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ҧİ

ƶʮʱΣգһÿСˣһڡ

磬ҳ˼޸㣬͵Ǳˡ

ʱ꣬δ޵ס˽ִıƢѵˣŵöવᡣ

û뵽ôףƶеˡ

ֵСŮڻһ۸㣿

ƶͷúܵͣһСߵ糺죺š

ͷŶͷƲסҧɤƵպ壺㡣

һμÿɰڶμɰ۸

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 1 


촰Ͷµİ׹⽫ӳһӰ
ŮСɪһǣǰɢƷ˿ƶΪȻģپüżɫڿ崿
ˣָϻСѾˡȴһձһۡ
ôǸʵŮأĸֹһεĺ˵ŵ۾㸸ˣҲ񡣡
ʱһͭѽ׿ɾĸʻϸϸ۲ˡ
Ǻأ
ǰϵѪףˮϵѪʼûںϡǸʵŮĸһ͵Ұ֡
һʥּؽ䣬ĸ乬նס
Ů۽޴ţ΢һ£ĸ֪ĸˣ͵鵱̣ʻῴڶ
ɬ̣ˮ
ʱ·һ䣬ǰ۵Сָš
ʣ԰ҵˮ𣿡Ůɬһ˫ȴˮģ峺С¹Һܿʡ
ŲҴҵͣ˫ֻбб
лл㡣ŮõɫĴһĨĻȣЦ
˵СýζˣǵľɫһˣǱȴһУֱ˺úϧһ
һЦһײֽ
С£С͸㵹ˮȥЦɢĹ⡣
˵ҪȥˮȴȻһԿײġ졣
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Ůŵ˺ҧŴңҲˡ
µСģšС±£ֲʲôˣ͸Ūˮˡ˵ţҵԿһСºȸ
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ҪʲôŮһ˫ˮ
ߣһ˫۾Ů룬չǵŮ˳£ǰȱһСӯӯһգٿ羱һؼ˪ѩ
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ۿˣʵؿǻԡ
С±£С˺ܻϧ񡣡
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һֱʹ˲ʱ̱ڵأһϮۡӦʥ
Ůݽ¶ѾطĹ֪ģȴԵˣٴֱɱ˾ͺãȴҪ˲пĶ̣ʵ˷˼
߳α洫İ

ϣҸʹɣϡ
ʲĿֻܿŮһĲǻһĨȣζЦ۴ż⡣
ݸɫԸŵˣӰȥ̫ҽ绪
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ǰźŮĹˣʱҲڻʵۺ棬üͷţʮֵС¡ֳʪĵգС½ųôܵסǵôһˡ
ѾǹˣµȥǰѾּѸ£Ϊƽŵסδ빬
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ﻹ޲˵ʲô
һ·ϣֻûر̣СҲ˺ΣѾˣյԺ
ʲôû壬һ顣
ŵģ˻ﹰ˹Ժ˵ҪߣҪŵһˡ
ʲ֪˵⣬ֻãߡ
ƭˣҪߣƭӣŵеգģɵӻģԺ
βˡ
ŵüͷɿһ㣬ãԶ˺òãһֱ
ãԶߡ
Ĵ𰸣ɿ֣ʽֻǸշɺãְӹסˣ
һ˿ͷҲƽͣŵ
ŵЦֱֱӽ˶С齣ȥţǺŵζʣ۲룬ƽŵϲţš
гԱܵкθУСʱһ㣬ϲϡ
СèƵסʵҲһ˫庮۾ʼˣǰ˭
лԼı磬ֻǿϧˣѾļ¡
ѹ֪Լ׾˾˶˻᲻޵ģƯ۾᲻׿Ϲ
ǹһ˿Ϸʣʣ̫ҽˡ


 2 


Զ˲䣬һ˫Сֻ䣬Ŷ
СʱˣҲҪˣ˯ʱһһĺ󱳺˯
ֻˣѾԼ޹ˡ
̧֣һСǼ⣺ôϲҰ
ŵ̧۾ЦһŹ⣬鶯٣ԥش𣺡ϲ
ĸڶϲˣ͸ʣ磬СǶȲϡ
յԺǱʶﻹǴǰһҲǵ⼸շʲô顣
뼫ܿ½εıС°ͣĳë΢΢̺Ĵ
֪˭𣿡ʡ
ŵ򴽣ô䱿ˣȻ֪Ҫ֪ʣ
֪ϲˡ˵꣬գգۣЩˣ˯˯ڶߵĸоãҸ
ԺӣǰɸˡٶСǲŲţɫԲãһֵڼŵĺ󾱡
ˣǷſ
ûʱ̫ҽҲϹʼдҩ
£С޴󰭣ֻǵ䲻Ⱦ纮ֻҪʱҩúϢ߰ձȬ
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˰Σգ΢һ촽ıݱֳֻڴĳݺ۱ҧģ꣬ŴŴһСӣȴӲľˡ
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ݸջֻ֡Ůзָӡµġûöôͺˣ
㽿ۣ
ŵѾǰ
¶ռõҩ͵ǰ±ȼŵ곤һ꣬ЦұһС
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żŵ˯ʱһֱ齱߸ȷѾ˲١ţŵһĺ޷ʪЩ
ߵſڣԸŵĹˣȥ׼ˮҪԡ
ߵʱѾԸˣ˵ȿͱˮӦ𣺡ʱԡѱã뿤ǰȥ
żŵԡ
ÿԲεİˮ΢ɢһů⡣ȹŵСŲȥ
һ߸ŵˮһ߸շ顣
丸ˣʴݸȼݣƵۣԼΪƽʴŵĸʴ乬ס㹬
ŵͼı˭ȴ֧֧ģ˵ԼҲʵǻʵ۷Ը£ȲҪ˵ģΥʥ
ŵҲٶʡ
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£ȤҡŵСһС͸ˣСҲǺģ
Ů֪֮֮٣·ֱ׵ĿӣǺߵġ
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ΪµĻŵѪӿֻȡѽˡ
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ʿ͸ŵڣɻǹȾûɢ
ԡſڣʴ깫ˡᱻƿһҲûзڵټԡ˿ųرڣֺܿ
ƿ㣬żԼԴһλļ羱ߡ
Ǵݣ¼׼ȷĳһźɫ£ǼŵǼ
ģתߡ
ͻȻֻһˮ죬ʶĻͷһ紵Ůͪǰ
᣻£ڵ
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̧Ů࣬΢޳
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⣬ʸֶŮǰ
ſʲôˣԽ޲
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ػϣūʲôҲûŮΪԼ⣬һ
΢̾˿ƭ˵ʵ㲻
ūʲôûūСۼ̫УҲȷʵûʲôѡ
ðɣ˵ûûһźÿصûʲô飬ֻƵĽе·Ž½ǰеơ°ɡ
Ůظ۾һգˮڴʯذϣվһȥ
Ӱ࣬׵ȴ
ԸɣɴɱһǧҲŹһ߶꣬Ӱ˽ġ
ȻһϢԽɤ˵ɾ㣬Ū˳绪ĵذ塣
ϫס㹬
߽ȥֱӽӸ
ϫӹϸ쿴źɫ½һŵ֣ȥġ
ϫޣ׿ԽʹطɫԶ衣ʧƣȻװ磬ǵ̬ûСɿ£Ļֹסһ΢΢ŵʲô
ʿ飬ﴽЦڽʲôˡ


 3 


ʣ֮ĶԹαǣŵʲô֪޹ġϫǿ棬£ȭֱ֣ĸҶɱңŵ
һЦЦһ˫аԵط⣺ĸαɱģĥĸ׵Ǹʹ
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ϫڳŲסˣ䣬£ϣɻǵʱ˴ܷŵ㰤һʱѽ
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Ȳ˵ЩˡʲĴ򿪻ҽɣϲʲôԸΣ
ϻһλŮӣֵѩŮ糺춷վһʢŵİ÷ԣЦݸ
װعؼ䣬þޡ
Ůʵĸ̣겻ʱͱ˺ˣǰ͸ϫǼҪõĽá
£ϫҲ޷ӱܣ
ǰϫֹ£ͷధ󣺡ŵ޹ģŹ㣬ϡ
ڵմȾ纮ˣȬ㡣˵̧꣬ˡ
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ӰΪԼ˵òɤӣصϣĴ鷿ȺʱҪس绪Ȼȥ
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䣬ϻʵ۱ҸӴˣʾȺȴҪةعӼ̳лλְֱдµĴλʥּʥּ͸ҸеıõˣɴϻʵȴԸ⽻
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绪ڡ
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СҰҳңȻǵáһʱڿ죬ԼҲ֪ΪҪһ䣬ֻǸ˵꣬;òʡ
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ֻǲߡ֪νֻͣǸԲ𡣡
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ŵһĶɤۣͻȻſһ˫Сƺĵ¶ȣġ
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ԭΪ飬ʵһɹڲţȥ
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ϷԸұȥƼȻŮӣҲϰ֮ˣСȫʤΡ
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ӰƼʵұۡ
һᣬƼˣ˾ͷɣںö˿ߵġƼҲŮӣŵš
ۡƼû໰ʲôشʲô
úǵˡ
ŵδ빬ס˺üˣϤĺܡƼţԼСȥҵǹĺӣó
ϫ׼ǣǹʮ˺þõġ
Ϊ˸лƼǡ
˹ģܺóԣ㳢ŵǳЦ˫һ̶޵Сů
л
Ƽس绪õṦΪʸ
ŵƼʵ𣺡ߵ·࣬δ빬˵Ҳܡ
šĵӦ𣬺أע⵽Ƽвɫһֽţõʲô
ǹСʹ͵ġ
֣ޡ
Ƽ˳ӵݹȥȴĿۡ


 4 


ԶԶģӰͿƼ˦ǶţһҲ̫ÿ߹ȥ߷ߵۡ
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ܰɡ
ӰʼվСŮͿ˲һůůģ˵Ҳġ
绪ڡ
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ȻĺιȻЩɼĺۼ̫ೣڸʰϴʱˣЦһ£Ȼȥ
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绹ҪۣԾ鷿šƬ̺󣬹˱㶥룬һζʰ
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ĸʱ㽻ɹֺ̫ೣչˣǾľǰˣ鳣ҲйʳƵۣγΪ̫ܹܣź
ͳˣ˵ЩûС仰¿ӡ
һŵüͷһǹı顣ûаһֵ꣬ѪգЩΪʲôûأ
Īǣ
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طط尲࣬˫ֵʺ£ĬĬš
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⣬йӭݡ˫ȹھҪ£촽Ҳ΢Ҫ˵μϡˡֹǳ߽ȥ
ƹ磬ֱڸߣƿ
ŵͰ¶ƹȥ
һϮīɫۣ½ڶýͼ׺һֻ͸Ϳͦ߹һ紺ҹ亮֮
̧һӣº˳ȥߵǰֻͷһۼŵ
ݻõİڵĶģʱȸ¯ﻹ̿ůڵġȻŷ䣬ʣ䣿
ŵʱݽţһ˫СѾ峺ˮСͼһȹȥڸǣ˯ذˮȹЩ̣һСȶ棬ڲס
Сʱ׿ɽĶˣ¶Žܹǲ̫á
׾Сһ죬Ĳɵش𣺡š纮δȬҹ䡣
ʵǻûߵǰűīֽ⣬дõֽŤŤּ

ǵСѾͷ㱻ͽӼʶд֣ʱտ֣ⶼʮһȥˣֻдô
ʱȥӼ࣬úѧѧд֡ʷеֽŵķߡԺ޳ȥƼ˶޵
ŵ뷴ȥѧдֱ֣ôһ˵ͻȻܸݸ̧˳лл£һúѧ
޿ɱܣһ۱㿴ˮеĽš
װ۵ģСɿɰ
ѾʱˣˮҲûð΢΢üŵ֪Ҫʲôһֺʶ
ֻһֻǽڷÿָˮ棬¡
ˮѾ͸ˡ
䣬ˮһμŵ̲ס˸һ˫ϸ΢΢
ϸ΢Ķ۵ףùԱߵһС£ȻֱӶ˼ŵµĽ˿ľˮ衣
һϢŽױ㱻ȵסˣŵȵһ̺Ĵ΢΢ţ¶һ׵ĳݺࡣ
Сһº쵽˶յѪϣģƺû˴С
һĽţһùţˮˣȥһֻ
ֻˣŴȥЬӣƬ̣ذϸɾ࣬˵Ьӣһͷ˿ûС
ŮĽűرŵϡ
Ьأ̧ͷʣſߺһС
ŵͷߵñϢĺҲˣԴտһƬӦٶۣƬ̣СС˵ӦãӦ
˯˹ŹģЬӱڴԡ
ʲôµؿһ˫庮ԼЦ⡣
ŵģҧ´֪𣬱㲻˵ֻջؽţڵǱܡ
ֻǸܳӺ汻קסˣһϢСӱʴᱧˡ
ֲûСʱ绹ϴأˣ
ûСʱϲŽŷ֣һ˫ѾŪմ˳ĸ֣ܵȥϴţֱȹӶʪ˽ҲûϴɾŮҪæϣϴͲᡣ
Ƕϴ
ڣڲһ˰ŵʻֻӶߵ÷̣ɱǼƵģϵǹĺúţú㡣
ÿʽ˷ϡ
ﲻһ齱ߣش
ŵֽŵǰŲ£ԱߣЬӣϡã˵ڣ㲻ҵĶˣĸͱ˵ĺӡ
ݲһ
ŵͷЩ˸СҲίʲô֪ͻȻһ˵ǸʵСö˶۳Ұ֡
ʲ̧ȥ°ͣԼ
εˡɫ
ŵҲһ˫תת峺鶯εʲôˣСʱ𣿡
ϣǣΪҲεˣصСʱʱ⣬ġ
εСΣһЦţСʱŵϲˡ
أŵѿڶֻһϢִڣˣôϲء
ĳĬˡ
գҲûеȵʵĻش𡣹Ȼ
֮ʣʳȥ
ʵۻûߣŵô˯ءҲϽಽظߡ
һͭܣͱ¾ɣСϲСӵƣңɺ׺ס
ʵһСϣϲ
õϸСɣͿ϶ţƤģ֡óǾ˭ģɿϸµӣ˭ġ
ģʡ
ŵʵش𣺡ʱ򣬸ҵģġ


 5 


ŮӼҼҵģʲôʣƽƽ
ϲ˵п˴ҳʱ˵ţŵСеЦ⡣
Ǹ˵㻰ˣδƭ˵ȥͿġ
ȥŮǳǳЦգȲӴ˼֡
ŵҡͷ˸ӵûУĸӲҳ
ĸ˵Ļ˺ܶ࣬ȥȫǸȴ˵Ƿڽ̷˾費ϢĽֵյĺ˱𣬻ˣģյĽʿ͹ģͨɫëŷɫͷҡβ͡
Щġ
㣿
ҲûСֻǷڲֻиݼùãܼ
ʰŻԭλѵиֳһ䣬Ҳ˼֣ŵ㸵Ժܴˡ
ΪʲôŵЩеʡ
Ϊ˾˺ͱǹıɱǡżŵϸ۲ϸ΢ı仯
˾˳̣ôŵֻһأȴżܼġ׾˾˺ױѶܲѹ
ֻһ˲䣬䣬ߵӣôҲֹס
޵Ůǿ޻Ҳģ滨СģһȻݸһɫ
ɱľ˾˺δ硣ɺޣ
ŵһ߲ˮһ˵ޣ¡
˾˺ͱô˺ͿأĸΨһˣĸ֪˵öѽ
ͣǴȻ
Ůؿޣһ˫۾ͨͨģеˣٿˣȥ
ŵ΢ҧס´ֹסˡֻһ˫ˮίʡ
΢΢ü̧ŵͷˡ
šŵͷһ¡
ٿޣҲɱˣʻͷŲȴŵСϸᡣ
ȻǰĶˣװ
ŵᶼٵˣﻹǺѹһжˣǸʵŮĸؽ乬˾˺ͱˣҲǶˣԽԽʹųӲǰ´ҧ÷ס
һɫԽĲãֱסɿҧѪˡ
ŮģſҧˣҲûٿޡ
ҹ
׺̨ϵҪȼ΢Ĺ
Ǳ󣬡ŵ͸òã̿͡
ץһɱµ۵Ĵ̿ͣŵһϢͷá
İȫҪ
ǹ𣿶ԡ
Сˬ졣Ȼ̧ߣͷȡһСƾɣοա
£еǹˣͨͨ
ʽӹһ䣺ŵԡ
ߺ󣬼ŵ˯űӣۡһ޳
ҹҴҽο˺һáֱŵԼ޵ˣ˯¡
󣬼ŵѹһ˫۾۽Ƿ죬΢΢ס
鲻ѣҲûڣһ̾ԸСŮȥ뵰СϲԵġ
űǺҩԣҩǹ๾غ£վȥǹ
Ƿ˺һ齶׳ˣûҵǹأ
ŵ࣬ˮڣ˵ԣұ㶼ˡ
ˣôءüͷţδ빬ʳҲˮۣһĶûУòǻͱˣոӰ
಻ࣿ
ŵֱͷСš̫ˣˣ
ٺˮūȥŷһһ÷δ빬СûʳŷӦС
ţţȥŵ۷Ź⡣
ǹϲģɶҪϲҲԸûɾܾһΪǻϣܻÿƺŶģһΪҧһڣĻΣҪ
󣬰»ˡ
һС룬÷š
ôô٣ŵСЩ⡣ⶼ졣
Ҳģŷˣ˵ֻôЩˡźյַ߷߲ƽôֻЩҿЩ˸ۣʧơ
ŵϵһ٣û˵ȥ
⼫ã¥չУһů紵̫سˮһƬԣߵĴðѿ̡
չбգŵںͤɹ̫
СƬ̣ӻǷúܣ纮֪ȫãĸǷ񰲺ã
ͬģ飺ҲţҪҪҼƣ
СȻдĲҲͣȴãҲƣÿκƶӮ
ŵһ㾫ǰǺ͹ļλЩӦòԸˣ˭أ
Ƽվһߣһ˱ֱܻڿߡ
Ƽˣ𣿡ŵ̧ʣġ
Ƽͷ߹
Լ£ƼˣһӰƼĸ磬βƼˣӰҹɡ
Ƭ̺󣬰ȡƣӰҲˡ
ĸںͤơ
ҵٺ»ûе֣ҲСʼʱͰһ䣬ֹӰҲ½ˡ
ŵ㣬ӹĿ죬Ҳá
ˡЦǮ
Цˣ¸ǮһۣЦģǺѽǿӿ϶׬öǮ
һӮ䣬ƼչǱסˣüͷ벻̫ӰãĮĿбֻơ
һʱ䣬ŵӮ˲١
ƼҪ˦ֶţӰæסáСѵ⣺ɺͳţ
̣ļױǮǲò̡
ǰδ빬ĿĸڴŵһǮûУںЩطҪǮŷ÷Ǹӿ϶һġ
鱦ζֵǣȥֲ㣬Ҳû˸Ҫв񲻿ͨг
ŵڰǮ
ٶ٣¹ڶ档
ʮǮŵţϲ̵ġ
ЩǮӦùЩǹˣȥµ
ŵͷţҪζġ
á
ҵ˾ӰӰӦ˵պƼδ빬ɵȰȣһֱȵպ󣬼ŵķ纮ȬҲû
ƼӰƭӣǾǮ˰ɡ
ƼƳһۣǽͳ죬æץ̿ͻʱȥ
ǸǸ򣡡
ʱߴ
ϣƼ˵̫ҽδ빬Сķ纮ѾȬʣǲǿȥ㹬ϫ
ڿ£ţȥɣϸĸŮ˵Щʲô
ϫ߼ŵ𣿻Ů˵ҪŮԶһ
ϣϫ˵ʵ顣
֪࣬ⳡУʹ¡Ӵʥ޼
лҪ˵ŵ˵ҪҪңҲûʲôʵԵѽƭҵǹҲĻ

 6 


ƼϢδ빬˶ǰŵԸǹ
ŵԡ꣬һɫ£һĨٻӰ鶯شůܳɢµĳδɣǽεСѬȾδʣëϻϸСľӨˮ顣
ӹƼеǺУǲزסȸԾͻϲ˵ģȥĸ
ţġƼ
Ƽлл㡣ŵЦִ̧ǺóǹƼ
󣬰һ˫Ь׷ЬϣС
ŵͷŷַųü˴Ьߵǰ£ɰĽ׸Ь
еסЦ
СźѽĳŲ¼Ӵսˣ̧٩ŵ˵ǲѽ
ŵ΢ʱֺ˼֣ѵ£ٺ˵ˡһҲŲˣ
һ룬ѾЩʱûδ빬ƿˡ飺տȥ绪ݼϿɺã
ʱ꣬ҲҪάֲܳþðҪָʵ۸Сһ׮ûءŵԺĲ£±һ꣬ҪΪ롣
ŵöûмˣҲ룬ͷӦá
Ҫ𣬼ŵı齡ɹһζůڵġ
ͷ߷ǹУһŷŽ֦ζģ
鷿⡣
ټһС̫࣬ʣΣ
С̫ףϹϾģѾ׵ˣֻԸʱ
΢תͷһǰ۵ʣСԸùŮϴɾֱ͵绪ȥ
ǡС̫ȥˡ
ӸһȲ裬Сطһԡ
Ů˺ôĹģԽһ˶ڹн̵գʵһϲġţ¶Ц⡣
ҹʱʻص绪ޡ
ϰ䣬ȳ˸ӵһڵŵһƽеζһյҡҷŻƵĹ⣬͸ɫ￴֮ԼһˣһϸȳƵİС¶ڿС
ƽʱҲԽİ
Ǻôĵӣ
˳ҵһ̴̣ʷ죬ŵ˶һ˫ű߬ǰ̡̻
ӱÿһŮˡ˶̧ʣǰӽīɫۣ༫信ֻɫŭĶҪһһ١
ԽˣȴҲẺŬź£Щ΢Сūʵ۱¡
Ȼ֮䣬ϲӣþĴ̹ǣ˶һƾֱǰ˶ȤҲڸʲôȤǷŭҶɱġ
ǲģˮɫۣ£ūѵ𣿡벻ۡ
ſʼϸܵĿ⣬˶һ㿪棬ÿǰıӣԼɴȵչ¶
ǿǰˣԺȴ𽥸ֳһŽ޵СһĨӯӯѩ׵ͪ塣

һ⣬ƱС
˶֪Լ޻ᣬū͹͹˵ţشֻһ㱡ɴȴҲ˲ࡣ
߳󱳴ʹֻۣȾѪԼؿƤһ˲ֱֱصȥ
С˵طµ۷Ǹʾ˹ź򣬱ٻ
ˣ̰ͼ
ڵصڴſһٵõĳ˲ͷһһ̱ڵأ亹ðͷȫǡ
δƬ̣ͦεӱվǰ
֪ǳŵģΪûõһʪ˹ز֣һߵ´ΣҲһɱˡ
ͷɤ弫ȴһɲ๵ɱ
ūҲˣл¡л¡亹ʽ۾̵ۡҲ̧Ĩֻս۶ͷصؿڵذϣһһ¡
һʪڳͷϣ̧ˡ
ڵѪһأŨصѪζɢ̫ཫŮ̧˳ȥһڹ룬ǰĶˮ裬ĨѬ㡣
С̫յߣСʣǺιʰϲ߾ˣΪҪɱ
˶ӣ⴫ȥһЩõۣԺ˭ҽźѽ
ŵֻǣһۣҲ֪ȥʱ°ɡ
С̫Ҳٶˣֻӣء
Ҽѵذ廻ˣ黢պǲٴʥˡ
ϡҹҡŻ»ε߲Ӱ
Ƽվδ빬ҹ̨׵Ӱ񣬽򿪹Ĵš
ŵȻᣬҲſڰǰ˯İ£۸Ҫȴڰ߽ʣһָϽ۾ϡ
ôģ
ŲԶƹ߽ڵȻ㴫ƶĴ
ȥ͵Сˣ
ƿӣϵ˯ú죬ǳǳĺš¹𨣬ŮСһ㱡⣬ӨϾٿüۣǹɽ
˺һʲ£֪ʲôʱ庮Ⱦᣬӳ绪ŭҲɢˡ
·Ħ䷢춯ŮչĶü𣬼С˸Ŵࡣ
ǼⱻţС÷졣
ָ̧֣Ųһ㡣һѩ׵ľ¶¡ڣֻҪ΢һŤĲӡ
Ӧɱġ
ݸᰤŮƿ
ŵûÿҲŵü᣺ֺ۰
˯еŮԺ˽ϤǶ硣ֻۣͷ촽ֱŴŴţף׾Ͳˡ
˵ţ촽ֱ
ȵĴУһ˿˲䴫֫ٺֽ
֪˶ãǿѹ⣬˹ָ˯еļŵڻһ㡣
Сȥ۵㣬Ѿ˵Ůˡۣһ¡
ʽȥ󣬰±û˯üĶ¹ŵл谵һУʱ˳
ܱƣŵſͷûѣ˯ø
ɲֻװ˯͵͵Żʵ۽С˲Ȼʵһ˶Գ
ʽŵڲ˯Լռ˼ŵĴ齡ﻹ£Ƶǳ㡣
ķɣ˯ȥ
ա
ŵڲ
ȹ
ô˯ѽŵ˯ۣ˻Ժš
¿˸һˣ㱧˯ġ
һ߶һЩԣֵ˵ҹŮɱˣ绪һҵѪȡԱ²δ빬ޣҲֻί˯
ŵ¶𣿡
µͷţȻˡӱǹҫ棬ٵóӽΪĸµĻʺҲпܡ¶ϧ֮ɫֻϧûϡ
ǲ϶ɣ̫ϻʼǧպҲġŵ˵ţȴЩơ
˳ʺԶġ
뵽ҪȥĸŵϲЦտģϴţãθҲãһһβʣĺˡ
¿꣬ҲǳǳЦ⡣
ţŵ¡ǳɫȹճŮǰ뻡ѩɫİףϸСҡε죬Ů鶯
˽죬СȥĨϤӰŵЦ˽ϫĻ
ĸŵ㰡ŴŴֱĸ˲䡣
ϫ޵Ц⣬ŮƿµĴһֿŹеʣҵĺŵЩӿί
ŵҡͷŸϫһ˫£ûУŵõúܣĸأ
ĸҲܺá˵꣬ϫĶͷְذŮ뻳Уֱ۽ֽҵĺŵ
Ƭ̣̲סʣʿ۸㣿


 7 


ŵҡͷȻʶ䵭Ҳû۸ûУҳΣסδ빬ƽĳƺţǰҲҡ
ǾͺãǾͺáţ£ϫŮ۾ʣûۣ
ԭĸ˵۸˼ѽ
ŵһ¾ͺˣִٵգۣߵôֻҡҡͷ
ŵǸúӣûƭϫҲšŮڹϣĸŮ˵˺Щ
ǰϫѰ½еһߣӼŵӣ޾ϸϤĺǻŽŮʵǷĲ£Ҳһί
˼ŵദʱϸڣҲһһʵش
ȷûŵԷģʲôˡ˼ãԼĸĶԹ߼ŵ
ôЩˣʼȻδŵʲôʱģҲһġ
ߣŮС̫һɣůôأ
ϫŮЦգ΢΢ָ߬ƴҲ취Ůģ뿪Ƿ֮أ֮ǰҪ֤ŵȫݣ֮ǰԼó裬˲ˣ̫Щ˶˺ŵ
ԣ⹬ܻסŵˣҲֻʡ
̽ʱˣƼһߴߴ١
ϫŮ֣ŵĸҲ粻ģǸˣã׽׽ĪҪˡ
ŮʱĿɰˣϫ֪ģôŮʵҲڶġ
ʵ䵭ŵﱾƵģĸ˵һȻˡ
ţŵ֪ˡЦһЦ۽ĵʢװ˽ȥ
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ŵҪúóԷ˯ˡϫ
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ŽнԶĽ죬ϫһ˫ĿԽĺ죬
ۿѾ磬ŵʱˣŵСŽӽ˫ȹգ첽δ빬ߡ
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ҰŵɫʱɷףֲԾճȭͷָ׼Ƕġ
˵˵Ҳϣ˺ĳ졭»ھ
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СŸʮ꣬ʲô֪ȴҪЩºᣬһϣǣźۡ
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ŵתŵⷽŸһֺ͹̫̫ģѺҲðѺȥԼӦȥ档
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ãůůġɼŵߵȣϳһ㱡ĺܲ
úǵˡ
̫̫ڵϷѮõУʮ鱦Ӻݹ
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̫̫кηԸŵ̧ʡ
̫̫û˵ֻһ˫۽ڼŵϣϸϸһźôֺĵۣȴֻС깴գƫƫ޹޺
Ǹȸϫй֮޲
ϫն׵ʱ̫̫ڳģƽƽ棬Ǽŵ
Ұֵˣ
̫̫ջߣûзԸֻһ͡
ĸϫۻѪӦ̫ϻƣڶ֣Ҳ޹֪飬Դ󰧼Ҹһּ⣬һӲ̤ǰ벽
ĸŮڹʱӻֻ˽ǳ˹ǧʰǣŵȻֻ̫̫˼̫ϻǸĸŮסйʳǵİһ
ɣɶ硭ŵԼ˵ˣæĿڣϵ˼أ
ڶ֮˵˲ġ
磿̫̫һú˳ֱߵһյȲڵذϣŭݲðѣڴ˭ҵӵҴط
ˤĴյƬһСƬôֱ̽һϢðһѪӣŵ۵ü
̫̫ŭ۲ʲôϴ̫̫ˡǼŵʧԡ
ߣҿǹƣ
ּȷʵûоʣһ˵˼Ҳطǵ˼
ٿڵŮɿ۵ģ̫̫һ긵ϫƾòԳ裬طõҪȻҲֲʳƵۡ
ˣƽԲѷ죡
䣬ŵ߹˫ѺһĿ׺ݵضһ˲̧𣬼ŵŵñս˫ۡ
İż֣һǵͨ죬ƴȫҪѣÿܴ˴衣
ס֣
ǰҪµǧһ֮ʣԽȻ
һڽۣ̤С
˶סȻҪƼŵæ˵һߣڵϣҲ׷׹¡
ʵôˣҲͨһ̫̫̫ϲʣƳһۡ
ûֱߵŵǰ
ãȽѾˣŵһֻڿɣֱҲۣίۿ죬ô޵
ﲻ֪ʲôüͷ΢һ˲£
ǡ
²żŵҲˣ۾ˮ
ȳȥš
硣˵ֱ̧ơڸ״ȻίοҲ漴䡣
ϸϫ˵һȥˡáԼҲôģݽ٣̫̫Ļ˵ĻҪ
ûķꡣ
̾ȳȥ
˳ȥˣʲŸ̫̫˵ĸ˼ĸŮܶ
ϫֻϣŵ
ԽԽңֻˡ
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ʣǷ˶Ĵ㲻ǲ֪Ϊһܻ֮ӹ˵ز̫̫̾ĳʱŵãôȥˣ㲻ټǹңá
һ䣬д㣬ֲ̫̫Ҫ̫Ͼ£˵㡣
Ŷʮ꣬ȴһ壬ʢ˵һӸеģ
̫̫գȥˡӹ·ϵȲ裬һڣϫĸŮ飬㡣
⡣
ŰѾֱϵƬȡˣڿֻһϸ̵ĺۡϢƬ̣Ҳ鲻ˡ
ʳһСӭȥ
ŮһϮ£ǰѩװڣµһ֫ϸһգůϣһ⣬һΡ
ŵվǰ̧ͷϸ׽εСЦŴŴؽһ硣
ģʴͷһ£ôˣίˣ
ίѽֻǼͿġЦֻۣһ˲ЦʧˣЩʣ̫̫ҪҺĸȥӦ𣿡
ʣûС
ŵЦˣ仯ÿ죬Сһִһ㣬á
΢ȣϵǳԽһ۱ǰ뻡ѩ̧ǰߡ
ôãŵô𣿡
죬ŵƵǰ棬ߣҪһӶڶߣ벻
Цģ峺ᶨ
ʿ㱼䣬Ǳʲôסֻһ˲ָֻ
òãŵ
á
ΪŵߣСĲȵһʯӣ´򻬣žҪȥۼֿ죬һס
Ϊԣŵ˶˽ʻ
ú·⣬漴Ҫƿ
͸ŵúܣŵһ˫ֱۻסʵͲˣСؿڡ
磬ҺöڻûţôԶ·ҲֱۣҲۣ̫̫󻹽ҵ졣һԵģеί˵
ϣϫԼŵ˵Ļȫʶúܣϫ˵ˣ׽׽
Ҫƿ˵磬ߵЩ꣬ŵ㰡롣
˵ֱ꣬ЩС
ʶԺиԡһĻΡźҲˡ
磬ȴˣ
һɤƣã֪ˡ
˵ţţٱһŵɤʼղ֡
ôôˣ
Сèץһܣɻߵŵſ
ǰˣһŵһչһһεģŵҲһһΡ
á
ռŵĽδ빬ǰͣ£·æʻҪȥ鷿£мλҪ̡
ŵסʡ
ŵ㡣
ŵͣҲҪ㣬ֻ翴һϾͺá
ʲô
ŵţֻļĿ峺ӳ庮С
Ȼ̧һֻ֣Ө׵ָʵȰ۾ϡ
ʲ֪ҪʲôҲ˳
һϢϢϢŵĬţʮ֮ˡ

