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1С˵֯εȴڡϲ⻬¬
ԷŮǸǧ½СһȣûбС³Ѿͷ
ԸĻʱˡ
2ѼְÿæòӰֻ˯ǰ˲Ƶͨһ£ˡ뵽ţĸ׸ļޣ¿ģ궼ûطȥԽ
˭֪Ȼ88ֽס
3ųΨһ̳ʲۺῡȴӲŮɫ˳ڲԼҪ߲֮⣬û˼ү
ԣ֪˱ҴٵƬʱȫˣ
ԭһ̫˧ˣɱȦС⡣
ƬеĳٵͷغŻŮеÿƬ˶̲ס졭

ָϣ
11v1˫C
2С˵VSȴһ뵱˵ĸ
3뵽ٲ

ݱǩ Ե ж ־ 
ؼ֣ǣ  ǣ  
һ仰飺ΪСԭ׸ 




1

Ŀתضǰһλٵתţɹһζλ档
ʲôֵд˼С˵ڳһ˲䣬Ҳˣ֯òĴʾ䡣
ְҵϰߣܿͰС˵УʼһŮĵƬΡ
ʱڹϣĩЩ࣬ҺϵվȽ磬λӣ˾ûôˣֻվŲ˵ú˼ǰԱ
ΪҡΣһץŷ֣һֻڿʱʱؿ֪ڿ绹ڿС˵£ֻЩԣûע⵽һֱ
ġдС˵ȱһЩزģϲ۲ˣòʼ飬񣬶ֹȵȣо
ڣȻûŻֽϸϸһ
зַͣͷ˳ɵشţʺܺãûпķͣϾôʡͨţп׳£ӸߣƤְ𪣬ϸһ˵ĳζ
Ƚмԭ
Ŀ̫ȣˣͻȻֻƵϡ
ĿԣƽʱЩӣŷӦԼ˼ͦˣһ˷ˡ
ЩȻ
볶һ΢Цεʱֻһ·Լ˶νòضЦ
ҲǣӦһ˵Ľ㣬Ѿϰ˰ɡ
æҲЦһ¡
ԷˣЦﵽ۵ףβ
ʲôԣǰԭ;µ٣һ̣ΪЦǻᷢһ
ֱڿûܴЦع
ھ籾Ѿûʲôˣ֮ǰһЩĵطҲƺˣھ͵ŮԱˡ֪һ棬ûн飿
з̷ֶмǸҪ̫󡣡ʶؽԼӽ˳


һ¡
µġ
С˵ѩҪıɵӾˡǰʱдһִıĳż磬뾹Ȼˣ˼ݡЩݱȦС͸˭֪ΪûԴѲĵż
ΪԭߣҲ˿ʼҵڱ˹עˡ
ϼԱݼζҲмֲµŬⲿŻ𡣵ܶ˶óǹ±㹻ãǵر𣬾ٺõݼ⼸˶һ졣
ԭֻСӴҵڳˡ
Ӿ绹û꣬мӰӹ˾ʡ
ЩһȫС˵վȥǲڼæʱվˣļ۸ǹҲڣһʣͳͳת༭
ˣڶ̶̼ʱƷüҲȨͻưߵһҪ̸ϸڵġѩ۸պһǧ
ĵһŴ飬ҲĿǰΪֹΨһһڶθ߿ڵóԸB֮󣬼̫¿½С˵дġʱʱԣ˺ܶϣ濼ݼ˵û覴ãҲȽϺãд˼ȪӿֶܹƵõһΡⲿڼʹˣһֱǰ
ˣǩͬʱЩţԼдһС˵ôߵļ۸
˭뵽̶£׬һǧ
һκӰӷͨվܲڱУǰȨ༭ԱӰӷˡ
˵ʲôĵǹװ磬С˵дǳ༭˵
ӦոǸ̫ˣйɳ嶯ҪϽؼдһִУ԰С˵
˼ղ񣬸ˡ
Ӱӹ˾ϵĲ߻ЦֲдС˵ôˣԭô棬ʱ䶼ڹ˼֪ûȤд籾ǹ˾мĵС˵ûдӡ
ҡͷ˼ʵڲᡣҵרдС˵ǰӣҶǲһֱ֧ңҲߵȥд籾ֻԭ
û˵ʲôһ׻˵ҲֻⲿӾĲ߻Ȩûôܹ쵽ȥ
ôһС˼ٵԷͶԷ˽СʱǿһıĵӾ黹ԭȺܸߵԭ뷨ӣı߰˵ݼ¼
ʱܿ͹ȥ鶼ܲ
˴γкܶջ񣬶ɸտʼĽţĵҲˡ
һгĺһЩ鶼˺ûᾭ飬ϲ˴򽻵
***
Ӱӷ֮˳ͱ༭ȥܲʳúͱ༭һ˷
С˵վдѾǵͷˣ͵ܴ׬Ǯߣ༭Ƿǳϲô߱ȻǸӣϷģ̲סһ֮֡
ôԾֵУԹ緹
ͱ༭Ľչ˼ĵģȴյ˸кֶ΢š
һŽͼ
BУš
BУϪ죬һ죬ѧ𣬾һЩйУĴš
ЩûȤֶҲŽظοѧУѾˣ֮ûн
ƫƫԭȫƽߵˣΪЩ˵Ĺϵ
ֶַŽͼβţBУ԰̳HĵϪһԷƬ
ֶƬ
ƬĹϪбžͷ˵ʲôŶЦúΪǴбĵģԴ󲿷ֻǱӰϡõһ
ǲʶˣܻϲƫƫϤĺܡ
ǳ
ǰܲģֻ£ȥæܾܲϵ
ƽʱϵͲֻ࣬ΪҪعʲôҪӣҪû
ؿֻؿڷ·ʲôסһܡ
æͱ༭ǸǣһҲƵ뿪ܲ
ڹϣǵ䣬ŴȺͳ㶡
ôҲ벻ףͳôߵһģеʱһжôá
꣬ͳһֱͬ࣬һֱǰ༶һڶͬʱҲ꼶ĵһڶкøУóҲǡȻ˴ûʽףΧĺѶ֮ǵЦҲûз
ʱʱҲ죬ò˼ҲֻЦЦһȥ
ȥˣ˶ʦҳеĹѧû˭ȥͱǲֽʱ˾һ⡣
ֱͻȻԺ뱨һӦQΪ͸ĸСµĿꡣ
ǳȥBΪȥרҵ
˽һ꣬¶ĺһB
Ȼʵȴݺһˡ

2

صᣬſڴϡ
ղڳϣյֶ΢š
[ڵʲôҪһ°ɣѻ˵]
ó͹Ϫһ
һ꣬˵ٷģҲԼѹ޼ֲȥԽҪԼϵ
ʱԼҲͷʲôС˵ʲô飬ȫԺ󣬵ڶ߿ڵóԸB
ֻǼƻϲϱ仯õ¼ȡ֪ͨʱ򣬾׼ʱ
˵ʧǼٵģϾôŬ
ǵΪȡôĵӣû˵ʲôֻܵ΢Цϲ
һķֿ֮ĬʲôɢһҲǰһ仰һ񣬾׶Էʲô
ʱĳ⣬ɼ㣬˶ҲãʱеƤ׽Ū˵Ĵк
˴ѧ֮󣬶̶һ꣬øͦΣȥ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ɳ̫죬׷ˡ
B֮󣬶Ψһ֪ǰ飬Եʳڵʲôһ̣ͻȻЩᡣ
ԳƵĳ֮ȴִûȷϵҪô˵
BżһЩйعϪţ࣬˵˺ʲôǲֱ˵ףһ᲻ЩģпվʹдС˵ȫûаѳ͹Ϫϵһ𣬼ʹͬǽ
˵ú˵Ҫ˵ʲôأ
ǵϵָ˸˵ڹһЩ飬ǰ˵Լ
ÿһϵ˵ö֮ӿ˿ڡ
˼˯֮ʱһƿ
˵ǮһСѣӦͶʵɡ
ǰòв˵ͶڣϪǮҲһóڰɣ˭֪᲻أ
˵ôߣ켸ǧˣңͶʽ飬УͷǵҲҪ
橺浻ˡ
˵Ϫ
橣ǸոУ𣿡
ͻȻЩ죬ֶǸƬǲǺܶ˶ˣ֪ǳ
ҲעУӪСŴµˡЦ
˵˵Уδʽ飬ġǰȦԲŻƵսĿֻûȥϷΪ˵˵ѡû뵽ֱӵŮˡ
ҲһǴʽɣҲͦģ˵Ͷʷأʡ
˽øһ㣬ֲ˼˼֪ͼ
Цһ˵㻹ˮһӪĲò˫ȫ裬㻹ˡ뿴רҵʲô˼Ҿ͸һġ
ǰһѧýģͻȻ䱻ȥϷôô϶ԼҪȥݵġңڹһ꣬Ѿܾûڹ¶ˣʲôĶЩͣˡ
˵ˣϪҲ˿Żԣ׸Ͼ֮ôȵԱǴʽ飬治еŮǡ
˵һᣬⲻ֪ôתƵױȥſشϣͷ
ϪȥHϷǳȥʲôأ
ңʲôʱعˣΪʲô˵
Ϊĺ͹ϪһԲɴװû

***
ʱûʲôθڣǱԷ
һһˡ
ڿԼΪʲô·աһ˶ˣϲԼ¡
ֶ˵ֲڻûɣҿԸռһĹ
橺浱߶λӣ졣
ĩʳ˱Ƚ٣Ǻܿҵһӡ
˵ǰѧУүҲֹһΣ˵ѧڲſѧǲĸ
үַˣǸŮһǽ˵𣿡ʶ
橿˿⣬۾˵ŮСأ
海Ӧסʲô˼룬ԱأҪ˼ҹԹŮ
Լֱᵽŵ̧ͷɻؿǣ
Ѱİ֪ģٲͣ󲿷ʱµţʱЩдС˵
үҲŵģǸѧУУ֮Ǵһ죬ѧĴ˵˵˾˧ޱȣȵǻ˧Ӻãڱ״ԪĵطĳɼͲŻӲǱòͻǵĻһһǮ˼ģǾүš
ЩʱԸ̣贫Ҳ̫˰ɣС˵ﶼôдңʲôүֱжĸλүʵ˿Щ뷨¶֣±ȺŹ
˵˧磬˧Ҿ徣ڳλƷ˧磬˵Ҳ֣Ͼеľɫ
ȵȣ
죿
ѧУ
Ǹүʲôӣ
ĻλѲԼͬɴ۾һŵر鿴
㻹֪ɶ
橿ٷֻͼƬ
ͼƬϵһλ곤ʿվһʿЦ۶ˣֻǵ΢ǣЦЦؿžͷ
öĻݣʹƬʮָ壬Ҳ޷ҳһ˿覴á
ôÿˣûˡ
ˣϸտ
Ƭ֮¶ϤľޣҪջֻôһ䡣
ʲʲôͱԼĿˮǺˡ
ȥͼݣΪ£ȥһˣ֪ģû뵽Ȼôүˣ
￴ģ浼ץס֣߻α˵
һ˷ܵӣ̿ˮ˵˵ڹϣλվԱߡ
໡Ӵ
ôˣ
֪Һ֮ǰȥQعû˵Qѧٿôصһ˰վߣ֪һȥˡ
ڲǸްúõһĩʲô鰡Ӧóȥż˧簡
QôҪÿ춼ҲǰɣǸʵ⣬ء
û˶õƷҵüݡ
ðɣûˡ
ͷԷ˵ˡ
ҲϰǺܿƲ
ү£ҲֻǾĺ˺ͺûһȥѣûɼһ죬ǻᾭСȮһΧת

3

Ȼ
̨ĵûأؿڵһСĵģǶڳ˯
Ϊ˲̫࣬˯ˣǣųǼ£ҹͻȻˡûˣ֮ǰҲֻڸһйB󣬾Ͳٳֹˡ
ɻشϣֻط֣΢ˡ
[ջУ]
̵һ仰е㲻˵Ļ£˼Ͳܡ׺͹Ϫô£ȴ᲻΢ִ˾ɾ˾ɾ
˵ĶԻ仰һϵѾһǰˡǶʱڹ⣬æŸĿպС˵ӽᣬҲû˼ȥġ
νġΪʱ䳤طֿ˸ˡ
ɱǣǴδʼʵʸûС

һ仰ȥ˯žֱ
ججعһ죬ľżһһȥϿΣһԷһᡣֱ·ʱͻȻ˵
æ˵Լ£ȻȥȻ˸û˵Ľ绰
绰ͷܿˡ
ιá˼߿ҵظ绰𣿡Ů
Ůӵģ
սֻЩҵػصáõģҵٸ򡣡˵꼱æҵ
ʱ㣬ĿԾڳԷŮһԷԺһʱ䣬Ƭ
ǴʱҲƬһһԷ˵Ц
뵽ͷطһ˿ʹؿƵġۿȣҪĳ嶯˵绰
Ǳһ˵Ҹô죿
еĿǻֶæе£æʵôˣȥҳˣ
ֶһӦǳУģѹ
ҷϢ˵Ҹոո绰һŮӵġƵؽ͡
Ǳͣ˼룺ֻǴɣͬѧ˶ѡ֪ģϵò˵ܵýڵĿأƽʱæ˵Ҳ
˿ҾӦ̸һˣϲңǾͽû˼Ҳȥˡ
⻰һõ绰Ǳߵͬ˵ˣ㿴㣬˶ˡ㸴һ꣬ʹ˺ܶ࣬ٲ㣬ɱ˵ˡһѧУ㲻Ҫǵ۸ĽŲ㿴ңҲһ𣿡
˵˵ˡ
ʵ꣬Bķֲ֣ĳɼȫtopѧУ˵ѡĸĸΪ˹ǰ壬ȻȥѧУҲֻ˷ѣ縴
־ԸʱҵһSǱߵĴѧȴȰٸһꡣ
֮ҲûͬһѧУԼ
ȻҲB󣬵ĿģѾٴˡ
ҲǲģҲΪ֤ԼΪԼһѧУЩ̬ռ˱ȽϴҲ˵塣ֻ֪˵ĸܲˡ
΢һ䣺[صѧУǼһɡ]
ҲһɣѾϲĻ
***
صᣬǱ߼С
Ϫͳһˣ

