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1 ǸŮ

үˡ
һͷ󺹵ĽŴݼҴҵ˳
»˽ϵѪһסŵ֣˷ܵʵкŮ
ǣǡŮ
Ųҿ۾֪پһƷǸƢ
̫ˣϳ¼ҹӶŮŮ޺ѽӴյһǾ˳󻨿
࿪ĵ㵸
ŷӺˡϡүСʱСס˲ӣѾزˡ
˵ʲô
΢΢һ㶣һѪڶ
ͬʱһէ֣һԶʮһ͵Ļ긽Ӥϡ
Ļ걾г˼һսŮҽΪͬ鲻
ͷʹ
˼濪۾һŷŴݺݵĳĶͷײȥ
ҵıŮӴ㵹۾ѽ
ʲô
šſҡ
˼˵ǸӤûзãֻѽѽķһЩ
үСˣһĹ¸жϲԣϲԲžµС㡣
ʹˢˢΧ࣬ĨһᣬЦããҳ¼ҵĺӲҡ
ŮҵŮҪҵŮ
·Ӳʣһѣ˵Ȱ裬һѪ±ࡣ
û¶ɣ㿴ǵŮƯ㡣
̫ˣֱСʱһģһ
·˴Ļӹ˼һ̣˼ͱһϢĶס
Ůһ˰ɣΪ˲ӣ⼸ûٳ㡣
˼̵ܿζ벻̾ȻȡֺζԵĶûڣֻƾԼС¡
ðŮеĳ·ΪԼιе㼱ˡ
Ůһطι
˼ų·˷һۣôѺȵĶȻҪȡ
ϱӣİսĵˣĸףδһТһֱΪ˹ڻ˻ᣬТĸûսҡԴҸֵ˵һֶͰɣ
˳»ϲǧϢܿڵ۶ˣȻ¶۶ϰû̫ϵǣ˭˭߽ݾûһ졣
-

2 ʥּ

ڽ˭Ȣҵǧǿһ۷أǲ֪ļҵС
ĳ峿컹δฮܱߵĽֵѾͥˡ
ҿţҵǧҪˣһүĴԹĸ٣ǰͺ̵ĽԼŮʹͷͣΪĲǹԼĵλͼ
һฮſ̽ͷ̽Եĸӣһɵ͸ûƵģĳฮ۶
Ӵ۾Ϲûվ𣿡
ʹã̽ߵģ׼ǻʹͷģֵǵʱҪųնġ
һסһ˵졣
˽ŵͬĨһٵ֮زز
ͣ£Ƶĳƿ߳С̫ࡣ
һŴӡ۵˴ŤҲ
ǹͷĴ̫ܹܹฮഩóµˡȫۼฮ
ˣʵگԻ޵֪ŮҲ氮俪ģش˽ڹдϯףŮЯŮһۣմˡ
ܹʥּһڼǳŲܹͷȵܹʥּУ
Ͳܹ
ˡ
ܹĿһֱߵŮ뿪ฮ
ʥּ˼ϻʹͷҪӴʹôŮҲǣˣ治֪ϵ
ҪΪԼıŮѡһˣʡûΪǣңҵıŮǼĻӡ
ϰԵۺӣԺиֳʹͷǼӵģֻһεҡҡͷ
ǲеģүĻһֻʮ꣬ȵŮǣͶʮˣ˻᲻ίŮ
Ϊ˴£һԺеͤ˼á
ò⣬ɹܼҶ緹
ȵơ
ϣү
ܼҺ£ƽʱΨһİþǺȾƣүȵľƣ춼Ҫ
˵һǵŮ޸һʮ˹֣
ȣĽйְ㲻֪ЩԱǰɣһϰʮˣҪȢʮ߰ĻƻŮʮֵ׳꣬ȢǵŮĲˡ
-

3 

հôľˡ
緹Ҳˣܼһԭء
Щʱഩ˳Ų˯ѵĳ˼˻ʹ
˼ֻڵϿһЩװ磬жԻʹ֪һҽʲôɼĵط
Ҳ
£е˭Ҳ˲һë
ĳ˼ĺɫС£Ҳڴ˿
ڶѾʱֻδҲδȵλ󳼲Щëꡣ
̫ԼȫǱ߽ͳ˧һ쵽Щɫ򣬻ϴҪˣûأ
һѴ󳼱ɿ
౧ų˼պüһĻôӵ۾Ůڣֻҧš
뷢ΪڸŮһõĸ
ңŮǷǾԲܵͨġ
Ǹٶܴ𣿡
һ᲻
ǵǼƷĹ٣
ҹپһƷ˻ϡүӡǸ֮࣬Ͼû˸Ҹұˡ
һλͨ׾Ĵ󳼿ˣæӭȥͽԷ
һָһ˼
Ůͥ׼Ǹ󸻴
⻰䣬Ѹپͱһƿ
ȥȥȥҹŮһ׼ÿ˵ţԼϣֲүأ
Ŷô˵°䲻үඣ
ʡˡ
һϵʶľ͹˵ϡ
ţҲ̹ߵݡ
һڹ˵ĻֱΣʼգ϶ûٿһ࣬ѾŮ
ڰƽȹš
лϡ
λվΨ౧ŮڵϺȺ
üʹ༸Ц˻ߣһ仰ͰԼ澡ʧǻá
һŴǾȾơ̸Ц·ͳ˼ǰڼҪ۵λãȴֲ
˸ĿʽʮֲǣΪΪҪò
ֻǻΪİ㣬ʲôҲû
Ժ˵עһ㡣֮Īڻϵ죬κε˶Ӧգ˻һ֤Ȼǻˣ϶ǲġ˵ˣ֮Եû϶裬ѧʶıռһ룬һΪҵ硣
˻
ͷСʵ
-

4 ɳ

ҵǶͳ˧ŴıȨ췴Ƕ׾ٵ顣ܳһԭǣ϶ɵǣ㣬ΪҪҳ֡
˼ǣҪ㡣
һԼŮԻ·һӱޱȡ
ԭˣǰòǾˮ£ϵĵܹ֮¶أ
°䣬ôһأǲ޶̫Щ㲻̫ʶأ
֪䣬ѾΣʲôʱߵߵģ඼֪
΢ҡ
Ҳңɣ˵Ůǽǡ
౧ų˼վΪеã˫ƣǶվŻϣѾڵˡ
ţ޿Ů˵ꡣ
˼ŻϣȦͺˣڳ֮۴
ϼ˷ǵŭֲ˼
ǣɶأ˵Ůӻ޾Ϊˣⲻһͨˣ°ɣһʹˣ޻Ҫıأ
ǣϡ
౧ŮߵԼλá
º಻ԵĿԼıŮŮղô˵أΪѿ
㲻Ҫ˵ˣǶԻ϶һвҵǿģҪȳҵ绹Ҫȡ
ߣȻ黢֪ҾͲˡ
ʹ
߿ѵʱһɤྲ
ҲȫʹķȥֻһɫĽӸһﴩѵ̧˽ںѾ߻ʱΧꡣ
ڳֻҪǸˣһɴ۾
Ϊǽ֮ˣھµɳ
ɳӽ߳͸¶顣
һɫɴȹɺɴ룬һŵı˰ұ
Ŀˮεˡ
˼ĽƳһߡ
һĭΪĿ˼Ϲ˵ʲôɳ𣿡
ǵĺѵͲĶ𣿡
Ķʲôã㿴˫۾ûУͲ˼ɳˡ
వһϺõʻܿҪΪϺ󹬵Щлˡ
ϲɡŮɫǿǳġ
-

5 

ɳݼϣԸ꣡
Ӯ壬޺úһ͸ˡ
æȥɳ
һٴܶ󳼶жϿνʧ˼㡣
ɳΪʱڱ߾ɧңɳʹ嵽ã϶ģǵĻϾȻ˲壬ʲô˶Ҫǰա
߰ɣ
ٵȵȣϼȻ˵Ϊڵϯ϶й飬һߣϷˣ˻ϣʱҸҵĹ٣һӲú硣
˼ֲֻ࣬ա
Դɳļ룬ǱŻһｻƱյ
ҹϯ˼Ļ˯˹ȥ
಻ҺȾƣΪﻹŮѳԵĲȣ˲١
ͻȻоʹ̣ŵλãﵹһéȥéˣŮø˭չˣ
Ϊ֮ʣһڽע⡣
ԭҲãŮչһ£أ׻˵ĺãʲôôץ𡣡
Ǻ౧˯ĳ˼첽ߵ˺ǰ
һжںΨ໳ﱧŵŮƲ۾
ܰϳչһŮûа취ˡ
ȥɣ
л
ཫ˼СĽŵ׾͸ĨƵģһ̾ܳ
һǱӰЦǸ֮ʱԴȴôʹ
磬ټŮĿģ϶ڶ֪
˼ཫİʱʵѾˣ۾Լꡣ
ôڵŮ޵״̬ǰһϰ̵Ĵڡ
ú˧
˼ͷ˵
һϰ̵ݣڿּƷСʱҪ֮Ȧ̬
ȴʱֹһ³˼СӡС˾ˣΪ֪
˼ʱ۾źЦ
˼һЦҲЦ˼
úߵĻе죬ҺԴĸ󣬾ʹδκЦȴһӤո¶Ц⣬ѵѽ
ҼҵǧʵɰŮˣҲ˳ż㡣

Ƥˣ⽫ȴñŮ
Ƽ˻Ρ
-

6 㲻

ĿһҪ¯𣿡
ţҪܻų㵱
˻档
ӻƭ𣿡
ĵĸԼһƣһߺһ߿ί˼Ļ
˵ʵóľƭˣ⻰ɲ˵
ǵðҲһʡ˷
ǡ
Ȼȥа
ߺ󣬺ֽתƵ˳˼ϡ
䴫ţ˵㿪ϵ磬ۣ
㲻˵𣿻⽫㣬ҲܵĸŮٺ磬Ǿã͸Ȣˡ
˼ĸ͡
˼һ¶ͷͷǵʱֻԼԴˡ
ǲǺˡ
˼ΪúΪԼˣʱ졣
Ϊں˽̶ȼΪ㣬һǸ뻢ڣڿһ޸֮Ůޡ
é˼ںĻ˯о͸Ϳ˷һȻԵ֣Ů˽⣬硢ĵ˭˶ֲͣ
ϳȼü֮ջ뵽һۣϳҲһ
ˣǰ㱧һŮҪٰģҪŮ
ʵ
Ҫ˵дأ
Ȼһྲá
࣬ɳ׵ģ˵޸޵λѽ
û뵽ϻ֪ʣǼӸͲ࣬ѧϰʱÿ˶Ϊ̫ܵӶŬܶţ̸ۼޣǸ˼ҲûǸӡ
ϣûӶʡ
󵨣࣬˼˵޵Ļ䲻ɳ𣿡
ϣû˵أӲʣѽΪһֵ֮׳꣬ɳ޸㣬ֱǱ
ϣɳѾãⱲӷ㲻ޡ
ɳ໰ûãֱӹ˻ǰ
װһΪѵӣǶ׻ϵ˼ʶһϣʵ˾
⡭
εĿɳ
ɳһžһ۽ǣվٵسŴһȥϲҪɳɳһ˰ˡ
ǧһ֮ʣ˯ĳ˼һɳǰ
ɳԴպײ˺СϣһĻڻϵﾹȻôĴۡ
ɳ滨̧ͷһʱĿԣЩڵô˵˵Ҫ޸ϵĻ
-

7 Զ

Ϊǰ꣬ǵ޽ӽ
мƻǣǰǰҲܰȥ
ɳû¶ɣ
٣һѽɳ§˻
ɳ̶ʹϣǲҪ𣿡
Ҫ㣬ֻҪŵ㡣ţȽɳȥЪţ˳һ̫ҽٸһЩҩ
ɳмĿϣһĨ۵׵Цֻг˼һ˿ˡ
˼ڵҽʱҲѧһЩ򵥵ѧ
ͨһ˵沿Լͫ׵̶ȣӶжһǷ˵ѡ
ɳ˵Ҫ޸ϵĻҲǳģˣ϶бĿģʲôĿģ˼ֻ˵վüġ
ɳȥ󣬺һ³˼ıӡûŵ㡣
˼ֻǳźЦ˵Ҳκα顣
ҡҡͷĵǣôܺͳ̸ĴҲһġ
һǺˣŻΪǧ˵
λ䣬ǽ˽ӴʹһʮҪҪ
Ρ
˶˵ɨһۺԼŮӤΪĵ˵ͷ
޵ĻʵܺȻ޲ǳͬһĸȴסѾʮˣҲ̸ȢͣŸѰһŻ¡һŮѾ꣬׼ǵʱ޸޵Ļʵ֪ܵλô
ӢǧɰǺĲѡ
λһͬϵ˼
Ψͷʵ£˿̣һ˫Թ񶾵۾Ķź֮ˡ
Ϊ²ףѾʮˣٹһѪյͣôûŮأԳãӦһһŮպüǣ۳۲ŻòŮϴͻ顣
⡭డأ
ͦãиҲοʥϵĵܵܣȻҲиС
˲֣һҪĳ嶯
Σڳ֮ϣٲ࣬ҲֻװǵĹϵܺá
ңһҲԼŮᱻŮ۸ΪŮֽ̳ģƾŮֶΣӲҲǳ顣
ܺãǾôˣպ󣬺ĵŮ飬طŮΪ
ϱΪˮɣȲҪϯλ󳼸ظҵʱ򣬺ڹϽԡ
ʱȢףӦˣڲλԶš
-

8 

ĵŮѾãѵһҲĶ𣿡
δĶ
һټ֡
ϵĿúӦǧĻ£ĵŮ⡣
ĿĴﵽˣŮܲܳΪѾ˵ˡ
డ㿴Ҫ޽Ļӡ
ϣŮţʲλá
ˣˣʱˣλ󳼻ؼЪţҲҪˡ
ϻʾ⣬δ಻Ů޸Ļӵ£ǵûΪԼ˵
ʵϣ˭͸Ҫ˵ԺĽɽ˭һǺĪڻϵǼλ׼ǵڻҵϡ
ֲɵҪŮ޸һôˡ
ߣѾˣپһƷȲҪͽӣҲûҪŮͽ
ڳɢŵʱų̣Ϊǵ࣬ǱһӵĻҪǲһ˯š
Щߣ
౧˯ĳ˼Ҫ
üͷŶԷֵˡ
಻ȥϢŮ𣿡
̱Ҳ̸һ̸֮£Ȼ̭ϷŮ
ƣƽʱһ˵ĻôͻȻתˡ
࣬Ȼظˡ
ɣ߹
˲ôһˣҲνͷβûд࣬Ϊ֮Ҳı䲻ʲô
ͺ
ǵԶȥӰ΢΢ǷǷ
һĻɰˣŭ𡰳»⣬¿ơ
һԼߺ󣬳˼۾Ʋһ죬ǵ۵ĳӰЦڽǲᰲֵģҪ˶ҵ¶ܱǸֻʮٱĻ
һ磬˼ͱһѣ۾һǷһԵæǰЦСˣʲô
ûأ˼ƺҲԲˡ
˵ģҲ̫СฮĳˣǸһܲԷҲһǧܲĳԷ
ðɣһǳԺɣˣôû
Ҳ֪ôˣͻȻ˵ͷۣү˹ͷ̫ҽڸ˿أ
˼֪ԼײˣһҪβ˼ԾԾ𣬺ܿ죬ֱԼĳ侲ѹ˻ȥ
̸꣬Ѿܹˣٸ˿ȫǶҪ
-

9 ҩռ

ǹŴڿ˼ʱ뵽ѧֻὫ֮ϵһ
ԣðա
ְ˼·ļ϶ٴ
֣˽㳳֣
һӣ˵ҪͬأÿһʱһԱڣסڻʳǱϣȻ㲻롣
˼ĬĬ˵ͷĵǣϵٶδҲ̫ˣӶȻɳɣ
·󣬳˼ֵİϴ˰һѾ߾ͰѺˡ
˼Ŵһ뺣࣬ͻȻе㻳ˡ
ɽ亣ζԶˣҲᷳʱ򡣡
С㣬Ҫóԡ
ţĸģҲܱȳԺǿ
˼ߺ󣬾Ͱ۾
һ˱ʧڷ֮С
˿̣һ˿Ƽܱ֮տռУ˼һԷȥ
Ҽǵҩֿһţȥأ
˼һûҵˡ
Խڴˣ˵ǣƽʱƹܵҩֿҲˣԺԳһռ䡣
ж䡢ҡһмҩƷѧҩﶼС
Ѱ޹ĳ˼ҩֿһЩͷ۵ҩƬһҩռ䡣
Ҳʱõĺ
СԺˣ˵Ҫԣú˼С㡣
лл֡
˼С֣ץһõĺι
Ŵһھó˼θڴ󿪡
һ緹˼ЩúĵģһҲԲˡ
֣Щķָǳԣɲ˷ˡ
С㣬ĳѽȥˣѾȴ㵽Ժ档
ˣֱȥ
˼СģҡҡͷСȻλƵľͳų·˷ķȥˡ
֪СǿѾţ⾯ѾߣСһͷͰǵͷȫˣȻȥ֡
ѾսսÿÿСҪˤʱǶֱ棬С㵱ӡ
˼ǰ棬ʶ˸ź󣬲Լаûڡ
㱧Ұɣ
ǣС㡣
˼һˤҵѾ߱ԼһѾߣ˼ֱȥɻˡ
ʲô֣
С㣬ū澽С䡣
ţĺжˣ
˼ĵʵ
-

10 

ѾСһСᵽԼĺСʱһ¡
С㣬ңֻкûĲ㲻Ҫү˵ҪҸϳฮ
С俪ʼ޿䡣
˼һͷǱ㣬СڴѾ˼£ͨ˲ע⻹ΪСأ
һƿˮЩʱԸȥʱò뷽跨ںˡ
˼һ͡
Сֹͣ˿գֻ۾мĿ˼С㣬ʵ̫ˡ
С¶һҳݡȹЩ꣬Ҿа취ĺҲС
С㣬˵ģûа취Σ㵱κҵ壿
СһϣĿų˼
˼˵ͷ㲻˵ˡ
̫С޷̨ûȻ껹Ǹ꣬ҩռһ˵İġ
СҪԣֻˮʱС俸ꡣ
ҩռĶ֮ȡֻ֮ǵƷߺ󣬹һʱҩռͻԶϡ
С㣬˵ķ䵽ˣū澾Ͳȥˡ
ţҲ˵㱧ԺҵѾߣҳĺġ
С㣬ū澵Я֮ҽһǡ
СҪ¿ͷ
˼ͻȻС조С䣬ôҾǾ˲һЩʹӵѾӣҲЯ㣬ֻҪһΪҾͺãЩؾشɲء
СʹãڻС֪լŹأһŮ˱ϰĶ㲻ѾߣҲҪѧЩ
Сһһĸ˼͡
˼һЦʱǹŴ
ŴŮˣǲױִ˼ıġ
ΪʲôҪЯС䣬ȫΪСкԭ
СкһȱСԱСԸСɳĵ·ϰһλʥĸôСؽĹ̷
СɺЩͨһֻܹ׾ˡ
Сõ˼Ŀ϶󣬹˷š
Ųһ˴򿪣һŷɫ·Ѿ߼Сˣ˲ͶЦ⡣
Сˣұɣ
ãźҲͦ۵ģͳ϶Ϣһɣ
˼ЦӯӯĿѾߡ
Ѿиʮ꣬ʾ֪Ѿ߿϶Ѿߡ
СһĳֻǷˣ
죬˭ˣҵıŮ
-

11 

˲ʪ۽ǣӭСͳ˼߽˷䡣
˼һݾͿԼ׿ڴϣ˫ĿоܱЦ⣬βסİ˻Ǹ˼׽һ
ױ
˼ų·۰׵С첲
·˳Ľӹ˼ԼĴϣһһµ˳ͷ
˼ľ״̬ҲãֻǱ˵ˣҪƽʱ͸Ǹһͣһ˵
ȳȥҪ˵
˼ŤͷС䡣
Ѿ붼룬˳˷䡣
ţ˼Ӷͳͷ۵İɫҩƬ
ɳǹ˺ܺãšͷأ
·˿ų˼ĵɵӣǹôͷأңͷ֢̫ҽβˡʱǰ̫ҽͨ뺣˵ʮꡣ
үģΪκүѾȥ뽭˳٢ҽˡ
Ϊ˲Ůʧ·ȻӹǹԼ
⡭ǹÿ࡭
ǧ£ɳ˵ˣǵصǿ࣬˵һྡ
ྡ
·ĬĬ߶ĸֻ֣÷Ůڣֳֻܱһʮֿĵӡ
үѲߵһ飬Ůϥź
ǣŮ̫С뿴ǣŮɹޣҼ޸һɾֻôҪ󣬿ϧ˵ȷǼˡ
ͷ𣿡
˼ָڳ·˵ǰ˻Σ·ֻоͷ۵֢״˲٣ֻͷȴ
ôŮ
·˽һߣץץţ˱˯˹ȥ
˼һµҩƬܻͷۣ˲˯ţֻĸʱĹЧĸʱȻͷۡ
ҪǣҩռһCT
Ϊֹûдȥҩռ䣬֪веͨ
Сִϣ΢̼䣬ͳҩռ棬ңѾCTϡ
CTȫԶģԲҪȥ
ԼĪһʱCTһеŮ˻Ҫ
𡭡
˼˻֮̿УԭؾסԼ͡
ֱ洫OO@@ĽŲ˼ѣص˷䡣
ʱŸƿ
һͷ׵ͷ˽ͷʮص㣬ҲеգߴŸҩ䣬һֺܹĸо
ǧѽȻǸ鶯ޡ
ͷһҪ˼С
-

12 ˿

˼Ķ㿪󣬳ͷ˭
Ůҽ٢񡣡
е̫ҽĲûа취㾹ȻһҰС
˼Լףʲô˵ʲô
ҽģּӴϲ׵ҽҽˣȥ룬治֪ӵҽ
޵治֪ߵغǿϣˡ
٢һ۳˼
æǰⲻǣԸ˽˼ȴȥ
˼ʹһ˴ҲҲȥҪ
ʵ˼뿴˳٢ҽθεġ
˰ˣԸžʹš
һӱ㲻ٴ˼
˼֪ʮֵӶﾡ˼
٢ҩ䣬漴ҩȡһϸ緢˿ߣų·˵˼Ȧ٢㽫ߵһ˰Լϡ
˿
˼˳ǣа٢Ȼһ˵ҽ¾ܿʲôӹҽʲôҽ
˿пҽ֮˵ҽҪ·㣬Ч죬лһʵ
ʵͨԼ˵ճ֢״ȷԷʲôͨ˵沿̬϶Էʲôڶ֣ҪҽҽҲһÿζ׼
ԼĪһ֮٢ֹͣ
ҵĳжϣӦǵԲļ
ϻͷ۾ųϵĲԲ⻹˵
˼ͷݺݵıһ٢
ҽҷ˵ĲôΣ
Ҫûгˡ
٢ٺһЦ
⡰ţȥ˷һӸҽ
࣬ҵҩʮġ
٢ͻȻ
סҪȥ˷Ѿߡʮ
ǰѾŵ˫ȵһʮӿδҲ̫ݳˣҪ֪ʮӸͨ˼ңһӶꡣ
˭ү˷أҪԼһԼˣٻʮҲֵˡ
Ѿߺ٢ʼΪ·˿ҩ
պС춼ڷվţ˼С֣СǰѯʣС㣬ʲôҪū澰æģ
ҳȥ
ǣС㡣
С䱧ų˼뿪˷䣬ߵſڵʱ໹С䡣
չ˺С㣬ҪиʲôʧҰƤ
ǣү
СһЩӶˡ
-

13 Ը٢

˼ֻͷůůģ̬ȹ䣬ӶĲʣƮɢ˾⡣
С䣬ȥɣٶмҶһȥڡ
лδ߳ӰСС仰ŵòͷҧˡ
С㣬ʲô
Ǹ٢ҵƭôǮҿ϶Ҫһٵû
С㣬٢ҽǲʲô᣿
С伫͡
˼ϣᣬ٢ĲΪһ֪һƭӡ
Ҫ˵ˣʲôˡ
˼һС䣬СʮģСסˡ
С䱧ų˼Ǹɻĵط֮С˼ǿ׳˵Сǰæס²ҪţҪ˵ȥฮȥ
СԸһش¡
˼˵ʶȤС佫ԼһƫƧԺ䡣
ţ˼ʼ˵߶¶
˵󣬳˼Ϊ޷죬ʱһֵ˲Ŀų˼С㣬ԸһӣҪʲô͵Ĳǻ˼ҵһëҲ˺ˡ
֮Ҫβã
ūžãӦͷϻ٤ײеĲǻȸˣҲܷ졣
˼˵Ļһ
٢޷ƭʮӣҪж˼ҵȣֻҪ˳ʮӾУ˺٢˼ˣ٢ʲô
ײףʵ˵ɣҪԸˡ
򵥣ͷעˮټཬֻҪ˵ȥûʱǳġ
ôͷȥڡ
˼˴Ĵָ
ҲģܱСʶǽǰ;ġ
˸Ҫȥ׼û˻
С㣬㻹ûиȥأ
˼Ҳɻ٢·Ǹԣ¶ٲæ
˭أܼңܼһὫ˵ֲġ
ڳ˼ҷѵʱһӰһôԾ¡
վ˼ɴ۾ôˣһǴҵġ
˵ҵǧΪλᱻ˴һȻ鴫
μ
Ǽ׷¹ߵݡ
ų˼С˶ڷ·վǰĲһ꣬һ԰ǵĶ
˼˹ӣ֪˵ʲôá
-

14 

ɣ
һ䣬̶СϽӹ˳˼
ĲѧãôʱڸĸƢ쳳㱾Ϸأ㵹ã⺦˵֮ȴʦͨ
˼װȥ£˼ʲôˣҲˣװȥеˡ
ˣҵúÿһ
ⷹһһһ٣Լİ壬һܱ֤Ǯ֣ܱ֤ԷԴҲ鲻˭ɵģƭ˵ļҽҲҡײƭ
˼һת˷һΪʲôûأ
˼ȲҪ֪˼Ļش
ңһʲôĿģ˵ɣҪʲô
󣬾һһȵĴԣʱϡǡбһֵܶȥμӣһʢ磬ȥۿ
ȥ̫ΣˣһǴڼá
ģҸֻһԵͣұ㣬˭Ҳ㡣
˼˼ȥμӻҵĴԣܽҵһȫʶһ
ڳ˿쳤֮⣬Ǹõ˽ҡ
ΪұʱİԶпڵİǱǰ
ãȫ㡣
˼ԴںĻ˲䣬ͬ˺顣
ܿģһ˵λ˵ĸɾһ㡣
ǣ
ţӰһ֣һʧ˵Ұ֮С
˼쳤˲ӣֹ˵ӾпߣȥӰЩôأ
Ҳ˳˼˼Ц㳤ЩҲΪ㹦򡣡
һ׷ϣسŵ
˼ôϲ赶Ūǹֻһʱѧһôأ
վûฮԷ٢֪顣
ȥ˳˼һ棬Ȳѯйغ顣
Ůѽ˵ʲôûУ
ȥμӴԣֻǸһ𵱿͡
Ŷã۵ıŮ꣬ӵһʶȫĻ׹ݵĻᣬŮѽ
źӹЦϲѾȫռĴԣҲڲ˼ʳ˼˵ʲô֮ġ
԰緹Ϊ˼˯ϰߣСΪӡ
-

15 ҩ

۶ֵѮȴ죬ȳ˼˯š
ȳ˼ָСȫˣ۵ıǰڴߵʮӡ
˼ĵĽÿһӶһѣСһӣʮӾʧ
ſڷ͵͵۲˼ĺɻһޣȻôַûôأʮӾͲˡ
˼û书Ȼ֪ˡ
صԼĺ
ǧƽʱʲô˭ʲôǶҪһһϱûС
ǣ
ȵȣ˯ԡʱǲҪǸ֪ǿˣһڵǵӡ
ֱⷬ飬ǼүǲǷˣһŮδʲô
ڵ۶ſɿܵŮ޲δҲ̫ˡ
ߺ󣬺Ҳڷ˵Щһ飬Ե̫û
ˣЩԸôôɣҲֻͷ롣
䣬һƵɽ֮ϣһӰһᲱϵͷȻתѡ
ͷǱˣҽ٢
٢δУҲһĵͼҪͷһˣǾöԷ֡
ߵĺúõأôأ
٢ţһɽϮ٢һ顣
裬ѽĶô˰ôߵĵط
٢ǽƺҲû˴ļ٢ˮδδʳЩ
һϢʱ򣬺˽٢
һپ٢ǽƭָ׼´ξֱӵιˡ
٢Ȼϴĸ棬ˣΪһʼʩС
ȻⶼǺ󻰣԰ĳ˼С䱧˳·˵ķ䡣
·˳٢ҩȻ˯ޱȰȡ
С䣬ȥȵҩ˹
С㣬㲻볢ɣϻ˵ĺãҳԣҩԲҺȡ
ҲǺȣһ¡
ŶǺðɣ
С佫˼һŵľϺ󣬱ȥȵֻʣһ׵ҩ
СĵǣСⰮõͦأƫҩζҪ֪ҩζ˸еࡣ
С㣬ҶŰɣ
һ㡣
˼Сصλȷ磬һҩĿζѸٴܽ˼ıǻ
пǿൽеĿζڳ˼ζŴȻķҷ
-

16 Ҫ

ҩӦضˣǻһ𣬲ΰٲɱΣ˾Ķܵƾŵζ͸ҩ綨أ
˼Ŀ˼һСС͵³ζҩƤʯһˮΡѪ࡭
ߣ٢ǴֱʣȻƭƭǸ￪ЩҩģȫޱȵĲϡ
һζƤʯŵִÿۼǧǧҡ
۸񰺹ԭҪжһƤʯֲѡ͡ڶƤʯֱ֮ΪɲݣٵĹЧ
Щҩһ𣬾ͳһζ²ҩںȵ㵹ûʲôȶ˷ʵ䷴Ͼҩֶ
ͷԵ㻺ͷ۵ҩ׻Ҫȡ
ֻСĲֲһϣһˣִҽѧԼ
һڽҽѧԵˣȥأ
С㣬үˡ
ڳ˼˼֮ʣСǰ˻Ρ
˼Ӧ󣬿Ѿະ˾䡰
һ£ҲŸ˻¶
粻Ǳ߾ͳ˧ҲµĲӦڲԱʱ֮衣
Ҳϣǣӷͳ˧ƫƫҽھӪͷҾţҽʿϰģײ᲻˵ԼƵҩ˵ǺܻܰܳڳȫӪʿк˵ﲡˣȻҹдһ飬أ
Ҫʵ̫ˡ
˼һԼȥ˱߽ͳ˧һְĵľͲűˡ
絽ڣδԼ磬ҽֿԼ׸磬պΪա
˼Ȳй¶ܣֲ᲻ѧϰΪҪȵǵס
֣ıȻϻġ
һ۳˼
˼˱˵иʱҲиͲѽ粻ǲѽ
ţ⻰ҰǸӻҾüҷһ
ۺӣ˫֮ϣ
˼ץץԴôδ˵мҷһ¶
Ϊ˽еɻ󣬳˼ŤͷһС䡣
СסЦʹյ˼Ķ˵С㣬ʲôҷү˵Уǽˡ
˼ΪԼһ亹δͷˣǲ֪ʲôӡ
-

17 ¶ˮ

үˣҸ˵϶Ҫ𣿡
·ʱ۾
һЦ·ߣסûȷҪˡ
˺ѽҾ»һһ죬ʱһҲš
˵ʲôأ٢ڲ˵ЩĻ
٢
˼ͷЦεض֪أȻΪ٢κ
תһ룬˼һ⡣
磬ͽ٢֣ЩеֿõҩƬóԡ
С䣬߰ɣ˼ҵĶ硣
˼СĳС乴˹ָС䱧ų˼߳˷䡣
˼Ȼ뵽ԼŵСϸһƿˮš
С䣬ҷŴϣȥҴһϴˮϴϴ˯
С㣬㲻ʱǰϴ𣿡
С䲻ΪСʺһϴ裬ϾСƤ̫ۡ
ţǾϴŰɣ
Ҳãϴˮܰ˯ߡ
С䲢δС㣬ʵǼٽˮ֧ȻΪˮ
˼СŵϺ󣬶ڷϵİغһڳ˼߷أͼ˼Сһӣֱ߶һƿɫҩˮ
С㵽ʲôаŵĹַ֮죬ȻһָȡļӸС
Ȱ룬Сһϴˮˡ
ΪСҪϴ裬һ뿪˷
˼˿С䣬ֿ˿ͷߵ¶ˮҲʧߣȻΪƿķˮԶֻҪϱĶҲӵУҩռͷΨһζģֻߵ¶ˮˡ
С䣬Ҹˮſϲϲ
С㣬Ǵѽū澲һһƿˮū֮ˮǲ˹ģֻв˹С㣬ū澻ǲҪˣ϶ܹذɣ
ء˼ҪЦˣִһƿߵ¶ˮֻҪĳһ䣬ſžʼĻؼҡ
ֻʱִֵͬǮеĻ¶ˮŴͲһˣļóʱ⻨¶ˮ׬һأ
ҸģҪ£ĺ
ллС㡣
Сɻ˵ĺ˼һ˵ٲ˼ҪҲֻܺƤ¡
šĸӣסǸɫİťһ㵽Ҹ¸һ
-

18 

󣬳˼Сʹû¶ˮ
С䲻ǵһѻ¶ˮǲ˹ˮŮˣҲ·˼һ̾ͻᡣ
һ£һŨֽϢζ䡣
СĲпⲨ˹ˮǷͬ죬˱ǣ絽ϻֵġ
С䲻ӶԼҸºúһ
С㣬ŲˣѾȫˮڸסأͣˮ̫ˣڸ߶ᱻѾ߱ӣ˵ң˵зԼô㡣
ʲôǾ͸Ҳһ㣬ϵĲ˹ˮ㹻ʮġ
˼νİڰֻ֣ҪٳЩСĺֱͨˣʮʱ㹻ˡ
ллС㣬ūʵ̫ˡ
Сж֮Ҫ¹
˼ûСǸ֪ͼˣСԽãСԽȫȫķ
Щ֮񣬶ǹŴĹأþϰ߲ǡ
˿̣УĵԼİ˼һзȤ¡
ᵽ˼ƾóһɫƿӵʱ򣬺̾ʹվ
ȷ
а١
ҲС㽫ʮͽָûˣѵ˹ַ
˳˼һ뵽Сͷ磬ֶǱ߾ͳ˧䣬Сٻص书Ҳ
ֻһޣûã书ġ
ɷǷѽ⣬ֻһٶ
ǣ
ߺ󣬺ฮҵǧ𲻽ǴϻһЩԵܴڡ
ԽԽȤˡ
磬·׼ΪԵİȫæµʱһƿ˺Էš
ҵǧ
Ŷϡ棬ɣ
С˵ˣҪһ˳ȥ
̧ۿΪһʹҺƾһе㲻ܡ
ʵϣе߹Һ
ȥõһǧֿܲտա
ǣȥ
죬ֻһֲٸʵס
Ȼ㣬ӹ߳˺
һɫںſͣ˶ʱ˸ϳԼվѾߣҲûˡ
-

19 ί

൱ǷŵģŮ꣬žȻ
ū澲μӺ
ˣСأ
غڳš
СΪƿ˳һޣͦñֱէһһСˣֻϵδѣֻĽʵ
Сͦ磬ûûԵĻеġ
ˣ󡣡
˵գ˼ųС˻֣ߵһߡ
ҲʶСҪ˵Ļ˸ĻԼڰİ
С첻飬ǵ࣬ʱŮһү۾أ
Ҹ˵¶ﲡˣҩð٢ġ٢˲ˣԲѰƭӣΪЩҩֻ㿪ڣҵŻŷŲҩ
·˲ˣʲôϵýοһˡ
ܰæԴﳤ˶ᾭͷۣصʱ˻ʡ
˼̵ܼ뺮͡
һͷˮǳ˼Ǿҩúɻ
ʲôҩǱǺ«ɣ
㿴
˼׼õҩƬһֽС
ӹֽ˵ࡰҲҩȷǰǡ
ܾСͿľǹˣǣֽ𿪵˲䣬һ׵ԲƬôС
ԲƬʯͷһŻеɫ
˵ҩ
ŵĿ˼
˼˵ͷһֱ̣һҩƬԼĿС
࣬ѳԡ
ҩƬ̽ֻһп
˼ЩΣǸԵҩĺὫҩǳԣǸӣ׵ľΪǣһҩأ
˼ͷݺݵıһѺתһ룬ʮ꣬ͳˡ
ȷҩԭĲֻһž;Դġ
ģһͺˣҩǻʹ˯ߵģһ˳ˣٻܸܵҩƬҩЧġ
ףðЩҩý̫ҽһóȻȥԣһԳ⣬ɵ𡣡
ҩƬԼС
˼˶ˣ룬Ҳ벻һСĽˡ
ҩԲúУһ̫ҽǷҩãٲٸʵףʱ֦ɲΪһЩԣЩܹŷ
һԼø׳԰ɣͷˡ
-

20 Ů

˼ȥҩƬ
һץͰɳ˼ֻС߬
˵ˣôܷڡʦ˵Ҫʵţɳ
ֲǾӣСŮӡ
˼ͣýߺ°ڡ
һصֱӽ˼˻
˵㣬СС;ѧˣ㳤ٽ㹦ҲҪ򡣡
ҪҶңڣմ󡣡
˼Ϊһ
ЩĲ̣ԾͽеҩƬ˳˼
Ҳҩģʲôã֮øԡʶһλҽ֮ҽøǮֻҪߵĲ֢㹻ӣ㹻ˣ᲻κöԷ
ҽ˼ʱеޱȵʧ
ҽһ֣֪á
ˣĲûôأһҪؼҡ
˼ľ죬æһϣôĭʲô¶Ҳûɡ
ʵڲУÿٷЩҩƬһЧġ
ֻ٢￪Щ²ҩָͣ£˼Ѿ֮С
ȻѾķԣԼİȥҽˡ
ȥ
ãѾߺͳò͡
˼ǿС
Ǿഺ硢ɰ޺ʺϵ飬һȤޡ
һټ֣˼ֻա
һ͸жѾС䰭ںûҽȥԾš
ķΧֵֹģˣ˼ֻԼһӤһλʲô֪ƫƫ꣬ôһţ۲ݵĸо
㻹ǷɣȵĻš
ţôСһܾٸˤô죿
§ס˼ڣǱȽġ
һ§ų˼һÿӵȲͣظ˼ŷ硣
Ժڵķ޹²ҵϢó˼һİ
أ˼˯⣬ɾʱһд˳˼ǿҪ˯ġ
СҰɣ治ǹġ
ԣͷҾ㡣

̱ĶԻ˼ں淢ʲô飿
С㣬ĵŮΪһŮأ
˼Ȼϲ򱧲ƽֻ꣬ٳȥһСƶơ
·ɣ
˼ˣյͣ
С㣬˵ǹȥ
дҵҪǺҲ
˼ҪӺĻȥκǱԸվ
Ҷ㴦¶
-

21 ײ

󣬺ų˼Χ۵İûһ˲ʶǷ׷¹ߵݣУһֱ޳Ůļ㡣
˼ĵһۣ;һĲɷС
һȹͷһ˿ţ毺õݾֻЧ֮һլжϲС
ǰҸڳ֮Ļ£ҲףΪλҲҡ
㿴һ̣۾˲ʱɢˮ
˼ò˵
ΪԣǣΪλһŮ࣬㲻֪һŮò٣Ǻڵ۶ȥġ
ַ㡣
ſڣڼߵѾͻȻָ˺֮ˡ
С㣬㿴ǲǧ𣿡
ôںĻ
һ˲۾仮һĨ
ܿ죬Ӻ
ֻ֪˽ûп̡ŮһȳȵϵϵǵûһТģҵĳ˲䣬ϵҵƣĿĺܼ򵥣һǮ
ǰǶˣŮֲͷһ¶һΣǸŮϻһԱ⣬Աԡû뵽ߵʯͷˣǻá
Χ۵İҲ¶һһ䣬Ů˵
һڵϵȳһȳһյĴӵվߵŮǰ廤ŮҪˣŮҲǲΪ֮ҪǮֻһ·
Ǯߣͷлôȥɣӭ¥ô˹ˣôŮȥ׬ǮϣҪͶˣһͺŽסǵַ׬ǮǲҪġ
ԸŮ
˼ȴǸŮ۾п˾֣ҧŲ԰׵촽ƾϵѪһһεڲ䡣
ͻȻŮ㳯żͣһߵײȥ
С㣬ֵԼˡ
ס϶
һѴɫ·Ѿ϶
Ůһͷպײ϶Сϣǣײһֱˤ˵ϡ
ͣײɾ˭ҲԹˡ
ֻŮĴ˷Ϊó˼Ϊѽ⣬Ůһ
СӣǴҼּǰɣҵǵ࣬һСŮܵ𣿡
ŭŮ
˼һĻȲԼŮҲᳫŮΪ
ܳںԭ򣬶ԼЦ
-

22 ԩ

ȳһεŮǰżǿͷǵǸС㣬ҺҵŮԩǲΪǮǴԱеõʮӣҸŮδΪ뻹ȥͼƣҲˣΪһ٣Ϊ۸Ůԩѽ
ԩкԩ
Ƴһۺ΢΢
ǷװĴȺó˼ΪղŻһڳΪСˡ
˼ȷо綾
ȳ漴ӻͳһ״飬϶Ƹæӹ
ԼĪһյĹ˶ʼͬԸŮ
ԭŮǰǸǧС㣬ȳǸԱ⡣һĺܺãԴȳȢһС檻ؼҺȳ˾ΧС߻ơ
С檺ӳǽү̲ȳ˵ĲƲȴȳϳ˼š
ŮҲСѰֵĵطҪŮ˳Ⱳ
Ůһֽ״齫С檸ү浽֪Ϲٹ໤Ǳ۶ֻϣһٺΪԩ
֪ԸŮ󣬾ڶյ棬С
ܱǸҲ֪ǶЩһҵԩ
лС㣬ŮǵԩܿҪϴˢɾˡ
̫ˣûǵһˡ
Ůӵɰڳİոжϡﻩ
С㣬ôоԸŵϷأ
С䣬¶϶ģֻ룬ԩû֮ԸŮǷܹǰĸԣ
˼˼
С䵱ҡҡͷǼҲٷ֮ٶС檰ܹˣܹܰһԱ⣬ܹܰԼ
Ĳ
˼С˴Ĵָ
С俪ĵЦ绨Ψ˼㳯˼ͶݹĳŵĿ⡣
߰ɣ
Եǿһ־磬ų˼Χ۵İҲ׷ɢ
Ѿ϶ǧ˻ȥŭ˼
벻ŮͦһСͰѺԵģҪǳ˻ˡ
϶˵ʲôأ˼ֻһޣҪ˵
㲻ָ
㲻ҪһؼôҪۻغ
˼ںĻһ˫ˮĴ۾
ฮֲֹһ·
ѽС㣬һȸղŸ·ߣֻҪƵˡ
-

23 ԩ

ʱĴҲֻôѿǣͺԼС㣬Ϊһֵݵĸо
˦˦ԴֻԼˣʼ˼ˣǱ㿿ڳ۾
ʱʻฮĴš
֪ԼıŮСǸѾͷȥ˰죬õֱӻС䣬ɵԼŮǺʱҲˣúÿ佱һС䣬֪Ů
μ
๰˹֣Ҫ¡
һǰѾ˯ŵĳ˼ݵĻ
಻ض񣬱£Ҫһá
Ҫñãøϳ
Ŷˣ˸ҽϾ͵ˣʱ˺úÿһ
ûתһ
ǽһж⺮ŮؼңΪķҽŮ¶ǰ϶ˡ
ʱ˿̣ฮڣΪԼŹھ۶İŮԩ쵽ףͲţƾԼʹ˺ע⡣
۰ͰΪд󳼺Ⱦȥˣʱ⣬ȻǿĵĽ
Ůѽָ㰲һ׮£ҲǸү
үľǺŮɲҪѵŮ޸һݰ˵ˣݰԵĵλû˿á
Ů⺮ϲ㣬Ҳû취˵ֻǱȺСһ꣬۵λŻȺôأ
ѽܿϱСֲǲ֪߸ŵȫˣҸηǷһ䴫ģŮ޹ȥǰˡ
ѽǷǡ
һţǺڲѣûнƸֻǻŮ˼£׮ֻա
ˣҺ£ܼ˵鷿Һüʱ
¶ŽڽϷͷβིһ顣
ֱ㡰Ů˻ո¶â㣬˺ע⣬Ҳû϶Ŀ࿴ʱҾܸһˣʡǸһѹҡ
Ůһ¡
ҹ۶ߴ
һӴһԶɶ¥£һҩ䣬һƵߣֻܿ
ˣҲڲסĹ
˭ѽϵøû꣡
ฮܼҵķڴԱߣֻҪˣԶǵһš
-

24 û

Ŵ򿪺󣬹ܼ۾ǰʤѩ°ߵӣܾһʱ벻
ǡ
˺·˿ҽ
ҽ
ܼĵǣһ٢һҽҪƭӣֻүһžȷˣںԷǲƭӡ
ֻλǺģͲܵ
ҽ룬·Ѿ˯ˣٸɣ
Ҳãˣ˵ŮŮʮֿɰܼܲһλǧ𡣡
ǣҽ֪ʲôʱٹʱϹҪˣȥС㣬ⲻΪ𣿡
ܼʵЩҽǲëС꣬һޣһҽȻҹСķ䣬ֻΪһСĿɰݣⲻвʲô
ҽܼ˵ҭֻЦٿܼΪҴ·
˯үķɣүн񱣬ǵҽĿ϶Ҳ
ܼһ˵һǰ·
ںҽΧϤһУһ𽥾
磬˼ͱѾСˡ
С㣬ҽҹˣҪΪˣҪҪȥһ£
Ҵ·
˼һ
Сĸ˼·󣬳˼Ҳ˲ϴСţ﷿ķܡ
ʱҽҲſ
ҽ
˼ǽ˶ͦεļʵ
ҽһ٣ŤͷĿС䡣
ҽ
Сһ±ƣС㣬ֿߵ˧ҽ֪λش
ιҸ˵㿴ҵѾʲô
˼С첻ĵҽ
ҽ΢ǰͽ˼СĻ˹
Һúÿԭ˵ǧ𣬳úͳ·̫ˣԺǸˡ
Ѿ𣿡
˼ɵĿҽ
ҽһЩ͵ҲµģҪǳ·˲ҲȻôɰŮ
˼֪ôˣǾҽֵֹġ
ŶΪʲôҪߣȻΪʲô¶ΪΣ
ҡ
ҽĿ˼
û뵽ݵߵԼܵĵһؿ
ŶһޱȣٲûˡΪҽߣԼֹۣȥһ벡ħĲأ
-

25 ԭ

ҽ˼ˣҲһش˼κһ⣬ֻǽ˼С䡣
С㣬ȥ·ˡ
վס鷳ժﵨСɱ
ҽⷬ󣬽һȣûˤ
ž˰ɣ
ҽпأ˹
ҽԶϷûʵѿѽ
೯ҽ˹֡
ҽʶľһ˼ҽҽϲװأ⵨ҲƵģ֮ˣȷܸ˿
ˣ²һݽ棬ܸ˿ҵҡ
ҽѹɤ˵
ó˼ãҽĺǿһ̵˵һѪգԵڵѮˡ
ҽ⣬ϡ
㲻˵ϾҪΪζˣӰ
ߣǸӶǲһֻҪ̤ţҾʹĹȡ
೯Ŵŵλ˼䣬תһɫı鳯ҽһơ
ҽ΢ŵЦЦһֱں濴ҽĳ˼ܹԿҽڲ
˼⺮˵ˣҽˣ˿ǶЩ֢Ȥȴ˵ˣǾֻһֿˡ
С䣬жߣû
˼Ϊȷе뷨㽫СյСĶʵ
СҡҡͷֲүүĸȻټͬʱڼڵʱ򣬻ϼ۵ġ
ðɣ
˼ƲƲ죬ֻС˵˵û˵
˼ߴСȽҽѾΪˡ
ò˵ҽַͦ죬ǲ֪жˮƽ
ˣӦǵԲһ̿˵Դﳤ˶ˣ޷Ρ
ҽ㱨
ԣľ̿ڡ
ҽ٢ȴ˵ҵķ˻ºҵķ˿˲ҩ˭ҽ˭ӹҽ
ŭֱָҽ
ҽͷ˵˼Ļҽֻ˦뿪
ߺЦӯӯڴϵĳ·˵ҽ½ǡ
϶ˡ
ãûа취κ㡣
ǰҽԳƵˣֱӹ˳·˵Ĵߡ
˼һֿܣǡǡҽ¶Ҳ󷶳֮ڡ
-

26 һ

ﶼˣʲôĶӣһŮҲûʲôźˡ
˵һ᳤ġģѰ£Ҳҳκİ취
վժϵߡ
˼һ̿ԼһֵŻһӡ
ֻѾۣų·˰ݣתҪߡ
˼æСԼһ˵ϵСϡ
磬һ㶼𣿡
㶣ִų˼ļ˵ұ뿪Ҳߣǵö̰棬һ
˼δһ˵Ŀܹ˼ᶨȴһ
˼ɵĵ˵ͷڳϾȻ߳󣬳˼׷˳ȥ
·Ҳµȥ׷ϽδŵأȴЩԵ
Сæס·ˣͷ͸Ƶģһǳ·ˣһС㡣
Сô죬һˤţǿô죿
һ˼Լܻ˷䡣
㿴ʲô
ֻ˼·һСƿ·˺СҲ֪ʲôСƿǺɵľСˡ
ѽⶼ𣿡
·˶ԱʲôĲ̫ðҪǣӻŮÿҸ
Ĳ˹ҩܱͷۡ
ɵóԣֻҪҩͰĵĳԡ
·˽ӹҩƿСϲͣĦš
˼Ч㲹˵ˣǸ٢ǸƭӣҩԺٳԡ
ֲҳ٢ҩܾûʲôЧԭǸҽ
·Ħҩƿ϶Цó˼پá
̫ʱˣ£֪ľԼִҩƬҳҲ˵ˡ
ֻ磬ڻ̯ƵʱҪĥ£ȵܽһʱһһ⴫ִҽѧ
Щҩİܶӳ
ôϳҽģ
ҵĺҹ⿴ξ֪ƭҵġ
·˹ߵЦ⽥ţֳ̾һĵľ磬粻׷ƫҽֻ̫ϲкӵУϾǵ࣬ҪжӵУ񲻳ЦֻΪӣİãʵ̫ˡ
-

27 Զ

ǾͷһٻʱҽȺ¼۶
Ҳɣ϶
·Ц⡣
˼ã̫ʱˣϧǣûиú˵Ựˡ
һȥ
ôţҽǺˣǾܵġ
ǣʱȴ·˸֪ҽҩˣҷδա
ˣҩŸоô
ү㵱˼ǻ٢أٺõҩҲóԼ쿴оһûأ
ҲǣֻⲻҪǮҩ𣿡
Щš
·˵һࡰүǸ٢ʮӣҽֿʼͷˣ˵⻨ǮĲҲû𣿡
๣˹ӣһ仰Ҳ˵
ʱ򣬳˼һ˼Ϲϱ˼ԵǶƤĹģҸ
Ա󣬳˼˯Ĺҩռ䡣
εĽУ˼ҩռУʱǾֹģһ죬Ҳҩռǰӡ
˼νǴһЩƷ
ǳҩԳθԼһ˵кܴӰ졣
һ˼ҳʮƿƿ޹ޣۺѡһ£ճ˼ֻ˶ĲĿںƬ
ϣԽԽðɣ
˼ֹһ䣬뿪ҩռ䡣
˯һСͽŴ򿪣һˮ
С㣬ˮˡ
˼Ժ۾Сһкõţ͹еɻģ
ɳ͵ģһƷԱյɳزţ͹ɳΪСר׼һүˮȥ
ɳˣǲ֪ôǺξģ
˼һֱɳ˵ĿĲǣ¶ֲģֻҪÿ˯ãԺþС
˼ôϲţ͹ζûԼڣͰʣµĸС䡣
Сһ˳Բֽ꣬ţ͹˼ݸˡ
˼СΪͣиͬͬСĵط
Сţ͹󣬱ų˼
һͲ״Ķȥ˼״ɵó˳ǣΪʲôأǸԶѡ
˵ɳܿʲô𣿡
Ů㿴СֻҪԶһڵ˺Ͷܿ
˼װһӣţнӹԶǰһһĻŵĳ
-

28 ࿴

ʾ֮ฮԺ
ձµŮȻң׼ȷһ˵ռŮıˡ
ŮѽΪҴÿĳ档
ѾˣŮķײ˸ţ˸ŮѾˡ
㣬㶼֪ˡ
һ죬ʱ治ܰԼŮԴȻֻ̺꣬ͼ⣬ȴȳ˻Ҫ
˼ԶС䱧Լ뿪
ȴĵĽڳ˼ߺ󣬼۲ฮһһ
벻϶һ棬ϳڿһŽйˣ
С㣬Ҫȥҿ˵ˣһµأͷˣҲˡ
˼С˵ͣĵǣҩЧˡ
繬ҽԣʮʱ䣬ζʮÿ춼Ҫҩ
ţȥ
˼ĵĵ˵ͷ
ţС㱧ų˼ȥ˳·˵ķ䡣
·ûȥ棬Ǵڷ·
˼һ۱Ƽڸ·ˮһӾģ˫ۡ
˳С죬ſǻкܶ·㲻ġ
ŮеĲŮ·ģ·ٺãҲȲġһһ컵ģҪ쳹ײˣʱûΪŮһѣҲĿġ
·˼ͷ·ϵЦУ˼ЩĲ̡
С佫ߵߣΪﴷСȡ
㲻Ҫͷţû¶ʱȥ䣬羰ĲҲаġ
ŮѽδŮ˲ܳȥҹ䣬Ϊ˸ŮˣҪûд¶Ҳܳȥҹ䣬ᱻ˵лġ
·ĵĽ̵˼
˼ãķ⽨˼ڴݲŮԣǲһٴЩȥȥô˵ǶǱ˵顣
㵽԰һ䣬Щȱˡ
Ҳã˵ŮСް⻰˵һҲ١
·˼СԴЦ⡣
˲ˣү۾ͻȻˡ
ʱĴܽ
·ϢתһӾЩġ
죬ȥС
Ѿˣ˵ү۾βˡ
޿䡣
·˸ˣЩε
ڷ飬æǰס˳·ˡ
-

29 һΪʲô

ˣӹǲãЪŰɣүҪС㡣
Уȴȥү
·˴ſǻˣʲôС
үǵ࣬ڽɽ𢡢°նشãҪǾʹϹˣǳ͢һʧ
ԣϣЩȫٵϡ
𼤶ȥ
˼ߴС䱧Լȥķ䣬Сӿ첽ӣų˼ϵʱɿһа̾Ĵ뿪
УҼүô
С̲סʵ
˵۾˳棬ҽʮ꣬δ֢״ԭϷãˡ
ҡͷȥ
ܼæС仳ĳ˼
Сѽүһ뵽ľ㣬ˡ
ҵúõģô޶˾Ϳˡ
˼ܼұ˻ͬʱڴϵ˿ȥ۾һȦײȻǷǸµġ
ѾǵʮˣǶ˵үһ涾ⲻˡ
Ůû¶ɣſúúõģһˮͻȻ絽ҵ۾һɳ⣬ղҲˣ۾û¶ɣ
û¶ȥҺæű¡
˼С䱧Լ뿪˷䡣
Ҫߵſڵʱ򣬳˼Ȼ뵽ʲôС佫Լķ䡣
ҽʲô
С䣬ȥҵõǸԶùסҪȥõʱþţж
ʲʲôԶ
ûʱͣҵһ˵֪˵ҪĲҪ˵
С㣬Ƕжôùأ
Сڵĳ˼ʼղӡ
˼֪СǺģǣ˲ôˡ
˵ҾȥȫĻ
С㣬Ƕжģˡū
Сͨһ˳˼ǰ
˼һ˲䲻֪˵ʲôãСǸֵˣƾһ㣬ΪӦСˡ
Ϊһ˳ܣĺۡ
ҵ֡
Сǡ
˼ǸֱӣСԥģɴԼܵСֳסȹڡ
һ룬СֻתţС䷢ˣҲˡ
С㣬Ķͷϵ̫Ǻý᲻ǣŶǸķĶʲôС
Сһ˵ʮΪʲô
-

30 յ

ͳ˼ԤһģһС䲢ûбֳµӣֻǵĺ档
ҵԺô˵СŮתҵɸֻҪҵõǸԶùҾа취ҳҵİ취
ɡŮ
С俴ų˼Ŀࡣ
СЩţ˼ȥСȹڣһ˲֮䣬ֱӻصԭķ䡣
С̿ˮޱȵĿԼС㡣
С㣬ŮˣūȥԶ
ȵȣϡ
˼һҩռһ˫õһ׳
С俴Ź⻬еԵףĵĽ
СǷҲ̫ÿҲ̫ˡ
ţǾǷʴϺܰȻԶˡ
˼СһԶܴѾߣǷҲһ£ܱЩʲôҪٸʵ׵Ҫǿ
С׶˵뿪˷䣬ٻʱСѾһԶ
˼ٴγסСȹһ㵽ҩռ䣬˼ָһط˵С䣬ԶŵǸ̨ϣȻһºɫİť
ǣС㡣
Сİճ˼Ļȥ
ɫťµһ̣طǿʼйʱķ֨֨
СɻĿŶطǡС㣬ʲôѽ
Ȼ֪ˡ
˼䣬ڶطǵܻе
壬ֳǿһ壬ƻ١
С㣬˵ˡ
С䱻еŵòᣬ˼㡣
˼ʲôֿ˻Ҳ˵ѾҩɾȵĵزǶԣһССĸȾ
£ȥѼϵŵĵڶҩǸɫƿװˮԼŵװɴǩĺ
˼ָͣСʲôС̫СĻֻĸλõĶ
С佫ҩƷ룬˼Сȹٴλص˷䡣
ʱС仹ף˼üҽܷܲŵռ룬ԸС䡰ϵĶжҪյ
ǣС㣬һҾõˡ
˼Сĵ˵ͷ
Сյף˼ҪΪ۾ˣǲܵģֻ¡
ǣ˼뵽С䡣
ԼĪһ󣬳˼С䳤ĺһô𣿼ҵʲô˵ʲô˵ס𣿡
-

31 

С㣬һһӣҪ˵ȥҲúڲ裬ūѾ¡Ҫˮүϴ۾Ȼٸү۾ҩһү¿ءҪүҾ˵ǺͷǸҽҩԼڵƷ
СĻ˼һ¾
׻˵ȷɣȻСǸѾߣȴͨǿ̫࣬ҪСԸѧϰҽòʮ꣬Ҳ˰˿磬ҲС䡣
߰ɣ
˼ҩռҩȫС䣬ԼҲûС䱧ţֻǽСߣһͷ
ķ䣬໹ΪԼͻȻϹ۵¶겻ѡ
ܼһԺɫȰţʵĸо
ˣ˵۾廹˵үȫһƬѽ
үС취ģⲻȥҺ𣿡
õˡ
˼ŴŴڴʱĶ
͸ĺϢһҪҲǾŮΪѰƵķֻŮͻоޱȵġ
ŮõҲſɰСඣŮѽŮʮ˱䣬ҲƲˣҲţ硭Ǽҽ굽ôˣĵù¶ȫˡ
ͱԹˣˣһø˭뺦㡣
˼ԴĶϲ˲䡣
̾ĵǺɶѽܱסλӶˡ
󣬳˼Сʹʹɫ
СװŵǰүλҽûߣСӲ˹ҩԼķүؼСһԡ
ҽŹе̫ҽҲ޲ߣ٢٢ҲʧӰ٣Ǻ˿Ǹҽڡ
ҽ˿ҩͦã˺󣬽綼´·ˡ
ֻðһΣϹˣϹɡ
೯Сķ֡ɣʲôʲôҩϡ
үܻеʹЩ
С̶ֳŹܼգգ۾ܼᣬæְסֻ
ССĲ۾ϵİײȻ۾ҩЩ۾İɫСȻԾѡ
ǾһζС˼θЩϳԵķ˳
ܼҲòȥɴһᣬ۾ˡ
˵С䰡㵹ǿ㣬ʡүҲš
С䣬ˮ㸺ĳǩ
˼æ˹ܼҼҪ˵Ļ
ͬܲһ˺ܼƽϵ˵ҲǿⲢڴʱܹܹܼ˵һС
ܼʱ죬˼šˮĸӣˮ˫ˮҲͨľƾһڹʢˮ
˿ˮԸκһλ˺Ƥ֯ǽΪº͵һˮ
Ϊ˲;˼һõס
׼۾λãһӣɫˮµĴ꣬˲ֻ۾
ʹĴ󺰴Уֻܼס಻Ӵ
ֻ˲䣬ֻ۾з˴ĭðݵ
ͬʱСӴ۾˳СѸóǩʼΪ
ֻܼ۾һ£ֱ۾
ʱ󣬳˼ŽͣС䣬Ҳֹͣˮ
۵Ķͷһ㺹Ҳˡ
ǺҽϷ򴭿һҽ
ҽڸоô
˼סЦһûסЦ
ۣۡж۾ȥĸоûˡ
Ǿͺá
Сʱһ仰һпؽ˹ܼҡ
ҩҽģÿιүţһ飬÷ԡ
⡭ˡ
ܼҺɵĿС䡣
СǴɿҲҪи̣ܲ˵þͺãȳҩүܺˡ
ǰҽκ㣬Ͱİɣ
˼һԲͣظ
·˴˽
Ĺеߵߡү⵽ôˣ
ˣɱޣҽ˵˵ҵ۾ͺˡ
-

32 ȥ

˵ǸҲ˹ҩƷҽ
ǰˣҽסĲ飬ҵ۾ȻҲڻ£ɱޡ
ȻȰԼķˣʵҲû׶
ԾʲôҲָܿ׼ϹҲ˵
ֻзڣһֵܱܲıһŮ˻Ҫɣ
ˣүв˹˵Ҫү鳯д¡
ʱѾ߷˽
ԭǸڳ·ߣǷʱ򿴵һС̫˸ǳ·˾ȥӴС̫ࡣ
֪С̫ྐྵǹŵ̫ࡣ
˵ʲôүһϹţҪ˻ʹǻǸɰҵĹ١
ֱĴ
˼ֻһ̫ˣ˵ˣ糯Ѿˣдȥϳ
ùܼȥͷС̫˵˵ˣûʮ»ز˳С̫ϸ١
ǱŮܼܵȥ˵ɣˣǸе˭ҽͷӣ˵үϹˣͰȥȱУڴ£ҾϢ
ǣү
ܼӦ࣬㼱Ҵҵ뿪䡣
˼ô¹ΣбҪôһ²УС˵ڱʹ
ʱ˿̣ฮҲҳһࡣ
˵ŮϴԩҲû˱С檿ҪܹļҲǣŮฮеķ
ฮѾߣҲฮĳ
ǣҲյɳһ߸˶硣
ŮԺĴɨʱȥմȾ˻ҳ磬ûǣŲͲܿƵ衣
ൽ鷿鿴һĻ˸ɲһ𣬱㷢˳˼࿴һ
ŮǾĲҺİǸŮַʽر?
űӴڵϿ޿Ů
ŮҼ̧ͷȻϱĵطδȫãǣŮ毺õݻǺޱ¶˳
С㣬Ҳ֪ԼôˣһŮ˵˼άôȥʹϵͱҵҲ̫ˡ
ŮеԵɡ
һҲֻŮͻȻ飬ҲҪиɰɣ
ˣ˵Ҫүȥ¡
϶һõϢ˽
㶣ĵҲ̫ˣʱȥãһʲôı
ţͶԹڵϵŮ˵ûе֮ǰ¹ȡ
ǣС㡣
Ů˵ͷǫĽͳȴڼԶʱһ˫Թ۾ż㡣
ǰ䲻ľһԼԴֹûѽôˡ
ܿ죬͵鷿̫ʦﰧ̾ҽ˵ˣӽϻΪˣʲôҲˣٰҵĹٸˣҪѳӻࡣ
ҸɰС̫߲ˡ

ѾˣҾ˵ҸȾ˷纮ûʮϲ˳á
һ̧ۿǰԽ޵ŮЩпôຢӣҲ㣬ܵû¶һܼܰءģһΪȡ
˵ģûз֣һж̫𣿡
˻ôһ˵Ҳл˵ղŹͷС̫໹ںұԹ˵ҸȾ˷纮ٻ棬˵ǲҲ¶
֪ҪҸȥ
ǰһû˱ʺϵฮ
-

33 ȸ

Ǿȥ˷õӣСҪĶҪõģΪҼûǮ
ǣ
͵ľ˷ķܡ
ûӽǧ˻ᣬúͲռ֡
㵽˷֧ƱУ˼СѡԼһЩܳԵĶܹѲһӡ
û취С·СֵǮ
ȴǴд׬һʣŰõһฮĴߡ
ͬʱҲţʣİپʮҪô
磬ȫԱʱ֮衣
ڿҪߵฮſڵʱ򣬼ͻȻһ顣
ܸ˼кҩ̫Сá
ţպÿ˼ֻɫĴฮſȥһץֻϣ͸˼ĸš
һк󣬼ฮĴš
һ򣬹ܼҽŴ򿪣һฮĵŮ㣬ܼæЦӭȥ
ԭĴǧ𣬿
ҽݷó²Сģͨһ
ү
ֹܼһҪ˵ɣδҲ̫˰ɣ
˼С㣬үȥˡ
ֲٽʱ档
С֪үļôһϰס
ܼһһ䡣
޹Ըȥࡣ
ŵｻ˹ܼҡҺþûฮˣȫ۶ฮĻ԰ÿܲܵȥһͻ
Ȼԡ
ܼҽӹЦ
㳯Ż԰ķȥˣܼһҲҵ飬ȥС㡣
С㣬ϣȻฮˡ
˭ѽ
˼ո˯꣬ϻа߰ߵĺΣɰˡ
ฮĵŮ㣬Ŷˣ
ܼұϹϾĽŵ˳˼ǰϡ
˼ܺʲô·ֱԹǰװµĵģȲĲ˿
ǹ𻨸⣬С䡢ܼҪҪһ
С㣬͵ĶǲҪˣһ¶С»
ҲǣҼǼΪ죬ͻȻฮʲô⡣
ܼҸС䶼һж˼𻨸ǲԵġ
ǲԣҾͳˡ
Сԡ
СҪǰӵ𻨸⡣
˼ѾһŽ𻨸ŴʧΪһϺ졣
С³һ
СĿ˼
˼ЦЦû¶𻨸ûжֻͷֻϡǼΪŵңֱЦ
СŹ𻨸ϣֽ
Ȼڹ𻨸ĵײֻںĴϣһֻһС
СŵüУ˼ЩͶ䣬Ҫ˵ŮпԭϾ֤С
ΪСĵӴ˼˳˼
˼ã˼ȻСһ޶ΰ
С䣬ȥСЩˮȥŶǵϴˮʱӵˮ
˼óһƿɫҩƬ
СɻĿƿʵСʲô
һմȾһͻ˯Ķ
˼С˵õʵƾ񲡻ߵҩֻҪһ㣬Ҫӣ˯
ǼСҪ˯أ
ĨϷۣȻһӵ԰ϲǾϲ
С˼ļƻɵþС
ܼһţҲôġ
С䣬ˣҰ㽫ӵ԰
ܼҺСһЦ뿪˳˼ķ䡣
ߺ󣬳˼ܹжڲڣר̿ġ
ˣฮͷǲҲȥ
ö󣬳˼һҩռ䡣
ҩռҲƶֻҪȥҩռ䣬ʱܳ
һ뵽ǼĹ뷿ҪķǲǺһ˷С
벻ⷿӦоУǱķ仹Ҫá
˼Ь˼ĴǡЬ˼ɴվڴϱ˱ġ
ѼĴ󣬳˼ſϰݡ
֮󣬳˼ķ䣬䣬㵽ķ䡣
ʱ˯ȴû˯ڴϣһ棬һ˯һͷʹߡ
˼ǰСļһȷǵ˼Եͻûʮ£²˵ء
⻹Ȥ۾Ϲˣĵˡ
ڳ˼֮ʣѾŶ롣
˼굽ӵ£Ѿһ߷Ĳ裬һСۡǸŮ治ҪȻ뿿үȸɷˡ
-

34 

ҿΣûŮ˵ǲһɳ͸ү磬˾ͲܿƵһЩ˼飬Ҫ˵׼ɳûġ
أֻѾߣЩҲ͵л˵˵źò߰ɣȻүڱ˵߶һͷǵġ
Ѿ߰ںò뿪˷䡣
˼һֱȥ鷿
鷿йȻһ磬̫ߣ˼޷ϸ¼飬ǣ׸ִ֣ϽҲͽҩռ䡣
ʱ˼úϸһĿǰż
ߣ־òһȼĴδ̫ˡ
˼ͨҩռص˼ĴϣȴСŽվʱһСĲȵʲôأֻһƴļвһ㡣
ͣһ£ȷмλòж
ƿ汻淢һεİۣȫһЩƱӣ˼һ飬ǧ
㣬ǵıС̤ĴˣԸǧ𣿡
˼ٺһЦĽƱŽԼҩռ䡣
뵽Լ˶ǮһϢ֮͵˸⣬ںΪϾ·ȻⶼǺ󻰡
˼ฮ¶ǲ֪ġ
ɿһֱй۲˼İСԼķ䣬գ۾Ŀ϶˾Ͳˡ
Ŷඣඣ
һ±Ƶʱ
˼һص˷䣬ɵˣС϶Ǹ֣ǱҺҪߵĸ֡
Уý¶㱨ҺС
ߺ󣬳˼ֽҩռ䣬νȥһЩ׵гҩҩҩƣԸĳҲɡ
С㣬Сˡ
ܺã͵ɣ
˼΢΢𴽽ǣҪֻܹżԲ
󣬳˼Сȥ˻԰
ܼڰæӵ󣬾ȥˣͬʱܼҲѼ˵˵
ߣ಻ʡ͵ĵƣŮǣˣҪߣǱߣǧٴ˳Է⽫ù˴Ҽҡ
үĺˣСϷˣأ
ţŮģһ񡣡
ۺӣҲμĽֻ۾ڿЩʮ־ʵĻ棬Ҳֻ
ʱڿ˸ֻܵฮ԰ڣһŮ˲ڵϡ
ƽƤɹЩ죬Ŀģһ˫ϸ֡
źںѽָסƴļȡͿĨڼϵķۣл˯֮еļһУǺ޸о
С㣬Ѿʱˣټȥҵġ
ȥˮ
ūд⣬Ѿǰ׼ˮ
С俪ĵĻ˻ԴӲݴжһװˮľ衣
˼˳ǣС䵱һ̾ϵܺãܷĿеѾߡ
С佫һǵľˮõϵɲǣ㾪Ŵӵ
ô¡
Ҫˮÿˮҵͷּ̧䣬˫û֪
˫֮ϸƬѹѹʱûιȥ
-

35 յ

ϡ죬Ūǡ
վͣ˦֣κЩڷ۵£󲿷Ѿ˦
С㣬ˮЩϡ
㻹ĥʲôȥˮѽ
һС䡣
СųųĵһǺ󣬱ȥˮˡ
Сһߣ԰оʣ³˼۵Сۡ
Сʲô
ҲںԼС㻹ˣڴ˾
ҲСฮС㣬ҵĹ׶࣬ңҪġ
񡭡
㶣ͻȻ뵽ʲôų˼΢΢ǷǷ
ֻǱģڳ˼񣬵Ǽˣǿ˺ð죬ӵվˡ
ҲˣСܸܲȥˣ
ҵˣŶߵʱҵƯѾߡ
˼װ¶˵仹ʱҧһԼָͷ
ԣȴֿ˻
һ࣬Ȼǻ棬ȴòѾͬУˣ˵ҵúýһ
ţڻǰܻˣͲѹһͷˣҲ𽥸ǹฮС㡣
С㣬ˮˣԼ壬Ұæ
ʱСĴ
̶˿Լֻ֣ôһͷƤ飬ôԼأ
ɣ
۾һֿĸо
˼СһЦСľͳżȥһӾˮ
ˮ̲סһϻϣ촽С˵
õģС㡣
Сľ߿ȴԼȥˮǽľ轻˳·ߵѾ߷졣
ǷԼҪģͼӡ
Ϊ·˸·˼㣬Ҫฮĳ·ƽﶼʲô죬첻ԷͱѾ϶һһơ
ƴڶڻҪǳôҲǳ·˵ѾߣүǰҲ˵ϼ仰
һฮСѾ߶ǣһֱڷл֮ȥ
Ȼһ
죬Ϳˡ
ģѾ˴ͰһΣֱӽͰ۵ͷϡ
ˮѾõľͰ
СľͰһС;ͷƤ顣
ԼĪһյСһˮǰ档
С㣬ˡ
СڶԼСļ㺰һ䡣
۾ðɣ
СٺһЦֱӽˮһߣţһľͰ˵ͰͰ˼ͷϡ
ãˮĳǺ⣬ǲ׵ġ
ˮ˭۵ͷˡ
С㣬ͷҲϣôڰ㡣
Сס˵
ѾٷЦıԵˣֻǲЦ
аɣãžˡ
ƵľͰﴫȻҲ֪õľľͰ
С䳯ŷʹ˸ɫľͰ첽ȥˮڼ۵˲䣬Сæľڼǰ
ȥɣֻҪϸϵϣҾ͸һӡ
ϣһľ
С俪ĵܿ
Сߺ󣬲ݺݵıһС䡣
Ѿߣ͸ûǮƵġ
һԿЩζĳ˼һǷѭϷ룬ֻк޼ˣܿĵɣ
ǣ˼Ҳٹע¶ˣСˮļ϶һ˻ص˷䡣
ôŵฮҲûѾӸ𣿡
˼ŵӵˮȣһӴϴ˹
ͻȻֵһ˵Щӵϵ
ǧһ֮ʣڴصĺһͽ˼ʵʵı˻
Сһ쵽ûģѱİŵòᣬѧɣ³
İ
˼ҿ˿ԴǸһǶˡ
˼ҡ
㽫Ǳ˱д𣿡
û㿪ľͺá
˼޵ҧгݣֻݻû룬˿ǿɰĽ
̲ס˼С˼ִֵĶ㿪Ƴһߡ
״Ҳû˸˼Ц˼
ǰո˵ĴҪʼˣ籾ฮ㣬ʱ㲻Ҫܾ
ģӦ˵¶ҪҲӦ
˼ⴺԿĺܣҪⳡԣⳡʶһЩƽĴ
-

36 СǸŮ

˵Ŀľ֪ͨ˼¶ˣȻҲҪߵġ
³˼ʱ˶Էһ⡣
أ˵ˣ֪滹Ǽ٣
˼ú˻ϼֵģǾͰЩ췢Ҫ˵˺
֪뷨
˼̫ЩִϹʷΣԣ¶˶Ҫ̡
Ϊɳ˵ĿĲ򵥣͵ҵۼƣǴԳ͢ŴôˣȻԸ󳼣ֱӶԸϣյС̲ңҲ顣
ߣбڣһ󹬵ӻ첻ɡ
ڿҪߵſڵʱ򣬳˼Ҳʾ
ͺʱţֲûˣܵҽߣϲ͵͵ܵһŮӵĹ뷿ۣȺ֡
⻰һЩˤ
û뵽һǿˣҲ޴룬ƿԵʱ
ݡ
̶˦һ仰뿪ฮ
ߺ󣬳˼ʼҰȫ⡣
ôһ࣬һүʲôĶʱ̵ңҪԺֵǳ˹վ
Уúһ¶
˼߳䣬պСײһ
СһѽҪĳ˼ó˼ѡ
С㣬СѾˣûпǱģ
С䣬СɲӦ飬һŹ㡣պɹǵô书ǿ
С㣬ֻһѾߣҵûôҪڴǶСܵȨ
С䴹ͷ
˼һССǰ鷢һС˵ҸȨ¶һҵ˵ֻҪڣฮ㾡ܺߣͷҲСȻڸҶˡ
С㣬Сֱ׽ûҪá
Сˮ뵵Ŀ˼
˼˰С˵ûҲûԶˣһ죬㹻ǿŻһŮ˶ĪŮˡ
С㣬ֻѾߣԺõģõģҪģһҲ̫ҿˡ
С˳˼Ļⷬشֱֺ顣
С䣬ฮһжĶǼһȥҵ
˼Ȼ뵽ฮǸ磬һ¶ģȴҪϵ죬Ϊ£ǳ˼ϰߡ
С䱻˼ҩռ䡣
Сϲ˼ҩռ䣬һжţСԴ˸֮¡
Сѿֺ״ϣҪ
С㣬ôĶôġ
СԶɻ
˼Լ򵥵ΪСνȥฮõ硣
ܼ򵥣ֻҪĳطȥʱ򣬾ĳط
˼ĵĽԼܷС䡣
СӲɳ
С㣬ǸŮ
-

37 

Ů
˼ĵǣŮ֮ǰҲôҡ
үоԼŮĵ·ǰ
С䣬ҪõһϵĲϡ
õģС㡣
СĽǿҩռͷĶʱȻҲо溧Ȼʱ򣬵ûеһôǿˡ
ϸĵİ˼ȡĲϣճ˼ķԸϷŽƬεϡҺŵ΢档
ĹСȫˣǳ˼С䱧Լæǰæ
ͨһЩзĹ˼ڸϵĶˡ
һָŨȵļأͨ壬ʱĻͬڻ֮ҩ
С䣬Ѿ֪ʲôˣ߰ɣ
С㣬ū澾ãⱳһ˸Ҫү˵ɣү顣
ҵ۾ʱҪѾ˵ˣǱ߿϶ж
С˵ͷĵǣкڣСİȫҲͶһֱϡ
󣬳˼С뿪ҩռ䣬ȥķʱڳԷ
Ϊ۾ڿԳԷʱ򣬾Ͳ·˺ͳ˼ͬ
˼ԭȥԷԵģѾȫƲסԼˡ
Լȡ
Ůˣ⼦ĿǰʺϳԣųĿţһԵô죿Լ⡣
ȻйܼһѣȻҲͲڻ¡
˼ǳƣǸûҲͬ޳ѽʵˣֻĿֻܳͲĶ
ǸеĲδҲ̫ˣİ춼ڼң˸ϢܵҵķŻң⺮곤ʮ꣬˲֪ء
ʲô飿
ඪ¿ӣľòס
һ뵽ΪŮĪֺ
Ůѽ⺮ʮϵս껪ʮȴսۡΪˣΪȥ㷿׼㡣
Եǲܼİȫˣ
˭˵ģǼҲаֻƽʱڰص飬ǲġ
֣ϸһμٵɡ
ʱһӰӴɱվİ󣬳˼޻С
ԭҲаǲ֪ûеˡ
ҵİأ
İ㷿丽
໰һתЦˡ
İ
ԭ㶼֪
˼һ࣬žǽϵĳɣ
϶֪ҪȻܵࡣ
һЦŮǿˣƽʱ͹ԹԵģ
Ҳͯϱ𣿡
ʲôͯϱͯϱŮӱкʹ󣬽Ůؼţȵкʻͣǳɻ飬뺮÷Ժ˵ͯϱˣҳ»Ů⻰Ҫ˵ȥҪЦ˵Ĵ
ŶŮ֪ˡ
˼˾С죬ûһ𳤴ദҲ࣬ôͳ÷
ԶĻҪ
ŮԵ㡣
మŮУһ̶ݵ˳˼ǰ
˼ܲҵͷҵ졣
⡭
ɴջ̶ιԼ
˼֪뾡ֲָ̫ʵΪ۾ϵĴҪʱָ
㰲ţһһ飬ǹġ
󣬳˼ฮġĴͷһ
ԣɻ󲻽Ŀ˼
ЩϢ㶼Ǵ֪ģ
ҵġ
˼֣ںͺˣֻҪϵܣɽʲôƸ
Ҳ˳˼ĻеĲһ
ֽصˤ˵ϡ
⽭ɽӹЩǻŮϣͻǺ󹬵ǣÿ˵һ˵ԼĹ£ҹƶдһ顣
ŮҲкõģûŮȥ𣿡
үңฮŮ˶Ǻˡ
СŲһ䡣
೯ų˼СķȥȻʲôϵЦѾ˵һС
ҵฮΪŮˣеҫ
һ
˼һģͰѷҩռȫԶ˳
ǡùܼҺˣſϺ˯Ȼ˼ֵ÷ĸܼҽһ飬ǡŮ顣
ң¶֪Խ࣬Խá
ҪڿҲ˵Ϊ
С㣬ʲôѽ
СܺһӾȻҲôÿ
˼ܱ֤һͨܰҹ˯ġ
-

38 ƽĶԴ

˼ûпʣűεȷôһЧ̫ʺϰʮá
С䣬ҵȥ
˼ԸС䡣
ţͱС˱ϡ
С䣬һºɫť
˼Ը
Сһϣİºɫťڱϵ˶ļλðװһꤡ
үû¶ɣ
ڱɲǴһɰСŻˡ
Сȥ࣬ȴ˿
ңӰĿǻصʮꡣ
ԽԽ󣬾èһݵĽг
С㣬ʱҲȥһѡ
û⡣
˼󷽵İ˰֡
үˣฮĴСһﰵǵĴΧˮйͨ
ʱѾ߷Ŷ룬үֵƣɵҲһ
ڱϣΪαҲѹû˵ʲô
˼СУһŷһơ
˵ͷ˳ȥС˼Ҳ˳˷䡣
ô¡
С㱻ҧ֣޷ףͰƵฮ
Ŷȥ˵Ǻҽ͵ҩס
˼˹ԭǣ˽׵ҩ㡣
ӹһزϰװҩҩʱ㾡˽
˼֪㣬һ㣬Сƨӣҹ
С㣬֪ˡ
֪ʲô޷թҰˣһܶʲôв˷³˷й޷׵ŭ֮⣬ʲôҲҡ
˼϶Ǹֽϻ
˼û뵽ǣһ룬һſȭͷСʯͷΧǽ˶˽
˸Ѿ߶ʯͷҵ໽Уȫ͸ˡ
Ů⸮ͷôˣ
·˴Ӹڷ˳Ȼ˷졣
յ·˶߼̵˵˼󣬳·ߵȻ丸ŮүģҲǽ˺޵
طЪŰɣô޷ҵˣˣֻ֮֮ˡ
˵ţ˼Լλú˾䣺ǱߵİȥฮʯͷĸɻҪǲȥҾ͸ߺ˵Ǽȡ
С㣬ʯͷ̫ûƷ÷ˡ
һ˳˼ǰԣǰѳ·ŵˡ
ӴͻȻðһˣˡ
˼ЩĿ÷ԣŵˣ´γҪô죬һ㲻
ǣС㣬ϣõ𣿡
أֻҪŪฮС
˼ã֮٣ҽҺѵοฮͷЩ޹ˣǸӦܲƽԴ
-

39 ฮ

õģС㣬ǵĺϢ
ȥ
һ˻治֪ƣʯͷʵฮѾߺȫͣͷĹѾطЪˣȻʯͷҲҲǡ
С㣬Ҫү֪ô죿
϶һȰŭյļ㣬һµ
֪˼࣬ҵ࣬һƷ٣˶٣
ŲЩҪģŽͷŭ
ʱฮڰĳ棬ѾߡԺȥĴɨżиľ޼֦Ҷɽæµ·һжôɡ
ͻȻһڸˮѾһͷ
𣿡
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졭ȥͨү
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ˣȻϲҲڸ㵽ϣҪǴ¸֪ҵǶҪˡȥ֪ͨС㣬ͣеһУֻðˡ
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дҲ飬ǾҲҪҵ÷֮ˡ
ү᲻˸ɵġ
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С㣬үȥ
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С࿩һ£ĵˡ
Ѿߵ˵ͷ֪ˣǳ
ߡ
ҧسһڰ
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סӣĿһܣɻôˣųȥһͱɷˡ
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һӻµȵһɤӺǰѼŵõʡ
Ůˡ
ߣ㵹֪֪͸ģ˵˵㶼ฮʲô
֪㽫ʹ
ϵĲյ˹ȥûУ׼Ȼ˲ɡ
ˣǧ꣬Ȼ˼ҵĸзϡȥ̽Ϣģ㵹ãһžᣬҲѹ˼һ㡣
࿴һԼŮ׵ϸߵֻ֣ŭֻ
ʱŸ˴졣
Ҳ˵ûҵš
үฮѾˣ˵ҽõһ׵ҩƴС֡
뵽Ӵ˵屧Ϣ
ǣү
ܼߺЩʧĿԼƽﱻ軵˵ĴŮ
ûУ㺦˼С㣬˼С㲻ݺݵı˻һԵ±Թҩĺ¶˼ңͬ£˼Ҿǲòܣֺм֮ôͲѧŵأ
СһޣʲôһʹĻ
ΪСȻʲôҲˣߵѾ߿ɲǳصġٿѾߣһһ˵Ǵһʲô¶
಻پʹ˵߶ˣż˻ʾ¡
죬ûŮҲоˣʲô
ܿǷ
뿪ķ󣬾ͰԼԼķ䣬Ҳԡ
ûã϶˼ķ䡣
-

40 ܿӰ

С㣬ฮѾСһҩҪҪԡ
ý
ޱڴ˵
϶Ľƿ
СǶ˻һ϶ΪѾߣҲܡ
϶ҩС˵ȡι¡
ҩļȻ뵽ʲôץס϶뵽һ飬⺦֮˶࣬зӰᵹʱһҹĿ࿴
С㣬ʲô
϶ЩµĿԼС㡣
ҵȥ
㴩·ٴȥķ䡣
ཫ극Ͽ顣
һҪ˵
˯ˣʲô¶˵
Ů˵ֱӽ鶪һߡ
Ȼģ˵㲻֪ȥҸ㣬ˣûд·ˣǴòѾһڻһ£˵Ϊϲ𣬰ܻ͢λǿǡ
һͺ
ſһҵĺŮɣ
촽̣Ϣ⡣
İߺฮ˱㿪ʼʯͷĹ
еʯͷӵ˷ϣֻฮİЧʮֵΣա
ฮûãƽ
˼극һֱˣ˹ʯͷϾܿǸرŮˣฮܾĥ裬Ҳ취ԸֻҪʲô˼治֪
С㣬ү˵۾ܿӰˡ
ʱСŶ롣
˼ϢΪԼĵġ
õģһȥҵʱҪҵͫףڸ㷽ҵ𣬾˵ҽôġ
С㣬ҲףЩȫһ˵ĹͣΪʲôҪȫҽͷأ
С䲻Ŀ˼
˼Цƺֻ꣬ˣ϶ŵҵġ
ҲǣС㾡ܷԸǡ
ССĿĺ󣬶Сľ֮鷴Ũңɴˣһ׷СԱСӡǡ
˼СһЩСͱų˼ķ䡣
ʱ򣬳·Ҳˡ
·˼ס˵ҽȻҵҩҳͷҲˣ۾ҲܿӰ˵õķչ
ѽⶼǱŮĹͣҪǺϵãҲҽʶ
಻ɵøп
һᵽҽ·˱뵽ǸΪ˿٢
үǸ٢ƭʮأܾôŹ
ʮӺѾ׷ˣ⽭֮ϣԺ٢
˼ձС䱧ſڣͷĵӵ顣
ǽӲӣҪǱƭʮӣҲͰˣʮȴó·ʹġ
Ů׷ЦĿ˼

·˼˫֡
-

41 뿪ҩ

С佫˼ŵ˳·˵Ļվһߡ
ҽС֮Ϊ۾Ŀɣ
ãСҲǸϲ˵Ѿͷ㣬Ҳġ
·˳С䵭ȻһЦ
Сжپһůǵ˵ģĪ˵õ˵Σǵõ˵Ŀ佱ѡ
ƽ˵˵˾˼ҵĳͰ
·˴ȴˣСãҪõĶԴСУΪֻฮȥһ֮
С߹ȥΪ۾ǴףȻΪ۾ճЩ˼н̹С䣬۾ʱ䣬СΪദ۾
ЩϸڣСıרҵĻʿó˼˳ġ
С䣬ĴңԸѧڸ㡣
˼а
С侭һæµһү۾ָĺܺãҪ˼ܿˡ
ãС͸㡣
·ʮСѾͷϸģҽѧһ㣬ΪүĲ鿵ṩ
ΪԼүĸм֮飬·ȻϵĴժһС䡣
ѽ̫ˣū澲Ҫ
С°ɣһƬ⡣
ǰ˺˶㵹ǵһѵ벵˷˵ӡ
ۺЦĿС䡣
СֻӲͷƤ£ԣὫԶȥԵ
С˽ӣ˼һֿۣһ۳·ˡ
ʮҷţҸù
ˣҪϲȥ棬Ҳȱʮӡ
ʮӿҩ̣ר˹ҩ
˵ʲô
ںȲ裬⻰ЩԼǺ
Ůҩ̿ɲŵģ㻹˹ҩؼл𣿡
·˼ͷ
˼˵ͷˣʶʶҽҽָ˹ߵĽҽͨ˹ҿԺҽȻó
˼˵Լ뷨ȴʱ
ǿҩҲҪҽʲôʲôҩڻСҩʵ޻̸֮
ǰŮҪҽȤҾ͵̫ҽԺЩµ̫ҽúѧϰ
ҲҪһǸҽѧϰȽϺá
˼Сһһĵӡ
Ҳ֪ȥ飬ɣҲỳɵġ
-

42 

ҩ̵飬ﲻͬ⣬ǻȥϾ²䣬׬ǮҲ䡣
Ҫҩ̣ȵպȶҲҩƬῪҽԺִҽѧִҽѧ¡
ͬʱὫԼ洫ȥֻҪβģԲ˵Ĳа飬᲻ȥ
Щ飬ֻܱĵȥһ죬֪һеĻˣ֪᲻ᾪ°͡
˼ţ֪Ц
·ĵͷų˼ŮЦʲôأôġ
촺Ե飬ʱܿλүˡ
Щʲôÿġ
ĽͷƳһߡ
СЦүˣСΪܺͺһȥأ
ŮںǰҪǰҪԲУ˵Ƣ죬ǰŮӿǱУǱӵĽҰ𡣡
·ЩǵĿ˼
˼üЩΪʲô֪
ˣԲӣҼŮȲϹҲǧ֮壬һҲǵĻ£ŮǾͼ޹ȥĺٹŹ֣ϱ𣿡
һ仰µĳ·ƿԡ
˼ε̾һôҲģֻ꣬ʲô¶ϻҪͷɣ
˼ͳ·һ죬⡣
ҪطЪˣһ纮Ҫˡ
ãǵ˯ǰôϴˮ裬˯ߡ
һϣĿǰŮԽԽ˳ۣȻֻܿһӰҪ˼죬ټǸɰŮˡ
С䱧ų˼ص˷䣬˼˯£ŻصԼķ䡣
С˯ڴϣó·͸Ľϸϸ
һӶûйǮһӵһӣȻĲĵ±͵µˣ¼֪ȥˡ
Сζƽ
ฮѾߣǸŮฮĵﻹǻҪǮ
ǵ¹һֻţȵʱøǡ
СҲĲϵǣѪԵţҲĿܿࡣ
˵ͷһ磬С죬Сѧ;һС͵ⲻǰЩ͵ץס͵˹ٸ˻ڴţ˵ˣҪǮֻҪǷرصһ͵ֻҪû˺˼ңǮܳȥ
ϴεҪһӣûУžɣ
뵽С߬˳·ĽӡҪҵҲסˡ

С䳤̾һǿ
ĵĵǵҪǮǵﲻŮ£ŮһȶӲڵǣ۰Ķӳһ۲۵ĻŮȴǮТ˳мѡ
ΪʲôÿҪǮҲ˵һ䣬ฮĺòãԲԵñ
ʱСֻã̫һֲĵԼĵ
С䲻֪Լʲôʱ˯ŵģֻ֪ڶһһ磬Сܵķ䣬Сֲͣعıӡ
СѣðŪһÿķͣҪһģҪСˣһͷС̫ܼˣէһƵġ
С㣬ҾͦÿѽŶˣʲô
С۾Ӵ
˼һС۾ˣϻֻۣ˲Ҫ͵˼ûˡ
һֿԳԵĺ
ʲô
СɻĿų˼
ˮԴнӺˮ۵ฮƽԵĺʣǴӺġ
С㣬Ҵûм󺣣㷽˵һûӦ
ûϵպлҴȥڽ죬ҪһμӴԡ
СʹãֻһѾȥֵط
Сæջر˼ס֣һ
˼ûСΪʲôޣСȥμӴԣ޷ͨתСעһЩ
˵ȥȥͣϺˡ
ǣС㡣
СֲС㣬ֻӲͷƤȥ͡
ͣС㿪ʼС㻻·͡
С㣬ķͦãֺҸһͯŮķٰɣ
껭ͷͯŮ𣿡
˼ž˼Ȼкܿôɰķֻͣ꣬껹˵ķͣҲĴ
-

43 ûᣬǾһ

Ǻðɣ
˼ǿӦ¡
ԼĪʱ󣬳˼žԼе㲻Լ֮˿ɰ鶯·¶˱Ķͷ˵Ŀɰ̶Ѿ˲ֹһΡ
С㣬ô
СһĿ˼
˼˵ͷܺãȥŰɣ
š
С䱧˼˷䡣
·˸֪ԼıŮҪȥԣһҹδ˯á
һ磬˾ڴſڵǵŮˡ
Ϻá
Ůͷÿ
·̲ס˼ͷЦſһСǶʮɣ
СҲһůʶ˵ˣСҪū澸ͣūҲ㵹ڵġ
㵹ڵĺܺãҵŮҪÿĳǰһСĺܺá
·˳С˴Ĵָ
ССһ죬ȴֿ˻Ѿŵڶα˱ˣ˶˲й
ʱͷһʻ죬ţܼҾͰŴ˿
վſڣֻ캮ȴһɫ·ƽﱣİû̫
һͷ˼úܿᣬϺӢòں˽á
μ
ͳ·ԼСܼҪ¹
˰ֵˣϲϤһףԺฮ˶ù
һȨͷ͸һȻŮѽ߹СĻӹ˼˼ЦӯӯĿź
һ¶Сϡ
ԡ
붼Ӧ˳˼
˼תЦſС䡰ɣҾ˵ȥá
ȡȥԣ뺮չҵŮŮ֪Ҫгײģൣ
ʱˣ쳯źǷǷ
ĵǣŮô˵֪أŮһš
İɣλҴߵС㣬ıؽС㣬κ˲һë
ͳ·֤
˺ٺһЦǾĿǰķΧЩΣúǵĺչ˲ǵŮһʵϣһȽ渺ˡ
󣬺ų˼߸С䣬ͳ·Լһ˵Ĺ³ฮĴš
һĻ䲻ĸպñฮ֬ˮ۵ļ㿴
Сͨ조˼ֻ꣬Ϊκôء
С㣬ôһСҲƲסԼǴ˿ɰС̲סȥһָ׼ϲСӡ
Сӡ
һһаͷӿļ䡣
϶Ҹ˵
㽫Լļƻ϶϶С˲ͱŰˡ
С㣬ʮ꣬»֮ҩ췹Եǿԣؼᵥ㣬ûᡣ
ûᣬ۾һᡣ
촽΢΢̣ûлӴǳ˼С
ֻܳ䵱Уݺǿűˣ㣬Ͳźǧ֮⡣
ЦţһվŵֶһļƤ
-

44 ظ

˼뺮СͬһպСڴϣΪ˲ۣͰͷ쵽˳⡣
ⲻ컹ãһͷȻ˼϶ǵķ
Ǵ˶ĿⶢС͵زӿС˵С㣬ҿѾ϶ˡ
Ŷ
˼ĵ˵ͷĿת
ٹٲȢҪ˳ЦģҼޣͰѲλøɣ
㲻Դס
ԣԣ̫ˣϲǡ
˼Ц
ʵĵʵ뷨㵱ĲǼ㵱˲պĴͶˣмȻȱʰĻᡣ
ˣ첻Ϸߵ֡
Լͬһƶʲô
ôԣ㵱ĲҲһǼ¶
ŵʰýһ˱ֱײ˼е¡
СһСȻ˵һе졣
Сôˣѵ˷ԴҲˡ
Сɻ󲻽ʱ򣬺˳˼СһһٵСʱǳֳ֣ˣȡѡ˱ŮˣҪʲôЦ
Ҳ˵Ǹˡ
˼ҧԼָͷ
û뵽ļ㾹ȻǸòȡ˵Ůˡ
˵ĻϣԺҲ
ס˳˼С°;
˼ҲУҼǣ㶼ʮˡҲʮģʮ껹ǸŮʺϻޣ͵Ůڳ巢ûŮʮ˱ҲΪʲôʱŮӶԭ򡣹ĻޣֻŮ˵Ļʡ
˼һͨͣ˵գ·ܼīˮ
ⶼ˭Ŀ˼룬ø㲻ϵһŮӵ˼ǵ䲻˲ӣǻᱻЦġ
ִĿų˼
˼Ŵͣû뵽ЦȻ̶ֳȡ
˼ЩʧԭΪ˼Ҫȱ˵Ŀδ룬ҲǸظˡ
-

45 ɳ

Ժÿġ
֮ǵ۶һɭ֣ɭѱ־Χסһεľγǽν㣬Ī˵һֻδ£ﾭ
ߺˣͣ¡
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Աߵ־˳˵Ǹ־½ǵǺİ㣬Ҫǵλү֤Բ˶ߡ
ϣҲ֪Ըû˵
־ڲѡ
ʵˣ˼СҲˣֻǺԼ˭ڿҪ־ӵʱƳһǣ¶һ־ǱԶ˳һ·
˼Щ첲ҪõѽҶˡ
ǰƬ־ܿӪˡ
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Ŷ
˼˵ͷ
ǰȫ֣ǰƬ϶иƬȻ˶ϲƭС
ԼĪʱһƽ̹ĵطͣ¡
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⣬פ˴ССʮӪʣĵӪΪͻ滹
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ڿ󳤽˼еûڡ
ۺμӴԶǱҹۿ᲻ᱻĻֶֻЦˣһ粻
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Ǽƻϲϱ仯ѽá
˼Цûлӽɳأ
Ҫھܾǳ˼ѾǰͷŻ˵һ䡰лϡ
Ϻǣ죬ѵ䴫棬˵
ֶԳ˼¡
˼ԼװɵһۺȦһӾͺˡҪҪؼҡ
󣬳˼ɤӿʼ޺ǵûŭա
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ԣ㱧ȥԶ
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뵽Ͱѳ˼ɳ
Ӧ
İɣûо飬Ҳʲô
-

46 

ɳźһͨ´ʡ
Ҳ𽥰׼úӦԽĴԣֻźǣ˼ۿҲҪμӴԣȴɳӪʡ
ϣһаãҪʲô⣬ɳ
ǸˣֻΪСʱ߶һЩˣΪ˲ԼصȥֻԼİ취ȥǣ˼ԺҪˡ
ɳų˼Ӫʣһ·ȥ
˼һҲе⣬ǳסʲôûأɳҪԭα¶
С㣬ϲĢ𣿡
˵Ģ𣿡
˼ЦӯӯĿɳ
ɳһ٣һ˼Ŀų˼
㲻ǲ𣿡
ҵȷ꣬Ҳȷɳǹһ˵ıھһ˵ʵ̫ˡĿĲ򵥣ҹչңĿҲ򵥡
˼˻һɳпʼе㻳ŵǲǸ٪壬üʮȴӵˡ
תһ룬ɳҲ̫£Ϊ˶Сͷڲ
ˣϵĲɫĢǸ𣬽ժһԡ
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˼ҡҡͷһ㣬벻뱻ϴ乬
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ɳһ裬˺˰ƬĢҪ˼
˼óٵĳɳǰȥɳȥһֶڰУһ˱˹ȥ
ͬʱһĻҲҪֵİһѺͬʱֱ˼ֵһ
Сõʲô֣ҪҪͺ㱨أ
ֹأ˼ȴʱһð۾顣
ֻ˼ʼɳ·ǰɳѳһ˿ǵļ
ĭæȥٿЩ
˼Сתҩռ䣬ڿռһȣȻٵ¼Ÿȳˡ
˼Ȱɳԣºɫťȱ˳˼ʮۺ񡢹ûҪƯСģҪĸϽ֣ʧʧ
һһĲų˼ʱ˼ֽɳ·ɳϡ
Ϊ˲ñϳɳ˼һ㱡ɳıǿλ¿϶
ǰΪ˼߶棬һֱų˼Ҳת
һС־Զ˲͸˼Ѫһ
˭˭
-

47 ƻʧ

־ʱ򣬳˼Ѿҩռ䡣
һһŮˡ
־Զڵϵ˶û㽫ӵɳ
ȷûˣŮԴ˷ʽ϶ҲʲôҵŮˣѾЩûп磬͡
ٺ١
־Ц˼ٴʱѾ˻ϵӪ档
첽ܽȥɹŮ̷ųѣģǱ־Ҫġ
ϣһ־ܵС죬һ˻Ҳ·ˡ
˼Ĺĵȥͻϸ״
һЩ˵ʲôţһȥ
Ȼһڻ־ΧŻϳӪʣվڽĳ˼ôСֲۣлĻҲͰˣȻ·Ļ˵
ûһϱɳ˼һúܳ
Сôںԣ޵İε㲻˵ʵ飬޵İ˵ǲǺôģ
Լֲɵӣôһˣһ¶
˼һʲôŵƻһ
Ҳνֻ꣬Ͳţϻܴ
ߣݣɣʵ˵޵İû㣬
ϱɳΡ
һԵĲܹȥ洫̫ҽ˿Ӫʣ»ϡɳг˼ȫ
˼ҲҴţͰм̷˵˻˵󣬻ģĹڻǰϣŮҲΪ˽ɽźĹûģ
ϣ㶼˰ɣҾ˵ǧ㻹ţ˰ɣ
ʱɳӻϵĻȻתѣЦڻϵĻģεװġ
Ҳѵô죬ⲻܡ
˼ֻԼӲã˵ֻ̣꣬ʹҲֻꡣ
־ѾɳѵʲôҲû
Ǻİã˼ֻô롣
˺ˣ֪ƽϡ飬֪ˣ¶޻飬ûв֮ǰ޵İͷϴñӶ
ˡ
˼վоһγֲ̫˳Щġ
-

48 Ӯñ

ʱģʱ϶ֻҰøһֻҰ
뺮һӪʵĻθȺˣţа˸ʮʮ֮̽
ϳˮĳ˼ǿһۣͰǵˡ
ϵ·ͼıүʲôûеıǻӡ
˵Щ˸òڣ뺮վһǾԵ̫ƽ
С㣬õˡ
ԼҰζߵ󣬱󲽳ų˼˹
ע⵽ӪһСģа˻ӣҲʮˣҲǻСһ
ںù۹˼
壬ʲôѽ
ǧҲǱ
˼Ŀ˻ӡ
˻㶣廳ﱧŵŮޣһ˫۾ˮģǿɰ
ŶҿԱ𣿡
ԣŮܲס
ܾ˰˻ӡ
˻һĵţǸޡ
˵˲Уن£һŰ߳Ӫʡ
壬Ҹʿɻ濴أͲҸʰ㡣
˻ааһЦ
ȴۿŰ˻˵㡣
˵գͷĳ˼㻹ʶЩֵֶܸ𣿡
ˣҾͦûġ
˼Լôɰǵͷֻһʮ˻ע⵽ûүͻǽɿ˵ֱһ衣
ˣʶǸʲô
Ǻãȥ
ų˼׼뿪Ӫʡ
ϵĻһڹ۲캮ͳ˼ҪߣæôŻȥʲôǧ޸պиСϷô棬һһҲ޵Щӵĸ顣
Ҫ𣿡
ЦӯӯĿŻĳ˼ʵ
˼˵ͷĵһףÿο׼û¶
ҲգһξʹһأǱƲڸԼϵ
š
˼ɵĵ˵ͷ
˻Ӽǧÿһۣɵһ޻˵ϷǿЦ
˼ԺһЩһ⻰˲Ҫĳ嶯
˻ǲЩָ嶼Ը㣬ܵѰҴڸѽ
˼һ˰˻ӵ˼
˻һһ߿ˡ
˻ߺ󣬺ų˼Լλá
ŮǿʼΪλӺүƣ϶˼̲סʵֵܣλӵĹϵ𣿡
ţÿ˶Լ飬о仰ͬΪı𣿡
ðɣ
˼ʾԶĵ˵ͷĵڵ֮ңҲĶô֡
λպӣ޽ǾۼڴˣĿԶԶһô򵥣ϣܹùϵһΪػ޵ĽɽٴˣȸΪ
ʱٱһףƴʡ
ڻϾٱȾƵʱҲ׷׾Ʊ֮һ
ƵĻϿһվĲܹܹ⡣
ţһЩվ̳ӺһЩ
Ųܹһ£־ǰ׼ĺõĶ
ҪͶ
˼²ţô浹ǲԣؼСʺ̫Զľ롣
վ̳ӱ־ںú󣬻ϱ
ɳ͸ţƤƵģȥȥ
˼һֱڿɳɳȴʹյ˻ϵĶߣ֪ںͻ˵Щʲô
ܿ죬ϱ˻˵
һӣָ֮ˡ
ǧͶɣҪͶһ޾͸һƽ𡣵оƣСվһ֮⡣ҪûͶȥ͸ұһĿΣ
˼΢΢һ㶣ĵǲɵˣһӾһƽעⲻС
ϼ˼˵ЩεĿ֪ܲ޽Ļ
ֻҾûҲ̫ˣôҲǧƽǰһλΪޣͶоٽһͶᣬƽԵӵķʽǣǲ֪ϸҲ棿
˼˻һϵͷЦ˼
ɳȴѰ˼ɸСһ·žʧ־ˣһĻٸײҲһƤ
һеģһֻŮޡ
ɳ뱨۸һ޾Ե̫С뵽ó˼ܡ
ֻǶԷŵ̬ȣɳɵôùġ
һ˼Ͷˣһ˳Ӯ˻ϴĻƽֻлķݶˡ
кβңʼɣ
Ͼ͵ų˼ʧܡ
-

49 ױ

˼ӹ־ļߵ˾վ̳һ֮ľ룬ѾȲҪ˼ݽĿˣ⻰ߣȴ˼ıŵҭ
ֻ˼СôһͶϵļֱӽ˿վ̳ӡ
ϣҪŶ
󣬳˼һͶʮڼͶȥڶʮʱ򣬻ϾȻܹһ߿˿վ̳ӡ
˹ˣð޵Ĺϴһա޸һǧƽǣ͵ع
Ҳ֪һɳˣһ߳Ӫʡ
ɳ̵ĸں棬·˼ʱ˼䲻˵˾䡰Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ
仰ɳһȻɣԼǲǵһܵˡ
ɳҲ߳Ӫʣʣµ˱ǰλӺͺԼͬĸֳˡ
⼸ֻǵĿ˳˼ʶˣ׷׸ˣó˼ǳˬ
߰ɣ
˼źֻС֣˼ڻ˳ȥ
ʱ֣Ž˼Сͻฮ
ͳ·˵֪ԼıŮˣ¾ͳӭӣǵǳѾˣֻƣŮͳԵС䡣
ŮǴԺ𣿡
֪ôҾͲȥˡŶˣϻǸͷƽ𣬵ʱҪùܼҺúһҪһһҪʻҪأ
ƽ𡭡
㶡
Сæǰ͡үˣСϴģһǧƽأ
ǣǻĸԸߵʱر
㲻ҪŮǷǵϣǵϵɳɳ㺦ңһУɶŽѵǸŮˡ
˼ֽɳӪʵ齲
ԣöǰ
ҵ۾ǸŮ˸ùһ컹ǵýҹ͡
ү
·˼ûڲæȥļ
໹˵Щʲôʱ򣬳˼һ仰ȴͬ˶һġ
ָ׼ѾʼɳˣһǧƽǸСĿϿôǮ˾ɳ
ߣɻŮǻȥóӸóԵĲһ
Լܿ˼Σ󣬱ڳ·˵Ĳ߽˸
ҹԶڻʹеɳѾڻϵ޹ʱˡ
Դعûٴɳɳ֪˴Źһϣ˱Ҳԭ֪ϲ˵ҪԸ͹š
ѵѾʧ
УԲʧ衣
ϣΪһǧƽ¶ҵɲأ˵Ҽױ飬ҵļױպִ۶ʱȫҪȫ⡣
ɳŻϵķ˵
Σϻûдɳֻ֣֮ٵϣ檵ļױ˵ҲжʮƽټЩʯΣֵԶԶһƽ𣬲֪Ͽɷ⡣
-

50 ƽ

ɣղ˯ˡ
ϵ޹д
ڵϵɳҧź촽û뵽ϾȻһˡ
ҲʧΪһ£Ϊ֪֪ܰս
ϰƣƣǻὫЩͳͳջġ
磬ܹʮӵฮ
ܼӭĲܹܹļߵҲŶûнȥˡ
ͷ˶ȥ鿴
⡭ôӡ
ǰүɶҪСѽ
ţⱦŮ׬Ǯǳ¼ҵı
ۺӵ
Ϣĳ˼ҲСĴߴµ˸ǰԺʱܼƽ𣬾·Ҳæˡ
õǮƶİհɣ
ŮǺ⣿
Ͳˣϸôӣ϶вʡҹһޣԼЩǷǡ㽫һĻƽһӾȥԻϵ裬ʱǾͻΪһ⻰ҪϵĶǲ˺ͻ֮ĸңͬʱûϿģֶΪأ
ãүŮġ
·˳ų˼˴Ĵָ
˼Ƭ̣Ҳͬ˳˼
ϾǮ̫ͻȻպڳ֮ϸСЬͲˡ
۾ܿ𣿡
˼˵ﲻأ嶫ȴ˻ƽ
ǰҲ˵м¶˵أһͷˣ͸ˡʱ򣬾ܿˡ
үǼ
һƣ浱Ϲѽ
һ߬ס·˵ƣǵó·ΪЦ
ͺãܿͺѽ
ˣһޣҵľ͸Ƶġ
Ȱοһ·ˣ·ֹס
ŮҽںҿҪȥݷԱлأ
תͷ˼
˼æƴǵҽķˣ㵱˼ǺסŲҽɡ
·ʱݸһЦڳ·˵һΪҽӳϡ
ĳһ죬·˵֪ҽӶŮʱǾȵı飬˼ܼһˡ
ŶһҪǧƽ𡣡
ĿᶨĿŽűߵӵ
-

51 Щͷ

˼ε̾˿´βҽˡ
˼ûг緹СҪȥ緹ʱ˴졣
·˸ȫŴŵķȥ·üĹͷ𣿡
ˣȥű֪
ȵȡ
ס˹ܼңܼҲĿࡰү㡭
ҰЩӺٿһǱˣЩȫ˿ˣ׻˵Ʋ¶һ¶ֵġ
үܵ
ܼЦٺٵȥӣӣɸȻøͣ
˼Ҳ֪֮ǺҲСʵС䣬²˭
С䲻֪
֪˭
˼ЦӯӯĶŴš
ģͦȴǾô̶϶Ůɡ
ڵ۶ฮʶŮӾֻм㡣
ҪǼ㣬϶Ůѡ
ССǺҲܼѾ߹ȥŴ˿
վģȲǼ㣬Ҳǳ˼ŮѣǼѾ϶
϶Ϊฮ˲ţڣŴ򿪵ʱãһƴ˹ܼҵϡ
ܼҼǸѾߣҲûʲôƢ
۾Ϲ𣿡
ǸСģҼҴСҩˣС㻹ûҩ
Уҿȥฮһˣҩ͸ҴС㡣
ãС߰ɣ
϶ǾСʵ޴ฮǿɾǽ첻еصزӦˡ
ŮҪȥฮ͸Ҽ书ǿ㡣
Ƴһ϶ܾ϶ҴСһûʲôġ
˵е˳һοҪԵڶΣŮҪȫ˼Ҳǡ
Ҳã˶ཻǼ¶ڼƻˣ˰ȥ緹ɣ
ŮĻǰǼŮֲãʲôԼŮ£˵ŮһЩŮ
˵ˣҲаڰбŮЩʲô
үǵŮ꣬ô
ˣһһ˵
·Ȼûôܵĳ˼ʲôȴų·Ӳǰߣǵ϶Ѱ
߰ɣ
˼϶
϶˵ͷ׼תʱ򣬲ɨһ۰ڷԺʮӡ
Щʲôѽ
޹أ㵽߲ߡ
˼ˣΪʲô϶һᣬȻۣʲô˾ʲôˡ
ߣС롣
϶ǰ棬ⷽŵЦ绨Ҳת֮һĮ
϶ߡ͹ԹԵĵСӰɣ
С䱧ų˼϶˸ǡһͣڸſڡ
˼ɻฮฮףôһһҪδҲ̫ݳ˰ɣ
Сɣ
϶ߵ˼ƿ˳
˼С䱧Լȥ϶ȴû
ʱȻδõСЩų˼
ա
С䵥ֿס˳ֱų˼һ
С䣬϶۶ѽ
С㣬϶ʲôĶ֡
ţҷԽԽϵˣһΪ޿ôأ
˼ĿС䡣
Сһ조С㣬ҪôôѾߡ

˼С˲Цˡ
һһһأӣˡ
ĳѰʿֻڵ۶һ죬ǽǧɭУ¶˻Դ
ฮĴСһǮǮȢϱˡ
ˣҪʲôʲôǰ;˵ֲڱ
뵽ͳ켫ˡ
ʱѾ˳ɭֵļڸԼİļƻɣų˼ʻʵϢųȥ𣿡
ųȥˣѾ֪ˡ
ܺá
촽
Ϊ˽ɷ˿ģ˼ֵǵ˿ȹӣΪʷΪ޵ױݡ
һ׼͵ȺϹˣͲλʧܡ
ϵСĪһΣ˼оСĲʣûʣͻȻһ硣
ʲô㰡
С㣬ūԴ;ﲻԾͷΡ
СκģۿžҪء
ǧһ֮ʣ˼ץСҩռ䡣
һҩռ䣬ֲʵĸоʧˡ
СҡҡͷԴСҲˡ
-

52 ٵĳ

ѵﶯֽţ
˼²
С㱧˼ΪôС㽲ʵ̫ˣøߣСֻһޣÿ˵Ҫͷҿġ
ףС·մ˺öɫķĩ
С䱧˼˲䣬һצӰ׻ҡ
С仹ŵǰšС㣬ζ
а취ŵϼһ¾֪ʲôˣ
˼ָСǣһ򣬼Ǿʹ˻е
ʮϵҩۻɼ
Ļû˵꣬СͰֹͣ
С㣬Ҳ̫ˣȻǵŪ⻢֮ҩ
֪ΪʲôˣҴ֪ͨ˺λŪЩҩĿմҩȵһ϶ᱧңкŰ·ɱø췹ȡںĿеλˡ
˼ķ
С㣬ǽô죿
ʱƻ˼ҵĺ£ֻǸûˡ
˭
򡣡
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󣬳˼СһԿ֣˴Ϻ󣬳˼Сҩռ䡣
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Īŵһ㣬ֻо˶ˡ
ʲô㰡
󹦸ɣߡ
˼Сҩռ䣬ٶȳʱѾ˼ڵĵط
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С㣬ȻǼ㡣
ţͿˡ
˼ãкİڼ֪ܲʲô
ԼĪһһк˲ṦһԾ¡
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˼ǿˣЩ񣬾Ĺ򵱸ѡ
˵Ҳ֣Щڴ򵽼İ󣬾ȻṦˡ
ںߺ󣬲ϲߣ֪˭󻹲ǵüβߡ
ݡݡ
С㣬ˡ
ǳڴʱ١
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ٺ٣ҾȣѸ·ûʲôġ
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Цٺٵĳż㲽ơ
ŭ֮㵨ңʲôҩһµҩˣҵļƻǻˡ
ȷǻˣǻٵһͿء
ĩˣһ
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ͬʱźȭμ
ˣ㻹ԭӰɣҿŷθ
ǡ
һ֫ͷžĿʼ죬ţۿɼٶȱʵһУǰģһȣȫһƵġ
ⲻܡ
ɴӿ򳵷
ЦЦʲôܵģСѾ߲ɺҵѾǳ򣬲Ҽٰǰ
˵գϵߣȥòٴγǰȴһ⿡εˡ
ϲģһȫΪ㡣
֪ƻʧܣںȱߣ˫ץźۿ޵ǽһ˺ѷΡ
˼ʵڿۣС䱧Լ߳ȥ
С㣬㻹ĲģҪǽʧʧһĳ򣬲֪֪󣬻᲻ŮҪ֪ʧŮǶôġ
˼˵ţͷԺȴЩǳ򱾾˼һԼֱǺȴƫƫǳ򣬸һٳ
-

53 Ѱҵ

˼Ȼ䴫һԭնװġ
ݺݵĿ˼
˼ŭ㿴ҲһȻı顣
㻹˵һԼɣ
˼ЦĿż㡣
ӵվ˼ķȥ
С䱧ų˼ܲκκЩҲȣ鼱֮£˼ͳһ˵ͳżС˹ȥ
δܳɹ˵˼ֻСĽű˹ȥ
ۿ˼һ˲˼һڶСһת۵ĹǶֲˡ
С㣬
ĲŮŮ˵ݣ˭Ҳ߹󲻵ȥͰӵɣҪûҰ޳Ե󡣡
˼˵ֳСʹ˸ɫС㱧ų˼ȥ
˼ͺ˵Щʲôź޶ԣó˼ǲˬôţҲǸĺӣΪ̽Ȼȡ
ʶԼЩ⣬ȥ׷˼ʱ򣬳˼СѾˡ
֣СֲṦ򣬰սų̲ܱİ졣
ʵϣСͳ˼Ѿصฮ˼ҩռСؼңҲֻһ˲Ĺ
Сô
ϾŮɱãǲһֵܴ￴صʱ̲
ǣ
һں䣬ȥ˼εĵطš
Щĳ˼֮ȥฮ𾪵ǣ˼ѾЩʱˣ·ˡ
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϶߻ģѵָ𣿡
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һӻңҲûٴų˼ֻ˵˾䡰㰲ȫˣͷˣ챾¶档
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ǡ
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С㣬ү˵Ҫȥ˼Ѿӻ
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Сʱ򣬳˼׼ȥ
ôҵ˵
ү˵Ϊ˰ȫҪ뿪ฮ׷Χ
࣬߰ɣ
˼ûȥĵطСӮߵҲСܱߵļޡ
۶һֽͷСǿʼ̯ˣСġġӻģڽֵߺš
С䱧Ŷʲôĳ˼ڽֵϣ˼ֻҪûԹģСʣеĶ˼Բˣǻͷһ򣬳ζԳ˼˵ҲǺõġ
С䣬˵е̿ѽ
С㣬ọ̈̄Ӧû˻
˼֪ʲô˼̾ܺõӣˣ˼˵ʲôҲѵ˵ģνϸˮԴܹ
ֻ¶һ⡰ҿ
첻ˣС䱧ų˼̱˵ʱһβ˼һҵдת֡
С㿴ﲻҪ𣿡
-

54 ̫

С㣬ǸңҲҪġ㿴ײĵģȦģһƧĵط̣Сһҵġ
С䣬㵹ǺԽֻһ㲻㲻ֻҪҩãòá
СҲ˵Щ˼άܿµģⲢǶϷҲͬ㽫¡
԰ɣ
û취˼̣Ȼλúܲλúãҽʵ֮١
Сֲ˼ֻӲͷƤĬĬСľ
С䣬ȥҵ̵ס
С䱧ų˼ҿ˿ȦŹˣײĵĵ̵ڿš
С㣬ûģҪұʰɣ
ʲôСҵôãʲô
Сתһ룬Ҳôһ£ԴС㣬ÿԵĺãĺãһײӣȴ¶ӣ̫СЩ
ðɣСҳ󻰿˵ǰͷҪײĺ£ɲϣ
֤ᡣ
˼ҪַˣһŮҽʱڻսУʲôûⰲɵĿչײģǾǼһƷ
ΪÿһڹײĶ˽˵Ѫûеӹģ֪ÿ˶ٱ
С䱧ų˼߽˹ײ̣ڹ̨ͷҪ˯һ۾ͿһѾ߱ŸС˽
ֻ˲䣬ͷ͸˼ѪƵġ
ҪʲôĹײѽϺõĺľľľ
ǲײģֻ¶ĵ̣˾ʵңϵǼҵˡ
Ҫҵĵ̣ѽǺѽ
ͷӹ̨˳´һС˼˴ĶʶµҲײĵġ
ȥȥȥʲôײĵģλλǡ
С䡣
˼æС佫Ҫ˵Ļ
Сһת½͵ҼҹҪҩ̣ĵ̡
ŶԭˡҹҸʵۡ
Ǯ
С俪żɽ
ʮӣô
С䶼ˣСڳӣ㿴˼
˼һĳͷСʮʮûǮǺ߳򡣡
Ȼ
ͷĻˣΣֻҪǶĵ̾ٵ͵ļҲܡ
ֻǶԷûּۻۣͷΪġ
ҵ̣ҩ̵ֻһ򵥵¶ˡ
С䱧ų˼صฮ
һԼıŮˣæӭȥʶŮѽǶȥʲôˡ
үСҪԶ˵ԵģСθڲ·϶ˡ
ô˵ȥ˹ײأ
˸ҡ
˼˲Լ̫£ϲִ˹Ͻ
ŮҲΪİȫ롣
˵кİţﻹҪˡ
˼Լһۺתһ룬˼־ȵסԼ͡
İҲڼһʲô㱨
ֻΪʲô
ѵ
˼룬ҲãȻԺ޸֮ȫûи飬ǿˡ
Ůѽ
ԼŮС죬Ҳ졣
˼ЦЦҲҪϲ˸ңǾ;ɰɣֻǱ̫С
-

55 ͬ

ã׵Ŀľͺáˣûɣó
š
˼˵ͷɴ˷䡣
ʱ˿̣ڵ۶ļ㽫ҿ˿ͻȻһ˫ɫ۾ǵһԶֱ
ʲʲôҿŮ
ڰİЦŮǸɵӰɣºڷָߵģֵܳһǲǻȻԼŮŻ˼ңԲ
ιҪ͸Ͻܡ
̲סһ䡣
㾪ֵĿ˭
ڴʱһǺɵ˼㡣
ǡ
һĭƴľ۶ǵķܡ
ڼİͷ׷ʱһҲǰҺ˵ģڼΣյʱٳ
صฮʱҹ϶վڴſεĿš
϶ҵˮҺÿʡ
С㣬ôӡ
϶ʱ򣬼ͷˣЬҲһֻȫǻҳؤ硣
ȸˮҵ˵
Ŷ
϶ż˸ָ֮Сһǰƺõ輸ͺˡ
Ӳ˲ǣתŭɶĿ϶Ϊʲôҳ˼һ
С㣬ҿɶǰ˵ģû벽ѽ
϶ֻҴСԽԽȡˣǧǴС㣬ƭ˾ߵҲҴС㣬ڷˡ
С㣬
ס죬Ҫ⣬ҵļƻҲʧܣҲںǰ澡ʧ
ˣֻһ뷨˯һȻһںİ취Ǹ˼Ҳ׷Ź
϶˷䣬һ
С϶Ҫڣ
磬˼˯УͱС亰ˡ
С㣬ҪȥҩĻҪȥһŲС
˯һɣ
С㣬ǲһȥˣڼú˯
ţȥȥɣ
˼СһʹҩռһһƱС䡣
ʮ̣ʣµʮ㻹Ư·ЬӣҪͬ
С㣬ʵ̫ˡ
СжޣΪ˲С˯СĨһ˳˷䡣
-

56 

˼һ˯ɹͣʱ򣬲С
·˴߳˲ѾߺӣǶ˵СȥҲû
˼ⵣСĶС¶ҪС䷢ʲô⣬ǾԲġ
ڣ
˼ߵ԰һɤӣһһӰ˳˼ǰ
СкηԸ
С䣬Ҫ졣
ǡ
˱ȭһʧӰ١
˼ܣпܵľǼС䡣
˵ӦòôָԪ
ڳ˼˼ʱ򣬰ȥء
˼ⰵߵҲʱôͻˣѵûҵС䣿
С㣬С䱻ĵ˼ңڴС䡣
˵ʲô
˼ŵסС죬ûСĵֻ֪СѾߡ
ԭС䲻ϸǮ˵С䱻ĵฮѾߵһ̣СʲôҲǷˣСĵﲻҪСѣҪСѰһ£С䲻Ը⣬ͱ˻ȥ
Լ֪˵˳˼
˼Ϊ˿ȥСң˳ٽҼҵĻҾͲСĵﻹܷ˲ɡ
ǡ
ȽصĴ˵ฮĻȻҪҲ˼ͬеģΪ˼ฮǧҲˡ
󣬰ų˼һ
˼ǰڻֱʩչṦڵ۶ǵķϷȥ˼ŵñ۾ֻܸоʱʱĺȷ硣
С㵽ˡ
ܿ죬ų˼һƾɵפ㡣
˼۾˸оһΣԵòʵ
Ŷ
˼ŵ˵ϣͬʱฮĻҲˡ
ȥΣǱ׷ǰų˼ȭС㣬ǳȥǡ
ȥʲôฮʲôطֲǻҰˣҪ˹Ķȥš
˼ָһǻǰš
𣿡
˭ѽ
ż̸˴򿪡
һͷŮ˴ŷ̽ͷ˼Ůˣ;Ů˵ü۸СЩơ
òĳŮЦฮĻ˵СǴˣǴСȥġ
С䲻ฮܵʲô
Ůװʲô֪Ҫš
˼ָǰһڻҳȥ
ǣС㡣
ǿɲںŮ˵жʵǵлһŵֽ
δŮ˹ţһͱһ˳ߵڵء
Ů˷һɺɱˣฮĻɱˣûˡ
˵סضƫƧôҲû˴ѽ
˼ŭĿŮˡ
Ů΢΢һ㶣ӵ˼ӣҡ
ž
Ů˵껰һİƾʹϡ
˼۾֪ʱѾǰѵ֪ߵغŮˡ
һʱ䣬˼ɵøпǧŴṦǷͬ죬ȥʲôطûġ
˭ѽû㣬ô
ס죬֪˭Ǻ
ǣǸү
Ů޵ƣŵæ˺Ľűߡ
С㣬С첻ˡ
һѪС˳
˼СһĶҪˡͷ˵ȸСŵϣûҵ˭
Ҳ𣿡
СŮӣҪ𣿡
˼ûʱԼ˷ϻ
һӾͺˣһฮĻǼС˵ȥ
ǡ
ǲҪСĻ⺮ĻҪΪĳ̶ֳ˵ĻĻҪ
ܿСͱŻ˼Ҫȥ˳
һͷ׵ͷһòƽƽǳ˿ˡ
룬λ϶Сĵˡ
˼һתͷŻȥţѹٲ֤֤ڣǵ˰Щͽ֮Էʱˡ
ǣС㡣
Ըһš
ߺһڼ̱ڵϡ
Ůնų˼߽ıӰˣˣһжˡ
˼ǹϷţСֱӽҩռ䡣
һϵļ󣬳˼ϲķ֣Сֻ΢𵴣˹ȥˣϵѪҲһЩ޹ؽҪ˿ڣҪ
-

57 䵽߽

˼̫Сܶ鶼ãֻСιһֹѪֹʹҩͰС˳
Ϊ˸õľС䣬˼ҩռͷó˲ҩ
ЩҩԸһŮУСĴ
˼˳һ˵һ£ǻȥŮˡ
ô
Сˣĵ˰ɣ
һ޲ῴװʲôѽŮˣҲѵĿʱģڻŮõ
Ҿʹ󷢴ȱŮ˰ɣ
˼һʹʹɫǻȥｫС䱧˳
˼뵽һƣǾƭСĵ˵СѾˣֻСǵħצ
վĶ֪СûΨСĵСĸ绹ڹ
ˣԺ˭ѽ
¶һеɫ
˼ɨһˣнţԼȥ׬Ǯ𣿡
ҡ
˻˵ЩʲôȴŮ˶ס͡
ʱѾŵĹٲˡ
ٲǼڴˣʲôҲͰСĵﻹиˡ
ų˼ѾٲһͰ˶ιٷų
ΪС䣬˼Ҳĵﻹи̫ǳͷбҪġ
С㣬Ʋ
Сļ˸ٲߺ󣬵һʱߵ˼߽˼˻
˼ССһˣҲֱ㱧ڻ
ԶԶȻûŮиʲô
˼ƴǵɣҲʵ벻ͨһĺôܻҽԴ˼˵ȥûŮе󣬺Ҳ˶Դµɻ
Ů󣬳˼ŮаԼķСнơ
Ůдδ˵ƷԼҩƷڼ˲ٳ˼ЩҩƷĳ˼һɽҽڡ
СŮаú󣬳˼ûǴСлฮ
˼С϶ûɣҪʵţǸǹײ̵ͷ˵ˣǮڶˣС˶δȥ
ԸⱧǾͳ䵱Ŀɣ
С㣬ҪҴȥײ̸ʲôС䲻ġ
˵СҪˣôȥй䡣
˼ĵһۺ
֪дҲٴ˼ùͷ
˹ײ̣ͷ˻ڣ˼ˣæǰӭˣٲͷҶҪؼҳԷˡ
Ϊ˱ʾԼǸ⣬˼һӸͷ
ţˣײ̣Ǹʲô
ȦҲҵġ
ͷӹӣһ˼ȫڽϣﻹ˵̵顣
ǺãȻģһңҿҩܲײĻȦɣⲻҩҸһѾֵҵˣʣǮҲ㰲ˡ
⡭
ͷ˵꼸ֶӻ˳˼
㻹Ǹʮɣ㲻˿вסײĶ꣬㲻һ治֪ʲô
ͷĻó˼ĵĳλһůȷʵˣһʱһˣҪһ첻ˣͷŷʧȥĿһͻ
ҸһӣȥĵطΣЩֻƫƧĵط
⻹ࡣ
ͷְѽӽ˹ȥ
˼ЦԭͷǸִǰ˵ɲð˵һģȥӻǻصͷ
˼ȥţ˿Լĺ˵ҴķɺãҪؼҳԷˡ
˼Լһĺӣֵܱ̫˻Ȼֻúģ̫˻Ͳɰˡ
ãֻ㻹ûиң㿪ҩ̵֪𣿶ҿҩҪҽлԴУЩ㶼𣿡
˼֪˵ʲôˣǲ˵һЩ顣
лԴҵʶһ˹ˣʱҵ˵ҩ
˼ֻһ·ƭ
ǡǡ˳˼Ļԭˡ
Ӧ³˼󣬾ԼİȥæЩ飬ֱӽ˼͵ฮ
ʱ緹ոպá
ฮ緹Ϊɾܾˡ
˼ֺһص㣬ǾǺδδζԷ
ߺͽ˼˻
ŮߵСô£
ĵġ
˼С̵˵һ顣
ֱӡ˾Ӧ÷䵽߽
-

58 

ʹãСТ˳ˣֻСơ
ҲǣСǸѾߣֻĵʵڲ䵱˸
̾˺ü
˼ҲͦεġСԺͳɡ
ţҪʱҲϼźģôϲʵڲѾ߳ʲô
СҪ֪ô˵һῪĻġ
˼ͶȥһĨĿ⡣
ȫõˣãԸѾҲá
԰緹˼ȥпС䣬С˲޴󰭣ҪĻϢ
С㣬ҵĵﻹиأ
Сһ˼ͼĴӴ
˼֪СʣҲС䡣
̫ˣѾŵ˰ǹؽ˴ΣģֻͻųǴߵǮԼӣǳˣһ˸ǣͺú˰ɣ
ллС㡣
Сһ۽ǣлС㡣
㲻ĵ
˼ҲƣСĵΪǮЩСС䵽ͷȴҪԵ±Թ
ޣ巢֮ĸǽҴҲ㳥ʮ»̥֮
Ծڴˣ˼֪˵ʲôҲûˣΪСʼչһء
˼ֻΣСĵܴӴȡѵҪԺСˡ
䣬һµฮҩ̵ĵԼ齻˳˼С
˼߬סϵ飬ͷһʯͷҲ˵ء
ֻӣ쿪ţ˼û
֮ǰ֪ҩʲô֮ԣһĵȴ̡
˼ڻż꣬еʱ䡣
պ峿༱Ҵҵĳ˸
ԭ컹δʱ򣬹ͷһС̫˵ӹһͽ˹һֱڹţлŵ¡
С̫ܹĶݣô¶ȻҪһʱ֪ͨࡣ
ܼҳ䵱
ү˵ǲǳԱ˳ŵû¶ˣ
˭֪أǲ֪ҪʲôҪдɵҪûУϷǲҪҲõﶼϲá
ӣҲǺ졣
үҪҿඨ׼
ߣ˱ˮڣһɡ
ô˵ʵҲûס
Ϊˣָ׼Լʲôĵ¶Լ֪
󣬹ܼҾһֱڹࡣ
糯ڹ˼ʱ¶һ֮⳯ϣ˲֪˲
ϼݵ
ꡭ
ʱ˳ŵ¶Ҳ֪ˡ
κ󣬾ͳ̨վŵ࿴ȥ
˵Ҫ࣬дø޿
ǡ
˫ֽ³ʸ˲ܹ
ɲܹˣµ˻ϵϡ
ϲ¿һ飬ֿһ飬쿴̨µࡣ
°䣬ְ˵ǿŮдѽ
ϣ΢ʲôʱˣ˵˭ڴѽǻǲ۾⣬˸ͷ㲻Ҳ֪𣿡
ѽǼְô˵
ͣûл棬Ϊϲȷд¡
Щ飬ҲŮĻŽֵ֮ϣһ룬¶©ٳľͷ񾭣ƾ°ᵹأ
Ϊϲ𣬺ߣǲǾȢ檾Ͳ԰ҳ»ѻˣ󳼣ҳ»ûеڶ˸˵Լֻһλޣû檡֪˵Ϊϲʲô˵ǿŮŮںδ
ŮҵƯѾߡ
౻ʵеȦԴһȾ˵ôһ仰ǵûǹЦ
ְ䣬С檿ɲǴѾ߿ʼ縮ͷѾߣ㻹Ҫõ˵㰡ǸϺͿ
ЦĻϣһȻץϵ¾ҡ
౻Уʹ˺üͨһڵϡ
ϣ΢ҲǹۣųûҪݺ˼
ˣ컹ʲô¶¶˵¶˳
ϣǵϵߣѾ˺ܶˣմȥ롣
һλʱǰԡ
üǵϵƶѷֳߣǻа
ϣǲϺõǰǵϵߣֽϴ󣬻ҪǮƸʷܰġ
ţ¶Ҫһ渺ȥУ̨֪λԸȥһǵϵ
ϳ̨µĴǿȥ
-

59 ȥ

һ仰Ҳ˵˿̳֮ϰĳ档
ǵϵǷѽ˵ȥ˾ĶѰ»ϻѡеһȥǵϵ
ְ䣬޼ͦУȥɣ

š
ͻȻ۾Ҳʼ䡣
໰ʻ˶ӡܵΣǳĸ֡
ܺã޾ͷִǰǵϵްġ
Ŀࡣ
һ˵ͷ
˳֮һֱڹſں࣬˳˴ľҪԶ̧ͷû뵽͵ʴףԼˡ
࣬·ŵ㣬ǽ
վڹſںѵ
෴Ӧݺݵĳķȥ»⣬ֻҪҼʵһûܻģʱҲй֮ˣҾͲ㻹һ˶󡣡
ӴǣҾ͵
һһ˴ԭء
û顣
صҺ鲻˼һæȥʵʲô¶ѽĵġ
δһƯķ̡
಻Ľ֮Ϸ齲һ˼
˼СԹϲ˳˼С
ôܰôõĻøأ
Ůѽ߿ɲģҪ˵ġ
ʶǸҽָƣ£Ůҽ֮ʱҪ׹ˡ
ţɲɣ߸ʵΪһʼҲ⣬ཨ٣ɴ£Ҳҷɢһ»ϵעʡûһ쵽ҡ
Ǻðɣ
˼ˣ϶֮ģʲô׵ˡ
ֻǵϵ֮࣬˼Ϊһҽߣܼȡ
Ҫǵϵˣܰ׾ȣþҪҩ¡
ֻڴ֮ǰҪ֪ǵϵһֲס
˼ص󣬾ͳŴڵλúһɤӡİڣ
С㣬أ
һӴ˽վ˳˼ǰ
˼һֱͳ˫Ƥףֻװע
ȥһǵϵһߵˣһѪ
С㣬˵Ѫʲôʲôѽ
ע˼⡣
˼֪ʸͣҲ˵ʣҽôѪ
˼ڷһѡ㿴һ˵ֱպɫҩˮһȻͷ̽ȥţ鶯ɫĶѪͱˡ
С㣬ⶫѽ
עҿ
϶˼ִҩռһ
е䣬ԴϵͳֻҪѪŵ棬ЧıѪҺʡ
С㣬ʲô
ԽԽ͸˼ˣСһת۵ĹóôǰδĶ
ҲЩȫǲ˹˵ĶֻҪѳѪװӾСŶˣȥǵϵҪයѪʱǵôϿָס
˼ϸĵΪʾһֺȷʹ÷Žⰵߡ
ֻҪѪҺƶԿߵҩˣֻҩ磬ҩС
Ϊܶ˶޷ܵġ
ðȥɼѪѾ뵽˿ܷ飬ǰ˴˲ɼ
ԣִҽѧҪպʱУһͣǾ
ЩʱСԼķ˳
˼ԼСԺѣСæ֡ѡ
С㣬һμңȴһΡ
С䣬㲻Ҫɵ°ɣ
˼ⵣС
ΪЩ˼ܾСڷȥӰ
СҲɵ£⼸˺ܶ࣬ҼȻҪźС㣬ͲܱһȥҪһ˶ϵġ
Ǻãɼ㣬ʡٷϴ顣
С˵ͷ˼ЩпԣԲСԼĵߵһǣʱѾߣӣŵ֮֮֡
СѾߣֻһź˦С䣬СҲתȥźˡ
Сڱฮ֮ǰѾͨİձūŶܵСĵģԣСҪūֻܿԼһһȥ
˼СΪѾʼˡ
-

60 

Сϻصļңٻʱǵڶϡ
˼˼书ǿĻСߣСȥƽص˳
Сȥϴ£˼ǼСĻټ
СĵûΪСɣ
С㣬Сĵﻹи綼ˣҹС˺þãǻ˵˵أȴƣǸ㡣
ʲôô飬ǾȻڲ˵
˼Сķ俴˿һƬС
˵Сĵ粻ô˴ôţǶСˡ
СĵﻹиĲףҲεġ
С㣬ǲ˵ֻǿǵС֮ڿֲ㡣
˵˵ͰǸϳฮ
˼ļ٣С㲻޲ֿ϶ŷ˵ʹ࣬ҪСһ˵С
һǰСļ˱Ҫηųģǵٲŵʱ򣬾Ȼһڵη档
һ˵
˼ĬƬ̣Сļ˰ϧԼĻأҪ˵ɱƭࡣ
ǵʬںδҪȥ
С㣬ʬɲǱǺ«ĪҪΪСˣҪǸү֪Ǵȥʬ壬Ҳˡ
˭˵ҪȥˣǸʬС
˼ĳŻе
ڳׯ
ˣǶ°ɣ
˼֪Сʬľ巽λ󣬱һڻ
󣬳˼һҩռ䣬ٳʱѾׯĴſڡ
ׯ˼壬ǹʱ̫ƽ䣬ֻҪεˣǵʬ嶼ڷȵŵĹٲ󣬾ͻ֪ͨߵļˣʬߡ
˼פׯ⣬׵ׯſڵ࣬żһιڶ˵棬ó˼̲סһ¡
С𣿡
˼һɤӡ
ʱŸ֨һ˴򿪡
һѾ߷ٵŮ̽Դѽļҵôܵˣ
˭ׯĹ¶ġ
˼ŮͬʱŮҲڴ
ׯ¶ѾߣҼҹæţʲô¶˵С
Ѿ˪ɻǰСŮֻͣǰׯ˵ǵģҲ֪˭ҵĺӣ̶ֳܴȡ
˼üֻѾǸѶԸĽɫɲѾ˷ʱ䡣
㿴ʲô
˼˪ĺָȥ˪ʶľȥ
ȵ˪תͷʱﻹСӰӡ
ңǼ˰ɣ
˪һأľׯĶ¥
ӣҿˡ
ӣ󡣡
˪һ٣ֵĿվҹС
˼ѾߵԶδҲ̫Щ
ڰæµӻתͷЩƣĿ˪˪ǲ۹ȿˣҹҿû˵˯
ӣģ󡣡
˪ָų˼С
˼ȴڿ˪ĹӺ󣬳ɵۡ
塭硭
æµĳ΢΢һһ̱תɻĿ˼
ãôܵˡ
磬˵Ҫҵİ취û뵽˻δ۶ٴμ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
˼˵ͳųϵСȱȥ
ھ˼ǹ˪ſڣҪ˵ЩʲôҹϧĿų˼;ԼվǶģʶȤȤ˳ȥ
ĲӣҪ˽˵ṹҽΡã̫ªˣҴȥҼҡ
ȵȵȣҪʬ塣
Ҫʬ
Ϸ֣һҲ˽⡣
˼֪ôʣҲӦ֮ߡʬѾСļˣҾ֪ǵ򣬺ΪС䱨𡣡
ŶԭⶼǴ˸¶һǱȻؼҺȵ裬ٰ͵ߡ

˼û뵽羹İȿɰСޡ
鼱֮£˼СһץҲ֪ץʲôģԼͷ١
ÿӵ
Ͽ˼֮Űˡ
˼ԵĽеĶûǰһոµ˵ͷֻ̦ڣһжļ
˼ò磬ҽ飬ҲҪ֪ڣʲôʲô
磬ʲôѽ
ãҴӼΣ˪Ըš
Ͻ͡
˼ʱˣȻͷ˵Σͳô˻úˣһˣ˪Ǹ˪һ
-

61 뿪ׯ

磬ǿ˪ȥˣ粻ؼҪһԷ
˵ţ˼ͳ¥º˪ûȥǵö㷹Ҳԡ
û룬ǻؼҳ԰ɣ
Щεȥó˼ϵͷ
˼ռƣڳϵ˫ֿҪʱ򣬽ŵͬĨһ㣬ӿ
ڴͬʱ˪¥
˼˪ײ˸˪Ӧʱ˼סƳ˼Ҫһ¥
Сû¶ɣ
û£˪ûȥҳԲ˱ģ͸Ҷ׸ˡ
Ρ
˪ɴ۾˼
˼ŵ˫ֵݵ˪ǰ㿴ζʣðѪأ

˪˼еͷŵһףֱ˹ȥ
ϲЩͷʹԭ֪Ҳô¡
ã㿴˪ųʲôˣɾôһӦֵѾߣҪǸˣС硣
磬ǲϲСѾߣҪϲͿ֣ҪǸ˽ȵǣҾûɩˡ
˵ⶼǸ˭ѧģôһһ׵ġ
ϿҪˡ
òӴ֪ϲѧ˵һҲޡ
磬˪ˣ㲻ܣ
˼Ȼ˵Щ̥ͻ˵ǽ˪εһ£תע
Ŷˣ˪ѾͷСȴϲׯңȴ治ʡġ
߹ȥ˪ӵϱŵһԵ档
ϴʪë˪ʱ򣬳뵽ʲô͵תͷ˼
ãôģĻѾأУô֪
˼е£ԹӲаôʱŷӦҲеֲˡ

С㣬ԭСˡ
ʱС˽󻹸ฮʮ
С䲻ǵС㣬ǵү
үôҲ
С佫˼ڻֳų˸
϶Ҫˣһô֪٣ǲǽҲ֪ȻŹ
ˣˣǿ뿪ɣˣǧҵ֪ҪȻ
СͻҲɴ۾ϣƺڴǵү˵ҪȻ֮Ļ
˼֪ǸӺҪôǰʧӣԺǼþܡ
ҪȻҾҵǸϳҲò۶¹
С㣬ȫ㰲š
һʱ䣬ǾͲ˼¹ˡ
һĭڵôˣΪöˡ
˼ԼһԣС佫ԼƨƨߵܵС磬ҪߴС㲻˵˵ˣǺܴһʽͣҲûˣǵвǾͲôˣνϸˮǳơ
ã۶ȫ˵˽̸ԭЩŶġ
ʲôֵģܳԶ·˵ҲҪһ𣿡
˼Ƴһ۳ϡ
ǵãã㷽˵ҪС˵ʬ壬ʵڲ˼Ҳǵ󣬱Ϊ󣬶СฮѾߣʱǰѾ˽ˡ
Ǿôģ
ڽлҩĳɷ֣Ҳ²ǵķҩȻַʽϵɱļ󡣡
˵
˼˼Ƭ̣ôˣֻηͷĪıƺ
С䣬ǶߵǮͽأ
ûˡ
С䵱ʱģҲϻȥʱ
ţ֪ˡС䣬Ҳ̫磬Ѿ簲ˣһ࣬ϾҲҶ𡣡
ССûйֹ㣬ЩȫԼģңҲңҪǲ̰ͼǮƣҲ³
СҲβסˣߵĿ
˼ܹС飬ֶǵȥеġ
˼ָһСȻȥҪһ
С㣬ڲȥֽǮȥǣϾңҲô顣
ȥɣ
˼˳ͳһӸС䡣
СڰֵС㣬ҲҪǮˡ
㲻Ҫ֦Ҳҵһ⣬°ɣ
ллС㡣
СӱŻ뿪ׯ
ˣ˼Ҳûǻصฮ
-

62 

ڿԼһһӵʱ򣬲Щ
ǸѽܲܽһǮ
˼ΪԼˣϸϸζǮû
ţǸġ
˼ҲˬֱӴҩռͷһӸ硣
ϼǽӣɻ
ã꣬ĳŵҪôǮ𣿡
԰׬Ķ࣬Ҳ󷽰ɣǰãҴӻǶӮƽҸЩǷëǰˣҲõĵ֪
ã̫ϢˣұǮģ֮ǰҲҲǮֻҰǮȫǮׯˣ֪ȻҵǮˣȫָ˪ѾͷӣȻ˪û˵ұ
˪˼뵽ǸԼε˪Щ
Ѿ𣿡
㲻ϣ֮ǰڱʱȹһһ·βҵ۶Ҳߡ
磬԰̫н˪ϲˣúðգ͡
˼ֻ뵽ΪʱŮ֮飬ʵ벻ͨһŮƤĸһߵΪʲô
ãôҲ˵˪Եܿࡣ
ʲô࣬ݸóɸף췹СҾֱӴĺˣڳԿ࣬Կ࣬һȥ
˼˵ĶǴʵ
ЩڳϵĶȴһ͵Ů˲Ż˵ĻΪˣϿʼõδˡ
ã˵ƽΧЩʲôˣĸǨĵʣҪ߶һЩѾӣҾðջؼңҲҪõߵ˸ˡǣֻ
˼˵˺ܶ࣬䶼ˡ
ЩǱ˽̵ģҲ̥ġ
磬ҾǲȺ֪Ķѣ߶߶ˣҶˣʰʰȥҰɣҪԷ
˼ԼСЩĿ硣
ץץԴãʵڲ˼ͻˡ
˼̾һ˹Ȼ鷳
󣬳ߵԵ˪ǰ˼˪˪ӻȻתѡ
ӣ㶼æ𣿡
ţʹûؼʰʰһɣ
˪˵ͷȴڿ˼Щµ˶㡣
˼úЦ˪ӿɲһС
ĺˣҲŻˡ
ŶǣҲûʲôóԵдˣҵǮҲ컨ˡ
˪Լָ˼
˼ķȥϷӦæõһӽ˪С
ǡ
˪ŽĿɿڴô󣬻ͷһؼӣԣͷһӡ
øģȥȱʲôʲô
ӣһӣܶһܶӣҵóȻһȥô죿
˪֮˼Ҳ̫ȫϾ˪ûл
뵽˼ʹӸ˪
Ͳõ˰ɣ
С㣬ûжΪʲôһóӣ
˪ŵĿ˼
Ҳ˵֮ǰһӳ˿⣬ӳʵЩ˵ȥ
˼ۿֽסСȴʱ˽
С㣬үһˣү취һ㣿
С䣬㲻ȥ𣿡
ѾˣҶѾˣֻǻʱҿүұеĻṦһҲüʱ֪ͨү
Сĺܺá
˼СͶȥһĿ⡣
ǳϴ˿̵ȴȹϵһ㣬
ô죿
ӣһ취
˪һת㳯һԱϽʵĲӵʬȥ
Ҫװˡ
š
˪˵ͷ
˼ͦ磬Լ飬ֲ뱻ץֻܳˡ
ϼԼҲô˵ֻӲͷƤװˡ
һԼǶȫѪյʬһС˪һȾѪİײ˳ϵϡ
ͬʱׯĴŸ˴ƿ
ŭ߽ϣҳ
˼¶µģҲ֪ĸǷĻй¶٣ȻǼƻϲϱ仯ѽ
ô
˼ʱС䱧¥
ԼıŮׯŰˡ
ҵıŮôܵôµĵطûŵ
ϧ˼ļ϶ΪĵС䡣
Сô£
-

63 ˻ӵĵŰݷ

Сûйϵġ
˼͵
໹뷢𣬵ԼıŮޱĿԼֻѡЭ
Ůѽɲĵطظɣ
š
СĻӹ˼ҲΪС䣬еĻ﷭һ죬㱧ų˼СҲ
һǴͷɥ˳ǰͷĿࡰүֻпׯһСѾͷ֮ʬˡ
˵ſۣȻ˵ҵĶׯʬе˵ˣߣֱһɺԡ
³еһǰϳĳ
˼ҲһòǰӻţȻɲЩˡ
ûеԳɷ˼ҲźԺеǻᣬֻҪĵʱ򣬶档
ŮһλĿˣרġ
Ǻ𣿡
˼һ˿ϲ
ҡҡͷǰ˻ӡ
ǸСƺ
˼˾죬ΪǻԵأ
Ůѽ˵ʲô㲻ҲǸƽУǽܵ˻ӵģȻǸСǻӣϵĶӣ۾ҪԴ
֪ˡ
˼룬ȴ˻ӣ϶ٲ˱Сƺ
Ҫ˻Ӷ־߿ǲǾͳ׶˰˻ӵĺġ
ţѾʻฮĴš
˼Աû룬ǰ˻Ӿš
ų˼˻ǹĳһ񣬶ߵߣ໳֮ˡ
˼ҿԱ𣿡
Ȼһף˼ﷳ͸˻ӣ˵ˣװҲҪװһ˻ӿ
ԡ
˼ɵĵ˵ͷ
ཫ˼˻Ӻ󣬾ͽԼæΪɣѵطڸ˶ˡ
ߺδȳ˼ڣ˻ȴʱͻȻ֡
˼ΪԼݺݵˤһӣû뵽ʱСֱ˵棬Լӽס˳˼
˼վСļûɣ
ûУСأ
˼һݺݵĿ˻ӡû뵽ôݶˣһֻһС
ߣҵֱС٪壬ǱߣҲıҸʵĽɽɣ
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˼ϣʵй
û뵽˻ӻͦȻôͿСʵϣСֻ겻ԭˡ
û˵ȻܴҸŪƽҸΪ»˺óһʱ䣬˵ΪСĶӣòˡ
˼⻰û˻
ԭ˻ֻϻģС!Ҫ׵ıֻ˻ڵ֮ң˾͸ͨĺӲһ
ҪôĳҪô̫֮λҪôֵܵϻϺٵɢүһӾôȥˣǲ֪˻ӵҪʲô
˼ҡڲ˻Ӽ˼˵˵Ĭʹ˵ĶǶԵġ
ţȫԣ֪кܶС𣿡
֪С۶һ
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˼Ծ˳ˮۡûȫ۶СܿΪ㸸׬ƽġ
Ҳ֪ҴǸһ˼Ǹɳϡɳļױȫ˸ʣֵһƽ𡣸ھͳɳһˣǰȥ밲ûһ۾ҳȥԼ
˵˻ӻЩĵ˸̳
˼װ˻ӵͼˣʧȥ˸˵ˡ
ǻ򵥣ˣСֶɳٲҲ޷㸸ǰ˷ˡ
ʲʲôֶΣ
˻ϲĿ˼
˼ߡ㲻ȫ۶ĺԼѽ
˼ûôأҪ취ٸ˻Ӱˣǰ˻ǻҪһҡ
ϻ֪Сһ϶ͷͷϡ
û㣬ֻ˼һȥˣʱ㡣
˻վֱ߳ฮĴš
˻ߺСæǰʵСղû¶ɣūˡ
û¶
С㣬˻Ƣ죬ԺٺӴΪ
£޷ǸӸõǹСƺˣзִ硣
˼ð˻ӸҪ
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64 ҼҲĺ֮

緹˼׼˯һһӰȻķ䡣
۾һȻǺ
ңл֮ǰӡ
Ǹأ
Ⱦˡ
ʲô
˼ͣʱˮʹۿ˳
״æеߵ˼ǰĽ뻳С
ޣⲻԹ㣬κ鶼д۵ģ첻ҲΪ㣬߱ǰְҲⱲӵ
Ҳѽôʬںδ
˼Ҫƿκֻһӡ
ʬ壬Ѿյˡ
⻰˼ľ͸Σ֪Ӧúǰһȥǵϵġ
ˣȥǵϵô
õĺܣ֮ǰǲ˺̫ܶҽԺ̫ҽ࣬ϼһĲᣬķӱ˭ࡣ
˼һԷЩҲûİ
Сϰ䣬ʿ϶Ҫͨ˺ãֻܱȾߣοͨϰˡ
ԣҪƺÿߵҩС
Ӹҡ
˼ָָϵӣ۾˼
ʲôŴ򿪣ǱĺӭϮ
ֻһµӣ˵Ҳס
ССרһЩϡŹֵĶҲ֪ⶼ˭ġ
˵ɻ󣬵Ҳڱһĺʶ
˼ڵϺ󣬱ȥӡ
˼źӷԼĽűߣһת̧ͷ
ȥһݼңûԱҪҿɲԡ

ǾȥѧϰҪȻ뿪ҵķ䡣
˼Ϊʱ֧ߺҲɷѿġ
һĵǲʲôѵġ
ţȥȥ
˦뿪ߵſڵʱŤͷʵ㲻ǧԲѵ?
ǣһľͻԶ
ŶʵǸõϰߣԶ׳֣㡭
ȥ
˼ָſڣѾȫˣû뵽һůУֻڲҪůУֻҪһɴˡ
ü֪ģų˼һɤӾ඼Ϊ֮һõĺȴһĺӺ֮֮ȥǹգ
ҡҡͷ뿪˳˼ķ䡣
ߣ˼صĺһ
ҩռ䡣
˼һԶֶغҩƷΪ˷£׸ֺ󣬾ͽѪҺŵС
ܿ죬еһֱϸǿɱ
ϸ
˼뵽ҽǻҲϸһʼܶ˶Դ޲ߣǳ˼ҹսһҹʱƳ˶Ըϸİ취
֪ôԸǵϵˡ
˼ϲסԼС
ͬʱѾüҪƿš
˼æҩռ˷䡣
أʲô磿
ŵӲˣ˼ϸִһЩֵֹĶ
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˼ɲԼԼ⣬ųļ˫ֻûأ
û˵ʲôԼһŵ˳˼Ķ档
죬С̡
Ҩһ׼صݵ˼ߡ
˼˼һ˼⡣
˼С˲Ͱˡ
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˼һ³˼⣬ָպ˺ϡ
Ľһţŭӳ˼Сź򣬱ˣԱ㡣
ƾҪߣ˼ЩʧӾǺӣʮҲǺӣͣǸʱҲڶһˣͬʱҲÿҳĵڡ
ûڣƢеŹ֡
ҪС
˼˺һۣһ̾ͰƵ˵ϡ
ǰĺˣֹס˽Ų
𶯣š
ͻܻ˼ӵϱ
˼е޷һԼȻۻˡ
û£ˣҽҼңһӿǵϵߡ
ҽĺ𣿡
ҼҲĺ֮ѽ
˼˹ӣе£ΪʲôСǰԶ˵ʲôȴʲô˵
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65 һϷ

ҽ𣿡
һ˫ӺȻ
˼ɵôһӺ֪ҽ硣
ֻǴҽǴеô񣬹ؼʱ̣ҪҸá
˼ֻٴһˡ
ġ
˼Ŀź
ٴòſ˵ʲôӡ
ţӵǿԸ㣬Ҫһæ
˼Ŀź
ֻýᷢʲô飬˳˼һЩ˵ɣ

˼ʹյ˺Ķߡ
˼ĻǴͷ𾪵˽š
㻹ͷԣ´ҽҪժߣһ⵽ǸʲôˣȻôչ˱δ
˼ŲںҴݣֻҪ˵Ҳ֪ĻǸˡ
ֻһĿģǽ֮ƣҩһҹ֮
ν㲻˭һҩ̵شƫƧ֮أ
ֻǿȽ϶ѣʵҾһͨСŮ
˼źգգ۾
ߣĵǣСһһ쵽ǰװأһ죬ҪΡ
Ӧ˳˼Ҫ󣬵ϡ
Щʱ򣬳˼С䵽ҩ̣ӣ˼ò̫ÿѽש߽ש
С㣬ҪҼְɣ
ǧ㲻ͬ㣬ûο
˼˵Ķ滰
С˲˲١
ٿۣҲҪС㣬ҩһҹ֮ʰ
˼Ϊҩ̸ӽִҩռʮܡ
󣬳˼ռͣҩƬռڷڻϡ
æһУȻҹ˼УСǿҪ̱ˡ
С㣬ŻؼҰɣ
ȵȣҸö
˼һҩռһƿֽţϡ
˿ܹٲȱٵøСȣҪССһȡ
Сʲô
СҴЩ֡
˼εҡҡͷС϶ǽϵƿӵ˻ƽ
Ұ㿪
˼ùСϵϣſڴһᣬֻ±һϾͱ˼ˡ
Ȱɣ
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˼ĿС䡣
СӣֻýϷŵߺһСڡ
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Ѻ𣿡
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СҡҡͷȻᣬǱĸо˺
˵ţС͹һڡ
ϲͺá
˼Ѱ˼ҪҪѱصСʳóʱҩ˸OO@@
˼ʱС䣬ˡ
˭˭ѽ
С䲻Եĳſڿȥ
һǿδ˹
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Сսϵϣ˵ʱڲ
ϴ㿴ѾͷϺôһƽ𡣡
һ۴һϴ̵Ĵ˵
̺۴ۣҲСõǻƽ
ǣϵǮƣǾͷŹǡ
̺۴һҲ⻰û˵䣬ѾԼ⡣
˼˵Ƥôүأ
˼Ҫʧˡ
˼ͳһѺڶġ˵ͳδ󺺵ϴȥ
ֻСЩʧ˼ʱδѾ˵ϡ
㿴ûУҾ˵Сַ˰ɣ
ŵţҵ̫ˣôԶŵϵĺζ治֪ûűδ
ʱ˿̣ҩ̷ϵĺһС̸
˼֪ЩǺŵһϷ롣
С㣬ô죿
Ҹо߲ƣдƤģҹſ϶Ǹһɽֻɽܵ۶רܵҵҩ̣ѵ㲻ÿҪǴȥ̿ҪǼˣҾͰ˵ڳһ
˵գ˼Ͱδҩռ䡣
ڷʱʱ̿עĺͰûһС޳˵һ˱ʧˣʵ̫˼ˡ
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66 Ѿ

ȥˣ
ɻ󲻽Ŀ
Ҳѽ˲ƽ޹ʵʧ
ĹСѾĵĹ
С㣬ʵ̫ˡ
ԸǸ÷
˼С֣С뿪ҩ̣ʱһƬ߸һŲ顣
˼͵̧ͷȴǿһ˫Ϥ۾
ôϲ˷𣿡
˸ţĵ

ҡ
˵ˣ¯죬Ṧء
ǣ
ȥΣ㲻ʣȴֲҸԼҵԣֻ뿪
ӷֱ߽˳˼ҩ̡
أ
ѽҲ˵˭ŵģҵˣ㰲ŵģ̽ҵĹԲԡ
˼ѹҩռ¶ĴܣС䣬˭Ҳߡ
ʲô򣿡
ĿתĶų˼һܸȤӡ
ҵһʱһ˹ȥҼͣһײ˹۷Ҳѧˣղнˡ
˱бٰǱ
Ǹ˼ˡ
˼ҲûԥСһֳԭλá
⣬ⲻܣ˵۷Ϊαһ˿
ܣҪǸ㣬ѧҾˡ
˼˾С죬һͷӡ
ʹգֻܵ۷Ϊֻ֮ǰֲܹ
ǱĲԣС˲Ǵ˹
˵˭Сˣ
˼ܾ˵ܳ壬дȣǸһǷӣβ
㰡ССһޣ㲻С𣿡
С˵ģСˡ
˼һС䱧Ŵ뿪ҩ̡
㲻СҪˡ
ͳ
ýѹԺô飬ͷǵó˼ѣûȤ
߳ҩ̺ӣСҪţǿŵ˲ɵͣһ¡
С㣬Ǹô죿
˼ˣ˵ô죿
²¯졣
˼Ǹ¯ʲô˼˾ԲˡһΪ庮´βҪֵͼİϷҲҪ֤˼˭̽ġ
˼Ĵ۾ֱĵź
ĭԺб뵽һ˼϶Ĵ𰸡
ǰͽ̫ô
ףТ޺Ϊ̫࣬ǵĵжѽ
˵Σ
˼ѧŴ˵ģԼ°˵ţǴѾߵ·ȥฮѾߣˣǻҪױſԡ
ãǡ
סûЦʵֿ˻
ֻû뵽δȻôĶȤζ
ͳ˼ĸҽˣ󣬺ͳ˼ص˼ҡ
֮ʣ߳˼Ը飬Ѿͻ˵ˣҽҩҩ˳㻹һϵеҩ
ҵҩѾ׼ˡ
ãЪš
һξܾЪϢ˺ĺﳤȥ
౧ų˼źԶȥıӰ˵ԻŮղźͺ˵ʲôΪʲôҲ
ѶսһҸ㡣
Ǻ˼Ͱߵ¶˵ûˤ
Ҫ׬ϵǮѽ˵㡭
ܲС۵ھӿָ࣬׼ǽжأ
Ů˵Ŵӻ׬ôǮҪʼʩǵĻպڳҴСЬѽ
Ĺǳ˼ףֻǵߵǮ׬ֱǱ
ɳ㣬ͲڰѽֻҪû֪ҩ̸ฮйϵͳɡ
˼ţǰ˻Ӳ˵ɳױ˻Դ
һٰǷǮ϶ɳɾһɥʧȤˡ
Ҳǣǵ»պ֪¡
Ǿһɿ˴ҩ̡
ô˵ҵһˣһԶֶгĬ˵ȴڴﵱһУӹҩ̣˷⣬ֲ㲻ҽͿҩ̵Ķ̰塣
ǵͰѽ
˼һϣĿ
˵ͷ˵ӱޣĬСӸҴ
ǣү
磬Ծฮ㳯ŵ۶Ŷȥ
һҹ඼û˯ãʵڻ֣̿ҶԼҸŮҲǺ²ѡ
ԴŮǾ漣Ļ˹
-

67 һ

ڲܺͳ˽ǴӻһٵǮ˵ʵʵЩܲôŮԣԸͨͨ
գ컹ʱ򣬳˼ͱӴϽѡ
ŮԶˣȥ
š
˼һǷһС䴩·
·ã㱧С˸е
ĬѾڴ˵Ⱥʱ˼Ĭֻһŵꡣ
һɫ£ܺڵͷһɫ˿žһͯӡ
ĬݱȺĻҪ㼸֣ƫŮԣ˼ǾóĬ˸ĳŷʮƣŷͶϲݣŷȻġ
á
˼ĻѾȲĳųĬС֡
ˡССͣôһкӾҪȥأǲԵġ
ұ𣿱úͱոֲỳС
˼ŲŮ־ܻȵͼЦĹ۵㡣
ԼŮ˵˾ĻеðΣŷӦ
⣬Щ˭̸ġ
ţɳȥμӴԣҽ˺öŮ֮¶
ߣŮǸԼƷлҲͰˣҵŮ
ֱӡ
˼ע⵽ĬһֱڵͷС˼
˵ЩˣҿˣóԵģһкö˵أ
Ҳá
ಢûкͳĬཻ㺰ܼȥ֪óԵ
˼Ҳף˭һݣңִ٣ǶЩݲмһ˵ģֻһÿ˶ܺãֻҪǸ˱˺򣬵ҵᣬһð̵
ΪҪ糯Ҳȥϴˣ˿ھֻʣ³˼һЩˮѾԼվһĬĳĬ
ɣԺͰﵱԼļҡ
˼ųĬ¶һɰЦݡ
Ĭ˵ͷŵһϡ
˼ųĬˣɵø̾ҪǷŵִ֪Ҫ͸ٸŮӵġ
һ緹ˡ
˼ûѡͳĬһòͣǰѵطڳóĬԸ˳ġ
ȵĬ꣬˼Ž˵¶
˼⿴һϵķˣеӶɾˣĬҲ˼ڹ۲췹һӾͺ쵽˶
˼ٺһЦߣฮסˣЩҲԹġ
˼ףһǳʱ䰾ͣóԵҲѳֲסٺóԵĶҲгԹʱ򣬵ȵ֮ʱԷͬ
󣬳˼Լ׼һһ˵˳ĬĬʱ𾪣ʱֵ̿ıó˼ЦҲǸС֮ˣǺС
˵󣬳˼ĿųĬʤ𣿡
Ĭ˼òŵ˵ͷȵ˼׼ط·ʱ򣬳Ĭס˳˼½ǡ
ţĬòˮīд˰˸֡
ζȢޣ豨ꡣ
ģΪҩ̾Ϲķϣҩӯİٷ֮һ㡣
˼Ҳ󷽣ֻҪҩ׬һӣͳһΪĬĹǮ
Ĭмдлл֣˼ݸһЦ߳
СȺʱԼС㣬ʱ׷ʡСı糤ôѽ
ϲ͡
С㣬Ҿʡ
Ҳ˵˵
˼С䣬ֱС䶺ࡣ
˼·СԼͳĬҩ̡
С㣬᲻̫ί㡣
ίֻҪ׬ǮʲôС
˼ԼСּһ׼͵Żϵˡ
Ϊڸݣ˼СͳĬŮĬҡһҩ̵ƹСǳ˳Ĭķޡ
һ˼ʱ̳ҩУֲϲˡ
һԹеʻҩ̵档
˼СͳĬȥݺˣǾһˡ
СͳĬ˵ͷ߳ȥӭӹˡ
˲Ǳģǲܹһλ̫ҽ
С仭һǳªױݣܹһ棬ͰѲܹŵòᡣ
Ůݼ
С䳯Ųܹ¡
ţĬų˼Ҳ
ܹסĿڿһС䣬Ѱ˼ôªŮʱֱĬڻĺһ
⣬Ǹʲô
عҸ๫ıŮ
Ǹˣʲô
ָܹų˼ϵһ뾪ֵ
˼͵Ц޷ۺīˮһѣͰܹŵôܣҲˡ
Ůˣɲػš
СѹɤӣԵЩˡ
-

68 Ҫ

˰ˣǮӼֻȸһ֣ʣµǮҪҩܷ֮ۡ
ܹһ
ţʹӲܹ߳һλͷ׵ҽ
λС㣬ҩںδ

С佫ҽҩ̡
ܹȴȥǸ˼гĬ档
˼ŲܹһŴôôֲСųĬ˵Ҳȥɣ
Ĭų˼Ųܹһ񣬱תҩ̡
Ĭߺ󣬲ܹڰͲסߵС̫˵ǺҲ̫ˣӼһȥҽӼҿ㰲ҩС
С̫˵ǣʵȴ˵ϣѽӱǺӸˣ˼Сأȴһʵʵڵĳˣԣǹ
ҽСҩ̣С˵ʲôҽĲɣ󿴿ãȫעҩϡŹֵҩˡ
˴뱲ӣǴûмôߵҩ裿
ҽһţƽⶾƬ´󻹲һŷϸϸƷ
˼ģպÿһĻˡ
˼ĳСķȥССĿ⣬ҽ˵ҵҩÿһҩǼֵǣҽȥоҪǮġ
ɫҩǮ
Сҽʼ۵ʱŤͷһ۳˼
˼ʮָС⡰ʮӡ
ʲôССļҩҪʮӣ
ҽȻɵõɴ۾
ԣҪҽӹǱ̸¶
ȵȣǡ
ҽ˿ֻһ뷨Ǿǰɫҩûȥúоһ
ҽʮӣС㽫ţƽⶾƬҽ
Сû¶Ͼǵϵ߲Ǵ¶
С佫СϾ׼õгҩһиҽţѵ嶾Ƭ
ѵѹӢ
ţֹѹӢ滹ζҩ⼸ζҩյһǾȻĿأŶ裬ŵߵ˳ˣҪ˼Ȭ
С䰴ճ˼ǰȫ˵ҽ
ҽźӣֱҡͷһҩֻ֪ҩ֭ˮȴ֪ҩŨҩ裬ҩЧҪЩǲѽ
СҽһӣɵС㿪ġ
ҽ˴ԼһǧеѵƬܹҲΪƽһӣĳĬС䶼ˡ
ܹҽߺС㽫˼ϵĴժ
С㣬ֱǸš
ǵȻ
˼ڲ꣬һҲûʲôޱϲ˽š
˼ͻȻ뵽ԼӦĬĻǱ㿴Ĭ˵ٷ֮һӪҵΪı꣬ҽ׬һƽǱһƽղܹ÷ŵҩƬʱ׬ĸˡ
Ĭˣ¾͹˳˼ǰ
óһϸľ̿ڵдһ֡
С㣬ҲҪôǮһΪ׬ӣÿ¸һӣҾ֪ˡ
ߣû棬㲻ڸ׬ǮĻ㶼ҪǳϲƶΪЧͣҸ㱨꣬ö࣬ĹĸɣһΣҪǲҪ
˼
һԵСֱҡͷ޲ڳĬǰ˵㲻ҪҾҪˡ
ǣЩǮСĬģֻһ롣
Ĭ±ĳĬˣҲҲҲľ̿ڵд֡
ɰѳ˼ĲᣬͷС䡰Ĭƽһƽʡö࣬Ĳƽ⡣
С㣬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
СסĿڣһܲסɳȥ
С䣬ôҲ
С㣬ҪҪ
С̫˽СˣСǸŮǮлǮֱǸŮССĺ⣬СҲת˵ġ
ܺãҵĺǧҳ˼Ҫ۶ߣǱҪһз
˼̧ͷ
˼֪ǣǳ˼ŵӣȾ˹ڵϵĳĬ
óĬӵվʼСǵһƽ
ʣĻƽһ³ƽฮ˳С䡢ĬԼ˼Ҳ˻ȥ
һ·˼˺ܶ࣬ڹŴһԶʵڲʺϱȥģҲǡǡˣĬŻẰС㣬ԺͲ磬ֱӽĬˡ
ฮ˷ܵĽһأԹܼҷԸлһеŰݷõĿˡ
һ˵װлƽҲ̧
-

69 Ϊ

Ůѽֿ˻϶ٽӣ
׬ģǿӣҩҲܹģⶼ˲֪ϵġ
úúãŮС
СĻӹ˼Ƿཱུϰһڡ
˼ĺʮˣָоִǻְֱ׽һ֪˼ˣһĻȴǾȲѡ
Ůôˣ
ĺˣۡ
ŶʵǶԲѽԺѺӹˡ
һ۵Ŀų˼
ү㻹ǱΰɣˣΪʲôŰѺ𣿡
СͻȻ뵽һ¶ǹүģ
ྭСѣȻǼ¶ǰ˵Сʺϵ࣬һ֮²ĺӡ
ӱˣҿɲҪһС
ʵ˼̫ϲȻṴЩȥ¶˼Ǹ
׶ˣֻó˼ãһӤԲų²ߡ
ǺãͲκˡ
౧ų˼װлƽӿȥ
˼ղʵ⡰һоǧŰƽҵĸڱ߽һҿ࣬ЩǮӸǣóԵģ塣
Ůƺ˽ƽжֵǮĸҪôǮĸʮӾ͹ˣЩǮҪԺ㻨
˼ͷ
˼ϲ˵ӶۣרŮ뵱ʱŮ˼㣣ȻõĵǰǸְһ
󣬲ܹȥһҩ̣Ȼҩ̵ŽʹòܹòѰһС
ܹĴæߵҲûҩ̷޶˵֣ǵסַҲûʣҩЧǮȴ򲻵
˼ϢɳСͳĬȥҩҩ
˼ûиһȥǸͤеĳѡ
Ů˵ϻ᲻ҩѽ
ᣬϵĸ̫СѽֻɳͲأ
˼ſ쿩Ц
಻ԡɣ
ɳԼ޵Ķȫ˻ϣ˵ֵһƽҹ߳ɶҪǵˡ
˵ʲô
౻ԼŮĻŵֱӴӵϵ˵¡
˼״æµȥ֣ǽԼСַĴϡ
ôˣ
Ůǲ׬̫ˣΪѽ
ֲǲ֪ۼҵĴһһջжĥɱ¿ҵĸǶҪ꣬Ŭ׬ǮһΪңǡ
˼ҿ˿ûǲģ㽫Լĵʵ뷨ն
ֱ޳˼
Ůǽüѽ
δѡ
˼ЦЦ
೤һӵվ
ղֻΪ˵ϣûˡ
ոճ˼˵ģǺĴ㣬һԼĸǴű췴ߣͶʱһõܴһǮ˼Ϊ˶ǡ
ҹСĬŴǮฮİ̧ģȫ̿˵ûһйİտ
֪Ǯˣͳ˼Ž˯⡣
ʱ˿̣ʹлһʧ֢Ҳһβٴɳ
ܹ˵ɳǲɥǣ
ϣ˵ʲôʲô
ܹС
˵Ϊ޴һʾ޿һתʮƽ͵˱˵ϣϴΣǧͶ˲ٻƽȢһֻ׬˶ʮƽδҲ̫˰ɣ
ϳ̾
ܹȴЦϿŵĲˣ˵Ǻ󹬣Ů˸ָģɽֲﶼȫ϶ˣȢԼˡ
ܹԹԣҲֻͷ˵Ͼϵ¶һ̫Ҳȥܡ
ϣǮǵϵİѣʱʾű쳹أա
ʲôǵϵ绯ҲӲǵμӿƾ٣ҲΪ޵ĳ͢һΪͶһ˲ţ˵ǵ澳еһԴ޿һֻͼԼݵ˽ա
ϣΰǣһмģĵЩֻҪ˼ҪΪˡ
ϣ˰ɣ
ϳŲܹ˰֡
ܹ˳ϵ޹ȴɳֹ˻ϵ޹档
ܹεҡҡͷֻȻ߿
һϸ˯⣬ɳ޹ͷ޿
-

70 ҩ̻

ˣһ˯Ҳûˡ
͵ȥѵɳʱɳſǻ洫˽
ϣ𣿵ʲôҩҪʮƽȻǵϵİҲҪǣǮܻĲѽ
ǰ˼ǡ
Ϊ»ϸ飬繩ҩҩ̡
ɳ棬Ȼǿɳı顣
ЩʱѾԼİȥˣȻûʲôȴǿ˳ȥһҩ̡
ȻֻôһƳȴɳ˸һεĻɡ
ңΪĻһйء
ôһ˵ҲΣްú¡
ǣϡ
ɳһЦȻϻǶˣСֶΣµõ˻ϵĻģֻһǿŪȥˣһأǲһҪƣܲʧ衣
ɳԼ뷨ԺǵòΪӮǡ
磬˼ͱС˯ѡ
С㣬ѣǼˡ
ҼҸʲôѽ˵Ҳڡ
С㣬㻹ɣ
СΪˣСһܸȤֲ˵ΪǰС˵ˣûʲôˡ
˼סСջСæ𴲡
˼ϴϣСͱų˼ֱȥ
˼Ǿ˶۾ͻȻ߷ɫȻ˳˼ҰУ˼ʱ˾
⣬
СۼСҪ˵ʵæסС㡣
˼С˼󣬹װʲôûпСҼкιɡ
Ҳûʲô¶ҪǺѾߣҾæ
ˡ
˼ɨһŮѵĴ󺺣
θж췭ˣȴ˵
ţҲãرӵѾߣΪÿġ
ָһųӵĴ˵
˼ˣˣ޷ҫ͸Ѿߡ
ΪĽʣܣ
Ҳһѽ
̫ɶˣΪʲôѾ߲Ѿߡ
˼ƾҪޡ
СæοС㣬ĪǺҪɼСΪѾߣǲֱƸˡ
ҪҪҵ
˼໵һɤֱӿ
С䱧ų˼żǷǷʵڲ˼СҪȥҼү
ȥɣҲҪˡ
ԴǸ˵
С䱧ų˼߿ڣסûַ˼һޣѾߣҪ޳
һվŵʵΪ̶е飬ҪǺǲ˵͸̯ˡ
ûһҲˣ˼ֻط˯
պǵϵһĺϢѾȫͬʱ˸ǧƽ𣬶ңϻʱ
վԱȫЦһǧƽ𣬻㽫ϣܿĳȻĸʵڲô
һ仰û˵³󣬹ڹſڵࡣ
࣬ô
ߣɵӡ
˦ֶ࣬һ˦ۿ첽˿
һĻƫƫֱΪ಻ֳ
еĴ󳼶̻ؼˣȴ
飬ͷ
ػϣҩûʲô⣬ΪܶҩʮҪ򵽣Ǯתתջǽ
ţСҲЩȥɣˣҪȥ˯һ
ƣĴһǷ
˸˻ʹߺ󣬻϶ɳû£һԵĳ̲ܹ˵ɳ˵屧
ϣһᵽ޹ġ
ָδһ£κ˲ô
ҲԹɳһףһºġ
ǵϵߴƣ۶еһòҩҲһҹ֮͸˰졣
ʱ֣϶ڽй䣬Σǧƽ˵͸һ
պ˲ӣ㽫ͳͳ
С㣬㿴Ƕ黨ô
̫ˡ
ôϵ̯ϵǮֻ̯
ȥʲôҲûֻһЩϺõĲϣȥ˸ԼƯ·
˵βǼҩҩһţÿ췹һŶõĳ֡
-

71 ס

ǰҲ˵ǰ鸮ĴСһмҩÿٷĳһҲĳ֡
˵ˣҲȥɣΪ˼ʣûˣζĶˡ

ʱһȺԼ̼ͬСĻ˼Ķ
ֶæԼСӣ϶϶𣿡
СϸһȦ㲻õģǳʱ򡣡
־֣ʲôģߣҲȥǸʲôʵҩ
رйصҩǰңҲҪȥһơ
϶ֻһѾߣҴСʲôֻͬС
⽫˼ӵԼĺСסҳ˼Ҳסһʱ䡣
Ϊļң̨ͤ¥СˮĺɻԼ̬ļɽסֱסҪ񫡣
𣿡
һߵͤС
ڳ㽶ĳ˼㶣壬ӦԶɣ
ԡ
ţ˵˿ҪݽĿŶ
ֹ˹γ˼ɰСӡ
˼˹˵ã˳裬衣
豾ᣬ轣ǿԡ
ҽҲϲ轣
˼ЦӯӯĿź
پһܸоСѾͷҪʹʲô
ֿʼ̣˼һҲûӮΪˣ˼׸ˣٳȥĴҲˡ
ǰģ裬һҲȫ
׸裬һ䣬һŸģûǾĸͦȤ

ҲˣӮʲôġ
Ǳ
ʵᰮ壬ǰû˸棬Լ棬־̫ûӣʵ壬ܷŹᡣ
˼˵ҪȻǿĵĽ
һ֣ˣ˼ѣΪлᶺһˡ
ţҿ
˼ҲǸû赸츳ˣú裬赸ֻֻϣûֻԽ̺е㲻ʵˡ
ҲһôһУȴִ粽С
棬ȷ
Ŀ˼
˼֣صĵ˵ͷǵġ
ų˼棬۾գģֱһȥ
˼״ЩΣмˡ
ĶЩˣеĹܼʱ˹ѯʺ緹ѾãСǷòͣ
ţҶˣھȥԡ
˼ʶһºʲôóԵģڵѾˣֻҪ̫ӲĶԼĶܺһԷˡ
ӳ˼ߵɴһѴ
˼Ĳϲ˱оԼһ쵽˱ڻǣ˭ֻأ·߲ȵҲ߲죬ֻˡ
ڳ˼ֻһ飬Ǳǿ쳤
˺˼ͱϵʳˡ
ֻһųľϣ˸ɽ亣ζ
벻һүԸɡ
˼ҲʵĴˣֻԼ˼˵
ܼǧ˵˷󣬲ɵҺ:С㣬ҼҺƽֻˣһһأֻٴˣ뵡һ׼緹ˡ
˼˹ܼҵһΪжЦӯӯĿҲԵҼҳԷؼÿζԡ
һΣһԡ
ںͳ˼ĹϵôΣ෴ദĺܺãȻųЩҪĹ
˼ֶȶ̣ö˶Բ죬ÿҲôȵЩĲ̣ι˼Է
һٷʱԱĳ˼һǷˣҪ˯
˯ɣط
ڻûط˼ֻ֪֪ԼʱںĻ۾ŴԶķ硣
˼뾪ź֪ϾҪ˯ˡ
ٴα۾ƾ죬ֲԶ͵İݾصǶҸֵʱ⣬ԼİһȥĲμӻչŸɫͯ˷ֽܵкãЩѾˡ
ţ˼ӣʵǿˡ
͵۾³˼ȾϷ纮ܼ֡
̺
ǣ
ܼСȥ̺ӣͷֿ˻ƽʱҺʲô˶ӴָΪδҲÿ˲٣ǺﻹҲΪ˶İɣ
ܼҲһᣬ̺ӱСȥ
ۻʱ˶˯ˣĿǣһһһ˫ˣá
-

72 

˼ںסһ£̫˼Ůȥĺ˼˻
һ˺ܶ顣
Ҳʶ˼ǸǳȤˣԼδһȷѡ
˼ҲʼԼĴֺ޾ϸʲôҪܣİС
ôȥ
С㣬ʲôأū澼Ʋֵġ
С˼ͷҲ˵ڿԼָͷЩġ
ûʲôС䣬ȥҩ̿ɺá
ţС㣬Ҫ˵أǳĬҩ̴ľ㲻ฮʱ䣬ҩ𱬡
Ŷá
˼ĵĵ˵ͷΪҩ̵ҵϾҩļ۸ߵףһ˸
ȻҲԼĵߣҪҩ˼ңóĬЩǡ
Сų˼ҩ̵棬ûнȥ
˼⿴Ųͣ˽Ӷӽ˵Ļ
С亰죬ûзӦ
С㣬ҩ̵ļҩã⻹Ҫ˵۶ЩȨСǵ֧أ
˼Цӯӯĵ˵ͷȻһŮĸʱУֻҪܻĴ۶ɡ
ܺã֡
˼С䱧Լظ
һϤ˹Сɰ
˼ˬü
С
˼ɨһۼϴķɫȹӣȹȷʵֻȴݵЩ
ǡ
Ҳõ˼Ŀ佱͸ӵĿˡ
һԵ϶ʹ˸ɫ϶ָָ˼ҩ˵ûУҼС㾭ҩ̣ҩãҼСܱģҩ̵ҩأ
ҩ
˼ֿһۼģɵõ
׻˵ĺãҩֶҩȻãҲʺϳʹãǼҩԶ˵֢״
ȥ˶ꡣ
ż棬˼˵ֻ϶֣߽ҩ̡
С㣬ҪǼ֪ҩ㿪ģ᲻ἵʵ񡣡
Сʱ򡣡
˼ҩ¶˵С
СҲЩܳС㣬β𣿡
˭˵ҲˣȻᣬϾҵĹ˿ͣôԼĹ˿ȥȥĵطҩˣǽȥҳĬ´һ
ǣС㡣
С䱧ų˼ȥҩ̲ԶĲ¥
һ¥Сæк
ϣԭฮС㣬Сݹ٣֪Щʲôˮ
Сֹһμ˼˼ȴͷһμС
ţ÷Сġ
˼˼
ϣС϶¥ֺż䣬ҪĲˮԺ
Сڼͷëһ˦һ£¥ֺż䣬÷Сġ
СҲ˻ظ
˼а̾ŴҲйŴĺãٺȲҲܽż䣬ִȸȣһİ˼һŵĿռУʱ˵㡣
С䱧ų˼ż䣬ӣżžͱһ¡
ô졣
Сվȥš
ȻȴǺС乧ĳźһ񣬱㾶˳ȥȻЦĽŸϡ
ң
˼õĳźͶȥһۡ
ҡҡͷ˵ûУֻǸպȲ裬ͿС䱧˽
һΡ
˼źһơ
º󣬵СŲˮ˽
˼ķ֣СŵĲСĺ÷вˮСˡ
ûгԷ𣿡
ţȥһ³⣬ûüԡ
ʵش
СͷϺǳźһ˵ż档
˼ʱҲϰķȽڡ
ոԽסС䣬µģС˳ȥ
ΪںʲôСһԼǸСȥ
СнɣñҲ¶˵
һ÷ݵ˳˼ǰ
˼һСڣ㳯⺰һɤӡС䣬أ
ūͽ
Сƿߵǰ֪ūк°ţ
ûСˣҲˡ
٩һС⡰ɳӹдţŮ˹Ȼ֮ơ
ʲôϵ
˼ֺһ÷ֱ͡
˲ɵúЦЦȻйأǴ㽫ҩΪǢص㡣
-

73 ҽ

¡
˼
Ϊ£û緹
밵ɳӻʹеݳżȿϵݣ֪ƻֽ֪ĻЩ
ûʱ䣬ŹѾϡ
̲ҩ̣Ҫҩƣҩ̵鱨ص㡣
˻һ˼ˡ
дɳֱ̫˷ˡ
˼ϵһľ
æݹȥ÷һų˼ļһȰοˣǺӦ֮ߡ
˼µĺ黺˲١
ҵݲܹڣҩฮñ֪ǡ
˼ٺһЦһЦЦúֱ
ʲô
ĭȻѾµ˴𰸣ͨ˼Լ׿˵
͸ǰˣ˵ҩġ
ףɳ֪ˣڻ϶˵߶ʱһΪжд̡
ͬĸֵܣܲ׬ǮͰɱ˰ɣ
˼ŵġ
Цһڵңʲôԡ
˽˳ĬУʵ˼뵽һ취ǾǽҩҩȫߣһտǸˣȻȥĵطٿһҩֻ̣˻鷳ҲΪ˶һ⺮˵Ĵ˷
ãһΪ㣬Ըðա
ǺãԺҩϾˡ
˼С֣ĵǣԺкû׬Ǯˡ
뿪¥ʱǻƻʱ֡
˼ÿȥĬ˵һЩڼҩˣ뺮ڲ¥ֿСԼȥҩ̡
ҩ̺󣬳Ĭոһλߡ
ҩˣĬ˼ˣæŴϡ
˼ĵ˵ͷûۣĬǸ˲š
˼Сº󣬳ĬΪ˵һˮ
Ĭ˵ֻų˼
˼ָָϵһҩ˵ҩʱһҪѹ˿ͣԵķ壬ڷһԵķ嵭ͲҪˡ
Ĭ˵ͷҲóĬʮ
ָպűеĲˮдˡΪΡ֡
˼һҽڽһ¶ʮֵĻ
󣬳˼ΪμҩܶԵԭ˵˳ĬĬֱӳų˼˴Ĵָ
˼ǰ꣬ɵипҪǻ˵Ǹöá
뵽˼ͻȻĬһҪƣһͰѳĬκá
˼С乴˹ָСϰΪĽյ˼ߡ
˼˵ԼСҲһͬĵ˵ͷ
֮Сҩһɴ𿪰װ󣬶˵ͰѳĬ۾
ĬɷǷѽ⣬ܵҡͷ
Сһ³Ĭļ˵СҪΪ۾𶯡
϶˼ҩռеųĬֱӴȥ
Ĭûһſϡ
С㣬ԭҲ۾ֻΪ˷
ǣҿɲ֪ҵܡ
˼һСĬҩռ䡣
˼һ˵СͰճ˼Ҫ󣬿ʼĬ顣
ԼĪʱ󣬳˼ȷĬ˵ԭˡ
С㣬ʲô˺ģȻĬͷȥ˰ء
Ҳ֪ҹǲóĬ˵ʲôɣ
˼һڻеĳĬ⿪ʼͬ
ͷأܷģֻֻ˾ڳݲ塣
ǣĬ˵
С㣬о𣿡
УҿԽȥõ˵ͷһƷպܴΪϾԼͷһųԣ⻹Ҫʺʺããָ˵Ҳֻʱ⡣
С㣬̫ˣͷ˶ܽӡ
СһݵĿų˼
˼εô򵥣ϲųĻڻҪͨѵܰѻ˵𣬲Ȼǿڳݲ塣
С⻰ֱһԼšС㣬ҽһŲѧʡ
ô벻ѧ
˼һϣĿС䡣
С΢΢һ㶣űǷͷС㣬Ҫǻһ֮Ҿܸõķˡ
ѧᣬҾ͸㿪һҩŻ
СԶС㣬Ż
Сᶨȭͷ
˼СĻʮָжԺҪСӺòǣȻ̫ԲСˡ
ţ˼һó˼ʮص鼮
ҽ飬ȿţʲôĵطҡ
-

74 ֪

СӹܳǣС㷭һɻҡҡͷ
С㣬ֶôϲð
˼ȻСǹŴˣŴǺѿֵġ
㲻ÿˣƽͰҴ֣ʱ䳤Ҳʦͨġ
˼ûаսһѧϰ庺֣粻
ҲãūʵͦĿ飬СһӸūô飬ū澶¿ǰأ
С˵ÿˣȻǿĲѡ
󣬳˼ĬСҩռ䣬ĬĬѹ֪ʲô
ֻڤڤмǵãСһ
תһ룬ĬǾСͦƤģҲûٶ롣
˼Сصฮ󣬺Ѿĵˡ
˼ףôˡ
С㣬ȥˣ
ŶղźСȥҩ̣Ŀ԰Ÿˡ
ѹ֡
˵ͷС䣬˼СĻ˹
ų˼ߵһƫƧԺ䣬һͤ˼ͤʯϣԼ˳˼Ķ档
Ѿ֪ҩǱˣɳҲ֪ˡ
ĴǺΣգ
˼˽СֵĵĿ
Ц㻹֪ˡ
˼¶Ŀźһ˼;Լ˵ǷףЩε̾˿˼ʮ꣬˵ĻأǸ
ؼǴЭ飬ǵˡҰģҪ߾ʮǳأԲɳǻӦ³֮󣬻ﱾϵλ
뵱ϣ
˼Ŵͣе޷ܡ
뵱Ҫ
ˣмˣ֪ǵļƻȻ֪Ļǵļı
벻㾹Ȼʲô
Ŀų˼
˼һЦ뺮޻̸Щ֪ҲûбҪš
ҵǽͷݸεϾɳҲʡ͵ĵơ
ǲ£ɳĽӣηηš
гֱͦ˵
˼ľָźŭ˵ðҶá
æԼҪ͸¡
Ů˴ˣŮ˱Ǻ
˼ܵװţԺһƷʱôܽªӸ¶أ
˼ģˣվһɫʱˣҲˣʱ㣬ȥұ
Է𣿡
˼ʾԼˡ
ҡҡͷˣб顣
˵գŶߣֱԾǽʧӰ١
˼ãֱСŽ
С䣬ҹȥʹһˡ
С㣬ȥʹʲô
СһСҪԼȥʹŵСˡ
˼ٴγС乴˹ָС϶䣬˼һСеѸپͱһ֮档
С㣬㽫ɳµǵٸɳͳʸ֮ˡ
ûҪľΪʸ֮ģҪľʧȥϵĳ谮
˼촽ȴһֱڷϵİ
֪Сƻŵæȥ溮
Ϣɫ˲
СҲ̫ˣʹɲңʲôˣҲδر
վȥฮú˵߶һ˼ת⡣
Ǹһͱһ˵ˡ
Сַ죬ܴˣʱܴԼѾһʧǺСһȥʹ¾ãɲõġ
㵹˱Ϊ˰ȫ汾һȥʹСӦ£Ǿȫû£ǽԴϲ
ǣ
º
һС㣬СĿɲС˲ʡţ
ϳ԰˼Сڻ԰ͷɢ
һ࿴ֻýŮǹŹ֡
Ůôпɢѽ
ߵ˼ߣ˼ӵϱ
ǿѽ㲻Ǿ˵ٲ߻ʮŮ볤꣬ԾСһ߲
ԭˣǸѾͷǲ֪ȥѾܾˣͼȥһְֻٰߣƽҲܶչ㣬Ҳиˡ
ҪĻˣ㲻𣿡
˼ЩЩ죬ÿҪȥһ硣
ҲΪʱչˣÿԣ˲١
ô⻰֪һ
-

75 ˳һʾ޿

Ҳ֪ѽĶأ
˼ܿ˿
һģֺ˲١
ǸҪڻˣҶҪһȡ
ۺӼᶨ˵
˼ǷҪԼؼҵ˼Ҳ˵ⷬɢ
ֻʺɢƻɲмˡ
˼һ鷿Щˡ
˼һɫңɱԽĺʱ䡣
С׼𣿡
Сʱ׼š
Сظһӡ
˼סС֣һĹҩռ䡣
˼֮ǰȥʹ벻ԶӦֱӽȥ
˼סںǶʱ䣬ԹȥԶĵطҩռֻܴ۶ǣԶĵطȥˡ
ǣ˼Եһ£ҩռĴͷΧһҡ
ٴ뿪ҩռ䣬˼СѾ˽ǵϡ
Сָ̽μͣ˼ȴڼκ󣬶˵
ִƬҪһ飬εˣϧ˷ǡ
С㣬㡭㵨Ҳ̫ˣǿǻϵѽ
ôˣҲǸӡ
˼Σվȥ
С״һĶʱһ־ӽǵĴ߹
С俴һӰŵæ˼˻
˼Сٶ̫죬Щŵĺһ־æƿǵĴŴȵ˭ڴˣеͶ
أжġ
һ־ץץͷ
־˱˴һֻۣܵǼ˻
־ߺ󣬳˼Сֱȥһĵط
һ뿪ҩռ䣬һЦ㴫Сͳ˼ĶС
ϣˣֵˡ
ɳ˿ڻϵĻΪơ
һ޴ӺСͳ˼ŵҴ˼ֻ͵ӣû˵ѽ
ɳ
Ϻ˲پƣ⡣
˵Ψ˼ٿСٴλص˷ŵĽǵ
С㣬ô죿
Ҳ֪ϰѽӶˣ
ʱһŰźСֽ
˼һ澹Ȼдšǰתʮףǰ׾ҵ֮ء
˼ʶʱС̧ͷͷȥʱպһӰһ
С㣬ǲǱˡ
ǸʶǺҵİ֮һ
˼ַ챳ĺ󣬱㽫ֶֽҩռ䡣
ô˵Ǻ
ꡭ˵Ҫ¶Ҫ
˼СһʧڽǵУǳֵʱʵѾڸĺһ
ⲻʲôˣҲʲô۷

Сѵƽš
С俴ǰƵİɫһ󼤶֮С
ر󣬲ˡ
˼ааһЦקСֱӵźʧ
ѽĿһԵпС𣿡
ܣûп
㡭
׼ɵǣ˵ĶҹѲε־
˭
ãߡ
һ뻤ٳˡ
ʵ˲ֻٰ˶಻£㽫Щ˹֮⣬ֻһ
Ŀǰ״ӦñӦˣС㣬ȫһԽԽãСƤΪԲע⣬˾Ͳˡ
ö౦ѽ
˼պС䵽˲رһ㣬ͱһĽ鱦סˡ
Сһӣ˼æסС½ǵ
ЩҪãֻʮƽ𡣡
˼Ǹԭˣһû׬ҲûµİҲΪʮƽĿɳҪ˵ˡ
ʮƽһʾ޿ʮӣҪ˹̧ĻҪ̧Ϻþãǳ˼һҩռ䣬ֻҪַŵϣֱӴһƽ
Űʱ󣬺ڹſڿͻȻĳ˼С䣬ֱ˵Īŵòᡣ
㿴𣿡
¿ˣֻСֵ̫죬»ûпʲô·书
ġ
һƾͳŻ˹ȥ
һó˼ĳһСֿȥ
С㣬ڿʲôأ
ղû
ûѽĪ־Сǻǿ߰ɣ
СʵڵĲСոտ˳˻ʮƽҪǲؼң޷ˡ
ţߡ
˼СٴʧںҰС
ų˼ʧĵطʼӦ˼ˣǧܾͣŻµġ
-

76 

С㣬ǮҪҪү
˼СصฮС㿪ʼǮ
˼˼Ƭ˵ɣǵĹԹŮ֪˽ĺΪ
С㣬ʲôģүʮġ
СһȰ⣬ȰĲó˼ƽ𽻸үó˼Ҫү⡣
֪ˣʱˣҲطЪŰɣ
ţǺñӣҾͻȥ
Сų˼½ų˼˯º˳䡣
һҹ˼˯ĺ㡣
ڻԵɳûôˣһҹķ꣬Ƥüȥ͸͸ڻߣֻܵɴ۾ݶ
糯ںʹ£һ־ֱá
ϣ¶ˣ
°Żŵġ
ϼ־ԼŰˣҲɵĻ
־һ˵رʧˡ
ʲôô˿Ҳʧԣʲôްѻ˵
Ϸ߿վŭָ־
־ֻ˴ģβΪ
ʮƽʲôҲû١
д޲飬ǰѵ۶޷ҲҪ鵽͵ƽ
ǣϡ
־¡
һʱ䳯֮۷׷ףҲΪʹʧƽһ¶
Σͷ۵̫Ѩ
°ԴŮĵǿ𣬾һֱʧƽŮ޵Ŀǣ
ϣСŮףð˻ϻˡ
붼ͨһǵϡ
ε̾˿޲ǷɧŮ꣬ڸһ޼ƽһԵСˣ
ǣϡ
һѶͷϵĺ䣬뵽ԼŮ飬һֲ
Ϊʲô֪أĿǰ״ʲôҲ֪
֪ѽа˵
°䣬޷ܵʹ͵ԣ
ãҲЩ³ʱ䡣
һ˵΢ܻڻʹ
ţҲôΪţ޲鹬ܹĵط޾Ͳ˸ƽһʧ
һ
ȻŻǵеȵ磬ȴǣѱеطѰӰԼƽ䡣
˳ɣҲˡ
ϷĵĻ˻֣λ󳼶ͷһ
ҪȥǶҪˡ
ܿ죬رʧʮƽ¶ɳĶɳһ´
ɺ𣿼֮ǰʮƽһεʮƽĪڱ
ɳ˺ֿܶܣţԺб㸡ֳ۵
ģɳģ϶Ǹıĳˡ
˭أɳͷ֮ʣϼһ³ֱɳ޹
ɳ˵˵Դ˹޵߾ûһ˳¶޲òɣǲϷˡ
ûдҲûòܹţһͳɳͷ
ɳΪ֤ģ뵽һķ
ϣţֻˡ
ɳ׼һڵӾҪײȥ
ϼ״æɳ
ֻлҲȥɣ޾;ãͷƢã̸ֻģĻѰٻˡ
һɳֱʹ
ϣΪҪ檴乬أ
˵ôý˶乬
̧ɳ򦣬ֻǰŮ˿޶ˣ˰
ʵϲôϲɳɳУͻڣǶɳ
ϡ
ɳɤһǿ޹ǵ̱˻ϵĻ
ŵʮȫĲܹ࣬æϸϸϣȺȵ裬ôš
ţȵȵޣڳ֮˵˰컰ɤеɣܹ˵ˮ
ǳȥ˯ˡ
ɳվŮӣ޹һλ̫࣬⻹Ǻ
ɳ첽ߵߣɴºǷһĨЦ
Ͻӹܹ룬˳㳯ŲܹͶȥһĿ⡣
ǻϺͲܹ֮ܣĳҹϱԸֻܹҪȥӵ޹ܹ͵׼ʮȫ˵ǲˮ˺ʮꡣ
ô
ţĲ費޻ҪɳĻ졣
ǣϡ
ܹӹ˳޹
ɳԼϵĳ档
-

77 

صҺʹʧԵ˳˼˼¶ĿࡰʹʧԸʲôϵѽ
Ȼûϵϻ㣬˻ȥҵŮôɰҲˮߡ
Ĵӵϱ˼
˼Ц绨о¶˺ӣܵӢ¼üˡ
һͷҲ֪˴£ҹֻ˸˼С˻ʹǲȥ͵ƽѵǳ˼͵ġ
ŷһ뵽˼ǹʱûθڡ
Ҫȥѽ
ܼҽһȴԼ߳
Ҫȥǧ𡣡
ҳ˼ʸףʮƽǲõġ
ôʻͻܲʵ˿׷һŮޣǷ͵˻ϵǮᱻ񾭲ֻкԼ˼Ǹ˼͵ϵǮ⡣
ܼûĬĬȥ׼
ʱ˼԰緹չҪС˯һǡ
ɾʱС伱Ҵҵƿķš
С㣬ˡ
Ŷ
δȳ˼´ѾС˹
СȳȥС㻹Ҫ˵
ǣ
С˳ȥŸϡ
˼װһʲôûзӣߵ˵Ҫ𣿡
壬㣬ǻƽǲõġ
ѽ˻ƽɳͻ᳹ʧ裬˷ˣ»ܼѡ
㵹ü򵥣ɳѾػ϶裬ô󾢶ɳװЧʿ졣
ڹԼߣзʲôҲָƵġ
˼õϢ־ŭ
ɳǸŮ
ǳ˼ΨһɳĶۣ֮⣬벻ˡ
ǾɳŮ
ûʳ˼ʲôõĻƽ𣬸оôˣԷҲ˵
ҲŮฮС㡣
˼ᶨĿź
ô˵һСʵǷסǸֻ̫֪ϸڣ˵㣬¡
¡
˼ٺһЦҲûʲô
ҲǸСֻǴڵ̬һˡ
ǱߵѾˡ
ʱһ˳˼ķ䡣
˼ԲƳһǰҵĹ뷿ܱܲ
ûлȥ

˳ȥ󣬺˼ͷ˵Ǳмƻ㻹ýˡ
˵СĬ𣿡
˼²š

ľó˼ԽԽϵˡ
Ҫ֤ǵİȫС
˼Ŀǰ˺е˾СͳĬ
ıҪǶˣҵмˡ
гĿ˼
˼˵ͷ󣬺СȥҩĳĬϡ
˼ȥ֣ʵڲٰСĬŮˣҲֱ¶ΪУҩֻ˺ȫ̼ƻ
ˣȥҩռ䣬˺ͺȫ̸ˡ
ȻСҲ׶
˼βȥȴǱȺС絽ҩ̡
ʱҩ̷ŽգĬѾŶҵΧһ˻˳ĬĲϡ
ڰĳ˼ĿһУٽҩռ䡣
Ǹưͣ⺮ҲǸ֪ưͲ˵Ҳй¶ܡ
˼漸˽̸ĻҲףΪγĬڸ˸ͷ󣬴δȥ
ԭʱǽڹ֤ݺ֤ݵģҪ㲻˵ֻṩ֤ݣôǲܸ㶨ġ
ǡǡĬ˵ҲӦЩ˵θڡ
ˡ
һ
˼ĶһŸ˴򿪣˼˺
λǱ£һͬʡ
Цˡ
ɿ˳ĬĬŵæ㡣
СĬˣɵõĵû¶ɣ
ĬҡҡͷСһҲƽ
ʱһ˲ŽͷϵĶҽ£¶һ
СӶĽƳһߣȻԭ˿˳ۡ
ͬʱҲڴС䡣
ȻһЦǱŮǴɷġ
˵˵ͷű˴˿һۣվмǸ˳
£Ҵϵʺá
˳źǷǷҲ˵Ķźߵݡ
ñȭӭˣκμ˶ԴԭĻǺܾͨ
-