庮ۣһ˪겻ǰģ峺ЦʣĿĿ
ŵʧһϢݸǳǳǡЩòãԲ䣬ԺҪӱãڻ
أʡ
ŮͷգһۡһգۣһδӦѾܿˡ
Цػƭģ汿š


 8 


ӰڹǽϺȾƣ糯һѴڹⲻߣߴߴĸû꣬յǷһҲû
ƼϢϣӰ棬˵һŻԡ
Ӧɱˡ˵Ƽһţ۹ǸߣŮʵġ
ӰΪȻ۹ߣ
ʵɱ˽ź˶ЩµĴﻹҰԼŮͽ
ŵͰ´ǽ߹˵ĶԻ¶ʰ£ʲô˼
һ£û
ŵƺˡ˼ǣԺﶼкһ˵ġ
Ǽֱ̫ˡ
ùź󣬼ŵϴһ߿һߵ˵Ҫġ
Ȱȡ
ȸƼϵѾȼˣŻӣֵµġŵСϴ˯Ļ͵˵̺ϡ
ʱˣҪЪŰɡȰ
ŵԼ۾ԼѣҪ
ֲֻ˻ڵ̺żŵһȡú󣬼ŵԺ˯˹ȥкСŮֵذѼŵڵ齣ĸѣȻϱӡ
ճʽһ֣±˳ȥ
ŵл㱵ģô˯ϡţӱ˴ƿ
̧۱ŮСȾźΣһ˫մ˯̬Щˡ
磬ѽЦȫ΢΢ɢ¶ɫһǡҲҪ˯𣿡
ϣЩͺƯ繭촽΢õ㽿޵ɫ
еζ̫ھҪһǷһ
ȥ
ŵɵرܿӴ齵һǶ˯ȥƫ
˵߿һƷ˿֣͸̧֣׼ȷץסһקŮˤϡ
ŵֻ㶵ʣԡ
ͿʲôʣɤЩơ
Ǿޱѽʲֲ䣺ȡɾǾޱ굷飬ϷۣȻͿڴϣ𵽱ʪ󴽵á
ЦЦЩ˼ͨᱻҳԵ˵꣬Сɨһ´ǣ۵ζߵЦˡ
Сһﻹǹ˲֪
סֲ˼֣һ˫ְֳŵ֪ʲôΪˡҧ´üͷ
磬ˡ
ɤ˵ǻ
ֻۣޣǰ㡣
ϵԽĴ󣬼ŵȥûãĦƤۣͷҲۡ
ѽСŵЩ
İСһˣˡֻһϢʱɿ̵֣˫
ɫϼѵŮˣͷȴʼ
ЩԺƲȥĶӡ
ԡˮӯӯѩ׵ӣУܣۿĵӡ
һֻۣŮϣһֳͷ濴磬ôˣﲻҪҪҽ
üۣͷбðǲ̫ӡ
ʰԳǴӺһ㣬ܵͣûС
ŵһ˫ɶơָ糣ŰԼŪģ硣
۵ƤϺɫԱ
ǽۡ
סĦ£סһһҲ˵˵ҪĥģΪʲô̲ģ
ŵеۣ뵽ǰҧѪˣƽϡٿ˼ӣһЦˡֻ̧ʳָԼĴմϻ۵ָʵı
Ϊûгİɣ롣
ʶģ򴽣˿˿С
𣿡ŵڴʣüȫŮ档
С˵㳯ʴչȥͼԼСӡȥ
ˣ
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ô
СС졣
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Ŷ
ŵ㬵أһͷ᲻ߣ˵仰ġ
ϣԼһ̣ѹ̾һµĶˡ
ʱ򣬼ŵҲˣһû˯ѵģһͷתҪϵ
ס
˯ȥƫ
㶼˻˯ѽҾҪ˯֣ƱӾѡ
ʽ鿴һδ빬ߵʰ첻㣬ɰȥг绪С̫
Ųȥģûô졣
ŵСüͷţǲЩϴ˯òáʲиֻץֱ۲
ŵûѣ
١ûʣˣ˵ҾͲҪˣȥ
ŵĵףľͲֲˣֱֻʵֱۣԺ￿
üǲĥˡ
ԽŵᱧƫߡźϣתߡֻǸβָ㱻һָֻסˡ
㻹ʻͷŵ
ŵգգۣ˳ĽëίͰ͵ģߡ
ô۸㣿£齱ߡһ˫аԵض
۸ڼŵ˼һͨ۸һĸ˵Ů۸
Ӱڹǽ˵ǾͲŮ۸˵á
ͨ۸Ҳµģ
ŵæſʵ֣ˡ
ӼѾźˣ˯һȥϿΡʷԸ
ϿΣϿΡ֮ǰдĳӦܳ
ţ磬ŵ֪ˡһЦ
̫Сӽ齱ʰãˡҲԼ̫ãһ۱Ǻͼŵ飬ҪŮˣͲˡ
ֻǰɱһǲ˳ۣҸ˳۵ԡ
ʵҲҪһһһ˫ˣϧһһ
糯Ըȥ顣ҲĪúܣӲͷƤӦˡ˵Ҫ˳۵ģô֪ſ˳ۡ
˼һˣǾ໷ݣƣѡˡ
ʮձʮ塣Ӱʣˡ
ȥҹ̫ϻ𣿡ˮΡ̫ϻġӰʡ
ʣʹˣǡ
ϫӣ̫̫Щ˶пܡ
ɳȥ̽ô˵ԽƵ۱Ӱ̽˸ĳҲС
ӰҡͷϢ
ˮΡһֶԲ֮ҹжܱ֮׶֮ʹڶıȻѣʧ䣬бѪ
ǵڶձָ糣ֵȵ¸Բ֮ҹ¸£긴ꡣ
ӼͼŵһѧӷüŽѧƣһӸһʲôûѧȥΨѧ棬ƪӶн
պÿαڼŵ棺Σѧô
ŵҡͷѽֶֿ˯
ûµģӱѧõġµͷҰοһļʹ
صδ빬ŵţϴǰ֡
ܹ
ʽ磬Ů˶ǰСǺմīıʼֽߣֻһ
ֱֻûǲԵġ
߹ȥվ΢΢ֱסС֣ơͬһ֧ʣдľͱĺÿʷƮݣжйǡ
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ճ˽Ӱӣҡҷζһ񾲰Ȼ
ڵſڣżͷ￴һۣҲ¶οЦݡ
ƼӰǻʵߵĺˣĸ¿׼㣬ΪʲôҪǸùϵպҪæĵط
㶨ϣ㶨á
ƼҲϲǣ±Ͷãֽ˴ӹЩ͸ƼӰأϲʲô¹۲˺Щ죬ûһ֡
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Ӱ˿㡣ͷǽϺ
ӰٿһأվڰǰСܵôȴһգգؿԼ
ʲô£
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ģ͸㡣򴽣Ĵһ˫СӰ䡣
Ӱһʲô
ССģЩߣ𶯣Ҹϵϡ˵ţָɻ±ϵˡ
ˡָһ½
̣ӰоԼʯˣֱһ
ˣܺÿ̧ɫ£кΣһֱţȡ𣿡
Ӱţ֪Ҫ
ǲҪȡ쿴ûˣҪģ䣬ӵܿˡ
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幤ãĶֻŵá
ʴҹԽ̵ŵڶսȥĹεõ˷ӵĳޣ١£ź뿴ŵŮü۽͸һӾ龢
鶯ֻõŮôǱģֻԸԸѧѡ
õ޼ŵǺܿĵģֻŵһӼԼһˣһ˴һġѧûлδ빬ȥ鷿
ʹȻڡ
Сܽȥ׵ȹɨżһһ˲¶СɵĽס
Ůÿμܵġ
תǰٲתҪ˽ˣʱŲֽ֣͡
ǽ㲻Ҫ𣿡ʵ
˶ӣָĹֱ̫ȥ۸
ûܣֱġЩڿʣ÷һ²裬һڡ
¡
ǱҲһڣʶʱҲÿڸ˵
Ӽһˣ档ǰ̫ϻλʱӼ඼гҪŮģɲԶҼ
˭
ŵҲûʹ𣺡ǡةҵĵŮ
أ
ţʣµĶ翴Ű졣һǴӦˣ
š
ʲ֪ΪΣһе˼ͼƻᱻң˳ߣ
ŮЦˣ۾£һС˵Ķˡȥÿ죬ϲЦ¾ûзĵ¡
ͻȻЦ⣬չ
磬ͷʲôѽǳīɫˮ״̧ȥãǴӼ͸ġ
뼫ǳǳĺϣܸоȵ£Լ𸡵Ů㡣
ͷֱ¼ŵԼ֡
ȥģҩˮϴһɣʵǡˮΡԤףҪһղԶ
ʳյþˮθǳĵа
ÿģϴ


 9 


ܿˣһϮɴȹƮݣеģһСҲ
оſڣһֽۻȥ
ױһŵѽյĹһһϡЩۣīȫƵһߡ
㿴ӨϸָָԼд֣֮ǰ繷һĳͤͤ
ӽֿˡŵǳǳЦ峺мֵ⣺磬㿴òã
ѣ˷ǡдֵÿġ
á
ŵصͷϸСҡε죺ţ
Ӧò綪ˣ
ֿˣֱнѧʫϣվǰСֱƵⲽ
Բԣ¶Ϊ˪νˣˮһ䧴֮ҳδ֮ˮ롭 
תᵽС
ŵ棬żҧ˼ֳݸһЦλ׼ȫǽ鶯̬
Щްĵϣһ˲˲
һϢŵ⧲ر׽סСһͱϡҹҹӵ˾ǰ⶯ѡ
ŵԹʰѹսУϢķƣҪǰΣԺ󶼲Ҫ
̰ĻֻСʱһůһ̫졣
Ϊʲô ŵ⣬ȫ֪¶㶵ġ
ֻоֽһЩս
һƲס㲻õ£Ҫ䣬ջûСƿһ㣬ͷĶͷϢ̣𣿡
ŵɾһ˫ȴƵ÷죬ĵ׵ٷӿ
ףֻ֪Ҷ硣ԶǡŲҪԶԶģŲҪ롣
񣬼ŵֻʶľе˺£ܿһ˫ֱȴĲԴ
оô
ŵüͷ𣬡ʲô
ûлشʱ˵һֶڼѡŵϸϸȥоﲻ̫ԡ
ҪŲһ㡣
ǣʺؽס̾һڷȴһ¾ͷˡ
Ƭ̣ʣ磬ôˣ
δأѹƭŵԣˣġ
ŵͷ̧ӣƭˣһϢ֮䣬۾һˮҲˡ
ǲǲҪˣ
ĸֻˣôôϲ
֪ĸɾ⣬֪ײ֪µ¶棬֪Լж
Ҫ֪ж룬Ҫý
ǾͺѽҲ˵Ҫһӵģ벻ӣ-c-x-Ŷ-Ϊ۵Ц
Ī˲УԵһ˲
յİЩ䣬ⴵһ硣
ŵıɪֱʻ꣬ʴʱһ¯̰ļȡ¶ȡ
ǵӦҧ𣿡
ŵǵãͷֵݵߡÿ׾ҧǺܴ󣬼ŵȴ۵ҧҲŲ
ʴŻŵ۾ˮɣӡôôԣôݵĥ
ȥˣţ˴Ϸȥ
Ƕ磬֮һʹ𣿡֮ǰҧ֣Ҳҧһڡ
㣬һʹʵδƽϹ顣
Ĵ𰸣ŵĵˡ
ߺʷԸǱˮڱˮУɺһ͸ԼǷŪ˵·
أһԼЦĵ˭ĥ˭
ϡ
绪ĵذѾãҽ
Ĺ˺̫ȫ˳ȥֻгһԣҽʴݴģš
Ͽûκ⣬ϵԭ򣬹ڽŻǼӱܣƶ𡣡ҽĵ
ۣһսȭǱһ¶ѣͽˡ
üǵҽ
ҽԵǻѹȥЩʱգȻӦ檣ʵ¸ġ
һ£ֵսҲһλŮҽơ
ҩɡʾܾˡ
ǣ΢ȥ
֮ǰʽ飬Ѿ˺ü񣬵һҲû˳֮ۡǰľ棬Ҳٶ˵ʲô
ա
һ磬ŵ绪Ǳҹҽ顣
ĲˣŵŶûʲôθڣһСȥǲȡùҨιһڡ
ֻ֪Ǵҽȴû֪ʲô£úóԷȥ绪
šŵҪιˣֱӶڴڵʡ
СԱ»ģԸܿᣬպʹһź£Сĳģһࡣ
ŵȹС绪ȥнĨ鶯ٻӰ̫ܵ죬ЩģܣСĽ¡
콫δɡ
ϾҪȥ糯ˣÿ㡣
ܵſߡ
ŵһСú˵ģ̺СŴ磬˵㲡ˣкЩ
մһǳȹĵ˸ӵĽ棬δʩװһС۵÷·ˮĲ񻰡
һֻ۵è̡
ͬ峿ıһ䣺ǲˣ͡
ŵգգۣ峺޹ңôˣ
ǣʲתߡ
վԭأֻñͷᣬίòСǰߴӰԽԽԶ
أ׷ȥӺ汧סʵ
磬㲻ҪҡſǻЩġ
ӽסĬƬ̺תһƿŵʮֲƣôϲ§§ǲǣ
ûи˵ҪԶһ㣬Ҫң˵Ļǲס
ɤͷ£һ
ŵ̧ͷһ˫۶ŭۣ¼񣬻޴Ľͣǣֻ룬ֻͶ׽ûҪҪ㡭
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ͷ޵һ˫ϸһһģƲסġʡ
Ů滨ʵĪսӵڻУһᣬ°ͱ̧ͷ
УˣһƲص˦
ŵ޵Ժģôһ˦°ۡίʹҲ޷ƣһ޳
۰ۡڵϣǱӰ̧һĨͺһ
ܹżŵϸ쿴ֻСɵ°иĿĺ̡ۣ
ȥҽȥһ𣬺СŮȥˡżŵǻδ빬
ţáŵҭһҲҪˣˡ
úúã
߳ʱǰסǡԶ˿
ҿһ£ôۣ
ŵͷֻҭҭĿޡʸƫͷ°ͣкһָӡӣڵᣬָ̧
ҧûޣЩ˵Щ벦ϵıɴҧĺۼֻŵߡһͷصײʵıӣȻܿˡ
ʳʹһ׷ȥżŵǰקվˣֲŸ°ͣᰴ˰ͷ
ôСһƢǴ󡣡
ŵƿǰˣһ˫޺۾ǿض˺󼸲ʡ
ӽԺҾԶԶģҲˣŶ˵
áӦ
ԶˣʽֱӲŻŲĳһľ뵡С
׷ˣ˿ƵľŵᣬüͷýصĪҪū澶죬űѾ׷ˣ㻹ƢãһĽȥ
˵ˣЩҶ֪ġŵӣҾǿƲסʵ̫ˡ
͵̾ԸʵۿҪСźá
챣ӣӣﱣӡ

 10 


죬ŵùӼҲûȥʱӹ˿е֪ʳѲεϢ˵Ҫȥ߰ղŻ
һӵĺò˲ûθڣСԴſرϡ
к˹ָϼ΢һЩĲ˵ߣȥС嵭ɿڵ
δ빬ʳĶȱԵõҲϺõġ
Ƭ̺󣬹˽õĲ˶㣬ĢСϣܽظƬ²ˣӲн˿콷˿һƬɫ⣬ڵƺõպˮйһȦȻŵŵС
쳢ϸմ彭أʵúܡ
ŵ򴽣˿Уڸϸˬһ׾Ƶ͵㣬ȷ
汻һڲּһ顣
´ЦָʢһƬ𣬿ڸãƬ̺һѾס
ڼŵ߶꣬˽ˣθڲʱ嵭׼û
κһֻʣǼܣĢСʣһܽظҲֻʣС롣
绹ȥӼ𣿡
ŵҡͷȥˣ˯
һ磬ȥʶ粡ģû뵽Ūòɢɶ羿ôˣǺõ᲻᲻ȥѲΣǳȥܷͷβģ
ŵԽԽƣڹ˫ɰ½ǾޱһһͿĴϡζ̲סһڡ
̧֡һžӡշɣúš
ŵһ㣬´һ򣬻ȫ˿ڣȻЦӯӯ¡
СЦһħġˣЦϸĵٸͿȥ
£ǲ϶һִ˵Ķŵ䲻ʡ
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ŵޱȵļǵãն籧ĺܴˣ룬ĪǳʲôóĶˡ
Ҷ绹˺ü£Ҳ̡ܶΪǸɡ
֪֪ѽŵü
Ҳ֪ǲ֪СڹûнӴˡһӰˡ
ϧӰʳѲˣҲõϺüա
°ҹʱ꣬εδ˼ŵ񱻷紵ˣ˿˿߽
ǵСʱһҹµڴǣô߶ûáֻ˯޵
˯ţҲԼһһµı£
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Ư𣿡ǿǰŮıӰԵŮ
Ůͷʵش𣺡ƽòȻɡ
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ʱѧŵǸ𣬻δ빬ʱ·鷿ŽգûˣƵ绪ɹš
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ŵҧƵǰߡ
ฮ
ǸսԼ¸󣬱㱻סˡžһصĴϣʱۡ
㡣̧ͷίˮ
ûˣǰװǸʲôɫҲ֪𣿡¶Ϊ飬˹ܸ˰ɣ˾Цʲôޣ
žһһơ
㣬˵̫磬סˣù޺޵˵䣬ˡ
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ţ㡣
ӽǴᱧߣѽǻȥķ۾ǲͬյᣬ𽥸ֳһĨ¯}˵


 11 


պʻعˡ
ѧǱ̫̫ȥȶ
ŵ׵ģСһ㰡˵꣬ð¸һȥ˵ͻͨ
̧֣һų㲻õģôأôġ
š
ŵߣﻹǲ̫ġ
ʮǽʶĵشôԼһŮӣȶλôףôġ
ʱڹӼ⣬¸ˣŵֻʣСŮ
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ǰ߳㿴ǰվŵһĨϤӰбվ飬ֻӰӱֻһˣֹ¾
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ǿ̫̫ĵɫֻĸһŮฮ޿ĸȴδչͻȻĹģ¡
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ǴӽסҴȶȥӼѧҲЩҲһЩ˵ţЦЦºҪһλĸµĻʺ󡣡
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ǣ׵ġ̫̫һݼᶨ಻Ṽ̫ġ
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һ壬˭֣˭ӻһأ
˻˻̽һźɫСԴ޺һһ¡
𣿵ι㡣

 12 


ŵߣ·ʵʱ˸񣺡¡
ȻҪߡ
һȻקסƴб̹е֡ŵͷһ˫üţʮֲ
𣿡
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á
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ļأһŵӲǰȻǰİӰѹţֻоһʹ

 13 


о£ŵӽֱҶһһµġǳȵϢҲŴڶϡ
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Լ˯üͷýֻΪУԺѵļŵսڻ
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лҪ˵ԲҪʳˣһ˫ϣһһ

 14 


ŵůһߣѾˣĶŪģɫĺۼѣ·һ
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ɫ磬ŵû˱ѰڵĴûУԺԡߡ۰ţǲ޻һ顣
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صУϵһԽԽֱӽյˤˣƬһءǰǵʣǳʲô£
λƢºͣ޹ʮ˻δôƢ
һȭϣ߲ѣӣӣ
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лʵ۵˼ѾȷˣӲġ
:Ҳ𱸣Ͼǵ׹⡣
Ȼǣ鸮һһ죡
֪ҢؼңһһƣʹԵɺ֪ҢһԼ˵ǡ
˭˵ӾһùλȻͻ飬ұΪ¾ң³ҲܳãΪأ
ǣȥһжãųá
ŶӣװףЩǶģô˵ֻһԭ򡣶ϲƽ
̾µҲֻһһ


 15 


ŵûټʣ鷿ӰŲý˵ǻæ߶š
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ڣĺİ
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ġ
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ǰĳײһĻ£ʲôǳſһˣȥҽ
ȥ
лҪ˵ЩϲĥԼ

 16 


绪⡣
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Ъ𣿡ŵҹ̫ࡣ
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̫ǿ̧֣˵κˣȻ
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ŵǽֳƣȴ繡ֺòãĺʹ


 17 


ģ˯е˶üŴŴʣʹ
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 18 


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 19 


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Ҫô


 20 


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֪ҢЦŹһ¼ŵıǼţˡ
ʱӰ֪ɵǰӣȥ鷿һˣ·Ը

 21 


˵ĲȻǰдһƪ۲ߵ̫ϻʼνϾԶ
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գδ빬װļŵڵߣ¶ȥ
ڣŵҲ̹Ȼвᣬš
磬Ҫ㡣ŵģ֪ĸ˵Ů»ҹŮӻۣΪʲôѽ֪Ң˵˻ҺãҲ𣿡
һȣ룬ֱִ鸮޵ĹŮ㡣
磬û˯𣿡
۵һƬ࣬۾·𰼽ȥ֣ɫҲ㲣˿־뵡
Դ˵ʱÿ͵͵ȥżƭΣʱֻǰһһҹ
ˣҲͲǿ̶㺣Ҳյýѡ
ûУȥ·ɣɾõȡ
ʱ´̽һԴѣ㣬ʱϲˡ
ʳ¸ں棬۽͵͵һĨʪ󣬼Ůӵ쿴ºƯѽ
ͷڡ
ŮǸϲЦտģһƬЦУŵҲЦˡ
Ҹ㱸һУʱҲֹڶšİ𻨸̫ҭУ岻Уʸ⡭
ŵױ̨ǰרŵĹŮױװ磬ʽΧ˺ЩˣҶɵĽš
ʾȺеȲһһ


 22 


īĳ͵٣ٴϽɫڣϸСҡڣŮĶͷһϮ޵ļӳżŵգֽġ
̲סޣպ
ԱߵĹŮҲ¶۵ٶ࿴ۺƳˡ
ûŮٴߴ١
˺ˡ´
ӱСĲ߳漴ߡǺ͸ϫһֱš
ŵϫ
ŵ߹ȥ˽ϫůĻĸ
ĸŵ᲻մȾһ˿ǻ
ϫĿޣֻѻ˱øЩƬ̣ſŮһСˮˡ
ŵǴϲӣɲܿޡóСϸµĸŮᣬŪױ
ĸŮ˺ðΣżŵҲֲᡣ
ŵȥɣԺҳ鸮㡣
ŵһ˫յý˺ãɿתȥ
δ빬ʹţһ·͡ǰԶվķ֪Ң·ֻԼһߡ
ߵһʱ򣬼ŵͻȻͷȥ
ײ˸ĲȵһҪַ̧ס˫ϸֱ۱㽫סˣԴš
˰̡
ŵ˵磬ŵһΡſ⣬ŵҪˣֻһڶߣӦ
Сڼת
£˫ַ£߬ȭʹ벻ᣬǽÿ죬üĿӢͦƽ԰ֶݡ
ºۣЦŵЩҪ֡
ɤҲᡣ
ŵſﻹڴҳޣԺټһۣҲҪңҪʲôƭ˵С
ͨ۾һ˲˲㻹ҪҼ𣿡
ֻ౻ʯѹ£ʹѣǰŷڣۡ
Ƭ̡
һ˫˵ĺҲ䣺ʥּ£ת
ŵĿǻ㣡ʣ㡭
֣ݳˣȻקŵһơ
ŵźˡ
£ͿޣЮŭ𣬵ͳˡ
ǣǣūսսشæǰһסŵŮһŻ˿ô˿ء
ΧĹ̫ҿͷҳǽǼʶˣһ޿ĹŮڻʵǰΪԼǧ谮һСأǲ֪ߵغ
ŵ߳ţʱš
֨ѽŵļطᣬһͷ
ľôʲô
֪Ң΢ڴ˴ˣڹˣԵЦ֪ҢСŮˡ
СŮöƯѽҶúúÿ
ʩָǸ
ڲڣλǺƯġ
Ųţ֪ҢĻҲд֤
֪Ңǣһ㣬ҵСŮСˡ
ӴӴӴͿʼˡЦ
֪Ңǲ⣬۾ֻǰ潿СӰŵһϼηأҲ֪Ңˣֱܹȥ
ռŵٺױü۸ġ
ŵ
һ£ɷǳڣȫڲزסϲ
ŵԻδȫ֪ҢģҲŸӯӯһЦ
زأҪѹժˣŵǰõ죬ͷǼصġ
ŵ˵أֻһԵŮٵһЩʱȡ²Ϲءתֶɹ˵Ǵʱȡ£»Ե
ϹؾͲϣԵ޻̸֮˵ţ֪Ңվڼŵǰֽ̧صĹСȡ˵ŵĸҪ
⻰öŵĵЦˣͷϵʧ˲ӯ
ǡŮüͷǲ
֪ҢֱӰѹӵݸòĺҾλŮٰúã͡
ŮһҭסֻԣĬĬĽǰ·
ŵһЦ֪ҢյߣС˵ľЦΪ㶵ס
˵ְ꣬Ѵ쵽ŵǰŵ̧ǵЦۣͷ˵áȻԼСַŵС
С޹ǣ۵ģ֪Ң£ȣš
־ףͷ۲ۣĴֱָĦš
ۡŵȸպãĿů֣ġʱǸʲôҪˣҪˡ
߽ˣ֪ҢǸĿɿڴ÷գԭϷʵĻںȥΪ˵ŮһҲΪ
֪ҢżŵϽΣ˵еģԼԡһҪױ磬Ӧûüúţǰá
⣬´򿪳ӣСϰ˸ʽģͷսȥĶԼŵ˵үϸģȫ
ŵȷʵеһźɫĸ㳢
ڸϸ壬𣬺ǿɿڣһ
һ𡣡˿ӴĶ黺ƶ
κߵ˽ϣҲӻʹ鸮ҪĽֵ࣬·д迴Ϸİա
ŵݣ˶䱻ŲӳԿѽǰε棬ȴвġ
ԽĶ֪࣬ҢҲͣ¡
ŮŲӣүϹأԵү뿤ǲóá
ÿ
ӲȥˣŵԱߡ
û취Ůֻ̾һ𡣡
ŵ㲻ҪЩҲ޹ġ֪Ңס֣ԼĦš
šŵĳɬɬģһѽ
ҰѶš֪Ңһ㣬һƹףְֻסˡ
ڻü𣿡Լֱϡ
ˡ
ûã֪ҢֱˣżŵԼҲ֧̫
ŵɵĿˣȴ֪Ңˡ
ܿ죬ҡ
籧ʱ򣬶ҲģҪһЩ
ŵҡҡͷô뵽ǸˣĬҪˣҪˡ
ŹϺתͻ˳绪ֱµ˿ڸý裬Ȼ˺¾ɰ̣ٵʯˮȥʴ
˵ֻŵֲֻ
ѸٹϣΪ޷ֱһˡ
ɽлڱ£ͬЩһ㺹죬ʪһ˫۽бһ㡭
ٹЩʱգϲͰᰮǸˣǸǰǸʱ὿ߵĶ㿪ܡ
ʲ룬һ֣ľͶһ֡
֫ٺۣҲۡ
ٿأߣˣҪߣļֻһ˵ġ񣬲ܲеҵ϶һ˳ܡ
⣬Ӱסˡ
ѾˣŹҲŹԼ
һۣǰĽ
ͷúüë۾ͣ񡣡վһŮӣӰѰģüĿŵ
Ůӣ߳ĵĥ
񶼲ŵֻһʻˣδŮһۡ
ߵſڵʱƼŻŵĸϻ
£֪Ңˡ                        
лҪ˵Vᾡ
лϲͬѧһ·֧֣ǣоо

 23 


İأʲӿ, ɫ
Ƽ첽ţȸȥˣ;мǺš
Ӱϡ
˵粽, ƼͻȻǰ, վͷ·, ʮ塣
һ, ˻һԾ, ֱӿƼ, ǰȥ
£Ƽһ, ҲֻǰԽСıӰ
ҴȥӰӰټаٳ
磬ʮ壬ȥƼһ߲һ߱Թ
ӰһϷʣмͣ˵ʮ, Ҫ˻һҲҪȥ, סġ
Ƽܲ, ޺޵Ǳ³˵Ů㱦ţ
ƼӰһ±, ⻰˵˶, ĪҪ
ֱӸ߿, ֪Լݣŵԡ
ӰĿݹƼס졣
ԽӰЩṦ˵õĸ, 书ҲǸǰ׷ȥİ֮ȫɱˣ;ǺҲˡ
У˼ֻܼ٣ײּʯͷ۵ءֻṦûмǺŷʱڰ֮ǰҵˡ
һվмŵǶӣš
˵
˾ͽ˵ıʲôʱ򵽣ͷĽʡ
Ӱ𣺡ԼĪʱ䡣
ȥȷһ飬ץ˲ø˾ͽ˽
˵üǡ˵ţӰƿ˳ӣ̧ȥ
һϲ˻ԲѣŮϴǿ˲˽ߣȡ£̧ͷŵǰϸ۲죬˰Σͷ¶Цݣ߶ţû񡣡
СպãȥŵЬӣ쿴Ľŵףֻź롣
ţûˡ
ʱζͻȻһƣľƬɢɿһӰԼٶȱŮַӡ
عĽγе彣ôĵӣǰˣ
˵ű˴üûд彣ֻó佣ذ֮ģý
һµӰԼҽ·磬㶼ὣӭȥ
Ӱս˵ˣǶֶ࣬һһϵľ˱ûãЩˡ
ֻߣ·һߵһߵ
촭ǲҲ֪ȷ֪ҢȢŮˣǱ㲻ˡ
ԶԽԽ
ס֣ϵ˾ͽ
СǷ׷ܹͣ֡ȥǰС˵֪ҢȢŮˣˣǲߡ
˾ͽ⿴µӣһڽ£󲻷üȴâλߵ̬ûв´Ļλط¾
˾ͽǰֵλӣ㽫Ĺѣ˭ߣ
ǰѮףĸߴų𻪷λ׵Ľ죬۾΢УϸǲطˣԽ֮صˡ
֪Ң߼ŵֻ֪ҢȢŮˡ
¶Է˶ڣ߽ʮ壬ˣԷŵ
ǰ˵ԶҪټ
˼ţ˾ͽֿ˵λﲻǱ˯Ѩ⿪ˡ
ʱһģ̧ڼŵ׵һ¡
ŵϢΪϤ㣬۾̧ȻǶ硣ǵڴϽٷͻȻγȻѨ֮Ժʧȥʶ
硣ŵ£ûΧ龳ֻסʣǰ½
ĺ󱳣ſһ㡣
ŵſԼҰ⣬أΧкö಻ʶˣվһϲϲкö
Ī¡Сﾫ۵һ㣬˾ͽһƣҲŻˣ֪Ң飬ŮˡҪȥһطԸǣҲķߣǸߣ
ŵܣ֪Ңأ
ЩͷǿӲôֻ࣬Ҫ˵˭߾ǣ
ǽ쳤ÿ࣬׸Ե䣬ҲװͰ͵ģŵʻ˶㡣
ļ磬ŵԸ˭ߣ
Щ˶˵֪ҢҲûҸ׵ӡ
ŵգգۣһ˫ϸСȥʵ֣΢ĴűĴֽסˣɤͷ˭ߣţ
硣СС
˾ͽ⣺С˵㣬˭ߣ
ŵƫͷһ˫峺ӺǼᶨ˵˵ҸҶߡ
֪Ң˿վǰ׿Ҳһѡ
ѡ硣
Ц⡣˴ᱧ𣺡ŵҡ
ŵ֪Ҫˣ𡰺áȻʵס
˾ͽ˵㻰಻ȥ
ջߣ˾ͽˣˣǻ
˾ͽЦЦˣ
ɲộýȢȻǷˡܲطҲôųɣ
ҲҲԽӣȢӦԽ˵㣬հŮӴȥҲǸ檶ѡ
˾ͽԼиŮԽնӲѡһŮӾܵġ


 24 


鸮
۲ŵĿ, ָָ΢΢㣬Щ֪Ңߵģ
Ž, ԺѾҳһš
úݵİ, 䲻, ȴҲʮ, 㾹Ȼá˵, ϲ, һֻæزᡣ
վ, һ˦ӡ
ʲô취߹ȥοϣΪⲻǺģھҲھҵ
渵֮ǰод˵ƽԸ޸֪ҢнһڹţԻʵִ, ֱ䡣˵, üͷѾ, ʵֶ˷ݣʵ, ֪Ǿʲôϵ֪Ңǣ, ʵҪɱһ仰顣
µԵǻ, ˵ʲôҲרặ壬߰źһ, У˵һˣȴһŮ顣
˼ˣǶ飬ʵΪλҪͻ֪Ң
Ѳ⣬ӹдϢϸڲ˼
ϴ󾪣۾ɨһŴȷû˲ʣڹаˣ
ͻҵһֱѰǵһ顣
Ҳûʲô˵ֻ뵽ӣգҲá
ʲôã͸ˣȥԽԽӣޱȣҪʲôŮûС
ֻ᲻ãôཫʵסձʱôСһ˯ѽѧ
ҲܣΪȫ֣òں·ôӳ顣
ͨϦߣƣɫ𽥻ް
һСϣҵһҿջ
ƹһ˴һϲСԴɣЦӭͣλ͹ٴס갡
ס꣬䷿Ѿʼ䣬Ȳ˶ˡ
ŵǵһγӯӯ۳Ĵܡ
áƹóñʻ£תͷһߺСλ¥
ŵͻȻ˳ʵӡ
ôˣ
磬ҺöѽҧŴɿģ۾ȴڴ˼ڳԷϡ
С֣һ¥һ߷ԸС
׼÷ˮһ˵·
СӦãáεЦ£ֵ͹٣·ȥӵӣ·ѣ󹤷ѣᱻƹ
ССɫëļͷҪµһЦȴúܡ
ֱͳһӸ·ѡõģСš
õģүСӹӣе˵ߣЦøӲá
䵽ˣСŴ򿪣䣬ԱǼǡ
ţȥ׼ж֮ǰ
õģүСĵ¥
ŹϣߵǰˮѾʼ
ŵڷ󿴿ҿǸǺͻȻϵļЩأһ˲˶ӯ١
ϵ뵽Ŷһ·ϱɣã绹ѽ
뵽һҪ飬ȥʶ棬磬ֻһ֪Ңûأ
ֳڶǰ޳ָüģԼ糣ɤȲˣӰȥȡ
ŵͷǶ֪ʲôΪʲôҪ֪ҢУҲϵ񲻼ˣ֪Ң͸ҵǿ顣
һźö⡣
ʲֻ̧˪ô
ŵЩۣСģɣ𣿡
ۣԼڵı仯ЩѣӽԺ󣬲ˡ
ΪʲôҲҺѽҲϲģΪʲôԹģ
ŵеԵ֮һ¶У
ʳѾ˵
ŵԴ˵Ҳ˵ߵſڿķôӶڹС
ޣˡ
һɷƮ¥ĽŲ
ȻСһŸ·ʵģòŮ˽Сһû·Ӧܴϣ档һСһˮ
źúС˳
֮ǰСûз·⡣
ʱĻڳԽߣһڱ¼鸡
ŵԼúóԣ˾˯治ȫҲšѣϸϸ
ŵֻǰɿڵķˣţ֪ˡ
ʲļѵ߳غŲŻصԱߵķ䡣
һϣӲ˳Ű嵹ȥǱѿۡ
ΪˣŵЩ˶ǺóԣĺⶼϲԵ㣬ϵĲ˻Եһ룬ʢһС붹ѿȡ
¶ǣ˲ֱһȡ
Աߵˮδ͸վǰͷ˫һˮϴϴɾԼ·˴ģɫǰתȦСǳʡ
緽ŽסˣԹԵϴ˯һ
˯˯ţŵԺľúȥӣȺҲԽԽȻȫʼ
ŵĥĽң˯šߵǰӿֻϸ۵ֱСмץˡƿ°ڿǣϸࡣ
ô죿
ǲгҧϸ쿴·Ҳûа
ͻȻ䣬ֻ뵽һܣ컨ǰδ빬źһСŮǵ컨Ȼˡ
ءŵһ¿޳
磬Ҳ硭ŴЬӣܳȥҲȫȻǵҪŵ¡
ŵվϣ˺üŶûзӦʵǼֱƣûзһ¾Ϳˡ
з紵ȥص΢Ʈҡϵıһ˫ɺѪۣһƬǽĵϣѪζ
ŵǰһĻŵôˣš
硣촽أȴһ
ķѾںϸķڼͷƮţŮֻ䰮
ڣʱ˿ֻ̣뽫ݻ٣ҧĺѪɫһķױ࣬һʧȥ
УŮˣתţȻһһĳ߹
ŵϵѪҺĸ
ĴƬ˺ֽҲһһ顣ŵ߿Щ߹ȥ
ʱͻȻվһֽקȥŵĻϢδְŵڵϣľͷ󱳷ۡ
һֳڼŵߣɺתüۼ䣬һֻķĲ
ģѪζŨҡ
磬ôˣµòˣȴֵӨۿ
лҪ˵ûˣд

 25 


Ӳ, ϸһԼ͸׵ı˪Ψжͷˮ״, ᷢһϤġ硣һ˿ʶ, ƫһͷ, ɺѪۿʼ´µˡ
ŵֻϵɿ, Ƶ, Ħ۽, Ĩᡣ
̹, ڲΡΡط
ɷ׵Ĵ˻Ʒɤŵ˫۾ﾡʹ
֪ŵĨĨ᣺磬ҡ㵽ôˣȥ֣ҲںֵѪôô䡣
ĵ䡣
ǣǵʹٴϮ̾һ, ֹס, ϵı, һˮ
ŵȥ, ýеһʶ
Լˣڵ, սҧס, ʲôҲţϵ¶
ŵ, ߡȥ˫ֱסѵ塣
Ҳߡʵ䣬һҲţø˵䣬ŵȡůůůͲˡ
˵ţҵ֣ճȭָһһĴƬݺݶ
ٵĺţʹĳŵƺҲоʹ⣬磬ǲ۰
УˮӸɫ̲ҧңŵۡ
ﲻۣˡ
ǣǵʹ޷̣ȴǹɱ壬һ֡סС֣ʮָۣԴȵľѡ
ůůºڽһڻһͷӿŵϵ¶ȣøЩ
ŵҲӣҧŸˣŴŴ˵磬Һ컨
һյ΢ϸϸ쿴ŵְֱ۸ҲУȫǡ˵ţҪޡ
컨ֻǹʹƣŲԼѸϵ·
ŵţá
˵ţҪߡ漴ֱסһϸﻻҺ䡣ֽ£ڻ
һ˾͹ʲôûС
СʾܾȫǶ̰һϢһ˲뿪
ðɣ磬ûʲôģСʱϴء
ŵﻻ·˫ֲһֱ˺þúþòźá
֮󣬼ŵԸоôˣֹԹԵĸȡůá磬λȥ͵鸮𣿡
Ѿӹ޳ˣڵļұ鸮ȥ鸮֪Ң
ʣˡ
𣿡ŵ۾ϲ֮üңЦá
˫յøҪڻһ㣬ŵе㴭һϢҧ䣬Ƶɤ˵㲻˵ҪһߣһߵͷҶԥɱ㡣
Ϣġ
˵䣬ŵϵʲô飬ɫʹ࣬ȴֳ繣ຬ޾ӿĻ
˿̣ǲ̬̬֯ƫִͼ˹
ҲߵģԶԶ뿪硣ŵޱƶػشü磬ſһ㣬첻ܺ˶
û˺ðβŷſ˫СУռǿҺõҪ֪ôʶ̧١
˵źݻȴ۽޿ຬˮ⣬ڱ΢
ô᣿ŵסˣһʱ֪λش
òãʴչȥǼ⣬ĥһһµģϢЩŵӦҺô
ŵգۣá
ǹЦϸϸܵա
ͻȻ䣬źʹһ˲ƿʮ˴ŵĳ⡣
ʣɱ
˾ŵ
ŵˣ磬ô죿ô࣬粡ôùŵüһ¡
Щ˻ǻʱʿǵĿ⣬·ڿһ㡣˺һ鲼˹ĸŵ۾ϣͷƵɤɱ˲ÿ𿴡
šͷ
ͷһѣ
ŵ۾ţһƬڣһһʽƶ߻űӵ˵İ
Ƭ̺󣬵ֹͣˣҲˡ
ֻµˣǼ򶷵ŵѾ֪ɱ˼ˣֻĸо̹ǵ𽥻ȡ
磬𣿲ˣŵʣǺķ
꣬Ǵʱϣܵÿ죬ܱСĻڻˮʪķ
ˡ̧ȡǰĲЩۡ
׹һƬȫ
Ҫȥŵʡ
ȥɽˡУԷв˶ʹ˰ǧһ֮Լס˻ļŵ
ɽǰ治Զķ¹ȣ벻һжҪȥⶾ
Ķŵһͼˣæתͷȥ
Ȼ򴦿·ƿһ飬ΧŰɫѪԣǰɫģָһ㣬ǺѪ˵ɫѪ˶
Сʪ鷢գ̺ĴҲʪġ磬жˣ
ϸ̫ԣʴȻֺᣬһӹ䡣ǹһ˿Ц⣺ˣʲô
٩⡣
ŵҪȴֻᡣͷһ˫ֱֱۣԴʹչȥ
촽һ˿ڣź󾱽ŲŵûӦС΢΢š
ҪʲôŭɢڴУǱˢü۸ݡ
ŵһ˲ŭۣ˵ڻϿԽͻûµġ
ѩҪúýѵһ٣ȴֻΪ͵϶ƭ˵ģš
Ҳжġ
ûǴһƬʯ֣Ȼߵ¹ȵſ
ʯ·ɻˮء
ŵЬʪģȥһ˫Ŷݵˮüͷȥ˫ּûֻ˸̨ܱס
ŵԴͷŻת
ſӭӣһµ꣬΢΢˸ƣĹӣ롣
ʯţӳȫǺ۷۵ĸɫ䣬䱻ˮʪԽԵóˮޡмŵʶδ빬Ļ|¥ҲУɸʶ
˺ϲ
˻ʽŵϡ
ɽأҲ£ùС֣ӿֱϵӡ
𣺡ݾٰ컨ᣬǰȥݡ껨úղܻ
ŵֱ۵ӣǰǹݼҩԡͺá
ʣȥ׼һϵѩ˿ͽ篶ɡ
ʱŵͷѾִʵװֻΪеģٿϵļ̾ϸƤѽصؽ·ӣСӾǴ˲ʵ·Ź
Сӣҵͷǰ·
ŵʵСָţֻ۾ͰͿһȥ
ôˣʡ
ŵССģȥ
ǣһ
ҩԡ׼ãŵȥڼԡʺͷ档
罫ʼϵİȡϴ˿ڲҩز嵤ձɡ
˶٣ֵ²պ󵫷ʹ
ʣް
磬㻹𣿡潿ĵ
Ӧһ
΢΢üһӼҼҵģô˵ｿģһڲڣ²ɣ
ʷ·͸뷨·ϼСܵܣʮ꣬СҪʱʱſš
¹ȶеģ˵ŵŮӲ졣
׵ͷţĹӣϢ˵ţҾˡ
Ҫ¹ֻһǮǱǵĹɽıǹСһŵ·ϵѩ˿Ƴɣ׷
磬·ᴩŵֽ
֮ǰС·ǼòˣȶŽȥУѩ׵·һһ㣬ж̵ģгģдҲСзֲĴӣʵŪס


 26 


һűżһˮҩ, ƿᣣŵСԴſԡͰ, һ˫Сַ°, 峺ӿ
, ·ָָһ¡
ǰ, ҵ·һİ˳ں, Ҫ, ŵְס
, һ¡
ʴʱ֪ʲôЩ죬һȥˡ
ŵһӨ׵ļ¶һˮ˳ž߻, 
ôˣ, Ůҧź촽̧, ѬΣԽġ
ŵԡͰ, ȥĴ֣ȻԼǰ
, ŷ, ܡĵ˵
ָµһƬԲĻñİ£ļһ, ȫֱš
ҹﻻ·ʶģעҲûϣֻ̰¶ȣڴʵ
Ů峺һƬ޹ãȻˮһȴִļָһ
ʺӦǿˮˡ
µӣˣɤӣްѣˮˡ
˵꣬Լ޷һ㣬ʶ󣬲ÿ
ȥһŵˮִ½óһźɫĲϵݹȥ
Ȱϣϵ·ҵ˳򴩡
ŵӹʸĶչŷһ£½һŵ֣ġüôŰ
ǹԹԴˣðϵ
մһ־鷳Ա·ߵǰҩˮаߵĶһ㣬ŵֻԽҲҵġ
磬ҴĿʻ۽ţҺۣ˯
ûʲôҲ·ˣֱӱŻ˰ŵϡŵԺʣôҵ°
վǰͷһ£˯˵
Ǽ»ʼԡ͵͵õģһСĿӡ
һ˯ü㣬ֱŵ
·úͷƿӳʵǱѵģСǰϻЩˮ͵ģĵĲС鲽ȥԱߣϵĵԡ
ϿζŵһһĳţеҭָԼһˮ
ֻˮе֣ĺɫˮƮϸСƻǻ裬ŵһں˲١Ϣ仹һɵ㣬ƢǺš
ʿԵýζС䶯ţӻһһĵģһʱҪˣһ㡣
ţŵͣסǿˣӦû׼ܷʢζɿڵķˣŶӴһˡ
Цһ£ߵ󣬴£ϸĺڷƱǼ⣬ѣһۡ޳ָ˿һ纳һӣ÷á
ŵܵһߵױ̨ǰվӣеԼɷ״죬ֻͷһŬ첻ΪʲôҪŪôķʽ
ʿһ˿Ц⣺¹ȫˣҪ˿ֵȢؼңԸ⣿
ŵŻŵعСԴҡ˹ģԸ⣬Ը⡣
Ǿͺúðˣ
Ŷ
ŵ֪ҢʣӰôûҵѽ֪ҢܾȵûЩҪɱô죬ôһ˿϶򲻹ġ
˵ţŵѩСȫǵǺŨŨ⡣
ʿԽİȥҲƫ䣺û˵ıˣţ
ۡŵ֣ȴ򲻿磬ſֲţһ
Ӽǲסǲǣӵء
ŵһҲëˣĵ۸ңû֪ҢҺãҲ춼ŪңĲ㣡
ֲһ䣺һѡأ
ļһʹɭ䣬ſҲ֪ҢѧᣬҪǺڣҲعˣȥ鸮ķ
߿
عŵסٻ졣ֻ侲˺һŻͷֻһ齱ߣҲòᡣŵȫĵ㣬ôǵء
̾Сߡ
վǰһ˫ַڱʮָĽšô
ֻЦ˵
ŵԱ£СΣҲŵҵĴ˰ɡ
תͷ۶ϼŵ޵ӣлҲţֻŵ㵽ʲôʱŻᶮŮ֮飿
ŵԺʲôŮ֮飿ϲеģҲϲŮһһŮ
͵۰׵Сϻĵӡۡ
֪Ң죬
ŵϸ룬һһʮţǣҵ֣Ҷͷ
ĻʻҲƵ෢ۣͻȻֿ̧żŵףչȥʼüۣĥȵϢɤƣǰҲܣԺ׼κ㣬һС
ŵţסãðԵ
ŮҲСֲ䡣
ŵСֵŮˣǰºǶ𣿡
ϢԽأС˵ְ꣬Сְͷգ䡣
Ƭ̣ʼŵʲôо
ŵ˵ĸܣûʲôоСʱĸһġһ£ǳǳЦеҸ
ŵûʲôоʵĸоȴһʰļָڷ鷢
ŵôࡣ
ŵûӦأӰͷ
κ
ŵ㱳ȥϡ
ŵֿǿ̵飬ͷк֣֪ǸܣģԼؿںۡ
ת
Ƭ̺˴ŵƵǰ߲ʡ׷ȥסӸ·ͷ
Ūãŵһš
һԺӣǰһðҶ͵ģ΢ƮǰСرһͤӡ
ʸżŵȥͤͷŹˬϡ
ŵƳһۣǻȶҶˡֽ£أ´㡣
û´ˡŵֱ˵ľܾôأӡˡŲҪ´ء
С֣˱룬һ˫ȴûйͷƵģòУϸϸš
ã´ҶˡʿЦ⡣
ŵǵһοЦ̫Ҳûǰôˣ¶ˡЦٺÿҲѽ
˭Ҫ㡣ǲмҪԼֱ֣߬ס
һ
غ壬ŵЭˣһˣ
š
ˮβ㻺ιŵȿŻ˵Ҳɿſˡ
ͻȻ㡣
㣿ͻȻʡ
ŵֱͷţ㣬㣬㣬罷ͷһԵͨͨ˵˳һʣ磬ô֪㡣
ָ˲ǣС濴㿴ÿˮˣ֪ܲ
úԺţȥ㡣
ǻ𣿡ŵɡ
ʣǹǰһģȻ
ŵǣŸںߣЦӯӯԣ濪ġǶǹϴǵϴϴ󡭡
ֱȥǳԸ߷ʲôϾǹĹӾмӣߣǵӣҵ
ԺŵվԵĻǰϸĵɫ䣬֮ǰȵĲˮĻһģִչȥţζҲһ
СӣĹ𣿡
ŵҲѧӣֻ˵ȥǳˣҪ㡣
ΪȻȥˣŵǡ
ʲôѽŵס
·磬ǹɽĹŵӡ
ŵ磬֪ʲô𣿡
ôձĻʶСʲôͷѽ绹ص˻нҲԧ١
ԧ٣ԧ첻һˮ
ţǣ⻨һ˵
˵ŵı׷ʡʲô˵ԧйأ
ϸϸ˵⻨һֺúºϲһһԸԸʵ֣ԸҲ᳤ިïʢ
꣬ŵֻ棬ȴҲԸţ磬ߵʱ𣿡
翴Ż³磬ҲȻԡ
ŵܿģԾץס˷ֱۣ۾ӯӯЦлл㣬硣
һסˣСЦôôǴһ㣬һ˫۾䣬Щˡסֱ۵˫СҲССģһӾ㽿ۡ
绹δعʾͻˣÿŵץŷֱۣЦһĻ


 27 


ͻȻĹ, 쬵һɷ硣
ͷ㿴վͦ, ȴ纮о̫, æ¼ŵ, Ȼ˸ˡ
λӵȴƬ, ȥ
ŵȫûʲôо, ۾ڿʢŵĽɨһ, תݡ
֮ǰ, ŵժһ󣬲С鲽ݣСǻϲϲĽģ
磬֪ʲô𣿡߹ȥڰǰ飬Ա߹š
ʣ
ʲԼ, Թ˵ŷ, ˵ǽ, Ҳԧ١
ʷе飬ϸ˿ŵ, Ů𣬸һС, üŨ, ӯӯƬ̺䴩װ, ģһ˵
°֪ͣз簡Ҷ֪
޵Ц⣬ɤһ˿Ϸʡ
ŵĽͣҷİһ˵ˣ㲻֪ΪûͻȻ뵽ĵģﴽЦ绹˵껨磬ֻ֪ʱԸԸͻʵ֡
ҪʲôԸʣְ˱š
˵˵Ͳˡ
ǰÿԸöջûкκ˵Խͻˡ
˫ֻʲӿһ㣬ϵЦӵ١
ֻԼģȴȫӵʴ˿ϽǿյģҸ˵ĻҲԶǲסҲӲûûΣ
˵ţ̧Դϡ
ҪŵһжҶţҲж绤ңҪ顣
˵ֱ׳
Цһϵƿҿ㻹ǽ֪Ңзʲô㶥أ㣡
˵꣬¼ŵʱѾãšӦһһŰʳϡ
˵ŵȥãһĲ˶㡣
áһڰֳȥˡ
ŵЩȲӾͼһԽƬϸѩףڻһͺⱾڿڳݼת
棬ûӾͿԣһСԵ͹ˮģǼϲ֪ôĻմһ׷
磬ôѽŵһ
ͻȻɣȱ۶ѹûгģһֻڵȻƵŵǰ
̡
ŵɳţ۾û̧һ£Լô
ۡ
ѽˣŵùӼȥ֭ĴлȻϸĽϸСĴһһ
һ룬ʷ˿ӣ
ŵ磬ˣ㲻𣿡
ˡ
ŵЩĪԼԼԣٹ뵽ˣСʢ˿˹ȥ
磬ܺúȵģ㳢ڰ棬ôҨһ׵ݵߡ
ÿԡ뵽ųЦôܡһʱ֮䣬Ҳ̫á
ͻȻ𣬼ŵί죬ûзеӡ
ְΣˡ
ԲԣŵС죬ֱ
ΣնҲƴƢôôʱʱʱʱȡ
ͻȻܡ
ŵҲˣԺúԼȥԱߵĿͷϴúѺЬӾѽ˯ڰ˯þãڴϷȥģԼĪһʱ˯ȥ
ҹͻȻ꣬
ͷһǺŵļرѣĴ죬ˮƮᣱõƮƮ裬йȡ
硣һűӷ
Ϊʾ䣬뵽ʱԼܵͷ˯
Ъͣ£ɪ齣ߵ̨ǰȥشӣˮƮϣġϸ׵Сָϴʱ㾪һ׹⣬£ƾǰ
ŵŵͻȻ£˫ֱϥǲҶˡ
죬ʴ߻谵һ۾Ϳ˶ڴµĽСӣ߹ȥغôŸ˱صϡ
ϺС˺ܶ࣬
ŵϤζŵ˫סǰ½ߣ谵Уһ˫ķˮ⣬Ų磬Һ£ߡ
£ŮСףǺº;塣
ʣǷ㣿
ŵҡͷϾҪҪŵֻҪ磬ҡ
Ӳļ齱£űַĦţã㣬¡
ŵŲһ㣬磬˯
ʲŵ˵Ҫ㱧˯硣һ磬Ľ⹴ˡ
ڵӣְһЩ⶯Ҫ齱洫һ[cx]ٵ
¡Ӱ
ŵץ֣Ҫߡ
Щȥȥͻ
ҪҲҪ
ֻͣùһӣüŵڻȥˡ
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Ӱ´£Ӱһš
洫
Ӱֽһֲ˼ǣʮǰԽӣûڳ֮ȴԽҵ߻ԽڣʵʵΪ¿Ϊᷢ䡣
ʵû죬Խ˴˾ӣǲϾ໤֪Ңݶǲ򵥡
ںڿջĴ̿ͣϤˣǸһֱҪصġ
Խİ֤̽һǷʵȿѺڹС
ǡ
Ӱȥ´Ҵҽڵϣ£𣿿Ҫź򣿡
ŵǰ£Ҫʻȴס˵Ҫȥɡ
ۣ˳ȥϷš
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Уԣ
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̨ףɽֶķģôôôôࣿ
ǣֻӦСģĹԼڵģҶûп
ɽͻȻʣʵ۵ҩˣ
磺ţˡ
ɽ̾ҩˮʹãԸ¸ʮ壬ܺùЩ
˽γֹ̧μŵıӣˣ˵Ҳ֪ȥ
ŵӣ۲ӯӯίòУѽʻһ仰Ҳ˵
̧Сֻǰˣ᣿˵ţֲͷһͷϸỬ˿ķֱһһµḧ
ŵǸġͷȥСӡ
ʮֻصδ빬ŵһֻ˵ҪСͷϣУҵֲԵгģԸŻʵ֡
¶ǿԼСĵ㣬ȥС׼š
ţȥȥҺö
½СԸŶҪЩʲôʳ˵꣬һСŮίίŶϸ˵ֻһ˵ȥ
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ҹҲСı˿ӡ
˭ѽֱɫ죿СŮ֪հ³ΪˡǽͳӰˣֻ۾ü
˵ȥСŮһĴôܲ˵˵һƲס뿴հӰηӦ
Ǻ
ڰ߽ʱǱҼŵûˣֱƵͥ|¥ֻŮմ˫ֺǰţԸӣҺͶһһԶԶҪ롣
ߣȺ
ðΣŵųСŮˮ֡
ǣôˣŵֻδɣܹȥ
ǿŵֲ쿴ӣŵˣյ׷ʲô
ŵշ渵Щ˵ôôˡһͷ˿ûеء
ǱãտɰҵĻˣû˯áȷʵΪ˯òã۾°Ȧࡣ
ŵסǣ󱳣£ںĻˣ˯þ
һ£ǣһ˯ɺãкöĻҪ˵
ϲЦ⣺ѽѽ
ŵŮģ˸İ̫࣬ʣ˭ѽǰû
·̫̫͵ġ
ŵüͷ΢壬սһ㣬С̫̫͵ˣСһ㡣
ţ֪
лҪ˵Ҿȥ֪ҢڻǺ޹ʵӻʵ۴ͻͿʼϵԽ̫رߣŵעǸ
̾Ϣ
к~

 28 


, δ빬õţԹϴ, ˴齡ůɫ, С˵Ļ
ŵԼȫǡʻû˵
ŵ, ϲˣһ߸ŵͿŻһ
ŵĴ, ״ÿ, Ϳ֬ǽ޵õɫ, Ƕϸ, 棬Ϳȥˡ
Ϳˣŵ˵Ȼаĸ㣬ж硣
أԸһˣ
硣شƶ, 峺Ǻԥļᶨ
ϵǳЦһ˲Ľ, 漴ָֻ, ֻżŵŴϾСŵ, ÿ
ǵƫŮӣС谮ų, Ҳлʵ۳谮, òãԸãĵغ, Ķá

ҲÿŵۣҸͿ
ţáǾĲ
ŵǰţɢɿѩɫֻеĺۣŵôˣ
ŵͷһۣӡӾȻûֻǶ磬˵࣬ԽԽۣӡӡ
ͻȻ΢΢һǲˣŵԴ黹¶֪ɻʵأϲŵ
֮˵˺һ˯
ʻع㴦飬ǵһְޣȻֿ˶ѻյۣæҹȥδ빬
ҪŽȥ¹££żС뿤ͬ˯
ͣסӣԸƼȥѿһŪ
Ƽȥ
ǲ⣬ȻѾ˯ˣﻹҪڰ˱Ƭ̺ƼʽӹŵȻŽƫ
¿ˣԭҪÿһ˯ǰܶһðΣȥȿ϶ǼϲģȻܼ޵ȥڹҲͦá
Сʱ꣬Ҳ÷Կǲܵʺ󣬳ġ
Ƽ¶Цһ
ʲô㵹˵ѽʲô·߷ߵġ
Ƽбȷʵ²ߣҲ˵ֻվͦҹǾðСŮŵʵмСĻﲻһԺܲϲ
ƫ
СĽ˷źϣȻȥϴƬ̺齣ֽŵ
°ѣֻ󾱼±㱧˯
ԺУŵŵϤϢֿһЩૣ磬ǽ𣿡
ɫصС촽Щƣš
ðɣ˯
ϲ˯ӣôҲϲ΢ִչȥŵ
šŵڰΰѼ䡣
Ӧ磬ԺֻͶ˯òãͱ˯ŮҲСڵʱɬɬģܡ
ŵ˯죬ٴ𻰡
㲻˵͵Ӧˡ
ֻһˣҲֻġ
ʵû˯ţƼ֪ġ糿δ빬ŲŻشȶ
·ϣ·򿴳ЩƲֵСΪǿΪѣ˵С㣬ǿ㲻ˣҪҪūɱ
תһ͵˦·ϣ㲻Զһ˿һУ
ʱ԰˵СŮС̫·ȴȫȻ˼Լ󣬷ŭѵ·ʵǿƲס
κ˺ŵ
·δС㷢ôĻ֪Լ˵˴شĻѾСĵߣæ¹򣬡ūˡ
̧źݺ񽥽壺ҪǸҶҰƤѪ
żȫ·ϣֻĬĬһҲҶС㣬ūסˡ
߹ˣ̧ĨʱϻҳѾˮϣ۲Ƿ࣬Ѫ˿
֮ӼŵȥӼѧ顣
¿κߵ鷿ſڣӰ£ˮﻹӳ¹Ҫô
ȫǵʲôˮ
ӰͣǿգѰλ
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Ӱʣ£
ʵһͷĬߡ
ŵûӰˡ
ʲô˼ͻǲѽ
ߵǰӼ֮䣬ס߲ۡ
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αϿ˫ۻϾĿΪʲô˵ҪͲҪǸ˲ȢӣǻʵۣԺ
ɿ϶ͲˣǶ˵Ҳеŵ޷ֻҧһ˫ֱʮָš
ʿӣ߳һĨЦ⡣ͻȻһžӨӾ˳䣬ŵ̧ۣˮӯӯ
ҾǲίˣƬֵΪģŵҲԡ
ʹذָĨᣬôôޣӰűȥˣ˿Ӧóˡ
ˣţ
ŵһ𣿡
ţģֻҪһ͹ˣһᣬŨŨ㺡Բˣòã
һ˫۵գŵֹסᣬͷ
ȣŵѴõ֫ŸϸǻȸǺ֮ͻȻߡ
ŵƽСϣʶǰ˵Ҳ𣿡
ţŵҲ
ϢѾЩ۾ϡ
ŵıۣǰһƬڡЩȣֻоˣűϸϸܵϡ
ú
ŵۣŵһЩ̫ŵζü磬ʲôѽó
ȻԴյϵζ˱ǣԣŵ㰡ŵˡ
ŵȻһЦ۾䡣
ţʻصǰ£ɰѻ˱š
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ð°ҵĹýԱд
ʣһ¡˵ֿ꣬ʼŵоԼĶһᱻ
磬ôôϲѽСԴ㡣
ţϲʿסͷŶͷȵϢǼŵϲô
ŵҡͷ̫ϲ
˵ϲҲûãǱ˺һԼ߳ȥùΡ
½иף㲱ôӡӡ뵽ʲô´ȡһңŵϵôֲأóҲ࣬ҧʲôˡ
ŵվţ룬ѽóſɰȫ¶ҧһ顣أַ̧ŵǰţָ¡
ˣˣϴûɾ
ǰиŵڰдΡյĹĶ࣬ÿҪȻǰдꡣ
дüΪ棬ʷеӣ߿
Ů˰㷴ӦҲޣƫƫǰĿȥø죬ˡ
˵⣬ѾŹԼȥΪʲôüԼвúúΣҪȻԺҪô֡ŵ᲻Ҫ
ţǱһֻ߬ס۶۵ۡ
鷿⣬ԶԶı㿴ǰ滨԰ӰںһСŮ˵СŮδ빬ġ
߹ȥʱǹŮѾˣʣǹŮ˭
Ӱ𣺡֪
֪㻹˵Цģ˵ôõĻһ˫۽
ӰңǹŮ˵ġ˶٣µЩ˵ģƭ𣿡
һ⣬ŻƿƬֱ̺ͦ壬ֱ׳ûѾ͸Ǳҵģ͸ģ
ʲô𣿲𣿣
ɣ㻹ƭҡӰ
ǣƭ㣬ôˣҺôһأأʲôû͸ң㵹һѽѽʲôġ˵ţԾָϵϡ
ϲʲôӻ
ͷ𣬰ˣ
ϲʲôҸ򡣡Ӱظڰ׷档ǣҪһԼġ
ܣ㰮ҪҪ¹Ͼܾ
Ȱ˺þãӰվﻹûжﲻ֪ʲôӲӵˡ
ͻȻƼ֪ðվǰŻػ
òǰߣϦգӳľ̳һƬ졣
磬Ѿͷߵ̫ˣ˼࣬ʱ˶֪Ƽ֣صص
ӰΪȻֻðһСʲô˼˵ʲôɱƵġ
Ҳ꣬Դܸ칬ŮѾȥüˣôûдء
ٵȵȰɡ
ڵڰʱ򣬼ˡ
ϣܵǽ¡

ӰһԾ£䶨ǰôˣ
װӣôˣˣ˵ڷ¹ȱ㿴ӡ˵ţӯӯᣬɪɪǻ㣬ȫˡ
Ӱǰһֿʼţ˵ģҡ
˵ЩʲôãѾȥˣ㿴ôɣ̧Ĩᣬģġ
ӰҲû룬ֱ˵ȥ㣬Ȣ㡣
￪ļˣȴǿ޿ģҪȢһԸ޸أ˭֪ǸʲôˣŻ᲻Һã᲻ңӣŮһִ򲻹㡣
ᣬһáӰ̧֣Ҫᣬջ޴롣
ûмأҵñ޲С
ǵȿˣȢš
ҪĿѾﵽ͵͵һǣ˵˵ɣһÿòãòżޡ
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Ӱ½óһֻӣʽ򵥣ƽͷССĽ𻨣׺ʯС觱ʯ
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ƼվڰĬĬ͵Ƕˣֶճȭͷɵ磬Ǳ¸ˣǴԷԼ˵ȥģ
ǰΪʲôҪƸأƭƣƭɫƭ飿
ڶգƼֱ˵ظӰ˵ҪȢҲͬ⡣ҿ俴ߣ
Ӱվڹǽϣһ׼һֻɽʹС
㲻ֹ߰°ɣ⹬˭㿴ùߵģʳָ£ֻݡһмأºһҲ͸ˡ
ԣҶߣһʵ۲ãƫƫԼ˵Ů壬ǿҲߣ֪һεεӹ£¾͸ߣƵ׸ͷˡ㣬һģôô
Ƽ˵꣬Щָˡ
̳޲ġӰһ䡣
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죬̫̫ǽеԼ޵ĸ
ԹȥʼմЦ
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ˡ
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ǣǡ
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ˡ
޵ȥСáȾַ㣬Źڳλǰ۷죺ף̫̫д룬ӦǴİɡ
µѾѵδ빬裬ŵڵĹϣűڳԡ
ǰСѾѡ
ɱˣˮӻ۵ġһȰ
̫ˣҾͳһ룬˾ͲˡŵҨһ׷Ž˲
Ȱסüһҡȡ
ʱʴµ£ȰȰɣһʱѾң庮Ǿס㡣
ʿСϵĿմѣٿŵһһ׵ĿҨųԣֻ۾͵͵ֺֺЦĴѡ
ٳˡʱֺۡ˵ַԸ£Ժδ빬ÿֻһҡ
£ū澼סˡ
ŵԸˣվţ磬ваһ̫ˣԡ
С
ҲҾҪ룡ŵöšԼʣһ㶼ãҪԱ㶼˿ۡ
ﻹСŮ̫ڣֱ䣬ŵһڹŮ̫׷׹ء
һѿڼߣִСʱ򾭳ĵطǰߵ޷ǰɣ޽첻úʰ㣡
ңʣŵ̫СһҲûС
ƿᣣʽϣԼҲŸȥٽиԣ
汻úۣŵһţһָţʣȥ
ȥҸȥ
ŵ⣺ȥ


 29 


, ŵ΢΢ɢ羱һƬ˪ѩİ, Ļ΢ĺʿԽ, ָָĦ۵Ĵꡣ
, ôƵͳɤӺ
֮, ȵϢڼŵıǼ, ҡҡͷ, Ȼа
, ֽ̫ҽн˹̽һ˵ȷȷʵʵû⣬ŵùֽҽ, Ҳ˵û⡣
, һԡ
ŵ, ö۸һΣŮ֮۵֡, ô
ŵ￩һ£ƽʱҧҧпҲ, Ҫܾ, С
ˡ
ʰһӵСְͷһΡ
˵˲ǲŵżòУѩ׵Ϸ, ҲźˣϸĽëͲܶҺһ𣬱Ҳóԣִң۸ҡ˵ţġ
ҾͲϲˡ
һֹͣͣϸϸǣŵ۾ﺬˮģ˵ģ
ѧвˡ
ã۸㡣ЭޣвĻס
ŵͷšǲףΪʲôôϲһܵı飬ǳԡ
ҵıң㲻׼˿ҡء
ʼҧһ²ӵļһ룬ּۻҾ۸㡣
ߡŵһ˵
һʲŷſϦ£ɫ΢ڣ谵ĹУŵֿüֵˮΡ
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û֣ҲûˣƢᶨҲҪߣҪ㣡
ַͣ󾱣ŵ㿪㲻Ҫҵ˯Ѩ磬һԺòáҲ˺Լȫǻۣÿʱ򶼺ˣˡ
ֿһ˫ˮӯӯģᡣ
ϴڣȷʵоûô䡣ʴȡһذףʧҪ㣬ҡ
һ
ŵӹ𣺡á
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δ빬кüƫǶû뵽ʵۺͿһ
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磬ҪҪȥ¸ò˰ɡƼôˡ
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Ҳ²¡
ŵĲ룬︹̣粻ܲµõֻ˹ĳŲˣֺ˺һ˵ҪͶԶһһһ
㣬͵ǡŵ۾ģŲ̧ס졣
ʣҲ¶ˣ
ǣûУŵӴ顣
һü˵ʲô
ŵûڣвˣƽհԵģְһյܽظƹȥꡣ
ŵͣʱųԹ
Ϊ˵ԸˣԲûθڣô˵Ҳˡ
ȣ˯ʱ򣬼ŵԸʱԼ߶㣬Ҳһ˫ֳŽš
㲻ŬװͰ͵ġ
ÿС֣һֱ۾ְָĦСԸ¶ǲǣ
ŵҧ˵
ţʣָƵ۵ĴϣҧۣԼҧơ
ûأ顣ŵҧָҲẬһ¡¶ˣÿû磬ͬһԸ
˵С֪Լ¶ˡͷȥޱȰǡ
һ󣬼ŵˣҲǿȷҪ˯ֻƹȥһЩ˯գǳĺ
ҲޱԸʵ֣ŵһֱ벻
ǻص޵ŹϣһˤϵĲ豭յòߵͭȸǰĻƿɺӡ
·򿴵óÿСǼĵģκǰûеķĵĿĺϲãɻСǲˣҪƢ
·򲻶Сôˡ
ȥסС㣬ˣūۡ
ֲڵĴ֣ſȥ
ūţūСĹС㲻ģūţȡС㿪ġѾѪȻţøʹӵ˷ܡ
Ǵڣ˿ǵýת㲻ǸңѾ̫𣿡
·ۿ죬ƵգūСϲСܣūı⡣һţūСһء

Ƭ̺󣬺٣ǰӣӳһ⣬һһҡҡ졣
ϻ·һһİС㣬ū㣬ū㣬ūԸ⽫һж׸С㡭
֪˶ãһʱʱ
С㣬Ϊʲôȿ·Ƿϴ齡
СܹˣԼ
ʶδȫ£ضһӣ˵Ϣģҵ·
ϴ˵С˵Ҫɱ˵··һ衣
СΪѡ԰Сѡ񣬵ǵñС㡣
ʱֵֻ֪ģҵһԼ㲻ΪҪɱ˭ҲֻҪɱ㻹øұǰȥô
ɱŵ
ūˡ·
꣬С߶ˡ
ǡ·٣ۡ
ŵΰѼְԼȦ˻һ˫ıۣüͷ
磬ſҡΪʹСС
иӦ㣬ѣôˣ
ۡ
̽ŵҲоˣǿˮǰˣѽ
ţȥҽδ˵꣬ʱߡԼҲûע⵽½մѪ
ڵҹʳǷ񣬵ͷʱϵѪ
ȥŮҽ
ǡ¼Ѫ㿪ʼţ˵ŮҽҲҽлʵϵѪֻţǻʵҪҽ
̧ܣٶ̫ҽԺϡ
ʻصڵŵһˮŵȺȿˮ
ŵָ֣꣬ŶӸţͷϳ˱ȴģɫɷףȥšԼһҲ۵ս
һŮҽϾˡ
ŵѾ۵Ĳ˵ˣͼϢѿڣҲԱˡ


 30 


ҽŮҽͬ, ŮҽŮӷĲ֢ҩﳣҩҲͬ, ڰҽ, ûдżʱֹʹҩ, Ҫ¼ҩ, ˴ʱ
±ڵſڡ
, ʸŵιҩ, С¿, ҩֳֿ첻ϳԡ
һûʲôˣٿ۵һСɷףüͷţȲ, ٲҾӹ࣡

ŵ̧, һźÿֳ
ˡ
ԹſС, ˡ
ʵǿ࣬ǰȵκһҩࡣպȽ, ŵ˳
Լȣһȥʸ, Ũĺɫҩ֭Ū֡Ҳ, չȥһڣɤҲ᣺òãţ
ŵ񱻹ƻ, 𣺡á
Ȼӹһֶҩ룬һűӣȻۣڴڵࡣ꣬ˮڡ
Ҫ۽ŵ۾ᣬˮɵġÿࡣ
šʳȥá
Ƭ̺۽ˣŵСŵ۽ԣҩˮûôˣʹʹܡ
ûע⵽ŵԼѣһƬɫ
¡溰
֪뻽½ѣҸŪ
ŵ۾ʱôѪҪ´羹Ȼ˵Ū
磬ˣͺá
û˵ֱӹȥԡˮǰվŰϵ·õûУ
õˡŵ޳ָĽ⿪İۡ
ѩ׵ӣϸһյ֫ŵ߳ģǰûУֻɶ磬Ա
ãһĶڷ˹ϢѹúܵͣҪҪϴ
ǰǰ°ԡϴ뵽Īų⡣ְսﱧţҪκοҪκ
ŵ°ͿԼԡ
šףĥϢ£ķſ
ˮˣʱԺȫǷŰӨӨĻ档ŵ΢ıӰˣԼȷʵöܡ
ÿ΢׽һЩһױһͻд˵Ķ֣ʼܣɫĶ󣬶һܵıˡ
ŵס
֮ҲΪӴ·´Ȼ˯
ŵıҸţ磬ҪԺ󶼶ôþͺˡС°͡
һ߸ӣһ˵Ͷá
Ͳˣ
ʱǺġ
ţͰߣҪˡֻڴϣ˭Ҫ˭ͼȥ
ôԣôÿ϶ҶҪŵ˵С˶ÿǺŵġ
ǾͰСٶ
ôôѽᣡ
Ҳû˵Һá
ǺãŲᶪءŵ˫ֻӣһȶϣ˯ˡ
ʽ£һЩͷӡһǣ⡣ôöأֻԶҪ뿪Լ
һˣԼ裬ˡ
ʮÿԵĶɱ¾ɱɱûпŵˣвѪʮ꣬һղðȡɻ󣬼ǶЦ˵ϲһ˫۾˴⣬á
ڣߣĸоޱȵİůСͿģʵֲõˡ
һϣʶû˯һֱӡŵֻůůģ˯ˡ
գԺۡ
۲ۣʲ촽ߡ
ŵ˯죬˸ģֻۣһˡ
ʽһϵŷ¡

磬ôȥ糯ŵЩȣ۾ؿƽ첻ˣȴ˯ô
һ졣ʱС´ȥһϸ֫¶ʸŻ˯һ
˯һ˵ţСèһ
ҲŻ˯ȥ
ڵչһСӰˡ
Ҳ֪һ棬ڵϣȻһֱվԱߣҲ˵ˣָһƿҩ
¿תҪߣͻȻеҩˣҩƿ͹ӰĽ¡
ӰŲס
𣿻߻طĨҩҲһƽúܣڲǹӰķӦ
Ƣ÷
ûʧӰתֻˣȻһȥ
·߷ߵģǷߣҲ߲ģȶѾˡ
Ҫұ㻹Ǳ㣿Ӱʮƽ͡
³ſ˫֣
á
Ӱֱ۴µ䣬˱
Ϊŵһûȥϳ鴫̫̫Ķнʵҹҹδ빬ⲻòġߣĹŮ̫ҲһЩۡ
ֽ̫̫ǣߴϽ¡
˻ΪܶԭһŮ˶ģȻϲϣҲմȾһŮ˵塣ֻҪʺҩ˯һܰԼм֮׵Ůɱ˲ɣһãʺ֮λҲͲԶˡ
ߣŮŮ֮ζҲǲͬģʵڱδ빬λˣʵģͲϲɵǿˡ
֮ǰǱ˵ˣŮɱʱʶѣҩĲһҩһ㶶
ʱ̫ೣˣѸ˵󣬶
ʲôҲûпһյ²裬Ȼűȥˡȷ˶ߵһҩģ߳ҡ
ʱһ꣬ʱİϰϰŵѧ鷿ȥշ˵ȵԭ򣬹Ӽѧ£µʱٿѧҪϢ߶磬˳ȥɽ
ǰÿ죬̫ϻʱĸȥɽ羰ˣɽȪСϪˬǱʤء
ߵ鷿⣬㿴һյ裬ŵ֪Ǹ͵ģһ·Сܣֿۣùˮȡ
̡ѣɼŵѾˡ
̡ŵ򴽣ѿձӽЦŶԳ˵鷳ȥ絹һյˡ
ۿŵǱҩĲˡ
ͻȻ䣬ðһ뷨߹ȥڼŵ鷿ʱǰסˡ
ŵðأҵˡǵЦס
ŵ⣺ʲô
ǣ˼²ˣȥðɣԡ
ѾߵſˣȽȥ˵仰ٸȥȶֱߡ
˿ţ⣬⽹ִۣ࣬Ϻɿڣһңˬ͸
ţŵ汻ҲӿŲҪԵζ
ˬķ磬ȴڷأͷҲεġ
ߵ·ŵײˣһ̲ˮ㣬Ҫ·ҪҪʲô֪
ʹ˸ɫ·򽫼ŵ
ص޵ǿŴС糺죬ܵץļŵŵͱ˯ˣʻҪ𣿡

 31 


·վһʣС, Ҫūô
Ƭ̣˵ڴȶ, ðŵ͵һõĹȥȻȥһ̫, ʱȥ̫̫󡣡
С, ̫ôУ·Щʡ
ļֻ̫·һ, Ƕǲ·ŵ, ·, κһ̫඼ɾ
̫ô, ЩӡӾУûǻ㹻ˡ˵ְ꣬ʣµİƿҩ·Ҫץ̫Ҳҩ
·˳ȥˡ
õĹܶ࣬һѡ·Ѽŵź, ȥ̫, Ȼǿйҩ˹һ
̫ҩƬ̾ͷ, ǻһŻ, һɫ˶˹ȥ
ϤϤ, ŵоڳ, ʶţ磬硭
㽿ؽţ̫Խܲ, ԣ㣬ú㡣˵ţҵĽ
̫ษǼŵʱǸһѽ̫ƿ·ס̫ࡣǽŵ·⿪ŪЩӡӣȻٰѱѨ˵̫ڼŵϷš
̫ûմȾŵʿЩӡӾͻΪ̫׵ģҲٰŵˡ
ȥδ빬ʱּŵ˵ģȥĶҲûҵĪģһǿҵĲõԤУ󷢶ʹѰһ顣
űһ߿߹ȥƿĿһ̫ſڼŵϣƿ̫࣬ļŵñȻߡ
Ӱȥ̫ס
£̫δãӰʡ
ʱһ}}ۿ̫࣬ˣ̫໹δѹЦõ
Ӱ˵£Ǳҩ
ʣҪĻˡɤҲ亮ͷͻȻðһۣǲȵһ
ŵﱻţűӣȵòܡŤ£ֻѩ۵ֱ
ҹɫŮһ˫ʪķˮ⣬ؿʣСһ½Ҫ̽
һѽס󻹸ƼͰ¡
ŵȱֱֻ֡¹á
磬ŵܡĵ
ʽøЩŲҲӿ죬ﵽ绪绪ȥ
Ǵ̫̫ϵʱѾˣտյʲôҲûСǸϽ£ĸŵǱ´ˡ
̫̫˵һƴϡ
С¶첻ãҩ´ˣץҲϲϣĴ̫̫һһǹڵݵ۾˸
գǻûܺģǹһ̫̫ģ̫̫ץɹ˶֪ŵ̫ۣᴫȥ뿴ŵָ㡣
֪ΪֻϢŵܵ˺СһЩ
ŵԲ𣬶Բ𡣡ǵڵأ޳ҲǹҪģԲ𡣡
Һʧȥµĳ谮ŵģһõģ˻ʺһһɾһ¶õˡ
Ƿڵϳҭҭؿޣվһõ·ı
ص绪˱ˮʱ̤ȵˮУȻ·
ֻǰ۵ļϲźִۣĿҧＵʵ÷˾Ȼ˸ȾָգһҪ̫һƬһƬĸĻҩˣù
߿Ѽŵ·ŵرȥ
ŮŹӱס磬ҺܡԺĲѣֻʣгҲ
תŵһСմȾ죬ԭ峺ڱһˮң˿룬Һ롣
ʲôʴַƵüۣٵ޵ĺ촽Ħ߶硣Լһ˫Ƶûȡ
ںܿ󣬿ֲ֪ԼʲôʲôǺܡ
֪
ˣ֪㡣ͣ첽ŵرߡ
ŮӾеӣĲУվվסʰš
ϲ𣿡գĥŵ
ڣ±ȼŵҪ࣬ˮƺƵ˼ȡ
ԼĪһʱңʱżŵѾ˯ˡ
Ӱ̫һҹ̿ʳĽҲֻһ˳̫࣬˵ҹվſڱ㱻һµߣȻǿйһˮ֮Ͳǵˣֱѡ
ŵҲʹ˵ֻǵԼ鷿ſںһյ裬Ҳǵá
ʷҲǵá
ǱӼŵȵյˮ𡣡ʵ
Ƭ̺󣬳ǰ£ūģĲ衣ӦѽūҲûҪѽ
ߵˣŵù
ȥҲҶҩĳɷ֣ɲҶ˳ȥˣҲ޴ӲղĹ̫Ҳδ˽ȥ
¼ûڹѰһЩ쳣˿
һΣŵֻûȻ˯˯˰ǾӷһҲûУڴϣֻ۾ӡ
ȵˮɡ¶һˮ
ŵӹС뱭ˡ
ۺõòˣϢҲ֪֣ô˯һ컹û񡣡̫ѾɽˣҪҪߡ
ŵҡͷˡ
Сϸϸġ
ϣʻŵҲڴϡ
ôˣȥסС֣󡣡ǲ𣿡
ŵŴͷģţ֪ΪΣһҲûС
ͷûᣬɢţ룬ƫƫһС͸ź죬촽ҲʺӨ󣬵ʹĳǼΪģ
ŵ֪ΪλûȴΪˡ
ҹɲУſڴ»δȥͼֲסˣһˮ³ƣȥǼŵܣ۾ĶˡԼͣ˷ڳرţͷȥ
ʱܸоŵǿֵģһԡ
Ҳȡãʰʱʯ̳ɵĵˮһƬζҲܺãģϲ
Խŵһ춼Ҳ֣̫࣬ȻʧҪҪȥţ
ֻôһŵԵģ˵һûθڣһܶڡ
šŵ̧ӦӳŲȥϣһ˫ϸֱȦסӡˮӯӯ
㱧ҳȥ߲ŴŴ˳Ľëһһȡ
ҲУ˶Ϲš
ǹЦָǼһ£ãҵСȥԷս
Ժûм䣬ļ·ڣʴ£ʱ򣬼ŵʶĲһ£ͷҲе㷢ȡ
ŵʱʸеĲûԣֻССڵĺѩĺŸι˰ѵܽظ
쳣ֱųʧҲӦٹʮʹȥɽ
սȣʮҲԽѰڵıŵ˹±ߣСŮҲҪ˳ű裬ҡ
ŵϣҲһֻһ룬ССڵʡųԣбˮڵ֭ϹܹҲǽ
δ빬ŵðһŮĸ˴һ
֮ǰҩļƻʧܣôҲû뵽ʵ۲⣬Լŵˡǰһฮִµļƻø״ŹеĴ󳼸ʵʩѹҪѡһλʵĻʺ󣬶ʵ˱
ฮŮ̫̫ŮԸ磬Ҳˣׯ󷽡֧Ĵڶ࣬׷Ͻ顣̫̫Ҳһʵ˵һΣʱǾ棬͵͵ɫҲδκεĲˡ룬ʵԸġ
˻ʺҲԸɳŵһʼҪҲʲôĳ谮ֻҪʺλãϵȨѡ
Խգʵۣ֪ÿնδ빬ޣ浽ЩŻشȶֻΪ·ʡ
ƾֽ춼ҪˣŵҪߣһš
ǼܾųȻߵδ빬ǰµʱʡ
Ǽ¡Ƿ̷ɫɴȹ£ױ񵭵ģˡ
ʸŵңʧ˱Կ죬ֱԾǾˡ
ű¿ûпһۣı˲Ƥ첽׷ȥ
µȵȣлҪ˵࣬ЩĲӡ
Щãͣ˵
ǰǻһฮ׸˵Ҫʺ̫̫˵سҲдӡһ£̧ʣֻ֪ŵĻʺ֮λҲŵģǲ˿롣ϣ²ýЩĽϣҲҪΪ·ǡ
˵øϣһ˫۾ҲһƬʡ
庮۴ϣϸϸӣָ΢ϵıûһ˿һı仯
ص޵ָһ⣬˼ԼԸʺøײҪȰ˵ʵۣűӰʵС
ʿţɫûʲô
߿տյģŵѹƿڰǰ߹ȥѽ
磬ڿʲôѽԺţҲЩģ
еͻˣʱһӡ²ӣ˫ֽԼյ͸ȡ
ôˣмûꡣ˵ţһڣ˵㺹ģԽ
ŵС˲ؿڣˮмίǿյľˡ
ͻȻ꣬СֻסˣμȢ˻ʺ󣬾Ҳˡ
ͷŶͷɤЩƣᣬֻζѣζ෴ġ
ŵͷһôãôϲǲȢʺ󣬲᲻ġһȥ˯ˡ˵ţȥ
ʴְסˣҿ꣬һ˯
áŵһӣһۡ
ϵĶ£Ͻǡŵ̫ſűۣſϺǳǳ˯ˡ
żŵ˵ĵطҵڳеĸҲսȹ̣Ȣ˭ʺ 
ϡԶ̫ﴫܽУݴԼмֻөǵĹ⡣
ԼõʱѾӣ»ûӰüȥѰ¡߳ͤӣ±һյƣССӳ߹
ָʲôˣ·¹ƣȹڳϡ
ôôӰվǰѾǵһγٵˣ֮ǰ˵οƳһҲ˵ӣһôô
ǵһζ԰˵ػҲˣһЩҹģҪôã
ȷʵǹġ
Ȳ߰ûзҪȣ´βҪ˸ãӰ۵Ը񣬰ǰ˵Ҳӵ
Ӱһ¾ͻˣǰһ۾Ҳ᣺ǣֻǵ㡣´㲻Ҫ˺òã
²мһˣҶأңҪȥˡ
Ӱ½óһһӡڵСͨ͸䲻ǼֵǣҲƷ
½ӹߡʵҲ֪ӰڱСŮǰǶƼãҲʱɫֻǰӰôۡǴһĸ档
͵͵ϲЦ⣬Ȼͷ
Դǰ˵һʱδ빬浽ÿγʣҲǷиһ˵һŵʲôʵǳϵפƬ̣˵ʱ˵Ҳ䡣
ŵԺĲȴЩӦټڹŮǰڳʵȢΪĴԣԽǲ˳ˡ
գƽʱʱ䶼δ빬ˣϵķ˶Ҳûл
ŵڹϣԱ߹Ůһѵݹһ߳һ߷Ը£ȥ鷿ʲôЩ˵Һöö
ţūȥ´
Ȱߵ鷿ſڵʱ򣬱㿴棬˲˹ģϻʳС
︹ֺ̣ģĻʺ֮λҲŲҪóѣ
˵Ż²ýȥֻţϦббģյȣߵһ߳¶⡣
Ƭ̺˳ˣ˳ȣȻǽ·̫ǣһǵ֣һ˦ˡ
¶תǣԶĵĸ
һ̫ྐྵȻӵ֣һ⣬øȥţɫ
ʱ򣬲ŷǰ˲ˣתߣͻȻðһ˽ס
·򣿡Žг
·ˣҺСʲô
º󱳵ϣ˲ˣһ˵ǿԸ˵Сδ빬ƣС㲻ûδ빬𡣵ߵ̫ˣҲôУһֱ׷ǡ
·İиȥɣһתС㡣
£ţãлл·򹫹ˡ
ȥ·ϣ²ŷַǸطǹһΪƫƧķľïʢ޼̳ҲӲݴԽľòԣʲôˣѾ֣

 32 


ȥ鷿Ϊ˺ȥɽܴ, ˵ŵ, ˺ðҲû, ĲҲһڶûгԡ
ﲻ, ȥĹĥ˰һͨ, ٻص޵ó޳·, ûѪ, ·Ѫűõزࡣ
, ·ǱʢˮԡͰ
·˵Ҫɱǣة̫̫࣬󡣡ʣһ˫˿
·վԡͰߣ˫̧ǰĦ̫ѨС㣬ūȥɱǡ
ҡͷ, ʹ, Ҫһ, Ľĥ, ʹȥ
ֻοĸ׵ֲ꣬һ˿˿ܵ˺
Ҫʺ, ӵȨһһ, ʰǡ
ڶա
ȵ̫ɽŵŴӵڳһĹ, ·Ǽʼðϸ
СŮߣͣҡȡ
ȣŵȻԸԧٽˮȹտ첽߹Ϧĵطź«ڳҨˮȻߵ£ˮڻ
Щ糤ãѾǣܳҶïʢ͵һƬŵﻶϲС֣İҶ˵ԧ٣ԧ٣Ҫտѽ
Ůȵ÷ΣͷͱǼбһϸ
´žСˣء
ûˣŵϵЦ̧ߡ߱߷Ը£ȥһЩ֦
֦ϡˮִ𣬷ʱöϱģûж٣Ҫǳԣﲻ̫ȥõʱҲõ٣Ƕӡ
ŵڰǰ֦СŮһ԰Ƥ
𣿡ŵǣԼ֦۵ζ
ٳԵⲻʮڶγԣϸϸƷζȻͷ𡣡
˵Ǵϱģ֦ȫδ빬أҪϲߵʱð¸װһЩ˵꣬ŵԼһιߡԡ
캬סʱﵹǱ֦Ҫ𣬿żŵԵЦգ֮ǰвõʧˡ
վһߵİҧƺ˵ȫѾûˡ
ţû𣿡ŵɣǵӦûеѽ
£ȷʵûˣһЩˣ
ŵСЩʧ䣬Щ˼ܱǸĶ˵˵컹ᵽһЩ˸͵ȶ
ǣţáҲЩ֦
ųţϵ֦ˣӳԡ
ǵ˵ձҪȥɽҸ飬ҲҪȥʱ
ŵЩΪѣΪ˵˾ȥ˵ġǶ˵ˣ԰ɡ
ţҸ˵˵
ŵáᱧ
˶Ѷ˵ҪȢΪĴѾķзˣǿߵŮδ빬Ĺ̫ǲҽɿǰһĻǲǣһױһףĻŮ
ߵʱ򣬼ŵ¸һЩѺᣬȲ֦Ҳܺóԡ
½ʳеݸ·򣬳תߡ
ȵȡǽ˺ס
»ͷ糣С㻹ʲôԸ𣿡
ǻǲһ˿ߣǰһСʣ㣬Һ
»˰벽С㣬²ûС
ֻҪźŵɣ㲻ùҲܲˣҪܣֻСסᣬȴ档
Ҳóǣ¼סˡ
ٻصºҪЩԸ߼ŵҧҧȥ
ϣʻصδ빬
˽ŵЬӶûü㳯ܹȥ˸б裬Ųڵذ߳˿˿⡣
ôˣô飿ЩܳƽڹϣĶûһ㡣ȴܹ
ŵ䣬Ьϲȣ̧סϸ̶֫Ȼ̧ߡ
ŵһ˫౧סʵ̧ͷ۾䣺ȥɽܴܲǰڹҲȵġ
Сʾܾ鷿ûͬ⣬û뵽ŵ顣
ŵСϵЦһ¾ûˣΪʲôѽȥɡһֲ
ʣ֮ǰ˵ȥġ
ŵС°ͣҪ˵ʲôʱͷҧǼСÿϳûкúȥɽˡ
硣ü
˵˲оǲСҲûá
ŵԴҧԼ䣬ŴߣСҲҪˣ˵ţܿȥڵˡ
ϻŷʢţʣù𣿡
´𣺡ر£ȱµȵʵǶˣѾùרΪ׼ġ
˰ɡһθҲޡ
ϴú齣ӺӵסŵΪҲҪ֣
ƬҲûеȵŵĻش
𣿡һЩ᣺Ҫ㣿
ŵһ˵Ҫ˯ˣȥһЩ
˯
ҪҪҰ࣬Ūģȡŵתһ˫ϸѩùĹĵġ
ÿҪæҪȫ¶ҧһ飬ֺͷָŹЩˡ
׽סһ˫ҶС֣Щôϲǣ
ŵѽʶõĺýãҵȻϲ
Һأϲ˭İżŵ΢
֪ŵϸ⡣
ʴսһ㣬׷ʣҺͬʱΣգֻܾһһѡ˭
书ôãԼȥǰǻõҡ
ʵⶼЩʲô
Ҳ˯ҪȥƫҪȥŵҸ磬ѡ
ûĻشɬɬģһ㽫ȥߵ㣡
ŵſңҽˡ
аɣϲС˵ţӰȥ
֮ǽˣǽеˣʶ㱵̡һҩʲôҲǵãȴŵġ
ű̧𣬼ŵˡ
֪ʲôȴһּĸоһҡҷĻ÷һԻоӿ
󣬼ŵԺģֱ˯ˡľĵظȻٻµĵӡ
ڶոŵûѣʾͱȻһ·ʻ
ŵʱѾ磬ռܴС齣аű裬Ǻȡϵĺλδ꣬Ҳ
С齱ߣһѸŵƫȥԡ
ʲôʱģʲôʱʣơ̧ƿӿ棬ʱѾ˾ǡ
ֱҲĻ
ʱǰ硣ʰǿѷŵԼˡ
ôĻ컹δǾͳˣŵɣΪʲôôһûȥĸǸأһȥҪһܻ֮
鵭Ҳ⣺һЩûôȡ
ҪҪͳʳ
ŵǹôģҧŴ
һһŵĳѣŵǰӣȥáȴֹˡ
ʲôŵһۣż˿һҲףҲġ
ʰԼŰõһѷŵԼǰ滹һҡһֱڱϵģð˿˿Ƶ
ϲʳŵ
Щʲݹȥ
ԼĪߵľ룬ŵӳŲȥ˳ư˱ĸζĸоϮһ˲ŵӶһ¡
Ҳ⣬СҨѳԣһңѳŲôˣĿζϼŵ⡣
ʿԹɵģС̬δֱٿսϣƵʣҹ𣿡
ŵСţ¶ģֵĸоҲġ
磬ʲôΪʲôĸо֪ʲô
䣬˹|㡣
ŵ⣺ǰǶûźѽ
ֻܶ|򡣡ҧһ£סô
ŵͷţŵסˡСѾտյˣʣ磬һҪԣٸҰ
һ±ſǹǳЦá
һʸòã
áŵ߳Ա˵ˡ
ǸϲǣǸϲ磿
ŵ˵ˡ
ʹʴżŵȥɽ̫̫һ̫࣬ȥ֪ͨӣȥɽ


 33 


ɽԺԶ, ӾǳԼյճ̣һ·ʻÿ, հ㵽ɽµɽ
ڶ, кͯӵ, С, ŵƿһ㴰, ʮﳤ, ־, ƻ峺Щˡ
磬סһȥɽԺòãŵջأʡ
ͻȻһ죬ֱȥ, ԭְӱСڴ, Բתš
û
תһ, ʲôѽ
ݡ
ʿŵһ棬ǰ˵, ϫӲӦЪϢҪ
һҿջ, Ȼٳȥ
ʽһ˵·ڼŵǰ, 
ŵСǣ˿С죺ôʵ³ȥҪ̧ͷ, Цǳǳ磬ðŵѽ
˵ôء
ôû̧ѩ컻
ŮڵǴһѩ¶羱Ƕ棬һƬ˪ѩһɴӯ͸ĵ֫ϸ
ȥж˵ۣñ˿һ۶С
ŵСֳӣίͰ͵һ˫ǲ뻻
ֱӶֽѣָŻŻ˫࣬ͷ˱
ӡˡŵЩڣѲ
š
ʴúɻûغȣѩЩӡ
ú󣬼ŵվͭǰȻʵʵֱ۶סȫֻ¶һͷ
ţҲûеȣΪԭȾҪ鲻٣ŵװúʣ䲻ȡҲװӰǺ档
Ҳаţǰȫ
һγϹ䣬ŵֻСӰ㣬̯λ̯ܵλ̯λ϶ЩСĿƷƻŸƯ
һ֧ҡʯգƯúܣ̯λϰֱ佱ŵ۹ãֿÿΣٿⲽҡɲʲôٻǳĹʦ֣֮ɣԭϽ󣬰һѡ
ŵһסơ̯Ǯ
ֱ̯˸֣һ
ŵҲҪˡ
üİͶˣӰԶһƽ
ŵתǮ
ʺһЦЦۿЦʲôôأ
ŵһۣǮأһ˫Сֻš
ʱŪ׽סС֣üûд
ô죿
ŵֿӰͰ£˶ҡҡͷʾûǮ
ĺϲ
ŵʹĵͷʽһøӰȥ̻ǮƬ̺Ӱŵ̯һֽǮһֽ
ŵһӵǮٶһĪһĿС
֮֮ŵһһСӰ˫ֶ಻ˡ
Ͽûˡ
ŵڳǺ«ĹĵĽţǻմ֭һ£Цеģ磬ﲻкܶܶǮ𣿡
Ůһʻı飬﷢
ЦСﾹŹǮǣŵҪҲԸ
ŵﻹģǮǮ׼Ͼʹظʱǰ洫һζ
һС¯Ӽ˿ţ⣬⣬кöԼ߲ˡ
ĸ˹ȥСòؽ˵ݹǶˣŵһСڲ˵ϻȦķݱˮ
Ƭ̺󣬲½½
ԱǱؿջȥߵʯϵʱСܹһߵؽӻʣȻܿˡ
ŵͷܿĹɶҲͷˣ۾ڿʣ˵۾Ц𡣼ŵɵʣΪʲôֻ㣬ң
ʱ뽫ӵģŵʣŵǼţ˵СͻϲҾϲң㰡
ŵ顣
ŵһĻһƲˣ˵ţѻݺڵϣһš
ʿӣǹЦ⡣
ŵˣȥһ·϶ʣһǰ棬ǣҲص˦
ջ䡣
ŵԼ·ߣסȥĶ
ȥС¿һ䷿䣬һˡСһģ
ʶ˵ֱӱŵڴϣԼ齱ߡϲңû˵ϲǡ
ŵ֪ͻϲ㣬㻹ţţ
һĨЦ⣬̧Ħأû뵽ô󡣡
ŵһԺ㲻ܶң
á
УԺ˭Ҫϲ㣬Ͱߣٳǰŵ䣬С°ţװͰ͵ġ
ϵЦˣᣬǼôԵС㡣
ԣôԵŵа˵ȻסЦˣЦᣬ庮Ҳˣ
üĥ˹Ц͸ӵĺÿˡȥֻסЦſ۾ģ磬ÿ
ÿкܶϲġ
Щ⶯׾Ҫ䡣
ŵƿϸ׵ָʱʣ磬ôӲأ
ôϲ촽¿Ʋסˣҧʱֺۣ˵ˡ
ȥ϶ƲסģԿŲ
ŵƣһЩ㡣
ûӦŵ̧°ͣĴʵĴĦ£Ȼֺ˱
ʴŮģһĿüҪð˿̣סݺݵǻȥɻǿû΢΢
Ƭ̺󣬼ŵſ磬㴽ѽ۾Цţģ𣿡
Ϣƣ㺵ɤֵƣûС
ŵƫͷ¶ۿǱ˱ЩĴôôٳ
ȥϸϸƷ
ģЩη
׵ֻסȻ̰Եš
һŵַſСġ
磬㶶ʲôž͸ܵˣ촽΢Ҳڶ̧ͷһ㺹Ҳú졣
ûʲô£סŵϲ𣿡
ϲѽŵΪýָо˵¡
磬𣿡ʡ
ŴڻζŵζûСַſͷżŵͷţ
ִżŵ֣磬ţ
ŵţ˵ӦңԺŮô룬ֵУСһס
ţɤɳƼѷãҴӦ㡣
ŵЦˣİ
ڶʱɽԺشϿȣԺ佨ɽ£ģϪˮ͸ƢżֻУתöУĶ
ɽԺڻʼұԷµùôһŮڴſڡһ˹׷׹££
šǣżŵߡ
ʱӭһ۶ȹŮ۽üϲЦһ˫ЦֻװʣƲˣ˲Žӵ۽ޣǷ񣺡ܼ¡
̧ͷ˵ЩȰΰּˡ
ܿǣżŵ֣ҲûһЦ
ŵǰ˵Ůӣ̧ʡֻɫûʲô޲ʶ㡣
ϵЦ⽩סˣڽͣ£ô᲻ʶūأǰݡ
ͷ亮۷ɨùãùûǰѰܳһߣȻŰܹ


 34 


𣿡, ùãҪ֪𰸡ҺǱһȥ, кö˰ɱ, ֪, Ϊ˱ҲŰ͵ɽԺ, ɷűȴ˵ʶˡ
, 
ùȰ㲻ǸСѾ, ôܼǵ㡣˵, ģ󱳣ûǸͲҪ̰ͼǿֻẦԼ
ܸʱ򲻹Сù, ùú۰
, ûҪ̰ͼʲô, ֻϲ£ֻǵϲѡʮ, ĶǱ£ʲô, ֻҪ¼ǵ, һŮͺá
Ժı¸Ǽŵסģ·Ӳȵü졣
ʸ, ſڵʱ򣬷һϣŮߣ档
̧ţŵ
㷴ӦҲޡ
ˣҲȥ
ŵϸϸĶŲԶѾˡƬ̣ߵ졣
ߣҲ㡣㻹Ǹľ˺úɰɣŵСϣ˳ְͷӡ
ң¡
ǰµŵš
ºżСŮǰ̣ŵġߵСǰڷźúֶȥˡ
ЩĵģȥŰɡȥŵڣ˲˵߲˶ǴӺԺժģϺҲҿϪ̵ģʵúء
ŵŲϿһۣ˻ðŰζƮ
߰ɡ
ŵŹȥˣһ߳Բһ˵ŮźÿȹӣҲĴͶ˵Щ˵һźƬŽҧô죬ǰʶĪǶݲصĽ
ãȻǣ
һͰˣҲû½ͣô¶ءµ
ˣûθڡŵԽԽһ˿ӡ
ºһȰҲãֻܽ˽ߡЩСŮһ㱻˳ˡ
꣬ˮڴ֣ö죬ҲϴӵˬŵſСϹСӣ˯
֪˯˶ãԺУ߶ϤϤģһְֻƿˡ
һʣ˸
С𣿡
ŵ۾ţ
أ
Ƭ̣ûӣֱӰ˱żŵСţĲ֪˭ˡ
ϵ㰡û𣿣˵㣡ŵԼֵ֣ǲǰʲôȻ˼ҡ
ӰȥʹˣǹϳʱչСŮΪɱԭ򣬱㱻½ˡߵҲǲ֪ģǵʱģûϡ
СŮȴˣ˵Ϊ˱İ͵ɽ
ԩʲô֪Ҳû
ûе£ǲţǹŮйʵ黹ǵ˵ȽϺãŵҲŷ
ˣҲͻúóԷˡ
ð
ܱнһʡҲû˵һţ㬵سųִʮ龹ȻһᡣᣬǼٵģʮĸһһϦܰγģﻹһ˿˿
ҲųŴϡ
ˣʡ
ŵͷЦؿ޵Ĵ򴽽ǣ˵磬ҶˣС⽡
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ŵһϢ˼ȣϢֹȵϢƵС̡ۿġ
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ļһ£ŵʶûãʱøˣҲһ
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Ҳоı仯һ̲ˮļŵ§űϣƵǣʲôо
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ŵԴκģڣ֪
Ĳ֪δйĸоҪܣȴֲòСġ
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벻Ҫź㣿ܳһ
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֮Ͳܿˡ
ʱΪԼƵļãûöɷſŵżţ١˵ҧˣԺ󲻸ˡ
һ˫ˮ뵣ֿɿ̬ʻһͨ۵δ֪㣬ֻ˱£ź
ԼĪʱʰòųȥŵС⽡
ŵɫӣԼˣòԼˣһָо֧ţԺĳ硣
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ţÿһ㣬ԡ
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źʺӰȥˡ
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ŵΧϣ˫ſΧšˮŵͻȻҹŪˮֺˣҲ񽬺һΡ
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վ󣬺ɵúܣ˱ŤƵģһ仰˵Ҳûһۣôˡ
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ŵˣתҪɾתʱ۽ƳһĨɫŲס
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ߣŵתط䡣
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š
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ŵҪͷס۾𿴡
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ŮҲ۶۹ġ
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ŵ䵭룬᲻ϲԼˡ
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±ͻȻһһǿؿڣˡ
ŵԱߣ˵յķգ˵һɾͼٲ룬һǱգɲ־ܣ£˵ǲˣҪҪеŮҽѽ
ֱҡͷһЦеؿԼҿⲡҶ֪Ůҽ
ﰵϲǿѽŮѽ
ŵɡ
°еĻøŵƣϸϸָ㣺ôⲻǲϲһ˲Żеĸо
ǰҲϲ磬Ϊʲôǰûأ
½ǰǶԸϲŮ֮ϲȻһ
ŵһЩЩ
ָо㲻Ҫų飬ͻ鵽ĸо˵úԼһʵҲȷȷʵʵˡ
Ӱָо˵
ʱǰԺ˱ཻĴǰԺŵ̧æ߳ȥ


 35 


ֻʺӰ, һڰһȺĺ˴ţм˵ʬ塣
硣ŵŵĽһ
ʿͬʱ, Ҳ˼ŵ, ųͳŵ, ǧһ֮, ʷɹ浲ס, Ȼһֽŵڻ, š
ͷʵؿ, ǰһƬڣֻʹĲҽ
֪˶ãֹͣʣ´ĺĶӡʽ˷ſַǵʣû˵
ŵδ, һ˫ۻȻ, 㶵ҡͷ
أûˣع, Сϸ鿴
ʿŵԼ, ǳǳЦ⣬׽סС, ûˡ𡣡
ŵ۾ﲻ֪ʲôʱ, ޷ȭͷؿ£ְ˽ס
, ŵִ̧սϸ˿̲ǳᡣ
ʱŵƳǰݶһˣͻȻһֻ룬ת˸ʷּʱһ㿪
ʧ߶ӣӰǰ׷ȥ
ʴһۣɫŭץסŵ˷䡣Ĺϣ㳵ͳ⣺㷽ʲô
طſŵ
ŵɬɬģҲ֪ǿǼɹʶľҪס
֪ؿûз֣мˣ֪֪
һǼ˶أˣ
һͨҲմȾŭˡ
ŵͻȻᣬ۽һžӨᣬ̧ĨǿִֵؿҵȻֻ֪ǲˡ
ЦϢװĶô书ҪôҪүڵǲǣ
ֱ̧֣صͷҪѡ
ŵŵۣһͷϵҲûֻۣѾ߿ˣ
վһ߹ȥСᳶ磬ˡ
´βˡ
ʳС֣ǲ
ŵˣͷɬ᲻µſǻ˵˵Բ磬ŵˡ
һϴһĨᡣ
һϢתͻȻ£ͷȥԺҲˡսҪԼɤ΢΢ŵ֪֪ʤ
ŵӦš
ʱúýý촭磬Ҷܺˡ
ɿһЩ
ŵ̧۽ޣŭѾˣȡ֮ǶĽźۡţһ˫ֱۻסʪĺ촽ʵĴ
Լ˱˼£ʱ㷴Ϊ̽룬
ŵֻý鸡ԴҲԽΡĿֻϸС컵ҲĸоԼ
ֱ˿첻ܺµʲͣ£ȴĥǡ
磬ϲ㡣ŵؿ΢΢
˱ɤţ֪
ŵƿһЩЩǰϲˡ
ϲ
ִԼĿڣˮɵֱ˵Ů֮ϲϲ
޷ѹֵһ´棬ţ֪ˡһϢֿסͷȥ
ϲͰ÷衣
Сڿˡ
úһǽ
ʱˮһļŵŵϣȥ
ڣŵʶ룬У˵۸һ¡ŵˣŲӿ
۵ģŲҪ
ȴղסˣֻ
ŵʣǳ⣬ǰ¾ˣڶѾþúþˡֺۣüղѣĵȴĵòС
֪ʲôϲ㲻˺ͨҲˣҲȻˡ
峿ŵʻ
ʻۣŵӣСĶ䣬ָᲦѻһϸܵĳޣ硣
˻ǲӣ
ɲѡ
ŵſϣҪҧǼһڣѡº͵ĳ΢ɴ͸ʰ˯ϣü۵Ƿ壬ٵ촽򢣬ÿһյþ
Ǻÿѽ᲻ˣŴһ¡
С¹ײ
ͻȻһֱûѵͻȻѹ¡
װ˯ƭӡŵ°ͣģ峺ȴʢЦ⣬ۡ
šȻô͵ңŵơ
ŵߵСһ죬غһ۲ˣֳԴ׽סС֣ɿ
޵С¶ʿһ˫Сͷʮָ۽̺콿۵Ĵ˵׻
ҪҪˡ¼˻ЦҵģùãЩСûȼŵ˵꣬һ˫㺵һӡüġ
͵ܣҲСղס
ˣƿ
ŵոЩԴֵƤϸϸܵһ˱̽
ҪҪ׻ŴŴβ磿С½
Ů⹴ˣﷺˣˣˡһҪסݺһ٣۸۸
ǿ̣齡
ŵߡ
磬ϲ𣿡ؿǵĹ⡣
û뵽⣬΢һüβЦЦһ㡣
ŵǳôһ㰡Ҷôô࣬ƽ
ô˵Ｋģɻװı飬ţǲƽ
ܶһЩôࣿŵļ־ί磿
֡
֣ŵ룬Ҫԣá
Ǻðɡġ
˵ҲûǰӱļµĻҸУڷܣȷʵԭϲһ˵ĸоá
ùźʺӰԺʯ϶ġԺùСŮֵĻݽˮ
£˵һ˸ϲԼժһ仱ָţǿɾĴʯͷȥ
Сķţ˵ĿǱ£
šŵͷ
ū澿ţѾϲϲˣ֣Ѿˣûиˡ
ԣ˵ģֻһϲҡ¶ʧᴹ³ޡ
¿ŵɵ¸òƭİɡ
ᣬ粻ƭҡְԼ뵽Ĺ˵ˣʰ»ûʲô
죬Ҳû
ҾӦȥʸרҵˣرϲģÿ˶ϲŮˡţ磬ǣֵطŮˡ
ŵüͷְ
¥ĻѽǺöö˶ϲԵһ£´սŵߣССп̫ʲôǶһͼᣬһֶѧˣ֤¸ϲ㡣
ŵֽкãʯͷǿȥ
š
ԶĵʱȥֻŮȹСܣεЦȻʻ鶯ģҲŹǳЦ                        
лҪ˵죬ͬ죬ˣˡ

 36 


Щ޵Ļڼŵǰ, Դըһ㣬Ѫӿ, С쵽˶, ȡ
շҳĲӺ, ŵҵ߿
ֲĸ˵Ů֮۸, ǸȲϵĻҪһЩ, һЩ, ҪССĵطȥ϶۵ѽ
, ŵ·𶼸оۣüҧԲͬ۸ģɰȴ˵ϲ顣
ҲУ
һЩ
ŵܿԭΪһҳĻ棬ϻźŮˣͶźʱһġȻͶ, ߡ
ŵһ, Ҫ졣
, ǻȥ¥𣿡¸һ, ᣬһĹǵĻ, ݶ, ʢԶΪɽԹԽ١
ŵú棬Ĺ
ȥҲȥ̷ֽŲϵЩʡ
£ȫ, Ů֮ദ˵ʵҲӣ˵ʾЩ鷳ء
ٿɣ⼸첻ȥŵڻء
˵죬ŵʰģñҲףֶС
ϣʴ§ĥϣô˭ˣ
ŵתҪȴ˵ڣֻֻ۾һ
һ˫ֺҵĴèƵβˣһְץסѹ£һ˫ȵ۶Өĺ촽
սЩõͳƵɤƵϢĴϢ䣺ŵҪס
Ѿûˣúܡ
ŵѩĹĵģҲҪ
˵ҪҺҪ󶼲㡣ĥѩ׵ϡôϲ㣬ţ
ŵһ±˻˵ҲϲˣǻҲ۸ҡ
ɻ󣺡
ͣŵСòУҲȣһҧ˵źҡ
ˣ̵ֱָֺ̧ĦǣƵ㲻Ҳܣô
ŵˣ̧סԼ۾
һϢȵıŵֽŲõɺܿˣСݣŵһ컻þ
ҲǲһͱǵֽǣԺģֱȥ
ŵ
ŵһ±˲٣ᶨܾɤȴģСźεӡ۵ġ
̵÷죬ġ
ŵҡͷСְý
ʡ˻һ
һʱʰɾ°ŵֱ̧ۣûǰ¾Ͷ¿ˮʱ
ϸϸܵǣŵССģĺۣ֣Ҫ˯ˡ
ʲôʱſԣɤƵġ
ŵۣ˵ˡ
ȴСһ׷ŵʱô
ҪôһصģԺͺˡ
տô
أ
ŵ˯ˣֳ˲ϿЩ棬ʵʶУ׺񱻷̵š
źһŵӳ˺ʪʪġûѣֻΪΣʽˮˮ
ϲܵӣϲܼޱȵĿ֡
գùźʱӰȥȥˣ²֪ӵ·
͵͵ܳȥôŵüڸ·
͵͵ȥôȥ»ͬȥȥֵط
ŵʼվòã֪ˣ˵ġ
ᣬǸ֮ǰ˵ȥɽҰȥˡߵһߣСӣҰҶ׼ˡſڵСŮҲԸȥˣǱҲ˵ںɽҰˡɽô󣬱¾Ҳҵ
һ̿ô죿ŵŰ£峺Щ޴Ȼ
ʵССҳȥ
¿ŵĺ£˵Ϻӣüëһ㣬ûʶǡ
󣬼ŵ׳ŵӣŰµֳɽԺ
˶ʮ׵ľ룬תһţ·żŵŵһСͭϸָǵĺٰ˰ֿüë˪ѩ׵ϻǵӡ
ֳġ
ſţŵúЦһ߼ٺһǡæѹסעһ㣬Ӳܵˡ
֪ĽǾȥ飬԰ѿóԼҲ
ʻһ·͸ˡ
ӣһƬߺǺ«ģпˣֽкõģ˵ģ̯Ϊ̵ˮһƬо֮
ͣͣƿӣ̽ͷ˼ĳöͭǮȥǿ
ʶԣĿڣιӣ򴮶Ǻ«
õġ
Ǻ«ϲǰǮϲһǺ«
֮ûͣһ·ſڡС¥ܷɽǣи


 37 


, µ洺ӭʮŮ, ġẬģλ롣
żŵ, Խ԰С, Сͤ, ²ͬ, , Ÿ֮
º, Ůյ衣ɫСƮˮУ뵻㡣
λӿԼõĹ̵ϸλݺͽСģЦΪǮҲš
£ֻҪ
̺Ȳֶһ£ЦǼĿ˶ŵ¸, ֪λ˭ȥ̽һ
ûԤԼ´
ǿɲ, Ҫд¼, ¸ɡ̷²յλĹҲò绨÷, öλ⡣
ŵ£һĨʧ䡣, ½˽С, ȻóһƱŵϡ

𣿡ʡ
һǧǴֱʡϽϵЦˣǹ, ֻĲҪǮҪŵģȥˣ¸˲
ΪΪѵӡ
»ҪټǮŵ̵С̣Űؼӳɤˡ˵꣬Ǳߡ
ȵȣȵȡסǣǻһ취
һӵϢʱ䣬ǣֻȥһ
󣬼ŵһ¥¥µ
Ŵ򿪣һζǱߵ㣬лǵá
ӡһŮᱡȵĹŵֱۣǰӶСߡ
ŵǲϰߣӡ
ֻΪǺߣȼŵºֱ˼ŵϣһ˫ϸ§סĲ
ѽŵȥûûεᣬһҲá
ǲʲôȥԱߵСơ
ӣһϸָһյʢƵҹⱭݵŵߡ
ҲȾơŵСһξƶûմ
䣺ӣǹƣǲȾƵҲԺȵģҲˣ෴ڸ֭һ㡣
ŵӹҹⱭӨ͸ľ֭ɫģƮһŨ۵ζ
ӳѾƵζá˵ţһԼеľơ
ŵŵߣ̽СζȻṴ𣬺һСڡ
ǰĹʵǸŮˣѾˣȻüëȸߣ˼ٺӣҲװֻ˫۾峺۲ת価СŮ崿£ǿװ½С˺ǰԼԼǽεε
һڣŵͷεģ˫ֳŷ췢̵С޷ۿ䣬㳤ú
ݺطŮӵĲͬ䣬ɫһȻ
ˣһ̬ԱֳļٺӣŮװֻؽΪ£
ŵӯӯһЦգգʶˣţͽ̣ϲ
˯𣿡ϸʡ
롣
Ǳ˯ɡ
ŵſϣˡ
ߵſڣԸŮȥˮϴһһŽ޵Сչǰװ£ɫµ£ôĴ󣬸ϸϸ̵̡
һɶõ˶
崿СģӦûǸ
ȥ̣ϸϸŵһϻֳЦ⣬žЦǸʲôӣүǮˡ
ѾܾûµĹˣСҲʮˣ۵ˮĿ˶һҲûУһҹ׬ôһʡ
̣ҷֵģ׬Ǯһ롣
ǲǮ׬ͺãҲżң˵úúãһһ룬һ룬һ롣
Цúϲ£
ʵﻹһС̣˵СǣȰͷƻ㲻ˡ
ǼﱧȥԱߵĿշ˯ٺúϴװ硣̷ԸͻȻ뵽¥»һ˵¥µǸ˹
ǡ
Ůżŵţϡ
ӭһεĹӣ°׳ۣȻΣᣬɢһʡ
һŮΪƶΡ
ľ룬Ӱ˽סȵȡ
Ůһ໥һۣͷߡ
εŮ̧֣ĳ޵һŮĲӡ˷¡
̿һĻæǰϵһȻϹϾصӣҪ͵ķȥ𣿡
΢΢ס
֪Ң˾ͽ˵ȳȥ
ӡŮӿΣգ߱ȽϺá˾ͽȥŮӺü죬룬ŮӱǰطӭȢƽ
ôԸԼϲ˺ͱŮӹһҡ
֪ҢתȾŭɫͺȥ
˾ͽܲԸǳȥˡŹϣԽ䣬˫ȭͷšÿ졣
֪ҢϻվȻƵһǲߵ齱¡
˯ŵļŵŭɫʧˣһǰᡣ
ŵ
˯е˷ڽһüûѡ
֪Ң̧Щ΢΢֣ȥռŵС֣ˣһ£ֲŽϸֽ
һӶſ֡
õûѡߣԽҵĲпУ֪ԼǶôСԼˣܻס
ŲٽٶطĹΪһۡ
ؿͺá


 38 


Ƭ, ֪Ңǽڷ΢ָŮӣһٶǣӵ, Կ̽ա
˯еļŵо˿˿, üͷתѡӳͫһϤ, ʡ
֪Ңɤ, ϲ, һ˫峺, 㲻Խô
ŵԲ۾һ, 䲼ֺװȷԼɻأô
֪ҢԾִ٣ֱӣ͵ɽԺұģι˾ƣ´㡣
Ҳ, ֻǺ, һ档ֽ͡
ŵЦЦ, ۾Сһı, һǺܶӰɣ
֪ҢһУͷš
ͷɢ, ϵĺӺױҲû, ŮҲ֪ˣżŵȻΣ, ǿ߰ɣ»¥µҡ
ʵԽ̽ĽͷԽҵ֪ҢѾ֣ЩҲġסŵ֣ʳõ⡣
ŵҪҪһԽԽĸȣԻסˡ
ŵ֪Ң֣ҡͷҪ
ΪʲôѾףҵӡ֪Ңȥŵ֣ɼŵֲŲȥһ˫ۼЩ޴롣뵽ʲô۾һǹһ𣿡
ԲҴˡǸ鸴ӣȻԽ͸òãʵѾٶȸϻġ
ûУûй㡣ŵëӲҿ֪ҢֿеΪ飬ССģҲȥԽΪϲˡ
֪Ңԭһ˿˭
磬Ҷʡŵ̧˵۾޷ʢǹ⣬ҲǲزסĻϲϲϲϲ
أ㲻ϲˣ֪Ң׷ʡ
ŵҡͷҲϲ㣬ǰҲúΪŮ֮飬ˣԲ𡣡ƭ
֪Ңǰһ˲ﴫʹ⡣żŵĵݣƻ£߬
κִ红ͯһ㣬ǿ۾ɬƣŵƭҵǲǣǹһǲǣ
ŵû뵽ôķӦһʱ䲻֪ô˵ĬƬ̣Źȥ֪Ң֣߬ŵָ򿪣ĶѪˣԼĸ
֪Ңûƭ㣬Ҳûй㣬ҺܺãҺϲֻϲһȴҲᶨ
һһâ֪Ңϡ
ŮСظĵѪһҲûб䣬ůãȷʵֱˣǧϲ
δϲ
˺ԼѽŵóСĵظôãһһԼϲϲ㡭
֪Ңޱ̰С¶ȣȴֺջأ侲ˣɽԺ
˵꣬סһ˫ϥǵȻ߳䡣
Źϵһ˲˫̱ŵء
˾ͽˣ첽ǰƯȫǵżӣôԼ߳ˣأ
֪ҢƿԼǿһһؼߡ
ӡ˾ͽûиȥתǼ䷿ţ۵ʺ޵⡣
¥˾ͽ뿪
û˵ﰡǰµĴЩ⡣¼öˣ۾ģΧżŵת˺üȦֿһˡ
ŵסվãЦӯӯģ᣺ûУúõءҲ㡣
ҲЦˣţӵѾ¥ºˣǿ߰ɡ
á
·ͷ¥
֪Ңվţûʲô飬ֱֱֻĿżŵ߹һ˲Ļ㱣ֻص˳գźӡ
ӣǻԼȥͲͷˡ
ǳɤ˼֪ҢǣһĨǳЦ·ԶȥȫЩҲöи
ŵ˵ʲô֪ҢֱӴһ𣬴ҲͲˣ߰ɡƽҲġ
ϳ·
ŵƿ߿ȥվŵİǳǳһЦ֪Ңлл㡣
֪ҢЦ⣬ֻڱ档
ŵջֱ֣ӣϵЦʧ˼Ȼ
⣬֪Ңְ̧Ӱ߽˼䡣ʻ˾ͽι¡
Ӿ͸Ըߣ
֪ҢƳ˾ͽһۣ䡣
˾ͽԭһӵĻҪ˵֪Ңˣͻط첽¥ӺԺǣһƥ粽ȥ˻һǰͷʧ׷ȥ
ӣЪֻüת
ɫϺãһƬѾ߳ãԼĪҪɽԺˣŵƿӡ
ǼİĻӰ´£ǻɽ·
ŵһţгͣ
ûһ㣬·߼ӰҲ޶ԡ
èǰӣߴ·ˣͣͣ
û˵·λš
˵ʲô˼Ҫ͵ȥʣĪǶԿģҪ͵Խȥ
ŵҲҵĺܣʼ֪Ң˵㻰ˣƭ
ʱֻһͣ¡
гϵһŮ˵ǰ
Ӱش𣺡˾ͽС㣬ˡѴӷԸҪǶλȫԽ;в³аʧ
˾ͽȡһƣӵ˼Ҫɣ˭ǵĵӣ
һµֳ˻һ
²ҡӰס
ƿϹϾصλȥɡ
·żŵ
»࣬Ů䴩װͷһС磬ӯӯѩףü۴ɫ˾ͽδÿŮӣ˼Ϣ߹λƵΧżŵת˼Ȧ
ŮúÿҲǼõģ˶жȣرһһ۾ͻϵɡ
ˮֲӻᱻסŰ͵Խ˳ȥԽô죿׵ıҲ֮һ档Բ鷢
˾ͽվڼŵǰһ޵żŵ°̧ʣطȢŮӣƽ
ǰŮӳƯҲɱ֮⣬һͲƲ
ŵһǣ˵ƽҲǡ
˾ͽЦˣ϶ƽ֪ҢҲһôãԼʹҲĲȱ
ӶһȴϵûС˾ͽƽŵЦ˵ûϵӲںˡ
ٿ𣬰³嵽ŵǰ棬ֱ۴򿪵ţҪʲô
ӷԸһƫƧһĵطıҵŮɱˡƿ£һ˦ס˼ŵϸһŵʧǰ
˾ͽƽŵ¶׹⣬ݺݵӱԽȴϣֻɱ㡣
ܣ֪Ңôˡŵ۾粵˸µúܣװ򶨵ӡ
֪Ң顣
˽˾ͽʡ
ŵֻ֪ҢҪ͵͵ȥԽǲ˺ġ
һܺõˡǿ˵
˾ͽȻĽֻ÷̡һܺõˣȴƫƫûжЦһ£˵Ҳģᶼ
жãζõģͻȻ˾ͽ̧סŵ°ͣ˵
ŵֶߣÿ°͵֣һ˫۶˾ͽ֪Ңµ㱳Ҫɱҵģ
˾ͽЦһٷϻһ˲ŵˤڵϣȻþȫŵСϳ顣
ŵһȦܿǱӴڵϣɫҳϸСʯӸŷɽһԴʯͷ롣Ű˹Ľס
ۿһҪŵվһߵļӰͳ򣬵ƭ˵ģӸûɱңˣӶĲǡ
Ӱ࿴ҪҪֹ
ס֣
һٵ
֪ҢŲӹְѼŵϸһְ£ڻﱧš
ŵ½һµõͷţŶӹա
˵ҪɱңҾ֪㲻ɱҵģ㲻ģ̇ͷСӨӨ
֪Ңһ߸ᣬһɤûУҲɱ㣬ᡣԼҲܵһ˿һ˺ڲϲԼˡ
Ӱͳڵϣ˾ͽҲޣֻۺ޺޵ؿ֪ҢļŵޣڣŸҪϻôֱ࣬Ӵöá
һϢһӿ
̧ǰ㳤˻ϣһȻ۶űһˡ
硣ŵϲؽһСĵЦ⣬̧žǱܡ
֪Ңһְ˱˻
֪Ңſҡŵ̫СѲˡżصſ
ôСۣġ
֪Ңϣǣš˵꣬ЦʣǸɾ峺۳ơ
Щӣ°տŵˡ˵֪꣬Ңǿϥǵ⣬żŵߡ
ŵǲϣ֪ҢʵǴ
ԸһԵʿԸ⣬ŲҴ߲Ƶġ
ƼˣĬĬһڡ¶ôãǸǣŸˡ
δʱסˣ֪ҢӰʣԴ
֪Ңʾ⣬Ӱǲ˽ϺЦǺ⣿ߣҴԼѹţýȢķߣкβף
ʲʼŵҪߣ
ŵ˵֪ҢϣŵȻԸķߡ˵ţִĿżŵҲ⣺ŵ˵ЩӺң˯ﶼңܿġ
ŵҪ˵ǣͻȻѨһҲ˵ˣֻһ˫峺ʡ
֪Ңÿ
ʲãǰһקżŵһֻ֪Ңţŵվ롣
ܼŵԸ˭ߣֻߣûѡ
ҪӲ֪Ң˼ŵѨ֪ɻŷɬĺһ飺ŵԸ˭ߣ
ŵ֪Ң֣˵ʻ˫ֽ׳סˣŴŴ˵磬˵ƭģҲߣֻ㣬ֻҪ㡣
֪ҢٴξıۣǵЦɫﾡǱ
˼ŵһۣקǰߣŵƾţҧ磬ŵ˵Ķģûߣŵòã
ʿţмŭǾҶʲô
ŵͷվԭص֪ҢС˵ȥ֪Ң𣬿ô
ǣЦֱӽŵᱧ𣬿粽ﳤȥ
֪ҢҲ֧Ųסϥǵʹϣ˾ͽǰ죬ƹ
Ҫɱǲǣ֪Ң˾ͽþƿ
˾ͽڵأǣҪɱֳָЦȻ£û㣬ֵϲ㿴žǰͶ뵽˵ĻǸ˳֣ûˡ
£ߵ˺òãҺòã
֪Ңδţһ˫ֻżŵȥķ
ŵ
һ·ǰ·ںһʰѼŵºӰһƥҪȥӰסˡ
ͷϣȥҲڡ
£Ŷ
ŵСߣͷҿʣǹˡһ˫Сֱ󲻰Ľţҧ´ĬĬ
һģ塭
·ˡɤͻȻ


 39 


ŵ̧, ͵͵ʣ
, ֻǰ, һ˫, ɫҲ
ŵҧҧ, ̧΢΢ֽѡ
Ƭ̺, ŵʵע, ѩ׵Ϻ, Ҳʼȡ
¡ֵһֲݾܾѹɤɳƣѹŷŭ
ŵɵ£֪Ҫʲôҿ, ɴ۾
΢, ϸϸ, 
ŵȥſš
ȷϼŵû˺, ʲŰԱߵ·ϣסӯӯѩ׵Ļ˵ӡ
ŵּ, һһϡ
ֻǸմ, ʱѹָ߬°̧һ㣬ĶϢǻ
Χƾ, ңһֻֿĺףһֻŵʹȴ˷ֺ
ѸٵĹԳأŹɺݾҪŮһ㡣
ݵŵԭмֿܣɽҲ
ãǵԼʹŰѼŵſŮǵÿˣһ˫۾طỨ糺Ҳˮӯӯģسš
ʸҪ۸չȥƫͷٶȺס
ֲ֪úо˿Ҫ˲뿪ͷŶͷȵıϢָŵʪĴǣʣ֪ô
ŵԴκģѽʵš
ֻſޣ촽ͷ飬˵
˵Ƶɤӵͳһ˫۶Ǻ֮Ƶ÷ȡȥвţû
˴ˡŵæϴ㿪
ˣʲģƿָ°̧ǿԼ
ŵԺģϸ췢飬ðβ֧֧˵Ҳãûжͣ͵͵ܳҴˣ֪ġ
أ
ŵһҡͷûˡ
û͵͵ܳҲᷢ顣
֪Ң˵ҪȥԽһǲǾ͸ˣִչȥҧ
ûУҲߡŵüͷҲˡ
ҿ㱧ˡʱƿҧ䡣
ŵӲһ£ż͵ģʱǸŮҪɱң֪ҢϵҲңû
ǱˡʸտһĻʱ۵÷ڶʹ
ŵ֪ô˵ˣƿһ㣬һ˫СʵֱͦȥҲӦֻԼģ
磬˺òãСС˵ĨЦſ

ŵ֪ˣԴˣҲȷԼĴӺһ˫ĲţӲıӡ
磬ֻϲ㣬ֻ㣬ͱߵġ
ְ֮ѽ¡޾ϸظ˵һ飬˵ȥҲΪֽϲ˵˺ö
ɤӶ˵ˣʻǲֻһ˫
ŵû취˵磬ŵ۸һ£Ͳ˺òãԺҲҪ޸ģһš
һ¶ɻûȹߣ䶪֣Ҫ
Ȼ˳ᣬȥˡ
һ磬£ʧȥǴδйĽž⣬û֪һ·̡
֪ҢһǼʵ÷ҪԼѡ֪Ңߡ
ֻзʱ򣬲еĸܵԼߣȻĿȱҪռ۸ɿ׵ۿˣֲģ᲻ˡ
ҲٴĻƲסҪŵ
ԼĪʱɽԺ
ŵѾǰԶˣûе̧С׷ȥ磬ȵѽ
˷䣬ʽŹϣקżŵŰϡ
硣ˮӯӯ˸ؿϢȥص
֪˶ãԺıӡ
ҹ룬ֵεδ죬Өˮ˳Ҷ䣬Ψһ
ڶա
ŵתѣԡźˮһˮﵹҾͣлꡣŵĺۼۼˡ۲۰
ΪԼҲôϡ
Ȼ۵ģŶܡҹʷ˺ݵŪû۸ֻ£ȡ
ȻһһΣֱ
鵽Ũʱһһ˵˵ֻһԶ뿪Ҫһһһ
ɤӶˣԺ˯ȥ
֮ûˣԽճˣսŵţʱʱ̶̿Ҫ
ʱǣȥСϪץ㡣
ŵһ¨վڰָӣ˵վ峺Ϫˮ
磬һŮ°ܣСָһ
תش̽ˮʱ򣬹Ȼס
ŵ˷ܲѣ¨ݹȥװһˮɫɴȹ߶ӯصȹһȦȦƵġ
磬Цеؿʣ峺һ¡
գӰˮһҲûץһ㡣ԣ
ԼĪʱСС¨ѾװˣʴˮߵŮȥˡ
ƺϵĻҲͼܺã˵Ͽŵԡ
ãϦůůģŵϪߵһʯͷϣЬӣѩ׵СѾˮһһµĴӨˮ
ʹһˮȫϡ
ҲգץסĽţĦţˮЩ䲻䣿
ŵЦӯӯҡͷ˵䣬ء
ſһҪ档
ʷſϴɾֽȻ󴩺Ьȥˡȼ𣬹Ůýõ͹
ͷĴŮӣ㡣
ȥɡ
ǡŮСŮȥ
ҪֿСԣԶˣһŮʵ
һŮ𣺡ȻˣСĻ῾𣿡
¶ԿãǺ»ˣˤˡ
СôôãҲֵñ˶ġ
Ů˶Ի˵ˡʵҲĽúܣֻϧԼûǸ
ɫڣߵŵǰָͷ£ˣСȾ纮
ŶŵתšְС쵽ǰ
ʶӣùţֻãָЬŵƤŽżʵ
Ϊʻû뵽Ľŷڴϣֺ
ŵΪţһ˲ֱ׽סˣˣִٵѽ
һ£˱һ˫ѾӲЬ档һǰߣŮǳƱǼ⣬⶯ɤõͳŵġ
˵ţȥҧ
ˣһԲ¹ߣӵ׺ҹգһ΢紵ݴɳֻө棬ΧΧ
ף·˴˵
ŵŲմأʴߣ鸡ͷҲεģӺܿˡֱս֣˺һŰ˷ſ
׵ɫ£ŮС˵ģ޴Сˮ٣ʱ΢ССڵش
ƫͷȥŵһ˫ϸر۾ţеĴȴûиֻʳƵɤ
Ҫôô
ŵˣһߵòУҪȥ
ʿӵģ߳һ˿Цã֣ٺú㡣
ϲңҲŲϲأź촽˵⼸ǰϣƵġ
ÿ촽飬ʹ
ߣŵһ̧סԼ졣
ʱŲţҪɼŵ˵ʲôҲˡ󻹸أԺһء
áʴӦ
ɼŵհַʾͿȥ
ϲһǣôԶԲȴָҩ񫲻԰Ρ
ȼգ죬ŵʻ㣬ûжĵϣֻһΣȴԹЩϸ㶼Ҫóԡ
磬ǰҲ𣿡ŵһ߳һʣѩĹĵġ
һ²𣬻Ӵ𡣡ţݵʱ򡣡
ݵйûйô
У˶ġżŵĹһСӣ𣿡
ŵҡͷԡ
˵ģ׷ɱҲ˶ɱʮӲùϻкö˰أҲ
磬Ժŵõģܺúܺáᶨ˵۾ӳӡ
ȸ̡ʰϿõ
áŵӹľظ̡
ʲôôΣգ˯ұ۾һ˯
ʣһڽģһǣһ˯
ŵǰһú˵磬ʲôʱҲȥ˯òãǸ
㲻±Եȥ
ôأдҲᱣŵġɤŲء
һſûˣô㡣
ô꣬㲻ҲûҲûԵѽʻһЩӵġ磬ҡ
˼㣬ŵ˯ȥ
ʱϪߵЬӣȻ߻ȥ
ڶһ磬еһӿ鷿̸ò뿪ùźʴżŵع
ϣŵʷʲô飬ʸݷߣøϻȥ
ǰȥݺͻعķֽ㣬ӰǷֱȥݣƼͿعʲϣ˵벻ԶǷĲ¼ŵҪص
ŵ֪Ҫȥݣ磬ܲȥҲȥ
ʵݲ鷢һҪ飬ʷȥɡĦżŵ۵ܿͻЩ
ʱֻصʹҹߵģƼŵ
ƼǶԼŵгɼҲ֪أ˿иʥ
ϣòδ빬ŵһţ˵˺ö໰ŵδ빬޵ģȴִҪߡ
δ빬ǿŵƢ˲䱬ˣһ˦·ϣ˦һơ
ŵϲʣģ
뵽ֻйɱ
ߵʱѾȥˣȣʬ棬ɢ
ǿһ̲ۣǺЦЦг㣬û˻ӦֻǱɭȻ׹ǣնһ˫۾
ͻȻӣſ޳
·߹ȥҲӣסοС㣬ޡ
¶⣬һ˫۾ôģɢʬŻҪߣȴתʱ̲סŻһ
˭·׷һ±㿴èҪӵİ¡
ſңǷſҡţϵӰýԱ߱һ̲ʬ䶯档仰˵꣬һŻ
Ƕʣʲôˣ
ҡͷʲôûʲô֪СҰɣһȥء
ѽŵŮС͸ߵģأˣöİ˵ţ·򣺡ˣȥɡ


 40 


һ, ŵͻȻ뵽ʮ壬ɼɫ, ²֪ȥ, Լæȹߵ
Ƽ, ֪ڵ𣿡ŵ, µü۴żСȥ
Ƽ֪ŵΪ, ˼һ״ؿ, ʱ˵, ºúտ
ʮ塣ŵ̧Ƽ䣬Уȥɣڶ粻ôܡ
ǡ
ʲôѽʱˡ
ǰˮηʱпȷʵûʧ˺ԼƼ뵽Э, ȥ׼
Ƭ̺, ڹ⡣
ŵ, ֿƼŵĿ
ƼҺһƥɡܿɱ, ǵø֮ǰʡ
ϵŮģ
, 
ŵҡҡͷ, ǰһ̧Ų롣ƼæŮᣬһǰ
ŵƼ, Ц˵ЩҲµġ
á
·ϣŵһ϶ûгֵİ£Ƽ㿴𣿡
Ƽ𣺡ûС
ȥأŵСС
һ·ټʱֱ㵽վ
ĩϦѪһͣ£˸ȦվſڵĴǰֻǰһεεС˶һӢʮŮӣѯʣʲôʲôˣʲô
ƼȡƣŸϢ
ȥͨ˵ƽˡ
ǣȥ
Ƽȥŵһ·ŵŲڵϣȴͬ޻һ㣬ġ
СġƼߣҷ֡
ʱǰˮζߣǰ΢΢˵ŵüͷˡ
żŵ˷ſڱˣƼҲ¡
ŵֿ̧ţŴ򿪣ҩŵ񣬡
šŵӦһֱԹȹӾȥϷţµ֮ǰ࣬Ҳûоµҩ˼ȥֻ뵽һǱλǱµҩ
硣ŵĽʡ
齱ߣеüĿչմЦСܹȥԱߣСȥϵĴ֡
䲻䰡˵ţ̧ȥʵ
Ӽ䣬ſŭ
Ҳúôڹ𣿡С֣ʣƼģ
Ȼˡ
ǣԼҪġŵżĽͣأȥһ˫ֱסʾݵʮ壬ŵ¶䡣
°͵ţ̧ͷһ˫ˮӯӯģҲ粻ҪŵҪòã
˿̣ŮɽεӣٴĻҲˡ
Ƭ̧̣΢Ħϸ׵СɤǼģã粻㣬Ҳ
˵ֵ꣬ͷĶͷӡһǡ
棬ɫѾˣһ׵Բʡ
Ь齣ɴ᣻¡
ɫ͸սӳڼŵϣԼѩϸ塣ѣ¶ʵļ⣬ߵúæͷȥ˳ϸܵĽë
Ƭ̺ϤϤֹͣˣŽӵʣңҲҪ𣿡


 41 


ɫ, Ŀ䣬ȴȡŵΪ, ܸ, һűĶ, ˡ
Ȼ, ȫûʧѪĳ嶯, ʹ·Ҳܡ
磿ŵĽһ, 
Ů, ǺٵĴϣһͷĽ
ڿеĴһһڳԵ

ŵΣѧŻӦһʱĻһ̲ˮ, ӳŲס»
˿, ŮӱòԽ, ҲԽ̰ϵ¶ȡֽ§ʶذ
, 䲻ѽ𣿡˱࣬ʡ
, ʼҪѻļŵѪɤƵ, ˿˿΢ϢҲŵ㰮ң
ش, ǰڵĸʵǺ̫ˡ
ѽˡ뿪һЩշ죬ʵˮ⣬ģҲֻ磬һӡ
±ӣ±ӣ硣˵ţŵ
Ů۾һߣЦЩ
չҧǣһ˫ֽý᣺ҵģƭ硣
ûУҲƭ㡣ϢУŵЩˡ΢΢򿪴°ȥ
ȴܿµҵģ
㷢ġ
ŵĺߺ£۾ȴǹ˳˵ҷġ
߬ס°ͣʮؿʼ𷽲ŵᣬǿƵӶᣬֺҡ
ŵǵ÷ʹҪȴƵø
Ƭ̺ʵᣬһŵԺ۷ʲô㶼뿪ҡ
ŵ˼ƮƮģʶشӦš
벻㣬ûһġһ˫繡
š
ŵԺˣ⡣
գ
ŵԱ߿տҲʲˡ
Щۣͷѩ׵ļɢɢĲźӡرѩҲޡ
벻ףԼûСûˮΪζǰ㰮Ϳڡ
ʽʱ򣬼ŵϡ
ߡȥ뿴
ļ򣬡·ţعȥ
ָֻˣûҹ繡ŵˣŲӣҡ
ôˣЩ
ŵֺһǲˡ
κߵĽŲһͦıӰ˵Һ㣬ȴ۸ң
ʵȥ齱ߣ˵û۸㡣
ûͬ⣬Ҳ۸㡣
ŵһ˫Сץǰıӣ޴ɣɣﱻҧúѽ
ʡ
ȫҧӡǡ
ͣ͡ŵһСߵͨ죬ҲˡʵݣָָۣԼǰ
ҿȥÿץűڵ֡ʵ̫ˣҹǺЩ
ŵ㿪Ҫ
ʸʱǿˡ޵ٽΣȴҲֻͷĴ
ùųվѾȺʱˡ
ʽŵƼտƼ޼ŵӳȹӾ
ۼֿ죬һǰȽסǲزסĽš
ʲôɫ
ŵ˽ʻֽסҲš
ȲҪǲǣأСý֣Ҳֲͣˡ
ֲɵǵ߶ʵˤġ
ʲˣŵСһ˫۾ƵĴ˵ǻ磬һȥ
һ˴ڹ뿪
ŮȻСģַŭ˲٣ߣȥȫ
Ҳȫѽ㲻ȥòãһȥŵˮӯӯ˸ϣ
Уұȥʴָķ࣬ˣͺúôڹһţ
ҲҪŵҡͷ˲ʱ
һָȥϾӨۣŵЩôԡ
ŵģţһ˫ҲҪߡҲգϸĺ
ãɼŵβ
üͷýƼӰһżŵĺ׾ͷȥģŵȵ˼룬ƮƮķ
ʱʰ˱𣬻ص
һǣҲ飬úķſŵǼűǼ˶ϢţʪȵϢţʵƵɤԻˣӦŵͻŵԹԵȶô
ŵ˶ģͷӦţá
ԡٶȺס΢׵ĺ촽շת´档
һӺ᲻һƽư̬ƼտаʧΨʡ
Ƽףǣ½ʥ
ͷűǷĺſĿ֮ǿƼҲ˿ڱķǰҲҵˡ
ŵƿӿԽԽСĿͦӰͷֿʼᡣ
˰¡
£ŵʱֹס⡣¶ǹصģʲô¶Ⱥ˵δ޹ʧ
ŵһ˿õԤУ³ˡ
ȷʵѰ·ˣɰ»δ߳ǷĹȴֱ·ץ˻ȥ
Ҳܷ㣬ȥ󶨻ὫĸŵҲ֪Щ̻̣ɫŲ
ŵĿУһֱǣŵ֪Լɱˣŵ֪ԼĲ
±ڵĺϣյۣüͷšҲǵĺ£ģֻҪңҲ߿ģҾ͵ʲôûʲôû͵δС㣬ˡ
ס죡Ǵƭˣŵ˵ģҲ㡣
ǷųСߣͷ˰ɣȥʵʳ
С֧ϰʺӣŰһһڵĿ¾һŵͷƤ飬˫ŷ
𣬱
ͻȻСһԾ𣬺ݺҧס˰µĲӡ
ʹϮ¼ʹֿ־ĵɴ۾Ŵȴһǿֱģٿ췢Ц
СŵźǳˣŵİɡЦЦţ죬
С߳Աˣɿ¡
ӣǸӡ´Ϣ΢
Ǽڽ߽£̧߬ס°ͣӣ
ԣҾǷӣ㾭ҵЩҲ衣ɺۺݺݶŰ£꣬ȹһһ۵Һ壬ôǣǶϷŹҡ֮ÿն
˵ţǷЦ·ʹ˸ɫȥζ
·ͷվԭز֪С˼Ը⡣
ȥǺ
ǡ
谵ӰڵϣֻҧԾǺܿ㷢ˣϵ¾ֶ·˵ҲͣͲ׼ͣ
ǣС㡣·ᡣ
ҹʱŵصδ빬ûм£СŮʣûһ֪ȥ
ŵһ˯ҲޣԸСŮȥңƼҲȥҡ
´粽ſ²ΥʥƼ׵
ŵҲΪ˵ԼȥңҰɡ
ƼҹˣӦЪϢ
Ҳ£˯šŵĵĵǣܾð³˲õ顣
δ빬عһҹҲûҵˡ


 42 

Żʵ۳, ̫̫ǽһƿҩ, һڼŵĳʳ̫̫ҲҹһСŮ, δ빬иƼ, ӬӶɲȥһֻǲͬ, ǶҪ, ŵûз
ҩҩǿ, մһβһӱ̫̫ĵĲŴĲҶ, ҲƵ
ǳƬ̣еҩƿŵϣҲҩ
̫̫ǣǳԾǷŭеĲյ˳ȥ, һأ㾹氧ҵ˼
ˡǹ, ͷ
֮ǰҩǵ̫̫ܲ, 㣬̫̫Ƶָ, ΢΢ˣҴ, 
ߵ̫ȥ, Ƭ̺һ޻
ڿ˦һǿ죬űǺϣʹϮ, ۵ýҧһ˫Ҳ߬
򣬸ҺݺݵĴ򣡡̫̫ͺ
һһ޳ں󱳣ֱѶˣѪģһɫ԰ֽˮʪ޷ϢԽ΢
̫̫ˣʾͣ¡
㻹ǲϣ
Ƿ۾̫̫ҡͷ΢ᶨϡ
ǽմȥŵҩ
ӡ̫̫һۣ򡣡
ٶȴ£Ѿʹľ۾ϣʹȥ
̫̫󣬲ٴˣٴȥСûˡ̫಻ͣ±ӣֻŻٶȡ
ľǿǺǸȥ治ĸŮ̫̫Ҳˣ˰˳ȥ
⣬·Ǳ𣬻ص޵
ڶһ磬̫̫̽ǸϳȥѾˣԸ·ȥĹѰɱˡȥһδ빬ģȥˣֻдһֽ·ȥ
ͼ֣С̫̫
²ˣҲϳ˻ʹŵһմδ빬ĵúܡ
δ빬ĹŮ̫˰ˣûҵˣʴӦպɼŵһҲûеȵˡ
Ҫδ빬ȥƼ˵ʲôҲãʵѹˡ
աʻˡ
ŵδ빬ſڵϣĨϤĿͦӰ˺üյһȹӾ̨ס
ŮһźɫɴȹƮݣ鶯ӯһֻʻȥ
ſֱۣССӱ˸
ŵͷЦ۽üҶǲزסĻϲϸɤŴŴģ磬ڻ
Һѽ˵ţţıһ¡
û˰ſʣΧתϸϸ鿴һôˣ⼸ûкúóԷ𣿡
ҲˣӦͻģÿ㶼֪жġੲݵ˵ţָ״Ƽҳδ빬ҹš
ʴẬ飬Ůɽޣɫüٵӣõ廨һ촽
̲ס£ڻͷѣϢȫǶǳ㡣
ŵо۾䣬벻Ұ
룬öҪˡ飬ӱ޸ϻһ·ƥ
ڣȴĬ˵
ŵƿҪش𣬿š˺ðûеȵŵѩ촽ϵЦûˣҧš
ЦЦɤ͵ĺ룬ý
ģϲЦտˣſ±סʣСţְԼĽŲЬϣ˶ϡ
ϲԼ˵ᣬ㣬ȫŵһڹ˺̫ࡣ
ߵ̨£ŵᱧ
첽ߵδ빬ʰ˷ڹϣԼȲغסŵ۵Ĵ꣬ݺݵ˱
⼸յ˼ȫһ繵
Ƭ̺ſŵ
Ů׵û۝ģдϢ
ϲôıһ˫ƵȣűָĦա
ŵԺģˮϲġ
ǻҪҪǺЦ
Ҫŵۣ°㴽
ŮԵĺܣ죬ȴѧĻӦԹԵȡ
úܵȥˣġŵѹ֣һ۵ڣȷûɿ
ʲôѽϢѩƿǵˡ
̷죬Ƶ૳͵ŵҺҪ㰡
ԡۣû׼á
Һܡ
ŵСȥü˻һҰ㡣
ŵʲôʱſԣ۾ܡ
Ů˵Ҳ֪Ը˲ſԡ
ҪһӶԸأ
֪
ʴչҧ䣬ңж硣
ŵģһ۾ƳĵĶúóѽһߵú͸ˡ
ǱߣƼ˵²ˣżĪӰڻʹ̺ʽ
°ҹʱһĹҵ
죬·ڰµĿͱ˵ģƾһŵڡӰ˳۾Ѭɺ죬ȥ̫ҽ
صµסӰСķϡˣĿڴѪҺѾ·ϸˣһƬǰСҲȫСס
˭£˭˭δ޺ӡ
ֻһ˿׵촽أһ֣ǡ
Ӱ˫߬ȭͷָðѪɺһҪɱǡ
ÿ˵һþ
ҪȥӰ˵
ȴסˣ±ָָ̧ۣһױ̨иϻӣ
áӰ֪ˣӦ
ֶ϶˵һЩӰˮˣ沨ȥСڹδɣڣķ羰
áӰӦ
ġ˵
Ӱɺۿ֪һᣬ˿̣ʹ̣İŮӼȥȴʲôˡ֪ҲҪȢġ
Ƶɬ
Ҫҡ
á
Ǽѵسһ˿Ц⣬Ȼ󻺻ر۾
̫ҽֻӰڵϣﱧѾȥİ£úܽܽ
֮գӰʸ˼٣ȥɰµԸȥ⿴磬ʻľ潭ˮȥ
ŵСϣһҹûۣ۾޵ֺףﱧŰСϻӣ֪ǰЩܵĵٺСŮ͸Ρ
ǰŵȡЦ˵ǸԼܵļױȴ˵ǣ˵ǳԵġ
ǵģ֣ҲҪЩǮꡣ


 43 

֮Ĵ, ŵۿɼһȦδ빬һŮ, а, ˳ùɿ, һ˫Ӻ͸Ż龢
䲻, ûץ, ӰҲ˻ʹְ
, ´ǲ, ˶ˣŰɡ
ŵĲɵģٵȵȡ
۾ŵ⿴һۣת£ֱ꿪ʼšһ߼вһ˵ѽ˿ɲǵġ
ū˵䲻˵Ļ, ŮɿĻҪһʵۺҲ, ò, ɫ˥ڣպ½Ůһһ, ǻǵ˭Ӧóű¶ʾŨ, ò, պҲðڲ׵ģ檶Ȳϡ
˵ţüͷѽ, еİ죬ǸֵģǰЩҲͬ⡣
ʵ룬ŵһۣȥɡ
죬ȥˡվڵſڣңңıƼϹȹǹ£ݺԼĴһ£ۿỨ۳ˡ
߽ˣÿҭС
μ¡
ֱ߽УŵѾ꣬Ƶڹϣѩ΢΢ţһ˵ӡ
ôˣ齱ֽ࣬˭Сˣ
ŵﺬǹ˵Ϣ˿˿ģûС
˲٣ﶼƮƮģ۵ýԷǺǹԡС°̧չȥ
շת䣬ǹ˹ҧ۵ĴĥϢ˵ճǣһᱻҧʱôҧˣ
Һ밢¡ŵˮӯӯģҪ޲ޡ
ˣĶŷۣҧǣֿ̧żŵȥ
ȫ޵Ļᡣ
ֲ࣬ϸϸܵģǵüŵ٣ͷҲʼκģһ̲ˮ˶ˡ
š
ţ鲻Խĺߺʡ
ʸԵӿ
ˡſ̿Ƶ÷졣
ŵԺţ΢׵ССڴպ˵ģ峺ҲʪġӸһûУʹȵ
ʳʱǰвõĲˣιŵҡҡͷСſ
һ㣬ļҪˡɤᡣ
ŵһļҪŵ˫ֻסСؿڣҲҪ緸Ҫۡ
Ǿ͹ԹԳԷ
ŵŴӦá
ιʱŵ˵ҲҪЩ
ҲɣֻԸȥһݡ
ڵſڣʱʱ۾ƣŵϲӺһĳ
һˣʺιŵԣŵԵһΡ
磬Ҳѽŵ׵ݵʴߣʢһܽظջǺģ
һڳԵ
ϻҪ˯õҡˣʸ졣
ŵʶرߣҪԼ־ǳ¶·ˮӣͷš
ߺ󣬹ǽʰһСŮſڹţ㣬ôţ
ĨĨᣬһ˫۾ͨ죬ҷ˴ֿҭһȥʰɣ˿÷ˡ
СŮȥȴɻúܣСºͣûгͷ˵ġ
ϣźŵϴԡ
ŵ浹̣Żꡣڻ԰ʲժģ㲻㡣һŵŵǼǰ
˱Ƕõ廨㡣ŵ۾΢΢𣬡ţ㰡
ūţСɱ⻨ˣҲõ廨ءˮ£Ůӯӯѩ׵Ľǰͦϸ
ǡ
ŵͷôˣ
һ˫ֱֱĿżŵͦѩü˵׸ū˵˵Ů˵ش˲áūſģʹЩ
ôãŵߵΣˮȥһЩ
ŮشӣȴΪ飬¡һתū澸ذɡ
ؼŵܡ˵ɷ£Ӧˡ
ŵ˯ǰкȷˮϰߣ󣬰Ŵ߳ڵͻȻһɣѱˤڵϣ˸ϡ顣
æˡū澲ġ
ŵˣ£ʰ˱ȥɡ
ǡ
ȥƬһСģı㱻ˣѪҲռ
δ빬ţҹСŮĶæʰʲô¡
·Ƣأ϶СŵùͷְԼ̧ǿ
ģСŮʡ
ֿûźÿˡСŮԾ̵ɫ˵ԺСĵǡ
СŮͷӦǣȰԶˣǿʼСƢôԽĴѽ
֪ԺСŵɡ
ڶգأŵһĹãŵʼûʲôıЩ߼·ۡ
ҪȻǲȥ鷿˰ɣͻصЪš
˵͵ȥģ߳һ·ˣŵţҲá
ƵóѣЦеģص޵źüŵ˯ְ޵¯㻻ˣ㣬˯Ϻüʱˣһбá
ʳУԼ鷿ȥ
£ǿ׼Ĳ㡣ʳеݸһȻػ
д֣ͷҲû̧ŵأ
ر£˯
ãȥɡ
ǡ
úÿüӢͦ˫͵͵һֱۣ˭ܲȨ󣬲õӵĳ谮
δ빬£ÿμŵǣţԼã۳ٳǵԼá
ʱ֣Ƽδ빬
ſڱסˣ˯أƼʲôԺū˵ȿˣūת
Ƽһֱۣߣǰֽס֪ģǱ¿ˣҪˡ
Ƽ룬˵½ҹҪ£߿õȡ
ǣū澻ת濤ġƼ롣
ƼתȥֻڵŹţ޵Ʈһ㡣
δ빬Ѭ㣿Ƽʡ
ǣ˯ȣʣԸū澻˰㡣
Ƽڰ̻Ƭ̣չ˿ǳʲô£Ψʣ
Իᾡľпһë
ں󣬰ŽڵİϨŴ͸һߵǰŵš
˯һ磬ŵϱ˯ˡȥģ֪˶ãҲʻ
ߵֵҹİأ
ſڰ˯Ժģ۾Ҳ˵ŵһյƱߡ׷ȥҪȥĶ


 44 

˹, ѵŵȻֻһ£ǳ˺, ͷһϸС顣
ֻȥ鷿, Žû, 绪ܡ
һ·, ۵ġ
ܵ԰̨׵ʱ, ŵһ, ˤڵ, ڴֲڵĵϣƤۣͷҲۣȥġˤϨˣɫһ, ȻѪ
ں濴, Ҫǰȥ, Դһתٿ, ȷûˣĵ߹ȥ, 岽ľ͵͵ĸ
ŵӵ, ۵ᣬʶţ硣
һ߿ޣһ߻ִŵ绪, ǰһСʱܽʢܣû˵ƣ½ŶҪСģ²ţͻȻһֻ
ͻȻ󱳱һƣǰֱֱԡ
ˮ˺ôһڣȶûüӱˮǱסƴҪУȴһ
³ȥǻϢѹţʧȥʶ
ŵ³ˮعջؽֱڿеֻ֣ȾܡʱѲߵӰߣҹãһ±㿴ˮɢṦ߷
˹˼һת˽ǰĹľУųʯ·ˮһ
ӰһѾˮļŵԼѸڼŵϣȻ¸ˮ
ʱѲҹ̸˹ˮȰ
ΧŻԲѵļŵϽһżִֵ̿ɫ¶Կĳ谮˶ڿ£ûһ׷
һǵĿţһ˫۾ڼŵϣͲҪѣѾˡ
ú󣬼ŵһˮŵȻ
ˣˡǼ¶ϲɫԼҲǴӹŹػһ㡣
ȼŵֹͣЩˣӰŽᱧδ빬ַԸȥҽ
ļɳˮȴλĿȾϷ纮ҽһЩҩٿƵĶͷв˵⣬ֿõҩࡣ
ӰųڳߵȫеƫȻŷԸ˿ãԼˡ
жమŵӰ֪ģûеһʱȥҲⲻ𷣡
СŮŵ˿һ󣬲ŷҩ࣬ɴáСĹŮæżҩһҲ
ҩ˯ɡ
ŵͷκģҪ
СŮȰھͺˣǲȺ壬ȾϷ纮㲻ˡȰɡ
ȲȣŵСüͷţΪͷŴˡ
СŮȰֻſһɭ𣺡ȥ
һͷʵ۴󲽹ЮһȻɱ⣬ֵ˺󱳷СŮҩ룬̿¡
ŵʵ˯ȫޣʾվ齱ߣ˽һͷųСʵĿޡ
齱ߣĽŵԼϡ
磬ұˮˣҲˡŵ̧ˮӯӯСָָԼĶͷˣ˺öѪְ֡
ҩɴɿЩһĻƲסķź󼹱Ҳۣÿһ¶۵ģŶͷɤǶ粻ãûбŵ
ˣСˡ
ȥѽҪǲȥ㣬ͲˡŵĿߣ㡣
ãҡԺĶ
ʷ˫ϼŵıǼƵϣĦţҩòãι㡣
ᣬŵһ
ʺ˱˱Ȼһ§һֶ˹ҩιߡŵҡͷϣҲҪι
Ҫ
°𣬷ɫСһڣ۾ﻹᣬȴЦеģ
áʴӦ
һں㸲ȥιһڡ
ѽЦü棬ǣһһ
о𽥱£΢΢壬ٷļۺίЦӯӯġ
۵ýǿһ˿ȣЦɵӡҩĺܡ
ߡӺ߳һɵӡ
һˡ
ŵԹԵİչȥСҩ¶ˣȴŴĴ䣬᲻뿪һ˫۱ţԳٵ
ãŵƿ˻һ
ŪˣɤɳƣָǵӨ
ŵպ˵ģһ˫峺ˮཱུĺ촽ССڴˡ
˯ţ
˯š
һϢʱִչȥܵ˵ࡣûãŵԴԺˣƮƮķһһذϡ
ǵúᣬŵļ鷢鲻Խʳ
ʸǲܣһմͻᶯ飬ο̿ƲֶȻţСﻷϵ־ͷȥ˯ȥ
Ǽһ£ʲ߳ڵ
ڵеȫʧˣһֺ䣬а硣Ӱƫţ
˼ʵ۽Դͨ£ͷɭѹֹסð亹ݶǴܡ
Ӱֵֵҹ̣ߵŮ
ɲ˭ŵˮʡ
ӰҡͷûС
ȻӰֳһû˳ϡ
ȥȫ

ŵû׷׿ͷģϵĺˮͿͷѪˮš
飬ŵɫסڽʱͻȻֱˣ̧ͷۿ³ġָһ̡
һĵøˣ죬ūţūžĵҲƿ
Ӱʰ㵱濴ˣ
ˡȻֵҹȥұ£ū澸ڿ˵³ˣɿûһ㣬绪ܣ·ϻˤһӣҽᣬ·ʱūˤ·ߵĹľԣƼˮѸߵ˾
ӣ֦˵ֱ¶Ӱū澵ʱ˲࣬ҲˮӰ˼ʱϵ
ʱһϸϸָ̣£ӰˣūҲ˾
һ˫ƵеһֱŰǾͽ˸ʮ塣
ʮ廹ֻܻܲ
⣬ʷԸƼһǹŮˡ
Ƽ֪˵ĹŮǰɻӰ䣬»ǰҰˣ㿴
ǡƼӦˣһҪˡȻΪŮôĹ˭һ͸ñ
ſڳϣ;ˣʮһŮôŵסһĨʹЩ
ţƼˣһľ塣
𣬰ŵýۣƼǹЦ˵£·Ը㣬ġ
۾һ¶ǿڿķϲūһģպūһľźÿ
ǿڿķϰɣҲ֪µ˼Ƽ
ƼȷǴᣬţȴƮʮǧĬĬ룺᲻Ǳ¼ҹɣϧ
ţЦ⡣

 45 

˵ˡ
糿, źżŵ¶Ĳɵģż͵͵Цһ¡ŵھп, Цʲô
ûЦ, ˵ū澳ӻ, Ǻó, , ζ
˸ɡ
ԭҲǰԵġŵ, һɬ, ԺкóԵģҸһݶ
ллá
ãŵܲһ𣿺ý
ܾС΢΢Ļǰһոպá
һȣŵǰ, ·űȻȡٿ, , һСѾܳ⡣
׷ȥ, ҪȥĶ
ŵѣ˵ģ鷿, Ҷ硣Ųӯ, ȹίأɨһص仨
Сһ·Сú˵, ˱߽鷿ʵ蹾๾ȡ
ʷеľڣǺš
ȵü˵ףŷ¡˫ֲ£ձһһµţΪȣ۴޵ģСţԿһࡣ
ʲĺһ£Ҫôȣܹʲô
ʲôѽһЩ۾ͣǰھϣڿʲôѽ
ǰأ
ſһˡ
ֻúüͷ
һѽקԼϣŮϵŮǵһ¶ƣôˣﲻ
ͷϵ˿ѾˣϺõҩֻ࣬һۼٹձɳʧϵҲˡ
ŵǺϵģһӣҶ
ʽ⿪·СرöҪƽˣ˭Ūģɫ˼֡
ŵְѰǷ˵
ʲôû˵ֱӶָһȦȦɿ
ˡŵÿ֣Լ·ˡʻǶһ
ŵС죬峺ȾỨġ
Сﶼˣջ֣Ūˣָ̧°ͣһߣƵͳɤŵ
šŵҧŴġ
ԺֻҪĻɣ˵ĶҪ°֪ͣ𣿡
ŵɵصͷ֪
ʴֹĹĵظϣŵÿϲˡ
ŵҪåͽӣֲңһҧͷġ§ʵĲĸ˵ˮ˺ģŵõĲˣȥ㹬ĸ𣿡
һٿСεͬˡ
ŵ۾ЦѵˮһڣҪȥȴֱֱ§סˣһϸýġ
ɫؿŵִ۾Ƶٵĺ촽ϡһˡ
̫֮ԣŵףôôϲأ
û취Ϊ磬ˣŵ°Ǽɬ˱һҧȴ궼
ײỻûһ뿪ˣССںš𣿡
ôṻأ
ʿ۽ף͵ظȥ
κ󣬼ŵ鷿СҪѪЩסŶ͵ˣڻʵۻüο˿˵Ҫˣʵżֽ˰˻ȥ
ʵǶమѽ߷ߵģбƳǰļŵһۡ
˵ǵó裬ɲԺ󶼻ó裬׻˵úǵң֣ҲãЩ취ס谮ǡ
ˣˡ
ŵ䶼ҪڸͲȥЩ
ū澵һ취
ʲô취ŵһ£ͷ
ԹŮѾߣС㲻ʱѾ߱ɴСɾáĻɾ㲻С檽ˣѾСˣһҲСģĺҲ̵С£ҲСء
ŵˣİ취ǣҵѾߣ
ǴЦġ
ΪҪӦˣֻŵ㲻ѾߣǹŮ
ŵ첽ǰߡ׷ȥⲻʧΪһð취ѽұ¶ūҲмϧ
ϧŵͣ½Ųŵۣ˵Ҷϧ㣿
£ˡūԽ˵ˣū澴ˡ
˵
ǰհûпÿÿˮֵҹ˶ʮӣ˵ˣڱϧƼū澣ū澲ӹһ̧ͷŵֻСᣬίӣֵ¶԰мϧġ
˵ŵ۾ˣۿٿع
ſȥƼˣմӵʱƼ׿ڶ˵ģûм١
ŵ뿴һȥ㹬
ϫʱѾغСװ׾۾Ҳ޹
ŵĸúÿˡϫ۵ϸŵͷ⿴Ǻˣֻǻһ̺ۡ
ĸõģҺãõĶõҩ࣬ͿĨձɳһ̵ġÿμϫЦеġ
ǰĿģȴװġ
Ķã
ģҺãڶ绹أպȢʺְŵ΢΢Ц
ȴǶһ̣ۡ
ϫһôܻᰮԼɱĸ˵Ůһıгһʱᱨŵϡ
Ҳ𣿡ϫսŮ֡
ѽŵҪһԶ롣˵⻰ˡ
ϫ΢ɲĲһ£ŵˡŵʾΪ˱ŵû뵽չ
֮ãοӵȨˣջˣרר飬հհǸġϫĳģŵͻСĸǹˣ߹һģҪĸĻ
Լ̫ϻʵѼŵҲ˵ңɻǺŮӣѡҹҹޡ
ĸĸ·ǸûʵĹȴΣһֻĽ˿ȸ
ŵĻҲ̲סۺί£˽ϫʿ
ĸ֪ˣ˵Ķԡ
ϫֻΪˣ̧ļŵıİǰЩӣĸ͵͵ȥ̫ϻһۣúأҵ˵ˣ˵ǰдһĸŮʥּʱĸһߡ
̫ϻʻ˵ѾǰźйݵĹ°ϫʱӦˣȴǳ˹ŵȥס
ŵ̧ˮӯӯСߣǻ𣿡
Ȼˣ뿪طҲû˶ŵָֻţĸŮ¿ʼǵӡϫ΢ЦŵʮͣЦ޶ˡ
ŵԥԥģϫʣô㲻ĸߡ
ĸʲôûˣֻˡ΢Ц޵ˣЩڰ


 46 

˺ð, ŵϸ׵СĨĨᣬԸϫܾ̾, ֻҴӦá
ŵ, ԡϫŮС
صδ빬, ŵ㲻Ҫڵź, Լڴ˯ڵſվһ, ʱ˱߽޵, ĵó
һ, ƼϨ㣬ȡһŽɰ
ʱ󣬼ŵѹ¡¡Ь԰С԰, ѹѹĳ, ϾҪˡ
ֵԧٴʱʢ, һشصĵɫСɢ˵ζ, ҶҲިïʢ͵Ĳסܡ
ˡغһ
ŮӦ, кηԸ
Ҫ, ǸϽҶڻ
յ꿴ͷͣǲڣһܵԧٶᱻɢܡŮǽæµ
ŵվڻǰЩС, ĳӦҪһһģҪʳˡ
һ¡
ŵվԭһСŮ״æſֽɡ첽߹ȥˣǽȥɡ
ˮ⣬֪ˮˮ
СŮûӦֽһ
ŵһãذɡ
վһŵֻص޵ڴϼ˯
ʮ֣ͣˣȻڵſڣ˰꣬ʪ͸ˣ·ճš
ԼظһۣʪҲûʲôĲԳˣһܿ
رṬŮǱҪͳһ·ԼҲܴϿЩƯȹҲǲġ
㣬㶼һˣɡСŮȥȾ纮ȥ
ùģܣ¿ˣһܷװʵ⣬ã߰ɡ
ŵû򣬰ƭСŮСŮȴˣ˰ۣ߿
ûãֻ忡ͦε߹صԼĴһ£۾ͺˣҲˡͷСĿ
ʾӸµվǰɤ䣺ôڿޣ
Щܳ¾Ȼ˵ˣ̧һ˫ˮۣر£ū澵ĴǿˣйһҲӦõģøеίģūʵ̲ס𷣡
ϸſǻ
Ƽˣ⹬Ů̫̫ˣǰšٿӣɫԽ޲һ
ɻһƣŵվڵſڿ
ʲڼŵǰɱˣŵԼ԰Ժδ빬źˣȥ̫̫Ǳ߰ɡ
ŵȥȶ̫̫㡣
ϲóͷԣûֻ̫࣬Ϊʿˣϧδ빬ίЦӯӯأūл¡лϧ
˵꣬ߡ
ͻȻʽסߵԣϧ㣿ʧЦǹһĨŪЦ⡣
ڵغˣߴӣ£֪ġ
һȶӡ
΢΢ü˵ĺ⣬֪ͺãȶѰ㡣
šûͷܿˡ
ŵһգգؿŵˣۣ۾ᣬ˫ֽţ׵綼Գ
ԭûƭϲתţ֮ǧ߸֣ҧԺҲҪˡ
Щãĸһˡ
һʱ䣬ͲҪˡ
۾ôˣѾߵǰָĦС
ŵûô紵ġǵ첲磬ŵöǿŰɡ
Ժ˲õҡһѽǰߡ
ŵסʵС˲䡣ôůĻԺǱ˵ˣҲŮ˰ɡ
ǰʽСϣɼŵСȴ½󲻷ţֻգһš
磬Ǹŵָõ峴Ƭ
á
ʸйι΢΢ŵС
ǸǸ
һһУСԵѩĹģһ˫۾ЦӯӯġӸýͦСظؿڣȼĻʲô˼Էֻ븹
ôˣŵ۴š
п֥顣ɤơ
𣿡ŵ̧ȥĨȴȣĸˡ
ϣΪ̫ȵԸ⣬ŵԸҪԼ˯ɽȴĹԣ󱧱
ֱڶϣСһ˫ֶϣӨ׵Сš
ĺɫδ
ɫ磬³ȥÿС֣һϢ˫ֽ¥ˣҲһ˫ȶϡ
ҲҪߣһ˵ġϸϸСС߽һ㡣
ţһ˵ġΪˣͷɻСﶯ£޷Ӧûѣ˵λ
ȥֽţȴýŪ̫ʹ
ŵϸغҪȥ糯ſòá̧ѩ׵
ŵ
˺üŵԺһۣϣϲ˲䣬ֽС˯ѵЩɳƣ磬ҲҪߡҪϲĹ
ʲ֪ôˡãСʼղϷſ۾죬Ҫˡ
һ˵Ҵһȥòã
ŵŵͷͬ⡣
糯ʶǳ죬ɼŵϴù˳£һ·żŵȥǰ
һ·ϣٵĹŮ̫࣬ŵߵģɾͲֻСһŤؽ
ԶˣŮ̫ǲſʼСۡ
ԽѳˡɨعŮ˵
һСŮһˮһ˵ѽѽϵı糯ҲҪš
ôˣ·ᣬҪšСŮӹ硣
ˮŮִչȥЩԲĹŮ˵ʲôδ빬СŮ˵ԷҪιģιˣƢԡ󻹵ñºţšá
˵ôôأ
£Ƶģ㿴ˮҪأƨɡŮùŮΧ£첻ѵС˵ǷļӦǼõģҪȻܰѱԳ
ŮǸߵòУЦ
ߵǰʱмλ빬Ĵңңı㿴ϣʵۺһŮߡ
ۣٽЩǱޱȷˡǱ£Ůƽɺͳɺͳλüֳʹļ׵ģ
ʽŵںţ곯ٹ㡣
ŵǲ֣촽ŵ
ãŵĿˮ޵Ӻƻŵίķܡ
š
һߣŵһᣬ͵
ôᣬôãԺҲŮ˵ġģʼղǶһݶ
ǰȻֻһǽ֮ȴҲǱߵŵſСϣͣĲᣬԽԽ࣬ôꡣ
ܿޣܱ緢֡СʾԼͷˮȥ
̸꣬Ҫ³ʱ
ļλվ˳µǻ£ȴҲޣȽȢѡ빬ҲýͣΪط֦ɢҶ
ҶλةҲվ׷ͬ顣
ڳҲ˵˺üˣʵһЦѾӣ꿪³Ȣ󡣡
ڳ೤˾˾У˵ļǣ³Ǵ󼪴֮աȢɪٰüط˺ͨٲʢ
ԱߵĻ˳˾һ£Сʣ˭ѽ¿е˭
˾δڣֻλ𣺡ƽ
ڳΪ𾪣üλһ˰嶼ϡȻַ׷׹£Ȱ򲻿ɣ򲻿ѽ
Ѿ²飡


 47 

⼸, ŵرʣߵĶҪš
鷿
ͨ, ŵеһ, ͭȸ¯Ѭ, 㡣
ʷһ, ߵСǰ, ı, Сѩ׵޵ϸС, һ˫ϸֱԴǰ˯
ͻȻ촽䶯£˵ʲô=~ѩ~~~~=
£ȥ
磬硭ζڽ
ءĽŵԼ, Ȼ˱̫, ȴ㡣
, ŵںȾƣӵұ, ö޵ļ檶ΧѾƱˤǰ˵Ҳ뿴
ŵŵһѹ, ҹ洵, ʻıš
ôˣʸоӲһ¡
ŵſͷ˵ʱ, Ĵ궼ʲϵļجˡεϲ˱ˣҪŵˡ
ʱ﷢ҹɫиˣ΢ƣġͷա
أŵѾüûмˡ
ȶ
ΪʲôҪȥȶʡһ־òʣë㬵ġ
Ѿˣ֪ŵŸո߳߼ŵֻ˵̫̫ҪˣֻôӦˡ
Ҫȥһ˴ȶ֮ǰ밢ŵʱ̫̫ݺŵ鹩ϲ䣬  ѡһй׼ȥйϡ
𣿼ŵɻ
صδ빬ŵϴãŵϺȥ˴ȶԹ˯
ĺŵʣͷ۾ȥҰԸ飬һԸɡ
ȥͰ˯
ŵȥģôҲ˯ţֵָɡƹãʲŻ죬ϽĨᣬɺװ˯
ֽ˱ֱۻסŵҪúһԼɿ˯㣬㲻˯
ͻȻһ£ѹϣŴŴĴ鲻Խǡ
ú˶֯һϢȹ̡
¹Ӵ͸ŵû˴룬һƬѩףСɽԼкӡ׵üѣΣЩ⡣
磬Ҳˡܳˮһ
㺣̫ˣֱϡǺµģһ۱㿴ˡ
СŸռǣҪ˵Укȡ
ٵȵȰɣȵ꣬ȵǳɻ鶴
סͷȭͷ֣ĸչޱȿƵʪģ촽̷Ų
ɡ
ŵʵ۽ĵĻһۡ
һֱҪôͲҪˣ
ڶ磬ŵ˯ˣʲȥȶ̫̫
ȶſڣʮ̫̫ҪߵĶӶЩժķ𾭡
ʮһգ۶ʮȥˡ
̫̫̾еĹùõ߰ɡ
٣̫̫ߺá
ˣ᲻ýаһĸ̫̫ͷͰؿʡ
ĸ΢Ц
ȻЦţȴһ˿䣬ҪѪһ㡣
̫̫ԤУ֪ԼˣȻЦ֪ϲŵϲһʱģܱ֤һϲǲܣǱ˴õİҲպԹ
ǵңҲǵҡ
Լŵĸж˵Ӧƫִ̬ģû֪û⡣û˼ŵһһĸԼ
뿪ˣǻȥġ
̫̫ʻǣ·һƬ֣ӰöվڳǰѾȺʱˡ
պ˼Ů
һſվڵСʺ£Щѡģףûк̨
ŵϲǸʣŵˮˣСֱС󡣡Ƕɿˣ㿴Ҳ˳Щ
ŵȥȻɿˡ
ҪһҪ˦ʵ֣ڵȥ
ʿƢҲ飬ϴԡϴ¶ΪΪ˯һϳʱƳһʱΪ˳΢ʣȴҲŭԣиĳ˽ǳɫ޶ȵĻ
֮ӣŵɺʣҲˬˣǹϲ
գһ԰й䣬˹е̫
ǵǾϡ棬ôͼŵһˣ߹ȥ˵Ӵƽʧˣ
ŵһϮ°ɫȹͷ߸ɷ٣ҡ׺ҡҡλΣһСޣֻƳһǣ̧Ҫߡ
Цһʲô
ǰıӰǴ߶ţʵ۾֮ǺεȵòȴˣҲֻʵżǲʵ۳ӯ󹬣ƾʲôվȽŸ
ŵ鷿ȥ
Сд֣ߣ˽͸Ļ磬Ҳϲͳɣ
ʲ֪λֻ֪̫ϻеһеıʣСɱǼˣ
ţ԰˵ݵͼ˵Һöö໵СίίĿʡ
ŵӨĺ촽΢΢ţԲһͷȥЩƵ˱
κ§ŵӣ޾Ĳ࣬ɤ᣺ãӦ㡣
ֻҪҪģǴҵ
ŵ΢΢糺죬峺ﷺˮ⣬һʡ
ôˣʿ㶵ӡ
áЦЦЩһߵ۾峺
ҪԶôãֻһôþͺˣǻʵѽߵ˶˵䲻˵һᷳУĸҲȰġĸΨһˣƭġ
ùź󣬼ŵصδ빬̫ҽ
̫ҽµˮ֮ȫ𣿡ŵʣµʮ壬綼ûٺˣҪ̫ҽȷһ¡
һձΪЦõģ඾ȫ⣬Ҳٷһ˫ϥأϹϾһ֮񡣡½ⶾȫһ֮΢л¡
ŵæַ۽üҶϲ
ļˣҲߵðһЩ
ʱһΣ㵽˶
ʵǶ죬ݻ磬ֻһ죬úõŵٴȥ䳤ֵҹС
ϣŵûʽˣ𴲴·ЬȻȥС
նҪָһ볤档


 48 

ŵ氡, ִֵúܣһŮԱ߽˵, ҪԶ, , , һֱۡ
, ˮ, ̫ˡ, СŮվԱ߾ʮֲڣֽŶ֪ôŲźá
ŵһ˫СֶڸɰͰ͵˵ˮæ뵹һˮ
˿ˡ
ô죿ŵԽãȻ޴, ټ۶Բԣ
СŮü, ԡ
, ˼ˮϡټ, һֱһֱӣȻһ۱˵, ľȴԽĴ
¿˰ɡŵǰ, ָ˴ӲУ̧Ů, ϣǼϣͷճۣˢˢġ
Ůһ£ش𣺡ţˡЦƨء
̫ˡŵ챧ԹһϢ𴽶΢΢Ц
Ȼ棬ΪǳҪܳһԶϣҪ񱡾ȡŵߦȸϰϣϰϣæðΣǿˡ
ȥõ㱻ŮֹˣɡǿСĸƻ֣ʵҪͷˡ
üվſΧ۵ĹŮҲԣ򲻿ԡ
ŵ˳ǲ֣ͲˡЩʧ䡣
ŮοǾֻ￤棬ʣµĻǿԼ𣿡
ŵնľܾҪԼ
һû񣬷ĵеʳָļѪ˿˻Ľһ
ôˣժ˵ĹŮеʡ
ŵָЦҡͷû¶
ʱʴſڽĹŮǷ˳ȥŵǸ˻ĺһ㣬æ˫ֱ󣬲ס˵ָ
óʷСɫһ
ŵĴ˳ϸܵĽëһ£ֻҧŴҲ˵
ʱƹֱóСֻ֣ʳָһѪۣһ˭ЩģҪ𣿣
ŭŵٸίֵСնŵֻһ볤档
ˣҲŵЩ۲ۣ
ۡ
ŵʪ˸۵ġ
ˣޡ̧֣Ӹѩ׵۲ɾȻ˳ſڹһصСŮÿʮְ塣
ŵ½󣬡磬ǣҷҪԼСģǵ¡
ʵǲ÷ǣӦ÷ı㣡ôصشƨһ¡ִ˼¡
ŵ۵ֱ䡣ģ磬ŵˡ
ѼŵŵϣԼҩǰָҩ
΢ĳսУŵôţǰÿɽˮ磬ҲԱôô
ɴϸã̧ţ˭ҾͶ˭á㲻罫ϳȥڽֱСлӣ
Ż
ŵеֱһ̣һķ⡣
ûУָһС硣ҹĻǣżŵȥ档
ҹʮﳤֵƻͨһ·϶С֧̯λˮŵһɨ飬󿴿ҿʽࡣ
ŵװǽ鶯ϣһ˲˲Ŀ
磬ÿ𣿡ͷˮӵݵǰЦӯӯ
ÿóǮ̷
̷𣺡ʮӡ
Զһʻǰ˶߿ӥһӴؿóһ񣬿˿һ磬𣿡
һϸ˿ǰŮװļŵȷϵٿߵʣƽûˣ
磬ǽ˴ȥھͶ֣
ɵѽͻʵһģϵŶٰȥץˡ
˴ͷһɡ
ţҲ
ɫ߹ʣʽŵԸƼع
ǡ
ãŵ۵ĲУſ˯һ·صҲ̳δȻֵĸ·ԡ˯
ʱŻˣһӡüġⱲӣ˶ãܶ˭ãûˡ
һһת䣬ۿҪꡣŵҲСﱧů¯̿費Ųúܣȡ
գ鷿￴飬ڰǰ˯
ŷѩſ˽
̴һѩͨڵϣΡΡ£̫ϻʿ첻ˣȥ
Դ˶̫ϻʵĲһձһأҽ˵̫ϻʳŲڡ
ŵתѡ
ʽŵſڰϣһСʣ̿Ѭúͮͮģǰɢϰ֡űһСϡ
Ҫ˯˯Ҫȥ̫ϻǱߣһһţ
ŵͷʮֹɣá
ˣŵ϶ߵǰ򿪣ιѲ١ѩһƬëĴѩ׷š
̫ϻʲأҲȥϾҲĸʣ谮ĸ˵̫ϻʻĸŮһʥּ˶ͻĸһ뿪ŵԽˡ
Ǻ᲻ʵġ
ϣ̫ϻǱδ빬ŵȥŵʰһϺĶˣſվһˣǸϫ
ĸŵЩԾ޺ĶһСӵӨѩס
ϫǿ޹ۿǺģ΢΢ƣŵһȥ
šŵסϫֱۣοĸҪѹ㻹ŵء
߽̫ϻʵ޵һ󼱴ȴҲ΢ĿԣгһŨŨҩζɬš
ƹ磬̫ϻڴϣϫȥǰ̫ϻʣĸ˳ݵƤͷˡ
ôûź򣿡ϫܣüͷš
ǳȥġ̫ϻ˳뵥ǣ˵˵԰׵¶һ˿Цݣ̧ͷŵ
ŵһͿ޵ˮӯӯǰҪһʣ΢ȴв
ŵٽһʰɡ̫ϻϵЦδ統һĳ硣
ŵſǻгʡ
úúá
̫ϻʴӴóһλεʥּֽϫϫΪһˡ
ﰮͱ˺ӣǰġȴҲԲ㵱Ĳɡ
֮󣬼ŵ˳ȥֻϫ̫ϻ˵
ԼĪһʱ󣬸ϫŴסŵһŴʥּŵּ⣬Ҳû취ˡ
˻ǳ赲˵ġ
ŵΪϫĨᣬֽ˽˵ĸҲ븸ﲻõҽΪʲôκأ
ʮĸŮ֮飬һһϦͿĥġ
ϫ̧֣ḧŮķԼǿƲסĿ޳ȥսȥӲҪġ
ŵȥʰöһĸδߡ


 49 

һ, ϫδ빬ˡ
ʰ𣿡ϵĶ쪶һذѩ
̿յ, ϱϰ졣ŵ̿ǰ, Ө׵Сγůɫ, һ˫۾޹, ˮӯӯĿŸϫ, ĸġ
ϫ, , סŵС֡ôˣ
ԥ죬ŵ˵ĸҲˡ᲻ã᲻ʣ뵽Ժ󶼼ˣѹ, ľۡ
ŵϫ, ۷⣺, ĸֻһˣҲҪĸĸһô
ϫ˵, ԵʮֿŵĲ, ֻ˵ȥͶ, һЩ
糯ȥ糯úø
ȥϫֵܾǻڹſڵ, ߰ɡ˵¼ϵɫŵϡȻǣ˽죬һ·ȥ
̫ϻµʥּǰĹԱ֪̫ϻţĸŮȥϷĽй̫ϻʷġ
ſڣѾȺʱˡ
ĸŮ˳ǰӱãӣ룬롣
ŵͷ￴ϫŵˡ
һߣѻһӶҲˣѩգŵֹס¡
ĸȥһɡ˵꣬ϫܡ
ɣ̫ϻּ˹㲻ٻع첽ڼŵǰѳ˹ţʥּ
ϫҲŵ㸸ҲΪ˱ǣ߰ɡ˵ţҲ￴׷ŵߡ
ŵվԭأ˿ϫǿӲسߡ
ڼŵ̧Ͻεʱѩдһš
Ƕ磡
ŵ͵ػͷʶҪܹȥȴϫקס
ȥϫɫʱͱˣĿŵһֱĸǺɫģǶ
ŵֹͣ
ˣ
ŵŸϫĺɫСҩ裬ʲ
δ˵꣬ҩѾιϫһ󱳣ŵ㽫ССҩˡĸҳԡʲô
ɤʧ˵ڶ
Զһس߹
£̫ϻʵּ⣬λҲ֪Ҫּ𣡡λ
½̫ϻּ⣡
ɫĮû˿仯ǰּǰߣһ˫ʼڼŵϡ
£Ƶǰ棬ļع£ִˣҪ΢ˣ
ʲһֱۣǰߡ
ޱȼıӰγ嵶Ѫ½ʥּ
һĦ죬λ׷׹£½ʥּ
ѩµĸˣëһķţ߶ģǰǰߣѩĨͦӰɽҲмĹ¾ִ֡
һϢĵֱֱĴ̽ʺ
һ˲֮䣬ͣסֲսɱУһȥնɱ˶δ㺦¡
˺£ǳԾʽһôĴ룬׵óѡ
ڳһסҳ
һͣϢ󣬼ǰߡƽó棬һ仰Ҳ˵ϵıҲδһ˿һı仯ս˵İγ嵶
һīɫۣѪҺ۵ɫ
ŵһĻۣ΢죬ȴ˵һ֣
ǰͣסŲȥǣŵ΢΢Цϫץżŵһ˫󣬲ߡ
ŵֹסˮһСϴˮ١
ʱ侲Ĭ̧ʼڿУһֱ
á
ŵˡϫŵԼҲȥˡǳɡ
ǡ
һ£̡
ʿŻԶȥĳӰ̧׷ȥ׵ѩȾһѪ
ǰͻȻһӰһʻĸ˻ǰ߸
²ҪִԲ򣡡һЩǰǴѪĵǰ
ֱסĵУһ˦վڳǰƿ˳ӣѪĴȥָ仹ڵѪ
ãϸСʼûз
ŵؼҡɤ
ϫץסŵ˫֣þ˴ҪԼŮܵһ˿һ˺빬ڼۿҪˣԼĳﻮһ
ŵؿŸϫ
ŵѾȥģĪҪǿϫ˵


 50 

ŵ, ؼҡִֵĽһ飬ɤ, ںǵѪĴЩ΢΢
ŵϫ, һ˫󱻸ϫͨ췢ʹ, ֪ĸȻô
ϫһ˫Ŀݺݶ, , ̣
ǰ, ֻǴѪڳԯ, ˲ʱ֮䣬ɢľмŴѩ
ȥ˼ŵѨȻߡ
ϫ³ȥ׷ɲڵ, , סǿס
ŵ, ҵŵ
͸εǰǰ, ĵָʱżŵϵһ£ֻһְֻ, ڳһֻ, жУѪֹס˳ŵѩ
ȫʹһ, ƽĮһ˫ȴ͸˵亮֮Ҫضⶳᡣս˼ǰߣųֵ˲ˡ
ŵſͷһ·ѪǱ𿾣ʪĲϡ
Ǻ𣿲书ǿΪʲô֣Ǿ֮ĻʵΪʲôҪ˺ԼӰأƼأΪʲôݣ
ŵҪԼȴ˵ֻ̧صĴʺй
ߵſڣת˸еĵһӣ͸һɼ׿⣬ȷӦ̧ͷѾˡ
ŵץִģʻסֱսЩɫԽİ
ѩ׷ףͷϼ϶˻ѩصδ빬һعϣ첽ߵڵһѽŵϣȻѹ£һ˫ۺݺݵĶ
ѩʼϵѩҲ䵽һƬ
ô뿪ң˫ʵ̻ɤֳֵ
ŵ˵ҡҡͷֻϻˣôȥҽüҪҪȥ̫ҽԺҽ
һôѪ϶ۺۡ
ߣסһ˫ͷ۾˿ڻǲǣ
۾ȫᣬֻͣҡͷ
һϢקų԰ߡ
ԧٱúܺã캮ضȻ̣
һڻϣݸܱȻһѩŵĶˣ֣ǰڵصĻǰȥ
̫СԺصĻܣȴޱȾǿ˫ߣǱȴֵ¡һ˫Сֶͨ졣
ʿŭţһקŵ򢣬˫ɺʣ㲻ҪʲôṴһЦһһ벻أ㾹Ǻƭҵġ
ؿ类ʯݺһײǰڣ˵ҪߣҾɱ㣡
˫ɺɲͷһúˣŵĵһͻȻˡ
һϢֽһֿ۽ԼһʳָĴָס°̧ͣͷȻͷȥ˿촽
йͷƵѹ˱ҧҪ顣ŵӭȴǸݵӶᣬҪϢ
úǵԼ촽鷢ʹŷſŵشϢš
ŵȱСͨ죬ԴҲģ޲˲ӱȥϵһֽ𣬱»صڵϡ
׵Ĵҧſʼ
Ƿ˷һ㣬ǵ㲻ٿơ
ϵѪմ˼ŵȫ׵ѩף޺졣֯ţһѵĻ
ʷ˺ܣЩѹŵļйһһһĽ֡۾Ѫתŵһġ㲻Ҫߣòã
һ缱꣬ŵƺҪʹȥ
òã׷õ𰸾ݡ
ҹĻ٣뿪·ʱ̫ϻʱһֱڵȵڡ
ŵϣʳ˱Ӹס
ʣ㣬Һ㡣˵ˣϸһ˫׵ֱֱĿ
ʰã齱£ϲ֪ذףݵŵСֵԼλá
ҺҶԣⱲҶߡİƫִִħϵȲԼĿڴ룺ɱҡ
ŵĵһֶסĴ֣ŵĿ
΢΢һЦذ׼ʺѪĨڼŵϣȥ˱᲻ͺúôߣһҡ
̫ϻ޵ʱ̫ϻѾһϢˣƴһֻһ¡
ĸǸϫɱģոϫߺʧĸף޼޻ϫģ޶Բô궼УԲĸףҲԲ㡣
˵̫꣬ϻһرۡ
Ǹϫô޴ˣʰź̫ϻʵĺ£һ·ʧǵĻصδ빬ѩţҹ
߽ڵϵ۵˯ˡʱңմѪﱻ죬մѪСӨ׽
İ˱ȥԡϸϴɾֱŮѾʰˣ˸ɾı졣Ὣ˷£ͷҩָ࣬մһЩСĸҩ
ûסԼŵ˺ݵĳͷҲأѪֺ׵ġҲۣСҲˡ  
ĸоŵתѣʶһ
𶯣ҩᣬҩͲˡ
ŵﺦµôһ˫۾̵̻ĿСѩףϸҲ뿴㣬ȥ
֣ʽ
һŵͶһ£һֱİǰ鲻ڣôֱĥںúҪϲˡ
ʻһ·ɺһƬɫŵľҲɫŵƿߣûдҽ
Ϳҩ˯ŵϵŲӣ֪ڴڡ
һѽڻ:ң
ŵҧ´Żˣ۵΢΢ЩӲ˫ֻԼǰһµӡ
Ҳһ˯س绪ɡ˵ģЩȡ
һüͷţͷķŵˡ
ŵƣȴ˯һ˫۾תͷԽȵĴʻ˴齣ߡ
ſڣƼֵҹҪȥģ
Сһ£ѩ׵һ˫СţСҲĺѪɫ촽࣬ңȥĸܴȥ𣿡
ƼֱӾܾܡ
΢΢ӣƼҹˣǻȥ˯ɣСĸȾ纮
ŵ㬵ߣȴûл޵ȥԱߵĲû̿һ壬ӹޱö治ůͣ˫촽ߺ
ʰҹûˣҲտҹߣƼ:أ
Ƽѷżŵ˵ĻԭԭĶʽһ飬ֵûӦȥˡ
һĬȥƫСȻڣޱɪɪԺţ԰׵촽
ûҶֹ̿˼ˮ¯ӷŽűһؿڸһȵůŵŵĶüչҲָ¡
Ƭֿ̺ʼ߽Сţܺʹı飺ۣۡ
齱ÿһκǣ̹ǵʹһҹֱɫȥ
ſڣԸƼţʧΨʣ
ƼӦ
糯ص鷿̫ҽӦˡһҩһߵΪΰΪһŮ˶ѣ㲻ϧԼ塣
ʴżŵޱȺµǳصһʹ
Ƕ˵±ŮɥģħһɴҪնɱŮΪطء
ȥ飬˭ֵּɱ䵭һ١
ʱſһˬʵЦĳ߽ʰҩѸ˳ȥ
ҹ̫ϻʲˣӺĸӱ޵ĸϻعɻûܼһ档
ΪһŮ˾Ҫɱӣӹбʵ֮ҲòϢ׸˸񡣡߳ղĲ򣬶λҲ˶ˡ
ʹһЦ޸㣬𣿡
Ļ֪ģķֻڵʵ۵Ŀ»ǽȽϺãԽԽмһЦܾǸݰ
ǰȥɡ
ǣתȥͻȻعʣ磬ŵÿδ빬þûġ
ڣҲȥ
磬ͲˣҲȥй󣬶ҴģǺõĽŵҲ˯žء
һݹһüˣ͵͵ȥɡ


 51 

δ빬ſ, ˵ʲôƼҲȥһضû, ֻա
ڰ, ŵ̽һİС, , 硣ϲĺ
ת, 첽ȥ, ŵЦӯӯ, ۽üҶϲã磬ʲôʱѽ
硣ӻشĿƼһۣС˵Ǳؽˣ
ŵ˵ˡ
Ҳ׷, һ, ˵һЩԼڹȤ¼š
, ŵС磬취ҳҲڹˡ
˵ҪŵʱҪ˵, ˴ģҰ, һŵǿ, ˼һ˵ЩҶ˵ˣǳ谮, ٺú룬Ҫ¶Ҫߣٰ취
ŵҵúܣֻһ뷨Ǿߡ
֮ĺü죬ճţޣŵ
أʣϰڵķˣȴûˡ
Ƽ𣺡ѾùˣƫЪ¡
ţ˭źϴģ
±źϴģǿܾˣ˵СŮȥź򣬿Ҳϣǿɵġ
ǶɫζͬھͶ˿ӡ
ƫůģƿ˾ȵĺţȾһ㱡죬˯㡣ѾϴãƿɵŵԣŪ㲻ֻչȥһ£Ȼ󾲾ؿɵ˯ա
С˯Ĳ֣ʼΣһҹ˯ǸҴǣ󱳰
ҪʱСﰲһۡ
죬Ӱ˵ϫյйĵڶˡüͷţӰȥңҵҲҪţĸţΣձȣܱһ˿һ
ϣŵΰ֮ˣѹֻŵһ͸㣬ʡֻߣûбŵڶ㣬мһӺ
һŵȷ˯ˣС齡
ŵģ谵ĹֻСŽܣȻ֨ѽһƿһ㣬ƾҪȥ
ŵɫһǰ˱ס
ѩˣһֱżŵһֹؽ
ſңſҡŵǻֱȴԽĽԴһҧֱ
ʳʹüȴҲţ˱ϡ
ŵڴһߣԶʹӰУỨ޷
Ҳ뿴㣬ȥһˮ˳չϸСִί
ʹ۵һһĸ˺Ѫģ˫߬ȭͷǰ̡۳Ƭ̣ɤͳƵ˵ãޣߡ
ˣŵĨĨᣬ˯
ֵ˺ü죬ӶûŵԽż̧žܣƼſڽס
Ҫʲô
ŵֻűһѩɫ£ټ⼸ûкúóԷӸݣҪȥʣҳȥ
¿Դȥ뿤ȥѡƼ
̿յ㣬СϵҲ䡣ɿѩһƬķѩԼһ䡣
Ҳȥǿ
ƼˡѴ
ŵһƿ㳯ܣŵ׽ѾȽѩüһһ紵ѩֱˣס۾
Ƽ׷һѽ˿ߡ
ŵյĴţŵߵһǰ򿪴ҪƼֹˣַԸ̽δ빬еĴϡ
£Ƽ˿ûһ洫ƹƹҵӦˤŽȥһյֱֱĳӹѸٶ㿪æšϽȥ鷿ʹ
ʵʱѾֹͣˣȥֻŵһƬǽĵϣѩ׵մȾѪ
ŵ˵ˣʹȥСϣŹţ߻谵ֵ˵ƣյõƻͨ
ŵڹϣһ˫۾Сȴ˵
˫ּ飬ֻҽŽıƬ˺üӣʱðѪ
һˮϴСȡƬҩ۸ҩ
۲ۣ˫۷˿ҲƵҧҡȥ˱Լϣҩ
Сһ˱źۣȴһԣüͷûһ¡
۵ý£ڻͷŶͷְǼ꣬˱ϢͳŵǶˣԭ¶òã
ߣŵһ˫峺۾ӵ΢΢ת
ʷſ촽ֵϥ齱ߣ˫˵СǣĥԼòãҧҶԣԼȥôؿɤȴ
ǰ̬΢
ŵջԼĽţܷôȥĸ
ůɫԾ峺ӳĵðΣƣɬؿڣͲҪˣ𣿡ɺ죬Կǵ㺣ȴֳľ
ŵ򴽣ﷺģ㶼ˣ۸ңҲҪˡ
˵ţۿˮ⣬Ҫ޲޵ġ
ɫһôˣһĶ͸ˡ
ŵֱԣϲϧ͵ȶ͵͵ȥԺ㻹ϲööòĹǻʵԺ޿ɺǡһ£ִŵ˵ҲϣֻҪҰֻһֻһ
͵ûϲ̫̫ҪӺ㣬ȥȶǺ̫̫ţڶҾɱˡ
ԺҲϲˡס§ڻֻҪһֻһ
ɤԽƣţ㣬ߣҪ뿪ҡ
һڲġ𣿼ŵƿֻɺʪʪģִ޴Ŀ㡣
ҴˣԺҲ㣬۸ˡЩң˺òãҪߺòãǻǰһҲҪ˺Լɵ¡
ʹ֣͵Ͳһһ
ú
Ҫ˯ˡŵСС˵нʻ
áʱڵȥ
ὫСϣǺñӣ齱ߵ˯ʲųԸŮʰ棬ƼʣµдƿԼȫߡ
ϣʹŵڴϣѾá
ѶһһڼŵǰԿףЩ㡣˵꣬óһذףһֱЯģҵҲ㣬ʲôʱȡ߶ԡ
ŵſС֣Լλãŵסطһƣ˲һȥҲ
ҲҪŵ˦ʵ֣˹ȥס磬ҲҪ
áһرסֱ۽ϸ֫˵³ǴӣҪ뿪ͷòã
ŵĵ˵ͷ
ĸأſʡ
ʳһϢشйأǴ֮հӻع
šŵصĵͷϲİʷϵĴԿףذ׶ҵطˡ
۾ϣ͵ʡ
ǳЦ۾ãҲ͵
֪ûаȫУЩ˵ֻҪģʲôԸ⡣
ٹձ㵽˳Ϧ
˹磬̫ϻʵЩ̫ѳһЩһЩҲȥ˹йֻӺĸԼʺͼŵ
һšӻ࣬˵ͣǺͼŵ˵üŵǺЦͣһСЦ˻
ʸŵʹ۷磬ʮֲãŵȴŬŬ죬Цˡǿʵķ򿴣ȫʡ
ֱ˿ӣúˡ˵ŵߡ
ŵһŴ׸⣬ӻĹĵģ磬²̻ʢȥ󿴰ɡ
ȥɫãҹɫи
ŵƲƲ˦֣㲻ȥȥһͬġ
ʱ󣬿ŵתЦ˵ãʹȥ
ŵЦӯӯĸߡ
ֽŵקס΢ɲ̾߰ɣҴȥ
ŵԭЩһˣѽ硣˵ţֻصߣǵֱۡ
뿪ıӰǰ΢΢һЦһ˱ߣ֪ô𣿡
ţŵüͷͣ½Ų磬߲ˡɤԽ㱳Ұɡ
ʲĿ˶ñӣüͷһָ̧ϵϡŵСߵú˵ģҡҡͷѩͣˣҲҪñӡ
ʲɷ˵ˣ𶯡
ϵúָ££񣬼ŵתҪߣס֣㵹ǱѽƵǰ棬Ľ硣۾գգ
ʻǲ
ˣŵЩɻ󣺡㲻ȥҲŽȥġ
磿̧ѩԺ磬˵Ц
ŵʹһۣſ
ʲţȴӦҡ
ܵŵԹǵͷãҴӦ㡣
ǿԱ𣿡ŵ
¼ŵȥ˫ֽסСſͷûŵ㿪ʼˣȵĺ촽˱£ҧ䣬Сڴ
һԵдȫ¶ѣɤƵ֡
ŵһЦҾҪ
ԽĹ֣ϸϸܵҲøԽͣϵҵС§Ϣ㲽ṦϾ
ѽˡŵסʣСƿţ͵͵¿ԽԽߣֵСİȥ
Ƭ̺󣬱㵽ˡ
ŵʣϴֻͣ°˱Լϡ̻ʢѾʼˣžը죬пѤ貵Ļ䡣
磬䰡㱧Щŵ棬ӳһɫĻ
磬㿴ߡСָȥԼ߿Ȼָһߣ磬㿴ġ
С￴ÿģСЦ޶ˡȴüͣŤŤȥģǹŮеζ
ŵȥòã̵÷죬ͳƣܡ
ŵҲܵˣСٿغˣҧŴȴִֵҲȥ
ŵʵԡ
ŵ죬ͷޱȿ̵ӣһЦҾͲȥܾš
ʴӦģţĻ취̻ô죿
ŵСߵ糺죬ȴӲúܣ˸ã۸ң
ֺֺЦֵ̧˵ͷ
죬һ糯ȥˡû߶ãӱδ빬ŵãյһҪҪȥĶƣ
ŵСܵǰʮֺ棺ʲôѽ
óֺ档ӴգüβһǳЦ˱֤ϲ
ھȥ

 52 

ʮ, ʻδ빬ţȴû, ˵ĹŮæϰʳɫ, ſֵСŮأ
˺ͺú, ûƼ, ˼ŵĽա
ɭɭѹСŮֱս, ˫һæڵ, Żش𣺡ر, һӱ㽫ˡͷأֵūҲȴǿԸҪߵġ
ȥѿʳ˵
ǣūȥСŮСӵĳȥˡ
ûһСŮ, ҿ, ڵսս˵, ˵Ƕţ, ñ²õԼá죬ͷһ㺹ˮ
ǻһ, ɫԽѿ, ۱ˡ
СŮ洫˵ĹŮС˵ȥ׽С˰ɣ
ҿǡ㷽ûƼ, µˡ

СŮ߶߶ĺһĲðŰڵ

˵ǻ¯Ӽյ̿ͭ¯ɫ׷ڣ๾෭ðݶͷƮ硣
ŵһƬţ⣬ϢˣպһȦιۻˬڣóԵý
˺üƬεСϲ̵ЦպЩСͨ죬Ρ
磬óԡ⣬䳯Ц
Եôã̵ĻԵģǳǳһЦԵĲ˰ֵ̣ЦƽնûиԱ
ŵҡͷûѽֻûԹ
統ÿʧְ̾۾һżŵֵպóԵĺĶǡ
ŵĲɣһ𣺡š
һֱûгԣֻŵڳԣʱˣëǼιŵߣ
ŵȻҧס
лл硣ţЦݣüġ
ʴҴϣ·Ƽ׷̽ٸϫگڣ£Ҫ𣿡
ʿ첽ߡ
£ҪҪʵߡ
죡ʮֲ͡
Ƽ죬ĬĬ
ߵſڣιŵԶһĻٿŵЦûûεĿĵһʱ̫Ѩͻͻֱ
ĳУŭ亮
ӦȥЦӭӹȥѽػδţһ𣿡
ŵģȫûע⵽ʵЦеģ磬ɺóˣҪҪ˵ţѸһСߵǰƾҪι
Ƴһۣקĳ½ܣ޾㣬Ҫŵ
ЦģʵŵҲǳС۵ãôͲһԳԷ֡һҪռŵδҲ̫ԵЩ
Խɢĺ⣬㿹ּ𣬾ݹ޲ֵ꣡
䣬תƼ彣׵ĵֱֱĳĿڱȥ˫ӥЮɱ
ɱˣӲ㿪һԵӹһѳʵ
ʱ˴ʯ֮䣬ľϵĻѩ䣬֦۶ءзݣ಻ãȫһƴ
ŵֲǰȥվºǱˣס֡
ƣǴ򲻹ġ
ӽڽڰˣֱƶĽˣ˫ϥڵأһִڵϻһ⣬һؿڡ
硣ŵȹڳܹȥǰô𣿡
ӻδ˵ǱѪ
ˣȥ̫ҽŵô󺰣峺ˮɵˣ磬𣿡Сķ
˳żŵվ
һϢקŵ󣬽Լǰŵȥˡ
ŵ˦һ˫۶ʣҲȥΪʲôҪ˳
Լŵʣ޻˵ȥ
һķ䣬ǿӲ֪﷢ŶĻ𣬼ŵ°ͣǿúܣҾͲҪչ硣
˵ţֶȥĳС
ŵû¶ȸȥɡĳǻǿһ˿Цⰲ
ŵٿ̧ȥǵѪ
ʹ÷˫߬£ȭѹĿżŵˮ޵İСڲߣǾԶҪˡ
ŵشȥ
һϢֱס߻£
СǲôصˣܷܣŵޱȼĻش𣺡Ҫ¡
ããá
˵֣ת첽ȥ
Ƭ̺ҽˡ˵ˣֻúɻָݡ
ҪһµˣֻǺݣŵĬĬ롣
ҽߺ󣬼ŵĳУ磬㵽ĶˣΪʲôҪôص֣
ĳһЦ̧ŵɵ㿴ΪԴסķɴס
ŵȻͷ͵͵С˵Բ𣬶Һ㡣
ްȥɡ
һ
ŵߺҴҸжô˵Ϊúÿ
ĳдСչչ˽ǣȻһЦû¡ĸõġüͷ˿ܣԸŮ̫£ŵһԣˮ֮Ѿˡ
ϺεĲ죺ˣ
ĳеͷ
˶޽ҩνģﲻ⣬ɻѡ
ĳҲ֪
ΣŵҲ޷ڲ˸Ķ𣿡
ĳмɫüĸҪŵУͬ⡣һмģĸ˵ܶˣҪʲôʵۣĸǷͷɡ
Ϊã˦˦Ĺ䣬λ㸸ʱҪģȥģǲûԼĶ
Ҳ
ĸ
ĪҲϲǼ֣ʡ
ĳУʲô֣ĸ˵ֻá
Ǳá󽾰飺ܣĸԻΪ·ɨһϰ
ʶԻصδ빬ɫһѹˡ̷׷׹һСŮ£Ҫһ𣿡
ȥɭ
һڹŵö£ææ˳ȥϵķѾˣƼ£ȥѷ˸һ°ɡ
ڰǰ̧üģɫЩ룺Ҳȥ
ǡ
ƼǱڰϷţùԼݺݵĻһ²ѵƼͷ£ǡ
޽ȥֽ̧ԵƼ¡Ƽֿһۣȥˡ
ŵصδ빬ǰ磬ѩģЩۡսڣֻʰڰǰ
ŵ¶ߵ̿ǰֿ˿䣬΢ůһЩȥǰ
磬ȷʵ̫ˣҲǺһٷѣõŰ𣿣վţʡ
ֲϲ磬ҲֻǰҵáССģ죬㻹С۶Сء
̧ɫ޲˵㻹ʲôôĶס°
ŵһתҪߡ
ķνӣһѽקסúÿˣû˵ң
ţŵͫ󣬡磿
ÿüͷϸ壬ֻ·ˣīɫĲγһƬɫѪգˣ졭
ãʴĻҲܣ㻹ǺúõȥĹɣ˵ţҪߡ
ŵ׷ȥ磬ŵҩɡ
ãͷҲص߳š
ŵϣСŵǰ棬峺ӴΣ磬ˣŵáСֳ˳ڡ
һЦһûŵС֣ɫ޻йҪˣЩЪϢ
Ҫߣŵס֣磬Ҵˡż۾ˮĶҪᣬǻȥҩòã
ϵ˲Ÿոս裬ǰְһԼôûһ㷢ء
ѩôһСŵǼͶ÷죬Ҳˡ
ǲ̣Ҫޣתδ
ǰŵŽ⿪ѣһ˫۰΢΢Լ׳һӣðѪ飬һˮֹסµ
磬۲ѽ̧һˮٵС
СֿˣһϢɤۡǼޣһļۣ̌Ĩȥϵˮŵˣ粻ۡ
һ취ûС
ŵģСĸ˿ڣȻٸҩۡ
һдãĬĬᡣ˫ϼŵСϸϸĦˣˡ
Ҫ뵽ĿܺʹӦĳŵƿ޵ĺ촽
ţҲޡŵӣ㻹ûгԷɣСһݡ
סһ˫ֽС£ţŵȻ˵ϲңͲĶ⣬Ժ׽
ûк׽ŵ粵
ҿιԶˡɫ
ŵҧ֪Լֱ׳ˣҸѽ
ֲ׵ģҲУϵЩЩֻҲſΪ֪𣿡
֪ˡŵ
Լ˵Ҫٷ㲻ҲƯСŮһš
ŵһ¾ͼˣվţУܣԣùҪǸСŮҾҲҪϲˣߣ
¶ЦȴӦҡ
ŵͷϾʹӦ۾һתǲСŮ
ϲԴСģЦ˵
ҿСŮŵ˫߳Ҳңһɱһ
Լ᣺ɱô
ҡŵˡ
Ҳܣ㲻ҡ˽ʻСԴţĪЩƣֻһ˵ģֻҡ
ʾòԣ̧СֻСۿʪˣԼͷǼǼ⣬͵ĺ㺣ãһ˵ġҲʲôô
Ĳ˲䣺ŵҪʲô
ˡŵ͵͵ش𡣶ѾһжˣĽɽ
Ů˱ǣϢ֯һﵴһ¶ɤˣŵҪ㣬𣿡˫ֽˡ
ŵ̧ݵǰôôؿɤԶ˹ƻ
ÿѽҲ͸ů
ŵӿһů⣬ҲԽһϢͱۣԵɵɵ°͡
Ͳһʱѹԣ촽һལСһƲ
һ۸ҵأԺ㶼ңң
Сﾹǳ
ϴȷʵŭûй˼ɵĸܣûᵽеĿ֣Ĵ̾շҲһʱԺٺú
ҪСŮвŵ֮ӵҲǹɣ˵ȥܾˡ
Ÿ㣬ȥ鷿ʡ԰ӭ
ӵĸףŵòĸǳЦŵﰲ
ֽ̧ŵЦºͣ²ŵԽˡִһŵӣƻЩζҲӵˡ
ˡŵȾһ㱡죬Щ˼
³ͱµĻڣŵϲµ𣿡ʡ˻ʺ󣬱ҪһڹУɣ߻ʵ檣㡭
ǰ˵ЩŵɲɶһжˣİȫСͷȻЦ⣺ﲻΪŵģŵϲ£´ŵģ´Ӧŵֻһ˿Ҳŵ档
еĻ˻ȥ
ǱáЦЦͻȻһǳص鶼ˣеĹŮ߽ŵС˵ĸɱ˱ĸ飬Ҳ𣿡
ʲôŵһĿ
ҲǳԾģôĸϫûи߹㣿Ҳûк˵סŵС֣ŵͱ֮Ǳɱĸ֮Ƕܷ£Ҳףǡ
ˣôЩʱˣĸӦҲйˣбƽż
ŵţü˼ûѵûей᲻·Σգ
԰صδ빬ŵԺһֱĻ
ĸɱ˶ĸףô֪ϸĸҪ飬ɻѡ
ΪԭĸŷҪ

 53 

ʻ, ŵ˵ЩԭԭĸҧĴЩ˸, ȷʣ˵ö𣿡
ü, ġһֵŵ, , ң
ŵһ˫۾ü̻, ˵ҵȻŶ硣Ī, ˽, ˣòġ
ģôͶһ
ʽˣͷ˷ҲɿĬƬ̺ǽ귢߼ŵ
˵̫ϻʧɱĸףŵʡ
ʵͷš
ĸأйˣôҲţ
ĸйĵڶ, 
ŵСԴ, ۾ôģȥˣ
̧, ǵĦżŵ۰׵С, ˸űġ
̽˵ȥگĸگԶף
ŵҡͷ, δĸگѽ
֪ĸӵҰ, ȴû뵽ǻŵͼ֮ĸ顣ʮԪһĸӶȥ, گûع
һıļƻδʵʩǲߡ£ĸӶΪ̫ϻТһ꣬ʱ仹δ±ҪߣǺ⣿ΪҪⲻҲТ֮أ
鵭ĮɤҲ䵭ĺܣˣߡ
ǲϣڵϣ£ˣȻʵТһ뾩
ТǼٰҪıȨλ档ʳһ⼸λ󳼱㱻Ѻʶǣ
Ǽ˱һͽǿסˡ
ȥ¶Ц⣬ȥʱɴƽ
ڶ糯ʰ䲼ʥּͬһӼǰأگûؾ
˴δ빬԰ԧð͵ѿһɲ
ۿڵԽĽˣϫǱȴҲûϢֱڵǰ죬گá
ϫһŮװ磬͵͵Ǳδ빬
ŵڰǰд֡ſ춯˭ѽ˵ϰֵʱܽ𣿡̧ȥ
ĸŵһ۾ϳ˸ϫܹȥĸ㣬ô޷˫ֽϫס
ϫᣬһѽŮ£ڻƬ̣ʣҪɻˣ
ŵͷš
ŵ㲻֪гĸձѵ㡣ϫţȴŵĻ˼·
Ҷ֪ˡŵŸϫ˵ĸɱ֣ߺ̫ϻʧɱ˶ĸ̫ϻʲ˵ʵ˲ݸģ̫ϻ˵Բô궼κͻں֮С
˭Щģϫһʱ֮š
ŵ˵ģʲôˡŸϫڵߣױ̨óһľϻӣ㿴ЩǶҵġϲңԺҲĶҺá
Կףһذס
ЩǶȫˣԼһаңһʲôɲأŵ˵ţֻůůģҲԷģԺҲһҪԶܺãܺá
ϫϸ˿Ǽǻʵġû뵽ʾ㰮ŵǴѼŵ͵͵ߵģɿڣûбҪˡ
ϫϹˮİŮ
죬ͬ졣
ʹŵƽʣŴ̺Ϲźϲ֡һ󳼱ڹŵȺۺ̣һͬ롣
æһ죬ϻй硣
£ϫگһگʮȴῡʣǳϸϵ»ʺüмԼӰӣͷ븵ϫһ¶׵Ц
֪Ң켣ڱ֮У˺ӣߵŮ˱һԼĪһкСѽѽĲ֪˵ʲô
˾ͽıյˣҿŪ㲻ȥ
ãҲˡ֪Ң±յһЩǣӹ˾ͽСӣóԡһƬιߡ
СԽĺóԣЦ
֪Ңһ۸Ц绨ӣЩִչҪµġ
ҹģŵֻһСƣ˾ͲôˣԴκġҲ˾ƣûŸϴԡ
ˮŵͺСӵĺˣҲΣĹϡ
硣۾Цý
ţôˣʴر׼ϰӡ
ŵһɾȥ޵СţʲˣЦ̵ġֱ۽ӹСС˵磬ӡ
ÿʸϴڿԺճˣǲܡƵķ죬ɤˣǲ۸ô
ԺģŵҹϫĻ˵ֻҪϵĺãһּµĿܡͷЩߣֱ
ţʴչǣĦ
ðΣŵ̲סҧʵĴ
һϰеڵȥ
֮ļʱŵȥģֻԼҪɢˣֽۣǵ˶ƯƶˣƮƮġ
հ
ŵԡʱŷԼûУûи
ϻδ빬ţֻŵڹϣСţһģߣô
ûУŵת뿴
ˣװҪߡ
ŵקס۾Ǹƭӣƭӣ
һǳЦôƭˣ
˵һӵġŵһ˵ٿؾͺˣֺĴ
ԭΪȥڻСȼҪҲ١
ŰɡصԵ˿ţ⡣
Ҳԣŵƿ
ʮ㣬ŵһЩòã˵ְս׶䣬۾ױǼ
ֺ׺ðΣŵһ˫ֲʲԼȥš
ʽ§ˣִԲƨɣЦ㲻Ůţ
ŵʹ˲䡣ݸ̧Ʋ죺У
ֲԸҪźűšȻô˵ʿһ˫ȴ硣
ҸӡŵЦ⣬ᶨ
ãţԱǾȥӡ
ŵˣüɣ̫ˡ
ҧһڣҹһҹźۣǽ
ˣŮȼеĬĬ˳
վſڣ̲סƣʺڻʵϣ˵Աˣʵüι˻ʺһһڡ
ȫꡪ

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