սŵһ¡
￴ģһȡ
̳ĵһԷˡŮһ𣬿ˡ˷֮࣬޲ϧ˵ϧ͵±֣ҿ̫е
һλл溣ҿ
лƽʱһľģֻͷ飬ᣬϪͳBʵҲ档
ص㿪̳ǸӾƮڵһСʱѾhotˡ
绰ŹȥʮӲӣӵ绰˭Ѿȥ²ˡ
̳˿֣Ҳ˰󲿷Ϊվһܰ䡣
üͷֻϵƬ
ϪǱΪڵһУʹ͵ģģҲܿüµ٣һֱߵĲŮ·ߣϵȻŷġ˵ϪǮBĻģеóɼһ㸻
ԼСسǳģٻԣɫֻƤƵŵ㣬ɾ㡣˵ĸֻͨĸнʦûһС˵׬Ǯࡣ
һ룬ȫûпɱԡ
УԸԳ˰лͻȻп

ˣ
˲Լͬؿл溡лɤӣ˵й۵㶼޹أͺãҲǴģͳйУͬϵġ
˵ȥ꿪ѧ󣬹ϪͿ˳ھһ˽⣬ûŮѺ󣬾չ׷󣬲ǼٲȷϾҶ˵ȷǾһ£˵ϵĽڿЦ˵ǽͯŮˡ
ûŮѡ仰ʱĽһ¡
ֻл溼˵һʼʱ򣬳һֱ־룬֪ʲôʱʼߵһ顣ѧԺᣬŻ翪ʼҲһڹز죬ȡůʼİɡ
˵лʼ磬Ҿ֪Щˣ˵ģ֪١
˵ոŰԣֻЩܶѣڣȡůʲʹġ
ûѧҲ˵ѧ֮以ࡰȡů󣬲ȻҲô˲
ڸһ飬ȫһ֣˵Գûģ˵˵ĸûġ
᲻ΪڹȽϼѣ߱Ƚϼį͹Ϫһ£ò׼ô
ͻȻпȻᶼǿֵģ˧Ů䣬ʣûҪϴˣҲû׷ҡ
ͬصͷ
ǰǰ˵Ҫ飬ȵѧǻᡣѾˣȫһȺġ˼Ҷ˵ϵĲӺҿãƾͱȹкһ㡣
˵Ҳ֣ÿĽ˼ҳ˫ɶԵģɾûԵģ顣
ָл溺
ĸ˳öѿرл溺ٶܺãȻﲻУˮ׼磬ϵ໨ҲǿԵġ
رл溣ƽʱ󲿷ʱ仨ڶϣ´磬ȴһ㶼󣬺оữŨױǰ΢׺һ¡ĻǣױΪ˸˿ΪԼһ춼к顣
㣬ͺ
ô׷ߣܲΪȻԼĿȥǰ
ηηŵģⱲӣдС˵ͿB¼ˣļ;ϡ
ӣʲôʱɵģѾǵˡ
үү̾˵СʱܵƤġʱĸæү̴ģСܻ飬޷죬ڸһ˴
ӵ֮ܵϣҪҲߣ˹
һ;ͷˡԸȫźǰ෴ķչˡ
΢ţ˵ʲôֲ֪˵ʲô
еֱֻŻع
ǳһţæҵҪ𣬽ҵˡ
æزȥ
Էܿͽ
пǼһɡ

4

ͳԼУĿȵ档
һûϵԱøˡ
߽󣬵ȿˣŷɫرãһûϢõӡ
ºҪȵʲô
ͳ֭ɡ
ϢһȿȵĻϻ˯š
ҲԼŲ֮ķΧеΡص㵥ЩԼﰵԼ¶ĽһҪʸס
Ĺ֭ͷϸ´
㼸ûô䣿˵
𣿿ǷһֱûԵʰɡǸλӦòȥ˰ɣڴؿ
ȴһԲĶ
ãſڣеɬҰѧˣ
ţ˵ʲô
֣ȷԼ׼׼˵ԸԼˡ
ѧһѧҾͰѧһ꣬ꡣУû˵ȥ
ȫɵˡ
ǸղŹһķû˶٣Ҳжŵģȴ˵Ҫѧ
ļҾͨ˵硣ôĸسУʦ渣ԴʲôĶС
˵˲ټĻھôжѧҵһ껹ʲô壿
㲻飬ܸʲôżʡ
Bͷһûбҵ֤ѧλ֤ˣҲɲóοôѧԺôãԤҵʱõٴ˾offer
ǳʲôˣ
ѵǼ
ҪȥϷ
ʲô
꣬ҪȥϷʱлᣬһٻ顣ȵ飬Цһ£˵֪޷ţġѾԾɹˣҪ顣
һ˲䣬֪ʹʲôζ
ΪϪ𣿡֪ΪʲôסһҪúܴ˵ڣôС
һ£Ҳɣô֪ģ
óֻԼƬ
죬ܶ˿һԷһŻѶˡ
BУҲȦûȣѧȺֻҪԼѧУҹģעһ¡ˣѾЩƬбˡ
̳ϵӲżȻֻҪһ𣬲ǽ죬Ҳ졢죬Ժĳһ졣
뵽ʲôͻȻ۾ŵʣΪҺû˵֪꣬ʲô
̽ӹͷʵһڹ⣬ǲǾһ𣿻УҪĵϷǲǹϪΪŮǵһЩƬĵģǲᾭһԷ
⼸⣬ʵúܿ죬ڷйһ㣬꣬Ҳľˡ
ûֻĬĬص˵ͷ
˵֪ϵˣǰкܶ๲ͬ⡣ǰǶһ飬һдҵ棬ǴԼһȥڣЩĶǹϪ֪һɵɵΪӹң˵ǰ˵õԼ
Ҫ㣬ţԶڹѧ϶ףҿԵٸᡣ
Ǹ꿪ʼ̫ѹˣڵԱ룬ȴһֱᡣ
ˣȴ龰
֣صʣǰûϲңأҺ㣬Ժûпһ𣿡
ٳٲûֱ
һϣŷ֣Լ档
˵˾䣺֪ˡ
Ȼߵ̨Ǯˡ
ٳǰͣͷȻǸƣûһ˼
***
֪ڵԼǱһصᣬ϶ᱻʶģԲȥ
ޣ᲻һֱ
֪ǲǽȽϲãѹʱ칫ҲټΣͻȻˡ
ûӣͷչ˴ꡣ
ܱ߶ûʲôĵط̫ܿϾͰʪˡҼ䣬ǰʮ״иСݣǱͷǱ߳塣
̫ͻȻвٱͷܵˣùغײˡ
Ϊܵٶ̫죬ײһ̣һ㶼żôԷײײϲţƺһƺۡ
СݿԲҲʵҡΣűСӳĿ˶һϰҲżܳæԼţ۵òС
СѳҲôףŪˣҪⰡ
ΪһײеκϰĻӦԺ˲һֻ͸Ϻ
ǡǸ˼ҲǹģҾҪꡭҡҺǡ
˼ϰ壬鿴ûײ⡣
ָо֪ôݣȷڽ죬ʷ
˵ȫȵϣĿζ
һһͳɫ˵ζ
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6

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8

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ӹүүģ̶˸ˮشһڡ
Թ緹֮λȥˡ
Դϴѧ֮Ϊγ̵ԭҲûݵϰߡ
¿Ǿͱ÷ͱ־ΰȥߡ
ҫϷ΢ǺʱǿһƪдϷС˵úܺ棬˼졣Ϊѧϰռʱ࣬㽫Ϸһߡ
̫ûˣҪ¸һᣬڵȴʱ򣬼˾졣
㣬Ǳߴѧʲô
С־ΰϸһÿ춼ʦҳ߶߶߿ѧ£ǶԴѧر档
ΪҲ״ãÿǰ˵ľǣԺϴѧˣʱϷȺúö飬ôѧҪ
÷һֱۣӣһ˵Bдѧɺˡƽʱβ࣬ĵûˣûϰĩʱ򣬳ȥ֣һ澰㡣
С۷⣬ô㣬ûȥǣ
ȻȥˣȥBУȥǣǲǰȥ𣿶˵ǷǺúôˣôܲȥ
ۣ
÷ЦСܵļҲ˵ϴѧĺܺ棬ѧУһ̶ܹûΣרŸҸչŻ߹ĿġУ˴УԲСسǿԱȵģɣţ
÷ĻСܸһڴˡ
ôãǵBкãSкð㣬˵ԺҪȥȽϺãС˵һᣬѾҪ־ԸƵġ
÷ﲻסЦ
Сܰ治飬ƫƫиǿƵ裬Сѹģ÷ǳ
ϷˣԿʼˡҲôˣȰѳɼȥٷҪ
ϣ֣ʼϷ棬ϰԵؿһߵߺѡ
ϷĲ࣬ڴ󲿷ֶ״̬
ܺܿͷ룬ҪܵʱƳһϤID
ԣү

9

㣬ôܾˣ
һ񣬾ͰѱܵҪˡ
һΡ
ղһۣ񿴵Ե˺ںѵĵһǺа
ԭҲϷġ
֪ôģԼǷһܣЩСϲ
Ĵô࣬ȴûϷûǵкüǿߡ
ΪԣȥòġӮֶߡ
ѧҲʲô¶Сܼ״ĵ˵
÷һۣЦ˵Nɪģʲôø˵ģ
˳䣬ԵϷ档ʲôӢ۶棬Ӣʤʶܸߡ
ѧԣʲôѧԡ롣
ųԵͷͷһͨĽ㣬ʷֵģݡ˵ظȴôȵͷ񣬺
֪ʲô
ԭֻǱԿ뷨˭֪ӺͷȻ
ɫġߡ֣ɫġߡ
ҡ־ΰļ
󡭡񣡡
䣬ͳ˳ԵĽͷ
ɹˣ
ʲô񣿡־ΰչ÷Ҳ
еţеڣԼôּҪô˵
Q񣬹񣡡
Q÷Ȥˣ־ΰ
ԣǳԣ֪Ϻܺģ÷ͻȻθߣ㾹Ȼʶ
һ£ֵ㲻ᱻƭ˰ɣϺܶ඼ϲðȡġ
֪ôڣǣҺ档
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ڳԵֵѾǼ򵥿˧ˡˣƶ᲻ر
ôԵð΢źźֻͨͨϽ˳ȥ
󣬾Ҫô˵ˡ
Сĵش֣ǸҺú͵ܵϷûпգҪҪһ
Էܿصԡ
˵ԣ
ҰǼӽ
ԣš
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ͱһʱûж£п޵һ档ںͳһȴŵҪѡӢʱѡ
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ǲǰֵ̫ע߶ȼУߵģ͸ġ֪ãǳĺ·Ѫûô˶Է
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ǰ˳ܿͷһֺܿͽˡ
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ҰôˣС衣
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緹ʱүү߳ԵģҴ󲮴ĸкҹȥǱߡ
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˼꣬еСɫֻǣȥ꣬󲮼ҸԽòˡøŮѼͻȻ˵Ҫʮ𣬸һҳĲС
ձصϰףУȥʱ˵üҲȻ˺ܶࡣ
ԱȵĻʮȷܶࡣ
ĸһֱ߶ûǮøִˣԺ֪ܲҵȵȵĻ
һᣬŻζ
ԭڿ
֪Ϊʲôڴ󲮼һᣬɫܲõԭˡ

10

Ҫ˵ֵܽ棬˭ãǿ϶Ǵá۹ߣʱ򣬼޸˵ʱ򹤵ĹҲڵĴø
˭ã˵
󲮷ԭϼũ񣬺ΪʵûǮȥ򹤣ʡԼãҲ˲Ǯ
ⲻȥķӣСǱġ¥ÿ㶼ƽסװ޼Ҿߣõġ
ֻⷿӳ˿ũһ棬֪ϴȥ˼꣬׬˺ܶǮ֮⣬ô
ڴ󲮿ܣü޵úãøԼ칤С˾Ūɫһеʦ˵ȥӣȻûжߣѽһӲ
ֻҪѧûѧҪʱûʱûΪ˲˿ӲǰеǮ˽ϡ
ʵϣһʼúֶȰġ
˲ʮǰ±Ǹ⣬һٶеСܶ˶س˷ԺʱȶԼӽöߣķĸССѧѧ
ֻϧ󲮹ִǵðѷŪ
ڵˣΪũԽѻˣøĶǱȴҪøس׸һ׷ûзӵĻǾնʮ˵ΪŮ롣
ڴһҶԣֱ
øռ޹ŮģһҪʮ£ǳͬ
Ҵû˵ҪôģôȥȥСʱǲյ𶼸С磬һҿŮĸŮİɣ
ôһ˵ĸ˱ɫȻ˵˵иܵܣҲû취ȹ궼28ˣɣһҵʲôʱ򣿡
һ龴Զ֮ģλһһм䣬üͷýġ
˵˵ţ֪ôأ˵ϡ
ĸ˵СҲģҺһ÷÷÷С͹ԣϴѧˣѧѶԼˣҺ֣ȫҪġˣ÷÷˵ڴѧҽ̷ǳ׬Ǯأѧɱ÷÷öˣûгȥҽ̣
в˵Ŀһ٣ϳһЦݣԴĸ˵ûУ˼ѧϰϡ
㻹ӣֻ֪顣ô󣬸ΪֵһЩˡĻشôĸˣ״ֵʵʺܿĵ˵
һۣ˾ڶԷпΡ
˵ûϵԸ÷÷ô˵ųȥһڼĵأ
Ҹ˵ɲУСҪ㿴Ǽ÷÷Сһ꣬ѧѶԼ׬ġ˵÷÷ʲô棬һüǧأɲúһֱ飬Լѡ
ǣͷоһ¡Ҫ÷÷ѧϰѧϰ÷÷æǣߡ
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ǰ󲮵˼·ǲҲӦǼһ밡û˵
ҪҲˣĸ˵·ȫԼǮģҪϼҵķӣүүһ׿ԶָǼ䡣
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үүû˼Ϊ󲮸ʵǰүү͸ְ˵ԺлᣬҪһ󲮼ҡ
Ϊʲô
үүӣֻһ˶ѧ˵Ϊʲô
ĬȻǵһ˵Щ
˵ָдѧѧѶǽģʱ˭ҲսԷǮүү֪үү̳˶ٿ󲮣Ͳ󣬾͸µȥ򹤣Ǯźһ㡣
ǣ󲮲˵Ұֻ飬ҰֶǺǾòԾ
˵󲮲أóɼɲֲ
ҲүүΪҳ⣬ܲΪڶҪְȥɣ뵽ֵɫʧԼϰ֡
ô˵κһҳϣԼеĺӶúõġȻֹñ󲮺ãүүƫһҲġ
󲮼Ҳ޷ܡ
ʧЦͷ˵㶮ˣʵǰһϲԿʵǮûʲô˵ģҺֶ᲻øǡֻѹ󲮽һȻӡǽǮǿ϶˵ͽ裬ҪһھҪַӣһǷӸǵģֲˡ
ǽȥô죿Ҫѷӷһ룿ɲְ֧ɡ
ֵ˼ǵȵøҪʱǸǮ㻹ΪҪӰֲסҪʲôã
ԭתת˵ô࣬ҪҳǮøȢţ
ڴϣЩԺ˵Ļ