78 յ

ԣҲ᲻ķ̬ȡ
ǾֱԲˡ
һ˴ͳһܺ˫ֵݵ˺С
ܺһ۾
ñɱ˻µȥ֣ϾǱֶУñɱǧǺ⣬һĺӣѵҲǵĹ
˵ܺ޷Сûȥ߳˼
ȻС䲻֪ǣ˼ҩֻڵĿռ䲻ͬҲ˼
˼Ϣе㲻
벻ɳȻĺӶݲ£ɼ˼ж
Ҳ˵ǰ˻ӲǸʮĺӣһð˻Ǻ⣿
˼ţԽԽҡ
˻ǻϵĶӣǹ˼ǣû϶Ӿʱ۱֮绢˽Ի˵ԼĶӶˣܼϣʱλ񲻾˳ˡ
ȻݶֱǸСˡ
ǧأ
˼ǵɳɳǹ谮ŮȻίġ
Щ˵Ļش𣬺Ͳһĵǣһ˾ȻһĺӹⲻȥСˣΪҲС緶
˼ҩУ˿̣¶һĨǳЦɳĴҪٽǡ
ҪӦˣλ۳ͶһˣȵϢƬ̡
ͺˡ
ٴγźһ
ת˳ȥ˱źȻ۵ױĺ⡣
СһֱںȻ֮һ룬ǺϵȴС̲ס
˼ڼߺһصฮ
˼ɱңҺɱǻ֮
˼Լһ裬һߺһߺС˿ûжԷŷη˼
ܿ죬С͸ฮ
СԶ˳䣬Źغá
δȺڣ˼Ѿվɱңɱҵ𣿡
㣬֪ˡ
𾪵Ŀų˼СǸһȻصĺٺ˺ǲฮû˻Ὣ¸߳˼ô֪ġ
˳˼˼ȴΪȻҼҲа˵ʱҼҵİڷţ𣿡
ѹ֡
ų˼ͶȥһĿ⣬Ҳǲģ͵˵ˡ
˺㣬ϾͽɥȪ
ôˣɳǱô죿㲻˵Ҫҵҩ̵ص𣿡
˼һӵʡ
Ц˼Ҷñɱ˻ӸˣɳǾãʰ˭κ˶ñġ
Ǿôˣʰˣʰɳ
˼˴С֣ҩռǽʱúˣһɳֻǵ̸̫ʣû߿
ûʳ˼ôһʰ˼ûʺ˻ķʽȥһĹɣصС
ฮ뿪ʱʱ֣ߺ󣬳˼Сҹʹ顣
СһλʹٽڶεʱȻû˵һεĿ־ͽš
С㣬һҪúýѵɳʡܲ֡
Ȼ
˼һļƻɳĿǰȴҲȥ
ûв͸ǽɳˣһ¶֮ؽһսս죬˺ջ޸֮ϰա
ⲻǳ˼ҪĽļƻɳϴ乬ʧȥ硣
ʱúģɳдţϵĸȥöԷΪÿһ¶ɹˡ
һһˣʲôֶΣǱ֮˳Цʱ̡
ҹ˼Сٴν˻ʹ
˵һεľ飬˼Իʹһ˽⣬ĵطҲ˵˵һ˵ʹĲرǿǳ˼Ըĵط
С㣬㲻Ҫ˳ϵĻƽɣ
Се㺦ˣΪС˳ǮƾǻӽһҲꡣ
㿴ʲô
˼СһһյС
СԾĿյⲻСյ𣿾˵ⶫһȭͷСֵǧأ
ţյȷʵ󣬹ĺôԼɳ
С㣬ʲôʱյū澶֪أ
˼˹С죬ѽǳС䲻עʱȥ˳ġ
֪͵ǲԵģ͵ĶһҲǴһˡ
-

79 ˹

׻˵ĺã߲СڣΪ
˵˾ǲֵʲôǮֻ˲Ķ췽ԲۣʹΪֻ
С㣬С䲻ףһյܺɳ
⻹򵥣뿴յĲڲرյǲǴ˲رľˣʱϾĲɳҲŮˣ˵ˣױϣȴԼҵ͵˻ȥ˵ϻʲôӦ
С㡣
С̲סų˼˴Ĵָ
˼ٺһЦ㽫յӵ˲رһſڡ
һк󣬳˼Сֱӻصฮ
һ磬ҳ˼
˼𴲣ϴ˯⣬۾Ҳֻ˰
һϢ䵴Ȼ޴档
˼Ϣôġ
ȥǸҽֻˣɱԽڣѧ͵һıңССͱ㴩ڹ֮͢С
ôˡ
˼һĲãߵĻҲû˵ˡ
û£Ϳҵӳϻô˵ˡ
˵գ˼һǷĿ㻹û緹ɣһ硣
ҲãδҳԹأ
˼һ緹
ʱ˿̣ʹڷһǰеıʡ
۹£һ־ʧĳǵϡ
⼸һ־ͷˣÿ궼ҪķѾЩ־ЩǮס
ôˣ
ϲͷĿ־
ػϣְڲرһյ
Ȼյ
һʱıյĲҪǳڻʹĲر󣬾ֻһֿܣûǮƵıȻ֮ˡ
ޣӲĶرλô
ϣ΢ΪòرƽĶˡ
һǰԡ
Ҳ䣬󡰻ϣ΢߼޻ˣĿս˾ϲ⣬˼
λ˵Ķе֪ôġ
ϳų֮ȥ
λǼһߵȫ࿿롰΢˵ļе
ϲӶҪǶ˶϶һ¶ôˣڴ󳼵бһλʾ
ϳ˼Ƭ̣Ȼ뵽ɳپڵѪӿ
ȥްɳ
ϣɳĹرʧһ¶ԸѲϵ
ʱһЩ󳼿ʼìͷ׼ɳ
ƺԤϵˣʡôѽ
ɳѺΡ
಻֪ĸԣ˵ôһ仰
Ļ˳ǣֻ༫Ϊɷ羰ɳôҲһޣйҲܽ˹ؽѽ
ϣ΢ΪӦýɳݽˣԺᡣ
ǰһ顣
ֻաǾ֮ԡ
ϣԩѽûĻƽûС
ʱɳĲҽ㴫ǵϡ
ֻɳɢͷ˾͸һܵǵ
Ƿ׷׺ˣҿɳ
ͷ۵̫ѨȰ·޴ˣ㿴ɺͳ
ɳ˻ϵѣæ·ԭλá
ϣɳǱԩģ
ɳ˿
ϷĽֲɱ㣬ֻǽ㽵ˣٻָĹݡ
˵ţϻɳüŪۡ
ɳ㷴ӦˣЦϣּ
ˣ˳
ϼ鴦Ĳˣһ䣬һڹ˵Ļ»صԼ޵
ɳʼնվڽǵϣĬĬؿǿյΡ
˭òҪ֪һ㲻ú
ɳаģҪǸ֪֮ˣҪԷʹĴۡ
صң쳯ϷһһʮĽ˳˼
ڳҲ˿ܻ䣬˵ɳ֮ҡ
ɳĻ˹ˣӦô乬𣿡
˼ɳĽܲ⡣
ۺЦŮ֪˾͸լԺͨѾûʲôֻǽ˻ʹֱˣ˹ˡ
ǵ˼˵˱ȴ乬ң
ǰ룬Щ챻󹬵Ǻ֮ȥģҪĸ˶ûϳ谮ָ׼ͼڶ̫ˡ
Ļ˼ȴ֪˵ʲôá
ĹŴӾϷŵĻһġ
˼ΪĿԵĺεҡҡͷСѾͷļǺɳ
-

80 

ڽļ˼ҩţÿһţһĴı
ڳ֮ϰԼˡ
˼õ˺뺮һӦ֮ߡ
ô죿
ΪϷһ㣬ֻҸ־ˣʱǹһ취ɳϵɳ֪ͷԼ˵ʱ򣬶ҵˡ
գԡ
˼ӣһѳԡ
ȴװѵ˿û˵أɳҪ˶ñ̽˻ǷϢΪɳΪ棬⼸쾡Ҫš
Ŷ֪ˡ
˼˱죬ĵǣɳ湻ġ
ȴ뿴ɳĴˣǹʮֱңƽˡ
Ӻ뿪˼Сֱӽ˻ʹ
С㣬ū澣Ҹ˴һ¹Ƕס
С佫˼ŵһô棬ԼװŮߵһ־Ľǰʵū澲Žãλүһ£Ƕסĸط
Ŷԭ̷˵ѾߣǶסڳ͹߶ףٴһ԰͵ˡ
־֪С󣬱˵㼱Ҵҵ߿ˡ
Сۻ˼С㣬㶨ˡ
˼ɵþСǰ˼СһʮֵСѾߣС䵨ӲСˣҲôˡ
С˼־ķλɹ˳͹
͹⣬˿˴µƯŮӣվţҪѧϰĳ赸
Сų˼㵽һӺ桰С㣬㿴ɳڵڶվš
ţҲˡ
˼˵һһЩֻĳ뾹ѧ衣
ӽ쿪ʼҪѧϰ裬ϲ裬ѧõģֻܽЩȥֻˡ
վŵɳ֪һ类ֻֽΪѧ裬ͷǿʯͷˡ
裬óˡ
֪ѧ裬дܸĹһϦ֮Ϊ˵ˣֻǣҽ̸ǵ赸ɲȡûϵģΪ׼ġ
ʲôҲʲô˼
ɳ飬ǰɻĿԼֻԶ֡
Ƴһɳ赸𣿡
ָղŻ˵ϲأź϶ʱɴδ裿
ɳһһٵķʵ
ָղŻɳһԣѡˣֻɳֱǸ˹
ͻϵ裬˵ϲ𣿻Ҫϲ𣿺ˣøϻ
תվڳ͹ſڵѾ֡
ѾһǩͲֽɵͷ֣ĵ˵ͷ꣬ͷʮֲϲ
ǰ˵ţվһԵĹ˵
ͷͮͮģһ˫էһΪǸͷ
ڹ˶ɨһۣͣɳϡ
Ҽͷˡ
ʲôͷ
ɳȫסˡ
۾ĵɳģҪǲԸ⣬ȥɴֻɣ
Ը⡣
ɳҧأۣɽ𣬶ҪָʹĴۡ
ڰСͳ˼һЦɳĻңͻȻ䣬˼е뿴ɳڴϳܵˡ
С䣬һû˵¶֪𣿡
С㣬Ǽ˼˳ʵȫȡĵĴ͢ͷк̲ܶĴΪȵ۶µĹرҪȥ
С佫Լ֪һһʮĸ˳˼
˼ףⴺᣬ͸һ
㣬ͷٹͷסˣͷʱǧܵ͹ͷǶԴĲأǻܵͷġ
ʱָɳʩ
СͷϷҪʼˣæԼС㿴Ϸ
ɳһʼãٸֽĵͷɣǵ˰ʱ󣬾;¶ûô򵥡
֣ҿϢһ̫ˡ
ͷ󺹵Ŀ֡
ֻǽͶ˱𴦡۲ۡ
ۡ
ͬ
һĻɳʵû뵽һ죬ΪЩȫԼгһ
ûУ˶ۣƾʲôۣž٣ҪǾٲ粻Է
ֵĴ˷׼ŭɳɳߺ޵̧ͷŭ֡󵨣ҿĹҵֻʱģعλã㡣
-

81 ݮ

ϣõ֪Ĺ˻Ѿûˡ
Ҫ˵ȴһԵѾ߳˳½ǡ
ʶʲôæ˸⡰ʱǾܳ緹ˡ
˵գֱ˳͹ЩŲ֪Ƶ赸
ɳĲɣ˵Ǿ䣬Ѿܾû͹ʲô˼
С㣬ǻǻȥɣ
˼ҲֵǾ仰óȵͷ󺹵СŰЩʡ
ţҲˡ
˼С֣˱ͨҩռֱӻصฮ
һߣ˽־ʱͳɹ¶
ҹʱ֣ɳΪŪǿͷ۵Ļʹ˯ţϳ͹Ĵ޹ûȣ˯ȫޡ

ʱһصɳ
е񣬽
·͵͵ĳ˳͹
ɳ֪ǣİעɳһһ
ɳߵһû棬ĵص㣬ֻҪţ⻱ҵ
ȻڻĺɳһֻɫһֻѻȴҪѻһЩżͣ˿̣Ŀ׺ݵĵɳ
ߣֻҪǿ㻹ãֱӰ㿾ˡ
˵⣬ɳס˶ӣԴ͹˯ҲԲá
ǰɽ亣ζˣһ˰࣬Լ겻壬·һ綼ܸԼηƵģ֮˫ŷȫġ
ɳ߰ϵͲѸٷˡ
ɳһЦ
˵˼˻ʻһ˵
˿̣˾ڳ͹ļɽ
ɳպţǸ˱㽫յ
ܿ죬ɳ㵽˳͹ļɽ棬վһˣǱɳġ
תʿ¹ߵݣ˲ء
İɳⷬЦȴֲЦ
תϥء²μ
̫ˡ
۴ǰˣʿǿ׳ǰһԭ˵̬
Ҳǿһ¡
ΪԼһˣû¡
㲻˰ɣ
ɳ˼ãܸо⡣
˵ʲô
Ҳ˿˵һͨǻԲɳɻ
ɳһɣȻҵģ취صû϶衣
ΪպĴһᣬʱڻϷ赸֣ǻҲƲ۾
㻹˵Ҷһͷұ㶥赸ôɲ˵ġ
ɳţȵһҪ赸ϡ
ˣҴ̽һฮСԼ˻ǷˣҴⳤ͹ʲôҲˡ
ǣȥ졣
һʧԭء
ߺɳ˳˼ǰʹõĹҲġ
ͨԭֻ˵ѵǴСԭһġ
ûɻɳص˷ЪϢ
ӳ͹ֱȥ˺ҲﲻסЦˡ
һϣɳмˡ
ţסǧˣԭһսɳĴⳡսҲ˵
ǣ
㱨ϱ˳˷䡣
ûһ˵İ˺ķ䡣
վŰǡô˳
溮ɳǼ̫ˣʹǺǸһ뺮𷣡
ˣȥ¶а취
һˡ
ȥһ뵽ıǳ˼֪ΪΣԷֻһСȴΪ˼һзӴǸߵİ
һ磬ȥฮ
˼ո𴲣ͿŷŴĿ
ôˣ
ôӭ𣿡
ǵǡ
С˼ЬӺ󣬳˼ı߳˷䡣
һ·ڳ˼Ҳ֪СѾͷҪ
˼һȣߵһƬ԰
Ϊ˼Ǵͻģû뵽˼ȴһŹľУһ򣬾ʹժһѺɫĹʵ
ʲô
ų˼˫ѾȾɫСʵ
ݮɺóˣ㳢
ݮ
ʲôˮûԹֻǽͷһ˵ϻнݮˮ
ɻ󣬺һݮͽ
ᡭ
Ŀһֳĸо
˼ȴһЦ㻹Ǳһûģ϶
-

82 ֽƬ

ٸһų
Ϊ˼һСӣ˼ƽճԵЩ죬塣
˼ΪһݮŵԷУСķŽ͸ݮζһ
Žݮڶڻᣬ
ţֽݮˮģʺиԡ
˭㽲иϲˣ޷иθڲãԵ㿪θģԲûйϵ˵СҲϲĶ㳣ʶ
˼ʮֱĲҽϲ¾ˡ
˼˵˸û뵽˼
󣬺ɳ¶˳˼˼롰ɳΣ֮УǰԻ
˼ñȥ˰ɱɳ𣿡
ü˼ΪСӵ˼άʱ˼һת˵Ӧö㻹ãҵ˼ǣɳôʲôҲҲܰԼ
˼뵽ڳ͹ɳͷģЦţɳԸǲġ
̫˼ĻЩ
˼ЦЦ˵㲻ŮˣٴЩͶˡ
С֣곤ʮ꣬㲻꣬ǿЦ
ûбҪˣһ˦ӴŸߵ뿪ฮ
˼źԶȥӰߡ治֪˭СأɡС
С㣬ôˣ
ʱСŴӳõߵ˳˼ߡ
˼ͷ˿Լ߬ϵݮ̧ۿ˿С䡰ţֵݮˣҪһ
СͷһؼɫĹʵ̿ˮɳ˼ιһŵ
Сһͷóԡ
ϲУˣ³ȥ԰ժ㣬ҵ˵ȥǶˣԵݮкôġ
˼ʣݮһСǵͷ̿ˮġ
˼ͦãһݮģȴһϲݮС䡣
緹˵ҵķɣ
˼СõЩġ
СӦһߵ˳˼ǰ档
Թ緹˼ֿʼ쵽ˣȴѹղҪš
ǣɳǹˣô֪û˵˺Ѿչɳ˻Լİڰȫأ
С䣬ȥְɣ
õġ
СĻϲҲȥԵĻ
γ˼СȥʲôҲûͬǣฮİԼİڰбų˼
˵ʶ˼ģһ˼æԼҵȥ
С㣬㿴ǼǺ«ˣһɣ
Ǻ«ʲôóԵģǼҵţɡ
С䱧ų˼ûϼͱȥʱ˵СΧ
Ҷ֪λǧ£ʱӶҡ
˼ʱûȤСˣСʲôҲԣСߡ
ǣС㡣
СҲҲһͨôģȥСڵһμ棬ųôһΣЩ˾ͶԴϣСʼʩĴ
СǼС䱧ų˼ˣЩʧȴҲСƢеΣֻһӣô
С㣬ǻฮǡ
۶ʲôĵط
˼С伴ѿڵĻ
С룬㽫ָǰӡӵľͷһҶķŮӵĻƽֻܴڹ뷿УȥķˣϾҲŮӽȥ
˵ţСָֽһ¥ֻǾ¥ŵƽʣ첼Ĵɼ
С䱾Ǿ¥ȴһһ졣
˼ʲôطˣЦſС˵޷˵˵ʲôС
ֻоŮӵ˶ͦġ
˭˵ģԼϵģͿôˡ
˼ϲ˱ŮӣǸʱüŮӢ۱ȱȽǣһǻԼӡ
С㣬ҷ˵ԽԽүˡ
С˼ĻҲûó˼ͣΪֻһѾߣЩ鲻ܹġ
˼Ҳ֪ûʲôȥĵطˣС䱧Լȥ
ʱһ˼Ը˹
ⲻСģ˻˱ѽ
Ǳ׶һֱг˼ࡣ
أƵ˾Զˡ
ԭǼС㣬ͦɡ
˼̲ס˳ǣֻоǰվŵŮ޹ȥ޵ӣеֽƬˡ
-

83 ҥ

ÿҼҴСҪȥҩˡ
϶һʼ˼
С϶ôԼС˵Ҳǲ˵ֵõһѾ߲𣿡
Ѿߡ˵Сѽ㱧С㣬ÿ̰ڵģѵ㲻Ѿߡ
϶סӱֳһʮֿŵ
˼൱Ȼʲô˾ʲôѾߡ
˼˳С½ǣСıų˼˵һߡ
ڼ϶߹ߵʱ򣬳˼̲סС䣬Сǲˣĸ˾֢Ƶģݵĺˣ
ǰļ㲽һ٣ûΪ˼˵һе
תߵСߣһ˫Ц۾С仳ĳ˼
𣿡
˼˵ͷҡҡͷ
㲻˼ʲô˼Щͷҡͷʲô˼
Сʵڿȥˣ˵С㣬֮ǰҼСʱѾˣڱϴλݣֻټȥ˼ҲẦ¡
϶˵ڵӺÿ𣿡
㿪ʼҡȷŤͷ϶
϶춼һ𣬲ܼʲôӣС㻹ԭӡ
͸еĲһһʲôҲֲˡ
ǣ˼С䲻һǲÿ춼ܿ㣬첻ͻһӣ˲⣬ʲô
϶˵ͷ˵С㣬ܺÿûκ⡣
Ǿ⣬ʱСǲǺĽѽߡ
һ۳˼С϶󲽳ҩķȥ
ʧβ󣬳˼ʼ
С䣬ҪǼʲô⣬ҵҩǲǸҪǣѽ
ǵȻˣ۶ͳ̨أǻ߽ҩҩ⣬һ壬ҩ̱Ŵ󼪡
Уҵȥҩһˣмҩ
˼ŵĿС䡣
Сתһ룬ҲС⡣
ߣֱǸɵӣԼɵҪСĲ·
С䣬ɲɵɵѾߡ
˼С䱧Լȥҩ̵·ϣС佲֪ʶȻǰ׻˵СҲˡ
С㣬˼Ǳ˵ȱԼҪ˲һѪס

˼ԼԽԽ벻Сˡ
ƽʱԼ˵Լ֣бСһԽá
ʱ˼С͵ҩ̡
ʱ򣬼϶˵Цߣһνҩ̣һֱ˵ϡ
С̲ס٩ɣԼݣѾ⣡
Сס죬ֻǲСˤġ
̧ͷС䣬ȴȻǳ˼ѾС䣬˼Ҳڳ
ôҵˣ
һ𾪵ıҩҵġ
˼ͷҩڵ۶ֲܳҿģΪʲô
㻹˵ʲôѶĳĬߵ˼˵м䡣
ĬŤͷ㣬æվ϶һųĬ˹ܱǸ϶ߡ
˻߳ҩ̣˼ֻﲻԾȴ˵ﲻԾ
Ĭҽϵļҩȫҩˡ
˼ĿĬ
Ĭ㶣Ѹֽд¡ҩܵ۶СϲǲˣʧܶǮġ
˼֪ĬǣⲻǮ⣬ɵӡ
Σ˼ֻý߳Ĭ
˵Ҳ֣֮ǰ˼Ѿ߹Ĭҩʹ÷Լ׶ˣΪʲôĬȻҩ㡣
תһ룬˼ֻǳĬƽսæֻ˵Ļ
Ĭûдֻ֣ǵ˵ͷ㿪ʼҩӻϳ롣
Сϵĵ½ӻϳҩ֮С˼뿪ҩ̡
˵һƫƧĵط˼ҩͽҩռ䣬С´·
С㣬ôҩôࣿ
ţݵ̫˰ɣ
˼ɹĬֻⷽ롣
һһ͵о类ڰ˼İһ
ǰкİӦţฮİľͲǺڣֻǽײһ书ϲฮѹ֪󻹸źİ
ฮǱߵİͷһؼǼСܽһû־ֿ֡
ǻȥүɣ
ฮ໥š
ȴֱӽ˵ĲϡԸСһжҪҥǸǵΨһǱСİȫ²Ҫ죬СҪ鷳λǾֱץȥ
-

84 ס

СŮѵǲӦø㱨йСһ𣿡
ʮɻǲԼʲô
ٴ󣬵ġ
İ˻һΪʲôǵ书纮İˣǲ
λȨأİȻǸ书ߣȻҲС׹ݱԵˡ
˵ͷȥμбǵС㡣
ںһȥ뺮㱨һһԼĸλ
ЩʱɳһУ̧ۿ˿⣬˿ҹʰʱţѵǡ
ɳ˷ܵܵǰܼĵطĳɳһ
˻С
˻棡
ɳЩĿŰ
֣صĵ˵ͷɳڿһˣһӦʵˣȻŮ߸ԭһ̣˸ˡ
ɳ밵󣬻ص͹㿪ʼŴΡ
ⲻ֪˻ϲ˳ҹϱĲŵǣڶ
´һϳ㴳޵޹췴𣿡
ϣ췴֮⣬ϰɣԻ֮λȤһ¶ϱ
̵˵ɳ飬Щɳż
ϿȻŭҪϴɳ
ô¶㾹ȻڲŸޣǸŮ֮ǰÿͬɱ޵ĻֹǧǲǾе
ȻмǺ̬ȴĲ
ǰϷһ飬ɳ;Ͻˡ
Ͼһ룬ȴɳսսɳõ
ţ¶Ĳǡֻ޵İ˻ʶװסԼĸۡܲܰӵʹͷɣ
ϣǧʵģԽ˻͵ฮⳡϷҪݣҪһݡ
أ
˭Ҫˣ˭ϸ
һתûǺ󼹷
˵ĲɳĿĲ볯д󳼽ˣٽй¶ɳǾֻһֿܡ
ˣ㲻ܴﵽĿģҲܾĴ֣ǳɹҲûϳ׷ģܹ֤ĳ֮û͸
ߺ󣬻˳˼
˼ȴǺˣſյķ̾Ǹɶõ˲ţҲ޸ʺϵϣֻа˸ӣֻ˽һˡ
պ󣬰˻ӸߵסฮñӣϯȫѾһԷ
Ψг˼С侲ĵڽԹͬüİ˻ӡ
˻Ͽģʵʹ֡
ףǸʰ˸СɵһӣȴڲǰװҲ˵û֪֮ͨǰҪһֱסฮһܳȥ
Ŀ󣬰˻ӽ˳˼СǱߡ
ǧңӦò̫ģ
ţ˻ӱһߵ˼ߡ
С㣬Ӧҧòóԡ
ԡ
˼ǿĽͷŤһߡ
ҪҲ˻ӵǺȫ̼ƻңû
ôӵҲҿǻӣҶҪߵݣ
˻ˣСǵӣ׶Լֱơ
˼ҲתͷŰ˻ӵֿȥ
ָ࣬С㲻ӡ
˼ڹȥǸҽЩָףָ׷ֻһ̬ȣǱĮ
˻ӵͷһָ׷ȷʵ࣬ȴǲָ£Ǹһͷѧ䵼µģÿ϶ֿ϶ЩеСһɸɾ˵ֲֻŵĻӡ
Ծˡ
˻Ӿӵų˼Լ
˼ͷã˻ʵǸɰСԺҲûԼʱˡ
緹󣬰˻ӱలŵǰԺס˼סںԺǰԺһĻȡ
Ϊ֮꣬˼Сժ˲ݮԼ˻ȥ
ǵ˰˻ӵķ䣬˻ڿ顣
˼ֻİ˻ӣƽİ˻Щ̫һ
-

85 ʥ

ڿʲô顭
˼˰˻ӵĶ
˻͵ؽϣ첲档
˼һѣ
ڿʮơ
Ŷ
˼˵ͷСʹ˸ɫ
С˹ȥϴɾݮŵ˻ӵǰ˻ӣǸժݮɺóˡ
ݮʲôҿɴûмֶ
˻ɫСʲôĸطˮʱСٴӰ˻̧ĸ첲óǱ䱦顣
С㣬õˡ
ǡ
˻Ӳվʱһжˡ
˼飬ģķ˿Ŷԭի־졣
ңҵġ
͸㣬Щɹ־ʲôÿģһЩ翵Ķˡ
˼һ˦ֱ鶪˰˻ӵĻ
˻Ӳĵ˼㶮ʲôĸҵġ
ĸ󡭡
˼˻ˮ뵣뵽һ¶
ԴǴδʺҲҲ֮ʺ
ĸأ
˼ΪԼͻ˵һʮ꺢ӵģԴ󵨵ʵ
˻ҵ߶󣬰Ӹ˼ԼҲ˳˼Ķ档
ĸǻʺǰޣ˳ĻʺֻĸĸҽĸΪ˴ͨһҪռԭ
Ҹһŭ֮£λ󳼻ҵļͬĸĸǣĸĸһټĸ֪ˣһͷײ˽Ǵ
˵꣬˻ӵҲƲס
˼ͦͬ˻ӵģʱİο¶ĸûйϵĸ̫嶯ˡ
йϵĸǰἰ£˵ĸߵĽֻĸĸҸṩĴƽں·ʽȫƵĸϣĸѡԾҪǵĸ̬ټᶨһЩÿڸʵĶ߶߶Ҳᷢ顣
˰˻ӵⷬ˼СһֻۣȫЦ
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ô㽲ɣϲǮϲ˶ιзղŵ԰¡
˼һ˵鼮˸ͬʱУֲˣ˾öԷڿ
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ʡϣ꣡
˼ѧųд󳼵Ӹһ
˺ͻȻЦˡǶɣΪϣȴ²סڿڣǷ˵޳ϣֻǰǻ޲νӰȡ֮е޵ÿһǮڱ߷ϣδľʲôνƫ˲ƵһҲû
˼վһúбҪ˵϶Լƫ
ʾȻΪ϶ɱͷˡ
-

86 

СѾͷ죬
ضԳ˼ĿǹȥôǣеϲСˡ
ˣҲͻȻϮһ˻ӡ
Ŀģ˼һ޷һฮúÿĶӡ
ϲûฮය˵˼׻عˡ
һߣĴһߵ˼ߣ˼ӵϱ
ѾͷѽԺɱٷˣλϿģѱ´βģ
һοѵһҪԵڶ𣿡
˼ҲµҪ֪ͲҰ˻ˡ
һδȥĺǳų˼ҡҡͷ࣬Сף˵ʲô治ĻҲôġ
Цˡ
ǿǼһ˿Цݡ
ô˵ɱϾ˭Ҳûϣȵ鲻õʱŮǰ㣬ǲһƤҲ밲Ȼ¶
ʱ򣬺ฮų˼˻һ壬ڼ亮̸պĴᡣ
С㣬᱾Ȱ㲻Ҫȥ
Ϊʲôѽ
˼ĳźһۣԽֵĵطҪȥѵڼȳĢ
µĲǳ˼˷лţֻ֪֮ɳػλϢ
ϾⳡϷ룬Լ͢Ĵ󳼰۶İȫ˽ڼƻûд֮ǰ˭ἰСԼϵİ˻ӣҪᣬֻ˵
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С㣬㲻𣿡
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СᶨĿԼС㣬֮Сȥȥ
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ֻǺܶ󳼶ڿ࣬Ϊһӣ滹װɫСԲҲ֪ʲô
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¶æǰʵ
˹ˮݮûԹɣ
ݮһ㳢
׼ȥץݮ
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š
üëΪĿࡣ
ᣬæĿڵŶСŮǰֵݮݮ˲˹ˮǳóԣЦɡ

һŷŽһĵ˵ͷ
еᣬζҲģֵǳһ
ϰ˰֣Ǳףϲġ
ˣֻܽϡеˮЩͬˡ
ܿ죬һӵݮͱĴǳһ⡣
൹ͦһڣߵߣҸ㡣
ûˣˮͳСһ˹ȫժˡ
ŶҼùԼ֡
ੲݡ
ۣǿ˼˿ŵ
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ѽ˽ѽ
ҿ˿ѹɤ˵ôˣͻȻ֮ôϷ۶Ļ̻̣ڴ˵
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θŵ޲ڸطȥ
С˵ˡ
ûеõֻ뿪
ʱܹ˳λܸл峿ڴˣ̫ƽʢҪлϣлΪܳ׵ˣҪлϲԭ
˵գ̨һƬ֮ıһдͷѵĹˡ
ǴŨױĨΨȺеɳһѩ
׼ȾƣӵɳЩ̲ס࿴˼ۡ
ܹˣչѵһԴΪء
֪ˣȸҲʡġ
صķ¾Ʊ
һ죬Ѹһζ飬ʼɳΪŲ֪Ƶ赸
ֻɳȴԵмͻأһͷˮڳĴһҼ
С㣬ɳѽ
һôۿС˼۲ݡ
˼˵ͷȷʵֻı̫ƽ
-

87 ٵǺλ

СһҲã뿴ɳЦأɳıȴȫĿĽ㡣
ʱͻȻɪɳֱӵϵͷľ赸
СɳǲǷˡ
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˼һֲõĸоһֱ˵ʲôо
úúáɳʵ̫ˡ
ϴδ˾ʵ赸վȺΪɳơ
һĻȴǵôŭΪŭ
ߵϸǰͨһ򡰻ϣɳֱ죬ǴᣬȻô׵赸ǶԻĲѽ
ְôϲɳ裬̸ֺѽһͰɣ
ϡ
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ͻȻŭŭֱ㳡ŵڳĹȫͣ赸
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λɱĳЩ۵ɨˡ
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࣬ݵĲ
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۷׷ףȴЩԵĿһɳˣԴʧȥ˰˻ʶÿ˼㣬ҲΨ޵ߣ޿ġ
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Сҧû취СҪߣֻܸš
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ҡ
˻ӽվ⣬е

˼ɻĵǣ˻ָ׼֪һЩ顣
˻Ŷ룬˼һԲʣôˣ˭ˣң㱨𣡡
Ǹɳҡһ˻ʺ󡣡
ʡ𣿡
˻𾪵һָֻܿƽ
˼ˣߵ˻ʵǲʲô¶ң
ûУûС
˻ӴӦܽ˵˼
˼ʲôˣһ򣬳˼ͳɹ˿˰˻ӵ졣
˼֪ƻ󣬲ɵЦˡԽˤԽҶǣϷ¶Ҳ٣»ıɳȥĻ꣬ʱδؾ˼ˡ
˵еҸԸŸʵΪˣġ
˻Ӷڳ˼һЩѧˣǲᵱų˼淢ġ
˼˳ǣڶһŮϷɵˣЩǶûгӣɳ˾Ӧÿ쵶ն飬ǣȻɳ
˼벻ףȥһ˺
-

88 һ֮

ȥ˺ҲŽ
ӹͷĺɫĺá
˼ûС䱧ԼСӣܵܵ˺ߡ
ƭӣƭң
С㣬ɳԭĿľǵϻʺȻԼΪ¶ȻѾ˵ˣҪҩ̵ص㣬Ҫ¸ҵ³ȥֻнɳĵλ̧ߵ㣬ĹŻţҲ֪ʵĿġ
̵Ľһ󣬳˼һе㲻پ
һˣʧصĻԭ
˼֪Ѿ޷ִ£㽫˵룬ֻҪԸⳢԡ
ңзִ硣
ᶨĿ˼
˼ε̾˿ֻˡ
˿̵ϻʺɳһ¶ȥǸԼͷ֡
ֻڳ͹Ȳ裬߸һѾźţжˡ
ʱһɤ쳹͹
ʺݵ
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ɳѾһ־˵Ļ߽˳͹ʱɳŴۣ·һֻɫķˣ°ڶǶűʯһ·ⳤ͹ĹĽѡ
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ͨһμʺ
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89 

ʺд̿Ǳ빬УҪв鿴һ
ʱɳæڵϣΪݵĸ棬ʺֱӽѾϵѪĨԼ·ϡ
洫춯Ϊ׵־üֱƿѺ͹Ĵš
ʺû¶ɣ
־Ϊʺˮ֣æɳӵϷ
ɳ۾Ŀ־Ǵ̿͵֪ˣӶ¥Ĵˣǿȥ׷ùܱ
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Ϊ׵־һȥ̫ҽ֮־˳Ѻ͹
־һߣɳһ
ֻǱŵˣ޴󰭡
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ֽɳӵϷɳ뵽һˣǸ˵ˣܺãϾ޻ء
ʱѺ͹̿͵㴫˻ϵĶ
æɳѺ͹еѾʬѾˣѪζûֹסķθ
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ϣղſˡ
ɳѾһɫѣĵǰƴСֿ
̿ˮĵɳǸ˶ɳһֱˣʺҲûʲôõġ
ϵǿĿʼҡɳȴ־ᶨȻԭ˶ˣҲԴС
ҹ˾ʱɳߵĻ˯Ȼȥ˳͹档
ǸɳʱɳڼǰǲȻ¶һĨǳЦ
˽еĶ̽ߵǰ
Ҹ𣿡
ǵġ
˫ֳż
ɲǼ䣬ɳͳ̽ٵĳŰĿڴȥ
ƺһŵĿɳ㡭ôᡭ
֪ˣ㻹װʲôȥҺѾԭ˵ļıǱû湻ǵʱ򶼵øۡ
˵ţɳֽеĶ̽ת˼£ǰˡ
һϵһκҲ֪ȥĸǷ񻹻š
ڶ죬ɳһ־·İϣӦôʬ󣬱糯Ļһ˽Ǵ
£һ־ҴҵĳϣְץǸ̿ͣѱְƷ
ܺãܹȥǸ̿ͣȷû
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ܹһ۹ڵϵ־˵߰ɣӼһȥȷһ¡
־ͷǣʵȴֿ˻û뵽ԭĻϾ˵ޱⶼţǻùøǵĹ
ܹߺ󲻾ֻˣϵ֪̿˵ʱ򣬲ɵö࿴һɳ
ѵɳѾ۷ĵһĸµĻʺ
ǻţҪɱɳֻһֿܣǱɳû˺飬ӶǵĹ˺
ɳϿЩȻˣЦϣǶų檿
ʺѽ⼸տ㣬һһԵŰɣ
лϡ
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һº󣬳˼ӭգ౾һЩдΪԼıŮףգҲЩ˷һѪ۶Ļ̵̻ģڹؼʱҲֻ֣˺
ʱ򻹴һӣ˼Ӷɳˡ
С쵥£Ȳܵߡ㶼ҴʲôھҪ
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˵ţ㳯еĻʹһɫӡ
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⡭ô
༤Ķ֪˵ʲôá
˼ĵ˵ͷҵ͵ﶼ⡣
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СŮֻǹһգ˷ǲе㡭
ˣ⻰ͲˣС㽫ǱգܿףһƽԺСÿ곤һ꣬ԭĻϼһƽ͸ֱǣֱӽȢ
ҵŮãˣҲܺˡ
౻һɵݺ
˼ƲƲ죬׸жһƽҩռҪжٻƽжٻƽ
ѹͲȱǮòã
һӻһ׼ܼ꣬˷ܵܽ˵үүˣΪһϱλΪ˸Сףյġ
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90 ˹С

Ǹԩ˼ҽ첻ġ
Ϊ˸ҹղŻģҪ磬ҾͲˡ
˵ҵıŮôܲأֻ˲Ųա
ү˵ʲô֪𣿡
·˵վԼס͡
ŷӦĿ˺ü죬ôԼŮأ
Ҳԣ硣
˼סСӣѰ
ΣֻЭܷʲô¶ûŮҪ
ող˵ǻСӸҴһϱļǧѽ
ۺĿܼҡ
ܼ˼ܹһ١
ǸѾߡ
ֱ֡
һҪ
˼֪ίˣȥ
ҲˣԱɣ
˵ձתܳ
ֱɵۣ·˵һ࣬æڳ˼׷˳ȥ
ɵȳ·˿Ҫ׷ϳ˼ʱ򣬳˼һȣ˾Ͳˡ
⺢ӣССģܵĵͦ졣
·Щòͣ
ʱС׷˹
·˿С͸һҵŮƽʱദʱ࣬һ֪ȥˣȥ
֪ģˡ
ССһԼķ䣬㳯Сķȥ
Сƿŵһ̣ȴûп˼Ӱ
С䲻ɵûˡСȥأ
ţһֻСִһСȹڣС͵תȴСŸȣŴѳԵĲֺ
Ҫ𣿡
˼󷽵ĳСգգ۾
СҡҡͷС㣬ȥԷɣﶼڵ!
ҲŲҪȥأȥҲǰ죬粻ȥˣҵ϶Ҳˡ
ʵⶼǳ˼õģ˪һ
˪װδŵϱ˼ҵ̬һΪе˵ġ
û뵽ˣΪ˪ݸ
Ŵŵ֮Ѿ裬һ仰ܹ˵ġ
СȻãү˵ĵģΪ˸գһæǰæ󡣡
СҲǾȰ˼˼ɲôΪҪǲһģ͵ˡ
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С䣬Щˣҳȥɣ
˼Сҩռ䣬һ˱ֵļС
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һֽ˿ڵ߽󻹸һʮʮСѾߡ
һĻ뷢ȴ뵽ǸոܵŮֻýһӵĻһѹѹ
˾ͱˣ˭ҿɸ㣬ǳ¼ҵſûô򵥣㣬𣿡
˪˵ͷ
ô˵ˣ
õͷķʽӦ
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Ͻ˪ԼǰԴǵ£۽һˣҪǣǲܹ㡣
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ˤ˿ӣ˻ӵӶֱ߳
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˼Сȥһҹ꣬˼һŶƿϧؽ
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С㣬ƿˣ
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Ȼ˼֪ǣԴСڼеһ̣Ǿͱһ˶ˡ
ߵһƫٵʱһ˹ĹӶ߹
˼С䱧ˣСں棬ǰ档
˼СڼϵĲ˹ɵýסС
ȵȣⲦ˹ô
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СһӣҪһ˹ġ
СһС˼˵ǱǮ
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С䣬ôͷѽ
ҡҡų˼;ǰĹۣСͷܵǽҲʼ޹Ť
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·ź˻ӻԼӳ극Ů
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91 ʧ

СѾͷˣȥ俴ȥ
·˽Ϊ뿪
·ߺ˭û۳˼Ľ˼һСޡ
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үŮڼ
Īǳȥˡ
ҲЩģΪпıŮʮܳ
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ûֻǸոһ䡣
·˶ΪǵŮȻһ
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༤ĿǡҵŮأ
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ҪӲ豭
˻ӻг߽鷿Ҳҡҡͷ
İһֱСߣֵǣȥСҲϵˡ
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һƬ֮С
·Ϊ̫ĳ˼ܲסֱ˹ȥ
ٺó·ˣࡢϻа˻ӣڲͬε˽鷿нĵȴš
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࿴һ۳ϣͲһ㣬Ҫ㣬ҲᵽҲ
޹أΪ㣬òġ
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鷿ΪԸӵսʱһ۵ſڴ˽
ɻĳſڿȥͼһõСкɫŵĿ档
Сؤҵฮǲг𣿽˭ţСؤŽˣŮʱ򣬹ЩҲ˯˰ɣ
Ҫ뿴ŵĻˡ
˻Ӽеߵǰ˵࣬Сؤҵˣƽʱ̽ϢɱСֻҪǹͷĻ£ͷϡ¶ܴ
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ȻȣôҲܲ˻ӵӣѾ˰˻ӸӣھǽʮӣҲҹʼʩˡ
˻֪еǣתϹŵĽͳһöӽСؤϡ
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ͷϣԼ˵һۡ
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Сؤ˻һ
뵽ˣһСӦǱ°ˡ
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ĨһᣬеĻ밵ֻΪȫıŮ
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һҹδ˯ࡢ˻Լϣ˵ϽԹƣ֮⣬˭Ҳȥ˯
İ뻤֮ǰĻûҵ
ŭģһҹδ˯˼ŮҲ·һ˹ȥ
ҺóϾͨҽڣ·˶ûд󰭡
壬С㲻°ɣ
Ҳֻ֪һһˡ
δȥ˻ӵ۾ֻǼ̵Ļһ뿪ฮ
˻ͦĳ˼ģû˳˼ԼķûмΣʹ಻Զ
ʱѾ˼õѡ
ڰٺ˸Լˮ˪ײһ
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ϻô꣬δһûڣܡ
˪ҡҡͷУҹԶڵһλ
Сô°ˣҲܵһ˺С߻СأҪССһ𲻼ģ˵иӦ
˪¡
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92 С

ϵ˪˵һ󣬺˺ܶ࣬ñ°ߣֱӹϵ
óںǣ˼еĻһȥѰҳ˼
磬˼СٴʱѾ֮С
촵ţų˼ͷ˿̣о飬վڴͷɻȻԶ
Сվû˵һ仰峿ı档
ã˼ſڡС䣬ǻزȥˡ
С㣬ʲôزȥˡ
СһԴҲʼʹԼԺ󣬺ȻһСİ
˭ѽҲ̫ˡ
С
˼ȴ˫ۣòҪ֪˭Сӵ󺣡
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С䷢СһԲʶڴϣƺ⴬Ҳֻˡ
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˵Ҳҵҩռֻܽȥȴ޷ͨصฮֻܻص
С㣬ʲôҩռ䣬ô
ҵɸǲͨؼңȥٳС𣿡
˼콹ˣãã󺣣֪һᷢʲô
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СΪ£˶ڷ
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С䣬Ҳ֪ô죿ܱ֤Ƕܲ˳ִ½أҪǵ컯ˡ
˵ţ˼ҩռóһһˮ
ˮһֱˮ˵ǣҲΪˮԴⷢҩռ仹ж䣬ϴ裬гб仹
ǣǳһһҪǱ˸ˣСֻܶռͷҪǳûпɹפĶǿ϶ᱻ
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СĨһᣬȥ뿴󺣣ֻԶ󺣡
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ԣҾ˹
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ʵܹͦӵôһҩռ䣬Ӱ˵ͦ࣬ؼʱ̻ó
ӾȦ͡ƤﶼС
ŶԺӦ˵ڶ죬˼СһһӾȦںϻӾ
һҲõĻԶǣֻҪ˼ҩռ䣬Ǿصϣǰǣ뿪һס
˼Сÿ춼ظֲʧȤζĺںƯµʱ䣬ʱ磬ǵĴͻһ㣬ûзʱ򣬴ͻߣðβƯһ㡣
ڵ¼ʱ򣬳˼һС
Ƕ½عڿһۣ˼Ϊǳ˺¥
ȷڼװ˯С䣬С۾ôС㡣
СһǷҪʱһĨĿ⡣
С㣬ǸСɣ
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˼俪ģȴҲо顣
Ƭܵиְɣ֪ƬµĺܷصԭأԣͽһԴ뷨ԶҲû㹻İջصߡ
˼ڴģڸү£һй̴Саջؼҡ
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93 СϢ

˼Сڲ˽ʵʵ½ϡ
䣬˼뵽һ飬ǽʲôƯǣͬʱҲǧҪŹžͳҰˡ
ҪѧϰСҲҪѧϰֻˣҲҪÿ췢ͼǿ
ʧٵĵʮһ꣬ԭĵ۶Ƿʣһݱϵĵڰ˸ӣҲǸ˿ã˺ԵĻӣΪһ֮
ⱳıȴࡢԼ˼ĸ硣
ûǵĴ֧֣˻Ҳýɽ֮
ɳܲҵǣڳ˼ʧٵһ¶˺β͡
ɱɳ
ɳմŭԴ˱㽫жд̡
Ҳº֪ɳ֣ԻϲŻ
ǰҲǳ˼ʧٵĵ꣬ϮΪܱסԼĵλʼǢ
ԲΪ˻ϳֻԭܹԽԽãǱһһɳϵ
ڵ߸ͷԭĽսУԭʤɹոԼ
֮ս£Ƕսү
ţĳһ˼ܹһǿԭ

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鷿౻Ļһ
վ߳鷿ҳ
˳·˵ķ䣬࿴ǰԼҪϵķޣ絶һʹ
ʮһǰŮɳüı°ߣѶȫޣԴˣķ˱񲣬Ͼɼͻ֣ķѾ궼Ǵֻجج״̬
ʱ컹úõģ䲻˹ȥ
ȥҽ
үүСүȥˡ
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뵽ıŮʱӵŵ죬ʵ˶Դӣǣ࣬ܵԼĶ棬㷢Լ
ܣҪǿһҪΪмȥɣֻߵĶӵͲ
ǵģʱֻᱻŮǷ˼֮ͷԡ
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ʱ󣬳ϴʮһʹУ˲Ŷ껪ͷѾ˰׷
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书жɱУԸСⱲŷɥҲԸԼһãҲãñ°һ
˵ţѾʼΪˡ
ԼĪһյ󣬳ҡҡͷãĿǰֻһܾȡ
˭
á
֪ἰԼã޲
Щ飬һֱǸԡ
磬ÿǼҩ̣Դòҩ̵ĻԴˣû⾰Ҳˡ
ң˽²˹ûֵҩƬ
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ѵʱûгųϷ
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ڳ˼ʶҽ¶֪ҽӣ֪ϢԣҲû࿪ģǳ˼ܹǰ
˵ǲ˹ҩ𣿡
˹ûҩʱò꣬һֱܺЩҩǴģңǮٶȣԭ˭ܱȵϣ
һ˵ƺЩΣҲǳ¼ҵѪԺ׼ٺҲ²ã򻹲ȥá
֪һкѽͣҲֻ֪˼ıŮŮܹ˶ѡ
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ĺȻͷ⣬ҲĺΪȲıŮȢ˵ŮôõˣŮ˵Ůϣ
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ˣæǰס˳ࡣ
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94 

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Ѷһûֱ˹ȥ
ҲܣԱߣԼĵ˶ڱ֮С
û壬ûдкˡ
ʱ˿̣ԶС֮ϵĳ˼С䣬ԡ֮£ɹ̫Ҭ̵֭ġ
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һģ֬·ǲʳ˼̻ӣ곤һģƤ˹ͭɫģŮʮ˱ԽԽޡ
С䣬ΪʲôһɹͺڣôԽɹԽˡ
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С֪ͲСɹʲôչԡˡ
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С仹һļŮվĿų˼
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һ˼ž
С쳤˲⿴˼æקСĸ첲봰ʱֻɼպ˴ϡ
˼ĵ𣬲ʲôֻҪǸ˻һȺˣСа취ؼˡ
С㣬˰
ꡭСˡ
˼С㵽˴£ܿ죬ž͸˴ƿ
ĺۼһܸɾ¾ã˾ڸ
ʲôˣЩɱԽĺǿȥǽȺûС
ǣ

˼ſڴ£ֻܿһ˵Ľš
Ƿŵ˼ӦǺˡ
˼ڿҪҪȥкѾͷǸ˹
ڴµˣ鷳ǳһ£͡
ǳˡ
˼СǼһ˵ǰ
Щ죬޹ŮˣҲӵٶȡ
ʵ˼ˣҩռ䡣
ǵ̫죬СûʱĶµ飬ǿɾͿˣǣҩռСٳˡ
ⷿӵˣҲСΨһˡ
˴ų˼С䡣
ͬʱ˼ҲڴǰˣÿʣƤСһֹͭɫǳɹ̫¡
-

95 ĸ

˼˵ͷһԵСȴЩˡ
˼ü˲С䣬С䷴ӦǳһʵλҪҪȵ衣
㣬ǻеˮǡ
ˮǶǣϴϴ·ԣôӦһǻԭ
˼Ҳ˿ֱ˵
ԭҲԭʿ
¿˿˼С䣬ŮӵĴ벨˹ʿ񣬾ȻҪȥԭѵǲ˹Ϸ
뼰ˣ˰γ彣˳˼СĲϡ
˼پ󣬻Ȳ裬붼롣
⡭λӣСȷԭʿʮһǰò׻ڣɱɱѽ
СѾߣƽʱõıǷ
ԣ˼һʮһǰʧͬһꡣ
ŮӣԽԽһˡ
ǡ
˼һף֪˵Ҳţͨ·ȻҪ˵˵ϵĽ϶᳤ۡ
Ůг˼ͷ磬ʮһǰڵ۶ⱻһ°ߣǰС䶪һƴϣ𣬵һ벻󻹻š֪˰ɣ費ҪҰذ˴ڳȷһ¡
˼УѾ˵׼
ȴʱջеĽΧų˼һȦʲô֤Ů
ûС
˼ͷʲôΨһѶõĲˣСǾһ
Ȼʵʲô¶֤Ů
˵׷ʣ˼һ˿һѶϢſһ࣬տһ࣬Īʶ
ˣֻҪ뿪ǸʮˣҲҪ취ύ
ϻԼûв´Ѿ˻״̬
ţ㲻֪ģԭĻʵǰ˻ӣɳҲ֮δҲһֱ㣬һֱ䡭
˵ţȴ¶һůЦ
˼죬֪˵ʲôֻЦůֻмܹĸо
ʱͺۿǡ
ĸ磬³壬ԭ򡣡
ĸ硭
˼˹ȥһ§ס³壬޵һӡ
δĸ磬ƾѪԵϵ΢УĸܾҪİһʧ֮ˡ
СοĿǰҲƵˡ
ʱ˴򿪣һ彣ͷͻȻŮˣǺˣ
λֱʧɢûѾС䡣
ɴδãôһˡ
Ļ˼Ҳͬ⻤۵㡣
³岻ΪȻҡҡͷõһ룬ﳤʮƣٿҪǻȷҵãҵλþͻòá
²ңˡ
ȥҵԵĸˮ˵ֵк𵢸顣
ǣ
˳ȥٴιƽ
˼ֻЩǸǼƷǲ֪ҪļŮӡ
ĸ磬һܾûԶ˰ɣ
˼ЦӯӯĿһ۳³塣
СһľƵļ׹Ͱ
С䣬ôģĸ磬Щɡɡθȫȥ
ǣС㡣
ҲСģǵԼڸС˵ġ
³ΪȱʧҲһ飬ڣڼԼöһ磬Ҳһûиɣ
ãǲǾҲĸ硣
ѽüëһҲһô᲻ĸأ
˵Ĳ
Ҷ࣬ÿ˶һ壬־ػԭڴ֮ǰͶŮ鳤㶼ȥΨһǣĸ磬ǳ¼ҵˡ
˼һҲںԼĸǸֲЦˣֻҪĸ͹ˡ
ЩǸ˭ѧģôһһ׵ġ
³峹ױöˡ
һЦɰѲͷ³С˸ʮֺڽԼƤɹڣøүһڵһûˡ
³Ҳڿ˿ȡ
˼ݸһЦ漴յ³Ķߵĸ񣿡
ɷ־ķŮ鳤ʲôģĸڿɲ롭
³һ죬⻰벻
˼Ĵĸ磬˵㲻ϲŮӣҪҰС㵱ͨѾߡ
С㣬СŮͨѾߡ
СƲƲ죬Ϊʲôŷ֣Сܲ
-

96 Ӷ

ãЩǸ˭ѧģҿĸ磬㡣
³һͨ죬ǰ֮ãܲȥһŰɣҪӪأ˭ôԴͰˡ
ˣˡ
˼ŵζѾɢ䣬ӣŤͷС˵ȥǵӵȸ±
ǣС㡣
С͵СأҪȻˡ
С佫Ҭӿ̶˵һľƴɵİϣ³߹ȥذװ棬ɵʵⶫ桭
ţˣĸ㳢
˼һϣĿĸ硣
³ӳһڡܶأӪԵģã㻹ûһĵǻڶأ
Уȱľ档
˼ٺһЦߵԴһͰһͰ档
˼ӹóͰʵϣҲҩռеĵͰ档
ЩᣬŤͷѾͰĸ硰ĸ磬жٵְ
ʮ
ĸ㲻˵
˼վһ
ˣĸȴ˵ֻʮˡ
³Ա۾ǰĹӣֻһСĿĹӣȴóôһ濴ҲԭĶ
ãӵǬ
Ŷмв㣬ûʲôǬС˵ǲǡ
š
СӦĵ˵ͷ
³ǰһڳ˼Ҳͣ
³õִɰʵ׵ˣһɣ룬㲻üƽϡ
ʱŸһʪ͸˵Ļ˿
һֵָ˿ˣǡ
еô˵
³վ
˵ʧѪ࣬ǲˡ
ģߺ󣬼ǵøһǮҪ֤ļһӳԺȲ
³һָֻ۾ϡ
˼̫ĸ磬϶ĵıˡ
Ҫߣ˼ǰһסǻ
Ǹ˵ĵִа취
˼Сʮһ꣬ǧ֣һˣչһ֣еԲȥǧˡ
Сѵѧҽ
Ŀų˼
³濪۾Ҳһãҿɲ˵ѧҽѽ
ģСסһλ˹УҸС⵺ϵʱ˶ʮˣҴͰѱѧ̸ңҰʱˡ
ŶҿҪһλ
ѽĸ磬ǲ˹пɣʹ飬СͰĹǻ˴󺣡ĸ磬̧ЩҲȲˡ
ѾˣС㡣
˼³˵ļ϶ǸѾ˵ĵ̧ݡ
˼һۣΪֶʹĻ鴤ˣɵҲһңĶ־ǰţǴĿ
Сŵֱ˼ȴ˾ռһ㣬ĸļ˵Ƕȥ
ãʲô¶ͽǡ
ŹϣʣС˼Ƕֵˡ
˼С䡰źվţ˽
İɣС㣬Ƕģ˲֪ٻˡ
ʮһСÿ춼Сץģ⣬ԱߣҪø赲ǿС㣬ϾСƾʧı£˭ܹ֪ġ
˼ģһִ˵˵۾ϣ˵ֱӽҩռ䡣
һȥ˼͸˴
˻Թȥ󣬳˼ʼΪ˼Ѫ͡
һ˺ơOѪ
OѪͦϡеģOѪȡ֮֮
˼һЦ㿪ʼΪѪ
£һ˵֫ˣֻҪСʱĻϸδȫȥܹͨ
Ҫˣܷһ㡣
ʱһһȥõĳ³һڵҲʮֽ
СͷҲûף۴⣬ѾͣˣҲǰס
мʱ䣬СӽȥѾ߸ʱˡ
ҩռĳ˼һѪܷϺá
˼һѶͷϵĺԼǵġƷЦˡ㲻ôϰ
һ˼ʹڻе˳ҩռ䡣
С㣬ô
ܳɹǽɣ
ǣС㡣
СҲˣŵһ̣ȴѹѹСһƬǾȻʪ͸˵·һҹǺ׸Ⱦ纮ġ
үѡ
Сȥ³塣
-

97 ʳȫ

³͵һΣμǸˡ
ô
үǶֵĵѾСӻ֣Ҫ˶ñˡ
ϵܽӻȥС䣬㲻ƭҰɣ
ûƭԼȥ֪
СƲƲ죬С㶼š
³ƿţһӵּż濴ȴ³һͷɣ˻ȥ
˼Щƣĸ磬ûˣ˯
˼ſֱ˯³һ̺ӸøϺ󣬱ȥ˵ĵֵơ
˲ûɫҲϺ˺ܶ࣬ҶҲĽȥ
ֻףʲôҽܹӶ֣͸ƿӣĻһֵ
үɱ
С䣬Ǻ
үС˵ˮ׻Ϊṩܡ
³һɻˣСӣ³Ѿͷ϶Ҳ֪ǵˣðɣ
С䣬оƣʪ͸Ҫȵ
ƵУܵͣҽõǵɽݸȪ˳ٸ㷹Ƶȷһȥ
ʲôǶ
³巢ԼԽԽ˽ŮˣΪʲô˵С˵Ҳ
ǺȲľơ
СӯӯһЦҲ˵壬֮ЩС̵ġ
³ҲˣǵҸϱҪȻҪʯͷˡ
תһ룬ɽȪ³ǿȪ˼ӿ
үô
С䣬ȸõˡ
Ŷ͸á
Сȥԣһóƿͬɫļβơ
³һƿʱ;ô˾ע
С䣬ʲôư
С˵ˮľƣй㣬үɱСƣһ˺ȸһƿͻ
СĵĽš
³ѾȲĴСùƣ˸ӺһǸȴôҲ򲻿
СεҡҡͷүƿҪ
СֽһʮֵĶݸ˳³壬³ӹƿüëšһţΪʲôɵñʲôҲࡣ
үҽðɣһţһ̧
ֻһС³忪һƿβơ
³ûȥƿǵôģƹ˹˾ͺ˼ڡ
Ȼǳζġ
³˴ƿδ
С˵ͷζɣ
ǲûȨˮȰɣ
³žƴһڵȥ˺ɽ
Сһһ뵽ʮ˵ķͷѰ
ɴûô෹ҪСţͲΪ˷ˡ
СͷһȦСûдһĹҪһһݵˡ
תһ룬С뵽үǣǼȻһ죬϶õĴ
ǣС˳ȥ
Сߵɳ̲ߣĿľȻһ¥
ģСĿԻȥˣʵ̫ˡ
֮࣬С仹޷˵˴
룬С̤ϼװ壬ͱһѽ˲ϡ
С˫ֱʾԼûж⣬̧ͷ˲ȴһŮˡ
Ů˴һף۾ģƤװ׵ģиʮ߰ꡣ
ţһ֮Сд
˭
ǣµĹҾû㲻ҪģǼĴ˭
С䱻Ů˵Զԡ
βżһ仰õѾߣҵ뿴ûдһĹҪүˡ
⵺ϻ˾ס
Ů˵ɴ۾ǲš
ϻû˾סʲô
Сʵڿǰλ³Ůˡ
̫ɶˣҲңǽһƴ
Ů𽣣ŭĿǰС
СͻȻŮҲôģҽܣͨ˽С֪ŮԭǸŮк
ԳүѾߣ˼ҸֻһߣǣȺѹŮˡ
ܴҰ̧ɣ
Сûж⣬æ
̧ʱ򣬻
С䣬˵ôɵ飬Ĵ˺˴һСʧɢʮһ겢Ҵδһá
ʲôֵģҼСֺСʮһܻ꣬ڿɶҪС㣬ôһŮӣү档
СС㡣
ΪŮС󺣴򽻵ʲôûһټС䵽СڵϹĺܺãҲʲô֣ΪСɽͺȫĻ
-

98 

Сصס˼Ѿˡ
ſ˯ɱȲڴ˯̹û˯һ˼;ᱳʹġ
һ֫ȴСһʿ˵Ц˽
˼ɻĿǽʿλôûиһȥɽȪأ
ɽȪû뵽һСϻȪ
ﾪͬʱܸоﲻԾ
˼۾ŮˣŮ˳ôӢġ
ղŽʲô
¹߽˼
ѽ
ҡҾô𣿡
ۿһ죬ʱͿ
˼ŻȻ򣬸ĸ绹ڴϲôһƷ˶
㲻ˣֻǱŮӸӺÿӸƯ
˼Ҳ벻ʲôοֻСŶԷкһֱֺ
˿佱ˣҲ˲١
һᣬ̧ͷ˼ҪôССӵŮζأ
⡭
˼е£ͬʱҲ뺣˵Щûõġ
ŮЩǻȻɵģǿȥѧϰһӶ֡
֪Щ˵·ҸСһһƯķ٣ٻƯ·ɿҲҡͷġ
Сźȥѡ
˼ֻεҡͷ·ҲŮĶţ෴ȴүǣŮ˹ҲֻĸܹԦˡ
һ㻻ŮװС仹ΪһƯķ١
˼ŵ۾⻹Ǻ
ǰ˶ͷӢȴֲʧĵݾȻһֱĸо
˼ֻ˵һλŷϢŮ
ѽԺô磬ǧٴװˡ
˼ź˴Ĵָ
˷ܵĵ˵ͷȴҲڵһ¶֪˻᲻ϲ
Сü䣬ģϲүүҲϲֻףˡ
ʮһУС˲ٰ۸
Ҫ˲ϲ㣬ǧһ𣬲Ȼֻ
׻˵ĺãŮһ̨Ϸ˺ļ룬緹ֱ컹Ҫ˳
ڼ亣ҲɹʲôԳ˼ôһѸֵʱ򣬼仰ͱ˹ȥ
緹ú󣬳˼СţǽҩռֱӽһڵĴ˵˺ɽ
мβƣ˼һ㶼ģҩռҪжپж٣Ͳȡ
ΪĸǳԷ˼һʯͷͳȪͷ˹ȥ
˽к˼ֱҩռ䡣
ʱϾŮбһǧûܵ˶ﺰ˳Է
³֪ⶨõֱʣ˵緹ˣһȥ԰ɣ
ų³Ļ䣬˺ıȪӡ
³һģʱ˭Ҳûгԣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀų³塣
³忴һ۽űߵĴ治棬иʣнӡ
³ʢһ㣬˷ſӳԡ
ôǲԵĻ׼
Ľӣ³˳˼
СϸֲСǴĽӣʵ̫ˡ
ʲôѽ
ʱһλӵһƿβƵݵ˳³ǰ
³óƿǵĹ߸ǽ조һֹƣҿŵȣƿͷڻЩأ
ԭǾƣǸãǽһ顣
Ҫ벻飬Ȱðȫͻؼ˵Ѿʮһûлؼˣҵﶼ쵣ˡ
ǣ
һӦ
˳ĺ棬Ҳ˷ʣ³㰴õԭ͸Щ
԰緹³Щ¥ȥϢԼǻصõס
һݣͻȻоһŮˡ
Ǻˣ
ѽ
ｿߵס
³üë΢Ĵ糾ŮƵģǾ㴩ʿ·ÿ
ȥ
￪ļˣ˵ÿˡ
źȥ·˼Сһۣ˳³ϲá
СȻȻҲ˶Գ³Ļ룬³岻ϲŮӴ£ֻϲŮӴװɲ
ĸ磬µЩȥˣ
ȥϢˣĸʲôʱؼң
˼Ťͷһ˯еĽʿ˵˺õĲ߰ɣ
ΪΣ
ĸ磬Ϸ˴Ϊ֣˿ɲСǸȾ˺롣
㻹ĳҵĽʿûô
˼ȥĸ˵ЩֲǶˡ
³˼˵ԭ˼Ȧ֪ĲˣλȥҲ뿴
-

99 ̫ƽ

֪ҵԭҽ߲ɼȣȻ˾ҪȵסͺһҴӳڴδǣҲ֪ǳʲôӡ֪ҲңҲҲԼԭΪ°ոԸ֮࣬ΪҵĲˣԷһС
㻹ڤ粻飬ҪҿҰʮһѵˡ
³Ůӽ߳ȥ˦ϣŵý·ĺһ
˼ۿæ߹ȥοС㣬⣬Ƣ
ͿˣŲ׽
˼ƲƲ죬еĴֻܷŵ۶ȥʵˡ
Щʱ򣬳˼ĸ硣
ĸվ¥ļװԶ˼߹ȥСĸ磬߰ɣ
š
ĸֻǷƵһţ˼Щʧ
绹ģһҲ档
˼ת¥ͷҲص߻Сݡ
磬˼ʱѾڴˡ
ɻĿ˿ܣһɫķ䣬дӻбīֽ⹩дֵ˼һ뵽ıĸķ䡣
ĸҲǵģҵĺöຣţûȥﳢҲá
˼ŭ߳䣬ɣĸ
˯ŮӼҼҵһ˯ɹҲ
ĸ컹ͦģô͸һƵġ
˼ĸࡣ
³ҡҡͷĵ˲Զɫص˵۶˵׼һҪάĸ֪ͨǧС㲻һĸ粻ͨͨĴ㡣
˼˵⻰
ѵĸȥ󲻴סһʱ𣿡
ա
ŶҲܱһǿ
˼ʵڲĸȥȥ˵Ľʿ
һ¥ĵڶߴˡ
֪ˡ
˼ͷһ۳³壬պײ³Ц
һ˲·ˣ˼ֻԴۣĸ绹Ǹˡ
ǳĺĸĳƫִ˸ɣ
˼ֻô룬һ¥˵ĽʿѾܳԶˡ
ʿ˼´ߵݡ
ˣҪǰһܾˡ
ְҪлС㣬Ҫû㣬±ְɥȪˡ
ʿ˵ʱǴſǻġ
˼ü˱Ůǰޡ
ǣС㡣
ҼָĲƽʱҪˮһĸ㰲չ㣬ˣҲҪԺһĶҪȾƣס𣿡
סˡ
ʿͷٿ˼
˼оˣŤͷһȻĸˡ
ĸ𣿡
ߣ㻹˼ʣҪɱ˿ˡ
˼⻰Īһ
СʱҲѧһЩĹ򣬿ǻûأ͸°ˡ
ЩһֱСָǰҲѧ
ĸ磬ŮӼҼҴɱɱܹ鲻ãҽߣ˭һҽأ
Ҫӽ쿪ʼĸһ
ҲҪ̫ʹˡ
˼ŲҪǰʹ䣬ǵҽʱ򣬼ѹȣǸоһεڻ̿ġ
Ǿѧϰ
Уİҿϡ
˵ų˼гһѺڶ
³δֶЩʲôøĸ翴
˼ӯӯһЦȻǸ˶ֶϲС
㿴㶼УһԶҪҰһųãҪЦ
û⡣
³嵱ų˼㳶ǡ
һЦ˼һֺ󼹷ĸо
ˣ㻹ǻָɣ
˼ܲס΢Ц
³ʼ򣬴ᵽŮ˵ķ޳ȻŮ˶ǿµ
˼еݸ˳³塰ǸС׼Ŀһһͷ󵹵أʺϻ׽
һ𣿡
³ĿааĶ
˼ЩΣĸ绹Ѫ
ܣ˸ɱʲô˼׽֮öԷ񲻸á
ţ뷨ãϣԺôԴĵˣǧҪ˵˲
ĸ磬ôϸˣڵ۶ʲôˡ
˼ø˶ˣʣûľһ㣬ǸǷȱŮҲ˲֡
³ܲ˼ľۣ֮ŭ̫ƽʵӿСİ˻ӵã»ʵǻȻȻүЩүɲʡ͵ĵƣ硢硢˵үڰбڴ֮ǰǻҪϵϵұۣ㻹˵ûеˡ
-

100 С

˼ͻȻʵСҲͦãûжթһվһˣֻܻص۶صߡ
֪ˣ˲Ҳˣ˺ǳ¼ҵˣһٱȥ
˼ų³߬ȭͷ
³ĵ˵ͷܺãá
˵ţ³˳ȥ˼æȥĸ磬ҵİȥʲôѽ
Ҹһԡ
һԿԣҵȰ㣬һֻܴһ£ˣҿɱ֤ܲ
֪ˡ
³ⰵָкܺãԽԽ⡣
˼ǲģһֱڳ³
³¥һߵ㣬ļװϣһȺڲ

³ѡһǿ׳Ľ졣
ǽ캩ߵ³ߡ֪кηԸ
ӾС
δȽ췴Ӧ³尴˵Ľڶ׼˽ĸ첲ᰴǸС
ֻһصԵڵء
ˣ׷׳ų³¹ûз֪Ǻ⣿
£ֻһⰵ£һ
³ĵλһ顣
ǵ֪Ǹֻͬ˹ȥܶˡ
ô
˼֪ʮһ͵Ķܷĸۡ
³˵ͷòѰҿɺá
ȻԣֻԺҪʩչǵðѰ׼ĵˡ
⻹ѡ
³巢ԼãǸһɫͿȾ
˼ƲƲ죬ĸ治ϲ
ô³嶼ĸ磬ûĸ磬ؼ֮ڣҪˡ
ʣģΪ˱֤ĸûк֮ǣ˼Ϣʱװһ͸ĸ硣
³ǲ⣬˼ֻһһΪĸͣĸװʡ
ܵ˵ĸ粻ѧĺܿ죬ӴҲܿ졣
˴η̣Ҫȳ˼ĻҪã¥ʻ½º顣
С㣬ǺܿҪˡ
С伤Ŀų˼
˼ҲܿģȴݿѹĵףΪȥ֮ȴĻиϿս
³վļװϿĵżִ½أȻˮǾбҪʵ
½أҲԭǳأǻҪҹܻص۶ǡ
ĸͲܼװһ𣿡
˼Ϣһǧɡ
ĻϲΪϾܼˣ˭֪˴Ҫ
ˣ׼׼´ˡ
³岻ϵʱ䣬װ塣
С˼صԵķ俪ʼʰڴŰʱԺſ
˼˫̤Ƭʮһ½غҲβס
ң˼ֻˡ
˼İ
С㣬үΪʲôѺҲϰ
˼뺣ｨϵϲ
תͷһվڼװϵĺֿһһԲĳ³塰ĸ磬úŰɣ
УҪ¥ϵĽ
Ǻðɣ
˼һҲǣ¥ϲ˺ܲСɣ
˼Ѱ˼ţλȥĸߵʱĸ·һЩóԵģҲСĶԺһ⡣
Ϊһһ𣬾Ͳ֪²ܼһˡ
˳ǣ˼˱ѡһҿջס£Ŀǰ̫Ҫɽˣʵڲʺϼ·
ΪӦ½أ˼˲ûڵڶؼңڿջϢһ죬˯һȾ뿪˿ջ
һ·ϣ˼С˵ЦΨĸľͷһһһԲ
ʱĸֻżһ仰ó˼С䳡ľأֱȣ˼ãǳڵֱͨ
ɫ΢죬紺ĵ۶һÿòԾĴѿй˼һ۶Ŀ
ϾҪˣȴĲˣΪȥ֮Ҳĸ˵ģҶҪš
һݳصΣѹļֻúˡ
С㣬ǵˡ
ʱСƿ˳
˼ӦСĲ
³µܼҿż³һ̣һʱӿ˳
үˡ
ţãҰһˡ
³治ɫ
ܼ쳤˲ӿ˼۾ǰİŮȥһλͤͤ˶ü֮з˵ķ緶
ܼһתܣһһ߸ߺСˣСˡ
-

101 ͻ

ѵѵĳ·ں壬ܼСˣ໹Ϊܼͷ˷裬÷ȥ
Ӧ˳ȥûãҲʼ¡
վ޲ýūŸķѵһ壬ֱ̫߳ѣȴҪūŸˡ
ˣȵţҳȥ

δ˼СѾԺӡ
·𾪵Ŵͣ˼ЦſˡǵŮѽǶʶ𣿡
Ů
죬Ҫӳ˼ҳһСʱӰӣȻŮѾˣźʱƶȼߵ֮⣬Ҳ ûбˡ
ŮڻˣЩ춼㡣
·˱Ӷ߲ȣ˼һȥ
֮˵Ļ˼·˱һſ޳һƬ
ĨһᣬչǸˣԱ޷޾Ϳޡ
߹ȥԼ޶һҿˡ
Щʱ򣬳·ų˼ԼԷĶӻˣ·Ҳֻܸһ˿΢Цʣµȫ˳˼
³ͷƵģٹң˼ң͸İһһ仰˵
³е㲻һԺȾơ
ʱ˹
ڳ³Ķ£Լһ롣
ǸŮŮ˼ңԸĸһЩ
ҶôˣѵһΪ۰ö𣿡
ҵĶӣٴҲǸӣ֪ܲʲô㣬ҵá
⻰ʵ˳³Ŀϡ
³岻Ľõ¶˵һñի־컹Ҫ棬ɵø̾ҵŮǶ˲ѽ
Сʱûзʲô֮𣿡
³һԺܸߵˣԼúܲ򵥡
ۡţСʱҾͿˣĺӲһҡ׬ǮһҲԼԿ
Խ˵Խ⣬󻹵Ц
ⲻǹ𣿡
סڣҸŮΪ磬ô˵á
һʱֱһӸס˳³졣
³ЩǷһԼĿȴûдĵһơ
˵޶ѽ
Ϊ˻գ³˻⡣
һȥǸŮ϶Ҫȥ֣ƫƫܾͰֻһ˸ĵ¶ûС
ĸŮѽ
³Ļ˵ĺֻ̤ܽһ
ɩ£
ἰϱǴĵ춼⡣
Ȼ˼ҽ۳¼ţͶ˺һ㣬ô˼ҲΪ۳¼һСӡ
ţӵǲˣЩʱǸþûˣͺȸ
ԴԼıŮ°ߺ󣬾Ҳûơ
ҲǽˣƱҪȡ
ó³Ҳ볢һľƣҲкЩûˡ
˿̣ڳ·˵ķ˼䷳Ϊｲʮһﾭķꡣ
·ÿһ仰ţҲܹӯӯЦ⡣
Žţ·˱˯ˡ
˼ͷ治׷ˣͷҲˣֱӿͷͷƤ
˼ĵǣҪǡ
˼ոҴñӣž͸˴С˿
˼Ťͷǿһʮҵĺͯ
ǡ
Сùãҽг·磬Ķӡ
Ӷˣٶȹѽ
˼ĬĬֹһ䣬תɫĿ·硣

˼֡
·߹ȴǲ룬żһСùһ
ҵʱ϶ǸУҪȻǳ¼ҵһôÿ
˼ԽǰС̫Խ˳ۡ
·Ŀ˼֣СùãŮб𡣡
Ŷһ㣬֪ʲôŮб𣿡
֣˯˲Ҫ
Сùõġ
·Ըתͷ
ͬʱ˼Ҳʮһ겻һ硣
ֻͷѾϡɼ׷Сһ磬ȴҪĸ绹ϡ
硣
˼Сã߳ȥһѽӵ뻳С
Ͻĵϲûͻʮһı˻ңǷھ಻ԣ˷ҪȻҲֲڡ
ãԲ𡣡
-

102 ˹

磬ⲻĴ˵ҲǰȻ𣿡
˼һᣬָͷ
ǰСùöˣ㻹θʲôѽ
һԵĳ·̲ס˾졣
۵ȥסڣ˵Сӱ졣
СùֻҴ꣬ҲСӡ
·ϷŹ˵Ļᣬﶼˣûͬ˸档
СùûˣȻý֮ǰȫйǡ
⺢ƽʱϲҶ졣
ЩΡ
˼ЦЦ˵û¶ԺڣͲҸ㶥ˡ
˼֪Сֶ϶̫ˣԺڼңСֶҲǸˡ
˼һЩ飬ȥЪˡ
ǳ·绹ų˼ʶСùãƫģĲҴΪʲôʲôﶼûиҴ

˼ü
뵽ҩռﻹһͯĦгⶫһͬ¼Ĵġ
ԭͬµĶ̫Ƥͬº¶ĦгˤţԾͰĦгõ˵λ
ҩռ䶼ˣοǶͯĦг
㣬ҪӦңǧ˵Ҹġ
Ϊʲô
·糯ų˼գգ۾
˼֪ʮСĿ϶ǿ
ǲ˵𣿡
˼Ϊ˷ֹһΪʲôɴһؾͶ˳·Ҫʵ⡣
·˵ͷ󣬳˼Ҫ·ȳȥԼǽŹϣȻĵĽҩռ䡣
·վ̽ͷ̽ԣڵȲ£ƿſһСùõڸʲô
Ҫţ˼ȻŴ򿪡
·ټԼСùʱСùȴһĶ档
·粻֪ôݣееꤡ
Сùʲô
֪ˣȥѸĺŴ򿪣Ҫκ˳ڸڸ㣬𣿡
·ĵ˵ͷ
·˶˼תĦгԿףһ򣬺¡¡ڼžฮ
Ϊ˾˼ʹʹֻпˡ
һ޴ĺ󣬳˼Ħһ磬Ӷˮ߸СߺХ
СΡաղʲôѡѵǹСײˡ
ССķ䣬ȴСͲڷ
ôˣСȥأ
СɻţûеȵС㽫ˮŵСϱˡ
·紦һ߳˸⣬ȻСùڸһ

Сùã⵽Ǹɶѽ
·ԥҪҪȥ
˼ȻӴţĦų·һȦ
֪ʲô˰ɣ
·Ȼҡͷ˼ʲˡǲ˹ס𣿡
˹ţסˡ
·ŷɻ˳˼
ϳ˼ȳ·߶٣ͯĦгȥӴ
ץˣСùôɰɣ
˼ΪйСʮһ꣬һҹ쭳
·缤ֽţֻ˵һⲨ˹ȻСù˽ֵ
Ϊٶ̫죬·еѡСùãҺܡ
ҿ㡣
˼ʼ٣·ܹܵٶȺ˵ô𣿡
ͦģö࣬ǲ֪ܲ档
棬ͣٴЩ治ˡ
˼ٺһЦýС磬ͯĦУƿڶʮһ͵Ĵֻ֣ᱻЦ
˼ɲΪǽ̳·翪Ħеʱ䣬ֻϤһ£ڽֶĦУҪȵ֮
һ۶ǵİȫʧˣö˶˯ȴһͻѣųȥɣʲôûС
ȻƾЩ룬Ҳ벻ฮСĹ
磬·һ˯Ѿó˼ķš
˼۾˭ѽ
СùңĲ˹Ҫ棬㶼˵Ǹҵ
˼һʱ֪ˣӦõȽĦгģںˣֶǷ治ˡ
ȵȵȣ
˼ٴ·򵥵ϴһ󣬱㽫ҩռĦгȡ˳
·һҲûܣܿ죬Сùþͽǲ˹ǰ
˼һڣΪһῪ˿һʮּ޵
˵ÿһ仰㶼Ҫ
š
·ɵĵ˵ͷҲ֪СùҪ˹ޱȵרע
һĽѧ˼ķ֣·СһѾȫ˿Ħгķ⼼
-

103 ﱸƼƻ

үˡ
ʱһѾ߼ү˷ţæϴõ˽ȥ
³ӹһǷ⸮ôˣһͺ¡¡죬ҼҲҪѽ
үСүСһв˹ĶǶһ׷ϡ
Ŷ¶
³ϴ˰˳˼СԺ
ɵǣ˼Ľ̳Ѿ·ҲطȥϴˣǶͯĦг˼Ҳսҩռ䡣
ǳ˼·Լʲôʱ涼ǣὫĦгСֶܡ
ǲ˼³·罫ĦгŪ±֮˷֣ʱҪ˷ˣϾһδĳκϸ΢鶼пܶһ˵
³˼ķǰպó˼Ŵ򿪣׼ȥ緹
ĸ磬𣿡
˼ӯӯһЦ
³Ʋ˼˼ۡѾ˵ʲô˹һ

˼Цŷ֣֮Ĳ·УĸССҲС
Цʲôǲ˹óһơ
СĶʺ㣬м϶ϲ
˵ţ˼߽ݣŸϡ
³һӻңҪĽҵţ϶̡
ܿ죬˼ֽŴ˿
ȴ˼һõԶԶڳ³Уһ̦
ʲô
׼ԶĶһ֪ˡ
˼һʾ³ӹԶ㽫Ŀ궨ฮ
һǿŷŴ
ˡܽԶĶŽѽ
ǵȻˣԶںϿֻҪǧ׷Χڣͨһ
ãʲôЩ
³彫ԶϲͣĦţǺϲ
˼õ㶫ĸ磬ʣµЩѹûʺĸõġ
ûˣ֪ɣ
˰ˣѾ߽˴ҵķ䣬ҵûȥúоһ
˵ţ³ż΢΢һ㣬㷭ǽฮ
˼ʮĸ磬ǲܴˡ
ҳȥȳԱҡ
Ǹ̰ġ
˼ҡҡͷֻȥԷ
ϴҪԼɩ˼Ϊɩ׼һڻʱΪﻹҪû
˶ڵȳ˼ϡ
ĸأ
ۺЦǺǵĿų˼
ȥˣѾߴ͵ķȥ
Ĳǲϲȥ𣿼ǵǰǴڼﶼȥġ
࿴ų·ɻ
·гԳ˼ҩһҹµسԷˣֻûʲô
ǰǳͷеĹˡ
ĸһĽߣһأĸǿ˼ҡ
ģ˵߶˵߶
·һó˼ߡ
˼¶˵ȫ·˵ǻãһǸŮͳ
ŲԵģϲ۹⡣
ѽүҲϴСˣй￴ϾͲˡ
·˰һࡣ
ൣĳ·ӣæԼ˼¡
Ҵˣô򣬸ô򡣡
Ϸ˼˺üûӦǳ·һ졣
ԷЩûġ
һ˿ʼĳԷ극˼վĿƵϡ
ұΪƾɼϲҪԷҲҪˮ
ŮҪΪβ
·˶ˡ
·ˣ˼ȫ˶ˡ
˼ֻĸ൱ףСĹ£ĸһҲû˽
Ǻ˼һηԼǿԼļ˺Ƶת
Ůû뵽㻹ԵɡĲе̫ҽ
үСˣ㲻֪үһ¶ֱ֣ӽ˼ҵָ̺۶ȫֲϹ
ʱСǰų˼˵
һĲšֶ˻ܽӣ˵С䰡ǲǵʧķѽ
үûз裬ү˻¥ϣٲžͰʡ
СҲǺģү˵ǷӣͷƼˡ
ΪеĳϾãϵֽȥǲԣֻʱûõѡ
ĸ֪
ҲãҪм٣СҪȫ𡣡
ǲᴦ˼ƭ֮ѾС䡭
-

104 ɽ

С䵹Ҳ£СҽʵѧǰŲŰɣ
³粢δң̫Ҫɽʱ򣬳³Ż
ֻǳ³ʪ͸ˣʱͷϻżˮݡ
˼͵ĸһԼĸⷬģ̲סʵĸ磬ôˡ
ڳһ
ǹأ
Ҹղ˼ңҲˣǼҹǼõͦ
˵գ³żݻ·
˼룬ɺ֮Ķ࣬˻ܾȵھӡ
˼δ룬ĸ󣬳˼㽫ΪƵ˵ĸ
³ϣԼܹų˼οһЦôһҽտĺãҲҵңģ¶ϡ
ȵȡ
˼ĸҪ߳СԺʱֽסĸ硣
³岻ΪȻŤͷЩĳ˼𣿡
ĸ磬ϣܸ˵ҵַܶأҪ­ȡ
㡭˵ʲôԹӿ˻ܻ
³̿ˮʶ˻ȥ
ڿɲȥ˵ˣƷδţֱ˶
ܻ߳ɵİա
˼ɵıС
ţҪʲô֧Ÿһ꣬ǡ
˼˵ǸֶرǽֶԼļϡ
һȥɣҵĺϢ
³ΪܹĻȥ˿̽һж׵Ժ
˼ĸСԺʱĸŴԺ
ĸô
˵㣬ֻһ⡣
ʰɣ
˼һϲҲûٶʲô
³֯һԺ˵㣬ûзֲ˹Ҫһġ
˼⻰ôһˡ
ӦƣĸȴͨһĦС
ؼǣҩռͷֻжͯĦУĸҲﲻѽ
ĸûˣһǸʮĺӡ
ˣҾ֪ûС
³˰Щʧ
˼׼ȥķ䣬ȴͻȻһ顣
ĸ磬ҸԶأ
Ŷ˵Ǹҷˡ
³岻ҿ˼۾
˼Լ˼˿è壬־ԶʲôصĶҲûѾԶĸˣԶյĽĸ紦
˼˵ͷ߳ĸԺӡ
˳·˵ķ䣬˼ϡ·硢Լ˪ȫų·ˡ
˼߽ߣ˿ʵ𣿡
ţëˡ
˼ִͳһкɫҩÿҩиӵС
ɽ裬أζҪԷ
ûθڣʵڲԡ
ǿɲУڳԵɽû׼θˡ
˼ҲûΪҪԷų˼ɽ裬ⶫͦ죬Ǹ˳Ե
·ֲԼŮŮɽιԼ
ţóԡ
·˸ս˼ڣ¶Цݡ
һԵĳ·۲ֱ̿ˮЦĳų˼ķȥСùҲҪԡ
룬ڳ·˵仰˪Ͱѳ·ԼĻ
Ǹ̳Եҩʲôԡ
ҩģ϶ǺóԵġ
·زϲܵأֻҪڵĵطÿǿġ
˼˼εҡҡͷɩǲҩҲҩɽһǹθģͺԷûθڣǶһô
˪ôһºеεջ֡˼ѽֶ͸ɽɣ
ɽʲôóԵģСùøõⱲӶûгԹĶ
˼ǰһ³·ıӡ
·ҪĹ˷ܵСùɲƭҡ
ƭſš
ţȥҪƭңҾͲط˯
·˸߲ҵ˳ȥ
˪϶ҧгݣҪ˵ƽʱҲˣƫƫ·˶ڡ
·Զ಻һȻʲô̳ܽʲôĶӡ
ҡ
˪һͨƺۿ
˼ʵͦϲ˪˵ģ˪ֳɩԲɩԿ
СӳԶôˣСʱҲǳ˳ԾǳСֻҪԱůͻܿĵġ
ҿû˵ҵĹ˵ĳˡ
ɲӡ
˼ף׼˪ˡ
·һ˪ûʲôɼҪ˵ΨһĳɼǾǱ׿ޡ
ˣ˵һ㣬˪ȥ˵㷹ҲȥԷ
-

105 ͷ

Է
ҾͶһһԡ
˪ȥ۾˵գͷҲصĿܳ䡣
඼ðˡ㿴ƫƧСŮӣС˵ϰޡ
ү˵˪뵱㲻Ҳ𣿡
ңǽ۶״Ԫģһ𣿡
ۼԼĵˣɴߡ
ȥԷ
ԳԳԣ֪ԡ
Ը˳ȥ
ʣ³˼·˺󣬳˼ߣ˵Ͱ§˻
ںѽұ͸һŰײһ
Ůʲôײ˲ײ˵ģעĴǡ
·ʵҲֺͦǣΪŮ˵ض
ֻҲó·ʮǣų˼㷢˵ŮѾ֪ˣ֪ҪΪƺ󣬱ºӭȢ㣬ʵĻԼϣڣԺȥӺúѧһѧȻ𻰶˵ʱ㲻Ӷˣ϶ֻǻˮ

˼С൱ǿһ£ȥԺµ飬ǱȾѵʹࡣ
ʱԺѧȫһЩģ˵˼׻ʵ޴ַ￴ͳӹ֬׷ˡ
ģ˼ûиһȥԷ
ܿ죬˪Ͷ˵ķ߽˷䡣
˼ϵķ˲һˣͰѶ¶ˡ
ŷļ϶˼ͣظвˡ
·˲ԱˣЩԵ¡
ŮټˣҳôϹƶ˯ˡ
пһ㶼ԲϷҵƷҪӳ
˼ûк˵ΪһҽͨһվʮСʱпܡ
·˲ЩʵǳԲ˲ûٳˡ
극˼˪ų·һ죬ֱ·˯£˼Ÿ˪һ뿪䡣
˲һ𣬳˼óһֱҪ͸˪
ɩǸ
˪ӹһװһЩƿƿ޹ޣɷǷѽ⡰ǡ
ˮƤˮϸ
˼ǵ˪˺ӣƤȻǲܸʮǰȵģ˪Ӧûʱ䣬˵ĸŮԸ⿴ԼƤһ첻һ졣
˼ʵ̫ˣڸʮ磬ûôأ
˪һҪޡ
˼νɩ㾡ãﻹС
󣬳˼˵һЩʹ÷󣬱㼱ҴҵĸԼСԺ
СùôŻ
˼ԶͿ·ԼſվţúЦ
ʵеʳǰͬģǳˣһֱڳ
վţҽݸá
ʲôѽСùûء
ĳ·ԴҲ벻Ȼ
һ˼һ˲һʳĳ·ۻҡ
˼ϸϸûйڣʳ෱࣬ʲôţɡɿɴ桢Οh֮СʳͶʮ֡
·´½Ҳǲ˹ʳ𣿡
ûʲôʱˡ
˼̽˳·к󣬲һ˰ѳ·
·ȻȴܿģΪСùĸܶܶóԵġ
ų·ƨƨߵˣ˼һҲطЪš
ݣСӸϴˮ
С㣬Сүá
ôҶ㲻Щʳ˵㶼ˡ
С㣬ȥСϣڻصԵĺóԵ̫ˣҵе㻳Сˡ
˰㣬裬Ҳʳ
ллС㡣
СҺˮ󣬿ĵſˮͰ˳ȥ
˼½ܹһˡ
һҹ˼˯ĺܰȣΪ磬˼С佻һͺ𴲡
Сʱ򣬳˼͵
緹ҲˣΪƵʱһѡҵķ䣬ʱ⣬û׼κ˽
С㣬һүүҪô죿
ѻ˵һ㣬𣿡
С˵ͷĵҪһˡ
˼ȥķ䣬Ҳո
ȥһéұΪ

·Լ²ͷɻ
˼е飬תһ룬ﶼԸ⽫Լˣοǰͷأ
Ϊ˷ƣһһͷ
˼ƽٽꡣ
·ֻǳһЦɣֻҪκͷʲôĶҪ
һκãó˼ѹ
-

106 һŰ

Ҳﲢ֪ʲô֪Ҳãѹ
һ׼󣬳˼Ϊ˹ͷ
֪Ůķ˽ƣһ˳·˵ķ䡣
Դӳ·Ӯʱ·˷ַ˯ͷ̫ҽ˵ַ˯ҲΪ˳·˺á
Լ˵ķ䣬ĳԼŮ֮⣬һλͷġ
ѽˣͷô
ԴļҪͷˣȻơ
˼ĵΪһͨ
ЩΣȴҲûа취
ˣʲôֶξ;ʹҪκ
˰֣˷˼Ųѡ
˵ףѣҪ֪Ŀ£Ͳô˵ˡ
󣬳˼һɴΧͷϣԼСԺߡ
ʱ򣬳·硢ϡ³廹С˪ȫԺվţһʱ䣬˼ٸн
Ȼķ䲻ʲôңɻôˣó˼жѡ
Сͣ
Сų˼ȭͷ
˼˵ͷţҵķȥĸ硢硢ɩеǷģһŬ
ȥɣǶš
ߴһ˼
˼Ÿѹ߽˷䡣
ȥ󣬳˼Žϣ·ͷַˣڳ˼ʱ·еġ
ɵϰɣ
ţεһ
·ɵûã˻ԣ˼ʡˡ
˼Լִϣһҩռ䡣
˼ֻһ˵СȸߣѾˡ
ȥû취ڳˣǸжʱ̡
̣˼ΪȻȡѪҺѪͲԡ
ԼĪյĹѪͲԽˣѪΪAѪ
ţ˼ʼΪԴΪ˲ŪͷƤ˼˾ƾ
⻹ֻǳ
˼ĿǰҪȷλãһСʱƳ
ϾھҽԺеĹһɡ
˼һΪCT˼ֲѡ
мСҾͳԸԵм䣬սԵ
Ϊвͻ˺ԣĻ͡
˼룬һ֪Ѿ˴亹
ڽһСʱ˼CTƬһ򵥵ĴԹͼ
ĿǰܹȷǣһĲѪܡ
ðа룬˼Ȼ֮á
оһСʱ󣬳˼ȷ˷
վԼһˮȣϣԼܹ׵侲
Ůûеôϣܹɹɣ
˼ʲô𣬿ǵһ˹¾սʱòţΪУʲôпܷ
ƽһ󣬳˼һǺűʣλûһǺš
ó˿­õҽõ꣬¿صһ̣˼һĶ
СĶ׼˼Ǻŵλ̽һ˲䡢Ѫɡ
ˣ˼ȻᶨеǷҲҪκ
ͷǰõǣ˼ͨҵʾ󿴵Դڲ
ͷƣ˼ڿǸʮ
¿أҽõֹͣ˹
ʵҽõǸ๦ֹܵͣİ뵶
˼һһĿʼһ˼Ҳ˳˳ˮʱʱ˽­ڳѪԴƤ֮ҲдѪ
Ϊ˷ֹΪʧѪ࣬˼ΪһƿAѪ
ϵݻָ󣬳˼
ʱһһȥȴѾϵȵϣһ죬˳ԺȶСԺ
Ϊķˣ糯ϸ˼١
С䰡⵽׻Ҫѽ
ȵЩ㿴Сʵ
Сڳ˼߾ˣûԹ⣬Ҳ·
ү˿Բƣٵϰ춼пܡ
˼Ҫȵҹ𣿡
΢΢ЩԾΪԼķԸȣֻЩӡȷʵҲˣҲһȫҶͣ
ǻȥɣҸСС
үүҪСùøǣǳˣҾóԵοСùá
·ǰ˵
ϣ㻹ǸúӣϧүүС㡣
ʮֿĵ·ԴȻӶˣ˵͸ˣһŰɣ
-

107 ɫ

ȻС˵һ㣬Сҹʱ򽫷Ŵ˿
˼һ˶յ˳˼ߡ
ô
ࡣ
˼֪˵ٶҲûã㽫϶ŵĲðײŵõ˵ǰ
ԴĶѾȡ˳ֻʺϽȥ̽죬ٽȥ
˵ţ˼㽫ײ˿
һģһСһѪܵѪŵǼˡ
û±ãҿŮ
̿ˮŮһӵŮһµĶԭⶫʹʮꡣ
СùðⶫңõˣҲ̡
ôţⶥǸ壬ȥ˱ǡ
˼̽С䣬С˵̾éߡ
Сùóˣ϶ûԷȥɣ
ţȥôҲԵ㡣
˪ĵĳųķߡ
վһһ˵Ǽ尾ģΪǵʲôӣ䲻ǹѾõˣǿŻ·˶ǵҲ㰲
ҹ˶ط˯ˣΨϻڳ˼СԺﲻȥ
ãǲǽԴˣ
ûд򿪣ֻһһͷǵʷסǸٹһЩʱգͷںϣԲͳ׺ˡ
ϻȹ񹤵ƷΪҲҩ䡭ҪҿҩҲС
һܵӣ˼ˣ޷ιҩռ䡣
ܣС䣬˭֪
ҵܣһȥɣʱܸ㡣
ŶȻܰɣ
ȻһЦҲ֪㣬ްҲˣµӦÿһ죬ʶ
ЦǺǵˣ˼˸һĹͷɢˡ
ܿ죬Сȥ
С㣬˻𣿡
СǵģĻ̫ϸҵĽתƵֻɸȾҴﲻϵĴˮǡ
ǷҪô죿
һӣ˴Ҳ
˵꣬Сų˼˴Ĵָ
һҹ˼˯رȣڶ˭ûų˼Σ˼ֱ˯ɹ͡
ֻʱ򣬳˼𴲣ͱϽСһ
СҴææ˼üôˡ
ǡǼˡ
ߣҶʱͿʼ۸ңڹҲǿʮŮˣ𣿡
С㣬֪ˣΪ˻үġ

˼ĸֻ֣øҹķҪ³
ֲã֪ҲǽݲŽأ
С㣬ҪҪͻȻǰһš
ţ绹ҪģȽȥôˡ
˵գ˼ҩռ䡣
Ϊһ󣬲޴󰭣ֻڻδѣһԭ򣬶ΪǲѵģҲоôˡ
Сų˼·ų˼һ
ļһŵĺŲ裬һ߸˪ĸ˵Ц
˼Լһ˿ѰϢĸ翴
ģĸӦòϲз֮
ֻٵ۾ɳֱȥʱȻ͸ĸԶ
ѵĸµŮǼ㣬⻹Ϸ绯ѽ
С㣬ʲôѽ
˼һߵ
Ȳ裬һŮǽŵǺˮǺ˺þá
ǡ
̧ͷų˼ȥһۣ·صʮһǰ
ǳ˼û뵽š
ôС㲻ǵˡ
˼ҲͷϣǴźΪҪչˣͺúʰһ㡣
ԭС㣬ڲܽҼСˣǺĲΪ
С
˼һۼ㡣
û뵽һ̣ͱĳ³
ãú֣֪λǺĲ˲й֮񡣡
ĸ磬ǲǷͿˡ
˼ĵĸ磬һɣǴĸ翴֮УһĨɫ
˵ͺĸֻмһ
ĸΪˣǰһ㣬ҲᰮôһŮˡ
ΪŪôһ£˼ֻʱһ󣬱ߵ˼
-

108 һè

ĸʲô
˼ֻʵ
üһɻĿ˼Ǻˣܶһ˺֮ʲô
˼ۼӼѰ𰸣ϵԶߡ
ȵȡ
˼ӸһļȴΪŵĽס˳˼
ôˣ
˼ҧŴֺõرͳ
˼еŭ˵ʵڵģ˼ԽԽġ
ǶĸѾ˺ָˣһȥûѽ
ĸ磬ô£
˼ŭĸķȥ
³屻˼һ˲١ô?
³ķӦһԵ˪ʮ𾪣ų˼˹˼ĸͦԾģҪɣ
ǸÿˣӦ㣬Ҵĸȥơ
ţȥɣｻҾС
˪ӯӯһЦߵ£ûһĵȻ
˼ЩΣˣһҲȲ˪˪ǸĺŮˡ
ĸ磬ߣ
˼һĸߡ
ߵһƧͤ󣬳˼ɿĸʯϡ
󣬳˼ĸĶ
ĸ磬ңʲô£
ҴҵԶ˸ڳ⿴˼һӡ
³岢ûн˵ꡣ
˼ĸĶӶˣҲ֪ʲô
ǺĲܳʲô¶ûйϵ˵ص㡣
ӷңҽ°¶˼ʮɱңӦֻУǱץӼеԶ󣬻ǲฮˣ˵ǣҵһЩɫķĩȻͷŹҡ
أ
˼ԽԽ˲Ӧɱĸַˡ
ʱͿ˼㣬ѳңҵʱҲ֪ôˣĻԶ͸ǹ黹Զģ˵Ǻ
˼֪Ĵź󣬱㲻òһ֪
Ȼü㽫Զ黹ô˵ԶĸѾӦҪͺˣѵ滹ʲô֪飡
ҡҡͷ˼ֻ¶۸ӣĿǰҪǣҪĸ壬ĸ·
ţ˼ʹһֳ
ĸ磬ϣһΪû⣬;ժ֣ȻԸ
˼⽫˵ĿһЩԭǵĸΪĹժ֣Ȼ󿴵ҩռһС
صġ
³ȻԸҲԼʲô״һЩɫķĩιȥ顣
³֣˼ȷû˺󣬱ϳ³֣³ҩռ䡣
ãʲôͣ
ĳ³ж죬ժֵ뷨
˼ŵĲȥȻѾڵסˣǷʾţʾǷġ
컹Ǻ¶죬ˡ
ѽ泪Ϸģһһէġ
˼˵ţͰһͷװôĸͷϣ󣬳˼ٰͷϵĺɫťĸ˹ȥ
ûһͷһеĸڲʵϢ㱨
һЩ΢ǻˮ֮⣬ĸھȻмҩĳɷֻ֣ҩһЩ˯ߵҩ棬ҩɷƫ٣ЩӰ˵ҩһ󣬳˼Ȼ
ȻļҩڵҩƳһҩۡ
ʲô˻
˼ԴҲ벻˭ˣֻĸڵҩ۲
Ҳ򵥣˼ΪĸҺֻСʱĸڵĲҩ۾ܱעĸڵҩֽ⣬ʱĸҲͻָ
Сʱ󣬳˼ˣĸ룬漴ȡ´ĸͷϵͷѸٴĸ뿪ҩռ䡣
ĸ۾˻ͤ
ãô
ղֻ˯ˡ
˼ӯӯһЦ
³Ҳû룬վȻ뵽͸ԶڼϣվҪˣʱú͵ԶǷ˵档
˵գ˱㳯ķȥˡ
˼е㲻ģһֱĸ
ĸĪ˵ˣĸǿģֱԶͻԼķ䡣
΢Ŀ˳˼Ρ
-

109 뺮

С㣬ҡ
㲻֪ĸ⣬վ˼һŰɫĵҩƬͼҴҵ뿪ฮ
˼ڼߺɻĿеҩƬⲻãһҩļҩ
˼ôˣ
˪Խ㲻ˣ˸ղŻһӣ˼ȴַ
ɩû£ȥŷСҵﲨ˹ٸˤţ
Ǻãȥˡ
˪ЦЦĵǷôõСùҲǰĸˡ
˪ߺ󣬳˼ȥС䡣
Сڳ˼ԺɨҶԼСˣæǰʺС㣬ôˡ
ĿǰܺãС䣬㻹ǵõļҩ𣿡
ǵüǵãϾǱ°ߵӺܽһҶǵһ
˼СĻοͬʱҲ˵ĬĬСµĳŵ
С䣬ұΪơ
С㣬˼ԺҲˮ𣿡
ǵġ
˼ЦſС䡣
ͬʱҲСΪ⣬ʮһС粻ƣƫƫʱΪΣ
С㣬ǲʲô¶ң
С䡣
˼̾˿˵㵱ҩٵ飬ҲΪȻΪȫ˳ȥֱĸ硭
˼žС佲һ顣
СһתС㣬òǳĬС˽˼ҩɣ
˽̵ǲڣҵһĬϢǱ°ߺҩҲţĬԴʧҵҲȥҹûҵ
Ǿ˼ҩԣоš
С²
˼Ȼ뵽ĸ磬¶ͻƿڻĸϡ
Сȥȥ
Сȥѽ
СҪȥСѾûӰˡ
ˣС仹ǺܿģΪʮ飬ͻ˽ᡣ
³ԼСԺ˼Ȼ֣³ΪϮİֱӽ˳˼Ĳϡ
ĸҡ
³忴ˣæջسŭԺٿԶԶģû
š
˼ĿѵС󣬱ĸԺ
ĸԺмʯʣɹϢ
³彫Żݺ󣬳ʱ򻹸˼һ衣
òˣк¾ܿڡ
ĸ磬㻹ǵǸ˵ܰ𣿡
˼ų³գգ۾
³嵹Ǽǵ˵ĳ࣬žһ˭֪˼񶾡
ǵãĸҿɲửƻǸΡ
Ϳһ°ɣƾŲ²һ
˼Ϊ˸飬һ˿ҲԸŹ
³һ㽫˵ص˼һ˼ԺѸٳһ֪
ԭ
ֹʲôأ
³Լе㲻״̬Щġ
˼ҡҡͷų³強һЦݡллĸ磬ȥæˡ
ԼñıԶˣ³ֻεЦЦиþǺѽ֪Լĸ磬ֻǶԷı㣬ǲ֪Сܷʤ֮
ʵ򣬳³͸һȷץסˣȴǹġ
Ҳ˶ۣδӰ죬Ƴȥ˴룬ʣµֻҪϢվܳ
ֻô¶򵥣йأͽƾͼƣΪıõӡ
ĿĴﵽˣҲܰĵ뿪۶ˡ
˼صԺӣСʯϳѡ
С㣬ģ
ѵȻٳԣѾȷǳĬֻҲףһ𣬼ôҲǧֳ˺Ĳݹţ治֪Ĭʲô
С㣬Ĭͷһ룬㲻֪˭֪
С䲻̫˽¶Ϊ˽⣬κ˶峺
Ĭ˵ҪĿ϶ܹ˵ȻôһССԸȴһʵֵĿ꣬ǣ϶ʹ޺ʧȥͷˣô֮ʱ϶˱
˼ϸһ룬СĻͦе
Ҫô˵ĻĬʧȥͷıˡ
ǣĬȥ౨𣬷Ůе˼ˡ
ѵǺ
˼󵨵һֻ󼹶ڷ
С䣬ùܼ뺮˵Ҫ
ѵС㱻СĻҭšС㣬Ӧú㣬ȥǲе㡭
ǹ£֮ǲһġ
˼ĿС䡣
-

110 

СֻһѾߣȻ˵ˣǡ
Сȥ˹ܼң˵󣬹ܼұȥ˺
˿̣˼ڤ˼룬˵Ǿ仰ʲô˼
ѵĬ˼㣬ԴвȼԼ顣
˼Զ󿪣Ǹģͳͳˡ
ˡ
ʱŸ˴졣
˼˶ֻڷһΪߴӰæһߵͭǰһͷȷԼ󣬳˼һŴ˿
վõĺʧʮһֻĳ˼δκθоվ档
Ǹ˼һˮԳߣƺ
㸮Ĺܼ˵ұĪȲҪ޸
߽ĸԼһ裬Ȼ˳˼ƽʱС˯ϡ
仹С̸ۼ޵¶Ժ˵
Ҳǳ˼飬ڲʮ꣬ҽѧϵĹʮǳʱͻ䣬ǽ׼һ
˼ߵ棬һº㶵Ŀǰ֮ˡ
ˣʮһǰһС̫ģ˱óˣϵҲˡ
ͬʱҲڴ˼޷ǱСʱһ㣬ġ
ҡҡͷģƺ˼
˼˺һۣϣС
˼ֱӿżɽ뺮˵Լĸѽ齲˺
Ϣƺһ㶼е⡣
˵ûʲô¶ʹظˡ
ιô£
侲̬˼ɻѣŭ
׼ߣȴһӵϡ
˼״æźôˣ
ëˣް
ƿ˼ȴʼûǸȥ¶
˼úܲԾһһװ˰˵ĴˣȻһСľûС
뼰ˣ˼ɴס˺󣬿ʼΪ
ԼĪһյ蹦󣬳˼ɿ˺֡
ƽʵػģ˵ȵģʱʱжǹȲ£Ĺ仯һȷһֺĶĿǰ뼹裬ûջͷˡ
ԣŶ䵭
˼ĿƵĶź
ڴ˿ĿתĿ˼۾գġ
˵СһСסʮһ꣬㻹ڵϰһ˹Ϊʦⶼġ
ҵ
˼Щţģʲôֲ⼸һпգܼӰܵˡ
Ȼ
˼ЩڿʣߵǰԼһ裬ȴߵſڡ
˼ʱͻˡж֪𣿡
֪֪ûмջͷˣҪûܵȫһ顣
סŲſڡ
˼Ϊκü㵱ˣһʼ˼檳ȺªϰطˣҲˣЩı䲻˵ġ
һı꣬һܾҲ˵
˼Բ˵ȺĻ
ϾһŮӣСʱʶһҲ̫
תٿ˼ʱ۾бĹâһ˿ɿڵ
ܾȱڻ˶ʮĲƸԿȥ
һΪպׯɢ
˼ź˵һЩһĻ룬˼һԭ꣬ʵ뵱ŮǮ׬˷
ߺ󣬳˼ǵӰ˵ɬ
ڵ۶ʮһ꣬Լļˣƺһжˣôİô顣
С֪ˣܵһϺõĲˮ
ȴˡ
С㣬㲻Ǻ׼Ϊκʮһδ㣬㣬ȴԸ˵һ㻰
С䣬ʮһǰһһСһˣúʲô֡
תһ룬˼Ҳܹ֤Ǹ˾ӡ
СҲе˼С㣬Ҿ˵˵
˼ӹСݵĲһڡҪǽ⣬ͲݵĲˡ
磬˼һ磬ԭĸҪˡ
˼ԼֱȻĸڼҲġ
ĸ磬û𣿡
Ȱ󺣣ҵսҲҵĵڶҡ
³û仰
ǳ˼ȴˣԭĸɣһԼСء
-

111 ֹʹ˨

˼Ϊĸӱʲô෴ĸúѡ
һŰģפǱߺͽͬͬסҲĸҸǸˡ
³Լ·վһݺ˵˼仰ֽһܼϵ飬޷ǶȰүƽٺȾĻ˵պ󣬳³ߵ˼ǰ
ã޾ϸҪάˡ
İɣҵĸƬɽǵļң˵ʲô
˼һᣬΪչԼļǿһ棬ûԼ
Цţһ˳³С
ҸҪ
ţ֪ˡ
³Щͷرᵽʱ
˼װ˲ٺóԵ죬ˮ˼Ǹװʮף궼òꡣ
ų³ˣҲƲסˮſʡ
ҲүүһĨᡣ
Ψг˼ڷУŽнԶԣϣޱ롣
˼㽫СеԼķ䡣
Сճ극еţС˵ҪŲС
СѾɺˡ
ţ·ˡ
˵ţ˼ҩռͷҽûԼë׵ҩ
ССóһµСҪʲô
˼ڵë
Сֱӵɴ˫ۣ󣬱ӳ˼ķﴫһͷƤļ
ո˯µ౻ŵôӴſڵķ򺰵ô¡
վİ˵үСΪСơ
ڸʲô
Ȼϲʵȴֿ˻Ů˲𣬲ҽ߳Դֺã޵ҲǺԼıŮ
磬մСͱСӴק
С䣬ҪΪˣѡ
Сһ֣;ͷƤ飬СϣС㽫һһʣǵƬƤǡѪܶ뵽ԼǺ²ѡ
С㣬Ҿˮͦãˮ
У֪ô껨¶ˮô𣿡
˼ҲСͣСͽҩռ䡣
СҲ˵ǸСҲͷСԼϴչȭš
СʱҩռֶһŲˡ
СĲڳ·˵ԱߣֻҩûйС仹ڻš
һк󣬳˼ĵܳˡ
û뵽սԼķŴ򿪣·ײһ
Сùãȥҵȥҵ϶ۣһˣоȻ˵ҵˡ
ˡС
˼ЦܻУĸվ
ͷġ
·ԼСùͻȻ׺˵С˼֡
˵ҽҽ⻰һҲ٣ֻǹͷ̫ҽЦĶֱۣΪҽߡ
ʱ˼Ҫ緹˼ûˡ
ؼ֮磬ɲϣʲôӡ
ķ䣬۵ڴϴһվŵۿ˪ſڴϲͣؿޡ
ĵһһ˵绳ˣ˵˾֢βҲˣֹʹĶûС
һʱ䣬˼ʱҽʧ˼㡣
˼ûż飬Ǵһ֧͸ֹʹ˨
ֹʹ˨˳·Уų·ߵ˽
˼һðôĵ񽻸һСʵǲף˵Ϊ·ͯӰڳģûһȳ·ʺϡ
ǵ࣬ɩǸСұŮˣܣǸδŮӣҪ˲ɲںЩΪҽǣӲļ
·ԼСù˵ĻСһһףһʹȥĵеĵ׸үүֻҧصСùԡ
Ǹúѽ
˼̲סһѳ·󣬾ó·һ˵£Ǳ˼е档
ű·ϣ˪ĨһɻĿ˼˼ֲβҲûѽ
ɩ𼱣Ҹ˷ֹʹҩͻ˯ţʱٸ飬Ҫǲʹֹסʹ˵ġ
ԭˣ˼Ҵˡ
˪ӱ㲻ٿʱ̹עĶ
ԼŮһɵӣͷҲһŮһλˣʧʮһ꣬Ҳֵˡ
-

112 

־͹ڣһ˵˺ð죬ȴﴫ˳ϵĲҽһá
Сӣ֪ʲô𣿡
Сùôģ˵ֹʹ˨ܹͨ͸ʱʹоͻʧ
Ȼ磬ûһȴ˵ˡ
·纰˼ûӦĵ˼£ֻϵѾ˳˯ҷ΢
Сùҵ˯ˡ
·ż˳
˼úÿ佱һ·磬ȴڼѪʱɵ˺ü
˪ǵһ鴤һס·ʵôѪ
ҸղʹľеҲ֪Ҹ־ܽͷѧ깦򡭡õô
û¶ܳʲô⣬ҵʱһƾˡ
˻ֹ֪ʹ˨Ҫŵ˼æ˳·˪ĶԻʱĳų·缷˼۾·ᣬ㲻پʹ¶˵һ仰
ôˣʱһƵġ
ĿǰʹֹסˣʲôҪ
ɩȥ׼ԵģҶˣȳ극һҪϸļ顣
ţŹǰǾȱˣû뵽ֵ˾ˡ
˵˪ۿֺˡ
ϲ˪һɵúǳ޿޿ޣ֪ޣ֪ĻΪĺɥأ
ô˵أ
˼˵˷Щ
ǴˣɩΪ磬ӵɷ
ֻԼĸܾЩˣ˼æ˪˵˪ֻǵĹͷˣԺһú˵
ûµģȥˡ
˪һЦ뿪СԺ
˼̾һɩƢ̫ˣҪǻ͸ԼϹˡ
ԺȥվҲǰ취
˼ʯϣڳ·磬ϴֺȥνĲ˹ˡ
˼Ҳף·أˣܱõ̬Ҳʵס
࣬·ڸԺ˵Ų˹ʱüͷֱ塰⺢ӣȫ̻ˡ
ʲô¶ȥԹɩɩǸˣ̰ҲٴЩǰˣ˼Ҳġ
˼ŵ⹤
ǸƢ˭ĻΨŮ̬Ĺۡ
Ůдңǿĸӣ硢硢ҿǺüûмˣ֪˻ˡ
˼Ƕʵ
ڲȶʮһͣȥɻһ͵ˣڣļңҲҪϺüµʱ䣬ôһȥģȻҲͷ˹ҡ
ǷݶԼ˵˼ļܸ¹;ɣ
Ϊ֮ʣ˼ҪߣֻеǷҡ
˼һҽļ磬뷨
һѡԸ⵱ͨˣԸ⵱ࡣ
϶࣬ͨʲôõģµµΪһӣû˼
ȻˣҪѧ֮࣬Ǿ֮࣬Ϊҵĸ֮¡
˼仰Ͱĺ˻춼ϲס
ѽ˵ŮСްȻѽ
ֺǣ˪Ѿ緹˹
˼緹С˻ɫ㣬˲θڴ󿪡
ɩȥѷһ԰ɣ
š
˪ĬĬسŸԺȥ
˼гһ˳극󣬳˼һԼļ˶⣬˭ýȥ
˼Ҳҩռ䣬СѾˣϵĽʹȴǿԼҵүҲҩռ䣬æ㽫ͱˡ
С㣬үôҲ
ˣǼҵһһƣ˵ȥ㣬챣ǳ¼彡ˡ
ҲǣʱҸһȥ
С仹ǺۣҲĲ˱飬Ա۾˯һ˯ˡ
˼ʼΪCTȽ󣬳˼һĶҪΪ֮
ĶﳤһƻСףƺĸ档
컹Ҫȥһ˳ׯ⵽ţһܹʱ̸Լҩռ䣬Ȼеˡ
о硣
˼ķ߳ɩš
˼ˣ
˪ǰһץס˳˼
˼ЦЦ˵ްұơ
-

113 ˮ

˼϶˵жأ˵ҪΪʸȡΪ˵ֻļ޿ֻ֮С
˳˼仰˪
ŮҲæһˣߣһԷȥ
ϵķСԺｫһ£緹ǲˡ
˼˵ͷڳ˼˪ýЩ̫Ծǣ첽ߵ˳˼ʵ˼ôѾСأ
С仹ţҽ緹ȥ˾СŶˣҲҪԶˮҲȣơ
˼һٽ˪
˪ЩҲ˼ĻԱ㲻ԣֻҪû¾С
緹˼ͻصԼķϢ
ͬʱ͵ҩռСԣС첲ֻܶιСԷ
СжޡС㣬ʵ̫ˡ
֪ãͱޣһҾͲ
˼Ц٩С䡣
СٺһЦлķûҭ
˼״æݹȥһˮСһڲŻ
С㣬˯ĿɰˣʱһܿЦأ
ǣԴĶȡˣ˯϶ƽʱ˲١
˼佱С۲ϸ΢ţͻȻ˷洫һŵĶ
С䣬ŲҪҶҸóȥˡ
Сȥæɣ
СӯӯһЦݱС㡣
˼ҩռ䣬ͼһķתתȥ
Ǻˣ
˼һַֻУʵѾסֻһܿ˵ء
С㣬ҡ
ȡϵ֡
˼ź˰Σ˫鶯Ĵ۾·һӽʮǰ
ϡǵãΪ۽˺չˡ
һĻǴˣֻЯ˰Դûټˡ
ҷҲǸҺ˵κΰýҷ䣿
С㣬Ҳ֮٣ҼҺӽ˯ѣͷ̫ҽ˲٣޷ҼҺڿȥɣ֪¾ҼҺ
ԣĿǰǲȥģҼҲ˵Ҿȣ㲻⣬ͰҺסҺҺ
˼һǿ
һϲ˵ͷȥΡ
˼˦˦ͷôˣ¶ûнԶˡ
˼Ϊ¶֪ҪŮʱ켤ˡ
˽ɨһҲӭӺĴݣ
˶ҲһУæʲôѽ
˼ƲͽẮøȫͺһһ˵ˣڻڻ飬Ҳ˵ʲô黹ǰ϶أǰϼݱӵǻָ˹ţǵ
Ͳˣǿ¿üһڱ˵ģӰںĿеĵλģʱ޹ȥ϶úô㡣
˵š
˼ֻͷˣԼϲɣһʱŮӵĻɲԼġ
޸޸ˣǱȢ檡
ɿλתһ뵱ҲϾϵ⺮Ҳ̫
ܿ죬͵ฮȴİý̧ġ
˼ûйúİ͵ķ䡣
˼ȥķ䣬ҩռ󣬾˺һķ棬֮󣬳˼ֻصԼķ䣬ð棬ʵǵ˴ǵĵ˷ʱ򣬽ʱⲻһʡ
˼˵ѣÿ˵һλţҪöֻʵܹˡ
罫һж赲⣬УҲһġ
СҲˣС㣬ôˣ
жҿɸ㰡ͱʵˣڸƵĹвܱţ롣
˼С˵󣬾ͰСӸ
ҪͬʱǲԱ֮ǸƼ˲ãС䡣
ѾƶƻǿȻ
ںҪһϵеļ飬嵽׳ʲô״
˼ǸһѪѪҺл󣬲ʱ˽
˼ϵݣüͷ
ھȻˮٵȥֻڶڻԽԽֱ࣬忸סĿǰ״
-

114 

ֻ¶֮ˣ˰ѿˮֲú϶Ǽܹġ
˼벻¶ΪĿǰǰѺڵˮҪ
˼û߳ķֱùѪҺڵѪˮ˵·Żڡ
Ȼ⻹ǵһˮ뼹裬ڶȡļ衣
˼ûĶܽѪҺһŻڡ
һʵʵľûˣοļ軹ˮ
˼ƾרҵ֪ʶΪ˵һһָֻҪߺһļ裬ʣµǰںӵ˼һ뺬ˮļͿԺûˮ¼໥ֱʧˡ
ֻڴ֮ǰҪٶֻŹǣҲҪϰꡣ
˼ҩһûʲôоģֻڶΪֹΪʹѹ˼ֽȫþõʵ󣬳˼һ֡
֮󣬳˼óһ֧רų鼹ĸ룬ڼ򵥵ĸļ󣬳˼׼˺мǿ鼹׵ǴĴȥ
͵ʹʹ
ñҶҪǰŪˣһٴһΡ
С㣬ڶԱʲô˵𣿡
ʵܲס׵Ǳ˴̴ʹҧأһͬĵĳ˼ܹɪɪ졣
û취ⲡֻôΡ
ټһͺˡ
˼һѶͷϵĺԼĪһʱ󣬳˼ڽǸӺļ׵ϰ˳
صһȴ⣬ʶȴҪǰ껹ҪѲ١
С㣬ǱС㣡
š
δȺѻ꣬˼ָһ
ڿû뺮˵ͬҪơ
˼ȥ䣬ϴ˸衢һתΪ
˼һһȥĶӾС׵һʱͳһѪ
СʱСһУܵιȥ
ĶƤɼࡣ
˼Ϊڵ׻û뵽ֻһͨİ壬ֻǺļѪţδ೤һ
˼һı˲١
Ľڵժ罫ƤϺãԼķϼ˿ڵľͷһƯĺᣬ㳹¶
˼֣򿪱һƿϣպһڣ
ҽȥҪ
ˡ²ܴӦ
ūҿǲ
泳ֲͣ˼ԼбҪˣҲһϻʲô
˼ҩռ䣬ﻹƿӲӽǰװĹϣȻȴܻʲôһˮ
ʲôϢȻظ
˼򿪷ţһ߽ͣһߺϡ
˼Ȼ㰲
˼ǰκ˽ȥ𣿡
ǡ
ų˼֣൱𾴡
һĻڼоķ̣ǺĲ˼˵ݣվδúѾͷ磬ƾʲôܹõء
˼ż߽żŮɢļϢʣǼϲһжϡ
ϲŭ֣Ǳʲôڼű߻һõ˺չ֡
̸̸ɣ
һڳ˼˼һ֡
˾˼ֱӿżɽĬʲôϵ
㡭㶼֪ˣ
Ǻ˵ġ
˼ааһЦʵϺδʲôЩĸ˵ġ
ڲޣҪҲֻǼȥ޺
֪𣿡
һʬ⣬ͨһ˵ϡ
˼״ֻúϷϾҪˡ
֪֪Ĭٯٯ顣֮ûɱ㣬ȫǿķϣһͻҪΪɥŮ֮ʹ˵ӡ
˼ӮˣӮˡ
ȻЦЦЦֿʼʡ
ʵͦĽģи磬ֶһͳ˧ûأջڳ֮Ͽľǳ¼κáִãңΪеĳŮҵǧãϣܼ޸һȨ˼ңôл
-

115 ֢

ҵǳ˺ĲأڶںǰǲĵܵԼ䣬ϣҵܵܽһƷ٣ܲ볯֡һɵȥ˵˵ҵ룬Ϊ˴£ҵͲΪŮˣ֮գֵ˶Ƽұฮ⡭ 
Խ˵ԽģԸɺ
˼üĵȷʵ·Լѡģ˭Ҳֲá
˵𣿻˵ص㣬ȻҾȵҲˡ
˵ʲô㡣
һӵվ
һγ˼˸ŵ飬Ժݡ
ʮһǰʱ򣬳ĬѾ˽ҩļҩˣ֮ԻԼҩԣȫȫܵ˳ĬĹƻ
أԼԽԽڼҩֻҪһ첻ԣȫ᲻Ǹо͸һĶʳһ
ûа취ֻȥҩ򣬺ҩûˣĬ߼˵ҩȫˡ
㲻һҩȥҩ֮գҲǳ˼С䱻ץߵĵڶ졣
Ĭ˼һְɫҩƬּҩ״ҳĬ˵Ƶļҩ
ָ֮ܵĸоʧˣȴҲһ·
ĬҩҪһΣȻͻľѣˡ
Ŷҩڲ˲Ծ
ʼֹͣҩͷ컹ûʲô˵죬ĬĪľͶԳĬ˵κλƴӡ
ԴˣȻڳҩͬʱԼŮݰĬڵĳĬΪԭָĸҩ֮һ
ǰóĬɹ뺮췹
¶ͲܷģǳĬڲƭ˵СϢʱֻһĬ
˺˵ƣȺʻڷ֮ϡ
󣬼ɹ˵˲λá
Ĭû˵Ϊΰ㣬ֻüڲӦļɡ
ˣĬҼ㣬ĬĹϵưˣֱڣˣǳĬǰ˿һݡ
˼ĳԼһ˿è塣
ǺϵĶµģ
ʲôж𣿡
˲۽ǣֳһʮֵĵӡ
˼ûٻɼϷϾһշްնĳ˼ŵġ
ǼµģǾǳĬںа˱ˣ¶֮ˡ
һϵ󣬳˼ԱͬĿһۼ㣬óһҩ
ǽҩ㲻ܳĬơǳĬҩ㻹óԣҩȳ˳ĬģٷãҲһΡҩˣ㵽þǡ
ôСǡ
Ϊӵõ㼴ӹ˳ĬģŹ㣬㱳źǲ֮£ҪͨҲˣǻ׹ݣս壬˵㻹ô
ԭСĬһˣҲмҽҩҲΪʲô
㽫ҩװú󣬱뿪ฮ
˼ʵͦģҲһأһε
˽ⷬ棬˼ǳװĹϵļ˺ҲֻüβˣΪƼöԷԼԸ飬ǳĬᣬһϵƶᰲֲ١
ֻ˼ǣĬĿʲô
Щʱ򣬳˼ŵ㣬ںҪ֮ʣҩռ˳
һյ׼ʱ۾
û˲٣Ǿе㷦
ˣ˾Էɣ
˼ꡣ
ŷһǿȥֻϰ˸ֲȣ˳˼֮⣬һʮС
磬Сù˵Ҫ죬ƶҪɲõĹŽˡ
·СĿ
˼Ƭ̣Ȼ뵽ʲô´ڳ˼һλ¡
˵ˮ
㻹㱿һ飬㸮еķճˮʱҪˣҪǲÿٷֱҼҲ䣬ҵҲܿĵġ
ǵãôҲһүܵ󳼼Ҳ䷹˵ıע⡣
ˣȴ˼˻ȥ
ŹǣǵĹҲһҪɾ
ԣ⣬һȦζ
治ԣ
˼һԵĳ·缷˼۾
·һСùøĹ֭ɤ˵磬ڽİڣһٶ벻ŹǣĹ裬㲻ԣڵˮ޷׸㻹ǻֶ෽֢
-

116 ·

ʲô֢
죡
˼
֪жǶʵڲùò˺̬ΪҪˡ
ΪѵļһһŹǳƺζôѳԣһ飬ּһ顭
˼״ЩεŹǲóԣȡˣǳӲУʹฮȥ
ˣֻСʱĸ˵ŹǲóԣûгԵģԭǱĸ󲻰Źǡ
ҲĸĻҪȻʮ꣬ҲͷһسŹǣ񻹱һδɵСѾͷЦʵЦ
˼֪ܾûǸĬһĵĳķ
󣬺ûżظ˼Ķų˼
˼ϵĹ֭һ˫۾صź
ôˣ
룬һʮ꽫ǵŮô˾˵ҽ
ʦ̵ĺãʲҲҡ
˼ֱӣԼ¶һҲ
˵ɣ㻹Ҫʲôͳͳܸ㡣
˼֮ǰ˵ֻҪκὫĲƲʵֲҪˡ
˼;ãܿͻ޵ʱһг綼ģҪĻٸˣĻǵúᵽһ־磬ǿɲɡ
ջ֮ǰĻξ͵˳ָβûʲô¶Ļ뺮ЩظЪţ˳úòһ鸮еˡ
˼ų·Ҫȥ
һǣס˳˼󡰱պɵĻԼ
պ󡭡
˼Сһ
üģǲԸ⻹ɾүڻ飬ǵ˻ҲһƭĴ
ʲôɾҪɣ
˼»ų·ҲƵܳ˷䡣
·粻Щ飬ֻǾСùܺ죬ֺ̡
Сùñˣǰǽ
·̧ͷͼһǽڵСùõǰСùûͷǰܡ
ҿ˼Ӧ죬ʱɲס˲ӣҪȻ϶ΪСֶЦ
Ůʮǲе簡
СùѾˣȢǺ磬ʼãȢ׶ѡʮϵŮӡƽռңʮŮӶǺüӵˡ
˼
˼û˵仰˼ʮ꣬ʵѾһϹˡ
Ҳ̫ˣʮ嶼ûгȫʱ򻹲ѵʻ䡣
Լȥ棬ҵҺ˵һ¶
Ŷ
·Сùýֲ֣ʣֻöСù÷һܵӰ
ȳ˼ص䣬ֺѾˡ
ѵҪȥһ˺𣿿һŮô˼˵
ȥ˼뵽
ǣ˼ȥ鷿
ԼıŮˣæվѯʺͺദΣ
˼˵ͷС
ʲôлУ⺢Ӿ򲻰˵Ҳ䣬һЩͻᷢ˺ܺõġ
Ȼô˽⺮Ů޸ˣʱס
˼֪˵ʲôҿ
䲻ľͱŮͨ׵⽹ۣ뷢ȴֵ˺Ů飬ǲ͸оǺ￨һֱӬܡ
˵˵Ϊʲôף
˼ȶ㽫ҽѧ齲һ
˼Ϊʡǿû뵽˵ȻᶨԼĹ
ڣʼǧڼӭȢǵŮΨȴģʵߵǲˡ
ûУҾǲף뿪
һҪ˵ģȻ꣬ձȥ뺮£Ը⣬ǰΪҲҪϻΡ¶ȫ۶˶֪Ǿʹ¶ҵҪҪˣ˭𡣡
ĲᣬŮ᲻ô
˼˻ңֻĻصԼķ䡣
ȥŮҽŮӣ˸ȢฮС㣬Ͷ˻飬ʮҪޣүǿ˵Ц
С㣬ˣ
ʱ˼ҩռдСк
˼һϲˣζܿչһˡ
˼ҩռ䣬ڴϵĳ·ĺõС졣
·˿ԼŮˣæ֡û뵽ҵŮȱ£ȻԴ۵ĽԽԽѣջ˯ĸоˡ
-

117 ͷ

ܺúõģҲͷˡ
Ŷˣѽⴲ˯ͦС˵ⴲԶҲ֪˶ã󱳶ˡ
һǳķ䣬Ϊ˸β⽨ġţ
˼Ӧ֮ߡ
ߵİָǰҡ˼£ʹӴ
·˾棬ҲǼʲôطĵŴѵʱ⡣
ڶϣ˼˯ˣͰתƵԼķ䡣
һʼҲҩռϼ죬ǣŴţҲ֮˼İԼϣΪ˱ҹζ࣬˼ֻýͳ
ָĲֻҪƽձȥͷմˮٰʱҩƾûʲôˡ
С䣬˼ʱϾҲҪ˶š
ϣ˼˯һȾ
磬˼ˣǱѵģС侪ʧѵġ
˼ҩռ䣬պÿҪӴ
磬ϻ˿ڣɱҶѽ
ãé
С޻Ǵޣ
ССޡ
ϾЩݣܹоӵ˿ڣһһۡ
Ȼ֪öʲôҶȴʵ
˼һòǴޣȻеѰ졣
󣬳˼һҽƹóһɫҹ磬ɣ
ʲô
ļ˽ɫ
˼һЦȻҹѽȳȥ𼱹
˼һСصԼķ䡣
С㣬үҲˣҾͲô˰ɣ
ţ緽꣬ҾͰҲʱ㡢˺ƿܻ鷳һЩΪҪܣֻҪǶܺúõģҾ֪ˡ
С㣬պҪӭȢˣСֻκԺҪټ鷳ˣ
˼鲻һСᵽ͸ڴ챻һˮһܡ
ҹͬ⣬϶ҪȢ븮
˼Ĵ㣬ⱲӶҪ˵ģޣһüޡ
ֻĿǰǲ뺮ͬģԣҲͦмܳΪúô
СҪԸ⣬͵ҵѾ߰ɣ
ţСȥҾȥū澾С㲻Ҫˡ
СǾ͵ų˼仰СԸһ̣Ǽʡ
ֻղͬ븮˿ڻδã绹׾ʵʵĴڸҲȥˣٽ㵽
˼һҲԼûʱ绹СƻҩΪƾҩռ䣬ںฮ֮ȥɡ
С˵ͷȴůˣⱲӶҪС㣬ûС㣬ûڰݵ
˼˯ź󣬽ҲͻԼķ䡣
ǡ˪԰лصԷ˼Լ˼ĺ๫󣬱һҪޡ
˼׼ʱ˪һƣ˪æס
֮󣬳˼˪߳˷䣬̸á
ɩĶӲմˮҲµ߶Ķ
˵Щɩÿһסˣ㣬ձҪ޸ԺҪһƶˡ
˪˲۽ǣжԳ˼ѷ֡
˼ݸһЦɩҼңͻ˭Ҳɡ
˵˸ңƼʲô
ģţûǻƼҡ
˼һ߶˪һа,ϹȻʲôÿӣûӾ͵ʧȥһС
컹ɵʱ򣬳˼ѾӴ
ʱ⴫һϸ΢
˼ȥȴǿѾ߷á
СȥȰȰ˰ɣҪ㷿Ϊͷ
ھȥ
˼ǲԼ̤һͷʲôĶС¶һ˿ڸȾǿǺ鷳ģϾ˿Դϡ
˼ȥķʱѾڷˡ
㿴Ҿ˵ŮģϹʲô
ŮҵŮ
·ڴϣͷϻźһ˿ȴ޵ޱȵġ
ɱޣԴ˿δϣĸˣ
˼˻һ
൱ס˳·˵͡ϣǴһŮⲻǺúõʲôޡ
·һѧſסԼ
Żû죬Ҫ뿪ңܲ𣿡
·־˲޺˵۽ǡ
-

118 ûб

˼ʲôһᾭġ
ǿɲУ޹ȥ÷̺ǣ˿˻Цġ
·ץ˼һһĦš
˼˵ͷֻҪ㱻˿ˣǱ˵ʲôȥ˵ɣ
ĸͷӻǵͷõģ˲֪꣬ͷպŮ֮գͷ
˵ţ·˱㽫˼һͷ㷢ʼһһµţһᣬһ߻߶ŵе˳
һᵽβᵽ׷üᵽأᵽ롭
⼸ǳ׶˳˼ıһᣬЩס
δһ죬Լ޵ʱޣΪӦõһ졣
ޣİ۾ˣʱͲÿˡ
·ĳ˼ļ
˼һŬƽԼ
ڳȥ͸ߵʱ˵̣˫ǵ۾˳
ôһŮƽʱһȴҪˣ㲻ᣬȻˣЩʲô
ŮܸһӣԼԼĺӡԼļͥǵǽŮ
ʱฮǰȳ˼Ҫĳ·ܵſȥӭӺˡ
һƥһúľɵľС
·ſ㳯ų·֡
磬˧
·ܹȥźһͨͿ䡣
н˳·СǱҹƳĺװøСùðɣ
Ŷ
·ת˸
ʱ·ѾΪ˼ͷ
ϰףΪ޵Ů׼ͷΣΪ׼װﲻôЬӣɱϻΡ
Ҳи˵ҴͷŽŮңϣܹƴŮ
·װ˼󲻴Сոպʡ
·ǰ̬֮Ůһᣬ൹ǵģһվķ조СԼķ䡣
ǣү
Ҳ˰ᣬȻûźС㣬СԸͷÿһ˶ܺãСҪˣζţԺҲټһСˡ
˼ŷԼķ䣬ûһڵ͵˳˼СԺ
˼ɵý졭㡭㻹𣿡
ǱӭȢӣֲѾߡ
Ļ˼С൱һͨ
ЦЦ俴˼ںͷ֮µǹƾҲܲµ˼һŵ顣
߹ȥ˼˱
ǰĺܼһһߺȡ˶Ұѽ̧ȵඣĵģжȫʹ
ȻǹܼҵĻá
ų˼ɲǣ䶼챻ˡ
˵С㣬ǽĴӣɷ羰أ
˼ȷŵ󣬹ܼһɤӡΡ
˼һȣЩԴľϡ
˵ĽӻóȻе㲻ϰˡ˼ţȴ˳˼
ó˼Ӧöûи飬ͦϲСѾͷһܲܵ˼ǰ˵Լϲɣ
ԼĪʱ󣬽ͣ˺Ĵ⡣
ѾڸӽҲ£ɤӣŽӺΡ
ӱķ˵ϣĳ˼ڶˡ
ţ˼ӽ汳˳
Ӽ裬պ𡭡
Ҳ˵仰󣬳˼оԼֻŽӴ˵档
㣬㲽һӻϿȥ
š
˼Ӧһͷϵĺͷ̫ѹµ
Һкһѣ˼оյĿ˻衣
˼ɻǣյĺЩ档
ʺͶȥ⻰ʼû˵
ɰء
ӵٶ
ţ˼ļͱһֻСְϹ
ԽԽֵĳ˼ԸԼ޸һүҲŴʱ˿ɻǺ
غ󣬳˼ͱ˫СŽ˷䡣
˼ϣҲ̲˺棬ͷԼ˿վԼǰǼ󣬳˼ʱ;úǶġ
ղҡ
ôˣɶǹѽ!֪𣿡
סЦЦ
Цݿڳ˼УȻһ˿졣
ıͶȥˣ
㲻֪
ͻȻ
-

119 ˽

ʲô
˼ҡҡͷ
˿̣ЦøӲҸ㣬Ǻĸ׵ͲŽйˡ
ȻĸĵӭȢңʵ̫ˡ
˼ӵϵĸͷŭıߡ
״ЦˡΪϲ㣬ұҲˡ
ǼǵãӭȢʱǿǰ̧ΣеĴȫò˵ү˹
˼ֺᣬˣܵҲʵ
㱾Ϊ˼һͻһ룬Էûʸ
˼źͣߣһȦ۵ĲᣬȴİӰûƼ
պһѾ;ڴˣ˼æסѾߡأ
ôܵˣ
㺮أ
˼ҧأŵѾͷ̧
Ǹ
˼ĵǣܾɣ춼ˣҪһʲôĽ͡
Īƿš
Ѿ߼˼Ҫȥţֹʱ򣬳˼ȻŴ˿
ѾŵðȾܣл룬Сסˡ
˼߽Ƿ䣬ʱͱһƵΧ
ӣⲻôĺһף
ڳ˼ɻ֮ʣĺһСײһʲôϡ
͵Ťͷһɫľϻӵĺ
㣬Ͳܳѽ֪˻˵𣿡
֪ݱ֪ĵӿǺܴġ
ͻȻɢɱ֮˼ͣˡ
㡭Ҫʲô
Ȼˣ͹ĸס
ֹסߵһŷǰϵľϻӷȥ󣬱һȥ

ų˼֡
˼Ĺ˻һĻе㰵ƣ뺮ͬʱһװôⶼֲֳǻֳѽ
˼ǵ˰˱ùҹﻹԼжôôˣȴôһϲ
˼С鲽ߵ˺Ķס˳˼°͡
ñúƣ
ʲôҾͳûĲƯ
ţűĸ׻ϲġ
ûлش˼⣬
˼鲻ԽĴ˴Ѿ˼Ƥĸ첲
󣬺ǰľϻƵ˳˼ǰ

ʲʲô
򿪾֪ˡ
˫ֵЦӯӯ
ܳ˼Ѿ˱ˣĴ㣬ʼû뵽ľϻӵһ̣ļ˺ĸףͬʱҲ˽⵽˺ıҹȥԼĸ׵һ
˼СĴľϻӣȻǰȴһɫŮͷ
ͷġ
˼ãȴûзӵ죬֮ܳƣ滹жһ
㲻𣿡
һżͷʲôµġ
˼ƲƲ죬Ҫúһʺʲô
ڣһ죬˼ǰͷ˻ȥȻڻԼľϻϡ
ⲻǼͷǱĸ׵ͷݺԭʷϿ̷ˮͷǹǹȥ˻ڻŵʱˮͨѪҺȫϵʱֻҵ˱ĸ׵ͷ
˵գ˼ͷֶڷ顣
ǲˣؼǣˮ˻ŵʱԴȥ˲̵ֶεܲ
ֱ֪ȻӭȢ㣬ǣĸڱСʱ˵ˣҪűȢϱű
ǼҲĸˡ
˼һĭ˿ֻ뿪䡣
Ǳˣýбĸʲô
šǼҲ𣿡
˼һ飬ֻȥ˽ĺϵģʱɣ
㲻κﶼȥôˣᣬͷֱ̬
ûУ˵ˣĸףֻῴűӭȢޣΨһޡ
Ψһϼ˿˼پһů
Ȼ棬ǣҲûм˵ףѹͲϼݣͷǼ
뵽һ㣬˼ƽˡ
߰ɣ
ȥ
ľϻӷźúų˼ߡ
˼ЩԸԼĸ첲ںУƾҲ޼¡
߹ȴɽʱһ¥֮ء
˼Χľɫ˸ȥҲȻʮһǰˣطṳ̂
-

120 

½𣿡
ţרΪ㽨ģԺס
ָָͣλм¥
˼¥ȥһľźᴩأҲͨľŵ¥
¥ʮ־ɣС滹ʵĺˢߣһܰСҡ
м¶˵
˼ͦжģȻ˵Щ黰Ƕĺãû뵽ΪôһƯ¥
ԽԽΡ
˵ɣǱڡ
˼һȥǾҽʱ¶ſ
ȹŴˣڶе㲻˼ˡ
һûʮʱ򣬲Ҫҡ
˼˵ͷ
ڵȴĻظãûԷظ̧ͷʱպײ˫⡣
ΪΣ
Ϊ
˼ҧŴһ۽
ûмڷ˼ǵһ䡰ֻеĳŵȢ㣬ûЩ飬ģΪ룬᷸ɵġ
˼⻰ʱͺˡ
ΪƵ18꣬Ѿõ޶ȣû뵽˺ѹû飬⻹Կأ
Ŷá
˼һѹһѾˣھͿܺúõںסˡ
ͻȻ뵽컹ҪסԼС任ҩƣ˼ֱӶҩռฮԵ̫СΪһ¥Ϊܴ󷽷Ļȥ

š
Ҫȥ绹Сһƣܻᵢʱ䡣
ȥɣֻҪ̫ɽУͬʱҲպճĹأǸ˻δңֱӰؽ䣬һ겻
˫ֱ󣬾涼˲١
˼Ͳʲô⣬صĵ˵ͷ
ģһʱؼҵġ
˵꣬˼ϲȵһװͳź¥˽ȥ
ۣҪؼȥʲôȥƣ뵽Լ˵ǷгŵĻûǰתȥ˱Ժ
˼ûоȴһλ˽¶Ƽˣƶ˵˾ϳɻ飬ֻȥġ
˼¥󣬷һ㡣
һס˵ķ䡢һɫľҾ߹ɫ㣬вʻڷĸ䣬һ֪ﾭ˴ɨ
˼Ȳ˶¥¥һɹϢ򣬰ڷżΣＸһ
Ǹĵط
˼һڶ¥ʿ̧ͷȴǿ뺮ڱԺ
޳ƾһУǼʹ˹ȥ
̫죬˼¥ܸоڷ
˼˶ӣֻȫļƤҪˣû鿴ѵ㣬ǻȥҪ
һ¥һ˼ฮĺš
Ϊ˲Ŀ˺š
һʱ򣬳·綼ںŵСԺ͵СĦС
ܿ죬Ÿ˴򿪣·ԾĶСùáСùôˣ
ѽС
˼һ³·Դ
·ίŶһСùõķ䡣
ȳȥţκ˽
˼ͻȻԳ·
·˾죬˳ȥΪʲôСùôء
лˣһҪס
˼˯ˣе㲻ģĸ첲ϴһ¡
Ϊʹ۾ȴһֱ۾
󣬳˼ҩռ俪ʼΪ绻ҩΣС䡣
ҲǰķеģС䣬ȫġ
˹ϵκСжĿС㡰С㻹ĳ
˵ʲôأǿɶҪˣܷŲ𣿡
˼߽С䣬ľ͸С
С˵ĸôأ
С㣬޽ȥֲңô֪
С䳯ų˼һۡ
˼һҲô⻰˼ҲˣҪҸѰһ¡
С䲻ҪСҪԶСߡ
СͷѾ̲סʼˡ
˼ĵǣС仹һõѾߣΪ̫ˣ˼Ų뵢
ˣźԼ꣬ʱ˾Ͱ޳ȥҲǶһݸл
йﲻ˵ģĳ˼ܲˣС䣬ܵס
˹λҩ󣬳˼㽫͵˸Եķ䡣
-

121 Ѿ߶

һ鶼󣬳˼̧ͷ˿գˡ
ܲԷģ˳·һʳ󣬾СֶܣϢ
·ɵĵ˵ͷ׻˵ĺã˼ҵ˼ҵ̣ڲˣˣȻվСùߡ
˼װӺߣ·罫ŹϺ󣬳˼һص¥
˿ԼһĺװܾٴȥǲףߵĹǰӴ˿
û뵽Ѿһӵ·Ҷʮֺ
ѡһɫȹӴϣžӳ˺һſϰݡ
ˡ
ʱһ˳˼˼·
˼⺰˭ѽ
Ѿ߱ңū緹
Ŷ㽫緹ɣҲȥ
е˵ˣҪǽв㣬ū澾Ͳûˡ
˼üԸѣҪһ
ˣ֪ˡ
˼һ󣬱߳˷䡣
бҵѾ߻վţ˼ߵҸǰһСѾͷֵģɷǿɰĬࡣ
˼һ۾;ñͦģʶʵ꼸ˣ
ū澽꣬˵ūź̫ѾƲϡ
ţ˵ˡ
˼ӵűҡ
СߵҪĪ˵ˣһ߶ܡ
ܴȲϵġ
˼ȥͻʱ
󣬳˼ֽķ˾Ȼȫصġ
δ꣬Ҳ˵ֱｫ˼š
ɣ
˼ں˸λ¡
˼к͸˲ӬƵģŵĿ
ΪʲôܽҲܣ
ΪǲѾ߶󡣡
Ƶһ仰µļࡣ
˼ȴֿ˻һ䡰Ѿ߶󡣡
ⲻ˵ǸѾ
һıһûסЦһĻڼǿ·ϡ
дһѾҲҳЦ
վ־͸˱һơ
˼СһȴǱҵӡӡ
ʲôأһֻһӡ
˼ʮֲִ
ãұҲиеĹأ˵ģѾ߶ҰĸѾ߾ʹĸѾߣ˵˵ģղû𣿡
㡭
˼ôһ¶
˼磬ǴӸҡ
Ȼҵ¥ңһٺúÿ
ǣ
ҴʼնûеһᣬûбֳһӦе״̬⵹˼ӵĵ
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ɨһǰŮˣڣǰ˿ǰòɿ
˼һԷ
ȴͻȻվãе㲻ȻطЪˡ
š
ÿ㣬˼һԷ
ú޲ýһҧ飬޲ܽ˼һ٣иʺϳˡ
ߺ󣬳˼ÿҲˡ
ĲҲ̫ˣǸûǮ˰ɣ
Ǳĸ׵ļգܳ⣿
Բˡ
˼ͷЩΪ顣
һӶ˼˼һ׵Ķʳ
һζɵʵʱȻ뵽˺ˮ֮顣
ǣæܳȥĲµһ֦ҶïĴ档
ɷǷѽĸ˳ôˣ
Ҳ֮ǰжˡ
˼˹͡
Ϊ˼һˮˮ˼ҲҺȣһ뵽Լ¥Ѿһ裬еڲѡ
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˼ҩռһˣƭ˵Ҫȥé㳯éķȥ
˼շתҩռ䣬һǩӿǻڹһ㶹࣬Ȼõ΢滯顣
ԼĪһյĹⶹ溬ˮʮССʮΰٴһ궼£ɾ˵ˡ
˼һºжֽһʱ䣬¶֮ٸʮĶ
ģҪǳӣһ첻Ҳж
뼰ˣ˼Ϣߺ
éֺվš
ȥôãΪéأû
ЩĿų˼
˼һЦЦһ㶼Цζ
-

122 Ļ

Ҿеϻ𡣡
˼ðôһڡ
ûнӻǽϳ˼ֻص
Ǵ˼ҲҳϵķҪӣæִꡰԣĶ㡣
˵ķж
ţˮС൱ôһεÿ㶮ȻˮֻҪһˮɱʮͷţ
˼ĵĽš
һپ󼹷Ѿ˳ӣȫ˶һ飬ôܻж
ǲ¶ų˼˵Ļ
żа취ҳǸ¶֮ˡֻҪңټԺ
ã
һҲһ򣬾Ͱȫµ˽еһ𣬳˱Ҹû֮⣬Ķˡ
˼Ѿ׼廨룬廨һһķɢˡ
ɢϺ󣬳˼ߵǰ˵ֵʳָĴָס廨롣
һһΪǵ൱ڶˡ
˼Ĳ㿪ʼһһѲӣߵһ˵ĸǰ˼ֻÿԷ״һǣߡ
ȵ˶꣬ûһϸĺ󣬳˼е¡
ȷ˶ˣûи㿪Ц
ˣȥѱԼܼҽ
һ˵
ȥˣܿ죬һŹʮŮˡһһʮ˱㵽˳˼ǰ
˼һˣ˶һһ廨롣
ǡ
ֲԵĿ˼
ĴĴָʳָסС
΢΢һ㶣ǰճ˼ķˡ
˼һ΢΢ˡ
طЪŰɣ

ﳯźһŤͷʱ򻹲ų˼һۣһжԹֻг˼
ʣ¹ܼһ˵ʱ򣬹ܼƺǲµ˴š
ͨһͳź治ңҶ췢ģ¶Ҿ
˭˵ˣ
˼ܼҴӵϷ
ܼɻĿ˼˵Ȼ
˼ЦЦ˵¶˾ҷ
ⷹҳԣɲҽ֮ҾǻκһˣҲܻﰡ
ͿֲҷżӾ֪ˡĵһػǹܼңײںԺʱֶλ·Ҫȵɱ·ȵĶࡣ
˼
޵ԡƾһҲ֤µġ
ֵĻڷڣȻǳӴˮ¡¶Ҫõһ룬װˮƿҲÿζˮٸ¶ʱֲɱľͽӴˮԻڲŻڡǲţȥһķ䡣
˼ⷬúʼЩҡ
һϣһжġ
Ǽҵķ䡣
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Ҫ󷢴ȱ
ܼңĿҺҵķѽĵƵ𣿾㺮ĵĸҲᡣ
˼Ͼ
͵ں뺮ף۶˲֪˲һ˹ѣҪΪȫµЦ
ܼû˼˵Ե̾һ
ǰĺ˳˼ĻͷֻһůͬʱҲǧҪ
Ŵ֮ʣһߵڷϵʬŵó˼ˡ
졭
ȥС
ܼҼһͬڡ
˼һɫˣηɱѾˡ
ҵ𣿡
۾ŭģֱߵ˳˼ǰʢ˵Ŀų˼
˼ģôˣҪȻҲж
Ƿˮ롣
һͬеĻʱһСߵ˺ǰ
һӣЩܲˡȥˣɣ
˻ҪᣬǵĴ֮գļգ˵ģǡ
ҪǾûȻ¥ȥ
һ˫Ѫ۾ŵó˼ֱĭ
ܼе㿴ȥˣȰų˼ȥɣ
Ŷ
˼̾һһ
󣬳˼Źܼ뿪
-

123 ԷȤ

˼ܼҲŶߣ˼һֱʣΪκĸôã¶ά˼ôҲ벻ͨ
ܼҼԼüͷ֪꺮ĸײǺﺬĽ󣬶ңһչ˵࣬ԣĳ̶ֳϣѾﵱ
ǣﺦԼĺӵġ
˼ĸ㲻
ܼҼ˵ҲвѵĿ԰ɣҹˮţԶԶûô򵥡
˼ܼұֳһѧӣɵЦڵ֮ңǵ¶ʲô
ĺܣ뵱ϣıλǵ۶ǵһߣͬʱҲЩĶԣһʼͶԺ֣ҲЩǰ׼õļƻ
˼֪˵ƣڳɹ˶Դǹؼں飬ͽɺԼˡ
֪˼߻Լ¥󣬹ֹܼס˲ӣų˼һҪȥźһ
ȥȥɣ
˼˻һļҲûУȻЩڹܼҵɵ
գҪҺʥ˵˾ǻ֮գֻ֮ĪҲֻܽʹʱҲһоܵˡ
ֹʵڲһүóģЩʱúҸ˹ˣ׻˵ĺãĥǹҲ⡣
˼ܼԶ˱ҵţһƿ׵ҩ
һߣһߺҡ

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124 

棬˼ʱһˡ
һȻúֻᷢ𣬵һҲ⡣

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126 β

Щһƿ˼㡣
˼ҡҡͷΪʲôŷ֣Ƣе粻أŻ˿磬ȴԵӶ

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127 Ұ

ⶼ֪޵̫ҽǸɱˡ

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128 

ص˼Ϣһ뺮˵ҪฮԼ绹ԼСһơ
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Ĭ˵ͷ㿪ĵĴЦڲ͵͵ˣǺȢؼңֲңҲˣʮ֮һȲϡ

һߣ˼Ƕڲݴżһ˳Ϸ
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129 ƻ

˼ҪȼȻغȥĵһ¶˼Ѿ˯µĺ
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᲻̫ȱ˵㣬˺ôھӣͲ޵̫󣬳ȫ˯ž
ޱȵӭϳ˼˫۾ֻãӽ죬ĶԳ˼˽⡣
˼һЦԣҪҲֻǰˣǲѵ˸ϵôҲԪϣп϶Ҳвү£һŮˣ϶ͶһλүʲôģԲ̫á
ţ㵹ǻ룬¶š
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ĵһ۳˼ֻãԴЩϡŹֵ뷨һſҫĻƽ
˼Ŷһ֮ص뿪˺ķ䡣
һҹδ˯룬Ǹܿӻϡ׬ǮβܸˣɨһΣϰ
ؼİϣµһԺҪˣʡĳЩ۵
˼ҲʧˣһҾͶȵİ˱ࡣ
˼ϴϺһߺ࣬һ߿ҡȹ죬ҵѾ߾ҪˣʱҪ㣬û
ǲҪū𣿡
⻰ͨһ͸˼
˼ЩͷۣΪʲôЩ˶ϲ¹ûй
˭˵ģôɰôθڣôܲҪ㣬ϾЩˣﱾ𣿡
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ƺ˳˼Ļ˲ӵվ
ˣҸѾߵȻūĻūʵ̫ˡ
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˼ҪˡҲô⡣
ͣ˼ʱˣҷһļ٣Ъš
һСӣȻȥǳںҪż٣˵ͷͻȥˡ
󣬳˼ҩռУó
ֻ潫װõҩֲ鲻Ϊ֢״ҩҩ˼һСʱƣרΪġ
Ҳˣ·մӷͿЦӯӯĳķ˹

һ޹ǵߣ䷳˺ļ
§żһ·ų˼ĸ¥ȥʵڿǳһʵǡ
͸λȢȻҽһʡء
Ϊβ
ţ⣬ֻҪֺõ㣬
ааһЦ
ЦڼУһ˿ݣǣһ뵽ⳤʮһ䣬ͺ޲ýҡ
˵ʲôˣֻ˷Ҵõഺ
жݺݵ
ܿ죬뺮˳˼ĸ¥˼Ѿÿ϶˶룬ǳ˼ƳҩȥҺļƲߣȻ⻹ֻAƻBƻAƻʧܣֻͼµˡ
ߣôڲ浱Լฮǧ𣿡
һ߷˳˼һӡ
Ǽ㣬Цߵߡ
˼̲סи̾ʲôBƻѽAƻ㹻ʰˡ
ҡ
˼װ
ڼ㿴νǴģҪϺúͲǡ
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ϵӲһӣʶĵ
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130 

Уݺҡ
˼ˮ뵡
һδ˼˵Ը
СӣҲα
־Ҫ˼
˼㲻ǰ˼ơ
Ǽ㽫Լִˣֹͣĳ˼
˫ۣ޲ֱ㡣
¾ˣôûûȥң汾ȥһ˰ɣ
Ҫһ𣿡
ΪԼˣһƬɼˣҲֲʮһ˺
˼ż뺮һˣһĨĻȡ
غฮŵˣҲѾλˣֻҪȥһж˳µļȥ
˿̵ںȲ裬ŹܼĳŮˣжʱǧˡ
ѵڳλǽһġ
ߣȥӭӺ
࿪ĵĵȴŮֻ⺮λЦӯӯĿ
ϳμ
ǳźһ񣬱˺Ķ档
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Ŷ·ϲСŪ·ʶȥˡ
ţһ湻ݣֱӰѼѪȹȾ˺죬޷ǰ
ಢδɺĻ㿪ʼ뺮һЩļҳ޷ǶŮıΣ⡣
ֻ˵һֺãཥؾ˵ԼĶӡ
ܿ⣬ͼฮĹܼҼҴҵܵ
үˣиͽС㡣
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ൽ˼СԺֻฮĻһˣǸ˵ȴһֱżͷ
ΪʹͣشСſңſң
ɱ
඼ˣŮڿǲ󲻿ԣûףϺҺھվš
㣬ǳĬѽѵµɽ˺𣿡
ʱժϵĺڲ¶һźͳĬһģһ
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Ȼñǰ㱳˾壬˱˵ĺӣʵڲֵͬ顣
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ѾǾãŮôصĹϻὫּųնٴ
ʵϣϲŲļ£ϾҲûǸȨ
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131 ǱŮ

ظǽһģ˳˼һж˳˼
˼ȴȻУҺһδĺӣȻΪܣĺȴûй
˼ĴԼ֮ǰĻûгף¾ǱԼֱӴƤѪ˳ų˼һһ㻬䣬ɰѺŵòᡣ
ǱĴ㡣
ܺڣ֪Ӧñ㰵дˡ
񲻱Ҫ鷳ûˣȴ˺ġ
˼˺ĻУ޵ӣһһµ˳ų˼ļ
оԼľһֻèããޱȵֻ˳ëϣܰ
ν²Ż´ǧظ¶һҹ֮䴫۶ǡ
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û뵽ǣֻǲݲݽ˵˻̾˿ȴǰο
࣬Ԫϣ޵Ľɽ˽ܳĹףŮŮ㣬޲㣬һҪ壬޻Ϊҳıأ
ϣϳ֮֮
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Ҫߣȴתͷ˴˿Լˡ
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ûθڣס绹СҪô죿ǻȥжأ
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˼ЩΣСԽԽӽִŮˣСϸѧģǲ֪СҪĸˡ
С˵һŮ㲻СദͲ֪Сжá
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132 ̫ҽ

˼ฮסһϣ硢ﻹСúƺغ
ǲܹǻŵĵฮնˡ
˼󣬹˰ݱ㵽иβأһһ첻ȥϻΪָ°أشūƣūȥĺ˵ฮⶵתתģɰūۻˡ
ѽ¶һˡ
˼ָܹ͡
ܹͬĿһ۳˼ͷĶ֣Ҳˡ
ǰȻдǱһɣ
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ܹмӵĳų˼ٴһ
˼ܹûʲô仯ǰֻ̬࣬ȵת˲١
˼ܹһĵǣǱ߹Ҳ֪˹ҲûбҪȥͨˡ
˹˼ֱӱ˻ϵ޹
һ޹˼ŵ˿ŨҩζԽߣǿ˼ʮ¯ͬʱҩŨһڻΧ
ڴϣʱʱԼǱ飬˼ûϴ˿̶ʹġ
˭ŪЩŨ̵ģֲ֪֪ҪʿƷûЧֻûԽԽء
˼һֻ񣬻˿Ҫ˯ŵĻϡ
Щƣĳų˼ķ򿴹ˣڿǡ
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Ǿ͵˵ʲôǾʲô𣿿ȡ
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̧ͷһ۷䣬Ũ˴룬ȴڴ˿̺˲١
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̫ҽԺ̫ҽ
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ԽҪɢȥȶʱ̣δı̫ҽȴǸϿԶҩƻϵĿԡ
ͺñȣһ׵˳ԷҩһˣĪ˵βˣֻûϵĲ֢ԽԽء
ϼ˼öλ˵ʡǷҩʲô𣿡
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ϣ꣡
ˣǰվŵǺͨҽҪ֤ɣ
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㡭
̫ҽδǰСѾͷһЩ򵥵ĶһھҪ֢
˼Ҳ̫ҽḻ沿飬Ƕ׵ϴҩмζҩ
Ҷηŵһʲôã֪ϿԣȴڻϵҩӺҶ֪ҶҩЧʲô𣿺ҶȷȽⶾ֮ЧҩԺֻʺϷ֮ʹãһʣȶ˻顣
ҩȣԻϵĲȷкôǵε̫ˣҶѹ˵εҩЧֻһҩ¯лкܶ˵ҩ˵ףһˣԻϵĲô
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133 ҧԾ

ӱ飬ҼӽȥЩҩȻϣƻϵͬʱû彡˵Ժ֮Ҳͬûһ壬ôǱڵļƺá
̫ҽҲǲ˼˵ʱ򣬺޲ýǿ̽컨塣
˼ʱˣʲôۡ
㣬Ѭ֮Ǻ⣿
˼ִҽѧɲôģ̣ɣá
ߣͲˣҩľȥҩͨϵĺ뵽壬ȥ˻ϳҩʹ࣬û˯İȡ
Ŷǻ˯Ŀɷȣ
˼ͷЦӯӯĿϡ
ۣվͳ̫ҽȥһ豭̫ҽ໵ĽС
ѹûһ찲ȹ
ⲡΣҪһ̣ǰڶѽ
̫ҽͨһ˵ϣȴǼԼĹ۵㡣
˼̫ҽԴͻȻ⡣
ϣȻ̫ҽôѬ֮һЩֹѪ׵ҩҲַ̫ҽ˿ڣǰ̫ҽ˿ڲκδ
ţҲףͰ˵š 
ʹãẦġ
̫ҽ¼ˣһţԼ©ڶ
̫ҽôĵӣȻԼõķޣ޿ǻ̫ˡ
ϴŭҪ̫ҽʬ뷨
ʱ̫ҽһ˼ͻ˳˼
ϣҲǱΣĶӡȫ°ˣ˵Ǿͻһһɱҵļˣ񣬳ʣһˣȫˣַ֮ǲأҪñ˾صӣҩβҲẦ֪λʾҲˣǳǲѵġ
̫ҽãϳ̫ҽһͨŭԭƥ򺦵ҹߣţ̫ҽϳȥնˡ
ϣǳӦãֻΪʼҷôķϣܾһ
ߣ޶Ӧýųնģӡ
ĵ̫ҽƤǺһ־硣
̫ҽ֪ڻֲã־֮ǰͰ͵Ŀ˼
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ԣø˭Ӱ
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ⶼһ󣬳˼ֻϵķν൱أҪƲǡ
ϹϵΣҩ󣬳˼㽫ϴҩռ䡣
쵽ʱ򣬻ȴԼһӣӵһ˻ƿӣɵþʲô
ϱҶ
˼æסϵ֡
ɤӣɤر֮࣬⣬ֶԵȻࡣ
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׵ģɤӺܿ࣬ΪҩѾ͸ȫĿǰִҩҩһ£ʣµıĳҩ̣ϣܹȥ
ãġ
Ϸǳܴ˿̵İٴα۾ʲôҲʣ밲˯Щû˯õľٲ
˼ɵó˳ǣôר̸Ͽģˣܷ˶ûС
˼ƤŴ˳ȥ
û룬˻δ߳ϵ޹ͿһŮһʳгķ˹
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134 

ⶼˣҲ˵ŷȡͣ
ǽ
˼վӣϸϸѾߵǰŮӡ
ǡ
ǻϵġ
ŮҲû˵
˼ϸϸţǺ˻ϣ⹬е˭һ
ֻǰŮӵǺģʲôҲȴ֮Ůһǹеˡ
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ô֪
ŮһֵĿų˼
˼ûȥ̽ϵЩһ¼ֻӡ
ҾǲµģˣѾ˯ˣֱⷹӸҳ԰ɣ
ԣǿɲУΪʣҪԣȥŷóӸȥ
Ů˼ǱһֻסʳС
˼һۡϱͿԣذɣȻ֪񣬻ҸˣСƢŲһ仰촦
ˣ˵ˣⱲֻȢһŮˣʱĪ˵㣬ǺҲҪĺһʺ󡣡
ŮӼ˵š
˼ȴסͣʲô˵Ϣ϶ˣӶû𣿡
еУǰ쿤ѡ˶Ҫͽϵӣһŭ֮£Ͱ˶ĵӽ˳Ǿ̻֮صŮӣȾ
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֪СƬп֣ȵȣⲡȾ˽ӴҲҪȾ
뼰ˣܵĺ󱳾һȵҡ
Ǻ˼ͷĽӾͺƱһҵƵģ¡һ죬ŵҲͣ


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135 

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֪ǽʿعˣҲãҲʮθֹء
˼ͦϲܵԸ񣬾ǶʮһͷԼ
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˼һʡʲô
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136 ָ

ĬľȻĿų˼˼ѰҲ֪˵ʲôá
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˼ΡΡĽӹȴдšС㣬Ҳ㣬Ҿһأǻ˵֪֮Ժټǳˡ
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ץˣ롭롭
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˭˵ģǺҪ˻ϣָ׼ϰյӻԽԽá
͵ˣ˼ҾԸ⵱үȻֵõڵĻɽ֮λ

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ѽļҵĹﳤô
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137 

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Ҳûж飬֮ǰﻹ˵͵˽أӿ˳ɻḶ̌Ҳͽ¸ˡ
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138 ˮ

СùҿãҳǮˣһȫƯ·
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139 ȥ¥

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140 

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ȥ˹ܼңܼҲҡͷʾ֪ȥ
˼뺮д̵飬˵ʲôҲ˯š
ڳ˼׼˳ȥѰҺʱ򣬺ڵĻʱ߻һѮˡ
һĳԶŵϵζ
Ǻˣһ𣿡
ءСһרΪ˴
Ҳ⣬ش˼ʱ򣬳˼ǰȴվҷĹܼҵ
ԭǳȥ֤ˣ뵽˼һƽ
ܼңԸһѾƵ
˼һԵĹܼ˵
ܼҵ˵ͷǣ
-

141 

ҹֻһ꣬ǰѾһѾƵ
һڣپθ˲١
𣬷ŻʱпվԺһ¥ȥ
ʱĳ˼Ѿ˯ˣ˱ӣæǰ¸ϡ
һУŻص¥˯
磬˼һ磬ĿʺʳʲôˣȻฮʹһ飬ֻ˷ʱ䣬ߣҲеҪ֪𰸡
˼˶¥Ѿˣһڿ
˯Ŀɺã
ţʱһŶˣǸأ
컹δʱñͳ˵۶ǣڵĴΣգ˱֪һУŵһǵĺ
˼ԣСһĪġ
ǣңЩĲʮ⣬ֻɹСɣɹɹõԭʵɹҲС֮޷ÿ̲ԭ
ɹһδҡ
˼ţªţԴҽѧ֪ʶʲôҲװȥ
Ϊ˼ͣԭɹǰֻһ֮أסˣһЩʮԭʿֻһ죬콵ʯԲһ֮
סԭʿҲʧأǷЩʯкһĺ˺ɴɱࡢܰٲ
ԴˣȺԭʿ㿿˷˼ңö֮ԽԽҲˣкܴһԭĲõ˾ȥ﷢չ
˿Ǩɹ
֪ɹѾ˳ԭһǿ
ɹŵ˵ɹԭսԭܻܣɹҲֲãԭˣǵ˾ûʣµˣҲԳɹ
˵⿴һ۳˼˵£бڣɹȾָԭ
ˣ˼ıԭʲôҪǸʱֻƴһսˡ
˼а̾εأֻҪ̰ģսǱⲻˡ
Ȼˣսһء
Ҫฮˣһ¡
ţ籾һฮɣ
ŲҪһǰ죬˵ÿÿ붼Ǽ尾
˼ͷͬ⣬緹󣬳˼뺮һฮ
˼ճ绹Сƣ졣
ڳ˼һгʱ򣬺壬µֲƣˡ
ýˡ
Ҫ𣿿ֻе´Σܾһʤˡ
Ծϧۺӡ
Ц´ξ´ΣԸա
ԼŮŮֱʧߣŽ
ѽŰ˶꣬Ҫ˶ҪˣʱĸֻǰߣҲ֪ܷ¼ңɱ¼ҳһռѽ
źʱ˵˿ɹ飬֪µಢδģһвװģֻ֪ͨ㷢ԼеǷݿơ
ʱ˼ѾȻ˻ʹ
˼Ϲˮ󣬲Žվĺ˽
ҿ˿ûʲôŮ̫࣬ڶˣߵϵ߾һͨȡúϰ䣬㲻ϣʲô³Ķ֪øǻʼҵЦ
壬ͱ˵ˣĪҪ˵
ţǷǳҪ¡
վֱӣһһ۵ĽɹͿ¶˻
ԣɫޱ䡣
޵ͷ󣬵λֿɵãðȣҪ˷ˡ
ǰһȵۡ
ɵλͬĸֳȻȥ꣬һ˿Ͼ֮ҲѪġ
Щ˼ʶ˼
˼ú˵̫飬ǰ˾조˵˵ļƻɣ
ţļƻǾ䣬ҪҪֶ֪˭ɹĴ
ƻҲ֧֡
Ͼ˵ʮеʶҲ硣
Ҫ˵˭Ļ壬Ҳڶˡ
ĻϻλҲӵԭɽ
ȥҲд󳼽ԣ˵˻ϣΪܡ
Ժ󣬺Ϊ֤ԼͰѱȨȫ˳¼ҡ
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142 ˤ

¼ϳڳ͢еѳԽκһүǱҲ˿ڡ
꣬˼뺮ڹͣӦ£ϳ극ֱҹŴӻʹ뿪
ص˼ͿСԴڴſ̽ͷ̯βĳ߿
˼һ۾ϳ˳·硰ô
СùãѧҾúֱӽˣôڲŻһأ
Ըϣֻܺɫζıˮ
˵ţ˼ʹƿɽȪˮ
ҲҪûζˮ𣿡
һԼϲ÷еԸ
˼ЦţǶһڻСӣǳʱҪǺȶϣֻǱɴӡ
Ŷ
·Ҳֻǳ˼˵ʲôǱΪʲô
һ£СùãҰѼĲ˹ˣܴܲűһڸ档
ԣٶһҪˤ˸첲ȣһɲΡ
֪ˣҼôãôˤȥȥ
·ڵõ˳˼ӦϱҾͷܡ
۾ڣֻһƽڣһþƿˮ
ǣӿ첽ס˳˼󣬸հ˼У˼ʶĳ֡
뿴㿴
˼¶װ׵ĸ첲
ôʲôûأ
е㲻ġһֻ֡
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˼ȫȷʵˮټ
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˼ֻǿ佱ٺһЦ߽˺
󣬱ֱӻ¥˯ģȴһһӰӴԼ߼ٶ
㣬㣬ҿˡ
ԶҵļС
Ų˹ĳ·ȴһҲںЦұ£ҴֱԽɽ
פֵ
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ѽ
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ɲǼ䣬˼۾̥ŵغһĲƽ
ô𣿱ҡ
棬Ҫȥ
ҼʲӲ˹ͣˣ˼ķܣһܣֻ۾͸ˮһͣصᡣ
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ܵ˳˼ߣɾ״
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ʵϣ˼·СĦУᱬը˼Ҳ޼ƿʩˣų²ߡ
·۵રવ˼û뵽СֶӿȱһҪ˾ġ
ԺôƤȻСùþͻǲ˹ԶҲ治š
˼·˲ᣬ·˵ͷ֪ˣСùá
ˣԼĲ˹ˡ
˼˿ڡ
·绹ȥﲨ˹ˣڱңǾǴҲˡ
ֻǱ·£㲻ȴصĸڳ·󵱸ƨ档
˼״εСӻǸСõһȥ
ⶫٶ죬ûʺϴ𣿡
ûУһλɽ˵ܲⲨ˹ֻҪꤸ˱ˣԣܽͶŵսϣʡʱٶȿ죬һ·ҪϢ
˼˵ţԼ˳˼
ƾŴļȻ첻ͣǳӦòڻ¡
ҲΪ˼Ļ˼ãгһɹսû׼⻹ԭǿ
㻹жĲ˹
ţܶܶˡ
˼û˵ȡ֮֮𣿺Ȼܡ
Ϣʮֿģζţ˴󹦣ͬʱΪսṩǿװ
ֻܹɽӦȥأһԵĸڳ˼ǰߡ
¥󣬳˼ĲУ˯ˡ
Ǻһ޶˯ţų˼˯ˣȻȥ·Ĳ˹
˼˯ԼһһŮļУҪѵģκƤܴ˯˹ȥ
ڶһ磬ұг˼𴲡
ˤȣˤôһƤڻѪֹϽȥɣ
ʲôһˣԼˤ
˼ֵġ
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143 ˽

ϴһ󣬳˼ͷ˲ᣬ鷿ķܡ
˵֣Ӧڶ¥˯ܵ鷿ȸˤš
ԽԽ벻ͨĳ˼ȥ
鷿빬е̫ҽǲ٣һǹں亹ֱð
һȺͰ˶βˡ
˼һţͿڳһȺ˷
ôˤġ
˼˳źСȥһƬ첻˵вѪµΡ
ǿջЦ¥ݵʱ򣬲Сˤġ
˼о˵Ĺȥߵߣȡ
һҲдóֹѪпٴϧֹѪֹס
ǴĿĵ˿ںð죬˼ԴȻ֣ĪˤëϸѪܡ
뵽һ㣬˼òΪһ顣
һذɣ˵ҪǴȥͰǵĶŮ̻֮أԶ뷭
ǣ
վȶġ
ϲ˾ռߣô񶾣˶Ҫȥ̻֮أˣǵļҪųꡣ
ȥ󣬺ЦӯӯĿԼ
㵹ѧ˱ʮ֮һѧѧƻ
ʱˣ㻹鿪Ц
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˼źСһҩռ䣬һϵм󣬳˼ֺˤëϸѪܡ
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ĺķȻ˯ˣȥǹһСӵ档
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ȺķԼѪѾֹסˣң˿ڴһᡣ
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Ͼ͸ѪһӴ
ܾ˾죬ฮСкܣһ»ϣûҲҳ˼һһˡ
˼߽ڴϣ纮ˤȣҲǸƺãֻؼҸҵƺòĻʹе֮ϼ¡
˵޵Ļˤˣû¶ɣ
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˼Ц
ϵ֪ԼĻû¶ǿʯͷҲ䡣
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첲ۣɣҲҼ¡
ѽǿͦҲ볢ԣԣûԸⱻ
˼ЩӸܼ첲
һ˼ķܵĸ첲⡣
տʲôһ
ţ⼸ÿ춼ȥ书ǿ־д裬еһܴӮеҡ
һƵӣ˼ܴŲµܿ϶ĺܲҡ
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ܼһ룬ɵó˳ǡ
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ܣ˵ȭͷˣһȴųģûȭͷ۾ˡ
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ֲûϲԭָо
յ
˯ڴϵĻЩΣ̫ˣҺˣȻҪȥôַˡ
-

144 ϻ

ʱ֣˼Żص
쵹ͣ˲٣һֱ¥Ķ¥
˼߽¥һ¥춯æϵСʳŵһߣ˲٣ĳЩԽԿԽɡ
Ѿźˣٺȥֵ˰æˡ
ʵ˵ôˤģ
ȥͱˣʱˤ̫ۣڻ󼹶ġ
һ飬˵˳·Ĳ˹ˤ𣿲ѽΪ˵ʵ̫ˡ
˭뵽һССĲ˹󾢶ô壬š˼°ѱ˾͸һǰ壬ңⲨ˹ƽ⣬Ϊû˽ײɽȥġ
˵ףⶼҪֳ·ǸСƤǲ˵⣬Ҳˤôҡ
˼֪Ҳˣֻȥĳ˾͵ñˡ
˼ñȥˮݸ裬뷨˼бӿֳһ˼롣
罫ҩռԡ׻лȫٰҩռıСͷҲóҪ⺮ɶʮһ͵Ĺӷӡ
ûлûеӰҲܲһϾ͵ú͵ơ
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һҧǴͰģַʽһʼĸоܹ죬󣬾Ǿú
Ϊ೤ʱ䣬Ų飬Ҳᡣ
ʲô뵽ʲôС
꣬ߵ˾ǰĿһ۾еԼ
е˾𣿾ȻˮеĵӰ޶죬ͭճԶƵķɫ
ϴ󣬺¥ݷ˺һµһ¥
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У̰˯˯һ
Ŷԭ
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145 

˼סЦóһƬ
ҩÿպΣһκƬҪ˼֢״
ӹҩƬŵһԣߴų˼ԷΪҪӰæ̫ɽˡ
ֻǽղͬ˼Ƶʱ򣬻Ͼǲ޹
˼ɻߵ־ǰʵأ
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ɹôж𣿡
˼ĬĬֹһֻڻϵ޹澲Ⱥ
ʱܵͬ³ų˼
˼ԶͿüͷ鲻á
дֱдһСʹ޾Ȼ¹򡣡
˼ҹˣֻΪĻͬҲΪѽ
ʲôĻͬɹԭʿ˸ףͲ֪Լ˭ˣ

ϺһһȰ⣬˼̲סЦ
ϣβҪʹֲǳפʹˣҲͼС
ʹҪ޵Ļʹסһأ
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ϣɾܾǵҪ󣬱ȺĶȥˣΪʲôǵô˱ȸߵ͡
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⻹򵥣ңֱӻɱ񲻸á
˼ĺܼ򵥡
-

146 һ

ȴЦˡ㲻ЩֶȻи⣬ڸԵķأָĲףƱػ´ҡ
˼˵һնΪǻɱģԿϡ
ԿϵڣʧȥĲǹؼΪڰյĿУλʾǰΪǻɱԼ߸ֵܣ°ջ룿ˣԼֵܶɱοЩա
Ľ˼˳˼
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ͿλүУҪսмλˣ
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˼ס硢С䣬ĿǰѾֹͣƣʣµıˡ
˼ţҪ£˾ж绹ȥһģһˡ
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Сθܶԣ˵߸ˣٳȥ
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˵ͨҽɣⲻóԣǲóԣȫƺȫʳﶼܳԡ
·Ҳ˵óԾͲˡ
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Сùã𣿡
ܣ浱СùŮأŮҲ϶ѽ
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147 

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ʵϣⲻʲôϣһ򿪺̨ƣҪԹΪ
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˼磬κֱϷ
·ֻסЦ˪Ҳһεҡͷǳȴڴ˿̵·
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صǶղ˯ķ䣬˼ϵͷţȻѾ˸Ǽ˵ĸо뺮һҵУҵ
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Ŵ򿪣ܹһĿŹܼҡ
ȥͨڳ֮ϺȾƣôĸ˵˻˹ȥ
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˼߽һ˲䣬ߵͬĿ⳯ų˼Ͷݹ
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ˮҪˮ
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148 

Ũӭܶʼ
󣬳˼ʮһ꿤췴ɣλүİ£ɹӵɹ
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ңַԭĴΣղڱɱ˷Ż𣬾ɱԭ߽ʿơ
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ǻΪΣԼĳǳأγԭԿķ
ǳأ˰Ҳԭ⣬ˣԭյϢ˾֮
ǳ˼ĸܶڱ߽ǰߣ߽ػĹү뿤Ӧ϶ԭ
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յĵ۶Ա׳аն˽ֵԷվߣи߾ŽɫСӣϸܿŵľ֡һ·˳硱
ȥΪ˼ҹս涵ĿźԼ뻮һƺƵĽʿ飬ÿ˵жǼġܵġǺ޲ܸźһɱķѾˡ
ΨһĶӸźϣҶܹƽ
ʱȺһλۼĸͻȻ޺
һޣǣ۶ǰյ
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149 ʲô

ˣؽ֪شɿӱޣ۵Ҳ޷
˼һҪգ˵ʲôҲϡ
Ϊյĵ飬治֪Ҫٴ
֪ⷬжһ˫ֱỨ
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˻Ҳɹ˳˼ע⣬ۣǰһ
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Ҳôһԭ򣬹һɱԽơ
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˼ֻĻһңһ̣ͻȻͣ
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Сƿһʳ뵽˲ˡ
졭֪ء
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ΪСǰ֪ʱ򣬾Ǳ˵ù֮ʱ
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150 վ֮

ȥ꣬Ҳ12̱꣬ſҲġ
˼̧ͷĿС䡰ȥҲӣĽ쵹װˡ
ܸܲҵӡ
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СڲԶҵһСϪ˼ȥСϪϴ˸裬£ȵһжú󣬳˼֪ػ
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֪أֳ˲
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˼⻰Ѿ˴𰸡
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˼ĿתĶ֪ķӣһСԺȻСܰ
-

151 ԲѪ

֪أֳǵعϡð첻һ˼ңû뵽һҾҡ
Сֱڿ
С¹֪㻹Ҫ˵¹ٵļҺƯʵⷿǰǸģΪ˰ͱ¹ٶ˴Σʳ˵ڸģΪ˸¹Ծ˾ʳԼ¹ٱ㽫ⷿˣ˼ңǴǵýӸ¹٣¹¹ٵļסš
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֪̱֮˵֢״㶼ܲˣҲ˵ӵĻ
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˼ժϵĿ˵֪أӴ˵ˣҪµ߶Ļ»Ҫһʱָ
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֪һ룬ǰ˵ˣķ˿϶޵ѣԷ鶼ңҲˣʵҲԼ˵Ŀ
-

152 ɽ

극Ϣһ
ʱ֪شԼ˼С䣬㳯Ǵӵķȥˡ
ΪС˼ֻ뽫֪صļôˣ·ֳʲôӡ
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˼ҡҡͷĪ˵֪رԼ䱳
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Ŵϻ˵Ǵ棬ΪǸʱûгϻʡ
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154 

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СȴԽԽˣ˼ССּǷһܵӣɵЦԭСǸǿ֢ߡ
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Ҫֳļ׵ıǶԴڶǸȫ˴˲ˣǿЧء
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155 ز

˼ҵԴͷΪ׷ҽѧϽ˼ץһ㣬ԼҲһˮ׼ûȥ顣
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156 Ļ

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157 տ

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158 д

һֵ˵Ȼڸ˺İײˮ֮ȴһѿ
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СֺǺǵĳų˼Ц˵Ҳ˼ܲˬ
ˣˮҪݽš
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164 ɢ

˼ʱ˫Ųȵ˻ѩУЬʪ͸ˣһˮš
Сȥ˼ʮϴˮ
ʮ󿴿˿䣬ų˼һƣ˼ѡߵһ䣬ڿҪȥʱ򣬲Ťͷ˵õ׼Եġ
ǣС㡣
ʮٽдƺʶ̧ĺܸߡ
˼ȥûһСͰڵϴˮ˽
˼˫¶˵ˮ̲סһϴˮ
ţ˼ȴ⡣
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˼˲͸˼Ѫһҩռó
ǰһܡ
˼һµ˵Ķϣ˲ǰ˼Ļ˶Է硣
ڳ˼Ҫֵʱ˵ó˼һԼɶ˭
ô
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˼̧֪ͷܸо뺮ļ淽ʽ̫٣ҵ˵ֻǺҵеĪĸо
Ӧ͸ˣҪ㲻Ҫңھͻȥ
ԷĬ˰Σ˼Ҳȴź
ȴ룬ٴοȴЦˡģȻˣ£պ¶ˡ
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һУ˹γ˼ıӡȺú˯һϢãѰ㡣
ȵȣ˭˵Ҫ˯ˣûأ
˼뺮˷ţΪˮŲ⡣
ʾ⣬ͣ˴һĿ˼
ʱпȺ
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˼һᵽȺѪҺΪ֮ڣϻսȺĻ棬˳Ⱦ没顣
㡭⣬ڿиеʡ
Ѷץס˳˼ҿ
˼üͷ⻰ţôô˶أĪǣĽʿҲˡ
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ȴˣԴӳ˼ֳǻƺŲ֮Ե
ĹŴǲ˽ʵ飬ὫΪߡƶʵô飬ֻҪڣκţ񶼱
ʱҲȺϮʿûгԹ⣬һʣ׽ԣ˭ڶ˺ۣ֮˲ˡ˵صиƣʲôҲû𵽣ߺûã͸о͵ϮŪĺǱɢгˣȥ
ܾ˹Ϊ֮ȺϮǵĿĲȺҧǣǳƤѣֻҪˣͻü没Ǻôļı
˼һ߷һ߸Լļ⡣
ԵˣɱȺ˳⣬ļȴɱ࣬˵ҲվʳĶˣԣԴﶼأΪвأͻᱻеĳһɱ
˶Ⱥɱ֮Լ̰֮ģ˿ӡ
磬ȺʱֻǽȺߣɱӶʹǵ⣬Ҳء
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ĩˣСͷ˼ۺ˵æٳԣʿǵҪ
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СɷǷѽ⣬˵ͷˣĻţѵ˯ˡ
Сɲ˽Խ˵ķ䣬ɤ˵С㣬ſˣǵԡ
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Ȩں֣ڶԷԶԼִϡ
˼˺֣һ֮䣬˱ͨҩռ䵽˺˵Ӫء
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165 С

ֻһѣ˫Ҳƺѩ
æÿ֣ȴԼѾӪظתͷԼûбֵȥ𾪡
˼Щ˼ǽԼִӺ˳˵ǿȥɣ
š
Ӧӿ˲ӣջס˳˼󣬷·޾Ůһ
Ӫأɽڵʿһˣæ˵ˡ
ˣһ
Ŀһ۳˼
˼˼ĽƳһߡ
λʿûмֻ˵ҽ˵ãƽƲҵе̫ҽҲֻйϵõĴ󳼲Żȥ롣
ѵǵ۶ʢҽСǲμȾ˲Ľʿǰɣ
ʿһֱӸ˼
ɣҼȻˣȴҡ
ʿ˳˼Ӧʣӵվ
˼뺮һߣţЩɻŤͷôû
СԣҲֲСǡ
Ŷˡ
˼תŤͷ
Ҳȥ˵ʮУÿһǧ˶һС𣬱ʮɸٸСֻҪٸ˼ɣģٸȥ⣬ҲֻٸСˣѪζ̫أûгԡ
ԭ񼲵ĶЩС
˼һЦʲô
ǶٸСȫˣʮҲŹ֡
˼Ϊ˴룬ûڴϼƽϡ
󣬺ƿһɫ񣬳˼һ񣬾ͱĶƵθ
Ϊһҽ˼Ѿֳ˾ռߡ
ֳԼϺְһ˺
˰֣ʾԼѾϰˡ
˼ֻýջĵǣˡ
ҽֶǳʶԱ⻼߽һЩȾԼ
˼ߵһСߣ۾˯޵ġ
˼ֿ˵֢״һסʮСʮ˵֢״졣
󣬳˼ź˴Ĵָ֪Щ˸ʵѵá
ɻü꣬ûԹ⣬Ҳ·
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˼Ķȴֵֹģĵҽģҽ˾֮ɿЦأ
ˣҪһ¡
ƶ죬ЩСδ㻹ʵһ߽Ϊ׵
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󣬳˼ʮĽҵݸ˺
뷨ǣЩһȻͨŵķڵļų
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Ҳûţʼιҩ
һ˾˷Ӧ
˯ߵһСǿסӾҪܣ˼پæ˵ŪˣȻˣ͵ؽɣ
˼ɲΪûǣЩܽļų»û꣬Ѿƣߵ˹ȥ
СǴûм˼Ҳ֪Ů˭˼Ļ
˯ĵطأ
ÿ¶ԼĿס˵ǱصΪβ˵ʲôʲôǲһϳȥȱС
ҲҳȥˣǲĿų˼뺮
˼ЦЦ޶Եĺߡ
㲻ߣ𣿡
΢˵ǿŪûӡ
˼źȥ󣬻û߶ԶһɶѸײڶ֮Ʈ˳ǵʿԹص
ˣԼλȨػǳ⣬ºˣû׼أ
Сûվ𣿡
ɶҲ˵ʵѡ
˵ҽǸͷǿġ

ýĽʿԴгɼȻҲЩСġ
󣬳˼ʼʩʱӪϿƮ
ҲЩ̲סˣѾѹС˵죬תӪء
ǡ
˲ҵ
һУ˼ֻصջϷһжԹܼһӡ
ʮ˵㻹˷һྩǣ

˼һţȴǽҪ˸ˡ
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166 

Ǵ˿Ҳྩǣȴڳ⣬˵Ҳ
˼ţȻ·һ𲻰ȫǱǸһһҲĥһˣҲΪչֵ춨õĻ
λȥֳʱʵ֪֮ӣͨű˵Ϊṩ
ţ֪֮ˣ˱ˡ
֮ʣ˵ȲŻˣ֮⡣
󣬳˼뺮ѩ֮лǰУ˼ûҩռ䣬ֻã뺮þûˣһӾͰĳһˣ񲻳ϵķޡ
˼һ˫ֶͨ죬ЩĲ̣һůֱݵ˺С
ӹůֱСë׵Ϊɻǡ
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˵ţ˼ʹһůֱźʹá
ַŽůֱ϶ʱֳ֮ɫ
ΪСĲޣû룬ǿů֡
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һִų˼ļһѵЬӣȻճ˼˵ģůġ
һ򣬺еһӽĴȫ
˼źĵļ϶ҲԼů
㻹ñֲЩҲЩóƫƫǷ֮أ𡣡
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ҲϴСˣȥСһֻ۱һֻۣҪٱһ±Ͱҹ
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ΪҪȴеദһǺɫ١
ʵϣг˼ڳ÷ҪǸƽʱ˭ûòģǱʮǱվѩʱ
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˵ǸţñҪţϷ·ǾͻῴһӪأǱפأȥﱨɣʱԻ˽Ӧ
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СùãǷʲô𣿡
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ǲŶ˵ϴˮҪЩʲôûӴǶүźҲûүŹסһŷ˵ǺҲ
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ɾڵС׼ߵʱ˷Ǹһ˺һͰԴŰϡ
֮ǰڸﳣԵ滹ûУ֮ǰȷʵԵе㹻һʮ첻ԣͻȻеˡ
кֻܶ࣬ڲܸԣ֪ʲô𣿳ԶԸƢθá
ţǱٳԡ
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ԳүĪǳ͢ģѽһ켣ྩڣǶү֪ˣһӴԺҲõʲӵСҲҲҹϴˮˡ
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ˣ˵¶ŵСǵ̸ӹȥ֪ͨүˡ
ǸϽ߰ɣǶֶĺϣ¾Ҳ
ʲô֪ηĶֶӣǹ
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Բںģ˵һϡ֡
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ʲôϣȱʮ꣬Ҳ̫̫
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˼ааһЦ²õСȥˣķԼȥ
Լ˵ҪȥֶӼңǲҵҪǲȥˣ֮ǰྩǴ̽ʵֻȥ˵ƤǶֶӻǲҪǵĺá
ˣ
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һЩΡ˭˵ˣΪ룬ηϵ
˼Щҽ֮ǰ֪˶ˣʲôûµĲϵĳ٣һźĳ
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168 Ů

ֲ˼ڵСһջΧʱⲻ֪˼Ѿź֮ززˡ
һ磬˼뺮Ѵ֮͵˶үĸۡ
ֻ죬˼ɻǣүĸۡһͥУڴŵƽʣ˺ɫĳС
˼װ˿̵ٲȻһѾߵװ磬ҲһҶģˡ
ʾͳڣ˼º㻻˴ֲѣԵֵںϻһİ̺ۣúֳη塣
˼סһλˮҴ߹Ѿʵ㣬Ѿߣͷʲôϲ𣿡
еģеģүһСӣүһģҹϯⲻһ磬ྩͷȫ
Ѿ˵ձ㼱Ҵҵ߿ˡ
˼սȭͷСһ˿֮ɫ͵ĺûᡣ
һ۳˼˼ıһӽסˣʡôˣ
ϵҪˣ
Ŷ𣿡
˼æÿɵĴãû취Ҫ鷳٣ͱﶼϵòС
Ϊ˺Լװ磬˼ûٷѹ
˼Ե˵ķʽڶ죬Ҫܳû췭ظٺò
ļϷû취ˣ˵һֶ
˶Ƚɢүһͷ׵ˣſڰһӣ񵥡
һλС˹ÿ˼¼һͻߺһ
ʵʽִȻУֱ֮Ϊ
˼֣ªϰܾã֮߶ƺֻʣһַʽ
˼һۺʾ⺮һȥԺơ
׼תС˹˶ó˼һ
ү໨ӤһԶ
˻һǳ˼ڳ˶Ϊ֮Ȼ
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໨ӤʵأҪǽԼĺգǣ˼໨ӤΪС
үϺɺһ
ڳıһڡ
˼ѾڷˣģҲҪߡ
Щȥˣų˼ĵطߡٲߣĿˮҪˡ

˼˲ǣûһΪ֮ǰӴƽһǮƣϡ䱦ȴϲĽ
˼鲻ԸıһΪƫƧԺӣҲȥҵˮȡ
ȴԺӵķﴫһ̴ĤĴСүѽС˵ȷǷһһŮԳүûа١ŶˣǸץסĻСƼǸԳŮһ𣬻Ϊǰš
ߣܴǸܹѵİеõһϻ𣿡
ǰӦС˵ġ
Сֻүֻܻ뿪
㰡̫ҪˣˣһյķԼǵϢ


ͷҽУ˼С඼Щܲסˡ
һסҲƵ˵߰ɣֶ湻ģȻİץҪҪ
ãôץģôԼӳһԼץˣ̸ʲôˡ
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˼֪үǵСʲô⶯Էʮ֮˾ˡ
ڶػεֿһԺӡ
Ӧûˣ
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ûˣ˹ˡ
˵ţ˼ż㣬һԾɵ˷ϣһǳɣ˼òԺṦĿ࿴
һȺ̧ӵ˽СԺ˼۾ѵǴ˵еģϵΪһȴͻΪһȴ
ͲӦóֵľţתۣͿͷˣһһĽװ̧СԺŶµķ
ų˼ֻԼȢһԻؼңҲкܶ౦ôͲŮϲġ
ɤӣЩƵòǿ˶үɣ
ʲôһῴ϶үҽࡣ
˼С죬үȻ˲죬λү죬үȴһŸ߼ʶȼߣλүǽһ͡
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169 һ

һЦ֪ΪΣϲ˵Ĵ˷
ֶŮ࣬úðϧǸֶѰ˼췴飬ʵЦ
һǽ̧˺󣬺§ס˼ƽȵķԺӡ
վ󣬳˼ѿ˺Ļæͳŷķȥ
˼ƿţδ룬Ž򿪣һɫȻڳ˼뺮ǰ
һ첹ɣνӵĲλûͨ߷ƣ˽߷ƣνӵλҲͷ˿ǻƳһָϸĽ
֮䣬ʱպͨǿն֮ϡ
еаֲֿ˼һҺнװΣȻ϶ŵô
󣬳˼ĵŤͷֶŤóҩˡ
Ť
ȻѾϰߴżQʴʣе֮ⷶڣеȴʾ֭Ҳⲻ˵ģͱڵŤ
Ƿӵ˼ֶ϶Ƿˡ
ǷˣҲʮⶳ˲ྩǡ
ֻһж̫á
ʵϣ˳˼˼˼ôݵĶүǳ׷˵Ķү
˼ߣŰڷдССȫɵðүСĹꡣ
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үһ֣ݵһ±㳯źһ֧֧̼ǧһ֮ʣ˼źҩռ䡣
Ҳڴ˿̣˳˼ʮܡ
˼δЩӰ߳ЦһֱԸ˵𣿡
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ǧػǸˣĶү˼ں޲ýǧˡ
˼ͷԼָҲ˵߹㽫˼ӵ˻С
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170 һƷ

˼⼸Ѿ˷ޣûʲôܲصסġ
ˣͶɣֻЩ֪ƵĻ괩ǰЩ˼ǲ˵ģЩ˵ֵóԽⷶΧ˴ֻиңὫ뺮ԽԽԶ
˼һ˵СһУÿΣգֻҪһͻгԵġȵġиҩԼ鲡֢ߡң仹ܳΪý飬һ׷Χȥ硭
˼Ľͣÿһֶ
˼˵֪꣬Ѿ硣
ס˼˵ڲͬе˸˵ĸо
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һЦæǱĿҪĴڣȽϡ
ڳ˼̥С䣬ص̬ȣ䵱Գ˼ҲǶ°յ
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أҲ˵Լֱ׹˼ӣ벻ɡ
¶ôȥˣ˳˼뺮ԸԶļܡ
˼ʱˣź˵Ҫȥ
ȴһϷ˿ҩռɳĲֺ
˼εҡҡͷֻýƽӺ˹
ⶫˣ񫡣
ţ߰ɣ
˼ҩռ䣬˻ڶүĸУֻǲǸСԺһΪҵԡ
˼Щڽ̺ЩԶʮһ͵ĵӲƷǱ㰵ԺҩռĵӲƷȫҪôúȥҩռ䡣
溦һ,һ׿Ȼү벻ӲƷˣ˾ͷˡ
Щүģһ㶼ϲصĶŵﰡ
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˿̣ڳ͵Եĳ˼ЩһȸҭԼҭˣæݹȥһ衰ȵ㡣
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˼һۺҪͣͼһȺ˳ųˡ
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171 һ

Сӣָʹ˴򰳣ѹ㡣
֣и˿ɽһѹڳ˼ϣ˼ֻˡ
ȣκͣѹ֮ʣԴǲײ˵ϣͷѣģʹһ˵˾ˡ
ӱǣ˼ΪײԴԵʣ޷оҩռ䣬Ǹܵľ
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ס֡
ү
հѲ˵͵˼ǰһȱ㴫˳ĶУ˳˼ĶС
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ྩ֮أԭĽʿԣҲ첻ֽŵģϾˡ
ܵȷģȻ⵱ɹĹڷռԭ
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ְ˲ٹڳ˼飬һѪĶү·𿴵һ˿⡣
ĻɩκŮ˵ҪྩǣԸ⹰á
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ְڶүߺһѺ󱳣ֱѾһ亹
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ڳ˼ʱ򣬶үƿ˷š
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Ҫͷһɽһĳѹţˣ￴õȻȻͰһٵĵ
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ͻȻȻĻɩүȻǸӵˣҲе㲻˼һ
͸һ𣿡
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172 ëѪ

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ү˵ĳϿң˼ԣûһ˼ȴྩǵĹȨ
ҿԾŮȻǶүྩҲȻģֻӦһ顣
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ҪǼֵۣͬྩԭǲɻֵģҪΪԭȫ룬ĪҪΪŰˡ
ֻҪκñŮͰྩǵıȨӴ˱͵ɢүҲЩ߰¡
ү䲻Ů˼˿ֻţƾүֶΣʲô벻ǺβҪʮ꣬һʱ䣬˼ЩڣҪҲβã֪үʲôµ
İȫǲģؼⳡⳡսҲ޷ġ
˼˼Ƭ̣û֮ǰǵĵ˵ͷ԰ɣ
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үʩһЦǰһͳһԿףϵĴ򿪡
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Ÿүƿ˼̽ͷ̽Ե濴ʱү˼һƽȻѸٵĽŸϡ
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173 Ȱ

˼棬پθͷһӿ
ҽߣϣսƫƫǸҽߣŮ˻ţһȴʹ
ȱŮԱˣʹȥϴ軻·ñĻɩһļ顣
үһ仰תߵ档
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ү˽ŮȻƵʱ˾Ѿˡ
үߵһͤǰɨɨʯϵĻѩһʯó˼¡
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ܴɵһҲ֮ǰ˵ĻֻҪûŮǹܴɽˮȥԭطûʲôźˡ

˼̲סһЦүɻ
үĿ˼˼͵ֶŮҲδؾɵģҿţأ
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174 

ԼŮÿȥ˵ʲôۣ
˼ʥĸҲ㵽ҪΪүŮȫļ顣
˼ŷȥһΣүûڰȫǣ˼һٶΪүŮϵʱ˲ɽݡ
үӦ˳˼Ҫ󣬲Լİſڡ
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˼߽Ů˳ͳŮͬʱѸٴ档
Ůûüлͱ˼˹ȥ
ţ˼Ůҩռ䣬ҩռ˼ʼΪŮȫλļ顣
֫ѪҺٵ򣬳˼æһ죬ֱϲŴҩռʱ˳Ůŵ˴ϡ
˼վûмųȥŮĴȥ
ŮԵȱݣڴ̥ǻΣֻԵķ
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Ůһ޴Ḷ́ﵹǲȱϸߣϾǸҽսҲսʿˣòȱģôʱҲ䵱һҽ
ǣһ˵ûԭĲϱȽϺãŮǡٶһȱݣҪŮλȡһͷ沿䣬ȱǾͲǣľ;
ŮѾûжٹͷܹԸˡ
뵽˼һѡ
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ԭүиСɣһҲϲأô
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175 һЦ

㵱ˣСɻǰε
һգСɵļг˱ʣһ̼֮СɣļΪ壬һҹ֮һ
С뵽һ㽻飬ǱŵǮ
һʼн軹ʮִ󷽣˭룬СǮûа⣬Ǯȥ˶ķ
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ʱǡүȥ˷ˣ˷˲Ǯ˷˵˵ȥүȥʸԡ
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˵ֺã˼ΪȻɤЩпɻʲôŴ֢
˼ĻƬ̣վŮһཻ
˶Ϊ˱ģܱ׬ǮֻҪ³ɾһӣһӣһӾͳԺȲˡ
ҪԼʲôë֪ˣǻɶ׬ɶ
뼰ˣ˽ҡͷ
˼һЦҲ£ʱҪΪЩһһģëģƣǶԷϵĹͷȻǲŮϵġ
ôˣҲһÿ˵ĹͷʺǸŮ
󣬳˼ʮŮ˴һտķ䣬Ҫÿ˴֡
ţ˼һһΪЩŮ˽
ԼĪһʱ󣬳˼ҩռкȻʮһˣһֻеϻ
˼Ҫʮ죬ʮУҪͣظЩ˴Դάϵǵת
ʮ󣬳˼ƣĴҩռ˳ʮһҲ˼˷䡣
˶үŮһľ֮⣬˴ϲɴ
ݻָԼƣ˼һʱ䣬ٻҪ¡
֪˼˷䣬үһ˹ѯ
ĻɩնһȦүе㲻˼ˡ
˼ЦЦ˵ƺ˳ǻָˡ
үڴĿ˼ѵøһ˿Ц⡣
˼˶үΣȻЩˣүǸŮˣһЦǿֻϡ
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176 ˲ͼ

ºྩһѩ
һƬѩÿҲ˱صСɰԼһڳдѩ̣ڽͷ׷Ҹϣò
˼񾲵Ļ棬ͷԵĺǶ𣿡
ĺӶѾϰˣĪ˵棬Ǳѩ˯ϰҲ䡣
⻰˵мֿţ˼ûвںĻѩ
ڶʮһͣûмôѩʱ궼һѩ
֪ǻȾ¡
кãһжôĺãսĴݲС
ԭλѽү˵һҪ͸ǡ
ʱܳһѾߣ˳˼뺮˼
˼ЦſѾʵʲô
ūҲ֪ȥ˾֪ˡ
ѾߺһЦܿˡ
˼뺮һЦ⳯ȥ
ѵ˼ϾͰѹŮϵɴҩˮţ˼үԲ֪ŮĻָ
һѪд棬˿Ϻ󣬾ͻƤγһѪ衣
˼Ǹ壬ʲôãһҪ
ܸܲκˣָġ
ԣ˼͸ǸŮҩˮϴ
һҩˮϴȥŮϵѪ裬ҩˮ߱һĻѪͨЧ
Ůڴ࣬ӶˣôҲŮƽʱһ䡣
үѾλ
Դӳ˼үŮƺ󣬶ү˵̬Ҳһٰʮתһ
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壬ûйɣֶһЩ緹ǲӾͳһɣ
ˣģŮõĲˣǾߡ
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壬Ĳͼԭ֮ʱЩפԭ߽εɹʿٹԭߣȻ̤ƽԭֶⲼͼ͵ֶͿµĲɣ
ţˡȥϣлڸ֮⣬ֽྩǵıȨ˳һˣ϶Ȼ˵㡣
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үŮСʵǱŮ
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˼˵Ĳʵ罻־֢
Ůص罻־֢¼ˣ¼ƯŮˣԲòǿҷʶűֳľ
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󣬳˼ֽһЩүע޷ǶԼŮҪһΪͷûгãһĿİпܽˤΡ
ү֪֣صĵ˵ͷ˼֤δһĻָڼ䣬ϼӿԼŮܵһ˺
˶үı֤˼ɷĵˡ
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ֶúÿŮڶʲôе棬Ӧ⣬øһȻӾҪˡ
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үҲЦû뵽ŮȴԸˣų˼һۣһߣͶ㵽˶ү
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177 б

ŮһƤõӣ˼ĵǣྩ֮УܸĺӴСˡ
үûͳ˼뺮ȴ˸еĹܼ͵Ķˡ
˳ȴǱʮŮΧ
ʮŮ˸ޱȣһɫ׶ϼ˶ʮһ͵ȵȡ
һԼĽ˼ޱȵĻ̌ͷ
ҵҽΣ
ҽΪˡ
һЦ
ţʮܹ˼ݻػ֮Ůǣ׷׳ų˼
лðôڰǸˡ
һݵ˫ĿᣬϾǼ֮ɫ
˼úʲô˼Ťͷ
ɤӣͨŵӴϵ
Ŷԭ
˼׺󣬷׷׷
λǱͬʱҲ˶үŮԣҪлˣǸǻƽĶү
˼ӹ԰һҽߣʱʱ̿μԼı֡
ǲһүǮķѵȴѪͰЩ˶ྩǽеŵĳŮǳྩǵʮŮ⼸жǮ˼ҵĹӸףǶҪˡǼˣǮǲҪˣȫ㵱ꡣ
˵ţһ˶ͷƽ˳˼ҲЧ¡
˼ȴǺһûκһ˵Ļƽ
һŮ˾ԲԵԼòǱˣܻһϵģǻǮʳһͨͨ˼ˣҲù޸Ǯ˼ҵӵܣǮҲҪš
˼ûף뺮ﳤȥ
ã˱˼Ļжᡣ
Ǻ仹ûаҵŮȴ˵ⷬмصĻҽѽ
һ˶˼Ҳʼ˵˼ĺ
Ŀź뺮뿪ĹܼΪϣһõŮ˹ȥ
ͼ޸Ϸ򵱸С檣ϷĺΣ
У̫ˣǼȻˣҲ߰ɣ
Ůܼһۣ˿뿪ſڡ
ܼҺò׿һԼĶŮˣѼӷˣɵúڵ֪ˣӦúˡ
ϧѾˣҲ̤ྩˡ
պ󣬴һ·нһҪռĵطүĵ̣бǡ
˿̣˼ͬһУǰȫǺƺƵĶ顣
ҲװֻϮͷ
˼USBСȣȴóΪ˱ǿҿˣҲû˵ͣЪЪš
ǣﻹҪŵȣʿǿָ׼ôأ
ΪתԼע˼˹бǵһС
бǸòǵشɳĮɣ
бһɳĮ֮ǣͬʱҲ˵Ĳ˹
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ҳ˼Ķ̣㺩һЦ˵бµһ꣬ǳˮȫӵصڵˮڣбʢܹϸҸֶ֭ɾûˮǰϲˡ
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˼ס˺½Ȳ
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˼ԾͰ˻
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˼ףԭүǸŮ˵˲ţֻϧԭúƽĵ·Ǹ˲ţҲа취öԷɷϲġ
н˰죬ͷߵ㣬㴫ڽʿӪկԭ졣
ֱڣ˼庮о·
Ǳǰ·Ҳ·ҹٹʲôýʿǸɣǺúϢ
һƣһƻȲǵýʿԹصʹýʿǼϰߣÿϢʱٽͻߵĸ졣
ͣ£˼ԥ
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СùãҪȱϡ
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䣬˼Сһףپ˫۾Լ߿
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178 ٿ

˼ɵǺǵЦЦų·ֱ
˼ֺδǸ·һһĿ⿴
ˣǺȱȣȥȣжʮ˿۰ͰͿأ
ǳ˼Сÿ˶һƿϵĻҪ
·ҲʶȤһ˵һƿϺ󣬾ԹԵĺ
˼뵽ǰţŸһƿ
ȥĴߡ
ţǵɳĮӦפΪȫɳĮɳɳһҲбĴ㡣
Ŷ
˼һ죬벻ʲôûôͶ֪֪ˡ
뼰ˣ˼ҶٴǿװĴӽʿǰߡ
ʿǴȵףಲţŶƵӲͣŷ硣
ÿнʿ˼òĺһ˼ϰΪű㲻ᡣ
ߵڵԣ˼һƳȥ
һٴ룬ǵܱߵĽʿĿɿڴ
ƣȻʦͲº𣿡
ѽҿܴ󷽣˵׼֪Լʦֻѹϵ
ѣߣҿˮأ

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֪ʿҶգƽʱûʲôӣ¶˵˵ǿģҲһˡ
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վ׼˼
ϣվԴײϡ
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Դˣһ˼Ҳһ飬ڳ˼ҲǶԶԶġ
㣬
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˼Ŵҩռеıｫ˳֣ȴ跢βأ
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ų·ֻʶȥӰĵǣСһء
䣬ʿǿʼչ˼ÿĴͨĵطһۣȥ
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ȥԹ˴ҪһСǡ
˼ţҩռıûţţ뺮˾ͳԸˡ
ȻŴ˲ʲôٿˣ˼һҲģԼҵĺԼӰ£ĶʱΪԭҸŮˡ
Ȼãȴһ֮󣬻Ϊ˻ҽ
Сùãǻ˳⣬ҲԣҪԱ㡢θ
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˵ţ˼Ͱѳ·
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ͦõһô˷ˣ׻˵˷ǿɳܵġ
Сùã۾Ҽ˰ۣɵúϢǡ
ĩˣ극ĳ·̧ͷ˼˵
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179 

ǸúúϢˣҲˣȥ˯ɣ
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·һȻŤͷ㶵Ŀų˼Сùãǲʲô
ʲô
˼ֻԼĺƢڱСֶ
ѽ
·һˮơ
Σ˼ֻôóƿϸ·磬ߵʱ򻹲ѳ·粻Ҫȶʳǵøһƿ
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·ߺ󣬺Ҳ˳˼ģʵôˣǲǷ۸ˣ
УСĲʱ򣬷ҼǵûϺõţţ˳ˣһ¶أãƨƨߵľ
ǹؼʱڣǼУͶһЩɣ
ûаο˼˳˼
˼ЩһԶȥ
ĳ˼ʲôΣգڳ˼ߺ󲻾øȥ
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˼ΪǺŵӺ˾װŪģ
ȻӦ˼ֻиķ
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˼Ҫ󺰾ŵ֮ϤϢ󣬳˼һ
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ʱһŮԶ
ôˣɽҰģĻŮȡ
˼öǵ˵Ȧףȥĸ첲ǰУĳ룬˼ûд󣬺Ѿǵȥǰ
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˭ѱˣȻװǳıӵ
˼ͻϮֽѸٸһӰһΪϰһ˿̺ҲС˼֡
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Ȼãʵȴҡ
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˼˻һ˲ʱ˫ۡ
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ʱԶŮȴֱ֡
ԣһı
ýϷȥˣϣһаãⱾҲţû˵㡣
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磬ʿǿʼܹ󷹣ƮѾ˯ѵĳ˼Ż˯ĺȥ
ǱеĶ̽ƴȴһ˫ۡ
緹ˣ뱾һȥ԰ɣ
Ҳأ
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180 ī

ǣϴ󡣡
Ǹܳ˼˱ȭӦһͳһѶ̽˳˼ϵ
˼ʵʵĵ˵ϣˤôλ
ʱǸֱӳų˼һȾͰǰУȫҶ㣬Ȼ⼹ǵõһƤ
λϴԼߵģַҲҪˣ˭βѽ
˼֪˿˵˭ţ϶ǸСŮ
ʱǰ汻ϴͣ˲ӣ󣬰γ彣ڳ˼ϵӸˡ
˼Լ˫Ҳǿʯͷ˦˦˵ˡ
ҪԼߣԼվߣȰ㲻ҪˣҪǸܣҲˡ
˵ͳƺԳ˼С˼һҲ¡
˼̧ͷǸϴ˵һű˪ģ滹ֲЩһ˰̣žˣ
һˣȴһףľôվһߡ
˼ĵǣλܵڶԷ˧ķϣͲƽˡ
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ǵǰѺҲץˣˣҪˣԣҪŪǰС
ԼĪʱ˼ʵУʹһȡ
պһڣͱö̽һ¼ǡ
кöҲϴ㣬ڻԼأ
˼˴˼ǣһţһ迨ںǺðΣŻ
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˼Լ°˼ͣ
˼Ļɵ۾
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֪һȺľͷصˡ
˼ֱĿŵС
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181 Իˮ

ߣҾҽ벻īҴ˵˲ûīңʲôνԭɽ
»߽լӡ
Ѿ絽ˣſڳĿų˼
˼ͷǷҳԣ˵ѽ
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˼һֻʵ̫ѹˣīңЩȻ⣬Ϊīóľǻ
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ǡ
֪ˡ
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ɲǼ䣬ܵǽھֵķʽ飬һεשˣٶ½ûôһأһεĴžͳǰǽǰ
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182 Ǹ˰

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183 վ޴

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186 ˳

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187 Σ֮

ȽϰȫҽϵһտȫĵطмǣҪ̫ɽʯҲҪԶһЩ
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ҿǴûöصİװѽ
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ȴûôİʲôһ֪˲һΪˣű˳֮Ϊܵҽ
˼īûмʣͷһʯͷҲ˵أڸոԼˣټȥ֪˵ʲôá
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ʮҲûԥǱԼڿｫ·ˡ
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һԵīʮǸİͬʱһź˵ˣ˵ˡ
ȻΪһˣҲ˵ʲôֱֱͦͦӣȴų˼ָ
󣬳˼Ըīʮһһ𿪡
ʮԹⶫһأǺ͵ģһֱ֪óԵȻġ
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188 ɯ

е׬ˣ
СŮһЦοһ㣬ɱȥ
˿̣Ѿ극ĳ˼ˣʮīҹ顣
˼һţ˵ϸ͸һ㣬һƤͬǧ֮أڳ˼Ҫ˯ŵʱһҽо


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189 ﷴ

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190 ʳ

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191 

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192 

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193 

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ԭǵĺ˵ĲѧȺ֪ĶҪࡣ
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ţ˿ְѼԴ̧˰ᣬڲ鿴ΧĻ
˼Ʋԣæס
ھȷһаȫ󣬱˳ͷɳţ˿˿С
ͬʱ˼һ£ʿ˫𳤵ȥ׽ᡣ
뵽ΧҲţſ;Ҫҧˡ
ȻʿеܾжҲȲʿǵĴ󵶣ۣѾвٽʿ׽˾ᡣ
κξ̫󣬽ƾѵסǵԴҲǽƷҪץסǵöһ
нʿɱ䣬ĸһ飬˸ƷᣬͷѵβͿѵֱӳžԴиһһͷͱնض
ʱһŨѪζӭƮǵó˼θеһ󷭹
Ƭ֮ɳȫǾ飬ĶţһСɽ
˼ʱˣߴȥ
Щᣬ˵ÿ˶ܳһ飬Ƕɶ࣬һлжˡ
źȵİȵĳӶ˵ĽʿǣһΌζ
磬۾˿̵ÿһĽǶʹޱȣ˫ҲѾˣǱϸŵ·ЩȫӰ
С֪ˣ
ֹž˼ķȥȻͲڴˡ
վһ֫û߳񣬾һصζƮ˽
̿ˮЩҲ취ʿȳȵҲüĿ˭֪֮죬Ӫͷ⡣
˳˳ȥʿųĶ鰤ŴУ˱ǵİ֪࣬˭ͷͣôһ£ζƮ˹衣
˼ԶͿˣǲʿһԾ࣬Сʲôࡣ
Ⱥ߽˼վһס֣ͽ
أ
ʲôȣ²¿ʲôࣿ
⡣
˵ţҪߡ
˼Цþ᰾࣬ҪǾͺȰɣ
ᡭ
סŲһֲŵų˼
˼֣صĵ˵ͷˣ;ԼθЩ
ж̫ˣ
ҴˣֻҪѾƤࡢٴˣҾӪḻҪͷʿųԣɾһٴ󲹰
˼ĵĽ͡
ǲģֳȥһȦ˲޴󰭺Ÿһص
ʱ򣬺Ѿ̼õţŸ֭
Ȼ⣬Ϊβó뽫ʿǷ㣬ñγԵ£
ûҪĶóǲһٷҪӰԵˡ
˼ãʱҲִԶ·ͱڡ
˼ˣתһ룬еûԼĳ嶯֮ԣæ߹ȥס˳˼˵ˡ
ˣЩ԰ɣһҪǸ·СƼˣָ׼Ҫôأ
䣬ʹ̽һСԴ
Сùãʦ˵ǰþ᰾ģҳԲȥ
˼ЩΣԼֶֺݣһıҲ
԰ɣסܺ죬ҪǺ˵˵ĪֺԾˡ
֪ˣСùá
·ܽҲû룬ǰͰڳ˼ͳԵһɶ
-

194 Ӥ

Ȼ·绵˳˼뺮͵£˶û෴еͬ⺢
·һĨˡ
˼εĿһۺҲȥһɣ
ǲҪˣθܲס
飬ȥһ
˼˵ű߳
˳ǣѵҪԾԣҲԡ
ⲻϻ˵ĺ𣿽иͬͬ
ûһ˼Ͷ
ӣȷʵ㣬Ҫأ
˼ҲͦӦīˣҲû˹˼ɣǵźһڡ
ţ쳢
˼ݹȥһӡ
ӹӣ۾һڣеĸ֮ζڴʱڵժĻǶ䣬һ»ͷܰĸо
һں󣬾̲ס˵ڶڣȻһ룬룬ȵе㲻Լȵþ᰾Ƶࡣ
˼ָͬо˲òຣˮɶѽȻªײУȴǼƷ
˼뿪б֮ǰҪץһЩŵҩռıͷһص۶ûȥĵҲһ
緹ӪصĽʿҲûţϢһ󣬱㿪ʼ˼ѵ
˼׺˼ԼĽʿͰˣǣҲܣЩʿԱɱе
һߣҹȥ̽ʮҲʱˣһ·˲ϻ㵽˺
ʮȥʱ򣬳˼һѰƤι˺
һſڶһͷˣһ˲ʱͳ
Ū⸱ӣ
²㱻ץסǹŵ
ߣûõĶȥԼʮ塣
ҲʲôһӾҪͷʮ
˼֪ʱѾʮѡ
úͷʮһԳ䵱Сʮ㷣
˵ô죿
˵ȻԷϢ㾫񡣡
˼˵ǷƵ
ֻһʮûУ˵أ
ǣҹбǣһǵһЦԷǵϢ
ʮе㲻˵ʶ̧ͷһ۳˼
˼ͷ㣬ʮһ˵үǰүӣһϲ¶ӶƤճŶƤһбҥ𣬶˵үк˲ٻƻŮүĳͷĿľһ̥
дջ𣡡
һӡ
ʮҭ˼Ҳе㲻Լҷһӻ
үȷͬ飬Ϊ㣿
үǲֵͬ飬ôҲǻҵˣΪǶ豾ˣ˵ˣǸճĺҲûô˹̥˳˻ô
һ˼дĶࡣ
ʮҲãҺĽЩһȥƣµӣҲ޹أֻ˱üģִȻȻ
ǣүǸʲô
˼뵽κöүŮĲΪͷһǣͬĵǲֻҪκүӣбǲҲ֮
ţȻʮĻشȴǽ˳˼һͷˮ
үҪӣѰ˼Ž˸ɱأ
ʲô⻢ʳӣүȻԼĺ֡
˼Ĳᣬǳߡ
״Ҳү֮Աǡ
ǣ˼˳˼Уʮˣг˼ڣܷ˵󣬾ͻصԼ˯ȥˡ
ٽʱ򣬳˼һһǺܺõİ취
ͷҲ˾һЦرǨ͡
˵ɣ
š
˼Լͺһ˵һ衣
˼һڲ裬ſڵҵ뷨ǣӶҽӸ뿪ҾͲүԼӲҪһǴ̡
ˣһ
˼һۺúѹʲôû뵽Ǩ
ҲӦˡ
ң⺢Ӹ
һǣ֪С
һЦǰѳ˼Ĳᡣ
֪ˣֱӶˣ˷ô
˼߳񣬵ʿѾʼˣҲʼĽ
ϳԵϡ࣬ɵñһ٣ӵ¶жɣ
-

195 ɳĮĵһ

˼ԼϲԴǶż첻Դٳһ־ر㡣
ң˼ϲԹ׵ĹͣҧԴ࣬һ棬жóˡ
ֻǺθڷΪˣ˼һºиô
彡ľͲԷأ
Ҫ̫ûʲôθڣԵģ
˼ŶһóͰϡ
ĳԷѾɣó˼æһ˽ϡ
˷˱˯ȥˡ
˼ԼСϣ˯ڰԵĵϣ˭Ҳû˵ôͷѩ׵񣬲һ˳˯
֪˶ãһըף˼оѡ
͵ʧĿܣˣȴڴʱưôꡣ
Ьӣִҩռһɡ߳
ⲻ֪ȴ˼첻ѣǿһӵﻶźӺ󣬰벽ҲûԼ˻ȥ
ɳĮһһ꣬һ£˽ʿǵĳˮ⣬Щʿʹʹϴһ裬ֱһٶõĺ¶
һۣͿ˲Ļ棬εҸطˣΪӪ£һŮˡ
䣬껹ͣȴǶʪͷ˽
˼æһ׸ɾ·󣬺Ҳܻ䣬ų˼Ͱ·ˡ
˼ҲûʲôǶѾǷˣֻ仹СЩ黹Ǹöűš
ѰطҪϴµÿˣҪͣˣ㼸¿ܶϴ衣
·˳˼
˼Цôˮϴ裬ˣϴ裬ҪʲôʲôҸǲŲһأ
ѽҲǰȻ¶ˣ֪Ҳˮϴˣһζ̫ˣ
ԼĲӣһʵֵĳ˼С
˼֪ˮȵˮˮкдķ۳˵ˮˮˮɾ
ҲΪʲôڱˮ֮϶ɢһζԭʵǲȣǷ۳еԪظɵͺñĹҲŵһζ
ţһƿö
˼ЦЦתʹһƿʿˮ
֪ʲôǽˮһֳ
ţⶫãˡ
ֻһˮζͱζ۷
ζ̫㣬֣չһϮһ˫Ů֣ùķģģȻޱȡ·һüŵζϿһСұСŮˣʵϵֿܾͬչζһ֣Ҳ
˼ҲΪܵĺһˮеϢˮ㣬ֻ𻨣ζŨֱϡˣΪ˱ƬãһˮͷţǱǱӡԼļܡ
˼뺮Գбн
ǵӪؾбǻʮ·в̫ʵڳ˼ܶҩռ䣬ΪûнӴйбǵϢ˭֪ĳǳģȥб棬ʲôطȫȵȣ֮Ÿָ⡣
ˣ絽б㡣
ʮ·˵ԶȴǱͷӳ˼һ·ģʱθﶼڷ
һڳǱĴʱ˼۾˲һ˵ףбǵĽ˵Ĳ˹ֱһģһ
бһĵط
Ǿ°ɣøŵĻ
ߵĲˣһա
˼СֻɺŴ
վͷշֱһ£ͷվͳԶȥ
˼ȴǿǰԶбǴţ˳õĳ˼
Ҫ˵ڶûҽӣбǵĽǽ˵һȥʿ龰
֪˼ǰͱһˮˡ
վһԵĺܸо˼΢Ĳû˵۾ѾƳ
ã˼һЦſпʲôȫĵط
Щ굹һбǣǵóǧ״һˮӣһӣΡ
ţǺã۾ϣҴȥ
˼סԺźΪĻ档
-

196 ŭ

һת֮䣬˼ʹź˵ӡ
ܲҵǣ˸վͱһȺѲߵĻ˸š
Ϊ֮ǰбһ˽ļһүȫǣ˽ߵͬ
ⲻɲɵãָȺİˡ
ʲôģǲ񱾵˰ţȥү
˿
һ˳˼ǰңֻܿãνЩ˴ͷġ
ԶԷŵ̬ȣҲǲȻŭ
ֵǣ˵ʲôĿǰֱɱǵͷȥү׵
һǰ˸Ļߺߵ
еɱˣŮľͱɱˣ˳ƯֵǼٺ١
¶а⣬ľͳų˼Ц
ֱӣӴݼ伷
һȵӰ㳯ż˷ɱȥȴǺӿһ͸˵ľż˵ĺʹ˹ȥ
Ҳ֪ʩչʲô򣬲һϱֻʣ¼˱ʬ塣
˼ǻǣǱ̴˺ɵһ
ѵһǾˣĻȫɱأ
Ƿ豾ģ㶼ˣϧ
̧䣬һ˫Ѫ۾ǽ˼һ
һ£һ˳Ǳ˻߷ŭĻʱ۾Ѫɴ˿ɼˡ
˼ҰһҲںʱջһס˼ûɣ
ûУҵӺܴġ
˼Ȼû˵ʲô滹һӰġ
ˣٴڸ϶ȫǺһջסȥ
ڽһʱ϶ų˼֣һɿ
һҿջ棬Ž˼ɿ
ջﶼǲҹ죬ǹˣÿֻͣҪϸӣʲôʱסԡ
˼һ̤ջվڹ̨Сæк
λ͹ţȻбǵ˰ɣ֪λҪһʲôķ䣬ǳէҸǴۡ
һϺõķ䣬ڴ۾ˡ
ۿСҲСĽͣٶų˼ͱ˶¥
Сͷİôۣζܴһˮˡ
λ͹٣¥Ǹǣλߡ
С䣬һ˶ԪӶ¥һָ˹̨ϡ
Сӣȼģæͳź˼ķְݡлλү
Сӵ˵ĵǣλ͹Ҳ֪סãһ־ʮӣҪ֪ʮ㹻ҿջסСˡ
ȻɲЩԸλ͹Զסȥסһߡ
磬˼л˯Уͱˡ
ôˣ˯ɣ
˯ˣйٲջйˡ
˻һֱ˼ͷˮҪ¶
˼ϵЬӺ󣬾źԼӶ¥ĴһԾ¡
ȵٲţôҲò˺ֱײѾ߲
ҹˮԵʮĻȴ¶бǵ֪ŵ緹ҳԣùٲ참
ܲĵطǶھŲ飬ס䷿ĿˣŲߣƫƫ
˵ʲô˵˶Է顣
ֵǣ׷
Ϊ׵Ĺٲһ£ĹٲӶľʩչṦӷź˼뿪ĵط׷˹ȥ
СһĻŵǻɢٲͷҵʱ򣬾Ƕڹ̨ɪɪ
ٲͷӺĽСһ˳һ£סǼ䷿Ŀ˶ʲôӡ
Ҳ֪ϵر˶ȥˣסǼѰ˼źǸͷֺǸŮˣѽҲˡ
СʾԼҲ֪
ٲͷ˲ͻˣһСĶӣŻڶ¥Ųٲ˵С֪˸ǰô˺úһ󡣡
Сһ֪ˣ;ú
˭˲֪֪үҪ̣ϵԩٴбǵɳӶ࣬Ǽ֪ˣ·ûˡ
뼰ˣ¥ϵٲҪʱСŶӴӵվ˵ˣһһŮǱˡ
ߣǲײĲѽȥúš
Сû뵽˵ʵٲͷӻǲš
ޱȵĺڣ˵ˣȴҲֻ˵ЩʲôҲ֪
С˾˫ָٲһ˾ֱӱ˿ջ
-

197 ĸ

Ȼ˲֪ǣ˼뺮ʵδԶ
źų˼ӴһԾ£κǰĻѶǲòأջֲܴ֮£˼ʹźҩռ䡣
ҩռ䣬ֽٲͷСĶԻ˳˼뺮Ķ䡣
Сܾҵ˲ȥˡ
ţġ
ҲСС֮ǰٲͷӴ۵ķϣӦþСһأϾСά˼ģκζԷһᵽбǵ֪Сûȥ˼
֪Ҳͽүı֮ƣһСҲүͬһǿ׳ˡ
ڸĽ̯ϳ극󣬳˼뺮㵽бǵ֪ſڡ
֪ſΧһЩգǽſڶĵ˿Ϸ죬ֻͷСĲҽ
٣ץһСʲô⺢ҿųģһбʿۺأ
ȡûб񶼳ʲôӣղóǣ˲ٹһ꣬Ƕñ

˶ԴԴǡ
˼뺮վںһ˼ǸжɣҪȺмȴǱһס
嶯Ͷ
Сô죬ٸĥ𣿡
Ҳ
ԵõΧ۵İտһۡ
˼˲ôСˣǣ뺮·ʼҥ۶ĺѾŶʮפڳ⣬Ҫ˶ñ̤ƽбǣһƽȶԴЩƻһɸɱۡ
ƶһԵֱӳ֪˵ֳ
ٲһ߻ǵĵֻɵǺǵվһҲ
Сӣ֪ΪŰ𣿽͸һȥȻǺ˳ǣС
һλšһٲĶߡ
˼˶ЦˣȻٻǵðŽƷס
֪ҳһ࣬˼뺮ҾͰСˡ
·ϣ˼һһ߸СƣԶһЩƤˣӪпΣ˼ûС϶ѹ
ߵһ·ڵʱ򣬳˼ֱͳСΡ
ʱסεСЩĿ˼
ҽͳǣΪ˾СǽϮôҪ鶼˵˳ȥһ׼ⳡսҪˡ
أһˣġ
ҸղŴһ˿е֪ү᲻ɱӤǽ佻һũţ˻ţҪȥǺӾȻ˵ܳΪⳡսơ
˼Ծ⺢ӣҪЮүͶһ¶е飬үǲԼ׶ӣһʱ޷ܣӤֿͲβү
֪Ǹдıˣ˼ú˵һصӪأһʮһ֮
ţİɣҲǸ˴ˡ
˼ظһڱصõӡ
˵ףҪԶԼе᲻á
˼СͳǺ󣬾͵ԭȵǼҿջٶס
Сһߣƹľͳˡ
ƹǸʮˣ֪С˾ˣ֮£͸סڿջһķѣУҲ˼Ϻ÷䡣
ƹ񲢲ʶ˼ֻбǳһλˮѾͷǷǼһ¶
˼һЦͼˣ16ٹһʱ17ˡ
ŶӴõһѾͷҲ֪ļСӡ
ƹϲ˼Ѱ˼ŸԼĶѰһ£ϧ
ƹţһߣһո¥ĿȴĪεˡ
˼״æܹȥ˼
һλأʮҵĸˣļãҲ֪ǲǳ˼ۻȻ⸾˵ü֮пһ˿
һ飬˼ֻҴ˻бȽصĹĲ
ʱûƹĲΪЧļҩɣ
ţ˼ʹڴһƿЧһƿ޽ˮ
ҩ쵽һι˺ºһ¸˵Уһ˹
λû¶ɣ
ˤ۵ļ죬󿴵˼һƿ֥Сҩ󣬱˳˼ݡ
ѽлλŮУҪ㣬ҪݺȥˣڻɽҰи˵أ
˵Ÿ˱
-

198 


˼һ˲Ĵ㶣⸾˵˿ţǲ⸾ЩǷѾˣ⸾˲ǻմ֢
˼˼ʼæȥᡰλŮУһҪСסһ죬Ҵ飬ؽл
˵գ˱ŵĳ˿ջ
˼ŤͷȥƹƹҲһãȻ
˼͵һƣһ¶Ҳûаϡ
Щʱ򣬳˼ʮ
ʮһ£װһӸ磬ֳֽȣǴֵǵָô˾ñŤ
˼ɵó˳ǡιҲ̫ˣ紩¡
Ŷˣȥ·»ᵢ¶
ʮľģ˵ʵڴ´ϻ治ôں
˼εҡҡͷðɣֻҪӣ㡣
ֹ˼ʱң˼һ۴⣬ʱѾҹ
׻˵ºڷߺð¶ʱʱ
ʱ򣬳˼Ѿѵص壬ھ͵ʮȥˡ
ûдӿջĴߣʮų˼ʩչṦӶ¥ĴһԾ¡
Ҫɣ
ʲôֱȥǡ
˼Ųһ·Ŀأ
ʮˣֻһ˼ҼȻԸ⣬ҲʵûУǾֻһڵϹĽֵǰߡ
ӼߵбǵƫƧԭשѾɳȡ
˼ɨһǰͿһźӭ
أɳĮϵһɳɳͬʱƤҲҪͨƤҪ³´лĿĶ࣬Դʱ䣬ܿѩһƬɡ
ɳĮֵط¹һǺ˾ǵ϶Ĺ㺮һжôľ׶ء
ôר߰
ʮߵĺúõأͻȻ˾ƫˡ
˼ŤͷһʮҸʹˣҪҵүĶӣҪƬ֡
ʮҡӹһ䡰ԭˡ
˼ֻǰЦ˵ʮӵܵӰڣϧûһ˼ҡ
һС͸Ϸ࣬Ǻʮһϰӣ㽫˰
˼һʱҲʹʮ顣
ʵϣʮıԶֹЩ
ʮںߵЩʱհ֪Լĸĸڵ۶ǡ
ȻҪܱĶⳤģʹ˼ˡ
ʱʮĸĸ̫ˣֻнӸˡ
ʮһʼҲ⣬Ҳ˸ĸѴ
һգʮԼ˶Ǯ׼Тĸĸ
룬ߵſڣǸĸٸˣԭʮջԭʮĸĸһֺеˣʱȶã
֪˸ĸʮȻȥ
ãһฮѾߣһںѾߡ
˷˼ǣǳ˼ʶˡ
ֱ죬˼Ҳǲ֪ʮãһС䣬һǱҡ
˶ܺԼĸ֪ټ棬ΪҲǱ֮ܲǵӺˣԼĸĸΪ˿ڣסǴΰɣ
˼Ҳ֪󣬶ʮء
ԣʲô飬Ҫʮæ
ˣǻ˼ҡ
һ˼ָһͰƾɵӸʮ
ʮһۣ̲ס
ְƣ滹üľ׮ţͷƤǵţͷ¹һհɭɭģˡ
ȱȥȥ̽һ̽ʵ
ʮ֣Ϳ첽ߵ˳˼ǰ
Ҳ߳һˣΪ׵һˣ߻ѾģŮǸʮ߳һϷޣǺ
˼ڼ˿ҪʮʱһסʮһԵɳȥ
ԭĪүĸף
˼ɳֹ
ʮҲ֪һЩ顰үĸ׿ɲʧ˵ĳ𣿡
ô㻹֪һЩҲ֪ġ
˼ɵĿʮ
ʮԴһ˵أԭҪģ˭һТ˳ĶӣҲү֪ԼʼݱˣԼĸȴҪһѳʱ޷ܣǵڶ죬оʹ˳ԾϢֱҲ֪Ƕƭˡ
˼ʮĻүһµ֪еҲ̫
-

199 ץ

λɱˣٱҺҵҸǣΧ˲ֻٰҪǸ˺ҵҾűѡ
һپǰϷޣϷŵͷ
İɣһúչ
һ䱣ֻ֤ȥ
ܿ죬һ˵ȵĻ£ͣڷӺﳤȥ
ɳĳ˼ʮڼߺ󣬱ƻν͵֡
˼ã˼ǾýҩռȽ׵Ϊ˰ȫ룬ʮҪΧİǡ
ʮһȳ˼һɳ˳û룬˸һڷİ㼯ÿ˶ֻ֣¶һ˫ɱӡ
һʮʩչṦ㣬ǸһӰ̣ʮԴǲݵġ
˼е㵣ʮҲӿж
ͼһӡ
ڵֻϷ޵Ӥ˼ǵɴҲûƼ
ǣ˼Ϳʼڵ񣬾׼һӴ֮ʣһްʲô
˼һתͷ䷿ڵȻȴһ۵Σм䣬һȺ˵İһ˯ϷҲһֶĿⶢų˼
ðǸ׽Ūҡ
ߣɩ⻰̫صˣȻ˱бǣΪβһۣСİ֮
˼ץ˰Ҳڡ
һŵȥĿתĿү˵ɣô
籾ԣɩǸ֮ˣҽ˵ãôҲѻκñĶӣ㲻
˼⻰е㷴Ӧ
ղ˵үɣ
ɩҪᣬĶ뱾ֵͬܣֻȱһӡ
үš
˼ϸϸһүү߳񣬲үȴʮֵգƤҲǳֹͭɫȫȫһ͵˧磬үȻֲһҲ֣Ϊү˲
ֲһƱŮˣǮգŮţ
ԭ˫̥
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ͬʱҲڻţү˵үͬĻ磬κĶӣͰбǹãȻ˺ð죬ȴһ䲻ͷá
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ϻ˻ҲˡҽߣǱȻҪбǵıȨȻʲôҲ

үһ˼⻰ÿüëֱšһš
󣬷Ÿ˴ƿͼʮıף˫ҲӰ󣬲ϻѵ
ʮô
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ʮЦٺ˵
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ס֣ͱҲˡ
𶯣ַźãֶα֪ǬҲ棬ǱΪܾɵֻҪ㶯֣ͷء
˼Żסˣ⻹ͷһظв
үһ֣ʮͱ˳ȥ
˼ȥ׷үֿˡܣһʲôҪģǱĻҲŶˣҲָĻ㣬ѱ
㶼ʲô
˼˸үֱĿǡ
ɩĶ֪Ǽٴ˴ŶʮҡУʿһǻѪֻΪɱУأרһЩЭƲֹսɢҲ˵Ǳļֵܿɾûô˵ˡҲǸһΣⳡսӮ˱ͰһүܱҲֻܵı֮ˣҳ˵۶Ѿҳһ࣬һֺη
˼үĻΪүںĿУȴǵûϵĵһѡ
ž߰ɣ
νĵ֮ҲүĻȴһսϽ˵ġ
Ϊһҽߣһ뵽ֻǼΪ˽ŻӰ쵽ƻԼʵƳˡ
˼µûֲһ׷ˣ㡣
ɩ汾סţӾͽˡŮţӦڼӣ̵¶˵ģҲȥ͡
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200 һ

˼鲻Ըҹסһ϶û˯š
ڶʱ򣬳˼èۣһŤͷͿһˡ
˼ʶľʲôʱģ
ɩػţһʱǰˣѾˣ˿Ҳ˵ʲô
ү˵ǷƵĲ豭
˼ĵǣȻ˶ǺģʲôŮб𶼲֪
˼ץϺ󣬱ʣ£
ĸײˣȻҪĶӿ˳ĸ׿ɣ
ĸ಻ãƽܲ÷¶
˼붼룬㽫ǳĲ˵˳
ү죬ɩ֪ʱ˼ٵ
үеĲ豭һš
Ǹеһһӣ仹һʯƣİͬ˼һʱ뵽ıǰͷͷ
үСү첻ˡ
ʲôô飬㻹ĥĥš
үվҪߡ
˼ȻûүĶӣȴҲ岡֢֪һ
岡ֺ֢ܶƤֱ뿪С
ڶе֢״Ϊֲ˹һ࣬һλһθ
ͬʱ˼ҲţӤǧҪǺߣһǺߣ޼ƿʩˡ
ϾġΡθڶʮһҲǺɵģΪһҽ˵Ҫ߳ҽԼҵʮľ鷽ɡ
үһеһ䣬ֻɫ԰׵ĳһӤ޵ǽһҡ
˼״æóӤŵϡ
һǳ˼ϾԼ
ŶӴԭҶ˵ҽ㰡벻ǻԵ֣
뵽˼ڿջһһ뵽ȥңûҼǸŮУⲡͲɵ÷ˡ
һߣˣҲ׷ȥ
˼ֻӦһΧŵĴɢѾ߽Ŵ򿪡
׳˼Ϊôе㽹ܲ÷紵ֻĲ顣
˼ʮԼڸƲʱ򣬱ָָ㡣
үᵽ˼һԼĸ˵˵һ䣬ҪǻҽҶȿࡣ
㻹˼˵Ҫ㻨ƵأôĶ𣿡
үһੲݣ˼ֻʶҪըˡ
ߺ޵Ťͷǳұ죬Ҫ˵ܽ⣬һʲôС
˼⻰ƴͷŶͶء
˼Ҫ⺢汣סˣҲ̫ģΪǻҲ϶˰ۣǰ;ˡӣҪһǿвŻŮ˹ţҽǺзࡣ
ǲ֪˳ɻûС
뵽ͰԼõһߣһͷߵү߳˷䡣
үǲ⡰ʲô
㰡ǸľҼҽò绨ûȢؼ𣿡
֪˭𣿡
үԼ׼ֱﵽ˼㡣
֣صҽ
ҽǱ˼ڿ˰ɣ
үһһٵ˵
ֻǳһԵеʧ䡣
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νڲҲǵһϵ㻹ҵĴӡ
ݡܻ֪ĶʮĹϽɣ
үЦһ
ˣүǵԼĸ׵ĳļο£боʮɳĮɢǻƴĶʮҲӮ
һҲĴ̣ĵľĶӸ
סҲҪȫԼңᣡ
Լ˵ĻүĶھҵȼա
꣬ڹоֻ뵱һʵͽӣӲҪҪ
ƴУԼ
ЦǣǸϲģһ죬ҪǸѳᣬƾʲô
Ը⣬ʱˣͳһѰ׹ǡ
ĵϣһүʵȴҪˮ
»ʣĹ˳ܻصȥԣֻһսҪôܣҪôһͷβķ
ԼĶӺһ˫۾֪ӿ϶˵Ǽ顣
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201 ڽ˰

ĪҪĸʣǼĹشܷܲ˰ɣһҲңվĸʣˣﻹ꣬Զأ
ûиʣһͨͨĸˣǱ͹ˡ
үٸ˵ʲôΪ˵ȥܻϲĹˡ
үתҪ￴ʲôһתͷž͸˴һأŴ
ү㲻ʲô߳Ѿߡ
ҽ˵ϸµƲһԿţġ
ţϾǱĶӣСһЩҲǺõġ
ǣү˰˵Ӻͳһ澲صš
ãڴһУȷǳ˼ĺүһ
վȥţ˼ѾŴˡ
˼˼СҰף۾лỨ̱ڵأס
үҲеסǲûˣ
ĺΣҷȫļ飬ǾȻһࡣұŵòᣬΪҪȵĻֻܻһҪȣҪҵƥ࣬Լơ
˵һûĶӰһġ
ҲΣռֵģвӶΪҵޣ˵ҪվһһҹúۣûܰңһжҪԼƥ࣬һвһһʣΪѪҺȽ϶أԴ»Ҫԭȥ˿ڱȽϾۼԴҲǲųز۵ӤУǽһӤ๱׳µ˸ĸģҲûԸ⣡
˼˵˺ܳһͨĻ
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ôƽһУȥǳصʱ򣬽ʿǲǶźƽһ˼Ҳƽڰ·Ͻɱأ
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ս޷⣬үĶҲþȣϾ޹ģǵϷԼȥɣ
ֻһҽߣʥĸ
극˼ʹҩռһԴ¹Ч
мǧѪֽֽǳ߼ԲԳѪ͸ܲԶԷǷм
̸үʹúүǲԭѰܹƥԴ
֮ʣүҲһǿѲõֶλȡԴǶԷҲҪӦ£ΪȱľǮ
үڰߺҲûţ˵˼ʱĻŴӭˡ
˼һĶڽƣһߵҲԴʱһӣʲôû䵽
кһҪǰأ᲻
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ǸʵڳԲ¡
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ҲĨᡰ˵̵һҶӣһݣϵֺã벻ףĹϵ޷úദ
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ǰ˵׻ǵһͨͨϰպãڻʼɼ㿴ү⼸ֵܣ˵ͬɣȴҵ飬ⲻƫˣǵԴ¿ˡ
ɲǱ¿ˣɹĹ¿ߵݡ
ҧݣ޼ɹĹȻã˱˵ĹҪЩֵܰԸԼĸֱǸɵӡ
˵Цʱ򻹻ᱧһʹޣǸԼһԼ׶ҪŮ˳Ϊ˹ۣµͷ
˼˲٣㿪ʼϸµļ顣
ǹĲ֮⣬
˼˺ܶЧ裬оʱٳԣƽﲻҪԣΪԶ˻ҩڿ
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ȴûôãսһֱƣΪĽʿͲɳĮ֮ˣĻԼӦȲүĽʿ
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үҲûֵãǰ󽫶ɱˣȴûгʤ׷ڵһѵĻᣬĻһ
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˿ëʽһĽʿڰֽдԱص۶öЩսɳ˸οʺ⳥
ȴͻļ񣬽һֶдˡ
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202 ϴ

˻Ӫء
Щ벻ףʦ
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ʿ˳ȥ
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ʵʵ˵ûй˼
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˵ˣүĽʿ˻Ӫص飬˿̣Ϊ¶Ҫ˵һ˵ԼĿ
û˵˼Ȧ˾ͺȻЦˡ
ǻ֮ߣݿȱʱ򣬽һ򾡣
һ֮ߣѴӵ۶˴ݣ;īӦݿȱ
Цֶֻ
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ȵߺ󣬺ı㿪ʼ˼˼Ҳ֪бǹˣ
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аǵţ˼ܸӷĵͶ뵽Ӥȥˡ
Ϸţ˼˯еӤҩռС
⼸˼ÿ춼ڸӴӪ룬Ŀϣһ壬ĹУҲΪ͸֧ʲôõ顣
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Ϊ˰ȫ˼ǸһѪҺĲ⣬ܽѪҲӵȫƥ䡣
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˼ǸޱϸĵˣӽҩռʱѾԼȫ
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ݱĽţȺĳΧųȲͣߡ
ͷҲ۵һΪүĶӾġ
ʱһһȥӰ쵽ϣٷվųԵģȵҹĲУǰѴ̧Ժ˯ҲҪķ䡣
˱ҲԷϯų˸ɴΪүĶ
ʱ򣬳Ĺѣ͵Ѿǰš
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뵽ʹ˼͵ԵĽȥ
û룬շԸȥͱһվſڵİֹˡ
ҽܸ˴ţҪܳԷҲڶ
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е˰ѴԺˣȻ˯죬ܼʱ֪Լһӣ֪˶һӰҽһҲϧ
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203 ϱ

ʵͦģǸһǶǴҳǳһҪԵһҪԵǸ˯Ҳǲ֪ϵôϵ
Ȼ⻰Ƕֻͷ˵ǲõġ
ҩռĳ˼һķսǽɹͽһӵڣ÷Ϲ󣬳˼̱ˡ
ֱ˵ذϣʲôҲûü˳˯С
ĳִϵȵ˰ҹٹʱҹˣе㵣Լҽˡ
ʵסèĴϿȻʲôҲƲ
ڳҪͱƴֽʱ򣬷Ŵ˼˿
һֿٽŸϡ
ʮֳɹһڣңκ˲ý䣬һº󣬶Ĵӡ
˼˵ţͳųȥ
Ƿѽ⡰㶼κˣ˿𣿡
˽һ죬οҽһű˵໻һȱʧ˿ãٱЩԴĻȾˣ»٢ҲѾˣ
˼ȴϸĵĽ⡣
󣬳ֻѡЭû취ֲУԣֻΣ
ģ˼סεĿܲó㷹ҶҹûԶˡ
ĺˣⷹÿʱҾȥһ飬ǻŻʱӡ
˼֣һţһ߿ų˼ԣ˽˶˹ɿ˼֡

ʵûа취˼ָֻڳǰ˻ΣӦ󣬾ų˼ԺӵͤС
Էζô
˼֪ʲôԵ뱥ʱ򣬳˼ǽ˶ʱɻ˳
үأôãҲչǿĺӣ
ʵɫʱһ䡣
˼ҧſӣԼ˲ʵģΪүүôӣ˿϶ѹϣҲ⡣
ȻĻشȴó˼Գ˸һε֪
Ů˲䵱һĸףӵʱ򣬾ȻָԼĺ˵ǹ˭Ҳûôţ쳳ţ˵ҶͲϲ˾ͳ˲עϵɱˡ
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˼úӵûдʱǲӵ檣ǲóĺġ
˼һͬܡ
ѽһŮˣֻϧҶûк㣬ҪȻȥȫҲҪҶȢ֡
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бΪߵ˼еĽʿƽȻĳǳؾЩ
ؽֽСҲôһŸӣĶſڡ
˼ר˽й䣬ûиһҲûдһˣţһһĵطΣ羰һѷ顣
ߵһ¥˼˽ȥ
Сһò裬ţ⣬ҪƬ
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Сѵһžһλɫɲ͵Ĺ˿ͣҲˡ
һ򣬾͸˼Ϻõնţ⡣
ڳ˼׼һ˵ĳˮʱһӰ˲¥һѽ˳˼ϣϵһֱֻۣѾԣ˿ҩʳҽϽĩһȥɣ
һīӵܣһ£òãʮꡣ
ԣ˼ֱϷһӣţˮݸλŵˡ
ϢƬ̣һһˡ

ģܿġ
˼ͷźȴҲϢߣΪʮүţ˵ڶ֪һߣѱүʮ֡
ΪȺȥʮһҽߣ
ԣóӦһ£ȥȥͻأҲó
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204 ж

˼ȥ˵˴£Ҳ˼飬ó˼Ϊãıƺ
˼ֻص˲¥
ǸŵīˣҲŸոճһţ⣬ȴǼˣæţˮŵϡ

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˼վֲԶѾбǵĻˣߴīˡ
īԴӼ뵽˺£ѧ˼⺮˺ķޣȻ뺮ġ
ûж룬㽫˼ִϡ
󣬳˼סī˵󣬳˼ܹܵīʱԾһȻǺ±˵ǳ˼

˵ҲôģֻҪ۾е۾ʱٳţ⡣
˼ãī˧羹˿ɰŮ󶼻ŵ̶ֳȡ
ڲͣ߿еţ⣬һһϵ
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춥˵Ǻ¥Ͼ͵Զۡ
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Сùá
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Ҳ˵ֱ˭նģնֱ۵ĵȴǴ˾綾˼ϴ̣ҪϱѾѪ͸ѪĶ˼нѪҺһߡ
ȷϱް֮󣬳˼ſʼѵĽֱۡ
˼ҩռæµǲ֪ѾӰ쵽ϡ
ۼų˼ûг·Ϳʼֻ롣
ǲǺ첻ˣôѪ
-

205 ֹʹ˨

·磬ҽֶ᲻֪ҽĪҪ˼ˡ
䲻Ը·˵оСӾڶҡġ
ţһÿյĽʿҲţʱŤͷܿѹѹһƬʿһ˫۾ضźܸܵ޴ѹ̩ɽѹһѹ޷
һ򲽽ҪǺ¶Ҵʮָ˭쵼
һ뵽ǣ˼ĸְĸ磬֮⣬ֻкˡ
ֹ˼ʱ˼ǽĶϱ۽Ӻá
ǣںߣǩʼòԼϲѪ
ŵ㣬õѵʱ̣δѡ
˼ƺǺȻ俴ŵ̨ڰરવϵѪ
ô£ѾѪҺֹס𣿡
˼
ΪѪλø嵲ţ˼Ψнתܿľ
Ǻ˺صˣŽֱ۽ȻҶ
ǣҲѪһֱôš
ȥ˼ֻ뵽һ취
һ֧أֱӸһ֧Уʹ֧
ûһָһ֧ҩһ˲˹
ʹĴšۡ
˼ס˺壬ʹŲӣõĸ첲棬𣿡
ܡ
Ұһֻͷϵĺ鲻ͣع䡣
˼ӵĺһᣬޣܿ޵ģΪ˻Ӱߡ
ҧأʼճ˼˵ȥ
˺üζʧˣԼˡ
ۣñЪһ
Ŀų˼˫ÿ۾Ҳ·ʧȥ˹âһú
˯Ҫ˯˾пҲѲˣء
ںҪ۾ʱ򣬳˼־͸˺һİƣˣŵӺ˺֡
أʮɶأ˵ҲǸЦȻԼֶ⸱ģԽԽȥˡ
˼ͼ˵һ˵һ߼
û룬ӻͦãб˼ĻִŴŭǸСӣҪʹթֱ
˼ãæתʼ麮ļ
ⲻãһʱһ
ںıϣһ̼棬Ƕ̼ǿĵģ˵ףһֶ̼˵ƤϵѪҺͻˮͷһϵ
ǣûпŵλѪ
˼һʱ벻ףɴͿʼ
ȡ˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳѣͼ˼׼ں˿ڴʮֿӵʱͣ
ΪʹŴĺ˵ŵ㣬Ҫѵʱε㱳ϵĶ̼
ΰɣͦס
ʹѣںһʹںˣҲƹˤˡ
ʹҲ֮ǰûпǿ
˼ۣһͰǶ̼ŵ˿ڴİ
˼벻ǣ̼ƵļΪ
ͷǶĵͷЩͷڶ̼ļͷ˵Ƥ󣬾ͻĽ˵ѪҺͷš
˼ãбҪһ̼
̼һߣ㿪ʼΪ˵˿ڡ
Ȱ꣬˼ú¡
һ̣ǳһ֮ǰʹŭ·ͨ˳ȥ
Ȼֻϵģʵϣȫ·ۡ
۵ĶѾڳݲˣ˼˵˼Ҳһû
Ҹһֹʹģˡ
˼һֹ֧ʹҩϡ
ûһ֧ǺۣȻ˵˲٣˼ܹܵȫڷ
˼ֻøһֹ֧ʹġ
Ȼûá
˼˼Ƭֻ̣̫˻˯ֹʹҩҲˡ
ֹֻʹ˨ˡ
ǳ˼õĶҲֹʹЧмЧҩ
򡭡и취ֹʹǲ֪ԸԸ⣡
ʲô취ֻܽ
˼յĶ߶һ
һ˲쵽˲Ӹ
Ҳ˵˼ڼ˵ͱʾͬˡ
󣬳˼ֹ֧ʹ˨˳ڳ˼ʼжʱ򣬺˿ڡȵȣⶫΪηҪŵǸط
ΪԽҩЧֱͨӹᴩߵĴԣûߵҲŷɡ
˼ͣǺԸҲҪֹʹ˨֮ԻҲǳڻصԭ
-

206 ͽ

˼һʱüͷĸоʴ񾭣Ҳ̲סг
ȵܵʱ򣬳˼ѾСֵֹʹ˨Ѿɹ룬ҶԷˡ
ֹʹ˨ҪȺֹܶʹҩҪЧԭעķʽΪء
ָ֣˼;ø첲Լʹ˲٣ʹ㹻˯ߡ
ɺ˯˼вɵöһ˿ӡ
˱ҩ㻹˭ù
ܶ࣬Ҷǲˣҩ
ס죬ҩֻܱһʹãȻҲҪãûС
Ŷ
˼ͷ˵ʵȴֿ˻
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ҲеΣϾҩõĵطֱֵᣬʵס
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Ȼʲô¶ֻܺңҲ
˼ϵĶ̼һ뿪ҩռ䡣
˼ˣһֻȥƱӡ
ţһֱһĸоеʹе͡
ȫʹȫ첲ȥʹҲˡ
һĹӱװʱһӾͺˡ
Ů˻ʲôĳ
ҧ
εǸӣһȴ۵õһҪ˼־Щݣ˼룬˱˯ˡ
ӣҲʲô˲Ķ޷ܡ
һҽڸʱ򣬶װܣУڻԵ£ﻵס
ǲ֪Щ˼Ҳĵر֮һһʡȥ˵ĻͲ䵱һҽ
ҩռĳ˼ȥ棬ŵһ˼ˣæǰǿϡһų˼
Ϊ׵·統ʵɺã
һаãˣôī
˼Ŷ̼˭ҲûƼʲôֻϰԵĽֱ
Сùã֪
·߹ų˼ٵĵطߡ
īҲһϲˣ˼ţǸо˼
֮ǰΪ̫æµĺһֱûôԶˮǺ˲١
һɿһԵĳ·ֱ̿ˮ
ţ㡣
˼ܴ󷽣˭èֶأ
ԥĸ˳·һɿ·ùɿ۾ʾīǰ
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·ΪıӰ˼ֻǸʵʵĳԻҺԲ꣬Ȼķݶ
˼˳ų·ʾķȥûֻһɳ
īɳϣеǴе
˼ҴţֻվһĬĬؿš
ãīŷɳ·ˡ
īӪأȻӪأҲ˼־裬ϳ˼ûйīҲܲɱҲȫĵͶ뵽ڹϰС
ī۾ǳ˼æɳԾ¡
˼üīղṦôˡ
˵ЦˣɲǺı޲ߣṦһ¥ǰṦãɱж̫ҪһӲ˴ɸˣҲû취ŵˣ˺̵ڹķûڹһãṦȻȻͺˡ
˼̫īĻ
ȴҲ֪ڹģڹҲṦоٶģԽǿɵҲԽߣԽ졣
ɲī̽Ṧġ
ī˼˿̵˹Ҳ֪תûжʣֻ˻˷
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īһֶصĶ̼ʶľһ
⡭ⲻīҵĶ̼𣿡
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˼ЦӯӯĿī
īľѣ¶ûйϵ
Īڻҡ
ûУûл㣬ڻµīӵܡ
֮ǰīұ͸үᣬīīȻѾ˳ǲܾͷɱ˾˵ˡ
īˣԭȥ
˼Ȼ뵽һˡǸƽīͲĳأ
ϻûӪ𣿡
ī˼
ȴ־ʮͻأϾ˼ֲӪأҲŻġ
-

207 ĳ˵

뵽īк˫ű˷һмӪȥ
˼˵˵ҲɶǸ˵ϡ
˻ģģµΩΩФʲôɲġ
˼Ҳ˹ȥһ
رأ˼ҪȥȴǱʿסˡ
īĵطīӵܣκ˶ܽȥ
Ҳ𣿱ˣǶ˭Ľʿ
˼˵Ѿͦıֱһóס˼ȥ·ʿͿʼˡ
СҪߺ
ʿæ˵ϾԾ֮ɫ
˼һЦĲǶأúøɣ͡
˼߽ⷬʿģɡ
˵ʲô˼ѽ
˭֪أԺĶܣǹǹܺ𣿡
ʿΪ˼˵ǷԳ˼ߺͷš
˼Ѹپͱܹ棬¾˺ü
ȷ磬ͼ˼ʮ¯ӡ
Ա߻иոճ¯ıź¶ޱȡ
֣أ
˼¿˿ڡ
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ڳ˼׼һ¯һ¯ӵļʱϱߵһ¯ӺȻī

ˣ˼϶Ųõķչˣ첽ܵһ¯Ӻ棬ȴǿīϸʮϵֶ̼īڵ͸ˡ
˽Ǳ̼ˣ˼һīÿһ̼ԴīѨλϣЩѨλˣīʧȥκη
ԷǾīīһѪ
˸еֶΣϴȥīɱī˵ɡ
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˼жýˣ˳ĲΪӣ˳ǱСˣһСӶǸ߿
ˣ书ߣҶǲү¡
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˼˵ķƵȴͬһ㿴
ðΣ̿ˮֵ̿ԺͲҪˣ˱ˣҲܣҲˡ
⻹ࡣ
˼ջߣ㽫Ѫܵȡ
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208 Ŀ

º󣬺īҩռ䣬īڻԣԭǳ˼̫ѹ
ΪһˣϾֶһ֪ܡ
˾뿪ҩռ䣬Ҳܴ˾ͺˣǳȥڴϣȻÿܳ˼Ĺˮ
ֹ˼죬ȥСӵİˡ
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ֻϧīһյ˾
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ǰĹǻѾ˴īլ
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˼ʮԼ뿪̫ãүǽʱҲδصס
ϾĶӻϡ
ʮҲˣǸ˶衣
˼Ҫ׼бˣ̸ΣգȴҲúʮֵġ
ղŷֶ֣ŵ֪֮࣬ΪԼûܵϻϣӶǺޱȻҲôݵ֡
үδؾĴѻʵ֮λһϾһʵˣĻԼڻʹ¡ԣôҲΪ˵춨ԼھеҪȻԼĴڣεбǵү
˼һ飬˵ĺԶԡ
Ҳ̲סų˼˴Ĵָǽü
ЦˣʦҲ㡣īˣȻ޷ٳִŵùˣҲֻˡԣֵʱˡ
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үתһ˫ЦЦ۾ų˼
˼ɵûһҲ̸ӻڻָڣûг׺֮ǰͲãҪ֪һõĿǱ˵࣬һųԣʱΣաλΪ¶ҪȻĶˡ
˼ӦԣҲǰү˵һǲţҲܹᵽĶõǱ˵࣬ͺñȸһʿŮװҪϵս
϶ȡ
ʵ˼Ҳû˵ѣ˵Ķġ
ҪΪ˸ԼҸɣҲὫӴҩռų
ǲܹо³ģү˼ְӴҩռ䡣
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209 ʤ

˼а֮࣬ʱÿ춼ų˵֣ĹϵųĻǼֱ͸׽졣
ͬʱӳ˼Ҳ׳˹ǸСӵȷϢ
С˴󹦣ʹһССļıúĽʿһԣүڸͷСӡ
˼֪ս޿ɱģǱ뺮Ӫкīɱīƾ㣬˼ɱСӡ
˵ŨǾСӵãŨһӻˮ
ߣʲôʤٻųȥ
˼ĿźӪصķ򰵰ġ
ǽԼΣ֮أҲСӶһ졣
У˼׼ʮϿɱСӵĶһֵĳɹߵģҲǳ˼һСϵġ
һٳɹôĶͿʡˡ
ڵһϣ죬Сϲ̵żһͬǰ
˼Ϊ˱ӣ屧Ϊɣܾ硣
ʵϣѾ˾ķ䣬˿̣ҩռһƱյｻ
Сڱʱ⣬һ˵Ӫͷһʮľʦֻûܽ˸ɱˣֻҪ˶һ죬͸èץһܡ
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Щ˵Ļ˼ڶ
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ү·͸ûһЦɩҵĶܵǲɱǵģΪС
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210 ׸׷

һУó˼ЩѪȷУ˵ҲôȥкӤǵѾǧȵأ
Ȼһ㣬Ҳүƿţ·ǰ˼һûκܵˡ
㵽
˼һ˫۾ʮ컹ǾȲˡ
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ãɱұǰˣû˹ˣҲûˣǲҲõڤظȥأ׳಻ãҪûҵҩָ׼Ĳͻᡭ
˼
ȳ˼ѻ˵꣬үѾĽеĳ˵ϡ
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ʮߺүΧų˼һȦŮ˿һһ飬ֻóһۡ
Ůˣҽһĺܣ
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ǣһɩԺΪѽ
˼û
үһЦǰһɩԣɳĮһѡ
ˣûʲôȤ
ȥһ˴ţ
үǰһʱ˼ֻһ֮ңˡ
ľ룬˼ᵽүŵҡ
˼ãүܲԾĽ˻Ǹ꣬²໵ˮҲ˵
ȥȥߵ𣿡
˵ţ˼һ
үʮֿģҲûеôߣǷԸ˱
-

211 

緹˼鲻Ըĸүһ뿪бǡ
ңǰͬУ˵ǳȥԣץŶԡ
˼鲻Ǻܺãүһ·Ҳˡ
ɳĮ֮ɳؾ˲٣ѾڳɳĮȺĽʿǣˣ󣬳˼үĻռн
ɩǰʮ·һȪ̶滹һֶص㣬㼫Ϊץһֻ㳢ʡ
㡭
˼ɵĿһүôãͷһ˵㡣
ү֪˼Ȥ͵ʵҲǺֻ࣬ǸصĽзͬǵȪ̶ʵһºӣÿˮӿֳ
Ŷ˵о綾ֻһ͡
˼˹ӣʵôϲ㣬仹Ǻࡣ
ү˼ִΪ࣬Ҳ˳ų˼뷨˵ģĳӺó࣬ɩͰĵĳ԰ɣ
˵仰үǼעǰȥ
ֻƽɳ֮ϣһһСӡ
үʱ˷ɩлûһͽš
үİʹһɫǰһѹ˫ֽ˳˼
˼ӹԵЩòɱôɰСǲ˵ģ֮ǲȥģȨǸԼˡ
ּǰУǰ˾Ƕʮ׿ĵط
ģһɫСԴһƽϸߵɳϷ̽˳үһϣĿ˼
˼һǿɰĽĻ㷢һ
ʱһڶĲҽУ˼ľһͨҲУûи
˼ײȴүһϯ֮ء
үʱ˼УԽŨֱѳ˼ëȻ
󻹸ү˵ˣû˼ȥֻ˵Ļ
˼һգү
Ҫߵ˵Ļǰʱ˼ķֻ֣ųȥĶ̼δлڻԱߵɳţǸʲôһ˲ӡ
үʶԣ־Ҫȥ˼
ⲻ֪үɳȴڴʱͻȻ䣬֮һ˫ֳסүȣͰק
үոק°ӣɳҲµˣǴһߵɳ˳лһ¶Ĵ󵶣ۿžҪүĲӡ
ǧһ֮ʣүİʱϵǸΧ
书ߣգ۹ɱү
үʮֱӶ׼˺˵ĺԡ
˼ﲻ֪˵ݣɱүģ˺ӪĽʿ˭
ֻû뵽ȻԼֶҲҪɱϣһǧӤû˵ɱǵڶʲô
Ҳⰵ
ǣ˼ӳ˲̫ݼСͷһ˾һͷɳ
ү״æӵϵĹȥ˼
ɩôˣ
ͷеΣˡ
ȻˣǱسǣ౾׽͵гҲһġ
˵գү㽫˼ᱧ
һ̵תó˼ĶүĿڡ
ĺܿ죬ĪԼˣ˼ҡҡͷ
ܣҪ濴Σˡ
˼үţ뵽˺ǸŤͷ˹ȥ
պǰҲɴ۾ų˼һĲţ˼񣬱Ѿ˺˼
һԴˣԼֶĴҲɱѽ
˼ת˼飬ֵ˵ͷǰƺʲôɱ˼үİ󣬱ˡ
үûɱɹܻ
ڴϵĺԼⰵôͻˣһ˰̵ı飬ĻͲͷϻۡ
ʮֿգժ֣¶һ˧ͻûʮ
ʮ޷񣬶ʮүɳĮһԣڼ䣬ˤү˻үüĿ飬˺ԽԽţԾͻˡ
㡭˵ʲôˡ
ʮݶڴ
ʮºΪ˵ˣҶæܹȥסļ٣Ҫӣһ˵ģҲûȥˡ
ʮǺĺӣ񵽵ʱʮһӤֻǺ⺢ʼã㽫Լ书ȫ̸⺢ӵ书Ǳߡ
ʮҲ˳µĳΪ˺ƽﺮĵʱҲʮϼ䡣
ʮƭˣ֪ġ
-

212 

ȥɱӪеİһ㲻Уͱ˲Уеˡ
˺ݣʮ˵ǷҪү֮أΪǸһѾһߡ
ļбĻ̻̣ΪģΪбǵүҲбǵʵ̶ۣУ⵽ɱһٴΣÿһζ˿
һ棬ү书ɲ⣬һ棬Ȼг˼İ
˼֪ʲôҵʮʼԭ
˼֪ʮݣֻɳĮϵǸе񣬱ͨİ
ȥߺٺˣˣβú˴һһۣ
Ҳлת
ʮһŵ˵ҪסԼݣҪʲôΥ飬бǵˣһŹ
үôģҲϲˣװ
˼е麮ǵĸ˿ˣʲô޷ԭµ飬ҲֹܹԵˡ
ҲνٹʮˣҪˣȻϱҲǸƻŮ
ʮ˼мˣΣ˭أ㬵ĴܵİһصӪء
ʮһܹϵŭѾ󻯡
ôɱүôһȺͰ
ҪץߵĲյЩһͷˮһԼΪ˭
ʮڵת˵ϲүҲˣô飬úúϼӮⳡսѾүĴ󽫸ɱˣҲô࣬ʣµľҪԸˡ
ߣ졣
Ȼһ˼˵ϲүеŭŽϨ
ˣǶȥɣҪЪˣŶˣȥ֪ͨһʦбǡ
һ֣ˣΨʮ
ô£
һ¶
ֻ˵ʲôʱҲˡ
ýʮܲ
ʮһҧһһٵ˵һйٸŵģŵĶҪ˵ȻҺͳȥת
㡭㵱ʱô˵ġ
Ҿ˵ĹκŮˡ
ţ⻹ࡣ
ʮĻش
ʮվŲ߷ҪõһֲſϰݣһˣĪ˵ͨĵҵĶӣһʮ꣬ͨѾߣҲʮʱ⼸½½ġ
֧û˵ֱ۵ָͷһһ飬㵽еԾ
࡭ٸѽ
Ҳ߰ʮ
Ȼе飬Ҳû̫ܻ䣬һүŮ˶һҲ
ңЩŮ˶ȺȾƣʲôɶҲû
ͲţҲġ
ʮгһɫС壬һɫĲ壬ߵߣ˵˵֤׵ֻҪѪε֤˵ĻǼ٣
˵ͷʮͰճ˼˵ģǸɫһŤǲĳأȻһָһһѪ˳
ţʮһܣ˼κѪŵɫСм䣬ּ˼ϡ͵ҺͰСһԣʱ䡣
һʱʮСֻһܣһһ
һߣ˼Ҳڽȴţһʱ䣬Ҫʮˣŵͣȥ¾Ҫˡ
һ˼ͣﶼǺüӵˣ˼ȴһƻŮŮ˶㲻ϡ
ʮκֻǺȴ
ó˼ΣУȻô룬Ҳᴦ롣
Ŵûߣִ˭ڴϿһӭ¥˸ʲôģᣬŨױ־üŪˣһץһһˡ
Ŵ⻹иߵ͹ִ֣֮֮ó˼Ŀࡣ
糤úÿвŻŮ˽ͷƣúÿŮִַﶬͨŮˣ˵СӣıǺ쳾Ůӡ
ԣ˼ò룬ҲˣϾִ黹ҪʲôģһԷиʲô˲ĴȾⲻȢ˸
ãʮˡ
˼ʮȼҪ𣿿øҿ
-

213 Ϊ

˼ӹֽһԣһǷ
ɼˣ˼Ȼ֪мŴүûͨѾͷûдƭࡣ
֮սɺģͱսǡ
˵ٸ𣿡
ʮǺȺȾƣԵʲôҲû
ʮ̵˵󣬳˼˲ͺ
⻨Ƶض˵Ӧ꣬Ŵү⻨ƵؾеģˣźһأҲ͵Щûз
ʮߺ󣬳˼ʹ㽫ϵֽٴˣɲɵĸү˸š
ɩõʲôѽ⵹һϡ񡣡
ϡ񣬳˼ҪЦˣõһϿǰװֽڵϣ˼˶µĶ˿ʲôϡ񣬹Ȼ˵۹ǲҹάѽ
ʲô彡״Ķ
˵գ˼Ͱбϵֽ˲ݴС
үҲ׷˼˭ˣҲ⡣
˼֪үҪֽû㾪°͡
˼ȴûүʲôϣòһ⣬збǲơ
ЦٺٵĴóһµֽһװš
˼óһɫĶþƾƬүָȻոʮһģһķӣΪүм⡣
һʱ󣬽ˡ
һܣһŴˣôɾ𣿡
˼ֱš
ĺ󣬳˼뵽үɰĶӣеûˡ
ҪүˣĶӸ˭ȥչأ
һҽߣôأүֲβˣΪҩռûֲҩοֲڶʮһͻһ޷˵ѹء
ͬʱ˼ҲޱȵңΪ绹ûдӹ⴫ĶȾ
һȾʱʢУ˶Ҫˡ
ôĪǱ⣿
ү˼沿һʼܻĽƽͺƸһҲ
ֻܽﲻ
˼ָָԼӸүеүԼ񣬸оһ񵽿ȳǽˡ
˼ݣүվڳ˼Ժã뿪
Էʱ򣬳˼һɫɴȹ֮ȵγеĸ˼֡
үԷȫ̶ų˼˼ҲûӦ˵Ц
̸أһЩ˴ŵ顣
б˭Ҫɻˣ˭޶ˣһЩĵ飬ҲŮദ˺
үԽ˼Խ˳ۣǵǰĻһɽȥҲɽǱߵԼ
뵽үµ⡣
ɩȥֲΣ
ֲ
˼үһ㣬ΪүֻҪչԼʿ񣬿ǵ˺֣ү񣬷һͷڿһֻ
ү뷨Ϊ뷨˵ǲġ
үȴҪȥֲѵһĳǲװģ˼ǻȥܱбǿ
ûбҪֲȻɳһռбǣʱǹֶˡ
ү˵ľ
˼Ҳţǵˡ
극صԼķС˯˼үſһڽʿĻ³бǡ
˵ؾֻжʮԶȴҲó˼פúһбǡ
бǽһƽΪߵĵطվ͵ɳĮȫ
ܿ죬нʿݵ˼У˼ûɳйȥһԵү
үڵһӣȻ󽫺Сķ£ɳˮһǳɡ
˼ѧģ󣬳˼еȵܲס
سǣүȴǰס˳˼
ɩֻҪԸ⣬бǶģҪҪ£Ҳܰ㵱ϻʺ󡣡
үϿҵĿų˼һƬ
˼С໹۵˿϶Ƿˡ
ѿү˵Ѿ˷үء
أߡûбòŮˡ
˵ţүҪȥ˼֡
˼еĵȫүһ̸ķ飬ݺݵתССӷ·𱬷˾޴һһٵֱ
˼һˣʡǺ˼룬ּĵ
үˣĶţĸţһҲֵùүҵǧС
-

214 ֲ

ɾǧһ֮ʣһХүĿ˼Ҫɱү˼
˼ȻŤͷֻһͷϻ߷ɱ滹һֻνСϻһǴԵϻ
Ƿɱͻ˼ȴϵãµֻϻ
үϻų˼ȥʶľҪͦǰΪʱֵĻᡣ
Ȼ˼ѹͲϻ
һƿүõʮ֮ү˸գ˳˼ָ⡣
֪
˼֣ϻȴ쳣ɵԵڵأ˼ͷ
үˣŵĶų˼ļǵССӰΪϻ¡
ϻƺ˼ǣĴϻվھ˼ֻϻһ׿⣬һ˫۾ݺݵĵų˼
ָо˼һ
˼һЦϻϱûҰȥЩ죬Ұһϱ
ϻ˦˦ͷڱԼ֮⡣
ҲŸ׸ĸϻһֱԣǿĸϻһˡ
˼Ҳϻ鲻
רҵģ·ѽ
˼ԼϻԴϡ
һԵүС඼ˣǰһȰɩΣտ
ⲻ֪үǰǵϻȻŭѿ˼һ˾Ҫү˺ķ顣
ĽʿǼ״ó׼ϻ
˼¼ˣȺ˵ϻȵˡ
˵˼ĻͦãһϻڰйһתһԵɳء
ʿֻүһ˵үûпڣɾŹд㽫ϻɱͼ
үɷ羰ˣŤͷˣҲʶȤĲǰ
˼ϻ˷ŵ⣬ϻһХߵүƵĻһȦţһתǴŴϻһԶɳĮ
˼ϻٴȥӰ·Ҳϻǰͼ
ϻǴ߽ݾؼңպ·һк룬۸ϻֺúýѵһү
ɵƯϣԵټɣ
˼ĬĬ̾һɵøпϻ簡
ү໹ڽŵţ֪ΪΣϻ˼ǵʱǴӳ˼ϿһߵϢǷݾҲڴ˿̱ķǡ
صбǺүһޣó˼ˣºӵľӦǳ˼Ǳˡ
𴲣˼˸ǷŴ򿪣һӰôϢվſڣǱ
һĲ˯
ɩ̸һ̸
ү˻һ˼׻ү̸ʲôĪ˹˳֮ġ
˼תһ룬־ò̫񣬱Ǿ϶Ҫһֻèһֶˡ
˼ţүѾߵԺСͤ¡
ү˼ʹ˹ȥүĶ¡
ү۾˳˼һ·˺þòµľ
ҪȨЭҲûа취ĽʿҪǺóһǮñƺЩȥʿļҾ죬Ҳ֡
˼ͷһǺ¶ѽϾǮ飬Ƕ¶
˵ɣҪǮ
˼ĿԼָףƺһҲүʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ǧƽ𡣡
үҲǸֱˬˣԼҪô࣬ܰѺˣбͻص۶ʱ򣬹ĻҪʻҪǮأ
үһ棬;ԼЦҹ
ɲ֮¶ǮҲú̹
ȻһУҲпġ
бҪҪүǮģҪȫԭ˶Ľбǹ۹⡢ѡǶӣ˵ĳһ죬ͷܸǹϣбǵķͷҲܸǹ۶һõδҲǻҲúһƣǻΣܱȻǮȻɿ֡
ڶԭȻǳڸм˼κĶӣǰŮѹͲϲٳʲôӢҲˡ
ʵүʵ뷨ǣ˼ϵƣүԱ
ȻүҲЦ˵ԼһֻͻһŮ˵
Ըڶֱ˵ࡣ
˼ǧƽҲ̫ˣе㲻ү·緶ѽ
ټӵɣǧƽ𶼻ֲأ
-

215 ϴͷ

ǧƽ𡭡
̫ˣ̫ˡ
˼ͶֵļͷЩڵ۶˲ҩ̣ƽҩһɵͼۣõĹԱҵĺԼǧС㡢Ӹҩһƽһƽգ׬ǮǸ˵ˣ϶Ҫһأ
ǧƽûпϣοǸͬƺԲСȻ˼ҵļô
үһļӼۣӵƽ󣬳˼һָվɽϣҰƽ͵Ժҵûȥһ
һ˵ˣҩ׬ǮҲһݣǮ㲻ϳ˼һ˵ģԣڶԻԷأ˼Ҫ뺮һʵڲУԼһǮ
ɳĮ֮סĶеˣ뿪Ƶطˡ
үû֪˼Զš
緹˼үŵƵӪʻȥ
үĳ˼İΣһ֧鸺𱣻
˵ˣ³˼Բƽ𣬿Ӧġ
˼ЩŵѾеү
о˭ѻƽߣȻǿԴġ
صӪأһȺʿǿӭ˼ĶΧ
Ϊ׵īĿų˼ĵоǵ
ǱҵģҲΪҴһϢ
˼һԾգڼʿ¾;ֱ˺
ڸսȻһϤӰϽ¶Ц⡣
ôˡ
֪ٴȥź˼˵ͷ˳ȥ
ߺ󣬳˼ߵߣһʼû˵ڰơ
֮󣬳˼һָĺܺã֡
㻹ûлشأ
˵ļȡ
˼һӡ£
Ůĺ룬²
뵽Լһߣʲô¶ʶҲòˡ
֪ˣ㻹ôŮ˺Ⱦƣ¶ȵط˰ɣ
˼һߡ
⻰Ͳˣκ첲̧
˼ɲǧȻķţæסļ˵㣬ʲôҲںΪ˶С
ⲻε⣬ûԲ飬֮ǰǳɻ֮󣬶ûС
˵ţ৵һ¾ͺˡ
˼ҲʮΣҪô˵Ǻڻһͯ
Ҳ̫ˣ֪ôһ˼ҲߵУֱӿżɽϣķΧܹһЩ
үЭƽ𡣡
ߣСӱΪʲôɫ벻ȻǸ̰֮
ʮֱĵ
˼úбҪȷүȻүϲǣԽʿǵȴģô˵е㲻صоսɳϵĽʿˡ
սȻб𣬵ǻƴʱÿ˶óԼ湦򣬴ӲЩĵǶսءԵ˵ء
˼뺮ͺ󣬺Ҳû˵ʲôǽЩȫȨɳ˼ȥ
˼ЪϢһϣͰҩռĻƽ˳
ڳ˼˵ƽɽһûʲô𣬿ǽƽװ䣬ӽĿյظ
ԣ˯ʱ򣬳˼ź˯ġ
˺ҹ˼ˣֺͷ
ôû˯
е㲻̫
˼Ӧ֪ԴѹںϵǸ첲ϣѹѪͨˣú޷˯
æ˼װлƽĴϡǸΪͷ͵ˡҲǣϵֱۿɲһˣΪʲô˵أ
ţ˼ֺ¸ĸ첲ѹˣӸϸϸ飬ֲ޴󰭺һҲ
ҹ˶û˯⣬˼ͷеˣŲһӣԼһŵĵضȻóһϵҩռˮϴͷ
۾Դ˼һţһֻǰźϴͷ
õʲôֻͷƤһ
ǴƬϴ࣬ҲǸղһ￴ġ
ţƬãƬѽ
ʲôǱƬҲʣװʲôӣг˼
ʵ˼ͦԸ⺮Լģǰһе㷳ھ࣬òһˣú˵һ㻰ˡ
ϧȥΪѾӡĳ˵Ժ
-

216 б

峿һĨͨ˽
һҿţĻƽϣͶ⣬ĵȥĳ˼ԣ·˶ڷһ㡣
ڴϣȻ˿ҪֱۻָĿһЩѾܹ򵥵ĲˣҪڴϡ
˿̣ų˼߳һĨССӰѾӡС
һݵķֱȻһʮֲʵĸоһղһ㣬꣬һҲ뾭
ûа취ҪûƽȥոбǣûʲôǱõİ취ˡ
ھһԱŻš
˼ȴǼīɳҲһīǻ
Ҳһ͵Ϯоųɵİܹһбǡ
ȭͷֵĿī
īҲֻãԭڵصĽʿԭбĽʿ
һͱϣүĽʿߴ׳˶ĽʿǱȽͨʿ
ҲŵʳĻϡ
бǵشɳĮɳĮ֮ҲͳݣţտɳԣбǵΪʳżҲһЩƷ
ЩʳӪḻԳЩбǽʿҪԭڵؽʿ׳ࡣ
ԭڵصĽʿǻؽԳԣľȣûбǽʿѰǿ
͵ͬڽһٸһٸʯͷһѻʯȴҪҪżıȷˡ
Ҫģֻǹƾı̸ףҲбǽʿΪսʤԭ֮һ
ôüıֵΣֲɵӡ
īû˵е㲻ˬ˵ʲô˾Ϳ˼˹
ôˡ
ī׷ǰ
˼˰֣漴Щһбǽʿȥˡ
ǲ˴ڰ֮һЪأҲˡ
˵
˼ܹ⣬ŵӪأĽʿôҲӦġ
ǶúϢҽȥбү̸ϣ⣬бǱҲոˡ
̸ϡ
īһ
ǾүͲ̸ܽϣУܵԤϵΣҲ˵
ڶ˴㼫ֹ˼ʱ򣬳˼ЦģҴûаյ飬˵ˣүĶӸүףһʱ벻ңɱң͵ɱԼˡ
˼û˵ʲô̸ϣΪ˵ֻúĽʿСɧ
ΪǴ̣ھȻǮȥƽһ˾޴ĽƱػ⵽ʿǵķԡ
ԣҲȻص˵۶Ҳʲôˡ
˼˵Ȼīȥʾ˺Ҳͬ˳˼˱Ҳ޻˵ˡ
˼ѾװĻƽŽҩռ䣬бǵĽʿϵʱ򣬽ʿǼ˼ֿտձɻ
ֲʣֻûų˼ٴλصбǡ
ԤڵҪбǣȥʱѾˡ
˼ߵүԺӣһӣһƽ㱻ҩռ˳
ү˵˼ʹԼԺߡ
ϾͿʼȳ˼ˣھһĵȴ㽫˸ˡ
үԼԺӣĿıһ˶ӡ
ߵԣһһȻƳȻƵĻƽĿѤãôһ˲үЩʵˡ
˵ûмЩЩô
֪ҵġ
˼ЦŴү׼ʵĻ
үøеĻЩǮе˷аᣬãܽȨүˡ
磬˼һԼķš
ѽŴ򿪣үΪһࡣ
˼ûʲôθڣҪǽһ·ûôϢ˯һ϶ûе
ӹүе̣һţĿүле㵣ү
㡣
үнһɫ˳
˼ӹһȷĺһƽ
ǸˣԺҪ￪ҩ̣ϣһӮ
ãŵ۶ҩҩ裬ǻɩġ
үЦ
֮ǰһ˿Ǿþôսеǵһ׬Ǯ·ĵ㻯Ϊ˻ҽϾ˭Ǯⲻȥ
˼õүҲʮ
ʮ⼸ûٰ˺˸߰˰ˣȻе˿ڿŻʮԣʲôˣһʱգӦþͻ᳹׵ĺá
˼ʮûӪأүơ
-

217 Ҹ

бǷѾ˼ĵõˣһûߣԭӪزʿ
ѽʿɳĮϲܹ߽ʿս
ʱΪ£ҲΪϳ˼ΪҪ£ܳ׽ү
ɵǣڳ˼뺮һ죬˼ʮա
ӪصĽʿ֪ҲѾָĲˣ߶ɻʺɱС
˼ںĸ첲ְֲ壬Զԣĸ첲Ƿǳġ
ʲôʱ𵶽Ҫȸְȡſɡ
죬˼һΪԼ׼һ档
ɳĮϣûʻڽʿһܹܹɽһ׵⻭˸仨ܣԼʯޡ
˼Ư񣬲ɵϲ:ˣ޷ǹգûҪ˷ѡ
ո˲ͬɳĮҲܿ㡣һʲô˵Ǹʲôš
ͣǱ
˼е˻ëƤһϣ˸ˮ˼ԵţҲ׼ˡ
˼ޱȣŤͷ˵Щ㲻Ǵӵ۶İɣ
۶ƶˡǴīլģѾ׺ˣģīٯٯأ޷ռ˼ҵı˰ˡ
˼֣в
˼Ҳ뵽ī顣
ִڳ˼ļϣο:¶ûϵҲѧ˼ǿʱҲûޡ
˺Ļ˼𽥷
Яߵǰ¿ʼ˵
бˣӦǶȥүĵ̡
滷ḻҪ˵үǼү൱ǮģƳ˼ᷴԡ
ֻǺǵλ⣬Ҫ뾡ǰҪȻص۶С
Ϊ۶Ǹպ෴ķɳĮǰߣֻɳĮҲȥǣΪһȥ·
Ե˵۶ʿҲһʱ䣬ЩʵĽʿҲܽοʲҲǸսɳĽʿһЩοЩ׷溮ĽʿװģԼսɳҲΪԭҲ¼Ϊһ⳥
Ȼ޺֮ǣʲô
ʱããɳĮ£ƬһеɳĮϣвͬڴˣǴʤϢҪص۶ȴյͬУֱֻԼ֪
⼸սҲѧ˺ܶ࣬սôΪˣ˭Ӯ˭䣬ٵĶ˫ļͥ
ԣֻϣƽܹƬ½ϧĳЩ˵Ұͣһ٣Ҫõࡣ
һº󣬴ص۶ǣǵİԸߵϣΪĽʿһҵľơ
ҲеõԼϢŮǣ޵˺ѷΡ
ΪӵģΪ˸ģмжģ˭ȥһͥ˵ǻԵĴ
˼뺮ûмŻؼңǰҰݷʿļˣǴȥȥƽ𣬴ȥֿĹػ
ҵǣʿļ˲ûԹ޺˼ǿլʺ
ƾ٣֮еĴ磬ЩƽհQڱ˵˼սδ飬˵ѱĴǣԼٺ»οЩȥʿļˡ
л࣬һëǮûΪ֪ŮѾЩ
۶֮ȥʿ֮࣬ǰҰοʣͽ˳֮ڡ
˼˺ܶ࣬Ҳͣ˫
ȵοеĽʿ˼뺮һЦ·֮ǰƣȫһ̻Ϊ˻ҽ
ڳʱϢȻ˼뺮Ϣʱֻʮ졣
߾⵽ɹ˵ɧţǲʣµļ³£ֻҹɶࡣ
˼ڴ˿Լļˣźһصฮ
࿴ԼŮ˲٣һ˫۾㿪ʼģ
һվŵĳ·࣬Сô£Ҷûޣʲôˡ
һȥǸжҿŮĻ𣿡
ƳһԼķˣͰѳ˼һʳʶ̡
·ǽ˭Ҳţһʣ֪ĵ硣
СҲǵ֪ԼСˣʹűһ𼱻ǵĸ۶
Լһ̣С˿ޣֻܹȥ˳˼һΥӵ
㿴㶼ˡ
ܱ𣿡
վСı
˼ݸһЦŮӵڻС
˿̣˼ʲôҲ˵ΪһоڲУҸ
-

218 

ͨС䣬˼ֳ֪Ѿ췭ظı仯ڵزѾԭǳأвĽȥǨ㵽ֳǾס
ֳѾͬգŷԻͷչ
Сҿˡ
ҿֻ̫ãС䶼ˡ
Ҳ
ҽų˼֡
˼űң˵Ůʮ˱䣬ղңҾܻʮԶȴǳ˲١
ǰԲСҲ˵̬
Ů˵ЦԼʵڲ˼ǰɴʹظ
Ҳþûغˣɻȥĸһ㡣
˼ڼСסʮ죬˵ʮһ糿˼òٴ뿪Ƿļң溮Ĵһǰǡ
֮ǰ·˿޺ôҲó˼ߣų·ˣ˼
˼û뿪վԶĵɩÿ˿һͷ
ҲڼңҾͿɩˣʹˣǶٵġ
ȥɣ˼ľһŮкܣҫҳ¼鹡
˪ˮֵĳų˼֡
·֪סԼŮֻǴſǻСģСѽ
֪һСĵġ
˼ֿһԼ磬Ŷ˵˵ͷһŵģҲСˣҳȥҲǺõġ
ͰˣҪ͸ֱӴ򡣡
һ뵽֮ǰĶϢ뿪һӻûأСӾܵ˺ȥˡ
ˣĶӣô죿
˼һЦԼļ˵˵ͷ߳ฮ
ฮ⣬СѾȺ˼á
һΣ˼ҪϱҸСһȥս̣·;ʵģԼŮû׼ܽƶ
СȻҲģԸһӸڳ˼ߣԸѾʵˣûʲôǱ˿ĵˡ
һϸ뺮ĺԼϡ
ȥһͨ·ǲ֪ⲹ˵Ķʮֻᾭ
˺һĽʿ飬һڼ׵ľӺſһֱŵ۶⡣
ڸſͣţ˼˴ԼҸ뺮һ
һֱںߵĳ·磬ʱ˳˼
·òңټҵʱ򣬶еϲˡ
ң𣿡
ȻˣֻˣǼԲ˵һ
һ·̲ס·
СһЦűԼҵСүúС䲻δ
ҪһҸСүߵһˣʱ͸һӸˡ
ѾϺĳ˼ָһơ
죬ҰѸְȡЪϢһ£ȵ˺ĸ첲ȬˡҸ첲ʺپٽƽʱֺˡ
ãɱУֱ
ааһЦ˼ӵ뻳С
˼Խʮͷ⺮Խǲ֡
Цţǲ뺮ϲ֨ˣó˼ЦԷǡ
˴˺һ˼Цֻۣȥʡ
ʹĿų˼ʹˣġ
˵ɶǽʿأҲ¸
˼һѺļߺһƬ
Ǳ˵
һ³˼ıӡ
˼ޱҸźļûһӶβ׵īź˼ʱо
ڰɣ
ǡ
ҷֿһ߸ߺоһ߸ʿǴԭʤս
ǰƶ˼źļʼС˯
Щһֱû˯ãȥĴϰˣصЪϢ˼췴ЩӦˡ
˼˯ź󣬺ľԼԾôֱֱţܹ˯һ
ȻʱһǱڵΣҲڳų˼뺮ľȻƽ
ฮڣڶһţǺүдš
źһ˫Թ۾뿪ķ˵ޣҪͨ˺Ѿߣô֪ǺҵŮǺúݵţȻ˺ҵŮҲҽү˰ŵǵоУϷ뿴˳ִﺣǣǺǵĽʿǰ·ȫ
˿̵ĳ˼˯úúõģֻһǽо
ӣһֹĸо
-

219 ĵĻ

ʵϣڸ˼ıһ죬һɨ¥ѾЩ
Ѿ߱㽫ʽϾһѾߣһѾҲǮǣ˼
ÿնںѾ߱ߵ֮·ţ˵ûһߣܼҾ͵ͬӣܼҳԵĸԵûʲôÿ糿ʵʳĸܼԡ
֪һ㣬Ͷ˵Ѿ߽ѭѭգһգճԼŮࡣ

ǲǸȾ˷纮ñ
˼һܴ磬Ͳɵ͵س鴤һ£ȴų˼Ҫ˼
˼һۺῴϹ˵
ȴǲɿ˼֣ȻһԴ̵
ĸ׵ļױˡ
ɷ˵ĸ˼ϣȻĺ֡
˼һ̵Լ֮У;Ȼֵơ
ЩܣΪо治ʺϴΡ
̫ˣǵȻٴɣ
Уɮ⣬һԻţܰġңһĹЧ
Źӡ
˼ɻǵűĹЧš
˼£Цܰڱߣ˭Ҳ͵ߡ
˼ȻЩǱŤȴʮã֤ˣںĿеĵλ
оĵģ·;У˼Ǻ˽⺣ǣǺǵү
˵˵ֶǸˣ
붼룬ֶǸǸļƵСӣȻ书ҲСм¶Ǽǵʮأ
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жʱһƬůǾͽ˹үСʱ顣
ʱҲǺĻλʱһռ磬˸Ҳڵ߸ү¾ڳҲ
Լļһ⣬ʼι̴ܽ󳼡
Ҳǵ֮˭֪Ҳ֪˭뵱ϣ˭ʺϵϡ
󣬼үͰԼдһֽϣдҪעģʱүװεԱߵүҲǿҲæԼĸ硣
ĳ룬ү䲻ҲĴ
үֻ˵ԼûԷе͸֧Ϣһûˡ
һ־磬ҲصԼλϣԼĴ
үһֱġҲּѾﵽԼĳ̶ȡ
Ͻһһۿ˵Ķǿһ۱£ȿҲĴʱ𾪵վ
֮һƣϵĲز°գֻҪ֮ϵĴ弴ɡ˭ҳ˭Ǽ鳼ǻΨϵλӲðȡҳԣʵȡ鳼϶֮㣣޼鳼ʹҳ鳼֮٣ϲȡĻҳֻҪǶԽףû˵ǻλˡ
ϴүĴ
ҲʮֳԾҲ֪ĸֵдģֱǸ˲ѽ
ɵʱҲŵûˤ
ڵϣͣسŻϿͷʣⲻǱдġ
СһֱûĻĺӣû뵽㾹㾹˵ĵ⣬λ޵ÿǿǷ񴫸ˡ
ϵĻү𾪣ү˲ӬһĿɿڴ
˺ҲΪ˻صһӡ
˶ΪҲǻϵѡʱͻȻˣΪʵѧţҲޱļүܴ
Ҳϲ⣬пǴдġ
һݲ¼ɣҲΪʸ֮ġ
ͬʱƶ˵УʹҲ䣬ҲΪҲѱԭ
˼꺮Ľɵùơ
ֶѽүǶҲô˼ƻٵҲһ
ҲˣĲ뵱ϣôΪ˻ٵҲ
ΪΣ
˼ãҲүʲôɸ˵Ĺͷ
Ҳ֪Ȥ˵Ҳүĸ
ԭ˵ĸһֱԸڹвͣԷʹӣ㽫ϸһ֮£˴乬
乬ܾĥǵĶӣҲǿү㻥˳ޡ
ֻǿҲûҪүүѾжˡ
-

220 

ͨЩ¶˼ҲүһΪˡ
һǸˣǸѶԸĽɫпϢʱһҪԵĵˣͽЩ˵جΡ
Ȼ˼һֹۻˣǰжôգںߣ벻
źǵķнȥǰǰ춼ƽ˵ڰʱ򣬳˼ɫָĲˡ
ʹҲзյġ
ڳ˼һҽʱһսʿ˳˸˭ϳ̶ȴҪͨ˻Ҫ
ȵΪǸսʿȡֱϵĸְʱսʿֱ۾ȻȡְĹѿˡ
Ϊˣ˼òƳսʿĶ
ԣҲô򵥣ְȡͺã⻹˵Ļ̶ָѲĹϵ
ϣֱҪʲôӡ
˼ҩռ䣬ڴ֮ǰΪ˲ôϵĳ˼Ͷƣ˼ӲҪ
ʵϣѾ뿪
˼ȸȻ˺ֱ۰ϵƤ㣬øȡñĹߣʼںĹȡְ塣
ְȡºԹͷˣ˼һͬʱϵĻƣҲԽ
ǲ֪Ѿ˵ڶ
˼ɴཫڻеĺҩռ䣬
˿̵ĶѾһָأͷīѾ˼ܹˡ
ۼī˼æ첽Ѿڽʿԭկʿ˺ü·Ϣһ죬ټ·
˵ţī۾һڵȥ
˼֪ī˼С¶īԼͺã˯ţȥ
ǣ
īҲȥź˵ˣôʱ䣬ɵҲ֪ν¡
īкЦСŲӱǳķȥ
˼֪īʲôԵһУȥ֯ʿӪկˡ
ĩˣڿҪ緹ʱ򣬳·èܵ˳˼ߡСùãҲԴ
ҲУСùЩöӦոǳأص۶ܳԣȿ𡣹ȥСùù㣬ǿСֳһ꣬ǶȻȥˡ
ŶСùû𣿡
ᡣ
Ź֣˼пЦҲţǷ̫ɲԼϵ˴ꡣ
֮ǰзַһȺãΪ˼ٲҪ鷳˼ֻܺˡ
·뿪˼ǻص㿴ûѡ
Žҩռ䣬˼ֺѾ˿̵ĺо˼ûüʰĸְ塣
ְñһɫϣҸְϻմȾ˲Ѫա
һҲܻ䣬Ѫܵĸְ岻ͣĴ
գû⻹̶˵Ĺͷ
˼һЦʲôʱҽҲȤˡ
˵ţ˼ݹȥһúֲȴ룬ȥԼùҽƸְˡ
˼ʵĵǣŴϲ赶ŪԼûмĽȻǰ֣ҲźȥоǵҩռС˷
˼˼ӣְһ˱࣬һͨæ󣬵˱ǵ緹˵ǰʱѾֲĸɸɾˡ
ͷų˼緹ɵø̾ʵ̫ˡ
˼һƬϲãһûҲæǰæ
ҩռ˷ĽʿҲˡ
īΪ֮ĹٶȻǳ䵱ͷĻơ
һ˶Ỵ̈ࡢаӡһС̲ˣ˿ǽŲȵĳźķȥ
С۾һУʶľͳ嵽˶ǰ
뺮ǿ϶ԣҪǲ˵飬óȻǰȥͲ³Բ˶ߡ
¶ڣɶһˣǻ
īһĭĻû˵
СȻī˼˲ͺˡѽⶼʲôʲô϶ڸƸ첲ܴŵġ
СһͣīһҲˣͷһĳ˻ȥ
˵Сܵĵǿ죬ͷ㣬ҳҲ㡭
īĵ׷ȥ
ĶӣСֻһ䱿һҪĸ첲ƺãˣҲܽ˫ˡ
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221 о

ɵǣʿǸճ緹ձưôꡣ
峿ãһ꣬˶ޱ̹Ϊ»½٣˯ǴźصĿо̫ȡ
ȴѲߵĽʿĽʿ򶼻ص˯˯죬Ҳ칫Ψһʱ̡
СһҲϲ꣬·绹б·翴Ŵ⣬ʱʱȥˮ
Сеһѳ·ĸ첲Сүˮġ
ˮҲѽ
·˵ŻһˮСҵȽ˶
СĿɿڴȴҲ򶨣ų·һһٵ˵ˣˮлŴ۾ĻҳȽӡ
С˻һ·еˡ
ΪʲôСùò˵Ҫ֪Ҳˮˡ
·סӣ͸һֻӬƵģֻµķơ
ʱָųȻ˵ҿʿܵǽָʲô
ҵĻС·˼·˿һ۱ңֿһ۳棬沢ûб˵Ľʿ֡
ǳ·ֻ˼΢΢бԼ˼
һֱӪжǸ˵СţҪû׼ܳͷأ
СңеģҲȥһȥ
һ֪˽ж᲻ᡭ
СģҪȱ·Ҫ죬һʱڶࡣ
ʲô¶Сùõš
·ظϱұ
СĶų·ıӰСӺûģ·Σǿġ
С޷죬óơ
Уöų·㣬ҪСʲôԭµ飬ǱڸĨѽ
ţСҲ
ûҴɡ̫ĿԾһЩ֦Σÿһ·Ὣ֦ͣһ
ԭǣѲߵĽʿһֱվһطÿһյĹ򣬶ǵӽڣôҲΪ˻ʿӾ
˵ǣ˳ɹˡ
ⲻ֪ۼĽʿѳ·硢С˵С֪ī
ϸȥˡ
īȴһǰ㶮ɶСүƳͣѾߣȻǡٺ١Ҳ˵ҲҪȥ˱˵£ĳ·㴩СЬ
īһΣһôһ¡
Ϊ·СѾߵĹϵãͬһҪ˸飬˾˳·磬òƴ;񲻵ûһˡ
뵽ֻīһǰ㱨Ľʿ˵вɴǡ
ǡ
ʿ˳ȥ
·ѾУԲ̤ۼǰн
СЩңȷ˾Ⱥʿ䲻ܽиʲôأΪ˷㣬ҲôԶ
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ǵֵô죬ţҲ𣿡
ɴֻ߱ˣǶүĵĽʿˣˣǵļ˶ܵõһ⳥ֶΪأ

ʿ̸ŵֽ
лоģǻɵĸ˳Ϧദ
·۾ż۵ĽʿȴʱȻվ
γ彣ֱָ۲ݵĽʿôĵӣһԭСүǼ
Сүɡ
׼ȥ·硣
СѾһקס˱ңС䵹ǲĳ·ܲ·书֪ģƾ⼸ˣҲ͸·統ɳˡ
ǻȥ¶뺮
ҲߣҪСүͬʹࡣ
˵ţҲ֪ôģӵϼһ֦һͷţС
С䳹׾ˣΪһɤӣҲ·罻ֵļʿע
ֵǣﻹأڡ
Χų·а˸ʿѾԶ׷ɱҸСˡ
ɵǰ壬Сס۾ҿˣΪʿѾ˱ҵĲϡ
ǧһ֮ʣ·˰ΧȦһӿն£ֱնʿͷ­
С˵ˮģ۾ӣ˷ʱˡ
·Ҳʶ⼸ʿ࣬ղŵĽ֣书ߣеˡ
-

222 

ӣӡ
ٶȳ·һ֮Ѿ¶·磬С俴⵶⽣ӰŵöҶˡ
ã·Ҳʶο϶ҪˣŤͷűҸСߣжԶܶԶͷ
Сǣ֪Ҳ书ҲǷСүűҿ첽ȥ
СѾǲʱ·ˣӺ󣬾һ·񱼣Ҳ֪˶ã˽һգˤһȻγɵǵͷ
ǵڳӲݣ꣬ȻûôˣҪǵȥ̸ס
ô죬ˡ
С䣬һǲϡ
С伱æסҵͣΪʱѾǵ濴أ
鼱֮£С䰴űңԼһĵ棬ȻøӲݽԼҵԴϡ
һ濴ţǵҲûĿĵط
ôܣŮ
Ҳܵ˱ĵطҲ˵һ
ԣֵǼңץһؼʧܣҲܻȥүˡ

ǵĶԻǵ·С˸һ
ܿ죬˱ˡ
СܵľӪеĽʿԼ°ߵСүУȥУʲôҲˡ
ҵļȥȥ֪ͨǣͰȫǡ
Ҳȥһǻô죿
ҡͷ絷⡣
СҲıűȥΪҵĻҲʮе
ȥ
СһϣĿҡ
صĵ˵ͷȴڶ׼ΪСĵʯʱ̧ͷһ˫ˮĴ۾С˵עⰲȫ
İɣ
С䱾Ҳûʲôӣ֮ôҲǵ޼ƿʩĵز
󣬱ҶΪСĵʯ
СѾǸˣԶԶ˱ҵء
һŲȵҼϵʱ򣬱˶ڷ΢΢ĶС䲢ûио
ҽҧأΨһģҪʲôҲˣͲõĹػ
ã·һƬŢСĽմȾ˲ʯӣڱҵļϣֱӽҵļȳѪ
۵ứȴҲûбֵ̫ԡ
СɹļʱվϣСĵطҲС価쵽档
һʹϣڽС˵档
СһſڵĿűҡ
ҵңһġ
ţҪǧСţ
ҶһСС첽뿪˴˵ء
СһߣҾ͸йƤһ̱ڵء
ԼļѪѾȾ͸һһĵ۱Ϯȫ
˿̣ҲԽԽûеϣյƱǽɫѹѹһƬҴ˿̵飬͸ˡ
һߣʣµʿȥĸǴŻԵĳ·磬ҹ·Ƕȥ
ĸʿ֪ĻصӪأ˭Ҳûз֣˰˸ʿĸ
ҲˣΪ̫ҩռţó˼͸ϾǶҲûжķա
Ϊ˱˿ڸȾ˼ʱֻаʱ
⣬˼һ˳һֽɡ˾վ棬Ŵµưô꣬ûйཻ·˿̵꣬õķ羰
Ȼһը쳹ʣĵ⼸
˼ͷһȴнʿ˵Сҳ·˽֣Ҳ֪ڻûС
ףܽж಻ȫѽ
ų˼һʿȥ·硢СڲԼ
ǡ
ʿ첽ȥ
ûһʿ˻һĻīˡ
īܳŲõķչˣͰԼ˽Сֵ˵˳
˼֪ģҲûйī
ֻǳ·缸δ飬˼ǳǵİΣ
īһɽˡסٵĵطߣҲҪ±꣬˺׸š
ǣ
īڻÿɫǳ˼˵ʲôʲô
īһֺһư춯˳˼ע⡣
ŤͷŲԶļȥֻѾвٽʿʼˡ
˼еɻų緹ûãľҪˡ
ʦⷹ˭Ƶѽ
ҵɤӵǺ
˼ֿ˫ۡǱģɱδ˵ھ㻹ʱʱ
-

223 ѹ

Ȼʱ򣬾ǵĽʿУһȺ˷ǳؼɵġ
˼ӯӯһЦȴһ˼
źķٶȿȥ
˼ã¶ܽʵڲʺˣĻĸ첲ָ
󣬳˼һ˼ǰ
Ľʿһ˼ˣæǰų˼񡰲μ
Ŷˣʲôѽأ
˼¶һèı顣
һʿе㾭סʣýʿո¶ŵʱһʿǰ˵ڰŹʿҿգȵŹòһ
˼Ҿɻ׵ǵ˵ͷ
ţ˼Ŀ֮£ֱҨһһĻŻ˲Ľʿ
ŹǸղųˮûʽأ
ʿĻ
˼³ζˮЦѹôôѺȣˣǼҲˡ
˼Ц뿪ŵһɻ󣬻㵽Ǻ⣿
ڳ˼ߵǰʱͣ˽Ų
ǻҪκ˺ȣҲ׼ȣ̵Ҫһҵ
ǡ
ͷǣҲɵúȻĪж
Ȼֻǲ²⡣
˼ֺһ˫Լôˣ
룬㲻汾ʩأ
뿴˼ԱӣȻ˼ƫƫĳԸ
̧ͷָźɴƵֱ˵ҵĲˣ㶼Ҫҵġ
Եϲ
һЦ־Ҫ˼ĸ첲
˼ȵ֣ҷ־ӪһЩ쳣Ȼٸ͡
˼һʵѺŵòᡣ
֣ؿų˼˼һҩռ䡣
ҩռĳ˼ǩһ¿ǻвдˮȻõϽл顣
žǹȵˮܲĿŵ˼ңµǷжȻѧ
һ飬˼ǵһ
Ȼ⣬Ȼһùͷʼȵʱ򲢲ʲô⣬һȥʱùڷֳʱ롣
˼õ˽뺮ס
ϢҲЩˡ
ĪǱĴл˵оԣ˵ǵ۶Ҳȫˡ
۶ܰȫЩֻܻһܣǾǳл߸оͷͽ
˼˵
ţ֮֮Ըôأ
ƾͼƣҵҪǵĴжٵо
˼Цܸоӽŵֱ
ûм׷ʣޱԼܰ¶ƯƯ
Сˡ
ʱ
˼һæȴǼһŢС˿Ứίˡ
д档
С˵˼С
ҿ˿Ҳ
С֪¶ñ֪ҲѹԼģԼһȫ˵˳
˵Сͨһ˳˼ǰ
Ұɣ
˭֪˼ǵûС䣬СӵϷСʲôһ֪ץȥүҲԷΣΪüֵǰҪ飬ǽоʰˡ
ǰСηǵû˴󹦸͡
һ߰ǻ
СҡͷС䲻ҪʹͣȥԮҸСү
ģѾȥˡ
˼Сţϣ侲
Ϊҵ۶ǸͽҲʮҪһ˼ƲɣһУǿҪԴ
ͬһľߣ˼⡣
һ񣬵ȵо粨ͻص۶Э㾾ĻѹߣԲ¶͸һ󹦣ʱȻڻǰ㡣
лֻڴ¶
˵⻰ʱȫȻû˵
֪ıһߣеɾ͸С
ֹΪԼҲˡ
ԣ˾ӶҲֻʱġ
ģû˵㵱ʦˣֻǱ㣬Ҫ¶ˡ
ǣ¶񡣡
ֵǣϸֳ˿ĵ
-

224 ϴ

Ϊ˽ƾͼ˳չ˼ҩռ˽ҩְѽҩǹС
˽ʮǹַȥȻ˵ʱ䣬ô
ڽʿһǣǴδԹƷ֣õϺ󣬼붼룬㽫ǹС
ţôеడ
ǰͦóԣٳһš

ʿûгԹɿִ˿˿ζǹ󲿷˻ǱȽϲġ
˼ĿǰһĻţԸ˿
Źʿзݣ㹻ԸƤԲġ
˼ǸһעΧһС
󣬸˯Ľʿȥ˯ˣ˼ҲһǷʱһ﷢˽ײ
õдգ˼ҪȴǱһץס
ٿɳ嶯
һȾһѣҲ̷˵졣
Цǵ˹ѾоǵҪˣ㵱սɳҪ׵ˣҲֻܹǵղѣξ䣬ҲȨѵˡ
˼úǳǾһ룬Ҳʮе
ַȥǲнҩʿǰ˽ҩǲµģôڣ͵ͬڸ˴ͬһ£Ҫⶼ䣬ֻ˵սˡ
Ź˰ʱһŨѪζƮ
˼š
УҪȥΣ
˼ãҪǶԷоÿһǸеĸ֣ܹһʮĻʮˡ
˼ƿ˳˻ûпһѳǳ
̧֣Ʒ΢ǱźĳǸĵɳȥ
ֽ֮ˣһǿĽʿ
ȥɣ
ʿݺݵĵ˼漴óĹһʮ׼˳˼뺮
˼һִֻ˺ϡ
ǽʿɲǼ䣬˾ƾʧˡ
ʿĶ̼Ҳľϣʿŵ鿴ȴڷΣת֮ʣѾͻȻֵĺִŤ˲ӡ
ʿһ˫۾ʹ࣬ǷĵĿ־塣
溮оȫǵʬδã
һѪĿǰϲ
˼뺮Ȼ֪ϵѪԼģǱ˵ġ
Ҫīʱ¶ҲὫʮȥˡ
Щʮϵˣÿһڻɣ
ȻҲһΪүǱߵðһЩǵʬѻһѻյڹǻҾ׵֮СԸܹؿһЩ۾һЩܲϴӡ
ǡ
ȥж
˼ں˫ͬΪѾˡ
ЩʬβܣյĽֻͺʳǵ⣬һкɹƱػߡ
ԣյʬһǵʮȫļƻ
æ㱨Ĺ򣬳˼̲סһ졣
Ҿʧˣ
ϸϸһ飬ȴѲߵģƣȵ˸ɱ֮⣬Ҿһʧʮˡ
ţǾѲʱ䣬Ѳߵ˵õϢ
˼˵գȥ
Ҳ˵ͷŸȥ
һҹעǲѰģѾȾѪɫѪζ̱ǺĿǱ࣬ЩѪҪ˶ãͻᱻˮ׵ĳɢ֮С
磬˼˯ʱԼһĺˡ
˿̵ڶŵģ֤Ѿڸ·ˡ
ȳ˼ƿСѾһϴˮ˽
ҹ̫ˡ
С佫ӷ£šһëȻë˳˼С
ȷʵҲûа취ս˶ġ
˼˵ͷڽùëСʱ˼뵽˱ҡ
ҵ𣿡
ҵˣֻСү׼Ǹ°ȥ˺ǡ
˵ţС㿪ʼ
˼ûС˼Щǳ·ȡҪ°ȥ˺ãҲСӳһ࣬ʡС۸ֵ͡
ˣ¶ûϵأһ綼Ӱ
˵ֱ˵ʱ͸ˣʦأ
ţһЩҲãĻ졣
˼С¡
СͰѽֺϸڸ˼һ飬˼һ󼤶
벻书ģ˼а
-

225 ˮҲһζҩ

Ϊܷ磬û뵽һ˱ꡣ
ɽ·ʿٴΰӪկû취϶ӵʵڲʺоһɽ廬£ǿɲһô򵥵¶
ÿ綼ԭģҲҪΪʿǵȫ
ͣ˼СһԳɡûȥҺȥ˾ͽһСӱߡ
ȥˮôΣգ
С䣬һʮ꺢ͯĺӣܽôţȥûʲôʵҰ˻һĶ翪С
˼˵
С˳˼ͼһҲ滺һЩ
ӱݴֻ̣ϧûһСʶҰˣѹûҰˡ
ѽȻˮ۲ˣӻͦࡣ
˼ںӱվһ۾ƼԼԵˮ۲ˡ
Сֱֻ֪˼ˮ۲˵ҰǼǸ࣬Ϊ࣬ҲһãһƮ˱ĳʪͻһƬˮ۲ˣǲնݳһֻᷢ
Ұũķû뵽ȻһҰˡ
ⶫҲܳ𣿡
ǵȻˣӿˡ
˼һ߻ӦС䣬һ߶ȥɵϵˮ۲ˡ
Ȼڳ˼һСˮ۲˵ʱ峺׵СзĴָСˮΣѹѹһƬŵ˵һץһ
ʱûũҩûȾ³ˮֻ˵ˮԼʺˮ
ĻУɾͲˣһεܱЩˮඣ
˼ҲûСץ㣬ֻҲܷЩˮβѽ
ˮһλҩܹѪⶾƷʪͬʱһϵζ
ˮӡա̯ԣζ˿󳦣Ҫ󳦻Ҫζ
ˮεļ۸ڰ˰ԪһȻеֻ˹ֳΪҰںؽũҩʱЩҰˮα˹ֳĻҪȫ
ΪûлȾһжµġ
С䣬ȥīīӵܹ
СҲûʣɡ˳˼к󣬾ڵͷصӪء
һīʹһȺνýĽʿ˺ӱߡ
˿̵ī˼ȴһΡûҵСүơ
˵ˣɲģǷܻ컯ˣҾ㽫ߣΪָԭȥ¶ȸţǵ˺˵ڣ˰ץˮΣɹϵҸأ
˼ݹȥһѿӣ˻֪ˮΪһ˲Ĵ㶡
˼һЦ֪Щ˰ˮν󨡣
ˮһˮȻŵǰ˻Ρ
󨣬ⶫΣգ굽ƤѪ
Сһ󨵱һС
īԼīӵҲ̲ס鶯ǣĵǣһأ˼֮ǵҪ׽Ҫԣģζһѽ
СôЩҥֶ֣һˮΣڶ˵ȣũŷɥѪ棬˵һζҩң굽˵ƤһٿݣʳԼѪʱ򣬻ͷһʣԸܵۡ󣬻ԶˮУ˸µҧۻѪӶƤļ󡣡
˼µĸ˽һͨ
СŵֱܿˣҲ֪û˼Ļ
īѹûаѳ˼ҽˮԣˮεҪġ
īԸ˿ʼ׽ˮΣֶһ˫Ӹһ
ԼĪʱ󣬼ٽˮξ͸˼һڴС
ŹеˮѹѹһˮοʼŤ˭˶һļƤ
ʿǸµҪҲûҿľͻѲߵľͻѲߣǿԵû˵ˡ
Ȼ˼ҲЩʿǳԣΪʵ̫ݳˡ
һ֣ʣµԵʱٳԡ
ˮμ򵥵һˮ󣬳˼ֳŲԶīԼС乴˹ָ
˴ɡ鲻Ըߵ˼ߡ
кηԸ
һһѼЩѾˮοƶǣ粻ըġġģҶǳԸ
ԡԾˣǸɻС
īһĽ̽Уһﻹеȵˮοƶ
СҲīӹ˼ʮˮΣȷˮζ󣬲һ
-

226 Ĳһ

ˮδɾСīԴͿʼˣǱŵģڶվ˲䣬ȶġ
˼˵Ĵɾ˵ٶȻ졣
ˣȥЪţʣµĻͽҡ
˳˼īС͸һԶȥ
Ķӵӣ˼ĵûмˣˮжʣ֪
ִǻǿһĽĿ˽ѧˮε⿷ֻϧЩСûǸڸˡ
˼Ŵ⣬èܵ˳˼ߣСԹһ￴һֹۣסֱϵļƤ
ⶫܳ𣿡
˼һ٣ǱˣæϵĶҼ塣
Ȼܳˣҿ˵ûУ˵и㿴ˣһе㲻ġ
һˣ£ôڸʵǡ
ҲˣŵԼ뷨˼ˣҲǴǰǸֻ֪ԵСŮˡ
˼ȥ˻һӣҲ
ˣ˵һԡ
˼һ罻ҵУҵǺڴ˼ˮδ͡
ǰԹ˼ըЫӣ˵˻һ֣ʲôѩɽɺ
һƬɫ֥棬õҺЫӣըƺ֥һţһ棬ѩɽɺˡ
ʱǾ׷˺üأԣֻҪĶǾһóԡ
ŶԳ˼ޱΣ
ܿ͵磬ż˼СƮ㣬֪ĽʿҲżԵûż˶а̾ζأĻˮˣ
֮ĶõǵĲϣҲԵġ
ú󣬳˼ҽ˶˵˺ϣֻֻкһˡ
˼е조ʦȥˣ
˵ӲȥЪˡ
Ц
˼˳ǣڶɣˣЩ˲ԣֻ˵û֡
˼˷һСϣСԭõģֻǳԷҪҲͳʱСӡ
֪˼ʲôΪĳԷ飬ûŵ˵Ȼ漢ꤵĽʿһȲľʹһðɰ
벻㻹ա
ɰһʳȻҨһ벻֪ʲôƵһڡ
ζһָ״С⣬Q˿ںΡ
ٺ٣ˣԵΣ
˼϶Ц⣬ֳűʹ˸ɫ
ֽһ̲˵ĸӴ򿪣ֻһɫˮξУѾʳԭˮε̬Լȴһ㶼ûб䡣
˵óţڿǰըˮκδʵһӿ˺
²ǣɵþҿ
ˮ𣿡
ţԵĲȫˮġ
˼һĺӣź佱أȴǱһۡˮܳҲ̫ˣŵνҪٳʲô¶ñô죿
˼һЦԼæ˰òãк仰ٶĸҲֵõġ
˼ΪˮεĺôˮβܳԣŶյĹЧ
ȷ˵㱻ҧ˺󣬿ˮѪ
˳˼һҲ˽䱸һʼӶִ𽥽ܡ
ٷֻбҡ˼˳ԣĽʿǳǰӣţֻҪԳ˼ˮδͣǿĵİɣ
Ҳ֪Сүôˣƽʱ죬һҪԶȻ϶˴УһЩëˣСүɾ͡
ҳ극˵ϵĿ룬˳·磬ǵų˼뺮
˼ݹȥһžҲ˲ᡰˣ࣬ҷмֵһʱµġ
˼֪·û¶лǵĲѣ·ϾֶҪǳôԳ¼ҵڣɩأ
űһ˻֣ʾȳȥ
Ҽ򵥵ʰһӣ
ߺ󣬺ִڳ˼ļϰοҪ޾Ϳ޳ɣ
ʲôޣһڿޣҲǸˣҾǵĶԷĲһǰԷ֡
⵹ᣬֶˣĻһǲ׷ϵӵġ
ų˼ļ򣬳˼ҲԺһЩ
-

227 ڰ

汩ɣ˼뺮УʵѾȹϵһ㣬Ѱ
ţʮʮ۶۷λȥҳ֤ݣǰүĵʡǰߴ̣ܻǰͺ̵ġԼˡ·
˼뺮룬һȨ㳯Ұһľأ
ʱ֣ͣˣֻǵ·ΪˮĳˢŢʿ·˫֮϶Ȼˮ
Ҫ첻磬Ҫڴ˵һˡ
һҲ޷ýʿ塣
˼ſϵĴϣ̧ͷڳգȴų·İΣҲ֪Сôˡ
ʱĳ·磬ѾȥǵİϣΪߵˮ·ٹܵˡ
ļλ磬ܲͿڷԣҶһûԶˡ
·ôŹѺԼӣΪûгԷ˿ĺܣҲһֻèûʲôſ
վСװϵ˳·׷߽գƿ˸Ʋ
΢һâս˳·Уǵó·۾һʹ
ס۾Ҳǡǡڴʱһȵˮͷϡ
ӣһζ˲ǻ
ȺӣСùһŹǵġ
·ţκֽŶȻ书ٸߣôãҲֻܵһֻֽϻ
ϡ˻СùãĲأ
˷ĴЦһһ˳·һඥ
ڰУ·һ˫Ѫ۾ˣͬʱаģһȻҪ˳Ƥ
һĥ·һƬڰ
ûܾϾ͸һ㣬һ̡
ʱΪĪɪɪ֮˱죬ȣ
أ·ƤʼأΪ˱Լʱѣҧ⣬ʹԼǧҪ˯ȥ
ȻЧˡ
·ʶ˲ٺʶԼȾ˷纮
СùãĶôҡ
·ڽͷСʡ
ȻȴֻޱߵĺڰԼˮ
֪˶ã·Ƥǧ֮أҲʵڼֲסʱ򣬸Ʋһƿ
Сӣпڸˡ
·ҧ۾ȴһŲͷ
ͷһɻ֮ȥζ·붼룬㻽һϴңһԵĸȵģʵֶ
ţͷҳʣµ㣬аƣ㡣
ͷĶŵ档
·Ҫԣֻܽӡ
ͷһлֽʳƣӵķ϶˽
·һڱ˳ʣµ㣬ȣΪ˵Եʣһڣ˷θ
ƽʱڣǸ·һ㣬ܳˡ
ٲ֪û¶ٵķָƲ
ģ·綼ԵͷĶȻǲиʣڳ·翴Щȫ˼ζ
ԺĲ֪˼գ·ķ纮ҩˡ
Ҳ죬Ʋûٸƿһǣǳױ򿪡
ͬʱ·ǸԼԵͷԼͷվŵо
ˣ·ֹǶԼĸ֨֨죬͸ˣǣҲôǱ
ϣСӾͷ˼ҹܽˣǻûȥүأ
λĺˣǹһҲ֪ү˼ǶȻСӺùҲСѵġ
ϵͷʼնûתˣų·硣
·СȻͣ˵Ӧںǵģ˵һ
תȥǴһһҴϡ
·ӣϡϣ⼸ллĹա
ߣգ˸㣬ЩҼҰԲŸԵģˣûڰˣҾһͶھ͸ҹɻûдﵽָ겻緹
ɫһŴüĿȴǱޱ
ʲôʲôڰڵ
ϱȥĴ֪ʱѾ˴ˡ
ĳ˴գһݲæֽŵĵطѸٷŽһԿףһתֽŵͳ˿
̧ͷһ꣬ȴǲ룬Ϲһֻ۾ۿʮȴһڲš
ʲôϴ󣬼סԷʱҪҡ
ܵͳһҲơ
·ӵվ۵һĻȴܵ
-

228 

ȴһߵС֮ϣһȺޱǰѵһͬСɽһİɽ
ĴѾ˰·һǸˣǵһʺĵضš
ʲôȥɻ
һ˳·ļ·һûվȣֱӴӼװСϵɳ̲
·߿Ťͷֻ껷˫֣ɵĿԼ
Ϊʲôɻ
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229 ǲ

˵үĲɰӪʢѪ飬ԶҲߣΪĵȫǴʯֻ̣Ҫүˣ˭Ҳҵط˸ӲȥѹһһһҲԶصĿֲˣҲܵõ׵ɣҲֻι
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231 ¸ĸ

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232 ֲ

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233 ϵѱ

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ڳ˼ɹʱ龽ȵߵϵǰ
ϣѾѺҵĶǲǿԸһ뿪ˡ
ĺܺã뿪»С
ϳĽʿʹһɫ
ʿǱǸϴ˷˲ŻõĽͣȻָһæµ˵ȥɰɣ
뵽Ǹ˼¡
عͷǸεĿһ۳˼ҸҶӶ߲ˣվҲԺҲǺҡ
Ļ
˼ЦԭΪϷ̫٣û뵽λΪ˾ȶӵϣȻӳ˰˹Ӱеˮ׼һϷϷƭĺòҡ
λͣǵүǺܾˣ߰ɣ
ϳų˼īһơ
˱ǸϵС󷽵ıԺȥ˱ԺҲһ벻Сж졣
˱ԺүѾϴߡ
ⲻǳ˼һμүǵСʱүǸüõӣֻǻĸ˲һҲû̫һ˵ò
-

234 ˮ

˼ϻֱӿżɽү°ҵֶδҲ̫Щ
ɩԲӣ°߳·ˣҲǱΡ
үڴʱҲŰԼĸɸɾ
˼ʮֱүȻ¶˻ϡ
δȳ˼˵ʲôү֣˴ų·絽
˼·ûܵʲô˵ĥһҲƽ
Сùãˡ
·ܹҪ˼ԺȴǸֳ˺ŵòɵúһ
ү˾ÿЦɩ㿴·ڱóԺúȣɲǱ°ġ
Ȼˣβѻ˵
˼һֱߵĲˮֽյķ¡
үԥҪҪ沿¶˵Ȼ·Ѿүǰ˵үһ˫ŮץɹһҲ޿κΡҲشСùκһܰȻ뿪
˼·ֻϢܴ
үһ˫Ů°ɹýֺͷҲܲµ°үŮүҲͬʱ˸ɹι
Ƿ̣Ϊ˱ԼֵܾͷȻֱӵֶΡ
ҿ԰æƣĶŮԼȣ˵⻹ǻʼҵļ¡
ŶɩûпȻš
ү٬ЦЦЦ˼Щ
˼үķȥүֱϵߡ
ү¶ǰʱ·ֱӾ沿һ
˼ī͸˵ˣīԼ˹˼ǾүôصˣܻҲǸ漣ˡ
˺أҪֲƤſԣ㲻Ըǽǽ
һǽǽ벻ˣɩܵ˹˵κñ
үĴվ
Ȼ˼ȴûиүɫ֮ǰү·˼ġ
үκˣүҲδػŹǣŹǣǺĴվҪ⺣һսˣʱ֮߾ԵʮֿЦ޼ֵ
ңƲǶʱ䣬Ҫü£ټϻָڰһ궼пܡ
ʱƻ˶ˣΪʮÿԵĺȵģǿɶôˣûǳ֮ϻַ졣
úҲûԸԼ֮С
ԣΨһľǾܾүүһ˫Ůֻ˵Ǹ
£˼Ҫδų·ī뿪ڣүʲôʱߴߵ˼ߵģ֪
ɩ¶ݺ飬ֻ뺮Эһ˫ŮȻʱǵıȨ͹ǡ
⡭
˼ɹ˽⣬ô˵Ƕһңһ̸ס
ɲ;ոԼҳǳأ˵׶Լҵġ
һҪҺſɡ
˼˳ǣˣҲ÷ոĳǳء
ףҪԿɹ
ү֪¾ǶϷҲͬ˳˼Ҫ
ǱĻȥͨ棬ڻɩڱĲɰӪһɣ
˵գүӱΪ뿪
ү˵ĻīΪˣīʮջھӪ˺ָκһʿôͳ˻ˡ
ī˼ѾߵīĽǰСȥ˸˵ҪǺûѶȣȥҪѶ˷ʱ϶࣬Ͳˣа취뿪
Сġ
īó˼˼ȥɹ˵¶ҪǾܳɱȥɲˣֻүһսˡ
˼˵ͷīһ򵥵ĸ
֮ī뿪˱Ժ
˼Ǳ·ԼСԺʼ·Ժ
СùãԺģҷкöѪװΣһһţģҰ͸㡣
˵ţ·ʹӻͳһ۴СѪݵ˳˼С
˼ﾧӨ͸Ѫ飬ֻһ˲֮ɢ
ȻϡƷѪҪѪ֪Ǽ٣
ٵģѪγɵڴ˵ضصĵС֮һˮ󶴣Ѫİڿ֮У죬˺ɫ
·粻Ϊ˼š
ЩܣҲסԺԺѾ̸ġ
·үֲ̫һܣǾôҲûôᣬһ
-

235 ŸŮ

˼ѪΪǺɫĺҲүôһøУ˵ǲѪơ
ͷĿɲܶжãֻҪй£㹻ǱǺö
˼·죬һǴ˳˼ҰС
·һ᪣תȥ᪡Ҹ㳣СùãҲԶĺ
С᪣
һǸǳ·Ĺùãæͳų˼һͨݡ
˼е£֪˽᪺󣬱뵽Ǹϡ
˵ĻҲȫ٣ڱԺ·һŸɾ᪣մ˳·粻ٹ⣬ŵԴĲɰӪסԺɣ
ˣ۾ôһ£
˼ǱõģƫƫǸֿϧģһֻ־ͳ᪵˹ȥ
᪺ܺ±֣ҪȥȴǱ·һ߬ס
£Сùҽһκġ
˳·ı֤᪲ûзƾ˼Լժ¡
˼᪵ʱ󱳵ĺëѾû뵽᪵۾Ȼûӡ
·ҲǱ᪵һ֪᪻ɵʵҵ۾е𣿡
УǰһոȥõˣԷ۾ĻҾа취ؼ
УɰӪ춼ˡ
᪺ЦţȴûƼ˼ȥ
˼ԵһʥĸߵͰʥͶһôˣÿһ˶м
᪵ĸϣҲҵ᪣ɽأһɰӪͲⱳѡ
ЩΪŮɰӪˣҪǲԸصǣȻٶ࣬Ҳͽ͡
ԣ˼ԼбҪЩıˣܾȵȥȣ˷ֲõˣѡԵľȡ
˵ֻҪʵӣԼԶ֣ǵ뿪ԺȥѰˡ
˼û᪣һȥ͹ںãµڱϷⷢ
磬˼𴲣Ѿ߶ϴõˮ㡣
Ϻĺ࣬Զ˼ŵζ
˼ϴúҪȣѾȴǿ޿
˼Ӳɵͣһ£Ȼ󶨶Ѿߵôˣҿɲѽ
ū澣ֻū澾ү̫ˡ
治֪￴үˣѵûһ֮˱пɺ֮𣿡
˼ʵʵ˵
Ѿǲ̧ͷ˼˳˵ģȴǲ˵Ҳͨ졣
Ѿߵͱó˼е㻳˶мӣΨүѾߣ͸첻µزƵġ
Ǻã˵˵үˡ
˼ֺһ࣬ʾԼϴ
Ѿ߲һᣬһαõĹһһ
ʵϣүûгɻ飬Ϊһ˫ŮһŮ
ƯںǼǮĹӸ綼ȢȻȴʸ֦ҪһõˣںòֻΪϲ
һүȥǼֵĴ߷ãμ棬ͱүĲŻҲǻ࿴ۡ
ʱﲢ֪үʵݣүҲţѳǺǵһţμӽԡ
һźһŮٰ䲻ˣ˺ܿ׹˰ӡ
үһйԵүæµʱڱʫ飬Ҳûж롣
һãУҲＴʱүΪûмʱߡ
ֻܿŴĽӰԼһĽõĹӸ֪ﲻˣУһŭ֮£ͰҵķӷŻˡ
ʱӣżʽѾӾܡ
Ҳ˵ֻܿһ𽫷ݰΧΪԼӶҪɥڴ˵ʱүʱ
ȻһѾյ·ϣеһ˫Ůүźߡ
үϣǽӴȥۻ
ѾɣĲҽ˶붼һЩֵģ֪ļ˻Ҳȡ
Ҫĵ֪үʵݣȥȣүһ˫ŮҲɡ
ĵǸȳӣһֱֻۣЩʱϺǻΪܵشʱǻĵǽ첻Ӧеصز飬ţȦȥү
ҿүļҲԶүʱܾԼĶŮ
ֻȴҲүˣүȥ뷨
үĻմˮıӽүӻоȳүճ˻ҽ
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236 

δүǻˣү侲Լһ˫Ůǲ
ûһ˫ɰĶŮ
ʱƣҲүһ˫Ů֪꣬¶ʱǷֵʳĺó벻óԣԼ׵һŵÿ޺ֹ
ҲǸʱүʼԼòñ˵Ƣñ壬Ҳеް
ڲɰӪˣÿһĴӡ
үĿľô˶ɰӪǽܳͷΪԼĮ˽ۡ
ǸݻĹӸ磬Ϊү·ĵڶϵɱˡ
Ѿߵĳ˼үûŵ㣬һˣֻô˷滺еԹޡ
ôɲΪ˭մϹϵҲȨ˵һ㣬Ʒ£Ʒµȱʧﲻ
Ƿŵִ㿴һ˵·һϢҪֱӴ绰㲻͵ʲôҲûп߿ˡ
ˣ˭Ҳ·˵¶
˱ˣүһΣֻڻʱ򡣡
ллūүллˡ
ѾĨһᣬų˼ûгĲи߳˷䡣
˼ЩεҡҡͷҲ֪īȥûУȥ󽫴¸ߺôģЩ˼֪
һ۴ͷǺң˼ȥɹɹ̫˵׼ҪȥɰӪһѲɰ
Ȼڳ˼Ŵ򿪵ʱϤӰȴǵ˳˼ǰ
ӣǲ֪ϲʡ
᪽һֻó˼
˼˳ǣճ緹᪾͸Ѫӡ
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һӣһЩƾʲôҲ˵ģ˼ҩռúüһǡ
˼һ˫һ״ϣȻ᪵нӹǻصԼķ䡣
᪻˵ʲôǰͱ˼ϵķײ˱ӡ
·סӴЦɵӣСùòϲ˶ţҵȻͳˡ
ŶһΪҪһȥأ
ץץԴΡ
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·׷˼ͶϣĿⶼ֪ӵһʺװ᪵ϡ
˼Ŷ˱ࡰ᪣˴һֻ۾úúõģһֻ۾˸ܻúúõģԣʲôΪ͡
˼Ļе£תͷһ۳·磬ӺתһȦæԺСүӣȥҾȥ
⻹ࡣ
˼ó·߾ӦøһĵˣʡСһЩû׵¶
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˼᪵ģжôġôϲ˽թӱֲ˳·ȱٵĶ᪵飬·ܹɳĸһЩҲСùó׷ſ˹ܡ
ϣ˼ҲǸӣģñ˹أʵûоȥչ˳·磬޾ϸҲ
Ϊ˼ѾеƣǸ溮սĹУӪнʿһǵսˣԼ˴Լˣǲ̵ġ
սڵʧҲǿǰģԣ˼Ϊүһ׹۵ȷ˵ʲôʿ̻ʧȥ𽥱Ƿϣ˼ֻе뷨ܲ̾Ͳ̣Ͼոԭ޷ĳǳزǹؼ
ˣҽ·ţǲҲñ˽ʧҾ˰ͻص۶
˼᪵ķȥתַԸų·غš
·粻ǵһθ¶Ը˼ʮĬ
ĺСùãһ񡣡
˳·ĳŵ˼ŷĵĽŹϡ
ʵûг·ŶҪ˼ڳ·²˼ͱү°һ¶Ӱ˺Ḷ̌Ϊո˲鷳
˺úóͷһ·磬Сѧ侲
ų˼Сͣ⻹ͷһظԼⱲӶһܼһصĴһ
еļӰ쵽·ӡ
ϡ
˼վһֳ
Ȼûм֣Ƕһ˵ýֺͷҲ뵽Ǵ۾ϵġ
-

237 

ֺ᪴󣬳˼Ͱͽҩռ䡣
ֻǰһ뻹úõԼһͿʼͷһµĸо
е㲻
˵¾ͺˡ
˼һ߽ΰֳҩռĲʣһóܡ
᪾Լ˺ܶ࣬˼˵Լû¶ʱͻһۣ˱û˹Ǽһ̨̱ϡ
ȷԺ󣬳˼㿪ʼ˳Լƶ
һϸµļ飬˼᪵۲û飬нΪصĸȾ
ûˣɵģǺΪ
û󣬽ͨͳҩеļ򵥴ɥʧ˲ʹ񾭣Ժ泤ʱ䣬᪶о۵״ʹ
˼һһۿרõĿΪеĸ⡣
һȥһѰɫȻէ֣˼ŵòᡣ
ģСӶˣҲûһۡ
˼ǿŲΪһһеԼ⣬˼ָ᪵ԲһCT۵Ĵ꼰ԣˣͲװ۾ô򵥵¶ˣҪ­
CT˼ƬӲɵһ
ڴûʲô䣬۵⡣
˼óǿŽ飬ʼΪֲ
൱ӣǽװϾ¶ҪÿһѪܣİ˵Ѫ᪱˵ѪܣҪӵһġ
Ҳ֤ɹˣΪڻһָڣԼųԵΣմڡ
ϾǱ˵ӣÿ˶һʲʺϻҪ̶ָȡ
˼ĺѾһ㺹ˮ
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᪽а󣬳˼Ͱ᪴ҩռ䣬͵ذԼķ䡣
һУ˼ÿ춼Ҫ᪻ҩϴ۾׵βһϵԣҲ˵൱鷳˼Ǹҽ᪵ܰػ¶ҲΪḻҽһߡ
˼᪸ϱӹϵΣŽŴ򿪳ȥ͸͸
˼սŴƿͿīһվ档
ôô˵
˵ǰɹ˷ͬϷбȺȻȥٰٰ
˼֪Сʱ˵ɹĺʮְԵһִʯȡĽɴ˴ı᲻ɴݣ֮ͨ棬ֻжϽ³
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īҲͷһؼҲǰš
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˼ֱӵҩռ䣬ǵڱͷһʿľúѸִģӲޱȲ˵ࡣ
˼򿪱䣬ǰʿ͸һЩˮһ𣬲ֻ̫г˼İֱ۳̣ھ£δа𺦡
ҩռĹɣ˼ܹóľ棬İʹá
ĵҲãҪǱɹĺǻɹʼɡ
Ȼ˼Ųܱ˶ʼɲʼɣҪľɹ֪ԭбɹ
Ϊ˲֦ЩǲҪ̫ĺá
ţ˼ҩռԼķػصƵùһٰʿ󣬳˼Ҳ๻ˣҲûˡ
˼ٴνŴ򿪵ʱī·ĳ˼һݹӡ
˼߽īĴӱóһɫʵĶ̵
ŵԿѵǺ
īɻĽӹ̵ȴڽγʵһ˲䣬ɢĽλ˫ۡ
һѺõѽ
ī̵ڿԺһСֱ۴ϸĹī˵һϣǹֱ˵ϡ
ײɵĵطһƽпʱī˳õĳĬ
ðΣīŴлع˷ܵĿų˼˵⵶ΪȺҪǿ֣ǲ֪жı
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238 

ϵѣܹһٰѡ
˼Ц
īɫ΢ãʱǳʮүʮ˺ϻȳӦò⡣
˼ұ֤ʿһȺ˫˻ûеִɹ֮ǰʵǡ
ֻȥܵõأ
ڳ˼֮ʣүڼѾߵͬҲԺ
үȻǸϲɱɱˣȴҲǸġһ۾ƳīϵĵǷƷī˵ͷ
īǴæ˫ֽʸү
ҼԸɹģүۡ
үĽӹδĵ´ǳ˵ϻӶ˼¡
˼Ҳûаүˣһ¶ȴǼһѾ˵ȥղصĺ
𣿼ֱ̤Ьٴȫѹ˺Ͳÿȥˡ
ܿ죬һ˫޷ٵѾ߻һɢźڹĳ첽
үѾнӹתֽī
úѵǱȱһ
īȻǶԺĽѾã񲻵˺Ŵ˽ıһȸ£ʹ졣
īźСĽӽ˳
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үҲڴ˿̰γʿ׹ƣĺڹγˡ
ƾ۵Ĺ۲죬ѷֱǵǽ
ү˫յһǰ壬ǽնīΪȫ֤ĴܣٶҪƽʱܶࡣ
һ˵ԷҲǺ̬Ųɿصķչ
ײ˻ڽһֲ֮ͬʵ˴̶ĺ

үеĵʤǵڶεʱ򼸺þȫ
īҲûкܸоүģҲí˾үȥ
һΣʿҪռϷ磬īźүһ
īٴλӶʱֻʣ˽
˼үԼڳȫˣĽʲôʱ򱻿ˣǾȻûп
һѾõѽ
үϲҲںǺĽܵߵ˼ǰ˵⵶žȳһ˫ŮĳɹҪߵúܶࡣ
˼ĵ˵ͷû뵽վǰܸ˶ʮһ͵ִ
ī緹ŵӪأүߡ
˼ү
үЦɩصģİѾ׼ˣīʱһͬǰС
ү˵꣬һֹ˼
ɩǼǵʱδʲô֮ģī̸Ҫ׼һֱٰڴ죬ǲеٰ
ү¶ͲͷˣӦΪһ˫Ůʲô¶ҲûСǲ˽ЩֵܣһʲôɣԲˣƺƴȥˣȻҲ߱ʬ
ĶŮҪѾ캣ʮ뺮һ̤ƽɹ
үĿᶨĿų˼
˼īĻŲѣǾȻʮģҪʮͺҲܽʮ
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ɢȥ˼ֻص˷䣬ʼҩռʿá
·һֱſǻ˼׼һٰʿŴ򿪵ʱ򣬳·Цеľ͸˼һˮ
СùãܲҲһѡ
ȥסҪ԰ڣҲҪ˵⵶Ҹġ
˼ӹһڣתһˮ˳·С
·ʹ˵ͷ𵶾Ժȥ
˼ЩΣҲ֪·ʲôʱһˣڵ̰桢ûʲôϽģùõĻе㵣ˡ
緹˼Ͱѵַȥүṩʮÿһ֮⣬ʮ轫ȥǲʹãϾûīһǰ
ī˼ÿϤ᪡
᪵״ãΪӵƥȲߣڻָڵʱ˼ųԣΪˣ᪵۷ףΪ˲˵飬˼ÿθ᪽ϴʱûҩ
˼᪵ͦģҲġ
֪һЩǳԵĵÿζҧ˹ȥ
-

239 ƤԴ

ǲǺʹҪʹֻܺЦġ
ܺΪӺɷʹʲô
᪱һǲۡ
˼СõһһĲ᪸Ⱦۡ
ȵɣ°ú󣬳˼һٹʹͻ᳹׽㻹Ҫһ̲ǡ
̵ģһ̹ȥġ
Ƽһģ˼̲ס٩һ᪣˵һҪ˫ȫҾöۺܿġ
һҲᣬǶǱ˵οҵġǿᣬҲǱΪģ˵һֻ۾磬ֻ۾ǲһģϣҵҰܹӿһЩǽһֻ۾
˵ĵʵ뷨
˼᪹ȻǸ֮ţڳ·ߣҲٲһˡ
һºѾɹһ֮õīڴϢ
Ϣǣүһ˫ŮþˣܻصǣϢǣȥˣ˾ʮֻʣʮīల¡
˷̵ǣʮŵİүˡ
Ϊˣ˼ȥү
İ֮ǰǴ̽ϢȫǱİɱȥİǳڻңİʮš
үһЦνҪܱסӲУԱİɶһֻǵİɹôңɴ˱֤ɹİȱԼİҪǿᣬպȻǸˡ
үĻ˼һͷۣƺ֪ϢҲֱý򺣲ǡ
ʵϣһԹߵ̬¶˵׻Ǽˡ
İүİҲɹİǼҪ
ǲ۵ʵҲǺһʱ޷ͬ顣
Ͼÿһ뺮ȫû
˼ϣܹͨһ㣬Ȼ鷴鷳
ʮʿһˣҲСҳɾʹҵ۲ʺϰս֮ϣ־һʵ֣˺ȴСġ
Ǿ仰սģҲġ
˼ţʱص۶ܲϵЩļˣǻмˣҲҪ֤˼°뱲ʳǡ
˼үһЩС¶׼ߵʱ򣬺Ȼ뵽˷ǰĿġ
𣿡
Ȼ룬ζϣָܹ
үվ˿̿˼͸˼Ķǿһ
˼˼үʶԼͻ
ɩǱ㿪ʼɣһȫϡ
ү᪵Ҳŵģ֪˵װԼϣ붼档
˴£үԳ˼ҽҲһŵļ⡣
˼үժߣүеΪ飬ժ
۾
˼ϣԼļĳһֱš
үǺģͰ۾ˡ
󣬳˼ó˵Ѹٴүϡ
ү̧̧Ƥջǻ˹ȥ
ʱ䣬˼үҩռ䣬ʼүCTԼּ顣
CTú󣬳˼үıǹյеΣҲе΢Ļ䣬֮Ť޲üһ١
ţͱȽˡ
˼̾һ㿪ʼһŲϷƷ
ֱֳָдִҽЩҪվڳ˼ߣһҲϲá
ûҽһֳ˻ʿҽͨ˺ѱϵ塣
Сʱķ˼ƶһ׿еķ
үҪֲƤһ֮Ҳкܶ࣬ƤǴүȡȡˣүֳΪ˼͹
ǵòʧģүȱٵôүȹȡһЩ乤
ףƤүԼģ⽫ķѺܴһľȥѰʺүƤ
ү־֪ûл֮ǰȻһòõӣҲΪһ⣬ΪʺүƤһʶá
ֲܲƤ˵µļγƬذɣ
˼Ǹ׷ˣȻҪ˻ָòǾҪá
ûУǶ
˼ÿ춼ᶣүһЩ嵭ӪʳһҪ˵ĳԡ
Ϊһ˭֪ǼСʱ̨һ̨
л˺ЩȤ¶ǱΪүƤԴĹ̡
ȻΪܹ˳У˼ѾסλںǵǲɰӪС
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240 СС

ܴΪүѰƤԴĹУвٵصİԸƤ׸ү
ҲҪһǮǰǲܸеۡ
˼Ϊ˷ǳοһ֪үںϡʮСޣһүмӡ
Ҳô⣬൱ִһسǣں֮»кܶӡӡЩȫ麣ǹܡ
ͷ˻ʲôʱзүԣǻƳ߳
Ǹӵˣүÿһ˶ܺá
˼֪ǸΪйأүһֱʹǣԣҲһеĺô֮
ˣүڸִһ˭ʲô£ܻ˲⣬ܻ˶ʷ
Ȼ󲿷ֵĺǰջǺõġ
е˲Ը⹱ԼƤǰѼвʵ˴үȡᡣ
˵˼һϿԼƤԴǸŮΪɽҰʱѾˣҹ·ĹһСĵ˳ˡ
ܹүĶݣŮˣֵ֪ү뵽˵۶ҽҪƤԴƣ˱˶ͰŮ͵
˼жĶҪˣܾǵˮ֮ӿȪ౨ʵаɣ
ƤԴˣ˼㿪ʼΪү
һ˼죬˺ˮԶ֮⣬ûкϹۡ
ķ󣬳˼һֱ̣̱ҩռĵذ˯˴
ֱڶʱ֣˼Ž
վһȴ뵽үҩռ䣬תߵҡ
ʱүûѣϾ˵϶ӣһʱѲҲˣүҲΪʹסġ
ԣ˼ÿһʱ䣬үһֹʹġ
һæµֱ죬˼ŴѾôе۵үҩռ䡣
Ϊ沿Ϊ˷ֹȾ˼үϴһ֡
ͷƮݵĳһβ֮⣬˿̵үһɫĲܣ˵ĸоֺЦֿ
үл˵ĿǰԷˮʲôģȫ˼ˮάš
ڣĶŮңֻжӺ棬ʵĿ޺
˼ǵһؼүһ˫Ů̥껭С٣װֵʮֿɰ
˭ǽ㣬˭ǵܵѽ
˼ЦӯӯߵӸǰʵ
кų˼գգ۾Ĩһ˵ûнܵܣǸбýз
ԱԷõóԵģ˺òã
ãҪΪʲôں治
ǸŮӣ˼Ϊϸ壬ҲҪʱ
ڱ˵ҪһЩһ·ˣˡ
ҲܣҾҪҺѽ
˵ţ첽ӵĺȥ
˼ǲôСĺӿүǶصͣνٰСųôǾͲˡ
һѽ˻ʱӶԷ
СƤڿҪϢڻܼˣȻԽԽ󡣡
𣿿ж˵ҵûˡ
ŵĿų˼
˼ҡҡͷ˵˭˵ģβòҲβãвУҴǳȥ棬ǵˣ
ΪֹСһ˼ԻķһúóԵĶӿģһóϡ˵˼
˼ĵǣСӾСӣ̰飬ż¹ӾͶΨǴӡ
һĻһĻүУһ˲һµͷǾλɩӵĸף뷨ֱܿүǸɢ
ķޣֵúҽΣľǾ콻Ȩһүǡ
һº󣬳˼Ϊүеһλҩ죬˼ҩռһӳ
ΪүЧھǰ˻ҩ
˼ɴ󣬳үǰ·ڹò
⡭Ǳ𣿡
Ȼ㣬ȻܰٷְٻԭԭӣҲнͷ۾˵ıȽأԾͰ۽һ֣ڵӱ֮ǰҪ˶ˡ
˼Цүġ
û뵽仹ҽԭ֮үип
Ҳ˵ľǽ
ţ
үһ󺰣ȴǣ沿˿ڣ۵Щͺ
˼Щεϵ˿ڻûȫϣĿǰֻܺࡢ͵Ķ˵СС
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241 ж۵

˵գ˼ҲүûȥҩְǸªָүϡ
үе㿹ܣܼˣΪʲôҪ
Ҳ밡㲻Ļеණͻʱˣ㾭ܵʹཫڵʮ
˼ʵ˵үȴҲ֨
İȴүĺүкηԸ
ûнſʵ
ȥѱĻں
ү⡭
˵Ѿ˳ԭˣЩҲԹ̹ˡ
үĻİҲһϲӦһǰԶ
˼ս˭ĵĹӣأƽǸһ˵İȫʵҲǸв£Ҫ춼˴ɱưҲ衣
ֻսҲøһæµүѾ˳ЩԣǵİȫֵõһݱϣȻǿĵĽ
ڶ죬Լʮ⺣ϢһգʿзĳԷĵ壬ҪôȺȥӾҲһɰӡ
˵죬òˣΪں˷ѵʱ䲻٣ȥָ׼ᵽ¡
ֻүһʱܺõģ˴˼ΪֻٵľεĲˡ
֮£˼үһ֮롣
үҪģĿǰֻܸһ·ÿһʱ䣬ҶҪкڵĹ۲ҩǶϷûһصģմˮ
һһ𣬱Ҫϱһ˫ŮҲһ׵ǰİݲԶģǽʿһһѪѻġ
ү߬ȭͷ˼ү˼ñǼ٣ɹ档
˼Ҳͱİ˵ҲñӴн˸ˣΪ£үһֱڻ
˼ĵǣԭĳǳػδȫոүܾѾ뵽Ҫɹǳ˼Ʋүڱʵ̫ˡ
·үоս͵һм֧֡
үʲôƲ磬ԸүүǿǾԵĺ֣ʲôԶƶ
ڵʱ̣ȥһǳأү򵺳ǡ
˼ү˵ϲռһЩ߰ˮʲôˮߡˮα˶Ǳ֮ȴʱʱƵЩĳ壬Ǵ
˼йүӢ¼ĵǣϲռˮһŤˡ
йү¶үĺ٣һЩ򵺳ǵķ羰
򵺳ǹ˼壬Сر࣬ˮ֮ǵ
ΪˮԴḻ򵺳ʢˮ㣬˵򵺳ǵˮɫģһӣ㴼ޱȣӪḻա
˼ү˵һףӦִñȽϻ𱬵֬ף׼䰺ںأյĹЧҵ̴ͣҲǳʺ˸Сԡ
ڰ㣬һζǼը衣
ˮ㣬˼ȥ򵺳ˣ˵ȥ򵺳Ǵֻ̣ϣôһõĵطҲõķʽɹո
үźĴһˣɰӪҲһҹ֮ɢүٺǵʱ䣬ΪүһС
˵ԼĶӽźֶһ𹲸սҵû˻ԼĶûиδ۾κˣԵĴģǶҪͨ˼Һϰٱ
᪺ã϶ʱ˶еήˡ
˼·һȻҲҪ
˼鲻ôãҲʮأôˣǲ᲻ף
ǣҡû书ȥս¡

˵꣬˼·һЦ
㡭Цʲô
᪵ûɵһ졣
˼Цǳ·翪˿ڡʲôĸʲôϵǵ档
ԭˡ
Ŀһ˲ɵӡ
˼еһ۳·˵û˵ģսҲΪ˱ǣӪӪصĻͷҲǺõġ
ҲҪҾҪ档
˵գ·ʱڶгų˼ʹ
ҲȥȴǱ˼ֹˡ
۾ʺϾ˶ֻΪʱſ棬úһ㱻˽жӡ
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242 

᪲һ׹ȥֻýͷ㣬ԹԵĴ
Ǵȥǰ·ܹ󺣣ʿǶˣɵ߲㡢һЩా߼Ӳ͡
Ե뺣ǰ򵺳ǵǰǣ˳źߣӺֱֵˮ
˭Ҳûйǵ򵺳ǵľ룬ʿֻһĿ꣬ǰߣɽɽԽ
Ȼ˭Ҳ벻ڴºǰδеı
죬ɫ˼ΪҪ꣬ҲǿĵĽϾ죬ҪˣҲˬ١
ʵϣԲҲηɫ˼ǣвƣ²껹һ¡
Ȼ˼ǰһ뻹뺮ôһ룬ӤȭͷСıǴ
ҺýʿǶףͷҲͷţڽʿͷϣƹƹҵ˿ˮ½ӣ˵ĶĤĳ˼ֱ
ƿһ۴⣬ÿʿһǣվŹĺһ·ڵߡ
ź˵ȥīԸӪկ飬˸ߣǴ
ź˵ķʽ˼ֿ˻
治֪Ҫ೤ʱ䡣
˭֪أЪϢһ
˼ұŲŲλãڳ˼º󣬱һֱŴ⣬ϾԵ֮ɫ
˼ЩΣȴҲ޿κΣĳһᣬҲ˯˹ȥ
⼸仯޳˼ظðΪ˱⴫Ⱦ᪻г·˱Լһ
Ǻ֪˼󣬾ƵƵҽ
˼Ȱ޹˵õķ纮ᴫȾÿζûһ˼ʱˣ˼ȰҲûȰˣԸþʹá
˼ΪǿЧĸðҩҩһ˾ͻᷢԡ
֪˯˶ãֱ͵һζ˼ٿȻ˫ۡ
һ亹̧ۼȴǼһĿ
ôˣ
˼ظð˺ܶ࣬ȴҲ˲֢ɤˣ˵ʮַѾ
ܵĳ˼壬һֹӡ
˼һ۴⣬ͣˣӪȴ˽ʿǰ
˼ֱӣĿ׳ʲô¶
ϵıͣˣĪ˸꣬ҲɫģٽʿУеֻժϵĸ󡣬ȴƤʱϱ˶ˮݡǣˮݻȾӪѾǧʿȾˮݡաⶼǳ״мصģѾ°ĭˡ
꺮Ļ˼뵽ִһȤĿѧЧӦ
˵ȶһ³ĳͻᷢ籩ֺ
Ҳ콵ҲһԤףĳڱʴǸ
ү氮ЦεƱǹһƬ󡡣
˼˼䣬
ĳ˼ŵϵĸ߲Сţִⱳų˼һظĵϣ˵Ľʿߡ
˼ſںıһ·ۻȴڿͷ׵ĸʱһ
ȵȣҵ׽һֻúоһ
ͣ½ŲȷĻͷ˼ⶫжɲǵ۶ĸ󡣬Ǳ˯һҲ¡
ĺˣ
˼óһ˫ҽõܽףˣֻý˼¡
û취ҪʿǵǲǱ󡶾д֤ƳһеĹؼڣԵϲǡ
ʵˤˣٳӶ¶档
˼һֻõĸںڻ£ֻһ˽ҩռ䡣
˼ϡǵãѧҽʱ򣬵һʵţܡ
Ȼţܡܡ󡶼һˣ֮仹һġ
ţܳԳ棬ţʳܳԳ棬ȻҲܳԣȴҲΪǱԳ棬жĶȴһζҩ֡
Ȼ˼õ걾һ֣һ֣ܣ嶾Ϊ嶾֮һ
ֻϵĸҪִܼһЩڳ˼ڽоʱ򣬺󱳶һļƤ
˼ҩռдʱҵ飬ƳѪ֮󣬱ڶʱ˴硣
ҩռ˼ڿյϣԼ
Ҳ춯˻ȥ
ƿԼһܣϵֶǰҩ˵壬һرۡ
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243 

ѵѾƳ˽ҩ
ȥЩһָС䣬ԻȾĽʿⲡʹ
˼һΪһ˺һԼڽʿϡ
Ϊ˽Լʱ䣬һν˼ϡ
ڽʿ룬˼ȥ˸ȾΪص񣬺ȥС䡣
һæֱ磬ӪصĽʿ㶼Σա
ͬʱ˼ҲúһϵĸãҪ̤
Ȼ̫ܼ̤ܻ粽С
Ϊ˸ʿڿһүİ־Ǹ֣ϳ˼ַȥףһʱͰǰĵ·ͨ
ʿҲû緹ѸǰǨƣȳ뿪иŸͣЪϢ
˼ĸð̳˼κҲ߰˰ˡ
ϴһأīǻ𼱻ǵҵүһ˫ŮҲ˸󡣬СһˮݣӶ첻ˡ
˼üë΢ɣүǸ躢ħ⼸죬һ޲ιӳԣôԼĺȥȫӪ֪жĸ󡡣
һţ˼Ǹīȥүڵ
ò˵үݳޡ
һ䷿ô˵滹ŴһӡӣȻһ֮סĵط
˼ͷһСϵıӱ۾С˵ģϡɼлƶСĺɫˮݣʱеɫҺ
ӦǷˣδ˯ţȥϵˮݡ
һٴ룬ó˼೤һۡ
ЯĶظȾĽʿһǻʹͣӲʹֻзա˯֢״ɴ˿ɼ㲻Ǹ¡
һֱߵүɴų˼֡
˼ˣүֱӿżɽɩ㵹Ǹĺƣվð첻ﲻΪǼ˼
óүԹ˼
˼æĴֵĲܳȻֱӵĸ֫λá
һ¾֪ˣǲ˸󡣬һģǱļĵľ֮ж
˵գ˼óүզܸûмֱĺϳ˵Ѫ
ɩҪȥ
Ƭ̣Ͼ
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ɩҽǳ˱֪ѽ
үЩڣΪʲôôڲʶһʶָ׼ٳԲٿͷ
Źһʱ˼üصĻصү
īҲ˼ʲôģͿһīү˵ӵ컨
컨ô
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컨ƷǺһоģ˼ҲøлˣΪ˸õ컨ķ
˼үһ˫ȴݻϿȥ
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ߣڶʲôʱˣ㻹Ц
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˼˰Ĺ򣬽ϵ¼˳һʮŶȣһʮȣ컨ˡ
Ȼ¼Ʒŵʱе㳤ⲢӰյĽ
ү˻𣬺Ȼ־īл
˼һ˫۾гһɩĪ˱
ǣ֪˶ǮȤҺҪ
˼ЩΣȻ˴˼ҲûΡ
үЦɩвǾȺǲȺӱס
үϰԼÿ˵һ仰ڶģΪ컨޾ȵġ
⻰ͼˣҾȻص۶ٻˣ̫СƵĺܣرӰ쵽ҵ顣
˼ռ˵ǷƵ
īɵó˳ǣ˵ʲôϲǮ˵ʲôˣҲƭƭˡ
үȴڴ˿̳һɩֻҪϳ֣Ī˵Ҫʮˮģ㡣
ô鷳ҾҪһҪίһˡ
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244 

ү˰ֱʾ£󣬳˼óǰ׼õӴϡ
ȻҲǴٽԴ壬ܳҪҩͿĨҩС
󣬸ӹˮ˼С֡󹦸ɡ
Ȼ˼ûƼվīүϾȵı顣
ڣ˼ԴԴϴóһǼδδŵĶ
үҪЩʲôʱȴǱīһӡ
үӶı죬ʱ򣬳˼һ棬ѾȺʱŤͷү˵һʱ˺Ӱ롣ϵİɫҩƬӶÿһƬˮͷҩÿͿĨ飬ͿĨ֮ǰȫüε¿ˮϴһ顣
ãסˡ
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ţһʿץһֻҰ֪ˣͰֻҰóȡ
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ʵϣֻҰץģҲ˼˵ͻѳǽʿץҰ
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ţҸڲԶ壬ûҵңǱǸ
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ҽۣȰȥѪΪѪԴٽ³´лʹԼѪҺӸɾ
ͬʱѪ֬ҲᱻҪѪ׶ˣܸѪ֬ȱݡ
룬˼ְùҽŽ
үڳ˼ֱѾֲ֣Ȼر֪ôģһ뵽ԼԼӣ㲻ˣΪһѾ鷳˼ˣʣԵò顣
㻻ҩˡ
˼һʱ䣬үٻҩͲôЦˡ
ΪֵĹϵү󲿷ʱ䶼ﲻҳȥ
ڳ˼ժүֵʱүˣӦ˼顰ˣͰø㡣
˼һЦ㳹׺˵ռСˣ㻹ӵĲָҲûô
Ǻá
үӦȴǶԳ˼ƺãĻҲǼ˼ӵĸ֣Ȣôһӣɷѽ
үҩ˼뿪תҩռ䡣
˿̵ĺɳϣһֻèʵĲʱҲᷢˬʵЦ
˼߽˫ִںļʵ˵
ǵȻԭƫԶĿ
̫˼˵רעĿǰĶƬ
˼ֻǺһȤϾִҲкܶϲġ
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245 

ʱ˿̣Զڵ۶ǵȴ˽УѾüû˯þˡ
Ҫ¶ȥɣһʱҲ
ɣı֮ģı֮¡˹ᣬѾںĶУȻѷһƲ˵ġ
ڻ۶û죬Ͳйأֻǿûǿ֤ݣʹÿڳ֮ϵʱʧܸա
ͬʱ¶Ҳ಻ò¶࣬һֱΪǸû뵽ͷķ֮Ĵ󳼶֧࣬ܵǰδеΣԼܸС
Ϻ꣬ǮͨЩϺз
ֹҪƣҵϡȻԭڶ࣬ǱҲܷɢػ۶ǵʮúˣһ죬෢вλ͸
ǰôû뵽һ㣬˵ԴתĿѽЮһ˵͸ˣǱһЩʲô
Ȼ󣬱ǽʾ֭һôʵİ취
ҪǰĶӣͷö
ףӲˣһɵĶǣʱ϶ѧϰ
ⲻǲУ˵ôɣ
೹ûˣ಻֪뵽ԼŮҪŮڣһһƤ
˼Ƭ̣˵նǣͷĲӬ
Ŷ˻
⼸˵һļı
ЦͷɾҲ˵ģȥݻǮôš
ţе
ۺӣͷڻһбѺ̳ӡ
հǽ˻ϡ
Ȼʮ࣬һֱڳ֮ڣʹеˡ
Ϊİ㰡ҪģȰ㻹ģû֤ݣ޾ͰһԪϸɱˣҪηڰ
ϣϳΪ¶ϳټһ˵ղ΢˽ãﲻƽԩһһ
ĻϾȵֱվ
Ǻüıѵ޵Ļɩˡ
ûУҪʲô˭Ҳز
ϲỹãһӶǻྐྵȻѾڳĶУҪŮӳôҲˡ
ЩʧûʲôʳԼĻɩԼҩԣ⹬ҽʵ̫͸ɬѺȵҩˮԽԽûθڡ
඼˵һЩʲô ϶Ҷ
ԻϵĮֻа̾ʲô˽һЩ˽С˰ˡ
ϲǲ֤ݶˣ޷ǣ࣬Ϊ۶ǵĴˣʣµ־ҲάʹʱҪλȵֻûνĵ֮
Ե֮һ˽ģ԰ΪõҪȰҪݣܺûô˭Ҳλ㰲ˡ
׼ˣûʲô¶ĻͻؼҰɣҲҪЪϢˡ
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޲ڰ࣬ѵûӼҲҧ޲뱻ǣУҲΪ˸ǰߵĻʱ䣬ʱ⻼ģԭˡ
ԭˣǰעȫеϣǸȥ߽Ȼ
ԸܹףȻΪˣʲôıأ
һΪѡ
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û˵νĵ֮ˣҪϵһûУڣɱΧûϡ
صҺ󣬽ӹĺϢ˵
˼Ƭ˵£ʱҪ࣬໹֪ˣ֪ղ¡
ţǱȻ
˵ͷһ
ڶ죬ʱ򣬹еĲܹǽɫฮ
һʥּһղƣҲ˵ƣ˽ƾͬϱˣκаֻܶ
ּˣʵگԻ
ܹһ󴮣ڵϵฮһֱ˯
ܹ꣬ʥּƽ󣬱ǴһǷˣҲȥ˯ɣӼҲҪعȻ󲹾ˣʵ̫ˡ
գ۶ʮַȡöǰҹȵĸ˯ţ˺ҹܽ˯ߣҲ˵ฮ˲˯ĸʱͱܹʥּˡ
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246 Ǳˮ

ӵʥּͣ£أֲƣ˵ÿյ࣬಻޿֣ϲ졣
Ǻ֮ϣͳ˼ҵսһϳƼǵıݡ
һʼҲ֣ʱһãˣֻ࣬˳
֪䣬͵˶죬˿̵ĺѾ򵺳ǣڴ˶֮ࡣ
ʿǻ˴ްĿףкһǱĿףȻŲôÿȡůսȫ顣
˼Ҳ˶װȥ򵺳ǵ·;ңԶΪµ·;УҲ˲٣˿˿һֳζ
˺ȥأ
С䷢Դ󣬾һֱں߷߹ߴ١
˼һҪͻȻӪﴫһʿ˻
ΪˣС˼ȫǵķȥֻһʿųಲһͰһͰˮͷܡ
˼ü󲻽ĿС˵ǷϷ𣿡
Сһֱ켣ӪУżһЩӣȫĵչ˳˼
ԴС֪ģҡҡͷ˵ǵģѵԼĿ򵺳ɭϣǶ벻ˮԣѵЩˮԵĽʿǱ򵺳Ǵ̽ʵ
ԭˣֻ㲢ܸıʲôȥһ˰ɣ
˼Լҩռ䣬ֻҪȥĵطû˭ܹġ
Сһ㶼ϣʲô¶ԼΪôһЩүǣܻܲػضɣ
ǳ˼ȴôΪΪҩռǱˮ
̻ЩʿʹִǱˮȻǲܵģһķʱ뾫Ĺ
˼ѧϰǱˮʱ򣬿˲·ӾˮԺþͿԵġ
ǱˮҪѧϰܶרҵ֪ʶԼΣʱӦԷ֮ûһѵǾһרҵǱˮԱġ
Ϊ˽ʿǵİȫ룬˼ǾΪ
ҵ˺С˵һڵһһ㿾ͨĺ
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ҲʼԵĳͨһûмӣûѾ߷Ρ
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ȥ򵺳ǣгʮ׵ˮ·ߣҩռȻǲѧģֻܴǱˮȥ˻ᱻ˷֡
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һֱ̾ˮߵĿʰ
һΪˮ߾ǵĺʿ˭뵽һ̣˼ȴһҹȷûע£һ֣ó׺ںĹ·
ԲεĽӡ˫񴬽һЬӡ֮Ҫжô־жô֡
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˼򵥵һ飬͵ź洩Ǳˮ¡
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¶Ҫ˼һȥ򵺳ǵ˼Բǰ·жôΣѣҪһԡ
˼Ҳº¶źһ״źֱӽҩռ䡣
˼ˮЩ׾ĸں档
ˮ˼һֻƺǱˮ¶ֻһ裬ƼˮڰϻҪʹúһֺ졣
һˮЩˣ·ֽŶһסһ˾ͻֹס³
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247 ѹ֬

ʶΪʲôڴһȥϴӦ˸ɴˣĿľ֪Ѷˡ
ǲġ
˲Ů˵ģŮĻҲԡ
ھʵսѵ󣬺һǱˮС𽥴ﵽ˳˼Ҫ
һ˰Ϊǵжܽû˲Ƕʲô
˼ǲ̫ñ֪ǱˮµĴڣÿʱԼķչ򣬾ͺñмеĵܼܲûУ˷ɻһһԳӵо˼Բȥ
˻ص֮ǰ˼ү˵үҲʱɳ˼š
˼һȲ衰Ⱥţȥ緹
ţҲЪһ
˼˫Ȳ˼ںûȺǴī
д档
ɣ
һѣīƿ
һݴӵ۶ţ滹úſڡ
ϵּ۵д𣿡
ǡ
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ҡ֪ǺϻﺦŮ
˼ͦѹֵģͬʱҲ֮⣬ȺһѾʧȥΪһҽߵԡ
߹˼Сֽ߬С
ǼȡԹˡ˵ˣѾûκְȨʷ٣Ǹеòев£ѾƲˡ
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ϵ֪󣬱ӦýųնģκԪϣΪʷ١
࣬죬Ҳฮ˳ס˸СƵԺӡ
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Ҳû뵽컯ͬʱĺøҲ˼֡
ɣ
񣬳»ѿţҲʲôӣԸӰĵո򵺳ˡ
磬һԣ˵Ҫɽˮ죬ʿǳѵ󣬱ǽȨݽīֱʧ
īȻֻǴƾȨҲīġ
⼸ҪʲôʲôʲôͳʲôʹСѾͷܶԳ·ȥЩƽʱɰţһʹũūҰѸ質īҲҪһӵġ
С䣬ˮûɾ
īŶȣָһ̶صƻ˵
СʱͲˡڵʱ򣬿Щ˵İ̺۶ֱӳˣô㻹ҪҸһһȥ𣿡
ǣڿģǶҵġ
С˵־
СȻ⣬Ƕõˮ߳񷵹ȥˡ
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򵺳Ƿֹ޺ã㵽˶ܵСȻΣһƬ͡
򵺳ǣ˼ĵһоǣ·һȻͬ˹
˿̣һСһ򵺳档
˵ȷ棬ʵǣҲڽ˽򵺳ǡ
ǸʮͷȻͷףӹӲʣżʮĳŴ飬ƽʱҲһЩ˼ң˼뺮ҲнΪҲǺر
үү򵺳ʲôĵط𣿡
еģеģ򵺳Ƿɢÿһ൱һӣÿ϶пջ¥¥ǲĵطС
һһҲдԺ֮⡣
֪˼ǱˣԶҲ顣
˼Ҳ봬·һʼʶֱӴү
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ǧģҪѹ̹֬࣬
˻
˼̯̯֣ʾԼһ˲֪Щ
߿ĽŴĸôһ£˵ү
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248 ҹж

үƢŹ֣Ҳ˲һ
ϲǮǽǮԽԽãԱʱ֮衣үᰮƱש̣ͷװĽȫװ䣬㹻򵺳ǵϰճԺһˡ
үĽǮԴҪǿ˰ʣµıǶȡ
ֵһˣÿһ£ҪҸȡѣ࣬һֻҪһӡ
˵һ˭õóҲסһʮѽ˹Ѿ򵺳ʩ˰֮ãпԣֻӲţҿǮ˰ѵġ
괬Ļ˼ɵûͷһۺүǻ˹ѽ
ǰԣǡ
һЦȻ仰û˵˼Ҳ׺˼
ȻүԲϰգǾͱǽ򵺳ǽϵ췭ظ
Ȼǵ˸ϲУϾĵש˽Ʊ͵޹أԲһ򵺳ǡ
˼뺮͵һϲĵط󣬱ǳŴ뿪ˡ
ڻϲкܶബֻǶյĽͨߣԳ˼뺮ҲõĻûд
˻ϲ˼֪Ϊ⵺ǰлϲ֡
˵ѰֵĵطǶ࣬Զ˼ŵһ֬ˮԼ˵ôᣬĵطǸŮ˶̫ϣԼġ
˼⿴һۺȴǷֺ²ߵıҪ졣
ιôĪҪһԲŮ˵¶
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СﰡĵضŮ˻ȥĵɣкܶģεС
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źһƬεͣԼĳΪ˼еΣ෴װһʲôûзӡ
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ҹ£ҹİٺܶ࣬Ǹʱɾܳ
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ǳξ㣬ɣ
ջصһıϡ
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249 

ߵ˻ϲµطۼĴ֡
ˣҪҼҵıˡ
ҼҵİɣǼҵĸɾвˮ͡

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Ҳһͽĸоһ
֬׺óԣȻ˶ѾԹˣǸǳǵ۶ףҲܳԳǵĸо
ָԼһƣ֬ķеҭ
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250 Ѫ

극˼뺮¥Ŀջסһֻҹжˡ
ж֮ǰ˼ҩռóĹߣһӡһצָһ׺󣬳˼ҹ£ɳ˼źһµС
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˼һۺͻȻԼȫԲЩƵġ
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үһ£Ļһӡ
ﳹ׹ƽ˼뺮ŸҴҩռ
үĶӽѪ紫Եүʵ̸֮ĺӾȥá
ôǶһӡ
δ𣬵ǵ˼һӵʱб˼
˼ЩΡʱ·û˵˶˵үԸбŪһЩ׺ݵĶ趾գһүıĶӣүô
ⶼүĴ㲻˵̸֮үûн̺úӣĴ
˼۲ݣ˼ֻЭ
벻ôϲСһҲĸǽ˺ӣͲӵˡ
δͬʱ˼Ȼ뵽һơ
ȻүΪĶӿģϧ»ƽκүӵĲǲүȨҲǿеأ
˼ԼҽܵģЩʱԼҽĳ㡣
ʲôأǲǱ˵˻㲻ˡ
ǣ
˼ʹյ˺Ķ˵һ󣬺üͷ
үսʲô򵺳ѹе㲻ս
죬컹Ҫսʹ졣
˼ƶүԼĶԶڲʹ֮С
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251 ¶ˮԵ

һʹ죬ԣǼж
ͬ˳˼ϱ˼صӪء
Ϊ˴Ϣүһ򵺳ʿүš
үιԼıԷֻ꣬ΪĲʹĥĺӻҪС
ԲԲСϾԲ԰֮ɫ˵ÿϵȵҩӣү˵޷ҩһˣûҩĶʱпȥ
үڷʱҡҡͷʾԲˡ
һλС˹ߵУүǷǷүиС˵Ǵ۶һλСүĲ
Ǳ
үվϵļ֮ɫҲֻǼһϡ
򵺳Ѿûԭ۶˰ˣһֱлԸ㡣˵ûд̵˼ҲûͶɹ֮⣬ǻܷŹΪһıߵо
ˣǺһҲˣĴŻڲñٳ¡ֻϧûгţ򵺳ֻһܽǧһբţֻҪǸɱ޻ء
ү۾һҲηս
үԴ򵺳Ƕصķأ򵺳֮һˮ̰ʽբţдբڻ߱ҪբϷľϺɶſɽ򵺳ǡ
ʱսүֻҪնľţ򵺳һ򵱹ĪˣբŷŴˮһнԻ١
үҪԼıֻҪЭãʱʮһˡ
Ҳʶһ㣬Ը̣뷽跨ȡ򵺳ǡ
¾һᣬֻǲ֪үֻξ
үСӻ𣿡
С˹ǼūͶԴүĹүȻҲкƢ

ǡ
С˹ߺ󲻾ãͿʼˡ
ץסûУҵԺӵڻͺͺģѿˡ
ѽڲץʱҪβ
үԳ˼Ҳһ˽ģҽܺãһС£ڰλүԶ벡ʹ󣬸롣
ֻǰǼֵܣɵĽȨͣŲôҪĲó˼κãȨҲύβ˴꣬ĪҪϾɱˡ
ܿ죬ŵСС˹Ĵµá
ⱨŵˣ˼ԵĴ˼뺮ᴬĴҿľ¥Թˡ
ͨ籨ŵ¶Ųֻ˴
֪һǴĺһǹھµҽʱû˻ͬʱȻҲֵˡ
үһǫүҸһ仰
˵ɣ
ү£Ҫɩʲô͡
˵Ķ˲аûҪʲô֮ԡУ˵Ķסĵطʪ̫أһзμûκΰ෴ز顣
Ŷ֪ĶסҲǲˡȥһ˵ŽĶӿˣʮɰ޻ء
ǣС͸ˡ
첽뿪߳ȥʱ򣬴ıˮ͸ˡ
˵Ҳڸ˱ŵ;УүãһŭǼֲ顣
ߺ뵽ԼĲǺҵĲ𣿡
Ȼܣп͵ש㲻ɱ𣿡
ɱҴɱŮˡ
һ㣬㵹Ǹ񡣡
үԴʵͷȴζӡ
֪ԼĸŮģҪзһ壬֪Լиӡ
ֻʱûпƣ黨ǲݣʹĺӴȱݡ
ɵÿÿԽԽԼĶӣүϣǸŮ֣ܿĶҪĸ׵ĹػҲΪУĶܹһ㡣
磬үΪȱݵĶӣͱүܴˡ
ʵãү뺢ֻ¶ˮԵү֪һ
ǸŮ˵º֪ӻˣŽӷŵſڡ
үӣǻ18꣬һһϢĺӡ
ţ˾飬һжΪĺӣꡣ
磬˼Ķһ˵үټ˼ʱǱԼʱС޸һѡ
ʱǨСѾƫƫŮҼ˸
-

252 ǹ

ɩΪ¿ѽ
ү˼Դ֮󣬴ǵЦûٹ
ЦѽȻƱשãҪţҵǲ͵һûȥǮá
ԭǻɩĺ¡
үȻȴҲûԹ˼˼ϾĶӻţܵһԶҽ
˼ףǳԼΪ
үֱߵȴû˺Ƣŭָ˼˵͵ҵĵשңţŮץñӳ鵽שΪֹ
˵ƽƴӵһҶԶԶվţͷѹõ͵͵ġ
ֲɵ߿Ǻǻ׹ݣǼҵүմ״ʣСӲ£ֲɵҪǵ˺СүĲܾûˡ
үԼӵΪֹҲʾȣϴŭɫô˵أλǱĻɩĳǸƲģ˵Ǹ
ǸͲ
ִֵүֱ֣ӻСȭͷų˼Сȥ
˼Ųæ߬סȭͷЦСѣôС;͸һݶͲԺֲϱ
ֲϱʲôϵſңС͵
˼ץ˸ţӻνķ
˼εҡҡͷСӲֲ䣬һʯ
СĺҲӲġ
˼˶ڣʹҩռóһƷ෱ˮǣ滹нӲӵֽװ
̫һգһſŻƽ𣬲Ŀ
⡭ʲô
һμϡ̲ס־Ҫȥץ
˼һֱۣӽֱ
ǼˮǣǳóԣԵĻҪҵǸ
ʲôǼˮǣ
ץСԴʾδš
˼ɤ֣صĽ͵ˮأˮǣ滹ɿڵĹ֮ܶ磬ҧ൱óԡ
ɲԸһ
ͷһɰģ
˼һټҪǸعͷһүү˵ͷһ̣ǫĳų˼ǷǷԲҴˡ
ţȥɣ
˼ǹСͷܵԺˡ
Ȼûһ˼ԺﴫĿһһĺǽۡ
˼ү߽һԵæ˼¡
Ĳ𣿡
һ֪ܻꡣ
˵үȦȴǺˡ
ȻΪһ£һŬȥΡ
˼Լ̬ȣүҲ˲١
̸𣿡
Ҿ֪վһ ǵлѣ
˼һѪ
үһڲ裬ŻڡԸ⽻ȨҲù˰кԼˡ
֮ĪǻȨԲÿ˰ǵϽ򵺳ǵĸҵеҲͣˡﲻʢ֬׸𣿽ԭأһ׬Ǯιʽ˶ڳЩ˵⡣
˼ѽΪֻ˿벻ҲǸ˼͸Ůˡ
үˣ֪ôģ
˼үѹûнĻȥòƻ⡣
үվԺһƺ˺ܴһ
ҪԴӦͲóеİսңҲκһǱжӣΪκǰǣñĶӽĳ󡣡
Ҳȷܲκãκþʵŵԣβã򵺳ǴӴ˾ͲԭϽôôһ㣬ɰɹΧԭȻƴһҲὫ򵺳ǱһƬ档
һΪ
үһϣĿų˼û뵽ĻɩȻŮӣ˶м
ĩˣˣҲˣƨƨߵܵ˳˼ߡ
ܲٸһǡ
Ȼԣǲٳˮˡ
˵ų˼ִһµг
һװǵĺӣүûҲû
˼ÿζأǵ˵С
ƼװŸֲͬϰǹһŰ󣬾ͷŽԼ
ǹޱȣ˿˿СС¶˾ɫ
ǹźˣ˶˲١
үҲǹ֮Ҳʳ˼Ҫһš
ԽүֱţֲñĶӻϲԭ溬бɡ
-

253 к

ɶҩƳɣȽⶾεЧʺԡҲֻα겻αĶԵƷ
ţǾɩ˼Ķһɣ
үʼޱų˼ˣΪһǹɱЩνС
ǹ𣬱Ѻȵҩṩǹĳ˼ʤһ
˼ѡһ䣬˽ȥ
ȥǻڵͷǹûв˼е
Ҫǹιʱ򣬳˼Ĳλһ¡
˹ȥ˼һǽҩռ䡣
ΪҪͬܶ࣬Գ˼
ҩռ䣬˼ʼһΪ顣
ǳѪȻCTȵһϵм˼ˡ
ٵΨβ˴ĭһʣЩʾ͸֮һճڷϡ
βزֵ״Ҳ˵ڲǷβ첻㣬Ҳǿõĵز
ֻҪһʱ䣬пΪ˶ʧȥ
黹ʾķҪСϺܶ࣬һеΡ
˼ܵ޾ıʹʱΪ˺ãⲻ֪ˣĺӾ󲿷ֶȱݵġ
ҩѾûˣϾҩŤתǬĿǰַֻһ֣ʷĵһлڶ֣ķȥ
˼Ż˯˵ԻͬʱҲڲͣ˼
һַȻѣһɹԼ˵һΰĳԡ
ڶַ򵥣һȱķβܡߣֻ￿ƿȹһǱڵʹһ˼ľ֮£Ƿ񻹻һġ
ؼַһΣգһַʸߣԳ˼˾Ҫү˵ǡ
ι󣬳˼Ѿѵ˷䡣
ȺүæǰѯΣȴǼ˼üͷӹתֽһѾߡ
үų˼һžСԺԺ÷÷ļڣԺӵ÷˱λǣƣ·ɾһ㡣
˼һãĿǰӣ㿴ҪһƷʽ
˼ַ֪үүЩԵڵء
仹ܽ˵ٻİ˵ϣ
ʲôֵģҲֽȻͬ޽ӵһ𣬲ˮᣬΪٲ໥޽ӡ
˼үܵľ˵
ʵѽĴԶġ
ү̫ҿ˼Ϊڵĳ˼˵һǸҽ
ѳף볣˲һ֮⡣
Ŷ䶼˵ʲôˣ
˼£ÿԻһգҲү˵ȫѹָ֣о̫á
˵˻٢תԭŮ̫ˣ֮ڰյĿо͸һʥࡢǿ󡣡
ү˵ʮ棬ÿһֶڱԼԳ˼ľ⡣
˼һЦô뷨ǡ
ѡһƷĶӴһʹֽһһԵһַҪˣˣٱûзֻ
ү˵⻰ľ͸һܡ
ѡѡֵ֡Ȼѡֻ
Ǻãһᾡڵ֮ѰҺʵķԴ˵ķΡ
ѵҪñɱ˵ĺӣײס
үҡͷ
˼һЦôܣҪǾҪ˵͸ɱͷˡҵ˼ǣҪһҽĺӵķΡ
˵˵ķƻľ
ү̿ˮ˼Ļһ
˼˵ͷʵҲûү˵ôţֻһִһǹŴˣ˼в࣬˵ĻȻҲв࣬Ҫֻճ
үҲ˳˼˼һȥҵкӣǽģеѶˡ
ҺǸүǮˣȻ¶Ҫһϰյϣֻ·һˡ
ڽļ죬ү򵺳пʮƽк
˭ṩʮƽ
һʱȫǷڣȻӵȴ޼еĺǲģеĺģζá
ڳ˼¶⣬үΧԭʱһ磬һźӵĸ
ʮңлỨڻекѾˣɫе㷢ס
-

254 Ƿε

ĺôģ
˼ͬĿˣ˳ֵݹȥһ
һס˼֡ȾҵĶӣҶӽ绹úõģھͲˡ
˼Щ⣬뿿ԼҺӷƵˣ⺢ȷʵˣΣ˼һЩ飬Ҳÿοһĸס
ȴ˼ģĸ˸飬鿴ͫף˼벻ǣӾȻһ
ģѵҽѾ˻ǻ
ҽĹű֤Ҳʧߵʱ򣬳˼ֻô⣬Ͼʧ˭С
˼Ӹнӹ˺ӣԸ˴ȥԵ㷹
˴Ŵ·ҲǸ˼ҡ
ûʳ˼ӱȥǸȥƫá
Ҳǳ˼Ϊһҽͷ۵飬Ϊвٲļҽܽκá
һ߽ҽҽ¶
е˵ȷȲҲûãǲļҽǽҽԺҽһߡ
ģûȻ˵ģһѱỼߵļûȦסҽԺĴţһڣҽԺҪһǮ飬˼ۼ֤ġ
ǲ»ߵļڣֻǵԼޣȲߣһȥѹҲʹˡ
˼صԼķ䣬⺢˼󣬾ķ֣⺢ҲǷβ첻㣬β״ճҺү֮һģһֻҪһЩ
ô
˼벻ף͸⺢ӹǣԼ뿪ҩռ䣬ȥѰǺӵĸס
˼˼ˣ֪ƫõλúһ·Լķ䵽רŽӴ˵ƫá
ʱүҲڡ
˻ʮ죬һЩ֮ҺȥûȥѧãҺض١
˼ӯӯһЦо仰˵ĺã޵Ǽįġ
СŽ׳үҲǣƽǽӴˣ˻ˣͬźӵĽַӡ
ⲻһյһ𣬲ȸ£ưոݡ
˲ҰܣȻӸ˵ȻܹЦ⣬˼Ȩ˼֮Ĳ
˼Ϊ˲ȨֻӲͷƤ΢ЦȨأҲ˼ҵһҴڸС
ü˼ˣүæվ˽˼
˼˰֣˵Ҿͳ˵
˵գ˼˸ˡ㣬ҺͻȻ֮䷢ĲǴǰв
ͻȻģҼҺһֱģȲ𸻼ӵܣӹǾԺõû˵
ͻȻģҲôأӶǴ̥Ĳ
˼ԹԵֹһ䡣
˺뵽ʲôվ˵ˣҶϳһ㣬Ҹġ֮ǰ̫Сûԣҵ˺Ҳһγԡ᲻жҼҺ˶
쿪˼ͷЦһ̡
жֻⲡ̫ͻȻںúơ
껰˼ֻصҩռ䡣
٣˼ܵ˸˵Ӱ죬Ǳһ󵨵ľ
踾˵ģôӦóȡһ⺢ӷβϵճҺһоǵʲô
˵⺢һ򵥵󣬳˼㽫һ⺢ӵķβ
Ƭ֮ԼĪһ˾ճ״ҺǸ˼ȡ˳
ھһϵо󣬳˼Ȼ
ճҺͷһ͵ϸδϸƤѪ̬ʳˣֻϸôһĺϡ
뵽˼뵽
Ϊ֤ԼĲ룬˼ֳҩռ䣬һΣƭĽƭԼķ䣬ȻʼʩҲҩռ䡣
˷βĳȡ󣬳˼ճҺҲ˻顣
븾˵ĺһޣΪܰڣֻΪƽ̫öʳϸʱõѹơ
ңڳ˼û֮ǰÿ춼ΪӣԣβϸҪȸ˵ĺ٣Ҳ͹Էβ첻㡢û˵ĺͻȻ¡
úúüһӵʳϰˡ˼˰Σ˼뵽ôһӣСһ㶼νӿ룬ͿǳԵĶʲôŹֵġ
ţ˼ֳҩռ䡣
˿̵үԺ˼״ЦҷأղŸҲһ飬ӵõͬһֲ֮ǰĻһ˵Ҫˣֻ˵ӵͬĹֲ
˼ûа취үи˽ϸҪ˵궼˵꣬ʵ̫ˡ
-

255 ٸ

ֲʲôֲβҿĺӡ 
Ǹүһģ˶һҲͬĻˡ
˿޺ֹ˼һҪκǵĺӣǱҡ
ôϣ
үе㼤ͬʱеңĶñ˵ķٺõķҲԭװĺá
ԼƽԵжˮ;ߡǵıӡͷ·Ьӡ
˼ߴ˵һѶ˵үûʲôõĵģǸе㲻ҪҰѼҶᵽ𣿡
ãɼȥ㡣
˵գ˼ִóһԵ׸ַ֣ЩҪ븾һؼҵǡ
ߺ󣬳˼˲ϳԣ͸үķ䡣
ӱ쿪ʼ˼˱걾죬ӴõģٵԵģǳԵģ˼Сر𰮳㣬ɡԵÿٷҪһ
ٴʳĿʼõʳģһһȡ˱걾
˹˼ÿñ걾ڳһЩʱ
ڷϣү˶ûθڣΪڳ˼ȡ걾ĹУ˼˵òɾĶ
ֶǹŴˣûײɾĶʲôΪʲôħ֣ŵ֣ԣҳˡ
ȻҪô⣬˼Ҳ˵˼ҴˣΪϸħֻҪֲ
극˼ͻصԼķ䣬һǿκ˶
һүҲ
ȻֻǼЩ˱ȳ˼ǵĺӻҪҲ֪ǺĶʲôܲΡ
캮ضģүⶳֱȦүסˣ˰һ¯ӣ븾һ˻˳죬ĥһʱ䡣
˺ҹү˻һȵӡ
үҪ˯ŵʱ򣬳˼ƿ˷š
Ҳ鵽ˣ򵺳ǵˮ⣬ǵˮƸɾʵĺܡ
˼һﾪˣǵĺʲôϵ
ɩ˻
򵺳ǵˮко綾ʣˮտ˺ȻߺˮھʱĻۣھͻѻأ̶Ӱ쵽β䡣ڵⲻܾܲǵĺӣҪҵȾԴֻȾԴʲôˣҲзӾǵĺӡ
ȫϣҪɩԣǾͲҵĺӻ¶ˣ˳¶Ҳʱˡ
˼˵ͷ̧ۼ˶еġ
ү״æѾȥų˼˼ܾѾߵĺ⣬תү˵ʲôʱ䣿
ٹʱˡ
Ŷҿ۹ȣµģȥ˯һͺá
˼ûٶԣǱתԼķ˽ȥ
˼˯º󣬻ԼԼү븾˵ʵ̫ˣҲû˶˵ʲôԺ˯ˡ
⺮ǸŮӡ
䲻ðһ仰ȴүע⡣
үһЦǰҪԭûˣϰǶҪˡ
һǻصԵķЪˡ
һҳסͷү!һͬ͵ĺӣ˵ܴյһڳ˼ůܡ
磬˼˳Ǹĺӣ񻹿ų˼ĸţĿһ¶£ͬʱҲֻһµʱ䣬ʱһ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲôпӶҲпܣ򵺳ǽһʷǰߡ
үĺ磬һʱǰүͰ򵺳ˮԸʾķʽ˳ȥ
ÿ϶Ӧ˸ʾ޷Ƕͬһ⣬ϰǲҪˮҪˮڲУȻ˲Ҳδεĺá
򵺳ǵˮɸɾˣô⣬ǴδˮŽˮ֮Уүǳӷѽ
ˮʮǰĺúˣʮǰˮɿڣڵˮʲôζһζҪǲտˮȲȥأ
һͷ˫ָһĶŸʾ˵
ͷĻһžףǵȫΧ۸ʾİշˡ
ǰ!ǲȥĺúˡ
⣬ͷ˵ҽסڸүĶβʱⷢ򵺳ǵˮ⡣ΣΪ˽룬ǶҪʾ˵ϸִУǲүܲܲźɣ
ȺпϵҲͬˡ
һߣʱӪؿԼĺҲЩסˣڸոյһţԼдġ
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256 

һţүҪ󣬶ǳ˼ԼҪ
ҪҲȥ򵺳Э򵺳ǿƸɾˮ⡭
ĽʿһֱŴ򵺳˵ˮأ
뵽ȥī
īڲˣæֵкηԸ
֪ͨȥӽ𲻵򵺳ǵˮԴ˱ʮ֮⣬һھǳԾˮ
̲𣿡
ī𾪵Ŀ
ЦԣҪлָǽһ¶
ī࣬Ϊǲģֵôƺϲѽ
ǵģǵģҸղҼأ
īһЦһǰ뿪Ӫػصīҡ
Ӫ̫࣬ĲȻˣӹǲôʣͷĲ
˼ͽȥΪţҲãΪеͲʺϲ͡
ҲѽζһԺûȥ˼ĵҲ˱ϡ
ֻҪҵȻԭվסŸԼĺҲܿࡣ
ţ¶㸺𣬱Ҫȥˡ
үƢţóȻȥ뻢ڡ
ߣĶӡȫǰյڱţ˺򵺳ǿԺøпճˡ
һ˵˼ǾͲ
ī˳ǣ϶ʲô춯صĴ¶ȻὫү˵λ
ҡҡͷԼǹԹԴŽʿ˱ھɣںҪ¶ˮ֮еģůŰɣ
īߺүֱַԼһ˫Ů˺ǰ
壬Ҫӻغˣ̫СˮС׵ģʵĲ̡
ƳһүӣȷɰСޣ׵۾̫ˡ
ȥҲãܲúӸŴһˣ
£ɩ֮ǰͰѺĲ̸˱ϵѾˣÿҪõһȻٻҪ£ճõҩƷɩҲˣ֮󣬱ͳ׺ˡ
Ǻãһİǻȥ
үûоܾߵߣǵͷǸ
үǲô·;գΪԼĳǳѾϵפǱѾڰ·ΣռûС
үתʱ򣬻Ƕס˽Ų˵壬о仰ò˵˻ǵ͵һȽϺãɩԸҲʵıһˣΪǰ·ߡ
ģбǲµġ
Ļ·ү˵һĳ˼ĻǱһ
үεҡҡͷԼֱ
磬ĿŴ˱֮ʮʮ򵺳н
˶ëѩŶС
ʮʮҲٴźİ·ǹ¶뺮һźô£էһֲֵͣܣһƬѩԭ֮档
˵ү«ʲôҩѽ
ʮϰ뺮̸
˼Ƭ̵ܿү뽻ȨзĲԸñãʵ
ʮ̫ףʮǻһүǶ뽻ԼıȨǰ漸үǱΣүȫԲģˡ
óԸЩѲļһ
һ¶Цݡ
ʮʮ˵ר
䵽򵺳ǵĳſڣſڽһ֮ϣмֻһľӣէһǵ
ʮ̲סпνһ򵱹Īѽ
ȻҪɱóȻүֻ趯һָˮӽĴɡ
ŵĽʿһˣæľͨ
򵺳ǵķ񣬹ҲǰȻ϶ٲһʡ
벻ǣţͿԼվһƬѩ֮УܴһԼʵʵɻǽСú˵ģƻ
ֻڳеűǣιһˡ
Ҫܣǵڻأ
˼˴֡
ʮʮǷ׷ڳ˼ĴһС
ŴĻǳ˼뺮֮ǰᴬ˼ģҲ֪ǵݡ
캮ضˮûԣϰճѩˮûɣ
û⣬ǵöഢһЩ
˼ĵĻشŴ⡣
һģ˵رȽĴ衣
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257 ȾԴͷ

ֻڴһʱ򣬳˼ɵô˴
ʲôط
Ŷģڶʮǰ򵺳ǻûнӣиӽɽ壬λһʮƫƧСϡһκˮУСûǧһԴˣɽ壬͸˹塣ÿ곱ϫʱ򣬶ܿ壬ˮΨˮλ½ʱܿˣûӳӵ˵İ׹ǶĿأ
˵ţֹסĴ£·ʲôֲ֮ء
˼ԵǸˣҲˣϾȥôˣ˭ںأ
˵үд˼ˡ
ϣ˺ȵڣǳ˼ֻǳһ㷹ͻطЪˡ
磬һ𴲾ҳ˼ʱֳ˼Ժѩˡ
״üͷɵý㿴㣬ˣСһʲôѩˣ
Ȥ
˼СһƲֱһѩź˹ȥ
ɴԼ˴ѩ̵Ϸ
˭Ҳûע⵽һССӰܽԺ
˳˼죬ͻȻ޺Ϊʲôûҵȥˣ
Сӿޣ˼뺮æͷȥ
۾޵ķˡ
ܿ죬үҲ˳˼СԺ
һѱԼӸᡣ
ͣشүļأأΪʲôû

үüһʹҲ֪˭ѽҪ֪һǸŮ˰ߣԶ벻
˼ȻΪʲôޣĴСһ˼ˣ뵽Լס
Ϊˣ˼Ǹ
ӹǱͲã˼溦һ֣ڿ޸ô
ǰóһǸһɿ
ɿڶԣ󣬲ܱůá
ˣһûԹĶ
СӾСӣ˳Ե˵
˲ᣬֱù˼Ĵɺǣһ˼õϡ
ˣүͰŵ˵ϣȥˡ
˿յүΪѵĿ˼֪ɩа취ﱾҵӵĸף
ҿûУûһöʲô¶˵ġ
˼˭Ҳģû뵽ɺҲˡ
ĵ˼Ҳ𣿡
㲻Ǳˣҵķڵġ
˼ǾֶͬѪɵӶһģһ
ү֪ԼҪһЩû¶Ӧô죿
ɩȾԴͷһ£ôġ
һһҵŲ飬ֻˣһҽණˮ
˼Ϊʱʲô˵ĶȾˮԴҲͷ㣬ʵ벻ˡ
ү˵ͷ뿪СԺ
ڽļ򵺳ǵÿÿĵģΪүıһҪ飬Ƿණˮǹ۲һӣ˵ʵڵģΪ¶򵺳ǿνĻ̡̻
ҲԸɾˮֻϡ
˵̽Ľ򵺳ǵİնʮְɾû˰ණˮС
ǺõģȴҲ˼ٴûͷ
ʱһ̫İ취ǰ취İ취
ãϴ򵺳ǵˮѲһ飬˵ҳԭ򡣡
˼⣬һ˸
Ŀǰеġ
˼бľϴˮͬĳ飬һҵȾԴͼ򵥶ˡ
үе˷ʱ䣬Ҳûиõİ취ֻӲͷƤӦˡ
ȻѩС˺ܶ࣬š
ˮһ㱡ıӰ촬Ŵ
ͬһҺ¥˼Ϊ˷ʹһļװϡ
ү뺮ȫﲻæԾװ塣
ʮʮ˳˼֣ų˼æǰæ
Ȼ˼Ҳûףһʮʮ˵ʻ벻ͬˮҪˮˮˮζ쳣еĲװһˮˮɫԣװһ㡣
ˣ֤񡣡
ʮʮͬ
˼ҲûţͬʮһĹֻԼ©ʲôʮʮҲ˽
æ磬ѩҲͣˣ˷ļ󣬿ǳ˼һֻռһˮûʲôصġ
˼ҪһֻҪˮеʳϸ߹ǰһԵˮԴأ֤ȾԴʳߵˮԴ
óԷˡ
洫˼̧ͷȥȴվװıԵλã˼վλøպһ
-

258 ײС

ţ
˼Ӧһʮʮһװ塣
װһǳůķ䣬̿𣬰һԲԲ֮Ѿźڵķˡ
˼֪ڶװһΪ˳з㣬ү˵صһ
԰ɣλҿˡ
үȶ˿ӣ˼ԼԵĲϸ
ȵƣվŵѾ߾ƶ˽ӣү뺮ȾƣʮʮҪ˼ɻֻһС
㴼ˣܲôȾƵĳ˼еˣסЩе뷨
극˼ʮʮصһװ塣
˿̵ĴѾ˵ٵĵطܿ˼Ҿס
㿴Ǳߵˮɫ
ͻȻʮָһƬˮ˼
˼һƣȷˮҪ֮ǰɫܶࡣ
漴ųŴĴ˵н
ǣ
תѾ˵ĺүΪԼȵ̫ˣʼתˣ׷ſϱ˯˹ȥ
ڰʱͣͣɫˮ
˼һȻˮеڣеƫƣŵǰϸϸһţһ˵ζߵĳ˼ֱġ
ȻװůһҪطһо
ǡ
ʮʮߺ󣬳˼Ҳûط䣬һҩռ䡣
ʼɼˮл飬ι󣬳˼˾֮УɫˮкʳɫˮʳˣЩɫͷ뺬ˮһʣ֮󣬹ʶŵζ
˼˴˵صˮ򣬿ˮλˮ壬ˮ޷Żᵼķ
ʧˣüǰС
˼ҩռ䣬ģʲôû
ôԭȵ·ʻ˴˼ſڻϣһ˫۾һĶŲ޾ˮ档
ǳŴˣĵĳ˸衣
˼ֻѵ֣Ҳûֹš
ųţ˼һ˹֡
壬˵ܿʮǰȥ˵ĺǡ
˼ֹһ֮ǰŴС˵Ĺ£ԭɽ壬ڶʮǰһκˮУȫǧȫˡ
ˣʬ˼뵽ȻǴӼװվ
ܵ˵֪𣿡
壬ĪҪȥ壿
̿ˮȻе㲻ֵ̫ط
˼˵ͷԼ뷨˵˴
֪ϵ򵺳ǵˮʰȫ⣬߬ȭͷ˵ģһǴ塣
˴ı֤˼һ·ɼǻصԼķС˯
һ˯˼Ҳ֪˯˶ã϶캮䣬˶һֶԵ˼룬;ñůͣ˯Ҳǲ𴲵ġ
ڼ䣬˼ѹΣ̫䣬ӵĶ˱ѡ
ʱ򣬺Ե˳˼ķ亰ԼԷ˯춼Ҫˡ
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ôȥŴȥĵط
ԭˣֲñô·ԽԽƫƧ
Ϊ˼ϡ
˼ĴϺ󣬺ϸĵЬӣ˼һһϡ
˼´սŴ򿪣һĺǴ˽˼ӣǰ˼ס硣
߰ɣ
š
˼һůɺţһһװ塣
װ壬˼ֽϵķⲻͬԭǶһӵĻ
˼ӣپ綼ů
˺ߣӶ˵ͽԼϲзš
һٷ˺ܾá
󣬳˼뵽װһʳµһװ塣
˼ȲϺСһҸ¯ӻȣֲܴﶬȺģ£ɺС֣ó˼
һһԼķȴʱ򷢳˺¡һ죬˲䣬㳯ҷб˼һȾҪˮͷȥҺúߣһ˾ײһůĻС
վȺ󣬺ЩŴŭô£
⴬ײˮµСȫˣ
Ҳһľ֡
˼ȴ۾̤Ьٴȫѹ
Ȼȳ˼Ķãһļװӿ˴ˮա
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259 ˮо¥

⣬⴬𣿡
˼סСһʧӡ
ȴһҪĳ嶯ŴŲá
ⲻܹѽҪ壬ʱڣ϶ˮͷţܽŵͲˣԹҳŴŲأ
Ȼ֪˸Ǻ˵©ˮˣŻȻ
ǵùõģ߸õС㹻ʹãֻǻȥĻҪҿһλˡ
³ŴĹߣٴһļװ塣
ԭһļװ֮ϻһңδȴȥſڼװϵĴȴǾģǸˡ
˼Ѷæ򴬹
װϵүʮʮҲһޱ֮ܵһװ塣
¹⣬˽ҵľΧһˮйͨ
ڵԼԼһɫοݹˣŵܵһߣǳ˼ǿݹǲŨҵȤ
˼ţǴǱˮµˮ²鿴һֻľأ
˵˼ֵĸ侲˶ûжʱ䣬ƾҪӼװµҡ
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ʮʮᣬᣬ˸ᣬүҪչˣȻֻҪڣҲûʲôõĵġ
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Σֻܸ
СΪСˮУÿһǶεĸԽ£ˮѹǿҲԽƫƫ˼Ҫȥĵطһھ¥ķӡ
ӵķŽţ˼һѣɫŵó˼Щײĺ
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һ¥޴󰭣˼Ҫ¥Ρ
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ʬı滹һʬȻãǼʬ壬˼Ǳһ
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260 ʯҾˮ

ţ˼ƿ˶¥һ䣬ٶݵ÷׵ʬ߻ųԷơ
ЩĴ񣬹ƳԷʱ򻹲֪ˮ٣ȵֵʱѾˡ
ԣеĴǳֳ˾ֵɫ
󣬳˼뺮ε¥ƿ䣬һĻʵ˼ŵǻɢ
ֻʬǵĶƤţΪģĳҧĺۼ
Ϊ˹۲ĸһЩ˼ҪǰΡ
һߵĺҲͷƤһ飬Ǹ⣬һ˶ŵû£û¶һأ
Σֻøϡ
˼һʬǴʬĶ˴ѡ
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˼Ĭ˼䰢ӷϣЩĴ±ӶͶ̥
֮󣬳˼źȥһϰС
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һ飬˼ԭЩʬˮʱ
˼ҪˮʱãҪЩĴſ𣿡
ãһƴḶ́ҪٶһӰˮ̵˵ĽҵĽǣ򵺳ˮͶʯҡϼٿբˮһˮеϸܱʯɱٿբЩʬҲᱻ򵺳ǣʣµģȻԾ
˼뺮ȻͬЩֻǾ˵ĺе֧
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վʼŴԼΪе̿
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֪˶ãڳ˼˯ʱ򣬺Ŵһ³˼Ľš
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뺮ˮͷ˺ܾãķ˲ҪǲԵ㶫˯һҹ˯ȡ
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¥ס޵ĵط˼극ȥЪˡ
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˼һ£ٽϡ
ĺһûӰˣ˼һɵӣЦ:أɵӡ
֪ǶֻǱǸߵһͰѴ򿪣
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261 ֻһ


˼ôƿžͳȥˡ
æ·׷ų˼һͲƵġ
үҲһ磬˿ˮԶ˼ʱүǱų˼ģʶĳ˼Ѿߡ
ҪĲأҪˣͰˮ
Ҫǰ߽ȥҾˡ
˼ߣ뵽˽үȻôĲ
үʶб䣬æתһǸε̬ԭǻɩе¡
ֹɩҲˣƢøĸˣҪȻ򵺳˭㡣 
˵˵žͿʼѵү
˼һº°ڣܾô˲ãôţﶼ˼үĵ̣ԡסأ˵ˣ˼ҵү꣬Ҫûһˮ׼񲻳˲г˭ȥ
ڣүһŷɥ˦Դ
ʱ죬үͻȻߺĻɩ廹ڹ帽֪ɩµķ֣
ĿǰѾĳʬǵ򵺳ˮԴʵĸԭһˮԴ֮ڱɾͬʱƳҩ򵺳ǵÿһλնܷδȻϾôˮҲһ
ãǽͻɩˣҪʲôҪģܿڡ
үĵĽѹ˵һƤͣԭкҪ
ϵʱ˻صүĸۡ
˼ҹʼ磬ΪԸʳ̻
˼ʳôˡ
ʳȥʬˮеˮԼϸģԣ˵Ѿɹһ롣
ֱڶ磬˼ڴӷ˳ʱֱ߻һСк
Ǹ˵ӣ˼ԼĶӻ˹æǰų˼ͷ¹
һѽ
ⶼӦġ
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ʮ֮ܳѰ˼ѩˮ϶ҲɾΪһζ
ȷѩˮкдĻҳԺȵʱһϢʮ֮󣬱ȾˮԴܳ׵õʱǾܵĴ󵨵ˣΪ˽룬ǺȿˮȽϺá
˼ĵĽš
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ܸܲʲôȾˮԴ𣿡
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ŵһ԰ס
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һǿ룬֮󣬰Ҳġ
ڵʱ򣬳˼ү׼һʯҲ׼ˣͶʯҵʯң˼үһ⡣
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ү϶ɵ㲻ˮ򵺳ǵİ˵ˮĻ
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ͬʱʯҲ򵺳ǵˮҲΪˮˮߣʹĶ춼ůࡣ
ʯˮ죬û¶Ⱥ󣬳˼һ£λբŵļѸٴբţ׻ˮк¡
˼ڴӿվʱʱ̫̫ණ
ȥ㡢бʯյֻʣ¹Ǽܵź
ûȥˡ
ãϢߵ˳˼󣬽һô˳˼ϡ
˼عɺŻص
˿̣ڣү֣صĽеĻ˳˼Ǻ
˼ʮֲ죬үһ䡰ֻŻɩһˡ
㡭
û뵽ү£ԽͷԽߡ
ǳ˼ͷůůģһס˵һ
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262 ȥ³

˻ܱûлǿֻһ鲻
˼˻ֻͷһûأǸ˺
ү˵ֻһʽԺ˵ȴǶ衣
ȻԼҵû˵ʲôûе˼ҵĲ硣
ļ˼һηƬ˸ˮˮʣˮѾָһҲǷ
֮үĶ˼һϸµļһ壬ֲ޴󰭺뺮˾뿪һս뷨
ʣµıүԼˡ
ǰλүܲöԸǶԭڣ⿤ɹĹƺԴʵ൱ֲġ
˼ѡһ糿ү
ߵʱ򵺳ǵİȫСˮϳų˼źǻӭ򵺳档
ǵһ˸߹һˣүеʼˡ
λʱҲûǶжôҽĳ˼˰ӵصĶ
ʵҲսʤĲƶǲħһ˲ҲᣬҪûкõоΣҲȻɼ˼ڰĿеĵλ
߳˼Ҫϴʹү֣ȥ˼ĳȹ˵ʲôʱ򻹻ѽ
ѽԺסڵ۶ȥңȥ˺óԺúȵĹţ
𣿵ʱҪööɿˮǻţɡŻС
ָͷյų˼Ʒ֣˼һء
󣬾ͼ˼һӣǰһСɽһɽŴС졣
үҲڳ˼ֶΣɩһܡ
ȻǸ˳ԵǶСһץԼ°ϰ
˼ЦģҲҪȰ㣬ǹÿԼžˣԶ˶á
Ȼýȥ˼ĻΣ˼ֻгүͶȥϣĿ⡣
үҲһЦɩģϼҿܵġ
˼˵ͷҪߣȴŤͷѵһЩû꣬ȫٵĪҪٳˣⶫҲһıڣ˷岻á
ˣɩߡ
ү˹˹֣Ǹ
˼ϴ󣬲ʱĳү֡
ŷӦʲôʱ򻹻ˡ
һ꣬ʹȥ۶Сסһʱ䣬ʱ쿴ˣֻˡ
Ŷ̫ˣԺҾԺóԵˡ
ĵС֡
үȴһƬ˼УǸʱĻɩӦܻص۶ɣ
ǰ;գǲ֪ܲܿȥ
ʵԭЩү˵׶ԼˣССһնһ˳ɹ˵һ㣬ҪѪĴۿƽ
ɹ˺ԴһʮֿµĶ
˿̣˼ѾССˮ֮ϣ֮ǵĻ
÷ˣɴӽԼĶס
˼״æһѺ˵ģӦΪҸе
֪ˣġ
˵űﲻһĻ˼Ҳܺܵ
ʱŮλǲһģԽǿķͻһֱĸоԣ֮߳Ļһֱںлơ
ԺһˣԼķôǸүôཫʿȫ˷ͷǺָηأ
ǼȻǷޣӦ໥֣һ˶ռͷ
˼Ҳ˵ˣǾؿˮ档
Ƭ֮󣬺ǿ˿ڡ̰ˣֻ̫㣬Ҷȥ
˼⻰ͷһůתЦĿ˵ҵˣһȥ
㰡ʲôʱƤôˡ
ر𲻰˼˵ڼʮ󣬵߲ʱԳƺֵ׳꣬Լӽܸоﲻ̫Ծ
˼ҲʶԼĻЩǷףǲ˻⣬̸ү
үǸʲôˣסﰡ
ᵽүɵ
ס˼СһһٵһҲΣյһס³ǣ˳λԭʼɭָءѹڣ뿪ԭ߾Ͱռĵ̣ȨǮƶϴĴˡ
ŶжΣգ
˼£˵үӦ뵱޼ٻܻȥ
-

263 ӿ

ô㽲ԭʼɭֶޣߵĿ֮ǣСѱҰޣһϻţÿֻϻףսȻЩǱɽһǣԭʼɭֶ屦ͬʱҲΣأ˵׼иĶʹš
˵꣬˼ҲһļƤ
ִԭʼɭָһΣգΪĶֲеΣգеһôĶ֪
ƫƫүһλѱרҵۿϷűݵĹڣϲ˵ѱʦʲô𣬹룬˼С඼᲻ϼ¡
û취ǰ·ҪֱǰΨǲϰ
صӪأ˼֪үѾˣѾص˺ǣʱţֻǺ٣īʹ͸ˡ
֪ƽصǺ󣬳˼һĹƽ
СùãҸˡ
˼ϴһͿѾվԼ
᪣۾ˣ
غҵ۾ܺãǲ֪ʲôʱ
ȶŰɣ򵺳Ǿڻӣȵ³ǣ۾ˡ
˼ĻǺ޸ݣ̫᪵۾е಻ʣҪӦǡ
ӽ¶ȣԭʼɭֵļʮȵӣܺȣȴǶ᪵۾кô
ˣСߣ˼ʵ𣿡
СùˣǰˣڶҲˣ
·죬СȫĵЦݡ
˼֪϶ڵЩϸ죬ȻǸʮĳԻûˡ
ȻȥȻС͹ȥ
ллСùá
Ӧʵĳ·һҲͣ᪱뿪
˸ߣʹ˽
˼ɻ˭ˣ
ֶȶԱá
˻һ˼ֻоԼ԰СҲͰˣƫƫʮķҪǰװɵȣʵ̫ˡ
˵ɣʲô
Ա㡢ţŻȵƣǺϻӷųĻ棬Ҷ롭
˼ַͷһʱúȥҩռ䲢ѵʱ֪ôһطֱһ
Сôô໰һѾͷǿ˭һѽ,ʾе⡣
ǣ˼ʹźҩռ䣬һ춼ûг
ӪפĽʿ۴£ī˿վȥСңǴ˼顣
С䣬˵ˣô˿ҲͰˣķ˴أڡ
ףīҲ̫ˣкܶʳģһԷģʲôʲô¡ҪǴ죬ô룬֪ɵһ
СʵҲ׼ԼҺôһȴ֪Լ
棬ľһһ
С䣬ѾͷҿɻˣҲСˣǲ֪пӪеλӣҰýΣ
īаЦ
С䳯īݺݵĵɹȥһȺç⣬СҪôһصĲӣҪôޣ˵ȴϼѽ
Ϻǣ㻹ͦţǾףԸ㵱һϹźˡ
˵꣬īŵһĨͣ˱֮ˡ
СˣīṦߣֻһͨѾҲš
ǲ
ҳС䷢֮ʣССǰһΡ
С͵ؾѣ˵е£˼ڲǾʦˣǵ࣬ῴСѾߡ
ֻҪŬΪԺǸүҲҪĿ࿴
ҵĻСͷһ
˵ŵҪԶڳ˼ߣǿ˼ҳ˫ɶԣ͸ɵһţʱһҲ
Ͼ˼Ҳ˵ЩŻȻԶ뿪һ˼ˣһļͥҪԸڳ˼ߣҲǿԵġ
ֻ֮ǰĳ˿ڣȵ뿪ڵʱ˼Ѿ˳ϵһƷԱ
ҵúúøѧϰҽˣǽòԼҪԵҲҪµĲӷӿ
С߬ȭͷĬĬ˵
Сļ򣬱ʾ֧С䡣
ͬʱҲڻ룬ĳһ죬Ǹϰ̧ܽεȢؼҡ
ڸźƵĳ·磬ʵʵĴһ硣
û뵽СùûһƿԼһֱȵĺƣǷֻ磬õʱ滺
-

264 һдӼ

ǲҰ
·Լ̵˧Цһ᪡
Ҳ⣬ȴ·ĲһΪ·ѰС飬᪵һ뷨ǡ˭㰡ȦӪصҰ˰ɣ
ȥġ
·һЦȥ᪵ʱ򣬽һֱԵڵأȻͺ˯
᪵ĶҪһЩѵڵʱ򻹱һ˿ѣ·ŵ˴ϣԼԱһᣬҲ˯˹ȥ
磬ʼУ׼ǰүķ³ǡ
ںĶоٶȻϼ֣ʱ·ԼˮʿǲòͣȺһѵоһȥ˷ʱ䡣
ƺƵĶĸ£ڵĸµİʱ֣нʿԭӪſԼ֪ȥ
ΨЩ˼׽֪ǳ˼ʮա
С䣬֪Сùȥ𣿡
·պҪʳ˼ҪϺȣھ³ֻвʮ·ľ룬˭ô˵ؾǿ͡
֪ҪˣȥҵȪˮȡ
Сû˵
֪ȥ˭Ҳ˵˵ǻ˵ġ
·ûСֵãͷһתͳԼȥڵһȣСùܻġ
ʱ˿̣һƬïܵԭʼɭУһſһһϸСĿš
˼ƳһԼ׵Сݣɵó˳ǡ
ʵòô鷳ġ
ⲻ鷳Ǳ̬ȡ
һҪһľ֦СݽãЩֻΪԼʮ֮Լ
˼һټֻ֣ñ죬ֽŵĿ𴦡
Ҳ֪ϵϲȵǷ֪ǵĺ£Ȼ֦ͷ֨֨Ų뿪
΢΢һ٣Ťͷ˼վĵطͷмԳ˫ɶԵϲȵлã˵Ӧĳ棬úãһܻϺӡ
ŮöŮкһ͹ˡ
ţֹȥ˼ʱʱСǴˡ
ΪľݿÿԱ˺ɴСװһ
ҹףֵĳĵ˼˼ƻҲɵĽš
칫һڵ·Ҳ̫Сеˡ
糿˼һ磬ּժһҰϪˮ߼򵥵ϴԡһŴҰصСݡ
ѾˣЦſԼõһ̥϶ǸŮ
ˣôͻϵġ
˼һۺִ鶼ģ˵ʮҪˡ
ֻŴϵʮʵףȥ»ᱻ˲ݵġ
ȻΪʼҿ֦ɢҶö˵ҲȫȻǻ¡
ңԼĺӣǵҲԽԽŨ
һ̥ûϣеǻᡣ
ͻȻʼ˼
˼һȣһĨ˲ɢա˵ˣǿȥĽʿǵġ
˼żһ˳˼
󣬺˼ͺ֪ʱķһ̧̧ǰ㣬˾ͷٿ񱼶ȥ
صӪأСæΪ˱ϲˮ
˼СЦݡС䣬ðҸˡ
ˣСϲڵ۶
һ߽ı䲻Ĳһ죬ǵСˡ
Ϲ˵ʲô˵˺졣
С̣׷űҾͿʱЦʱУ˼εҡͷСǡ
ȵȣ˵Сϲڵ۶ѵ
ѽԭô¡
ֻҲϲС䣬ȻС¾ҪΪˡ
ʲôأ㿪ġ
һˮֻˬ
˼ҲڣС¶˵˺
۾һУǻȥ۶ʥΪǴͻ飬СฮŮݳޣҲܾġ
Ը⡣
ԸҲԸ⣬Сѧҽǽ϶Ҳλ˲ܵô˽ޣǼĸ֣˵һԡ

Сʵֹͣ˴ԣ׼ʾԼҺϳԵʲôʱͻȻ˵ĶԻ
ЩСжֱᡣ
û뵽ƽޱȵĺҲһˣ¶ûнҲ֪ˡ
һС䣬ȴǱСס͡𳳳ȥǶ˵緹
С˵ʲôҲҽȥʻˣʵеƲסԼֻһдӼˡ
-

265 СǼ

˵ҲˣԴԭ࣬סฮĸĸҲڲȫҰ˵۶
ҲҪֳǵķչãټǵĶȳϢҲʱ帣ˡ
ôԼְλأ
ȡ̶ְ֥λҲգߺˣã˼£˵׼ζڸлأ
츸ʵˣҲˡ
ĸ츸һȰο˵ˣ帣ɣ
ۼֻĬĬܡ
̫ԼĸĸԼסһ׻˵ĺã¹ѻûڵ۶վȽŸԼĵﵹˣҪǸ֪֪ô˵أ
Ȼʵ²ܸ࣬оóϵһִʵ϶ĬĬּ֧ʵ£ָλ
Ƽʵ£ֻһé®СӣѫҲҪ˵ܵ࣬϶뺮ԼйϵҪûˣֻһƧ̱ӡ
ԺܶʱǿջЦԴԼϲҪЦϲҲҪЦܾԽߣԽǵעԼоֹɣ
˼һҹͨˣ˱ˮڡ
䣬ĸ츸һ磬ѵóԼĸķˣʡʲôӣôóԵģ
һ⣬ҪԣĸٺһЦüײһ츸
츸˿ȣıùҪˣҪúô˼ҡ
ʲô
Һûг㣬ɫ𽥿ʼ
츸һ˵ޣ־ͨ黭Ӱ
ž
츸ĸΪῪĵĽɣû뵽𣬾Ͳˡ
ҾǸĸôΪأҵİ¿κˣԲǱáѵǶˣҼԲ𷹣·ȥұѣҵһͰˮǳԣ˵ĹȥһôǵģǶ𣿡
ᡣ
ĸʼݣ츸ȴЩִֵǶǿӵģ鲼ԭǮƣԭǰʮҵİǰ;ԿƽƵЧ
ҷˣǵ̵࣬Ǻ뺮ֵǮҲʩһͷҵ࣬Ů޸ˡ㲻ܿЦǻǵĶӣͲҪΪҵ
㡭
츸˵ЩʲôѾϯ㴩ϳȥ糯ˡ
ĸæס츸˵࣬һƷԱţǸҲˣԼ뷨ȻϲãҲӲһϡ
㶮ʲôǵĶӲŵ಻ãҪǮȹԼڳϵĵλǣ㲻ãһëΣֻҲá
츸ŷḻľ飬׳ϵЩӡ
ĸ٣еƽֿʼ츸б
ô
𵱸С檰ɣ޵λӾԼϲˡ
ĸ츸ֻⷬ츸ˡ
츸Ȼޱ˵СòҲԸ⣬ǵĶӸ̫ǳһŻҲõġ
߾ǱҲ糯
ֻؼңȥң໹Ǻϲ˵ġ
ȥ಻ϣ໻ˣһϤˣʵ̫θˡ
´ˣʵ¶ѾˣΪЩûʵĴ󳼻֧
ͲˣʵֻϺ꣬ڳ򾣬һ컹Ҫɽģٵǲܵˡ
ʮ˽ʵµΪˣ¶Է޷κвҲһи
ϸϸһ룬Լ嶯ˣĵΪã׼࣬صԼļҡ
룬ովʹԼĻһС
Ϸսķɸ봫飬Ǻдġ
ų˼ȻСҪͷæýˡ
ʵ֮˹¶ҲԼĴ㡣
ͨС춨ԼĹϵŻ磬Ϊ϶࣬ԸõѣҲҪΪУԣֻˡ

ס
תǫĿ´˿ɻ£
ȷһ¡
ٺһЦ漴еת
ֺһ˲Ĵ⡭ĺ𣿾Сҡ
˭˵ģСͬҵĸŮĻ˵㡣
һ֣־Լĸĸ
-

266 ֮

ĸĸӦϣҲ˾Ҫ뷨Ϊѡϲġ
ͬˣ֮ȴص뿪ฮ
صԼļң֪ĸĸҪıС檵ʱǱģĪ˵С檣ǼеѾϣ֮ǼŮ˾ͷ˭Ůأ
ȻıþͿҪ۶ˣС仹Ϸս֮ϣһľǾܵĴ⣬ˣǣҪʲôֵ飬Ī˺ˡ
ÿ糯ԼĸĸҲмӣް϶
ʱͬ׾Թ϶һ㣬˵ָȻߣһ糯̤ԼļţͿһŷɫȹӵŮһϴ
һϲЦտӣȻǶǿá
һƵĴ߹
ĸҲ˵ֶŮѽôӣ㣬ڱϾǳ֮ϵࡣ
ֶŮѽǾס۵ģűһϲҵġ
üһͲʹݵʯȹ¡
ûȥãֱӽ鷿
һ飬дë֣鷿Ÿ˴һ¡
ë˵˭ѽҲ˵һҽ鷿ͲҪ𣿡
ֻֽͨһǵɫٻӰ֪ı֮ô˵ҲǹΪ֮
磬ǲǲϲѽ
ָ̧Ѿ˿ǻ
üëһš溰ɣ
ͬʱѾʼдˣҲǲ֪дʲôۿԼıˣ촽̣۵׾ǳ֮ɫ
ȥǿûдĥʯéӵʯͷƽƣȴƤĴǰûƤûһŮˡ
дʲôأҲ֣ҪǱ粻պֻܿҪдʲôģÿȫȨ͡
ž
ϵëصһģѾдˣֻڳԵ̬ǰһģһ
һתҪȴŭûĴ󣬹֮һϲ̨Ů֪֪ģ
磬˵ϲ̨棬ǲǶʲôⰡҵ׵ܵܡҵԭָĸΪŮô˵ϲ̨أ
һ˵̬뽫ԼҵĲ֪Ѷˡ
Ȼǵ͹ȥںߣϡŹֵĶǮƣΪ֮һ˱ȺǮǡ뺮ϵȱǮˣſڣֱͳӽ
ǡǡȱǮǵ࣬Լٺ»ЩǮԹȹͷѾˣȥÿ»²ǮǮܶˣһ£֧Լ
Ǹ֮ˣǰֻӶ
˵棬㣬˽㰲ȫͻؼңӴҶ
ĻѾĺˣϵȴش
磬ȥҼҶԲס㣬ôڵ࣬ȣ㶼Ҫޱ֮ˡȻ¶˾ҪǶȥ߼Ҹͷˡ
ֻд˶̶һ仰ǡԸȻһҲȢܻؼҡ
ܻһֽ󸡱һЩԱңϲ󸣬Ԣأвƽ
֪ŧĽ󸣬ѱڵϼ̤̣߰Ҳ̲˶Էŵ̬ȡ
˺һ飬ҪתȥʱȻͣ˲ӣĵתͷЦ磬֪ǰǫ̂ܿ壬Ҳܿ壬Ϊϣû˭иɻġ
˵գͷҲص߳鷿
һһ޵Ԩ⻰˼Ӱ˼⣬ٵȻġ
ߣ뺦ңҵҪǵʲôֶΣ
ԹԵֹһ
漴鷿ٴθƿ츸ĸ
ĸһߵôǸŮɾҲҲˡ
츸ҲŰǻһҪҵ£ҾͰͻֳǣ˵㣬߾޷ͬסһ£ڵ۶͸ⰲһԺסΣ
㡭
츸˵ӵģȴ츸ǰ˵࣬ⲻ֣֮ȷҪ𣿡
-

267 ¾Ʋ

ǿˣԼĵûǮûƵʱʵͽһƣպĻ˵ͻͣһ͵һ̶Ⱦͻᱬըȡ
Լ룬Լ뷨Ȼ죬ҲܽջƵС
츸ӽΪңĸ֪Ѷˣڴ˼ԺȰ˵ĪҪͻֳǣ۶Ľȥֳֻǲϰˡ£Ժ󲻹ˡ
ĸ̬ȼã츸ȴûѰһԺӣȥסɣ㲻뿴ǣҲ뿴㡣
á
һļϣסʵ뷨
Ϊĵسһпܳһ
ϲˣҲѡѡȨΪʲôҪΥɼأ
ﲻԼסһ𣬲ԼûТģԺ³ˣȥ밲ȻٻظյĽһġ
գͨЭڵ۶һԺԼĵ츸ĸͰ˽ȥ
ԺฮҪɵʱһЦָо͸һ
ҲÿУԼϲ£ϲԼϲˡ
Ȼ֪ǣһıڰʩУںǻص۶ʱ򣬵۶ԭ췭ظı仯꼰ԭյĳԷϡ
ʱ˿̣Ȼ³ʮ֮ԭʼɭУĽʿѾפʮ졣
ԭʼɭֶľǴš
Ҹݰĵ֪³ǵĽʿǶǲ׵ģ˳㡢ͷ𡢲ǿ׳Ծ
ܽԭʼɭеľΣȻͨƵ˵Ĳ䶾롣
⻹ǴҪģڿ³ǵĵطأֻҪκη紵ݶͻᱻɴ⬡
ЩɿϢǰ³ǵó·Юһλ³ǵİգһЩв󣬲ŵóϢ
֪֪սڹ֪³ǵһЩֶΣܲ̾Ͳ̣ԭ
ΪҪԸɹǲǸɥӦöԸĹȡ
緹ǻ⼸ʳϰ˯ĳ˼
һҪæ
˵ҸպҲҪ㡣
˼һ죬˫ֲץ˱
£
ҳ˼æ¹شԼ˶Ҳһɫ
˼ϰߵϲˡ
ġ
ڵһվ˷ܵĿų˼
˼ͷ㡰Ѿһˣȷһ̥Ǹӡ
𣿿ɱҪһŮ
ʧ䡣
˼ʱ۾㻹ǸˣҵŻһ̥Ůø˼õɱˣһ̥Ǹӣ㵹ǲˣ˵ɣ㵽ô
ѽŮ϶һƱػΪӾֻܵСүȳԻˣʱ̫ƽ˵ѧĿԶѽ
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һЦŮһԺŮ㸺ۣҾ͸˶͸Ҿ͸ۣΣ
ãɲºִδŮŮ򣬶ӵĻ򡣡
ӣų˼ֲɿ
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תֻýԼ뷨˵˼
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ŮҲǴų㣬ֻ·̣ܶеִ̨赸ŮԱ赸ȿ㣬ǻС黨ͷֱκη١
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·˼Ĳ봩Ϊûдʼߵ·
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268 ״

ǻôжҰ³ǵϰףУ˲¡Ҫ㡢ͷǲбŮ˶࿴һۣҾҪڵ˵ӣ
˼ЩһЦǰˡ
˭ӶУڱľͳɡ
٩ų˼
˼ûٴȥ³ǰմ·
ɳȥʮʱֱһװŮװ
ֻ·ŨĺζϸϸһŻЩ
˼ӹ·һصͽ·ӽҩռϴ»Уһϴ˦ɺ󣬳˼·óŵɹ
˿̺һڳ˼ɹ·ĵطһ߱Ŀ˼ǣһߴſĿ˵·ϴôɾʱ򷴶עĿ
֪·ǰһסڳ˼ͥģ˼׼˵·࣬ǲϴһϴôȥǺġ
˼ڵҽʱһʮȤֿɱİУ˵ǣһķģϲŮ˸·
ŴŷĳָΣļԭ챣ķĸ첲˵ˣŮԷʱСĳ˺ʣƤ󣬽󱳸ץ˼Ѫۣʶ·Ūˡ
ķһõŮ˲Ҫ·ʹϣȴ֪ڴ·ĹУ첲ϵ˿ڵŮ˴Ѫ·ĳһ챣ķͲ˼һ޷ļ
˵ֻһУҲû׷ʵԣͨУ˼ȴһǾǱ˸·Ҫ״ΪеĲͨѪҺġ
ɣеˣ˯
ѵ֮죬ܿ˯⡣
˼ɹ·ҲûнѺ˼˯ţΪǻҪǡ
˼߻һҲϢһ
һ˼ֱ˯ϣǺ
óˡ
˼ǿһҰԭʼɭвҰľģҰ棬ľã̰ɫҰе׺ʵθڴ󿪡
˼һڣ̲ס̾úȡ
ȻΪɸĻͷѧ˺þأ
ϸֳ˽ɫ
˼Ȼѽ
վظ̬Ѿ˵һС
˼ȴ̫ģʡԽԽţ˼ɤӵֲôе嵭
嵭˺ãǷǳʱڣŴ󽴡
ǣ˵һƬһЩ̥Ļ
˼ֻеһ֮ӿͷһԼķأԷ˵Զԡ
꼦󣬳˼ֳӣһǽˡ
ֹ˼ʱҵīȻʱĴνīգīϲͬʱҲʼ˼İΣ
ǿҪСˣÿһζܲһһһǣ
ȻǾȥʲôҪⲻ˿սǵĽʿҲǲġ
̵ī˵Լ뷨īǹˡ
ֶ֪νǣ飬ֻҪڽʿɣΪ¸ʿ֪ˣҾġ
һ£ǵľ֧ˣǻڳ
ֺī޷ܵģԲؼʱ̣ȥӦźá
ţ˼źҩռһͨһʱѾ³ǵĳ⡣
ȥֻһ¸ƵĻγǽǵǰ³֮Խ³ǣΪǳضǽΧţǽ״ֳһ״³һ˵
λã³ǵڴ
һȸʮף׵Ĺδţ·Լվ³ǵĽʿ
ô߽ȥȻʵаٷ֮ʮĿܻ⵽ЩʿĻɡ
˼ٶ߬˺һٴʱȻ³ǵڲ
˵Ź⻬ʯذ壬Ҳ״һĶܣмλûһԲεȪʱʱˮ
͡׵Ļó˼ãһǴź³һڹ㳡ĵط
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Сҹģ˶˯ˣǻϻƣ
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ǳ˼һֱùֵֹģҲ֪
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˼һȦܣֻİ֮У˵صϰĻǳԶԭĻž޴Ĳ졣
ô˼ĵһоǵԭʼᡣ
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269 

Ȼ˿̵³ֵʢģǴŵĳ˼³ǵҹܵЩ䡣
˴ӹ㳡ҲСǰߣתߵһĽֵ
ڽֵвӣѾˡ
һڳ˼׼źҩռЪϢʱһյĵ˳˼ע⡣
ǰԶһյں滹ëдſջջңһǵҡ
ҿ湻ԵѽҺ˵˭֪Ǹջأҿջдڵһ棬һͺпڵסߡ
Ȼ߽ջҲˡ
˼ˣҪźҩռ䣬һٶš
ܿ죬ű˴򿪣ǸϴһëĵС
Сأͷϴżɫһļ⣬ϳֲȻֻһСֵľǷŵʮһҲܳɸǳģʲôġ
ǳ˼öԷˣЩĳ˳˼ĸ첲
˼ӦǳŵС˵һͷ
˰ɣ
СŤ˶¥˼뺮š
˼֪λش˼һתЦˣԭˡ
ǰֻǺƱˣҶкüûлȥ۶ҵĵˡ
С֮дЩˡ
˼۾Сĵסڵ۶Ϊ֮³ǵС˵Ϊ룬ɲš
˼ʱͣ˽Ų뺮һĿŵСıӰ
Сƿһ䷿Ҫʳ˼뺮ⷿεʱȴǿѾվ˾׿Ļ֮ϡ
Сǻ飬˲ôһˡ
ҿջϰ壬֮˴ջΪ³ǵĻҼȲǽҲӣèʯèʯһżֵһƽ𣬰һһٿèʯ룬Ҿ͵ͬ׬һƽԴ͵ĵ۶ԭطջʮ׬һƽ𡣡
ɵСϰó˼ޱȣ˼³ַ֮ŵΪ˼ҲǮڽŷ涼ʮֵԡ
ģèʯҲ̫ݳˡ
ƺҲô˽⣬ǻһ飬ֳ˳˼ȻյĶԣǿûʲôèʯǿ߰ɣʡôݾߡ
˼֣װһµӣóźɫèʯ
èʯڵҽʱ򣬴ӹսϴģսϾս꼰޹ӣӵĸĸΪ˸лŵزèʯ
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ϰȥһֽۣһ˻˳˼ֻһš
λݿ϶ָƷʵèʯǰɹƷģֻڲҪȻƷʵèʯȴеĸ߹èʯһܵãֻնλһš
˵գϰͳһơ
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ҽ󸻣Ҵ󸻾ͳɡ
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һȻų˼ͽ˷䡣
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ˣ롣
˼һ¡
ɲӣԷᡢȻûãһɲѰϢ
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󸻵Ļȴó˼뺮˾֮ġ
ҹͶһʲôè塣
ɣ
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󸻺һЦɫˮƵˮֱӳζãƵĻζƫһЩը죬ϣϣǵصһζ
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лˣʱˣҲطЪŰɣ
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270 

˼Ҫȥըϵʱ򣬺̿ƤĶ˿
ԣһԻ˶ô죿
޷Ӫḻҳá
˼¶Է¶߶ж ΪûôһģȺԼĿˡ
ҹͶΪҹͷģԣҲܹ˼ң˼ÿͣǳ˼ҵ⣬ǳԣһ־
ʵڵĳ˼壬ΣֻҪץһϷŽԼºȷû²ó˼ԡ
˼һСŽģе΢оǳԼĵǹζˡ
ţ
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磬ͥУ˼˯ɹ𴲣ȻһζӴƮ˽
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ֺۣţһֳֻԼĿתĿ
ʲôʱѵģ
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Բҿˡ
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뵽˼־ȥڵģҧ㣬ˣҪ۸ң϶㡣
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󣬳˼ֻУʣȫ˺
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Сʲֵġ
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ãǵ˵塣
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271 ιϻ

δȳ˼뺮ĲϽԱ˼һѳ
˼ɲΪԼûܵ˼
žžž
һнĹƴűһǹµ˴Ⱥ˳
˲ͬǣʢװԭطĴһҲܽг˼ܵġ
ɩǺˣҹ³Ϊβͷأ
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˼ʵʵ˵ۼүԼҲ˼꣬ͬһҲûйͬԡ
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үһЦĻó˼
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ó˼ȵǣǵĴүһҲ˵һ磬ǽ˸ˣˡ
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Ǻֶѽ˼ͷ̲ס̾
ȴʱʱų˼ķ۾żգͼ£˼˵׼ܣҪ
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˼ۻĿɵռǲСܵװҲǱȺܶүҪɡ
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߽үǼں˼ϵĳҲûз¡
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үĻó˼˳˼ʲôƼˣⲻѧ
ȴһȻָүȵ󸻣Ǹջϰ塣

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үȡϵƤߣתһ˧Ȼͬ
һֱ󸻲ţĳ룬үװ粢
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ܼ򵥣һǰ֪³оҲһǰһڣ˲ڳ߶߲ԭһɸɱۡһһֱϸҪԼ˱³ǣɢסޣ˵ô˻أ
ү̵˵ԵɣδԼΪʲôǼҿջ
˼ҲʣΪ˵ǵùһ֡
ܿ죬Ѿ߶ˮүԸѾ߸˼ιˮ˽ǽͷŤһߣʾȡ
үЦˮǲζҲԷѽǺãͶ죬ٰιϻš
ңԭ磬ɱ˱ú³ǲҪĳˣ
ŭĿԲ˼⻰ҲǺ޵Ϊ֮ǰոôǳأϱĿǰԭѾȫܳɹˣֺξСС³ǡ
ĻһõģүĬ˰εǿЦѣ𼤶
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УЩ˲лڱϵĺá
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˼һƬֻǰ˳˳ˮˣڵߵһʯͷ
ܿ죬Ժб죬˼Ŀб棬һľ󶼲Ը
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272 ǸԻϻ

Ƭ̣ԺѾ̧һӣ֮⻹һɫĻڵš
ֻʱʱĳֽײ
塢ɩֵǱˡ
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˼Ѿܸܵе궯ֵ̿Ŀүôʲôô
ʲôôҲҪֻҪϻܳԱͳɡ
ү˵ǽһƵ˼ˣֲǹϷţǽŽϻǶ˷ŽʲôʮͷϻͷӶʣ°ɣ
˼ûϸо¹
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Сһ򿪣һϻ̽˳κֻ̽һԴĲҲҲϻܳô
Ϊó˼뺮лùһ⣬Ȼ̽ʹһӣϻתȥ⣬Ÿ˼ͺһ϶
˼һеϻȴһʣó˼һֹ㺡
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Ȼеľȴó˼ʧֻֻһֻϻϻڳԻӸ⡣
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˼һȴǺ˳˹ϻѾˣ˼ܵĴһѺվĺһŭȣߣһͷֻҪβҪҡ
үСһֻϻûǲܹĻɩԼĻɩЦ
ѡĻÿ
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ϻһ漴һ˫̹۾үүһݺݵĵϻûĵģǱһֻĸӾȺо˳ѳΪ˾Ĺ֮ͣڷǷˣбߡ
˼һתȥϻԴǲǻؼԭʼɭ
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̫Сҵϻ
ʡɩе㲻װɣһϻ˵˱ô죿
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ү˼ĺۡ
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273 Ź

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ĿǰԺнʣҲֻг˼үԼֻҪ˯ŵϻ
үش𣬺ǿ˿ڡ
֪Ϊһ书Ҫ㹻ǿŵʩչ书˵ԵӹһЩԴһЩ͵Ұޣȴܹﵽߵá
ԭˡ
˼˵ͷһȻӡ
үܱ𿪣үһ͵Ǯı顰壬ôһҲֶˡ
޷ʲôģ֪ˣֶҪҪν
һ˵̬ȣһϯүջ
ó˼ˡʲô
ڷŭ֮еүĻ˵ȥǼ̧
ү⡭
ĥ䣬ŲűҲȥ
Сȥ
ͼ˴Ź˼۾үıԣ޷
ܿ죬ײڼ׵ϵ˱һһ̧СԺ
ʱСԺĿǲ
ó
˼ʶסӡ
үԺеĻûʲôо˼Ҳ˵һֳе񷢽Ķӣеڵµĸʬ
ɩ֪ΰٲԭΪֹУһβκˣǾķʽⳡδս
үĻó˼̲ס͵Цһ³ǣȻ϶˲ơ
Ҳͬ㳯ų˼߹һִֻļϡ
ɣ
š
˼һҽÿָ״ú󣬽һϵİײ
ײ֮£һĿǽӣȻڻţϳ˵ĺɫѾó˼޷ƾ۹ۣһˡ
״һġ
˼ִһ롢һһƬ
үǶԳ˼ЩСû̫ģר־Ŀų˼Щ϶ֽš
ֻ˼һžдѪҺŧӶɢ
䣬һŧƬ棬ֿٸһ㶾Ƥ㵽ƬϣЩ˼Ťͷ
ǳү˵óûϵĲԭʷֲ֢ɷһ԰ԼصĻ
ˣĻɩȥķ䡣
үû뿪ǷԸżεѾߴ·
ҲûиȥүһվԺ
˼ߺ󣬺ΧڵϵһȦߵһ˵ʱǹ۲һ˵Ľš
˵Ľϣһ˫ѥЬ֮ϻһɫ˲ɵɡ
ָ׹һһĻүƼΪԼĻʲôصá
һʵʱ򣬻ǺմȾָ׷ڱһ
壬б۾ţ
ֶҲǣúõүҪѧɽء
Ļүŵ˵ܣûƬ̾ͱԼĻ忴ˡ
ô֪ģ
ܼ򵥣Щ˵Ь׾кɫȻ˵ص֣ȴǳֳȻơɫ󣬶ԷѪҺһҲӦǺģǾǧѪҺͱˣʶҲ˺ɫ￴ɫֻ뵽һ
ʵȻ˱Ҳˣڴ˵طŹıأȥ̽;е˴˲ĿǰֻκǣŸһ
-

274 ɾ

ԭˣĬʵȴһƬȻ
Źǧ֮ǰ˵ͣŹ䣬Ƕʯ֮¡
ǧ֪жŹˣ̽ѰŹıأÿһ޼գȴǲ룬Źߵĵ̣̤Ьٴȫѹѽ
˼ţŹôĲƱҪõһУʲƸܹʹԭá
ʱҩռĳ˼ȴüͷڲƬϵĲԭϷ˷ǳϵȻʲôĽɫҪԸֶʵſɡ
ΨһľǣȥүЩ¶ȥ
һ󣬳˼뿪ҩռ䡣
үѾ緹ãһϵĲȣ˼ѡȳԷ˵¶
緹أ൱ķʢϷɵ졢ˮε㡢деҰûе۶ǰ㾫µỊ̇ȴԵʮְʵڡ
˼˲ֻҰ˵ʳүҲе̲סѯʡɩǶ˰ɣ˱ֻܷſ˳ԣȱľǳԵĶ
Ƕˣ㲻ˣҲܳʲôնᱻĺȫԵ
˼˵Ȼ
εЦЦһֱܳԣ֪ġ
ү˽˼ԣҲ˼˵ȫġ
Ա󣬳˼һǩݣֺһڲĳ˵ע½ʿ
ʣشܲܽܣ
ܡ
үû뵽λɩΪֱӣҲŻ˼֡
⼸½ȥʲôط
ŹַǾΪȥȾһĹֲ
үа
˼֪ŹΪεأү˼һ飬󣬳˼Ҳ˸һ뷨
ү˵ˣõ˼Źıأ˼һԱظӵˣĺ¶ǸŹˣǿ϶ǻĲġ
Ҹһ֮³֣֮㻹ҪȨ
˼ЦӯӯĿү˵
үϢûǵӦ̰Ĳ󣬱ΪŹıǵòˣû뵽ɩţ仰Ѿˡ
˼үӦ˸ɴ࣬෴ûνĿģ˳ó˼С
Źıؿɲô׵õģȻŹǱˣ϶ٲھֻǼ򵥵ھүɳȥǼҲ˺
֮ҵӦЩķڴ֮ǰҪֳúò鿴һǡ
˼Լ뷨үѡʱһȥ鿴󣬳˼үİ£뺮һص˯ȥˡ
˯ʱ䲢ϳ˼ȵļһɻͷ˯š
˵ԭʼɭ֮еĳǳأÿһٲҰ޵
֮͸ǳؽڻվһÿʱÿ̶Ҫܹ𳵲ҪûӦͨ˵ﶼǺ˯ŵġ
ǳȥŰɣͷôƣƻǵĺӸô죿
ʵ˯⣬ԼţֻԳ˼Ϊˡ
˼˵ͷ뺮һ뿪˷䡣
һ˯ŵĻүѾ˴ɡ˾ɡһһĺȡ
˼뺮ˣүæվһ׼õȵϹҪñԶ
ǣү
һϣԼһСŭүȻǧֲүĻģ͸ʲôǴһ
ϵ˼ǰų˼үһ
൱ݻģһСӣһСԼŴȷѾߡ
Ը˼Ǽֲ֡
ѾϵĴӣһ֮ߣȶ粻Ǻֻܴȳķ磬֮⣬˼⣬оһƿ;һ
˼ȥѴӣүԼĽ
һ֣ص˵ɩһӸеɣ
ţǰû
ʵҲûʲô֮ǰǲϵ˿񣬲˿Ǳɵĳнһ֮࣬뱡еһʡ
˼һ˲ȻӦþԭʼᴼ밾˱ɵĳˮԽǷڣմȾıˮԽֱ࣬ɹɣϷ϶бԶɾ塣
-

275 ƽ

ɾ۵ֺܵͣǻữģѾǵȶ֮»Ļ졣
ϵ֪ʶڻȣԵϴڵıɾڻʱ¶ȱ½ϱɱɭȻЧ
ϵ˿棬ܶȼСܴ污ɾ壬һһӣֻҪ׵һ춼ǿеġ
һʱ䣬˼ɵöԹ˵Ĵ˾֮飬ԭ粢ȱˣȱֻԶֵʵᡣ
үΧ壬˼ͻȻϮС˯
֪У˼ֱӴ˯ʱ֡
˲òѳ˼ʱ򣬺һԼļøɻˣȻϻȥ鷳
ϾѾʻԭʼɭֵĸأԭʼɭְ컹ãһʲôУˡ
˼Ժ۾ǰֻ֪и̰˯ȴǲ룬һ˯ȥ˯
۾ӹһһںʲʵѾ𣿡
ֹ춼ˡ
Ц
˵
˼ڵҽʱԭʼɭľ飬Ƕβ׵ĹȻô꣬ҲӡԺ֮С
ԭʼɭһϣȺ޳û⣬ĻȳԼӡ
ɭָصҧһڣ㼸ģӻʮҰֱӽȾˣǰй˵һ񹤵СҧһڣعסICU֮һغˡ
뵽˼Ǵһ
󣬳˼ںİ
վ󣬳˼һĵط˵Եھۼܹ죬Ҳм⡣
ֻ۾ھ֮ƽ̹һƬһСݶ
һֻ˵һ⣬ǾǴ˵ж
ĹԹо綾ڣıǴġ󡱡
ŹһһĹȣϸϽֻһŹַ㲻ĹѨ
ԣ˼òų˵жĽ͡
£ǽ˺εزŵõĹֲ
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үһӹһ׾ƽʪë˱Ϻ󣬱ǳǰȥ
еĻֱ˺˼ͬëҲΪʲôֻǼһѧһү
ү˰ʱͣһ֮С
˵һСϻܿȻƵɴ˿ɼСҲүʱھġ
˵үĽǰүָǰӣ˵еʯţǸսȥ˳֮׷Ż²ֹһҹϱ˺ɫĶ
˼뺮׷׳ſµʯλÿȥʯѾƿһڶĿӡ
˼ڿһ۴˵ص󣬽УȻ海ĳʮֽ
ֱֽ˿ӱϣԶֱӵС
ںү׷׶Գ˼һٶʾʱ򣬳˼Ц˵ûʲô⣬Ѿ򿪣ʵĿӿ룬ĶһĶȻˡ
˵գ˼ڱǼëҪһȥ
״æסԼȻָһү˵ȥ̽̽·
ƵĿүүͷ㣬Ҳ̽·ò
Ȼȴ˳˼һƽȿıʲôҪŮˡ
ҪΣգҲñȥǻһȥɣ
˼һټ֣û˰취ֻܱԼʩչṦ֮С
үҲһһ
ˣ˻ѣһоûӽѵȼ
ˣҲȽ붴УŻǰ̽·
˼ָţһ붼ɿ
룬һŵһɾҵĸ֮
˼һǵǽڣһ֮£ǿһ߰ɫĺǡ
⺡Ǳűܵƣǰڸܡ
ǰߣǽ֮½½ķ˸ָĺǣһűܵơ
ûһ˾ߵ˾ͷ
ԣ˼һ֮Ϸ˱ڻһЩ򵥵Ļƣûʲôѧͨͥװλ
ӦһӣֻǱʯˡ
˼²
Ȼһ뷨û˵ȥãͱˡӦŹһ˼ңǿʲô
˵Ѿ˵ϣһֻһֱһӲӵĲ
ɢ̫һĽǧ꣬Ȼԡ
˼һƽ׼Ǳ˭ĵģæӺжƽЦȱһҵˡ
-

276 ʱ

вڵ¡ǽ﷢˸ָĽ˼һʲôöֱҩռ䣬кڻүûƼʲôߡ
ȵүڵĹĵʱ򣬷ǿź˼һƽԵվڶе㲻˼
塢ɩҲ̫ˡ
ү⻰˵ǽһ󷽣Ȼ˼뺮ףõĶˣѱүᷴڣϾôĲƸǳ˼뺮ߣҲαõһ
ڵľǣүµ˹ֲŹھ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲôүװһ˴ѺõӣҪǴͷβ˼һôҲûУү㲻󷽵ŹıǷһ롣
˼ĴǣүڱĹУҩռ˳پ˳٣øһ㣬үһ
һүʣ³ǵıȨһ¾ͺðˡ
ϾĶ̰ģǳ˼뺮Ծ޴ĲƸʱҪ֮Ϊе˼
ϣֻһЩأ컹δ뿪˴˵ء
˼صү극ŻصԼķ䣬ʼƱ
û뵽ү߸ӵĲƱѾӽǸСеĲƸھɾⲻ֪ƱѾһСɽĿ⣬ʮӶδװ¡
ֱ̫ˡ
ĻںͷأǿҪúðүڱ
Ϊ֤Լļֵ˼źóһС
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ڱĹأҲԼ;óΣҲ֪ʲôʶҲûʡ
ϢһҪһ¶еʣﺬϵͬҾһ֮ҵǵķ
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˼ҲûоܾǴ򿪵ӣúԼһȥɵеĶƬ
ҲĿһ۵ӣ뵽˼ֻһЦ
һҹԺ˵ģԳ˼˵Ƕݵġ
ĳ˼忸סڳ˼оһ߽ڹϵʱ򶼻ʵȰϼ䣬ϢȻÿһζ޼£˼ָ
ˣҲûз
ǣ˼ҲںһһĶǰˡ
ԺеĹӰ˯ε״̬ѡ
̫ѨվͻȻ뵽Լпܻæµתȥ鿴
ʵϣ˼ѾæˣҲòУſ˯ˡ
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䣬˼ʹźص˷С
˶û˯ãԣ˼һǿſڵѾߣүң˵ϰһҹĹֲ۵ӣȥڱ
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ʱ˲Žһ̫ݣ˯һ죬Ǿġġ
ϲٰҹˡ
˼һǷȻ뵽ԼҪʱ򣬸ҩռ˴硣
о˼ӶУȷͬң˼һҹ򣬾Ƴ硣
ڣǳ˼֪Чʱ
ţҲôá
ų˼߹ΪһͷأȻѾһҩռ䡣
ĩˣ˼ĵĳ˺ǰ
ɹˣҳɹˡ
Сڻ˵ýʱ򣬵ǽ˳Ĳٸү
æס˳˼͡
˼˼˵ǰľ
үԼĹֲڱḶ́أºڱָ̻ᷢķգɺүԳ˼磬ֲҵҲүһ˿ȻⱦͲ˳ˡ
ǳȥү˶ٱػ
˼˺ĸ첲˲߳˷䡣
ӦһүҲǽŻֻүȴû֮ǰһģеֻ޷߿ʡ
˼״Щʻø첲һߵĺ
-

277 ׷

ߣ˭ˣ߻壬
⻰Ȼʮɣ˸ǣڶҺүʱԵðʮ־޴ˡ
壬ֶ̰ᣬӦøһģڡ
үɫ
˼뺮һǳ˼ҪȺ֪ʲôǰһʵʲô£
ȥһѨأĹĹ죬Ϊ⣬ʹֵµֵҲƴŻñ뿪Ȼ±Ӱ
үȻ˻һ˼ƤҲ˼Ρ
˼ЩģүԲǼ١
ͬʱ˼ҲͷһûȥѽȻС϶Ҳס
үиһ£һѵڸԼƤ
ڼ˶ھ뱯֮еʱһѾ
үѶվѾǰ·űԺӶȥ
˼뺮һ·棬õ·ԽԽθˡ
ߵķ¶Խ࣬ζԽɹӭʤ
һƫԺͼһµ˻Ѫڵϴͷ߬һѵ֪ĻҪԼôһ¡
Χˣûһǰֹ
үˣһԵĻŭôҲǵֵܣΪβ
ү뵽ģǶˣѽÿ㶼۵ٴѹ˭Ҳ֪ôˣԴӸһ󣬾ͲԾ˵жȥȻڵһǺ
Ҳ
үֲҽͷֳɵҽ˵ɩҪͷˡ
£ҽߴῴԷʲôˣܾȱȡ
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˼Ļιȥ󣬵һʱʼΪ򵥵İ
ĿǰܵȫƤˣԲҪҩռС
Ȼ˼ҪΪıаʱȻļ׵ҲλãһСİ
ں棬˼δ룬һ֮£Ǹ͸ƵģѸٳӵطߡ
һʱ䣬ĺˮ˳ų˼Ķͷ䣬˷ɵýŵ
عͷɫصĿһү˵жȥĿǰжʲô
˼ĻҪ͸ΪԼڳ˶ı
ȴԼиƤ⣬Ǹ¾۵ˡ
ɩ˵ôô죿ҪʲôǰҪκ
үãҪȥǷ³ǣѾû˸ٰھŹıˡ
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˼ãڲŵʱ򣬶Ǿǹؼ
Ƭ̣үʵǵؿҽ˵õУ
ĻɩҲ
ɩȻҽҲǸŮѽĶָ׼ʲôֲֲϱġ
˼װ˵С
үȻΪĻɩȻҽʵҲ͸ƽŮһСû䣬ǵͷʾ⡣
үȥУ˾ԺﾲȺ
ͷһҽʴʶʵΪҽ
ҽ˵֫ٺƤ٣ڲ𣿡
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׺ֱ̾ѧҽһŲѧʣҪƹҽͷĲҩܽǺͿˡ
̸ҽһԵүҲ˵һ㻰ȻδſڣһǱһͷԺ
λпͶиʮˣһ˫۾Ƿϣ˼һѧķ緶֮⣬еľϵҩϢ
йҽ꣬ҩζѾγһֶصķ㣬һϴ˴裬Ҳŵϵҩ
ͨŲߣŵ˱ԶԶģ˼һܸһҽϵζжԷҽΣ
λʱУ˼ͷ²һǸеĸ֣ҪͰٹʮʮ꣬˼ҽ֮δܳС
-

278 ɫļ׿ǳ

֮һҽҲ޺ѡ
п˼֪λԭҽʱɵһ
벻ҽҲʮͣʤ
Ȼ˼ȴû̸ȴǴߴ˵ˣ롣
˼һƣ˵̬ǫûа˵ȴǸӾ˼ƷУҽָߣԭ֮
ɨһڵϵĻְ˰ͣڰϵĴ
룬Ǵ͸һһͼ̳űĵطӶݡ
һӣתͷĿүүʵңĻڵô˹ֲ֮ǰȥһҪ˵ʵȻҲûа취
үǸԶ۵ˣȻǰӬͷСǳ˰˵ŹıأҲ֪ɣ
ŹĪȥĹᡭ
۾ĻȴڳΪ֮һ
ѵŹү֪飬λһ֪˲֪顣
۹۵Ľ֮֯£Цʱһרž˷ĹСһ˸үλһģһһʼΪҲ˲·ֱ˵ʵҲ֪Źԭ򡣡
Ǻԭ򣿡
ү£϶˽ǧʷޱȵĸȤΪû˭룬õŹıء
ڵõ֮ǰйŹһҪŪС
мˣүҲĵĽŹԭ
ǧ֮ǰŹĹźķ˰άϵŹ˽ĹҸԼᣬ˼˵ȵ棬ȻŹĹİաĳɶ׳Ƴ
ǣıһʷǰʯ
ŹҿҷɽǽŹɽʯΧУʵϣֻйһ֪ȵ̫ι̵ɽʯϽ֮
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ЩȫЩС˵ģǵڱʱ򣬾̫̫࣬ЩϢĹҵıڻпģΪǰ޺ĹѨͨոҲûӹƲá
ԭŹıһĹһŹԴԼİգֻýЩİһһڳǰ£Իⳡ˵ʵ
үһֹסĸпһǽһȻ˵˻ҪŹıء
үǸˡ
ĳү˹
һԵĳ˼ˣҲҴ˭³үĵأ˼ģάϵԼڰĿеܲڻٵһаɣ
мʱ˷ѵĲˣʼΪԵĻֳΡ
һʱ䣬еձ˵ҲҶԡ
Ϊ˶Ƽддľͳһε޹ǵ
⵶һ㶼ã˵ҲǽʬѡõĽ٣Ψڸ˷仹ش˵ʱŻá
óһ޹ǵ׼Ҫ˵һ
˼Ҳס˺Լһʹеƫ档
ֻս˵Ȼһƿվ޹ǵϣٽʣվصǻ¡λá
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нװվƵƿӷ£ͣ˰Σƺ
ͻȻ׼Ǹȥڳ˸֨һͺʲôƵ
ܷ֡
ʱŤͷһ۳˼
˼㶣ͷӦҪʲô
˵ţ˼ѾߵеĽǰ
зҲݸ˳˼һ޹ǵ֣ص˵ķΧ¡λıԵƤֻʱ޹ǵסʬ棬Եġ
á
˼һʣʬʲôСеľĳӡ
˼һٶһӹ޹ǵĸȥøĲλ
Ƭ̣һֻСĺɫ׿ǳǰ
Ȼʬ棬þ
һβԼվƣǳԺеĻѾǴ󺰡
Ѿ뻤׷ǰȥþƣһõľƵǲ٣һƿÿƿһ
ָһѾߡˣù
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279 ƶ

Ѿе㺦£ߵرЩͷͳѾߴߴٵ㣬ţ
ѾߵݹƣƳһſڵһĻֿһ۱дбĺɫ׿ǳ棬סͣĶӡ
ûžˮʲôǴ򿪸ӺһھˮƷ˰εʲôƣˮһҪ߶Ⱦƣһ˯һһҹ־ơ
ȥñŮ
үھԼҲ󷽵ĳŻ˵
ζƬ̣ǽү˶Ů˳
쳢ƣòˣͰƿƵ˻ļϣҪֱ˿ڴ
ѾܹĻھƾĥ£ڴ˿۾
˼Ϊ⻤ۣû뵽ȴͻȻһ䡰
ʬ淽ſ϶Ѫ⣬ڲŻὲĻ
ţóһӣ˼󣬴˻磬ͽıһ㣬ʱ䣬϶ֳһ㵭ɫĻ档
ſڵֱߺߣֻжסʬȴǲֵĽ
Ƭͣضɴ˲˿ֲƬеЧų˼Ҳɵú˼
ǰס˳˼С֡£бڡ
ʵ˼ǲӣֳ굽ԼƤ㲻ΪԼ룬ҲҪΪĺġ
ʲŰγе޹ǵɲǼ䣬ҲŻʬ漴̴ӻϴ
ССĳҲ֪Ϩ棬ǲͣڵϷ
м״ٺЦСȥɣ
̧صĲʬϣֻһ룬ʬ³Ҷ֪
º󣬻Ҳ˷ߡ
ƿţһƬɫճⶫǱвʬ档
ȤǣʬȴһɫĶƤôеڹĶƤڹƤЩͬǣʬĶƤϻһ֥С̣֮ģ˿˲ɵͷƤ顣
ʣµľͽˡ
˵գй˹Ҫ뿪˵ˡ
˼Ϊл⣬ͳү˼۾үһѰ˼æסеȥ·˵Ҫ㲻ʮŮ졣
үˣأƽʱͺһڣҪǮѽһǻȥƣһҵþƣҲڷæ֮չһ½ǡ
ĻЩӦõġ
үֽƸһͻؼңҲûоܾ
У˼ص˻ķ䣬ʼΪǸ
һк󣬳˼հŴ򿪣Ϳүվ棬˽ɻ
˼ү˽⣬ԼܼīˮɫȻġ
޹Ů˰˵Ǳ˵ɣ
˼֪⻤ڱƵʱ򣬻ϾѾŴˣΣڻδΪ߽߶ô
˼ˣҲ˵ʲôų˼Ժȥ
һԵүһˣ˵ʲôվʽ˶
磬֮ϣү˳˼ʬ飬˼ֻʱԼӰеĳӣҲǺ˽⣬Ǿ͸ԼӰľ飬ֳܽͨػĹƷġĹ֮ˣһһǽⷽǶһЩʬ棬֤ǧ겻ǧ겻ǧ겻ѡǣںڰпΪʯһ̰ͻᴥأȻǽϵʬͻḴգǿ˵˵Ѫ⡣
ô˵ʬǽں棬Ȼıء
үƺѾ֮ǰĽѵǶǰĲͷĦȭƣ·ЩʳǱֵıһ
˼εҡҡͷ˵Ȱ㻹öǶ٣̰࣬һʬҲȲˡʬ˵ʱչֳ˶Իη壬ʬ棬²»һ¡
˼ΣҲڵ֪ڵĳ˿ɲ֮󣬲Ÿı˳ġ
ʵϣҪŹص˼ү١
ǻɩʲô飿
ҼڹǿṦʬǽڸͰеķʬһˮȻǣȻܺãղЩ书õ˳㱨һܼٺܶ಻Ҫ
ţɩԼǡ
үͬ˳˼ķ˼ȻϲĽ
극үȥڱ˼Ż·Ϊɣص˷С
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280 ޴

ҪЩ𣿡
ã̫ˡ
˼ӯӯһЦ͵ʬǽڣ涨Ȼž޴ıأֻҪͳĵطжٴȻүھ걦غٽȥ©òģҲò
˼߬ȭͷһڱصõӡ
ۣǰƾֶΣܵòǽ֮ıأǲŽй¶أ
˾ⳡڱĻߣѺһ飬ⱦشƬľΪС
˻һ·󣬾ߵүϡ
үҲһ·ǻĳһڰҹ¡
ˣүЦԳ𣿡
ţ߰ɣ
˼װһνӡ
⵹үûа˼Ͼ塢ɩҲǸˣҲƾж٣ֲ࣬Źıأǻδؿϡ
ΣǸһֱصģƽ֣е˵ȥˡ
˻վ˼ûһϮϵСֱˡ
ү֮Ψһֻ塣
ֻΧ壬Ļ塣
ˣ
үʱЩĲɣʶҲû¡
á
һֶʤһӣʹϿүҪӮַˡ
壬һ㶼ûֶ˼
үȻǲˬģͿҪӮˣ֪ȴֻķʽճ
ЦôûãŹıأɩɰֲãҪľ㲻
˵ЦˣҪĲǱȨҪĲŹıأʱ򱦲֣үڱȨʲôģǶǴҪġ
á
ǳĹ򣬽鶼̸ˡ
ȵھ򱦲صĵطƬƽ̹ľ췭ظı仯ǵãһδ˵أ˵ؾѾүˣڵǼ˹ǡ
ֻӶ֮а׹ǰһƬǽ壬״ɵüͷ
ֶѽҪ㹱ƷʲôģһټڰɣһǱߵľ⣬Ҳø׳
壬׼ˡ
ү˵صȺֻ֣СʿһһνƺƵ
ǺúõҲЩˣຣ
ǣү
δаиڵϣ㿪ʼ߶߶
˳ǣģҲ֪жôˡ
ڱ飬үȻΪڿӶ֮һ¶ĲһߺŴ裬һעſӶµĸֶ
ͻȻǽڵȻֹȻÿӶͷ϶˲õ顣
ү˽ȥ̽ʱһɫҰ׵ĴӿӶ֮˳
үڵһȫʬǽǷú˵ھ򣿡
ǾԿ
үһҲ޷
ת˿Ӷܿ죬һЩ书ߵ׷׳˳ʣµ书ǿ
ү˿̵飬ֻݣǧҪ£ڴŴ෽һҪá
Ȼãһ򣬾һ߹һĲҽдӿӶ֮д
үҲסˣָһȥһδ˽ȥӰѾӿӶ֮˳
ߡүǶֲ̫ˣǸͲ»𡭡
ŵģǼ书ǿȻЩĿ꣬һʬϣǵȥͬʱиʬӿӶ֮˳ٶ죬ŵЩɢѪζһ㣬һѷЩ˵ϡ
һʱҽү˫Ŀ죬ͲûȥЩʬƴһˡ
Щֵܣ񣬱ʬ壬ۿֻʣһߺˣȴʲôҲˡ
ֵǣԲסǡ
ү̾һȴҲ޼ƿʩģԼļʬϡ
ھڽУҲʬǽǶ㿪Ǽڣ
үĴǣשʯӹ̣ЩɲĳԶóˡ
𰸵ĳ˼Ҳظһ֪û򵥡
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ǰѡЭ
õһֱغ󣬲ΪãǽԭչҽҽԭǧգЩҪܶǮġ
νΪΪʳЩûүĺôҲΣյ顣
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281 Դ׵ϻ

ڱĹţ˼ڳ˲עʱͨҩռ䣬ѽ˿Ӷ֮С
˽ȥǽڣΪǶʬ棬Щڳ˼˵ͬ衣
ɹһǽ֮󣬿һҵĽƱǣҪƣҲס
ļ˼ͬŹıϴһգүɵүΪԼռ˴ͷ
ڱĹڵʱֽصүóԼھıصʮ֮һ˳˼뺮
̰˰֣ʾЩǮƣǲҪȨǸүļ
үûãǴϲĻɩ壬ݹȻᣬֻϣԺиĽ
磬ү³ǵĻ˺ԼҲһУ˵Ժԭİȫ˵ˣڿԵɢүһǵˡ
ؼ
˼δͣү˼򵥵ĸ֮󣬱뿪˴˵ء
󣬺Ĵ³ǣ³ǵĽʿˡ
ͨ£ÿһǳأǳͷһĽʿͬʱҲԭǳصһʿΪز
ôĿģҲͨĻ͸ķʽ̶ӰʣĽʿʹǿҵİ黳
ͬģôĿģؼĻǸල
һүǼٺƽôһУүĳǳظصĴۡ
˼صӪغûм뿪ڴϢ
˵Ҫʲô£
Ҵʮֻʬ棬Ʒ֣ȻΪá
˼˻һһֻ󼹶ڷ
ǳ൱ΣգȰ㲻Ҫ֡
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˼ûΣ˼ɻǣЩ͵ʬ棬ڱҩռ󣬱õ˯С
һٴҩռ䣬ֻ
ʵ飬˼֣ʬѾҩռ䵱ѵĳ˯ص㣬¶ȸĹѨջʬŻ¶ʡ
뺮һۣͬ˳˼һ뷨
һΪãȴú˼⡣
˼ǣ㻹ٿЩӲɣ
ţֲǵĶ򣬴ӶıǵĺͨһЩѵʹΪá
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ûϸʣΪҲֻܷ
ʵһ˼ûиǾǸõļԿƷֵʬ棬ÿһʬֲһ
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ӱϾǳӣӵ˸̣Ҳ񰢹èء
ǳ˼İȫҲԸἰģΪһ˵ˣûʲôʸˡ
ߣ˷Ǹ֪ǽ϶һɲС
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º󣬴ҪַһǳأҶ³ǡ
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һ֧ս޼᲻ݣȻֻаˣȴֵǧ
˵ϣΪڴ־õսϣãһǳأһǳذˣҲԼ
£С˯ĳ˼ȻһХ
æ򿪳ֻͷϻڶĺıܡ
˼һ۾ϳԼм֮ԵϻøϳĽʿͣ
˿īҶ³˵ĺҲ˺ХüͷԼηĴ
ʿǿֻϻ˶飬׷еĳԽ䱸
˼ЦؾţֻϻϵãҸġ
˵ţ˼Ŀ֮£ߵֻϻߡ
ϻ˺˼˵ӵҲߵ˳˼ߡ
˼ϻƤëһֻĸȴĺ˼ҪַˣΪŮ˳ԴףŮΪ˳ԴףĸϻΪϻԴף˼š
ģֲҵϻɶأ
˼ָֽĸϻϣĸϻɵԴ˲˼
˼ݸһЦǴ𣿡
ͷϻ̺һ˵ǣȻĿһ۳˼ͷԶˡ
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282 ǹ

ϻߺ󣬺һϻԼҵϾɽеޣûԣҪˣ᲻˶Ǹδ֪
£˼һ˼оµʬϣԾӪͷĴСһĪϵ̬ȡ
ڵʱ򣬳˼˵һƷʬ棬ֻǶԷл׳״̬߱ԣ˼Ǵڹ۲ڣȵǳ󣬱һֵʵ顣
ʱĪĺһùȫĺƽԸһػˡ
мҪҶ³Ǿˣʲôʵģ
Σ
ûбеļ򵥡
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ڳ˼ҲӦĽڹţϾǰüǳضѾոˣô򣬾Ե̫ʶ̧ˡ
ڴţһҶ³ǾոǳأҲЩؼңһøеĺս;гҲؼҿԼĵߣһΪӵТ
Ȼ룬˼Ĳһ
˿̣ڣΣλϣһſĴǣһŭȻ
˵ñĻ彫Ҷ³ǵıȨȥպôˣ˵˵ⳡս򲻴򣿡
ѶүϢ˵ĺá
ڽʿһһȰο
ôˣЩֵеĴ磬Ҫ׾ٵľͰҶ³ǽȥǻԼҪҲҪԼĻ帶صĴۡ
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ʿȻԸսΣǵӣҪ飬ûκηܾɡ
ﶬĴֵҶ³Ǿڵʱֵ
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ĿԼ˵ôɣģװֵġ
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Щǲ²⣬ץסһһơ
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Щʱ򣬵ȽʿǶ˯ˣһѲߵĽʿӰ쵽ж֮⣬˼ΪǸĺʱ䡣
źһҶ³ǵĳ֮⣬Ƕ˴ƽʱ·˿̿ٲȻһ˷򸾵Ĵ硣
һٴζҩռ䣬Ⱥ۵ʱѾҶ³ǵ档
Ҷ³ǻһַǷСŵƽʵģҲ֪ףʲôա
˼ץסһСʵСܵܣҪ𣿡
ǹ꣬껹ţ죬Ҷ³һһȼӣ˳ׯһճɡ
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˼ЦץץСԴһǹݸС
㣬ʲô
ǣأ𿪳
СǹŽʮֺóԣɵҪлĴʱŤͷ䣬ѾʧӰ١
ۣŮǣⱲӶͷһسԵأ̫óˡ
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283 ÷

벻Ҷ³һƬͣγǻһ׵
ţɴ˿ɼʧΪһү
Ҳ߶ۡ
ڳ˼뺮Ҷ³ǰͷΧʱһνý˳ų˼ķ˹ȥ
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һ뵽ԼУܲܶ²ܣһǾҷ³ޣϾԼҪġ
С͵͵˳˼Һ󣬵˵ܳӣܵһ˵С󣬾ȲĲҡ
֮зżӣһԪ
С͵ϲԪϲ˺һ
ҲôҲǮС͵Ԫŵ·ﶵʱ俴˿ڽԪײּ
һ֣Ա߻һССӡ£ǹټҵĽԪ
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һѰ˼С͵ȥһ˵ΪϢ
Ҷ³ʲô֪ܲҪ׼ǶĴ
С͵ͣľķϡ
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˵ҪϢ档

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284 

һ֡
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СŲæԼ֡
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һʼ˼Ϊֻһ֪˵ؾһԹԣŮһҲģͷĻŵȥΪƼˣҲһڻͨ
ʱµȻ·
ǰûģֻһλԵɺ¾һλīˣӴī˾ͰˣīƳĻе˵ˣǼˣҲûʲôġ
Ůǰ·ԣҲǳ˼Ҫ֪Ϣ
˼ɻô֪֮ࣿ
ϴǸīѽϴ˵ˣۼ̫СҪģûǰ;൱ȮŶˣϴ˵ˣ˭ܸ˽Ӵ̽ϢǮ˾пܳΪˡ
ŮͻȻסŲһ㴦ĵطһǽϵĻء
ֻ˲䣬ͷλñһŹľγڡ
ȥɣϴֹ׼Ѿڵˡ
˵գŮͷҲص˱
˼ҪһȥȴǱס
ȣûˣȥ
Сĵ㡣
˼һѺһѡ
ЦģһСආκβ˱
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285 д

ż㣬һԾȥ
Ƭ̣һ˫˼Ǻ֣űԷȥ
ȻǰȻһ˼վȵʱѾ뺮һ鷿ˡ
СĲμ
ģһοʣ۵˳ų˼ǹݶ¡
˼еܳЦʦض񡣡
ˣĴˣһ˱īͶС
ˣСľһϲ࣬ʲôʦ
˵ǣǣû̴ʦմɷ֪
Сī
Ǿͽīɣ
˼֪ԼҺī˵ʲôһյĹīͶǶмӣãˣܱһ˵ѹ
ɴˣ˼ʼղܷ¾衣
Ī˴Ϊεأ
ŶĸϣǴܰȫҲ뵽ǻ
īĻûаģ˿ɾʵڲôˡ
ǣ˼ڿһۺһ䡰īͶˣ
ǣһֱ뷨ݶʵɣԭˣȴŴƬĵطȥɹ߹ʵԽԽˡһλڳɹշҶ³ǺܷܲһҲұľ֮ˡ
ţ㵹Ǹ֪ͼˡ
˼īһദ󣬳˼Ƿ֣ī˵ĲǣҪԶЩϵĽ
īֳų˼뺮һƣ˱īߵһԡ
ī˵棬תһƿ䣬ܴзֿһҡ
֮Уûеɵˣȥó˼мֲֿ
Ϊÿе˵ϣĳת
˼ãŴĻеҪִĸ߿ƼĶ࣬ԭڶԷǷֻܻͨڶԷ򵥵Ķ˸ߴϵĸо
˼Щ󣬲ûֵĶһжӡ
īһʣЩеúβٿеġ
ܼ򵥣ÿе˵϶װһֻ֪֣ҪǵϣǾͻʶ֫Ȼͻֹ˵Ļ档Ще˶ô죬ӲȻǷȶͨ޷ġ
ԭֻҪȹǣԷչֳҵ̬
֪һܺ󣬳˼ַˣʲôսҪ˶ãҪΪ°ܽ
ҪһȥīԼӪصī˺оһأʡȥ鷳
ҲһųͻɱͣĻеˣ۶ԷӲ
īų˼Ц
˼˳ǣ˻ź֣ǰ
պںĶдʰɣڡ
˼ааһЦһЦīҲҪŵˡ
ī֪˼ļƲߺ󣬺һվʾԡ
ôǲ̫
ˣǶһͷһɽֶΪأ
˼һȰ޹ҲֻЭ
󣬳˼ʮԪīſڣһдһȻһλѾȥͨ籨š
һкī͵ų˼뺮棬ЩЩīͻеˣҲī뺮Լ˼ˡ
ȵظһѾ߼æܹȥϢ
ġˣīˡ
ʲôīϲȾƣ׼ȥľƹݺȾȥˡ
ûҵ˼ͷأѾȴ˵Ĳʶ̧٣ʱܹùͷδмѾģˣ˫ŽԪԼһ𼱻ǵܵǰ
īѱˡ
˻һѾ߿жڶ
һһѾŵɨһݣǡ¶꣬ûгʤĿߵζҶԣһʯͷ޼ֵӽ֮ƽһ㳹׶Ͼô꣬ΪҲ˲ٺͣҲҲ֪ôѾ˳ء
ддҵҶ³ǵУ߾ߣˣƭҵī˳𲻱ҡҡۡ
˫ⷭһûϳԵķ˳֮˱㵹ǽĵذ֮ϡ
еĻһͨˣȥС
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286 Ŷ

ĴīûҲԼī˳󣬾Ѿڡ
ͬʱϢҲҶ³ڴ˳⡣
˵˷磬бģЦ
𣿡
˵βãֻһˡ

˼һͣ󣬾Ͱī˽
ī齲˶˼ѶûЦ
ʲôаʯͷԼĽš
ԭΪѶԸүүˡ
˼򳪸ģīĿࡣ
˼֮ǰĳͣǵã˼ز֮󣬷˵˷
ҿīǺߵˣȻһȥԷĶƴ
ǲǸˣ˵׼Ҷ³Ҳǳ
ī˼
˼һ࣬־˲˵ţҲȥҡ
īĵǣôҲǸүҪǷԼĻɩⱲӶܰɣ
īǲа˵󣬾ֱī񣬱⵵¶īīĺ
ĴҶ³Ƿ䶯֮󣬾һֱפڳ⣬ûʱҲûʱû١
Ȼڵһϣ˸ͷĹܼ˺Ӫء
һԳĹܼң˵Ҫݼ
ܵⱨŵС䡣
Ϊ峿˭ȥüͷҲֻг˼ѾߣôǺŵͽϡ
С䣬ȺòкţϾ
˿̵ĳ˼Ѿˣڻеԭ򣬽ЩҲ˯ãô˯ڶһû˯ӡ
Ȼи˯ġ
˼̾һ󣬷ֺ׸˶ýæŤͷڴϵĺ˵ģͷлһֱ
𶯣ͷ㳶
𶯣ͷԽԽࡣ
˼æĵ֡
⣬ҲЩΪΣ
˰ɶȥͷҲֺüһ˥£ǻ⣬ǹȲͣ㳶ҵͷҿ϶Ҫֹ㣬һǵһ֣㳶Ҫĸ
ԲԣʮˣˣǹȲˣԺٸ˿ûС
ԵȰοų˼
˼Цѽ㿴ھ˼ƲƻС
ó˼˵ʲô˼û취ĲһյõĻܲѴ֮õҶ³ǵıȨ
˼·ų˼߳
Ĺܼһæ͸˹ȱȾҼү
ҿΣβεúҪ׵ʲôǰǣҪκүĲܵõʲô
˼ΪѾѻ˵ʮֳˣܼҷҪװͿ
ҪƽҲգһ۾
ҲҪǮô˵ɣҪκҶ³ǵĻΪҪ޷ܣ
⡭⡭
ܼҷ·𱻳˼Ļŵһ㣬˰Ҳû˵һ𻰡
ǺܼҸӪء
պһ֧Ķ飬һɰ̧ĽӻźӪؿ
īǰŪ˵ݺ󣬾ͼȥ㱨
ˣ˻Эˣ
ã汾һȥӭӱǡ
Ьӣīһ뿪
ﾲЩëֵĳ˼ҲǷëʣ˳
ܿ죬ǽӾͱ̧˺ǰ
ǰѾߣ΢΢ƿһ죬ֻ¶İ
ֻаҲľ̬
ʡ壬˻ɩҪʳԣ⼸з磬ñǳԲ·Ȳˮٵ鼸գ±Ҫȥˡ
վںԵĳ˼˵©磬ƺˮ⸱ȥ룬ţѾ˱ٱľ棬ȻҲ
ֶѽģлڣĪ˵βǽǮǶԸ⣡
˼ǰһһȻ󷽣ĶôĴ̶ǵȻŵ
УھͲһѪû³ˣ˼ʮ꣬Ǽʶˣһ˵ܺʲô̶ȣܽŵĻ
ɩ˵ЦˣΪβϣֺǮһ˵ߣɩҪβñҲܵõ⻢ֻǻɩҽž͡
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287 ӡ

ŶѣϰշģԸʲôҾʲôֻǣҲˣȲɣͱ罫֮ˣһβãŰҲġ
˼æĻ˼˵һҲԼ
κõĲȻȫԸβõĲҲֻĬһӷһ·ߺá
ɩǱ㿪ʼɣ
֪˵˼Ҳٽͣǽз֢֮κãȻĵһѩˡ
ΪûʲôǱȻŻҪġ
ãƼݵ𴦣ӾͲҪˣʲôܱ֤Ƭײ
˼ҲǸֱֱȥˣ˻˵ԶԣֻĬĬͷ
󣬳˼һ
һʼ˼ϼ䣬춼ֵޱȽ󣬳˼Ͳ˵ˡ
Ǹһ֣ȻĲӾͰ
Ժ󣬳˼ɽ˴ҩռ䡣
һ飬δִκļ෴廹Ľ
Ȼ˼ΪһҽߣƾѪҺCTܶ϶һǷ񽡿ĻǾ̫ˡ
ǸҽǸҽ֣Ҫһȫλļ顣
ܿ죬ͱ˼һ˿ǵļȻǺܹʣЩʱ޵˼ѣһҽ߶Բ˸̬ȣȻЩϸڣ̨ܽϸڸ֪Էġ
һ飬˼ƶпΪصµзĽŵװ巢һƶС׿顣
׿īɫһƺеԣһۣ͸˼ĸо̫á
ǣ˼Ͳһȥ顣
Сʱ󣬳˼ȻǶԵѪ
ΪʲôбᣬжҲ㣬͸ѪѲĹϵ
ѪԶѪܣʹ˵Ѫͨյ²ּ޷͸ʱ䲻ֽľ߲·ĵһġ
ҲǱĲֻǡѪһ£Բŵ˲
һǸСëѪȴǶԵģҲҽѧﳣ˵ԡ
һ϶ٳпҪҩˡ
Ϊ̫С˼ƶʰһ㽫ŵװϵѪ
ֶ֮Ѫ˻飬ȷԺ󣬳˼ȻЦˡ
һӶҪ׬ǮˣǸùү
˵գ˼ʹҩռ䣬ҩڣ˼߳
ŵĺԼˣҲǵĵʵô
ʮֳɹ
˼ϸ˵Ĺܼҵмǰ˵˵ҶˣҲ˵Ǽҵһ󲡣ⱲӶҩǲӰܣֻҪҩѹƣȻ׸
û˼
˼죬벻߻һ˺θ֮ˣϧǸˣҪǸŮޣһͽܡ
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һҹĻָ沿ǵ˹ֻ·е⣬ôһָҪЩ˵ûоȵǿǧ򱶡
˼һʱס񣬽˵ƺһ㶼⡣
ѾµˣĸֲҲǾз磬ԭֲѪ
ҲģֲֻҪѹƺãͨҲûʲô𡣡
˼һȰְҩˣŰ
ڶ죬µ·ˣֻǳ˼Ľû߼ͽֻۣٴϽ̧ߡ
֮ǰ㽫Ҷ³ǵĻ
õɲǼ䣬ֹסҿ˼꣬ɹոЩͼıĳǳء
˼һζţܿҪԼĵˡ
λȥȺӳԺ뺮һɱɹԭ½ӭ׵ĺƽʱʵԼ롣
ļھһˮϯǳҹȫʿ֮ʣĽ
ºȫʿԭ۶нԭɹǿҲռһֱˡ
ȻҲСɹԭ˵綼ǻԣ˼¶Ժ󣬾Ǻɹ֮ʱ
һ£Ǿ͵۶ˣ㿪ģ
ȻģҺþöûмˣ֪ǵ״ˣ
ţʱһȥǡ
ų˼֡
ѩǰУ֮³صӡǣӡжʹʿǵ˼֮ж
-

288 ޵

һº󣬵۶ǰڵһʱ䣬ԾųУһӭʤĺһС
˼һſڵ۶յĻУʹķн
Եѩ׷꣬죬۶ǴѩƮɣĴ콫̤ѩش˺޶ӣϰҲ˵ģԽԽá
ʹУѱϯֻйݰ١
ϣ߸ҪʹǲԵеࣿ
ܣ޵ĻʺҪʶô壬޵Ļѹ뵱ϣʲôӣޱ˭˽⣬Ӯûλ
ϣ£ڸˮǻϣҲܽٿڹ֮С
һǰ㱻ϲΪ˻ʺ󣬻ҲӦֻһˡ
ⱲصĸϣȻҲҪΪϵ롣
ԺʮʶĵλԼӵеһУһ㣬᧿Σġ
ܣ˵˿뷨ԺҪУ޵Ļ˽⣬޻һӵʱ޾˽Ϊˡ
϶ܵһջ˵ʵڵģԣԸүȻԼα¡
Դ˻ϣĻΧҲͽڻʹȥĵطɣ֮ϣÿ춼дСС˵Լĺ磬ΪĻ϶ʱǻͳɼ
뵽Ͼ;ãµˣĲмϡ
˭񣬱ԼĻƭأĪ˵Ļ뵱ϣʱԸλ˵ˣҲǻ£ûɵĿֻ֣ԴԴϵ¡
ܿϵ˼Ҳа̾Ҳˡ
ϣѾڹˣ
ǵУܹæܽϵĻϹ
޵ּ⣬޵ȥ޵Ļ廹лɩ̧ʹ
ǡ
ܹ֣صĵ˵ͷͬεļ
ʤ̹ԭҲͳһٲþɹˡ
˿ڹƬ̵ĳ˼Ѵ˸߸ߵձñѩǶѻһ㡣
ĵ˼ȥѩǵһԵīīһĶʼɡ
дĸѽ
ϻȻ֪
ƳһīϾԽ̬֮
ǳ·磬Ǹǽ֮ڵĻʹްȤСߵ˼ǰпСùãҪؼҼﻹүү̡
ǺðɣҴС䡢һȻȥͻȥ
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˼εҡҡͷ֮ó·һΪҲܶҪǮСȫû˼ˣؼҺˣϾǶţ˼Ҳ
ܿ죬Ŵ汻˴򿪣߳ǲܹڲܹǻϵ
˼Ϊӭˣͽй֮
ܹһЦɣūԼѾڽǴþϯ͵ȼλȥأ
㲻˵
ܹͷһŸһɣ඼·ɲǼֹͣһ㣬ԺǲҪĺá
ܹź˼һƣֳīī˵˵ͷǶԼ˵Ǹ⡣
һų˼
ȻûīīķݣǶ࣬ͬڻһͬ衣

ǰĲܹͣº󣬳ŽǴһɤӡ
ܻţλһ쳤˲ſڿȥ
ȴһ°ɫĳۣЩսδ˧ʲôɣĺۼеֻǸӵĿ졣ԵĺǴһɫĳۣһվ׵ɲŮò֮š
μϣԸ꣡
վ׷׳Żй֮
˼˻ϵ࣬ͬʢװȻҲ˴ĵλ
ڰƽ
ϴһӣ
ȲĴԼλź󳼶ߣīīǱΧ
Щ˵ˣ£īī
˼ЩĶûʲô£ǿһֱԼλһˡ
ˣ˫Ѿ߰ףĺӺģǾĴ˰Σ˼˫һ죬ٱ˵Ļ

ŮŮʮ˱ԽԽÿϲˣΪȢԵŮ˵أ
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289 ӹٽ

Ů˱һֻǻţ˭û˵
еϯһֱϣ˺ȵڣ뿪ʹظҡ
˼ξδմǺīī˺ȵеߣ·Ҫ־ߡ
˼뺮󣬾ֱ
һʱصҺ󣬾ͷŵƽʣԺʰøһΪӭյŮŮ
ѾãһۣǲŹһ˿ԼŮദĻᡣ
·һ֪ԼıŮˣҲǷԸҹ£ҲҪ쵽֮ǰãҪԼ״ָ̬ԼŮ
˼ϣҲǴһͿʼ˴ɨԺӣ˪ɱæһ
ѩţĳǳ˲ٶյϢȻһжˮɵʱһЩҲӲ
ʱжˣЦңܾôˣ
ߴϰëֵԱ⡣
Ա׵ֵͬܣȻѪŨˮ˴ͲԸ
ȥƶԱԺգԱʹδԮְ֮һԼֵܣ࣬ԱףԼˮ
ȻȥݷŮǱԷĶ˻ˣԭδ࣬
ŮģΪѾԭνײȴ̧࣬߼۸񣬿Щ˻γԵʳ˰ӣ
á
Ȼ˭Ůأ
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磬˼뺮ฮ
·һԼŮæ˹ȥ˱ڻ￴ȻŮʮ˱䰡ֻӡ
ܿҪˡ
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·˷˻СŶ룬һ˼ͰԼĹ¶˳˼
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СȴȥҺ˵һ˵¡
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Ǻá
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ҲЩΪ޻̸ֱ֮˼ǣǲſʼѾߵĻ
ô¶ҾںıһУĿľðǴˮ֮С
Ҳôã˺úòһ顣
еİȥ¡
Ҳȥе飬ļٵʱ򣬹ͷĲܹ𼱻ǵĸฮ
ΪǴŻϵʥּһ˵ȳ֮£κȴǼӹٽʥּ
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մˡ
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ٴߵݡ
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290 

ܹʥּҲǿķǷĳ˹ءҿǺЩûɵʥּˡ
˵գܹͰʥּ˫ֵݸ˺պʥּӭŲܹȥܹȴ˰֡л⣬ڻҪعأϴߵĽҿɲڴ˵顣
͹ˡ
ǫ
ܹټԼмӣҲ̫߳Īͺ˲١
˺󣬲ܹϹֱӻ˹
ܹߺҲϲѳ˼۶۱ǵ
ԷʱһӵĲˣ˭ûθڡ
·ɨһˣֳų˼С˵СùãôԷҶˡ
Ϊ·ȻܵһӣڳûһӣȳԷ
˼̾һԵļһŹǷŵ󣬲Լͬľи˿ʼ˷
˷˵ļ룬Щĵ¶Ҳ𽥱׵Ժ
ܿ죬ϱ㿪ʼｻƱյ
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ү
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ѵ÷ϣг˼īԼţڳ·ˡ·硢᪼ˣ˼ʲôóԳʲô֮£ȻģȴҲ޿κΣξЩѵ˵ϡ
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ˣô͸йϵˣ
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˼ûд̰ͼ֮˾Ӧþ֮⣬ֻûƾʵݵ£ȥץˣҲԭ̬
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߿Ȼڷŭ֮УӶˣ֮ϲֻһˡ
˼һЦԹ˶һͨȻ¶Ҳһ¶ֻҪˣȻβˡ
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˼ֻǵ˵֡˱˰ա
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291 ΢˽

磬˼˶ĳָԼ˷ڣھԹ·͵ʱͻȻһЦ
ܴʲôÿ
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ô֪ЩҪǸˣ
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ϣ⻰ڱǰ˵һ˵ͳɣɲҪԡ
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뵽һ˵ԼҷķӦô޷ǸλѣΡ
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ߵǷ˵ǹ߸˵ϻ᲻жĥɱ¿
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ǰھˣõķΧ˾޴ı仯

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ֱܹ˲վԼλá
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£ǴûŮٽԣһĵӡ
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ϣҪģѧĻ΢ð
ʺһոտ˵һˣͷ壬˲
˵ʵڵģҲȥƣڻʹͷ쳤Ģˡ
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壬㰡Σ
ɣҪɽˮأûǹߡ
ų˼ֱ߳˽Ǵʺ
˼ãЦĿԼĻʺҪ㴹޻һʱ䣿
УȥȥҪ˻ϣ͸ϽλԼĶӣҲðĵĹ
ʺ˷ȴ˻ϣʺڻûأҪãǺӳ߰꣬ͿλˣȻ»ʽ໹ĻʱĻʺһˣգգ
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292 ￤

һҲζҪã֮жꡭɷҲ
һߣ˻ʥּĳ˼磬һƷھ˵뺮һ𣬳ŵ۶Աĺ￤н
ǵһҪ˱Ա⣬Ҳ׵ֵܡ
һͬеĻСԼ·磬һΪ˼뺮ڳ硣
Ҫ¾ͽɱһ˴Ҳôڼﰲ̥
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㰡вס;һ̥ޣҲǸвסĽɫ»ѹ̡ܽ
ų˼Ķһ˱һ
˼Ҳû˺飬ﲻ֪ķҪŮޣޡ
˵ŮǸϱӵһֿһ˵ĵǲ١
ϣ㻹ǶˣʲôʱѧЩ׾ԣһ㣬᲻ᱻ˴򣿡
˼úбҪѵһȺķǾԷЦ
һǻã˵Ҳı£ߣ˭Ҵˡ
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ں֮ʣ˼һ˺ļϣúе£ðβŻ
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ô㲻϶û㵽һɣ

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ȻСҵļԵúǣǿˣÿһѼǳ·Ӯó·ʱû£۾һѣһ䡣
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÷졣
СæΪ᪵һ衰ȵůůӡ
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СҪҲôǱ
·һ᪣ʱү᪴ӵˡ
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СҼ·һһİ죬ҲǲɵЦ
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ү֪û˵￤Ĺ¶
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ฮĹܼ˵ȥĺ￤Сʧ٣䴫ڹСȴ˵˿ʧ٣
ߣһǺ￤֪ߵĽⲻϱҪľǴ׬ǮСùõ˺￤һˡ
·սȭͷЩõİֻᷳҪһԲ׷Ź
ȻСȴ᪵Ļɡ
һʵϢɿһʲô¶ҲûУʱٳʲôӣҪеεġ
ǧȷܼ˵һԶݵĺӲˣרܵฮæ͹ܲЩ飬Ҫ￤Ҳ͸ݣֻҪȥ˺￤һжð죬˲ſա
ˣҲͷˡ
С䳤һ
￤۶ԶҲҪµʱ䡣
һһ·˳˸ѼѩµñȽϴ·ϵһЩʱ⣬ڵʮʱ򣬼˰ȫ˺￤
˼ûȥص֪֪ӴϢס˿ջúðһ
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293 

ӿջĳ˼׼뺮һȥ緹߳ջĴţͿŮΪһ֡
µŮ毺ãһӺݻһǮ˼ҵǧС㣬ŮӾԵýΪͨˡ
ⷢҼСȿϵģֺιͱأ
ߺС㣬С˭أأôûƼ
ŮߵѾһʢ˵ģŮߵѾߡ
ǶߵӣѾߣǰ߹󲻿ԣߵеͨ˼ҡ
Ůۼʧƣ˵һƾк˷Ůӣ˱Ťһ˵ѾҲֲٵĴ
УŮΪһЩ򲻹Ůӣһ䡰ҵԱ⣬Ů֪ңʲôĺ𣿡
ŮȴһҲںԱôҵ￤֪أܱҵ𣿡
ȻŮӴ˻һǵΧ۵ϰһЦ
֪˶Ʒ֥٣Աڵ۶кܶһƷԱģǿЦ

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Ůɿȴ𱨸һơ
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Ȼϲ˿佱Ǳİ˿佱лһ˿ų⡣
˼һЦͦԸǰĺ˵λҵֳֳ￤̸һ⣬ǡСϣҲԵˡ
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һڲ裬հѲյ£Աȴ¶һ
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磬Ա¡صϯΪ˼ӷϴ
ϣԱƱϹϾ˵¹ӡС㣬λԶСŮΪѣСŮʮĸѽ
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294 

ԱˣСǾž޵ŮӣʶҲǱӵĸ
ƱһЩ˵©졣
˷龰ڳ˼Уǽ˼һ亹
ҪĿ˰ⲻò飬Ҳ󶯸ɸ굽ôԶϷ
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磬ôСһأ
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ԱЦԸһ˵¹µˣСŮͻСֻҪ¹ϲСŮϼҲ޷
ѽ
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Աٴξٱͷţȳ¹ӸŮɻԺҲܴϳ¹Ҵ󴬣˷ˡ
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ԱæüŪۣվ첽ߵϸ¹ӣҷطЪϢɣ캮ض·ߡ
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ԼĶͷûвǱѨΪװԷӳԼݼ
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ţģһ񡣡
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˼ͷһпϵĹұʼʩչ
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295 

ǴûмԼʩչ˵ֶΣҲר־Ŀų˼һϵв
˼Ŀ࣬۾գգĶ
н䱸ǰһƬƽĺ棬ںеһҶ֮ϣųͣǰнˮкҶбж
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ۼʱˣ˼ζеĹұһһٵ𣬴ڿʼҲʲô㶼Ҫңֻзһн䱸ҲΪΡ
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е˵һ֡
˷龰ںֱɱлҪĿ
ĭȻͬʱԼݲѣ˿УһҪԼԼС
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Уҵô˵͢˰ǣһҡ
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ԱãȻЦ⣬˸²͸Ա⵽Щʲô
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Աһ仰ʵúԶԣĵֱһѽϧһͥһҲˡ
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֪Լпܱƭ֮ʮתȥɾʱ򣬴ӷ֮ϣ˼װˣԱİɡ
ʮǲЩ˵ģǻҪһЩʱ䣬Ͳ֪ܲӦԱǸϺˡ
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ʵϣԱҲ˼һûֻ˻š
λͿ๦ߣû뵽ϷֶҲһģʱǲϵǣǣڵ۶Ƕ˵￤ýֺͷ뵽λ϶ǺˡֻҪң͹ĲֺαϾӳ顣
˵գԱ֣⳯һ̣ʮͱһȺ廨Ĵ˽
ʮôҲ
ҧأڵĶرƳû뵽һһҵ̱
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296 Ŀ

Ȼ֪ǣΪλҪ¶ı׹ݣһȣͲųն𣿡
˫ĿĿԱ⡣
˿̣ĵ˾Ҳ֪ⶾضĺûӰ졣
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Աɴ˫ۣͣسѺʮİأأ
үѽ
һ˵һʵȴǵԱһס
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Աһ£İҵԺĴѲ飬ŪĻ̻̣ɹġ
ʵϣ˼УֻĿռ䲻ͬԱⲻҲš
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үҪô
˵Աһɱˡ
飬һ㣬˼ҪΪĲˣҽƽңҪɱңҽһúұġ
ʮǰûҲʲôңѾѱˣһζļԼĸλûˡ
֪뺮ѾȫˣԣҲҪܵԼȥ
ô˵㻹һôҲɱҽඣ
ԱãҪԼİûץס뺮ʱģҲʮôһʵģܲ˰ڲ
ǣǴʮ뿪ڹصҲֻԱһ֪
˿̣ҩռĺ˼ѾڵĶسų⡣
˼ͳķǱǹˮȻʱϳǱоҩɿĶࡣ
ôˣ
ҺܺãȵĲҶ࣬Կܲʩչ򣿡
˼溮ε󣬺ҲתƬ̺󣬺һѾˣֻǲ֪Աʲô㣬ⶾػ˺ǵĺӡ
ްֻһЩľҩ޺ģԱһʼҶºֻ֣ǺǽŴ㽫ڣֻ̫͹ǻһС
ǰҪҪȻɾˡ
Ŀ˼Ȼ뵽ʮԱϣҲһƬ
Ա᲻Ѿʮɱ˰ɣȻʮǱİɱȴֵһ㣬ʵڲڴ֮֡
ģʮûôɵԱ⣬ûץס֮ǰһʮųߵ㡣
˼϶ʮţͷҲͱȺ̹ȻĶࡣ
ҩռͷҹʱ򣬳˼ź뿪ҩռ䡣
ǽʱԱУʱҲȻԱС
ڵϹģĴǾġ
Ƿͷȥʮ
СһЩ
ţҲһ
˼ãֻҪٺԱĶûκεԼķ
룬˼Ժȥǳ֮Ժн
˴Űʱͷ
˼ĿͷѾûˡ
ֹûˣֵǮĶȫˣԱѾ·ˡ
߳ŭĿǰܲץԱ⣬ⲢҪҪǣʱϵԽãʮȫԽǵòϡ
ǰ˻ȥأڳ˼굽ʱһŵӰҰ
˼Ⱥһź㵽һӺ档
ǵӰ˿Ҳܻ䣬ͨȵϣһ߻һСֹҲǵģظĿתƵص𣿡
Ŀ
һ֣˼˫۾Ϳʼ⣬̤ЬٴȫѹѽһʼΪĴ𲻹ãû뵽ֻԱֽת˵ص㣬ֻڹˡ
ҲʶԼֶγ⣬Ա̫թ
ĵط˽ȥ󣬳˼뺮һЦβһ
ǴһӣƵĽȼߵһǰ
һ˫׵Сִһ۵մɹϣȻһŤܴԶҴ򿪣¶һڰôһռ䣬ȻǷһɫƤĿ
СĽ˳תҪߵʱ򣬺һǰ档
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297 Ŀ

СҪȥѽ

Ҳһ㶣ȴǷЦЦԽԽһˡ
㲻ôĿ
ġ
˼Ծ󣬴
ͬʱժϵƤߣ¶һס
˼ִͳһѶ̵ֱֱĳźĿλôȥνǵ
Ҳҵó˼չˣ˵ĹΪԼڳʱ䣬з
Ϊùȥɣ
һӣһƷ糯˵Сλÿٴȥ˵󣬵һѪŻ˳֮ڵҲû
˼ҲһҪȥĿȴ˼
ȻС˼ٰģôĿҲǼٵģǲҪĺãթ
ǺϷ·Ǳ壬һ㲻á
ɲǼ䣬ӿʮһȻԱ⡣
˼һЦѹôٴˣ͵Ϲأ
˼æĴյ˵ô
˵ٷУĹҲʮþȵġ
ܺã㣬Ӧÿβģֻܶ׼˹ָɡ
˼Ѹٽһݸ˺
˼ˣ˼һһѹĶŵܵˣԱЩΪ˼õģһССİǹ˺
ɱǡ
Աһ£һϡ
˼зһ֧֧˹ҵݵĳŰǵ˹ȥ
Ϊ˼ܹѵӵ׼ȷѾ֣Գ˼˵Ͳ࣬ҲǷǳġ
޶ͬ飬Աܹٶȣһа
ԱߵİһһĵزܶԱʶԼһֱѻʯ
㡭ǱҪǸҵ˻ɱǸʮİ
𣿿Ҫʧˡ
Ա뺮ػصʱʮ˺۵ʮʱ
Ա⿴Ѿȵʮڳݶе㺬ˡô
ˣֵܰ뿪ҵʱҾͷˣҲһ֣ЩӴȫȥ졣
ʮĿԼ͡
ʵʮԱİƴ߽Щնɱ
ʮ޷ʮ˺εʮһȣʮ˹
ҲǸʮӪԼӡ
Դ˿ĺܣʮ书ʮҪʮԱЩϣȥĿԶûС
ô죬ҪԸɣ
һʮ
ʮٺһЦȻ
Ա⿴Լƽʮ㣬㲻ɱңԭɷûֻѺǰκ˶ûʸɱҡ
ʮΪȻĳ嵶˵ͳԱĲӻȥ
ֻһʣһɺѪǴԱĲ
Աʹס˸˺Ĳӣ˵ʲô䣬ҲֻдѪ˭Ҳ˵ʲôľͷ˵Щʲô
һ̾ʹ䣬͸ŵζһ˾ʹĿܵ
ҵĿϣλҵĹ°ٿڵԸ⳥ҵǷµ˰񡣡
ĿԼƽ̹СϣֱֱĹڳ˼뺮ǰԱõʬ
ţ㵹ǱмʶļұͲˣҵأԺҲȫȨ㸺𣬼ǵãһҪʱ˰ǧҪĿˡ
ģлɱ֮Ҷַһˡ
ֹĳų˼뺮ͷվһǷԸҵķ̧ߣ˺۾
ǡ
ǽȥԱ̧˳ȥ
˼ߵߣΧתһȦȻЦˡСֶΣԭΪֻһգû뵽ڽҪͷۼĿΪĲǱסң໹ΪԼ˺ĳŵҵĲƲһ⣬ֻҪǸѪԵϵˣ˭ҲߣĸܱסˣԲԣ
ǣΪû˱Ҹ׳󣬳ʢ˥
ܺãϣԶסԼ˵ĻҪΥ³һҡ
̻壬Ϊҵĳ⣬Ҫٱ￤֪
Ȼ̧ͷе·ѾǸֻ۶ӵˡ
-

298 ʹ

˵ɣ
˼䣬ĿһЩں￤֪顣
￤֪˵˼Ҳһˡ
ԼһԼ
Լ𱣹ܵúܺãֻڵݸ˼ʱԵĲͺͷ¶һ
˼ںЩĿǰֻ뿴Լ涼дʲôݡ
˼ӹԼɨһֱۣӽԼڵϡ
Ա⵱ǵ죬Ȼ֪ͬЩӲ飬ǽ￤СûкӵĹ¹Ѱգıȡǿɶ񣬿ɶѽ
Լ֪ԱķԼⶨ֣Ҫ˭Ҷֹֻ̣
дĵʮϸȴ˲ܡ
ԼҲŭ
תͷʮ˵ɸһ飬ûϰһʥּժ˺￤֪ɴñôͷͰԭԱѾˣû׷Σֻǡ
˵ţζĿһ
ҵûвɣ
ûв룬ǶԴȴ֪ģȰҪȱµ⣬Ҹ֮ʣ֪ȴңǱӦˡ
۽ǣͷ¼ˣҪǺҪ׷֪鲻ΣҲӡ
֪鲻һȣͷһһЩС𣿡
ܣлɱ֮
һϣĿҲʱ鲻ԽĹлʴȡ
˰֣ų˼ߡ
ҹˣȥ˯ɣʣµٽ
˼ǰţߵ⣬ĳŶ˵ߡ
ȵټʣһ˵ʱ𳨿Ц㿴ûУŮҲܴ⣬һһʢͿŰɣһñã𾴡
ͳ˼ص˿ջ۵ĹǺһճͷ˾ͺܿ˯˹ȥ
磬Ǹ˼һȺϴˮź˼𴲡
˼󣬴Ӻнӹһڵë˲ֽСַŽϴϴǺȻ뵽ʲô̧ͷ˵ʮôˣ
˵ģѾпˣһЩƤͺˡ
Уһȥ
˼ֻʮ˵úأĿһߵˡ
޷ֹԼҲֻų˼һͬȥʮ
˴һǰһĽʮķ䡣
˿̵ʮڴϣһԻвʱʮϣʮҩ
μ
Ǹˣ˼뺮ǰæҪݡ
һӡض񡣡
ɫ԰׵ʮҲҪȴǱ˼
˼ͷȥСʮϸ¼飿
СѾüˣʮֻƤʧѪֻ࣬ҪΣյ飬ЩٺţҪһ¾µˡ
ţǾˡ
˼˵һЩ׻ֶһʮҪʲôˣֻӾͳɡ
˴ʮ뿪˿ջ
С䡢·硢ԼңĸˣһܳȥԺˣͲó˼ġ
ֱȥǺ￤֪𣿡
ȥʲôȥҪں￤͸ø￤֪飬ҪŻжᡣ
ǺҲˣ
ʮʲôʱôˣЭҺܲǰñǮٰѺ
˳ᢣС޶ˡ
ʮ˳ǣֲҵƺ췢飬ԭд㡣
㿴ǱкóԵģȥơ
ʮǽĿȺﲻĽֵԡ
˼ӣһŵζӣбӸԵġ
Խӡ
ţʲô㡣
˵ţ˵Цĳӵķȥ
ʮʱеͷˡǲҪȥ羰𣿡
Ա۾
û
˼ȴǳ˳˵ô̭˼ңʮĵΪհһȻе㲻Ӧ
֪ЩС˵ˣԶҪ
ų˼ӵ̯λԣϰк
λҪģġǸԺյĽӣ
һһݡ
ϣλԵȣϾͺá
ϰͷһؼ˺ˬĿˣԸҲ
-

299 ƭ˵Ĺ

˼һվ̯λ֮ʮ˾ֱͦͦվлһѳڴ˺һԽӵ˶ҿ
̫ҡңܲԼķţʮŰɣˣҲҪԷġ
ʮҲԡ

ʮָԼû뵽һԡ
Դȴûʲôɫʮ˹ָһû˵˵Ǳߡ
ǡ
ʮûж룬һԷһЩýš
˼ֽ˫ݵֱӸʮϡ
ʵӶǰģֻ䣬ԵʱеҪȡ
ඣ
ڳ˼ȵģúϰ͸˼ȶϡ
˼ӣһͽ㡢Ͷ塢Уν˼ζ
󣬳˼ּζӣÿһֶԼɫζҲǼá
Ա󣬳˼һãԺ̬֮
ãھǿԼԷһܡ
˳緹˼򵱵صİմں￤ʲôȥ
ʵһλ˵ĴʱΪŵĿ˵Ǻ￤ĵɽɽϹƻԵʮ顣ɽʮƯľɫÿ춼и·ɧͻڴ̸˵ءҪǶˣժҰ伢ҲоƼҿջ֮ȥǿʲšţһ۸
˵ɽţĴӡ
˼ĶˣҲҪȥһɽ
ʮһԼ䵱𳵷ź˼ɽȥ
ĳ˼δͷһλǾźһЩ顣
ǡǡҲ֪һֱӣĿǰ˵ϰĿеɣżߵഫǰһλŮӣһ־ҽһ׬Ǯĺֻ֡һεɽҩĹУ¶󣬼˲δҵʬļ޹;У·ֻˣ˶ΪǷ˵ĻԴ䲻ΪƸ֮ҲǺ
ԭˣǸŮӡ
˼Ĺ£ͻȻָоﲻԾ
ֺЦϳʮҲЦ
ðƭҡ
˼־ҪĶ䣬۽ǵƳ⣬ʾ˼ҪԼǰܡ
˼Ǹþյˣʶһº˧˵ﵽʲôɣܲܰѻ˵
ֻ׫һɣпޣԭأɽʢȸȸһʮ࣬Ϊ˲˲ɱȸͱôһ£ҲǵڸָĹС
ϳʮ˵Ľ
˼󣬶پʧΪĴأ
ӽͣɽɽ¡
˼ںĲУ
Щһֱѩѱããѩԭǣڱѩ磬ʹÿһطÿ
˼̧ͷһ۸߲ʵɽȴмݺµĳݣɽԵɽɽ忴һſķˣΰ׳
Ҫɽ𣿡
ˣʯȫѩΣգڸҸջס£ѩɽ
˼Ϊһִˣ֪еġ
ڴѩ¥ݣһֵ飬˺˵ָ׼ˤһзϡ
Ǹ˴˵ģɽʲôС
뿪ǰһξ룬ڴ˴һ˿ܼС
ССһȴҲԵñȺ￤Ҫ֡
˼ѡһұȽƫٵĿջҪͼ
˿ջСæкλסʲô
Ϻõż䡣
ϣλ롣
Сӭ¥һߣһ߽ܵλİɣǿջסˣһͣԷҪһЩλܷܡ
ֻҪþС
ĻӦ
Сͷλģ֤һжõġ
˼뺮סԼķ䣬ʮ˵ĸڣԽݺ󣬳˼ͿʼĲ֡
ͨɾͺá
Ҫǲϲٻһҡ
ˣҰɣ
˼Ǹ޵ˣ˵캮ضģ˼Ҳףλˣˣ˭˭ʹࡣ
Сһ˳˼סķš͹٣ΪǶˮҪҪ½ţ
ãɣ
˼Ӧ
СƿţһװˮľͰһոµľ˷
-

300 ˳

Сδߣϻһ˲ıӡ
˼ɨһۣǲףôһˡ
ҵƲ˶óǮ⡣
ãλ͹Եȣ˺ú󣬻Ƽݵһ¥òͣ˯ĵطʺòͣ뼸λܹ½⡣
Сǫ
˼Ҳף֮أض¾ˮ֭ϢӰ쵽ջסġ
˼ʾĵ˵ͷСһϲѵ֪ĿˣҲǿջĸˡ
Сߺ󣬺ľͰˮΪ˼Ьݽš
˼۾ˮѾůϮȫĸо
Ǹϸµˣ֪ѧŵķӣΪ˼۵Ľƴ˲ٻ⡣
ڳ˼Ҫ˯ŵʱһ죬ú˼볯Ŵλÿȥ
վߵ߽򿪣ɽһֻɫŸ롣
°Ÿϵź󣬵һ㽫Ÿˡ
˭ķɸ봫飬涼дʲô
˼̲סʵ
һϵݣתֽ˳˼С
ԱЧӦдģ˵ԴԱԵ۶ΪģеƷ۸ѻָǰļ۸񡣡
ߣȫǲײĲᣬҲ㲻ˡ
˼źְŻ˺
Ľȼų˼һ죬ٴα졣
λˣˡ
ã
ǵСԷ˼һ֫ɺű¥
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˼һӣ԰ɣôҲԲꡣ
˼һ£ʮ͸һһȣһӣ̻
˼ž˳Եĺúͣϲ˵ĵСв죬Ȼ֮ǲܱȵģӻٲȻһʮµӡ
СںòҪȥջͻȻһš
ţм̫г˽
ƹڲڣÿҿջĥĥٲֱӰǵĿջˡ
ǣٲһѻҲˡ

СŵֱӽķŸϣĿλ˵λӴĲã˳˺￤֪ƽں￤ÿҪձѣٵһһǧǵƹǺ¼Ⲩˣ˳Ӹҿ꣬ڴǮǹܣһҵݲ¿¶סˡ
Сˣ˼ȴһͨЦ
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С˼һ
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СŸһ¥ȥһţСֻһûٿõԼŵģǸҲǸүλݶȻ󡣡
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С֪˵ݺŵֱӹ˵ϡ
ģΪսҽݰ˱ջջѽ
Сٷм䣬ŵķŸ˴һ߿ʹõС⧲ˤڵء
ʮʹ˸ɫʮһӣ˵Сǰ
˭ҵү·ǲ𣿡
ߣģûмôģ
ʮγ嵶Ҫ⼸һͨƴ
Ϊ׵ǸֵĴ󺺣ʮ嵶˳˰ʾҪʮԴҡ
ʮٶ㿪һű˴󺺵ĶƤ
󺺺˼ǰʮųٳŴ󺺳ȥ˴󺺵ࡣ
һУ˫۵ɵԲԼһ͵ϡ
˼ˣѾӾܣʮմѪĳڼǰʵһ˳𣬽˳£˿ߡ
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ָһòİУ˫ֱͷɥѽҴǺ￤ֻ֪Ҫ㲻ɱңҪǮС
ˣǿˡ
ʮЩɵһ֣˱ȥ
ڱ˳𣬿ɾûôõˡ
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˳ۼԼĸܵܣʣԼһ˹¾սʱĵһӱ¶˳
ʮûд˳𣬶תһ񡰺ɱɱ
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301 ʮĳ嶯

ɱһСˡ
˵ʵĿ˶Ķһֱ˳ġ
ʮΪĸ࣬ܲ׺˼
ҼҺ˵ɱ㡣
ǺߵλǺˡ
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ʮ˳ͳҼҵָģ
ɱҡ
˳µĻʮλǰԷˣĶŵġ
ߣȻôͱѧ˵ǿˡ
ʮ̲ס̵
ٵȥ˶ҪˣǾͻʾʮ£Է
ʮԼλʱָߵߵ˵Ĵ󲮣ҲǺ￤֪źܿʥּǰȥ֨һ̬ûеճĵز콫ӰѹեǮ˻ȥ粻Ȼʥּһڡ
ҵĴ󲮾Ҫ𣿡
˳꺮ĻϾԺ̬֮ɫЦˡ
Ҳô˵
˰֣˳ȻڷﲻߣֻóʮСʣµľͽˡ
ǣ
ʮӣߵ˳ĸǰ˳ĲӾߡСӣ㶼ߣǲɵˡ
䳹װСԸӰǸ󺺵ʬһ¡
ǡҪǸ˷ˣٲҪҴȥ󡣡
ʲôǱİɱģ¶ֻܽƵϡߣ￤֪ܿҪˣֺαؾš
ҲǣСľûǰ˱ȽϺãҹζࡣ
㻹ȥ

СӦһܳȥҳӡ
˼θڲżѪʲôҲԲȥ
Ъˣԡ
һط
ԼҪߣȻǸһߣһ˳Է
磬￤֪𴲣ž͸õ졣
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ｫ˵꣬һĹĵĴ˽
￤֪Ա⵱һ֮ѽɱǺ뺮ɱˣ֪ҲɱҵӣǲҲȥˡ
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ʮ֪ʥּûҲû뵽֪ߵһΪ˺İΣֻºˡ
𣬱
ʮԼƽȴҲ޿κΡ
ʮ𳤵Ӷ֮¾Ǵһ磬жûüʮĵ֮¡
˳ǸʵˣԣѾӾҪܡ
ʮתеĳ˳ȥǰܵ˳𰡵һ˵ϡ
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ʰʮ˹ٴλصɽȥ뺮ϡ
ͬʱʮҲԼɱ˳һ½˳
ʮѽ̫嶯ˣһϲɱȴ汾ɱ⣬ϲ⣬ǳϵĴǿ϶Ҫ˷ˡ
-

302 ̽һ

ȱ𼱣Ϳϵʥּô˵ˡ
˼Ҳû뵽ʮȫΪİΣų²ߡ
ҲûеúʮԾʮںǰ˵û
ʮһмһҲɱ˳˾ҰݣһԳɾȻ˷ˡ
¾ʹ˹ȥɽĻѩڻҲ
˼ܵɽȥһеˡ
ĳ˼ţͻؽһɽΡ
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304 罨Ժ

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305 ฮʧ

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һ⣬˼ȻЦˡλòã˭Һӿţһƽ𣬿̽ʮƽԴƣҪǿ״ԪһĶլǧƽ𡣡
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306 ̫

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޾Ƕҩ
˸㼺˼ֻǲͣҡͷ˵ʮҲûܲ³ȷĴ𰸡
ֵ˼˵ʱ򣬳˼ǲ˵֣Ǹ˸֣¼ǡ
Ϊ¼ǣ¶ܼ¼ˡȵȡ
ôĶڿʲô𣿡
ϾӣǼʲôֵüΪ˷ܡ
ͬģҲ治ѣǺͻһų˼ʩչ
˼ҵ飬һƿˮڽǴһһ¼ǡ
ţִóһĺڰӣҲ֪ʲôͦµġ
Ȼȴãڰڳ˼ҩռ￴ĵӻ֮ͬ
ϣϣȻ
á
˳˼ĻæͰճ˼˵ˡ
Ȼٴߵ˼ʱ˼ϵĺڰӣͻȻһɫĻ渡ںϵǰ
ģǴ̸۵ݡǵǵΣ·綼װ˽ȥ
̫˼ˣⶫȻܹ¼ȥ顣
һ˼ϵĺڰӲͣط
-

308 

˼ҲֻͣС֡ϣⶫΣգвͻᱬը
˵գֿٽǿڰӻ˳˼
ɩȻôΣգǲҪõĺá
˼ӯӯһЦ޷þû¡
Լ˵ҲǸһΪⶫĻᱬըлڣԼˡ
ʵڰӾһʾֻҪڻգôױը
󣬳˼һſŦ۴Сļ¼ǣڻʹĸطװȥ
Ĺʹ˼֡
˿̣ǹŮУǴϳͲ˰գ˼öһ
깬е飬˼뺮ص˺
Ͳװ˰ɣ˭͵Ķˡ
װҵǮ󲿷ֶͷҵΪǵĹͬƲ˵ˣ˶͵ˣο
˼һټ֣Ҳ˿ڡ
˼ãԼķİżߵţҲʧʱ˭ܱ֤!
װü¼ǣ˼뺮ص¥
Сͱҽһʶ˵ϣ˼ЩȵĲȣʱûʳ
ʺϵľǳԳˣΪ˻û꣬Ѿˡ
Ȼ¥ԶѲ˶˹ʵס
ԣ˼Ҳûн˵ʲô
Сͱߺ󣬳˼ź֣ǵҩռԡ
á
վֵıȳ˼ҪȣͺķԲԶС
˼Ȼãķ뿴ˣǹȤɣǶǸСӿģǽȥǳԷǿЩĵĶ
극ٿҲһġ
ЦĿų˼ɵ׶԰СѲࡣ
˼ַˣֻоԼһɵˡ
Σ˼ֻܵͷӦ¡
󣬳˼ϵĲҲȫҩռ䣬һƣΪ˼ҪСһٱµ緹أȴǽ軨׷
Щ˷ŵԣʲôͬ
Ȼͬˣ㿴ʲôҪЩȫڹ
˼ָָһոµĵ˵
δصĹͨ⻬вֵֹİť棬һƶĹйǣȻģǾ¡
ʲô֡
ġ
˵ţ˼Ͱ˿أȻעˮϣˮ󣬳˼ͰЩɽ亣ζһԵĵ˽ȥ
ٴ󿪺󣬳˼ʱĸ͵
һ齴͵һ͵м󣬳˼ݸһ˫ӣߴٵ԰ɣٲԣĲ˾Ͳóˡ
ͷһķԷĵǣ˷ֻ
һõĶѧų˼Ĳ͵պպ͵¶ȸոպãһҧ֭ʱǻ
ţóԡ
ּĲˣպ齴
齴Ŀζƫ嵭ЩζҲܲ
극˱ɳһ˵ӡ
˼еˣҪϴװԼִԱλ˻Ϲ
ֻϧִԣѾҲزȥˡ
ڿ԰èʱᷢˬʵЦһӡ
˼ͿˣżźЦһЦſţ㷸
ļʱˡ
һ̺Ӹϣһůʵôˣ
ⶫ̫ʵǿЦſģû˼ˡֻèϲһֻèèϲǮèҵİһܰԼŮ͵ʹ߼޸ǮˣֻҪ뵽Щû¿ˡ
ǰ˶һŵԣǧС㣬Էһ͵ͬɱһС
˼ãúҩռ䣬˾Ҫ˸бˡ
ź֣һص¥
ʱ˵ķŸ˼£˼ɣ
С˴˽ϴЩ֮ɫ
СҲ˵˼̲סʵôˣǲˣ
С俪ˣ˵ṩͨ˵˾ˡ
ʲô
˼С
Сһ˵˵һֻ͵ҵǮҿûǮ͵Ҳû͵ߣǻǴһȡ
ǲ͵ô͵Ǯ
ǰҲɻ󣬵Ҳܺ£Ϊ֮ǰ˵ǻŴġ
-

309 ͵Ǯ

С䣬㲻˵о񲡰ɣ
ţǡҿ˵ʱƮܵ˾šΪһˣ仹ǵ࣬˵ֲεĻǾʲôĵһɣһڶв
ԼСʲӾ񲡣ҲǺ
ʲôǾ񲡣
غ񲡾Ƿӵ˼ڴķӣ˾ͺ˾ʹˡ
СŲ̫ĻΪ͵
۾΢УǾС񲡡
ôܣ˾֮ˣôǾ񲡣
ǰҲáû˵ʲôʲô

СӶһ
˼ӹϸϸ£Ǯ˼ҵ
˵ǴӻǲժģȻˣһ㶫
С˵
˼Ѳ۶ǣȻͨ͵Ǯƣ
˼˼š
Ҳ÷˼ܰɣ͵⶯ʮײУô˵
ֻҪǴСĶѪͻͨһ˿Եġ
˼ʲôѧңͬѵȮ
̻ͨһһ飬Ҫ׼öﰮԵĶȻʾöȥĺˣͽһԵġ
ȥͻϰߡ
ЩҲûмʡ
ǳ˼֪¶жһݲ¼ɡ
ϣ˼ʾʼʹеĸ䣬ûһһֵĽʾд˳
Ҳʱս˶䣬Ȼǻǡ
ţ˼ϵĵת棬һƫ߰˸Ļǡ
ñƫͷʲô˼һҲĻʹٻᶪΪֵǮĶرأȻԷֶͨΣҲõһ
ں͵һƿ
ָֻܵǽǵĻǣСһǲСֱӽһûƽĻƿϰ
ȻļǷ׷æŻƽƿ߱ڡ
ֱǳ˹һָֻƽ
һУ˼ͺԵһЩٲȻǴСѵģĿľ͵Ǯ
¶ô
ΪץסĻָʹߣʲôҪ
ֻн˴ס´󼪡
˼ϸϸһ룬һµ뷨Ժ
˵᲻ɹˣЩǣԭǮȫ͵⣬ԼòѴ֮˿ԭĹš
ӦòᣬҪˣʮȥǮׯϢӦɹ౳ȥġˣֻһֿܣǵ۶ʿҶԻʹ󳼵ĸۡΪϤ
˿ܾǳеĴ󳼻־ߡ
˼룬ΪˣԼϻ˯š
¶ø֪磬汾һȥ˻ʹһ۴¡
š
˼Ӧº󣬾ͽ·λ
磬˼ѡˣȽˣٺú˯
Ŷ
˼һսԲĶӣͻȻе㺦ԼӣûʵҽԴˡ
ƽʱ˿ģֵԼˣʼֻˡ
Լ磬Ǵǰеôˡ
ҷʱ㲻ҪҽŰɣ
ҽʲôҪҾҹеŮ̫ҽ
лŮ̫ҽǰôû˵
Ϣĳ˼һռļ䡣
Ů̫ҽͲÿ־ˣϾַ޷ַȵģɲΪӣٰԼȥ
ҪĿԼĺӳ󣬻ҪͷϣϥͬҲû
һ۾Ϳ˳˼˼Цĺˣ򵥵飬̫ҽ¶ˣǸˡ
˭˵Ӽˣԡ
˼뵽Լ¶̲ס
ãǻ˲ǰ֢
ЦŽ˼ϡ߰ɣӱᣬӱʮС
˼úĻ⣬ţͻȻ뵽Լһ޵ʱ͸ס
žãԼ޵̫ɴˡ
ղ˵ʲô˵һ顣
˼һסĶ䣬û˿ţʱӣʱʲôģǸƣͱڡ
𼤶Ķ̥
۵죬ȴҲһ¡
˼˼ºĶ䣬ͻȻеôԴ
㲻Ұɣ
˼ɿ֡
ЦЦôС
-

310 

緹˼ǰʹ֮С
ѡ˳֮Ӽˣֻǽ죬ϵã˼֪֮ԿģΪжһЩصȻֻǣûжʧ
˼ڻʹУܹ¼ļ¼ǣˣϵźõġ
ɩˣھ͵ſ¼ʲôˣܵ޵Ļʹԡ
˼ʾϿ˼ֻ͵ƽƿĻ棬Ͽֱôܣ޵۾ûлɣ
ϣ۾ûлⶼģҸɣѵЩ͵Ļʹͷ
ȷͷҪǰԭÿ˶͵һ飬ԭҪˡ
뵽־ǲɹģ
ɹӦòܣԭıǿᣬһģǱ·죬ҲԭȻҲȫȫųɹϾʲô¶һ⡣
ǼȻɹ˭
˳˼Ļֱ̾Ϣ
һΪ޿κεӣ˼ǰ˵ץסЩǣ˵ҵĻʹֻǻܹƽΪд󳼣ҲҪԭնʾڡ
ãɩԣ¾ͽɩˣҲм졣
ϰ˰֣ʾ˼뺮㣬ԼڹŮͬ£ȥ޹˯ˡ
ߺ󣬺ҲǸ̾ϢСӵãԼȥ˯æǰæ󡣡
㲻ͦ𣿻ǣ֤žԵĵλǡǡҲùԶǡǡ
ţм⡣
һЦԼߡ
ߵſڵʱ򣬳˼ܾһ·϶˫۾ڶԼ
ÿÿͷȥʲôҲûС
ôˣ
йûڰжǣ
߳Ǵʼ͸оˣƴ˵λߡ
˵ģɵĻ˼ԽԽԺͺķѾ֪˭һ
˭վߣֻҪסͲܷŹ
˼߬ȭͷǺһԼҶǮơ
ͷ󣬸ϳʮͻȻһգฮķȥ
˼˵ҲЩûмˣ෴ķ򼲳ۣҲû̫⡣
ܿ죬ͣฮǰ
ĹܼҴһƣȻǺͺæŶ˹
˼ٷסܼҡ˼񣬲֪ڲڣ¡
ڵģڵģλ롣
ܼǸǸ͵үүͷ˴ף˿Ͱס
ฮҲ˵˹ͣеͳӭӡ
ʱ˼ͺѾߵԺѩȻͣˣѩûлฮĻѩҲǸмһ׿Сѩ٣ֻ漫Ϊ⻬
˼֪ΰͣĿѩ컯·
ֻû뵽һҹѩֽ˱
㡣
СĲų˼
ײһһײ˳˼Ķӡ
Ϊ˲Ȼŭˣô·ððʧʧġ
ЦʵǶԲסⷿӵƾսǴе㰭ۣѾڴǺײԷġ
ˣ˼ֲǹġ
˼һѺúҪټƽϴ¡
һ󣬱ķ졣
Ѿ߸˲裬˺ͷĿˣ
ʱûУˣôĵ
ӵܣġ
غ¹ٸ⹺һױԺڣ¹ٵĶ徻¹ÿҪϴһЩϵ⣬ڵ߶߶ʵе㡣
⻰˼뵽
ɲĵӣĵﵣļסһ𣬻Ӱ쵽;ԲŰߵġ
£Ļ¶𣿡
뵽һ档
Цǣ¹ٰѴ¶С¶ëƤ¶з࣬С¶ͼëƤ¶¹ٸദֻΪʧԣ˲ˣ¹һ˴
ߣϵģǻ
ŵòٶԡ
ͨ¶˼ǲһ˿è塣
ֲҲεԭ򣬸ǲΪͷʧģǹװΣһ˰ϴ¡
˵ˣôһ׬ǮŮҲΪôһǮεġ
ȥҲĸ棬˼ٷûԣأʲôװŵ춼˯þ
-

311 ѩ

ѾҲ˵ʲô
һڲ裬յº󣬲ͷԵ۶λ󳼺Աʧһ£ʲô
¹پãѵһѻǣǳԡ
һѪĽԭί˵˳
ĵ˵ͷҪȺܶ˶ѣһʹץǣ֪û¡
УֻҪץסĻʹȻ¹ٷǣ¹Ҳǡ
ңˣûмֵˣڳΪҪľԼͷ
Ƴһۣͷǡѵǡ
Ҳˣʹظæɣ
ҪһԸ緹
վˡ
ȥ˼˼ӯӯһЦͬ
˼ҪԷˣȻøԼ
Ǻã˾ͳɣ鷳
鷳鷳
˵ţͽѾߺԼһȥˡ
˼ЩΣЩ¶ȫԽģΪҲǲġ
ΪȷʵûҪ˵ˣ̸۵㣬Ҳʡ
ߺ󣬳˼͸ฮĴתƣһΪƫƧԺӣԺһ÷
÷һСƻʹԺޱȡ
ժ÷˵ܸȺǼӼӲ͡
ڴʲô⣬ܷ߱
¶
˼ݸһЦ˿ڻȪı˰
ԣֻú쬵ġ
˽⣬ʱûʲôһЦǾҪġ
ǻǣֻԸЩǲҪĺá
˴֣żһ㣬ֱԾ÷
˼վ£ָһ֦ï÷֦˵ҪǸ
ûһһժֻһתһӤֱ۴ϸ֦Ǳɵ۶ϡ
֦˳˼ǰôǲǺ
ţĺţô͡
һȴӵƬɭ֣ɵֱ𣿡
˼СԴתժ˼÷˳˼ͷϡ
ÿ𣿡
ţÿǺÿе˵׵ýš
Ц
˼һƳԴУҲһ·µºӣҪһο̹ĵļ֮·С
˵ýţΪиãҲƴĳԶġ
˼һºļ
٩ûеʱƺԶҲƴ
أҿ첻Ϸӽߡ
˼ӣǵû㣬ĽԼĶչȥ
˼š˼ȦֱѺĶ䶼ŤˣŰ֡Ժ󻹶ˣ
ˡ
æסԼ˼š۵Ķ䡣
ɵǣһĻպø˻мѾײ
ѾǵЦ˼ͺͬһʱת
ɵ㶵ԭأϻĻ㣬ԱߵļѾҲض飬ֻ˶˵ǵɴ۾ǡ
⻹ǸŷɥĺȻԼ䡣
͵ڽĹģǲǰŷ˺ţ
غǰ̨׶ֽ࣬˱ϾѾˤӣֻҪѩĳһ㶼Ǻš
˵꣬㽫㽻һѾߣԸóĳӺ纮뺮ڴò͡
ǡ
Ѿǣź˼΢΢ǷǷ֮ͳųȥ
ʣ˼ʱҪ뺮塣
¡ǺãǾ漸̡
ţصȥˣ˼еģڼλѾߵͬ£ѩѩˡ
֪磬ȻԼѾüʱûˣǷӣһȥˡ
ߵԺʱԺѾΧˣһȻӡ
ɣȻѩһһ
Ϲ˵ⲻǹһ޺š

Ѿ۲ͣΨг˼ע⵽˺ĵ

˼һɤӣǷ׷˱ܡ
˶ˣǿ˱Χ۵
֮ߣԴצֻǻԲмֺ̬֮С
㿴㣬ӶʪˣһȾ˷纮ô죿
һԼͬʱĵĻԼӡ
æѾߣȥ˼׼ɾ·
˼ЦûûΡû¶ŶˣһּƵޣöౣһЩʱգ˵׼ܷһʺأ
-

312 ΰ

ԣΪĽ룬ȥɾ·ɣ
Ȱ
˼ӦһڼѾߵͬȥ˿ͷ
ʱѾѾɾ·õ˿ͷ
·ṩЩѾߴģȻʽ˵㣬ȴҲů͡
ţ°ɣԼ
˼һҲûУʹฮÿѾ߶ʵϲλ
˼·մӿͷͱȥ׼緹
һ۷ʢ緹ͻȻ뵽ʱ򪣬ʡĻأ
мǵǣǲ㳢
˼ݹȥһף˼м纮ɵ̿ˮ
㲻һֻץס
˼Ҩһ볢һڣ֭һ֮Ⱦţ
ٳʨͷ⡣
һ˼Ҹ飬ͣΪ˼ܣĵ˺óԡ
ʲôԼЦ绨ɫʱ򣬾е㲻ˡ
ˣҲ԰ɣ˵ô໰Ĳ˶ˡ
ɷ羰һ仰
һЦǣ¹ͳԡ
˼İһۺԵӴףͣҲΪϵĲȵġ
Ȼ⻰˼ʼûеź˵
극Լʱ䣬ʹų˼뿪ฮ
Ƶʮǰ
Ҫʱ򣬺һ۱˼ժװһڴ÷˵÷ʲôĶҩɲ˵÷ҩֻ˽÷ɹݲ衢㡣
ѽӵǰԵļȥ֤ǳˣ˯ϸһһҹ
˼ӯӯһЦȻ֮ǰڷϵĲ˾⡣
Ȼվѩｫ˼ϱ
йʱСͱң˵ˣæȲ衢ϴˮ
ЩֱӽΪͳ˼׼Ȳ衢ˮ͵˵ķ䡣
ݽţý䡣
ѱҶˮƵ˳˼Ľűߡ
˼е㿹ܺΪϴţоϣȷʵЩ΢ˡ
Σ˼УЬЩѣֻԼķˡ
ϴŽŵĹ򣬺ִ˻ߵ˼ĸǰûϲ֣Ƕӳˣֱӽ֡
֡ȡǲе簡
˼˳ǣĵԼķδҲ̫ܲˡ
磬ȡԺбҲ㡣
˵Լһۣų˼飬ָѾëȦļ˵㿴Sô˫ȫǵıӦ
ãSֶӹŵӹͬ
˼ֱӾܾ˺ѡ֡
óķںΪǵĺˣֻ֣֮ȡһֵ֣ԣ˼Ҳǡ
ҪֺˣϣĺϵĺˮһԴԴϡ
˼°˵
ϡϡɣ游ͽϣԲ
Ǿ֣ϣη壬һԼء
˼˵
ţǸ֣Ǿͽˡ
ĵ˵ͷպú󣬾Ѿ߰ѷе̿
ʱֿģڷë֣˼ֻϷ
ò˵ڹŴһʵģִȥֳָ֡Ϸ
ţ˼ͻȻ͸ǵĴͻûһµĴվ
æеëʣߵ˼߹еǲǴ÷ˣȥһߡ
Ǳˣͦһӣɲѩﵽߣ˵ϻ¶Ҫأ
˼˵˺ԴȤ˵Ǿ͸һ𵽳䣬Ҫʲô㡣
š
˼ĸ첲߳˷䡣
ܿ죬˾͵˳䣬˼ฮժ÷ϴɾ󣬷ŵϽ
Ϊ˼Ҫ÷죬Ȼٵɸ㣬û뵽ǣĻˣ÷ˮ
˼ðˮѽ
Ҳǰȥšζܵôˡ
֪ˣֻǼ򵥵ļӹ
˼һӣţˮһϴɾĹһ󻹲һ߽ӡ
һֱԼߣֱ˼ˮҪɵʱһΰ͵Ķ˹
ʧɫô
-

313 Ϲ

Ǵ÷ȡĻͣ;ͣУ̾ͳЩ塣
˼ܽ򵥵ķ˵
ֻʳ˼ҪʲӾʲô
˼Цѳ׸ľʢŵһСк󣬳˼Сݵ˺ǰ
һţһ÷װ
ţ㣬÷Ҫ㡣
ų˼޲ڡ
˼˳ӣһֻʻļȻӹٶ࣬Źͷһ硣
˼飬νѵ˳ӡ
û취ֻʱǽһֻŹͷļࡣ
֮󣬳˼мۺͼ壬һС÷壬˼С˵һС㣬ٷŵ켴ɡ
ˣ˿Գ𣿡
м˲ܳԣǵġ
˼Ĵ˺Ըͷ
󣬳˼Ѱ˼û㣬ӵҩ
ʣµĹ˼ȫȨ˳ӣ˼ķԸһ˿Ҳҵ˸
˼뺮뿪˳󣬳˼ҿ˿ûڸʱźһҩռ䡣
˼˴Ŀ˯ߵҩҩռֱӵ˷ĩװһƿС
ĿԼȻҪεΪʲôֱһֻļϷЩҩۡ
УأҼ÷壬ҲģʵڵĻûΪʳûжĿҲΪ˻Щҩ۲ǹؼ
˼һͣˣסֽкá
ʲôʲôᣬñеĽˡ
߰ɣ
˼źҩռ䣬ֱ䡣
ʱĳѾˣ˼ֳʱ򣬽ҩ۾ȵÿһϡ
æ꣬˼ˡˣھ͵Ͻץˡ
Ѿȫǽ䱸Դ۶Ա⡢̶ʧǮƺ󣬸ҸԼǮ浽Ǯׯɻ춢ţһһûڶʧǮˡ
˼ͺץǵĵصѡڻʹȻҲҪǲڱ˺úƣʲôǵģʲôǲǵġ
԰˼뺮ȵ˹ſڡ
Ѿڴ˹ʱһ棬ʹ˽ȥ
һǰĻʮԼֽϺõİΪ˷ֹ⣬ǳ˼ĵڶӣʵڲУֻȫƾȥץˡ
Ҳڼϳ˼ǣΪǰڽǴһƽ
˵˽ǴֻҲڣֻΨƽӰĻʺ
˼һмϣҪ񣬻һ˵ˣⶼʲôʱˣץסǲǹؼ
ϻˣǸеڻǲ١
񣬻ϱߵ˼ʵɩʲôƻѽ
㿴
˼һϵʳС
ϱɻǡ
˼ҩŵǵ˵˳󣬻ϳų˼ֱĴָ
ɩǺüı
ˣھͿʼɣЩǲߡ
˵գ˼Ͱõĸƽ֮ϣЩ˼ҪȥĵطţڽǴֻ»ǲġ
˼֮ǰڽǴʹ䲼õļ¼ǻûԣֻҪǳ˸㲢ε˼ڵһʱ䷢ֲץסǡ
˳˼ķԸһ˶ȥλڽǴԶƫ֮С
Ȼʼδ˼ʾ۾Ҳǳɽ
ĳ˼ŲסʹԼţȴǱ˼һڻؾˡеġ
Ǻã㣬Ҫˣֻ˵
ͳ˼ٯٯģҲǰ̸֮Ǳһš
ֱҹ˼ͿҪ˯ŵʱ򣬼ϤӻĴڴ˽ȥ
˼վ˵ˡ
䣬Ƿ׷ԾʩչṦ˽ǴķǵĿľϳ˼Ķּƻһҩɣֱץ
˼ʾҲǰȥ
ȴʮֻ̽ԵǴĻƽԿվѧ·һֻǰצͣڿ̽ʲôеĻ̬Բһ̬ģ˭뵽ôһЩǣ۶ǮƼʧ
԰԰
˼߬СȭͷһһĴš
κλǾǲϹۼŻ͵߻ƽ𣬻ʱһֻǵֻֻ¼Ļǡ
ò˵ȷķֹⱳ֮ҲЩֶεġ
ץˡ
е㵣Ľա
ȵȣмڳˡ
˵ţ˼еǸεĿϡܱǸҪʧˡ
-

314 

ްֻҪץĻʹʧһЩҲ޷
һҲںڽǴĻƽΪץĻʹܺܿ콫жʧǮûˣϾǸǴͷ
ȴ˰ʱǴĻƽȫ͵ˣǼԻǣҲ˼Ƶĸŵˡ
ҪҪȥЩӵҲץ
Ŀų˼˵
˼˰˵ããֻݾߣҪҲץסǣȻһҪǻȥ
ǻȥʧЩƽǰװʧˡ
˼ĻһѪڶ
˼ӯӯһЦ˵ҵ˼ǣץסʲôã϶ҵˣЩǱѵ꣬϶һӴġмɡ֯Ķ飬˵ЩǵģĻʹ
˼ĻʹúϽ˳˼ãֿ˿ڡǻɩ˼ǡ
һװһڼ¼ǵĶȥܽΧһдҡ
˼۾΢УƶֻҪ⣬һ֮ҵĻʹ
˻һϺͺ¶ɵı飬Ǿ֪˼һа취ץסĻʹ
ھȥǴ
˼ǰгƫ·ߣæǰų˼
һ˵˽Ǵʮֻ˯ĻǴ˳˼ǰ
ȫˡ
š
˼˵ͷĸǰлǳֱ
ţ˼ĸ̶ֻСӣϸĻЩʵʳֱƽ״̬滹ھƬĶ֮ԽԽ¡
ɻ󲻽ʱ򣬳˼һѺһֻǵı͸ȥ
ӸĺСûôѪ֮󣬳˼Ͱһӷ˽ȥһƤëɫ߷ϡ
Լȫ˿ڷϣǽ¶棬ƺһ˿̶ӵġ
ΪΣ
ڲ㡣
˼ãûŪ֮ǰκ˶ɣҪ˵ˣ¶˷ǽæˡ
˼Ĺ˼Ҳûȥ
νӷڻǵı󣬳˼ִĿŰɫҩƬðǸǷ¡
ûһһֻ
һڰϲͣ
ǣǻȥǵȥ
˼Ƶ˵
ǳٳûжǾĿ
ͷ˵ġ
ǡ
ŽǷ
˼С֣Ϻֱ˵ǻظɣˡ
á
Լߣк
е£¶ˣδҲ̫
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нˣż
˼˶ٲӣֻǰ˵һ仰뺮ͷҲصˡ
˽ǴߵǰĹ㳡һĨϤӰܿ˳˼ע⡣
ʺô
˼ûʺǸСڵˣҲûѧʺ밲ߣ뺮ǻʺĳأȫûбҪʺЩ׻
ʺһѣɫԴŵĿų˼뺮˵ɩ壬Ǹġ
˼װһƽ˵Ŷȥɣˣ˿ɲá
ţ塢ɩߡ
ŻʺƽȵĴӶ߿˳Զ˼һ˫۾
ʺҹĸ¶ǻӣȥֳġ
ôʺҲɣǲǻˡ
ճ˼֣ԼĲ̫أʺһͲȷʵû⡣
˼ԼĵУԽʱˣԽпĻʹ
ûУˣǻؼҰɣ
˼һǷ
ϵӸ˼Ϻ󣬾˼ʱ
Ѿ뿪˹У˿̣ϳȻʮʮһɻ
ղΪʲôϽͣߵļûпϵı飬˺Ĺعأ
Ǽͷ޷ѽ
˼ģɵĻʮɻˡ
һӦĺȴǴԼĻͷһ˿
˻ɵĶλȨأܲһ㡣
Ǹˣʱԭһʷǰ˳浽Ǹʱ򣬿ԭ
룬ϣǸˣϣֻһͨͨĴЩ¶
-

315 ̸

ص󣬳˼ǼֻߵĻǣһҹû˯š
켴ʱ򣬳˼
ǲ岻ҹͷշתȴҺֻˣ¾㣬㳹ҹ˯š
ûΣֻǼֻǣھͿʲôˡ
˼һʾһ㣬ķʾ
Ȼгֵĵطȴǻʹ
۾ͷĵĿҲҪΪʵˡ
ʺһж˳ֻǺļֻһҲû͵ţҪҪǼ졣
ˣŶˣһ²Ҫ͵ˣ˺뺮̽£¶һʺ֮λסҲ῰ǡ
ڻʺԼһ˵ͳȻûгˣǹܶ϶ͬһ䡣
صʾ˼ֲ̿Ŀ˵ǻʺ󣬿Ҳ¶ˡ
дϾȻһֻߣҿŮ˵
ֱĴ塣
Ҫ´˼һקס˺ĸ첲˵ʺ¶ǲҪû֪ĺãڲŪʺʵݣǺҲҪǵˣҲԶɱҪѣȰ֡
ӹȻãһŮ϶ɱأ
ɼԼ뷨
˼Σֻ˵ʱ䡣
ãĺϢ
˵գȴһԲı۾
˼֪ÿÿʱķ˼飬ǴŲõġ
󣬳˼˯ͻȻˣ緹Ҳˣڴϲٽ緹ʱ䣬С˼𴲡
˼򵥵ʰһͶС˵С䣬Ҫһʺ죬ȥ˵һ
ǡ
ȵȣ˵
˼ּæסС䡣
Сüȫ㲻Լ뺮ôˣһѾߵҲóȻȥʣֻܵͷŶ֪ˡ
˼ֱӳŹжȥ
֪ʱ򣬳˼Ѿڻʹˡ
ʺ˵Ҫ
˿̵ĻʺҪţںͼλֹ£Ծһ˳Է
ɺˣҲи˺һԡ
˽˳һꡣ
ǡ
Ů˳ȥһ߲ȥ꣬Լߵ˼ǰʺȥ
õġ
˼ŵ߽˻ʺסĹ棬ٲȻЩʱʾпĻ棬һжôۡ
ʺ󵫼˼󣬲δŸԼ˵ڷܲ鿴ʲôͷĪһͨҡ
ɩ
ʺų˼֡
˼΢΢ǷǷ
˼ڻʺ棬ѾõĿӼһڲˣ˼ں󣬲˴ĴָеĳӾǲһóԡ
ɩҪϲûɼȥͻ嵱ӡ
ˣҾ˵˵Ҳԣ⿴ҳԡ
á
ʺҲӣ˿ʼ̵ĳŷ
극˼Ĵһ̶ʺ˵𣿡
㣬ɩҪ壬Ҿ漸ѡ
ţǺãҪжעСֶʤ˭ˣҪشӮһһ⡣
˼νĶעʺһӵ˱ȡ
Ļɩ˵Ŀİɣ֪Ҫʲô⣬ĳĻʺһȰοԼԷܲ鵽ģܵģǺһţΪ˻ʺ˵Լ˼ľġ
ѹ󣬻ʺһҲûӮӮҳ˳˼
ʺƺ뵽ź˼ʵ֪ɩʲôҵģ
˼һۻʺߵŮʺŮǶȥûб˭Ҳ׼
ǡ
ŮǺĳȥֱŹϣ˼ҲһվΧŻʺһȦֱʵ֪ʺʵʲô
ҽܣǸŮ嶼֪ѽ
ʺϴЦ⣬ʵ
𣿼ȻΪʺˣΪʲôҪЩ͵͵飬㣬Ҫǻҵķ㣬ԴѾˣҪǻ㣬ʣԭǰԼĵλǰ˲ɽأ
㡭㶼֪ˡ
ʺ⻰ʶľʹվɫҲһһģһСݡ
˼Ц˲βͣҲڻɩ˰ɣ˵˵Ҫػصأ¶Ҹҵķܱ֤ڶ
ػصأɩҺ̸ģ
ʺе㲻š
˼Ǹ˵һˣʺԼĳϿҳɵ̬ȣվҪߡ
-

316 е

ȵȡ
˼ߵſڵʱ򣬻ʺס˳˼
˼תΪʺЭˣû뵽ŻòͻȻһӱ
˼Ȱ㲻Ҫ£˭ҪҪԭĻʺһ֮£֮ϵĻʺ󡣡
ͼĻʺΣˡ
˼ٷϻǰʺǸˣɵϻʺʱһУеͲסѰζˡ
ס
ʺȻü˼ŤͷðźĵѾ˳˼Ĳϡ
˼ñѾ߻ȥˣѵû뵽аԽʧ㡣
˼кȻ飬ֻҪ˵һ֮»СǶʺ
ʺݣҲѡݣΪ°յķŭ˭еġ
ҲǻʼҰԭ֮һʼȢһϷ߷糾ŮӵʺƱػ⵽յӶʧȥġ
ڳ˼ʺ󲻵书ǿصü糾ŮȫմߣһԴŮˡ
ʺɱඣ
˼Ц
ߣΣɴҪմȾ
ʺʱ˼۹ֶ˼֡
˼Ȼʱ򣬻óԼ侲š
ɱңͲºҡ
˼һʱ䣬һ߽ԼС
ʺעȫڳ˼ĲϣδʲôС
ʺν˵ҲǳҪòɱң°ն˵ıҲȻϢѾ֣ɱҲıдɱ̫ӣһȡˣұˡ
ʺ˵գϵһۣƳգȻҪ˼Ĳӡ
˼î˾նԼʱһֱʧ˹֮С
˾ʺʧɫȺץסˡ
ǣʺ󡣡
ڹѲһ飬ȷ֮ûг˼ټ󣬱ǳŹ֮Ѱȥ
ʵϣ˼óģһ뵽ʺҲйǷ˽Ĵ㣬ͨҩռص˺
ҿڵ۶Ҫڱĵط»ûôؼҡ
˼һֱ¥󣬺ԼˣæΪһݹȥȵ㣬ůůӡ
ˣŻʺɱңȻģҰĲСá
ʲôʺ󵨸ҽɱ㣬ͽǸ˵Դȡ
һӣ˱Ҫһʺˡ
˼⸱̵ģһûסЦ
㻹ЦڻʺˣĵڻţУԲܾôˡ
ִҪʹ
˼ǰһɣҪɱʺҲɱҪôɱҪǻϲ׷ʺΣ˸ˣôᣬôɱ˻ʺָ׼˰һѹı
˵еֻŮã졣
ĿɫʵȻɱġ
˼˵ͷںĲУźΪݵĲ衣
˿̣ڹѰٳ˼ӰİѾεܵʺǰʺûҵ
ƽﶼǰˡ
ʺָŹ·İһͨ
Ҫǳ˼ˣǾԤʾҲˣУȷ˲ǡ
ţʺаѾߡ
ȷʱʺһԼĶӣŵ䡰ʶԲ㣬Ҫ־͹Ͷ̥
˵գʺһƣĳԼСȥ
һ˲䣬Ѫ˳Żʺĳȹڵء
ʺһʹȥѹĴ򿪡
ѾߺͻԼԾ룬ǵĻʺڵأѪʱÿһ˶һ
һϾѶˡ
ʱ򣬻ʺʹޣͣظԼĶ˵ҵĻʶѽû˼һ⣬˶ȥ
ʺ޵˺ѷΣϱһŻһѽʺӵϱ漴˺̫ҽ
ػϣ̫ҽ޲ߣʺеܱ˵شѪֹסֻкܾȻʺˡ
ȥ롣
̧һųŲܹȥ
ܹһûվȣӲˤһӣһˤˡ
ͬʱʺҲһ㶣һƴĿеݣԼѪֹסˣ޻˼˵ǳ˼ĺӣȻ飬ҵ˼
-

317 


ʺЦκңˣҲһġ
ܿ죬ʹеĲܹ͵˺ȥ˼ʺ󿴲
˼֪ʺĺӵ˺еĵˡ
Ȼ֪ʺȻԼǺų˼ֱӽ˷䣬ܹ⡣
˵ˣҪūܰѺʹҪūնס
ܹһһš
˼еĲ̣̬ȴǷǳçײʺҲǲôʹģѪʡٱȺ
ļ֣ó˼˽ͷ
滹һܹôţܹ޹ġ
ǣ˼뵽һȫİ취յ˵һƻ
˵ͷæװһʮֵĵĿʵû¶ɣ
У졭
ڲܹߵСһתѾӾȥС
ܹԭأ˺ðβŴŵѯʵôˣ
̥Ѿ˹ȥ
ôǻӴϣūȻعô˵
ˣʺҲ˰ܹ̾һתߡ
ڹпȴ˼ĻϣƢԽԽ꣬ΪʺʧѪ࣬˶еȥ̬
޵Ļɩôûܹء
ϣˣ̥εˡ
ܹ˵һɤӣһ˵ҲǼεĻʺŵĸҲ
ô˵ɣɿ޵Ļɩεˣ޵Ļʺ󿴲
⡭⡭
ܹԻϵʣЩ
ϼ״һūţ¶첻ãȥ롣
ϣܹˣⶼǳ檵ֻǳ檲ģ檵ڶ֪˻ɩʱ˳檵й֮У˳檣Ȼˡȥɩɩô
˵޵ĻɩĺӴģ
һ˲ܿͻָǡ
ʺ̫ʧˡ
Ľʺ˵ϣǱٿһۻʺ
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ʺ˿Ѿ˲ôˣҲó˼
ϼʺȻִԲ򣬱ǽһķĺڰӷ˻ʺǰ
޵Ļɩ¼úÿ޵Ļɩȥ㣬μƻ͵ߵ۶󳼺ԱԼʹƱ¶¼һԼĺӣֱѻƪ֮޾ǸɵӣҲάˡ
ʺ󲻸ŵĶǰĺڰӣȴ沥ŵĻڷһУ˿ǱſڵϵӶ¼
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Ȼϲ֪ǣһ˱ץٻҲΪϵ⡣
˼ͨץķʽûʺš
ʺԿѾʺĺӸˣǳ˼ͬ˼һװִҩƷװҩռ䡣
ϣūˡ
ڻʺҪҪιȥʱ򣬳˼ںĲ˻ʺĹ
ʺճɵɵĿ˼㲻ˣôôı£㲻ˡ
ҪˣǻʺЫûŮˣʳӣΪˣΪ˼޻ңԼĺӶŹǿЦ
˼ȻǲǰӵĶΪʺΡ
ʺֻѪƿ˼Ȼ˵ﻹ
˼֮ԴӦܹȻڻغ֮ǰȥһ˻ϵ޹ʾ˻ϴµİϣдʹ÷
ΪҲǵȴһʱΪʺʵ̫񣬾»ϿʾϵĶҲš
Ͼһշްն
ԣܹʱ֪ѡ
˲ǲܹ־¾Ҫˡ
Ŀǰϸһ֪ʺʵݡ
Ҫһ԰ĻǶȥɣ
˼˵
ϻڻʺѡɥʧӵıʹУ˺һŴȥš
˼˴˵أŹϣʺĿǰˣзһĽڽڹЦǶˣˡ
˼ŲŻʺˣŮۼȣȻʹԼȥ
-

318 ̥

˼Ų㣬ͳźʹ˸ɫӹ˼֣ʺϺֱӽҩռ䡣
ڹ̫ҽصƣ˳˼ʵһ򵥵Ѫѡ
ʺԼӵͬʱһСԼѪܣֹסѪ
ͺ𣿡
ţʺ书ӣһԼģġֻǴûʲô飬ҪǸӵŮˣҲçײˡ
Ǽۣ˭ԼĶ˭أ
˵ţ͸˼һ衣
˼ѵմѪףӹĲһ
󣬳˼ִŻеĻʺ󣬻һֱԼߵĺҩռ䡣
ֽʺƽȵķŵԼĴʱ˼⺰ǿԽˡ
Լƿţѱǲɢ
˿̣ӵߵ˳˼뺮ߡ
˼˻ãȻЦˡ᲻ɱʺɣϾһշްնͿ£ﲻ
޷ɱһѰ˼ȥһһ⣬޻е᲻áˣˣ޾ͷϵĺλ乬ˡ
˵ǽһС
˼ô乬͸ˣ˵ʱҪĿڡ
˼ܿϰ˻ʺֻǻʺΪǷס
ҲӦ˺ĻʺǸˣѡ˶֣Ҫͨ˱ʺĶݺл·ԣ
ɳ˼ͨ˲һһҩռ䣬㹻ŤתǬ
˼ûߣѡڻʺš
ںǴŻȥȾˡ
˶Ϊˣʲô¶Ҳûˣⲻ֪ԽԽġ
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ϣˡ
˼һŹ֣ߵ˻ʺߡ
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˵ɱĺ𣿡
˼Ŀʺ
ʺھ޴ı֮У˼⻰һѪЩ³˼㲻ҪΪ˴ҵݣңܰԼɱ˵ˣʲôöҲʲôˣԣԸ°ƹŷԣΪδĶԴˡԼС
㲻˵ˣһƴǡôѺͻΪһ׵׵ĶŮˡ
⻰ʲô˼
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ţҰ㿴֪ˡ
˼תߵһǰȴðײһѪܵĶ
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Ҳߡ
˵ܼС
ʺļΪ˲˼ĺӣͰͷ˱
˼ȫ˻ʺ˼ӯӯЦҪҾͰˡ
ա
˼װǻƵҪߡ
ʺٴһ˫־־ų˼
ɣ
˼ײݵ˻ʺֱߡ
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ȻʺײĺʱŵǼвֹ
ôǸ̥
ǹ̥и֣̥Ŀǰƶ֮䣬һ⣬ˣĺӸܽ㻳еڼΪ壬ҲӡΪĺһյĹ򣬵ʱġ
˼Ļһ磬˻ʺѾɺԵ
ˣʺǺǸΡô˵µ֣治䵱һĸס
˵ţʺֿһΣǱű˼Ӹȡδ͵̥ʹ顣
ҩռ䣬˼ûеźʺһӣϾŮб𣬵ʱȴ
Ȼ˼Ҳûнʺ˸̥¶֪Ĵδ̥ĺŵ߲ұԺĺӡ
ҪΪ¸ӰӰĿɾԼļͥˡ
ȵʺˣ˼˴ߣһһµ˳Żʺļ˵ʵ˰ɣֻҪһ仰ͻǸ߸ϵĻʺҲΪһ飬˭⡣
ʵϣ˼֪ǻϵ⣬Ϊ˼ڸʺʱѾʺˡ
-

319 ȫ

̥أ˼壬ǺӷȫֻΣһϸжδ֮ʱһͣ⺢ӾпǶԴֶˣĺһʶһ̥֣˼˵ֲ̥ܿһһġ
ȻֽģҪôзϵĲҪôŮв
ǳ˼Ҫ˼ϵ¶ǻϵ⣬˼Ҳαװɻʺ⡣
´Ҫ˽һ£ҲԼķҪǸ֪ˣɱ˻ϡ
ɩĻܻصȥ𣿡
ͻȻʺɩ˼ϲ˵ʺҪˡ
ȻܣΪʲôʲô˵㻹ָϵڱأ
˼һϯ˵ûʺһࡣ
ʺһ˼òŴ˵ġ
ݻʺ˵ɹСҲѵɹĸĽҲҲȴ˳紬ΪҲƺĸȢĽ㣬˳ĳΪɹһιΪҲĽãûãҲˡǸ빬Ůһֱûб˾ڻʹͷΪ˱书İ书Ҳ֪ôѯϢҪɱҲվλҪ֪ɹҪǹĺŮ򲻵ѵ£Ҳܼ̳λġֻ˶ӺҪ˳λȻᱻճЦʢ˥
ʺĻ˼ȻȻɹĹֳԭĻʺ󣬲úùӣ͵Ǯʲô
ҪɱҲҪɹĹЩʯȫߣҪЩҪܶǮҪб
ԭˣɲõģºӣԭַɹʱ򡣡
ɹһģԭ̲ͣСΪԼĺƽãС֮ҪԭΪСԴѷز֣ҲΪܾٹ
ʺһԴǣ˼òԻʺĿ࿴ˡ
ֻ˵ĵô򵥣˼εûйزɷԲС̲ԭҪ̰ģԭˡ
⡭
ʺ˳Ĭ˼˼Ļ
˼Ҳһ飬ʺҪҲԼʺɹ
ֻǻʺһ壬ոɹ˭ɹĹǽˣû᲻һҲ
ЪŰɣһ߻ˡ
˼ʺߵ̥ʺȴһ˲䣬һ㵲ס˳˼֡
ҡ԰ˣ⺢ӲζҵģΨһΪġ
ǺãȷţһҪ㣬ڲʺ߶ԼŻѾߴ͡
˼һʺ󣬱뿪˹
룬˼հŹϣһӺĻϺͺ˳
˼棬Ρ
ˣ
ܾˡ
˼û̫⣬ǵĿϡϣҸĵطΪһ½״
֪Ҳûоܾ
ҪԼһ𣬿һ뵽ҩռ䣬˸ŵͷ
ܲԼܣ֪ɣ
ڹſڵ㡣
ţϾ
˺һ˼ǸŻȥԵĵط
ϴ˼ĵضһڲĵطмŴӣִͼݡ
ɩܰˡ
ɣţϡ
˼˳ֵݸһ֡
ϴֺһ̾ͱ˼ҩռ䡣
ɩеģ¡
˼óŻϵĺ󱳴һ£Ƭ̣Ͼ͵̨ϡ
󣬳˼ʼΪȫλļ飬ֱ鵽ϵͳʱ򣬳˼ãԭҪһ
һ㶼ʮĶһЩ͵Ҳģǵ˴ڽӴʱģû˰취ֻܵҽԺȥ
ңҽѴݡ
˼˼򵥵ݣҲǼ飬ûиϻԼ£ֱӸˡ
ĩˣ˼Żϻص˻Լ޹
Լķ˵סвȥˣ뵽һ͸ײһ
ô˾ã
ҷŸһ򵥵ƣ˻۵ܲסǾסڹкˡ
ţǾֻˡ
û׷һʲôƣ˼Ҳʲô˵˵ҪȫΪϱܵġ
-

320 ؼ

һҹߣ磬˼ۣͿڴ߶
ôˣл𣿡
˼ԼС
ʵʲôƣ
Ҳƣ˳ָһݡ
ݣߡǱôܹһ㣬˵ǻϡ
˵һȻֹԭǺĻ˼ڣǰ⻰Ҳǽġ
˼ȻãԼĹȥˡ
ΪҽߣֻΪˣο˻ǻϡ
Ҳˣ޷ε¶㲻֪һΣ㡣
˺ݻһ˫۾ó˼ŵ
֪ˡ
˼ӣĵǺպա
˳극˼Ҫȥϣҩ͹ˣܹ׼Ǹ˻ȥ
ȥȻ˵㣬ܱȲȥǿ
Ҫȥ
ȥϰ˳ϵΡ
Уȥ
ס˼ִֵ֣ľҪߡ
˼һ;ϵˣƶ֮ܳΪǻָ׶ٳʲô¶ҽҪҪˡ
أ侲㣬Ҫ㣬һ˻ȥ
˼ˣ˦˺֡
һɲǣԼԨ֮нץס˶ƿأٲ
ʧ뺦ʧȥ̾˺ļ䣬ǰһЦݽ¶˳ã㿴ҩ֮ģԷԸ̫ҽȥǲͽ̣Щ㲻Ϊܸÿ԰ɣ
ţ⻹ࡣ
˼ĸ첲һͬȥ˻ϵ޹
۵ķƢ˭ǰᱻߡ
۶ֹסҪǺã
ϣҺܡ
ˣѾˡ
˼Цӯӯ߽޹һص̫ҽǣ׷ײһѶͷϵĺڻϵĻֺ·׷ɢȥ
˼ԼķǲԼϼģǽסһԼ̫ҽ
ߣ¶æ
ǺãʲôõҵĵطԸ
̫ҽҽ˵һߣ˼ںͬߵ˻ϵĴߡ
һףҲûƢġ
ɩ³ç˵Ͱޡ
ϣҰѻꡣ
˵ţ˼źԼվڱϵ̫ҽʹ˸ɫ󣬾˳ȥ
ȥģȥʱŸ˹ϡ
ϼԼĻɩֵʮأһҲ֮
ʡɩǲ޵ʲô֮޿ɲֻ󹬵ˣ޵ĺ󹬾ֻлʺһˡ
ϣ£ֻϵͳһ⣬Ѿ㴦ˣֻ農һ¾ͺˡ
Ȱοϣ˼ְѻʺе̥һ¶˻
ǵûʺеġ
޵ĻʺҲһߣҪĺӸٵĿɾͲһˣ
Ц棬뷽ŵĿƱγǿҷ
󣬳˼ͽн̫ҽܺҲŽˣ˼ҲȫȻûΪԼķֽ˵ûϸеڡ
ΪһҽҪ벡˺õĿ죬Ҫò˵ãҪòȫȫԼ
ţ˼ҩһϵй̸̫ҽ̫ҽ˳ɺ󣬳˼̫ҽ˺ÿϻһҩҩҲڻϵ޹
̫ҽˣ̫ҽһߣ˼Ҳܻ䣬ֱӴһƿθϹϡ
һϣϵʹ⣬˯˹ȥ
Ѿ磬δˣ˼ϰ룬޹洫˲ܹ
ϣʺҪ㡣
ʺǻԼ޹С꣬ˣȥ
Ҳѱ
ܹվ沢ûȥǼ˵ʺý̧ˣȷ
Ǿɣ
üġ
˼뺮һۣ׷׸ˡ
ڳ˼ߵſڵʱһ䡰ɩ컹𣿡
Ҫ۾ٴ򡣡
ãɩʱֱ붼벻
⻰˵ζʵ˵ġ
һų˼ߡ
ʺڽδ˼뺮˲
ڻϵ޹ͣ£ţʺֱ̧ŵܵĻ̧˻ϵߡ
Ƕȥɣ
ǡ
ʺˣ̧ټʱʺҲƲס˳
ϣ檴ˣԸ黹еǮ㷢Զ㣬ԭ
ţ¶͸ȥʱ޻ûȥƽɹɹڼزã޾ԭѡطסϰ׻ǵϰףֻҪؼС
-

321 

ɹǷҪ¹
ʺһϣĿϡ
ϹЦʺѽ㻹ǺͿɹİסԭȻɹͷβԭˣ˼ʲôɹˡ
ʺϢһ˿ʧģɹչĸ˵Ѿõˡ
һº󣬻ʺԼ黹˵۶λ󳼡Ա⡢лʹʧǮơ
˺˼ϻлʺ֪۶λǮ˼ϴһյǵʺˡ
˵ڶ£˼һֱڴţΪĲڿ쵽ˣʲôʱȫʲôʱ˺ѷεĸоˡ
ϣ˼һ磬Сĺ࣬СԼȥɹɹ̫أ
ӾĪһһģ͸治ͣһ
˼ʹĴ󺰴УѶæ鷿ڴˣԼ֢״֪Ҫˡ
ʮʮȥŮ̫ҽ졣
ǡ
һ£ӰֱӴǽȥ
Ҳ˵ʲôֱʩչṦڵ۶ĸϷȥΪҲٶȵִʹ
СҲûţȥˮȥµļܼǴͷĴɨȫ¶Ϊӭ˶׼š
ûһฮҲõϢ·ˡࡢ·硢᪡ϡ˪ȫ
ԼĸôȣǵĸһŮ̫ҽôʱ뵽ɳȥʮʮѾȥܾˡ
Ҳ֪
˵ţɳȥһˣҪʵ벻ȥ۶ŮУܺùһûǿ
Ȼȵڶ߳ʮʮŮ̫ҽ̣ŵó·˺ЩԵڵء
μ
ˣȥ
ǡ
Ů̫ҽǸڶʮҵŮӣһؾİ£һ㣬ȴǱһ׵ʸ̧˺üȴΡ
Ů̫ҽ˷һ԰
ţһĵȴ
ͷʱʱԼĴЩʹ෢Լϡ
ŵĳ·ҲһĵġʱҲûôŮͷһ̥۳˾ĵġ
˵䣬ѻ졣
༫·˵⻰Լĸ첲˲ԷʾԷ졣
尾״ųһʱֱһӤĿ쳹ʱ˵϶¶ɵ顣
ˣˣҪ⹫ˡ
࿪ĵ㵸
ȻƬ̹򣬷ͷַ˳˼ļС
Ѷӻңҡ
ڻ֮ʣ˴ˡ
һѰ˼ƿţͼʮʮǸŮ̫ҽճĶӷ˴⡣
ţ׷ҪҲĶӣҲûˡ
ĶѪˣʱҲֻӲͷƤοԼ
żѾȥˡ
϶ҲˣҵĶӻôС㣬ҵʲô̫ҽҶҪи̣ҾͰɱˡ
˼޺ţͣشźļ
Ҳƣʮʮ
˼ֱӹ˺ǰ⸱ģȥһһš
ûĸȻʮʮǴĵߡ
·һƣ˵˴أ˱ˡ
ѽͱԹԹǸȥˣǺϲ
·ĨһȰο
ٲӣҲҪԼĸӵġ
ѹʮʮ˵ȥҡ
Ȼڵϵ˲û
˴µĲѰǰŭʵô£
溮еȷкüŮ̫ҽֻǾ󲿷ֶˣҲ뿪˻ʹʣµƽֻʺ󿴲ϣŮ̫ҽĸ˻꣬͵䱦ȵ۵ˡһŭ֮Ů̫ҽţŮ̫ҽ֮ԻţǻʺǱϷ֮֡Ů̫ҽҽտǰ˽ΪóҲȥ˻ʹ֪Ĵ£Ȼȥηн˸ˡ
˵ĻϵĲҪʮʮ
˼Ӧ󣬼æֹˣҲΪҺãŮ̫ҽΪҵĺӡȥˮҪϴһȻȥʺ󡣡
˼¶ʺûйϵʺѾˣʺ϶֪һЩʲô
˾ֻһֿܣŮ̫ҽĸǸԩģĺӣҲæ
ǳ˼Ψһ뵽ģԶģ˼벻ˣΪΪԭĺӣҪŮ̫ҽˡ
-

322 ȥ

ڸղºӣ˼Ҳûжȥ˼飬ԼĶӣԼƤӵ¡
ǣ˼˲ע⣬Լһء
Ǳȥɣʹڼš
׼ΣԼɫ԰ףͲס
˼ִֵıͷУһҪһʺ˵
ֲ˼ֻЭ
Ǻãһȥ
˼ͷ㣬ฮ˶˼ңڼΪ˼õĶƽ¡
Ϊ˼ļˣĿǰΨһġ
˹󣬻ʺҲ֪˳˼ĺӱ°һ£ͬССӤһ컹͸°ˣɷҲ
˼Ҫ󵥶ʺ̸ϱ뿪޹ǰԱߵƫš
˶ˣֻʣԼʺʱ˼ſżɽҶӵΪ㿴Ů̫ҽ
ʲôȻͮѾͷη𣿡
ʺɻ
ܿ죬ʺǷӦ˹һԼ˵ԣͮη˳¶ֻһ䡣
֪ͮס𣿡
ǽһĵطꡣ
ʺ̫Ѩš
лʺھǰ򡣡
˼ֻ֪ͮסʲôһҲ֪
ڳ˼׼ĺ˽̧εʱ򣬻ʺæ˵ôȥҵ𣿡
¾ȥ򡣡
˼϶ͮв°ӵɣǣĶҪΪܵһ˺Ī˵ͮȫжԩѴǧС
ʺ۾Ȼ뵽һ£ǰס˼˵ͮ

ͮǳıӵǣ㣬ô˵ͷ
ʺ¶ɫ
˼Ҳǻֲ̿θǣûʺų
һ뵽ԼոճĶӣȻ̶Ѩ˼ҲҪȥһ
˼ȥѶʺԵѵСϲ׼Ҳͮ£ҲǷ˾ţ֮ŽͮٹܳˣʱڹеŮ̫ҽԼҪ뻢ıƤ
л
˼ס˻ʺݺãʺҲǲʶ˼ʺ֤ڻʺĿлһķġ
˼˻ʹͿʼʳ˼ʺ˵һЩʲô
˼Ҳܻ䣬Ͱѻʺ˵뺮ظһ顣
üͷһ塰Ѳ˸ϵ
˽𣿡
ڳ˼ļûˣȻжٸܵܡٸӡ
ЦǺ˽⣬Ҳİʵ»Ѽ޸ֻʱ˵ĸоһµµΪԵү֪⼸͸̥һԭĿԴǵ֮¾޸Ȼûүݣϼ֣Ϊÿ˰㹻ԭнʿǵıҲڡ
⡭ô𣿡
˼С죬ͮҪĶĻû֮ԣϾ˭Ա˳ŵĻȥһ¾޸һԭŽܳ׵ү
ӦһǶԳ˼ɻһյĶ϶
еͮĸ׺ԩˣ꣬һֱ򿪿ܽҹ˲Сͨ˻꣬Լǣ˸򡣴ػҲϲҲûʼҵܵսǾͽƾͼơ
ǲǱԩģͮ°ǵĶӾһ󡣡
˼߬ȭͷĿǰľһԼĶӣûȥܡ
˻ص󣬳˼͸ԼˮȻߴź׼ȥ
һȥģԼִҪţֻܰͨһݻ
ڲλдů¯˳˼ôһӵŮ˵
˼ڹˮԺͰѵƿ˴ԣְů¯ƣϣůһ㡣
Ҫòִܵѽ
˵ҲҪ졣
Ը˵ʱ䣬ֲƭԼ
˼֪Ҫʱ򣬶ˮۿе䡰ҿĶӣųһĹ򣬾;˴ĥѣ֪ûԱûů
˼ĸһʱ̵Լĺӡ
Ҳֱ֪ŮˣеŮ̫ҽô¶ˡ
ˣĿ޻ӡ
˴ߣͣذοų˼
-

323 ʮ

˼ҲǸȰˣڣܵ¡
ӣ˼ͿںĻһһĵΣֻϣԼܹãȫĵͶ뵽Լӵˡ
Σ˼Լ˳˯С
˼ǰ鷢СĹ˹ǰŮ˵ıӣĵǣӾǲãŮ϶ɣܲڸͱ°ߡ
󣬺˼
˼˿ҲϵĲˣµ߶ֻߵĺ
ƽϵͣѩ켸Ǵ졣
ų˼һ̤ĵؽ磬ѸٱΧĻ
ķÿ涼Ϳ˰ɫңǽ֮Ҳǿһ˻һÿ䷿Ӹһдɽˮͼ
ˣɳ˼뺮ȴȥ͡
ϳʮҺ˿ջߵ˵ջѾá
ţȥһͮס
Ը󣬾ʹų˼ſջķȥ
ʮȥ˵ģ·ͮļҡ
λ֪Ӽ˵ס
ĸӼѽ
ʮסĴһӲˣһļ͡
ǱųնǸӼҡ
ϣǸӼң˶ˣӵĵҲ̳ȥˣѾĳ˾¥㲻ỹãڸոգҺ񿴵ӼҵǸŮͮһͷ͵͵һѰ˼Ӽ˲ŵǰȾܡ
￴ģҡ
ʮһֱץס˴
ȻũˣҲȲʮһϰģʮץ˵Ĵ֣ʹʮһ¡զΣ˵ͺú˵ûûСġ
ŵֻҪ˵ˣЩǮȫġ
ʮӻһʮӡ
ӣ¶һڴĵڶ﹡ҼҵĲ˵ؾҪȥȥҵ͵ҼҵĲˡ
֪ˡ
ʮӣһ˾ʧӰ١
ȥһգĪ˵Ҫˣȥ֪
񡭡쵽զˣôôණҵﰡȥðݰˡ
ŲӣŵͬĨһٵܡ
ܿ죬ʮ˴˵﹡ֻ﹡һƬܲģְײ˵ģٲȻһƬһ޼ʵɫʲôӰ
ʮӣ˼ԣ׸ǮϢûд
ǸʲôץҰƾʲôҪǣ
ʱһӵʮע
ʮתͼ߰˸ʮкӣΧһԼĪʮŮˣߡ
ŮֻҰãֻһӤЩǱ
ǧһ֮ʣʮֹסĿϲŮ˲ʮη̤ͮЬٴȫѹ
㲻ҪҰã㻳ӤҲҪ£͵͵﹡ˣָ׼Ҳ͵ġ
кǲӣȴ־ʮе㲻ĴⳡˣΪԼܹԼĶӣҲֻսپˡ
ͮܡ
ʮγֱͮļ
ɲǼ䣬ΧͮкǴеĴУܵܣȻǱͻȻֵʮһ
ͮĺһתĿʮȻ󽫻ĺֱӵ˵ϡ
ӣҲɱ㡣
ʮҪըˣͮǷˣҪȻὫһӵϡ
ˣӵܲ
ͮһĭһ㣬ǵҪĲˡ
ʮǺӺͷҲƽ
ջسĿͮأ
Ѿ͹ȥˣγǴҰܲû뵽ȻһȺµСӡ
ʮе£ųãͮͰѺӸͻȥˣⲻѽ
ͮʮǲţͰԼŤʮ
ɣʮƣҩȻͳͷ
ʮͮȴֵɫİƺۼ
ߣ㣬Ҳܷߣһȥ
ʮٴóֱӼͮĲϡ
ͮһӤٹŵܲ˵ȵȣܲѽܲˡ
ʮɲʲôܲûֵͮ˵ĶģǵʱְѺˣǶܲ
̶̵ļ϶ͮżһ㣬˱ʩչṦ롣
Ϊʲô죬ΪṦûҺá
վסŲɱˡ㡣
ʮӦͮڼʮ⡣
-

324 ؿʯ

׷ҸϵĻص˿ջ
˿ջֱͮ˼ķ䣬ʮһǰҪṦˣŮ̫ҽ׷ϣǿЦ
ʮߵǰš

ʮŶ롣
棬ԼĶӺСһԵĺһ۵ĿԼĶӣʱʱЦ⡣
ǸͮȻʼˡ
ƤĻӣͱԷİƤٽѪӷŽˮйһóʱ򣬾һʺá
ʮɻǣͮⲻŹͷһǽһһʮǰģȴһɵӹǼܣɭɭĹͷ·˺Ž˺󼹷
һĻڳ˼УеĶӶ뿴ˡ
˼˯ŵĶӽ˺УȻƲͮǰ
һֵŮ̫ҽǲеϧ
ϧβУɲ˵ҩˣΪеĲҪһЩơָЩƵʱҪõȥǶ硢Ѫܲ˽⣬˵Ķ˻һԣֻҪһʱ䣬һʺ󣬰һЩնʬԼҽȻһʼҲҽˣġ
ߣһڣһҹĿ࿴̫ҽ
˼Ӧɱͮһסջ󣬾ͰѺӸ˹
ңǵĺĺܺá
˼Ƿǳͮʮ⣬Ǻȥˣס
һǵȣҲǺ˵򻵣ϾʱŮˣ󲿷ֶǿܳԷġ
ֺǺԭͮ˼ټͮԶָлǰʩչһĽ֮㣬ãԼһܹ˵ϻͬС
û׼պǻиཻ棬ĴҵҲҪͮЭԼġ
л佱ǰЩСǵǲ֮õġ
ˣˣ㣬Ҹ򵽵ν£
ܷһ˵
˼һᵽͮ˾;
˼ͷһۺֿһʮ˶֪׼ǸʼҳϹϵˡ
˼ͷ㣬Ҫúʮȥġ
˼ģʮͮĶ
ӵģ㲻ҪҲ°߰ɣ
ôܣȥ˳ܲƤˡ
ͮһʮĸٰʲô˰˴ưʵͱİΧˮйͨұֻ֤Ҫһʲô飬֤ĺѿ
˼ͮˣʲôУʮ˵ͷʮ鲻ԸĴܲȥƤ
Źϣ˼ɻĿͮڿ˵𣿡
ʵҸΪ˵˶İҸҲǸУҲ£ֻֻԸ򵱸СŮӣԸкһͨԼҽ¸ǮˡȻǰһϣյ˼ҸԼӼűնϢ
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ԭͮĸǱȥһɿİտڲɿĹһСڵ˻꣬Ȼʵ塣
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ʲô˱ֻҪŪʯٵС
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325 ۵

ͮǿһķ򣬳˼˲ͮڵ˭ˡ
ģҵķҵģ˵ġ
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¿ɴСʺ˵ǣ㣬һЩҲвģڻϵƤӵ¸СϲûΪ棬ֵ֮⳯һѪȷˡ
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326 һɫĹ

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ЩտֶɻģΪǵϣ˼ָǮʹ쾢
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԰ҲһյĹ򲻿˾ȥˡ
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327 ǮͿɽ

һֱأ
Ϊʲôûŵ
ͮδ˵꣬˼Ѿ˰ۡͮǲϲġ
ֱֱȥģе㲻ϲ
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漴۽ǵƳܡ
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˼һڣ·󣬾ںͬһȥ
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˼ĶҪˣǮȱҪһɽǾͺпһʾ޴ĲƸ
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328 ͷ

ǾͰú͸Ұɣ
㡭ȷڡ
ŵĿ˼
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ɩҪӹúֱϵڱ顣
ҪԺʲôٹôһеĺҪɳ˼ˡ
뵽ֿ˻Ҫô˿ţҪЦˡ
˼֣صĵ˵ͷ˼ȷһԩͷһɱĽǳ˼ɲôΪ
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ֻҪһǰδ˼Ͳÿ
Ȼúϵţһˮʯ
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˼Լ⣬Ҳþֻܾ˵ӲͷƤ˵ţġ
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329 

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330 С

ѾˣܿһЩҪݡֿʿĽƣ飬һƬҡ
λǡ뺮ϣСţ
ͨһ˵ϡ
ʿҲʯ˵û뵽Ǿְصú󣬺ȻһôǾȻ֪
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ʿǷӦ󣬷׷׹¸ͳ˼ͷл
˼ЦӯӯѽƻɣǳǡȻǵ̬ȡǶݿŵĲȴҸʮ⡣߲˭ţȻҲǵĵˣɣ
˼бҪǰϸڸúԾͺԣȫûбҪȥᣬһ˷ѵĻʱ䡣
ϲҪ֪ɱǿǱһֻϻҪ׵ġ
úԺǵˣλһЩ飬Ҷúù˿󡣡
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ƣͷһؾԼĽҲһܵģǷƧ˼ѹʶһשŻʲô
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˼֮ǰԼҪ˵ȫ˳
ΪѵĿ˼֪滹һÿú֮߽ųɵǮһЩܹ
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ۣ󣬿ܻһӣҸҩܵκӰ졣
Ŷ˱ͷˡ
ЩҪǲ˵ǳԷûζе ɻˣҲʱˡ
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331 μһС

ȥȻ˵Ҫ͵ӪĥĻǺһ͸°ˡ
ڼԼһȸֿʧãȻǽӿñʲôҪʵ֮ǰ˵ЩɹĴ׻
ҹˣһӤ˯ޱȰէһҸһڣ֮ϡ
磬˼뺮԰緹˼ι˶ӣͰѶӽͮʮչˡ
˼뺮׼ȥݷ˵ʲô¡
˶ǺϤһ磬˼ʮԶúš
ɳ˵򵼣ȳ˼뺮ʱѾ¹ڳվſڵԡ

˵غԶҪõ
ԶԶҲͰʱ·̡
Ǿȥˡ
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ΪȲִĽֻͨҪ·̫ٻȵһ˶Ҫϰ죬ֵ˼Ըÿ춼ٵ㣬ҲʱռԼ
ֻùϵȻԷߵļңҲܷһԼĿڲţΪ˺úýһ
ʱļſڡ
棬ļҿǱסĵطҪɡ
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ŵС˹ǷĿһ˵ʲô°
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С˹һֺ˵
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С˹ԣæλ롣
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С˹˵ѾǶ˲ˮ
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λ˻󣬵ǵ۶Ĺٻ˼ңҲǺιˡ
ι˼۾˼ԣҪó˼뺮Աš
˼ҲֱܻԵҽг˼λҷء
˼ء
ι˵֣ϵİֺ룬ţԴǸ˵ͷһǰƵģʹúιֱ̱ڵء
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С˹Ҳŵòᣬڹؼʱ̣ǷԼҵү
ιãҲǺðβŻ
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˼Цߵιߣֽдŵ˺ιԱߵϡ
ιϸϸһ飬ˡ
ˣˣ϶Ҫҵ
ιԹ԰һյĹ򣬶һתͨһ˺˼Ľűߡ

㣬ΪʲôҪ㣿
װһʲô֪ӡ
ιΪ˱ֳҳϵ̬ȣͰȥ˵˳
黹ôͮĵ󶴰տ˵ڴ֮ǰúҲŸոսھ򣬵ûڵǡ
ʱǧպι֪ͣúͷڳǣʱ뵽˽ʳɢͼպľ޶ꡣ
ιҲǵǮۣ͸ǧıϡ
һúʳɢ󣬾ǻúİҩҩЧ̫󣬶ַùʶ˲صľ档
Ϊ˰Ūȥǧ뵽ͨķӣȻһе
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ι˵꣬˼ĵõļΪϧȴһЩûйϵɥȪ
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Ǻܷ˺ιһιҲһʱɱÿһ۾εǸеһСʵǿ಻԰
ιᣬԴȴΪȻ
˼ãιɻ֮εͮļˣǧҹ˾ʱܰ˯
˵ǲű˵Ĺײİñ˵ɻڴ
-

332 ͷ

ᣬֻҪ֮Ѽǧ֤
˶𣿡
ι󲻸ĵĿ˼
˼ϸüһѲ㻹뵱
ιͷ㣬˼㶼ҪЦˣôãͷһؼˡ
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ˣҾ
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ȨǺι֪֮ϾйǰƵˣܸȥҲҪһġ
̶Ϊޣ˵գ˼뺮Ҫ뿪ιңι˳˸
ڼ˼ȥʱ򣬺ιȻ뵽һ飬æ˵λԵȣһһ档
˼ԣסӡ˵ɣ
֪ʳɢĿǰֻڵ۶ĻܲжΪ󳼶á
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˼׻˵ĺãΣյĵطȫĵط
ЩǲǧһΪඣ
ǡ
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ߣȱȥż졣
һҪǧҵı飬ιС඼Qˡ
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ǧʲôĺֵÿ϶ǣǧҲҪһƤ
󣬺ѺιպҪ˵ʱʱ˶Ļ뿪
ιЦһҲ·𿴵һУʣµӣͺúõԴֲЩͿ°ɣ
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˼εҡҡͷһǺűʣ׼ԲĵطһǺš
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ʵڲ˼Ҫͷȫġ
˼ѾھܵĽˣȫȻһ˵̬
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333 ȷ

Σ˼ֻýԴȡĳóԷ󣬲ɵó˳ǡ⵱ǴӱԴȡģ
ŲŵĿǣ˼˵ͷǵģףͷǺѽӸȡ˰ɣ
ǲֻɫϸӣֹסķθ
˰ˣˡ
˰֣ȻһƬʹͷԼҪ
˽ʱ䣬˼ѻҩķ̸˵صһУ˳ҩƷú󣬳˼뺮ڵڰյ糿ŵ۶ǵķн
;ֶһλͮͮڣ˼ܽ˫ʱϢһˡ
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˼æ˪ɩ𼤶ҵֶôܲȣֻ¶Ҳû˽ҪǷĴҲɷնͷ꣬ҲøúһΡҪǷĴҶΪϴˢԩ
󣬳˼ֿ᪡
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ɱԩңʵ¶·ҲûɶϵڽԵģȻ߳һӣ·統Ůӣֶţ٬ʱҶǸˣû뵽·統ȡֻ˶ԷһƣӾ͵زȻ°ĭһغˡ
᪽ȥ˵һ󣬳˼һҲƽ
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ЪţٴСӣסһΡ
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УҾô̫Σ˵ڴλΣա
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Ǹջ·ϾͱһδҲ̫ˡ
˼֪·粻һСӣë˳·磬·Ҳһ֡
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ʱҲ˿ڡ
ϲЩҪȥ¸֪ࡣ
˼æסϵȥ·˵ɣʹˣܲסЩϢĸš
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334 渵

ǾŰɣ
ϳ̾һ
˼ο˵Ҹ磬¶ҵϣɩʲôȥʲôҪֵʲô鶼ûз
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磬ͱ̭Լˣ㲻ǻһ־տҽ𣿿ˣ¶ǣ࣬ô򵥡
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335 

һʼ˲û˵ǽһŽ˶κꡣ
κ꿴󣬲Ӷסˡ졭ģǧǲǷˣ
ûз裬ֻǮˡ
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ţԣҪδ˸һ𽫺ʳɢԲˡ
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336 ٺ»̫

һ۶Ƕը˹ܺܶնڼǴӽַйغʳɢϢ
ӴֶСʱһΣòãһ˾ͷˡ
ǿɲҺкȻЩӵ˳һԭ

˶ҳţֻôԼҵŷ̽ͷ̽Ե⿴뽻
ฮĻĻϵ־ټ϶κδ˵һǧˣνƺƵ
ʱĹ۶ж۷úʳɢĵط
⣬ڸطָӵԼд֮⣬˼뺮ȥĵڶңִס
ҲǲãӶûȺ˺ͺԼƺƵ
ôҲ
ǲһڣʵڽбʧţ
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˼ȥζĿ˵Ǹɶõ˲ţ·ҲȫĴпҵͷ
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˼һϣĿ
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ţǾֻͽǧһˡ
˼һá
磬ǧͷ٤˴˵۶Ǹõǰ
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ߣһСС֪¹򣬼ֱǳ˵Ρ
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κڶ쾪ľ䡱
ţǧһ۴Сȴһţǧһȣֱӹڵء
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˺ãʰǧֱʰһֻϻҪ򵥡
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ǧһͷιǰ
˼һ죬С֣м̧һһ˸á
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Щҵģ棬ôҵġ
ǧѰصԽԽҵ
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˼һָ˽ڵϵʮӴ˿
Ӵ򿪺ȫǳȻƵĽԪʮƽ
κ˲۾ŵһ˶ʮ֪ΪֹмҲƼûԪǧȴôࡣ
δˣЩǱɽһǣǴѳ˽Ǯǲǧְλ̰֮ǮơЩĺʳɢȴǰƽ𣬲Ѿ乫ˡ
˼˵գǧһûֱ˹ȥ
ȻκȴӶȣһ۷Ըˮ˸Ūѡ
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ǧһִӵ
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ţ졣
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˼һۼԲǧֵʱ򣬿˿ڡҪ㲻ñ£֪ĻΪأ֤֤ڣǧһҲ棬ΪʲôֱӿͷǰѺ͵Ѷ
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ǧͷһ𣬺ܲϵŤһ顣
˼ΧŲǧһȦȻһԪݵһСзݣġ
һյĹ򣬳˼ڳһԪ
ˣ˼˶κһӽԪŵöκֱӹ˳˼ǰ
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337 

ʹãǮٲգٵǸա
κ껰䣬Ҳ˼˫ֳеĽԪ
˼һĻΪжЦ˵ˣҸΪ˲ٲЩǮԸҪҪԸҪ¡һδ˻ʲôҴ෨Ӳǳͽһ𣿡
˼ĻκһŶ衰лԪپˡ
Ҳ°ɣǺ⡣
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뿪ڣų˼뺮ְݡ
һĻڲǧУĴۣЩȫǮƾʲôһ㶼ƾʲô
ңҡ
ǧĴʹöɱһĺС
˼ȴΪȻʮӽԪϷ䣬а䣬˼ˣʣµķָɺʳɢĽʿԼǣһ£ʣµĽԪͱ˸̧ˡ
ǧ˷ų˼֡б¾ɱңαĥϷ򡣡
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˼С֣ţһλµŮֱӴӸſ˽
ǧˣɫ৵һ¾Ͱˡ
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û뵽ǧǵңΪһ֮˽Ҽ֪ûӡ󣿡
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ǧŵֱ̿ˮ㡭Ҫʲô
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ǡ
κһ亹ȻѾ뵽˼ʮڲǧû뵽ǧķʽս
˾ڸſΧ۵ϰҲǻһ𣬺ûзúʳɢۺʳɢ³Ƿúʳɢ˾͸˵ˡ
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ƭģǾ˵Ǳȥġ
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һƬȻͷϵõ˳·ӦʣʾڹֻҪһ¶δζ·米ڹ˵ʵѾˡ
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338 ܷܷ

·ӣҪûг·磬ֻҲ㣬ÿ춼Ǵ⣬ʳ
ԣֻӲͷƤϳ·硣
ʱ˿̣ҲѾฮ
մӳ֮ϻ·ڸѹҲǼΪı۾С
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Ŷ룬ȻԸֳ¶ˣ˵λ ͬ죬Ҫǲү֪үҪʧˡ
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ɿһ˵Сүӿˣ޷ţҪָ˵
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޷ӲǻϵʦʦҲλµʥˡ
ൽ޷Ѿϣͷһ裬üͷֻëë档
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޷ӽյصһ顣
һѶͷϵ亹ʵӣǺ˴󵨣ѽ
»ⲻ֪أҵ˽ͷǴܡ˯ٲӿΡպýҵ鲻ãֻƣѧν̵Լġ
޷˵գûɵһ졣
ģһϼӹ̳ܽ·СӣԲ÷ʧ
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޷һ˵ȻѽӶûѧãķܣˣүү̺ܽó·硣һбѧҪ̣Ͳٴ˴ˡϣһټ·磬ܹ̥ǡ
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ܿ죬·ӿεϢǴ˳˼Ķ˼ЦСԽԽ
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۾ЩŵĿų·᪡ѽҵСүɲĵط߰ɣ
ŵʧɫһԵܷܷ·ץס˾ݣеĹ٣ֱ˳·Ľǰ
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ܷܷδ˵꣬ͱ첽̨ļ󺺸Ѻȥ
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ջ˻Ѻܷܷȥ˰ٻ¥ĺԺ
ܷܷһߣٻ¥·ţ̨µĿͲͣشŻùݽĿ
·ʲôҲûǾֱߵ·ǰ˵Сүԭȷ涨κ˶ӰӪյӣҰٻ¥ûκβ飬ԣǻˣҲ˵Ͳ𣬻ȥҪ⡣
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339 С

󵨣ҪЮҼүҿǻòͷˡ
᪼·µ޻˵ӳΪһСΡ
ŭգֱӽ󺺽᪸·綪˳ȥ
صˤʯϣˤۡ
⻨ǲײĲᣬȥСùұ𡣡
·ϵĻңȻԼ书Ǹٻ¥Щһȣ࣬˱ѽ
᪵֪·Ҫһͷ
ףҪ֪ǵ˰ٻ¥ʲô뵽
᪵Ļ·˳˼
ʱѺȥܷܷһ˾͸صĵ˵ϡ
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ȥһ
дý˴Ĵȥһ
ܿ죬Ѷ
ɨһܣ˼Ȧ뵽һ޷ļƻ
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Сͣڳ·翴С
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СˣȦڡӦúʵĿȺķˣ˯ĿͷǴǸϢ
ңĿûмˣûѣûйҵˡ
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䣬·˫ֱ̳˰Сֽϵ
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·ţһǻץ˵ʱûа￴ҲץôһˣҲǺڵҪ
Сģ·粢ûбֳ̬ǸͬС
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340 ж

Сſţ˾ֻܺ˾ȳ
š
С᪵֣һֻõɵϲȵϲ̵ſڡ
·νŴ򿪣ȳʮŸ
Щ˶ģûģ޷ǵСЩѳ·統뻨һͬ
λʱֻฮķܣطѾˣʣµľͽҺ᪡
л¹ӡ
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·翡һ죬˼ץץԴ˵֮Ͷѣҳݡ
󣬳·᪳˽Ĺһ£ںԺſڶصŮ
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˭
·˼ţԺкȻֳһС
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ʱܷܷǱѺ͵ԺģʱȴӰһܷܷĿкܶࡣ
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᪸ԸܷܷǺֽԼһԤУ·Ҫȥ׶༪١
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Ϊڴ˿̣һڹڶܵ˻ǰ뻨˵ʲôңĿҲʱʱĳͶ
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Ȼǲûн䣬ƿԺеľǣµǰʱ˽Ծ̾ѡ
ԭںԺľбж졣
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341 ǽ

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·еţֵطĻȥ
˱͵˾£˾·һ˵һҡ
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뵽·ĺ󱳶һ亹
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345 ľ

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346 ݵʶ

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347 ׽

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348 С

յĵ۶ɢڣܶ緹ǧСǶ˸ڽֵϹȥ
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˼Ȼ֪С̯룬Ҫ֪ˣĪ˵ۣҩС
Ͼõ㣬˼Ͳһ׵ñ˵ˣ˭ãͶ˭á
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κ͵ͷͷǵ˼Զԡ
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˼ɵõ·᪵δ·ֶ᪣ʱ˼Ѿ˵ԼĵܵܣȻҲʮֵġ
¹źһصİ֯ȫһЩ书ǿİͨѡճΪһ˱һЩɱ鱨ɱҲǻԭĻˣ鱨һвԭչ鱨ԼЩͼ˺ԭ鱨βСү͵ĵطǽбıͷǳɳʱ䣬һЩ
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ⲻ֪ЩǺҹдŽκġ
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˼Сǲ֪ԷԸԸΪһҽߡ
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ɣԺ͸ңľС䡣
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349 ҹӪ

ͬʱСһ¶˸ı
ܿ죬С͹Сȥ
϶һ裬ЦſԼ˵ϲСֶһࡣ
˼һһԵͮеģȥ˸еطת棬Ҳøöһ̸ļѵء
磬Ѱ˼ţҪҪ͵һܽϿĵطһ¡
Сеطܽͷ۵ļһ𣿡
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˼ͷ˵ţҷһר֯ƽʱһЩ飬ȥĥһǽǵĹٻ佫һĻ
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˼ѣɩ˪Ը񣬿϶öԷȥԿġ
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ߵ飬˼뵽Ҫ뺮˵߶˵߶öԷ£ܵչһ³·᪣Ҫ̫Ͽ
󣬳˼ȥฮΪǶõСԺСԺ󣬷ͮҲ
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350 

󣬺ų˼һİͬʱǰɽȥ
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˼Ϊǻᱻ׵Ĵû뵽һûİϲ˵̣߹ֱֳֳӽǼ˵նڵ¡
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˼ĿԭԼķҲǳͷβѪ

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˼ҧһڣֳЦ⡰óԣû뵽ЩĳӱȼеĳĶóԡ
ϵЦǣİУкüġĲ˵Էһ飬ɲκˡ
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351 ͥ

˵ҲǣԲãʱİҹӪزҲա
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극а׼˹˼뺮ЪϢķ䣬˻صУ˻죬ǳ˯ȥ
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Ȼڳ˼ɹʱ̫һоĳ棬Ҳû
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352 ʹŮ

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ȥҹӪأ޷ͨһطǸ׳ĳɳ룬ҪǶã粢Ǳ濴ôá
гƸжһĳΣҳΪˣһӾˡ
Сͱ˭
ڳ˼ǷǵʱͥСֲ˲˼ϥǡ
˼ЦѾߣǲֱ֣Ҫ㡣
ţҲǵŮ𣿡
ͥʵ
˷ۣ˼ʲôϾͯ޼ɡ
ԵЩƣĺȴô룬ֱӣĳסͥһ첲˵ѾߣǵŮҪô͵Ůﶼˡ
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353 һ֧̼

֪ˡ
ͥͷ絷⣬ȴһ
òǵŮȻȥǸһ۸ġ
һ˵Ů񺣵׵һԵ޹ʵķ𣬻ϲԵ޹ʵĴˣһ룬ͥ;ú¡
˸˵֪ͺһɶӺ󣬷׷׽ͥ󿴿ҿر·ˣЦ춼ϲ£
ҪȻô˵СҲСʱɰ˷ˣڵĳ·磬ǰûûССҷãֱӹؽա
ʱͥΪһӵ³ԱܾԸףУ·᪶Ϊͥ׼
СӣõóԵĶ
ȵ·ʱ˲ǽӣǽ
ЩʵȫǸ˼Ķ׼ģؼ̫СʺϴЩ
һһС̽ǾͲС¶ˡ
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˼״æóΪͥڡඣٿ޴ҾͲϲˡ
ţҲޡ
ͥ߬Сȭͷỹֹס
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôǿģ˵ҲƲˡ
극רΪͥʰһСԺӣͥѾչӡ
ǰ߳˼ܽܣһͥպңҲиһϯ֮ء
Ѿߵ¶˼ȫûҪΪСͱܹȫʤΡ
һ磬˼뺮ͥ˺ν˻ģ˳
˼ͺ׵һԶӣͬʱ˪·˾ҪʱʧȥԼĶӺ
˿̵ฮڣϡɫ࣬ǳ·˺˪޿ûӡ
ǳ¼ҵѪҲȥԺѧϰ¶ˣѹѧĵϣΨϰһ书һ£Ÿǳ¼Ѫ
һݲٽ͡
ϸ᪺ͳ·ŵ׶ڴ·ĵǣڣͷһһҹӪأ־֪ʲôõطȥɶҪޣǻˡ
·ȴһĽľʮʮλֵܣ书ǿڸһЩ顣
һᣬʮʮΪһ˲š
ãű򿪣˪ŵۿԵһЩ·˻еƲסʱĲᡣ
ȳպÿ·æ˹ȥ˱һʵ
Ҳû⣬̲סпԴҵฮ¶һСү࣬ģֻҪܳɲţҶˣЧң
ȷһʼ·ܲȥԼСԾԾԵӣֻܴͷΪѾ벻ˣҪû᪣¶ᰲġ
᪺ͳ·ǰⰵҹӪص˪һο޺ǳţԼӾҪܵ·һȥˡ
·Էͳ·һ̣ԼƲסǵʲô¶ûзǰԷ
ȻԽǱֵ侲о͸èץһΪܡ
СùҲǵģһ̡
Լ󣬳·δĲ˲۾Ͷݵ˺ķ
һԵ᪺ٺһЦѵ㻹ǵֻææ㡣
ǰһӱӡ
·죬ܿƽЩ
ѾϴСˣСʱԼСùãȻЦġ
˻죬ʱ򣬸ϳͣһСӱϡ
СүһӶ˰ɣǸˮǽһ£ȵĿĵأܴسˡ
һݵ·ǰ
·ӹ˵࣬ͦġ
˶װĿ϶ͷ̲ˣû뵽װȴֻлúҶĽӣɽȪˮȵȣ֮һж˫ݵġ
Եһʱ򣬳·̲סᡰģһѧã͵ʧ
ųţ˱뵽˳
һȴڿͷ·״󷽵ĽʣµţɻһЩƷȫ˳
жĽͲˡ
·ЦĿų˵ڸͲôˣˣǳ⣬ͷ¶
Ա˼·
ⲻ֪ڳ·֮᪳һ֧ܶͶ˳·᪡
˼ճ緹ҪιԼĶʱǵ˽
㿴ʲô
һֻ̼ϡ
˼ɨһۣ޷һ֧̼ںģûʲôڲͬĵط
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354 

Ȼϸ֮£˼ȴľѡɹĺ
ڳһμɵļһֵ֮ʱ򣬶Է˺
˵
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·Ѿ˳⣬Ҫǻ˶֣練ơ
֮ʱɱ˲ɹϣȴǸ˲١ֻЩˣڱĻ£·Ӧûల¡
ҲûеףԼֲ˵Щʲô
˼ǾòģúɳһЩ书ǿİȥͳ·᪡
󣬳˼һĲǿ
ʱ򣬺緹˵¥֮Уͥ˽ӣԼС룬һԳԷ
˼Լһƣ˿ʼС
ζ˼ͷ̶̾˿ôɭϣǸɹ˻˽
ˣҲɵıݣҪǰԭóǽΧɹԭʮּѡ
һ˳˼Ҳɹù򣬼ȻҲɹĹβԼԶɹڣ̤ԭ벽
ʱһãɹڱؽ궯ҪͶԭʱҲһ߽⡣
ϾˣҲֲҸСϰա
һļƻ»ķѺܶôˣܱԭܵйϮ
ʲôƻ
еľƱٴο˼۹˼ּ
𼱣ʲôģѾᷳˣ֮ǰǴ˺ü֮꣬أȺķѲ˼޹βñ˲Ҵǣǲɵһûǳ̨ϷսԼԼ
˼˵ģɵĻԽԽͿ
ͥڳ˼ֻź뿪¥
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ʱ˼ѾźһƫƧԺӣԼԼҶ⣬ɵ
˵ÿһ仰غԭİΣ˵ʵڵģҲ̣˭úõϲ뿪磬뿪ԼֿأȥĵطѪ˲ɡ
κεйڱ߾£С
ϣܱܣˣκһִˣεˣԭĹ
˼˺һ飬ͷ㣬жԼҪչֳĶ
ĩˣ˼һķĶ˳ɫĽ滹кֵֹܶİť
Ǻ

˼Ϊ˵Ǽֻһ⣬ȴܻ
˼˵꣬˳ǡȻôΣգɣ
˺ġ
Ϊúⶫ˼ͰѺ彣ϡ
ţ˼˺ɫťһʵĺ⸡ֶ
ɲǼ䣬ŵĵɴ˫ۣ󣬳˼һɨǵĺ⣬ɨȥֱӴжϳض
ˣӳ˼нӹѵĵطһƽпڣƽʲô̶ȣйȫǱжϵġ
̫ˣеĶǱ
ų˼ͶȥһĿ⡣
󣬳˼ͰܷĻͣˣС֣Զ󿪵Ǿ⣬ԭΪǧĹȡ
һǻѪȻ˼ȼǺܿɾȥ
ƾһػԭǲе㼦ߣǧǻԽģգҪɱС
˼˺ı仯ҲŽͣǾһʵ飬ʵ֤Լ˵ÿһ仰ǿеġ
ֹ죬ӰҹӪشϢ
·ѾȻִֻǿϧ˳ɹϡ
˼֪ǰΪ˱·磬·絲һǼ縺ˣȫһӵΡ
˲࣬һ·ˣǳ·ĸǳ˼ܶԵԼԼ¼ڵĳ롣
ԣҪ
ˡ
˼ļ϶˷š
˿̺Ѿ֮ȥˣô˲СǱˡ
ɣ
䣬Ŷ롣
˼һ۱ңֳЦ⡰ôоˡ
һ죬ϡͿ˵һ䡰Сү˵ϲֺŮ˵Ůӡ
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355 Ҿе

ѽҪǻСӺҡ
˼ûЦ
¶Ρô᣿
кӾϲŮɵ˶ˣҪǳȥݶѡ
˼Ե˵
ĵļһ㱻߽⣬ԽԽԾ·磬´μ㣬һͷ
˼⸱Ҫɱ˵ģЦסЦʱΪ¡
һϳļฮſڣ˵Ҫһһ
ɱ߳ɱɹѾˣ˵Ѿûˡϳȵĳ·磬ݶһţֻû뵽ļ˾Ȼ˺֣˳ġ
˼̾һ˵ˣļ˾ߣųΪΪ
ɱֲҪǿЦ
֪ˣױͻฮһˡ
ǡ
æ߹ʼΪ˼ױ硣
һƺ󣬳˼¥û뵽˸߳ţͿ
鲻Ц⡣
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ĵ˵ؾ븮ŲԶҪฮ飬ú˵
˼һۺƲֱ˺Ż
˼һĪַʲôֵ飬ˣ϶ҪԼͬеġ
Ҳ˼ÿλãЦĿų˼˵һϢһϢһ
Ϣ
ϢǱҪһҡ
ġ
˼ʵû뺮ģֱӿżɽϢأ
Ϣǻͬļƻԭ㵱ʵء
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˼ûطѾ֣ԶóԣĿǰǰ¶˴òǡ
ܿ죬ǵฮ
ļ˽ײġȦʲôģȫᵽฮſڣ֪ģΪ˶ฮأ
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һ̹أ
ĸ䶼ʮ£ҸǷֵŮӣϿǻڳûܵסס۷׷ףվԶ
ʲôฮɱʲôˣǮİɣ
ǣͺˣأ

˼ɨһȦδԼĵฮһѾ߶ûܼĳ˽ַӣҲǶ½յɫˡ
λŮʲôԸ˵ʲôֻҪ֣ҶܴӦ
˼ںͬ£ߵλ˽ǰ
λͷ˼ͺⲻԷƺ͵λŵ
μμ
˶ų˼ͺǹ
ɣ
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λվתһȦվмָ˿ڡޣӻѧͷ飬һߣҸҵӿôѽ
ҡĶŮδ󡭡
ֱ˵꣬˼ϸһ飬Ҳ˵ӣŮģͷۣ˼ЩڣˣҪǮƽ˾һǮΪฮ˼ʮûйҲƣ͵ġ
ҪǮ
˼ֱ޻䡣
ָ˵Ҫ
Ҫ
Ҫ
˵꣬˼װһ۵ģǺðɣҾ˽Ǯ͵󸮡
û뵽ôʹ죬ҪһۣƵһԺҪɱ˵Ŀ⣬һˡ
壬ߣõģһҲʮҿǻƽҪǻƽ⽫ɱΪҲ˷ѿԸ⽫ƽƶգҲιͷĸʨӡ
˵󣬶ȺеļæײĺһЩ߰Ķ̧ˡ
ѷ֣Щ˵Ķӣ˵ƻǵĶġ
¶󣬳˼֧һеİԸȥ⳥ļҾ죬Ǯƣֱӵ˷á
Ȼȡ
Գ˼ıֺ⡣
˼ȴǲõ˵׾Ӧ棬ȴվһһ
ôûгӶɳأ
ָԼЩ۵۾
κγ˼ЦͣûסЦ˳ķȫɵˡ
е˵û˶ŽŴһ죬ͬʱ˼Ҳ˳Ĺܼҡ
ܼҲ˲۾Ŵ򿪡λôҲ˵һ
˵Ŷˡ
˼Ц
-

356 С

ฮ·û¶һԺ壬ԼİŮˣæ꺮ů
֪ڵĸѾ˺ظһһװ
Ժѡˣѡֹ¶ߵˡ
ô˵ฮԺ󶼳˱֮ˣĪ˵˭˭ĺãֻǱ˭ҡ
˼䣬һ˶̲סЦ
緹˼ǻص˺
˼𣬺˵֮ءǺεذ
ֹߵĵط˵Ҳ֣ȥʮˣﵽɴݲֻԸ̤㡣
üص˵
˼ȴΪȻطԶ𣿡
Զھӹϵһ￤һǰ￤ഫΪųǣ˭Ҳ֪طڶá
˼ԭطʹڡ
һЩԭʽĴԭеģϧˣжˣ̣ö֮ճǳء
Ļ˼ĶУʹó˼־ϲ
жֻһضʱɵģȻҲ貵̸֮
˼ԼĪǳصĵصһдĹǱ룬һСĴ˻أʹڵĳǳشݲ
ŵ˵Ϊ˴ʹ˼ʵܹɹҲǶԽģطӦò̤㣬˴Ϊŷɥ
ߣ˼ã룬ôпܷһʺơ
ȻǮֻٳɼߵĽһ˳С
鲻ôãһֱûڷܴʱԼʱЦʱתտգ;òԾ
ôˣ
ĵĿ˼
˼ֻ赭д˵˾䡰ȥ￤Ͱ￤һ
ɣֻҪǻȥˣʲôҲͻж
֣ص
˼ȴĽɵСƣνİڰ˵ˣҽ
Ϊĳһ˿Ц⣬Ȼû˵ʲôĹԼĽ
磬˼˴ιӺ󣬾һٶС䣬Ӷˣ͸Է̷ۣ֮ǰմһ㵽ֱ֮ϣ˾һν΢޾ϸСԸһ顣
ڱңҲ⣬Ҫͥʶ⣬Ҫչͥӡ
ͥҲʮ֪˼ͺҪȥ£һ㣬ߵ˸ǰ·עȫ
ţҲҪԹȻͲóԵˡ
˼ֺͥС
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һʱ䣬е㵣Լӣ᲻ᱻԼһֺС
һУ˼뺮ǰ֮һ￤
У˼ͺʹʮʮΪҲǲעĿԣһͨͨ˭Ҳ֪ϳǺصİ֮һʮģҲͨˣǺԼ书ǿʮ
￤￤һ۶ǣִľ㣬ٹ֮Զ൱ڿʡˡ
ٶȣҲͱĦгһ㣬ԣûʱ䣬ȥ￤ġ
ʱ˿̣ԶڰҹӪص᪺ͳ·磬Ѷǰ󱳡
һһŶͷǷĽݣܣɽͻᱻΧ
߿ԣܴǡ
һ⣬ûʱ䣬ڽҲڽܱȱŬٱʲǿ֮Ĳࡣ
үҺһڵţѽ
£ԴֱֻʸڽԵϣ·ҿǰ·Զûǻŵ֧ţѹ½ˤˡ
·ҲùȻݸ߹󣬿ڰҹӪأҲ͸ͨûʲô
ΪˣûнӴ书֮ǰһ¾ݡ
ʲôʱһأϸٽžˮһ֮ڴһˮ
˵׶ΣΪҹӪصһӡ
ǰ׶ˣ밵ҹӪ޹ء
ϣţ棬ڿǱؽֵؤңǿȥ˵ɣ
·ҧأѵ
̫Ҫɽʱɽ
ȻȴǵĲǲĲͷһԳưҹӪСҲ硣
СԷ20꣬˳һ㣬书ڰҹӪؼܵУƽŹˣˣͻŷ۸
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357 صԷ

ӴôˡȻˣǾͰҵ·ϴ˰ɣסûϴɾ׼Է
ԷЦĿ̱ĳ·᪣һġ
µĳ·ԹĿվ߳ŭ˵Էһƾʲô֪Ⱥȥ
Էϵ·ô˵Ƿһű㽫·ߵڵء
ǰҲññˣ¸㣬㺮ңҲҪ֡
Է˵ޱ棬ڳĳ˳·᪣˸ǲǰ˵һ仰
·类Էһźߣ඼ƺλãܵĽʶҲںԼˣǴĿ⿴ԷԸ磬ǳԵ㷹ٰϴ·㿴Σ
·ϱϹϾʵ͸Է
ڶԷţʱգҪöԷ»
ҲУʡúģ˵˲ͨ
Էһ֮⡣
һԵ᪾ǿϣæһ˵ҼүСùã²£
Է˲ֻ࣬Ǻֱֶǳ衣ٺ˵һ㣬ôǣҲǺĬġ
˵գԷ˵ӵԶˡ
ڵϵĳ·ûзӦһ¶Էļ򣬳·ųһû뵽ǵˣȻҵС÷򡣡
ҲɲǼ䣬·ʲôһ˫ȭͷ߬СùáС÷ǾͿŰɣһʧģǸԷҹ˭һ죬Ϊҵ°ܽ
ɵۣյүղͬյӳڶԷϣȻһҫ۵Ĺâ
ϢƬ̣˻ȥ˳Էĵط
һ춼ûôԷŵû޳
ƽԹߵɽ亣ζȴΪʣһţͻĳȡ
ڳԷķûʲôƣԶٶС
Ӹ룬ߵ˰żľͰĵط
ľͰ֮װиɫȣൽҪͰװˣ˴˼СһӺϺ׼Ҹ˵ģȴͷһͨɵŮӣΪ
·糯ŷмͶȥĿ⣬һ֮£ȻԷ
ԷҲڶǿһϣԷǹһĨǳЦų·᪹˹ָ
˽£ӲͷƤߵԷǰ
ԷĿеĺϺ᪲ΪȻץһֻϺƵģһ߰Ƕһ͡лԸ硭
Ȼδ᪽ǺϺУԷһţֱӽ书Բһ߷ڵء
ʱ춼Ѫ
˷Ż˳·磬ܹȥס᪵ʵô
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ԷҪս㣬ܿУԴˣͲҺ᪡
Уֵûɣ
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·˷ʮֺڣ˵ȥĻ͸óȥˮһĺջأǾʹգԷ϶䱾βƴһƴ
ԷˣݽΪأͦ棬ôһΪθĴںİҹӪأ϶ʲôͼıǵֻ̫࣬Ϊ
·˺ܶ࣬ʵڲװ
ɣ
·һԷһơ
ᪿ۾ֱˣԼүսԷⲻ
ү𰡣ɽڲûա
һȰοȴ룬ԷѾų·羶ֱ˹
·һѽƿҲ˽׼
Сӣʶһ£Ϊôţ
䣬Էھ·׿ĵطͣ
ţԷ̧һƣһƷھǳų·ĸХ
ɲǼ䣬·˵ɳȥǣ·粢ûˣֻƮƮĵ˵ϡ
һнǧ
δȳ·Էһƣ·ԱڵϹ˺üȦԴѣˡ
һнβ
ȵԷʩչеʱһھӳ·ڱȻԸСҲ̫ס
䣬·˵ӣԷĳһơɽţ
ȻưԵޱȵһУʹ̶ڵصĹƣԷǰԷһɻ⡣
Ϊ꼰书ƷҲ⡣
ԷƵ仰һߵ˳·ǰĶס˶Էĺ
-

358 СҪԵ

㡭Ҫɱҡ
Էסĳ·ܵһɳǿɱ
ԷǺһЦɱ㵹ڣֻһ£˲ϲңʲôʲô
·ԷĵΪԷ˺ҪȻͶˡ
ȻԷ»ʹó·ǶѪ
һԱס᪵ǵ˵үͷԸġ
·ƳڱԷһӵΧĶҪᵽɤˡ
ˡ
·򵥵³֣ǲһɣֱӵڵء
ԷһתԭĵطԷ
·Լλã׼ʱԷٶϮǳٳԡ
һΣ·ѧˣһ᪣˱˿ӡ
˳꣬װķȴǴ죬ҪǶ죬䷹ֶӲŹ֡
԰ɣ
·᪣һЦ̻ʵĿ
Ա㣬·ֻãԼôԵóԵһٷ
ǰַſڣʳʲôζеĸܵˣһжô֮ס
˳극ͿʼԷϴ·
ֻԷ·ԷϵõİҲϴ·һʱ䣬˾ͳ˹л·ѾߣΪȺүṩϴ·
Ȼͷƣκ书£ֻӲͷƤɻ
˺ļ·Ҳûб˵ѣԭǣ˼а·ˣһӻԴˣҲڶవ˹ϵ
Էǵ̬Ҳ𽥺ٶԵ޹ʵǻ¶
ദ·ҲĿе֪Էݣ֮ԿֻǺ֮ڴˣ纮ڴˣҲ˵Ǻڿǡ
˲֪ڣֻ֪ڰҹӪʱĺܿ죬ÿҲĺܳʵʱ򶼾ʱ䲻ãͺˡ
һߣ˼뺮Ѿ￤ʮ֮Ĵӣ˵˵￤˾סĵط
壬û꣬Էס޶ҪΪ⡣
ȥջƻûпշ
ʮӧ
˼ĬȻĵ˵ͷ⼸ıеԲˡ
ʮߺʮͣһµ
֣ôĵģϵ˲濴Ϊأ
˼ʮ죬ЦǲڣǱŵö
˵ţ˼ͳһԼС֣СֺģһСͥһǸСɰ
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С־Ŀų˼ԼѾˣһסԼͷΪʲôǸ㻹ܿԼ
СԥһǰĽᣬеĹǣߵ˳˼ߡ
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ҵڼǲҴڼҰʱٻȥһӣʲôʲô˵˷ܸһˡ
С˵꣬˼˲ͺˡ
Ҳ̲סЦһֽСӵϱ˵ǸСɰأ
˼ʮ̯ĵҲ¸Ӱ
˶һСȴƼʮͷ󺹵ˡ
ܱǸ
ʮע⵽˼һСæĿڡү˷ȥջ˭֪ǿջŽգʱſһΪûշأһʲ֪иھֽջˣǻھ¥ȾƣҹŻ
ûұҡ

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ʮûϸ˵ھְǼҿջջżĲ˵Ĵ嶼ùˡ
ʱС˿ڡҵÿģǰھֵĻҵĲ˵ҪǰѷˣɱҵĵһĸˣҪסһټ䷿͸ˡ
СߵļһʯͷһԵǽںݺȥ
˼ȻҪͨ˼ҵС춼ܴӵõһӣ˿СǿջϰĶˡ
Ȼпշ䣬Ǿȥסھֵ˲ɡ
˼˵
ЦţһСǳſջķȥ
˼رϲСĸ׵ԵʣֻҪһСͷ͸
Сʲô֣
ҽ󱦣Ҵ󱦾ͳɡ
󱦰С
˼СһﲻʱһֺɫԲ죬ɵ̿ˮ
Եʲôܸܲһ㡣
˼˵˵ȲҪĻ󣬺ʮʮһ⻹ʶĳ˼𣿾ȻһҪԵģҪǴȥµóΪȫµЦɣ
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359 һ

ԣһҪһӡ
Ŀ˼
˼ɵó˳ǣ⵽˭ҽ̳СѽС֪׬Ǯˡ
ΪŪ󱦳Եʲô죬˼һӸ
󱦽ӹӣһźɫСԲСķ˳˼С
˼ڱǰһ£ʱ;һᡣ
ɽİɣ
ţɽ髺ѿǻһġ
󱦽ͷ㣬ƺڴ˼ɽǷŽ
˼һ֪һᵽҪһ
ɽк󣬳˼һᣬ㽫е³
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ҫȳ˼еĻҪѳԣʵڳԲ£ԾͰǸˡ
󱦼״¶һŽ׵Ц汿ǲǷﻯģֱҧ˳ԣѿǣܵ˵ζǺܲġ
˵ţ󱦾͵ų˼һʵ飬ֻ󱦰ͣһʮܵӡ
˼ڴʧӣȻҲҪҴҪ
˼֮УһˮǳͬǼģ˼аٷ֮ٵģҪŴǺó԰ٱ
󣬳˼ˮǷָʮʮԼԼ˵Ŵ󱦵潫ǷŽ
ˮĹ֮⣬һҧͻйǳ˳˼⣬һгԵóԵǹ
ƺҲʮϳ˼ͣظ̾Ǳ˵ˮǺܺóһ
ͣ²ӣͣſˮ˼͵ʲôҲûпƵļǰߡ
㣬Ҹһӣһųɲ
Ȼɡ
󣬼ʯһ㣬ų˼һ׬˻
ȲĲˮǵװǷŽ۾ֱˡóԡ
ȻСӶϲǡ
˼󱦵ԸϲСʹ󷽵ĸ˴һصˮǡ
Ϊ˴󱦵ݽ˼ⶣ󱦣˺һͳһţҲûˡ
󱦵֪ǹǳϡǱһڻ˭Ҳȥ
⸱ģ˼ԼĶӣ˵ĶҲһɰʱô٩ԼĶˡ
ţ֪Ѿ˿ջſڡ
ʱĿջɹţⲻš
ۼˣŽյſھһɤӡһˣ쿪š
Ƭ̣ջžͿˡ
ʮе㻳ˣ֮ǰ˺ð죬Ӷ磬ƷδҲ̫ˡ
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˼ɲŮòķ޶ˣܾϵʲͨͨĿջϰ塣
󱦣ȥˣղΪĲѴӶˡ
Ůϧ󱦵С
һˮһָָ˼һˡ
ղ˼ҪסջˣǺǮɱôһ⡣
󱦵ĻȻۣȴ͸¶һ˵ļթ
Ůǳ鶯ʵԼû취㳯ų˼һ˹˹˵ǸСˣԸ񡣡
Ҳʷ˵λ·ķǴӵ۶İɣ
˼˲ˣǼ˵д˵۶Ϊʲô̤˵أͱϳݡ
ڳ˼֪ʱ򣬺󷢳ˬʵЦ
ۡƣλ겻㰮Ц
ĻղŶе
һֵ˺ŮҪ¹ȴǱסض뱾о֮ڱеͬڵܵá
˼˹ϵãоԼվԵʮֶࡣ
꺮ů˺ðΣע⵽˳˼üȥ۵ӡ
Ӧһ۳˼Щȷʵλǡ
Ǳ
ĪǽЩͷҽ
һ䣬Խ˵Լһ𣬳ų˼˹ȭ
˼Щ㵣æ߹Բ
λ˽һ֣ʥ˫֣֮£ʤǵģ»ûг
˵Ŀ޺ܸߡ
˼Ҳλ˼ͳɣҷĹ֮ҵˡ
˼˼һҲûУ˼˼̵ĺȫԼˡ
ںۺʹƸֱȴ
һĻڳ˼УǵһʶԼķһ㡣
ԣ˳ǽһ⣬϶бݡ
˼ûж룬۴ƶ˵Ĵ½˿ջ
ʱ˼ʮϢۺʹӦòʶʮ
硢޴ɩǵĿջǱһھֵ˸סǲе㲻ף
ްҪǾȥ
ν˵
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360 ֲ嶫

˼Цݽգ˵ɱ˾ɱˣѵǽһֵɡ
ΧһӰһЦ˼Ī֣ǾǿЦ
֡˼롣
ٴһƣ̧ͷһɫ׼ˣλĻ죬ȥȥ
˵գֱʩչṦʧԭأ˼һһ㶵ģĵǺÿٶȣԼ书ƥеˡ
˼Щ廨ŵ书ðڴţڷ⵽죬֪Ļ֮ܹԵʲôĺóԲȡ
Ĺ򣬴ס˳˼ʲôʲôֱӽŵһߣȫ
Ƭ̹ڿջ¥¥Ĵ󱦻һһ㣬ŴƵķ㿴ҷʲô
üͷɫһ䡰СӣҲ˵Ҫñ˵ĶۼҲǮ
ˡˡ
Ȼ󱦵˼ȴڴƵϣרעеİȴһһģ·жһ
˼ûɵĽƵҲϰ¡
춪
ΪԼҶӵİȫ룬Ĵ
ŵûӵеİ󣬽ŵͬĨһܵ˳˼

ܴô㣬ջǱ˶䣬ӥСһ󱦴ӳ˼קǰ
˭õģ
ջھһˣǣ˭
˫һ̯Ϊ
Сʱ͵룬˻ˣ첻²ҴƵ־͵д
ͷˣӾҪѵ󱦡
˼æֽ󱦻󡰴޴ɩֻ̫ˣҪиܵãҲñ˵Ķ
˼ĻһǣɻĸӶ˵ĶԹ˵ôƵƻɫ
˼˵ˣξĹСӣҪ´Σҿ˭㡣
ƽѵһ󱦺Լλӡ
ʱһֱŮĺͻȻеĲյˣ󱦶ڵϵİ
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Ļ˳󺣵Ĵֻˡ
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˼ָʮʮȥơ
ʮе㲻ǰȥ治ֻèһֻë׵Сˡ
ʮһʮʮ鲻Ըߵǰ׼ֽ⿪ʱ򣬷óԼ嵶õ⽫
򿪺ֵĶŵڳһëȻ
װЫ򼣬ЩؼյɲǼ䣬׷ҵ˻ȥ·ſջĴߡ
˼һʮʮ˵Ҫˡ
ǡ
䣬˵ʣ䣬ҪѵɢӴܵĶնɱϡ
ȷûж󣬳˼һ
˼һһ˫ڴƺʹ󱦿ʮֵ״ϡ
һԴɫŵǰһ¡Ѫ
˼Ļ췽ҹ̷ڰָȥţһȦ󣬺ʹƵ˫۾ñȶһ⣬˼УĪľ
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ȴЦҪˣĹ˵Ҳǧ꣬ǧǰıذ϶ൽۻҡ
˼󣬲ھֵҪôȥ￤Ҫôȥ˰￤ЩǴڵģҶԣطдĹЩھֵˣҲʲôھ֣һˡ
һŵ˷Ƶζ
ʱ۱һʮ˽˿ջ
˱һľӣһ˼Լ˵ŵһ֬Ϣ
Ƴ˳˵˶ǱƻŮôһˣ˵˵ȥȥˡ
һˣεɩӣղ˵ĳӣһĺ޲ñ˰أȻʶҡ
ԭѽ˼ҼԲãǿջ˴ȥֵĺòͳͳʩչôٲˡ
ϡ
ֻӵ֣ǲϴ֮ãջϰǰĲˣҲҿһڹ˵ϰҲ󷽣ÿһٷǶһ꣬ʳĶ򡣾ÿʱҪӵ۱һṦˣÿ۱һΣҪϺþòŷֵ嶫
-

361 ߴ

˳䣬ҲŽȥˡ
ƺ׵ٴγǵССӰ˵͵ԣҪǱҷֲ˲Ͱͻϼҡ
֪ˣȥû͵ϡ
󱦵Ļһֶ˳˼СС;ôԣ϶ԼĵӰ졣
˵ʲôĹĹģǴѵĹ𣿼ȻˣβĹȥһڡ
һ˵һߵյԱߣһյ裬ֱһ
Ʒһۡ˼˵ϵĹ￤߰￤ĵطȻǶðգ˵ھˡ
Ҳֻһ²⣬Ҳȷ
˼ϣһжԼԸҪطûдĹάϵԭȫļƻҪˡ
޷ĸ˻˺һֻӲڣȥúо
˵
˼ô˵ͷһԼҷ
ͷ㣬˼Ҳһ
˼ɽԼļƻ֪ųƽһֵۺʹơ
˵Ҳã˵Ҳ̹ˡ
󣬳˼Լͺ˵ԭͷβһ飬˵ۺʹƳʯ
ã۵һӦ˼˵˵Ǹʲôƾһܱԭǧļٵģ
Ȼģöأ
ܺ˱Ʊ۷Ȼš
Σ˼һۿջĴţᣬţһӣǿջű㱻һεˡ
˼֮̾࣬ĵǣ书ҲͦãһЩ޷飬ܻˣϧǲϲ书
ûв˼ʹһķĶϴγ˼չʾģ漤
ȻۺʹƵעȴķĶϣǳ˼ڡ
˼ǸǬɣûװʲôôͳô
ǰһס˼󿴿ҷ
ڳ˼ڽ͵ʱ򣬺ЦԻ˵Ƕɱ˵Ĺ򣬲Ҳδڱ׷»ر𣿡
ÿ˶ܣ⡣
һĵƵ֡ɿ
ɿɿ
һ۱ǺʹƳˡ
ȻС޵ĸҪȳ˼ԤĻҪãһ˵ĸֻۻԸƵ裬ȵ裬ɤӺٽų
κ˿ţҲзִ硣
˼ʲôѽ
ý߼ǡ
˼С৵һ¾Ͱˡ𶯡
ȻˣƵһţǰѼǵĿ˿ǵɫļƫеĶ׼ſڡ
һ˲䣬˼ſλõĺԼͨҩռתƵ˴Ƶԣǵɫļǲմ˴ţջһֱӸնϣȻǽڳһȻ󡭡
˼ȥ֪û˵ˣǻٶǵĿعص
ʧڳİҲˡ
ⶫȻô󣿡
ǵȻܶϣοʯͷľͷ
˵ţ˼һʼշĲ£Ťͷʯ״ʮʮ˵Ǹǰжʮסֱ·ҪԱȫ
ǡ
ʧҹɫС
һĭŴһôΣյĶֻ˼¡
˵ţ۾ͺ뵽ʲôתŵĿ
֣ṦʱˣһӾܵǵ󣬿쵽Ҷ塣
£
ԽƾͼƣԼĸɸɾ
ϲʶЩ˵¶ˡ
˼ԷʵĲԼһ
ʱˣʮʮҲˡ
һߴûԱ
ţ극ЩǮȥԷ
˼߸ۺʹЩϡ
ȻǲȱǮҲôӻô󷽡
۱ʾֻǿЦȻ䣬۱һеǮļͥŮ˹ǮŮ˻ǮǴִţ۾գӣˣ·ҪԷãȻһడ
󣬼˳ԵĵǢ
ѵô󱦻ʱʱĸ˼вˣ˼ܣʲôóԡ
󣬼죬˼ܹĻһǡ
⼤أûʲô֮װһʯֻҪһ򿪣ͻͷųһɱǿĹâ
˵գ˼ԼЦˡ
ˣ˺ÿһΪ档
-

362 еֱ

˼ЩˣƷҲ˺˼ľ̬Ϣˡ
ʱջķŸ˴һ߿
δһѪζ
˼üͷȴƤڵĴ󺺣໥һм䣬ήҵ˽
мǸˣһѪܵİײԼĲбۣȷе˵ӱ۰򴦶ϵұۡ
˵ùˮҲҭţĵܣǲʲô˵¶үͽһ⣬ĸ첲նˡ
Ϊ׵ǸӴ󺺣Ȼ˵Ļŵǳ˼ܹ˷ǳ˵Ĵ󺺡
ߣҲʲôүΪģҪǱҵǸʼٸߣеģ̫࣬ŮģΪһٸӣȨ
˵ţ˵Ĵ֮Уͷ·˶Ķһ˲ֱӡ
˼˵Ȼ֮ɫ
λ磬СŮӲŶҽ֪ϱۺڣӦܽ
˼ܿƵǰ˵
ĸ󺺼˼ɲǼ䣬ƺˡ
ƯŮˡ
Ӵһĭڳ˼ûãע⵽վڳ˼һˡ
ȻɫһתݵĿƷ򸾡ջѾǰˣôˣǲ˵Ļ𣿡
ֻЦȨʲôҲûֻĿתĿĸ󺺡
ڴƷ˸ûȤֽĿɨˣһʲ乫ӸˣµˡһˣӿջϰĶӣʶģ⼸òƲǱˡ
󣬴ֿ˳˼𣿡
Уĥһʱ䣬Ǵ޽ҲȲĵˡ
˼ָ˵Ĵ󺺡
ļһʶҲƽ˲١λСܳ
ΪҽߣǷ֮£λŵһ԰ĵط
ᣬ̧˵ĵȥ˶¥һ䡣
˼ڴǽԱŵϣֻϱ۷ŵϺ󣬳˼ĳ˵ţֱۿ൱ķʱġ
ôθ˿ǲ뺦ǵĵܡ
һһ˵һòĿ˼
һĺ߬ȭͷǿЩ˻üֵķϣɱˡ
˼֪⼸˿ڿƺϱ۵ΪǵĵܣǣǵĵҪ˶ãҪѪҺɶˣȴ˷ʱ䣬һ׵ģǵİݰӻ߳ƺɣ
˼һ¼Ե˵Լϣֵܺǻȥ
˼Ž˵仰˵˷·ʲôԼֵܺǳȥҪˣǿֲõġ
䣬վǱ˵˻סˣֻûĳ˷䡣
һȥߵʱ򣬳˼ζĿһۺĵͷ˵ڣ˭ҲƵġ
Ÿϣ˼Ѹóһ¡
˳ԣ˼һҩռ䡣
˼Ǹ˲ѪͣȷAѪ󣬶˵һѪȸ˰Ѫϡ
žֹѪ˲ǱͨеֱۣҲǳ֡
˲Уо仰ϻϹͷŽ˵ֱۣǱƲСͷųļֻеǽѪܡͷ׵׵Ķˡ
ԣҪõİֱ۽ϣӹֻһҪÿһҪѪܡȥ
һķʱḶ́˿̣˼ܵҪһ֡
ȴ￤Ͱ￤ȥͿʼСС䡢ͮĿȾֻܿ졣
˼æµһʱԣ·Ѿʧȥ塣
Ⱥˣ˺ʮʮ˶˯һ
˿Ѿ磬ͷʮĶŽյķţͷҲϰ¡
ǲǸˣǵԼ塣
Ѿһҹˣæ֪ˣӦֹʩȣҲǺˣ˾͵е
ȵ緹ãһ˳Էʱ򣬳˼Ŵˡ
ô
ų˼ҿȻһõˣͷ㡣
㵣ˣʱƽҾֱ˯ˡ
˼˼˵
ʼһ³˼С˵㰡һʶͬһң´οɱˡ
ǻԵģҲƽϡ
˼Сһ죬ͷȴһֻӬһﻢ¡
-

363 

˳ԷĴƿһ˵ĻҪЩûаµĵǿôѽ
ѧų˼ĿЦ
õüͷǺ£
ˣó緹ˣɲôȼˡ
˼ߴһ
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ó˼ǣ󺺣ѹ˵ĵܣǳ̻
˳Էķ̫ǰ죬ʹó˼ȫûθڡ
ȹûһ󣬳˼ʹطЪϢ
ʱڳԷ󺺺Ȼһ٣ţе׷׵䣬ȻֱԵڵأĭ
˼״ý룬Ҳ֪жˡ
Ϊҽߣ˼վȣδȳ˼֣ͻȻץԼ

һ˵ǱԼץѪģ˼ͷֱ飬ǳ˵ǰ
˼֧ҪЩ˴ȥʱΪ׵Ĵһץס˳˼󡰾жСж
䣬˵֫ݺݳ鴤һ£һغ
˼ѽŤͷͷҡ˹ġҡ
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ڷıνջΨһŮƭ֣˴ѵɱ𣿡
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Ϊķ˵ĸڣǣʮʮھ¶ǰˣʹƻ޷ʵʩ
˼֪󣬻Ǻ̫ˣֱ͵е¹ٶãֵģ¹ٿ϶ʮ˼
´ˣܳó˧ͳͳͽУòܹ࣬Σ
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ͷ͸һ˵ģôԺ˭ҪǸȾָ˼ֻܳΪ̫ˣҲ˵֮Ĵ
˳극ʮʮͰ󺺵ʬ崦ˣڻڻԵǸҲӦ֮ߡ
˵˱ҧˣ𰸻
ڶ磬ϱ۵ˣ˼ŵ㽫ƿ
˼˼֮ȫǸм֮ɫֿһ۱ϵĶϱۣԺǸػһ㣬һֶָ
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ЩֵܣֱɣзǷ֮룬ϧѾǻȪ·
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һĭһ˵ǾͲӦ
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˻ǳڸмϳ˼Ҳ˼
֪￤Ͱ￤ĵصһĹĸģҲ˵ط綾ޱȣͲµ涨¡Ҳֻһһ׵ĵ뵽餶ûпȴҲľ綾򼡢֩롢ԼЫӡ
ʵ
˼ȴԽԽԺĪǲֹˣ
һ֯Ҳ֪һٺˣֻʣĸ
˵ţ˻ڴض㣬һĵӡ
˼Ȼ뵽һƣһٺ˾ʮȻһЩĻܾ֯һӴŻˡ
βǵ֣ٽıϴһգҲΪԭİΣЩסԭܰȵҪѧж֪࣬Ҳͺģûġ
Ҳ˭ͷ϶
㰲˰ɣסжΪֹ
˼»˳ȥ
ڳ˼ҪԶʱ򣬺һҽ£պõҵĵطܿڡ
£Ҽסˡ
˼ͷĬһֺ󣬱ǿ첽صԼķ䡣
ȥʱ򣬺ںʮʮʲô˼ˣҲܻ䣬Ǵ󷽷ۡ
˵޷Ƕǽô죿˼󣬾ûһƻùԼļƻ뺮˵µ顣
Ҫ֮𣿡
ࡣ
˼Ц
ܺãʮʮڿʼעµһһ
ǡ
뿪˷䡣
ȵֻʣ³˼ͺʱ򣬺ſʼϸʡһԷȫô죿
ţڣʲô
˼ŵ
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364 ·

Ԥϵǣҹҹ˾ʱ͵͵ųһֻŸ롣
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ҹע̫ƽ˼뺮˯Уţ׷۾
ŭĸ۵ģҪ֮ء
ŵʮһ㣬Լ˯ˡ
ֻץסŸڸˣȻ¶ˡ
˼ȴΪȻ֣˵˯ȥ׼ʮʮʲôϢˡ
ţСĵ㡣
˸˯
˼һǷ˵ڶʮһɵҹèϰߺûȫϵǴӲҹΣҲᲪȻŭ
ţʮʮվ⣬˹ǱĻŵˣһԵԭأ·Ѿ׼óܺŭˡ
ʲô¶ǽ˵
ʮʮû뵽ǣȻҪǲǲζźҲûŲǺ˵ѣ뵽ظһ
ų˼ֺѾٴν磬Сϣ¾˺
˼Ҳһ£˵£
ʮ¨óһֻѩ׵ĸ˵·ųţˣҪҪһ
ţɣ
˼ɲԲţ˯ǰϴ֣ЩСƽ϶Ҫʧˡ
ʮٽŲ𿪣ɨһۣ˵￤Ͱ￤ȷĹо񣬿ơ
Ǿơ
˼ааһЦƻԤ֮УӮֻ
ʮʮߺְװ˸ӽϣ˸ӡ
ȻעµĲǳ˼һУдƷ򸾣ǺʮʮĸӣֺԤ׵ıƷץһš
ҪǸ˼֪ԼӦǾ벶ȸں󣬲֪θ롣
˵˼ְǺⰡ!
֮
۴ŹǷ
ҲҪ֮𣿡
Ҫ˵ǮǲҪ˼һԭĴ£ҪȫȨֲ֧ǡԣҪǶԷ֣Ǿ˼һеɳӡ
ðɣֻϣ˼ܼסǵĺãһɽˣҲиȥ
ε
Ҫ˵ʲƸۺ죬ķˣɶ
磬˼ճȥµķ䣬»ҩơ
²δ˼Щֵֹƿڳ˼԰Ĺ򣬾öԷԡ
ԣ֮ġ
һȥ죬У˼լڿջﶼȥ
޲һҪץŷصջȻı겻ͣô׬ǮеԲ
ϰ壬ɴҾסǿջˣһ»ؼһˡ
Ŀۡ
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мĲᣬڿջסȻãһͲüпջˡ
˵ڰʱʮʮٴΪ˼һϢ
µͬˣа˰ٺˡ
ʮĿ˼˵
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ΪҾͲ֪ǵʵĿġ
˼ĵǣЩ϶µ⣬Ϊ߰Ĺ⾰ַ˺üţڴ˵ϢҲ´ȥˡ
ڵ²ʲôߣԣһź󣬳˼ⶣʮʮŲҪˡ
ûв´ԼͬǲȾָĹѨеıء
֮ĪֻҪҪģȻҲ˵һ֣Ϊ˱ⶫ·˼ǾϢĵǸĻߡ
ϵʱ򣬵ȵ˶˯ˣ˼źһ˿ջ档
ָһһɽ˵ǻ˾ͰӪկڴˣȥĶһЩʲôˡ
ȥһȺүʲôÿġ
Ϊ֮ǰµļֵܣ˼һ¹ڻ
㲻ȥһȥ
䣬˼ʹƲһǰ
æס˼˵ȥ
⻹ࡣ
˼ӯӯһЦһ뺮˰ɽ
˵ǣһС·ֱɽ
Ҫһʲô£ƶҪˡ
εĽѵó˼ʶ̣һǻͨҩռ˲ƣҪ·߲ǡ
-

365 ԽԽ

Ϣĵɽ˳ϵǣɽ֮ƽأһڴˣϸ֮£жٸ
һסĸ˵Ŀԣٸסϰ˰ˣǾС˼ˡ
ô˯ˣû˼ˡ
˼Сֹһ䡣
˳ǡģ㻹Ҫȥ𣿡
ҽȥʲô˵ģȥָ׼춼Բȥ
˵ţ˼ʹһŵߵһǰᰴأССðĻ󣬺Ҳͷһ
ⶫͷһμԼʹãҲ֪Ǻһɢ⡣
ȵȡҪ
ȻƬ̣Ѿȼ߰˸񣬿յĲˣС֣ߵǰ˵Ϸɣ
һͨתûзӦأ˾͸һվһþ޴֮С
ٶԼٶܷʽúզֲ࣬ѧ书٣ĸεס
죬ǽȾƤϵĺո֬յر죬һסǱ¶ɡ
˸еѣ˫۲֪Żˡ
ţһУڵʯ֮
Ȼ𡣡
ǲûˮ֦˻𣬶Եһ𣬽ŻδŻ뿪
򵥵ģҲǳ˼뵽ģЩ˶ڽ״̬뵽ˡ
ȺʲôˣȻڵڿӡ
мһ
˼ȴüͷͲˣǲɵǴ˹
㿴ŻԼľ֦ΧǲǻƾͲӡ
˼Ļһǰȣ˺
ȻӦһЩ֥С¶ʱԵеġ
ʵⲢǺ
Ƶʵ飬ִҲ
һѧ⣬һһѧ꣬ѧȴдһڰ廹ûдꡣ
ǰЧٵĽ⣬ȻʮϸĽ⡣
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ʮ𼱵ʱĲӦϸҪ쵶նǡ
Ϊͻ¼٣ʱԴӦľͻġ
ȻֻһССľȻ¼ȴӦһ˵ĴǻۣǾΣҡ
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˼Щ˸˸߶ۣȴúǺ֡
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Բ˵
˼һ԰ˣǿĻȸ˵ףЩ˻Ǳǰһ
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סԼΪҲǲԼǰ¶
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ƽһȺٴξۼһ
Ҫᣬ˼רעȴΪ׵˵еаţҪ֣ǾΪġ˵Ѿȫˣɼҹһתء
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˵һ죬˼üͷһ壬Ǹʮ֯ݱ䵽죬ѾΪһϵڶļɣ
˼ڵҽʱ򣬿ѧƷһȻ͸˵һضǿ
˼ҲٽӽЩˣǴźص˿ջ
벻ǣƷ򸾾ڿջſţͬаһǰٲȻһ
㡭ʲô书
˼û뵽ļƻѾǰ֪ǵĿһۺҡҡͷʾõģ˼ʲŷſ˵Ṧ˵Ҳ֪
Ṧ֮пд书ôû
Դ
ȴһЦ䣬ðٳǲ֪ڡ
֪϶ʲô书ӭϵһԼֿ֣һֿѵķޣǸ˶ܣҪǰʲôϣû˼ˡ
һ˽˿ջ´ŵˣһЦҽԶĻص˸Եķ䡣
صĳ˼ʼշŲеִʵǲǰɣ
ģ˼Һôֵһ֣ǧ֮ãڻĲƸƥԭֺιһĹı
ѣͺΪƷ򸾵ƷƱ
˼һȻеˣǾӦûʲô⡣
һҹߣ磬һ磬˼һڼϲ
ˣֶٵġ
˼ۣδüϴǰǱһ˱ǵļ
ӣȻ㣬ԲģǵûӣһɴཫƾͼƵԽԽˡ
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366 ð

꼦˼پһůûʲôʱ򣬺һζĶȷʵܲ
£˼ʹͺȥתתƣʮʮӰȻ˶ǰ
ǻѾȥ￤ҿʼĹˡ
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ˣǻһó˼ޱȵסŲŤͷʮʵһҹһͰͲסˣȻ￤Ǿ綾֮أ鲻ÿжģ
ÿ˶ڽһװǵĲ
ʮ˵գ˼˲éٿ
ԭ֮ԳΪҪɷ֣ǲ֮еĶ棬û뵽˻һ׵ġ
ôȥɾ͵òʧˡ
֮أһһɾ׷Īˡ
Լʡ䲻֣
ˣȥ￤
Ǻãٶ׼
һʮʮų˼һȥ˴ͽĲ¥
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أҲǳ˼ΪϤի־죬Ķ
ֻǳ˼Ϊ˵Ĺ£ʵ˵ǰèĹ¡
𾢶˼ǰĺŲ裬Źӡ
˵ؼʱ̵ʱͻжһʹǺͽȥé
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˺ðΣ˵ˣȴٽ£ǸǮˡ
˼һЦĹ֪èΣҺһ𡣿ǺþòΪè;ʹⳡĵİճΪλӰ
е㶡Ǹ簡˭ģôûἰ
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˼˵꣬еԼˣɲ·ߺ
ȫȻԼ˵չǮĹ½˼˵Ĳֺ
Եĳų˼˴Ĵָʮʮδ˵ֽһ¡
ǰ߱Ĺ£ͬ·ͬţҲû˼ЩƽҲĶһٸʵףҲͱճ
ܿ죬ʮӰ˲¥С
˼Ҳϲ¥ɽ˺˭Ҳûע⵽һЦЦľ£Ȼȥ
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һʱ䣬š
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£ĵġ
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Ĵó󣬴󷽷İ˶ǰ
һƼĲżһ£û뵽һ£Էȴ͵غһߺУһŲԼ֫ԴƺһطʱŹ⡣
ʲô˵ġ
֪϶һֻĹΪûֻŹͷֲԵġ
ð淨ǣָŽУһݣûбҧսɹ
˼ĵΪ˽淨
䣬һԣȻԶʮһ͵߳ɹġ
ָͽðʱ˼е㲻ҿ˫ۡ
˵ǣðһݺðδҧˡ
ֵʮʱʮס˺һݣζŶһΣգͬģصĸҲʹ˼֡
ȻʮҲûбҧС
˼棬ĿⶢͷƤ飬棬еⶫˡ
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367 

˼һָĬһ䰢ӷ󣬲ŽָͽðĿС
һð£Ľͬʱ˼һһĨѪǴð˳
ľǹ
˼ѹرյԴðɿڣ˼һֵʳָҧһѪѪ
ĸзߣ̫˰ɣ
˼ˣǱʶȴֻһнǾû˼ˡ
˼ɴͽҩ򵥵İһںʮǰ˻˵һѾˣŵڶְɣ
۳˼֣æ߬Լ˵ˡ
У档
˼ɲʹ˽
ΣʮֻӲͷƤ档
ҪǣΪ˷ֹѪҺΪ׵˼ֻһɾðֻҪԸ⣬óðҲǿܵġ
һ·ð˼ָҧ£ۺʮʮֲˡ
˵Ѿ˿ӣϰ֮ˣƤûôƵѪľء
ԣףǳ˼ˡ
˼ˣ˲Ѫ
ϳʮֻʱʱһУ߹УٴƿʸȻʼûǸ
ʱͣˣ˼ѽ˵ôˣ
ΪðڷǳģҪһ˳ŭ
ʮһǰԶĽ籮˵ǰ￤
˼ֶٲģҲʱˡ
ǰһƬߵĵؽ磬˵зӣǷѾʧޣһϷ
У۵ĵ￤ƬأվؽȻͬ
վĵطܿĳȻ֮ɫ￤سֺɫܿĴߡ
óȻǰܾһԨʲôʲôҲò
ѡ֮£˼ó̤Ƭ֮ء
ֻһǾҩռһܱ˼Լûм·ɵ
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Ȼ·Ƿģôǡ
ǡ
Ļ˲òӡ
˼Ҳû飬˵潫׾ķϣú󣬽ܴ͸СϿ˼
Լһײ״̲סЦôоΪٺأ
㴩ҵ޵ġ
˼ƾҪ￤ĵؽߡ
Ϸ˼
Ҫס˼֣κϣСޣҪķһʱ䡣
ԣֻۿԼԼһǰһĽ֡
һξ룬˼ܹԸܵµһǸоǲ˵ϡ
ʱ˼ĺһѱסǰߣ˵ظ˵Ӧǵı˿ߣʱ֦
ڳ˼һŮᣬһȾ
ڣǸô죿
˼Ťͷ
βſڡȥ
ǰȥŲɵأóڶԲע⣬ͻöԷԼƤӵߡ
ţʮʮͿʼµ֦һһ˶ĵǰ
ʮԱʱ֮裬ʮȥ
ǡ
ʮȻȥû棬һˣ˶ڶǳɾͷ¶ˡ
ų˼һԾ£ʮµĵطأ˵һԲεĹš
ܳŶ棬ڹ֮иΪУһ̣˼ܹȷΪ˷ֹĹѨĹµģҲһء
ǧķϢЩѾڴ˵γһģνӴ
˼Ҫߵǰ棬ȴû书һ˻أ㶼㲻
ʵڹĳ˼İΣ¶Ϊ˼ǡ
˼˵лأǵһ˺ˣҲ϶ǰˡ
˼һůдӡ
һǰ棬ÿһߵĵ
ʮҪ溮λã뷨
´ͷɣ
űʮʧ֣ڱΣա
ĵĲ޵
һǵ˶ԼǵĶҧƷûеʲôԼԼǰӦôȻΪ˼Ψһϡ
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368 ʯ

֮ƺһֱų˼ˣ֮Уδʲôء
˶ûиûдأûлء
ǰ˿ԣؼпǱǻ˴ٸƽˡ
˼һУҲøһˡ
˽ʱһתȻһĵ³ǡ
ж餣֮˵ǣֻƲĹѨ
Ѿû·ˡ
ǰĺɨһȦ˵
˼Ҳһܣ˳Ȼһȴһܵô
иŵĺΰ˲˹
̤а벽Ρ
ڳ˼˼ɲǼ䣬һ˵ĿӴӳеĵһǸоһ㣬쵽Բ׽
ǲóȻǰУãⷽ棬о飬ϾⲻǷ޶˵һγû١
ţ˼ӵϼһʯͷƮƮӵǰ׿ĳС
㷢ˡ
ǿʯͷ˵棬û֮Уͺûгֹһ
Ȼʲô
δ˵̣в̿֡
ʮվһԴĭԼãеĵʲôֲĴڣʲôҲ֪
˼һ˵ǳӣһһַɳ档ҲµĲЩǿ׮ǱƽУʵϣ֧ǵڵʮĿ׮Щɳ棬ɫɫеͬʱۼһƬ˼˾һŲȥ¡
˼룬еʳһֿµĴڣôЩķɳ½ϵʳ㡣
˼Ĵ󵨲²⣬ʮΪ档
²ʼǲ²⣬˼Ϊ˸һ֤ʮҪһֻŸ롣
ϴŸ룬͸ִװֻһ
ͨѶ㣬һԼ˵Ҫʱ򣬶ͨŸ봫Ѷ
ȻŸ뵱ʵƷе̫ݳޣ¿ʻֵˡ
˼ӹʮŸ룬ںʮע£һŤŸĲӱһֱӶϵ
˵ĺ󲱾һʲôʱ͵һִ֣ô֪
ʵ˼ʽ࣬лǸһ̹ѧģ˵õɽһ˵ĲŤϡ
˼ãԼһӶôУΪֲɵӣŤҽսҲóķʽɱУҪɱأ
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һĻʮɵˡ
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˼Ҳ£ɻǣǰ˰ȥ
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δȳ˼ѻ˵ֱ꣬ӱ˶һԾӡ
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˵ʮڴפԼĸλ
˼ûһƽ󣬻ص￤·ϡ
ȥ˼һֱͣӵջ١
Ϊҽ˼ζĿһ￤ƬأΪ˱ҹζ࣬бҪ￤ˣڰ￤Ҫһ
㹫Լݣڴİ￤ʹʯң·ķʽ￤һʯңֻҪ³꣬Ҹұ֤еĶ涼ȥƬҲΪˡ
ʯҡ
ѹ֪˼ʲô
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ôǽʯɱˮɱ滹£ڶ˰ɣ
ƶǶĵ˵ͷ
ʯʵҲڿɽʯʱ
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369 ʱ

˿·ֻӷ䣬ʯҲֻô˵ȷʽȥ١
ഫһżȻ䷢֣ʯͷû֮ˮ˲ѡ
ʯңʯͷճɵİ׻ң֮ˮУٵ̳ɰɫʯͷ
˼Ҫıʯңˮʹˮ˲ڣ˵ʯҾһѭʹõȻ
˽ЩҲᶮԣ˼ֻԼķԼȥչͬɴ˵ΰҵ
Ȼ˼һһëεˣΪṩķԼ߳ͣʮʮԼල򳡣һʲôӣҲܶһġ
ΪҪ￤Ͱ￤ΪƻĿˣ˼ҲӦԵɡ
طԭϵľ綾֮أϵϡµ꺢ͯһ֪
ôʵƻڴ˿ɢҶһȫϵġ
ٲطΪƻĴٳɴ˲ٱ
صӺ󣬺ȥ͵Ǿſջĵضȫ˹Լݡ
ٰնͷһؼ׷׵ջݼʺá
˺˼ȻҲûб䣬෴ͷҪȺ󣬸вٵ֢ˣҪó˼Ϊ֮
˼һһӦ£ڻǿʱ
λף˲ģǼʮ궼ˣֺιں⼸죬һ￤һˣҸˣǴ⵵¶ܣǻ￤Ͱ￤һʱ䣬ȴð￤飬ðųϢֻջʱΪβ
䣬ջڰյȸԾ
Ҳаշѽ⡰￤Ͱ￤ǴʮֽطΣյĺݣʲô˻أ
ǰĪƭǣƴǡ

˲˻⣬иɵ
ʮʾ˼ͺ£ʣµͽʮˡ
˼Ҳûţص󣬾Ϳʼһһá
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ǣΪ˰ȫ˼ڰհΣġ
󣬳˼һƽ𣬰չڣԼĪһǧӣҪʯҵĵطֹ￤ԣ˼ţ￤ʯңÿ˿ڿǰȡһƽ𣬵ȵɺ󣬿ȡƽ𡣶ʣµǧƽ𣬽ڰ￤Ĺϡ
һǻƽǷģ۽Ƕڳ鴤ֱһƶ⡣
ͬʱҲңŮˣҪǱ˶ȥԭҪ߸
ĩˣʮ˷š
˼һ
Ѿ˵ĺͰ̸ˣǶǮԸһзʩᱻ涣ҧÿƽӵ˶ˣ
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аɣչŮһͬʡ
˼һ£٣ŮҲ٣߾һ£ȻȻһЩǮİ£ˣȷԼҵĵػҪ
ú󣬳˼ʮʮæŷַƽͷͬģΪ˲ף˼ƶһϹ¹ʱ
֮ɻһ̫¹Ȼ̫䡣
˼һԼƶʱޱοõִҾܻһϰ影
˵ʲôأ
Ŷ룬Ϊ˼һհõ˲ڼԼ˵һЩֵֹĻ
ѾһԼ˵ˣܶʱѡ˳ĬߵʲôҲûзΪˣҲȥ
أ
˼һЦ
˵ȻˣǺģŵϡ
Щʱ򣬳˼ʱʮһЩ󣬳˼һ֫ص仰ûи˵һɣ˯ˡ
֪ԼۻˣҴñӣԼǷʣʼһУдϣͨŸ봫ݸԶڹеĻϡ
֪٣ղϵϻһҲ御ˡ
磬˼һ˯ѣ뺮һȥ￤
Ѿ￤İǣ˷Ÿ߰һӷ׵İǣ˼ֱ·ǻصִڴһֲ顣
мɻİգѾ￤ĵؽһũСʯҵأʯһȥȥĶ֨֨ıð˰̣ǵòŮĴ𣬿ʼר϶ĵطʯҡ
״Ҫǳ⣬ȴǱ˼סƱͿԸ棬ԸɻǻʲôŮãǻ
-

370 ͸

⻰ûëֻЦıá
￤Ƭ̣˼뺮ص˿ջ˴緹ȥ￤ģȻƷȴǵȲʰӣҪջЪҵˡ
λǡ
Ǿһȥ￤
˼ԾĿƷ򸾣һСĴ˵ỹҪСһɣ
š
ƲЦĵ˵ͷ
˼ڵƬ̺󣬻Ǻȿ˿ڡȥԣǷʲôõ飬ɲҪԹǡ
˼׺ʲôͳŴƷ򸾽ԼĹ򣬽һߣһͨʷ
ȥ
书ߣ˵ܳ䵱һʮʮҲȱ֡
ĻνһѪµĳ˼Զԡ
ǰ޶书ǿȥ˾ζŶ֣飬˵ܵõǵİ
ãҲ֤һ˵书һ⽭ʢʥ˫ֵж
緹ĸˣһС̤ǰ￤̡
۸ϳ˿ֻ̣ŮˡһСӺ
һϣΪ֮䣬ûйͬԡ
˼÷쳣óֻð
ȴǸģٲٰ˵ָҧˡ
ҪҪϷ
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ͷһؼôĹżҪȥ˼ȴһҧˡ
ƭˣżôҧˣ
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վǴˣ뵽֮ǰ˼˵Ϸ˼˵ϷżϷɣ
뵽ƤӰżϷҪϸ߻ľ֫ж
ҲþûпЩˣϷǵź棬ġ
ڴΪ֮ʣ˼Ūİһð
Ϸڿʼÿ˰һֻݣһݻᴥأ˭ҧˣ˭ˡ
˵꣬˼һʾһ±ĥƽĹð޶ԵĶϣͬʱ˼Ҳһ
ͦԼһͱҧҲǺţǱֲɵӡ
ߣ棬ǺҲûãΪÿݵĻزǹ̶ģÿһΣ
ֵˡ
˼Ŀ󱦺ʹơ
һĭ۵С۵ĺһͨĥȷڶˡ
һڴƾֵע£һݣð޶ԡ
ۿ㲻Ҳˮ
ҪҲ档
еɣ
װ˯ڳԣʵиϷ
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ҧĴƴһǵøϳֱӽͣ·ߡ
ô£
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ĵǣŮ˵Ȼ֣Ťϳ
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ƽð°ϡ
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Ǻ˱һ·ð
ˣеĸʼһֺ˰۵ˣÿζðҧرۣȴһм档
֪ʲôۣһֻӬ
ʲôϷһУһ˽еģѵڴˣ֪дϷˣ
ȻĺȴЦһ·˼ȫæðδע⵽ʱʱǡ
ʵ˼
пһСٴͣ¡
ҲòϷǴ󱦻δĿ˼㣬ֻܲܽż͸ҡ
㡣
˼Ľð󱦵С
һ㽫װԼССȻȥˣõҲ档
ˣǱƢҧһڣðżˡ
Сһ٣ϸϸһ룬Ҳô£ǱżȻȥҴСһ棬ʱҪлصϼǺţúһǰСӡ
Ȼ󱦲֪ǣϼǺҲ޼£Ϊ˭֪һصһݡ
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371 Ѻ

ͣ£˼һб
ű￤Ҫİ￤˼Īһɱӿͷ
һƬµĵؽ磬һܱʳĻȻܳ˺أԡ
˼óǰ׼õķַˣΪ˴󱦵İȫ˼ô
δƲϣҲ롣
֮£˼ֻý˴ķҲϡ
ԵʮֻĻ֮£˭ҲЦ
ۼжЩ׾ڴ÷һѽ󱦿ϼͷǿһƫƫܴӴ󱦴ķУ󱦿Ц
˼ɵǳ鴤ӦǾ䲻һ˲һŰ
ҶСЩڵϲһ֦ٸһ㱡ûлصãҪлأ˭ȥꡣ
˼䣬ְѴ󱦽˴ƵУ˼󣬺۾Էߵǰ棬ΪŮ˿·
öӰ
ͨڵ濴˲ٶЫӡ򼣬Сŵɷףȴ̲ס͵顣
º˰ɣ
˼Ų˵ҪڼʮʮҲģʵû棬ҴСҲǿԵġ
ҲŲŵܳʶ
󱦻˵Щʲô
ǰĺͻȻסŲ˼Ϊǻ˹ʼʩʵ˿𣿡
ûУû֦ϡ
ԵмֲȻ
˼ǰ˼ǰľʱûɳ
ǰ׿⣬һֱжʮ׵ӣ֮һ°ɫĹţ²ûνˮֻһĶ档
ŵľͷһڣܹµǻ˲֪ʲôӣֱӴڣȥνȥģ˼ʾ֭Ҳ벻ס
ʱѵÿڿƷ򸾡Ӧаɣ
⻰˵ģǲУ˭С
ݸһЦ󱦷ڵϣ䲻Ҫܺ󣬾ߵǰ
ײһֱó̲һĺľӳ
˼һͷˮ黹
ȻһĻȻ˼λҽ˵õҽߣҲ޷ÿѧˡ
ҲӦһ䣬ѧľͷѧ
ֻ˴򿪺ӣƴӽ϶̵ĺóһѣǴӽϳĺóһ١
ѺͨѪɫǿ棬˾ùޱȡ
˼üͷⶼüëˣҪְɣ
ιʲô
˼һºļ
ȺڣȴǰԴ˵ҵɿгӣҵĶž档
桭
˼ܵ뵽˹ƣȫմߡ
ʱṦԷ߱ڣ߿ֱӿɽʯ
ԣһЩ˹ֵ书˼˽󣬵Ҳжô档
ֻǱԼڿƽһֵģʥ˫֣Ŀ࿴ˡ
֪ãֻ鷢һ飬õĽ͡
ƺߵӱԵںȥϥڵϣţ鷢ˣЩǻĶ澡ɢȥ·ϱ˾綾һ㣬ö涼¡
˼Ҫ鷳ס䡣
ζĿһ۳˼ֳźʹ˸ɫ
˵ͷһƣֱ˼һ˼˲ãһůͨ֫ٺر
Ѷס
ų˼˵
˼һ۳ԼɵЦĴ󱦡أ
˼ҵﶼģǵĸɶ
ùҵģĹҲá
Ϊİ˰֡
˼˵ʲôȴһУڻãСѽ
˼ס󣬴Ʒʼ࣬һһɪ֮Ǵ˳˼Ķ䡣
˼ֻãԴһʯͷˣκģҲʹ
˼վȣٶ˼
˼ת󣬳˼ȴִҪǰһֻܸš
˿ǰƵĶȻÿһҲԽԽ󶾳ȫû֮£ûгֹһ
һգѺ٣ĺһάְʱǻǿȥɣ
ȱų˼ԾӣƷȥ󱦣ܿ죬˾һ֮еĹ֮ϡ
ǰĶڣ˼Լãؽߡ
е˵İΣһǰ棬ȴǱ˼˻ȥ
磬Ϳҵġ
˼ź֣гŶڴȥ
Ʒ򸾾úδҲ̫ˣȻʱж棬ûлء
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372 һ

˵˽ȥƷֻý
棬˵ǰȴһذڷŵĽƱൽۻңܵĽ벼֣￤ĹҼһ¡
ռ䣬ֻһ³ǣ·
Ĳ˹ֲڸطСͬĹҲİڷţΨ貵ıأǱķƷȱȽǡ
֣ǻأ
˼뿴ǻƴȡصӰֻһҲãǣĸ˺һС֮⣬Ҳûˡ
ڳ˼ļ϶һǽ¡һƿţвǿ׳Ĵ󺺣̮ǽУһһ߳
һ
Ǻˣ
Ϊ׵ָų˼һУĿ
˼ݸһЦһ
һҿǵļ䴫˲֪ٴɴδ֮ͬͬˣ仹ġ
˵ţҪ֡
Ʒ򸾽˼ĻһƣٶóѺ١
˼Ʒ⸱ֵ̬üЦȡҼ˿ˣҲգ͵ź졣
Ҫź죬ͳȫǡ
ƿһЦѣϵĹҲʼöӡ
ͬǰ̶һ̻֮ζ
˼һС˶еκˡ
սҵ֡
æס˼֣һɰ˼ڡ
ɲǼ䣬˼˲١
Ŀȥǻʱĵſ˵ϡ
˼ãûô򵥡
ţİθߣڵϵĿʼڵһСӺ󣬾ֱӽԼԴ⸱̬ɵӡ
˼ֵĿ磬޴ɩ𣿡
ǵȻˣרŶԸûˣҪߣ͵ͬ衣
Ļ˵꣬˼ְĿ˴󱦵ϡ
ɴŷȼˡ
˼ָ̣һ¶Էļι㲻Ҳɣһӡ
ǵȻˣҵҳʱÿһ¶ҪҵעһɵֻҪٹ꣬Ҿܸѧϰ书޵ˡ
󱦽Сȭͷģ漫ˡ
˼ɵǳ鴤Ȼʲôĵʲôޣ书йĪ⣬ز¶
˼ͷһˣĽ˼С˼
תͷĿȥˣҲۼҴ࣬һɾУ˵ѧ˵ͽһͷţˡ
ɲˣǸѧϣ㵹ͦѧ񲻸áߣÿ¸ɣΪʮ궼ȥ
Ǻðɣ
˼Щʧĵͷ
ԭΪ˾ôˣǧһ֮ʣһ쳹Ƭռ䡣
Ϊûǰɣĵһ֣ҿҲˡ
Ż䣬һƤڵ˴ǽԾ
󻹸һˣ˵ͨˣӡ
Ʒɫһæ֡
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Ʒ¶־Ŀźߡ
˼СĪһգɲ˵ǸƤڵ
۴òһɫƤʹ˿һֻվɡ
߬סԼҲ˺Խ֮²˽ĳ˼ʶλɲ»ǸӲ硣
ɲ𣿡
˼СĿʵ
ʮǰʧٵĽһ֣öǴ߹ȥҲܱѴ֮ɱ
Ļви˼˵ͷȻǸкɲ߿
ԷĿ¶а⣬˼Ȼӵĵļһ
ߣСӳÿ濡
ɲͣȫѺ
ŭ𼸺һ˲䱻ȼ³˼ֱ֣ӳźɲȥ
ߺǸˣҾϲСӡ
ɲ֪ܵļź
ܿ죬˱Ǵ
ִܣһ˵ȶҿ
˼̫Щ廨ŵ书ֻһӰ
ݵӰеĸ·ķԴ·硣
ûһƷҲʼİ
˼æߵƷ򸾽ǰʵҵķǲǴ򲻹ɲ
ɲݺὭ꣬ڲжǼޡ
۰̾
˼ļһȻԤϵһ㣬죬˰
磬޴ɩܲܰסһɲһ伴ɣа취Զȥ
ȷ
ƻͷһ۴󱦣ǻһӣȻһȥˡ
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373 ж

˼ޱȼᶨĵ˵ͷһۣãӦ³˼Ҫ
˼Ҫʲô⣬󱦾Ͱˡ
жǰ˼˵һ仰
˼ͷһ۴󱦣ʲôҪסƷ򸾣Ѿ嵽˺ɲ뺮ĴС
󱦳ɤӺǸˡ
Ȼ˴Ʒ򸾵ļ룬ⳡ򶷣ȻǺɲռϷ硣
һģУһ˳㽫ǽˡ
ɲȻֻ̧ʱѾһɫͷĶơ
Ҳ϶ƷͬʱƣһɼŵɫâźɲХȥ
ɲٶȺˣ˼׼ʱУһʹõּ̧䣬ÿУһֻһ죬Ǻɲһ㣬̱ڵء
ڳÿһһܿ죬ͼɲüĴһƶСѪͣѪˣҲĿ۾Ķų˼ǰľ֡Լɻ̫֮ĸĿ⣬һȻΪޣ˳˼
Ϊأԭֻһֽϻ
˼ѸջԼö֮˵ŷƵĻ
ƺԤϣͷҲһ
ڴƷ򸾣˼Ŀ⣬СѧƵģ𾪻Ľ
˼ӣز¶һоͰŷɥĺɲɱˡ
ǰ˼һѱڻ
ȴһֱڳ˼ڸȥ˼̫ⶫˣǶԣֽһƽ١
źɲĪıɲһͬԼǽʣǣһ
䳤ϡ
һɤӣ˵
Ƶעǣʶɿ˳˼תȺСɫ˵Իԭɲ˵Ŀ䳤ϣֲýûӰȥˡ
˼ͷһ䳤ôʴʣȻ׷ʡ
ߵߣСʵ䳤ʲô˼
ǳ䵱һıɡ鷳ˣ˼һ£û¶ʱ򣬺óԺúȵĹţǸʵˡ
ܼ򵥵Ϊ˼һ
˼ֱʣҪȻһҲȥʲӿ䳤ϣҪ͸˿ûͰĹ̹ӡ
ѵϣһȺܵˡ
ǻأǡ
ǲˣ뼸λȫȥɣһҲҪ
ɲһͬȺףûٸΡ
ǶԷ̫࣬ػصڣûйͣҲƣ͵ġ
ÿ뿪ɣ
˼ŵĴˡ
ԣǷһ㣬嵽ضһЩܴĽ
ȻʱһˣֱӵزȻǵڶȵ˷ִ˵ڷŵıʱѾ˴롣
ӴģֱȥͬıϢˡЩжҲҪ
ж
ѵ˷׷׿˼ǰŮɱǵĿ䳤Ϻɲֺǵֵ˴룬νЫĳˡ
벻Ů˾˴ȻǣΪλҪ´˺֡
һʱ䣬ƵǲԼͬĶԳ˼ʷ˼ΣҲ֪ЩжҪ֪ȻẦˡ
ֻϧһж̫ˣʮ죬Ҳ˵
ŭɶĿˡǵӲСŲűվųն
ԳƱĪү
ͻȻеò׼ˣҪԷǻ׹ݣǳȥ󣬻лĻ
˭Ҳһˣֵһɱǣ취ıء
˲ʼȺߥˡ
׻˵һʺܻٵһ࣬һԵ֣ͻӭڶƬ̹ȺѾٷˣ³˼һء
ƷһҪ٣ȴǱ˼ס
ǵֵҶεġ
˼㲻ɱǣҪɱ㰡
ԭţѳ˼Դ涼ʲô
˼ҲڴţϣԼилЩˣʵϣһĲֵ
˰ΣȻԼȥϣ˼״۽Ƕڳ鴤
ãҾܶҪЩԼ
ڳ˼䣬ð·֣һ˼һ˵ҡ
г˼ûԤϹԼǺİ컵ˡ
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374 ¸

ڳ˼ĸһԼķǺųƽһֵĴƷ򸾡
ɲ֮ϾеֵùƷ򸾵ˡ
ӹٽȫǱ˺ɵھǽ˻ȥȥߵ˶۵ùǺ
֡˼Ǵϴȳ
Уˣô죿
˼֪ǻĹģڻ𽥼١
˶˻ͨʳȡһķѾûʮºѲ
ԣи򳡣ҲͲסԷĳս
ǻܳһ
ҧɫҰ׵
˼ԵĸлƷ򸾣Ҳǻȥ̬
һۺ˵ЩжװȻȥо
ţıεġ
õӦʡ
˼һ֮䣬еıؾƾʧһ㣬Ӱ١
׼ӽ˸һ±ƣϵĽȥˣ
Ʒ򸾲סĻͷպÿ˼֣͵һǵֱǣ򵥰
λĪ֣һõˣǸ͸һǬҴֻ趯װһĶСĶ
˵գƷȴȻЦˡ
Ǽ٣ڳ˼Ϊһܣǲȥ̽ʲôˣΪֻ϶
Ǽȥкڵģпģ׼ʱǽų˼һвע⣬ܵġ
˼˺ЩˣȨʲôû˰ʱ·ߡ
󱦱ۿڼϣ˫Բ۾һֱڶų˼ڿ
ô౦ɲýһ˵ȥûжͣҲƣ͵ġ
󱦵ģȴԼ⡣
ڴΪλô룬ǶǹǵĻ
˼󱦵ǹ󱦺޲һһѣǳ˼һֻܳԼţûˡ
ǹҲǳ˼ּģ˶ԣЩص˳˼ϣҲԻԼġ
СĴ󱦶õ٣ȴ֪һ㣬ǾǺöҲҪõһ
ǹﲻԣǽƱΪ˿϶Ҫġ
ʶһĴ󱦣һԣܴܲӽһ
󱦺˵ʲôأﶼѾӦֺ˼ˣǲҪһ֡
ۺݺһѴ󱦡
۵ֱᡰҡ
ô򡣡
һվڴߵĴҲڴ˿̸˿ڡ
Ĵ󱦵໵һɤӾͿ֮£˼ֻóʮԼĻƽ𣬰ڵ档
ţ˵СʮƽСӽҪȢϱɱǺϲơ
˼ĴȲǿѨ磬˵ףҪлƷ򸾣ûǣĹһͦѡ
ڶԸɲʱûǣԼķܾҪںɲϡ
Ʒ򸾶ڳ˼˵صĶ飬ҲԲʮƽܱġ
ƷҲ֪Ϊ˱أĿģΪԭİΣ
ֻǿǵǸСӣʲôҪֲһֱޣôӡ
ֹͣŵϰ˵Ļƽ𣬿ĵ㵸
ƷҲĶģҪײҪʮƽ㹻ǻӻһˡ
Сӣл˼㡣
ûһ´󱦡
󱦲˲۽ǣų˼ллл㡣
Ӵ
˼һСڰ
Ҫ֪ĹѹεĽƱϸǧƽеģңһЩŶɶ޼֮óȥһƽ
˵ף׬ˣжԴƷЩΣԣʮҲȫȻΪ˴󱦣ǳ˼
˵棬ƷŻڿеĻƽ˳˼ѽҪȻȥٸɣڿʲǬҴǴȥôƽ˵ҲԲ
˼ݸһЦٴλּ䡰װĻƽ˵ʧˡ
Ʒ򸾰Ǻֶξ͸ҽһֱ֮ʡ
صӲãһըϢ˴С
Ǿǰ￤ҲҪʯ̵أǮ￤һ
ϣ⺮򸾿ǵﰡһΪǴӵÿÿһʲƵ룬ǮһӲɻ´зˡ
ɲҾѰ˼õǮͰᵽ۶ȥסʱʱ̼ˡ

ٶȷ峤Ϊлͳ˼ʹλĿˡ
Ʒ򸾵Ŀջ˾¥ȫСȫˣǻڴˣֻΪмͳ˼
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375 ޲

󣬴Ʒ򸾿¥ǽ壬ĵǣûʰԻصȥ
˼ŵˣǣʹźһ𣬰Ʒ򸾣ʼϴ̡
ͬʱ˼ҲôƷ򸾼ʶһѣʲôĸɾ
ϴϲˮΪˮܹȥ֬ʵϴĲɾУȻ塣
ڶַ˿ȿȥϴ룬Ȼ޷׵ȥȥۡ
˼Ǻܻóϴྫмһ㣬Ưһ֬ѸٻҲ̾͸¶ŷɫϴྫ
ⶫʹôõã
޾ϸ˭뵽ϴѽⲻǸˣⶫ
˼ϴྫһͨͨĶǷڹŴһ澵ӣҲͷ
Ϊ˵ľûͭģȥɫѿ޷ãִľӾͲͬˡ
æҹ˼ͺ̱ˣصбֱ˯¡
磬ó˼ͺķš
˼üġ˭Ρ
̯֣ȴǷԼķߣ˼һ̵ĽŴ򿪡
δˣǼŵһɷ㡣
Էˣٲֵˡ
˽һ̣һ˱࣬ʮİӣ滹ź춹һɰСޡ
㻹ͦӵ
˼ӹ̣ҩռ䣬ҪȥϴȴЩѾҩռµˮйͨ
Σ˼ֳֻһ¿ڣͿʼ͡
һ߳ԣһ˵䣬Ʋ֪ƲԾһ嵭ͣ꣬ٸ¶
֪ҪǸ֪緹Եġ
緹˼ںͬ³˷䣬վڶ¥ܿһ¥Ѿϰա
дˣСиճûޣȫƲأ
Ϊˣ˼βѡ
عͷһۺ˵죬´Ρ
ģԲᡣ
˼ļҲһ
ˣǳ˼Ĭģԣæͷϵ飬ͻǿ
гмԣеĲˣǷǳġ
ԣ˼ԼֻΪԼ˯һܲ⡣
λõˡ
˼ź֣Ӷ¥
˼ٶȳǹ񡰲μ
񣬴ҶһϳԹιʾСڡڿʼҽΪҿСġģ߽ΪصģɵһϣܹȻ򣬸ҪϣĪҪ迴ˡ
䣬Ⱥҵ
˶Գ˼ͶأȻ˵ȥ񹲷ߵ顣
һźӵĸˣΧĽַӶʾԼǰ
ҲƴǣϹϾĽԼµĺӵݸ˼
Ҳ֣ιʲôʲô浣иʲôôҲ˲У˵û⣬û⣬ʲô⡣
ĵǡ
˼ӹӣŻݵСèӤ˲ˡ
ģȸһ¡
󣬳˼Ӥһ¥һշ䣬ֱűϣŻ
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ϰ˵ֹⷬסĳ鴤͵λ˿ҪԵİҲǱŶԺ渺̬ȣϣԼϣҶ⡣
Ŷԭ
˰һκʵڵԼĺӣԾſǻ
Ź˰ʱ˼ź޵Ӥ˳
˼״ֱӹ˳˼ǰҲҸͷˡ
ס˺Ѿȡ˳ԺСţԽԽġ
˼ӻ˸ˣ˵ļ򵥣ʵлɪɪ
⺢ӽ˸ּ飬ֺӵĿǻһС̵ȡãȻһûгεӤ
Ҳ˵Ǻӵĵܵܣ˵ܵܣಡ˼δ
ֻ˵Ȼ̫棬ΪȻȴ档
˼ֻܳжΪӵĵûӸеĺӣƽһôʶ˸˵ĶλУᷢ飬ȴǷˡ
ѾҪĸ磬ֱӰѵܸܵˡ
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˼յ߽ղŷ˵һ飬Ƿޣ˼˵ĺֱס
ɫһ䡣
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376 «

˱غӺ󣬼ζҪ˼Ǯƣ˼ܾˡ
˼һʮԭˣ˵ȺϰտĲա
͸⺢ӵҪǸϴ˼ңҪƽɲӡ
νٸƶô
߸ˣ˼һ¿ջܡһ
˼öİ񣬴ݵÿ˵
һλ꣬û˵ڶЩݵվҡ
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˼۹ˣӲģ⸱ģǷ˻ղ
֨֨ÿС⣬ۡ
˵գҡӣס
ΪʱĿջУѾҵĺЦ
˼֪ʲôЩĵĿһۺ룬ƽ
˼в㿴ǣ
Ǻðɣ
˺Ӧ˼ϸĺμɢ˵
·ʱֹסĴ˸
˼δֺǵҪɱ˵Ŀ⣬ףҲҧأӦˡ
ҪڰĿľѻᣬΪνŮ֮֮
Ͼǰ̵ôãҪһԲϾͷ߾ֻܾҽĨڡ
˷䣬˼ûǰСұȫԼһˡ
ĪİͰԼĲ֢ȫ˳
һʱһȴһȳһյ߳ģģ˵˲ᡣ
ûһۣϾգٹܸýͷ
ƺҲظһתĿҲ˲١
ߵſڵʱ򣬳˼Ȼ뵽ʲôȥһ²ҪˮҩƬÿ飬һһţУȫܲʹʱ顣
˼Ļһҽ߳ڶԻߵĵĶ˵ģȴڴ˿̣һŵ裬ըջ
ģСɶ
ҿ׼̻֮ȥˣȾ˶񼲡

͵ĸ˲ʼ
˼ԾԼǵĿЦλˣֻǸλһݡ
˼˵ҽԺݣʮֳ͸ҳСһ
žĺѾ˵Ĳ֢˽һ
ɶ
һ쳤˲ʵ
ǡ
˼ӣ¶Լа׵С첲
漴Ů˵ԭȥë
С湻ĵģŮ˳ëǽаһȴܵҽë˷Ǳ˴˵ʱ䡣
ɲǳȢҼŮ붼룬һ˵ŶûС
˼ԽԽڣͷ۵̫Ѩ
ҲӦʮģıӦˣƽ˲١
ǰĳ˼ļһˡ
Ŷ
˼ҪԼķأ¶ԷԹ˼ҲͳĻ
һ
䣬һλϹź«үүվ
үүСеգȺУע⿴ӵ
үү
үүȴǰ˰֡ҽͷͳɣһүүɷҰ
˼͸ûƵģҪԷүүүү˼֣ϵЦݳױסˡ
ǵٴιϣϸߡͷǵ˱˻ԡ
߽ȥʱ֪͵硣
Ʒ򸾿ʼ緹İЩĴ
ֻǵ˾ĳ˼үүûгĵȴú㲣ÿ뿴Ļļ١
ĩˣ̫ɽʱſˣүүȴû߳
˼һ̣Ͼƣ֮ɫˣ޷Цݡ
˲ԵĶ̣ðײţԼѪ
˵ɶѽ
һֻʮкεʵ
˼Цųк֡үүɣүүǧҪȥ˵ڻ˯žˡ
Скһߵͷһƿײĺ«󣬲̱ڵء
үүϵĺ«˵«ѪܣУүүͻ
ˣҽأ
˼ɷ˵ĽǺ«һݵкС
ɲǼ䣬ȺҵҽǸͷʮˣȻ׾ٵժ
ǰп˶ҡͷĲһ칦򣬺͸ˣ˻٢ǣͷû׼ͷԺͲˡ
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377 

Ҳ֪˭ͷȫܵ˼ǰǹݣǿͷ
˼ʲô˳ݣֻһҽߣҽϣڶҽѧ
λҪҿ˭ˡ
ҲǼþյû뵽ĺҽУǸˣһԵײˡ
Ⱥ𽥰Ǹкʵ벻ʲôӣܽүүʮĺ«յ
ʱһͷǹ˽˭ҧкһͨˡ
кֶϵĺ«ǹ͵һź«һ̾Ͳˡ
кᣬ˼ߵкǰοǹ꣬үүĺ«֤ȫҽ궼ḣ»ȫ
««ɲǸ»ҪڼҹҸ«
ҪϺĻ˵׼լ

˼Щ˳ݵĻɫһٶš
ιкȿ˿ڡүүүүٲ϶к«еֻȭͷСеֻмСүүϵĺ«󡣡
кĻڳÿһ
ǰҼϵҲе㶫
˼ΪֻǸУû뵽⻹˺Хʽ
ȥ˳˵Թα߹·࣬ݵġ
磬οԶˣױɴӣſѧķʳδĴε˾ƵΡ
Ҳ˵ӵԼ߶ȹ˵Σ˶ôӲ
Ӳصʱ򣬽ֱӰ쵽˵ĺ
Űͬı飬˼ĵǣһΪѵˣȥԭյӣ߰ǵˮƽ
֪ڵμǴΣȴһЩǮĴ˼ңԵĶǺ֮⣬οпΡ
ֻ򵥵±ǹˣʹﲻȫʳõļ
ԣҪѸΪȫμ׳ÿϰճϽΡ
оԼأ̲סʵôˣ
˼˵ֱӵ˵棬Ĳ
Ƭ̺󣬳˼ľѡĲҲУֻڽƶС
֪˼˵ʲô˳Լղĵطһ£иƶСӲ顣
⡭ʲô
˼üͷһšϰʮҲ͸ղλүүˡ
˻һǧˡ
ǺҲ֪
˼εͷβĽһ飬˶ˣȴ˼һǹ
û뵽θѹһ飬Ҳ֪ʮԭֻᵮٸӡ
һֲĿˣԲܳȥ
ĲͿʣµģ˼ŵ֮ȫ꣬߰Ǻ󣬳˼ͺ˲ϳԣֱӽԼķ䡣
ˣ˵Ҳˡ
ʲôܽ𣿡
УֻǴ㲻ٳԱ˵Ρ
˵ţ˼Ͱҩռе˳
Ȼȴ֪ʳΡ
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һţҲɬûζѩһ׾
漴ɫ㲻Ҫһһðɣ¶
ôɵ𣿿ⶫҼұرҶȻ׬Ǯġ
˼ֽʣеεİ취д󣬶еԼˡ
ĸѧҽĲѧҪǻѧɼãҲҽ
οҩռ仹˸ְٿȫ飬ûе磬ûֻҪڣʱգҲЩġ
˼ûôУҪͷƮݵĳˡ
˵ʱҪ赲ʷչΪֳֺõ飬˭˭ù
һ˼Щεİ취ֹסĵͷޡһܵõ־Ƶ𣿡

˼·һСƵ顣
˼˯ĺ磬ֻкų˼εķӿһϡ
ҪʱóֽʣԶڹеĻдһš
ûãյ˺ţ֪ڱĵ㵸Ԥʾţ˼ļƻܿͻʵ֣Ľɽι̡
ſϵݣϴ磬Ȼ
ţЦˣվ￤ķ˵ԭкʵ£ˣҶǲŮȻӵΰԡ
ʺͦŴӣߵߣҲŸ̾ϣҪ͸ɣ
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378 

ף˻Ž˼źҲͬġĹ£ԭİնֻҪĳĲ䣬ϰĿеҽֺαЩġ
ر˽˼ˣΪüǺһӡ
º￤Ͱ￤ǱһĻѩʹسΪԭΨһء
ɵǣû죬ӭ˳ĵĵһꡣ
ţˮʯҵĵ棬˲ð̡
￤еԶҲܿӵ治ͣڶİ̡
￤״ôӵĲٰջΪʲôطʧ˻
˼һͣ˲֪ԭԼ̵ʯ֡
ʯˮȷڷֽ⣬ɴ˲ĸº͸ʴɱزĶ档
ʱգ￤Ͱ￤ֵĵطʱȥסҲǿеġ
죬ڵʱշ磬˼ͼƻԼʵ
ĹıеԲΣ͵ͨԭı伤ķ
˼ûľ棬ûмӹļһĥ֮£˼뵽ˡ
һǳʤīһǻī
ս˽֮󣬼ϵ̩񰲣ȻҪ̣ͬʱīҵĴˣʹ˰æ켤侵棬ƻס
ţ˼úһ͵۶
дţʮ÷ɸ봫ͳź󣬺ǲʵֱ֮ܰﵽʲôæ
˵Ŷ˼ҿīҵĺͨ˵ϡŹԶƬ½ڶ˸ҵһģҪģǵ뷨
˼ûҪѧϵ⣬ΪʱĺԣһûѧСףֽǶţ١
īīͲһˣŶԸֽĿȺ츳˼ֻҪΪá
պīī˴ӡ
˼ʱе조żûλֳˣ
ī⻰ӾһᡰţҽûмʵҩҰ˵˽ֲ̣ÿ˳Իǳԣʱʿǻֺң͸һЩҰζ԰ɣǲӣ˰ɣʱһþͳ
īҲ߿࣬īĲࡣ
˼סЦǶǱιֵġ
˵ţ˼Ҳʮִ󷽵Ĵͳмҩֱݸ˺󣬻ҩԡô˵ҪϳԵСˣͲóҩԵĴ⣬һȻ⣬һҩܼʣǳԽ֬ųȥԣÿһʱ䣬ܹɹʣķʽܽҲ˺塣
ģҩֱҩ
īҩջؿڴһġ
ӵ󣬳˼㽫ټ˵Ŀ˵һ͸
ԣͶڲ
ʲô⣬ܰնϡ
⣬˵˽м⡣
īŲ䡣
˼֪һػⲻóö˿ۡ
˼Ҳܻ䣬óһķɢɫ
Ҳͷһؼ׷ȥ
Ȼ˵һ˷š

˼ӴֽϿ˴˵Σ¡
Ŷ룬˼ͺæ񡰲μ
񡣡
˼һֵ֣е㲻ͷ
¿һԼұۣȻ滹űѾԸо׺ˡ
л֮Ǹλġ
ţסĪҪȱµ¶ˣȻ³ȶϵֱ۸ҡ
˼˵꣬ǰ˰С֡
»һ飬һصĺжֱ۵ĳĿǴʲô
ȻȥʹӼҲ˷ĹĻ¶ˡ
ߺīī͸û¶һ漤Ļ
˼һֻջ֣ƤЦⲻЦĿ˼
ֱ֪ôϵ𣿡
ͬʱ
Ǳ
Ҳͷһؾãô˶ԼȫͿ˸첲ҪҲÿǵĵȡ
ţɫһô˶񶾵뷨
ѧ书ˣ㡭û¶˵ĸ첲ٽȥ
īһĭ˵
˼ֱ͸Էһۡô𣿡
˵ų˼Ŀ˵ϵļ
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379 ʵ

ϻ˲СĴԶڼʮµĸ첲еˣ˵ֻһ⣬һ£һ
˵꣬īīˡ
ⶫΣգҪİɣ
īùġ
˼ҡҡͷУȥɹǰﻵŹСҪԭ㿴˼㡣սʹģһսܻٵٸͥˣûУҲΪ˱ս趨ԭչ·ߣ϶ͬġ
˼һϴߣһԵĺԼС֡
㡣
ںĽԼ彣˳˼
󣬳˼ڼһ£ѹ̱ϸ󣬰ĺɫť
ܿ죬ʹһֻӤֱ۳̴ϸĺɫ
˼ŵǰ˻˵ˣգۡ
ӭ򼤹ţ鷢ˡһֱӴжϳء
ģ֮Һܺ棬⵽ǹ⣬ʲô
īһ棬īļҪһЩȻ㲻ף˵ĻȴźͶʮһͺһ˼
˿ī׼ˡ
˼˵ʲôʯˣΪСƴڷλīˡ
ˣֻ˵һ顣
ǳ˼ͰѼĳԭԼܴͷβĸ˽һ飬Լ飬Ψīīһ㡣
統죬ˣԭΪīҵĻң֪īһֻһͽǵߣûġ
ǰ˵ģҪֻҪڲװԶ
īٿ˼ʱеŮ˵ԴװԼԴˣֱˣŮ
ԣҪһܼܳľӣ𣿡
˼˵ԼĿġ
Ҳ˳˼νļƻ⣬ԭĹΧһͭͷҲԭ
ͨ϶УʯͷĻУˮ
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βʯͷˮ߽һ澵ӡ
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ī֪ԼᱻΪЦʯͷԵ֪ӲʯͷǻҡˮҲð죬һȫܼС׵Բͨᱻ޷ֽ⣬ͨˮֻᱻֻۣʲôװˮ
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Ŵ󾵣ܹ߾ۼһ𣬾֤Ŵ󾵾вη弤ԡ
֣ͨƬᷢɢͨŴ󾵻ۣһֻҪһ͸ܻ۹Ķ´ˡ
Ҳͨţ˼С಻ɵȸԾ
˶Ǻȵĸ£Ϊʲô⻻īҪƬ
˵˼תó˼ٰɫͷǴĿġ
Ҫ
ģֲǣⶫˣԿܴܲƬ
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īīһڿˮȻСļϵǳȥ¯ˡ
ߺ󣬺Ҳûš
˼ҩռľ˳һӾͱһӾӡ
еò׼ǡ
ˣһм߱͸Բ͸Ƥһ
˼̵һԼҪĶ󣬾ʮʮЩӱ˳ȥ
ȵ˶ˣ˼һҩռ䣬ʼ治֪ƣĿԲ
ЩóˮǻᵹùģԣЩרҵ֪ʶԭҪ͸ҪЦͲˡ
˸˾ְīīһ죬˼ûмˣԼķһ컹ܼϼأҲǺüûڿջˡ
˴ƷĪãջû
˼ѽô֣λֺĽ
ȥæˣӦÿˡ
˼ǲǵڼλظƣÿһζͬĴ𰸣Ҳ֪ʵ
ڣڵʮ峿˼ں˯ſ˼ٵ
˼ٴѣ´ţ뿴ƣվ档
ͷģȦһǼû˯õġ
-

380 Ӷ

īīҲһݵӣȻ˼ĵģǳƷ
𣿡
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һڣ֮аظ
ܿ죬мñⵣ̧װĴ˳˼ǰ
һ𰡣Ҳѹ֣Ͼīīīˣұһ飬˭Ǿͨ
˼˴С֣ĻϲĴһӡ
ܿ죬һɫԲνƬ㸡ڳ˼ǰ滹ڷúһԲÿһСʮȳƣҲִļ

˼ĳ˴Ĵָ
ţ˼ߵڶӸǰڴ֮ǰرһۺ
ľɵöһīī͸Ƶܡ
Ǻ˲ǳԼʲôҲͰˣ绹ǧĴӵ۶Ѱһλ߳ĻױʦΪһƣױݣĿľΪԼĿ࿴
ǣνǾľøֶ
ӣĿһʵؿִյĳŴ󾵣˼Ϊ֤Ͱַŵ˷Ŵ󾵵桰ţܺãܿϵϸơ
ǶʣµĻǣԽԽֶҴԵһ£Ҫʮֱַʮһ֮ڿ
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Ҳ̫˰ɣ
īŵȶڷ
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䣬īīֻӲͷƤӦ¡
ҲòȥҪҪʮױҪˡ
У취Χǡ
˼Ƭ̵īīλҪְĽ۶ǣĶҲųãҪһĻƻȥˡҪֶ̱ȵ¯࣬Ǿͳʱʱȷһ˽һƻΣ
԰ҲˣοҺþûпͥˣأ
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ڳ˼Уڹ˳ˡ
ԣԱ뵽˺ʮŮûˣȥɾûҪˡ
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ŮʲôֲƷûҪҪУԱȻ˵Ů޲ȥЩϻǮͰ׷ˡ
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˼˸ۣܾãԼʶˣ˺ȫǳԻ
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˼ɿһԾͳ԰ɣԻӱҡˣܳԣͥĻֻܳһ
˼Ը꣬ͮĴֱӵݸ˳˼ȻѸײڶ֮ƣٽϵıԼĻÿһһ¿ˮͥߡ
㿴һ
ٸһȥ鷿λ壬ˣ͸ȥ
˼ͥ󴳶СԺ׼۸ͮˣȻҪˡ
˵ֻ֪Ц
˼һڳ˼Ļ˯ˡ
űܵͮں˵ʵѾٰҵéˣ㲻ôġ
ͮķǵ
ʵѾϰˣҲ뿪û˺ԼθܲˣҽҲѸһ㣬ԣЩӶ
-

381 

˵ʵͮԽ˼Խǹⲻȥ
ˣǷװû¶Ҿ֪϶¶ԺԲ㱧Ҳʡһ컻·ԺޣͽҷˣҲճ
ãѽ
ͮѾ˼˵仰أΪϼ죬ͻӡ
Ȼ֪ͮ˼ġ
ˣʲô𣿡
Ŵˣ˵Ѿӵһ˼뵽ұĶ飬Ҫ˰꣬ǰ񡣡
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ٶģѾ޷ˡ
Ű֮ǾҪٴȥ￤Ͱ￤ˣǽһʵ飬ǳɹһеŬֵõġôУҲţҪ취׬ǮȻҸ˵ĿգҺڣõǳһǮ
鲻һ˼˵ԼǮˣ˵Ӳɳ
˵ţĲƸ·磬û˸ұȰɣ˲֪ԭ˶ҩ̣˰գһҪΪ۶⹱ƽ
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ϻҪѧϰ༼Ҫԭ˶ܳϸƷǹһ£Ǯµˣģ˴󷽣ĺãҲһֳɵġ
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īīһᵽãҲĵԹΪǰãǱԹ˵õĽս
⻰жˣֻԼ֪ҲӵļǺЩеĴ󳼡
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382 Ů

ΪҪȵպ󡭡
īãʲôÿķ˲
˼Ц׬Ǯ
ֻǵ֣īīûʵ˼
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ͣ˼ǾȥһǸԱңϾΪҽߣƶͼûʲôˡ
ǿһԱⰡӰײӡ
ҲȥȴǱ˼˼С
ȣĺѽͰڼްɣ
˼»СԼ
ǰˣһһUSBȣ쳣ܵĶԼġ
졣
Ȼûˣǵøңǡ
˼ΪڳɫȣⱲӶõĳ룬ȵĲ񻰣鼱֮£ѰôСȣǺ£ฮˣֻҪǸ˼йϵģһСȡ
ûˣֻȥ˷졣
Сأ˼ϵرҲǲȥ˷Ƕһ˵ġ
Ҳ֪˭Ϣ˻Ϻͻʺҹҳ˼Сȣ˼Σֻһ˴ߣһѡ
񣬴Ҳˣ֪ϻʺõСģƫƫ˼ؿƿ
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ʱԱĸſڣ˼̧ۿͷҡ
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ָҲռ֡ѵǰݡ
˼е¡
ȻСȴǶԴм⡰ָǰ࣬ʵµԶ˼ҵĶĵܵܵĶӡ
СĻ˼ЦֻҪǽ׾ͺˣһΪնݲ紵أ
ģʵҲƲˣھ͸ûʲô𡣡
һʱ䣬˼е㱣·Ǽʵ£ֻһ˲Ĺ㻻ˡ
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С˼ţյĴŴ򿪣߳һλ׷ԲԵͷ
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ֹܼҲһ٣عͷʱ򣬾͸ʲôµϢһǳ鴤ɲϳӣĶ˵ŮģһѾеģҶҼС㣬ǲǴǸеģүŮ
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ܿ죬˱ӭ
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˼ͷ˷ͻȻ˶ǸŰɫȹŮӣ˴ӻ߳ŮǿһۣͽĿ
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ֹܼҼͨһڵϡҪҼү
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ģǳıӵ

ү˺һ׶ײ
˼ӶЦѾߣҲү۸ʹһƣ˾ͷ˰ɣ
˼Ц֪Ҳңǰ˵һ
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ܼңȥСɥǣ˻˯
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ܼ߳ȥмСˡ
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ȻСÿ־ʱ򣬼үͼֹܼϰԵı۾ָо͸ҪµĶһ
˼۾գĿǰļС㣬ӳʮգŮӵķ٣ǰǸᰮŮװŮװС
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383 ʹһ

ۡǼֹӰ
Сһڲ裬Сֱһڲ˳
үͼֹܼҸβѣүһӣǳųªסʡŵ
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롣
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˼ָһ䣬üСȽȥ
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СȻĵſڣŭĿˡûǱȥҲ͵
һʱ󣬳˼һ˳߳ļС޿䣬һϾҪȥӡ
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ȼүˣ˼ŮԼ⣬ַˣǵĻ򲻺ãŮҲ
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үһͷˮ
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˶Ϊ²תʱ򣬳˼ߵ˼Сߣļʵ뵱ˣ뵱ŮˣҶԳȫ㣬ǣΪˣŮˣ㶼޷СΪЩûУģֻиıòԼʡ
뵱Ůˣ޷СҲҪŮˣһС檻ǿԵġ
С㼤Ŀų˼
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үһЦҲ֪ûжӣôһвŮŮˣһŷң̵һãǣûܸȡҲ֪ҵ˼
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ү֣صĵͷģһϵļּȻȲǰ࣬飬һֱǾҵҵ
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384 κҪ

ϻص֪ԼͬʱҪΪƵʱüͷͲɵ
ΪβһһҲһЩ
㶮ʲôβҪѸ٣˶ϷκˣһҪϢأһҪأ
˼һ뵽²Ҳͷ۲ѡ
ֲҽֻԿԼҿۣû취ģҲֻĬĬ֧ˣȰɢ
磬˼С緹ȥ˼ָ
үͼַԼСſںţվһվһѾߣ̵¡أֻһϮµļСȴԵøͻأ
Ҫ֪˷ŵʮһͿǻϱġ
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ǡ
йԶֳţΪ˼С·
ڳ˼ļүʱĲŶͷϵĺһŵı飬˼̲סʵүΪ»Ű
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үһ˵ַ˸С˻һվԭҲʯһһ
˼Цǣ˵ˣһвϲ̥ǡ
⵹Ҳǣһ䡭
˵ͷ࣬Ҫƽʱĸ˸ҶҼô˵类εͷˡ
Сʵǿ߼ү̬ҪҪȴɡ
˼ҲϲԼĲԼҽΪβҽΣһָҲйϵ
ǱΣ˾һܱҽκãֻҪǸӵĲ֢ʮ֮˾ŶãǲΣԼпܱԼ
İУ˼Ҳ
иͷŲ˼β˼ǸʱᣬͷһֱǸ߶Ƚ״̬ʱֱԼѾˣ״ӵĳ˼Ϊţͷ棬ֱ
Ϊˣͷļ˾ͰѻȦڵҽԺſڣ˵ˣҪǮ
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˼˲һ˶һԣʱΪǮԲҪ΢еǮʱ򣬱ʱװ
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ǼּҵãĪѾɮ
˭˵ҾûˣԺЩɮʲôģƭ˵İϷ޷Ƥˡ͸Ǹһ׬յǮܰѰƭԭתǸɮҲˣνɽҪƭ˲ǡ
ôһ˵ǸɮƭǲǮأ
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ߵǰõԣճ˼˵ģȥ󣬰۾ϡ
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СһСȥַˣСһֱǿⶫˣҲл᳢ˣȻǻϲĽ
һյĹ˱˻ԡ
ڳ˼˽ҩռʱ򣬴һƣһɫӰû˷䡣
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ͮժ¶ң¶һŲҰ׵ӣԾѪͨ
˵ҪһвŮ˱ŮˣҾæˣͬΪҽߣҿɲƹ̡˭֪ССļָز¶ҪṦãͱǵİˡ
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385 ƭ

Ȼˣ͸СһҴ֣ѧǶ١
˼䣬ֱԭʧȼָİ׷ʱֻⲻҽ
Ϊкڣڼү֮ϵģҲ˵ǵӣϾּһͶ˳˼
ڸүһƣȻܽţ롣
ǸŮһҲģ˺Ҳɡ
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˵磬ǹ¶ģʵϣҲҹ˾ʱ˽̸졣
纮İ˯źȨİڷϸŷϸϸҪôպһôϣһ졣
֮Ӱȥ٣ƾճ֣Ṧãõ˿塣
ǵ䳡Ǿ˲׵ķȵκβ׷ֵĽ䡣
аţ˼ҩռҲæԿۣΪĳ˾汦һʱʶ
ôѪˣѪž͸ɶһģŶ֪ˣһǲݮζҩԲԣҿԺһ𣿡
⻰˼ķ·ҵͻƿڡ
̧ͷһС䣬СһƣʾԼݺϷ
Ժȣֻܺһڡ
˼˵գͮšһѪ˵ͺ
ȣһˡ
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׼ǿˡ
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ͮŵȫۿ˼ô˵ģԼġ
У㵽ǰҪʼˡ
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ԭˣô˵һڳɻ֮ˡ
ͮĵ۷·𱻴򿪣Դˣ㲻˵ĿˣΪ˼ȷ˼롣
ֵһСʱ˼Сͮȫ죬ƵĹУ˲÷һҪΪСرӡ
֪ͮСѹᣬ͸Сһ˰һӣʮֹɵ̨ԣĿתעų˼
ȻСȴͮС֪
˼һѷԵļСͷ·һ㣬ڳ˼ϸŻĿӡ
ĿĪڶϵλãһļƤ
֪˶ã˼С֣ƴ󹦸ɣϵȫʯ״̬
ͼС㱻˼һӣģӣֲǣѪ
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386 ҿ

ܻ𣿡
ͮŵֱ£Ƽ˳˼ӼСϸ⡣
Ȼܻëģֲɱ˵ġ
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ϣ˼ͰѼүͼַͳҩռ䣬ڼС㣬Ϊϵ˿ڹ࣬ĿǰʺϴĻС
һֱҩռ䣬ȴ֪Ѿǵڶ峿
үͼַ˹ˮ˼ԾڼָЪϢ
ͮСǻŰϢϾ˼ˮĶҲֻܹﵽæˣܻҩʲôġ
İʱּ֣˶ѾܳϷˣ˼ͰСͮ˼ּңչ˼ּˡ
ҩ˼ȫڳ˼иҪȥ
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˼֪ЩҽһֲĽ
ŭĴݸ˳˼
˼˫һһĨǳЦ⺢˲١
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˼ĵ˵ͷʵôԼĶӣֻǿǶôģ;һĵ
˳Է֪ĸأһֱӳһֶҲǳ¶
ԴӺճι̵ʱҲŻµ֢״
˵ǻҪԶһЩѧ˵ǡ
Я߽˼Ȼһʵеɶ
أµĲֽÿǲһΣȫһܡ
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˼һƣֱӽ˷䡣
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ôû뵽أһ򣬾һϾڵԭûĹ
뿪Ը˸˼ȥ˷˻ƽ𰲶Щ
ĳ˼ݸ˺һɣ˯ˡ
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СӶ˯˯˳ԣȵ˯ʱȴǾ
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Щ죬еԲˣû뵽˺Ӻôʹֻ࣬ţԼҵĴܹ쳤벻ˣΪһǳҿ顣
磬˼۾
峿ĵһ⣬ͨϣ˼һҪȴֱֺŴڴߣֻ۾϶˺Ȧӣʧߺܾõˡ
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ͷһ˯ĴЦСһҹأԱ˯ְ˴Ĵ䣬ƫƫ˯ҹǲǻ˯ȻһĿޡ
˼ЩĿˮ˼УȴҲ޿κΡ
ĵʹˣǣֲġ
ԺǾҿһ㣬ٴһ㣬ͥæչˡ
á
ظһ
ȻԼۣ˷ֵһҿ࣬Ҳһ㡣
ǽīīѧӣ˼ͣӺϽӹúطЪˡ
˼Ŵһʱīīˡ
˵ľͷǺܺãʮήҵӡ
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ī˫һ̯ɾͰ˦˽ʿ
īҲŲ˰Լĸɸɾ˼ЦʱգȺʿҲвȥˡ
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ԣڵİԶ˿һӡ
Է𣿡
˼еĿˡ
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īһЦ
˼ƺԤϵЩָϻûʰ˵ͳԵɣ
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387 

ȷʵãǺ࣬治Ϻʸкκͱ㡣
ʵЩȫǳ˼ĸɻģΪ̫Զֻɸɻ
ÿÿ⺣࣬˼ԼĸԼ硣
˵飬ԼǲҪԼ̫ԶܰҰ䷹ˡ
һ뵽ִЩԶײڵĻ뷨
ҲĸǶǺø磬ǵϱ˺ӣļˣͱøˡ
ԣһǶԶҲδһ¡
īī극˼ʹȥ˳
˳䣬˼Ĵݵīϡæš
īԴǽһ֣һԵīҲ뱧ǾԹ˼ǴûɱӻǿԵġ
Ȼ˼ûй˼īЩСžţӣѾһ׼õĶ˽ܡ
ɸۡϸɰǡԼͷۡ
ڳ˼ҩռУиõƷ⣬ǣҪӭʱĿζǣЩȫִĸ㣬ҪʱһһƳȻû˼ˡ
ˣҪŹ˿͵θڣÿһεƷг䶯ǡ
ͷֻǲ֪ΪҪͷ뼦ͷۡ
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˿˼ֱӽɫͽһҤ̲סеʣ˵Ӧ÷ŵĻש
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ģһס
˼һҤľ
󣬳˼ʼҤ·λãһɲȥ
ҤǸѧģǼԼ뷨档
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īǵĿ˼
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죬ۿʱ쵽ˣ˼ȥ˺
˵ҪԼķζͲʳԣǺóԣôīīĳƷҪɺҺı׼ĵ׼
ֻ˯һСû˯ãȴǻǿ̫ࡣ
ҪʧߵĴˣһĻе㲹ѽ
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һ˵˼ȴ⻰
סӣίĿǲǾеǴҩҪҪ˿Ҫͱ߷衭
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ǰһУӶҪ࣬õүôӡ
ģԺ˯ʲôʱ˯ʲôʱ򣬴Ҳô˯ˣžǡ
ţΰͽˡ
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ʵ˼涼ַˣӿɱо̱ʲô۵Ķ࣬Ϊӿ޲κγҲκʱ䣬ҪޣҲҪޣҪޣҲҪޣؼͺҹߵܰڵ
ҪȻִļͥУôܿǵİ
ʵ˼Ҳ͹񫣬Ȼ޴İ˦ԼķǴףǲԴеġ
䣬īīҲǽ
˼ҤĵȡʱһµĵĻ¶˷ҷ˵궼Ϊ֮һ
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˳˼ͻ˯Ĵ˶ѱӴյԲΡɫֽơʮɵĵϡ
ǲĸ㣬ǳԵĲѩ⡢̶⡢𻨸⡢ȵȣȫӲĸ㣬ˣԶ˼겻֡
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388 

ҳ
˼ݸһӡ
ӹӣһС鵰С
壬ͺԵİֱȰĿڸиá
ţóԡ
˴Ĵָ
īī׷һ飬
óԣóѽ
īãóԵĸ㡣
īֱԼж֤˳˼ĵжóԣһ˺ü飬ȥԼļ˳һ
ҲˣͰǵı׼һһʲôʱѧᣬʲôʱ뿪
Ļͬö˲Υ
˵ɾеˣѾӦ˺ûзڵɡ
ο⵰ӿ˺Ҳзֳɣ⽫һݳԶ׬Ǯҵʱǳɵӡ
˼ͺûеţɴѿռˣԼȥˡ
ٿʵڲУҾһ飬ֱѧΪֹҪǲУͰǼҵŮϾ⣬ٶе㲻顣
⵹ãⶼѧᣬǾΪīӵܡ
Ҳǲȷֻ˲Ҫ̫ĺá
Ŵͳ˼һ˴֣ռһڣ׷˱ܡ
еӴģֱǰʺôкСģֻԶԶĿţδǰ
˼ÿοСòһЩǹˣҲԵ͵ӡ
˼һֱֵһ㣬Ҫǵ˭˶ҿǻ̫ȤЩ
οһҽߣҽߵְǸ˿
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ʢģȨһ㶼ڼϽ
ģҪôеģҪôǸɹѾߺˡ
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ų˼֣ǰߣ֮еɻҲˡǵãһνȥʱԴ͸һκ˺úð죬ΪδʲôоûС
˼ʱЦˡˣӴҸеʱҾһֱǴ̥Ѿϰˡ
ԭˡ
ҲЦЦ
ڽ۶ǽԶ·һһԸԼ뿪˵۶ǡ
ԼĪһʱͣһƵɽ֮ǰ
˼һԾæǰס˼С֣ΪԺҪô嶯ȱˣ
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˼һůһԼ˾ǺãС¶Լˡ
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ڽصĿ󹤻Ϊ۾ˣôǰĪͶˣһֱӹǰ
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˼һۿ󹤣һ׳ʵĺӣţòˡ
ʶǣżүҲ㽲ˡ
ԺǺˣҲֻͺ
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ŵĿŴ϶׵Ŀ󶴺һɤӣʱһڵˣ˳ʸϡ
˶󣬳˼ɵüͷ
ݳӣǲ֮ǰļ֡
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ôǶǼү֮ǰ飬ڵļүѽ׷ߣȻҼү鷳
ЦˣһеȻߣмߵաǳԵȻãҪԭ򣬻ĵĲɿʱһҲˡ
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˼ԽſԽϲ֣˼ȴޱȵϸ塣
ʲô֣
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389 һԴ

Сš
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лʶ
ͨһڵϣҲ׷¹
˶ѪԵģһŮ¹ҲȻЩ˵Ŀнһߴ
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󣬳˼źһʧǰ
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ž۷׷ף֮Щõģõȫˡ
˹Ŀ˵Ҫۣ书ǿԭʿ֪ģţʩչṦһ˿󶴡
ŵĻǶ裬Щûٷ顣
ҩռŵĳ˼ͺŵı֣ǽһ⡣
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˼ԴΪ
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ͣʱ䳤ǲе׬οǽ󣬲ٵҲǱĿ޷ȵġ
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֮󣬳˼ִóһݽţ˵ʹ÷Լڵȥúһŵı飬Ǻͺһ뿪˽ڵɽ塣
˼ͺߺһˮ˸ʵ飬ѩ׵ĵ˲䣬ŵǿãģҲ·𱻵
֪еĹˡ
ǣԺһԵĺãĺãĺãҪ˼ҲԽԽãԣӰѾҪúʧ
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˸ߺߵɽµĺ˼һͨС
˼ЦԾǸĹߡ
ҪҪһ¡
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У˰ɵһһһӾӵһУֻҰģ󲻵ΪãԾĹ
˼̫˺£Щ޲֮Ű裬ɲԼõһ
ʵѧһǻѪṱ׸ҡ
ǣԼԽԽԼˡ
ִܸУЩ١
˼ܿǾüһºôɶΪ㣬񳯻ϴףĶɲ㡣Ҿ룬׬һУ޶Ҳˣ뿪ԭȥĵطϡٰԭһԴҲá
˼˻һ˶ɵˡ
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390 ֵ

ӣӾŸ˭ܱ֤ܲϵĶȻмӡ
ʼնû뵽һΣԶδ·ˡ
Ŀһ۳˼ʾ¸Եͷܲļ䡣
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˼ɽȪˮīīĶУ֡
뿴
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īģīĵе㲻ɫҪѷɫīһЩ˵ǵˡ
ˡ
˼źͶȥһЦӯӯĿ⡣
һĭҪóԻУҪóԣζٺθҪ
һᣬٴνӹ˼ĲӣһīĵŽ˼ڣɫתáţóԣֻûбĺá
īĵ⣬⿴࣬óԣǣǵƷߣǻᱻԼ͵ġ
һīĵ⣬к󣬺ͷˣ˵ͷΪ˵Ŀī
óԣһóԣ˵˵ּʲô棿
õ˺ҿ佱ʹó˼Ҳ̲סһ㡣
Ȼóԣ˵˵
ī뺮ĵ޲ڣĪͺ
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кīëֽдһᡰëֽأɼꡣ
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ͥëʣںĿ֮£дһŤŤĴ֣ΪҺˡ
һ̣ڱСڻҲϱӾǸӣһֻĳֹϵˣֽһ
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391 ʺѲ

Ŷͥɵĵ˵ͷ
ͥëʱҲԽ
֪ȥˡ
ϵʱͥдë˲٣ȻǺܳ󣬿дǸҺˡѾ̫ࡣ
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Ĵˣ˯ڶϡ
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ϾʺѾǵ֮⡣
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ϣһȥһŨѪζӭ
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392 滮

㶶ʲô
ϣ΢ޣ΢ʺ΢
Ȼˡ
仰ǳ˼˵ġ
Ͽ˼ˣ·ҵ˷Уæų˼ʺ̫ҽһ߿
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ϣܸһ֣ҾҲĿˡ
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޵ĻʺӣΪʲôҪ뿪
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ڹϣעȫڻʺͬʱʺҲ۵Թ˲ϾҲע⵽˼ʲô
˼ǸʺǣԴΪʺ󲹳
ţ˼˫ַ˻ʺĶƤϣ˼Ƭ̣˼ϸ˼ϲɫʺ󣬸ֻ̥ǳĴλѲֻҪһ̥Ϳˡ
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ʺҧ촽۵ĶˣҪз˳һ̥пԸ⡣
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˼ź飬̫ҽǶܽҲл̫ҽ簡

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393 Ů˲˵

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ڹаϯ˼ͺڱ֮УڻϵЩֵܣҲûǣΪˣƻ˶ˡ
ԣ֪Ҳǻ˱ģڱˣƻѡ

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һѾĴǣ׷ǰ꺮ů
Ů⼸ôؼңﶼѽ
ס˼Թ
ʱм۵Ĵһࡰ޳ȥŮóȥˮģҪأ׼Ǽ¶Ůڻһξˣ˵ˣ˭û¶Ҫҡ
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394 

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395 

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396 

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397 ֭

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ǺǲȣȿҪȵˡ
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398 

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Щˣ֪Щƿƿ޹װʵǾƣһʼˮȣźžˡ
ڵʱ䣬Щ˻ڴĲ֪ơ
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ңӦðѲоʰһµġ
˼ʶԺʲôҪõҩռĶʣµĶܷˡȻᷢܶ಻ɿص顣
극˼ι괳˯ȥЩ쳣ۣ˼Ͼ˯ˡ
ڶϣ˼һѰ˼ľˮ֭ãʱŸ˴졣
ͷĲܹˡ
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Сվԥһ£˵ܹ˵뺮Сȡ֣ǽأ
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˵ͷ˵Ȼȥһ˵֣ҪǸһӵģΪʲôȥ
ļᶨó˼ֻЭˮ֭飬ֻܴӻʹ˵ˡ
ϴϣ˼һ°ɫȹӾ뺮Ҵҽ
ʹѱ緹˵׼ϺͻʺڵǣԣҲ˲ˡ
˻ʹ֪ʺ԰ǡ
ʢĵ԰ȻķޣĻݲݣһ£˳޼Եʣ԰ֲ￴һۣ͸һֹĸо
ϺͻʺһŻ֮У޽һʯĸʯΡ
˼ͺ󣬷׷׶԰ľɫ˸ԵĿ
˴㷱࣬Ǵľˣ϶ҪϺüأ
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ʺŸһ䣬Ц⡣
ǰ԰˱ǣʺְ԰ǵĺϳģͽҹɣ
ʺû뵽ǵĻ˸ɴ࣬Ƕûἰأŵȳ緹˵ǵĻ壬Ѿӵȡˡ
ҹʲô⺬𣿡
ЩѽĿ
ʺȴǷǳ⡰ϣȻ嶼ȡˣ۾ͱʶˡ
ǲУһ˵ҪһģҪֵ֪ĺɣ
ִţҲɤӽ͵ҹĳʱ䣬׳Ĵ󺣣ϣ־Զؿ²һλʾ


еŮԻˡ
Ϊʵǲ׳
ѾȡãʺϵһĲҲǸһ䡣
ͺܷʢ˼ֻǺһ࣬ҲԲˡ
ʺ˼һÿξöܳһͷţˣһԷʱܳԲ࣬ųžûθڡ
˼֪ʲôֻȵȥ
ʺǰ֢״ڲǾ̫ҽ˷ӡ
˼뺮ظȴһŮʺһںҩԶ˼ŵһɿζ
ʲôѽθҩ𣿡
˼ӣɻĿʺ
ʺһεǰԷûθڣ̫ҽ취ôһ취
ʵʺɲˣԭʿڶкˮˣҵҩҲ֪ģгҩǽҩСиҩƬֻҪˮͷɣҲһ۵Ĺ򣬸ܵκοɬԺҪʲôֱ̫ҽȥҩץҩ֪ǻʹģǲǮġ
㲻˵һˣ⼸Ŀˮǰ׺ˡ
ʺǽһްû취˳˼ҽ̫ҽҲˣҩҲ˼ҵġ
˼ڰȫǣǸʺһƬ̺󣬳˼ЦθܽҪҩֻʳûжθڵģȣûθҲǻʺ֮˵ȡһٷûʺ󿪿θ
ʲôɩҪ
ʺеܳ
ţǵˣǸųѧһֺòˣ֪ģḺһ緹
˼ûʲô˵ģʺֱֱȥҿֻһٹ
ģ֪ɩǴæˣܳһٷҲһ¡
룬ʺеȲˡ
Ҳ볢һʺķǻɩҪлȻԵķݶûС
ʱǾͳ˳ԡ
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399 ֮

˼Ÿϳ˵ȥָ
ȥ𣿡
˳Եֲ緹ģһģһȥʲôѽмûСˣȥָΣ
˼һᵽС㣬ļƤʱһ
ǸвŮġ
ꡭ⻰Ժ˵˵ĵġ
˼һۺʵΪҽߵĵһ׼򣬾Ҫ˱˽
һ㣬ĺʧܣԺϸִС
ԼĪʱͣ˼ָſڡ
үͼַΪлڻָڣж㣬˽˼뺮ӭ˽ȥ
ʱͷϻкӦǸմԷ
˼ɴཫһ˶һ飬ȻʼշŲ¡
λʲôģ
ô˵һһۣʱҹﻹܸѡ
ү˵ʱѾ˴Ƭ
ַû˵ǿһۼү˼˲ͶˣǶ˵һ¡
˼ͮСչһڣ˻ҩˮǳ˼ÿβҿܡ
ҪҪˮˣֻǻҩǳ˼Ͱΰ񽻸ͮ
ͮһ㶼ʲôʱ
Сϻ
ᵽͮʱе㲻á
˼ýֺͷҲ뵽϶Ů͵ÿֲ棬ǵ˼Ǹŭԡ
ǷģһȥһĽ̵ֻڣҪΪǼһ£ָΣ
⡭
үɫֱӺɫַҲǲ֪Ǻá
ﶺһİ˸磬Ȼû˼˵̸
ǣ˼ʹУﲻŮˣԭ֪Ҫˡ
ǰ۵ĲǺεģֺαЩ
ַ˵һ׹ҲԸó˼顣
үȻû˵ѾԼ˼
󣬳˼Ѿ߽үͼַͻ˷䣬Ϊˣæߵǰʵ𣿡
ڻߣȸүͼַ˼飬ҪС㣬ҪеľȻȥɣ
УҪ㡣
ٶ˸磬Ǵ粽ĸų˼
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˼ȥ˼үͼַ˵ķ䣬˶վţδ¡
룬ҲˣЩֲ
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˼ָָĴַѾߵĲ¡
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㲻ȥ𣿡
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⡣
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üͷһ壬Ҳ৵һ¾ͺˡ
ԥ˳ȥŸϡ
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ҡһǡ
㡣
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үֻҧػȥó˼úü飬Ź˰ʱ˼ҲǰһڡƽﲻҪȾƣһ㷢ףҸ㿪ҩʱԼͺˣסڻָڲҪȾƣҪմˮ̫ࡣ
һǺĻ
үſֵ
ַ˺ͼү˼һ·ֱСԺӡ
СסһŵСԺʱľһԺӵͤͲλã˼һӿԳԶеѾιԡ
С㿴˼͸һˡ㿴Ҳвˣ
鷳뿴ָôˣ
˵ţ˼ͰѼСݡ
뿴С֮ˣɴСԺ洵硣
ݵĳ˼żСɺú󣬾óһѼСϵıȫ
һոµ壬ɳ˼ִ˹Ůǰʱ˼ȵסС졣
ǲǳʲô״
ûûʲôٹһʱ䣬ܳװЩɴΪƯȹɽˮˡ
˼С㻻ҩɴú󣬱Ҵ߳СԺ
պСԺĳڴվţԼŵģæסôˣǲǸвŮ۸ˡ
ѽǡ
˼źٳֱ˼ſڽ͡С̫вˡ
˼ɲ˵ѼСĳλŮǵӣһ˵ҵһȣգһǶΪ
УҲǼٵģƲϡ
Ļ˻֣ʾظ
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400 㶹

ƲǺ£Ҫˣôʰ㡣
˼һסĶ䡣
۵üĽĶ䶼챻šˣǿЦЦѡ
ЦҲС
˼һǶˣ޸˾֪Ϊһӣĳ챻һҪҪˡ
ҪȻô˵ǰķĹأһ˻飬ʲô鶼пܷ
ԣҪøӡ
ҪǸұңҾͰԭ͸ɹԭҳΪЦ
˼˻һͷһ
˵⻰͵ЦһЦ˵⻰ǳ˼һоҪˡ

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ǻˣǶˣιȣ̷Ҳܿܣʵǡ
ˣⲻԹ㣬ȥ׼һ㶹ٽĥɷۡ
˼ӹԷС۵ȥһͿ޳ɸ˶ˣҪǳȥһ죬ǻҪ޵żҡ
ʲôЦ
׼С䲽һ٣ת˼ʵҪٸ㶹
һٽɣ
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СЩԾкڣֲʶǽ˼Լһȥ㶹ˡ
ų˼ι̵Ĺ򣬺ɻ˼ߡҪ㶹ѵǸ׼ģ
СȻڳݣҲʺϳ
㡭ŶˣҪʺɣҲ֪ʲôҪõһٽ㶹
Ҵһ㣬øǸҲһʱ򵰸ӿ˺ֻܲɣҪõĳ
˼˵ʲôΪԼҪ˵˵ڣʱʱ͸ϲˡ
ι괳СҲ
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㶹ĥãɽ
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С䣬ȥ׼֥顢⡢Сʡ͡͡ϳԼˡл
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ȻֻҪǸԻйسԵļǵñ˭
СƬ̣еĶУֻûа֥ˡ
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¶֪аţµġ
ҿָƺԤ
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νˮ¥̨ȵ£СҪ·ϵԽԽãǽΪһԵĿԾԽڱңȫһϵСѾͷ
ңСȥҳ·ˣ㲻ż𣿡
˼Ŀҡ
Ҿ˾˵ʲôСү˵ˣһ˵Ҫ϶ǸˣŮ˰ǰҲСүϲСǱҲԸȫ
˵ͲĻ󣬳˼ĿɿڴﻹǴһСĿ˵ģһɣŮ˲˵Ļ
Ҳþףĵǣһ˲һš
æҲҪæˡ
˼ͷߵԣøɻԼΡ
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˼еˮѾտǿ׳ˣĥõ㶹۵ȥ
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Ҫãǵ˶ˮ
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401 һ

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СӦһ㿪ʼϡ
ͬʱ㶹Ҳˣ˼һľ裬е㶹۾˽ȥ
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Ҳ˺󣬻ҪһˮʣµĶٵȵ̣ͱһҽĶⶳһյĳƷ
Դ˳޲ѣ˼ɡ
Ȼδã˼ɲǰ
ʱ󣬾Ө͸۱˼ȫϣʣµĻˡ
ĳӣг״װһͰٷֳһȻһ
ӵɵۡСĵλ²ȥ
ʲôȥ̹еĳۣ̻ͻˡȵʺ٣϶ôģҲԷһ
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һģȴĺһڣ;һݳޡ
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ܹ˵ȺͺȥˣŸأͻȻĳһĺӣ˵ϲ࣬һķϢֻ»ʺ˲ϲ
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ŶԭǺ롭
ܹɫת·ղ˵Щȫǿ̸һ㡣
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Ӵһڣ˺ĸ룬Ҳǽƽ
޹ʺϾԣľӤһεĿ⿴ų˼
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ȥ
˼һ۳ӡ
ӲһѶͷϵĺˮǸϺͻʺһ񣬱㽫ʳСķŵϡ
ʺļΪʳװľǽ
ⲻ֪򿪺ֻһޱȵĽϡ
ϡʺλҪԵأ
ϵһ룬Ϊʢһ룬øʺ󡰻ʺȳԡ
ʺûãճ˵ģҨһ׽ϰ˰衣
ͷһؼֶӨ͸ģҲ֪Ǻ
ʺͽһڵʱ˶վáóԡ
һ򣬻ʺͳ롣ʺóʢ˼סˡʺⶫһԶﲻܣҪǻԣ˱׷࣬һ¡
ţе˵˵ʲôģڸΪ⣿
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402 ɱ

㶹ģʺϲҾԼҳӽ̸е⿣һʺԵʱˡ
ɩϸأʲô׼ˡ
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ģúỵ́Ҫû̻ᣬҪ˵ġ
ллʺСһľ
ӹл󣬿һ۳˼ŷСˡ
ۿʱҲˣ˼һǷ˵ʺ󣬻һ£ҵĵҪҵʺͻϵʱҸӡ˰أһȻ٣ӿҲͶˡ
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Ҳһɻ󣬰˵ȥû⣬ֻǸʲôطһֲõĵطȥˣܹӰ첻á
ʺ񲻶ϵĽ˼֪ˡ
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ʺſڵĹŮ֣Ůӳߣּ򵥵Ĵɨһ£㽫޹ķĹϡ
ʱѾĳ˼һִĿ⿴Լҷ˺ôҲǻʺ󣬽ϵ¶ҪǸײָ׼ô˵أ
˵ʲô˵߸ѻϺͻʺУȫǱĿ?
ԭ㶼֪ԺҪˡ
˼ʵڵģҪһԼҷѻϺͻʺĳ׵ףǻܰ
֮飬ҺãҲǳˡ
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ӣǲ»ôֻҪԷʲô˺飬ǲףԭѰһλ¾
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Ȼǣ׬ǮΪ˻ǮǮСϲһȴԼûǮȥʱ飬Ҳ֪ܲ⡣
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㲻һȥ𣿡
ȥճйرĻⲻϣʡǰô˵¡
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˼Ѿ֮С
ȥǱϲԳĶûʲô⡣
˼ˣⲻڳǸԻ
ҲգΪԺܳԵĸãҪûɱˣȻݺӵң⡣
緹˼𼱻ǵȥ˵۶ǵĸá
֪˶κ˼Щ˽֪˼Լҳӵģ˵ʹŶԷȥη
ȥη;У˼̲סʵδο飿
ʹǽ֮ڵ˭Ҳ˵׼֮ˮأҼǳӺ񣬵ɱߣϼŶҹǰˡ
ǲڣǲôģھԵ֤ǰҲҪȴΪҸϵĳӶ޶ԣͰˣϵòϸ񡣡
ԡ˼ǡ
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403 ʵ

úõĲ飬ȡ֮ǰҵ֤ݡ
˼һԴûͣȴҪ̽Ҳͷһسԡ
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ҪģǺĸԶݣ˺Ϊգĳ̶ֳ˵ǵļˡǺţ˭ܱ㡭
ңҡ
Ŀ޺ıڳĶκջѡģ㻹ǲ֪ôҪ㣬ɱˣҲܱ㲻
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˼ͲκĪеĴ꣬ˡ
κһ조Ҳİʵ˵취Ī֡
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˼ȶٶȿġʲôԸҿ԰ɡ
Уȥҵ޶˵ӲһԴ㹻Ҷˡ
˼ӹӣǻʺ͵ģǼΪ̡
ãҴӦ㡣ģǺôһߺҾͰӽУҲҪһǡ
ллͷˡ
ͨͨ߰˸ͷһ׳ģڳ˼һ˸ˣĺͿ£ڹС
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Ȼ⻰Ҳ룬һ˵͵ȡ衣
Ҳ͹һ֪ǰпܣǴǹٵӣԼļһӶ̧ͷֻǺӵǸ¹ʵ̫ˣ֪ʺţ
˭֪أ˾ûһ׵ġ
κ˴ССİӣĿùһ¿״Ԫкӡ
˼⻰ϡ桰˵ĺδҲһ
κһ죬ôԼҲȥˡ
˵̫ˡ
㰡ȥŰɣ
˼
κһ·ǰš
ܿ죬Ŵ˴򿪣һλŶĸ˻бһཱུӤӣ˷ϴ·
λǡ
󵨣ͶδҲ°ݡ
һͬǰǰ˼ϴ嵶˵ģŵø˻еӤ۴ޡ
˼ûĵǼۡ˵֮⡣
ǡ
ĵǲûȴˣһǻܿ
һŻеӤһ˵֪Ҽ˵ӣλδˣҾͲ֪ˡ
ûҲûйݣ˼෴ϲˡ
δˣ֪ĲϸѽϰվȻʶ㡣
κָԼ˵֪˶κ꣬ʲô¶ȥԩġ
Ŷ
˵ͷ
˼ЦȴЦ˵ֲ֪οڣ⽻˶κꡣ
κֱӿżɽ˵֪ԼվҪնǱµ޺ֹ
ôҼ˲ˡδˣǿҪΪѽ
˱źӹڶǰ
κ㵹֪ˡ
˼ڸʵʲôοһˣҪδ뿪
ͻȻ˵ȵȣҼиãвʵڹеŮҲд֣λæӸţȻ絽ܼһ棬ö˸кá
ʵǳ룬Щ΢ֵǸʵ
κһĭŵĿˡ
˵˵ͷǾ˵á
õȷϺ󣬶κӿ첽ķߣһ·Ҳͣ
ȳ˼󣬶κ֨֨ǸŮǲʵ
õĻԣһʲôȥʹ
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404 ŵĹŮ

κҲΣָоǿҡ
ʵãСΪ鼫ãôȥɱʵĽ
Ҳڻʹ
˼κ󣬱㳯Żʹķȥ
ʻſڵʱ⵽˻ǵءߺˣ֪𣿡
˼ƿ¶¶Ƿ׷׹
С׾뺮ˡ
ްаɣ
˼˻
һԵĶκ겻ɵø̾ǲһ¶¶ûǸεѡ
δˣֻҪļֵԽ󣬵λҲ֮ˮǴߡ
˼Դˣĸڡ
κͷʾСС͵ĺѧ̫̫࣬۶֪޷ѧĶҲ˼ʶ
ܿ죬ڻʹеһ㳡ͣ¡
ǰֻܲУǹеĹأûԽ˼Ҳ뵱ͷ
˼κ󣬿һܣ־Ȼûһ۸ʱ߳ŭ
һǺóһȥǳͷǲɡ
κһ߷Żһ˫۾ȴڹۿܣĵǣʹķƽͷһؼļһأҲ޺ˡ
˼Цڹſڵʱͱˣҽȥû˵ǽȥ
˵Ҫȥкңһᱻ¡
κһĭɵýȻʹһĽ䱸ɭϡ
˼Ҳ֪κΪ۶ǵ֪ǴδûټģûнʹҲΪ档
СС֪ﶼһοǵ۶ǡ
˻ʹ˼ĴѰν֤ݣڻʹЩѭͬڴ롣
ΪʹеĹŮˡ۵ȵȣЩ˵һǳص˿ڣҪһһʣһһĲ飬ðԼĵҲͽһԼģȹ˽죬ҪΪϵˡ
ԣ˼ֱȥһϣûϴвҡ
Ҫȥϣҡ
ĲΪѣңٽ㡣
ãֻˡ
κһѶͷϵĺһ
Ҫ֪֥٣ҪϵдۣȻǻᱻ·ϵ
ûлɲôȥ
ʹ԰ڣʺǵĺӣڴͻ
ѵýϰϰ˼ȣҪƽʱ˵ʲôҲ档
ϣ
ôˣ޾ֻ֪ҪǸйϵˣԲܲܡ
ǻǼǲ
ܹ̽
ȥ˽޻һЩʶ¶
˵ˣһֽʲô۵ģźܷ㡣
ԼţҲʡ˽֮
˼԰ʱ򣬻ɱԼĻʶֻⱧ˾͸ڱһһԵʮִ塣
˼ǰŻʺһŵöĿɿڴ
ɩʹãƽʱǰǰӾУ˽ͲҪˡ
ǲһһ£ػҲ֪ˡ
˼һʯ¡
ϽеĻʶݸʺ󣬱˳˼Ķ档
ŮǸˮ˼һ˵ϣ¶µýδЩ
˼ϲ˵ɴ࿪żɽ
ЦôҲȷΣڸ˶ԼĸԸ޻ûа취
ò˭ѵʶˣ
˼е£ֻǴûô򵥡
ϳһԵĲܹʹ˸ɫܹæǰʵʹˣھͰȫ
ˣȥʵϵõ˽
ǡ
ܹҪ뿪һŲĹŮܵʲôţŵýˡ
ʺŭһӣĶֱӽеĻʶſޡ
ʲôģûӡ
ʺˡū澲ǹģֻǡ
ʵʶ
˼ڻʺǰ˵ʺƬ̣֮»õĻɩٴ
㻰أʲô㶣
غūʵסһ䣬飬ū澵֪һЩֻū澲˵
ȨƵ˶ǰ˭㲻˵ġ
ʺڹзʩϰˣʲôǰ档
˼еΣתͷʺ˵ʺɤſɲȷǲĶСʰɣ
ɩʣʶȥ𴦡
ʺɫһ죬æ˽Լ̧ߡ
ŮһʺԶˣֿһƽ׽˵ĳ˼Լ֪ȫ˵
ʵϣ˼ǱȻʺͻϼҪµŮˡ
ġ
-

405 

ݹŮ˵ĵòʵ빬һз־ϵСʱܿڹеؽ˽ᡣ
Ҫ֪ڹֻҪǸɻģǾԲŮ֮ڵġ
ʵ뷽Ǽù⣬˺˼ꡣ
ֱǰϣҲĽ졣
ʵһŮϵǳȥʣʵĳ˴ֲ
ǸŮ˵Լ뷽ʶ꣬ʵ뷽ʶʱ䲻̶꣬Ҳ˵ͬʱŮĹϵ
Ů֪󶼺ܷŭʵⳡĸ˳ԭǸŮѾ뷽˺ӡ
ȥʵϴ档
ʵϵõĹŮȰʵҪģ֪ԷΪǷʱҲɵۡ
ԭһĴֹܲŮʵϵõŮҲͷĳֹϵ
ʵȥҷۡ
һŭ֮¾ͰѲʵˣȻ󶪵־ϢԺӣ˵ͷΪǣһ
ʵǻл㱣֪Լܵһк֮±һ־ĵˡ
ʱĸոմŷѾΪ˵á
ԭ;ĹȥΣǰ˺ʵ־˵ʵĲûˣȥ˷
Ҳ֪˵ʲôĻʱͷģҲЩ񲣬ϲʵɱģڲʵ¶Ҳǰ־Ĺʧˣ˵¶һϵûС
ʵܺˣĻȴң⡣
깬Ů˼Ͷųŷ͡
û뵽޵Ļʹлۻֺ飬ˣȥǷ޴Ҫʲô
Ϸŭ˭ҲȰˡ
ȥзˣŮŵĴ˼Źκϸڣʵôˣ
ҡ
Ů֨֨˰˵ǷϲռŮЬӣÿŮЬ϶иԵ֣ҵЬ˵ҪһطЪϢһֻЬӳϣҪȥܵصȻ͸˵ڹк־˻졣ңкܶ๬Ůˡ
˵꣬Ůֱӿ޺·ڻѾõܵõͷţǽҲǽ
˼ҭþ·ʲôֻеǷˡ
ܿ죬ͱ־Ѻ˻ϵǰһͬļ־ҲѺţԴˣ˼бĿ
־ڹУһ굽ͷмڣÿһֶˣ֪ͷˣȻ룬˵¸ǻûϵ
˼һʵ˭Ƿ
ѹŵ־ˣֻʣһݿʣ־˹ԭء
Ȼǳ˧ˣҪȻôֻ̤
ϣ¶ȫڷ˻Ƿ˰ɣһǽ־ԼеĹŮأÿϢһɻؼһһıܼ١
ţǸˣܹ޿ͣԺͰ˵Ĳ
ǣϡ
ܹٴ뿪
ڵϵһ־ų˼ǿͷǸл
˼һӡȥɣϻлҪʷ
ɢȥ˵أֻʣ»ϡ˼ԼѺŹڵϵķ
֪
֪
Ľͷڵϣ̧
˼һۻϣʵΪĻΪ㶥
ҵǹеĲȨ󳼣裬õͷŻǲҶҾ޶ʧҿûɱʵɱ޹ء
𣿿ǲʵԴӱ㱳֮󣬾ѾɱˡҲɱ㣬ΪˣʵҲ
˵ţ˼ֿһۻϡ
ϾϲӣɲԽǡ
ŭδ˵ȥˣԺС̫ܹ̰࣬ܽɣ
̫࣬⡭ϣҵǷ裬Ĳ󳼰Ϊô꣬Ԫϣ˶Դĺ𣿻ϡ
˵Ҫ̫࣬˶ˣڵϿ޿û˵ӡ
Ͽɲʲô󳼣һǮģԽԽٵģҪкľ޴˰գ󳼷ˡ
ȥˡ
ϵĻɡ
ѺȥһߺУһ˲ǻϣǺ
˼ҵţµŮˡ
Ҫɱ˰ɣӾȻֱɩ䡣
ˣ̫ͦá
˼һȻ¶鷳ջŪһС
ϣҿ԰˽ӻؼ˰ɣ
Ȼԡ
ЦЦʵ߷߲ѣԼϽĻʹȻһӳţҪǴȥҪΪ˵Цˡ
ǣһڻϵɡ
-

406 Ա

˼뿪ʹ󣬻һʥּ
˿̣ҳһࡣ
ֻһͷ׵ͷ̱ĿաҪҷҰ
үôǹƹܲģǵĶӾҪ̫ˣҲܹܡ
ʱһ޵ĸһ·ܵ
跴Ӧ󣬽еʥּŮˡĺöӣ򿴣ѹŮ˺ŭ˻ϣڻժҵɴñʲôˣʲô
һа취ǵĶôԳΪ̫࣬Բԡ
˿ԽԽ
۾Ҳ⺮£ǸȴҷҼŮˣһŹ
ү¶ݺ˵Ⱦȶѽ
ӾȲˣȥɣܱ˺á
ж෿С檶Ůڶ࣬ѹ̵ܽľⷽһлȫʧȻе󣬲Ҳˡ
ҿЩ˲ٲƣֻǰĹ٣ûгļңЩǮˣ֮ɽģˮ˱ͷҪ
ҵš
ݵĳ
ŵӿҵ˵ĳ˼͵ش˼磬һԵĺ״æǰʵǲǸȾ˷纮㻹ǻȥЪţ߱㿴š
û¶Ǵ򼸸硣
˼ҲƣҪǸðˣԼһʱ֪֢״Ī
ҡҡͷ˼ֵĵνֻðŰɵĽ»ˡ
ԼĪʱ󣬿ų˺߷Ŀװ꣬˼ЦˡţʮĲ
ﻰЩʮӦġ
ʮҲվڳ˼߿Ĳѡ
˼ͰѾˮ֭ȫڵ⣬ڽС
ڵûΧǽȫΪأԣ˼ʱǲţȶͲùķʽī˹Ӧ⣬ˮ֭ȵضĳʱ䣬ֱЪҵû˻ԭĲأôӼû˿Ҳ£ΪȫΡ
˭Ҫǰ͵ˣֻ˵û֮Сʽʽܶ಻Ҫ顣
ͶߡۺߣߣЩҪֽţȵ캣ѡ
ܵǹƥĴԼ󽫾ĸۡ
˼˼Ƭ̣ͽ֪ˡ
صʱ˼̱ˣǵյĿҵ⡣
ƺļ򡰷˵Ϻͻʺջ𣿡
дһţǸҲ
㲻в˰ɣ
˼ŵȻܾԼķվֲõġ
Ȼȴһ㶼⡣
˵֤в
˼̾һҲϣϺͻʺҪ롣
һҹߣڶ˼濪ۣͿһŷŴĿ㡭ôҿжˣ
ҲǸ˵λ
˵ʲôˡ
˼еţһЩҸߺȫ˳Ͳˡ
˵˾Ǳ
ааһЦų˼Ķͷһġ
ƭӣ
˼ŭһûԺκò˵ǽһԵĴŵ۴ޡ
˼Դ˰ûڼˣæ𴳶ͣذο˺òá
ö˵ĻһĿޣֱˣֹͣ˯ȥ
괳˼̧ͷһ۴գʱˣͽС䣬չˡ
ϴϣ緹˼뺮ҪȥǽĵӣʱһնյӰ˳˼ߡ
ͥҲҪȥڼ쳤Ģˡ
˼һۺͷ㡰ȥɣҲʶ
ǺðɣиҪȥ˲ҪܣҪ뿪߷Χ
˼֪뵽ӣȺνɥҪǽıͥȥǾҲҪץ
֪ˡ
ͥЦģС۾˶Խһе
һӣΧԼˣһҲûС
Ϊˣ˼ļ١
Ҫ۽ߺһȦ
ãŰɣ˾ˡ
г
˼ϾصţԼһԼľˮ֭
ͥȣȴǱ˼ǳһͨ
СһҪޣ˼æһλīӵܣΪͥһۺĵ⡣
԰ɣ㣬ֻ֭ҵоƣСܺȡȥٵһ£õʺСԼȾƵ˺ȡ
ţ֪ˡ
ͥ˵ͷɵģٲȻһǹԵĹԱ
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407 ȭ

ֵһȺܵͬʱŹټҶص
ϡʺݵ

ܹλڶףʺһ֮ͬУԽ־ͬУ֮İգνƺƴ
˼ȥȫǵİհɣ
ģ⻹ͷһؼݣӣòֱǹ񹤰
ɲզΣʺò绨ŮӶҪƯ
ιСϺͻʺ˵ġ
Ѿ˼ӵļտʼ۷׷ף˼ҲΪЩһ亹
Ρ
ֺܹһɤӣͣǰ״
ʺЯаյĿ֮£˳˼뺮ߡ
ܹȻοҵ˾ǣԺѾ˰̨ʡ
λǺĵӿҵӣϺͻʺˣΪףˣҲҪš
䣬Ļ
ΪϺͻʺڴ˶û뵽ֻ˼ͺʺ˼䣬عˡ
˼һЦʮ׼ˮ֭͵С
λҲƷֻ⣬˰ѱعȥܡ
ˣҲٴѡ
ⶼ⡣
˼һԵĺ
ֻЦЦû˵ɴȻ˵һУЩڶǺƵġ
˼ʱԼ˵ϼˣǰ˼˵ҽֻԺȣȫۡ
ۡҩɴˣ϶Ҳ˰ɣҪǰ۵ĻǶ٣
Ѳ̲ס˵
˼˳ǣҩһ㲻ɷϣǣиǿҩȻһʼˣǺ˶ۼƵļ۸˼ͼЧҩʵһġ
ֻЩ˰ţǼⲻ룬˼ǣϾʡԼùӵͨա
ģͨЩ۾͸ˣһﻹѵġ
˼˵꣬û˿
ϰǷӵգ۹Ͱλռˡ
Щûλӵˣ˼Ϊ˷ֹͻûٴסڡ
˵ҲΪе˾ϲƷζһʱпܣܸܲߡ
ԭȵľͼȣԸĵȣӿִ֧ߡ´ι˵ʱ򣬴Ӽ
˼»
һʼʲôǴֱһűֽŵĵ⣬Լжűɫľˮ֭˲׹Ǵõ˼
ĶʲôЩŮһ̻ʵӣҾ
ʱһũģŮ˴յ˳˼ߡ
˼һ룬ũʢһ˵㶹ۣ״οҵѵģԳԿζҪǺã´δ
˼̬ũжУӹ˼һ߰һ˵ǸŮӣҽ߳Ҳ
˼Ƴũȹϳ˶ദһƼӣɵʵǲǼЩù˵һܸҸ¡
ҽҹģеЩҳòÿҪҡ
ũ˵־ɥĳ˼ҲҪ
˼ʱҲֵ𣿿ʱͨ
˼ɨһܣƼȱϴʰо֣ũ˵ɨɣһ¸ӣΣ
𣿡
ũе
˼æסũ˵˵ϻҲԵ֣Ҳҵİģһߺ˶֪ˣҪıȿ˻࣬ҪˣԣҪС
ˡ
ũҲסĿڣȥ̫ط˼Ҳ˹ˣ̫Ҫ
òҵһݸнɲˡ
Уȥһ٣ȻͰŴɨ
˼ũĴѰͥӰ
ⲻãһһ
֪ͥʲôʱѾһˮ֭˿̣ƾˣͷתķֲ嶫أ
˼ҪǰСӣȴһס˼˵ţͥĺܣ͸һģˮ˻û¶ġ
û¶㿴ʲôˡ
˼߹ȥסͥС־
Ҫظ𣿡
ţīѾˣҲûҪǿˣٴҶҪɹˡ
˼˵ЩʵǽڣֻͥͻؼңٸһѾ
˳˼ߣͥſںϺ˯С˵ģȻһ̶ȡ
˿̣ԶڻʹеĻʺϣҲһ־磬ǲ˫˫ȭ
ܹվһԴ조ˣ˸߻Ϻͻʺ֭оƣ˺Ź֡
-

408 δС

үźڳǽһӣõǳصҲҪ򡣡
ҵĶһ߸ȷ磬һ߽
۾ݵĿ⡰ŮˣҲܷŹ
ڷԸ˼ķ֮ʱ˴δ
үʧѪ࣬ˡ
Ͽ޺УµѾ޵ֲĳ̶ȡ
һ٣һѪӴ˳æΪáүŭģ๼˭蹬Ůﺮģá
áߡҵĶӣҵĵӣ㲻һС檣ʲôʱֵָֻˡ
һ߷ϡ
ŵɫҰףоʹ˫һ˹ȥ
һƬѪУת
ûѧ书һžͰԼĶߵѪæ֮£˳פеС
пǵڵϵϣӲɳүϲϸȷģѾûˡ
ϲ
·ЦЦվԭػλãҲ˹ȥ
ȵ磬Ȼȴ硣
һǷĴӷ׼̫ʱ򣬹ˣڶǷĶϣʧȥӣ벻ϵɱ
ڽķңͬһˡ
֪һк˲䶼·˼ʮ꣬ݵĶĳһݶļƻҲɡ
˼չƵͥͰѷҷһи֪
ⷽǵù͸˰ɣ
˼ЩϧЦ÷ҵе
ǵùùģֻǷˮ
˼ǣᱨҡ
š
ͷ㡣
˼վ˼Ƭ˵ȥĵļ˽ӵСסһʱ䣬ڷҵˣֻҪһжұٱ֮
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ڽӵϣҲʷһԼγ˲ͬ
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ͥԣֻҪ㲻ȾƣԺͲˡ
˼ǰοͥ
ͥƫƫͳһף뿴һͥԼϷأһƭǶԶǺ壬Ƕֳŵġ
ܿ죬ͥ㿪ĵǹȥˣһ𾪵ĺԭء
˼ȥ˳ʣµˮ֭ͥ
һ뵽ԷС̲סҪӵӪĶ
һʱˮڳ˼ɡ
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˼⻰Щͥˡ
һѾСӰ
ⲻǾƣȻҲȣ
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ͥһĭں˼Ŀ£˵һ
ţúȣйԳԡ
ϲͺá
˵գ˼һݸ
һڣģټζԼˮĹ㣬Щζһζٵõ˴ͷš
ϲָоϲԼλܵ
ͷ𽥵䣬˼һ¶Ǻ󣬳һڽͥдëֵĺȥʲô³
ôʲô
϶
˼˵Ĳ٣ܿ죬ͰͶͥϡ
ͥһ˵ʮˣϷɵĳ˼޷֮⣬Ķѡ
λСүţʱǳԵθķˡ
»˼뿪¥ųķȥ
˳䣬˼ʨͷţûˣԸСȥ
˼òĲˣȫãСȻδ顣
˼úǹ죬С´У
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409 ûԵ

ˣȻһѹĲˣͥԹġ
ȲС䣬˼ͷԸǽ˶˵¥ֽ˱ҡ
˳ŷͥһˣʡСأ
ǰѾͷƽʱԷ׼ʱôĥĥ䡣
ںҲ̲ס²۵ʱ
ϵĿͻȻ˵ϣ˲ܿƵ˹ȥ
˼ۼֿ죬æסӣʹñҲˤ
ңôˣ
Ŀڸղźֺۣˡ
ứ˼ͷҲһ
СȥôòԷҲˣʮʮȥѰС䡣
ʱʮʮˣȴС䡣
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ʮһ鲼ϵݵ˳˼ֱߡ
˼ӹϣȭͷ͵߬С·Ҵ·һӣ׼Ǹ°ˡ
ȥ飬ҲҪ˸ҵҵڱСֱɱˣҺͺ
ǡ
˽ӵʧҹ
˼ͥ˼ԷԼ뺮һ
ʱеѾߡȫڹܼҵټ
˼첻·ǲ֪ÿ춼˽򲹸ǳԵķһһ⡣
˵ҺͺΣ
˼վ֮Ӹµʵ
Ҳǳ˼һ˲ƵĿǺ˵мСģֱӿˡ
ūͬˡ
ǰõӡ

п佱ġ޵ĻгĬͷġ
࣬˼ûԼĴ𰸣ʧ
СҴһ·֤ǵĹϵѾԽ˽ãˣһǸ°ˣʱΣաôѾߣ˭°ƫƫ°Сһˣɴ˵ԷǴԸҵġڣֻ·°Ҳֻһ벻ףԷ֪Ҵʲô·
ܼҡ
˼ܼҡ
ܼһĭˡͬˣ¹಻˵ԵĺãҲãǸͽ˵ľˡ㡣
ܼҵĻ˰Σ޻Ӧ
ûӣȰο˼г⡣
˼ȴһҧУ˺ôͽ
һλᣬվϣֻһĺܲҡ
˼Ļħһ̽˵ļ䣬ʱһݺѾ˳
ҡҺʲô·Ҿ˵ˡ
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ѾѸٴͷ
Ѿߵľ֮ɫڳ˼УĿЦ
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˼Ѿߵ°ͣѾһĭµֻһ
ߣһˣҾֵһ𣿲¸ǣС䣬СҳѾߣʲ˵Ҳмʮƽ𣬲õģҲ͵ģǿҵ죬ҸģΪ⡣˶СĻԵûУں¾ˣҲȱһ
ԣ㻹Ϊ̰ǮԳӰɣ
˼ѹü͡
Ѿ߱ޣҲʶأͣسų˼ͷġ
˼ЦŷѾߡҸղ˵ˣҴˣ˻ĺܲҡ
ūѾˣѵҪɱ𣿡
Ѿ߰еĿ˼
˼һЦŵڳÿһ˻ֱ¡
ǵġ
䣬ֻһѾѾ˵ϡ
˵һûпѾߵĲӱѾˡ
³վˣҹܼҽǮھߡ˲Լ뿪ȥĵطѾߡ
˼ȻĿˡ
һж˼ͻȻеϲ˻ֵεġ
ôһɱкҲԶŵġ
ǲߣѾӦãǲ£ֻں׬¹á
ԣҲҪҪߣ뿪ȥԵĵطȥͷɰȫ

ܺãҶɢȥɣ
䣬˸뿪ڵǸѾ͸˵Ѿߣ˼ʲôҲƵģ߿
˲һѾߵıҪǼгʮˣɱ˰ɣʡ˷ˡ
֪ôղҪסˡ
ڻҪһұңҾͰǧˡ
˵գŵˡ
˸˵Ǿ˵һˡ
һˣű
㿪Цġ
˼ǰסĸ첲ص¥ʱҿ޸ͣͥһԳ䵱ůвʱİο
-

410 ת

ô˱ң
Сǲǳˡ
˫ӷףٲȻѾá
˼֪˵ʲôױСϵ׽ãԽģܸӦԷһ¶
£һҵСġ
һ䲻˼Ը˵Ҳ˵ϣСţҪκʧ
ȻҪ˺С˴ʧ
ʱʮʮӵٴι
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ûУ۶ǶˣʹҲڻϵ·һ飬δСӰ
ʮҲǽ
˲֪С仹б֮Ĺϵȴ˼
Ҳ˹ϵѪŨˮ
ˣʮȥһ˷
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Ѿˣ˾ûҵֻ˵һ°СˣҪôСɱˣҪôС
ڼҺúչ˴ͥҵ˽£һ˴
ǺãСĲǡ
˵գֿʮʮҪһͷǵͷ
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ĿԼȥĴֽĵǣҶϵˣĺýãܺá
ˡ
кηԸ
գۼ䣬һźµİںǰ
ааһЦһ°СˣȫҲһڡ
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ȥ֮ķ֮İ
ĩˣдһȥʹʱĻʺ˯£ܹͷźţֲҵ飬ֻӲͷƤŰ塣
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ܹô㣬к²ܵȵ죬Ҫҹﾪʺ󡣡
Ȼ֪ʲô飬òܹðŵľǴ¡
дһŸϣܼӡ
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ʶأæòܹ޹
ܹһоա
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ȥ֪޵Ļ壬˵־ȥѰС䡣
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ܹתȥܵıӻ죬ϣһӶ飬Ժ˵ЩС̫ܳΪЩ˲෹̸Ҳ˵
ʺһǷɻĿϡʲôѽҪ־¡
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С䣬ҼǵˣΣͦһŮû뵽ͦɱ˸Ūˡûˣ֪Ǿһˡ
ǰԸС䲻Ҫ££ҲѲ˸ϵ
ϣôͺ㳶Ϲϵأ
ʺе£ûϵԶȫϡ
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ް˹٣һֱ顣ÿ꺮˰գһֽţһЩǮȥΪԼãҲһֻ۱һֻۡԪϣֻǰĹ٣˭뵽һĶӷѹŮ޵Ļʹ޾̫࣬ĳʧѪˡͬʱлһ飬Ķϱˣ˸еĺӣҲɱˡһ£һˣ˭˭ԣпɱˡ
˻ϵĻʺҲһļƤ
ҪˣͲӦðĹ٣ųն
ǰϣҪ޻ȥͻɩǸ̫
˾˲ܹĴţһҹû˯˼ȫ۷ˡ
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ڰڹײģһǷġһǶϵġڵֻг˸첲̵Ĺײģװδ͵ĺӡ
һĻ˼̲ס鶯ǡ
˶ˣֺιʽĸӷ룬治֪ںᣬڹҡ
˵°˹󸮵ѾС䣬ôܣ
ڵϵķݺᣬһģ
ʵкȻѣȥֻץһѾߣǺѰ˼ţȼ˵Ϊ󣬱ȥ˽Ắ˭ϷԵת䡣
ôܣڷүУҲ͸۸ôһƵǻϡ
˼ס֣ҲȷСǷץģϾû֤ݣûѵˣĵȷⷽΪ
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411 

Ļ밵˼⻰ÿһͬ˲Ӭһҭǵ˵ЦɣƵԭѾڡ
㲻Ҫ̫ҼһˣѲɣ㻹һģԭûЩ䷢ǺƭСӵ
ȻĿ˼˼УԭӶˡ
˼֪Щػ֮ƣԷҪץС䣬˵ⷬ
ǸϺ꣬˼Ƭ̺ͣ˹֮ϵˡ
ҿǲܣүǡֻǲ֪ǰŵĶʲô˰
ҵĴˡˡķˣԼӺŮҪΣ
Ʋ˼ʵҲڲ³˼һô
ֻû뵽ǣ˼һֱһ·Ƶˡ
ãˣүļҾСסһӣҵС䣬ٰЩͻСˣǾһɱһүļҾɣ
˼䡣
Ͱ֣赱ôĲ󳼣Ҳӣŷλһŭ𡰻
ৡ
ʯ֮䣬Ѿƺ˼ˡ
ǧñһʱƥǿأ
ôĿҲͺһˣѲɻҪٸץ˲ɣˣҲ㣬սԭҵʧɱ㣬ԭͻ˵ǶǴһ
˼㻹ɱңⲻĿİɣ
˼ǴֻʱϲԼĿǰ
費ͣΪԽԽڣһӣǷӵϡ
ú
ɲǼ䣬˼˽ΧסİҪ˵˼ΨƿذΧ
һս˼ֺˣȻ緽ˣתһ룬֮ôİ϶ҲѪ
Ϊ֮ǰְǻʹĲ󳼣ʹ֮Ҳ˵֮ƣȫϺţ泶ӬʲôģһʱҪʱһãǾһʿɹ۵ĲƸ
ԣһ˵ôİԼĲƲűȻϵ
ߡɱŮˣΪҶ𡣡
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ߣȿš
ҲߣҲҿûô顣
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ҪĻٸÿһ¼һɱŮˣ졣
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ֱǸصĵغ˲ʶǸָİˡ
üĵλãһ϶СѪⲻͣѪ
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䣡䣡
˵źѹãڷҳ˱˶ҪҪǣһܹԾȣѾǵ֪ڵˣź߽ܿ⡣
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ٴιĶĶˡ
˼֪ΪΪʳԽԽܷƣǵĿ˼ȴΪʶʱΪܣ㲻ţֻлŲ׬ǮܻǮ
ֻϧĳЩ˾ûľ
ðɣˣǾȥɣ
˼һͣһָ״һһߵȺм䣬׼ҵİһͨ
쳹۶ǣںĺҲ󣬼˴
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ɢȡ֮ǽԼŨѪζ
˼ϧĿһ۷ǰһصİЦүʣأҪҪһ¡
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412 

ôܣƾһССɱؽİ⡭
Ŀ࣬һűŵİʬÿ˶Ѿû֮˫һֱ̱ڵء
檶Ůǣ׷׳ų˼ݿͷܹˡԼ
˼ûٴ裬ΪԷһ̡
˵˵С䵽ڲǷڿʼֻҪ˵ҪĴ𰸣Ƿ֮һɱҲǵү
˵ţ˼ζĿһķ衣
⻰һͬʱްû֮⣬ǧã򲻸Һˡ
ѻʯ̾һ˲ϵ۾·Ѿ׼
֪ҵڵУѾˡ
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˼õ飬һӾ͵˹ȵס
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˸Ҵ
˼˫Ŀɺĵŷһף˲ҵصתһ°λӣǽϵĹŻӦǽڴһΪһš
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˼˫ֽգҽȥΪСҪˣⱲӶԭԼ
ܿ죬ļ˾ͰѻѪС̧
·ȫ˿ڵϤķ١ЬӡϵˮÿһϤġ
˼һһ߽С䣬ÿһ·Ǧһ㣬ȻֻǼ׵ľ룬˼һ꣬㡣
֮ľ벻ľ룬֮ľңԶ
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˵Щʲô˼һ˹ȥ򵥵Ļһ˵׺־Ӱ彣ֱָ衰裬ǷҾʹ˸ɣ˵ˣӦ䣬˵ÿһ仰ÿһϵվá
䣬־ȫ˽ǽԼļŰΧ͵־ӵһ仰Ȼˡ
ʱļˣſ㲻˵ŹǷ𣿡
֮ǰҵѾСˣ֮ǰ˵Ĳ
˼һһٵ
ֻһѾ߶ѣ㲻˵㡭
ѾôˣѾҲˣŶˣĸ˵Ķѽ
˼˲۽ǣȻЦˣЦ紺յĳϼա
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ʶɱס
ȻΪһѾɱҵףǷģǷġ
ǸС檰ˡ
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УҿԷŹ㣬һͷļ˱
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ͫ͵һһѪڶҵĶӣҵŮԲǡǡ
ۿŷҪٽأ˼ͬһ˷ǰȻڶ˵ͻȻָıˣҪֽŽȻصÿٷţţҧԾһͷ
˼Ļһᴩ˷࣬ǱҪµĳͷ
㵱㿴ȻҲӵĶƵóѡ
վһ书ûеģڽӵʱ򣬳˼һƿԷĲ
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ɫİ˵ǰʲôҪԸģ˵
ȥ
ǡ
һȥฮ
־ֵĿһ۳˼ʵǶ࣬׷ɢȥعˡ
ʱɫص˷
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413 С仹û

С䡭
ֻһС֣˶ЩˣСһޡӦȢģû˸ץˣңҡ
˼ûʲô˵ģվܻĽķװҩռ䡣
뵹һǲ˰ɱİˣһʬ˵ʧʧ
ʱСӷ˳Щľګڿ˼ֻ˵һ仰
о仰һֱ˵ʱҪ̫㣬СãǵСȣʲôҲǡҲһģӦûʲôźˡ
ǵӰнԶ˼һֱվţվ峿ĵһͨǰķ˿յ۾У˼֪µһֿʼˡ
˼תķԵİ˵˰ɣ
ǡ
ڣһޣûл
׼Сտ˼С䣬߽ȴǱҡ
ҿ۾Сǲǳˡ
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δȱҽӹŸ˴ƿ
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СȥһԶܰû˴ŵĵط
Сˡ
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ܲܰңҵķʽΪС䱨𣬳Һʮû˸ʺΪСѪгˡ
á
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Ҷˣ벻
ʺҲûæΪһ顣
ʱʥּ˺ܹʥּ󣬳˼޳ˣҲſ޵С䣬϶Ϊ̫ƽˣҪǻҾ̫ƽˡ
ܹ̾һʥּ˳˼ϣ밲ο䣬ͮ˽
С仹ûҪˣֻܰôࡣ
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414 û

Сû֪ûҵС
˼Ѿ߲˵İο
ͮۼԼ˼⣬һѪŮˣͺȥ˿û뵽С䡣ʱС˿˼״̬濴ױҵҵ뷨Сʱ˹
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Էȥ»ȡ
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СûпޣֻǲͣسЦ
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á
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źСͬãҹǱǣҽܼ֮㣬ԴСʲôҲˣҪҺ˵׼СѾõ˾Ρ
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Щȴѿ
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˼±˵ҽ߹ԼΪҽ׶Ǿˡ

˼Ĵ峿ɽȪġ
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ͮһİ
ΣֻܷСȥɣ
ͮƿţŵʱ򣬻һ
˼žС䣬ɵôߴٵ㡣
ˣɱҡ
ͮһŵڶת
ȻһΣеĲʳѾ¸ɾˣܻеͷΣҲһգ۵Ĺͻָ
С䰲̨ϣΪȫ󣬳˼㿪ʼϵķ
һҹฮһҹûкۡ
ΪģΪ涼Ůˡ
ܿ죬Сûڱ˼εϢ˹УʺڳһǺɤ˺þòŻ
ܹ˼˵С䱻ͮˣ޵Ļɩȥȵģ˾СѾҹˣ
ǡ
ܹЩΣ֮ǰʥּӷС䣬һתСͻˡ
ҹС˶ˣ
ʺûӷ⹫飬ǵСİΣ
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415 

ǰ޵ĻɩȻҲп۵ʱҵʱǴһɡ
ϵ鲻ΪС飬ĻɩҲ£õתûҪȥЩĵˡ
ϣɩӣĹȣƾҽôܾȲһ֮ˡ
ȷȻҲܼС䡣
һα˼ҽ۷
תһ룬뵽ͮ
ʺͮˢӵģٽеŮ̫ҽΣ
ףͮɩһҲΪѧҽɩҽһϣ֮гԽԽˣʲôռˣ˻ô֮˻ô룬ߣǾסڵ۶ǣиһʥּˡ㲻˳ᷳ
ǻʺ͸
϶յһڲ衣
վһԵĲܹһֻӬǹʵϣʺūһ仰֪
ɣˡ
ãʲôν
ܹһĭ˵СȻûǼӷ̫ƽ顭
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ϵһòܹһ
С춨ԼͳΣڵڶã££˺͵£˺
Сһڹ֮λѾǻϵã֮УλҲǽڻʺ
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Ĳܹٲ£Ϊȥ˵ɱͷ
ϳƬ̣˵޼ǵںλһլԺס˭֮ڰߣҪլԺĳ̫ƽ뺮˵˻ʱţá
ǡ
ܹյȥٰ¡
ܹߺ󣬻ʺЦϣһҿĵ顣
˿̣ฮڣ˼ƿͮһ˳
ʵڵһʱѾκС䣬棬ڸС顣
Ƥˣκˣ˼ûзŹ
ȷСû˺Ծҩռլһ죬ʱֻſ㲵ˡ
ģ۾ŨĺȦ

˼ǰסֱۡ
˼ȣƺʲô㰡ͻñģԺ
š
˼źֱฮ䡣
ҪȥʲôȴǱͮסȥСأڶûгɻ飬ڵС䲻ʺϼˡ
ͮĻһ죬ϸһҲô¡
ʲôʱܿ
󡣡
ͮһȷеʱ䣬·ȥԷ
˼УеۣҲû˾ͳԵʲôģڳ˾ֻԷ
˼ȥ䣬ʵȥฮһƫƧԺӣڴ˵¡
ڿʼˣһΪĺأ
Ҽ룬챻ЩѬգǲŹ֡
ѿһУԴһ㶼⡣
޷СͬãС޴ġ
˼˰֣һνӡ
ȴʱ߬˳˼󣬸ССԼļͥԼĺӣǵ֮ԽԽ籾ǻϣһС䡣С˵ǵġ֮ǰС䲻ĵѶУϾȲĶ֣˻ˣҲջʥּС俪һ˼ţ
Լҷһۣ˼˵
һСʲô˺飬ٽͻص
˽ûҲҪһ޶ȡ
СΪϵߣС˺ԼĺӡˣģСӻΪЩ޹ʹ
һ̣˼ҲĻ
̫еУʲôǸŲģһвǾˮ¶ѡ
ºС俵˼Ϊϵɴʱһ͹ȥСٴγǰ
СҲ֪ԼΪ̫ƽһʼܿܣֱĵȢСʱСҲЭˡ
֮նǰһѩ׷ɣ̫ƽŵƽʣҲһװ
˼̫ƽΪСױ硣
ڸСͷʱСס˳˼СԺźˣСǲᡣ
㶼ҪˣźʲôɱްĿ޻ױݡ
˼Ц
Сһ۽ǣһ˵С֪ϵĿģСҲִ֪磬֮СǲẦ뺮ģҲᣬһ죬˼ҺͽҲͷϵķͻȥȻʡ
ꡭСסĻԺҪ˵ֻܵĹûһУĽҡ
˼æסСͣû뵽Сôֻ࣬ҪǸʱ򣬳Ļ
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416 Ѿ

С飬ٹ죬ĵҲ֮ˮǴߡٴ󳼶죬ܹùϵ
˼ΪСӣǴСһ𳤴ĺýã͵￰֮
񵥵Ĳܹһдµ񵥣ʮƽ𡣡
һȺڡ
ǴֱʰҶŮѾˡ
ȥȥȥŮǶҪ˵Ѿߣⲻǰ˿˼𣿡
ǣҲһһȥһŮ߰͸Ѿߣģٵȸʮ꣬˵Ҳиʮƽ𡣡

첱Ӵ֣˼ЩֻһЦ
СЩ˵ŮȵСͬʹһ𳤴ĺýãǧ޼ۡ
ϻʺ޵
ʱһȺݡ
񣬽̫ƽ֮գ˵ʲôʲôԽԽãҪΪ޺ͻʺĵ˷Χ
ǣŻʺ󣬻ʺﱧҹûһģҲΨ̫ƽĴ֮ˡ
ţܹٴ񵥡ϣʺ⣬ףԸС⣬úϡ
źĶʮƽѾ൱ˣʺһͬǰ˵Ƕôص⣬˵ĵС˵ɲһݺ
Ϊܵõʺ飬ǴԼѰ˼Ī顣
츸ĸûмĴ棬ĳҽס˿ջȻٻ
ͬʱǵ뿪ҲΪϺͻʺλá
ʱĶѾˣʱҲˣܹ㿪ʼ˳ɻʽ
ɣڣ
ڡ
ڡ
СЯС
ϺͻʺŲܹ˵ͷܹθɤż˵һأݻϻʺ󣬷޽ݣ鷿
ǧĻףڽ첻òơ
ӦðݵĸȴԶԶվϯĳ˼һֱڹ۲ʺǲʱ
ٸһλᣬҿܻûջؼӷСΪ̫ƽʥּ
һԵĺüͷĵͰݡ
˼ӯӯһЦָС˵㿴С̫ƽĹ𣿡
⻰Ӷˡ⻰ɲ˵С䲻á
ҾǿЦ
˼źϯ䣬֮һģǳ˼ĵ绹ڻϺͻʺ󣬵˱ˡ
һ˳ԷȾƲŰȣĳ̶ֳ˵˼ϲĻϺͻʺ֪֮
·̫ƽɾûôϲˣ̫ƽ̫ƽ֪ϣ̫ƽСϡ뺮
ٷ˼Եǰٸнֻ뿪
ԺһܽС𣿡
֪ͥʱߵ˳˼ߡ
˼Էȥͷϵѩ˵ܣҪй
ŶȥСˡ
ͥ˵ͷȻ⣬ΪһСӴ˼˲˼顣
һͥ׷һЩ󳼵ĺӣ̫ƽҴܡ
˼е㵣ģñҶͥ
ѩԽԽ󣬳˼Ŵʹǰȥ
߻Ҫֻͥʱ˼ֿ
˼ߵʱ򣬽˱ҺͥտͥģҲһȺСһ
ߵʱ򻹲ߣǵ·Ϊѩ̶ʪ˺󣬳˼ֻܺģ˽ߡ
̫ƽͺĲԶҲһٶףĻѩ̫˼ֻ
ô͵һأ
Ӧ꣬ͬС
˼ͥСһѩʱ̫Ǳġ
Ϊˣ˼۲ѣɴͰԼůСַͥϣɢȥĺΡ
С˵벻ȥ̫ƽһ𣬻ʮҪҪ̫ƽ
ţʮȥĻʱ԰ˣ˾Ӧôһ𡣡
˼Ϻ޲ʵѾˡ
˱仯Ŀû뵽СһϹͼĳƽ⡣
ҲŲأʮҲģСС䣬ǣÿ˶Լ޵ֲǣ˵̫ƽ־Ͳ飬ָ׼ʲôè塣
飿
˼ʲôѾˡ
˼µӹͥȷҰȫµʱߡ
˼ָָ鷿ķ˵ͥȥ鷿һë֣û׼ˣܸѾơ
ŶǺðɣ
ͥ˾С죬е㲻Ը
νѾƣдֲãõһ˾ˣľͳˡ
û취ܲ
-

417 ȥ

ͥԶˣ˼סҵ֣ʸղŵ⡣
㷽˵̫ƽŲ飬ģ
ǧȷӦ֪Ｋطϱϣ̫ƽĲ¼ֶֻ˲һ޷óεĻϣ̫ƽĲܡ
⻰Լģ
˼ԾĿҡ
ҵ˵ͷţģ֮ǰʮ˵ˣʮ˵СϿǷޣֱºܸӡ
˼һЦѵСС͵ıңǸֻẰɱİ⿴͸
ҲӦǾ䵱Թ壬СǱͷԣԸףֻһ֮
һ۱ң˼һ⡰ҪǻҲ㵱˹뿪𣿡
ᣬΪҲ뵱ʲӹֲ׵ġ
ãЩûа㡣
ҵ̬˼ã
ϵʱ򣬺Žܿɹǣδֻϴ˵
ôˣɫƺе㲻أ
˼˯ĴŽСǺñӣᲽߵ˺ߡ
ʱ˴ɱֽ˼ˣʣµʮʮȥ׷ˡ
Ѳǻµ
ʲôأɱΪһѾ߾ͶԻϺҲ²⣬Ҳֻͨ⹫԰Լݣɱʲô鶼ͷϸǡǱѡĻϣҪű۹⡣ߴɱѾ壬ɹˡ
ɹôȥɱϣɱϿɱɱ׶ˡ
˼Ľ˽ȭͷ
һĿ˼ĻԺ˵ҪûˣññǺ󹬼ǧ𣿡

˼һǷȭļ
ƺһԣϵ˼ٲΪһЩСֻҪ˼ǣ̵ܹġ
ðɣҲܳɰɣ
˼ҲЩ飬˶еˡ
һҹ˼˯һȾЩҲˣԸһжܹԼ˵̻ల¡
磬̫ƽͣ˶Ϊд󳼵Ů
СͼԼķҴҵŶ롣
С䣬˿ˣӴһ¡
ˡǺǡ
Ǻ
ǵĻǾǵţһҪ˯һ
ԼķֱӽӸͷϣ뷢κζԷݣֻء
û취Ӳֻдˡ
󣬸Ҵ󳼵ǧС㣬׷дš
λˣ
һȺŮҲ֪ʲô
ʱһԳƻɵǧ˵࣬Ĳ̫ƽ
˻˯е㲻ҪλʲôתԸҡ
ߣǿЦһɽկԼˣǿҪˣǾֻܸˡ
ڻǧԱߵһǧǰò
⻰ҲС䲻ԭ򣬸Щû¶¶ˣô̬ȣŽύ˭أ
Ҳûаѹݷϣ޷ǻϵļıˣ֮ãǷ̡
ˣذɣ
Ϊһܸ࣬ģڳ֮ϱٹپһƷλĵǴĶ࣬ҪǾñٿȥǵĵ
˻һ˲š
СǧǸȾߣӴĻŵС䡣
С仹ˣǧѾ޼
С˴棬һŵĶյһڲ衣
˲ϲύʲôˣ׿ݣҾķˣķûʲôҲύʲôţԴһЩȥɣ˭뵱ȥͻ˵˿ڣͺͷ̫ƽ
ʵĺ͹ѵģʱ䲻ԣ
˵һ׻Ѹ뿪˹
ȵ˶˺СųĺһԭԼϲָоá
㰡Ը뺮ˣˡ
ЦãԭΪСңû뵽С仹ǹȥǸС䣬һѵÿɹΪϲС䡣
С亩һЦЩˣ˰ʢ
ͺСһʳûС
ҵѾǻԵĶüٱôоһӻص˲ŵѾǻ
С䶢ϵİࡢС˻һʳҲûС
㰡Ǻߵģ˵ķѾܺˡ
ͷȳ
СüͷӿһںϷ¡ܲ廨ġ
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ɻ
ҲԣζӦȥԶٷһҹ㶼ˡҪȥסɣûҡͥһҲʵģϳʱҾ͸Թһڼ
ǲɣȥסԣܲҲȥɣ˵ϾҪˡ
һԸ⣬Ҫȥš
Сȴޱȼᶨ뷨ͰغססɣҪǣ
-

418 

緹һͷзƷĳ˼ڽһ뵰ҤЪһЪϲ̵ܽ˳
СҪס
˵Сֻˡ
˼Щ
ҵ˵ͷֳͬϲõɫ
ԴС˺;һˣоֵֹģСһָоѸʧ
˼ϴ˰֣Լĺô£һ뿪˳
ʱ˼ƼСԼЩĴҿĵǣСסǸţЦԼҾͳɣȱľǷӣ빫Ҳȥʱȥ볣ססöû⡣
ǺãȻ˵ˣҾͲˡ
һ
ʱ˼һЩҪС˵ñҴĴιۣ˳ѡһԼϲԺӣԺСס¡
뿪ʣ³˼Сˡ
˼øѾԼĵ⣬ǼѼԼɵĵ⣬С˵һһ̻ʵĳ
˼ݹȥһ衰ģˣ
ǣСԵġȵġõĶѾϰˣȥ˱ĵطһһ춼ȥ
˼ӯӯһЦȻǶ˴벻˴ˡ
ԱС˲ǣָڹɡ㿴𣿡
ˡ
һ㶼𣿡
С䷭һۣƵˣûջسԭС䡣һʼһͦݣɻˣĵٷҲûãΪ췹
˵ţСһ죬޲Ҹطȥ
˼ûջسĸ֣һʹӽĴܵš
С䣬ûջؼӷǿּߣһֲǹˣĹŻ켷㡣Ϊ˺أͽһµˡϲǶ߶סǸûϳ⡣
һԹС䣬С仹ǰǸС䲻һЩ飬һڽһһж㡣
СίĿų˼
˼һ̲Ŵ󳹴ĵģĲ¼ԭǶģСĸģС˺Լˣôܣ
ϵķҲôˡ
˼һЦôЩԼԽԼİ취ܽٺ˵ҲҪݵһ㡣
Ҷˣ
СһЦҲǴãյ˼ߣԷͷ
һûͷС㡭
ɣھ㲻ԼҲҪԼˣԺЩ㰡͵ҵĺýþͳɣøɻȻ˿ˣӰ첻á
Ǻðɣ
С˴֣һ˫ͻȻ˼һӡ
˼ֱԵôˣ
ŮһҪҽҪкúæš
ڰֶûһƲˡ
˼һС
Сʹһ˵ȻŮܵƿҽֶ֮߳Ůһ˿õŮžһܳΪµŮӡкɺ书ѧڣҲΪһ쵱Ĵ
ۡ
˼һûסЦò˵Сɴ
ġ
֪ˣ㲻˵Ҳ˵ġ֮ҪŮҲҪŮܲʲôŮѧȥˣͳ²˶ûС
˼ֵһС䡣
СǴĳԻ߲ܣӹҧһڣеʯͷҲһ¡
ܿ죬СסϢ㴫˹С
۾СȻ֮ˡ
ϣҿ¶û򵥣Сɩ鼫ãһǲΪˡ
ʺĽеҹݸֱ֣ҹ뿪޹Щ飬һܹġ
ǻʺ˼ջؼӷʥּ޵ĻһԾŶ˲ãƱػ˳Ц
вͨĻβСٽУ̽һ浽˺ôĵز߲ʹ
ʺһ˻ϡ
ϵ˵ͷòܹȥС
ܹߵſڵʱ򣬻ֽס˶Էȥ
ܹߺ󣬻ʺԵĿϡΪʲôҪϣ
ʺͲˣºڷɱҹ
ͬʱ˼ü͵һһֲõĸоϮͷ
ôˣ
˼СԼʹüģҲǴ
-

419 ȡ

ʱ䣬һδĺǻˡ
֪СҪסʱֻ˵˻ӭ֣㽫ĿС䡣
С䣬汾һ鷿
š
Сں
Щģ˼еĿ̹Ȼ϶С˵һЩ飬㲻⣬ȳ԰ɣ
˼˻Եıҡͥſʼв˳Է
ҲһΪԼĲǵúģû뵽Ǳ顣
ֻǻʲôأһ߳һ߲£Ҳ֪ʲôˣ͡
һںķ־ȻǱ㡣
öص⿷ģһ㣬ŽĿӣһ㾪°͡
⺮סĴ󺣱𣿺üĺʶľͰװģˣҲԲѽ
ֲС䲻Ըסʳԭļֱ
˼һֱڹ۲ִ˳ԷЩнЦСԷȥһϰˣԵĸƵġ
εĿ˼ֳ˼Է˹ģֱ֡
ҺͥҲˣԴǵĺʻҪÿӣԵЩ̫ˡ
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ԷӦȻǶ˼ˡ
˼һЦ
еǷѶűǳ׵ʧ纮˵ǰ㣬ϲԷСˣҲҪŸıˡ
һߣȥ鷿С䣬ӹ˶Ĳһڡ
ͻȻصϣŵСЩյӵ
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˵ʱɫĺܽ
СԼԼòʲô£ʡϲҪҽɣ
뱾һ鳤ѾߣԴתҲȳ˿졣
Ŀ佱δСеģ෴ȴޱȵĳ
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ʵ˵Ҫ̽㣬޷ﵽҪɱ㡣
ɱҡɱңҲҪ֮ǰһ汳ġ
Сһֻȭ߬
С䣬Щʧ񣬹˺ðβŻ
СԸҲҲѹСЩʱ򣬿޵ΪС¾˷ҡ
ŨصĽ֮飬ܶв⣬ܹСһʱȴܲСһ
С뿴СǷ߱һ
ˣС䲻ܶһ棬·Ҳʮ񣬰ǣȢһӣʱգСҲɳΪһŮˡ
УûܱȹԼ
𣿱뷨
С䡣
Сԥȡͷϵķøӹһоǳ
ϸһַػأĩһťͷȴǿյġ
밴ȥС伱æֹɣ˼̻ԵĶҩкûкĽҩԶ˯С
⣬Ǳġ
ŷһɬ
ƫģôõĶһ
Сһ۱㿴˺С˼Ц书ǿŮӣС㲻ģģҪĪָһѣŷһֱϴ˵Ҫ߻𣬺пܰԼ
뵽ָСͲ
νָҪɱͰѻϸ
һฮķˣһϵ汳ĺ׬
ѪǶҪ˼ΣС䡣
ԣɱϡ

Сͷ㣬ûʲôģ˼ҶҪɱˣҪһ
С䣬˽֪𣿱ͬãϴβȥ޵˺ѷΣҪٳʲôӣģķҲġ
Сȷʵûô࣬ἰˣʼԥ
Ҫô죿
ָһŮ㡣
ааһЦܾСָԼ
СһѰ˼ҡͷУָ˵뷨ˣҪʲôµ飬ҾΪŰңҲñ˴ңҵ˵ҲҪߵһĽֵȥˣһʵˣмС
ˣʮʮ㡣ϲɱҪõʲôϢ㿴ʵ˵ȡΪǱߣȥ˵ھͽɣ
ҲָȥҪǸ֪ˣ֪γͷأ
СҲһ飬ҪǿΡ
֤֮һصġ
-

420 ˿

ûС뿪鷿еĲܹˡ
˼Ҳ֪˴£û⣬ŲܹСǻһЩ⣬ⲻ֪һ˽ƿȺ硣
ʼ˵ˣʮʮͬС䡣
ʮһӵɻ󶼻һ⣬ǵĿС䣬ȻԼúٽеѪʹòΪСİΣ롣
С䣬Ҫɱ㣬ô죿
һ
СȻǵú˵ĻɱϣҲֻǶԷ˺ԼĻϡ
Ҫǻأʲô
֣ʮüͷһšҪúһ
ɣϵĿľǵټҽһЩͺ飬ҪǽһѣôһΣһأ
СóʹʹԼйһжˡ
СһУʮֻǰ̾һ
ʱ˽Ǵһ״ֻܺһҺʮصɱǽǴ
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СжĿʮʵû뵽Ϊʮ飬ڰУ顢顢۵ĶΨһĸ鶼עڱˡ˵֮ϣ֮ܶһǲġ
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422 

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츸̾һ
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423 һλ

ձȨкôһ׬ǮҽڣϾԵƵˡ
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ϣʺʵе㲻ʣˣҲ޻˵ӽ쿪ʼҵҩ̽ԭʧҲκ⡣ҲύȨһɢүĸλĸҲύԼıȨǹٻؼҡϴһЩŵùˣЩ˵λãϻǶԭвǾǻϵˡ
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ߺ󣬻ʺļһ·ʲôԴһӱޱȡ
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426 ۺ

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ڴֶӣ˼ӯӯһЦȴǵó·粻סķۡ
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427 

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430 ʹ

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431 ı

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432 ֮

ҪɱֻһǺһǺǸ죬᲻ðƤĽ
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࣬ҿ԰ɱһǶԷûɣ־ʣµһǧһƽҪҡ
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ģֻк
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433 ʿܽ

ڳ˼Ҫ˵ֶӣû뼸ȥ
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434 ѹһ

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Ȼĵģȴ棬Сһߴø磬͸Сһ
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435 Ѿ߶

ֻøǵ̸Լƣûע⣬ǽĿⶨ˴֮ϵĳʳϡ
Ƭ̣ºػǹŸƿ
һʱ䣬Ŀԣ·ӷЩܳȵĻǳӷ壬֪õģƽĲĽԲ⼸СӴıŮôˡ
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436 Ѱ

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Ȼׯ̫£ڣ棬һ˺ƥ۾̹
ׯ棬һɶ׵壬˼ĶڵϿŻֹͮļʱֻǴʱҲǱԴΡ
óǻǳȥɣ
ٿ
˼һ´ǣվׯһȫˡ
ͬʱͮһģиڴˡ
⻰˼ڼˣķһֱ书òѧ˼Ȼȴһȥء
书Ǳѧˣֻڡ
˼ţʹóһǿֵ磬򿪿صɲǣǰȻһˡ
ͷչһ۾ͷƤ顣
˼񣬱ʾԼ̷࣬Ͼǵһκ˴򽻵
ģһ߱ʬƵʬҪ֣ȫǶ
-

437 ֵôǮ

ţ֪ˡ
˼۾ǰ˵ʬ޷ǽеһаŹֻҪʩչʬˣʬܳȥ
ʩչʬˣҲһڸȻʬҲ
˼ѸٽֵӸͮͮӹֵæȥ
ͬʱ˼֮аγһѳ˵ͳ˵ͷ­ȥ
˼벻ǣڽӴ˵ĲʱȻ˽֮ײܲ
˼ڵͮԴˣжš
һ󣬱˴ͷ­֮ˮԺ󣬻˵ÿһѪ֮У˿˲Էֺġ
Ҫô죿
˼һͨҿ۵ĹǺƫƫǰȻվ羢ɡ
ʱׯŸ˴ƿͮæϨֵ磬һþƣǺþư
һʱ䣬˼֮ͮС
ʲôҹܵׯвǷˣ
˴۾ǣһ䡰ҵıŶӷصظһ˵ͷմȥܵסȻҴ㣬ʵˡ
ǰˡ仰ڳ˼Ժлص˵һƺһж˵ˡ
֮ûйǣΪ˸ոջһڵӡ
״Լǰˣ
ߣ㲡Ҫ
˼ٶͳһֵ磬򿪺׼˲ԶһŽԷ۾ջļ϶˼ó׼˵Ĳһкü˹ȥ
ġ
ͮû뵽˼Ѵ֮Ͱ˵˸Ʒˡ
ڻ˵Щʱȥ
˼ͳӣӸͮ󣬱첽ߵǸǰ
ûʶôǲҲ
ʲôʲôǸ˾ûʲôˣ
ͮһ߰ˣһЦǺǵĿ˼
˼΢΢óһƿƾǰˣͳ˴˵ˡ
˵ҪˣҶĽ飬֪᲻
ڣɱ
ͮ˳ǣĵǣ˺ķѴѪƵģһѻˣͬɱ˶Է׽ˡ
һ뵽Լ书Ҫκβô죿
˼ȥͮͳĶ̵ҪھɱԾ󻼡
ɣдôлҪ
˼һˣôɱԼҷΪβ֮
ֻͮ÷Żض̵ʵͷˣΪ˭Ҳ֪ᷢʲô顣
һҹ˼ǰҹͮغҹ
ֱڶ죬շҲѵס
ǣͮ㳨ɤӴ󺰳˼֡
лҩռĳ˼͵һͮߡ
ڵϴһҪվȴǷԼֽŶš
˭ɵģҪ𣿡
ǣΪޣΪ⡣
˼̧һŲ˵ĸ첲ϡ
ʲôҴˡ
˵Żӡʲôζ
漴˵Ŀӳ˼ƿתͶҲࡣ
ȴһյֻʣ¹ͷˣڵϣлдϸ˿Щ˿Ƶеġ
㣬ҵıҪɱ㡣
˲֪ķ辱һͶˡ
˼ûһ˿µƽǮɱ뺮
Ǻ
˱һͣƼǰ˵·Ѱ˼Ҵġ
ֲ֤ʲô˼ƺ뵽һ㣬ʶóԼҷүơ
ߵļûн֮ϡ
Ϊ˴ܹ˳һЩԾͰѷЯ
˿ƺ˳˼ݡ
Ϊ֮£û˸ûʼҵƿЦⶼųնĴ
ŵòһΨΨŵŵСĸ뷨ǧƽҶûнϾҪԵģɱˡ
˴С̣˫֮ǽթ
˼ῴֻƽ϶ѡ
ʲôֵǧƽдҸƽȥɱࡣ
ɱ࣬ǿడ
ŵһ£ֱӹ˵ϡ
˼Ц಻ɱɱү㲻ɣ
ǶǷģЩӾ·ġ
˱ŵóһ亹˿ÿһ仰棬ֻû뵽ᷢչĵز
-

438 ж

˼Ҳˣ˾һСֻǣҲǼʵ̹
Ҹƽȥฮһѻ𡣡
ԡ
Ǽ˱һ㣬мĳų˼ͷ
˼֮УһóһżֵƽƱ
⻹ǰǮׯһǮһֱûжó
Ǯݸ˺󣬳˼ǲ³ҡ
СĶ֪ˡ
˿һƱһ۾ͿģǼٵģҲôϸ¡
Ҳϸճ˼ķԸȥΪΣֻҪ飬ӴˣȦӾͻȵ𣬽ʱûҵ
ۿ˳ŵ۶ǵķԶȥ˼һתͷͮ˵ȳԷٸ·
䣬˼ͮҩռ䡣
ΪʲôҪ·Ҫԭ򣬵һҪչˣÿ춼Ҫ˯緹󣬾ͻһֱ˯ϣϣ˼ͮͻͣ
ڵڶԭ٣ҲƲ
˭ò֪һϳô뿪۶ǵϢͻѸٴ
ϣԼĵﵣģ֮κλᡣ
극˯󣬳˼ͮ뿪ҩռ䡣
ٶϿʼͣĸ·ֻһҹӰЪϢҲЪˣܵĺܿ졣
Ǻķ˼ȴȫǺ
֪ˣӦúú˵ڷǰ
Ľ˼ﲻܽܣһӼķϧһһУһƳһЦȫϣȻҲԣ˵ǲҵСĲ鸮
ı֮ʣ˵һƫƧСӡ
ûпջֻܽ޵صĴҡ
סҴһʼܲӴǣ˼Ǯ˼Ҳǿס¡
ʱ򣬳˼ͮȳԣȳٸһݵ
ͮǲϲҴЦſԼĸ˵λȥԡ
û£Ů죬ȥȥɣ
Ƶ˻˻֡
ͮһ̽Էȥͮæŵϡ
һ˼ҩռˣŴˣι괳ͰСһɳϡ
һͣҲ֪Ƭˡ
˼˵ӣСһ￴Ļ棬ʱٺЦϼ˼ֻǿװ
ޣĿǰص㣬һǰЦǰ˯
򣬳˼һ£ͮġ
ôԷ
˼ͮϵķЩɻ
ҩ
ͮס˼֣ʹյԷĶߵ˵Լĳ⡣
˼ͷβûҪԸЩݣΪͷһӳЬζζѾȫûθڡ
Ϊͮû뵽

˼һ̲šţ㹻ŵһͷţˡ
磬װΣ⸸
һҪǶͼıأ
ͮһĭܾԼϳ˼ˣʲôʲô˼ʲôȥʲôϱһ
Ǿɱǡ
ִӳ˼Ǽ˳һ˿С
ͮ˵ͷɲǼ䣬ֱ˼ҩռ䣬һ𱻴Ļҩķˡ
˼ȫͰ֮棬˾ŵӣһ߳棬һ߶Ŵ档
ҹ󣬴˯ˡ
˼ŴͮԼӿ뿪ҩռ䣬иռǺãޣϢ
ʵϣǱ÷¶ޣֻǲܶõ
ȥһ·Ϻܶط˵ҲʱһϢҲԩ·ġ
ˣôж
ˡ
˼нŲͮſϣװԼˡ
ܿ죬Ÿ˴ƿһ˵ˡ
˾ͺãװ͵޳ȥ
һûϱ͵ֿϧġ
ϧʲôûǮ˭ԸһӣҪ֪Ů˿Ǽֵʮƽأ

ŸĶԻ˼Ȼ
ͮҲšüëʲôӦþͽԵְɣ
ǴоҪȥ޳ǣ⸸Ӷ˾޳йϵ
֮ǰҩЩΪҲҪȥ޳ǣ
޳ȱˣǿ׳ֺãȥ޳˵һ·߸裬Ҳڰǡ
Щְɣ˷֣Ǿˡ
ʲô޳ǵĳ˵ˣǴȥ㹻ˣһס޳ǡʱ򣬻һԭ𣿡
-

439 

һԭҪ˵Ļ
Ҳ˵ҩȺ˭Ǵ⸸ⷬ㹻˼ͮˡ
üˣ˶ˣװ͵ͷ
õģ
ֱӽͮͳ˼װȥ󣬷Σ̧Ѿ׼õϡ
ֱʻ˼һѵ潫һӣ¶Դ֣װͮһӡ
漴˼ԣûֱȥ
һ·ʱڼ䣬ͮȥҩռ䣬ҪĴѣº󣬳˼ŹԹԵĻ˵
ڣʱͣ
һ΢紵쬵ʪó˼ܹȷѾͷ
һ洫̸
ٶˣ˶ʮ
Ǻðɣ
Դʧ֮Уãжôġ
˼ȴջü˶ĵģΪЩӣһǺüƱƫƫ֣˼ʾһɱˡ
ֱշת͵˴ϡ
˼һֱΪǻһڴ벻ǣϵҴȻһ¥
ྫķ䣬ǲȥڴϡ
ĩˣоڸװǵɰ󣬳˼Ŭ۾Լ¶һ˿
ͮǲģΪԷ书ҲǼˡ
ͻȻһ˫ָϤ
͵۾뺰ˣȴԷס͡
ֻһ˫ŵ۾ǰ֮ˡ
ķһȥµķȫǱ·ò˵滹ϡɼѪۡ
ˣҲ˿ڣȻѾ裬ǿˣһ
˼Ŀʺôӣ
һᣬ৵ľ
󣬺ų˼һƣĿƣ׼һ
˼֪Ŀǰ˵ķںʲôµģԲܵġ
źץסһһų˼˼뵽ʲôת˲֮䣬ʹԼķװͮҩռ䡣
˵ĵط˼Ҳ̲ס˼֮飬˺һӵ
Щ춼ʲô
ʮʮǶ˺δа취Ѱǣ
˼Ĭãֻʵʵ˵ûС
ˣܿһͷĺӣͨ˵ȥˮҲһܳɹεӶ档
ûСˣǡ
׷ʲô飿
˼ʵķɵðθɤ
ͮʶб䣬æ˳˳
ǽ壬ݴĺʱûг
ôһգ۹򣬺ͳǰûΰɣ
ͮ䣬һԵĴȻ۴
˼ǸεĿͮȰǺŴ
ͮͷ㣬ⲻʲô¶ȥŴŶԷ˯
һˣ˼治ôܴͮӷ֮пһЩϢ
ߵǰԼһˮ͹һں󣬳һ
֪ԭɹ֮⻹һط߹㣬֮ء֮Ƭ½ĵطޱ޼ʣϿκﶼ޷档ЩֻǱ󣬽֮غ󣬿ȫѩǣʵϻһţǿţֻ޳ǵҵǵţҽȥȥһأлгǳأֻǡ
ֻʲô
˼ЩԴ󣬲мʧ䡣
ʧڣС˵еˣһ磬ɾǸֿңֻܵһҽߡ
˵ЩѾ֪Щ˵㹻ػһأû˷ѡ
ֺһˮ˵޳ǣޱ޼ʣûлϸûгáֻһ޳ǳǼ帺άά޳ǵΰЩ˼ɵģ˼ɵǣһͨСܰʮʮѪȻʹҲ书ǵ书ֱӽΪʵ壬γɽӽʵıһӵֵùʮ
˵Щ嶼̲ס
˼΢΢ĺ޲ϡ
ǵãС˵һ书ģʲôģ˵Ļҵϵķӡ
Լһ㶼ţЩģⵣǵǲŵˡ
-

440 ¶Թ

ûУںܿġˣôӳģҴ
˼ɻĿ
ӡ
ǸС˲ԭʿ޳ǳ˽ŮŮݺֻԭݱܷͷҲȥҷǻ޳ǡɵǣǼȥѰ;иҩȻѾ޳ǣҳΪ޳ǵĳˡ
Сɣ
δȺ˵꣬˼Ѿµ˺״
Сеˣסݺãټʱһлǡ
㶼֪ˡ
ȻĿ˼Ȼʲôס
˽ĬƬ̣˼ȿ˿ڡʮʮ²ǵɣ
ǣǻ޳ǣ޳ǵһӣȥǣֻǡ
ͷһήҵӣ˼ˣûɵıͷһᡣ
ˣһȥȣҵˣҲǵģ㻹Ҫһ𡣡
ֲ̫ǡ
֪˵ЩʲôһԼһԼֵͬܣû취ѡ
ĪţҪ֪һ˵ʵΣ׵ĵһҽߡ뵱ΪСβʱ򣬾;ĲܶأĲСϣСûа취κԼζţҵ޳ǣһȡ
˼ţΪֻҪǸ˶
ã㡣ڣֻؼҡ
š
˼Ӧһһ̣Ŵͮ˼кѾԭһƬɭ֮С
ڵ۶֮⣬ط˼˲һףζѾ뿪˴
ܴʲôҲκβǡ
ų˼뺮̸ͮȫȥˣǱŴߵǰ
̣ߵʱǵңôҲǸҽߡ
û⣬Ҫ϶㡣
˼Цͮļͮüͷһ壬Ѱ˼˼˵⻰ʲô˼ţǺһ亹
ֱӻص۶أɱǶԸӡ
˼ĿԹĿĳطֱǲˡ
ȴҡͷɱС˵Ըӵ޳ǵˣ޳ҲеϵģңҲΨһȥ޳ǵˣԺлɱҲ١
˼˺̲ݻǴֱߵ飬ǰ޳ǵʱ򣬽ʱҪٱҩһβС
պ󣬺ڣɴĺ˼ļ˵Щ޳Ƿ顣
󾪺ѣǳֱԼ׻˼ʮꡣ
۷׷ף˼ֲ岻ϻǰ뺮ǰ˵ĺõģʥ
ʱ˼˻ʹ
ʱĻʺ԰ͻܹæֻɨ˵°
ϣ˵Ҫ飿

һԼ·ùŮһ衣
󣬳˼ڲܹĴ԰
ûʲôҪܻˣ˼ֱӿżɽϣҵķżȻ֮䷢һ޳ǵĵطޱ޼ʣ书ǿֻһСʤԭĸ֡
ȵȣɩղ˵ʲô޳ǡ
ԣ޳ǡ
˼ᶨ
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˵գҲûйܳ˼𾪵ɫǼʵ޳ǻʲôɩ˵
˺ǣһ˼һԭԭˡ
˼ⷬЩЦ֮⣬ȴǷԷθ
⡭
ɫһȥܻһ޻̸֮վԼǰĻɩɩ˵Ļм١
ϲصģѾ˷ӣԭһǿǽȻ콫Ҳ֮ܽȥ
ɩ˵֮ǰҪطЩ㿪ʼͶˡ
ǵģһʵɹϣϺȫʿаһΰļƻ޳ǵ˲ҲСԭ
˼ãѾܱԼ˽˶ԹˣҪǰȻϣֻһֻ֮ܡ
ʮֳȻʽһ£϶Գ˼뺮Σû޳ǣҲʵƻΪϵԭ
˼֮ôΪҲԼͷȥ޳ǺԼļˡܹԭ
ԭˣôļ˾ͼпܳΪ޳ǵ²ʿеѾˡ
˼Ҳ֪ﱻ֮Ϊϲģ޵λԡ
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441 ֽɽ

պ󣬵۶ϿպȻð˺ںʹðһ
׷Դฮ˻
ȫӣ·Ҳû˵ϴ㶥ղֻӳۡ
ʼٸߣǸꡣ
˼֪Ϣʮĳĳһۡ
Ȼʵˣûͷʱɱ뺮Ҳ
ԣңôһϲֵܸͷӡ
Ҫȥ￤ˣ
һϴɾѵݵ˼ǰ
˼һţժ˼ι
̸϶༤ҵǶ޳Ϊ
˼ֻҪһ뵽ǸĵطԭİΣɷ£һ˼޳ǡ
ʵϣΪһ˶ԣҪ׼ˣſ׷ԼҪġ
̾һҲȥΪʮʮ޳ǣ֪Ƿ񻹻š
˼죬յĿȴǲıϡ
磬˼뺮ٶǰ￤
һΣ˼ûдǽĵտʱЩģ㶣ԼĵãŸź뿪˵۶ǡ
»ͳ·֪ԼıŮȥ£Ծûжʡ
ϣ˼˼ȸԾų⣬΢ķ˿ɢܰ㡣
󽫳˼ӵ뻳У󣬽ϰɣ
š
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ִ￤ҹ̣νҿ
īīԼڶīӵǰѾǰ￤ԣǶʱ򣬲ǹԮ
˼һѵȴīӵӭӭ
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ܺãǽһʵ飬ɹ֮쿪ʼټ֣ٹһΰļƻ
˼ͼī
īһһҹʱû˷ѡ
԰˼˸û˵ĵطһǳ
īң󷽵ĽǵݵīС
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˼˵ͷֳźʹ˸ɫ㽫Я彣ŵͨŴ۳ļǰǻζһ£ֱӴмһΪ
ֱڽĶ˲Ŵлع
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Ϊ˱Ĵʱ򣬳˼ѾȥˣڻƼСٹһˡ
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Ϊڲ֪´򿪼ǣҲ֪ջͨεأҲֱӵִ۶ǻǱĳǳأʱ˵ˣ͵òʧˡ
ԽͶλö׼ɽõѡ񣬿ʵδɾ޴Ļϣǹرա
˼˼Ƭ̣Ŀʵԭʲôطûˡ
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ãǾȥɽٽȥ
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˼ϣڷõԼҪĴ𰸣Ȼһ̣ҡͷ
ɽԭĽ֮أʼҵ伮عɽжĶϣһȥ޻ŵĿܡ䲻Ϊ֮أɽ
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442 Ա

ɽ
˼ˣΪ֪ɽţëȻ
˭Ҳ֪ж档
ڿЦ
˼ʵɣȻǻǸͷĲӬһսһƸϡá
ǰйĺӵ̴ӣÿһשǾ׼ģҲΪԴϽ𣬲ʹĳӵ̴Ӽȥǧ꣬Ȼ𣬼츣ա
缤һǧԺ󱻺ھ˵׼ֱʣҲܸ˵ÿ͡
֮棬Ȼ׿̾һ¶ĻǾ̫ˡ
ɽȥˣɽͷӦĸڻĮҲҪȥ
»˼Ťͷī
īһƹɽɽߣǰǵѾȥˡ˺󣬾͵һʯߴɽţĴܡһ⣬ɸ봫顣
ǡ
ī˼ѪֻҪȥɽС
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źһУ˼뺮ȥ￤Ĵӡ
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ֻùԹԵĴڴƵķ䣬Ů̸һЩ߰顣
ڣ˼ȥɽ˵˴
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ʱ󱦶еͣӲ˲ı飬Ĳһ䡰ɽǻҵһϸ£үүȥɽţȻүүȥΪʲô˲ȥ
Ʊ˵˸ûֻóų˼Ц
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룬ʮֿܻشɽһ⡣
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˼ûˣߵǰֱԲ䣬۴һã붼룬˵ԼɽԨԴ
˵δԭ֮ǰһ֮صĴ;ɽʱ羰Ǻڴ˾ס
λȣҵĵһ׷ԭĵһλʵ۶£򣬺˵ˡ
λҺ˶ȥѰλɽ书ؼʮ궼ûҵٵͷˡ
罭дԵʲôҪԵ֡
λڵĺˣҲòڰôֻΪԵ޷֡
˼жλ漫пڶɽ֮У֮أȷ޳ǡ
λ棬ʲô°
ҵ˵λǿһһɽҲ֪ļٵģǲš
Ǻðɣ
˼ӯӯһЦڴʲô⡣
һ⣬꣬ȥ˯ˡ
ʰɣ
Ц
ɽ
˻һ˫͵˼ĪҪȥɽ
˼ûΣǽеĿĸ֪ۡ
۵֪ΪǸƻһ붼û˵λһ⣬ҵţǸɽοɢҲ˱ߡֻǡ
ۻ˵һͣĻ˼˸š
ĽöԲԣ
ҳôûֻ˼Ҫ밲ȻĽȥɽ»ȥһҵ⡣
ˣֻˡ
˼ȷеλãϺ뿪˿ջ
Ʒ׷ȥʱѾˡ
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ˣһ˼õɽؼҾͼпܻص˵Ǹط
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һĭֻ֪ҶԸЩζû뵽Ĵĵط
ʱĺ˼Ϊղŵ鲻ţЦ㲻ǺͿ˰ɣɽؼһ˵Ǹӣ
ֻҪ˵ֹܣôһоͽпܡ
˼ޱȼᶨȥɽջķᣬܼôȥ޳ǣҲᱻ˿ǷϲģԱˡ
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443 

ȥɽȻ෴ϷҪ۵ĵׯ
ȣԭ֪˲࣬ǺҲ֪һ
˵һֺûӪһׯҪԼĻ
ʵϣǸ书Īˣ˸֣˵ֵ˶Ѿˡ
ܰ벽ɱһˣʮɱˣһ˿ƥǧ
ȵĴ˵һ룬һ벻š
书ǿȻȺǲ޵УֻҪˣȱݡ
֪Ѿ˰µ·ڵʮʱ򣬳˼뺮˹ھµµһׯ
֮ͣʣһλʮµ˴һСڴ˵Ⱥ
˼Ϊ׵Ǹˣ߳Աߵʮµ۾ۡ
λӦþ۵ĵˣһ˲䣬˼òóһ飬Ŵ˵ˣһﶼ󲻵ȥϾŵȫۼһ
ȴ¹ӭ
ȿ˿ڣҪų˼뺮
ǰһס˶Է˫ۡǰضһãǰȫ
⣬λҪ⣬ׯǣòʱ䣬λ˷ΪλһЩɫõ⡣
ȺȻװɵ
ó˼뺮ֲˣ˵ţǱѾŶ
Ҳᵽ˵Ŀģȵ̬ʵ벻ס
⼸۳Ͷȷʵˣ˼Ťͷһۺʲôһʾɺ󣬳˼΢΢һЦǾǰˡ
λ롣
ȴһӣ˷׷ɢΪ˼ͺÿһ
м䣬һ·˹Ħ
һ޹ʹ飬룬ʱһŮͻȻֹһ䡣
үΣ浱С̯һҪǵĴұǳ롣

Ů˻˵ʲôȴ֪ʱŮߵ˳һڡ졣
˵Լ
ͬʱ˼Ҳͣ˽Ų
ЦСŮ£Ϣŭ
˼һߵŮˣƺۻԴӱѵ˾ųųĳ˵°ڣ񣬴ò۾Ҳ̫⡣
̫ǵ۾û˵Ĺʡ
ˣλؾĽ˰ɣ
˼ѵԵ±Թ
ϺõһůǴյС˵߶һСĶӡ
˳̾һתۿһԵĺ֪ɷһ
ԡ
Ůһûʲô˵ģһӦ
󣬺һ˻ׯ˼ȥ˻ׯĻ԰
ֵļѵõڻׯδܵļĿȡ
˼ʲôֵĵط⻭ׯɽׯֻ¶ͨСͽݣĳ̶ֳ˵ɽľѾ˻ׯĻûׯסˡ
һͤӣų˼¡
ûһѾ߷ϲˮ˼òĶһڡ
ΪСβɣ
Ǻ˼ǰһ۾Ϳˡ
Ҳٱܻ䣬˵
˵ŮʱһҧȻ߶ɾˣҧŮȴŮųһɵӡ
Ҳ˵ɵΪɣﲻܿƵжɡ
ΪԭʹǵĴŮʮ궼ûм޳ȥ
˼ãСⲻɵ̵ĸߵͳ̶ȡ
һǷȱһɳ꣬ͻ̶
һǱųģͨһ㽲ǡ
ֻ˼ᵱ˵潲Ƕ֣˶ջ
С֪Էޡ𣿡
֪أ˵ǣͻ˵ˣֻҺ޷ܣĺһҪǻҼңΪ¶Ҹ챻ˡ
˲һᡣ
˼ҲŲ˲۾ǱԷĹ˵ģǶԷ˵ЦۣҪǲһֱԼָЦ
ˣǾڷСһҵķɣ
ãҪʲôֻᣬʲô׼׵ġ
˿ĵĽҪ֪ΪŮµеͷжˣβˡ
Ҳ뺮ģ˻û룬Լˡ
˾ãڤڤ֮еԵ֡
һѾ߹˳Է
-

444 ۾

һżν˶һզѾ˸·ݡ
ϵֱϵݣÿ˶뺮һ顣
ھƣһʼ˼ܽܣ˼ĿԼԼġ
ҪԼķȫˣǵúɡ
Ҳ֪鲻ȥˣԼݶЩɷ뺮죬µ£볯õģҲҪóԼı
ʹ˰һЩ˵Ϊպɻڴùϵ
극˼뿪
ķĴУ졣
˼룬ȵǶŵǲǾҪǡ
ȻҲ룬˼֪һףҲס
˳˼סĵط˼˵СʱֻﴫһŮӵĿ
˼ЩεĿˡ㲻Ὣ˸˰ɣ
û취⺢ƽʱţǹؼʱ
ᵽһӻ
˼ȰһŶ롣
Ҳȴ˼⡣
˵һʱڼҪԸ
ǺãҾš
˾ҽһ㶼˿Ҳˡ
ţ˼תߵýʵСߣڣСֱ۰е
С˯ȥ󣬳˼һֽһҩռ䡣
ȳѪٽCTȫļ飬һǷȱ󣬳˼һҽ
Ȼ̸ָҽǡ
˼ааһЦһ˻ׯ档
ڻׯǰԶǵسǳصĽֵ˿ȻļȻ赲Сġ
Ϻ͸ˮģа̯ġ
˼Щһ㶼⣬һһߴ
˽ʱǿһ׺ͷһ¨һС˯
үү¨װĿߣ
ͷ΢΢һ˫۾һ˼ֱˡ
һСﲻ𣿡
£ҸΣ
˼óһӸͷǰ˻Ρ
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Ҫֻ㻹ûʲôأ
ͷ岽ߣﻹһ۾ߣҪǹҪҶһ
岽߾ˣҪ۾ߡ
˼һȽϣ岽߲Ǳҧ岽֮۾߾һҧߣٶȿ֮˼Ҫľ۾ߣΨκСĲ
ǹǮ
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͵Ƕֱ͵µһׯʱ˵ҳ˼
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ͷһĭĵǽʲô˰һȫһ겻øɻˡ
ȻǽģҲСıʯǼֵơ
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ͷĪһ
ʵϣ˼ߵһ˵Ľ󣬱ҩռصׯķ䡣
С󣬳˼š
⽹ȴһ˼æץסطʵôˣ
һζҩˡ
һζҩôʲôʱȥץҩˣô
ˣ߿϶аѽ
һѾʮֻĴյ˵
˵˵ͷЩΡ
˼û뵽Լ˵¶죬ҲѾȻͲýˡ
Ȼûһԡ
˵һг˼ģһת׹ˡ
˼Ǹε˲£֡
£ȥȥŶˣ뽫Сŵ֮УӲҪ⡣
˼˼ͣŤͷ˷Ը
˲ҵ㰴ճ˼˵ģԼıŮŵС
˿̵ó浽ǣۿóԼŮҧõǰҲûգһ۾ԶŮҪ
˼ׯ⣬ͿǸͷ
ͷһ˼Ӹͷͷȴֻ˻
λıѾˣҪˡ
ʲôأý㻻ȥӿ϶ᱻ˿ӣʶֵ֪ƣʶֻҪֵԣӣҲΪá
ԭˣҲգ벻ﾹޥġ
ͷ˼ŽӹӴ뻳С
˼ͷڵϵ¨漴̱㴫һ˻˻
ϣͦá
ã⻹۾أ
ͷҲܳ˼ҪҪϣϸڵ˾ֺǺǵˡ
˼ɲûбϣǽϸŵĻԼǱ¨ׯӡ
-

445 ʵ޹

˵˼ȴ˼һ¨Լ˻˻
˲ɵûܣҲǳԹġ
һĭĿ˼õǡ
˼ȻѾµˣʡ
˼תҪȥԼұŮӣϵ׷ȥ
˼ϵ˻ˣԹԵĽ¨򿪡
ʱСҲˡ
˼ιһɤӣСͳų˼ķ˹
һѰ˼Լ˰ţĪķϣھҳȻ󽫶Էúһ١
룬һۣͿҪԼʲ
ʲôŶ֪ˣңɿõ˺㡣
С㻹ǵһԼɣ
˼Ȼ¨ڵϡ
ɲǼ䣬һŻƵ۾߱һС㡣
˿־嵽˼㣬ֱ˹ȥ
СһǴ󺰴
ӳ˼Ķ䣬ɱҪҡ
ʱд˸Ĳ뺮
˵Ҳ֣Сһ۾Լɵۣ߾Ȼˡ
ⲻ֪۾Ѿ˼ҩռˣٶȿ쵽ˣҲǱȲ˼һ֮䡣
СӣȻ۾ŻңŲɱ㡣
ϵСһֻӰ㣬ƴڵоǲ֮
˼ЦΨȾ
Ůˡ
ʲôòõģ˭Ұģֱ̫ˡ
𽥻ָʶС֪Լ˵˻æװɵ
һҲȷǸǷȱŮ׸Լ˵ټˡ
Ůӻãһˡ
ˣŮҲκˣǰҪĲǡ
˵գ˼ϺֳϢĵطȥ
ԶȥıӰȺݺݵĳ˳ǣʲôʱӦǰѴ˺üˡ
ˣ˷ȥˣ
뵽Լҷˣ˼һΪĲҽ쳹
ţ˱һɴŵ
ֵ˫ðŮһߣʵϣ书Ȳ¡
û뵽Լȵ˵֣û뵽˻
һˤûˤϡ
˱ˣĻУǱˡ
˲ΪԼү󶯸λ𣬶Ϊүȵ֡
û°ɣ
˵ԼΪⷢʱСһܱӵ˹
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ۺӣпĵĽ
磬˼뺮뿪µһׯ
ȵ֪˲Ƭ̣󻹸дһţ˵ǵȳ˼뺮⣬Խͻ֣֮ŷĵĽ˼
˼ûдװĺӣ䱦һ㽫ӴڻֱԼҷŽƽСĴ򿪡
ӿһɫȻڶǰ
ʲǺܺã滹ʣǱ˲ҪĴƷڼ
ȲǸһٵİɣ
ӦòᣬȻҾ룬ҪôʶˣҪôʵ޻Ψõʱ򣬲Żâ֡
˵ţ˼⿪ʼо
ȴµʵһκС㣬δҲ̫кʵˣòѹûװİɣ
־˲ʧɵ־Ҳܼһ˵Ǳܡ
˼עȫϣӦ⣬Ҳһûһġ
ţҲˣǱ۾ǳ˯
˼Ϊô⣬Ѳõɽͻᷢ߱ɳ书ܣ˼ȥ־ò̫ܣйоصĲС˵гõ·
һԼҷ˯˵ģҪţҲ˼ѪʲôģȻҪһͨϾڱ˿һΪ˵飬ᵱ˼ҵ
漴˼óһ룬ԼСĴָһһѪֶ
ѪϣȥѪѪ⻹⣬˺ðҲûκηӦ
˼ЦԼǸʱС˵Ӱˡ
Ȼ͵׼װʱһ̹⣬ţԭɫ˲͸
˼ٶ⣬һ̣⾹Ȼһůû
֮䣬˼󡢴ʹޱȣʹ࿰ѹ˼˹ͷѵ
-

446 ռ

ʹ֮£˼Ҳûзһк
ԼҽߣʱԼķôķֻΣƣѵԼʹһǳ˽飬˼ԸҲ鷢
Լ棬Ҳǳôˡ
֪˶ã˼ٶ˫۵ʱȴķԼһصĿռ䡣
ɽˮΨһƬ̡
ĵطԳ˼˵İģ˼һϤʹһƬ֣һִҽԺʱ˼û޳
ͷһԼ·ǹװζûлصԭȵ硣
ʲôҽԺ֪ҩռṹҩռֻҽԺһ䡣
ʣ˼ƿҽԺĴš
߽ȥŷҽԺûһˣʩȴޱȵȫ
˷˼ǣҩռ屶ֹ
ģ⾹ǰҩռһҽԺһɽˮС硣
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ĺ󣬳˼׻أ
ûСؼҪβȥɽѽ
˼һ뿪ҩռ䣬ٴ֮ʱķл˯
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Сһ⣬ܾǰԵǣԴСֽճȥܲȴʮУȥȴʲôоҲûС
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֮£˼һȭĳϣһ̣Ϊ촷ۣڱܵҲû⡣
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ǵأбôϡ
ĳ˼Լҷˣæɿ˵㡭ٸ㡣
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ⲻˣղһһԼŵ顣
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˼æջ֡ⲻǴ̵ģǸ⣬ҵԴ֮ѽ֪ˡ
˼źһҩռ䣬ޱϤĵطʱȴѲǹȥǸӡ
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һĭ񿴹һԼ
˼һ㽫˯źͷβһֲĽһ顣
Ҳ֪û˵ͷ˵˼˵ǸΪһ壬ĵ̱ˣңǸҲ˷Ƿ
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ȥ˵ܶ飬һѧϰ书ÿδӦĺܿ죬ŹˣҲװʧ䡣
㲻ţǺãҾúÿһ
˼ЩץͻȻһòָŹ˵ˡ
˼̧֣ɡ
̼䣬Ļ÷ɻݣէһͺûǿùһ
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һĭҪˣΪһȭȥƬɽøŻٵ
˼ջ֣ԴһѣΣ漴˾ҵķһڵء
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е˶һ£æ۾һǵĿ˼ôˣ
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˵䣬˼Ѿҩռ䣬óһѳʳڵ̻
ԼһһǾãһõĿʼ
ǰСķǹȥʮ࣬˵ܳǸڲֹܳԣҲ
ζţǿǿһߣҲԼȫü˰ȫ
˼ԱԴҲ
һ˵֪ˣǰҩռѾһС磬޷ݵģҩռ䷢仯ľǸ⡣ҵϣǳűĳһƣôһƵ͵ڽһСȥ
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447 ж

£ܵˡ
ЩᣬҪǶʼɳ˼ǶԷҪı
ΪһˣôһŮ˷ǳ衣
ͺԣΪĸԴҪܡ
Ļó˼ٸнԣԸһͨˡ
ǵ֪ԭǾ֮ܿһСҪĵطһ
ҪȻһӣῪĵġ
֪޳ǣץʮʮ䲻֮ʣ˼۽ѾӺ̶ܴϵõչ
޳ǱȥķҲ취ǿԼϡ
һжռȥĪ˵ķҲΪǸ׸
תɽȥɽҪĿġ
һĿıǲɽԱľ룬ȻʵлƻڵڶĿģҴ˵е书ؼ
ԭЪϢƬ̣˼ͻȻһͷ
ȥ˲Ƶľһףڡ
ǵͼ㿴ơ
ʹóͼ˼
˼֪¶һһΡ
ǰѾϰһ׵˲ƣֻʲôˣŪûʵ䷴
˼ĿһͼԺлƳһƬͼ󣬳˼Ϻһҩռ䡣
ҩռУ£ļ紺ȸܲȣҲǰ㳳˵в
ֻˡһжĳ档
˼ͷһۺ׼𣿡
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Ϊ֮ǰԴѣ֮Уòϰˣڵѣ֮в֪᲻ǿ֣ߣѣλܡ
ں֮ʣ䴫˵ĺţ翪ʼơ
ԵҲֻܿӰһʣµıǺķ
֪˶ã˼ͣʱѾһɽ֮¡
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˼ĵĲͷ
ѷֲ嶫ˣָ˵һ㡣
أ
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ðɣ㲻ĻǾ
ǳ˼˸ղžúе⣬ʲôܵġ
˴ԭϢһټ·
ɽѵϲɽȫȡǵ顣
˼һɾʯͷ͵£ʩչṦȥĸɽժһЩҰ
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׿ǳͷ̶ֻСȴϲȺӡ
˼ƣ͸ղҧȥһӣжʮֻļ׿ǳ档
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ɽ
Ǹεһָ
ɽɽԶɽãɽͬҲֻǳϦ֮顣
ôˡ
ɽժĹӲҪԣȫ˰ɣ
˼ٷְȷеļ׿ǳжΪڣͷѾʼˡ
ҲǷԼɫе㲻ԣ㼱æץסԷжˣΪ˹ƶ
ˣȥɣ
˵ţ˼Ͷһ˽ҩռ䡣
ŹʱŴˣټ˼ʱһ˫۾Ǻġ
Բ𣬶ֱ׾
˼һǷȭļ´οɱժҰˡ
ţסˣҪǵĶӣⱲӶҪҰ
˼ûˣʶǿŵǵģҲƽ
ڳ˼Ϊҩռʱԭ򣬻Ǽ׿ǳ涾عڰԵʹδ߽ҩռ䣬ͻĲݵϡ
ʱԼĶˣǣϻһںɫѪ
Դˣ˼ֻôͣӵԶŶĹЧǿںѪԵµġ
˼ûн¸ߺʲô˵˵ˣķãһͷβĹ
һ죬ķúһѣһˡ
գ˼һְĵطǬΨɽֵĵطܲӾҪһ
Ͳ֪ˡ
-

448 

ŶĪǷ֪
˼һ汦һ
ãԼ֮أɽɽȥ˶࣬˽ɽʹɽжϹࡣЩСǵʬĿҶΪһ壬Ȼ÷ֱͣɽȼʶɽۺЩǳɽվ¡
͵ǣǿ˼ÿ϶һɹصڲһС
һ󣬳˼ɽ
ñǰɣ
Դ׵壬ͬʱ彣ϡ
˼ûоܾ㰲ĸԼҷ
Ϊ˱˼ҩռ׷߳ԸϺ󣬳˼Űġ
Ȼ˼봩ɽɽ·᫵ģϷʻߡ
Ϊڱأϲʺɽ·
ʱ˲Žߵɽ
˼ܻͣһȦ˵ûоȦӡ
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ͻȻ̶Ц˻һֱǰߡ
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Ϊת̫Щó˼ò
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˼һĻ́ʱǰļٺѾˡ
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첽׷Ϻɻ󲻽Ŀ˼㷽Ļ
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ڿʼǣ°ߡ
˼̫ΣΪ˱Ƶ鷢ֻˡ
˵ͷţּǰС
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˼Ҳˣۻɽ⵹ɽͶ壬Ҫβأ
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˼ǰһΧСһȦʵ룬ȻӵֶΣΪᡭ
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С˵һ˫۾Թ
˼һЦλλǸʵǿĴڰɣ
Ȼʲôסֻб۸ķݣɶǣһͷҵﻹмλĹ򣬽Ҵ޳ǵˮΣԹ˿ͷûȴⷢһ֮Ҿͨ
-

449 ǵò

û뵽޳ǻֱԭİ벻ǣȻͨɽ
˼ȴҲֲ̿
ԭװϷ֮ɽصͨº
뼰ˣ˼һץסСʵͨںδ
һ֪ġ
С¶ɫǲ˵˵ı˾ʲôСԸ⽲ġ
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С˵ͷŶ߽ïܵ֡
˽ʱ˵ǰȻһţһĹǰ档
˵صķĹݵɲѣɵȳ˼뿴Ĺ֮ϵʱһԵСȴסҪǰĳ˼
ĹЩͷˣòƻһڣҷʱǴӷĹĺġ˵Ҳ֣ԴǸҲʧ
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˼־ϲС˵ʲôһҲ⡣
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ΪҽݶΪ
˼һתЦ˽⣬ȫָҺͷأ
С͵Ҳûж룬˵ʱĹϵ֣Ҳֻһ˲ĹٿʱѾˡ˵򵥵㣬ĹΪ֮أʮΣգһǣһ´󼪡Уûв´ĻĹˣһƷʦʥֻһȻڿҪʥ֮ʣٶԿʶ䡣
ǳʥ֮书һʲô磿
˼֪ν˼Щ֮͵ġ
СһĭΪֹ޳ǣҲǸƷ۷ʦʥֻһҲһܽһҲˡ
ȥˣȴ٣ٲĳףȥֻУΪһʷ
ڴʦʥ֮Сֻһ仰ݡ
罫ʺʥǰ죬һԪٲᱻҡ
ԾѣΪһʥˣ죬Ĵڡ
ǴһƷʦƷʦʱҪã
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ҪŵĻҲҪһꡣ
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СȴݸһЦȻģÿǰһΣͻӳʮ꣬˾ƷԪֹͣӳǵʥ硣ʱ˵òƲᷢκα仯֮޳ǵˣÿڶʮ󣬶ᶨǸ͵ò
ԭˣһֱΪŴЩǼٵģû뵽Ǽ˵
˼һ䣬ͻȻɽһվĹǰûȫڵء
ʲô𣿡
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Сתͷһ۷ĹǴоˣȥ
˵ţСһ·ײײĹۿһ˾ҪײĹȴգ۹˱ʧӰ١
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δȺ˵֮꣬ؾѳ̮󣬴˿ҲֻײĹһ
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ʱѾһֲָĵط
˼һɤСԼĻһ޵׶һ㣬޿ֲĸо
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˼ɲΪԼֵеǽϵĹЧĳˣʹǲܿС
Сſڵϣ˹ȥ
˼ǰСƬ̵УûһС۾
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С۵ֱ조һƴиô໨ʲô
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СŵĻ˵ˣ׼ǵ˼Ҳˡ
֪ˡ
СܲͣĹǸ𶯷ͣ¡
ԭһ˼ʼ۲Ļ
ôеһ¹ŵĹ㳡мλûһʯʯʣģԸʯΪ
-

450 ʯ

ǹȥ
˼һҪȴǱǰ档
ǰ棬ڱ档
и˾Ǻãֵѵġ
Сɵøпһ䡣
˼Ц:㻹ôСЩеûģֲǱ۸
ҽ۸ʲôϵǸӣʵ޻˵
Сٻף뵽һŭֱš
˼ͷӦý˼ٶ̵ġ
СȥˣҰ㿴֤޸ı֮ǰ
ġ
Сס˼֣˵ʵڵģѾκϣˣ벻ڳ˼ܿϣԣ֮
СĴ£Сû˵ֻһŮǵң뺮޳ǣһõ
ססһ£㣬Ͷǲһġ
˼ǲСĺãСĴΡ
СϸһѰ˼ҲôȻأҲֻǿͷĽ㡣
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СһЦȻΪ˸ղ˵ĻʾǸ⡣
˼ûж룬󷽵óǹԼСʳСһͬ
Сһγͱͨ죬ȴǿƲסҪԼڡ
˼еѾͷһƿ̺һЩ۽
СֹסͻȻ˼ڡƿ㻻鱦Σ
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ƭˣҪûôóôóԵģڣӶװ˰ɣ
С죬˿ֲò뼸ƤɰһЦĳ嶯
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ԼĪ˰ʱ˼İѾ޿ˣ͵˼һʧܵһ̣ȥǿӾȻһεˡ
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ĽеӶһµļơ
˼Ҳе£֮ڵϵǿֻص֮С
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Сһ˿ǵĽƿ˳˼
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˷ܶˣվ֮ǰѾ˲١
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С̲ס²۵
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˼ҲеĹˣǿ㣬ʵɶ
ô
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˼һǱ㿪ʼܻ
аӺͺӣ̫УɫΪɫΪǿԽΪ˺ŮˣҲµܿܿǳǵأ棬ΪȻз򡣶ˣȻɱԣڱѡʱΨдƹ򣬲ܻһľʡ
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ƹӮӮ䲻䣬֪ˡ
Ц
˼ҲеԵɣҪƵ֣յõλܵĴУΨдʯٵ̡
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451 ȫ

ɵ˭أ
˼ССֻƤͷѾܹ˵һУûʵοȻˡ
˼ֿһЦʾ¶Ҳ첻ˡ
ڸոգԼһɹסˣĿǰһá
Ͳһˣҩռõչһƾܰһôĳ촷ۣʲô˸ǰŪ
˼һ̧Լʯһģ˵ǹվֻţ˫ȴܶģţʯͱ˼صһĳ顣
ʯˣҲͻˣͻȻֻһɣվԭѵʯȴٴλָ
˾һֻӬﻢ£˼ˣָŴвǰɣɴǷųȥƴУؼԼ
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˼һĭȲĽ
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˼ݸСһҲͣ¶˵ҹԷҲδס
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ʱ׼ľͻ˻л㱨īУڵڶƻڳ˼ʧܵǰ֮£īŸ뱨롣
Ҳˣ˼ɽ֮࣬˵˻ĵִĿĵء
漴˼ó˼ǣ˳˻ķλǵ˳ȥ
˼Ҳû뵽ľͷ˻ԶѾ͸֮ء
Щ棬Ǵ˻Ļ濴ġ
˼ϨīǱҲѾһֵ
ī˵һء
º󣬱˼ֵļƻϿʼʵʩ뺮Դȫ֣īī
ʲôǳ˼ģҪæ̫ɵЩ
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ȻҲҪϣ˿̵ҩռ䲻ֻһ䣬һС磬
ɽˮ֮ʲôУȻشһ·ĵ
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452 

˿̣ϳһȴ֪뺮粻ˡ
˼ڰæСеĲݵϣĿ
˴߰˸ʱ˼Ŵҩռ߳ߵ¡
æˣ
۴һǷ
ţȽϸӣǾˣˣҾȰҪʵڶĽ㣬ԭٻȥҲ١

Ҳ˼ڵġ
ĵɽؼ˼ԥĽóȻǱΪƵؼ˶Է
㿴ⱾҿⱾ
á
ؼֵݸ˳˼
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ֹ⣬ȵؼ
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ԣˣںھؾͺԼķһǰ޳ǡ
ҡ
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дŲűһųն
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ͣ˸ɳ˼뺮ȵģ˵Էǲͷŷˡ
ҲΪΪԼӻعԼվһ̣ͱһѪͷ
ǰҲɡͷ·ʪˡ
һеѾʹ˸ɫ
ѾһĭǴŵǰΪȽɡſ
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ʵڱǸѾˣǰҪŵùңͽ˵ôҲҷѵĵϵҲ˼ҵǷ纮
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Ҫ񣬶ı̶κι屦
ͷ˼ñΪһ׸ɾ·ûоܾȥ˸ڴúߵǰ

˼ڣȵǰ
ǰ
һУͫȻŴ
⡭ôܡǡ
ǡʲô
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á
䣬˼̧֣һӻȥ
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ҲüͷһԼһֿȡ
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ûн˵꣬һӣʵֻѾָʡ
˼֪ܹΣ֪⵽ʲô
ǰֱ˵ɣ֪һС
ǺãҾͰȫⲻģֻػһӵ鱦ȫй⣬޳Ǹʧ˽ǧҽ壬ܱãֻ˵⹦ˡ
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453 

⡭ܷپһ㡭
˼˼쳣ңҪôͣôҲԭġ
ν⣬һԼعµ鱦ͱ纮ÿһ˾ͻɾһݹ¡ݹնᱻգ۳һڹУֵ٣˵鱦߱Ĺܣͬʱ⹦⻹һǿ鱦ܽЩ˻
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˼·ι괳СһĳЦЦһãٶ˯š
Ҳѹ֣ҹڣ˯ǵıɵϰߡ
ӤϣָϱӺ󣬳˼һ׼뺮һȥ͵ʱ򣬱ͷûãֱŶ롣
СƺҪˡ
ʱҲûѲ
˼ļһΣհҪôĸƽ£ҪôѡһҪô
˼룬űҾСԺܡ
ҲЩģϾСôãѽ˵Լˡ
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˼ȥСķûͮҲȥˣ֮󣬷һֱţһ
վȥһſڴҪ͵鼸ۣһҪƿһһۣȻδЩٴקס
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454 

ԣСùõҽûġ
·ҲΪԼСù֤
¼ޱų˼ģ츸ĸ˵ЩɣȴҲҵ˵˵
ʱ֣Ҳ˵һ󣬷ſˡ
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ĪĸǲСǲС
СЩĵĿһĸкӲϲĺòá
˼һΪСϹһ̥Ǹޡ
кǶˡ
˼Ļġ
Һڹϣ˵һó˼Ŀ࿴Ļ
Сôˡ
СܺãЩ飬ҪţЩʳһҪٳԣȺٳԣЩ㶼ס
ãһġ
֣صĵ˵ͷ漴ӳ˼нӹԼĶӡ
ųĺӣ˭ǰһۣСҪĺСĶࡣ
źӣ֮г˴ȸİ
Ψ¼ҵЩСǣڿӺһ鶯ǡ
ôͰ͵ģһ㶼ɰ
·ûɵһ仰ŭ
˪漴ָ˶ԷһҲ˵Ͳˡ
ôִңڼδˡ
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ССӤڽܳǵı֮󣬾ͱ˼Ҫ˻
СҲˣӻҪøչˡ
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ĸų˼˵ͷ
˼ݸһЦӣСһС㻹Ե˼һ¡
Եģ԰ôˡ
ĸһţڲԼңĴҡ
˼һңҾͰĸĳ䡣
أҪϱԵģԢµĿʼ
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һߣ˼еӤĽعϣһٶǵ˲꣬ô
˵˼ҩռôأ˭Ҳ
Ȼ˲֪ǣ˿̵СѾų˼Ϊı㺣࣬Լţˡ
ͮ޲ץųԣ˵ѾþûгԵôζĶˡ
˼ŵС˵Сԣҭס
Ż
ǣ˵ģļ⣬ҲҪСǳ¼ҵĵλһ㡣
лл
лʲôݵԸ˵ллҶ顣
˼һСļ
СЦһͬʱӵԼļͥѾܺˡ
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Ҫһҵˣˡ
ˣҲҪ㿴ϲа˵̻Ůˣĸ˲޹˭
˼һҲͮС仳еڼ䣬ûٻ𣬾ö֮˵Ҳû˴塣
ͮɫǺ죬һŭҲܣҪһˣҪҵģְġ
Լȥ
˼һͮ
Ҫ˵Ů˵޷һʱ˶ԵˣɻʲôĶС£ҪһǶ£ЩĶûУôĻһٳɣʮ֮˾ŶҪ
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˼֪ĸˣ㽫Сͻ˷䡣
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С䣬Ļƾƺɰ㳢һڡ
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Сŷθ˼ɰҲ֪ģóԵĳԶˣЩͨģĳԲ
ǰúóԵĳԶˣԵ㲻õĻвһĸоСδҵĸо
ܵ˵죬Ѿ˼¼εĲè졣
ʵڳԲˡ
ãԲҲ㡣
ӹĸ뵽ʲôܿ˿ҵĴأ
˵Ҫţſ
ŶȻҾͷˡ
ĸһ뵽ʲôסСС䰡ˣӰѾŮʱ뺮ҵСӶף˵жð
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СӶƣŮҲϡ
ĸС֣⻰ûëǿĸƵСѶ
ǰ֮Լİ˵ףСֻЦһŬ
ҩռｫϱ֮ĶԻеĳ˼ͮıһĸŮ˻ǽϲ
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455 ̸

˼ãҪСһŮʲôģǲȥġ
ʼռһ㣬ɵģҲɵģ罫ĴϲСŮҪǰ˴ճһԣǻӵһ
С޲£ô׶Ҳǰ׶
˼룬˼ǧСҲôġ
ʱСļֵۺ˼붼Ѿ˼ʱظг˳ҲΪˣڳ˼Ŀռһϯλ
󣬳˼СĶӻС䣬⺢ӣʱֱˡ
С䶼ˣмĿ˼ллҼҶôá
Сӳ޷⼸ڱʵ㣬ʹƤʱ˲٣ʵϣ⺢ɺ顣ֵ죬û¶𱧳ȥ
ţҶ֪ˡ
С䱧Ŷһ߻ԼСԺ
Ȼ˼ԼķСĶȡһ֣뵽˼үү̣һʱĵȡֵ¶ҲˣҲûбҪȥ˼ңϾһ֣Ҫ溢һġ
ţ˼ȥ͡
ټ֮УֻС·绹бңѾˡ
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糿ʱķĺ磬ΪҪȥ֮ϣϴ򿪴ʱֿķԺ䣬ȴӰ
˼һ࣬תСˡп𣿡
ҿˣһͳ˸ǹеĲܹˣܼӡ
ʵ˵
˼һǹˣûٳ͡
ν²ټķ϶ʲô¶
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Ѿǽ緹һ֮ǰ̬׷׿ų˼
Ϻûڸòͣǿ԰ճ˼˵ȳԣ£ûлôⷹǾͲҳˡ
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˼æȥģ溮˳һ󣬺Żָ
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ͷ:ñȥɹź̸һ¡
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ɹ⣬ɹѾԭˣǵ˾;ű߾ΪΪľǱţ˵ԭ̸
̸ĻδҲЩ
˼ʼģ˵׼ɹı
ֻ飬û뵽ϻӦû뵽ϻȥ
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ǳд󳼵һɣ϶ٲ˼ʵµƲ
Ҫô˵Ͱٷ֮Ǹֱˡ
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ȥ϶ҪȥһҲúýһ޳ǵ飬˰۹Զһ㣬бȥ޳ȥ
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˼ӯӯһЦÿĻȡ
Ҳ޳ǵ˲صȣҴԭץ˹ȥײˣôҪһ⻼š
ң˼Ҳûָɹ޳ΣΪֻǽ޳ǵֻٵɹ
ɹһɢɳûȥ֣һоˮˡ
ֹգ˼뺮ȷǰɹʱ䡣
ʱ䶨ڵڶһ磬ǰϣ˯ź󣬳˼ͽ˴˳¸Լĵտ
ͬʱָԼĶʮȫڳ¸֮뺮һûһͲ뿪¸
ҲΪ˴İȫڳ˼ı࣬ʮҲĸԸĴڳ¸Ͼ˭Ǯȥѽ
źһУ˱Яһǧ־ɹķȥ
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456 

С꣬˼뺮Ų裬ͻȻһ춯
üͷ˼뵽ʲôЦβ͸˹
ǰβ;Ӧò
˵ţְ¯λһ¡
һƣʹõ¶ȻߣСͳ·类̿ζǺֱԡ
˼ţͷһ¾ͺãúٽ¯ƿ
鲻Ըƿ¯Ӻ󣬳ŵľߡɣ
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Сڲ˲漴߿Ŀ·硰ҾȥҲӦģ㣬ҪǸˡ
ˣǰ˭Ҳ˵˭Σ
˼ݸСһʪë
СӹëϵղɾǲĸԼһ衣
·Щµĵͷҿ˼Ҳҿ
˼ȴµˣǱҸأ
᪻ؼ̽ˣϾһڱңһˡ
ȵȡһۡ
˼ֻԼӲˣʲôʱҸ᪽һ
ʱСһЦǲֱ֪Ӹұ׵ģǸʱڿ·磬·ûд͸һˡ
˼˳˼󣬲ɵõһ۳·硰㵽ϲϲң
ϲһֱѱҵš
˼ֿһСƺʲô
СҪȱҸڼãôСһεŮˡ
Ȼµ˶һ
Ҳգ㰮
˵ţ˼Ҫ
·ȴһס˼˵Сùãͻȥ̫ˣСùһȥ
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ȻȥǾ͸ŰɣҪǷʲôõ飬ҲֻܹԼѧղѡ
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κΣһӶˣʹն֮ı䡣
ĩˣ˼źʹһɫ
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˼ûκ书ӵģȴǱȺӦ֡
ԼܽеˮģһССıУɵĿࡣ
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˼Ҳ뽫Լĵ˵ûʲôĵ£޷ձƵѧѡ
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ɱΣˮٻУﵽĿĺٻˮҪѰ𣬿¶ԷļҲ鲻ߡ
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ĵǣǿ䰡Ҫô˵ֻԱˡ
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˼ҪԼķ޷ţҲѧϰƣѧˣԼľ̶Է
ͬģҲĵĽؼ˵
˼뷨֪󣬺ϲ֣ôˣǱǷޣҲûʲô˵ġ
˼һƵؼ̯ԼƣǼ䣬һСƾն
״Щӵɳ
㻹Ǹš
Һ֪ôһˡûУ书ҲûУƫƫȴɹˡ
˼ǣ޳ǵǵĹ򣬲õ书
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壬ͷ˾ͳ˵ķţȥı̬
˼ס֣Ҳʱ۾
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457 Ի

Ҳ֪Ǻ˼ӯӯһЦ͵ĸ䣬пࡣҪģǽЩڣͨתΪ˵򵥵㣬еƣȴ֮Ĺ῿źĴָĹ⣬ȴܿĻָ
۾ϣ׿һУͺñһʲôˣȥΧ
˼̵˵󣬾ͿʼԼľ顣
ûϰƣϰԼĺ
дµĽܣԺйһ̯Լơ
һʱʱֱʱȥ󣬺͵۾
漴һͷ˿ϸı˿˺֮С
Ľһ㶼⣬ö
˵ǲһ
ô᣿ҵǾ˿ҪԺ˿ˣָ׼ԷƲأ
˼Ĺ˻һȦ΢ָ̧һø첲ϸС˵Թǿ
˵ͷһӣǸ˿޷ƵٶȣǿСɳ۶ȥ
ɲǼСأ˳޲ѵǣСڵصʱûзϴͺСǱһġ
˼ֽкãüͷչŽǸ˿ͶСĸϵû뵽˿֮
ҪϰȥɱһˣǱһֻӬҪ򵥡
ԣҲ΢ľ磬١
ôҪǲԼķͷܱԼѾˡ
Ǹóȥ緹ˣٲȥżˡ
˼֣Ϻٶ
˿̣һǧ־밵иǶǰ󱳣κκûϢûǳ緹ֻҧأƣ·
ʱ򣬳˼ƿ¶һԴһڴͣȳԱˣϢٸ·
ڿϢˡ
˳һжԳ˼ǽһм㰡
ͣеĳæʼܹ
˼뺮ǻصϣȻҩռһƾ¯һиֳԻʳġ
ЩĶںú󣬳·Сŵζ̽ͷ̽Ե˳˼뺮ڵ
·ԼСùôһ˫۾ֱˡ
֪СùǲԴģҲȥЩ֮Сùóʲôͳʲô
ˣЩãκβ÷ֻõŶ˵ȥ˵һ˵ķԼԣҪΪκηԼųԡ
Ŷ
·绹ʹһССͣһװͰ͵ӣŵó·ת
·罻ص˼ѾʼŪˡ
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Ȼ˵ðԲھȥ
˼ⶺˡ
СںҾͰ
Ҳǡ
·һҲС
˼εҡҡͷţĸС룬ÿСδһ
˲⣬Ǻ

ںӡУǺȵģƽҲϲ
˼ֻܽһЩУæˣŽ͵:зţԵʱȸţպһ㽴ϣպһԵţۣ죬Ԥϻ𡣡
ԭˣǱ˵ʲôҲҪһԡ
Ŀ¶ڴУֻҪ˵óԵģǾһóԡ
ˣЩ࣬ʲôʲô߲Ҳһ
˼ݸһһ˫ӣضǶˣӱ㿪ʼڶ
ŻȻ
в־ŵζĲ涼ܳˡ
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˭֪أζ
ŵζ־Դ۲
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뺮ǻصҩռ䣬ϴú󣬳˼뺮Ͷ뵽֮С
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ҲΪ˰ȥƣ书ݴԺ֮УһȽϹǾãʺϴ
˼뷨һҲȺҪʱȥϰơ
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458 ѷ

ΪһִɹѡһʮΣյ·
һ·֮Ͽٷˡ·ʿӵ׼֮ˡ
ЩǵĿ˵Ե΢ˡ
ҩռĺ˼һ뿪ҩռ䡣
Ǵϵʱڣִһпܷ顣
ϾԽ·Ͳˡ
־Ϣú󣬱ں֮£ǰС
һųĶɽ֮еС֮ϣһĴߡ
Ƭ̣칫Ȼ˱
ҪģһȺҴСʹ־ǲòԼЯĶƵɡá
Ҳô־ÿֲҪˣ¾Ҫˡ
ǵĻ͸˼뺮ˣǸǾӢҲһҵܱĵط
СС·ּ˳˼ͺ·翴Ĵ·棬ˣҲ֪ڼҵĵͼˣ
·ڵģ˼Ҳڵġ
ĵȴǼˣȴԭİա
һⳡҲ֪СΧģǴΧģǴΧģԭҪˡ
ǰ֮ǹ˶ⶡ
ӣ۾֮дЩԹ
˼֪¶ܹүη궼ȻҲԹκˡ
ֻǱ΢࣬ڴȻǰֻܵСϡ
ⳡһֱڣͣˣȴưôꡣ
òڴ˵ذӪկ
ȰٺһУֻƣ
˼źҩռ䣬ȻӣҩռУһлǰӣ޷ͷĨɫ
û䣬ƻϲϱ仯˯ȥ
ɾڳ˼ҹˮʱԼϸĽŲЩǽ˺
ʵ:ôˣ

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ϸһҲò
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ȻŲ˵һʵ£ȥãû뵽ȴǱ䱾ıܺãȥҪüʵԭʧ
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459 Σ

ܿ죬ЩҲ־ץסˡ
Щ˵ļ־ͬ־ģео͵Ƽˣܻ֮ľͻȥܻҲ
ΪˣֳЩ־ص۶ǡ
ʵϣЩȫǱɣĿģǰ·ðɱЩˡ
޷ǲԼǰֵ̫Ѫ˼ҲΪжʴȵķɵöһ־塣
ԣǴЩ֮ȫɱʵϣǱܵģûУ޴
ĿĶű־ܻˣÿ˵϶ŹֻǹϵĶ̼ԼõĶ̼ȫ־ûˡ
˵̬ҪԺЩ־ڱץˣҲɳĬޱ飬·Ѿ׼ý
˼ǼϲˣѾĳ˸ˡ
Ȼ˵Ǿȫɱ˰ɣ
˼»㾶߻
Ҳ˵ʲôż־˻֣߹𳤵˵ĨЩ˵Ĳӡ
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׼ʵ¸ʲôôЩΪ֮˴۾
˼ԼķˣæҪҪһ⣬òʵһ¡
ɣϲǹȥǸϣߣóʲô֤ݣ֤ʵµİ·ɱˣţȻʲôǱֻп쵶նˡ
ţ֧뷨
˼ӯӯһЦ
ȴǽǼʵº޵˹ɱŮڿӦðҲһɱˣΪֽԭҲֻϲڡ
ƫƫڵĶ
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460 

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461 ĸ

Ҳˣ˺ƺƵ̤ɹĹ磬һȺʢװеĶʹϷˡ
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˼ۼ⣬һ۱Ƽ˳Ĭ
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֪ԼǸ˼ЦΪĻӭأ
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462 ²

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463 һǧ

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464 ס

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465 峡

ңѳҲˣʳĲҲ⣬Ϊβڰзŵأ
ι͹ǲ֪ʲô˲ݸǮ˲ųԵ⣬ʲôҲûСͱȷӵۡزˣЩȫҪȥԭ߾ϣļ۸񶼿쳬ƽˡǻ˵ʲôͣԭҲˡԾ͡
Ҳ̾ʾ˼ǳԵЩǾ¥õķˡ
˼ȻҲ˵ʲôΪҵĻҪĦҲжα
ǳһѵĳԹ緹˼ʹߴӭӵĶ飬ЩǵǣȲҪɹ̸ˡ
漴һֺƺƵļǰС
˼ʱʱɳɵüͷ
էһĩٲŻеӣĴߣԡ
˰գʱ򣬳˼ŽǵĴš
ò˵ΧΧǽ޽ıȵ۶ǵΧǽҪ׳ΰһʱ䣬˼Ժܳһ۵㡣
ԽƶĵطԽЩǮˡ
ŵĽʿɹĬڶף˹Ĺ˹˽Ŵ򿪡
˼뺮ʻڣ˳ڣ˼һֻص۶ǵĴ
￴۶ûʲô𣬷ĽֵˮСؽֽʲôĵе㲻š
סˣضɹǮȨ˰ɣ
˼̲ס˵
һԼӣԼˮ֮Уǻ֮
˼ɹƭͶԺܾûټɹһڴ
Ҳô˵Ͼǻûмˡ
뵱ɹԭү뾭ѵ˱˵ľĲ˵͵˵ļ磬ٸһλᣬ϶Ͻĵ·
û˵ǰ
ӭǰǳĬɹһ֮£֮ϵıʦǰɹʹ־ֱΪǷˡ
ֻǳ·硢Сȫ档
Ϊˣ˼ʮֲģ涣ͳ졢Сؿó·磬¡УͳܺЩ־ҲصصϰףĪҪ¡
ģСһɺ
ͳ칰˹֣ȴζӳ¡
벻һССͳ죬εıίԴΡ
ɴ˿ɼںлһֵġ
Ͳ˵ˣҪ˭˺뺮ˡ
лᣬһϵ·˻죬˵ţ
Ϊֻܿǰ;
˼Ҫתǲͷһ۳·硣
Сӻһ㣬Ҫ˱˵ĹңͲ֪ˡ
Ӵ֪ˣ֪ˣСùôѧıﻹ¡
·һͷı顣
˼ҧҧһСӣջ
»ص˼Щҵķ˿еʵСӴˣʲô͸ʲô˻ǿš
㰡⻰ɱС˵ȻĻᷭ졣
˼εҡҡͷ
һԶҪڰ¶
˻һ˵ӻãö
˼һ·ҲֻеȽӡӲŻʵͣ˼ֻܽڳ·ˡ
֮һ뵽ֶͷͷۣÿγԶţҲһλڣκζԷÿƺ취š
룬ԽԽ˼㽫΢紵
ʱһԻ͵Ĺͣ¡
˼뺮һ
ͣڴ˵أ̧ͷפ˰ΣŽǴĸ֣һɲ·ص˵۶ǡ
벻ɹǸɵˡ
˼ΪԷףû뵽ټԭĻ
ǰĿ϶ȥˣϧҲزȥˡ
˵һ䡣
˾ͱĬһֵ̬ӭ˽Ǵ
˿̣Ǵ֮һֻйһ֮ϡ
˼̧ۿһ겻Ѿ˰׷沿ҲԵúǲϣɹүǸͷӡ
˼ڴԼϵĹЦһɩĪǾͷӡ
ᣬӢ˲ֵ׳꣬һͷأ
˼һЦû뵽Էһ۱͸˼
ԼΪϣҲûзϻޣ˵ǡ
ɹĳǳƺΪ߹ɣ˼Ƭ̣ƳǴҲӣԼȥ¡
-

466 ֮

廹Ǻ͹ȥһһҲû䰡
Ҳ¸̨
ž־Ҳһӣ˼˵ķһ˵һǵ״档
˼û뵽ҲɹӱıȹȥүҪãһ㵹ѵá
Ҫԭ̸ͣ滹Ǽٰ
һԵĺ˵ֱӿżɽ
ҲһЦ̸Ǽ٣λأҲΪ˸޻Щ޻ͬƲ
⻰Ȼϳ˼ʹ뿪ʹ
ⲻ֪Ǹһǰͱɹ־ŰΧ
ɩԶϢߣ˳ΪƲɩҽߣҽģŻɩǲῴԼ޹ڷ
˵仰ҲڹŮĲ뿪˽Ǵ
˼뺮ҲЩ־뵽ƫϢ
˽ƫ־ĽƫķԼǷΧ
˼üеϡ
ߣСǸ
߬ȭͷ޲ھͳȥЩ־ɱˡ
˼ЦĪ˿Ⱥ̸ҪҪ
˼˼ʲô֪լʺԼʾá
ƫƫһ㣬úһ
ˡ
ĩˣŸ˴졣
˼
Ŵⱻƿ߽ʮŮÿ˵϶һʣ֮ϷɵģܵģˮεĶ׼ȫ
Ȼ˼ȴһθҲûС
Ůǽ˷źãûҪߵ˼
˼̧ͷʵôˣ𣿡
ūǿΪǼвˡơ޳̡
Ůһһ˵Լó顣
˼ЦˣǶȥɣĻǻ᲻˼Եġ
Ů໥˼ֻۣ˼뺮Ľ
ЩȫɹϰףֻԶ˲ܹĴȻȴǲмһˣǲʶ̧١
󣬹ŮҲֻ˵
Ůߺ󣬺£ȸԼһƣת־Ҫȥϵ⡣
˼״ĵԷĿӡ
ԣҽ
˼źҩռ䣬ʱ򻹴˹Ůķˡ
:ô?
Щʣ϶ǵĶһЩܹ䣬Բá
˵ţ˼һĶЩƷϣţ˼ϵĶͿʼĻеŮѱȾѱȾ
֪ͣ˵ʲô
ϰ֮ˣܹܵЩûжģ˵Уš
ԼķЩ£˼ָųλ˵ԸǵķǻǲҪˡ
ãֻǱǺɻЩ˲ж
˼Ц㿴Ҳδ˥֢֮ͷҲϡ衣־ɫҲܾʲôЩԼǿģҲΨЩԭóߡһеԴɹǰɵġ
˼ĵ뺮ʲôǣʲôʯ涼뺮ˡ
ֻ˼
Ϊ֮ʲôûУⲻ֪ĵطǺһ򣬶ǵǿ
˼ĻֻһС֣ٶĳ˼Ҳûнʱ졣
֮ܶ˷Σ
Ҳ˵˵صءˮԴţ򶼱ȾˣǵĺԼպֲ䡣
ţ˵ô࣬ˡ
˼ЦһģԺҲҪ˵ִĿѧ֪ʶˡ
ҪǶԷķǰ֮˸ˡ
νģҲǸԼӵˣֵģҲһΡ
Լҷ극˼򵥳˺󣬱ѹŮķͳͳҽͰ
˼Ϊ˻ǲģ·Ⱦҩռ䣬ҩռ佫Щ͵֮
ȾԴ˵أٶһʲô
ϵʱ򣬹ŮٴƫһӲӣ漴ֽһһʢ
˼ĿŹŮ뿪ߺ뺮ʼʩ
˽죬ڵϣҲһͨͨ·ˡ
⼸գɩɳԵϰߣסϰߣ
ˣԵõסĶǼá
˼һЦЦҲУȴôĴۡ
ĽɩഺһͷӣеڵǸˡ
ˣҲֻƬ
ˣôȴЩ˵ν֮֡
-

467 ˥֢֮

ĿǣҲЭˣգˣȻٻصԭ
˼ͷһԼķԷ۾գһ£ֹסĿϲ
ϣˣǾΪϰɣ
á
ϲ⣬֪˼Ϊһҽ߲ܼȡ
Ϊ˼Ʋһص㣬ǾǲţûϺһڹŮ־
ΪڵطҲ߳ƫ
˿̣ƫ֮оʣ³˼Ҳ
¡
š
Ҳֻһİʲôӳ˼ģֵַ˴ϡ
˼߽Ҳһ죬һó
ĵ𾢶ʱ򣬳˼ͻȻҲֻһǻ˹ȥ
˼Ҳҩռ䣬һϵм󣬳˼һëȻ顣
ǾҲڳ˥̬֮չ˥ϵٶҪ˻Ҫ졣
ô˵һҪһͷӣǾҪʮĲɣĥ¡
ҲֻҪ̶ʮأܳΪһͷԽ󣬻ѷ
ԭģֻһǱҲɹĸַ䣬ŵ˵ԵķҲз䡣
ʹѪҺϸ˱죬жϻ
ΨһƷʽǣȻÿԿĴˣô壬ͬʱ仹Ҫô޸ҩҪϡ
˼ΪҲ壬ʹ뿪ҩռ䡣
ҲٴԼĻҲڣȴ˯ˡ
˼޸ղ̫ˣȻ˯ˣɩٽżɣ
ҲЩ˼
˼˰֡Ѿˡ
Ŷ𣿡
Ҳ˵ҽأڿԼɩıЩ󣬲ɵһĭ
ǲǺصĲ
ţأΨǾٹǨ㷽
ҡǡ
ҲˣɩǱˣʲô˼
˼ЩΣֻóźͶȥĿ⡣
ǳ˼˵ֱףֱԵءﶼһжʣǶǰЩʯģǣ˶ϵʮֿ죬Ҫ˶ãͲʲôνɹˡ
ⲻܣ̲޵ɹ
ҲͻȻŭ˿ֻһ뷨ǾɱǰһһŮ
һֺʣ̲ɹһǧ
˼֪ˣǲĿڵҪǲţһЩǲļѼȸһЩԭһ¶Աȣһӭж⡣
ã޹һء
Ҳȥ
պҲһȺ־ƺƵĽƫ
ǰŵǹŮվ֮ࡣ
һŵĹŮõǲ󣬵ڶõԭ
˼˹ǣҺ֮ǰȻ޷ˡ
λһǵǲǴ⡣۾ɫһ̲֫һ֫١
˼һϯС쳹ƫ
˻һһŵĹŮǶʱŵûʧɫ
õֻȻȡ
õֻѼȻһɫ۾
ҡõ㳤ͷ
ȵŮǱһǵڳ˶޷ˡ
˼ȴõڶŵĹŮԭ
ǵ⣬ǰֻݡ
ɡҲ˵ʲôⰡ޵ɹ⣬ʹЩ֫
ҲһĭıѾɾԼǶԵģǴġ
Ǻãټɹʮʮꡢʮ굽ʮꡢʮһ굽ʮ˺ŮȺÿָʮˡ
Ҳ˼Ҫʲô¶Ѿ˱뷨
ֻӲͷƤ˼ҪҵȺ˻ʹĹ㳡ϡ
˼תҲϣһ͡
˼ָһСҲ¡
Ҳۣ˵ʮꡣ
Сѣ߻ˣ
ػϣҽʮꡣ
һʮ׵Ҳγѡ
أ
Ҳһϵˣһͷʵ
ػϣҽʮꡣ
ʲô
Ҳٴ־֮Уԭ˥֢˲
ƾôһССŷ
˼ͿҲһɵˣɹúͳһ£ɹжٵ˥֢ˣڴ˶졣
ߡ
ҲһЩӵĻصԼ޹
һ˫߬ÿ֨죬ҿѺûûˡ
-

468 ٹǨ

˼Լҷ鲻ãֳһ¶ԷģҪٲţǾ뿪Ҳס
˼ҩռ䣬⽫Ƕ־ͰͳͳŪȻװҩռֱӿ뿪ɹǡ
˲Ϣ׵ɹҲץסǡ
ڻʹ֮дһ¡
ڳ˼ҲҪʱҲҵǡ
˿̵Ҳݾ֣˼󣬾Ͳ¹ͷˡ
ˣɹ˥֢˲һʣµЩǸճĺӻµĺǽġ
ǻˡ
ˣŵĿڷķ
ܺãҾͲĨˡʵǸԭȻŻҵһõطƼǡ
ǣ˼ͽɹ֮֮ء
Ȼ޳֮أֻоķʽܽ޳ǡ
ҪЩס֮أôסǶԣνޱȵİȫ
һ޳ǵץʲô˵޳ˣҲҪˡ
ʱɹȫǨȥϾһҵǨ㣬֮Ʊػᴦڡ
Ǹʱ޳ǵ˾͵üβˣ
Ϊ˼һֱã޳ǵƺЩһҪȻΪλҪͨܵķʽ˴ȥ޳ǡ
ԣЩ˰ᵽһһݵĺ÷ӡ
˼Ҳʱһš
Ҳʱüʱ̾Ϣ˴ʡ
ɩ˵а취ý߲ţ֮

˼Ҳ˴߲˵飬Ϊһݣ˼ɴһҲ̸һֽֽд˴߲ģ˴Ĵӡ
ûʲôνϱĤģ˼뵽ë̺
ë̺ÿÿУһЩֵǮĶ
ֻɹë̺òˣΪҲз䡣
ܵ˵֮أҪܵĿֶȥ
󣬳˼޷ʮȫʮ㿴˶ʱδ˵ĺ
֮Ұ𣿡
ûУֳëţʺܲڣʮʱɱһͷ
ţ
˼ľ÷ͣԺѾһëţڱѩߵӰ
ôЩ̤֮أЩţѾĳˡ
ʱ˼ֻҪٸһЩ߲ӣٸ֮סһӣһлָҲܷˡ
ţҲɱҪѱȦһܵõƣö֮ţҲˮͿһȡ֮֮
˼ĺΰͼ˵ҲĶѣ޲ھͰ֮ء
ɾʱ˼һתᵽ޳ǡ
Ҳ˶Щġ㡭Ҳ֪ط
˼뺮죬Ǹ֪Ҳ޳ǵ飬޷һ¶۹Զһ㣬б޳ǣԭ⣬ԭ޳Ǳһֻ
ôҲ֪
ӣҲһֿ
Щץ޵ĲֻǺ֪ιְǷ˳˵ϵ̫죬󡣡
Ҳ
˼ȴһûסЦһǼǶ޳ǵˣ˼Ҳεġ
˼û뵽ϵĿ죬޳Ҳһ
޳ǵĴ˵Ҳƺ֪ıȳ˼ͺҪࡣ
ͨҲ̸˸֪һ飬ǾҲ֪޳ǵʱĿԼҰıתˡ
֮޳ĵط˼ôһϵĿǨ㵽㲻ش޳ǣҲܹһˡ
ΪЩҪ볹װ˥֢֮Ҫ´
ϾеѾˣ˵طܻعⷵա
´˼뺮Ѿ޳ס˼ʮꡣ
Ǹʱ˭Ҳٴ֮˵⡣
ºԭ۶ǽǴ֮ϡ
Ͽվŵĺ뺮ԼС֪á
ãϲſڡ塢ɩǴ˴ȥɹǽǵĹǨ֮أһƴĹ̡޳ʮЭɹǿΣ
ԡ
˼סЦ
Ͽǽ˺޲ѽ˻ɹʱ쵣˼Ҫɹǿ鶾أֺЭɹٹǨ㡣
ǻϰķģǻ޳ǣ޳õһʲôϾĸأ
Щæ󣬻ס֮أ䵱صİ̽
Ͼԭȱˣò˵ʵ
ǻϻҪɹ𣿡
ҪҪǸطưɣ
ϺһЦЦڳ˼Уǵó˼޲óȥϱһ٣ʵ̫Ҫˡ
-

469 

ԭ꣬ɹٹǨɹ㳤˾ס֮أΪңԶĹҡ
ԭҲ޵죬ʵĳǿ
ڳ˼뺮˵ڰɹɹǨͲˡ
ԭʵ¹ʥּȫµʿѰԼĻɩ޼¡
֪˲࣬Сһ˼ĵҲΨ֪˼뺮ڱչ
ȥĵطʵҩռ䡣
У˳˷ڳһ¿»·֮⣬ʣµʱ䶼ҩռ֮УǴͥҲǼټԼĵó¼Ҳ֪ˣΪʧˡ
»·Цĺϲ£죬֪û£Ҳͳ顣
ȻһգŸƻԺܵĴһܣһ߳С̫ͷץңץ
ˣĿš
ͥ
ûעǰ·һ˫ֽ
ֵŤͷһſɰСӭһԼòŰ˳ϡ
˵˭

Ѫ
⺢Ӱҹ˯ϲ߱ӣÿǱӣ˵ټ͵͵ĳ
֮ôΪ뺮˺ڱչأһ߻ħȥ޷еĺ书һʼϰͲͣ£ھء
ڣ˾ѽ뺮˵ھء
£´޳ǵʱ̡
˻һֿۣһԵͥ
ͥȻ֪ĵȥһֱָоĵߡ
ͥ벻һ벻ȥһĵط
룬ͥζ롣
ͥɹɣѾˣٶͱԼˡ
˼һ㽫ǰдõͨӿ۳ıԼķ䡣
ͥŴͣЩһֱ䣬ҪԼĵܵܣȻԼʩչ书һҪǿ
˼·𿴳ͥ뷨ͥԺʹǸطղʩչ书㻹Ҫලܵһϰ
ͥͷ㣬˼߹ȥͥСִź봳һǽҩռ䡣
ȳ»·ܳʱ򣬳·Ŵŵķʹ顣
⺢ӣʲô˻Ҫܣܾˣȫˡ
ϣףܱȵù˼ҵ˵޶ϲǰɣ
ؼôТ˳һ첻ߣǳԲҲ˯Ű
·˴һʼ˺ޡ
ܳ˼֪ǺģһǣңʲôҲˡ
뵱һ֮ܣװһأԣЩ˻ʱҪá
ãԼүү̵һСүǣΪСùôõܶп޺ɵó˳ǡ
̣ҲСĸΰ
㡭ǡ
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ϸ£Ǽ͵͵ۡ͵үүʮƽҲأԼţҲǡ
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ıŮϷǮЩ޲͵ǲǵĵָʹġ
ʵ͵ǮȫЩСүԼľΪǵͲǮ
Ҳû취ˣ뵽Լүү̡
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̣ҸǲһıŮ
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лл̣ˡ
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˵ѾͷƬӿƣ͵Ǯ⣬ַϴԼʵ̫ɶˡ
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ʱ䲻ܹյ·һ
˵Сùȥ޳ǡ
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᪵Ŀ˶Գ˼ͺѾݵһ硣
ҪҲȥ޳ǰɣ
У˵ˣǱҪؼھزſȥ޳ǣȻҲȥ
С˰
С죬߰ߵǰˣ˺뺮ʣܽȥ޳ǣǿҪˡ
һ㣬С˵Ĳ޳صĺܣȥ֮Ҳδܽȥ޳ǣǰŮ޳ǡ
·֪ܣʶ߽СһĵСҪָҰ
İɣһȫȨָǡ
СһθоԼļֵ
Ҳҩռźѧϰƺͺڼ亮ͣøַʣĿǰ书Ҳ˵ھء
ҲǷˣ֮ʱΪӦһ£ǾǰһĽ㡣
ǰ¼һѧƺͺһɣЩС뷨ȥ޳ǴһһӴԭȢӣСûж룬ֻŰպķԸЩСɸٻ޳ǡ
뿪ԭؽĺ뺮˿Ѿͨ͵ԭʿĴִ޳ǡ
ڴͥǴҩռ޾ķˣ
磬ôɫİ
˵Ĵڲݵϣһ˫ֺСָɫʵ
ͥҲץץͷǿ͵ܵܣҩռ䣬ԳһС粻ͬ
ʲôҩռ䣿
һ汦ı顣
ֻͥͷۣڲ˵ˣȻܵܿɰҲãʵܲ˵ܵܵʮΪʲôǱ㽫дؼ˳
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ʶ֣Ǹ֮ţӵ书ؼҲǲڻ¡
ڴͥų˼뺮
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Ӱҩռ䣬ϵǳԷ
ڶὫ緹緹ǰãͥʱ㽫ȣ͵ܵһԷ
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Ҫ֪һǲкģ˴ѲҲʵѵãǲûиˣʱҲǶԱ˵һֹذ
˼֣߬һ˫ĿͶ޳ǳסĵط
޳ǳˣǿʵѹˣ˵ʲôҲ˳һᱻǷ޶ֳּ졣
Դ˵޳ǣ֪뺮ϵ书Ǻ޶˴޵֣Ψܸ޳ǳ
Ҫǳ˼йӳֵҩռ޳ǳһǶˡ
˵ֽΪ޳ǵͨҲǹġ
޳ǳŴǰкܶ˶γʶ޳ǳ˲֮ʿ
˼뺮ԸΪṩӻ
Ҳˣ˲ɢ
ǻȥϰôˣ
á
һԼӵ֣Ǿͻ¶ȸЦݡ
Ǿûʲôڳ˼ҩռʱ˵ʲôʱŮ
Ůúڲʣǳɹһ˵ɣ
˼˵ķƵ
߾ޱȣνҰĲϲĿζ
ܿ죬˱صҩռ䡣
Դ뿪ɹҲԼүݡ
ǵϴԼ޳ǵһҿջԷԳһ䱾Щ鷳
Դӷ£ͲԼүˡ
Ϊ޳൱У֪жץסȻܵ޳ǳǰ
ԣү޳ǲãɱ֮
ܵܣ˵ʲôʱǼҪǵָ
ˣ㿴
СָŲԶһŮ˫֮иֳǰδеϲɫ

ͥ𴳶ٳȥ
˼ӱסһ˰һڣǵúһֹסķۡ
кҪŮ֮𡣡
ˣŭɫ
һҲ㳯ŶԷͷ
һζ
˼·֪ԼҶҪ˵ʲô˳ˮ۵أǲǳҲעȥ̻ˡ
˵ţ˼ȥĶ䡣
۵ֱǣȴǶֺ޲ϾĶӣܲܽ˴һٰɣ
˼أСӵһΰǾ˵㣬βǵĵ
-

470 

Һ͵ܵƵʱһ⡣
ͥ浣ĵܵŭ˵֪һˣʱ˵ԼĵΧ
˼ֻɿ֣תͥԴ
ʲô⡣
ͥһԵ˵˳˼̲סզ࣬ԭСһƧ֡
ϰƵʱҲ˹еһλѧʿһ˽⣬֪ǸƧء
˼һתص˼𣿡
ԭ˼
ͥС϶ʱõɡ
Ҳŵ˵ͷֻһų˼е졣
ҪԱܡţɡ
ãֻҪǹԹԵģʲôﶼ
˼ϧڴٶȰһڡ
Сӣ˼һֱÿǷСʱǱʱߣҪ׵ͥչСӣܵ˵пǷ
ͥˣС£ǵĿġ
ó˼ܺһЩƫƫСӣڳԵķһЩ֮⣬
һߣ޳ǳУһŮעǰİǣһ˫
һȺԭķﶼץһָץڵǰüأ
Ѫ
һǰ˵С㣬ǰƷʦ˳ǿ֮⡭
סڣҵǾƷʦƷѡ
ϱӣȴ˵֮⡣
˴ðİһֱӰ쵽޼޳ǵĵλҪ˼ȥ޳Ҫ
ǻ࿴һ۱˴ˣ׷״ӶԷĿ֮жһϢ
ǾСԴŷˣΪƷʦܲײ޳ǵİƷʦΪֹܵƷǵĳ԰һֱھƷ۷壬˵޵£ӦƷҲЩмܲסϾ˼ʤϡ
ãһ񶾵ļƻ
ȥԭץһЩʱǻʵ¸ҵ˵ļˣȻ޳ǣʱ򻹲ǹԹԾͷ
ǣ˵ˣ޳֮ЩﲻܶΥǻήֵġ
ߣҵΪλһﵱŮˣӶ
ֻҪһ뵽ԵЩݺݺһ
-

471 ̸

ʮκǳŮֻ
ºԭ۶Ƿһµ飬ࡢɡ¼رץͬʱǵ˻һԼһš
ϿŻ΢΢ߣ޵ĻͻɩѾ̶ֳȣҪвǣܽץסǾ޵ԭû𣿡
ǻǲӪЩ𣿡
ȣ˾˵ڳǽһԺԾƣıʲô¶ȴޱȵĿġͻɩһֱ޳ǵץˣ޲ǣͻɩʾãȽǵõ޳ǣ޾ͿԽ޳Ҳԭˡʱ޳ǵһжޣ˵޻ܳɾǧŰҵأ
˵ţ˫֮бǳ̰
һԵĻʺ⻹ʶĻҲ˵޳ǵʷжƾãƾ˼ҵʵһСҲܽԭνĸִ仨ˮ
ʺ֪һ˾ʮͷţҲأȰ˵ͷ
ֻͻɩļ˽ȥȥ֮˻޴Ϊ
뵽һ㣬ʺҲ˻Ϊλ֧ǵĻͻɩˡ
ͬʱ޳ǳˮ֮УѺͷɢˡ
࣬⵽ʲô˵˵
ô֪
ʵºĵ۾תһԵĴ¼أѾˣɸҧġ
˵ҲҪְǵˣ˲ԲˮȣڿҪʱ뵽мĴ¼ء
˴һˮΣ˫ֱ߸߹֮£ɺͼʵ¾мĴ¼ء
˻һʼ¼˵ʲôҲͬ⣬ٲͬ⣬εеùŶķ졣
¼سʳʵɾͿŴ¼ˮдʮ졣
ʱˮεſˣ߽һһŮ
ʵԼеˣæߺǷңǮҪٶС
ǮǸöȲ
˼Ŀڡ
ʵϤֳı顣
㣬СӰǣʶһͷǣȻһϣ
ʵ£ɲԭҶԳү㻹Ȼˣ˼߰ɣ
ż
˼΢΢
ʵѱҪǲûʰԺûˡ
ʵ¿ɶһ㣬˭֪Ҫڱ˵ϣеϧˡ
˼һ˵ڼʵµϻһӡ
ʵƺҲµ˳˼뷨˫ŭų˼
ֹѪҲ
֪ˣˡ
˼ִһ֪Ķⶫزġ
˼ʲô
ϴγԵĻǿģЩͿ˿ϡ
˼Ц
ѶҲų鴤ϴγԻ棬Ǳ˼ƭˣⲻ֪ǳĻĶ˺þòŻ
ȣǳԾѾˣ˼ȴҪͿڱ˵˿ϣһ룬˾ëȻ
ʵ²֪ʲôǻ棬Ӷ˵ĽУҲ֪

ʵధĴС
˼͸ûһȵͿĨڼʵµ֮ϣɲǼ䣬ˮαһ߹һɱĲҽС
ʱд
˼Ҳܻ䣬żʵµʧӰ١
һһֱԵ̲סľǲˣǲˡ
ֽʲô𣿡
һǰˮεݺݵĵʵ£˻˺һ˫ƯѸת
ˮ˿϶ûԶȥ׷
ǡ
֧ˣµĻʱߣᡣ
Ϊʲô˲û뵽һ޳ǣҪɱڣ˵˵㻹ʲôûнģҪǲ˵Ҿֱȥ
𷽲ų˼ĽѵǰŮ˵ĿΪ¡
ʵһҪ˵˼ļͥԱԼסַһӰȻڼʵµ󣬽ţʵ±ҡ
ѪĭһǵᾪС
ôܣôܣ书Ҳӡ
ں˺ðβŽס
ͻȻ䣬뵽ʲôָǸɵҲ
δὫ˵꣬ҲѪĭ
һΣ˼ƺǹģΪľᾯ棬ҪС³
Ҳܲסţֱ˹ȥ
޳ǳɽҲ֪飬첽ߵķ䡣
ոϣڵõһ˿οϾǿʮֿµĳ档
ⲻ֪ɽһ䣬һƳ˹ȥ
һƼֱӷɳţʶ̧ͷŵĶǰŵˡ
ҡ
ôˣ֪֪޳ã޳Ĺأ֪ΪʲôĹ𣿡
Ѿȫɵˣ˻ڱκͲ״̬
ɽѪ˵:Ϊǰн޳ǣǵһָҵҷԭǣҵԭͨ˿սʹôضȾѪɫͿ̿տ಻ԡΪִߣеô뷢޳֮ͨսôҲҷ𣿵ҵһ֮´󣬹ʲ޼ڣҪȻ޼Ѳڡ
ǵΪλ˽°ͨ˵ˣŮˡ
ִֵĿɽ
ɽЩͷ۵̫ѨֻҪɱǾ޷񡣡
°ͨˣҲûɱǣҿǸŮ˵ˮΣɱͨˡԣⱨӦҪҲὫͨϡ
޼˳˼
ɽļһôڲ˵һ֣ǿˣǼȻ޳ǣѧϰ޳ǵ书֤ͨˣˣջҵͷϡ
ɽһĭ֪黹Σ᷿뿪ʱȶġ
ﲻЩһ󣬾Ͱȫ˳˼ϡ
صҩռĳ˼أڻ뷽ɱ顣
ˡ
ţˣֻӦðǸҲɱ¶⡣
֪һŮҪʲô𣿡
˼ͻȻĿԼķ
Ƿ֣ԼүԳƺԽĴˡ
ʲô
ࡣ
˼ٶһ񶾵ļƻ
ȻƺˣôΪ޳Ǽˣԣǲ෹̸ʡ
-

472 ʳ

ضƻʮֿãͬʱҲĿһ۳˼ƺԼԼθڡ
ʱ˾ԽԷԽǵű
ͺñˣԼиĳ޷졣
һΣԼӣһᣬúһƣˣҲ޳ӵвƵ
ҹڣ͵˫ۣĺӶͷȻ䡣
˼һֻϸֲĸסĿڵǸΡ
̫ʵʶƿԼıӣԼһĲ㰲
磬Ὣ緹аǰܱ
С㣬кϢ
Ϣ
᲻ΪȻĶյ
һЦƤЦĴǰ˵С㣬ûлϢ
û𣿡
΢΢һ㶣ĪǽǸƵգʱİܴһϢһϢ쵹̫߳ˡ
˵
Цһ˫ÿ۾ֳһ֮ɫ
ǰǳ˼ҩЩʲô￴ˣųֹⳡˡ
ƫƫⰵ֪ܣȻϲ
޳ǵĴС㣬˵̳޳ǣһһ롣
ֻĿǰҪӵһΪԼ¶ˣʵס
һ뼰ˣһͨ
̽ǳ˼һʳӳԷӡ
ߣСӻǺС
ü䣬һײĶĿһ
ָǰİ˵ЩƷʦСһȥʳӡ
ǡ
ҲԾԾԣǳ˼ҲĲƷʦ
һɻǾǳ˼ڳԶʳӣΪγûκζ
˼ȥ벻ףɴſȥС㽻飬ץס˼˵һ󹦡
Ȼ˶ۼҲǸ˹
С㣬Σյģ㲻Ҫȥ
Ҷ壬סݣҪԽǡ
ƳһҶİһᷳ
Ҷһ˫ȭͷ߬£Ҫ췹Ҫٷܶʮˡ
һΪɽŮ׸ģ޳Ҳͷ
ֻԸΥ治֪ʲôʱĻᡣ
Ҷ˼ţһ˫۾ʱʱϵῴȥ
Ҳע⵽һȵĿ⣬Ȼ̣ĵҲ⣬ǿЦ
ʱԷĳ˼һȺ˿ɱӿһĨЦ⡣
ķŸ˴߿ǰҶָų˼ŭҹʳӳԷǲҪǰɣ
ϧľ
˼еĿһġ
ʵԷǸͷΪҲǸõᡣ
Ȼô뿪أС˲ϣ㣬жԶ߶Զ
˼⻰ʱˡ
ȷӦ˼̲סЦģ޳ǳŮȻϲи֮򣬻Ӹ׵ˣҾ㣬ΪŮǲǾԼȳǽ񡣡
㣬Ȼӣֱ
Ķų˼⿿Ŀ⣬ѾнŮɱһ顣
ҶϲᣬȻԼ䲻ϣԼһֱŬ
ȴϲмˣǸ˲ֻг˼
ô˼ͱ
Ψг˼ˣǸ˲Ż᳹׾ѣӿܱɲܡ
˼µĴԼվŵҶ壬Ȼ˶ϲϡ
˼²͸ǵ˼ȴҲǵ뷨һ߰˰ˡ
¹˭δ֪ỹɴһ㣬Ҫī
˼һӣ˺ʱʵУڣȻԼ뿪ԼˣⲻЦ
С㣬һСӡ
ҶƾƷʦʵһ˳˼ǰ
˼˳ǣģȻϲðɣ̫أ˵ĿζҲ졣
Ҷ˫ֳȭų˼žһ
˼ż㣬ٶˡ
Ҷȥȭ罫˼һδԶٵķһ𣬸ҡ
˿̣ڵľҲͬŮɢһ㣬ĭӵɣһЩɵͷϡ
ǳŭѾͷϵľ²ĩ
˼δУǰֻƷĴʦ޳ǣҲһһĸˡ
-

473 ˭

һƷȴǶȥѵǼٵİƷ
ҶδռϷ磬̿ʼ
˼ֻǼװɫţĿѣҶİϲᣬҪǰǸˣǾͲˡ
ҲƲҶ壬ҪҶļƻóѣҪһֻӬ
ԣֻܶ㡣
ҶڵĵĲˣ˼ڣһƿ֪ʲôĩ˾˹ȥ
ڳ˼ĩʱ򣬴Щĩĺܳףڳÿ˶մȾĩ
º󣬳˼֣ٿʱĿжһݼЦ
Ҷ廹ֻ
һͬǰĻǣҪҶһ㣬ܡ
һŮˣ˶
ʱҶᣬһƷȫų˼˹
˼ϧĿһᡰֻΰˡ
˼䣬ӳһƣǰƷкûüǻ˷ɻҡ
󾪣С৵һ¾Ͱˣκҩӣ˿̾Ҳżġ
ôܣǿȫƷʦ
Ʒôˣѵ֪һƷͶƷ֮һصľ롣
˵ţ˼Ŷ߽
˫ѾʼԺᣬһѣֵĿ˼ɱңɱҡ
ɱʲôϾСĽ㣬ҿǴӦæúýѵһ㡣СˣһƣŮݸ߹󣬻ǸŮݸ߹󡣡
˼Ц
ƼҶѾʼץȥʱ򣬱㽫һơ
˿̣ڰѾۼ˲ˣЩȫķϵĻ顣
޳Ǻ󣬳˼ҲûǷչá
ʲô޳ǱȽϳĵ̡ҩ̶ǳ˼µĲҵ
˵ˣÿ춼ҪĵΪ㣬ҲΪˣɽŶԳ˼Էһ̡
˷չû˱Ϊ޳ǴһĿζûʹڣ뽫¸λ
ɽĿǰ˼سֽΪԷɶ񣬵˴ӲǷ˰ÿ˰˵ģȵ޳ʮ֮һ˰ա
ɽԣȫġ
ֻҪǱսԼ̺ƽദ
Ҳɽ̫ƺˣһĴŮ
񣬳˼ҩԼӣи꣬Ͳܿ޳ˡ
չڣ˲ٺ顣
ЩУƷʦġʵڳĴ塣
ȫ˼ؽ˺Ҽһ㣬Ǯ׬ɵ
ңҪ׿죬ĵرֵҩٲˡ
Щͼǧƽ˵岻ȱǮ˭Ҳסмӵ󰡣
û취ֻܸų˼ش̡
һ׬Ǯã׬Ǯĵر͵ҩνһ˫ĺ¡
ԣЩϷ˵ʲôҲ
ֻǸʲô
ϣⲻǳŮ𣿡
ǰȻһڳԷĵطҡ
û뵽Ů˹ﾹȻӣǽ˴۾

˼˿˵ۣȻĴȺߵʳӵ档
ҲǼװʧ͸û˼һ
˼ʾЩ⡣
ڳ۵ɽͻȻһ磬һԵĴæþɽĴǡ
ү㡣
ôãû뵽ȻһСС۴ܡ˵˼ط򸾣ҪҲѣǵˣ˵Ǹжá
ɲզΡ
ϼۡ
ŴҪȥ˼ҩҩԴ˼ҩݡ
صǣٿүȻһ˲١
ϲ̵ĳۣٳԣûǳȥ
ɾʱһ
˳
ɽһģŭ£
ǴС㣬ʳӡ
ôִˣǸ˼ɣ
ɽŵҪǳ˼Ʒʵȴǹĺܣڳ˼ԹͷҪŮ֪ܵ˼ǰ˵Ѿˡ
ɽ룬Ȼһ仰ȴ˼ʯ
ǣǴСҶʳˡ
⻤Ļ̶ޣ˰ֻ뵽ʡ
ɽɫ˲ж֪¶
ϾҪ޳ˣСҶ廹ŴˣŲ֪˵桭
ˣŮŮ
ɽһѪں䣬Ͳû³ˡ
ĵ²ÿԼŮûõġ
߬ȭͷĿǻ飬úòһ˭֡
-

474 ʿ

ϾãҶСӾǸʮӣҲҶŮϾֻһһѣ϶бԭ
ɽȴô룬ܹΣѾ˶֡
£޳ǵ˶֪ɽĴŮᣬ֮ŮˣƾʲôЩ޼ҵĴ
ȥ֪ŮҰȻֱӶˮΡ
ɽָһ߿
æǣתߡ
ϰŮУȻɽͷϣҲҪΪŮһ
үŮҲܺߣҪץסĻֲǰ
Ļ֣ˣڻ͸𣿷Ű˵ˣǵŮȥǳ˼һƷĴʦȥҲ磬˲ٲ˵Լ˽ȥ
ʲôȻ顣
ϾȲѡ
һ뵽ԼŮ׾ôûˣ˫֮иֳһĨݶ֮ɫ
ү㵹취ץסǸ˼ΪŮ׸𰡣
ʲôŮ˻ø𣿵ǸҶ壬ߣҲҪֻҪ
»ɽ˳ȥ
ɽԶȥӰڸŤΡ
ŮһʲôҲˣܺã㲻֣Լ֡
ϸų˷䣬޼ҵĺԺ
Ժһ޼ҵĽأ˼˭Ҳܿ
ΪŮϽֻӲͷƤԺˡ
ںԺΪλΪأ֪˲࣬ΪĸȻ֪ġ
ںԺʮƷ۷ʿ޼רģԷ޼⵽ֶ֮ڡ
ϾãֻҪʿȫɳȥץס˼أɱ
һأķһ֮УʵǸʱķӦýʿó
κķһֱ˵ʿ޼ҵơй¶޼ֻаٺһ
Ҫ֪ʿҲȱģǲǻˣҲˣֻҪɱ˵Ļǰһ飬Ϊ޼¡
Ʒʦʿȫڻ¡
ԺſڵĻߡ
ˣǽأ
˵㣬˵ѽ
ȻǴ˵㡣
Կһۡ
ĺֶΣ޼˭˲֪
˽¸е˶˵޼ұǳڵңʵ޼ҴСС鶼ϡ
,ÿ첻ǳԺ֣֮ʲôҲ١
ԣԺʱеĹҲ׵Ժ
ǻÿ
ŭĿˡ
Ϊ·
ҫĴ߹˳Զһ̲סһϵ֬ˮϢŨ治֪ܵġ
⻰ɱϹ˵ҪǸˣ˭Ҳ
˿̵Ѿһ֮Уվźˡ
ʣЩ˾޼ҵʿˡ
ʱҲ֪ﴵһа磬ʿͷϵĺڲĺҶһĭѾ׼õĻ˳
λ޼ˣŻҰ
Ͻſһ߲֣һ߽ݵʿǰ
ÿһʿһ󣬲ʿŲļϹܳҡ
ûһһӰ֮зɴܶٶȿ쵽϶塣
ȻǾƷ۷Ĵʦĸһǳ˼ز
ϴǹһĨЦ˵ʵڵģѾȲҪ˼޼ҵʿ׾ٵĴˡ
ͬʱҶҲѾɽȥץˮ֮С
ɽˮԼŮ㱻˫۾ҶʱĶҪըˡ
ᣬŮ֪
ôﰡ
ʵ˫֮ȫ糺죬ʹ˿ġ
ŮɽһҲ
תһʵСô˵
˵
˵Щ˵֨֨ˡ
һ˵ҩ̫Եû죬С޷ָġ
ʲô¶
ɽһѰ˼βȥҳ˼ҪһҩպٴԭץƯŮӵʱ򣬾͸ҩ
ֻΪȻĿŵҪΪԼŮһʱûҪ
ˣҪǮҪָҩƬ
Ҳ˼ԲȣŮ˵׾ͻףٶЩ
ɽܻڣҲǸϲˡ
ԣһˣ֣ܲͲ֡
һΣ˼һڻаˣ˺˼Ҳֻܼβˡ
-

475 òȻ

Сͻط䡣
˼ãɽˣϾŮΣ
ǡ
̽˼Ѿߣˮ֮
Ѿǽߣɽһ˫۾ٿȻת䣬ݺݵָҶŪѣʲô취
ǾһƬ̣һһ廨룬ӳ̣һ̵ҲƳ̡
ɽ״ɵüͷŪѣЩ廨
ЦЦֻнɽݺݵıһѡ
廨ǳõĽзʵϣֻһ룬ΪľǱ˵ʵ
廨ĻĸŮ˸롣
ʮָģֻҪ˵ָ⣬ΣֻҪûѡ
һʮָģ
ǡ
ܿ죬ǰһ߬ҶָһǰһƳ̵Ҷָȥ
ָ׷ģɫ󡢻֮еҶ͵˫ۡ

Ҷ庿УʶľͳĻһĳһơ
ڻǶǶƷʦƷİҶ壬ͬѻʯ
˱ҶĵĵɳȥغĹͷѵ졣
ССĻңֱ
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˴֣һԵæԼȥҰ档

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ĬĻԼ̬ȡ
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ԣ˼һЩҪʱ򣬶Э
òȻɽǿȡԭƯŮӣ̰᲻˵һ˾ӵӣˣ˼޲öԷĲ
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476 

˵棬Ůȡֲκˡ
˼鵭Ȼ
ʵ˵ĳ˵Ůи֮򣬰Լķڳ˼ʼû˵ⷬ
ܺãǾҸطһҵʧ
ɽҲֱף˼ҰѻѾˣŮҺģôŰɣ
ôţ϶ǮָĶˡ
˼ЩͷۣӲͷƤɽһһ¥ż䡣
Ϊ˸õ⳥ɽ¥
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ССΪò裬ϹϾ˳ȥŵʱ򻹲żϡ
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˼ߣҪģûмôҪġ
ҲǿȥЦǻ飬սپ
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ɽĿһ۶ˣĵǣĵʾãΪľǺѣŮ¶һʹȻƲɽ
ǾͲҪˣɽ˴֣˫̰֮
ҷ˰ҪһмҩҵŮᣬڶǼ޲ȥˣⱲӿܶҪšһСǮʹִţ챻ͿգЩ˺Ƿҵ飬ȴֳҵ飬ʵǽͷۡУŮҶµҩҲúоһ£Ͼ޳ǳоҩҲС޳ǵķʣЩֶŵ˰һ㡣
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Ҫһмҩôȥؼǵڶ޿̣˵ˣ˼ҽŮ˦ξǳһѡڵ˼Ŀ˲
϶ϲţ۲ݰУǾԶҧ
һƽ͵Ҹ޴СľʧΣ
һƽ𣿡
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˼ʮֱĵĲͷô㻹١
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ɽһҲǾþƽϢ
Щȫڼգǻ˽Щһٵȥ
˵꣬˼ؿ뿪˾¥
ԶɽĵĽֱߵĲһʹ졣
ʵ˼޳ǲûмңǵļҩռ䣬˭ҲȥҲ棬Ҳ˳˼صвƲԼ˼һȫ档
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ףɽˣôƱػ֮λʱ޳ǵ̫ƽʢҲᷢı䡣һѰϵϣϺƽʵɽɶ񣬵ڣļֻʵʵ
˼һˡ
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ҪǻƷԭϵͳΣԼʵ۵ʺˡ
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ģܻ˱ɽʺϵǾ䡣
תס˼С֡
˼ŷƵ¶ȣеһ𽥱ůȡüͷҲչ϶˼Цݡ
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һ۱㿴˳˼˼
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˼һ٣ɵĿءʲôطô֪
ӿǼңһȥģ𣿡
ĵĽͣ³˼ʲô
˼һ飬޳ǵʱ򣬳ԵĵһڷǼţݵ档
Ǹζ
ˣٶȿ㣬Ҫ˼ҴˣҹֻܸĳԱġ
˼һ뿪ҩռ䡣
ʱѾӿԵһô棬˿̾ӿǼͥеţֻмľ롣
ȶǰһɰɱ֮͵
ãǾƷ۷Ĵܡ
üͷĵǳԸҲ¶ɵôЩ֮ͽ
˼ĸ֪Ҫǿһ㣬ЦǾŸƷ۷Ĵʦ
һĭֱʵģɽ벻ڶˡ
ѲǵĲɽ̰ʶɱǡ
תһ룬־©ٳ
ӡȻʿ
˼ǵļ϶˼ҩռ佫˿һͨ͸æҩռߡ
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477 ħ֢

ʿǹȻǿ󣬵˼ҩռ䣬ҲֻܸɵۣΪҪɱˣôǵʧˡ
ҹûԵҲˣǻصҩռЪϢ
ʵϣһ϶û˯š
磬˼һ˫۾Щ΢죬æһëݸ˼
һɣ
˼Щǽӹë۽ǵλòһ¡
ë󣬱˼ص˵ϣͺɽһ
ǺбҪȥһˣ⳥ʱǲҪˡ
˼ĳһ˫ȭͷ߬ס
˼Ǯû֣Űɱˣǲǵġ
Ǹ߳˼¶ɽģһ޼йء
ԣ˱Ҫ㡣
ãʲôҶ֧㡣
˼ǰ鷢
˼һǽյɹгŷĵ뿪ҩռ䡣
磬Ϊʲôٴǳȥ
֪Ƶڲݵش
ͥ˵̫ˣȥֻõﵣĵġ
Ǻðɣ׽Բغòá
͵վһϣĿͥ
ͥһɵϷû취ǸģҪǲŵܵϷֻǵõܵܲģܵܲģͻܶ鷳
һŴߵһô档
Լһִͥңͥס۾ʼŵʱ
һתɴ˴ͥҲԼܣСϲɵ¶ɡ
ʵ֪ͥϣ֮ԲöԷʧȥ׽ԲصȤ
ÿһҲδͲ׽Բء
ǡǡ෴ͥԽҲԽϲ׽Բء
СһҩռĲֺ
˿̣˼Ѿ޼ҡ
Ϊ˱Ƶ鷢˴ʼն֣һһ⣬˼ͻԼķǰҩռ䣬˭Ҳ˺ǡ
ɽΪԼҪĶ޶Ըˣ벻ǣʱֿտա
ӭ˵ɽüͷһӾλʲô˼
˼ҲʲôˣĿĿɽʿ׷ɱǼ˼
ɱǣⲻܰ
ɽ䣬ƺ뵽ʲôһ˸еĺԺ
Ȼˣɵһ
ôˣ
ôǳﻹҪͨ𣿡
ɽŭƿš
ľŸƷ۷ʿȫ˺ɽһЩԵڵء
ƺҲʶأ߽ɽͣؿͷ
һˣʣµ治֪
Ůںδ
һ۱ʾֻǿԺġ
ɽһǻŭ֪ηйǳһĳһƣֻһɴƷɣײǽ֮һϵ
һУƷˡ
漴ɽһڸĴѰҴϣϾ͸ƾʧһ˺ðûҵɽͿʼϵѾ߶֡
˼վڸ⣬漦ɹҲһͨɻ
ʲô£
˼տڣһ˾ʹӳз˳Ȼصĵڵϡ
˼æȥȴһλƷѾߡ
ˤ˼׵ֻʣһ
ô£˭㣿
ǳˣһ㵽ɱˡ
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ǽȥɣ
ؼɽһɱ˵̬Žȥ󣬺úõķһɽ
˼ͷ漴ĿһеĽ˳
ɽɱˣһ˫۾ͨ죬ˡ
ɵǣҲڣ˿̵类˷ڻϿͣضŽŴ󺰡𣿡
ɽһ٣ָأȥˣ
˵ţɽҪĲӡ
ֻһѹϮŵֱӶڵء
Ů㲻ϵ𣿡
὿εεĴޡ
ʵޣؼˣòޡ
˼ܿЩ˵ᣬ˷ħ֢ٲߣпܰҲɱˡ
Ųų˼˵Ļһ۳˼˵Сʲôʱƫƫʱҵпܾ㶯ֽš
˼ҪըˣȥŮһţκԼķһֱ֣Ҫǰ
һ̣ĲһסǴӵ
ȥ
ɽȫѪ죬ŵô
Ҳ֪Ů
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478 

СӣˣҴС
˵ţɽһᱻŵĲ͵սС֮Ѹٸֳ԰֮ɫ
ţĿͶء
ÿʹԹĿ˼
˼ͻȻãҪôˣǵöȤ
ҪŮˣöԷףʲôŮ˵ĺʲôǱ˵ķ򲻿մľ
˼֣ɽĲӳһ룬ڱŭ״̬ɽһ˼ˣһҲûע˼͵Ϯ
˳ĴɽĲɽһ٣һֱԵڵء
þȵԴȴһҲмͣɽ
ôˣ
ˣѣŭģһӵ˷ħ֢һʵҪˡ
˼Ļǵͷõֲ̿ѡ
ôʱҪɱ練ơ
뼰ˣæſֵڻԵɽǰҪɱҵˡ
˼òݼ˵СʱʱĳķƳϼۡ
˼֪Է޷ǰһТ˳ΪҲķΪ
벻ףͦһˣľϲķ
üһӶĵᣬǵĿ᲻
ȴɵΪؿȫǳ˼ڱ˵ĻԳ˼ĺ˼֡
ܿ죬Ļ밵ҵ˿ɽָų˼ŭץסŵҵ
ͰҲʱһŵľȻһŮˣͺǵĴСࡣ
˳ˣһߵСС㣬ǾƷ۷壬һŮܷŵ⡭
Ļᣬų˼ķȥֻ˼һ˫֮нΪɱ֮
һ̬ԵһЩ˼Ϊˣôѻʯ
Ů˵ǰǾԲܡ
ҵȥ
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Ͱһɽ̧кתͷĿһ۳˼ſٽ˸
֮󣬸еĴһأžһС
ĿľǸףʿ˭ųģ⣬ǼпܻӦɱ

ס˼֣˸Ҫߣȴյĸٶȿ
ţ߳һʵŵŮˡ
ŮСòмƣ˼ò¾֪λСϡ
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˼װʶд¶
Сף֪ǣСǣ֪ǿŮںδ
ԭܰȫ
ԭˣҾͷˡ
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ллŷˡ
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ü䡰ÿ˵ˣҼСôæҲ˴ۣͷ͸һ
˼֣ͦθڣ϶һ
ȵ˲òߵʱٶѡȻȴ£ү϶ô
˼Ӷ˶٣ûлͷֻǷƵްһ۶ӡ
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С˵ԭǿ쵱ǳͷԣر
޳˵ʵǹھ£ټǵͷԣʻ˭ԣЩ۵ģеӵģҲɶ˻
뵽һĨɫϵĴǻ
һֱָоѹϣڲõĽᱻݺݵĲȽ
ϵŮᣬҲḶӦĴۡ
Ͻظ˿Ѿѵɽŵ컨塣
ΪһαŭȻ߻ħΪӾƷ۷˰Ʒ۷壬ҪôĻڲõĽҪپһ׽ˡ
뵽ɽļƤ񶼿ˡ
û뵽ԼԾ˲ȣˣΣ
ˡ
ʱһ
ɽƳһ۷ţͷ
һŶͷ߶µߵɽǰ
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479 ֻ

˻ˡ
ȥҴ
ɽסԼŭ𣬵Ȼߺȴץֱߵһƿ͵档
̣Լķˣ޼ҵĵ
һųųߵԷ
ɽһŬѹסеŭ
ΪʲôҪԵ޼ҵʿ
үҿΪǵᣬǵŮ
Ȼģ֪֪Ѿһʮ޴飬Ҫ˶ã޳ǵ˶֪޼оŸʿ
ʲôǼоŸƷ۷ʿ൱оŸǿ޼ң֪˻üβˡ
ɽɴ۾ķ˵ĺеˡ
֪֪ˣ֪ʿ󣬾һоӦʿһ˷ӣ޼Ҿͻ󡣡
ɽ˵⻰ʱһ϶еˡ
ɵܹүĻ಻ˣô
Լķһ仰û˵٣Ҫޣɽֻۡ
ȥɣҾͰͻңϼ꣬ʲôʱ¶ˣٻɣ
ү֪˵ʲôϱģһҪͣҪǻȥˣǶΪҡ
˵˵뵽ʲôܵܵɽߡ
үҸᵽˣ˵Ƕģ벻ҪǸϳ
ϲǴˣ޾Ϳޣܿһһֻ۰ᣬ˾ֹͣ˿
һͣ߹Ǻķˣɽ˿ֻȥ
һӣһϵѾҪٺˡ
û뵽үһ⧲һͷײǣײͷѪ
໵Ŀޣɽ˳ȥ
ɽԶ϶ݺݵĿĳλŵģŮһᱻ֣Ҫʱõүϲܿһӡ
һҹ˿ġ
ĵĪڳ˼ضˣ˻صҩռ󣬸ɴͥʹһ׽Բء
ͥԴ˲мһˣ׽ԲأһĿһ档
ܼͥ˵ĹУǵһһжʮ
ˣ˼ԾͰտӡʳȫᵽ˲ݵϡ
ҩռûкͰҹԣҲù߻谵
˼䵱˳źеһСԷǻȫЦ⡣
ػֳ˼ĻͻȻãҪĿɲǷŮǰѾԻҪ
ųţҲɵЦ
˼ٿԼķЦƽǶǲЦҲӣˬûûεЦ
ãв㣬ĵžҸɣ
磬аһƬϲϻңɴڳſˣƤ
һһǵĳ˴㽫޺͵Ůɨسˣ뵱꣬ûĸҵ֧֣ɽƾʲôȴҪҸϳţĿﰡ
ੲݣ˾͸ɴڵϴǵΧ۵·Ц
пһеᣬ޳ָģúţ޳˼ΪʲôӵķԼûãԼĵ̫ƫģЩ޾黨һĴԡ
ԴĵĴСһ죬ҪЩҸҵ˸صĴۡ
Ůͷ̲סɬ
һ۳ǽյĴţȻЦˡ
ɽ˽Сµ˸ˣ˻ңὫĸҵһֿȻȲҪߣҾ߲һС
ʱյĴſˡ
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Ťһ£ЩŭŮǲûȥˣѾԭˡ
תһĨԳЦ
ƺһ飬Ǿǣ֮Ȣ޷ǿĸҵǮƺһپ٣һˣֺƤˣĺ̡ܷ
ᣬǿЦߵɽߡ
ɽĵĳ˳ǣŮѾǹȥǸŮ취޳ȥǡ
ĸŮٶȻĲ㱳ȥò˵ĸŮʵ̫ˣƫƫүò˵˴ͷβƺӮҡ
ϣɫ԰Ǿֻˣİɣ
Ƴһۿϣʲôû˵ԼԺӡ
ˣû緹ɣһȥԷ
ɽЦ
ϹһЦȫȻ֮ǰһС
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480 ˵

ү˳ȥ䵥ֱҧû뵽ô¶ܴ»СС»ˣɴ˿ɼŮүԶʹ˵ġ
뵽ϱֻ̣ҪһΣһһᱨ
󣬳˼شӦɽ⳥ɽԤϵ͵˳
ɽյЩ⳥󣬾Ȳѡ
Ϊ˴ʿɱǵ飬Ѿû뵽ǣʱ򣬻ѡʾá
ɽ˿Ϊ֮ϵת۵㣬Ǳ˽ỹдȫе鷿
ȻϹϾѾ뷨
ڴϣһֱм޼漦޹湷˼룬ɽҸϣģɽϴľȻɽ
үģҺŮ鷿
ϲ̵Ŀɽ
ɽǴԼλˣκζԷĸҵԼʵ̫ҪˣȻ罫ɶŮɨسˡ
ɽЦЦתɨһᡣ
ǵͣƬ̵ĿٸнεĺܺãȻܿУǵһı֮⡣
ˣ㿴˼⳥ˣ֮ǰ㳶ƽˣɳʿ׷ɱ˼ң˵ʲôҲⲻȥŮȥǵһǸҲǽϵá
үûзհɣȥ˵Ǹⲻܡ
˲䷭һҲ
ɽϵľһ㣬ǳϯʢ磬ʲôֻҪϣض
ˣ֪Ƿ޶˶ǮǵŮ𣿡
٣ŮǲýǮġ
һ뵽ԼŮֲ֮޺üģϵŭһˡ
ɽյ϶߶һһƽʱϵӶɳˡ
⡭ô࡭
ɽ˵ͷ
ʵбĶɽԼķˣΪЩɱȻƽҪֵǮ
˼˰ΣɽŤүԺеˣܲܰװһ¡
ȻԣŮǸҾ͸һһǧƽô
ǾôˣŮһȥǸɣ
˼Ѫߡ
˫ۣȻһٸԸ⣬ǿһǧƽ𰡣ôãɴûи¹
ЩǮͿƯ·Ȼȥء
뵽һĨ֪ĺα֮ϡ
˼Ǹи֮ԼԼķ֮ƺЩȫԺ
;ԼǳŮֻ˵ķݣûбķݶ
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Σֻڳһլӡ
Ϊլӵ˼ǮתıȽϼһжУҲò
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Ů˾ȻڳķɵЦҲǸո𴲣ֻһɫĵ³۾ε
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ţȥԷˡ
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˼ŶӯӯһЦɣ
ϵһ߽һҲĶ豭һڲ衣
عһ˫ԹĿĶų˼
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ˣǾͲˣŮߡ
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͵ϣŷǰĵطȥ
˼΢΢ķ̫Ѿ˼ҳĴŮƲ۾ˡ
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481 һؾ

òƺܻأһֱŮգ۾ǡ
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мԺյĹӸ翴һûƯŮˣΪ˵õŮ˵ģЩӸᾭϷҪһߵϷ롣
ˣǽĽ˵Ů˸߲ҵǡ
ò˵˳˧ִ󷽣Ψһϧľǲȥ԰ӡ
԰޳ǺǳţЩѰĵطһ̸԰ӵİԸţѾ޳ǵµĳ
ҲȱݣǲԼŮǰۡ
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˼Դ˷ǳţϲŮ˶к³
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漴һλϺ飬ͬʱλҲǸƷĸ֡
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482 Ǯ

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483 ԩ·խ

񴳶ҪԷ̲ͥס鶯ǡ
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ԴʣͥȻԶԡ
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˵ףǵĵܵܳʲô飬Բһ·š
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һʱ󣬴صһӣһʱˣһ̲˶ûϣĳǲˡ
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484 ¶

ףôӣ
̵ľ۵ῴˣǰһһССǸǻṵ̂ɣˣȻܽһ˸˦ɡ
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ƷôˣΪǾ𣿡
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ݺݵĵһ漴վ첽ߵࡣ
öԸСӵַһֻ֣ݺһĶ䡣
ȴ룬һ󣬶ǵ˶ϲӣԥȥ
һǴһĽų졣
ƺһǾδãˣٻαװҲưոˡ
Сһǡ
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Щߣ߹ŮˣһǲԶ˵һ𣬿ⳡ棬òһرǮƼŮʱӡ
ŮΧۣǺ͸ֳмŮˣֻҪǿϵˣ˼û޶˼ӡ
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485 

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486 

нԶɽһĨĻȡ
֪˼ҲȥһؾҪһؾƷ룬ȥˡ
֮ԼŮȥǿŮ˵ĳޡ
ŸǬ棬ŵЩ鱦㹻ɱƷ۷ˡ
˼زǰƷ۷壬ɱ練ơ
¶ʧܣŮɱһͲŮΪ޼Ҵĳ裬Ҳܹ˳˼ء
Ҫ֪ŮؾбɱһʲôǲսȨս޳ǵȨ
ȱؾһؾ֮Уǲܶᱦɱ˵ģһȫԼҵʲôʲô
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ЦЦʾԼҲڿЦ
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ֻһλŰɫɴȹŮſڵϣýŲŮ˵ļͷ
СӣǶ˵õ컯񵤣컯񵤽
һڣԵҶҲʼв
֪λ˭޳ǵĵŮС㣬㲻һСĵŮ˳Ů֪𣿡
ȹŮ˺ǺһЦĿĵᡰõĻԵȫ˭õ˭ģҪôؾ㻹޳Ƕᱻ֮˳ЦԶ̧ͷѵǻƻؾĹ򲻳ɡ
˵ʲô𣿡
תͷһڼӵ˵
ҡͷʾʲôû
ȹŮ˽վÿһ˶һ飬ʵи߹ҶģЩһʱȫѡվһߣΪģΪ˼ҵĵǳǵﲻġ
ߣҪɱҪ㡣
ȹŮ˳׷˷Ʒ۷ʵڳκһ˶Ҳû塣
ֻеǷݲһֱ궯ȻôûãôүΪʲôҪһҵ컯أ
뵽ȹŮ˺Ȼָ조ү䲻ϣֻٵҵϣ
ȹŮ˵żԹĴֱһỮۿı۾
ᱻһͨŭŵʧȻ󣬲õŮһš
Ϲզʲô֪֪ŵҡ
ȹŮ˲˵ֻǱ۾
һ¸߰ʱŭգµŮˣȻΪ˭
ʰŮˣ־ñ˶Էֽ˼޼ҵӵܡ
ǹúøŮɹͷ
˻һȹŮ۾
ŵĿᣬԼЩƽˡ
㡭Ҫʲô
ʲôȻǻٵףǸŮ˻ٵһ
ƺҵ˷й㣬Ů˲ͣڽڹЦ
Զվŵĳ˼ɻһۣճ˼ȿ˿ڡһΰڶѵġ
˲ɫȹī֭Ҫڡ
˼ʶԼ˵ˣεҲǸ˼
ҪҵΪˣֻ㣬ֻһˣᣬҲֻЩϲ
ش˻Ʋϵ
˼鲻ʵԷý͵ģصΪˡ
ǲǴǣ
˼һ˵
пܣǣʵ벻ڶˡ
ۣĵǣǣǿһĹ
һΪǵĸ׳ҲشɽҲһƣСҲլˡ
Ҫң
ͻȻȹŮ˾ֵĴ
˼ʵڿȥˣҪȡ
ؼæס˼󣬾ȱȥҲҲ˵
-

487 糵


˼˼Ƭ̣ͿȹŮƺʲô
Ȼľû뵽ǾȻϷ
Ҳƣ˸ս͵õ컯񵤣浱컯ڵĴײ
֪컯˾Ʒ߼ҩһƷʦˣһƷƷˣ˲ӭͻʥ׽١
ֻͻʥ迿ԼһȼԽߵˣҳ컯񵤣ֻԣû׽١
˼ض컯񵤲ȤΪʱӭ׽٣Ҳ뿪λ棬ǰ߼λ档
ǻǣңȻ뿪
˼뽫ȥһ򾡡
سĬ˰Ҳ˿ڡ
˼۾ر㳯طȥ
˼˼ˣæϢĸϡ
˼֪ԷϷ󣬺ÿĴǹһ£Ѹ뵽ҩռ䡣
ʱ򣬸պСһҲڡ
˼緹һ˳극С˯һûѣ˼һؾ
㿪Ⱥ룬˲ͺˡ
˼ص֣ҪǸ˿ˣǵҧһ
һؾһһصѰұˣ֣˵Ȼɢ
˼Ǻֿˡ
س˳ǣͷĽĿбһߡ
˼ľûǿ˲ŷҩռ䣬ڴ˵Ⱥˣѵ˵
һֲͷڳ˼·ˣƺһֱԭشת
ţҾ쵽ˡ
سһܴúоһβ߳ȥأʱһȺˣ۵˹
ټʱ˫֮л޷Ƶ˰⡣
أɡ
὿εεĿء
üͷᣬǲһˣ벻Ҫǡ
˵գϳ˼ͳű𴦶ȥ
ʱɱأɱľǸûϲ˵Ůˡ
˼վסҪս
˼һ٣һ̽Ŀ⿴ᡣ
ᱻĿһǱ۷䶢һһ˼Ƥ
˼ģԷһֱţֱֻͣߵߡ
ôȣ
Ʒ۷壬ǰƷ۷壬ǲܰĹȣҪܽУҾͶ׵ѧУֱؾرΪֹҪǽӲУ뿪أԶҪٳߡ
˻һ˺Ȼ
˼ҷԷƣóŮȴ˼ҵ๫ζδҲ̫˰ɣ
سҲӦɱŮˡ
˼Ҫȣ߰ɣ
ãѵһ£Ͳ֪Ϊʲô죬˵๫
˼ĻһûסЦ
˵һЦⳤ࿡һЦ·ɣ˸оϢ
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һŮߺ˫ۻһ㶢ء
״ݺݵĵһŮŭΪ޼ҵӵܣһ㶨ûУֱӽϳ޼ҡ
С㣬ʲôҸĻ𣿡
Ůӵܶʱͺۿһεεģò˶Ϊ֮ϧ
ỹ˵ʲô˼Ѿͷ
㻹Ȳȣˡ
Ȼȣȹһȥ
ὫǸŮƵһߡ
Ů־ֿ֣ĵԼǰͷܾҪˡ
˼Ŀ⵭ȻվԭһЩѸ˵һߣ·Ѿ֪Լܵһ
˼࿴ᣬʵУսֻ˵һԷһ鱦
ȻֳĽһӣһȻڶԷС
ⲻ˼Ĺ⣬ȴҲС
ɣ
ڤƬ̣ų˼ӳɲǣһ׹
˼һǵ⼴֮ʱҩռ䣬ǵתƵҩռ֮ϡ
˼Ϊ˺ҩռ䣬û뵽ǣǵҩռ֮ϣǴ޻ϣһҲûС
ɴ˫ۣ˵˼ףַ˶ˣԷûЩ
ѵ˵ԷٶȺܿ죿һִǬһ鱦
鱦еһ糵ֲǷ糵
ķ糵ת糵ȫһ˲ǻƽ⣬ûʲô˵ĵط
˼ȴôΪ䣬ʮ־
ʱҧԼָ⣬һѪε˷糵֮ϡ
糵ʼתʱķ⡣
˼ġ
ص󽹼Ĵ
-

488 նҪ

˼˫ͬʱԳ˼Ϊģܿʼ˿
Ϊ˵ؾԵʣ粢δ˵ؾһһľǳ˼ĺ󼹱ԼţһɹķĹš
ͻȻһɫ˼˸ס˼Ҫúᣬȴ֣Լں֮Уһ¶Ϊݳޡ
Ρ
˼ͺһѸ̧ơ
Ȼ˹ӳֵƷȥҲǴ޻֮ϡ
˼ûˣӲҩռҲС
ģӺ֮гһ˫ɺɫ˫ۣų˼
˼˫۾һָоڣʲôҪﱻһʹ಻ѡ
ʱ֮⴫Թ˼鱦Ҫ˰ʱͻݽ߶
ᣬ㻹ա
˼ĿƵĶĳȻ͸ĳˣȴҲûκΰ취
֪˶ã˼ֻԼֻһˣǧһ֮ʣҽһ˲ɢȥ˼Ҳʹлָ˰֮С
ɢ󣬳˼ᣬһᴩ࣬ðŲŵĿ⣬Ķǰ֮ˡ

˼һЩڵء
Һؼʱסѡ
˼ؽסһۣܴӱ˴˵пġ
ã˼ŽĿѾĲϡ
ˣ
˼ЩԼ۾
ţˣɱ㣬
ֻôһɣ˸ɴࡢ˵УȻΪ
һʱ䣬˼жˮģ
֣Ϊ˼ȥˮ
߰ɣ
˼˵ͷ˸ҪתӦҶеվסɱ˴С㣬ǵҡ
˵ָָڲָָ˼Ĳˡ
ɿ˼ʾ⣬ʾһҪѵһˡ
˼ףɲǼ䣬˻ûпô£ؾѾҶߡ
˵
Ҷ屻׾ٵס˲ӣȻ˱شӵ
Ҷ岻ƷĴʦѾǰƷ۷Ĵʦ߾֮
𣬱ɱңһ
Ҷƽһθܵ־塣
ȻڳЩҲٴɱɱɱˣ൱
ĸ֣С
˿̵Ҷ壬ֻԼĲǸţûһ㷴
㻹ָǴк˵ô죿
¸ӵ
Ҷɫ৵һ¾ͰˣһѪǣģ˽֮ˡ
ֻҪɱңʲôС
Ҷҧѵ˵
תͷȥ˼˼˵ͷɿַҶ塣
Ҷظˤڵأ˼ĿĿء
ĿҲڶ̶̵ļ䣬ܿ죬ҶϾ¶Цݡ
ֻҪһ仰Ҷ嶨Ϊţ޼ӵֵΣ
Ǻһ
ҲͶ𣿡
ҶЦĵǣ˴⣬̵õ
Ȼصһ仰ȴҶ˱С
Ǻһȥ
˵գر㳯żĳһƣȵĻ棬·ԵĶħΧס
վǰҶ壬ǸСǿһ㣬ӻ˳
۵ĲţһҪɱ
ˣһ
ҶĿء
˼ۣҪǲɱ
ɱ
ڳ˼֮ʣҶԴһѷĶ̵նһߡ
˼½𣿡
ʮֽ
˼վıߵߣȽԷϵ鱦Ĵһ飬ȻͳͳŽҩռ䡣
Щ˼ЩΪѵȥء
ǵʬδ
Һˡ
˼ΪķὫ˺ᣬû뵽ǣȻú˶ɱ飬漴һģ˵˱
Щ¶ֳ˼ڿɵüͷ
ҪǲǴ˺޳ް
˼ϸϸһ룬Ҳôһ¡
˾͵ʲôҲûзһһؾ֮ѰұͻԵ
Զ޳ǵϣᱻһĵʱСҲǿʼʹ
˳˵ĸŮģѵʲô飿
뼰ϵһĶɵɤ˼ȥһؾúñŮ
ĩˣɽ˽
˺Ͱ˵Ļˡ
үѰҪǲŮԲˡ
㰡̫ģӴˣӦӥչ߷ɣǵһ֮ܣֻһСƬء
-

489 

үǸŮֲкֻҪһŵԵ˾ˡ
һᵽĻ£һ˫۾ͱȡ
ɽȴŮѾʸ֮ģȥһؾϣ棬ʡûŶּ޲ȥ
һֱΪǼǳ֮ңȫ൱޳ǵʵֻۣҪǵŮǳҲдſҪ׸
ɽôΪȥкܶʱʱݸӣĿľ޼ҽס
ҲкܶС強ͷɽС
ֱŮһھ¥˻¶Ī˵壬СӣǴһҹ֮㡣
յڳ˺ܾãΪٹʱ䣬Ǿͻˣû뵽Ůһھ¥֮˻¶
˴۾Ļǣһֳֵˡ
˵˲ںЩҲûԸȢôһӣ䵱ĸ
ԣŮĳ̶ֳ˵һϵӡ
磬ͥ𴲣ȥ緹
ǷһҲӣԡ׳а档
Ǹ棬廨Ͷһ㡣
磬㣬Ų϶ˡ
𼱰㣬ǶͺˣһҪᷢ١
鷳
ƳƳĳ䡣
˰ʱǿˡ
ͥģЩܿ죬۾ˡ
磬ˣʲôʱѽ
֣ģ˱ӡ
𣿡
ɵĿͥ
֣ͥصĵ˵ͷܸоĶͷһڣȻ˭
֪Ž
ͥЩΣܵƽʱСɣ˵׾һ̲õޣʱ·̫ȵҪš
߰ɣ
ͥ߸߾ڼͷ
ǳչˣһܿøԶֵܿԵľ¥
뿪ҩռѾɣ۾һ˲֮ʹͥһεӿڡ
Ҫ˿ǣ϶ŸΪƾʧͳ֣οСӡ
ӿǵĳÿγᾭ·أѾ˵ϰߡ
ӣϰǽԼĺԺȥԣʡЩֽŲɾĿˣӳÿɰͰ˸°ˡ
ϰأǸʮүүΪûʲô츳һһƷڵĴʦ˵ϲûʲô
үүһֱڿҿң͵Լһ˫¸
ԺүүƽĵطʹˣԾͽǰԺĳһӡ
磬ͷǸһǮɣ
Уλүү˺ҪǸǮẦ
ͥҡͷܾ
㲻Ϊʲôǰ¶ͷẦˡ
ͥ뷨͵ݶе˷˲ƾɽգȻүүˡһҲųһүүʲôݣ֪үүͻȻôǮ϶Ǯ⣬ʱǸǮ͵ͬûүүƷжԸҪֵΣ
ͥһü⣬ͷתĶԺ
֪ͥһʱĵܵʲôҲ˵ˣҪ˵Է϶
˳극ǮŵϺ󣬾ʹӺˡ
ͥŽһ컹кܶʱ䣬ֲ䣬˵ˣÿǰҪģڵ͵Ϣʲôʲôպǵ졣
ȥأ˺ȻһȺٳһɱȥ
ͥæסһԼͲСŮʵʲô飿
ѽⶼ֪Ҷǲ޳ǵˣ
СŮõǷ۵ֻ˵Ļͥһ
ȷ޳ǵˣһҶǡ
СŮΪͥСԼŵˣɵСһ죬ֻʵʵ˵
ǰĽĹ㳡ھᣬĶʮĵر˵컯أ
˵꣬СŮһˡ
̲ͥס˳ǣ컯֪һֿߵȼĵҩֻ˵ˣѾ˰ɣ
컯񵤣УҲǼٵġ
ܵܣȥ𣿡
ʲôᰡ
ͥգգ۾ʾʲôҲ
ͥͷĵĽ͡ǽһܱĶиᣬȥȻһЩɣᣬ㶮𣿡
˵ͷ
ͥЦһӣЩ֪ʶһ̵ĲãᱻﳰЦġ
-

490 Ҳ

Сһʵûʲô飬ʹȥĹ㳡ȥһ
ʱĹ㳡Ѿۼ˴ˣκʵڰСĵΧ᳡һж
żرСֲӵ״
ǺһıССԴ֮
漴һţ»̬ڳĶҪǣΪʲôóλãСһ۸أ
벻ǣ仰Ĺã˻һֳֺ
عͷĿͥϣһ䣬һΪ˵仰ͥ
Աޣ˵ɣ
ͥܵһݶĿ⳯ԼͶʶľˡ
λңҿԶ췢ġ
˵ģѵŵС˵ġ
ǣҲ֪˭ҵĺӣһòûС
ܴҶöԷСӣһҲˣϾ˭ĸСһƽϡ
һһ룬ϲƽϡ
ι˵š
ʱһʮҵ꣬һڴ󺺵ӵͥĽǰ
ͥüͷһ壬ãҪȫ˿ǲˡ
ǡ
ֻͥӲͷƤϣܲ˵ܵ˰ɣ
ܺãҪս
˵ţųƷڵѹܶһƷƷ˶ѹѹͷ̧
ǿȫǿЦһͥȻ˿˵Ŀɵۡ
ǸҪͥս꣬ǶڲܿƵĳ鴤⡭ôܣ
ôܣҽս
ͥһЦֳһ޺ģ
ɾͥʵֱͣŵСӦòŶ̲ðɣΪʲôҲ˿ηѹ
˼Ƭ̻޷˵վ˳Ҳûʼܶ˶ⳡ־統ῪʱĿθˡ
ԾΪóһεĿյأͥҪܺŴĶ档
ʼɣ
ͥ÷ϻٶȽ¶Ȼúÿⳡᣬ봳ĿģڴܳͷʲôĻˣǻֻǺӺòã
̧߰ͷʮֱĵĿ⿴ͥұ곤С
˼˵ȶ԰ɣ
ô⡣
Ц
̧֣ͥ΢΢һһ±ǽֱӷꡣ
±ǽǿȾܽơ
ڳҲôΪʵϣǽŵһ̣ͺˡ
ֻһǰһ뻹־ڱصõ꣬ʱѾɳȥףڵؿѪ
겻ŵĿͥôһСӣⲻܡ
˸㣬Ʒ۷Ĵʦ
˵գͥųƷ۷ѹѹڳһˡ
˫ĿѪ죬һҧÿ֨졣
,һԼ仹ҪССʵڽܲˡ
ţһĨԹ֮һ
һѴǵѪ˵ƽһ٪壬ʵѾʮ꣬Ӯңʤò
Ҳ֪ǲļһڣ˶塣
Ҵδ֮ˡ
ʱĿڡ
һȫ۹⿴ͥԵǸޡ
޿ûгɣһһ侭Ҫͯǻʲô
ʱȺһƷĴʦȻ˿ڡ
ģӾȻƷ۷ĴʦҪ֪ܶһƷƷһʱҲûСС;ѾƷ۷ˣƷҲֻһŵ飬Ű
˻ʶ飬ͥҲ̧߰ͷ
ûΪڽǷǳɰ
һڳ˹ףѹ˵ǵΪԭǱĵȼߡ
˿̵ֻһĵطԴ㣬ʵ̫ˡ
гһλƷĴʦȻһۿΪ͵ˡ
ͥ٪ñҲ޹ƣһʱ䣬걻ǧָҪߣͥȵǰ档
߿ԣҪǮ
ΪʲôҪǮûǷǮ
ʧѣĭʧԼʱʧѡ
ָͥһһš
ԣֻһȻ˾˹ȥ
ĸ̧Ҫߣͥ·ǰ˵Ǯߡ
ǻ࿴һۣսϵǮȫ˳ͥС
κǿΪ磬ֻҪ㹻ǿҪʲôԡ
ԣҲĸ̧ߣЩԭ
ǮͥĹ𴽽ǣû뵽ǸҪ˵ǮҪ
-

491 ĵ

֪ӲǺ˷׷׽õλøǡ
ͥҲԹԵվ˵һš
˸ͷվڵһֲߡ
ʱֵģ䲻ȵģҲĵȴĿʼ
һʱĸˡ
ֱһʮҵͷΪǲſģͷлûʲôҲʶǡ
ͷأڲŲһ飬ǵڳһЦԷǡ
ȻͥȴûЦģͷġ
ʵ˲֪ͷĶǻӣҲֻгö
λһȼˣҲ˵ϻˣһƷ
ͷ䣬һźɫȹӵŮˣ˫ֶһź첼˵ǰ
Ů˽̷ŵһŰϣƷú첼ţֻƷԵƽá
Ϊ˴ʵû̫ãڲ˶ã᲻Ӿˣ֮١
ͷҲ˵˼һӣŮ˾ÿ˺첼
һƷΪƷϴ赤úʵܹӵʡ
첼ȥ¶һС
бŮ˴򿪣ţһԲɢŵҩİɫ ˵Ұ
һ۹֮¶ǲŵ
ľȻƷϴ赤ǶһǷϲ񣬿ϴ赤Īˡ
һ߬ȭͷ͸¶ᶨɫ
˼һûпأ㴩ӣȥվӰɣ
ǣ⡣
ŭδ⣬в˳Ͷ䳰ȷ
ͷΪҪ˵ҪԼѹסڳˣȻֳҳһţ˭˵
ͣһ㣬˵ϴ赤һƽģÿĲһƽ𡣡
ͷĻ˵꣬˵Ľ
ûиҪӻ˵һͻƽզȥأ
ǰһͨ˾ˡ
ͷȻûЩ˼ҵԹصɽš
ϲľͿ֣һҪһأ
ҳһһƽ𡣡
ȺУһеֵŮˣ붼û룬һǧϴ赤
ͷ̨һɫˣ֪𣬹ʶ̧۶˵ˣֱôӣλŮ˳Ϊ˵
ģҪǮ˵ûǮôһϴ赤ֻ˵ӽˮˡ
ҰڶƷ޵š
ͷֱƿڶƷϵĺ첼ţбһİɫ
̨궯ǣŮÿһߺ
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ѵ˵ǿиɣһֽϻ
ϣǷӣǰ׳ôһ
ɲզأ˱Ҫ޵ݣ˲òడ
׳Ҳ˶ķ飬Ů˶ķ顣
׳ҪߵģһƬɫʱͳ
ȺŮһ쵽ʲôأ޵ݣĿһӦֵǽ䵱ҩ
У˭֪տƾġ
һֳֺŮƲƲ졣
ûҪһˣԼֵòڮһ˼ң£û
ֻ׳ãպ
׳۾Ů˰ΣͻȻЦλ޳ʮŮ֮һĺ顣
ʲʲôôʮŮ֮һôᣬҪ۵Ļϰʮ̫̫ôǳ󣬵ҲϣƤҲûơ
˻һ˷׷״Цĵǽⳡ˲٣ɵҲࡣ
̫̫üĿһ󵽵ףֻ
Ҳ˵ƲŮǶֳóͶŮˣû˴
ƫƫһ࣬óϲ﹥˵ˣ˭С
ҶЦһֺ죬ֻܷ߷ߵ뿪ᡣ
ͥԽľˣ޲뿪
Ȼ˵ʱͷһƷ
-

492 ؼʱ

컯һöļʮƽÿμӼ۲һƽ𡣡
ͷ˻һȫ
˿̣û˾ʮƽǮҪ֪컯񵤣һһƷĴʦֱƷʦ
νǧ󣬲컯񵤣ƷƷһ㶼ʹã൤ҩͳû츳ֻһƷΪ־ڱصõĵҩ
¶ϣ飬뽫ⵤҩԼ
ͥҲ뵽ڲ²ҪŸжá
ô컯񵤰ûҪ𣿡
ͷеĽҩٹͷװҩĺѾ򿪣һŽɫĵҩʱɢŵ⣬ǿ֪ⵤҩޱȡ
վھͷϽˣһӣ¶顣
컯񵤣һ˻
һϲ̵컯񵤡
ͷɨһˣԷźᣬɵü򣬲ͱզ
ɫһЦҺҪԼѾƷĴʦˣҪǳ컯񵤣»ӭ׽٣ʱҵֿ׽٣ǻġ
˵ĻЦڳ˶ףҩѻΪǲһģǾƷһȼʱᱻ׽ʣ
ߣֱ˵
ͷŲ˵ĻƳ˶ԷһۣͰעЩҪҩ˵ϡ
мҪ֣ԥַ֡
ȫ䶯컯񵤣ȴҪʱزۣȺмˮ
ͷɵҲļ۸е̫ˣҪٽ㡣
˵ͷһ˵۸ȷʵһ㣬ƽΣ
˵˵û˵ⵤҩ˭óôǮ
ǣ˵ƽ𣬾һƽҲò

ͷ̨ȫһƬͷҲû˵ף˿ֻ̣ϣһⵤҩȥȻ°뱲ӾͲʲôˣʵϣͷһʱ̨Ҳûκζ
ͷ㽫װҩĺӺסʱһ۵Ⱥը˹
öҩҪˡ
ͷ˳ԴȥʱһһС˵Ҫżֵǵĵҩûɣ
һȺˬʵĴЦһ߹һ󰡣
Сϳ֪𣿡
͵ܳİɣ
ȥȥȥﺰؼҳԷأ
˵ȺͥϿκ
ţͥͳһӣϻ˻Ρҵ㻨Ǯ֪λүүԸǻؼȡ
һСóһƽڳ˾񿴹һͥǶ룬⵽˭ҵСǮҲˣôǮֱƽ
ɲܱô룬˼Ǯʵ
ͷٺһЦԼƵĻҪˣͳ֣źµ˻ߵͷ࣬ͷʵʵ
ȫƷ۷壬ʵףȻ֪ںιʣЩĸԸıͷϿԿͷһˣ˵׼ӵơ
λСүүүԸ𣿡
Ȼԡ
˵ЦǺǵĿͷȫںͯɰ
ͷһתõǮ󣬾Ͱ͵˵׼ҲһüǮ
֪ͥͷǸˣСһȴһƣ㽫ҩõ֣һҲͷ
ͷеõǮⳡҲòǰ
뿪Ĺ㳡ΨСһ
Уͥ˫˫ͷͷЦ֪λסηЩ˰
һֱסһҵ˵ģġ
ͥСĽ͡
ͷΪȻһǵĵӽ̫鷳͹˵źӣ飬ҲǵһμˣʶЩϣࡣ
ԼѾȡͷΣͥգգ۾˵ɷǿһ컯񵤡
ԡ
ͷһҲͥὫҩߣԱǸ޵ǸߣϾ滹Ʒ۷ĴʦǣСҪɱǣҲҪû¡
ͷ򿪺ӣСĽӵݵͥС
Ǵе컯𣿡
˵ţͥͷһپ֮һůȫĩˣͥ˫ֻۣԼлʹ
컯񵤣ŵҩƵѾˣޱȵѾλСүˡ
ͷЦ
ͥ˳½ǣӦЩ˯۾Ȼ󲻽Ŀͥ磬ôˡ
ͥͷߣôܵܽ쵽˹ؼʱ̳ë
-

493 ŵ

һͥе컯񵤣ʱʲô漴ͷЦϵˡ
˵һ˾ʹͥͷǰʧӰ١
ͷƬ̣ץʧĵطȷ˲˺󣬴ͣˡ
ϳƷʦͣһʱ룬ֻͷһʱ׷¶ı顣
ôܣûгô᲻أ
ߣһأǰ²ûãҩҲˣǵĹǮҲҪˡ
ͷŭĿԲĽҧÿ֨졣
ƷʦĿͷ԰棬ǲˣȴҪϣؼ˴ʼնû
ôҪٽҲûģ֮ǵΡ
ͷһټ֡
໥һۣȻͷ¶Ŀ⡣
ͷȻһָͣ֨֨˵ʲô
ȻȰһ٣еǮ
ѾͷˣҪǿǮķϣͷɱˣû뵽ͷƤ֮޿̡
һͷͱ˴һͷͷǮƣҲѹһգߵʱ򣬻ͷ˻ɽҰ룬ͷ
ͷգһŭȻָմ䲻ʱһѪӿϺͷܿ죬ͷΪѪ˹ȥ
ͷҲǱߣһֱεҹѣȻʱһȺڽʳʳ
ͷʵһĲ
ȻⶼǺ󻰣ʵͷڵģǴᣬһȺر˵ڡ
ѻصҩռͥһֱڸͷֻͷ֪
ͷӵ³˵Ĵǽ¶Ц⡣
һû뵽Ȼˡ
磬ҿûˣ˱ˡ
죬ʾһҲϲǸͷ
ͥСԹϡˣ¾ƪˣȥɣ
ͬʱһؾ֮У˼һڣ˶ˣɫҰףǰ֮ơ
ȥҩռ䣬Ҳòˡ
˼ŭһһһóֵ󷨴Ĺâ
˼£Ҳ㡣
ƺһһǰ׹ĿڣʱŻһѪ
˼Լķôصˣ֣ٷˡ
ֻܲģΪϲֲøӾʣ˻һʼͲҪĺá
Ȼʱ˼δܵ󷨵Ĺ
˼ļˣһץסص˷ܵҪҷ󷨵Ĺ֮һʼǻģԽǷԽǻ⵽
Ҳ뵽һ㣬ջس󷨻ζһ±ʧӰ١
볤һʱһӵڶ
˼һ𣬺Ȼ֮һ쵤һ¯
˿ﶼһҪ֪޳ǣʦ֮٣͵ϡеĿ¡
Ǳ̰ģⶫ߰ɣ
˼¯쵤䱧˻ؽ˼һӵ뻳СЩ浽Ƕɽٵ죬˵׼һá
ЪϢƬ̣ʹ뿪ؾģⲻ֪һȺȸڸˡ
վסѶ£ҪȻǾͰ
ɲǼ䣬ָ˴н˼Χһˮйͨ
˼üͷҪͨҩռ뿪˵صĻܣҩռ䲻ãõãҲܵؾӰ죬乥Լһһʽ
ٶ𳤽ų˼Сǣܡ
УҪһߡ
ߣǽ˭Ҳ߲
һ˶˵ͳ˴һơ
һư˾޴˲ɳʯǽ˱Ƶòˣ˵޿ˣŻһѪʹȥ
˼۾ȺһҪᱦˡ
޷ٴҩռöͽǰڴ˳
˼˼óôһСԸǣʵǿЦ
˶мһ˵ʱ򣬳˼׼˼ʵǿˣᰴһ°ťǸֱȻأʡ¡
һ̣˲ʶ˼õǸ򵥡
ʲô鱦ȻһƷڵĴʦˡ
㲻֪
ţ˼һͨ򣬲ڳǵȸĻǵڵģͼģÿһһһŵˡ
ؼŻҫˣ˿Ѿȫ£ȻȻ¶Ц⡣
˼ֱҵĸǡ
ؿڳ˼Ķͷһ£һƬ㡣
-

494 ᱦ

ʱһؾһ𶯣˼һ׷׿ͷա
ֻ֮ϷƱ䣬֮ơ
˴δֻԶӵһһߺߣһؾҪرˣٲߣԶҲȥˡ
ʵԶȥܻ߸
˼ʩչṦٶ뿪һؾ
˵ΪѾ˰Ʒ۷壬˿ʩչṦڿз졣
֮вӵܶ֡
Ľģмʵģġ
Ҫȥ˼ܻȥǣڣᡣ
Ϊһؾ֮У̫˼顣
µģֵΪһ鱦ĿɳģкøΪؼɱģЩΪ֪һؾ֮з˶١
˼룬ȻȺ˲һؾӦʱ׼ν
ܿ죬˾Ϳһؾĳڡ
˷ȥʱһؾڸոչرա
˼סĿڴڴϢգһͳȥˡ
ǰ
ؿһܣ־˳ˣɵüͷ
԰ôˣôֻ
ȷʵͦεġ
˼ֻһɹĸоȻʲôһʱ˵
Һõһؼһ¯ǵΪ˵Ƕһ˫ա
˼ó쵤Ǹӵ¯ûú̽һֻһOO@@ĽŲͻȻ
üͷѸٵ˳˼ǰ
˼æؾеٶҩռ䡣
λȻؾˣβóıøǣ˵׼һﻹǣǰȫؼҡ
һ˵ǵǰ
һȺ˴˳
ЩˣȻ˼ضʶЩ˾Ǹһһؾӵܡ
һ벶ȸں벻λӵܣҲϲЩɱ˶ᱦ飬Ȼôͣôؾ֮ȥ
ȥʲôؾǿɲȥ
Ϊ׵һĿ˼˲֮⣬һ˫۾´˼
һֽ˼һ¡
˼ǷϻΪЩӬ
Сĵ㡣
˼ǵĿһأȻԼķܸЩС˶࣬Ҳܲסս
һֱ۳̵ı׶֮ϡ
Ŷų˼ˣһץһ͸Ķơ
ľ˾ȻǸƷһóϵ书ġ
ӮǴ˲֪ĵĿһЦˮܿ˻𣬻ҲܿˮҪ㣬ֻʹûϵ书Ƿϵ
Цı׶ѵҵķʹ𣿡
˵գҲϻػһơ
һƴʮľ磬֮籩꣬ϵӲʯȫ
ˣЩӰ˵ĶҪҵʱеı׶͵طų
ƣ׶淢һ޴졣
Ȼȱվԭأأɫף˫ȶе㷢
ɾ޴ײףǸվԭ̩ɽ
˼˶֮ʵ⣬ɵõ
ս˼غϡ
սУÿضǱѹŴģÿؿҪսܵʱܾ˼κ˵嶼ЩԲˡ
ʱ򣬳˼룬ȥؼһңûвĵҩһЩ˵׼
ҩһɹںսĹУһսһ߷õҩǶԣǵҲȡ֮֮ˡ
ڱˣҲܽǺ
ڳ˼֮ʣһ죬ɾ޴ٶײһĩˣصӰ״ݺݵĶϷغ󣬻ڵҳһ޴ӡ
˼ǿһǸ仨ˮˣҩռ䣬գۼߡ
һٴ룬ɵڳĲˡ
˿϶ʲô鱦ʲô书ȻΪٶ֮졣
ʲôһǡ
վסϵıֻһ˵ģѵϹټ𣿡
صϹٷۻһȦˣˣΪϹٷóһ
Ϲٷ粽Ƴ˼أ˼ѾԵؾȻ޲ߡ
ȫϡ⡭
˼ɿص¶ʹ֮ɫ
ʱϹٷѾߵ˳˼ߣ޳ָ˼޵С΢΢̧
ҵŮˣҿԷŹˡ
-

495 

ʲô
˼ֱĶϹٷ磬Ŀ綾ߣϹٷ磬Ҳһ
ߣƲԳԷơ
ϹٷǷҪȥ˼Ĳ˼ӯӯһЦ֪ԷǾƷȻǰƷ۷壬ǸƷһأ򲻹Ǵ򲻹
һνӮ˳ɽҲǶԷЩ͸֧壬һƷ۷ƷڻҪһЩǲӮ
ɽͬ˵Ļʵ书ֲķ֮£ԣķҲ
ֻ˵ƷʵڲôˣҪᱦҪ˷ޡ
ҷҸҪӮˣҾͰѴؼ֮еıá
ֵϹٷһ٣ͻȻЦ
ǲŮ˵ģУܽס뿪ҵŮˣٰǴؾ֮еıãΣ
ԡ
˼Ц
Ϲٷƶ˼ӲָɽҲиһ֡
Ȼ˼δϹٷУֻֽ߬סصֻһֻϹٷ硣
Ϲٷ˳ò㿡ʣʾѣ֮á
ˣ˼ܹһ۵ģ̫ӣڳ˼УΪ˵òһųҲ
һƣȷ
ȷ
˼촽̣ϹٷŮһ㡣
ðɣҽϹٷ磬أ
˼
Է󣬳˼ϹٷòļԺ׻˵ĺɽڣûգסˡ
ʼɣ
˼ûпʼϹٷ粻ɵôߴٵ
˼һЦþȫϹٷĳһƣһƴһСϹٷʱ˴ݿ֮ƣЩΧ۵ˣҲܴһиܵη塣
Ϲٷ羪ѾΪʱ
ӦԷ֣¶ԷУһо־塣
Ʒ缴Ŀ֮ʣǳˡ
ȭסĿڣͬʱȭͷǰ滹һۿɼķ
ϹٷӲϳ˼һһ˵ɳȥɳ
⡭һô
ݺϹٷ磬ǽҳһӡ
ЩηϹٷԼϹټ˷׷ǰȥ̽飬ֻϹٷ֫ѶϣǸ߹ǶѾѲ¶˳
˲ɵõһҺϹٷ֣Ҫǿˡ
û뵽ǸŮ˱Ǹ˻Ҫ
ǰϹٷ硭
סڣ˵ҾϹټЩССɡ
Ϲٷ˫ͨ죬˿̳֮⣬Գ˼Ǻ޵˹
ŮˣȻôǰҪǴȥһɨء
ں뽫ЩȫɱκվѾûˡ
λ˭Ҫ͵ϹټңһʮƷĲ鵤
鵤ģսбزٵĵҩνǧһŰ
Ϲٷ˻һ˶Ϲٷؼҵ˼
һϹٷսթһ˴ͷ
գ˵Ϲٷؼҵ
ˣһǿ׳һеݣڶƷĸ֣˽ͻؼӦû⡣
˿̵ĳ˼Ѿؽҩռ䡣
ǡͥҲڣ˿ԼױŻԵĵؼˣСһ
Ȧ˲ͺˣܵ˼߳ŶԷ½ʵôˡ
˺صˣһκġ
˼һۺͥȻͥҲۣ˼ѣͥһɹġ
ͥȴܵܳȥ档
ţģʲôҪľܷԸҺ͵ܾܵš
Сһ뿪䣬˼һЦᡣ
ȵŹϣ˼һ۴ϵķĵ̾һȫϣҲжദˣƾҵҽ϶βõģҸô죿
˼һθеִЩߵ·
ץͷͣرԼһõİ취ȹ
ͻȻ˼һһؾ֮ó쵤¯˳
쵤䣬ʱҵһ
ֻҪ޸ѵĽԼ
˼ĬĬ
ֲʱֻͷˡ
ҪǧΡǧ֥ҪζֲһҹݣһǱѪ
ǧݵҩĳ˼ҲҹݺͱѪˡ
˼Ƭ̣˼ȸعӪҺӳʱ䡣
Щ˼һͥ
Ҫȥҩҩ֮пǧκǧֻ֥ܶҪΨһܾǵġ
ǧݵҩġ
ͥ¶𾪵ı顣
˼ЦĪ˵СӶò򵽡
-

496 ˳ҵֲ

ô˵ǶҪһԡ
ͥ뿪ҩռζǧݵҩˣڳ˼Ҫǰ֮أѰҹݺͱѪ
ҹڸߺεɽ֮ϣǳ˼ҩռ䣬Լ͵˸ɽ֮ϡ
ʱѾϡ
˼óһֵͲʼһһѰҹݡ
˼壬ҹܹ⣬οҶݣҶݴͬ
ҹݵҶƬĸϵȴڿС
֮ҹݾһһжɵֲ
˼Ҳֲһ뵽һζҪֲһжͨˣϾǧ治С
һ˼Ѿͷ󺹡
ʱһ˫Ѫɫ۾ȻڲԶ֮ϡ
˼һϸһǰѪɫðź۾еһ뵽ı޳
쵤ϵļأҹݳֵĵطһг
ҹжӣҲ˵ǳϲԵֲ
һޡ
˼һҩռóһѳ֮С
˶񣬻޷˵ĳųֵķ󲽶ȥ
ֻҪܾȷǰ·жôߣҪһԡ
˫Ѫɫ۾֮ǰһӰһ㳯ų˼˶еɳɳ˼ֻúһ
˼Ҳ˳ȫò
裬ƬѪһƬѪɫһѪȿֲ֮
ţӵͷų˼죬һ˫ͭѪ飬ų˼·Ѿ˼в͡
ȻһŸϢȷ紵˳˼
˼ֻоͷһڣۿͷҪİӸȥǧһ֮ʣ˼ųĿǻѸĳһơ
һƴӳĿǻֱӴĸң˼˹
ֻһ죬жϳأĲ
˼Ҳû뵽ԼôãҪ֪ǰƷޣȰƷ۷Ĵʦ
ѹһͷԣͬȼ޺ֻ࣬бѹŴķݶ
˼ֻȫˡ
һڳʬ鸽СѰҹݡ
ڣһ׹ע⡣
һϴĳԣһֲ
ֲĸ볤ڿ֮Уʱ⡣
ûҹˡ
֮࣬˼һСӣСĵĽҹݴ֮˳
漴˼ҹݷ֮Уҹȷʵ쵤мصһϵڿУҶƬС
õҹݣ˼δиǴȥҵڶζֲѪ
Ѫи֣ͨϰһǳ̶֮С
ѪҪΪ̡
ĵطܶ˵ˮ̶ȻǼٵıѪ
쵤ϵݣ˼֪вֲѪǲǱѪ
ҪֱѪҲܼ򵥣ıѪһѪζžˣЩӦ
ٵıѪҪô磬Ҫô綾ޱȣǺֵġ
˼δϢһ·շתһΪҵڵĻɽ
Ҳˣոһˮ̶
ֻˮ̶֮жޱȣڳ˼òϿ֡
˼һƹˮ̶һ֮£һѪ
ҶƬһŻɫǧҶںҹ֮ɢŵĺ⡣
˼֪ҪõѪףֲԱ߿϶޳û
˼ȷ˼δҡֱˮ̶ȥñѪ
ڱѪޱȣֱȡøֶȡֻƾһ˫ƣѪժ¡
ˮ̶˼پ̹ǣ죬ˮ̶֮УشϺ
˼һǰߡ
˫ֿҪѪʱ򣬽һǲȵʲô˼ЩԽˮ̶֮С
á
˼вѸٲ±Ѫ󣬽䶪ҩռ䡣
ͬʱ˼ֻĪһţһȫѪҺڱŸɵָо
ĬƬ̣˼żһ㣬ڵʩչṦɵ˰ߡ
˫֮ϲƵĶʱ˼ûΡ
ʷʵˮΣһֻгıӴСֱĽף̰Ѫ
ŭ֮£˼߶ʮˮηֱĳһơ
һƣҩռֻˮĵѪģĳ˼ȫѪҺ
õζֲоˡ
˼Ҳ˲ϵѪۣɽȥҩܲǧݵζҩ
ҲԼӣܾöһ˾ͶһҪ򲻵أնΪķǵĵ
-

497 ܲ

ʲôҪǧĺκǧ֥
һҩ̵ϰĿ̨߶ûеӡ
ҪǼǴû͸ϳȥˡ
ǵģҵζҩľأ
һС˵ģ˵ޱ档
ϰ岻ţϾ˭ϵĻСӵĻ
ͥѿϰ˼㽫ϵŵĲõϣ漴ϰ潫ſ˵жʮƽصҾòˣЩǶҪϰУǾͻȥøǮ˵׼ǵѾˡ
ϰ忴ƽûɳ
˵ǧݵҩϡУ޳ǣĪ˵ǧݵҩģǧݵֲൽô֡
ղͬϧڹȥкܶʦֲҩˣЩҩ٣õҲ١
Ī˵ʮƽ𣬾ǸһƽҲ
λԵȡ
ϰתߵĲֿ⡣
ͥ࿴һۣæȥǰ׼Ĳſ˽
漴ֽͥװƽĲͻҩռ䡣
֮ǰͲϰ塣
һϲҩϰ壬ܲȾɫ䵱˲ΣһΣһүү˲θˮӲһ˭֪ȥ˲ˮһϴͳܲ
ʱүүϰҪ˵˵ûֵڶүүĹﱻԼѪ˵ĺܲҡ
кܶϰĹ£ͥʱ˵飬֪ϰкҩֻǶԷرϲƭһһģʽ
죬ΪģҲҪΪЩ޹֮ˣúһϰ塣
ܿ죬ϰʹӲֿ˳϶ӣ⿴֪һҲˡ
ͥٶȼĻһۣͥЦϰ壬ƭǣװܲײľǶʮƽҪ׬ȥˡ
ȵȣ߰ǧκǧ֥
ϰʮƶ
ʵû˱ϰԼ
ӻöԸѽϰдһ䣬ƼѾߵſڣ㳯Ųֿķһۣʱ߸˳
󺺸Ʒ۷Ĵʦмģϰʮ
ͥܵΣգһ٣תͷǱǲ׵ĴʦͷųԼƷʦ۷ʵ˽һ棬ͱСŵɳȥס
ɲǼ䣬ϰɵˣˡ
ֻѺκ֥óǶʮƽĺֵˡ
ʮƽҲ׬ѽϰϸϸһ룬ɫȻһתƽ׽˵Ĵ塣
λСүΪȥҩ
ܿ죬ϰٶȳһõҩ
ͥ˺ü飬ȷû󣬾ͥװлƽĲϰ塣
ϰƽʱСһѸܳҩ̡
ЩɵĴҪ˵ЩʲôʲôҲû˵˹ȥ
ϰóһƽϸ˿ϵЦͻȻһ٣漴һƽԪϵĽֽ˺ȴһԪ
ϰһһԪȫ˳û뵽ЩԪȫǼٵġ
ˣСӣܵĺҲҪץ
ϰָſڴȻòܵȥСˣȻûȴǰһΣͻȻһѪŮˡ
ϰŵôһӶЩˡ
˼ЦϰĪ£ҸոɱֻѪޣƽʱġ
ϰĿڣŭϵ
ҩûǧκǧ֥
ζҩģϰ붼û˵С
ſѪڱҪѿ׬
һ˼ԷֻһЩϵĲȴǼֵƵģ˼һ˵УܹҩҪʮƽ𡣡
˼ȷУʮƽ˵ͲǮ
ϰʮƽպá
˼óһװʮĻƽϰ塣
ǧһ֮ʣһ˫СֺȻץס˳˼ȹڣţ˼ͬƽһʧϰҰС
ϰҿ˿پ󼹱
죬ģ겻аˡ
˵ţϰæ˻ҩ̽ҩ̹š
˼ԼĶקҩռ䣬ʾơ
˵˵ô£
κ֥ѾˣǸϰһƭӣҲ㱻ƭԲŰġ
ͷҿ˼
˼˲ôˣԴϰΪΣĺκ֥ҲֵǮģͥһ𣬸ϰƽ𡣡
Ŷ
ƳƳ죬ǲģʱ߸ӡ
˼תͷһͥͥͷ㣬ǴӦ˼á
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498 

ߴСһȥ˯˼㽫Լڷ￪ʼ
һַǳĵҩһôδĳ˼˵һȵ컹ѵ顣
һ˼쵤˳
ҵĵǿһƲ裬˼һ˫ÿüͷ
Ҫ֪ģϾС˵ﶼôдġ
ĳ룬ûνĽָԴ磬Ҳǵ˺Ӳ֪绹һƬδ漰Ĵ½޳ǡ
ǲܵˣֻͨĻˡ
˵ţ˼Ѿؾһͬõ¯̨ϡ
Ҳ֪ںԭ̨Ȼƺȡ֮֮Ҫ֪ڹȥȻ͵һҪֻͨÿ½һεģֻʲôȫûˣȻʲôģȻȻͲˡ
뵽˼Ĵ΢΢̣˼Цݡ
ֲζǧݵҩȫڣţ¯ʼƵҩ
ɻľǽֲҩõгɼΣһմȾ˷֮ҩֻܳΪͨĵҩ
쵤ϵʾ˼ҪԼֲҩи飬Ȼٴ潫ֲҩĵҩ֭ҩȫ롣
óҩ֭ͨɵóҩ
˼ÿһ裬׼¯̺һơ
˼ҲûһƺܲܳɹǸδ֪ԲŵһƵʱ򣬳˼һֻۣҩĵķ֮һܳѣɻҩġ
һȥó˼ĸܵ¯ڵҩѾҡ
ͬʱ˼ٶֻ֣ڹ̵¯ϡ
Ҫʱͨˣ¯ĸѽ˵ˣǳ˼ַ棬͸һʯһ޲ĵط
ҩֻĲ裬㲻϶ิӡ
žǷķԼھ˼һ߻Ӷ˫֣һ߶߶
ÿһӡĴ¯ϣӡ¯δβ¡
֪˶ã˼һ¯¯ǣһ
һ¯ڷٴܳţŵҩ¯ڷ˳
˼СһץԲĵҩץ֮С
ɿģһҩһڵҩ˼;һůͨȫһ泩
û뵽һξͳɹˣʵ̫ˡ
˼ĵĿеĵҩϸϸһ۲죬СĻɫҩϣۿɼĻɫơ
˼ٶľȻƷƷҩƾζƷƷҩ
һ뵽˻Զʱķ˼Ҵߣһιص
ҩڼ
лڻԵֻԼһܳܳΣУ˼˺ܶຢӣһ붼Ů
һ۵СŮͣΧ
̲סЦЦЦţЩŮһһֽʧһյ͵شӴԼڴϺ󣬲ɵø˸Ŀڡ
ԭֻһΡ
춯ڴſһҹĳ˼̧ͷԼҹ˼ķѺ󣬳˼ϲ
ץסصеˡ
˼ٹʱվӣöŮ
ԼķĿԼ˼֪ôܾ
ϾŮǲɿصģһкأ
˼ҴӦԷʲôĺӣֻܵͷӦ¶
ĵغȻ뵽Լ壬ɻĿ˼˼˰˵βõģô
ؾ֮еõһ쵤һ¯𣿡
ԭˡ
οĿų˼ֻӣⱲҲʱ⡣
涯ͥƿžܣԼӣֱ쿪֣ͬ˼һ˻
һΪҲѲˡ
ͥ޵
ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳſޡ
ˣ˼ûɵıͷһᣬ˵ףأҲǹûġ
˼ֱַһ¶˵ԴǵĵѣϢһȥ䣬緹ٽǡ
ţһú䣬Ƚбٱ
ֵܶͬ
˵ͯ޼ɣ˼ܴӶ˵֮пζ
߳ȥʮĿСһıӰĶӣҲϱӻ˸ˡ
ǣҪȻТ˳
˼Ÿ͡
ܿ죬緹ˣŶһӣܶ󣬾˭Ҳû÷˳Է
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499 

극һ˾;һ档
ǰ˵磬ȥɽɣ˵챦챦Ϊڽɽ֮ʱΪֵ׽ٵ鱦
˻һ˽¶𾪵顣
𾪵ĻͥСԴô֪¶ΪʲôҲ֪
ȻʱҹҶȥԣڽֱ̯˵ġ
մմϲ
Ȼ֪ҹʱ򣬳˼һ
סĶԽԽˣȻҹ
šˣۡ
ԼʰһԵֻó䵱ȸ
û취˼ɵЭ飬˺󲻹˭еĺӣҪһƣһǹ
ͱڣ˼ʰôΪ׵ؾҪʱս޲޲֡
˼ǵĶӣûʹҵ
طȻһ˶һ
Լĵת֪ͥʹͨˣֻΪԼĵܵԺҪôˡ
ﻵ
ƺҵĹǣƲ˼һѱһء
һˣϷŵҲˣСһҲ֪ǲ׼ʱ䣬ƫƫʱ򰲰ǰԷ
극һɣģ͵ʲôҲûз
һת䣬˼أҲû뵽
Ƭ̹һ˴Ҫó˼˼֪ղŴ˴ֻӦҪ
ҪԱǺ«
˼߸ָ߱ŽֵߺǺ«˵
˼ֻǿһǱǺ«üͷ˲
ûʲôóԵģ㿴öӬڸȥأ
вӬҲˡ
ƳƳ죬Ȼ˵Ųԣͷġ
˼Ϊף֪еġ
ǣҩռóһǵݸ
ܸɾġ
ǰǣСɡ̫ˣϲˡ
СƽЩ죬˼ûóöԷ֪С
һǾͺͥЦܻܵ㣬Ҳã벻еᷳ
һڶûнĻϣ˭֪ûһͿֵģһ˿ľơ
ľдšѰ
ҵصɽɽ֣˼һԼҷ
زɻĿ˼˼ǲʲô£
ţõ챦Կһö
ϸų˼ĻϸϸһƷǾʮе
˼йԵɽʱףʲôûУѵƾһ춷ⲻܡ
ãǾ챦
˼ཻһȥѰ챦
ڴ֮ǰСһؼҲǡ
˸û˵ӣ˼ǽͷ˵֪ˣҪȥǸ챦һˣǾͻһԭһ⹫Żˡ
𣿴صȥϼʲôӡ
˼֣صĵ˵ͷ
õӦʺסͥһҩռ䡣
˼֪ӿ϶ߺȥĵطˣֻҪǣȫġ
һݡ
ľƺðĴѰ˼ţҪûˣһȥˣɾʱһԿŮ˹
˲ɵסͣе˧ҲͰˣŮ˳üֱ޳ǵһŮҲΪ
˵ĿڴԼӣؼͷųƷ۷ѹʹˡ
Ϊ͵ģֱſڵģʮֻ
ȻǰƷ۷ǿߣ˸һҵİȫбˡ
ľƵĴϲ⡣
һЩˣȴ̲ס²۴󺺡㶮ʲô㲻Ʒڣ˼һֻܵʯ
ҲûҪ챦ȥʶҪ֪޳Ǹƣ˵챦ܶ涼воƷģЩֻǶ겻£ǲڣԣƷĸҲֻгһˣ˵ࡣ
󺺵ĻһǾףˡ
ԭΪ˽ʶţ˵õĽӲǿ书ȥһ棬ʱȻȻ
еһȺ˳зеڶȺˣһԴΪˣһС顣
˼صʵСеٮٮߣֱһˣó˼زɵþ
һʮµˣͷЩףƽƽʵȴǾƷ۷壬һˣǶʶϹٷ硣
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500 

׻˵ĺó˼Ƿۺ죬˼ٿϹٷ磬ֻ뽫һκζԷʵǿϴһƶûн֮شοˡ
ز˼æְļϡ
˼ĪҪ嶯Ļǡ
İɣִ֪硣
˼һֻϢģϾǿһƷĸ֣ȻͷǰƷ۷壬һ׾ǾһأԷɱǡ
˼ΪȥһԽ֣ܶڵһжˡ
ֻ˵ˣ졣
ɣϹٷҲע⵽˳˼أһ˫۾ƺһ𣬽Ϊҽ
ϴθˣһǸ˱Ůˣٺ١
ţϹٷ̲סЦ
һԵ˺ǱĵĿһϹٷ磬ĿͶ˼أԼ֪ôһˡ
Ǳ𣿡
Ƕˣı켣ȻƾҾƷΪҵĶ֡
ϹٷϲԼˣȴǺ
ǸŮƺʲô챦ЩҪֻҪõǸŮˣôһоͶˡ
ܷŹˣȻ´ȥϹټҵ׻ҪҪˡ
ϹҹĿϹٷ硣
Ϲٷ罣üһ˲뷨
ǴŻͽƣָˣָһɽ챦û
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˵׶ĸףϹټҵļ˭ãƫƫһϹټһĶ
ģһһҲϣҪڹؼʱ侮ʯǡ
ߣ
ϹҵһϹٷ磬ȻϿ̫ȴ͸˶Է
ֻҪѰ챦;У֪Сӣô챦ͻ᳹׵׳Ϊģڽļ֮λҲӵġ
ϹƵ𾢶ȴ֪һԵϹٷѳų˼صķȥ
˼Ϲٷڳͷķ˶һͷ⬣ʱ׼Ӧս
ⲻ֪Ϲٷһ߽ˣûжҲûԽ飬ǴĿ⿴ˡ
λʽף
ףȥ֡
¹⻰ʲô˼ǵһôʣҲò˰ɣߣҶû˵ʲôһ˵ˣ϶ܾ
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˼֪ϹٷԲĪǺһ˼ֵ飬ͷ뵽ǸϹٷ˼¡
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˵˵
Ϲٷ̲סһ䣬ǼԷźú󣬾͸ѳ˼طˡ
ǸûУҶϹңѰ챦ʱ򣬳ûңȻ챦ԼϹټҼ֮λӵˡһӣһǻҲõǶǿǿߣʡõôĶ֪
Ϲٷ˵ȻԶԡ
زŲϹٷôģǽ˼˼СϹٷȫƣ޷ǶѣԷҪɱǾʱǵ챦ֱӶ
˼ͷϹٷ翴޶顣
ʵȻ˼ЦβϻɱĶԸϹٷ磬Ϲٷ磬ҪѶԸĶࡣ
һΣ˼ٲҴţϹٷ羫ƣ֮ʣԷһ
ͬ⡣
˼ǰ˵
ϹٷӯӯһЦĵɵϵˡ
ϹʱҲ˹ϹٷһԿŮĵüͷɵý
λǡ
λҵѣһȥɽѰ챦
ѡ
ϹĬĬѶ֣ǳ֮ɫ
ֶΪˣֽ˵ѣȻǴĳֹʶΪľǶԸ
ܺãǾƷ۷ĸ֣޳ǴùˣһֶֻƷ۷ʲôãһʰˡ
˼֪ϹҲǸöԸʶֻǵͷ˵صߡ
ظɴϹңϹٷһûһ
Ϲұ䣬һӱ˹¼ҹˣֻܵӵ۾
λǸģ챦Ҫ
֪˶ãϹֻӲͷƤ˵̸ָŲԶѾԶ˴ߴٵ
Ҳ߰ɣ
ų˼ǰ档
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501 

£Űɣ
رĻУʲôģڡ
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˼֪ΪΣԼҷ˵仰ͷر̤ʵͰġ
ɽΪ޳Ǽ֮أѩǣ¸ǵ͵Ҫ
Ȼȴϲ޺ޣ޴ǲ̵ĲͶ޶ΪϺСͶ
Ѱˣŵɽ
˶бһ˾ʹ˺صӡ
ڳ˼أȴе⡣
˷ֱһŸ߿Ƽ޷·ůͣʮȲóأҲۡ
Ϲٷͷһμ·̲סʵ¹Ǵô٣𣿡
˵ţҪԼø˼
ʱһֵֻϹٷݹӡ
ˣǵ·ǵ·һ
Ҳ֪ǲ뱨ԷֱϹٷ֣öԷַԼ촦
ȵһȴϹٷʱҪָһӲ
·ȻܹԼȡ
Ϲٷ羪Ĵڴ
ⲻ˵ãһ˵˵עȫ˹
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һ·Ҳǲô͵һӵǿѡ
ҲŮǺǻĿǰ˵ŮӣĿǰĽ϶Ǻõġ
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ģݺ޳ʮ꣬ǵһμ·
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ԣ˼ǣкܶ·
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ģֱҵ챦ģӣҪ￪ӣ㿪ҵ죬һһǧ·
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ҵģӣҪҵ챦ɶ㣬Ҫ챦ʲôģһѶԷж˿顣
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лǰʶôã֪ǰմ
ҽзãϾţһƷ۷ĴʦôʵǵһЩˡ
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Ǹð벻ҵɱ˲գ۵ŮɷǣȻޡ
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502 

˷ôͷ˭Ҳٿ˼ء
ʵΪƷ֮Щ⣬˭ķůһȵ챦յޣɲͳϵ⣬׸ˡ
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˼ʮָмλãҲ˵ԷʲôĿģĿǰǵЩ飬øС
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Ӧһüͷ壬һֲ˵ĸо
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ǰҪǲ˵Ҳǿѡ
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ȻֻЦȫѸղŵϡ
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Ϲһ˵
Ϲٷ綼ˣҪˣĸѧˡ
ƲϹңϹٷӰһƿĶȻ߽˼
¹챦ֵʱ䲻Ҳڽ죬ҲҲ˵һȻģҳЩҲůůӡ
˵ţϹٷͽݵ˳˼ǰ
˼ʮϹٷ磬ǶԷƵĿ⣬޲ý
Ŀͣǿƿʱ˼̲סҪһ
ȳ˼֣һֻһ˵
˼תͷȴؽƤʲôǺ
˼Цһ̳ӡ
Ϲٷ״أ͸¹ĵɲʲôûʶ
Ҳһ䣬˵޲ۡ
һѶԵֻʣƤĵϹٷ
-

503 

⻰䲻Ĵ֮˵Ķ˲ʹһȴ챦۷׷
Ӵû뵽ϹټҵĴүȻϲ˵ӡ
ɲһ

סڣǶʲô챦һޣֻѡһôǣֻҪģֻҪĸġ
⣬ܰ
شҵ⡣
Ϲٷ类ͷָЩĿ¶׹⡣
û취ʵϹٷֻܹԹԵӣ̵޷Ǵ˵˶࣬û˻㶯֣ʲŶϹٷмΡ
ңѡĸġ
ܺãѡĸģĸû˰ԲȣҪ˼ͻ
⻹ѡ𣿡
شǶϹٷ籾ηģƼԷôһ޽⣬Լ˵ʲôǴʱҲƢ
ϹٷЦʵǶõһޣȻһԣֻдһܷáΪʲôǾͲôƹأҪȻǰ;գһ·նҶԳ¹ĸҲˣǲãֻҪһֻҪ㹻ʵٲ˿ãԺҲܳΪеĿŮ
˻һȫȻ˼ض˵һ仰
ιطȻ
ָϹٷһһٵҪģȴûôҪģѴű˷˵ף޳ǵĵһˡ
ΪԼݣ˼Ϲٷӡνһǧɡ
ߵм䣬ǳԼķҡҡͷʾⲻҪ˵ˡ
ҲǼþգ˵һߡ
˼תһּĿ⿴Ϲٷ硰ǵ˾ʹ˽ϹүĪҪ
¹㶼һµ𣿡
ʲôҺͷ޶üˣͻȻðôһ£㲻ҪһҪأ
˼߿
ϹٷǱ⻰˵Ĳᣬ˶ˡ
ãϹٷ̧ͷ˼Ŀһۡ
ǺģϹٷҪһŮˣɴû˵˼ֵģȻҵòҾ͡
Ϲٷ粢δ˵꣬һĴЦⳡ־硣
˳˼أЩˣÿһǺ󼹱
ϧˣ˭֪Ϲټҵλүϲŭ޳˵һԷ޵Ϲٷ磬͵ͬڵϹټ壬Ժ޳ǻˡ
ǰƷ۷ΪϹٷǾƷ۷ڣ޺Ӧԣʤġ
˵Щģͣвܳˡ
˼ٴڸȥһٵĵطš
öϹٷ̬֮Աǣһ·ų˼أӰ롣
ӣϹٷǶɱѽ
ֲǵһˣûʲôֵġ
һѰ˼֮Ĺϵˡ
ԭϹٷϲ˼ǰߵòٵ
ߣ˾Ӧ
̫ˣܡ
ؼϵһѩݺݵϹٷķ
һˣ˼ĵȴ챦ͬʱ޳Ҳһ¡
޳ǳڣɽѾ˰£ͷҲðײҲԵ˲١
¹ڣĹײģ¡
߰ɣȥõҩ̣ҵҪ˼أҪôһ
ǳ
ˣߡ
ɽһӣһТ
ֽǮģרſɥģˢźĹײǱɽĸ̧š
Ⱥ˺ƺƵĳ˸һӺ̲סЦ
Ȼ˼գá
˵ʲô
ϿһСϵȴĵĴ
һ٣֪󣬴Ͽ˺þãмζ˹ȥڱ侮ʯֳֻ֪ʲôӡ
Ϻµתͷȴһ˲˶ʮ
㣬ڰ
è޺ӣ㣬ղ˵ʲô˵һ顣
㣬ҿʲôû˵
Ϻһһ
ȴӣˣΪʲôŮ˾ǲϡ
Ů϶㺦ģ϶㣬Ҫɱ㡣
Ͻŵڶˣһ˲䣬ֻҪޣһ˫־ҪϵĲ
Ҳ˳ܵһ㣬һգԴһײȥ
ӱײú죬εϣֻô˿ޱȵѡ
תͷԹĿϡɱŮҾɱŮ
Ůɱģ治ҡ
㣬ҪٽƱˣʲôˣѵһ֪𣿡
ýʵĺС
ĻҪ֪һɱ˶ԷŮҲùڵǿ
-

504 ڻʳ

ϺСڼĲɿǼλ׷׶㵽һߣεĿȰˡĪҪٴˣҪǸүֻ֪ᷢʲô飿
סڣֲŮ֪ʲô
϶ݺݵĵһˡ
һ٣˳ԺӣôԶŴ˺С檶Ժﻥ˺
ʮ̣Ҳû˺Ƣɴཫڲʮŭȫй˳
ģŮŮŮʲôҿĿŮˣʣһ¼ҹˣҿʲôҶ
˵ʵˣŮ㺦ģҽɱ㣬ɱŮ
ҪϲϴŴž;ﲻԾȻջ֣ҪٴεĶͷǡúʹһνӴǸĥһƤʱѪֱ
ʹ˲٣ЩľګĿһϣҧ촽үأ
үȥҼˣ˵ǳ˼ɱ˴С㡣
ûһֱ⣬һʱ벻ʲô⣬ϵһͨܣƺһЩʲô
δϿڣ˶Щġ
ǳ˼ѾȥɽЩӸڣүʱȥǰթ𣿡
һѰ˼ϵ˲֪ˣүү᲻֮Գų˼ȥһؾʱҲȥһؾĲʣ¹ڣүһվΪɥ£ԭүᡣ
Ȼ͸ĸŮϵͬ顣
뵽һˣֻһֱ˵ﲻԾǴ󳹴ˡ
һؾ֣˵뿪֮ǰүһǬװ˲鱦Ըһ뿪Ƿǵؾ֮ʲô飬ĳЩˣʶɥȪ
ãһԣҾ֪ǲɵġ
ϲͣᡣ
ãҪǽˣôŮصޣһδ˺߹·
Ǻãԡ
ǣ˺Ͷ˺ȻֺˣӲɳ
ǲˣ
ҿ˵׼ʲô
ǽͷӶͬʱҲڰϲö˽˸ŪĻЩڳͷҲ͸ùһЩ
ѾصϺϴ˿̶ѰģΪǿҪ֪Ǹˡ
Ͼ֮ͨȴΪԣΪˣಡǸֶ
Ҳǵҳ˵ȱһ޷ܵġ
ǰ϶ǸɽһЩ޳ǵĽλãΪ˲ܵɣϾɽڿıڵĿҲҪֳһЩˡ
ɽͬˣҶԴҲŲɡ
ɽУֻһ뷢ƱϺúõĻȥ
ЩϰɽܶΣҲΪ˲ٺ£ϲûܵɡ
Ҫ˵ΨһĲңŮСһֱãΪɽѰҿŵŮ˶ⶵģϾȱҲתƵϵġ
һΣðգٻ꣬ҲҪ֪Ǹ˵Ĺﵽжڡ
ϴӴóһӣѾ˲ǺЩ궼ûˡ
Ӵ򿪣óǮһڵŹĹǡ
ĻҳһĿϡ
ͷ𣿡
ϽϵһֻȡŨܼܱ߻вٱʯ׺
ǴһܿжôںŮͬںСһ
ʱҼһͷҽһֻֻҴ˺ܶˣʱһ
ֻţѾӹֻֻ֮д˴ֽ꣬Ǯ֮д˴꣬Щ㽫ǮŽ˹֮С
һ춯ҡŹʱһӹ֮мɳ
ţ죬ͼǮʮֹķʽû˷С
۲ǮԷɵ˳̶ԼƣȻ󾪡
⡭ǺڻʳӵģȻүڱָʹġ
ڻʳʲô˼
ʹεĿϡ
һĭȷҪ֪
˵
һ֣ƺѾȫ׼
һǮһڻ״ǮȫںڻУǺڻʳӡ˼˵᲻ϧһд۱סԼĵλȨĺӶǿʱĿ
-

505 թ

ϿǶǮķǮԴӹзɳ󣬾ڷ֮ϴơ
ƲǴ۸ӣγһڻ״
ǮǺڻߵ⣬һ븹еġ
һԣ˭ǺĻףĳòȻԭα¶
ͨһԵڵأз˺ѷεĲҽС
úޣúΪʲô޸ˡ
ڵʹ޺ǰ˵䣬Ȱһ¶Էһ뵽Ϊ޼ҵĸ϶үˣҪ˵ЩʲôԵеè޺Ӽٴȱζˡ
һ룬ϻǷȥȰοϡ
źƺƵһȺ˵ɽ˿żñƽ
޳кܶãɽҼǾҲ޳õļá
Ļϰ壬ɽ֪ǳ˼ء
ԽԽˣҪǲݺթһʣǸɵӡ
˵ҲɣͥǡļгԷ
ҩϰִģȻǸŮˣڸ棬ܳԽ˵ġ
ͻľ⣬ȣҩ̵Ĳһ;ԼĲҩ̣һֱƷĴӣҩӦһֲԼҩصһ
ҩģַԷһԼҪľ͵һ̶Ĺ̨ˡ
˵ҩʽһεŮϰģҲΪˣǧѡӱΪļõϰ塣
ϰ壬֪ϰ塣
ɹǣĻϰϰĹǮҩ̵һ롣
һɣϰ帻ͣôϰļҲ̾Ϊ˲壬νһ˵õȮţ
ѩĺ⡣
ѩһݾȵĺе
ĽŽһֻ۾Ȼһѩ̣ǲǻʣ㰡ȫûζ
ɲզأⶼ̵ģˣҼҺҲԣ쳳أ
ѩܵСӵĿ佱϶ʱЦ⡣
ʱõĴͷһг
˸ţǸ˳Ȼҩ̿ɾͿȥˡ
˭֪˻һû˾Ѿ·ϰոΧˡ
ɽļһĿ˵ҿǳǵҪ𣿡
ޡ͹Լˣʲôģúһ㶼˼μۣĳЩطʲôģҲǳԾȣӶԸ⣬˼˵Լǳǿ㲻еǮˡ
һ긾˱ĵ˵
ⲻ˵ãһ˵ʱ˲˵Ŀʷ
ɣͷ
ǰ̧ڹײĵ˼ã˵˼ҵҩ˰ɣҸ㣬ǰҲʧˣôţЩȫƭӣթġҩȻЩĺãǾԲ˸ƻһ˵ǲǡ
ǡ
ȻɽС
ɽ֪޳ǵİǰʲôΪʲôȨƶΪ˭Ҳû԰յŭ
ΪֻҪ˰յĵߣһٸҲᱻǿеʣ
ҪʱλõļϽͣôͷˡ
λϢŭ··ѡ
ɽ˵ҲΪóһڴߴһ
ɽľ֪ʲôʱ򣬼ڰյѾˣ֪մ˷չȥǺǻ
ɽ˼֮ʣһ͵Ů
ԭǳã֪ν°
Ѿ˺ðϷѩӼ˳󻹸ӣģʮֿɰ
ΪѩóһɽۣѩıͻȻ
ϣǵĴϰɣû뵽Ǹ˶
ʲôʱĿζȻз֮˺ĸ׵ŮȤ
ѩɽϻָּг𣬼ɽȻû
ɽһѩ֮ɫһӱ
Ů˺󵨣ҹΪʲôŮûϲзֱ֮Ц
ȻˣǾȥɣ
ѩ˹ǣ֪ܽɽߣԷϲŮһһʥ޳ֲʲôܡ
ɽ˸ûȤתҪߣվѩͥȴ˳
վס
һ
ɽһ飬ĵ˭
-

506 ϵĶ

ɽתȴһźǶСҲģ
˭ҺӣŻ
ҡҼһ͵ĶӣǸ֪СɫҴȴ޳ǵСϰա˵Ÿײˣײװ˭Ҫôһ￴ɣȻ˼ã˵׼Ůǳ˼õҩβŮôһһƣʲô
ڳЩģԼ˺ðεĻһ˵˳
Ҫƽʱڿڳݲ壬Ҫǽ쵱˵˵Щš
ɽֱ飬޳ǵİգǴҪŪ
УԲ԰ܸһСȻͲҪˡ
Ҷ˵·ŮôңһСͲҪˡ
ȴ룬ôһ˵˶Ըˡ
˵ڳûһ뱨ģ˲ǲɵ
򿪹ײĿһɣǿŮ?
ǣѲɳˡ

һһȻӸ˲ɽҲɽһɳɷɷױɫ
֮Ѿˡ
ߣøЩ֪һʶظ
ɽһӱҪߡ
ĽɽһڻȫΧɽɫ䣬ҲЩ١ʲô
򿪹ײǿһߡ
󵨣ţЩҸߡ
Ȼڳÿһ˶Ͼû˻Ϊ˳޳ǵİա
ɽִ򼸸ˣɱӺʱĹײһ죬Ź׸ǾͱһɴƷˡ
ȵɽӦʱֳ˲ըˡ
ʲôûУȻչײõթǲҪ
˵ˣ߰ɣҿͷ
һʱ䣬ɽǧָɵ˺һŽƿ׸ǵ˿塣
˲ǱˣǸʮֱĵС
㵨ҡ
ס֣벻óˣȻ飬Ҳ˳Ц
ʱѩǰ
ɽԭط˵ЩʲôͻȻԼÿһɶôĿЦ
ѩôãҲ֪˴˵ģǳİ࣬Ƽˣָ׼ǻܾˣһ˳ˮ顣
һҲ֪ǳһΪǳƺȶˣԴЩ⣬¶Ȼû̫˺ó߰ɣϾǸոŮϥӵģҲ֪ûк
˵ţһĶǵڳһϧðΡ
ɽԴһѣҪΪڣεˡ
ݺݵĿһѩԼѩСٻͷʱѾΪóһ
ڳҲɵ֪ѩãǳԲ򣬽ڼǰȫģǵ˱ĵط˭Ҳ֤ˡ
˼ҼΪ϶Щ˲ֶ֪Ρ
ɽźƺƵĶߺѩζĿһɽ뿪ķͬʱҲţȵӻͰɽһȫ
κβɽҲӦˡ
ͥǽŻȥԷ
һѩһһСٶȻص˼á
˼ҲָƽȻصҵɽĶβŸոտʼ
ԴϵԺ˼ʱ˾ͻصԼԺӡ
ԼϻЩʲôµ飬ܣΪүΪѾͨ͸ޱȣҪټװͿôһľпˡ
ײҪô죿
ɽո̤ϵԺӣһ̲סʵ
ȥˣڿžͷ
ǡ
Ҳϼ˱㽫ײ̧յ
ɽһ۷ŽյԷ֮ϽЩıЦ⡣
ǰƿԼķնǰȴЩɬ
ϾҲǺöķޡ
ˣһˡ
ү㣬ûϵɣ
ĵĲͷһ˫ȫǺѪ˿۾ĵɽ
ɽһ٣ĵǣԷ֪Щʲôɣ
ܣƾͷԶȻ²Է϶թ
һѰ˼ɽ¶ʹɫסϵ󣬰еˣ֪ͷܣ޾ͿްɣҪҲУûտŮ
ϺȻЦˣЦЦֿˣԽͷɽĿڷ
ɽϵı飬ҪǴ˿ܿϵı飬Ͳ˵Էˡ
ϵ沿ԸԼ¶ڣҪһȻһһĻٵˣٵ޼ңҪǳˡ
-

507 ѩȺ

һУȫΪŮˡ
һأһ¼һУȥһԼˣúǳΪƷ
ŮҲûӹı硣
͸ˣҪܳģҲԭϣҲζţ֮ûνķ֮飬ûνı˴ˣеֻơˡ
ȻˣҪ֣ȥԼŮ
磬һϵԺӣϻһĵԺ廨
ԼͷˣϾȻŮ˶˳
ù
ٽˣҾ㣬㵽ʲôֱֵʲô¶ûеˣҾúܿ¡
ߣֲŮʲô
ϰһϣܿϵĲֱ档
΢΢һ㶣ʲô
һܵϱ־롣
ҲʲôֻҪ㲻һҵŮҾʲôҲܣ
ҪҶǸأ
⡣
˵ķƵлǺȻѡ
û뵽һү鲻ϣȻҪү󶯸ɸꡣ
Ҫ˵ǰȻӣϾ˭ҲԸ⵱Ѹıˡ
үһ䱦䱦˷ϱ㲻Ľһ߼޻Ů¹ڣʵŮһֵΪƵһ
һ㣬֤ɽ硣
ˣ֮֮ңΪԼ֪һ죬᲻ΪԼŮġ
ϻش˸ɴ࣬Ҳе㲻ˡ
㵱治ӣ
ӣΪҲԵʳӣ
˽̸ؼʱ̣һյһ˵ϡ
볯ԺڿȥֻһѾ߱ŵõڵأ϶ŵ̵ˣϵĲͱҲˡ
ѾװԼʲôûͷСʰϵĲо֡
֪䣬ѾֻӰԼ
̧ͷŵе£ôλ˵ܹأ
СһöҪ͸㡣
ѾСԷķߡ
ϿٴӵϰһʯͷϺСĹ򣬽ٹͷʯͷصСԴ
Сһûüһغˡ
ӺݾҪϣڵϵľҰɣ
ҿɲɱ㣬ڵ͸졣
ȻӦϣܶԷʲôֻҪ˺Ůһк˵
ϴ˼˵͸һ˭˭ɲˣֻһһ
ǰûŮҾһˣǾۻƽı¡ģҲһҪҺүԼ޼ʬأ
˵仰ϽС籧ȻԵĿݾһڶһһ˶ȥ󣬻֡
ϣ϶Լĺëȫ
ûҶתͻصԼԺӡ
ڳԣһѾߣһѾǶ飬ûҪС֡
Сû˻ңȥҡ
ɽѩǧ⣬ûг˼·ˣһ÷
ǾƷ۷ϹҲЩԲˣͷһ۳˼һֳ飬ǰǫ֪λ¹İɻǴ·
ûˡ
˼ϹҾ˵ûС
̬Ϲŭգų˼ݺݵ¹ҿǾƷ۷֣޳ǣĸֶֻҪǵңҪϸʲôΣգ¶㶼㲻
λϹǰǱȵϵѩˣǰҲΪ޳ǵľƷ۷֮٣֪Ʒ۷ţëͨС壬һ̫ϳ򣬶Щ̫ϳϻڱչҪͷǲġһƷҲͲϡˡ
˵Ķԡ
бۿ˻Ϲң֮оǷ̡
Ϲһ˵ЩʲôɽȻҲ޴𵴣ЩĶʵһѪ
챦Ҫˣһһ־񡣡
ҪˣǺõȰ
һѩضʱ˵Ļ
ֵǣҲһѩָֻƽ
ô£
һֻƷΪЩϣ˿̱ƽɽѪ
ҿ˿һ˫ÿ۾Ȼһ
ãѩȺˡ
ʲôɽѩǿİ˵Ǵһ;ƷʦĿֲʵȺǿȾƷʦ۷壬ҪһȺǻˡ
ϻ˵һԼĿұó
»ֵǵĿ˼ضˡ
-

508 ǽ

˼ȻһЦǰֻ߱ǣչ˺Լ
ǺðɣȻǾƷ۷ĴʦɶԷʵǿᣬҲұ֤λİȫˣǾڴףԸ˳Ǳ˴ˡ
ڡ
˼ʼЦ·ѩǾ͸ڼĶһȫ첻κ˺
֪˾Բ򵥣ҪȻҲнĳɾͣ˵׶˶ѣʱͦǵˣ˾ڳǿ
һʵʵ˵ҲñԼ̹ϡ
ʩչṦ뿪Ҳв˸ŷõĽŲȥ
˼ЩΣִֹϲȣŴҲ㡣
ⲻ֪ȿɲһܱģǰǣø˼ҲУȻ·һ
ɽѰ챦ˣߵѾ߰˰ˣûߵǾƷڡƷڻоƷ۷Ĵʦ
Ȼ˳˼Ʒ۷⣬˴󶼱ŸҪⳡƽƴһƴƴӮ˶Լ˵Ҳһ£ƴӮ֮˲űҲȱЩ˲š
¹Ϊβߣ
˼ձվȣһΪ
˳ԴȥͿϹٷ
ϹٷһĻϹңֻ˿̵ˣ֮ϵıȴޱȵĹ졣
ʣµˣ˼ҲʶɢѹǾƷʦˡ
ɽϹټҵ𣿡
ǣֻǺȰ¹Ҳɷģһᱣġ
ߣʲôҵӻ㱣㻹ǵĶɣϾԷʹˣҪһСĹʲôģǾͲˡ
ʮĿһϹٷ磬֮гŭ
ϹٷЦȴһֱǿš
Ϲ˸㽫ϹٷԼȻߵ˼ǰ
Ϲҿ˺ðΣڶˡ
ϵ·ֶϹٷɱల¡
Ȼ˼Ц;Ϲһ飬û뵽ڹǵ·
ʵ·кܶ࣬ҲҪ˲ŻλϹңԸ·˶Է
Ҫ֪ϹټҵϹٷ磬һɱ˶ᱦһͽķȥûϹټҵ˱ˣִ·⣬ǺƤ
ǲ֪ѩǸǾƷ۷ʦʵ𣿿Աǲףǣƭ˵İɣ
˼һԻϹҵĻԡ
ϹͻȻЦֻҪǵ·ֶӳȥĻᡣ
˻һ˼ص򶨣򶨵ķ֡
һˣһתЦϹټн죬˵ĺ֣Ϲټҵ챦Ҫˣܣ챦ҲҪ
ⷬǸɵӶף˼ϴƱůҲҪ
ֻ˭ܳΪĻȸͲ֪ˡ
ǰ·ǰɣ
˼ǹֻҪǽ·Ϲټҵλ˻ͷѪ
á
·ֽӹ˼·ȻݺݵϹҡ
Ϲٷһ˭֪Ϲҵõ·Ⱦͽ˼һٵˣԼǴصһʮ⡣
һʱ䣬Ĵ裬Ϊ⺮ѩ˲Իõɫʡ
Ϲٷ缸ߣָϹҧгݵôɾͲˡ
ߣҺʱǶѪֻͶ̥ƫƫȡ֮Ǹ˵ĶӡģһϹټҵˣʬȥ
˵գϹҾԼٶȳԶȥ
Ҳһȥ׷ϹңϵõǼ·
໡
ͬʱɽһǺ
ѩǵĺЩͿ飬ѩ֮УȴƤ
˼ЦĿϹٷ硰ϹٴѵҪ𣿡
ѩȺߣҪ˼ߣȻ˺顣
ϹٷɫһĿ˼¹ٸһλᣬֻҪңҵŮˣҾʹ뿪ס˲뿪ܵ˺
ϱ˵ô죿
ȻŪ
ѹһ·ĻҲٿˡ
ӻһѺڶָһμһС׼ԼԴϹٷ磬ÿЦ
պÿԷȴѾָ
Ϲٷ磬һγ˼ĵƽˣҺϹټһȻͳһ
һΣԷ޿֣ҲȻӴ
ذָɲǣϹٷ˫ֳƣһܿǽϹٷǰ
-

509 

Ϊܵס𣿡
Ц
ֻһ죬һѪӭҪطӦ콫˼һѣĳϵѪ˳˼·ˡ
Ϲٷ粻ŵĶԼֻƣƫУмλþȻһۿɼѪð̲˵ͨѪѩ
⡭ôܣ
ߣ۵ڡ
ûиϹٷ紭ϢĻᣬ¾Ҫٴΰָ
룬Ϲٷ˾ԹĿأĿڳ˼ϡСӣҪԼƯ͸ϷˣүһΣүֻĿλҪһµˣټ
䣬ϹٷӻһԲε̳
أһĿĹâһ̣Ϲٷ˱ʧӰ١
ϹٷߺҲѳ˺üƬ
˼һ̣Ҫоһ£ȴһѳסߴٵ˼ǿȥ̫Σˡ
˼űƽȺ޿ֵ㻹ǵ÷һļ𣿡
ص뵽ղų˼һļһЩʲô棬㡣
ѵ⡭
ڸϵζȺΪǲʳõĶֻЩ˿ɾͲˡ
˼һϧı顣
ʲôЦ˼˵·ϷһܹȺҩ
ǣȺ׷ǵĺǣǻŴ·Ϲңֱ
ˣҵ˼
ؿļˣһʱûסڳ˼Ķͷϲźۼӡһǡ
ȺҪײϳ˼صʱѡų˼ʼնûжҡ
ȻΪ׵һֻѩſѪҪ˺ҧ˼ʱ͵һӣ˳ŵʲôĵĶ
ţһͷѩǳϷһɤӣȺ첽ϣŷɥѩȺֻ˼ˣһСֶΣƭˡ
˿У˼ʼоеƬ
ԭһ̣벻޳ǻֶ
ز⣬Ǵδ˵֮ģ١
˼ѵҲһռ鱦ʱ
ǣһܽ˴͵һط̣Ȼ󣬿ϧֻһΣҵҩռ䣬̾ԵЩˡ
˵գ˼ĽеƬ˵ϡ
Ϲٷӵˣһξûôõˡ
ϹһˣӲġ
ϹþȫܣЩȴǲӬһһ·
Эô϶ûӳɽĵؽ磬ѾľٱˣҪǲЭǻ
ϹΣ֮ʣ뵽ˣ뿪Ϲټҵʱһ̡
ȴϹٷ籣ܣģǺͿϾͰϺõҸأ
ͣ½Ųܡ
λȻôҪ·ҸǱǡ
Ϲҽϵ·£ҪЩľƷ֣ϣһǺ쳹أ뵹һ
Ϲ㶣˵ЩȺҪ׷ǣҪһЩʱ䣬Щʱ㹻ӳɽĵؽˣô
ˣѩȺˣˡ
ʲôƴˣ˻Ⱥڲɣ
ǣƴˡ
׷Ϲҵ˴ͬЭĶԿѩȺ
ϹֻԼ˴ˣԿѩȺǶǱ˵¶ֻлؼඡ
ȻȥɱѩǵȫһգѩȺƹȺˣѾԶϹ׷ȥ
˵ʯðΣȺһ˿˿ڡ
ۣ·ϾȻֲۣѩǻȺ׷ᣬϹ˼ƣЩˣɵĸš
ģ˵⹷Ӵ⣬ôڲŵ
˵·۵˱һݵŮ˽ס˶䣬۵Ĵ
ϹһӶҵıӷֱζ
ĸ˵ںĵطıҪƽʱһЩȻ۵ζͱˡ
Ů˾֮ɿ˶ԷĶ䡣
ô˵Ϲһ͵ʴˣǴҲţϽʡѩȺɱ
ɢȥȴһֱϹҡ
ϹԼùĽҪʱ̣ĴȴޱȵѣڣŵһζڼԵļҳܲ
ϹҲɵһ㰡
ԣⲻǲȶǡ·
æɫ··ϹȻӯůͣȴɢ㡣
ֻۣҪǣûвϲ۵ġ
Ϲһ٣ֲǳ˼˸ɴ࣬ԭ
-

510 ױ

СӣϷǻɻҲŹ㡣
Ϲҽе·һףһɴ·˷ɻҡ
Ⱥ͵ֹסӣʮֹĿⶢϹҡ
Ϲһ٣ͷһԼ·ɫˢһ¾Ͱˡ
Լ·ϢǼ˵·Ҫ
û취ֻҧؽԼ·Ҳˣһѩ֮оͶһλôˡ
ͷݵѩǳϹ·ԱһȦȻһɤӣѩҲ׷׾롣
һʱ䣬Ϲҵľͬѩصıһɤ
ţѩܹŹһѰ˼ЩȫʳһˣһƷ۷Ĵʦˣɵӡ
˿̳
ѩǿһϹӵ·ֿһϹң֮зŭ衣
˵һ·ĶȻֻ·
Щ·ˣԾϷˣǡ
һͷӴѩǺȻĿ¶׹⣬ٶһɤӣѩϹұ˹ȥ
Ϲ֪ڽӣʹԱķʽЩͬھ
ҪһѩãǶԻԧԧ죬ȻҲʲôźˡ
ѩҵļſѪڣǧһ֮ʣѩǸܵһΣյϢ
ǸͣȻۿɼٶѸͣգ۹ͱһ
ãҪԱǿܡ
ѩ໥һٶȳˡ
˵ҲϹңѩʲôɽһٶȿ죬ʵǿıҲһġ
ϹԱɲǣѩѾӵ˰ȫĵط
Ϲڱһ̣¶˲ʵ飬ͬʱлƻĺУధ뱯ʹ
䡭
һ̣ɽٶ֮ǰǿҡ
ɽصĳ˼һȣ˫˫ڵأվʱ˷ѩ˳Ŷϯ
⣬ѩˡ
˼˵ҩռ䣬Լͷ͵ҩռ֮С
Σպ󣬳˼ڱ̵ĲݵϴڴϢĸӣĴ£
ϹҰɣ
ؼЦ
˼˼Ƭ̣Ц˵пܣҪҲ̫Щ
⻹Ϲټ壬ҶҪ串𡣡
ؽҧأ˵ÿһֶǴＷġ
˼֪ϹٷЩִδֻҪǸˣûһ㡣
ҲֻһĿ쵽ҲÿһϹټҵһʲôȻ
ǳȥɣѾͣˡ
ã챦
˼С֮߬С
˼һɲǼֻصԭĵط
˵أ޷ǻѩҪһЩ֮ǰȣûзĸı䡣
Ҳ֪챦׺ʱһ죬ҪҲԵˡ
ؿǰѩɽЩ٣˵챦ӦǰҪǵ˲ų֣ô챦ڵļֵδҲ̫ЦһЩ
ġ
˼ԴûʲôΪ˴ʱ䣬ͽտõĹһԵȫ˳
Ǻããѩ֮Уһɶصʳζ˳źķĴƮɢ
ŵζ޺ǣ׷¶顣
ʳ𣿹Ȼ˺ãëѪúˮ
Ա󣬳˼һ챦ҩռϢҲ㣬ããѩУŴ̹ǵĺ䡣
֪˶ã˶Щƣʱһ׹ǰԶѩɽ֮Ծǹʥֱʹñѩɽ˼֡
˼վ챦ˡ
˼ʲôҶ취õ챦
Ŀһ۳˼һƬ
Ȳ˼˼й⣬ֻҪͣ£ڳʥʱ򣬾ܳΪõʲôûС
µ˼һ˷ȥһλ棬һϹ¶ȴ
׹˺һеİҲȻ˺ɫ
ģһ쳹ţˮͰϸѩɽ֮
ѩɽӦ룬һΪİ׹ɽλüɶϷӴܡ
˼ض֪ⲻԼӴܣǱ׵ˡ
ץˡ
˼ͷһأٶҩռ
ҩռ䣬˲Ϣ׶Զ˵Ǽҳ㷹Ȼǰ׹ɵٿ죬Ҳʵ֮С
˷ʱǵİ׹һһѩ֮ϡ
-

511 ͨ쾵

ҲǡøϣĿ˰׹صλá
˼͵ǧߵһ룬ͱס֡
˼վ
û¶
ܳ˼һټ֣ʼֲԼķԼķһߡ
һϾҪ챦ˣǳͬʱҲС
챦շǵҩ鱦˵Ҫʲôޡ޵ģҲнɱǰڣԱСġ
߽챦׹ĿӶ֮УĶʱЩһѪڶ
Ȼһ˾
˾ʲô
˼ҲƣֵĶҲһֲúζ
߽أȻֽ˾˳
֮е˾ҲͰƴСͨʯʣ״ǣϷһԲ·һӳ̵˾İ֡
޷յûʲôȴڱ͸ˣвٺɫİߵ㣬ʯеʡ
ˣǳˣ˺Щ͵ôһûи
뽫е˾ӵʱ˼ˡ
˾йԣ
ðɣԡ
رʲôڴɵ˾ɲǼ䣬淢˱仯
ô˵ǺȻһں֮Ϸѣѵˮ
ó˼Ҳ˾֮ȴ룬ڵݸԷͬʱȻ֣ų˼һ˾ǰ˾һʮѪȵĻ档
ֻ˼ÿһѪܣÿһͷٶ˾֮С
ز֪νͣɴཫ˾˼
˼ӹ˾Ҳ˺һ
ǡ
Ҳ֪һ챦
ЦĵһʲôöûУ񲻻һ
˼ãҪ֤һʲôãһҪô֪
̽˾ǣ־Ȼ˾ţرŭһɫҰ׵ڵסĿڴ졣
˼͵س֣ŵĿָ⴦һѪһӱһʲôˡ
һǳǿ鱦վԶһЩҪ㻹Ǻֻۣܸҡ
û취ֻõͷ
ڸոգ಻֪ʲôһ£һ۵üʣ˾϶йϵ
˼ҩռ䣬֮⡣
˿̣е˾Ѿָѧؽע˾Ժ֮صݣܿ죬бһͼǸһ˵ĸܿ¶
һĻĳܴó˼Ϊ֮ƾ
ĵطǽֵ̽УʱָȻѪ
ַʵ˼Σ˼ϲķ֣˾ܹɱһˣܶԷôǿֻҪ澵ӣܽ˵У˵ࡣ
صʱ˵ɫˡ
ɫףǻѪ
˼뵽ʲôǸεĽ˾˶ԷС
۰ɣǸҾ֪⾵ӵж󣬲ȫ֪ˣҧָѪεϡ
û£ۣһܳܵġ
˵ĿڲһĻ
ʵղ˼ʱȫѪڵҪǶԷԶĳ̬ҪԷˡ
۵ڵϴ˺ѷεĺУЩȫڳ˼ֺʧӰ٣ͳ˼˵ЩöԷΪġ
ӳ˼˵ģһѪ˾ľϣƬ̹˾һ̽ӵĹ⣬ûص֮ϣγһɫϸߡ
ϸγ֮˵ʶ˸ı䡣
˼ϸϸԼķЦһӾͱȻͬˣе㻵ĸо
ʵ˼˵ţһ뵽ҪԷͰ죬ʱûȤ
ҲһƣڵѪɲǣоһʮֱϢԺС
ܿ죬һЩϢӡصԺС
ԭͨ쾵鱦е鱦ɱһˣܽ׽תƵ棬Ҳ˵ҵ׽ٻĺɡֻǱ˼Ĺѷɫˡ
Ц
˼ʵķ裬˭ⶫأ
ˣҲûȥˡ
á
رܵס˼
˼˵еƣһ뵽ͨ쾵ģǱ˵ģһƽˡ
׻˵ˮҲģֻҪʱһþͳɡ
˿̣һûʵ֮Уʵ׵ǿߡ
Щˣһ϶ÿɵӵĿϹٷ硣
-

512 Ķ

Ϲҿ㶼ˣأ
мˣһ֪ʵĿʵ
Ϲٷ粻ܱˣԼסϵϣҲҪϷġ
һûǵϹҵм
ⲻ黹ãһ龹Ȼŵ
õľƷ۷ǿߣȻѡԱȴԼҲˣһ汳Ķûϡ
Ϲٷ粻ɵջ룬ҪǽǶԧҲŪǸöá
ǧ򲻸ãѻ˼ңĺöȴˡ
Ϊ˾ңѩȺͬھˡ
ϹٷʱᣬҲЩˣ˿̵ȻŮ˻Ҽ
Ϲټ֪Ϲһ͵ʴףԼɽ
ϹϹټҵλϹһϹҵļҾ컹ַ졣
û취ֻԼĶϷˡ
ˣ̣ûֵһȫʬ
Ϲټ͵һӣӦ顣
ˣܿϹټǳеӵģҲ֪Ϲټڻأ
ϹٷɴཫƾͼƣͨһҲãռҹ洦Ұɣ
һռҹҪ֫ģҪˡ
Ϲټ䣬ʵ϶ӵļˡ
ý֮ܽȫϵ޸ãⱻӣȻȫ֮ߣҲ᲻õġ
ϹٷƳ޵ļʵĶɩվŵϹٰ٣͸ĸӣͽ˴Ϲټҳ
˿̵ϹٰҲڴλøϹٷ磬·˶ҪϹٷǧС
Ϲٰ֪¶û˼򵥣УΨһŵ˾ĵ
ȻøԸܼҹĳͷǾԭɣϾȥ߻Ҫúġ
ϹٰԼ˵ʱһֻԷ
ôϹټȨƵŮˣҲ֪ӵ˼㽫ͷ㡣
ͲżͷˣٶȻȥ
ȥɣ
Ϲټһӣ˵
ϹٰĸߺϹټȻǳͷϹٷ硣
֮ЩϹҵЩԼϹҹϵϺõĳϿġ
Ϲٷ˴汻֫ͷ˻ԡ
ȻһЩڽСסˣЩ֮ڡ
ģһġ
ٶһҲںǱ˭ɱģֻúõģһȰʱ뿪ϹټҰɣһⲻ¹ͷĵط
ô죿
ҡҪϹټҵˣͷһʲô³
ƣ͸¶żᶨ
ϹٰͷһᣬᾹ֪ʱۿ
ںʲô֮λİҲƲϣֻ߼øɡ
ûгʱ򣬼Ǹʱ򻹲Ǽﻳĺô󲮾ͼĸԵķˡˮǺȵˮ¶
Һһۣѡ
ҲǴǿеҪõ֮λ̳м
ҲҰģҪûоԵȨΪܵܵϹңҲڷ
ΪڴУûνġ
ҲߣǶûҲߡ
ǺαأΣա
֪ȰסԼӣֻҡͷա
ͬʱ˵Ϲٷ磬ѾƲָˣƽﻹҪ
ϹټһֱϹٷţоǳ硣
ߵ磬еΨһŵľֻ㣬ߵôģ
ϹٷҲûΣʵ˵ɽһС
ô࣬Աֻһ㲻̫ףΪѩȺֻ׷һˡ
ѵ·⣿
Ϲٷ͵˼Ƭ̺󣬺ȻЦˡ֪˭ˣǿԽ¶ϹٰɵСӣֻҪЩϼһ׶ˡ
н赶ɱõĲϲ
ϹټϹٷļ򣬱ʾӺ⡣
磬ϹٰٸιԼ׺ҩž͸˴ˡ
ϹٰЩվûзˣﶼûУ¹ڣܣֻڼĹظԷһ鱮
һϹټҵĵλ᧿Σˣ˿̸ûе˴СС
ɣ
Ż䣬߽һλѾߡ
ѾǳϹٰٹ˹˵ү㡣
֪ˣȥҴ󲮣
˵գϹٰҲѾû߾ͽһء
ѾҲǲſż󱳾ͱŰǰ˳ȥЩһͷ˽Ļ̳
סӵѾ߲Ŀĵǣ˵ĶүϹټҪ˶ãͻΪһ͵ȻɫǸʱҶԼ񲻡
-

513 

һɫķŸ˴ƿ߽һλźɫ۵ӡ
üĿȻòôڣмѡ
ϵϹټϹٰ߽һ̣һֱڴϹٰ١
Ϲٰٱ츳ãΪ˵͵ıһǸˡ
ҪӸöãϧǣĴӰԼĶӣԲò
ҲϹټһĹأǾǼ֮λǵմֵܣôֵ֮ӾͱҪһᣬ˭Ӯˣ˭һμ
Ϲټīسɹ棬֪ĶҪϹٰٴɡ
ϹٰЩ·ĺá
󲮣֪ٶ
ٶҿųģһҾҪ㸺𡣽ɱĳˡ
˶֣ϹٰЩ죬ԼĿϹټ
ʾ⡣
Ϲټһ˵˵ˣһŮ˽г˼ʮޣһ˽أǷޣĿǰȫǰƷ۷壬СˣǵʵȻֻǰƷ۷壬ȴܹԽƷ۷塣һһ˵ݣǱţ
ֻ˵
ϹٰһװںʵѾ֤顣
ҪԷޱȻԼи׳нνǾѲߡ
޳вҩ̣ЩҩҩȫְɫҩƬЧãҩ̵ϰ塣ã޳Ǹܰ𾴺ӵǰټǵ⣬ǰԼ˱˵ϣ֮ϹټĿǰʵɱˡ
ҷģֻҪ֪˳ңҪǵҾͲŻɱ˵ˡ
Ϲٰſȥ
Ϲټæȥ׷ͣ󺰡嶯
Ϲٰٲһ٣һĻɰϹټһ
ɱתⰡ
ϹټĬĬ
ϹٰתͷϹټ¶һŷߺ޲ƽı顰Ҫ֯ұ𣿡
ֻǲʧȥ㣬Ҫ״󲮵Ŀİ
˵ţϹټ˼ᡣ
Ϲٰû뵽ԸϷֶʵǸ߳ҪѾŪ⸸Ӷ˵ΪˣҪϷˣˡ
󲮣ѶȰ
»ϹٰٱϹټҡ
ıóѵϹټϹٷķ䣬Ϣ
Ϲٷԣز
ȥ˾ǶԷ޲ǰ
ֻҪһǸŮˣЩ̾ʮ׽ˡ
ӶһЦϹٰαɣ˾Ͳñףˡ
ʱϹٰѾصϵķ䣬ϵ֪ϹٰҪæ˵ٶҪҳұ𣿱ȥһ壬ǱɱҲҪȥ𣬵˵˼ǿѾһ·
ûиϹٰ٣ɱ˶ˣЩЩŮˣΪĶӡ
ϹҲϣ˺Ķ֮λ˺ܶ˵Ĺ
ƫƫϹټ֪ЩȴһֱûϹôţ֪˵¶ù⣬Ϲٷǰǲй¶ġ
ԣϹ³ҲȫĹС
˭˵ȥˣҵĳֻϹټҵЩˣ˽˵ģûҽˣƾһˣ޷ԿϹټġ
ˡԣϵüˣƭˡ
š
Ϲֻٰܵ׵ѨλúЪϢ
ЩϹٰĵΪԼ׸Ǻñӡ
߳ʱϹٰϿһۣСҵ
ǣү
ػͳֲʧϡ
ϵģϹٰٵʦͬʱİ˻үүģֻһ˵ܾﶼ֪
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ΪҲǸζû뵽¶Ĵ¶صķŴ̲εʺ;ֱʵĽϴһ壬ְ˲θеζǶζõľˡ
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ѣܼԼĶһϵӡ֮⣬Ƕʲôģ֮ͦǷҲԲɣǾҲ˯ã󲻵ò¥ǰҹ
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ƹѲ˼ͬʱ뿪
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ɽķŭһ˵İ취¶ֻһ֣Ҫ¶Ҫһñӣһ̤ζ
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ϣȻûͷţҼʵˣߴӣ˵ʵڵģƾĲԼԷÿӣԶ֣¶ġ
ֱźĸоҲҵ뷨
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520 

ȥμʦĳ˼һУѾ·˰ࡣ
·ȴɱһҧ𣬶ңƤҪͬУԻһڳɡ
˼ۿϹٰٺðΣ΢΢̡ǰһ飬ֻǴ˿̲뵽
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ԭ¹ŲңˣҾͷģҲλҷ½ģһ㲻׽ѣλΪ֪
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ѳɣڤڤ֮ƺһڴ⣬˾ѡ
һǵһμ˷أ벻һ˿춯
ѩ̲ס˵
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ȴЦӯӯĿĳˣд˳Ū֮ɫ
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ϹٰҡȣԹԵһ˵ֲïϡ٣֮ߣҪȥĻǵ¸ӣҪðһЩˣȻԺȶ⡣
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ڿʼһҲҪߣȷûΣ˵
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ѩճ˼ķԸԷȻֵ̽ܡ
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521 

ѩԳ˼ЩϡŹֵǼֲ֣ԲԳ˼óһᷢǿĶʶ
Ҳǳ˼ѩԭ򣬸һл˵
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ҲûУǵ𴦿
˼ĿϷһƬɭ֮УֵղĵطҲΪķϹٰȥƬɭ֡
סСɭֵķǰ
뵽ɭ棬ɭɭķΧŵö˵ͷƤһһ顣
żʹžɭֹ
˼Ϊʲôܾһ˫۾ڶأ
ҡҲָо
ûһԼͬתתɲǣǵ֮Уߵʬ
ʬʣ¸ͷ¶棬ѾɫĲ֪
˳ŵʬϿһ߾ʬӳ
˼̲סģʲô
ѩѱſˣָĵĵʬ޺۾֪ʲôǴ˵еƬɭ֣ʵı塣൱ʳһ˵ΪѪƤֻõΪϵķϡ
ҷϹٰǣǡ
λѾˣͨãֻʦãһƷʦأֻ·һңĳ֣ҲӦһԤԡ
ѩе֪ԼķϹٰټпѣ˼ʼղţ֮ǰô˶ȥˣȻ䣬һ˾أһˡ
ƾԼǣ˼һһε˵ԼĿͶѩ
ʲôԤԣ
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һ˵ÿ޳һε޳ͻϮĵҲµĿʼ
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ѩڷ֮ԣ֪˼ӸģֱԲˡ
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Щ˼һҲ⣬Ҳ˵Ϊ޳ǺܾöûзʥˣԭҪΪһʥˣȴǾһ
ģһˮ˳˼Ķͷ
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ѩ˼ܲƭŲ˵ɣ
˼Ŀᶨǰ;գΡȻ
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˼Ѿ޴ɫǰܿľƻѹá
˼ţѾ貵Ļ档
µѩֱš˼ˮ֣ǹ룬ֻἤŭ
˼ʲôʲôˣһжˡ
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ͬʱ֮Уʹ
˼Դ̤һУҪƽʱҪãҲҪ˵ݡ
˼ܣжԶܶԶ
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˼һᣬϸԺ˼Ըİ취
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ôһţҲǴһڶ˵ףǲҩռ䡣
ҩռҲˣǰһ䣬ڵһС硣
а취ˣǲҡ
˵գ˼һλüɶȥ
ѩ޵ϡﻩҲǣҲǡ
Ƭ֮󣬳˼Ѿ֮ǰ
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ƺ˳˼Ļһζ
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522 Ĺ

Ȼ֮ϣɳɫų˼ϯ
˼ҵģ֪Ӳԣҩռ
Ŷ¡춯˼촽΢΢ߣ벻һǵԽԽǲ
ѩ˼ԶУҲóȻǰȥ鿴
ΣֻýĿͷϷϣ˫ֺʮǿǧ
ͬʱ涯С˵ĳ˼ʼѩİΣˡ
Ҫתȥѩǡ
˼ȥ룬һŭѩķϹٰһôؽ
Ϊˣ˼ٶ۾ɲǼֳ˷ŵλá
ͺڵȴƵģһɫ֯ɵĴ㳯ǵض
˼ɫһ䣬漴ͷԼ󡰹Ⱑϣһΰɣ
˵գתɣͷ֮ϵľܿж·Ѿ˼޹ˡ
ֻһͷùɵһС磬ݺݵһͨ
ȫԼֹ䣬һֻ۰׵ȭͷ̼·Ϊ˺ҹеһǣӫ⣬յ˻ۡ
ȥɣ
˼֪⻰˵ж˵һȭ޻ϣǵû˵Էںľ󣬷룬ҪǸʱǿûᡣ
Աʱǿ׳򶨺ǿֻΪֲʧ֮Ŀ־壬ΪҲԼһЩ
˼һȭ˻֮ġ
һȭ˼ͱһɳȥʮ֮Զһ̣ȫͿգֻƤҲǧ֮УķֻʣһƬ׹⣬Ȼ˹ȥ
εĳ˼֪һȭжôס
ðһСɽôĿӣȭ֮أð̣˲ɵͷƤ顣
ʹĲɣҶOO@@䣬ЩʬҲ񱻲β͵è׷ɿЩʬص档
ңҼˣһѰ㡣
һԵҷֲ۵γɵɭƮ졣
ţһǰһ뻹յһȴ֪ιʧӰ١
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죬֪һΪˣҪˡ
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أֻι̵Ķϡ
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ĩˣһʮ𡰰ιܱҰӣٲ뿪Ҫ˫ȷƮ̱ˡ
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˵㣬֪˭޵ذҪˣ˵Ҫ¹ѳ飬ҪҺѩţˡ
Ϲٰٳֵĵȷʱ򣬵Ļó˼絶ʡ
ƣڶԷļһͨɵӣⲻû𣿡
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㰡Ͳ֪һԼűˡ

ͬ޵滨ѩһ˳һĻ̫ˡ
Ҫһʶ˼أҲ顣
飬Īľ˽󣬵;ͼˡ
һʼַʽ޲ףֱһԵĸ飬ͻȻãԼԼҷһ𣬴Ϊӡ
ʲô顢ʲôģûиܹ
ˣҲʱݣȥıʲôˡ
ѩӣЦӯӯ˼˼̫ţˣ֪ʦЭʦƳ죬ȫΪĹ͡
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523 ׷

ҵĹͣҶʲô
˼̯̯֣ʮֲĴӵվ
ѩϹٰһЦ˼˵˵
뿴أһ㶮ҶȻ߿ˡ
˼תĿԼķʲô
һ˲Ĳʵֽ˼ԼĴУϤ¶ȣǲԾ
ԭⲻΣ˼ֻˡ
һطϸϸΪ˼⣬˼֮顣
ԭһɵɱС꣬μʦᱻס˸˳
лһλʦЭĳϣ϶Դ˱ʾֵĸмȥ᳤֪ͨƳ졣
˼Ĵ˷ΪǾ˲ڰˣ޳ǸطĴ塢С壬úøмλŮǰԷ˺صˣֻüסݶ飬Ժлٱ
Լķ꣬˼ûסЦˡ
ǽŮǰ
ţŮǰ
ô˵ҽˡ
˼ԳһЦֻԼķϹٰ٣ˣûз֡
ھԼϹٰٵĹУЩɵҲˣֻ˵Ǿ̸֮ͣϸм
ãֱɫشӤֱ۴ϸɫľͷ
˼۾΢С֦ôõģ
˼ѣζõҪûеõλȥҪͥʧˡ
ңҲϣͥԼķӵҩռ
˵ͻˡ
Ǿͳ˵ֻ֪ҵõһҪĶ͹ˡ
˼û׷µԭί
㣬Ӯñ취ܴܲʦЭõ֦޳Ƕûõó֦ķ೤һۡ
֦սҩռ󣬳˼ص³һ
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ţԱСûԵķȫ
˵ţػ˼С
˼ĪЩҵԻš
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ѩϹٰٵɣҼ޶ˣҵﶼҲ˵
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ҿɲ֪̫ܣȻĸ硣
ϹٰǸˣѾȥ֪ˡ
ƾڱסǶʱ˵˭˽ӾԨܹ֮ټףô˾һӵѣ¶ԷҪҲΪȥ
˵ĴܣȴʶѾΪѵĳ˼
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ܵһ˿ĿԼѸٶ㿪˼ЩΣͬʱҲϣϹٰһŮˣް߲ʰ쵣Ů˲һˡ
տ˼Ҳ޼ɵ˵׷ۡ⻹жѿԼϣ̿տ壬һһ޷ķ׷ۡ
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524 ɳ

󣬳˼һһʮֽӣǾķϽ죬Ҳʱ׼ʱμʦᣬڴ˵ذ죬ֶΪ
ӿ氲أ
Ϲٰһһȣһ߾ĿŽֵߡ
˵صӣһһֹĸо˵ʲôо˺ܲ
ʲôطڸӿ϶ҲͲһƧ
ѩ˼
һֱڰ죬ԣ˼ûд϶ˣ෴ãϡٵϣŶ˰죬һĸо
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ת䣬ͿһĶ鳯Ƕ
Ķ飬˴ŰͷТ˾ͦ飬߽ȴëȻ
˼һ˵һߣҲ˵طܿ
ϾΪ󣬶ЩɵˣҲ뱻ЩǮʲô·һĻ˵Ǯմ·ᵹùġ
һ·ǾĲٴһˡ
ĶԶ˼һ֣ȫˣһһߣǹײģΪʲôҪ̧
ų˼ĺγˣѩĭƤס´
˼ҿǻȥɣȥʦЭĳϻǵġ
ţҿС
˼ҲȻǰƷ۷ĸ֣ɶȻľȫ
Ҫʲô⣬һٶġ
Ϲٰٺûʲôһ֪УֻҪŮ˷˻ģǱӵġ
˳С߹ȥӦÿԴӡ
˼ָǰСǷĶ߹ġ
˽ͷ㣬һ˼ȥǾ͸ŵı顣
ĳСΪһ壬û뵽ӭǵһС
ǷŵĽ־ϵʯ涼ûиı䡣
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˲֪ڿʲôһǺü
˲Ҳ˵˼ѩһۣҲΧǽ
ĿĻ棬˴һμ
һ˶ޱ޼ʵԹǵǰԹһһСͿһ˵Ľֵɡ
˵зӣվϷ壬һ۵СɵԹ
ءҴ͸¶Ź졣
֧Ķأ
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ͻȻֲ֪ʲôһ£ʹó˼˶һļƤ
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̵ҶƬһĸ̵̣˵Ŀ
˻רעоԹ˼СĶһƽűߵֲ
ǳȷԼ־Ǳֲģңղʱ򣬲ûзʲôνֲһжֵ̫ˡ
ڳ˼ֲּҶƬʱһֻ߬ס
㻹ʦ֪ʲôֲ𣿡
˼ٿȻ̧ͷȴϹٰŭɶĿ
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ҧأݺݵĵϹٰ١
ϹٰƳһۣԹԵĺһ
˼ɵҲ֪űߵֲʮգżص˼
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˼ϲ˵˵һˣڹؼʱ̡
Ϲٰ̧°ͣ΢ֻ˵һ飬ˡֲɳɳǶ֪˵ǿڵظĻһȥظĻȴǰĻֱ֮Ϊֲ֮һԢ⣬ֻҪҶƬȫ᳤ֲҩʯҽɱ
˵Щ뵹һ
˼ѩΪŮӣһ뵽ľɳԶһ㣬ԾΧǽСʯ棬ۿɼٶȳɳһյĹ򣬾ͳдеһƬҪȥɾͱˡ
ȥͷûһ̵ҶƬԲ࣬Ȼ俪һұĺɫ䡣
һҽĳ˼ڵӾ͵ӰпɳȻӰӾһģһ
̲סȻǿڵظɳΪλ˼䣿
ҲµĲǼпһ֮ء
Ϲٰٴοڡ
֮ء
˼ÿֲ־ÿЦ
֪ģΪĵӰأ
⼫֮أǾظĵطֱ֮Ϊظתվڡȥ˶ȥ֮أˣֻԹĵطǻһƵˣȷ򣬽ظֻء
Ϲٰٽͷͷǵһͷˮ
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525 Ѳ

Ҳ˵һֻ˲Ż˵ĵط
˼üͷɻĿϹٰ١
ĸӦöǳŵʱǿ
ϹٰһЦҡӵҲһ
˼֡
ʱѩȻһ
˼ͷȥԼ֣֪ʱһɫѿֱ˳
ɫһ߬ס˼ŭǶô㲻
дŷŭеĺͺ¡
˼ֻԼһһԣǿҪʧһ㣬ʶء
ҡ
˼ٶ˵˷ŵ顣
㿴ңҿ㣬׷״ӸԵ֮п˿־塣
ҵ˺ۡ
ѩٴδУ뿴ȣǱѩһԼҲ˻֮̿С
Щɳڲ֪סǵ˫ȣȴȫȻ֪
˼е㲻Ϲٰ˵ģеظôڵǸ磬ĸ񻰴˵˭˵ģ˭ġ
ҶܲܽЩɳƳ⡣
˼һʵ飬û룬ɳֻһСѿھ󣬾ȻۿɼٶȳɫҶƬ
˼ֻãĽڱɳĸ۵ļʣƾĺ黮š
ôǡ
˼ˣķֻʣһԴõģطȫɫҶƬȻɳѾǵڡ
ؿЦɬ˼Ҫܳȥá
˵գر۾ͬʱصԿɼٶ͡
Σ˼֪ô£ȥˣķ
ɵ£а취
а취ʱйƤָ
ҲΪԱΪʹȫܶӵزϵɳȻؿʼˡ
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֣㣬һܾǡ
˼һץסԼķҩռ¡
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ѩϹٰٶ˱ľģ˼˵л·˾Ȼһ㳶ֱϵɳ
һʱ䣬ѪЩɳĸϵǵĽѪϣһ˶˺ѷεĺС
ֱǵ˫ܶļ󣬱ѸץԷ֡
˼ִصıϣһ˵Դ͸ѹһѣ۵絶ʡ
ҲǷţҩռͳ˼ϵ΢һ㣬Ž˴ҩռ䡣
˵ףطǸӣȻѹĿռ
ţϾͺá
˼ٶȼоȻ䣬ֻת
ͷ˼ͥոջصҩռ䣬ͿѪܵˣǵڵһ

Сһӭȥ
곤ͥɨһˣ
˼˲٣һһгС
Уֱι¡
˰ʱ˼һ
˿ͷۣް
Լӣͷһᣬæӵ뻳С
ãΪⱲӶˡ
ĸȥǱ
ͥСһ㣬Сֲͣų˼ļ
˼ЦԺٺ˵ȥｫ豸ãҪдˡ
Ŷ
СӽŵͬĨͣգ۹ܽ˷䡣
˼һŹȥԼ֡
ûˣûˡ
˼Щ˷ܡ
뵽ѣ˼ȥȷϵɳҲ˺һĲ𽥷
ֲ÷˽Դʹԭҩռǰγɳ
ǣҪӦɳİ취ֻһӴҩռ
ӣͥǴӳҩռ䣬ȥʱȻǳ
Ǵһޱ޼ʵļ֮ؽҩռ䣬ôȥʱ򣬵ȴǵĽ
ʱءϹٰ١ѩ˲ѡ
ڴ˵ҩռ䣬˼Ҳõǣڲݵϡ
ʱ˼Ѿ緹׼ûУһվ˼һǰӵ뻳С
һΪҲˡ
˼Ҿ֪ǲ
޶ٶ
ѲϹٰٺѩʵ̲ˣһקһ˵ļǽ
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ѩָ̧ű̵գˮߵ飬һһŵ䡣
ϹٰҲЩ񣬿Ϊһˣɿ޲
˼ЦҼңţǿԵһС磬ÿÿʯͷҵģȫأ
-

526 Ӧ

⡭ѵǴ˵еռ鱦
Ϲٰ˲ʱɴ˫ۡ
˼Цʲô鱦ɱ鱦߼˲֪ٱ
ȻϣӶԼͽ鷳
ȻҶû£ͽȥԷɣ
˼ߴˡ
Ϲٰٲһٸʵ׵ˣҲ֪ʶòԼҪĴ𰸣
Ͼÿ˶ܣЩ˵Щǲ˵ġ
֮ܶ˼Զסݶ顣
ӿռ鱦¶ӦϹٰѸٵͷȥϵƣȴǷ֣ûһɳɾľûֻ
𾪣Ե𾪣
ų˼߽һӴΰĽϹٰٺѩ˵ͣûбϹ
˼ͷϵʲôһǴһΪʲôأ
ѩͷϵĵƣֵɵӡ
˼ЩΣĵĽ͵һϡеĵƣǴġ
ѩҡҡͷʾ
Ϲٰʻ˼Ѿ˵ݵİť
ֻһһ⻬ŵż˵Ȼ򿪣һĻŵѩϹٰˡ
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ֵϹٰپˡ
ŵݣһӤһγһ㣬νɫ
һֿ¥¥Ĺߡ
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ڴ˵Ѿһȥ·ҲΪԼķͺ
Ϲٰٲֲϸʡ
˼˽ȥѩϹ̵ٰĸŽȥ
˼ˣ΢΢ˣھͳ
µݿأٰϵʮ˲㣬ݺ¡һϹٰٺѩ׵ˤڵء
ڵϣըëèʧĿܡ
һݵˣһԼµĸоһһЩ֢ͷĿѣ
Ȼ˶С
ؿ˲̲סЦǻǸеĸ֡
Ƕһٶȴ򿪡
ȷܳȥȿֺܳȥڵϴڴ
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ϹٰҲûڣָѩ˵Ҹָо
ԭǶıտ־֢
ıտ־֢ʲô
ѩɻĿ˼
˼ҲͿҪˣĽ͵ıտ־֢һĲ˼ҿȷͯʱСʱ˹عӣСĻǵܵ˺ǽ˺һ죬ΪԵʣǵ˺۱ҿʶ֢״
˼֪Сʱ磬ȢȻڼҵĵλһǧɣ⵽ĸĴһԲϾ͹غӡ
ѩ˵˵һ㣬ۿͺˡ
ϹٰȻ˵ʲôǵһ
˼ΪԼƵǰѩļ򣺡ûµĶȥˣԺСĿռˣȻпܳ⡣
ѩɫһף˼仰ġ
ϹٰҲγѣֲдβڹ͵ϢһϢĸоΪǸ˷ˣԭǱڵĲ
Сʱһѻ߱˴ˣͻ㵽ƺҲȫܡ
ܹʶ˼ȻԼһ⣬֪ô¡
˼ǰ棬ƿһ۵ľ˵עѸټС
˵صݻѾ֪еĴˣ߽ȥѩϹٰٶ֪Լôϵģֻ˼˵ˡǲ뷴Ӧ
λؾнͰﵱԼļҡ
˼Ϊѩв˵ơ
ȻϹٰټвˣֻżΪ䵹ơ
ڼв˵ĹͥСϡ
ҲǺÿͣ׵ط˶ûˣٲȻǵ֮ҲͱȻܵǵչˡ
ϹٰԽСԽϲʼԼĺӻʲôӣ
극ʰ꣬˼ϰˮ㡣
Ҳپнʲôʲô⡣
ʱ򣬳˼̾һ
ǷˣҲˣ̸һ̸Ӧɳˡ
λҪôͰȫˣһﲻȥ
˼˻һϹٰٺѩվ侪ҲýǼ¡
-

527 ͷ

˻
ϹٰȻ
˼ĵѩϹٰٽˣȴܳȥԭȴǶ˼֮ɫ
˼֪ڹʵǵѾɫˡ
˺ðΣѩ˿ڡҲ˵ֻСһܳȥ
ܳȥҲܰȫ
˼ʵΣҪˣǼ뱦Ĳرʲô
ΪľǣӦЩɳ
ضһ裬һں˵Ŀм˳˼ߡ
Ҫڹȥ϶ٲϹٰټң죬ʮ⣬ʲô˵
ǣûܹԸɳ
˼Ϲٰ١
Ͼһϳɳ˾Ϲٰ٣϶֪һЩʲô
ϹٰҡҡͷûӦˣˣߣӦɳҲ߲֮ء
ҪˣʦɾͲμˡ
˼ס̾Ϣ
˷ȴǵϹٰŭա¹ⶼʲôʱˣ㻹ʦᣬҿҾͲ
ʲô˭Ƥĸġ
ѩϹٰ٣˵ıƢһ㶼ˡ
Ϲٰٻ˵ʲôͻȻ뵽ʲô϶֪
֪ʲôﲻһ˼ҡ
ѩ̲ס˸ۣȴҲ͵
˵֪Ӧɳ
ѩ𾪡
˼Ҳ뿴Ϲٰ٣Ϲٰץץͷ˵ЩȫҽģҲȷ
ˣֻܽĿǰϣˡ
˼תȥͥ
ͥȥǵ˴磬ҵϹٴףӦɳ
ţȥ
ͥӦһ̣˱ʧ˵
ˡأ
ѩҿˣܳȥһɤӣȷ˲һҲƽ
Ȼȥֻӣ˼ҲͨСǳȥ£ǼŵļʾԽ
ͥ뿪ҩռ󣬱ֱá
˿̵˻Ȳ裬˾ҩϣһģ
ִ粻ˣˡ
һˡ
˼æ˱ԷС
ʲôˣ˻ˣ˵㣬ôͳôɰأ
Цһֱ
һѽ˵ƿһ˵㻹ҵһϹٰٵĴ壬һ֮أȫɳĿǰֻϹٰٵзӾˡ
ǻͨ˳ֻ˵ģѹ
ͥȥˡ
ҲסˣָСһ˵ţԺͻ
СһһۣƾȥϹټŮˣһ򣬿϶Ǽģһֱ˷ʱ䡣
ɵ˴ԼȥʱѾʧǵǰ
ʱǻˡ
ûмŸ߶ˣǽӸԼһ裬˺˵ˣ㱻ǵС͵ܵĿ졣
ͥܽǰʵôн𣿡
ˣһʼŮ˲˵˵СֶΣȫˡ˵ɳڼ֮أҪɳˣҵһλľϵ书ľƷ۷ʦȻһжù
˼˵Ҫһóʹľϵ书ĸ֡

ָԼһڲ裬̧ͷСһϳʲôʱȴˡ
ȥбҪôû˵ǻǮС
ð죬һѸԷⶼΪ˭˵ˣ˭أ
ܿͻӣ˼ϲõġ
ôˣ
Ϲٴ˵Ҫһľϵ书ľֻ֣ǸֲӦɳ
ͥ˵
ľϵ֣ˣ֪˭æˡ
˼СһﹴֱָǶԽһ仰ֲˡ
ͥ뿪뿴˼ϳϲá
˼뵽˭ˣ
һͷǰϲҩ䷹ԣֲݼõֲͷѾˣǿֲǮ˸ԣ
˼˵ЩʱûΣ֮ԷСԼĶӽ̸ǲϹٰٺѩ֪ͷʵ䡣
ͷͳ˼˵ҪἰΪͷʱ򵱹ͽӣֻһҵĵͽӣֻҪ޳ǽеŵļ壬ûһ뽫ͷǧеġ
Լܱ仨ܱݣֻҪǼŮˣûһԵߵҲˣдԣ˭ҵĵʵǷͷĶӣ˭ҵĵŮǷͷŮһʮʮ٣Գ˵ļͷ˹
ôһһ뽫ɱҲ͵˷ͷòװݣΪľǰ
û취̫࣬ѾǾƷ۷ǿߣҲóȻ¶ݻ߱š
¶ֻг˼֪Ȼ˼ҲӦͷκʵݡ
ҲΣָԼӡ
-

528 ͷ

պһݻլԺ֮ڣģʮֿɰС
λķͷŵ壬ͷɢҵģȴ
үѡ
һȺݺݺ໹ھֺܵŷͷͷ鲻Сź͸˲Ӭһ㣬кǲˬ
ȥȥȥҹȥ
ͷһӣ·ƾ֮ͷȫ˳ȥ
һϣͷĿˡǸղ˵˭
ԣǰ
ҾԣҲϲ˳ƺǰԼҵ֣ǽҷͷɣ˵˵λСǴ˭Ŀе֪ҵ䣿
ǵ׽г˼ͷһ֪ҵ㡣
һ˼֣ͷڵһ¾վ
ԭǳ˼¹ֲôܿӰ
ͷЦ׸Ƶͥǲϲ
ȻҲĶӣȴģôﳤ֮ͷ˵˵
ôܵͷȥæģʲôԷôôֻҪ¶С
һѣͷ漴ЦĿŶˡ
ͥһۣ׷״ӷͷп̰֮ɫ
ͷǵ˵ϲǮƸϲˣ߼ߣῪĵϷߣʱʲôƾᡣ
ǮſڷţҪǲϽȥã¡
ͥδ˵꣬;һԹιʱͷѾһ˽
װĿһǧƽ𣬷ͷȻͽ־Ͱ˽Ȼϵ׳
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ӲӵĻƽ𣬷ͷϲ¹Ǵ󷽣ڿ˵˵ʲô¶ɣ
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֮أɳңһھƷ۷꣬һҪԽһֱδԸҵĻˡ
ͷ˵ģɵĻ
ͥǲ֪ƣͥЩͷˡͷ㵽ȥȥȥҾͰǮˡ
ȥȻȥ
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ͷСƿ֮У߶߶˺һ֮װлƽӣǵͥʧˡ
ҲǼģκηͷңֵʱ̰ŶԷ
ͷ鱦ɲ˰ܽҿ𣿡
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УҵĿռ鱦ȫҵĶܸ㿴
˵Щʲôͷֱָɫʱ䲻ˣǿɣ
ǣǷͷҪͥͬУͥҪصȥڷͷҪһ˼߹·
ڼͷҲһλԶķͷκθճ˾Ͳˡ
⼸춼ôˣ˶ײβ
˳̾һȴԼĽ㡣
ͥ¶ͿҪˣ㲻ٽȥԼףߵǰ˵θǳԷˡ
ԷǸã֪һط֤ûȥ
ʲôطġ
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˵޳ǵĸ¥ңеΪӵй̶ˣϧÿƳһ²ˣеˣʲô²ҲƣֻΪṩһʵľͲͻ
㵽˵ʲô
ͥϲ˵ӣʾˣҪô˵Ҫô˵
˾֪ӻٻдֻܳ˵
ھöʮ·һ¶¥ǽ͵ԡ
ȵȣ˵ľ¥¶ģǹ»¥
ͥ˵¥ֻȰǣˮǳԷҲҪȥ
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ڶǰһĵأ˼ˣ㽫ǿĵ
ֻ޽ĹȶһǧĹ޽˺޳ǵ˶Ϊ뷢˲ƣΪߵļͥṩĹ
ϾеŷˮеĲţе뽫ҾڼĹеıȽ⡣
ʱۣǴѵ
˭Ҳû뵽ǷĹʵһİ䣬ԷĿջһ䡢й䡣ٵȥԷ˶֪ⲻǹ»¥ϰ壬עĿ֮٣ȵͷ£ͻһǧɡ
ȻԸΥ˺Ĺ»¥𱬣һ˻Ѳ
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ЦЦĿͥ
˻࿴һ۱˴ˣӶԷп˺̽
ǲ£ʱ·
ͥȻͥȥȥ
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529 ż

ͬʱͷѾ̤˴ȥ̡
˿̾ǿ鼫֮غԶҲܸܵɳ
ľϵ书Ȼľϵֲв֮ٻһҹѤãõصµΪԼɱе֮ĵطлݵĵطǵͷߣܵС
Щʱһͥȥ
һ·ϣСһﶼڴʱ˵ʲô˶ûô⡣
ʱ쳹׺ڶ
Ҳʱͣ˵һӻǮȵţǳ극һߡ
ҲʱģȻλСүֻͣҪõҿѣʲôҪ
𳵷˳ĵطȥ
ȴյɫĵÿһĹԣէһķĹʮˡ
δ߽һĹ䣬ĹķŴ˴򿪡
ţ߳һλһȹӵŮˡ
ŮԼĪʮ꣬һŨױһַ糾Ůӵĸо
λϿǵһǹ»¥Ŀأ
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ԳƺˣָԼųĹС
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ͥʮֲмԼ۶Ҫˢˡ
濴ǸĹĽȴһ塣
˶Ŀռ俰ɽСšŷλãһ޴Բ̨
ɨһˣԶԹͥߵࡣ
λСүѿɲͣλֻǳԷأùǱݽĿһ߳һ͡
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ǰһ뻹Ժĺһ̱þһĸˣݺݵĿˡ
ٶȿһּͥΪһ㵱޳õĴϰ壬Щ꣬ûٷּңĪ˵һƽ𣬾һǧһҲóȻǽģôǮСһ￪ģҲֵõġ
ûж룬˱óһһƽƱݵС
ܸ˰ɣ
ϣλСү˵ģλԵȣȽйǽݽĿԺϡ
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źŤˮ뿪䣬ʮ۵ĿԼǮȻίĶͥҲܣԺҡ
İɣǿ϶ġ
ͥһЦô˵ɲɵִݳ޵ĵطҪȥҲȥһٷʮʮӵĵض˵βѾܲˡ
Ҫ֪Ѱռңһһ˶һʮӡ
õСһӦʣ˵һĲƽ⡣
ĩˣ߸ŰɫɴȹɴŮ˺˽
˾ǺòãֻԸϲٿЩˣͲĲֹһˡ
߸ŮӦþ輧輧ǵòߵǰǫǷǷ
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ҲĿˡûʹӣ뿴ʲôأ
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˰죬ҲûҳȻ
ͨɺ赸ƽľǹĶǣٲǳԶʲôģ˵һϲͨ
輧һЦ˽
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˲˼
˵輧裬Ϊ費ʺСӿ
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˵ţ輧ʾԱ߿
ʱ䣬˾ôһˡ
ˣǾˮ衣
ˮͿˣ뿴һ裬˵赸һȫϵĵطҲ֪ļٵġ
鵭Ȼ輧Ŀ꣬Աߵٺʹӵʦ˶
輧Ҳʼͣ趯еˮ䡣
ˮɣ׹է֣輧ǽеˮǳ뻯ʱʱļˮ輧ֲʱļӿеˮ䡣
Ȼ̶ˣͥס䣬Ͻ¶ʹɫ
ҲǷ˲ԾΪҪ߹ӣǲܵɵӰ졣
ָŵֵʦŭͣ֡
輧ʦˢˢĳ߿˫ð𡰷Ƕ𣿱ﻹӣżҲ˰ɣ
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530 

ȻʦֻǶһֿʼ
£ͥܺʹ࣬һָֻǰ輧״̬
һ˺ｿĵ
λС㣬ǵĲˡ
Ż䣬һһ˲˵Ѿ롣
ЩѾߣҲ棬ӵȶ˵Σǵգ̨輧ǻҪٱ
Ȼһ˲ĳӦ˹
˷ϣ̨輧ʦǾͶһȥɣǳԷϲ˴š
ԭλСүǺ߰
ûһ٩
˷ŭһӣĲ뻩졣
ɫһ䣬ֻÿЦ֪ˣʲôѽ
ʾѾǽ˷£ֳ̨ϵ輧ʦǵһָ뿪䡣
Źϣ˾Ŀһܣȷû¶ѹɤӳС˵ǲù𣿡
ţҾ뻢Ѩ
ͥȻ£Լĵܵڰ
ףûӮǡ
磬ִ磬˵ˣҶҪԷ
С֣һ˫۾ȫڶĲϴ
˵Ҳ֣ԸѣĽвȫ໨ɵĸӸסˣ˵һԷһʽС
ߣҪһϲɣ
ͥߵߡܼʲôȱԣ𣿡
֪ˣ쿪ǡ
ָԼһ̲Ȳ
ͥһ໨ɸӴ򿪣Ĳȹ֮ڵɲǣ˲ɵ뵹һ
Ȼһͷ
ͥæס۾
һᣬŵ۴ΪͷǱˣǵס
ޣǼٵģٿ
ƭˣס
޵ִͥ۾ٴʱ۵Ĳ֮У㱻һŸõЩֵͷȡ
治ף̫ˡ
תЦ·ǰֲĻϵƲʻҪÿ
ʱ⴫һ쬵ĳЦóڿǵЦ
һƣⷹǳԲˣҲпһսڵȴǡ
˽ʹյԼͥԣС˵ϷҪ㣬ȻͲˡ
ͥǷǳС֪ҪװܵŲС
磬϶ǵںǿЦһӿ
ſǻһСͨ죬ŽϷԼ档
ͥЦվסˡ
Լһ̲ȴ򿪣ֵĶҲ޷ˡ
ֻĴ֮УʮƤ۾ߣӦǷ۰ɫֻ泤棬˼һĻɵͷƤ顣
סθŻһΣûװıĵˡ
Ҫ𣿡
ͥСˡ
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ƫаʲôŵ
ͥøˡִ翪ɣֶ
һĭԼֱߵһ̲˴򿪣Ȼ䣬һ͵Ĵֱ˵ߡ
ħҶϵģԲĳ˿̾͸ܵ˺һ㣬дת
Ҳûסˡ
Цһһ󣬺Ȼˣ˵Ǻܡ
һȺӡ
ͥʹһĭԼˣȥ¿൨Ҫ³
ô죿
ͥһСɷ׵ֿһˣȻзֻ˸ô죿
ǵȷ˵ܴκȥǸطΪɱ֮
Ͼ֪ԵɵģΪһСһ鱦
ʵʲôֻг˼һ
ȥ
ٴοһδ򿪵ĲȣȫӶ֮ɫ
ٿȥⱲӶٳԷˣˣȥһָ¡
ǻˣҪֺˡ
߻СҪʲô¶˭ǡ
˾ʱ̨ͻȻһ춯Դײʲô
˳һ˦˹ȥų֮̂ϣȻƫˣɱһӡ
𡭡ɱңˡ
һЩɳƵ
ţ̨֮߳һɫɷ׻
˵ͷһţǶὫ˵һ˺һǵ竡
˭ΪλǵĹڡ
˰θ¶͸©ɱ֮
竷ں涼ˣЩ˸ǲһģ˺ü죬뿪ĻᣬԣҪ뼸̹˭߲ˡ
ҵ޳ǵڶõĴϰ壬ţƣǸƷ۷ĴʦڼλǰҲǸСɫ
Աţ˻Ǳһѣĳ̶ֳ˵Ǿһ˰
-

531 ֮

ˣǵһôϰѩĵܵܣλǴϰĶӣǵ¶Ժ˵˵˵Ǹʲô
˼ƽ˺󣬱ߴŶԷȫг
ôɣϣλүҳλ֪ǲͬ졭
Ƶ֪ͥݣǲҪǰߣĿǸɵӶֺ֪£ǴϰĶӣǸˣϰĸá
ͥһȨ⣬ĵƵȻ첻ףͷԾǺʺ⣬ƻǸ˾е˾뵽ͥЦˡ
ܺãҪ˲š
ӳиҵһҪɶõ˲š
˵Ҫ¡
ͥСһ˻֡
ƳһſڵķС»¥ǰһδоͲˣʱԷĿˡ輧ʦǸкϰȫˣ˵˵ĶͨˣһĻʲôãʹڣǽ˵޳һ֮ءմҲʮΣ˵ð̹⣬յ˵ôˣֻܱ¶֪˲֪࣬Ļɵգһͻزȥˡ
˵һ˾Ȼᡣ
ҵѾǸŪˣһ˵ǾȢؼҵġ
ڰ
³֣ʵоһƬ
Ҫô˵ĻǾڸһȺ˵Ķ򽻵Ҳ̫ˡ
ͥһʱ뵽˲˵꣬ڴ˵أĵط
ͬǼ֮أҪԶΣգǸʲô⾰ǻĲóȻ̽
Ϊʲô㻹ڻţ
ٴοڣͬҲͥҪ֪ġ
򵥣ͯ򣬲һš
Լȷ磬һӴ̱ǵζ
ȫСӵͼݸˣζƺŨƲЩСҲŵЩŻϢ
ˣ˵˵ô뿪
뿪ҿѣһԶ죬˲ʮΣÿζʧˣʮΣҲʹⶼԵְ
⡭
˷ѡ
ͥд޿κǸΡ
ִ粻ſܲӳȥҪӲȥа취ϵףʱǰȼɡ
ǸʱͶˡ
ƾô˷ףԴҡ˹ġ
ΪһȼԼ첻Էû˵ԷԻá
ûûȣΪԼֶܼãңΪġ
ģԵĶеǣ㲻õġ
ͥСߣƱ֤
תһ룬Ҳ԰λǴϰĶӣ˵׼˼ʲôռ鱦ȫװųԵҲ˵
ϾСӣ˳ԣƺҲǳˡ
ƽԸµҪ˳ȥ
ȴСߵ̨һóһӡ
ɫģһǣһȹӿˣŵϢԽŨ
ʲôˡ
ͥסӡ
ֱӱǺľҿÿ
Ǹͯ򣬻ҵģҪ£ͰⶫͿϡ
ˣҪͿҲԼġ
ͥһƣĵǣԷ۲ϹΪʲôͿ͵ܵҲСأ
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üӹƵĹӡ
ͬҲ͸¶һʮȤϢǾҪƸ翪ϡ
˽ĶͿһ飬˳ֽӹӿʼԼ
ͥһƧĵطӦ顣
ԼĪյĹСſڡ
ƶԴ˵ػϤӦ
ͼŴ򿪣һȻ˲
ſ֮ľͥ˲ա
ԭɴЩֲϢķĹ䣬˿ѳ˲ԫϱڣưܵİɫҡҷżһӰƮʹ˵¡
ǿ
ָϷ
˵Ҳָķ䶨ⲻãһųಡ
ȴѹѹһƬӰۼһƺܴϿ̡
˶֪ǲǻˣǱꡣ
Ϊʲô
Ǳþˣͥ˵ҲЩ״Ρ
ǰֻͥ࣬ʱʱ͵鼸Ϸ򣬸ȥ
Ϊǣһǣͻʳһ㣬ǻˣҿۼɱˣˣϣҲֻܳΪϵ⡣
˵ڸŲ
-

532 »

ǻȥ
һĭǺ֣ΪСǰܣǺ˺
˼Ƭ˵֪һطӦðȫֻȥΣա
ⲻϻ𣿺Ÿû˵һ
˲ĵһƣƿЦһ㽫Լļƻ˵˳
˵ģ˶ͬɵ³⣬ûиõİ취ˡ
ǰ棬ͥ͸Ǻ棬ûС
š
ͥͷ㣬Ӧ˵
Ƴͥȥɵó˳ǡ
СȴҪ㵽󣬿һȽֲͣòͷ
֮鸴ӵӴִ˵ĻԼŤˡ
ͬʱҲԼΪʲôﲻЩҲЩ顣
һһ룬ȵжʱƻһȡ
ƵļƻͥҲãСᣬԼܻҲûаѱ˻ȥȨ
磬ǾĿŵĳ꿿ǲ̫Щ
ͥߴ磬иƽĴ̵
أǧţõ͵ʱҪ͵
Ǹʱѧ˵ûãÿ߶߶仰
ҪˣܵƵӰ죬ǼһЩɢɢļ䡣
ģǲǻбĵ𣿡
ͥ
һѰ˼뵽׵ҩռ䡣
֪ͷȥûУҺ׸
˵ţһ˫۾㿪ʼˡ
ͥŵæȻԼ·š
ǹؼʱ̣ҪĿЩ꿴ǣҲֱͨǵλõġ
Щˣһ˯ˡ
Ҳ˸ղſ޵ĵðַ֣һŤͷãСһ˯ˣͬʱеĵҲ˼֡
ĺ£Сһȫû
졭쵽ˡ
ƽͰ͵ĿǰµĲҲ˲١
Щ꣬ǱӦöţ˵ˣûʲôطǱȴЩȫġ
ƴ˼ܽľЩ겻һתĵطҪôǷţҪôǵ·
¼˾겻վԶЩֻһð̵ĺӰһ߽ŵ˺ëֱ
ЩǱģ˵յÿ٣һ˫նɺӣȴ˲Ĵڡ
˿̣˯ŵ˶ĬĬǧҪǡ
һƵЩʱ±һʯͷһ£˶ᵽɤסΣһް
ģδһ૵ҪţţһҪԱԼ⣬С
ͥͷԣæס͡
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ŭ͵۾Ҫˣȴ֪Լǲ˵ġ
ˣһжˡ
ƱͷֵĿǰ汳ǵꡣ
ԼĪһյ蹦Щ겢û˵תɱվԭһһ˫ɺĶЩǷĹĳԷż䡣
һƵļʾԷͱϡ
һ±ӣ˵Լ˵ҲһԵʱ򣬱ǵ꣬һ˲͵תϡ
Ҳ֪ǲΪ֮ŻĿӣתۼͱǰдǵϰʦԼ輧ǵӡ
Щ˴Ŵ󵨣ЩĿ˲һԼһ۾˳
ͥ˵׶ǸСӣҲǵʲô
ǲû˵ֻô͵ĿⶢǣȻһһĳ
ƾеҪɱˣˣӲġ
졣
ͬһʱ䣬˺ͥƣǰ滹еͣԽԽ˰
Ʊ죬ȴܲסȫ˵ɫҲһ˲òҰޱȣǵزˡ
ִ磬㲻óϵ书ʵǿԿܱܲǣ
ͥһ뵽ôһӡ
ȻЩǱģôһη
ҲƹˤظǰһȻӡ
ģڣǲܵ˺
˵գֱֻһֵƣţȼһĻ档
ɫһͷ
ȥɣ
һȣϯǧ֮ƣӭȥ
ͥվҲܸܵĸ£޷ġ
꣬ʹ˺ü
-

533 軨׷

һսǰƽ
üͷٶͷų棬һǶģȴ磬ĻҲΪ֮ǿһʼɫ˽ɫ
һڳʮ֮Զȫ
ơ
˴һ̺֮˰Ϻ·һ˲䣬»¥ĵ涼Ϊ֮
꼸ɣһƬҽлҷ
Щ˳һ£㰲ȫ˰ɣ
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ֻǲٱǣһԵĳĿ˶ȥ
ǳ»¥ĳСкʦԼ輧
ôû͸
˾ֵĿŲԶ
æס˵ͣСҵСڣ𳳳ˣ˵˼֮أɱǶٴΣǾۻǶٴΣ¿ˣæд뽫Ǵյһɱʴ˲ûǼƽϡ
ƽ͵ͷͷǵԶԡ
Ǿɣ
һȴʱĽ
һ˵˶ˡ
ͥһͥҩռ䡣
ΪǻҩռпϹٴ塢Լ̣Ȼ߲
ͥ˼Ͱ棬ȻװһЩɹԼʸʲôģԼȳȥ
Ǳߵ¶Ҳܲˣ»ǹܺԼȽϿס
Ҫʵӣ˷ȥͥһһһ˵϶̣滹ð̵Ͳû¹ˡ
ǿҵǰҪûǣƽҪˡ
ƨжԾӦʡЩ
˵ģһ棬ƨʵ˷С
ƱһѪͷʶ˲١
ԣȻϾͲóˡ
ͥһһݵУֵԼʱͥϽԼһݵˮַֻŽС
һʯͷ£Լǳ䵱˴磬һһι档
˲ͬǣһǷǳ嵭棬滹ϣʲôϺΡʲôģЩȫϾʱģǱֵܶûԣֲ㽫ЩʳģֻҪˣÿˮһ¾Ϳˡ
һݵٵģ˺ү˵ڵ¶
˶ˣȻθġ
ͥȥЦĶŵԣĿеӷᡣ
ͥȻǲǷЩʱܳԡ
˲һյı㣬һ߳һ¶ı顰ģ֪ôóԵģǰδĺóԵģҾһֱڽˡ
˵Щʲôã취ȥ·
ͥһˣСι档
ǼֵҲжһѡ
ССһһӾܽͷסܹСһڳʱж໬붼˲ȡ
Һ˼һø磬ȫι
˼ԼζĶ˻ҲһһڳԶƣǴߵͥߡ
ȥ԰ɣι
ллִ硣
ͥмĿһˡ
ֳЦЦһ˲䣬˵һĶҪˡ
ȻʮСһ磬ҲԸǵĴ硣
ŶƲɵ̧ͷ˺гĻ棬ߡ˵ƨʲôһףһףƲˡ
Ƕ˵ĵ˶Էһۣϻд˵֮ɫͷ·ڸƣôģ㻹ܽôš
˸Ҫֺͥ˼һҲû䡣
վ˼ζĶߵߡ
ԲΣζܺŶ
˺һװźεĴӵݵߡ
ĵĽҧסһ߳Բһ߸лллŴ硣
ҲҴˡ
軨׷𣬲Ҫ
ƣ֪˷ˣӦһŪ
ͥʵʵĸлƣ˵˵СΣʱ̻ѡվǹƾҲ֪ԼףżӦӵеڶøߵ档
һ˳棬ֿʼĳʳ֣ٲȻĿǰԵȫ׵Ժ
ν˿ģ˳
ǻĿˣǱʦ輧Եͷת򣬳һͥµСŮ֮⣬˵Ӻ޲ÿЩ輧ϡ
-

534 Ӻ

硢硢硢ǲǷˣ
СŮʮĿԼ磬ͬĸֵͬطԷ
֪Щƣȫߥ޵ġ
粻ѧУΪĺѣһȾãԼн죬Ǳġ
ʮҵ꣬һƱյ̸Цһ߽Ŀ̨ϵ輧̣޲ȥ輧ǱؿջԼһ衣
СŮ˼Σ޹󣬱ȥ͸͸
ϵķ˺;ˮ֪ΪʲôԺз·һֱиڸҪԡ
ûԣһԼĵУһ̣;ﲻԾ
СŮƿ˳ȥȴǺȻ֣ԺΪ׵ľ¥СʦԼ輧ǣվ˾ʮ׿ĵط
Ϊѵˣûж⣬ɾ͵׼ȥʱȴЩ˵ĺ棬ĸˡ
СˣһС£һС¶̲á
һ˫۾ͬʱͥҲڴ
СŮмֻ飬ϧˡ
ͥ̾һ
ƺ˳СŮķһۣ漴һЦͥСͥͥĪǿ˼ˣҪϲִһ취һ
ظܵıֵһ硣
ͥûл˵αУ˾һԳеĺӣһˡ
˭˭˵ҿˣһѾͷƬӣһ۾ϲ˼ң໹÷ĳˡ
ͥһĴ硣
һ̣ȴǣסͥ°ڣŽ磬õСѾߣһǵѾҲǲġ
Ѿߡ
ͥһ㶡
˺Ҳһ㶣ûɣССͶ֪ҪѾˣ˻ˡ
ţҿС
ͥ˼Ƭֻ̣Ҫһ뵽ڲݵɹ̫Ա߾һСѾΪ̫ȷ硢ѵĻ棬ĸоһ;ÿġ
Ҫ
˲һЦû뵽Сһﻹˡ
֣ͥصĵ˵ͷһ̣˱ֻú󼹱һһΣǰʯͷԼĽŰ
ΣֻӲͷƤȥˡ
ּҿȫҪСĵȻҪϵֻҪõҲǻõġ
һ˫طһ߱С
ֳֻֻ߳ޣۼطɿȥ
ƺҲܵΣձƽ׷ɢʹ˵һ޾һա
׷Ĵ
ֱһûҷվõСŮŵĿǰһУҪԼλ磬˵ڹ»¥ףǻߣֱӲ˻ȥ
ΪԺΪ׵ļˣԭ毺õɲǼǽ̿һĹһ˫˫ɺնӣҹ֮ɢŹĹ
СŮҲܲס
˵СŮһкĵĽֵ˽ѡ
òõһԼСõƵ״̬һӻָ˲ϧԼѾơ
ܣղСðɣ
ǿȥ
ܵ˽ԼĴ˹䡣
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ֵܶˣҪúһˡ
վ輧Ѿ
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鵽ͷĸоʶľͽеľƱ
˿ٿ輧ʱһĺⶼڸŴ
ʲôӴⶼЩʲô
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Ӻ硣
ͥһ˵µǳӺ
ȻҪԸĲǺӶĵˣӡ
СãС
꼴յأǵǵĴ
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磬
һʱ䣬緽졢緽ף˵ĿˢˢĳŶ濴ȥ
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Ϊÿħ¼ԼСñһİС֣һ֮š
󵨣֡
з΢ָ̧⣬һ°ɫĳ֪Ӻδ·⣬ֱֱĳ˵żȥ
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ģ˱ˣʲôʱ޳ǵľƷ۷ʦҲײһˡ
-

535 

粻ҪǺˡ
Сס۾С
ʶԼпˣµǣǽһ֮أܹвǵܹ޸ꡣ
ȻҪȷһЩɶⲢʮ㹦һаյġ
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СŵشޣԶڶķ쿴Ҫ磬ƾʵֲᷢҲпˡ
ֻ⼫֮أƺһжˡ
óٶۡ޴ȻҲԷҲֲˡ
Сãû°ɣ
׵ĵʵ
Сһû£硢Ǳ˺ЩˣǸղžңܰȫ
֪Сõȷû£״һ£Ҳ֪ǰĸֲݷġ
Ǻߵ˱ĬĹ꣬һ߿Ҫֿ˵ʱһַ𹥻ǰһ߾ͿԵõܺõϢ
˶֪ȥǸͷԼҴ˵ҲŨָҲ
ιģûоͨˮˡ
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˵˻ˡͥҲһ
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˵˵ڰ˵
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Ϊ׵һˣԳء
˵꣬еŮȴ
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еͥһԼˣֻһˣֻҪЩסЩˣǾܰóʱ䡣
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״־һ죬Ѿ˼˵ѣһ˫Ŀ⣬װųʳİ
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ղ˭̵ҡ
˾ԼֱۣȻѾȻֱܹϵ˺ۣ滹˲Ѫ
һ飬СӻǸǳġ
ҲǶ˫ŷΣղ־һսһͷţܳ£ԷгԵģֻһ㣬ҲҪȡԼԲҲСöš
˼Ƭ̣ӻͳһɫĴƿ
ֵܣϺõʥҩͿһ㣬˿Ҫ˰ʱϡ
˽״ƿȫɻ֮ɫ
ļٵġ
ģָ磬Ҵƭˡ
Ǿ͹һء
˿һ۷С㽫ƿҩĨ˿ϡ
˵Ĩȥ˾һʮʵĸоϮͷ
ȻǺҩ
˲̰ĵˣҩҩǣֻû뵽ԸӣҲûЩҩ
ȻνʥҩҪݺݵıȥˡ
ӹ˻ҩһ˫ִ˴Цֵܣܲܡ㿴⼸кӡһһٲԾͻ˵ĴӣҪǸţ̫Щ
ۼŶԷӲԣ㳯ŷʹɫּ״֣˵Ƥӹ֮£˳ˡ
˿佱ԼˣΪѾ˼ӡ
˲֪ƹʳǵڶģǱˣ۵С
˱ϹϾĿһС֪С˵ʲôСŽװгʳİݵϡ
úܹ죬˵ʲôǽʻ˶
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536 벻ͨ

лλλĶֵܼ˶ձؽŰл
쳯˼˹˹һһл
ͥ⼸˻㲻붮
ҪϢһʱĵͻȻһŷ˳
쿴ˡ
ߣ˾ָǵЩĿԼֱЩ껹Ҫɶ񡣡
Ϊ׵İ˶ݺݵĳͥ߿ĿɨӼ䣬ͥϡ
ͥһپ󼹱һ
˽СһһʮķӳڼҴеǡ
£ִڣ˭Ҳǡ
˿ͷϰοСһʵкǱǰˣʵףȴĿСϣƲ
ҲƼڴ°͸߸̧һˡ
װһҺúµӣת㳯ŵһڡ
ĿɵôЦʲô˰ǡ
ʦ֣ڳЦǡ
һɫӵԹĳ߿ڰ˶ߴ硣
ֻĿһŻɱˣ»
ȵЩ꣬ȥСӸɱˡ
һЦж֮ʱδɫ˵ǻһĨЦݡ
ϧΪǵĴʦ֣ȴһӵɵӡ
ʦСİ
Ű뿪ɰΨһļŮʦõС඼ɤ
;вɵ֮úñ֣ȡڼʦõǰһѣ㲻ͬʱӵʦãҲҪһʦõķġ
֪ʦǶǸ˼ɻûеĵһ
ʦеʱʦĹڳʦţȻٵС
Խ죬Ҫúñ֣ȡЩСɱƬײ
ִ磬˺ô죿
ͥЩŵĳ˳˵½ǡ
üͷ˵Ȳ˵ʵжǿؼ߸Ǹ֡
ȻҲӦǶӵĵطǶӡ
ͥʵͬСУѾˡ
ڷСǶԵͣ񲻹һһƷ۷ĴʦԱ⣬ֻǸƿ
̶ʱڣ˽׶һ飬˵пԣһųˣһڲ˵ˡ
Ҫƴಫ
ִ磬ȱ֡
߽ʱͥȴס˵ڡ
һĪʲôð취
ҵġ
ͥ˵ţҪŰȥ
˲̫ģ㳯ŷͷʹһɫֵܶæվͥ࣬䵱ͥʱĻ
˲ɵǼʦʵǿһʵµˣҪˡ
ԷܣôһСӺ̸Уǵĳ⡣
ͥİһ۰˵λ磬Ҷ֪ôӵģҲ磬ҲҪ֪Ϊʲôɣ
֪ûνľ¥ȴĿǽȦףԹ֮ˣʲôö
ԽԽֻҪһ뵽òʦãЩĵļȸƵĪ
ʦҳӵģʲôɲܡ

ͥ°ͣЦ֪ʲôط
һ껹С˵ĵط
˻شĺܸɴࡣ
ͥҲÿС춯˶ѹɤ˵˵Ϊ֮أǣǱٸߣҲӲ˻߻ȥ
ƮƮļðһ˲𾪣ܵԼƽ˫ֽһӡһɫ̱֮С
̿˺ðΣȻЦˡȷǼ֮أһš
ᵽţüͷһ壬Ȼĳȥֻ˷׷սȭͷߺʦּ͡
ƽһ仰ȴð˲
ЩʦʦãȻڽҪͷˮ
Ҫ֪鼫֮صžȺ˵󣬵ѣͱſԡ
Ψл˵ѪƬأʩչطŴ򿪡
طʦʦҲᣬһͨ˵ѩҪƷ۷Ĵʦſԡ
һƷĸո
ãҲ֪ɱЩˡ
뵽˵Ӷ̲סʦûеЩˣΪʲôͷȴǺʵ벻ͨ
ŭͱŵİ˲סķͥ۾ȻЦˡ
λǰгԵģȳԵٴɣ϶Ϊ˳ԷֲǳԷĵطǶ˷ȴûԣҪҲֻס
ͥƺΪǰһ˲Ȼأеĳ
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537 ˮһ

ҽаХ죬콣ڵˣѧɻع壬ˣ˵Ҳա
ХЩ˵׻˲С
ͥһ㲻֪Լʦʦô£Ҳµһ
ܴͥ󷽵ĸ˰ХһͰ桢ĸɡΡ
ȴ棬ɺͺζ±Ƶģ񻹲ʲôհװ⣬һ궼ỵ
ХԷ飬ް֮⣬еα
ӹЩиӼᶨὫЩΪͬˣ뾡һа취ǳȥ
Щʦʦãͷܹ˵һܽܵĴ𰸣ԿǼ̣ܣܱǸˡٵǵĴʦˣߣǴʦ뿪һ,ǾͲͬʦ֡
ĶХûٴγ˹л
ͥʱ˵ˣߵХ߸ҪڣѾһߵХߣཱུСֳ˳Хڡ
ҿԽ״𣿡
ХһתͷһʮֿɰСкԼڣȫһƬݣеĳطɵúݺݳһ¡
Х첻֪ôݴ˿̵飬ǾСܿɰܶԷûѪԵϵ뱣СöԷܵһ˺
Ȼԡ
ХԴ
Цȫǵóѵı顣
Ҳ㣬װɰʮУţʵڲоͰ˹ؽռ䣬ԷΪ¶ԷѾǽΪͬˣôСɰ͸ӦԷúġ
ʱҲˣ˼۾˳
״磬κҵˡ
¶ˣһޣڳ˶
Х첻֪룬ô壬ֹסԷ
ΣֻóͥͶȥȵĿ⡣
ĳ룬ͥҲȰס
ܵܣܿͻˣ˺òá
ͥ˵ãһ˵޵ĸˡ
ͥͷһᣬ۾Ҳʼ΢΢졣
ʱСߵߣŵطı
ˣڰҵܺܶࡣ
С˻һ졢ס״˼ʯ
ǵСʲôʱôˣԣװġ
ǵ֪Сþһ۲۵ĻħҪˣүõȥﶼ
Ƿͷֵܣ˻ϡǵãСñڲ㽫ҵլˣ⻹㣬еʯͷСҼң֪ӷ磬ðɫӲ棬Ͱ˻ƽϡ
ΪȤζǵСûûƽһ
ʱСõҲûںȥʰƽʱȴ֣ƽѾˡ
֮󣬷ҵļҵ׶ҪСڸ͸ˣû취Ҽ㽫ħԼӣǲȥشϣȻҲȥ
ǣֵֵֵܶ
ȻЩ㣬ǵСȴŹǵĵ׹Ȣ˼СþͶЩ֮ǣɱףʵǵСõʱѲˣЩûйϵ
ǵĵΪǵȻȻͰСó죬ɻͷһСѾ軵Ѿˣš
ˣοһСⲻ̫߳ˣʲô
Ȼˡ
ãԺԸҵѾ𣿡
һϣĿŷС
СͷһؼôɰСкԴӵһ۾ҲƲ۾ʱҲɵĵ˵ͷ
ٶʯλ˺ͥˡ
˾ãСƨѧĵ·ǰ
ͥͻȻ뵽ʲôһĨÿĻȡ
̫ˣԺҾѾˡ
ĵС֣ͷͥ۾
ͥᣬŷֵܵı飬Ҳ֪ôˣһֲõĸоϮͷ
Ĭ˰ΣͥȻˣȻܵϲôⷽСȥΣúýġ
ͷֻޱȻһ㶼Сø˵Ѿ߿ˣֻҪСѾСˡɰӣѾߣĲ⣬˵׼³֮ǵĵῪĵķһԱڡ
һߵˣǵĴʦԷ̸һ˼ûУɵľ
ɫӵۣߵʦĪӲǿɶ񡣡
ô˵ȴµҪǵĴʦַʲôתһ룬־òܡ
˵Ϊ֮أһͷˣȴ߲ˣôʦֻЩɵʦ
ȥʦУȻ콣ڻ̵ѧϰˮһÿ˶ҪѧǵĴʦڷˮһеãҲ϶Է˵صŸҳ²ߡ
-

538 ʧ

Хۣ˵ʦܡ
λɫӵˣʦ˱աһһֱ֪ԼЩ鷳ԷϽ͡
һԣһʣ«ﵽʲôҩХýֺͷҲ뵽
ʦܣԵĶȥʦܺʦǶˡ
ХվŶߺ
һʱ䣬ͥˡ˻״ȫ˰Х졣
ǰХ챻㵽ĿⶢЩȻæ͵ģҼȻѾλͬˣͲٶҡĵЩʦܡʦãȻǵȡɶȣǴ֮ˡ
Хһͨ˷װХĿġ
Х첻˵ĹûʣڸᣬȶԷ׼ŻǹԹԵԼı֣ǵߵڰףͱʹɱ֡
ϾЩУҲΨˣŲΡ
΢תŤͷһļЦţҹȥʲô
ʦСģҪŴʦֻǻˡ
λʦʦûעⰲȫ
żˣϵЦӵʱ
ȺˣҲʺϵʯ
жݺݵ
ᶨĳԼ߶ХһѾ˴𰸡
ΪԼܽƵĺܺãһеģȴðХ˻ɡ
ʦŵʱҪǸɻ£ôϾǲɽҲˮ
£ôһ飬ƫƫԼΪԼεĺܺá
ʦ֣ôòĪѣͰЩʦܡʦøˡ
߽ĿƵɨһȦˣĿͣͥʱ۾
˲һ벻߳жҲҪСģҪӱˣģ˭˭Ҳûˡ
˽Լվţϸֳɱ⡣
δڣХѾߵߡʦܣɷԸǽˡ
ˣƾǡ
ȸ
ôˣѵȲֻȸ
Сָһٴ룬ڳÿ˶һ
ɫǺתΪףֺڳ˹
СﲻӦôڼȵǵʱ޳ȥһȺүߣҲ½˸Ȣ
С˼һĻʵ㽫ĿԼϡ
ȻֻҪһ뵽ǵĸ嶯һˣÿüëͲɵý
ֵֵزΪֵá
漴뵽ʲôĿⶨͥϡ
ͥҲ֪ѾͷƬӿһۺ󣬻ǳ
Ҫû˸ȢȢ
ͥǰһ֣˵
ͥ״֧㡣
״ѾˬˣҪǹȫ֣ͽ˸
Ҳ֧㡣
ͷҲŷ׷ױ̬
ͥپһůʵȢСֻǷСΪСһˣӦñܵ˺΢΢ҲҪ¡
ʱ˲ǿ󣬶ǺĥԼųɳġ
գһͬϵôգҲпܱһɳϺݺݵĲڽŵ¡
ԣͲͬԱͬĵ״£ÿ˶ƽȵġ
Сô֧ǳͥǷǷȻڷֵܶ˵Ĵ£
㣬һǽͷݣ紵ߵ
ѾͷŲ˺졣
˵㳯ŷСķȥ
졢׶˲һеǰ壬ҪܵľȻԼСãɲٶٿ죬ˡ
ҪСˣҶҡ
Сÿ㿪
ۿˣ֪ˣͲӦСüŭԷ벻һүǣȻСӶҪɱ˾öġ
״ָľȻЩҲŷСķȥ
ˣѾ˹ȥȻٺڣҲʲôı䲻ˡ

˫ĿԲۿŽѾסСõüģ־Сûһֻ첲ľ롣
ס״ֶĶᵽɤϣٿһĻ
СǸŮޣǸΪһƷŮޣ޳Ҳ൱һͨˡ
񣬶һƷľ֣ﻹʲô·
ǧһ֮ʣСƾʧˣһͬʧĻͥ
̹ȥһһգֱӳŷĸ첲ȥ

ֻ˲䣬ֱ֮ϱһɺ˿ڡ
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539 谭

쾪֮࣬һ쳹ܡ磬Сúһںܰȫڴ˵¶СӾͲˡ
Сû°ɣ
ܷ˵ٻԼСõ
硢硢û£һҪͰǸ˴ж˿顣
ֱСڳҲһ
챻ֱۺüͷһµģݺݵĵ࣬Ҿ캴һ
ҡ
һ˫ӷ·ѪֻŴɱ䡣
״ָһҲߣСǸ۶СӾȻҶ֣ҿ궼߹󡣡
ɵ˵ľګƬ̣漴ŰХͶȥȵĿ⡣
ʦ־ҡ
ᣬվԸȻΪߣҲͬΧ
һĺ޲ýƤǽɲӲӲ
֪˺αص
Х˫ֻأ¶һĪ̬
ɾ͵׼ֵʱ򣬰Хס֡
֣ͣɻĿХ졣
Х˵Уܿŭ⡢Щ⡣
ХЦλˣҵ˼ǽץסѪ˵һţҪ˵Ѫܴ򿪡
Х죬ǲһڴ⣬ҽʦ֣û뵽㾹һˡ
ըˣָŰХÿ˵һ֣ǴӷＷģΪʵ޷ţһʵĴʦ֣ΪһӿˣߣλʦһֱϷŪΪľǹؼʱ̣һ
˴˱˴ˡ
Х첻˵ʲôѡ˱ȥ
ֵཻܻһȻ͸ˣ³ȥҪ
ҲǷһ°ļֵɣ
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üͷһЦ໹˶׷ߡ
ХΣտ󣬻ͷҲһ
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Х΢΢һ漴ᶨĿʦ˵ǵǱģʲôˣǻ᲻ˣ˵أ
ĵǴʦְɣ
༸ʦҲʼַХ졣
Х쳤̾һڲף޴˲Щʦáʦܡ
֪ȰЩѾôЩ±Ͷ̥ҪٵˣΪ绹
ȻˣǾ;һսɣ
Хֳֻʤ
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λʦʦ˵ǽһûʣХŬȥЩеĳһλʦܴȥ
⼸λ֮ͬ˻ɱˡֵܻ״ָǲʾХһϵƣȱ˭ԡ
ܿ죬Ӫ˱
Ϸ˵죬һʱ䣬֮ȫЩһǿߵĴ򶷣硣
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˵һƼæҶס֣ڲɱʱ򣬻Ǻúһ뿪ʱ߻ʵԶʲôԡ
ǰٴˣٴȥҶꡣ
һŮЩˣ϶֮ɫ
Ϊʦã֮һ
ӣţѪôܹãһ㡣
̣û°ɣ
װĵߵ˵ʦԡ
ݸһЦϾ糺졣
ʦ֣û¡
Ҳܻ䣬˵潫ӵ뻳УȻ˵ʦˣƣȵЩ
ţȻ˭ҲûнĻһ£ΪѾˡ
Сǵöʦ˵뿪ʦžͻȢ
ԼˣʦȴǲչԼѷ֣Ǵֻˡ
ܿ죬˱Ťһһۿһе΢΢
Ϊʲô˼æ˶ԷһǷȭ
ʦ֣ǲڴʲô⡣
üͷһ壬ͷЦӯӯĿ̣Ů˱𿴽εεģʵװģǼмɫԲŶôһ㡣
Ůȴ֪ôƶȢڱ˲֪ϲƯŮˣмõŮˣˡ
ǰͲŮҪǴŮٻȥֻһ谭
̣ǡ
ս̵Ķ߲֪˵ʲô̵С˲Ǻ
ʦ̫ˡ
СϱŤŤĲ
˽ĳ׼ʱһ裬ֻһһŮ˵ĲҽУͷŵĿǰһĻ
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540 Լ

ȴеĳ̵̽ĿڣĿĵѪȾĻһ̵·Χɢ
̵һ˫˾֮⣬ǿҵĲʡ
ΪΪʲô
ſ죬ѪǣѾ˻췦ĵزһȻ
ĳưܵĲż˵һڵϡ
ѪȾŵĵط֪ԼҪˣǾǿĳӣĿ
ңΪʲô
ΪҴûϲ㣬Ůô򣬶ң㻹ɱϲŮ꣬죬ȥ꣬ڰɣ
˵ţֵ˵棬һ̵̽Ĳ
ûü˵һغ
ľ֮࣬ȴҲ̵̬𺳡
ôȥŮˣĿ˫գϻ¶ЩЦݡ
Ҷ֪ԲЦ뿪ԳԼˣ˻߾ôɻҽֻҪˣκһУҲʹࡣ
𣿡
Хָ޲ýǧС
ʦʦãҲ׷վ˰Хߣһʷ
벻ʦ־Ȼһˣǿˡ
ǣʦɱѽǱġ

һһ˵ȵֺðХ졣
ХһУЦ֪͸ģĪɡ
˵ſ׵ĻХѽЩ˿͸ˣЩˣˡ
˻˼֤Լһˡ
ЩԶᵱǽͷݣʧƣæ뵽λʦ֣Ƿ
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û뵽Ⱥ쵹꣬˫ͨ조һʩչһߵģ£һǾȽϺãװʦ֡ʦܣڡ
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Ѿ˶Хʦܡʦ˵ֹ
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˴˼ƲԣæελλСϵܵĵǼĻϰ壬ǼҵСиһռ鱦Ҳʲô¡
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״һĭд̰
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СòˣԲ¶
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״ֿź׾ȴǼģЦЦ˵ҾǸпһ£˵׶λСϵܾ˴ң״ֱصл
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ͷֵܶҲҪٻؼңͼ˱ƽǷ׷׳ŷСķȥ
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СãòҪѾ߰ɣ
ѾʲôǺѣѾҪһܺóԵġġ
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ȵ˶ûԺ󣬷СߵԼߡ
ǿɱˣҾȥ棬ʱĦС
仰û˵꣬㱻ͥһɹȥ
Сŵæס죬ͥһٸ˵ǸռһжҪ˽ǵᵴȻ޴棬ҲҲԲĺóԵġҲܡ
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541 ͷĻԵ

ԼСãкµˣֵ͸оǵȫ䱦֮鲻Զ
СãȥƽʱͰ͵ȥ浽ʲôʱȥʲôʱȥ
š
Сɵĵ˵ͷ
ֳͥ˻ֵ֣ͬһ𣬳鱦뿪˶
ƿĵĴСλǳԷҲҪؼˣȻҵΪˣѰ˼ŽýЩ˽Ӵ
ȥɡ
ӶĻ˻֣öߣҲ徻һЩ
ֻʣ°ХʱˡͥŤͷˣХЦҲسǣ˳·ѡ
һ·˵Цĳųжȥ
;˵˺ܶ࣬ͥʼХʲôʱ򣬰Х쳤̾һ˵Ҵؼ壬Ͼȥ콣ھΪüü
Щʦܡʦô죿
ߣЩҿɲպٲ㣬һЩ캦飬콣Ϊά˵ʲôҲŻģʱǲɱǣȻɱ
ХѾЩ˳ʧˣᵽʱ򣬸ıܿ
õͥҲܷģ溦°ХΪ鲻ȴЩ˱ֻȥˣҪù
Хô룬ҲΪһ¡
ͬʱԶڲ븽ӵĳ˼һУǰջ֮仹ڼ֮أȴΪȴЩꡣ
ϹٰٶǰһɽɳѣɵüͷɳȫԼϣĪѾ˰ɣ
ͷǰոǻϹٰپһ
ʮ̰ƣ˵һ־硣
СһȥʱǸǮģһҪÿһ
Ҳû취㽫ǰѸ鱦Ӹ˷ͷ
ͷӼֵƣҸطˡ
Ѱ˼ţҪǷͷˣͰûҲİӳΪ֮
ҿɲϣ¡
˼һϹٰ١
ǣҪˣǶꡣ
ѩҲĵϹٰ١
ΪһˣȻϹٰټƽϣѾ񾯸˴ˣܲ˵ͱ˵
ʦҪʼˣϧ!
˼ૡ
Ц㰡ʲôʱ˻ǸƻᣬҪǲμƻᣬҲ
ԣҵ𣿡
˼ͣЩĿء
һæ˼С֮߬СûУôС
˵̸ǡѩĶѩ죬ǽ˵˳
ô죬εĪ
˼֣ңҪңҶڼأ
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ʵϣѩҪڳÿ˵Ͷ󣬻Ƶǵĳֻòѡ
ѩȴΪζüһֵֹֹĸо۸һһ
ѩô룬Ǵûйֹ㣬μǸʦᣬҲͼ
˼ĵĽ͡
ѩڿޣȿ޵ĲˣˣŽ˼Ļȥ
ѩڲٿˣϹٰٸֲһ
Ҫ˳¹ˣҪȻǳһ춼
Ϲٰ˵Щ˶ûе˼
˶ԼϹٰŭȵô⵵¶Ҫǲôʱ޳٣˭а赲
˵ţϹٰȥ˼ó˼Ƥˡ
ۣ˼УĻصɹȥ
Ϲٰߡ˵ⶼ˭Ҳ֡
ѩ⻰ǺһЩϹٰҲ˽֮ǰõĸĹۡ
ڼ˻˵Щʲôʱ֮صϿգ֪ʱƮһơ
⡭Ҫɽ˰ɣ
㿴ңҿ㣬Ҫɽٵӣ㽫Ŀɳסķͷ
ǷͷҪɽˣͷֲҪô౦Դֵ׽ٰɣ
ϹٰǼ鱦׽ǿԼһʹģԼ᲻ãȴҪͷȥãСӴ۵ĶϢˡ
˼ȴΪȻͷǾƷ۷壬ɽٵĻǿǰʢҪ֪ΪԽԽѣǾƷ۷壬ʥֻһţҲ˺ľҲûгɹǰһͷ۷ʥ磬ָտɴˣҶһЩһĿⳡʢ
˼˻һ˵˵ĿС
ͬʱʥҲôģɹʧܸռһ룬ҪôȥһطɾͲʥˣҪôɷɻң궼С
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ѹѹƲ׵֪׽ˣһһ̶ȣͻԥ
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542 ۶

ͷ˿ٴУɳΧǵֲСɽУɫֱ䡣
һ첻֪ˣһ죬һľ͸˳һľսġ
һͷĴ
¹ǺôʶһҸΪ˾ǲأãҵ׽ʱˣҪûжɹ׽٣¹ʬյֽҲ治ڹӡ
ͷĻԣֱ顣
Ǹ̰ƵͷҲҪԼ͡
˼ЦǰĪҪԼԼˣжһһҲûڿҪ֪㰡
˼ûٺͷĳƺֱӺǰ
˻÷ͷһůҲ˸׽ٿ
ãͷû˵ٿʱǰʱ
ˣ졭
ͷúġ
ɫһ׷ٶȺˡ
ʱŨڵ֮УֱһˮͰϸɫ׽٣˼ס͡
׽ٻɫģͷж̰
˼ɵͷƽĵǣЩ˵ģЩĴͷϵñӶ֪ٸˡ
˼رյЦ˼ͷֲϵ书׽ɫģΪ档ɿ̽һУΪ˷ɱһˡ
ô֪
˼ЩݵĿء
һԵϹٰٱʵڿȥˣôʲôʱҪΣ˶ɽҿƢãȻͽ˸ˡ
޳ô󣬱Ĳ˵ڶɽٵν޾ϸԴһ֪ˡ
Ϲٰٵ𣬴˼˵˼
غ޺޵ĵϹٰ٣֮д˶µζ
ϹٰٻصɹȥҴΪԼ۾Ҫĳ˵ĴΪˣϲ
µϹٰС˼زˣ毺õûб
ģ˺֮䣬Ǳ˭Ǯ˭б¡Ϲٰٵãֱ˭۾
֪˼֪¶θ룬͵ش㽫˵˼ʱ򣬵ڶ׽ٽ¡
ȷе˵ɫһͬ£ʱ䣬̹ס֮أ̵һ˲Ļ㱣һ޴ײͺ¡ٴγǰľѾ׷˱仯
ȴԭȽͷסľɳѾ˷ɻңͷֱվţɢʣһɷǵĸо
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ӽ£һҲͷϢĻᣬľѡ
Ҫ˽ȣôǽҪһͻ׽٣֪ҪӦԡ
ͷҲһ۾˫ֲϷɣӯӯ̹⻷ƣģӵϳһò
ͻȻֵ֮ģǧ꣬״۵ף˶ͷľ֮飬ɵһ㡣
˲һʶǣϣδ˺ֻΪ޴ײɢһصҶ
׹ʧ˼Ȼ׽پȻˡ
ĺܳ˼̲סˡ
ȴϹٰ˵벻ͷıԪȻһ÷ɣֲ
Ԫʲô
˼ǿһϹٰ١
Ϲٰεҡҡͷ㵽Ʒ۷ʱ򣬾ͻԪԪкܶ࣬еɵķࡢеһɽеһƬȻҪ˭ıԪǴӡʲôĿɾͱˡ
˵ϹٰٵĻȻֹ
˼üͷһ壬֪Ϊγ˱硣
δȳ˼ڣһץס˼С˵˵Ҹ㡣
֪
˼أȴǰԼݺݵıһѡ
Ҳ֪ԼһĵڸʲôЩӦö֪ġ
ǿ˳˼ĹǣνЦ㰡Ƕ̫࣬ƽûʱȥעģԺС£÷Ϊ֪ͣģңʱ˻Ҫɫαأ
ڹĳ˼Ϲٰţȴﶼ
һ㽫עȫڷͷϣٹעԶԧ졣
˼ɫߺĵ˵ͷ£˵ԪǴӺôӦ׽ٵʱǲñԪֿģĸ졣
Ϊʲôѽ
˼ɲұ֤ԼΪ˾Ʒ۷ıԪǴӺ
ԣ׼ǰô㡣
˼ΪЩ磬⻹ҽġ
ЦӯӯĿų˼ȫûΪԷݵľګֵᷳ෴۶ǳ˼
-

543 ǧ

˼ӦȻʧЦԭЩġ
һԵϹٰٺ벹ϼ䣬Լݣգ˵İ˾ŲʮһЩϸû˵ϣӰ첻ˡ
֪ͷӭ˾ŵ׽٣žŵ׽׹˼ǣ˼ֻ󼹱ͬʱ̿ǰġ
˵仰ʱ򣬳˼ֻţҲͷʹҲͷɹ
ʧܣڷͷ֮ʣ˵һ仰
ǳɹҲͷһԵʱҲȥǸط˵׼ܵõͷչˡ
ͷû֮ǰ˿ȫԼıԪֿ׽٣ǽϹٰõ鱦ա
ŵɫ֮ƣֱֱĳŷͷͷ
ɲǼ䣬·ж˿˿ʹó˼һļƤ
ôһ˲˼ס۾ɵʢڡ
ҧأǰһС
ԵǸܵڷæסС֣ů
£ڣŷͷܶɹѹء
صȰš
Ǳͷȥ鱦ӣŵɫ׵ײɲǣ鱦̼㻯Ϊ˷ɻҡ
ϲɺصǣŵɫ׵磬ҲΪ鱦ӵԵʣʣ׵磬Ҳû÷ͷи
ȴ漴óһףССʮ鱦ȫʣ׵ȥ
һʱ䣬˼˾ˣҲ̫ݳˣңҪϷǸ£ͷȫǿ˹Ұ
¡¡
һ𵴣˵۾ܿǰʱЩͷյ鱦ѻ˷ɻҡ
ͷվԭأ뷽ŲͬǣڵķͷȻվţȫѾڣʱʱðỤ̋ɢⱻζ
˰ɣ
ϹٰپԴ
˼һۣҪǰ̽ȴѩȸס
ǿɢȥˡ
ѩָգ˷׷̧ͷȥ
˼Ѿε֮Ҳڱĵط
֮ǰȥСԹֻʣ¼Ƭԫϱڣȥشǡ
ֻǷͷ飬еĴ̣Ƕôϣͷܹɽٳɹʵ̫֤һʢ
ΪģԼģ⵽ԼɽٵʱӶˡ
ңô꣬޳һ˷ʼ£ûܷɹҪˣЩ㣬Ŭ󣬻׵
֮̿ʣһ죬ٶĵ
Ҳ֪ǲǼͬʱۻˣѾ˽̿ķͷ˶ţĺɫ̿һһĵ䣬¶Ƥ
˼ʶԼѵ˵֮Ƥá
ǰķͷƤã˵Ĳɣ½¶ıɽһǣȴһֻȻһµĸо
ͷ
˼̽Եĺһɤӡ
ͷҵĶ˶漴ĺɫ̿һ£ȥ¶һŮ˻Ҫӡ
ڳĳ˼ѩΪŮԣҪͷ˭۾
ȥ˼۾Ƿͷʲôָһ£һɫӱ㴩ϡ
Ůһ飬ʧ֮ɫԡ
ʲôһֲ
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ͷ˦˦ͷʣµһ㽹̿תˡ
˼Ĵгͷ
ʲôͷ˵ĺֳƵģڵңѾָ׳ʱڵòҪǰֱӽԡ
ԳĴͳһСӣ˰죬촽һĨȡ
̫ˣ벻ǰʱô
ѩ̲סп
˼ȴǰ˵ǳɹ˻ʧˣôѽ
Ȼǳɹˣֻλ֮ڸ·ϣҽҵƬ̣ʲôⶼҡ
λ֮񡭡
ȫɵˣôڵ˵ϷһѶ
һı飬ҲգҽŸ򵽵ȫǰɣ
еľպãԱ㿪ʼԼĽ
˵֮Уֻһ磬ԣǧ磬ǧǧС硣
ÿ֮ϣλ档
ÿҲӳ֡
򵥵Ļֻ޳ǣһ֮ܳΪһƬ½һ磬ǱǵĵطǧСеһС硣
˿ɾ㱻֮Ϊ
еոγɣȴȻޱȣԳëѪءԭʼ޺ҳɱ¾类֮Ϊԭʼ
иսƵභһ磬类֮Ϊ⽨
˵Ƽʱ򣬳˼뵽Լļ
ĿƼѾչ̾ΪֹĵزɣӵܻΪܼҡܼʻͥɴɹ໹û٣
ЩԶнȴ˵ʮӲڱԺͻȻӿֳ֪ʶ
ֻг˼֪ЩǴڵġ
أ˼ƺҲ֪ԼΪλˣΪԻ˵ˣ󣬲һϲԻһ˵Ĺ£Ƿֻػ߳ʧ֮䡣
˼ȫϲԴһ񣬱Ҫͬȹˣɳɾʹ
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544 

Խ˺ܶ࣬ʱüʱȫɵۡ
ǰʥ
ϹٰĴԵ
ԲõĵһϹٰ١Ȼ
ǰ¶һ֣ǼҲһʥֶΡ
ѩ塣
ȴֱҡͷƬСǲֵģҾͻᱻĨɱ
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໥һۣʾ󣬻һЩڶɽٵ֪ʶʱӭһĽ⣬ס
ţڽľͷ㴫һҰ޵ĺС
˲ס̧ͷȴƼһƽڴˣڻƽıϣܿһƽףֳؽˡ
˲ŭһ˫ǳɨ·һк󣬱Ȼ
ԣ㻰̫ˣһС磬ݱ֪ѾöûܳɹˣյǺ˵ͷ벻ҪΪú߽ݾӶй¶
ǣλ֮˵ǡ
ţȥɽģʲôҪ˵Щ˵ɣҲЩ󱲰ɡ
λ֮˵Щ㲻ٽ
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ǣĿ˼һһٵѾͷЩŮˣҪͷ㰲һ¡
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Ի˵ţм仹Щįͱ˵ġ
˳˵볤ϣ浽һȴֻܿѲԼȴʲôҲˡ
ԾѾᣬȻû˵˼֪
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˼Ӧԡ
ΪԻ뿪û뵽ȴǴյ˳˼СҪʦᣬʮգɲҪΪССһƬֲ԰Լ
˵գͷϿһЩŭԣ͵еǷЩ뿪й¶
Կǣվڻƽ֮ϵλ֮񣬽ǳԵһָţԵۿɼٶ
ͬʱ콵֮ϺȻʰ쵵Ʋʣв֪裬¡ء
Ƭ֮޳ǵ˶һУֻǲδƼԻվھ֮ϵλ֮
һʱ䣬ǷˣҲһʢ£׷״Ӽܳͷ
鼤ģֱӿ޺ˣ޳˷ˣٲһҶҪʼֻ̽ŵʲôˡ
ǰ˷ˣǲ֪˭

۲ˣһ˫ʼһƬ֮Ը뿪
ʱȺв֪˭һɤӣֹסꡣ
֪˭Ƿͷԣǿǵ̹⣬׼ͷ޳ǣһľϵ书ܴﵽ˻򣬿϶Ƿͷ
ļٵģҿͷ̫ѽ
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֪ˣǾӦüλǰѰһЩɽ֮Լɽ٣ҲҪи׼
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һһ룬ȻҲвǷͷ֮ˣϾ޳ǺܴΪֹû˽޳߱飬˵ЩɽĴܡ
ڱ˵˷ֲ֮ʶһ¡
ڳ˼˵Щ˻ǲҪ֪ĺãΪ֪ˣҲһܳɹɽ١
Ҫ֪λԣڶɽٵʱ򣬲ɳķ˶鱦ԼıԪŽֵס׽٣ˣδĻԵʹֱʣͬʱΪԼڻͨǾɽٳɹĹؼ
Էɵ˾ı֮λ֮˵һԱ㳯·ֵ
˼һᣬûסᡣ
ƸУĽʺµ䣬˵ͷôһԵȴ֮̿УΪƷ۷Ͻ׵׽жֲǼʶˡ
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ɫָһֶص죬鶼ܸӡ
ã˼˿ڡʦỹȥ𣿡
Ȼȥ˵׼˵ҲǸԵԲ˵𣿻Ե޴ڣʱΣĥأʵϵԼ󣬻ٶܵõһЩĶ
ѩϹٰٻʾҪȥ
˼һأҲ˵ͷ
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545 ŷ̶

˼ֻ̯̯֣ȻǶҪȥôȻʦ̶ѨҲҪǴһˣ˵ҲʲôԵڵȴǡ
һ磬˼˾͵˲ɽ֮С
˴ɽΪԭʼɭ֣ľ졢ա
ǰʱ䣬ǻڲΧʱ򲢲ô˵صĹжవɵ븹غ󣬶ʱãĻ컹ûкڶʱӣһʮѹֵĸо
һǰһԭʼɭ֮д˴ʱǿһԻ͵Ĺ
еԭĻʹǰĿյ֮ϡ
ôһͲµøʪʲôģ˵ʪס˻
ѩΪ̫·Щ²۵
˼ȴãｨ칬ȷʵʡ
أۣ漴ӵϼһʯͷ̽ԵΧĺǽ
ʯͷڸҪײǽ֮ʣ㱻һε˷ĩ
ľȻԷŵһĻŵˡ
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˵䣬յɫŸ֨һ򿪣ţӿֳʮ׵Ļ
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δһѻ˵꣬ȴһ˳ӡ
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ν뺯ǿģ⼸뺯˼ͻ˲ٻƽҪǿֲ԰ķϣŲأ
˼뺯һۣɨһˣŤͷʹɫ
˿ߣż˹˹뼸λ£֮ǰЭܹһϮвٳ϶ˣҲβŶԽʿʡ
˼ü˼Ƭ̣ĵǣϮʦЭᣬθڿɲС
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˼ǰ棬ѩϹٰپ󣬽ȥʱɫѵһסɲǼ䣬ƺһжһ㣬֮磬ܿտաŵ˱ǵʻ
˼𾪲ѣǼЩסһλŲӹ㳡߹Ѿߡ
Ϊ˵ǡ
Ƕһ鱦֮У鱦ԳһС磬ȻСȴˡ

˼һЦʵȴĵĺܣһСС鱦ôҩռȡ
Ѿ߼˼ЩľګΪԷǱɵˣ̧ԴЩ߰Ĵӳ˼߿
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Ҳ֪˼زϲ˵ͷβûˮ
ҪǰߣһעĿӼ
ҵ˭أԭǼûĴô򡣡
⻰ΪŮ˵ĳ˼ѩһʱתȥȴƼһģ毺ãڶʮµķȹŮӣһļѵĹӸӵ£֮ˣ
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վסС˵𣿡
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ŷ̶ԼֿЦһ죬ְף㳯ԼһӸ˵ȥȥ˺ˡ
ӸһԸ⣬ųĿһϹٰ٣漴һ
ɲϹټҵǸɱ𣿱̶С㣬ңҵʵƷȥֻܵڻҡ
ߣûõĶϻ˵ңڶһˣҹ
ŷ̶ٿһ۹Ӹ磬ָɫŭ
˵Ů˴ŮҪǷ鶯ɰλŷ̶ģȻоøûʲô
ǱĹӸ翴һԼòЩƵˣί磬ҡ
˼Ҳϲ㣬Ҫϴգ˵ˣ佫Ŀĳ֪ߵغŮϣץ츳Ҳĳ˲
˵ţһ˫ϬĿȴɨŷ̶
ŷ̶һüͷ
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546 

˺ڧ˼΢΢̣ϧټһѻ
ͷֲûŮˣĺδ޷ݣαصһ֦أ
˼Ļḡһ׹ˡ
ŮǣԸһᲱϵҲԸ辶
УͲסӵˣָų˼һͨŭ
㶮ʲô̶С޳һĵŮЩɽҰʲô
˵һˣ֣һǸûӵġ
ŷ̶ȹ֮ȷʵǶ࣬ó˼е̿ˡ
ǰɽҰЩɽҰʲôѵ˵ɽҰ򶼲硣
ϹٰۿˣһҲ顣
ỵ̶̂ĿڼһɨӣͻȻעͣصϡ
ղŹæźЩɽҰˣûпȿ˧ˡ
ŷ̶ãͬʱҲкüĿڴѩ
˼ѩͬʱܵΣУһۣýҪǲʲô˻Ϊġ
˼صļС˹ǿˡ
֣ӹ֬׷ۣЬ䡣
Ҳ֪ǲǹģθ˲٣ڳֻҪӶ
ŷ̶ɫֱ䣬ȼһŻ𣬾ô˿Ҫǲй½һ춼Բȥ
ιʲô񣬱СҳǣЩӹ֬׷ܱȵ𣿱С㿴ϣҡ
˵գŷ̶ֳ߸ŵһڹӸʹ˸ɫ
˼Բ˽شǰ
вʱҪֺŷ̶ӶΪԼļıȡˡ
ܿ죬ݲһΪڰƷڵˣ̧Դų˼һп
˼۾첻¶һ֣Щ˾Ͳ֪Ϊʲô졣
δȳ˼ѩһץס˳˼
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λˣÿǲŮˡҪżĻЩµˣø缸ú㡣
һͷӵ˳ѩ˴֣¶Ц
ѩߡҸǴҪӮˣԺټǾ͵Ƶߡ
Ǵ򣬱ˣϸ첲ϸȵģˣǻ۵ġ
һ˲ǵĹӣѩ׳һۡ
ѩĵûµδȻع߸һ죬Ѭ˵Ŀٴѩθһ󷭹
ģ׷ŷ̶ĶһȺʲôˣǽϵĽлӣҲҪ߰ɣ
һʱ䣬ѩ֪˵ʲôˣһݣֱӳ˺һơ
һƣѩʮɵĹҲҪֻܴʣ°òҲʡȥŷ̶Լһϵ鷳
ǣֱֱͣڰУʱһ˲ֹһ㡣
ѩˮϵ书Էʩչóˮϵ书ˮͰϸıۿžҪ˵˫ȣͣڰУŵˣǵµǽѣ֪ʲôҲ
߶ǿͣιʶֶš
ĩˣһϵգӦһء
˳ȥ˿һλͷ׵ĳߣȻǸ˼ңɻȴֹ
ʦЭĶϣһ͵ķϣͲҪˣ˼ܲסġ
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طˣһˣҪôƺһǰҪôиһŻóڵˡ
ʶʲôΪΪʲôûôУͽһƷ۷ֵʮɻ
ѩճյĿŶϡ
ۻ׵ĺ˵Ʒ۷ɽڡ
̵һ仰ڳɫһ
Ʒ۷ɽڣɲʱӭ׽ٵΪѾˣҪɽٷʵ
ֻǼ벻ͨȻҪɽ٣Ϊʲôﵱϡ
ѵ˼һ󵨵뷨漴ǰϵϣռ鱦ǲܹ׽١
۾һУ´һ˼ЦЦ˵СŮ۹ⲻⷿӵȷܶ׽٣ʱֻж̶̵ʮ꣬Ҫʮ֮ڲɶɽ٣ʱ׽ٻὫ鱦ʣ
ϵĻ˵г˾֮⣬㺡
˵ףҲݻ֮ߣֻֻΪʲôãֱ޷ǵˡ
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547 㲻

˼˵ʲô̲סʵϣβһЩ鱦׽ʱãվǸ¶
书˲һǰھҵǳҵһˣҪ鱦ã˵׼Ҷҡ
˼Ļǲɵó鴤˼¡
˼Ȼ˼éٿĪǶϵ书
ǡ
ƺܲԸ֣ɫ˼䡣
ϵ书һ˾Ʒ۷壬ɽٵʱ׽پͻͨ˵׽ǿʮ
Ҫ֪ϵ书Ҫó˵ĴǷɵ̫Щ
ȻˣΪεҪѡϵ书
˼Ȼʡ
زɵõյ˼ߣһ˫۾ǶŶϡ
˼ˣŭϡ
˼ֻ˵ްȴǰԼԸ˵Լ˵Ļ
֮ǰԾˣ˴ǰʦЭὫһǰѣǼ˺пȫˣβһʼЩԭα¶
ϱĿһ۳˼漴˵ʱ򱻳׷ɱΣֻѡ񹥻ǿϵ书ͷһʰȴ֪˶ɽٵʱȴ鷳
Ҫó˼һ¸˿Ļ˼ֻ˵ʱЩҪڵԼһ£Ҳ;ôꡣ
̸ָָֻķ˵ʱѾˣ˿Щȥɣ
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ŷ̶һĨѾ߽ٻӰ֮ȫԹ
˼̲סһ磬ʶ󿴣ŷ̶ͷסЩҡ
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һŮӲĿ˼һС
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ã㹷ȵǰסŷ̶½ĵ̶С㣬Ҳˡ
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Ǹû𰡣οǻǵһμ
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Ҳˣһٱң˭Ϊֹ
˼ĻӦϹٰ١
ϹٰȻúһתЦҪùˡ
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Ϲٰٳ̾һҪһ˼ǸöãֻϧѾΪ˱˵ӡ
Ϲٰ۽һĨױ˲ʧ䣬ñѩ׽ˣߵϹٰߣü˲Ϲٰ١Ҫ˵ʵڲУ˼С˼ǮĪ˵㣬ȫҶС
֡ѩŮˣŲñӡ
Ϲٰû㱻ѩϹٰٺôҲϹټҰӣ˵Сֱ
ϹٰٵķŭѩŵͬĨͣһ̵ĳų˼Ǳȥ
Ϲٰٵķŭ޴йҪȥ͸͸ͻȻһ¡
Ϲٰٷ߿תȴһλµŮߴĿ
ŮӺǽΣüĿ֮Ȼ˼һһ˲ϹٰٿóˣŮӺ߲ѣԭض˶ţתŷ̶
Ůס󣬲֪˵ʲôŤͷϹٰ١
ϹٰϸһºŮ֣лһĨ㲻̫Զ
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548 

Ϲٰ˵ĺСǸŮ˶С
Ůüһң ˽ʱһֱע
鿴ϻ˵ű˱õĻ毺õ֮Ҳסŭˡ
˦֣Ϲٰٿ첽ȥ
Ϲٰ٣ϹټҵˣҲңҪ֪ҿƷʦ
һڳȫ߿
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ɲզأǲ֪λɷ䡣

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Ȼ˳⣬һҪɱ˵Ϲٰ٣һ˼ء
ƷѣҵѿһλƷʦ
˵ţϹٰٽĿ˼ķ
ȻǾãǰƷʦ϶ǳ˼߷˴ԼأŮӡ
һʱ䣬ŷ̶ԼĿȫתأд𾪡
ʮֲڵĻصɹȥʹŮɵһ
˺ףƣǰƷʦҪ˽ãԼԡԼԣǶǶõġ
ϹٰٲһЦĲ񰡣
Ȼ˼ȴŮ˲ǿҵΣУΪһãҪҪùˡ
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ණණˡ
˼ĳŮȥ
ĽвãͲӦÿŮˣһǵ˼ˣҲŲĵġ
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Ϲٰں˵ʲôӭϳ˼ųǸεǴͷ
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ƵĿ⣬޲ýԼǧУ˼ŭ
صƷˣЩŮ˶ģǲɻ꣬޶Դ˺òãЩŮȣΪǸų󲻾õŮӡ
бҪһѵˡ
ʱ˹Ͻĸ̸˼׼ʱɿص֣ŷ̶ȥ
ڳ˼Ůͷ׶Ըľŷ̶
ֻҪһʰǾУһоͽҧ
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̶С㣬ˣҼҹλﵥȸ裬֪λɷ͸
˵ţ˼ͰעתƵϣһ٣˷ܵĿأֶԳ˼õĳ档
λһźҹӵѾ߰ɣû뵽һСѾҲͦˮġ
Ѿߡ˼һ漴ǳһȿ޻ѿ΢Ц
Ѿ߾Ѿ߰ɣνֻҪ˾Ѿ㹻ˡ
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˵˼ĻȻֹЦĿԵ
֪ҲģıʲôΣֱʩչ¾Ҫ¶ˣ벽ΪӪ
ȴ룬˼˵ЩĻһУ漴ŵĿһأĿջһ˫۾㡣
˺ðΣǿջЦ㣬ûĸףҼλ˲øҰɣ
˵ĻûʲôëϾͬĸĵս㶼Ѿ˻飬ٹһҪɻˣںʲô
Ȼȴô룬ˣڱصá
ѾǸԷڰ֮ǰֲû
ãƷʦȴƷһһԣԼ˵һҪɶõĺ£ϣԼݣ˰ƷʦҲ㡣
ǰҶģһҲ
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״æȥȥһ㻥˺
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ۼŷ̶Ҫֻȸ˼һᣬ˵ҼҹӾҸ˺ȲѣλҪԸ⣬Ǿ̶ֻСȥˡ
ԶԶһԵȴһš
һĨаĻȣһúʰһ£˼ĵŮˣµã˼ˡ
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549 ھ

˼ضԣάǵĸ飬غãһ˲䣬һĶ˼ռģҲ֮ǰ׷·
ڴֵԼĺ¶Ҫŷ̶ȥνĺýҲһ˲߽⡣
ŷ̶ȥҵģϲҵġ
һߴУһֳŷ̶˹ȥ
Լ˿գҲ뵱ֻȸֱۼŷ̶סŮ˴һţ˼״æ˵һ߿ϷƵģŮˡ
Ȼֻһŷ̶·ﳶһǣʱ䣬һƬȻ
궯ʼߺ˺
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˼ıóѣعͷ¶һЦݡ
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㣬ǾͻӬһ
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ŮˣҲ֪Ϊˣûа
صУð顢ʵ໥ֵģңҰ㣬һǳ˷⣬޷ġ
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ǵ֪޳ǲǧСһС󣬳˼ͶԲʶ˲һֲС㺣Ͼ죬ˡ
˲࣬ʣµȫĹ㳡ϡ
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ϣʦЭĻ᳤û¶棬һ㣬ó˼ɻ
СյضСǹŹ֣СЩ
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պ˲̸Ļ棬ŷ̶㡢˿˸ţƳ˼ֱؽţ˵Դͺһһ£һ˲˹
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˲֪ǣ˼ע⵽ˣǹһĨЦ
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׻һ˵̨꣬þƽϢĹ
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׼õ¯ȫ˹㳡ϣҩҲ׼ˣ죬ǽеһ
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һƷҩģһƷʦԴơ
ͬģΪʦȼҲศɵģһƷʦҪǻֻһƷҩ
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޳ǣƷʦĴڵͬϵڱôһʦɳҲֻʱ⡣
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Ͻվȴһгüͷһ壬̨һŮӿȥ
ǼŮӵģӲĳһ˿ЦУΪ˹ƽʦЭ¯Ҫ޷ܣھߡ
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550 

˼Σյ˫һյĹ򣬺ȻЦˡˣǵ¯ǡ
ϼ˼ЭҲû˼Ϊѡ
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ңһʦ¯һʿĵʿû˵߻˵վǲģһʦñ¯սֻӰĳɵʣҩ
뵽һ㣬رΪ˼ͷȴ˼ס
ɣ˵رϾǱ˵ĵ̣ǻعһЩȽϺá
˼ģصĻ˲١
Ǻðɣ
˼ȥһƶǰ鷢ƹ󣬼˶һЩŷ̶㡢УĴۡ
ΪʲôһƷʦһѾߣӱŷ켷
תһֲԣҪ˵Դıŷ켷ˣôͲΪʦһƷʦ
ȷӦ˼֣Ҫ£һˣôռҵŮλͻǣΪŮҲҪڽŵµġ
ңʦЭһЩʦʾδˣӦĶӿͻûʲ屳ʦ
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ҪЩ͡ȫףҪȥܹίȫһһһˡ
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ﴽǹһĨӵЦ漴Ťˮߵһ嶯ŷ̶ߡ
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ǿǵһþˣÿʦԼʵٲãҲҪ˲μһء
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˽֪ʦЭĵÿ궼õʦϣ磬Ī˵ǺһĵҩϡУƵҩĵˡ
ЩˣǳһֵֻȻ˼ңЩڼǰӶ춨Լڼеĵλˡ
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ˣ͵ġ
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551 

˵˰ƷʦڳĿгƷġ
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Ҫ˵ǰϹٰٵĶ˴Ѿľսˣôɶ˵Ļ͸˾þס
ɲǼ䣬ȫȻһ֤߳ԼǱȰƷʦҪǿĴڡ
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˻һƵߵ㣬ٳסҲ޷ˡ
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Ŷϵһ£˲ٵ飬˭ҪڵһٶƺóƷʵĵҩǻܴͷģÿ˶ͷҲ˼
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ϣ㲻ҪϹ˵
ˣȥʮȻ뿪ʦЭᡣ
ǣϡ
Ӳĵͷ̧֣ͷʱһ˫۾ԹĿ˼
վǸӵģԸԼҵĵӣҲԸ⽫֮Ͽ̡
˼֪ΪΣرƲϡ
뿪Ҳû˵ǸĻΪ˼׼һֲ
˼ʵزֲСһĨǳЦлֹ
ߣ㻹ǿЩɣ
Ϸȥܿ죬˼Ավһӡ
ӲЦȫֱ̱վţֻΪ
һʱ䣬˼˲˺øУһһߺͶԷ̸
λСôƺ

ţֲҲ϶һΪ
˼ǵ٩ˣʵʵ˵
ȴﷴɵһų˼г˱ġ
-

552 Ʒ鵤

Щһֻ˵Ů˵Ļ١
Ҳ׸֮ˣֲ˽ԼһԱԼˡ
ǰʦʦǶٰǰԶЩֲֲһ¡
Щ񣬳˼̴˼·ȴ룬Լ˹
ץʱҪٺ˵ˣҪûСһᶢ㡣
һﶺó˼ֻЦ
˼ΪһŮӣվסЦ˼ϾղԼѾ˷ͷʱʵڲʺϽ֦
һҪƵĲ鵤ķѵʱ䲢࣬ʱ½½Ѿ˿¯ˡ
˼ʵĸʱǰѾˣûп¯
֮ǰݺ黹ĿҪǰ¯ôʱһ˵ףʱҪϵıķꡣ
ɵҲĿη
ģʧ̭ġ¯ը˵ġɹˣѾ뿪ڵأڽҩϺ󣬱˵㳡Եۿ
£ֻˣ˼ءϹٰٻѩ
˼ЦĿϹٰٺѩˣ˿ŷƵʵ¯ڵĵҩͻˣΪģΪ˵˳
˼ݶļУҪ֪ԸΪ̫վʱ쳣ĵʱѡ
أ˼Ҳ֪ĵҩãΪľһ¯
Ȼը죬˼ĿϹٰٺѩķֻ˵¯õһһը
¯ڲдҩȻȣǲƫеŷ̶㡢һ
ҲͶ¶Ҫվ۵λá
ˡ
ŷ̶˦ͷϵһƬս˵ҩ
ƺԼûеΪıһ
ŷ̶ԽԽ˾ãŷ̶ùŮ˳һͻԼ
һǹġ
ŷ̶ݺݵĵѩϹٰ١
һ㶣Ȼûдӷŵıըѡ
ȴŷ̶Ѿ󲽳߽¶͸¶ɱ
ŷ̶ϵٶ
ʦЭ£򽫱ΪʦЭĺˣҲҩ塣
Ϻһŷ̶ɵۡ
ˡ
ŷ̶ĥݵĵϹٰٺѩҪô˿ţȥ˺ˡ
˵Ҳûƹŷ̶Ī˵һʮҲĽ
ŷ̶˵ʲôʱ졣
֪ΪΣŷ̶Ȼһ˿ϲţ˼¯ҲըӣĿ֮ƶͷ
Ȼãʵȴ̡ܲ
¯ŵ¯ָƽ˲죬ſŽɫĵҩֱȵ¯ڷ˳
ɲǼ䣬㳡ҩ磬ڳÿһˣһһҩ㣬еһҲˬǲ鵤ˡ
ģȻǼƷҩ
ֹ滹еأ쿴

һʱ䣬ȫڣÿ˶ۺĿŴ¯ƮĵҩģҪȻϵǮƣҲҪһƷļƷ鵤ء
˽֪Ʒ鵤ζʲô˻ľ֮ʱһżƷĲ鵤͵»һΣȫҳ˻⣬һζ鵤ҩ
ϹΪϣڳеŮıҲЩˡ
ߵ˸ǰúõһƣƳĵҩ
ǼƷҩȻңһ¯Ҳܳô༫Ʒҩÿһ涼еƣǰƣģѾԽ˼Ʒ
ڳ˼ص¯ǰɨһۺսĿͣ˳˼¯ǰ
Ҫ˵Ƚϣôõľ޵еġ
ⶼġ
ϲĿ˼
˼üĵǣϸ˵ĸоôԹԵģһʱ˵֣ǲʲôһ˲뿿
˼ͷ㣬϶ʱЦȻʤʦһУŮǿ쵹ǳһ˻ҪŮʦ޳֮
ϻ䣬Ѿҵ
ڶ˼ȴʤϲãǽĿŵŷ̶㡢Լǰ
˵֪츳زʱ֪᲻뵽ǸƷʦ
ôܣƾҲ˵ƵļƷ鵤
ŷ̶һһ߶仰˵ŲţѾˡ
-

553 ύ

ⲻġ
ҧ촽Ȼ˼ǧӣǳ˼Ҫص츳ǿһŮα˻أ
벻ͨ˶еˡ
ȴ˫ͣش˼һǰƷʦǳ˼أ֮ǰ˽ԾĹ
Ҫһ죬˳ĳĿʦƱػϴһʰռңҪռˣһоͲˡ
ţﾹǾú󼹱һ
ѹһССѾߣõӵϲԭˡ
ԭСֹ
Ѿ˵ߵϹٰٺѩǡý˵ıԼ˵ÿһ仰ȫС
ϹٰپãڻܸˣİƷʦʵǳ˼
ţ˼Ҳʮ˵
ܿ죬йƽ
ϻعһչ̨ϵһƷ鵤г˱ġ
ЩҩƵģǰߵϵǱµĶ
´˿̣ʦҲûз˼һµ˼ҹнֻҪɹһƷҩһأƷʣ˿ӰҲֵԭ
һʧֱ̭Ϣһеڶ
˵գ֮˱㱻ʦЭĵӰճɹз䣬ɹģÿ˶ᷢһҩֵƣʧܵģҲϳʦЭᣬۿ԰ס
֮˼ʦЭҲǷǳҪڵġ
ʦЭĵӷú˱㳯ų˼صķ
ϼ۾漴˼¹ɷһżƷĲ鵤ţš
ָһֺ졣
˼ЦϺαôžͳɣ˵Ҳ̫ˡ
˵ţ˼ֱóһ״ƿװõĵҩ˶ϵС
˼ãҪϼԱ⣬Ͼ¯˼ҵģֲҲ˼ҵġ
Ͻӹ鵤򿪸һ˶еƮƮȻ
ɽҪƷ鵤һĻɵó˳ǡ
ʱһĽΪСѾ˳˼Ľǰ
֪һ֮ңĵطͣ
¹ܷһŲ鵤
ŶǮ
ʮ컯
컯
˼һɣѾȻ
컯ǸöȻʲôƷֹҪȥһ˵ҲҪʮƽ
ˣһ־ʮ컯е˳Ϊˡ
˿ӣ˼Ǵ˳Ϊ˼ѵͷ˵׼һ壬ûʲôˡ
ȷ
˼ˡ
̧°ͣʮ컯ѣ¹ˬЩ
ã㡣
˼һżƷ鵤װãŴƿһˡ
Ҳˬ죬һҴʮ۴Сİɫӣó˲䣬һصĹ㣬ǵòֱĭ
˼ӹ컯Ѹҩռ䣬컯Ҳƿռ䵤ҩĲ֮һþҪʮţѩ̿ҲʡǮȥ
ڱ˵컯ǿһޱ֮ػ
кܶ壬ÿ˶츳еһܾԭͨһȻļʺСҲǴڵģôʱ򣬾Ҫһ컯ˡ
˼ҪƵĿռ䵤ҩʵͨҲӵнҩռ
ʱŽȥһЩҩռڵӡ
ţ˼ĴǱһĨǳЦ
ʱ˼ľſŵҩȫ˳ȥвֱӸǮֱñĶģ֮˼ƵſŵҩԼ׬һƱġ
ǱҲˣȻҪԲһЩǱڳ˶Ҫá
ҩ꣬ȥ˿̳лɢɢվˡ
Щ˶ύ˼صģȴû˼˵ҷ޶˻Ҫ죬ȱ˵ЩΣ
ˣǵʱȥ¥һ٣˳̸Щ顣
Ҳͣ˹ֱɢȥ
ʵ˼ֻӣȵ뿪ʱ򣬱֤ЩҲҲǡ
ȻԤĲһϳ˳˼ءϹٰ١ѩ⣬ŷ̶Լ
Ů˾ţƤһǡ
ҲԷƣʱ
Ƿޡ
ŷ̶ĿأϣԷܸһĵĽ͡
üͷһ壬̱ŷɱ֮ôѵ㿴𣿡
˵ţؾͽ˼˻ֹǡ
ŷ̶ĻڷҲ֪Դʲô磬Ȼ˵ӣҶӦԣҲС
һڳɵۡ
-

554 ¶

Цˡ
˼һûסЦͲûгˡ
ŷ̶죬ֱ˼޷Ŵ󣬵Щ
ŭų˼˵ճµģҿŷҵĴС㣬ԸСίӣǰ;˵о޴ģȰ㲻ҪֹΪ
˵䣬ŷ̶һֱڿصı飬ĸӲǰ;ӣҲȻӲ֮
ʵϣһֱŷ̶ҪصС檿ʼ
Ҫ㵱С檣Ҫ𣿡
ҪŮˣȥ̻֮أ˼ҵ档
ֻҪŷ̶ȡ֣ؾ;һθ
ңŮˣһֱ˼ҪǿǸŮˣ罫Ūˡ
صľŷ̶һ˲Ӧ˫֮Ѿˮ
ӣҺôҲŷҵĵŮݲȲϲֺιҡ
ŷ̶ҲƲסƾգ˼䣬⸱ģ˼ˣ᲻Ҽ
ߣݲԼģ˵Ĳдϡ˷к˷һ㣬ҾӦɱ㣬֮㵽ڣǿ㻹Ǹ˵ķϡ
˵գڳ˼֮һڣⷢ⡣
ѩһĻ˶ϹٰҲ̲סˡ
ŷ̶˻壬תԼķܡ
ﻹ˵ЩʲôӭرĿ⣬ֻȥ
ߵ˶ˣʣµ˾Ψг˼ءѩԼϹٰˡ
Ϲٰ˵ôģɷҲ
㰡ǳԲ˵ᡣ
ûĵһϹٰ٣֮о洫ʹϹٰٿЦá
˼֮ǰֲ˶𣿡
ˣС¶ѣ׶Ѿˡ
˼ˮˣǽԼһֻ࣬òʧ
ȻȥԷɣ
ѩһͷգ˿ѾӽٹһҪڶˡ
˼˵ͷҲ֪ʦЭܳԵʲôóԵĶǶһ˿ĺ
֪˼һһĳԻ´ĵطҲҪȫԼθԼ졣
˲ŶߣΪ˷ֹϹٰٽӽ˼Խѩ˳˼ߣԼڳ˼ұߡ
ϹٰٶԴǼֲ֣Ҳû̫⡣
һͷ·ˣǱӦȥԷģôһС԰
˼ҸһʣպÿһϤӰ

˿̵ﴩһ·ڸ̺Ļ԰ʩʡ
˺ԼĻͷǳ˼æͷܿȨʲôҲû
˼Ц£ֲ㣬·֪Էĵطôߡ
ֱߣҹһΣԼĪյĹ͵ˡ
ͷָһ
˼˵ллȴ̲ספҼǵǼţһܵӵģ츳ܲģȻΪӣôʩʡ
ҡҲļӣֻһ۵ӡ
˻һŭ
дССʦЭᾹȻ˲񣬾Ȼһ۵ලʦЭӳʼδ顣
عȥүǿһ˵ݡ
Բں׷Ϊ޳ǣǴԭүݿʱලĶķޣ˼ãȴҪһ۵裬žž
ﺦ¼ˣ˫һֱӹڵء
λӣҪȥðӵģǶҵҡ
ﲻͣسؿͷԭ¡
һĻ˼
˵жϥ޻ƽҲ¹֮ˣʱô͸һƵġ
ⲻ¶Ϊˡ
˼֪Ϊλﵱһ۵ӣǰ˷
ָ˺۵ʱ˼ԳԾһ¡
˺ۣ̽ô˵ڲûԭͨˡ
һȣó˼ЩһԭǾˡ
ǣ˼ѩϹٰȥԷҲûͣǶˡ
Զ˼֣߽ɻĿų˼ôˣ
˼ûش⣬Ŀһͨˡ
Цˣ۵ӾǴӵͨˡ
˵һط
ȴ룬˼˵⻰̧ͷһ˫ŵų˼
飬Ҳ¶ˡ
-

555 Ϳϴ赤

˼еĽһԵۣȥ˼䡣
˼Ӧæɿ֡
ѵҲǡ
û˵ᵽǸطȻֹ
Ȼشҵ⡣
˵ͷ
˼Щп˵磬֮ˣԶԭĵ绹ֶӡֶŮ
Ҳǡ
Ƭ̺󣬳˼˵
Ϣһ漴ÿĿ⿴Ŷˡ
һ¶ط֪һ˿ԿҾԶǣ֪һȫͬ
￪ʼͬİ˽ԼĹ¡
ʮǰﻹһĺͯʱΪȥͷ͵˼ҵĺʯ˱ȫ˽ȥʱѾ޳ǡ
֮Ϊһαӵ۸һķ󣬾ͽһÿ첻ñӴӡǡ
Խʹ࣬ǾͻԽġ
һβ׵Ĺ̸ˣһ˫۾ðź⡣
˼ܹ뱨ģޣǲס
ıܼ尾һ֮޵Ѿֵֻҧֻȥȥñ𣬽ЩԵ޹˺ʬΡ
Ȼﻹǵ͹ԼΪһ񣬱һ竴򵽰ûѹҶˣһطӵ
κϲԴʦЭĻ᳤
᳤Ǹط㽫ʦЭᵱһ۵ӡ
᳤˵츳ǷһõҩҲûá
ţΡ
Ϊл᳤ӻùһЩû뵽᳤չأЩʦʦ۸ΪˣֻûЩ竹֣ʱˣܲס
˵ԳһЦΪϲԴǽҴһ˵ĵطһ˵ĵط
Ľʦʦ۸¼˼սȭͷôȥһ᳤
Ҳһ᳤ҾһķҪپŻ᳤᳤ҡ
뵱һʦ𣿡
˼ǿ˼ֱԵ
˵ͷպֺ졣
˼ƭɲһ˺ҲҪٿصģȻ޷ġ
ʲôҡһֱΪûģֻҪ벻ֲͬպûˡ
ﾪͬʱҲдʧ
˼ӡ󲻴תͷԼķص˵ͷ˼ҩռóһɫƿӡ
ƿһϴ赤ǰƷļƷҩһ츳ķϲӵĽ츳
ϴ赤˼˲٣ҪǸ׼ģһǲ߱츳ϴ赤ǳ£ҲżģָǷҲӳǵġ
£ټ˻Ǹδ֪˼óһϴ赤ˡ
㡣
ǡ
ɵĿ˼ȥӡ
ˣҿһƷʦ
Ʒʦǻ᳤ͶҲǰƷʦֻǺưƷҩ
˵ţһ˫۾޲ڰ״ƿϡ
˼Ц˵ҪôûеҪôƣԼ𡣡
ﷴӦĻᣬ˼ֱӽ״ƿС
СĴƿǣĽɫҩʱûɳ
⡭ǰƷϴ赤
̧ͷȥ˼ʱֳ˼ѾԶˡ
ֻó˼ԶԶ˵Ҫ㣬ˣҹζࡣ
л
ٴι£ų˼ķһͷ
˿̷飬˼һ
˼ЦӯӯĿ˵˻ɣ
ţ̣֪жضһΪ
صȻ
˼֪Լ˴ҲˣȻͨĿڷ磬˵ֵð
Էķã˼һ˲ĸпΪ˵صĽȥɫ㣬ѧʳûʲô
ӡһ˵İʣÿһǼеĶ
˼
Զѩվӳų˼صķ֡
˼Ӧ߽
ϹٰٺѩӦǻǮ˿һΧɵİڣ¡
˰䣬ӵĲȲûпó˼ǲ˼
Ǿõˡ
ް˭˲֪¹ĳʩԮְˣǲ֪߶Զ
Ϲٰһ˵
-

556 ĸɽ

˼һӣ
ˣôã˿̾Ǹһͷţпܽˡ
ؼ˼ϹٰٽϽԾм¡
ϹٰƲƲ죬ĵǣٲãҲϹȥзֻ֮ĳ̫УԵˡ
˼ӣɨһϵĲȣɵȻֲķˡ
ǰһٷɲˣʮƽ𡣡
һ˼ͬʱϹٰ١
һٷҪʮƽȷʵݳһ㣬˼ʦЭķã˼ô۾ôۣ֮ܶǳԵֲȣ˵ȷޱȣʵԼԣҲ͸ƽԵĴײһ
ʦɷ磬ǵֲ˳ɲ׬һʡ
ֻҪһ뵽ӲӵĻƽȫʦЭĿڴ˼̲סͷۡ
Ȼȥˣɴ㵤ҩһУȻľһᣬʱ׬Ǯˡ
뵽˼һҲƽ
극˼һӲ˲ǣ漴ѩϹٰٶ˵˺죬ǻ򵥣Ͼﲻһ˵⣬ûɰǳԺȡ
˼ŵӶǸ˭ѧİ
ѩĿһ۳˼漴ĿƳء
ػصɻȥŵѩֻнߵĻʽ
ʵѵķǷûֲⷹȣͬģҲдǮ˵ġ
ǵһˣͷȽ׾ݣʦЭᣬһѷãЩ˳ѵķ
˼һУȻ֪ѵķôóԣҪܲһĴǮǲܵģԣҲֻܱȻȥѵķ
ѩԴ˵νϰҪ˶㣬ǾͲǼĻϰˡ
뿪ú󣬱㳯Ϣĵطȥ
˼סһ䷿ѩϹٰһסһ䣬ڿճһ䣬Ҳˣûס
̸ЪϢĵط˼ٴǮ
ʦЭжСԺĺԺ֣ҪסһһһһƽĸˣÿҪƽЪϢ
ǳ˼ģû취˳оǮ࣬Ҳ˵ǣȫҵҩռš
˼Ҳǽƽ֮ˣ㷿Ҳûʲô
ɾ͵˼һԺŵʱһȺȴһһطۡ
˼üϵҪ
ͻȻһҪϢģ˲ûԾ
ŤͷԼķҲȥһơ
ţ㡣
ס˼ֱȥ֡
ߵſڵʱ򣬳˼ǲͷȥϹٰѩ淢˵˺ĵıʾȥ
˼벻ףֵˣҪǴֵʱ򣬾Ȼȥˣ˾÷˼
˼׼ˣȥȥɣ
ס˼Сֵֽ˼֡
˸ţһûʲôֺôգ˼ߣô˲ͳ˵
ãЩȥȻʲôˡ
˼ûж룬صֿ˶
ʦЭĽһռ鱦һϣÿСԺÿ䶼ҹҲ
ȺֻΧ˼ǿǵϤӰ
ԣȷе˵ĵϤӰһŮ
ιС˵ˣ˱СЬӣ͸Сɾ
ŷ̶ָǰͷŭ
Χˣֶǲ¶ģ׷ߥ㿪ʼ
ҲһӻŮ··ȵ˽ţҪҫ
ߣŮ˵ЬҲû࣬һҳȴ콫Ьɾⲻǿ
λС㣬ºú˵
죬С㲻˵ֱɵˡ
ŷ̶ݺݵĵмȫλߵơ
ûʲôΪ˿̾͸˵ˡ
ôһΪҲûУѲǸϲ񡣡
ջ˷ķϲʡ
ﾪʧһ漴ĿƳһʱɫ˲òҰ
Űֺٰŷ̶ԣҲԼһϷ
ϲѾǸһʼˣҲµ˳
ﴹͷϹϾһ񡰴ʦ֡
ʦֵˣһ˫ۣͬŮӣȴ°ʹһɽӣ˵ĸоһ۲۵竡
ʵ˽£ܶ˶λʦֽĸɽ
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557 

ĸɽ˼˵˳ŮˣΪ˱ֵţԾ°͵λһɽӡ
һԵЩײˣĳһֱ챻ţʲôûĳ϶ѣʴˣĳҲ;ãԴ˺ӣʦЭ˧˵ˡ
ǱģҲƲôĴʦ֣ο˳۸Ϊ֣䵱Ĵʦ֡
ϣⲻ۵Сǿ𣿡
ʦ֣Сǿ
Сǿ˭أ
ĿֻǴʦõļϣЦǰ˺
ģʦãʦŮˣҲñĵ
ֻһͷĵǽôˣһĸҹ棬ײⲻвŮĴʦ֣겻
ǵʱŷ̶ٶ
˭ͻȻ˵
ŷ̶ָŭ⡣
Լζͽˣ˿òͷʱС͵һ飬漴ָ˵λ̶СЬӣʦЭĵƣȻдȣӦù̶СǸ
ŷ̶ɵҲܷﻹ˿Ŀ⣬η廹硣
ŷ̶֮ǰԵĿڶûǣʵǡ
ŶʦЭϵ״ӣǵĴʦ֣ҽ̶Сֱӽҵ֡
ԭǴʦְ¶͸ðˡ
˵ţŷ̶˼۾¶̬֮
˾һվŵ㡢öʮŮˣŸӣ治֪Ŵûӡ
ȴǲ룬һ뵽ӾվţǽǵΪ۵ס
Ҳȥ˵ϼ仰ڼǣƶҪţΪЩʵ̫˵θˡ
һֵĴʦ֣ʮá
ƿԵλʦãߵŷ̶ߣȻһߵ
һΪûУ˿ӭĽ͸ʯͷ϶һ㣬һߣֻ죬ȣǴˣˣͷǴС֮ϵģвֹͷֲ滹Ƥ¶˳
ֻĵӿͷҵȡ
˻ͨһԵڵء
ŷ̶Ҳû뵽Ȼ˶񶾣Ȼֻ۵ӳһܵõطһЬӣ˵һЩĻҲûҪôģ֪ιʣȻһûΪķϲ˵ˡ
㣬㡢ߡ
ŷ̶֪¶ˣ󣬾һ֮
ôͷŹŷ̶ôԸŷ̶űĵطȥ
µһߣҲ;ûʲôÿˣҲȥ
˼ĿɨһȦЩĬȻȥԹߣЦ䱰΢糾ãͷû޳֮ǰǱֻǺһϺõ
һ󣬳˼첽ߵߡ
۵˺ѷΣȴûٴ󺰴Уǽһ˫ȭͷ߬ţԼٷһ˿
˼֪ͷִƤ⣬ʹ࣬ЩսϴսѣҲ˵Լܳܡ
ܵˣ̧ͷ¶һŲҰҺѪɫ
¹
˺ܴ˵֡
˼ҡҡͷȱ˵ˡ
˼óһŵҩҲûзֱͽ
ԵҩԶԶҪǡ
üͷ֪ڴΪǲǼ׵¶ȥ˼
˼˵ͷ漴Ĳһ£˹ȥ
ţ˼ȷ˺󣬾ʹԼķһصҩռ䡣
ţ˼µƷļƷ˵ҩ
ڴ֮ǰ˼ҪĹͷá
æ˰ʱĹͷعԭλڵҩİ²ſʼϡ
ʷͥӼյĵһᣬ˵ǰޡ
˼ͣͥ˳żȵæ꣬ͻˡ
˵ţ˼Ҳޣܡ
һֱǰһǿĸԣǴ˿̣Ҳֻš
ӿˣͳó˼һٷ
˼Σֻøһһ档
ӳĿһ۳˼漴ĿתƵɳϻѪĺϡ
˭
˼ûǽԭίԼӡ
һӸһ𣬶ʱҩռ䣬ʱֵܶ˾Ϳˡ
-

558 ٰڤ

κˣ£˼رֻصʦЭᡣ
ҺͥȥʦЭᣬ򣬳˼ؾҪͷˣϾ˭ȥμӱӵģǿɲ뵱࣬ߣʱҪʲô¶Ҳûжľȥչӡ
ңʦЭһƬš
˿̣˼ҩռ䣬ȴһƻͨķپ
ոһϯ˼ϣֻ۾Ŀ컨壬һ
𣿲Ӧð¹ﶼҵҩ
Сֹš
ʱͥߵ˴ߣһϲ̵ı鿴
ﲻֹԼһ˺һһСӰѾˡ
㡭˭
۸˵ʶˡ
޳ǣǸСӣ˶ҪԶԶĶţΪһСӣпܽɱ
ңΪǰ¶ϲɫСǴʲô˼
£ǵġ
Ҫ˵ǵףҲеĳ¹Ҵҩռ䣬ȴͥ˳Ӹֹˡ
֪ʲôˣʲô˵ȥ
λ׾µ˲٣Ҳû˵ҪͷεĶԴ˰ɣ
ͥһѰ˼ǰͷ˵㱻˾˺˵鷳ʱˡ˺һƬ·͵Ƕ˵Ķ
һ֣ͷҪˡ
ȥʦЭᵱ۵ӣƽû¶ʱ鿴Ĳ١
֪һ㶼ʲôܵؾһȥһҪô棬ҪôôУٳձؽΪһܡ
뵽붼룬æӴСһͨͷ
ͥڣ̣ⷬһСĵõǶǺͯģ϶²ǽʱ͡
˵ţԼնյ°ֳͣһĪӡ
ͥʱԭõ˵ǣֻŵܵһٸˡ
֪һΪһȼҲ֮ӡ
ǣ󵨵Ĳ²һ漴ָ˵λǰҲһꡣ
λǰһ㼸꣬꣬һ
˻һСһûЦޡ
ǵĸݣѾ˲ĥӡǡ
ã˲κѹĴҲеΡ
Ҫ֪Ƕ˲ͯôκһˣ޷ܣΪǵĵӵġ
ţµĲ࣬Ҽǲ֪ɷǶΪʦ
ʦ
ﲻŵĿֻͥһԼˡ
ô㲻Ը⡣
ͥ
һŶ˿ͷԸ⣬ֻǲ֪λǰγƺ
Ҳ֪ǲ׽С˵ںͥѿڵʮ꣬޳ǣֵܼܶ˵˶Ѿ˰ɣ
ͥװĪ⣬ȴ룬ٴοڡڤϣԳ»ҴΪǰƺΪڤǰ
ڤϡ
ϸϸƷζƺüͷյһëë档
ʦЭĲؾ󿴹޳ǰǧ꣬ġʧܵġԼҪǰÿ˵Ҳϡǵò٣Ǵδʲôڤϣѵɢޡ
˰죬һԵͥȴЩˣǱĲ£·ĻԻˣǵǵʦأǵС
УԲС
ͥһŭ˵ףǲΪʦ
ǣҲ˼λʦͽһݡ
ﲻʲôҪǴᣬںġ
Ŀǰ˳¹ϴ赤ֻҪϴ赤Ϳʱڤϵ书ʱգҲ۸ˣ˭Ҫ۸Ҳʮٱֻ
Ѿ˹֮ͥæӻóؼ
һΪƣһΪ书ศɣȻ㲻϶ãѾõˡ
ؼӸСУֻõıء
Ƕ˴书ӽ쿪ʼ㲻뿪䣬һٷǻһºҪһ桢һⶼ۲ֻŻˡ
Żĸ֣ﷴû£ȴЦˡ
İɣλʦҶȻ
ᶨĿͥ漴ֵͷеؼһ˫ȭͷɵý߬ס
ʱͥ㿪ʼΪܷһϵʩʲôϴԡôãͰҪãȽһнֱ꣬˦һ㶵صԼ˯ȥˡ
-

559 

ߺ󣬹ʶʩһ飬ΪģǾϡ档
ЩȻϲδڤ϶λȻڡ
ͱʦЭĶϣǾƷ۷ɽڣһ뿪ЭҪɽٵĴڡ
ﲻ룬һүԼľˣһ֮ǰԵô࣬Ҳֵˡ
Ƚ˱£˱һҪл¹򸾶ˣûǣڻһֻϡ
ЩʲôͥȻ֪УֻҪ˸ǵͽܾͳɡ
װ飬ֻҪ˾ͺãں
ڶһۣ˼硣
زɵõĵס˼˵ǲȾ˷纮
ûУ϶С߶ң֪ζԴ
˼Ǹˣ㻹Ƕ۸ɣ㽫͵棬Ѿĸ֡
زԼ˼˹ֵģ͵ҩռ䣬һҹû˯̤ʵܾͷѹһʯͷ
˼˳ǣˣλܳԴףֻҪǸеģһҲܹǡ
˼ΣҲܿģ˶
ĸ֪ŮߴգҲˡ
ˡ
ʱŸ졣
˼Ӧ˭
˼ңǮǳԷˣ˵㰡ʱҪʼˡ
ѩ˼һۣ׷״ӶԷп 
˼ǸˣѩǸˣƽϣֻǸǧ
ˣϹٰȥ㷹͵
ţǿɾˡ
δȳ˼˵ЩʲôѩĽŲѾԶȥ
˼һƣ֪ˣͲӦ˵ЩǮ̯飬ѹᣬҲǮġ
Լ˼üͷһûɵģس˳촽㰡Ժ󻹳ͷ
ЦˣҲ֪Ҫε㷹ǵĹͬƲ
¹ˣֻҪǸҹһ㣬ԺǾ͸Ǿ
ţôˡ
˼սСȭͷĿ
ǮҲһһ׬ģֲǴġ
ܿ죬˱ϴ׵ȥ˷á
ʱ˼һɫĳȹ欣Ǵһɫۣޡ
ʱѸʶĿ⡣
Щƻص˼뻳С
صһٴ룬ŮĿԹ
˼Ҳ֣ڿһҵƣȻĹһ±ӣʾЩèҪ졣
˴Ϲٰ̲סˡ
ĹˣֱӶˣҲЩġ
Ϲٰ٣ҿ첻Ϸӽѽǡ
˼ӾҪˡ
ѩվڳ˼ߵģҲȥˡ˼ͱˣȥǮˣٲᣬǶ˷˵ĴҪ۵Ҹˡ
ѩĻã˼ƲͷƼһλĴǷĿǡ
˼ͷһЩûվȡ
ֻϰһӵĲ͵㣬ʲôӡȡ˱࣬߻г˼û͡
ǡ
һ仰˼û˵һ˵עѾҪţȵҲһҲµѪ
Ǯ˺˿ʼ̵ĳԷ
ζǸζ޷ǲϻֲ
극һȥǰĹ㳡˿̣㳡Ѿۼˣǧˣһȣûٷˡ
ǰӳϿˣҪһΪȫأ
ϹٰƳһϽ̸ļλ׷˻һЩ˵
Ϲٰ͵͵һ㲻𣿵Ļӿڳ
˼ǵ浣Ϲٰ˵Ͼ¶ǿûپ
ϹٰһҲ֪Լ˵˻㲻ٿ
ɵǣЩ˼ʶĳҲͷķ
˼һ߶ûƤʱǰһס˼˵£ڡ
һֱֲõĸоҪǸɴ߰ɣ
á
ɵشӦҪߣ˼ֲԸˡ
õƬֲ԰õֲ԰ֲȻƵҩռ֡
ʱͷˡ
Ĳ˵͵ֲ԰˵ֲֻҪ̫С
Գ˼˵һ޴ģҪ֣֮Ҳں
ǻǲˣν
ţġ
ʵҲߣ뿴ⱳ󵽵ʲôı
ǻӣôʦЭҲûҪˡ
-

560 

ؾ룬һ鱦ͨ쾵籦һ㣬Ϊ֮бΪߵģţֻóͨ쾵ܸڵ˵ࡣ
Ͳţû໹ܻ
λλų˼εߣ˵Ŀߵ˸̨λá
λҿˣ֪λ׼Ļʳɷ⡣
⣬⣬᳤ǵ͵ǫ鰡
һӦ˵ĹάĻ
˼ףʦЭĻ᳤
˳ͷ˵⣬ϵƤȴʮ˲࣬˽˲ɵզࡣ
ȻгԱյĵҩβͷҲɺɫһǶһ١
ӶҲû᳤¶š
Ҳ˵᳤Ϊڰͷ֮ʲŵôɣֳ˱յĵҩʶò˸ı䡣
һ᳤ϵƽƽˡ
ſ˼ȴó˼Եĸе־塣
һĿ֮󣬻᳤ĵڶʼ
ʼ֮ǰϹأ֮ģȽˣ᳤ſʼڶҪƵĵҩ
ڶҪƶƷҩڿʼ
һȫȻ
̫ˣ˳
Ҳ˳õҩκһ˿ʣĵҩ˭
ûʼأоѾмʮˣҪ˳ˡ
᳤Ҳ֪ǿŤĹϲ𣬻˻֣µĵǽЩ뵽⣬һͬۿ˵ı
ȴ˳ģֻʣ²˲ˡ
ˣ⿴ҲȻ㲻١
˼ʼ磬ĵǣЩԶԾ˳һϽĶûС
ѵ֪ʱӭѶϣһĽ
һһ룬˼ΪһߣȻûʸȥܱ˲ģöһӮˡ
˼ʼˣ㻹ʲô
ģصƮ˶С
˼ͷһôԵλá
Ÿ˻ġ
һЦ⡣
˼ü˵˵˶Ǯ
һӡ
һָ˵
˼˵ͷǸһӣˣǹҪɡ
˵˼仰ר
Ϲٰٺѩӹۿ˱ʼûǽĿ̨ϵĳš
λĻ᳤˲֪һȥ᳤
ôоʦЭĳ϶ֵֹġ
ţҲָоܲԾ
ҪҪ߳¹ǡ
Ϲٰٵ±뵽˳˼İΣɵõ
㰡ǵԼɣ˼з۰أͱŴˡ
ѩ溦Ϲٰٴα̣ҲȰͬĴҪٷ
Ϲٰһûٴѩ
Ҳۿ˵˼²µ͸ҲѾҪˡ
˼˼ζҩģ׽¯
˾ٲۣȴǾ˸̨ϵĳС
λﵱƷ鵤ˡ
᳤һڣæӦǡ
ҲˣԱǸӺǶθڡ
ƳһأһûסЦ
᳤һ۶ϡ˵ʲô˵ɣǶǼʮϻˣ죬һЦ֤ûк¶
᳤֪úõǸӣλķ෴ȴûй߳һȾãӵǹ̵ġ
˻档
᳤ŵĿϣи̲ϣѵʦЭĻ᳤Ҳп۵ʱ
ĬȻͷĿɨһ̨ºͻȻüϷҪʼˡ
᳤Ҳʱų˼ķȥȴλ¯
Ҫʲôѵ֪Ĺǲ⶯¯ģһȻᱻըˡ죬ȥͣ¡
᳤Ǳչؾˣûе翴ˣҪǴ֪ҲһƷļƷ鵤
ʼռų˼ǱʦռڵһУһʼ
᳤˿ó˼ҲټƽϣǽĿء
ǸĿˣַӳŮˣϲ̤ʵһһӡӡ
пܣմΪͽˡ
Ҫǻ᳤ΪͽϢ˼ĶУ˼϶һӡ
Ҫ˼ٹ꣬û׷ˣȫԽԼķ
̣˼һǲģǾ̵ܽĶ̫ͼȲؾеõǱ쵤䡣
дˣ޳ǵһǿߣ˵ðűɱĺȥԭЩͨ˶ȹһҪѹء
˻һȱΪȴ󱯵Ĺ
ֻھԶԭһѾд˵ĴڣһЩ飬Ҳʷ״ʧģ
-

561 

֮˼֪д쵤һλŮӣͬʱһλ츳˳Խ֮ˡ
ٷ֮ʮĵԼҩλŮϧͷȴǲס֡
뵽˼ҲЩϧ
Ӧýһʦġ
ҡҡͷ˦ȥЩ߰˼˼㿪ʼ
ʱһһȥǲ֪ϡ
Χ۵˲ΪԷʲôʱһŮӵ
ҿ
һʱ䣬˷׷ͶȥĿ⣬ȴһλŰɫȹŮӣѾ¯ڵĵҩȡ˳
ˣȻ˶ƷƷƷʣ츳ǷԼҵļ壬Ҳᱻġ
ǰ벻λд˵ȱ¡

˵䣬˼еˣǰŮӿȥȴŮҲڿ
Ȼŷ̶ŮҲһ´츳ϾҪĳЩ˺õĶࡣ
˼ˣ˼ֳϹٰٺѩķȥѾõķȥˡ

˼̾˿˵ҲöûãҪڳ¯ҲƷƷʡ
ҿ
һŮɵڶŮɢȥŮֽ
˼Сһ˭
ͷһġ
ɲڳ˼²ԩ·խʱ򣬿ƵȫƷͷһظܵΣС
һͺɵŮˣȻд˵ʵôС˵дĲһֽɫûûʵѧģɵǸ󡣬Ҳֻ󡡣
ﰡ
˼һɴཫ۾¿ƺ¯
룬˾˵š
Ӵǲǳ˼Ϊǽѵˣأ
ɲ˵ͻһƷ
̵һһߣȻӰ˲ֹǳ˼бʦ
ΪܵӰ죬һСģ¯ˣըĵԡ
ʼٸֻǶԷУվԭੲݡ
˼ӾͲͬˣڻ˵׼ǼƷҩ
ŷ̶ԾɷŻա
ΪͨõصĴ˼Ҵͷβûп
ŷ̶ʮֲˬֽìͷ׼˳˼
ճµģͷԶһ㣬㵲ˡ
˼ڹؼʱ̣仰ǺЩ
ڵ¯һ죬ر֪ټȥҵ˼ܾҪڶƷҩˡ
˼ĲǶƷҩƷҩҲڻ¡
˼侲һ㣬ҪȥЩŮ˵Ļ
ߣˣһ鷳
˼˵
ҲŵͷʱôҰ㡣
޶˴ĳֹʶ
֪ŮŷĽϳ˼
ȵԽԽܵŮӰˣǽҩϣǽ¯ը󣬻᳤Ҳסˡ
ߵ̨Եһ˫۾Ų֪νŮ
λϣҪȻ᳤Ҫˡ
һ仰̲Ĵ磬սŮੲݡ
Ůԣһ¡
õλȨصĻ᳤Ϊ⵵¶ġ
ЩӰˣֻ˵ˮƽû˱Ӱ
ɲ룬᳤ȻǲҵˣʶҲʱһ䡣
ŮҲƵ뿪㳡᳤ɵûͷȥϡ
ߵڼ
λս
ն
᳤ۣȻЦҿδأŮԽѶԸ
벻᳤һͣŮҲ˽⡣
ϣҪýŮС檡
ңңˣҼҷ˻Ϲͷ
æ֡
ʵ˵ﻰŮҪɶ£ȻܣϾòŮˣ˭Ҫѽ
ɷţŮĶģչ¶ˣŮȢؼңֻǲҲ
ڶԴŮ¯֮󣬾һֱš
󲿷ֶҹ½ɹǳ˼һֱһһҹ
ֱڶ죬
죬ʹ̨ϵĳǷ׷쳤˲ӡ
Ϊ˲ʧۿƷƷҩĻᣬܶ˶վһҹ
˵һһҹ˯ûʲô¶
ģƷƷ˵ơ
ϧеģȻҲǼƷֻĵƣǸŮһȣͲһЩ
ɣбҲȥһ
˳£һĲг˼
˼ؽҩպãȻ̨ҩ˻᳤ǰ
᳤ֻɨһװƿĵҩĿͣ˳˼ϡ
λַأֻһ㲻Ϊ㽫ѡõֲһԷŽ¯˶ϴһ飬ˮֺŷŽ¯ġ
Ի᳤ɣ˼Ҳ˵ҪľžžĻᣬĳЩ˲ۡ
-

562 Ӯܴ

ܼ򵥣ǽֲڻǴֲȡҩľٽ̳ɵҩҲ˵ֲϴϴ⣬ΪеϴˣĵҩĶࡣ
ʲôǺ˵˵֪ʦ˭ҿĸȻд˵ȿЦַ
᳤Ҫˡ
һԵĶϼĻ᳤һ˫۾Ҳ˼
˼üýŲȣֻҪɵˣͿˣλͷʲô¶Խ룬˼ԽǾãĳЩ˲ۿ˵ͣϲ£뽫Լǿڱ˵ϡ
ʦ˭㲻֪
ȷʦȻû˵Ҫͽܣ˼õ쵤䣬ĳ̶ֳ˵˵İͽˡ
ΪͽܣȻҪά˵ϣûĵͷʶ
᳤˫۷ֱ˵ʲôվڳ˼أȴʱߵǰ档
᳤ֻǰһΣ֮ȫǰ˴ԼӣŵĹѾȫȫĵסˡ
᳤ء
أѵʦЭĻ᳤᲻أҾλʦ˭ѵҲдҪǹʦ¸أһΪʦЭĳϣҪרһЩַôҲҪΪȫµʦһ
᳤˵ǽһȻ
̨²ԵˣҲһԵվ˻᳤ߡ
Գ˼ʼǣ˼Ϊûе˭ô⾳ֻл᳤Ⱦ˵ġ
᳤֪Ϊˣһ㣬᳤ûġ
λһ飬ʦ˭
㲻䡣
򵥵ɷƵ
ĳ˼Ի᳤һ˿ηҲûУͲţͷɱ

᳤һǰӣǰȥƱҪĳ˼ץ
ǧһ֮ʣóͨ쾵֮УȻͨ쾵ڣһů桢ʪĶ߶ʮһһָ˼½ǵĻ᳤һѪǶڶ
ۡҵĸΡ
һ̫ͻȻڻ᳤˵Щˡ
ʴˣվں󷽵ͳ˻᳤˵໰
ʲô᳤һҪץ˼СһˣһѪģǸϷҶɻ᳤ˡ
Ҳǻ᳤˹ַ֪˼ʦ䣬ʦЭΪԼЧ

˵Ⱥڵ۾ѩģһʼû
˼ҲЩУռ˶ԼϢ
Ѳɻ᳤ǿַҪһ룬Ǳ쵤Ҫغˡ
Լϼ᳤ѪΪ֮ǰΪˣԪ񣬷׷׳Ż᳤ȥ
Ͻ᳤æóһŵҩ׼ι᳤¡
᳤ҧһֵⵤҩûãȥðƷĵҩҵĸˡ
һ仰ڳ뵹һҲЩŲˡ
ȥȥõҩǺʹһ£ϻ᳤İȫ
᳤ô¡
и֣żһùĸ֣ڱλҾ뽫ץҲûôͱһɴˡ
᳤һ˵һߴڴ
ʵڻ᳤лҶԷֻĸ࣬Ҫ࣬Ѿˡ
᳤Ҳǣַ˾꣬ضи˵ʦ޳Ǻܴ󣬻ЩͷӶĵطǺοࡣ
ѹվýĳ˼һС
˼ַûκ⣬෴ʮ㡣
ǵ˻᳤ͳа
ˣֻ֤һ㣬᳤ڶʼҪַȫŪ֣ϧʦ䡣
£Ҫ᳤ʧˡ
ܿ죬ϱȡһŰƷҩ˼һȻǾת𵤡
˵ȷΪƷҩóָνޱȡ
᳤ţֻǰƷƷľת𵤣һƶûУȴ᳤Ƶ̯֮У᲻óԡ
᳤԰ɣ
ϴߴ١
᳤һ۶ϣ¶ɫⵤҩģһֱ᲻óԣˣԺ󡭡
ģΪһš
ţǾϻˡ
᳤Ķϵֱ֣ӽתͽ˿С
Ǽ̵ļ仰ó˼Ϣ޴
ԭⵤҩǶƵģǻ᳤Ϊʲô˵ǰƷʦ
ӶҲһ⣬ƷƷĵҩڻ᳤ǲ˵ֻƷƷҩ
һɱķ϶ӮϣӮܴ
-

563 ֱ

˼Ĺ򣬻᳤ѾӷŲӻָ֮ǰ״̬ˡ
Ҳǳһߵ˼ߣס˼֡
ܵİ֮ˣ亹󣬳˼΢΢Ҳµ˷û᳤֮ˣǱˣķ
ĬĬ˵һ䣬ġ
᳤ҲڳϵĲ£ӵվ
˻䣬һڶӮңλˣȥϢӦĵɣ
˵գ᳤ûٿ˼һۣųǲߡ
᳤ͳԼʦЭĵһߣһΣЩֺó˼ط޶˵ˣղҲֳ˼ĶС
ң˼ĿЩ˵УҲ֪Ѿסǵģ
ҪǴ˿ȥţô϶ò⵽˼ҵ
û취ֻɢ
˶ߺ󣬳ǳ˼أһϷϹٰٺѩ
Ʋģ᳤ǿ˳¹ҪΪУ˵¹ʦ˭Ҷˡ
ϹٰЦ
ֱӵݹȥһۣɵϹٰٲ˵
ѩߵ˼ߣʱοûŵɣ
ûС
˼ȻһЦ
ѩһأֿһ۳˼ƺѾ֪νİи˭ˡ
ϰأҪȼҩ໹࣬һҲ֪Щܣ֪ˣᡣ
صϢԺӣرô˼С˼㶫ԡ
˼ûоܾҲҪˣһ㣬ȥúˡ
ԼĪһʱضһһʮʳ˳˼ǰ
˼һ¶һõЦݡ
㡣
㰡ԶûԾ˵㣬һóأ
˼С
˼ʹȴǺƢûȥء
漴˼룬һߺŴ࣬һʡ˵ĸоô´Ҳһ󡣡
鱦ѾҵãҲᡣ
飬ˣҪˣͺˡ
˼˵˵÷˭ǻ᳤Ƕϡ
شս˼ЦĶӡ
˼ûҧͷǰ죬һ㡣
üһأرſȥȴӰӰǿ
ŮˣĪ̥ɣ
̥Ůˡ
Ϲ˵
һ³˼Դ
˼Цû֦չһĻŮ˵УĴۡ
ŷ̶毺õòһ̶Ť˼ӵģرһ¡
ʲôҷһرܣȻͨѾߣҲûжƷָʹġ
˼е룬бۿŷ̶ֻŮ˳˴ӡ
νЩʦЭķƣڣûӡ
㣬㲻Ѿ߳ǿɶ޳˾ĴС㣬Ǯмãƾʲôӡ
ôλ˵˵ԸҰţǺͬһ¡
˼һء
һҹ
ӣ㾹ȻǹñţԷġ
ŷ̶ʵǴһģõֲû취ֻռҵĽһǮ
£Ѿ˲ͣӵģȴһԲǹ
ŷ̶Ĳѣ˵ЩʲôԷպһһ󾢷磬㽫ռҽƵĵɳȥס
صڵأˤ߻ء
Ѿ˴ϡ
ǷӻԲˡ
ȻҪԣûиֲȣӦЩ˵ġ
ŷ̶뵽ʲôִŵȥš
ӣѾãų¹һðɣҪǾò˲Ե㣬Ǯǰˣӳ˳ԡ
˵꣬طӦ˱ǽŵĨһܿ
ߣҳԣҶȥ
𰡷ҪȥҪϹٰ˼Ҳ˵ˣǮܱ
˼ӯӯһЦЦа
Ȼģ˼Ҫʹˡ
ҲãŮ˳ģ˼Ķͳװˡ
һ˼ͰϹٰٺѩһе˷á
ʱ˼֪ŷ̶ΪֺķǰԼĴԼϧð
ֲãŮҪ赺أǺôֱʡ
ֻϹٰٺѩŶ㼸ˣԵЩˡ
ȻöˣֺιںһǮ
˼ʧˣС֮ϲɵöһɫ
ǿ˳˼˼һӣų˼¡
Ϲٰٺѩֱŷ̶ߣŷ̶µ˿Ϸ죬ΪľǷֹӽء
-

564 ż

ŷ̶ֲ÷ֻöһɫСЦλȻӵѣôͲҪʲôûеģҲԵ㡣
ŷ̶ô˵ȴǺ͸ˣ䷹ģôԵġ
˼ٵˣӱڶĶˣʲôһ㶼Ҫ
ŷ̶ûԸ˼¼˼̬ٳһơ
ӣ˺ܺõġ
ŷ̶Ϊؼһӻ̲֪ʲôˣҪص͡
κθ̫Զŷ̶ЩҪȵԼĵˡ
Ϲٰټ״æеĲյŷ̶ŷ̶һ˶ˡ
һϹٰƻļƻһǻȥ׼
Խˮ͸°Щ¶źһֱۣΪԼСӵע⣬ȴ룬ÿ
ͬʱ˼˼ٳһţҪ˵¶ͳˣҲڵȵڻ޴㡣
ɴˣֻ˵һ㣬ѹϲǡ
ʶһ㽫עеϹٰٵϡ
֪ϹٰϹټҵĵλȺϹټͬʱ޳ǵһ壬ͷ
ϹٰһƷʦãܵõ˵ģɲǵõһһԼһƷʦΪ
Ǳȶõһǿ̫࣬öôһ룬ֻ࿴˱˴һۣ׷״ӶԷУϹٰҵģ㲻Ҫ
˭Ը´½أ
Ǻ˵ӳԷķ֣תۼͳռҽöȶ޵ľ档
ŷ̶ռҽõĲӹµµһתƺ뵽ʲôָռҽõСӣԭӻҵߣǵĿλϹٹӰɣ
Ůһ㶣Ҫ˵ŷ̶ɵɣʱžһԴװ˽֪˼Ůˡ
Ҫ˵ɵʱ򣬶ܱǽöԲ
ɴʹ治ʱ
ŷ̶ݺݵĵһ漴ֽϹٰٵķŲŲ
˱ĽһΪԵʮ
ȫ̳Թϵĳ˼һĻü
һ飬ûмôġ
תͷĿأֿϹٰ٣ȥûԼҷá
ŮˣϲķѾ˽ŵĵزָ׼εԷʲôııڣΪϹٰ˼¡
Ц˼ŮԼͼΪȵģʲôģǶݳۡ
ԭˣҾͷĶˡ
ô㻹ΪĻϲǡ
ÿһ³˼š
˼ʹҲ˼ֻǾǹֿġ
ߣ֮˱пɺ֮
ȴò֮ͬġ
ףŮ˵ĸ̫Сǰ;ԼӦ·ҪһУԭʼһõ㣬Ǿͻͬʬ⡣
һ£һԼ˳ɻ飬ļҪ˼ҵļҪ˵ļҪļҲҪõϵһѺۣҲζŸѡ
кӣô˺ǿǰġ
޳ǵ״ͬʱҲԭĳ̬
ŵ֮ȵȣֻҪЩǣŮļڣڵһ
ؾ룬νĴ޷Ǿ׷ɡ
ţؾ;һھҴܶɫҲһһףһֻޣʱܳһ
˼Һ˾Ʒڵż
ҪͻƾƷ𣿡
˼˵СѩϹٰˡ
ʦЭͻƶɽǷǳʵģ㲻ûὫС
˼һѰ˼ر뿪˷á
Ϲٰٺѩ֪˼飬û׷ϣǼڷóԷ
˼ػصϢСԺ˷䣬ú󣬹еĿ˵㵽ҩռ䣬һеġ
ãҪʲôҪǿţֱӵռ
Ҷ֪ˣȥ
˵գ˼ͽҩռ䡣
˽˿ռ䣬ͥܳͼԼĵԶɽͷȥǵǶվԭؽĵȴʲô
ôȥɽˣ˵ռԼģɽƺҲвޣȥΣա
ģռۼҵģʲôҪĽһˣȥͻˣҪȥ
˼Ȱӷģʵ˭ҪԼҷİΣ
-

565 ʼ

ǲˡ
ˣﻹ¶
˼СԴ漴֣صĿͥû۸Ǹɣ
ûУûСǸ츳ѾһƷڵĴʦˡ
벻Сڳϴ赤󣬻ĳΪš
˼ԾȺ󣬱ʹԼҪ룬ͥһЩС£뿪ҩռ䡣
˿̣ԶһȻγɵɽ֮Уһʯͷ̨֮ϣͷϷһǵܹƬռıա
زΪԳɹȹ׽٣׽ٲںδģģԶӲ
һһ˿ƣһɰӷ
еڶڣôĿصڿת쵽۾壬˵ڶûж
¡¡
һ̵֮˲ʱһƬѹѹơ
˼˿ڷжһ裬ָȴǽűǽһƬ
ɣѾ׼ˡ
ٿȻӣεͷԼƷ۷ʵͷϿ˺ðε׽٣·ҵѰٶĳˣѸټƲĺ¡Ų̫ˡ
ֻԼ׽ٲѰΪռԵʣÿռڶʲô
ʶ׽Ҫǿϼ֡
شδе£ãǿϼֵ׽һȹ˵׼ʵѹƷ۷壬ٿͨ쾵һƷ۷ɽڵʦ
䡭
ʱһը죬漴һɫ׵羶ֱء
ѸתȫֵԵһ׽ٶȵʮɣȫܲѹ
ŵڶءءȵ˵ھصʱرΪǳѣȴķ֣ھ׽ٺ͵һûʲô
׽ȫȹѾΪһƷʦԲʮڵ⣬Լӯ˲١
ڲһ˿վˮ֮϶³
Ǿ뾳֮Ĳؾͬʱո¶Цݡ
ȥֻһССү֪ϻһһǻѪͶ˽СɣҲʧһ¡
ǧһȣһֻ
뵽߬ȭͷŬΪĴڣʱӻԼ˼ӣҲ
ҲΪԼģԸֻһ
İŮ˳ءġһѺӣ̤գһȥĴǧ翴
ȥϵķɵĴҲ˺·
̫̫룬ϲԼİ֮һ֤ͬ
ռû˶˼㽫ռ䣬ֱͦ˱վɽ֮ϵӣ˼һĶҪˡ
û°ɣ
˼
㶣ת㽫˶ڻ
û£ҪܸлĿռ䣬û뵽ɽ٣͸Ƶġ
ƭңԽƵԽҾ顣
˼ͣشصļϣҪƭ˵ʵ
̯̯֡ԼĵķģĿռȷ
˵㣬㡣
˼һ߬סص֡˭㶯ͷĵģޡɲԭ㵱ǹҼңһģǻҪȥһ
˼ȻԼҷģ֪Ŀռ׽ٵСôԲһ¡
޳һС磬ĿռһС硣
ΪԼҵС޳ǿ⣬νˮ¶Խ֪Խá
˼üͷŴ¡
ֽ˼üͷƽ֪ڵʲô£ֻһĿ֪
ţֻǺ̫СԲ죬ǰڻɽٵĺãʱǾһԿš
ɣŶǲԽߣǾԽǾʲôҲ᲻
Ҫڸǣѱǲᡭ
ģ¶Ҹ˵ֻҪ˵ģǻý
Լҷг񣬳˼ֻЭ
ҲӺ͸֮䣬һ޷Աɣ
˼ǸĸףȻ֮̽ЩƣֻҪͥгͺá
˾뿪ռ䣬»صʦЭʱһԳ˵ע⡣
˼ͷͿһԳ˺ҧһͷ÷¹󻹸߰˸ԳеʯͷɵʯЦ
ԴҩռԺ󣬳˼ͺп
񿴵˼ëȻ
ԳｫֱߣȻëѪԳˣȻࡣ
룬ҪҩռһС磬Ϊһ磬񲻳
Ͼĵ̣ʼ棬Ҳ𣬵ʱһһЩ֪ʶҪڵġ
-

566 

һ˶˼ٴζȥʦЭᡣ
ҲӦǣ۸ڵＫǲų磬ۡ
˼룬һԵܹǺõģһһɣǶҲӦӲϾģ˵ҩռԶܣܲܶһӰɣ
Զһģ磬պͷɹˣ޳ǵҩ̸ù˭Ҫ˭ܹӦأ˼ͷ֣һɹƺˡ
㵽˱Ĵǧ磬Ҳᰲġ
ߣĵļָΣ
ţ˼;ͷۡ
˼һ裬Է棬к£˵Ϊοһ¡
˼ҲЩһ˵˳
ãҲ̾һ
ȻҪ޲ɢϯҵ뷨ǣǵΪ˾Ʒ۷壬ͷþƷҩѹȫΪصԭһꡣҲ̤ΪͰǽ޳ǡǰģԷŵҩռǶǵļˣҲؽ黳
ţѾõˡ
˼οĿһأ漴뵽ʲô˴վ
ôˡ
ؼ˼ô嶯Ц
ǣһΪˣҪǴԭǡ
ģСڣ㳣ʶ֪ģ˵浽ǸʱǾͻ޳ǡ
ĳ˼֣ʾҪš
˼һ룬Ҳô¡
СǳŮСʶͱ˶࣬ڣ赣ˡ
һҹߣ磬˼һ硣
κϹٰȴǳٳٲǳ˼ѩŰ嵱ľãŽ˽
ϹٰٽŴ򿪣һ˫èۣʮֵĻ
˼һЦôˣѲ
㲻Ҫ룬װףǺȶ˾ƣҪͨľҲˣؼֲľƣһܵģ˺ҹŽ˯š
Ȼˣѩ˵˼˯
˼һӰΣˣӵгԱΣڵϦҪǡ
ѩҲȰȥЪţҪȥ˷ãǸŮˣָ׼Ҫβ㡣
˵ţѩЦЦ
Ϲٰٰһѩҧ˵Ǿ鷳λˡ
˵գ㽫һء
˼֪ʲôʿɶֹǼ˵߰ɣȥˣҪŶӡ
ţϿֵǳǮˡ
ѩס˼֣˻һ
˼ôʶôѣͲԼԿһ
˷ã˼ѩİãһӵ㣬Ȼʢ˼ȴʲôһζ޳ǵĲӬӶǿ
ֹϹٹôû
ͻȻһŮ˳Է
˼üͷһŤͷ֪ˡ
ѩһת۳˼ֿ˿ʲô޹صأѽȶ˾ƣڻأһ극ȥ
ʲôϹٹӲ
Ůһͬ
˼һ࿨ںЩǺ
Ȼ˵һ㣬ŮΪԼͼ棬϶Ҫˡ
Ȼ
ѩ֣صĵ˵ͷ
УҪȥϹٹˣ
ŷ̶̧Ⱦߡ
Ҫϣȴȥˣ˼ȥȥһ̯λ˸ʽСˣװһµʳ
ʮֲ⣬һƵˣܳô
㶫ʩЧ򭣬Ҳɣ
ǰŷ̶ΪԼһˣûԼϹٹˣȴ룬Ƕб
Ϲٰٺһ裬Ӻһ㣬ʱŸ졣
ô졣
Ϲٰһź󣬿ȴһ
ֻŷ̶Ŀ󻹸ʳеβ͡
Ϲٰüͷһſƺſ籩ꡣ
뿴ľŮˣӣͻȻãѩĶŮˣŮˡ
ʲô
Ϲٹӣ㿴㶼ˣҹ϶һû˯ȰɣպһãΪӽⷦ
ŷ̶
ⷬͶͱֲ̬
ϹٹӣֹҰ
ｫʳеݵϹٰٵУתߡ
˾٣Ϲٰ΢΢һ㶣ѩġ
һٴ룬ŷ̶ǲ⣬ѵˡ
ʱϹٰٳǵԶȥٻӰ˵лл·ЩԵ
-

567 ŷ

ĿǰɵˣҲôһˡ
йݣܹݡ
˼ųжȵĵõϹٹӵĺԺԼֻܵõϹٹӵ˲Ҫˡ
ѵ
֮ʣϹٰѾʳнŹϽݡ
ԶԶһĻĵǣֻҪʲô˿϶¶
죬Һ۲Ϲٹӵı飬µһЩԷ˼ŽһԲС
¶ƺҲ֪ϹٰٵΪˡ
ӲԣҪʲνͺλ¹
뵽¹һ
ǰʲô뵽˼Ϲٰ٣ʦĹ㳡ϣϹٰĿ˼
ѵ˵Ϲٰϲз֮
һԼֱ
ţһơ
յĺýߵ̹Ȼŷ̶ţһҪ֪һЩʲôǲᰲĵġ
վס
ŷ̶̶
ӿ첽ӣŹ㳡ķȥ
κΣΪŷ̶㣬һ򣬱㱻˶סȥ·
ȥأˣһ¶Ը⣬ǾãϹٹӺ˵һллҪ㸺𵽵װɣʲô߼δҲ̫Ц˰ɣ

ҲЦ˵λ㣬뵽Ϊξ벻Ϲٹϲʲôأ
ϲʲô˹㡭
ŷ̶˵һ룬뵽ʲôֱקס˵ǲ֪Щʲô˵
֣ץˡ
üк͸ŷ̶
ռҲٰͽŷˣǸ㲻ΪμĳϻҪŷҿڣŷҵӵܣռҵˣߺġ
˵ûС
ŷ̶ɲ۲۵ģӴϵȡ
ֻԼֹǶ챻ǰСˣ۵ļһ
ŷ̶ʶԼȷʵˣæɿ
ûϣզʲô
ջ֣СĴ˼£ϴ˪ɫϹٹӾϲ˼ָıɽŮ˼˵ܶϹٹ̫飬ҪѧΪ֪ľô࣬Ǻȥᡣ
˵껰ӿ˲㳡ߣϵҪʼˣɲ¶
ŷ̶һѰ˼ĻһҲ㳡ķȥ
֮ȫˣҲ֪޷ѳȣὫ˱ɳ׵ˡ
ͲͬΪŮ˶թʰûʲôͷԵĵŮ
ʱ㳡Ѿۼ˲ˡ
һΣμӱ˺ܶ࣬Ŀⲻһˡ
ȫڶƷҩϣһˣνʦˡ
ви߼ʦҲز¶Ҫͷü
ڻ᳤ˣ첢δһλ峤ϣĳϡ
Щһ˼ֻ峤Ϊ׵ļʮ졣
ⲻҪһ֮£峤ϼҲǰѳ˼˳
˿̣峤Ҳǲܲ˵߽
һΪǲأټĸ
峤˵ţҪ˼¹
˼æ峤ϡ峤ϣ¸أҪɷҲ
ãá
峤˼֮еĺ⣬ûй֮
ĳϣӦ峤һסˡ
ûд˴µҲӰ쵽˼ǡ
ǣų˼΢΢ǷǷ
ô
һ˾ƣһڻ·
Ŷԭȵ뼸λԶٷҡ
˵ţ峤ϾͰʹյصĶ߶һ
һȻǱ峤Ϸ˵һ
˼Ҳܸоץסֵķڲͣ߬
ãزżһ˿ЦǾ͹ˡ
ţλ׼һ£Ҫʼˡ
峤ٶǷǷλ˸̨
һСΧ۵ģڳμģԳ˼뷨
ʲôʱŶ˿ˣһٴ룬͸ڶĺһ
лҪ˵
峤׼ʼʱһģߵ˳м䡣
峤۾ʲôȱ˵
УھҪ˵Ȼֻʧȥƽԡ
һᵽƽʣµʦ׷׽ҸͶ𡰶ԣҪƽԵĹƽ
ǾʦЭôƽˡ
峤Щдŭ⡣
ߣ漴ָ˼ءʦɼһֱҲܳΪڶӮҵԭҪóƴʵŷ
-

568 ̭

峤һΪ뵽Լλ˵Ǿֹʵ˶롣
ģʦгϽмලҪǸŲʦЭᣬμʲô
ҡҡ
Ǻ˸ûֻǺݺݵĵһ۳˼أȥ߻Լ¯ǰǰ׼
峤ϼѾõƣ㳤һߵԭλá
ʽʼҪƵĵҩǳٵ
һ̨˲š
ٵֻЩһʦеĵģ۶Ʒףûٵĵ֪
Ҳû棬ǱԼ̫С޷õĵ֡
峤˵ҪƵĵҩ̨һ꣬һ˸߲ңż˱
˼һЦٵѣ쵤ϼصĳٵʮ֣򵥣ģҲҪ޳ǳĳٵóٱ
ҷ
Ҳ˭֪ٵһƷʦȻҪƷҩϡ

˵ĸп˷ʦԭ
峤ۼٷˣڶΣɵЦٵǶλϵľĪҪǻỻɱĵҩܡҪ֪ƶֵҩҲһʦӦþ߱ʡ˵ٵֻһЩʦŻƣҲҪԷƱҲЩνһƲ˵ĵҩΪβǺ˺ҲڽԶ
峤ϵĻòγѣǰǿһҪĵȥٵĵϾҲԸ⻻ģȥִ̫Эνӣʶš
ʦҲѣҪѧôˡ
ǸƷҩƷʦƺһڼĵЦЦҲۿˣǳԼϢķȥ
⣬ΪҪƳٵҲԶ˱
ŷ̶ҲôˣȻصҲýǣֻܿԽãϹٰͶͱ
˼һֱڹ۲Ůˣò˵ô˻ᣬúóһĳˡ
˵Ϲٰϲ˭
ռҵĽá
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ŷ̶Щغͳ˼ŭ˵ʲôϹٹӻϲռҽãأ
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ŷ̶Щʲô峤ѾӸ̨ǳų˼صķһۣĿŷ̶ϡ
˼Ҷʼˣ㻹ੲݣһŻƣȳٵˣһ֣´Σֱ̭
δŷ̶ⲻƽΪʲôʱ峤ѾԶ
ŷ̶Ҳ˲˼صæҵĿʼΪľȥϹٹӡ
ʱһһȥѾõĳ˼ԼķֶԷû˵
ֻǣĿ⻹ŷ̶ǡŷ̶Ҳڿ
˼˳ǣô˵Ҿϲֿң𲻵ҵӣСӡ
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Ҫŷ̶һСģֱߵ¯ұըʱ볡غ
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ŷ̶һƯһӾΪ˲ʮ֡
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ŷ̶һѪ˺ͷ˼˳𲻱ĲΪˡ
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峤濴һȻ֪˼ŷ̶ʲôڣ˲Ըһ˭֪
Ƭ̣峤ٴ¸̨
ϣʧǳ£λЪϢȥɣ
峤ƣƲѾ̭
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569 ٵ

ûд峤ϣǳų˼¶һõЦݣתԺӵķȥ
ŷ̶ţְ峤ϵϣֻ뿪
غò׻ָƽ˼һ
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峤ϣλ¹ĵҩˡ
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˾ˣʲôСֵġ
峤Ŀһǵӣת֮ʱĳͷҲˡ
վ쳤˲ȥƯڰ֮еĳٵپǰһ
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ģǰƷİ˵ƵҩҪ𣿡
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˼ˣ峤Ƿһ̨´ȡλͣжԶ˶Զ¹ĵҩҪӦˡ
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ⷬһ˵ֻԼ۶ˢˡ
Ϊǻôã֪
峤ϼ˻ԥֻܳų˼ͶȥĿ⡣
˼Ƭ̣漴ܡλ峤˵Ĳ٣ǻ˵ʮ׿ȽϺá
˼һ뿪Ҳ׷˱ܡ
峤ϳһźȵѹѹһˮͰϸĽɫ׵Ǵ
׵粻ƫеĴƯڰ֮Уɢҫ۽ĳٵϣȴٵһԲ̬ΧһȦת
ǵڶ׵磬ĵߵڰ˵ֱھŵ׵£Ʋɢȥ
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ٵ֮أ˱ǣ˲ɵӣپػһأָоԡ
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˼ˣ̰֮ɫеֻ˲ŻеĴϻۺ
˼˼Ƭ̣ҪǮʵ̫ˣоеԲ𷽲ŵ׽ˡ
ʵôۣҪΪԼҷΪ̭ҪѳһȻͶԲĴ徫ˡ
˵˷ƷҩԶ˳ƷûɣȴѾ̭ˣѰ
ǣ¯ڼ˼˼ζֲʵĳٵ쵤صеȳٵ
Һֻеȳٵһ꣬˸߼ٵôҲǲڻ¡
ǰǣûҪƸ߼ٵֲ޳ǶҲЩֲ
ԣ˼Ŀǰֲ޶ȵơ
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˼ЦĹȴһо綾ǣֻҪڳ֮ǰĶƳͿˡ
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һĭƽа˵һôףǳԵҩһСƨҲڶ̶һڶѳһƷ˾ûʲôˡ
Ҳɵæߴߡ㵽򣿡
ˣҼʮĹÿĹ಻ʤһٸһûϣţһٸĹɱ˵ͷӿˣĹҲƳٵزȱٵһмۣҪʮƽһ¹û𣿡
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̧ͷ۰Ͱ͵ȥ˼ǰѾֶһˮйͨ
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š
˵ţͷеĳٵѸٵڼûһΧߵļŵõͺ𲻶ϡ
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570 գ۾

ΪǸߣȻӰ׷ԲԵģһС
ƺҲ䣬æԼ֮⣬ֽطţþеˡ
вΧ۵ŮӺŮʦ׷׼Уߵ˼ȴ
Һ߸һλͽܣͽһæץסԼʦ˵ʦͣҲܵѿӰҪȥڲˡ
仰ƺǾߣɫһ˿ֻòòˣҪǻصʱ
ⱲıǣûʱڽΪڵ˺棬һͷӣ׽ٶҶɣҲʹ˻ķϡ
ˣͬʱӵЩƷ۷ĴʦҲҪʼˡ
һʦҲûҩ
ҪţߵĪһЩɫ
ͽȥ޼С檣ԴˣҾһֱţЩֶ˳ۣҪСӡ
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Ļٴγų˼ķȥ¹֪סδպһ¹߶
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ȻҲƶ˳˼ύʶЦϺꡣ
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绹Щɬģó˼ʮͷ
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ڳ˼˵ʲôʱȺѾʼ˽ˡ
簡ģɲǺʦЭǸμҼǼֲֲ֣˵ųɾŵֲμҶ򵽡
һ˵ˣʦЭֲ඼ûμҶ࣬Щ꣬ʦЭỹ˲ٵӻμңΪľ͵һϡֲȻõЭ֡
ô˵μһλμʦЭᶼҪţ
Ҳô˵ȻҴҵ󣬵μҸ٣ƷʦҲ٣ʶʦЭһ

۸û꣬˼ȴЩȫ˶
ҪǴ˵ˣһᾪг
μҵļζ뱧Ĵȡ
˼һĭֱӽƺĳδ硣
δ磬޳ǵļþҿģҪңֱӵһңϰã˵а취ϵҡ
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˵գЦﳤȥ
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һ˿˿ڣ࣬һҪٵġ
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𵤷˼ΪҪľ
ǲҪǿǾƷļƷҩһ꣬Ƕɹ׽٣˵ĵҩҲ˵ǴЩֲǳѣߣƷʦֲǴײˣ޳Ƕҳ˳¹֮ڶȻɹ˾ƷļƷҩѱڶξ
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ǣҲҪᣬҲҪȢС檣ҲҪӡ
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һ֣ܽ
ңʦЭᴦùϵδҲ֮ߵġ
᳤ϣҰѵҩǣôԼᣬǮԼĶҵ߳ɣǵɡ
˵ţ˼Ŷգգ۾
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571 ô

ܶԷû˼ٵ㳯Ŷϵķһף˾һ̵ķˡ
ԵˣȻٹܳ˼ǽעŵ˻᳤Ͷϵϡ
᳤ҩڶϵϣæʾ⣬Ҫ
漴תͷʶϡգ۾ʲô˼
ҵϻưĪǵ᳤ԴͿˡ
˵ţϾͽյ˻᳤Ķߵ
ϵĻ᳤ûЦţ¹Ҳǲ֮ͨˣȻĺʦЭύãǾá
һԵ峤᲻֪˼˼ǣæյ᳤Ͷߡ᳤ϣҲһţ׻˵³˫һ࣬һ١
ߣϼ޻峤ϰ
᳤һЦŶϺ峤ʹɫһ˲䣬ƿиһŵҩС
ҩҲҪһ˳һţϾӳܷϻͯ˭˭ܰѳֵס
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һ˷һţϳ˼һţƿҲʣš
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λ˵᳤ǲʲôæڡţ¹ŵҩԼԼӶˣϻʣţóֵǮƣЩҩ
Ǻúõһѡһᡣ
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᳤ҲһҺסЩˣȻһǰһ޶ϵ
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᳤Ҳ˲سŵֱӷװһŵҩԷ
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ȻڳŮȴûٷգϾҲǶ֪֪׵ģǻл룬̫ؿЩ
ܲлˡ
˵գһ뿪ʦЭᡣ
˵ǿö϶
תͷ᳤Эʲôʱ
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쵽ˡ
峤Ͻһ仰
᳤Ͷȥ峤ϣ峤üƾճֵģԶҵ鱦ǧ硣
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᳤æ峤ϣʾ²Ҫᣬæ굤ҩ¶Ҫ취ЭЩ̯ӣֻҪ뵽Щ̯ӣھͷۡ
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ϣ᳤ҶۣȥéǶš
˵գҲ˷ӦĻᣬȾܡ
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᳤ȻЦҾǿЦϻƱô档
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572 

ҩݱĽ˿̵ĳ˼ѾصСԺһֱĳ˼Σأ˻ˣһ
˼㷽ŵ̿ν֮Ϊ˶ۺأ
ۺʲôҵľģҶǡ
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ĵǣҲ֪ĸ۵ģʱǡ
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ȥ
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سʹߡȻʰ㡣
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ʱűõҲԽԽ졣
ӿ첽ӽŴ򿪺ȴһλʦЭеӣеʮòĳԼվĳ˼ǷǷ˵峤ԼԺӣ˾ϯλͼֱ档
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¹Ҳ;ĩ·ֻţһʦУҳһλͶˣȻһƱŲ⴫ɱɱޡһҲǶ޳ǵһ󹦵£˵ǲǡ
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573 Ƥ

ô峤Ͽμӱ޹֮ˣǵ¶ֻԼ
˼峤ϡ
峤ƺԼһ˵ǡ¹ǵȷˣΪʦȫȨ̵ҩӶʵҲʶЩҲŵ˵ͣ¹ﲻҪǣ⣬Ҳᾡ޹֮˵İȫʦЭỹһ鱦ΪԷκԼ޵ĹֻһΣһ֮󣬾ͳ׻ˡ
аȫϣ˼ɫź˲١
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ΪɱΣգв˶
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˼һ˵ʲôվԼҷ˵˻ȥ
һҹߣ˸˼һ㲻䣬νΣսС
磬⣬ϴ󣬸Լһ裬˹˺º󣬽豭һ˵˼ʵڲУҾͨ쾵ɱޡ
ɣƲģôˣֻὫȫҶΣ֮УģʵڲУİ취ˣһҩռ䡣
˼סصʾҪ¶
غվΪԼӷֵһ˿һ˿¶ϣһ˿ΨĬĬ֧֡
ͬʱ˼Ҳһ⣬Ҫǰ޹ؽҩռ䣬֪޻᲻ᷢתͷǺ
תһ룬ҩռѾСĳΣҪ޹ؽȥôһз򻹲˵㣬û׼޽ȥʵᱻѹƣ۶˭в
ţ˼Ҳ
ˡ
ʱŸ졣
˼͸Ӱӣһ۾ͷֱ֮ˡ

ѩõֱŶ룬˵۾϶кȦɵЦǻǺþ춼»򸾡
˼ɫ˲Ǻ죬϶ȥһ㽶㰡ȡЦҡ
ѩ㽶ֱӰƤԼ
˼֪Ǯ͵ģڳ֮ǰǽ¶ıȽϺá
ڳ˼Ҫ˵ʱϹٰҲ˽
۾ϵĺȦĶҪء
ôˡ
ѩЦĴȤ
ˣŮ˻ûûˡ
㽫ȫȢˣʡ鷳
˼Ųһ
Ϲٰٵɫ˲Ҳˣ¹ﲻҪ˵һġ
ˣҲ˵ˡ
˼ֻԼһ˿УԴϹٰʮΡ
üȥصһԸ⡣
Ҳһ㽶ϹٰٶȥԵ㣬ﲹ
˻һϹٰٶѩǺסˣ㽶ĩȫµϹٰٵϡ
ϹٰٳŭˣָأȥָѩҸƴˡ
ۿϵ㽶Ҫ˵ȥ˼ֻһͷ
˵걾ǸӰɣ˵еƤʡ
ס֡
˼һ˵һɵͣ
Ϲٰ٣һֵҩ԰Ůˣֻôˣ㼫пܻΣ֮С
˼ʵϹٰٵģǴ˻һ˵ͺˡ
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574 ʮ

ʲôҩ
ϹٰһϣĿ˼
˼һ˵:ⵤ
ⵤôûֵҩ¹㲻ڶɣ
Һ˵¶ôܶ档
˼ֵҩǵã쵤濴ģҲⱾˣǰмˣŲˬ˼գⵤ
ⵤ˼壬һֱ˳ˣĵ
ô˵
Ϲٰ£һ˫۾һĶų˼
˼Щڣһ˵ⵤִۣ׵˳ԵģڵŮ˳Եģ˭ֻҪ˺Ůͬʱˣô˾ͻԶһ𡣡
Զһ𣬳¹ĪҺԶһɣɲɣһ㶼ϲǡ
Ϲֱٰҡͷ¶˾ɫ
֪ճ¹ӣŮ˺ùһ㵹Ǻ⣬ֻԼƷδҲ̫һЩ
ˣҵ˼ǣҸͷӻΪôˣǳⵤôϳһԧ졣
˼˻һѩһЦ
˼ⵤǴЩ˪ҩʲôĻҪ
ϹٰԥƬ̣ЦͷӾˣŮˣҿرʺҵ֣͸ǳºˡ
֣Ϲٷ𣿡
˼֣Сһ
Ϲٰ¿˿ȷû˺˵ǣҿһʦЭĵӣ֣Žӽȷ˾ֻˣĿǰΪֹһ֪ʦЭᵽʲô
ţֻҪϹٰٳⵤأ
˼ӣһ˼ı顣
ϹٰپɵҲ֪עģӦƺ
ңֻŮˡ
ϹٰЩεĿ˼ȻϹٷⵤɱϾֻһ¶ҪֹЭɡ
˼ܾһ뵽峤˵ǵ¶˼ĸоԽǿˡ
ͷ˵Ů˾ͽǺˡ
ǣǿЩжɣ
Ϲٰٴ˴֣һƴģ
˼ûҪϹٰ˵¶Ƚ峤ϵ̸Ϲٰٽһ顣
Ϲٰٻϲɫϣֳơ
ðΣſڡ
굱겻Ժһٳŵڼȴ氲ȫ
Էûйѩ˼֮˲䱬ϾһټҪʦЭǣϹٰپǸ·ߣθȴûô
ȻԸǳ¶ʲôģÿ˵Զ֣±˲Թ㣬ҲΣʱһãͻΪħ䲻
Ϲٰٲ˼ձòһˣϵĲյһڡֲǣԼҪٸһλᣬһǻѡһ˭̣Ȼζأҵúܶࡣ
˼֪ϹٰǸȵˣԽԽΡ
Ϲٰÿ˵ҪԼ˼Ϊһڼ롣
ˣ㲻ҪֳⵤֻҪⵤͺãʲôҪʱǱİȫˡ
ôŵһζأ
Ϲٰٳչ¶һӵЦ
رϹٰһһ˫ֽ߬
ۿҪŲɿصķչ˼æסص˵˵һ䣬ȳ緹еĳ
ţȳԷǶȥ˼ͣϹٰǵ¶
УֳҾͲȥˣʱѩͰæ
Ұæ¶Уҿ鷳һˡ
ѩֻҪһ뵽ĳһ죬ŷҺռţ;ͷ
˼ⵤϹٰٺѩ
ؼæڣѩκӱܵĻᡣ
˼ҲѩЦһ˰ɣͼǾˡ
УһҲ̲ˡ
ϹٰټᶨĿ˼
˼ʼ磬ֻýĿⵤ˳
ѩţָϹٰһţѩҪ鷳һЩ˼ͷȥءҪҲȥˣһѩ
ǺðɣæˣҾȥ㡣
˼ͷشЭ顣
극˼һȥʦЭĹ㳡
ΪϹٰټ˽̸˷һЩʱ䣬ȥóԷ˻³˼һġ
ȻҲһЩ˱ȽɢϲһЩȤĳ棬ͱɵ˲䡣
Ҳв˲ȵ㣬רŲȵʱ
˼ɨһȦܣûзŷ̶ˣĵǣ˿Ѿŵ·ˡ
ֽ߻գڳϿһȦ˼ŷ֣Լʦֻʮ
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575 嵤

죬̨֮ϼг϶ˣ᳤Ҳڡ
˼ЦЩ˵˺ô½ıҪڳɣ
Ҳã˳Ҳܴ׬һʡ
ţ˼ЦˣʵǳٵƵĿɲֹſţǶʮ߿ţֻʮ˿Ųûо׽ٵĴȴͽҩռ䣬ˣһŵҩҲӳһ
ЩҩҪţԶԭļ˳ԡ
ԣҲ
᳤Ͷϼ˼ˣæӸ̨£ߡ
¹߳ɣպá
᳤˫ֽһǬϡ
˼ӹһ򦶼Щ
治ƽѳɽֲҲǶൽëȻ
ʦЭˣĽƷЩһȣԲ硣
᳤һЦѽ¹ܳôһλţҲ޳˵ٹⰡ
᳤ˡ
᳤ͶϿһ˲ͷ˼ݲݽⳡĿ졣
һ䣬Ϻͻ᳤û𣿡
᳤ɫһţ漴бۿЩĳϣ㿴ЩһϣҪڳˣǻðҷ鶼ˣҾѰͷչأȻٳԡ
᳤ʮּ˵
Ͽһۻ᳤Цⲻϡ
˼ҭͷӶú·ˡ
᳤ĳȲȰ㲻ΪһʦͶǲܲ˰ɣһϵرģѵǰһ𣿡
ܿ죬᳤ַ
˼˿ȣʾ᳤ͶĪҪ˵
᳤վֱӣһӣƷǷϸ̨
ĳʽʼҪƷҩ
ţ᳤ǰĳһֱ涨ļֵҩϵʦţ绻ȷ
ʱһ޵Ůϴ˻᳤ĽҪ˵Ļ
᳤תͷЦеĿŮϡųô涼С
᳤˷٬ʹòٳ϶ߺ
᳤;ųϵʦЭҲʲô¶
˵ųǰֻһӣȹϵΪһϡ
⵱ϳϺ󣬾һֱΪԼļıڽ̵˵һ㣬ԼǺ
֮Եųϣ޷ǵĳȨߵĻġ
Ҫ˵ĸϣųĪ
ҲŮϲгţٺ٣Ļٶųйϵ
˼һۣͿųϾǵС
һˣȫ˾ʦЭϣ²ֹǳǸ֮ֶθ˵á
ţǾ嵤ɣ
ųƮƮһ仰ȫ̷Ůǡ
嵤ã嵤ֻҪҳ嵤ǾҲƲˡ
ԶԶԣ嵤

۲ۿҪƿأϺ

ܿ죬̨±ûۡ
Ͽһۻ᳤;ųϣֻãҪ׬һˡ
᳤һתʹһԼţˣг¹λƷҩʦڣʲô춯صĵҩȻִĵҩΪ
ͱ嵤һƽŮ˳ˣܷ·תŶǸŮҲⵤҩİ£ΪһǵĴˡ
뵽᳤ֱĿһ۾ųϡ
ųʶȥĵǣŲΪԼǼеǸãʲôΨıã͵õ˼ãҪλü޸һĵӡ
ǲģǵϵģΪô࣬ϲ˶ϸ
һʼҲգֱ֪ǵӾϲĺõŮˣƯŮˡ
վǷһЩ򣬼ԴҲʮΡ
ڻ»ûжʲô
ɹӶ飬취ʦЭᣬȺͷӷֵ
Ǹίڴһӡ
ߣϵʱ䣬ʦЭĵѾ͵˸߰˰ˡ
ڷһǻĸ辶һƶıء
ҪĺòټӼ֣ͿŮȦưˣʱһĵӻʲôţȫҪݵʯȹ¡
عľųϣǰһ
λʦţƷҩ嵤Ҫҩ򵥣͵ģȻƷҩһѶȡ
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£վڸ¯ǰʦǽͷӶ
Ϊĳжأԭ嵤ֵҩ
ǣ˵ˣҪȿʼˡ
ۼܶ˶嵤ָƣ˼ҲʼżæŵҪٴγͷУȻͼпܴʧһηƵĻᡣ
˼ͷһߵֲЩԶԶҪһٿ嵤ԣʦЭҪֲ
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576 ڲˮ

˼Ż᳤ͶϵķȥһۣǶϴӸ̨
ߵ˼ߣǲĴߴ٣ʵϣ˵̸ȴһ
¹ﻹҪЩʲôܿڣǧҪǿ
⼸ֲٸʮݡ
ֻҪʮݣȷ
ϺǾȡ
ôܶ𣿡
˼̽Եʵ
ϰ˰˵࣬һѰ˼̫٣Ҫٶһٷݡ
˲ˣҪô࣬ҶҪˣֻһٿ嵤ҲƲˣʾֲ˵Ѿ㹻ˡ
˼ĻСñЩѾʼˡ
ҶһµΪ˼϶Ƿˡ
һߵĹڣҲÿӵĿ⿴ų˼
һһٿƷҩǴţĻôϷͷţ˭ɵġ
Ҳе㲻ų˼˼ֻҪֲõʦЭҪҪ㲻ˣҲûˡ
漴ϾʹʦЭŵӣȥֿõֲ
ܿ죬˼ҪʮֲѾȵİǰ
Ŷϵͷʾ⣬ЦЦ͡
ѵãϻ
˼һһͷС
ͬʱѩǣס㡢ﻹŷ̶ˣѩ˵ϹٰٶЩãʲô
ѩ֪Ϲٰٵİã˼ϲԳϲٽš
Գٽš
ŷ̶ŵŴͣδҲ̫ɶˣ˲òడ
ŷ̶תͷȥϵûԵӶ֮ɫѵ˵ǸͲ⡣
ŷ̶һĭȰοԼһЩСëȽϹٰٳ˻飬ͿĵЩë
Ϲٹƽﻹϲʲô顣
ʵ
ѽû¶ͰȥѰǷģŮ˻ؼҡ
ѩһ˵һ߹۲ǰ˵ɫ
ôһ˲ѩվЦһΪǰ˵ɫڿȶ԰иɫأ
˵ϹٹӶİЩŮˣ˼Ҽá
˰βſڡ
ֵʱ⿴һŷ̶㣬ټ̫
ֹ֪ϹٹӿͨѾ߻пļҵĹ
νһѪ
ѩüͷҪλشأ
Ƴ˺ȹĲյֻҪһĵǿڸǾͻὫⵤĲˮȫȵʱϹٷܷЧˡ
мͨѾߣˣֻЩѾĶܴ󣬶ޣϹټΪӣЩ˳˴̥ҩȻͽЩѾˡϹټұϾ壬ܲѾ߳ΪӰɣһԺӵδҲӰġ
ѩĽ͡
ԽԽ˳ģֻҪϹٰһֱ޽ȥͿ԰ˡ
˽ʱǽյеĲˮˡ
ѩˣҲûҪ˼죬һɣͰ˻ȥ
һߵغϹٰҲݳʦЭĵӣ׼ϹٷݳɵʦЭĵӣ˷ͻ
˵Ҳ򵥣·Ϲٷײ
֪ɫ۵ˣʦЭĹأʦ֣ϹٷΪǳɫһǲŵʦܡ
ʦ۸ʦܣ۸ˣҲ顣
Ϲٷ뵽۸¶Ҳᷢ
ǼŵȡûλʦԾڿڴ͡
λʦ֣ʦ·ۣʴ˾λʦ֣ЩǮλʦȥѹѹ
غϹٰҲǲԽӹһʮֲԵķŵǰҧһ£ƺȷ١
洿ĽСˣߡ
Ϲٰߡ
Ϲٷһû߼ֱ˽סˡ
ȵȣһŵĵӣΪҪʦЭĽء

Ϲٷ翴һ۲Զĸлޱȣǰǰһأߵķ
Ҿܿȥ
Ϲٷ米أͣزöͷϵ亹
û취²òͷҪǸ棬ƾƷΪ˶ġ
ʦҲĵģȥһ
ߵϹٷǰϹٷõķߡ
ϹٰЦֻҪһ뵽Լ鷳ܿҪϹٷģ˯˶ҪЦѰ
أǸϷǵã˺ЩзǷ֮룬Щһ㣬н֮ɱɣοֻڲԷԵҩѡ
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577 ഺ

ãغϹٰپһͨȣԼĹֲľơ
Ϲٷ籾ǿܵģЩʦЭķƣȵƽⷦҲǿԵġ
Ҳû룬ֵƣȻ󿪻
ȵ˶⣬سϹٷв˵Ĺһӣ˳ֽһŵҩӵ档
ʣһƵؽƵϹٷ硣
ΪƺغϹٰҲ׷׶Լľ룬ֵͬܣ
顣
Ϲٷûж룬룬˼¾Ͱеľƺһ⡣
ֱϹٷſϣϹٰٺųһ
Ҫ֪һƷΪĸҩɲһ򵥵顣
Ϊ˲¶ţغϹٰҲſ˯
ԼĪĸʱϹٷһ㿴ȾƵĶ˻˯϶ʱֳӶ֮ɫ
ߣͼˣҲ뱾ٺȾơ
˵仰Ϲٷ߳˷á
˸ߣϵĶ˻̧ͷ
Ҳô
غЦĿϹٷȥķֻǣæѾˣ۶˭һˡ
Ҳ֪ǲɺϵԵʣҪضȥŷ̶ѾƵϹٷ粻ڶ
˽һ棬ͬʱͣס˲
ŷ̶Ϲٷ磬Īһģ˳üΪʣӵѲϹٹӵĳ׳˶֪ΪΣһֱиڴߴǰʶ
ŷ̶ģҲġ
ϹٷҲŮˣԺЩµ飬ģжôʳǸϲĳ˼Ҳûֱӵ뷨ǶŮˣȴеʧ̬
λӣõʲôϣ㰡
ͻȻŷ̶ӣһϹٷ翿
ŶһЩͨϣ޷Ǽӻ
˵ţϹٷе㲻ܿƵģҵݵŷ̶ϡ
ŷ̶ӹңᣬ漴һ˫۾Ҳ޷Ϲٷƿˡ
ֻô˿ĸƽǰҲֻһˡ
ԶһϷϹٰٺأЦˡ
ϹٷܿҪ˳Ϊķˡ
Ц
Ϲٰȴһ˿ڣ֪ˣӦҼ޳ĹŮ˺ϹٷԶһ
Σˣֻһһ
ߵ¶һãءѩϹٰ˱Լȥֳ
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űһһ񣬳˼Ҳǽ
һɹʦ˾׼İѿض֮⣬Ҫ
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ĽҪڣҪǱ͵ϮǻпܻɥȪ
һרעĳ˼룬ʦЭ¶꣬ͺͷһȥѰ
쵤ϼعǰ޳𣬵𶼱á
Ϊ˲ϲɫԾͰѺɫˡ
ɫ𣬾޳ÿʦĿд˵ڵĺҵ
źҵǰ˷ֹʹ޳ǵɭУǸƷ۷ɽΪĴʦҿ֮ء
˼ãǰأҲҪȥ
ͱʦЭᣬĹУ֪ͻƳ˾ƷʦȻΪڰƷ۷壬ģɭһУȡµͻơ
䣬ܵ¯˶һ漴ȵ
¹ĵˣҿ쿴
£Ҳע̨ϵĳЩѾƺõ嵤ˣǸǳ˼Ƶ嵤
ó˼ǣһöɫĵҩɳ¯ɲǣ֮־ۼ˴Ƭơ
εƣ˵ĸоͬѹǣѹ˶Щ͸ˡ
ոȥ¹ɣƵĵҩҪɽ٣ƷҩѲӦð
ѵ˵嵤ҩҲоƷ

Ⱥв֪˭˵һ䣬仰˶Ѹը
̨ϵĻ᳤ͶϺȻǾãǿҪˣԣʦЭἯ巢
Ѿ˱صˣÿһĻȫСǣ˼Ŀȡ
׽һҩƻΪƷļƷ嵤ֻҪŮ˳ˣܱò䣬ƣˣʬҲḯá
ص
ڳŮƻ۾ˢˢĳͶȥظֻܵһ
֪ԼһϣԶԼӣȻ˵ĻҲûԼŷ
Σֻó᳤ͶͶȥȵĿ⡣
᳤ͶԼ̨ϵгһͬ¸᳤̨ǰ棬һֱ鴤˵ʵ
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578 

̨ºȻһƬ𾪻𾪡
Ȼ˿˶û˵ǽעȫͶյĽ֮ϣԼվڽ֮µŮӡ
˼Σա
˼صĺģǣڸոԼ˾ƷڵżҲԼƵĵҩӦٶ
˼һ㷴ӦҲûУرҪų˼ķߡ
ѩϹٰٵΪҪǿһЩ˿˶ߣء
Ϲٰ¶Ц˵ģ¹Ҫͻˡ
ͻơ
һˣȻ˼ϧӣôԼΣ֮С
ҪǽҪ飬Ȼרעڴˡ
ȻǾΪ˼
̾һӡ
ýĻ᳤Ͷ᲻֪˼ҪͻˣҺһ˼ǾԲܳ£ɹϵʦЭĴˡ
ˣΧ棬㸶ҲҪ¹ﲻܵһ˺
᳤һ̨µ˲ǡ
ϸȥͻƾƷΪͻƾƷôСģҶԼǰ׻˼ʮꡣ
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˴ǿϷģҲвΪ嵤Զڻ᳤İҲĬĬӡ
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Ŀ֮£ôƾʧˣٳʱǾƷΪô˵Լû鱦Ҳš
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һ⣬嵤ھ׵ĴƷֵõߡ
ǾƷļƷҩҪһŻؼ͸ϱ
ҲҪҪƯҪɻ顣
ƾ˽ţ˼۾ţ׼ʲô
Ƭ̣֮۳һƲ㡣
˼֪׽ˡ
䡭
һ׽ͻȻ˼Ҳ˰ġ
Եһ׽ģڳ˼ϲʹ
ŵڶȵڰ˵ʱ򣬳˼ĶͷѾˮ͸
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ؼ״ҪȥæȴǱϹٰٽקס뺦ΪͣͲǰ𣿶ɽһ˵飬ں
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Ķ㣬Ϊߵģ赲׵硣
վǱ˵׽٣޹֮ϣ͸һ㡣
ĩˣ׵ȥվԭأһ˫۾ֻ뽫˼ڵķɳһ
ˣ˶սˡ
Ҳ֪ĸ฾ǳӦһ䡣
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ѩֱӿ˳Ϲٰٵ󣬳ǵѾڵӰȥ
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ؼҪˣϹٰٵĻҪûһ˿ɣ˼Ҳ
˼û˻شȴܾĿڵλѹһʯͷֻнǿڳ
ϧ֪ķôҾӦֹôࡣ
᳤ҲǺ۾
ϱһᣬݺò˵λ¹Ǹɶõţ˵ʦЭжİǶ޳ǵգҲżá
Ϲٰվص󣬺ֽǾѾڵʬڻǿѾЩһ˫۾ҲѪ
ѩס첻ٿޣֻŴŴչ䡣
Զ޷ǣһʶ˼졣
죬еŮݺӱ˲˵Ҳӣʱ־֤ԼûиñӣҲǺͷģЩ
ż˼˼һСֶΣһ鷳
Ȼ󣬳˼ڼȹ˵λļýӴ˳˳ˮ
ƿ˼͸԰ƷļƷҩ鷳˼Ͱ鷳
ʱһҲò˼ó˼ҪôãȻһӶˡ
˼ֻǿ֨ûûεŮˣѸǽãҾǿ㱻Щ۸Ҿã˭ôأ
-

579 ̫

ǰ棬˼飬ϱӾһԽá
һ˲ˣԼΪʲôͶ̥ʱ򣬲ų˼һǲǽãǹѪϵĽá
ʱգǾãͳ˼ĸѾԽ飬˼ɱ
ΪԵģΪ˼ľʡ
£Ű˼ǵ˱һ佹ڵʬѩϧѹסԼĿô˽㷢Լĸ飬Ϊǰûܱظ˼
ʲôסҵıҸоҪˡ
֮ʣһ΢
ѩϹٰ𾪣漴˵ҵ·أ
ȻǾͿһֻڵ֣ڵץץȥץص°ڡ
ҲֻԼ˻þԶþУϤĸо޷ţ˼ˡ
ͻȻɴ˫ֻۣе˶һ£ϲ֮ʣͷڳ˼˵ؿռ䡣
˼֣һʹһҩռ䡣
˿̣Χ۵˶Ϲٰٺѩסߣǿغͳ˼ˣҲΪǻԼԺӣҲû롣
ܿ죬ȺɢȥλϺͻ᳤ȴûߡ
᳤֪ضʲô鱦Σ鱦飬һƷʦ
λǳ¹ӵѰɣҼĲѣڰ
᳤ʱ˵һ仰ȴ⵽ԹĿ⡣
᳤һӣһĭҡҺûеλɣ
᳤˿ǲò˰˭ΪͣӦ֮һҲ򲻹
ѻ죬¹ѹûˣЩҩ쿪ʼ᳤Ҫ̲ǡ
Ϲٰ䶢ţѾʦЭպõĵҩ˵
úúãһ
᳤ӦĿ죬Ҳû룬ɵߺ󣬻᳤ǷӦˡ
˵¹û
ȻȴֻԶȥӰ
ʱĻ᳤ļ˵ȷûҪˣǸӻýЩ϶ж˿飬ҼаŵĽ˵ϻ㡭
˵ЩֻҪ¹ûͺãҪˣǿɿˣԣ޳Ƕˡ
ʮĿ᳤ĵǣϻƣ㻹Ƿ̰
˿̣Ѿصҩռʱĳ˼أû¶һڷСƣСˡ
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ǽһͥ۴ޡ
ңҡ
꣬ʲôֵ
ͥǱ곤Ҳ֪Щ飬˵ʮֺڣһ̱ܡ
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ǸʲôĿűԼͥü磬ƻҾ׼ļƻ֪𣿡
ǴˣС֪СҪСһ𡣡
ͥĹһıӣ漴ִյ˵һֹͨס˵С۸ˡ
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˵ţʹͥ뿪ҩռ䡣
ղţСڱ۸СܾռĶæˣҲ֪Сжôġ
˲֪ǣķСͲǸԿ
Դϴδֵϵһϴ赤ûãѾƷڵĴʦˡ
£СĵֱӽŮˣȥ趼УǲܴڼȻҹƶҪŮˡ
׺ͷҲ֪ԼСãѾҪǣǸ״ֻаХһϴȥˣϾΪԽϣԽͻƣҪǲȥؾһ⣬´ͻơ
ǺСͳͥС࣬ոǳĺģʱʱӸˣʹʲôģСӿ
Ҳ£Ҫ޷⣬˦ָˡ
С̣Ҳˣǰɣ
СýŲһ׳ϣмñ׵׳˷֡
ǣܣ˭˵Ҫ̻ţҸǣȻܵԷģĸѰ˼ң֪ʲôطѵ׿ģôҲӡ
СԴ֪¥ͥ׵ģͰﵱԼҵˡ
ԣҪôݣôݡ
ͻȻ𣬲һ׳ķСæջؽţȻһˤƣڵ
Ǹоһɵ׳Ƿףĵⶼʲô˰ֱ̫ˡ
-

580 

˭ɵģȻҴǵѾߡ
ָĿǣŵõϵ׳һ¡
ⷽСǲϵҲˣСޣǿ¥ϰĶӣ
ǵ˰˱ѪùŻɷǡ
С飬λӲҪ֡
ϵ׳ӦþЩ˵ͷͷӵæͥͷϴ
ͥҲִ󣬱ϾǳԷĵطҪǸ֪ϰĶţǻý˸ˡ
Ƭ̺ͥյߵܵܣҪЩˣҪǰĿ˺忪ˣǾͷŹǡ
ΪʲôҲ̫ˡ
׵һԵġȵġסġĶȷҪ
ʼûоסͥĥӲݣӦôһƼ򵥣ʵѶȷǳߵҪ
ССȻ֪ԽǼⷢˣΣһ첻ȣģ趼Ů˵Ļ컻ˣҪ¥һ޴Ĺ档
Ǽȥһ¥һ֧裬ǾͷŹǡ
衣
ͥ䣬Ϊ׵׳ʱˡ
ڿ޵ķСĨĨᣬǸֳͬӵЦ
漴кһλСС֪СλӵѣţƤҩһ
λޱȣɰСкηԸ
ȥõǸ˺ҪŶҲǵѡ
ǣȥ
СҲˣ˭ǿǸǼҹ˶Էˡ
С컧ȥˣСתͷȥɵԭص׳ǡ
ͥҼЩ˶̫Ұ·ǻϡ
Ů˵·ǿ϶ǴˣҪһ¡
ͥԼ°˵
ôġ
С̿ˮֻС˵ѾȲҪ뵽ⳡˡ
ͥŤͷȥû취ܻܵСҪʲôԼȤõܵܲġ
ôġ
ţüǵ·ȫɲҪһƮݵĸо
˻һЩѾΧ۵Ŀ˷׷
ô赸νǰδ
ǰҪ´һԷ

ܿ죬Ҫ׳ĺԽԽ࣬ൽ׳ǶЩԲˡ
Ϊ׵׳ˣĿͥλӣǲ谡
ʵҲûжิӣŤŤתȦУһʱҾͷŹǡ
ͥƵ
׳˵ʲôȴǱͥһǺݶ۵ŵҲ֨
ܿ죬˾ˡ
֪ӱĽĿСһܿһ¥İ䡣
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ֻռ£Ͱ׳·˲
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ڴ˵ȴ󵨵ΪͥɲһŪ¥ǵ׻ôǡ
ˡ
С֣ȥͥ
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ţŶˣǰͷɢŮˡ
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׳ǲҲӣֻýԼ߸ͷһһɢ
ɵ׳Ҫϳʱͥ־ʲô㳯һ¥ҪЦƹ֣ƹһһ϶¥кηԸ
ȥЩ輧ϵױ
ǣȥš
ƹƨƨߵȥţһ¥һûסЦ
׳ǽһ²壬Ҫױֳͷ˷ʽզô̻ŮӰԣӡ
վһԵˣȥͷֻǰĳѾˣǸЩ׳ٻױǻð˸
ƺͥҲֳķΧЩΣǰһӸµĿһ¥Ŀʵ벻뿴衣
밡Ȼˣǿһ㰡һҼҶˣһҪؼιأ
ҺҼϱ뿴ʲôӵġ
ûͷãһ˿ͷ¥Ĺ˿ȫˡ
զ࣬ĵǣⶼʲô˰˵Щ˵ĶŤģġ
ֳһ߹һӼÿǶԴڴġ
׳ҲױһƤڵĴ󺺣˫죬Ѫжôˡ
ȥһ¥
ͥһС֡
׳ǱŤŤ¥֮޲Ц
׳վö飬ͥѾ˰䣬һ¥ľ۵ס
ͥһ׳Ǽ̫֣һֻֻܣв˵е㵹θڡ
ǣڳŮƺϲżһС
-

581 Ҫ

ãǽġ
ʱһ󸾴ŮĿ֮£һݵһ׳С
׳һһȣľȻ˲١
ͥһڲǺںû³
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ͥЩĽȻСһ㣬ʲôǱȽϺõġ
ҲĲҲ㡣
һ˴ͣͻеڶˣǣһʱ赸һʱ׳ǲûͣ£Խˡ
ۣͥͼ׳ǮĹģһʱ䣬һ׬ǮĴ
ҲӦһЩ輧Ů˵
ϾֻݹٷŻ𣬲յɣ̫ԵЩŮٳּҲǷǳҿģżһ£毺õ裬ҲǸѡ
ȻƤͥǼžģΪ˵ˣʲôҪַ֣һ˲õ⣬ǻǴġ
ִ磬мҪ
ʲô¡
סӣ֪űסЦ죬ֻоһӵЦݶ
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˫һУ¶һЦݡ
ţ˵ķϣģҪ縺ˣΡ
ģʶ輧Ǹ˱赸
˰ЦȽɽϸˮ̬ڼĵλȻˮǴߣʱ򣬻ðЩӡӸȥ
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ʱ̨µĻŵ˼˺ͥ볯һ¥ȥֻ·¥ˣҲ׷׶̸ˡ
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ţȥ
˽ŵͬĨͣգ۹򣬱뿪¥
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СЩ룬һ߳ŴϺһ²۵ҾӦһЩƯСкСŮ裬Ҳҵ󡣡
С벻ǣ˻һͥһ
Сѽһᶼ
ʲô
㱿˭ҵĺӲǵĸαôΪһǮǳͷ¶衣
ɡΪʲôҵĵͲϲҴڼǰأ
СԽԽί۴
ͥ˵Сţ˼ֻһͻССŮô˵δ̫صһЩ
ΣֻͥýС񽻸
Ҫ˷СԺûϱ
˭ҪϱˣװͰ͵ģһ㶼ɰ
ͷԹԵĳϺ
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ʱǰμӴ׵
ͥֻҪ¶ˡ
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Сһһظ仰
Ʋԣһ̲ˣһͽҩռ䡣
ͥƣֻվߵСߡ
ըķСһֻ˴̵Ĵ⬣˭Ҫ˭ͥĿȴ÷СãһɽڳԼ߽
ҪҼһӣҸͰ㵱˿ӴҲ
ͥŭŷСеʮˣŵ÷Сҳ
˿̣ԶһˣһϷģͥͷС
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˵İ䣬꣬һλɽӵЦҲˣҲҵλӣͥεסСãֻҪСøǷҾܰˣֵҲ޼ɵˡ
ţССС;Ʒ۷ΪסСбҲҿ硭
ǧ𣬵뵱׷ףҲ˸ĸ׵ŮˣȢԼϲˣԻ£Բ
ζĿԼĸס
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582 仯֮

ˣǰɣ
սЦ
˵İ䣬ֱŷ졢ס״֡Х졢Ҽսˡ
Ҳͷһ¥û뵽һϷ
һ磬ʦЭĳ˼һУʦĹ㳡ϡ
첢ǽе峡ǵһᡣ
ĵҩǿŮ˱Ư嵤ֵҩһٿţȻӼۣԣʽҲ˱仯
Ļ᳤һڳϡԼΧȺڣ˼ŵʱ򣬷׷¶𾪵顣
ǳ¹ﲻǶǵãսˡ
Ƕʲôɽʧܵģضģ¹־ںߣȻͻƵʱӦ׽һЩͻˡ
ô˵֮ǰǿĶǼ󡣡

˱ȫûͣ˼
ðΣ᳤վ˳
Ҷһ¹Ｊ࣬¡
᳤Ȼ˵ķƵһ˫۾ǱĿһ۳˼
˼Ҳη壬ֱӭӻȥû᳤Щ˼ˡ
᳤ɤӼ˵Ҫʼˣܹһٿ嵤Ҫٳ֡
򣬸ҡ
ųһܵ˻᳤ǰһ˫ֺ޲᳤õһƷ
Ǿųϴ١
᳤ҲȻųϵһзˣͲ̫ףȻԽ棬ԽԶۡ
һ
ʲôȻǱ

˻һ̨ºȻ
᳤Ǻݺݵĳ˳ǣƾƷҩرһֲʦЭᶼ֪峤Ϲܵģųϵбôֻ˵һ⡣
᳤һ峤ϣ峤һ죬Ѹٵͷ
ߣŮ˻Ĵ󣬾峤϶ȹ֮
棬ųһ󣬻᳤ȻЦʮ󣬵ǻһ嵤վǲֵġ
ʮ
ųϳʤ׷ƱҪ嵤
᳤ٴγ鶯ǣ޲ھȥ峤ϣתͷͿ峤ϲ֪ʲôʱѾˡ
ˡ
᳤ӣװ嵤Ĵƿ˾ųϵС
ųҲʱװűǬ˻᳤С
Żɣ᳤ҲͲʦЭˡ
¶Ҫúһ峤һΪʲôҪų˴󷽡
ųõ嵤󣬾ǺĴƿǣȻ嵤С
ãųǶô뷢ı䣬ǺＱھͳԵҩ
ԴӾųϷ嵤˶ס˺˿̣ܾĳ棬ƺֻÿ˵ĺ
ͻȻųϿʼţ˾͵˵ϲͣس鴤
ʲôòж˰ɣ
һжˣҪҲˣƻĺܲҡ
ҵţҺ˵һԣҪȻҾˡ
̨ȫ嵤
˼Ҳ᳤Լվڸ̨ϵĳҲĿڵϴľųϡ
ЩˣֻʦҩĶ侲Ҳֻܱ졣
ʱڵعľųϣۿɼٶȷű仯
ȱ仯ģھųϽ׵Ƥ֮ϣֳһɫʣʱʱɢ
ζɰ˳Ĳᣬֱˡ
ʲôòǰ˳ˣѾʼ˰ɣ
ô˵˼Ըˡ
һˣŭͲҪϹ˵嵤кܶ࣬ľŶЩھųƤϵʣǾųڵĶء
ٵļٵģΪۼΪʵǵȾųվ˵
ɳ˼Ǹֱӷ˳˼Ľ͡
˼ҲԷΪһˣǲ嵤ģʲô塣
ųڵϳ鴤˽ʱͣ
ڲ˶ΪųǶķΣ˵ʱ򣬾ͼһŮˣӵվ
ƫƫˣԼһۺ⣬ǵͷԼġ
עһϸڵˣͻȻеģųƺǰĸˡ
죬ȥһ¡
᳤ϲߴžųȥϴ
ųϻع񣬱Ŀ֮뿪ء
ʱ˿嵤飬һڱصúš
ųߵĿ죬Ҳ죬ټųʱųѾһ·
ֻһϮɫȹľųϣѾͬǰ㣬ʱ˿̵ľųϾǴӹŻ߳Ů񻣬òѣҪľƤȶҪ𪣬ôݡ
ҾҲҪһţȻ嵤úʹһЩҲ뵱ãʡʹιȥֵòʱΣһҲѲô졣
-

583 ͨ

һİСòһ㣬ƤеڵС˵
˼üλС˵ʲôҵ嵤ʹһ㣬ǣҪڵĶɾô򵥣οЩĵطҪ˼˰ҲҪһ۵ģߣҵĵҩҲΣգųϲûʲô˾ΣҲԼ𡣡
˼ᣬ˵С
ųҲʱ˹Сǰ԰ڵӣҲ˷ѡ
˵գųֳų˼գգ۾˵ÿŶ컹ĵҩأ
仰ųϱһһɨ£뿪ء
˼ʧЦȻųϲôϲǾƾŷЩ˼ӦøһɫϾ˼Ҳǰ˳˼ġ
СƺǱŭˣ𿪳˼Ĺĵߵ̨˵һƽһ嵤
úúãˡ
᳤˫ַ嵤
Сֱ㽫һǬӸ˻᳤Ȼٴƿǣ˵潫嵤¡
᳤һǮ󣬺һ׷׿С㡣
Сڳ嵤Ҳųһ㣬ڵش鴤
ֻǺ;ųϲͬǣСڹ䣬żᴫͷѵ졣
һĻǻ᳤ҲЩˡ
ߵ˼ߣʵ¹ô¡
õģλС㱾İС嵤ĿɲֹӣйͷС֮ˣڳŵҩ󣬶ܳ߰ͷ
˻һڳͬˡ
¹˿Գ𣿡
Ƥã߽ϰĻԳԡ
˼ĵĻظȺеʻ
ǳˣ᲻Ůˡ
һ⣬˵⻰Ȼӳ֡
˼һ˵ġ
ҲҪһš
˿ɲԳԵǸˣ첽˸̨
ǻ᳤ͳ˼ˣΪڵͷߡ
ٵһȣλС˵
᳤Ļʮŵġ
˲վţһ𣬼۲λСһж
Ҳ֪ǲλС̫Ѹ죬һ嵤ȥڵϹʱ
أһӽ֮ǰҪϢϯء
ŵĶ϶Ѿˣ᳤üͷһ壬ҪǼ˵ԵҩôʦЭӳҪܳʱɢᵢȣӰ쵽Ŀġ
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ʱڵλСһѣͱһʦЭŮӴȥϴˡ
ֹ˰ʱһĸƤ׾Ů˸̨֮ϡ
ǲŮ˵֮ǰλСһޣǶΪһҪҩˡ
Ѿ׷˸ı䣬嵤ЧܺãҿûȥڷԣҪǲģһҪ˭⣬ȥҳ¹Ҳиϡ
λСĻ˼ʧЦȻֻҪ˴õ˺ôٶΪһЩܼ顣
С㳯ų˼ǷǷл֮Ҳˡ
˵һȫ߱״ƣһһȫϸ᳤̨ܻ嵤
ʱס˳˼С֡ΪȶȻȥ
š
˼һЦŻصԼСԺ
ѩϹٰټ˼ضˣҲû˼ԻصԼϢĵط
ֻûֳŷ̶ԼȴԼԺӣòɿ
ϹٷһֱȰܣΪһˣϹټҽļӦΪЩС¶ŭǹЩС£ɿŮ˶Ϊоӿһĸо
ס֣ס֡
ϹٷЩˣһŭվ֡
ȻǶ뵱С檣Ǿҵޣ䣬ԺԽƣһҳɹϹټҵļУҪϹټҵԶñң𡣡
ˡ
ŮӯӯһЦϽ¶顣
һԿϷϹٰٺѩЦ
ۼϷûˣ˱ȥ¸˳˼ء
˼Сû뵽ⵤȻ
ǰֻҪǳ¹ĵҩġ
Ϲٰٸſ佱
ȴΪĵϹٰ١⻹õ˵
ҺĴζ
Ϲٰһı飬ȴǱӹһƻţ۵ֻˡ
κγ˼ϹٰҲû÷ֻأ޲ýƤ
ѩû¶һյ˼ߡ˼ȥͨ˰ɣ
-

584 

˼ֻѩǳʦЭֲҪһ¿ζûн·ϡ
ʵϣˡ
ѩڳ˼ͻƾƷʦʱ򣬱׵ŵˣȻ˼ڲ޴󰭣ɵʱˣͬõĳ˼ȻȻޱϧԷȻҲöԷǮˡ
һ˳緹ص˸ԵСԺЪϢ
ڳ˼˯һʱܵռ֮Уд׵
ɴ۾ŤͷءϴμͥʹͻƵĿ𣿡
̫Сܲס׽٣ƻƷ۷忨ܾá
ǣ˭ͻƶɽ١
˼˵ţ뵽ʲô
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뵽ˣ˼һҩռ䡣
˿̵һƬ̵Ĳݵ֮ϣƾµ׵粻ͣӡ
Ϊ˲Ӱͻƣ˼뿪ҩռ䡣
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˰Σ˼ڡ벻ѾͻƶƷʦˣżʱһʲôͨˡ
ǰɴ˿ɼƵϴ赤Ƕô죬ֻһͨˣҲڳԹϴ赤̥ǡ
سĹһ³˼ıӡ
˼Ц˼ȴ顣
ߵ˶üͷæְ丧ƽôˡ
Щ嵤ΪҴĺô
㰡ǸСԣҽԺҪһô൤ҩ֮ǰȱҲͻƾƷʱ򣬲㱻׸
Ǹزû˵ֻ̻˸С
˼֣صĵ˵ͷģĴҲٷ
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˼ӹ᳤ݹһǬµĿһۺͷᡣ
벻ǣ˴ᣬ׬ǧƽ𣬻ֲдƾƷҩȱٵֲ
˼Цü䣬᳤ȴǿһǺܶ࣬Ǹһ֣ͱúˡ
Σ˭ƷƷҩأ
ڸ˼֮ǰ᳤ֶյ峡飬ǿ˼Ҫٵ
컹Ҫȣ˼;ͷ
Ҳ֪ǲͻƾƷǼ֣ʹó˼ֻ뾡굤ҩ뿪
껹ʦ˵ʲôҲˡ
᳤һڳϻصʼҪʲôҩ
᳤һڲ裬漴ĿԼֱߵĶϡϣ˵˵ʲôҩȽϺá
Ҳ֪
ҡҡͷĲ֪
᳤ͳ˼ĶͬһҪּ׬ǮĵҩҪ嵽һ㣬벻
峤ô
᳤ȥ峤ϡ
峤ڵĺһڲ˵ɱɣ
ɱ
᳤ֱ֣Ӵվ
ɱȻƷҩɱֲǻȱһζ⵹νؼɱһƳɹɱֱ̭𣿡
᳤һЩԹĿ峤ϣ峤ڵθڡ
峤һЦ᳤˳¹𣿱ܲǲصģֻҪ¹СҪ֪ɱһЩͷӣ޷ɹһ׽٣Ҳڳɱ֤ԼֻҪǶɹһ׽ٵˣʵƱֻӳʱٴζɲ𣿡
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᳤ۺӣһӣϵֳϲ֮ɫ
ֻȱһζֲҪڶѰ
뵽ȱٵһζ᳤ֲֿĲˡ
峤һת˵ԼȥңЩһֱ鱦УȫȥҲôҺһڴȻĿ
ţֻˣ峤ϡȥһ¡
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λϣϻ᳤Ҳðǣֻðڰ֣ɢᡣ
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˼˿ΪԼһФ񻭣¶һͨˡ
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˼ȣԴŭ
ң峤ϡ
峤һ֪ۿҪˣ˼׼Ҫһӻңû취ǻ᳤飬Ҫˣûĺô
뼰ˣ峤ֵ¹ıˣ᳤˵һ
峤
ڴ䲻峤еͷԡ
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585 һ𳤴

峤ϽƿЦĿеĶˡ
˼ԷԼЩⲻȥ˵ף峤϶Ǹ˼ңͷûж⡣
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˼վΪ峤һ裬ȨǸ
峤Ͻӹһڣǰĳ˼꣬Ҫϰףʱͺ˲١
峤Ͻӻ᳤֪飬һһΪ˼˽һ顣
󣬳˼ϲܳȥãЩ춼ˡ
˼û峤ϵˣȻ˵ҲЩ
峤һЦҪˡ
˼⣬½ŹϣͼһЦ
ôˡ
˼ʵ˵ӣһ۲۵Ĵɡˡ
˼Ůòá
Ů˵һǶأ
˼ǸŮģˣһӣСܲˡ
ûϵǶӣǾ˾ʮҾͲŻǶӡ
˵ţؾҪȥ˼֡
˼ʾãҳʲô
Զҵ˼룬߸һȥ˰ɣ
𰡣Ա߻סأ
˼ʮ
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ĳѾȲĽᱧŴȥʱ
˼飬ôָȫǸֵĵطˣ˭ǰæˣϾƤ
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һλأ
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Σֻý˼£漴ڳ˼ǰͷ򿪡
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ϹٷŭĿء
Ƽߵĳ˼һСְ˵Ĵɨһۡ
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Ϲٷ粻ȷԼ̶ãҪǹ˼ԼݱʦЭ˷֣͸شˡ
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Ϲٷ綼Цˣʱˣ˻ڸװͿأ
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ʵŮˣ㲻ʶôҲˣһңò˵һöӡ
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ϹٷһӣһɫĳֱָϹٰٵšҲҸҴһܡ
ҵǸңֻһ򣬿϶ҪǣǻģʱҪ˵Ϊ͵ʦЭĵôֻߣϹټ֮֡
˵ʲôϹټһҪҪŪġ
˵ϹٷõεĶ
Ϲٰٶʱˡ֣㲻᲻֪ʦЭܶ嶼ǧ˿ƵĹϵɣϹټȻҲֲмųʹѹúһеϵ
˻һϹٷһվǰѽ˻
ߣ¶û꣬Ҹݡ
ºݻϹٷˡ
ϹٰȻòǵӰ˵ŻῪǸʱ߰ɣȻȼҲ߲ˡ
ǰߵˣԲӶ˶٣Ƭּ̾ӿ˼֡
ȵ˳Զˣ˼ʮֲĿϹٰ١
ôְλˡ
Ȼɶ񣬿ҲǴСһ𳤴ģСʱϵܺãԼ뷨ټϵѬգǵĹϵͱöȻЩ꣬ǻ඼˴ʹӣ˭ûɱġ
Ϲٰἰ˻Щп
˼֪֮ٶģ»Ϲٷ磬ҲûɱϵϹٰȥǸ֡
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586 ﲻ

ϣϹٷΪ֮ɣ˱˻ԣ˾ͻԶʦЭᡣ
𣬲һ˿¶ȡ
˶֪һʦЭĻ᳤ͳϵ֪˻ǵЭڣȡǻý˸ж˿ඣ
ԣڵ֪˭Ǽϸʱ򣬲ûеһʱ֪ͨʦЭᣬѡ
ΣϹٷϢˣǽ˳ᢣǲ֪ĳˣܲϧλˡ
ֻһһ²ΪʲôϹٷϻп쾵
͵£
ϹٰЦ
˼һ㶣ת˲֮ʲôϹٷ絤͵һСС鱦쾵ˡ
뵽˼ֱĿһϹٰ١
Ϲٰʼ硰ɱôҰû͵ϰߡ
𣿿ôãһ˫۾ڱ˵أ
سĿϹٰ١
Ϲٰٵס˼ΪԼЩò׵İ״ݻ١
Ťͷһء˵һ䲻
˼ǹţʡñĳЩ˵ϡ
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ϹٰٶԴһҲϲ˶˱˵ϱѾײ֪˶ٴ췹ҪںһţԵ޲ɼ
ԣһ¶ʱϹֻٰǷƵһЦ
磬˼һ硣
طѾæץ·ٴá
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شһС˶뻳С
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˼ã֪Ҫ˫۾Ҳɵöһ¡
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ڵԵϹٰٺѩ˶ˣʱ;ãԼʵࡣ
ѩӣЦĿ˼˵˼ȥ㿴ȳԡ
Ҳȥλá
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˼˺ѩϹٰûӰˡ
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Σ˼ֻ£ĵس緹
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ͬǣĻ᳡˲ò绨Ůˡ
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£˼Ҳ֪Ƕ嵤˵ˡ
ǸӣѾ̭ǰˡ
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ػһɺ⣬ȰصʦЭӱŵùǺһʱԭز֪˵ʲôΪá
˼£ķͷѾˣȥ϶⵽˵Ĳ
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á
⳯ų˼˵ͷͺڶ˵ֻӵĻ㣬пޡ
ӱĲᣬȻҲܷ
Ϊǰվŵˣһʦ᳤ͳǶӵѣһʵֲ˹һССĵܿġ
-

587 ɭ

ܿ죬᳤һڳϾˡ
᳤ûж˵Ŀ׻һֱ⡣
λʦѾеӸǽıϸˣͲˣߣһ뿪ʦЭᣬǰɭ֡
ģҪȥɭ֣ôɻˡ
ǣɭҿɲȥҪɭֻ࣬˼ԣ޵Ļ̫ˣȥ˻ز

᳤ĻЩΧ۵ʮ𾪡
Ͼ⵵¶֪ΧԱࡣ
᳤ЩˣߵǲȥʦЭᣬʱ峤дǡ
ˣ߰ɣ
Ż᳤һ£еĶʮʦպ¯ʦЭ׼ֲųһӣ˻᳤Լһڳ󣬳ʦЭĴŶȥ
ΧʿӴıţСġΪ͵ģֻ
Ҳܻ䣬ߵ˼ߣ⽫һλߵ˼ϽһʦԶһЩ
ô˿أ
žͿţûôǡ
ذڳһ̬ó˼
ˣķƢҲôҲˣϵˡ
˵ɭ֣˼֮ǰ˽ġ
λڲλã·㣬дʱܵ
ֶΪˣʱǶԣûκѶȡ
ʦЭᣬͣתͷ˵λʱҪʲôӣٶǰɭΧʱǾǿðϡ
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ʱҶգ۹˸߿ա
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˼һۣشӻóһѾɵСӶ˼£Сһ޽
ų˼˾޽ѩϹٰҲǺļص
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ԼĪһ󣬳˼һб㵽ɭֵΧҲǿȻ档
Ѿڴ˵Ⱥʱ˼һһĿɨ˳ľ޽󣬲㾪°͡
鱦𣿡
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Цŵ˵ͷ
ϵ鱦Ǵײôǵõˡ
ϵĻ伤ϲṵ֮̂ɫеֻǲʺɻ
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صĻһյƣνģϱʾ֮ܽ󣬲Ƶĵ˵ͷ
ʱ᳤ԼһڳϽϵȻĵȴ
ӣ˼ԭ鱦ϡȱ³ʦЭĻ᳤ͳϣˣʦԹߣûз鱦ģԣֻܿС
ۼŻҪһЩʱ䣬˼˾ȥ˱ĵطϢ
Ҳɢȥš
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ϹٰһôԱһȫǶɭֵľ뵡
ѩһƬݵϣŹӡ
˼һҲûеģǾɭ֡
ʱֽ˼ֽġ˼ץޣͰɣ
УǲϹصģҪñŷ
ҲܣֻİΣ
ס˼ֽ˼֡
˼üʱ᳤˵ҪûٴͣҪֻҡ
ãһɿڵġ
һЦ뵽Ӧ֮ߡ
ԼĪʱ󣬴Ž
ΪúҲõϢñôһϢʱ
Ҳᣬشҡڵߵ᳤ǰ᳤ҪҼߡ
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᳤ַ
᳤ǺԶԣֻóŶͶȥȵĿ⡣
ЦΪ˰ȫʦмѣ˭ҵޣ˵˭Ƶɱֿ죬Ʒֺãͨء
ܹǿǵĶ࣬һ᳤ҲǵͷĬ
ʦóԼĿҵҩȥЩΧ۵ˡ
Χ۵Ⱥвʵǿߣ߻бȳ˼ػҪĴڡ
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˼ȴһɢС£̵ĳɭ߽
վĻ᳤һڳϷ׷զ࣬ĵǣ´Ҳܽӣѵǲ֪ʱܱ
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588 ֤һ

ϹٰٺѩΪģҲвʦҪ£ǣǶûеóѡ
Ϲٰٺѩã£ǣ£ǵҲӦغͳ˼ˣߣ붼롣
Ȼûʦͬ˵ˣֻܺͻ᳤ͳǴһϹٰٺѩҲ⡣
Ǿ𣿡
˼ǲĿء
ؽһЦȷû˺󣬱㽫ͨ쾵˳
˼㵵סС조Ҫɱ˭
ɱ˭⾵ӻбô磬Χ̽
˵ţر㽫һָͨ쾵ľ֮ϣֻɫʱɭֵԸͨ쾵ľ֮ڡ
û뵽鱦ô
˼ѣ൱ִ״״ﻹҪ
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ܿ죬صϾչ¶Цݡ
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һޣһӰɣвУץ
˼ܵĿܡ
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˵ץסޣҲֻǷһѪ
ǡ
ٴһ³˼Դ
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˼ҩռһЩհװĺʺɳڳ˼þƵʱȴؽͣˡ
˼ǸǳԵģǸҡ
ز
˼ͺˣĴһصļô˵
Ҫô˵ͲôõĶˡ
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ҪץסޣںԼӵ飬Իȥۡ
˺һװϺʵĴӣóϺʣĲŶѨжȥ

漴ס˼֣㵽һô档
˾ĵȴţƬ̣ͿĸԲİԴ̽ͷ
һޣó˼ãޣĸʿȳ衣
ûҲ̫ɰ˵Ļ˵Ϳһֻ޴˳
ǰһ룬޿ɰĳ˼һסˡ
ȥʲôʿԴߵӣⶼʲôﰡ
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ҪǲܾЩޣͿˡ
ȻҲû뵽޳ӣǰһţץֻȥӵأ࿴Ǽۣ;ûڡ
Ĵֻĸ޾׽
˫۾ڰĿĸ̻ʵӡ
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ֻ޽ǰ׼õһǿصдܳ
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ƿѪػΪֻ޽˿ڰá
ڴĳ˼һȫɵһļƤ
˼ǻȥɣ
ؽƿݸ˳˼
˼ӹ󣬾Զ
ҵ޸ң޾⸽أ

ˡ
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589 ת

˹ļǿһ
ǾƷڵΪֱƷڡƷ۷塢ԼƷڡ
ôЩ˼һʵɼһߡ
쿴պֻޡ
һŮӣָֻԵ˫ð⡣
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ˣǿǵβͣѾȡѪˡ
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һۣȻеʴԵķ⣬ܲԡ
ȥǵѪҲ֪ĸ۵ץֻޣǣһŸǵѪǲƵҩóȥҲֵǮ
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ɽţһӴӰͳӵĽǰ
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ſѪڣߣƤ
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ڴʱرų˼ֱͦͦķɵ˵ߡ
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һ˲ʹధսȫʤۣ漴˵ԭλҵĹȫתƵǵϣʲŽǵķ鱦顣
ˣҲɱǣסҪٴ޵⣬ղһ˼ʦоƷΪĶֻ֣ȥЩ˵
˵գǾ޴ޱԵСһûˡ
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ӺīӵĶԻһ˫ʱɴ
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590 鷳

ЦֵΣ
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ԷѾɱģر㿴˼
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ȻӶѾͬɱˣҪţ̫صЩ
ԧ죬ԧ죬ѵǲ𣿡
һһţ˿ûע⵽صһ˫۾Ѿ졣
īӺʶĶһ£ΪʲôǰˣǾƷڵΪΪθǵĸоһߡ
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īӺһۣͷ󣬿ɲҵλС㿴ˣϾǶԺҪλС㡣
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ŵīӣӶ˼֣һ߱𣬽أԽԽ󣬵һ̵Ĺ򣬾ͻɻ棬˼ؽİΧ
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Ӽīûôˣٿغͳ˼Ŀʱ˼η壬ϣϮȥıҲӵ湥˷

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ӿʼˣΪʲôҪɱˣ˷ǵû£һ˿ļûУϮȥıУȴǱ˾һ׵λá
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żԶһ࣬Ī뵽īӵǣīӵصλÿȥⲻãһȻīӵĿλãѪӿ
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ΪһȼƷ֮󣬱ڵԼһء
еĸ߶ԶֻȲӥˣڻûжɹ׽֮ǰԶǸˣܳΪһӥɵĸߵˡ
뵽ˣˡ
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˵ţػų˼üŪۡ
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ﲻˡ
ַ̯ʣǷɱǼˣ͸һ
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591 Ҫ

ʱ󲿷ʦԼǼͬ˶ûлеС»ˡ
᳤˿տգ뵽ѵɭˣܰ
ޱͺǿɭ۰һ
һ룬᳤ֻҡͷ롣
Ǹл˵ˣǰҪûޣ¹ɱˣҲӵ峡̭
̭ʲôõ޷޵ѪֻҪǰѪУҪʲôޡѲɣʦЭץģǵѪţΪʲôԼȥأ
ĶŶϡ
ϱͷƤ飬ЦҲ˼ô˵λѾȡ޵Ѫô̾Ϳˡ
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кݺһϺ󣬱㽫ĿͶ˼˼ҪϢһôҲҪȱ˻һٿʼȻҲ̫û˼ˡ
ãҲˡ
˼ûϣ֣ߵѩϹٰٵǰ
Ǽʱûѩס˼־͸һûټһ˼ǻˣҶҪˡ
ˣҿ㲻ǻúúõ𣿡
˼ȥϹٰ٣Ҫ˵ϿһЩʲôȻֻǿһۣͱĳǿнԴ
˼ҪˣȻ᳤ۡ
Цòá
һĻԭЩɲþ°ͣǵĺʲôʱһţƤҩֽ
Ϲٰһ漴תѩһǿҪҽЩҰʷҲ֪𣿡
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ѩ޹ķֻҪÿϴӼûȥķͲĺһ𣬼ڴߣЩķ绨ѩ¡
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ԽۣԽңǾԽ
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Χһӱð˼ֻõС
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ŶԭһΪֱܳԣҲ֪͸ĿǶʲôͦ촽
һĭ˵ʵڵģԶѩϹٰٳԵʵ̫ˣҪǻ᳤ܵĿ죬ҲƤ˼Ҫˡ
ӦǸţⱣõģ
᳤һ߳һ߽͡
ϲùЩֻҪܳԵĽţ⣬ʲôɹܲˡ
㰡Ϊʲôǻĸ˶нţԣûС
ҲҪԡ

˳ԵĽţԼʸɣ˲ʱΧߵע⡣
һ˫һ˫ڳԻĿӹ˼硣
ǿʲôһ۵ɹȥŵæܿ۾
ǰɴ磬ǿһ۶Ҳ̫ˡ
һΧߣע⵽⽴ţǳԳ¹֣֮ΪЩԵģ򣬿ǳ¹ķƺܲƣһɣ඼һģʵ̫ˡ
ˣˣҪ
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592 Ųһ

˼Ժô󷽣Щǰ
ĳĿų˼в
˼νЦһЩԵĶѣ⡣
ǡ
ػ˵ʲôͿм˹
⼸Ůǲǵߵģϸ˲ˣֲ
˼ҲûڳʲôţˣǽԼķȥ˳ڵλá
Ǽ˻˵ó˵ĵҩ˳¡
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ܿ죬˾ʹӴԵˡ
һŮһקסԼĳ˼˼Щ飬ҲĲһ¡
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ȴǺŮӶ϶һܴܴޣǺܶˣֻĸ˳ȫˡ
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ҩȻǿЧҪκЩܵˣԲһɾ͵顣
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˼ɲյӮңûսԣ˾ãˡ
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λ죬ʦЭμӱʱÿ˶֪һķաûȴΪۡԶΪŵ䣬ֻ˵һǸҲ̫ģΪʦЭĻ᳤ٶһεģӽԺʦЭᣬΪЩŵļ壬ѹӦʮ꣬һƷĵҩһʦЭᣬֻһˡ
᳤˵ĸ˷θΧ߸кá
˼ȻΪһ˵˽κʽĲͽ͡
ͺñִĳգҪһȥˣô߽ļ
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˶ãԼĳգܵ˾ܵõһĳ⳥˭⽫Ǿ
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ܵ˵ʦЭἴЩ˵ļ壬ΪѾǳĲ¸ĸģĸĸԸѪͷ
˼˼Ĺ򣬾᳤峡Ϊԭֻɽеʦ
仰û˵꣬ͼԶ͵һͨζţһֻϤľ޴̽˰Դ
˼һӦ᳤᳤ޣʵڶɽ۷壬ޣͬȼ࣬ҲѹŴ򡣡
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ѾˣҿȻʦЭᣬһЩȵֵһߡ
᳤һӣؼʱ̣ȻΪ˱˶Ըڻҡ
˼Ҫ࿴᳤ˣȥ۲ʶ̩ɽûϾһ׷αӣã˲Уٵķ׾
Ǹȫֵˣߵ᳤ߣصĶԷļ򡰲оͱܣҪʦЭҪǻزҾͰĹͷ
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᳤ָŶĴӵۡ
ȴһŭȵλҲҪֳϰɣ
ˡ
Ͽһۻ᳤أ漴˻뿪
˶ˣ˼ػ᳤ʮֲ⡣
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Ǻβһɱޣǵһ޵Ѫ᳤һ룬ʱһЩߵļ壬޵ѪǵļͲʦЭˡ
᳤ӷת˼صĻͬʱɻĿˡֻоƷڵΪ˵Ĵ󻰣ǲ̫һЩߣٲߣǾͳ׽ˡ
᳤޵ѪɱҪɷ֣ȷҪŹǰĴ򡣡
ٴѭѭա
ȻѾǰ
᳤һᡰ¿ԣǧܳǿ򲻹ܣϾŲһеĿܡ
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593 

ƾǿЦ֪˶𣿡
޽ڽڹЦ
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һԵĻ᳤˶סˣĵǣǾƷڵʵΪʲôƷ۷嶼ѹأ
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ҪĳУͶǿһһ¡
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Ǹʲô᳤֪
ʲô书Ϊλ˵ҵıԪ񡣡
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˼˿ԼС֣Ϊȣѵ˵˾ƷĴʦҩռҲˡ
ҪȻҩռС۳شһƷ۷ɽڵޡ
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㲻֪ôˣʱȥˡ
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ò˵ǵޣ˵ÿһ仰
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ͷһ˻
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޴˿ҲûΣǼıóѵĽ
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ͬʱЩ޵ﾹȻʧصĴţëȻһĻˡ
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ɫΧޣȻһǺɫѪ֮С
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Ѫ֮дԹ
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᳤÷Ŀ˼
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594 

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ֻ޺пڻΡ
ΡⲻܣԲܡ
᳤ʲôЦϷ֮ɫ
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˼䣬һӰýٶǰ
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һ޻γɵЦͷ֪ĵͦϧǶҪ
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ŶŮҺͣҲɱ㣬ҶˣǸʱͻҵӣ飬Ҳұĸá
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Ҫڳ˼ǰȴǱ˼һƣƵһߡ
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Ҳһ£ҪɱʦЭˣǣǾϣʤܹһɱ޵ĵڼƻȫˣȥԸֻޡ˭ǶкôҪܾˣ⣬˵ҵĲµĶԲԡ
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Ȱ㲻ҪˣУץһΣץǵڶΡΡ
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ΣֻǸ׵ķӡ
˴ҩռùʳ˵ǣһͬ¾һֻ칫ҾдĹʳ
ʳóٴ򿪴ӡ
ǰһ뻹ɻǰŮҪʲôӣһ̣ͱʳϢˡ
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595 շǬ

ʲô㰡ҳԡ
¶ϲɫ
˼ͷһȻãţ
ԣҪǲſԡ
˼ŹʳҲ
ӣЦⲻܣһԵģҷǣܡ
һ㣬Ժÿ춼ԣһٶԵΣ
˼Ͳţ¹ûԡ
Ӳ˵һزϿνɫ
˴ʮֻõͷӦ¡
ҡ
Ӵһӣץ˼ϵĹʳһͨԡ
̫óˣҴûгԹôóԵĶⶫϡ
һ߳ԣһ߷ĸп
˼תЦëȻ
᳤һĭ߶µ⡭ʲô
᳤֪ݴ˿̵ˣΪǰ˼̫̫ľϲ
˼Ȼ˵ǸԵĹʳҪǸˣǻıߡ
ܣҪ˵ˣҪ
˼һĨӵĶ᳤ŵòʡ
ȴһͻȻһ
ǵôùⶫι·ߵ˹
ԭǸԵĹʳ
ЦûüͱһĿӭˡ
ؿų˼˵ͷʾԼϺȡ
˼һȵĳ˽һʳ󣬳˼ٴδŵ˵㲻ܱҷӣɣ
ˣһγɹԶ⸱Ƥҡ
˻һһԵزԸˡ
˵˭ǳƤңҰѻ˵ˡ
ָŭɶ
˼󣬿ͬŭ˵аɣ˭УһԺˣ˵ӣҪһԷ
ţ˵ʲôҶֻҪÿҳֶУҺϲ
˼⻰׵ĲᣬҪǸ֪ǰӣʵһͷޣ֪Ҫˡ
˼Ųᱻ˿ĳ˵Ĺ˳ƭĿӡҪԼħġ
ҶħģԺ󵱸ˣˣֻɱˡ
Ӿ֣ͶԼħġ
˼һѶͷϵĺ˰ϸεޣǸɵġ
ó˼ɻûлε޻Ҫκ󣬾͸СһҪӲܡ
ʾãӻκĵһ̾Ѿʼˡ
˼Ϊʲôֶһʳһ֭иָɡʡڽ̻ʳúӴһѶ˸һԾȥȻﾲĵʳ±˻һ
֧ӣ˼Ͱѻ᳤һߡ
ʲô
᳤֪޻εӣΪαһԻأǺԲСӣžһɹζȻϲԣаš
᳤̾˿Ȼ˼ҲԸ˵ҲͲˣ˵ϻҲ򲻹ǻεأ
ģӣҲ̳һЩ˼룬֮ܶǲ˺ġ
Լħĺ󣬻᳤Ҳ͸󵨵Ĳ²⡣
˼ҲȫŻ᳤ֻһġ
ˣҪԺҪǣǾͰţҲˣֻǱѡ
˵պ󣬻ܳΪӵڡ
˼С̣һ˫۾
뵽ʲôӦ³˼Դʵʲôô񡣡
ԷһĿԼ˼˳˵ͳɡ
ҳˣȥ
ӰһͻȻڳ˼صûаֱֲԷ֪
˼һ㶣Ȼ˭أ
תЦĿӡʲô֣
ҽǬ
ǬǸ֡
˼Ц
˵ǬҪǻʦЭᣬΪЭĻ᳤֪һԸ⡣
Ҫ֪˲ʦԼӵܣûд׵أҪһɱȥҪʦЭ
ߣһͷ޵ȥӦ
᳤ЩΪѣ˼뵽һơ
ٶȿǬǸ˭
Ȼң۷ɽڵ޶ѣҪΪҵĿ
ܶԸޡ
᳤һˣǰǬ֮ǰײУѾ˳¹ˣȫһӦб֤ˣֻҪǬݽбܣͿԱܶ鷳
Ǭһۻ᳤̧ͷ˵Ȼޱлףͬȼѹ࣬ȻѹޣͬĵͬȼޣҲѹ࣬˵ˣС顣
ǬĻ˵˼ǲҲҪѡˡ
ΪǬᵽС磬ɴ˱֤Ǭ۽˼Ǹġ
ͷҲǰʱ򣬲֪ǧ磬ǧǧ磬ǧǧС磬ÿ綼ԼƼ⽨ԭʼ
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596 ط

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᳤ЦÿҪϲ£ˣһɱҲǬΪǴϲ֮¡
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˼ǮҲȱԵģǬƺǮȤƫƫԶԵĹʳжӣһһ࣬һ٣ԼţҲܱȻ˸ǿ
һ磬˼һбصʦЭᡣ
᳤㣬ó˼ֳһ޵Ѫ˵ʦһϾʦʣˣ©ֱʤδⲻƽЩ
˼Ҳû˵ȬϾǵĿʦЭˣҪ㱾¶ûУôҲûˡ
ȻʦЭᣬӻûȺһȺϾͺ˳˼ڵСԺ
ѵã˼ڻ࣬һĶˡ
¹ˣ¹æ
峤ϵ
˼ߣҲ֪峤ϺЭ̣ǹ
¡
˼Ȼеӣó˲ǵ
ЩȥʦЩʦͬ˵ˣǵļˣ˵Ҫָ˵
¶Ӧȥһ᳤𣿡
˼꣬߹ȥŴ򿪡
峤ϻҪŵֶڰУѿɵε:¹ӡλλӦӵĵܵܰɣʱҲڳɷΪ᳤֤֤Щ˵ȷ֮ڣʦЭ֮֡
һ£ҵܵܣֻǸҳѡ
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峤е£ö࣬Ҫ˫ֵܣ־͵д
Ȼųֵܶ˵ĹϵҪǹϵãӲиܵܣҲû취
ǱǸλһɣ
峤ϳع˹ǵǸ
˼ǶſڣǲȥǾͲߵơ
ǺðɣҪȥҲûãͲҪˡ
˼ͷһ˳ȥѸÿһߺ󣬽ĳصĺһ
˵ĿľҪû˴ôҲûˡ
᳤Ǹʲôˣһ˭Ҳʹ죬뿪ʦЭᣬǳϡ
ܿ죬˼˾
ʱİٺİףЩò졢ϵĴŴӻңνǷḻʡ
ɨһԵİٺˣ˼֪Щ޳ԵʦԼͬԱļԱ
ǵļֻһλδҪʦЭᶯ
ɴһҲ׶ˡ

᳤һߺۺá
˼˵ӣǲø᳤ӻҪġ
ʦЭĵӾͰӣó˼
˼᳤λӣæڳ˼ߣǬ棬öȺĿĲߡ
Ǭνȣ˵ʵκҲô·ûл֮ǰ·鷳Ķࡣ
ǬҲûбֳԳ˼Ȥؾ;ãǲԼ̫СǼ˵㣬һ뻹Ǿٹ۲һʱ䡣
λǺͻ᳤һԸǧ޵׳ʿɣ
ʱһλӣһվ
˵ĿԹɨ˼ˣĿͣ˳˼ϣǲ죬аЦ
ؽһĻ۵ףһ˫ֲɵεİ֡
һ֪ˣӣܺá
˼ҲܵһĿ⣬΢΢𡰲֪ǡ
ƷʦĴ磬ˣҲţܵûҪˣҪʬɣ
᳤˵𣿺ܶ˶޳ˣҪȥ޵Ķҡ
˼һڳĺܶ˶óȻʻ
˶Գ˼Ļش𲢲⣬ǰ˼ͼ˼
˵ĻҲǻ췦Ȼ᳤ӦؼṩʮһƷҩĹӦطûӣ磬λ¹ҵӣȻұ֤ʦЭ鷳Ρ
λطŴ磬ϳŵʱǲǴһˡ
ʲô˵ǮҵǮһֱЯҪ٣ӦоУ㾡ܿڡ
ط˵žȥǬ
˼һ˫ÿ۾У˵ôƤԭѾ˵ˡ
޼֮Ҳ𡣡
˼Ļ˳
طǬһ٣漴⴫˵ĴЦ˵طžһҷ
ȻʦģҲͰˣȢһпֵŮ˻ؼңⲻӽˮʲô
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597 Ĥ

Ůˣǲӽˮˡ
طŭɶĿ˼޲ýŮ˵ĲŤϡ
˼ַˣֻûмġ
ûˮ˳һ£ǴĲǮӡ
գ׹Ц
طŵһͨ죬ֳӣ˵ĸоʮֻˡ
ճ˼ĹǰһˣһȾ˺ͷͺںӵʥˡ
һʥ˼Цˣֻڣʲô߰Ľģڹʥˡ
СӣŲŪҡ
طۿ˵Ҫ֡
ʱȺһ
ҵ˭أԭؼҵǸȢһٶϱ޲ôٸϱطŹ㶼˼ҳ¹ɷ䣬һҪȢ˼ңȢؼٴ𣿡
һŮˣȻ˷̣ȴά˼
˼ԴȥͿһźµŮˡ
ǰþò
¹þòһѰ˼ΪֶأһȦպü£ҪһʦЭᣬû룬Ȼ㣬̤ЬٴѰȫѹ򰡣
ЦϾ޵òһλõŮ
طۼԼܸ˲𴩣ɵõáŮˣ㻹˼˵ң㹴˼и֮򣬻˶ӣŵ֪˼ѾӣѰٻҪɱ˵ķã˭˲֪˭˲
ñòϻЦ⣬⻰˶ˡ
˼ǰһסõ֡ǰģĿľǼŭ㡣
һǻ
лл˼Ҫ㣬ҿ¾Ҫɱˡ
ûһ£ʲôãһܵԼ֪ʲô
ЩһֱڿƣȻⷬûκãҪǷų˼ͨڷڵҪ볹ױ״̬ˡ
ҪˣҲ·һ
ɲΪЭˣףһὫɱ
ңǷҵûиʦЭаʸ
ӵÿ궼ҪҩиҪʦЭ᳹ǷҾͻһ壬һˡ
С¶ѡ
˼˰֣ŷõĻƢ˼һ취ҲûС
ȻطŻɿڣʼĿת˷á
һ˵ˣڵķƣһˡ
סڡ
һֱԽ˳˼һƳطŵ˹ȥ
طźɲɵıõָ׻۾ʱѪ졣
һ̣طűסԼʹҵۿˣˡ
ŭеķٴλʶԼ飬ȴЦˡ
˵˵Ҳˡ
ӣҪɱ㡣
طŴһӣһ´󵶺Ȼ֡
˼ɫһֻ´һǳ鱦˵˵ǰ
˼Ƭ̣˼ͳŻ᳤ͶȥĿ⡣
᳤ɤӣϷͦԣγ¹ﲻ޷ֻԼˡ
ؼҹӣҸһĿˣͺˡ
Ҳ׼ߵط⻰һڻ᳤ǰ
᳤óһɫĵҩݵططµҩ۾Ѫ
ǹ˺ðΣط˵
᳤ҲɻˣĿ۾ľѵҩӦûЧ
᳤ҵôǿҪûۣ˴ҪԿġ
طԲ٣һֻһֻ۾ãôӽǾͻСҪֻ۾ҲܿһЩġ
ڵطֻʣһֻ۾кãͬھǰˡ
⡭
᳤ԥţ˻ǰȥ顣
ԭ۾һ㶫ȡ
᳤־Ҫȥطеһ㵭ɫƤ㣬˼״ҽߵı
᳤
᳤һ٣漴תͷɻĿ˼
¹ѵиõİ취
᳤ҽ֮ͣԿΪĤˡ
ʲôĤʲô
᳤ɻĿų˼һ¶ĺӡ
˼̾˿ƺԼڸ˭˵
ôɣعӵ۾ܵȺ۾һ֯۾ǵۿԭ򡣶ǵɫƤ֯һõֻ۾ֻоƷĵҩܾˡ
˵᳤ģϽŪ
᳤û˼Ļȴ˼ĿԼһվƫ˳˼
ع֪λ¹ǱʦʦͬʱһλҽǷˣ˵Ļм٣ҽ飬ó¹Ϊ۾
᳤Цġ
طüһۻ᳤ֿһ۳˼ҪβãǾ͸ҵӡ
-

598 һʹ

˻ǲҪ
ָطţ޲ھͳȥ˱һ١
˼קסص֣жҪ嶯
Ǳع˵ֻǣҪκ㣬͵øҿͷҴӦң˺󲻹ңҪƵߣҪٳҵǰ
ߣôĿҾ͵޸Һˡ
طЦĵ⡣
˼촽΢΢˵š
ͷʲô˶Уǲ֪رࡣ
ع롣
˼ָһƫ᳤ȷϣƫǷ˾ס᳤˰֣ʾƫǸסģҪعӣǸãֻܽȥǡ
ܿ죬طű˼ȥƫزĳ˼һ·ȥˣЩҪβˣҲһһˡ
᳤ۼ֤ˣԼҲ˲յСһڡλ԰꣬ȳ¹عκ۾̸һ̸ҵ顣
һж᳤š
˹ָ͡
ʮֵĳ˼һβطţͿɴСˡ
ϾʦЭĿûнطŵ۾κãƾҽȻտ뻯Ҳܰ
ΣֲܸȥȥҲʲôæﲻˡ
ó̾һֻų˼һҪκطš
ͬʱΪԼĳ嶯еڣҪԼ嶯Ҳᷢ顣
һߣѾƫĳ˼ػطˣδطݶ˼Ѿҩռóطš
üͷʡ˼ѵҪȥ𣿡
أͨǿ϶ҪȥģһƷڵĴʦòţֱ
˵ţ˼ó˸ָߣൽզࡣ
ڶ໥֣زЩڳ˼ߴ֡
˼ط۽ĤʱʱݹȥߣٲȻǰ˼֮£һлʿ
˼⣬յҲ൱ɹ
ͺˣŽȥһʱѡ
һʱѾܳˣҪ֪ڲ˵۾϶ӣɲһļ򵥣ҪʧˣҪôʹûԶûиĻᣬҪô߱ɵӣΪ۾ͨŵġ
˼ĵĽͣɲҲû˵ʲô
طŻڻУ˼ͽһλʦЭĵӣطˣѶԷҪժϵɴժȬ
ǵҲǲţ¶¹Ըˣﵽλ
뿪ƫ˼ֻص
˿̵˶ȵе㼱ˣټˣЦⶼҲסˡ
λǴ𣿡
ǣһͬĶûУҪҼҶӵûϵǲŽа
˵ַһ߹һ᳤ԴʮջЩ˵Ŀģܲ޷ȡһˣҲʦЭᵹùô飬Ҫǳ޷ôʦҲûбҪٰȥˡ
ڻ᳤˼䣬˼Ѿԭλá
ǬһɵĿŹӣ˼أֻЦŵ˵ͷһҲûз֡
ߣ˾ʼٸߣ治֪ﵭĿĹӡ
λҲˣΪع۾뿪ģعӵ۾ѾɺãҪ˶þؼˡ
ļٵģڴţɣ
Գ˼ˣʱ򷢳ɡ
˼ҲǷƵǲţȺ졣
죬Ҫβÿôʰ㡣
Ⱥһ˵
˼ѭȥͿһòطеƵˣطԱߵλã˲ʱʲô
λһطŵʲôˣȶԷҪʰҲҪûǸ¡
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᳤ӣֻ¶ȥԷˡ
󣬻᳤˼˼Ż᳤ѰĿ⣬ֽ˺ݺݵһ١
԰ˮƽԣȻҪ죬Ǿͱʵһ㣬˵˵Ŀȥ
˼ɤӵλ˵ȥҺܱǸʱʮֽǧ޿ȹһɨβɻɱһƷĴʦʱжȡѪűŭЩȥʦмͬȫ˸С֪ʦЭʧ󣬸Щʦʧ󣬶Һͷһμӵ峡ɱʱÿһɱӴǻʦЭλĶԹһʹΡ
һʹĵ
һŮ˵һԡ
žͱԵ˳һѡˣǿɱ˵壬һ춼Ҫõ׽ʧܣҲܻȥġ
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599 

˵ɱ𣿡
ŮŷӦͻȻó˼Լеΰ˲١
͵ŮóݵĿȥעӳ˼ʱ򣬷Եٴ
ƾҲɱ
֪ʱѾ߽һһŮˣ˼ʶɭлλʦ
һӣٲȻ˺ˡ
Ʋ˼´󻰵ʦһü欵Ůˣ·޲ò
Ҫ˼ҲǸˣƻŮ˶ġ
⡭ⲻҵʦǧ˵СС;ưƷĵҩ޳ǵµĶżӶʦ
ϲǧϲҲΪƷʦ˵ǧ¹ϵɲŮò䰡
˵ľ
˼üȺ˲ӻعģʦЭġ
˼ҲĿǧ˵ϣȴǷѹ
ŵǾҲɣͬʱɱȻЩʧȥˣǰʦЭӦṩʮѵҩһ£ȻЧ
ԹԵ˵ţҲλϵĻ᳤
᳤һ֪˱ԣͲӦþǣǿӰ
˼Ҳʮ˵һʤ߼˼ҾǣǷǵøж˼ҵıŵӣǲҪ
Ҳͬ⡣
˼ǰһͬܿ˵Ŀⲻȥǡ
ϣ㲻Ҫ̫ҡ
ǧķ»ĸ첲ҡڵ뿪
ߺ󣬻᳤סˡλΣ
ãã
ͬ
᳤һ뿪
֮ˣʼʦЭĵӰסޣ˼ҲصԼԺӣЪһЪȥ緹
˼Ⱥ˿治ʲôˡ
ҪǺˣҵ־͵д
ֻǣаɱ𣿡
زòٻ̬ȵĿ˼
˼һ㶣漴Цûаգֻһˣ
˵ţ˼Ŀ۴⣬ȻһӰһ
ֻǴ˵ΪߣȴãĿľΪǵĻ
ǰ͵Ҳ֪˭Ľ
ߺ󣬳˼ЦĻޱȡ
Ҫڵ峡УһƷɱɣôҲ˷ҿѪ
㰡ҪʹҾϲ
ص˵˼СԴЦǺǵĽӵ뻳С
˿̣ѾصǧԺеʦЭӣϹϾ˵Ǹг˼ĺɱ
ߣҾ֪ͻᴵţ޷ǰ˵㣬˺Ƿİ
ǧΪ¾ˣƾǵ˭ܵС
ǧ˶ǣ˿⻹վԭصʦЭĵӡ
ǵӲ˲ͷϵĺŵʵѾǴϢҵıǲǡ
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ţǵӵȫؽڶʼž죬۵һͷԵڵء
ŵĿŶˣκһ㣬һ
ƭӣ᲻ú
ǵӲǿ˵һ仰˵꣬˾ˮһʧӰ١
ⵤҩҪĽȻ˵
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ааһЦ˳ֱһǧ
ǧʹһǰ죬Ͼ͵ˡ
һҵˣαЩ
ǧŴ齶ȥ
ڷһпеĳ˼أ뵹һ
˻صСԺòſڡ
Щ˵򵥡
㻳ɱЩˣ޻ޣΪҪ
ॡ
ʱŸ˴ƿ
ǬЦܼ򵥣ʦȻ츳ߣΪôǾҩŪЩˣͨǵΪȫɣȻûʬˮЩˡңǶ˵ΪĿǰѵ˾Ʒ۷ʦɽҲһš
˼׾ˣǬ޲ý˵Դ򿪺úоһ£ΪʲôҪ飬ڲ˵
ҪôңҪĪ˼޻ҲǿԼΡˣб˰һЩеͷϣ˵˵Ҫˣһʲô徻ӣһű׷ţϻ
Ǭᡣ
˼ٶȻ벻ΪȫǼ
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600 С

¶ͱȤˣҶȲҪλʦ³ˣǱЩȥˣƤǣǴҡ
شڴĿŴ⡣
˼ҲΣһ˵ܻʲô̶ȣɥ顣
˼ˣϾоԵĻˣѱ䣬Ψɱ֮
߬߬ȭͷ˼㲻Щĵ飬úúպļƻˡ
һ죬ڶҪ
ͷϵʱϹٰٺѩҳ˼˺Ⱦơ
˼ӰڶԲơ
Ϲٰټģ뵽һȤ¡
¹ӣһ顣
鷳Ϲٹ˵ʱ򣬲ҪҼҵ˼̫á
ζѣڳÿ˶Ϊʡ
˼һһأʾϹٰٿ˵ٲ˵ƴ̳ӾҪˡ
ȿȡģǶ֪ǰŮˣ˵·޹ЩɥϹټҼҴҵ󣬰·˽ӦѣֻŮ˾͡
˵ŷ̶㡢˰ɣˡ
˼һʵ
ǻˣһβõ֣Ǹޣϲĭĭиʴԣ˲ʱ𻵣ο
˼ҪȲ裬ЩǱһڲˮǺˡ
æ˼˳˼˺һǺͨˡ
Ϲٰ٣ϴŭ⡰˵ôǷ֪֪һŮˣҪòûˣһ裬Ϊٸߣ츳ٸߣҲᱻǳ˹֡ǶԣֱԵĴ˲ϲˮҲϲŮˣ¶Ҳֻ˵ǵá
Ϲٰжݣæų˼ǸǸҲȡЦǣֻͬǣһ
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˼˰֣Ϲٰ۴¡
Ϲٰû뵽˼ȻȵŮˡ
ȴһֱڶϹٰ٣·Źһ˿ԼŮ˵С˼
ѩһֱһߵĵֻģȵеĲˮ󣬾һˡ
ѩһߣϹٰûĵܿҲˡ
ʣ³˼ضʱ˼Ҳ̲סϲſڴЦʲô͵ʴףá
ҲΣӣʲôʱҲѧǰһףһס
ôģΪʲôղŲ˵˵һȻӡ
ͲˣʱѩҲҪʲôȵ飬ҪǰνԼҪ֪ѩҿǼļõĴƹҵóϷС
ƭˡ
غݺݵһ³˼Ķ䡣
˼ʹ˵ʵ˰ɣ
˼Ŷ䣬С죬һСϱģϲֺޡ
ϹٰΪҪ̽ЩҲ֪֪ʾãҲ⡣ͬģ飬շϣҲҪôȻȻҾʹ϶ҳߡ
˼ͷٿص۾ؼ⻰˵̫飬ʼƤˡ
ˬЦҵ˼ҲʼΪˡ
˵ţҪȥ˼
˼һ򣬺־Ŀܡպڣ
ʲôأǼһ˿ͷ˶ߣһ£˵СԴһ쵽ʲô
Ƴ˼Դ
˼ᣬ⻰ôԼԼҷ˵ġ
˼˰Σ˼ˡ
ðԭѧҡ
˼ȥصæ㿪
ҴˣҰɣҪӰ޵Ľȡ
ڷ֣ò֡
˾ǵڷ͵ǧޱȵǧӣߣһԧˣӮˣŮš
ԼŮΪһС¶ŭֱΪչüͷ
ǧٹǵĶˣҲȥްɣ
ᡣ
ǧߵĿ֣Ϊȹ󣬲Сߵ˷ϵһƬ
˽һѸٳɫæߡ
ߺ󣬳˼Ҳֹͣ˴֡
ʲôʱǵġ
ϹٰǻʱǾѾˡ
Ϲٰô˵
˼нϹٰٺѩһ顣
ֹ˹γ˼ıӡ㰡ҪܣõնˣǾ÷ϵССɾӦԡ
ðɣ˯ˣˡ
˼תһ·Сܵ齣ƿӾͰԼһӣֻ¶һССԴ
-

601 ɿݽ

ֱӼȥһԼȦڻ
ȻѾ죬мȣһ˼ǺԼľ
ܺú𣿡
û˻Ӧ
ֹһԱ㴫Լҷƽȵĺ
˼൱Ūʲô¶ѽԼһӣΪޣ˼Ҳû¶ʵ̫ˡ
֪˶ã˼Ҳ˯ˡ
磬˼Ǳһѵġ
۾ͿһԼ
ӦϴٳԷ𣿡
ȳԷϴ㻹𣿿ݵģɱʱŮҲݲģʲô
ض룬ɵĿó˼ӡ
ԭҪԼޣΪʲôķһ쵽޵飬ͷۡ
ſ죬·ιļ࣬ڸŴ㣬ò˵ҷԽԽˡ
û֣ձˣԺɣ
õҶֳɵģҪҲǳԣֻԡ
ذͷǶȿԼҷ˼ǸԭҲҪүҲ㺢ʱ
࣬زſϷų˼ϴ
ϴϣ˼һǳ̵ȹӣͷһǶʯĽװΣۼ
ؿóˣЦ
˼˿Լʱĸ̬ʵﲻ𣿡
ǳʣҵ˼ô綼ÿ
ƶˣǿȥ㳡ٲȥҪٵˡ
˼ƿߡ
æϣһºԼɢ̬
˹㳡ѵִ
˼ǧ㲻Ҫٵ
ߣװʲôװȻ᳤ųô˵һҲ˼һԡ
ǧüԣһ˼Ը
˼ǧȥŮ˵Ǵһ·ҲĲɷ
˼ΪŮˣҲǶǧò̾ޱȡ
ҪǸִ϶ҪΪģǵġ
ֻǸʱȫѾս״̬ǰʮĻó
Ƽ˼ͶݹʶĿ⣬ǧǸȸһ߰ͷ˵Ǹ˭Ҫ˵ʲôɣ
˼Ӧʱ˿ܣִҶڿԼ
һʱ䣬̵ģ·ĿҲ˼֡
˼һֱܷǷǷܱǸˡ
ֻҪ¹ƳɱܶǮǶ򡣡
ǰ¹ﻹǰ˼ϰɣһ㶼Ҫ

ܿ죬бά˼
ǧҧһҲǧ㣬û㵽˼Ȼġ
᳤Ҳǵȼˣ¸̨֣صе峡ڿʼ
뵽֮ǰɭ᳤ֵðգֻܼӿ̡
ȵ˿ʼ᳤ֳһԵĶϿȥŽʡǸǬûȥţһʱô졣
᳤Ѿȥˡ
ȥ˾ͺá
᳤һ
̨µݱĽţǧλʦУһֱ¯ڼӸֲ
˼ǽҪõֲһԵķŽȥڼ䲢δ¯
רעĶɻѣɱƵģ֪ܲ
Ѳ˼ѹɱһġ
ǧ뵽һ㣬ٴ̲ס˵¹Ҫ仹˵һҪȵҩ¯Ļĸҡ
᳤Ĺǲǽֹ˵
˼ûдǧŤͷڸ̨ϵĻ᳤
᳤ΪΣǧǸϲڵ
ǵģҪ˵䣬ֱ
᳤ǧܻĽ˦
⵵ӹأǧŵòٿԹĿʱʱȥɳ˼
ؽеϸȫУһ˫ȭͷ߬ס޲ýʱǧͷ
ϹٰٿһһŮҲǲ˳ۣ¾͸ҵͬһ㣬ƤĴյѹɤҪⳡȥһԧ졣
ҳҩ
뵽ϻرϹٷץ˸زɵþ뵱ڻǾȥɣ
ϹٰҲЦԡ
ѩȥԸˣɵó˳ǡ
Ȼ˶ʲôƲ磬Լ˺á
ɱƹʮ˴磬ͣû¯
˳Ż᳤ڵķȥ˻᳤ǰ
ǧȿ˿ڡɱƵʱڿȥϢ߳Է˾ٻ
ţӹȻҪҪݽһ¯ҩɾͻˣϾ޵ѪҺҲ֮ףȥɣλģǵ¯᳤ţκлɳˡ
᳤˻֣ʾ˸ɢȥ
-

602 ˼

ǶˣʣµˣҲܶŸ¯Ҳ׷׻صԼסǸóԳԣúȺȡ
᳤ɨһ̨ɢɢĿͣҲվԵһڳϵ˺ţĪҪӡ
ǣ᳤ġ
һһӦ
ûһ᳤Ҳˡ
ǻ࿴۶Էиġ
Ȼ᳤ˣǻʲô
㣬ʦʦǺ¯ûС
Ͻһλŵӹһ
ŵӱϹϾĵ˵ͷǣϷġ
һӣҲ뿪ء
ϡĳϡ峤ϡÿһһǲ˱¯ԼҲԴظˡ
ſտҲĸ̨ΧǱԹߵĵطҲǿһˣһӲɵ̾˿Ҫ˶⸱УʦЭһֱ
˵˻ˣŵŵѦգҲǶָɵĿظˡ
ʦ֣ͱԹ԰ˣüʦܿţȥȾưɣ
ʱɢ̬֮˳Ѧյķ
Ѧսüһ壬ǽЩһ飬ʼն˼֮ͬ顣
ʦǣô˵Ͻ¯ְ𽻸ңҾӦ飬ҪȾǺȱǣ
ʦ֣ŵӣȹʦֺͶʦ֣֪Ϊʲô𣿡
һӼĿѦա
Ѧձ鲻һԼǵòȻĴʦֺͶʦ֣Ͳһ
ɶǣЩʦǻҪʦȽϣֱ̫
Ϊʲô
Ѧѹ˶Ѧ֮мӵŭ
ӵЦĶ㲻ơʦǣᵽ쳾Ȥ׻˵ĺã쳾̸ֺ
쳾̸
ѦĬĬ⻰һ飬Ȼʦܣ˵ⷬһġ
Ȼʦܷǲܵġ
Ⱦƿԣľˡ
ģֻǵĺȾƣʦЭᣬֲ̻Щνʦѽ
ȥѦյļ
ѦӶıܿ漴ŵļ˵ǶҿˣûС
ǣʦ֡
ͬ
Ѧһڼλʦܵߥ£Ҳ뿪ء
Ѧߺ󲻾ãŵİ˸Ůӣ࿴˱˴һۡ
һŮӶ߶µ˵λһҪ𣿡
ôȻδǧλϣõһЩľ顣Ҫûǵľ鸨Ҫγͷء˵ʦţп⻰ǰǣֲã۵ʦҲ͸ŲѵɵĽɵĻȥ𣿡
һӷ
ֱ䣬ǷƽбԨȥ
ЩΪԼСֻ֪֪֪ȴ룬е˫۾ѾһĻ
ڰϹٰٺѩ˵ʲô飬ֻ㽵ʦЭҲˡ
תһ룬ЩνľƱлԣƲ¶
ǿȥ¶˼
ѩʮֽҲ֪ЩͿ˼¯ʲôʹ¯Ҫըȶ
Ƿ飬ôƳĵҩͲܼ򵥵ĳ֮ΪɱˣǶǸµĶ
𼱰Ҳӵ㶫¯
˵Ϲٰ٣ǲв˼Ҫ˰𣿡
˵㱿㻹ϡǻΪʲôԳ¹¯֣¯ĴԺú룬Ļʹǲʦ
Ϲٰϸѩһ¡
ѩ˼Ƭ̣γѡԭˣɶļһҲԲǺù
˵ô죬ġ
ѩתֿϹٰ١
Ϲٰٳѩգգ۾ѩŵ˼㡭ʲô
ʲôòã˼ƣͿԸԸˡ
˦֣ϹٰٱһϷƵĿѩ
ѩһڣĲ˵ֻҪ˼¶ҲˣֲʲôƻŮԼҷԶҲ֪Щ顣
ţѩѾſ¯ĵȥ
ϹٰҲûţѩȥʩչ˼ƣҲóźɫĵҩ
ⵤҩżȻõģֻҪӵҩ˵һţһ£ͻֶӡ
ͬʱѩѾŤ֫ߵһĵߡ
λС磬п᳤гǣҾһ㣬ôһ˶ˡ
еǱѩѩòʾѣߵ⼸ʦ޷ȵģвɵþһ㱣
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603 Ͷ

λС㣬᳤ͳǶȥϢˣǹٹʱͿԿˡ
һһаЦĿѩ
ѩ߬ƣΪ˴룬ͽ˸ж˿ˣȻ棬ŵ磬ⶼʲôѽ
һʱ䣬ѩʼʦЭżˣǲһ֣ܽˣʦЭỹһȤĵط
̣ѩǿһ˿΢ЦԭǾͶЩλСˡ
˵գѩҪߡ
Щѩȥ˻еӣѩһ˼ıԺȥ
ʣµֻĸŮӣ׷ԹĿⶢѩ
Ҳ֪ðĺӣͬ˵Ļˣᡣ
ڰϹٰپûˣϷһʯӣŮæ׷ȥ鿴
ᣬϹٰźɫĵҩֱͶǧ¯ڡ
ĸŮӸϻϹٰѾɹͶ˵
һߣѩƫƧԺĸеӣһĹǸλǣƵŮ˾Ͳˡ
ӳճյĿǰĿأ
֪Ĵҿ
еȻʼڱԺĴˡ
վڷ֮ϵѩĿЩ˵ΪǹһĨЦ
ΪҲֻܵʦˡ
ĳ˼ԼСԺ￪Сʱ򣬳˼˿ռ䣬һӵĺòˣһӣְѲ˷һ֣ͷһá
˼Ϊؼһ齴ţ⡰ǸʲôΪˡ
ƷڵĴʦ
˼һ٣𾪵Ŀءô֪ġ
ģǸʱƷˣҪƷٴ棬˷Դ
سų˼еԼţ⣬ֻر㣬󣬻ӷŵ˼¡
˼һѰ˼Ҳô£ûپۡ
ʱԶĽŲ𣬳ŷأüͷ

ڶ
˼ЦȥţϹٰٺѩʱЦ䡣
ɣڳ緹һ԰ɣ
ѩӣ϶ʱֳЦ⡰˼ԼİɣҺŵѩ̡βƻпֵζˡ
ʲôβơֵģʲô
ϹٰȻԳ˼ʱʱóһЩûԹĶ಻֣ЩϡŹֵĶǻһѡ
֪ˡ
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Ϲٰٶһ߽űĹ۲һִյ˱ǰᣬкüֹ㣬׾ƵϢ˵ķҷűڣָ⡣
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СһڣϹٰٵǲš̫úˣֻûʲô
˵ţϹٰپͽβƵϺȣһٷҲжʮ
رʮƣϹٰٺô༦βƣĪͺ
극ϹٰٲŽоβƵĺ󾢶
ͷֻת
⡭ԭк󾢶ˣҪȥ˯ˡ
Ϲٰһ·ײײԼķߡ
˼浣ٿô˵ϹٰٶѣҲĲ˼ҡ
ʵû취˼ȥء
ܿ˼ߣ˼һټֻ֣ͦ
ȥɣ
л
˼ĵ㵸
һĻУ
ǣϹٰٵҲɵ˴
߰ɣ
ϹٰȻˣʶȴѵģܹȷоֱۣһŮ˵
۵Ҫǵų˼ѩ棬ֲ÷ֻһ·š
ҪԼķǰʱϹٰҲ̲סͺһȥأǲвб¾͸ĴһܣʲôӺɷ򡣡
ϹٰٳԼ֣ƿ°һֱ۵һˣƤһС顣
һĻϹֻٰǰһ˹ȥ
Ϻ̫ƣģĳ˾ˤһ˲档
ʮֽĲ˲ĳ˵ļȻһϵ˷䡣
һкؾȻ񫣬ͽȿ˵ĲеĲҶһϹٰٵͷϡ
ȵﳤȥϹٰٴ۾أҵţҾͲǧˣҾҸѸͷϣˣ㻹ʲôټ¹
գϹִٰһãλƵվ̱ڴϺ˯˹ȥ
صԼСԺأѩڳʲôˮ֮ٶϮ
ˣҲˣǲǸǵŮ˺úϢˡ
⻰ѩУʹѩһ졣
漴Ȼĵı顰ν±ɶģԤףλŮ
˵꣬ѩ˼ΪˮɳѾӾܣһᱻĳ˸
-

604 ӷ

˼Ҳߺһؾѩ⻰˵ĵûɻδڣͷ㴫һöĺŽ
Ǽϵ˼ѾϢò緹ҪϢȥ峡ûټȥıҪˡ
ɷ羰аһ䣬ϻЦſԼӡ˼ȥ
š
˼˵ͷϲ÷Ƿ
ķÿÿĵطǷˮ
⣬Ȼǳ˼ء
Ŀ֮£ķֿ
˼ߵԼ¯ǰǻصԹߵϯλʼΪԼĬĬ͡
һĻǧУġ
˼ÿξ٣лûʦЭᡣ
ǧסų˼һۡ
˼С㣬ʦЭʦЭæ֤λ
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ǧҭ˸۳ܣ˼ʺòȲ˼֮ܶ˼ֵĶҪ
ֻԼĲϰˣԽ룬ǧԽߡ
ţ˭Цδ֪أ
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˼֪ܲ˵СҷѾ¯ں󱻼ӽȥĶ
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Ҳ˵ǧһСʵǶġ
ֻǣ˼е㵣ǧˣҲ֪Ϲٰǵ¯ʲôҪǷ˻ٵҩĶǿһͨæˡ

ʱһһŮ¯˲Ϳˡ
֮ƮɢƷƷҩҩ㡣
ģСӣĽɱƳɹˡ
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˼ΪԼΪƷƷĵҩתƷƷҩ
ʵҲ򵥣еĳ֮Ķǿй¯ڣôƳĵҩͻ½Ʒס
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ֻڿƷƷɱ󣬻᳤ʧȥ£ڴĿų˼
˼ݸһЦĵǣҪû᳤һڳʧˡ

˼һ¯Ҳˡ
˶ɴ۾κһ㾫ʵĻ档
Ȼ˼ƵĲƷƷҩһƶûеɱǲţͻŵҲ޵ģܳɹվҪۡ
ôᣬôĵҩĪڲ׾
᳤૵һ
ȴ˺ӣ˼ֻ²ô¹ﶼҪۻˡ
ϵĻû᳤γѡ
ǰҪǳ˼ƳƷļƷҩǺüƵ֣Щծˣ
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ǧҲʲôˣֻڣȴ˸ΪӴδ
ʱ᳤Ѿ˼Լˣ˼ԴȴһҲδ
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ǧеҩװƿΪɨһ۸̨ˡ
ҲɻĪ˼ڲ׾Ϻͻ᳤Ƕ֪һС
̶һ˲˺ܶ࣬ɾǲ֪˼Щֵûɵĵط
Ƶɱȫɣ
Ż᳤һ¡
˷׷ԼƵĵҩ̨ɱǣǧֻ˼˱ס˲ӡ
ҶӺۣҪȥéҩȥɣ
ʮĿǧĵŮƽʱӵģôؼʱ̵ӡ
û취ʱ򲻵òЭ
Ҳ˽ˣ˼ŲϹٰ֮ҩ
ԭһ±ֶӵҩֻһ㵤ҩζγһϡ
ӹǧĵҩҲé
ҶҲۣô¡
üͷԼһǳ˲ӡ
ǶӵѾԽܿƵķΧ
Ȼ˵һ죬˶Ŀͣǧϡ
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ˡ
Ż
˼ЦˣڲЦһЦˣƱػ˳׽ӡ
ҪľǣǾģ־ò
ַһӿͷͻǸӷա
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605 ڻƻ

ʲôó
Χ۵ˣ˿̵עȫͻĳζˡ
ϲɰʵ׵ˣһ·ţŵǧߡ
˶ʱμˣǽҩϸ᳤̨ͳǿģȴҪʱé
ӵıǣǻͣطƨȻѾܲ죬ǹӳȴ޷Ƶͷš
ǣȥڸʲôó
һ˱ĵĿһǧ
ǧϾŮˣƤһª˵һ䣬ľܲˡ
˵ʲôأ㼸²ϴ裬ɢֵζ
ǧָ˲ϧһҡ
ҲǳصģۣʱˡƤ˵ЩǸɾٰѽлӵϰϿۣŲҴҡ
Ƥ־ȥǧǧǼϣ޲ܵéȥһͨ
Ƥһƣһûվˤڵأͬʱһ쳹ص쾪˲ˡ
ţһɶӭ
ȴǵص˶֪ʱѾݻƻ裬Ǵ۵һĻòŮʼŻˡ
ȥûиһ˻ֶӡ
˵ˣҪ뿪̫ˡ

˵áָ𣬵صǧֻһɡ
ûһ֮Ƶĸоˡ
һ죬ڳľ󲿷ˡ
˿̾ãԼģҪȢ޵ŮˣȻһ̣ôԼŻ
ȥﶪ𣿡
ŭɶĿǧ䣬һ˿顣
ǧͷһᣬֱҪȥ
ٶ㿪ϣҽŲ֪ʲôһһԵڵء
ûĳ˼þòԸ뿪ȻŮӦãǵʵڲ˹ͣΪζʵ˽ܲˡ
ʱϹٰȻ˳˼ߣͷһ㽶ҪҪԵ㡣
ԣ˾ʺϳԶ𣿡
˼һϹٰ٣˲׵ʱǷǳǷġ
ȵȣʲô㽶
˼ҵΪʲôȻˤԭԭµĲȵǸ㽶ƤϹٰӵġ
벻㻹ͦȤζġ
˼ЦЦĿһϹٰ١
Ϲٰټ˵㲻ÿƺֳ˲١
˼˼Ƭֱ̣߽ӴС춼ųŷ͡
⻹ǻƻ޺ãڶѽ
֪Ϊʲôˤࡣ
Ϲٰٵٴ
˼ʾֲԼƵĶҩҪ֪
ܼ򵥣һéȴֲʱᾡܵšʱһ˵ȫעβéϣһӵط⵽شעһиҲ͸иôͿ֪ˡ
Ϲٰٽǧܵ飬͵ͷͷǵɵþϹٰ
Ŷ˻ãҲ̲סˡ
ߵм䣬Ľ˸Ϲٰ٣ܲܲҪ˵Щĵ飬ҪΪ㣬ǽ컹ܺʵĿ¶ȫ㡣
˼ߡ
˵ţؾͰѳ˼ϢСԺ
ƺõƷɱѾʦЭĵӴ᳤ͳˡ
᳤յ˼ĵҩҲٴǧǿ첽뿪˴˵أԼСԺ
᳤һߣҲߡ
أоʣڲƻǧˡ
ֵֶһʱˣȫһûУʶȴޱȵ
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ѾصСԺĳ˼ж·Ц
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˼ǾúܺЦЦһԺ￪Сȥˡ
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¹ӡ᳤ȥһˡ
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606 򶾵

ҲΣλǴһ𣬽˾ǵ
һ󣬶ظȥˣڶᷢʲô飬Ͳˡ
˼һͿʹ಻˵ֱסӣƺӺܲ
᳤һ˼͸Լ׹Ůһ
¹һƣԴǳǧƵɱ󣬾˲ʮεé浣ٳʲô¶֮ǰѾùˡ
᳤ų˼
˼üͷһ壬ƵɱȻƷǣЧеģЩ˵ãֱӳǧƵɱ
Ƶɱģ֮ǰǧֱ֣֤ݡ
Щˣ붼ȥԣڳԳ⣬Ӧǧô¡
ҪЩβãˣڹǲҲ
ţ˼Ҳµ᳤ֱӿżɽ᳤Ӧǧǿ
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˼пЦ͵ʴװ
˼ԥ᳤һתĳ¹ǵ޹أûκǣҲǧϡ
᳤Ҳ˼ˣǾͰǿɣ
˼һЦ漴ߵһߡ
˶ڣѾʮδȥéˣڹϣȻһûҪŮӣⲻǶ
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ɷϵǣ֮ǰ᳤Ҳ˶ҽĳϸ˵޴󰭣ֻˮҲû˵Ѫ¶
Ĺһ˵ԸĲ֢
λԣλҽȾҰɣ
˲һתҪų˼ݡ
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Ӳ㣬Ҫ֪жϥлƽ𡣡
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һڣҲ׷Ч¡
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˵ţ˼ȥ᳤
᳤һĭ漴ų˼ָ˼ҡҡͷָָ˼ŵͷ
˵ֻĻⲻ֪ѿһС
ǻ᳤ҲһʺôһʦЭλϲ֪¡
ò˵ʦЭĳǺͻ᳤һУֻҪкôԶԼһռС
¹˵Ĳ򶾵ֲʦЭȷûУҪˣֻǡ
᳤˵һ룬ϵЦⶼϵˣЩ˻ûʲô˼
˵ˣ򶾵ֲǳϡȱһֲҪһƽ𣬶򶾵ҪһֲҲ˵һҪһƽô˳ʵɱ˵ԼƷҪƷѣϾʦЭˡ
᳤˵ǽһʹ
˼վһֱɵۣ˵׬ÿһƽˣû뵽᳤һھһ
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607 컯

˼ңҿ޳ǣҪڵ򣬲֪жϰҪ˻
ҲǾã᳤ôˣð׬Ǯˣô˵Ҫл᳤
˼ҪˣͲùǣİ취
УҩǶϷзִ硣
˼ִҪ򶾵ϾнӲӵĽΪͰ˭Ҫ
һһǵҪֻһҪ󣬲᳤֪𲻴Ӧ
Ǹó˼һҧ㽫Ǭ˳
᳤һ˫۾ȫװ˽ӵǬϣѵ˵ʲôҪֻҪ̫֣ҶӦ
κңҪʦӵӣϾҲǰƷʦҲҪǵְֻͰˮһ£պ󻹻᷸ͬĴҲΪǵδǡ
㣬ֻǱʦЭķӾС
᳤һӣǽһʽ׳ɹɡ
ŵڶʵģ᳤öԷģǷ˵պʦЭĵȥá
ʵЩǷҲѹû뻹ǾͲȺʦĺ׷ǲɡ
ܿ죬᳤ֱ߾ͶһСɽôߵǬ
˼ɨһۣƽˡ
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Լӵһ˫۾ðǣزɵó˳ǣжϲǮ
᳤λѣȻȥϢֲҪ᳤ɹˣֲҵӾͻΪƷҩ򶾵
Ǿͳ¹ˡ
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ʵǵݣռһģ˺ռͻᱻռеС編Ĩɱ
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608 

ǵĶӡ
˶ɵˣѾĿܣڤʶ¹ӣû뵽ǣڤϾȻǺٰͯġ
̶̼¶ѾԺתһ顣
ˣҪл¹ˡ
¹֮ҵʦ֮ܶһ˶ҵĶ飬ⱲӶ޷Ժǡ
ס졣
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˼ǰһֻа벽֮ң
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죬˵ԺҪκŵΪһ̤֮·˵ÿһŵᱻӹܣҪͻԶĨɱҰ㣬ǾֵҰҲ뿴㱻۸˵ǷģӦû㲻ӣЩ۸˺úÿ
лл¹ӣλСӡ
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˼൱˿ͷѾ֪ʱ·Уˣ˼ģֹβɡ
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«УҪ¹򣬳˼Ϊÿα˸¹ԼǸѾ˺ܾõˡ
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ܿ죬Ѫ㱻«ˣ«㻯һ̹ûüģüλһƬΪϸСĺ«־Ǵ˵е񽫶
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ٶȳŶǷǷ㻯һ̹ʧӰ١
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Ҫˣǽȥռ䣬ҪţŻл㶹ۡԣҶþûЩˡ
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ǰϹٰҲϰɣ
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⻹ࡣ
ȻһЦ
˼ﵽ˼㣬ΪķϲԴףķҪǸִ²Ҫİ˵ŮǣͻΪɣ
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¹ϴ˵ţҲֵȼĵѩţ⣬ɷ񡭡
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609 ͵

¹ҵĵϥǣѣҾٻһҲֵˡ
ϥǾˣҼӾϲ˵ǣҪҪȡҼհ
ŵϹٰٵһ¡
ʵǸһĪĿֲ֮Уãÿͳ˼˵仰˾ͻŭ
ҾǿЦЦѡ
Ϲٰټװ˿ȣ⽫۾⵽
ˣѩݣھͽȥ
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ѩ·Ϲٰߵʱ򣬲һ۶ԷֻҪ¹ȥԺóԵģʹ졣
ʲôƢ֪Ī˵İˣһƯŮˣٱֻҪͳ¹˵䣬ݽ֮飬ͻᱻĳеĴմȾ
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ѩҲڰңԼǸŮˣҪǸеģѾ˲һǧΡ
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Ĳˣǧ˵֪򶾵ɽ֮һֶȻЧܲܱʱȥé
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㿴󴰿ˣҵ׿ڸң˼ءϹٰٻǸѩȫ䣬ҺðζûгΪˣҲŸҽΣǶҪõ򶾵ĵڳ˼ǰ棬򶾵ƳѾһˣˣǵһǧɡ
ָűͨĴ˵
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ԼĪһʱ̱ڵϴڴ
ŮˣһӳԵĶûһá
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ǧһûмĳʳɵǷǡ
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˿̵ĳ˼ŰϺ⣬˼ĽͰƸء
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ŲŲλã㽫ϸߵСɽƵǰ
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ͥãܵСʱȷʵɰͷܵܲϲ磬ϲģͲʹˡ
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һٷĹͥ˺ܶ飬ջǿ˿ڡ
ҸѾ߻źܵܰɣ
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СˣѾǹȥǸСˣ˼ѾĹ·ܷͼǿؼˣ˵ǵŮʮ˱ǡ
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˼ЦΪӵĸףô֪ܲͥĿԡ
ҪȻΪܰ˵Ǿ仰СҲһʱɰһ㣬˾˷ˡ
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һû˱ȷСʣ㵱ΪĿռǲг¶ԶҪᡣ
˼òǷС˾̸ΪֱӾܾͥĽ顣
ͥһᣬޣһˣΰֳͻ˲ܵԺ
˼ԼĻЧȥѵ
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ԣԣҪԽĶ
æԼֿɵľһСè
˼ۣʲôƢʲô֪Ǿǽͷлһ
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˼ҪԼһƣȴǱԼҷ߬סˡ
ʾ˼Ҫ˵תλӽд̵
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610 һ뵤

ò˵ȷ˳˼ֹ֪Ĵûһͱظסˡ
˵ģٹͰ⹫Žӵס
ţӦ㡣
ֹ˹Сޱ
ʵҲûףĸˣһӶԭҪǻطܻ᲻ϰߡ
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ĽʲôԶվԼߣһѡ
극˼ֶһͥչ˴󣬱ƵϹٰٻѩ뿪ҩռ䡣
ʱһڳ˼Ϣķ䣬Ｆɹǽ󣬳˼ʱЦˡ
ڳԷʱͲ˽ǵķ䣬淭ǳ졣
Ϊ˲һ˳Էĺ飬һ̡
û뵽ʱ򣬻ǱǰһĻ
˭ģץסҪܡ
سſŭһ˫Ҳ˶һðɭȻĺ
ɲʼٸ𣿡
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˵žҪߡ
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ϸһ룬Ҳô¡
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˵ĵȷȷƳɱҲܽġ
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Դˣ˼һҲ⡣
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Ϊˣ˼;ãһҪĳߵĸһ㣬ȴһ㣬ҪȻͻǾãƷ򶾵Ƶ̫򵥡ֲֵǸˡ
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ʦռĿ˵ѾʦЭ˦˼ϡ
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򶾵ַͬͶֲ˳ޱȡ
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ĵ쵤䣬û黹ܸǶƼ
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ֻǵдһ룬ʹ˽ҩռ䡣
ԣǾǸʱȥ͵򶾵һ뵤
뵽˼һ
ĳЩΪԼһˣʱʱų˼ֱĵı顣
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611 ˮƽ

ɵӣҪճ
˼ЦЩжˣҲʲô֮һζҲûʲôܲٻȥͲܹܵ˵ġ
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Ҫ˵ǧƳҲԣǳƳĵҩҲųһϼʮéĲ״
ԣҪҲҪԳ¹Ƴ򶾵
Ҳô˵ʱʦЭĳǼҩǷܳԺٳԡ֮˭Ҫţٳʲôӣ˭ˡ

˼Ȩû
ǧ鲻ѣֻһʱͿԿ¯ȡˡֻǳ˼ڲͣ¯ǿķ
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ҿǻӰɣҪٳʲôӣǾ߲ʦЭˡ
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ˡʲôԼһ¯ҩ¯ըٽҲ𣿡
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֪˿̲νͣôĲ԰
ȥģһУΪǸŮ˵ĳ֡
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ܵһĨڶԼ˼ʶľ硣
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ţǧ˱¯ըľ˸ɣһԵʱ赲ֻǱһ¯Ƭֱۣ¯˶ûʲô󰭡
ߵĿܾǧˣˤһ˲治˵һ¯ƬжͷڹĶͷϸһ糤˿ڡ
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֪˶ãȿ¯Ľ򶾵װһƿк󣬱һλʦЭĵӳȥ֤
˼ޱȵļһ㶼ġ
Ƭ̣ϷȻָͰˮ򶾵ˣȫǾ綾ֶȥĪ˵Զˣֻ˵㵽װʲôģߣ㣬ǾԵЩǲϴ֮õʦԼ֯ЭᣬͳʦЭᡣ
ϣҽͣٺúÿһģҵ⣬ô¹
죬ţ˸ҹʦ׽ٴˡ
ǲܹңŮ˸ҵĵҪץץˡ
תָ̱ڵصǧ
ģ̌۾۵Ĳš
ûǵˣΪ˱ȫԼϧԨ
ߣҶǲǸˡ
ȻƬ֮ʣˣͰˮʦˡ
˭˲֪һ˴ʦǵΣʱ򣬲ʧ˫ʧǴۣƼٵҩҩĴۡ
˼ҲǺ֪ʦЭôȨɽ޳ǵƭʦΪʦؽΣԶˡ
֪µĳ˼ȻãʦЭỹڵģֻϣʦЭԽԽãΪ츣
һСķ粨ڳ˶ˣÿ˶ϣͶ˳˼ϡ
һȴĿ⣬˼̵ֻˡ
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¯¯Ǻһɵ˰Уţٿɢźڹ򶾵ɳ
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ֻһβû򶾵׽٣Щҩʹղ
⡭ǾоŵƵƷƷ򶾵ֻһţܶ޳ǵˣȷҲǽ֮ĵҩ
̨ϵĳϼվ˿̿˼񣬷ڿһ
һ֮ǰλ¹ڲ׾ĿҲΪʰͰˮʦ
񶯲Ʒҩ׽ٺˮƽǳ¹ˮƽ
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612 ǮҪ

ңѾǮˡ
ңܲˣֶӣӡ

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˼ҩպãʱ᳤ͳǲŽ
˵ƷҩˣǾŵƵƷƷҩ᳤룬֪ǳ˼ġ
ǹؼʱ᳤̣˵ʲôҲҪִ֡
λĪţһһ
᳤סζȺ
ȻżҩʦЭĻ᳤ˣǻҪӵġ
˼ˣҩ᳤һ˱߳ȺԼСԺȥ
ѳɣǱʲƵķֳɻ᳤˳µõˡ
صСԺҲæء
Ҽҵ˼ִ׬һʡ
ǮҵҲģô⡣
˼ǣص°ڣһ˫üͷ΢ʲô
زϲԼӳ˼棬ϲȥЩһ˳ܵʹ;
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˼̧ͷĿԼҷǳɹǮʲôĵһ϶ҲõҲҷ׬Ǯԭ֮һ
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˲Ҳûܴ޷ԭеĻ֮ϣЩСֶΰˡ
ȻһѻزΪ˳˵ҲѰ죬ΪЩ飬Ҳˡ
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˼һЦ᳤ֻ˵
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Ҫʻ᳤ˣĿǰΪټɱҪ˶ñܳɹô׬ôǮʲô
᳤˼ʵһ죬Ҳûų˼¹֪ǷˣҲܵҪ֪ƶжôĿ£ҪǸǲܡ
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Ȼǻ᳤һֲٰģҲһ˽ôռˣ֡
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ȥϵʱ򣬶Ͼǲߣ۰Ͱ͵Ŀų˼ó˼һļƤ
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613 ֵĺ

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죬һ֣һĸоֱˡ
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ȥԺ̸ɣģû˻͵
˲ţԺﻹסϹٰٺѩڣҪ͵ʲô£ûʲô
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ִܶͥԼĴӻߴŮǸѧϰϣһǸˣͥѡ̥
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˲ãǺǾͽԼ͵СӸˡ
װһСһСϡŹֵĶŽе򿪡
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ȿȡԭⶫԽ˵ȼü֮СΪʲôóΪôõء
˵ţؾֵһ³˼š
˼ʹɫǺ죬ĵֶ˵ܸǵʱķֻô
Ȼִ˺͹Ŵ˾˵ǣĽҪԸ߹ˡ
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614 ˭Ȣ

磬˼һЩʦȫʦЭˡ
Щˣһ˵ҪһСΪЭǣڿ᳤ױź󣬲Žôһ¡
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һӮˣܵõһƬȫֲ԰ˣҲܹõܶô
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˼΢΢һ조ô
˼ʶǣΪմ׿顣
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ȻҲǲ˼ʵģԾڴˣ˼Ҳ֪Էν⡣
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615 ֺ

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ģ˼Ҳ뿴Ůħܿʲô̶ȣͻȻеССڴˡ
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616 һλ

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ʦ˼ǵûбΪѣһõΪʦЭ˹⡣
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ȵ˼뿪ʱ򣬻᳤һ·СŸ
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˼һ㶣ĵǣ᳤Ǹ˾ҪӦʲô飬֪᲻󷢡
ŸЩʦ㲻絤ҩ󣬿һóȥǶǼֵģǮҲһ򵽡
ʻ᳤ʲô¡
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᳤˴֣Цġ¹㵱ʦЭĸ᳤ģҲ㴦κ£͹ҸһʦЭĻơںôʦЭֲñȡҪж١
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뵽ҶҲ뵽ˣģǲǻǬ˭£Ǭǡ
˼ˣƽʱûµʱ򣬾ǬʦЭ߶߶һͲٴʦЭ⣬ҲԵң᳤Ҫʱ򣬾ͰѴ˵صԼֲ⡣
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»᳤ȥϹŲõЦݣһ˵ĸо
һ᳤ϵã̲ס˸Ц
᳤ĪҪˣǴǺϲ𣿡
һ㣬Ҫʹһ˵¶أ
᳤һΣ漴˵¹ｫʦЭʷһŮ᳤ҪʦЭ⣬ҪҪõʲôֲֻҪʦЭȡǾҪ˼ҵĵ󡣡
᳤䣬бը˹
Ҳͬ⡣
Ҳͬ⡣

ڶ೤У峤ϺͶԼϵĳ⣬ȫֳ֧˼᳤
᳤ֵ֪ء
һᣬһ۵ɨȺ
ڳϵϢģ׷״ͷ˵
ڿʼڶԵˣһὫ֮ʦЭá
᳤ꡣ
Ϻ峤ϸŸ᳤ֻ֧͡һо
᳤Ƴһ۶ˣĵǣǳͷ˵ʲôҲվԼһߡ
ˣ᳤Ĳ£Ϊõ飬Ҳ߼ˣȨŲλãˡ
Ʒת䣬Щͬꡣ
Ҳͬ¹ﵱ᳤
ԣǶͬ⣬¹ﲻһ;辪ˣһλŮӣʦЭĸ᳤ʦЭҡ
Щ޺Ϳ佱᳤ǴѽƱڴĻ
ֻҪţܴ׬ȡĽǮῪĵĲҪҪġ
Ŀⴥ̰Ŀʱɵó˳ǣҺǷָϺ峤ϣĹϵָһ㣬Ҳˣָϣˡ
صСԺ󣬳˼鲻һνһ»ʳ
Ҽǵÿռеĳɽͷ˲ҰˣȥһЩӳԡ
ã˵һûԹҰڽأ
ضԳԵĴޣǳԹԼķȥóԼ٣е㲻Ӧˡ
˽ҩռ䣬δڿռ䷢ͥ
˼ЦСӿ϶ˣʱҾͶһ㣬ŵϣǻˣ϶ῪĻ
-

617 򸴺

ƽʱɽͷͼһƬ̵ܸܸïʢ̾ڴˡ
ЩˣһЩ
ôòҪһ԰ɣ
ǳԱˣһЩһˡ
⻹ࡣ
ؿĵСͷģĿʼڵҰˡ
һҰˣ˼ӵıҰˣ̲סӴǰᡣ
һ֮£ȻŵһϢȻܱЩҰѾֲ߱ķɳ
˼Ȼ¶˼顣
ɻ󲻽⣬Ҳѧų˼ģȥҰˡ
Ұƺ
ҲҰɵѿڶ
˼ǿĵǰ벻ҩռҰ˶߱ˣҪҽѸֲֵָҩռ䣬֪᲻ֲֲӳ档
Ǳġ
ΪԼӶеģΪôһռеԺ
Ұˣ˼ص˿ռסʼҰˣŪڡ
ڴศϵʱ򣬳˼ѡϺ⻹ţ⣬һ飬ټϸϣˮҰ˻һ𣬽һεڡ
ã˼㿪ʼƤ
Ϊýӳζۣ˼ѡִĻ߽ӡ
һְִĻ߽ӣڳ˼һһ֮ٴηп
ӣԻ·棬ܴһһʽ
㻹ʲô㶣½Ӱ
Ѿˮտĳ˼ԼҷԼֻɵЦɵҲЦ
طӦ󣬿ʼһһˮ̵֮С
ʱ˼뵽ӵĳԷк֣ܶͳĳԷǴˮ
ֳԷӰӵĿڸкζĽʧȥζ
ǵʱѾˡ
ãټӵ㶫档
˼˼վԵء
ضʱԼôһڳȷе㰭£˵һߣĿԼӡ
ֻһĻȫˢۡ
ȴ˼һЩɫıƬ˽ӹУСϺסлһЩϵõζϣΡ
֮󣬽ζûŵӵˮ㴼ޱȣ뽫ӵĽһȵ
ú󣬳˼صԴĽӷֳһСһ롣
ԼӸҿͶֻһֻСһӺ󣬶ʱͲˡ
˼룬ٷһ㡣
㲻Ů˵ģŮ˲̫ܳ࣬֡ңкܶϸƤҪǲһԼߣһ쵽Ժܶ죬Ͳ
˼ĽһͨҲ֪ԼҷûУ㽫ӽ˶Էϡ
ԡ
ţֻҾ˼Ӿͺˣһʲôá
һ߳Žӣһੲݡ
ǵһ֪֮ˣʲô˼ζ
Ƥ˵һɺʵϢⴥһ̾ǿ˴󺣡
ζͷţڽƤҰϣŷΪǿҵζٳ
һ˲䣬ֻԼվһʻɽۣ֮ɽ֮±Ǵ󺣣һ˵⾳
˼ԵѾõҰڽӣ뵽Լսսս֮УԱսѡ
ҲҰڵĽӣǲ֪ˣǺһΪڻңƽң߻Ա
һ̣˼ѹõ˼֮ٶӿ֡
ͬʱסԼȭͷвͣ˵Ȼ֮ǧ磬ţһһػصȥЩսѬĵһһն籾İУҵսǣһҪţһġ
һӵظմһãͿԼӳĽë֮ϣỨɵüͷ˼ôˡ
ûʲô뵽һЩĵ飬ϲ
˼Ρ
ǲأԼһƼĴ磬ԭฮС㣬ʵѾˡ
ܣĹҲ˵
Ϊһ˵ˣĸĸͼ˵ԵĴ
뵱ǸǣΪĹ
ǣԼӲͣҲֻݽǲС
ţˣʵ벻ףҲǿ
˳Ա㣬˼ֽʣµĽȫꡣ
Ȼ塢ըֲͬԷĽӣдһֵܶˣҪǳԲ꣬ȥ˳ԣ˷ˡ
Һزûп򶨻󷢡
һĻУӾһλ˺סӡȫеŮӣôŮߣ򸴺
-

618 ˮ֮

磬ʦЭĹ㳡ˣвԶǧ׷ߣ˼·Ϊ˿һʢ
ԣʦЭὫæбҪкЩԶѡ
ͬʱʦЭỹҪ֤ԱİȫԼԼĵֲ֮˵ȡ
Ҳڽ죬иõʦЭͭǽڡ
峤ϡǬһڳϽӴˡʦЭţʦЭѲߣνһֻӬԷɽ
˫رϣʦΧǶ˲٣Ͼ˭ҲΪһʦʲôΣ֮С
ΪʦԼĽҪͷ˴ҩϣԼΪЦ¯ըҪôҪôС
᳤˶ˣͶһߵ᳤̨֮ЦĿ̨ˣ˼
ʵڿĻ᳤ֳ˳᳤°ڡ
᳤һ㣬ɱϿߡ
֪ˣѻࡣ
᳤ϴ˷ŵòᣬɵðһ۶ϡ
״̬Ļ᳤һ漴˵ӭĺѣʦЭǵĵ԰ĻҲˡҾΪҹһ£δҪЩҩֱǣƷҩƷҩ굤ƷҩƷ
᳤Ļ䣬̨ǰ
вɤŴģ᳤ֱ
᳤˵iͷ˺ӵĻ
᳤ɨȺͿһʮ˼һĿ
᳤ΪΣ֪˵ʵòҪ˵׼С˼ꡣ
ļֻһλӣҲҪ»С
ááһӣʮС檣һֻҪҳϵ׳ˡ
˵ĻһףѸһĽĿ⡣
ǻ᳤Ҳû뵽ΪߵˣȻɰӡ
á
᳤Ľʺ޵һˣҲûпԷ
˼һп϶֪˶ٱˡ
صͷһʴʣʶɻĿԼӡ
˼ǺⰡ
оһֻ̤ˣˣ±õ˽ݵһȽϺá
ضʱԼӵ˼˵ʵڵģҲˡ
ȻϲԼӺαҪɻ飬ɻ֮󣬲ŷԼǶϲҲǿԺģŪ޷صһ棬˭˶
˵˼ƮԶҲ᳤ֽ֪ʲôֱѩϹٰٵ˼زŽع
˼ˡ
˼̫ѨűһʣµһмǸ¯ûˣطģռˡ
˼һͷߣҪ˵
οǸλû᳤Լһڳôͷ
ǳ˼͵ʦѧʣ⿴ûõģҪĻ츳Լһ
ֻԼʲôַʱֻᱻȺɣη˼λЦ
ˣʹ¯ѾûκѡأֻӲͷƤȥ
ߵԼ¯ǰվȣ˼ͱһǰһס
¹лͷ
˼תͷͿԼλƷʦҶ
˼ݸһЦ
¹лĵҩҵ·صʱ򡣡
ҶߵĻͬԳ˼м
ˣó˼泩˲١
λǰ˵һ׻˼æµ̡
ͬʱлʦЭˮйѺŵǧˣ͸ȹϵһ㡣
취ǲܴǳױȻǵ֪
ǧ˿̽ȫϣϣһ˫۾Ҳˣϸˮνʪ·ͷʹλ绪ʦǧȻڴ˿̣ôؤӡ
øˮεˮûĲӣͷҸɾ
⵹ҲǧγԱȣʶǧ
ұ죬ٿ޿䣬Ҿ㡣
ͺһŵǧһҲٿԡ
һʱ˶ĳĬС
Ƭ̺Ȼ̧ͷƤЦⲻЦĶǧ
ǧпһ£֪Բʾá
ˣ֫һʮּϣѾ޿ˣʮּܺͰ֫һ־мǿԵ鱦
ֻҪһ£ͻսһ֡
ǧʹľһЩʹԶ˺¡
-

619 Ǹ

ĩˣڿˡ
ǧ취ſڵʦЭɰòá
ҡʲô취
ǧٿһŭĶ
û뵽˾Ȼ鵽һΪԼܻȥϧԼŮˡ
ǰҲϹľͿôһ
Ůˣû취ƽʱҵǹӾȫʹֻҪӳȥҾʮױ̧Ȣš
Ŀǧǲ˽Ϊˣ¾ͻᱻ⻨ƭ
ǧңĻһ˿ݣ˫Ƶ۾ʱһ뷨
Ҫ£ȻĿ
ãĳŵ
ǧҶȻȢ㡣
ѹ˼žһڶԼŮ˵ʲôɽ˺ġ
͸ĵǧԽ˵ЩԽǶġ
ӳȥΪʲôӳȥأ
ţǧ㳯ˮſڽһηλӣܷһæȥé
ȥʲôé͵ؽɣ
ſŲݽӽϡ
һγԱǧҪ˵һֳ֮Ժľ
λʦЭ˰ɣ֪ЭŮӣҲһһΣȻдֻһŮˡ
˵ţǧɴཿεεĿһ˵Լ࣬һ˵ԼȫǱġ
ֻǧļƲߣЩһ㶼⡣
ŵӣǧ޵顣
ǧûҪǡ
ˣǻ᳤յˣ˺أ
ɵҵ˼ǣߵķⲻԣҪ𣿡
һһӵļ򣬾ôһģ˱һͬЭ顣
ã֪֪֪֪
СĵӦ´º󣬱ԼĻһͬߵǧǰ
סǧ漴˴鱦ж£㿸ĵ뿪ˮΡ
ˮ֮ǧͳһЦλӣֻҪǷңҾ͸һܡ
㣬ɵˣ㿪أ
һӳǧվһơ
ǧҧ촽ѭѭաܹϵѵǾͲ֪Щʦô𣿡
ɭе𣿡
ǧĵӼĵ
ǣΪġ
˻һ˽һ㶡
һԵĵЩҧסԼͷŵָǧ˵˵ʲôЩɲҥġ
ҶԼħģаٻԶ޷ǽ
Ϊ˶ȡ˵Σǧ³⣬ʲôġ
˶ħģӵĹ˲͡
ڵµĻ˿Բԣ³Ϊ˻᳤ͳǴĵӣôǵǰ;ͻޡ
ǰ;ҪʲôŮûС
һۣ߹հ˹յȥé
ǧ潫ԼéһĶ
ѵλš
ǧθ֮͸¶ſǻ
Ӽ׺ٺһЦǧ𼱰
˵ţΪǧ˷סԷ
ǧʵһһĻֲǰӵĶʱѡ˵ͷ
˵ɣ
ҲͷĴߴٵ
ǧһҧ㽫θ¶ٽʦΪԼǵĵҩȫߣλʬ𼣵һ顣
Ŀɿڴǻŭ
ʵ¶ǧҲзݣĶ˿̵ȴԼĸɸɾ
Ӽ׵Ƕǧͬģ˷ºָǰķ˵࣬ǳ˴֮⣬ΨһܳȥͨҪǲ⣬ھͿߡ
ǧһ˼ϣδȵ˵Щʲô˾ͨһ˷ӡ
ͻıʣ˲ǱһĴࡣ
Ӽ̲סŮ˵жô
æסӼ׵͡˵ñ֪ǧǷߵġ
֪ˣÿ
Ӽ״˿ʵû࣬Ǳ⵹ùǵָһ
һЦ漴ĵھͽ¸᳤֪ȥ
ţҪѲС
Ӽһ߻Žɻڴӣһһ뿪é
Ȼ˾˲֪ǣѾǡ·ϹٰٸһС
ϹٰȥééҿһĻ
س¹֪һУֻǿû֤ݣûҴ˰ɣ
ϹٰԳЦЦ࣬ƺ֪Զһ
-

620 ԭ

ݱĽţȻʮͻأ˸̨
᳤۾뽫һȥҲʲôϣʲô¶ҲҪȵ߳˵
ΪʦЭĻ᳤һղעԼ̣ѹʵ°˻ŵġ
᳤Ҫ»᳤ȥһ԰ĵط
ӼһĿŻ᳤
᳤ֻһɻҪˣȴǱ¡
᳤صģһȥ
᳤תͷһ۶ϣҪ˵ĻֻһٰʮȷתٻصԼĶ
ţǾͶˡ
᳤Ļ
ϰݱ᳤ŵӼһȥ˱Եһƫ
˿̣󲿷˶ڹۿƫ˵ػһƧĵط
ҲǺܲͷҪҪȥéŲ⵵¶
ʲô°˵ɣ
ĵ
ǿ˵ˣϣҪ̫Ȳǡ
Ӽһ㽫ǧõϢϽһ顣
һѪЩ³
ָŶˣɫҲɷʱ档
Ҳ֪٣¶ģΪǧΪӶˡ
ӼҲĴм٣ǰ˵ǡ
ϵһֱڿ¶Ҫȥˣȴ̯ôһ¶
ΪʦЭδϱ뺴塣
ô׵˴ָô죿ʦЭᣬƾʲôҪΪṩʮĵҩǵˣֲɱġ
֮󣬶ϲٴοڡǣ֪µĻ˭
ûˣˮǸ
ӼѣԼһСŭϡ
ţܺãȥץǧȥ᳤˵¡ץǧҾǵҵͽܡ
һͽܴ죬˸жľͲϹˡ
ȴǼΪĵһ۶ˣĵǣͽֲܶǹŵӣͽкܶࡣ
츳пѧģĴǱѧʶû츳ѧģҸҲǽиñͷ
һ£ʦЭϵͽܣҪĴ󻰷ųȥûмΪ
ߣͽܻúãʦҲкôġ
ôҪһͽĳ嵱˿߳ϣ˵⣬Ʊػϵʦģ˼һȥ˳µĽˣôҲõٺô
˵Ҳʲôõ顣
ӼҵǽһȺʦЭĵӱȥץǧˣڶϣŲڸ᳤˵£Ҫ˵Ҳǵȵ߳˵
᳤ʲôƢܲ˽⣬ΨͷˣȥõϢһͻ֣÷Ļ᳤꼰㡣
ƽ᳤һ𣬾ͻЩϵ¹˵ˣҲû᳤
ɲԼ¹ʧҲ¶Ӱ쵽ʦǡ
˼֪ˣʦЭ¾ͬͬڵˣǻý¯ըˡ
һȨ⣬ϱȥéȥˣ¶ݺ顣
һʦЭſڵǬ峤ϵˣճǬӳ˼Ҫ죬ˣһλۼĵӿһǷӰƮ±Լ鱦סĿ֮ˡ
˴峤ϺǬǰסڱǡ
ǬˣָǸµĵŭ˼ܣֲǽʦЭᣬ㼤ʲôߣ˼ǲСĵéӵأ
ǬԴĮģһ˫۾ͽ˿һ͸
˱ǰƷʦǧǸģǲ߻һܣ󻹽ˮͷϡ
˳ȻҪģֻ𱨳˱΢ĻȴȤ
ǧĵǵù͸һôµĸ֮һҪԲ˵ǣȻλա
ԶԶԣҾǲСĵӵģλүҡ
ǧһЦޱ档
Ǭüò˵Ů˵ݼܺãֻҪν⻰磬Ǹ⡣
ʱӼҴһʦЭĵӸ
˿ǧҴҵܵǬ峤ǰ峤ϡǬǰŮǴʦЭˮӳģ񼫣뽻ǣǴˮΡ
ԭ򵥵ŮӣȻˣǾʹ߰ɣ
Ǭ˻֣õӼҽ˴ߡ
Ӽջȥ峤ϵ˼峤Ҳ˵ͷŴһ˽ǧ廨ˣˮΡ
ߺ峤æǬǸ
λǬǰСǵʵΣԭ¡
-

621 

ûʲôԭ֮˵ߣұһˣʾ֤潫λ峤Ϸ
ǬνЦЦ
ֲˣЩĶթĶǣģȻܶűš
峤ϼ˶˵ˣֻŲЦ
ǧû뵽Լǧӳһתָץȥˡ
ѾӦ뿪ʦЭӣô£
λӣ֮ǰǿ˵õģΪγ
ǧȵ
Ӽ׺ٺһЦǵǰ;֮Լʲô
㡭Ǿ㲻سŵ֮ˡ
ǧʱͬʱеһ߳ױҲܿƵĿ޺
˿̣Կ۵Ϥ𾪵С
Լ޲ҪŮ˱ӶӵԱߣ鱦°úŽӦһжġ
ȥֻʣ´ľǻǧ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôã뷢𣬵ǧĵĽ˿ֻԶһ㡣
Ҳһ󣬽뵽ֵʱ䡣
쿴ƵĵҩȻƷƷߵơ
ҶҲƷƷȴа˵ơ
ҪĻҿ϶ҶĻ

۲ֵǣ۳˼
ȥĳ˼һˣȴ˻Ҷλǰġ
һĻѩϹٰٶе㲻ˣϹٰҡ¹Ƿʧ𣿡
ѩһ˼Ϲ˵ʲôҾ˼ڵ߳¶һԼ뷨
ʮͬĳѩһĴָѩ˵Ĳҵᷢʧ޷ǸЩνǰӶѣʴ˽ƷҩƷ
ϹٰٺѩϸһصĻҲ˼ˡ
˼ţٻҪ˼һӡ
ߣеʦÿһ˼Ե㲻ӣҲ˵ʲô
ֻҪһ뵽Щͷ̫̫ԼӵЩϡŹֵƵתͲɵΪԼӶеԺ
̨ϵĻ᳤ͶҲһô˵õĲһ
ϣ˵¹ô£ѵǹġ
϶ǹģ⺢ӵǴ֪ЩǰͿʼ˼ˡţֻڵ߳Ͳˡ
г
᳤̾һ֪ǰͳ˼кˣ˼ӣʲôֻʹ
ˣô
ŵ߳ĽҩҲˣĵҩҶƵƷƷ԰˵ٵȫѡ
ʦҲΪ˳ƷҩӶɹ
źǣƷҩ΢һģЩʦˣ᳤Ͷֻۡ
߳׽еʦͿͷ׷ǰԼϢĵط
ȵ˶ˣ᳤Ͷϻڸ̨ϰˡ
Σϻعҿ˿ȷû˺󣬾ӼҸ֪ԼϢȫת᳤
᳤һǳҪҪ˵
ߣԼˡ
Ӧó˼ƳƷƷҩӵоŵƵ֣˼ҹˮ᳤ûеõôȴӲǸǰ֮ڣǴˡ
᳤ˣ֪¶ⲻͷ˵ĥĥŮˡ
̾һյ᳤һֲ˵顣
᳤𾪣󳹵ױŭ
飬ȥҽ˴أ֪ͨӣȥסʦЭʦԼԶȫ˵ץɭУкʦˣҪ˵棬úˡ
ǣȥ졣
ϲɵö࿴һۻ᳤ƽʱ᳤ɲӵģǳ˼ĵҩû᳤˼õ˸Ĺۣڿʼעظˡ
ıһѻ᳤󣬶ϱ㰲˿ʼ¶
ѾصԺϢĳ˼СԼһţ׷ʱݷ̨Ļûȼͱһ󼱴ٵŵ
˼еĻƣŴ򿪣ͿһλʦЭĵӣǳǷǷֳǰëֵǷǷſڡλȥһĹ㳡Эᷢһ¶ϣλȥ֤
ؾ֪ʲô¶Բûпš
д¶Ҫȥմˡ
ãһȥϾȥ
лλ⡣
ǵò˳ȥŹغú󣬱Զˡ
-

622 ǲ

ܿ죬˼ҲʦЭĹ㳡ƽΪҪ˽Χһˮйͨ
ʱȴΪд˾ۼ
λΪЩȥʦʦЭֹѣôһһֱҪ˵ΪʦЭĻ᳤ͰҪ˵ú
˸Ҵ
᳤һ֣Ӽұ㽫ǧѺ˸̨
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˼˼Ƭ̣ԵƷĲҩͨ˵滰ϣֵҩżǿĸãһˣ˵˱Ҫ֪Ĵ𰸣õҩ˾ͻɵӣһҩʯõɵӡ
ôĵҩʦЭҲõó
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623 һǴ

˼ճյĿأֻҪ͡
ȻȴѵõĴ󷽣۽ǳϹٰٵķƳȥ˵¶ȥϹٰ١
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Ϲٰټ˼ֹЦЦ˵ϹټҲɳһλʦǰμʦȻǺ˽⣬ȴΪܲڼһˣǸݣڼеĵλȴǲܶ͡ΣϹٷ׳ҲΪʱ򣬶λʦΧǸʦΪξһ飬Ҫûʱ䣬һֱҲ֪Ϊʲôôãֱ죬Ҵ˿е֪ﳤȥʶݼڡ
˵꣬ϹٰԳЦЦ
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ʶԼӵ۾ڱˣһץͰĳʵץߡ
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㰡һ˯žʲôҲ֪ˣҹܳȥʱһѪɱˣʲô
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ӳеĶǧѾɹŭ
˵ʦЭӣ˵󣬾ͿʼɵɵһץϵιһڵشҪж໬ж໬
˼ĿɨЩûҪռ˵˵ʱǵϿ𾪻вʡ
𾪵ǣǼӵܻʦЭ޹أʵǣķˡ
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УܾˣЩĲ˵ͳǵ¶ѵһҲ븺𣿡
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ͷ˼ɴһСʣ˫濴ţκһʵĻ档
᳤ۼԼĻˣһתҺʱ˵ˣֻķʽкܶ࣬Ϊṩʮѵҩһ£϶вͨġһģǿԽ츳ӵʦЭᣬֱǳΪŵӡÿˣǿΡ
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ϷҲӷϷԻصСԺ
һ䣬˼ȲѯԼҷϹָٰǰ࣬öԷ޷ԼĴڡ
ҲֱԵȥѧ书㲻⣬֪ˡ
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˼С죬һ˫ɰСֲͣسص°ڣٲȻһ汦
ΣֻýԼ֪һһʵԭ书Ҳһ´ԴϹָٰ֣ڸٶԷʱδõڵõ֮˵ģõֲףЩֺҵĴڣֻǿ
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624 ̫

صĻ˼ŪˣͺִһһСѧһ
Сѧһʱ䣬ܽãڣȴҪķһʱݡ
ֻ˵ڽ򵥵⸴ӻˣӶ򵥵ıʡ
Ҫ˼ȥԭ书ǲˡ
ЦĿءԺͱң书ʲôģܲѧͲѧ
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᳤ҲǸˣ֪Լ̫ԣԾͽͳ˼̸ݹ֮ڡ
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һ׷߽ľګһ£ֱߵ¯㴫һ죬ţдĺð
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һ鷢̫ͻȻƽﵭ˹ĹӸҲ˾
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625 

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626 

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627 û

غǰ˴һܣǶԷʵʵ̫ˣҪôһվǷʱ˵ֻ
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󣬻ͥͨ͸ǾʾǵӦģСӾͲҪˡ
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˳극˼ѩʰ꣬˺һ꣬ͳȥˡ
˼Ƥ㽫ϴĻƸѩ
ѩҲһƣ˼ҳԵһķˣҪϴ룬Ҫǣ֮ǰΪĳ˿һӶûп޹ᣬڵã˼ȫһɣȴҪϴ롣
´ҳԷҾܡ
ѩĬĬᶨ㿪ʼϴ
˼ѭ߳˷䣬˱̵Ĳݵϡ
ʱȴǿ˸ӣڵϿͷա
˼Ҳ˳ż˵Ŀ⿴ȥⲻҪһǽԼҲһ
ԭ̵һգѾ͸չλã˼⡣
˼ռ佫϶ΪһС磬ʱͻΪ˭˭˭˭
ضգ˵ԼŵĻʵˡ
˼ݸһЦôԸʲôܣҲãҲգ޷̤У֮󲻹һֺιͽա
˵ĶԻϹٰҲŲ˾䡰ʱҶɣ¹ﲻˣүŮ
ϹٹˣҪүŮһԸǰŮˣȻҵӵͨѾߡ
˼ЦſϹٰ١
ϹٰɫһͷϽߡ
أֵڡҾС
ͥĿԼף֪ΪΣǵ׾Ȼ˵Ļ
ǶϵԼףʲôҲˣСһֻܳưͿȨǸ׽ơ
ʱ򣬳˼뵽һ飬Ϲٰ˵棬ҪָȥΪҲҪһʱģǱߣҪô͡
¹ﲻعܣʱдһŻȥͷ¹ףԻס
Ϲٰд㣬Ծʹδ·ϡ
˼ʵʣгһշôָΡ
˼ˣ˼뵽Լļˣ˵ʵڵģÿ˶⡣
ʵ벻벻ȫķӣ˼ֻһһ
ȵͥϮ˼ѩԼҷ뿪ҩռ䣬ʱ˼Ϲٰ٣ҪСһԱĶһҪϸѿǶʳȡ
ż첻˼Լҵ˲١
ϹٰӦº󣬲ŵලָǡ
Ϲٰôֲˡ
˼ĻĴ뿪ҩռ䡣
磬˼ֱһ󼱴ٵѡ
ۣԼҷͷ
жˡ
ʱ
ʲô
˼ʲôǵˣȻôķʱ
Ȼصһ仰ͽ˼ʵ
ҾͶ㣬ĸһ
˼ҪԼҷЦˣⷿһѲɣ˸˲ɡ
˿̣õ۵Ķһơλôţҿ˵ˣһû˯ѡ
-

628 ϼ

˼Լȥš
ͲÿοţҪԶ֡
˼һԹһȥš
Ŵ򿪣һȻǶ˵Щˣ죬ȴ˼һߣûò
˼һΣ֪ԽǽͣԽ˵壬ʲôҲ˵Ͱͷѹõ͵͵ģһ˴²ҳϵĺӡ
ϲǲͨ飬˼һߵҲûȥ
¹ǽĻ굤õǮøģһ֣滹вֲɷ⡣
ϴһǬݵ˼С
˼ӹǬָ΢΢һ̽˶סˡ
ôǮôֲ
˼Եĸ̾ҩ׬󷢣Ȼȥˣڸ޽һҩרƷƷĵҩŻ׬ԽԽࡣ
һĹ򣬳˼㷴Ӧ˹
Ŷ΢΢ǷǷлϣ졣
ţͿھųıˣҪʧŶ
һЩС£ϱ뿪ϢСԺ
һߣ˼ǬױƵĵݵصϡ
Ϊȫ䱦ӵһͷɨһǬڲǬ˳˼
˼Լҷôһ̬ȣѾǼֲ֡
û취ͷˣأϲǮ͸ֱķȴЩ֮ﲻȤ
˵ˣķڸв֪Ҫִ֪ж˿һǮͥͻлǮǮͲҿˡ
Ȼ̫ǮǮǮѾûˡ
˼ٴθ̾
緹ھųڶ
˼أֽĳرøⲻһˡ
ԭվ߰Χߣ뻮һϣÿ˵ǰһСϷӣдȫǳ롣
Գ˼ִ˵Ŀھų֮󣬽ӭһǰᡣ
˱׬һʡ
˼ˣ˼ɵö࿴һ۸̨ΣĻ᳤Ͷϣ˲Ŀ⣬͸үһ㶼
˼ˣǾ¸ĺϵ̫£һϾͻһǽûжˮ̡
ò˵ıļǿ᳤Ͷϵһˡ
ֻּһϡ
ϸı˺ȹһ˼ͷӭ꺮ů
¹簡һϲֱƯˡ
ϳų˼Цġ
˼˳ǣ˵һղãһûʱ䡣
ڶһӣ˼ǺЦӦϵĿޡ
˵Цˡ
ֻʵʵ˵ѡ¹úҪʲôֲҪʲô¯Ҷ̰
ϵĺ仰˼ٻǾһѡ
ǰĿ׻Ϊ˶ĿϵĿģͬʱǻ᳤Ͷϵ˼
̨ϵĻ᳤ͶȻ˼ЩϾͲͬˣͬλʦ˵ٿɣҲֻΪġ
ΪʦЭᲢǺ˶ΪǸ¶ġ
ţҪһϡ
˼ϵ˵ͷӦ˻᳤Ͷϸޡ
ϱ㿪ʼ򣬵ƷִϵĿ˵ʱ̨˷ڡ
ûɣȻҪƷ˵һĵҩֱӽһƷңΪߵ˼ΪãΪ͵ģһȻҲĽ
ǰƷڣϲƣֻҪ˭ƷҾԿܲܽƷ
Ҫȥ͸үүֻҪүүΪ˾Ʒ֣Щ̾ļͲ۸ˡ

˼˶ƷɵΪԼľеԺʲôһ룬Ǯ
ʼ
Ͽɲֺӻ˱ȣһȣ
ҶͻζĿһ۳˼˼Ҳ˿ȥ׷״ӶԷϿΪ֮ɫ
ðƷʦȥƾƷҩǿѣͻᱻЦ
ǶǱűذܵĴ㣬ʼƷҩ
ڿ˼ãĽ
ҡҡͷ˦ȥЩӰ˵뷨˼㿪ʼרעƾƷҩˡ
ۿԼأԽԽããÿοһܣԷɱȫʱϾͷ·һϼ⣬ӡ
-

629 

֣˼ܳɹ𣿡
մմϲʱѩͻȻչ䲻˾䡣
غǲˬȻܳɹ
ҿδأϷ򿴡
ѩ˵ʱһ˫۾һֱų˼ϷǾͷߺޡ
ۣѩ˵ķȥͿһʦʱʱӣܸһֲõĸо
ߣС֮ҵԻ
ػû˷ϣʹ㣬ûܹӮӡ
ѩȴôΪϾҲʧʱ
ֻҪҶ˼ʲôҾͳȥɱ㡣
ѩһһǿԼڸԼ
Ȼ˵ģҳһ顣
̵֪һʦרʱ򣬸ûа취ӦԱ顣
ʱ͵ϮƱػ֮в
¯ѿ򵤻
ֻ벻ͨǣһʦѣΪλӲôŨȤ
˼ֲͽ¯󣬾ͲڶԼָоܲãһſڱӣ˲
ó˼ĽϽҶͻҲһĨƵĿ⣬׷׻ͷȥ
ⲻҪһ֮µס
ΪǷˣûһͳ˼ְ˷ޡ
Ҷ˴뱲ӣδƾָͰһ˸ƵΩΩФ
ȵͬʱһǡ
һ뺦¹أ¹һеţƱػΪ
ΪǰۿҪǰӦ硣
ǣҶһȣָ㲻ר˳¹Ȼһ˳¹һģһܣ治֪ʲô
⻰һٴηڡ
˷׷ǴˡûиǵʦҲҪҪǴ˼ң˼ƷƷǳʲôǻôͻơ
ǣǽṷ᳤̂ר˵ʦ
˼̣˿ʲôɻĿǷһֱԼˡ
һͲʲôˣֱߵ޵ֻǣһһģһޣҪʲôأ
Цߣ㺦ϹټҵȻǺջˮֻǣ˽죬Ҳˡ
˵Ļһڣ˼˲ˡ
ϹټҵѵϹٷˣӦð
˼ͷȥأȻ˹
᳤ͶԼλϣƲҲ׷׳ؿ
ʱ˼ͷĪһۣţǾҵʹͺǣڴԼԴ

˼Ҳ̲סг
Ҷȴǵһʱס˳˼˳˼ڵء
ȻһøмĿ⿴һҶ
ôˣ˼
صǵķס˼һҡ
˼֪ôݣֻ˵Լͷۡ
쿴ǸǸˡ
һȪƮ˳˼Ķ
ԷһģһˣͻͷѣҰ·ͦа˸·ֲƬĳ˼ȴ뵽һԼŵĿܡ
Ͽ϶ҵͷҵһùĶǶƵҡ
˼ҧأþǿ˵һ仰
˾Ȳѣû뵽˼һۿϹټҵ⻹㣬Ҳ˵˳
һ룬Խķŭ˼ǺǵְǵĶԵߵȥȥҼǸ
˼Ӵϵ˼ͷˡ
˳˵һ˴ڷŭıԵʱ˾ͷǳ׷
˲ľٴ룬Ҳó˼˶ߡ
ȥϵһҵĶ
á
ɿ˼֡
ѩæסĵջǷˣ֪ˣӦǸʱ˸ˣʡöԷŪô顣
˺ӣ̫ͷ϶
ҲûϵԼ֮ǿ
һҲġҪǰҾӱͷ֮ˣһûͷ᲻أ˵ʦһûͷٳһͷ
˵⻰ս磬ƣʵҲ˵˵Ŀϡ
ͷˣûˣնһҩʯҽʦƵĵҩˣ¾ɵˣҲ޼¡
ҡ
ŭĿһŻ𣬺޲ýǧС
Ҳؼʱ̣뵽ͨ쾵ͨ쾵ΪԼܶ鷳ɱ֮ҲҪãΪˣôҲûʲôˡ
ﲻӸ
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630 

ʱϹٰٵȻ
Ϲٸ㲻һݣһ룬Ϲټҵļ׸ʲôôˡ֪֪˷Ϊ㹻һǧˡ

Ϲٸ˿Ϲٰٺ΢΢һ㶣ҲֻĹ򣬺ָ֮ܿǰĺ
ҲΪãֻҪɱŮˣͲħˡ
Ϲٸ˵꣬ƷĴЦ
˼ҲˣϹٸ仰˶ˡ
Ϲٰٵħˣ֮ǰһ׽١
ƺһжӭжˣãֻѵķʽͬһ磬һ˵Ǳġ
ֻó˼û뵽ǣѾΪϹٰٵħ
Ϲٰٲ룬ϹٸһͰĵ׶йˡ
֪µ˲࣬ĪϹٷǰ˵ġ
Ϲٰ˼ţų˼ռ˵淢һУϹٷ
ţϹٰٵļ̲ס
ΪܳŤתǬȴ룬Լܹ֮ڡ
㻹ԥʲôÿɱŮˣѪ·
ϹٰپþԭأϹٸɵôߴٵ
˼һǿҵĸϮͷ˿̣Ҳ֪ôԼ顣
̣Ҳû뵽Ϲٰٻӣ쵽Ϊħĳ̶ȡ
˷ֱߣǸϲߵ֣ǷǳΣյġ
οѾռӵθһǲҪȡ֮ˡ
뵽Щᷢ飬ػֲ̿ѡ
ˣǾֻеˡ
Ϲٸ֪ʱٲ֣ûлˡ
˼ù⣬ĳɻҽ²ȥ֡
ңҪ
غ¼ˣҪڿʼжԼͳͳų¶ԷԼǰӢۣҲǲԡ
̽Уָ⽫ͨ쾵ϹٰٵѾϹٸĲϡ
ϹٸƬ̣󾪲ĿϹٰʵΪȻƷ֮ǰһ׽٣ôûܹȥǲΪ
£㻰̫࣬ȥɣ
δϹٸ˵ʲôֻǲһϹٸĲӾǱϹٰһŤˡ
ɲǼ䣬ȫȻ
һƷھȻɱһƷ۷壬ⲻܡ
˼ҲˣϹٰԼҲе㲻š
ֻǷǳܿƽĿֻһǾɱϹٸ
ֻ룬ȻûжãԷˡ
ˣˣҵԴѾȫˡ
⻹ƷԽɱƷΪƷɪɪ
һǳ¹ʲôĵҩ鱦Ҫͳ¹ѡ

۷׷ס
˼ȫΪһԹȺڣţӶˡ
Ȼϴ·Ŀľߡ
ص׺ˣŶһô˶´ɱˣĺɱˡ
᳤֪ϹټҵģϹٰٵݣΪ¶˵죬ҲʦЭ޹ء
ҲϹٸȣû¶˼ʦֱԼ˸ɱˣνһϷ
ͳ¹ѣǵ˵ѾߡЬˣЩ¶ݺ顣ڣʦǼŶˣµöҲƷƷʦЩ˷ʦ
᳤ƮƮһ仰˵СžŸ׵߸
Ϲٸ̧ߺ󣬳нָƽ
ܿ죬˼һʦЭĵеõԼܡ
ȲĲܣȻ֮зһŻֽ䣬ڻֽем䣬ճһͷ
ͷӦþģŪͷֻҪ˶ȥغܵķȡӼɡ
ֻǣ磬Ӧڵҵĵְ
һʱ䣬˼е벻ף»ҪϹٰ̽һ
ĿϹٰٵʱ򣬷ԼҷѾŭɫĳϹٰٿ
͵һٶϹٰͻ˿ռ䡣
һգתͷʼٸߣһ˫۾ʡ
˼ֻǶ˼ƤֻܹĴھųԻ͡
ʱϹٰ¶ͷ˵ͷ㰲վΧУۿеʦ
˼ҩĴ˼κ󣬾ͿʼҩˣͲټоˣֻҪ¯¶ȼɡ
˿ʱ䣬˼㿪С
ʼڿռϹٰٽнϹٸܶԸ飬﷢ֻƷͷ¶Ҳ˵ˡ
Ϲٰûɣʵ˷ϹټҵģҲֻһУʲô
-

631 ǷƷ

󣬳˼Ϲٰٽ࣬ǹڿġ
ϹټңֻҪһͣѧϰ
ϹټҵĿһص㣬һһֻһΣҲںԼѪеϣһˣͻܵɡ
Ϊʱ̫ãϹֻٰ֪Щɢɢ
Ϲٵĳ˼ҲһԭֻʩչһΣҪǶһûû;˴ϣôԼļѾͲܵĲ
ϹټҵȣڴʱµĹأĹΪıǲϹټҵĺ꼰޹
˼һ˺ܶ࣬ãϹټҵĳһȣҲǴǸˣпҲһλԽߣǲǺһԵ򣬾Ͳö֪ˡ
䡭
ȻҶ¯һը˺֮Զ
᳤Ψֱը¯˼޹æһԼЩ¯ƬڱըΧ
ӦΧ߷׷׺ˣ˵һ룬ԻչΪ׵೤ϣſʼ
¯Ƭȴû˵һˡ
С
ҶǷϵڵϣһ˫۾ˮ
˼ԶȥһᣬЦǰʶУѾǶʦˡ׻˵ʧǳɹ֮ĸҪǲʧһΣô֪ʧܸʹģʵͺ֮ǰϹٸҲһʦΪݵ飬ɱˣûˣôٸߣкãûˣ޷ٷⷢ޷ЩûˣӦúµġ
һҲ֪ûã˼˵ĶӵĻ
ãҶ͵̧ͷ˼Ŀⶼ˵š
ԣһʦʧ¹Եټ
˵գҶ뿪᳡ʦЭĴŶȥ
Ҷߺ󣬲ûЦеֻǾ塣
Ͼ˼ҿǰƷʦֲǰƷΪĸ֣ô֡ײһ洦ɼ
ˣܳΪһһӵġ
ûã¯Ҳըˡ
֮ǰҶ飬ÿʦվλʱֵĳϡ
ԣ¯һը˾¯סһʦˣڳΧߡ
ǱҶѣʧ֮󣬳ų˼ķ˵ͷ漴Ҳˡ
֪ΪΣ˼ıӰԽԽִĳǣһʱ벻˭Ҳš
ڹŴ̫ãִ˺һڴӳ˼Ĵһһʧ
ЩץסļҲʹģֻк͸ĸһӲǿֵģǿֵ쳣ݡ
ֻʣֻۣжǳǸҸŮˡ
٣һͥӻһˡ
䡭
ǽʮλʦ¯ըڳǶî˾ֳΧߺʦûܵ˺
ܿ죬оֻʣ³˼һʦˡ
ЩʧܵʦһԣȻһлǳĿһǺأֻʹ࣬ߵĺá
᳤ſտأ˵ĸӡ
ȴǻϲĽȻҲˣһڼֲ˻ʦЭĸ᳤ҿԺ˭ʦЭᡣ
ϵĻһǿ룬û᳤ƽ
ûɰڴһƴСѾͷͿˡ
᳤Цӣ˿̿˼Ŀ⣬ϧţһԲĽԪ
Ҫǰͣ˼ҵŮ
˼ͦǵ˵ĿⶼۼʱֻãԼһƤףɫ৵һ¾ͺˡ
Ҳ֪ûоŵƣˣ¯ɣ
˼̾漴һģ¯һ죬ţſŽĵҩ
˼ȥӣȴ룬ſŵҩȻƲ㡣
ģⵤҩҪɽ𣿡
ҲܣҪţ˭
᳤ҪţҸ˵ˡ

˷һ󺰴УǾſŵҩĿ⣬ڿһ޵Ů
᳤ȴǰһˣߡ˵ʲôҪ˭µıǮ󡣡
˼֪εĵҩҪʲô۶ӣɲֻ½֮޳ǾͻΪס
˼˴˵쵤ҩѾСĹ򣬺أֻջſѾΪɵƷȻ𲻻ãպɽ磬һ¯
ʱһƿյ·Ӿ֮⴫
˷׷ͷǽŲȽƽ׵λ֮г𾪻𾪡
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632 ¶ͦ

λ֮ɣģú˧
ŮǷλ֮ҲģͲԶҲˡ
ǣɣɱǡ

λ֮ǵȫŮӽС
ҪһЩǼôһһʮӶδؼһĴǿǶôҫ
Ǵ޷һλ֮Ҳ޺ˡ
λ֮ĵ˵˵ĹâסˣΨһˣվУɢҫ۵ĹâǽŲȽλ֮еһȡ
ˣǳ˼
ǾһΪ
̶̵һ仰ûйάλ֮ûеԷ˼
λ֮üͷ΢ⷲŮӦҪôģʲôҪ֮Լ˵˷Ƶһ㣬Щۡ
ûʲôҪ𣿡
λ̲֮ס˿ڡ
˼һѰ˼ҪǮȻǲܵģҪ鱦ܣԷ˵˵С޷֮ʱҪôɾһôҲ̲ˡ
˼һķ͸˵ˣɴһᣬʵҺҵķܷɹ
һǽһĽʼɺţ
Ҳ˾ãҪе֡
ȷֻôһô
ԣûʲôǱҪġ
˼̧ͷĿλ֮
λ֮࿴һ۳˼أܳɹֻҪʱ䣬ˣѾй¶̫˵ȥҲ
䣬߻һ貵Ľ⣬ţλ֮㲻Ӱ
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죬ɵˣλ֮ҪˣһǸ¹ӣ´¾Ҫɱˡûλ֮˵С޷ɵ˳ˣȻغᵼС̮
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ԴҲû뵽ʲô÷ӣ᳤ֻ˼ͶȥĿ⡣
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᳤ƺڵȳ˼仰
˼Ӧ£ڳһȥʦЭĴŴһ̽
û߼᳤־òףеΧŮԻŮӵŮǻصԼЪϢĵطĵطǴԼķӰȫ
ȫʲôţʦЭ᱾һռ鱦֮У˶ܵڲץˣǰȫġ
һŮΧ߲Ŀ᳤
᳤һѰ˼ô¡
ǼȻҪţǱŰɣǷ⣬ɲҪûǡ
»᳤Ҳʹٶۣ·ԼѡģǿҲҪꡣ
ʵԼӻȥЪŵģֻû뵽ʦЭ¶ͦࡣ
-

633 Ĳ

˼Һһȥ
ؼ׷ϳ˼ԷֽԼС
᳤״ĵЦӵļǾ͸ˣνͬģϽ𡣡
תͷֱӵ᳤᳤ں֮ʲôҲҽˡ
˼ʵȽ¶һҪͣ뿪ʦЭᡣ
ܿ죬һ˾ͺʦЭĴſڡ
͸һ㵭ɫϣԿĻ
˿̣ŵģһЩ˵ʦЭӣ峤Ϊ׵ĸλϣȴΨǬӰ
˼ҲǷǳģź˼ɤӣϧûнǬ
û취˼Ҳֻһһ
ߵ᳤ǰ˵һˣ֮ǰһ顣
峤ϣǵĸ᳤˵߶˵߶
峤Щ˼ǰʼǻεޣʲô
ǸޣһλӢ꣬˵ǲСҪڴҸŵЪϢһߡ
峤ϼһ˲ţִãԲʲô֮㽫˺ķ˽
û뵽ǣ˸һͱһɫľļŮӸˣԣҪЩŮӸӡ
Щȥ׷һˣ˵ˣǸͲĶ֡
峤ϣ˵𣿡
ԣһϡе֡
峤˵ţҲʼ
˼գʦЭ¶ǸִǿɶǴ˵һĴڡ
ǣûʲô
أҲǬΪʲôڳԭǬֻޣȻһ㣬ɶһһ棬֮ԣȻʶһ㣬֮󼪡
ִһЩ׼أϲľŮˡ
ԵӣɼϲŮ֮⣬ӡ
Ѱˡ
˼ڶڵһĪչ
᳤˼ҲûУ
᳤˵᲻ɱǶˡ
᳤˵õҲôǾƷĸ֣ܱôС𣿡
˼ܹ˻᳤ųӣŶԷһͨ
ǵ˵İΣô
᳤죬˿ҲԼӣ죬ʱԼܲסԼ֪˵˶ҪջĻˣٶʲôá
ʲô𣿡
ûУֻܵȶԷˣȥѰֲʵʡ
Ҳû취Ͼ֮ǰҲֻԼ·ϼ
ԼķҲûУ˼ˣ֪ˣӦе᳤ⶼС
ˣֻٵˣʵڲУˮڡ
˼սȭͷĿᶨĿʦЭ档
һֱų˼֣ܹܵԼӶ¶ĵĳ̶ȣͲӦȻԼ
ȻҲõ˲ٺôЩôҪԵΣһȣԵЩˡ
ʱһƮ
أ
˼ǬˣȥһѾסԷʵ㲻ǶӦô
˵˼ֻһ棬ҪֻܹĳЩûаѻ˵֪֮޻ޣֻҪԷΪĿҲҪ丩׳ƳΪͶǲһѹȸС
˻һ˼ٶãȻһ
԰ǿߡ
ȻǬðһ仰
˼һǬͲһ԰ѻ˵𣿻кЩŮδΪڸ㿪Цǰɣ
ҲǸղ㲻ɵһΣȡٰλ֮λ֮һǺص׷档
⡭̫ðɣ
˼һĭôʵ̫
԰ɣ᳤ҵʦǶأ
ǰ᳤ʦЭȫϡ
᳤һҲûʲôʵڲУͲҪǸ¯ˡ
᳤ҲŲһ䡣
ԣ᳤ָͷİɣ
⻰ǺⰡһ˴뱲ӻͷһ˵˵йء
᳤ʵڲ⣬޷֪Ŀء
ЦǷ£
Ȼڲǿĵʱ򣬵صⷬȴǵڳ˵һЦ˻
᳤һ죬޲Ҹضȥ
˼ü˲ء˼ҿЦΡ
ôһŭλ˭֪ᷢʲô
ʵڵԼӵİΣ뱧ֱ뿪ʦЭᣬһ̯ӣٽӵȥĲ㡣
-

634 

ҿδأҾͲţͷȤ
˼һַǳǹǶžη֮ģãǽΪУͲţλ֮񣬻һոµﲻҪ
ˣΪһ˺ˣ˵ǰͷҪʧˣôͶҪٹܡ
ܸ޶ȡ
˼˵ͷǴӦ֮롣
᳤˼Ӧ¶ϲԻָһѪɫ
ʸ᳤ʲôҩ
ɵ
̶֣ó˶һ
ɵɵĵҩңɵ֮λֻͣ޳Ǵδƹɵֻ˵ֵҩȴǲ֪˵ʲôЧ
˼·˵ļʱ꣬ʱڽ͵ɵǷ֮˲ܳԵĵҩһƷƷΪˣ׻һķѡɵʲôЧҲֻ֪ʮ󡣡
ûа벻һȻۼ֤ɵ
ɲһѽ췢һУɹ£ҵ֪޳ǣôһλʦ

۲ֹ˼ȨʲôҲûʼɵҪֲ
˼ɵҪֲһһдø᳤ʱ򣬻᳤ЩѪ
飬ߴֲÿһֶǼֵǵ֣ҪǰЩȫóʦЭĵֲҪͿա
ŴľĻ᳤˼Ҳߴ٣ǵȻĿ𴦡
ã᳤ŴֻЩ𣿡
˼ɻĿ᳤˵ơ
᳤ݺݵس˳ǣԼǷ˰ɣ
󣬻᳤ŶϺͼ״һǰȥֲϺ͵Ҫһȥ᳤ԴǾܾˡ
˼֪ЩֲǳʦЭԪˣ¶֪ԽԽá
ңʦЭҪ鷳ֻиۣҪʲôҲı䲻ʲô˲⸱᳤
˼御ʣµıǿˡ
Ȼ᳤ֲѾʱˡ
˼һֱԼҷģҲʱ
᳤ֲװһֲУɴ˱᳤֪̫ñ֪װĶʲôֲ
ڽӵʱ򣬻᳤һǿ˼㡣
ͻ᳤εĳ˼һ۱㿴˻᳤뷨˵ͷû᳤˵Ŀʼ׼Ů
ʵҲŮһЩʦЭŮӡ
ֻΪ޺ŮӲٴʦЭĳȹǴԼص·
ΪЧﵽãŮӻҪ޹
һŮӴĻ֦չʱһϵˣ۵Ļˡ
ֻٵŮԼ곤һЩˣĶų˼ߡ
ҲãҲӦıˣô᳤飬ҲͱõӦˡ
˼ֲٶӽ¯ڳһۻҡ
ղŶʲôֲ̫ˡ
ƽʲô֪Ҳơ
̫죬˼΢΢ǣҪǸǿָ׼ЩҪڡ
ɵ˼޷֮ǰģ˿̣Ѿȫ֮УһһĽԼĻ棬һһ¯ڵֲ
һḶ́˼ظ˲һٴΣټɵʱһûɵķ͵عƷ˳˼ȹڣʹ˸Ǿޣ˿̣Ⱥ֮УмƮݡ
ˡ
վһԵǬӣͣſˮ
˼ûһǬĵǣĳ˳ԼˣһһǸúµġ
öŮ
Ȼһ۵ϯȫ
޵Ůֻ󼹱һţһεĴһ㣬סǵ֫˱㲻ܿƵȥٶ֮첻˵ɴʹ޷ͷеֿ
ͬʱ˼һ
¯һը죬ţſɢҫ۽ĵҩʷɳȥ
˼һ㣬һ˾浹ȥ
ҿش˰֣Ȼ˼ɾ͵ˤһ˲ˡ
ǾλŮӵĴҲһͽȻһɣɵȥĵطȥ
ȻɵֻҪҳˣ˵ǰɽ硣
ǵӰȴֻĺ
ֱԶȥеһХڳˣһĳȡ
쿴ˡ
-

635 һ

λ֮𣿡
ǣⳡʵ̫׳ˡ
ΪʲôûƼλ֮أأ
Ȼ֮ǲĵŮϲִɱɱҪ˧硣
ɣΪʰһ˱𵽳Ц
Ҳԣ˵ɵˡ
вٿŵˣ˵˾Ļ
˼һֱ濴֮ϵ֮˵ʵڵģϣ¶ϾʦЭ˶ԲȡвŮϣδ֪ˣôЩŮǲǾͻزˡ
˼䣬һ޴ĺӰ˶ʱɵۣ֪ܡ
ؼԣæߺľͶ㿪
˵գϳ˼תȫգ۹˼ɿ⡣
ȻӦЩȫںӰ֮ǰ˵˰ȫ
䡭
һ죬̳
ȥô֮
ߣһµ壬Ҵܣɱ㣬ǿͬΪķϣ´ΣͰĽ
һ߿ѹ˼͸
ˣ˺صˣ˿̣ӴһһڵϣήҲ
ںɫ֮ϣɢڱʯһĿĹʡ
˼֪ģܿƵ֡
ҪֹѾˡ
˼ָⴥ֮ʱڳ뵹һ
Ϊ˼Σǵˣ̲סİ᳤ǿɲġ
ǣģҲ°ߣӡ
˻һȥԼӣ׺ݵĵ˵˻ˡб˵һ飬һķͷ곤֮ߵҰݡ
ˣˣ
˵һص棬Լ⡣
ŭʲ˼඼ڵѪ
ôҪͷΪһɵˣ˵Ǿ䲻ɵĻŭأӦñԼӵġ
˼û°ɣ
ȥں֮ϣһĳ˼ǵġ
ңԶ㡣
һΪԼˣʶʼƢתһ룬־ﲻԡ
˼ǲΪ
ûУȱ˵˱ְºٸ͡
˼򵥼仰ش򷢺ؾĿʼάֳˡ
Ҳϣ֪ڲá
Ȼ˲֪ǣں֮ʣ˼Ϊһκ˾Ī֮޽ԼһԼ
˼˼¡
Ůˣ˭ҵģϽԼĨҿɲ뱳һŮӷȥ
Ժдһ۵졣
˼ЦֻҪˣԼͻʧҪ㣬ǳϧģһҪˡ
롣

˼ǾãɵĽԴӺͺ޽Լʱ֪˵뷨
˾ȻЦһţѵ벻һͨ
˼⼸ɵͰ͸㵱ˣģԶᱳ㣬Ϊǵ޽ԼǱµģֻҪұ㣬ؽ𡣡
ʱλ֮ʴ
˼΢΢һ㶣˫֮ʣֻһɫĲӰʧ֮С
˿̣˿˼Ŀ⸴Ӽˡ
˼һүŮôλ֮񣬻ػضһαһ¡ء
ѩܹ˳˼һӵȫȻںڵϼһǽ֮ߵĺ
˼ѩ챻ˡ
˵գ˼ЦĿĳΣﵱ𣿡
һ㶼⵱裬ĵǣҪ̬Գ˼ҲǸһ㹻װķӣָһƶķӣȻһֱſ
˼֪ˣӣȻӴ˵ǻһ
һֱȥֲ¶û취˼ֻԼľѹ
ԴӺͺ޽Լ󣬳˼ɶԺʩչѹԴͷ
ǰһ뻹ſڵ˼ݣһ룬Դ͸һ۵ȥ
ұ仹𣿿ˡ
һŤ޴ۿɼٶСֱһ֮ߣ̶һΣΪһź۵Ŀꡣ
˵㵱ǵ˴ߣҲʮѽ
˵ʲô
ģ˼ֻúһ̧ۣ۱㿴ԼҷĿ
Ҿǿ˵˵
˵˵ҲУҽ齫͸ӵ
ðɣֻˡ
˼̧ۿʼ֮о
-

636 

˵ˣЦˣⲻڸĪ
ںԼ԰εʱ򣬳˼һ仰ֱӽٲ
㲻й¶ԼݣֻԾӣô꣬ɲҪź㣬ߴˣСӰҪǱҷΥء
֪ˡ
ĵͷԼı»Ÿոտʼɣ
ˣڸңЩ°ߵŮӶȥ
ʦЭϱߵɽ׾ҵ
Ĳɵ·һжûйϵһ
˼᳤᳤һĭ漴ŶϷԸȥ˽һ
ֻǡ
᳤˵һȥ˼
˼Ҳ᳤֪ʲô
ɤӣתźжЩŮʲôõ顣
ûУǵԵʲôҲûЩŮԶſ߽ͦһûߵѾ˳ۣҲû¡
˵ţų˼ԵѩüŪۡ
ѩ৵һ¾ͺˣߵҪ㵽˼ԴԼ̬֮
˼ߡҿǹĲˡ
ҲǹޡҲġ
ҪͣԽ;ԽǷ֣ԼǰٿĪ硣
˼ΣȻ̣˿ǡ
ǻۣ֪͸ӣǺ¶ǻ¶
һӭԼҷĿ⣬˼ֻܰǰ˵ǰ㣬ʱѺԼߡ
ѩȴȥǵСԺЪţһҪ᳤˵
ţ˼
ѩӲͷƤǰ棬Ų鲻Ըĺ˾һ󸾣һֻôСǹ
棬˼ЦǻڣЦ
ȵѩͺԶ˼δ뿪ΧߣͷͿʼۡ
ߵ᳤ǰʦѾ᳤ǲӦöֳŵ
Ӧ᳤Ŀ϶ˣֲ԰ʦЭᣬר˰ϣʲôʱãʲôʱժ
ô鷳᳤ֻҪңҵƬֲ԰ͳɡ
˼ŲҪʦЭϹͷŽأһָ׼´ʦЭʱ򣬾鷳ʱ
᳤ֻţ˼֪Ƭֲ԰жѲͨ챾£ֱӽֲ԰߲ɡ
˱ûж룬ͽһʦЭĵӣΪ˼·
˻ţͱ᳤ʦ˸ظҸҸΪɣʦЭᡣ
вˣڳ˼ߣԶԶĿҲУǾڳ˼ʱһŵҩ
ôһССԸ᳤ҲûдӦۿϲߣִõĳϣЩ˽ǿƴʩ
ŽųȥЩƫŽųȥ
ϲߵ˳Ե˿ͷֻɢ
˼ȥȻҪš
Ƕǰֲ԰ĵӣһֱѡ
ǸŵĵӣѧϰҪ츳ĵӻҪҲ֪ԼôˣҸʣһʦ鲻ʱʡ
ǸǶ˲ˮģۿʦڿˣȴ
ŵˣһ˱Ƴɵĸ᳤
˿ν޳ǵһˣҪڶû˸һ
ܴõһָ̣ôδԾо޴
ιǴȥֲ԰éķ򰡣
˼סŲɵĿ·ĵӡ
·̧ͷҲɵˣæתʮǸεĳŶ˹˹
Ǹҷ⣬ûмо۾Ҳû濴·ŰѶλۻ֮ء
˼ͦòһʱģЩϧš
֪ʲô⣬ɷһ
᳤Ըָҡ
㿴ҵĻ;ʡ
˼£ͻȻеڴλĵˡ
һԵضپͷۣӾӣʲô¶Ҫܣأ
û취Ҫ̽⣬ȻһԸҲĵߡ
ؾ룬Ҳܾ޷޷ԭɣȻ츳ռһ룬Ȥϸռһ룬ͱ츳УȤŨȫһʦӵѬգŻнƷʦڡ
ţ·Ѿʼˡ
᳤Ҿʱܰ뵽飬޹أԹоЩ޹ؽҪ棬͸һ㣬һӿԣǣ¯һֱըһֱʧܣҪΣҾҪˡ
-

637 ǹ

Ҹһġ
˼Ц
ôᣬҪһΪθ᳤ƳôƷʵĵҩ
·ӲŵĿų˼
˼ʼ磬Ҳλ·ӣ˵˵Ĵһ˼άĲͬʱ¶¶ЩǱ˵ģֻҪպʱ䣬õҩɺֻƺ¯ڵ¶ȼɣȥģνʧܣڻûҩʱ״ԣһʼʱ䣬ֻ¶
ԭˣл᳤ָ㡣
·һ˲ĶϵЦݡ
˼˵ͷû˵ʲôӴ·
˼ȥжһ˵һֲʵĵӣ϶һΪ
ܿ죬ӾͰѶ˴һ೤ϰصԺӡ
Ժſڰݱ˶ˡ᳤ӣֻǵˣʣµ·ֻԼߡ
лˡ
˼ŵ¶һЦݡ
һ㶣źΡ
ؼ״ɱˡߣŴһ𣿡
ǣߡ
ӱŵһ£һԶܣһ߲ʱ߿
˼ɵðһԼҷһųëô졣
ߣЩһãͲһһô졣
ѧˣӡ
˼ȥصڣһ¡¡ĳŸֳЦ⡣
һͬԺӡ
᳤롣
Ժӣ˼ȿľվһŹǰ峤ϡ
ֲ԰Ź֮𣿡
ʦЭؾ˴ʼġ᳤ģֲÿ죬ⲢûΣա
峤˵
˼Ի˿峤ϵʾ£Լҷһ𴩹ǵʰ쵵Ĺ֮š
һۣش

˼̲סŲͬơɽˮһ޼Ҳֲ԰˼ˡ
ŸƬֲ԰͸һ̳Ƭ͸һʹġ
᳤㿴ֲ԰ѽ
ĩˣ峤ҲŽˡ
һ˫֣ʵķƵʵϾڴߴٳ˼ѡ
˼ҧأָݶֲ԰˵ҾҪ顣
ãľƣϸ᳤֣ӴƬֲ԰͹鸱᳤ˡ
ˣھߡ
˼ааһЦּ䣬ֲ԰ͬһ֮Ҳʧˡ
峤ϼ״ŵֱӵڵء
⡭ʲôͨ
峤𼤶ʲôͨһռ鱦ѡ
˼æȥ峤ϡ
峤Ͼã˼ʦЭֲ԰Ҫˡ
ˣ븱᳤һ뿪ɣ
峤ϴߴŶˡ
˼֪¶иȣҲûȥռˣ͹ԹԵһ뿪ֲ԰
ºֱӻСԺ
峤Ҳŷ飬һһʮĸ᳤˵ˡ
᳤ҲĴĿġֻ飬ҪǶʮ飬ٿ飬ҡҲҡ
᳤֮ǰѸ᳤ߣĪҪˡ
ȥȥȥ֪ܲ?߲ߣȫԸһŭ⸱᳤ˣʦЭ˵һ޴ʧڿɼʦƵĵҩλ֮񶼲أĻƷųȥ֪ЭὫõĺô𡣡
᳤̶峤ʮָ
峤ϲץץԴʲô˼
ţǵʮ
᳤ţΪôҪġ
峤׹Ĵյ᳤ǰ᳤ǵøҵô
֪ˣ϶ٲģǣҪסԼ졣
᳤ǵġ
ʱϺֱŶ룬ŵû᳤һ¡
᳤Ŀɨˣ͸õһû취ϻЦҲٲǵġ
˼ԴصСԺ󣬾Ŵ˺ü硣
صĲѣæʵ˼ǲȾ˷纮ҪҪ
û¶߶Ұɣ
˼ֻӣͽռ䣬ڲ棬˳㽫ǬͺҲŪȥڣǵӦҲġ
ֻԼ˵֣ⷬ߶ܴˣ֡
ûãѩʹűı׵ĺ˳˼صķ䡣
˼ǷСϱһίģ̲סЦˡ㰡ǹĲˡ
ǹԣޡ
һ׵ϸߵӣĿų˼
ˣʹȥλСˡ
˼һָһ˾ƾʧˣǸ˿϶ֻᾪһѡ
-

638 ͬ

ҩռ䣬˼ϣԴסϹٰ٣Сһͺˡ
ʱϹٰѾˡ
һӵĲˣſˣ˼ݺݵس˳ǡ
ǮҲô԰
¹ǻˣλǡ
ϹٰٲĿˣĿͣ˺ϡ
λ˽СڣԺ͵ӵСࡣ
ҿ԰𣿡
һ˫۾źǻϲ
ҪȴǱ˼һƵϢġ
ԣˣǵã֮֮Ǹ۸֪һĲǡ
˼ĿԼӣڸǴԤ롣
жѣΪŮ˻Լӣȴվߡ
֪ˣҾ˵˵˵ҵǣһûгɣһԡ
նյС֣غͳ˼УʾԼԡ
ѩñкóԵͿʼԺ
һ׼˼촽΢̣ĿŲࡰ㲻𣿳Щ˵ζҲ
ǬڵŲӣ漴Դ߿˼Ŀʱŵ˵ˡ
˼Ǭʵ󣬾ĺļ򡰱˺ҲҵˣԺʲôҿ
˼󣬵Ǭȴˡ
˿̣Ǭʹģ֪ˣͲӦ˵ʱվҪȻҲᱻ
ñͷ÷ëԼǵ޷֮ˡ
һ룬ãҪСʹǵˣͰͼĳӵʹһй˺֮ĵŭ𣬶ԼҲܵˣһΪ˵ҫȨ
ֻҪ뵽Щ˼ͲƺҲÿпˡ
ԣ͹ԣĥĥ䣬Сĺүү㡣
ָǬһָǬͲܿƵķɵǰ
Ǭŵòᣬ˼Ѱӣκγ˼Ѿأӣ£ֻߣһˡ
Ǭ㻹֣һŭĸо
ͥСһΪҵˣвɵÿʼ
壬ղһнʲôҲѧܽ̽𣿡
ͷһݵĿ
һ˲Ĵ㶣Ӧ̲סϲ
̣ʹӦòˡ
нϬһָֻҪָ׼ҪĶˣһ㣬ԷͻǰѧкǸӣٽ̸Ρ
ã壬齴ţ⣬Ϲٴģζܺá
ۿ˵ĺôֿʼʾˡ
ⷬʹ˼أҲеʼˡ
ǵĶӣǼвˣһֻһ˼вˣʵе˼
ദ˺г˼еʯͷˡ
극˼СһǬͺĴ˽һ£ָϹٰһ
֪ϹٰĿǰѾǰƷΪʱ򣬳˼ֱӴվ
ô֮죬͵Ҵĵҩ˰ɣ
¹ĪҪ˵Ц͵𣿾ҪԣҲȥá
Ҳ˼һ㶼ãֻҪչӲලǳԷͳɡ
һ˼Ͱϵһ顣
ĵҩ󣬿ǸӵʳȣЩʲôҲǡ
Ϲٰټ˼˽ţеĽ˲ɢ١
ǳ¹ռԵʰɣҾһ죬ȵùһꡣ
ֲã֮ǰҲͻͽš
˼Сૡ
Ȼһʹ˼͵̧ͷԼҷ
˵أ
سΣպ;ʾĿⶢó˼ЩϲԴ׵ķٴΰ
˵ֲᣬȻǵġ
˿̵ķΧ𽥱Σ˼ԼҷϹٰЦЦһĿϹٰ١ˣָΪŶˣϷɽͷƬֲ԰ʱĻæտһ¡
û⣬¹Ҫ𣿲ǵĶӴк
Ϲٰһֱ⣬ϾռҲкüˣӽڣֹһʹСһǵĵһ㶼һΡ
Сһÿÿʣͻ̲ס
ϹٰϲӣСС;޷ʱڸĸߵˣϹٰҲͬܡ
-

639 ԿǾͺ

ˣǿ϶أҲûʱ
˼˵ķƵʵγѶӴߣֻܡ
ñ֪Լӵ׳ʲôģ
ڵĿͯ꣬ǱȺ׷ɱ
Щ꣬жϵľߣҵߣʧܸա
˼ϲв뱻˴ߴ磬ΨӽȫʲôҲġ
ǡ
Ϲٰٻ˵ʲôȴǱ˼Ĵϡ
Ϲٹӣ˺ӣͻᶮˡ
»˼رȥѩˡ
Ϲٰٿ߿Ϊε̾˿˺ӣҾҪߡ
ֻǣ仹бȳ¹õŮҪкӣȵҵͳ¹һŮӲС
ϹٰٲֹһԼȻÿεõĴ𰸶ǣ¹ǳ¹ûκܸᲢۣǶһ޶ģϲҲǶһ޶ġ
Զһ𣬾һЩҲǺõġ
Ҳһˣͳ¹һ߽УҲԺ˭Ҳ˵׼
Ϲٰû룬ȥ˳ʼϴ롣
˼ҵѩ󣬱ѩһ뿪ҩռ䡣
صϢСԺ˼Լҷѩһ˵һ衰ƵĲ衣
ҿҪһ
ѩȲĶСһڡ
ţжֹ֭͹治
ѩһߺһ߳ų˼˴Ĵָ
һ漴ѩͻصԼķϢ
ѩߺ󣬳˼ȴûҪ˯˼
ԼҷҪƿռ䵤ֵҩǾƷǾƷȴɵ죬Ҫͷһ
˼˵ʲôԺͷȥҲϲ
㰡ɫͿȾ
˼ʹšһصĶ䡣
سʹ뵽ӻĶ䣬ְѶ˴ա
˼㵽ΪֹȥЦ⣬㿪ʼˡ
һҹδ˯ֱڶ̫¯¯һ򿪣漴Ʈ˾ſźɫĵҩ
ſźɫĵҩðźҩƯŵľŵҲǺڵģ֮ռ䵤˵ĸоǱī֭Ҫϼ
˼ռ䵤ΪǺɫġ
쵤мأռʼںڰһжԴںڰڰǿռ䡣
ҲֻҪƵĵҩҶԡ
ùһſռ䵤˵ͽ
ÿ࣬ߵࡣ
ҩ¶ǵأɫĽ
˼֪ռ䵤ʲôζ쵤صҲ٣Ҫķ
Լҷʹ࣬˼Ҳܣʹӿռһǲ𿪵ݵϡ

ؽǣͽûһɫŻָ
˼ǲǾһ̫ᡣ
ŰǣһĿ˼
˼϶ǸѧģҪȻôġ
ûУռ䵤ܹܿ࣬㡣Կܲнҩռ䡣
Ҫô
£ֻҪɽҩռ䣬ܼϹٰˣҪηԼӵθġ
ռ䵤ӵҩռľ󣬿ܲܳɹ
˼ķر㿪ʼ룬Լȥĵط
Ǹҵĵطֵֹ߻ŵˮζأص㿪ʼת
һ̣˼ߵķʧӰ١
ʱѾңΪȷһвΣȥӵķ䣬Ƕ˳˯뿪
ٴο˼ϲѡɹˡ
˼ԺҲռˣʵ̫ˡ
ؽ˼뻳УĲԶ͡
ţ͸ͥһšһšǬһšѩϹٰٸһš
ϹٰҲҪ
ٴΰ
˼΢΢һ㶣˲ôһˡ
ҪǲģԺռ䶼һ𡣡
ˣ⣬˭ԡ
˵ĴȻʵԼӶԼŵ󣬲˴ȵġ
ȻŶûС
򵥳Թ緹˼ѩٴҩռ䡣
ѿռ䵤ַȥʱ˶µġ
ҾͿԸܵһռ𣿡
ͥ˷ܵĿԼ׶ˣһֱ黳¶ͺռ䣬Ͳ׵Ķһ
Կ
˼ͥԴߴٵ
ͥ˵ͷһͷ㽫ռ䵤̽˶
ÿ࡭Ż
ͥ¿ռ䵤ɫ˲ףűŻ֢״
˼ǵĶӻʲô⣬æŶԷļ˵ӣҪǲ³ġ
ã̫ˡ
̧ͥͷС켷һˡ
˼֮ǰӦԼҷͥһǡ
-

640 ռ

°ǵͥüͷչ
˼һҩռ䣬ҲΪ˶ӺͷԳһⵤҩжࡣ
ԡ
ͥһŰǣһ˷ܵĿ˼
˼ͷ㣬˵ÿռ䵤֮ʱĴͥѾʧӰ١
Ƭ̹ͥһγǰ
˾֮࣬׷˼Ͷȥ̾Ŀ⡣
ֻ֪νĵҩҲΪߡһ֢ģû뵽ǣг˵ҩռġ
˼Щ˼ͷת֡ﻹУһһţˣһ£ǳֻ֮ǽռ䣬ǴǿнôǸ˾ͻ˲
˼ûôɵֻҡ
ܵҲзݡ
˼ֵһѩԴѩһѱס˼
˼Ҿ֪ˡ
ѩⱲӳ˵ΨһںľܵܡΪѾ״򲻶ĵزûϣһ¥ˣĵܵܲͬŬһѣϣġ
õܵܽռ϶°빦
ңţֻҪ˼ô˼ߵҲкˡ
˷¿ռ䵤󣬱㰴ճ˼˵ģʼռ䡣
ϲǣ˼κ֪ˣڿʼռˡ
һ̣˼һ󵨵뷨
һֱãռԶûбϿô򵥣ǽõﻹǶһſռ䵤ǲǾζţǴڲͬ򣬵ǿͨԵĵط뵽ռ䣬ȻǾͿڿռﳩһԷˡ
һǣҺ͵Ȼ޴
ֻҩռ䣬Ƿ߱缶ĿռҪ˵ˡ
ڣݳ˼˽ģͬһ磬ͬĵطǿռ䡣
ߡ
뵽һ㣬˼޲ȥʵ飬ǱԼҵķһ뿪ҩռ䡣
뿪˻࿴˿¶һ㶮Ҷ顣
µģԼĶӣȫҪӿڳԵҩ󣬱нҩռ䣬ޱЩҪӽνռ䡣
Լӵĸ־ٴ룬ڣͲ²Ҫȥȥʲô
ܴأ̲ס˵˼᲻رûãģ˽㡣
˼鲻ԼҷɧԾؾͣ
תͷԼҷҪ֪ʲôǻʹ࣬ΪֻһԴ㲻Ҫ롣
Լ˵ʲô˼ֻӲЩ˲١
ڳ˼ִ˵̫ӰʲôӦһģֻҪһ۱ˣ֪Էʲô
ʱᱻԷ磬Է͸ĳˣΪһһ͸飬ܺߴ˲ĥӰ죬ôһӦ˸֪ҲܵӰ졣
˼ǵһӰУһӵӦˣ֪һλϸرӶִӦ߱ݺݵĽѵһϸ˵Ķӣϸ˸ûӣǸĺӲǱϸƭĿС
ԣ˼ΪһӦ֮󣬻һǳ顣
ΪʱԽǽӽ࣬һţֻ˸š
Ҳţ֮ҲҪӦͬˡ˴زŻߵøá
ʦЭһ·߱ڣ˫֮ʱȻһƬһ޼ʵֺ֮С
ؼ羰̧ͷϡͷɽٿɫЩ糺ӣԶЦ˼ˣѲӡ
˼飬ͻһ仰׵⽹ۡ
ʲôأ뿪޳ǡ
˼ޱȵĿԼҷ
һȥָָ֮һò˵Ӧÿԡ
˼˳ԼҷָķȥȻһ˿ϸ΢
ô֪ġ
˼Щ
Ϊ㣬֮ǰϾʱܰǰ鼮мع뿪޳ǵİ취дҳ˯ţҲ㷭˼飬ˡ
˵ķƵ
˼Ҳֻѡţ˭жԷ!
Է֮õĶˣûõ鵹һӣ˼ЩеãͺˣԽ컹ôһá
ʵϣоǰЩ鼮˹ڲʼʲôĶǶһһ䣬о˺ü²ųеŵ
˵ˣ޳ʵԭһС磬֮һϵʶ޳ǻȥԭ©ͬģԭҲ޳ǵķӡ
©ճ˼˼άǿռ
-

641 һ

һ㣬һ˺˵Ŀռڶͺñȸǧɽˮӣնύ㵽һط
ռڶ֮ŵأܻˮ͸˴ˡ
ԣ뿪޳ǵķӣ֮еĿ϶ֿ϶õǰУһһֽ֮ûоƷΪ
ͬģҪǲ˽ЩҲûã꼻һְˡ
һš
˼¶˾ģҪʵ顣
á
Ӧº󣬱ͳ˼һͬĵطƬ̣һɫбǰ
˼ջ֣һѹʵĵҩʵֻб󿴵һƷ֮󣬿ٳźɫȥ
ؾ˼Һһ𡣡
УţҵʵɹˣԣңҲµġ
˼ȰԼҷԷӦ󣬳˼һڣһͷ˺ɫС
ֻ˲䣬˼оתɽ
ʱȴϤաء
ֻҲϡ
˼̰ĺԭĿʱһֻɰͰ͵ֳס˳˼°ڡ
㣬Ů𣿡
Ů
˼΢΢һ㶣漴еԼĽǲȵʲô͵һ
ͷȥȴһڵŮһƲϯ֮ϡ
Ůи߰꣬ݵĲΡ
˼Ů˫֮ʱǺݺݵĳһ
Ů˫ȽãŲȵľŮһȡ
˼ûڼˣŮȥ۽ǵˮҾŮСѣܸܲң
Ůͬʱ˼ҲŮ
ҵǸŮˣҵȾǴϱˤϵģѾһˣ˾ͳơ󰡢Ҷҡֻһͷ֪Ůܲܡ
ֵ𣿡
˼Ů֣ѾŮ˽⡣
Ů˸Ⱦ⣬ж걻˶ľڳ˼ڲǳˣƶǿͨ̽鵽ġ
ޣֻԺ޵ûܾҵͺñڵңȻ˫ȴû
Ů˼Ķó˼ĪĿġ
ŮʣϧǸû츳ģǺ֣ܲϴ赤Ҳжǿ̤һ;Կһ˺
һʳǡ
ܺãϣԶס仰ҪһУΪûʲôȻŸҪҪӦһ飬ֻҪҾκ˫ȣҸıһδ
˵գŮǼҪ
˼ģ˰֡Űɣ㲻ϲЩġ
㾡ܷԸֻҪģʲôҶԸ⡣
Ů⻰˼Ц˵ǿġ
㰡ңǱˣɱΪĿģԺֶΰ
ҲģҽŮҲô˵ġŮǺɣʵַ˵Ը
ŮĿų˼ϳϣ
˼ҩռһͨ˵ιŮ¡ܻۣҪ̲˿Կ޿Խкû˳Ц㣬һֱߡ
ţҲ۵ġ
Ůų˼һЦһ̣С˲Ұ
Ů˶ڷ˼æݸŮһɾëҧס˵ͷ
ŮûоܾĽëһҧ
ԼĪһʱŮƵķë
˼ҲһŮļԿܲվ
Ůƣӣһʹӵվ
㣬㻹ŮҶ˳ˣ㶼κá
Ů˵žҪ¹
˼ûоܾûвԷ
Ҫľһȫĵطһ٣Ȼ͵۶ǵĳ¸㵽˳¸ҲõĻᰤˡ
»˼ͰһԵĺȵİڵŮǰŮһЩӣ·ϵ̲
ŮԵĲû̫⣬ǽ˼źãһ¡
㣬֪Ǹ¸˵¸иС㻹Ǻµҽֻǽ꣬ʧһ㡭
Ůʼ˼İԣ˼ĵţżЦ˵ʵڵģŮ˵Щԣûһǳ˼ģ벻˰ִЩ־ܳЩ˲綼ˡ
Ů˵ˣȥڵϵĳԵġ
˼ЦЦ˵ԵټǵãҪһˣ˺ˣ˺õˣЩˣԲ
֪ңҾʮֻ˭ĶңҾ͸˵ţ
ԣˡ
˼ŮԴһ˾ʧӰ١
Ů㶣Լȣֿ˿ϳԵĶţŵһжģΡ
㣬һøãһĻ
Ůų˼ʧĵطĿ
뿪Ůĳ˼ܿ죬ֻصʦЭḽɽ֡
ؼԼӻˣæӵվ˼û°ɣ
û£ȥֱܲӽռ䡣
طӦĻᣬ˼һƣ㽫ƽ˺ɫС
ҲûΪ֪ӻô
û뵽ǣһƣֱӻصԭ
ϤĵطпƬ̣رŽռ䣬һһ̣ر˿ռ֮С
ռ˽룬˼Ҳȥ鿴Լҷʱ򣬳˼ˡ
ؽ˼뻳Уֹı˵ˣ˵˵㵽ʲô
-

642 Цͺ

һЩռ䵤ʱҵĵﻹ˳ԣҲͿԽռˡҷһʵ飬ռ䣬ͬ˽棬һҾͲٵķԺ¶ˡ
ϸ¡
ҲŴãϾɲԼͷҪ
һҲûܷɹ٣ǻڿռؾۣһһþá
뵽ЩҲʶһǳص⡣
ճ˼˵˼ҩռܣϣԽ֪Խãûʮİգռ䵤ˡ
İɣֻҪϲˣ˿ռ䵤Ҳûá
˼˰֣һгı顣
֪϶֪ģȻѧǳ฾ɰʵף˴һռ䣬ܹǺõġ
ǵ⻰˵ġ
磬˼뿪ʦЭϢ᳤һڳȫһ
˺ѽҾŲˣ˵ʲô˼ҲǸ᳤סϣҲ޼ƿʩ
᳤յĺһ衣
ϸһԸ͡ǰˣҲҪչˡ
УҿˣôţԸ᳤ĵҩ𣿡
᳤ЦЦĿϡ
һ˵ôᣬˣⵤҩŵɽٵʱԣһˣҿҪԼ̬ǰɽ硣ڳˣʦЭ˭ϡ
ͱɣҿǹ˱ŵ
᳤죬ûȥ׷ʣϾ˼Լ¶Ҳܲˡ
˼һлصûãһλó˼⾪ϲ˱ˡ
һϮµķã˼æӭȥǰʲôʱ뿪ʦЭᣬ˵һ
ѽ϶Ǽβߣɲ˼ķͷ
ǰͰ˵Ц
˼ֻЦߵԱΪõһ衣
ýӹ裬֮һ
ŷúÿüͷ˼֪Է֮
ǰ¶
Ҳʲô¶˼㻹ǵ֮ǰ˵ֶĲ
˼ţķûеõͨ쾵ʱ򣬾˵¡
ֻǺʱȥʦЭᣬ¶һֱš
뼰ˣ˼ûڲѡ
ǰңҪȥֶβҲᵢˡ
˼βɱô˵
֣˼һֻ
˼ŶԷƵ¶ȣǲ֪뵽ԼףĵǣСҲ֪ûнǷ͵Լϡ
ü˼˼̽ǲûʱ䣬ûϵֶⲡҲкܳʱˣٿҲûʲô˼ǰҪ¶ȽϺá
ǰҲ˼㣬ҾԼһоرС
˼õ֣Լϲ˲䡣
һٴ룬ǷҲû뵽
˼ʶԼЩЦǰҸҼ׾
ã˵ҶеĽˡ
뵽ʲô齥
˼ʦЭʱ׶˵õһЩܣÿÿἰˣöİˡ
˼һұ˰̵ˣ֪һƢ𱬵ˡ
ΪԼĺ棬Ӷ˺ãԱתƻ⡣
ǰǺʱ̡
ʲôô
ΪԼˡ
˼ЦֶĲϲãǳ緹̡
˼á
øмѣһѽ˼ӵ뻳С
ʱ߽Ϊ˶һϴõĲݮ
ǰҪҲϣҼϲߡ
òҲ֪ĳ̳ӵԼӱ죬Ҫһǰ
˼ı£ĸֲأ
ͨˣ˼ˣǴļѡδĸѡ
ֻҪȥôС
ЦΡ
˼ԭﻢ£ã챻Լҷˣʲôϲߣ⻰˵Ļᡣ
ĩˣѩ˽ã˼Ǽ˾ݡ
ѩ˿ݮ
˼һִԲĵݸѩ
˳˳ǣĿ˼˼Ϊʲôһǲǲϲˡ
Ȼ˴˻һȴֺޱȣûпǸɷ
ҵ˼ǣĲݮʡ
𣿳ﻹиʵģһȥϴ㡣
Цһס˵ھͰ
æȥѩȴǱѩ㿪ˡ
㣬
˷һҽС
˼ΣֻöԼҷЦˣɱ˵ˣСҪ㡣
-

643 ̫

һûԼӵĻ£ֻһ뷨ǾСӣϴһĲݮðֶϴݣԷŻǵԼݡ
ȥɣ
˳ſڣغĽһơ
˸ովȣͿƽʱĴͰװ˼ӽһСɽôߵĲݮ
⡭ôࡣ
ǰֶʣϽϴɣҼӴݮƣϴĺ͡
Ҫʮ̳ݮơ
ʮָرȻš
ɫһĵǣҪģʹû˲Ҫġ
ӵȷҪݮƣЩݮʮ̳Ҫʮ̳
ʵڲУС̳һһ̳װʮ̳ҲռԼӵĶˡ
Ͼݮƣӵôܱһˡ
ãһΪϴɣ
»رˡ
Զ˳һ͵ﵽ棬ԼļѾߣ⼸˰æϴݮôһһ
ˣǰһӣڳලϴݮ
ز֪³﷢һУҲ϶ˣʴˣȥʱϻЦ⡣
ѩ״ȴǲΪȻԼҵܵܣǵܵʲôУ֪
ǳ˼Щˡûдˡ
ûУڳϴݮأ
㰡ͺˣȥͷһŵĹӸ硣
˼ȴҲΪ˿ѵɣԼά̫ԣ⵽ĲΨûάˣѩġ
˼˺һſѩ
ѩЦ˼ǵܾܵҪ˳Σûµģֵķִ硣
ˣȥ¥緹ɣ
˼˰֣ߵԷֱۣסѩ˾صǰνһ·ٿ˵
ͻȻ뵽Լӳ˵һ仰Ůһ̨Ϸ
ۼپ⻰ʮе
ķ˵¥ȴһֱûȥ
²֪¥Ҳǳ˼Ĳҵ
˼˵¥ʮֻ𱬣Ҫ¢޳ǵľ¥ˡ
ڰɣϾÿ˶Ժʡ
˼ǫ飬ʵпĵѽ˵Ҫˡ
ʣô˵ıȳԷĶࡣ
Сһ䣬󣬵˼ˡ
¥ȷģ޷˰ˣ˵ʵڵģƾǼҲ˵¥쳣𱬣˼ܾʲô֪ģˣȥһҲӭжˡ
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һţνɽ˺˼һִˣãԼ´һҪȵ޹֮˵Ľš
ƹĿ˳˼أǲҪܣһ·ϻƷһò͵Ŀ˵ӡ
ϡ
š
ƹҪϰ壬ȴǱ˼һ˻ȥ
ƹæĿڡλӻλż롣
ƹһ߲Ŷͷϵĺһ߽żҺһֱΪԼһż䣬Ǹռˣ浣Լƹ񵱲˼ˡ
û취ϰͰ˲ţǼҲʮ㣬һԼʲôС
ż䣬˼ҲΪƹ񣬵ҪǾ˲õġ
ֲϻλƹػŵð亹
ֱϼƲ˾УȥæùǣվţܣҲܡ
úúãϾͺá
ƹã˵ϰԸһΪǴﾴ˼е־塣
ƹѾӾܣЦˡ˼ƹòǱ˰ɣ
ǰֲϲ˵ˣ£ҪƹıȱȽǣҪСҲƹҲʵߣأ˭ƹ˭˭ʤΡ
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̸־üΪϧ
ֶûеҩʯҽĲҲݳƤǣǵֶʱÿĽöԷһӣ˭룬һ󲡸ıһС
˼֪ԼֶڷҪԣ˿
ȻΪһ̶ȿԶ첻Բȣ˼ʳɶ䲻Ķ̸˵ԾͲԡ
ܿ죬¥Ʋ˾Ͷ
һʢͣҲЩˣ㿪ʼ
Եһʱ¥´кȻһ
˼ŵòᣬ֪գΪʲôʵĶ
˼£룬ߵԣƿһ
˴ɴƵĳ̨轣ʱСҲǲɵ˰ġ
ģⶼ˭ƵĲԣ̫ˡ
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644 ˭ļƲ

غƣڿԼǳԣֻŶŴʱҲǲɵǰ鿴
ɦŪ˵軭棬ֻ
˼ϲ
˼һ漴ϣֺƵסԼҷ°ڡ
Ҵˡ
ˣ
ҡʵⲻŪġ
˼ǸԩͷǰһⴴܺãǶԼҷĿ⣬;ã˲Ե˺ǳ
Ĳ㡣
¶һŵı顣
úѩһۣ˵ϼ䣬־Լʵûʲôɣֻоؿ˼ҷ޶˰졣
治ҡ
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㣬ƹȥЩ˺ߡ
شһӣҪ뿪ȥƹ
˼Щ£ҪǰЩӸߣôŮ˿;ͻɱļ١
Ҫ֪磬¥ԷȾƵġ
ͬʱҲŮ˳Ϊһεľ޴гֻҪլеŮҲдҲҪ¥ȾƳԷͷôȴĽһʾ޴롣
Уƹ˲ܺߡ
˼סء
زһ٣ʵվԼߵģҪִˣ»òʧ
ãҾͰƹ˭⡣
ҲڶģԲԼӵ⣬Ϊ޷ܣԼӿ飬ܽܣ԰Щ˱赸
ϼٸӷֿҩռ䣬ҩռ֪顣
һյĹҲȥԶĵط֡
˼ûسȥ󣬽һССȥƹ
ƹһֱԶһСŵĳҵѹйڣСʲôܣײˡ
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С֪㱧غͳ˼䣬¥
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⡭ô¶ô˵
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ƹŶ룬һͷżķΧ̫ԡ
˼˼Ƿ޺ЦӣأһǸоǷ˶ԷܶǮһ
ƹҲǸˣûʳ˼ǳص˵ͷкҪȥҶ
㲻ؾ㣬ô¡
Ŷ˵Щѵǳ¹ﰲŵ𣿡
ƹͻȻ뵽ʲô˶ڷ
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˼ѹҲЩ
ƹ󼹱Ѿ£һ˫۾װ˷֣ٵת˼ȦͻȻ뵽һˡ
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ˣ𣿡
ؼҧгݵ
ƹæͷǣˡ
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ߣҰЩ˸ߣھȥ
ط˺ݣһȥңúó²ˡ
ǿ㻹õķϣ罫竹Ӹˣʵջѡ
ƹæȥ˼ֹ׼ȥؽʱ˼סƹ
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˼̽ռ䣬˿̵Ŀռ䣬ֻϹٰ١ǬڿռƼȣΨӣɴ˲ƶϣСӿ϶ܳȥˡ
СӶҸ˿ǣҪŴ͵͵ܡ
ϻǣȥ¿Ǽݳ档
˰Ǵ˵ˡ
˼ôûô򵥣ʲôȻ¶
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ƹҲڶģڶƲ߲˳ģˡ
ƹȥˣһȥģƬ̣ƹٴλʱһһСӰ
ֽ㡢λǡ
˼
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645 

СһĿ⻹ڴã˼Щͷۡ
Сһַͨתǵעӹ˴ʣɴ˿ɼӳļƲߣǰ϶¶ˡ
ǰ
ǰãǰ㳤
ɵĳŷõ˵ͷ󻹲϶Է䡣
õʮãӳ˼ĻӹԷСԴ
ôС;𣬳˻ˡ
̫õĻҲ֪ڿЦûûΡ
ͥ˶ˣųŷùǷǷ
ͯԣͥǺʺɵĶࡣ
ضԴʮ⣬СͶȡɵΪ䲻
ܵԼ׵Ŀ⣬ʱʱԼɵӣ޲ýԴصõ
˼æȥص°ڣʾҪôס
ô¡
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ͥǰһֱվǰ
ʲô
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˵Ůƽȣ˿ȥ¥ŮҲԿ˧硣
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˼һԼţ˵⻰ԭʱû뵽ԼƽĻڶӵĶУȻӰ˶һ
ܾܲһ㣬Ҫôֱӡ
˼δ˵ֻǿͥһ˫۾˵һС
ҵ˼ǣ¥輧ܹܶŮ˿ͣŮ輧й˿͡
һ԰ɣ
رҪ𣬵СΪ¥룬ĵҪ´»С
˼ҲǸһҪ´ٳһҪСڣ֪𣿡
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ʵβСڣܵܵ⣬û취ܵôҪϡ
ƹһλգ˳ҲƵ¥ܡ
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һȥң˼һֱã˳˳ˮһˮرѩڸţ˼ֵԼȥ棬ûʵ˹ֻѩ£ϾѩҪǵ޳õƹ
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ѩȥæɣ¶ͽҺͷˡ
ţ˼·Сģؼ
ؼ
˼ѩ˻֣ѩͬų˼֡
ѩԶɻĿ˼˼ٻķʽͦر𣬻ӻ˵ؼͺ𣿡
ţֶݸ˼
˼ĵý͡
ˣͬʱִĽ˼ԷᡢŻ硢һļңֶĻаӵˡ
ôһֱֶԼĶһ۰ȴֶࡣ
һ·죬·˴һʱرȥ˸һ
𳵷˼ǾܾģȴһֱǷ޶˴һ
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뿪ĳ˼һҲɵƮԶ
˵ʵûǸŸָ߼ͨߵĵһȥɽ磬һҪ취ٻȥ򿴿˵ģڵٰʮԸ⣬Ҳý֮ǰûܹһٹһ顣
ʵڴԼҷȥһͷװߴʦƳ·Ьӣһʲô̬
ţ˼Цˡ
һֱڹ۲ԼӣԴǷɵЦ
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Ƴ˼ļ
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Ρ
ʲôΣôġ
غɵĿų˼
˼ŵζæ͡εһֵ磬ȷ绹죬ӱƲʻߣԷʲôֱһĺ˵仰ҪƬ̣͵ſˡ
˼˵˺ܶ࣬һЩͷȥβĻ˾棬Ҳκ©
ãؾҲĽĴ𣿡
Ȼڣ㻹ǵǰ˵ǧûеģпܾ硣
˼ص֣ص
˵ֻһΡ
ؽ
˼Զԣǰ˵ǸΣҪñأ
ϳķãܼʱĲ˾䡰ӣʱξӳϢǼпܴڵġҵϾйһλʦȻûκ츳ȴǿŸ˽Ӯ˲˵أֻȥҲû˴²ϧˡ
ʦ֣˼ȻȻľ뵽װԣнһ˵
ѵҲһλԵˣϹټһ
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646 ĪҪ̫

룬ǣǾ˵ģͲֹһˡ
峿һ͸ڳ˼Ľëϣ˯еĳ˼ȻȻ۾
вԼҷ˼ɴƿڳ˼ʱ򣬵ͷƼ˼ϹϾվһߵѾߡ
Ѿжˮġëġпġ
˼е£תܣʱ˾ס
ǡﰡ
س¹ǷҵլӣǷҪϴķǼ˵£¹Ҫϴȥ๫ھȥ
Ѿ߳ų˼¶Ц⣬͡
˼ǴѾߣְҵûиĻˡ
뵽Щ˼̲סִĳЩ̳Աбȶԡ
һȣ⼸Ѿ߿Ҫǵִٶܻһ
ԭˣһϴɣŶˣǰأ
˵ǾСɣȥˣת¹ܱǸû˯ڿԷҪķΣԾͰԺڡ
ţҾͲȥҼҷˣϴϺҾֱȥǵİˡ
˼Ǻһ˵ʵڵģܾû˿ˣָǸǳҽεļҲܳôһԼ
¹ƲѵС
һѾһֲŵĿ⿴˼
˼˵ͷǰû˵
Ѿҡͷٿ˼ʱ϶һЩġ
ѾǶʮֻΣӲ˼۾ġ
Сǲ˽˽⣬κˡ
˼ϴϣϵëݵһѾкѾȴǱ¶˲ͷ顣
¹ͻȻ뵽б飬Ͳ㣬ȥƲˡ
˵գѾ߾һ߿ˡ
˼ʰסأȻЩȴûһҪ˼
Ȼ˻ǲܹ⿴棬ͱЩ۵Ѿ߸ƭȥˡ
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˼ˡ
Ϥ˼ŵһ¡
תĹĵĶԼҷܲܲҪͻȻ֣˻˵ġ
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شȤų˼
˼֮ҽߵ֪УܵŶҲֶ
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һΪвѪѹɴȱ๩Ѫ
˼ΪԼǰߣķ䲻ܳãһ˲еˡ
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سȻǶԷҵʧ˼㡣
˼ȻһͬĸоͬĿԼҷε࣬ұѾ߱ˡ
ߣǾ뿪ôԴ˵ģκǰĿˡ
ؿͱ˶䳰ȷӣ˭۸ֻǿڽ֮ҲС
˼һ㿪֡
ǱˣǰǷǰҶӦˣвεĵң涼û
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ϷĲ
Ѿ߶߶µĻش
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һȻסڲ񷿣ѵѾֵز
˴Ų²⣬Ѿ˵ĵط˺󣬷һ񷿡
Ҳ񷿻ʮƾɵģ¥һȣǰҪ˵ǻʹҲΪʵ̫ˣ·ߵؤס
վ˼š
ܿ죬Ŵ򿪣¶һѾߴŮԴ
ŮĿ˼ءǴ˰ɣ˵Ӳã޸ŮӣûжãλȥתĪҪ̫
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647 ֲɿ

˼һۣپЦַ糾֮
ǲǹ˵ˣǷǰΪβС
˻һŮס
ǳ¹ӡ
˵ͷ
ŮһƴԼϡǸС⽻ҵģҾȻִ¡
ŮҪԼ죬˼æֹĺܺãЩѾߣֱϵŮ
ŮΣ⻰ǲɵЦ
¹լʺһô꣬ͷһ˿˵Ů
ôλСŮܷǽȥһǵİأ
˼˫ЦĿλƺܾöûЦѾߣһЦеɲסˣԲϲ˷ʱĳ˼˵˷Ҫܡ
ŮæͷţĽӭ˽ȥ
һ񷿣˼ŵľǴ̱ǵùζɨһ۲񷿵Ҿֻ߲࣬һŷӣоǽǵƴһˣûˡ
˼඼ġ
ֻϵݵͬ£ͷһһˣһˣһֽƬ
ϵİ˲ͬˣͨζֱδˣɵû۾
СϦ˭ˡ
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ǽСϦŮæܹȥ
˼ݳţ˵һ临ӵļ壬ڣҲһ򵥵顣
ʲô֡
Ϊһҽߣ̸۲飬ſʵı֡дϱ档
ĳų˼Ȼҽзԡ
ţֲֻͿҪˣ֪𣿡
˼Ŀŷԣûһ˿Ц˼
ľŹù˵һʮ˸ƲҪϡ
Դһֱ˳ЦԼﶼģҪǾŹùãˡ
Ѿûڰϣ۹ȥκһˡ
УֻҪˣôһֵصˡ
ֻ֪ҲһûһѶɽʲôζҲϧ
Լһ˿Цκαˡ
˼Խеϲ˵ԸˡȺħ裬ΡȻȻǷǰάˣҵθڡ
ԵһһŮˣ˵ⱲӶûĻ⻰ϸƷ˵ڿ֮ޱȳ졣
Ծʹｫ˼صѡ
˼ķӳԲæ⡣
ԣҿΪ𣿡
˼ٳƺΪΪͷ䲻˼־ߵķԡ
ĵ˵ͷԡ
ʵѾûʲôźˣΪʱ̣ύѣ㲻ܿҪΣˡ
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վһԵֻƳһ۷ԣȴһ˼ûС
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СϦûµģų¹
ûһ˿ԥĿų˼
Щ꣬ľŹùΪҽƷʦⲡȫûУΣõַЩȼ˷ԻȥϣҲƫ棬Ĳܺأ
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ûʲôǵģѵ뿴ȥ𣿡
룬СϦֻа;ССϦãǾСϦˡ
ǻȿȡ
ʵûʲôˣټϽȾ˷纮ӸЩԲˡ
ڴͷΪԶøӲҰס
˼һһŶԵ
˲еһصζڿǻӿе࣬ǺֲķJ֡
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һǣ㲹ġ
˼ŸԳԵģƵɿΪɿ֮⣬˼ֲ˲Ԫ
¹ǻҸоˡ
ղŻķԣһɿ󣬾ͷǣ´ˡ
ֻг˼֪Щα겻αԳɿΪ˷Լ룬ĹУΪ֧ݿˡ
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648 ܵ

ˣʲôҶ㡣
˼ǺСһŷԡ
һԵܾǳһֻӬ
˼ʼʩɣҵ뿴ʲô÷ء
⻰ڹķԣֻҪɵӣ⻰л˼Ȱĳ˲Ҫôߡ
ӵǣֻһСţЩǮҲ򲻵ġ
ɫһΣų˼Цͷ¹ˡ
˼˵ͷ漴ó룬ֱ˷Ե֫Լ׵ϡ
ҪͷԳ˼õ붼ǺͿӲĳȣңĹ񣬽ȿϸЩ
СϦ඼ɤۣôãͷһؼƲ룬׼ȷ˵ӦǷ
ԱӦú۵ģǴƤٵͷʲôоҲûУֻǱĵطġġһ˵ʡ
ʵ˼ͿҩĿľǱ⻼Ϊܲʹʹȥ
ҩ಻٣ñĲλ־ֲӰȫ
㲻СϦŶۡ
СϦ̲סˣſڴરવ䡣
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Сˡǡ
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ᣬֵľ
СϦæͷһҲǫ顣
˼£ͰԴĲˣƽԼĲˣȻ˶˵óԣʲôһζ
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СϦס͡¹ﾹȻǾƷĸ֣ô᲻ҽ˵ãôţСϦԼǰ׻ôꡣ
СϦݵĿų˼˫ֱðǡ
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ģ֤¹⡣
СϦҲʶԼЩһһʳľܡ
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Դԭأþö޷
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ңӺԽ࣬ԽɽԽаԴˣȻܡ
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ھ͵ʲôҲûҲҪ˵ҩҽСϦҪšľŹùҲҪţ֮һûκ֮ǰֻ֪¡
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ԵͷӦ£ȴӿֳǰе뷨
ˣ뿪ҵһҰףӴɣ˭ҲţͲţ֮ݲ
˼ҪߣԼˡ
¹Ҫȥ˷𣿡
Ǹ׼ģǵ⼸ԷҲҪԣֻµʱܲ˵ҩʡ
һԷ
䣬վڷߵĳ˼ؾѾʧӰˡ
ԶſյĲ񷿣˵һΣʱŸ˴ƿ
һ˲׼˼˸գ˿̵Ĳ񷿳ֶˡ
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Цߵߡ
ֶ˻죬¹ͻȻȥɽϿ羰Ȼ˾ˡ
˵ĺܼ򵥡
ڷõĶȴǱ⣬ܿĵȥ羰˵ֶĲоȡ
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ʱСϦһʳ߽˲񷿡
С㡢ô¹ӡ
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ӣһ˫۾СϦϵʳС
СϦץץԴȻоÿϧǰ˳ԶٺõģҲʧΪһ¡
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649 ת

Ȼٷ󲿷ֲ˶óˣֻܳʳ
СϦȴԹΪԣʳﵷ飬ٶһ㼦ȥιԳ¡
Ծţķ˸㣬Ϊ˺ãΪġ
һߣصҩռĳ˼أûڿռֲȥ˿ռ֮һɽ
˼ڴɽƾƷļƷҩܵͬʱ˼ϣʱҪ̫Ѹͣһֳɵټλ֮
պ󣬷һɽϿգһƬѹѹơ
һƬƲĿ⣬ǣ͵׽кµʱ򣬷ҡܱߵİնһĻˡ
ҼһڷӵܣվڷҴſڹۿһʢ
ǲڶɾƷ׽ٰ
쿴һԵĶӷںơ
ںƺǺһЦ޳ܶɹƷ׽ٵмһºܿҪϢˡ
㻹ޱ˵˵׽׽٣ӣεҵļ
ɸֵĶŷںƣȴǶԷԺ
˵ܵĶӣ츳ִнԵһμ̳
ٺүˣΪԼ˳δļ֮λ㿪ʼԷ¶
Ҫ˵һڵʲôž¡
˫ǰѷҽʲôã˵ףҲΪǵľż
ҵļҵԼӣľżҪɷİ
ţ뵽һ¶
ͷԼľáã˵һʮԶ֪ˡ
磬ԶĲҩʯҽˡ
װһеģ졣
ų̾һòԶᵽԭԺӰɣԴöȣһ١ȥ̫æû뵽ԶԴ󣬾ͱЩ˸ϵ˲񷿣ЩˣѾˣöԶ˵˵ҵĺãĪҪҡ˵ĵѾ뿪ˣǲ֪ûҵƲԶİ취
ԲԶĺؿɼһתԶġ
ϺƵĽʵпҪԼˡ
ҪǸѪԵϵ޲ĽţöԷ
ʲô֪㰲ŵģڲԶĵҲȥѰƵķӣǱø簲ŵ˷֧ҵ
֮ܶ˷Уİ˵ӣǽ˿ҹҪ³ˡ
ǲԶĺˣǲҡ
ش󣬴ˣȥ˼ƣҲƹɵӡ
ǾǸˣһ֪У㿴ǸԣǳԾ˯Ƿҵãôãͼʲô
ںһԼϵҪƴԣͲԸˡ
ûʲôԸϣԸϽȥǰûʱߣвʱߣˣܻŻŴˡ
ô˵أǿõܣ˲Ķӣһ˵ЩͲ±Ц
һڷںƵͷϣĵķںƽп
ó˳ǣԸӾǷҵɵӣû˶ô𣿰Ϸݵô
뵽ָмĿһֶֶŮЩȻѪǴû侮ʯ۸ԣں˵Щ˼ֱҪȱ
쿴оŵ⣬ѵǾŸͬʱˡ
Ȼںƾһǵ˽ԱĵĿںơ
ʲô⣬ҿ˳Ƿˡ
ҲҲסˣŽںƻԺ
н⣬ôҡ
ںҲȻƳκǽʧ̫졣
һ˳ںƱ뵽˷ԡ
ԣ˺ڶõǰܵģҲ㡣
˵ţںƱֱ񷿶ȥ
뵽ںһʱȥҷԵ鷳ʱΪԼȼ֮еԺ
ǰˣǲ֪ںӲõñΪߣ۲ãзڣۿĶҪȥҷԵ鷳
֮ܶѾٰѷںƵֶ
ܿ죬ںƱ㵽˲񷿣ǣ񷿿տҲ
أԣأ
ںƶپһŭϯţɵ
ʵϣͱת˵طҾǽҷһ飬ҲҲԵӰ
ûҵԵķںƱ㿪ʼ·ѯˣǸ˵֪ķںֻӬһڲ񷿺ԼԺӼǻ
ͻȻںһ뵽һˣСϦֻҪҵСϦҵԡ
ţȥСϦѾͷ
شСϦˡ
һȥ˵ͷȥںƼ˫ۡ
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650 

СϦҲˣҪңǲ˵㡣ȥңҲҲûˡ
ںһˣߵˤ˺üͷ
վű׵æĳŸſڶȥ񣬸Ҳˣֻܵȥˡ
ںߺԽƣһֱĸо
Щõã϶֪ƣʵľƲ
ֻдӷҵֺϣ۸Ϊ֣ЦΪ٣һõˣƤӵˣӦǾ䣬²ࡣ
֮ܶҪһطԣȻ󽫷ԴһССķԶˣҪεδҵļ
ʱһЩƾɵĿջ˼ءáԻСϦһݡ
ԼĿų˼¹˵ܵκҡ
ţֻܵ󣬻ձҪʹḶ́ɻҳԡ
ңûʲôҪȥӸʹģôܹ꣬ˡ
ԼᶨƵĿų˼
˼Ϊĵ˵ͷ漴ʡ벻뱨𡣡
룬Щҵ˺壬ֻҪһñǺþС
ҡҡͷ
ʹǣñܣԣѡոµԽϣȴԽܻ˲ӣȻ𱨳𣬻ʲôǱ˳ԲӬƫƫΪ²۸ʹġ
ܺá
˼Ǵ÷Դֵѣ漴ֿá
ǰ⼸Ҫչˡ
˼ô⻰Ҫ뿪һҶûо֮꣬úÿǷ޶أɱʱ뿪
Ŀų˼
˼һЦ޲ɢϯס־ǰ֪Ժʱ䣬¼ʱǰҪΪԼǮˡҳ˼пɣľǳԶ
˵ţ˼ŷգգ۾
òûסЦ㰡𣬻벻㲻ɣģʱҴȫҵԷҾͲܰҳԿˡ
˼ֻһЦ벻ǣڼ󣬷ˡ
ȻⶼǺ󻰣˼ü˸󣬱ص˼á
ҩռǷ޶˵Ķ磬ؾͼԸԼӽȥǣֻסļãѩܶסһȻһ㣬и˵ġ
һɽۣ֮һӭ
ɽµĳˮһпԭĻţȻ
Զӹǲźãܴ磬ٴȥ͸ˡ
õ
תȴǣúСϦŴСĺ̬ģ
ŹùҪȥ
ȻǺһ뿪ඣģҪһȥҳ˼ҲУһشȥﶼУֻǷڿһҪϵңùˣܲ˼ˣ𣿳Сӡ
һ߽СϦƣһ߽Ʊ
żֵһǧƽƱġŹùã˳¹ܵû뾹ȻֱӳΪƷڵĴʦȻΪ£һԼģôǮҪô졣
裬ŹùǮأôҪˡ
ǺðɣˣŹùһ鷳㣬͸¹ȨҲĳ͡
ԽƱպã̶ִóһ
ÿ˶ˡⲻүү͸Ĵұá
ãһͼ޳ִΨһҵټ룬¹Ϊһʦû˱ʸõҵ𡣡
ˣǳ¹Ҳġ
ó̾һֶ츳˵ʲôҲ÷ҵĴұ֣֮ϧԸΥֻܱѾͷˡ
ʼԣȥʱ򣬷һָòһԵڵء
Ҫȥꡣ
ţүү˶ȡ´ټŹùãһ㻹ǿ
һ飬˵Լǹҵϵ۰СӣŮʱǲ䲻ˡ
ȥɣҪûǿھŹùߣһŸ㱧أ
û˻֣ʾսپ
ԵͷӦ£СϦķȥ㡭㻹Ҫһ𣿡
СչʳӣСϦҪһֱŰ
ԺҪٽҰˣҷԻߡ
Ը磬ҿԽвԸ𣿡
ݵĻСϦõչ⵹÷Գһ
-

651 

ܲܲҪ˼ǰңҵļƤ񶼿ˣˣˣǵñԼѾ͵ļҡ
»ñԼķ鱦뿪ɽۡ
ĿԼŹù뿪ֱʧһԲ㣬źСϦ̵ɽߡ
ͬʱֵüɹ
дþȻƾһţ˵ҪңˣǷһĲƲȥ,ץסģץҪɱ˵ǳСҲһ𣬶ץץ
ӣ˶еκˡ
ŵ˲ʱĽͷӶûһվڷߣǣ˼ΪʲôҲû
磬õǮԼ׬ģǷô꣬һֱΪҵҪͣߵĶԼǮǷҵģǵһûãԼߺ󣬰һЩҪ⽻Լȥ˵ˣˣҪطʵĪõǮ̡
һһĵĿ졣
첻զ࣬˺ðβűһ仰ﲩ㵽һߵģöҡ
ﲩʱˣ漴վĽָϸˡ
磬Ȼ˵ˣǾ˺ɣһߣҵؽһǧɣһ壬ٵһڼƻҪǾһˣһҵĶŮܲҶɣҲԼ⣬ЩǮһϣ磬Եټɣ
ﲩٿһۣ뿪ã󻹸ŮĽõܺá
Ҳ֪ǲлᴫȾ˷ﲩͷǰУűǷĶܡĵܡܡܡߵܺͰ˵ܣȵ˶ԼǮͼҾ˺󣬷ʶãУͬڴһ㣬һɢ
Ƕˣû˸ˡ
ںҲ֪ǲӳ磬ʱ߰ѵǼһˡ
һѪվ˳ָŷںƴɵӣôôһɵӣ֪ҾͶӣõӡ
ںƼԼϵҲˡ֮λ͵ϴأʱһᣬӡ
ҹҹ
쳯ŷںӹȥһյպýںƵҳһѪ
Ѫʱ˷ںһŵ÷ںʹǴС˲ɣҿĶӣΪʲôʲô˵ʲô㶼⡣
ⴥĿĵһĻٻЩ̡
ǰһӣܲܽɣ
ţӻطտ
ܿ죬ſڵĻ㽫ںƽˡ
һ˶֮Уį
룬ҲԼͲӦöֶڵһжǱӦ
ˣΣͲǣҾͻ֧Ų
ҹ˼ڳϣźȻõ졣
ΪǴӳҹķˣæȥţհŴ򿪣һİֱš
˼˼Ž˿塣
ǰô㡣
ι˼ľô෿䣬ѩ˵Ǿסһ䣬һʮ䣬˺һţҵˡ
ǣǰʲô㻹ôĶòΪ˸лֶβɣ
ҡҡͷЩҵģģֶ͵ģ㿴ϲϲ
ţñ㽫һͨ°ɫݵ˳˼С
˼һУӹɲǣԺжʱֳһŵͼǺҵĵͼ
þȲѵĿ˼ȻԵΪֹû˴򿪹һͼˡ
˼ϲ֮࣬Ҳµ˷õĿġ
ǰԺסöû⣬֤ÿóԺúȵĹš
Ҹֵ꣬ȥƹ񣬱֤׬ĹģߣҲֳ԰׷ˡ
˼һѰ˼ֵ궼ˣԼҵģܲĪ˰ɣ
ٿһµķֵҲûж壬˼Ƭ̣˼뵽֮ǰһֱ㿪ҩе顣
׼ҩУǰ͵ƹɣΡ
˼ʵ̫ˡ
÷еİҪ˼һӵȴ룬ֻû˼ͱһӰ˻ȥ
һ飬̶㿴ĳ˵Ĵ̳ӷ
ӴҹĻ棬Ǻ¡
ǰҲǺأҹŻҼӡ
ؿڵľ޴ֿ˿ãֻһʲôè塣
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652 黨

˼ĺԼķǰķƢܲãǳԶʱ򣬱˴š
ǰҰæģԺ㡣
ԭˣطǰ·ҲҿˣѡЪϢɣ
ز̲Ӧ˾䡣
ɵҲףԷأ
ǺãҾͲŶλˡ
Լİ뿪˼طʱ򣬲Ŵϡ
ʮϵ뿪Ҳһ
˼ǳ档
ȲԣҪ̸̸
˼ֱߵƣ˼ԣǲ˵Ͳˡ
Σֻõͷǹڷǰ𣿡
ǵģĿǰѾ˷ңֻǱ棬Ҫǣ¹ҵǾܾģǣ
˵ţ˼ڿռе˳
ؽӹ򣬿˰ΣҲûȻ
Ǻ
ҵĵͼҪˡ
ҵʦٶԼҩɱߡ
ؾͬʱ̾Լӵ˼ֱû˭ˡ
תһ룬ֲ˼ԺǾͰѷǰԼˣɱ˼ҡ
ⷭٶҲ
˼ס͵Ц
ֲ֪ܵԼӵ棬ԼĴ
⻹ΪãϽ棬ٲԾסˡ
ؽ棬ֱʢµСУٽһݵݸԼӣԹԼĿ
ţ治˼쳢
˼ɵЦǲӶֵأ治˸ϡ˲ֲЩֲڣӵȣóӯ
˵ˣһ벹档
ܿ죬˾Ͱһˣ극˯ϰߣ˼һֱٸģңһҲ֡
ǣסԼҷ°ڣýĿ⿴ءǳȥ߰ɣϻ˵ĺãٲ߻ʮš
㡣
վ˼Сһݶ
ؼǵãϷһƽɽɽֲɢܰ
˼Լҷһ·ϣֻжʱʱķ
վ֮ʱķѾһϡ
µƽɽ˼˼Ƭ̣һ뷨
㿴ĵһ۱衣
۱ʲô
صͷһʴʣɻĿԼӡ
˼ĵĽ͵۱˼Ǿ۰˷֮ƣ㿴վƽɽ֮ϣǲܹɽµҵƻ𣬶ңһ¿ܿ˼ҡ磬ҽɳҩĵطǲǷˡ
еֻҪｨ췿ӣҪһʱġ
ؾԼӾһţ£ԼԺҪˡ
ô鷳ǲǸպһռ鱦𣿺ʲô߲һڣǾǷӰң¶Ҳ£۾Щ޻ء
߲һļκ͸һռ鱦ͽ߲һɫֱǳȻϡ
ǷԺã¶æˣǾȥѰҺҵ𡣡
˼ٴص֣϶Ц⡣
ɵԼҪȥѰҺҵʱɫɵ
˼ҵλɭ֣ǿǾƷֶ̤ĵطɣ
УұҪȥȻͶԲǱ쵤ˣҪ֪ܶҪõ𣬶ûУǲҵ𣬿ҵҲپ
ؼԼӣ̶ҲȰ˵
Уʱһȥ
һҹߣ磬˼һ硣
ҩ˵ѩ˼ĵڣΪԼۻˡ
˼緹𣿡
ûأˣܵأ
˼ҲжҪˣ˲ڣֻˡ
Ҳ֪ˡ
Ŷռ䵤ԣҸҪȥæˡ
˼ǰװõĿռ䵤ݸѩ
ѩмĿ˼˼ãҵܵлл㡣
ô
˼ûٴѩǳźŵλúһɤӡ
ʱ˳ȴǴһ黨ۣ˵ĸоʮֻ
ѩһûסЦȴصһǰۡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪѡĲ϶ɵ·ʮֲףⶼӵ⣬ܾ϶ǵӲġ
ӲģԼӾһĲֵˡ
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653 һֻ

˼ûעʲôףУҷʲôÿ
֮ܶķһ¼ӣ
Ҫţþ͸ȵһס˶ˡ
˼ӣ֪һطرóԣǳ͡
ǰȷڸľ¥ҿɶȥˣʲôóԵģûԹ
˼쿪ģϰһΪֻжƷСޣǶûʲôǮͽһװƳÿųؽ档֮ǰǣǲҿʲôһֵ˶Ŷǵ档
˼üʲôôóԣţ˼ĲҲʼˡ
תͷԼҷһȥ
á
Ӧ£Ҳд¡
ע⵽Ӵ·ôһֻϱĸо
ŭӣ㲻˵ʲôֻǳ䵱·ǰ档
ܿ죬˾һ̯ǰ档
ΧѾۼ˲ٿˣΪûӣܶ˶ǶԼҵ룬һͶ˻ؼԡ
ֵ˼ʱ򣬳˼ǱϷһó롣
Ȼһٴ룬һҲϡ档
Ͼ޳ǣ˭ûռ鱦أ
ϰ壬档
˼ݸ̯ʱ򣬻Ǯһ˳ˡ
ʵΡʵ˼ǳԵģ㿴⡭
ǰһǲеŶҪҺͷȥ¥Уڲ˸ƣʲôʲô
˻һǴ󷽵ķҲɵó˳ǡ
֪ˣͲͷˣʵ˼ҲٷΪʲôҪȥأ
һⷹǲҲˣֻϣ˼ܹ˴ˡ
λ͹٣ǵˡ
ֻ̯װһݸ˳˼
˼Աиϡֵ̣ݰϡࡣ
ʵ˼˼ҵӸӣĶȥϰ岻ˡ
˼̻ǶԷޡ
ʱ򣬲ڳ԰Ӻϡ˶˵ķ˹
㣬Ҳȥ԰ɣ
ǰ԰ϡ඼ˣҲȥ

Űϡ̵Ŀ˽٣˼ѰĳϰķȥⲻãһûЦ硣
ԭϰѾ˼ҵˣӦǾ䣬˼ҵķóԵġ
״˼Ҳǣӿʼ档
ճһڣ˼ȴǽ˳
ǰҪԣ⡣
ȻغͷѽˣھͲûˣȴϢ
˼ûⰡ
죬ڻ䷽ŵζ
ѽ⣬֮мһζֲֽӲݣӲ򶾵һֲ书ЧʹֹѪȻЩҶӹЧĸ룬ȴһ־˯Ķҩĸĥɷۣӵ֮Уòͬʱóֲȵ˽ʧң˻ԣһǷ輴ɵ
ⷬغͷһļƤ
ͬʱۻذ̵ˣСһ
λڸǿЦɣ
ǰǾǳһѡ
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һʱ䣬˿ʼַ˼ȻжԳ˼˵Щֻ̬ȵˣǣԵʼոǹ֮
˼ԴһҲżվߵм䡣
һҪǲţԽеһȻһι£ǹû⣬Ҹÿһǹ⣬֤ЩҸߡ
һĶעһŵ̶ľʯӦ
ͳ˼ģѾӽץֻ˹ֻ˹ʵ顣
˼ߵ˹ߣԴģ㲻µģ衣
˹һ㣬ɵĲٺС
˿ʼһﵹȵһ룬˾ƾһȥι˹¡
˹֫Ϳʼн
˼ãҪ֣⹷ܻ
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ߣһȥ̯Ϊ⣬Ȼ¶
ˢˢ̣˼ߵ˹ߣıˣ⹷ͦԣ¶ˡ
˼Ҳû뵽Ҫ˹Եӵֲֲ˺֫᲻ܿƵҶȻеңȴֻ˹øá
ȻһûüѾˣԽԽϲֻˡ
˹ų˼ҡҡβͣ˼Ьӡ
̧žҪߣȴǱ˼
˺ҿͦԣ͸ţ˵ܡ
˼ʲôС
ջؽţ漴񾯸˹ŵԺҪ³ܲҡ
˹һͷѹõ͵͵ġ
˼εĿԼҷȻָ˸˹ļԺͽдưɣǣԸ⡣
̧ͷų˼Сβҡر𻶿졣
˼һϲһŴƱҩռ䡣
Ψִƽȥ۸˼ʱдһŶռ䣬ôƵȥԼСӡ
ӰݼڣһҲԴƺõġ
һԵķԺˣ˼˼⹷ô¡
ԹκӰ죬Ϊֲֻá⹷ңװġ
⹷ްɣ
þԼһǷˣôĹ޻ʲô
˼Ҳ⹷򵥣ԲĴ㣬⹷ˣ˵׼պдô
-

654 

뿪̣;С޾Ӫ̯ʱȴ˱ǱףҪжҾжҡ
˼ʵ޷ٶ˲κͬ飬ֻȻ뿪
һֱڳ˼صһͷֲԾ
˼Ҫȥﰡ
ȥɽϣǰҪҸҸ¶𣿡
һһ룬ɽѵҿֲ԰ҿɲԸ¶Ҫ˴򽻵
¶顣
˼ЦЦǰҴɽϿһҩУȥƹġ
˻һõ϶ʱֳЦ⡣
ԭղſˡ
Ŀڣ·𷽲ܵ˾޴ľš
ܿ죬˾һƽɽɽſտҲɽһ˳˼
˼ҪУôҲиӰɣ¶ģû˻
˼Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˶ϵεĵط
ʲô·ߵĲӬӣȥԶͨˣǮˣͰȥߵĵطѣѵ˷öá
İɣǰ㿴ʲô
˼һӣһ߲ѤõȻ˵ҰС
νǸƣվһλã߲ʲô
һռ鱦У˼ݳޡ
òɵ죬Ƿݸų˼ּᶨһ֡
ǰˣǸһ룬ⵤҩнʲôֺá
˿̣ó˼ͷ۵ľе֣һȡãôԺͽˡ
ϵδ⣬ԣҪȡ
ͽС
صһڡ
˼ҡҡͷУҲñ֪Ǽõģ˵ĳЩ֪ˣҪŷһ
ۣԺѸٳһˣ޳ǵĳɽ
ֻйɽϢޱ̹
˼صģ˵ɽȾزһ첻һ졣
زôܣǾƷ۷ĸ֡
˼ȲѣЩҲѰ˼Ǹ鷳ɽ˰
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655 ź

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һ죬޳ǲĽЧҪ鹦ڣ˼ԼΪʦЭḱ᳤ݷ˳ȥ
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656 Ѱ

޳ǵĶ˵עһ֮ҹҩһҹڶŽ
ضĿˣټغÿҪĵҩ˶ҪſˣŴĽǮˣҿ࣬Ҳֵõġ
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˼Ǻ߱Уʱ˶ͤˮԼóԵĺʡ
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Ҫ˵Щʲô漴תͷȳԵ㶫ȥϢҪһҹû˯ԼͻôΣǵһֻᣬڶξµѮʮʱ䣬㹻ϢˡˣһҪλ˵Աɣ
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޷һǰڵͶʰˣǮ᲻ã̸ֺһ˵
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˼ҲпԣԸ⿴е˳⣬Էļ˴Ӵ˾ҪεӰֻ޷ܵġ
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657 ȥ

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ʱ˼ͺأҽܣҲǱ˴и˽⡣
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ǵڶˣڶǸŮӣûվĵĿԼһ߸ˣĿ׺͵Ŀ˼ء
λϰ壬ҽｿó޺ޡ
漴ǵĸڰ˸ܸ˼ӡģҲｿ
ǣ˼ٴοｿ䲻ͲʮˣҷſΪƷǻΣյġ
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658 

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660 

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