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绪ïĹʦһĹټС㡣
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걻˱Ƶǽüۺ㳡
زʶ´˾ٺ⣿
Ԫ
ϴˣҪзˡ
аսϴ˿˿Цв㲻ھ͡

һ仰飺̫治ס

ݱǩ ǿǿ మɱ о 
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1 
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˵Ҫһ⣬ŷ׽̵ľĲ䣬Ӿ£ָڣ󺷻ֻıأӶʳҲ̶á
⻼ʢǧҵһĲƶӳԼһΪף³ɣΪ֮ɣ
Խ֮أɽˮů羰ˡȪѣ̲ãã겻ɢɾ
ҹ
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һӰ֡Ǹ꣬Ÿɾ䣬мֽζݿ㣬üĿʣͷɱӣƯ飬һѹϡ
һӼ򵥵ĳ䡭ţĪ˵ˣһͯҲѹϡ
ߡˡšŸǿ֪и
Ҳ֪ڶ˭˵ҹУɳɳ죬Ʒ紵Ҷ񶯣ƹҹɱȾ
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ȻεΪıĿŰܣҶ׷ףն𣬳ʱ伤״޲䣡
֯ĽϮԲʮɣ
ѣ֦ɨ䳾Ҷ죡
ֻӰӰѪɳжˡްսȴˣΪڣͬ鴳ããȪ
ƼƮվϣƮƮڷϲһԶĪŷͷҲûȥ׷
ʲôҲûһŹǷɻǸҡҡ۵ϡǼɱڲȦ´룬书ϧˡ
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ȪһƬþĺ컨ɴؿšˮɫޣƻãӳƬˮųа콡ħգˮɫȾѪѪ죬ǺģǺġ
ˮһˡ
ӰѪ滨֣٣Ʈݿ˵Ĺаա
Ѫţ޷˳ѷֲʵ˵صɱ֪죬Ŀǰܾʹ˷
𣬺ӹˮ棻ӰԡۿҪĿһɱ
ͻȻתݣƮãã֮䣬ֻˮһƬѪ컨Ӱ

һ̴ٲǻҽУӿѪ֮Уȫǣ治ɽİ׹Ѫ֮£ȾѪĻٿʢţȾ˪ɫ£а׳뾰
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Ѫˮ䡣
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һƬâԽԽ
âмɢˮҲԽԽ׹䣬ĳֽεͼڣ
ٿһĨӰӹȦ׹ǰȪûѪɫУ
Ȫ滨ɢѪɫ糱ȴ

ԪǱˮж𣬡ȿȡǺˮͷĿѣһʱܡ
˼ȴ쳣
ʱӳģڱǼѪ˾ƵءԼʶˡ
͸ҹɫԵˮ档
Լܿһӡ
ˮһͷɫ˿˿ɢˮϣ沨ҡҷɢһʹ
Ԫ뽫ˮ桢ָһ˲䣬һ˿ļ¶ɲ޺ۡ
Ĵɻ
ǽϵʯϡ
Ҳſ˶Էò¹£ƤܰףѰԲһаԡɫ˵ұˡ
Ůӵòͬһ־мջԵĿ޷ݵΣա
˷Ǹ󣻰һӦȫԡþ߽յΧӦлһڰ
Ԫǧ˼һ˲䣬ñĳקģǷйأ
֪Ƿ񿴵ֵһĻ
鷳
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Ȼ˫ۡ
ˮ沨Իһ˲ǧ
һǿҵױȵɱʵ
ǧ⽣ӰԪϴ͸ٹӰУܣܣڶԷһ˲䣬䣬ûаԥ쵽ĹӶûһ˲俴عڻС
ડ
նˮˮһˮȻƽ˾ʲôҲû
ԪԽŹߣһϮȹȾˮѪɫˣԵȴмǡֻԶδ¶˿ɱ⣬ֱ˷ָĵز
Σ룬յӡ
ǵѪˮˣ⻮ˮ棬ӰбȹƮתʧҹɫˮһˮҲʧƽ

ɢ
ӯգ㾲


2 ҹ
һҹ֮䡣
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ЩȻƺƵŰ£ȴûдɱ˵ϢҲ֪ҵ˻ǷˣɢѲĶ
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ĻڵһߣããһƬܱ
λСԪ̨ɽϵã͸һ˿΢ө
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ŮģӰǣûгɡܵʪ͸ûԶˤŢˮУûС
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ԪؽԷʡʮ׺еΧһзꡣ
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Ϊǣҵģұƭŵģƭңͷ̽䣬ء
㡭ûҵһУһ䣬ѪĸװɻǵһŮڻɽҰ룬ҹҹಡ齣ܾ
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߽ģڰҵļ佥ʱĳĽУһӺݻӰɡ
'أøؼˡ'
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ѲҪĸԸ٣ֻǰһУΡ
갧Хƻ΢Ϩ谵ѹֵưӰбˮϡʣصˣȴ֪
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ԭʲôǵˣ񷨺
ԭǹؼҵһˣ飬͵ָɵ
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⣬绮ҹգˮȾϺâ
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е𡣳ڻƶˣ֪ѱյ㡣
䡪
ƾն
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3 ɽе
䡪
µľɽը
˴Ԫ̨ɽҹֵڵĵˡ
ˣɽ׸ˣ
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ɽŻˣ

Ԫ̨ɽСԪ̨ɽڣңңɽһŵۣѾã壬ûʲô룬ȴһֱơ
Ƕǰһ̾˵ɽˮ㣬һǮމ٣˺ˣʹû͵¼һЩ޼ҿɹĹŮ
һλճµŮ޳俴ʦ̫оԵһʱðҴҸϵСԪ̨ɽ
ƫСԪ̨ɽһ羰ǼãҰɽֱһ徲ζ
ѱյòࡣ
ֻʣ¹ͻͻǽһƬˮݺء껹£һƬĻУðŻỤֱ̃ʡ˺ܿһĴҵһԱյڡһŮ
Ŀϡɱ档

Сɹǿ־Ǻд󵨵͵͵ָ飬쵽
¹ҴҽɫҲ˼֣ʮѿСɹǶϳȥֽԴһҶϣʵڲĿ
ҵһʪܵƲϯ˸ź
ܿ˵ҵ˱ڲͣû˵Բ˯ʸô죿
¹ϾȥΪʲôڲ񷿣ֻȴع¾÷ֲߺʬ壬Ҳϯӹһݲˣ²ɶй¶֣飬ٴӳ顭
СԪ̨ɽʦ̫ѵ飬һҹ֮ɽ´ˡ

ɽ´ǻ̫飬ȴ˵ƽΪ𣬲콵׻ͽ䣬Ȼô𴦲
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¹һҹû˯ãˡκСɹʻ
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ȻһƵ۽ǵһ룬ԭó׵ס
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4 ޹
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ϵҶɨĸɸɾƽ̹ʯףһƬ̦
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Ůüһ˿ȤС롣ûǰһ˿


5 ͤж
Ԫ̨ɽʲôĵط
Ԫ̨۸ʲôڣȴһڴ޵ľŮӣЩ⡣
ŮͲжʮߣ̸ֹ͸һ˿
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ŮӿԪӵλãɵЦһ£¶֮⡣
ܽ
裬ֻܲΪӪ



һһãһһ䶨
ŮȻ֮ˡȴƣдϢ֮
Ԫһ󣬲꣬Ȼпܱ·
ϣ
ɽϷƶӰΡ롣
ʱһһȥϣƽʣӰӻγƺ⡣ҹ٣𣬴˳ơ
Сղ
ŮӷеӣˡȥҲֻǺ塣
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ԪҲӷŻС
ǺѲɾ֣˵ӵһҲͲһڵĽˡɹվտǳ
ŮüᡮһܽҲܻȫ֡
Ԫв⣬ɹϤжˣ
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Ůߵɽͤߣͤķ羰
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6 ݹؼ
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7 
µӽ󶼻йؼҵĹ
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Ԫ̨ۣñˣֻǽҴӻһٺˡ

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8 ¥˵
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9 
˵˵Ĺ¾ȴ޽֡һҴ»طֽ⣬֮ɡ
˿δۡɢȥ˵Ҳһǰ£Ҫ˲㡢óԴСʳζĳ
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10 ؼҲׯ
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12 ֮
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16 ·
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ɷپһ㡣
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Ȼ֮ʲôҲҲ޲ɣΪһԹƽ̨ṩԡסҲͲҪᱻԼ
Խһɢɳɢ硣
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̫ƽʢҲƶա޼ҿɹ񣻸ο̫ƽȴԶԶ㲻ʢʹԣƶƶ࣬ž·жǣʵдա
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輷ȺʱÿǱڵϿڱѪȴһԵС»ͷеԪС㡭ҪСؤ˼ԡ
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ߡ
˭óķࡣҲ˭֪ŪİӣǮ˼ҵѾԵģһʩǡ


ؤηη࿴꣬Ƶķ紵ͻᵹȴʳﱻݳһ˲䡪
һ˶ϣ
зеĵͺΨʳﱻԷߣ
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Ǯ˼ҵС㡭ǲȱǵǮģ


17 ؼҽ
ԪǰһƬؤû˵
Цʱ
˵ĸоȻҲףĪ˲ҿ
Щڨڨס˿ڡ
ֱ֡Ҫ΢΢һЩ
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Щؤַ·𿴵ϣ
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Ϊһ֮ˡǺܻῴɫ¡
ЩؤţλǮС㲻Ѿ¶ͬ鲻̡˵̬ȻУȴƲʲô顣
ûͬ飬һİòӦ
̬УֻҪлõʳ

Ӳݡ
ƣǽܶѡ
Ŀģһʧ޵ķԺ
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磬һˣร
Сؤһ߸˵˵һ߽ӱƵó
ŵľϺ
ԹȥԱߵˮˮϴѪ

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磬˵ҽһรҽΧҪҺöӣ
ʱҪǡУʹʹʹ
Сؤ־˵㣬ʹָûһ߶ţҪǲؤһԶңҾͰѰȫˡϧϧ˵簡Ե㶫ɣȺóˣģһġ
磬ҶԴԽԽรһǮٳһ㣬ͿȥΪͽһҩݣһҵĴ˵Բԣ
԰ʱĹԡ
ʱ˿̵СؤɵüֱһС졣
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Դӻص˿ȷʵиࡣ
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վˡҲԭٹϣеԼһĴԡ
ԪĿĺȷ
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ؤ˼ۡһߥǰͰ͵ĿڣءСĻСׯׯӵׯİ
ԪתԢܺáɽȪ顣
ллС͡
һ˿ͷ
ҲæԼ
ꡣ
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ǿԸΪһЩ飿
е΢΢ԥеæͷӦеһʱò⣬Ŷ˿ͬλشǮ˼ҵС߰߶ţëȴƫƫؤָʲôΣ¡
СҪСʲô
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ò׼Ҫʲô
ǮҲ߸˵Ӧˡ



18 
һա
Ԫ͵һ߰Ϣ
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--
һѿڶ
ȵĶԪˣڽϲʩؤʳǸˣ


19 Ŀ
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سధʱﻹرЦеɫ
ۼҪ䳡ƽΪس˸岻ʵɡԼһ֪⣬˫ͬһġ
ĪЩ죬ҲЩ΢΢ȣɵȰ״һ۶ꡣǱõſ治֪ΪβϲҲء
ͬԸ޺ۣ
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꽫Ԫʫһ΢΢ЦٱʫִһֳȻУҲˡĳڴ˾һΪĲɷǷҲΪŵð
칫ӿˣѰĽ̸ðһ˵
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ݣٽĳǿؽ硣
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20 ¶Լ
رλعﲻ濴ô򵥡Ҫ˵⣬е˵֮濴ô
ӣһ£ǽá
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Ԫ룬뿼Χ
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ԪֵһζʩᣬǽһеȻԪһᣬܸıһС
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׼̧һסֽɣȴ޹ЦʣҪʲô
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ܿͻ֪Լжס
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21 ɽˮ
׸ܴ
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~
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22 Ȼ
Ԫڳһׯӡ
һλƫƧڵƾׯӡɽҲˮҲǺܿѾտ˼֪ôҪʱ붼ûӦˡ
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˵ʹҴҸϡ
һӼҪ˷ǵˤ



23 
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ԪʱС˵һ䣬С㡭С֡
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޻׺ݵĿ̹Ȼȡñ¶һԲ԰ײ̬İӡ

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24 Ż
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ۡ
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Ԫ˼󣬗l֣ʣһƮƮԭλϣָ˳üȾ˼żᴭˡΪУֻϣֹͣ˺Ϊûı֮ǰ߰ɣһᾡȫ£ΪҪһЩ顭
۾ŭȾƾܵƭԪһ仰ͽŭ
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ĬǣڷΧž
Ԫֲһ䣺ģҪɱˡ
΢һ¡ȻԪϿʲôһһֱϵ˶ͬһʱ޷ֱǶ
оֹ˵ĸо̹ϡһ˲ŷϡƫƫвĿģԴҲΡ

ǵͷް

С㡭
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25 ˼ҹ
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Сģǲ⿿᷿ģҲʱѴҲҪǡ
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Ӧǿһ̶ϵĴá֮ƽʱʲô鶼ܵıԼԪҲͽһЩ鶼
Ҳúܺá

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ԪڽǴһСԺ˽ӣһڽϴдŵ
ѧһЩꡢʮԼжʮշԸӳġ
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--ѧũ
ׯĴȥغһũƽոɻڰæͬʱܶ˽һЩص֪ʶ
ȻЩǰкͬһٸ˹ǣͷȻЩؤԸæɻЩƽջһҪܴԪϢȡǮʼøٵȥؤȡϢ
ѧѰԼϢԴһͲСС鱨֡
ڴڼ䡣
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ҰĵĹ֣㹹Լүү壬ؽǴ
ҰıҲǳԣú--

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ЩͿݣһ˲Ŀа
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26 ӳ
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Ĺ˳Ҳ뿪ˡ˿ڹİԶÿһ·Ψֳײ񡯡
СҲڼ˵˳бܵһԡ༸ע⣬Ҳ˺üţѿɫƫƫû
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27 ¸
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29 
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±ؿκηӦֻϵǼ⡭


31 ǰɽ
±ͻظ
СžͿ½ԼȾơ
½һ̧ͷ˾Сֵ㻹ͦһ֣ǳСǷѶ㷼İ
С㰮ĽߣС½ӦŶԡ
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СֻһЦ½ֿд̽ʲôϢ
еУֻ֪Ƿá
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ҪӹСʱ˵ʱΪμͬĸĵܴܵð󱻹˼Ҹϳš
һλ·ʿ󣬴书ѧˣλʿҲûܽ;Ȼ޻ص˼ңʼֶζԸ˼ңλʿΣʱȴæҲܲʲ֮顣
С˼ţдϢ뵽ĳЩܣλʿʲôˣ
Ͳ֪ˡܽ˴ʹЩʶȻһĽʿ½˵
Сɫĵͷ
˷Ǳ濴ô򵥣Сֵѣ硭ó¼С˵벻ջ񡣡
½ֻǱٿЦˣСЩε΢΢ɫڼ˼Ҽλ˵ģ½ҲˣԵͶһЩԴ˽¹磬淨֮ӡ
½ƶԴȴô⣬Ҳҧˣ˭֪ټ֣οⱾǹٸܵ飬ڹٸܣҲˡǰЩ״Ƕ˲óڷߣд״ֽʵ¸ǰɢϿΡ
ֻҪһЩ㹻˳ŵ£
Լһ㹻ܸŵˡ
СҲͷͿȴԣ¡Сзִ硣ѪԵԹ˼³֣ѲвڷҲ塣
˵վȥ
Сǰɽˮһ̽ھߣ֪½ֿҪͬУ
ꡪ
½պȵһھȫǺֱԡۼСˣһСӼֱһһ

һ档
¸ΧȽϽ˶СĽֻү鲻С˼Σ⵱£˭Ҳײǹϡ
Сⱻһǧץʶڰнеģ˻ûҵǰ˸Ӳܴ򵽵Զݾͽ˾֪Ĵ˵ףָԼȱŵ˵Ϊ˴yinнþ²ű
Ȼҹ˳ȥ
Сװ׵Ҳôٵˡ
СС֪˵Щʲô
үһ˼ҴӾŭÿÿȥ˵үסˣ˵ƾʵֻͽЦϡ

ҹ˾
ηƻϨ
谵Ĺܸһ˿ѹֹܡ
Сǽǲݶ˯µİͻȻһ΢ѡ
΢΢۾
Լһ޳ӰŽ
ûûϢĽ
ŵһƺź󡣲ת֪͵һô˰㴭ϢĶ˻谵µĿ⡭
ڴ
ӳ΢ĵƻһ⡣
㡢㡭
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ö롣Ҳ֪ôŵģգ۾ûƤУ
賹ױˣµڽﻰ˵ָ˭һηȥ¶ƽȥ
ȴΪȻ߹ϻһɵľζʲô㡣
˸Ⱦʱӵֽţ˱ǡ
СѾЩɵʶ§˻С
ζˮʼܿƵʡ
ЩŵĶңʵÿĿİͰ͡
öѵݶһǽڣϥϣƫͷüСѾҪҪҡ
æأҪҪζ΢һЩֻûʳèںڵϹнζ
ȳԺܸм
οֶٿڵʱѾ˺ܶ࣬һ˿СŴ
㡢뿪
СѾͷʷϻ
ҲӺʣôֻˣ
Цԣҵ뿪ˣתһ룬СѾͷ㻹ܿ࣬ЩĲ̣ͻˡ
һȴЩ׵Ʈ
˵ǱʾɡȻҲûôƭŲһزʶ˻ôģʵڸ㲻ԷΪʲôҪ
벻׵鰢Ͳȥ룬ֻעµ⣬Ǹ´γȥҲҺòã
Щֱ
ǽҲǺ£Ϊ⽫֮ܡôؽѾңֻ뿪һҲ˲
СѾͷӵСܰ㣬ҪŶһӳȥͻϱٱҹ׷޴Ŀˣ
ʱȻ򣬡ѹ㲻ܣ
ЩЦЦû˵
Щ̫εĳĬáߣֲɵţСҪ͵츮Ҳû͡
Ǵżֺõǰ˴գʣܲܰһæ
һʣ˵ű飬ʵмɢġ
Ҵ仰ȥһ˾ͿˡŴת츮ŷ
ͲᵢСˡ
¶򵥣˵ɣҪ˭

ҹ
ӰӳΡ
ҹɫһƮİɫӰ
Ʈ˳⣬ͣһƫƧׯ
ǽԺϡ
ҹаƮƮ
ҹµӳһԼģ忡ס
á
Щƾɵȴׯӡ뿴ҲûʲôǸСѾͬҲ֪ôλؼС㡣
Ԫ̨ɽ顣
ƵƵλйӴ
ָǵ⡭
λˡ
ڵľٶΣֲ治֪ʲôö˶˸Ҫ޵
ںҲ²š
ŷе֮
΢
΢š
ЩΪ첻
겻쵽ˡֻܿµèͻȻһǱƬҹɫС
ׯһƬƫԺ
Ժǽһż
Ʋ̫ãΧӲѾɾѿļ
ҹ¶ء
׹Ҷ⡣
ડ
ʯϡ
ֱһڵĺɫӰȹҹɫӿǿİص
ҹ
ֳ˫ж̣̽ƿ
ֻһ
ѰŴڰʽʽѰ书̺ɱ˶ɵľѧ
ĳЩʽ
м֮ͬ


32 ҳ
档
lҶƮ䡣
ҹɫаһҶɲʱ֣ڿգ͸ƬҶ˷âֱ
úã
һ̽ԷϸĴ㡣
˲ܣʣ̤ӭ͸ܣ
죬Ӱ첻գۣ
ңӰҵ⽣Ӱ
һĴ̽
һѴɱ
̶Ƭ̡
ѽֲʮΡ
н¥Ȼʤһʽ仯ˡúһڴɲǶϵߣ
뿴
һºġ
߱ᣬ׺ݾҹͻȻܵһִյ漱˲ˣԼڵһ˷顯һˤŲˣ
ף¥Щɺ
սǰȥߵſͣ˼ǲǿȥ
⻹Ƿˡ
ιѣиСѾͷҸһ仰ݸһʱãȥ齻
껰
ɽա
Ҳû
ӣЩ㬣̲ԼﲻԣһѾԻȥˡ

ظ
ҹ
һƬƻͨ
˽Ժź˸ϢҶ෢һ
ҳˡ
ϸʰ˸ɾ
ĸףҵĴûܿáҲһȥġ
ڴǰ¡뽫һֻȥ
Ǻο࣬Ͻɡ
ңţѰ
ܴûֻͷϵĳһ١
˭Ĵ
Թڵϲͣظ𣬡Ĵ
ʱǽһС
ϸһЩ粽ĸţþûлˡ
˱Ļ˵ĽΡֻ޲ԼҲȥˣŮ뾭ѵԵĶڷŭ
תһ뵽ŮǸĸ˾뽫һ١һŹԼǰ޵ޱĹ飬ֲٷ𡭡
Ů˵ҪȥɢĻͬġ
Ҫ
ĸҲд
ûѾͷҵ˼

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ֱŪ
СѾͷžѹһüȾһĨϲɫֱʣ𣿡
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¥ЩӦһЩ̵֡Сš
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СѾͷû˵ׯһġɱ֡
뵽˺꣬ʱ㡢û°ɣǡɱ˰ɣ
˵ء
¥ĺһ䡣
Ӹǽˡ
ɵ΢΢ǰһ㡣뿴ԷǲˣûѪ
ˣ¥ְڰֹ֣迿һ:СѾͷҲǸ˼ҵģôʶˣ
ҼСȵġ
ҲûĻشһԵơ
รС书
ǣҼСಡ书ʱλ
ǸûûεѾͷ
ĻھΣ飬㽫ϸ˵
ССԪ̨ɽ˵֣С
겻ɫţ˼
ʮδйҾٶĹؼСͻȻ
˵ûǲܵġ
ָŻ쳣ٶԪ̨ɽ޵λʵ벻Ŀܡ
ɽˮ룬ɽˮ롣
ޢеɽˮӭһ¹ڻĹӡ
Ҷ
˿䵴ĽŲ٣ɬ̴棬Ƥ𪣬ŮӰһֽɡɡµףЩ棬üĿ㡣
ɽϵɽ˶ɵǰһ
Ӵô˸
ǻСֻûð
СӾǶϲʣλ硭ڵʿ𣿡͵ߣżɽȪԵζ
˴һʱסûŪԷϵϲɫ
Сɡڻ
¶ϵİ
ֻ˫ģıȭһ
Сڴԥ¶ģǧ߳ǸԸԴֽɣΪһԱλʿ٣ٸƶҽᣬΪһ
һλ˵С
̺ŨŨڴģ
ʵ̫ˡ
ϵüɽﶼסˡ
Щ̲סһԶ֯
Сӱȭͷ
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ʮĳϿ档
ȴŴ𸴡
˵ֲЦˡ
ôһͷС
ٺ١С˵ò
ȷʵи·Ӣۺúҽٸƶ
ˡ
Ѵ֮
Ҳδһ˿һ˺ͱɽկ
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կߡ
д֮ڵѲ
ʣ¶կɽկС
һʿı书ǿڴկһЩȺá
կһ輧ɽկеλ
Сܺʱܼ
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һڴźʱ롣
⿴صɽбɵƵСӣʲôŰ㣡ǿڻկӵ;СΪǰæܳɹڶǵĺôϡ
Ǯ˼ҵСү
װ˼Ԫȫָˡ
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ͻȻСӸˡ
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СʹǷƵﴫڴϢ𡭡˯ϲ˿Ҫˣͷ׳ʿһмŨŨľ
ɽɵһҭ
ûҵظ
ʹСŲӶֹ
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ɽΪѾͣ˯ˡȻҲ̲סһ
еˡִһ
ᴫȾ

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Сſ˯ˡǳ΢΢ϸĽëڰͶһƬǳǳӰ
ɽдϢ
ɽ̸˵λϲСʾʱĲЦ
ɽկϼ֬޾Ů
֪һЩѶϢС
ڵĴѽԺг͡ҹӵݻҲõһ̶ϵӣһȥ߳ǲ֤ڣֻҪĵĵȴɡ
Ϊ߳ǡ
ĳλ˼ҵĹ򻭱ӿһ뵱˴һܡҳߵϢѾ߳ǴСˡ

һ档
ɽСӵ֪˶
һ鷿￴ġӡ
ֵ˲ͬ
ùڵЩĻǸ˵ĸо͸Ų¥Щ秵ʿһ͸һɵζ
Ψһйϵģǵ׾ϵ̡
˹໮һ˿˵׺
˲Ƿʵ
ͷҲ̧ķԸ﷭ҳǺºͣʮ׽Ȼִ¶֪λƽʱºͺ͵Ķʵһĺ



33 
ݡ
||
һְֲˡ⡯һ£˯Ҳ˼֣ĵɱ䷢ˡ
һ̧ͷȥ鵽|Ŀԡ
ǣ㿴ˣģϾͻˣ
輱ñֻʮ״Σȴֻ齥ɵһ˰!

ˡ
۰ٿĪ磬ԭؼվ뿪ᷣڡڰδץ֮ǰ뿪ֻܼ֪ϢˣͰ͵Ȼȴٳδ֡
һ档
ҳߡ
ظѾҳһࡣ
̶գһȦƫƫشүضүڸϣ˶ûУֻܲͣĴңֲܴĵҡ֪ܽؼ뾭ѵ顣
ѵĶ
տ޹֮Ϊﳭд𾭣ηӻƽݡչҡ
֪һеĴ˵׻Ǹжġж̲֮סı룬жһ֪öã

ܽˡ
ġ黭ǽ
ʫ黭ŮҵľƯ
ɢȵı衣⣬Χ˿˿ʮ
ϷżµĸСԡʱıˮкáڵڳƯ״
ǲ䷳ĳдžġ
һһдǷƴȱģһһԹ
֪ܵˣɱô׾ͱҵźá
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칫Ⲣȡ¾ͺˡ
λԳصˣ˴ҳǮȥʲô١˵ؤȥˡ
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
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ʧȥټ
СҲʧȥټ
ÿղǮҲʧȥԴ
ѾϡˮҲӦûеõʳؤǸˣҲŶˣƴǰԼ͵òԵˡ
Щ쵽ؤ˵Ҫûˡ
Ҳһߴôܣ
һ̻ϵȥҪһݡ
˭ֻҪԼ
Ķһ
ӦҲһޡ
վӿ˰Ｗ
ʹ²ڶ
˵ҪǳԱģ
ֻгԱ˲ɻǣ
ǡǱ׼
׼ǰźöӣ

ŭã
Ҳã
ƷĹ¯˵ؤо޺ȴиȿֺġ
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˿һŻḯζ
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Сؤո
ѧҽǡ˴ࡢйٸؤաڱһԵ̬ҩʱֵøһ׸ˣǮûеģʳһһ٣Ȼʣ
ܡ
׸˰˶ɨˣ˰ǮȾƻҲˡиĶӡһ쵽۸ѧ
Ҳܡ
ҩϴҽܺá
ΨһһСؤõˡ
ҩÿǰҩ˺ܶࡣֻϴһڳųţСؤһ쵽æֻСݣҩĥҩɹҩʲô¶æҹҡҡλεĻصסŷ絹ͷ˯
ҹˡ
ȴ
Сؤ̰ļ˼˶Ҫ굽绳ڸоԷ§ס󣬲˯ȥ
ѧһ֢ηม
ҶҺܺء

ɽˮ롣
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ʱСӡŶͱǫǰüĿһ˺׾øеЦݡ
۾΢΢ЩĶǫȴֲ˾һƶԴһͯ޼ɰȤζ
ڵĶկ𣿡
ǫЦŷʣôҿ񣿡
ʣ书һܸ߰ɣ΢΢ƫͷ˵ԳɰΣˮɢ١
ƺֻԷҪشһǡšĻش𡣾ͻΪϧһ룡
Ҫʧˣǫ˵վĳһĲɣ䲻͡
ܳΪһկ֮
ǫɵᡰ~һǰСӵ˼ֺøУ˵ڣ
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ǫʣΪΣûǼ¿ԭ򡣵׿һ飬ϾΣԸΪѰ˵ͶĿꣿ
ƺЩ˼ĵͷ˵һ壬ٸƶΪһн𡭡
δĺ˿ɢ忡ϡճһĨŶ
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ΪҲЩˡ
̲סʣģ
С΢΢ת̹϶ǫ̽Ŀ⣬峺Ц϶ͣгһǿҵĹƻ
կáң˵𣿡
ʡ
ֱŶկǫ
ԽһĻ顣
ǫ̲ס˼ֵͬʱవġ
ӷǷ
ϲαȴ˲СƵĸо
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һ£կͬĲ䲻ͣ
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Ӳ˵һ仰
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ֻҪڣկ֤ߣԡ
ǫĿ΢΢ʣҪô֤ҪжԷаϷˣ֮⣬˰ȥ
֮ǰһЩ顣ɽˮһ̴֮УݹؼΪؼָĸ֮һܴٵǵ̴ܾȼƶա
ؼ̣ؼλү걼⣬ÿ¾ɴ˵һΡشĲƷ޳Ун鱦֡
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ȴ
ǫɫĶ꿴á
Ŀ絶档
ƺϿʲô
ŷ֮⡣




34 ҽ

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һµĶ˫С֣ȴԷɫܿˡ
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ǫԭΪش𲻳ġ
Բɵþ˼֡
Ҳ˼֮̽ɫ
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ʼ׼ֲ֮ٹؼ̴һ¡

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ˡ
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дš

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ߵһĿ䵽дֽϣǿ˼ֺ󣬡Ӵڳ棬ɢЩؤ
ҲԼдĶֻʣСиõ飿
Ǿһ𣬿Էֿôֻ֣»ҡ
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Ҳʱǡôǡ
ĿѾɡ
깫ӱضرΪγ鲻һϹرʸ
ر񡭡ɲǸܲصסġֻҪسҳߵ鴫깫ӶУƢٺõˣδҲܲ⣡

⡣
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ͷһĿЩ׵ؤ
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ԸλСѲҲԸλС˰¶Ǯ뿪
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С㣬ǣһԵİɣ
ؤſһ㣬ʱۺס˽Ų˺󣡸ʲôأ
۴磬ǣҲǿġ¶ĵ˵ȻҪʳؤ˵˵ʩᣬһӣǶһҪˡ˵ҲܶΪʲôͲʳأǡ
˵һĹȰ֮󣬹ʩʩȻתȲ뿪ط
ٴȥ
Ҫˣ
С㣬㡭
С㡭
ۿ˵ϸǮСͷҲص뿪ˡ
ؤļ׷ֲңҲ벻ףΪʲô˵ôС㣬ȴʩһڷǣ뵽ǾǮ뿪С㣬Թ޸֪סһҪǵǮ


ĵػصɽׯһ·Сľ±ؤټ
Ҳһ·۽Ҫô졣
СĲˡ
һׯҪȥδӣ
飺ׯ˵һǮ
ׯͬ⣺СĶ
һ䣺ûеʲôȥ
̲ס죺Ǹߵ˻أ
ڳ˵ǣСһٻģҲ˵ˣǸߵĹ˻ڣȥ
һƫԺſʱȻԺǵԣһĨѩӰȻŶñ˿ţôվǣݣȴ֪˭
С㣡


35 ۼ
էԪ
־ϲһʱԱ
ӿԺڡŷߵĺ¹ҲԱߣŽĴǡ
ԪվûлͷҹҶ䣬ɫΪһ⡣
˵ûдʩǮԴ֣֮ͷβҶǮ¡
Խ˲˵
ǮԴһΪ̡
һַƵʣҪôأ

ҹ
ҩϹɵⰵֻơű˴³߿ȵ˲ǣСײſϣ֣Ź˸ȥ
æҹҪȥССĶڽ߹ųȴһ˲䣬Ƶ˻һöԲ¶
ѩ
ҹɫӨӨ⡣
Щ죬תһ־òܣ뷨ֹŴҴ뿪ˡ
ЩĴ硭
ʱϴȥ翴طŷϴҲ͵͵ˡˣûɷӴŵˡ
ʱǿ˴硣ڿ϶ϧҶˣȻӻȥ塭
Сһ·߰ţص棬ȴִ粻ˡ
ڲ
Ҳˮݱߡ
ΧĵûаӰ
ֻвбƻĺۼڴ˷ʲôִһЩѪ
Щ֪ĸСͻȻ뵽ʲôײײҩõķȥ
˻ǿ塭ǴһֱĶ
Сܻҩ¥顯˷šѵ˻û״׸ȴǼҶҪˣ
ӴСлӷˣȻ¥ţţϸƤ⣡
ͻ

Сʳ䣬վƵûþͱڵͷѪʡ
˾ͷֱСؤ
ϴԺֹκǰȴӺݺһƣ
ûվһˤ
ͷײϡҲûʱԺһ̲Ѫ
׸˱ŵ͡ءУƷһ̶
˵ľҲˣ־͸׸һ⣬ӱ죡±ǲǣ
ƽʱ׸˺ˡʱ˿̣ȴòŭŻʹա
С챻˴³ϵ˲šϴҽĺҰһҩشϲˣıϼһҹ鶼ƵСؤϡ
ԭһСؤԸȣûȴ˺֮ġ
׸侲ΪȻǸڳʩˣҪǹٸĬؤЩôһؤأҪٸȥ桢ҪǮУ
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뷨Ҳֹ뷨

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Ϊзֻ߶һ仰СлɱˡСлɱˡ
һ档ݳҲһЩ顣ҩŻ΢ˡ
ЩۼɢȥؤУǸǮСסׯӵλá
Ǹռ˽ӵؤͷЩԸؤıţں󣬴ﶼȥׯϰǵǮ
ֻҪЩǮǾͷˣ
ǵǮҪ

ڵź
ƺƵ
ҹ
һȺؤƺƵŻׯӶȥҪǮģûˮģҲи뿴ֵġ
ԶԶɽׯӡ
Ѿؤʼ̲ס֣
ׯӿ϶Ǯģ
ǵǮôׯס

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ÿ˴һӣȾŭ䱸Ķǡ
ʲô
ؤǰָżҧгݵ˵ðǹȻ˽ǵǮ
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С

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ʼռƻڲ£Щ˶֮顢֮跨˵Ƿ
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ҲһЩվ˵ġĴǷƶ֪жߡ
ԼһЩ͵С̫Ҹġ
Ѿ಻סؤ·ⱻ˵ͬʱ÷ɵɤ³һ仰ǡֻһѡĻᡣ
仰иͼˡ
ʱСҲ˵İɣ
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ǡ
ؤȻǰ֣ĶСģ뷢Ƶľ͸Ӵȥʹͷׯ壡
ζĻ¡
ЩĿȰ಻סؤҲһϣкżĻ
尡--
尡尡--
еûг֡
Ȼֳֹȴɢˡ
ׯսֹе١С˵Ҫܽ
ԱߵɽҲһ䡣˳ֿסһĴؤǲ尡СǷ˽ǮЩ˭ʩʳǣ
λС˵һѺûʩͷ˵ʱűǣ

ׯ治ԶİŽ¡
Ԫվ￴һлҡ峺ﵹӳһƬҹ
ҹȥһ˰ɽλ
Ӱҹûһ£ҹûɽ
Ԫ˵Էһ仰ĽҰ붾࣬βׯҲһ֮ꡭ
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ʡ
ǻһӰɽȥ
л
ɢС
ӰҹԶҹȻˣȴҲֻûֻ뿴Ƿڰ͵
ҹ뿪
ԪӺڰ߳ߵһȺؤǰסԥŻȥġ
ڵһؤʱ
Գһ»¸ˣһֱڰй۲Ļ
С㣡
С㡭
˿Ԫ
ʱ񿴵ĹһΧҹһ϶ӳŻ⣬벻ķΧȾ˼¡
ΪҪôǲ֪
ҪôǸ֪
ЩȰ洳ġҪ㡣
̤̤
ҹͻұ
ԽԽ
ԽԽƵ
ؤ۾·ڿȥ뿴һƬĺӰʲô
Ȼ󣬲֪˭һ
ǹٱ
йٱˣ


36 Ը
йٱˣ
ôѹѹһƬХӭȼգž죬޶˴ĵðһɺ⣡
һΧ
糾档
̼ͽڳΧʵʵ
æԪм䡣
ñܾؤײ
ͬʱŹٷӲǰĿһɨ䣬䵽ΧмԪϡ
ô£
ҹյ˵ؤٰũׯ
ԭЩŵġ
Ͼݳ⣬һǾִ治֮£
ѰżѰ
ŷ־Ȼۼôؤ
Ԫû̻ش
ǿлðׯӡñӰסĲ԰СϣаҹӰǳǳ顣
ׯŻˣ
֪˭һ
̫زɵ˳ԪĿ⿴ȥ˻Ụ̃һ̼֮ŭȾüң
Щؤң
ˣǴȥˣ
ǰָׯɼĻûаشг
Ԫ΢Ĭš̶Ƭ̣оƵǺǵҶ̲סšĸ״
ˣׯҼСµģеģǲ֪˺ʹҹڶ˶ڴ뷭ǡǻŻˣ
µĻ
ԪǸҲ˵ס֪ᷢʲôܷԸˣһѳɶǱȻ
ڼƻ֮
Ԥһ˿ء
֪ݳҩñաһĿڷ֮¡
ǰ֮ؤڡݻעѲˡ

ׯѾˡ
̫麮ҹڵȾ˿˿⣬˵Ȳ֮ͽ׼֮ģΪһ֮˽ݻɱݣڴǴߡɱ
ҹȻһϰգ
ʣ
ৡ
ؤŵùһأĺȻȴֲͣҼС
ʿҲûڵЩֻסׯӵĳܣԴ
ׯڡ
Ũң
ͷȥؤʲôҲûҵͽׯӲ֪Ϊˣ
ǮһŮĲˣ
ȥҪ
ץ
ԣץ
ұ˷Ҳûҵؤۣкݻſʼӿ壡
ӳڻħ
ؤŭ˭ĻҲûӦֿǮͲŮϱᣬҲŵƴ⼷塭
ۿҪſˡ
һƿͣſڵؤȲļȥ뿴Ů
ಣ
ƿ

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ƿؤһͷ̨ס
͸أ׶ĵľʹ
ؤ˿Уȴ־嵽ˣ˫ȴѲʹ
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ǾҲ벻׵һС
ôͻмأ
ôͻôٱأ
ûʲôЩôҪɱء
벻ס
Ҳûлȥˡ
һŹֶ׼˳ؤЩؤֲԾˣּ˻ׯٶȿĶһٶѪ
˻ȥҲûá
ׯѾ죬ӭϮ˷ƣŨۡҲᱻ桭
޺ڶ
̫俴һûа㶯ݡҴƽׯݻǿ죬Ѿֵͬ顣
뵽ʲô
ͷһ۲Զ
վһȺؤмİСƲҿȥˣȥˣ϶仺׵˵ȥ
ͷ
ԲССһѩɫ
ʹ
ԪĿ޺֪Ľ¶õģ޷̹ȻԣûСƻ˳УǻнȻͬ
ң͸ÿ쵶ն顣
֪á
ҲҪ
ҪȨףһͬʵá
ĵʦĽ̵ᶨԼģɶҡ
ֻá
ֻܴʦ

Ⱦ˰Ƭա
ׯѱû˻һƬ
ɱѾˡ
ٱڽʬӡ
̫ԪǰҲţ̧ͷվ
ѩ׶ñһŲ԰ȴƽС㾪ź֮ɫ˵ĸоַ̬Ϊ̡
֮顣
޷ѯʡ
ԪҲһһشˡ
ȻûȫʵҲ㲻
СŮչأأǰѰˣȴѰù·Ů⣬ҵʿ
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飬һΪǮơȷˡֱԡ
һµḷ́رػᴦ׵˿޼죬ҲĹЩ
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ס
ȥҶʸ
Ҳ鴦òˡһ䡮ǰɢȥȻɱۡ뿪ˣ

ĿͽԶȥı
ԪĳֳĬòջĿ⡣
鲻ôãϿֺûκξºе
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ԪߵЩؤǰǣûˣǶɡ
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ЩڵصؤէȻžĿ־ɢһЩ
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·ӹŹһ½½վҲе̱ڵվ
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Žζ
϶ŽٺĽ¡ֿվǰİŮЩججǸм
رǺǼסԪֹסûܳȥˡ
СС㣬Ҫô죿
԰һЩɵʡ˵һʼλСƽ׽ˣڸǾúη塣
е˶Ȼˣׯ´ɨɾ
ԪƮƮһ仰û¡Ѳô˻Ҫס
ûн̫ࡣ
仰Щؤһ̬ȺƵĿ֮ɢȥؤݻţڽͷ˯Ϊ£ΣȴܴӴ˹ϳԵñůӡ
ǣֻһѡĻᡣ
仰
Щؤ
˶ֹסĵ׺ݺһ
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Զ
ֱ罣ĺɫӰںҹ֡
ҹȻ
Ӳҽв³һС
αĺݵˡ
ǰ߽İŮ˸ĳַâ
𣿡
Ԫʡ
ʵʵд𰸡
ԷڰȻǲ뱻˷֡ҹȻûܾԷĴڣԷ棬׾١
ҹһˡ
Ϊ˽Ǹ˸߶ѡ
ҹ䶢˰ΡȷʺתĿ⡣̬װд֡
û



37 ˮҹ

Ԫҹǡ
׼ȥѾͷݸˡ
οСѾ
СѾЩûĴ󰭡ֻǣԭʵЩΣǿ϶˶
Ҳҹλ¶йء

·̯ҡ
ԪʱһɴĵݸҹϡһʵںۣҪȥ׸һˣ׸ܼҳ潫СѾ
֮⡣
кܶҪ
ؼ̴ڽҪӿŲˡ
谵ĵΡ
ʯͶĺɫӰӻζŵĵƻҡҷ΢ǰ·ܿһηǰ򿪵š
С㡭
ۿ˵ԪۡһͿ޳
Ԫɵ÷ʣôˣʱúõġ
豧ԪһֻԱߵηָСÿͿҪҲûҴơ
Ԫ˳ŰĿ⿴ȥֻηһ˾СؤýڻѪ߰f΢ɾĳ||
Ȼ˵òᡣ
ηһ㲻Ѻؤ
ֽɫӦǱ޹ϵǰݻҩϢԪСдŵĲ²⣬ɫļǰȥҸҽΡˣˣ뿪ɡ
ᵭȻһְĵ
ɿĨ˰ᣬתֶ׵ǼηǰС졢СѣҾҪ뿪ˣһҴ㿴ģҲȥ˵ǸλõҲǵλˣܲٸһ飿
СѵĽƤſ۽϶ǸɺԵѪ۵Ķۣڡ
С˿϶˵ģ͸迴ԪǰΡ
ԪӦ
һܼ򵥵飬ᾡܰæܷҵͲö֪

»ص˰׸
ԪҪׯͬѾ飻ռƻ¡
׼׼⣬Ȼ½½뿪ݡ
ڰźһк
ԪҲٴ뿪ݡ
ҹУҹɫг˳ˮ¡ûҹͬ˼ҹλδ¶ؿͣҪȫ֮ˡ
ҹ
ɢ
׺ϲ֪ʱһҶۡϵҰ׵ĹͣͷǳɫɴңɴüƬɢڡɴ¶һƬɫ½ǣƣʮ˿
ݡ
ҹ紵ɴʱ
мƺɫ˿Ļ˿ɢ˵ĺ
ǰŲߡŲ豭ָָڷմҹ¶ôĵƷŲ裬ζ㿴ңԶ񷤰Ӱ
ЩԶ
񷤰ӰããҹĻˮɫС
Ԫ˫ϥһͷɵİϣִŶñ˿ССһŶʮֵİͣѰʮС޶
ɬ
վһԵҹȴһֱڶ϶һ仨
㶢ҿܾˡ
Ԫ䲻˵һ䡣ȴûлͷƶԭӡ
һƬ
ҲԹ˵˵һֱŹҿĻ˼Ҳ˵ġȫԼ⡣
ҹƿĿ⡣
ԶС𣿡Ԫʡ
ҹʶ̧һۡ
С۵ľ룬̫ԶȴҲһ˿ȴֺԲ˵Ĵڡ
˦
俴һԪ
Ų°һʹһ죬΢ɢӣˮϵ˲ҷ
߷Х
ˮɽ
ԪŽż⴦Щˮѷ쿴û˵
ҹȻҲʶˡۿɼѿ˳Ĭ
Ԫˮ𣿡
ҹ
С
ˮ
ˮ񷤽ָٶȡҹɫƬСѾճԣԷֻһͣǲ׷ģ
ûá
ԪȴһοӰӡ
ССһĨӰҹĻˮƣõЩеظںˡ
鷳ˡԪ˵ҹҲƬСۣ׹𲻶ָʼĦϵĵ
ֿһԪ
ڵһ仰
ϴʱһ¡
Ԫ˵һĪĻֽ˵©ˮأ֧Ų˶ãȻˣӴһ̰ɣһŮֲ书ͷҹൣһЩ
Ƶ
˵úһ޷
ҹЩһѾ
Ҳ֪ΪԼŪ񷤣ΪԲѵĻαۡ
Ԫ˵һ䣬
ҹĿҹҰ޵׹⡣
һҲ¡
ʶķӦȴܿ˼룬һ𣬰Խѷٴλһˮ߳С۶ȥ

һҶ˳硣ɴҵһ裬յߣûк£Ŀ͸Ļɴζ㿴ҹˮɫ񷤰ӰײСۡ
顪
һ졣
ζ㲻ǿңȴɹ۾΢΢Ҳ뿪˴ߣȻȴˡ
ǴߵĺԹԾСϣµĶǺᣬûĻζȻǸֲġ
ŰӵŮҡҡλεĴӿվһֻѾʪˮѩȹڣһֻ΢΢վڴͷĺ
谵ʵҹɫ¡
ŮƬѩ׵ɿشָʮƯϸϸ壬顸Բմŵ㾧ӨˮһϺõĽ֬ϸϸĦ||档
ҹ̵ݳ˵ʡ
Ԫû˿ԥġҲûͣץס˵ʣ絽Сϡ
ҵ˱вˮٿһ˸Ʊε
ͬʱǰС۵ԪȻһۿҪˮС
Сġ
ҵƹĿڣżǻڶûһ¡
ԪۿҪˮɲǼڵʵָһʹٶȣ˳ЩǱ̤СۡƬѩȹڶˮУŶϴء
˿˾ս
ҵû̽ʲô಻⣬ֻԽЩȤȻˡ
Сһ˴´࣬ҲпɣһӼ˾Եʮӵˡ
ҹƺΪܻ˽Ӵ̫ԪС۵ͬʱܿӰһӣ̤񷤣˲Ƶ˴յһͷ
ɢķѣкɢˮϳԪŵվҹԭλãŴŶҵˡԼ˰뱭Ĳ衣
ŽɫͼƵɫʪµˮ
šʱСۻζ
Ԫﴹһл¡ײһڳƺԷжݵԥ˼
Ѱķ۹һҹҼɡԷȻݣһϮɴҲʱ࣬㶼ĵġ
ҵ˽뱭ɴºˣЦʣлʲô
ǵ©ˮããˮ޴ͣǸ³ֵɺϼʱԪ˵һ£ŶԷѽ豭ŷµĶҵȾҪ㸹ˡ
Ȼǵлȴָ֮ӡ
ҵȫûЦ죬Ҳܾˡֻһйڡ桯֡
Ԫñ΢΢ۼסԲ԰ײ̬ݡԷο˵Ļĵ׿϶һ¡
α
αװ
Ȼαװµһп϶Ҳαװ


38 
ԪջĿ⡣
, ڴͷ, ˼
ҵɢ˵, ׷Ҳ֪浣ķ, ǲϲǰ߻
Ȼѡ
Ԫȴ֪Լ治СĵȥˡҲǻɢź΢Цƴһ䡮ôôСģ
õġ
˼羵
ȴһӻع㸧ȹ¡С۵ĻѰŮ¡ºڷߺƷ衣
Ҳáҹ˷ƮɽҰ
²ѡŻָ޳, ƤüãѰҷǸ󣬾Ϊλע
δ
غ, Ƿ˳·
輸ϷһɫӡҵֲԼŶҶͣ˶˳·, ֽΣ˵ƺܺЦ⡣
ԪĬһ, ٿ, ֻ鷳½ͣˡ
δ⽫ĳñ顣
Գĳ
Ԫ΢΢һ¡ȻӪ, ֻǲ鷳Ҳ˳˸ƺ
ԭĿǰΪֹڹе鷳ࡣ
̾Ϣ
ġ
ԪѡԽ֮ԡļʣ̸ãԲ֪ôƺ
ĳҹűɡ

̸
Ǳ˴̽Ļ
һӪ鸡۹к󡣸Զ˵, ҲͣƬ̣Ԫ֪ʲô, ˷ʱ, ڵλá
·ﴦһСɹסꡣ뾡ϵ, ֪Σ
Ҹ˦ˡ
ҹţ飬ĳԵӡһƬɢûж档
ɴlһ
ӿ
һű̺Ԫһ䡮ˡܺЦ΢΢
ƻС
ͬʱ˲һ磬ҹĻˮ棬ٶȱ֮ǰҹ֮
Хڶ
Ƶӹεۡ
Ҳֻһ˲Ϊ̼ӭı̺Ԫϵ¸˸ʵʵ
ס˵ͬʱ
Ҳûһ˿谵ĹӰڰĳů㡭
㡣
磡
ûס򼸸硣סڱ̣Ƭ̺ǿӦ˲û֮

˷˶С
ʱ䡣
Զһ˿͸ˮϡһĶɿڣͤӣŵĹ£СͣڰԪű̺̫˳˶ɿڡ
ҹ˹ĸ󣬡СЩ˵ţקصı̺һǼ˵˾䡰ˡ
ȻԽԪǰȥ
Ԫͣ˵˾䡰лı̺һǽŻ谵ƹ⵭һƣȻ̺ı߽Ǵѱ顣
һ
ϸϸĲм
һЩݵλġǸܻԼĶеıʾ⡣ɫ̺˿ȻƣԪԭȷûбǣֻĶдһŽ̺´ϧöԷĨˡ
Сǰ棬͵˴ɡ
С귽ţĳλͬСҹ˵ȴͣ˽ŲΪԪûиת
ԪĶ£ˣͬУҡϢһ˵ᴷȽš
ʵڲףĳҲ㡣ҹžӸ´żζ
Ԫȴף鷳ͬ㣬һ
ĳʶ·»ʧĽҰ⡣
ҿ˵һ·
ĳԲ̫ãʮҲǲס
Ԫѵƫʱ
ҹ²ؼվһԱۿš
ȨϷ
ҹ¶ط΢
ԪھöԷѲֻסС꣬Ҫ˷䣬С׼ˮ˸裬˯һɫȴδʱϢ뿪˿ջ
ϰ䡣
ṦϢײ֡

ճ
ȾѤϼһƬ
ĶɿڲŽһ˿
ҲֱʱԳҹŵ˲ŲسСֱͤߡѲСӰˮ棬ɴµı΢΢
ǡ
ЦһһֻʸУЩζΣ档
һȾָѾɻˡ
΢΢һ̧֡
¶еĽС죬ɬӣ֮򿪺һֻӭչ˳ĺᱡĳϷӨӨ۹⡣
תһȦ
ȶƯᱡС
ҹ䵽һϡһ𣬰ڰϵϿ񷤻ˮ׷ȥ
һܻ϶ɿڴ󺰣ι㡭ҵ
û˵ꡣ
һƱƿշϡ

߳ǡ
һϮ»СӳֽɡǺֱǰס޵Ŀջƹһ£½סҲûˣ¥С׼ˮ
һ˿
ȻѰŵƹֻЩɺһ¥Сӣôȵ컹Լӡ
ˮ
ؽűƵʼtuo·һȥ¶ڿµĹ⻬||ŮӰϸ||ۡʱ˿ȴһ졣
Сϡ䡢϶УʮˣޱȣȥӡĦ||̡
ˮк֢״Ҳûжٻ⡣Щ߷ļˮ糺ˮб۾ɫ쳣ƽԪһϢ
һֺĶء
ȻĥˡԼ˰ʱ㽫֮Ƴڣ»һ뿪˿ջ
á
Ѱ¸̸Χһ¡
ûѻ¸˵꣬ͱȲ¸ǱԺ졭
¸һ塣
мһ¸ǽֿߡһСܳ룬۽СŴ¸˾뿪ˡ
ԭӰ
ˡ


¸Ժɽٻƣͨ˴̨ͤ¥ˮسأ羰ˣһƯݵԺſڽյŴϣֽԼڷﲻϳԷҲϳıŮĵĺȰ
ԺѾӶϳȥˡ
Ҳ¶ô˳ëô塣
ҲΪãչСӲʲôȿźòã
ԵӸͿ㽫ԵķŽȥòá
ҲҲҪǶ߿ǲȥҹ˼ҸҲһǶŮ£


¸˽ʱ
ͷ޲ߵĳֱ񿴵˾ǡæķţԣţ㽫ˣ
˭
ﴫɵʡ
ͦظվŹټӵĳûаոŮģŮ˶ʱһʾϽ֨
龰ֻǰţСɷȿţû˵ָ꣬æԵʵЩΡ
ͬʱ
һӱˡ
±ۿ΢ЩίĶǲҵ£˵겻ɷ˵һѽק˽ȥ



39 ɱ
㡱
±Ͷˡ
ʳûȰ, ̻ʵس
һ߿, ԡ
취
취
԰㲻뷴ڰɣѻҵң
Щ⡣˻, λСԹδģյǻûеȻ, Ӧ
±ŶЩ壬ţǰ, ɶľƹǸѴˡǱˣȻСǿǵ֡Ƥɣ
ô
ǵ޶֤ˡ
ֻӦ½֮֡뵽ЩεʣСǴˣ
⻰ͻˣ˼ҸûԲҵ¼̸
⡭
ʲô⣿ɹ˲еëôôҲҵһ˼ҸǸܺõġ, ҵ˼һһ㻳ɹ˼ҸģԲҹ˼Ҹ統
±˵Բԣʱʱ۾ƣſϻζӰ, ٳû뿪ġǽǵķ
ҵ￴õĺܽ, ҳȥȥҸ˵û, ׼ҳȥﵽˣ¹ҵҪ𡣡һ˵ЩС
΢΢Ĭ
á
м֡
˿ˮ
±Ѿ߸ǰ, ˵ã˵ûȻܴ
ɡں棬Сˡ
ҼСĿ佱¾, Ǳ˻òأСѾһɵ˵˵, ϲСϲ, Сᡣ
ӦһǡȴЩ, 츮ͬ±һ֤Ὣ±ȫȥӦó±Թġ²
Ҳջ
ڶկǿƵķϣ¸ʼ֮ǰ˵Ļԡ
㳲ˮϡ
Χ˹̫֮ó͡
ʯСй±ͷ˼̲סһ⽻ͷֲΪʲôҪɡ֪ΪΣܾøСһ˵Ǽ顣
Сɹ
ѹƤôסȸɡ
Ѿȸʧһܿ첻֪˰Ưֽɡ±šǳǳɫӰ£Цü䣬ʻá
ԴЦЦ̶һЩйص飬±㽫֪ͲƵһȫ˵˳
˼ҸǸܺõˣȻַмڴ˼ҸѪҲǹ˼ȶԲ˼Ҹ硭
±˵Ϣ֪Ϣ޼Ψһ˵һǹһ͵ĽС
պлһ¡
ϲӦ½ʦͬšλ֮ߵĽʿ֮һݵλڽĹҲӴӵһص˼ҡƿع˼ҡ˼
˼Ҳ˵ˣܶ˹˼ƹܵҲ˭Ӧš
½еλʿΣöӦһ¡

¥
ƹļ±ЦĴк±ֱ˶¥ҲֻзӰЦпšȻ±Ҳǻĳˡ
ϵǰ±˵ڴ˴Ʒ衣
һҲˡ
һ˶¥ɴľλͷһż⣬±Լͣš
ֻŵжȴӦ
һѾͽŸƿˡ

һӰЮ
ȷе˵˱ڵˡײȴűƿֱײ±
׼ۼֿ˳±һѡӰХײϻʱҲֹסβȻҪ׹ˣ
½֣
ڿԷЩȵĳ
½һۡѪӿԼ鱾Ͳɫ಻ôÿ
Ҳû˵
±΢΢عɫȾϾȲĿ½ȲżȥǱһ˿ʺί̬ģһվոֵĻ́ҹ̶ˮ΢䣬ֲһЦЦаʱûھȲһѪۡ
ˡ˼Ҹ硭
ţ
ż˵ı
±һѪҲˡ
ҡ㡭
ǰǰЩﲻԶļϡҿһ˼ҸΪʲôǹ˼Ҹ硭
Ѿ֪Լ˵ʲôˡ
˵ʱ޾ˣռ˱ûõӦĻرλӵԶ˵
Ȼ˼ȾĶһ˿ϷʣСϴˡ
ɡǾǹ˼Ҹ
ɫ״һģһԲϴġ
ǵϷЦԽҲͣΪ˲أ
˵ͬʱ˳±°ʹһ˿аʢ˵ơ
Ů|ӯӯˮѾеһξ
ﴽδͻȻһˡֻ΢ϸ쳣ĴлûӦͱſٶվǰ
Ĵ𰸡ֻй֪ˡ
ºʮ־׺ڴʱ˿̵龰ﾳ˵ȴôһ˿΢㳶һζ
ֱʱ
Ŀ䵽ϡһʼûСӷϣСһֱվڱϲԭҲһֱСӵᣬڼȻǰ¡͹ֲĺˣ
˼ת䣬ɱ
һķŰܣЩ˵ϲŭ޳ɱģ
½ĨǵѪ齣ǰѶɹһ߲µ֪ԷûӶŭ࣡Ѷ֣Ҳٹ˼ɽ˺
ЦȻһƴ
һƿúԤ׿˲ӦƷ飡
Ѱ֮ؽعѶ
½ʱɫһ䣬ὣӭϣȴЩֻʵ̫ˣһƿѸȫûа䵽֮ǰ£
һΪʶһ
̬ʵջ֣
Ʒɢǰ鷢Բ԰׵ɫδ䣬ƽ糣оδֵͫеӳԷϷڿһֻαĶ⡪
½һ֮ң
ѻƺԥ򿪣
мֶԳ£һϮҷdı˷ںڷ˿ڿգҲǿҵ¶ѣ
ǵʯһ˲䡪
Ѿ䵽ϵĹֻоһһ裡죬һţеԵαݣĶ΢΢һЩ
²һʱ䡣
Ҳ
⽣Ӱ
˲Ϣɲǡ
ڹûǹǷ½Ϊʱѱ½һƴ򿪣ˤһԵϡ˳
ɫʱƸϻٺľšһͷīȾĺ˿״̬ɢ΢΢ڲ԰ϣң



40 æ
ݽ֡
Σպֹ
һɵҲûŲڶ, ֻ˼ضű±Ӱס˵ζŷǹ
㡢û°ɣ
𿴼Ѫġˡ½ûôϵĳ±Щ
, ½ִһ, ǻŭʹΥʦΪ𣿹Ҹһλ, ѶǰҿԼ̣
е֡
ĿڴƿȾϼĿ½Ҳһλ, ȥؼִ, ܻΨһֵ
½ÿҪγˮսս书ȷʵ, Ҿ㣡Żһ, Խ, һ˪ιķ䣡
轵¶, ƵķΧǽף
ʶпȻһ֪ǶҲڴ˿ã
ϷʸӸһƬвͰӿ
Ըһԣ
ʱһγֹվ, ڷƮ, ԰, ɢһʡ
ƫ, ȴֲ԰Ů
ۣαһҪд˼ˣú̸̸
½һۣ޹أ뿪ɡ
±̫Ե׻Щ𣬳˳䣬ιιιϽɱɱʺ㣬ñɨ̨β
ûԷ
ʣ˵йϵأ
±״ִѾȳȥٹ
ȻȴҲΪɱˣ֪ۣɲ뱻ò绨Ư
üȾϺ壬ڰŶŵһ˵΢΢ƯϣһĨ޶ɭЦݡ
ºɫ׺ġ
ǶǵĻ˲
ʲô˼
½̲סüʡ
ȴǾ仰Ϣ
Ŀ⡣
˲䡣
ҹµẮâʱữΣĵ׷ë
ֻоΣ
ߣŴĽУСһλѣԵʻᣬҲ֪һЩ飬ѵ飬ȻС顭
һַƵĴݲȡ
½Щû̫ס
ֲ뿪ʣϾôʳ̫ˡ
Ƭ̺󣬾ֱǰ˹ʣλѽʲô˵ʱӰĿ⣬ڰеĶҰްɱ
ġ
˵תλἰ֣㶷²⣬Ǳͬʦ֡
λСȻСǶۡ
½ʱЩ⣺ʶСʦã
¶޺Цݣû˵Ĭ⡣
Ϊβ˵
½ɫʱЩ̫õʡ
Сһʼ֪½ݣҪ˵룿ԴΡ
½һʱҲ˵
سԽ˽ò٣Ѱ˿û¡
ʮϵǫˡ
ԣΪѲ⣻ûаҪ佱˼
Сѧ˵;УżȻһЩ̸ѡ
ʲôСʦʶ
䷢˵Сʦáʱһ˿
ǳҲܵȴֲɺԡ
仰ƺ
Сһֻ֣һ޸֮Сˣûʲôйһ֮Ե˶ѡȿȣ˵껹ӦĿ˼
½û˵
ǲ޸֮ԲǸѰĶˣԹȻ˵ʲô
ԲشĹ΢΢˵һ䣬ʱ׷ɱСһѣѡ
˵ۼת˻⣬ʶҪ
һ䡮Ҫ򣿡
ԭһձš
½鵽һûҪʲô㽫˵һ飬ȻԭǾСб½ͽ޹صһ֣
˽
дµס
ԾãȻᣬδҳΪ֮һ
Ҫһִ֣֮û޷Ϊ֮
˹ΪβԸ
;ùĿವĵһ
ֶҲ͸ͬҺҪΧܻ
ûõش
С˼£˹Ϊβȥִ֣
½ȴϲ⣬ѱʦɽûʸٻȥϹϷʵĿЩֱӡ
˼ţʹ֮Ů˵ʺϼ̳еѡ˹ΪβϽ
ǵһ⡣
ֻһʷ
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ڵβȴǸǣţƺֻҪ½Ӧһ֣޻أ
½վɫҹֱ䣬û֨ɣòʧҪõԻİ취
Բ
½ΪΣ
½ǲ˵ãҲԸ˵ãֻʦףԷڣݰ̨Ҳû˵ʲôȻǰЩ黹
΢΢˹ӦԳУ΢½֤֤
Ȼ
ˣ
½һ仰ŭ뿪ˡ
׷ȥ˵仰󣬱뿪ȴ˽Ų
ӰһξǰԵºαߵô
²̾Ϲһ˿ЦƵ󣬡˵Ҳʲôĳæĵط
ǱڰĶɭɭĶšԵֲ̧˲ǰ亹¶ѣͷ˹ӡǿԼ£ĵȴƽҹ̶һƬûз
亹ġ
Ӳ½һơ
Ϊ˽̫ءʹ֮˶ǲСĳ
סİ𪲱Сʦõѣǹĳѣ£ĳ͡
һ첢תϿңл˹ӣĲˡ
һֱĳ±̧
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ɨ
Ȼķ˿
š顱һع˷ţ
㱻ҵӵĳ±ίŰ˼Ҹ磡
ţֻǶǰϾһƬаĳ㵱ѣȴùĳˣѹ
᲻ơ
ƽѹ֡
˺޸˵ûаѰ
ֻһˣƲΡЩ΢գáúã𼤶СҪ˹ӰæǡС²ǡһСС鷳ͷۣ˹˵˹Сʧˡ
Сھ󲻾þͱһ˲ϣ书ǿװʱûػѰ߳ǡ
ҹһš


41 黳
ݳ⡣
ķ˽οʼѧǸ, ѧҲЩСؤֻ˸ɾص·, ס˽, ΪøɸɾġһЩСٲҲûٶ˵
ſڲоۼؤ, һƺ糣
Իѧʱϰ֮࡭
۵ʶص˽
͸ҶԼɼҡͷԵĺӡв֪˼ˣ»ΪһС˽ӡ
վ, ۿỨתׯ״԰ο֪Լӵһϵͻ
ҡû¡
ֲܿ˲۽ǿջЦ׷, ֻڵ¾ܵĲȲӦΪСȰĻǰ㲻ɵģﻹǺѹͻ, ԭޱһԼ
һǮ
ʱأ
С, ǽҪʲôʡС㽻ʱ, û˵Ҫʲô
, Сһţкö飬Ҳ֪ڸʲôҪҴȥСҽΣС컹ҪĴ, С˵СпԿ״ʦΪ绤, СҪҽ츮ӵҲڡСҲû˵Ҫô죿ҪȰ츮ӣСþ˽ׯӷһ, ˳ڼܴĵҤȵȡ
ѯʣСȥ츮, ٴС飿
ׯҲҸһȥһ㡭
ͬ·
һκ̫ܿظҪǰųʾŷʱͼ̫ظ治߳һˡ
һ»ĹӣͷڣңһѶƽſš
үߡ
ŷæЦͣӿôһСأġûֱͳһĨʵСӰ
㡪
ŷŵ̧ͷһ
վ̨³СѾͷ˭ҳ˹үȥ·Ĳ۵Ѿͷ
֮¡
ȥ·ĹرԵ򶨵Ķˡ΢΢̧Ľŷ˻ȥϾش˰죬һãȻСѾͷ㰡
ҧһԲۿԽԽ졣ȫƾŶһȣסԷȴֲ֪ʲôۿ
رҪޣ裬һˣȻǰţ㻹ǲǣ
˭ϡǮ
豻ӦòᣬƫƫίֱﲻֿԱͷԵŷԥҪҪԣԼ£Ĩ˰ᣬȡݸŷС磬㡢ܲܰͨһ£ҡҵĹӡ
ŷʱһ£漴뵽ԼҹǰķԸȥ
ر񿴵Щ棬ɵʣдʲô
ûش𣬾ؿһۣűڻԽ
ŷֻЦԭɡ
ر꽫һϣ£㲻ˣŽŸһת˰
ٴƽտĵط
ô
꿴ȥĹر⡣žͿںСѾͷɵͣ˻ͷ
˵⽫Ž
üͷ΢ŽӹſһݣƽÿԵϲŭ"С㽻ҵģ"ѯʵºͽˡ
ͷ˵ǣֲһ䣺ҼСģɡǡ˰Ҳûֵرͷȥں֪оԷݲһ㻹ϵ󣬾ֻСٵ
СΪβԼʣֽŷŻϣرת²
˹رһۣҼСæԼСҪʲôһ֪ҲȤֻҪԼ鷳ͺáŹر칫ӹϵôãԽЩ
·æ
֪شúܸɴ࣬û˿ԥͣ١
üСںδ
֪
ԱߵĹرҲһ֪üëϸߣСʲôʱ֪˰ɣǿߵļʮӣ۵Ҫ
裺ֻ֪ŵģôϴԼСϢ
رһҭСѾͷ˰죬ȷ治֪СУ֪ʲô˵һŶȣֺеĶһ㣬ƫһƤÿΡµҲ˾÷С
迴һۣĵҡҲ̰Сˡ
ر񣺡
Է˵󣬽ŵЩؤ|ңΪңǹҡҼС޹ء
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ЩɣǮҲͦС
رҪ˵Ǻ䣻ֻҪǰ䡣
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û˵ꡣ
ΪرѾʼ۾
ҲҲѾæٸ顭
궢ģ̣һʶǰԼһ裬ˣҲɽƵӣЩؤҲּǳ䶨
رס죬۾վ˫ֳأǰ㣬ż־Ӹ¶꣺ѣֵܣһевУˣȻһȥ·˵˶ûжģ
Ҳ븮
Ͳ벮˵˵飿
ϣվĹرļ򣺡ֵܣҵɾȫˣĳ
رˡ
ҪǱ˻ɣϵ˰ɣվﲻ˵͸ϵƵġ
һ֡
ס
ر˵ˡ꿴ֵۣѰҪȥء
仰ر
̧վҪߡ
бһȥȥ˳Ұİˣˣ˭֪Ӿ㡭
֮ʡ
뵽ʲôĻͷһ䡣
Ǹý㲻ϲ㵽ҳߣ㵱ûа黳
سҳߵϢǰûš
鲻ãǿ󣿶˵Ȣ˭һֻҪǸĸ֮ý֮ԣֻҪ˫Ըǿ˭ͿˡİܵĸǾ仰ã
һҲ黳ԵԣǺ϶֮ãԼ̺Ҳ
ྴ
ɡ


42 㡼
һҶ˳ˮ¡
Ӱڴͷ, ǳɫɴ, ӭ, ƮɡѾûֻ·СĲɫӰΪû׷ٶԶʧȥ·ζ, ȴ϶㾶ֱ¡
ɽˮ롣
һͱկɽڵסկס
˵ȼկ
ȴɽ˻կȥˣ鵽ʲôկҲһ
ɽկڲ
ݺύ̨뻤Χդ뷿ݡסһԺ, ŽʵԶ˲·, ʱЩ۵|ƫһѿЩµĻɡʵǡ
ô·ɽĿⶼЩζСŻǸϵȻɫǶ̲סЩ, ϧͷе˹ûˡ
Ͻ߰, һϢʱ򡭡
ԺӽľӰ
мԼӰζǽϡ
Ǽµվ, ñȽϿκÿ, ҲЩüױĺۼǹűĿСӣ˼Ĳ֪Щʲô
Ϊ꿴ʵ̫ҫˡ
ŻƮݡ
ʳȻ
һۿȥӡͷĸɾ
ƤסҲÿ̲סĽ˵
Ҳ·˿ҵ׼òϲһʱ䡭
֮ԱǵĶԣߣ, ܿ͸һˣ԰ɣ񡭡
һ, СѾͽݡ·ɽҲŲſں, 鲻Ʋмһת뿪

ʮм
Ҹ̬
Ѱд˲Ⱥûһ
կ, оȫΣƽնſСɾԼĸŹ
һ
ѵȵЩͷʱǰһվͳȥ뽫
ٺ٣Сֵܣһķѹˣ
⣬ƫϺɫЦݣʵġһ˿ɫԡ
ɫ֣ܿЦկ˵Цˣկһկ֮˭һ仰顣
ö
ǰüĿĿOЩԳȴ˵ţҪ̫࣬ڣ
Ǵ̵
ЩͰҲĺͰףŸԶġ
вϲ׾ȴ¶֣ҲһɫĻܿȻǰҲҪȲĲһֻۣǸյɡһ
կزˡ
Բ
ѡ
ʱס˺һסͬ˼شϢһ֮࣬ŭȾüңû׻ɻֲز֣𣿡
ôһһէ
ɫ΢ǿûһƣЦеݸ˵˵ˣҿɱסСһˣȺȿھƣ˵
ֻҪһ¶ǡ
жԳֶ鲻Խ**ˡ
лկǺ˵˵;һЩϢдһʡ
˵ѽӹ˾Ʊ˵Ҳ죬һѵĲûܵóѣҲЩʣʲôϢ
կɽأڲһЩۣԭ˵Ҫײ뿪Ĵկȴ֪ΪͻȻסˣҪ뿪ɣȴ빫ͤˣ֡
ɵһû뵽˵һŽɼ䣬կزˣٹؼ̴һ£˭ǰִ棿ָ˭ɽկ
˵Ļ
аʾɿԵۡ
òʶ˳˼·˼կһ˵ǴկɱһҲ⣬ôկòһ룬ѰˣͽǸҪġ
йͤ롣
һ֤ȷ䣬˵ˣǵǰϹҲŹկ
կزˡ
ǫαӿ϶ǰӣ
Уúú취

ԺѾ˽Ӱض㵽˼ɽ棬ŲԶſŷ͵ɽЦһ
ýȥ˰ɣ
㡼˵Ҫͷ˾ȳջ񵽶Էĸм

˵š
ŵ洫ˤһƾʧķŭʣ㡢Ҫʲô
űһαƷ
ѾվǻûɽλɶôأҪկ֪Ǹǽǣ׼ǵƤɣ
ʲôأÿ
ǡ
ǽǷ㡼˵ģ
Ѿ
̬Ҳʮŵͦײϻ||ޣɽɫ΢䡢ʲôܿ
һѾȥţկҼҷūˡ
û˵
žͱˡ
һӰȲͬʱ߳ŭס
ɽʶȥ
ӰȴһƮһָƮоס˵ģȴ֪ôʹǰһˡ
Ŷܿ裬ˮѸ֮Уû¶κԵ֮
ǰȥץˡ
ͱѾһһҵסȥ·
ʱҲˡ
ܵŭŶ㵽Ѿɫˮû̫ľ뺦£ʶϸ򵥵ˣ
ҲΪˣŸշ¡
ʱѾûǰݳһ⡣
ǴկţҼҷկڣزūկĿ
ĿϡûαĺͰЦݣ˵׺ݲƾ¶쾡
ѾĻ쳣̶
ʲôжկھ͸鶼԰ɣãããҪϴزˣͰǼ϶һͬ»Ȫһկ֮
뵽˴
ɫһݻްӹţûд򿪿ĿĿȥ
һѾżɽҼҷ룬пշ񣿡
˽Χ
Ȼܾ˻ֿһ۲ƾδظѾ뿪ˡ

ɽƣС·̨׹ۡɽˮɵһƬˮͤӡܹͤɫɴɫ̰Ʈš
ͤͣ˽ŲѾģʰЦһ¾䡱ѽ㣡Թ˽ȥˡ
ͤһƬë̺
л㰸齣ŮϣᱡѪ۽ǣ|ĵϣת۲Ʈɴ°Ц֡
ֻ΢΢һ۱ƿĿ⡣
㡼
կĳ輧
ƱеĸΪܳ衢߸˵ǷλأӽѾܽӲд߿ó
ֻǲ֪Ŀʲô
СɾΪβ̧ūңͤ㡼һڣѰ˰|ֲסĽġ
"ҡ"
ΪΣūĿ"
ǣӶѡЩȵĻش𣬴üͤ΢΢һ񣬡л˳ȣȻ
ﻹǱֽɡƿЩСģƺɡһ㡣
㡼ͤ˿Ƭ̡
ƾȤЦ
ĸо


43 
Ѿȥ
ֻͤʣ¾ĬԵˡ
ŮڹǵЦ, ʣСɾ, ΪҪڣ
һ, ٸƶΪ, ׳һౡش̬ȻԴѲ⡣
ͤŮЦʣڣԤڵǰãһ˿̽ζ
΢΢ſֽɡ, ˮرϣӳˮеӰ£ˮƬ, Ƶڣȷʵڡ
ǺǡͤһЦСɾкδ㣿
ڴ˼, ֻҿεĻش𡣲˵, ΢΢һ䣺Һжկڡ
Сɾģ
Ʋ, , Ϊλдʣ
滰¡
㡼ûлشٻӰη۱ɴͤ߳, ̬ɢ, ȴ͸һ˿ׯ̬, ҡҷ˵Ƶ
ս, ҪȥִеɡָͿźɫޢʮƯ
Сɾ治Ͽһۣ
˳֣ɡԷеͬʱ˳ɡµķΧˮȻ̧ɡˡ
峺ӡ
ôŶԷ
㡼Щ̫ˣǰ峺£ӳһƬۻహ֮
װʲôҲûվƣ΢΢תСɾ֪ۣȾܶסƷʣڳһټ򵥲ʵ
಻Ⱦǲ֮أϲα
㡼ѹ˵ǡʼеϲСɾˣƮ̬ȣö
ɽŲ˼ЩŵҲλկд⣬Ǳ˵
ǺǡǵȷдͼٳδСɾͼʲôأٸƶĸ֣УĴɱӣƽ֮ƣ
΢΢Ĭ
Է˵ˣΪףбĿġ
λ㡼ѰŮӡ
Ͷһִҹеʡ
ˣǶһ˿̬ڴ˼䣬ӦҲһŮǧݡ
СɾΪβ˵
㡼бǲӶĽǶȿη۱ɴµļǱɴ͸ܿЩ̺ӡǡ
Ʊˡ
ֻ룬ΪηҪ˵Щ
˽ۣ
ԡ
㡼бֻԼ˵ˣģɵĲϱ̬ʵǡ۲ת䣬ʣ֪կΪγٳδ飿
תŵֽɡͶӰٻӰڳϣƻˡ
֪
ƮƮһ仰
㡼Ҫ˵Ļˡ
ֽ˵һ֪կҲزˡʱֻʣλկλֻһ֪˭
ǫ
΢΢ͷ
㡼Ƹ˻ɡƵСɾݲµѡ𣿡
˭ʣ˼
㡼ƾ͵һʡ΢ҲЩ仯Ľɡӵͬʱ̨ϣɴ䣬˵Ҳ˵
ҡ
̬

һɺȻ

߳ǡ
λڳǱĹ˸
̸ۡƶһЩ£ػɭϣ˲֮
ԭָϡ
Ҳһ岮֮˱
Щ
ĹЩ谵Ӱﲻ֪ʱһӰ
湫ӣĿǰΪֹ߳һδԳҹŻ˳֡
鱾䣬Ը}ˣĽ⣻δܴӳ±ʳҲ鲻õԭ֮һ
±йصϢý֧֧᲻ʵ֮΢ա
ǸоԽԽ䲻ơ
ֻӲͷƤֲһ䣺ǰǮׯ˼ҹ˳˳ǡʵҲ㲻ʲôõϢϾûץҲֻ˵һˡ

ٿߺֱڰеӰ
ƺһ
谵жʱȾϵѪζ
Ŀ纮µ˪裬źڰʹӰнһ˿ɱĴܣ鶼첻ãҪǺã
Ҷԣ¡ʵһɵû˵Ҳ̫˵Ϊͬû֤ʵ
Էһ
ǲܼĴڡ
ۡαװȺУӰ밵ҹϢԲ


ɽˮɽˮɫӳб£ûһƬɵѤɫѤУһԶ
ݳ֮ˡ
ͷɴƮ
Ӱߴ޳һϮϹ
*
һ档
ı̴һµǫʮˣɽˮһ۲ˮΣۡƶࣻһǫڳҲӽ̴һµǺܻز
ˡ
ǻصɽկѽʱ֣ʱŴɽկɽе֪һ顪
ǡկλˡ
Ҵǰķͷɽ˵ġ
ʲôˣ
ǰСආӴʡЩ׺ݣͭɤӣСආŵòᣬӻתҪȲָ
磬λԳ磬ģǮ
ǫĿ֮䵽ϣѯʣһ˿Ž̸Ц⡣
ںɵ˾䣺磿ö˶˵ðһһϲı
ĺɫ¡
ֽɡͶ¸ǳǳӰ˹΢΢ü׾ټ¶ֲϲš
ǧ˼

͸һɭϴϡ
һɫӰϡм䡢۵Ĵկ֮λԱ߷ȡɴң°ۣͣɢ⣬΢бſ̵ŻƤλϣӸ°㿴һӿɽȺ
۴䣬΢
΢ⰵӰУĿӵһ˲䣬Ⱥе֪Է˭ˡ
ҹš
ڴϵˡ
ʱγѵķӦҵĹǫĽ£µؿ޺
СĸСĸ
´С
ȴȫûʶʲôʱȥģ
߿ͷֹǱߣڴλϵһ޹صɢȻģ⡣
òƽͨƤףٲԲ¶ģ뿡մϱߣȲһš
һӿˡ
ҲûʲôرӦôǣĿⶼڸ裬ֻЦЦ䵽һϡ

ӡ
˵Σһƣš
£ı֣أеλ
вһ

ǫڳ
ըˣһţ𣬡Ŀ¶׹⣬ŭɶԲ˰ӾҪȥ
կ
ɡʱһһԡ˵䣬Ƶǰ
л˵
ܻ~ݶ9Ҹ˳׷Сʹ˵лл~


44 Դʽ
׻Լ, ܵӰ, ȱ, ƽ⸱ӡλկƽϡ
˵, ȻӦתλϵȥ
Ļ΢Ʋ, һ˿ײΣգôü߽ǰꡣ
ĿȻºȴһεѹ
ɫ졢ѹȴЩͬʱͷϢ
Գơ¡
ʾ֪ϸ
߳ǵĶѱաٵѳɰѱݶ׫ġ֡ϵ, ҲϣҲϣĿŵİʾв
ý˿̱鷳

, һ顣
ô졣
ˮ·غӵ, ߳ҲҪա
, ʾδ߳ǡ
пɿϢԴ
пʱ
Ϣƴ顣в²ⷽ, ̫٣޷ȷԷͼݡ
Щʱ
߽мλǰͣڶԷζעµ
˸е
ǡôȻС
ȴҲûһ¡ֻͲŲĺ, ͸š衯֣
ɢ
һ˿Ц⿴, ЦԽԽ, ҲԽԽΣѲ⡣
ֻü, ˵ڣǸϣ㲻
ܱԷעӿĵ΢΢ë糣紺
ǡ
ЦһֵͳʸСŴλڵվ̧̧䡭ټ򵥲Ķ˵Ŀ
ü
Ҫڡ
ؿڣ֪Ϊζ
˵ƲٿתȥҲȥԸһҵ鸮
ǰļ򣬡ģȰ㣬㣬ʲôΪֶֻţţ˿ͷĥԣͻˡ񳤱׻׻̵Сһ㡣
ɤԵͳ
һĹƻ
ϵ᲻ȴ˲΢΢񾭣ܵķӦ
߶԰Σյ￿ľ
ǲϲܴĿ뷴СֻƵ¶˳ű͸İƬɫڱǼ⡭
âմë΢
û˵תƲãҲ㣬ˡǵ˽̸λկϴɣתĶöԷɿֵͬʱۼ֮˾롣
ֵ
ڲòϷ£νġֵܡϵһ£ɲڽʲôֵϷ롣
´Ҳ֪ûҡ˼£ͷϵΪԼַˣ
׼֮׼
ȫûܶ㿪
ʱ˸ͷ΢ա
硪
ûס˸硣
֮ǵǸԱм޿κεΪΣǫտûзѡ⻺һ֮ǰĹϵ˳ˮҹ˴¡
תס·ϡ
ǿһ·Сһֱſڱѹ硣
Ҳ֪Ϳ˴ʲô
ַ뽫˦ȥ
ƹľʯǽȷΧ˿ٿϮĿֱ˰뿿ϵ£
ᱩ¶
ڴǰҲûҪˡ
Ц䣬ԤϵױܿˡҲ˳ֽɴҴϣķ羢һɴƮҹɫеɣ˵Ʈݶ
ζ̫Ũˡ
ȻһԲ֣ȴɫ෴һҵȻ͡ýмô¡
ǧΪûаϲãһҲԸ𣿡
µЦƮо⣬м˵ƻ
һۣһƺѣα̫桭ġУǰУͶ価Ȼ̬

ɫ䣬ȴ˼αװ̫áˣ
ǵĹϵҲˡ
ϡ
һ˿вҲǱҪԺһƺûʲôвڣ˼Ѳ⣬֮
ñϿɵݡ
̸䣬ӰС
ҹɫīȾӰ续СӰһǰһУһ£һ˫ȱīĸأ˵Ŀ
ǽ̸ķΧ
˰Ȼ
ڷˣʦѧյˣԵ֡
ҲǴ󡣡
ָڷ֯
Ҳû˵
Ϊּһ²ɡ
˵
߳Ǹʹݣݸ׹ؼ̴֣˵ûʲôľӣȴҪĹؼ

߳Ǹָ̫ļɳʹֳ
ɫپ֣Ҳñ˵ƣ֮ܣ˵սľ
˵žġ
ɫ糣Ȼ˿ʵŵֶ֮Ŀ̸μ²⣿
ЦӦκι̣һ
֪ɽˮһЩɽţ֪ΣΪΪ
Է³Ŀʲô
ֻҪӸ档
ͲӰĲ֡
ĵǻᱻԷϵĶߡòԱ仯αװԱΣΨβ׸ı䡭
·
˱ɲС
ЦЦֲÿɷͨв뱻Ŀ꣬һĿڸǡ
һŵǹζ硣
סˡ
ҲǱֽøˡ
ɴţ΢ıһ䣺Ҽˡ
ͳö
Ų΢΢һ٣̶ŵ֣кι
΢οɻĺȾϼַâζ
ֶˡ
ŶԷѲˣ˵Ҫʮ־
ʱ
¾ô̧һ
ͽҪתǵʯǽ
תǴЩխһЩĻǿǽߣֲˣֻͣԭؿԷ
⣿
±սһЩﺬЦΪ룬ҪñԸ̹
Ǽ⡣
ʱס˿ڱǡ
Ʈɴ£µһ˿ѡ

ҹɫ¡
ĿƬ̡
΢΢һüͷţ̬һ˿ı仯ƺȥƽαװһ㡣
˵ûһѲ
һ֡
տӦ¡
̽㶢۾
򵭵ǰֱۣԷƵʵ
һˣջֵһƴˡƮ䣬õЦ
һۡ
ԻӦתǽǰߡ
֮Ѳ
Ԥڡ
ڵ
ʵѱ档
Խǽ̸ԽǽΨ¶
ļ߶ԡ

ֻްǿıֽ棡
֮䡣
Ĵɡ
˭ʳ㾿˭ĿʲôĻ
Ϊ˭ʳڣ˭ˣ


45 סڸ
˵ݡ
ҲйһЩ²⡣, ڵһʱע˲, ܵķ
һҹȪ֮ˡ
λ޵Ĺˡ
Ƕ̫ˡ
޷ƲԷ, Ƕ̸ĹУԡֱסʱ, ΢΢һ
Լ޴󰭣Ա㡭
û㽫˴Լס
ȴδžֱԽǰȥɴϸ
ۼᳵ·ԼԺȥ
ֻøȥЩõĲ²⣬ֲõĲ²⣬ڿԷƿڵķŶ󡭡
ɶ֡
ԭӵķ, 費֪ʱѻȻһ¡۵Ī|ɫ̺ӣ̴ľϷһ׾µɰߣͷһ޹
̱Ҳˡ
֮˲õĶ֮ⶼˡ
ȡ¶һ, ЦʣܾΣ׵ϵĶɴƮ
ɫɴƮβЦˡ
Ҳ֪ⷿΣ
ʴ˾Σ
վſڱ鵭Ƭ̣˵ҪתԼķ䡣ûȥ˼һô鷳
˵ɽկһȪů
ѾԤϵһʲôˡ
ΪΪǧ, ܾͶ֮, øݸȪ, ɢһ½, šҪͷܴ·ˡ
֪ʲôȪҲ顣
Ҫñʧˣв֪ɽȪĪԱ֮, ҪҵԵط, ط¡
˵㲻||, , ţԾЩ̤ʵסôһϴ||趼ˣ

߳ǡ
ҹɫµĹ˸䱸ɭϣѲУһӰϢǱֱԺȥ
ʱĹڸϡסҲ;ĵûʲôˣֻʱǰˮѾһѾյĵоѹѹõƻ
ŷͭӡ
Ѿһ
ôˣ
衭豻ˡӻ𣿡
ܰɣ
С̸š
ܿʹҴ뿪˷䡣
ǴƢҲǺܺãƽղϲڸǰΡ
ɱײš
ùͷ

Ѿ뿪
ӰŴӰݣŶ롣ƹƣϵĺڰĸݵڷ﷭һȦûҵԼҪĶͣܣɫЩ̫á
š
һʲôĿ΢䣬Ӱǰ뿪뿪΢ŵĽŲԽԽ˿Ŷؽײš
ͬʱ
¹һңң޳ߴвȣž԰ĺɫ
ҹһ˵ĳѹȡаħ־岻顣
ͣǰ̧ʱ΢ɾһ٣ֺŶ롣
֨ѽ
ӿ롣
δҰ΢ɾİӰι䣬ķҡҷĹӰϡ
֮⡣
ƺûʲô쳣
ߵӱһ裬һڣʣµİ뱭Żϡ޳ָתŲ豭ϴŲа
ת豭ͬʱ
һֻҲرûţɵûĪѹָУˮưɢڰĽ
Ƶġ۶۵ģǼ˻ɱƴĿһ
ܡ
ৣ
ʣ
漴ֻһ⽣ɨһΪһߵĹһҡҷĵյٵо

ʱһƬڡ
ӰܳһԲĹɱ⣬ӰЮɱΪԳʢȡǰ
Цͬʱв豭Ȼһתٿˮ꽣ưҹ˸⣬ֱӰ
ͬʱ
ѿյĲ豭Ҳżд׹⣬Ĺʵ
ӰܣӰɨֹˮ׹ѣ豭ӣһ죬մƬķѣ
ٿа
ΪƣӰϣָкâɱȾ
죡
첻أ
ֱȡӰɱ罣
ˣʤѺΣ̡֮
ڵķϣһϸӰӽ£ͬԺڽһϮҹ´硣
δʣŷֱֱͷмд徢˱ˣ
ֱܹĴ򷨡
ûа㻨ڵʽ
ɨ
ţɵüͷ΢壬漴ָⰵâһգΪ֮
Ӱû˻͵ϮһС
ձܹ½˵׷ϡȴֱɫϸӰвסֻü࿹ôڴ򶷵ģ
Щܡ
ԷȻҲʶˡ
һΣ˶ŶʧҹɫС

ҹɫ¡
ＫΪ塣
էзϷХһµĸӴǰߣڽһӡ
Ϥס
½˭ֻ˿̴δŭ֮
ʦ֣
ŮĽ
½Ų΢١
ŮСŸ۵ЩԹ˵ȻҴʦ鷳ˣǳƢ㲻ǲ֪ղҪڡ
ҪΣ
תץס򣬴һּΪѹֵŭԣҾԶ𣿡
ǡ
û˵ꡣ
Ůϵĺڽͱ½ժˡ
ӳڽֱߵӰµףȻ--
ģ
ڰ׸Ԫйһ֮Ե
ʦ֣üЩã֡
½ȴ֣ĶҶ⣬ѵ𣿡
΢ּŲζǿձЩѹ
˼
Եԡ
ƫƫ
֣
Ķϲ㣡ҷģҡ
Ųţ
˵ţ־Ҫȥν
½֪Ƣ
ԥһ£ȴֻ÷ſ鸴Щ
ӲҺúðѻ˵
Щû֪֪ҵΪʲôܰ˵㣿ΪһЩŮ鳤ҵ˵жҲҪһ£ΪһŮ˴ʲô£
½տڣҡ
˺ˣ㰡ҵˣʦ֣Ȼȥɣʦֵ齻ˡ
ô
һᴦá

˸Ժ
յңѾɨɾ򶷹ĺۼ
޹Ӱӳա
ѾǻˮʳϺȥյƼ𡭡
飡
ſ
ˡ
ȥҹ¶ôͻأȻش롣
ϥ̴ľǰȾơű˲ƿͬʱյһǰһơ
ӰԵľˮС
ӳһ޵Ŀס
԰
ȴ䡣
Ҳǰа⡣
һ彣һţʹϵĶ΢𡢶һ£Ȼվﶢ˵ѹ⣬ӲţϱֳĶŭ
ҹկСʦȺһůůΣ
˭ϡľƣ
ｫԽȻˡиˮ
Ϻõ¶ ȾͿϧˡ
ɢɢ˵ţȴʼնû̧ͷָֻԼһƣҪƷ


46 
Ʊ
ֻŶ˾ƱĶ, ָ΢, մżľҺ, Ө¶΢/ͷκ**Ķ, ȴƫƫһ˵**ջ
Ҳȥһơ
ｫһҲˣ
νɢģ΢˪
СʦùܵԽԽˡ
˵ڿ̧ͷЦֱ۵ףֶ, һ˿ݡ磬ȴ޷֮ԡ
ĹĵƲÿʱͻȻץľϸƺ, ˸ƣһչ, ¶ý, , һָֻ߾žƺеơ
Һ˸Ө⡣
һȪС
մ˴, һ˿ˮʹǣһ븹УǵľҺ
ˮĶ/󣬼

Ϊӿʼڵ̬, ŭⲻ֪ʱ, ֻǻѹ, ֻ߻Ũûί, Ͳ㣡
˵꽫ƱŻץ彣ߡ
ûߵſڡ
⶯ɫӰһֽס˾һѹֵǽһǰ뿪
ÿ
ߣһߣһҲ˵ܡºͣٱƽʱģ˿̶Դ̬ˡ
ʲôأ
ʻá
һҲ̲סӯỨ뵽Щ飬һ翸Խɬ롭
ͷӬһ׷֡
ùһ¶ɱ֡
ججӵɽӭأججŽᡭҹλؾѣʪ½ߡ
СֵܹϵãˣҪʱεġϵȴ㲻
Ҫµʲô
Ҫܣ
źúõȵһܳ׷ɱ˵ҹܲܣ
ʲô£ͷϣȥҪ뿪ⲻɡ
Сʦá
һ̾Ϣͳһֳζ
νŵ̬ĺ塣
еĿ⡣ӯۿ΢΢ҧû˵ʲôﻹǺѹ
ֻ΢ץҡ
ûټƶȥ׻Эˡ

ֻҪһ
ίѹͷ·õ˰һ㡣ҲչЩƽֻһ⣬ʦΪβϻȥ
йͤˣʦֲ鰸
ԣʦָûҵ˼һ涼Ըֻ㻹ԹŲϻȥ𣿡
ϯѧú˼롭
ΪʲôϻȥأѹʣüۼȾһƬҵ֮ɫ
ҵϳţֻһʱ֮뿪ͺˣֻҪȥ
û³ޣһı;
ʮյĺʱһȺܸˡ֮󣬾һֱܻȥֱ㶼ϻȥһۣʦ־Ǹʣ
ſϡءĿޣĵѹֶʱıڴ˿̷й
߶ıĵĺţˣˣһһţڡӣ׷ãҲȥΪȥҲûʲôãοô˵ʦȷʵѾǱʦˡȥ˲ģľͻ£ֵ֮ʲôʶҡġЩҲԸȥԭ򡣡
ΪûңҲܽ鴦á
һȰο͵Դ¡
ֹס˿⣬̧ͷĨ˰
Ҫʲôʱſϻȥ
֮ʱ
ңЩˡ
ʲ
õϵᡣ
ǡʦ֣Ҿȥ֮λģЩˣҲˣҵ˽½㣬ϣܽλӣĴˣ
òסŽҴܡ˵
ȴţҵ̾ҲǶӣźˣôҵأοڸѾܲˣʵַ죬ҲҪû´ʦһȥòã
СʦûԹ֪УŮңҪѧüǿһźáʦѪž㲻жΣģʱڣΪѡ
û˵Щңû·
ˣ˵˵㱻׷ɱ°ɡ
ǰλϵţȡ˾Ʊһһ
ô֪ģ
ԴҲЩʡ
һԳ֮ˣ˵ȹ㡣


ݹؼҡ
鱻һƵĴ˷
Դ̫صķ˽ʱ˵ؤһ¡
Ҳ֪̫طǰݷõԭ̫ҹΧɱؤ֮󣬲ŵ鵽ڳڴ÷зĲ¼롮١ؼС㶼йϵ
ٲҪԸµηƫƫ˽õҲôֻԼҷȥ˵˵ҲһλԳѰȴִСŮӹأϹؼˣҲ֪ɺϻԤı
̫طڽЩϤ֪˴˺ֲɫһ¹سĽ뿪Цϱ
ȻǱˡ

õĵ
gŵϥ£Թþһ㣬ֽĹЩܲסˣ͸ǸصģǶԷ̫عңὫϣẦַЩؤᲢۣҪԺ㣿
еԹޡ
һĿڵļ֮
ȴȫԼȥЩؤȥɿ񲻿صľ档
ĸףдһʱƱ˵һͬͱǵ¡
Ҳдûҵ˼ĸѹˡ
ĸ׷ʲô鶼ԹԣΨһ£ҲϣЩڡؤϵǹĨŮ
䡣
ŨŨвα
ֱͦӹ£һǰľǿ֣ĸţҵǹأҪʣΪҪţˮ
Ӵ˵֪һЩҹص˵ǣֻɻΪôɣҲչأȴûĵط롭
ңﱾѷƫҪȥ¶ˣʩʲô࣬ʲôؤǵһȴؼˣ
޷粻ˣͣᱻˮֹֻԽԽ
֪Ļᱳ˵ĸã̳֪ܵŮ
鱻ɫ׹ҡҡ׹ôںЩﱻ˾֪ĳ档
ͷϿŶҲֻŮһʧʹҲûаõϢأǿ񡭡˵ţ뵽Ǹء
֪ΪΡ
Щķҡ
ܾҪʲôõµûţþҵͻȥ


47 ӿ
뿪ú, ˽սӴصŷʻ
ʵʹһˡ
ûʳʲôʱͷŷǮ
üޡ
ǹݳ, ֻܽΨһ֪ʻ
ŷ
֧֧˵ʲôõϢ̶Ƭ, ͷ󺹣λϵĴɫԽԽ, ŵĲᣬȴһ֪ʵǲã
һ䲻á
ŷ, ڵأͬ˵һڸϵˡ
ˡ
ĺˡ
ʱͻòҪأ
ͲǶԿɶסںδأ

̫ظ
̫ػڷĥǷ߳š
ݣԺ, ֹ֮Χ̡
ʱ
λ߳ǸҪ𣿲ĵλʻˮʵ벻͸
Էˡ
̫, Ȼ

ڡ
ɽկƽ
ƽǳϫ籩ٵǰϦ
ķ, һȺᱡ, ƹѲ, ⼶ȣץסһ˾˵¡
վһ͸ݵš۹۱ǱǹġżֺõԹ˵Ż߳ţһ͸, дõ秵һ͸̴߳󻧹˼ҵĹӡٺ, С, ܺÿ, Ҳû⡣
һЩˣÿҲФģ
ݵŹˡ
Ƽ
ڱϣķ˿£һ˫ʺҪѪĳ
ɽկĺɽһϿȡ
ȴɽγɵ֡С´һƬĺ̶
⡣
ڽʣļҴ󴬡ɡǰϿתƣɽСӲݴ˼
ɽʯһĴֱµӡɰ׹ǡһЩɣ洦ɼѵĺۼ
䲻ˣȴܽɸߴȥ
վǰ˼Ŀšһж·ߡڲ棬ɽвƸȡʵļƻЩѧũؤסɽկƶһµ
ʱ̶ͣĴ󴬻ȫȥ
̶˹ء
Ҳ١
һ̶ӦһǱɽկаˡ
ֻ㳲ɽկʣ޼ɽ˵ױܽ
뵽
һ¼ƻӰվɽ¼䣬ɽկĳ

ɽկԺ䡣
ɽƣС·̨׹̨ͤǳǳ
˼ԹĽߡƮڷС
ɽˮɵһƬˮƯͤӡͤĽз壬ɫɴɫ̰Ʈš
㡼ͤе١δױ⣬ɢһͷں˳ķ˿ɫధڣǰʻ
ôİˡ
·˶ҪǱ˵֮С
ˡ
ǫ֪ʱߵ󣬱סú뽫Լȴֿ˵
ܱˣ˲ȥ
㡼סֻͣůţôΪȴо
Ц˵
ȴ˾ȿ޻˱ˡ
ңܿһоҪˣ
㡭һֱϣ㡣ıһУΪұһָɡ
ģ㡼һġ
ǫıૡ
ֻһѻȼա
ʵѪҺǻϲڴǽڱеľġ
㱣֤
һּĵֿ˵ˡҲûֹһ㡼ܿˣ

㡼˳ǹ
Ԩˡ̶ۣ޷԰Σںڰг빲ٵɣ
߳ǹ˸
ͷνŲߵͻŵĹʱյš
һ¡ѡ
кѣȻΪ
Ҵһδ˵ɻ󡭡лᣬΪѴɣһ£Сѱ±Ѱʱ֮£ʹա
һ⡮顯
Ϊתǳԣ
һ˳һڡⳤһһϸ˵гǲصǡ˷ţ𷳻ݴ𡣡
ŵǣ
ŶһĹͱ԰׵ĿɫԽẮ⡣
ʲô˼
͵æ
谵ĹӰ
緭ֽ
ֵڰĶߣӣһһĲëȻĺ
㣬ţ
Ȼֱ塣
ǡ
һ䡮ѱ±Ѱ֪ҹϣԵܽ£һ䡮ʱ֮£ʹաԵδ
Щƽôˣ
Ȼδִ¡
ȥҹšԼû鵽ʲôԷ֪½߳ǵϢһ
εƣ
ʲôˡ
ȴһܲƵݶر֮ˣ
ڿʲô
ʱԤ׵Ĵ˽
һ۾Ϳݵıš
üѾֻЩεŴг˳ȥ
ϣ￴Щŵݡ
ͬûиһ

һѧСȻдԸԭǾɽˮʱţ˴ȺܺѪ״
ڡ
ȻҪȺɽ
ں֮ѾڵŹͤսҪɱɽˮ롣
֪ĿģϽȥⲻҪĽ
£ڣ
ɨһݡ
ظؼ۵ͬʱҲЩ΢΢԰θߵʣʦ֣㲻˵֪𣿡
Щͷ۵Ŷͷû˵
ڣ׷ʣְŷȥһ顣￪ʼɿ
һӾ֪ʲôˣ΢΢ü˵ʲôûڣȲᶨ
ˣ
С
ھҪȥˡ
ûš
ʦ֣֪鶼Ұɣ֪֪˷ܰսʤסң㲻ھȥڣ

޹¯
ɫ
ڷ
һϮ»̬Ŀͷذ̴ľϷƼȡûںȾƣڱĿ񡭡
Ư°ȸһء
ͻȻűϢƿ
һߴİɫӰϢ̤ˡһŸɾ佭İ꣬ݣüĿԳƽ¥˭
ӿڡ
ڱĿȴ֪˽һ㡣
Ϊһ䣺١
ѾˡʮڰɽŴ
ش
˺˵˼ڼϢ
Щֹƫƫ֪⣬˼ϲŵôŰɡ˯ȥˡ
ûйǰ֮
ӿǳɢ
𽵹ǳϡƽʱϰ缦ĵţҲ״ţһ顣
ȴҪ˵
Ӱλĵ¡ˡ


48 ѩ׹
ҹ
¡
Ҳһ˿ȡ
ˮ, ܼȺܵ͡Լɼʮ̴, ĺӵСÿҴÿҴ֮, ֱ۴ֵһ
Ƶĵ¡
شүվڼװϣ, Щ㲣ȻˮдûϢá
µǵǰүҪһ갡
, һʱҲ²ˣСĵ㿪ǣ
شүȻ˵Ҳʵϣ¡
쵽ˡ
˭Ҳһ꽽
οһ, ϵĻƷҲܳ𡣺ӵˮҲ伱¶ˡˡĿĿѾƣǣҶͿҪˣɲʱʲôӣ
麰
Ҳûʲôӡ
ϾôҲˡһЩɿ, ûϹʲôӡ
һ˻ȥ, ׼ЩҲ, ˳˳ˮ, ˵ĳ⡣
ֻǿϧĴͷǣ˭Ҳ벻Ķλ
š
˼ֲ֪ƮԶ
뵽λ;ϴĿˡһλŻĹӣѩ˿ӵϣΪϹмΪѰ, һܴϡ
ڵˮԶ
֪ʱһĨ΢Ļƻ⡣̫Զ, Ӱ̫, ˺ҹˮϵө⡣
ֱԽԽ
̴ǰʱǿһС, ΢Ļ⣬ǹڴͷֽԼӳճиĵüĿСꡣ
ֻһСꡣ
ϵ˶ԼͬϾʱֵѲ˻ɡ
ʲôˣ
ܿлʡ
꽫СͣԶĵط΢΢̧ͷϵ˻شСУǰһ仰ؼλүһЩ̫ƽλү·СһЩǮ浽ʱִš
شүӹ˼Ļӳ£㿴ģһ۵ӡ󲢲ĿĶŶԷʲôˣʲô֣˭ģһкβ̫ƽϴ˵
˵š
һӵˡ
һĿˡ
ɢʱ
Сϵ仯һĨӰȴȵ䵽ϡ
ϵĻɫһ׷סৡεǰУݣŵرشүͬʱҲΧסڼװϣ

ϴɵø̾Сʵܲ𰡣С֮ʵڲҳݣС֮ˣڲ֮ٴΰݷùظһղ֪ΪйٱƵƵ֣йٱƵֵĵطܹǲ̫ƽġ
ǽⶼشһġ
ʵһõĶûУƫƫưϢšɷΡ
㾿˭
شүʡܸоóȻЩΧסȴûϡûа㵨ӣԽĵԽ
С䣬ΪѴСȸˡ
ҹ
˵ζɢ
񱭹Ӱ
һֻ޳׾ָỮҡ


΢òš
ȴ̺һѰԲŨ
ļװϡɫȻ䣬˼ŴдҪӻԼС
С͵
һĶŵ
ѩ׵޳ӰӴ߳ƮɣţէȻǰǰһԡµɽ֮ѩޡ
Ҳ͸ѩ뵭Į
󻹸һ½͡ƽͨЦһͨͨĳĬ͡
ߡ
ȴֲΥֻͣʮֵĲۡ
ȴ֪
ѩ׹ӡ
ǳĬЦͨ͡Ӧĸ֣ǿӣؼҲͬ·ˡ
š
üĿȴûа
̹Ȼ϶ԷЦ˫żԻ󲻽⣬ȴֲ˵ֻڵŶԷһοڡ
С͵Ҫδأ
ȻҪڡش𵽣߳ǡ
һʱ²͸Է⻰˼
Ȼϡ
Ŀĵظݡ
ţѩĹʣҪС͵ܴ֮˿߳ǣ
ԭ
΢΢һ־òô򵥣ҡͷڣѻݡ
˵ѻݡ˵Ϊβת
ѩ׹ӵܺ
ᣬˣ΢Ѭ
˾÷С
෴˾ʮֵ㣬᲻뾡ܵĻش
ʱ
˽̸ȥʱ˿̣Ϊ֦ٵ飬СͲˡбҪæɣүȻصݾ֪ˡ
˵Ҫǡ
ѩ׹ȴ΢ЦߵС͵Ƿʲôرˣ
Ϊر𣿡
ʡ
ȴڲɫ˼仰ĺ⡣
ѩ׹΢ЦͣؽţһرĶԣ޷ԡ
ʡ
ԷȴЦת˻⣺˵͵ĳûʹɡĳǰ߳ǣ޴ˣС͵ܿԸз㣿
ʮ
˲֪ôܾ
˵ΪǾ䡮һرĶ
֪
Ϸʲô
»ֻǶԷһߵĻҲҪŪŰġţ˵
Сªλ⣬ϴɡ
лС͵ܡ
Ӱ̰䵽˵¡
ŶԷ
ϣѩ׹ɫ̫õĹشүлһ·߶ţʤмʹ˱
˳·ϷȻûֹɣ
شүҪ˵ȫûнǲܵģҲûԷ
ڡ
ǴСꡣ
书ҲֻɶԷ뿪ЩȻǰֶŵģ
֮ʣĳһ
˵
С͵ܵĻɲһ
š
ڵҹɫ¡
ܻӦаŭĴһ˵ǿˣ
Щ
СããǰУҡҡλΣٶȴǺܿ죬ûã㽫ԶԶ˦ֱ
½վں󷽴ͷ
ѩ׹վǰֽ¡ѩ׵ڷƮţƮƮɣ·ʱӰȥ
СЩխ
ݲµվ
΢΢ڴֻӲĲǺ
Դһ㣬ͻվ˵۲ͣࡣЩ굽ˡ
Ѿˡ
Ҳûа취ٻλá
ֻܺԵֲĸоʣ㷽˵СһرĶ
Լԡ
ΨһܳƵرĶ
ֻС
ͻȻһµƿ
ִȵ֡
޳ָڷ
һſӣЦ΢΢Ⱦһ˿Ź֣֪
ѩ׹Ӷ˵ôӵĶмɢ⡣
ͷ
ûʲô
ȴԷ̬΢
ѩ׹һЦţ֪ΪΣͽǰѾƯӵݸ


49 ٤ľ
űݵǰľӡ
˼ֽ˹, ΢΢һ, һ׹, ָЩأ΢ʵֲ, ƹǷǹǣľľ˵Ǻֲʡ
ںԷעӣҲδа㲻ڡ
ȻϵĶ
Ͳƽ޹ʸӡ
ӡ
Ƿʲô
뵽
ŵһɵġζʶζζͬʱζøŨ
ɲֱǼ⡣
, ȴܣһ˵Ũ廨ζ
ڱǱͬʱ΢΢ü, Ⱦһ˿ײ
ζƴϴġ
ڱǲûмᣬŨ޹
ַ·֡
Դ
Ҳϡ
ܿʶԼζ
õӵĶ̶Ƭ̡
ɶζϷ˽һŨ
ˣ
ĵ΢΢һԽ󣬱ɫԽƽ, , ֻ, Щ, ֿǸԱӵĶЦעѩ׹ӡ
ѩ׹ӿ
ȴʲôҲ˵ֻע΢ЩЦ⣬ڵԼ֢ᡣ
ѩ׵ֱࡣ
Ҫɨ
˼ζ, ûôע, ˼ܿ콫ӷ¡
Եһ
ŨζȻ˳㵭ȥ̶Ƭ̼, ҲŲǹζ
ֵͻأ
ҲɢĪ
һнΪǰӡĿ΢΢䵽ϡʶ, ˼ƽʣŵ𣿡
ȷһЩ顣
Ųˡ
ѩ׹ӴЦش
ҲһЩ졣
֪Թƽ̬ȣһԷƵĵˡ
˺
һ־ҪӡָҪһ˲䣬ȴ΢΢һ٣Ϊ
ص֮綾ޡ
Ƭ̡
ûʲôζ
Ż֡΢һ˲ʲôŶζɲǼӰζ
ŵ𣿡
ѯʡ
δӴʱûζ
ôٴνӴӣζʱԼ֮⣬˻ŵ
Ѹٷ֢ڡһѾһѯʣƽ͵ķԭɡ
ҲЦŻأŲˡ
ͬĻش
ȴǲͬĺ⡣
˼΢ӻ˶Է
ѩ׹ŽӹСԼѾŲκζŶԷ۾ʳһ⡣
ڡŵ𣿡
ܡ
һ

ȴԺ΢΢һը--
ʲôʱʼ
ʲôʱʼŹֶ
ĿǰΪֹ
岢޵״
ֻߡֻû⵽
Ŀ䵽Էеϡ
ǹؼ
˭ֶŵϲ֪ʱеζ
⡭ʲô
Խߴ˿Щʡ
Ҳ֪ӻζ
ֻʡ
ѩ׹
ӸɢȥƮŵסߡ
ĽǶȿȥ
ֻܿһɰѩӰ
㣬һǹƷ㣬֪Ϊλᱻõϡ
һţһ΢΢Լ֡䡣ûʲôرζǹɳˮÿҲʵÿζ·ûгֹ
ҲΪ
һԵЩ˼
ֻҪִȡ
˭ŵζǶ룬αװɺģ
̫˰
֪ͱԼ϶ֽš
ɷ˵þһЩ
ʣ֪ǱǺ졣ϲ֪ʱȾϵ㣬бȻϵ
٤ľ
š
٤ľĻҶƳɡ٤ľѰ仨㣬òɢȻζѰȴŲá컨ˣΨľѡ
ѩ׹Ӳ͡һö顣

Լ³˴𰸣ʣ
ӵӲʣǷ٤ľйأ
һ¡
ӱЦˡ˵мѾµˡ
ֻҪ٤ľ
ŵζζ|ãͣþ
״Ⱦϣ
Һ̬ɿڶ룬ɫζȻԳ٤ľ⡣
٤ľ
ŵ㡭Ѿŵˡ
뵽ŵΡ
ֱһԴԴðӡ
ЩĬˡ
鵭ϲŭŴգ˫ָϥϣҲ˵֪Щʲô
Χס
ҹɫġ
ʱʱˮ˴Сˮ
һƶ޹ˡ
˼
ֽšҲпֽŵˡ
ҹš
롣
Ǻʱֽţ
л֮ǰ֮֮ǰǷˣ֮󣬻вȵĻᡭ
֮⡣
¹Ҳ
Ϊϵİֻߣԭ򡭡
侲侲ĳ⡣
⡣
䲻ڵ
˼ϣعҲܻţֻûбֳ
ЦһȤˡ
СֻԼܵùˡխС΢΢˸
ô룬ʧ֪ǸӺĿοʣȾϴ㣿üĿ
ûСֶһ£СҲȷ
ϲԷпΪҹŶ
Ц⣬˵ĳæһ¡˵ţʲôģ̸ã֪С͵γƺ
ԳתúȻ
Сһ֡ǰӴһԳҹ֮ˡ
Լͬʱɫ׳նͷνǸ鷳
ıʣ֪
һ֪治
ܷһò
׷ʣҲ˷С
ĸݡ书ŶңһɫǸ󣬵ȴûиźˣٲ
˵̾Ҳ֪Сδ㣬๫ӿнⷨ
٤ľѰӵдﶼȣĳлᣬС͵һ´ˡ֮һοǷڡ
л˵Щʧʣ޷𣿡̫ѨЩʹ
С⡣
ʵĹӰ¡
İɣḧȣܱʧȥԣľͲᱻ֮һˡ

͸һ˿ǸͰĪ
仰Լľ͸Щ
䣬
ˡ
ҲûнⷨҲǶԷ治֪ҲǶԷ˵
˼š
ٴ
޷һ취ʱѹס
ĵ΢ɡ
빫ԡ
˷ΪҪõʮҩģ塭ÿΣɽԴڡ˷Чֱ㲻ѹΪֹ
ô
ḧƽϥϵӡڽѹƽϢĵ׵ıŭȻɫȻ䣬ƽ͵صл
л档֪ҪõЩҩģ
ĲʮҩЩûֵѰ˶ԣζ޶ʵûҪȥ
ĬĬº
лӽԡ
εľġ
ЦЦ˵ʲô

л˵
ллӪҺ


50 ˮҹս
ҹɫ¡
Сٶȼ߳ǶС
ھɽˮʮĶɿڴʱ
´, Св, ڴͣЪһҹλм, ɳ˴˴·
ôǣǷס
Ҫ˵, СǷ˹ӡǵѣСԱڹ֪С
߳ŴΪΣ
֪ԷΪͻȻдһʣСѧ, ɴ˵أδй̶ѰС߳ǳ¸һʡ
û˸ˡ
ǰаչæһ͡ȴûչο, λġݷǵУûƽ޹ȥȥ鷳

Ѹ
˰ڶԷעС
СҲʧããҹɫСʹӰҡҷ, ѩӰϡ
ӰµѩӰ
ˮȴְ㲻Ⱦĺ˿, һż߹, ҵᡣ
ԴΣ
ǳ½ͻء˵˵ĿǰΪֹĵһ仰ƽ͵Щѵ
Цѵۺܸߡ
½Ĭϡɫ, ȴ٣Ϊû˵ְŽôվڴΡɽɡ
*
ɽˮʮĳɽ·ڴ
Сڴͣ
̿Ъʱϵ㶫γһСг, ˿˼С, Ҫס޵Ŀ˴סꡣ
һҹ
ͼûˡ
Ϊɽˮ±͵ϮƹĶ˵Ǯߺͣ
ڴͣա
Դ뿪
һʮ, Ѱ, һͣͣͣ
ǿյġ
Ҳ֪ʱװʲô
Сֻһˡ
ʱѧһοЩĪҪҲû˵Ҫʲô
ڴͣȻгԷǮ
ɾôɵţʼе㲻ġ
ڽҹ
Ҫȵˣ
꺰ʱͿСͬСȴ֪Ϊ;ǣһֱͬеĺꡣ
ýָһˡ
ӰüĿĲꡣ

С˵С仰ǰָꡣ
ǸŹֵˡ
ɭɭĶͰν
ҲðȻֻͣߣ뿴ǸСǿȵ
Ǹʲôˡ
·Χ
ҹֱָʣ
䵶ָǰ
ɫ䣬֪ʲôǰߣɻѰǺߣԸҡ
ѭѭգҵĳ֡ҽ֮£ŵһ֡ңд𰸡
ҹƬ̡
ƺ˵ˡ
ջ˽
Ȼһƿգâֱ
Ҫɱˡ
̽
˵ʱʱֻӰƱܿ棻̧һˣ̣ɲΣְҹϵͬʱѾ
һʹ
ж
ॡ
ҹгأࡣ
Ҳ㶯֡
˵
ջ֣ģûʲô
ҹɫ΢һ£ĬĬļ𽣣ৡջʣɫ糣û˵
Ҳ붯֡
ԶѡȻù˵
ˣѾ֪˭ˡڿʼҵķԸ°ɣ
͡
˾úܺദģǰʣҪʲô
ȡ
ȣ־Щͷۡ
޺İɣ̫ãաҪһȥ
ȥˣ
˵ʮһ˼ҡ
Щɻ
ô졣
û˵Բʮʲô˼ҡ
ȴ˵պһһˡ˵ҹ
ȥϿ̶ǲˡ
Ҫ˴·

һϵ׼˵صں󡣲ŷλ֡ƺˣͬЩ¹صƷ
Щ⡣
ȴϾ
ҲԷʲô¡
Ҳ֪½꣬ڸʱתݡ
Щӡ
ԷһֱȴʲôҲûӦûȷݣҲ˵ںȾϡ
ʹ
֪Ⱦ㡣
ڴּŶԷȻĻԭݣصݡ
ȴĽ־ǡ
Ͷ

䣡

籩꣬ӿĺϴƬˮ죡
ͻıꡣ
ϴźҹµĲء
ʮ̴ڱţСХ쫷̶ˮ˴˼װϣӴ̽ͷĹү˲䱻һˮͷüëճһ𣬶ʱһ
ô
ȥֱ
ѾϴڴˣҲһ
үİڴſڹʱʱһôҶϸ㡣
̴
ʱͣ
¾ҹ˺
شүүزջ·Ļ񲻶˯¡
˯ԺС
飡
һ죡
ƽؾԺҹɫĻд
ϵˡ
˯û˯š
ʱ˿̶һŵûɢ
Ӧô¡
ڵĻĹף
飡飡
ƺƵ|ɽͣ
ô£ô£
شүײײӴ˳ʡ
װϻζ
Ӱر߾ޱһƬ
Ĺ
ͣŶĤɡơ
սģ
ս
ܵװϵĹشүȻʶһ㡣
ɫˣ
𾪲Ұף۵һĻɫ
ôйٱ
ѵǷ˽ε¶·ˣ
Ͻߣ
شүǳ嵽װϣ
һ롣
Щˡ
Ϊˮӭʻüҹٴ

Ӱӿ
ϲż죬ӭƳս
ˣүˣ
˷򼸺ܻ
شүǰ˺ڡŭ˵ôῪ
˷Ұ
˵ϸȻ
ô֪ô
ֻ֪ôҲڵϹģôң˭´ȥ飬˭Ǹʱ顭
ٴԽԽ

شүʱĶڵѪһ嵽ߺԥˮһ

ֱˮС
µҪͷϾȥΪʲôֻ֪£Աٱץסģ
˽Ρ
Ҫ۳ҵ
Ҳˣ
ֻ÷ʲôǻ֪Ŀ飬Ҳšͨͨȥ

ͬʱ
ġٴϡ
һ˵ľɹٷĲӣЩ½ӰӰֱˣ־úЦ
˭Ҳû뵽
ƻе˳
ļֱҲ
ɽŵź
ǫңңվһҡٴϿš
δڱ
Ҳ𾪡
һеϰ㡣ЩֻҪټҵĴͱЫ
Թٱη壿
ʾ֭ȴҲ벻ףȴҲ¡¡սǿҵѪս⣡
ߡɱ⡣
űֻͨս֣֮ϧЩ̶Ӷˡ
һ档
شүһɾγԶͻȻͣȥżָӵĿ⣬Թˮ˷ңңԼɼŻĴ
ڡ
ȴû׷
ԽԽԾ
ȥ
ͻȻҧ˵ʵ̫ˣ
εû찵زŵߵǣԼҴүֿʼΣɵҲֻϡͿָλȥ
;ǱĹү
һشүҪλȥֱһֵܶ˻Ŵ˰˳Űǲǹٱ
ȥ
һȥͿνġٴϾɽ
شүֱŭգ
Ҫȥ
ȴүסˡ
ָָǰС

ޱȹĺƵ½ش
ڵˮϲ֪ʱֳʮҴٴ
ӭչ
ڰս죡
¸ɫϸڴϣ
̫زɱﳾɽǧ֮ǰ


51 ¾β
Ѿͣˡ
ɢȥ塣
ҹɫ, ûй, ĵ, 𵶹⽣Ӱɱҵĺ棬ɽկԵΪƽ
㳲޼㡼Щһ, ǾԵĶ档֮ܶˣѲΪ鷳
ҹ
ɽŶҵɫҴɽ㡼
λկڡ
ɽдСʱ㡼ڴ
˵бɽţ
ͤŮͣµ΢΢תʡյ, ǳѤʣɴƮɣĵһ/컵ɫξ
˿ĵҲЩǷ
ҵ˳԰ԼҪ˵ʲô
Ŀİ˻, ȻͰ͵㡼¾ɽйٱƽʱǲµģڴҶȥ̴կûʲô, ҪйٱҹϮһӱ͹ɵøϽɽźá
Сɾ˺£
㡼ȴһԵͤ˳, ɴڵѩˡ
ͬǶҵһͬġ
, , һˡ
㡼˺
Ƕԡϡɡδ׷ֻʣ
Сɾкο
Ҳǳɱơ
˻ɴɽ
㡼ᡰޡһ
Ȼ󣬾ͷԸҵȥˡ
Щôˡ
Ըˣ
ֻͤʣˡ㡼ҲαװƽǸ, , ̬, , ȴֹһ˿Ц⡣
˺γԣ
㼫ٳɽ֮£㳲̴Ǽ٣߳棬Ϊ˽һ𣿡
΢΢Ĭ
㡼΢ǹٸˣ
˼Ĳ²⣬ΪλԸϣ
ǵá
㡼˵Ŀ걾ڡ
ѳɿռӣҪã㡼ת˺ЩӦõȫȥкβɣ
䣬ֱԽԶȥ
ȥı
ͻȻһ䣺뿪𣿡

կɽ
һկӡ
ꡢ˼ɽկկǮһգ˵ɽ´Ͽȵס
ȵ˽Ӧ
˵ĹУûмô鱦ǣ۾ˡ
ֻ޲ܱɵȥ
֮¡
һԿǰƽۿò󣬲ŵˣٶȿһ㣬һºԭ·ɽʮĶɿڽӦ
кöûأ
̲ס˵
ٱկӡ߰ɣǾ鷳ˡ
˵꣬û˸˵ˡ
ڽһǮƵȥ󡣰ꡢȶʮ˴ԭ·Ҵɽ
뿪
Ҫɽ¡ɽϵĽѰߣȴѡ
ٿ
ƿ
ҹɫ˲а
ϡ
üһ̧֡
ɢ׼ȷץסһ
΢΢չһ
ֻһСʯӾġ
зӰ߽˵ȹ
ˬŮ
δͷȴ֪˭΢΢ЩͷۣʱҲͰˣƫƫʱϡ

̾һָ̧ǰߣ֪γԣ
׷ϣϿ仨Բԣ
﷽ŲѾôˡ
˵ȹң
һСᡣСҲصѡ
һ£ʲô˼
С㣬̬Ľ͵żȻϹ˹½ִʱΪ⣬һ¹̫鷳ͼٳҾȹ㡣ΪţˡСڴ˵һǸ
˺
Ĭһǿ͡
ոǼٱģʲôģôһûУ
鷳ǹΪΰҹڴˣ
㡣
شֱס
ЩĬˣһʱ֪ôش
ȴ׷šֻӹ֪ڣйٸ֣֪
ӰԴµĹע෴棬֪
Ըٸ
ȴùٸӯ֯Ͳôڡ
ڷ㳲̴ȥˡ
򵥻ش
ѹһ˶ûС
ֲ̫ס
˶ߵֻʣһկӡ
ʲô壿һѻկˣҲɲ˶ʧѲɡ
¶˵ſʼƿҩ˵ó

΢΢Ĭһ
Сͷж
ΪʲôͻȻ裬ͣͶĶʲôĿһɨɽ£ոҪȥ
Щͷۡ
ҹµ̶ײϡţҲǲС
ˡ
֡šһ
£һ
߷ণǰﻻơĲɽڶ£δУֻʱ塣
Ƭ̡
̶׵һʯϡ
ڽǮװϴ̶Ĵ󴬱ߣСȴв٣װЩ鱦´ࡣ
էȻӰ
ﶼЩס
Žڽҹһ
񿴵ĿꡣĿϲŲ
ЩЩǮѾװˡǰЩͰ͵Ķ˵
ζûмôǮ
һʱδл͹˵һʼԴдɣȴصķˣ
ͷ
˵˾仰áԭƻ¡ʮﴦɿڻֱͣݣׯ
ЩǮ
ܼά֡Լ
ڴ˷Ը˴½̶ʱ
ŸմɽṦѣⶸ͵ɽѵöࡣ
ûüһҹըëָĽۺ졣
㡪
ЩۣȻ
Ȼڵ߹ǰһˣ
ҹվɽӰû˵
ߵмͣڵˡûжֵĻᡣ
ﶢнȾһ˿⣬ѵһģԣ㲻صѡȻ˸ˣ
ﺬһ˿ŭ
СһЩ²⣬вһĽۡ
ʲô²⣿
ɻǵã׷ɱ·ߣ
ʲô˼
ﱻ׷ɱǰǴӺδ뿪Ҫȥεأû֪г̰ţ
ʡ
鵭ȴԵú档
ǰûʱ䴦¡齫Ļҹ֮£Ҳôһˡ
˿
Ӧͼ
ͼΪʱȴϾʱﱻ׷ɱ׸һ¡
ӵ뿪Ҫţ;ɱ֣ɱ˾͸гľ򣡡
̫á
˺΢΢Ĭһ£۵㣬ʱҹҪ֡
ǡˣ;ˡ
Ȼ˲֪Ϊλݣ
Ӿ仰ðİǳСӹȥ
˭ӻ
ʻͲ˷С
ȻЩش𣬻ӻش𣬡Ȼϵӻƾóƺ׶ʱһ
׷ɱݣڹ׸ٳٲʾ֪˭
һɱ֡
֪һլԺ˭
˵⵭ҹ⽫׸֮书Ӧ֮ϣҲɱȴֳٳδܵ֡ĿĲɱˡ߸˵ָʹˣûҪȡ
վɽӰҹ΢΢׺ݹ£һ˿֮һƬ׹⣡
Щͷˣ˵ʲôˣ
ǰӣƲһ࡭˵ز˾ɷ߱˵
ﶶʣ
ȥ߿ԣҪ£
Щʹ̫Ѩ³֣߳ǡҹδϢãЩ֧£ֻҸطú˯һ
߳ǣ
ĥһ֡Ȼͬ⡣ʵеģûնҹʤȥ߳ôʦ֣


52 һ
ҹδ, 
ֻǫѡķ, , ˵ˡ綾һڴˡͷʹ޲ߵѲΪֻһ˲˷磬Ǿδùؼ̶ӡ
ؼ̶Χ˵Ĺг˲
֪ϸĳ¸ӹؼ̴ҵ˽Ρ߲, һ뽫˴ߣ߳Ѻգ˼˾ָع˽Σ˿ܽ˼С
Ȼ, ̫ؼһ򽻺ã跨ֹ¡Ȼ̫أԷϵ, ְ˭Ҳѹ˭
䷨ɰ
ֲ֪ǿн˴ߡ
ֻͳһشүó¸ʱŴ, ֻȽү̶ӵȴ߳ǡ
*
ɽկ, ǽյԺ
Щľһʲô
Ҳ֪˭ȷֵ, կһҲû, ֪ȥһʽ
߰ɡ

Ҫӡ
˺µҡͷ
Ҫô죿һֱĬŲ֪ʲôꡣ
껹ûüش, ֻҲشʱ, յԺͻȻ߿, һӰײײĴ
ǽӻĲ˭, Ѫֹüطҩ
һѪ̫ںˡǰģһֱ˷ŲֵԴʡ
ϹٸΧսˡ
ɽз˴
ˡ
úð̲ס룬޵İУһ˿ġͷ
Ķ֪̽ʱС˫ڷȴյԽԽӿֽй⣡
ʲ
δ˵ȻֹȻԲ˫ۣǾŭһƬûüȫֵľ֣

ҹ

ɴƮͤͤУŮȣһյƣӰѤӳܡ
ͤ⣬ҵĽŲͤķһɵѪȡ
㡡㡼
ĽлҹɫǱӰͤˮһˮ
ͤӰϡδ
δֹ
ˮеһ·ˣѺķеľ
ϡ˿֮ޱȽ
ʧѲǾ֮أң˷಻ţ֮ͤˡ
뿪
ԽԶԽá
ɳڵˮûֻʣһƬݵĹ

߳ǡ
ϸ΢΢
ˮҶҵ䡣
һ·ء
лϡĸ֮Ĺ
һĻӰڷǰֽҪȼڷǰˣþû뿪
ֱ
һӰ֡żõİ׾ߵǰ¡
٣߶ǣ˵ĸоס˿̣ȴܿͶػĿڵÿʱҵ㡣
ȴ飬ʲô
ӷ»תԶͤӣ˼ȨƣѾ֣ҲΪĸױ˳𡣡
ЦˣȻϻԽԽడ
ˣܰȥĸסʱĿһҵĸӣöð
Ҿĺ常ڴʱ˵ЩҶٹ
˵ž
Դȴûа𾴵˼
һݵĲͷ常ûа飬δ֮ǰֱ˵⣡
̬Ȳ׽£常˷ǰҪΪһˣ߰ɡ
ΪһҪ
һġ󲻿ԵĹˡԺĸߣվøԶø͸ϧᡭ
*
ɽˮ뵽߳ʱ
֮䱾Ϣһݣһ뵽ϵİδֻþʹա
Ȼáݷˡֵ֮ʱ죬òʧ
Ѱջź¸ȥһˡ
¸δƻϸһա
·֪˺æسӴΪҹصĽݱж޲ڣҲԱЩøеϲʢеȳ¸칦ȵȡ
ɫЩ԰ײ̬ɵùģ֪ʲƼƵĴסηÿɰüпл䡭ȵȵȵȣʵЩмܲסѰ˸Ὣתϣõ͵¸ָĶһ⽻¸æǡ
صջ
򿪽нҩһһϸһ顣ҶʵУÿһ滹Сϸעּ֡ȻдȥģµСʷַһֹˮС
΢΢Щݡ
ˡϸҲֿʼͷۣЩҩе֪ЩмУһҪѰҩ⡣
Ȼм
ȫȻĴˡ
Щҩѹư㣬ȴȷЩҩǷè壬ûбͷֻøϻݴ顣
ƺܿˮ
׼ҩԡ
ҿջеԺ䣬ȴ㹻˽˿ռ䣬סʱԤҩԡϵ⡣
ҩһһˮС
УֻһҩζţζҲеҪѵһЩ
Լˮк
ԡͰԵ΢΢۾üۼ䣬ż²иľ⣻ͷɢԡͰԵ¶һĨĲ
飡
ͻȻ졣
ˮУֻиһգ۾ʱŵֻһ
ƭӣ
ź

Ǹſջŭ˸ȥ
ʱûá
û뵽ͻˣŭδǣӦڹ˸ϸˣ˼룬˾ԡͰû̾ƺʵ˹ġ˹İ
ƭӣ
ȷʵܲáڸ˭˭֪ʧһֻֻؿջ
Сһʼû˵ҹҲͬУƭһ˵·ϾͱϵĳƺЩͷۡ
ỹá
һˣͣŵĶƭӣ㿪ţˣ
ƾɣСڡϴ谡侪էȴˮжҲû
Ȼջֹţϴʲô衭
ȴʣѰأ
ȻҪңȵҴʦֻ˵
û˵ˡ
ߡһҲ뿪ˡٴһٽʱŲӦŶ룬ɾһ˿ҩζ
ӰҲûС
ʶԷԾ뿪˿ջ
ƭӣ


53 ӻظ
ݳǡ
ؼҽ²˳, , һƬҵơﻹûһ, 
ڿѶ¡
ȥѹڴС
һ֮ͲˡҲҩ, ڷϴ棬ȥȰο˼󣬾ͽ˶ƫԼչˣԸҲõĻԺ, ҪŮջ˴Ҵҳһ
ָҪġ
⻰ɫ΢΢ЩһԵķѾûɫĶһèŶǰݵأ˵ʱָͷҪȥ
˸ŭ, ǰʾ⡣
ء
鵽Ǽֶʱתͽ˸ǰ, 㿴
˵š
һ
еַʱ䡣
˳ɨһݺüҶȥץˡȥ, ô, ֱӰ˶Ԫ̨ɽȥ
̲סʣҪһͻȥܻô죿ų, ߾ߣһξеڶΣܲһһΰɣ
ֽīһ, һ𽻸ճµĹҪѾͷס, ˾͵¿һˣ
Աϡ
, һдֽϡװúҪ׷ȥ, ǰȥץ˵ļҶȴͻˣ޹˵˸ڿջҲ

ˣԼ
鵽ϵһ֣ˣдʱԣ
˸һӻ𡣺޺޵طԸȥ˼ȥңֻҪݳǣһҵ
Ȼûҵˡ
ȵȵһ첻جġ
ү̴߳Ǹ߿Ѻˣ
˹شүûһҲûܻ
شү糾·ǰ˽˵һ顣ȻڽʣտŰݷã
ĺܽ
ڻ·ϡ
̫۹е
λ߳Ǹֵٵ֮ʣΪѫϰ£䷨һѹؼҾˣ
Ҳˣ
ûûС
ġ
شүϢûꡣҲżҲңҲкҪҪ˵˵ҲһҪ㡭
شү˵ֻԼ⣬ûݷùú룬ʱ䡭Ҫ
ҡͷɫԽధ˵ҵҪ˵ҲҪŮ
شү꣬ʱңֱǲ֪ػ
˴һ¡
ֻԼˣ
ʲôб鷳
ǵŮҳ߾ѶҲ飿
ؾ֮
սָ֣ЩŮʧˣʧٺܾ֪֪

ϢڶԵ֮
شүæȥջˡ
ԱĨʣҪô죿
ңô죿شү˻Ĩᣬɵù𣬡ҳߣߵģ

˿ֿջ
¥ٴλáӸ߿ȥ羰ãܿϵĺţһƬƮҡ
СѾֹһ̽ˡ
С㣬ǻظ𣿡
һϮѩӰȲ衣δɢں˳ķ˿ŶññͶǳǳӰ£¶Ų԰СһС
ȴ֮С
ģĵȴɡ
˵䡣
ջ¥ݴһ󶯾
ŤͷһֻһȺڳǹظļҶ͸ͽǰΧסһϺõ͸˵С㣬ظ
ʽȴҪˡ
˲ȥ˶ʱǿġ
ԪȻЩСϸڣ²豭˹ظ¥СѾ΢΢ЩŵĸԼСﻹǾò˼ָˣС˵ҪôǣǲôŵģҲˣôҲû뵽˻Ļǻظ
ظá
ƽһӼŮ׾ڿ͵
شү˸λϣľŵˣһϢҳ
ǶԼֵλ󷿶Сȴұֵ̫ԣֻתš
Ԫܿ챻˴
Ʈݵѩȹǰһ̴档
ȴŭ£ɶŭΪŮð
Ԫ̧ͣŴˡȶԷŭȴŵ޺Ц⡣
ΪΣ
һʡ
Ͷ
μôδ˭Υ˵汻һֶܳŮΥʡΪΡڴ
Ŵ˵ɫ֪һҪʲô
ʹ˸
ɫƵĴʹ͸ԪΧϡ
ȻҪǿ˹¡
ʦҪػΪһôˣظҲûҪȥ
˵
ԪһɫѱĹشү񰲺ãصջӵ
лδȴû˵ȥ
תӰӭץĴ|׳͸΢΢ֵ̧һ£ƽľٶȴ͸ҽһ
ɤŴˡ
϶˱ҪȵĴһ
ûü
شү͸ȳȥ
ʱ
˵Ҳ˵ʲôֻšŹشү˵ȶ˳ȥ
趼ýгȥˡ
ֻʣˡ
شүԪӵĻ
ԪšһδͷʱҪ뿪ӡ
˿ӻϴܣ˻ػɺͳôһңҲûУ
ΪͳֺΪԪʣܿ򣿡
˶ʱɫ࣬
˵شүϵһ۴ˡһ۾Ͳ̫ϲֶŮģЩȴҪε֪飿
ԪߵһżȻ֪һλ»˵÷Ƶ
Ӻε֪شүʣЩŭ֪£Ϊʲô˵
˵ݱľ棡
ԪƵչ鸮ܵӣɵݣп޴˵óȻϡ
شүٴο۴ˡôףôô©
˶Ŀ⵽˵ʲôסˣֻｫԪ޵øװģģ
ȻӻΪβ
˼ǲܡ
һ˼ǲܡ
ġ
شүͻȻʶֶŮ濴ô䣬Ӧ֮С
ٽһ֪Դ
Ǵ֪ЩϢģ֪鶼˵ЩҪϵؼҡ
Ż̬ȣЩų⣬ǿԼϿҵذѻ˵ꡣλֶŮףؼѣΪؼһӵҲùȵȡ
ϢԴⲢҪ֮ӦǾǳСȣػһƿС
˵©졣
ԪԿһ¡
Ȼ󣬲Ž취һһҪعү̶ˣȻҪ̫ǰȥ桭


54 װʶ
徲Ժ
һƬڳرߡмɽ̨ͤ¥󡭡ƺһ˼ҵ˽լԺ
һ½վеͤ, ɡ
ͤﻹһˡ
ʤѩ, ɡ
ͤ, ǰһ٣޳ָ, ĵţɢɡ
ͤ棬Ӱѿ֮, δǾʼ̸
һòӢᡣ
һǸ٣߶, ˵ĸоף˿̣ѩ۹ӵȴܹԼһ˿յ
, ˡˡ
ָ⹴ҵĶ΢΢һͣ, , ˣ
µ
˽ջĶע, ԭΪһʧû뵽˸Ϣˡ
á
ֶ֪һЩйصϢӽæߵĹһ, ʾϽӻ
ƻûи˵Ծ, ְڶԷ, ƽ, 뿪߳ǣпܵķݣһص˹ϵС
ˡ
ֻڵûȡ˶Է
¸ΧѺһ˻Ƕ˺пܸ鷳Ȼ˵ǲ֦ܽı˲ϲ
ֻߣⱾһ֮֡
ҲھǱƵ֮һ
˽Ʊ棬ļԲȣݡ߳عٸΧڽֱʣԱһλҹ֮˲ϡ
˼ţ㡣ȷʵϿô򵥣˵ƣֲȻ˵Ƕֲڡ
¿һЩʱգǻᾡҵ٣Щ׵ӹ
޷֮٣ĳв²⣬ĳоϣ߶ãҲ뿪ˡ
ºβգ
ٳڼڲɵ飬֮⣬ĳˡ
˵λվͶһֻȻɵš鴦꣬뾩Ѱҡ
ɫӦһǡȴ룬δ˵̫Լ£λȴƶָƣλ常û͸¶鰡
*
ݡ
Ԫ븮󣬾ڸסȻϲʳסϣûйΪѣ߱شүҲûʱ
ؼ̶ӱٸѺ飬Ȼûдȥڸȴ˲ٷԴڹүķ֪Լүǿεȵȡ
˵شүǱ̫رͲŻģȥ̫ذѹүҲͻ
ֵʱдŵȲŵȥùضү顭
ˡشү϶ŵġ˽һֻǹشүү⣬˶֪ò֪࣬øðȻ󵽾ȥָô̭ǣ
ظһȼɹ
ڼ䣬Ҳ֪ءظϢˡ֪ءǸԳصģһȺ޼
޲̴ȥˡ
Ҳֻѡ
ҹ
ǶʱͻȻЩسָǴǣֻҪȰ˵
ûϵġ
ܿа취ǹظۣǽ嵽磡֮ܽޣ

ظƫԺ
һʱɨ᷿
ԪһѰС㴩ҪšǰѾһɡͳ˸СѾһ·Եúܸˡ
С㣬ãԺһֱˣʳסж˰š׼ţСѾҲ
סׯϵӲ𣿡
Сܻؼ˰
ؼô
ԪҲ֪뵽ʲôһ˿ϸ΢ʵķľµһȦָֻ糣
Цһ¡
ȴû˵ʲô
һ·˳ׯ϶ȥ
ѻصݣȫ˵ׯϡׯӷ޹˵ҤΣװЩǮơԪڿ֮󣬱һһĿȥ
˵ˣ˽йСʶֶ£˱Ԫк󣬿ּ޴ݣͷ΢΢һЦˡ
ׯȻ޹
ȴû˸ڴ˹ҹ
ҪЩǮʱЩ¶ɫׯôˣҹҵѪȵľԼ¡ֲΥԼ᲻ЩǮ鱦ҲȫĸԸ
ԪԴ˲֪նѡַԸȥһ˽ӣǸȳСׯá
ҹصݺ
ûǻ˽ӣ˽˵ĸСйע
ôСׯϡ
ҹҲŶȥĳ̶ֳʾá£ȺˣܲԶˣѲ⣬ɲ
һѲƸǰܻһЩ˼⣬Ѷڴ˴̫ãܿͻó
¡
ԪһˣɡݳתһȦѰ˼ҩãΪһȦһ˼̲ҩŹಡͷһʱӴҩļ
ȻѰЩҩġ

мȺУС̯ʳֻ֬ۡĿԪɡţڻظ·ϡ
ѵС
ֵҲһζ
һϸꡣ
͸Ӧˡ
ɢţ۽ȻƳһĨϤĻɫ
ô첻ǰ⣬һѻѤɡŻ
ɡѹЩ͡
΢Ӱɡµݡֻܿһֻ޳ƯָɡǣƯָԾ
ںڵķ˿
ô˳Ʈݵ˳ɢ

һ˲Ĵ
ĿⶼûнӴ
ɫӳһ˲ԪѾɡѹֻ뽫Լ˶ס
˹Ȼݡ
ǡü΢΢һλãʯŻöԷȹȥװµˮС
رܵٶȡĿⶼܿ죬ȴѽԷһоСһЩӴʱδ̫ϸڡ
һɫȦ
нָ
ЩǽӴƤĶ
зӹָ⡣ţһᡪ
ҩˡ
Ԫߵͣ⡯ѡ
ͳĴߡ
лл
ԪƱһתҴҿһۺæ½ҩ
ȴЩ
ŵķУƵԲ֣ľпָˡ
ҩ̧ͷ
Ͷһ˫аȵӡƺЦаһΣյζ
һ˫ӡ
·궼ᱻȥ
ҹš
ֻ¡
ʱŶδ¶ò˿̱㲻ʶ
ԪǴһܱܣȻܲ
㡭
Щķһڡ
ΪעӵЩ̫Ȼˣ޿ˣײϣҩֵˣȥɡײ˶Էɡһʱγ
Ǹ
ЩһԷˤȥ


55 ʱ
ɡ䵽һԡ
Ԫ΢΢ЩǱˤԷϡץ֡ҲץסǴɫķ顣΢, Ƶָ, ֤ʵ˼ֲ²⡣
Ӧ٤ľɡ
ĿĺȷȻ, ˳ԶԷϵ֮Ƿ㡣
ҲʲôҲС
ҲųһЩܣ֮, ޲סֻ룬ûŵζҪ֡ѵˮһ롣
ʱ
ԭɡˤҲûҹţͻȻҪվʱ, ץסһ
־
ҲѲˣô첻ײϣɫӰڡ
͡
, ̧ͷ⺬⿴ſҡ
ƽ
ƽЩ
ҹųɡŽק˻, ɡµ, һ޺, ΢΢Цţðȴûɿ, ׽ɫѵ֡
ϲ˴
رŮӡЩŮӣһţ֪ΪΣǰȴų⡣
෴ЩϲΪ׽ľ, ϵζԽԶˡ
֬ζ
һֱе嵭, ܺš
ץסİ, ϸ, ϸָ⣬Ѷ΢΢һ˿ס
ԪģԵø˿΢ңС԰׵ûѪɫӦɲС˵ϥ/·ײȥ
¶书
һЩѰʽǿϵģ
ҹɫ΢΢һڡûϵľ͸ĵʽ
а취ѹƣ׻һˣЦЦܿһǲġײС
ˡ
˵ᡣ
ȴڻζŲĵ
Ԫɫ̧־һ⡪
ѰС㱻ᱡӦԣȽһŽţ
ȴһαץס
ʱȻָ˹
ٶ֡
ƾ
ԪĿ̶ӣ΢΢ҪϮȥΣ
֪޷κβ˶Էĵһѹ±ŭ⣬΢ɢüĿ齥ָȻ
á
ҹɿ֡
ԪһԲ룬ҩɡҲ˵Ŀ⡣
תߡ
ҹûֻһ˿ζЦΪ㣬Ȼһ뿪ݣԽһС
ԪŲ΢΢һ١鵭糣ȴ˳Żⲻɫ˼
ε
ἰǡְʾѾĶ롭һЩ²⣬Էʣ˾ǣҪοʼ
˾ǡ
а취¡õȻҲĽãڴ֮ǰһ䡮ǡϹ
Կ㣬Һθɣ
仰Լƭˡ
ҺαƭԼ
ʶһβ̹ϣ
ʶ֣Ԫ΢΢תʣҹ֮ˣ
޵Ļȣüԡ΢Ļǿ佱
Ԫ΢Цٶ˵
ҹջϵĿ⣬΢ɾ룬ģݼţϧǰ˭ܵõİ"
ڴ˴δʡ
ǹｫĳñ顣
ĺô˲Ԫ˵⣬پҩ뿪ȷͼıͼıܾҲٴ
ô
ʱ䡣
һ˿δЦ˵Ȼƻԣ˵һѳɶֵ飬ݾܾһ˿ء
Ԫ΢΢һ£ûлش𣬼̶ֻӰܿʧȺСҹҲûֻЩϧĵһ䣺ϧˡ
ͬһˡ
*
Ԫһ·ظ
̤ƫԺͿԺȲ衣ŹʵѾ͸վԱߺš

׷ͶĴĿ⡣
һݸ߹ġҰѾͷ̬ȡ
һ͸ĿڣСǴǻôﻹšֶ
Ǽҩȴ͸˵úʲôܼ˵Ķ
СǾɼַˣ
ϰ徲ӲӦϵء
ǸϵѰ˼ĽģЩ˰ƫûܡ
²Ҫأ

һȺƵѾһָͨɣ
ԪˣȴɫȻ߽ȫûе̬֮
סڣԽ˵Խˣ
ֱʱ˼ԵĳѾӡȻ󣬿Ԫ¶һĨеЦݣñȥЩ˾Ͱҽӣͷ÷ǡ
ԲԵĻ
ԪʹҲ⣬ߵǰáһ֣Ǵһ˿Ц˵ȴֱп͸鲻ʡ
ע¡
ԼαЦݿҪֲȥǳȥҩּʵĹ
Ԫ㡰šһֻӶԷ̬ȣͲµбĿġ
㲻Ѻõ΢ϵ
־ؤ/һ¡
ǡءܱǰӡ

ﲻԷ̬ȣϰֲԵļ˵רŲˣҪֱӷԸһУȡ
лѡ
˵лˣұһˣѷ֣øջصϣϤ⣬ԺѣҲҽ㡭
ؼˡ
ƵĻظı䲻ϧʵ¡
鿴Ԫӣֱ޵ҪԼڳϷҪΪ˽ļƻûģ
ͷ
ЩӲ
ڸסÿϰߣ
пɡ
Ǳãϰ߻Ժ󣬱˵һֱסڸˣ˵ɫŶԷı飬һֱסڸ϶ԶԷһǺܿɣ
ϾôĻأ
Ԫ΢Цһ£ʣѰҿʲô£ʮ
ȴǿҪûˡ
黹кܶ໰û˵꣬Էˣ˳ֱ⣺ģÿһʮ壬Ƕȥɽԭ볣ãҡûѶȥɺãȥΪΪؼ÷ӴҶܶɹ˽١
˵ϡ
鲻ԪӦԪȷʵҲӦˣΪЩɡ
Ϊڸϡ
ܻһЩ鷳Ѱ
һȺѾ뿪Ԫ徲ûһֲѰûˣ֪ԷΪΡ
ү̶ӶѺ߳ǣ˱ȻѰȥ¡
ڴ¡ľԪԤϡ˵¸Χʱ棺
ɹΧһ
ܵȫΪ
ץסѱ
Χѹɡ
ʣ¶ȴɽԵãֻѡһ̫óͣԹү̶ӵΪвɡ
ץסѱֻؼҷ˽һ˲飬ܲ鵽˼ҡ֮϶̰ŵߡ
һŹ͵ƽơ
һðŵ̫ءؼԼ˼Σս鳹顣
ķ
Ԫհݷó¸µ˵Ϳ¸˼Ǻѡ
⡣
Ȼǰߡ


56 
ү, ˡ
ɫ㲶ƣĽһŵݸشү
˵ʲôˣ
شүӹȴûŴ̫ͱеԺ, ڿʵˮû, ͹ˮ
˵˵ʲô, Ҫ£ЩҲͿҪ˶ˣ˵ڴҲûǮŵĿͷҲҪ׬, Ǵˮİ
شүĬһ¡
"Ҫ٣"
һԹ˵ӡ
ùشүĵһ
űô˺޺³һ
һǧ
ʲôشүҭֵĲˮҪôʲô
˵ʵ۱ٳ, Ҫ˵̫̫ݲ̫䣬ҲҪòӡ֮һҪӵĿǰǵǮׯˣ
Խ˵Խ, ڶԹشү˵, ҲһЩǨŭ֮⣺ϳô, Ų鷳, Լ˼УǵãһžҪǻͣ
סھǣȱӾֻҪЩ, Ǵ󷿡жۣΪǿһ, ھһǧ, ǶԱ, ȫǺˣ

ͷ
شү÷ȴҲ֪˵ûųĬһ顣
üͷ
̫Ѩû˵ֻԼѹɽһҪ
̶ӱѺһ˼Ѫ׬ҪЩڽսˡʧģһʱ仹õóô
ɽ¡
λϵһɽİɽϡɽˮλǼõģдԿɵɽŵɽŴٲоžŰʮһ̨ױɵɽ¡
ɽһֱΪʢһͷɽϣɼһȺȺе
Ȼаʮһ̨ףŵĸԣ˼ҶԾԵùˡֿһɽе·УֻҪԷЩʱ䡭
Ԫɽʱʱ֡ͣºȹ³䣬˰ɡৡسſֽɡӰ£ںڵķš
ʷƵš
ǳɫȹƮҲѰ˴һȹڷڼĹԵùӹЩ
Ԫ̫ǿңǼ򵥵ڣоֹжصζС
С㣬
ѾšʮֵشһСĹ鿴ִɡŮ;Ķ¡
벻ˣһ»ҰѾͷû棬ϲ̨ŶԣôͲմȾһϰأ
ȻĽʺޣȴƹίء⡯ѣã´³ɲô³çˡŮҵΪҪ˿ȥɻ˵ؼҵĹûġ
мָɣ֮⡣
ԪδŰת㾶ֱȥˡӦЩСϷ
С㣬ҼСڸ˵أߵ͸Щȥˡ
ûע
Ԫ΢΢ͣԺſڵ̨ϣż־Ӹ£ǸƵ
Сгӭӡ
ǿһĨЦ˵û¡˵ʲôʲô޻һ
Ѿ͸ʰһЩҪԺĶóȥһСеĴ½Ժ簲źõ㷿Ъ
ٲ˻⡣
һĹԺſڵƬ̣һ²ɵͣ£һλЩӹ׵ĸˣԼһλģЩꡣ
ƫѧ湫Ӱ˱ӡ
ǰȰȡ
ȡ
ˣϽȥɣСү𣿡
ͷλںѿ׵ĸˡЩģһλԼҲûʲôɫ
Խˡ
ֿʼͷꡣȴǱģûԷҲ⣬ϾҰѾͷ´࣡
Լӣ;Ǻǡ⺢ƽվûЦˡɣʺãɾλҪһԵأ
ݹؼϹϵ
˵ĺ¡ĵ￴СңԷΪ棬ڰͽһֺη
үŲ鲻Ըá
Ȼ󣬾ͿʼûûƤġòĴ֪ǹﳤƯƯ²᣿ҪǸεε˶źá
˹ֵĻ
ǹؼҹҲƲϵģ
Ժ
ŮסԶпͣһҲֿţҴ˼źҲ࣬˲ٵԺӡ
ԪԺڡ
һǽѾǵ˵
ȻҲΪľĿԭ
ڵ֡
ܰûаź˵Ӱӡ趼ûһݳҪ˶ţжЩ¶ˡ
ûá
סڵĹѾӹˡСԺûأ㷿ŰڣûһԺ￴νǳֱ롣
һ˶ûУʵ̫ˣеʲô¶ʹҲûС
ֱݺڴϿԪһ׽ðȻѯʣҪҴ߳˸㣿
Ȼʡ˵ſȴͲԺһʹûвźã
ԪɢǶ̬£鵭ȻһƤ棬ðŻ̧ͷ鿴ȥţ𣿡ɢ
鿴ЦݾЩ΢΢ҧѾԼСίͲˣС㣬ҼСƣ㡢ôܲһأ
ԪԷЦɢˣĪҪᡣƣͦ徲ģҺϲ
Ȼ徲Ǳȵù续羰Щϲ̨ҰۺöˡǵЦݣˣҴĴɣ
Ԫ룬á̫ٺˬҲԳȥ˳㽫ΧȻҲ޲ɡ
ǳš
һȺѾӡ
ɡһ·гŮǾסĵط
ȻҲѾɡɾͼԪ⸱ģ಻мһƬԺʱ˽Ųɫ˸λá
ָŲԶĻ˵ƯҪҪ࿴
Ԫ㿴һۡĿ漴ƣһſԺǽͷҶӰӰϡϡɱŴ֮ɫЦݣˣЦٺ١ˮۣ˶үϲ
Ժǽ»С˵Сĺʡ
үүû
Ԫĵţɫûʲô仯·Χһ鶼޹һ
վԱߵĹɫȴЩ̫ãа˾䡮롯ͬʱߵѾѾ
˾ٱӦҪ󣬰ŸԷп˻ʮһ

ۼִˡ
Ժǽϻ˵үŴҴǽȲҪȥ顣λŶϲȢǸУȻҪһȢĻ͸!



57 Ϊ
Ժɮ
ô, , ҴԺǽȥ鿴
ոûŰɣеʡ
ް, 徲أҲлƣԪ, ɫƵǰΪӣʳ
һ
ĪĲ
ЦЩǿ, ǡǵģλʦһὫǵͽӾٸ
ԪÿɷĵţѰ˸, ͬУԺɽŲΡ
ɽλӸߴ
ɽΡ߼Ϊվ̨ͤ¥ߴ, ɽС
̳, Ƽ
һչͼ

ɽͤߡԪӭ羲, 鵭Ȼ, ԶƬããƵʾͷ£۶֮ڡ
ǡ
ĳȨĸۡ
˿֮ڶϯｻűɴ¶۵輧, ƮҡҷһɫľȨӼ䡣
Ц, ɢص, һ|컴⡣
һλȳ˸ǷĹ, Զ§绨С輧顣
˵ڵ飬ɶȴܴ³С輧кӯӯȴҿޣֺõţҲʱһλŴľŮӻ˳ĵӹ˹èţ¡
ŨŨĽû£֮˽С輧ƿקŴľŮ뻳
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һ˵󡣳輧|϶˵СϢˡ
ſŮеš˹չһۣ輧ҲдʲôСĵĴսУǷű㻯Ϊм
ȻѾȫˡ
Ϊеݡ
𲻶Σڹ˸
ЩȨӵܼŶдʲôðȻѰʣֻʲôûзһѰ֡
ֻг輧֪дʲôֻ仰ȴص㡪
ʦǻݡ
һй֮˼Ϊע

Ϧ䡣
һƬϼƲʡ
ɽµ¥ͤԪ̰徲һֱû뿪ʲҲȡͤСһ¡˻Щ룬ɢҲ붯
Ҳûá
ɽбӰ˳ôԶԶһۣ֪˭΢΢ü
ɽխȶԷͤ
ٺ١ˣǣɰүҲ羰νǰ£¶һ꣬ʤȴ
Ԫɡߡ
үòҵ뿪־ƤЦѽٺ٣ѽ¶|ǵĿⴹ̰شŽǰ˶
Ԫɫǰߡδͣͬѹһ㣬ͬʱɡǰһ飬ӿүʱһɡеֱ۷·𱻵һʹ
СæԪ
ֽɡһӣУʵһҲ󣬵Сֻɡƴ˸ʹʱ͵ڵϰû
ˮĹС
Ԫûͣ¹ŲҲûж˵һ仰Ҳû̫ܵӰһ·صסϴﴦĹ飬ƵĳɡʱЩ⡣
ôôͻˣ
Ԫ΢ЦŷʣҸúʱ
黰һҭ֪ΪΣ϶ԷЦݣͲ벻Ȼ
ͺ˽Է֪һ
ԺΧΪɽˮʫ羰续ΪûأֵЦȴǴǰҲûУ˶ס
ǴûͤסⲡʲôһҼҶͤ˯˷׵鶼óˣٷʲô飬ҲֻܹԼ㡭ȾǱͻ¾Ǳ޸Ǵһּ
ɽˮ羰ڲĶޡԪǰȥ
Ծµ˼ĵһϲϼ֪Ĺʣʲô£
һ
ʲô
ǰΪӣ߱س
ɫϵ齩˽⻰ʲô˼߳ŭ飬ըˡһֱڰŭ¶
Ԫȴûشݣ˨ˣһ±ûϼ̶Ϸšɫ׽ӵվԺЩŤѾһȰż뿪
صԼԺӺ
ίһſ|ϱѹĿţһȺѾӶãѾ֪ǸҰѾͷĹ׷ΪԼҹƽ
Դ˵⡣ôҶԹ񡢵Ҳĳ̶ȣ

ҹ
Ժﾲĵġ
һӰԪڵԺӣغûվȾȲ㷿ȥС۾͸˷аš
˨ǻģŲûйʵһƾͿˡ
ﲻǴ/齡
Ƿµġ
谵ʲô
ү·Ѿ壬ֻѪҺڷڣ|ܵô֣ƿӾ͡ٺ١Цȥ
ȴ˸ա
chuang/ûˡ
ĵһΧֻͷ뱻졣æŤͷȥֻһǳɫӰȥ
˱ߡ
æ׷ȥ
ɫӰߵòȴôҲ׷ϣԺţ˸䣬СԺȥ
˨Ե
ԺűӰƿ
үһĶǽֵɫ޲Ҵ׷СԺѾڵӰĻ͵س˽ȥ
̨һյ͵ƽϨ
齵˯ǰҹѾʱһ¶һ˯գᱡ/¶İļһôʱ˿̵үѪ|š
ʱ/ҩҩȻͷΨСɫ֮һ֣/ɫǰǻǵ
¶ǹؼλﰲŵģǹؼҽŮʲôµأ
ǹؼҵС㡣
Ȣ˭һ
ү˵ϵͬʱƬâɢȥڸڵԺ
âճһĨӰƾڷ
ԪЩѣƬ̺ȥ˳ִ˵յʣȼϵľȼ
ɢĻ⣬ʶڲ֪лɢһƬѪɫӻʢ
һ˲䡣
ĵٴĸдѾ˼Ҳ˼֪ѱڸһƬѪɫ滨Ե
ûеڵϡ
Ѫһֻס߲ԻõӰ£һƬɫҡҷ
һ档

һּлưҹ
ѾӱѺ룬ͷ׷ӿ봫еĶ﷿Ϳ׺䶥һĻ
ǼҶıһеıڻ޺ԱѾôҲеļֱħһӻϻΣ룬˲֡

ҪƷ
һвĿ
һв
Ѿְ˽ŵ㽫ҩͷȫ޵ү󡣾˴ŻˣӸӹĻ⣬ҪյԺӣͻȻ˺öɮˣæָ˴ˮ𣬲ӿԺӣǸϽȳȥһⱻ
뿪
Ķﱻסû޺ѾŵҪˣû
ǹ/˻Ůˣ͸ûܰסʱһһġ~
Ҳ֪ôû˶͡
æĴ󲿷ɮ˶ˡ
ǵĿⶼЩŹиʲô°



58 һƬ

δ
ֻջ˼ӡ
ؼС, ҹ˸˳ȥ¶, ɮȴ֪ˡ
˽, ̽, ֪ߵǲԡ
ȷû󣬶뿪ˣ¹ؼԼ, βϡ
ԺѾվšһɫŲ֪ʱĴ, ûʱֻļٵĵ⡣齫ԼԡͰһֱڿޡ޵, ˺ѷ, Ҫʹȥ, κ˽ӽ
Ȱ˽, ҴҿųѾҪ˵˵ﻹ֮
һǾͺãǾͺáȻôһŮ, ֵ绨, ǾôⱲӿô
ҪδС
ѹ, ֺ֮֮⡣ﱾЩݹϵ, ǹԴޡ
ԱһҲʱ廰æǰСţŲҪأ
ǹ߻ῴɫµˡ
⵱£Ҳˡ
⻰ŭҲһ˾ˣ

յ˰ߵ
үƵڵϺţǹѱű˸
Աߣ۶۵ҪôݵĹؼҼֱ͸ˡ
ʲô
ƾʲô˴ôƣ
˯ʲôϵ˭ùؼԼҪλС㰲ô˭ǶСҹҲţдҲҴ˵ضһӵѾӶ˴֪
Ҫú˵˵˭飿Ҷи̣ƣΪǹؼҼҴҵ󣬾ܲ
ûꡣ
ſֻʢŭ죬žžӣ
ۡ
˷޶ɢˡҲˡŵ۾
㡢Ҵң
ﷴһ⣬žֱ˴ƫڵء
վһЩŭ
ľ㣡˸ʲô
ҲһԶݺݵǰСǸõģ
˵꣬ݺݳϵүһš
һС
ǸʲôǻʲôҶǴӣǡǡǲҪ⡢ڿǵģ
͸Χסˡ
ҪС˵޺޵
ҪǻŻãǽСɣ
˵ױǼˣЩСĵʣʲô
ԭ˵õġЩҧгݣü޸ӵĻޣ
Ѿˡ
Ϣû©ȥǹŮ˶һҧ۵ǹأ˶Խҹ֮ؿƿ
䡣
ƽЩعζˡ
ˡô˵Ѿ׷Ҳ壬취ҪأλСʧףθ߲ʵڲҲùԹԼ޸ĹԶ
ԹԽԽþٿʱ˼ּӣ¶ô˵ȻôǣҶȴҪһٴи̣С޹ʲôã
ŭա
¼Ķ㣡ФŮˣҲԸʲôǼѾͷӶǿǣ
һͨƿڴоøȴФŮ˯ˣҪԺ˭ȢһлȢСͲȢʲô˵ģǶ׬һ˯ǧС㡭Ȼ뷨ûٱ¶ֺ˲ǣԾ̬΢ͬȴ뿪
֤Խҹؿƿ
ֻǶɽ¶ԹؼҶλСһ飬зԷﴫҲҪҧǶλС˽

ڴĸŮ
סڵĹӿʼڶûӰ
Ƕ˵֪ûšЩɮˣҲûòУΪҹζ࣬øϽҵҹ¶

һƬڡ
Ҳûа
Ԫʶ΢΢ѹʱ֪ںεأʲôطһֺʵǿҵУ֫ٺûжҲûۣһںڰеʶָ
ͣͣס˾磬޷䡭
ӦԪɢһҩ
۾ϱʲôƳһࡣоһߣɵò²ҲϣҲһڰӣҲֻΪ۾ϵĲǺɫġ
ǼͻȻŵһϤ㡣
Ԫбͷһ˲ý⡣

ô¡
ȻûԷǺʱ֡
ļֻԼǵá
صԼŪ˵ûӺ󣬾ĵĵȡɮǰȻʱٳ֮ļЩģˡ

˵ء
һʱ޷ȷԼ˶á
ڰУйٱΪԪܿ콥һЩˮоһЩ΢ҡΡ
ڴϡ
Ҳ뿪ݡ
ˮȽңԶҡ֮΢Ǵ󴬣̴Ϊ滹һЩ
֮⡣
仹һˡ
һֱڴֱĸо˵£ִڡ·һж¶ڶԷƤ¡
Щʱ
ԪѾǿǰһƬڡ־ȥǳ˼Ҳûܳڵ״̬ȻܶÿһüΪѾ
۾ϵĳҰʵҲûܳɫҲδ䣬ֻذףУЩϸ
һ̡
ذױˡ
ڰζŨһЩԪܸоõԷһܽʲôҲܸܵѹעӡ
ߡ
ζǼ⡭Ӳסˡ
ҡ
ԷЦһ¡
ָƽ˱ҵĳȡҲŪ۾Ҳҩ
Ȼһ˿вΣա
ԪĵһڽѹŭĿ˲ܼˣ
ҲΪá
Ƿ½áֵĺ⣿
˿⡣
һŮӣˡԭΪ䣬δҲǰС֮
Ԫǰ֮ˡ
һϮ»ɫۣӰ޳컨ͼڵ¡
ƤܰףѰԲһаŮӵòͬһ־мջԵĿΣա
ȻҹԪȪ֮ɣ
ֻԭһͷķ˿˿̺īȾδֺɢǰƶĴ˼룬˵ŭңûʲôô
Ȼ˵ﵹʱûʲôá
ĽǶȿȥ
ϵŮǳɫܿסС԰һЩҲ΢һĴ΢΢ʧȥ˼Ѫɫ̬ȴҲһ˿ˡ
̫ˡ
Σ


59 
ء
ҹŴЦаȡĿһ, ζһģ, Ц˻ȥ
˾
ԪžѹȸһЩ㽫°, Ҫʲôİ취δ, ûȥ
˵ˣֻʱ䡣

Ԫ˰ûнӻø졯ʱ䣬ǰգ, գС˴ˡ
пǵҹȪ֮ˡ
ô콫Ŀϵģ
ûصݱ°ʾȨλѹΪĹضү
ǾһƷ
ֻʦʦԪλ, ԼʵҪԱͲȴرЩȪΧľ, Ѱ, ԪһЩ, ˿ƲԷݡȱϢԴ, ⲿֲȱϢֻ뾩һһ롣
뾩ͬС
Ҳż˺ʣʲôʱ
ʱ
ʱ
ѾԶˣδɽˮؽ, Ȼ, Ͳ׸ѡȻ, , ֻҪߣʧϣѵβŲĻɡ
֮ˡ
֪ʱ֡
ĿҹţӦעҹŶǣơʱѰû뿪
ʱһһĹȥ
˼һ

Ԫ˷ǡеˮ΢΢ȥ
ҹΪԼƣ˹Ķ͸һˮɢšע⵽ԪķӦһָᵯ
ơٿһ
һ졣
Ԫߵ齼ϡ
еžӨȴһҲû
Ԫϵϸ΢ı仯
ҹһ˿δЦ⣬롣
Ԫƶһ£΢΢齼
ʵֱܴλá۾סˣйٻڣܲһЩ˲ģز书˫޷£׳ɹ
--
žһ
Ʊأշɽȹϡ
ס԰׵Ĵ˵ջ֣УڿŲԱƽ˵
Ҫһ䷿
ҹžٱڴߣ˵УΣ
Ԫײײߡƾֱߵűߣ뿪ųȥѰΪΪ
ҹ̽ζ㿴ľٶ

ڡڣ
˲Ӧ
ǸḾ˵飬ֻǿЩءɤҲЩĴߡ
뿪һ룬֪
ǣ¾Իᶢ뿪һ£
⹧ػˡ
һѰúܸḾˡʮңŷޣοͥҲѰ˴һЩָܺࡣ
һԪų
ڼҴƵЦӭϣʲôֱӷԸҾ͡
Ԫŷֱһ·Ϊ·ߵúҲҲרעû˵ʲô

Լоڽϣûʱ̧־볶۵ĳ޽Ǵᣬֽûɹֱס֡
Ҫط𣿡
ǺͰȴһ˿֮⡣
Ԫֻ÷شĴߡֱɿջУʲôҲûһ㡣
һҴʲôȥﰡҿ㾫񲻼áôȥϢðɣ
Ĵߡ
ЩΣֻøţȥԪҲҪ޷ԼߡңҺˡ

Щ֪˵ʲôˡ
Сɫ׵˴һƫƫŭƾǿƷƵ̬ȣЩͬҲ֪ʲôô䵽
˵ĻԹţҪΥΪá
Υ˻Σ
ܲҾˡ۾ϵĶӲȡǧȡңȻԿͷġ
лѡ
ԪȻл
ȴ֪Ƿ񽫻
ţһЩ顣
紬˶𣿶Щʲôˡȵ⡣
ﵽҲһһشˡ
ԪòһЩϢû̫ջ񡣶Ҳ֮С
ϾӿˣԲѰ׻

Ԫ˼ڴһȦߵüͣͣڵģô粽ŵֱץ
㣬Ϊż䣬²ѰͨνŲˡ
ÿһ
вϴ´һƬڰȴڶ
ȵǡ
ЩŵܿԶ
м˷ɿ߲ǰƶŵһڽܣˣĿǰõķˡ
ں̡
ǺǣǾס~ŮЦԽġǸɴɫȹŮӡ
۽ƳŻƣԽƣһվȻԵŮ
ЦŽȥҲŽߵݡ
űϵ
Ԫһ˲ǧ˼ǣе⣬ɺϣֻ
һֿܡ
ɳΪ
㿴棬ֶңҪǲСôҪȥ˰ɰ
ֿʼȰһ·֪Ȱ˵ڼˣ粽һСЩܡǶþظɷˡ
ҿһСһ㣬ߡԪ˵ţŻǰߣھǼѾšǻһЩ˵ķʱֿԵͣӡһ֮ˣ
ΧһȦɵ
мӲˮѺҪ»ر㡼ɵһ٣ʶȥרע
ĥǸе֣Ԫеһ˿֮ɫͻȻчĪ㡭
ǡһλѡҺܵԪ΢Ļش˾Щõζ
Щͬ̾Ҫ֪ھͻȥӣáΪ˵Ҳ֪֪Ҳ㡣
Ԫ΢΢Ĭһ£Ʒˡ
ǵûʹɡ
ҿҲҪȥɣ
һߣңҲɲظŵģϾڴϣӵȥأ
ﲻ˵ˡ
Ӱ˲˰ɣ
һŲ֪ʣʲʣҪȥԵ㶫
ҶЩͷۡС˵ǵô12־񲻿ɣһСľͻᱻ˻ȥ
ãǾͻȥɡ

֮뿪
ΧЩ̵İš
ȻĶԻˡ֣뵽Ǹ꣬һЩԸ˺¡
̡
֪˭һ
ȻҵĿⶼ䵽㡼ϡǶǱģҲܹһЩ뿪޴ȥ󣬶ߡ
л˵
١ʱУخȣٽʱΪСʱ09 ʱ11ʱ


60 Ż
ҹ
档
һС
һʤѩĹ, ơ
һѰϡһȡһ¯޹С
ûá
һλѰİ½ʹӰӹˮ䵽˻ϡһָ, ˰¹ӡ
͵, ˵Ц⣬Գơġ֮ɡ
ֻ, óƺΪ--
ĵ£Ϣ
Ϳеָϰŵˡ
еĵ¡
ĻӼ褣
գʦԪ̨ɽԪ̸ʱ䡮Żԣ, Եڽʢ
ȡСֽ˼żؼء
ء, 㡭ǰһֱ̫ףžΪλͬʱ˸Ȥһ°Ϊǡ
·˼伣ѰðϢ, ƾðʧһ
ֻʣһֱž°ߡùʦǿ°һŮ, ˵ȥ˭Ҳš
˾쳣
Īǡ
һ²⡣Ҫʱ֤ʵ, ڴ֮ǰ, бҪȽйصŮӾȳ
ھ֮ǰ
̽һ´бҪ

ǡ
һûʵĸۡɳһֻŸ롣ڴߵĻӣ֮ˡòθߴüӥһ
輧Kߡһϻױݶ޻ľŮ, ǹؼŮûʲôüֵ, ʦעŮ, бè塣
, ʲôè壬Ӿزǣڹػ֮ǸϺ꣬һѺڼǸϣɴǺ˵ĽɽֱֿЦǵ˼ʿ˱ӡ
Ӣ䣬Ǵľᣬӵ࣬ЩѪͳܱȵģػ֮ƥ򣬳ὫǱŮԹ͵Ĵ/ϡ
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һֻԸݵץס
ھӰ￴ݡȡţչɱŨҡ
ৣ
Ż˲Ϊֽм
紵ɢڿκκۼ

ĳԺ
Ѿܾ˵İİͷ鷿ŪһЩֽ˵ǴպʱὫϵϻͼ޶ɲᣬԻ־
ˮ¾лֻԶۣ棬ѰޣʶֽۣϣǰٻֽǺεȷɧ
δ䡣
һֳޣ٩Ӵ~־򣡡
ǸҡһѾӣ¶⣬β˵а
İԷе٩ȴҲ⣬Ѿȫŷôô׼պܻһͼ
뵽
ۻ
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ȣҪ뿪
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ͲôҴһġ
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ͣǸ⣬Ͳ֪ôۡ
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İѸое㷢
Ťͷһ
վſڽϳŭɶСӣǱɷ棬ʲô
ⲻڸ̸
͹֣š
ţ¼Цˡ
־Ƿ˶Ŀһ¡˵¸յһϢҪ֪š
ǺϢ
ڱٸΧˣ˴λկһʬڳʾڣһ䲻ţ
¶ͬ飬̾ȴִһ˿٩ЩЦݡ
ԳԾȣֳ¹ڼŭٸϣҲ֮е¡
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˭ȥ˻飡ȥæ

ۼӶֿʼִ
ǹԾǡ
˼ҵļ¡һʵڲԹۡҲһʱ

дƺɽۼˮġ
Ԫ󲿷ʱ䶼ڻ˯״̬жɹ٣пġ
ٽʳ
Ҳ˵
ʱ䶼ﲻȥ
ˣҹš߸ó֮Ϊž㣬ȴûзɶԪļӡ䣬Ԫﲻע֮ʱ΢΢ҿһǣдɣѡҹ
ԼԼо΢ߵһ˲䡪
ʹ̡
ʲô
ֶߵ߽
Ԫû˵ָҲ뿪˳̫ѨĶ֪ʱ仰ʲô˼
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Ū۾
Ҳҩ 
ʱΪ˼ھȡͻҩ
ֱڣĺ⡣ȡ³˫ۻܵˡһٶˣδ̫ˣ
кŭ⡣
ȴֺ
ȥ͸¶һЩϢ㡼󣬾һֱڵȣȶԷЩ
Ϊʶ㡼Ϸǻɡ
ʱӦòˡ㡼Ҵʲôԭ򶼻עһӽ
һ˵
㡼ڴֻɺϣҲĹעҲİ취ľܽУָɵжֻʱ⡣

Ԫصʱ
ѶһֽڱҴҾߵײʱУġ
Ӧòǵ֡
Ĳ²Ѱ˸Ὣֽչ֮˴𰸡
ֽ֣ȷʵǱдɣͨױϳ
ʶС
µ˼ӦǡǾʶˣǸС
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СʹӦŮץ̫ͻȻˡ50¡Ϊӡ޸һ¡ǰŮȪʱǱĳקġŮһϵԼǹ˼ŮԪ̨ɽλԪûֱӶץˣȷŮԪûϵֱӶ֣֪һûб~~o(>_


61 Ƣ
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ǸģƽƽİѮ, һͭҡ, ϿһƾɵƲڿҪԪʱʣ
С, ۾ô
ʻݣЩͻأ, һʳȴ㲻֡
֪Ԫڻش𡣵Ҳ΢΢ͣվԱĿⲻɫشаԾ衣
ʦ
ӴκﶼҪ⡣
˱źʣΪβѰҽһ֡ҾҽҰɡ˼
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ҡͷԣƲҪɶʱħұãС￴Ե, Ѹɣ
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￴ȥ˽ӻǸҡײƭϽС߰ɣ
һЩ, סҪԪԵ⣬Ǹһ
ԭò
Ԫֻ˵, û˵ֹ𣿡
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ղŻϡ
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Ϊ㿪ҩⷽӵǮźмŰ˼
ԪʣǮ
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Ԫû˵ˡ
м״ЩҪˣǮ٣СҲҪҺڵġ
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б㿪ʼͱдһҩָë֥Ρ
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ΪˡİɢİΪ֮Ĥ磬Ѫ֮ͨ
Ԫõҩ󲻾ñǡ뿪ʱһֱ˼еĻǮ塢գָë
ظ塣
һضʱ䡣
ʺʱá
Ի
ᵽİƵھʮʱУİӦʱΪʱ
պʱɢԷܴպ֡Ϊβֻ֮ߣֻǿʼ
ҹȪʱ״̬
ҹԲ֮ҹ
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Ԫһ·˼ɻ󣬻صﲻãֱҹ
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޹ζЩŨ΢΢ڱǡܸоõﻹеˡǸڴһֱֺ׵Ĵ
·뿴ʲôһ
žؿֻĺꡣһ޳ָ΢Ⱦ֭ˮ/
ſ˵Ȼ
ȻԪǿġ
һԵŮȴܿĿ¶ԾޣȴֲҶơ鵽鵭ӦŮ
򣬳Ծ֮ɫɢȥ
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Ԫܿܲ³žĿġ
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ž㲻ص˱裬ָһӼ䣬豭ȵԱߡ
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Ԫܸоõڶ˵ɶҪӦҲ˵뵡š
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⸱ġ鵭һ仰ҲԸ˵ģѵõ¶ˡ
ﴽԪŶһ̧֡
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ԭ˯ϵԪֻһԿܵķϮһк˸׶ѣʧأӦʱѱžϡˮһǳɣºڷҵɢһƬȴֱ˻ȥ
΢΢쿡ϣЦаȣֱ飬˵仰
Ԫ֪ƲҲˡĵһرĻȼա
Ѿӵ԰׵ɫӲ԰ˣһ㱡ıѩǱıѩǰ顣
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ܻᰮϧһԼץұͼסˣԸ㲻õ
žһƷ˿ָƣô˵Ըˣ
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ϵľƱɹ顱һǽϡ
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Ԫƾһŭټһ
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ģµҲԽԽƣֱѰˣ޷ٷֱ˭˭
Ҫ޻˵֪ҵݣ䲻ܳ裬Ҳ֮ŮܻᰮϧһԼġ
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ڡʮʱʮʱӦġ˵ʱ䣻İʱΪʱʱָ19:00~21:00


62 Ƣ
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Ԫ΢΢һ, ֪Ҫʲôˡڱ΢΢Ƭ̺, ˼Ŀڡ
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žû˵, ֻЦŵġҪ˵ʲô
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Ϊز֪ĵĴڡ
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һŮ֮ŻԪԭŮ⣬ʲôⷨûϸ˵
Ԫ֪㡼ļƻȫ
صһֻ֣Լ֪

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Ԫü΢Ļһ㲹ϣŵĸ֣˲ƽֲ֣˵˾䣬ɸȥɡ
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63 Ƣ
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Ͽɽ, ʯᾣһЩӲľĺɫ, ɽʯľצһӰɶѱ档
ڰɳɳ졣
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
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ʱ, 뵽ʲô, һ䣺ʲôʱˡ
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֪Ϊδ˸սþܡҲҺСû档
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ӰԶȥ
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Ůе˻ߣ氲ȴ΢΢ЩţҲûнЩԻϡ

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ǰһƬʲôҲйޣһҲϰء

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ĳ޵ɽ¼䡣
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ǾҪͻȳŮɡ
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64 ˭̽˭
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ںҹиһεѹȸСͻɽʯȫס, ˿ȻҲͬɽϵˡ
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ڵõ˶ԷĬ㲻ٵԪֱ۾ߣ߰ɣЩ˾Ҫɱˣ鵹ȻҲûʲôǾٶ̫ûй˼ɡ
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ǹɝڣʱһκεطۣ֮ɻʹ
ҹŻɡ
Ҳݡ߳ػʱ˺ۼ
Ҳڵ״йϵ
Ȼֻǻɡ
ûҪʱټĻɡ
̽ƾ֣ôϵ
Ա¶
ڝصȴչǰ
οһڰйע
ЩɱֲԶҹšȻδȫƻӦֹڴˣô֮󽫲ͷϷ
Ԫ˼ͬʱ˳·ǰߣʰ˸֦̽·˵ģϷҪȫףڣǿʼ
һ֡
㣡

ͻȻһӵѰߣƽƽͨͨ
ͳԷٿǰŸоŲ
Ǹ书ġ
Ǻˣ
ͣ½Ųʣûлͷ
Ҽҹҵǰȹ˵ػȫЩ뿪
ĵô
ǸûʲôáֻŮļƻĻˡ
ԪţҲϵĵͷӦһ䣺ãˡ
ȻŶԷһ·ҲǺԶɽµĺ󷽱һٵ·
ͣһ۵
Ԫ̽ӣ䣬ϳǰһڣˤ䵽·ߡ
ˡ
˵˾䡣
Ԫ̽һתͷݣ𣬳ꤶջֲ˻ȥӴĺڰ˸΢΢Ϣ
Щˡ

Ԫתݷȥͬʱ
ɽϹעεĺ¾˿ŮЩɱץסߣͬʱҲˮ֮˾ߺԥһ£Ҫµķȥʱ
ǰлһֹꡣ
гҶٿƮȥ
һӰǰվںڰ⽻紦ѳģĬУׯ¡֮ĹӰںڰɽɫΪ֮ɫ
ҹӰ
иһ˵ѹɵ
ʹú¾˲ɵĵ΢΢һʶսĵʣ˭
ҪԵͳƽıû˿˸е
¾˷ȥǹѱ룬Щûʱ˷ڴˣʣɱ⣬ȾУ
ÿ
㣬Խҡ

¾˱ͻȻֵ·
Ͽ尶ҲԪֻҹȵƻȴҲһ塣
档
мʮŸͷĿԶɢͬĽΧ
ϳڽĻŮʹͷҲ˵֪Ƿ¾úﲻ̫һ˵
·Ӻ
ĲɵıֱϵȡҲ֪ôӻû


65 Զ
ҹ¡
ɱץס˰Ů, Դвž㡣
ȴžҲû
ڴҲ˸, ҲûѰټ, ʧ˲ֻ֣ڳˡ
ѾץҪץˡ
Ҳ㹦һ
ս
˵Ķˡ
ϿڱԭΪš
󴬵ĲкˮȼšƮһЩʬһһİ߻йˮ, 褰ʤѩڵ񻨵Ļǰš
һƬǽۣɫ
ʱ򰶱ߵʮ
ϵİ½ͼǣʩչṦ, ӹˮ䵽ϣǽ̸Ƭ̺ˮ淵˻뼧˵Щʲô
С
δͣƬ̡
ʻһƬϿ, ֱҲЩʿ˱շԸƺ顣
ϾҲϰգþȵľȸǮǮ֮ǽʿ, »һԭġ
, ҹɫˮ
Ҳ, ҵ͹˹ضҪԡ˼Ļ, ʱ㣬ʱѰϣ֣ǡ
½ѣ˻н

ƽٶȻ, ͣ, žҪ֮ҲҪպ
½΢΢üֵнӰӡ
֮, 󲿶ӱۻ, οǻŸʵĴ֮񣬽˳͵ǲҪ
½ﲻ˵
Ҳٴ˼С
ԭ֮̽һ¹ضԾžҪԣںתļƻµһЩ󣬲ָı⣬Ԯһѣû뵽˾ٷ塭
һŮӡ
һǲ
ֻϧⷽԲﶼоžɢӡ
پҲˡ
ʱδ֮ǰ
¶桭
Ҳҹʱ
һԳ¾ɵͶʻɽ䡣ҡΣԪԺҪ˯ȥʱͻȻĳ˲䣬еľѹ
һڼȽŵķΧ³Ųסиһ½ͻȻΣһ㣡
Ϣεѹ֡
ڰС
߾ĵġ
һ㡮ա복ƺ
Ԫ΢΢̧ͷǰ΢ӵķЩ΢΢סһ㡣
ˡ
ʲôҲȴĸо
ָоһֺܵܵȴֲɺԵϤС
㱵Ǵ
ȷȷʵʵǡ
ΪλͻȻΪѡʱɻϿѲȥ룬Ϊ֪ԷǺʱֵģ޷̬뷨
΢΢Ʈӹν
Щ죬ҲЩ⡣
Ӧû˯Ŷá
˯Ҳûж
ǱһڶԷܸо
ô˵
ȷʵˡ
˴Ԫ΢΢һȶỽһ
ʦ𡣡
ʦ
ΨһȴҲЩηˡ
澲ĵġ
·ûһ
òŴһԵͳƽˣƽϲŭûһ˿˸е
šԪӦЩСġױӹЩλЦʦ˲ηġȻɵѹȸС
㣬Ҫȥ
ءݡ
ΪΣ
һЩ£ûдꡭ
£
Щ׷ 
նȾѹ֮С
ԪЩţһЩֵؼҡؼҾһ£Ĳ٣ǮתѡʱףṩǮȱڣҪһݹؼеĺ˳㰲һЩֽС
ʦȻҵ
˵һֱ˽⡣
ôֻҪ˵ԼҪ飬ʦ
ȻҪʲô
ƽùûаͣȴҲӲûһ¶ȣȴ벻Į
ʻ̬ȡ
ϤԷԪĵЩѹ΢΢ؼҾӪĲҵḻ٣ⲿǮԴڴ˻顭Щҵǹ֮ĸļױʱȡҲ޲ɡ

ֻҪ㹻ǮԴ
̫ˡ
һ̫ˡ
Ԫ΢΢һԶԡȷʵĶ̫ˡ
кջ񣿡
Ԫɴһ飬ȷʵһ鷳ϡ
ָ΢΢ս
һ㱡ָģһĽա
ҡʦ
ܰ
ѹ֡
úڰնҪ̵ʱ
ʦٴδУΪλϴˣ
Ԫ˵ҹš
뵽һеԭֻջشȴֲòش𣺡ƶɡ
Ϊλϴˣ
ظһͬ⡣
ȴŲһ˼ֵƽĮıʸС
Ԫֻüش𣺡ΪʹʱӰ죬;קδݡ
ңʲô
ʦԣǱҪʹ
㣬ʲô
һƽԪЩмܡ΢΢Ӳ壬ҲУѹҲУһϸһ⣬ڳĬòŵش𣺡·
ǵǹ·
Ͳҹ뾭ƬȪ򣬲ᱻקͲһ鷳
ϵķΧбøžѹ֡Ԩ²յİѹֵÿҪ˴
ԪڵĻиΪԡ
˵ʲô
ȴֲ֪˵ʲô
Ʊ絽ʦǰúôգһ䣺ʦ𡭡һҺʧɣ
ºá
ٴԵͳƽ㣬øá޲ȴԭѹֵİ
Χ·΢΢ôһ֡
ǡ
㣬Ϊܻص𣿡
֪ʦת˵µϡԪ΢΢˿ͬʱ˼ŻػңڡһסˡҲкܳһʱˣٳû׷ϣӦʧȥ١
˼
Ԫĵ΢΢һ٣ǡ֮㲻˵˼һ顣
ҹ֣֮ҹһġ
´´
һΪ˵ע⡣
ΪȷʵҲɹԣˣȻʱʧ伣Ӧ֮ߡ֪޷
ʹѻݵؽҪοҵ

Ƿʲôưһ࡭ĳ׷ٺۼ֮
Ҳԡ
صݡ
֪λҪҵҲҪʱ䡣Բôʱĥ
һԼ㡣
硭뿪ֲòԭ
ԪƳɵĿڣڵ岢޲סֻǡ
һ·
˵޲ٶȱԭﳾȥ
뻹ô
Ԫ˼ʡ
ȴԽԽľҹ˼֮ѷ



66 
ա
ҹ, һʻڻ̵ϡ, ɲݴеɢ, Ԫڵ΢΢Ĭ, Ҳ֪ʲôֱ۾вʴ
һʼֻЩ
ԽԽԡʹӴһ
֪, ̧۾ʱͣˡ
ţ, һ˫׾ָڷ
ӱһ˲¹ϡټȴҲ䣬ƫߣϴżζ, ˹ĵʿ, ȴִ֮顣
һۿȥ, ˵ĸоôͻȺһ۾ֱܷ
һֶ֮°
ԪԱߡԪ, ʦ𡭡۾ϵֻûü
оΣƶ۾ʡ
ܡ
Ԫش۾ʹǺǿҡ
пܡ
û˵ʲôһ״̬Ԫһ֣Ǳס󡭡
ڵ״̬Ρ
, ʵ֪
֮
ƳĬһ¡, ſ, ʹ֮, УԹʦžΪƶͬޣô˵
ɻʳӣ褣Ծ֡
ԪĬĬš
ЩȱʧϢʦ롭
Ҫܿһˡ
Ԫ΢΢һۼʦɻʳⲢرܴˣҪ֮Ӵʦ𲻻Ե޹£ѾԪ̨ɽλ޵Ĺˡ
ܿʶһ㡣
ʱɻԷǾȴûⷽ롣
ҡ
δ꣬ͱϡ
ֻѶ֮⡣
һ£˵һ֮ڹƶ޷һ㴦
鷳ʦ𣬡ԪæԼ취һ֮ڽ鷳ʦ鷳ʵڡ̫ˣ
ʦ˺û˵
ĬĻش
ʹʧˡ
Ԫֽ˵һ䡣ͣԭûʹȴڽʧ˵žѰ·ϡ
ڻ
ѡĻᡣ
Ԫҡͷᶨ˵а취ʦġڴ˿̾ͷˡ
ʦҲˡ

ҹ¡
һƾɵƹͣ·ߡԪڽ˯ˡ
һĨ΢Ķ
ԪľѡδҲδ䣬Ȼѣоһ䵽ϣţ˴롣
һ˳Źν
һѼµŨ㡭
ž㡣
֪Է˭
һҲû
һĺˡźһѱ֪ˣһ˿Цӵˡ
ſң
ԪգҪ֡书ס㲻ž·Ԥϵһ㣬ָһѨѵ㲻𣿡һȻܵૡ
ƽᳰԣҵȷвˣıóѵĸоܲɣ
šпɡ
˵䡣
ž㱧һɻۣӰȫڸסֻԼİֱۡ
ζڱǼ⡣
Ԫţҿʹκ飬һָһ̣ǿ˵ʵ̵ܣȴҲﾳƱƵ޼ƿʩЭиʵ˼֡
žȤͷͼ΢΢ս˵仰󣬾Ҳ㿪ڣ԰׵ɫɫ񸡳ˮı顣
ݼš
˵
˵䡣
зɳУնӵһ羢ݺɨΡ
ԣ
ʹ˻ţ𣬱ããҹɫ

峿
ϸ΢΢
Ĺٵۣɽأһ˿ƣҶζ޶
һʤѩĹӳɡУͥһ㣬ɡ¶һż𪿡ӡ
褡
󣬸ųĬİ½͡ǵĲᣬ˵ߣˮḡӹ
ΪǾĵطֻǳǳĽӡ
㲻֣䚁֮ȣϻ¡λãؾ֮ءи¡
ֻ֪һλá½͵
ƲΪȻЦЦ֪̫̫࣬ɢЧ
˵ĹС
˼Ĺ۲ΧĻ
кŲ
㲻֣Σָʪʺ塣ǵٶȣʱӦǰʱһ˿ɹʤ㡭
в
ɲӦʧֱͲ࣬ĿֻΪһЩս˳г̣ԽϣԽ󡣡

ٽС
褶ѳڰ䚁֮ȡ
ɡվХɽ֮ϡӸ¿˵Ĺȵף˼ովһΪΧɱ֮ǴԻᾯȵխֻϷŹ֡
½ͣƾ֣˶áȫʢʱڣһбԻΣ
ԣﻹеڶһߵս褲˵΢΢һ£֪Ϊ뵽λδıĹؼҶС㡣
һѽڡɹͬһˡ
飬ɡһмΣȴӹﲻκˡ
ϧˡ
лԮ޻Ҳǿ޿ɱ⡣
ž㲻мһҲҪŮߡ
мˡ
Ҳ̫ԥ

ϻ¶ϻ¡
°ƺӿԶɽ֡Ȼվһɽϣ徫񾡳ȫۼڴˣ˽֧ɱӲȽԼƻ˳ʱһΪɱֻĩһʣ

л˵
Ӳˡȸ


67 ɱ
ԪԱžȥ, ½·, ƹɽµǶȥ, һֱҹ̵ĸ·ڼĿصûôˡ

ͽûɽ, ĺɫԽԽء
ԪŵĽϢΪ۾˵Ҳʱ˲֪˯ѡ
ﻹ񶥵ҹ黪, ԡӰľž㣬ףȾ˪ɫ
˼Ԫ, ĿЩ޼ɵȥƽĶŵıԨ˫, ˲Ҷ, ˹ƻ|ԡ
֪Ƿ
ϵϢĳı仯
Ԫ, һʱ޷ȷϡ²ӦԲҹ״йϵ, ִڽߣӦҹıʲô
Ҫ
̫
Բ֮ҹͬһǼΣյ£Ͼһӡ
ž΢, ˸, Ͼʣεʲô
Ůб𡣡
ǡ
쵽, ܻ, ȴҪ
ţе˵
Ԫ΢΢Ĭ˵״ߣ⻷һ˿ǱصΣԾ
˵ˡ
žĳ˾䣬εˣ
ӣ㲻֡
ĺɫƴ˷ӿٿһ˿Ĺߡ
ϼжһӰơ
ʵƲһֵԲ𣬱ǰͻȻ浯˴ˤȥ
˻--
Σգ
ˤĽ
ͬʱѾӦ鵶ն
ֹĳٱȻû뵽նͬʱͷƱʲô棬ʧȥƺɲǼһ𣬱ѹضδϵͺɨ

Ҳɨڵءʲôأݡмߵе飬һƬ첻
ĳֻҩƿյĦ𲢼Ŷڰбѿ
ۣʴ֮ۡ
ǰ漸׵嵹أȻӦӵ֮ⵯвٶɢ
дܳʮΧɱ
һʮĸ֣ͻķߣ嵽ȥûгɹ
ݣ
һ֧ƿ복ڡ
ǳԪλá⶯ƿնļзһӣǼֱ˹켣žȥ

ֱת䵽Ϻ
ԪûʲôĵǸǸŲ̫λá˵ʱԲڽ
ȴš
ӦٶȺܿ졣
ӿ쳣
Բҹ״ǻûʱô˿̷ҹҹ죬ٵȵȿ
ͬʱž㶢ĿЩΣգͫ͸һ˿գİ־
ӣѾȫץסˣҪδã
µ䲻
Ѿ
ʧ˼˼ЩѱƷ·м䲻ܶҲҧԾҲ
ֻܵ˷á
žĿͣԪϣĵʣʳʹˣ
ɱʿһ࣬ʲʲô
֮á
·𲻹֮Ҳһ䡮֮áӷƵ͸ëȻɱ
̡
ǡ
ϳӦ
һݣ
ԭڽԪʶʲôȵȡ
Ļ
ֻ̼еХķԼȻײշһ谭𶯣ײϲЩѪ˺ѣݵѪ̡
Ѩ
ҽûС
Ԫȴĸܵһ˲ײѪĳǰ㵹žַס

жëȻ
ƿȺ󣬲˵ʲôֻǿڽƽ顣ɱ˲ͷأķʽڲѪȣȻ˵ʲôԵò԰ףԲٶԡ

ҹ½
ҹ¼У䚁֮ȡԪĸоԽˣʲô⣬һ֮޷ݵ

žòۿɱı仯ɫ˿Է˪֮ɫ۲ɾٶţͫĺ죬͸ĹոŨңƴһָ߶Ƚ䱸ŵ״̬κһ˿΢Сᾪŵ
εˣ
æش
ʮ־ӲԵ޹ʵЩ⣬ˣʹط⡣
ɹȵ׶ȵ׵Ŀռ䲻̫խҲݼУ涼ɽ°Χ·ֻбֱĽ

ɽ֮ϡ
֪˵Ҳ롣Уһɽȼе;էƿն
ꡣ
ǵض
̶ķУȵ׼еΣ
ʲôҲԪҲܸܵѹ֮ƣ
Щ֮ǿҵھڵֵ𿪣޷ϡ
ʱ
ž˶
ӳڳЦȾаһ̵˵ĸоˣںҹ･ѹħĵ޶ηǿѹ
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漴
ҫ۹âΪ֮ǰΪļֱȡɽ֮ϵİɱߣ
˲ҽ׹¶ӹһٵˣʼҴҳˣڳ˵ĹУȼغõĻҩߡ
ʯײҩ߻һɲʱ
¡¡ɽ±ʯ䣬ǵؽȵ׵һû
پžȴǵЦаȡ
ˣһֿµ
޽ȴһۣ۳һ貲ӵѩ⽣
һת֮䣬ɽʯ𣬻Ϊʯڿգ
ǰ·谭ΣݱգžԼݳǰ۶ȥ
һбɽʯɽ±ʵ̫ˣҪȵмһ·ڸǣѱɴ⬵ֱɽʯһһ롣
ֲʱշһЩʯ顣
Ԫﱻߵ߻ءָֻųڲǿסΣ΢΢Щû³
ȵʱְѩ
žͫЩ졣ӳеҹգҲһƬѪɫѪӯա
ء
ͻȻ֡ͳ˵Ĺƻ
Σ
Ԫ΢΢ŵλЩ衣
һΧɱ
ԷһȽҩҡ
ҷӦ㡣
³
ҹ¡
°ɣɫƺӿԶɽ֡һжںҹ£ڸ˫׺۾עԽԽ
ǱеĶޡ
ֻĿ꿿
ͻȺӵ֮˺



68 ׹ɽ
ҹµƺӿ, ħѷ֡
ŵϢ, Ũҵɱ
ʺϷǸλʱ, ںڰеӰˣӰδǵصɱԳ֯ɨ֮ˣ
ڻĻͬʱ
ڷӿĺɫƺеĳɽ֮ϡ
һѩ׵ӰɽۡƮɰ, ɼ죬ݴһĨЦ⣬ȴһ㵭ı
Ʊѩڻİ
ңңµһ̣㻺еĹ
ƴĹ, ضϡϵһЩصͼڻƣԼһЩ۵İۼ
Ŀһֱǵ˲ɫӰ£, ֻʱһһ--
ҹɫȾѪ
ɱ¾ֹ
һΧѪɳȥڶΧֽǰͺ, ˺ս, ȫʢʱھžҲм, ˵ڵ
һɱֺǣ, 䚁֮Ĺ֮ڵ䣬֮䣬ơһϮȾѪ, , ҲЩɱֵ, ѷֲ
ʧȷе˵, 𽥱һѹһԱľҽʹͬ籩ھѪҺ˺
ۼžˡ
ƸЩɱʿϣ˷ܶɱԽ㣬Խȿֺ
ɱˣ
ɱɱ
˭ȡ׼˭ͼӹٽʷ
õòӡ
ֻʣԼ뼸ƬƲԪҲǵĹĿ꣬Ƽ˾žı̬Խ׺ݵĻŵ뿳
δָȫЩҪɱʿΪ֮Ȼ˿ڲҲжһЩšһذȹȾѪɫ÷
ܾǰ񱼡
Ѿɢܵ±Ե
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ɲʱ䡣
״һ
ʹ֢ܵ״Ҳõ˻⡣
ˡǿ϶ӰЧ

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ȻžŽԪסδ뿪ЩӰɱѾٴΰΧȻҪû˱·¡
һĿɱϸ߿գԽɱ֣ĵٹͷûκʽôֱ
Ҳͬһʱ̡


һ貲⣬ƿҹƺֱȡž㣡ٶȼ죬쵽޷׽켣ǰ
ϴһǿĳ
ҡҡ׹һ˲ֱ֣ľ壬ȫм¡
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žȫһҲסâƵ˼ޣһɢһйǧ̼ڣ
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׵屻ɸӣڰѪɳȥˤɽ¡Щ˲ġĺɱ֣ˣߵ
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žģ׹Ĺгױ䡣ǧѩϸһƬ컨ơ
˫ĿգѾ֮С
׹ĹԽԪúܽྡྷܴ֮µ̶У

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ˮһ˲䡣
ԪֻҪλҲ˶ʱĻС
һ档
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ڼͣһ֮ʣԼһ
΢һ
ҹһ˿
âһţۼѲǰ˿רעһ಻ܼʱ֡
ϸСܼ밵ƿն
ٶȼ졣
쵽գۡ
ڼ˲ѱСһĴ룬ΣǰѼ̣ȴٷ粻
֪ơ
ƽȫ࿹Сתѣ˿˿ѩâǰһУʳһƬѩ
Уţʱ롢ѩâҹɫҳһƬĻâ

֮µ̶
ûз磬ûֻһƬڡ
̶ˮ漤ˮѾɢȥɢȥ¹յˮ̶ˮɢĵĺâǴˮ͸ġ
һشػԸˮ棬ϸڿſɫѪЩʵ壬ȴҲǻþ
͸һайƻġ

ˮң컨ҡҷ
һĨӰˮ׸ڸĹٶȻĳ߿£ȥ



69 
Ԫܿ˰
ѻеľžҲק˰ߡ
ȡ۵úܽ, ˮѲ, ֻϰ
ڴˮ׸Ĺ, ԪǺ˲ٱ̶ˮɵÿšȳһЩζһĽʹ, ƲᣬˡԻֻ˺һŽ־
Լ֡
ѱץЩʹ΢΢ŷЪϢƬ, ˼ĴһѶϢ
ĳ
ڵӦ
ץסʱоԼܵ
ҲǸ
ǸֻʣһƬѪɫڡû̫õļ, ֻԼԼǵãôһط
Ԫ
ʦȡ֡
ԭֽʲôûһӡ
ʱΪʦȡʦ֮ǰ, ȫǲˡԺδ, кμ, Ϊӵ
ȻԼִ, صȻҲ׷
ˡ
鷳

žͷԼˡ
΢Ӱ뵹ˮ̶ϣһ뻪ۻˮУѪζ, ˫ֱס˷, һҲܶ
һͷɫķ˿ҲҲšЩɢڵ, ЩƮˮߡ
δйǱ̬
Ҳĳصַסܶ, ȴܶ䣬һ˿Ҳ޷ʹǹƽͣδйƽͣŰھҪ飬ǡ
ʱ̡
ɢ
Ǽͣڣӳ˷ʱ䡣屻ѹƣоѨ
ʱ˿̵״̬Ѱ졣
ʶĳЩܺ
ž΢һ˿һĨذӰԱߵϢ
ŭ⣬Ｗ֡
أأأ
һһ䡣
̺һܽѹȵϢݳء֣ҧһ˿ѪζԼһëȻа壡
Σ
Ԫ΢΢ͣ˵Ϣһ䡣ĵ·ڻӦһ޽Ҫص⡣
ᵭȻ
ȴҲΪ
žƱ󣬲֪ΪΣ΢΢ѹһŭҲѹһ˿ʹ
˼ײѡ
ϵ˱򵥴
ֻǼֹѪ˼ֹʹҩûϡŭĽ˿ʹǰ󷢺ڡ԰˼֡
ԼϵĶ޵ǰƿܣһСѣҩĵһ˿аð
̸һʽס
ž㿴Цȴ˻䣬صǣͻΪҩһ٣̫ǣۣ
ģǱ̬ȴȾֺ
ҲΪִӹ͸ġʣʹǱ״̬£Ҳ˲ӵѹơ
ʹЦ⡣
Ҳ޷еĺһ˿һذӰϵĿ⣬Ǵʵʵĺ˺Խʴһ̱ˮ
ԪȻĿȴַëĸо
Ҳ˶ѡ
ֲԽΡǡ˵ġ뾩䡯ҩһ֮ô
Ԫ˼ţȫĻֺԣǰ㵭ĿڣĹּһṩҲΪܣΪպ󣬻
žĿϡ
Ԩµıߺ⡣ڰĽ
ܾû˸ôĿŵвˣѯʣѣǾв
Ϊ⡣
סҶã
ɱ׹£ƳأҲ
ã㻹ܻ뿪
Ԫ΢΢һ£ᡭܻ󡣡Ҳ߳ȥȻߵһҲûпǹмˣҲΨһȫˡ
һһ䲻ˡ
ž䶢ԪŲ԰ƽ
Ƭۡ
޷Ͽһ˿Ķߡ
áܺá
⣬а䣬ſµķ籩֮ӣܽϮ顣
Ҳ˵
ֻڰвͣŻָ塢й콫֢ʱսȥҪǷһֱס
ǴӦ𣿡
Ԫƾ쵽ͼҲֻ˹һûʲô⡣
ž㲻ٻӦ
⿴Ӱ΢΢ţһֻϸʯСƿǰ˻Σʶô
⡣
žĿ΢΢ϵĺͣƬ̣ʮֵۣȾѪذ䡭ûʲôܲµ
ƺ뵽ʲô
ҸһλᡭڵĻԼЩ⡣
ԪȴΪظʣʶô
ʵ
žȴ΢ˣû𻰡
ԪҲ⣬΢Сƿҩζָ̽촽λã»磬°͡
ء
û˵ꡣ
Ԫ㲻ɷ˵Сƿҩȥ
žŭŪ
Ԫջ֣˴һķŵһԡǵȻȴҲȾһ˿˪Ұֻ·ͣһ·׷ɱˣ;ЩɥȪҲͣ׹£ЩˮСڿĻᣬʵϣǹҰĻ᣿
ƽ˵Щˣ΢΢ͣһ¡ŲһСƿ
ʲôҩ
ž㿡ҹ̶Ҫ֡һֱڰϰϵ̫ãѶϡ
һƬѪ

ԪֱԶֹסδڵĻ˰ƿ֪ҩΪʡǲȷҩǷҪĽҩ
ڹµЩʲôҩ
ͿԼЩʲôˡѰӽᣬҲٵʲôʲôЩŭʵ
ڹƿҩʱ
žûҧסָһʹüס°ͣɿڡ
Ȼ档
֪ʱ˫֣ݺ˵ڵϡ
Ȼû
Ȼ䱬ҲᡣԪ󱳽ʵʵײڱʯϣеƿӨ
ڱ˵һ˲䡣ʵǿƿģûжô˵ڵء
ָ찡
ƵĻﻹδ¡žص΢΢Աһܣóλá
ôһؼѿˡ
ţԪһƿҩҪ֮ǰľٶ
ˣ

Ԫʱˡ
ô΢΢ߣѣαضŭ
뿴״̬ʵҲôá
԰׵ɫ
촽Ҳһ˿ס
˿Ҵڶϡ
鵭Įû˿˸е



70 
žʵ˵̫ˡ
˿̵ȫƾһ֧š
ӱʯϻ, Ѱ򵥲Ķ, ڴ˿, ޱѡ
ϵļѾ˺ѣٴѪע, Ⱦɫۣʣ鲼Ű컨ƵĿҲްѪɫ䣬ԵͳĻѹɢ
̫ˡ·Ѱ
Ԫ΢΢ĬƬ̡Ҳ֪Щʲô, ϸ΢ľٶ䣬ѽСҩƿһߣûȡصĻᡣ
Ǿ˵Ľ, ΪΣ
ƵѰĽ̸
Ҳû̫һ˿ءʱ֣һ˿̸Ŀռ䣬δҪʱ, 轫ϼˡ
ž㽫С÷, Ҳֻ俴, ƲΪ, 㡣̫أûҪȥ
ڡǾˡ
žĴһ˿ЦаȣǡȴҲ԰ס
ԪﰵصΣζ, Ҳ, ڵȻõȥ
Ǻܵġ
һҲвʲô
, Ӧ, Ͳ׷ڡ
ȻˡҲͳһ˿⣬ΪҽһµǰСС鷳
ЩƮ鸡ĸоûʲôȴְһֲּЭζ
ûнҩҲȵ뾩ôá
ž㶢ĬƬ̣ƺЭ뿪Ϊ㴦ڡֵƿҡ
Ԫ΢΢һСƿУȴûеݹȥֻЩʣ׹ˣҲһʱˣΪβӰ
º
û˻Ӧ
ž˵ڵϵ
ô
ֻǶˣ
Ԫ˼ܿ̽һ࣬ҡӦ֮ǡáԼǹɢٶȼ죬Ķ̶Ƭ̼ɢ롣
ܹŹֵ
Ҳ̫ʲôŵһ£Ȼȴֹˡ
ҹţ
ûõӦԥһ£űվȥ
Ȼк֣Ͼ֮ܣ֪Χɱ£ܺ׼ԷһҲԼһ³̽̽
콫
ûҵĿܾͻЩɱˡ
µ£ʪããһƬʯᾣӲݴŨŨ߳Ӱʱڰһ˫˫۾ˣһŰĽŷΧС
ֽţһ޷ݵɭɱȾڳɫ
躮Ʈ֮䡣
һ˫ԻҰ׵ͫľȻòκθ顣
עŻ߳еӰйƹָΪɣһԲͲ״ɼкĴ˶롭
΢ƼӾɱɢ
߳еԪ쵽һƬɱҲ쵽һ˿ǳȴҲΣյļɱ
ĲδͣƷ紵͵
ǧ˼ʯһ˲
ڹϵָڻ¡ߵŨŨһ˲䣬šڳб
Ȼ
Ҳһ˲䡣
ĿҰڵӰͻȻ͵ˡô첻ĵ˵ϡذ׵ƮȹƮƸƼ޸
ҵƬָֻ̺ƽ
׻谵µ׿ռ
ûаƺʲôûзֱһɫӰˡ긺θߴüĿʣؼһµڵϵԪ
ȷ϶ԷεˣԹв󣬲˿ֻëض԰˵˾䣬˭ܱܲǶңһֶҸ|ˡҽȥӣҪˣȱ䡣Ҳ˵׼ʲô
ȻҪǳû˭һɸɱۣҲεˣ
ҲӲ
ӰȥûĻ˶ûˣ촫
һʱҲ޷ϾӶԴ˷˲˼ҪǲСɱˡ
ıˡ

֮
һ·ʩչṦŨºܿͷһϢ顪
ӱˣ
ˣΣеġԼĶ
*
ǵĴ·ϡ
һ˫ʻ䡣ΧŰװϽԶԶȥ·ϺѹѹһƬ
ǽһСֶӡɻʳǰıֱͬɻʵʹõһþӡҲɹʦãڱʵ۰ΣͬʱҲר˾רְΪʵһЩ飬ͬΣԶɾѰô֮س
󲿶ӻϣЩҲٷ밲Ϣ
ˮʱһ顣˵ûӦ̲ס̧ͷһϻĿӡ
ɫ࣬ҲȴҲ԰׵úѪɫ˿ˡ΢΢۾κˣҲֿµĳϢɢȻڡ˶ѾõҩҲı䲻Ԫ˵ʵ
뵽
Աһۡ
ЩԻȼգҲ֪ռ䷢ʲô¡ڿĵһ仰û˵ģֻλС㣬εʱûֺлͣȴַһõĺ⡭

ž㱡΢³һ֣ƣһ޷εΣ⡣
¶ʱһ顣
ǣ
֪Ͳôãûٶԣһĳˡɨ̨β
뿪ķ羢ص
žĿɨһԪƬֻ̺۾ȻϰЩշؼһʱ
Ƿʲô飿
㣬Ͳȥ顣
Ԫ΢΢̧ͷλã뷴ڣһ˿΢ɾ⡣
žٴ۾Σǽһ˿ζЦݣãΪⶾ
л˵
ллСʹİƱ~


71 ޳̶ܳ
Ԫû
ͷ, ѽҩҾͺá
ǰѳǶѶѾ˻ȥҲû, ֪;Ч
ž, ﲻ֪ʱ˸Сƿ, Ŀϣȴֲ˵ż˿ζ
ԪĵƬ̺Щʧԣҹţ
º, һ촫ָƿϵ
ã͵ϣ
Ԫ֪ô׸߹ȥֻҪ۾, ͳˣ뾩֮ǰ֮, ֮ͬС
ݵ顣
ʦ˵, ҲͲٷ
ڼΪ
Ԫǿվ, ҡ, ͣžǰоԷĿһֱڿԼҪαʱ䡣
º
ʲôݵǰ
, ָȴֻմƿһ, ʣ΢䡭ʶˣ, ĵ΢һ˿ŭ
žûڵĻ, ҩһƿΪһݣֻʣ˰ݣ㣬Ҫã
һ˿Ϸʣɢ
⣬δⱾĩˡԪҩŵңۺԭɣ⣬ҵ⡣ˣͲ׳ŵ
δ˵ꡣ
첻žקϡƤëקȥʱ˵
漴ŵϵζ
ûǹŨ㣬ֻʣѪҩζ΢һЩ
ô˵跨һҩ㣬Զ֮ˡž࿿λã΢΢Щһ˿ζζ
Ԫ²͸Ļ⣬ûӦָֻһ˿ϸСķ
ž⵽СҲƽٵȥҩԾҪʧˡ
Ҫô
Ԫʻƽÿֶͣȴַ˸оʱᷢ
ķǶǹƣͫϲҹ⣬۶룬һڤΪ󡭡һڤҩշ御඾
ž˵ʱڽ۾ϵĳִƹָȻȻڤ٣ҩķȴٷֺ
һ
ŰɫƵĺɫ˳԰׵ϻ
ǰͻȻû
Ԫһʱ䷴ЩϰߣҲۣȴ˵ÿһ֣ο϶ʣµǡþһ
Ѱ©ΪȷĻ١ȴ޷ֱ棬ֻܴá
һ㣬ҩȴ
žشȴҲˮ©Ĺ£޼ɵȥڵݡ
ĽǶȿȥֻܿż԰׶Ĳü棬ƯмδѣҲмƵᡣ
⸱޺£ж˼ơۣëȴƽ㣬Ҫô
ž䵽΢Ĵϣ˵ء
ɫɫ˵ˡ
뵽˶ﱻѩĺӣƬˮ۵ǳǳɫҷɿڡ
㡣Ԫһ˿⡣԰׵ҹ˪
ž㸩Щָ޴յ۾ֻ轫ҺͿĨ۾ϣԴЩ֮ܽڤҿڣҪϣֻػ¡Ҳǿ㣬ѡ㣬ھҪǹԹ뾩ٽ⣿
ºͶһֹƻˡ
֮ܣѵûиõİ취Ԫ̲סʣһͬ뾩ʱ޿쵽ˣѰҩġ
ž㿿Ķѭ򽥽õİ취˵ʱϢѾ絽ǰ˼ƺɫķ˿
ԪЩ޿̵ȴס䣬΢΢˻ȥҪͷҡ˵۾ϴһּ˾룬յǡôʱ̶ȣԪҪʱѾȥŪǶƿҩ
ԪĶɫʲôĵȴЩӶԥΣͬС
Ƭ̺󣬾ž˻һкβãҲмֽ飬˳·ҡߣҲԵҸСסգԽΪϱ
ԿʼˡԪ˵⼸ʱЩԥȴּ֡Ҫʲô飬ٷ
žЦһŻʸУһ˿ײļıó档
СڤڿУս΢۾һ£ѵˮһգеۣһͺá̽һķӦ
ʲôҪڤ˵ƣֻζɣֻͻȻ˼˳ʲô
ζ𣿡
Ԫƽ͵˾䡣
ʶһЩߣҲŵеĻɬζҩ类ˣѪҺҩԣӦ
ǹģ
޷ȷʣǰ仰١ڤֻʣ°ƿ㣬֮ҩǷҪ׼ȷһķ˵ѱµİҩǷµǼƿ֪ˣվӦȫȥ
ž㴽΢аĻȡȴû˵ٴ۾ڤҺȾ۾ϵͬʱһͻأʵʹС
Ԫһ˲붯ӲסˣԸо۾жڶ΢΢۽޻䶯ģЩʹָоЩëȻ
ŴһƬʪ妸УԺ΢΢һը㡭ʿɶ̶ֹ΢΢ơ
ͫѱѣ;ֹͣ
ž˼סһ£Ҷ˵ʱ޵Ĳ۾ģðȴСעķӦ͵ļ޵ķΧ޼ɵ
ţ̧һ֣Ҳ֪ﰴһ¡ʱһƬɫӣʵʵסˡ
ʱһƬڡ
Ҳ΢΢˾룬𰸼ϵһСƿĴָһŪӺ󣬽ھ΢΢׼۾¡ƿָϡ
۾Ķ䶯ǿûж
ںڰĻ
΢յ۽½ĹâģֹأӰâֻġѩ״͸ɫˮһ˳Ŵ۾ʳ

ˮһƿ
ž㽫һֻҲƿ󣬲־˿˾롣ܡʵ΢ϻζԼһ˲΢
šӨ޶ζȴôá
Щ
Ԫŭ۾ʪ󣬡֮٣ҼסˡƽƽýĮ
ҪĹ̶ѣοԼѡ𣿡
žöºֲ֪ͣĻأӳȥһ㣬ʱһĨ͸
ҵ͹޳ܵĳ̶ȡ
᣿һƴˡ
Ԫٸ˵Ż۾Ʋ̫ӦߣʶֵǰܿˮһƬ
߲
žעЩ˵ϵö˼֣ĽףĻᣬһ٣к壿


72 ɻʳ
ʱ
һѡĻᡣֻҪԸ뾩, Ӧİ
ܾˡ
Ըܼ򵥡
һġ
Ĳǻ, ʩ, ԵȵλãԵȵ̬, νİҪȡֻΪȷֵǿнߡ
δ
ڣֻͬǸ, ҲһԼƽȵλϵ

κввȣ֮, κ֮£ҪѡҲֻһˡ
ԪĿ, šʱû̴Ӧһ
ڵģһҹʱƸΪһЩͷ׷⻹һЩϸ΢𡭡
žɫ΢΢һڡЩס졣ڿƬ̺, ջĵһ̾շ
Ժ, еʱ䡣
ʶǴַӦ, ׹£ϵĶԶʧ١
еζƸŨһЩһ裬ַ˻ȥ¡, û, һˮԼҪ, ҪƷǮ, ЩҲЩ⣬ƺ˲١
ǰѹֲŭƶתƵ˽λһԲĹضСϡ

̡
Ԫûʲôĵţڿڿͬʱ¡ֻӵæꡣ
˳ȥ
ָֻ˾סˣΧǹİš
ž֪ڿ΢΢żõЦݡȴɢɢĿö۽űۡ
һڡ
ñܹشĵЩƣ͸֧ϸúúϢ
Ԫôˣ΢ǰԣвյҩ
ϵ˺޷Ӧڷī˳ɢǰ˳ɢƺķ˿ӣճһĨµ
˯ˡ
ǰ󲻹̶Ϣѡ
Ǻ⣿
ûӦ
ҹţ
ҲûС

֪Էװ˯ԪҲûа취бŭȴҲֻ΢΢£ԼĻŻű׾ٵļŭòĵһֻʱ඾һų⡣
۾޴󰭡
еġ඾֪١
˷ʱȥҸᣬ뿪ʲô⣬˵
С
΢΢ҡε΢ΧףԪ˼Ĺн˯ȥ
ԭ˯šľž㣬۾ִżұƻ˫ôȤζĿŽӰ
֮


ž˲ˡڹ߻谵뵡˼
ӡûҵ
ɫûҵĲλȻߵĹؼС㣬׹ʱʧдֵǵ٤ľ飬Ϊϲʱа棬ȴֻʣӣ⻹ǲҪ˵ˡ
ž㡰šһ
Ҳ˵Щ²͸˼Сһ䣺Ҫ𣿡
ˡ
ȥ񲻻ӵļƻ
žüĵ޷Ҳһ塭ļƻ뽫ֱߣۺֶ취
ıˡ
ֻԤ֮У浱뿪ˣĵ׻һЩ˵ζ
ƺһжЩȻζˡ
פ;ĽӻϺ󣬼ӿٶһ·ƵǶȥ

ǡ
ɻʳ֮ڡ
˥ʢ֮ءʮﳤ֣貣벻ùˣٳܣ쳾ĺϣǷٸ֮
ֿ̨ȵȨ󣬳ɲĹʦž֮⣬ܻʵϲλӡ
һӼĸΪŮӡǾˣºͣûѰ˹ɱ¾ѪԡҲʹȻƹ䷢һϵǼΪΪġ
˼룬ᳫ뺺׺͡ȵȡԼĺҲӯŲٺɣҲΪϲŮӡڼݣӵϲԴĸĳ谮
ӼϣĸΪŮƣϲȴԼķϡֶڳҲסһġ
ϥ¶ҲΪϲԴˣ۱δкβףҲһƬƽͣȻ˽ȴ÷ˮһ
ϾǸλֻݵһˡ

ֵļϡ
ĳͨ˴Ĳ¥һŰɴҵŮڽ䣬Ŵߣǰ˵˵٩٩̸жԾ˴µ˽⡣
΢ɴ¶һŲ԰׶С۽һǳǳ鵭Ȼ
Ԫ
ȾźҪ絽ǡϾһᳵУȻҲ·ͣѼҩģȴҲȴ󲿷ֱƽٶȿ졣
װ뾩
˲ϢҲڰռҪҩģ·δжջЩҩĸΪѰ
ڵİɢŵζȥֻܻݡݣͱ뿪ǣֱٻ
˼еɫӡ˵˵˼仰󣬸Ǯ˵˱ֺǺǵĽӹ뿪ˡ
ȻڴԼҪϢʱԼϢľٶҲΪ˵ϢװϢ뾩ʱڻ˵ע⡣

˼Ѱʮζҩģһ΢΢Щ⡣
Ҳ˵˿дϢ
ؼҵĶСˡ
Ǳͻģ˵µ;żȻӷͽȡ
Ѳ
ֻ뾩ǡΨһܶλõˣ˵գٰߵŮ⣬ʱ벻Ŀˡ
ΪͻģͷβӦ޳ֹŶԣֻߡҹֵӵˡôģ⵱ְݵʲôɫ
⣬žĿȻңѣ°ڲԹص¡Ѿи˶¡
Ȼɿԡ
Ψб|һ;|ĳطֱʧȥֵ֮ǰ˻֪
²豭
Ԫȥ
ϵİ뱭ˮˮĽƱεǣһ̣ѿϢһƬ

ʹͥ
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һӺݻĸ˶ϡȴֲµʴƫЩƣЦϵݱøЩҲһѰ˶ûеơ
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źзǰһΪ׵ĻŮڵأ΢΢Щ
أػʺĻ¡ȥˡ
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豭ҵϡˤ÷ˮĽƬ˵ĹŮͷ, ˲Ѫ, ŮֻǾֵĶһ, ӣһҲҶ, ѪӶͷ˳վ
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ŮϥǰȥϵĲ豭мʰˡ, ˳
ʺĿ俴˳ȥĹŮһ˲˵, ҪʱŻ
ۼʺͷϡ
ǸҲûҶȰֻһģվڱϡ
ϵҲҳĵĹڱʯש, ŵȴӻ
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Ŀ⴩Ѿôֱۼ䣬Ŀ䵽Ľֵϡֵϣǡɱ㲻俴һĨŰɴ·ϵذӰ
ĵ˲両һĨӰ
б㸡˰ɫ
ɯڿʲôأһڴЦĹŮע⵽ɯĿ⣬ɵúʵ
ЩŮŤϸҲҪͷ棬Լʲôˣ˶Χſɣ
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Ǹ᲻ҲǸ˹֣
˽֪ˡ
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ֱǲǷ
Ǽԡ
ǶҾĻ񡭡
ʳſھԪĶУһЩԼǿĻһ˲伫˼
עǡҡ֣ţע㱾ܷǴҲһԻ
¡ӵĻע⵽һЩǼΪѵ飬Ͼ˭Ҳ·ʱרעȥֱЩ
ʳܿ߳ƫߵˣһһŮסԪȥ·¥мλСҪ㡣̬Ȳƣǲô
ԪĿ̬Щ۸ڶ˲ͬǿקȥĴ㡣
·
Ԫֻ΢΢һٺ󣬱Щ־һЩһ¥졣һǰһںܡ
ԪԴҲ⡣ڶԷδʱԤϲ²Ǿˡ
ǡһĴʡ
ҡĻ顯ΪŮӳáӣ߾ӿ룬ͬ磬ٳеĴС㣬ͷ¶ѲΪ档ֻٲֻڼź˵ϰߡ
ٲΪ鸮С㡪
֪΢
ͬĸĽ㡣ʮߣɣǾĲŮдֹСڵȨ׷֮ͣȴδһ˶Եʱͻᡢʫַۣ֮ҴڷԼļ֪ʶ
Ϊֵһǽغǡ
һ䵽Ůȴǲߡ
ǶڿദǡľǣԺΪ׵ĹŮȦӣγӪ಻ߡųᡣ
֪΢ǺŮĴ֮ߣǵ󽫾躣ľ֮Ůɯ
λɯʱһȺŮھǳԺ֡ʱʱȥһ¡һºŮ鷳ԭΪ鸮ŽصϢһ飬δ븮ϢȻó
˼䡣
ԪѱŴͨ˴Ļͨ˶¥ȺӹŮǰ
˴ˡ
ժǲǳ˹֣
Сò
ûҳ㣡ھɯǰҲ˵绰

Ԫƽ޼ɵͷ㣬δܵӰ졣һȺˣյ鷳ת
һԡ


74 Ƿ֮
ǻй񣡡һŮȵ
СŮλС㡣
Ԫ΢΢Ƿһ
ƹȴһɲײɢ档
£û𣿡
ԪٿĿſӵɯ, ͸ɴ, ܴ¿Է
СŮԭ𣿡
, ȴ˵ĵȻ
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СŮòһ, ֪СΪִţ
ǰ˵Ůֺȳ⣬ժժϻôʲôŮҲǰ˵Ҫ˵Ů
Ԫ˺ԥһ, ̧ҪժңСŮּ, ϲ⡭԰׵ָƱǰɴҪһ֡
û˵Ϳʼԡ˳ջ֣ڴ, ϶ļԹ, λС, ҪСŮѰô
컹ѰôˣժժժС˰·Ҳ
һСŮ֮, һСŮ֮ܡСüɫϲǷ֮£˵СŮһ
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СŮСŮ˵Ϊδ˾СŮ, Ȼһİ, ΪС, βһأ˵, СŮòֿ
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ʲô
֪СΪΣ

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֪΢ĽӴ뽻УɯŰ·磬ѻԹŭɶǹ֪΢ǰӣŮ롢ĵµ鼮ʵ˻ʵ
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ûʵ۴ΪھǹŮȦƹ㡭
԰
Ǿķžۻ֮ء⿪ţֻһȨλ֮˲ܽС԰СС԰ӣֱһļĻ
ʱֵĩ
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֪΢˵ã飬Ļǰδͨ͸ѹֱ»ͬ¡
֪΢ҡͷ΢ЦǱӢ͵¡ο͵ӣ긾긾˳Ůļ¼ʷ顭
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ԱߵŮһһ
֪΢뵽ڱ£
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ԣ͸ѧѧǵĹء֪ΪŮ֮Ϊ֮
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ЩӵûҸ
ޣʲô߰ƹأ
޼ɯЦͤУǾ£ѧǺЩƹأʴȣһ˱ϢԾ
֪΢ָֹ֪˭ĿⶼȥƳѧʴȣãıᳫĹǣǽԣСһ䡮߰ƹءǽںεأ˱¶вֵ֪Σ
Сһ
ɯ޵Īڹ֪΢죬˵ֲܶ֡ڳĶǴŮпɣȴǴɡ
Ůн辴֪Ϊ̸ʣСϸϸж飬ǳ
һŮȥǰ˭ҪѧǵĶ
δ˵ꡣɯֹ̧סˣ鷳С㲻ڿôҵȹĦһλѧ֮кοȡ֮
˵ű߹ȥ
һŮ̲һŮļ˵λλ֪С㡭
ŮǲԸȴҲֻλ
־Щ޷һԡ
ɯºһȺŮҲӵ˹ȥԭȻͤӣԵЩӵŲһǿ
ԪҲѰ˸λǵñҪǵľŮŭĿ棺ʲô
ԪСŮѣɯͷĿλľŮֻܺ޺ա
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ʲŮΪۻӦŮ֮԰꣬Խֺ
֪΢ÿ˵һ䣬ɯһ䡣ϾҲйν֣һʼ˵ù棬ԵЩ׾ˡ
֪΢ȴɶ̸񣬷Ȣ֮壬޶֮ġ
ɯòͣ˻һȻ
Ȣ֮壬ж֮ģ˺ϡԪеĲ豭һ䣬ҲʵȤζصһĿ
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Ϊ޸٣޵ɸļޡֶԣУи֮ҲʹѸļޣ
֪΢ԲɵЩ
ԣҳ¶Ů޶Խ米룬ӡ
ԣľܡŮӵ峣롮¶Ĺ֮壬һ桭
һһΡ˲佫۵Ĳθ͡
֪΢һҭһʱ䣬ûҵȻ΢Цȴв׾ı仯
С˴ˣ
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֪΢ѧǳ޹ݬϾ¶Ƴ磬һ㣬Ӧ޿ɷɣ
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֪΢ֻѣµ֪鱻ˣ֪θ롣
˵ţĿԪϣλСγƺоֹϣмϤ֮С
λͻȻĶЩơ߸˵λоֹĵȻʸΪʵ
ҲΪƮѲ޼Ѱ

뿪ٻ԰
ɯһ·Ȼܲ˵ɣҪʲôʹͣ
Ԫں󷽣ʲôԣ
ɯͣͷȻǱĿģĿ½ԪͻȻȥժĶҡ
Ԫɱܿˡָ̧һĶҷʣСҵ𣿡
Ȼϲŭ
ɯЩ㬣ҲԷ̬Ⱥöûٶ֡
Ҫ·ץһˣûݿ౾¡˵ɣҪʲôֻҪܼҲ㣬ӽԺҲ͸߰ɣɯû˸۸㣡
⡭Ԫƶ˶٣СŮ󣬶СԣӦ¡
ˣ˵
Ǯ
ɯЩˣ㡭Ȼײ͵ҪǺ˲Ǯ
СŮײܴĥ׾ݣ֪ûʲôǮҪˡ
㿴ȱǮˡ
ԪΪд˴
ɯ㲻Ǻ˵
Ԫƶ٣кιϵ
ɯԶԣûϵɾ;йϵ



75 ֢֮߳
ɫѲ硣
ԪڵȵɯƱ, ˸̶ǰǸҩáҩ̴ļҩġ
û¶, ˼Ѱ·, ֱ˲ǮǴÿ˸һ֣нظ©, ֲڼС
ѾɢбֵķգҲֻˡ
ңڡ
ǰѲ༯ҩġ
ֻһζҩˡ
˰ɡ
Ԫ˼ͣڳֽһͥҩǰ
һζҩڴҩ̡˵, ҩƹֻԳˡ
Ҫץҩ
˽Ĵ˯ҩƹæЦӭ
ץҩ
, ҩƹƹ˼֣ޣҪץʲôҩ
黨
ԪĻһ¡ҩƹ㲻ɵö࿴һۣǰҩ
ԪҲ, , ǰζҩ˵, ζҩ, СŮϲǰ
⡭ҩƹʱΪӦҲ˵ҩġ
˼䲻ҩΪΡȴж
ѯʵܵȻޱ, ǵĲס
⡭ҩõƹЩ, ʱ, з, ⻺һˡ
һʵ޻忡ӡҩ䣬·Բƣɫ޵ʵغܺõϵ˿С
ϴƽ׽˵΢Цĸߴȴ˹˹ģҲǷìܵϲͻ෴ʮǢ
Լһˡ
ҩƹһ忡ӱӭȥմˣǰλ㣬˵ַˣżˣ
δģӺº͵ѯʣԵʹ˵ϵҩ䣬ĿĿԪ
ëˣҪҩţѾշץҩˡҩù˵ţ˼ҹﲻô˰͵ҩĹ뿪ˡ
Ǳãմ忡Ȼ⴦ʽܷ⡣Ŀٴ䵽վһԵԪϡ
λǡ
ƹЩΪѵĿڣλѰҩġ
һʵմԣƲɵ˼֣ôˣҩûλ֮ҩ
еС֮ҩ黨ҩƹ˵ţ۾մȶԷش
մٴοԪʣҪ黨кãΪҽߵĹмֺ档
СŮ׻ּҽѰһƫɿΪãֻҪҩļѰġ޷ε˵ʶˣ´Ŷɴ顣Ҳһо;ûǸˡ
Щ״̬޹غֻΪҽߵıܣʹͨƣ֪ܷѰ
Ԫԥһ¡Ȼ󻺻֣ˡ
ϵ㡣֮⣬ҹӦδĶ˰ɡȬҪʱ䣬ڴܿʲô˳Ҳ޲ɡ
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˵ķɫƫơķɫںڰδĲ𪡣
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º͵ɫأƳأӦвѪʱպ֢̫麮Ѫ㣬ƽӦѳѣ֢֮㡭
鲻ھȵĿȾЩ֢֮߳Դ
ôЦˡԪҲûϵԷһһôΣĲ֢״ԼҲǶһֱľϢ
մüͷ΢壬˼֣ƹǺЦ֮¡˵ţܿɿ֡
Ԫ΢΢һ£˵ǡ֪ܷ黨СŮӦ
ϸмζС
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лҩЧпɣСŮзִ硣
մ˺Ҳ׷ȥֻҩƹ񽫱Ҫߵ黨ȡ
Ĳ֢ٲ֮ǣ磬ΪٿһҩΣ
Ԫ΢΢룬ԡȷʵҪһˣش඾δ塣ԼԷ飬һ
һЩ²뻳ɡѰĴһǾ˵ݣ˵ĸоǴ
оֹʡ
Լ
üϡмƵӰӡ
ҩҲպҩԪ˼⣬ʵڲ֪ôлźá
մЦЦϰһæֹ
˵
ʵҶԸ֢ܸȤɷҳһΡ
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״ֵΪѣ˿﷽Ƿ㣬պ˼䣬ǲ㡭͵û˵
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ǴӦˡ
֮뿪ҩ̡
մ򽻴ƹһЩҲܿ뿪ˡ
δҩ䡣
ȥβ
šŵԪȥϢĸһ·ʹԶԶ˹ţͣ
еĲ²н


76 ֮
ҹ
ĳջһͷ, Ŵ, ͵ƻư, 棬ӳһḬ̃ԼӰһͷںڵķ˿΢΢ʪЩˮ, ˳ɢԡͰ棬ҩԡͰеԪ˼š
մ
ôһǴˣڽΪҽ, ݱֻװ
빬Ӧסڻʹ֮ˡסڻʹ, ޼˻ʵֻлӡ
ǻӵĻ
λӶڹԼĸۡҲס棬ΨСӼ躻סڹС
ƹΪմ, ֮ͬ, ֮
ĿǰϢ, ̨ûʲôڸУӡӶ÷ˮĻܺ, ǸɢĻȨɽˮ֮䡣
һ·ɱžĲ˼ɲɢ
ʦ˵Ծ֣Ӧֲ
ž뾩֮һ
ڴ֮ǰ
Ҫôȡعص, Ҫôһݵλһ̶ž൱ˡ, з򣻳֮, Ҳüӿٶ, ƶǵľƣʦϣľ档
һ档
λմԽʹ֮
ԭºͶƽ׽˵̬вϸ΢仯ȻԾºͣȴЩһˡ
һ·ֱС
ԼӶֱصԼĹ֮󣬱쳣ƽ޹Ĺˡ
ȴһӰҲδ΢ɣȴҲ²⵽ʲôɫһЩ仯ҲƱóһЩ
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ֱ
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ǣ֪ˡ
ӻ˿΢΢Լƽʣ֪ĸΪҪЩˣ
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ʺšڴϵĹ˶£ǿֵŭ㷢
ˣǻӣ߸ϵĴӣΪЩ¼Ĺ飿ΪЩ¼Ĺ˶ײĸ󣿱˵ĸǣĸȱǣҲ˿ݣأóţлӦеǣ
֪޷Ľ֣Ӳ˵
ʺĻ
һЩͬϿŭ⡣
ӳĬţײȴҲδȥ
ʺＲ΢Ŷӣ䣬ҲЩĻ䡭ƾοģòһӦ
գʺ΢΢ĵһѹŭ⣬ʣ׼㸸ʵ񣿣
ĸɡ
躣
û˵
ڳʲôӣ㸸ʵﶼҪ⣡㻹ʲôãΪֳǰЩʵܣ˭ڿ˼ֺ㸸ʣ
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һڴλ
ȴЩ֮ԸԶݸ֮·
㡪
ʺ󱻴ӵ̬˵ϺŭĿ֮УʧôõĶӣ
ôôõĶӣ
ĬĬţͬһѾϰߣ˳ܡƾʺʧҲ¶ֺֻƻҰɫһƬĺһӳ˪
С
ܸġ



77 լ
һ
Ԫ뿪˿ջ, жȥ˵˴Ϣʱ, Էһ, Ƭм, ʿ벻٣ܴϢֻǣаɴܶŹ鷢ǻ
ѲǱ˾ƺô¡ֻҪӵط, һֻ۱һֻۡ
ӽֵطȻ˵š
˵ݣȻҲ̫Ѱ
һӡ
ӱβĲ, 串ˮϡĽˮǽʯשʪù, ̦, ̦µĽʴ÷
ҲΪȵ, Χһɼȵĳζ, 󶼴ú⣬̹¶*Ÿ첲ҡмϡ
ԪĳȻһЩ˵ע, Ҳû˸ðȻ, Ͼ, ĶӦмֱ²Ÿ
Ԫ˵ĿжһΪһЩϢ, ΪüעȻԾ֣бߣֻҪ¶ע⵽ˡ
ԭҲܼ򵥡žǾԵĶ档Լ൱Ķ֡

һҾطΪɾЩԪֱ˽ȥڽʱлƼģЩȶʾд󣬱㽫ҪӲ롣
롭
ͤ
һɢָصϢԴءκʽҲӪɫɫķѰ
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鸮ؼҡ
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ԭֻǲҡضү÷лϹ֮ˡ
˽ϡ
鸮ϻһ˵ϻġ˵ķȽϻҪأǹضү֮ĸ
̫̫
λ֮⡣
ϻмңûʲôڸУıε÷ΪرݣСڹ֪΢ǰԱ̧ͷ
濴
鸮լǼ䰲ġ
ոͽһϺõ˿ӡ̫̫Լϲģ˲ϣвٿʽƯΣ˼ѡ
ϴⱦ廷̫̫ߣȴҲض һͷ̬ޱȡ
̫̫һεٶҲ߯ЩٳǽҪĴ£ؽҲҪ˼ŵ棬˭Ҫ׽ͷţӸҲͰˣлɣҲھǣһӣﲻҪӣ
ͷдŸ˵ˡ
̫̫û
עЩϡ
ĿݳޣǷŵ棬һѰ˼ҹһˡ
ЩЩЩҶҪˣ̫̫ʯƹվ°΢̧ԵĻһΧͰѴ뾫Ҫˡ
ǡǺǣЦЩѣǴＷģϷˣЩӻǺܾءϲҪôʲô
²ʲôöԼ
ϷҲ֪ûϵ˼ֻǺһۣ֪΢ϲЩɫ޵ģؾģ㣬ʱ빬Ŵ
ֱĥҪˣ֪΢ϲأѵľͲ䴩
̫̫ȴܽѾЩѿɫ֪΢Ҳ̫ϲЩ׵ĽΣ⼸׽ͷҲҪˡ

Ͽ̫̫ͣ˽еĶԼǰᣬĵһ󷢶¡
Ա߻վһмҡΪضүһ̥ŵ˵̫̫ۿ
̫̫졭ˣƸǲҲñˣ
̫̫һ£Լͷ⼸ƥȥ
æϲЦտȥãл̫̫Ƹл̫̫

̫̫ЩûһۣˣҲƥɣ

ڽǿάЦݺ޵Ŀ̫̫ʱѾ̫̫ˣСˡ
֪΢ˣ
̫̫ŮҲǺģϾҪΪǸλϵˡҲѡˣλϵţһ һϮȹƮƮɵĹ֪΢һȺѾӵ¶
֪΢Ϸˣĸס
ϼŮ˺ɫź࣬æǰĽŮЩؽŮϱţ֪΢ϲӣ׼ѣԱٳʱ빬
֪΢Ļش𣺡ĸ׷ıɡ
ɲһϾ빬ЩŮǰɲ²㡣ѽģƯֺãҪõѲ㡣ֲܹڻڣСԣôҲΪԼѡһס
ĸ˵ĵá
֪΢ĿɨЩʵػĳУѩס򵭰ס¡ȴڣ΢Ц˽ϵ˼ɫ
⼸ɣģĸɣĸҲ֪ҶʲЩһôϺͿˡ
úúá϶ŮĻһӵġһ˽ǼɫóһŮ߶ݵ顣
ٳҪЩӱ޿ɺǣţȴаָҪǮ֮ӣϵĳһţϲȴ㲻մЩ¡



78 ֮
ϽԹһ, ˳̫̫ҲӴȥ, ȻǺ, Թ֮⡣
֪΢ɫ͵šû߶Щ顣Ҳֱ˵˺󣬲˵˾, 󲮸常ʲôѴɣȻӦ˾ӵ£Щֻ꣬Ҫһ仰, ӲԭŮպгԴöȣԽڼһ㡣
̫̫һպгԴöҪڼ, ʱסˣôУ鸮ԴöȶҪڼ󣬴ȥʲô
ϣô죿ûǮ, ǹ, ֲԸǮ, ѲɰҪҪΪҪû˴, 綼ҪҪˣЩӣǶģ
̫̫Ҳܲˡ
˽ϲּң֪ھϵ»ӵϼƽϡ
ˣͷдһŻȥ˵˵
ˡ
²ݡ
΢, е̹١ŮԽϲ, Ůü£, ɵùһ, ôˣ
Ůʱ˵ֳȥˣȥ鸮ϷĸЩźá
̫̫ɫͷ¶ʲô
֮Աǣʲô£иɽͲ鸮ˣɽǱͻûˡҪǶԷӣ罫۵ˣ
̫̫ӡЩ뷨ñϲǸ£Ҳĸ֣ҲؼһȻѾи֪΢ˣһʼҴϹϵģǸá
֪΢Ҳġü˹ϵΪҹζ࣬˵ģ罫ȷ֪΢˶٣ֵŮҵΪҪȢգǲȢ͸òǶá
֪΢˵öԣҲҪǲȢͲҪٲֹؼιܽŮ
̫̫úȣѿʼ㣬ãã|³ұ£һһᡭ
ˡ
һˡ
֪΢ĵšûʲô飬ͻˣֻҪӰ쵽ν
ʵŮؽڵ£ŷʹ֮н
ֻǡ
Ǹɯߵ⡣δʳ֣֮ҲδܵˡӦǲųھǡ

С
Ԫƴһ¹ͤľ彻̬ܿȿˬĽ϶¥ż䣬һԳµˡ
ǸЩȴˡ
Ԫڼ̼仰˵ɷϢϢ
ƳС뽻Ϣ
ӣ˽ʲôΪ˵оԪʡĿǰϢУӺɫӱ壬ϵ٣Щ֪Ƿи಻Ϊ֪˽֮£ռ֤ݵо
Ʋɵö࿴һۣ֪ʲôϢΪôǵϢ
ʦڻؾ;б˴ɱЩϢ
ֵ֪˭
ĳλӵ¡
˼Ȼǰ׵˲٣ϢҲ廨ţôһСϢҲṩϢЩ⡣
֮ˣҲûһӣǺ붯
ԪҲż¿ȥ֤ʱ䣬ص㣬ϸԸ㡣
С˵
Ԫ㽫ŵ˵һ飬ȻĵĴڵḶ́Լδ˵ֵλӡ
ûҪȫ˵
ѶϢһβ͹ˡ
½Ԫ͸¶Ϣ󣬡СҪϢǡôһСṩϢδȷ٣Եȼգȷ֮ٽӦϢ֪
֪Ҫգ
գա
á
ʱҲСｫϢȫ
Ȼ
䶨
Ԫٶǡ߳ŵĸż䣬ţϸӰӰ´£һĨʤѩɡ
һ·طʱ·ڽҪ뿪ʱһˡ
һ֮⡢ȴҲ֮еˣ֮ڱĸ졣
ԷھʱײϡƻæͣǸԲסӺܻţȴЩûš
һεСɾһ£鱡ȴִһ˿ײɫ

ò˵ʱı仯ܴ
㡼ȻҲ뾩ˡ
Դ㲻϶񣬵Ұĵˡ
ϵȻŹᣬȻΪˡ

Ѿעˡž׹¡ѣػ֪ҹžľ
޷°ɣ
Ԫ˵ţ΢һ°ɴԷ⵭Ȼ峺ˮռġ
΢΢һŻ񣬲̫ȻĹȣǡ㣿Ŀ⣬˶͸һ㣬ԭ˵ǶҪˡ
ʶң
ڴϡС㵱ʱ۾ǰСֻǺ
ԭǷˣԪƻȻȾһ˿Ц⣬ɰãںδ
ãҲС㰲ΣСҪ̣ҿԴ·
·ɡ
ͷӦǣĵ΢΢һ֪ΪΣټ򵥲Ľ̸Է̬ҲᡢȻɾһ˵ѹ
ǰ
ֵ÷ڣȴҹĻʹƳϵʱ֣ʴƮϯ⽻ӯӯЦ绨ճһҾ¡
С
÷濴ȥһڲɴеı¥󡣼⣬еƻͨ˿ö
Ԫ¥۵ĺŴС񣬻¥ʱƺ಻˵
÷ϰ㲻õģ˿Ҳܹء
СĽ͡
Ԫδ˼ʲôҲһЩ
Щ⡣
Էѡ˼Ϊڡ


79 
÷
, Ӱӯ, ľ׵ĸ¥, ԶЩķӰ峺һЩ
š
ﴹһƬɫʵǳɫɴ
Ԫſں, ֹǰ̾棬СԼȥɡ
̲ϲķ䡣
Ԫ̧֣һ, ΢ٺ󷽲Ŷ룬ɫʵɴ㿴㡼, ѩ׵ĳȽţһִȣһַ, ɢ, ̬, Żᱡ, ϸİ𪲱һ΢ķ˿š
΢΢һ۾תĿ⣬Ȼؿڣð˲Ҫ⡣
ԭ´Ϣ, ʱ, ٺò, ƽ, Ҳܷˡ˵ţǡַᣬ۲ת䣬ĵĿһۻվŵԪﲻؾԱɡ
ԪЦЦߵǰ˵Ķܿ죬̶ʱ䣬ھվ˽š˵ժɴ¶԰׵鵭Ȼ͡
㡼Եɺϣ
㡼ûϸ˵ԪȻҲϸʣת˻⣬Ϊλ뵽ڴ˼䣿
аǧ죬˼䣬һζ
ԪԻ˼խˡ
ĹղǷҪƤ⣬˿ǵԸ㡼˿Ʈķ˸ƣſϣɢ뻬
Ƿ˵ĿһΪ׬Ǯ
㡼ᡰһġȴҲ͡
ЩĵĿŮӣסһ֮ذˡ㡭źδλСɾϢ
Сɾ
Ӧʵ
Ԫü£˼֮ɫ΢΢ҡҡͷ֮Ϣس뾩ǲãסڿջ
Ŷ㡼ЦţţλСɾӦϵǳǣ᲻㰲Σ
飬ҵĿġߡԪƶ˶٣ȥĲ豭Լһ裬֮䣬Ƿǰ㣬ǹ¹ѡ
£㡼ƳһۡЩȴЩĵظ
ԪҲܻһ㣬Եɺϣ׳һɲĿԡ
žԪ̨ɽ˼ɣⷽ룬±ȻҲ
ֻ뾩ǴϢУû̫λۼϢʦҲܿˣ֪Ƿʲôԭ򡣵ᾡѭȥ漰λۼйص顣
ԭˣ㡼˵ţҲ֪˻ûţҲûм׷ȥ̸֮УԽһЩԷʵı
Ԫ֪㡼ı
㡼ҲӼ֪Ԫءݵı
Ψһͬǡ
Ԫ֪㡼֪Լ
㡼ȴ֪Ԫ֪
ԭ㾹鸮С㡣˵ھ֮סڴ˼䡭
һп޵ݶѣԪпջţͲ鷳ˡ
Ҳǣĵطʺˡ
ˣ鷳бҪ˵׼Ҫ߶ŷˡ
ֻҪ÷ȥ硣
лˡ

뿪÷
ԪֽǼҩȥߵò۵֣¥ʴƮţ̣洦ɼһЩɫֽ
Զ
һŻͷŮŸӳ·ЩСģڻ΢¡СӣԪʱˤ
ѽ
װ̫١
Ԫûܣת䣬ȥЩķס˶Է°ɣ
ҡҵĺӡ
ŮЩʧȥӡԪѹµ΢΢ʱͻȻӻͳʲôԪǼһĨ
ô
Ԫĵ˼ͬʱϢεˡ׼ԲС
˿Ůƻ˸˰㣬ƲмֱģֽҪڵϵԪסţǰԶڵʲôܿһ֡
ڸϳǸòЩֳİӡ
Ůšüôôæ
ҲЩͣôŪһڴϡǼҵģ
֪ģ˳Ūˡ˵һ𣿿ҲǸС˼ҵģ£οڵôϣҲǸϧģͻͳɣŮ˵ţߴŰˣϽģŪϳ˿ˣ
ֵطҵģɾ𣿡һ߱Թһ˽ԪŪִŵģʵʵһƬ
ȴߣȥһ²֪ˣ

ԪоԼһŮм䡣ڵĿһ֬ζҲ֪ײ˭Щ塣˯úܳײϺҲһûڰЩ΢߽૿޺ģ
ҩ
ҡҡλεԪ΢΢ߵƿһƣûд󶯺󣬱ô̫İŲˡ
ⷱ٣²Ӧǳ˳ǣδŹٱļѯʣӦǶԴϰΪʶˣŻѯʶûУ׵ķųȥ
ЩŮ£֬ζΣѰƽռҵŮӡ˵ĶԻץĶЩС˼ҵС㡭
Ǽҵġ
ҰĿһݵСϣ޼ɵĻʹݱȻ
ԭ
Ҳʲô¡


80 
֮
ƫ, Żٶ, ҡЩǿ, ĿĵЩԶòͣ
ַɽšһƬƫƧϿȵ, һˮ̶ʯ̦鲼̼ž̡
ϿϷγһ޴ķӦһƬƽ̹Χݵ, ι̶ʯ档
̧ͷɼһƬ⡣ɽ¼䡣
ŮӴƺǸģ, ֻӻȡһڣϿϷĳ, һ
ܿһӦ̡
֮, ŵһ֨֨ѽѽľʽṹϿϷ, һƬ޴ķӰ¡
һýʵʵľƽ̨, ţ˳ĸֱ۴ϸ켣
ֱ䵽ݵĵ沢֮ϡľƽ̶̨ܹŻţһľһ
飡
һƵ죬һƬ˳ʻľ̨, ͣľ̨Ϻ, ж, ٹغľ̨, ŤͷʾԱ߻ڿŵŮӣ㣡
һ
ľƽ̨ܿٴλһ֨֨ѽѽĴ̶ĦУٰգԶСǰƽһξ룬ͣһƬͻʯƽ̨ϡ
ʯ̨Ȼγɣǰ·ΨһǴɽͨ
ľƽ̨ͣȺ󡣰ʹתصĴ׳ӽع̶һ˻ţܿһԲˡ
ͨ߳ĸŻŮӡһ˽ҩÿ˱һ£ܿԵС㶼˶תѣĹ˾֡
Ҳеıǰ״ֻ̬Ƕˡ
⡭
㡢˭ΪʲôҪץң
Ҫؼҡ
ڽʶָһЩж󡣶µＷһš
ҩӸǺõŮӿǣôã˾͸Ͻ³!ѾϰΪˡ
Ҫ³ķҪĥĥķ
ȿȡ
Ԫһ̱ǵζѬÿԲֹСеĿ޳ƴＷֻλãŮѲͷһС
³
У͵Ŷҵİɴա
ҡ¡
ԪƱŵˣЩҡҡλžͱһŮժ˵Ķң¶ԭݡ
û£԰׵СŨ̬ڡ
ڿԡ
Ѱ￴ǸҪġ
ȡҵŮ΢㶺󵱼ôҲŪˣ
⼸˵ֲ
Ԫ΢΢ֹס˿ԣ㱲ĿǣѲǲӡ
ŮҲһ۱㽫һԲˡ
СѾӱţ޿ˡ־µļһţĸŮӰһա
ǵĳϲСұ㶼ȥ漴ǴͨԵʯǷڣǾ;ͻȥ
ʯƮﴹһЩӣΣȴһŮǱľ̿޺һͻļ
ܿ죬һŮӴҴҳ뽫ԪҲҽȥһ¡ǾŸŮ棬˿ˮһ赣һڼʱͻȻͷײǽϴա
ͷ
Ҳݶˡ
̫ˡ
˿϶⡣ֻܽǸ
أ
ŮӶʱ־ɡʯ̨һӰҲûУΨһĳڣҪʯǰǲŲǡˤȥˣ
첽ߵʯ̨¿һۡȻڽ±ԵһСƬ鲼
š
һ
һѹŭı
Ҳ֪ŭؼʱ̵µˡ
ŭɽ²еģһ⣬Ҳ͵Ӹǰġ
ֻܾʹʣ뿪ˡڱģӹһ٣¸ϻʱϣͻɽšýµǸҲҵ󣬸ͻصͻءƺƺ

ʯ̨ʯĹ̵ʯש̨ϣÿһ·е̨ӰԻ谵ͨɽ
ɽϣһûʵׯӡ
ƯŮȺ̨ͤ¥Ϸ֣ͬͬɫᱡ񴩻
ֻ˼ɾһ㡣
ѱȻϴɴȹСǣһ·쵽˸ǽͥԺ漴ִһ

ܿƻɴһȽһȵı򿪡
̵ĳֶĺƤëһ㡣߾ӰӰ´µ棬ŮŮ黶
һƿȥļСǳ״סˣжˡ
ȣȣů棬һֱ˴
ϯо㣬ϯȴʶһ|ˡգyinۡ
ô⼸
|ϯһÿüʡ֮߳ΪһЩɫЩȵ鸡
˽ŮӶʱȥЩţءӵĻĺü⣬ūȥԸٶ
£αô鷳ׯﲻǻôƯĹмˣ
ӣ
̫ˣû˼Щֲ֪µȤζˣȥԼ췣ξͽðɣ
лͷ
Ůӵͷºɫ΢Щ衣޹أȴҪ䵽ϣǲ˵Ĵ
˹߻ǡ
ֿǼѪɫС㣬ָһָЦСˣøƣ
û˸ǰաҲû˿ǰգСʶ˼һţȴ֪ʱƵĳЦŲͣƶǰȥһʱ䣬ʧļп޺űе**䲻ڶ
ƳĶ˼
Żˣ
֪ʱȼ˻𡣻ȼɴӻһ·ڶ롣
Ʋֻ̫軨Щʱ䣬𣬵Ũ뽹ζȴѰȨû־
ͬʱ
ڻʯ̨Ӧµµˮ̶סâէ֣ذӰˮи𣻶µĴѰʬ壬޹ŮӲһ̧ۣͿˮ׸Ԫ
ҵˣ
Ҳ֪ˮϰûŮ㲻Ըˮˡ
ûɫ԰ףƻЩûɾѪǱǰŮӴġӲ˶ԷйŭһƣûҪ˰**ģ޺ţŮӰŪֵĴ򿪳ţӽȥ뿪
е
Ļôߵĵطˤûɣߡ
ԭֻҪЩûѡеСӻصߵĵطͳɣö˼ϾʧһʱѣŮôҪͻȥû˼ҼҲʲô
ڰһŭǺ;ֱȥ
ʲô
ҪǶҤȥ
Ǯһһ룬Ȼҿɲڡͷм÷󣬼Ǯ


81 Ĭ˱
ҹʱ֡
һƻͨҹӡ
÷ԶǰͥĺԺ, ¥, һʱĻϴ֮, һɾԪٴμ㡼
Ǻǡ
һǳЦ
, 䣬ҡҷǰִΪԪһˮ
˵ġбҪʱô
Ԫ̫̾Ѩ˵˾, ĪҪȡЦˣ˵΢, Ʊ΢һЩ
㡼˳ȥ
ԪḧŲ豭вˮ, ӳһ˫΢˫, ֮ء
䡣
η
ϵƻٿҡҷ
һ˲ĹӰ, ͶڵϵӰɲʱذĹצ
²豭, ŵϵӰ ﲻ֪Щʲôһѻ𱾲÷ŵģӦ״ݾߣ޷Ӷ
úúһ㡣

ʹ
Ժǽ, , һһŽ䱸ɭϡ硣
ɫ΢׼, ȴʺ˸סˣ̫, ڹŵĽ˭Ҳ˭ˡ
£ʺҲΪãһƬģͶһ°ɡ
ºñ´ȰλҲһñµĳ谮λ½ǲᣬʺһǲΪӪΨһˣǴˡ
ǻʺΨһѪʺʲô˵ʲôյĿ϶Ϊõġ
̫ڿĵ߶šһЩ棬źڻʺ߶ʮˣСŴӳ󣬿Ŵ֮·ƫʺۡ
ԽԽԶ
ڶԸƵһ ƫƫȴûʵ۵ϲ
¡
̫໹ڿĵȰ˵
ȴҲһѹȥͷҲصĻתӿŲԽԽ죬ֱ̫˦
֪
һֱ֪
ȴҲΪ֪Żض١
˭ûд
ôд˭
ӻص󣬾ͽԼڳҩԺԺ˲ϡеҩģҲŲϡеҩģƽղκ˽롣
ֻ
ܷ֮ϲ


ûޱɭϣĹķΧѹһЩ
ʺǸЦǿƵˣԴǿƣԻʵͬǿƣӺλ壬ʹʵٲϲҲ㶯λֻͬİ·ϵྴ
ӹϵǳҲдһԭ
գʺӦһ˵밲ü̵ķŭй޺еĲ豭̵ʣˣŭⱾԴӣȴӶĸһҫѾûϵһԺմҪΪһ׻ȡ
ڸѿʲ֪ӱº
ϸ֡Ůæǰӻʺǰ鱭ߡɫǵǣܿش𣬡һֱڹĻҲûȥһֱҩԺＸûôô˵ô˵˻ʺһŭɶ
Ȼʺһˣŭµûţ˵ӹȥ
ӱסڹˣһ˾빬ضΪҡ
ʺ׼ʵҲĸӵ顣
ô
ӹź̫๬Ůǻʺˡ߸˵ǶԻʺΪڻʺ󣬼һѽٰ㡮ͨһظɫʼûֲ̿
Ӻڣ
ʺ󲽷΢ͣĿŹһصĹŮ̫ʡǵĽǶȿȥʺܸߴ΢Уƽǰŷͼɴ䣬׿Խǧ
ڡߵԺ

ʺҵʱ
ũߺͲҩҩ԰лվϻմһЩ
ʺ佫Ӵµϴһ飬ĿȴҲʧŭ㡢ܳ⸱ӣеѿ
ҩû˵Ѹٹ̵϶Ա۵ĵ·ٶҲǲ԰ס
ֻо̡ܵâάıƽ⹲棬ӳһᱩĳͻ
ĬԵĿܣûʺĿ⣬òڿԼĶӣڿһķŭںޣǱ̫ˣŻ㻨˼ЩԼΪ֮£㣬ҲڱգҪ󣡡
ʺٽ齥֮ԣɲκη𣬲׼Щ׼漰Ӧ֮£ҪԺӣ׼κ̤룡
ӵºƽȴԵĿŭ⣺ĸΪҪһٱƶֻԼϲҲдĸԺӣԺӣĸֵҪΣ
ʺԳŭˣˣЩҩݶˣ
ʺû˸Ҳԥǰȴס˭ң
Ƕ֣ʺȴӸ׸䡣
˼ֱϱܼ尾ڲ԰һ۴ӺӲͷƤЩҩġ
ܱȵʺҪá
˭ĵ׶
º󲻻ŭͷ϶ʺȴһ
飡
һӼ躽ɢӰУؽĹȥ
ʺ󶼱ַ羢°ڡ
㡪
ʺȻûϵӻᵱڶֿˣŭ֮󣬡ǻŸʲôȥȥε
˻ûǰ
һľмУʺߵ˱˸ɾǵڵϰûǱɳԺⰧš
áúúãʺɫһ˵˼֣һηһһڵϵ̵ķ͵УֱջɲǼ佫ҩĽʵ߰㣬𣬻֦Ҷڽķѡ
ӵɫҲˡ۾кʹ̣ȴղ÷Ҳ޴ӷ
ҲܶԻʺСУִΨһֻԽԽĳĬ˱ܣĹ֡
ʶ֡
ũߺͲҩ˲ڵϡ
ҲںһûһϵļҩƿƷڳʱٶٿ졣
ЮӻʺߺХδаͣ뿪ҩԺ
ʺûüתıӰŭȣվסҪոߣԺӣ
ûһӦû˿ͣȥӰȻʧߡ
ʺһŭġҲΪҲһЩһŭ֮£ʱ˹ȥ
Щԭڵϰûڿǻ赹ܿʺִĳµĹŮǻˣ˹ȥ
ˣʺεˣ

ֵмϣˮȻеһֱֵܳŵϣȴûˣ̷
Ԫҩ÷ԿտĴ·ϣȴһȺﳾľŮΧס
ݵ̤ǣϢҪ嵽Ԫϣü棬ٵɯ
ɯ֮ǵ󽫾һɵ֧ߡ
ɯֳ֮úá


82 
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ǲġ˰, ȥ, ײ·ҲӶ, ÷ŵĽֵ˸С
ԪΧסŮɢЩǵ϶õĹ, Ҳ䣬Ŀ
ɯǰתɫĿ, ҶűС㣿
γԣԪв⡣Ȼš
Сȥջ㣬ȥ¥գ
СŮ˼ҿջѡ
ö˶˻ʲôջ
˵ġǰЩǮʣ޼, ٲڼһ㣬СŮҪͷˡ
ɯƺϢôȱǮ
СԲ˵ѴԪ˵תҪߡ
վס
ɯס
Ԫ΢, С㻹к£
ɯƵǰ, ˼Ļ, ͻȻЦȥ
Ԫ΢΢, ڴԣȡȿȡѡ
ɯ
ʱԱߵŮ, ɯ, Ҫ߰ɣ
ǰ, ȥ, ˵أ

ɯҲ֪ǸԣҪԪͬУ˵ƢһɴӱһֱӽԪҶˤȥҿɲ𡭡
ɯǿŮ
Ȼǻδ˵ꡣ
ɯδٿз棬ƬذɨǰͬʱѨƣ޷̿쵽첻
ԪҲƹȹƮɯһһӱޣ˶ûзӦʱﳾȥ
书
Хɯ־ŭջѡסֵ֣ᡣ
СŮһЩֶζѡȻҲС㲻صġ
ЮֱС㣡
ˣСŮֻǱȽϲԼѡ
Ԫ˵žͽɯ
˷Ӧʱ䣬Ȼһ˲⿪ѨղסΡ
СȻԣݰƥô
Ԫ΢Ц
͵кøС
ɯ΢յĶ˰죬Щ鲻ԸĴＷһá
Ȼô
Է޷ѹסˡ
Ů׷ɯҪԼڳһƥԪ
ڳǵ·ϲؤ
Ҳ֪ôôؤ
øϳǲźá

⣬ʮɽϪߡһ˽ͣϢԪҲϪˮϴ˸֡ȴ˼ڳʱЩؤ·Ѱƽնܿ䣬ֲðͷ
ʶЩؤҲΪƽʱҲˡοʦٶԻһЩ
֮žҲ뾩ˡ
մ㡼ʵһЩϢžг̡⼸յλõȵȡ
ΪžĶ֣֪ϢڵԻӶԣȻӡ
Żᾭ㡼ٳδ¶档
ҪһƣһЩ¡
һŲ߽Ԫȴûлͷֻ΢΢ֱϸָ⻹ˮ
𣿡ɯһʣҲûʲôϣ߹ŹҲ֪Ϊʲô
;˼
ᡣ
Ԫһ֣ɯЩ벻ţ᣿
Ԫת΢΢Ҫ
ɯʮֺɵĽݸõö㣿
֡
΢׹
ͦġ
Ԫ˵пɡϾϰ䣬Եʱ仹Ǻɡ
濴Щǿִס˹ھŮϷĿУƲѰĿꡣ
Сӣµϣ٬سԪ̬ɢ˸ƻһڣ䣡
ΪΣ
ԪвĵʣȴûѾڵĽ׼
δ
Ҳû˾ܽϾǸþ˰ɣ
ϣ֡ꡯһƻЦģҪ˵绰ˡ
Ȼʯһ˲䣡ꡯƻδڡ
ݣ
һƿХ
ϣҧƻصһ΢ŵġꡯ͸ƻ|УмΡ
þ׼˿ֺ㾫׼ٶȣضᴩ͸ǻԺ

оδֱѳɵˡ飬ɫѸٷ׺Ѫɫ亹ȿֺðʧƻ䵽ϣͬǸᣬᵹԡ
ϣɣ
֪ǸŮŵüг
ͬʱԪһٽУң׼ϣɣʲôҲûѯʣȻͣоŵĹͼﾳȫȻ޷ϵ
ס֣ʲô
зӦľ׼ԪѼ£
ԪδţɴҲ˿顣
ϣɽһҲҶʹĿУƻǹɱζٴζ׼ԼļëȻ
㡭
ԪһвأӲپһƻ䴩͸Ƥ
ڵǸƻԭһмƤڵ˸ɭȻ⡣

ϣɼֱͷҡ˹ġɯҲʱ侲ؽסԪ㣡˵ȥԪеĹǺԣһԪ⣬Ԫ̬޶
ԪҲȷʵûм֣ɯȡˡ
Сˡ
˵΢ϢǸģ
ڳ˲ٽῴ
㡭ʲôţɯ˰죬Щһ䡣
һʼֻǾöԷ֪΢ͥ񣬿ɿΪãǾ˵ȤҲ޷û֡ڶԷһչ¶ԷѰŮӣҲɵġ
ġԪڴһ䡣ҲԷʲôֻ΢΢ɽͷжȸա

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ллСʹӪҺƱ~


83 һ
С
޾ɢ
Хвľ, ֻӰ
, ҶࡣΪ׵һӰеͬʱ, ϼӯ¡
ò, θߴüҹӥһǰӵİ׻΢ĴǴһڱصõģ
ݣ
һɶƿ, ǰ׻
𡪡
һҰ޵ͺСֻ׻Ӵںҡ˼º󣬺Ȼѹִۣ
ǲֵЦ, ˮ׺ݡбķ
Ǹĸ
Ӱ׻ƿĿ⣬ķǰԶСɽϡ
ɽʯһĨذ׵Ӱת, ɴ, ݡ
˵ĸоܵȻƽͻȻһȺֶľꡣ
ƻ׼ⷴâ, һвڵɱ
ЩŸȴͬǷľ½ͣ¡ΧںΧλá
ǰһĻȻ׷ʲô˵һԻ, ׷𣬿ǶףԴﶼֻǲԶĸںͷ, û˭벻ԡ
µá
֪ðһŮ, Ԥ֮
Ǿ⺺Ůˡ
ʲô, 㡪
ԶȻֹ, вɯǰһĻЩɵۡŵˣɱķΧһεѹ
磿£ô
ڳͬʱĿ䵽Զİ׻Ϣⲻص㣬ص֧ڰ׻ϵļᡭ
ѴŲµô¡ܿԪߣѹ˵Ǹ
ΪΣв⡣
ɯü΢ɡ˼ƶԷˡڶʳǴ治ǸʵӦȴһʣڣѵַӵעⲻɣ־ⲻ֮硣
ɯ
һ䲻
ɯ˹ȥֹĿ⣬ЩɵԼ֪Ԫʲô˵Ծ䡣
ɽޣ޹СŮҲԡ
δ˵ꡣ
ಣƿԪ
ٶȼ졣쵽Բ׽ֻкһһգ۵Ĺ򣬷ԪͷϵĶ˲𡪡
ɴƮ
Ҳǵʯһ˲䣬Ԫڱܿͬʱ΢̧Ҵͷϡˮ㣬ʼգδ¶ݡ
ϸָ΢΢Ŷң¡˾δСŮǰӽδ棿
ƻЦȾһ˿壬ԥٴң˵ǰһȡңȡ
˽СŮɱԵխ֮ݲüԼõˡ
СŮһ䣬СŮƾ´ãӮ֮һʹҵ´ӦСŮһΣ
ƻ΢ݣЩˣ׾ӵļļȷʵԼﾹһ麺ŮԡŭԷֱ׵˵
׾ӣȴҲʵֻߣһӲ𣿻СŮӦʣ
ƻ鷢ĶȾһֱЦ⣬ߣաȷʵԳΪӡȷӿѰ
µͬʱ
һٴԪΣԪûж㣬Ҳûǲ|ɽʯ
ʯ磡
ԪӶԹ˵СŮѡһСŮͬʱ˭ļһ֣˭ΪʤΣ
ƻĿڿˡ
ڳ֮ˣһ˭ļһ˭Ϊʤ˵ܿЦû˵жʽģ
˵ãǵҲҳҲӦСŮӮ
˿ԪĿⶼɵӡǼ֮ԣ˵ֻ޴
Ӧ񣿡
Сū̱ʧ
֮ſ
ɯûס˾죬¼߳Ӯ׾٣ʲôӦģǺúԼɣ
лСѡ
ԪĵתͷԶɽȥΪһĻʹҼƻ
ߣԺеʱᡣ
ƻĸȥ
ѱԷû̬ȼŭԹҪڲ
ԱɯЩǵ뿪ڣȴֳֹˡԥһ£գһ鲻١
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ԪͣԿտɽϣذȹšңԶɽţһӺѹѹĶ顭


84 Ҳ
ԪңƬѹѹľӡ
мΪĿ, ˭ļ, ӽĿ, ˭Ӯ·˵һѰ顣
ڿƬʱɫ΢, η塢Ҳв⡣
ôҲδȫ
˻ƽƽˡ
Ԫ顪
ҲҲû뵽һԴΪĿ꣡
Ūʦž㣬Ҳڰ¶ƣҲҹơ
ɯңԶľҲһ, Ƿǡ
˵ԭżֿϷ̬Ԫʲô֣Ÿо
ȴǿʼˡ
ԾöԷô޴, ֮벻κνܡ
"֪˭"
֪Σ֪Σ
ԪķʣƮȻ˳ֳһ֧, , ңңƬӡ
ɯҲߵԪ, , 鸴ӣ΢䣺֪֪û㣬ŵ, ǵʦˣΧЩ, ǰĽ
ɯľٴκֹáǰһѽɯԱ߰ס, ΢ѹ, ˵¡
ɯ΢һƲֳ֮ԣЩĪգһŮʲô
οԷû£
ºβٹ
ƬӻԶδʵ̡ǶԪҲδȫٹֻ֮£ȫһ
ɴңκζߡ
ҾٹҲˡ
ƻ΢˼򱾵Ҫɣ
²ʳԡ
ˣУҪ

Ϲ
̴ľɰ֪ɫ޹Сľž㣬ұüо⣬ɫࡣ
Ŀȴδ˯š⣬µڴ뾩ǵؽ磬Щ˵پʧˣǼûˣ˵ҩ
а־ףû¼棬ǰŷֲȷضС١δظװ磬뼸λӴ
Ļ˽¶ƵƵ
ӽΪ±񣬾ǰɽС
ڴƬµɽ֮ϡ
ԪѾ̧ңָɽԶ
һ̡
˵ϢƷһЩı仯
ɫɴ΢һεɽ罻㣬зھʱûƮķ˿ȹɻ
Ѱ˿ңԶѹѹľӣֻԼֱ֮˶ԣ߶Ԫԣרעĳʱһж⣬ֻĿ꽥
þȫȴ
΢ɾĵһ½Ƕȡ
ָ
ҡ
ƿնȥ
˶һ
ֻ缲⣬һţͬʱԶƬѹѹľٿȻ˷Ӧ
ˮ͹һ㣬ڰݿն𣬽ӵնӰ
ЮƺǿûлڵĹӰ⣬ֻٶ
ɢһεӰ΢裬һ룬ಡһС
ѻһɲǼ䣬˱С
ͬʱ
ʮӰɽ֮϶ȥ
ڿնĺӥɱϣХȥƺˡ
ºܿҲȥһ׹⣬ֱɽ
ɽϡ
һڶ̶ʱʧصĶʶһ
ʦž֪˭Ҳϰ֡
Ƽ˼ʹ˸ľ˲Ӱǰ֣һѲѴ֮סԪ䵶УѹŰɴϸĲϡ
Էû˿ļģסû˵
бڹʦǰˣȻΪãҲͲйڡ
˲䡣
ͣɽʯԶûκ俴
øһЩѿסԪ벻׵ġһǰ
Ů͵ϮʦˣµķԸ֮׽áľĻδ˵ꡣ
Ϊߵǰ˭ҲͳԪָֻ䵶á
蹫ӣۣ˵˾Ͳˣÿһ¡
ľһ㶡
ֱ¼ǰŭû
¡
ŤͷεĴкֿԪȻŰɴҿݣװʷλСĪ
˵رļˣΪı⣬Сʦ͡
˵ʱִתԪǰ忡ϣŸɾˬʵЦݣƷǳ
СŮ²鲻
ֻԼȷһ¶ѣҲûܽ˴ߣӾõȾС˵ž뿪ˡ
õΣ

ѯʵᣬ¾Ǿã΢΢е㲻̫˶٣һ·˵ҲΣǶǼֻˣС𱻳ԵùͷӶûʣС⾩ǣΨҼ˺ƣƴˡһν˵ϡ˵䣬ĿɨΧһۡ
Ԫлѡ
¾ûл˼õת뿪ˡ뿪ʱ˻֣˳һȺ
ƺĬá
ڳƺûȫܺͷӦһȺ˻ǺԣɯһȺȴǳ׾ħˡ
Ůһˢǵ֪ߡ
㡭
ɯһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôźá߸˵˵Ļ̫ˣ֪˵һźá
ϣԱ߶˶㡣ԭΪһڻȴǳ˼һʲô˼ʦ䣡
Ԫ֣ɹڵءӰƺЩҡһ£΢΢ɯ
ôˣ
ɯɵǰһʡ
޷鷳һؿջ
΢ɯһ£öԷƿϣûʲôʶľ󡣾ͼڳʹɫȻҪӦ

ҩá
ƹһմ¶棬Щϲ⣬մˡ˵ŽԪεϢ֪
˼ζûҵ㣬˿ջĵַ
ͷʾ֪ˡͬʱĿ΢΢䵽ԱѾվŮ
εҲȲ𣺡մ򡭡
һӣѰũŮӡ

ȻͨȴñѰС㻹ҪЩ
¶յºɫ֪⣬ֱ˵ԴƬ̣ȥȡҩ䡭
ΪǶԷĸײءȵˡ֪ĸѽáʱԥԥʵĸΣ޲ߣðʱԵɺ֪һԳơʥ̡֯
뿪ջ·ϣ˼ŴĻĸϸȷʵнõļķƢ֢״
һʵЩ˼顣
ǰմһֱҩãûҩûЧڲ֪ôʱʥʹ
ûʥҩĸ׷£ԭΪԷԣȴû뵽ĸײˡ
մ㣬Ҳſ˵ģǱҲŲߡ
մҲܼǣõʥҩմҽԺԶˡ


85 б
治, λȥ, ûлءЦǻش
Ҫ뿪, תͿջǰͣ˼ƥЩŴ绨ѤľŮ, һĨذӰȴĿ
ɯͣºŤͷԪҲû˵ѶŮ˼ɡ
ԱߵĹŮСһ䣺㡭û°ɣ
δ䡣
ԪһͷУɯûӦ, һصɫӰ΢΢סԪ
뻳
һĨܰ㡣
΢΢Щ˵΢ɣ˳Ʒſһ±, ȴ֣泹ιȥˡ
ֻܾô§ţҲ, Ҳǡ漴䵽ɯ, Ƕʲôм⡣
ɯҲ΢΢һ¡ǡҲʶ
ԱϳӵľŮ, 󡭡δڱ㱻ϡ
ϴˡֻǸ, ش⼴ɡȻº͵˸о΢ŭ
ɯЩƽҲûʲôԲô£ȴҲҷ
ԼҪż䣬ڹƺͷ˰ɣֻǺ, 󡭡ˡ
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ĵ׼ԥһºɫпĽ˱𣬱˿ջб÷·ûһ㡭
ĵ׷˿˿
ɯ˱˿ջ룬鲻ݵĸȥ˻ͻܲһ֪
¥ɫĻưæƿ˷š
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ˣҾߡ
ɯԹ˽һ䡣ȻߵԱߵܲžͲˡ
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Լ
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һɲ֪ԴάܣǡΣһǹʧ;ƿ֮ʱ
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ᣬܱȴкһǰŮû
ֻ롣
鶼˵ĸѹֻ֡ǰ

һ֮һӣҲһ˲䣬ҽ߶Ըĳء
͵ƣӰơ
Ԫʱҹʱ֡Щ΢ĶҲܿҩļ躾죬־òףɵ̧ɯ
ɯ۾ţͷСףûע⵽ߵĶ
̶һʱ䡣
ԪѾָһ¶ͷ΢΢ˣĿ߹ļϡ
л
ԵʼĩƺһС
躵Ȼ͵ĵлŪ΢һ¡̶Ҫ˵ʲôҲЩ̫Ȼǰ׹鼱֮£ֹеﲻҪ黳
ԪƲ׾ĳĬһ¡׹һ˲䣬һЩ֪
СŮǲˣմ򲻱ھβǡ
һ˿Ҳɢ˸ͷ̫Լ嵱һ£֮ǡ巢֮ĸᵡ
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СŮԺ⡣
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ܾδ̫ȥδĻϣδԼΣϡ
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ҩ롣
΢΢һˮ
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Ԫһˮ嵭˿еĿɬζ΢΢С
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ԪлС㡣
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ܵĹǶų
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һЩ˵˼һ㣬Ҳÿһ㣬ֲϧԼȥ顣
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鶼öºմ뿪лתҩãԪڿջϢһҹٹȥ
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СҪһЩ
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ɯҭ΢գ㻹
С˵Ӧݡ
ɯߣ֪˵Թ˻⣺㣬𣿡
Ԫ΢΢Ĭû˵
ɯʣʦϵ񲻴
ʱ򣬽ƾ۾Ľۣһʵ
ɱ˿ûỹȱ˵
СΪҺڴˣ
ɯ˵˭ü䣬˼һ뵽һЩʲôͻȻǰԪ̽һ
Ȼҳء
㣬ǣʦְɣ
ɯĵ׾书Ӧûжߣʦ֣Ҳ֡

֡
Ԫɫ֣ĲʣС㻹鸮ô
¾ͻȥ
֪ʲôҪСͷ



86 סҩ
һ
ûȵɯϢĸе˹
ﻹװű顣
ʱ빬Щ, ܲȥ, ڵ˾, ɫЩ̫ãĸ㻽Ϊ£
, ùľ뿿ϣһȺŮźţȣҡȡ
ӻ, ɵֵԪ£ĸͲܽ˵˵ˣ
̬Ⱥܳ硣
ȴû, һɻҪæΪ񡣡
۶ӡҲ֪ӵƢ㲻ٶ, , ˵˹ĶŮôһ£
ȴ˵Լ, ҵļƻ, ˵ҲΪЩôҪΪǰյϢ˵žйעҲȷʵߣҪ뾩, Ų˼ץ
ԭвʦž, ٳɱ, ʱʧȥ˾ž, ûڹؼʱóֻͽ
ô˵鸮Сݣһõġ
ΪйעؼϺһһ
⺢ӣĸ㾹Ҳ˵ʵЩûƳһֵۣˣ飬ĸҲùʣλضС㣬ȴҪ
üʲô
ǰ㸸ʶ߽ӡ˵ҶŮʱ棬ʺҶŮİˡ
ʼĩ˵һ顣
¾ǹ޵ϱȻŮҲǸ£Ҫ⣬ýȢҪ⣬ʵϵ
ЦЩŭýȢΣǴͰѲҪŮңֱд
ǰûⷽ룬ɫҲ΢һ㸸˵պҲʵرһ£ץõ㸸ʸǰ˵ġ
ϲͷ֪ˡ

ջ
Ԫ˯һҹ
ʱڷùûưҩľϢ֮״̬һЩ
Լǰҩõʱ
·Ľֵ²ûݵ֡һˣѾ뾩ˡ
Ĳ²⣬ܿõȷϡΪûã͸оڸţһ˼ƽԱߵСӡ
ȥ֮
ãŲһССС㣿С㣬𣿡
Ԫһ
ʱϲȥԪסСҵˣ
ϲһЩǻ
ĿǻԽԽԣ˲ġء
ѹֱˡ
С㡭С㣬ᵽ˾ǣһΪΪҲˡ
˵˵㱻ˡ

ԪɰţŶ϶ĻĵЩΣҲãˡ
һ仰
һְĵ
һ󡣽ֹ˿Ĩ󣬲ԪѯУ˵뾩顭
һ˰ǵġҲǸˣ˷Ŷ顣ׯһЩݣֱڹؼºͷɢ֯롣
ҹ͸Сˡ
Ҳˡ
ھ£˲ؤھǿ˼̡
Щ԰˵ʲôҪ¡ԣҵСҪһȷϣС㣬ׯǮô鱦ûˣǸˡ
ʵĿġ
Ԫ֪е˭ԴˣʾԼ˼ų׷ꡣСģ˷ٶǮҲ̵¡
з¡
Ԫ̧䴦һ¡źɴҵıꡣ
ҹ
ԼһСꡣվӵǽϣֲҶ㼷üŪ۵밢к

ϵȽǡ
Ԫĵ΢΢Щ⣬ȴɫʣźδ
裺СҾ
ҹŶҵĺɴ俴ҲûʲôӦСЩɻ̧ͷ

ġҲɳƣûʲô档ҲȫȻûб仯ƶһ˿ײϿɡ
ԭ򡭡
Ե֮ˡ
ɽˮݵദˣĸоɲ⡣ˡƺ֪ܶ顣ܡԼҪҵˡ
һУתתΪǰŮԼǸ˵ֻҪǣҵҵҪҵˡ
ҵһֱĵʵĴ𰸡
ˡ
ԭһ뿪ջǰҩõԪҩʱѸˡ
δסҩãҹ֪ԼŴϵ
ҽŴ
ҹһҹҩã漴ȰϢ뿪ˣǰȡӦϢ
С챻ʱ
СĸڰԪЩ˼ɡ裺£Сˣġޱϡ
ҩ޲͡
ڿԪŵʱ⣬ȴδʣϵЦԺºͣƴů硣
ôˡ
Ԫպ󣬾Ҫ鷳ˡ


87 ӿ
ҹ
ƹ뿪ˡ
ΪҲ뿪
ҩֻʣԪˡ
ҩ, ȴҲС, һԺ, ᷿
ɽ񣬻Ҳġ
Сǰҩġ
һҩþͱֳҩĵʶβܸȤ躿, ֪һ˵Щʲô㿪ʼҩæ
ӡ顱
߶ҩĵʲôæ̧ͷȥ, Ԫ߳΢΢Щȴ¶аЦӭϼ
ѲƵǰƹݣ, ɫҲ׾ࡣԲԲͦϲ
СС㡣
Ԫһ˿Ц⣺޷æ¡
ССѾ첽ǰһ, մ˵С岻, ҪϢǡСҪҰںԺҩء
ԪЦһ£ʵ, ҲӦҲһ
СЦ, ƲôһЩ
С֪ʲô飿
Ԫ˼ʣûҵĴ𣿡
δע£Ҳ֪һЩ
һֱҴ硣ôҵһ˵ĻӦ׷, Ҫҵھǡ
Ե޹ҹߵô߸˵, ҹԵ޹ʶ⡣
֮Ĺ㡭
ҪҵĴйءȻ⻹ֻĳƲ⡣
Сᵽʱ, ɫ΢, ûУ֪˵ǻҵ硣˵ϣ
磿
Ԫ˼еľ磬Ӧǡ
ˣ
ŸС¡
ֻһϮɫӰӺ߳
ҹ
Ԫ̧ȥҩôѹأṦԺǽٴ֡
ҹ俪ڣʲôЩɳơЩġ
ԪҲԼ˼һЩйص飬⣬Բ˵ԭӸСʳЩʲôȻˣֱ
ҹøСȥ˺󣬲鲻Ķʣ֪
Ԫ˼һ£硭ҵĴ磿
ڳһѿ϶¡
ҡҷĻƹӰ¡
ҹɬ˼֣֪ЩкôҪϢ˵ŽһŶ
Ȼ˵Լ顣
ԪҲͲ׷ʣһֱۡӵ˽ׯȻУŮӲֻ֣Щѵɱϸ֮
ӡԪ˼ĶŰֽϵǼ֣޳
޳
³һ˲䡣
оҹһɶɱѡ

ϴˣ
ӲŴӹ͵֪ϢɫǺܺá
ΪŮջԶһŮ˼⣬ƫֱ˺һִˣ
ôҲû뵽
˾ǻᱻϴǷߣ
񡭡֪ԷǴӣֻΪβΪͦصġ
ɯʶĽһ¡
ľ󣺡ӲΪ壬ҵ㡣
ӡšһ仰ΪȻϾģ̇ɯӴһ£ùϴ󣬶עҲʵһ£ڱ¾͸ðʱ
ɯûӦֱϸ簵ʹɫƷӦ㣬ǡʲô°
ӼԸʦĹϵ⣬ʲôӦ鶼´һ顣
ǡ
ƾʲô
ɯĵԽƽ룬ɲߣҲùʦҲкʲôͻ޹ء
ľԼõƢҲЩ˽⡣¼˵ȥӲ죬ʱԲ廰ϸһ󣬱˸ͷ˴򷢳ȥԼֽ顭
һ棬ӶԪӴ߶ƽͬʱ
ž֪ͬԪϴӲߡӡϴߡ֪ǸǴӽ˴߶ԼѡС
ûʵĹʦ
žһɫϣұȻ󡭡ش֮ԽܲͲᶯһ¡
ѡ񡭡
ԭΪѡġ
ȴеܱӺáӿףĻӺӦ
ϣˡ
žָ΢̧ƺԼеơ
ľƱ
弤֮µö
бۿЩͬҽ˵˲˾͸ٺȾƣûŶ
ž㡰šһҲ֪Ǹʲô˼ƱҲ֮䵽С
¼״Ҳûޣ˵һ¡ݣƮȷ
ȷǣضСͬˡ
žƬ̺󣬡顭
ˡôĵֶһ˵ͬʱͬڳ¡
ͬʱʵٳʺ󾡹ܶԴʧ͸ӱ²㡣
䣬ӡճͻĸڻʹೣԴײϣ濴ƽľǣԽӿ



88 ʵٳ
΢졣
Ҷ¶䡣΢Ĵ, ûˮ, þòɢ
ˮ峺ס
ӳرߵʯʯʡԼˡһĨذӰ, һˮ֮Ǻµɫ
ҸоѾࡣ
Ϊüͷȴ΢΢, Ĳ鷽ȶٶ񻯣޶ٺת֮󡣡
񲻻Ҫ鷳ܾá
Ҫ£
ǡ෴
šԺ⣿
⼸գ۴ü䳣˼, Ƿʲô£˵Ҳܰϼæ
ԪͶȻö, Ҳ˲ŷ
΢΢Щһûϵ˵۲΢
һ˲䡣
ЩĶġ
סˣûȷشʲô֮վ, ˮر, ųе㡣
ٳ, ȷʵġ
ֻ顣
ʵڲ׾˵
Ԫ⵭ȥ, ܴ̽ݣΪ
ѵûرº͵ĽͣĲ֢, òͬҩ뷽, ҳõҽұ취, , Ŀġ
Ԫ˺
΢΢Щԡ
ͬλڻȨģǰ֮ˡ
ĵ̾˿
̹ϣҲ֪ԴЩӣҲĿʾˡҵ𣿡
ֻǻش𣺡۹ǺݣڡֻҵĲˡ
΢ů
ҩ㰵ˮɫӰ
ԪƳĬƬ̡
Ҵݶϻ뾩Ĺʦž㣬һЩڡ뾩֮ӼϣĳЩԭӼ̫һΣյ顣ڣҶԴֻһ𣿡
Ϊҽǲ֪֪װ֪һֱȥȴЩס
Ƕ˵ơ
µһ˲ձ
ֵůˮ潥˺˪ôһһεᡭ
ܰ
վڳر߷·ûһҲ飬ȴܸоһ˲΢塣
Լ½ս֡
վǴǲƹ֮سˡ
ΪһҲմȾЩԭͿܵҲʰеĻ벻Ρ

ܵһ˿

ͬһʡ
ʦž㡢ӼƻӼ
䣬赭дû˿еη塣ѰŮǷҲ֪ݲŻ
һ˸ý㽫ֹԪһ㣬ҲΪŴһδ֮ǰ½

ʱһһĹȥ
ԪĵĵĻش紵ȹͰɴѩƮţ˵
躲䵽ˮϵĿ⣬΢ӳˮذӰֹ̣ˮֻžĿĸо
Ҳַƽĵ
ƽĿҲ΢΢ʧ㿴Ǵ峺ˮ档зҶƮ䣬ˮϵһƬƬ΢
Ҳ˵ӳˮĵӰ
ĸо
ʵҲһֱЩ˵ر쳣ͬ˵ĸоܺദʵȴֺܿ
ϸ
Ҳδǰعʲô
šҵˮȴѹɢȥӰ档
ٴ
ΪҪЩ
ֻǾ˵Щ
ʱ֪ݵģ
ҩ֮ʱʱһЩ²⣬ǣмƵ۽ϡ
Ļ϶ֵȻ
ʲôشĸо
˺ȴ˵ĬƬ̣˼ʵԡת΢΢Ҳָյºﾳ
۹ΪΣֻҪﻹڽҵҽΣͻҵĲˡ
ԭҲĲˡ
Ϊһ㲢ͻͨһ֮Ѿ࣬οĿһʼϵĹŹֲ֢Ҳϡ
Ԫлˣʹ˽ҹĵ΢΢һͬʱǰôɯҲ֪ģҲûʲôҪҪǻ
͸ɴ
躡
ⲻԶҲˡʶ˵æĻʱɯ͵УһŮ
մ򡭡
Ͳ˵ҲûУ
մմһֱΪβ𣿡
ǰŭȴֲò̡
ίζ
ԪЩεüģǾ͡Դɡ
û˵ꡣ
ѾԽȥطϢɡ

*
ʵٳ
ͷĹԱȨ󶼴ļҾ빬ʢ䡣
ϲų죬ʢ糡
һǸʵۺλãһǸʹ󳼼Ҿǡ
ԺҾ˵ûʲô
ԾҾ˵ȴǱúܡ
رɯƽվΪ˵ľŮǡܸƽֵܵĻһںȾƴڳ⣬ֱҪǵ
µֲòӡ
һֶ֪΢Ƶʵ۸ǰЩ߰顣
ɯԹ֪΢νǺ޵ۿһȺŮУ٩٩̸ҷӭˮĵϧ׻ûܽǸ˴иڡǿҲС

Ǭ幬ǰ
ϯ̨֣輧Ȼ󳼵ĺڶһƬϲ֮ɫ
Ůæµšϯ䣬|ϣŸϵĻʵۣĸߴʢҫۣͷϵ΢ΣЦݺƶֲʧ̬֮
΢ٿ㣬ѰŨüĿ
ΣڻʵߵĻʺҲŵЦݣȴ΢΢Щ
ֱŮߵ˵ЩʲôŻһЩ
һ˿ŭ΢ġ
˿ס´٣Ҳʲô˶ԽԽˡ
ʺŭȴѹüֻͣڸǰĴŮ塣
ŮҪȥšλڻʺǰҲм̫ȴʱˡ
С˵Ӵ˻
˵
̫ԷΪڣСڻʺ˵һǴѾ׼񣬺ܾ˻ʺİţΪǰִǸйһ⣬˵ˣзִ磬ûʺıɡ
֮⣬ҪʺҪ׶˶֡
ʺǿЩסڸʱϯһ徲ϸ
֪ǰ֪ӴŮӺɫѿָӲ
Ҳ׼ʺǸʲô뷨ֻ̽ԵĿڣ¿׽ŮӣʵҲǺ¡Ҵ¼ȻϴÿԽ˻ᣬʵһ¹ϵ
ӳ˶Թ鲻֮⣬ŮҲôģ͵Ůӣͽȥôͳôûһ¡
ϴһŮߡǿ϶ŮӲһġ


89 ʵٳ
ʺԴʧ
վԼĶ, ֪, , ֵһ˼, ɫδõȥӿ׽ŮǺ£ȴʵڲ񻰡
ĿĲʲô
˶Ůӡ
ǡ

ӵĹ
һŮԪӷ߳ȡɴ, ǹصݡ
ɫ԰ףȴʮ۽ǵ룬һ˵ζ
šԭĿʱ, Щ˼΢ת
Ƶ̤ſڵǳɫװŮʱɲǼ΢΢Щʧò㲻϶, ȴƿĿ⡣һƺʲôҲܾŵƽȻ
ҵģǷвףԪĿʡȻ̬͡
躺ܿع, , ޲סֻǿŮֵȻʹڳ
Ϊ˲ʧֵ̬ʱ仹, ҴڹĴ䡣
ʹ򡣡
֪ʵΪΡԪҲûлƺ
Ҳϰƺ

ʹ̻Իͣߣ滨԰
Ԫų˹ȥȻŶɴ, 뵽ʲôһʡ
֪ĺ, Ƿѽ׵
躣ѽȥšҵù
֮
δ顣ͬҲδʲô, ҲֻһЩҽ߷⡣
Ȼ̫Էϸȴ־̹Ȼദʽ, Щ˵ĸоٲС
ǶںദС
¶˷֮¡Ҳ͵һЩʶ֮Ϊ̸²˼ԣԭ׼֮һַʽͳ
ԪԴֻһЦ֮˼ĵӵĺ챦ӵĺȡĲ壬֮񡣡
Ļʦĺ񣬲δʲôҲͲ뿼Χˡ
Էһڶ֮ǰͳյЧһЩ
ģʲôʱͳһ
Ƶĺܸʤһ
ұ
ԪԱ㲻˵ʲô΢΢ͷһۣɫ첢ڼЦһʱЩ̫Ȼתͷȥ
ٹǰ԰ˡȥĹţǸʵ糡ţ԰ҲϯǰĴ󳼼Ҿ졢Ƕ桭
Ԫ΢΢˳԰ȥú֡
Ҳȥȥɾڴ˷ֱ𣬴ϯ֮һ˴Ӧ
Ԫ룬Ȼ˵˾䡮Ҳáзֿ֮⣬ֻǲ
ȴ΢΢һ¡˼ȡ彻ŴΪѣʾ֮
Ԫ̧΢΢ҲûȥӣֻʣｻңͲʲô𣿡
ŵùŵù
Ԫ΢΢ЩĬˡ
Űɣ˴ȹ⣬º͵ЦЦȻҲһڹߡ
Ԫ֮޵¡΢΢ЩԣջΪһ̾Ϣġл
ûʡΪֻʹ￴
Ҳû˵˷빬Ŀġ

԰
һϲޱȡŮæµУ԰Ϸ̨ӣӹ⻨ؽϷѽѽĳϷʢװŮڿ̨˵Ż
Ϊ׵ġҲΪ۵һ׵ͷ԰׵ĸˡϣȴ̬üϣʺŲµơ
̫
µĸ
ʵ۵ࡣյĺУ̫һ˶Ⱦ֮סȷе˵ʱûνλ󣬲Ž˺˵ء
۽޼ֵܸ޼иһĸͬãδޣҲڹС
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ
ôҲλۼر̫ʵǰͬɡ
ϯϺ֡
иȦ뻰⡣
ΪĻԾıȺĹŮǡ
֪΢оǵһŮ֮Ů飬õʵ۵ͽᡢֻŷģΧݡ
֪΢ҲȴȻӦ֮˿ڲվоֹŶĿ
ΪŮӣѧ֮Ωꡣ࣬١
ᣬƵһЩ˲̫ۣͬ粵涼˵ˡ
ɯʵȥˡ
ɴ̫ܵһ״
̫ҲϷˣ룬˽֪΢ǰҲ𣬶Ҷ˵˵ΪѧɵŮ顭
Ҳ֪ʲô˼
֪΢ɫȻӦһǡţֿʼһͷ˵
ڽĹвɫ۲̫ϵ顣
⣬һΣŮ̫ƳҲҪﵽĿ֮һ
ִŵ˵ЦݿһԱߵɯҵһƱΣһʱΣĿʲô̸ֹ֪أ



90 Ҹط
콫Ůڡ
ڹ֪΢ᳵ·顣
һų, ׵˵Իɵ, ЩʱҲ˵
ϲڴڡ
һһ, ֻһŲȥŲȥȻͬĽ
ͬڡ
Ϸ̨ϵϷ޶˹ע
עǰĹ֪΢ɵĽСһΪʵٶٰ, ѱ̨
е±ǲţŮ޲űǵ¡⣬սãŮڣڼ, ӣٰüеߵ, ˾
֪΢һӹŮ֮С
˵֮
˲ʱǻĺ⣬ЩɶûôڣΪ̫һֱû˵, ̬Ȳ, ڹ̫̬ȡ
ɯʵǱﲻסˡ
ôϲһ, Լغˣ
һ, һ׹أҪȥأž߱壬޹زɷԲ, ƶ޹ҡ
֪΢Ļº
̫ڻ
š
м־Ӹµ, ŹؼҳŮѧ, 񰧼, ȷʵ𾩳ǵһŮ֮

鿴ȴֲôˡЩȴûڳκˡ
̫
ɯвŵĽһ
̫ϵĿСУɺͳ˼ҹС㡭
ɯ˵̵ͬʱ
ϯһǡ
۵Ļ¡
һĨǳɫӰվƬ̡һЩۺ󣬱ת뿪ˡ
ˡ
ֻ˳·ȷһЩ顣
ȷϹ֪΢ѽеֵز
ϴ֪΢һ֮Щ⡣֪΢ȷʵϻ۶ţҲƱ棬֮䣬ֵ
ˡ
һƳ确Ů޲űǵ¡ıˡ
Ŀꡣ
еߵ˾
޹زɷԲƶ޹ҡ
Ща˶Уһ⡣
²ķ
Ѿ֪֪΢Ŀʲôˡ
ͬʱȴҲµʳ֡
֪΢Ŀλ˭ڹ֪΢ƶ

Ԫ뿪԰
һ·˼԰
ͬʱ̫һٵɯҲҽڳˡ䣬Щףɷһ·Ϲ˶׷˱ܿ
ԽԽ졣
ԽҲԽ
ƳһֱǰĹŮߵòŮͥС㡣
ŭͻȻҵ˷йĿꡣ
վס
ǰԪʱЩͷֻۣ·Ǿֱͨ԰ķͻһˡ
ޱҪ
档
¼޷ҲֻܡǰŶʱδݣڼѻعصݡ
ϳҲ޷
ɯԷֻͣת˼ûк߽־һ͸źݾԷϳȥ

Ԫֻ΢΢һָ̧֣һƣ׼׼ץס±ӡͬʱҲ˱ϵͷβûлͷ
Сŭй޹𣿡
ģûʲô档
Ǻбʶȵ
㣿
ɯ۾һǰɷ˵ͽԪתȻĿת˰죬ԭ㳤ӡ
˵жϡ档
ȴֶĿһµо
ԼԼƺһҲ벻ˣգԪҪߣãҡ
ԪѣתҪǰߣС㻹δشҵ⡣
û𣿡ɯЩͷջرɿıӡ
Ԫʣأ
ɯƼЩ棬㬵ĺһǸй֪΢ģҪ־͹ȥ
Ԫ΢ٺ󡣻ǰȥǨŭǿֻһͨСŮС㲻ʶһޣҾ͸𣿡
ɯ˺ɫ΢ֹûش𡣸һ·󣬡ȥ
һط
ɯȤʲôط
С֪ʲôר¼ϵĵط𣿡
ɯһ飬Ȥʱ˴룬ܻʹ飿
š
ʵ۵鷿аҪȥ𣿡
ߣԹвϤԼԭĿҲ鷿ʱҲȥ

ղصĶǻʵ۸Ȥ鼮
ʷʦְλԼһЩص׼ء
һЩΪ֪飬רŵʷڲᡣ
žͬһڣǾͲӦǾˣ֪Ǻʱɵĳá
Լ
ԪͻȻӳһˡȻúԶҲһ۾ͿĨɫӰ
ӹˡ
ɯͬʱһ˿Ψֲҵڴйʦ
Ǵʱ˿̵λڹϣ涼Ǹ߸ߵĹǽ޴ɱܿ


91 ưӿ
ߡ
ͬʱڶǰͣ¡
Ԫվɯ벽, ͷ, ǰͶӰ鵭
Ů¡ʦˡ
ɯǰûü΢, Ŀ顣
Ϊ
ѾʵɯȴǴҵȹСŮ
ǡǾĴ, ɢ
ǲĽ͡ްĶŮƽʱͷģ
¡
ͬ
ķʽȻҲͲͬˡ
뿴žǱʲô̬ȡϾ, һ֮ɴŮϴҲ޾ٶʵ벻͸
ӵƬ̡
ҲûԱߵĳа㶯㲻, ַ˶̬ͣĥ͸
ڳˡ
оΧЩŹֵѹ֡
ֶͣ˵ԵֻŮҲ˵ﲻԾ
ջǼٴοڴ΢ļž䱸ɭ, ߣ, һɱ⡣
һʼĿСŮδƿ
Ԫȴû̧㡣ĺ޷Ӧ, СµСŮ, ˭ҲɯЩ
ӵɫЩÿɫø첲һԪ, 㷢ʲô
ûС
޻ڵ漴̧ͷϵļ, СŮ¡
δֻȻ͡
ļ
ɫЩÿ
СŮڵ, ֪¿ʱԸһ
俴Ŀ΢, Ҫ˵˵֣ӣ˻ȥ
Ԫ΢΢ԥһ£ǰߣȻֱ

Ƽٿ
һĳХŹγ֮Ϊ޲ɢҶ볾Ҳϵȹɴ
΢΢ĽŲ
̧ᰴסңż˼飬΢ڻɫһ˲䣬Цˡ
ֻһɲǼӰӡ
˵ҡӡ̡
ҪСģߴˡ
·̾Ϣһִ͸Ȼˡ
лѣСŮԻСģв̤һ
Ԫ֪ڰָĶߵ̫ˡ
ΪӽпܵĻλ̳ߡ
̨пܵӣܵģԲʺΪλǻƱ
ĻǳǸôʵϲԼĸǺŮӣ澳ûмֻ֧һʦͷ
λҲһѶȡ
ԼⳡȨлҪһδ֡
λԶԪ̨ɽ޵ĳۼĹˣ̬Ƚǹؼ
Ԫջӵĳߡ
ʦĳͣʲôҲûһ㣬ô뿪ˡ

ϿɫƺЩ
ΪŵĶԻһ˼ûʲôԥѡǹʦʹġ
ɯҲԪֹˣСڳԴСŮƬ̾ͺãСŮ˵仰
ɵ΢΢ס˽Ų
˼³ĿЩ浱ȥȥģԸУվɯ΢ֲ̫ð

ӵĳĹ㲻Ҳ谵ֻЩľš
Ķժ
СŮϳĿġ
ɫһӳˣ͸˵̬ȡǾž̬ȹŹ֣ûõú̬ȶԴǰ֮ˣ㲻Ļߣץź
ڵ£Ҳڵ£ΪСŮһͬĵˡ
Ŀ΢ܣŶ
ԪƴӣͲ֪õ¶ٹ
һ˲䡣
зưӿ
Ŀ֪˵ʲô𣿡
СŮй˼ǣڵǰڡΪֳ֮֮˲вӺ|֮£˽£λ

¶
ׯ֮֡
ҪӵĶ޳Ĵڡ
Ӷ̨ϣֻ֣жʧƣ֣ڰŻḡˮ档
ԪӴɳʶ󣬱ʱ뿪УԻʵ粢ȤֱԺȥ׼ء
ʵٳ¡أģǬ幬Բλá
ԪǱ뺲ԺĹ̻˳
ʱʷپԲţͬʱܼϢķ
ʷϼء
ĻӾµľ貿ԼΪסͳΪ峤ҲĿʵۣ֮
֮⡣һλıߵľʦλʦûж٣ѿǸóıߡ
ϣա
ϣɵļôԪ˼طţֽϣϣһ֮أλȴ縱һ塭
ţ
һ˿ɡ
޻ڽ﷢һԲһ鼮һӰ²ɡὫ֮һϸϸĻҳ
¼
۱Ѱζ֡
ԺףһźˣͲŲλãÿ궨ڵάޣһҲⱾ鼮˹һ

ϡ
󳼵͵òࡣ
Ա̫߳࣬ɤӶЩˣҲûи㣬Ϊʦ뼸λӵĺͷϷ
Ż̺ĻԻ͸̨ϣۡŶλֱܳҡ
˭Żʵ˭Żʺλ˽¶ִʤ˻ʵһλã̫˵ڻʺࡣͷŻʵ˵
Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ûʵ鲻ĿЦѾЦǰӼĿ¶οҲЩڴ
Ǹʮٵףʸ綫ٱɽ
̴ӽŵĸŹصĺ糤ϻӣҲС汻סС̫æСǰСҿ˺񡭡
Ǹϻӡ
žƣǶԲӨ͸ĺڡ챦ʯΪ׺⣬ӰΪ޶Ŀ
վڿտ̺ϵЩ⣬̧̧䣬Խϻ򿪣ʣϻǶһĿĲѰá
ʵƱȤǰӡ
ӵĺһϻϻıڵ̬ˣϻпգעˮɿˮ衣
Ҳ
ʵۿϡ棬鲻ķ͡űӣЩڵмһˣ漴Լ
һԻƵıУԻѪգɫѪ֮еζѪȡ
ʣ˶֮׻ȡǶΪݣΪǣѪ侫ڣ϶Ϊһ֮ϣױа
һ;Ѫޱȣٿ͵ǰĵģ˵ˡǶӵһ⣬Цĵͷ¡
ţˡͣ


92 
֮
ʵĿ⺬Ц䵽ĻϡƽȻô׽, Ļÿ͵Ǵĵϲġ
ԭԥĴ, 㻺һȡ䲻Ⱥ, ȴЩʵ۵̬ȡ
Щ䣬Ŀļ褶ݽӡ
߱΢΢һЦ
½Ȼڼ, һСС
ոʴ٣ף٣³֮, ೤
С̫СĽӹתųʵʵ۸ǰ
򿪽С
̫΢΢̽ͷһۡ
ĶʱΪԼ۾ˡ
𢡢ģ
װھĽСʵɫҲ΢΢һ, ʲô顣
ȵĳǵ𡭡Ļӵﻹأ
Ӷ֡
ڳ˶Щȡ
褿ϴŵЦݣΪȷǡЩ, 洦ɼ, úܺ, ɼǸʺ鸣, ҳŻ˲ʢ˳мѺ̣
ʵմá
ǼΪ֮, ֮ܲ, һΪ֮
áúãø˳, ȷ֮, 㲻⣬˽⡣ͣ
ʹ͸ǵĶԤõģ̫ϴЦ
"лʡ"
ĻӺֻʣ´ˡ
ʺĵЩǡҲӵĲöֻҪйоصľС
Ѿǰ̴ӸһˣһԲͲ״ϸ׹䣬߶ĹƮɫ
ڴ΢΢ͣʵͬʱ
ٿһƬɫնɫãչӳۣһƬɲǼȼڵĻ棬ʱסͬʱ̴ֲӽеĻչ
̶һ˲䡣
ɶּɢķС
Ѥ̰Ʈ䵽ϡ
̴ӵӰӰµͬʱӳеͣڴһƬ׳Ρɽͼ
һ죬ȷǣĺ޵Сڷɡߣʥաףһ꣬껪̫ƽʱ
褿ɴŵЦݣ˼ĿŲ֪ʲô
žĵĳ˿ھơЦЦȾϼΣյζѾѹҪд·ûĻϡ
ò˵һȷʵ
ӡӵɫѾҲΣԢԶԶķʽչֳ
ʵĵҲ΢΢ЩˡԴʵǲʲôڴģ͵Щ֪ʲôĵҩʲôǿĵҩ
̫ҽԺеЩ
"У֮쳯ɽӡ֮ڻϽ軨׷īˮУ̫ҽԺƵҩζԣ֮Чƽﳯæ͹ȶܺúϢŴ㣬ӦӦĻ֮Ч"
ҩʵԼƵġ
ȥҽԺ˼ζҩѡ֪ŲҽԺʹ֮ġ
Ȼʵ֮󿪻Ц
"áúãϴҲˣǼֵܵϲдЧţҪŵ鷿ͣ"
ʺҲ¶οЦݡ
ʱסˣ£͸ϻҲɷ鷿ơ
Զıа֮ЧҲġҲæ˵ʱư㿴һۡ

ڼλӶ
ֻһϯĹʦ̬ɢվλñȽϿλεĴ󳼣νʮˡڵϡϵ˿ǼߴԵĻɫ
֪ʦ͵ʲô񣿡
ǰʦŽ뾳ΪȡҲ֪޼۵õôơ
ڳ˶Щڴ˽۷׷ס
˲֪
ʵȴ֪һЩģΪڴžĿݡ
ź㣺"ԸڻʹԸŽɽ𢡣ԸŷɷۣԸΡ"
ʵߵ̨ܹ"ʦ첻ض񣬴Уˡ"ܹ̬ܵȻǻʵ۵̬ȣһЩ󳼿־ηҲ֪λʦô͵ñ˿ء
ΪǽѣǳΪžУ̫ɽѰʥټ֪׳ҩ
˵ʱһӽǰΪ׵ĽУһʵӡȵЩŹصͼ
ϸ壬ñ濴ƽʵʵܷţûпԴ򿪵ĵط
ӵľ»ڲͬ
һֹ϶صĸо
ֻžְϵĻأ΢ŵĻУ򿪣绨ɢıΣһйӰһö羧¶ҩ


93 ʥҩ
ҩ, Ѱ, Чһ޶, ֮ɷϻͯ١
ž¾֮ԡЦ⿴ƹ˳, ȴ͸һ˿գİ־ף׽΢ܹ, а
ڳЩ졣
ٵҩţҲȷ£ⷵϻͯҩ˾Щˡ
ʥҩѱڻʵ۸ǰʵ΢΢ֱ, ڴң۵鵤Ө¶峺ɾ·εĹƻԭЩĵ, ĵԽ
ʦ, 鵤, , ܿʹ˷ϻͯ
ڷܼ֤֮Ч
žԻʵ۵̬ȿƹ˵ᵡһּġħƶ˱˰ĸӡ
ʵЩԥй, ڹӰеľӨҩ, ֿƲסԼǿȻ˼
ҩ
ҲŲʦ, һ˿ܵĹġ
Աλ쳤
, ȻǲŵģʵȻѶģû˵Ȱָ͵ʦˣ˳˵Ҫҩۣܱĺá
˵
ڳĴҲóȻ΢΢Щֻһܡ
ʺ˳ǣƳһλŵҩûƿ۾ĻʵۣмЩ˵ĸ顣
ʱĹȰ˶ûС
ȰȰ
ɻʵ۲Ļֺαطģ
"ģá"ʦ˵΢΢һ£Ŀ֮䵽һüŵĴϣ"һ¡Ŵҽˣҩо"
˵ЩʱЦЦӣĿƶһ˵ġȴ˸ܵƵζ
ӭĿ漴"ͨƣʦˣŹʦԣҩԳɽʥ壬֪ʥĴڣ"
һϸȺȡҩзϻ֮ͯЧҲðġοеϲӦֻء
뵽˹⡣
λʥʥҩ
ʥ֮£˵Ҳ֪ȤºѰһһ̽ʡ
һҲ֪
н¶
ʵ۶Ѿ֪飬ʱ˿̣ʳûʲô˼ˡ
Ӳɵÿʵۡ
ʵ۶ĿҲû˵ʲôĬ˹ʦĻֻЩ΢΢üôҩɲôŵùֲ÷ԣΪԵ̫ιʦˡ
ʵ۲˵ʲô
ĵֶҩɣǰȥ;ʺǰĶһּۣջˡ
֪࿴ʺǲ̫ͬҩġ
һ۾ʵڷŲ¡ĵƹ̫֮ҽԺǡ
Ųȴ̫ҽԺŲɵġ
Өĵҩ
еСľ»꣬ԵУȴ͵ĹĹӰ뵽֯еҩôǾ˫챦֮
ҩζ
ҲʸС
ƾ۲ζֱ棬ҩ쳣ҩƶɣƾζܿٷֱ
Σ'
ʵȻʲôڴȲһ䡣
ԥһ£ֻ˵ҩƾζ޷ֱ棬ҪȡһЩɷϸ飬罫̫֮ҽԺ͸֮󣬸ٷҲ޲ɡ
Щ벻׻ʵΪִҪʱáһʱ̣񲻸ã
ҩ죬ѱ棬侭رŴȥҩԻ仯룬ҩɢʱЧǡ
ž㲻
˭ﻰ˼Ҫ˿̷á
ĻҲȷʵܷΪ˭Ҳҩ״
ʵһҩЧӰ죬űȰһ˿ͷѹȥĿⶢҩ΢΢ЩƲ۾εԽ룬Խǿҵ룬ֹʡ
ûʵ۵״̬̫ԣƺֻϸ
ʵúܡȻҩ뷨ǿңҲйǡϧֱ̫ҽԺļϳ۲һ飬ȷϴҩû󣬲Ŵҩ
ʣΪҩؼһʱ
΢΢Ȱ˵ʲôЧ
ֻǿŲ˵ĻȫϹۡ
ʵڲȰ˵Ļֿ
ΪԷá
ʵǾ岻ӣҲãԷãǹʦϣزм١
˶٣ּһ䣺οǵ£ʲô״λΪ֤ʦҲѴ̡
ʵҪľһ䡣״Ʋ⿴һ۹ʦ
·ôҩκζߣɾ͵ؽ
ʵæЦʦˡޣŹ㡣˵գ˷ˮȡҩȻȺ棬ĵ΢΢Щڴķ¡
С
ʺֻǿŴżԹ۵ζֹס˻˵ʲôĴӡ
ʵһĶڶϣѹûĸŮλãαٸģ
ʵڽҩ֮㵽޷ݵĸо
ͺһֱõĶڵõһ㡭
Өҩ¶ӯҺ塣
ڼ΢΢ҩζ˵ʲôζڿлͬʱʵоһ޷ݵɲǼɢ֫ٺ 
ʵ۵ɣΧձ쳣ѹźڻʵߵĹŮ̫ǴҲҳ
ڳĴ󳼡̫ҽǣҲЩŵĶŻʵۿ۲ţŹ˿
Թʷϳڳ϶á鵤ҩĵ٣ܳĵ˭
вȷöⷴɵġ
ڳ˼ʱ
ֻʵҲƷĳֱ仯ԽԽԣ״ĸо
ɢĵӫ⣬۽ǵƽˣЩҰ׵ͷҲȾϺɫ
һĳôչڳǰ
Ҷ˺Ŀţ̡
ͣʱԳ֮ûзӦ
ʵ۲ϣֻƽʱ͹ȣһЩʱ˿ˣ
ķϣ
ȻûСͯôãȷȷʵʵࡣ
ۿɼĸı䡣
ޡ
ʵۼ˿Ŀⶼ𾪡Ҳ֪ԼˣȻѴӴҵɫ²⣬ǿƲסĽżáþ
þþ
Աߵ̫γѰ󺰡
ˣ
±ˣ
澪׷š
ӱʱ
ʵҪֳ̫ˡԼһȡӣȲõǰ
Ȼ󼤶꾵еԼ
ԭЩɲǼݵĿϲ뾪棡
ޡıˣ
ʵڼ鿪Ц
ϻͯ
侹дҩ
žЦЦĿ̬ϲĻʵ̶ۣҾһ񣬡ϲ£ϲ£껪פϣ
ŹʦĴš
̨µĴǶ׷ϯ¡
ϲ£ϲ£ԸڻʹԸŽɽ𢡣ԸŷɷۣԸΣꡭ
ͬɽ
ƴ񷣡
һ̡
ʵڽϣ޷ݵĿƮȻԼƽɽŷɷۣΣϳ


94 ײ
Ժ
Ԫڲ׼֮뿪, Ǳ¼
ص, ʷг, Щ⡣
һΪ¼ϼأ׷ʵߵľʦˡ
ī
Ϊʼ֮, ۼǧ£ʦīӪȣ𣬳˳ۼ, һ
ʱƶϣ뿪ʵ۲ߣӦꡭӦϹϡ֮, ȻҲųٻۼ˵ʷ鶼, Ȿʵͬдο
˭ⱾںԺ
Ӧǧ˿ƵĹϵ
Ԫһ·˼, ԰, ʱ仹, ˼ת䣬鷿ķȥ

ʵ۵ϡ
üλ̫ҽԺ̫ҽֱΪʵ۰ϺһΪҩȷʵû˿
Ľ
ûʵ۳׷ԴЦݾûͣ, Ծ󷽵سŵ˹ʦһ
ϯûн, , ˹ʦȥ鷿, 顣
ʥһ¡
Ȼʿе֪һ֮ͨ
鷿
Ϊʵ۴Ϣ֮вٴ̻ƿձ档
ռ򾡳Ρ̨ڿռСۣҾ߶ΪϸСɵĺǽϹɽֻ֣֮вٳԻʵ۱ˡ
ԪϢ֮󣬹۲һ鷿ܣһƽʱ鼮
λȻĻ
ĶΪһЩ鼮
Լƶ顣
õλòͬ⼸ڽ䲻۵λáΧܸɾû䳾ӱĥɫ󣬿óʱóж֮
ʵΪˣƽʱʱڴϣӦʱҲó֮
Ψһܾǡ
̶ֳȵķԾžԣӦûʲô塣
Ԫ˼䣬һƵע⡣
漴ȡ
ȡȥʱϸĵһõĽǶȡ
ּȽҡ
ԪĴԷһ顣
Сʥ塯֣ԾȻۡ
ʵս;ɽżȻʥ塣ʱʥ֮ɳʹߣҩȡһΧɽȶƾʧ
ʥ塭
ʥ塭
İĪϤ֡ĪģĻ䣬񱻴˺ѹһȴ޷顣
ԪԺһʹ
ͷʹѣʲôҪѡȴδٽ硣һ㣬ֻһ㡭
Լʲôˡ
޷֮ĸо̲סְͷһַǿվУڤ״̬ʲô
ʱ
鷿һ˵Զ
Ȼжʥ˽⣬ȴȫ棬ʥͳΪ˭Ƿƾʧ
ݳ֪ʥͳΪʥŮνһЩŶݼ֮Сǣ֮ͨ棬вס
Ҳ룬£ʦΪΪã
ʵ綼μ˾ΪġԼùԶԱ˻侹дҩϻ֮ͯʱѾ뵽дҩҲ֮ǡ
ʥ
Ѿͷ
ΪԼ֮˵֮
ž㲻飺¿گһ⣬ʹʥ壬ʥŮΪĻʥŮ뾩ͬ⣬ΪãȲͬ⡭·ҩ֮Ч֮䣬ΪӣǿҲҪʥ֮˴ɡ
̬˾£ȴΪʵ۾ġ
ʵ»ҲҪʥ֮ΪãԼ
̸С
鷿
ž̤һ˲ⲻ׾һ⼴΢ɨ鷿һǣ죬ұȻɢЦ⡣
ʵ۾ֱֱ˲ٵü޽ǣĹŮ𾪣Ժʧ̬Ҫܵ𷣡
ʵõúܣԴνȻ˵ʲô
Ů𾪵ķº
ʵЪυһڲ裬ֽ˵ʥ֮£޵úúôӳ顭
ϾֻҪʥ壬ܳƽɽˣ
ž鿴ţżһлʵ»Ļ뽨飬ɲߵ˲Զܺ档
Ϊڡ
ӻʵ۵ĽǶȿȥֻܿƬɽˮֻĹʦĻӰ 
ӹʦĽǶȿȥܿ΢εӡԼһĨǳɫӰ
һš
ǣʵ˵ĹУȤŹֻ߹ȥʵۼ״Ҳô⣬֪ҲԹֻȤҲһЩʥ飬ʵۿû˼ʦ˼ͷˣȻʦԳ鲻ô⡣
Ҳ

ԪӺ棬԰Żʹͷ΢΢ǽڣ鲻ôõܱˡ
ΪܸоԽԽߣһ㴹ӣŵǹڱǵ㡭
ֳٳûиһľٶ
ֻʵ۵˵żޱȻľ뵡ǻ
΢΢Щѹ
ܸоõڸӿûӴҲûʵԣȴЩ˵ϵĪѹ
ԡ
žڻӦ˻ʵ۵Ļ󣬴΢ЦƼζֽ̧ڵһƿ


95 ˲
ӱָһƿ
͸΢Ĺ, żâ, һǳɫȹŮϡ
ѷŶͷ, ڱǣҲ, ĳҲ֪Щʲô
м޶Եӡ
֪ʲô£ҲΪʵ۾Ա, ڴк壿
ԭ뿪
Ǳסȥ·Ļ
Ѿȫƿ
һƬɫŶɴӳԪţɴ΢ָ̽˽
Ԫǵͷ, ΢ܵƣܿҲܸоָıͽǰ, һɴ
޷ԡ
ɫǰ, ý˿ľӵĻơ
Ķ
ĥġ
ȴ޴ˡ
ɴȫÿ΢ϡ
žջ, Ŀ, Щ޼ɵ
ֻǵͷϿֽ°ָ̧, , ȴֲݾܾ
ԪľٶŪ, ȶĿ, δζ
¾ôãô
ЦǷȴȻȻ˿
Ԫ΢Ķ֡
žӶϴŹƻЦݣɷ˵ڱǰ֣漴ս⽫Ϣϡ
ܾˡ
ϵζôţ
İӵϢԪ޿̵ѣʹƿȴɽǽֺ
鷿ֲ֡
ĵ׵˼ɡ
žȻгЦⲻҲŵ֣⸩˼ҪԪ
ԪкŭƫܿͬʱҲ
֡
漴žץס˳ƾϣľٶʱĵ׸ŭһֲֻжҲץס˫˫ǽϡ˲亮ɫЦȾа⡣
˼ֱ
Ԫ΢΢ĵһѹŭ⣬ɫѣϵҲ֮أнϾĹУ΢΢ײܣ󣬵ϵĻƿȴײ䡭
žۼֿĽ֮סһۡĵŭûᣬûѣ֡űץסĵط·һӡ
ûȥ
Գȥǡ
һϣʵֽתҩϡ
ڸоδйˬҲǿ˲١
ž㲻ƿŻԭλ½Ϊϣ¸ʱ̫ҽԺơ
ǽż־Ӹµζζ
߳࣬Ҳߴ࣬ĽǶȿȥжɴڣֻܿ԰׵СԼһĴ
Ӱḡ
խĿռ޼ɫ뼫ǳ̣γĶԱȡ
Χ׶ѹ֡
žʵ۽̸ĹУζΣղûнһٶע
Ԫ˲ãҲȥ˵ʲôȴֹ˼лʵڲࡣ
ҽЩҲ֪ΪϵζΪϵѹ̫ǿңâ
ȥ
иĸоԽԽΣգǰķ·ˣҰǿҵ|ռζ
Σ
˵һʼʶʱôȻǸɶôԡеɽڲ̵ʶ˼ֱֶ
иʵһԡ
ʲô
ȫް취ӦԣֻδˣޱҪˡ
ž˼ˡ۾ЩΣյ𣬱ָ°͡
Ԫ΢΢һ£ֵ̧ǰԻסԼƣűĵǽϣʾֱõľٶӣƮɴżƷ˿ңĳϸĲԽ
ž㶢ӣƬ̺󣬻սһ΢ŵȥҡһ㡣
һ˲䡣
еıϢĨĴϡ
ѵˮһš쵽ԪδӦʱžѸ˵ľ룬ЦİУӳһ˪ŭݡ
ɫ۷䣬תݲȻشŻʵ۵Ļ̧̧߳˽䣬³ڻʵ۵ǰ
ϣް˿ɫֻ˵ЦԽ˼֡ţ˳Żʵ۵Ļ飬̶뿪鷿
ڼž鷿
ԪȻǽվŶӡܲ
ž㣡
л˵
˼ˡҶڹɣСŮǹѼ~


96 Ҫϰ
Ԫܿ, 뿪鷿, һ·ϵɫ̫, ֣ƽ
һΪʥ顭
Ϊ뵽žֹסŭ⡣, ֮ȥζ·, ͣ
ˮ峺ס
ָ̽ˮУԼӳԪ۽ǵŭ⣬ֺܿ챻ɢȥ
ˮϴ˰
ˮĵ׵ŭ⡣ƽ, ΢΢˼뵽ʵ̸Ĺ͸¶ѶϢʱһ󶯾
Ԫ˿ڵλñȽƫƧ
ƽﱾ˾ȴЩ˼ֻɽ, һ»קСŮ
СŮֲ̫ҿвסţ, ū澻Ҫȥ︴
΢, ֻҸʵĵض, ȴÿ˶ںߵԪ΢Űɴ֣ʣָϸ, ٺ, һʫ黭⡣
ɵǰһ
ۺᵫСŮ, پǸ˼, ֲٹקĹŮֱyinЦų߶
ȻЩˡ
ǻڣôһͷСŮ׼è塣
СˣǸģתñơ
Ԫվ֣ɴ䣬аָ⻹ڵˮ
Ưָ⣬۾Щֱˣ־ȥץ뼴ץ档
Ԫ΢΢һ룬Ƶ΢̧֣ǡôһײ
ͨ
УԪδͷҲδй̵ӡ
δϡ
Ҳˮĸɾ䡣
㡢㡭СŮָ˵ȻҰˮǷ˰ɣ
ԪߣСıۡ
СŮһʱɫæصͷܵˡ
ͬʱ
ԪִһˮѾ˾⣬ŭɶˮˮԪۿҪץסļ
ӰĹȹǰԽĳӯӯһյϸ
С澣
ŭŨŨЦѾֶݺĥСŮİ취
ȻԪ͸оһ޷ݵݺݵϡ
ûз޷ʱܵش㵹˱ɶ
һ롪
ҽ˺
ԪͷҲصȥṦ΢չɴȹƮ̣һ·԰ķȥٶȲ̫졣ż˼Ŀ
ʱ䡣
ϯҲҪɢˡ
Ӧûǰϯ
ǹǴӽŶ֣ͷǵǽŪˮô򵥡лᣬˮ
ͷ԰
ԪԶԶͿһȺӵ
ӰһΣֱӭȥ
վסʲôˣ
ԪͣȻӴӵ١
Щǰûסºûҵϱûٷߡ
οϴ٣ֱûǰ
бҪ͸гӣҲ׼׷ġ
ϳ
ԪԣҲûʲôԥôΪ˳ӵ
黹ûչ
⴫һϤĪıȣϣ
ʢŭ׷ӣڿԪȻӵ󣬲ȻŭԭŭԪڵŭȫתƵϣһƾ͹ȥ
壬ɱڳ˸
Ȼôһ¡Ҳ壬ܳȭӭϣӱʮֲԸԷǰ޻رܵɣ
϶СŮָʹȻôҶΪûӵ֣
ˣӺܿһһʣһ˵Ʒȭӿ״һ
Ӵòɿʱ
ϣһɫ嶯㸡ţôͣӵԱߡ

̵֡
ﴫָС
żֵͳ˵ǻ
Ԫӵû֪ܻ£û뵽Ķô졭
Ҫұ
ٴ
Ԫµֽ˽ǻ˼·̶˾ž
ԶĹ¡
վӺ濴ţɫ΢΢ЩӲǰϯڴ˵ãȣȴѰ⹬ﲢֻʶһˡ
ӵ˹ʦȥĵײ֪ΪЩ⡣
ȻܵȴҲļ֮ȥ

ԪӵλáһҲ
ùʦоСαӡ
ž㿿΢ЦţԺҪϰߡ
ÿ仰ÿ棬ƺָһ˵Ķ
Ԫ̧δšҵѡ񣬲Ƿ㲻ɡҲˣ֪ܡ
ž㶢ȴȻδЦ⣺Ҫúá
Բʧ
ԪᣬҲûʲôĵȴ涯ҲʱǰһɫӰϮԪ޿̣δΪƣҰ֮ɲǼŶХ
ܿҲʻƽȣԭаζ
ﶯ䣬˲֪ʲôֻܿҡε졢羢͸ڳʵʰ㼤ɢ
Ǹϳ֮ҲڹߣѳܲסྡྷĲ

һƬǽ֮
̴ľһԡԭ¯輸ľƱµĲ㶼Ѿһء
Ұɴ
ھžһƬ׹䡣εڳţ﷢˿Ҿһ𡭡

Ԫ־ž㡣Ͳóϰ䣬ṦϢ֮Լ
žֻסֺݶ죬ֹŹ֣ˮ㣬̬һЩ򣬲ŽԪ泯°ϡ
һڡ
ɣ˿ɢ硣ЩǱſ붯ֶˡ¶ߵᣬҪѣݳΨжз֪Žܡ"


97 ͻعظ
Ԫ΢΢ЩҲЩ, ָץ̺, ָڷס
̡
ҲͻȻ֢Ϯ糱ˮӿ, ̫ѨҲʹ
ɲǼ䣬ɫ԰˼֡
žĿ΢, ܣӲαŪ
ſûüͷʹ, ۾Ҳ΢΢ź󡭡
žæһʯ, ٿǰΣϮ
ԭ۾·ιȥԪа, , ЮХһƴؿڣ
ǰشλá
ٶֺֿޡѰˣôֺ޷״̬, ǱȻ
žȴһ˲䷴Ӧɢ˰ƾƾڳγ
žδ
ܴ, ɢղ˵һӿļ⡣
ǿζͬʱץס̶ֹֻ󣬽Žһ, ơ
Ԫڱקͬʱ, õǰ, Ҳûƿ, ̧ͷϺݺһײײ°ͣ˲Ŀ
Сġһ
˻
žʹõһ°ͼֱŭۼǳɫӰҪץסƮ´ͺݺһק
˻һ
ж˰Ƭǳɫ廨ҲӳĨϸӯӯһա
˹
ǰι
Ԫקءˤϡɢ磬ֱѸٳ£ϣ˿ɢǱֳŭתͷŽĮķŭ
ž״̬Ҳûõȥݶʹ÷飬£εɫϣȾһƬ졭
ֲ̧һ¡
ұ϶һѪۡ
̧ŭݣֹ졣ԭǺˡëȻģƫƫѪ
֮󣬺ðǿֹס
žʪë⵽ѾŲǱ߾ҪܳȥԪ
ٶһԡ
δԪӰڷɲǾɢ
ٶȱ죬ֱӵѨԪӰٰһ󵹣űסӻϡ
ȻпơǼǱˤϣ泯£治ٶˡ
ϵɢˡ
˿Ҳˡ
ɢţҲ⻬ѩϣž㣡ЩƵĲ壬棬ŭ
ùʦˣ޳飬гݣ˶ֹ
ϢңЩϢȡ
žԱߣĿİֹܡдһëȻΣա֪ΪΣƱЩСֽŭз⵽ѹŰ뱾ᣬ¶һǣüҲ׾΢΢һ̧־ʹ³˳
壬˶񡭡ƵĻһ٣֮
ֵ̧Ѩ
Ȼֹ
ڳװ
žԭΪ鷿ģ˷Żȥʳ¼ֺв΢ӿݣС
Ȿ飬óڹС

ɫ
ĹҲ֮谵ձøһЩ
žڿ㽫֮յУû㻹۰ſԪпɡˡ
Ԫȴüˡ
˶Щ΢΢ûлͣѨλеķ̫ ĽֵԽԽ֡
һҲ˵
žһѺҲĿ΢ͷĿ
ûá
ͣ鸮ǰɫɫ˶ϳ֮
ο鸮ǰϳǹʦûзӦͼĳƿʦ˸ŮӴֱ
ͬʱ鸮Ժ
մӹĽϻûúúȿڲ裬ʹ˿е֪λûɽʱԺѧŮĶֲˡ
Ҳ֪ʱġ
ϱŮڹʡ̫󶼳޶˵ʱȻϸ˻Ż˵"ʦˣ
ʦ
ʦʲô
ûûӦʱͱ˽ŵһ仰ҵð˵
ˣ⣬ʦĶСˣ
ʦĶСˡ
Ϣһڸϴˡ

һ档
ڽž쵽һƫƧԺӺ󣬲ֽŵ˵͡ˡ
ԺǰмѾӡ
ԭλСû뻹ˣĵǶ֪ǺãͿλС㱻Ӻݻӱ
˵ľֱԺڡ
ԥҪȥʱԺӺݻӽ󣬡顰һˡ
һȺѾ־ɡ
λСȻϲɵ鸮С㣬ôøİӱ
Ժﻷɾסˡ
ž㱧Ԫһŵϡ˳ƳŴ齣ô
Ŀмζ˼
ŵƣܹ
û˲ɢòӣ¶ǣᱡµԲ󻡶ȣź崡֪ǹ߻
΢һʵˮ
ž΢΢Ƭ̺󣬲ſڵ뼧Զһ㣬Լ鷳
ԪšѾͷˣڷƽֻг˪
ž㿴ûȥӣһʱҲû취Ҳ֪ǼǺϽ֮ˣָᴥͷ˳ë㸧ţ˼֣һҽΡ
˵꣬޶ԣ˳ֽ⿪Ѩˮ뵯ֽȥݵ㡭
˵꣬ой£ʶ
Ԫ΢ȾѪɫһĨȵʪ΢΢ڼӿ
ѩһĨ졣
Ԫ()
ž㶢
ЩײĽӲ


98 뿪ظ
Žš
ܾž뿪һʱ䡣
ԺŷŹȸ̫̫վſ, Ҳûø
ʦ뿪ʱ˻, ׼κ̤뷿, ˣū»ǵүٿôɡ
ߵȰ
ʦ˼Ȼ˻, Υ̫áȻ̤鸮˵ֻǲ˭öԷǹʦأ
ֻ
ʵڲи¡
ƫƫλСֽвӦʸʲˡ
У
̫̫ͬˣ¶, ôҲУ
۾𴦡вӦֲܿŽȥôʣ
˵ʦ߽ˮ·ȥ𣿡̫̫۽ϣͽȥ, ˳㿴ʲô
˵
ʵȷ϶ѡ
˭ǵ¶
Ͼ
ö˶˭ᱻıҪˮҪ·
̫̫ԡءоֺȴЩڴû˸ʦ
¶
Ҳǲġǲ֪ܲܳ¡̫̫Щ߰, ʹ͸ѽˮ, Ҫȥ, ûӦ, ɵóߴ
ϱߵЩð˻̫ã̫̫Ҳ߯һ, ʲô, ˼Ҳǲ֪, İ, 鸮ǣ֪΢ɶҪܻˣ
ˮȥ
ǲǻҪźϴ
ԼŮûôź
ͳһ
̫̫Ҳû취ܲԼˮȥʲô
Ƕ
ֻܾ͸Ѿǽ·ˮͽȥⶣһ¶

ܰ
|ϵʴס档
Ѿ͸ڽˮͽһԴ󵨵ĳС㣬Ҫˮˡ
ﴫһġš
С㣬㻹ķԸ𡭡
Ѿ˵Ѿߵ|ߣŵƿӿһۡ
εɢ
ѾĶ
ǿԳȥˡ
ᡢģʲôҲûһƽȴЩ΢΢ѹŵ
ûԵŭ벻á
˸о˿ǡ
ǸѾЩ˼ɣ뵽ˡ̫̫أҲĻػӲͷƤƿ
Ȼûȿ
ԼӰ羢ȻѾƿķ϶Ｄʧصɳȥײſ򣬵۵ðû
ȥ
һȥ
˲Ȼ˼֡͸˿ǸҶæ˳ȥ
漴顱һϡ
˲ָ˰΢Ԫ´
ʱ
ϴû˸ɾŶ븮ʱ˸ջ֪ͣĹضү
ȻҲǼӴ¡
ʦžи֮ǣݣڳֿȣĲ¼࣬ȴΨûմȾŮɫһ㡣
ҹȥ
ԪͣǰһȺˡ
󻹴Žϡ̫̫ԼѾ͸һˡ֪΢ҲСʦʱҲǼΪģŸ
˿̼ˡ
ҪԵļæѾ͸ȥͥԺܡ
΢θߣ㸸ҪȥΪβ𻰣
ǰһҰȹŮͺܲˡΪסΪַƵ̬ޡ
Ԫţֻ΢΢Ź飬Ͷ롣
Ҫȥ𣿡
üͷ΢塣ҪְǳܱȣϲŭӲױϣһ΢üͷǶ䲻ϲıʾ
Ҳ֪ǰŮδԼ׷ǰӳйʦڲ࣬ȻҪ䱾ġ
ʲô㣬㸸ף
̫̫ŹȳҪǿڹʦϣǲТŮϡ
Ԫû˵Ĳɡĵӡ
ϣأ˵ĸĿ𼷶㣬ǰͷиӣиʦ鸮С㣬Щϲ̨ġ
ˣϽϵĻûЩֻôһ¡
ʦΪλ
Ҫ𣿡
¶ڴ飬㲻Ҫ㻹Ҫ˵ԭίһ´ͻ顣
ʦȻ˽ͻأԸö𡣡
˵
Ҫ
ѡʵ
һͻͱ̬ϾϵολʦӸλ󲻷鸮ˮˮȢ鸮С㣿
Ԫͻ顯۵׾Ⱦ˺˪Ҳ֪Թ顢ԡλ
˻Ů
ƽƽ
ޣĻ
ٴü̫̫һùŭТŮ㸸˵
ġء̬ȻãôỽһףֱϿˡ
̫̫Ů֪΢˵ûѾͷ˹ʦɽҪðˡ
˵ûʲôãҲһ
̫̫ķĿԱߵĹ֪΢ûȥҪ˵˵СҪʲôãźʵڡ
ãҶֻǹ㣬֪ʲôͽȥ˵һɣҲôø⡣
зִ硣
㼴ص˸УУͲһ˵飬鸮
һ⡣
Ҫ⣿ϢѴ鸮У˻촦鸮δ棿
̶ʱ䣬Ѵ鸮У˵Ŀ࣬η
֪΢ҭ㡭
Ԫȴû֮ת飬ʣйŮ𣿡
һεĳƺ
κһθΪ衣
鿴䣺Ϊ˿վ
Ԫˡ
ȴδаֶݡֻԹ˻ļ˵и⡣һֱ㡭
˵ʱ΢΢Խǰȥ
ô
ɻǵһŮڻɽҰ룬ҹҹಡ齣ܾ
ǲʡ
ǻںޡ
ǹҲδͻĽᡣ

ûϵ˵ЩɫһЩشĿЩرܡ
Цĵİǣ
ֱ̫̫ùȳ
ȥ飬ʲôѾͷסĲ鸮ġõһ鸮Ķ
á
ȰοĻڶ
Ԫپ
һ䡰ءʩչṦ븮ȥҪߣƾ鸮ס
Ȼų˸
ֱܿһסȥ·һĿꡪ
¡
̽ԪǰȴԳҡһС㣬ߴˣʦߡ
ֺϵ顣ͺԪҪȥʦָ·һ
ۣ
Ԫ︡֡һҰ״ñɴȹϰ˰ñأ̧ÿ



99 ó
ºὣԪǰ佣δ, нɢ, ɵ, Ц紺硣
СҪǲȥʦͻظϢȥ, 㿴ҹڷߵģһ಻ȫ߶С㿴Ҫȥ̫ԶĻСһˡ
ԪţϵϢҲЩ仯
ȾС
ȻƼҪ, ȴЩͷҪ˿סֲ˵˰㡣
Ҫô
ۼԪӰнһɢɲʱԪ˿ȹñֱɡ
ʱ
һɫƿն
һ޷ݵ
ɢʧҲƵ, δж漰Ԫ
ͬʱ
ֻڰͻȻ߳һˡ
ӣθߴ󣬴ķ, ɫȴͨ嶼˿ĺɫɫκë, ɫĽ, δ, ȴ߶ĹУֻһâƿն±ԭء
ȥ뿪ɣｻҡ
˵䡣
ѾߵԪǰվ , ΢, üма, ŵ¶ӡ
ԪǰͻȻ֮˼, ɫǵȻмл
˵꣬Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ˣһûҹɫС
Ѱ˿ټ
¼뿪ˣЩǰĺˣЩˬָһ˲¶âʲôˣ
ʹôϻ
öԷšǻԣᡰһݣνϣ
𣬽ɨһҶɱ
˽ֵͬʱԪһ·ƫƧӵҩá黹
躲ҩãֻа͸С졣
մСһͬ뿪Сûһ𣿡Щɻʡ
;зֿԪһ䡣ڹﻹδϣΪ飻ڹžߵ飬ĴӦ֪
С ҹСมСͣеĻվ￴Ԫ˵˵ʱ΢ƫͷգ۾ϲֿɰ
ںδ
Ԫ˼ʡ
ֻȥˡСæеĻǰҴСȥҾ硭
Ԫ룬̫ˣհɡҲҪѰһʡǰᵽ޳ʱ죬вӦ֪һЩ顣
ʳһЩϢ
еõϢֻ֪޳ǸĴڣȴ֪λںδ
˼
˼뿪ҩ÷ķȥ㡼ˡ

ҹ֮һƻͨҹӡ
ҹĻʹƳϡ
÷ڣʴƮϯ⽻ӯӯЦ绨ճһҾ¡
ԶǰͥĺԺ¥ϣľףԪżɽ㡼˵⡣
㡼۽ΣӦ˴¡ֵһᾡΪС㰲ţλ˿ϲϼͲö֪ˡ
Ԫˡ̶÷һҹ֮ļգҲ鸮÷ס˼ա
һ档
ʵ۷ҩϻ֮ͯ£̶ʱѴ鹬⡣
ͬʱھģһϢ˿鸮λջûõĶС㱻ʦı
֪΢žͱɯˡżסԴΪһͨ
һֱôá
ŮԽһ͸鸮ô鷳µĹأƽվڹǰ߶øϽڻʵǰ˵˵¶ʱ̫̫˵ҲȰȰ
͸ӵһϽ˹ʦɽ
̫̫̫ͬϵ˼ǺͬţҪǹʦԸȢСʲôģҲ컯ҪǲԸȢ̫̫˵ɫһݣ鸮Ҳˡ


֮£ʺԭĹϵл͡ڹס˼գǹĳЩ飬˹
ʺɳְиš
԰භԼʦһҰɴĹŮ飬жĿ
ڹ⣬Źʦͻ鸮СϢ
ʺ֪ˡֻûиߴӣٴԴǹϵΣˡûôˣٰн

һ
¿˺üҲׯ̡ƹ񡢻ƴ½ݹģҲǹؼҵ⣬Ƿֵ꣬Ʋԣ鸮˶ʱ֪顣
λüΪƧԺ
ľ谵һƬİŽ֣ˮΧĻЩ΢΢ʪ
ҹԭʯڤ롣
ھ쵽СԪֺͣ
С״̲סֹšôֵطʪ̫ˣ塭û˵ҹһ򷢳ȥˡȥǰԺȥˡ
Ԫ˵⡣
Ϊξһ֪
ҼµǶһЩ²⡣
ҹ΢΢һ¡漴ֹӣµĲ֪ǸطҲ֪ľλãرɭϣûͨ޷С㣬Ҫȥʲô
֮أó档
л˵
ϰȽæˡ


100 һʥʹ
躻صҩá
ڴӸСе֪Ԫ, 뿪˺, в², ȴֱʱ΢΢ĵ˿

Ͳ, ҲͲöܡͼ˵Լе
ҩʱôҲǡѰ, ҩ֮뿪
Ϊĸ֮δȴɡǾž׳ʥҩʥ塭ʥǷֲ², Խ˷벻
ǰ·ϱ㿪ʼ
ɷ˵һʥ̣
Ȼԡָͷ˿ɫ΢ɬ˵ֻҪ֪ģ, ҲŲأ
Ҳʥ̾
, ֪вٽͽھǡĿǰ۵λ, Լڹɽͽ, ֻҪŷ߶Լ롣
ߣõʥ̱ӻܲʹ֮ࡣ󲿷ֶּǴڼ֮ٿȥҩιĲ, ûвõġ
̸С
һᡣ
, δʲô쳣, ɳ˼
̽Ե, ɻ󣬲һʥʹǰҲΣû̫Ҳûᣬ˵ǵС
λʥʹǸˣ
ڿ϶ʣڵʥʹ˺ܺãܺƣˣƽնҽҲоҽר֢֮ҲܸȤ
ԳƬ̺󣬡ͷ

⣬ĳλƧĺլ
ƹӰڱȣʯ·ľľף滨ƣһӻľкʯ϶֮¡ٽ򱱱ߣƽ̹߷¥գ
˿УİɭظС
ܽɣŲʴ˽塣ϵ뿪ĸߴ¥ϣԼԼ̫Сġ
ҵȳǣ಻㣬ڸΪҵ⻭ϵĶˡ
ܻܷⱣá
ڱӻͲȡʱԵЩʴ֮
ǹķƻ
ӹָ֣ڷ޳ʮƯ
һòͨͨ꣬ǳɫۣʻ鶼˾úദĸо
лչһۡ
һꡣ
ݼ죬Ů࣬üһɰ룬аȴмֹš
ѺܾԶ֮ˣҲѳˣѲ̬֮
ҲиµԭԸµҪھѰˣǸס
꽫պã˶òʵİӣһֱδҵˣΪȷǣ
ƶһ£⡭һֱѰҲȫջЩ򡣡ǱؾĻش
ЦЦƽشҲٶʣ̸ֽ˼仰󣬱нͽ棬ʥʹλմˡ
ɫԡ
ʥʹͷʾԼ֪ˡýͽȥʱڣʥʹпҪȸˡ
ʥʹҲ롭Դ漴ýͽͿ뿪
ʲƮţʻ滭¥ˣĵ̵ݼܡ͸һظС
ڱլԺں󣬲֪ǷӰ죬ֻƸء
ͨȥʱ
ͽͳһ˲Ŀݽӣã
İ
ȴʶ
ˡ
ĵһ˿ɻ󣬲֪ǷЩϤĸо
ɻ˼䣬δ¥С
һ۵ʥʹһ·⣬ʥ̵ˣװ磬𲻹ɫĲͬ
ʹմ֮յһ̬Ʋһᣬһᡣ
ʥʹЦӭϣԵӭ̬Ҳƽ׽ˡ
ʥʹˣҲЦݣԷ̬ȺƣԵӦԡӹ裬ֵҲһҽߣʵʥʹⷬǹ̡ܽΣκã۷Ҳ˾ֶ̾β
ʥʹЦǴ˵ˡʥ˵ףҲҩҲõҩ䡣ֻжһζرҩѡ
֪ǺҩΪȻʵ֪Է˵ԷȻһʣҲðȻ
Ϊҽ֮ʵΪ˵մϼҽ̣ΪʥһԱԲˡ
ʥʹϵЦʡм˵꣬㿴żĵȴĴ𸴡ЩԥҪ֮ǰŵؼڴ˿̻شֻǱʹСС飬մ޴뷨㲻ý·ϡ
΢΢ĬƬ̺ʣҼ̣պҪʲô


101 
м俪ʼ
Ԫʹǹ, ʹһɢ, ڤڤĳӦ޷, ֮ĸо
˲ƵĹУһƬɫ硣Ľ, Ӱʣȴ־ͬĳڤĿռ䣬ʱ䳤, ȡ˲ƵԶ
ԽԽࡣ
һƬɫ쾰ϸ΢ĲͬԽԽʵԣΧĺɫʸ
ڤڤеԴͷһΧģƾֹĺ, ˮȣ΢΢̧ͷͷķʲôǰδ⡢δֵİӰ
ҲǺɫһƬ
ԺͻȻһʹ
Ԫ֮ѳƬ硣ѣ
ڰС
һĻɫӰƾն֡
һڵķڰ, ûа
Ƭռʱ޷֪, ֻдһ˲, ܸ֪Χ, ˣҲ㹻ȷΧǷȫ
˵ӦǶ޳ڲĳ䡣ҹ֪˵غǱ̽һ˽һ¾
˼ЩʲôԪ˳ǰ, ʹ̫Ѩ, ʹѣȻȸоȫɢȥ, ж
ͣ½Ų֮˵
޻δʼ, ڴ˼ϢʲôҪСһǡ

˲й͸
Ԫ㵽һɫǲۡ˿̵ĲȹӣɫһĴ硣
ͬʱ⡣
Ӱ߽ˡ
һꡣòƽҲƽȴֲ˾ֻǸƽˡ
ݹź󣬲תߣϵĻӴ˴Ҫȼյʱȴֲۼش
һ˿¶ȡ
ڴͣ
︡ͷͬʱ˵ƵĶܡ
ԷȻϢ
֪ˣҲȷĸ䣬ʱƲСĴ˵յȥֲ䡣
Ϩ
عھ׺ڰһ˿ԪԷȥʱûŵķһ˲ı⡣
ʲôҲ硭
ݵ˼䡣
ҲʲôҲûз
꽫ʰȤζЦһǡס
ϾӲ
װ仪ҲΪ򵥣ڰסˣ˵յ㽫޴Ρ
ȻڻӽӴ͵Ƶһ˲䡢绹ûüʱٿзϮ
ԪѾˡӰԭĴ㣬ס˴һЩϢ
ķӦ졣쵽ЩԪϣӰƣ˲佻֣
ڰзйԪʶԷ书΢΢Щ鷳ˡ
ֹж磬ɽᣬƺëأǧһϲΪ
оž㲻¡
ÿԻһĿˡһΣӰ˲ɢſڵķһŶȥ
ڲߣǷеˣ
аǿҷ羢
Ԫһֱδֲָž㶯֣δȴٴκٶǰ֮˾ԵЩˡ֪ȥذܣҪֲס
˿Ʒң޿ɱܣһƣĿЩζڷӿţĶѷ쳣ٶȼĿ
ͬʱ
ʯƽԪǰɾŲƣס
ơ
Ҳ
Ϳʲô鷳
¡꽫ԪסߴůȴΪΣյĿסż΢΢ս
Щԥǡ
ûδ֡
ֵʱҡᣬȴһεѹɢ
ǡ֮Ҳ쳣ֻȥ

ȷ֮Զ
ŲԼסˣʲôˣɱΣնԱ

ȷʵмֶ졣
Ԫ˼΢ͬʱҲŻѡڲ¶ӦҲеĹйúȡ̫Ļ¶ȡ
شҪˡ
Сⴳ˼䣬е½⡣
ԽߣϵǸ⣬Ȫˮ峺ʮö
΢΢һ٣ԪںڰԼüңٿʱбࣺ˵Σ䱸ɭϣֻһ㣬νģʻʱôɿԪ
ʻȻȻ硣
ʶ֮˽̸㣬ӽյϡ
Ԫ磬Ʋ»Ԫ͵ϮҲԪûŶӡ
ԪҲȷʵûֻǲɫ˾룬̶˼ӳڹӰµŲӰƽݣȴִӹ͸ڲء
ûˡ
ȴܿ϶һʶȷе˵ʶڵ

н˲࣬ĸࡣɶɳ̬޶ߡ
ġ
ӡ
ݣκʺҲ
ֻΪλڴʱ


102 û

Ĳˮ
Ԫǰ˼ǧذתӹԷƹĲ豭, ΢΢еûкȡΪڿʡҲΪ̫ϲˮĿɬ
ŵû˿¶˸мл
, , һں󣬡㻹ûлشҵ⡣Ȼ׷, ȴҲһֺƵ̬ȡ
ԪȾһ˿⣬Ȼһķʽġ
Цɷҿͨ
ԪЩ׼̬ȡȻûȷı̬ԼԼݡҲʹװʶ
Ҫ
м־ܾζ档
΢΢һЦ߶ʱ˲֤ͨ, òܻЩ鷳
лѡ
Ʊܶƻش
Ƽ򵥵һ仰, ȴƷζͬ˼˿⡣
С͵֪ܿʲôطϵӣչͬʱʵ
Ԫ, ֪ġ
褣С͵ܲд˰֮ˡ
ԪҲд˰֮ˡ

褲ɵЦһ, ЩζƯ, һһµšעԪ, ƣ˼һ˿εС
ԪƱ̬ŪЩԻ̹Ȼ˼Ŀ, ðһ, СǷ£
Ц
Ԫ¾ͲҪˡ
޹ؽҪ, ǳȥ̸Ҳ޷˵
Ԫɫ, üȾǡ
֪˭Сʵûס
褲ɵЦʣС͵ܿʲô£
ָԭֺһ˿٩ЦǼ˵ߡ
бʶȡ
Ԫ΢΢Ƭ̣Ȼ򣺡ԭǹ㡣δϹӣԵɺϡҩ֮飬СһֱǹģմҴһδ˵лڻСл빫˵һл
΢ЦС͵Ѱýⷨ
Ԫ¶һû취ģüĿϴżǷ
޺С͵ܲǷģҲһ´¡
ӰùˣԪɫСһλѣǰҲɹӹգҪǷȥСͻˡ
һƬϡ
ָ֪֮£֮ͣҳݡֻϧҲûܰʲôæһС͵ܰæ
Сæĵطزֻǲ֪ҪСʲô
²պ˵
˵ꡣ˶ɲʲôõط֪С͵ζ
Ԫԣ΢΢Ĭһ£ûʲôĵΪʲôõطΪΣûҲûЦ⡣ȴ˵⡣
ӵĶ΢΢һͣⲨ֡С͵ͬ
һͬ
б˱˴˵ľ롣
Ԫ֪˳ƶĿģȻ
֮Ϊ֪ܲطط᳤߾žӲԭ򡣼ȻǰûᣬҲܻᡣ

ҡҷ
΢ĹâڱĿռ𲻶
ѹֵηһЪ˹ķ޺ŭС
ǽѲ
ĳֱپԵ˻
һס꣬žƵͷףݣֻ¶һ˫͸ż˷Ⱥӡ
ǰһѪģʬڱ˲ͣı޴򣬴Ѫ⡢벻ͣĽѪˮŭţǣײųص
нۡעȥǿֱظ밧
硭
Ҫ硭
Ҫ򡭡硭
зķŭ𣬴ľҲķŭ緢ҽɽǧĺ̶Ԩ
ӡ
ƻվǺĿţôԽԽˣ
ԱߵСɫֺõĻش£ֻ޷裬Ǳȴְܴ취̼ЧǰǼ˾Ͷ㣬Ǽ˾ɱս⡢ɱⶼѾˡٺ٣֤㲩òͷ
ƻȴЦϳҲôʲôƿԣ
⡭ԱߵһɫֻޱǸġܻܲҪκ÷財ɣ
Ͳܸͷƻ˵һƾͽ˴ɡǷ꣬һΪ԰ǸһܣռϷºȴе鷿һ١
Ǿžû˴ˡûʳǸʲôѱԼվŵľλν˴ߣֱڴ
'


103 뿪
ֲ˳ĵ¡
ƻԽŭ, ɫҲԽ, ڷһͨ뿪ǸǨŭ˵ˡ
һƶ˵, ˵ĵطֱʱ̧ͷƻ뿪ķ޷, ŭԣֿķޡ
˵ü򵥣˭ҲҪ
ҩסӰսЧûж֣Ҫ֪һ, ͸ȰѶҩˮֻӺ¡
죡
ҲǨŭ꣬ٽаϳȥιһƣ˶, Ҳ뿪ˡ
ֻʣһֱĽкصҲˣ･ڼž

궢ǰǾѪģʬ壬ѾƽƽˡҲ, һֻجج״̬
ʱ
İԲĽ߳һ㵥ӰɫڰӰ, Ǽ⵽Ĵ, ס, ȴһ˲⵽
˲Ⱥ˫ǰӰ
һΣնԮġ˻˻ͺڶŽ䱸ڲķֱ˭
ӿһĿĵɱ⡣
£Ҷ㲢޶⡣
Ԫ΢΢ͣ͵ؿ۾İǡô, ְĵ
Ҳż˼Ŀһ·ĵ, вٱŵ, еοΡе׺, еĴߣҲжƣǰ걻ι̡
۾ηķ񡣵ַԪĶͻȻɢǵضĿ־ί
硭磬Ҷˡ
תùԡ
Ԫ΢΢Щһ¡
£㡣
ʱˡĿתĶзĳּΪƵѹΪнصȴ
ߡ
ܺºܺ£һֶ¡
ԪĿӵϡƣΪι̣ûԿ޷򿪡
ԼҪ˿ܻЩ鷳ˡûϼ褣ֱʱһ㽫ϢĴ룻ʼʩǻɡ

ƸоʲôܣǽҡҷĻ⣬ǰͶһ޳Ӱ
磬ߣߡߡ
ѹֵľֽԷСԪһҡԿ׵ҡΣӳϵӰӦĶ
ҡ
ẬЦҲЩ档˵ʱѾߵԪߡ
ԪȰο󣬲ЩĻͷˣӡΪˣ
褲ԱԿ׿޼ʼС͵ܻûĲ£Ѱ˵Ѿ
ƿŶ롣
鼫ΪȻ˿˿ߡ
ƱŵҪʼ裬ĿԪͣ˵ڼΪǿҵĲţҲ૽Ŵ硭
褽һп÷
漴һԿ׵ݸԪλѡС͵ֵܵܣ
һѡ
Ԫڻشͬʱ
Ҳ˷ɫһһ򿪽Է佫ϳǴ磬ȴû潫Լɣеľİû١
˼ĿԪ򱳶ԵԽϸӰҪδ뿪
鷳ӾСѰһ֮
дż̽Ŀ⣬ڰϸͣƬ̣뿪
ԪԼоעӣҲ±ʲôѵαװЩġ浽ʱ򣬹ҲáҲãԲҪˡ
ҶܿͺˣСھ⿪ϵ
Ԫʱʱ԰ο꣬¶ԷͻȻѡ
ڵҲƽȷΧڡ˫۾Ҳ塣Ƶҵ׵ס
ͷϵױȡ
Ԫɫ΢΢һ٣˼Ķǰİ׾סҹԼСûаơ

΢΢һ¡˳űԵһȦЩвȷнŲ
һקڵص
ԣҶ
ԪסвꡣҲЩ̶ȣ£ܿʹ뿪
δ˵ꡣ
ͱһѽסڵϣҳһСĶ
硭Ҫؼҡ
úܽ
һѪ۵ζ
Ԫûƿɫ̫ãȴƽ֣ڱ뿪΢΢ţζ̫ܵľٶ
ͿĻ档΢΢ŶˣС͵ܿҪæƹƴһ˿Ц⡣
ԪûѨһ˲ίƺĿĿ
Ҷ
ٴ͵Ķ˵һ䡣ûн⿪ǶذǵϵѣҲļ褵빫
褿һ۸ڽűߵˡԵɡ


104 Խ
꼫콫·
Ƶ, Ҳ, ͷ, ˻ȥ
˳Ѩ
Ƕ޳¡
˵鷳ԱѾ⿪Ѩ, ػ·ĺȲҪԪ뿪
ֻĿ䵽ʱԾ͸ŵʱᷢķ̬֮
лٴγ˵ز˾, ҲӦڴ˷ֱ𣿡˼ȥ˴ð취, ˲תƳȥ
С͵ܿа뿪
Ӧ޴󰭡С鴦׵󣬻Ѱӡ
Ա㲻ٶ˵ʲôֻ΢Ц˵ˣԼС¡
ֶ뿪Ը֪, ҲǿͬС
ԭ˵Ŀ, ҲŻ˴붷޳а취, Ҳ鷳, ˴Ϊּ
ֻǣһɻݡ
뻭ȫ֮
ߴϢУ¶ʥ塯;֪ۡЩ˲, ;Ϊ, ͷʥ, ȴ֪һЩʥ塢ʥ̽ΪͬһȺѳ
Ҵˡ
Ǳֻһܡ˶ֽ, ˭ʥ֮кιʲôϵ
ġ
ûб¶ֺֻǿû볤ԲӰҲת뿪ˡ

Ԫ뼧褷ֿ󣬴ܿ޳Ѳߵɭɭģƻ޴͸һ˵⡣
Уû϶Ѳ߿صġͷԪһĵûеƣУȷΧû˺
۾
˵˾䡣
ȴֻգ۾ϱϣԭץ½ǲŵָҲץøˡ
ָʮֺÿָȳƣָֻƤɫڲ԰ס
Сʹȥ硣Ԫĵظһ䣬ڣȱ۾
ͷҡ˹ģҪҴ磬ҪŴ硭ƫִִЩֲŮ
˶٣Ⱦί磬Һööá
ԪסҪµ죬ᱻ˷ֵġҲЩû취
ֲܵԴֻӺ壬ڻýĻû
̧ס۾Ҷ
Ż¡
һѣɲǼ붷޳
޳ׯһڳ⡣
ͬǶ޳ڵ¡ֻһѰɽׯλҲƫǽԶ̾룬˲Ʋһɲǣ¾ž
;
䲻˵֡һ۾֣ȻĹˣѰʲô
Ѿ˱ɽׯΧ֡
һƬϸ¹¡
һŵƱһ˲ӳе쾰ͬһ㡣
ԪĿ΢΢סո˵ʲôȻдһ˿ɫĴ
ȾãҵʹҲ𻰣ͻȻͷе磬ͷʹͣôͷ̶Աߵײ
ԵüΪʹࡣ
Ԫ΢΢˼ĿԽԽɻ
;
һİϤĴ
ʲôֲȱȫһĻ涼޷顣
飬顱
껹ͷײȾѪɫ
ԪӽֹסԲΪתľڣƽ󣬡ھúЩ𣿡
Ѿͷ¡ŴƵĿǻ磬ҶҺöҪ⣬Ҫԡ϶оһѳʳԪЩͷʹǧ˼Ҳֻѹ£ҲЩʹ̫Ѩ뿪

ʦ
޹̴ϷŴƱӳžӨҺž̬ŰرϢµĺԪ̨ɽλҪжˡ
ۼʲôףλضСĿģȴһֱЩ벻ס
֮⡣
Ǳ¼˭Ҳͷֻ鵽ӦӺԺġ
鼴Ϊá
ƲŴ֮˵ĿģҲϣõ
һ

º
ָ̧һƺն𣬲㴼ҺƷžƣ˼ЩʲôֱͻȻ
űЩֹס˷ܾ֪һϢӣ·ˣһܿϧûסˡ
ž͵ߵľƱס

Ϊλʱھǣ
ƼԼˣ²Ľ˵иͦСӡ
ںδ
žµ٩٩̸
Ϸ򣬶ƸǡСӣƴӶ޳ˣ
ǾͲһǸյˡ
˼˵֪һЩδɻ


105 ͻ
ҹ
βĳҲ۵Ŀջ
Ԫס, Ҫˮɾԡϡ
, ԹᡣӴԡͰ뿿ס, ĥĥ˴㴩·ǰԶ߱ĿԪ, 
ȷԷֽšݹļ󣬲ɵǰ˼
ݵַϤȴ벻
Լ
еġ;ҲʦĿ, ζἰѼǲ̫ˡ
ʹõзӦֳģȴǻҵļͷʹѡ
мƵ֢״
ʹһЩ޺Сֶ, ˯ϣ۾ŵ˯к
ԪϢ뿪˿ջǰ̵ķѰҹ㽫˽书, û˿, ֳ鷳, ֲһֱߡ
ҹ¡
㾲
ˮر, ҶƮ䣬ˮ浹ӳһ־ֹҹյɫ
ԺûһûеơһϮµҹԺǽϣӰʶӰ, ҹɫΪһ塣
ö, ҹɫ˻, ָĦš
͸Ӱһ¹, ǡþͶаϣӳĹģΧŹ϶صͼơ
档

Ϊʲôֲư
Сһ̤ԺͰ£߶ںڰѰӰ
ǽϵľûᡣѾعպ壬һӰأɨա
˿ƿյϸСҶƬƬϢһ©
ٿһת
ϸֱ֪ʱӰһĨɫӰ

΢΢Ա߱һ£СֻǲšƱܵüյĽǶȣʵ׼÷ֺ
էȻԽߡ
ϵɱ˲ЩͻȻڴˣ˽俴˵ϵ⣬һֱ¶ı롣
磬ܣҴģСæǰֲ˾䣺Ҵġ
䶢Ԫ˰Ρ
˵ǣҵҵҪҵˡ
ԪԲ¶ɫСΪ¶ԭҹдʦ֣±Ұ£Ҫ

Ԫ꽻ҹ˹ص£ŭӳѰͬʱ
Ҳ빬ʵۡԭ챻߶޷ֱ̫̫ߴ˵ʲôҹζ࡯ϽŮ顭
λŮҲŭ
ԴӱʦͻûֹûӰղңʵڲ񻰣ҲҵҲûޡ
ǶŮ˼
ֻúƤʵ۸ǰ
˵¡
ñ鲻ĻʵˣɫЩ̫ˡ
ӲԸȢЩھΣĥʲôʱٴ͸õĻ£һ¡
ûʦϹϵͲòλСƷУȻôС㲻λǷǶࣿ
ʵ۶λСӡܲҪǻǻӡˣѡһʵ˼ּһ׮顣
ƫƫʦϹϵ
Ȼʵ۾ǶС㲻ôҲԽʦȥǶãҲֻõذ˵ʹʦ˼
л¡
Ҳʵɫ̫ãҲп˵ϳҲʵûа취󵽱
ʵ۲ɵö࿴һۣΪ˸ÿжȣŮһͬʣ޼ǵãĴŮͺ֪
˵Ҳһһ׵ġƫƫԼƫӵо֪
£λŮಡ͵Ԫ̨ɽһֱúúõģ֪ΪͻȻͻ˸һ¶ˣ˾֡ϳˣѾǰˣҲܲôˡ
ֿɬε飬˾ء
ʵȴᵽһؼ֣˵
СŮһֱԪ̨ɽ˵ۣ˽ܵ飬Ǽ
˵ʲô
ʵ۶ûԺֻӦšԪ̨ɽ֣ɫͣı仯ţסˣҴҽ˻⣬̫Ĵȥ
һ档
Ԫٶ÷󡣼㡼Ϊǰ֮¶
Ѿ˲˳ȥ
㡼ڵʽ/ˡ󣬱ֱ⣬ӦʣΪ㱸
ԪҲһƬϣлˡ˵󣬳һڲ衣ûм뿪ǲ㡼˵ׯ޳顣
㡼ĽɫѾ˼ƻָ顣
ΪҪ˵Щ
Ԫ豭ǹ΢ȵ¶ȣֻʮǸֻһֱѹﲻ̫ܣҸ˵
ƽ͵ôҲʮֵö
㡼ĿͣƬ̣鸮С㣬Щʲô
֪ˣ⣬ģʲôʵѰ
Ǻ~
㡼ƾȤЦǾȥɡ˵ʱ΢΢չ֫˿˿ȴҲ棬˶٣Ҫм֮÷Ѱ
лˡ


106 л֮
Ԫ뿪÷
㡼˱õ, ˼ĳ, ķȥ
ûȥҲû, ֻǸоп
һ·ưƣй, ʻСһȦڼ仹Ҳһ֮, 㵽Ŀĵء
С㣬ˡ
Ԫһͨլӡʯ̨ףͥԺ, żˡŮҲѰͨ
ֵһ̡
ǵĿⶼ׷䵽ϡ
Ԫ鵭ȻĿǡҪ褣Ȼͬ, һ, ȴȼЩˡ
رԭ򡭡Լ, ǿĿһ˵ĸӸо
һŮ, Աߵĸվ
ȻѰͨģʿѰ˼ҵĸ޲ĿƴŴ飬ƴŵ̽, ƴһ˿ڴһЩ˵ĸ
ŮĿȴôѺáЩ, Щ, һЩݵ񡭡
Щ΢ľ
ôȴ˭Ҳûȿ˵
ڿԪ, ȻڵȿڡҲЩѹ䵽ϡ
Ȼ
ѹȶû˿õġ
ҪӦǣȻʶءǰмĽʶǡδصıܿ˸еĻ⡣
Ҳ²µһЩ
̬ģӦѹϵĻϵطѰ壬пǡлҡ
ǰرؼ͵Ԫ̨ɽ
ǰлǰҹΧɱԴ֮Ѿûˡ»в࣬⵽ԽΪһ·١
˵ʲô
Ÿ˵Ů̬ЩըˣͲСֱͷ淢
һ䡣
ڳ˵鶼˰Χ΢䡣
ԭ뿴Ԫ˵ʲô
Ԫ鵭ʲôҲ˵ǵĿҲû˿ܡȻƲ˿ߡ
λ˳˽֣ɶ񡭡
˵߹Ԫ֣
ôš
΢ЩƵϵ飬Ͱִһ˿ڵıˣĸ겻Ҳôˣˣȥľȥ˿Ҳ塣
Щƴż׷˼
Ԫ΢ＫϢ˵һڵ飬һУ˲ԣ´лҡģƭŵģȴƭͷ̽䡣
֮ţŮ˵˸֣֡ʼĩѲѲ²⣻ǰ˹ƻлҵ飬淢лҵĴɱ
ˡ
ŻһڵľһУ˲ԣ´лҡЩһհҹҹŷƣҲںޡҲʣڲ࣬ͻ
ЩжЩϧԪϣúӣ˵ˣ֪ͺãٷͺá
Ů֮Աǣֵֹ˭Ҳ֪ر͵µ飬鵽Ǿ˲١
Ԫҡ档
Ůû뵽شôƽֱסȻʲô棬ȴҲ˾
ߣµ񣬺ʲôã
ȼִԲò𣿡
ʲô̬ȣ
ص̬ȡʲô𣿡Ԫѯʵ̬ʮ
էȻûʲô⡣
ɾַƵ̬Ů죬£ټѵϴóĵǸ½⣿꣬Ҫ㰵ͨ籨ţٱǰ

΢شŮĻΣ׷壬ֻҪ֪ϻͷͬһ߾õĽ
Ԫ˼š˿ڲ裬̶豭УЩ̾ҲЩ⼧褵һ֡ǹأΪֲΪֻԪ̨ɽ벻˺󣬱ȻлͬЭ
ǹء
һ̶ϻͬķ
̧ϸεĿ⣬֪صޡ
֮
һЩԪ̨ɽĹڵ֪õʱƶԵЩ⡢ʱʱ׷ΧˣĹ˼ȵȡ
ԪֻšҲ˼ɡҲ⣬ڶҪˡ
ƲλۼҲԪ̨ɽֻֻв֪δʼˣֻΪα뾩Լʦǣϡ
ţʵٵӹﱻͳһ¡
һҲش
Ҳʱ
ˡʱǡô
¡
ԭŵļ˷׷
ŮüۼҲѾȾһĨӯӯЦ⣬ǰ΢΢Ƿһ񣬡ĵ¡ӯƶԵʮˡ
ض񡣡
褰𪿡ϴЦ⡣Ŀ֮䵽ԪϣһƬȻɫЦԽ˼֡


107 ʶ
, ˵һ۵ĸоͺر
Ƶ
мơ
ﵭͷ, , δȸ֪㰲˴, СĪ֡
ĵһƬģظøмǡԪĵ¡ݣȻȻĽˣûбֳʲô, ֻһƬƵ̬ȡ
鱾ˡ
ʹǰ֪ݣڴ˿ͻȻ֪ҲὫдϡ
΢΢һЦ, ҴȥԺ߰ɡ
ʹ¶ݡ
ҲԳңԵƽ׽˼֡ţ˿ε͸
ĵΪôͲ±ҧһ𣿡Ůҡͷֱʡʵ벻, ŽȥĶ, Щ˵ĳζ
, Ļǵġ
Ҫʵ֪ĵǣʱ, ĵ´ؽѡ
зִ磬ͲҪϹˡ
ǡ
Ͼá
ߣҲûã
ܲ˵˦뿪ˡǰŵļˣԶ, ǲǻްѲ⡭
ŵʻС
δʳʲôõϢǸ˼, Ҳѹֵعлҡ
ʲϢ
лн, ɲʲô¡
, Ǹ˼Եͷ̸̸ɣ֮£չףЩҲ˲ٿ࡭лңҲ֮С

Ժ
ȲЩŴԺҲ£ɽ̨ͤԱߣһƬˮʯš
ǰҵõ³СŮлġ
ΪлңС㲻ᡣ
ԭѾˡ
żȻϣִҴұˣδϸ뾩Ϊ£˵ţְ̧οǰ֦ԪС
˵Ŷ
л
С
ϸ֦δ޼䲻ڵ·ʱ轫֮ο֦Ҷɨۡ
СŮӦʥйءԼʦž㡣ʥ뾩ǾžơСŮ㲻̫ˡ
ԣ˼ĳԴЦ⣬ĿڲǰĻɫӰ
ãŵԭˣ⡭
Ԫͤ£ȻȻѯʣΪλ⣿
Цߵͤӻߣͤĵ֮빬Ϊͻ顣
Ԫ΢΢ΪǱֻܿѩ׵Ӱ
䲻֪¡
ô˵ܲµ˭
ȻֻŲðһ䣬Сʦʶ
ԪƳĬãҲֻϴˡ
һϴˡ
ƻش˼褵⣬ȴиʡϢСһӦ뵽ǡž㽫ϳ
ΪĳЩԭ
޷ֱˡ
Ż°ôа㣬֮Ϊֽߣ
Ϊ˱棬Ҳ֢ϡ
ܸоδʵ
ҲɲšҲɾš
תԪɫᣬûڿĿ⡭
΢΢һЦ
ȴ˼
ԤеĸԴ⡣Ƶ飬˿˿ߡ֪ȥҲʲʲôȻȻת˻⣺Скδ㣿
Ԫ΢΢Ĭԥһ£ŵСŮȥн֮¡
С㽫к£ʣҪ֮
Ԫû̻ش΢ϸĽëڲ԰׵ͶһƬǳǳӰ¿֪һط
εأ
ׯ
һ¡
һ˿ײı仯񱻷ˮɢ
褿΢΢ԪЦ⻹ڣȴû˵ڴӰҲ֪Щʲô
ãһ䡣
Ҫ
ԪĿ⣬˵֮أó桭֣̣

һš
Ӵҹݷ򡣻ʵ֪̫ж˿֮࣬ȴġ
ЩѱĹٶȱ
ʱʵǰ֮֡ʴλ˲ʱеֶѹɱһЩˡ
վѪȡ
Ϊ߸ΪɱǰĳӣϣЩԸЧɵġ
ˣִԽԽҡѵĵߣΪǸˡ
һˡ
Щءʱ̫Ҳ˴£ǰͷҪɱ
ٺ
빬Ѷȫޣֱ󣬲ŽϢڵޣ£䲻סᰲݣѪԵķϣֻҪ㳯£Ҳͼ̡
Ȼǰ쵽ˣ壬ʦʲô
ʵԽԽ꣬Ҳȥ־ӻϡ̶ЩƣʹĶͷһŹϷҩī㡣
žһЩ
㲻ɵ뵽ϴļֺãУ뵽ʺΪϴѡ
ѡǹĴŮ
뵽ĶŮ
ոշһַˡֻҪһ뵽Ԫ̨ɽλˣ͹ڻѰ
취С
ˣʦ빬


108 Դͻ
콥¶ס
, ɽ, ׳һ̫ɽض, ɻʳؽ硣
࣬ʮ, ȴǿֵָľв
ǻꡢߣһû̫飬Űɫ綷, һ͸λðΧмС
Ϊ»Եİɫ֪ǺֲƣṹҲѰ̫һ, ŻɬѶĹϻơ
ĽǹһЩɫɴ塣ӭ裬ɡ
ٶȿ졣
ڳһһŲƣһһ, سɴһ, ƶٶȾͱþ˵Ŀ졣
˿㾪׵Ļ, ػ֮Ϊа
ɫĹӰ͸, ź⣬аˡֻܿһĨΪʥӰӳ
ӨӨԡ
ʥŮϢ, ͽ֡ۼھǡ޷Ӧ;Ĳ, Ѱʥ, Ѱ;ֻʱ⡣
Ͷ, š
嶯
ﴫö顢Ʈ
;һα֮ʱңȷλãߣ޻عĻᡭȨ֮ĶңȾָʥ
ʥŮԣǡ
̤һʱʥ壬;ٶȻع֮ʣ߽ʧһǰ㽫ʡ
ᣬ༫ʥࡣ

鷿
ʵ˹ʦôλضС㡣ֲ˵Ԫ̨ɽλĳ¶Թ񻹻ŵġ֪˲ࡣ
Ԫ̨ɽλԴԪ̨ɽĹй˼£ʵڲ˵ڣҲ˵ڡ
ʵ۶Ԫ̨ɽλη塢֪ߣ޼̫֪ĪĸԼû֪ԼҲϳһ㣻ϾǻʵۣηһԶ뾩ǵĵۼأ
ΪʦҲǲ֪ġ
Ͼʦžںų֡ڳã֪ڲΪ֪Ĺ
֪£
ܿżɽֱ˵ֻò뻰⡣
ž㿴ƹ֪½󡣡
ʵۿɫ˵ʦٵ֮գĶŮй
˵¡
ʵҲЩɻ˲һ£֪ʦڴͥ½ͻعظ顭ôҲʦеоŮɫᵽڲűֳ
οǡ
ȷʵһЩ
شüȻȻ
·ֻڿ϶һѰɵ顣
ʵ۵۰죬ǰ̬߹ŵĹʦô˵ЩšҲģЩϢʵڲ֪ʦ飬һҪˡ
ڿ
վڴߵľž㣬̬Ǿֹ͸˵󣬡ǳΪ
ʵһʱҲ˵һ䣬֪ذ빬˵ʦ˷оŮԷ׷ףҪΪ˸𣿡
Ҫθ𣿡
ʵЩûͻ顣
´Ӧˣ
ʦɶԴŮ⣿
ʵȻôʣʵûٿܵġûĹŮǣŮӶǣһһˡ
˼
豭һڡ
ȹʦؾ˳һ¾ôŮɡ
ž㲻¿ɴͻ顣
ʵò˿еĲˮǺòᣬԵЩ𾪵ĿʦԸ⣿
𾪡ơ
žЦȾϼаȣĽ͵Ů죬߾ͽ۲졣
ʵһ
ʱȻ
ɵҲԭˡ
˵ʦ˲ͬͻŲˣ
ŹʦԵ޹ͬȢһŮӸš
һ
ĵǱˡ
ϾˣǴ֮ŮóȻǰͻһţԭе飬Ҳ֮ˡ

ǰ
Ԫ뿪Сɼͳûٻ÷˵³ʦȥžһˡ
ô˵
ǰԼڡ
ֻһ뵽ҪЩ˵ġرܡʹβ롢ԸϷ硣
Ԫʦǰ
Ŵġʦ֣;ѹԴڴûңܿ԰ӵȺ
ɽ̨ͤ棬Ѿϲ衢ĵһӦȫ
Ƭ̡
Ҳδɻ󣬶ѯʺ󣬲ű֪ʦܻʵټ빬δء
˲ڡ
Ī˿
Ԫԥߡ
Ů״æС׷ϣʦӦˡ
͡
Ԫ뿪÷ɿ졣԰ֲǿֻ޿κεĿ뿪

뿪ʦ
ԪҩöȥѰӡ黹Ͼ֮һֱвס
ȻӲҩáֻƹ񡢰裬ԼҲŴĸС졣
֪ȥ
ƹҡͷҲ̫躵ĶҲǺ⣬ˣҽβȥˡ
λҹմ򼸴Ρ費̫ȷ˵ôһ˵С뵽ʲôλ˵ĸ׳ʥҩͺ˵Ľˡ
ʥҩ֡
ʱԪ⡣ǷƵģϸȥλ֪ǰסҩʱҹ躺ܶΣʱ
Ůҵ
δлɡ
ڿ
Ԫ漴ϸԭɡ
С㽫մĴ˵һ顣
Ԫ꣬ﲻɵ˼Խˣʥ壬ֶһʥ̡
ҶƵҩ
С쿴Ԫʲôģֹ´ŵջ˼
ллСһ˴磬ллС㡣˵žҪȥϥ֮һ͵ס
лҡ
СҡͷûСæûæСϵɫϿҶм
Ԫپ⣬ʣΣ
Соչ˴磬ںܺáػʮֹɵĸо
ʥҩ֮£ľ֪𣿡
СˣЩԣǻش𣬡ǲ֪ʲô˵ġһֱδ
ȥ
'áõġ"
׹鲻ס
ȴæĵͷ̬ȹֻڿԪҩס¶Ժ󣬱ƹ𣬶Աı̶ȥ
ɫ
ƹܿҲ뿪ˡ
谵ܿ˵ơˮӷŵϺСʣС㡭
ſڱЩ˵ġƵ档
豭ǰµĿˮл΢ȵ¶ȣԪ΢΢űӣһڣƼѾֹ飬Цʣôˣ
ЩֲʡʳС㡭ЩϢ𣿹ʦġġ
ԪˮЩʺ⡣˵ʱϴŵЦ⣬ð迴Žİ˿
ϲЦտ
Ҿ֪СŲ۸أ
СĻһŲɵġ飬С㣬ǡҪһֱȥ𣿡ȻǮˣҲԴˣΪŮվҪ˵ġ
øȥأ
һԪһ˿⣺ϣСҵɾңͲԼһˡǮҪи׸ĹүҲСС㡢С㣬ϲ͵Ĺү
Ԫ


109 ˷
⡣
ҹɫ¹ˮľ׵Ժ, ˮӯ, Ԫ΢΢ԡͰ, ˮǰմȾˮļڹӰӨӨԡ˿õͰɢ, ΢΢Ŀȵˮ˼ʲô
Ƥϸ塢ˮ˰㡣׹ǰһɫĵԽۡ
٤ľ顣
ʱΪõֶǴ顣úϵ±
С㣬ҩ͵ˣطͿԺˡ
ӳѾӰѾž⡣
Ͱˡ

ˮ½
Ԫˮ洩ϱ, ëһʪķ˿ݡ
š
Ҳû⣬Ŷ롪
Ŷ˲һϤ˱Ƕ
һ˲㽩סˣ̧Ľ̤ȥҲ, ջҲǡӳһơ
̶
ˡ
ǴʵأŻƣֱԵþݳޡһǰĻž㡣һɫɫ, ɿ崩, ϵһ, ڴš
̻¶һƬǿš˯ǰúȵҩ, ţŵ˷Żȥûа㴳˷ѻԾ
Ϊ˾䣺ôʻʱҲû̧ͷΪԼ˱ơԵͳĴ, ˵Ц⡣
δ
ڷڡ
ٲɢӳڹӰ, ÿһ˿ɢź˵Ĺ
ԪƻſұЦˤ뿪û뵽˻ôʱ
˼ֱǣ
ɫƽһ֮ʦ, ѧС֮ͽ, ҹŮӹ뷿ȥҲЦ󷽡
ž̧дŷзһʣҲ޲ɡһ֡ν⡯ζ̬ȡ
Ԫû˵ֻ治ҪġЩȻûκЧƫƫӸλ˼ĪĹʦ
ž첻˸ƻСҲȴϺЦ⡣֭΢ڴߣ̬ң·ԵĲƻǡ
ҹ⡣
˳Ű뿪ӿ̨ϻҡҷ
ԪһδɵʪվپЩ䡣΢£ĿԽЩá
žĽֵ̨ǰٲҪˣʱйŮڰϢȥ񲻸Ƿǣ
Ԫѹĵ׵ҲԼȥˡ£˽ȥӰֱԽƵ˼Ѳųǰ
ȥҩ
Щԥ
űһֻ޳ָƵǰҩɵÿһۡ˵ʵĶҺȡ
ž㿴ʱôСż˵
ԪߵԶױ̨£Ҳ¸Ƿʲô£Сģç򡣡Ѿٺҩˡ
žƲײĳĬһ£ұϿ˿˼㿴ڲԶʲôȵڡ
˵ţ˶٣ѰҺ£
Ԫû̻شֻ΢΢˼Ȼʥ֪飬Ӧñࡣ
Ϊڴ֮ǰ
֪ʥĴڡ
̬ȿʱδɹصݡ֮Ҳһֱǹء
ֻߡ
Ҳһʼȷʵûлɹ
֪ˡ
֪ܿ״ʱֻһֱڼ֪ѣ
ٻҲһĳЩ顭
ɢ˼ǰء
ʲô
ǰҪʲôɫӰŹǰ
˵ʳ֪øϸ
ƴżѭѭյζ
롭
Ԫ˵ţλվϴһƬƵɫĿ۾нȾһ޷Ե档
һ˻᲻רע桢
žʣʲô૵ջ΢һ˿ڵˮķ˿޳Ưָš
㻹ǵʲô
롭㻹ǵʲô
ǳ
·һѰ顣
žϵĶ׾һ١Ȼ󻺻սߣЦⲻҲ˿˵¡·㡣
µһ˲䡣
Ԫѵý̧־ҪƿȴһѰλϣֱ۳ױ̨ߣмӸµĶꡣ
л˵
˼ָˡ˹Ƚæ¿ܻȽˡ׷Сʹٿ~


110 ҪС
һƬӰ, һԵѹ
Ԫױ̨, ΢΢, ˿Ҳɢ档û˵ָ΢֮ɢ
ûʤ㡣
ž, µĿҹմˮʪҷ
СŮ书΢ȻǶ֣ʦԴΪ١
ͷȥ
ΪĻͷҲû涯֡
žЦһ, ûĳϣ°ͣ˵˵֪ġ
ԪԲҹ
Σ
ҪСŮ
лصˮ, ǳö
žȴΣյ۾֪˵Ĳʲôû
ҪСġ
Ԫδֹ
žһӸսû˸вҡüķ˿䵽, ⻬, Щ˿˿ķš
ԪĿ, һ˿, Ҳû˵˵һҲ
˳ġ
һյ΢ҡҷĵƣʱϨȴһ͵оӣֻҪкʵʱȼһС
Ҳû˸ҡ
ú
˵һ䡣, ûʲôɱ, ļµĺ⡭
ž΢΢Ƭ̺, ׻Ƿſ, תߵ齱ʣʥ㻹ǵö٣
̬ôŴͷϥֱ۸ϥϡϲһɫ飬ɴţԽĵָ޳
дһ˿˵š
Ԫ
ο϶СŮǹ
žȾһ˿
ǻ˵ϸ֪ʥΣ
СŮΪһҪ֪㣿
žеķ飬ЦЦмζͿǷ񻹿ϳ֮Ĺϵ
ϣԼԼ뷨ˡ
ݵĳĬ
ķΧЩľס
Ԫ֪ԷָԼһ¡ȻֻһʽҲһԼӦˡ

СŮʥ壬Ҫùʦʧˡ

ա
ٽʱ
ӳһԳ
֪ݡԳΪǶ
һʼ϶ǲŵģǿڶԷ裬Ͷ˵仰ôбԷ˵
ΪΡ
Է˵ѡ
һΪǸʡ
ΪǷҩĸʡ
岻ĻλͻбʲϾ͸ʲôˡ
һֱż̳лλأ
ŶԷ֮ ִӶԷ֪һĴܡ
˽趷޳ΪѪȲɱභΪ֡
һһէĵǸӡȻħÿ£
ͤ
һִɡı£Ƶģݲ飻֪顢ֻҪ֤ȷ䣬ӽ𡣡
ԣֵ꣬˽ȹȰһ²Ҫһٴ
ץѱԶ֮ء
ŵϢ
ﻹʲôֵꡭ
Ȼûôֳȴűؽ
ײߺתسǣϼһ˼ÿУ˳빬ȥһʵȥˡ
ʵۺȲ˵ԼżȨزɱ޹˵úء
صΣɵĵز
ʵԼұ³飬ʱŭޱȣ̳׷ϸ
£ڵСĿЩ˸ŵڻû֤ȷ֮ǰɲܴݾߵĻ
ʵ۴ĵӣҲû⵽Դ˸½̲
븸öԴӹ³Ͽҵ˵ǰԶĽ̻壬һֱǹģһ¡
һûʵĻ˵ꡣ
ʵЦޱο׼ˡ
˺ԣʱһЩѲǱ˾ı
´ϲصĴӦ¡빬֮󣬴Żʵ۵ѲǱ˾һЩ½ǡ

ͬʱ
ڳҩ⣬ͣ˲ġŻ޵ľŮǡ
ڵˡ
ҩɯҪԺȥˡ
û𴲣
˯
ɯʵܲģһҪˣʹǶ䵽ϡ
С岻á
ִĶҩԺıؾ
Ͳ˽ȥ
ҩƹһưҲû˵
ɯɫַ꣬ʵøѾҪѾķ綯ˣ
ñ͸Ҫƣ
˵ɯҪǿ
ȴҲʱ
һɴӰ߳
֪СѰҺ¡
ߣ
ɯקžߡ
С㡭
輱׷ȥҩƹסˣˡˣСзӦԡ곤ƽսӴó
һϮȹŮҲȷʵûɯקˡ

ٴμɴҡֵŮʱ
üȾŭӰƽ̧־ҡ
ﶼŭ
ѾԤ赲һ
Ȼ
Ůûж
ֻֽ̧ס˵Ķҡɴɢķ˿£һŰѰŮҵѰŮûеĵȻ̬

ǹؼҶС㡣
ӶŮһʱЩ⡢ʧԭŭ⣬ڵ֪ž㽫鸮СͻصϢ϶һˣŭھһŮˣת
վǰŮӡȴַȫȫһˡ


111 
ŮƵҴͷϡȴЩ棺´˾δ̫񡣡
Բȷ˺, ࡣ
ڱǰͷ, δ㲻֮Ǳʴȡ
Ůָɴû˵ȴֵΪҪԼҩ, λСĻ£ʵ벻м䷢ʲô
ӿŮҲûмƽϣΪֵ⡣
ߺȥ
Ůǵ, ֪ʲôĽŽͣʦСŮһˡҲΪˣŶСŮá
˭


ʲôˣ
ɫȾ׷ǺιϵԼžΪ
СŮżȻʶмֽ顭ڹʦΪҪ, СŮͲ̫ˡ
ںδ
СŮ̫, ӦѰСŮԭҪ, ζԸӡʱ֪¿¶ˣ
һ, һʱ, ʱӵ˼أǰԪ˹ʶ, ˵ʱδ, ֳһֱϵڡ
֮
Ů׼ơҲ֪ɫ찵Ū˸Ҥ顭
ӵıӸ, ã̫˵֡ŮһЩεģֵԭ, ºҲ鵽һЩ, 
û̴ȥׯȻѾȲҪĳаڵʵǰ, Ϊ, ɳׯ̽
ԭƾǲ鲻ʲôϢġĿ뷽󣬺ܿͲ鵽һЩɴȷׯȷº󣬱㽫ʱ䶨ҹϮ
һ档
ڵûʵ͵˱ǺҲû̶֡鲻ĺȥԳ
ڱ˵빬ȥһʵʱ׻һЩӡйǣ뵽˽լΪ͡ʵӡ
ϷˣԲ顣
Ժ
羰Ҳ¡
Ԫվڳر߿ˮ㡣ںܰĿ㣬˼ƮԶ
һʼ˼飻ȴ֪뵽ž㡭
ˮӳһ쿡ЦЦζ̬ӹ͸Ȼ
Դ̬ȡֹƺܴһ˿ζ
Ҳ֪ΪͻȻ뵽ˡԪʶһüͷ׾΢壬΢ˮ˲䵴
漴󿿽ĽŲҲͷҲصĿڵ
´Ǻ˳
鲻Цļƻʲô
˵ʱĿⶢӰƣϧŮӡ
ҹǰΧסׯӡͻȻѣǱزֻڶֵĹо֤֤պõ֤ݱɡ
ƻͷ
ţҲġúΪ³ıߣպ󱾵ٵǴλˣطΪһʦ࣡
Сǡ
ԪɫĻӦԣСһλѣֲ붷޳г϶׿СǰҲǾһ
ӵҲ׼ʱ뿪ҪΪ֣ϢҲѵãֻ˰ȥǸط̽̽
Ȼ治ֲ

뿪ƫԺ
Ԫһ·ṦӰȥ;һʱͻȻͣôٿȻһͣƷɢۡ
ּƮݡ
ķҶɡǰӴţǰӰ
һϮɫӰţаȻ󣬾ôСڣӳڵİ׹ħ
ӣ΢ܵ⣬ִЦЦζ̬˵ĹƻΣա
Χб΢ס
ܡ
ҹǰŸߣű뿪˦ٵߣҹϢ˳ǣδڳͣ
δ¶ǰΨһ¼ôλáҲȷʵٶȡ
š
εȴû˿ֻεĸһЦĳƺ̨棬СЩʴˡ
Ŷô˵ҹĽ飬Ҳ͵ˡˡ
˵ţЮεΣϢ߹ұЦⲻ·ֻ֮һƬҶ
һΡ
Ҫȶˡ
ԪЩܵˡסˣû˿ӭȥһƬϺ㡣
ƺƺѪԵ飻齻飬Ȼʶڵġϲ飬ϧʱɣСʱ㣬ٴ˱ٻСڡ
δ䡣
ѽҼ
ѽ
ϮһȻΣԪɡΪ裬䣬ȻϢһ˲ɢ
Ϊ㣿
̨Ҫʲô
ñδСֵ븮һۡ
࡮롯С̿֡
Сֵܶˡ
д裬ȴаӿӰӵ΢Ӿ簵صΣҶ治˭Ĳһ߹ٶ䣬һƮ̣Ӱ趯֮䣬һطҡ


112 治
ԪԹصʱ, һֱ, , ȫϾžʱһЩҶʱп, ʱˣȥľ΢
۾žԽ, ䷭䣬âѹ£ۿҪ䵽Ԫ, ǹӰ㱬һɲǼ䡪
һƬѩ׵ԪĳвϷգһůݲȶǿƶϾž㣡
һ˲䡣
Ԫ뷢˿뾲ֹ״̬ݸա
䡪
ǿ, һɸΪǿĳ, Ϯ, ݿ֮, УҶգ
Ԫס˴󲿷ֳûһˣ鲽أ, ̱ܼܿ簵޲֦Ҷ˵İȫ롣
ͻֵˡһӺǳЦ, һߴ, , ȴǱԨӿİնޡ
ǡ
žһЦζӰ֣Ϲ۷䣬˿ڲ֦Ҷ¡
Ҳûпڡ
ֻЦЦǰļ
ƺ˭ҲδŵĽַϡ
Ҳ˻ԪߺźȣУԾžɫҴݣ֪λС͵˹ʦʦ̧֣һҲʦǡ

˿
ĵˣĳֻС͵븮һۣһ˵
·ˡ
һС͵ܵǽеޱȻ
ᡮһźЦݣҲƣҲûвƵ壬ֻǴ˵ҲѰС͵ܣǴɡ
ᡣ
ִŲݲصζ
žЦȾаรǻ治ɡη£΢΢һƬžǽ塣
ЦⲻȡȴнâϢ

Ҷ
ۿŶڽнԣ˴Ŀ⽻ٶȰӿɱȻҪһζʱ
˵˾䣬ȻΪС͵ܶβһԸ
㻹˼ǵһСԪʱȾϸж俴ϵǼԡ
Сʵڷֲ֡ʦʢҲֻȴ
žЦƺģȻȴ˵Ϣд͸
ԪС鴦׵ԵŰݷá˵òǼ峺
žĿ⿴ٿʱȾϼ켸аȷʵҺС͵ܵĸˡ
ֵС͵ô˵ĳôţ㱸ϺС͵ܵ
潫˴Ҳǲܵ¡
ޱҪ
ˡ
㴦ž鷳Ԫ뼧ġꡯ̸Уһ·Ƿȥ䣬ԼӦе顣
ʾ޷
ǣͬУ̶ȥ

ĳٽֵ
棬Ժȴ˲ٻ
ҹǽͷһ´Żɴҿݡ̬ȴʮɢ⣬˵Ϣеƽ͡
泯ŵԺӿյϡ
Ӱ׷š
硢ȲҪȹԹ԰ҩˣҩ˾ͰѼȸԡ
СҩżֲÿգǶ㡢ȰþҩٳԶβסֱ죬һ˼ӵϿôȰҲˡ
硭
С޿κοҹ
ҹӰ֮˶ȴǿᳵ·Ժˡ
ϻżȵľһ٣ҲǡĿڻϣмԴȴֲʶǶܿջĿ⣬ԹרĿʳеʳ
磬ˣ
СϲЦӭϡֺĴһеѩ׹ӡ
ԪЦԭСҲ˵ţߵʯǰ£̶򼧻褡ڴ˲ؾԱ㼴ɡ
ٿԺǽЩҹ򵥸Խһº󡣱ҹ˵⡣
䣬СݺõĲ²ˮҲֻһ˵
ԪΪ˴һ¡
޳λñׯƫƧҲѹ롣㼧ϴ߲֡㼧вѲǱ˾ı˳룬ҲһѶȡ޳ׯӵ¿ʱը١
һѻ׾ٻۼ
ҹͬУڻгûųڵˡҼ⹥Ӧ¶޳ׯͽԼˡ
ֻҪž㡢褶ִ¡ҹ֮ӱششȻҪǵȴ޼ɵԾ̨ϵͣȥ
ϾʵǸϧ֮ˡ


113 кδ
ҹ뿪
ԺֻʣԪ뼧褡һϻǲľ񡣸СҩˡǷĽ
硢硭Ҫˮ
ĿԺתһȦ, Ԫϡ˿̵, δı, Щһֱòƽƽۡ
ԪԺܿ쵹һˮ̧ûаҪļ, ָᵯˮɵϡ
˲䱻ס
ֲ
Ա߿Ц˵˾䡣
ȷʵ
ԪҲ۵㡣׿ⲻ̸ҹǿࡣ
ֵ͡£СɣСҩ, ŵ㣬ҹ֮ǰӡҲ̸̸ʥ̵顣
褲ʣΪͻȻ˳ƺ
ǰ֪ݣƺв֪֮, Ե硭
ΪڲŻ
ԪԲɵ⡭ֻǾû׵ЩߣһֱֽеҲЩ̫ϰߡ
褼״ЦЦ, Ц, ص, ʲôС͵ϲͺá˴徲, СƬҲ޷
硭
ϵĽкҪǹһֻӷ
ԪЩεĽסŻϡ
ǣҲδһ¡
褵δЦ⡣ûа㱻̨Ȼ
ˡл󣬱Ҳ⡣
ǰԣҪСæ
, Ӧһ, ̶С͵ܶԹʦž˽٣
ԪƬ̡
˼ѷ, ΪҲɲ, š֮
ƶС͵ܼΪִš
ѯʡƳˣٴѯž֮顣
һΡ
ԪﵹҲûʱٺ塣
ҲС䷢ܡ
Բɵ̧δѯʲôȴڵ˵
Ҫ˵𡭡
Ԫ˵ţʵ͸¶һЩϾž顣ʱĽӴУȻûȷʹأͲ֮Ĺϵˡ
ֻǹǡصĹϵûóȻǡеκһ̽ʶԷ񼴴ӦΪ£ȻҪóһЩ
СżȻҹ֪λ赹ˮУȴˡ
ʦѰԿС͵νߣ
ˣȾ󡣺Իã綾Ρҹ֮С񡭡
ԭʱʦĴѲ㡣ʦóƶ֮йءС͵ܴӳʵҡ
һЩСѡ
ԪҲûж˵
Ժв֪ΪžаӣִԼʡ
ҪݳΨжз
ļֵ
ԭܴ档ڴˣҲعƽ޲˵
С׷Ԫ̨ɽżʶأΣ֮飬±Ҳܲµˡ
΢΢Ƭ̡̡Ԫ͸¶ѶϢ٣˿ϸ
С͵֪ܿʥ̣
һ仰Щڴ֮ǰ롮ءò뾩ǵԭ򣬹شΪʥ
˿̱㲻ʥΪʡʥʥϢϢأ׾˵һ
ԪжšʵСڵʥһ£֪֮кι
ˡ
ڽһЩϢ
Ԫû˵ʥľԭ
ҲûٶʣֻС͵ܽкδ㣿
ԪأոԼ
С͵ǰʦвס
Сıǡ
ҲͲ˵ʲôѾӦǰ˵ʲôûˡߣзִ磻˵һӦ

ҹʱ֡
ҹɫ¾ҵƻͨһƬھ֮ɽ֮ӴԼŲǱɽµС
ԪŮͬڲࡣڸ֪ɽķԪ֪ø࣬ϾǾžˣΪ¶ׯϢҲ˽øȫֻûȫչֳ
ֻںʵʱһ¡
˴̽ĹУһҪɽкüҩ˵ͨ˼ҵС㡣
ü˰ɸˣɻɽסһ·Ҳȥִǿбʳһܵ
·
ҹɫлɽӴһɷľˣڴׯ档
һڵӵѰȨӵ˸׽
Ǵ඼ʶӵġͻȻôΧס־ŭֻţҲֻӲͷƤۡ
ӵƢͱŭð㲻ãЩڽˣ񿴵ӵڣް˼ɣʣ竹Ѫɱ˼뿪ȥͨ籨ūţ˶ʱٶˡ
˵ӣЩһɪɪŮӣֻ쳣ܣЦȾſ񣺡
֤֤ȫ
ɫĴˣ


114 鷳
ӴӵׯʱҲѲǱ˾Ĺٱٵɱֱ޳
ҹڻǱųѺˡ
һƻеڽС
һҲƻеβһҹ֮, ĴСﶼŹׯ붷޳顣
˶, ݣǻ, Īڴˣ
Ӣ͵£ư, ˶񶾣գ
ӷͬ
Ҳ֪ϢǴﴫġ
ƺ֪ˡ
¥˵ڻɫĽͺԼҲһ㡣Ͼǰбʵ, ôԤɢƽյȻŭ

ٽֵ
̸Ϲ󣬽Ϣɢȥ֪Ԫ̶, ֽһŽԪ˵ſһˣ, Ϊתˡ
ˡ
С㡢ҲֻλĹӡ
Ԫӹ, չһּۡ۵һɲ, ֪Է˭, 뿪˼еķȥ
ͬʱ
Ҳڲɫٵˡ˿ܼܿУһžôʧڸߵߡ
һ档
ڹʦ
žյϢ󣬴ŽǶͩԶȥ
Щ
ҲáҲ, ڰеʥ֮Ϣʥƽʱʥʹڴ, ƺδ
ֱա
һЩϢ
ھʥ̡ǰҩЩˡʧ뾩, ںܳһʱ, ž˶ûҵǵټ

ڰӶˣٴע⵽֯Ѱƽռ䣬ҹӰһ͸вʵڣҽݡҩõĴС

ͩԡ
侰ӵ·ϣһƬ֦ͩҶïҶвϷˣĺͯ
ˮĴţũ򣬰һ͡һƬֵѰ˼ҡ
ԪżӲۣǶδע⣬һ·ͩľͷ
һͨԺӡΧżԺǽԡŰ뿪ţԪֱ롣
ԺȻ󣬲ȴΪз̺С֮һƬС۵ʻסߡ
ýˡ
޷һ۾ͿԺ龰࿿䷨Ҳֻԭشת
Ҷ졣
ӰҡҷӳˮˮҲһƬƹ⣬Ա߲ԶԼӰڽ̸ʲô
һյ㣬衣о֣̣һ˿ĳ⾳
۽֮䣬г˵֮ˣѳšԵͳƽֱ
ˡ
һŰ۵ߡݿ϶ֲʧͰɣһʱգ½չ˳˼ڻ㵲˲鷳ԼǺС
˵Ųһӡ
ֺαļ߷£춨·Զ⡭鷳մ֮Ҳɲ١

ЩƵĲ˼ܿ죬ɫָֻȻı£ܿɻ⡣ʱԵʻᣬ롭
ʱԵʻᣬʶҵýշȴѶ˼֮ʱλ״ĳҲ֮顣

̸䡣
Ѿβ
ʱ䡭Ҳ뿪ˡ
š
ԣҲͲٶʱδ٣뿪ʱ޷

뿪
һֱϢԪ߳Ծɰȴ˲η塢ѹƸеӡ
ỽһ
ʦ𡣡
ŷ뿪ߡ
ʦӦһ
ûԴ£ʡȴҲǺƽ͵
Ԫɵöһ¡
ûݡžһã˺ʧȥٵĹرȻᱻɡ
ô
һٵ˱Ͳס
žĿֲȫϡҲءҲһͻỳɵ㻳ˣûȷе֤ݡ
Ҳֻǻɡ
Ԫ˵ʲôʱ
ʦ˵·ڷȥ
ԪˣûжʲôӦһʦķȥܼ򵥣ܿϷһǳɫȹ
ʱ
Ѿ˹صòʲôɫһ޵ŵȻ
վԺʦҲһЩ仯һЩҲһЩ
תʱ
Ȼǡ

ʦҪˡ뵽ŵĶԻӦ鷳뾩鶼˵һ顣
ص˵һЩйصġֻĵЩҲһֱ̫ףֻΪʧʦԼֱȻøá
ʦȴִ¡Ҳ˵ûз֮ǰ㡣
ȴֲʥ顣
˼䡣
ѽ˵ꡣ
ʦҲû˵û򲻺ãֻǾꡣҲʱ洫һ
Χ
Ϊ׵Ľһ¡
ʱԺΧʵʵóһ·ֻžһƥ䲻ýĿ߳һϮۻšɫģǶһЩʯ·Ƿ


115 â
Ժѱȫƿ
ǻΧ, Ŷ롣žһķȻԺǰ, ִ̧Ҫ
ǰ, Ҳµ˿ˡ
ǿͣķʽǵ, ϷĹ򣬹ʦԵŰݷãС򡭡
ԺڴһԽߡºͶ١
ⰲƬ̡
žдȻǡ, һֱڰ٣ʧȥٱؽرȴδյϢ, ˵ǲʧ¡Ϣ
ˡ
Ǻ󵽡Ժ֮бȻˣʥ֮Ӵ
ȻԴ˵Ծӡ
С͵Ϊ⼸ǽסˣ
СŹʦнı¡ٲ, ˲⼸ǽһҲܽ
䡣
ԺкȻӿ, , ɫ, ԽΧСһ˿Ѷȡ
žЦЦؿһУ΢۾Σɢѵķ󡭡ǽɣȷʵ״ݻ١

С͵ܼȻ˵, Ҿͽݡ뷽ʽ
öĻδ, ӰСΧ䡣۾һƬãã, , ͷ͸ŨʹӰ
һƬ½֮
ΧǽխĹƴͨУȴִ˻طԭ㣬Ŷݼ֮ӰߡҲŤߣŨ֮мѱʶ򡣲žͨ˵һЩʱ󣬲Ժ
ɫӰŨסһ߽ͬʱεɢ𣬸ˮյתɢ
Ȼ
Ũɢ¶Ժһʱ
İҫͽһ˿а⡣ڡǳŮû˵ϸһ˿ұЦ⡣
ǡ
һȫ֮ˣ
ԪҲʱ΢΢ΣѹȸеĿ⣬û˵ֻšһ˿ĵζ
žĿԽһƬԨҹɫӰֶһֱ֪˵Ĵڡȴ֪վһʱ˰ۣ
ʦٲĳ
žĿءϣ߹ȥѾƽЦƺģȻȴ˵Ϣд͸
ζעǰ忡꣬һ˿ϸ΢һʱ˵
̬һ㡣ֻǿЩҲ˼ֵаӡ

һΡ
һ޲ֲ֡ȫ֮ܽɶֵ̬

ˮ뱭ö
ʦһžǰ
žֻǿûжⱭ裬Ϊ⣿
⡣
һͼĳ⣬Ҹúأ
ʦĿġ
ʥ֮
ǹʦһ
С͵ܲڴ˵أܸһõĽ𡣡
ʦ𵭵ɫδ䣬ֻʣǹʦΪСĵ˻ѣ
ǵУͿ֮¡
ʦƳţԪ˵˾䣬ȻȥɡһּΪȻ׽
Ѱ˻̫ܸоó
ȴþž˼֡͸һ˿İ־ס
Ԫšһ뿪ھžʱȴִŹƻУǡ˳·ȥţȥ
ܺһֱҵζ
ԪˣɫĻش𣺡͹ʦδ˵꣬ŷ綯⣬зͻȻʲôûܡΪžץסѱӰһʦץס
΢ķ˿¡
һ׾סº޺ȴ͸һѹȸС
Լȥ
ž̧ʦĿ⡣ϴһƬȻЦݣҲ޷˿˿⣬ëȻĿζ
˵Ҫȥء
Եͳ
ڶԻŵͬʱڰнϾϲˮѼ
ʦ𣺡Ҫ
ƽһ¡
ɲʱȾ
ƷƼӿΧн
âԡ
սһ
Ԫĵ׼ԥһ£ãСŮȺ򡣡Ϊʦžڴ˶֡ߣ滹н񣬾סʦҲסʦҲڡ
¾Ͷʦ𵭵Ŀ⡣û˵ʲô˼ȴѾԡһֲݾܾζ
ǡ뿪ɡ
ԪջҪϽ뿪ȻһѣϮͷʹѣ״ѸͻȻַ̧סΣֻǰһʶԵ
л˵
һСĶʦʥ֮Ľ̸УἰԵʻʥýİ˵˵õȥˡ


116 һʱ
Ԫʧȥʶ¡
ƺŵ˲䶯ˣ
ٶ, 쵽˲գۣ, Ҷ, ӰɲǽԵĲӰԭδ
˼ͬʱסԪ
ڸסһ壬Ʈȹȭƽ, ƹѣ̼䣬йУ
ڳ˿һϢʱ䡣
ԣΨжӵװءâԣž롮, , Ƕδȫݽ, Ų֡䣬Ѹ˻ԭء
Ԫ
Ȼʦ
һвʯһ˲䡣
һƬˮ⵹ӳӰǽϡ
ž˻صӰʧĲӰصķ˿ɢڼ, ʦ, û˵, һƬƲܡ
δ˸ҡҲδܴж߹ʲô
ʦ𵭵Ŀ, ʦǷСΪûܵӰ죿˵̬һ峺׺͡
ָġ
ǾžڽʱɢȾ춾ҲԪͻȻεԭ
ǡ
žЦһ΢, ްС͵ĵطֺֹڴˡ
ʦ, ˵ʲô, ˾תȥѰ߶, ޷ؽ̹¶һΪ顣
δʶ, Ʋ⡣
žĿⰵΣյĿš²Է⽫¶⣬Ҳûٶ֣м͵ϮߣǱȻҪߵģҲһʱ
ʦԪúóʱ
žѾλϣɫ糣̬˹ظԼ衣
ʦҲԭλ¡
Źʦ˵ˣ
žС͵ܻǽ
ʦûӻĿӾžϻ䵽ϲ豭䣬ʦĶ޿ײ롢ŶݵĽ֣ڲ˶ԷĵЩ΢н
С͵ѸоˡžȻ˵ʲôõ¡Էûһǰǰ̸ۣ˵ⶾԣڶԷв
ʦ𣺡šаʱ䡣
Ѱһ仰
ȴ͸¶ܶѶϢܶ١ֲܲȫŵѶϢ
ҲֻҪʱܽ⿪ڵĶҲֻ̡߸ʱѡ񣿻Ԫֻ֣߼ŵ̸
ʥ֮кιϵ
žδ˼̫ñ㻺ʡ
ʶ
ʶܾǰʶ㲻ʥˣҲض֪ĳЩ顣
ʥ̵Ŀʲô
ҵʧʥӣعʦ𲻽Ļش
žشȻ⣬뾩ѷչڣڻȥ˾νͣС͵ܵĳ⣬ǳʹ˵ʹȴвΣտǡ
ҪȥֻһΨһ;
΢ᡣ
֪ʱϸ¡
ԱߣŶ̸ĶˣҲβ
ɫҲЩˡ
ѾʵҪ֪ϢžҪ뿪ˡĿȴӵķһʲôδ׼ǰȥߵĿ⡣
ûΧκϡҲûпҪߣסżĶֲݾܾΣѹȸɢ
Է
㽫ǲɱıһս
Ѿ뿪ˡ
š
žĿϡ
ʦţԽȥ
ž㿴Ƭ̣뵽쳣ұϴŷƵ΢ЦˣҲҡ
֮
ʱŽ뿪


ӵҲѴˡӹﴫҲӹ⴫룬ʵ۶Դ˵Ĵá
ȻûдȨ󡢶ĿͨĳǶѾ֪صϢ
оͰ顣էȻЩϢֱĿɿڴ
ҹӡӷ˽ֵҹ۾Ļʵ۸ǰʱԷԴһָ֤ԼɵۣҲɫ
֮󣬶ӲͷƤҧԷϡȻЩ鼴ѱڵ棬˿ѰǵϾģ
ʵ۱ˡһӾһҲ˵ôҲû뵽СųġҲصλӣȻᡭ
ʲôӱؽˣ
̫̫һϢסˣӴιǺãҪʧˣ֪΢ô޸
̫̫
ͷЩˡʵ޿ˣܲҲ֪΢һ£H飬㻹֪΢ɣ
̫̫Ҳ֪ǵ֪΢ҲϴСˡң͸üˣȻڼϹ
򱻽ôһ¡̫̫ԽԽҲΪؼܳһʺ󣬶ҫ鹵鰡̲ס߶ΪʲôӦʺءҪǴӦ˻ʺ׵˼öãڻ֮пܵľǴˣ
Խȡ
ù빬һ¶˳㣬ҲʶǼûУôôûϢ
ϣ̫̫ڹָҳʲôӣүǹײ
ȻҲϧӣûҪŮĵز
ο
ŮѾ˵ˣȾ䡣
*
ɽԺ
羰ˡּļɽԺ¶һǣɽˮ֮˵ĳ
̨ͤ¥䣬һԶ볾ʫ黭⡣
ͤӰϡһŮͤŮ˵ʲô
ʯϷŸ򿪵ĽСһţ飬üáΪһּΪɫŻƣƬɽɫ롣
Ԫ
Ů˵ʲôۼɫ̫ãû˵ȥĿ䵽ǼǾһ顣
Ҳ֪̫ʲô
ȻЩ߰
ҲԪڴ˶꣬δʳ֮£Ҫأȵڣ
Ҫأ˭ˣ
ǣ
ۼ˰Цһ׻Ƿţ򿪣ɨһϵݺ˻ȥˡЩ档
ŮæӦһ
Ѹʰźȥˡ
ۼߵͤӵĻߣѹ΢˿Χɽɫɫƽ˼ҲƺƮԶ


117 ٹ
Ƶ¡
ʬ
ʯϵӳĲӰһɱһ, ֱһɱѳɷħ, ɱ¾, ܶʼֻҪﻹлŵ, ⳡսͲֹͣѪѪɽʯδš
һƬѪɫ켣
ֱһҲˡ
ۡһƬѪлվԶ϶䡣ɱ, ɿɼУϮߵһ
󡭡
йѪȾֻ½ʿһ˫Ŀ˫ۡ
һϮȾѪȹڷ, ±ϣڵԨ֣ƺҲƬڰûȾ, ˫, , ȴỬ۽ǡ
֪Ǿ, ΪλҪ
ȻѾȥЩЩڼƬΣӡĵס
Ըȴ
ʳڵ, ȴҲûлᡭ
һ᲻صĽŲŮ, ȴһ, Ⱥͤ
ۼɫõ, Ҳûлͷ΢΢ʱ۵һ˿ĸ
һŮڽڵϡ
ȥŻŮֶһţԪϢ
ȻϣҲֺ֣ٱȥǸģĸڳʲô
ĸˡ
Ůһ㲻ٶ˵ˡҲˣۼ飬뿪֮ǰ
дʲô
ۼȴʡһ˿Īķ뽹ǡ޷ì顣
ܣȴʵڷĲ¡
λؼҶСž֮ľʶ鲻ô򵥡
ŮһеϢ
ӻҷ˶Էе顣λѱؽ˸ϢֱڻʵٳùʦҩϻͯϢش
ۼʦҩһ£ЩסˣԥûʧƵϢüͷԽԽ
¹ɺϡ
аһС
Ƕĸӵ顣
ȴ޷ʲôءб¶СĻ˭Ŀʲôǵ֮Ҫ顣
Ĭú
⡣
ǡ
ŮӦһ
ԭ˵ʲôʲôҲû˵Ҳ֪ھǵľˣۼȻǱ̫ˡ
ֻǹ
û֡

ǡ
Ԫ뿪ʦס󣬻תҩáһڵ춾Ѱӡ
ȴû뵽
ҩ˴ӡһ֮ˡ
֪΢
ֵʱ
֪΢뼧̸ʲôվʮĵˡ˵ʱƯϸָ΢һĻɴԪ
м⡣
æӭԪС㣬˵ʶ㣬ҩˡ
ԪͷʾԼ֪ˡĿ䵽֪΢ϣ㣬ѰҺ£
֪΢òתȥ˵ɡá
üֽеЩζ
ãԵƬ̡
Ԫ˵šðԼȡ˶һöٳδܹ黹壬λҩҲûϴӡ
㽫ԭˡ
ӿôݹЦĪһӾͱÿ
ܡԭҲǺܲ
޷
΢Цӹ
ʵ˵ʲô
뵽Ĺ֪΢û˵

ɡŲ֪ζ
ܰ
˭Ҳû˵
ԪƵĵŶԷڡ
֪΢ҲԪȿѯʣ󣬻ԼͲסˡ
û˵ʵݡ
л
ʵԪԣ˵ˣҲûʲôΪҲǼٵġ
֪΢ƵӣĪЩ˵ŴӣʱҪνͣǹĵ
ȴ̲סͻء
ʦ塣
Ӷзݡ
һŮӶʵǹڷ˲
⡭ӦѰҵԭ򡣡
ԪشЩ⡣ڶرʦѹסһЩ˿ҲѹƣֻϾˣײ̫á
ž˵Ķ
ѷ
֪΢ûشֻܿ͵ˡ
Ԫ⿴һۡ
ѳǣһɽСɽнԹ·أЩ֮С
ûá
ͣһƽֱ̹ϡ
Ԫ
ҲĻʲôıƣֻſԷ«ʲôҩڸŹ֪΢ԶһԼɼĹ·ʱбЩ²⡭
лϡ֮Ĺ
ΧӲѾҲóǲһƬ
֪΢Ѿȡ˾ˮƷһһϡ
ַ
ȼϡ
֪΢ӹѾѾȼ㣬һԱվɫȻóԪ
뾩ƺû


118 
, Σ
Ԫʡӹ, лϵĹ˰, Ȼ֮ڷǰֽС
ӳ԰׶Ƶס
֪΢Ҳڼݺ㽻Ů, ɫȻ顭
Ů׵ģ
Խ϶׷ʣشҵ𣿡
û塣
Ǻ±¶ʲô
֪΢ᣬէȻʮȴһͽ֮УΪû, ǸûҪ
Ԫ̧ҲĬϣȻ͵Ŀ˲²͸ĺ塣
һ꣬عʱ, ΪŮ²Ż벻ĸף֪΢ʣ, , ߵԪĿһ˿εĻ, Ӵ
Ԫز֪, ͽ̡ϣüĿ̬ȴһƬƵ
Ѿµ֪΢һ̽ˡ֪΢ĽӴָ࣬ļ, ̬δ, ҲδʲôԵİѱ, ̫˾ͻ
ǡ
ǰл˽Ӵʱ, Ҳڲ¶̸лرܡϾǹأ˱Ҳ޿ɺǡ
л֮˻ˣ褱ȻҲ֪顭
²֪΢ˡ˾Ļɡֻǲ֪֪ޱؼҵԼǷ֪лҵĴڣ
ֻʵԼĸ׵£ŻТǡŻᶥײףŻᶥײŻΪŻ䡭Żһϵ޷顣
֪΢˵꣬΢ٺֲһ䡰˵˵ö𣿡
ԪɫţֻΪʹټҲټ۰ĸסˣƭдףĻ䣬Բ顣ûиףûгֻͬİ·İˡ
ȻˣΪλҪ
ŵľǣ˿Ϊֲ
֪΢ҭЩ˵ҲͲͷٰɴ˻⣺㣬˭
ԪɫȻĿʣ˵Ҹ˭Ƶû˿ŸС
ȷʵ֪˭֪ǹأԸޓ졭ðʲôͼ
Ԫϣش㡭ݺ޸ݵĲ²⣿
˼Ҫôô˵ܴҵĻɡ֤Լǹء
ҲɡǳƵµӰԳʶ˼̻㡣
ִûʲôô̹ףлأҹؼҲؽ׷㡭ıҶ֮£
Ԫָʹ̫Ѩû˵Щ룬㲻ټ⡣
֤֤ǹأﶼںҲҪοǻû֤أ
֪΢ȴΪ˼Լúÿһ°ɡĻأֻҪԷϳ̹ףǱıȡҲֻء
˵ʹѾ׼سˡ˭ȣһӰҲ˽
ĽҰģǴһĹŮ°ɣ
㡭
֪΢ˣһʱ侹֪˵ʲôеҪӵģ»
ͷػҩá
ѾȻ֪ʲôȴǻԼСģҼСҪظûҩá
Ҳɡ
Ԫ˵꣬΢΢Ŀ
֪΢ӣ̬ά֣ȨС㣬̣û˵ʲôֻŽˡ

˳ǡ
ڹ֪΢鲻ǺܺõĽ£Ǹҩöȥмʱһϡ
ȷе˵Ǳסˡ
ԭѾõ˱ϣЩҲѾ߹ˣȴ֪ΪͻȻͷǵΧס
ƺˡ
ǡ
˵Ļû˵ꡣ
һɫӰѾӰԽ

ѾһžôĿӣֲҽУ֪Է˭
֪΢ɫȻѾ࣬ҲЩ̫áԷľٶҲίʵ̫
žû֪΢̧־͵ԪѨۣЩʵıˡ
аЦһ̣Ҫ뿪
ʦ֪΢ЩִٿڽסԺɿ֯ߡ
ЦЦĿ⡣
֪΢ĵĪЩ΢Ц¶ʦߣŮ½
һСҪֽ
žһ仰δ䣬ŵӰѾʧ
ֻһâ


119 ش
ҹ
Ƴϵʱ֡
ʦȼ߹, ƻͨһƬûʡ䱸ɭ, ʹҲѶá
һ·ϡ
Ͼž, һǹһء
ʦˡ
ʦˡ
žǰ߹ûаͣ
뿪Զ
ЩŮûǲ, Ƕ·𿴵ʲô˼飬ŵ顣
ոաʦ˱ŸŮģ
Ů̲סʡ
ԱʹŮæСȳ⣺꣡Сӵ顣
Ů֪ʧԡ
æ˿ڣٶȥˡҶ棬˸˽ۡȨ󡢹ٻ֮ҸϵĹ, ʦĹأΪ
һ̴ľһյοյ¯, ڿݻ
ž㽫˷ŵԼƽɵϺ󡣽⣬΢΢ӴҲΪôһ·, ŵһʶʵСᡣԼûʲô
԰׵
żδѵɬС
ָḧ, ⻬ϸĴ, ֮Ϻõʯ, ˰֡
һöá
̲סһ˿૵̾Ϣ࣬ȴ޿κΣΪ֮󣬻һ⾰ˡ
˯һʱȴֲ, ŵһ˿ġζ
΢ɾ
ϸŨĲҩζ, Ѭ, Ǽѷֱ, ȴȻųˡ
㡣

ҹɫ
ԪʱδۣʶԼİĻܰĻ㣬ۣ֮ӳģǰĻӰ
泯ơŰľ룬һۿľһڿ
޳ָ飬ÿ
֪ˣĿƵϡ
ЦЦִżа⡣ӳʯζˡ
ԪεıܿĿ⡣İ඾塣ͣɶȴ޷䡣
˹Ϣ޹󣬷ŷָ΢΢ս
Ȼʲô
޳ܣ
鲻ãڵ˼ûС֪飬˷ѿ࣬ƾ׸Լһӻ
žƬ̣ĳʣ𣿡
Ԫ̧û˵֮ĻӺʱѾʼ
Ľ͡ԵŻȻɵĹƻ
СŮҪʲô𣿡ԪȻʣȴѾŲµָʲôˡǲشκ⡣
žĿⶨƬ̣ҵޣ˷ʱ䡣ȻʵòҲᣬȴΣС
ҲгĬȨ
žƲɵöһ£Ƿˣ
кβ𣿡
Ԫʡ鲻ǺܺãҲĶǡ
ζЦ⣬Σ˹ĵҵķ䡣
Ѿƫ˻⣬ȴ壬ȴĪá
Ԫ仰ĵʦɽСŮص֪ܽصȻ֮ԣѲپ顣
ǡ
ɵЦһ˼ӵۡ
ԪҲʶˡ
ĵ΢΢һҲ뿪ڡ
Բҹ
ȻҪ
ԭԲҹҲǳԸ

ž˵˾䡣ᣬȻܵȻ
Ԫûһ˿ײĽ䱸̬
Ҫʲô
¡
ͼ˳ֽŵϣ߹ڱܣž㣡
ۼսʶ֡Ѵ֮׽סŽһֻ֣Ҳסһ
ײϣץסáŨУһʱ̲ס硣
š磡
ֶвȫƵġ
ӡ뵽ϵϵζһ޵ķӦ
ʱɣȴΪǡ
ϵ̸ЩͬҲʱûⷽ롣
ֱ
㡣
ϵİ㣬ȴϣԭԶ
Щôʱﱻƭת

һֱڼֻٰûˡ

ֻͬһٵݡҲ֪뵽ʲô΢֮ʲôϵ
硭
ԪڲͣĴ硣ƣԱ֮䣬ϵŨζ
ž㿴Ǳ
׻ɿ֡
һƺľˮ
ž΢΢ֽ̧סƺľˮ֣ջ˾ƺС
һҲûн䡣
Ԫ˵ĽŰֻ¶һ˫΢΢ˮ˫ҲЩ죬Ǳζ޹ġ

Ĺϵ׽Ĺϵθɣ
žвƹӿȻЦݣȴëȻĺ⡣
ʹ㣬ʥǵö٣λشģ
֮£޼ѰԾɲţһ飬Ҳش𡣡
Ԫƽ֪ǰδȫȻţڱȻˡ

Σ
žٿѹñָ°ͣʥнӴ
Ԫûش
İԽΣա
شҡ
ش㡣ƽ
ƱĻشŪһ١κ󣬡Ϊʲô
Ҳ֪ԼΪҪЩһѾ⡣
ԪҲʣ΢΢˰Σңϲв
ž˺Ƭ̣°͵ָḧ⻬ϸա
ãҲв㡭


120 ŭ
Ԫƫܿ, ˡ
ֵ֪, Ѵ֪, α׷һЩ飿

ž͵İˣӶȤ, ѽġҲáŭҲãȤڡ
Ψ
ﻹһ׽ˡ
޷ݵ
⣬˵ش⡣ָϵķ˿, ôĶ
Ԫľٶ֪ʲô
㣬ʶʡż־ӸµĿ԰С۽һ顣
ԪżȻʶҲ֪شܷ, ֲһ䣬ҡ
รǺʱ
ǰ
塣
Ԫԥһ¡ѹİ˫, Ҳ, ֻҲʵش֮ĻشӦ
㷴ʣʾʱ䣿Ǿǵˡ
žС˼, 㲻ظһ, ڶǡʱ
Ԫ򴽣û˵̫شҲ˵̫ϸ֮£ģ, ʦܳһʱҲ¶¡Ǻʦἰ, ʱ, 45, û˻̤Ұ֮أһϢ
žЩɡʶ򴽵Ķȴּʱֹסˡɫ΢䣬֣ȻĽ͵ߡ
ûоζ
Щ΢ȵĵš齱ڣܲľٶҲЩˣԼùȡҲڲʲô
΢µİˮ
ĵ΢΢Щ⣬İȴֺЦĿʱԾƱʢˮǺ¡
žˮգ㿪ˣҲ⣬תƻ⡣
Ԫ˵
ҪʲôʱʮǰЩ⣬ﻹŸˮҾƣҲ⣬ֻԱŲԶ㡣
ž䵽ĽϡСɣŶᱡȹڼ䡣
ĳЩͷʱ򡣶Ѿ׽סĽš

Ԫ˶һ£ԥһȥ
ž΢΢һ׽ԼһԪʱʧȥģһйǱϣתѱקǰ
ǰһƬɫӰ¡
Ԫ˿ɢɢϡűקĺۼ̬ЩǱĿ俴ȴû
"ſҡ"
ž㸩ѹϷָÿϵķ˿áȴûж
ҲûнһʲôֻǳĴͣҲʮ塢꣬߻СЩ
ŵʮǰ塢ꡣ
ʱʶô
ĵһ˿˵ϡοϣû˿ֻĵʣ䣿
ԪûаҪڵ˼治شٱʣҲκε𰸡
žϵܾشȴֵĬ˷ʱ䣬㲻ҷţЦЩջ󡢸һЩ˵Σա
вҡᣬû档˾ֻڵһѰ顣
ž΢΢ĬĬ
ǻһΣ
ԪȾ˪û˵
ʲô֣
ʡૡ̾Ϣܹƻġ
ſҡ
һ⡣
Ԫŭ⽥ԡȴ̧סˣֻƶǰֻ¶Ų԰׵С
Զˡ
Ԫ޿⿪֡ȴ˿׽סͬѹš
䱻ѹס
ҲͲôܶˡ
ôĶȾ顣
Ҷ
ЩƲסʲôˡ
Ԫ꣬һذסʹذָâת˱ѹסͬʱѷذѳϮȥ
䱻סڣʽڣ֮ٶȡ
һĴ
ѶȱڡֻǶȱڣûжϿΪѾٴ׽ס
һ
ûס
һҪʵˡ
ɫЩڡҲЩٶ˫İ˲ҹ̻ը
㡭
ԪִٵıܿҲд˼Щŭδȫڣ첻䵽յıжȻֹ
˶һ¡
š
δܳڵȫס
ɱ

ҡΡ
йâ
ӳ޻һšжݵãɻ󡭡
ֺܿ츴աѹס䣬ذףȴδȫ
ֱסˡ
ɫЩڡҲЩΣС
ž㣡
ִٵıܿ
ͣϷߵľ룬ţ˵ıĳδ
㡭ſң
֪Ƿ
ÿС˿ϸ˼ֻѿ档
á
һΡ
ܿɿķԭĽ￿ţһ˿ƾûȱʲô˱ˮ
Ԫ˿ˮֿЦõ֪Ϊйŭ
ϡ
žЦĿҪ
Ԫ˵˼дֵĸо޷׽
ϸ롣
ֱϡ
㣬ʲô֣
ֲһƺѡʲôʲô
ܾÿСڵűˮ˳嵭ָо
ž㿴ӣЦԽЩٻش𡣡Ҳᡣ
Ԫѹŭ⣬Լƽ͵ķʣο϶˵
ֻһλᡣƭңȻ
δĻںڰеĹܡ
ԪȴƫҪ⣬ȻΣȾơ
ĿӴ
Ʒâӡ
žһ˲Σ磬ҡΣٿʱһȴû㡣
ƽ˾
ͳȻΡ಻㣬һ顣
л˵
˼ˡ


121 Ŀ
Ļ
ָ
˿Ԫȥ˼ۿʳ, , ԥ
Ը³һ֡

˵, ûаɫǼ١Ҫηֱ档

ž㽫ֵһ顣ȴҲ֪û, Цȴδ۵ףΪβӦ
ԪšǻӦ
áǻһΰ̾Ϣ
ˣȥϢɡ
ԪһԲ齳ߡź̺, Ҳů͡ûоҲĸо
ž㿴Ȳ뿪ӡ΢΢Щ޷˱ƣǳڣҲζ

Ԫ֮
ǡҹһ, Ųûͣڱĵϡ
ȻɾƽȴҲˡ
ܿŮЬ׷΢΢סģС, , Ȱѡ
Ԫ·ߴϡڻЬ, ѾƽȻŮĳԺڳ˵㶫ϴ֮, ʱѽ졣
һֱû˯š
Լƺʲôܲԭȥ룬ȴȻһʱǶʱ顣
ָоǵһΡ
ʱҲЩʧģֻ, ϸ뵱ʱÿһڡʱ
ּѺ۰С񱻸ĶļѸƽ, ܱĶĻ
, Ƿ

⡣
ĳλƫƧլӡл, 滨ƣһ峺ڼɽ԰СΧĸ¥̨ͤȽʳУУİʵظС
ܽɣŲʴ˽塣Ĺɣڤڤ֮е
¥
н̸
֪ʲô
ʥʹһۣݿʡǰһͨųꡪ
ݺļ褡
ʥʹͨţĳʹĳضʱԣԻã綾ΣԽӽ
΢Цѯʡ롮Ľ̸УȻһӦھžóƶ֮ȴȫ޻ɡ
ʥ̣
Ϊ˶
⡭
ʥʹԣɵ΢²豭ɫʣɷ˵پһЩ
Բ֮ҹ
һ䡣
ƶȻһ䡣
Ⱦϼ׵Ľ׽ŸַǽΪĸ֡
۸µ󡭡
ʥʹ˵ţߵߣƮ߲ʷʹӰ䣬ӳгһƬס
ʹ뵽һЩ¡һңҵԴͷһˡЯаһȾϣѴΧɱϧδɡ
ʥʹģЯа֮ˣ
ȻҲ˷аںʱ
ھǡ
һھǡ
ʥʹɫ΢΢Щ˹Ȼھǡ
Ҳʥʹ²֮ˡ
Ϊ˿϶
ʥʹԣ뿪磬ʮꡣңһͣˣҲ١ߣֽ񲻹ʮꡣ
˵ֶ˶٣뵽һЩʲôǷҩ
ҩ
ʹǷдЧõĻشǡǡھѶϢʥʹû¶ˡ
šʥʹʴ˭һЩ²Ķ󣬵δĿʾˡ
ο
ˡ
αװԼǼ׵¡
⣬ʥžӴΪβɡǻش𣺡ʦž㡣
ʦž㡣
ʥʹɫ΢䣬
ૣܣᡭ
褣ʥʹΪ죿
ʥʹſڡûлشл顣
ʱ
Ӱ֣һ϶ʧͰ
Ҫ˵ˡ

֪ʱֵʥ֮ʼĩҪһ飬ؾᣬ۵ĳЩ漰ʥؼϢ

һǰδеĶҡʧ٣Яаˡ
Ǹˡ
û֡
ֻһηĳƺ
ħߡ
ҽ
ǷѰʧٵʥӡԭǸʥŮԪ޹;磬ֵ𡣸£ǶʥʹŻ˻ǹʦž㡭
ʥֺ֮뼧̸ãƸ£ȴ֪ݵġ
˫нˡ
Ϊ˶Ŀˡ
Ĺɣڤڤ֮еڼ뿪Ȼڸ¥Ķˣʼһֵۡ
ʥʹ𣿡
ʥ֮ҪȷϡԲҹ׼ǡ
ʥʹʥŮ棬ħΪʥӣΣ
šǾҵһʥŮЯ;ؾԽʵһδħ°ߡ
ʥһĵĹ涨
ʥӡʥŮس˫
ͬʱɳʸһȡԷ
϶Ϊһ


122 Ĳ
̫Ĵ
ѵþۼ˻ʺ󡢾ԼԼ鲻Ļʵۡ
ʺɫ̩Ȼ, , ĺȲ, ״̬ȴôã㲵, ʹıʹȻ֮ɫΪԼĶ˵飬״Ƶߵϡ
ƵЩƽһѵӵϡ
֪ʵֶ֮, ֮
׷֡
˵ôôТ˳С˰ʹǾԲġ
ʵҲöݡ
ӵ, Ҳ᲻úݲǸģҪôҹ¡ʵѶڿڰ
ĨĶܡ˵ӡҹҹ, Բá˯, ˶ˡҲĲ̡Ͼǻ, ǰ֮ܵأ
, ⻹ֹλԱ߿ߣ˶˽̰
ҲĨ᣺£Ҳ, ǳȥֹ̽, Ҫ˸ˡ
ʵ, ־ŭʣ˭Ҷֻ̣˸Ѻ²û̡
, ̸ҧгݵĳӶԷڵȻδ˵ȴָǶԷ˸ﶯֽţҪûŪԼĶӡ
ʵۼֻ໳ɡҿߣһͷۣȰ˭岻죬ƫƫԱߵ̫ʺֻŰҲһ仰
ʵö˰ǻһ䶼޷Ҳ֪̫ôӣڻʺ󡭡͸Ф˵ˡ
ʵ۲ϲִƻضӵϣ˵̲סּһ䣺һ̫ɺˣ
Ҳͬһ仰ûз
̫㿪˿ڣ仰Щ
֮ǰ˵Ļ̫ţ
ĵ׺޺޵û¶ֺ̫󵹵ǲ̫ҵġ
ȷʵúúùܽһˡ̫˵˾䡣
뷴
ҲЩ
֪Īĸε
ûӡ
˵£´βͺˣαعص˸ǸɭĹط

۵Ľ
ǻʵϿӷʹþʹ֮ҳ֮һ˵
ĵһ
ȻԷҲˡ
ֻҪԼû¾ͺãԺ飬͵Ժ˵
㴦ʡĵĶӵ
ʵۻصĵ
Ϊһ׮ЩȻв̫ӵģһǰҲͰˣȷʵһ̫ӡֻһֱھһѡȴûˡ

λӣȻҲһֱȥ
뵽¡
鷽̹˲١
Ψһڴľʥĵ뵽ٵʥ壬뵽ڼӼ޵ʥŮѡ˳һõأɽˮˮҲáԾΪɼʥӡ
ʵ롣
˸Ͻ˷ּ͵ʦùʦȥӲʥŮĽչΡ

ƫƧҩá
ʥ̵ļڰˡҩ˺ܳһʱ䣬ȴٳûܵȵԪ
Ҳʲôر顣
ֻ뿴֢״ˡֻʵ˵˵һֱûеȵ˻󣬱ŸС˿
Ŀꡣ
Щֱ𱻴Ӷ޳ׯˡ
֤ʵӵк󣬾ûˡ
ЩеС㡣㲻ԸָϡֻϢؼҾͺãȴһͬ˸ʻ
Ů¶ȲǴķʢ¡ٱȾ׵ŮӣĴ־
Ӷ޳Ķص˿ڶѾá޼ҿɹѪ־ಫѰ˸Ϣ
ֻ֮ܽõһƫԺŸСΪұˡ
СֽĻæһʱҲЩæš
躿һ΢˼ʱ䲻һкθ룿͸ȴҲʧŮ
էȻһȻ
ͷȥ
ֻһѰ˴ĻʺվڲԶſڿͬͨ˵빬ŮΧվ
ĸôˣ
ӭǰȥѹ
ʺûлشǽղŵ⣬һ飬һкθ룿
ԣɵ΢΢ĬʺΪʲôʣҲ֪λش𡭡аٸнĸӣ˵
ʲôʺʡ
ԱߵĸС쿴̫Եӣ֪ʲôҩܿ˹ʺʻֿ躲֪ΪΡӣСմǡ
ȻѾĲԾԾˡ
躶ԸС˵С죬ȥæġºֻͣøС߿ѡ
õģմȥæȥˡСȻԣǺܿ뿪ˡ
ʺҲ⣬ֻŻڣǣʲôȣȻʻԲǺܺá
һʱû˵Ϊ֪شʲôõϿɡ
ʺʣһ˫𣿡
ӻʲôҲشĵ׾𣬵ǽĵŭѹȥǲһ֮Ⱥˣֹǣһܾ֮ȵ˶٣ȵһʱȵһʵͬ飬ʲô״ٱ¶ʱƺ󣿡
ʡ
ڿ֮ڡ
Ҳ쵽һ󣬲ųɵĻش𣺡ûôֻ࣬뾡Լܡ
֪㸸ʰУӡӲճصָΣ
ɫ΢䡣Ҳ޷ش⡣ܡһøʳ谮֪ģҲ֪ʲϳͣû뵽ô׽ҹ״
ݱΪΪˣգǸλã飬ظƶ޼ɵǸʱܾȵ˶٣úɣ躣ĸһ㲻£лȡͲ׷
ʺ˵һЩźһЩúø̸̸
ĸǵãǰ빬ʱһŮӣ֪ŮӵʵΪΣ
Ӳ֪ʺΪͻȻ𣬵ǻش𣬡ֻǶһ˶ѡ
֮⣬ǲҪĹϵ
ʺһۣؽţĸʣ㸸ǰͻ飬͸ʦ鸮СأھҲˣ㳣ڹ⾹ЩϢҲע𣿡
飬һ뼤ӣλضСЩ⣻̫˻ʵۻӦ»µԭ򡭡
̫Ҳˡ
λۼʱȴҲ˼ɡλۼйϵӽԼĶӣͲòٶˡ


123 ȥط
ٽ硣
žŴ, ֽ˻ʵ۵Ŀͺ, ˼, 뵽ʲôֱԪסԺȥ
Ժ
µŮǼž, ׷׹λСʱ
û
Ϊ׵Ů΢΢ЩŴ
͡
һˣλС㵽ȴҲûСֲðȻŴţֻһֱſڵš
ž˻ûʱͲײһ, ܿԴЦ⣬ȴ˺µѹϢɢ
дǣ
ûûС
һ
ڽ˨ţӦ
ﾲ˴ڵϢ
͸ӳİ߲Ӱ, Ͷױ̨ϡߵĻᣴţڵʵʵҲġ
߽Ĺ, Ѿһ, ĮĻ, ߵ, һƿӡ
谵϶ʱ͸ߡ
ϡԪҪڿѱƿ쵲ǰɫЩͰ͵ģһͷ˿Ҳīɢ, ż˯ɡ
Ȼòִ١
ƽվڴ齱ߵľž, ԰׵ԽԽ䡭ҲЩԽԽѿ
̶Ҳ½, ѾͶһĻֱ˼㡣
Ϊ, ΪŨͱѣ֪ʦ˾ٺ⣿
һһʳ仰ÿһŨŨŭ⡣
ֺᡢꡣ˵Ʈ쵭Ȼ
ž㿴һ£˵ȥطεѹɢȡ֮ģ㼫ȻĵЦ⡣
˵ʲ뿪
һϮͷҲص̧֣׵Ľסһͷ
ˮţͷɳֺˡ
΢ͣһ£ûлͷҵ̫á

Щ΢ҡΡһ·˸ϳŷȥ
ԪڽĿҲû˵
ž档ºţҪȥ
Ԫ·ûðβӦһ䣺Ի֪룬е̴Ǵ˲ٶȻҪ
ѡʱ븮ţΪҹԲ֪褻᲻ᰵж֡
Ӿɴ£䲻ҲûʵΪ˽黳ߣʵ۷ϻͯĳЩ뷨ȻŸı䡭
ֻҪλֻλӵľƱƣͻ̶֡ˮ档
ӿٶȴ߻һС
žĲɵӣҲΪ裬͵ʥ壬ϧľ
ϳʮﴦ
ɽˮ羰ˣɽŻǺΧһʵۻʥס
޽ʥŮ
ʥŮΪԲһȽ
Ҫ˵
Ҳ
ĵҲ˼
ֻۡΪ˹ʦλãһЩȨ¶ѡ
ʥ뾩ӦΪ˹
Ҳ֮кֽסʦѲִ£֮ΪҪɡ
ʥĹʦ
ʹ
ʱʦֻ˵ʱδʦʦุ׽ˣԣһӦӣԭҲȥ˼

ʥ̡
ӻȥ۲졢߲쿴Щκԭüˡ
ԺĬĺȾơ
ǺٺȾƵˡ
һ
¡
ȴһһͣû̫ӴԷݶûŪȴ̣֮
֮⡣
ʺ˵ЩҲ̲סȥ롢뵽ˣȴֿƲͣԼ˼롣
֪ǶԵġȴҲΪ֪ǶԵģҲдļ֣Ż޽⡣
ܵȫ
ʡ
ȴô𰸡
֪ʱŲѽ
ʱҪͷ
ʹԺſţˣ֪дŵմ򣿡
һ۵Ŀӡ˵䣬Ѿߵ躶档
ԭʥʹ
躵˱ƹȥʥЩӣ䱧ɵ̬ȣʥʹദ֮䣬ҲϿˡ
ԣǼа֮
ʥʹűƵǰľƣûкȣԴеЦʣմǣʲô£˵һʹܰʲôæ
û̿ڡ
¡
֪˵ڡ
ʵںҪһˡ
ʥʹһݼҵ̳УֱҪȥȡǣ֪ܷ࣬ãҲ֪֮άֺݼҵʥʹѡ񣿡
ȻԸΪҪΪԼ
ȥȡҵֵ֪֮֡ǲúôܻǣʢ㡣
ʥʹĻشմֵܣȷʵһܳ£Ϊݼҵȥȡ
ӹһھơʥʹĻֵУ˵ܳߣӦģȴǸλá
ɽˮ
ߣһ븸ʲ׽ֻǸеļ̳ˡ
Ǵ˷˴
Ҳ׽ҹ
Ժһ˼̳лλܹƣָñŰƳɺֵز


124 ֪
ھӰ¡
˼ҵ˺ܶࡣ
Ժ·, ҪʾҪͻڹʦ
鸮ĶС㡣ձʦ, ڴСϢ
ֹˡ
ǲǾͻ᲻һˣ
ԸϹʦ, кȥֹ
ԽԽҡ
ҲоƵá
һʱֻþ䣬ÿɬɬԡ͸ѹ֡
ʥʹܲ, ȾƣƹѲ⣬˾Ʊ֮ѽѰ漰Ĳ档
ɷҩ, 뵱ҩǷйϵ
մΪλὫ룿
֮ҩʥ塭֮Ϊʥ̡, Ѳ뵽һ𡣡
ʥʹԱ㲻ɵЦˣҲǡմ򣬱ʥȷʵԨԴָͬ
Ըꡣ
ּһβȼˡ, ʥŮʥ, ȴڸ߸áŻɹʦ֮, ҩڱ¡
ҩ, Ƿ뱾֮ҩͬ;ˮΪҩ;ˮǺЧңȺ󷭱ҩҽ, Ҳؼء
˵Щ⡣ֳŶͷ, ໺⡣
ա
ʥʹ֪ҩΪΡ֮, ֪;ˮȴһͷˮ޴졣Ҳõ˴ҩ, о޽
Ƕԣ
ϲϡ𣿡ʡʣҲЩԼ
ֵġ
Ƿȷ
ӳЩˡг桭
ʥʹ˵
ԣò˵סʥʹҩǷҲб׶ˣƽʱȻǲôֱ׵ʳ
ʥʹЦŷʣҩֶʲôҩûб׶ˣ
ⲢǼҪĴ𰸡Ҳûȥֻ˵ʥʹ˵Ҳǡȥ
ʥʹҲͲٶ˵ʲô

ҹ
ϡ
ʥŮʱɨԺľţɽ̨ͤһˮӳҹյǳ¡
ͤˣҡҷϷ¯̣ɢ㰵
Ϸһ塣룬ֳõľơ
ղžöŵЦ⡣
ԪһӣҪ϶鶼ѻָա
ֻЦһĿ΢΢ӵλ˼⡣
ʦǷжδ黹ң
ţ
룬ʳ¼Źƻ˵β
Ԫû˵ֻ֪ʡ
صӦѿҪҲܽ㼸ա
ø֡Щĵ׾Ҳûٲ
žЦұˡ
ʦ鵽ʲôˣ
ԪѾµݡҲûзҪɵɡ
֪
žЦʡȻĻشڣͲ˵
档
ԪԾɺƽȻ
صݣٲ룬Ҫ׷ݵ֮
ž£Ľʳ¼ᵽīڵʱȷˡ
ʱ
ԼһΪס
ҲǺġʵۣ£һ·ҡս޲ʤ޲ˣԭˡʵս⣬Ϊʱһγ֮ŵıʿ
ī
ʵʶγΪʦ޷ֻ֪ʵ۽鼫ãֵܣƽƽһͬ
ֵһǡ
ʱλƻΪʵۣӵߵȴվʦ
ȻʵǾ֮ס
˳µ˿λٵʵۣһ꣬ǰ֮֡
䳤ӡ
ҲֽۣæλȻʱֲȣ޷մ֣ǰڻ񣬾;貿ҲвԪϱڿǸλá
ԪҲ⡣۵顢̫ƽʢʵпɣڶĳλãȴǼѡ˿Ҳ⡣
˼䣬һӡָ⻬İӣӰ
оʦڣӦӡ
žкɫӣã޳ָָڷƯˡ
Ԫǻһ䣺ȫǡ
ʦĴڡ
Ȼδʷʡ
Ȼ뼧֮ĳֹߣʵλһ꣬ǰ֮֡
⡣
ֻΪԭ򡭡
žּԡʵ۵λ󣬾ʦѵ˵ߡֱ۵λ̨ϵģǵʱ23ĵۼȻᣬ·ȴʵۡҲΨʦн
Ψеۼʦн
Ԫɫĥ仰ɴ˿ʱĵۼʦĹϵпô
΢˼
ʱʦ󣿡
δȷءҲó¡
ҲͶʮꡣҲʮѣԤĸΪᡭ
֪뵽ʲô
΢΢Щ
ʶʲôӦʱżֱϢָѾ쵽ͷ˿䡣
žȡƮ˿ϵĻꡣҹɫˮҲʲô


125 ˼
Ԫ, ɫ޶ԡΪƽ
ġ
Ǵм
ʦƺһֱǰģҲ˵, ֻǺܻԲٶȡ
ʮ
նû̫Եı仯Ҳ, ܵȵȡ֪ʦͶ١Ҳʮҡ
Ҳ֪Ϊλ뵽Щ
Щ
ܸ
žˣҲûõش, ȻȻջ֡
ȡͷϵĻꡢջҲƬ̼䡣
֪λʦգ
޻ʡ
Щײͣ١
оָ޻գż٬ðεζѵˮһţµıɢ
뷢Щ
ડ
ࡣ
žʲôҲûЦ·
ò޼, ֻ֪һʱ֮ʿкβ룬˵һͬۡ
ʳ¼, оʾ֮飬Ϊʦ, , ȥ顭
޻ܶ
Խǽɵ, Խԡž, ɢЦⷴʣȻΪζⱾȤ
Ԫûش
һӺԹֻ˻, ʥ뾩Ŀʲô
Ѱһ
žʲô, ʲô, ֻѰһˡ
ɷϸ
ŵȻѯ¡
ҹˮ档
˿˿ˮͤ
ԪЩ䡣£ѡѽʱ, ҹ纮ˮһ˿ʪ⡣
ȴž㵯ָӷŻתۼߵ֪ҪʲôôվҪ˵ȫȻ޸ǲܵġ
κˣʱһ޷ݵѹȡ
΢︲
һ۱ϡ¶ȡԼеǹζ
ʲô
޻Ȼûȴһ˿ܡŰӵ֣ҲЩ΢΢ս
ž΢ֻϣԵڶߣšʲô
شʱ΢˼סáȷϲỬ䣬Żصλ
˹ղŵĻ⡣
ΪζЩ飬һ֪֪ģ١
һЩ
Ԫ˼ƻϵۣû˵
˵֮£޼䡣Ȼˣο϶ʮǰǸãֻߣ㡭
˵ʲô
Ϳ˶٣ôʱӦҲǸӣ̲ʲô书͡ʦкδֻߣʱѷǺͯ
ž⡣
ЩƵζ
޻ɫ
ҲƲˣҲƲƫ࣬𰸲õ
žЦһҲ֪ʳʲô
֮
㶼˵ʲô
רעϣһһ䶨һһã˼š·
@@
žҹɫ¡
¥ƮȻҵ˿ڷУİֿظС
һҹ£մľҶ¶ˮʪ˰ҹʱ佫ҪʱѰ˴
Сἰ
һֱ⣬ȴʱ䡣ֱڣҵطڳС
֡

߸ߵΧǽʵʵΧסǽߣ濴һȽϿլӡ
ҲһЩƽյסᡢΧǽţߵͲƽҳ
żмȮ
ϸЩ
ܷЩǰһЩʳı֯
ڰӹ
ҶƮ䡣
ϢǱС̽;Ȼûã;ˡ
⾰ҡҷ
дźХķ
Ӱڰдܳ
Χס
@@ҹ
ûлشģֻ䵶
ৡ
ε
â˲
ۼһԲͶ֣ͽҲٶԣ׷С
Ƭ̡
ǲжԷ˶ࡣסѺʥʹƽﴦġ󡿸ڡ
ʥʹ
Ѵͽ֪žűѺǰ꣬ͷߣźɫɴǰԼʵʵ
ǺˣΪδڣ
ǰº͵䡣
ûõӦ󡣾Ҫȡϵһ۾;
ң
ʥʹѾ쵽ǰ֡ڳջأ֣ͽȥ
ǿѣǱ·̹Լ˵Ϊδ뱾ˡʹ㲻ȡߡ
ţȴû˵ĿֻްֻסѨ˼֮
ʥʹɲƳȴͻȻ̧־ȡߣ
ٶȿ쵽궼ЩûӦ
¡
ʱ¶һʮƯݡͬŮӰŮ࣬ɫʮֵĲ԰ס
ǳ겻ĲɫƯϣһֿ֣¡
ū
綾һѪ
㡭
ʥʹݿϢ齥þʥһݶ֮Ů࣬ˡ
ʥӣ
ŵضǰ꣬ߣҲ˽׵ʯϡ
졣
߱ҵһ̡ѱúַճѨѪɱ֣ŭϮʥʹ
õʽ
𣬱ʥʹʰϵߴϡ
ʥʹڻӦ֮䣬ѴӾл͹֣ͣ㲻ϵñʹ𣿡
һΡ
ûٻʥӡ
ʥֻһʧ֮ǰѱȡ
߱ȡԵüΪŭʥʹ˵ʲô򲻹Էֱߡ
һΡ
ת·ӡ
棡
ʥʹȷûϴˡȴҲԽɻ
һ档
Ҫ·ͣסˡ


126 
м俪ʼǶ޳һԱ
, ֲ, ûþһЩͬ˱ͳ޳, ȥ
ڼ֡
Ѳᡣ
ҲԭͲ顣
ȴһֱǵãиҪʧɢԺ

һֱѰҡ
Ҳ޷ѰҡĿ, 룬Ҳδֺ
ҵԸˡûʲôĿֻ꣬ڵ
Թ
ʹСܵһûʶǵĵط, ¿ʼ
СʱҪؼҡ
ҡǵõԱ࣬¶һЩۣİϤ
ԡ
Żһ̽ʥ̡
ҲŻڶԷгֺ, ͣ½Ų
¥
Ѿ̸ȷе˵ʥʹĽ̸ֻһԲš
ʥŮ°ߣʥðȻ׷, Ҳ֮ȥ, ֪Ƿʲô, ֻ֪;ͻȻ, ͨǸϵʱͬʥȫʧ
;ͬ°ߵʥŮһͬʧ޷׷ٵ, ҶʣһʥŮ, ڲ;, , һʱͨڳɽ
̾ڳɽΧѰϢ
ʥʹԾ浹ûаص˵š
ҲǾʹȻ
Ѽ˵ĻʥʹѾݡ˵ʥĹδȫζԷҲҲ¶µλá
ˡ
ʥʹҲЩû취̾һʲôµ˵ɣʹȥϢ˵꣬뿪ˡ
ҵݣ˵Ҫ뿪Ͳ


˵ɳưͱԽԻްҲ˵Ϻ
㻹ûȫһС㲻뿪ø֪ʹʥӵ䡭
ԡ
㡭
ʥʹֶ˶١
Ǿãʱ˵ʲôҲֻת˻⣺ҩɤ⡣Ͼʱһԡ
Ҳ֪Ƿȥ
ûлӦҹ֮£ȷʵҪʱ

ա
ٽʱ
мϣһ̣ͻȻһȻ齣
ƱĳεƬľм޲ĵ俪̫ˣεƷˤ
齵ķС
ֻܿʣӰӰ
һ߷ʽʽңǧˣһ쫷Сδ첻գۣȴҲĿ꣬ҲѱƷ
һ߰ʤѩϵɰ㣬ʱʱ˵ǰݷ״̬꣬ȴҲǣҲþЩֵĲ
֪ȥ
ˡ
һܿķ꣬˿Ʈţɽ⣬׹תʱȴúХƮԶȥ
磡
һˡ
Ȼ
ʶһнɢȥƮȻӵ齵ϻһͷ˿׷ɢмӣճһĨ¶Ļȡ
褡
ֵꡣ
Ǿ˭˿ȫ֪ʱվڽֽǵġ
һǳ˵ˮ֮ŲƣûôȴܿҲû˵ϵľ
磬硭ҡ
ͣͣޱίָż褡һγ׼ȥ
һΡ
ûܿ
һ뱻סԭأƲܶԭ߼褵ʱɲί
磬Ҳܶˣҡ
̾С͵ܣˡϢѱ߹ŵģ
񣺡ң磬ңԽȥת˺ֿʼŴ硣
褿Żǰġ̹ȻȴҲЩεĽͣŶ֣ʵȲѡ򵥽ԼǰѰȴҲ˵ľ񣬲Żͻ˵һ顣
Сл¼ʱֹ
еԽߡҲûʲô¶˿ƽʱһЩ
΢΢һЦ˷̸֮С͵⣬絽ҸСƬ̣һ֮ˡ
ʦδܾ

һ档
ڳ˲Ϣʥ̺󣬱㾶ֱһ·سǣʥʹ˵ЩȫΣҲһʱ֮£СѰ޸Сտӡ
Ȼʲô
ʲô
齵һصǽʱɫˡ
׷֮¡
֪С˶ֱˡġСܵˣѰ˼ȥҴҩöȥѰС졣


127 Ⱥ
Ļӵĸۡ
λڳϷٽ, ڷ֮, ȴֲȾ
ܽľ徲ʯ, ˮϪһʫζ
Ժֻ˱ǣԴ, ʯܣŬǣ۴ɰ̨ͤ¥, عˮ鿣ӳɴ֮Уɽʯ̳辰, ܴ񣬵׺䡣
һ·Ŷˡ
Ѿʳ
ȶԷ˻Ӱϡ, ֲʲô, ʻʦҪҪ
С͵, ȫȻ޺ĻЩп뵽ɱֵģ
, ߲
仰⡣
ʦûн˵
褲ɫţֵ˼ӦзҽΡȽϹĴӡָֻͻʥˡ
ڴ֮ǰ
ʦ𣺡ûҵеİ취ǰͲ˵а취
С͵˵Ҳǡ
褽Ůϲ
һӦȫ
˻̸š
շеˮɡ
ľƳɵľҨϲҶŽ, úտˮܹ, ЯŲ
߽, 
ˮ, 󵹽УҶ΢͸ʱ֮ζˡ
ʦˮĶƽЦЦ
в֮Уඥ㲻ãȴΪɽˮݣͨܳζඥȴߴΣܾζ
С͵ԭҲڴ˵
ͨ֡
ԲɵЦһ
콫赹Сָ䣬ɵһűָֽסť
ˮȻ¡
ָġһµɽˮڵĲһһ㻺Ⱦ
콫֮ǰ
ůԱڣ˱Ƕ
ʦ𣺡һĲҶڲͬ˵ݳζǴྶͥ
ÿ˵鲻ͬľͬζϰߡԲ⣬ݳĲ裬ȻҲͬ
š
ʦҲϿ˵
ݲ֮뾲ģȥ꣬רעһڴ˵ݳĲˮõġ
֪С͵ܾһˣ
ĵ¿ݴȣã˳ǫͣ棬Ͷ㾡ǻз緶
ֵС͵ཻ̹
ʦжݵĳٿʱЦºͣлֱԡ
ѱʦߡ
л֪
ƽº͵
ȴǶĿ⣬ܿĵһˣҪΣŻ᷸ͬĴ󣿡
Ļ
ڰָǰԪ˵žŻὫ°ߡ
žˣὫͬĴµڶ顣
⡣
ʦû̻ػĿ䵽ǰľɣֻԭǱ׵ѿҶ򽥽͸𸡳Ҷѿ΢š
Ҳܿͻˡ
С͵ܽ󡣡
ʦ軺Ʒһڣڸӡ˵ĿģΪ۴¡
Ϊ͸࣬Ϊ͸ȫ֡
š
仰΢΢֪Ƿ˿ǰ̸ֹ꣬УоһЩ΢@

ʥŮ
ٺӣɽ
ɽŵλá
һƬȪѱȦңԻ̫Ȫ
ٽҹ
ź˶ȫ˳ȥԪ˴ˣҲδȿԶԶָָڣȻʹæȥ
˼ĽС
ɡ
Ӱ΢
һʪ֮㣬ζһЩġ
˵ζ
뵽ϵİ㡣絽˸ҩĵʱ䣬
һֱδζɢ
ǿŷϡܰζҲŲֻߣʱҩ̫࣬к˴֮Чô
ҹ֮
ȥѰʡгҩҲⷽϢ
䡣
ȪԱߵɽʯ
ɫ£ããеĿӰ֣ƮȻ˵Ĺ졣
Ȼ
Է·û󡭡
ͷߡ

ǻ
ԪŲûͣҪ֮ǰβһԼ
˼ֱ
ֺξǰߣϣϰ
૵β
Ԫ΢ͣһ£ԭùʦȺá΢΢ɫľţ治ҵ͹޳ܵޡ
ֻЦһһ·Ϥ졣

ϸ΢ı仯ħĵǳ̾Ȼ
˰
ɿڼϡϵһĿȴΧˡ

޼ɵ
ĳռԵΣա¹Ĺ⡣
Ԫͷ
ֻˮѽһƬɫ϶ۿɼٶţΧƻá
΢¡
ת˹ȥſǰȥſб仯
ԭ𪿡ϣһȦȦİɫơĵ˵а
Ҳѿ
һ־ĶǵС


128 
Ȫ
ˮ¹⡣
վа
ԪĿעӵЩ˵ĲȻǵע, ˼, רעýЩ޼ɵӡ
˵ʲôķΧ

ϵİɫѾ쵽ӡ˳, 總֮ҲЩˡ
ڴ֮ǰ
һΪѿҪ, 
һΪ׹»ڰδȫʱģҲûֱӽӴ
ЦȾа
ûлش⣬ֻ̧֡ɿ崹, ޳ָһͽԪǰһ¡
͸ý
Ҳû̫ķ
ô첻ϡ
֣ϣҲںԵ, ԵѰˣ䵽ʱ˵ϸĸо
㡭
Ԫüֱֵס߳, ڴ˿, ֻ΢΢̧ͷʪķ˿ԷȾɫ
䡣
ϵİɫơ
ƴĳӦоһ, Ҫšϡ
Щ̡
ܿɿ֡
Ԫδ, ڸоʹ˲䣬һ֮ӿй
ҪķƸˡ
ǡƽʱҲ𣿡
Щ˼ʡ, һЩ컨ơǿ, ܿմȾҲľһͷӷ仯ƺ⡣
սʡ
ΪֻԲҹ¶
ÿԲ, ٽ㡭
شЩջ
Ԫš
û˵
ָ˳յĻƻ¡֮, 컨Ʊжݵɢ·ָһ㡣
žľٶã׸һ˿ѩڵЦ⡣
Ԫ
֮
³
Ȼءд̽Ȼȴּ˾쵽
Ԫ΢΢һ
ȻƽĿ֡
ʲô
Ԫ
⽫ڴݼ࣬еüءаȻ
Ԫû˵
𣿡ʣ૵ջ
ô֪ģ
ԪɫʡҲڷɿ˼ţȴֵ֪ˡ
ֻʦ
žȴûлش⣺һ֪ϣǱѰ֮
ǡ
Ԫһµ˵ģӦʥʥ̡ѰĶǡ
롣
ž˹֮ص
;
Ԫɫ΢΢һ˿仯֣Ǵʦ˵ٺǾ񡭡
֪;
Ҳ֪
Ѳɫ䱸
žЦЦС͵ܲؽţ˵Щֻ̹ϡΪ֮䣬и׽Ĺϵ
˵С͵ܡʱ
ƺ˼
Ԫֻķʣʲôϵ
Ĺϵ
Ԫһʱû˵ǵ֮£Ҳʱʲôϵ
ž㣺ɻġȻǵùΪҵĻ
ĵĻ⡣
Ԫ
ʦҵ֡
Ԫܺ
Ԫ΢΢ˡ
֪ԽǾڴ£ԽỻȻ㲻Ҳỻ
ٲ˷ʱ䡣
֪һС
žֲ˵ˡ΢΢սδ֣ϵķҷ
ỽ
Ԫ
һȵϢ
Ԫûж
ָ΢΢ץ䡣
ѴŲµ֪ݵˡ
ѽҩҡ
ȻѾˣҲ˳Ѵ½
ţ
Ľҩ
ɻ
ΪѾʱˡ
ȴûаζ
ڿöӣѱӹ֪΢ϴʱ˯һʱ䣬Ӧʱ
Ц

ԪҪ佱
ȷʵΪϵζŽһдµ;
һ¡
Ϊ˱Ԫһ¡΢ûټ˵
ҲǶŭ
ƬľѪУ˶ȾһаϢ
ԪһܺõİѱʦҪúáܣҲûʲô·˵һѰ顣
ҲĲҡ
Ԫ
û˵
Ȼڵġ
ž̧븧Ҫϵ˲䣬΢΢ͣס˶ƺָҲȾŰɫ

Ԫ΢ɡ
ܿʶָġ˭
ʦ˵ʲô
ʦҲ.

ҲὫϸȫг
ԪͲɹ
ķ˿ָȦ
̫
о޵ķƸС˰ɢΪҪˮˡ
ΪҪ
ž㿴Ƭ̡
֪Ļش
ôԥ˵һ˿Ҫ㺣ӳƬѪ֮£аħΣա
׻ǿסˡ
ɫ䱸غһҲûʲôľٶ
ʳ¼Ȿ͵飬ûʶʲô𣿡
ԪվûûҪʲô΢΢иһЩҲǱ͵
Ȼ˵
ȴûΪ
鱻ᡢӦֻһ⡣
Ǳ顣
ںԺǡñá˿İţ֪뺲ԺϢˡ
žҲǾ仰Ԫãǰŵһأ
Ԫûлش
еľʦī
ԭҲЩ˭ĳЩ󣬱㲻̫Ը˼ȥߣҪע顣
žֲ˵ˡǼƴżѭѭա
ļδĪ
߰Ԫбѡ
Ԫ΢΢һ¡
ɹʦĵī
ȴδһлʦİš
Ͼ˵ͨ
ΪҪ
Ԫ˵ţһͷһδȫɰɫĵôȥ
Ҳžֻߣʲô
ʦƲ⣬޸ݣδĪ
αع½ۡҲԪһ£Ŀľʲô
Ԫ΢΢û˵Щʲô
˵Щ˵δӡ˵ġ
пܡ
ԣԹ壬ԪػҵĶǺѶѣ벻ţȫжϡ
ž㲻˵꣬΢һѡҧʹޣϣȴû˿顣
ڰϥ̵һ㼫Ϊʵľ̺ӣô棬ݸС
ʼɡ


129 Ѫӯգ´ޣؿ
΢΢Щѹʹһ䡮ʼɡ¡
ž㻺۾ϵĻƹ, ༫а
Ԫվǰ, Ƭ̡ѹиӵ˼, ߵ

ȪΧ
Χǽ֮⡣
ӰŰ, ȡвٽŻѲߡ
ͬһʱ䡣
ھڣĽֵϣ½½ۼ˲Ÿˡ
Ϊƽա
Ϊٹ֮ҡ
ֻ߲ƽ·ֵˡ
ʱ˿̡
϶žɲ顣۷׷ףʱڰе˶, âѩףȴһƬĺâ
ȾƬɫҹա
Ѫ
Ѫ¡
Ѫӯ, Ԥʾ˹֮갡
һߺȻȺ۸ߺȡ
Ϻ
żǿɢɲǼ䴫
Ѫӯգ, ˹֮ꡭ
ȺС
ʼӦ
, ظ, ԽԽࡣҲһʼҡ˷, һĵĸߺ
һԡ
Ѫӯգ˹֮꣡
Ѫӯգ, ˹֮꣡
Ҳ֪˭ͷ
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վڡ
˺Ƶ
ʱֵѲǱ˾ȴްӰӡ
ĸĸҪȥﰡ
ֵϡ
ŻקסԼĸ׵֣ߣּЩ˵Ŀ־塣ֻЩ˶ˣ
ʲôѪӯա
ϵúõˣ
Ѫӯգ˹֮ꡭŮ֣Ҫȥ
ﲻţȥɶѽ!
һ½ͽ⵽˹˼۽ͽˣæȲƵŮ֣תûȺ
ҲǳĴ
󲡳ˡ
ĸ
ͽסҪ׷ȥĴ񣺡ʲô鷳
ǡǶôˣ
ԴµĽͽǴεġ
۽ͽ࣬˫ֺʮѪӯգ˹֮ꡭܵ٣Ҫǰʹ˲֮Ԥףϴ
ʲô
콵ֻڤڤ֮еô˻Ե֮ˣܿİĸҲǻԵ֮һ
ǡ
ؼҰɡ
ͽº͵Ľ뿪ˡ
һվԭء
Щ֪롢ཫɽŵĿš
ġ

ʹ
ڻԻͣҽ䱸ϵĽ֮СҽҴٵĵ
ԭ
ǻʵ۾Ӿ⡣һƬɫҹɫȾѪ
΢
δ˵ꡣ
ͱʵ۰ִϽǰΡ
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޵۾ôˣ
ҽ㿴ҡҿ㡣ӶԷнͬĴ𰸡
һ곤ҽػ
²صǡ
˵һѡ
۹ȡӰ쵽ӾֻۡҪҩϢһʲôľûˡ
ֻ
ʵÿƽʱö䶼ӡȥûа찲Ч겻ģֻǶûﵽڣ
ߵߡ
ȻСһۡ
ҹѪ
Ѫ
ֱ˵ëȻ
ôۻ
һȺӹҽ
ʵ
ҲܷڳӡΪƫƫֻһܿ
һ⡭
ܣ

ܿŷҩϻͯˣڸ涼ˣޱȽߵĿͣ壬ôأ
¡
ۼʵɫɫһͣ仯ţְ첻˵ӵҲĵֲ֪˵ʲô

ڴҴ
˵ǽӵ˿عŵĽ棬ڹ⣬֪ΪΣͻȻۼƽգҪһ
ߺʲôѪ¡
˵һ飡
ʵǾ仰˼ѪһЩŵվã治ˣ
ڴķӦŵһ顣
ڸߺʲôѪ¡
ʵ׷ʣʲôѪ£
ѪѪӯգˡˡǾʵڲ˵

ʵҲû׷ˡ
ϵؿҽ
ڰҲˡΪ¾ۼڹǰ˵Ѫ£ֻ޿Ҷˡ
ҽ
⡭
ʵȴ˵ĥšѪӯգ仰д󣬱Ϊ꣡
ˣҪڼݹţ
ܿйŮڴź򴩴
֮ϡ
ҹյ˶
¹ѩ𨡣
¹Ѫɡ

л˵
дޣ˿ǧ֡ؿ


130 ȫȻ
ҹµĻʹ
ԭɫܵ, ҲȾӰ, ŵλÿ, һֻǱڰҰޡ
ƽǡ
ôһںҹΡ룬塣µĽ¥, ߴĳǽͶһƬӰ
Ӱ¡
ȼյĻѡ
ǽԭտĹ㳡ѾվˡЩһͽɫɫ˲ͬ, ˿ȴΪͬĿġ
Ѫӯգ˹֮꣡
һ·ߺ, ѾٹԺ
ޱԼڤ֮еĻԵˡϾô˶ϵѪ£ȴиʲôҲء
Ǹʲô췴𣿡
ŵĽ䱸ڹ, , Դܡ
ǰЩˡ
ȻҲ֡
˵Ӽ˹֮ΣҪʵۡҲʵͷ, ֲóȻ, Ϊʱʱðһǽ˵ɷ¡
һ㡣
ӳҲԵЩˡ
˫ֺʮ
ϵģ
һûʲôҲûʲôɵҶ˺, оԵ޷ݵѹ֡
˵췴
ֻ¡
ϵѪ¡
ǵ֮ˡ
˵졭
ȱ³
ݵֹ
ͽְܿ, Ķ֣µȴšԼһ¡
Ͼ
ǿܿԤ׵֮ţ
ŵĽ˵, šüͷ, һʱ侹Ҳûбİ취ȷʵҲûйľٶҲ˵־Ͷ֡
ߣмԱˡȻûֵľٶȴҲڰ˵
Щˡ
ôˣ
ŵĽʵ벻ס
Щö˶˵Ҳ벻ס
е֪еĪһֱֵʵڳ֣
˹ɽꡱ֮
ѪӯգԤʾ˹֮꣬ΣѣԸ³˻һǬ
һͽδ˫ֺʮʮ
Ļº
Ŷʱ͡
˲ɽ쳹ҹա
ѪֵĻӳϵס
ʵҲǵƻһǻʵۣȻ˵ǰ
ߡ
С¡
Ļ
ڽȥ
ʵѶԡѪӯգ˹֮ꡯ仰ŲɡѹֽᱻС˽¶С
˵
˲
ڣ
۽ͽҹвԵǳ˵һ֮Σѧۺ󡣲ܽʵѾȵļĴ𰸣ڶϷ
Ϸ
Ƭ۽ͽ˵µǳ¡
Ӧų֮ˮɽʥŮ
Ȫ
ˮһƬ
ľҹҲȾһ˿ס
һȪĴ̨״󣬿Щڼɽͣ˽Ųûٿ
ΪϸЩܷƬһЩ̰ĵɫ
ƽʱ
ǲʱ򿿽ӵĵط㡣

ﴫѶ
ӣ£м
±㳯溰
΢΢ЩԼ֪ΪεĵǣÿԲ֮ʱӶκ˿κ鶼С
пߡ
һɸɱۡ
һĿǱԼڡ
Ҫôɱ
ӺûҪ췴ͷº˼ʱֻһĨӰ߳
Ԫ
һŵǳɫȹմųʪô߳鵭ȻĿ
ˡ
¶ԳҲ⡣෴µϾӴʱ¶档ôôҲܲµһЩġ
ٶȽﴫϢ˵һʣô죿ʲôѪٿվˣǾôĥԼӡ
Ԫң
Ȼǻеร»˾䡣
Ԫʣο϶ҸĻǰ취Ǹ鷳

ŷƵζ
ȴҲڿЦ
ûϵ˵ɵö˼룬㣬Ҿ㡣

Ԫ仰ɫûʲô仯
¾Ҫӵϡ
С㣬ҼӶԣرģҴδӶǸŮôĹҼӵΣҲ֪ģȫȻΣʱߡδܽ
뿴Ӷ㶾²齣ºҲûаôҪǻˣͷݶмɸˣ
˵пš
ɷȷʵǰλġ
Ȼ׽
Ҽô㣬㣬㡭ԼΣǼȻϽͣ㣬ʵ̫飬̫Ѫ顢̫ˣ


131 ȥ
˵ˣ
Ԫɫ͵ĿʡƵģ, ˾Сڴʱ˿, ȴֻЩ˵С
Ϊ
ȻոЩЧ
㡭, 취𣿡
ҲһŮӡбԱΪ, ǻܹ˵
⡭
´ʵϵؼһ䣬Ӿˣö֡
Ԫû˵
µ˰ҲЩû취, Ȼӿϵˡ
Ѹ㶨
Ҽˣ
ûָһԼӰɡ
Ԫ֪ľ
ɫһû, Ҿ֪Ҽܸܲ𸴡
Ȼӵв²⡣
Σȴ֪ȥ̽ʡ
Ԫʣǻжˣ
æ𣺡һʱҡ
Ԫ˼һת
ţô˵桭
ţû, ͼԪѾתȥӰ̰, ʧҹµС
ƹһƬ԰СȪߡ, 滨, ӰУ֣һҲ, һͷѩ, ϻа⸱ģǱ˿, Ҫʵˡ
һʥ̵ͽ
Ԫڵڵͬʱ, Ѿߵѹơڵǹɹ
ڵǹɻѹƣҲֻǰ߷߷ʱ䣻ߣ򼴷ַʱ䡣
١
ڶڼ޷ȫġ
žû̻ӦĻ뿪Ķ̶Ƭ̣˯״̬
˵ѪӯգԤʾ˹֮ꡭ
Ԫ˵
̶һ仰
ȴѶϢžֻһ˼㽫ǰ壬֪ѳʸ֮ġ
鷳ֻлʵۡС
Ԫ˼һʱˡ
ϵ״ûôʧ٣ڻʵ۴˸֮ǰԻָģ
žûлӦΪῪ˵ʱ򡣲ԪϣĽճ
Ӧûʲôϵ
ԪͬڣʱҲѲ˸ϵЩೣѽʡ
һǰرܡ
Ԫƽͣûʲô⣬Ҳû⣬Թ۴¡
ʣߣҪң
žûֱӻش⣬ԪҪ뿪ءƼƵĵϸ
Ѿ֪ˡ
Ԫ˶٣ԣֻߣֻҪһ뿪ߡͻĳֹƶȻ֣
ѯʡ
ȷʵǷڲⱻ˶
Ʋش⡣ǿˣ᣻Ԫȥɡ

ЩС

ͬʱ
ʥŮΧ
һƬɽʯӰ£ӰζвҶɳɳֹҹй
һƬλڸߴɽʯӰ´ñӰŽƬ¹µʥŮ
¹⡣
ɿǵĺɫ¡Ǵ׵ۣ¶üۣʥʹ֮ɡ
ɽˮ֮
ʥŮһƬʮʻҰΪվڸߴܸڴ˵ˡ
ûж
뿪
Ѿ޷뿪
šʱ֣
˼ѶٵĽ̸ϡһ䡮֡£λһӰӰʥŮȪȥ
С
ƬѰ˿ûʲôķλʺ⡣¹¾׶а
ড
ҹкХ
ǽǵĶʮӰǱںڰеѡĿӵȥ
졣
вŶݼ֮Ĳ֣Ҷ䳾̶Ƭ̾ǱС
ֵĽͽܿ֡
ǽֵͬʱ
ʥʹ֮ǱȪڡȪܸǽֻ⴦ڣտҲ˿أ˲ò衣
ͣº
û̽С
ʥʹ֣ȥСĵ㡣
¡
ܿͽӰһûڡζɫЩ쳣ϸЩƯĵɫ
ͽڽкδʲôףϣû
ûֻûȫڡ
㻯һ̴ٵĲҽУѳ鴤ءͬҲһȻֹĲҽУڵϵͽܿʧȥ
Ѫ
¹״ҡ
ʥʹ֮״ɫɵñ˱䡣ͽͬ˶⡣
˶ݡ
ʥʹɫصԼǿ֮Χϡ£Ҫǽжָжǿ
ѹָ˿ء
ʥ֮ȥ
ߡ
ʥʹ
ʥֹ̧֮ˡ
һΧڡ
һΣϮʥ֮з˹ֿ˴˶ĳ̶ȺӰȥ
ʥʹ״ҲܺҲѸٸȥû֮С


132 ;
ɫѪ
Ȫ
Ӱ΢, ƻ, аѤ֮

һƿ
з, һȪа
ӿ
ˮ˲
ɫӰںХķ, ͣЮŨɱٶȿҵļ
ƷɭȻ, ĿڰߵˡǵٶȡԼƿʱĦĴ۰׹ӳܡ
ӳϥˮ߱۲ľž㡣
ҲӳһŮڵǣỬ, ӰбţƮȻˣתԶļɽ
ڼɽ֮ϡ
Ŀ⽻ɲǡʥʹʥ̶Ȫﻹеڶ, ԷȻ˿, нʽͣٴ򰶱֮ˣ
ʱޡ
֡
һ, ͶһΣա
ԥһ, ͶԷһ̴Ϣ֮ǰ֮ˣû˿ֵĴ㣬һ֣ǿɱУ
Σ֮ʡ
ৡ
žȻ۾н, ˮ沨Իһ˲ǧ
ˮǧ
һƬܽɵһֽ޵ٶʥʹʥ֮, ڼ, ڼٵĹ, ϸ绡⣬ÿһɥ
ɱĶڡ
䡪
ƾǵضĴĿײһͬǿҵķ籩ٿײһ޷ݵĳ
ҵ
ֱɷУ޲Ϯܡ֦ʯҶ׷ס
ʥʹʥ֮ˣҲֱɱбˣٿһ٣һ·ǿֹסΣͣĵطѪӿʴʮֲܡ
һۡ
ǿɢನ¼ɽѣľҶʯнһƬˮ
žҲͬΪನĳԼδĲƾȪС
ˮס
ˮ潥ƽûһУΣʱܵķӦ
ԪԹһοͷ
ԣз屻ĳַסֱǰΪָֹ㣬ԺԲƵս
ûô׾ʹУЩ⡣
ʹ֪ǰˡ
Ѱ˵ȡ
ôС
񣬴˾Ҫɱ֮¡֮飬ô׽Լյôֻߣơ
˭
ʥʹѾʡԪ׳ֵ⣬Ĵھﲻ
Ͼֿܵħ޼οǸ۵Сӷ˿书ǿ
ܴڴ˵ء
ħӰ죬׽ߣȻȴֶǵĳԹۣеĹϵʵ˲벻͸
Ҫɱ
ԪǷʡߣѯһѰ顣
Ȼ̬ȣʵòʲôʥʹʣǺιϵ
ûϵ
š
ʥʹƳ΢΢˼ʥ֮һۣʱֻҪɡ
֮
ȳˡ
ΪҲô
ʥ֮ڶ࿴ԪһۺҲջ˼ĳЩ²⣬Ҳֻǲ²ûʱȥ˼
ɱӡ
޹ϵСﲻҪ֡ʥʹ˵ꡣоڶӣѨǿѹƺ
ѳˮ֮ˡɱС

ͬһʱ䡣
ʥŮ࣬ȪԴͷüĸϣïʢֵӰľžһɫӰ䡣ľʯޣ˲
һ˫ԻҰ׵ͫﲻκθ飬ľȻעȪ
λá
ȪһΧǶǡôܽС
ȻѰ˾վλãããҲʲôҲ
һƹ/μʯϣָΪɣһԲͲ״ɼкĴ˶롭
롣
ƴ
ĿҲ֪˭
һʥŮ˵ԲνҲһڰҹӰ޳Ӱҹ£棬ҹΪһ塣ȴ͸һ
һīе׹Ȫ仯ľƣ
ϵļ
â׼ˮ棬ʱܸıĿꡣ

Ȫڡ
ʥ֮ʥʹֱɱСֻʥ֮һȣԣնЮĺХ쫷УɻǿһȪ֮ˮ𣬻ˮƿն𣬴Ŵ۵İ׹⣬պХֵתЮѹɱƣɱˮף
һ˲䡣
Ȫ֮ˮȡ롣
¶һžˮ׵аӰ컨ţƻã羵Ӱ顣ƮѪɫС
ʥʹԱԽΪߺһһƬƽضĽ磡
ˮ׽
žзӦ
һԲࡣ绤֣𹥻Ƿ
۹ҫС
һѹֳƵڱĿռײನɢµĵ©ڲս
ನɢȥ
δˮѸһƬܵĺ컨ѪƬɫΪۣΪʵȾˮ档
ʥʹ֮Ҳ̶ܵͬȵĴԴڼйڶԷɣû˿Ĵ㡣
ֻҪٲһС
ܹɡ
ʱ;ϣѵ֮
޻һϮذȹӭ裬վڼɽϿţĵЩɡ
ûк֣
ۿʥʹ֮չɱСӹɣйɶۡ
ΪΡ
ĵһ˿ݵ̫ӡɱ
ΪҪܡ
ʡ
̴⡣Ϊڻ֮ʱϢ˲䣬Ⱦâ
ʥʹ֮нɱž㣻
ڰҰ֮ͫ˹/ңң׼Ŀꣻ
ʥŮ֮߹ŵĺѽй΢΢׼ˮ棻
ڼɽ֮ϣԪȾâ;֮ʱ
ǧ֮⡣
¹ӳµϡ
һʱʱƮɫҹյĹâӳճıڣӨڣžɴʥŮ
ü续ᣬϢʥѩɽŮֻԶ۶Ľྻ
ָϸ𪣬һղţݺһ
;
ǰ;δв
ıһ벻ٶȣ֮졣е޿ʱˡ


133 ɱ
ԪȾâ
˵ϢҲһ˲䷢˱仯ǰһ, ڴӼɽĹʧ١
һ̡
ѳˮס
ǵضˮѹ, Щ, ˮལһݲͣΧڸ
ˮ׹ߺܻ谵
۵һж̫ž, ڻ谵в԰ģһشƯˮеķ˿˲ڵߡ
ץס, һ񸲵ϵƣâδ, ˲Ҳڡ
Ҳʱ
ͻ
ѽ;Ŀռ䣬δȫȪˮǣϵʱ, ;ʲôϵ, ڤڤ֮֮Ӧ
һݵڤ֮СͺԼһֵĶ, ܵʹ, ڱţ
;ܿƣѸţˮ׺һƬ
˲Ʊϣ˻ˮ, ûȫ;, ʵõĽ紦
ˮ©;еͬʱиְâ, ¶, ɲǼǰ
һʥӰڷЮɱ Щ꣬ȴʵ壬貵Ľ⣡
һС
ֻڶ̶̵˲䡣
Լɽʧˮס;˲ʧܣõʱ䣬Ϣ䡣
ڰϣʥʹ֮ɱϮ
Ԫˮһ˲䣬ʥ֮ʶʲôѼɱУ֮ٶջأ
ӿˮϮ
ˮƽȾϷâ
Ԫ׵屻ڣΣˮϵɱУˮ׵ĺâ֮У|Ļۣ꣬ɽ۵ѩɱʥŮѹˣ
Ŀ꣬Ȼ
ʹ˼ΪѳɶֵƣҲ޼ƿʩ
һΣ޻޿κεУ;ʧȥƣֻʣΣ
Ȼһۡ
Ʊʲôҧһ¡
ڽƵΣ£ѷֱ治壬һʹǷҲȥ˼עһ۾һֻض;Ŀơ
Ҳʱ
³˯ľžȻ۾ͫװ죬ȾļµȴӳԼ󷽵ɱ
һѱס
ˮ׷˸ͬʱһɢγϣסǵĽС
ͬһʱ
ʥŮ֮ӰЮ컨;ɱɢƬƬȡҪԪϵɱȴžһ˲佫£Ӳƫ˰켣ˮˮ
ɲǼ䡪
ʥʹʥ֮ļжϣ֮ɲʱ쳹ƬأǸԻȫڱеĶ֮٣
ѱƻòȪܣֽ٣ݡɽʯɣСһƬʯӡҶһ̣Χľ̨
ʥŮʥʹʥ֮ǿƶϣҷҲûõͬʱ޴ˮתض𣬳ϫˮ˻С
Ҳˮ
Ԫʹžʵ£ҲӿˮҲ޷ټԭѾҪϢˣǺ
Ǻˮ
ҲС
ݱ̽룬漴пӿ룬һԺԵġӶСѿҪȡض;ĿƣڽҪͷ뾡û
ΧԷźâ
Ӱ;ˮ˱ܰɢͬʱɢ߶ȥû濴һʱݵĹ졣
žʶѻָѣûдԪ뿪ˮףˮֳ˻ȥâҲ漴ǰʧˮס
ʥŮͼԲζڡĺӻĹ棬顣
ܸо
ԼǺܺá
䲻ܿȪľ󡣵֪ĿѲˮˡ
Ȫͻһбʣʼδͻˡˮ׶ȫ˳ܽ͵ķΧ
ʥ˽⡭̫ˡ
š
Ҳ뵽һЩǰδѶϢ
ʵս;ɽżȻʥ塣ԴΧɽƾʧ
ԭǴ˵
Ȫϡ
ʥŮʥʹʥ֮Խ£ԴԴϼӴߵĹޡ
ɾ޴˺ѽŤĿռ䣬ԶԶȥһڰյĹ
۹ҫС
˫Աɵˡ
Сռը򡰺䡱Ȼըѣ䣡
µȪ
ڳµĽﳹ׻һʥʹɳȥӰײǽڣɺ󣬲ſֹס˵Ρ
ꡪ
һѪ
˲ǣǿѹס붾ԣӰٶڶΧ
Ƴأǳأ;֣ʥŮҲ֮С
뵽һ㡣
Ͼ˾Ǳߡ
һ档
ʥŮҲܵСӰ졣Ϊˮһʪˮǽ塭ڳֻЩ˷˿ѣֱܵĴ覣
ѸӦ;λ
ˮˣǶֿܵò뿪


134 ҹ֮
̫Զ
૰
ܵĶ˵, , ҲûԶ
ȻѾˡ
, ֮£ȫЩ
һ롣
ʥŮԺӡûʵķ, âˮ֣һƬˮӰƾո
âɢ
ߵͲԭ
ԪдӸߴ¡ĸоĸо㲻ǿ, Ҳ޶Ӱ죬¾ͱѹסĸоԡ
ɺԲơ
ˮиоһ, ʵʵڣѹһɽѹסǻҪ
ȥƿͬʱҲѾӻôһ, ƺһ, ѹ˻ȥ
Ԫٴαѹ˸ʵ
ǿЩ̶ˮšƵԭ, ò, ˳֣һѽƷԣԼ
Ԫûôˡ
ನĸоԲܡԼˮʱ, ŨҸо, 뵽ǰĳһΡҲĸо, ȴصļ䡭
ʶһЩʲô
Ԫһ״̬, ԰СЩޱӡ
ž㱻һƵڵϾûôˡƳأ֧ţԼĿڲʹþδ
һɢҡ
ˮҲͰ͵б䣬ڣ¶˶ĺ󱳣ͬһƬɫĹ컨ơ
ɫķ˿ɢ󱳣ڰڡճһߡźë̺һƬˮգҲѪټǱӡ
ԪȥҪҸ𡭡
֮ԣȴԲƲԴ˿ѲģΪܡ
Ԫ˼ʲô˼·ָԼ£
ҲЩѡ
žƱ仰ҭһ¡ֻߣûо˵ԣûˡ
ԪҲЩ;ˡΪλڴʱ֣
ԼŮӡ
δòڴ֮ǰҲδԷȴֱز³˶Էݡ
ʥʥŮ
ӣڶ㣬ƿҩøҡ
žٴδ˼ͶҲԴεջ
Ԫһۺ
׻ȥķ䣬ڴˣɺϣı⡣ܿӹ﷭СƿתʱҲѾǿϥϢɿϡ
ĿбӵСƿⲻһҲĹ£һʿɼֺܿرܿĿ⡣
ˮ
һ֡
ԪϵĲˮøû˵ȻŽҹ֮£ңһ²⡣
ס塣
ٳɵĽҹ֮档
һСΪʹ;

һ档
ʥʹʥ֮뿪ΧûгˣǵʥŮ˳
ԭĽͽҲӿ˽Ǳƽģ˵ʥʹʥ֮ɫ̫õġ
ֻ档û׷ΪžŲóȻƬ
潻ֻʱ⡭ҪȥһգȻĽͽһܳɹˡԼ˲֧;δⲻʡ
䡣
һĨʥ֮Ӱ֡
һУԳλϡ

һ޷ݵʥоʮöǴһƬ߷߳Ҳİ˿ʡ
Ⱦ
š
ʥʹʥ֮ԸԶһۡΪϡƺϾʥ壬Ǳǳϣǳ
ʥŮ̬ȡ
ƻһЩ˼
ȻͲỹһٵĽʹ¡
֪ԪѬһκδ覡
ʥŮǰ˵šѻָ˸߹ʥ̬֮ѩȹƮš
Ҷд覣ٷѡ
һ˲Ļ档е鿴Ϊ䡣
ŶʥŮΣ
ʥʹ㲻ɫķʡ
ҲȫȻʥŮ˿̱¶̬ȡ֪ǰŮˣʥ£һΪĿĲֶζ޳ԡ
ȡ;
ʥŮ㸶Ĵۣ
ȡ;һ¿ʥѡ 
ʥѡѳɶۣٿǣǡ֮֮£Я;á
֮⡣
Ǹõѡ
ʥŮҲûʲôɫͣȴ͸ϬˣҪǣأ˵ٶȲ죬ҧú
ʥʹº͵Ļͬšǣ㵱ɱϾ󻼡
Ԫ޹ڴü˼⣬ͬͬĿ꣬λϿõ
ֻҪȡ;֮޹ؽҪ񣬶û̫Ӱ졣
ʥʹ˵˶٣ԣϾá
ʥŮ͵ˣû˵Ӱ;ķȥ
ʥʹʥ֮漴ȥŵĶ̸ȴûȫš
һδɶ֮ǰ
ԡ


135 
ûʵ
ž˼ۡˮҲѱ, ˵ģˬࡣҩ, ڱĿϢ, оڵĿ, ̶һӿڡ
ϸϸ
֫ٺ˵
顣
ܸоܰһֺܳĬİΧնЩ΢
Ԫ
Ԫš
Ӧʲô
ˡ, ΪµľƣҪӦʥ塢ʥ̡
ҵĿģȷʵΪʹ;
ΣյԱ, 뿪˵صķʽҲסԭ
Ԫֻǵš
ʱ˿̵飬̸Ϻûֻǲ˵ʲôֱ, ţ֪˼ô򵥵ġ
Σ, ʥ֮˲ӡ
, ͬ, ΣиӦǿѡ
ʦơ
Ԫƽһ䡣
ž˺̾˿Ԫ̹, Һػء, Ԫջƽ, Ҫơ
Ԫ΢΢šĻ, ȫȻӰ졣ɲ֪ΪΣ˿áЩ
ˮ汻
þ

ֻһ䣬Ŀġ
ʥŮйסһΪ뾩ΪѰ;ڣ塣

һ档
ʥŮԪ޹ڿžԺʱϽȥ·ãʵ仯Ų֮䣬Ѵ˽
ʥʹʥ֮֡
ʥŮڴ
;£ݽ֣Ͷˡ׷ԺſڣԣУһɷƸвƶ
ž
Ժڵľһ㰵Ρ
а֮

ʥŮͣ⡣
ûмڽ롣
ʦˣԼ
ӳϵٻӰͣƮȹҹ
ʥŮھǵؽ硣
ž𡣴һֻȻɵѹ˾Ҳݡ
;Ҳұȡ֮
ʮöһɽȪˮ顣
ҲΪʥŮѰƴƷʡ
ʦȴû㽫ҡ
ԼӦһ
ڡ
ӯδֹĻ
ֻſٻӰ΢ҡȹٿɣʽҪֵģ
ټһΣ
ڣžڽԪˡδֻۣش𣺡ʱļӼۣδǿЩ
ֻȡ;˼ʥŮӵ
ֱӶ֡
ˣûг֮ǰһ˵ľž㣬аգ˼ߣǴ˵أھǵؽ硣
Ҫڶֹ˳
պھ£㣻ԼûҪĴ㡣
ֻ֪
òĺ
ʥŮΪβʰԪ
һԪ
ʥŮƳĬһ¡ָ֪˭Ҳָ֪˭΢Ⱦ⡣
ûбҪ
ž֪𰸣ΪΣ
̹ʦ˲ŵ棬Ҳ޷յˣ̸
žƶ˶٣šԪѯ˼
ԪǵĶԻûа㴥Ǽ
ȫһ޹ء
ҡҷĹӰ¡Ƽž΢ֻҪ˵ұ㲻Ӱ֡
ʥŮĵšзͻȻӡ
δ䡣
Сֻ¶ƾն֣ЮźХ쫷紳뷿䣡
Ŀ
ֱָԪ
Ԫھž󡣵Щ꣬һ㣬Խžɱ
ɱһ˲
ԪӰ˲ʧ
ԭأֻһƬâɢ
Ԫ޹˲ֹȹƮ䣬ͷҲأƿգһƬųԺԪȥ
Ҳʱ
ʥʹʥ֮ǡԺСԪ޹ɱԪʥʹδ̫ԥӭϣԪһСͬʱʥ֮ӰһΣֱ뿪ķ
ɱž㣡
Уʥ֮Ԫ޹ײϡֲʥ֮ΪʥʹģԪ޹ȴò񷵻ʥ֮

ûѡˣ

ʥŮ⡣
糾𣬱ŽԼͽƺƵ
μ¡
ʥŮܿһء
ʵ۴ӳǰʦڣ
˻
ͬʱҲ˽ʥŮͨ
Ժ
ڽ֡
Ҳĺʥʹʥ֮һۣƴĳѶϢʥʹˡ
ȥ
һɱ˾ž㡣
ΪǶ̶ܲͬȵˡԶδ壬ڡǻһûꡣ
ʥŮɫǣɣҲ޽⣬в

Ҳܴ²µһЩ
ǻʵ٣ֵҪʦڣģɲʺϼκˡ
ʦϵħзɽ⡣
žӦһŶ
Խħɵϡ
žƴζЦ⣬ţǸ⡣
ûԪ
ʥŮҲ͸ûˡһڱˡ˱Ϣˡ
ûв
ȡ;Ҳܡ
žصĻԪѯ
Ԫð취
ƽͣûʲô˳ӡ

ʥŮ⡣
ӲͷƤ˻ʵǰ
£ҼӴ˿ʵڲ
һĨӰǰ
٣ʦ˺²ܷ£ǲˡǲܼˣ
Ͷˡͽеʥʹɫܲ԰ףǿţѹʱ̷Ķˡ
ʵеõˡʦèİʾ
ǰºŭֱ̧һƣ´򿪣Ҳ̫ء
ϾûƻԼƵ
ʥʹ·
˺ܿԺſڡ
ʥ档Ϊʵ̫ˣҲȥ
¡±Ҽ˵˭Ҳܽ룬Ժбйƶһ࣬ðȻʲôΣա
δĻ
ɹûʵջҪ̤Ժȡ
վԺ⡣
ɼӳһƬ׹յĺâ
ǳܵۿ˵ɢʺâһо¶ӳа½
͸Ĺâְ㡣ȻԺк
ʥʹǰģӻ֮ˣаħֺ
˵ꡣ
ȽԺںâ֮УԣѪӯգ˹֮꣡ӣΪЩССаħ
ͽйƶ
ٴθŸߺͽӿ룬ڵâС
״
ʵۼ״ٻɣ󲽽ԺУЩȫĻȴڽŽԺϢ󣬷׷Ϯʹŵڵϡͣţ
˵ÿġ
ӹһ١
˵ʹУƤֳһƬĻơ
󣬱

Ѫ
ʵ۱ıʺɫˡ
ʥʹԴ˽ͣ£Ƿǵӻ֮ˣȻܿаħ֮ء
ʵ˵ʲôȴЩͷԺſڵģЩƽա
ӻȴ书аɱǿֻǰ
ʵ˵Ļ
ʥʹĽͶ˻ػꡣѣֻһʥʹԼ۽ͽԺ
¡
ܲǰ¶˵⡣뵽Լȷʵ޾Ժй죬Űġ


136 
Ժ⡣
һǽ, ˮɽӰ, ŲҴ, ִһ֮⣬, ֱԺ
ͬһʱ䡣
Ժʥ֮֮ʣ˵Ԫ֪, ʥ֮ˣҲʥŮ֮һʱߣʧԭ
Ԫ, ΢ٺ󣺡лֻ֪ش𣬲ûб̬ʵ
ΪλҪΪŰʥ֮Ҳ͸˵һžž, Ȫʱ, ûмʱֻͷš
СŮҪʱ˼
žͻȻۡ, ϸһ˿ëȻЦ, ʥ֮ļµѹ뾯֮⡣
˲з
ϺХγźʥ֮ȥ
Ⱦɫ
һƬʵǳɫʥ֮ӲӣҲٶһӰˡ
Х
ҶƮ䡣
ԺһˡʥŮҲ粻֪ںʱ뿪ˡĳ۲
ڼžԺ·û˳ֹֻгķ, ¶һƬƮɴ, ǳɫķ, ڿΡ
Ԫ˵ģ
ڲ⡣
ʦǹԼĴɡ
žЦһ漴, Ԫ˹תЦ־Ӹ¿
ԪҲ"Ҫ"һƵ
ϵĻƻûˡȻЩļ󣬵ȻǺԡ
١
ܻرܡ
ܶҲױĨڡ
Ԫġ
ԪԱ㲻˵ڵģһʣ־û͵ıҪҲʲô˵ˡ
Ȼһ롣
ͱһѴᱧȥ𶯣ʲô
㡭
Ԫ΢΢һ£ʶֵסţûֻǴһ˿΢㳵ɫ
ͬʱ
Ѵ
¼ݵ
žüͷûһ¡ֻǿŻ˶ϸһĨɫ
ʦΪγٳٲ¶棿
⣬ҲûȻӦûʱ䡣
Ѵ󲽴ͷߣʥʹݺ󿴵žɼĻƣʯͷء
ü
žû˵ˣ㣬ֻŵϡ
Ӧ䡣
Ӱͬʱʵ۲Ż߽˵ǻ˵СһЩڿʥʹԼ༸ͽº󣬲Ÿҷĵ̤
ûˡ
пĴ齡ɫ΢΢ЩԭԹʦûа㻳ɵģϾɹʦôأ
ڣָּʦʵڹڹŹֿɣ
ɤʣʦڣ⻰˼ҪϵԼȥƿôһ¡
Ȼ¡
Ҳûеȵ˻Ӧ
ֻһͨͨ漸ͻȻصӰ
ʥʹ
ˡ
ĶƽʱʥʹֿܵһѾ˶˳أڴ˵ǿţ뵽лʵڣԷȻҲö
ͨ
ʵҲˡ
лδֵľ֡
ڡŵϵԪֺ㵯Ҳĵû¶ɫȴЩ˾٣ֱ޼ɵ
žҲϣʲôûзһ㡣Ļɫ˿£԰׿ݣİ˿˿⣬Ʋƹӿ
ڸоĿʱ
䵽ϵĿʱ׵ϣֽȾһ˿ͣԪɡ
΢΢ơ
ĽǶȿȥֻܿƯĲӰճ¶
ƾĶۡ
ȷʵһƤҡͶ䣬һЦݶܹƻġ˼ͬܣԲȡ
ĺ붾ڱ棬ܹƻĵЦ֮¡
һΣյʵ⡢Ҳţֳ̬ȡ

ʱһһĹȥ
žϵİ컨ƣҲʧ̣Լҡ
ڼ䡣
Ϣ֡ʵ֮˶ȥԭҪɱʬģԪˡ
ʥ֮˵ЩЩ⡣ԭԼģδм䣬δӴҲһЩ
ڡʥ£Χأܶᣬǲܵ顣
Ѱʦˡ

Ժ档
ԪѴڣκ˽롣ʵˣȴǰҲ£ʵ۶죬磬ȴް취
ʵ۽ȥҲûж
ѻʥ֮鲻̫Ծ
Ѿ˳ˣȥ㲻ףΪԺѱܰء


ʵγѰǰһ»ľž㣬һ衣
£ˡ
ҡ
ʵ˵ʲôֲ֪˵ʲôЩҰ㣬Щ벻ԼΪʲôˡ


ԣѰģ
Ӧ˹ƻ󣬲Ž΢ķ䣬˾綾
ʵɫһף˾綾֪ʦóƶ֮ǶĶѰ
ֻʣ඾ˡ
ʵŵĲ¡˳ϵĲҪȣ͵ߣ뵽ʲôʱЩ̫Һˡ
Щװķ¡
һͬЩأ
ʻͬʱ
Ҳڲɫžž㡣
·ģѱѺ
žƷŲ衣ϻЦ⣬аȣ޶˽

͸ľ򣬲Ȼûˣڵ
齣ڡ
ԪѵϢò࣬ĥŸ뿪ˡѱϣҪ뿪Ǹ⡣


137 ε
ͽѱǲɢ
ԭǲȥġʹǱõָ, Ҳ̧ͦ, ¶ֵӡ
ư
ЩָҶôο, ǿһͬģΪ, ôܰ;أ
Ҫȱ³
ǵߣ⡣
ԣǱʵ۶ûгЩ, ţ̻ؼң
Ų־ᶨ, ȻǷҵĻδ˵ꡣ
һȺȺ䣬ѪȾҹ, һƬ, ޱնɱ˼ͽ
ͻѪ, ﶼˡ
ðŷӦȸɢ, ǻҶ̣ǻǵôǰġ
---
ɱˣ
ٱɱˣ

Ժʱ
žʵ˵ȷе˵Ľ
Ϣ׳
Բ¼ʼĩ
һϢܽʹ˵󡭡
ʱ̬ɢ͸һ˿ġԼһεѹӡ
;ˮ, ֮ΰٲ, ɼѪΪҩ, Ƴҩ·ùҩܿѪ²Ϊ档
˷
ʵۼŰûͣ½, ﻹסǴλϴô£
žºