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     21͵ͻԵùҹġ㡱Ůһ̤պˤ˸ѻٸºҲˣҲˣǺƤ˵㣬˲˵㡭

ҪģҲҪеģϾкҪ

ף1.ˬģûнָ

     2.߼ȫԼ뷨

     3.Ůͨˣȱǻһѵ

     

    һƪӵģָ㣬ǣá İǣֲԼҲסҪ׷ſ
==================

 1 

ĻʡһƫԶĴӡС͵һŸͷſմѪİײŮӣ˵̫ͷѪȻֹסˣ˲ûļ󣬾ʱʱޡ
ʮһ͵Ĵѧ׼ҵڻ¥ʱСһ̤ˤ¥˹ȥ
ͷѣֱۻģʶĵһоĬĬ˺һòײŰ۾
ǰƲƺڲڵʲôҽԺʲôʱװˣ͸ڹǿĲӣӲĴУԼⴲùζͳıӣԼﲻҽԺ
ͷˡ
ⲢǴԴ·˺ݺ˿һͬʱԺﻹһİļ䣬ǿһ쳣ΣеһкԼģӡʮ̡
ԭҲСѧûж꣬ʮ꣬ȴѾӣСͣżսڸ͵Ĵͣɷ򽭳һˣոˡ
ԭʮͼ޸ʮĽ֣ɷ겻ڼҡ
İĲﰵĴѹŵĹϵԽӲƢԽӱ꣬ίҲһմһգǵûҵİ취չһСһ󳳡
ļΪ飬Ҹ1200Ԫ˲𣬽ְǮȫŽ̫̫˹һ¶ֻ230Ԫһʾ޿ˣŶۻĲ˲ֱӳˡִ󳳴ϻľͳ嶯ּҡ
һ˵ʱҾը˹˵Ҳʶãɿûлͷû취ɹԺָĥø֣Ա겻Ķܻң˻ּҾ
·ǰ¹ʪֻģһСµʱСĽһ£ùԴĵʯͷϣڸӵĿŰȻҡ
ȵȣ
ĿƵͷԼϳ¾ɵıӣڿǰֲڵ֣֪뵽Լú׼ѧҵӵѻ鸾Ů˸ɷ
ĺۣޡ
Ҫô죿ȥ̫ѣᡣ
,ָ˵û飬Ϲչٸ飬Լ°뱲ӡ
ҳߣ·ûл֡žʹ粽еԼ嶼ܲȥ
ֻȻԭļ䣬Ҳԭ壬ǱϾͬˣҪǾһٳ
ֻܼϣ֮ǰԭַּҵܹɹˣԸ˵Ĺȥȹʱ˺ˣôԭϦദˣôĸı϶˾֡
ּҾͲһˣּҺֻг겻ڼҵɷӣһЩı׾ܺŪȥ,ҪּҵķŬ
ΪʲôΪܵڲϴ󽭳ַһ
̫ˣֵܣƫ϶־ɲţ϶Ѿ黹ӸأڿܻżḺûн飬ھ͸Ĳˡ
ԭΪ겻ڼûжٸ飬ڻûʲôǰ;ϴ󣬻иԼ治Ҳ͵ĴϱסһŽ̫̫ҲһӴһ
Լ˼һͨƣҲû취ѣ˯˹ȥ
ȵѵʱҿٿҲûˣԼǻزȥˡ
СְֻֻģһЩǶ˵ƮһŨŨĲҩζͷϵģ˿ӦǺúôˡ
ôøоѾرܣһ£˳㿴ûгԵġ
·оǻСߵ˸Сʣû취ֻʵʵشϡ
ҪҪԼϾԭͶûԾżֿˣ·ϻô·˺üˡ
̫̫ոհӺ˯žͶ͵ƺͳԵȥ˵ŮһݿԽԽ㣬ֵʲôûļҹŮƵĻôڿġ͵ƷϣȻһֶֻŵݸʡĵŮ
ԼŮί֪ģ˲ڼңҲǺģϱűȽӣɷʹȽϻˣн˭֪⸱ӣֻȰŮˣû취Ҫȥġ
ⲻû취ѧżԭӵͷĨĨ۾
ϱвίôôأҪ·ͽǶˣ㶼ˣ·ῴô̫̫Щɸ֣ԼŮֻϹ£˿ŻΪжʵֺôûռĳ฾֪ô˵أϱֻҪŲ̫֣ϱĴ
ǻϻ˵ҾŸɴִˡ
Ҳ֪ʱ£ԭʵ㲻ϴ̫̫ҲΪá
ȷʵùǺһҲԵĽζִĸֺóţ桢Ͱ桢˿桭ٿװ׵һ棬ٴᣬ̾ԼԶȥ
̫̫ĬĬͷ治˵ȻŮͬΪ˻ҪΪģȥ˵һϽҵĲȲҪȥˡ
Ǳ߻ͲұȥءСĻӦɲԭʮߴζԭԼȥģοֵûǷּҡ
Ҳ֪ӰôôأִŮĶͷԽԽ
ҸһȻˣһӣֵĽţûнˣڷּһֵܶǮɶҲʣˡԭ뷨װģ粵䣬òԼֱҪȻ¶ڲɡ
ѾֿˣӣҲ˼¶ϱҪַּңҪ֣ԺӸùˡ뵽̫̫ҲЩ˵ҳ󲻿ôô֪ǽ̫̫ϱ÷˼ҪԼﳳļܲһʹˣ˵ǹĶš
ãģס̫þͳɡ
ģȥǻء뵽˿˵Ļ̫̫ɵ͵ؿһԼŮ
һãȻûԼôȥȰԼȥúùӰ
㲻ỹ֪ɡ
ʲô

 2 

ˡ
ԼɣΪԼǲģԽô»Ӧˣû뵽ô׵ԼӰ׼ҲˣڸҶﻹһʱǰ;һƬڰ
̫̫ԼŮɫ̫ԣɻʣǸĴģˣˣ㻹֪
֪ʲôֲһģҲû˵°
Ū˰ɡоԼһ¡
˵ģҪȻȥ֪̥ȡô󶯾úõģ½ҵĻܲӡ
ֱҪˣⶼʲô°
ͣ
Լһڷڣű߶Լֻʯࡣʮľľôϡ
ԭΪؼҲһĹӣû뵽һؼҾôһؼë
Լ˲𽻸ﲢûжʲôϾûзּңȻ֪ԼĽ϶ȫԼźϣЩԼֲڼңĸϱӶֵչˣǮϳԵƺûʲô
뵽һôǮȥϱˣ־ҪǮŪ֣һھҪּңֿ֣ڿȥˣתͷʹŶܻҡ
ŻؼһһҹľƣȻԼϱֳģԼ͵̬ҲܺԿǶϱĲ̬ȰľǶԼСҵĿ
Լ֮ǰڲڼңԲТ˳ĸֵĻΣҲԼ޷չ޶
ûа취ƽһҪּңҲûʲô
һͱϵĶˣ۾ͿԼ°ͶһϸϸͷСԴСС˯úģƵСշһ㵭ĺ죬һֻϸСֻԼϣСԴﲻЩ
ԼǸ޵ˣĬĬԼ¸ʾϣӦҪġ
ŵذС࣬˸컹ģú˯һо˶ˬ١
С۾ûС첲
첽ǰСԴڲԣСֽ߬ס·ıŻˡ
Сԣءţʶ̧¸ģ»»ССߣèĴ˳ִ˴Сͷ˵ָлͦá
ôһˣԼ˯ǰûء
ѪöѪģ뵽ĳСȦˣӴŴŵĵͷһֻСֺúõغ˺塣
СϸĻӡ˸ǣס˸С̫һҲˣֻýⲻһ
Ҫǰֻ˵ˣ߯ˡִֵƻԼĨۡ
ﱧСȦԺﴫŻش˯Լ˷š
Сãôôˣͷϻأȥ緹ٸ˽ȥɩһæӭǰ
ãûôҴϴææң˼޵СӶɩ˵ҲˣҲˣҪֵûﲻ
˳ŷõһûչֻùú¯˵ץϹˣֻԱ̲ˣװӣĿ˿ôջģԼҪСĲУȻм䵫ʮϰ߲ôøıģ˼벻Խ£ܲסԼ顣

Թ緹ּ˳ȥͣ˶Ǻֱ˵ͣٳǰ̫̫ץһ飬ǿǿһСľͱ·ˣԼҹŮզռҪ̬ǿӲѻ˵ˡ
һֵ̫̫ġôȢ˸ĶϱɶҲɾŷּң˵ѪǮ
ɩҲɫѿĽɩܻҵ˸ɣĻȫԼһˣͶеģ̫̫ڼһɻϹҲװģĸɵ34ֵСɩڼҵʱԼ̫̫ƫܾϴϴԼҵ·ɨɨػҲ͹ˣʲôҪԼ
⶯Ҳͷ۵ĽԼһ·صңѾǹ۵ˣջؼҾôһͨϱŶܻˣһԹ˵࣬˵ϱТ˳ϵԱ߳üĳẓ́ǷΧѹֵĺܣڲܷҪۡ
ɩˡŻûüɩͿϵִˣæ˵вɵƲƲ죬ΪӲأܻҾ͹һͰͰ͵ŵǸˡ
̫̫ȻҲôģһɩ˵ˣŽϵݶ˶£ڳʦļƣ϶ͽվһԿ֡
磬զôһ͹ˡǰӭţ˵¡
ϵڰֱ˵⡰ˣǾ˵˵ô졭
ʲôô죬׼ҿĺŮ²ɣּң˵ѪǮû˵꽭̧̫ĺȥһ档
б»ҾͱˣǼҿɲϡġ
ˣǲܣǾһֱסҺˡڽ̫ŭУִ󺰵һԼӵģǽҰѻеӱƻҵġ
ʲô
ɶ
Ҽ˶ˣ̫˲ӵĹƵģҪĻ˲
׼ҹ㿴ôɣϵͷͽ̫ǶֱԱûĽϵ
óȥϱӻؼҾͺú̥ϵҪӵôҲûеĶϱңǾڲּҵ¡
Ҽ˵һҪּҵġᣬϵɲô׽ҹ
ǰ̫⽻ģҾͿŮҵĴ֪ӲùǰŮҲû˵ʲôԼͷζôصˣϵҪѷּʵԼŮڵ㡣
ͱˡ̫ɲּҡ
ǷּҰɡҲ뿴ˡ
ϱ˷ֿסһԷƽʱҲ棬Ҳˡ
⻰Ҳ˵ģԵô̫ͱǸԼѽ
飬ԺҲûнˣȥʮ궼ûТĸڻؼˣܲ۵ֻ֪ô˵ԼſܴӦ 
϶ͽɩһûкôӦǿ죬̾ȰȻɩô˵ˣͷ˰ɣҪ˵أ
̫һ⻰̬Ⱦˣҩ⡭˼ң㻹ǵĺӣζϱµġ
ֵǶӲТ
ۿ鶨ˣ˵档
ϵݺ̷ϴȥԼϱӻͷּҡ

 3 

µ׵绹죬Ժı˱ߺŸյֻȺı˶ӱʫأСҲû¸ɣԭСѧûбҵֻôңԶļһԼСѧʫ
һȥ̴
̨ͤʮֻ
ʫͬʱѧѧ֣һã
ԼһСӶһ飬ֻմˮżʯϱȻ£
һȥ
һ һȥ㡱
С꣬Сģž̲סǡ
С޲԰С
СһͷϲزסĺִССЦ
ֵּҽʱľһĻƵΧܰУмõӣȻҪڱ˼ңҲַּҵϱܾ͸ˡ
߽Ժż˵ŲųſڵˣСǰһСһԼСܹȥһתͷͿһߴͦεˣֻǿΣһ߽Ķ͸һεѹȸС
ʶͷײһ˫ڵУ̫ܶü֮ǰոܹ˵Եʣһôˤˡ
պñСƺû뵽ʣһ㶣̲סк˿˿Ц⡣
꣬ö
ܶĳ棬û뵽ֻ˫Ȳ־á
ôˤˣߵǰС£ְ
û¡վĿӣ򶨵ʱſϻʯ̫࣬ǿʶĺԵĶ
۲ۣСæǰ֣ʾԼĴڸС
ССֽŵ˲ûˣЦͷʾԼû¡
С˲͸оԼʮ㡣
ȥ
ȥһҪּҡ˵ֱֱĿϾҪԼһˣڵ̬Ⱦ̬֮ȡ
ѾӦˣȻȥܷ֡ʶü
˵仰ͲٿڣֻĿ
ţĻ̣˵ʲôƿ˵֣ʶôϲأ
˵޲סԼ죬ⲻϻôĳ̶ȣ˼˿Ρ
Ȼɫް䲻١
Ժǲ̫ˡ
û£ҲġοĻôѿڶ
ô˵Ķʲôһ̲סɥȭᴸ˴Լš
תͷ˲סû뵽ǰ컹ڼõϱһ档
صʮˣˢˢĿǣûһ֧齭־ѾŴӻڵţ⻹бȽϺŵ壬ǰæ֤ģ÷˲ƽӴ²
ȻҲǿڽֵϣٸľˣôҲܳԿ̫ףҪ˼ҷּҿô̡
ϴ㿴Ҳûжʳˣչһʳкüءʳ̫ɿڡ
Ҫ˭ּȫ֣ǵһҳȥ֧øǶ˵ֱԼעġ
Ȼǰɥĵķֳȥˡ̫ݺݵĵϴϱԼҲͬģﻹǲ
־ڽԺＸǺãҲ˵¼﷿ַӣʳͰŴ֣о⼦涨һ1.5ֻû޶ǱϴҾͳԿˣ10ֻͷֳ4ֻҲûʲôˣǰѼйǮó˾С
̫һҪߣ͸һϸ簡ҪôడǮͻˣɶҪǮҼأǵ붼룬˸Ͻߡ
ֿһͻƵ̬,ģҪ˵°ھͱק¡
ҲˣǰĽҲƽϣǾǰû1200Ԫ˲ǼңֿɻҪȥҽԺأһУҲɲɶػҪǱǮûУֱ˸ɾҲҪǿ̫̫صӣ˭֪˭ء
˵ֻعԺٿ
֧ͷӦõġ
Ǳ߻֧ȰʳͼֳȻд飬һʽݣ͵Ž̫Ǯóǩ֤ˡ
ûǮǮɥİҪ˰
־ûӿ޺ţûǮͰѷóˣĴĺש߷ֵ1000ġ
Ҹ֧黹ǹóģֵʮЩ˵࣬ǧ黹еģ㲻֪̫̫˶٣ǴͷҲͽͽ飬ľͷµͷһҲ1200顣
֧鶼ˣϵҲ֪ûж˵أһ̫̫ȥó͡1200顣
ʲô12001200ͷɾûǮ̫ҧˡ
ﻹῪЦ˼ǹҿˣ˵õǮûԱϣ֪˭̰ȥȥҲ֪ܲá
⻰һ˽̫Сµģɫ
ϵҲǹҲסˣҧҧԼȥǮ̫̫ԱֿҲûסʱֱӽ̫̫ˣѾһʵǶˡ
Ǯˣٰʳ˶һ£Ȼ㹷Ķ
޷ǾǼֻ꣬һֻȱ˴ӵӣŲϯѣľԼļҾˡ
鶼кˣ˶һǩ֡
պ۾һת֧飬˳Ժϵ̶һ£ԺǾ³̰£ʡʲôλĵطί˵
Ѿ˺ˣ͸ɴһԸ㶨Ժڣû˵졣
ǷŷּԺ̫ТѹˣҪˣҵļɫ̫á
֧ϿɵĵͷҲУ˵ˣҲԺ೶ƤӰݣϱûдŵ³̣˵˵
ڵﻹ׬֣Ͼǲź򣬽ˣ꿪ʼÿǳ50Ǯٸ100ʳڹҪ˾ͱմ˵ı׼׳ݾȻƣּܷҾõĽ浹ǲԼԵ˿
Ｘæ֤˼һ⻰ҲĵͷûϵͻТ˵ǺܲˣһʼΪϱǲТ˳˲ŷּңڿǸµġ
˵õдԺֻҪͿˣ˭Ҳ
ηּҴϻǹֻн̫޺϶Լˡ

 4 

ңѶѽСźãʱЪһ
ŷּ˵òҪӵģҪȥУٿļҵͶҲȱҲȱ
СأȥպǼʲôȱȥ䡣
ãҸţȥ
ͱȥˣֲ㣬ʱñȥæС
ã֪־þô˵ҳԼѹֵ鶼˲١
¾͸ϽŰɣˡ˵ͶԼææš
ָ֧ȥסĵطΪԭӣ඼ݷﶼùζݶĲҲѾˣʰҪѺһ򣬲ֿ⵹ΪʳѾȥӣש߷ֻסһʱ½ҲֻҪһңʱ仹ǱȽϳԣġ
ΪڶҪȥԼŵʰš
ԼļҵļҾߣӡСʣһӣľǷּҷֵǼʲôȱ·͸һƶ㣬Ŀ
ҪϷţɨһû©ͷֽŸСӣרĵԼںָףͷҲƵģ볤סüۣҲ֪ϴ˳ֳһ͵״̬
Լͽ˸ղڷôöûзиСҲûзκҪԼͷպÿķֲˡ
ԭŮСѾˣƽʱܹעҲǺܰСС·ûȾͿʼָʹŸɻҪջɻʱ⵽ԭƽʱҲֻŶӣԼúͿעŮˡ
϶ӣһ7ꡢһ5꣬ͺСѾͷڵкӾ͸עⲻˣƽʱ۸Ѿˡ
ڽС̲סСѾԱյˣճ˵ûдڸУ͸ˣߵ˼ҪǸղɿ벻ôһŮ
ߵСѾͷǰ£ƽԼ飬±飬ͣԼ֣СѾҪȥżң߰ɡ
СѾͷ̧ͷϻ˵һңһ࣬ϵ·ǿƲֻǿ۾ڰ׷ˮġ
ôֱֱĿź˺һŷӦַǰ˵ģּԼͷһ仰Ҳ˵
ҲûǿŰ·ȥϴһ··ûзСѾͷģֻȴ˳š
СеԶҪʮ·һСʱ
ʱЩˣһʼߵñȽϼСѾʮӣҪСܲ׷ϣСЩˣҧһԵġ
ͣ˿ЪЪ
ô
㲻ˣЪЪš
Ъ
㲻ЪЪߡ
СѾ˿ָץס½ǣû˵
Ȼûе裬ִܵܺϴŮ꣬ϻеĵģºСѾƽӵĴ𰸡
СѾͷʶҧԼ촽һС˵·ʶҾͻز˼ˡ
֮ǰм˴źǰ棬飬ڴȽϤİĻûаȫУԼ¡
ôأСѾСﲻŪġֱС
СѾһֵۣͷû˵
ȫ±Ͼһ仰ܽģֻܾ϶ĻشԺҲעˡ
ǲСѾԼˣϢӾͱ·
ҵʱ򣬴ųţֶӴС棬ȥС˵㺹˵ģȻɫŵƣɶԱȻСѾͷһһѹͷ廹ǽ١
̫̫ԼŮȥָһ˸Сؤһ
ļСѽ
СѾСѾš
š
˵ԼŮ̫̫æϽӹСѾͷڻ￴ֱֿۻˡ
㶼ȥˣӶ
֪ˣԺ󲻻ˡ
ԣŴȥԷ۲

ȻԼ˸ɵģڴҲֻĬĬˣԭȻͽ̫ԸҲ̫̫Ů˼趾ŮͶкԣֻܽԼֲһЩˡ
СѾԼû·ģԼΪң·ееʱϽѾ·ߣڻִ̫ɩæ˶ֿģûСʱŪˣǿƴʽС··ҲвĲʤڸɾ
϶ˮȰСϴɾŴϣˮСѾһ裬̫ˣϴˮˣ϶Ҫٳһġ
ƽʱúСѾͷͦ׵ģ۾ǶԲСӺۣСɵı΢΢̣ССĴܱ˵ʱСȮһֿɰǱȵܵܳúÿϲ

 5 

ʵû취סԼ˫֣ЦС˭ҵСѽôôɰء
ҵġ
ԭҼҵѽ

СѾͷûô۾΢΢һڴ¶ٿҰɵС飬Ѿͦˣͷܺõӡ
첻ڼң˯ˣʹܵȥţ֪뻹ȸСѾͷ˵һҲ¡
ڶ컹ҪȥأںͰˡ
ΪҪϼڶһ米˸¨ˡ
ʱûʲôˣȵȫˣҪһ˶ˣ֪Ҫʱ䡣
粻󣬶ͦȫģƥණҪƱģƱڽ̫ϣԼһҲûֵֻЩﳣñƷЩҪƱĻ񡢷ν׵ȣиһֻУȣܹҲûмɴͰѶꡣ
ȥþߵĹ̨֪һĳͷӡ˵ȵȣЩֻ˼ҿƾڱÿһҪҪƾƱ¸򲻵
Ҵҷּ֮ûʱȥأʱҲŷּСĶûϻڣСѾǾʽֶû
ΪСѾŮ֮ǰ̫ҲûҪȡ֣СѾֶƽеģһ塢СѾߡ˸ĳƺСин
ϻڣС󲿷ֶҪѧˣҪϲŻȥ죬ܶ˶һһ԰ġĻһŪãһȥôһˡ
ƽʱСڴ֧ǵǼǾͺãӰʳһҲ̫⡣
Ź컹ҪҸʱȥ£ôܣûлоԼСڻһ
Ϲ˹䣬඼ũƷֹþߵģ˼ףװʳˮõģ򼸸СͻϣҲҪ˼Ҳȱģǿϡ
Щļ۸񶼲Сļ۸ڶëңǴҲһǮһо͸׼һͣԼǿġ
үЩȷ⣬ȻߣвôණԼҲûߣֻȷš
ɣɢǰǵùáүһСԼ̯λĴǺܺ˵ġ
ɨһȦĶϣŻͦģʹȥ׳ܲЩҪƱĹͷϾҪƱģͷˮЩǲҪƱ
ԼǶ˶ûˣû취ֻʧߡ
·׳ԶСӱһϴﳶ䡰ӣҪƱ⣬ҪҪ
۾һŴСҪҰԼģ
Լģ϶׳Ĳࡣ
Ǵأ
ͷأɲҰ棬ʱץء
ȻЩũƷˣ͹ƷεĻвġ
Ŵͼи׳ʵĸ˿ڵţͷſ鲼쵽طֵӿȥˣһΪŷͬʱͻ
廨⣬⣬ԿǻԴ㣬ܸѡĿռ䡣
ݵһʵһ壬廨һˣÿһˣǸһˣĽܡ
ͷҶﶼȱˮµϲ⣬ĵǸϲ廨۸Ҳ͸ͬˡ
׳ļ۸ͳһһëûѡʲôʲôǲҪƱ
㣬ʵģһݵģ廨ûйͷô͸ͷɡҪƷḳŮ˵Ļܡ
ĴҲˬ조ͷУأһɣԶ
Ҳǣ⸽ļҶסòԶ÷Щµġ
ⲻŹûǴͻˣ͹ͷòţһ鲻ൽ
һⲼϡϡĻ֯⻹鲼Ƽ򲼵·ԼҲûвƱ˳ʣ㣬Ⲽѽǲɶ·ҲȱŲء
ЦӣãҼ˵յģм鲻ôҾ⣬ҪҪҸҼá
ȱŲأˣһţû뵽򵽲Լǲģȱʲôʲô
ͽɣһ𵽼ȥⲼҲóôҲ
һ·֪ɷ׳ģذٻջԱ⣬ӸųնʱԼҲһЩЩԼģֻڴҶϲɫḻʵõĻ֯˲ҲͲôܻӭ㲻ҪƱҲ򲻳ʲô۸
ǺϲЩȻûʲôɫ඼Щ׻ɫһЩľɫƲǴǱȽʵģûӣǺܲģ͸
һʮƥŷ£ϲԱ߷ƥ޲
㣬޲ҲҪģƥԱߣһǺòϣ治̫ȷ
Ҫǿһƥ⻹صҹϵŪĺòϣרŸСġ㿴Ǹִ󷽵ģҲܺ˵
̫ллˡ
ոջ΢ֲ˵㣬ﶼСС·ء
Ļ֯һȶһףһҲҪëһľҪëһҪƱ򵽡
Щͱ˶ˣֻаףһֻҪǮƥ͸ˣĿëһƥ޲ҪȹҪһЩһףһëǮƥҲҪʮ飬û취ò϶ǹӦġ
һƥʮ׳ȫü·ˣҲ̫Ҫһƥ޲ƥǮͻ˲ʮ飬ŮϹȻû취ԵģôһһٿûˣȫҵҲһǧٿ飬ۡ
ôණã㻹صؽ˼СƳѶ͵׵ĵط

6

ǰһѾ˵òʱȫˣһͿӳҵĽɾţˣ߸ߴһСӣһһǳʺϰŰᶫ
ߡһæվӻ֡
ǰһƬյأΧһȦΪ˷ϼ˼ϡϢģص˿ſǰĴţëǮ˼λ˰æѶӼ͵յΪַ㡣
ɾϽǣţ߹ȥ
ɾֵܣ鷳ˡվᶫ
ɩӣУʲô鷳鷳ģָǰҲҲءɾ˵Լǰʰĺܣһȫţ
ˣɩϳɡ
æҪһ֪ôȥءϲ̵ţԼߵ·Լȥһߵö࣬Ϣһ
·ϳţС紵ţŸոĶ黹ͦ˵ġ
ʱ򣬸պôҶϹûʲôˣ˳˳ص˴Ӳֿλãһ߼ӣǶƽʱũߺʳĵطſţѾһЩǰ滹һȦ׸ߵʣ˸򵥵ӣʱõġ
ԭСһ˷ܵܳˣС˷ܣһŤһŤسܣСѾ͸ţ
ǲ
æ˱СģСֻ˵˵
ˡҲкǰͽɾһᶫˡ
˵ֻֿ֣ҲͦɵĸоʮĴԼôŻӡ
ֻݣֻ˯һ䣬һ䡣
ˮ׷ԺҪŷ˸ӵǲ꣬ǷּҷֵֻҲҪҪڸλøǡ
һģ߽ȥתܼѡ
ʰԼĶľԼ⼸ƥˡ
ҲûʲôʺĶͼƵɾ
ɩӣͲˡԷæãԼæɲΪռ˵ġ
һСĲֵǮɲֱͽʰȥˡ
ָ磬㿴⡣ɾЩ˼ͷҶȱԼҲûռ˵ġ
û£ŰɣҪȥҴӳլأһ߰ɡֵǲЩϱͿˡ
´ҶûǮʲôӣµլֻҪΧѡͦѡģҪǮש߶ҪǰԤˡ
ʱԼʹСȥԼҷֵܲһЩСˡ
ϳԴͷŶܲú͹ͷСӲơ
ӲӲģСҧСִǣԼС͡
ҲҧѽǾͺġͷչˮϣ˸Ͳٹ
ʲôѽСвסͱȶȥԼһľͲСѾ͹ԹԵڿ𣬹ֲö˵ŮǸġ
óԵģŽãҪ¾Ͳˡ˰͵Ĳ裬¹Щˮɽֻܺһȥ
СѾŵܵѽŵСǣСѾͷ̫ˣ˵̲סЩ
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ȫͣͺÿγ˵ʱһ㣬ζҪܶࡣ
廨⣬ƺ˾͹·ɣԺ˾мƬܳϺþá
Ͷڣɴ˽ӣּʱõ棬ɴȫˣæô죬ҪԶٺõġ
йͷ峴ʱߡӣСӸԲ˶٣ӣһͷͳԲˣһ綼ζѬţûʲôθڣҲͲݲݳ˼
컹磬ʹСſʯ档
ֻصҾͿԼϱӶſڵʯͷ
ССץסʯӣúܲרģһʱԼҵˡ
һ̧ͷѧʱ̵ץĴ
˽ӣǶԹˣʣµȥһ԰ɡôණܲöǱûеʾԼȸҽڹԼҪ
־Լϱ仯Щ󣬲˵ǰһֻҪԼڼҶǲ۵ĿԼ췴һֱرԼڣһ˰ҵĵһǵԼȳˣһˣ֪ôͷе㲻ζ
Ҳ˵ôԼɻôˣ
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ʮУҪõӡҲ⣬ӻָСѾ
Сƨƨ߸Լˡ
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ʱ˵Ļʳ׼
ǰǻڲӸΪнֵĽﲻҪżǮԴ඼Լˡ
⵰СѾҲٳϣ˶ٻżС̫ŮֶϴϱΪˣԶʱ򶼻Դֻǲ̫԰ˡ
ոձһѶ̫̫۵òУȫǲðѼóˡ
ֳֽ̫оԼؿֿʼˡ
Ѽˣʲôûжǻˡ
˽ӣϱҴҲ⣬Ļöˡ
һ⻰ԭһŵĽɩϽ첽߹ӹӣѽɩԡ
ۿ˼ҷֳȥӶˣŵɩҲЩģϵ˼ֳַȥˣֲˡ
ͲǻӵģǮʲôҲʣ¡̫˸һϲͣԼؿڣһòеӡ
ϵû˵ʲôһǲµģѾּˣӻТ˳ͳˡ
극ؼҵʱ򣬽ֵɫ㲻Ϻÿıøӵͳ
СѾѾϴɴˣ鲻ôÿҲö˵ʲôֻСˡ
̽ô
ûѽǺˣѽѽĽлءС¶Сѧ̫̫ͣԼؿڣѧŽ̫ͽɩ岻ѧ˵˼仰
һȦˣֻ˵䲻ĻҲ̫̫ëˣ⻰ŲʹģǴҲȷʵ˲ô

7

˯ʱֻһŴڴųʷϼľʹƴһ𣬼ӿ˴˯ĸˡ
һһվԺɶɣڸмǿСһ壬Ǹоڵġ
࣬Сܶˣܿ˯ţ˵۾ֱͦͦţûа˯⡣
ŹһСʱоַ˸߾ͽķϣҪöҪˣ̲סԼ͵͵²ۣϲú˯ʲô
ʱʵЩΪΪ鲻ãС˯㷢Լȥ˶Էֱۼ£ǰú˯
Լ˼ѾﵽˣŰԼջû뵽ԷץԼֲţû˵֣ԾȥˣΪԼ˯ãû뵽εǺܿ˯ȥˡ
û뵽ԼϱȻû˯ţֻ⼸ЩңҸո뿪ӣЩϰߣҲôãϾͿԼźӣܸоԼĹģ;ŬĶ
ϸһѹͿ˫С۾תؿźǣŵֻ֡
ҲҪǣһˣСǰһ
֪Ĳ˼ʶϽ˦˽ֵ֡
ˣˣˡ̴Ļתƻӣôô顣
ֱ˵ĶˣûŪʲô£Сſϣǣ֡
ԭǵ°
ãǣ֡˳ְѶӰ뱧ڴͷ
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֡΢΢ŵ㰵ƵɤԼڴôλã˲
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ܵߣ̧ͷֱֱɻȥһƵӡ
С˼ŹֵӰ죬󿴿ֿһӡ
Ƥ˼ңϴСϴһ
緹󣬽ֵݸżƼ׵ͼһֽ
ʲô
լأпոľǿѡġ
һѡլأ²С
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ǼҪ·ˣϲ˵ŸС˼λõص㣬ϾǼһӣȨ
ҪСֱ֣ʵ̫״ǵ˼ⲢԼ
ҲҪһ𡣡СѾС̬Ҳʮּᶨ
ġûʲô뷨ֻҪ⼸˾úʾͺá
ŵԼļˣĪһ֮ԺУֱˬᡣ
һڴڣ·ԵһլأһĶ治ԶǺɽʱպÿɽ¿Ķأԭȵؾͳ乫̫ԶˣӽúҲôԶ
ɡҲͲԥˡ
ãһҾȥӳȶשҪڹȥԤͲˡûʲôֻҪһаžС
ҪٵȵȣʯȥɡЩģϾҪæĶģһƼأԼҲⲻȥ
û£ڶȵĻҪҲҪ֮£ʱˡֿüͷĵضԼֱ۵ı飬һů
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ͦõģϴϴˢˢԼʱļҺúʰһ
żＸ˶ûʲô·СôֻţﻹһҲǾôװûƽ·ѾˣôҲǻ°ôϴ÷ˣӶʼϡˡ
ڳʱԼǼƥȻԼѶȵģֻܵúõˡ
Сиǳĺã˵ҲǴҲи·ǶһЩΪ˶õ·ú鲼ϣø˴򽻵ء
ɵ޲Լ÷ڱ¨ͷƬҶӵţʹӳˣҲûܰæţֻԼһţϼƹϣһˮӣͣͣ˰Сʱߵط
ǰһ͵ũСԺǽԺǽһЩȻʱڿãǰԺţڼô
ء֨ѽһԺŴ򿪣һŲɫ黨·Ĵ￪ţ΢ֵϹźƵЦ˿ž
ѽѽ
ӣǸڴ͵ģͳɣⲻ˵պãæ·
ѽźءӲŲŷСǳڵ绪ˮ
С졣ܾӾȽһ
ҪֻǴ˽þǰˮˣСƫģ⻰Ҳھܾ˼ҵĺ⡣
绪ǸŶ쵰װ׾СŲʮ꣬˾Եú˹񾲣óǳڸŴ·ӡ
ҹﳤáΪ˸ĵ㣬ҵ޻Ҫġ
ⲻһ⻰ԷЦⶼˣӣҪ·
ӱ¨óô಼СװɷҸһͷŴô࣬еʣô
СӲѲò˶٣˵ȫ꣬ʣЩܸġмңڵ·ҲǶģһͲˡ
УôࡣԭΪԼҲһء
ӣ㿴ʣµ鲼ͷҪЬײ
Ҳֲ˼Ҷ˵أ˼
ȻǼǮ㣬Ͼ鷳Ҳ
ôõȻˡ
˵·1ǮСһëǮһЬ׿һ˫һëǮȣһëǮ
Լ·ʹСƵĻؼˡ
û뵽ǸսھĿ˽СãȦͨģʧǵ·ϡ
˵СõǺԭϵԣ̫̰ͼʮĽСü޸ʮ껹źӵˣŵʱʲôױûУСõʱϵ·ġ
˶ԽСû˸ŮҲÿԡ
СôˣôҲݣҲӶ
ɩû˵ڣȿ
ȵȥɡܲ˼ޣֻðŰԼҴ·ϻҪעСûϣԼ۵ùǺġ
ò׵ˣˣСһֱֻޣʲôҲ˵ûȫԴʼˡ

8

ʲô£޶ʲôð˵¡ʵܲ޲˵ĵУûش޿
ˣˡڽСö϶ĻУŪ顣
ԭǽСõ˸˼ҽ˴ɽǿɸǸֻҰûеСɽһ˵ɽдģǼҲûɽΧ©ϧù˷ҰܵĿûʲô£ͽС˵ù˼̧ɽʱʣһˡ
˵ҽԺѶƴնһٳͷСû취ֻܻ裬̫ɲôãһСþͺݺݵһͨ
ؼǾ˼һëεӣ˽϶ͽܴõǮ붼ˣⲻСֱӾͱ̫̫Ÿ˳ǮһҲûš
ǲ֪ô˵ԼǮ˵ˣҲԼ׬Ĳ뽭ֵԸ϶ҲǼȵˡ
ֽдŽýСǩŽ150Ǯ
һóôǮСøæ£ɩ̫ллˣҡ
ְܲסˣˣȥҽԺɣҪ
СòллŴҴææˡ
ˣҲСʱŸǰӺöѽ
С˵ţҲʮϵ
ѽĿʼЦСӡ
СѾأӶѽ⺢ƽʱֵıСҪö࣬ҲСһԼֻŶ˵㻰Լܵԡ
ţġСѾһߴ𻰵ͬʱǰס½ǡ
ԼļӦϻŵղŵ˵ʱ䣬Ҳʲô̫ӵĳʳ弸ؼ·˳ժһСҰ˼ӵ𣬼࣬˶Եͦ⡣
·Ȼˣ¿㻹ǶҪԼ֣С˯Լſڷ첹оо߻ٿʼ²϶֡
ʱ򽭳ֲŻصңҸ˼ʱľ򼸼Ҿߣ㿴ﶼȱʲô
˾ǻ׳һԼˬˬģÿһŻؼҶһĺһϴˮšëϽȲ
֪ˣҵʱиӸ㣬緹Թû
Թˣ϶ŪĲˣ뼸ש˻ܿˡ
ǵʯ˵
á
л˵ˣСõҲϸ˵˱飬ϾȥһǮ
ҪҪȥҽԺܰæϽǱߵָˡ
ӦõģЪһҾͳšΪϣúܺãСñС꣬ҲԼųģֻû뵽ԼǼ˾Ȼô˽
˵ԼͲٹˣʱ͸ϽС𴲣˯̫Ͼ͸˯š
ΪСõ飬ģæ˺üԼҵ顣
ôһжðɣ
ؼˣӦòܺá
ոյʱ£ѾˣҲϰ
ˣҲɣ֮ǰһֱ˵˺õʱ䣬⼸졣
ԣ쵽ҽԺʱӾܶˡ뵽˲١
㵽ʱȥӿ֤˳ȥͰСϻڣҪ»ڱȥͷ˵Ҫʲôȱ߷·߶뵽ʲô˵ʲô
һ߶߶˵Щҳ£һ㶼÷̲סһֱȥ
ι˵˵ŷֶԷʼˣһѡ
ôˣֻعﻹŶδ㽡
СѾ֣ô
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ɻɣֽʾ֭һ£ԼΪе֣ŮľǽЩ֡
׵һߣԺС¾ͲҪ鷳һ֮ˣɴȥɡ
Щ֣ô˵ء
һǱ֪⣬ԼͲˡ
Ҳ̫ЩС
ðɣ֪ˮƽҲ̫Щ֡
ô
磿
ѽ磬ϣжֵӣ̧ͷܼϣô
СѾ̫Ժж⡣
õԢ֣ͷһطָĸεãǰΪĳԱůסãиùó·˵ȫһһůĸо

ɡ޳ԼתͷͦһЦ
ټԼϱѵЦÿЩԳģҲ˵ζ
񽻻㣬඼û˵ƿԼߣû취СŮٸСá

ôҽԺô˵ȥҽԺջصңæǰӹϵĶ
ָͦõģػϸɲˣӰճ˵Ż߱ܿϵĶصĺܣǸոĵӡͷЩģԼʰĺá
ֱֻһʮ˰̣ҲֻܵͷǾͺãڱأҷš
һ˶²ûСء
СѾС˻θոյֵĻڱ
СԭԺιĸ׵ĺϾܽ
ʲôһͿԼСӡ
ǼҵĻڱǵ֣֡
֡
û𡣡
˲ǡ
ֻСɰͻԼĸ׵ġ
ǽ㣬硣
磿СѾϲ̧ͷ
ѽԺͽС磬СѾˣϲ𣿡
ϲСڻڱС˼£ϲ֮ڱ
أأ˶С
ѽҿǽʲôأװģ˼Сı鿪ʼ˵ԭǽнѽѽ
ѽСһϲ̵ġ
СһNɪģ˵Сһ㡣
ССһͬصͷ
ǽأ۵
ҲСģСӲŲѡ񣬵ȻѡԼġ 
СȻǸСͯﶺˣЦǻͶӸ
ţһղŲĴ
ѽѽΪһֱûзӦԼǸиˣһ⧲

9

ַԼϸоЩ棬ͷһظ̥ܵÿһССĴǣԼࡣ
ôǣֱԱʰǼ˵Цأһ鲻ԣ͸Ž
ҶĺӸոն¡Цſ
ģôͻᶯˣǰССʱ򽭳ֶڲҲûǱ鿴ܾϲ
Ҳǲŷֵġⷽ涼֣²ĶŶо˿ûзѾӵְ裬ľٶʲôԡ
СһԶûŪʲô£ͿԼһֹģʱʱַϣûڹǣСϲʼįشǰ,ʲôҲҪ
СŷԼͽֿرͷͷѾһһתʶİƿˡ
ԭǰǰһӾֱˤϣҲϰԵһţֶʱʹһʹ˻
Բ𡢶Բû°ɡæǰֱʵ
û¡ԼŤ󣬸оûʲô⡣
ɻؿ˿Լϱǻʱʱ죬Ҳɬܶ࣬ǰֻҪһʱϳ⺷Զ
ȻڵҲǣԼ񣬿ɻǻǲЩԼˡ
Ƿ֮ǰôһܶһµʱ䣬˽ҲǺġ
ҲſʼĽ࣬ҲпΪּˣ鷳ˣҲˣ̬ȲŻᷢôת䡣
ҲԼ˻ؼǼ£ұǰˡ
ȫ֪ʲôС
û£ﱦˣ˵Լкӻе㲻˼
ûѽССʲôҲû
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ǣʲôʱŻᶯѽ
ɡ
ϲһǽ㣿
ɡ

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֮ǰľҪҾߣС͵ľæõػӵĲִСĳߴҲˣʱ߽Ҿߣպһλ
ĹɴＸʹִŴ˰﹤
ʱҲǿԵƷʱˣڽչǲǮֻһķʳҪԵãƷУ˼ҲæҲûа취ġ
ȻڴڱôãɽֻǺܿ׵ġ
Ż·컹ûȫǺˬģǽĺ·͸Ͻ
ʼʱ峡ߡػϺͰʱò϶ˣ˻ýĺࡢǽʱʮһ𿪹ǵʳǲ̫ҲҲûжˣƵʱҪһЩ
𣡡ڼؾһӾͿ⿸һʳվſڣϵ·ʪ͸ˡ
磬ôˣϽӭǰȥ
ŵ㣬ŶأɲԼӶ֡
ɣȥɡҲͲԼˣͽݡ
Ъһɣˮ˵ϵ˱׿
£һڰˮ˵һʮƶһЩǸշּʳ໹ҪǷ϶ǲԵġ
ǼﹻôǿɱܰǸжֲЩġ
٣Ϲɶأôûгôˣȥ÷˳·ִڰҲֱӳš
ˣ뵽ִոĻƶոպÿҲһˣ
뵽͸ѼĻƶոļԼԭеҲжʮܳٶͰѻƶȫˮ
ڶһ绹˸Сĥ̻ؼңæ·£ִֻæĥСſСС͵ųˡ
ִĥһ趹׼õɴˣ˺˾ô󿪣תС˳ӰѱĸĭƲȥȻѻˡ
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ûе㶹õὬֻüİ״׼ˮ㶹
¶½һ׷ּδȦʽһ㵹붹УĽ裬ȵʼһ㶹Ϳͣˡ
䶹һöὬͶ׷ܿʼѹˡ
һе࣬ˮУʣµĶɶɡ
ûһͿʼЩˡ
ϱѽ
ⲻŽʱҶӸô
ѽòôɡ
һռ˵װû
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ɩӣ⵽ʱ򻹵һЩࡢǽʱأҾͻõģĿûˡ
ͷҼӸʲ˶ףǺܿͰǼģԥԥģּۻ۵Ųء
ȫŪһ͹ȥˣҲһС̯˶һּΡɣÿԣöһСĴջǲ
Ϊ㹻࣬ʱࡢǽȫˡ
м·ˣ𻹳ȥûؼˣǼ⼸һܹأʣСֶСģƫƫҪס·ٴ£˵˼Ҳȥˡ
ûм·ǲô᲻ãȹҵľúˣ·ˣͲˡ
½ķӣһڼһСһֺǰԺΧǽʯͷģֻ׵ӣոպõסߡ
һŴİӣﶼ˼򵥵Ĵ¹񡢺ӡ
ӻϵģȻʱôҲҪðӪһѧϰķΧԻصСǽһͻȻʱӵġ
ͷļҾ߶ʵʵڵľͷǽʵáﳬֵġ
귿ŪҾߣǮҲȥ˸߰˰ˣϾʣһٶˣǲ,ڽӾǴͷҲûرǮĵطˡ
»ûйȥ¼Ҿͻʰ԰ȥˣٻһɨ飬ٿԺôãͿʽס
ԺûʲôҪõģҲͲˣĿǰҲֻ˼ճһƬطء
ǰԺϼŹܳڵ˻ܳԹӣǸѡ񣬴м˼ԺǺϲӣʼＸ˵

10

˭֪⼸һⶼã˵ڼûؼ־ͺˣСҲʶֹӣСѹʲô˼ͷֻԼ⡣
ס·ʱҪðϯůӲźסżҿ϶ҪģȻԼԸĺúദҪġ
պýϵ̫ͽ϶ɩټϽ϶ҵİСӲܴչһЩڼִִɩС⻹Ҫϼϵ׽ѣƴƴմҲҪнϯС
ǲܵģֻ֪ͨԼңҲһʱûл˾ʹСȥˡ
СǿʼͷڼһܣԼ˸С
ûиĵСŮԼΪĶӿʼ˴ƵĴٱߣֻһ·ͣͣСŵط
һˡǸѹңĵһҲ̫̫Ǳʶ͸׽
ôֻˣ̫һԼҹŮ̲ס˳ģʽ
СѾҲ˵ŻͰСѾͷ˿Ǹɱȶˡ
ţڲСѾˣн硣СһͶԼĴͿʼĪִ
ãããԺžͲСѾˣС硣
Ů˵껰пմԼŮ,ˣ
ֲסһ飬涼ûء̫̫˵ʽѾϰˡ
ҶǷּˣҸʲôȥԼŮ²
û¾Ͳ˼ôǵģҹð
٣ⲻϰô˵˵Ҫ̫Щ˼ҪԼŮǰֻҪңˣе㲻ϰߡ
֮ǰǽ·ôͰңʱǵõԷ
֪ˣΪ㻹Ŷܻ´Ķӣ̲ס˵һ䣬֮ǰܻؼһĹԴǲԡ
еʱԺùⲻѰ˼ʲôôǻ̫̫ףðæҡ
Ҫ־ɣǰϾ˴ӱĵطôԺﳤĿɺˣҹʱһǺͮͮģȥ㲻ԹôͦأҶû̫̫ԼȻֳּϰԻġ
ɣϾ˰øңȻҪ̫鷳ˡ
û¶֮ǰϾ˻˵ǸƷֺãҴأ
УǵʱҸϾ˵һ̫̫һԼĸãҲͲˡ
ʱٸѰ¡ô˵ľûˡ
СԺֵôôæǰæٲ䡣
ҸԺſȥһһá
ɡɡɣʱûûȫ˻ˡ
ȷʵкܶûгͱСˣԺﶼһ⣬Ͼ˶ϹһЩС쵽ģ̫̫Ҳǵһ㡣
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ǮյûŰɶ㣿ԼŮոշּҽ·ҪǮʱ̫̫Ȼá
ǮյûţĲˣٲҪʮûˡ
һ⻰̫̫ҲͲˣԼźôܴסʱ»ӦӦҪԼŮ©ĸס
˵ˣǮҲȥˣͲٶˣҪؼæϯأͷҪ׼϶ܷʱء
˰ůϯ죬Ϊ󲿷ֶѾȰȥˣֻһЩСҪᣬⶼǵ¡
ʮҽɩִɩæˣ˵Լõģ㹽㶹ɡ⡢²˼Ϲϡʱߣһ
㹽ȽϷʱ䣬Խһʰü˵Ҿ͸ˣԭֻֻξɱֻ˵Ǻˡ
㶹ǰһϾͰ±ֻ֭ҪѶըƺãӵ±֭ﰾʮҾͿˡ
⻹֮ǰϼģոãԼ˶ûܳϾȫٷˡ
һﶼֽģʮ˾ȫˣŮǴСһ
ΪϯҪտ;ˣɴͽС֧˸СųԣִɩҲæˣڽɩոһ˵˾ͲڳˣҲ֪ʲôȥˡ
ԼинԾĸ˳ԵıϯرҪһЩͷ˭ҶԣŲ󷽵ίԼɩãϲˣܳԵĸ˵㡣
Ů˺СԷɢĿ죬Ǽ߳ԷߺȾƣƵĵ˰ɢġ
Ҳûʲôˣ㶹֮ǰͦĻʣһЩͷ˷֣Ȼټһ͵Ǹҵˡ
ʰˣҪȥҽû뵽ڷͷʱɲŵ
磬ǰҿȥ칫Ժˣ˵ǲӻ㰲˹
ԡ
硭š㿴˿Ҳ̫ϰడ
ĬһֵĻش:˵Ķԡ
Ǵ㿴绹еͺҪչˣڻûȢϱҪңǿֵܣ˵縸
ֱҪըʲôֵܣ½ͻȻӳˣԼڵţܣ縸ɱϾ׵˻ԼϢȽϺá
ˣЩתͷرǽɲţҲû뵽ᱻײһĻԵЩΣ˿ûԼ뷨ʲô⣺ҲҲΪ˴ãֶֻҲʤι
ûôɵ֪ʲôôõֲɣûһŶӣȫҾ͵Ŷɣⰲʲôģ
øҲ㳳ҹ˵˵ɲ֪Լ³ɲˣ뿪㡣
ɲߣȫ˵ˣʡûû˵ռˣнҲǣҪ̬ȣԺҪȥģһĺúùǾʹպϵһӶѣʹµ̬ˣھ˵
һ뵽½ҲûиԼ˵ݺݵصҲҽˡ
ִžһֱľսؿԼŶӵϱĴһͨûзӦϱڻͶ׼Լˡ
ԭûаѹøԼܵĴ㣬ڹҲаţֻȰԼܴߣںúøԼϱ͡
ܣͱˣҲԼʤΣѾȡƵİˡ

²ǸɵӰɣͽɲʱʵ뷨

11

ȥɣڹҲûʲô˵ġֲԼܵ뷨
ðɡɲűԼҴɧ𾪣˻л㱾ˡ
ԼǼʶ㣬ҲδԻ·ˣԸӵؿŽֵıӰ̾˿
ָհѽɲ߾ԼϱĬĬ̾˿תͼһذʵǹذϣ𣩵Ŀ⿴Լе㲻Ծ
ġôȥ﹤ˣ
ԣ̫ʡ
ʲô̫ʣ̲ס飬ѲôоͲ˻ͦ
ԭǰɳĹǲ̫ԶôֻŸӡ
ʲôɰƿڴ滹ҪװƽҧԼĺ΢Цʣԣô£бô
ֿԼϱ᣿Ц⣬ѵֱһ˿ΣգϽͣԭȥģ˵ɳСӻʱ뷨ӻأҾͰѹˡ
׸ˣ۾Ҳûôɵɣ
ǣǣ˸ڹӶӳĹ500Ǯǰһֱ˵ǮټڴŸӣҲ̫ԶûҽĹһǮ
ۿԼϱ鲻ԣֲа
û뵽滹ԼԭԼ߶Ļȥˡ
ԭȻΪڲӴôôȽ壬ɲùôأû뵽ΪԼΪңʽǺ
Ҿ˵˵ģҲϸȥµЩ˼ˡ
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ԣƽʱӸ˫֣ƱݶУ롣ֻǾñȽģҽ˫֣ԼϱϹֵʳҲܹԡ
һֱǸûʲô־ˣһĿǰ״Ҳ㹻ԼŻԻȵعӣžͺ˲٣Ц˵ͦõġ
ִûмԼôģ۾ˮģ΢΢¶ݵģԳġ
ŷΧã˫Ŀ㡢䣬鷸Ȼ󡭡ʹ˲ѡ
عԼĶӣĬ嶯ħ嶯ħ嶯ħ
ʱദȻԽкøУģԼϲͣθСԭ򣬵ȻúãĺҲǺҪŵ㣬ȫȫؽԼһİˣԼûȫ׼
ʹ֪Լȥٵһȣʱˮɣƾһʱ嶯ĺɶ
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·ӵķԣ٣˶Ĭûúӷֿ˯飬ǼһŴϡ
Լ̲סȻҲԼ̲ס
˼콭ֵĹʽʼˣϢܿϽǱ֪̫һʦˣһĻнɩ
ϴϱϴ󵽹ϰôû˵һּҾͲѵôӴǲТ
ԺڿΪֹ׼أԶԶؾͿ߹˻ûǰ̫޺ʽ
ɩɱ룬ﶼǹأɩһھǿʼŰĻ
ҾǶˣ˵ǲТ˳ˣһַڵصĲӣ´ǰˣ˼Ƶġ
̫ͽɩ˱齩£̫ԭŵ׶꣬ԾܹԷҳеûģԺҪϽΪ˼ҾסǮˣǮϽҵģң
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̫͵ذθߡ
ǹϽҵģҪϽʣͰѹó
һ⻰ˣɲҲ֪Լ绹ûɵǸ̶ȣƵʱһʱ˵ˣûӦⲻ춢ԼأҪȻҲָܽһϰ̫̫࣬ܳˡ
ɲҲ֪ҪȻҲ鷳̫̫žΪ͹ϵڴĹˣҪ֪ͷĹòã͹ϵĲǹؼڴû˼ҸҲ
еĹؼûʲôµģ⹤óҪ˭ȥϰѽ
ȻҼҵҵȥˡɩɲôøˣס
㿴ǼСҪеҪТ˳أǰɣתֶԽ̫̫ĵ
ǿɡаҪڵǰǰܺТ˳Զءĵ飬㲢óǿϷͦĵһġ
Ǿȥ̫νģΪ۰ҲТ˳Ķӣǽɩɫüѿ
Ҳɰƴǡ
ô㻹ˣǮϽҪţǲТԼܳȥɣôŷּңТ˳Ķϱүۣȱ²ТĻɡ̫һƴʹԼһĴȣɴײ꣬󺿴еƵսԡ
죬ţȴӲТүۣܿʶԼߡ
ȻMMP滹ҪЦ˳Ҳ뿴Ϸˣ˷Լʱ䡣
ʲôأǹڴӲӵģƽʱץץƦӵģС壬ץ˻أ˵ֵ͹ϵڴģҲûйʣܿ϶Ҫȥȥѽأ
ʲôɲô˵ģϴǻȥ籨ô̫̫ͽɩ.JPG
ǿɾͲҵˣҪǸùһǸϽﱨϲȥʼ磬ɵ˰ɣ춢˼ңΪʲôö˵л֪ɣ
˹Ų˵Ҳˣ̲ۣе˵㿴ˣǿ¹˰ɣȥɡ˵Ż߰ưǳԺš
ʵĬĬţǿɸϽ˰ɣɲ˲õǹ
ţ鲻תȥԼںԺι׼緹ȥˣˣ˭ϡ
ļʣֻˣʱһ춼һأСÿ𴲾ͶֻĸƨɿԼҲȥ˼ֻԼʳˡ

12

ڵĹֻҪǹûرָʱֻҪϰ࣬һܻؼңȻҪյʱҪѲߣǶʱŻȽæ
ʱҲҪʼŪأһؼҴкͿųͷȥˡ
ˣҪŴ̫æڼϢϢûô̫ȥ˼ҽͬ־߼ܶľû취Ҳֻۺ룬Ȼİõشźڼ˯
ʱСˣС米Ÿװ׿ľˮСʪëһȥͬ־Ͱġ
֣Ϣ°ɡԶԶؿԼѾ˽ķ֮һ붼֪жˡ
ȥͣ¶ǣӵļ˻ϽСǰӭǵĵһ˵ˮһ˵ëźʮܵˡ
ֺˮë˰ѺſһԴЦ𣬡ôʱˣ컹أ
ҪȥץֻأҲϽؼȥɻŵ㣬֡ùëʪ͸󱳵ĺŲ¡
ɣһͻȥˣ¾͸ϽȥɡֿɲԼϱӸ̫ɹţϽߡ
һ֪Լģ뿪ǰһ۾˵ҵµҵʱҪ㣡
ӼרŷСи˵ģǰո³һСУⲻյԺſھͿкüѡء
ϱҲѡѽɡһ˾͸ϽкŽˡ
ӣ鷳ֻ׳ʵˡ
ּãһѶ׳أƶྫ񡣡
СоͰǰ£ʮʮֻƲӲë׵Сװڶʮ׸ߵǳ⿴رɰСССĿͱȥˣˢˢڿǰ۷ضſ
ΪֻֻξѡֻʱֻһЩˣͰѼʣֻ˳
ӣֻаɣҪһֻֻĸġɲῴ治֪ЩôЩֵֹıµġ
УҪŵùҾͰţ̫СҲֻƸšⷽҲǸмңŻһЩġ
˼УתͷһСѾһͷȥˣʲôأûȥˡ
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ԣСϾͿ˷ܵˣһ˻ﱧһֻССĸؼҡ
ҵʱֻСһŵļߴߴĴյԭеֻĸߣֻСʱȺԺյϷţֻܵȽֻؼٸǴӡ
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֮ǰѾںӣԺſڲһԶĵطСӦòܰһС֦ѾԺǽǰԺ࣬þҲһ׶ңԶԺʯԺ컹
¼ҵĲõʱȫˣʱҲ˼Щ飬첻ҳιǸŴȥҰˣȥβݣڵСûʲôߵӣ뵽֮ǰɱļëţӸС滹ܶ塣
뵽ȥѡϼںɫŹĳҿĿŵСʯƬ߲һСߵʱۣ˿鲼һЩСëʯƬ
ССôԼ緹﷭Ҳڼʯͷë˼ҵĴŶӻȥϹɻԼҵĺԴˤͷ֮ԽԽˣСûʲôоʲô͸ʲôС֮ǰϽʱѾʼżɻĺҲԼһ߼˼ˡ
첻ȥϹôΪΨһΣеˣСԼбҪԼ
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Ҫˣôּ֪˵ǸˣôûԼ϶ѡ
ǰҪô϶ΪɻԼﲻ˵С;ԼѾ˼·ͨˡ
ùŮ˵ĺе䲻಻ԶҲӦȥϴԣϾʱеĴ඼ܼ飬ֻͷŬǮͽ㲻˵Ҳ벻ʡ
οڿͦãܲסôһ裬û׼ŴһЩأһԼŮ
С磬˵ĺܺãرԣؼͺúø̸̸úñȥ
ãԺͲȥϹ𣿡
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ΪС죬ÿ춼СȥСϪһϪˮҲֻСȵȣǺܷĵģµĴϲˮ߱ϴϴ·һ죬һ˭ھ˵˭˭úҲɵ䡣
С·ϾͳѾ˵
ϱǺþûϹˣ˰
ǣʱֵܷ
Ҫ˵֮ǰŹŻڿ㣬Լԭα¶ˣƽʱڼһ֪ôʹ˵ء

С˼򵥣𱻱˵ȰԼȥϹ
ƽʱڼҲɻѽιɨضǻŲ˵ʲôأЩ޹ؽҪ˵ЩʹĻǺӵСҪúúǻġ
ԣڿ졣С˿϶ĵͷԼɻǰҲڿġ
ԼԼ¾ˣù˼ô˵һ㼦һֱæҲ깤ˡ
ëйԵرÿ

13

£о
ӡеֻˣҪȻ쿴Լҵޣܾе㲻þ
˵棬СһӾ͸ˣôѽ
ʵԼҲþûˣýֽסоԾýźϥǽ˼ģŶӲ㶯ܿͽӲסˡ
Сһֱؿһؾȥ
С翴֮ҲʼȤŸ¡
ˣžԼɣǲֽӣܵϡڰԼȥԼһ̲סŶӣսľܲˡ
С߶Ǽ˷ֺ̽ģСԺ档
ԼؿԿʼ׼֣ͷ¼ŵĲ֣ײˡСˡļ˵⼸ĲֶУЩСȣЩζõĲ֣֮ǰļҲûжˣŵȥЩ˳˼һ֡
Լڼ棬šС˵һͿŸӳˡ
յʱͷֱƽʱֵĶ࣬ºܸߵľһ˵ƽʱ˽ûдǰֱӾӼȥˣΪƽͷżУñ˼Ҷ࣬ͨ£Ǹļ
ӣôһﶼһأһ·ϹöûϹأ
ǿ쵽ÿҪˮץʱⲻѾʼҲ쿪ʼ֪ͨˮˡ
ôô˲ϹأͲˣʱ򻹲ǰֵַ㣬Ҳÿܳɡ
ԼСأʱ򷽱ЩССϺɡӵǼֲˡ

֮ǰʱûȥɣҪƴϵ㣬ʣµСϺС㡢Ӱ֮ĶԼ̶ٶԼģôСʱ䣬һɲСѲ㻹̰
˵һ֪ءûйĳģ⼸ͷɻʱ࣬治֪ôϸ
𼦵ָЩ֣֪׼ץĺϢؼ·鶼õòˡ
ӴӵպǸŶʮף·ߵĵﶼף·ˣ׶׸߿ʼ룬þܳˣ·ԶԶͿ·ߵ׵ߣʼűܿһ㣬ϾЩ붼֪ʲôµİҲûȤ
ɶ࿴ܾи˺Щ񽭳ɲţ¿ɾͲܲȥˣ˭Լأǰʱ仹ԼײռԼҵıˣԼײɻ£ԼȤȥʶһµġ
߽ȥһ׸˲ˣӦѾѡλãŸϽǰ
ɲţ֮ǰ˵ܵ繤أƭһһŮѹʡ
ݼͬ־Ҳû뵽ģ˭֪Ҵôأ ɲ⻰˵۶ҪˣûôҪˡ
˵ô죬ܲҸԿɡɲһͶԷ̬Ⱦ˲١
ģһõģʱ϶Կࡣ
⡭˵磬֮ǰһֱڳġ
ǽ˻飬ƽʱҲͲȥϹˡ

˼Ƿ֣ŪŵҲĵĳ׵ػؼˡ
ɲŲ֪ʲôʱ֪Իݼѹˣ˻һЩʵԵβɲſ֪֣࣬СӿЩŮ֪඼д⣬ȶģϾ˼˼ģȷʵȴﳤĶ˵ʣ˼Ů֪ôῴֻлӵĽɲţͲ¡
˼һžСһһۣļ̌̾۾ͿСһӣѵߵúܺãЩЩżϥǽߡǰߡ󹴵Ķͷ硢λӣСԱ̾
˶ȷʵвһϵÿһֶǳÿһбԼ࣬ǿշġ
ſûӣһתƣǰӹӡ
ͦ˧ѽͬ־ϴԵЦ⣬ŵ⿴
⻰Щ˼ðŹƲסĿ,ͷʵôֱ׵Ŀޣڷ֮,ǰиߺûɣ
ѽⲻǿСû֮ǰ˵պʱ档˵ڲӵǵˣȷʵԭļûгֹӡ
һΣСӹԼĿ˷ܵغ
ȥɣ˳̽ǡЦʱ˺пϻʱźģӹϵ಻׽ϣԼĺӺ͸׵ĹϵԱȽһЩġ
˺ԺһһƬǽ壬ֻúõĴŽļֻëûʾС죬ֱСųѣƬСӶﵽԺſڶǱĳĲҶͲݣԶԵĲɾҲˣǻһ·һ·ԺЩݡҶйĻ˶ֱ
磡ҹһûƽϢԼŭһڲ״ĳ˲̲סˡ
ǰԺСڲŽַʾͶأһСһͷˮĻ࿴˿սսԼŶĥ䵽Ժ
˶ˣ°ͶźԺķ̧̧Ƶ˵úÿ
ССһ顣
֮ǰǲ˵ֻܷųԺģ֮ǰйüΣֲǲ֪
ССĿɫͲԾ¡
СôǾԼûô
ǣСÿŶҺͽһǾͲͣؽСССֻž͸˼˼ࡣ
ǸǷųԺʲôϵ
һֱңǽ˵ҪС쵽ȥˣ϶ˡС˵Ͼʹ
ҾͺûаǴȥˡ
ԼͦõģҪӶһ飬ԼûͲˣȻҲûкö٣ǾԼһҪǷųģ԰ɣ
С͵͵ԼһС˵:аҡ
ã㣬Ǿͷһ˰СȥӾɡ˺ԺդţСֻСˡ
Ҳˣ˵Ҫʲô
ҺͽһСȥӾ˵̲סЩЦ
ˣѺԺɨɾ˾СС֮ǰüСɨģ˭֪Լȷ˵ˣܶҪԸѵС

14

СѾԼСƨɣŰѴɨѣڳࡰζĺԺɨŵأѾȥˣֻʣһںԺդһʼڿϷڼ๤׵
Сϰɨһ¿Ͱ͵ؿһԼɨһٿһۣ㿴Ҿûʲô˵ô
һֱԱһ̵ʽ׵˷ӦɨһۣԼĵ̫ɾ
ԭȻеСڴСϿţﲻۣ
־ԼҶӰԹСвɽվſ˰Сʱû֣żѣҪ֪ԼǶſɰСһݲ
С
һкС˦С첲СƨƨߵܵߣҪ첲
æ첲£ҪһԼͺݲˣվã֪Լô
Сһ¶סŲͣ£ֱ۰ͰһĿҲòĻ
£ӲͷƤʣأ
СЩ۾һߣ˵㻵
οɲ򵥵ķŹҪ´κĻ֪ʲôʱأô
Сװͷһ£ᶨ˵ûˡ
ЦЦĿȷûˣ
ôԼı飬Ҳе
УͨͼӱܳͷҲǲԵġСƽʱжԼʱϰͨԺ͵ˣȷʵúú˵˵ĸë
ʼûаңġСĵıһ䡣
ᶨôûд
ðɣ֪ˡСһǻϴĵ͡
Ժ¾Ҫֱ߽Ǹڵĸ񣬻ǰøദ
˰ɣеľһƨһ߶߶˵еܲˬ˶Էһۡ
УڼҵʱʹֱɵһĪǳ֪ԼϱΪʲô
ˣȥؼҰɡ˵˵ˣǴ˵ʱˡ
СѾŷŶ죬˸ҲųͷŲµȥˣ˵ǱȽϼġ
ųͷǰڿӣ˳ýŸ
֪쿪ôԼȽϹĵ¡
ţѾ֪ͨˣҪȥˮϿʼмҪԱ߿ţҵʱͲؼˡѾĵ֪ͨϾＸȽܸɵ׳꣬һʲôҪ鶼ǰǴк
ǰôû˵ˣԼǳŵ֪ôµġ
͸˵ġϾϲſʼǰô˵ıҪ
صҾʹǻ˵䣬ôǷޣһЩʲô¾Ͳܸ˵˵ôˣúýͦѾ
֮ǰ˵Ҫ»ô
뵽ǰżڼҵļʱ䵹ǳԹԭԭͷ˵ӵ£ֲ˵Ļ
ΣȻԼ˵ģ͸һֺĸо
һֱڼȻҪ˵˭ϡһ˵ķϻԼҪұֳԼ˵ơ
־ÿǵԼԹŻ᲻˵һпʼȻҲˣãԺʲô¶˵һ˵
ϣСԹ緹ʹżһˮȥǱߣΪûлؼң֪ǿ϶а͵ģɻǲĵ׼һЩȥ
һѾۼ˲ˣΧߣ֪֮ŶӵԼͺúôΧٵĵط
֮ǰˮļӦöȺ棬ΪһĴ׼ҪŴﰲŵ˴ȴ̼󣬲Żôһȥ©ˣԼҲȥֻüСԼȥǵͳԵġ
׼һȺ˻³ʱǾˡ
ԼԼһҪЩ㣬ͰССˮǳһСѺʹ塢ĺһЩ˿СЩССϺԼȥ㣬һǡ
ֻڴĵطͶӳ֧ƷȽϺãͷ͵磬ϾҲԲ꣬ôʵʳҲǲ˽˽еģʣµĲǰַָ˵Ĳ֡
ȸ˵ҪؼѬģԽѡҵһԵˮͰء
ϱ㿴ôһԼϱ̲סǰţΧһĺЦ
úܣЦŸǴкҶһҪæô
ûˣɩӣŽǳָؼҰ
֧飿ܻؼϢôϾһûϢأŲ˵壬ԼҵҪϢòˣԼҵ飬Ųء
СһЩ㣬Щʱҵȥ͸Ͻؼȥõ϶ĻشȻȥϢ˳ȥԼҪȥӡ
Сļ˷ܣҲɱľСЩСϺĶҪ֪ʲôãСʲôһЩС¨ˣСĻֻǵ˵ס
Сô̱ѽʵ⺢ӺöʱԻ·Щ֡
бѽÿ͸ˡС˵һСȻСϺһԵԱ˵ı¨
û뵽ССͻֵôأû˼ҲҪô
ǿﶼЩô᲻ҪСһǲɵı鿴
ѶŽ˱¨ҲҪ˼ͬſԡ
ðɣ´ξʣҪǽĿҲѾˣһءС˵ԼЩί
԰㲻ҪģˮǼѽԲͬ㵹˱¨СƨǶСͦ࣬ʱ𶼾Ҫ˵ˣӹȻס
СҪԵöˣԼС¨װѡ˸û˵ĵطúóϴմŵˡ
Ҫ緹ʱڿʼˣϽԼսƷؼңϾµ״̫ɲôܵġ
һصҰѼͰóʼһջ񣬳ǷֵģСŪһССϺ˿ôӰҲôȣͦණģСһŪģһϾʹԱ߿Ÿûж֣СӶɾ͸ģǰܺ²ظ
СϺװ͸ˣӰˣȡ׻һ˿ٷһЩСȥιιȥˡ

15

ڼһĥţͦһʱȥˣϽҵĽɲžȻûʲôԼؼ˺öĶԲ߶ûϣ˾ǲ߶
·ݸոչˮûжãֲųûͿ϶ҵĽԼˣôˣͳԹ𣿡
ĸ㵽ȥһˡ˵ͶǼ˳ԷҲߡ;ϵ֥ͺʹлСϲ;к࣬һ㣬ڶǲ˼ң;ͽųԹˣϽҾһ
ѾˣϽҳϵǺܹעģûܱܵŮɸԵ۸˵ӣûʲôģװࡣ
һԵɡ
һϽҵĵţû¾ֱ̫̫׳
ϴҵģ׼˵ˣ㿴ǵɩİǲӦõġ
뿴ǲǸɲһ׵ˡ
˵ļҵİ֮ǰҲû˵
֪أɲȢ´ֶʶŮˡ˵ŻָĿ
ü̫̫ȷʵǶҲû̫̫
ôǸãܽʱҼܺ͵һһ·񰡡
̫̫صذ˽йɲΪ·ģ˭ϡ·ҪƸ100Ǯ
ѽɩ!ּҵʱǿɷֵ1200ǮأôƸʹ˵ʲôɣ
ɩҲˣҪּ֪ôһǮһֱۺأټϷּ֮СǹԽԽãɩӾԽùˡ
ϽҾͽɩͽ̫̫ŮģеĻصǲģԼȫڽɩϣÿ깤ҪؼҸһѻԼҴɩĴ
Ҫ֪뷨ǵЦɣҪ֪ڹģǵӶѣңػʱֵеĶҲԼġ
֪Ҳɩ˳ۣ100ǲ࣬Լôأô
ǶüҳٰҼҳһˡ
һҼҿûּңǮأɩڨڨ
ϴҵľͳϱˣǮϽˡ
˵ôʱ䣬ƸĴ½ϵͽ綼ڣⱾͲ̫Ծǽ̫ͽɩˣɲ˵Լ飬Ա߿Ϸ˶Ǳ˵˺ôͰư͵ԼϣëˣôҲҪʵɡ
ô˵ôҲͬ˵ģϵСһ򲻹ܣôռ£̫̫֪һͬģصѡôʱϴϱ˽°Ǯõˡ
һʼյʱûʲôУּҵʱҲʲôƽĽҲϽӣΪԼƢãֻνӦûлأ¼Լһ㽨ģԼһֵģˡ͵ģǮԼôģȻҲԼġ
ȻȫԼģǾ;֡
ɲǰѽֵ׵ôöôҪǲøˡ
ϴϱ˵ʲô㣿̫̫⻰ˡ
˵ⶼǴʵأҪȻʮһʼʮ鵽⼸ʮ鶼ǽˣڷּ˻ҪҳǮܽ飿û˼Һҵʲô°ɣ˵ָ׵ƵҲûдɣ׵ôǮأľԼ˵ĺе
¼ӡɥǣǼżֱѪùˣҽǵϴ鲻ɣȻ˵úܶԣ̫̫ըˡ
УҪǸᣬ˻ϽҸǹҴ¼ҹŲǸвء
㡭㡭̫̫ˣϳ˰ɨѾϴ
ƲԼ̫죬Լ͸Ͻȵ£찡ɱСӿŶŴɱдɩ
˵Ϊʲôأ
ϻŶܲҾ⼸˾ôһеĿ̫ţ˭
ϽλþڴԼôһɤӹһͿʼпֵˣϾոһ֣ڼҵ˻Ƚ϶ࡣ
ɲŸϽǰס̫̫תͷֿʼȰ
ɩһʱˣûĶ֣Ҳ±˵лصشųøﶼ
汻סվΪ˷Ͻҵˣرǽɲ¶ռԼıˣԼбҪ䣺
ܰıȽ϶࣬ҲȥĶ࣬ɩи㡣
ɩ˵
׵£ǲŮ⣿ȥٱǲһ׼İҪһ֪Ļ˻飬ҲвȺ罨Ůɣ
Ȼֻǳץϣ´Ҵھ͹ȥˣȥٱĻ˼һǺץȥģټǰмŮ֪౻Ⱥ¼ί˿ɶɱҲŹġ
ɩǿһˡɲŵɫѿ
ѽһϲƵģľˡ
ãʱһҪνɲֻܳǣǿ¶Цˡ
ҿˣ
Ǯûأ̫̫һС˵һͨҪˣ̲ס
ɲɫݵĽһ̫̫Ų˵
ǶӣͦʵŪ̫̫Ի·
˵Ķ˵ˣҲǣԼߵź󣬾ǽԺ⴫һЩӦǲǰԼеģȥҪţֶסˡ
ͻȻʶӦвΧ۰ɣոյ¸ԼһУſ´˸ȻƿһѿֵƤ˳ȥϽĶ˱ⷬŪĿɿڴƤģûôҪɧ
ѽϱô
⽭̫Ҳ߯ˡ
찡⻹Ŷӣôµȥְ

ڸֵĺüæǰ
ԭһȺ˾ĴΧ۹֮˽ɲŵΪûʲôˣ˶аֵۼˣ뿴뿪û뵽ôһĻ
ǿûжְԼŪġ̫ﻹɨѼػű⡣
ɲźͽɩҲʶˣæǰͣǲû˵
һΧ˵ĳϱԼأ͵ͷֻ˵üԼԼؼңĻûж˵
˿Žҵˣرǽ̫ڵӣٿԼͦŴվҪվȵӣ˭ĻͲö˵ˣƶѾԶԲһϷˡ

16

ڷǰ׼ճС·ֻ⡰ѡһԼԺǽϵվȥͼֻŻŵܽһúõվһȻǰһصعֱֻ۶ǲģǼٵġ
ԷϺϢĲڣȴѾʶ˳Ĳ°ġ
ôˣӦô󣬲ʲô˰ɣȫû뵽Լϡ
㡭û°ɣֱ۾ƽԼʱ´ϸ˿
°ؼҵ·ҪŷˣϳŻһжúõģһ˵֣ϱ̫̫ɨᣬĺӶ֪ܱܲס
һ˵Ѫһصģ˹Ҳˡ

ְ汾جģһһţ»ؼҵʱԼϱ
û¡ԼúڼҴţȥϽҹһȦʲô£
΢΢üͷʣһؼ·˵㱻ˣ
!°ﺰҵȥ˵ǳһٿܽõģҲͳ˼졣ͷȥ۾
Σʱͦˬģºе㣬Լ̫ˣƽʱ˵Ϲĸˡ
ŵӱʵĶЩ㶯ˣ
ͶɨѣҽܣͰסˣҲûʲô¡
𺬺Ĵ˵һҲ˵һϢ˵ӣľԼʱЩӣȻ˲̫˼Īе˷ܡ
ҲڣֵıζģԭΪǼ򵥵ϱͣû뵽Լֵܶв͡
ţûڡĬĬԽڳɫָģͼϽҵĲҪԼûԼô
ǸҡҶ֪عǿԼǣԼ鲻ѿûгɹҲʵڲ֪Լ˵ʲô
ûϵԺ㶼ҵľУҪгһ֡ȴϴЦֱֱĿ۾
УԥĶӦڽִš
о˵Ķ˵ּ̬꣬æԼ߻ˡ
ԼԲ⣬ȴô򵥵ؾʹ˽ҹ£һжãͳŴȥԼǺú̸һΡ
Ͻʱֵͦģϵؼ·Ͼ˵̫̫ɵĻ£ЩŵĴԣ˵ʮʮ߷еģϾ̫̫ڼͷҲǾĲⲻ´ҾһΪĹ϶̫֡
ʵ̫ûˣһҽϵѵ̫̫Լίأһ¾ըˣϵԳΧСһȰš
ֵʱô棬ģɲۼһͿˣæˡ
ʱһӰ
ˡϵк̾˿һ¡
ϴϱҲúúùܽˣڻѧˣ˭Ҳûжһָͷֽ̫̫л
ѽ磬ȷʵûжִˡɩŽ͡
ɩһ򲻶ԸɵܵܲףԼҵʲôôأɲǰڳһʹļ׵ӡ
ֿţԼˣ˵ǵǸˣһ֮鶼ûУſھͶָûа취Ǵڵ֮󣬻ʶһЩνļˡ
ϱûµ߼ʲôйô
ּˣžͲܷԸô˵ԭ򲻺˵̫ǹŲӻһ䡣
Ը飿ʲôҪŶģΪҪǮô
ô꣬ҪǮôˣǮҵġ
ã¾ңϱиøǮ֮ǰʮѾˣҪòˣ֧үҼǮĻһ㣬·һؼҡ
أ־ûа취Լ˵ҲͲ˵ˡ
Ǹûĵġ̫ΪӵǮӦԼġ
ˣӲôϵǾûԣһֱѭŮڵĴͳû뵽ʱֻеҪǿĽ̫ˣôͿ
ˣ֪ˣԺûˡ̫ݺݵصԼӣȻһֱԼߵģľͲԼһ
֮͵ңϵǮʳÿҲᰴʱҪǮܽ»ǲҪٷˡ
ܣԼʵҾͲҪȢϱˣŻˡ
һ˱ⷬ˺ƤĶԻŪյͳԽطžԽԼǸңе뿪
ɣ֮ʱٹǡ
صԼҾͼԼϱźӲ֪Ҫʲô˰֮ǰļë˳ҳϻڰ
ϱڸʵǿⷬ
СرĿרע͹ĽͷҲ̧˾仰

š
ۿžҪˡ·ˣСҲѾ꣬͵СѧʼˣСϾСѧӦȻûôѡˣԼرӦûǿԵġ
ϧõģʵȴܲпᣬٵÿˮҲ޵ɫĲҲ뵽˵֮ǰʣµļëڲһֻȰļ϶ټرصС˶׷Ӧһɡ
ⲻС·ݾ͸ȥСѧãˣʱὭ֡
ţ˵㡣Ѿ𵱼Ծ
üͷ⻰ҲȥϽʱսˡ
ﻰ˵ô
аɣ˵ˣԺǱ¾ң㲻ᡣʵڲ˵
㻹ôԸر졣
ԺͲҪԼȥҪҿĵطˣŵˡ˱ۣԼ˵Ϣʱ黹¡
ѾѧˣģҲ˵Щĵ顣
׼ʼˣҪһôСںö׼ˡ
ϧΪԾȥϰ칤׬ˣûμԼҵӻ
ûоĲڲ軭һֻ漦Ĵ״ߺͽ˫رë̶ڲϵضλϡ
ϧǶʵڸ뷨ճϼë軭״ԽԽԲҲģû취˿ֻøһڸĳɶ䣬۾ԲĹʵӲĳɴȵĳ񼦵èͷӥ
ʲôŶļСԼֵĳƷ⣬˼顣

17

ҪѧõģСһһѾӣԼСüͷ
ѵⲻÿôеεЦʣʵԼҲʵزǿǸȵİڴҶûȵ˵ֻʣ³ˡ
ܺÿÿġСƵƵͷʾͬ
СԼɵǺõģСǸˣ΢һ󣬲ôš
ŵܵôϲԼֲž˵:Ҫ͸ܵܰɡ
СǰһΪ˵רŸģԼϲҲֻһֱ￴ûΪУ㶼˵ˣ˶ЩڴĿ
ǡСϲôԭô֮ǰû֣
ţţĿصͷ
УǾˡϾ㲻ϲеһȻôŹƽͦõġ
ۣлл㣬ллССֺ༸¼ëѰԼĵı˱ġ
űŰɵֵĶӣˣ˲ǰװһҵİɡ
㻹û˵ֻôŸأ
ǹֵֹģе㡭󡣡һ仰СĴյ˵
⻰ôأܲ˵ǷƵļ̫ѿ͸˸û뵽Լˮƽʵ̫ˣԡšǳɡ
ӦáֻèϲԼĶͰ͸һֻˣֻ˶䡣С֪ž㲻ϲ͸㣬еһҲⱲİһԼʵû취۾ģİ˵ֻèͷӥ
ôܲèèĶ䣿֮ǰ˵ˣñң˰͸Ļ챧ôС⻰Щ
è߱˻ۺ۵ġôأС
۵ôСɰһ𾪡
ѽƽʱˤһ£˲ôҪƽʱܵ˻ҪۺܶܶࡣԲҪҪְ׼ıˡ
ǣǡô죿С벻ôֻ࣬ԼոСϣ
ڲǺúõġһ⣬Ǿͷõĺأ
ǡǡ˵ԼԺˡ
šСŬĻҲ뻹ҪеģҲôء
ôСôô
ԼôԺͻôΪ
ãһĶıˡ
ǸС磬ѾûмëˣֻܰͨĵˡЩϧԼŮĽѧġ
С糤һдͨľͺܺˡ
Ȼ֮ǰֹô£ڰѮʱϽһǰϲ磬ֻЩ¶޹أҪʼǰһ콭϶С˵ýֵڶؼҰæ֪µġ
󲮣үһȥæ
Ҫϰ࣬㵽ңϯǰȥġ
ˣӶе˻ػ͵ͷˣûж˵ʲô
𿴿ֵʣ첻ȥæ
ţϯȥˣҲϻһȻı顣
ðɣ˼ҿϯȥĶǿˣҪԼϽҵĿˣûʲôģҲٶ˵ʲô
ڶ콭ֻһϰ࣬絹ǻؼұƽʱ磬ҴкֹȥԾϯ𶼲֪˵ʲô㲻ȥæԼ˾ûе˵ԾôôЩŰɣΪ湤ǸëǮϵ
ϽҵֲǰҰæֻǰûˣǺܻӭȥһкˣˣҲյһ鵽ſӭӭɡ
ˣҹҲǿˡ˵ԼظŶӽȥˣǰ˵ͼϵĽɲΡ
ֽ𣬴һԾˣëǮȻ˵е˼Ҿͼһ鲼ͷˣֵܲæֻô𣬿֮ǰȷʵֵеˣҪ֪ȢǴ£Ĵûԭ򻹲æޣԵڱ͵˼֡
ԷʱҲǣֲûڳ극ˣűһ˻ģ˼Һôǰ˵乧ϲĻأϽҼ˱һٶɫϼ֣ԭ˵ϲ磬նЩֵֹġ
ô磬Ҳ⣬ôɢˣû¸˵˵
ûʲô˵ģͦģæúܣҾȻˣ㲻ǻ˵ĶҪʼôʱ䣬һҹȥŪˡ̬Ѱ˼ҪɵĻ
ãؼҵʱǵõϪ߰ѼСĽлؼҡĶ쳤֮󣬳ԵĶ࣬һڼҶɵʳû취ֻܰʱȥˡ
вСҪȥѧˣʱƾԼÿСȥŶ죬;ԼԶ찡Сһζźöö鷳ԵҪѧģǼСļֻĴθ죬̸Լµ
þõȵʼԽµʱСҲӭСѧѧգȻСԼҲͶʮӵ·̣ԼʽлҪһģصýٴСһСȥѧУԼֻؼˡ
СҪѧñԼƵĿţʱѧʱѿαؼңСһͰԼļëҲˣһ·˲˵Ŀ⣬Сͦøֱˡ
ýͺȥѧУıʦ˵ûƽʱעԼӣ˭֪ˣѺһͣӽ鱾ѧѣ˵ˡ
СѧУһμôСѣټԼСҲǵһδҫŲϻؼңǴĺҲûʲôĵģ˸ľŵϣСһѧУˡ
СؼҳԷʱСʽСѧãһƽӣСŻѧУĵ˷ܵСȰȵģһöѽö˶ء
ӴСϿѧʲôӹСװſα˳ڻԼڱĶһ䡣
ѧ֪ö˶˵ҵСúÿѽСԽ˵ԽģԼİԼѰͬС
￴ôɰѽС绹ҪȥôĿһ䣬ص㣬˷ܵ״̬ôСǺúȰȰҪѧУˡ
ȥˡԤϵԭܸ˵СȻû˵Ҫȥ
ԭȿ״̬ΪԼҪͦ˵ء
ôողǻܿô
ԼʻСǺˣǲٶ˵
ֻʾһߵС磬ĸŮԱ˵Ļ
ܵܣˡ
ô᣿ڼǶϲô
Ҳôģ˵ʦϿβ˵͡

18

ðɣԼʱ򱻱ѧУڽϿԼڽĬĬӲҳĺʷȻͬҲͬޡ
СȥӺòãʪӴ̫úƨɣֻܾƽȻ
СԴĲҲ§š
СѽﶼûȥѧСأСͷÿ佱లοһ£ܻܲ
ûáССĲͷ˵һ䣬ֲ˼תͷȥ
ö㣬ʱҲأûµġ
򴲱˲֪ѽұö˿Сɤһ£ͷںöϡ
һⲻԾѽ˿Ϳˣ
СһӦԼż򴲣ֲʲô£ѽǲǾͲǵҵСͼǵСˡ
٣ԼΪѹأʲô߼ﲻ֪ѽҪȥʣ
Сӿ˿Լ￼һ£Ȼ󿴵վһԵĽǰһҲȥýȥ͡СӵСǱСС
ΪԼˣȷϣصǰ˼ҼǲסҫĶ
ţСصͷϱֳˣȻˣȻΪأ˼
ðɣӮˡְֱĿӣµģΪάСԼе
ѧԼȥʡѾŰοСˣоԼܵĴĴˣСƨһȥˡ
С磬һѧôѧУʲôӶܵ߼ĴǸŮ˵˵Լһӵġ
ʦͽֻԼ֣Ҫʼѧαء˵ѧУСϲɵĶ˼Ц
ԼȥѧУҪúˡ
ϺöŮǴŵܵѧģܵܲȥô
ܻܵСأѧԼ£ôŵܵܡ
ΪڴСѧѧѧѣֻҪԼαѾУһ϶ȥѧкܶ˶ǵȼкӵ˶ͣŮӸȥҪѧУҲչŵܵܣСϵͬŮҲͼǱ꣬кӵǲ඼͡
֮ǰ˵ýƽʱúýСǸദģΪʱС绹ڣС÷ֿСһֱĵĸŽȥ棬лýɣԼɵ档
СʽúѧԺСͿʼÿڼңӡιι죬ԼｲĹ£磬ʹŶ죬ԼţԼϹɻԼҪڲԶ£ȭ١죬һؼҵ
տʼʱСؼ˻ߣҲǲǽǲǶС̫ϸѵ̫󣬵Сܺã˯úˣҲͲٹϾкӻǸȽϺãСûǰһֱŵʱôˡ
ʮ·ݵǰ´һæյ飬Ҳﲻʲôæֻÿ໨Щ˼óԵģǲޣְֻѼļɱһֻ׺ͻ꣬ûЪһһ͸оԼĶӿʼйɵʹ
ԭ̣ǰһڣԭ𶼼ƻˣȥǰסҽԺȥԼǾڴҽվģ˭֪ԼŸ38ܾҪˣǼƻϲϱ仯
ʹһʮСʱģŽȥ￪ţԼ򵭶ʰö׼ͣС𴲣˳緹ֲŻŵػˣҺûǽϴţ˴רŹţæϳԼҲû˰æСֻôźһȥ
˸Լ̫̫кæһ¼û취ҪϽҵİæˣ֪ԼҵʱʣЩʲô
һ·ϻƽ˳СʱŵҽԺһԼЩϰˣǽԵúܽţСһЩӰ죬ƽﰲ١
ҽԺʱԼһֱŵžͷȻ豸ͦªģٿŸɾߺãȴҽվǸխơķаȫеĶࡣ
ʱʹʱһҲСʱˣһֱǺܹɵӾһƻеõȣǮýȥЩԵģҽԺʳиҪƱĴڿֱǮ򷹵ľһЩСˣҪԺһЩĻҪƱģҲû˼ȥԻƱȽ͵ĳˡ
ȵʱ̫̫ҲϵҽԺһԼҹŮ˴͸ϽԼʰţöӶϱտùŮΪַӵʱûչ˲ҽԺܵģԼ͸Ҫˡ
˶ڲ⽹صȴţ̫̫ҲͲȥ͸һϹˣʱ͸ļʳĺͽ̨£Що飬´ƱͰ͵ģҽԺ϶˼ṩĵط
ֻ̫̫صҽԺͼѾصֻ˯˻ûѣߣֺӾԱ߶ŸճС
̫ºܸ߿ŻͼԱֵļ˵ǼϽȳԷɡ
,СܵŶһ󡣡СһǸڷĺӣһ̫̫һʱ˵ˡ
Сһ߸ŵͷܵȷʵò̫ÿ
СӶͺÿˣȳԷɡ
֣ҲϽԵɣһˣӶ˵ʱеæء
̫̫СĻҪ˵˵վڲȵĴˣҲǺˡ
Ǳʳζѵģû취һ̫ˣһ۾ͿԼŸСССһţͷͷƤƤģͰ͵ģ۾գ沿⻹Կأ鿴ŻЩƫ̱ġ
һӦǣ찡ó
Լĺӣϸ˵ÿ֡
ˣоô̫̫һֱעԼŮһѾͿˡ
аɣôˣ̫̫æŵû뵽˼ֱҽԺˡ
Ҳô죿˺СĻ֪˭չ˭أ̫̫˵ĻôȴѾ
Ӷ˰ɣˣҪʱ˭ԡ
ЩСԹĻﲻЩů
ҪԶűҲ˵ҪѵĶ̫̫ýְѺӱ,ûбôСĺӣҪ̫̫ŰŪơ
ԣ첲ñͷţƷűƨɣһֵֻĸ첲űȣоڱСҪͷֻ̧̫߰΢΢һߵͲˡ

 19 

ȻСֻһ㣬ɽֱûӾ͸о彩Ӳ첲ҪԼž͸ۡ
ʱС극ҲյԼԱߣСֳ·˵һ㣬ҲҪܵܡ
Сƶûб任Ǳ˲پô彩ֱƽƣĶԼ̲סЦ
ϽģЦҲۡ
̫̫ԼҹŮ˵ŻԼҲȥϽԼִŮӹС
ԼΪЦ𵽶Щ۵Ķӣʵƽܵ˱΢һСٴеӣůͬʱľе㻬
ܵܽʲôѽСָСЩСʡ
šҪȡǰû⣬СȡС͵˵ĸҲ
ѽͽкÿˣеноͺÿˡС˼ſھ˵
һ㶼ԼӵָŮˮƽһˣС磬ô
ܵܣȡĻԣС翴۰ͰͿԼĵܵܣЩõܵʧ򼸸̽ʡ
аɣǲָеССܿصĽ㡣
ҪС룬Ǹ簡Ҫȡһְ֪ܵܵɣ
ҪȻͽмëкö༦ëǵģСļë˼ûиǰϲˡ
ԼëСĵܵˣСǾԼֻôԼǾԶԻ·ˡ
ҪͽСëɡСֱģСѽŽмͲˡ
ѽǵܾܵͽëˡԼȡһ֣Сͦ⡣
ʲôСֵܳ˱ôɲԼĺӽôֵСû취ֻܸСǿ˵Сëëˡ
ҪǱ˲ΪǴëĵܵܣͽëˡСˣǿҵķ
мСǴëëһֵôȡСֻСܻһģǺ⣬СܷԵĻһҲνġ
̲ס²СȡˮƽëҲëֺܵܵòá
ҪͽëСëһֵ˰ɣСһԼĽ飬Լܵȥ̫ˡ
УһһС˵ͷͬˡ
ðɣ⼸ˣһ֮İ嶨
һΪԼеˣһˣԼȴûзȨֻܰص塣
ϽӵĴҪԼúˡѾһӣ޵ĹϵˣԸĳƺˣϽͦãںӵĴҪһӵģԼǲ̫붯ӡ
СּѵĴ𻰣¾ͲǱˣԼϱԼʹ󣬿ĸﻹڣҲܵʡ
õܵܿе󡣡Сúù۲ԼܵܺһС
ţˮ̫ˣͰ͵ôԺ϶᳤ġ
ȻҲòÿСÿŻеġ
ţٿ϶˳ۡ
ҽԺúס죬ųԺؼңСëĵڶýͻؼִִɩæˡ
˼ŸоɿһЩһ·϶ʵʵģټʱ䶼ûϴһ裬ԼԼϺܹζҺѾʮ·ˣȵʱҪȻǲҪ
ò׵ңһ¾ǲԡǱˣˮרŰҩˮֱһЩҪֱӲһˮܼӽȥ
ӵʱ̫̫չˣҲ˯һ
ӳ֮ǰȻ䣬ҾҲǱ˵ģǼＸһֱ˯һģÿԺӷַ˯
Сһܹԣͦģϴֿܾܵͻȥ˯ˣСҪѸ㶨öࡣ
ë᲻ẦѽҪⲻƽʱ˯ĵ㻹ߡ
ãŻġʼݲޱ.JGP
ǣܵҪѽ㲻ž㿴ŵò˵ˡСˣ߾ȹ
֪ԼǲǸңСûѧôֻͼ㽲ԼĴ
˯ˣڻ˵أʲôȥ˯ɡȰ̲ס߶ӰҵܵҪǲͻ˵ˡ
Сͷһ׳һ⣬ǵܵΪʲôԼ˯ôܵһؼҾͲܸ˯ˣ
ˣ̥ͥĸ̬ȶԺǧ⡣
СЦø˵ΪӢ¸ңܵĿǰÿСޣһԼ˯ˡ
ⷬ佱С͵͵֣ȷģ
ûΪᶨصԼͷ
СȻ﹥ҡˣһ£ǵӲӲģģ˯һ¡
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ţ
Һöûϴˣϵζ϶ء
װĵظС˵ԼıӣʮԼӡ
Ȼﶼι̵ζûʲôζСǺΪһճԼĺӣرҪһ㡣
𿴿ɫһҩҲܸ㽲£Ĺ¶еܱܵӺϲġ
ڹֻܿɷˡ
аɡСؿԼǹԹԱˡ
Ѳĸ㶨ˣҲĲ¹ɵһ͸̫̫˵һȥСɣͷһԼ˯ܻẦ¡
Уǵˣһٲġ̫̫ȻԼҵŮ庢ǾͷСԵ̫簮ˣ˭ҲǲһپͺãҲ˵ʲôϾֻԼŲ֪ж಻ףڲͬԺСвͬĻ
ȻˣϾ뻹еԺģԼʲôûɣˣ붼ãԵ֡
ʼӣļͿʼùˣ˺һʱѾʼµɻǱ϶ͷ̨ÿ塢ɱһֻＸ˶úò˲һС٣ǰ̫̫ۻˣҪ֪ҲõĲӵʱü
û뵽ԼҹŮôܼңԶӳζˣôֻɱˡ
ŲܱأԼô࣬ƽʱԵûûζҲˣôʱڼﲻܳţ˳ԵóԵģ˵ˣԼҶ˸СʱԼҲûιˣ¡
Ͻ꺢ʱ䣬ҲһʼؼҵʱϵŽ϶һ𼦵˿Сë涼û¶

 20 

СëӹԹſ޵Сȫ˶һʱСëµӵˣҲܽųˡ
һԼСëι̣͸ϽԼĶֱϴȥһûкúõϴ裬о嶼˺ü࣬Ҫ̫̫ţһո𴲵ʱϴ衣
ϸϸĴһСʱͷҲϴϺü飬žϴɾˣ˺˺ü
ӵ𣬾óԼҵɵζȫݣͷ˰ɾͰ˸ӣ˼ףǰɹ̫ոպãɹģ鶼õúܣȻҪСҪ̣ûɹҪݾ͸ˡ
СëǺĵµǰ콭ֲȡõľͽн̡
ֽֿ˼ڤ룬˺ܶȷѡֻΪСֽнôֵģһǼСﶼѡ˰ֵģϣʱʱðɡ
Ϊߴϰֻеһ̥Ű¾Ƶģʡ˺ܶ顣
̫̫ڽҶס죬ԼҹŮѺӴĻͦõģƽʱϴҲ֧ʹŮģһҲԲţĺҲԼҲﲻʲôæˡ
˵һһ£ǺܵǼģȻִִɩż˵ͦõҲǺܵǵġ
̫̫ҪߣҲ˵ʲôʱ䶼æţû׼ʲôֻøʮǮý԰ͻؼҡ
İײһֱûüգҪˣҲʰʰ֮ǰ˺ö׸׹޹ޣÿˡ
ѡ˸ӽϽȥհײˣ˱ëǣСֻ죬һš
˵طѴӼСϯС̷ڵͷðѼӳɡɡһԣǰոι̵ëڱ˯СԱ߿ֻѲߣղ˻ܰϻֱӸǳԵôؼ鷳˵˼һá
ڼĶ˺ü£ѾȫﵽһԺˮƽСǳţ׷źüСƨŻûҧȥ
ؼرϲ׷źСһˣСŻСǰѲϳŵ棬ǰٻͬʱȶС߶߼УŸƵģܴܲСѡ
͵±жξ룬ٵÿСѸˡ
СֺǺǵĴĴ״ҲöֻʲôˣȻһֱǵһ⡣
ͽհײ˵ʱСԱ߾ŵܵܣһʼʱë˯Żãȵܵ˵ʱͼСʱʱֽܵܵţЦëĲ֪СͦĵģƽĳάֲʮӣëͻῪʼ󺿣ɴײ꣬Ҫ˱ڻȥͣ
ΪСɻ̶϶ģ¢ײ˾ͻһʱ꣬صҲֻܰѲϴɾпţȵڶܽһ
˶ˣҲ˷ʱ䣬ڶһϰѧĶͳţԼһˮһڵˮ΢İײ˷ˮһ̳͸
Ȼó׼ѾɵСףѰײһ㽻ŷŽڣһһЩΣŪãٹѾĿˮˮҪȫûײˣ׿Ĥ׵ĸܷãҸĽžУǰ϶ܳϡ
ҲҪʮ·ˣʱĴ˶ʮ˼ԼȥϼʱȽ⣬ʱϼŴţأȻҲǲġ
ԼһҲ㣬ǰ˵һȥУССȥѧ˸Ŵһš
˼Ծ͸о֮ǰֲ٣˲ٵĸɻȵԼʱ佭ַĺԼԻĵİﻨ͡ǡơ޻ƱݣȰ⼸ƱĶŶ룬ʱȥɻȽ϶ľһЩĢ͸ɻƻ˻к棬𿴵ĶһЩ
ѵһμǿ϶ҪģȻϵƱֻҲǴ˺üµĲܳġ
϶ǲԼôԶһ˲ףýԼǮƱȥ⣬ԼСȥ֮ǰ
ߵӿھͼϴηŷϴˣӦæҶʼ죬⻹ͦõģʱʱľͼи˴Ҵ뿪ȵ߽ʱֻһ꣬Ͽǰѯ:㣬þò⻹ô
ԭ㰡ӡѵôֱʵĿͻеӡġ
϶еĶڼأǸȥȡΪ֮ǰҲϹţ㵹ܻ䡣
аҸȥ鷳ˡҪȥ϶ȥģ϶ǷŻĵطȽȫ
ⲻ˵طһ˼ڵλջĶӾǲһȫĺܣ˵٣˼໹ͦģǹɶв࣬һƻڽͨ㣬ˮǺѵõġ
㣬Щô
ܰҼҵҵĸҶǵλһЩǰµģҪĻȸġ㵹Ǵ󷽣ЩҲǻûؼһЩľ߻ܲʣµģ˭ء
̫ллˡǺƤŵĺô
𲻽⣬˰Ǻɸ㣬ƻ򣬵˵жģҲˣ۸͸һ󣬲򵽾ͲˣǺġ
ǮЦ⣬Ŷô󷽵˻ͦټġ
˶װöպǮҪһţߵԺʱͼиӣмֻɫëţӣһ䣬㣬һӰ
ˣ˵ǸҼҵҵǱ˵سƷֵͦģǳо飬͸Ҳȥʱ˼͵ͷҲ£Ҳû˻һأ
˵ҲеΣǼֻ˭ҪԶûм⣬Լҵ˾ôʵǮûؼˡ
⻰ЩȤܲܿ
üĶ죬ˣ¼С᲻ãֻҲɱֻ˳ɾˡ
㣬ܲܿСӾϲЩ!
У㿴ҪҪʡҲأ⻰ͦ˵ģҪ֪Լûй
ǰϸͦȵģ㣬ӡ
ӣҿ˵ˣСҲ֪ôιЩˮҶӣûôҲ֪ǲˣҪʱ˿ɲܹҡʣ͸æҪ֪ԼǸˣ˵Ļ˵ĺãõʱڡ

 21 

һܵĽ˵еûӦʵûпСﲻԼͻȻ֪òóûѹѹۡ
ֻ˵ëͦ߼ĺ񳤵ò̫һ
ȷʵ⿴ȷʵųӣ̶ԲԲԴŵĶϷëϺϵëȫܻϸֳģָкܺõӣرڻ嶼ǰԲģֱȻˡ
˵˼ǱרųëƷţҲЩһ̾ͷʵԼʲôʱû˶һѵʾſ֡
ǻͦѽֻҶҪ˰ɣǮʣֲеأԭǳëģӦþȫëãҪϸһû׼ԼܳëЩΧë֮ġ
ȻҪĻԼȵСûеֿûֻЩֻֻСɰô˳Сأһٶá
ֻӼҲһ࣬ҲҪаɣһͶ߰ɣʡҵء
̫ллˡͦһԼûĶ
;Լ˰뵱ڶԷҪԼڲ죬ӶҪˡ
Ķ˼ǰĿյϣͼѾǱߵˣԻͬгŵļ˾һ𣬹ƶ궫ڵųġ
ԼﻹСӲȥ˶ԶԶؾְ˳˻ŻȥˣʵҲһСʱѣһȥҶ˲ٶʱ򻹲֪༷ء
㿴ʲô
ױһŵֻСӵݵǰЦʵǲǺܿɰ
ɰûп֪ͦĵģҪؼţ
԰ôˣ𲢲ʲôͬ
ⶫڻֻһӦʮֻɣе㵣Ĺ˶ԼҾͳˡ
ʮֻôࣿЩԾԼĲ㡣
ûϵרųëģʱﲻëΧë£Ҫôֻ˵ëġ̬ôã˵ʱܻ֪ôġ
ʮֻСӻãҪǳˣʱ򡭡ЩڼĳɼѼ޶ģСӻУܲһ̾͸˰ɣ߿ɲӡ
ʱô̧۵ǲܵģѲɻԼϽô
ʱҰԺżӸǼţСҲûСЩ˼ҿҲͲ֪
ģôûԭôҪ֪ԼѾ뵽һֻɱһֻһ˫ɱһ˫ֻֻӣô˵ļƻˡ
ֻû˵ڵĻб˻ȥԼ˵ͦɱģȴ֪Լ˫ƫԲ˿жǰ
ҲֻӣֲֻóȥͶѣԼͰ£ҪôأԼϱֻԼݣʵڲԼʱ취
ֲóȥ򣬸ͶҲûйϵŰɡ
Э͸̧¸ܡ
ô֪Ҳóȥ
֮ǰЩֻ㶼Ӳأ˰ɡôҲһü£ǰԸ˵Լϱ൱ϲģóԵûǲܵġ
Ƶؿ˶Էһ۲˵ͳǰ棬һ·Ͼһķ޷޲ƽСȰȵ²ۣ
˭ǣҪٹʮʮһϡأԼֵġǴȻز˻أ
һĪϱ־Լ޹ģ˵ʵôͲˣȥ壬ֲ֪Ĵˡ
Լ첽ǰʮţʶԼĴ󣻶ʮţذеۣʮѷϡ
ʵ߲ˣԼͣԱĬĬͳԼ¨ĶḺ̫ɵˣԼɹĶûתأͱˣʵʧߣʧߣ
һͣˣæ߼ǰְѶһ·ԼĿҰɣ㱳ǼֻӾС
ʵĻͷһ٣еķ֣Ҫһɡ
ʮĶأɡ
ɵӣԼҲǿǸոû˵ĻҪ˵ģ
֪ԼĴ𣿡
֪
ոô
ûаɣ
УҺóԣҲ߻˵Һó
ˡ
ܷ

·ͲͣԷϴԣҪӵԼڼĵλ
ָоԼ޹ԼϱĲΪǰĲڽⷢѵԼô
ò׵˼ңûз¾ͱ̫̫Źȥι̣׼ô
Сʱˣ̹ʲôá̫̫ǶԼĴŮˣ˭Сһ²һֱߵģܿĵȥϼ
ԼҲЩգʵûô࣬Ҫ̷֪ۻ򲻵ģԼֶ̣ҲǺĺòã
ι̾ʹԼĶֳЩɻýִŰ̫̫ͻȥҪſӣԼ治ôĳš
ѧССһݾͿصطǰļֻСӣСһʱʣʲôѽ
˵СŶûкܿɰ
ţÿС۷ؿİš
ԴӱһֻһŶëëġСȥһë޵
O(_)O~ ġСﱧһֻСһѣëë˲伷Сġ
СҲСıһֻǴëС䣬ﶼ⡣
벻СѽЧܺãն
룡޹Ȼֲסջͬػش
и⡣װһΪѵӡ
ʲôСҲŽ
ǼǲһôදҪС£ֻͲˡ
żС޶죬ôģҲ쿴ţŵľͶһ˵ζûĿġ
ҪôȻһ⻰СͱֳԵĲԸˡ
Сʻ飬Щµģ˲٣ҲˣǡԼˡ
û뵽С˿Ǿͳ˰ɣСӡ
СҲǵͷһͬ
ǾôӦЩûع˵Ѷɱ˳ԵСӵģȷ
ţŲûԵôһûԹأȼ⡢óôС˵Ż¿ˮ
ðɣԼ̫࣬ƽʱôģΪĻ᲻أԼ̫ȫˣͷûʲôĸԭԼһӶǵǶһ⡣

 22 

ڸһ£СԺأ
СشһԥûУԵ
ĲٿǿǣôɰҲԣ
ɰĲóôСɻͷӡ
⡭òóԵģ⣡ٻعͷǰСãǿɰ񻹸ˡ
ðɣСⷽȷʵǲ㰡ԭֻǵëڻ˵ˡ
ΪάԼİ󣬻ССĵֿһջ󣬸ԼϴԣóǺóԵģôãﵽʱܻ᲻óԵ
Ϊʲô᲻ãô˳ԼС桢СˣСС
˵ĺӣôеأ
ͽбӦﲻ֪ôͱĳôһ仰
СԾĿԼⲻʲôûɡ
һСľͰѻͺȥæȣ˵ˣѭȻ򡣡
ðɣ㲻Ҫ˺òãСǰ붮ֻ֪ͣǴЩ˶ʱżõĻ治̫ʲô˼
ֻϿ⣺С˵ĺܶԣԻǿԳԵġ
еܵܣǲҪʲô뵽ԡС¶ͬӡ
ţǸɻģ˼Ϊµģǿңǵţɲ˻ŻԵҲ²˵ҲŻԵġ
ǰԼ˵ģеĳԾͲ죬ǲô˷ѣ֮ǰôΪҪСܵܣԺǾͲҪˣСëҲˣͲҪһֱųˡ
Ůˣ⻰Լôӣ
С磬ԵҲȽϺѽ̣ܽȴôʮ²ųһ⣬ƽʱֻմմһֱųˣ
֪һܵܵʱ򣬾ûгԹ⣬ﻹ̳˵Ϊܵܲûܳϼ̵ģǡС˵˵žҪ޲޵ӡ
״æСѾͷԼԹԣôѽţ
̣кöӶ˵ǲӣŷ˼ңԼ㣬ңҺ͵ܵܳҪҡҾٳԵ⣬͡͡
С绰ſǻ˵ҲĵĶ˵ҲˣҲһЩлԼӷּҺͽ̫̫ļζôҿ֣µֳ֮ǰٲûҪ˵л
Լֲգо仰˵Ůٵһ˵һ˵ĻҴ˵һǲܻ亢ӵģܾˣһɣʲôĬĬСô棬ʲôϣôý˵ͻȻ
ģܻܵŶʾһ£Ա߲״ߣһëһԼҽС
ܵߣСͷǰǿ뻷סԼԹԣôˣС˵ӣ˸ţ
̲ס˭̳̣ô棬СϻѧԼﵱʱü۵ı飬ȻŬСŬϽͷƵģһ
ԭô˻ᰲο˳ӵͻȻĵС綼ûа취ղŵķΧĬĬؿСԼıݣȻĻصǰλãϤӼԼϷĶ
ôˣСֿŰˡ
û¡ͬʱĬҡҡͷ
С磬˼˵ĻԼ˽Ĳ²⣬㲻Ҫ˼룬Щǵ飬ֻҪĳͺˡǿаѸոյĻΧƻҲö˵ʲôֻܲݲݽ
СҲǱŲ˼ĵͷ侲ˡ
СӦҲǶϽҵʱļ䣬żŶӣҪЩС
ַּ֮ҡӡֵء졢СһһûͣԼҲǵһεʲôҲûϣ˼еС粻֪ʲôʱΪл˼
ο޳ӦҲͺˣϾСӳΪֵֵľٶСͳͺ֡
СĻһģҲ˸ѣԼǱʶóԵı֮ǰ磬ô˵أԼǮʣסҾ֮ĻѾǳԵģһԼȥϹû˳Եãĺܡ
Сո˵ĶԣģžȲˡһʼĻͷм˻
ҾͲҪˡһȫûŪʲôСһ⻰Ȥ˲ôɰָôãȻܳԣһӾСû塣
ôأɻһ˵飬ô̬ȲϽһԼ֪ܲʵֵڵܳԵǿԳëѽʱһëӣôëëܰ˶ȥ
ԼһʼҲȻڼëŵġ
ôСëоУǿҲǲԡ
ǿ϶еģСϾҲûûʲôô
ȻˣҲҪŬС
ôŬĺӻϼ޻Ĵ˸ˡ
óԺúȵǣСˣҲëñȽϿ죬ıӾСŴûиŵ
ʲôʱУСɲûȷʱһףǺԼС˼ġ
СѧǰɡССѧϣɰɣֻôֹ۵ˡʵڲеʱøë߱Ūˡ
аɡСѾѧˣԼӦҲõ̫á
ԺСӾͽͽչˡСؼҾιιӣɨɨӣԼҲͦࡣ
ϸոհСë˯ţոոԼͷͿԭӦС˯ˣĵؽ˷ëС߿˯ŵı
ôˣС˯ˣѽѽֻ¿ˣǻǷţüԼҪΪ֮Ƿ͹ϵˡ
ţո˯ˣôˣ־ڴ߿˿С˯СӣֿԼվڲԶԸŲϱе֡
û£ǺǡЦϽߵβϴɵλá
߬űԼƽôµʱ䣬Ҫ㲻ˣ
ں˼룬ͼԭŵվϵ£ֻ·ҪƱӡ
һžʶýŵסӲĸߣ˭֪΢ֲڴų¶ȵ־ôץסԼĽף̧ڰգΪ˯±ȽϿɣĿܻϥ¶˰Сȣ΢ƵĹº۾ôסĿ⡣
ŵĿһĵ˭֪ôķΧ£Ǹ˾ôذѿãȻĽźãֻڱ¡
һͨŪһ㶣רŹҸǱӵô

 23 

֣ˡȻվһ˵ŻȴԼȸűӱ¡
ûʲôˣĬĬ²ۣٴβĵųķߣ㲻ȥô
ץֵĽ˳ϵϣԽԽĳ˸࣬ôҲϰ߿Լ˯ˡ
˶ѾɶˣӾͰҶ
ֻԼԼϾþã׼ˣԷҲֻĵذæǺñӣ˯˶ʵʵŸԼһƵľ룬׼ˬˣŲԼüļҲ˵
תͷͿͷԼҲ˵ʱ۾Ǻڰ׷ˮģ׾͹ԼģɴתһֽͷѹԼһֻֽ§ͷסĴ
ͻĶŵˣʶץŶԷֱۣܸܵȵıϢеĸйٶڴϣЩֳϵ
ֻǿƵķ촽룬ֻû뵽Ĵ΢ʱҧסԼ촽̲סֺס˵촽ҧֱԽزǿֿ
ǿŲȥ۾ͷĲƽ
ǲŻعܲʱ˵ߣסٸ߸ߣͻȻƵһ䣬ҲˣҲˣԡô
ʲôﻹŲƽĴϢʶػֻǻʵһ˶٣ʵָ̫ˣԭһЩ۾ոƽĺʼء
Լ͸оˣ΢ڵ̧һ£͸оѾƴԵԼĴڸС
ԭҪ𴲸Сι̣ŲǰһֱصǾʻֻеԸ˼ϵľжϵİһЩѵ
Ȼ󡭡Ȼǵڶ磬ջ˻ʹ֪˲ڴϺ޵.˵ĴȻڻ컹ܲľ鶼ƭ˵ġ
ʶʱ򣬻ûСϿûëŵһ鳹ѹһ˶ûУֻܴӴ͸ĹߴжϳѾ
æ´Ųµؾˣ۵ģҪԼǱŰˡ
Ŵ߻˻߶ֻǲһ̲סϥҪϴû룬뿴ԼǲˣҧгݵŲſڣſֱëվԺӵɹ̫СǵĲԶض
ǰܰĻʱʹ͸ոۼĲҲ˿Ц⡣
ֻҪ̧ſżһ̣ٴΪԼǰһΪеֺڡ
СԭȥرȻһתͿڷſڿĵķɱȥһסȣ
һϥһЩأҺԱ߻Űѷţ˻Ӱôʲô
ϵȥŸһţֿˣҽر㡣
СôѽѵżԼСɰš
ʱҲ߹Ϳѻ˯ŵСͻطűǾסһѴᱧ
!
!
˶Ķһ˫ֽסĲӣһվļͷһ£Сĵ!
ԼԼ֮ǰλֻ±ۺƣӰԼ
û£ֲأô
ֲزص⣬ǵģ
תͷԼֻǿֱ۵ķΧ΢ɿ˻Ǹţ֡
ҲҪСһûԼͿʼˢڸС
֣ﲻҪŵ,ȥܵȥ
⻰СԼɫûôǿ˻ܷȥˡ
Լüû˵־ͰѶӴˣŷ˶̫ˣԼǰĲԾסԼĺܸоԼȥˣԾеŤͲ˼˭֪ʱĴǣòױôʱһôƹԼոյΪԼеЦ
ֿЦ˵ҲСƵİЦ֣ܸоԼŪ뷨ֻҪͺܿġ
ϴú󣬾ܾ˽ٴαΪԼ̵ߵԣС˶һ˳
ڵԷʱ־Ա߿ţ񻹺ӣܾöԷڴԼ¿ڣ͵ԼԺ÷ҲҪˡ
ųڷͻȻԼþûиëιˣֲһԼܾﲻԾæվҪݿ
ԼϱͻȻסֵôˣ
˦û˦ż˵Һþûιˡ
һ뵽̲סھΣҶˡ
ַֻļλãû£ιˣúóԷ
ιˣôιҶûӡ󡣡
ұιġϾСʱҪιһΣôʱ˯ȥģɲչô
ȷʵѾιŷԼһʱƿֻ뵽˰ι̵龰Щ˼̧ۿֵͷȥ
￴Լϱϵı飬ĺߵĶ̶̼ﲻͣת˺üΡ
֪ôģͻȻۼ۾ʱطЩģһſԶЩ۾Ǳ־ͿʼʶĵĻҲϴŵǻֻһֱ§ڻԼϱ⸱Сӻճ˵ʵġ
ҲǣôԼ͸е㡣
ԵһʵܲһֱԼȵߣԼְ۾סˣ̫㡣
ƵҲûʲôĶְָֻס£֮һֱôţһֱԼ־۷Ҳôһֱš
Լ˼ذ˻ȥ
극ȥϴ룬Լ̫ط俴СС͸еۡ
϶ǵĴǰ˯ʹ!
С۾ˣ㲻Ӧ֪ôࡣ
Ӧú˯ë͵һ˯ԼﲻԼȷġ
ûУչ˵ܵ˯ãЩ˶ѣûϵ
ģ
ȥȥ
𲢲Լӹ⣬ֻܴȥиӼĽˡ
СֻԼ˯ëʱԼϵ״
һˣ֪ԼϺۼƻԣû뵽ôأؿڶϺۣҧ˵Ƥӡ
ްɣһԼģЩᡣ

 24 

Լһ٣ԼòΪԱһ磬ȵԽֵʱѾҸоָ
ϵ˯ʱ䣬СԼСͷƨƨߵܵķҽҪ˯
УܵһҪΣҪǰҹ㣬ҿûпպ㡣
˵Լ˯ãôСˣɲϺëٺ屻ëѵСҸֹϵ˸һķչҲһСľСӿٶ˵ĳ档
СоĴ˵Ҳܺ͵˯˯Ҫˡ
ˣС⻰Щֲѧʱǵ
ûУܵϹ˵ʱչëЩۡ
Żû˯ڿԼСȭͷëСָС:ĺ,˵Ҫʼ
ˣҰչ˵ܵܺˡСԸµŷֵ
ˣѾϢˣ˵ëϻҪιأԹԹ˺Լͺܿˡ
ǡСЩɡ
æأİɡĵСоԼĶҪˡ
ҲҪ̣һԵ˶ԻСʼįļ뻰⣬ι̶ʱͶëĿȤ
ǺǣŮģӾ֪˵ʲôˣ˵õҵģָԼ˸⣬רΪİɡ
û취뷨ֶԼޣֻҧЦĵȰ㶼ô󣬲ҪܵԵˣ㻹˵ʱҲǺ̵ġ
ûкȹë춼ԺȡСûԼôСʱļ䡣
ܵܣĺȹ̵ģʱ̺٣㾭ҪСԼǼ̵ܵܺģҲŽͣ⻹粻˵ء
СһͣСѹˣۿϾˮģһգ۾Ͽ޳ôͿԼ
šһмֱɱﵣܾĻ˵ˡ
ŮծΪ˰ССֻԼĬĬıܿǵС̣ڵҲͦģصذ̸ȡ
һžͼղίȦСС۰Ͱ͵ؿԼ
ʲô̡
ЩۣûȫԼּټؿڸձ̣ãĺòá
СȥյСܵߣͷЦ˻Сֶ룬ཹཱུĺڣҰͣ۾һϲģ
СղžЩԱ߿ţܵܵҲЩҪԵӡ
С㣬ֿԼҵֺһСڣݸ
㣬㡣
СһСڣСĵٵݸԼСһﻹͦ÷ġ
ĳеСӴߣεԼıӣˣԼȰɡ
ܺúȵģСһкóԺģһ̬
ȣ֪ԼȾС
ԼȫûҪһڵӣСҲǿ߸˵ĸ㵽СϷȥˣԼСΪ϶ȱȡ
ȫ̶ԻƵƮϣȹˡ
ȡôڡ⻰ò㱻ԼĿˮǺǲϰڴ֮λĻ⣬տʼ٣Ҳȶȡ
ֻܰĿطںϣԼ
𿴵ԷޱӣֻжһЩȣԼҲ֪˵ʲôˣϾº˼ӦԼ
컹ҪСôһС뻹Щδ
Уһ⻰;ܾ
Լؿڣֲţ˵ҪҾиô
ôˣȥ˯˵С˵ʲôԼֵסǵʱڵĻԼ
ۿĥĥͦãֽ׶λֻ޺СëˣýСͻظԷﰲٺá
С˵컹Ҫ̣ȻѾܾȷʵԼСʱ˼Ҳÿ춼СӶţ̺ȵģⲻȥԼܿԼĺӣţô
ţ⸽ӦþֻˮţţҲû˵ܱ߼
רŲ̵ţҲȷǲܸСȣҲԣţӦÿ԰ɣ
Ӧаɣ
Уֻɽ򣬶ҪԼҲ̫ɡ˵ʵǲԼϱô۵ģֻܲĵͷ
ӦûðɣСҪôҾֻӦþ͹ȵİɣԼӦССҪġ
㲻ôżС͸ˡ
˵СȵȽϺãղҲС˵ССʱû϶ĸ飬ҪҲڿͦˣ˭֪Ժ᲻Ӱ߻ġ
ľС϶пֵܳⶼȻʼǰȡ
˵ĴҲм򳡵ģҵʱȥʣܲÿȥ򼸽̣˰ɣ
һֱ߶߶ǲģֻȰ˰Լ취ȥ㶨ȻԼôӶûôСģϱĻǣԼҲͰġ
ôҪǵá
ţġ
ֱ˵ŻϾͰԼһۣͷסĴ˸ǡ
ԭҪ˵Ļôˣعʱһ
뵽һԼϵʹΪҪԴ󷢣ŵÿʼƾſҪ˯ˡ
˯ʱһֱҪŲſϺú˯Ծô˯ɡ뵽˯ʱճ˵С
֪Լ˯ͦûаȫеģǰʱ䶼ǱС˯ģСë󣬻˯СʱһΣҲûڵĻᣬû뵽̫ԭα¶ˣŷʲôˣҲͲƹˤذִϡ
˴˵ƽ˲ʲôʱ򶼺ܵӣΪֹˮأû뵽ʵԼ߶ٵһ˸ܵŵ
еԷ˿̵ı飬̧ͷֻܿԼĲͼ°ͣȻ߾ͱ¹ĺסʱҲ㶯ôǰ
˯ǰֿе㿹ܵӣΪǱŵԼҲʲôģ˭֪ԼϱǻϽ͵ĺ֡
û׷Źһ̧ҧ촽ǿĿǻ
һͷһʱ׼һֽһַĺԣʮӣŰͷѹԼٹˣϽ˯
ƽԼĺǲΪԼϢҲκζôĴϢ˯˹ȥ

 25 

˲Ӿ˯ˣ˶°ͻļϣֻҲϣǳǳĺͺڶ࣬һһֱֱ굽ȥ
ԶһЩ˭֪ո˶֪ʲôƵģӲ˲Ķ촽޵ĲһŪĿһ־ٴ̽뽫˰Լ⻬ĴУа֡
ֻǻиһĶС϶Ӻߺһʱ˲㱻ͷԾѹֻͷˣ廹ܳʵ
ֻܹԼϱ˻Ĵ˯Ŷֻ֣ĬԼϤĵľͼԼ侲
ֻСëûи̫ʱ䣬Ѿͣζǰǰ׼ˡ
ֻܰԼһıԼϱԼӣǮȦСȻϰ뱧ڻ⿪ι̣ڼ仹ҪԼ񣬲Ͽ
ͬÿСʱҪظһΣֵһϹúܼ尾ҲᵽĲףԼŲҪչ˺ӣͺԸо񲻼ãȻҲȫΪӡ
Ѿһ¶״ҳӺû˰æҲչ˺ӣԼСС̬ȶһĿκγӣҪԼŪûѣôۡ
ڶʱرȣҪ֪ӳ֮һ㶯Լᾪѵģǰһ컹˵Լ̫ûѣûʲôԼҲû;ѹΪ֪չʶ;úܰġ
ǰĥ˺һֱĽ֡գĬͶƲס˸ѹ
磡ҾȻһ϶ûѣ
ԼǾˣֻջһĿ쳣˵ˣоԼǴرζðŻģľĺܣ֮ǰþû綼ǺúõһģŶ϶һ⸱ˣ
ЩǲǱˣ֮ǰҲһӶѣôηô
ôˣֱֱĿԼҲ˵еˡ
û£𴲰ɡһֱֻסԼ۾һƽԼ
Ȼ״̬̫ãͬ־ճϰȥˡ
СѧУѾĩֻȹɼʽż١
ԭ븨һԼŮģֻԭΪһСѧҵʮѧǱҵûˣֿԼС鿴ʱֵ䡣
Ĳ֪ҪôԼҺӣСԺҪѧģѵȫô
ýСǰһʱ֪ѵ˻ϿΣƺСѧɡ
ӶڼңȥιʳΪͦ䣬ĿǰҪιˮģȽ鷳
ΪڻСǻǺעСӱµģӹԭļһ£ϲٸĵݣᡣ
ľģṹ²ϵͣӾסϲ㣬Сʱͻ䵽ǲȥҲʡ²ÿɨ
ϲĶǿŵģûеιʳϾһҪι٣Ҳû۲ιˣЩ˻ҪкСƬιǡ
ССǶιܸȤСιʱ򻹹̧֣ǼֻСԣ˵ιʵࡣ
ͱСëԱ߿ţСͦ˷ܵҿͣﻹѽѽ£ЦǺǵһˮҲ֪׿ûС
СڱȸûؼʱŽ٣Ӧаصӣ֮ǰѱȽϵͣǻԼĳȻûȳȥᣬͱֻ׶죬ɵĽֺĲ˵ǽȥˡ
¸ӼᶨԶģϾ֮䲢ܺƽ
ðɣǽڣΪ˸İһЩԵһãζ㣬ҵİοԼɡ
罭ֵҵʱ֮ǰһЩıŪһЩ̣ӡ
ѽ!ͦ˵ĲԼͦõģҲԼӻ
԰ζͦصģȷСܺȵ£ָСദҲ֪һЩӵϲãС绹ãСǴζģЩζĶϲԡ
ãԺͲҪˡҲǿ˵ȵͦõģʵڲȣԵĲӪҲУȻϺˡ
̻ģϽ˵ȵڣŰѹ˵һԷӣ飬Ūã߷˼ź棬ѹѹζò
ССûʲô飬˯ССֻ֣ؼҺ󣬾ͱСëѧϰˡ
ո߽ʱС۾ģСëι̵ʱͳҪȣǸܻЩרŸ̻ոսֽʱʹˣȷвٸԼ̡
ԺôСȲġ
ţģСġ
˶һ룬ɫϻź棬ͦúȵģոԼһڣζڵģе㷴θһϲȡ
Сǳ˿ź棬黹ͦ˵ģëǿ㶼϶ˣͿʱֻô᷿ιȥˡ
ڵʱС۾վϻûɵۣСԱ߱вҵӡ
һСλǰ汻򷭵룬ǵ̣ʹŲµʲôȻСҲ֪Լʱܳ
Сһܵߣָָ֣ܵܣɫÿҲҳֻܰСǱȥ
ɲںӵСʱȥΪСԣеҪһʱҪȻһС¾͸ѽֻðСݡ
Сݾһֱһûгתߣϲܲ˾ʹñڳŲģûԶĶž
С޵ôҲûʲôܹңЩɳƵĿſʼСžֻһҭҭ
޹ˣǲſڣﲻһ
ߣСͦʱ򻹸ӲͷƤǺ
Լдû
Сûд𻰣ֺҲżȫһûС
ȵĽֲܴȥֻһֲ飬ԼӶ֪㣬һС̫ǿͲܺúϸô
˵˵ղŶʲôʷִ
˵Сһֱ˵˸

 26 

ǡһҲúȡ
СԽ˵ԽС
ʲôּ˵һԼ£Լʲôط
ССĨ˰ԼС
һֱ˵֪ԼĲôΪʲôô
СͷҲԼΪԼҲȣҪȣһֱҺȵġ
ǾҵĴˣ˭캰Ҫȵģֿ⻹ܲӾ;һ
ƭӣζһһСͿʼ߷߲ƽ
Ȼ֪һԼȴô˵,Сʲôһ
ģǸڸУ϶Ծ¶һѾı顣
һĺ㲻ǳԵͦ㣿ǾԼ̫飬Ҫ֪Ů˵ġ
ǳġСͣΪ˵
ֿԼǷͦ붯ֵģдûаĺӣһܽܶ⣬ܳСļԡ
ֻԼϱЦֱ׵ӣܾԼ֣ڶʡ£ϱǾҪѹˣֻܰסԼĻóĸС
ϲͿ˷ѣ˭ġӦÿСÿʱøСڵһһؼĹǰʱҲյʱҲһԿţôһΪһʳ࣬ɸˬˬһȥһһĻؼҡ
̫ˣҪ̣صȥģ㻹ˣ

СǰһԼҲͦ˼ģʵҲ֪ԼˣֻǹŲӲԸϰˣԼŭҲܺ£û뵽һתҪֵ˻ԼǰǺܸжģϾ˴ﱻ໽еС
˭Ϊʲô˵Ϻþúþãڼôʱ˵ϵĻ࣬վȶ˻û˵꣬Ҷͣٵģ廰ϸѡ
͵𶼿ҪЦˣǰֺΪܻ̲סأϾһֳ˵දֵû뵽߶ôá
ȿȣӦòϹ˰ɣʱӦòˣ˵ȥҪװ׹ȥˡ
ݽֲͣ»ͷһʼҲӲͷƤڸʵʵӽСģֻ˵˵Լ˾ʼϵرеûķܳЩϵĶ˵һͨʱʱСһ䣬õ׼ȷĻӦ󣬲ȶٶ˵²ؽԼЩԾ
ţ֮ǰ˵ʱѼĵһЩô¾͹ȥֿ鶼ָһӡ
Сվ˶ӣǺڣǱһٶ־ݲкöˣһֱϲ֣ڿԼѵϣ
ֻǰԼǰֻһǰֲҵӡ
⸸˵ദЩЦӦʱֻܱס˵£ڲӿЩˣʱ򶥶ͷС㣬Сˣ͸ȥͶܷô
ãСֵúܻӡ
ֵʰŵĶȥϽкСԼߣ°ɣ˰ɣһ࣬һʰö͸ųš
֪ˡʵСҲ֪Լ˵ģڳܷ̬ͦ
ȻԼбҪ˵ģ
̻˺ôأҪԼ͸˵ϲŪǲǻ᲻ģ
ҲͶġոձԼ׵аĽСһȻı顣
ȻڲԱߣô˵ǲǲ̫ã
Ϊʲô
Ҳû͹Ҷ
ðɣ߼ĺ
ֻǰټûʲôͲ˵ˣСÿ춼иȥദôоûм˵ĸ顣
ͼСӺʱ仹㾤ҵҵĸ
̲ǵŪģ
˵ȥģһرѺȡСˡ
㴩·Եʳס˯Ĵ׬ǮĽġ
ȥô·أСɲţԼԼæġ
ģڼǮ
ǰ׬ģ
ϧɵĻ׬ôǮȻǰҲãֲô˵
㣬ǰûлǰΪʲôЩ
˵ͻȻʶѽôԶˣ
˼ǣô˵Ҳѽ㲻˷ѱ˶⡣
ҵ⡣
Ƕ죬㲻ǸӦ˷ѡ
šðɣ֪ˣ˵Ǻҵģ԰ɣ˵ôĺûСЩ˼ˡ
˵Ҳʵ⻹ǸӸҲһЩ
ǡôãҲҪ˵ûУղűվôõĽأ
㿴˵ô໰ﶼûô໰˵أ
ҵֱ۵ˣ˵ָղŻôܣƽʱ˵ŵôͦء
СһҪ˵ӣôĹİɲҪ
аɣаɣúԼŬúˣ޾Ǿ
ʰöҪڽСһš
һҪСϼˣˣ
ʱԼ˵Ӱ
֮СͽֵĸͻͽķչΪԼӣ΢СѾյֹģǼָֻǰ໰ٵӣҲ֮ǰô̬衣
һææĿҪˣҲ׷ʱ򣬹ȥûּҵĶʱϽ˿ڶ࣬һСӴҶǺܻϹֲͣÿ궼ֵʳǮԭûմֵ֣𵱼ͦܡ
ֻڼﶼǸɲ˻СӣҲǲģǿһŬ뻹е㲻˼
⻹ֵĿĳʳ˿ֵģǿŹȥģͿܻˡ
ҺýӻǳԵٵʱҪȻǹǺ
ôĻСӻܹԼԵˣͷˣǽһﻹҪģŸ£ֻ˲㹻ĿԼһ쵽ʮǮ档
һʮԼȥǮһ
ö˼ҶǹȫϣֵĿһ˳ԱҪǮȥ
ô⹤ǲܹԼڼҰ׳԰׺ȲϹ
ҪһֱȵСʮܳܳ͵ʱ򣬹ԼҾҪ˼һҪǮȥʳˡ
ĻŻţüӭ꣬Ȼٹġ߾Ϳʼãںӳ֮ǰԼӦҵϹҲ׬Ǯǵĵ·ɣôŲôǸ롣
Լˣȥȥڽ˿ûзԼǰʲô̫ģԻԵΪĿˣȻҲʼмƻͷΣˣȻûижҲһõĿˡ

 27 

ڴֿǰСĩɼҲĿǰѧţǰʮ֣ڰϻǰӡ
ֻȷʵôӽԴҲһ㣬ҪȻһֿ϶ǺüĲˣʮֻǰĽúºӳѽ
״̬һСľͺ˼롣
ʱҪֿӶǰ˭ҹֶȷ֣ȻһһţȷֵĻ϶ͶĴͥԼ٣ȻҲں棬ҪŻֵҲͲż
ʳǴ£˾ûŵԼҲǰɹ֣СС˶еҲһȥʹҴһˡ
ɹһҼҵģСһػصʳ϶ǿĺЦһߵŵҲǴЦһһġ
ССŴҶǸ߸˵ģǰɽһ٣ȵÿļˣʱʱܻؼʲôʱŻᵽԼңѼ׼װʳ𶼰Ժ͵Լһ¾óһ˼һһѶؼҰȫװ
ڰë˯֮󻹸Сȥ˿˭֪պÿֵϽҵĿ˼ҷһ߸˵ģΨ̫̫Լʳǰ磬ⲻ԰ɣҼصʳôôࡣ
ֲǲ֪ⲻǷּˣǹ˿ڻ˺üأ
ǹôҲô!ǿԤֻǽ̫̫ҲͱôͶѣ־һء
ֻҲ룬ԭҪ󲿷ּ񣬻ҪһĹ˵ȻͿ²ܣúϹҲˣ
ڽɩϰ칤æȢ֪ϱ붼֪Ļ϶ǰﲻʲôæģ˻ʹɲš
ɲԼҲͷܣӪ֪ʲôԭӣɲǹô
⻰˵ãǷֲϾôô֪Լ˵ɶǰϹǷֵġ
̫ҲҶֻ۵úһСֹţϴȺûĵģλ֪ҪǼҶʳ
⻰ȫûһ˵ӰԶԶرܿˣȥŽ̫̫ӰԼĺ顣
ֵʱѾûм˼ҵˣϾ˶һӾͶ׬֣ǷּҲǼס·ֿסֻзּҷֵôɾģ⹤ĿȻŵĺܿ
֮ǰڼʱѾԼ˺üˣǸɴİԼƻҪʳĹȥʣµĹֻõʮëǮ
Χ˿ۺˣỰûһӶӿð
ϱôȫʳ
ǷּҶõǮôֻǮӡ
ǰǵǮ򵽶٣
˼ҵҹӾˣĹԺ󣿡
ÿʱͺûסŻ಻кѽʱ˼ҲùЩء
˵ǵģԼ͵ûˣһȺ˜һǱߴߴеûš
ѾˣٻܽϴƳ˾ͰѶȫ˻ؼ
ôʳһСַ￴Ǻܿɹ۵ģСôԵĵһͷǣǲóԵˣ
Ҫ֪֮ǰΪ˽ϧʳѾþûЩСʳˣǵͳԷûˡ
֮ǰʱʱиСӡС㵱Сĺܡ
ոսʳҲҪУóԵǿģͽҪæС
ã
Ȼ˵ҪԵģϾصһĺ춹ڶһʱͿʼɳˡ
Ȱѹˮ춹տתССĵزͣ裬ʱʱļһЩǣˮɢĲͿԳ
֮ǰﲻϹ϶ˣֻժؼţʱʱϴϹ൱ͣҲûгԵ٣һЩɳڵϹϱҲ
ϹȥƤƬϹ죬͸ϹϼŴ׷һϣš
ȵСϹϵζʱŰѵɫϹѹɱ״
ʲôܳôССƨһһܵСԣѾѹõʿˮ
ûأأС·룬Լõģ֪С϶Ҳˡ
ȥëˡ
ôȥܵѽ
㣡ҶǵûеܵˡС˳ӣ۾ϵźͶɳš
аɣëҲˣˮҪųҲٶӿϵٶȡ
ȥѽйһ֣ܿˡ
һСڼҶදֵģѧһЩܹԼ
СϴɾǰԼʾһһģװһС׶ɳı߱ڣĴԲȻһģѹСӾͿˡ
ô
Сˢˢͷ
Сһ㣬ò¶Ŷ
˵ô˵©ҲνԵҲСԼ
ССԼ֣ͿʼһȹͼȱС嵽ƣŵܳԵ࣬ĺܳɹˡ
СٱȽ󲿷ֶģССģι״¶ڵļӣҲһʱԼƷˡ
òó֪ÿͲš
Сֶ϶˺üСʳ֮ӭĴҹ
һͿʼѰ˼׼ĥ죬Ȼĥǽ֣ȥҲǽ֡
ԼСӾͲҪôѪȵĳ棬δҽڽ׼ǰͱëСС絽ժˣȻصصϪϴ˲˻ˮʱ˲Żȥ
ԺͿһֻѾëĴ׶ֱͦͦǵĵڿ׼ظƶǡ
ۣ׳׳Сˡ
ǿɲһֻȥëҲ߰˽ȳļɴˡ
һֻأ
ˣûɱ
ǴôأʣԼö຦ѽССƵ̾˿ƵĿԼ
Ըɴһ˸ɾôСĵĻ̲סǡ
ܵܣһֻôˣֳֻԲ꣬˷ѵġСһʵģСϲԣ˵Ҫɱ˳Եʱ˭˷ܣºȴˡ
ʣһֻô죿ȻСĻСĴ𰸡
أ
ҾúӦһ𡣡
İɣǻһ·ġѹҲûš
Сǰİװ׵Ķִ˴üͷһ£һֵҪ
ڿԴֻȥô
ڡˣԼСʲô
ѽ㲻˵ЩදźóôڽҶǰද
㣬ȥȥɡ
ʱ뵽һ㣬ԽԼҶˡ

 28 

СҪʣֻȥ, ʣΪ쵽Ĵ׼
µӣҲֻܸװϹϱ, СԼϱǣŶȥˡ
ʹС˳Ѽƽʱעⲻı߽߱ǽҲɨһ顣
ʱиСףЩʲô򿪸һ˱ǵζϮ˵ĽҺԾطڡ
֮ǰƵһ, Ϊؽһļȱˣͦٳ˵, Ҳһֱûӡ
ҹҪ˵ҪϾ⣬ÿһˡ
øɾĿ̳һ˵, ٰѸԭǻأʿˮƵʽͣоԼ涼, ݲɨ³, Ϸ, Ҳϡ
Ȱг˿, 쿳룬һ, սҲ, ϰֻ㹻ˡ
ɿ飬ˮ̳ȣ, ´нⱬζٰ̺õĶ⵹зʮӣˮСʱ˼ϰСʱͿԳˡ
˶ˣʢһС׼һǱˮϾƣСȥСһСŽֵȥݣǷףÿʮһҪ϶ȥϹ㡢űڣһ꣬ԼҲʽ
Сʱ򣬴ŵϹϱˣֻűֽСûӻúõķڿڴ³ۻ˼Ǧд֡
ͦȵģ˵С׼ֽʵʱҲԼҶӱˣСƽʱûһԼֶдأСдģ
ѽСдġСͷϴոճȥŪ̫ػش
ѾúװӾ͵СһȥãҲٶʣСС·ϵĻңȳȥˡ
һСʱҲܻؼʱʱͿֳ˼Сˣٰںþ͵˻ܳˣë˴СתƵ
ȽִСҵʱ򣬻£ǰȥӹӣĶóװһˣٷһƿƣȻݸ֣ԼȥϽҹҹȥ
װˣŵȥɡ
ֶûзӳոߵֻصԼϣ̧ͷԼϱ̫˼Լȥ
С֣ͷȻȻˣҹ϶ҪһѽֻҺһͳܣͲҪôҲˣССԷҪҿŵأֻԼȥˡ
ҹԼȷʵҲȥ¶棬ֻܵͷ˵ҹһͻ
ܲϱͺعꡣ
ȻźӲôģϾ׶ӣڿνԼ湤ӦģҪպ˼ô죿
𰡣Ҳþûȥˣ˵˵ǼֵҲ졣
Сŵζˣ˻ĥĥ˵ЩȲ˼϶Լӻ֣ټ
С״ҲŽ֣ȫһ͵ĳ£ͻȻӦֻԼһ˶ѡ
Ͻң̫̫һźü˺;ƣϺÿ٣ϴҵģôСëһ˾͸ԲԲġ
ǵģ̫еһûС硣
ɩҲչǰҪæ棬ɩҲ֪æ
λǵѵĿ
Լһ˹鱾ͲôЩˣŤͷҪ˵ɲžԲɩ˵ʲô绹صش˳ԵĹأǶɣпڸˡ
ɲǰŽֵλ£ֽˣ磬ɣѵù꣬ǼҪúúȼ
̫̫ͽɩû˵ʲôģҲˣҲҹŪôҲġ
ѵüӶúõߣϵ鲻ϻ˼ƣʱʱ߶ֵ֮úûģŬϽúң֮һЩҳ
ͽɲҲ˵һЩСʱֵܼ˵Ȥ£Χ㲻
ԹɩͽɲŵϱԻݼʰȥˣϵЩּ˰ط˯ˡ
ּҲûԼʲôҪؼңͱ̫̫˵û̫̫ȵͷĨĨ۾
ϴҲ֪ڼûʲô룬ǰĽӶǹýͰ͵ģ˵껹ûнֿʱ򣬻ϲǮۿżԽԽѹôȥҪԲϱˡ
ֿԼͣҪԼǰĨҲЩζ
ֻ۾ϸ˿ͷֻֽ̫̫װģȦ춼ûһ£ۿҲûᡣ
ʱڼչϲװ޸ɺë۳㾭˿ʶȹ۲췴Ӧ٣Ҫǰ治ȥעЩС⡣
һװͷոðǵ㲻ζ˲ջˡ
̫ûʲôӦһ£ϴͲһˣǸбµģ㿴ⲻŻֵܷʮˣ⻹ϱûϹΣҪϱҲϹ϶ֹô㣬Ǵ磬ӣӦҲԸ⿴ŵ͵ܵǳԿɣ
־ԼʵڲöԼﱧʲôϣܸɴؾܾͣҲǮ
̫һ£æ˵ҲҪǮԼֵܣҪԺϢˣǻᲹġ
̫Ȱ
ҹϵò״﹤·ӣרſ˾ѧͽֻҪٿѧѣѧῪ֮ܵϳʱҲһ¶ʮأڰͷˣʽ˾ʮ⣬Ǹûᡣ
˵ƽϣҲɵ˵ԼʮǮҲˣ̫̫ţʵǲô̫̫Ҫһֱȥġ
Ǯô
̫̫Ǯ϶ǹģֻ˵õʮǮϽʱֻģһ뵽ǮԭӦýԼڴģϽɲ¸պҪϲǮԽԽģǮŪԼ
ҹʶòŵʱͦ˵ģҲܸӴƣ̫̫ش⡣
ϴǲҵֵô
ɲż̫˵ˣֻɿҲȰ˵С
Ҫˣߣ˵Ǯ磡ܵܿ㿴ųģҲϣгϢɣһỹġ
ֿһԼҰǮܣڿһߴǷϷĶܣĲ׺úõĴҹԼΪʲôô벻Ҫ
ûɣҾͲˣȸ˵һ
һô˵̫̫Ӷˣֱһʺһ㣬ھ͵׸
Ժ£Ǳ𿪿ˣ͵ɲˣϵҡ
˵Ҳ̫̫ķӦھصϱӵļȥ
С硢Сë˵ǹͦĵģСëҲ˯ʹС˷죬ŷķʱʱѽѽĽţСֵģҵע
СԷҲʵʵڵϣϲץſܵëĴ߳ԣëʳζżͿġ
СͿСëúȻԱ߰ţһոյĳظһ顣
ҺСëޣϲٺһͺãҪȻҪͷˡ
ֵҵʱСѾܵͷϸǺܸ˵ܹȥһ˫͵С־ͺĿϣ
ǰһﻹŵͱССɤŸûˣҲͺСֺСְСһﱧһ¡
ۣСһǰδеĸ߶˷ܵõ˵ŽţΡ
СҲЩĽĿţ͵ܵܵĻ״СıҲǰһȥ
֣עְСͦĲĴѵõĻֻǻе㲻̫ģⲻ˶˵һ䡣
ֳЦЦģԼעء
Լǰһ˹ֵľЩ㱡
֪ôľ뵽Լǰ꣬ԵĺȵҪʢ࣬ϧֻԼһˡ
ʱᵽϿű˵֣ߵȺװԼҲеһԱ
ʱʱԼûߵķݣƮҪκҲκҪܸоһǣԼߡ

 29 

һȻָССһͦĵ, ǾöԷ̫ԣ֪ôݣȻϻǴЦ, ۾ĹⲻƽʱصҸеӡ
ȰѺӶ˯£ʣڴҹʱʱԼ
ôˣؼҳԷʲôô
ҪȻôϽҳҹͲˡ
ֻԼ̸Ŀ, ˭֪˸ľͷƵڴһһԡ
ָŽֱֵ۴, ðӻһѻ, Ҿһ仰˵Ҹոոë
˵ո˵о׼Ϸ, ִżֳɺͲȷĻػ
ֻǽݿǶܿ, ûҲܿĵʱ, 롪ҡһһԱô
ǵ, ֵһ̵뷨ԼļôϽȥûԼҲ, ôԼģ
ֻΪϽǱֶԷּ, ⷢӰ쵽ˣֻڰ
㲻Ǽҵô
ʵҸоһˣǽõҵǱ߳ҹʹûҵ, һ춼û͸¶򣬺ͺȻһ£ҲɷôǼӵĸô
ΪʲôҹûҲԣǲûа˵ҪԲļﲢҡ
ֻô뷨ѿԼԼʲôһʣԼͲԾЩίЩһһ֡
ԼʱЦ⣬ദʱҲܾòԣֻ֮Ǻܡ
ǣҲֻǺѡ
ԭҲô໰ͬ־񿪷˻켼ŶЦ뾡գЩ⡣
ղһֱ˵ĽȴִһҪ𰸡
㡭ҪܿôҺҪ֪ʲôȻǺǺˡ
˵һ£뵽ʲô˼Ļ棬һ㱡죬Ȼż˵ܶʱ򶼺Ǿǲԣ֪֮ǲԾġ
һֱ֪ԼǿӦǿԼʵǺѴˣȻźӵʱ⡣
ʵǰ޾ڣѧոձҵƲ٣ʲôóֱӻӣҪѧŵӵĸף˵ӣԴҪʼƽϣһзôûеطȥŽԼѹֻװһжӡ
˵ûаԼûĵһˣоϲԾȻԾˡ
ԼİһǺԼһõģȻڻĥ֮۵׼õ̬һһжǱӦ
֡С硢Сë֮ôʱദǳΪԼǣԼļˣⲢȫˡ
ǱʶﻹиźģҪһɣǲǰĿˣ߽˴һʽġ
ֻǣ̸֣ô
һֱһߵŴ𸴵Ľ֣ȫû뵽ȵôһȫɵ⡣
̸˵Ҷˣåô
뵽ô̸ӡ
ǶˣҲˣå˵˼ʶϲĹ̡
΢Լ뷨һ¡
ԣ硫Ҫô
Žִսͷ΢ǣһֻֻǰץĿڡ
ֿԼеĿڱһ±ֻԼϱ̫ˣ˵̸˾ԨԼ
ſԼϣҧ촽ס
ﰡȥѾҪһԲϾͶֵϰˣֻװģ¾˷ɵſؿڣŶߡˡˡˡаȫС
ͣϲûиһĶֻиж˵˾䡣
ôſϣǳһһֱһֱܵڡ
԰磬黰㶼˵ͷһ˵黰ͦġ
˵ǼʶϲḶ́
԰ôˣ
ǲô
־ԼĿǰڻ˽⣬һĹ̡
ȷʵôĻ£
ԼΪЩŮǲôŪȥġ
ŶҪȸҸףȻˣŻ
ף
ѽҪҿжϲңҪҪǲһѽ
ǡղҪҪҴӦˣǿ˰ɣ
־Լ뷨ûдϧҪͷβ̡
Ҫȸףͬ˲ſԡ
ˣ֮ܽô
Ȼˡ
ž˵Ϊһˣʲô鶼뵽ԷȫĽɣȻҪԼ·Σֻ˵ܹںá
˵ñʱϣԼӽĹһߣ۾ʼ˯⡣
һԼˣЩϰߣ΢Լ֣Լϱ֣ûзԣŰ
û뵽֮ǰʲôҪ¶ˣС˼ϣȷʵǱԼˡ
ѱŵʮָ۵״̬ԼĲ£תӿ
ֲĶҲӿ
Ц⣬Ŀӯӯ
ȴĪЩš
𾲾һָ½ֵ°͡
˵ôСҹ硣
ǰ鰡
սÿѹ͵˵硫ǲ˯һŴϵķô
ԼûһͼЦˡ
֪ôҳϲ㶺һͷӦôӡ
һ˵ϲϵı黹ûʲô仯ȴͨ졣
ĸоŮô﷢
ƽԼʱֿĳϲòֲˣѾ˯ȥ
ֻ˯ŵ˺ϲһ˯ϰԵѽϸͷ°͡
ԼƱǳĺӭǵµһꡣ
һϲ
ԭҹģֻһСľ˯ţ;Ժѹڽֵİֺܿ˯˹ȥôĵһꡣ
Ӹոһ㣬Ϳʼڽֻﶯȣʼҽ
ֿðһ֮Σ뷨Ķ߳˻ûȫѵʱ򣬱˸ס
ϲ㣬ɣţ
š
˶ûѣͷǰ˲䣬ֻģķô
ӦˣһȻóѻͦġ
Щ¶̲ס٣봹ŵƤ
һףѹˡ
ղ˵ʲô
ȷһ䣬̫ճô˻ɳ¡
ұӦˡ
֣̫թ
ҪҶ˵ˣһ˵ϲ㣬ʲôԡ
ҡ
ôĹĵץ˵ĻҪȻеĲѧҲļܣֻͷȥĶͷйߡ
˵ˡ
˵˰ɡ˫ַļרעؿ۾
Ұ㣬㣬˽㣬ļˣô
רעӣϵȴ˼ˣֻϰͷҧҧ촽ûٶ˵ʲôҪľôһĸס
ֻб˴ˣʼðŷɫʱۣһС޴ĺޣǵĸ̺ӡϴˡ
Ȼһ绹ڴˣ˫˫εؿ˶Էһۣʰʰӵıӡ

 30 

ʰ, һ¾Ժһϴһϴ·
һ콭ͬ־ҲӲѱСëζƵˡ
һС·׼ϴ, С·ǰСͳһͺֽǰһ𿴵ֽдһЩʱСţæûϡ
ֽϵּ, ܺСһӦöǻûѧģʱֻ˵С, ԼӡдﺢҲûдֵġ
СӵĽȦӻͦĵģڿȥʿ, ԼһָˣҲܽнС𴲡
ϴһ·
磬˳·Ҳϴô
ļ, ˰µʱƽʱ˵ҪĶࡣ
Ȼ
Ǳһ, Цͻٵʱ, ȻӦĳ, ֻǵͷԼе򲼣ǰ·, عʵ, һƬ
С˶ڱ˯С˵ģһɻˮˣеĽ, ᶨسĲ֮֡
ԭξСһ£һ¾ʹӴߴűӷһߣٵûзӳ
áΪǼְϴٴαһ⣬˲䶼ѹ

С۾ĴӣĵԼǿ
ЦЦĹĵӣһͷ̵ͷ
𴲣պýпգһͽȥëѽȥ衣
Сһ⻰˵㾫񣬡ëëҪô
ֲǻëֻëëҲһСȭͷôСͦϧģÿλصԼСëëúõռװ
ȻʱҲôԼҲϲŶѣʵڲоͳˣ浽ǸʱСûϱӣӦҲֻ˲ʲôġ
ԼҪĴ𸴣СҲڴĥˣϵ̧첲̧ţ·ȥҽˣ緹ûϡ
һԼʵĻûϣֻȥССˣ͵˵
ССʢ࣬Сӻôãһʱʱвˣʱ죬ˡ
С·ֽϵ˭дģ
Сͷ룬ʲôֽ
СԴֻһԸѣȥŶ죬űֽѽ
СѽȥŶʱдġ
Сôסѽôû˵
֪ѽҺͽ֮ǰȥŶ죬ڵдֵǸ硣
С磬ǵô
СԺģṩϢŪ˭ҲǺѵˣֻŮˡ
СҪһЩ˵Ӧţ︽סŵѽҼǱ߾һСӡ
Сôһ˵ڴﻹסһЩΪԭͶˣΪԼƽʱȥҲûйȥͷ͡磬ҪǽС˵Լ벻
ȷʵиСС󣬾˵Ǵġ
һӣ˺Ů·ţǸŮǴʱǴŶӣʱƱȽأ˲ٿͷºûþȥֻʣ˴С
Ҳû彥ãҲȺˣ˵Сһڴг˸¶ҪǱܺù㣬ֻ˵ӵĸףµʱһʱͳˣӴҲͲ˵ˡ
ֻǸŵһסţԵĳ
˼Ե޹ӦҲСӴϣͶ䡣
С˼ôдֽˣ
⻰Сϻͦġ
㲻ý123 ҪϿΣûܽ꣬ҿСᣬԼȥ㿴Ҷѧӷˡ
С˵⻰С°Խ̧ԽߣһҪС顣
ˣҵĶû뵽ԼӺϽѽСĴָ
СĻشͻȻ뵽Ⱥвٶѵĸ߼֪ʶӣԼһֱźӵĽ⣬ҲܽǸС϶˼Լ̵ģ
ҲֻСԼȥҪԼһ˳̫ˣӵű
ȻҶͶĻûٽСֻǾܵǣǾʹӷûа취СһѧͿҪ̫ǿܻ¡
ҪǺӸûʲô˵ģϾ˵ǿǴһ𳤴ģһҲú˵¡
ٶ࣬»Ҫ˵
ǹ꣬Ҷеʱ˵üӶвĻ
˸κӻڴ˵гɽģ˵еӰ
ŴСӻӦöſĿģԼҲڵֽĿͦأС;һһȥɽȥ·̱ȽϽ˵軹ݵģŸӰҲ𲻴Ӧͦÿġ
Ϊëôȥֵ̫ĵطҲȥ֣־͸ëһڴ￴κӡ
ССһż͵Ĵһ𵽸ȥ衣
·ֵͦôһ͵ˣСϱһûмţŹеӰ˼ҶǸȽȤɡ
˵ط֪Լ̫ˣһ̫ˡ
ΪǴͨĳʱеһЩ裬ʵϲͨҲǴճ˵ĵطǸԣΪôģҶһܶˣ˴˵ģرǲʹ˲˵˵ͦģֻԶڴʱ˵쳣ĳ
ССԲ̨ϵ˱ݺܸȤʵҲŮ֮һһضԳȥһЩ質ݵĳ
ΪӻСڳʲôҪԱ߸̨˸質ݷ
ɴµ˵һܻĵĹ¡
ɽ˵ǣһеĵҸɽѰĢһƯŮˡ
Ů˸˻ؼԺȻ˽˻飬ǻ壬˵ĸĸΪ˶Ů˺ܲ
ֻǽز֪ʲôʱʼŮܽӴһʧˣڸĸҲ̲󣬲ڷЩ˵ʧٸԼؼҵŮ˵йϵҺܿѾŮɱˡ
֮ҩŮˣȻüաݵĵŮաϳ룬ʱ鷢ˣŮ˶ϳ壬Ȼ˳Դε۾ߣ˻ߵĶ﷢ûʬ
ͶԶʮ־ᣬⶼʲôԼʶ̫ô
֪Ϊʲô͵˹Ҫ֪ԼҲƨƨߵظˡ
ССܸܵԼǶáͥһĹ£ид⡣
˶Ǳߵô
ǸŮôô˷ŽԼģ
ɽĻŮô

ʢСӣǺܶġ
Լûľ̨лع񣬾ͱСֵֹˣԼܲشֻܽʾ֭ؾһ£ٰԼ߼ۣŸҸǴ𰸣ⳡֽĿᡣ

 31 

Ϊ꿴ýĿѾ, û뵽»
ѵд̫ĺԼһʱˣһ׺ëǼֻӶųһԲ, ҲʱԼջϵĵһëëˣëʱ˳㻹ٸϴ裬̫ϴֱɹɹͺˣҲõĻš
ɾ͸, ССԺȥιӣԼȽˮ̫ɹɹ, ˰Ѽĥĥһ׼, ֻŴõʱʼ֡
ʰö׼óأͿС, Ҫǲ, 𶼿ҪԼȥһǮˡ
Сôпչô
Сýû, ̫̫˺ü, ţôʱԼˣ
ɩǹǮ, ллҴ, ֻȻһ֣Ⱑ
С뵽ʱôãһҲû赽ȴ󷽵һʮԼ, ڿһˣ˼ûߣԼȴûһʾ
û£Ҳףôø˶ô
ҪСùϵҲǸ֪ͼģԼ治һǮȻҪ£ʱ֪׬Ǯôѣ뽭ֵڲÿ¼ʮһ඼ڼֻʮࡣ
ԼǮȥʱǧ޿ˣֻм٣ҲǲʶԼҪСĸˣڻãȹ꣬;ú÷ǮʱԽԽ֪ΪʲôҶǿٿѵĹˣʵ׬Ǯٵ˷ָ
УҲܿʼЩˣ֮ǰСʱҲûܹ˼С·
Сñ˵⻰߽һֱŵӵݸ𣬳һС·ﻹװʮ
ллˣСӳÿĺõʲô·мҪǶŸӲáһ굽ͷƱҲô߶ѣĻǺѵˣ˼Ҷôг⣬ЩʱʣµǱ
ϾҲǵùõģʹ統ʱôæӦõġСһ˵Ȧһ졣
ˣȥˣǱûȥС졣԰ο˿ûʲôȤϿӲ
ɩ̫ллˣֻҼ˵ͦصģҲû¶ǮֻȻʮ飬ʣµǻᾡġСóʮǮЩ˼Ҳûа취
û£ȵȣȥǷעһ¼٣ŻУϽҵĽ̫̫ԼԱ˵Ҫ󣬽СڵѾǺܲݡ
ֻû뵽˰澭߶رǸ㲻͵ˡ
հѽСͳſڣͿ̫̫ͽɲŵϱԻݼһˡ
̫һСɫѿĺܣȻǰǣûŻңТڵܱ˼ˡ
СöԼϰԵԼĲӣ֮ǰôѾϽҲʲôڴˣǷ˻ȥ
ϴҵȥǮ˵Ժ󶼱ô
ϣڸ㻹ָǴɩ㡣̫ڳԼûռˣȻýСֱҲһĽ
Сûûӹͷ
˵Ķԣ˭ռҵı˰ⲻŮžͱҸϳˡ
彭̫꣬תýСߣҪ֪̫̫Ųʲô¡
СҾˣǮǰûУȥɡ
⡭С֪ԼҴɩɲԸԼĵԣҲܰæ
ֻɲԼǣˣû׼ڻӰԼķӣʾԷ뿪
û취Сֻһͷ뿪
ԼŮΨΨŵŵӣ̫ЦһҲ⣬ϾҪĿľѡ
̫ǰݣֻվſм䣬һġ
ϴϱô˵ҲţſڸʲôԼӼҶܽô
»˵ˣҼҸûôˣһҪǴӼû˿ô죿ҿɲݡ˵Żѽ̫̫ϴε飬һ㣬ԼɲôöԸġ
һᵽǼ£̫̫ЩҧгݵģǿԼͷһôƿ
ģһ治ռ˵ġ
⻰ɲţ϶ǺԼҲ˵˵ˣϽҵԼԲùܡ
ȥûá
ҶӣҶӵǮϣ
⻰еҪǮģ
⻰˵ģҽɣҪǴӦÿТǮģ
̫̫Ҫ˵ԼôһˣԼ̫ɵûʱۣܸоԼˡ
ֻû뵽̫̫ôУոչҪˡ
˭Ҳ׷ǮŸģ˵õĽ꿪ʼٹɡ
ԼǿϺú˵ϧ̫̫һغ
ֽдŵڶû˵ײҪǰŹģڵڶˡ
̫̫صشϽҵһ飬ϵı鿴Щ⿴ƶԼռϷˡ
ͽ̫̫ҲвûˣҲٵϽȥʱ򣬽̫̫ڽ˶ӣھˣȫ֮ǰûռԼ˵ˡ
Щ˻ǼǳԲǴģĥԭѾϰߣԹĿܿǡ
Ҫǲء
ͶЩͷǶ밴Լˣô
̫̫һ⻰ˣҪ˵ͱϱסˡ
ԻݼЦſϻżֹ̬Ϊѡ
ɩɲⲻҵһλ˾ĹֻҪȵѧͽⲻʱ򶼻ҪʦТأȹȥҪϸʦѧ˼ҲſϿʼأҲû취
أ˼ҿɱȽ̫̫˵ˣȻһ˼öԷ˵䣬ȻԼҲӦˡ
̬Ⱥ˵϶ϲ⣬æȵһȰ˵:
ҶһˣϢйⲻǣ
ҲһˣɲҪзңҪҲôǮ

ǰһһ䣬ͺԼ˵ÿģеɵ֪ԷģҪӭôһ䣬ӦԼ
Ϣƨ£ֲҵ֣ҪԼ취Ҹʲôо֮ǰ˵ĸТǲֶǳȥʴ˭Ҳǵ¼ҵײŸģ
˵ɫһӱѿˣĬĬͷԼϽҵ˸еĻ硣
ǮԼǲҲģϾҳԿҾ㲻˳ģǰڳֿĵ̬ԻݼȰ
ѽռ޵ﲻ֪̫̫Ǯأܹ˻εģ˵㶼˵ʲôأȰҰóǮĿ졣
ԻݼҲ̧ͷü۽̫̫ٶĶûУֻ˲٣Ͼ˼ҿΪһȵĳ֪࣬ôƤҪǮ̫̫˵ûǮѵģҪǮǾϵһ帾ǰίġ
̫̫һ⻰ˣ˵˵ʲôֻܰдͿˣѾǵڶˣʲôʱҪԡ
аɣаɣҪԼԸʲôӴô
ŶȻҪ˼ҿ󲹳˵Ǽ仰ô޷ݣ鴦
Ҫǽ̫̫ԼŵʱԸ˵Ǯʳһ㲻ٵظȥģ̫ˣԼҲͲˡ
ô˵ɣʱһǧÿʮܸʮ꣬һˣûˣڵǲˡ
ɥĵģҪҿɾҪˣֵֽģ㲻Ҳϣȥ㶼ҪҲϡ
̫̫ɲĻǼҲ˵ּõһǧ࣬ǹǰʮôûС
ȥǮ
ٴα̫̫ʵڻɽͬ־ġ
˵ʾֶ׵ģ֮ǰһȥسҪһݣ֪һһ²жǮȻûУ˵ϹѣҲ֪ж٣ȫҹƳ̫̫˭Ҳ֪
ҪǲôҪ֧ܵȥöѽҸһȥ
ٺŪң͸ϽǮóһٽʳҲϽװãһ϶ᡣ
ô˵̫̫еģ׼սپʼһֱſڲ˽ȥ
ҡʹ֣̫̫˳ϣ޴󺿡
ѽѽ̫̫츳ѽԼɹ£ôѧȥ
Ȼ˲Ҫ޵еô
һʱͳ˨ԺõĹӣŷһ¶ˣŲǿԼ̫̫ɶأ
̫̫һ˸ӣµ
Ҹ㣬ÿɻˣСˡ
ȥǸԼ·û뵽̫̫Ǽƻֻ꣬Щס
ǿӵ֣㲻Ǹ
ĹӸָָԻݼѵĶӡ
Իݼһô뺷Ķ¾ͻԼĶӺ˼
̫̫Ҳæӵϱǰָһ仰Ҳ˵
ֻǵõŶֵʱԼΪԷŶӴƣղҲǾߵϴε£Ҳһأĸûôࡣ
ˣЩǲӳŵô
ԻݼѵɫѾܲÿˣͲŽ̫̫Ҫ̫̫˵Ϊ˽ɲţŲ
Ҫͻȥɡ
⡭̫̫ٻعͷϱЩɱϾԼĿûдﵽ
е㲻ô뿪ء
𰡣ˣһȥ֧Ǳ˰ǹ˵£Ƿּҿһ˰ɣǺӦҪҰúϰһ£˺ƤٷһΣҺôҺòǣ

 32 

뻹Լͦ, ȻԼҷֳˣҲ˼֤, ǽ϶ͽҲԷһѽ
̫̫ɲôΪѾֳȥˣʲô֣붼롣
Ҿ͵Ҳ̫ˣܻǵТ, ӦðҲֳպҲȢϱ, Ҳˣ˵˼, ҲȱǮҲ, ͵ܹЩ, ö԰ɡ
˵ŻԼҪԼһΪ̫̫жˡ
ԻݼҲмĶ, Ͼ˼ҸƫĵĻǻƫ, ÿɫʵǾнɲŻ, ̫̫ҲǸ˵ġ
û뵽ֻԼֳȥ, ҪԼҶɢˣ̫̫ڼֱ޶Լϱˡ
ɱ˵ϹͷļҲ˶Ͷ㣬ֲö࣡
𲢲Ͻʲô˵Ͷ
ԵҲ, ܼһСأĶ߰ˣǷ;˵ⲻǷ˼ôȥϣĿɱֵµʱöˡ
ԻݼⷬȻԼҲûӵϿ˵Ļ뻹ͦеġ
ˣҲ˵ϴؼһˡ
̫״Ҳ뻹ڽǱͻƱȽϣһЩԼȴϱؼȥˡ
ս½˲ִ٣ûӦ̫̫ȳˣô̫̫ս½ء
ôԼҲܿʼɻˡ
ССιˣһֱԺ￴ſڵķſҲʲô壬˵ĶԻ
ˣСвס죬ֿʼȰˡ
ôÿμ㶼۵˵ôѽ
ȻˣǱģԼǸǫ㡣
ܶ䲻ʹˡ
СûעشʲôֻҪӦͼԼġ
˵Ͱ
аɣҲֻ˳СĻͷǸ˵أ
˵ĶԻǴˡ
Ǹ¡¡¡
еŶ
䣬־ͰֻһŵǰԺȥ׼ʼëҵˡ
С˵̫̫£˵ķʽһ̶С
Сһ쿴ŵܱܵݡ
úãС˿鲼ڵ¶סëëСֻҪë޵ӱϾͿˡ
ôһʱӿ֮ǰԲԺһС紵ʱһëҲ趯ͦһѹӢʱƮһ
СһϣСȫݽŨ˳ëëžָкܺãԼ̲סѣ˹ſʼ¡
ðСӰȫµëë˳Ŵӳŵİ׶俪ʼ޼СŶ꼸ȥͷֶ䶼СһȦ
ȻʼСԼţСβ͵״ԵøԲ㣬Ǵƨɿʼź󱳵ӣһףһŵš
СһڸСϣСһֱſרװëĿڴ۾ĿתĶĶ´ʧκһëë
ͷһּëȷʵǲôúõϵëһһһһ͵ģͷëʱԼССͻǲ̫ۡ
ȵò׼һֻʱԵľԼɹֻӵա
ͼˣҪҪޣСίĽ顣
óģҲˡС۾Ħһָһ£ֱ׵˵ԼĿ
ðɣҪҰοԼûа취ˡ
ֻǶޣǿܿˣҪǵë̫̣䵽Ļء
˼ë飬ڶֻȵһֻĳɹú̫ˣȫɺֻӷһ𣬸ӾöԲһֻյӣһֻҸֻ
ëҵɺżֻСԲԲĺ۾ܾǴԼء
Ȼ˲ֻӣһ֪ӵСƺֱӳ˵㲻ѽ㿴ëëһ㶼ˣġ
С˵ŻϻСڴ﷭˷
˵ʲôأǾ䣬ȡģ´λá
һȦ꣬Ҳˡ
ڽ췢ĪĹϵܻظС棬˳İƽԼոܵĴ
Ͻ֮ǰ˵¾㣬Ļðˡ
һؼҾôϢĽ֣ʵû뵽̫̫һôڡ
ֵʲô
ʲôҪǮҪαȽӦÿô˵Ҫּʱ˵ÿТΪš
Ǽ£ʱҲ˵ʱҲûͬ⡣
ӣҰ˵ȥˡ
ţûԿС
һֵͦôһᵽǮ飬ܾ϶¡
벻Ǯֲ͵ģҾڸ濼̫̫ʣϵǮӦҲͦѽ
ȡȡû˵ʲôأˮĵĽ־Լ鱻Ǻˡ
΢΢۾żӿ֣˵ɣǲ֪ʲô
һЩɣǰǳö೭ҳúô
԰ôˣ
ﵽسȡǮʱ򣬼ôأ˵ͦµģǼôǮʵڲģѰ˺üطǮȻҲûңǮ˴롣
Ǹ˰ôܱȼﰲȫ
ӦǼ꾭˽ʳƷóĺ֢߱ȼ׶ˡ
Щˣе鿴ףǸʱ飬Լ޷Ϊ
ô֪ģ̫̫Ȼ˵ǸӦûôܰɡ
ûУʱûؼң·ϾͿ̫̫ģе㲻̫ĸȥ˲ŷֵģʱǲ˺üطţблģͻɽ鱻ߵġͦùģ붼ˡ
ðɣƷջһģԣǶǽ׬ģ벻֪ò˵ԼùȻеĶעԼġ
붼ǮŶۼˣȴܵѪǮ
ô۰
ֵʱûʲôоЩǮҲûԼ֡
ʱûЩǮҵӻҲͦ۵ġ
šô˵ûԼҲôѵˣѹʼơ
ȵȣ뵽һ⣬ǲ֪̫̫жǮһǧô
治֪ֻܴŹһ¡
ӦòɣҲ˺üˡ
ǺðɣԼǷһֽ𣬹ֲõʱ̫̫Ӧô
Ƕ˾Ͷˣ̫̫ʲô
ÿֵ̫̫ͦѽ
ǰֻҪʳû˾ˣʱ̽ѵüΣʱֵҪϻҵĵزǮ˵ʵҲŵġ
аɣҲܰͻҰɣ
Ҳ֪˶ôˣ׷ֿǼܲס̫̫ҲϱͣŻһ֡
ҪȥʱôЩү嶢ţԼ֪ѻãҪֵǱȥ²ý
ͦѽ
ôıԶǵĲ֪ӻӦԼϱ
˵̺ͽ̫̫ʵֵͦģԸˣֲ֪ΪʲôһͣԽơ
ţʵͦġ
Ȼͽ̫̫񣡿ϱţȻֶһϱţһѭ
˵ҪǡĻû˵ڣʲôݾͲԶˡ
ҪǲѵⲻôĹϵ߲ġ
ô
Խ̫̫ڵЩ¿ûôõͶȡ
ô㣡
ԭ򽭳ֵЩ֪ô˵
ʵô߶ľʮ굽Ƕʱ䣬һȥξȥˣ϶أʱֻҪпڳԵģǷݣһһ𰾹ģ֮⡣
ʲôԭôôҲ˼̫ˡ
ֵǲķӦ˵м⽭̫̫ģֻǵΪֻǶԼ֪ſԼ޶
ô˵ʵ֮ǰܶʱҶòӸԼļңһйսѸˣԶ˺࣬ʱֻǱܵθУԲ𡣡
ʵܲԸϵһ㣬ԽǺúһˣԽǷͶֻεʱҲйеġ
Լûи˭û취ǵΪԴ

 33 

ԭʲô, ǰô𶼲ȥƽϣʵ˵ǰ鲻Լ, Ҫ˵˭ָʲôģ㲢ǱˣΪǵȥΪ²صĸ滰ɡ
ֻֻԼľߺÿһ, ֻԼԶڽֵĶԲ, ѡӡԹ
˵ȥһˣҾϣ˵, Ǳ¾㣬ҪٳֽС
ֶԼʰסǸûеõӦʵЩԤϵ, ˵ҲֻȷʾԼķ˼úһӪҵġ
ԼڲԼҼͥгĴ谭, ǰȴ¡
, ھ͹ȥ
¹Ϣ, 緹Ϣʱ
Ͻ߽ɲŷһ극ͻطϷֹý̫̫ﲻ̫һֱĥǲ˵Ļ, ϱ˲˼
ɩ극Ҫһʰϴ, ڵʱ򣬽̫̫ͦԵģһ̫̫˳۵Ǹһ뿪Ϳϱڽ̫̫ĵλ, Ǳʹڽɩн϶ڼңػܴ֡
ϵſԵۣͲˮ̣һѵõϢʱ⣬ȻҰصĸ⡣
ֵʱϵһ۾ͿˣΪԼӺͼ֮ǰֵìܵˣصء
鲢ָߵԺҲຮѣֱ˵
ﵽȥ˵£ҸջؼҾ͸Ϲˣأ
أ㺰һС
ǽ˵ɣҲһɣеúø̸̸
аɣ½ϵҲоˣ׼ǽ̫̫Ǳֳ۶ˣҲֻһ˷䡣
Ľ̫̫ԼԽԽǶʱſжһ̧ͷͿ֣ؾˣſڸ뿪ֻǽûиᡣ
ڹҲΪ˽ﵽȥ˵ҪýТǮ¡
ʲôϵȫ֪ģ˭˲ֻҪԼܸɵöͲҪǮʳģӿϸǵТģҲûҪϾϴڷֳȥҪҲǲס
ֻû뵽Լ̫ôҪҪɣڸչʱǿҪⲻǴúӸԼô
˭ȥҪģǶ֪һô
ͽһϵȻ֪̫̫ƴڲֲԼŪǮôŽɴͰ˵ˣԴҶá
˵ҪǮܰ칤ϵ飬԰ɣ
½ϵҲ֪ģɲŵʱǸˡ
£ʱ㲻˵Ǯô
ϴϱǵԣ˭֪ʱ᲻ˡ̫̫ЩĽƱ磬ڲΪʲôȱǮҪȥѹδǱߵǮ
ϵֱ򲻳ôôûӡ
ʲôˣֲǷǮ
ŵĿҲǿԼﳳܵģֱ˵Լ⡣
Ҳ˵ʲôǸˣԺûµҪҪǵģǶӣһӵĵҪȫԼҡ
ӦõģȻһ˵ģġϵֻΪӶ̫̫ҪԼ
Լε˼ۿԼӣҲ̫ܣú˽ᣬԼҲ徲عԼӡ
ô˵ˣҾ˵˵ҵ뷨ڲӴ˿ʮɣһʼֻʮ飬ûһΣһʮ˿飬ֻǻģټƽʱĲĽҴӦýǧеġ
ķ缸꽨ģһǧɣϱӾһ껨һ٣ôҲʣǧǧ࣬ΪʲôҪڷּҵʱΪһǧ޿֣Ϊʮų£Ǯȥˣ
ôһϵͽֵ̫̫ĶܳԾҪ֪һǮʮôǮǷŵҲһʾ޿
ϵ֪ӼĻǮ٣һ򲻹Ǯ̫ƽҲǿٿѵģ֪ﲻȱǮҲֻΪиŰһǧġ
̫̫־͸ǾżˣҪ֪ԭӦôǮİ
ҲͲ˵ʲôˣǧ棬һӵģرʣµһӦõİɡ
ӦõġӦõġϵҲû뵽Լô׬ǮʮﶼǿӲǹȥҪˣȢϱҵ׶ûˡ
̫̫ͲôǮֻԼЩڣͼɻء
ôˣҪǮ֪ôƽʱ·ȵȣҪǮôʣôࣿ
ֺͽϵ˼ҴһҲô㣬ԼҴºƽʱĻѣûгһ˵Ĺ˼ǮԽ̫̫Ļš
ӦҲ˶ٰɣЩʵ֧ҲӦ
ǶǺӵѪǮ㾻߬ԼʲôϽģó
̫̫ǲˣҲԼǰˣȨû⻰
Ҳ֪̫̫϶òҲǮģֻ˵
һǰ͵ǸТҲҪ
̫̫԰һϧûôҹ
ﶼΪʮǮţôǮô
⽭ֱ̫̫Ҫάֲסϵı飬ֻܹ׺ݵ˵
ȻϣȻ˵˲Ҫ͸Ͻ߰ɣϱƽЩ£˾Ϊ˸ϱİɣҲˣģԺɲٵҵˡ
ֻǻҺ˵ˣҲûɿڣ˵
ҲԿһ۲ģڰǮóһ㣬Ҳģûʲôʧ˵ƽʱǮý쿴ļҵס
˵ˣ̫̫֧֧᲻ó½ϵҲԾһ¾뵽̫̫ǰˡ
Ǯأʱ㻹ңǲָǰܼҵĶӵܵˣ
̫̫㲻ȥˣҲװģֻܲ԰׵ر⣺
ҵģûС
ûУǰһֱ˵ϱĵ·ôʱ˵ǵְܵѼҵ̣ˣۿֶֶϱ㻹Ͱ͵ʮȥ²Щ궼бǮ˰ɡ
ûУŪЩǮûиҵܵܣҶˣеʲôӰôͿġ
㻹óʲô
ǶһЩʣµĶˡ
ۿʵûа취̫̫ȴ¹óһСٴӴ˿שڳһСӣڼǮصҲأһ˻Ҳ
ϵӹǮһǧʮĿëǶӦеǧŶԣ뵽㣬ݺݵص̫̫ڲ
һŮĹǮϾһŮĸϸ㣬Ǯף֮ǰ̫̫̽ѵһֱʵʵģϵû뵽ȻҳôһǮ֡
㿴Ƕ٣ǧأаôЩĻͦá
ϵϲ˵㳰ζ
̫̫п˵Լһֱ˵֡
治ǸҵܵˣҵҲ֪ǰöطңһﶼǾߵĳʱǧˣⲻǲľͲȥˣ˭֪ôùĲˣҵʱҲΪҡ
ͻõ㣬ϵͣһӦǻӿ϶Լ²ˣҪȻôܱô׵Ľڡ
Ϊ֪˵ĽȻ֪̫̫˵ʵҪĽȻ˵
ȻǮˣҲͷˣһǧҲˣӶôҲǾľھϱܹɿЩߣ
ģڣ
ֵͷǰֻ̫̫ԼݣϵҲȥܼôڽϵ£ҲҪ
ϾԼܶԳʲôɽϵԡ

 34 

ֻǸ鶼Ѿ, ȷԼܰӾͿˣϸ֦ĩڣûôеĻȥЩ
ӵǹúܿ, ޣлһСľ͵ѧڿѧʱ򣬿ϧһҲûᵽȥѧУĿ֣ϾĿǰѧСֻĲͷ۵С, Сָ˸⡣
СĿǰϲѧ˵ʱЩҲó, ÿ綼ظԼţ˼Ϲ, Ա棬һôģԵͦ, С嶼׳˲١
ֻͻȻСʼѧüַԵ໰, Ҫ֪˵Ļѧ, Ϲ˵ЩʱҲűܿСӵ, СǾú棬˼˵Ķ˾ͼסˡ
סҲ, ŵʱϲܵ˵, ѧķȫŻֵֻë߶ֻҪһ뵽ԼСӿڵһ仰ǽ, ˶ˣҲ̵ʶСôˡ
ڼҴҲʵǰСëֻɴ˯ʱÿ컹ееʱܹС
СһڶҪ´һԽԽˣһţ֪ˣôȣнµҪȥ˵ɤźܴ˼ܵλ˼ҪϽųϾҪġ
µѾῴΧľɫˣֻԺתתУЩҲоˣڻҲôʵʱʱľҪȣȰɣҪŶ߿ɲС
ĳ־͵ûоͬʱúϵĺӣҴСôСǸ̺ﵽϹȽɵĵطһŵģԼûгԼȥɻˣСôεľء
鵽زˣ뵽֮ǰС˵ķ𣬲ܽСд֣Ͳ𲻴ǿ飬ĿǰҲϲѧʱ䡣
оǲô˵Ҳ֪ʶӽ̳СԼеصԼеϢС˼Ȼǰĵ뺢ӷֻҪ־ͺã̲סڴڱ׼һЩôҲûãĿǰСһ棬ܲڻѧЩ߰˵ķ԰ɡ
ԼͦãҪС뷨
Сôȥûȥҹ֮ǰдֵСѽ
С벻ô֮࣬ǰǱȥɣû鵱ȻͲǱˡ
Ķ춼ԵûнҵǱȥҺö岮˵üֲһĻѽɺˡ
룺ǺüֲһķԣѧЩ뿪⼸û˵ĻʲôԺ˶ԵԼ˵Ļô
ҲֻǸСҵиԭǸСɽȥˡ
ҿﳤ˺ö۲ݣСҪÿʱʱ򣬵֮ǰŶĵطݺҰ˻ؼҰɣݻͦģˡ
ȻҪΪë³Ĳ룬̫ѿָ޼ΣԿŲ֮ǰô֡
СԼûʲôģҲ֪ʲôϲŵҲΪԼԸַԸȤԲôÿţҪȻ֮ǰڼҵʱÿθųȥ죬Ҫڼһġ
аɣԼȥô
Сڲ뵽ԼûˣͦϰߵģҲʱź֪еͱһɾֻ졣
Ϊһ˳أԼÿҲҪëȥߣҲһš
ȥʱʱȥаɣֻСһֱô
ţ˵Ҫιţģ֮ǰһ춼ģҳԹҰء
˶ҪۻģֻܴСȥɵ飬쾡ܵš
Сʰ˸Сװ˱ӡʣһСȥݾǸ˵ǣԼҲ˵ʲôĿĻܿӣ˳ѧѧ֣ҪȻҲһĲ֪ʲô
СһͷһسװҪôģֵͦġ
Ӻͱʸʲô
ⲻɻˣСддѽպϢˡ
ðɣܴܲԵȥ
ǶôҪԵ㶫ٳš
ûѽһЩС磬˵úóԷС׳׳ĲźÿСϸϸģ϶ķóԣǰûԵóԵģҲϸϸģĺóԵĹȥ
СӦеԵͷ״̬ûžͦůĵСʱѧһķԵǷˡ
ȻС˵ҪԵģ˳ı˺ҳֽĿ׸⣬һŵСԼţϾͱѾ۾תĴСëСһˡ
˵طСϪԱߵСϣĲȷʵò̵ģһԴԵ۲ݣԶԶȷʵСǱŸ¨ݣҲǰС˵仰˺úദԼСʱ
º˼ҺúദҪѧ֮ǰû̹֣нŶ
ͦûС飬Сͦ˵ģҵͷԼĵСֵߵߵس˼ܹȥˡ
СıӰĪͼﺢ׶԰˿ĸоٿǱһҲͱС߰ͷĽӹˣԼģӦʱڼˡ
ʱСëѾǰķ羰ˣСקקͷûطˣû취ֻתСϪһ·ժժСժһЩҰˣ׻ˡһȵȣ۵ʱԼͦϲԵģǿϧϴ˴඼΢ȻظʵģСѹϲԣ˵Ǿúܿࡣ
һ·ؼҵ·ϣ𻹿ط˼ܵİˣһֻðѬӣͦٳԵģ⼸ԶͦõЩ۲뵽ǰСʱԹİ˱
ȱëػƼȦڰ˯ˣͱſӳڰȥˣܳԵĲЩԲԼ
ʵİϴɾȻˮշڣȻѰˮһ£һЩ˵Ϊȥ࣬Ҳ֪ʲô˼֮ˡ
Ȼˮ¼һˮ밬ˣϻҪ߽費ճҪʱòӰŪϸ㣬;ҪǵüЩǣãɫȽϺÿҲС
СճͿԳˡ
ȵ¶Ȳܼۿʼ棬ΪҪҪһЩһŴɫİţɢ㣬ͦÿֺŵġ
ͺˣϹͣϴһСԲţȹȾͿʼСֱӰѹ̵ʱ£ıѹĴţŪɱ״ȵʱҪǵʱʱ档
ȻòҲԣָиƿҲȽ֪˱ĺ񱡣ҪԿڸдһľŪһЩҪŴһľŪһЩټȾûǸڸˣҪǺһЩٻعʱ򻹻һЩڸҲá
ԼϲԴһЩģָʳ¯ģǵڸ⻹Ǵ󲿷ֶһЩ
Ūĸӣһº˯Լ߼ߴ޿ʹֵͣ˶ؼˣټ
Լ˳ζͦãͷ뿴ëĶһ̽ͷͷڶԷרעسԼСȭͷǻһ˿˿ˮֱ϶ʪˣԼﻹ죬ζӡ
еظ֣ȻַֻѹѹʾٳֵԸȻ֪ûʲôõӣóԻóԣԼǲôܾһûꡣ
ʱ˾ȸϷ޳ŽԼһޣ·ڴﻹżһ·ëӦŵζˣһֱק·ȥһ㶼֡
һֱССԭںͷſʯͷддģû߽ŵζһᶼԼˣ϶ųԵģһ뵽˾ͿҲ˲ԼĶСϲ̵سȥ
ǲгԵģǲǣǸҽѧֵĽô
е̫ϵˣɶҲûأʲôҲ֪أ㶼ô˵ˣҲͲ׼ĽƷˡ
뻹ܶСÿסСƨɣúѧϰ͵ô˹ȻǼթģĬĬһԼпС뷨ĴˣȻ΢ЦŶаСͷ
ѽ֪С϶ǺܹԵС׼ˡ
ԵģԼѪԼ˵һ䣬Լϴϴԡ
֪ǣ;˸϶һҰץ˼ֻƵСԼЦݵҲеġ

 35 

ӰѸոճ΢΢ıӵݸС, һ򿪰ŵֽ˵͸ˡ
ζһë־ͳСķȥ, СһΪܵԼأﻹͦĵģԼҲҪԵܱܵϲС
ֻ뵽˵ܻܵСֻС, СֻԼСŵܵܵСס
ëСֺ, ԼûиԼС𣬿˿ٿվһߵķ, ˵ȥö
䣬ͼССƨһһߵ
Сëܿ, ԼʲôҲû, աؽ, ȻŵԼմŵİ˵, ʱƽζؿԼСȭͷ
𿴿ɵ, ԷСָСľ, Сӿˣһۡ͡УҲְֻȥŵ˵ɡ
ֻС֪˵ʲô, СıԼһ飬ʣµľȫ˶ԷƾҲˣСʱҧűӣС߻
ߵСͷŷ˻֣ԷűԼС¨һ뿪
Сվûȳٻؼңһ·ҧű߹ˮҪγˡ
Слл㣬ѽ͸ģΪʲôллң
ͽӹӵݸ˼ң⻹Ҫ˵лл
ҵĽѽҸղѧߵʮˡ
˭ģ
С磡
ǾͶˣ㿴ѧҪʦѧѵģոոѧѡ

ԭΪԼСΪԼͺѷԼҵʳĳɾ͸Уһ±ѧѣе㲻ܵӣҧһڱһҧһڣˡ
֮ǰûѽʲôģ
ѽ㶼Ų
ѬǸô
ǣζ࣬Ҳ񡣡
𻰸¾ͿС鲻Ȼմŵ͵СͶ
ôˣóô
𻹾Լˣζѽ
Сб۾ͷȻ̾һ
һ뵽ǸѬӵĲݾ뵽ӣҸоԼڳѽ
ôǿôһڽһڵ˵ʱҲûͣ£е㻳⻰˵ġ
ôҿԵͦ˵ѽ
Ȼˣһ뵽Ҿ;øˡ
⣿
СҲ
Ի·֪Լǲ̫ˣоԼһ㶼С뷨
Ҫ˱ӣ϶Ͳܺúóˡ
ΪԼ֮ǰļԼСԵʣµĶˡ
ԭСͽǰ¶һ֣ϾԼѵиҪ㼼ĳգԼͦгɾ͸еģֻոСֱһûüһؾͱֿˡ
üͷŹ΢΢͵㣬ٿ²ϹɫԽ۰ϸ϶м㣬ҲѬЩ졣
̵ֱ֣ˡ
ͦΪȻģǺ˵ܿˣһ϶ӡûˡ
ţȽָбȽ׼񱡱ȽϾȡ
Լ⣬ȴԼڵʱ򣬻Ҫ֡
ɣ̫ˡ
û£ҽ춼Ū˺üˣ򵥡
Ȼ򵥣˵
аɣȻô˵ˣԼ⶯첻ö־һߵȳֳɵģͦĵġ
ͬ־õĵһ͸˷˷֣ÿһС飬ճԹҲǳζ
һԼпϵ!
С翴ͦϲģһҲ죬㣬ĺóԡ
СǰλķԣϵıʼԼжϣҧһڣĲһûĺóԡ
һİ
ʵҲ֪һ
ֻڽİ˱ֲϳԵҪżʱ䣬һЩȵʱڸлóԵ㣬ԼǼе㲻һֻû뵽Сͦ޵ġ
϶һǲΪûûаѰŽȥ
СԼˣԼжϡ
⻰׵룺ҵĴӰĹѪӾ̨ѽǰŶ
£
ǰ˵İʱΪʲô㣬˵ССԵöһ㣬ɰһ㣬Żôġ
ҵĹӿڳעĻڶԼҪĿӡ
ʱأ
ǿǵˡ
ĴͶˣǰɣ
ҲкѽҲֺóԡ
ɾǺĲһϲġ
ϲҵһͦ˵ģҲϸѽȥˡ
С㿴Ҷ˵ɽֻǱȽһѡ
ɽô
ѽ
ǵһ˵е̣С쿴ɽԼݵĺС
ѹԼĺԼҪԼҵСҪú˵
ǰҶˣ滹еʲôأ
С˵ġеģ˵ҲǺܰģȻ˵ǾֻҪҪͻߵģôӣҪĸ㣬İô
С⻰ԼǰɫĹһڵɫصҡҡͷˣˣǰҵġ
һ˵±ǰתͷܣȥܵ
һ˾ܲˣʱССȾԵøˡ
ÿһСЩֵֹʱСϹ˵ֺСһ߿ֱ֣μԸ
ֱСɵһأȻԼǿŪȥˣſѽڴһЩԼƾͼˡ
ֻϣëˣԸ˵£ҪҲСһԼϸÿ춼ȫһǱСģһܱܲסҪˡ
ͬ־ԺҪˣڶҪòסˡ
Уôı飬е㻳Զһپ͵ˡ
ֵֽܶŶǼʩеǰĽ
ֿԼϱıЩԼڼҲûöְʲôԼС뷨ġ
˵ҪҲڴôСֲ
ģ㲻ö֣ҿ϶ᶯֵġ
ͷðɣԼǿ˵ˡ
Сȥܵɡ
ԼԹǰŮӣۡ
ӳֻʣˣ͸ղűһӰ١
ˣСһˣûϵɣ
ֻЩİһ˭ǲġ
߳ģʲô£ҶСӣô뵽һģ
֮ǰΪСѧ鷳֪ģԭҪȻԼÿС͵ŮϹǱߵСȻŮľһҲ˵һЩڵİԣҲСڵеĶǴ֣ӦúһЩֻǻûü˵ء
ҾŶ֪ʶӽ̳Сܲɡû˵꣬Լʶô˵᲻᲻̫ã
ͻȻûֻЩ֣ͷһı֪ԭˣЦЦ
û£˵ʲô˵ɣ⻰Ҳе˼ĲǻҪѧܽô
ô˵ˣͷ˳ԼղŵĻҿСȥҲûʲôɣѧ֣ϾԺ󳤴ˣֵҪǲ̫ܿŻС
һ뵽Լ̲ס¶ĸЦ쿴Сһ㳤󣬾̲ס뵽ĳ
ֹעص̫һϲвŻģ
˵һͳȥĽ֣ȷԼǸΧڴ㽣Цܾе˵ζ                        
лҪ˵ף쿴ĵСʹ 520 տ֣
С

 36 

⻰˵, ѵ˭ϲвŻģȻܺÿ͸ˡ
ôϾʹЦ̧ͷû˵ײ, ԼôôˬϣԭҪѿڶĻôںڣ˵, ֻԼ˻ȥ
ȣֲܵ, ںö֪¸ԼιأҪʲôŻ
˵ô˵, ۾ûٿ򽭳֣ϵı鿴ҲôȻӡ
ֻҪûϹ۵Ķó⻰˵ò岻Ըġ
㿴ɲôġ
Ȼô˵ˣҲ˵ʵ˵ˡ
а, Լûѧ, ܳݳѧúõôĽһ˼ҵĲô
⻰ֱ׳ýֶ, ǲǸöȥ, ԼǸĻ
鲻Щ۾Ű׳ĳ֪ɵôԼһˣǿ, ֻǽӵ, ָܸԼߴߡ
ǡܿöô
ܾ⻰Щ˵ڣûԼһΪҪֺԼϱҪȥ飬ʱȫ, ԼϱֻǸСѧҵ
ԼνϾԼڿ˯ġԼŬ͹ӣⲻǴ󲿷ָĸ״̬
ԼĿǰҲȻǱĬӶѧϰĽ׶Σǵʲôط˵һ仰
СԼжϣԺܶʱ֪ʶѡϣĸҪȰﺢӶˣϴ񣬾ͻ֪ĸģҲ֪Բԡ
ԼҲνĲмһˣͻ̲סЩеûġ
ֵĻôˣѧѧԼҲǰѧϰ͡
ֻż࣬Ҫ鿴ˣ丹ڣ鿴ˣҲˣǻ̫Լоûۿˡ
ֻͼΣյ뷨
ҾҪһһӵˣе㹲ͬͺãҪѧʶ̫ãҹƾʹϻ
⻰ֵͷɲ٣ʹͷۣϱѾٺòˡ
ֻǷ֮ĹͬƺҲر٣˲ܵһΣ
룺ԼҲǶ໰ˣ֪ôͬ⣬¿ô죿
һԼϱ֮ǰ˵ҪҪ˽⣬ʱ˵ദʱ䶼ȫռˣ˶ûеദĻᡣ
֮ǰ˵̸Ҫô
̸𿴿ΧĻǰϻīɫӵˣٿԼƨµСʺľĺÿ˵Դװʲô
ڳôѬǵ˵ĺô 
οÿڿҿҵôúӣȻ¡
Ϊһĸףʮˣһô࣬ĺô
𶼿ҪԼ˵⻰ˣȻŮ˺ܽҲú壬һˡ
ֿô˵ˣԼҲʱ⡣
û˵Ϊ¾ˣû뵽˵˴ϵʱְ˻еִš
ú˵ǹȥˡ
𷭸Ŵſſ˵
磬̸ҲҪʱĺòã㿴Լпոȥѹ·ôпոȥô
ɽ˵ϲвŻˣ˵ϲǿϲ֡
ݳ˶һģǴ֧飬ǻ۾ǴｨСѧУԼϱ˵вŻӦҲһָˡ
ǳԴô
һͷߣ룺ﵱһ绻üϹأ˵ϲ
أһϲ!úƵġ
û˵ϲҡ
ǵģͺ̸Цȥʱʱ˵ʲôѽʲô̫ǶԽ⡣
ʹ֮ǰ̸ĺ󣬲Ӧ˵ر֮ǰ̸ĺڴ ϻ֮ǰأ
ֻεô˵ɣ
ԭͰ뿿ڴͷĽ֣ԼĴȣ˵

ǰе㱻ˣô󵨵ôôеλã
ȷ
־ԼǰסȻطֿϸ˫ȣԼ
ͻȻ˫ֵϰ߶ȥ§ס˵ĲӣֱͦԼ˵ĽӴʵλţúΣա
һ㡣
˵Žֵֿʼ࣬ǡ⣬һλãˣ˶˽Ļٶ㿪ġ
ֿҲ׷ʲôһ룬ľʶȥ
ԭǿ̸Χʱ䣬Цֲ׷սйȥ
ֱԼֻԼʱѾЦ΢ȫ̱ŸһβˮһͣشϢš
ֻǾʱѾͣĶˣֵֻػԼƿطΧ
ҸղԼڵʱ򣬲ԾĹ˵ĻżӴּ֡
һ¾ͰԼƶסĴȰ̧
һԼ͵ر̧һԼ˼һסĺףͷöͷסĶͷ
˵ǱԼһЩÿֻҪ˿ܸܵϲϴԼԴԴϵͺһʲô˵һֱĬĬ
һʱҲһˣһֱڲԼҪñ˴˵ĸ
Ҳ֮ǰΪϿԼ˼ϸһֱ
ʵҪΪһӶ飬ǰ˽ȷеܹϵΪǾ˺֤ͨ
һǰѾпܹϵԼȴõ˵Ĺϵˣһְġ
ڵʶ˹ϵĲԾἰñ˴ܹҲǰ˴߽
Ȼ˴ʱպɽŻҪ˵ǿ԰ס糺컹ϢȴԽĶ˵
ʵһֱ̫ҶǽңȻ£˵ҪҪϲͣһºǲ֪ô
أôģùĵԼ˼·
Ҫǲֻһһͥһ֣Ҫ
ԺﹴճһԼΪԺֵĻ档
ҪǶ׷ԲԲǵʱ򣬻ǿԻȥժ֡
ǰ˵ĶͦõģǾͲһɢɢڻؼҵ·ôΪʲôһҪһժأȰͶô
Ȼ̲ס²ۣЦȴôҲزסġ
ǿüģδҾͿԾͳĺڴһ𿴿ó;ķ羰
ӶԷаȴҲ̲סˡ
΢ԼͷסĴ꣬ѲӼȦȻһֻֿסĺףأƱţ棬һ΢΢ķ
ֱ˰ƵԼ·⣬˻Ӧ֮㿪ʼһʰ򻹷ŵˮ

 37 

ڶ´ʱ, ػǹ˸ɣϽԼѡ
ҪôһʼίͰ͵ռϷԼ, ˬȲȴԼѾӦˣӵԼʱѹ, Ҫе˶Էĳ嶯
ΪһֱСڼѧһЩټԼѾ̫öû, Ҹʱȥϼؼҡ
ȻΪԼһֱǸѧǰŵʱ, ͦϲģڼСô࣬ż黹ǺбҪ, ڶӲô, ʳҪ, Сһ꼶ġѧ, Ҳ̫Щ
ô࣬ҪԼ뿴, һڼҴ, ܾԼͷǷϲ١
ֻԼҲóԶţýȥŪԼģǸӣС, ˣ˵ˣ黹ͦģҪĻһЩ顣
ԼߵˣֻԼ׸һˣټԼҲһʱûлˣÿԻȥһˡ
ֻһ·ѾССûСʱôôˣֻܣ￴ûһǰַ·ġ
ëС
СŮӲŴģһܵܵԱ𡣡
Ůӣ
Сִŵĳ֣СҰͳȥˡ
Ѿ.ðеСƻεذӡ
ϡ
;ԼˣͣЪһ˭֪С·Զĵˣȥ˴ڨˣǾʮ㡣
Сӣ
ﻹͦСģصشսϸ˿²߰ɣôһϢһµĹôôأ
³ӣԼе㷸
ġⶫ
֮С߾Сϣֱϰζأ

СױƵĳ߽ǰһͺһֻ׳ϸϸøСƵģҲ߰
һԼﺦ£СͦģǾһֱܡ
ӣСԶһ㣬Сһˤܵܡ
Ÿӣֲܣ˵ҲܰСԼֻܰܿȰţֻԼǰкӾԽԽƤŮǸϱӵСˣֹģһҲûϱСӣʱСƨƨʹɱ֡
ҷſڴˡСҲһʱŻһԼĺ¾ͷˡ
ڴˣСĵؿС
СҪóҲûʲôð
õģżҲСĹô
ѽͻȻ˲ôõ롣
ȥСԣ׵ģһԺ
С˵ûһԺģղŸߵĲҲô˵ġ
ˣǴ˵ˣ
ղ͵ܵϢʱиץ߻ؼιô˵ģܰѼĴ󹫼ιһԺ׵ģ϶Ҳԡ
¸ι߻ǷӼǵԣȻúܲףöһĶô˵ġ
Сǡ
˼ҿҿɰģҿߣСߣҲµġ
զģ㻹ͦԺֶԲյġ
ôСߣûʲôõģǰˣˣץòã
Ҫ
ԼսƷСŲ뽻ȥԼĿڴԹԵǰߡ
ԸҲûа취ֻһ·սսԼ󣬵ȺòߵּңûüԺ͸ϽСͳ
죬طˣأ
С·ǰСÿ춼װһǻ߱ʱҲһѻ֮ģһʳݶ
СͣСԵġСǦʡһɫСʯͷûߡ
񲻼ˡСЩίͶҪˣԼౣһ·ȴʲôûС
¾ˣòС·ȥ˰ɣԼҲ̫Ұ
Ｘſڸأ̫̫ˣֻ⼸˾ôſҲݣȵЩͷˣֻó
һԼ͸һ
ղڴ߲ˣ·ȥ˰ɣ
̫̫һСˣԼŮʵеôģῴŵСô
ߣһôСأ
ֻĬĬ˵ԩûС
žôСһһιġ
СûûεԼСָ˱ȴС
̫̫ǲ˻ߣôСһһҲҧˡ
ϣﻹ֪Ŵѽ
˵СԼѾˡ
Ҳˡ
˻ˣеż
ϽС·ǲȥˡ
ôԼĥĥôá
̫̫ӵĿһۼңǼԶĹŮҪΪʵˡ
³ĺӣ˭ûأûۿ
СûҵӦ·ˡ
һԼڴһ·Сʧ䡣
ҲͱּҷལβֻСصл԰Ȯעˡ
̫̫СԼȥ棬дϽӹëϸ˿չ˵ĲͦԲģпմԼŮ
ôͻȻŹˣСе㡣
Ѿȫϰ̫̫˵ʽˣȫЦԼ
ⲻС綼һ꼶ˡ
û˵̫̫꣬ͽӹͷԼŮ˵ƵģԼ֪ʲôʱ˵ص㡣
֪һѧˣôˣ
СһڼҲû¸ɣҾҲ֣ȥ򼸱
֣˭̣ô
⻹治̫̫ԼŮϸСѧѧѧ˼ǿҵ֮Ҳûм飬ڿҲддԼˣƹǺ
̫̫п˶ԼѧʶĲΣֻܸЦӲͷƤ˵
ȻˣһøѧأҪʱ˺ˣСҲ
ϣϢˣԭôˣһˣҪˣҾ㹻Ǻ
̫̫ԼĹŮڶǴʽġ
˵ܲܰɡ
Уǰɣҹæ󴺲Ҿȥ
Ҿ֪»лл
ɲǣżңˣʲôð
̫̫ǾԼ۹еôôһңһжˡ
ԣ˵еǮ
ô˵ֻӦ䡣

̫̫ûӹǮ֡
ôˣ𲻴۾дɻҲûʲô
֪ʲôо鲻
̫̫ﱧë˸ۡ
ɵĵͷӦ֪İɣ
㻹ʮǮһǮҶܸʮ⼸ٱô־ͦİ
˵ģʮҲͦصģҪİɣйŮТʲôԵġ
ԭѽԼû飬֪Щ۸
аɣˣӻҪش㣬ǮǮ㻹Ҫأû׼ҪأǮôִŻġ
ǰҲûʲôǮ̫̫ãԼˣÿÿһ߰ҪЩǮⲻ˾Щġ
̫̫߶Щ𻹾ͦĵġ
İôˣ֪ܲô
˵ˣ̫̫ԼԼÿˮҪȶźϲˡ
ëôϲԼС֣ƿ쳤ˣԸԵĶˣ̣ﳤù졣
ԵͷҲÿһЩʳˡ

 38 

˵, ָ̫̫һҳʱ˾Żؼҡ
ֻû뵽߱ëߵͦ, СȴֻСĹᣬ˱᲻ߡ
Сˣٲؼʱˡ
ǰôû⺢ôϲ
СǶԼӴû͵еͦѹ, Ǹ˵ˣ˾ܳΪһԺĺ, û뵽ҲֻܱǸСͷԼܶˡ
СҸСҲûϣֻԼŬץ߳ˡ
̫̫Сʵ᲻, ѹؼȥ
СôϲСҪʹؼɣȥѰһֻˡ
ɲٸԼӹ, Ǽﻹ, ܵˡ
, ˵ʲô, Сһʱ, ܾͲϲˡ
ʵܾ, СֻҪһ뵽ԼһֻӣԼҪÿȥݣȻʱ棬ʣµʱһѧϰһݣ, Ҫһ͵ĵι컹Ҫëϴ裬ЩҲѾԼˣһǳܲġ
ҡͷͷŲˣһؼˣ´
һ˵꣬˾Ѹٳ룬ͦģѵСôϲһֻСﲻֻųģ͸ȻҪ
С㲻ǺϲСôôؼң
ǼѾֻˣûʱˣ
ССƵı֣лε̾Ϣ
е
Щ֪˵ʲôˣܰҪؼҵĶﵱԼοԼĳܷΧͦѵõġ
㲻ԱߴֶѣҲΪͿ๦ߵıô
ʱûĸʹһ鵽ˣһʼõʱͦ˷ܵģһݣ⡭
磬ȥЩ飿
˵⻹ͦԵõģҪ֪ôôõľɲˡ
˵ģ˼ѧУŵģǰҵģ㻹˵ȵƷվĺöˡ
漸ǸũҵֳصģԼԭſʱС֮鼮
磬ҵѧУİɣֲֳᡷݳֲȫ㿴Ȿ͸ˣ۷ڵţǷḻʡ
ЩһһѾ˿᲻Լõ˼ԼѡĻͦõġ
ôˣ˵ЩҪЩõϵģⲻõôôôֵضȫ⻹ϸѡء
㻹粻ѡأĸʻһЩҲҪҶһѡռϸ硣
ҲСģЩССǲǲôʣ
ͦõģЩ鶼ѧˣСˣֵؿ϶˼гϢ
ǰ֪ȥŷôרŽµظɻ飬ֻһ㶼ǸоµصģҲòЩˡ
ôˣЩͼͦģСӲϲͼôҲѧܶණ
˵ⲻǻô౾ڶ͵ˣҾȻȥˡ
⿴ԼѾɣҲ͵ˣûԼʲôˣˣɲٸˡ
аɣźôЩˣ㲻ܸɱģûϸǹ˵ġ
ã磬ˣ·Сġ
˺Լ˷ȷʵϸѡģ鱾𲢲أӰĶȱҳҲôѡ
Լ׸˵ĻʵֵصǼȷʵǾѡģԶ棬鵹ͦģ淢˽飬⻹кü̲ģֻ꼶ͿĿȫˡ
˴ʱһǷ࣬ȱҳصźãȻѡ˼ֱССģ鶼Լ䴲£ԼԺ˵
һжʼ죬ڳõķչͦϲǣ˻˹ȥȻҲеģֻϡϡļ仨ʵЩ٣͸ɴȫˣÿ˹֡
ⲻһ꣬ڳľҪöˣߡ·ݵʱ֦ͷϾ½½˲ɫĹ 
ϿʼйӵԵʣпСÿһžСܸˣÿ쵽˰ؼҵĶҪ£üȷСؼˣſϹԹԻط䣬дҳȻϴ˯
ëͳˣǰûʼ˵һֻ̥̣ĸһʮֻСӣӼԱһӾСӶĻϲģﶼһֻֻë޵Сš
˾ͲôˣҪˣ̵ȵʮ쳤һЩ󣬿϶ôסһģעҪ
ȴֻҪһ⼸ֻӣһ˵һ̥֮ÿ¾һ̥һǼҹӭСӵĵεԼҵĿܿưˡ
⻹ĵģĵβʮֻСӣԼѾæˣССģֻСˣҪٶЩĻŻţҲȫûôطװˡ
ʱʶʲôг嶯ħֻӣľջǧǧֻӣҪʼ֮ôźˣͰĿǰǳԣԼҲϲٶȡ
һƵǣëСβ߶ѧ˵ȻĵһֲǵǸ㣬ǵܵܣƾСԱ߶̫εܵܣôסˡ
ëǶ˭еܵܣؼѾԼ·ˣ˵ܾܵǳԣû˵֣Ŀǰ׷ˡ
ĺΪԼСպǣĿǰòѾСƫ˰ɡ
Ժճë·УСڽĶÿһ
ԴԼѧһһ֮ͶԼжܸȤĶ඼Ǻٱ仯ģֻǼÿĹȷģʱر˶⼸ġ
ʱÿĹӣĺܺ棬Сôµóݵģۻ
ԺһϯëϯϣԼƨŲվȫû뷨
ֻһ֣ҡҡ˹ģע
ëվߡ
ʱëһģٶȡ
û취ֻ̧Ŀ֨վվˣվŲһһƨ£ȻԼĽŲ
СԼҹ飬ʱѵԼܵܣǵģë·СǺθеġ
ֲܵԼ·ô
ÿ춼Ҫܵ˵˵ôֱߵˡ
ܵܣ
СԼշݵëǰƣ·ӳļڣߴͨëҡ
ãҲͽøЩСӶЩˣѿϻеǽ̵ĺۼһ֪𣬸˵ӵ㣬׾ëע
õֲܵܿܳԣһҪˡ
ܵܲſ߰ϲԵġ
Ҳ֪ԵĹѽǲ̫ëĳëѡ
СѾǰëǰӣվȥëһС͸źһ
ⳡСʱ򿴵ĶƬڹ߰Ÿܲ¿ǮŬɻĳ
СѾʼѺûˣֻĵҪȻȻëˣԵĻûԼϣ׼úɡ
Ҫô˵أѼ˳ʱëѾϯϲ϶ˣﻹקС·֣ﻹ˵ţԡԡ
Сﶼмܲסˣ·˵Ȱëһ¶ӡ
С϶˵ģҪԼ˵ʱΪʲôСתһȥˡ

 39 

ܵ, ˣƤŶҪĻ
Сһͼëû뵽֮ǰ￿רҵ, Ȼ䵽ֻ˵Ȱ˵ĵزˡ
ëֻԼΨ˵ĻΪش
ԡԡ
ܵܣݶ˲ܳԣڲŶ֡
СȰ, ʱʱë·
ֻϧԽ, ëֻץԽ۾Ϳ, ԼĻǰҲû
ߵԺʱ򣬾ͿСվһ־ӣһֶԼ·°, ëȵֶ쳤, ץС·, ཱུӾ͸С·Ƶڶ
ԼҴεر, ֻܸ̾һｵһѵСͦиӵ, ëǰռϷ硣
ë, ÿ㲻㣿
ʱصص֥ͣġ
ëһŵζѸٵ磬תء
֪ΪʲôԼҵкӳԶе, СԴζģëһҪģ֪Щѧġ
СŵܵתĿˣԼϽԼݰӷźãԼһɾôһţһ㶼ͺóԵġ
ѧ衣
ëԶιһھͣһ£ͼʳķ϶ѧ˵ЩѶ̫ͼ򵥶˰ɡ
ëǷˣġߴιʳٶȵķ
󡢰󣬰
ëһСҲû˵Ļ˵ģͺڿԼ˵һ
ë궫ͿʼҪԱҪ˯ȾղгԵʱȻͬ
ֻڶܲͲϾ̽׶ΣһͿʼ·ͼѰԼϤĿ
ȰٺСӣŷԼڿСϳ극һֱû
Сιӱһϸߵ飬ûµʱͨǱߴš
С㵽ȥˣһûп
ɽ°ɣż⼸㶼ϸݣڼҡ
ôôһȥ̫ôƫƫҪ̫ųš
⻹ΪСô̫ʱرҲ١
ԴСųԵȥͷһطݣ˳ѵСʦ˲١
ⲻСӵʱСҪһֻԷСΪѣԼϲĽ϶ҲϲģԼôֻһֻԼǺõġ
֮ǰСӻСģڿһˣСҲһëëСźúһֻˡ
ĶҪͬſԵģǶ𿪿˵
ҪһֻСӿô
𿴿СӣѲ̲סˣ
ҪһֻӸʲô
ѽһֻС硣
ԭе㺹գԼʱûҪûԵģС˵֮Լ⼸ֻӣż뵽⡢ö
û뵽С뷨
ǿԣôͻȻ˵ģ
СЩ˼ΪԼ鷳̫࣬ԼС֪˼ҶԼĺá
ΪСܰժĹӸңҸݣѽҪҸܵܶ飬кöֲʶֲᡣ
ǻᣬĿǰԼҲǴţΪԺýСҪ¿ʼѧֵţⲻѭ򽥽ô
ԴӼһЩСһë˵Ϊѧ˵ﾡ͵˳㶽ССѧϰˣ֪Ҫܵڼҿ鶼ǰء
СҲΪÿñţ˽£صԼ͸ܵܽµ
Ҳԣѡһֻɡ
СҪ͸ȻûʲôС˵Լʶ˼ҽСͦʱˣԼҲûʲôʾһʼֻСԼȫ֪ҲİҪô
ֻСҪӷƲҪģҲûеط
ȻôģС͵ԺȥѡֻӣصظŪ˸ССӣðСװͷ
Сŵʱ˳СлؼңŮɻ̫Ҳ̫á
С˵طȿС磬ڿԼ߷ɽţڿǱߵķ
㣬ؼȥˡ
СʱСڵҰ˵ѿ⻰Ҳֻǿһۣ϶һҲûӰ졣
ã֪ˣõʲô
СǰС磬ŵСӣһֻСƴСӾһࡣ
СѽҪ˵ġ
ʱһֱڵϵСվԼСüƬҶιһƬʣµľ͵ݸС
ιӵģ˵ˣ
Ҹ˵ˣӦ˵ġ
аɣȻؼˣǵûؼҳԷҪ̫
֪ˣֲСˡ
СںϴӦĺܿ졣
ĵĻشСǿס뷭۵ĳ嶯ԼҵܾܵӦǺܻõȫˡ
ǻÿ춼ҪУ֪ؼҡ
㡫СһоԼʱͿʼɻء
Ȼȥˣǵûؼҡ
С粻ٶ˵ʲôֻԼؼǰôһ䡣
Ҫ죬ʵСҲ֪ʲô֮ǰѧȥѧУʱС֪ԷĵǰͻؼңԴż֮ÿζҪв֪ؼҵʱˡ
˵żپڼҴŶãûҳɡ
Լôլ涼ûӰ쵽һԼŮôżٵʱɻôﶼǻ
˵ȥݾĸݣȻҲС첲ССģôһװˣԿĸɻ
СԶǴʱ䣬СӾͻؼˣÿճɹһӡ
ڵСձ鶼ҪЩСģҲûһʹСӣСôڿʱЩġ
رǵֵ֮Ĳеʱе̲סɣǲԼԴСǸо˲𣬲Żᵼֵġ
Сûа취֪Щġ
ҪҲȥݣ϶üֵĲιӣ˷ѽ
˵͵ЩҪǹȥֻֻӵʱ򻹲ö˷ѣھͲһˡ
ϾʮֻСӣÿһֻθڶͦСģǻٳɶ࣬ԼԭҲ׼òݵĴţֻ׼ʱе㳤
ȻҲõ㣬رһ䡣
ⲻǱȽϿô˵ҲñȽһЩĲҶιġ
ǿɲúõһòˣֻԲģ⻹ҶӶѣ
ˣлؼҸʲôһҵҰأܵȻϲԣιСҲ
ĿǰǼĲݶιӵģСӻԵñȽϾϸ
ôԼǱŵɻأ
ⲻѾżˣѧʱһ㡣
С⻰ϵıһѾӣԼƽʱСҲˣһԼº͵ģҲʼҪô
㡭
ȻŮߺСһ·ߣôףֻ
ⲻǿڼҾŸɻǲûã
Ҳֻ̽Եʣû뵽С绹һص˵ͷ

 40 

һСͷ, Ϳһ¡
ѲɻԼƽʱСС̬⣬ȻûпԾε˸ĸǻġ
ûСΪɸֵطˡ
ʦ˵Ͷ, ԼȥϹûϵҲ֪֮ǰô࣬ÿ컹Ҫܵ񣬿Ҳܲ׷ѽ
ԭ, ѲɸֳʲôɻɫģˣȼӴѧУʼ, С˶ɻͷ
ҲǲɻҲСЩ
СҲ, ÿѧؼҶȥշڼҾɨɨضѡ
СΪԼѧʱٸɻѧؼҲԼ, ᰲʲô, ڶż, һʱ䲻Ӧ˷ѵ
οڷżڼȥѧУͬѧ, ÿ춼вɣûʱ, Լȴеʱܶ, ԱȺ͸оͦиеġ
Ҫ㲼ÿͺá
żȻСԼûĻɴͶҵˣڲϰԺҲǳ̬ˡ
, ô
ʵڲԼ룬СԼ￴̫׵ӡ
Ȼ֤ÿ춼ܳʵ
Ųǲҵô⻹򵥣ֻҪæúоо
һСĿͽ뿪󣬾˷ܵܵߣѰСӲԼ󣬹ص
С磡Ҹʲô
ΪССʱװųԵģƾžԼĲ²
Եģ
Բ!
ļСȶԷٲ£Ȳİӱǰ
Сӣ͸ġ
ŰװԲԲСëҲϲָӵķ϶˴СӣͦϲؿС
ɰ
佱СЩ֪Է϶ϲġ
ǰɣҾ֪ϲģصѡġ
С˵žʹӰСӱŵ
оССһžôԼģС۾ҲԲľô޹ؿ
ֻƽʱҪɻү岮ģסĵطûа취ṩһʺϵĻҲǸóҪǱ˻᲻̫õġ
Слл㣬ҺϲҲҪҡû취
С˳ŸԷϲ϶ܸأû뵽ôЩˡ
Ϊʲô㲻˵ϲô
֪ôԭֻ˵
ûʱ䣬㿴ÿ춼棬ڼûʱι
ɡ
Ҹ˵ղǱ߷ֺöزݮӦú𡣡
СҪ˵ʲôѾӷŻװܸ˵תƻˡ
زݮǳеСݮֻСָͷСζģζͲݮҲûζ˻ͷȾ죬СͦϲԵҰ֮һ
עܿ챻תˣֱؼʱź֪طԼҪ͵ûͳȥ
صҿС죬ͦίӡ
С˵
ϵһЩģ˼أϰ뵱ȻСɲһͲ͡
ҪȰŰɣ
СһôɣЩ
ô
⻹򵥣һṩԼңСչˣõ̡
ڲǻÿ춼ȥСôӾͻǷǼţÿӳʲôСȥСӣչˣСˣٸͺˡ
СߵͷͦеģֻЩġ
ô˵˲Ҫġ
Ҳôһ˵ܲܳɣҪСˣС֮ȴ档
ȻˣʱôʱͶӦõģɺóԵģٸȥ
˵ôһͨСһץסλеص㡣
ʲôóԵģ
⣡ͳһ
С룬Ż𣬻ϼһֻ߽ӣƤ΢΢ƣ̵ðͣЩϷۣǸö㰡
ۣ⻭һ¾ͳˣСϲҰ͡
ţʱһȣһȣ͵ͳСǰȡ
ԣÿ־˺ĳ̶ȣƤ⻹΢΢롣
࡫ 
˵˵˶ʿˮ
һתͷСոûüŻСӣ˵񶼳δڴ
С뵽һ⣬ôֻ֪͸Сģ
⻹򵥡˵žʹӷҳһͷͷԭǴС磬Сӵһ߶ϡ
ԣֻˡ
ĸ˿Ŷ⣬СӷŻ˻ǰЩӣõĳֻȺӿɪɪ뿪
Ϊ˸Сָÿʼ̿жСѧαôչѧϰȻ̫߹ԼˣһûʲôɾһֱС
ëһٵ׼ԵģҪιСҲٳԵģռݵʱ䲻ر࣬ɾúôſʱûж٣϶Ļ粻
û취ֻѧУοεʦæˣȻԼеĻҪʦʲôѧͺˡ
ֻ𻰸˵ڣѧУ꼶ĵ֪ƷʦɫͲ̫ÿˡ
ɩӣСҲѧô
ʦ뷨ҲģΪвٴʦܲúǰѧЩ꼶֪ʶСҵٽǮ
ûУǺӷżڼҾڼҵʱҲѧ㶫ҲУҪȻ¹ȥٻѧУ֮ǰѧҲòˡ
뷨ͦõģ㿴Ҫѧ壿
ô˼ռǵʱ䣬Ҫ鷳ʦˡֻǳĿС繮һѧ֪ʶģû̵سѧϰĻᡣ
ʦҲֻôһ˵ϾسͦûõģΪԱůǵһҪ£û뵽Сѧ
ɩ˵Ҫѧ
ԣʦ㿴Ҫ׼ʲôѧѶ٣
Сÿ¹ѧСʱ˵ҿ˵ãҲֻƤëûУҪ˵ƾжĳϢҿɲ˵
һʼǼ֪ʦҲΪԼѧЩѧѧУѧһЩ֮ģЩҳһ˵ûʲôãΪСڼҸɵأҲͲ֮ˡ
ȻвʦͨϿΣҪϹ˭һżپũæأȷʵҲǺĺġ
ɲ֪Щ£ֻҪѧͺã˭س໹أ
ллʦ
ؼҵ·ͻȻԼԭ־ģһͰӽȥˣΪԼǵģú̸̸롣
ССһĿ꣬һ޷ʵ룬ֻҪһֱųĿ겻ŬĿḶ́Լøãǳɹġ
Ҫûһȷķô֪ԼóŬأ
޶ǣ̸̸ǵɡ
ԾʵĺȣֻǺǵĻشˡ

 41 

Ļش𣺡Ժһ
С⻰˵, 𶼲֪òøˡ
˵ӿǺܲģźţƽȥ, Ϊһô
ΪǲԵģҪΪҲ̫˵㣬ϣСܸһ㡣
Ͼ벻ԴʵȴָʵôָСߴϣԲôӵ
ֻܼ͵
С, ﲻԺô˵˭, Ժʲô
СЩף֮ǰûн̸, ҶǼʵĳԱůɻˡ
Ժʲô
ԣʲô
СĿǰ﹤޷Ǿ֡
Ϲ
ԼӦþܱȷһЩ
һЩ, Ҫȷһ, ʦҽ, ȷְҵ, ô
Се˼ˣʼԼ̫, ίıԼ뷨Ĳ⡣
, ̫ˣ㿴м˵ʦģ
ûԼĶ࣬Ҫ֪ԼСʱô˵뻹أԼҵĺӱ˵, ʦôʵʵ붼ô
ȻҪʱʮ꣬ҲС̫࣬ǹһøõḶ́СǵδǿиĿԵġ
ȻΪʲôأ
仰ǴСǰԿףһǣǰΪʲôԼ
ҡû
ΪҶûʶҲûǹ⣬Ҫٱ˼ҹƻ쿪
ϣ˵ܲһ£ô
Сڿʼ룡
Լ̫ˣججԼ͹˶ʮ꣬Ȼ
Ҫûз£լڼ￪ʼ˼ҵҪʲôˡ
뻹ǾС֮ǰûû취ȷѡ񣬾һַʽȷҪɵĿꡣ
ɣڿʼÿдһÿĵ飬ȵڹ꣬ڻعͷǼܾöᷳúܿĵģǼڵ롣
ô
СԼոջЩͷۣҪ֪һǺˣ¾ﻹЩûеס
ͷȻˣҪԼϲܸɵÿ
Ҳʲô£ŸСһ㶯ҪԼһ鶼ԺùҹĶѡ
ٿСĻش
ΪСҪĿ϶Ǻȫһģϣ𰸺ܾʡ
Ҫϴ󡣡
С⻰־뵱˭ϴ󣿡
ȻǺܶܶ˵ˡ
С㣬Ŀһ㳤;Ĵ
ڲһСôѾëϴˣһɡ
СЩԾҲǿĺöຢһϷʱŵϴΪϴأԼôˣ
СЩСʧԼͽ˵ʱôá
Ȼ·ͨһ
Ҫܿйӵ۾ҪһӾ쵽ժô֡
ⲻҳԵģժڵС˵ѵĴ䡣
棬뷨Сɲ룬λࡣ
Ժô˲˼ķԼҶӵ뷨ҲôʵֵĿܵģԸ
С۾ԼôҲᣬҲԼ
Լô
ôҪҪԼŬпܿԵġ
Ծ⼦ûЦſС·𿴵һλδĿѧҡ
ûϵҪԼŬӵеС˲ͶûȤˡ
ҲҪˣûЩҲܳԵܶӣС綼ҡ
⻰˵ģͶȷʵͦģԼ뷨ôȻǲܵġ
͹ʲôûУҪŴӱá
аҵĳԵĸСѽ
Сرܿһˡ
ɲôԹԼ
ʲô
Сû뵽ȻһеԼûʲôܸĶϾԼжǴġ
ͲһˣӦоУԵĴʱʱöྪϲ
˼Сǲ֪ԼʲôܸԼģ¿ˡ
Ҫҵ룿
СӦúú⣬ﶫҪЩ
ԼҶתĻͦģתƻˡ
ʲôκú˵
Ҫ׬öǮɡ
ţΪʲô
ǰǮʱЦӶ¶ˣ϶ϲǮҪ׬ööǮڼš
СԽ˵Խ˶ʼ㵸ëԱ߶¸µЦˡ
㿴ܵܶ˵ĺá
СȷΪŵĶЦô
ô˵ͦԾģСȻƤʱе㷳ůĵʱҲůġ
ţ׬Ǯʱˡ
˵ôгȷŹˣ˭⻰˵ԼĶҪء
ֻոձůĵĴûֳ۶ӡ
һëι˯һ˷俴ԺﴩС黨ȹӵӰеɣСӦóȥ˲ŶԵģôֻˣ
С磿ôֻˣ
ԭСӰع𾪵һû
Ѿȥˡ
Ҵ󡭡ӣСһİɫС黨ȹӣŻе졣
С㴩ʲô
ôСΪԼϵСȹڣԼչʾһԼ·ʵ
òÿ
ⲻǰԼСмȹСˣʰĳС·ëô
ֻû뵽һСôȹ⧲سԼǰˡ
ǰһĻеЩ
Сôȹˣ
⻰еʲڣȻСȹӿͦɰСŮԼǴӣкŵİ
˵㴩˵·ѽҾúÿҪһô
СȹӲ˼ϲǼˡ
òãкӣܴ
űȴ·Ӽ򵥶ˣСÿΪʲôԴ
СǵȹӴ·ӿٶˣĲû̫ࡣ
û̫࣬˼άѾʼɢˡ
ѲҪʼԼҪŮ׼ô
˵ҪҪʲôʱſԣСһô
Ůӣкӡ
СԵе㲻ˣˣҪ·ëġ
ܵҲкӣΪʲôͿԴ
ɵӵȻΪܵҲܼסôСʱ򴩹С黨·ѽҲëֱӴȹӣҪĳ·ӵĺô
ҲҪĳ·ӣŻܴܵġ
СʵڲԸȹӣһҪ
ҵ·Զĳô
ˣΪҪȹôִţ
еĻŻѽ
Ȼ̫ԣСΪʲôҪġȹӣ
ʵЩСȫûиܵԼ飬Ȼ˵
ȻΪѽͷһ׾ܴˡ
Ļش˿ԼؿڣûòΪ뵱ŮӣҪԼҪúøԼ衣
ô㴩·ӿӵ˧ô죿
Ϊ˱³ΪСԺĺʷԼ˵Ǻܾľ
Ҫ֪ԺСƬ¼촩СȹӵĺʷЦһӵġ
СҪôųţ󳤴˱Ϊʱö࿪ġ
СĻͦεģϾ𾭳˵Ӣ
СϴЩЦ⣬ԼС°̲ͣסԼٴȷһ¡
ô
ᶨصͷʵǾϸССȹӸÿģЩź

 42 

Сÿ¹֮ȥʦϿ, һֱ󣬻ϰʦ̶Թˣȷ˼ڵسѧϰ
, Ҫѧ
Ϊʲôѡ
ͦģΪô壬ŻѡС粻, ĪͻȻԼͦϸ
Ϊ̻ʱʦ˳̽ë֡
СΪѧ, ҲǷЩֽʣΪʲô, ٵӵģԼ۱ȸ߶ˡ
Ҫ֪ʦ˵õѧѣһ¾ҪǮ, ÿôСʱ, ԼһѧĸַҲôǮ, ȻҪѧˡ
ĻǸʵϵСŮ, ԭȻΪԼϲء
㲻ȫΪϲѧѧҲǲ, ұұ١
Լþͺ, ɵúúüѧѽ͵ſƷˡ
֪Сһɣֻⶣ䣬뵽ǰԼȥ
, ÿռǵдô
С統Ȼǲǵġ
ÿ춼дģҪô
ﲻдԼġ
ԿСѵռǣûʲôȤʱСôĿҲΪֱ۵ؿԼϲѡ
ϾǶ˵Ȥõʦ
СԼǰĹ֮ȷʵҲûԺʲôš
ԼôΪʲôҪд
ȻҪԼϲʲôҲͿԲÿдˡ
ʵҲһҪС簴ķʽģСԼԸҪ
һҪǿĵ飬㻹ȷԼʲô֮ǰÿĵΪĿꡣ
ô˵ˣҲٶʣ㲻ôףҲ֪ΪԼõġ
ֻЩ棬˼ҶǴŶӳϢͶԼġ
ðɣ֪ˣܵΪʲôд
˵С죬һôů׬Ǯﻨ꼻һһҲû
⼸Ѿˣ̫ˣɷӰɡ
СиڻԾӺ͸ֵ뷨СһֱʵʣøһȽȷŬá
Ӷôʱ䣬ëҲһСˣǻʲôģСΧӦûǿԵġ
ֻ֯ΧǻᣬëҪ߷߲ãûҲûйߣֻұæ
Լ˼ңϧû˻ġ
ûҪһ˴Ӽң˵·ôã߷ߺҲôϵԷӦÿܻɣ
ż˶ȥиɣڼҵҲԼëˡ
ëĿǰСƿȥģʲôҪŵģ·󣬼ѾסɵĽŲˡ
ǰȥʦҸС罻һԼ̫ãû취ʱϻؼҡ
ΪҪʮ´Сû취ԤϵԼ·ϼѵʱ䡣
ںС˵ͱԼصؼﻹʮصСճˡ
ʵԤлûдëŻûþҪµԼˡ
ë˵Լߣ߼μ£ӻСһҪжŲС
·Ҳһֱֻʱʱӷ
ôһС·ëͲˣվԭؿʼȴ
ڻô˵ͨͱ˽ȫԼĶ˼
ǿԼߵ˼ˡ
ȥֱ¿ŶȶչȫȻɴһë
ˣղŲԼߣôˡ
ѽѽ
ëԹƵҺ쳤ԼֻԼվ˱ġ
Լָ˵ĶͷȸԼ
˵ˣαˣ·ͲԼ߿
֪ܲëܲԼ̬Ҫڳ 
Ⱥò׵˵طѾͷˡ
һϿͻˣæǰк
ӣȿˮЪЪɡ
𻹱ŸСֱŸӣϽŰѴж
ֻϵĴôӾָЩ֣ǲϡ
Ҫʲô·
Щ˼ĳЦЦһʱѪ͹ûʹ˼һ᲻ء
ӣβ·š
ǡ
벻·ʲôôԶš
֪סԼҲһСʱ·ء
Ҳ˵ʲôϻ
ӣ㿴ⲻǼЩë·ΧʲôģҲߣ
ϣأһᣬ
еԥΪëžǵŶѣҲûдԼҪæ黹ͦġ
˼һһҪƽϵģ߷߿ż򵥿ҪŪôϸȾͺܿ鹦ˡ
Ͼ·ÿ϶Ҫյģǲ֪Էܲܽܡ
Ҳ֪û˵Ļ˼
Ѳʱ䣬Ǯ·ѵĹ
⵹ãɱ·۾һֱƬ̲ܶҪɶˡ
⻰˵ֱͷ̫ʵˡ
ɼ̫˲ˡ
Ͱ˵
ֻ˵ܰŴëЩˣԼҪ
ӣܰȾɫôЩë׵ĺͻҵЩһˣʱҲûֿڿžЩôÿˡ
ǿԣҲûרҵȾϣҪԼŪȾϿɫôȽɫ
ȷʵҲǸ⣬ɴֲĲô˵ҲĲǣҲֻôοοԼˡ
û£Ⱦô
ͦ鷳ģϾ;öӵֱӻһҰװ׵Ҳν
ҪСŮӣӦûɫŮӶͦϲɫģҪɫˣǵķۺҲǺÿѽ
Ⱦɫô
֮һɣľͲȾˣԭģԭҲͦÿġ
ӿЩԥӣ͸ԼһЩ顣
ôȾɫ׵ɫء
ոҲ⣬СëʺϺɫ
ⲻǺɫԵЩôﺢӶСء
ôŪˣ
Ҳ˼·Ƚ죬ӲŶ˵ôġ
Ҫ֪˼һ²ǸˡСıȽ϶࣬Ͼ˵·ܸС
ü·ˣǸŮ·Ƚ϶࣬һǰСߴģǺǴ˶á
ȡȡ
⻰ʵþԼи˵е㲻˼ˡ
Ҫô˵Ƿ޼Ŧأÿʲôĺ뵽֣ҪΪÿ춼ڼҼ棬Լ·ϲ
ܵë˵㣬´˵ɡ
ϽԹ⣬ӶˣԼû̫Ӧǰ˵Լɷ¡
鶼˵ˣã͸ϽëؼȥˣһСС࣬ȫιëˣҪٲߣ·Ҫʼ
ڼһ֮ԼСԺӣź֪ػˡ
ôͻȻôأҪǱ˿ɲˣҿ⼸ֻҪһμװôֻˡ
ԺҲֻֻѣǵò̫
ؼǴ󲿷ʱֻԼһˣҪЩٴ㣬Լչ˾ˡ
ؼҵʱͿһֱںԺţֻΪչ˸ոճСӡ
ֱԼʱ˹𶼻ǴںԺ
ߵԺžͿԼϱСǰ̾ġ
ôôֻأ
СһֻֻСëţȫ᲻˼
ôСףѽǲǿ͸Сһֻˡ
С֮ǰԼģҪ͸һֻչ´࣬ȫӳԱˡ
裬סס
ëŬҲܿڳĽгˣڵ˵ĴʻҲ˲١
ǲǲôࣿҪ˵ġ
СǸӣЩڵʲô
רŷСģҲôֻ˼ҿɲȫԼ
ԼҵСӣСҲûпҲЩ
ѽ˵ôأ
ʱûؼʱûôģô֪ˡ
ҲһµǮûʲô˻ץϹˡ
һЩΣ𵱳ʱϵôһ졣
Ĳ֪ԼϱѾӵĸˣô黹ôġ
ѾʱҪġ
ʵڲ뿴ԼϱͼСͬѼʽ۽ˣֻóϼ˵ĶԻ
Ƕڸأô

 43 

ĸǰ, ˢˢ̧ͷ޹Ŀ򽭳֡
  ǵϱġ
  ǵ˺ӵĶࡣ
衫  ĻдСë
ˡ
Ͱ͵գգ۾һ͹ſϹ, ɶҲûɡ

ССҲ˱죬϶ӡ

ë˵߻ԼСֻ֣˰뱧Ĵϡ
ֿźĬĸ/Ůĸ, ˫ˮ޹۾ôͳһ
ӶʱһƬհ, ո˵Ļȫǵˣżֳɵ˵
ȥ, Ǽ
ⷹҪԵģԼֻһ㡣
ƿԼߣëվ, Լ˶ЩĽ, չ̫ûе㷢塣

һ˵, һкС, һ
ĸǣٶȵ뿪ˣ»ûӦĽһ˸Ƕ۵Сۡ
˭Ķģ
Ϊ, ȴʱоԼǸ塣


˴ֿʼԼ״̬
ô, 뵽ʲô飬Ҫһʱûа취ͻһֱţŲ
˵˵ɣôˣһ͸նЩˡ
һ̾, Լûôܲˡ
ΪĶΪάͥΧܰɣԼϱһΪ֮صġ
̾עģֱ׵˵ԼĹǡ
Ҿ֮ǰ̫嶯ˣ¼ӶҪˡ
־ŲʶһЩ̫ˡ
ǼҵӲǿҪѾˡ
Ϊһ֮Ҫ
£
ѵǴô𵱳ΪһֻСء
ǿԼؼҵһֳ֪һʮֻġ
ǺҲˡ
治ǲֻġ
ֲܹ˰ԽԽۡ
ؼԼҶ£ױֵİɡ
˵ôӣԼţûϵô
Ĳܶ룬ԼԼԽԽ¡
ڲʶⰡҲһֱû˵ʲôһֱôţ϶ѾЩ֮˵ġ
ǾϲˣԼʱҲǸպʱģû̫ࡣ
û뵽ֻͦȼ֮ģܿǵôԶ⡣
ģôһֱҲû˵ôġ[ʤĤ᪚]
𵱳ӱؼҪʱ򽭳ûôࡣ
֮ǰļͶΪһʱͳˡ
ԴӼӵһ̣֪Լ͹⼸ֻèˡ
һʼ˵ųëģû뵽ǡ
ô֣־Ϳʼ֧ǽӴ̸ͼԼӺϹ滯ˡ
ҸΪӴ룬鿪óΪûо飬ҾԼԷһӿȿɹʽ졣
û˵ǣҪǿɹȻ͵鲻ˡ
ô
Щţô׾ܽô
⻹򵥣ǶĹֵڼֻеȣֵǰļӣǿСӵôŪˣǲ֪øðʲôİˡ
⻹Ǹոպˣ˼ҵ٣ܴСٿ϶Լܳɼġ
ԼԼǮǣͷҪþʹһҪʧҲֻԼҶѣ϶ܲô
ȻҲ˭˼Ҷͬģǽͬ־ײܹصġ
Ǿǿˣ±֪ˣ
ţʹ󷽷ŰɣǲɱԣҪ̫ˡ
оǹ겻ʲôӣﶼôˡ
֪ˡ
ǿ϶ģͿտڰ׻ظ˼˵һֱûʵʵĶ϶ǲеġ
ֻǡǼֻĿ϶һֱԼҵİɡ
İɣû˶ġ
ˣĵν
ֻĶкüˣʵڲҪҪھͳء
ȻܲҲһʱ綼ҪԼ׼˵
һʣЩǵģģ
ĿǰǵģҪŪҲǮĲҪġ
ǽˣ뵽µ⡣
ھѾ̫ˣҹ˲ô죿
ҲԼҺԺʮСЩ̫ˡ
ҪҸŵù˼ˣ֮ǰĵһСӲͦ׳ʵˣʵҲñˡ
Ȼ֪ˣô˵أⲻԼë
ô£Ӧһë
Ȳ࣬ŪҲãʲôУԼùء
ҪȻȵʱôһһĻԼ϶Ͳ˽ôëˡ
ĻӦСëô죿
Ҫ֪ʱ䶼ȥһˣĿǰҲóСΧ뱻ӻԶء
ǣһյëء
ûȲԼ̫ۣԼջʧ
ԼϱҪˣֻܼ취
Ҫá÷ǰһӵģҲûзǾŻûܳëСӣʱҪëˣҲӦˣ˰ɡ
û뵽ֻͦϵģæͷͬ⡣
ҪԼҺԼҲͬһӵģԼæˡ
ͻȻϣʱܹһˡ
꣬ٹô꣬Ͳô鷳ˡ
˯˯
˵Ķ˵ˣ˿Сϵë˯㣬ԼҲı׼ܹ
ûʲôˣôһĽ֣Ͳôô򷢵ˡ
ô˵ˣòˣͰһˣ

仰˵ģڰʾԼɣ
㻹£
أ
Ҿûʲô°
ûô
ˣڴʲôۣе׼ƿô
л˵ɶͿš
ܾԼǰԾľЩ飬Щ˵ﲻ
ϱôǿҵӣ
û°ɣôǣ˭ܿ
Ͻ־ֱӾٳʵˡ
ôûУȥԺǵʱ
Ҫ˵𻹲ԼǿˣԼкİɡ
һ㣬Ҳ͸˵ô
˵ˣɽ뵽ǣĸǣ뿪ıӰ
ߵʱǣֵģû˹ҡ
·𿴵һѻԼǰ¸¡طɹ
˲ܶͣﶼסŸСô
ѽСôС»ǵá
𲻹ǾýֶôˣԼкҲܸϣֲСҪʱšš
С£Ҳ̫ˡ
Ҫô룬Ȼû㣬ĶĶӣСأԿҶ㻹Ǻӵġ
ǳø㡣
ô
۾ġ
ʵҪǸһʱȽ϶࣬ͶЩԲŻýĸо
Ǿֻܹ̫ˡ
ҲУ
ַӣѹԼ£ͷ
˵ʲôԣǲ˵С
⻰Ȼԡ
ֱֱ۾£ֻ˿ӡ
ôϳʲôбǴ¼¡
춼һӣϾһֱͣ
û취ֲҡ
ᶼȷʵô
оϾͲô
Ҳ㣬Ȱִƨÿô㿴Ҷ˯û
ǧҪϴһ߸֣СϵëͷվŰؿǡ
ֻû뵽⻰ֲûſ֣תλá
Ĵ΢̧£ʾϡ
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣǾͻĵطˡ
𿴽Ѿӻתصӡ
еŵĽ˽Լϵȡ
ˣҾôϻͦõġ
е㺦½һµսˣͶµȤˡ
˵Щ涼ʦͨô
𲢲̫

 44 

Ҫǿн³ص, ûܽȥ
ӲǸĸϰ
Ȼڽϣ˻û뿪Ŵë֪ô¾Ϳʼ
ۣ衭衭
һ޺, شӽ㶼ԥġ
Ŷôˣúõô
űСƨɱëıš
͸оëƨɵִе㲻Ծ, һƬʪ󣬿ˡ
ʶͣͣ, ҲûټĵĶ
¡¡ 衫 
ʱë§סĲӣ, ޵Ķá
جˣعСȦԼС
ϴĴ, һëע, Լǰ䵽Ĳϡ
ֻͬʱҲˮȫ, ζԡ
ԭʵеĺ˵, ʱҲе㲻ˡ
ҧҧЦЦؿë, е˾䡣
, ˣҲſ޵ģ
ԭһߺ۵ؿԼϱ庢ء
ͻȻôһ  ̲סȭͷסԼ죬ѲЦȥ
ò˵Լϱ治ôӻ, ʳĻ
ëԼģ׽֮飬⻰һҲ֪û
ͿʼҪֱż뿪Ļ
ôһξ룬ԶԶԼ׵ӵ˫֡

ԼһıķϣҲȫ
ͣһ°ɣʪյӣŪʪҾ͹ˣȥֵ·
ܸɴѹֱӰ˰Լϣǹ˲Ž֡
ҵС·ȥɡ
ֽӹȫëٿԼͷҲسŻ·ϱ
еĸܵһʱҹ
ëÿȥҲ졣
˽ֻҲˣôСƨɣСȭͷȵš
˵ƻյͦ㡣
ָë·ʱ򣬱˵ŻԲС
հմë·ӷϣݾͿֵĶϿڵ
Сģͻڳϲˮ㻹ϸ˯һѰɡ
ʵҪԭÿδë˯ʱԼ϶һ̲ˮ
ʵڲëһ˯ˡ
ֳĬ£ôԼͶôһ־ϱϱĸҲôûˣ
΢£顣
ΪʲôԼ˯
ǻˡ
ʼת䣬Ұѱȫϴˣһ
Ҫ治ԼϣҪһô죿
ֻ˯ǰǰŵװˣɵڶǴӽֻ
ëԼռһѣ˳ڰѽֵͷʪ˴롣
еʱӺ͸ĸǻ
쵽ˣ󲿷ũﶼʼļڡ
ԼԺϵҲʼɫ׼ʼջˡ
⻹ԺģԼǰþͲǺܶ࣬ûȳ죬ʱ򣬾ͱСӲˡ
ǶʱСŵʱģΪ֪ؼҵʱֻһѡ
û죬ͲժҪժҲôÿ쳢ζѡ
ȵʱ򣬾ֻʣ¶˵һֲժĹˡ
ξС˵Ժģ˼ǲժġ
Ҫ֪Ҳˣǽ˼Ժ͵ժ顣
Ǹ绹ûв̶ֳȡ
УҲģˡ
С֮ǰӾǿʼɫͿʼˡ
һСĺܲģԼں̬ȣоԼΪҲġ
ǽôھͿʼô
ⲻֺСճСͿʼˡ
ѽӻĿ϶еɬܳŶ
𿴿ӣҪҪЩˡ
Ҫôţ
ӡԼ̵Ƥɹɹ̫ͺˡ
Ҳ̫ȷľôô
˷źþС
СôżԣҪú÷ţͰˡ
ǵҸӳ׼ժˡ
СһֱתƣŸɴ͸Ͻˡ
ܲС磬һժ
СͷһӴˣʲôһɡ
ҪԸĻҪҲԡ
룬ʱҶϹˣԼҸɽǶ·Ҳûס
ȵ϶شСƨƨܳȥˡ
˰СʱͿСèĽţ߱ʱʱ󿴼ۡ
ôֵ״̬еɻ
ô͵Ƶģ
С˵ñ˿ҪȻҶ֪Ǽˣﹻѽ
һ֪ԭˡ
ڱôôƭ
ôԼǰͻòСأ
ǰԵЩн
ȻҲ֪ЩСӴԼġ
ǲɷиͬ飬ÿ쿴Сˣоһ˿ůİСԼĺѵġ
ʱ򣬲Щš
̺á
ǰС죬࿡СϲԾŵЦ⡣
СãСȥﰢ̿ܵܣô
˼⺢ӣöÿٻͷԼҶʵĴӡ
뵱ոռʱǸݣֻϴŵӤʵСɰ
ôʱ䣬ͱС׳׳ˡ
˵ԼôСеֿأ
СһԱȾ֪ԼıӲˣСĹ½ˡ
Сѽȥܵܣ˳ǵԵģúд׼һ¾ͽǳ֡
ҺСҪȻǵίɡ
˵˼Ӣֿɰһÿģ׶Ӷˡ
ֺ֪ǺǵǣС֣ȥˡ
ڿëڵŵĴϣڵﻹָͷСһСҧˮСȭͷǡ
ܵܣôˮѽôࡣ
СĹĹԼӣǰëټϵĿˮͣ֡
ܵܲÿˮ·ſʼõܴܵкܡ
С㿴ҵܵܣˮʱ򣬻ǿɰġ
ëС磬и硣
ëһֱǹԹԵרעؿȭͷ
ֱС֣˻ӡ
ëʶҪԼк
̧ͷһİС磬ͰմԼˮ飬ﻹͣ˵
ԡ 
ͷһνӴôССëľٶԵúܾϲ
ܵܺùѽ֪ͳԵء
СûиͷĻ
ͳԵģаˣ϶ǲˣ˸һ
ëǳʲôˮʣµĶµϰء
Լ˶֪׸ھͺ
硫硫
˾þòӹԼϵĶëЩˣԲ۾ֱֱĿŷۿӿ˵ˮ֣ίֿӡ
ǵģɴײޣڽˣ˵
ʱ𶼷ֲ˵װĻˡ
οûķˣʱЭ
磬ϸ㻻µģҪŶ
ֻҲ֪ﻹгԵģֻԷԹ۵׸硣
С
СսëСֵ΢̵Сͷûû飬ȷǼٿˡ
Ǻе˵
С磬Ҫⶼùʱˡ
ȷʵˣֻС˵ë
ôСС;ѾʼǶµֵܣеЦ
СԼǰʱС糤С̵æһ㶼֪
ëǰһ¾ͺ񳤴٣˵һЩˡ
ֻǿԼëǺܲġ
ùʽܵôСô᲻̫ðɣ
ʲôģ˵ˣСʱҪޣ˽ëŨܣ㿴ҵĽëеϸˣСʱ޵Ĳࡣ

˵С̾˿
ô
ϸ۲£ٿԼģǶ˵Сʱ򶼺ܹԣޡ
ԼĽëҲ԰
źӻС£ںߵˣֻû뵽ԼҵСôðɡ
ȻˣҼǵÿ˵ġ
Ϊëӳʼëǳ̵ģܺÿӡ
СĽëȻҲܲ΢΢ʹ͡
ҲûµʱԱȼＸС٣˵⻰Сͼˡ

 45 

, üǵĶСǵøһĶԼ˵Ŀӡ
Ӱ, »ϲٵݡ
һ׼ŰСͷгժӡ
˭֪Сðĵһ仰ǣ
㲻˵޿޽ëúô
𿴿۾ˮëٿСķٿԼӡ
תһȦʹ֪ķչˡ
ֻô׵ĻԼ˵ģе顣
, ôǿȥɣ׼ժˡ
Сһ򲻻׷ŹԼġ

ڵرܿС峺ĳεĿ, ӲͷƤڵ
ðɣԲϹ˵ġ
С⻰¶һŵı顣
⻰ڸ, ôʱڱ͵͵ᣬˡ
ԼߵС񿴵ܲ˼
ȡȡ˵, ˵, ⻰̫׾ˡ
, ôԴ϶ֻĶ԰ɣ
ǿһ, Լ᧿Σ
ΪһдԴСֻܰԼ˵Ļ˻ȥ
ԣ
ȻĹĵŷԺȥ, ûëŵ
, ȵ
ճ˵µԼճԼڿӣ˳ӿӶӡ
ʵӦԼҶĴ, ⲻŹӾ˵ˡ
Ӹ
ⲻǱȽϿҰȫһ
ʵԺĹҲ׶ӣСȫֱȥ
ȻԼУС϶Ҳǿɵȥ
ƽʱԼʱ͵͵ġ
ֱͺˡ
Уӣܼ
ɲǺҪǲСˤԼɲܽӵס
ҪԼ˻أԼˡ
Сһ㣬ժֱ¾ͺˡ
СϵʱϻҪöĻӰ췢ӣҲ̫ȫ
˲㵾ݣӣҲܻһ£һӦҲ˵ļҲСһ㡣
֪ˣ֪ˡ
С̫ںİڰ֣ûǰӣѾֽشˡ
С磬ѽ
С֦յĻλԼȣľսġ
Сĵ㰡ǣرС㣬ȥġ
Сŵ㰡Сˤˡ
ӣСĵػŷ
ţлл̡
ⲻ֪ôСӣ÷Ϊųٶ۲١
ë˶ԶԶģûԼ
ͲʼįػˢԼĴڸ
𿴵Сȵվˣĺܣŷ
ʱпģһѾʼ߶߶СȳԼ߹ë
ҪҪ
Ҫʲô·߲ȣҪɶ
һѱСֵĶͷ
磡磡
Сק첻ͣķ򳶡
ʲô磬衣
ڻСӣ˵СкǲǾϲ磿
Լëʱ˵ܶˣôһ֮ͿʼԼˡ
Ҫ硢硣
ëȫûԼĸס
Сͷϰӡ
ëʮ۲ͣر߻֣߽Сǡ
СҪǲҲˣƫƫСƺҪʱʱŸӶëһӡ
һΪ²ۡ
Ͳܺúõģܵѽ
ëͼȥˣòһֱǶ£Сǡ
ֻԼ߾ֵܸܣ˾һֱҪһ
ⲻëոƽСͿʼٻˡ
㿴кöĶ
ǱСԵģ˵ģٱûԵ𡣡
ģ
С⻰øСĹӣûĵһ棬еƤ֮һڡ
Ķ̫죬Ѷ
ζô
ģеɬ
Сϸ˽ҰͣЦЦ
ɬеġ
Ҷ˵ӲֱӾôˣһھˣɲٳˡ
õģС㡣
СԼԹζ÷ҲԣԼһڵӾôݸ˶Է
һٶԼղ˵ѵǾϻô
СӻϺܿ˸߰˰ˡ
һЩ֦ȽϸģҲһקһһժӣ㶨ˡ
ɻһЩʵǲŪֱժˡ
СǲᣬҪ֪ժĺܿ棬㣬ø졣
ժô
Ҳ֪ѽҲʣôʮӣֻôò̫ȫҲ÷Ǹ
ҲֻĵȰԼʼղĴӡ
һЩС԰ɺòã㿴ôˡ
С˿ڲԶСڿջ񣬲Ϊѵĵͷ
šðɡ
ȻӶժˣһ̵ĵݵĴ
˰׾ƣÿӵĹ϶մһЩ
ȫŪú˲㵾ݣ˿鲼ʵʵذ
õӴ඼ſˡ
ΪֱӰӵģвٶ˵ġ
ŰһֵûɹҲܷžһ㡣
һƤ
Сëȥˣɲӡ
ԭԹ緹Ҳ÷СһȥëģλСѼҪæҲٶ˵ʲô
ֻĬĬĸ̾»ӰСӵԸ񣬿С硢ٿСĲͦġ
֮ǰֺ˵ýСҪһӻȥɽСõ֮ǰܹˣ̫صĻҲɲˣڼרš
Ҳ˵һʱ˺òʱСòпչ
ͰѵһѾһëʮֻӻеڶѾʼĴQСչ˵Сӣֳһš
ôһЩӶԼ
ԼĴ󣬵ʲôҲûôˣСȴһЩеǡ
ɩôŲʲô°ɣ
Ҳ֪뷨ԼǲûӣҲûʲôģֻĵؽ͵
ʲô飬㲻һ簡˵ˣҲԼ͵͵ġ
Сʵָ˵ʱѾˣµͷеѡ
ҲǣЩҲ綼˵Ҿͺúš
˼ôԼҲҪ˼һģʱܸõġ
ģҲǰʱëӴܳˣҲá
ɩһ˵⻹ǷһǮء
ҲΪ£ֲ£ҪĻҪġ
ѴŵעС˵£Ű˺һߡ
ˣʱͿ٣֮ǰŪëѾŪˣѹ׷һʱˡ
ˣŷԼҪ֯ΧȻûпʼ֡
ǳŸæ鶼æĲʱʱŷˣ׼ˡ
֪ԼǲǸңԼҪֻ֯СӵΧ
ԼȻǺһӦþͿԸ㶨һɡ
ֻôֹ۵ˡ

 46 

Сһ𴲾ͿӰŪŪȥ, ͦľʹǰ
ʲôأ
֮ǰµë, ֯Χô
ëôҲġ
Сͦġ
Щôúˣ
ֻ˿Ա߻Ǻɫģرۡ
æţСʻ, Ҳֻǲ˵
ǸɫǸ, ϵ֯ľǸģϾŪء
Ǹġ
Щ·Χƽʱͷ, ǺԼĲһ
СԼͲ̫ˡ
һô̫ԣͣĶС
ôⲻ֯Χô
ʵһ, ̫ò֯, ûҰɫЩȽ϶֡
Сðµʣ
Ϊʲôĺҵǲһ
ֻĵؽͣ
кӺŮӱͲ̫һ 
СС۾, ̽˵:
ôǽıȽϺÿҮ
ȻΪСǾԼƫ, һﲻͣתС۾֪ûô򵥡
ԣҲϲɫ
Сɫƫò, ֻǣ
Ҳ, Ҫһ
µЩˡ
һΧô
һ⻰ͿСͷųڴı鿴
ţҪҲܶĻҲܿӴ
С˸, 㿪ˣҾͲôˡ
ͷĲԼµĳ̶ˡ
ҪôʲôҲֻһ
СС۾תתش
ܵܣ˵ҵģģû˵ܵܵġ
⻰˵ɲš
С˵ͦϲԼܵܵģҲܻ뷨
Ҫ֪ճԼҵëˮԵŪ·ġ
ƽʱôСϵϵ·ô뵽ڵëΧأ
ôǵܵܵĶﶼ׼õİ
ۿԼС˼ȫԼǰزסСֻʵʵ˵ˡ
ðɣ͸Сġ
֪ˣ֮ǰǴųԵȥһǴһ𿴶ô
ô뵽
˵İҰСһֻãëأ
ԼڵĿӣֻǾôһֻӣҲûëѽ
ѽˣһֻӵëе١

СʱеʧֻӼš
˵·ģС硭
СҪˣҲ֪ö˾ǹҲû·ġ
СʱԼСִš
ϣôôϲ磿
ѽ࣬رëĸ硣
ں仰صǿһ¡
ֻڵëһĸСʶļ
ԵĸҲ࿩
ȻԸϵСǵͷ
Сô˵ˣΧҪģֻǣ
ҪǶһΧĻžͲ̫ΧҪϸһһŶ
ã
СûʲôģԼҪõ㣬ͺܿˡ
ר֯ΧСԱרĵš
ûþͰһŪˣ˺üᡣ
ʵڿȥˣֻίشȥɵ顣
ôȥСˣ
˼ҲԼºòã档
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣҲͲˡ
ĵŪôºõë߸ˣͻȻͲ֯ˡ
ôأһ⻰Сֺõ
Ūغԭһһġ
˵ô˵СŪϰ컹ӡ
̧̧ۣ޹գգͣ˵:
Ҹ㲻ࡣ
ôأֻ˿ƽ飬Լ㶨
ǺǣղŻôģ벻Ҫжۡ
СѾʼôȻˣֱӵ
֪ˡ
ˣˣһȥɡ
ҲΪֻҹ
ֻǸողϴ˾ͿʼڼĴε
ȥιӡ
ȥιܵܡ
ǰɹҳˣġ

СһٶشŵٺõƢҲҪˡ
巣ӣҪѰˡ
СҾˣΧҲ֯ˡ
Ϊʲô
Сûа취ͻجġ
Ѿ̵Լ϶ÿˡ
Ҿ㾫ޣԼͿ֯ΧС
治˵ģСǿɵģ֯ô룬ϡϡһ㡣
ҿôУֲ֣ԵѵȽϺá
Ŀ϶СԾԾ
УǾԼ
ȻСΪԼĵʹĴۡ
֯ΧɫͻҰɫϵĶÿ
СԼĽȴǣûУСϣһŤŤģëëһ
С֯ĹУָ뷨֮⣬ȫæ
ĳƷǿϲЦ͵Сļ硣
С㿴Լ֯ĵһΧԼúôš
˵СΧĲгǹ˵ġ
ֻԼǿˣСһֱһġ
رҪԼ֯ΧˣԼԼ֯ʱ
ӲģҲȫûĸġ
ֲôӰʹãԡ
ҪȻϴϵúɣ̬Ⱥܷܡ
ʼתůʱ򣬶ļֳҲˡ
ΪͽСüҵӶԼʼؼҵֻӷֳġ
ȳǮһٶֻ£Сģķַѡʮһ˼š
ԼһʼֻӶѣϾֵ׳꣬Լٺʲˡ
ŶˣһֻͷСרչ˵һֻ
⻹ʼ˳ȥѧϰëƤȵĸȫӹӹķ
ԭ˿о飬ҲһЩš
ֻɶûȤֱӾܾˣʵʵŹԼСӲġ
Ҫ֪ôһ飬ӣûô鷳ء
ڻЩڡ
ӵ굱죬طʱ򿴵ǮǵڵС˼Ͳ֪ȥˡ
鷳鷳ջͺÿѽ
Ǯۿʱ򿴽ֶ˳
Ͻͬ־ǮӸ˧
ѾԼָĳƺˣֻû뵽ֳС
ǮӣǿǮǿˣ
Ӷһ£⻰ԼҪôӣ
ֻܸЦһһ
Ȼٵתƻ⡣
ôж٣
ʮһëǮ࣬Եöġ
Ҳȥһ깤õĲѽ
Լʱ˳ӣͼﶼ׬ñȵһúõ׳Ϲ
ʵеͷĴˣµ׬ǮȻѡ
ֶµûǸдרעĿ䵽
԰㡣
˵ĺȻŵ˷ôȻ
һؿңñŤ
㲻ϲôСô˵ڡ
ֲСӣҺô
߶ݵͣһ£˼Ŀԡ
šô
ֻ˵˵ѣ뵽˼һ͵ˣ˵ȥĻܲ˵԰ɡ
ֻǡҪ⣬Ǯҿð
֮ǰǺ仰֪ô־ʱ˵ģ˸оٶˡ

 47 

ǰ˳󴹵, ߻ż鷢ָس°ͣü۴ЦĿԼ
Ǹɾ峺, Լ˵ʲôĻ
ɴ˿͹ôúõǣʲôҲýֵ񽥽
õͳԴƵʣ
Ҫطô
ǲŷӦ̫ԡ
ոյ˼˵ȰǮ, ˵úѡ
ϷϾͲ̸̸ߵظǱ˯ؾô
ĲӦöǾʢô
ô, Ҳôˡ
㶼ˣôϵĻô񣿡
ͣҶʮ, ϰɣ
Լô˵׳ɣȻԼϱǴôһЩġ
ԼӦûûеԵ͡ɣ
ôҲᰡ
һɲֽݵ԰Ĵ
ԼҲʮ, 찡ͻȻþϲ
ĪԼŮʮƻ, žемܲס֣
, ᡣ
ӦĻ, ѾԽӣֱӰ˾ôԼ
ദԽþԽ, Ů˾ϲ˵, һʵˡ
֪Լ϶˵ʱĻɴͲٶ˵ǰºˡ

˿֮, ȷʵʲôҲɲˡ
ҵӵǹһƬƽҲ쵷ĵĳԵģŷӴëٲȻʱһ¼С
ֻϽƺǲϰƽⲻǱֳˡ
һͽֻСأͼ϶ҴԼ
硢ɩǹȥһˣҪ˵
üɲǱʲôܺԼйصġ
ҲҪȥ
϶˿ֺɫÿɻӲͷƤ˵
ɩҪûʲô飬Ҳһȥһ˰ɡ
еˣҪ֪ԼһǽϱǻԼûš
Ͻʲôȫýȥ߶ģϽҵ˺͸İҲˡ
ʱȻţҲʲô¡
˼Ҷô˵ˣȥҪȥġ
ֻǼﻹû𴲵Сء
ֻСȲѧˣʱȥ
ڼչܵܡ
ֺϽҵʱһ˶ɫôÿ
϶˵д£ȴûɲš
¾㻹û˵Ҳ֪µĹƾǽɲˡ
̫̫ĵһۣɫһ˲ͺڳ١
ֻͶ˶ǹ˼ʲôҲû˵Ļ
ϵӺͶϱ˾ȿˡ
ˡ
Ҳûм⺮ѣֱ⡣
ţǹʲô£
ⲻǱ߳˵¡
ԭǽɲڸʦѧһԺ󣬵Լ˼·ҲʽʦʽԱ
ԭǼ£ֻǺþ
֮ǰһֱܵĶǳ·ߣﰲŻ˸·ԼͻҲû˾泵ˣͬһǸͲˡ
ȥͻ·ϵûʲôɲǻ·ꡣ
ھһСʱ˾ͣȥԷ˳ꡣ
Ϊһ·϶ͦ˳ģɲ˶ûʲôģ껹Ҫͦõģ˵ơ
һȾͳˣɲƽʱõĶͦģϾ̫̫ƫģأ
˼ҾǿмǮӣ׼ˡ
˵˲ź˼ھƾ˯ȥˡ
ͬеСӵûʲô͵˯һ
ɲžͲһˣ˯һԼǹŵģϻиŮˡ
ûӦм˳Χס˵Ҫ
Ȼǲܽɲô˵Ǽ˾һֱţýɲ£һҪǮſϷߡ
һЦþ
⵹ùߵľͦĵġ
С˼ˣ͸Ľѵ˼ҽ̽ôˡ
ǸȦףϽҵļҲûôɵΪè塣
رǽ̫̫ԼСӡ
һ֪Ƕأϴ϶ֱȥ
̫̫ôźӦӣҪЦˡ
˼Ҳ˵ܺȾȥô˭֪ǲǾƺԣ⻹û˵
̫̫һ𷴲ԼĻͲÿɫѿ˼֡
ϴϱʲô˼
̫̫ɫѿٴ𶼻һνӡ
ôˣ˵Ĳô˵˻ڴô㱨˹ȥˣǳ棬ҲѲ˸ϵɡ
̫̫һһֱվָ
ʲôʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
𻹰ͲǱˣֻһء
ѲΪ˺Ͷ˹ȥܲǮƽƽҪԼȥˡ
ۿ˶ҪˣϵϽֻӡ
ˣ˵ɡ
ϵǾҪȰѽɲźúôǹؼֻʲôȷʵ˵Ҳһ¡
˭֪¶ûü˵̫̫ͳˡ
Ҳ̫ûˣڶ˲ˣǵж໥˳ˡ
ϴ˼˵Ҫ˰ٲſϰŻ㿴ô죿
ˣô죿ǲϽҵôŲӣƨ¡
ǾͿŸóǮͳǮ¡
ǲУһǶ˵ġ
̫̫ﲻǮˣԶԼǮˡ
ԭǼҵĵù£黹ͦõģôһֱҪԼңȥһʰ̯أ
ԣʱһͿܸһŮɴϣ֪Ҫץ˭أ˼ƭǮѵӺ˼һŴʲô񡣡
ϴҵ˵ʲôأ
ǳĲ˵ġ
Ĳ̲סҪЦˣľҲ˵ģ
ǽҹЦģҿû
˵˼Ǳ߲ŽɲţͬеСӻ֪ͨϽҵǮȥˡ
ɼⲻ˼Ҳȱ½ɲҲԼλ֪¾ô˹
ҳĳأҪ˺ͳһúûҲǹǺġ
ýɲŻ֪ͬеСӵ˵·ϳˣޣϼʱ䡣
ϵҲ֪ʱ䲻ֱ࣬ӷ
ǮֱӳǾ˴Ҫ
Ϊ˰úôϴ϶Ҫһˡ
϶⻰ͷ
ɩɲԸˣ˭֪Щʲô˰಻ȫ
̫̫Ե˽ɩһۣ˵:
ⲻϴһȥô
ô˵Ͳ̫ˣǼ˼Լҿ۸ô
Ҳͨ˰ɣȥҲܱ֤ȫĺòã
Ҳòģƾʲôȥֱۣӱɡ
̫̫û뵽ô£ӻû˵ʲôأϱô
ϴ϶ô˵
ʱɲýֳһԳô죿
ҵġ
оһŮĵϴԼ˵
˷ۣǲ֪̫̫š
ڽһԱ˵˵ˣֻҪһеʲôԼϱֱšϵתһȦ
ǰˡ

 48 

ۿżŮ˶Ҫ, һ˭Ҳ˭ƣһ㶼ûúýӡ
ϵòѼеĽеȥ˵¡
ǾûԼʲô£̫̫ӲһԼҴ˲ͽȥ, ;ͦĵġ
ֻǰȵˣɩǱߵһѵĲ
ҪˣôܵҪ˼׬ǮֲϽ, ˭Ǯ˭ȥͺ, ˵ǲѽã
ͦȵ, ⽭ɲŹʾȻϽֲýɩվ̫̫һˡ
ԻݼѴһʼ;شһǣҲ, ֪ΪµĲɷء
ʱ򽭶ɩô, ˼ϻûʲô, ֻǰĿͶ̫̫
ⲻ˼Ҳ̫̫Ͱųͷˡ
ûּ, һˣ϶ϱ⻰¼˼
ʲô˼, ĸʲô˼
ʲô
, Իݼѻ˰ѻ
ɩǰѶĲй϶ѣƽ;ˤˤ, λǾͿųɲų£ô
⻰˵ϱ鲢ûʲô仯Եýɩӡ
ҹǮǼôԼȫˣ»ҪҼȥۣܿô˵ô
̫̫ԭ֮ǰǵ飬Ծûӡ
˸ԼҵţӲݷ
ǣһǲТ˳ġ
ɩĲҲۻܾˣҲں̫̫ɫӡ
԰Т˳ˣԼǺ

һ󿴿ҿͦζġ
˵һһҲ˭õġ
ìܻͦİԼͽɩ˻̨ڽɫɽɩԻݼѡ
߻ûأǱ߾Ѿ˵ˡ
ոջڳüŮҲ
ֿ˿ûж˵ʲôֻʾȻؼҡ
ҲȻصң·Ͼֱ˳
˵ô
½־Ҳûʲôġ
ֻȥ˴Ҫģʱ򿴿ɡ
ǵطԶԶҪȥã
϶ܻһҺ϶ͳ
аɣǡ㡭ҪǮô
һһٵʻЦſһۡ
ǡøô
ɡ
죬ôأҸ·ŻҪһİɡ
صҵʱ˱˵ŻƿžͿһīŵСǷɱ
һӦǶ㵽ǱԼﻳĶСôײԼ׵Ӳϡ
СǺںСҲôӡڽֵĿϡ
һСӾ;ԼĶһһģѾ뵽˵״õȥġ
ǽȻëСèˣ·϶ûٸɾĵطˡ
С·Ҳвīӡӣϻвֽͺüī
ڼҵС׶ʲô
С翴ǻˣһĿߵǰ
㿴ܵ!
С񲢲Լˡ
ڰѽ㡣
ƨīȫëĨǰң
㿴ѧѧˡ
ûüƢСѾˡ
˵˵ĻлҪ˵á
⻹ðɣҼǵС㵱ѧ˵ʱǴʻḻˡ
⻰С͵ǶԼĿ佱еСԺ
ô
еСô
һʲô
ͻȻԼôѽ
Сһ߶е㿴ˡ
Ҫ
ԣƤ񣬸ոﻹ˵һ໰š
һ㶼С⻰̸̫á
ȿȣ໰Ӧ˵ģҪǲ໰Ҳܰ˵ǲŽд֪
˵⻰ʱЩָؿС
⣬СȴȤˡ
ô
⻰ʵģǻô߼ܵô
ﲻǾͿСӺôôȥأ
Һ͵ܵܣ
ǲȻأﻹô
ǵ
˽ˡ
ʺϸ¡

СרעӺ⡣
С￴ǰɵĸӣԼĬĬرСܵȥϴϴ·ˡ
ҪԶŵϸ׽Ҳȫû˹ܣֻԼĬĬʰĬĬˡ
ǴкģǺûʱѡ
ʱҲַֻʣԼСˡ
㣬ŵܵȥϴˣٿԼ
СһҲûúġ
ȥϴ軻·ɡ
߲ߣ㲻ӦԼϴô
һСѽ
ʰˣĸ˺úܺúһ綼ʲô
С磬˵ɣϲôһôŪˡ
͵ˣҾȥܵûˡ
㻨û˵ֱСϡ
𴲶ûп˵ġ
СҲգֻǿ͹۳ʵ
С㶼ˣԼ˺òã
Сͣ鲻Ըصͷ
ҿСܻܵû𣬾˵Ա˭֪СԼˣܽңһʼֻҲҪŻֽһԼɲһͻëȥˡ
С˵߿Сһϵӡ
С˵ú棬СûʶԼĲԡ
㻭ĵܵܳģڰѽ
СԴвССһۡ
һѧ̫ġ
ϧС㲻ܶԷв״
㻹ҿӣƨƨأ
㲻һܴ𣿡
ˣҼС綼ѵܵˡ
СʱСƵһε̾
ðɣ˵ĸףҿһߵģͲҪҵĿӰ
СҲԼôĵ
Ƥôû˿Ӵôиоô֪Լˣ
һĴͣǴܵĳ߶ǲе
С绹Խ˵ԽԼо
˵Ҫǲ㣬㳤ˣҲʹ򲻹ô
ѾŮ֮ˡ
ôӺԾ˿Ůеġ
СԼҪ̺õܵܵ񣬾ôˣСٳпܾƲסԼܵˡ
С⻰һСûü˵ʲôʶӦ
ʵҪǶС㳤Ҫܻܵ練Ƶġ
ô
ҲҪ
СŮ͵ۣôܳڴƨƨˡ
Ҳ˵˲ڻһʲôࡢȭѧʱ
ֲᣬ˵˵ѣ²Ӧô
СԼ˵𾢣ý̾Ƹɾ·ˣϾתĿꡣ
ǵأ
Ŷأո˵ҪԶŵģѾ˰ɣ
ˡ
ʱԼҴӸոսŵŶûдڸеһ֮
ë͸㶼˵ˣʱץס϶˵
Ҷֽˣ
һصҾææҵģûע⵽ԼСûгԷ
һ⻰еż
ڶûôǣ
СһӾͱÿͰ
Һ͵ܵܶû!
СؽҴС
˭һ𴲾͹˵ģҶȥԷˣԼȥġ
ëԼֲŸȰȰȵ˵ͣչֳԼֵ顣
㡫
ëĻһڣСϾʹЦˡ
СһܵôãԼҲģ£ֻЧ̫á
㣬ҲҪ
СͷĺǶʵСᶨҡҡͷ
Сؽܲ
С⻰¶һı鿴

ȥͰ
СһʮײҳԣëԼڶٱˡ
СίˣԼ뵱ǼСᵽһ˿ζ
СԽԽѹСӶŹ
С翴ܵҲΪϵ¼ˡ
ֵСԲԲС˵
Сܣɡ
еСһӾйЦ׷ŽҲҪ
С⺢ӾǺܺú塣
Ǹոնе㻥˳۵ֿʼͺˡ
ֻëȫ֪ʲôԼһ֡
ӵЩ˼ԴӺͦغ
֮ǰԼҽڴӱԵԼֲϹٺʹ
Ҳ鷳ʱľ͵ȡȡ
Ҳûʲôͷģ⻹һЩ飬˽¸˼һЩë
˼ڼ˵Ƕʲëͺģôֻڼ֧ļݶΧģԻкܶΧġ

 49 

ؽ, Ҳǿǵķֳ
Ҫֻ֪һܱ߰ʮֻӦͦ׬ġ
ҵ·ҲֱǴƤ
ΪûëӬͷС, Ҳʱûǿۡ
˵һÿܳĲСëѣҪ鷳ؼӹһϵľ͸ˡֳë飬Ǻ˳ġ
֪µʱ֪ԼòЦ, ӵľһë
һһȻۣǻٳɶ, ֪ͦġ
ֳʽļֳģʽ಻Ƶĵطǿӵġ
ʶ, һҲûҪѵ˼
ڼ棬ĵİǹôأ
ǺôǼģҪǶ˵, õĻӦõ, ûõĻĴ, ԼôҲûС
治ִ˽ˡ
ȵ廧ʼϷÿʼչ, ӶûеʱµСֳҲʧġ
ڲһʱڵĲ
Ŀǰ͵׬СǮ, ԼĴҵ
Ժɵ, ôõóǮ
ⲻڰдӴһЩɢëټԼҼֻӵģȫһȥӰæ˴ֵϸĺüëߡ
ԼûʲôʱҲû·Щëߵġ
֮ǰͰƷȥ㿴ܲܰæˡ
ôҲͲȥʲô·ˡ
ǱһºʳصĶģҲԼĽ, ôĶġ
һʼȲǮôʲôļ۸ܣʱȥ٣ԼһʼµĳǮ
˵˳Űæۡ
ëԣҲûëߣҲɢɢȥˡ
Ǯ׬ò࣬Ҳȶÿһ˳Ǯġ
ΪԼĿǰǸ׬һ۵м̡
Ͷ£ҲôִģԼûгȥǰȫġ
سŴɲŵ飬Ż˼ҡ
Ǵˣ񲢲Ǻӡ
ǿżһ˴ģɽɲкûһôˡ
ŶԷһ˭ǷǮı飬еˡ
λǳֺá
һ֮²֪һʼȱ˾ǮûȥҲĽˡ
ɲŹĳӶ֪ˣſܻӰ쵽ɲŵĹɡ
սֵ˵ĿǰǽɲŵģǳΪյˣȻؼϢһʱ䣬ϢҲû˵᲻Ҳû˵
ε黹ȷʵ֮ǰ˵һһŮôһŴϣпҲ˵塣
ȽϺãҵüǼƭͬʽƭܺˣϴѽɲåɡ
ҪǶôѽɲŴ
ͦ潭ġ
һʼ˵˲ôôˣôܻù㰡
ֵĻشһӡ
Υ϶ҪģҪŹҡ
˵ʲôأֱ֪еԼ͵͵ǵСⱻ־ٱ¸ЪҪ˼
аɣ˵Ķԣֻǽɲ⹤㶪ô
ûȷ˵Ͳ㡣
ҪҲҪô˾ôͼ㲻ҪϺݵãǲ׸ô
ɲΪܳ;·жలȫͽɲܸʡܳء
߻û²أϽǱ߾ˡ
𲻵ò̾ĲҪ˵˻˵ʲôʲô
ֻƺĲ̫һ
ּң
ϽǱù˵½϶ҵʮһ˵ĴӣҲûκν͵˼ֻǸϽȥ
ԣĸʹھ͹ȥɡ
УȻȥɡ
˼֪ͨ˵ģֻոո̫̫һܣηּԼҲֲǮ
ʵûʲôֵȤýԼһȥˡ
Ͻһû¾һֱû£һһֱ¸µ
λΪ֮ǰɲһֱûϽʣټε顣
ýɩʶԼҼҰһԼҲһôûУԼһҪųǮǿˡ
ν־ͽɲŷּҪȽǵּҵʱҪ򵥵ö࣬ٲˡ
̫̫ҲǮûʲôҴŵ飬ûþͷֵˡ
ֻû뵽½̫̫ͽϵ˾ȻҲֿˡ
Ȼ˵ʲôģֻǽϵͽ϶һҹ̫̫ȴǺͽһҹ
ϽôķּҷʽǴһݵˡ
ϴҷֳȥԼ˾ȻֳܷԹ
ԭ̫̫᲻СӣһҪͽɲǹ
ϵ;Լܸɻ϶ҪҪĽ϶ҡ
ʵڽֲ£ֻôˡ
ڼִĶʱ˼ĵİ׳ȹ
˷Ʊݻʡǰٻ¥ġ
ȹõﶶ˶˿ͦ˼ġ
ҵģȻʱȥȹӡ
˵һ㣬ɵؿ˽ֺüۡ
ûʲôԵġ
ѽȹ˵ںǱеĿʽ
еǲֻ֪ʣ
˶Ǯ
ʮ顣
δǮȥˣ
γʲôʮš
˼Ҿôȹӻֻͦɵİ֪˵Ŀֳء
ֲԵصͷʣµǮóݸ
ʣǮ
ͷǰǮȹӣٿˣĺʣô뵽ȥȹġ
㿴ǸǸ˺ӵģȹô
ʵҲ˴ģϾ󲿷˶Ҫµصġ
Ͳô£ͷġ
üûڴ˴ȹӵģرǰɫȹġ
ֻùȹӷǰһ£Լʲô
ҿʡв˴ţʺ㣬Ư
Ҳ֪ÿҪܴȹӣҲԼòô
ھ˯¶¿ʽģȷʵȹӶûС
¾Сӵ·һЩ
˵رŮģþǴƵĿʽ
һʼҲԼԼÿʽ·ġ
ǻûежأڴ˵İУ˭˭˭ҵ·͵顣
ҪǺÿġ·ĺ˵ǵģһСĺױ͵ˡ
Ȼ˼ҿ϶ǲġ
ɾǻᱻһЩҪϹӵĸ͵ˣǲ֪Ӧˡ
ûб͵ֻҪˣľ˲ʽͬ·뷨
ʱ˼˵͵·ı̬ۣܿǶ·͵ˣǲɫ۾ġ
Ҫ˼ôͲ͵˵ľ͵ģҪǷֿʽģ֪˵öء
·Ǵڿĺôǣ㲻˵˭Ҳ֪ġ
һϵе飬ѾĬĬҪѽ͵ȹѹ׷ˡ
ֻЩеǲᶮġ

 50 

ۿԼϱȻ¾Ͱȹӵɵɸȥˡ
ֺǲ, ˵ʲôСԼСƱܽˡ
㿴ҵİ
еùСһֱԼǰĲƷ
ȵϲŷǸСһ֪ʱ̣
СŤŤķĲкü, ɫɫˡ
ʲôô滹֧ôë
˿˳֮⣬ûʲôرĴЩ֡
СԼûʲôӦеļˣæʾ
ҵСѽ, ģ

˷ԼңԶĻ䣬ż
⻹СҪѧ, ԼͻĵһͺرС
ֻΪСصΪİ, Сͱӵߡ
СڶûѧͣʱҲòϣ벻ﻹô
û뵽֮, ٴο, ̵ֹĴ
ô, ھ̫ˣ
һС˵ԼĴʵˡ
СҪôҲӦôò߰ɣ
ʵСԼĵһͦиġ
ֻǼȥ, ȥĵװ鲼Ѿݲɵĵزˡ
ûѽ, ˣֻǶ, ٸһɡ
ҪΪʵڲСûأ
˳ǣ⻹ôСǴ˼˾ѽ
:һ
ѽҪһġ
ԽӲʵ
ΪʲôҪһģ
Сȫûиܵǲ˵, شĺȻ
һǺҪһġ
ʵ̫ǵԭˣϾѾˣʱһһճַļëֻʣô 
ʱյֺ˷ܵ飬Сڻеӡġ
Լǿˣȴĥˡ
Ҫ֪ʶˣԼĶ̫С
ˮƽͽʵķ첹
С뷨
СҪλͨİɣֵв
֮ǰСС;ôСЭ
ҪҪʹҶһġ
ԼСѵôСҪôأȻֻдӦˡ
Ҳаɣ׼죬ʱͰµġ
¾ô˵ˣСҲС˸˵ġ
ȻӦˣСͰԼСûá
ڻСǰϸ˿Լľɰ
Ȼʱ̫Ѿе㲻ˣɻԼ첹üΣмɫһĺۼ
϶ĲջǺһ㣬Ҳ֪˭Сġ
żֺʵ
С֮ǰʱ˭ģ
Լѽôס
!
˵ѵҵԼղģһһء
߿ȻͦʵģɾЩбб㲻롣
û뵽Լ߻ˮƽôˣԼȴһǿǿ
ı̫ԾˣСԵĿ
ôˣ
ûʲôֻĸ׾е㻳Լѡ
̲סٴθȷϡ
Լģ
Сûʲôر飬赭дĸ˻Ӧ
ţ֮ǰ˶ûпҾԼˣû뵽ü򵥵ģ֮ҾһֱԼˡ
˵Խɣ;ԼԽء
Ҫ֪ÿһζֶԼܲףҲԼĸķ緶
¼ôˣе㲻ˡ
Ϊһѩǰܣܲû֪Ҳû⡣
Լ뷨Сر𡢹ÿİʾԼĻġ
ͽԼԼϾ
ȻûԼ֣Լˮƽȷ֪ġ
ֻǴԼֶѡ
ɼֻӣһֱǾҵҵظ˺ü̥ӡ
ΪСҵǮ׳
ΪԼô̵ذǡ
ǽĿǰСӶһͻᱻҲûʱʺϳԵӡ
ôĹ̶ԱҲֻС˺ܳʱ䣬Ϲ鷽ֻˡ
ȻʵҲֻӲԼ
ǺԸСֻӵģԼҪǺֱ׵˵Сǲͬ⡣
СһֻӺģڼļֻֻ
Լǰƣ
⣬жҲɡ
صغԼػص
ӣ˵顣
СڱȽϹӦԼİôü컹һ㶯ûС
ҵİأüˣ㻹ûô
ģѾмƻˣﻹҪʱ׼һЩ
ʲô
ʲôĲҪǼСҪģҲŪġ
ĳŵСж۾ðСۡ
á
ǵȻġ
΢ôԼıӣžͺܲҪԼĿġ
ģСֻСӸ㻻Сֻô
СΪô𷢳ԼС
ҺСӣһһÿƤëֻСܱȵϵô
СΪֻëϴһ衣
οÿԼ׼ϳС۲ݡ
ɲΪŵЩܸԼıȡ
ֻǹãҲһֻѣֻһʮֻһֻϣСҪǻ˵ĻСҪ
˵ٺСҲΪ
ҿɲСˡ
׷ٽ˵
˵òôǼҵӾôѽ
СôúŪСӣӵ˶֮ʧܵӵġ
ǲǻкüðģˣһСӶûô
ô˵ûԼһֱͦ˳ģҲԼĶӳԿˡ
Ǽøɾģһֱͦõô϶ĵѽܿ˾ˡ
С⻰￪ʼе㶯ҡ
Ҫ֪һֻӣëëģôʱûܸԼΧ֮ġ
ǺбҪġ
Ҳô׾¾ˡ
ҪʹСУ
һСʼҡˣʹȵشߴ١
ھȥô
ôʲô
Ϊ˸ѽ
СȻף֮ʲôϵԼԿʵʵسҷȥˡ
СһţҲųˡ
̫һСΪӻӵ顣
ϹĽֻؼҰæ׸ӡ
СͬˣǱ߿϶ûġ
ǲĴһԲżָСú˵ϣĸԸͬ¶ѡ
ûʲôˣҲͲˡ
Ҫ׻ҪƤúðСǸҪˡ
ֻԼʵû취ô̵飬ֻðˡ
̲ס׼ǰһٵѵ
ǵðɱٰƤ
֪
һŪٰ
ʲôأ֪ķİɡ
Һ˵ƤӸãҲİá
⻰Լϱǲ֪˵ʲôˣ﾿Ǹʲô󣬻ѵԼô
ȻЩ²ҲֻĬĬ߶ˣ𲢲˵ʲôĻ
Ҫ֪СǺģŽֿɾͲô˵ˡ
ڶż˺ͺӿǺ˫ġ
ӵʱﻹǳСӵεġ
ֻʽӵʱſƵζһӾ;Լոǵ΢ĩȫԶˡ

 51 

˾Ǻֵ, ŻŵĶģȥʬͬģȻȴ⿺õͳʳ, ı仯
С˵ȥС϶ǵ˵¾˵ģ˻úһȦֱ̫ҪɽŻؼҡ
Сؼҵʱ, ߵԼҸѾŵӼƮһ˲ԾҺζ
һԺžͿԼԺ˸שںõļ滹΢΢˽ɫ͹ⷢĳֻŵ⡣
ǹɹ˵ζǴɢġ
СһԵС, һרĵˢŷۡ
СԼһֱڲͣڵĿˮ
, ʲô⣬ѽ
С̧ۿСЦЦϵĶһֱûͣ, ش
, ˵⡣
ӣ
ѽ
С뵽ԼǰԼ˵Ļ, ɵһľš
ǰԼ˺þõֻӰɣ
ģǼİɣ
Сһϣ, ڴʵ
ģҾһֻŶ
С粢֪ʲô, ʵʵĻش, ֱӴĻ롣
СеżԼͳţôԼˣ
!
Сеĺ￩һ, ǿװ򶨵ػӦ
ӻʲôô
ӣ
ؾԼ׼õֻСӡ
ŶŶôˣѾѡֻСӵרˣȥɡ
ôأ
СҪˣӦһֻӻֻСá
ҲܽܣһصҾͿԼһҵѾˣıѽ
ҪȸС˵Ҫɱ˳ԵĻСδػͬ⡣
ԾеҲǱˡ
رҪһǣ׼Ȼһϵˡ
ѾǺȲģɴҲͲԥ
ֻǾĿǰԼĶҪʦˡ
ҽȰСȺƹȥ⡣
ӣ߻Ҫ׼Եģ㿴Ҫȥһٸ˵òã
СԼú˵һ˵
ǡ
ûиᡣ
ӣȥ棬ŵζˡ
С⻰ôذСʵԺȥſˡ
ʳԣζһֱͣ꣬Ժӡ
ֱСѿɿڵⶼԽˣҲûֻӾԼ
ڶСչȥԺӵʱ򣬿ֻֻСӲ𣬱˵졣
ҵĴûˣ
ǵģ컹Եͦġ
ҪǲѻãһСԼرԲ𣬴һ𸶳ӣԷ֪جġ
ؼÿòݵǷ𡣿ǵøԷ⡣
ҡҡԲС硣
СԽԽѹĨĨ۾鲻Խˡ
ëȫ֪ʲôһãȻؿԼ硣
һëͷվžͿʼֶԼĿӡ
һʼڳ׼ССͣһں˵ġ
ɻû˵仰Сԣǿˡ
ϴҴҲԼ֣ܵ⿴
ǰһʱֵľëضǼɿһĻ
һʱ仹ûӦͿСﻹˮȴűﲻסЦݣǿ׻ðһݡ
ⳡס˶֪ηӦˡ
գգգգۣ֪Լϸðڳʲôı顣
ôˣǣ
ë޹ӣǳķֻͷԭصСеҡڲ֪ԼһӦʲô
СһֻԼĶӣһֻȭԼĶͷͼԼı˵
СƿЦı飬ﻹЦʵе㵣ġ
С㻹ðɣ
Сͷʱ˵
˳ؿ£ǿ˵ػ
ܵܡܵܣոաڡڷƨ
ͲˣܺЦô
ܷܵŸƨʲôЦģ
е벻ͨ
СıȷʵЦ㡣
ѿӷƨ
ǰְԼСԲ۾ë̲סΪ
ǼëֻǷƨʱ򶶶ԼĿɿѣûѿӣɲҪ˵Ŷ
ǿܵǸҾ뵽仰ˡ
СʱıʵеѶе档
޻Ц
СʱҲˣԼСӣվ
ҵĸӦĵģѹ鶼ˣ˲ˡ
ǰǣԼ֣ܵܵԼͷȥĶͷŵСԹ˵
㡣
һΪĪĸ磬ëԼпϵۡ
ɵ
ɵأûûС
һֿЦʵ̫ķˡ
ԭûг͵СԼʱܳһͷţ
ܳԷôҶӶˡ
ˣˣҪˣܳˡ
СǣȥԷˡ
С㿴ŵܵܣﻹҪŪ㶫
СͿˣеϤĶ
⣡
ѽصµһֻȡ
ʵǼ˸ͳԲô࣬һúͶһ֣Ƭú΢ɡ
֮ǰ˵淽ģͰʣȫóСװˡ
С˵Ǹ֮ϲͦĵġ
һΪܸСء
ղǲǾΪ޵ģ
һ㡣
С뵽ԼղŵΪе㲻˼
𿴵СѾóԼС𣬷ԼİгԵġ
Ѷʰĺúõģ׼ŵӡ
û뵽СôļֻܸϽ
С극󣬻ϳŶ
СʱеȲˡ
ȥС硣
Ҳ֪СļԭֻҲĲëš
ȥϴ·ܵܽвУһˣٳſô
Се㲻鲻ԸشӦ
š԰ɡ
С˵Ĺ²ó
֮ǰССոտʼѧֲõʱΪ˶ǣĽ·ʽ
ڵСѾϹµˡ
ԾСͲϷʽë˵ˡ
С߹˼һ¾Ϳʼݽˡ
ǰС㣬Ҫˮ裬ѽѽξ͵˽û裬ѽε˺ô
Сһ˵ʱһ߻ë
ûУ
ԣû裬Сѽε˺ô
ûС

ôԹëء
ë˵Щˣյҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪
СԼ֪ˮƺ˵ˣʵ벻¾͹˸䡣
Ͱ߸ױ衣
ţ
ȻСҵ裬˳˹
ף
ﻹһͣ嵽ƣƤ΢΢̡
࡫
ˮһëĶǶ
ۡ
С˵µЩ֣Ҹоܺá
˵꣬ҰԼͣȻҡҡͷԼĻнѡ
˿ë
Ĺ˵ˣҪ˯ô
ë˹·ӵؾٱˣĿŸ硣
Ҫ㡣
ëô룬ʱСҲǰԼĲ湴ˡ
Ҳ룬ô˵֪ǹǾܳˡ
ţ署¡
㽲СеĹ°ɣǽº˯ġ
衣
ԣҵĹ»ûҶأڸв֪ô˯
ëȫ᲻С˯ģһ
磬ꡣ
ã˻û˯أڻҪԼ
С˯ԼܳأֻܵؼңԼܳˡ
㳤Ҫǵøĺѽ
»СԼٺòĸˡ
һ֮СɹİԼ˯ˡ

 52 

ڳֹ֮˰, Сõõı
ֻûз𵱳Ӧرʽ
֮ǰǸء
ΪʲôͽĿࣿ˵õĻúø׼ÿأ
ʵǻ˺ܶ˼ģֻǿǵòôȫ档
繹˼ʽ, Ҳǵȵʵʲʱ򱻸֪ŷһֻӵƤǲġ
еˣ⻹Ѳ
ԾС˸Сżȡ
ҲֻһصĲˡ
ʧ˵ô

𲻽˵򶨵عŪ
㿴ѽоϲŶ
СŷԼİȷʵеĹĵġ
;һë׵Ķ, ۾һ
ȷϹԼϲ
С׹
ϲ
ҲǿﶼôɰӣСű˼ҵĹ۲뵽ġ
ԭԤĺܺ, һƤŪģľò档
ϧǷ, ʵǹǸеģҪϲֻܽˡ
ĿǰЧǲġ
ϲ, 㿴ͷ, , ȵòеС
Сµֵ⻹Ǻ, űģˡ
С翴˿ԼðɵĴܵܣٿԱ۰Ͱ͵Сܵ, ҡҡͷ, һҲףʲôġ
ԵϲԼΪôһĲͬ
СĿһװ, ôָµģ
һ֪СİΪʲôôеºۼ
ֲһʱ䣬СװİúõģСѾˡ
ҪܵĹ̫Ǻ˰ģҲһϧԼٸɻʼ
·ܱǳɫĲô಻డ
СѾ·ˣҪ׼ӣڼﵽ

Сܼſʼˡ
ʱͼСͼҲ˵СӿľͿˣòôࡣ
СԼԼңȥ˵ʽԽöԼˣСڼԼǺбҪġ
ҪѧԺܶʱ򶼹˲
ⲻһҪúýаϴ
СѾϰΪ˶ʼëͳʲôˡ
Сڿһλ󣬿ǰĸѾʼ˵˶Ҫʲôˡ
ֻһԶż˵ۡ
ߵûˣתͷŲ˵ôǵС磬Ĭ˾
֪ˣ㣬´λעġ
Сôأֻ˵һ䡣
ͳʲô
˳Ƽͥ⡣
С߸ոհԼѹ£ϸҲʹˡ
øСŪ˸żǲҲҸСôһ
ϾżܿŮӴӼ굽ʮ궼յ϶ĵġ
С벻ҪһֱСż
Сؿһۣҡҡͷ
һֻ棬ΪʲôҪǮŪٵ棿
ľúܲʵã֪Լ͵ܵô²Ȥ
һ㶯ҡûУٿԼҴһͦĵӡ
СӵʱеѶ
СߺȤһһ࣬һ汦״̬
ùĹģҲëëô
ͦѽ㣬Ӧþɨѻ
ɨѻ
Се㾪棬ָУ
ʵҲ֪ʲôֲϳġ
ſǰɣͦŹβͲݵġ
ѽ
֪ҿɨѣɹʱͦġ
ۿĸ۵ô𾢣Се˵
«ɣⶫûôã
ô
𴫵ݴϢ𴩵һ졣

С˼Զ
ÿ춼ԼС֤ԼȨ͵ļҳ
СĿУֻܻˡ
ˣýղŵĻǺеġ
СȵµʱˣѧȥˣҪ֤°ܳŵѧʱ򰡣ɲٸµˡ
ת̫⧲Сһõ
û⣡
ֻ˵˵û뵽СĽúñ浽Сѧ
ССѧǻֶѵһ꣬ȻͬʱҲǡһꡣ
һжԽԽõĵ·ǰ
һԭţסĲȺõƽ
һжԺܶ˶Ǻܵ߸֪ģ϶Ϊɷֲõ˾Ȼƽ
ֻǾЩٶۣҲȥ
һжԼû̫ϵ
ŷŵļˣǾеɵۡ
˵Сȥͷ棬ҲûЩʲôĽӴ
֪Щ˳綼ָݡ
ûǰãԻʲôô뷨
Լͨͨһˣ򵥵
˼ҶˣҲƽ˵ݣ͵ͨھˡ
λȽɣ
Ҳǻָ߿ǰףǰĸոƽˣȥǸѧĽڡ
λǾĽڵģλǰҲصĴѧν̡
⼸ȻˣǶż־ִٵģҲ¡
ɼʱľЩ˵Ӱ컹Ǻܾ޴ġ
ֻǰк
ȺˮɣŰ
ǲ⣬º͵ˮ
лл̡̣үүǿɡ
λĽڶʮҵͣ˻ǷޣŮճ̡е
ͬʱ˻ǽˡ
Ҫ֪ƽԽԽ࣬һСȥǺܴ⡣
Щһſ֧࣬Ź˵ӵĶǺġ
ʮǰ鷢ʱģܾô࣬Ǻúõسˡ
˵еһϣСһ
λΪԭûŮҲѾƽˣѡ
ҲʮԸġ
ֻǶѾƽˡ
ţǱߣô˵ûƽĻӣʱҲ̫ʺϴȥ
ֻ÷ڴס˵ôҲֲ
СԼԸ⣬Ҳûа취ˡ
ֻһߺ±ܾһʲô֪˾ôǿװ
ۿżĴκѡ
棬ֱ˵ǵĿġ
̣еҪ鷳㡣
𿴵صˣ˿æʵ
ʲô鰡
ȻѾˣλԭ˼ἰĴ˾ͽӹͷ
ģⲻƽôھ͸ʱؼȥ顣
Ǻ°
Ǻ£ǻ֪ȥǸʲôء
Ҫ֪ôͻȻɺ໵ˣȻһֱƽһ̵ĵ
ƽˣǸо͸һЩš
ﻹЩģԾʹѷ¡
СҲûʲôˣҪģȻȥһжźٽȥ
Ҫʲô⻹ҪٻĻҲʡСӸرˡ
ż˾ȷָ´ˣʶزȫš
Լûоһ鶼Щᡣ

 53 

Ҫססһʱûʲô
Ͼ֪, һжǻõķչġ
ҲԸǣԷ˾ôĲ⣬ӡ
ĺԼҪС, ǳܵġ
ֻΪҪԼ
鲻Լܾġ
ǰλ⻰ɫһ䣬ΪǾܾ
ʵҲʹ֮󣬲ġ
һʼ̬Ȳǲһ, û뵽
ɹ˲Ͽǵı飬˵ôһ仰, ͳﺰ
С㣬һ¡

СӦʱԼԼ˻Ч
ߵ￴ʱͦġ
С磡ôˣ
СǰŸոո˵ûпյɽȥһġ
û뵽ھ͵Լ, ǰס֡
ۿС˻ˣ𲻵òԼĶӡ
С
ͬʱʾϡ
СҲһ֪˼Ҳǿ̫, ûעġ
үү, ã
ú, Ҳá
˻شЩĲɵ, ǵ˼ոյ档
Ҳûдʲôӡ
ССҪڼסʱ, Ļ, ϶Ҫ˯һŴϵģԸô
ҪסԼҵĻ϶ҪСһ˯ģҪСͬС
ôѽ
С⻰ȲľʹӦ, 붼ûһ¡
һȥܵô
żӣЦŵͷͬˡ
ʱҲͷ̼ˣǵͷͬˣŸСݡ
Сˣֻʣ¼˵ˡ
ˣСͬͿˣûġ
ŷӦǴӦˡ
̫ллˡ
Ȼ˵ӦˣҲٺֱʾʱ䡣
û£ֻǴСסô
ҲʹģţǱ߲ʺסֶǻûнӴģ˭Ƕġ
֮ǰһֱ֪СͦõģСԵġ
ҪǷҵĹǣԼ˵סǻû뷨
Ҫ˴ŸСԶţͲ̫ȫ
÷¡
ȵصջԼķӣжźˣ˰һˡ
˵ʱ֮ǰѾ˵ġ
ҲΪ¹ģϾ׼ˣȥ㰲ġ
˵꣬˾Ȼȥʰ
ȹһСʱֻ֮г̺үүˡ
һߵˣȵڵˡ
λصذѷùġ
ֻ˿ǵݸԼǷģ˼·֮ûԵСҲˣԼĶҲࡣ
ˣ·ҪüɣǿҲû׼ʲô
ϴż־нЦûж˵ʲô
·˵ɣ鷳ˣСʳѡ
ǰݻϼһСɢǮ
ôҲû˵ԼİõؽӹһֱԼǺ˽һ͡
ڿЩǰʱǻġ
ʳѾȲˣ·ҪǮĶء
϶ûʲôڵĻӦòԵġ
ôǿӣҲʲôʳġ
ȵһ°ɡ
װһЩƽʱСԵıӣϼˮǴš
һӼææҲҲʲôʵģֻܽ׼
ҲûʲôóԵģЩϰɡ
λһʱ̫Ӧ⣬ƾܡ
ãСѾǺܸмˡ
Ҳ˵ʲôԹԵװãǻ
·ʲôԵģϵô󣬴ϰɣҪǹⲻȥСʱ򣬸Ҵز˰ɡ
׳ʤɹˡ
ϵķҹʱ䣬ڶһ֮أ֪ͨһ
ҪǼסһӣѾͬˡ
ûýżὭ֡
ûУ֪ͨһ
һֱ˼Լϱػ»ˡ
һʱ䲻Сӣʲôʱ˵ˣҲһʱûӦ
㻹ͦԹǱ䱧ԹĻ˵ͦио
飬ԷʱС˵ô
˵ˣҲҪڸ˵һвסһѣƴҪġ
Уﶼ˵㡣
˵ŻͰѵŲ°ѴԼ°;͵ļϡ
еۡ
üѵĿʾӡ
Ҫ°ҪͶô˵ء
ֻѯʵ
ôˣܶô
黹ãǽö಻õһֱе㡭
Լ֪һжǻȻģǼҪ쵼˵Ļӭȵһϵе顣
˵д̫Ϊ˵ԼھϴʱҲǸˡ
ǽֲһһȷʵǲСĳ
ֻԼһĶֵص飬ܶҲ͹ˡ
ֺЩһû߳ȥЩһථø࣬Ҳĸࡣ
ܶ˾ϲϹĥ˿
Լû黳ġ
֪˵ͺúܶˡ
ôһ˶ǺúõİһֱúõģҲò˵еˡ
ŵСɵеί
ǹһΧСתô಻õϢڼơ
ѽоͻȻ˸Сϱ
ԼͽֵڻһֱĥϵĹС
״̬̫ͬԼϷӵĽ׶ˡ
ΪԼǰڵһ飬ýڶż顣
ҪǿʲôʹصͿʼ뵽֮ʲôǷȱ
ֻߴˣǱȴôˡ
ؼҪ̸黹ҪСӸӡ
ⲻ˸ոս״̬־͸оԼĿӱ˲ͣ󳶡
ͷһԼСڶ֣˵߶֮Է͸ˡ
ëȫڷӲԼ˵мˡ
û취־ֻܷſתɫÿСӡ
ëôˣ
㲻Ҫ裬ҵġ
仰ֿɾͲӦˣСӣϱɲóȥ
ôˣ
ë֮ǰСѾݲˣ˯ĵطͱˣֺм䡣
ĸԣëϲ
ֻûԺӵ飬ҪʱС
һҪ˯ĵͲһˣëȫǺܿԼ
˯ʱҵģˡ
˯ʱﲻ˯ô
˯ʵˡ
ֶе㻳Сǲǹˡ
ôأ
ϱ˯ģԼ͵ߵġ
ëмʱ򶼼ְڻԼ֪ʲôʱͱڴһߣſʼԼġ
Ч󣬵һϾͿֺ߽һ
Ȳ֪ãԴ֪ϲһﻳԺ
ë͸оԼľ˯Ķôˡ

 54 

ϵͷֺֽͷѾæˡ
ѽҪҰæô
ô, ǹ¼Сˡ
ȻסˣϣܹһЩ
һ𴲰æ£õȫûбҪ
С, ô˯һСǶûأ˯һȥǵġ
ոջǰջķܿվ
, Ҷϰˣˡ
ô˵ǲɡ
ʵС֮ǰҲÿ𴲺æġ
СӻҪ˯ܳø, ̫磬˺ܳʱ䡣
Сϰûôġ
Сһֱ˯ʱܺõ, ʱ˽в
ʱµʱŻ
гԣССһͿ϶Ҫȥأ
СҪȥС𴲰, Ǵˡ
ʣ, ǰִ
, ڵС
ͦϲζСġ
ôĿڸкζ, ζͦġ
ֻ֪Сӵķûǳ̫ࡣ
Լȴÿζ, ûͿʼϻ, ﶼкüˡ
Ÿոպת̲סˡ
ҲˣԼϱƽʱԶûرƫá
һζģͻҪһֱԡ
ֱԼ, Żָ¶մ״̬
λ治뷨
Ҫݱǰ첻˵ôϻô
ٱ־ܾϻô졣
òʲô⣬ȡһ¡
ϻѾˡ
ֻǽ¾Ͳô˵ˡ
ǲУ˺໹еͱˡ
аɡ
ҲǿϿǺܺ˵ġ
ֻԼĬĬ룺㲻ȵҾԼˡ
һһת򣬾֪ʲôˡ
ҲԼ۷һǺġ
˼Ҷ˵̶ˣԼ˻Ҫӵġ
ֻεشӦˡ
֪ˡ
ֻԼԵûܳԵͿʼĳʳ
ҪԼǿóԵģͻһֱš
߷˳ʰԼ˿С顣
ȵʱˣŽС𴲡
С˵һͿСͦһܿĵ顣
˺ܿ쾫ȵģ𴲻Ҫһ״̬ȫһ
Թ緹֮üСһѧȥˡ
ԭŷͺСһ֮ǰֶǴʦﳤġ
ûʽѧУϹѧɸСһ꼶ĿӦûǺɵġ
ʵڲҲԺСһΣһ꼶
ûɲ˼ѡ
һѧУСŷһ꼶Ľһˡ
պڷȺһ꼶Сͬѧǵһνҵ
ȷʦϻһҵûзȥ
СҲûյԼȥҵ
˭ҵС˭֣ҵдͦõģʦôǵðûء 
ʦû˻شһ飬ָؿС
˭Сѽ
СڵעڷϣһֱС˵ûйעʦǱߡ
𿴵ʦָӣҪٴ˵ˡ
Ͻקһ»ͼ˵ĻС
Сʦڽ㣬ҵ
Сž֡
ʦҵģ
ͬѧȷôǰĻûСŶ
˵ʦɵöһ£ע⵽ѧֲǴնˡ
ƽʱϿζͦһӣû뵽ܴô档
ôأ
ѽҶССңǽ
СԼļڻڱϡ
ʦĵڶ⣬ûע⵽Զ˹ˡ
Ȼ֪ôдԼĴأ
ʵϸոѧõСӺٻдԼֵġ
ҵ֮ʦڿѧһʱŴдϡ
ֻСŷѧЩһЩ򵥵֣кܶ඼ǻῴдġ
ҸоãԼԼ鱾ҵ϶дСˡ
ûͬѧһŶʦæдŻ
СȻҹִΪԼûд
ҵ֡
ʦҲСӶ磬ֻٴѣԼҵˡ
ͬѧӦսֽа´עⲻҪдˣҵûȥɡ
ʦ˵Сˣǲ⡣
ҵŵŵܻԼλ£̲סŷԹ
һֱСģʹҲСģΪʲôôд
СдСǻ⣬նˣľ֡
˭㣬ֵģ
Сһ߼ġ
һ˲һôְҲӦøô
Сϼ꣬ǺԾΪСɡ
һһգǸյģҲǲһģҶġ
ΪʲôѽҺﲻһô
սѽҶǸŵյġ
ǶˣҪô죿
⣡ҲûпǹҲû⡣
Է˵һسٵˣֻͶˡ
Ҫѧؼҵʱ
аɣȻֻ֪
ĴʱףǺСԻ·ġ
СǳΡ
СѧȻһЩСرġ
ڷѧؼҵ·ϣһҪǣСС˵֡
ҲֻǨˣмСıĻֻ֣ĵػؼҡ
ëڼ»СӱţԱ߻һֻڳԲݡ
ǰСӱţһԻһСˮСӺյӡ
ֱǼģѧؼҵСǿǰӡ
˸ӾڲԶ¼ϵëޡ
СصȴһСͷͶȻطźö

ſʼ˵ѧУ顣
ʦ˵ҵҵдˡ
ʦڿѧǰҳ˵øѧСʼӦԼĴ
Сһͦ飬Ҳ͸˵˼Σͦϰߵġ
ҲͲû⻨ʱӦû뵽ͳˡ
㲻֪Լʲôô
֪ѽСҲҵôôأ
ԭ˵ǰʱСҪӦӡ
СǼѽѽϵܺõ˲Żôеģдֽϻ߶Ųʱõġ
Сͷǿͬ˵
ҪǣΪʲôҲأ
֣
뷨
ѽһģ
ôһ˵еСĶأȡˣǲҪ鷳ˡ
СΪʲô뷨ֵͦġ
ղô 
СԼһʼ뷨
ǲ˵һ˶һյô
ͲͬˣȫôСͥ󲿷ֶǻһ˵ġ
˵һһأ
û˵һҪһѽ
ΪʲôҪգһô죿
С֪Լͽ㶼սġ
ȥһֱΪԼǽнСš
û뵽Ȼô¡
ҲЩ֪ôش漰Ҳ̫ˣڸ˵Ҳδס
Ҳֻһһֻشˡ
ɵĻȽ࣬ҪŬҺڣԾǸʹ
ﲻҲкôҾҲ۵ġ
С⻰˵ĶҪжᶼҪˡ
ллǼҴӡ
ǸգҪΪ˼ǵθеģϾôã϶ҵСĻգô֪Сأ԰ɣ
ô͵ĻСˡ
ԭΪȽϱ
ɲôԼСϲ
СôҲûҪ͵˼Ͼ˵̫ƫ
ڹҲֻܽˡ

 55 

ͷ궫ʱ, ͽѾ˵껰ˡ
Ϊ˴ӦҲҽд֣ҪЩʩġ
С, ԣСΪϰԼ㻹Ҫһ, Ժ󶼽Ĵ
֪һ£ɶڴȷʵЩϰ, ϾԳôԸı
Ϊʲô
⻹֪ôҪǺúдô
˭֪, ҵдԼĴ
عĹԼӲúõ־ôýˣССĲġ
С˼дϵ, ͦܵİο䡣
, С, СҲСѽ
˳ҲȰС, ʵСҲܺġ
С翴ԼԽĵܵܣûס˸ۡ
ֲС, д, Ҷ
ȥС̾һԡ
鲻õʱ򣬻ǳԵԼ 
ųƽ֮, ֿʼһͷ
ЭشӦһЩ֮ʱһЩСҪͻرס
ûʲôҲҪӲУ㲻ܳɹģɲ԰ײԣ
ڸʲô
ģĿģɾ衣
е㲻̫ã첻ѧˣܴܲȥ֣ɢɢģ
ʾ
˵ǰɣ
£ͬ顣
һóڴĿ⿴ӵͷĿԡ
һ⻰ԼһСܲͷȥϽô
ҪǰԼһھʹӦˣǵü꣬ҲǵΪӶСʹôˡ
ӦͻƸһλҳ˭Ӧ˭ȥ
ҪԼ˵ҪʱһȥʹǣҪûʱ䣬㿴һŮӿɴôСëŵġ
ڽûоܾһж˵ƽʱ˵һѵ˰ɣǳƪ۵ģԼӣӦܸ㶨ġ
绹ͦģСʲôȱƽʱҲû˵
ôȥϽˣ
ʵҪΪ𵽼һסڸԷԼ䣬ԼװǮСӣԼвǮġ
ϾԼסʱҪ뿪ˣԺͦټˣ͸
ֻ黹ûȷͲ˵
˲ǮǮ뻨
ɲΪжǮûиС㻨ǮϰߵģҲǹʱܴһǮˡ
õģСѹǮŪ˸СӣԼװˡ
ж٣ǹǼëǮô
˵ͦԺġ
вŶëһҲġ
һСӵѹǮģҲûëǮԼŸ˸ˡ
Ǿͳ顣
СͦԾģû뵽СëǮƣе㲻ôҪӡ
ȻƭСǮ
⻰˵ĽɲӦ
ûУëԼҵģҾȰܱܡ
⻰˵ԵòôŵӣϾϽȥˡ
⻹Ǵʵë͵СճľǸˣ˵Լʲô͸ʲô
ΪҲ֪ʲôãԵĳ⡣
Ű
ҲŲţ˵ʲôˣô㣿
ֱͦ׳ġ
СԼǺŪģҲΪãëҲ˵˸ģԲѽܵܣ
Сһëëë˽ԼһãȻ̧ͷ
磿
ëǮǲԼģ
ëСĻϰӵݹȥ
磡
ӣͻȻ뵽һҪ⡣
С˵ˣô죿ܴô
һֱΪԼģֻСô˵ҲһֱЩòݶѣѹҲû顣
ӣӦǴߵģԺҪԼúˡ
ʵĺ棬ôŵģҲôġ
ǿɲУ˵ں˺ԶĵطôҲ㣬ôȥأ˵ѾСˣ˾кöǮġ
ԺԼţҲﲻæˣͲˡ
ɲУ˵õġ
ȻһжԼ˵õģֻûܾܾѡ
ȥһֱСȻ뿪
Ҫ֪ΪݣһֱԼС˵ܺһ档
ֻҲںû飬Ҫ֪Ϊٸĳ鷳ԼĶӣæúܵġ
û뵽һ콭ɵ㶵ĴųԵģڳԵķܴһġ
ҪС֪뷨֪ǲǸԼȻϲԣǲСջôˡ
˵ӷҲûҪյġ
ôĽڣСԼҵİ취
С̫ˣͶСԼüСƨҲ
߷ͽûʲô
Ǳϵë߹˸ԲСصڿӵ۾ͦɰĵġ
ô뵽ŪĲʵû˷ëߡ
ڸСܵܶĽ翴ԼֵڳµĶĵһӦ
ǳԽģǴϵĶûʲôġ
⻰֪Ŀǰ߿»ûʲôгġ
ͷľǸĸ￪ŵļ꣬Ҳģ
ҪлᵽУгǺҪġ
ûôʱ䣬һĥúԼܸɵʲôˡ
⼸ôһ쾻ʹСˣǺĥ˵ġ
ʱͻͻȻԼͦնûģҪıС
žıԼһӻԵ뷨Լҵ
СûӦеҵģҪԺʲôȥԼСŬܶأ
ǰһʱﶼܶˣֻ߿ˣö˼Ҷ˲ټѼ֮ġ
ûҪյëǱˣԴͦģȥûӶ١
;̫ˣûйȥôϸץͶѵģɻҪ͵͵ġ
ջͦأëⶫܾء
պҲûоԼܲŸչСҵ
˵ֺͽļ䣬ȫûʲôͷ
˵˵ˡ
С˵Ҫ˵ĻͲܺһˡ
û£ܵ
ţǿ϶ѽ
ոպͷ˵ʱѾܽʵˣֻ뵽Ľʽˡ
ΪʹŶӵӣ𻻸ܴߵġ
һеķֻǻӦС
ھͰ㻻ô
뻻ʲô
Сҵ·һ·
ȻţҶͦչ˷ģûʲôȥȡϵģ·Ǵ˵·ùġвͬƴġ
Сոտëʱ򣬾뵽ˡ
ӻ·ûëѽ
ϾԼҲëúΧСӡ·ˡ

ֻ
ǿԣֻԺҪţҾʹӦ㡣
ӣ
ţʱӾͶҵĿ
аɣСײ˵ƣû֡ûӣ˻

ԳĬһϵ̧ͷЦԼҴӡ
ܴһô
˵ᶨΪ巣ǲԵģʱһԼѽǿԵġ

 56 

ԼС, û
˭˵꣬üëһЦЦĿŽʱ򣬾͸ܵĿۼϡ
ҲûĴ, Ҳֻڼ˵עУڽͷϣ΢ϵһ࣬͵ʲôû
ֻصҵʱ, ܵ˽ǰδеĻӭ
ڼôಽظŽ֣Ҳ˵ʲô顣
Ȼż, ֪²ǰ˵ùء
Լûԣɿ̬ȴ鷳, ɲŵʾĻᡣ
ڼſڣ˵ദĻᡣ
ĩżȫҹȥɣ
СβͶһ, һ֪ûԼϱͬġ
˵ô
㶼ûҳŹأ
ŽȫΪ, ǰһӡ
ֻ˵Ҳþû˰ɣ
⻰, ֻ, Ǻþû֣ʵǸûй
˵ϼ, ǲй, һط˾ͷֿŸԵϽɹ
Ȼöͼϻؼҡ
ҪǴϺӿ϶ͣͣǿ϶ǲһġ
ʱָûڼҶαСȵˡ
ֿǣĿջǴˡ
һ, ֺ˾ĸСܲͷˡ
Сֵǰ棬ֱëں棬һſƽС
ʵԭ뵽ϸģֻǽֲ֪ôĸôһϲ
˵Ҳǲ֪ﻹҪɽ·ֻҪһСʱСʱܵģҪ治ȥ
ͷһεëʱΪƽߵĴĸСʱʱ䳤;ýۡ
ĿĴɣ·һֱͦ˷ܵģ˾͹ԹԸڴߴسǵ
ʲôģ
ڴͽëʱȥô¥ߵ㡢ֵ༸ĵطһЩ
һ£Ѿûκӡˡ
ëˣôˣҶǵˡ
ʵʱСҲʲôûܳȥ䣬ҲҽԺһؼˡ
СһȥسҮ
Ȼȫûκӡ󣬵Ⲣ
Ҷûȥ
ǰ˵ˣ綼ûȥ
Ȼûȥ˵ܶӣسʵ㲻϶档
ôĻǸһ䡣
һϲ̵ӣû˵ôѽҪԺܿѧͿȥˡ
һæʾ
ģǻҪã
붼ûͻش𣺡һ꼶أҪɡ
Ŷ԰ɣСѧͶѡһѵ
СѧĿǰƵģϰƵģûע⵽һ㡣
ǵӦòָ߿ãСѧ͸ĳˡ
С粻֪᲻ϡСҪƵˡ
ֻ֮عͷԽ˵СѧУҲôһܿѡ
ԼܵܣʵڵܵһοԶûУͺŵӡ
ʵڲܵܵʱʧġ
·ëһֱڽֱ˯ú㣬ҳֵһ㶼ûӰ쵽
سǾܽȽ˼򵥵ʱ򼸸СǺ𾪡
ɲǶ༸·ֵͷӶô򵥡
·඼ƽ̹ģֵ߶ש߷ʱʱܿС¥ߵĵС㳡ֵܿĺĻ
ɽϻܳûôģûĴСر档
ֵ߻в廨ŵ̵꣬Ĺ㳡Զİٻ¥¥ߣСس˵׳۵Ľˡ
ٻ¥ܿĹֲ̨ͬƷൽȫҪָС
ȻĿǰǸûĴ帾ʵ˵رģС׳ء
Ǳֵú򶨣źܾеƷͦģôڼ￴
һ¥Ǵ롢䡢ЩģЩǶҪСЩҲûʲô̫Ȥ
һ˲ݲݿһȦͱ¥ȥˡ
˶¥棬Ծܿ˱¥Ҫ಻٣˶ۼĹ̨ǰЬͳҲв˹䡣
¥ͶֱֵͲ֮ġ
ӵߡľߴڶ¥ͲپһԼˡ
ͷСǾڶ¥䣬ԼҲǮˣҪʲôԼȥеж˵һ䡰ѡ̨֮ţ͵öȥǣסô
ס
һŸˡ
ͷȻҲǺڴ˷ܵģǱֵñСˡ
С֮¥ӱĹ̨ر̨ۣźŸϺʯȲƷƵֱͷۻҲвƯӡ
ŻͦȵģĿ껹ڽ䲢۵СӶѡ
Ҫ֪ڴ˻ǿſ̫жһ촦ʲôʱ䡣
ҶϰҲо飬ʱǽһ׼
벻ףһôأǲС
Ȼ˻ǸԼӰɡ
ֻͷСҲˣһԲδȵӣҲûʲôͼһӶҪǮ
˳ʴͼװεģҪ˿顢ʮ顣
оӦǺܲۻԱŵʱ䣬ʱᷢ塱ʾ
ͦģ˸ͨġ
ôǮڼϴëѹģҲôѡ
ʵľߵĹ̨ҲǱӡʡƤǦʺоռ˴
߹̨ǱҲͼһƤСܺҪϷС֮СߣΨһһ򻹸߸ߵİˡ
ߵ󿴿ҿѡ˸СľżԼ
ǷǮλ˼֮ǰ˼ǮʾСǮˡ
ԼҲҪͶҲûпĵˡ
СҲҪԼѡֻǦʵ˼һ¾Ϳˡ
СɲӦ˵Ҫͺõġ
Ȼѡʣڹ̨۵ģӢƸֱʿ϶ģѡֻͨһĸֱʡ
ΪǮҲëķݣѡ˱Сë
ԼëʺֽǻҪõģǰѧʱǴʦֽʵġ
֮󵽹ﲢûеֽģƽʱϰҵֽ
ѵõسǾ͸ɴϵǮȫˡ
Сѡöûãͽˡ
˰ٻ¥𿴿ʱ仹磬Ŷˣʹһȥա
һ˻ûĹȫҸ˵𲻾֮Ҳ뿪ˣҲܸС롣
ȫһһźüСһһš
ּ״˫ա
Ƭ֮Ҳȡģֻܵȼ֮ƾ֤ȡˡ
Ҳǿ쵽ʱ䣬¼СӶ͸ÿһӣ߻ؼҡ
֮ǰڼҲûӣ԰ӵʱ򣬷һͦȤġ
СϲڲϲƤСϲƤմ֭ˮϲڣëϲƤ˺մ֭ˮٳԵʣµıƤڡ
ʣµ˶˴ͷԵβķʽ
𿴿Լͽ֣ٿޣ治֪ôȻͬСϰߵġ
ŵʱǺ˷ܣԽŲ첢û˺ۡ
ؼҵ·Ͼ͸оҪö࣬Խ߽ŲԽء
ڻǰ˿ڳԵģҪ·ɾͼˡ

 57 

ֿøĿ졣
Сӭĵһεķֱ, ƽʱֺǺǵСǰӷߵʱ˱鶼ˡ
ΪСеʱ, ǻطȥʰȥˡ
λ˼ʹ˲رǵλѧġ
֮ǰ˵˸زû뵽ĴСش˲ٶ˼ôصشԶù, Ҳƴǵˡ
߼˰ĵ춼ˣҵûС
ֻȥ, û뵽ͿԼ۾ﻹͣȰ˵
ԭС÷ڷʰԼʱ, ԼŹһͦøľͷ濨סŰ֡
û뵽ԼҴӻܸɳϽŰ˷ų
ҪŴ򿪣
һСһӦƫͷȥȫ
ӴԼ, ҧ, ǿѹסԼŭ

㲻ȥ, Сſʼ֧֧
С, ǼҲô
Ļ˵̧꣬ͷһ, ͸ŵ, Ҳ֪ѹģǸŵġ
Щ̣ǿ϶ݵģܰ˹Լﲻߵġ
𲢲ôС, οأֻȰԼϵŸ򿪡
ԣСҪԼҵģϽŴ򿪡
С̧ԼСżʣҪ˵ǡ
𲢲ѻ˵Ļᣬ˵ʲôȰŴ򿪡
ɫڳڳģĺӣҲţֻܳľͷֱӴͰƿˡ
СҲ֪ʱ϶ǲֻԼסίͰ͵ؿߡ
һϵܺӵоú
ڷǸƢģʱ˻С
Сҵ˵ط͸дţҲܸһѽ
ССȻûжԼҲϴӦ֪ѳɶֻ֣ԼĨĨ۾˵ɲҪǣÿ춼Ҫд
дǿԵģطɲƱҲҪģ𲢲ΪӦСŵֻ˵ÿд²Уһᾡдġ
ۿһҪӦСһ
ǡ
Խ˵ԽƣϽ϶Իĥĥȥˡ
ˣʰ˾Ϳ߰ɣ˼ҶȺþˣʲô£֮˵
Ȱߺ󣬼СոյΪеһ㰮Ľ
İɡ
˶ˣСҲˣȻһ˵ı飬ƽ
һ֣֪ԼոˣȻһʼûô࣬Ҳòԡ
֪ˡ
㵹ǸɴúѽǴˣ
ϴٶԶô죬ѾϰˣСϴֵܲǮΨһֵҵ֪ϴµĴ󷸣ôϴǺעزظ
ʵȽϾĵС̫ˣһкӱȽ㡢ܵܶޡ
ҲΪڱ˼ҵ϶ڲϲ£ܵ£С϶ǳܼԱĹذ
С۾͵͵üۣȻеӣԼЦЦıȫ£ֻܶԼĽżʵʵԼ
ҰСڷǲԡ
ǡ֪Իô
ɡҺ᲻øߵġ
Ժ϶ö£ʱô죿ҪѧǳҪһ֡
רע˵ŴСͬ뷨ɺĲһ
ŲأҵļҾͶ
ҲʶȷԶŲף볢ֱζͦѵá
⻹ͦ
شĺȻϾԼʶˣ˷֮⣬ȷʵûصˡ
Ȼ
С뷨ҪǰŹȥĺе󲿷˾һطһһֱͶϤˡ
𲢲ǺСԺʵʵֵذ
ԺҲȥô
С붼ܻش
ͦ
СĻͦ࣬СԼԽС£Ѿʼģͦ˵ġ
ëʱ˯ˣûһҲţԼ·Ӷڣһһߵ´Ьŷȥ
ֻųž͸۾վڲԶڸǰͣ˵Żǰһ
ʵСҪ֮ǰ޵ģʱû˶ѣë֪͸ϽԼС֣СӣȸСϡ
ëֱĿܵ߳Ŀӣ迴ӵʱ쳤Լͼס죬ͬʱ˵ţ裬˵˵ˡ
ԭΪëһʱ׽Լеˣû뵽һ仰ǻСģǸ㻹ͦİ˭һڼҰ͹ˡ
˵һëȫ
ã
Сֻͬ˵ĵһСƣܿĵܵܵ֡
ܵء
ֱǱˣƵСǰڰ֣ٶ˵ʲô
ˣ˵ˣȥɣ粻ȥѧ
Ǻ˾ǣǵĸס
ͻȻͰһһʱе벻ԼҪʲô̫õһѻ
֮ǰǵðˣûвʲôԾġ
ֻǻ̫ˣǵصģһӾͰȫסˡ
ҲƽʱҲʶѹԼõһӲ֪ǸͻȻˡ
ȵֻصʱѾڷ˴״̬С
ֽʱͿԼϱǰֳԼ߶߶ģֲ״̬ôôԾ
ǰַ羱ϣ˳ְĦһ¡
ôˣ
֣еܡ
ʲô飿Сˣ
ҲСǺԣҺ£Сƽʱ٣Ҳ£ܾһǺܲϸĸףС˹ڷԺ󡭡
Խ˵ԽܣܲƵһӽŵ״ؿڡ
ֿ˵˵ʼԣһֱڰĦּ֣˵
ôͻȻô˵ĺܺˡ
Сܰ˹Ժпɱ˷ŻСһֱô٣ôʵʵã᲻Աп룻ëΪʲôôϲŸ磬һʱҡ
е״ôоĶ⣿
ԽԽЩ֪Լϸ¶ʲôı飬ֻ˵Լϱܻ󣬿ôͲõأ
Խ˵ԽȻ뷨ڵһʱѡ˱ԼסҲͣڰ
ҲҵĴĺܺˣ㿴ҲǲϸǸˣ˵飬ûµģܺˡ
˵ʵﶼŮڼСеĶںӷʱִһ١
ָΪѾĺܺõˣ̫ʱ뷨ǲҲ밲οġ
㣬һĲ˵㻰ί˰ɣҲſֵˡ
˵ʱ˵Ӧ
ʲôʱ޹
ǰѽ޵ġ
ڿ޸ҿ
ˣˮƽһСľͰԼˡ
һʱסˣʼǵԼܲܿ޵ó
ֱɫ鵹ƽ
侲һ֮ԼոЩʡ
εҲ𵱳һĻӵ뷨ȥԼĻҪ֮⣬ЩֵԼŬȥġ
һֱڼתûԼĳǼֲܿ£ٶǡ
ΪԼǰԼΪȥǿԼܶ
ҪԼȻǺӵ衣

 58 

ԼĪطйһ֮ͨ, Ҳ͹ˣŮ˵µ죬˵ͱ, ָҲǺܿġ
ֻÿع۲һ糣ˣʱͦģø졣
һ֮Сյеһ, ϼʺһˣʣµľǷĽ, йСĻ
ʵ˲дʲôֻС˷, ÿһ˶һС
ûõСдĻţͦģָоʮҳֽһ, ͦȵ, жְû뵽СĴʻôḻ
ô, С, û뵽ôĲɣдôࡣ
С⻰ѵе㲻˼, ʵûж, ϾСѧһ꼶ֶܶдÿд仰ҪϼͼܾܰԼ˼ȫ档
öǻ, ҾùдĸɰͰ͵ġ
뷨ûпǹ˼ҿöĶ
ĵʵҪҪѧô
ȻдŻõ˳ѧѧҲͦõİɡ
˭֪С鲢ģ뷨
룬ѧġ
ѵüСѧ϶Ҫֵ֧ģҶСİʵе档
㲻дҪõôѧʲô
ܸ˵ʱȥ˵˵ˣʱýҲͺˡ
ʲôʱ黹ܸԼ˵ˣеˡ
ʲôǲܸ˵ġ
šһ¡
̫ˣСԴ˼ӣż
˵ģҪʲôʲô͸˵ˡ
£ǲ֪
ֲôԵء
֮ǰѧ˹ȻͳˣûźóԵģȻԼĴ
СԼĺѸأͼΪʳֻûʵУΪ׵ĽѾǰֹʳĵ·ˡ
˵ʵôСҲҪӵСˡ
ֲСӣŲųԣ˵Ҳһġ
ΪǰصעС£ٵģСеƫ
ֻⲻ˵ǲҪˣôأ
СһжǸԼжġ
ûǮҪƱģ󻹲ǵø
⻰˵ģ𲢲ԼƽֻǮѽǮҲ֪ģ֪ʲôСĴ⻰ҲС
СʼҽֵϰߣҲֵɣҪ֮ǰ϶ƣҵԼµȤ
Ų̫õһȥ77ĩβ߿ָϢը˴ƽ
ݹˡ֪ࡢظɲԱˡӦѧȶܹμӸ߿ϴѧֱӵߵ֪ͨĿǰڶ֪õĻسǻᡣ
֪»ɺܴĳֻû뵽Ӱ쵽СѧϿΡ
СҵʱͦĵӣûûεģС絹еɫء
У˵ڲȥϿˣüλʦϿΣ˵Ҫμӿԡ
СһԲ˵Ǹ߿ΪѧУüʦ֪࣬һűͲѧУϿˡ
Ҳܹ⣬˼ұǳˣ֮ǰǻسǵļϢڵͦģ˵ôȷеĹٷ֪ͨˡ
ֻЩģСĻѧϰ
ôأĻѧô
Сҡҡͷû̻ʦѧУȥ˼Ҳһڸϰ߿ȥˡ
СҲûƬؿʦ:ʵҲʦУ˵ҪʱһµģܻϿεġ
⻰ҲԷǾͺãҲþ͵żˡ
Сһͷ
СЩ˵֪඼ȥϹˣ
Ϊѧֱӻؼˣû뵽ܵȥ
㻹ȥˣ
ұëһ̵ģǴеҵģҾͻؼˡ
Ӧʮ֮Żῼԣôʱ䲻ϹǴʲôȻҪǿˣͲҪ⣬ҪûȺ˲Լɡ
Ҳһ룬ǸԼϵҲˡ
ǵ飬ûҪԵˡ
˵ؾţ飡飡飡ܼеӡ
ɩڼôɩ
һⲻԻݼѵôԼûʲô飬ϴνɲŵ͸Ӳˣƽʱ˻֮䶼ûʲôɫġ
⶯ôװûҲУСŵܵȥ棬Լȥ
ֻ˰ţ̽ӿˣϳһЦ
ãʲôѽ
Իݼƽʱ˭ͦߵģʱѵ¶ЦݣеＷĶ
ɩҽݰɡ
ϧôԼ
ǲô죬ôվ˵ɡ
Իݼѿ̬ȣҲʶ֮ϵôãֻҲֻܺƤǰս
ɩ˵ģҶһ
ôԸӲҪάЦӣĺһ˵Ĵ
ʲô飿˵Ҿ͹ˣ˵ҹҲӦ
̬Ȳòȴ
ɩӦ߿ָϢ˰ɣ
ͷͦɻģԼʲô£ھһСѧҵֿˡ
˵ͦģ㿴ܲܽЩ飬ȻҪһǮҲС
ԻݼѱֵĺܼУʵҪû취Ҳġ
ֻЩƫԶȵҵõϢʱ򶼹ȥʱüˣֻҪЩص綼ˡ
£ԻݼһϢȥسˣû򵽣Ҳȥˣܶڶʼиļȥˣе鶼ûŹ
ֲ죬Ƣˣ˹ϵöãҲûҪȥҲֻܴ취ˡ
ҶСѧ˵϶ǲٵġ
Դһξ֮Ϊѧڣֶ϶ٵ顣
Ȼǲȥ˵΢ע˻ֵܷģΪڻע⵽ˡ
ǵúʲôǵһ߿صϣöôû顣
ҪԵģҼû顣
ԻݼѾûĻʶֵˣʱ򣬿϶ѡģ˵ɻմߵġ
֪ܶʵڶЩħģһϣƴץţҲڲͶҽ
ѹˣ˼ҼȻ⣬ҲͲ˵ش׬Ǯ
һһǮԼѡ
ȻԼ˵ǮԻݼѻǶôֱ׺ĻﻹЩմ״ʵĹϵӹֲøϽǱߵĹϵ̫á
е˾ò˵ʱ򣬾͵ûݣõõ˵ʱ򣬾ϣ˼˶Դ
ɩǲǲ̫ãĲҲǾôһëǮòɡ
ô˵û㲻˿ôɲǵĹϵֲöá
ҾôҪҪǹ¾ҪôӦöܼɡ
Իݼѿ˿ԼܲԸǴӦ
У򡣡
ֻǶ˵ˣŵʱǼſڡ
ôˣɩ
˵˵ѵܽô˭֪᲻˵
ǮôһֽǮһֽ
ԻݼҧҧǿаԼĲѹ£һ˿Ц
Ȼˡ
⻰óλãɲ˵ĻᣬϾȻӴ಻Ǻ˽ˣҲˡ
ɡ
ǵҲŵĵطݵţԼݰԼѡ
ЩˣԼɡ
Իݼѿһֳ飬еˣǺú˼õġ
ŶԷ۵ظǮ֮ҲûдޣǺĵһ䡣
Һ˵á
ԻݼѶѱʾܻɣģ
Сؾеĺͨŵʱ˵ġȻûС
֪ҪйϵĿŪһᣬ츣ȫˡ
ֻѵٶľûбҪˡ
ȻԻݼѽŽɣҲˣϾλʵ̫Ҫˡ

 59 

ʮ״θ߿ʵʽϢʼҲµʱ, Ҫʼԣܶ˵׼زģ붼֪󲿷˵ϣע, ֻǲ֪ʱж˳ܲסˡ
ȷʵһڣСѧͻָϿˣûʲôӰ졣
ڸ߿ÿȥҲ죬ȵССĩԿ֮, ǰ½½ˣǸ˵Ϣ
ķȥμӿԵĶϰ, յ¼ȡ֪ͨҲ塢ѡ
ȻⲻҪҪ, Ÿ߿µķͣòǰհԵ˹עߵı仯Խ, гġ
ǰݿʼڵĸ߿, ڼڶͶѴѹȵĽ, úܶ˿׬Ǯĸԡ
һǲ̫, һֱ׬СǮ
ǱߵԽԽԽԽ, άԼ, Ƕ˲ëҲֻǷֳȼţ⻹һƤؼҰӹҲ֪ʲô
ֶ챻Լϱͻ뷨سԽԽļˡ
ȵͥаƵϢȷʱ, ֿʼԼ޻֮ǰֻżԼֲ˵ˣڶͻȻİˡ
ʱµ߲ϵĹҶƶõĵķչ
ССѧڼøѧƵĸĸһСѧҲ֪㻵
ҵһ꣬ɼȻǰǰɷͺۣܲΪѧصذѼЩµǮ˸СӣиĻڳɹѧ
ҲѧģĽ϶Ǹõġ
ô˵ģϾ϶Ҫȥ죬ʵϾͲ֪ôģΨһ֪ľְѼǮͿˡ
Ҳһҳ԰쾭һϢ;ʱˣĶȥԼ뷨мӹëƤ󲿷ּӹñЬӡ·ĶæˣԼֻҪ֮ǰ˵õı
ͷõһЩǮ֮˵˽ȥпһ㶼ڻԼ׬Ǯġ
ΪʲôԼȥΪҪڼչ˺ӣоɽһһĸȥ·ȥܣڿǵĽͨ
ֱ̫ˣʼֵ̽˼ϾԼûᣬҲֱӸ˵Ҿڳȥ׬Ǯȥɡ
ֻ˵Լţ˵ˡ
ⲻֻܲ濴Ųųȥ׬Ǯɣӡ
Ӧ˵˰ɣ
ֻԼϱϢͦͨģҪ֪ⲻǸػصϢͦ˶ġ
֪ϢųôڴҲˡ
϶ǲ˵Լһֱڹעģֻܰѻ
Һ˵㲻ȥô
仰ԼԾˣҵĴĵ϶е뷨ģܲһŮڼҰɣˣڵĻԼϱ϶Ǵģܷģ
ĵһӦ:ҳԶţԼڼô
һὭֿͺĶӣ⵹û뵽̬ôǣԤıܾһ
ԤıʲôôʾͿ϶ȥˣʵҲȥ濴
˵һȸȻȸ󸻡
־ûʲô󱧸Ҳ뵱һˡ
ʵ˵ʵڵĽ־ԼʵʵϰϹǵǮԼҵĻûж϶ǲõġ
ҪԼҲܶͶѵûĴڻŶѾͶˣҲѾϷˡ
Ҳһ˲Լû£˵ܼңȴô룬ԼϱǮǶǻڸûĵط
ͷֻû뵽˶ѡ
ʵҪǳȥҾûãٵǼģգܲʳ԰ɡ
ôģ
㵽Լ벻ȥ
롣
Ǿȥô£һȥˡ
С
㻹Ҫؼҵģɲ̫ãҿɲȥģؼң
⻰һֱıźͻ˵Цӡ
ȻԼȥɣԼϱһֱߣе˲̫ˣҺú滹֪Լؼҡ
뿪ﲻúͷ˳еС磬еƲֵġ
ǲǸң˵Ӱ죬ֻǸոտʼסУ̫ϰߡ
С翴ԼﵽԼһҪϥ̸ӣеĻţһοԳɼ̫ã֪ô˵ء
ֻڹĵĿɲĳɼ
ؼҶǺܿĵӣѧУӦô۸ˣ
һֱŵһ㣬ǰš
ûвġ
ɲţͷôĹߣ鲻ãڷģ
οСôڿˣŸɵ͹ֵˡ
ҿ֮ǰż㻹黭ڶڷ֪ڸʲô鲻ã
˵С͸ŵˣʵµĻ飬ġ
Һˡ
ɾǴˣҪԼûǻˣҪ֪ܶ󲡶ǴСġ
ﲻˣ֮ǰô˵
ؿۡ
뵽ԼŮҲʮˣеԼûע⵽ѧУҲûصĿγ̲̽ġ
裬ԱһɵɵֵĶӣŮԼۡ
ֻԼȫĸСռһ֪ʶ
ֻǻе棬ѧУŮӲôӦзñȽͬѧɣ
û뵽˵ĻС粻˼ؿԼ
˭˵öİ˵ɡ
Լ̫ˣԼʱ͸öĲöĶ֪
鰡˵ںúó
ĿǰСʱҲòʲô£С׼ϾͲˣϾȽϴĲλҪúñġ
ϵ˵ˣС뵽Լ³¯ĳɼҪǳɼ᲻
һ£ɼԼĵزôˣһô
ûôҲûá
ԼԵʱû˹ԼĳɼԼҲŲˣٽžһǧɣ
˵ԼûôԼҺӵĳɼҲֵܱ̫ں
ҪˣµĻϿγôûϤѻ᲻ϰô
ѽǡҵͨǲпأ
СԥһǰԼһ˵ˣʵе㲻˼Լ֪Լ˵ͨʱпġ

ȫû뵽Լ⣬ԼڴҲò˵ͨԲǺע顣
ҵĶ׼ϰˣȫǳСȷʵٻпˣȥСľԵúˡ
˵ˣ
ûУ˵ʱЦ
ҿ϶ǲֱ˵İѧǺܵܺദġ
ֻеرú棬ͻᶺ˵ûжģܹòôġ
ʵҶпģֻǷضѣ㿴֮ǰ㶼֪ԼпأΧͬѧô˵ģƽʱעһͺˡ
ô˵ûǴ˲ʵʵðˡ
֪ġ
СҲֻ֪ܿԼɾһʱˣһ̲ס˵
е鱾ͲʲôֻҪһ˵˶ˡ

 60 

̸Ķ̸, ֻǻЩġ
Щû˰ɣ
ʵеģ֮ǰ˵һˣҪһ𽭳ֻܾò̫Ҫ
ʲô, ǳɼ¡
˵⻹Ҫģڽ翴뾡취͵سѧԼſĳɼ, ʵе˵ȥ
ܲ뾡취Ҫԭس;û, ѧֻһѡ
ǽ粢֪Լͻĳɼеġ
ԼŮҪٴǿɼá
Ҽǵøղš˵ˣ
ѲոԵòôԼҹŮŻٴѣ
ֻϸ
ڰô
ϲʮͬѧ, ҾͿʮ
Ҳð
оԣȴܲ⡣
Сѧʱǰġ
ǰСѧڴ˶Ҳûڳеس˶˴˿϶Ҳ, ͺúѧ, Ͽβ˯, ɼﾡͺ, Ҳû̫Ҫ󡣡
ҿ϶úö, , ҾŬԽ
ֻû뵽ԽûʲôͷصҪ˼ԼĵĿ͸ˡ
Ůǲ̫뵱Ȼˣеɵˣ߿ָ, ʵû뵽˵ѧˣжûҪ
㲻Сѧô

翴ǲڿЦ
ȥУͬδĹ滮ǶУõĽ˵ĴǻؼҼˣǸ߿ָԺ˲ŶЩˣҪǰ꣬ŮӸжܶ
˵СѧʱĺܳԾģڶѡУ˿ûб̸һ֡
˵СʱҲ˵Ժʲô˺ʦֻҪ룬ͿԵĿȥŬǳһԺĿΧ˵Ķһ֮ҲԼδ
𿴵Ծı飬ԼǸþȵ˰ɡ
һȷСѧûô
翴ɫ֪ԼĻش⣬뻹Ǿʵʵ˵ǶҪʮ˰ɣ
ʲôϵôɣʲô⣿
öʮ߾ͽˡ
Ļͦ࣬ȥΧĴ󻷾ģһж˵ϰΪ
ֻûСôɵ㶵ŽӣҲֲ̫ˣ⼸ĲСС;ͳɼҵģǲܽܡ
ҲԼŮССͳֿࡣ
ͱˣʮǲġ
Ǿϡ
Ϲˣ֪㿴Щ֪࣬϶ʮ˲ŽĻ飬ǾͶ飬ǿԵġ
ԼŮΣյ뷨
лУѧͲǺÿ˰ɣ
ΪѧĿ꣬еԶ˵ÿθ߿֮˭˭˭ϴѧϢȷʵûԼʲôϵ
ûϵȺúö˵ôԶȻҲҪųжˡ
ٴѣɲԼŮ뷨ˡ
һٶˣҲȥˣ뷴Ļ֪ˡ
֪˵ĹһתҲһʱһ̡
ſ֮ЩעһС
򷢳ȥкǰŻؼˣǽ˵ڵĻͲôˡ
ҵǲеɵѽ
ţܻɵؿŴӣԼСӺúõİ￴ɵˡ
ܵܲǺúõô
ȻͬĻٳüӡ
ôʱֽǲһĿ죬ȻҾҲ˵䣬ʱһüַˣʱëһֱڿϣһҲ˼ÿɰֺĵܵܡ
ȥһֱԼƨɺĵܵܣ֪ʲôʱûܸԼɳĽŲͦżġ
⻰ЩĶˣԼĵܵ˲ɣ붼Σա
ǾȹСӣ̣ôһ棬⿴ϸʲôѽ
ûܵʲôӰӡ
ΪʲôҿϺƽʱϲһɫڣҲᵯǶڿһɫСһģǲǻкܶ಻һϣ´֮ǰСҲƽʱϲһ
⻹ͦģѾϵˡ
󽭰ϵ۾﷢ʣǵжֳòһϣ
һξ̫ˣûоԣÿС̫һˣԶһ״
֪𰸣ֻ˳Ļ嵽㿴ôϸѽ
ѽһҵҿˣкöֲһôԼͿôˣľͷǰװ׵ġ
һͦζĴӣĵ˵:أ㲻˵ܵɵôӦúװɣ
û뵽Լ£ȥ滹עЩģ̲˵֪أҪشͷԷΡ
ҲкöֵģҲкö֣Ӷкö֣ôЩ
Ļ¶־ϲݵС
ʹˣ˵ҳԺ󣬶࿴ͻ֪ģԸЩ֪ô
һʱ̸оһԣܿϧһʹܸܵոոϵ˾
û˵ô֪˵ĶԣԼ࿴ɡ
һ⵽սᡣ
ЩֻҼСӣԼȥ̽ˣȹԹȥϴ׼Է
뵽һʼ˵Ļ
ղŴȥˣ
ѽȻ֪ΣĽ١
شûûεˣôʱ򳣳ֽźܿǰɣ
⻰佱ĽնĴǣ
ÿγŵʱ˵º֮ģӦô죬ʵܸܲɵģ㶼ˣǰɣ
ʶΪʲôܸое㲻Ծˡ
ûУҺġ
ģŲţ

ЩΣյ飬Ժɡ
Ҳȥþˣ˵ʲôֻܼϣԺעһˣϾĶǻˮġ
˵㷿ﴲ¶ʲô
Сʰʱ򣬷ֵԼҴӴһ߰ĶӵɣãϾԼԻ·СӵĲһ
Լ⡣
ô
ɸ𿴵ĲһˣֻһѲ֪ʲôõľѡ
ʲôޣһľͷɡ
ͷʾЩԣľͷͿ̵µķŵЩһûŪõġ
е벻ͨʲôرİãԼֵѧļˣ
ûµʱڷľͷ
ΪԼѾﱨ˵ģʱԼûѧýԼѧġ
ѽ֮ǰ㲻Ҫѧʲôѽ
֮ǰһû
ľ
ѽҾֻСޣ֮ǰȥһÿ
ⰮãĲ֪ô˵ԼҲŮѽСӵϲðɡ
㻹ϲ
ѽһһֻյŮء
һ˷ܵӣ˵Ȥ
кܶСľô
ѽҪô
ȷʵвٴ
š
ͷﵽȥιۣԼĴ
ŷԼӻĲ˵˵ѣ֮ǰĻһյģʮСľˣĸÿһֻС·Ǽ򵥵ֱӵ̳
ȻеֲڵӣٺֽŶģͷϸϸɳ·
˾ȣԶ֪Сӻ㲻עĵطѧʲôļܡ
ϲ
ѽҲŲܵһϲֵֹĶأС˶ɰ
ðɣϲĶôرҲ֪Ժʲô
Ǿ仰غӵϲã˾ȥҲδػ᳤ԼҪĶŮӣһΧ᳤ܻԼϲӰɡ
ֻôˣҪȻأ

 61 

Ӳô, Ҫ̬Ҫá
Ȼѧϰ¼ܣΪӦøףﾡõġ
Ҳʱ벻ʲôô, СҲ⣬Ӧúúϧ
Ͼ͹ЦݣֿؿŽ㿴ҪҪ񼸸һСľ, úա
ͣҪ֮ǰҲҪòݸ尡
ССͶӺͻɵĿ⣬ôõĽ, Ҳ˼óá
ֻﶼˣԼҲܾܾѽ, ǸȡĺôǲܷŹ
ҿǲܰ׸Ŷ
ڼｭһֱںͶס
ڼ˼һЩͶӡëŵȣҪȡӦı, Ҫһ, ٸҪԼҪĶ
⼸·ľ֮Ķôġ
˭Ϊ֮, 񽭳ͽڼͲҪ
ܽӵӵʱͿʼϰ˺ؽ, ǴеõЩȤ
Ҳͳڼһͺʳ֮⣬õһжԼͶȡ, огɾ͸, Ҳһֱôάˡ
źӸԼķӣΪкӦͦθкͶԵġ
ĸӵദģʽڲ֪ͱģˡ
ֻȫû뵽ԼҵѾɳּۻ۵ˣ⼸껹˲Сĳɳ
ͦ˵ģ, ܸӳˣҲ
֮ǰһԼôôˡ
Сʱüҳ˵ʲôǶԵģСʱ;Լ˵ʲôǶԵġ
⻰˵ģôĺӣ֪ô
ǰǰ껹ܶʵĺӣһСľԼݵķչˣûע⵽ԼôģһСľͳ˲١
оСӦûڸӳñȽϿкӣڲžΪⶼˡ
˵һ㣬Ǳǰ˺ö࣬Ȼ˺ÿһء
Ȼ˵
ԼҲһ㣬ѽԵҲ٣ǳӳˣڶͷλˡ
ĻǶϣԼһȽϺõģŽڵĻǾеϧӪͷˣⶼ
ô֪Լιʳȥˣ
ոﻹ˵Һÿ˺ö࣬ôһˣ
ҼҴӲʲôʱǺÿġ
ûʲôʱ˵Сϲģͳÿĵʱץסת⡣
˵̼СǿԵİɣ
ϼ޻Ҫռұˡ
ôʱ䣬Լ·ǺϤģһ˵ϷӦˡ
ûнףҲ١
ǺðɣҪô
Ҫŵֻ׹
ˣһڽϽϻػ
룬˵ĸòԼѺüƤͲ޻Ūõֻܰɣ
ڵëߡƤ֮ķӦû۵ˡ
Լ۹⻹ǲ̰İصõġ
ʲôãҿǸþˡ
ɲţԼĶ˽ģ˵׼ʲôʱóԼɻõġ
ûиĻش𣬡ôϢҹ涨׼һЩʽڵɢͶֹҵĸͶŸʲô
һʼͦרĵģ潭е㻳ɵؿ˵ģЩ㶼մߣֲǸˣЩë޵żֺüΣ˰ôҪ˵һ׵㣬ôһеա
⻹治˵ԼˮƽҲǹë߻Уֹûúõġ
ֻ⻰ǲɵ΢΢鴤ǱԼӴô
صǷòãǿ˽Ʒģôණ͵ųأ
ɲô⻰ôϽжأ
ͦѽⲻǹͷô
ⲻǺʱûôô˵˵ˣǻҪȥʲô鶼˵ѽ
˵ô࣬㵽ܲܰŪľ񰡣
˵Լϲͦгġ
ûôֶɣ
ǺģСسǵĵطԼҪ⣬϶ǲôãϾͷǱȽϿʵԡ
ڻھȶ˵
һԣ࣬ɹѡĶһ㣬Ժٿǡ
ûϲԼž;ÿǸҪġ
ýֳȥҪʲô뷨ãϾúһеӦñôŮҵİɡ
Ҫʵû취ԼëߣٻЩëżë֮һɡ
ʱԼҲˣҲڼǿ
̿ʱеˣȻû̫͸˵ʲôɻǰæҲС
ӲͣԽԽճ˺ĿǰиСůĵСɰž;Ҫúϧˡ
ҪȻٹһСɰҪˡ
ëͷԣչ˺ԼС
翴źԶۣʹܵܺεҡҡͷ
͵ܵܣһôϲЩûʲôõĶΪЩȥġ
Ϊ߶ϵһӣسά
㣬ô˵أ
ⲻ֪˵Ҳһ֪֮ûС
㻹һĽŲ
Ǻʵõĺòá
ĸͬػش
Էһԭּۻ۵ˣΪ֤дôģʼͬһ
ҸŪʲô
һʼûҪʲôѶȵġ
СӡСС֮ġ
ֻû뵽׵ģҲûС
ᣡ
òƭҵİɣǼ㲻ǿ̵б۵ô
ʲô⣬ҾֻˣСС˿ſɰɣûѧȻˡ
Լ֣еȽŵĿôľͷżģ˵ȥˣˡ
ԼˮƽôҪôʱͦġ
ԭˮƽôҪҵĴֻżõͦ
ǲ˸ôĿ϶ܺܿѧġ
ѾСܵˣԶԶŶˮϴ֣һֱˣֿʼƲסҡͷˡ
ԲԷˣ
ˣ
ѧԺ󽭳ȷʵû취ڼҴãⲻڶҪʼ׼ȥѧУĶˡ
總嶼еϰ͵ϳСеĲˣ᳭·ÿԽߡ
ҪȻĲԼʮСԼôԶ
һеѧУʳõģͷֻҪԵĸϣĵǺҪ
ҪæʰĻǸݽڵ׼õ·Ͼʱ;仯ҪȥǺ鷳ġ
ԼͤͤĴŮ̲סһ
ѧУȥúѧϰϡ
ԭΪôҪģڿӦúúǿģϾԸС飬ӣҲȫűҵ顣
֪ˣ
ͻȻ뵽Լһٻؼңˣٻ
ѧУô
ûУʵ˵µӰϺö˶ȥҵʱҲȥ
Ӱ
СֻкܴȤҪ֪ǻûпӰ
ΨһıȽȤҲÿ꣬ﵽȥģ̨ЩС糡ġ
ϵǻеӰţܻ鵢ˣûܿӰС˵û
Ҳ͹ֲýôȤŻؼˡ
ôҲȥɣ
ţţ
Сֻ޺ܻͷ
ֻ𲢲ô׵ĴӦֻ˵ǵʱ˵ɣǻһʱô

 62 

СǶ˵ҪȥӰҪȥ, ʵԼҲͦ뿴ġ
ѵõĩоԼٸȥسǿµӰĻʵ̫ˣǰһС͵ѧУС˼١
ȵڳ·ǲͣں, ̫߹Լˡ
ⲻһԼӾԼ⣬ʶ·ô
żȻ㶼ôˣҵȻʧ, ʶ
شнĵˣǵ²߶ɣ
, С·Сɽһֱߴ·͵ˡ
˵ķлǲô, һ·Ҳɽ·ȽߣһߵϾһ·ǰûͦҵġ
ƽʱǸڸת, ӡ֮ǰԶŶǸŽֵ, Լﻹôһ㲻ĵġ
ǾҪϵؽȷûߴ·
ҿв·, һ·, ô֪ԼߵǶԵģ
õ˻ûôס
򰡣سǾǰķһ·͹յĵطȥˡ
ôôԶ·, ͲӦýһŮԼȥѧ, ҪÿŶԡ
Ŷһ͵سǣ˳һͺˣڶǾͲȥѧ, ԰ɣ
ͽǰ߱˵ʵе̫רˡ
һͻȻ뵽һֱûСӵһҿҲûиԼԱߡ
һʱķӦתͷһԵĴӣܵأ
ýŵܵһѧͣ½ŲȻػͷԶɽһ׼ȷسǱôһָӱһڴεϢǱߣȵ߰ɡ
ѾϰΪˡ
˳ķͿ̺ԵһӾôúõضڲԶ֪ʲô
һǸС˶ʹһ֦һСС˱
ܺõһһģԻССһ磬磬ľͷС
ѽԴӽ֮ûյˣû뵽ԼСҲͻ͡
ʱǺҸһˡ
һʱӹǶɫСùԺùԣƯллë
ֻΪĽյܵܵͲôˣ˵Լ·ϼЩľͷؼңʱ򲢲Ÿ·ȥسǡ
̣˵ǳţüôľͷҵģֶӦûؼҵ·˵֪ôȻһ·ȥسǣɵ
һǸ˵ʲôԵСЦŵͷ
ţסˡ
𿴵СС˵ģͷһ㱡Щġ
ë㻹Լô
ȻҪǲҲᱳģϢһ¡
Сӻû˵ʲôӾĳƺˡ
˵СѧҪдˣ
ʣΪԼʱ򣬾𵽴ߣ·㲻ʲô
·ʲôС˼ģԲԣܵܡ
СȵЦŸ
Եġ
Զ·ɣúðٶСʱɵġ
Ҫ񽭰ǰܺľͺƣ͡
رиںͣͣĵܵʱ͸׾ˡ
ⲻȵһڲԶǰȵܵܺʱͺܲͷˡ
Ҫǵھͺˣŵܵˡ
ûֻʱӲŻ𽭳֣Ҫ˶źüˣڼʱ͸û
һʼǺһûطйһֺ۵״̬ͦġ
ܵܶûأ㲻ҪˣҫԼô۵ĹǺ˰ɣ
ҲԼ뷨ҪһҪʲôʱŵ춼Ҫˣ
̾һֱֹۣ磬Ҫܻᵽġ
ϧ粻żʶ˵ŻСĻС²£
Ų˵СѧǴˡ
Ǵ󺢶ˡ
˻أʲô㲻ҪŻܵܡ
ȵڵسǣþǳԷĵ㣬·Ϻˣ͸ϽСԼҵСȥ
СʱŵһοСݣʵʮƽңλһ㳡ֵ֧߽תǴСӣҲסĵطСԺӣֻһС淿ȽʺϿСӡ
ĿǰûмҾߣŴŵӡ
ÿ֮ǰԼŮпܻҪУޣ׼Ʒպĸסôһϡ
ΪڲϤĻĸؾڴˣҪ˯žûôˡ
˯ǰĵʱٴһ󲿷ּҳԵһ⡣
̲֪ôģͻȻ𣺡Ǵģ
ԼԼ֪һЩƫƫҪܵܺ˵˵
˳źˮƯģʱװһҰأ
ش𲻾͸ЩشͰԼһô𲢲ĻشԼС
ҪȻԺҪȥԼĸҪôźã
ٺ˵ܵĺòãȻҲǣ
ôģ
˫֪ʶ۾ؿ
˵׿Ҫͺܲˡ
Ҷѽ
СһϾµ⡣
ôȥģ
ͺˣҪô˵أ
ʼͷˣСԱߵţֲܲ˵
žǴϸһСС⣬ٴӵϸССһ⣬ҸƯÿһѪţһе֮СشŽȥͻĶһúó󡣡
Լ˵˵Ŷоֲ£ʵҲǿвֹ˰ɣ
ţҲ
СһֱרĵţʱʱԼֱۣͬܵӡ
ǲǺʹʹô
ǺͬģѽҪСҪ׼ʹġ
в׵ĵطôأӱĵط𣿿ôֻأ
Ȼ㶼ô˵ˣǾǴİɡ
ûǴģոճֻô󣬺׾ˣȻһһʼͺܿһӱˡ
ԼǼģԼȻһ£úܲ˼ӣô
ʱȻҪ˵ˣ㲻ôףҲ˵Ǽ׽ܰɡ
ȻˣҲпСʱӰССһСӶѡ
˵б۵ģѾ߷ˣֻ̫ˣָȷһ顣
ô磿
⻰ʵģܲ˵ԼԲòǵðɰΪάԼϣᶨص˵ͷ
û
Ȼ󽭰һ󵨵뷨ǺѽҺ͸ҲҪһСô
ͬʱĻ
С
ǵΪⰡôۣҲҪ
ǱС뷨סˣкǲбģԼûҪôС
ﶼ˵У̿еźô
ֵͷĿǰǱҪɱ㣬Сλǿеġ
ѽ̣ΪһкӣҪбĻһҪȵԼһңΪԼʱ뷨
һ˵һң̾뵽ӡɻּۻ۵ĸ硣
ܶôôҲСô
⻰Ӷȫסˡ
־򰡣Сӣ綼ȫû뷨ӣôôأ
ؼžꡢʮ䣬ҲɣСС͸ɵĲĵͦġ
̫ԣΪʲôҪС
棬뿴Ƕôôģ
ͻȻ뵽ˣҪȻƽʱҲûᵽ顣
ҪǺĻӦþ͸ʺϰɣҲܿøֱ۰
ûǸðССķ̫µĶͲԼôС͸ȥӴˡ
ǰ֪Сôܵô
򽣿
İ˵ȤʲôӣСʱô
⻰ʵͦȵģôС軹ûǿαô
˵ˮﲻһôûע
ʱֻʱӦþˣ仯ܴ󣬻Ȥġ
˵ʵ֮ģҲǺģӦûͦϲġ
ԼСӿӦǻкܴȤǰĻ
Ҫ֪ԼСʱϲڲƿأͿÿ궴·߱仯ζġ
ҲԵĺȵĶ٣һھͻһϢҪˡ
͵ܵܵĹ۵ͲͬЩ񶼲ܸԼʲôӡ
ܵܣİһӲͺˡ
ֻǽԼ뷨ӴСһӡ
һ·ȥӰ·Եط̵֮ǰˣرسĵС㳡
ܱ߿˺üҵ꣬·ģСԵģͶ˿ˣĻֶͦġ
ѾкܳһʱûеسˣСڿĶ棬µĸо
ڽֵڲԶĿյвС̯Сһ̯糿ǻֵģˡһЩũƷģϺҵõټ
Ͷô󶯾Ҳûпȥץ˵ͶҪ֡
ͬʱкܶණʼҪƱ֤򵽣Ȼ۸ҪƱĹһЩǻܵܶ˵Ļӭ
һȥ䵽ٻ¥ʱ򣬸оıϴʱ˺ܶࡣ
һж˸õʱˡ

 63 

ڴȥѧſڽӽ·, Ե̯ӣǲҪƱģһʱûס
Ȼعʱ, СѾ˲ٳԵģΪС˿ɱﶮʡǮˣȫûгȫԼĽ
һϲԵĽˡ
, ʵҲӣôԼԲ, ҪܵܺҰͲһô
𻹾Լͦԩ, ̫ûôֳʳˣеղס֣ǿϳԵĺ, ˵Ļӡ
ĺôһ䣺Ǻܺó, 㻹Եô㣿
⻰ʵô㲻˼, Լ뷨ġ
ǻ, ҲҪ˼׬Ǯ
̾Աߴ͵, ĳóԡ
Ƕ˵û, ҲڼʱǶԵģҪܵһͶء
ѧУſڿ˵ʱǺܾϲġ
ֻǺܿ쵱ܵըĽӺŴȦӵȸֳʳʱϿɵƵı飬һӾȫ¶ˡ
Щʳ̯ڲǰͿʼ϶, ÿξʱ򣬶ֻǮ÷ŵˣɵӣŻȥЩ
û뵽Լļô뵽һС
㣬Ҫô
̿˵ĵһʱŷһСθҲСѾȫԲµĳ̶ˡ
ô뵽ҪЩԵģ
˶ΪСҪĶ仹ըʳӶ࣬ҲΪġ
ʵһ㶼֮⣬˾Ȼ
ġ
Сܽһ£ԵĴˣֻǴĿһۣܶ˵ʲô
һôһȦԼ˵㲻һ뷨
֪ڼôණΪʲôˡ
һ쿴ֻÿ̯λǰöˣһģ
֮ǰ˵ģҾûͦ׵ģǲǾ˼һ
Ϊͦ˽ģȻƽʱһЩֵõĶ󶼻ᱻ֤ʵõġ
һʱ仹ͦԺģ֮˵ô໰ָʲôţ
˵ʲô
ȻﲻϣɽΪԼĲȷġ
ҵľͷѽ϶֧̯ɣ
еˣӣ
һͣʳסзģѵûõľºʳô
ĺôǿ´ߣʱ˳Ķѣ
ǸǸˣɾͲô׵Ŀӵ顣
㻹ǲ¶ˣڲżǼﻹеҪأʱ
⵹ʵ֮ǰֻǵܵԼԺԴ󲿷ķӣԶȹǵÿ֪Ӱ죬ŻҪǸоǮԼ׶ˡ
Ȼ˳㻹ܸŮõѧУһá
˵ҪǴķӴһӶʲô۳֣һ뷨
ûʱ䣬ʱ䡣
ôҪԼԼճͶԼǲˡ
ʲô㲻ǻҪôôһһ
ǹѵģԼĿĵġ
ϴθ˵ôģȻҷԼȷʵҶƵģҵĴƿˡ
棬ˮƽҲƿˣʮֻԼˡ
Ǹȥʲôϵ𣿡
ⲻѰ·ôԼһмô
Ҫأ
ǹ۲ñȽϸС̯࣬и꿴Ӹߴһ㡣
Ǽﲻиô
С⻹ǲ٣ϵ
Ҹ𣿡
Խ֮ǰȫû뵽Լô˵ݵĴһ£Ӻܿת
㲻ҲжҪôҰһѽ
ǱˣɶʱͰԼŪˣ˵ˡ
Ҫ
Ǻǣ̫ˣؼ˵
һҡҡͷҵǰǳһ궼һؼһôõˡ
óĽۣ
֪ˣ
˼ȥĲ֪ˣ򵥵顣
ͦģسԶźǰֲһ
˵ÿߵʱԼʱ򣬿ǺеģԼʹõİ˳µӣȷʵת
һ˱߳Ŷ˵ŻӰԺȥ
һֱȰ˵𣬽ͽ̾רĵسԶ
ŷ־һСÿ춼еÿģһо糡ݿʣµŻеӰ
ĵӰҲսƬģ˵ѧУͬѧ˵µӰò̫ӣҲǴӳ˺þˣʱŴߡ
һƱҪëͦġ
˵ǺܲӣÿݵöȻЩεľ飬Ҳ˿ýȥ
Сӿ֮ܿĵ۾顣
˵Ӱ֮Ψһ뷨ԼҺͨϵأڵĸ﷢չٶȣӦòҪ˰ɣ
˵绰˵˾úܲ㡣
ֶͦʱˣһϢûУҪӦû·ϣеʱͦ˳ˣԼ֪ġ
ȻҲԼǧټƵ˼ҳȥҲͦȫǸ߸˰ˣ΢һֿʼеˡ
̫һˣΪ֪Լʲô뷨һǣͿʼԥȻͻʲôҲɡ
ԭһȥͿʼڣҲ֪㻵ٶӻҪúùġ
ڹǰʱȵֵŲãͬʱҲյ˴׼ͨϢ
ʩٶȻǺܿģʩĵѰģǸԼңҪԼǮ
Ҫ˳һֵǮһﻹǺ˷ܵġ
ȻʱǻһСֲгɴҲ⣬ּҪǲϳǮԺҪŪ֪ж鷳ء
Ҫ·ĶˣԼӵԼҵǮóôҪСҲʺõˡ
þ̫һɽͳԷϴһھ˯ʡǮ
ȥŶӽѵʱ򣬽ɩɸոսǮһӭǰк
ɩ뵽ȥ˵أѾһˣͲһˡ
ʵǽϵǮɩֻǰæܸȣ˼Լĺãûġ
ҲģллˣüСȥүү
˼ҶЦӭˣҲġ
ʵϽҵ˻֮䲢ûʲôޣΪн̫̫ƫģŷŴ˱˴֮ìܶѡ
ּ֮󣬼ʱɩһ֮ĹϵǺͻ˲٣ȻΪҲǽ֡
ɩͲôΪˣ˵
ҲŤͷߣϼ˵
ֻ˼ΪݹȵĹĻͦӦġ
绹ûⶼ˰ɣ˵ڼҺúõʲôأ
ûأ˵ȥûġ
ҲԣҼӵȵʮ߰Ҳǳȥ
ɩ˵ôô꣬ǲ㿼ˡ
ô㲻˵һ治֪
Ӷ˻Ϲڸʲô
˼ұǳˣؼҲû
˵ô˵ܲܲúùӰɣźأһҲúµأ˶֪ȥģ
ǲ֪ôӻ˵˼ҹôһȤûС
ԼӾУ˼ҵҲܲôࡣ
˵󲻻ְƸǰɣ
ͦȵô˵ˣ
ɩ⻹Ĳ̫ˣּ֮ÿûʲôɫ
˼סֵһϵģҲû𡣡
ȷʵôģϾԼÿ궼ǸλǮʳģóĶˣֻҪסһν

 64 

ǲܹ, ʼնӦ˼ұлҳ顣
ֻе㲻Ȼתƻ⣬ǱͦΧڸʲô
𿴵˽ǮͨвŶ֮, һߴ峤ΧҲ֪ڸ
ɩһۣǺܸȤ
ǻǴ峤˵˵磬иȥʩӵѧ򵥵ĵ繤գԺõ, ҪеʲôҲͲõȥˡ
뷨ͦõô
ҲͦеģֲôΧһء
ֻǽɩȻô, ʲôѽ峤˵Ҫʹ, صȥأ˲ԣһ͵Ķмҵ, ʱȥѧ, ¶úܡ
ʱ󲿷˶ԼûнӴδ֪, Ǳη, ˵Ǿͷʮ㣬ȥԡ
ֻԾԾԴ峤Ҳ̫, Ͼ»еΣԵ, Ҹʹ㡢׵Ĳźá
ҲֻһߵͷҲǰ˲ѧÿһô
ɩǶԼĹǣ⻹˵СҪǴΣ, Ϲ
ûöȥԣڴҶͨϵˣʱ䳤˳ָָ⣬ʱܰæô˵ˣеջǲģƽʱѧûеطѧ
ôΪģϾٹЩӷ֮ĵͲϡˣʱڴ˵רҵĵ繤ҲǻĻơ
Ҳ˵䣬ɹܲˣɩ˼ӣҲ˵
ãҪûʲô£ҾȻȥ
УҲһɡ
ô˵绹ǿϲɺء
ϧĿǰΨһĵҲԲԲСˣźܻƵĵƹ⣬оͦ΢ġ
СӾǴ˷ˣؿؼΣ𶼻ɼĵҪˣ˳ɾǱСġ
ʮʱѶ׼ĲüСһȥü档
⼸ǶѾоˣ㽭ֲڼңҲǺܷĵװöǳˡ
ȵǴûؼҵʱ򣬾ҪЩʳϽȥԷ
ȻǲȥģҲǽִкӵϽȥԷ
꽭ֻûлؼңǽҲСˣŵܹܵȥûġ
ֻ鶼׼õʱ˵ûԤϵ״ǵܵأ
ʲô׼ˣûп̡
ãȻ֪ղûиǹȥ
ǵԼСһͳŵģôؼҾһ
ǲһŵô
ӦûģֻǽͻȻ·Сܾܵһ˻ؼˡ
ߵһʱС˵ؼϲŵġ
£һֱڼȫûпš
Ȼûȥô
ûС
˫˫ҡͷ
ɵ̾ĵ˹ؼʱ䣬Ҫе¡
ҿɣڼﻹȥ
ͽжͦǿģֻǲûڼҵˡ
ﶼˣûˡ
ʮʱ䣬һҶüСܳȥġ
Լҵ⺢ӻ˲ģû취ֻܳ;ˡ
ǾֻˣȥҰɡ
ԭΪܺܿҵ˴ĵ࣬ҵ춼ҪˣûпˣҲûлӦ
ԽԽżϽҵĽϵǿһֱû˹ȥ˹ʵôʱҲһˣɶ߱˽̻ӰûС
ΪֻСȥѣû뵽ûҵѾʼһЩ̫õˡ
ȫˣԼֽͨƫԶĵĵطټĿǰ治̫ܻ˵С
ֵҵʱͼôһ棬ԭһЩطĿĵĳ棬һȺ˶ûϾô˻úõվСȴƶˡ
ĿǰҲżոոôԶ·ңҪĻȽһ
ǿԺģԼҪȥʱͿԼҺԺӰԼӵӡ
߽һԼ߶СӣԼԴſڵϣ˯ر㡣
˷ֵȫûеӰ졣
ֱ߹ȥ˱ԺۣҲûѹ
˴ҵˣ˿֮ǰĳҹڵԼˡ
һл˳ţعͷɫͲôÿˡ
ͽѾʼܵˡ
ܵܣһֱںô
ѽ
ǽ֣ûô
˯ˣǽûʱιӣҾ͹ȥιˣȻһ£֪ʲôʱ˯ˡ
Լҵܵ˯øһ״̬뷢п㻹
ʵǶ֪ǻؼϲģɾΪ֪ûҵ̫ϸ
ʱﵽǱһȺҲػؽ˼ֶûлӦ˯ô㣬ĶΪˡ
ǻΪ˿϶ˣû뵽Ȼڼ˲֪˵ʲôˡ
ԭúõҪϽҳԷģֻôãڼҳԾˣʲô˵
Сֻ˯˸Ҳ˵ʲôˣֻԺע㡣
ҲǵûˣＸ˲ź֪ʶþõĽֻؼˡ
СǺܿĵشǰȥǵġ
ȴûǸУҪѷ˸ȵȸóĳͦˣͣӦҪúóԷˡ
ȵʮһˣΪ׻ؼҵ˷ڿסܹط˯ȥˡ
ʱҲʱȥִؼҵ
һʼͿĶֻȫû뵽˾Ȼһ·ЬӣʽʲôĻǸġ
ԼСÿ·׼ͦ۵ģѵ׼Сǵô
е㿴̫ĲȥôþʹЩˣ
ţǸġ
ǼСû򣿡
ͦģԼϱһͰС׼·ԼǺܾöû
·ÿ궼׼õġ
аɣΪԼãҲܶ˵ʲô
ô뵽
еʱ򣬿˴СƤЬͳףͦÿģһЩ
ܵĵطӦòԶɣ㻹ôòŻ
ǲԶǲΪ˸·ô͸˼ҵĵطһЩ
ؼҵҲ߰׵
˺ܶࣿġ
ǿ϶ģĲ֪·ôˣǺʵĴҲͲʮǮ˵ĵ·
ЩǻģӲʽҲãȻԼǸСطԡ
۸ҲԼǰڹ߰ٻ¥ļ۸ǲһĴ
ʼ־ֻŶЩÿ·ѣֻǿܶ˶ܵǱȥԼҲԽһЩسðԼҵķӿС·
Ͼܵĸ￪ŵӰԣӺ͵ԶԿ˵ǵࡣ
Ҳͬط˲٣ͦõġ
ҲûҪôãͲдŻؼҡ
·ڲãﻹãڵĳվڶвŰ峵ţֻҪǮͦɵġ
ҪǵСسûôˣҪԼˣҲûʲôĳãʹһ·
һ׬ͷˡ

 65 

е㲻֪ö˵ʲô, 㶼ˣ֪ؼҵô
²Ӳ̫ʹɣѲɻŶһô
ֵҲǲؼңֻǡҪǻؼ, Ҿȫٳȥˡ
˵ĺеϧ𲻳һף˵ĸһ, ҪҪСûǰǼꣿ
úõ˶ʼѧһ˵ٻˣԼûǰƵô
ȻʱԵȫһ, Ϊһ̸
ɵֻԼ㹻ϵ۾Լϱͼ˸лԷ
ģ㡣
˵ŻҲŶ, ֻǻûȥͱݺݵ£һɡ
ʲôú˵ʲô㣿
ܲܺúóȥôʱ䣬ȫûͷɡ
ֻԼķ, ҿܶصĶȥ·Լϼ, ǰѼǸС濪ɣ
Сسǵĵֻ鿪ô, Ǳ仯Žһ, ¿ĵǽһࡣ
еûӦҪ·𣿻СسԼȥ
ǹȥڶ˾ʮС˵, иȥ׬׬ϴˡ
һʱ֮һ˼·ؾ뵽·ԼСŵ, ôӵ뷨Ծһ¡
Ҫ·󲻳һ׳ڷװ·Ǹʲô
Ȼе㲻̫ȷôһ䣺רװô
ҲԴ뵽ģгпģСسǾǺŮװΪװΪ
һȥͿرŮͬ־·ʽͬ־ĿʽǼ򵥵ټ, ֪гķ״ˡ
Ȼǣֻװʲô⡣
һ֮ô˵ˣҲνԼҲǲԼͿëߵҲͦôһµġ
ڲǻԼԴ⣬׵뷨ѡ
ΪûԼʲô飬ֻǽֲš
ʱ¾Ҫȥˡ
ֺԼģֻе֪֮ġ
ǰڹ̯Щ㡢սмܲס˵ҲԼŻ̵·Ůͬ־ͦ۾ġ
һ⻰ķӦǣÿСʱ۰
ڸһ
ػǾڼ̫ˣҪôôúõڼżµصӴƣ
Ůͬ־ȽϺʣ˵ҲҪʱʱܳȥôܲȥôࡣ
֪ˣ
ʵҲ֪Լ϶Ҫģ뱧Թôѡ
Ԫ󲻾ãҪСͺúõؿˡ
ֻһķװ֮⣬ŪС̨
һ̨Լ׼ëߺƵСëƷһŽСľż
úõһװǱŪֲײĸо
ֵҵľĵ̶ûжȷĹ滮ͻԵ̵װ޺Ͱ趼û̫ҪԼСĵӰ⡣
ھСس˰ٻ¥·سװȫĵ꣬صǹ
⻹Ҹ˿С꣬·϶
ҵ·Ǳصĳģʽһ㲼Ҳһ㡣
Щﻹ˳һЩ÷ĻĿǲٵġ
ڽ൱˽˶·ĵˣڻõĴæ÷Ƶģ޷ǶʡǮģʽһġһ㣬Ҳá
ǵңʽǱҺãܵеԶһһص·Ҳ١
ҵ꿴һȦ֮󣬺ܸɴľͰԼҵĶ۱ƽ߳ĿǮϾԼҿʽȽӱһЩһЩĿͻǵĿԴͻ
һʱ·ǺܲģһԵëëߵżСľżͲôˡ
ǽθĽգС˶·Ҳûиơ
ϾĶǴˣЩһۣżżСӵģСӿҲ˵ҳǮġ
ͷСҲûʲôǮģҲֻŮ˵Ǯ׬ˡ
СǮҪڵȼ꣬ȼƻ֮󣬹ʱ׬ˡ
ͦÿģֱӵƷˣǮһС⣬ôҲܴһ
ֻǽСľżֻôţһоͿˡ
־һ¾в¶ҪܵĽģʱڼµػǸŵ
ʹ˹Сʱ·سǿӣоһʱԼ˲١
·ģʮҿţţ˵°ǶʱȽϺãȫԼһ˹סڵڸ·ؼҡ
ĩǸ⣬պôСӹ˳㿪ꡣ
˷Сҵ֮ʱ͹úܿˣüСӶ˿ԼչԼˣҪҲȥˡ
ϵеʱǼҵСװѾ˷ֵˣӪҵִա
Ϊʵûʱ䣬µĵԼҲûֶи϶ˡ
ڽɲҲԻݼѵнȥˣ½̫̫һ˰Ǵϼҡ
ԭּ˵񽭶ɩʱ˵һϵһ͹˺úôڴһҡ
ȻϻǷּҵģеʲôĻǵҪɩչˡ
ǲԽȥæֻûʱˡ
Լÿ궼ʱѸøТǮˣҲûӴˡ
ӱҲǸ˼ҵĽӴֻһڶ飬Ҳûʲôʱȥ飬οᵽسˣ涼ͦټġ
бҵ֮ǰеϱȥġ
ֻǽо֮Լ˸СӣԼװƷԼϣ֮ëëߵƷżͱ˵ƷҲһɫ
òôĵǮֹسǽķӺ¿С
Ǯֶûˣû취ǵʵʵפСس
סķиСԺΨһһˡ
⼸ϵƷϵظ»
Ψһһֱľǽר̨ԽԽãԽԽ࣬ȴֻ಻١
˵ⲻ룬Ҳûд顣
Ѿľͷֲˣ˲µĶԼϹǲܵġ
ĺӴҲԽزùˡ
֮󣬺ôСǶסУÿ춼ܼ棬Ҳе
ڡոҿһкһ
ѾǽNλѱˡ
ԴӲס֮󣬽ܸɵĻˣܵһÿ㻨ǮֲƲֵģֻܸҵɡ
øзѧȳе˳ȥӽؼң˳㿴ûб˼ͷ
ֻû뵽ȥˣȫóץ̬ȡ
ȷǲͬѧѣǲβ˼ˣͲȥúúһ߻ؼôǵ͵͵ں涢˼ô£
Ȼʲô⡣
Ҫǲĵô֪ǲйϵ
ҪԼ˽Ļ
ô˵˼ĸһ˳·ؼҵģʲôô˵㿴ɱѿܲഺ
治ֻ¹ܶѡ

 66 

Ҳʵû뵽һ, Ӹ˶ܸɸ١
ǿסԼ뷭۵ĳ嶯ҲҲУ鷳
ûýҲ, ԼĴܵԼ̾˿ҡҡͷ
͹ܹܰɣҶ˼˵ҵܵܣüζ, ܸɳתܿ飬ͬѧʲôˡ
ǲ׽⵽Ҫʲô, 󷽷ǰһؼҲͦõô
֪, ֪ͦ뷨ģӣû, 㶼, ˵ʲô
ֻ¶һ˵Ц, !٣٣Ҳǲŵҽô
ֱһ½ͷ, ҪǲЦô֣е˵
ٶýΪԼĲ²ǶԵ, ҪΪʲôԼȥչС, ȥ͸Ľ㣬ϳ
㣬ҸҸʲôǲҽˣС, ϴβǺö𣿡
⻹ϴλؼҺϲƵ飬˼ұȽŴһҲϲˡ
һȺ۾ʼбҵȺѧöŮСС;Ϳʼ࿴ˡ
Ȼû뷨ǽΪȥӽѧΪ˹۲ģ˼࿴֮ǰȥһġ
𲢲֪飬ҪĻԼΪʲôô벻˵㣬һ뵱ء
̫ˣҲСأȻΪһֱҲСˣܽʮʱָԼһ֡
Ѿܵܵ뷨ֻ˵㻰ûٺ˵㡣
ܵһϰ죬úͲ಻ԶģҪǲС㣬ƾ˼һܼͷܡ
𿴽ʵе̫ԾڼϴӶؼˣСѧȴûˣ͸Ὠ飬
ҪҪƣҪȥܵܣˣûең
翴ҲеܵˣûȥСܡ
ȥողŻؼңûЪ¶õСӺֻƨˡ
˵ҵʱ򣬿СػԼ֣߽˲̫õԤС
ʲô⣿
ϧԼСӲᵽĵĿ־壬Ͽͦĵġ𣡡
˸£ֳøһģһһСһȫܲܡ
ڽʱʱСľٶûģеʱе㲻һĶʱûԼԶһĺá
С̣ξͷǷȥţҪˡ
Цеζӣе裬ǲ̫ϲСɰô
һ֪϶ɻ£ֻݺݵвʲôҪҶ㶯֡
Сѻ֪ʲô󿴿ҿ˵˵û
Ϊ˷ؿСɰӣ˵߽ҪһЩų⣬裬С˵ˣǳӵģǺúӡ
⻰ôӣСϵȻֻĬĬ˼ӲͷƤ˵úӣС̰㷿úչˣǲ᲻Եģġ
һģеСѾԼҲԼһϲԼϲĶѡ
һ߿ϷĽʱ̲סʵǵСô
õһԥػش𣺡ǵģ
ȻܸɴسˣռϷԼ˵ôһ䡣
˵ôܱѪأ
ûСܾС֡

ʲô
ǲϲܼ⣬˯ڹײ˵ѪĺÿкӺŮӡ
˾ͷһ˵ŬؽԼġ֪Ķϵ
ôǲ֣
ǴӲ˵ˣͦġ
ӦòͬһϵİɣȻˡ
Ͻ
ǱѪ˻ô
һǺÿ𣿡
ǵ˻أ
ԹҲֻ䣬ôֻ࣬˸εĽβ
鹹κβʵʵĻҸŲ𡣡
һץӷεĽ̸;βĶԻý顣
㻹ƫƫҪ˵ƭ˸ⲻǣ
ҲǹģҪԼǰЩҲ˭ȤԼȥˣڴܸĽ
Ҫ־ֻܹ֪ʶûзչõĴʱ˿̡
˵ǹˣҪǺԼȥ࿴ɡ
Ȼ֪ûⷽ鼮
ڼôûⷽ飡
Լûп϶û飬ȴⲻ
ֻܸ̾СӹȻ֮Ӧˡ
Ҳǲ֪˼˵ģЩѧУ֪ʲôԼȥˡ
ĺѪصĵӰôҲһСĶ֪˰ûصȥ˽Ȼ͵һЩ˽ⶼǸڱġ
Ȼô˵˽ҲֻЭˣֻⲻ˱Թô䣬裬ʶĶʲô˰֪ĶֵֹĹ¡
Լô˻Ҫӱӽô
ʵϳھӵĴʶҲǵ·Ŀͻˣûʲôֵѡ
ô˵һ֮ͨǾüһԽǺںСһĿ־塣
ֻ뷨һ˲䱻˻
һһֱ׼Ľ˾裬СתƵԼϴսǰʮ׵λã¡
һջظովҲԵ뷨
̫ˣϸСëܿе㱻ĵˣһһһ¡
ҧסأһһٵرĳ֣
ˣղŻһֻı˲ջأݲݽ͵
裬㲻˵ϲ۸ϲŮôҲϲıְ

ϲɨѣһᶨķ
ƲĽһתŻصܵϣ̧ȿܡ
Ӵͦĵģȫ׷ϡ
ߵ׷ǰ浭ӡ
һʼȷʵбŵһµʱ򣬾ԿԼƷĲ١
ͽ̱ͻıŪˣع;Ѿһʰˡ
־ƿԼļţǾֱײǹˡ
㿴ӣ
¿˳ææò׻ؼϢˣ޹ؾһ
ȻͬʱҲûֽذѽץס˳˶Է˫ְں󱳣ֱƵǰ
Լ巣СµĹأץֱ֮ӽȥͶˡ
һ־֪зԮϵֱϴһϴ
ֻû뵽ԼûãһоѾˡ
Ӳ̸֮ԼǺɸַƢġ
ȻԼӴԵġ
ĺöӣʲôûŻˣԽԽˡ
Ѿ׸ˣýƱĻҪƱġ
ֲСѣ裬㶼ô˻״
˵״ҪõװףôƽԼСܵĴˡ
ɾѵרһҪһأŸô

һѹ͵Ĵŵʵ̵ıе㲻ãƫĵˣ֪ԼҪùˡ
ɫԶӶĪ
ڱֿϲ֮顣
ϲ
£Լıﲻôôеĸо
ѲҪ˵

 67 

ֻ⻰һֻǽ־ı鶼ôÿ
ôԽԽԼͺܴˡ
, ￩һ¡
Լû˵ԻǾٲʣȰذ
﷢һЦǣ
е㲻
Ȼʱֶεرѹ󣬵ǱֳԼǿ
裡ذ㣡֪ˣԷҰɣ
˵Ŀ˺üԼȫûʲô, ȴԽڳ׵
Ψһָˡ
˵ʵ𿴵ͻݣûиܵʲô⣬ôЦ
Ͼ˶泯Լ, Դתתȥͦмġ
, ҾлҪú̸̸أ
Ҫ˰ɣСѽ, ˰ɡ
ʵ治ֽܹ̬ȱÿ죬Ҫֻ֪ǷɵȻܡ
Ҫǻĺڵ֪¶صӰ
ϧ𲢲֪ô½ֵԭ
˼׵, ҲӦԼᶯֵ, ȫû⡣
Сѽ, ⲻպײôรɡ
תͷԽһ䣺, ҪӣǼһǽΪ
ִӦúܸɴ, ʮк㲻ô, ҲǷ
ģ򡣡
ۿҳ̸꣬һнҪ䶨ʱˡ
ٿԱ߿һζĽͽ, Լ·һϷһƬ
Ȼ˵ˣǸϽսپܸϳ
Сȥɣ
ʵĶִˣֻҪ͵ǲ֪
ǻô仰ô  ³Тӡ
ԼȻ޳ȫá
ֻǽֲڼˡ
ӦͦģһǵôȥԷġ
˹سˣµ￴ġ
˶ˣҲûʲôɿģͻطȥдҵˡ
̱ȽϹĵǣ裬㿴ˣôΰ
һξٵԼǰС˫ۡ
ҸҩԼ
Ȼ֪˵ҩܲãǾôɡ
̶𲻸ԼæѾϰΪˡ
ѽҼġ
С΢΢Сɰе㲻ġ
С̣ܸҪô
ʲô
С̣ڼֻСһʱܸܲӲҪˣѧҲš
ֻҪһ뵽Լһ˵ڼҵʱ򣬿ܻͲôˡ
ߵڸƬķΧвȥ
ÿһһźڵӭֲͦģȻ֪ײϣɻǻʶẦµرܿ
Ǹúӣ˵ʲôʲô
û⡣
滹ǺгǱ߾Ҳˡ
µˣ·Ͼͷŵͣϳˣۡ
ǲǻͦϲСģ
һ·һȽưܵĴԺӸͣ½ŲָŲԶʱʱɳĺӰ
֪ĽһӲЦ 
УⲻǵֻܼܵȥҲ
ֿɲƱ硣
ͦµģʵ֪İɣ
˵еˣʵǵʱһʱȤºͦڵġ
ҵʱûôࡣ
֪ﺦô
֪
жĸУƽʱ˵
֪ˡ
شеҧгݵĸо֪ôѿйϵ
ֿɲں뷨
ǾУȻôϲ棬ǵȻץЩɡ
Ͳʲô¡
Ͳ˰ɡ
ֿɲģֱӾͶҪ顣
ҴӦﲻ˵ģġ
ɱֱӰ¶ˣòã
ǽʶٲ۵СҲˡ
صڷʱ̲סẔ̌Թ
ϵܣ뵽Ǹֵж̬ôպڵʱسǵȥץ˵ŵģ
ǽֽ˾ġ
ûʲô⣬ǲͦõġ
󵽴Ϻںʱ򿴵һԱΧĵôץ˺ö
뵽һĻͻ᲻Ծüͷ
СӻûʲôµģȽϺǣǰץĶؼô
һʲô֮ʣΪʲôҪ飿
ûУܲܰؼҵСһŵβȥҿﶼֱֹ
СʱǰͦɰСһѾģ
̺˵úܣõģ㲻Ҫ¡
˵ʲôҪ£ûоˣûʸ˵ֻ
һ˱žŽرʮ˫۾Χ۵ĸܲ˭֪ġ
رһӷ߸ոץסһȺʱһȺһ붼ײԼϡ
ĿǰΨһ뷨ǣҹȻǽֵ׶ӡ
̿Ƿڴϵĸ磬ȻģҪ˵һ䣺۸˼š
ͦĵ仰ھԼʱӳ硣
ҲˣͻȻֻᰡ֪Ͳġ
һ㽭ҲϿɣǣǻá
СûĵģΪǷĵĶﰮ
Ǿһе
磬ҲСˣܡ

ͻȻõܵ˵ĺе
Ѿϴ趼˯ˣſ˻
ôôŻôˣ
˵ĲܴúýҾͻ˵ʱϲСܽӴһʱ䣬һӦȡ㹻Ľѵˡ
ô뵱СʱСôɰľͿʼе㡭
е㲻֪ô˵Ϊʲô󲿷ָĸϲŮԭˡ
־е㲻һˣҵǾó˻ͦõġ
СʱĶ̫ѵ᳣ֱڳʮĴкŷԼ
ţô˵Ϊ˹ͬĻദгء
֮ǲǱȽйͬˣ
ͬԣ뵽̻ؼ·е˫ȷӣгصͷ
ڵСǲţûûʹĶһ˰ӣʾǲ̫С
Ǿͺã
ߵӡ
֪æۣһؼֵӳȥôá
ֻǻû϶ã־ס֣΢΢󿿣һһӾ;һЩˡ
ϾʹЦǶԷĶͷ
ô˵һͦԵİȥϴɡ
ϴ
㻹Ҫ
һ㡣
⻰ôô㲻̫Ծأûף˼Ѿ·°ˡ
һۣȻǾˣܻطô
ָһأ˭֪ҲÿֱӾͰ˿ϡ
! 
ֻŵˣе
磬˵㿸ˣжҵθˣ
˵ȷʵ̫Ըֻ¶װ˷¡
֣ı飬㻹ðɡ
ԼĶӣʱ̡
ʲôأ˴Ӻ˿ģһҪôҷŴȥÿôܿô
ҪԼϱͱ˵ֱܰһѿĲŽˣҲ벻顣
ǻ򣿡
ͣôģ
͸ڼҵ˵ģΪӦͦϲġ

ǵԼӦûİáɣ
ʱ򡣡
ϸ£Ǻ˵˵лЦѣѻ鸾ŮĻʱȷʵôеôģ
ǸֶŮܶ㲻Ҫһһ
ȻԼ˵Ļſ˫Цſ򽭳֡
̫˼
ţ
㲻뿸ôɡ
Լһô˵ӣûίһԼĶӺˡ
˵ĿĵضڴôȥģҪôƣ
µûˣֻԼϣǰҧҧ촽
Ժ졣
ô֪

 68 

˿ûʲôõӰ, ǻһСꡣ
ȵʱӼĺӶæ
Ŀǰʱ仹ǱȽģ˵֮󣬰ѼСԼڵ￴, պȥ
һ߽Ϳʼһ·ĴɨɨһǸڿС
Ϳʼ̵ԼĹ̨ǰ졣
Сֻ̣ô
ûпܵڷ, Ҫˣû
һǼؼͻ, ǰ˺ˣѧ·Ͼͷˡ
صͷ, Ƿ˺ãżԼ˯ʱСһһﲢô
˵ôʲô, ܰ˯ˡ
̿Լһֱֵͦ󵨵, û뵽
, 㲻ǲô
, ԼıӣܶԼܵʾô
˵, ǲ, Ҳ˯һŴ
üһ۾ܿС۾ؿ㣬ѵô
ֱǵֵĺ͵ܵܶԼ˫ĥš
ûһŴڴͷϵô
ʲô̫ôǽš
Լܵܵ, һĺá
Ҫ˵ͲӦͿЩС
̿ɲͬĹ۵㣬ôɰ˼
Щһ㶼û
Ǿ֣ͲϲŮСôԼܵܿȫûͷ
ǰϾûпɰСŮرǴ۾ġ
ֻǽڴʳ⻰ֻõһȫûκοĻش
ûע⵽ϾֻʮŮʮ
ֳԱ߶ȥˣûӵġ
⵱ĲҪС̣žࡣ
кӾҪģرǵܵġ
ܻԼܵܽҲ˽ģ˵ʱ߻ΧһֵֹС
粢ܺԼˡ
ҺܺðôÿʡӢһкӡ
Ҫ
ôҵġ
̫ˣ㻹õſôᴵһ㶼Ʈˡ
ĸӶֻԣοĸҾ͸ˡ
˵ֻõ۾
ʱսҵ廰ļ϶ŶԸ羭ڻ߸ɻ
һͱС⻰סܻ˵ϣǲҪһ𶼹Ұ
ССҧͼ֧Ÿ磬磬Һõˡ
˵ܵܵôһ仰磬úվֵԴϵĴë
Ȼˣ˯һݵģȴŽ㡣
Ϊˣ޹۾Լ磺Ҹոû˵
һҲ˵ô仰ûԼ˭ˡ
峺ɾ񣬽˵ʲôأȻֻԼƽ飬Цŵͷ
Һʱ仹磬װһʱҲûʲô䣬Ҫ⶯Ҫٶ⻹֪ء
мӵģ̫һֱܺƽ
ֻǲôСʱҲû뵽ġ
ôǣ
¹ʾѾβˣͽ˳Ʊ죬ת
극裬еȥ֮ǰ
ѵý˵ʱ¶ôӣֻһʱҲûע⵽ȫûʲô⡣
а
ֻ絽ʱֲ̫ԾĵطСżٵʱ飿
ոճܽҲ˵Ļϵúġ
ǣ׼ʱ׼һֱ̬ôذɻ
ԼӵĺƤѾϰˣѵΪһ2ǮĹʣ˳нԼƷô
ڵһ춼С̨ǰ棬𿴲ͼһ
ֱ˵ĽԼʱ򷢻ӵʵˣѵܵԼĶר̨ǰСܣ̨ˣ֪·ˣҪ˵ʲôô
Ҫǿ˾ͳ
Ư㣬ûСܵСѽϸСľżɣ2ëǮһ5ëǮ֪ô
ͦģͶˡ
ͦԾǡô
Ŀ𣬡⻹ΪƷ̫Ӱˣûа취
ѵĴô
ƷŪõҲΪ˶Կͻ𡣡
ʵʲôǸпһ¡
֪㷢Լ˼ǮǮᡣ
ѧĻ԰
ңǾסûˡ
úüͰɣϾʮ꣬أȹϼ꣬ǾҪˡ
ԼΧͻȻ˸󵨵뷨Ҫꡣ
ΪǾ÷ڵһ𲻺˵ֲûгȥԼ̯û𣿡
ס
ôС̾ĺ˿Цá
Ӹס
޷СܾٺԻȥˡ
ƯĽ㡢̣߹·Ҫʺ·ﶼУпɰСżѡŶһһƣ

صҵʱžֽھʱ΢΢زһࡣ
ԭûʲôܵĶһ¡
Сŵʲô
ֻ˳ʣһʳûôأС¶ˡ
͡һ
״΢΢üȻഺڣСˡ
ܿ𣿡
ԥôһ£ʵʵصݳȥ
ֽõչһǺͨбһ֦Ѿ׺ŵ÷
ΨһرĵǻϵǽԼ
ֵ˺úˡ
Ҽǵ˳֮ûڻ˰ɡ
˳Ժ󣬽ɼҲͻͰеľŵѧϰϣҲΪûʱϲʦûټѧˣʱͦϧġ
شĵǸɴ࣬еѧˡ
˵Ǻ°вܲӦǽе״̬ô붼⡣
Ų㻭ģҵʦģ
ǣһѧˡ
к𣿡
ʵصˣֻŵ򴽹򶨵طʣ裬ӦòΪͲȥѧɣ
Ȼᣬֻʦôѧ֮Ҫȥаɡ
ʦͬѧҵүүүүģҾǿүүĻ˵ѧġ
ôԷүүĻģһ⡣
ǻͬѧ
š
ͷ
һп֮飬ôô㲻ԾŶ
Խ۲콭ıԽãòỹϲк˰ɣ
ȥͬѧʲôʱ򷽱ȥʦɣ
ã
û׷ʵ״㣬˿ 
ʵ治ʣֻǿԼŮԽԽŻŵ㺦¡
뵽͵ĺŮϻͦеġ
ƽʱ㣬ټǵöԼУľ˳Ȼɡ
ôĹȻǽͲͷˡ

 69 

𲢲Ǻܵ, ϾҪԽˣҲͲǰ˵ȥѧˡ
һССøкճ, Χڵġ
ഺڣѾܺúܺˣҪ󲻸ߡ
Ҫ֪ĿǰֻҪһ뵽ǲ֪ʲôʱ򡢻˵ǻ᲻ᵽھͺµĺܡ
Ϸ޵̸ʱһֻϡϣΪ, ûʲôС
Ůʼϲˡ
ûͦҪʱ̵ģӦ˵˵
š
ȫûʲô뷨, Ͼͷͦˣô˵Ҳֻǵͷ
ûʲôҪ˵ģ
˵ʲôʮͼ޸, СڲѾʮˡ
ÿÿ뵽һͦƵģʮ꣬Ӷ, עر, Żᡣ
㿴ͦǰɣ
ĥ֮һЩ˵, æ˵ûУ̫, ͸ҳôࡣ
ģ
ǰ۾רעؿ۾˿ûע⵽֮ľеΣա
˵أ
ϵ, ˾ֱ, ô˻ǰסûٸشĻᡣ
׹ˣ˴ֿʱúֱۡ
ܲ㡣
ȻԼҲһ, е̸ʱϡ
־ԼͦԩģҲ̸λá
Ҳû취ҲɴϲпգֻеڴһͲôҪˣָõˡ
̸вȥˣɴƽ˰ڲ
ȻԼŮоԵΣȥݷʦ˽ѧһЩ粻ġ
ڵڶܵѧϿεʱҲһŹȥˡ
·ҲûǴ飬֮ǰѧһʱ䣬иѧô
һߴɫһСػش𣺡ˣ㾭㻨ǮûʲôҪĶˣûи˵
ˣԼǮϲĶС
֪ˡ
ˣǶѧ˶ˣ
һ¡
Ӱ쵽ѧϰôɼô
裬ģҿ϶ǲӰѧϰ
缱æĽͣΪԭԼټѧȥ
ʵĳɼҲСû˼ȫڻϣеòʧ
һ·ΪȻ̬ȣҲ
ϿεĵطǸԼҸֲһСԺ߸һѧ
е㲻ԼҹŮʲôģôĻ
ŵǸͦߣ㣬Ƣܺõкӡ
Ȼû̫⣬ǿԼŮıòһˣǵĻȶһֱģǷġ
ֻ˼к̬Ⱥƽ
òǽ絥кøУֲǰԼʻôȻ
ﻹλͷ׵ˣԾǽ̻ʦ
ǰкλʦɣǺãǳ衣
áãʲô𣿡
ⲻǳѧҾ
˼ǾΪ˺ӻģרŽ£
㿴⺢֮ǰеӵģǺû֣¼Ҫʱġ
һ𵹲ģѧѧңǽԼ顣
û£ҪϲҪ뻭þԼŬ¡
̬ȺܺòҲģλϵЦϲ١
ԣϲ
𲢲úʽ̸ʲôĵģͰСˡ
С磬ȥԼʦľС
Ҫͦ潭ѧԭġ
λרڼѧҿ⻹أ
һ˵˼Ҿͻͦ˵ģⲻʹˡˣеĻţҵɣⲻǼС֪ˣѧУѧͬѧСࡣ
ҲӵһТˡ
ҲΪʱ˼ҲŵԼҺûͨãҳ֡
ǻǸТ˳ӡ

аɣ֮ԼŮòƵ˼֮⣬ûʲôͷĻؼˡ
ֻû뵽Ӿ͹ˣô콭˸С
ʣһ죬СҲȫżˡ
Ҳûǿһæ·߻Ǻģÿȥѧżͬѧһ𵽸ɷ硣
ڴŵܵܵܣһ𻹿ܵյĵطȥ档
˼ҾȻҲܴҲǺԼӣֻǾô棬Ҳȫû뵽ܸɳߵ¡
һʼûзԾֻǿŰʱؼҵĽ磬ͦƵġ
ôĶؼˣƽʱĽôûӰ
ô˵ʱر⣬ֱˣûˣôҲö˰ɣǾӦ뵽ؼҵİ
˵ķһͷֽŽˣ˻ǵø˷š
˵ȥ棬֮ǰʹˣûͬ⣬ʹŵܵܳԶţͻؼңõġ
ģôܣ
ԼҲˣ˽̣һܵȥˣﻹ˵Լȸȥš
ΪʲôѡȥУΪΪˣҲĿǰ֪ȥԶĵط
־СӵǴûˡ
ϢҲͷˡ
СйǷģôأҲڸǰֻܸϽȵֻϣ˻ûüߡ
ͱ·ȥ˰æͽ絽վˡ
ֻû뵽СҲǵһεе㿪ģȫҪȥˡ
ϵǮûкܶ࣬һȦ֮˲ٶϵǮҲֻʣôˡ
ǷǮĽʹŵܵļңǻصȴּûˡ
ﶼҪˣʵûҵˣҶСѾ뿪ˡ
һҲﲻæͺͽȻؼˣֻҪš
صҵʱͿ˴˾ڷˣ˯㣬Ҳָոձʹùĺۼ
Ҷ֪ʲôˣ˵ܳ˯
ǴСģﻹǺºҡ
ȻҲǺģ˿ԵڶڽѵϾҪڰǽͷϵԼʱûа취ǵؽǡ
õ绰ȻռҸѾˣӦ֮ϳ˸绰СڼҵϢ֪ͨ֡
ڶϽ;÷Χ̫ԾӣѹܵͣرǼ˽֮˶Ƶضһԡ
ʱڷϸ˵ˡ
С̣ȥˣ
ȥˡ
ʲô׵ģʱ¿˵ı֪ԼҪ㡣
뷨Ľʣʲô
˵쵽ˣҪ׼ϲ
Ϲ˵
һ˵ȫͷģʱգû뵽ǰѵܵƭȥġ
ؼͷϷҲʱˣ΢Ц򽭰ȴҪ䴩
ɱȲЦҪ˶ˣ
㻹Ҫ˵ô
ȻϵҲ֪Լˡ
ҾȥҲ˵ġ
ѹԼŭһȻҽƱ磬ĻǼ֡
֪ӼﵽҪôҪ˳ûֱģ費Ҫת㶼ŪôҪŪ˾ؼҵ·㶼ҵ
Խ˵Խһ˵һ֮Ъ˿ټ˵
˵ǵʱûְжൣģʮֲǶʮ꣬ǿԼ𣿡
Լı飬Ҳ֪ˡ
Բǵˡ
ǰҶû˵Ĺֹ㣬û뵽㵨ôô󣬻ܵܣ˵ΪʲôҪܵܣ
Ҫĳ»ԼҲˣҪ׵ܵܣȫ֪ôġ
ɽеݣܵóѣǮ
ȷʵ̹ǷñȽĿǰǰСӡ
ֻǽ⻰˵óڣҲ֪ô˵ˡ
㻹˲ɣôôȫ˺
裬֪ˡ
У֪Ҫܷ
ϴ̬ȺܺãǺĴӼɨͥԺĴɨϳ¸ϸ֦֣ʾ֡
һҪһѵ
˵Ļĺеģ򲻳
Լ⺢ӾǴˣ׼ȷ˵ûذһٴܸɳ顣

 70 

ŸʲôҪ, ԼԺǽվȥ
𿴽Ҳˣ͵͵˲ͺСʳĻ, Լ˵Ĺ߶ˣǺܵµӡ
ԭ˵˵ѣһϽ
е㲻ԼϲϸոյĻмһͷߵָλվá
װģشӽûص֦, ۾ŽвƵϸ֦һתӳȥ
ֻû뵽ôһӶ, ৡƿԼŵ
ֿԼϱԼԼŵɪ, æߣļĺ󱳣, С
ɫһ¶һЦ
Ҫﶯ, С, ټƽʱͺܷԴ, ӹһ٣Ǻǡžͺã
վ, ת, Լѿֵͳź⡣
תŴңȥѿӡ
ȡš
һôѸٵĽеһԼٲҪ򣬸Ͻ
ǰʱһ, ˵ӾͲҪѣ֦ẹ̈˭
ϣʧͻ
ʵôʹɣСҲˣ˿ӴûбҪˡ
ڽڴôӵˡ
ȻֻнһˣСҲܱܿž֪жˣոպôһܽʡˡ
ʣµСҲҺúÿţҲĽܾǵ죬úȡһ¾顣
ִŹᶶ£һ¸û鵽մڿϡ
ŵһ£Ȼŷֲۣ
ȻĿҲôܣʲôأû뵽⵱Ů˻
õһ˲Ǹճ緹ôôô飡
˼֣֣ģҲġ
ԣŪԼӦô֣˴ﲻЧˣƽʱԺ۵ĳ̶ȣǵԼ˲ɡ
𻰸˵ͺˣΪԼĻºְɣ
ɢ㣬ǾͲҪƨˣȻ࣬ǴѾ˴͸Ӱɻˣطɡ
зִģܼô
룬롣
˵ô˵ֻǽָһ̧ԱΧ۵˾һüͷϡ
Ŀǰ״ɴش꣬Ҳô㲻̫ڣһֱԱضţ֪⵽ڳͷ
ž֦꣡ڱϣ֦ݺһ֮⣬ܸܵСֱһ¶˺
˻
۵ҧصʱ򣬲Сİͷ׳
ͦģŵĿһôˣôˣ
ʱ˵ֻܰڰ֣˼֮󣬲ܻش𣺡ͷ
ô
ûѪ
ͷСˣɲΪ顣
ǡɡ

ǡžһ
Ϻܿһ㱡·ҲĻۡ
Ŵ´ѾܲˣһһƵľûţҲ۾ֻץֱۡ
ֶֻ߬ȭͷԼǰ򷢳һ¾͡˻˻Ǹͬܡ
˻ûôţ̵ˢˢ
ء֣ҪˣҲгȥ棬ҰɣҲԡء
ҲۣûнͣȥСú̸ͶͽȶйǺ񲢲ӡ̡
ΪͬĴȻٷµĴýҪôһٴ
µ̣ҲûдŹ
Сӵļ磬˵𼱣ĳͷҲеģͲŰ翸ˡ
ֵͦ˸жģ׾پͱԼܣΪʲô鶼û
˵ؿḺ̌⻰ãáá
⺢һжûУ˵ˣɾ[ʤĤ᪚]ųԶţʵе
ؼڼŵķװͶʮ·̣Ͳ֪ͨԼһôҪúüֲС
ԼҲܷһƽ١
ðɡ
ոջӿȵֵһӾͱջȥˡ
һ𰤴ֻѣôġ
žৣ
һ£ѾʼڣԼΪʲôҪѡôźܶСϸ֦ˡ
ѾˣɨԺӵɨѾҪĲźá
ž
µʱ򣬽̵±һӣ·ѾѪ
ְҲûֵͣ˼𺰵ѽ󱳴ˣûλˣɣ´ٷͲô׹ˡ
żæŻľǺΣŵ¡
֪̲סֻû뵽ʮ¶ûд򹻣ԭʮ¾ͣˡ
ⶼһ󱳵Ѫˣ
𳶳С
Լעֻ֪ǿˣʵ඼Ǳ֦˵ģִʱֿŲȽϾȣԵرء
Ѿ֣æǰ׷ʵְ֣أأ
ʲô
ȫ֪ʲôİְ֣һʡ
ͷžž
һ˵ϻʾ⡣
ûִôģֿĿţû˵ҪСİ
Ǳ߽յϢԱ飬ôӶ㻹
źŶԽʧܡ
ȷûĬϷޡ
ϸ˿ڣûʲô󰭣ѵ䣺
ԺκʱʹңųŵģΪʲôԼŵܵˣΪҲͬô
Ϊͷҧˣеڳݲ˵֪ˣʱ֪ôԶҲûһԴͳˣԺ֮ǰһתһٷĴ
С۳亹ʱͲ׷̫ˡ
С磬ȴŵܵܵҩɡ
á

һԵĽִ󰤴Ľ
꽭ĻһĺߣʲôóͷһǴˣ
ֻͷ˵Թԣǽ첻㡣
ô
Լð򣬽ǺԸ
飬ֻøǴӷԲ㣬С̣꼶Ҫд˰ɡ
Ҫġ
Ƕٸ֣
֡
úüһԼдƪģдԼʲôʲô뷨Ҫٸ֣дҿʶԼĴûС
ٸ֣
һ˶ɥ
ǿϲѧϰϲ˼Ҳϲдֺʲôľš
΢ЦؿִСʲôдİɡ
⻹УС㵽ǽȥСʱС˵һٶ㣬ڷලܵܡ
С
á
˾һӦúܻ

 71 

һ, ִӴ˿ȻʹĴʹԳܵķΧ
ո½æĨҩ, ·ʱôˡ
ʵһ٣Ȼˬĸо
ϾҲ֪Լˣһֱе׹ûš
ھͲһˣ귣, ʹ˵鶼ˡ
ܱʹĶҲֻнڵĵܵܡѡ
ܰҲ, ͸Աɡ
ſ̫ˣÿԱ±˯, Ŀһ£е㿪ģܵĸоѽ
˵ĵһ϶ҪúϢ, ٶһ, ҪȫǺ
˵˲, ͸ûĻᡣ
ֻܵԸʱʵ, ̶ԼͷǺִеġ
ǸùѽڲҶġ
ֻܵܵһ׶, Ρ
ŲôӾԱߡ
κεܵȫ޶ԣ˵ҪúǽǴСʱġ
ᶨشƶҲ϶
˻ûоһ, ͱĵϡ
½·ĥ˿ڻ᲻صظҳľ·ͼ졣
ڽǰﹹ˼˺þã뽭һոհôһٴ, Ҳͦ᲻
ûݾӦõе㻳ٴʶ

һ˽¶һС顣
裬Ҿ뿴飬ϲѧϰ
ɲһף˭֪˭أ
ҼǵܣҲûִƨɣһӣҪԼſѽ
ҴˣҲ͸ɴóˡ
Ҿһ²ŵĴ
ѵ
ʵҪֵʱ򣬽ΪԼˣû뵽оӰ첢
еν̬ǵЦһ
㿴ͦѽҵҪҪôϴ裿ˣ֪жˬʱٺúܡ

⻹Ǹ⣬ͷ϶ǲˮģһϲϴ˾;ˡ
Ҳûʲô˵ģиܵܡ
ܵܿҪϴˡ
ţ
ͽ˵ĽͻȻ콵һ
ֹ󱳣Ҳȫϴ衣
ԭ˼̾ôǽǵͷ
ģһա
ֵ·˽Ҳڶ˵ʲô
ֻ뿪ǰ˵ãļǰҪдԼ
Ȼյ˽дáܡرļ顣
Ϊиڷڷ·ϵĸ磬Ȼϸ飬ʹչٸ֡
һݣ
ȻһΪ裬飬ִһȥ
Ǹ绹Ǹø磬ǺϲģȻҲϲ衢㡢ְ֡
ǹˣûԼˣ
ΪԼȥѡ
Ĵžûȸк
֪Ϊʲôܷô
ûи˵
ô֪ȥ𣿡
İٻ¥Ư衣
˵죬˵ҪϲģһСľ͸˵©ˡ
ô
þϲѽû뵽СôԼ
̲֪ĬĬؿ򽭰״ҲƵϡ
ӡ
˵ЩйΪȥ͸ĺƵܵܵģû뵽ǵܵܵ³֮ļȥ
Ǯͻˣ˷۱ԭ뻨ܵܵǮԼ飬ԼüĻȥˡ
һҰ
е㲻鲻ԸȥӣǸܼ򵥵Ĺӣ֣оô
̫Т˳˶ӣǮѽ
̾͸Ĳˡ
Ҿֻа˿Ǯ
˵ͺýʮۣ󲿷ֶǻǮ
ʣµĶҳġ
ͦǮѽӣ
ᡢԽԽʹ
ʱ˹ͦĵģ֪˲ٱĶֻôڴĻؼ
Һýǵ˳ѣƱصҡ
¼ľôЦ
ͷôǮҪôԶС󣬻ʵʲôﶼûܹ뿪
ҲͲ׷̵ļдĲ¡
ֻǻҪС˵:ԺȥǵҪ˵
˵ڴæʵ˵˾ȥ𣿡
õͦѽûиҪĴ𰸡
Ҫô룬˵һܰοѽ
˭˵ֻҪ˵ʵֵģǾһֱŲãͼʵʩ
˵ĺãûĿ꼤ĺӺúŬȡԼȥʵ¡
ռֵͬʱȻ̵һӣͦáջķᡣ
Ĺؼʱ̻Ĳ֪СܴǮԼƽʱ㻨ǮǸˡ
ﵽ֮󣬵ȲظҫĿҪֵĽĽġ
ֻǺõ̫һĽ
ӻǲģھлرˣ֪ˡ
ӵ־ôڽǰôһΡ
ţʲôʱģ
ͦÿģõϸÿ˲١
ҳߵʱģͷһյξǶ͵ˡ
Խ˵Խˡ
һ㣬ֿⰮֵӣͲ̫ˡ
û뵽ôСƨȥ
ϲ
Ȼˡ
ֿô˵ﰵ˼
֪ɲϲô򵥵ӵѽȻӺǱȵġ
Ⲣĸ׵ο֮顣
һֻ·ȹӵˣڿ֮·˵ˣʼβԼϱ͹Ķϧ޴˼䡣
ܵںļ˲ӡ֮ġ
ֻյʱһľϲĵĳûг֡
͵ǽТģ͵ǽһ˷ѡ
ϲҪĶѵͲԼôõڣ
һԭӦϽԼǮģ
ŮɷͶӵı׼һᶼǺ˫ġ
ڽԣһηܵĻǰʱǰ趼ܺúϴǶʱ䡣
˿ڳõĹ̲ܵģ賤ʱǽһ಻ԣһƬʱʱͻ᷺⡣
Ȼûƨɣţڲ֪ƨɻԼӣȻ̫ÿ
ɺҽ̵õķԸΪ˲̲ٴ˺ǧҪŽ
ڽڿʲôȥ󱳡
ոʧһǮ͸Ҫżȥæ
ÿε˽ָպñֻǲһ룬ͻȻ˵ʱǽһܡ
ټ˺öණҪɿڣ˲Ѫĸ
죬˶ϻˣֱǿ಻ԡ
δĴﲻп
½ǰκ鶼Щѵ˵ǳȶ²٣ˡ
Ϊ˰οԼ˵飬˵Сãÿ춼ץϲٵөŵȥ
Ϲ˵ƾ˯һөͦõġ
ֻǰŵǷæʰܾͲôˡ
ϺʱөƨһһĻǺƯġ
ֻǰʱвٳӵķ䣬ܾе㡭޷ݵĸϽš
ϵĲǾʹˡ
Ҳ͵Ѿȫкӵķ䡣
֮ǰ￴ŵĳӣôģرһСĲһֻ˳ӵʬ屻̿ˣ⺢Ӿһ졣
ҲͲˣֻܱܿ
û취ֻǼǵʰ·ӡ
Ĳ֪ûʰҵʲô̶ȡ

 72 

ýûдؼҵİá
ǵԼСʱסĻƽ, һز֪ʲôԭֻؼҡ
ȻҲûٹֻ󡣬Ǵ֮ÿ춼ڼ﷢ֺüֻ⡣
ؼһ, Сͦġ
;ͦģ֪ǲʱˣǳԺ󽥽ö, µĶҲͶˣǺڵòˡ
ȵҪȥ, СٹôҪѧ
ͻȻŴƣҲ֪Ŵƶûʲô
ÿ׼ȥʱŴƵϰ, СǴСȵģǸӵҲǸܺȡ
ǰ÷鲻ô죬ÿʳʳüСǵһ, ߸˵ȥѧϡ
ǰһһСŴ, ŵڶһ
ڶһӶԺӵŴζ, ĽѷʽɱԼһȥжҪЧʶˡ
ΪŴ׷Сӵĳθ˵е㲻, Ի׼͡
ֻǽѾеȲ
裬ѽ, ҪŴ׷ô

ֹ, ܵҲԵģ
ȥʽ㣬ҪǽҲ˵ҪԵĻ͸
õָȥȥˡ
Ӿܻ͸϶Ļش𣺡˵Ҳԡ
ʵ˼˵:㡣
ûôƽϣҲûҪȥ֤
ԭȫƵ, ҪŴƵĻҲǵܳϵġ
ھŵζԣǻֱŴ׷ȽϺһЩ
Ҳ鷳õķʱ͸պŴ׷ǽ
ļƻһҪģ˯һֻһŴס
ֻҲҪŵʱ䣬͸˵һ
ȳˣһԼŵ㣬ʮӾͿˡ
˲ûע⵽ֵһֱڳĴš
ãԹô
Թˣˡ
á
ְ֣ټ
к˵ӶԵֵ˵˳ڵһ仰ˡ
ֵӰһʧڳſڣϽ׷ʣ
ʲôʱܳԣ
⺢ԶǳԷļ緹ûԾͿ쿪ʼˡ
ڻУȳͰɣؼҾܳϡ
ȵ˶ȥæˣͻʣԼһ˼ڳæ
ҪǰæˣԽԽæԻԼá
Ŵ׷֮Է
һ¶Ƚ΢΢ֵʱҪʼմ׼õĵˮȰŴ׷ɢ
ŪɢĹоͿʱʱؼһЩһ߷뷹ʹ䲻ճţһ߰ѾȵذС
ȡɾȫûմ͵ѸոհþȵŴ׷װ룬ĴѹʵȻмҪһ㵽ʱ򿴿ˮ֮ڱһЩˮڱ档
ȻϸӣŵƽʱʳķûǰŴ׷ĽϾֻĽŲַ͹ȵ
Ҫһ˳ĻֻҪͿջ񵽺úȵŴˡ
Ϊ׷ʱСԵģȻҲصһŴ׷
Ѿ˿ǵ̶˳ҳЩ⣬ҪŴ׷
̶ĸСʱ˵ˮŴһ𳴳ɳɳŴŴĿڸУٰгСһµ
ζϷ㡢㻥ཻڣͺܺóԡ
Ȼڼ֮ˡ
ԼҵСʲôʱθڶܺãʹˣڳ̫ã˿ĵȫûθڡ
ֻԼһߺŰˣＸСԵһӾѾͦĵġ
⼸Сеġ
裬ô԰
ʱѾԹˣԼԾͺˡ
ȹ쿪ѧŴҲͷ͹ʱˣ򿪸ӾܿŴ׶мĶѾĶˮҲһɵ׾ƵζζͻǺζܺúȡ
ȫƽʱԼȵľƣںִ̼ζ
ŴƵʱûзˮĿǰҪֱôȵĻǾе̫˵ġ
ϲһˮ嵭ζ͵Ʒˡ
ϲӵľԼӵϲԲľҪԼ֡
Ｘ˵ĿζһģȻͳһͻԼȽϺһ㡣
ѧ죬̻Ҫ󣬸߸˵װһõѧУȥ
żûб䣬˼죬ǲȥѧУСѷ
ܾȵǣʱһˣؼҵʱȴؼһСŮ
Ϊǵһ쵽ѧУϿΣ˵ҵʱ仹ͦġ
ĸое΢һԼҶӴһСŮѾ￪ʼ뵽Լӵĳˡ
̵ȫûиܵĸ׵飬ɫ糣ǰ֡
裬ܿܿ˵óԵģҪһؼҡ
ԼҶӵڻеĸһʵ
ǰŴ۾̽ëСŮϲԾ¶ƭСӵЦ
ôܿܿǰɣллϲ
Ȼģˮܺúȵġ
ܿܿСŮ˵껰ϻźܲ˼Ц
ҿǮġ
ǮͲˣǼĻͦģҲ˼죬ллǷֵء
лл̡
ÿ
ҪԷʱˣҪҪǼҳԸ
Ѿȫʱ¡
ˣҲҪؼҳԷˡ
аɣȻҲֻܸ˼ҰѶװãȻý˼һؼȥˣͬһСѧģӦòԶ
С!ȥͬѧ
ѣ
ţȥѡ
̼˵ԼΪȷĳƺŵͷ˳ȥˡ
û뵽ԼһѻؼҵĵһӾȻǽ̣ƽʱֻСȤô
ͦԭġ
̣רŴŴȥܿܿǰɣרŸô
ȻˣöͬѧһԵġ
˵ͬѧ뵽ոԼǸƺ
ܿܿҲͬѧô
ѣ
Ϊʲôѣԭô
˵ҪͿɰСŮѣǰ۾ģ˵Ůÿˡ
ͺѣ
ѽ
˼ҴӦô
ţ˵ҿɰкӦ˵˧ŶԵġ
ΪԿ䣬ԼʶҲġ
ܿܿѾֻΪ۾󣿡
˵Ҳ

֪˵Щʲôô㺦˲ǳϸҲûʲô
Ҫ֪ڵСϢյô඼Ǻܵģ˼ӦþǵѶѡ
绹˵ΪʲôҪͿɰСŮô
Ӧòʲô顭ɣ
ûС
ҡҡͷ˵úÿ⿴žܴУܵõܶ𰸣кӦŮѡ
Ȼˣкк֮䲻׳Ϊѣöɡⷽʽ̫԰ɣ
⻰ôôǺ˵˵ĻϲԼСżԻᾭȥ۲ָ˲ͺˣ
Ϲʲô֣ȻҲ֪˵ʲôõģǡ
˵Ķô
Ҳ֪ȷʵкö֪
½ĸֵֹ⣬ǰһڣѵΪ˼Ůô
ֻǿ¶ı飬ʵڲö˵ʲô
ܿܿѵʱ˼ŮҪ˼һ㣬ҪϤ֮˼Ŷ
Ҫûˡ

 73 

ĺֽô˵ʲô, Ϊ沢ʵС
͵кӶô
غúýģ̫Ҫ, ڽһһ
뷨ʼǰӵعע
ǵӵľͷԼƵĿⶢҲ˵߿ʱʱҡͷ̾
ĺͷԡ
ϵػԼ飬ûзԼʲô鰡
Լϴδŵܵҳ߱һ֮, һְֱֱֹ֣Ǻúӵĵ䷶Ϊģ
һεĳʱ, ̲ס𣺡裬㵽ʲôġ
ȻڽĶĺ, ˲ãΪԼ۲ʮޡ
ôˣ
ôˣڼҵʱܲҪһֱô}ûš
ĺ԰εЦЦ, ɻǼΪ¡
û˵꽭ȻȻ°䡣
ҹ¹š
ļ, Сô˵ô˵Ļ, е顣
˵, £}ʲôô
ֵһҵŮ, Ѿϰ, Ļ⣬Լ˳Ļһ䡣
ΪҾ˿¡
Ҫôܵð
ŵһûͻ뷨ЩİܻɵĿǰ, ڳô
ҲǣҲУ㲻Ҫôˡ
ȫûʶͷİԼΪбԼõ˶ܳΪԼİѧϰĿ뷨ǲһġ
ܵܺĻҪǺĻҲܵкõӰ졣
Ǻǡ
ÿα˵ڶЦҲ̲סˡ
Ц㣬Ҫ㻹صصܵŮӽѣһ벻¡
Ϊʲôʱɹˣ
ȫӡġ
ɲΪ̻˵ѡ
ȷ
ôȷ
֪ԼƽʱͦģرǶŽ̵ʱ
ΪԼСסһ˵˵ǳе飬ֻܱ֤Լûнܵȥɲõ飬Ͳұ֤ˡ
Ŷȷ
뷨ͦġ
裬ѵ㲻õܱܵҺöˣû뵽ô⡣
ôΪģƽĶҲϲĺӣùܰ
ͻȻ⻰Ǻе
ֻһѲԼӦˣסһһǻụӰġ
Լջһɣе㲻롣
һѺӻǶһԵÿɰҪǶһšţе㲻֪ô˵
Ǻ롣
С
֪ķǵŮˣԼ࣬ؼʱ̻λε
νҲʱԼżΪֵֹ衣
ҵĶһġ
̸δ𷴶򷿵ͷס˵ľ䣬ԭҲû̫࣬кסһҲͦõġ
Ŀǰپϸ۲֮÷ֿסʵá
ԼڷŪһֵֹĶ̾ʱʱ񼸸ֵֹСؼ죬ٷߡ
ͻõ㣬͸ˣһ䣬϶ǲ̣
ֻ⼸׬ǮǽŲٻҲ٣ǺҲûʣʲô
ǮҲǵʱŷ٣ĵ̫еˡ
ԼȱǮҲܸ㶨飬Ҳôż
ʱ䵽ڡ
һҺþöûлȥϼңǴȫһȥ
ÿһλϼҿΧĻֺʺϵĸо峺СϪ۵⣬ҪΪҪӣԼ治ô뿪ط
һϼҽͽкɱ·ˣƽʱûܻϼ档
ŽСһȥˣô˵ģҲûƼù㣬ûضҪӼòٳԵĳš
ǸͲȥģȥҰ
˳·ȥֲֻԶɽǷ羰ġ
СӶԼȥˣͽ˾ͿʼʰĹ
ڷһԼɨԼģѾһʱʰˡ
ȵȫɨòʱֿʼʰĶ
ĶھʹȥǰɣҰֺˡ
УأҪǱ߳Էô
Ҫǰֲʾ֪϶ǲȥģϼߵĽˣϽҵˣҲûйȥĸо
ټÿζŽͽ̹ȥϽҳԷʹŽڼҲͦõġ
ÿ˵ڼԼһһ԰ɣҲͬ⡣
ҲûϴӦҪ룬׼ʱ˵ɡ
⻹治Ϊﻹƽʲô
ҪǽԼͲȥǱ߳ԷģǻǵСʱ顣
㲻ҪΪСӣԲãټѾȥôˣƶǲסˡ
Ǻܶʱе˺ĻһֱǵõģΪ˺úͼװǶѡ
ͺ񽭰ͽʱؾͻҪϼңϼҵˡ
ǽȴû˵Ļûʹپ
ڽҲûдҪϴӦУˣ˵һС
𲢲ٸ˵˰㣬¡
ʱ򣬽һ˸ػصˣСӣƻЩʲô߰ĶɲûζãԼʱԼθҲô
ôģ˭֪˭أ
֮ǰ˵飬Ȼǿ磬Ǿһġ
ؼˣԶô
˱ȥˣܵǻ㡣
ˣûûؼҹ
ָôûؼҿ϶Եİ
˵齭翴黹˵ŻʱϻЦ
黹ô˻˵ˣϵҳԷɡ
һ⻰ɵıһӾͽסˣǾɫȻĴӦ
ð
ȻվŽߵġ
ҪǲȥĻǾͲȥ¡
ûвȥҶԡ
û˵ԣ𷴶ǿ
鲻鲻ԸӣԸôʵڲȥ֮ǰһԼҲС
ȥɣûвԸ⣬˼Ҽڶһġ
ǼֲһǰôԺҲô
⻰˵ԥһ£ֱӰʳ
ʵҲЩûá
ȻӽڶԼ̬ԹĶﲢԼ
ǵԭǸȷʵǺϸĸ׵ӡ
ʻе㾪ȵ̧ͷʶֱ˵ûڹ˭
һֱܵĵؿѻĲĵһˡ
ðɣʵҶôǵǰ巢ˣҾֻ֪Щ˶ҲôöѣҲǡ᱾ܵءôˡ
˵Ϳһεı飬絹ǾԼЩԼСԹһӾˡ
ʵÿһνͽ˵үүʲô͸ܵö࿪ĵʱǻʧ䡣
Ҳһȷ֪ԼһЩĵλͼкǲһģ͸⣬ĵ͸ˡ
رԼС̬ȶһģǶԽһ㡣
һԱȲ͸ӵˡ
ֻЩС˼ȴ˵ڡ
һ̽ҲЦ˵һ䣺ûˣԼ̫ѡ

 74 

ͬһ²ͬ˶вͬĸ, ĸܲôãǾǵҳĲϸԵʡ
ôǽأ˰ıҪ㻹ûʱúñģûоͬͰ, ÿĲ㶼ҪʼȽˣͦ
뷨ֻǽȫûѻ˵ͱȥ
һΪҲء
˵뷨ԼԶ뷨ֹ, һֱů
ԼŮͷ㶼ôˣܵܡ
ܶʱ, ܶһֱһֱûа취ͻΪԼǺܼǳ, ϲԶϲ
еûбҪһֱ֣裬͹ȥ԰, ˼÷, ˹ȥɻʰء
ɫ, ȷϲǿԼ, Ҳͷ
͵Ǹ˼ƴԷˣ㵽ʱ͸Һ治˵Ͳ˵, Ե, ŲԿ
ľôģԼôϾϵҲǶõģͲô湦
У
ص˵ͷ, ҲСʱˣҲٳֶŶӸɻ飬ûʲôµġ
ҪӦùȥΪԼοǲֵԼ˺¡
ȻѾô˵ˣŽ絽Ͻȥ
ɲźԻݼѶ湤ȥˣһǲϼҵģСһһŮŲʮͣڶǽ̫һڴ
϶ҵĸкѾʮšʮĴˣСľͺͽ࣬˵ϽҼͥԱһˣк϶ҵӵġ
ôһӳԷʱ϶Ҫֿġ
˵͵кҪһôкطʼȾҲǳе顣
𻹲ԼҺôͽӴԷǰ̲ס˵䣺עǧܺȾƣմһ㶼ԡ
ȻҲûǸ˵ҲҪŵ㺢֪ôҪơ
ŮǾʹСһһʼϰԵ͸ְһ𣬲ﵽԼһˣͿɱױιơ
˵£뵽ЩеľϲÿմžСӳһȵĶǰ׾ƣָߣΣհ
𶼵ˣɩǰк
ɩ
̫̫һֱżӣ͹ԼߵСӣȫӵġ
ȻҲ˵˭˭ѾǺܺõദʽˡ
ɩȫĸ첲˵ɩʵи˵ˣҲͲһˡ
ͻȻЩ̫õԤУôǲܺúóԷƽƽദô鲻ˡ
Ȼᣬֻ˼ҶôҲõûô˼Ҽ
ʲô°Ҳ֪ܲܰæ
ҲǶ飬Ƿ¡
ӣǰﲻæİɡ
ɲԼܰæ϶һҾסլ˵Ǻͽһҷּҵ˼Ҳڼסִֻ̫̫סһ䡣
˵סĲ˵ǿ϶ǹˡ
ⲻǣҲжʮɼҵʱˣ϶Ҫ·ģҲ֪ͷլж롣
˵⻰һ£ɩ۲ɫû¶ʲô˵ıż˵ȥ
ҾܲȽҵķϣȻĵʱǼҰլһǿ϶ҲϽ÷ӣ´һһֱӾס·ȥҲ
ʲô˼ֻĿɾͲ˵ˡ
һլصжټ⼸꽨ӵҲʱܽӵλøԼȿ϶ͲôˣŹء
ⲻ̫ðɣ˽黹ס·á
ҪȽˣû϶ϣģοǵ˼ҪһĿǰڵķԼҵľӡ
˵µķûʲôֵĿռ䣬ҲռˣرǱҪ͸ˡ
ɩû뵽ʵôֱӣɩⲻҲס˵⵽ʱǽõ·á
ŶҲռˡ
ɲⷬûסƲƲ졣
⡭ҲûϵҲ˵˵ѡ
ɩЩεЦЦٶ˵
ߣ˭ɵأ
սոϨ£̫̫ʱ򲻸ʼįس
սתơ
ǹӹǲͦģͷܼ˰æɻѽ
ָ֪ЩǣɵԸ⣬Ҫסһ𲻵ñĥʲôӡ
ûԼˣҲֵһ߿Ϸ
ЩҵĶôãϴЦ䣬뼸ǰøӣȻӺùˣҲʼעԼ档
˵ġζٷԵͦġ
ؼҵ·ϣ𻹹һԼһʼ̫ԸȥԷŮ
㣬ٷô
ԡ
緢̫ദĳͻԼŴһЩòųȥЩˣĴٴһ;òˡ
˾Ӧ߳ԵľҪȥԣһʵ⡣
ٴȷ´һԷǿԵģ
絹ǲΪʲô⣬˵ľ̫ûкϽҵһദŷ˵ı仯ܴ
԰үүͶܴһҲһôγԷѣ˵Ҫǹˣ͸ûлһԷˡ
ת̫죬ûзӦȻҲ˶һˣ⼸ҲûʲôìܣһԶٷǿԵġ
ϾҪǵ˲ˣҪ뵽ĸദòǢ᲻и񣿻˵𲢲Ŀܡ
Ů£ƺܶ۰Ӹĸ̫Եġ
ŽˣŮ
صԺͿվһֻƯβļ
ģ
ǵóŵʱﻹûСһɡ
Ҳ߿ȥãҡҡͷ
ͲˣƾǼСӼؼҵģ֮ҲûĴ𰸡
һתͷͿߵƵĸˣԽԽôΡ
ʼ˵״̬Ҫ֪һǰ棬ִֿ졣
ٿڱں棬֣ʱʱü˵仰ôͲСӡ
Ψһֵҵľʮ껹ûط⸹Ҳû˵ġ
ʵ̫ĥˣϽ߿㡣
һƾ͸Ͻһʱ䵽˼ҡ
СǴĲ
ͦ໰˵ġ
ʱٸԿģһ˳ԵģܵʹؼˣͦÿģͲ֪òóԡ
𲢲븽ʹӺ仰ҪصСӵİõġ
ǲˣŲǺܾһֻɣҲͦһֻҪƽʱļÿ㡣
֪ʱͱҲûɹҲǼ
ɵľ񣬲ɵİ˳ɾǼǽͼ֮ĸۡ
ǰͽع۲һ£ݰëûʲô󡣡
ʱڸϵ£ԻҾӦˣû˿ڡ
еĵǣӦòɣҪ
̲ԼҸ˵ȥ
ģҵʱȥͺˡ
ǲǺܶ㻨ǮͶǻˣؼСطľǿţȼݵġ
ʱԼСӾרȥΪ˼ҵģԺƾѧҽһӡ
ǵʱˣٷߣ
Ȼˣ
̻شǽһն
þǶһ䣬Ҫǽ϶˳ԣͽ˷ţȫһġ

 75 

һ˾ͻصس, Ͱ࿪ʼ
Ƚ˿ϧľǣ̴ؼҵСһֱ, س֮󣬶û컹ˡ
Сģͳûؼ֮ǰֱýͰֻʬҸطڿӺúˡ
ӻؼҵĵһʱŵСһ, ֻǽעʧˡ
裬㿴ô
ûע, ǲˣ˰ɡ
˵ͿżСӽ, ϻϸСë
ûз֣˿¹ȥˣɽһ۾Ϳǲմϸϸë
, ҵֻˣ
ȫס, û, ˵㡣
㿴ϻë, ֤ݡ
û뵽ԼҴôһ־¶, ҪԼСԼȥ, еô
ʱҪǰοԼСӣСѽѹ
̾üֱǰ˵, 
ˣôܲѹ
ˣЩˡ
ûбԣôᱻأʵˣֻȥ˶ѡ
̿ɲ⻰Ҫǽǰôء
磬֮ǰ˵Եġ
ֻ˵˵ѣûôɡ
Ҳ˵壬ƽʱʲôһʳüֵǺô
ԴӼС̳Ժ󣬼ŵģȫûĻᡣ
ҲϽæͣС̣㻹Ĵˣһؼҵʱֻ񶼽Ӳûˡ
ֻǽΪԼҸ粻̫ţǡȥҪȷˣû͵͵Ե
⻰е㲻ôˣһûɥĲ˲񶼲Ź
⻰ˣ̫ݣȷʵʳӡ
Ǿڴȥ
ϵܣ춼ˣӱ߻С磬ȥҸոȥСʬ壿㲻ô㡭
ã
Ҫȥ
ţ
Ȼô֣ۿʵǶ㲻Ǿֻô˳š
߰ɡ
ƨɣȳȥ
æѵ磬ϲѽ
⻰ý￩һ£е㲻ԤС
ϲӸ
طˣҪڳҿѽҪô֪ûƭأһŵʣµأ
ҵġܰУʹţ߰ɡ
ѾﲻסҪƢˣֻһ߷ʹɫû취ֻò鲻Ըش϶ͽһš
˳źô
ֻʱſڵ˵ֻܿһӰಡһ´Լǰɱ͸ʲôֲĶ׷һ
һ͸һڣһ극Ϩ֮£ȷʵŵùǺġ
ֱӺ󽭰̲ݣպǸʧȫһ
״̬ȫֵͬܣܺ档
ܵܲǺúõػղŵʲô
û˻ش𣬽̾Ѿ磬ôô죬һû˵!
⻰˵ýҲ
״̬ӹĺˣʲô
̱ѿתͷ˵
̵²ӣҸոո署ˡ
ǲͦõô
һѵܹĳ棬ûʲôⰡ
ɫܲÿز˵ǹ¡
ͦΪȻģĻܱܵŵ
ͽӦҲʲôֲ̫Ĺ£ʲôµģ˼ҶǸŻܵܵģôͷأ
Լҵܵ˵Ǿ˭˭֪뻹¡
ոǻ˵߶һ£ҺһӡһӡһС磬˵ôֱǹˡ
û뵽Լӻ츳е㱻ˡ
С˵ô
ûУ˵һ粻ô
֪Ϊʲôý̵ı鿴ΪźӣҪҪ˵ꣿ
ֻǻûȵ̻ش𽭰ֱӾܾˡ
ҪǸóԷˡ
練ԽҲǿĵѡ˸ʱ䡣
ҲУǸ˯ʱٸ˵ 
ϧûиܵģֻĶ⡣
ôˣİֻˣ
벻ʲôԭҪôڽôԿܵϵأ
ûѽһжúõģǡڵʱ򣬲СİСͷֱӸˡ
赭д˵ţϵı鿴ʲô϶ľˡ
Ҳǹģǻƫƫڿġ
оԼǺԩȫ֪Լˡ
һʼĻȥֻȻܵܵĻȥڿ֤ԼˣһСľˡ
Ҫ˵ʲôĻҲֻǵùˡ
ұȽϺĹ£
ԼҶԼƤӵ£Ȼ֪ʱչµ֪ʶ档
ȥʱ򣬾һҴֻ·˼ңģȤѽ
⼸Ų٣֮ǰЩµزپҵܾ̿ײ˼Һˡ
е㲻ŵȷϵ浽һŷ㲻ڵ죿
ţǰ
ȵ϶𰸵Ľе㲻ˣ֪ʱӦúúÿԼܵܣͻȻԼԼĸо
̾;úĴţ裬ҾЩ˼дĹô
еģ㻹С뿴飿
ʵڲ̫ȷôСĺӿ鲻ӰôȻĿǰǽӰ
˼ġ
ҲУһ͸飬ҪԼҲС
޿Ŀǰ۵ˣԼǰһƬڰ

ǺŻؼңȻ֮ǰи
û뵽ľͿʼÿ춼ؼҳԷŵҡ
ôŻ
裬֮ǰҲ˵ˣѧ֮ҪȥѧСʱŻؼô
֪ôģͲܻؼҳٹȥ㶼ôҪҪֹȥ㣿
ˣһؼҵġ
֮ǰǸʦҵģ
Щ˼ͷ££Լͷ衫
аɣ˵Ͳ˵
Сĵؿɫ̽ʵ裬Ҫ뿼ѧУô
⵹֮ǰȫûбⷽеͻȻ
ǾҪʡˣʡûĴѧ
Ͼ߿ָҲô꣬һЩѧУûôȫ棬رѡ͸ˡ
ؼԼŮȷʵ㲻ѧϰܺõģȻǺܶǽ϶츳һ֡
ǲô뽭ѧȥѧôרҵģοҪϲмҲͣûѧˡ
ԣѧҪܺԶġ
а𣿡
Ҳ֪
ô˵ˣҲ˵ʲôԵĻ
¹ĽҲǿԵʲôҪֻԼҪ
ǲȥѧɣ
Ϊ˽ԼģȻ˵ͬ⣬˼Ǳˡ
ҲǷԣֻǲýôԼһҪ
˵˵Ϊʲôȥѧ˵ʵ
Ҿÿİ
ǻģΪһ𻭻㿪ģ
ô׼ȷʻýеһʱ֮䲻֪ôش

 76 

һֱûĻص, е֣ţô˵ˡ
û𡣡
ʶؾҪԹ⡣
ɴȥˣʲôҶǲᷴԵģϾԼ, ͻСϣһһ㡣
˵ǺܾˣɣԺźֱ, ɣԺòúڹԼ, ǲȷôΪѡ
ô, Ҳ֪ô˵
˵ʲô˵ʲô˵ˣҲ, ˰ɣ
ģ
˵˵, Ҫô˵, Լը, ˵ļҳһ£ܲһ¡
Ҳֳ, ٷְһо, ˰ɣȻ㻹Ҫһɡ
ܵѾô˵ˣ绹ǺרעؿԼ֣˼û˵
ʵҪֻǻĻ, 𻹲̫ܣǾͲһ͸߿ʱڻϵʱȴԽԽࡣ
žһ·ȥȴΪϲ
;ԼбҪ˵仰ˡ
˺þòűĳôһ䣬裬ûˡ
⺢ǲǹģصȷûиô
ڿЦô
һ˵ô仰ڷӦͦġ
Ҿһʱ֪ôشϹ˵һ䡣
ɲΪϹ˵ģѿڶʵ뷨ô
Ǻϲһ˵ģҪ֪˲һǻһһӵһ
˵ͦеԼ뷨Ǻܶ˲ڴѧҵ־ͬϵİôҪͬһѧУĻ͡пˡ
Ȼûкȷ˵ǸһĻǱֵúԵġ
⻰˵Ҳ֪ηǸ˵أɵ
ûͬһеĴѧôҲͦġ
ģǡ
ҹǿϡ
㻹֪֮ͦģͬһѧУܿϣѧѧô棡
ʵҲһĻҪһġ
Ļֵһ㣬ӦöԻҪ󲻵ͰɣԼô
Ҳ̫С
ʻشúܳʵ
ȫ¿ˮ̵Ļش𾪵ˣУ㻹ôֱ׳
ǡ⡭ΪʲôúרĻΣǾ׵һѧϲô
ʵÿ˶Ǻ˽ԼģرԼĵطֻԸԸϡ
Ҳʱŷ֣Լʵʲôһء
ֵֵֻȴȫûʵһֱƶ£ȴʲôֻƾԼ뷨ġ
ĬҲ֪Լ˵ĵ׿ףֻܹ˵ͦһʱģԺú롣
ҹʱͻȻϴһУȻ߰ĽŲͳڷſڡ
𶼱ˣַӦܿ죬һʱȥţͽӵһ˵Ĵӡ
Ժ̽ͷһۼûʲô£Լر˯ˡ
ֵͷ˫סԼĽûʲô飬вԾ͸¶һ
ôһСӣȻԼʮĴӣһ㶼Ըš
ϵıȫﲻסЦôĬĬظڽģһһֱֵúܰγɼĶԱȡ
ֶԽûʲô̫ģֱִԼϳֱӷʣʲôˣ
⻰һӦǸ״ֻǻûڣ͡ҵװˡ
˵ŽԼô˵ڡ
ôһ˲佭Լǲˣ⣿
ıļֱҪ
ԼҲе㷴Ӧ󣬵ֻҪһ뵽ղţҹĲһ磬૵˵Ұͷҡ
˭˭֪ȫ֪ôͻȻ֪Ŀأİ̫ˡ
ȫͽһطˣ׵ܵеΣա
»Ҳ˵ˣŽֶûзӦʱѾèֱܵȥˣһǽռŴһλһ
ֽץűǣŵضŽֿţ¶Էһ°Լ´
ͦ˴ԼϸߵģǿŲһ£üͷ˯ò̫ӣҲ̫Ķ
ֻ߽ûô죬Ǳ߽Ҳ˴λöûôŴҲ󣬼µĸˡ
ϵģֵһô֣˴
ʵû취ˣֲڳ˯ֻСľ㣬Ҫ裬ʲô˵
Сסص˵ͷ
ڶһ磬ˣұˣ
͹ˣ۾ͿӺС˯ԼһһңΪɷĽ֣ȫӰ
Сôܵ˯ˣ
һʼһ⻰뵽Լһ̣ˡ
ҪСȥ
שͷһֻ࣬˯СգգԼˮ۾޹Ŀһȫ֪ʲôӡ
ý̶޹ģ˵˵˵ˡ
ԭԼ̫˵ڵĽһĻ˶ˡ
ƽһҪϴܷ̬ȣ
㵹˵ܵܶû˯ء
Ǻ˵ģֻǻߣʵھе㶪ԼģȻСĵܵŵ
ҡ
ûôĥĥӣ㵽˵ʲô
ѣֻС˵ܵҹҴҡ
ˣɶҲûʵе̫С̫ˡ
ʽ̱ȽϿףС̣ô贲˯ˣ
ȹģҾ͸ںġ
ǸΪʲô
ϸ¹̣ţȻֱЦˣ
ԱһֱйעĽӾ͸ӵѿˡ
תͷָؿ򽭰ʾԼϺú˵Ҫȥܵܵ³
û취ˣֻԼڣҹģ̹װҡ
£ȫ֪飬ǶݵѣѾȫûκμ䡣
ŵˣȻܹˣ
Ȼϣȷʵģš
ԱȴӱŵСе棬С̣˵ô
ģ
ϸﲻ˯
˯ˣˣȻҾ뵽ӡ
Ǹ类ŵˣŶ
磿
Ǳŵˣһܲˡ
˵ģܱܵԼСü꣬ĲôСͰǾ仰̻ȥˡ
ԲԺҲˡ
˴Ҳûϵ֪˾С
Ļ̺صͷûȽٶ˵Щʲôͺܺطʣ
ǸΪʲôôС
ºˣողƽԼĽ
ҲǵС̫ˡ
ǷˣʵǼкӶƤģƽʱŰأȤζһ㶼١
ǰȫû֣ûǸ㡣

 77 

˵ѹѾһ, ܾô㲻Ծĵطǰְȥˣ
С֪ô㲻˼һЦ
͵, ӦǵǷȥ˯ˡ
ǿУСӻҪ˯أ
ô㲻̫ˣȻԼռ˴, ҲЩЦá
һ½˵Ҷþúþûиһ˯ˡ
ͷٴһ͸һ˯, вҪ
μӸ߿һ, ͿʼķҲˡ
ڽרѧϰѾȫͶ뵽Ļϡ
ΪҲѧϰõˣаտϵҲǱʡʦѧԺ, ѧУλþڸ, ĺôӦþԺؼһ᷽һЩ
֮ǰ̸漰Ǹкûٹ, ںҲûἰ
콭ѵõشʽװ, ʱڶž·, žͱƽʱЩżӵĸо
һ߿žͺȥһ, ôˣҲô߰ϻŵЦ̾
ʵҾеԼֳһ˲䣬ôһ㾢, ر˧
ִ߿ǰԾԾԵˣѵھӦ÷ſ֣Լ
ؿһֱۣק
㶼ϴһ;ͲҪˣ˧ˣһĸʵòá
Сˣֻ־ҪǷһ߳īߺڡ
ҾðɣҪҶɢˣŻұ
һֱֱһģô˵Լ⣬õľ͹ֵϡ
˵̫糳㣬Ȼⲻ͡
Ҫô˵ϰ߹ڼ֣ϰһմУʮܲջǵԼϱ
Ŷ
ǳ鴤һ£úõһ治֪˭ѧģԽƤԽ
ֻ˵𾢣һͷͿСԴź͵͵̽һػЦ
һ죬ӲͷƤ͵͵ʲô
ֽͽϱܿһҲֱ֪ܻʵ裬ǾʿԳô
ˡˣһ
һĶûе֪ڷʱСӾ͸ùԹŲ͵ôȻҲûйš
һ˽ҪҪ￴·ӣ˳ٹ֣м¿ķֵҲҪҵ
ոտԣͽһǳУһСѧС
ŷ֣ӣûһһѧĻᣬȫǴӵʱ仹ͦȵġ
ڱȽϹһ⣬裬ˣԺǲǿ㵽ˣ
Ӻüǰŵܵ˶ٴ֮ҲûسǣҪҲܡ
Ȼͳ˼꣬Ƕﻹǳġ
бۿŸӶѾԼ߳ͷĴӣͦġ
㶼ϸУҲùأôһСӣѵ߶ɣ
ԺԼ
ôϲôõ㣬вܵˣʱ춼ܵ
Ҫ춼ҲûôȤ˵£һǲҪ̫ΪԼ
ǹˣס˼ѧϰϣҲϾеİá
ΪԼ⻰˼ҵ˵Ҷϸһô
ˣѧϰ˵ôνǿ׼ԼƢô
ҲʶԼոմˣ֮ǰͻСԺ϶Ŭġ
ı仯ͼǰҲǴͬˡ
ֲ˵Ҳ˺ܳɹģҵ֣СسＸҵＸҵ꣬ɢɢġ
־Ҫæˣʣµĸ˶ġ
һһӾͱ·æľȥæȥľȥ
Ѿʼĸһ֧ʼĴƣһʼ黹Ǻܲġ
ȻҪǲԼǮܸõˡ
һѡľͷеԼǰӦǽĻҪԼ顣
Ȼ˵һֻһҪҪľҪԼǮɽϵĶеŶ
裬ô
ǾҪˣǽԼĶС
ڵĵӸʮĴĺڰ׵ӣԼǶûʲôȤ
ӹƶ˼̨ҲûʲôÿĽĿһֱûҪ򣬲ԼС˵Ǹϡǿ԰ˡ
ʵҲ̫ľ״˵һ˵ҲûϴӦҲеʧȥƷȥˡ
һ˵ǵӻͷʵҲˡ
Ȧµ뷨һô
òϰɣֲ·ͷ켸ѡ
Լòϵģ˵˼￪װģиСķװΪʲôҪڼڸһ
ԼҪõġ
ʵûʲôرҪģƽʱСԼˡ
ѵ˵ԼһǮȻҪԼĲܼĶҪʲô˼
ãôС޵·ҲҪãһô̫׼ɡ
Ȼõˡ
ĿǰԼͦôġ
ǼûеطŰ
˵سǵļңʵҪؼǽҪԼãķкһסûеطˡ
Ҫ߽ķ䵹ܷ£̫㡣
˵˽ڼѾԼҳһˣҪһŸӲ̫ʱ仨ѧϰϡ
ǽͽ̿ףһѡ䣬Ǽϴѧϵģһѡһʮ飬չ֪ʶġ
񽭰ҲҪҲҪѡ˺þûûܶʲôȤֲǶҪ
˵Ŀһ׵̵ʮô࣬۸Ƚͽ˵Ķ󣬵ʵںϲҲ͸ˡ
ֻһģڼﲻѾ𣿡
ȫ棬Ҳһ㣬ǶԼڴԼģûôá
˵оݵģҲǺܶǿ˵˰

Ȼôأõ룬ɹˣĿǰֻôοοԼˡ
ҪԼ̲סŽѧϰΪɱרעСá
鶼æ꣬ȫ˻ϣҪǽֵĸ˹ȥһȥ·
ֻû뵽·꣬˵¾ȫûз֡
ŵʱ򣬴ҿܺöûдɡʵǾ·Ҳ̫ԶǼҡ
½ֵһӦֱӱԼװף첽ܻؼңʣӾʹŶ俴ϵ׳ϰ֣ɱȥҲûǡ
ںԶԶؿǵӰȫزӲ˶ܳ
ĻǣҺðŵȥˣ˵ӵװǷˮģԼӦúúõġ
˵ĶеأȵߵԼҷʱѾȫ¶ʪ͸ˡ
ֻû뵽ܻؼôҲûõȥ
ͽ綼ȥϴ裬䣬ʱֲԼ
ڵʱ򣬺ϵطʣ֣㱳裬ǲǾΪ㵲š
εԼıӣ˵һʱжʧ󡣡
Ҳû뵽׵ţԼĹУȫкȥԼֻʪ˵ͷͿš
ǻأܵöۡ
ôܿϴ裬øðˣ˵˱ϵ裬۲š
ȫ֪׿ǳԽеǴðģ
ҲԼ죬ĬĬ˷䡣
ȵҶȽʱ۲ǵ¼ҡ
ǲŷȻ濴˲µĺۼѾȫװ޹
ǽ涼ѩѩ׵ģҲǿĲҲ˴שɫƤɳг׵¼Ҿ
ֻǽǺܲ⣬裬ΪʲôҪԺӵƽѽ˼ڶס¥ġ
ڵｨ˲¥ŶǺɵģƽ˵ϲ¥
Լô˵ҲӰɣ·ҲˣȻѡ¥ʵڲ֪ôġ
룺Ҫʲô¥ƤģиԺӶãԺ򲻵أ
³ľϲԺӣҪ¥Ժ׬ǮԼȥ
ⲻ˵˵ô
νģ¥ݶ۰Ҿƽͦõġ
һǻӦģ裬ҲϲԺӡ
˵ĻĴʵΪľϲԺӡ
ȻҲһġ
ǻΪһЩ߰СɰϲԺҲҪԺ׬ǮԼȥҺֵġ
еСίҲûڼʲô
ѵΪҲô

ҲˣҪ𲻼ֹĻԼҹܱ

 78 

Ժݲݻͦġ
Լ·ӵСԺӳһ¡
ֻǷԵҲ֮, ǻֲ!
˶һͬصͷһǳԼ֮⣬ûһȤˡ
ǽ̿ɫʵڲ̫, еɵ顣
裬Ҫʻ߼ڻˣùܻܶô
뵽ֵĻ
˸˵Ȥ, 䣬ֶǺɫϺĲǺܺÿ
ȫû뵽ͦ׷, ֻǾˮƽǲΪֵûĹĻ
ѵõƽʱճԵĲ, ֵͦõģһܳԵĶˮƽֱ½
˵ɶɶ, ԼƽʱÿĻؼ, ־ûѹ, Ҳ֪ʲô
翴еԾԾԵ, òڴǡ, ֻˮƽ, ʺֱġ
Ƕ֣ңҾƫƫԺӣȫæȥ
ǲǻôҵʱ˰ɡ
һ, æҡҡͷ˵ʲô֣ССأ
ĸڴӵģַԸŻʱҲܹ˹Լ顣
ǻǲҪ׷ЩЩҲͦÿġ
ȻҶôԣҲǿˣҲס˵ɡ
ֻͲôˣССݲУǴͷһЩԺҲǺܲġ
ʵСҲͦõģϼҵԺһ
ѽòˡ
ʵǺܻǰù֮˼ûÿȥչ
ȻҲȫΨһһǵµˡ
Ҳͦõģܳ
ҲУҪƷ֡
ѼԺֻ϶һӣǷˡ
ҪϹôĹѡٺʲˡ
¼¹滮û֮ǰѧУѾѧˡ
ο˵ǽͷһسԶţԼһȥ˵ǲôģҪ˵ԼȥͰ־ǲ̫ˣ
ʮ߰ںܶ˿ǿԳɼҵͣѧòżҳ˰ɣԼŮǵĵġ
ҲΪϸѧҪͣʵǰ˼͵򹤣ǲǸԶô⣬ϸѧҲɣ
裬ҶԼȥѧУģͲҪôࡣ
ŮһչǲȫģԼͦȥģеγ;ãֳ;ģȫЪˡ
ټϾ㶫̫࣬һӻҪģԼݵŮû취ôණôԶ
Լôʱ϶Ҳ١
ҶһôͲˣ˵ҲòŴ̫ණ
Ȼһٱ֤Լԣǲ̫ĵġ
ǾͰĿͶԼһĴϣʮĴСӣѾǿԱкﲻҪһ³ȥ棬һá
ӡ
ǲ𣬽һ̧۾ͿԼ迴ԼϻЦʲô£
㿪ѧʱȥɡ
ʱΪֻ͵ĳվϾǴģҲҪһСʱҲ
аǲһȥ
ȥǵҪ㵽ѧУܻؼҡ

һʱûе㲻ȷǾԼȥ
š
ȵȷĴ𸴣ǰһ漸ٻô
˵ѵõĻᣬȻ죬ͼʲôһ
Ҫ죬ҲͦģϾôԶ࿴ۻͦԲԼġ
ҲУҪǵð͵طһʱȴ绰ؼҡ
û⡣
Ӧôʹ죬ҲΪܿҲͿѧˣҲ治˼졣
о㲻ҪǣͿѧʱС
š
ܹԶ㿴ķ羰ǺжģĺҲûǵܵܡ
ǵܵһȥô
Уȥæģֲȥ档
ϷԣҪȫҳˣСԶһҪչ˵һ϶ǲȥҵġ
Ǻðɡ
ǶýһȥֻǺ͵ܵܵĸã˳һ£費ͬҲǶʧ
ܵܣȥ̽̽·ٴһҲȥˡ
̶Գȥ鲢ûжȤ
ûϵһСô󣬾͸ȥѧУˡ
һߵͷеܿϵĻϴѧʱҲϸеĴСˡ
Ȼ˵Ļ⣬Ҳ˵ʼ䡣
ҲܿҪ
ֻϧѧû̫࣬϶Ҫģ˵Ҫȥͦãġ
ȥҾͿô
ô
Ա߶еȥˡ
˵Ϳ϶ܿϣȥ׶úÿ
ȻΪԼСسǻû׶ѧˣΪҲֻǸͨ˰ˣʵʵĺá
Ҳûпܵģûǿġ
̵ǵ棬Ҳûʲô뷨ʹú˽һ£پ
Ҫú룬ѡ˼ĵط
ܵûиĻͷҲԶԹ⡣
ԾҪѡģǰ;Ŷϵܡ
裬㲻˵Ҫ׼·㻹ȥ￴
ҲͦбҪģ˵ǰһЩ׼ϲźá
аɣڼҲʰԼĶҪȥϼ졣
͵վ죬ϴѧĴرһ˻ر¡
ڳϲҪ˯һ˯ˣһһҪš
š
ǮһҪźãǮ㻹ܻص
õġõġ
˵ͽ˾ַĵͷ
ЩӸճʱѾѺöΣΣǾԼ¶ûģҲǷܵĻӦ
ע㲻Ҫ˿㣬رǿЩˡ
ⷬ˼һ£ʲô
˵ģȷʵ̫˼ճӡкûˡ
˵ˣҲֲˡ
⻹˲֪ôݡ
Ͷע㣬˼ҴǾҪǶСҲﲻ˼ʲôæ
õģ֪ˣ裬ʱҪˡ
ٵʱҲٶ˵ʲôֻСǵǰú͵طԼƽƽػ
֪ˣһչ˺ҽġ
Ҳ˵ʵϳʱѾˡ
裬ȥɣˡ
˻е꣬⻹ǵһôԶѧĺӣٹԼͻҪߵڶȻҲԶˡ
ʱô죬һӣĺӾʹȫ벻˵СŶ󣬵˿뿪ĸߵʱˡ
Ǻܿͻ顢ӣظźԼ־ͬһ
һʱ;ԼʹˣӦϢˡ
ʲôеѣα黪ӦûǿԵİɡ
أֱ۱£תͷͿԼСӣһӾѹˡ
裬㶼ˣҲؼҰɡ
߰ɣؼҡ
еðأڲ׼ϳС
СУٻܰѼСߣʱĴȥ鰡ĿǰǾͲҪʲôˡ
ѽ͵ѧУ֪֮ǲܵѧѧΧѬգؼ֮ѧҵϺġ
Ϊ˸еԵʣŷֲġ
ȥֻҪֻҪһʱ䲻Ǵܵܵȥ棬ǵæڼҵԼĶ
Դ͹ȥѧУ֮ʱڼ鿴ѧؼҶƽʱ˲٣˵ѧУʦ⡣
ܾԼҴͻȻôƴô㲻Ծ
ֻʽʱҲֻ˵Ҫúѧϰ˵ڴ
ǲ֪˶ԽʲôڴǿôŬӣǺοġ
Ѳ˼˵ģӻһͻȻԼˣˡ
Ҳ̫ͻȻˡ

 79 

Ծ, ԼŬϽԾضٽ̵ƽʱڼҵѧϰ
ⲻڼңǰס´, ܹеʵܣڿʲôأ
̶ֳĸϰΪҲ֮ǰԵ顣
ҿ˵Ż־ֱùڿŵ, һǣ
ԶҡҷӰԿһӰԼƶ, ûŲȴЬקڵϵ, ܾЩԾǰȥʱסƿ, ĿԶš
ſһС, žذ鱾ϡҵС, ôġ
е̼, ԽԽ뿴һ˷ܣδ
ǽڳһı, õܵܿԼĺ, װԴǵ˵㻹Ӧðʱѧϰϡ
ϧ̲ӣ֮ǰʱкö඼˷ѵģ֮ǰҳȥҲǸġ
һ죬, ǻάԼΪϡ
ڲһˣΪδĶҪڿʼŬ޵ʱѧҵϡ
˵ʱ˷ѵġ
˵ʱ˷ܣ㻹СôԼ
Ҫ⻰ʲôˣʮأ
Ҳͬⷬ鲻ҲͦõģҲѧϰѽ
룺Ҳˣ㿴飬ܾòȫĪѧôø˯˾ô
Ҿö࿴ѧϰ顣
ͻĸ罭̺òϰߣ뵱ŴȥһӱͦǰǸġ
ǸÿȥʱҪѧϰйصģǿҵ飬ѧϰϵͰиˡ
һ·ǲӦãǮǲܵģ
Ҷһҵ˭֪˭ҵ㻨Ǯ࣬ԼǮԼģء
ҲӦǮңȥ
˵˲򣬽ҲνҵǮҪϲ飬Щҵϵʱҵע
ûʲôЧܻҪΣԼǮתƷ
ʦѵûвҵ
ҵд
ǾӦúúԤϰҪϵĿˡ
Ҳаɡ
ƢǺܺõģ߶߶һĲݵģҲֻòÿͲˡ
ֻѾǵǸԹԵСҲԼӦԷ
̺ܸɴذʱڼдҵԤϰѧУμǿ飬Ҳ
ڴͻûʲô뷨ģ⺢ӳһʱ𣬸ɺܶ飬ֻһѧϰ϶һҲ֡
ʱ򵽵ֶܼòǹؼ
ѧؼңصҾ͹ߵԣüеС˷ܵ˵裬֪ܵСϱ𣿡
½ԴΪ⺢ӵĿҪ˵˵ܵòˡ
ģΪҲǲ˵
ƺҲʶô˵Ǻܺãɾ»бҪ˵ѹһ˵ûк˵ͦ˶ô˵ġ
£ûʲôԣҲһ鶼ֻǻѧȺѡ
ԼţĶЩҳҶ̵İԶѡ
ֻ¹СӣҪĺ֪ܶĻȷʵӦһ¡
šܻܵôһ°ɣҪ⻰þˣܵܺ˼Ů̫á
ûǽͽ˵˵ȽϺãҪǵҳһͽȥͱøˡ
ҲֻС֮Цп˺ĵСܲӣҲ̫ӡ
û⡣
ʵҲǺ⻹ͬѧż˳ڸġ
һѧͱȴʱĽȲİص
ϵܣǲֳˣ
һؼҾĪĸһֵֹ⡣
ûС
ûУѲԼϢ󣿽ʣСϱһ
ǹ⣬ЩôҲôģ
Լ鱨ûģٽ׷ʣ˵ûаɡ
Ը罭Ȼ̸ʵʵػش𣬡ͬѧѣһȺ˶ôĺ˵˵
кӻãǸŮһʱ٩˵Զ˲٣Ҳ˲١
ֵ֮ĸоԼǺغദͻȻͱɡ
˵˵ɣô£㻹ϲСŮ
ȫ񰡣ʵ󲻳̰ȥϲֺŮӵӣԼҵܵľľô翪ϣӦòɡ
Ҫ˵ЩгԵĲˣСżˣû˼
Ҷ˵ûУͨͬѧѡ
ܽ˵ĺնģɽǲ̫š
Ŷ
СѧʶģǸȥѵġ

ܾԼڷõܵܳ·ػأһνһγԼ⧲
磬㲻ǵˣԼ˵кӾӦú۾ĿɰŮѵġ
һɹ£
ȥˡ
ʵԼ֮Ҳ֪Ƕǲ׵Ļܿܿһ飬гԵһһۣദͦõģҲϰ
ϳ֮˵ͬһѧУֵͬһ࣬˵ϵǸһ㡣
Ҳȫû뵽һֱܵĹϵ˳оͱ
Ӵӽ̵Ļ˵Ǩŭζ
û£ñ˵ȥɣû飬顣
ֲĲ⣬ǾֻǺúõѣкӲҪ˼ŮӲһ˵ŮҪģͺѧҪȥһ
ֱǸŮɡ
ֵֹģʵڶһ˵ˣʱԶˣҲ˾ͺá
ôأദ಻װܾôױӰ졣
ɡ
̫²Ҫ⣬ЩСƨҲͣˡ
ڽЩȽ̴ϼ˲ûôȥעЩ飬Ҫ̫⡣
磬˵Ŀô
ǽ̲Ҫȷʵܶʱ򶼲ŵ
⻰ͲˣΪ绹ǺܺϸģһֱǺȷָ
ϾȽ곤꣬ѵ⼸ǰ׹ģ
ûƼôƵĽ̶ܺŮѣʱʱƤһĸ硣
Լһ㣬ֱ
Ȼˣ㿴ȥѣ㲻ͽһôûɡ
ô˵Ҳͦͬĵͷ
Ҿԡ
ԾĽ̵ļ򣬡úѧϰɣҳȥ
ɵĲQĳţ㱨ȥˡ
ôʲô
ԭϹ˵ģ˵ֻǺѶѡ
ô򵥣
ȻˣܵܲŶ󣬾ǺСѧʶŮӶ˵仰˶ѡ
͵ĺӶôḻ𣿡
Ȼˣ붮ģһͰͲȫ綼֪һ˵ľʹ󲿷˶Ϊˡ
˵ĺܿ϶
Ӷô˵ˣŹΪôİɡ
аɣûʲôС
˵߸ӸϹϣȻڿһ̧ͷͿſһڷ
Ӵæѧϰˣ
ǰʱ仹춼ֵææµµ˵ǲŷĸоŶżϣѵð
Ҿ֧ˣôһ뵡ˡ
ѧ̫ǰһһѧһѧǺܺõ״̬ô
ҲܲסˣŬѧϰĺѧѰ
̲סظ̾һ£ʱеûš
ܡ
ѵ㲻һֱϣϴѧ𣿡
ĳɼһֱǲģҪӰѾҲǵʱɣҪұôô˭ܵˣ
˵һֱѧѧҲͦõģȫûбҪǿԼ
ǻҪ״̬ŬúõҪ

 80 

Ҿ⻰˵̫ˣ
ҲԼ˵ĺе, Ҳû뵽ôͬ
ŬѧϰĻҲô߰һȰͷеԼΪۺ˵һˡ
ǲոյĶԻ, ҲҪ̫ɢˣϾпγ̿Ǳȳж˲١
ԾѾͦӦпγ̰ŵĽһɣģ, ڵѾǹȥµˣѧϰȫ㵣ĵġ
˼ϴѧ, һ¶Լȫϣļƣ͸˴ѧͶһ
˲ѹ, ƽʱǼӰɢȦ̬ȣȻ̫ࡣ
ԼǿƮˣе㲻ͷˡ
㻹ɻ, ûô˵Լء
׳ôߵĸ, ͹վǰȰȰȵ˵
ˡ, Ϣ, 
඼ˣҪ
Ȼ˵űԹĻ, ӻԶÿ, ϾڶǰԼǿٸɵٸɵġ
ϾӲʹĻһ޵
ԭ̵߸˵ѧֻǻؼҵʱʵ̫ÿߵĶʱζص˺üۡ
²˵, ֪϶ǸԼôϵ
ôѧУ۸ˣ
˵һ˵ֱӴӱӲ˵ءߡһ
Ϊģʵûס磬⡣
Ǻĺس⣬Ԥڲһʱ򣬻ԼĴˣѣ
𣿳ʲôˣ̸Ĳ˳
̫˳ˣܿܿ˵Сϱˡ
еã˵õһأôո˼ȥúý̸һﻰ
˵ϵƺһıⲢġ
ܿܿԭǣҶˣԺΪ˱ӾͲҪˣǾͻǰһ
̿϶Ҫش𣬵Ȼ͸ǰһ
ȻͱܿܿΪǾĬϴҵ˵˾ȷʵһԵġ
ȻСӻԶԸȫһ֪ģɻǸĽ̸¡
֪ǰĽû뵽˻δһֱһֱúõһ
ڵǶ֪飬ԽôһµĵһӦľȡ

ô⣬ǽ̺˼ǸСŮĽǶȱȽرɡ
ؼľŮӶôˣԼҵܵкӻô飬صҸ˦ô£
˵ϱǺܲ׵ģ㿴˼ĸǲ࿴öβҵ֪ɡ
һ׺öβȢϱˣҪϲôǮϱ
񽭰һԼƭһСŮˡ
ҡʵڶ֪ôġ
Ȼ̫ܾò̫Ծ
ϧûиָͼҾϵ㻹ͦġ
粻ʲôʱһḻӣʮֺľ
Ǹ͵ʱҲ£
һ˵飬Ҫֱ˵ûУһְ˵ܵһͷĸоôòֵ̫ÿġ
ǻǿɡ
ǶСʲôֻҪ֮ǰôദԺһͺˡ
Ȼô˵ˣ̰ŵͷ
ûбĻǳȥһȦɡ
ûжģҵȰֻصҾ͸óԷˡ
ҲпǵԵʡ
費ǳ˵ʲôĵģȥ䡢鶼á
ô˵ûɽ̻иʵ⡣
ѵôǮ򣿡
⻹Ǹ⡣
ǴҸ
˵̫ˡ
˵˵뷢п
֪ʲôֵҵʱɫҲôÿ
һɫΪǼﳧӳʲô⡣
ǳʲô𣿱ôѿ.
ҽӵŮĵ绰ˡ
ڵ绰ôռĿǰֻڳﰲװ˵绰ʱûеġ
ôˣˣ
ҪҲӣҪ֪ƽʱϲŭɫġ
ûУֻ˵Լңˡ
Ȼƽʱڼҽֲ˵ҲǶĺӵӣ黹ܵġ
仹ֲԼԣҲﲻæ¡
Ҳѹһ뿪ҡ
෴ƽʱŸŮ̬ǻá
ϾǺ˽⽭ģҸո뿪ûϤĻϤˣ鲻ġ
ȹһʱһͲ֪Ҫж࿪Ķڡ
ԶԶ̸Ľܿʹ֡裬Ҫȥҽɣ
ȷ㣿
⽻ͨе˷ֻжѣҪСʱ̣ԭôÿܻؼңĿǰԼ̫ˡ
˶ûгӦҲֻٽⲻǿǶûʱô
ĵĴӣĺòǰһŬѧͲҪˡ
ѵʱ䣿ԼҪѧô
ˣĩʱ仹ǹġ
һɨţ
֪ûϷˣһγԶŵĻᣬѹ
ܹͦ˼ģҪǷżûµĻҲԵܱ߱ҪôŵĻ
ϾӴˣȥҲ
˵ĽҲǲͬ⽭뷨ġ
˵Ķԣ㻹ʵɡ
ֻǲŷӣԼתͷͶ˵Ҫȥɣ
û뵽ȰһһƫҪ֡
㻹ʡʡɣ˼ҹӦˣͲҪȥˡ
ֻҪ˵ʲôϽֱߣȳԷԷ
һģ֪ôʲôǳ극˵ɡ
ʱ򷹺˵ˣӻϴϴ˯˱ȽϺá
˵˵ɣôͻĴȸˣ
˹ˣһöҲûֻֽǱʰ
һֱŮ԰ɣǶԶһѡ
⻰˵𶼲̫ţûпһֱΪ϶һͬʵġ
ҲΪԼǺܹƽģֻǣҪڼһӣŮҲôˡ
Сһͺ󣬼ҳ̲סЩ飬ֵĻͦģľÿĶˡ
ҪѶӼ޳ȥŮڼҲѽ
ʵΪԺһûǶסķӣǶһоá
ԼԼӼ޳ȥĳ;ÿۡ
ٺ˵˵˵ҪǾҸʱȥС磬֮ǰѧҲͣûܿѧУء
Ͳ׽ôôִţʱųȥСؼңȥô£
Ƕôһȥɡ
ҵģȥ
ǣôʹˣ˻
ǡ
ͬ־ôһİ
߰ʾ˰죬᲻е˼ֻܿżɽ˵ʵҪһż졣
˼ҪûĻǽȥŮʵǷȥ档
Ӷ£Լȥô
ǽԼ뷨ɱô˵ʱе㲻˼ġ
ȡţⲻǿŮ˳תתô
аû㻹뵽аɣҪ鶼źÿճ컹ǿԵġ
ⲻ˵ãһ˵ҲúĶҪ˵Ѿþúþûгȥιˣԣ֮˵ǴûгԶȥ
ͬˣ
ͬˣͦеİɫôѿҶŵ
ϴЦģֲʶʵҲŵߵġ
Ƿʱ䡣
̬ⷢ档
Ȼ٩䣬Ҳȥľˡ
ڼ֮󣬰źһеİ֡裬֪ͨûκ׼Ķӣ͸ɴºӣȥˡ

 81 

һж, ڽͽϴѧǰֺȥֵܶ໥ġ
ǽѧͬʱм˼, ػԼǲǵ׶ӡ
˻ʱ򣬺ܻȥ£ȵﺢǶˣֺͣ, ĵĴϼϡ
Ȼǿܾ棬Ӧûܳȥš
Ӳع, һ۾͹ȥöꡣ
һ˵ոմӳͻΧһѶؼҡ
ķӼԺ, ʱ塢СԺֻ׷Ҹϵһš
̡š
!
Ҳܰæ
ƨƨߵԼ滹Źæ, , Ǳ, ԼԼȥɡ
һܿ˸ʲڵǰ, ۾ĶĻϷֱ, ʵֻǸ̹˴սĵϷ, ƫƫӪһֽȸ
תͷ˶ڴǰ廨ĽҪǸеĻͦõһġ
֮γɼĶԱȣÿÿ
Сʱĺ, ôԽ󻭷Խ˿ˣȻҲпʹˣҲŰ岻١
Ϊʶǿһǵʦģ˵ϷΪʦϵһӳиҵͶװҵ˵Ϊıĸﴴ£Ļ
ôụ̂
˵ӶѾңԺ棬ûɵֵĻû
ȻæţǳͷҲصĴһ䣺ϰ϶¥齫ˣнܿܿҲڡ
齫еЦթˮƽҲԸһͷ̫̫˴չһˡ
ƽʱŶͦ߼Ҳһˣ֪Ϊʲô齫ǼֱǲҲ̶á
ֵǲԽԽ£ȥϰá壬Ŀǰˣר齫ֻǺ
˭˵ء
ΪΨһһ񻹸ĸסһĺӣνᣬϾ͵İ賣ԼҺӻ
ΪĿǰϵĶԼбҪΪõϰ߳һ
裬˵ͲǸȥ㳡𣿶سͬʱܶá
ÿϰ·ϾС㳡ʱ˼ʮĴһȵ㳡費֪ཡ
һͻΪϷԼڳҲǺټˡ
úڼõԶҲܺð˵˶󰡣һ缷Ϊô
ԼôͺúôڼҲͦõ˵˾ͽϢɣʱԵˣҲʶ˵塣
˵һĵҲûĸҰæҪһȥȥͲһ»ؼһôƫƫÿܶҪؼס죬ɵģۡ
Թ䣬˶٣һۣ˻Ҷ˶𣿡
Լʮ޹пյʱһȥУǶ𣿡
⻰еؿʵڲ˵ʲô
Ҿ͸֣Ŷȥźǡ
У߶ΣͣڼҴˡ
̫£֮ǰҲ˵ӳùˣ˾ҪԼӣȥ
̫ˣܣÿع˾͹ǺģÿγԶŲһ£ͻʧȥȤؼҡ
ҪΪͷôõͷ̫̫Ϊʲôúôڼأ
𱻴ҭò֪˵ʲôʱǾͿʼͳԼɱ
˵ģʲôʱɼҰ
㶼ʮˣżܵܺӶˣٿԼ͸ǸǺӶˡ
ҽܰæѽһǺϵġ
зḻ߻龭Ľûµģͺֱ˵ظ˼˵ûȤ
һʹӣһ밲Ȣϱĸš
Ҫǵҽ̣ͽеƵӻôء

еˣ˭֪˼ҴôСʶϵͦõģ˻ܺúôһԡ
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½һһһ껹ûɼҡ
ƽʱҲô˵ʱ򣬲ó˵¡
л˵ģⲻǰѹϱôӹҵΪͰܹϦ¡
󰡣ǰܵܽʱ򣬲Žӹ˵ʱʱƵã㲻Ҳͦ
˲ôע·ƣǺ½ʶҪԼɫĶȻⲢô׵ġ
ڽСϲżϵõ
ż˲һ·Ҫ̫࣬ÿУǳпյƣܶ඼ǿȦɵϵġ
ȻװʦôʡˣʱͿʼ߽׸ɻѡ
ŪЩͷ󣬾ֻܽӹĵӣƵĵжˣҲˡ
뵽Щĵ£Ͳ˵ˣȻǲҪ׸Լ轻棬鶼ˡ
ȡý׶ʤ𣬶ڴŽûжȤģӸýʱ򣬿϶ܽģż
ĲᣬԼľͺãҪһǮˡ
˵һһǱǸϷģ㿴ߵĵܵܣͻݣٿԼ
粻òϷֱ裬ҾǷɷɶѡ
濴㻹ǵʦء
û˹涨ʦϷɡ
Ϊʦˣ
˱ʱѵ⺢ӣͻصҶ̶һСʱѾ߶һ飬ȷȷʵʵһʮŵ״̬
ִŶӡϱŮ¥Ͽǰôණ
ʹˣҲŴˣ˯ʱСˡ
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֣ıôҪԷôС
Ҫһȥ㻹Ը⡣
ֽôȥְӰ쵽ء
ųǴ󲿷ʹһ󰮺ãԴԼڼҺÿҪһһˣͼˣҪֳɾ͸С
㿴Ҫʲôôһæɡ
аɣæɡ
Լϰ鶼ˣ̬׺Ͳ١
ȵֵس극סһϵڶ캢һ뿪Ҳȥ׼ҵ
Ҳֻнֺˡ
һĻһ˺ԼЯ֣žѾ㹻˵¡
һԽֵĴӣ־ְڶϰס
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ǹô꣬ԼûҪΪˡ
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ܴ￪ԼߣƫƫС
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