11

죬̳
ֻż죬ϣҪȥѧϰϰˡˣЩƷʳģýȥ죬һ°Ϳ
·ˮʱͣ赽ȥˡ
ȵˮϵʱֻһװʵСӣһط㶡
裬ôˣ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥûʲôֵ˰
૵Һ񿴵һˡ񣬵ǴŴֲ񡣡
Ϊĸҳʵ˭
СʱסǸڵġһصķ򸾣һСк̼Ǹ
ôɣ֮ǰô£ˡңʱǶԷҲֻڸס˰֪꣬ôľͲˡ
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ûУֻǾ̫ˣ֮ǰ̣ˡ
һأҼǵǸŮ˺ݣźأɫһֱáոտǸɫܺãӺݸǮˣңʮǰᡣӦòͬһˡԽԽòʳȥˡ
ؼҵʱվ·ߵĵƿ
ڣСسƽʱֶˣΪ̳ﲻһֱСĵؿ·ˣԼײ
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СģҲһɫҴҵĴ年˴ӡڴ
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үӦôBô⣿
Դż򵥵İTһɫͨϣû˵óͨ
ǱϴˡʱҲΪٲӦóСسǵ̳ſڣѵǳźͣӵ
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㡢㡢ϼңǱˣ¸Ǿû˵ˣҲûע⵽ոʲô
Լ򵥽ͣСʱηż٣˳̡
ļϷһ۵سǡСзչһ㣬òò꣬гл裬ſһ㡣
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裬ʲôֻ֪֪Q֮ǰѧУʶġ֮ǰҲ֪Ҳ磬һôء
Ĳ죿費šк˵ԼŮûһ˼š
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أ[ˡ]
룬ʣ[ZΪʲôǰû㣿]
ֵѧԣһУǷ꣬û˵֡
[СѧZǶģСѧҵ뿪ˡ]
˵ͨˡ
[λģ]
[̵ļգҺݡ]
ҧҧô˵ĻӦúܿ˰ɣԣʲôʱ߹ʲô£
͵ؽֻһߣؿڣԼ֡ӣҲֻ֣ҪйسԵģġ
ָоеΣա
ǿԼȥֻ΢ҲˣֱӴĵ˼С˵ϡ
ȻӺܻغϵԣóֻžһ֣˳ȥ
[ܲһ⣬㵱ΪʲôҪ΢ţǰʶ֮ǰҷ΢ŵòΪбĿģ]
⼸⣬ˣֻǰڶԷ񣬴˵ûŮѣϰõУһѹסԼĺġ
񼸴κӴܸоΪеǡ׷һ
ָоܲʵ
ɴ˳
һߡ
Զֻãһõǰ˾Ϊǲ˯ˣ͵͵ӺӾһۡ
ǰδе࣬·ԵһϯȫľΣһ
֣[˵׷㣬ô]

12

[˵׷㣬ô]
Ҫˣô
ֲԪ
ץץͷԣڱ𣿿ֲ
Ҫôظ
ܣĿǰû̸뷨ǰһΣڶʱȥӴ顣
˵ܾأǳԣ֪ôڡ
˼ӣǱַϢ
[ŵˣҿЦġţֻ㽻ѡ]
˵ʵƽʱæŹûʲôĵѡ첻֪ôˣͻȻһġԲҪ΢ţûб˼ϣ㲻Ҫᡣ
ǾôԷ͡
ԲһԱһֱȲԱи飬ʮ
ôһ˵˿ЩСգԼôô飬ûǷ뷨ôһʣ˼Цأ
뵽
˵ûʲôѣﺬίͿ΢
˵[ԺҪ˵ҰɣֻҪпգӡ]
[ҪֻҸ˵ѡ]
Զô˵ˣеľᣬĵ
˵ģԷQ̵У֮ʲôʲôѧʷĻϰףʲôھù̹û֪ġ
ĶˣҲͲԼҵݡ˵ıǲС˵ҲûжĿ޺ͷУĲǺСһ¡ɡ
ʶͬС֪ʲôĿģԷشָѵȵƵΪҲҽѡʵйԼݡ
˹۹⣬Ǹ۹ǶĻƵġ
ԭΪһæ˶С˵һŲ˭֪ȻҲ˽һ顣
ϼվȱ㣬ַߵϲúķͷչơ
ЩжףһѪصˡ
ǰдģдʲôдʲôֻܺ˵츳үͷԵġ
ɽ챻ôһʱûȻʣԭС˵ﻹô
رǳ󻹸ӰӸıС˵һЩ죬˵Ķ
֪ԼдС˵ǰӣ˵д籾ʱЩӰƬǻ룬ԼʲôʱдһȽƷȻıϴĻ
дС˵;籾ֲͬĴʽ˵籾ѡ
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ʵԼĻô͵ôڿʼȥһЩµĸı䡣
[֪Ҫʲôˣлл㣬ԡ]
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ȥ죬ڼﹹ˼ġ
ǰдС˵ȽԶٶȻԡ⼸죬ΪдԼҪЧĥˣ춼ڷ
ںܿ͹ȥˣתҪѧУ
ƱǻؼǰͶõģʱʱ䶩ġգƱһƱҲԼˡ
Ϸɻ֮óָֻٵ֡
ĸд˸ͷܶڻûչдм顣
Ǹҵλ档Ϥֶ
̧ͷ˷ǳߣΪ˿ͷҪˡ
ֻԴһɫ˶ͷҲһɫѼñ򵥵ɫ򵥵Ĵ磬ȴ˧ޱȡ
ɵɵؿ
ЦָָߵλӣŷӦæҪΪ̫ˤۼֿץסֱۣס
λӵһˤֱԵĻʱһӿ
Ѿǵˡ
֣ÿͳԼ棬ܻᷢ⣬ڳһ
Сĵ㡣
ллл
סԼ֮۽ƳΧüŮ߿ʱϵ
ûľһһ磬ԽλǸλӡ
ƱʱѾûпλˣѡһġ
룬ȻôɣѧУĺҲܸһ
ò̫СһĻУӰ첻󡣵ڳԶԣֱһĥ
ֳţθߴ֮󣬴޴ţ΢һ
ôɣû뵽ҲɻʶˣټֻͲˡֻЦŶԳ˵
ǰŵԣ˼λӵġ΢ü˵
Ĳڣ̲סһЦ˳
Բؿ
ܰɣ
Եͷ˿ԼεЦһ£ʼ磬û취ͷȲ̫ˡÿγɻʱҪ߾ͺˡԳΣȫûЦ˼
Цøˡ
ԭǳүĿӦЩۿһʲôŴ٣ʲô׸֮ǳ
Ҷ˵أҿһ㶼񡣡Զǿʡ
أԶԴ˺ܳԾһһҳϣҲ֪˾˵ЦʴӺ˵𣿡
˵ײβѧУ￴㡣ģ˵һ顣
üëһԭڴġͻȻһɫؿ˵˵ҾѧУΪҪҪ㻹ΪǸص𣿡
ؿ֪ΪʲôͻȻͱˡ
˵ԳЦһ£翣ҰְҳʱȥˣϴѧļޡҲ֪ԼȥģŬϣӹóʵһЩЩա
һĶԲ𡭡
㲻ø˵Բҵ;ЩʲôϵҸ˵Щֻ˽ңǵ;˵һҡ˵۹ʲôҲںϣҵ˽ҵģϲҡ
һּסģ·ԸһЩůһ
Ժʲô¶Ը˵ȻΪʲôʹͷգߡ
ͷȲڣͻȻ˸硣
ս㣬̺ӡ
һСкϻһֱ˷״̬ߴߴ˵û档кĸĸҲ˶٣ɴӰƬ
ţ
뵽ԼðͷΣΪϰ˳׷ŮѣϢ绰Э̻λӣ
òձͷȲգҪһö࿪ġ
£˯ýݱ
ԹҳϣĬĬ²Լϰ壬߱۾

13

ڳԵľۼˡ
ǼĶŮСȻϸ˵㣬˵۰үү̸˵ˣ˵һС۹ﳤĶΪ
أϳеʱżְ꣬־ȥˣΪָļޣµļͥ϶ɲϾôˣԼҲ
ֻܿ׬ǮԼ
뵽֮ǰ˵ҪҪﲻһᡣ
˺統ҡ
ô㣬϶ǻɳ鵭ֲ˵֪˵Ц֡佾ֻûȥ˽ȥ
ԿСǶԼϧЦ
Сʱ󣬷ɻ䡣
һ·ɻ;һϮ
˿֪Bи¹ꡣڵʹһůɫȹչϥǵ֡
ôȥƻ
յûãͻȻһůһɫס
̧ͷͿԴЦ
׸ˣԼֻʣ¶Tò˼»
ֹˡ
㴩ţ๣г𣿡
ҡҡͷ
һɣҽ˳糵ָָֻ
ǰıӰһ¡֪·̫ůΪԭϲЩ̡
ɻ˵Ľ̸ֺܿȻˡ
϶ѵиѿչˣŶôõġС˺ֺܶ࣬ΪչҲǼġ
ϳ֮󣬱˼ʲôĵþΪ̫۶˯˹ȥ
֪˶ãԺ۾
ˣͷϴ
ŷԼȻڳԵĴϣŵ
˻
̫ײ°ͣ۵ֱ
ԲԲû°ɣ
һֻűײĵطһֱֻ֡
ر˼Ҵȵ˯ͺܲԣֲСİײˡ
ҪҰһࣿеæסС֣ס
һ̣˵Сεʱ̡
ڱ׶ûô޴롣
һֻסҶһ˫С֣һֻ°͡
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ôһ˵ŷӦԼĶͷղһײСһ飬΢΢ʹ
оһˡ
ǳԣ⻬۵°ͱײúһ飬ǳۣȻֵӰ죬ô߳ȥĻƻܶ಻ҪĲ²⡣
θˡ
һķڳϵ˿ûз֣·ɻʱѾȥ˿СʱѧУĳֻ̣Сʱѡ
Ƭ̺󣬼ûʲô£°ϵĺӡ΢һ㣬𽥷ģ򿪳³
ʱŷ֣ϵ˾ˡ
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˾պB£ҿųһѧУԽ͵
ԳԾĶܰѳһİ˿š³ҲˣѵڵĶûһֵǮģ
԰ű³
ݸƽʱСĵ㣬Ҫܣرǿʱʱֶࡣ
ģBҲһˣ֪ô
ػĳԣúʡ
ӴˣôԶǲŵġ
˵䡢ĬԣЩɸΪ֮󣬲ž䡣Ӧæڴ򹤣̫ͻĿˣûʱ˽ĵѣŸĴɡ
ʵůģѺˡ
֮ŰƵſȥ
ڷɻϳ˷Ϊθڣ˻һ룬ڻû㣬Щ
˼ʲôԵĻʱ۽ƳУſǱվһеˡ
֮Իע⵽һ˳òֵһʱֱֱضߡ
¿˿Χûˣ򣬺ֻһ
Ҳ˵˿ģ
̲סƣʶԼǰ˼ȿ˭֮æƿ۾װû
ֻϧղ˶˺ü룬ʱװûѾˡ
ǰö׵ڷɡ
ڷɳ߹һӱˡ
λѧ˵ʲô֮Ļʲôܾ
һ˲Ǻˡ
˽е
Ťͷȥǳԡ
֪ΪʲôȻһɿһ˵ĸо
ڳԵĳ֣ڷͣ߹ĽŲ
æЦų߹ȥ
ôʣʵﶼмˡ
̧֣һQСҼ
ǳΪƵĹҼܱߣеİ
ллĵؽӹȥ
ȻԼкܶĹҼ˼صظܸˡ
رǸպ߽Ρ
㡣ͻȻһӡ
ʲôһ㶡
ԵһЦҿڷɻϳԵò࣬ոȥ˵㶫԰ɡҪ˵ʲô˵ҵˣ˳糵˾Ѿˡ
˵꣬ͷҲصˡ
ЩΡ
ĴӣǸС
Ŀͳ뿪عΧŮָָġ𣬳ԲǱˣǿBȫĴѧ
BУſڣ˵
ЩŮͻȻ˸뿪Ǹط
һڷҲû
ЧӦȻ´ڷܲܰ񵱵ƣ
̲ס롣
صʱ򣬴Ҷڡ
һηżٳ˱صл溺橺浶ûؼҡ
һţ浾ʹˡ
ˣеһҲ˹
ֵؿܾЦݲԾ,Ǽͷˣ
ʲôüģ
£óһЩƷһһ
浸ԣһֱãųüŪ۵ʣոû˭
￩һ£ѵʶԵ±֪ˣ
ǶǳԵãƽʱʱ˵л溣Ȼ٣ҲһгԵϢ͵һʱΧ۵֡
Ҫ̹˵ˣ
һҪʶô죿Ҳ֪ͬͬ⣿
ӵʱ䣬Խתתôڡ
ⲻ֪ģ浵ȴǺߣ˼ڣڷȥˣ

14

ڷɣ漴Ӧҽ
ڨڨЦ˵ҺüΣһСľ˵©ˡ
˵©𣿱˼ʲôô
ֲУſڣרڵһ
ǳڷǲǴһף
ʱ
浣Ȼѣ
ò˵Դ򿪵ԣԼ¡
ɫԣСؿڣ㲻ˣ Ӧ̻ˡԲԲҴˣҲӦøġԺ󣬲˵ʲôҶˡ
ƽʱԸģʲô˵ٻᱻܾһΣΪԷϵݣͦģ׺ߣܲ˼˼΢ţæԷһ£˵ĻᣬҲԺˣм治ϲԸӦòƽ̫ࡣ
û뵽ķӦô
һֱǸǲ
ѣǵ̸У˽⵽ԭίҲΪЩˡ
Ҳµų̶ԭôһʱ˵
ЩΡ
ǳ
˵ԣϴԼС㣬ر۾
ոѾڳ˯һһ˯ⶼûСңʱҲû˯
ٹһСʱǷˣ˯ʧߡ

Ķ
ٴӴ𣬻𼱻ǵ´
ǣر浣һһµģ˵
Ǹʽ裬ˮϺȣ̢ۣܰкüûԹġ
ŷֲԾѧУиʽ𣿾³ôһʱ䣬Ծȥˣ
˵˯ŵʱ
ȥҲͽ˵ͨˡ
û뵽ôġ
˼ˣղųƵ飬˲ʧӰ١
кóԣҪҪкѹ
橹۲ɫȷ黹ԣ㻶ܹ
ҪԣҶӶˡ
лƿڣ˭˵ҪʼʵģżСʱҪˣ
һߵؿл溣ŭһˮ⣬ڳݲ˵гԱ˺ʡ
ˣ浻Լλϣתͷڳʲôҡ
ĻϵĵӾ磬ŶװԼڿ磬֪ڸ
ӣ£ûȥĶ
ͻȻǰݹһ̢
¶С˵Բ𡭡
ҪҪԣ˵ȻʲôҲû͸ƽʱһ
һ£̶ĵؽӹȥԣ
Զζԭˡ
ԭȲãԵʱ򣬲ŷֳĶе࣬ŮȻոպã൱һˡ
󣬼ʰ
ͻȻл溾ȵؽһȻǳիģ
֪лھʲô
ᣬֻлBбˣҲֻ֪ʲôի
իİװзǳ򵥣ֻкеӡ֡իҵǱĲ۸ǳ˵ҪȥԣҪԤԼҲҳԹһΣұѴġ
л溷е׵ı־ҿǳիġ
ԤԼӡ橸̾
һ䣬˲Լͬؿ
Ҳµġ
˵ҪԵĻҪԤԼл溡
л溵ͷ
һСԵô쵽ģ
̽۹⣬ʼ磬ε˵Ҳ֪͵ģû˵ôġ
ʱ·ɻãûʱȥԤԼͰɡ
ѵʵԤԼˣպյǸͬһʱģԸɴˣ
˵Ǳ͸ģּ緹ûԶ٣ԣֲ˼˵͵ģֻƭġ
򵽳իĶ˵ԣȻǸ
ɻûãΪע橺תˡ
ôģôû˵
ǸǮʲôʱʶģ
׷𣿡
˲ϵ⣬һͷ󡣵һ仰ʱͻȻͺˡ
뵽ϼʱ΢ϺЦ
[˵׷㣬ô]
ּӿˡ
ǲЩյ롣
Ѽһһۡ
Ϸ
׷ģ
ûûУֻͨѣ磬Qѧ
Q󰡣֮ǰôû˵
橺һϲԵģʱô˵ҲĹһֱʡ
ֻлüͷЩǡ
ѼЩǮƽʱЩݶֺģ˵ǮҲò
ҪԤԼիҲôס˵һֱȥԿԤԼ˺öζԤԼʶİæ˼ݲųԵ
˵ǻԱſԡ
磬ݲ򵥡
һֱǿֻѣҲû˼ȥ˵СĶԷ

ϣд£ͻȻ˷ǹ
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ôˣ
쿴̳ѧУˡ
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︽һŸƬ¥пԼƷȻĵ
ƬĳԴźɫ˶ףһӣϴЦܺá
¥ܼ״εһͨĳźظпϧм£ûмų񣬲֪ѧУҪ
˿
ӣԺ̸ûĵ
µһŮڰһ˵洺ӣˡ
ң΢Ů֣һֻһСССżһ֪ŮĶ
ʱĻܸܵһŨŨԹ
ͷģǸ¥£֮ͲٳˡǳԵЧӦʵ̫ˣһȺBѧڵԣûãͽһӷչ
ҳ滹ʮҳԣû˼ٿȥˣֻҪû漰ûȤҲټҰ԰Ծ͹ȥˡ
ֻǣ϶ʼûãͱ橴ˡ
ɻؿ橣ȴϵĳ
ôˣ ʡ
һָָı߿ȥ
ϣһɫСż
ոյƬŵģż
橻˵˵֣ڣBܶ˶֪ϵżˡ
ɫһ䣬ţȴ֪˵ʲô
˵߽Сܱߣܶ˿
ֻ˵˵ԣǶ֪ǽС˷ۣмʮż
ҪǣǰãǸճ裬ǳŵĴӡ
ȫһ

15

ˣô룬û͡
ǲһز;ԵЩˡ
ǣ㽫ͳʶ˵һ顣
Ŵͣһš
˼˵ү磿Bˣеܲˡ
ɵص˵ͷӦðɡ
˵ȥ̣漮ʲôģӦǰɡ
һֱBзչӿսʱھһֱڣ˵׸֮ݱ㲻ơ
橺Щʧ
ƣܳԵļΣʣᴳһƬʲôʧ
˸ҲܳΪһ
ˣûΪԲ׸֮һ˿á
ף橺浶ԣ׸֮Ǹǿ˾
˾ˣȻʧ
յ޸ҲǺǿûã˵ܳˣƾȻ
Ҳһᶨ˵ûǮˣҲǵ񡣶ң֤ݱǿӪˡ
ԣԼãҪԼ׬Ǯǿ϶ûǮӪʲô˧У֮š
ͻȻͬʱֺõؿͬʱ˵Ժϵòã
ܲܺ棿
üȻԤһ
Ҳ֮ǰұ֪ԭ
ͳû쵽ֿԻѵĳ̶ȡ
뵽Ϊʲôѣʮ룬ջλڴĿҡҡͷ
Ǹҡᡣ
ԭΪѻʧû뵽˾Ȼû˿ģطȰûû£ʶҲ˹ʺˣ顣

Ȼ˵еҲûҪֱ˵ɡ
õ˿϶Ĵ֮²ˢ̳ȥˡ
˵ô죿
ôһʱ䣬ѾϢһ֡
̶ûã˽ϴڷɸ׵Ӷ
һӣͳ̳ϵĺˡ
񶼺йأβ˵Ĺע
Ȼ˵˵ֻ̤һߺͳģһߵڷ档
浿һְա
ΪڷɳУſڵҲ˱˳
ʱУϢ͸¶ڷɣΪڷɰһСæžһΣԺ󶼲ˡ
˭֪һξͳˡ
ｫ˵ú˿ʼ̲Ů
ܹصĶԴһۿ΢졣
˵ͳԲ̸ǣҲģЩ˸ûʸⴧڮ
һϣB̳ܻ𣬺ܶԣһ㽫ճʱһΣB󣬳ˡ
ƽʱϿΣ֣˼ѣûѣҲûкϿɰǣͲסЩǿһЩĪе
˵ϴڷɱ֮󣬺ܶϵѧ㱳˵ͬѧںڷͬһѧԺ˵һЩܲõԡ
֪ǴˣҲ֪Ƚϵ˶ûǰ
ѧУһֱǺܴһط顢顢뻹зܶȴȻô˶米󣬶һȫ˽Ĵۡ
һϣķңȫв˾绰ûƽӦһ£ϽˣԼ쳣
BеһͷԿŵϵӣþû˵
֪˶ãŴͨĵ绰̳ϵҪô֪⣬ڷǱߣҴ
ҵ绰ִ֮һ˽һ¡ѩǱߵĽȣУСеС˵ıȣ⣬ϵҡ
Ǳƺ˵ʲôֻǵšһűֻ
˯ǰյһ΢š
[ģһᴦá]
ĪģͻȻ˺ܶ࣬һüͷ˲չˡ
磬һ浿ĵ˵ӶɾˣǲǹԱķ֣ʱֹ
һȻЩйصȫɾûˣҳָΪԭƽ
˵ᴦĴøɸɾ
аϲȻǴһ־ͽˡҲ֪ʲô͹Աͨ
ǱУѧû˺ţôҵԱģ
ˣ¾Ͳ׷ôˡ
Ȼˣʱûɡ

16

ʱúܿ죬ȥˣԪܿҪ
ÿѧԺﶼٰһԪᣬͬʱҲӭᡣ
ȥΪȻȥˡ꣬붯С˵ѾӽβֲдЩᡣ
⣬صģѾʼдˣòãɾӣץĵز
޲һ48Сʱʣµ24СʱдС˵
ֻǣû֪
лڵѧᲿһСƷݣһֱ橱һȥ
浺һûȣһ
ΧʱܾԼ˼άȷЩˣӦһ
л»Σ˱ѧѧȥѧᣬһ۵Ĳﵱ¡˵ҪСƷò㱻ץȥ׳һŮƭӡ
л溺ŮƭӣһӦǺܲ
Ϊݵ˭֪ЧȻ
лƽʱе䣬ӵĽɫȻȻ
״ԭЩĵʱҲ̲סֱ壬ؿСƷ
л溵Ϸݺ٣ʱˡ
£ʵô𣿡
˸Ĵָܺãǹ̫ˣûʲô⡣
лʼ磬⣬˶óܹܵġ
溣ҷݵõģΪʲôŮǣ
߸ģҪѧҲأлν˵
ͻȻ󷽴һЦ
תͷȥŮվż̲衣
һŮǿ˵еᣬܻҽڣ˵ʲôݲŮֻС͵ɡ
һҪ
æѹסҡҡͷ
лҲֻЦһ£û˵ʲô
ԷֺԽˣŮǶȥ
СƷŮѧ鲿ĲҲѧԺԺ
ֵĻҲл溱Ȳ˵ݼĻ˼ֱ֮лƣԺࡣ
һԭʵСƷӲԺݳżɵ顣
ŮԺ̲֮󣬲֪Ǳ˵ʲôֻԺߵŮ߿˹
л溳Է΢΢һЦ
ǸѵˣΪ޹ص£һý͡
Ը˼뵥ǼѸһֱѵĻƽʱûٽֻڱ˶ȴɲ֪ߵغԺˡ
Ůʱǳ⡣
ϲԷ۹⣬һ
Ҫ߰ɡл溵ϷѾˣʵûҪ
ȥɡл溵ͷ
Ҫ뿪ոǸŮֺȵȡ
ͷԺ߹
Ժûпл溣Цһ˵Ҳˣ
⣬üԼʲôʱǵλ
ֻԺ˵ǰʱ̳ϳ÷зһΪĸҪУģϲ㣿
ֹŶ˵ϵڷɶ׹أԺһŮбۿЦһֻ
˵ոջ̵£ʱ̲ˡ
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ԭãôһ˵λԺʱеᡣ
л溲վǰ棬Ӳ˵ʿɶֹˣ˶ҪĳţΪǣµһƽʱһʶǿڹϪϣ㻹Ϊϲ㣿
ɫࡣ
л溵ĻȫڴĵϡְǹϪ׵õܣûڹ˼˵ʲôСʹ޵ľ͹ϪȽϣΪԶȲϹϪ
ϪB󣬾ټһ˼רΪףڶ꣬í㾢ҲB󣬽ȴֻǵõһòûʾ
ڹ˼ңŮȲϹϪһָͷ
B뾡취ͷԼҪϪӰ
лһߺ޲ѣȴ˵ʲôȻ֮ǰľӪҪһ
л溲мЦһ뿪ˡ
л뿪ıӰԹޡ
ڻȥ·ϣ˱޶໰ͻȻл˵һ䣺ѧ˵׷ԡΪǰԣ̬ȣƲҥ
΢΢һ٣лһۣתȥ
ϵģûʲô仯л溵ĻӰ졣
ʵϣģѲƽ
Դ̳Ǵ¼֮˾Ҳûм档
ЩţĳΪЩ֮󣬻ΪǸֵѡ
Ȼż΢ģǺɶԷڷԼ

17

Ԫûȥ˵лݵС͵ܳʣͷһȸǹŮǹ
ʱӰӳǵľƵ
Ϊѩ룬ߣҲԵӾ̷ǳȤ֮󣬱Ӧ̽ࡣ
ԪڣȥĻƱͶ硣
ƬԭߣӰӾԣǱ磬ʵײġˣʱöԷг⡣
һϣҶæһھƵ֡
ƬԼһȥ顣
һ磬Ƿǳ硣
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ڡѩǹװԱҪŨױͷףĶر硣
ΪȥͣʱѾߵˡˣҲԱױһУһ׼
˵װԱر࣬һЩݵױݣҪСʱʱ
ЩԱ賿͵𴲡
Ƭæݺ͸֮󣬾ȥæԼ¡
͸һܾء
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Сʮ꣬󣬵һУġ˵ڡѩԭȽϷܱҵģˣĵʱ򣬸ĶҲֻΪӦʱ֮衣
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סˣϪ֣ûˣ
Դպͳ֮һֱʶȥȥעйصȦ
һΣǾҲû뵽ôСϪȻС˵
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Ļûȥ٣գϪڣ᲻Ҳ⡣
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ԼĶ鷢ʾ֭һᣬҡҡͷûӡ󡣡
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ˣȴó
ңֻϷһһȴܿʮʵ
һɨҪС
ŮǷ棬Էˡ
ŮϢʱܵ
ڼĵһۣ֪ݣҶһ˿ȣܿȥ
СãҶҷǳϲѩԭһʼ֪ҪĵӾʱþȥӴһݺѩɫҶǳض˵
ΪȦźҶѶ湦á
֪Ҷ˵Ļּּ٣˼ôӣҲϽ¶Ц
ʵӦ꣬ʱֻܸѼϼܡ
ҺҶûһֱһƬ֮˵ҪȥĦ籾뿪ˡ
ЦеؿԺʣôСΪǾ鲻ɣ㿴ԼľԻòУϾͶĹװ磡
סصͷûоĳƺ
ƺһκιС˵һȥæˡ
Ҳϲ飬Ҳͣظ˵
һੲݵĻжȹ
뵽Ϫ飬װΪʲôϪ
ҲֻΪǺʽʲôˣߣϪ֮ǰϺܻΪһλˡ
ˣʲôʱ֪㲻ҪҲԼʵ˵ݼλС㣬Ӯң˵ã˻ѧԣBġ۳ݣȻмԷʽ飬Bѧԣġ
죬˵Ϫ٣ڶ죬ھƵſ

18

ǰûк͹Ϫ棬λϺУҲС˽⡣
ϲԣԼѧУУУݵĹ䣬ö֮ҲĿȾһЩ
Щ䣬ŷ£ΧװɫΧ߳ƵʲôáʱƵſͣһķһλŮΧĸ˴ӳһ·߽Ƶ
Ů֮ģһֱ˵ʲôȴλŮɫ¶͵顣
֪ſ̫ãǸպתͷ˹˵߾ôײˡ
ؿֻԷ¶һ΢Ц
ü
ǰһ̻һݵ֮˽һȴ¶ЦݣЦһЩģвмƣ
ǹϪ
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˿תͷ뿪
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Ϫͨؾˣζʼæµ²۹ģλ˴Сʽ飬Ծָֻţֲе㲻
С˵ȴ˶ϷԴ
ңûȥιۡ
һǲϹϪǲĿԼġӡĵ߰㡣
ǰѧУȻھȻ򲻵ĻƱϵģǱ߶ҹˡ
ǣֻöԾǢĹԱ˵Լ岻ھƵһ룬һС˵ȻȲػѧУ
ĸµʱ˵˵̲̣ȻÿĵܻЩ̬Ѿ˺ܶ࣬ҲȻˡ
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ղĿС΢ʱһģﻮźˮϲԣͷǡ

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ǶûнôԴӳ͹Ϫһ֮˾겻ɢˣ

19

͹ϪϵΣ֪Ҳȥ̽
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ŮܴΧм˲ԵؿǱʶԽԽű
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ô˵ĵһΡԼᡱԲκһ㲻صӡĿܡ

20

ԳԷſ˳Ӱ֮ûٺ档
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ԱǸʮŮˣƽʱһ˹żϵܶ࣬ûֶΣҲѹסһȺ̸ߣ˵Сëͷ

21

Աճ£źڿ۾ࡣɨһΧļˣǼ˱㲻Ծɪ¡
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Եö΢дţѺŮһ𡣸лǶǵĹעԺԼģϣҲҪشš
Ȼ˵Ҫشţ̳ϵһ˵ˣϽٹע
Ǵôһ㣬Ҷ˼ٰˡЩһֱˢ̳
ԭ۵лͻȻ˵һ䣺Ҳ֪ǲ˼㶼ҫһˡ
橣ڨЦûûУҾͶԺǼҫѡ
һۣˣԺʲôǿңһǵĺģǣȥ
ҷģ橸Ͻ̬
浽ţҲģ
лҡҡͷ
걻Цˡ

27

ա
˯У㱻ֻˡ
쿼һƣ㰲ĵعص壬˯ʮ㡣
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ɫܲãСѾͷԼ֪أһԼڵĺӡһľ
ͷ촽һߣɢŲݵϢ
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ԲʶģҾͰ¸ˡУĸףúΣһʱϺ˯
˵顰Բ𡱺󣬳̲סԴ
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Ϊε˵ûû㽲ҲҲԣ´һ㼸顣
Щ˼Ҫȥģ
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˵һ᣺ǲҪһȷϵһ죬ٴԼ᣿
ԹһЦıǼ⣺Ͱ˵
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ģ˵ѵˣҿһ졣
ۣйѰ
пʱһͷQŸձѣͷ׷ŶƵĴ
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Һóүʱ䲻֪æʲôȻɾˣ
ܿ죬ϡ
һֱֻڵͳǵһۼΰĽŲŲ
߼Ҫһ¡
ᴥǵʯ飬۾
ԼܹԽʱգصʱߺХȴֱӵ
ûгֻǾظż볤ǵա
ڿԹ¼һһЦһһ
ѹĵ׵ۣ뱧ȴֺƻǰա
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ûô棬Ϊһ춼չ˶ˣʱ̶ڹעš
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ллԣúܸˡ
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ΣŻ̧֣رס
ĵļȴָ΢΢ˡ
Һû
ҵ롣

28

죬ʹٲãҲҪؼˡ
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̾˿˵ɣȥǳԶٷȻٻԼҡ
һס𣿡
ţԼһҡ
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Ե뷨Ѿʮһˣļޣܲٸȥס̸
BеķܸߣֲһֱæżְһѧȴҪеĸ
뵽һ³Եļ֣ص˵Ȼ˵㣬Ҫ룬ǳҵһ֮ˣʲôû˻㡣
ⲻǰοĻէܺЦɳȴеůǰһڲůġ
ǣһʼΪ˵ȷۡˣٿҶŬȥΪ㴴һõĻ
ֻڸЦʵ˵ĻֻڳϼվȽŸܱ˳ϡԺ˳̫̫Щ飬ǵ
׻˵һƺںҲǡ濴ƹʵȴһֱΪĽŵʲô-
׵ЩͷС֣һָķɻ
ʮֲᣬҲ֪ηǱȻġǲһ죬ǿϼһиĸֻûһƲ˼ҹŮؼҹ꣬ǴԺҪδĸɨس
ŵ㡣㲻ˣҪߵҪȥϲϷɻ
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ż͵ģǽοɰ۵׵Цˡ
ȴװʧ䣺ŶһΪҪҽܸ衣
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29

ԵãҲĳС绰Ϣ
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ͷǸġ
ԴŮ͸¶дС˵׬˺ܶǮ֮ԽԽˡ
ϵصжһ룬Ǳ˼ص˼ϡ
ǻᣬǻүүȥҽԺ塣˼һʹˣż˼ҵһЩСë
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ﱲֻȫүү̴ģ˼ʱ
˵Ҹյһȥ

30

ڶûܻϼҡ
Ϊ÷ˡ
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ⷽ治Σʲôġ
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Bͬѧ˵ʽƤʺġ۸䲻ݳƷô󣬵ѧ˵ȴҲǾ޿
ΪǸͬѧеһǧģļҾ
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˵ŮΪüݡ
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ָС㣬ԽԽϲ
۶գһˢһ÷Ǳһþòܻع

31

ԭס죬һһ¡
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ʧЦķӦ÷룬ʱԼûö١
˺һ˵óһǮ
÷ҡͷʹˣ˵Լġ
һӻһĹʣԲܸôࡣ
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ѹǮô࣬һһλһ࣬˵϶кܶࡣ϶˵
÷ͻȻЩ˵¡
ʲôǮ޹أ˵ˣûʲôõ¡⡣
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裬ҽʲô֪룬ҾͲ˵ˡ
÷ȥ
ô룿һŮͻȻôǮ˭ô𣿡
ˡ
ģе˶ҲƷͺãû˵ǸʲôBɱԼѧ𣿶BˣҲ
÷ϳҡ
ȻԽ鲻ãҲûлɹ
ŮϳҲû˼
죺µø˵һɲȥһŮôİʲôǮǰȢϱ

32

ϼʱ˵߰𣿡
һۣζһ£˵û˵ģ֪ô
Ҿ÷÷ֵֹģʱ߸˵ģܲԾʱüǷƵ˵
΢Ц˵СŮˡ
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ż÷Ƶ֪ױҲ˺ܶ࣬ƼеģӦòڱһŵ
ʱֻǵͬǴѧݣı˼÷飬ȴ˴󲮸ĸΪøɧݡ
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Դ֪дС˵׬һǧ֮ľͽ
ӴˣֻҪ˳ҵʱѧУԺʲôãǮԼ
ںӵĹ⣬跴ܿÿЩͬ¼ӡźѧϰƴѧ֮Ծɲ㣬һҪУ߽˾ԵúӺһ
ǲ룬ҪǷͲôͬӵķѾܸˣûҪȥ׷һҪѧ
պִҪĸֻ֧֡
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ڵóԸЦݣҲġ
ȻѺӽӵǶʱϸ˵㣬ϣϻǸӺӵķչ
ˣŮԶBϴѧȻϼЩȥķ
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ĸʹأ
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ȻͬҲ޿κΣ֪ɷĽᣬշ֮Ҳֵ֧ľ
֪˵ֵˣְһվȽŸΪҳĿеʦǸŬƴֲġǰ飬Ȼû취쵽ְ
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һϼԺӣ֪˭ˣ˵ˣܿھӺü˷׷š
ָհѳϵĶ꣬ͿھӹЦźǴк
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Ӵ³ʲôʱģǮ
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ܱȣҲһʦʵģֻּλġֺ˵˵ЦЦ
үү˻죬㵽æ
ӣһһүүġ
æһᣬû뵽ĸ
÷÷˵ǻˡҾͰѶҶ߳ԡ
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Ҳȥȥȥ÷÷档ĸڻƵЦһ仨
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סʮ꣬Ȼڻ϶סسǣ̾ɨʱסһ졣
ԼСϣóֻ
Դûҳ˵
ԵһֱϢ󲿷ֶǻ㱨Լϰ࣬һҪ빤ٱ磬ʱ򣬻ĳԵĸʾڳԷˡʱǺʱǱ㵱
һ֪ܱ˵֣ۡ
һ칤ô࣬Եȴܲá
Z˽СĿȾ޲ɹȥΪϴ
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΢һֵϢҲ
ҧҧظôôˣȴںҾȥ㡣
ӦһȻС˶顣
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˿ͷ˱ȻȻ
޷ʲôģӦóڰС˵ݣȴʵˡ
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Բųλѻ㱨վĸ߹˼䡣
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СܸȻ׿ֶθϾ̫Сˣλƴʮʮλ
ͻȻ϶³ʮСȫ֣Խܡ
ǿûаڳ̬ȣʹǳδļ̳ˣн١
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Ϊֻһ죬Ҳûһֱֻֻдġ
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㿪дͿ÷Ϣ
һ֦÷ȥǱû˵ʲôɣ

33

һ㶣ĸҪ˵ʲô
ʱ÷˼ˡ
һҶүүϷ߳ԣøཨ
ųţøĳͻȻĸһ죺֮ǰǻͦµôͻȻ任ˣ
³һʵͦģͳڴĸʵʱ·Ƕ಻ӦƵġ
տӵֶ¡
ֻĸ˵ǲǵʦǹˣ÷÷˵һӻһ࣬ô躢ӣҲҪ˵˵Ǯһ
Լ֪˭ġ
÷һۣҲдǸ⡣
һЦ
費֪£ΪŮ˵˰ҵǲ֪Ӵˣͺá
ĸθһʲôҪôǮ񣿡
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Ҳֹĸ֪ô£÷˵˻ȥɫҲǺܺá
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һ׬Ǽǧ򣬴һҲҪô죿
ҾûŮҪôİĸԽ˵Խ֮ǰŮ˵Ϲǧİҵʱ˵ôİ򼸼·Ҿû˵ŮҪôõġũҵô֦չʲô
͵ط¿ӣ˵˵ʲô˵𣿡
ĸƲƲ죬ͷȥһû˵顣
ǰ軹ھάƽ͵ı飬ֱĸ仰ɫ̳
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ⷬ˵ĳʹְˣ·ʲôԲǵ¡
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Դ˷ӣֵ֪׬˺ܶǮ֮ھϿ˺ܶࡣǹְδݺݽ𣬲ΪŮǵĻͷϵǮͿˡ
ӶʮҲ˼ʮȻûиǮҲ׬ʮֵĿ
˵ڴľ֧ġ
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һ۾үү˵ʲô軹ڣʲôңղǺְ
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ĸȻҲû뵽ּ⡣
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£ҲСһǮȴһֱڰæ
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һӵû˳Եȥ˶үү
Ϊүүᷴԣû뵽˼Ҹ侲
ȹڰɡһδһҹǴҲл
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ǰ갢ˣٸһ˲Ǹ𣿡
ĸཨʹɫʾ˵䡣
ཨȴûһ
ƽǶҲɡǸָǴĸ衣
λ˽˷Լ󲮴ĸҲŽȥ
÷һˣΪԼĸΪߵġ
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Щǵ˵ģǮԼ׬ģ֪ҵרҵҶѧģżдͶ׬Ǯְɣ
ô˵÷ϸˡ
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ﲻ̸֪ʲôϼѾûθڣԻȥˡ
ǵڶ֪үү̶˵˷ּˡ

34

Ϧ죬ùùɺͼλһˡ
Źùùɵ棬үү̰ѷּҵ˵ˣ͵Ƕ֤ˡ
үⱲʣǮ࣬ǶŮġ
ϵ˼ǵǰ֮жǮƽ֣Ůƽ֣ùá
ǷӾ͸󲮺ˡҪļ䣬Լȵ֮ϴסıȽϽñȽ϶࣬ԣϣе
ԭֺ˽ӵس·˼ѾũסϰˣŲѡ
ֻա
Щǵ÷˵ģǱ档
ηּңǰ˵棬үүǱȽϹƽ
Ų˵ƽϣҲ̾Լò˼ҲչˣǳǮȻĸԸ
Ҫһ㣬ǾǴ󲮴ĸĲ⡣
ǵȫҴֵ׬ǮֶļӡʮԪ
ʵͺ˼ˣֻûй˵û뵽Ǵˡ
˵µʱ򣬴󲮴ĸʱ˸
ҲΪԭǷԷּҵĻҲ˵ˡ
֣Ҳּҡ
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ĸɲǣֻҪ¶ˣҲͷˣҶˡ
ʱŰæˣ⻰ĬĬ̾Ϣһ
εġּҡԣġ
ʵǱŵˡ
ϴ˼ĸǷسǵķӡ
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ĸҪķӣ϶Ӧ
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ԲһԡǶϰߣһΪӶɼˣԼСͥһΪλ˼Ҳϲ̫ҪʰȽϷ㡣
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ܲģھҲˡ˵ŹùһͷԷĶ
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ڿһ뵱Ȼģһۡ
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ͷ㲻˵ˣùúܿͰͷ׼־ΰϡ
ùܵѧҵǼĻһٷ˵ꡣ
漰ѧϰ׵壬϶ҪùõĶԻը
£ҲҪӵȤ
֪Ҳȥרƶˡôҳ˼ƴѧBУжĻģ㣬ôҲ϶ѧˣܲܵȴרƴѧϰɣ˵ܲż𣿡
˵һ䣬ùþ˵һѣ˵㲻֪ôش
ֱܲ˵ӲǶϣôƶûðɣ
¸ĸģ׽㣬ֱˮ
־ΰСȷǶô죿
ЩӣӲĴڶϡҶ·˵ܻɫ
⻰˵
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һԲڸĸ²ۺмѶȹ
ʼѧУʱˡ
˳㡭Լѡ

35

һȥӰ
ǿſţóֻ
Ѿ֪ǵڼֻˡ
Խ컹ûϢ
żٺ󣬳Ժæż΢ŷƵһ¶Է
󲿷ʱ䣬ûйͨġ
Ƶ绰ʱ򣬳Զڹ
׿ʲôҲ˼ʣҲǾؿƵдġ
𴲺ûз簲üϢҲûء
Щ
ӰӴǰͶ˵ġ
ûżʱʹ㿴ˣʱȻؼԼ÷һһΣ
ȥѼҴš
ԣ͹¼ҹˡ
ӰʲôֻиģӡһЩҾúЦĵ㣬Ҳûио
֪Լ̫ˡ
ȵӰΧһȥȻװԼҪȲʵʵȴֵ㿪ֻһ¡
ԻûиϢ
ƹ򿪣Χ½½߳ȥһЩûȥע
ȵƬβȫ֮ȷûвʵҲûκȥˡ
վֻջذһתסˡ
Ŵվһͦεˣ䣬ȥһ̣ȴһĨǳЦ˿ݡ
ۿ΢ȣҲûȥ
ȷˣ⼸ķ궼Ϊ̫ˡ
żǰܾ˾棬̫ԶˣƼؼҡ
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ͶͱôûҲ಻סеļ¶̧°ͣס
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Ҳ΢޳ÿһһµ˳š

ôҲû뵽
ʲôʱߣͿʼҪߡ
ӣָģߣһ𡣡
뻹Ҫһأ
ûϵпա
ԣĵ۶Цˣ̲סֿϣ˫
ˣŮôˣôۣʮãֱðСݣҲƴӰ࣬ϦҹûϢֻΪߡ
ǱߵĻү帴ԭȻûػؼ򣬵̬ѾʾúˡȨһУδύΨһӳԡЩʲô֧ݣ롣
ǱȶˣԱֻ
˼Ȩƶֻţֻð
ûгϣʼֻҪһˡ
ȻˣܸõģǱҲ֮⡣
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ԭøղԼһ˿Ӱʵ̫ˣˣôҲҪһһ
ʱһˣʲôȻģһ鲻Խί
һһһǣһñ׻úרעЦ㣬ҲЦǰ
û֣üŻЦʱĳ˵Ŀʼշϡ

36

سסûطסԭȥ·Ӵɨպϼ졣
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ȷסĵطǱõľƵ֮ŷġ
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ͨӶϴôĳסֵط
һ죬һ˼ܹĵطȥ˸顣
ϣŵ࣬԰ͻؼҡ
ĵؿţһȥƽʱͰ׵İɫܲõڿ
裬һˡסŲƼĸɫľʲô𣿡
ֿ裬ûֻԱһָ¡
λǶʮĽʦݣһ壬˵ơ
˲ֻصСʱ±ʱ
С£ֱͦ˫ַϥϡ
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ǾǣǾͲǣ
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費ǲ̸ֻԼ˵˵⼸ÿ켸ؼҡ
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ҧҧ촽˵Bеģǰס裬㻹ǵ𣿹ǴΣһȥУǸ
һ£ܿҼǵáԭʱҾ㣬㻹ʲô˵
پ˼
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һĵִϣÿɿˣʱҲ㿴ɵˡСӣ۹ŮдĵӾԱÿ
泤ôÿõȥˣ
ݸһЦְ֣BеĴѧǸǰΪÿΪ˵QΪ񻰡
Qİ̲Ӵ־̾
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Ů˵˵ʲôģ
ǽһԵ ʵǴģǰÿţڱˣȴЩѵ
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˵۹Ůǲʩģ˵˵С˵
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Сӻƭİɡ
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үүѾˣǰʱסԺǰջؼҡ
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˫ѧλ;רҵѾүүĹ˾ʼ˾

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к߯ƯˣһǮǻˡ
С˾һ׬ʮģŮ䡣
롣

37

˽˳ԵϢ֮
⺢Ӹоģƽʱôôʶģ
ӣ죬·ʶġ
Ծ·ʶģһΪʲôʶأҲߵһ𣿡
ɲǣҲ֡
ΪһμʱǱңΡ
һμʱΪ꣬ײҪ绰
򵥸˵ʶḶ́ΪŲĵĻ䣬ֻǼ˵ͳԵ¡
ԣ̾˿Ǻúӣһ𣬰軹ġǣȻе㲻þŮҪóȥඡ
裡ۿ΢죬Ҹ̸ѣʼͰְ֡
˵˻Ự㿪ʼ׼͡
ϴˣֻԽˡ
ȳ֮ʹóΪӵ
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Сǿˣÿˡ
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ԣ·һֱϲ
ԽԽϲô죿

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ԴҰְ11ȥˡҺΪ13ʱүүҵǡ֮Ҽ̸ȥ飬Һүүסһ𡣡
˵ⷬ˿̱ˡ
ͦ׵ġ˵ЩˣԲˣԵ㡣
ֱ׶ӿ۵òУһֱвˡ
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Сп棬ʱ㰮ʲôĸ˵һĸ
ͳԳȥ迴ĸ￴ŮԽԽȤ۾᲻ƿ
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лʲôҲû׼ʲôһֱԼŮǱʶȤذһƣȥһ³ԡ
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ӵ֪Ůֵ֮ûùȻܽܳԣϻǻ᲻ᡣ
СˣĿǰ޿ޣڼ˻һϲͨϣҾͺܿС˵ˣŮһ̸Ҫֹ۵㣬Ҫú٣ʱ˶ദˡʲô⣬ǵʱʱ˵ýȥġ
ôһ˵˼˼룬û˵ʲô
űغ󣬳תͷԵŮʱ˫ĿؿԼ
̲סһ¡
һסͣŭصһۣ˵òҪ˵һҡ
Цǻʲô˼ŮѣҰ㣬ףҲУ
ϼ˲һôֱ׵˵оʵ
Саɡ
¥ֱϳŻȥ
սţ費ͬɤСҵʲôģ
ʲô

㿴裬ָղˣҲϲˣ˵ġɹˣ۸ǰġ
ƿƣ۹ķھƣǮ򲻵ġּ˵
ƽʱûʲôҵమãΪʦи涼ƣʱϲһڽ
ƽʱ迴ϣϸҪϿΣżһΣÿˡԶԾƵҪҲߡ
һγƣպûʶϾмС
Ҽ˵еƣּøСƵġ
ʲô˲Σѣһ𿪣ȻвƷһ֪ǷƷ
͵ƷͶֵ࣬е¡

38

ڳԴƷôصĶЩǧ
ջǷˡ
˼·ǣΪ˸ºӡ󣬷Ѿ˼Щɼͼ˵ӡ
ﲻ۲ѡ
תۼ䣬ٽˡ
ͳҪ̤ȥBе·ˡ
͵ʮֲᡣ
Ҫ˯ܰҹԵõģǧҪԼί
ֶԳ˵ǼСûܹίΪŵùġԺBУúչҪˣСƢġʵڲУ˵
ιְ֣ô˵úԲһƣǰ첻ְ²۳𣿽ôתˣ
µİְֶһڹԼŮˣһ㶼ɫǰҲһֱǰ˵Եĺû
ְֻǳԴˣҲû⡣
ȴ˸̬ȴת䡣
ѵԼBУᱻ۸ǰֺ
ˡ
Ϸɻ֮迴ԶȥķɻӰӣΪ˵˵ԴСҲףϣԺӶ˳˳ġ
򣬵ͷġôѣûĸӺùˣƴŮġ
̾˿
̾ΪŮѲǶʧ䣬ҲΪ˳Զļֶж
죬ҵǷ˵ЩľԼСĸ飬ǲ֪ԭԾʮǰҵھӡ
Ȼֻа꣬Ϊһ˸ӡ̫̣ϼҵ˲ٶǵǡ
һⷿʱ򣬱ΧΧۡ
ԭʵ̫Ưˡ
һƯã˶ǳɫ
ֻϧΪ࣬˵Ĵɫܲãˡ
һҲ֪ʲôԭͻȻˣӴԺѶ
ʱ򣬳Իԣת
꣬Сʱι̫ˣеСֶգԣʱӪݻݵģǿСһꡣ
ǵõʱһֱԸڼҵƯܵܡ
뵽⣬̲סЦ˳
ٿ˫ϵ۾һӾˡԭӵԵ֣ôͿʼˡ
һʼɻ󣬳ôɫкô׷ԼŮ
ԼҺӣʵǳ̫ˡò䣬ﻹеǮƵضԲ
迴ţڸĹӡ
ȷ󲿷ָܻв֡
ڻðɣ
ܺãһүүҵүүǺܺãҲıܴ߳ҰȥıˡҼ̸Ҽ̸飬Ƕû˵
һʼ谭ҵݲܣҺүүȰ˵ȥԡһ꣬ȥ顣
οصͷֵúõĹޡ
ǡ
̸Ͽ˳ԡ
ر֣ԭȶԼŮĳСӻЩԾС־ҪȢʼŬ飬ȡΪ˺Ҳˡ
òϣкĵġ
һ˵ľԼԴĿԿƷʡ
⺢ڼУԼ־򣬱үүһȥ֮󣬼Ǯˣȴܲ꣬Ȼƣ־һС
ӣԺúö
ģһġ

39

صѧУϿΣԷ֣Ӻһ
ܸоƽΧת˱ˡ
¿ΣƽʱĸŮͻȻһ
ŮAȥĳԷ
ʳá
ŮBҲȥʳ𣿡
ǵġôôʣȥʳȥ
ŮһۣЦ˵ûʲô;ڻȥʳóԷֵֹģ
ɻʣȥʳóôֵֹˡ
ŮB˵ǳŮʳþ͹ֵֹġ
ŮѾͲȥʳóԷˣģȴǲɵģҺ˭һѵͲˣϲʳóԾʳóԣȥԾȥԣº˭Ů޹ء
ŮB˵ΣҪ˵ʲôŮAסˡ
ȥʳó԰ɡͻȻİѼˡ
á
ԭҪȥʳóԷΪȽϽͻȻŮ˳ˣһ
Ů֪ԼˣûٺƤظš
ʳãƢ¶һ·϶
úЦӣ˻Ϊ۵أ
㻹ЦոûǱ𣿷ԵġƽʱûǶô飡ңȥ̳ϱʱǻͼӴ˵㻵ΪҲ֪Ҳ㲻ƽϡңԸ˺
ʧЦ˺ʲôãֲҷԣ̳ϵҲ̸˵ˣڲû𣿡
Уţƣ̬湻õġ
²۹²ۣȴĽ״̬
Ƕϵ˵Ϣһлʱ˼Ҳἤħˣѡ
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ȥУ֪ģССسǣûʲôֳͬѧûע⣬֪ûоۻᡣ֪Ϊʲô֪Դȥҵ¡
ŶƺЩʧ䡣
ֻؼʲôôĹң˱ˣ橴˵
ʲôؼҲ׷׷Ǿϸ˼˺ơ
˵Ƶġ
լլû˺ơ
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εҡҡͷ
ȥʱ˵һӾ磬ΪúܸЦǱ߱Ц
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·ȭͷ޻ϣɱᡣ
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ⲿСȻС˵ģȴǵһΰؿ֪ȵһΪڴ˺ܶߵģ˷΢Ƽ
ǵõʱĺŶᵽⱾ飬˵ǷǳֵÿС˵
һαô֪VƼܳ
鱻ƶˣⱾ齥ˡ
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ڣȻӵľ籾롣
д籾ǰǲῼǵġһֱΪҵרдС˵ģûдҵҵܾ׼رԼ뿴ݣ
Դһʼδһݡ
ʱ䣬Ѿûпˡ
ʱӰӹ˾ľ籾Լˡ
ĶȻ֣̿Լòá
ǣ
绰ȥʱԻڿᣬΪֻǼ˶ѣֱ̧ʾֻͣ߳칫ңôˣ
и籾Լҷһ¡
ʼԼĵ뷨˵
Ц⻹Ҫ𣿿Խӡ
ҵԼ
Է˵˻б𣿿ңҲʡ룬ӦǾ緽ֺ÷˿߱黳ԣܻС˵˵ĵ㽻㣬ʣµĿר˸𡣡
ðɣԡ
Է˵绰
Է˵Ǻͳ˵Ĳ롣
ȻԷǳ˵γǸᡣ
ƽʱȫµȦӳԻҪأ
ǽ㿪ʼı֮á
տʼӴ˶µġԭΪԼѧϰɣѸʽͱģʽˣ㿪ʼд
ȻһһαʦŪͷɥġ
Ŀ࣬ҵȴǺܶ࣬ľΧ֮ڡ
һеĿʱ䶼ϡ
ѧʱԿɣȴæѵʱ䶼ûС
ʱܳ޷ǵһθ绰ʱˡ
㲻ҪǸҴ绰Ҹո뵽һ㣬ָˡ
⻰ԼڿӸԼĳԣ

40

Ϊ˱ץʱ˳ȥ
ȻΪרעһǼõģҲҪʶȰɡȥܵˡ㻹ҪҪˣʵصû˵ڵĻ
аɣݽϡϢΪдõľ飡˫Żȡ
ԣ
䲻д籾ӶǾŮѣҡҡͷϳ
ʲô
˵иţ̻ܻԣ
Уͻ
һ٣һ١
ۣǾȴܺáڸղʱͻȻһӿ֣̲ųԻ
ϣŵֱдһ㡣
д󷢸ʦ
죬һߣ㿴ԼͨϢ
ڹˣڴǹǴģǿɵһ
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дĶ
ۣ㿪ʼԼ𣿡橼ʡ
ˮԼô׵õģд˺ܾˡ
ǵڻ֪дС˵£ÿ쿴ڵǰžžž֣Ʋ²õֻǲ֪ôѡ
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ͷ
٣
Ҫôشأ
ѽҲǸѡǶ٣㶼Ϊ˼˵ǰɻˡ
Ҳʼд¡ϵԺ󲿷ֶдأʹдİ߻ҲҪ۵ġ
ԲŴ㿪ʼԼ
Ҳ֪£û뵽ȻѾжˡ
ֻһûй滮ɫҧҧа¾
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ĩһĸӣ巢ʦ
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æӦһæ칫㱨ļλ͸עӡ
ո˭˵˶ҪӰ࣬ҪĿģ
ⲢԼ
Թҵ绰ſڸкͺԼ
ķҲȥˣѺǸĿܹĿûȤˣûʲôµĻͲҪҴ绰ˡ
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Դ֪С̸֮󣬸ӡһٱ仯
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һ

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ĩ̳ͨ˶࣬Բ֡Դƫݵ¡㳡
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ι֣һۼ۸඼ڼǧ֮䡣
Ȼǰû۸ܽܡ
ı磬ʮˡ
Ѳβһװ޸ߵ࣬Ա
̤һ𣬵Ա߲ظţҪ˽ʱʱؿڣȲˣҲ顣
ô
һ㣬̧ۿԣ
ҡҡͷֶûҲȥԡ
أ
Լҡͷ
һԶҡͷ
һΣ͵ط·ųԣҪʲôģѵƽʱ·ʦƺˣ𣿡
һγ
û뵽ǣһʱ˵ˡ
¶Ρ
Сʱ·㴩ҾãҲ
صңÿ¶רΪҸʦߴ磬Ѱö֮Ҳʼ
û뵽ǵСŮ
ҲãЩҶ㲻Ҫļ΢΢ͷСš
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Ҳ̫ˣ
ι칷ĵԱʱҲ˵λС㲻Ҫʵǵ·ҲС粻ϲ㿴еĶã֪ôѡ˵ˣ·ŮϲͺҪֱе𣿡
Աôһ˵е
Ҫ׺ףǵĳ룬Կ
¼ʱѵͷ
ԡ
תͷȻһɲȻ֮ǰĲݡ
߹ȥƹһ·󣬷ڳǰ漸״վλŮ
סˡ
ǹϪ͹

41

ƹ˼ҽ˻Ũױˡ
ĿⶼڳϣϪȷ
üͷ΢ƺЩ
ϪϢܿƵһ¡ΪԼѷˣٻǻ⡣
Ȼⲻų룬ͬɡ
ʶѣߵߣ̧֣ͷЦʡ
ʮָۣҡҡͷʶǺʶҡ
仰Ĺ˲Ƶ˽յϣһܽܵӡ
˺ܴľĿƿȴ׺ݶ񶾡
üԲΣסĿ⡣
ϪۼԼɫԾǡľٶǿӲ뿪
֮ǰ˵Ǹ鱦ǰ棬Ҵȥ
ˡ
ſԵ֡
ԣ
Ȼȴɫ糣žӣղŵûзһ
̲סǲԼˣֵһ̣Էģˡ

ţʲô
ûʲô
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¶ϲĵԱֿԣü䣺ү񡫱ո˵ʲôЩ·鷳лл
Ŭѹŭ֪ܲӦãǿƲסԼ
ȥĪ£ͷǳˬ
ף˴ģһ䲻ʶͿƲˣ˵ʲô
ˣ
Ǯ񽻸֮²ͣһȥ

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Աæ
ǮӣҴҵ׷ȴڲԶϢϡ
ڷɫ쳣ࡣ
Сĵߵߡ
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Һˡ

վֽӹӣ¶Ǹ˵Բ𣬸ղʧ̬ˡĴȴ㷢Ƣ
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£˼ˡ
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ȻһعãƽʱҲעB̳Ϫ̧õףͷҲ̧˵һСطŮƽʱҲۣȴB̳һ磬浱ɵ𣿡û˵ڵǣ׷˳ôãȴʼɼ򵥡
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뵽̳йʱüͷڳɫϪ̲ססȭͷ﷢⡣
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ýҲˬĻͿ˵ý㶯ù˼ҵȥ롣
ȴ룬ϪбһۣǵСϷһ֪ԼԼе
ͳһּɵıǹϪˣôȥƻ
Ҫ¸߳ġ
ˣҲνֻﵽĿġ
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ҰҪǿԣˡƾҸҰ֣ڶûܲ鵽ԵļͥϢȻҲ鷳㡭
ϪͻȻסŲɻ˳Ŀ⿴ȥ˲ɫŤ
ƹǰλվŵһϣ˫Ŵӣܲ㣬ȴӣ͵Ůһǡ
˶ó顣
Ӱ߶ȴ·һġôΨô顣
ǡ
һùعŵؿϪ㣬ڸգ
ͦÿġϪŴǣЦӯӯ˵
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ıӰ·˶
˫ȭָ׼ҪĴˡһϪһһ죬һǺù
ϪƬʼûлظ𴽽ǣȵֲм

42

Դ̸֮󣬺ûúܶࡣ
극·ϣ߱ߺ߸衣
ЦȻеŮ˰
ĽĻҲһ
ӴҲƤˣ˵ǲǳģ
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л溶пıˣӱǰÿˡ
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ˣ˵ͳҲһôˣʲôʱǼôһͬôã˵
԰˵׳ɶǻûأҲ˵
лҲڴĿ
ҸԼʱ䣿
˵ÿѧ̸ҪǳԷдС˵ʱҲãû뵽ôᷢԼϡ
ȥԼСϣԷϢ
СҪǳԷʲôʱпգ
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СҸһ¡
ͬ־ǣʲôʱȥԷСԴ̽⣬Ѻ
ǲǿ𣿡
˵Ǿԡ
ۣôĵǾɣ溺¡лǱˣؼңһڡ
ãҸ˵
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Ҫؼһ˵ҪУһ顣
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żȹھǰȻ
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ˣ߰ɡ

43

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־ʵû뵽ԼΪ濪ζϴԼôһأᱻᣬʱġ

44

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ӷԱʼԵļѺ۾񱻴Ƶģһֱ˼ҿ
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ֳƬ̣˵ҪȥһˡпգҲȥԵĳ⺢СʱòףĴǰһҲûϵ
˵ǰѳԵŮˡ
·Ѿ̸ۼһ㡣
֪ĸ˵뷨ǻΪǶϰˡ
ʦְҵϰߣжǺǿ˵жж
û죬տԣӵϴĵ绰˵Ѿվˣһ·á
˽һӣŻ𼱻ǵظԴ绰Ͻȥˡ
ʱڿᣬδĸˣæжϻ飬Կȥӡ

48

ԿĹ˾Զӵס֮û
˽˳Լ֮󣬱㿪ʼι
ңʡ
׷BвСˣǺһסĻǵԺԺ飬Сܾסˡ
ԣ׼ȷ˵ҵһסϴѧ֮үүϢõġѧУסϰߡ
֡裺
֣ǻͦġ
רСסġʲž̫˲뷨
Ҳ̫˷ˣ
Bдֻѧר׷ǶǮ
辪ʵԳһ㶼˽⡣
еϢԼŮͳԱˣ˵￪С˾С˾
ԴŮ̸˸Bе֮ҷпվ͹עBص飬ķۣǲ˵ָƣҲ˵ġ
ضΣСǸʽ¥¥һٲ٣ôҲҪ
ϴѧϢõġ
ȴѧ꣬ⷿӲû
ʦӣûǮˣһʱ֮䶼֪˵ʲôá
ι۷鶼ûˡ
ֻţδŮҲ̫Ǯˣ
֡裬ôôͻȻ
ӴŮͻȻŽһ
ƣͦġ
סſڰװΪŮѣ֪ԼաΣϤԼһû뵽һССϸڣ
㲻˵ҪҺ־ʱ䣬㿼ʱǸպõʱ绰
ڼҲû£Զʱ档
һһĸͣ
ʼպЦǡ
棬ʮǰʱ򣬳ԼΣһֱԺΪĹϵҶλֻС
˵ˣŷɫѾˡ
裬Ƕ˰ɣҪǳȥԣǺϢ
ҲáҺֱǶˣ֪ģֻ֪ѧУƬᣬȥ
ԣĸסݲͲסɡǿסķ䡣
з䣿ɴ۾ȵؿԾθߡ
裬Ҿżģû˵˳һۣˣôʱأֱ˵ͷ͵ˡ
룬һɣ˷Цÿġ
費Ȼؿ˳һۣķӦ̫˵㡣
Ҳ֮飬ĸĸ׵ģ˵Ůסһ𣬶ⵣĵġ
Ż𾪣ϸ֮󣬷ָõġҲ˵ˣķ䡣Ȼרŵķ䣬˵˲û˯һ
һ룬ܶˡ
ûŮͱߵıźסһ
ﲻ˸С
֪ԻãǾġ
ϣڴϣ˿һ
ֱۣͷ踧֣̾˿˵֪Ѿˡ
ʱ̵Ķ˲ʱ򣬾Ͷ˺ܶõʱ⡣
ŸоӸ׹أѧôСһֻھ˽ѵ͡
ûʱĸ飬ˣȴ᲻ˡ
ڷҲÿӵĸʩѹϲˣһ𣬾ÿˣͽ顣
ӣÿ˶ҪһġֻҪӹúþС
ǲǹŰˡ˹ҸķޣҲԸ񲻺ϣճķޡ
ôֻҪŮŮͺá
ģů֪
СᣬԼĴ㡣
裬Сʱ˵Ҫ׬ܶǮȻȥйһ״ӸͰְס㻹ǵ𣿡
Цˣôǵã⻰㲻ֹ˵ү˵
ǰҶǶ˵ĵ뷨ѾˣͰְݺԸԸBкסһ𡣡
ɵӣʱѾˣסһ𡣡
㲻סһͬһҲá
˵ݶϼңǹǲϰߡ
ǡ
˺ˣԺ˵ڰҲûݣѧҲûҵûн飬Ϊʱ硣еˣ˯ˡ
ðɣ


֪ú˯ȴһշתࡣ
Ů˯գʲôһ
֮ǰ֪ҪԵģٵʱȻʹ
Ӧúϲ԰ɡ
ԱҵBС

ա
Ѿ
æڳ
衣
ˣ迴ŮһۣעŻϵļ嵰ϽȥˢϴͿˡ
Ŷá
ص¥ϣԵķ䣬ͣ£ţеְ֣𣿡
ԹԱ㽫ͻסԼ費ڣ뿪
Ϊʱû棬źһ˯ֱ˯ڳԷ
ˡͷֵоĻӦ
ٴ¥ѾͰںˡ
裬ûȥĵط߳Ա˵
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㶡Ҳˣû뵽ĸôû棬ܿ
ţ֪ǣԼҡ˵⻰ʱһһڰš
ԼŮ軹˽һ֪顣
æҲýţû˼ûлС⺢ӡֻ迴ҿܼҾԶǼңԺ޹ȥ᲻Ӧ
ȿȣ裬ŵĶĶ˵ˣ⻰СıǺ
̸ǽ飬ǻ̸ʲô迴СǺϲǵ𣿡
ǰСBˣȻǰ磬ҵԺ϶Ҳ⣬ְֺһˣһӦ˾Ͳá
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ЩԺ˵ϼҴ˰뱲ӣ˵뿪ôף
֮㲻
˳ͺ󣬸ʰϣԱˡ
˵費֮󣬳ԳƬ̣˵ĸȻλBˣүүһ棬֪ԸԸ⡣
⻰һ˶סˡ
⡢ⲻðɡ־û˵˳תͷӡ
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BҪ˵żٲؼңڵ绰ͷһкҺʵģԲġڼүү⡢ǲ̫ˣ
Ȼ֪СԼŮһ뵽ʮһôͼҳܸоʡ
ҷʵ϶׼Ůˡ
ϽܣϻŤ
֪Ů꣬Ҫҳǽȥǲ˳Ѷ¸̸ˡ
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Ϊ˵үүȥZаݷöλģүүԴӳԺ֮ҽһֱҪúԲһϡ˵ˣҪҽһȥ
˼岻ãô飬ʵʦ̶ҡˡ
룬һͷĳүӣȷڳ׵ļƵǵĵ

49

ȥҵ·ϣ費˳ԵȰ˵һ̳һƿ׾ƺһвҶ
Ȼ֪Է϶ܶ࣬ûС
ڳϵʱ򣬳Զҷ˵ĸܱǸȥҼҡʵӦүүǵġΪһЩԭǸ˽ң˽Ǽңֻðһˡ
ְڰ֣Щûϵүү˼Ҫ˵ˣҺҲر𽲾Щȥ˭ңöá
Щ黹¶üǵһῴһῴǸ
үүǣǽŵģ趼⣬־ðġ
һ·ǼģԽԽˡ
µ˾ˣһòô죿
Ůѵֹ̧ıǼ⣬ʲôأ̫𣿡
ʵصͷ̫ͻȻˣû׼á
һЦ㲻Ҫ׼ʲôүүʵ㡣ˣүүرϲĻˣ˵ĸǽʦѧĵģɸˡ
ʲôĻˣ϶үүǰ̧ǡ
·ģأҲҪš
˳ҺҲûʱǽšΪǴӽſʼһֱ𾪵С
ǡô󡣡
ӡĺҲסǱס԰ı
Լңլƽ۴Сİɡ
˳гӭӵĹܼҺͱķ˼㿿ڳԶС͵͵ңҲԾģҼꣿ
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Ҳ˵λǹꣿһ˫̲סԲ
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Դӽ֮󣬱㶼˵
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λ׼Ҳ˼ʧԶӭ
үӿˡ
ͳүӺѹ豻ԱߵһĿ⡣
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δϱȨһƣͰ׵үү
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ͷӹ߻װġ
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ͨͨһũ峤Ůӡ
ȲƯҲûʲô̡۲ŻȻƾдС˵׬˵ǮҲáңЩǮڳǰʲô
үүڹڣ΢һţöҪһԣδҪ̳үүһеġ
ǲǲµҿܲ㣬Բһֱ˵
һԭ򣬻һϣϳҡ˵⣬̾˿طһ죬ʵҾͰʾˣϧˡУȥʱһعZУ˵Сʱסû뵽Ҳ޶ԡ
ŬΣ벻ʾʲôС𣿡
Լ֪ȫˡ
Сʱһʶʱҵ֡ʱܡ
ʯ䣬ˮӿ
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Űһɶ
ʲôСʱһ˱Ƚ϶࣬ҸŪԲ𡣡ץֻȥ
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ٺ٣ˣҲҲ𣿡
ԽǰҺߣȻҹҪһӡ

50

ԴİĶһһչʾİŮӿ
Ļᡣ
գЩǱүү˲١ʮһصҿʼÿ궼²Ƭ
һԱӡܰͷСк̬ͦεŹӡ
Ȼ඼ؿžͷоı仯
ӦǾʹ࣬ɱ
˾ǰȴԽԽ֡ΪƬһҳҳȥ·߹ǶѰʱ⡣
ӶʱѾ硣
Ӷ˰ɣ
ӣе㡣
ͷڴؿ
׸ҵĻʳӦÿȹŴĻʹɡ
ô뷨ͷЦ˵ǲһĳʦҲ֪˲ʧġ
լܴҪȥԷ߹ţŵ
ʲô֪Ĳݵһǳӡ
үλϣ˷ֲ¡
Ͱͬһ࣬úͳԶ档
׼ãһƿʱζ˱Ƕ˲ʳָ󶯡
֪棬ǰһз档
ʱǳзʱڣҵĳʦһλóзġ뵽һΣ볢˵еĸ߼з
ʱˡ
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Ц˵㲻˵볢зԡȻ˵㿴ʦ治ף㷴أ
תһһλԲĳʦʱվȻ𾴣Ӽһڳ
ս۾ˡ
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΢Цؿ˵ոүү˵Ǳҵ϶飬֮ʲôʱ飬Լ
Ǳǽӡֻ⺢̫µˣǳûл⣬ÿμ涼˵ϼ仰ˣǱĺܶࡣֻϣܺ㶩飬ġ㲻֪С͸˵
ȿȡ裬˵Щʲô
ѩԴϣ˿ԣ֪ʲôʱʼӶˡ
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ǣǷأ
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˵˵ǻ̰ԵǮ𣿡
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ٺ١

51

ȥ죬Bе棬ȥ˼ʤż
Щ죬Զٳ֡
˵죬̲סڣСæ𣿡
һۣƲ˵𣿡
۾һɣ٣㻹ڿϰְǰɣʲôģУˣڼûжԸĸáϰߡ
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ŮˣܹһҪ뿪ң޸һˡ
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˵ףǷ˴뱲ͨԳҵʱ򣬵ֵ
ܾóԼҾ̫ãһ۸
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޸ǮǼޣ޸ͨҲǼޡԼиԼļܣδʲôʣҲ¡
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Ц۾ҸղŲ˵˼ǰû˵ѽ
⼸춼Ǻ𣿡ֲŵʳԡ
Ǹĸ֮ǰԺҺ£ȫǵġ
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ڲһˣĳԱ㿪ʼܣЩǴʲôʼ޹ΣʲôʵȵȣĽʦ˽Ķöࡣ
λʦܿ㱻ԵĲܸ²ˡ
С⺢ӣĺܲ
˵ģ̣Ժ϶
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Ц
ģҪʵ˵Ǯֵվܵġ
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βǼ򵥵ضѧĶǶ߳ţδҪԼĶ
ΪĸͷһֻǣźӶѡ
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ְ裬пһȥġ
ã¶绰߸
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ʵҲ˵̽࣬ΪлھءĽɫأˣʵǿ̫Сˡ
˵鱾Ǹ磬ŮҲǴˣ˼ҺôǴ˾ǩԼˣлֻûǩԼҰ˲һ
οлЩǺ޾ˡ
Ϊ󲿷ֶˣԶԴлСԱܺ˵ȥ˾飬شһ߿Ϸ̣Ҳû˹
ʱ䣬Ȼ󲿷ֻڻתл˶Ϸʱȴ࣬ѹһЩνġо顱Ա
лĵľΪϡʦ׽
л溰ݵǾеķɣǰǸС׻ܺߣںڻҪֵߣΪɫ仯ܴԼмɺܳݼ̫
֪лôѡϵģĿǰݼȫŵ
ǸǿӣܻˣÿͷµԱ⣬Ϸˮƽһˡ󲿷ԱȶϷȻ˵ҪĽʣµȫԱԼĦͷӡ
лˣⲿŮǸƯС㡣Ȼۿɼݼɬ˶ϷȻ·磬ң١
ھ˼죬һһÿ춼ڽ
ԤУⲿϷġ
ھʮңˡ
ھʱÿһʼǱпվдһЩԼţȻˡ
Ϊһı磬ԱӴⷽйص顣
˽˼һôתôģȻд籾£ܹͨĵط
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ĳλǲҪѣԼһλУϲϺϱ졣
Դȥ֮󣬳үпձ΢
˵˼ΪԭڼңȻѿҶʹˣҲ߶
ԣүÿĵúܡ
ڼţʱҵæʲôġʲôúúõģɲó
ǣԱˡ
ڣȵϱˣš˹
ǰΪʶ˼죬ںˣӵĹϵȷڿԹϱ˵ˡ
ҽóʦ㰮ԵĲˣûпչ
ʧЦүүǽСȥլ˶ٷ
үүҽҪ༭пǰòã
˻ᣬ΢ֹˡ
ðɣ´пռǵȸҡүүóԵġ
õģллүү
Ϊû˵ʱ򣬳үүַǼǸ༭Ҫæүү߿ԽʦѰѹء
ˣллүү첻̸ǩԼǱ༭˵µ¡
ҪĻҪүү˵
ãллүү
ڶĨ˰Ѳڵĺ
֪үǴĵ֪дС˵֪֮󣬲гС˵Ӿ綼˺ü顣
֮󣬷˱δϱǲŮдС˵ġ
ˡ
дС˵ֲʲôѧ
˵үӱǧС˵͸ѻµԱڱֹˡ
ҲԿүүܺá
뵽Լ˴Ǻˣ̲ס
ֱ༭ȻһֺǺǵӡ
㻹ЦóӴ
һ棬Ȩ༭˵

52

üëάɻؿǰα༭ͰȨ༭
ʲô𣿡
ĩλ༭ģԼȿȣ˳졣
Ϊ͸ǰһǳ֣ӰٳԵƷ
û뵽һ棬˱һ顣
Q.Q˵Լ
һΪԼǲǰǩĺͬˡ
˵ǰЩȥİȨһҹ˾չˡȨ༭˵
µģֻ֪һĸıȨһҹ˾ǳӰˣ˵籾ˡ
ֹǱ༸չˡ
һ£ǰȥܹ֮ࡣ
ѩڣʣ屾
Ǳıȫδġ
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˵õ֮󣬰Ȩ༭˵ٹ˾ͰȨԻͬߵļС˵Ȩһ¡⼸Ȩָϸй˾رߵƷĿǰֻһˣδ֪ӰһΪܲ
иҪԭӰȦǰƺܶ࣬û취ǰ·յͬʱöಿ硣
Ӱӹ˾ҲһôȨģΪǸ㲻
ӰӰȨиı޵ġ
Ȩ༭¶أڵĵǣЩС˵Ȩչ֮󣬳ӰӲûкúġ仰˵ѩء
ȦС˵˰Ȩ֮һϢûС
ҲС˵ϱ
ܶϷƿƷ
һأҪۺС˵ĸء
༭˵δš
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㲻֪ϵɻˣΪû΢ûܵС˵ʱ̳ɶܻȻܳʱûˣȶȻ£ֱܿܳվҪ㡣

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룬бҪ
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˳Ӱҹ˾
ҹ˾ĳѧվͬµģǡѩءһ»е
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͹Ϫԩ޳𣬳ΪеϵϪʶˣܻ
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ΣϲǸСŮʹ˵ӡ
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С˵ٻʲôãûʱȻϲ̨档
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֪Ȼǲܵ¡
񣬼ʹϪ˹ϵҲ޷鵽Եʵݡ
ǶΪԲǸͻͨͥĴѧ
--
ڹϪÿʦ̬Ħ籾ʱ˼ҴһϢ
ǾǳӰӱչˡ
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Ϫǹ˼ֱϵŮүŶ
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ĸ׶˵ϪҲʶԾ
ԾɺܲģϺö˶˵ģС˾Ǳ漰ҵﲻԼǵչǵġ
ĸĵ˵˵ǼȡһƤǳϵģүүͰְ˵ڱصãۻٴ۶ֵá
˶٣˵λӣ£ԡ
ͣ裬֪Ҫ˵ʲôҲӦ
ûһƲ£Ҳүүһ£ãԷүү˵ôãôǼһҲδزɡ
裬ҲǸ˵ҲҪҪҵйͬ⣬ͬȤ̸ܹమ˶ȹһ
ô֪㲻ϲүأ
Ҿ֪ٳɫҶϲ
ĸüͷϪϪǲϲˣʳںŮͷæ費Ƿ̸ҪȿԷļҾ̫࣬赣ƭ
ѽЩ˵˺ܶˣģԼзִ硣ϪĸƳ⣬֮ǰٴǿһ飺ǲӦġ
ǰšѡعϣĸ̾˿
Ӱºܿڹ˾ﴫ
ӲƴֵĹϱתֵʱΪǿĳϣ˾ְҲ֪һǸõġ
Ͼϰ壬Ҳ֪쵼ĹģʽʲôΪԼΪԱЩڴ
˾չ֮󣬹˼Ҳϴһͷעᷢչһ㣬ֱ˼СһӰ˾
ϪȻӰӡ
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ȻһвΪǡ
ڹ˾֮ԭ˾еһԴ
˾ȨҪԼӶѰʵԱ
һ㣬ڵǩͬʱᵽΪ϶ǿƤڱصãҲû¡
ϪΪµĸ߲ʱһ㡣
˵һΣ

53

Ϫţ˾ôܰһҶ׼˶ˣ
ǸС㣬ǹ˾ľ½⡣ԭ˾ܾǸܾ˶ͷǺˮΪѵض˵
Ϫ
ļͰǰֽдţϪҧгݣȴ޿κΡүүǩµġ
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ͻȻһͷɴ۾ʲô˾ֵһ㡣
͵ҡͷţܣԲ
һô͡
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ǳԣǾ˵ͨΪʲôϼŻԵ޹չӰӡ
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Ŀʼ
֪B̳ŷ粨ֱʡ
ͳͨ塭
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ϵذοԼҲһֻϹģʵġ
С˵ıĿʱϪ֪Ӧò¶ˡ
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Ȧöˡ
һ
ôһ룬Ϫźһ㡣

54

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ֿλԱ˵ˡ
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ԣױպԱʱǲŵġ
ȷ˼΢ȷǵӾٲ֮󣬲š
û΢߳ȥС˵֮޴ȥˣƽʱµСʹǱ׷ܵʺƨ
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ȤĵطЦò㵹ء
ԺؿŮһɵЦضֻ
ʲôôЦߵ¡
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Щ̫ɰˡ˼ҵĶ߲ϲС˵ĳɵӾ磬ҵĶ߲ᡣ˵
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˵ÿһģз˿ɫɫͼʱƵȻȥ
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Ȩķ˿
ңÿС˵ı࣬Ա֮󣬷˿ǶȥԱ¸ɫʺƨһǶԽɫӣһ˳ԱԱĻŭŵģԴϷ档
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дĵĳǺ棬˵Ӿ磬Լ¡
ȻܵõôСʹ֧֣жʱͶдСʹҲ࿴ĵġ
ԳԿһ˿ַ֮˵ҪҪʾܸܲ̽ѽϴΡѩʱǾҵġ˵һǲǲҳϹϵ
˵Ը죬Ӧòڣô˵Ҳһֱˡ
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-
ѧǰڲμһؾĿʽ
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һ˳ǱûƱ鼸˳ȥһ¡
飬֪֮̽Ժûʲôپۡ
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࣬صĹԺĵ
СԽ˼Ĵߣ
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ֲǹߺģбҪ¶ô
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ΪˣͻʶȤߡ
˺˵˼仰ֱֱ

55

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Ҳزǰˡ

56


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Ϊû費סʮС׷Ӳǹһ¶İҡ
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һ˵ҵô׬Ǯⲻһ
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֪˭˵һ䣺÷Ѱ

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һȥˣ÷ø
΢ճŹע֪һֱòԽԽߣԶı仯һҲȡ
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ܿϵ
÷ϵʣüͷ塣
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ڽӵĹУֱضü롣
вʣüʱתˡ
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58

ᵽԣûʲôӦ֪ģ׷׿
αҲȵؿһۡ
ԶԶԣ֣㣬𣿡

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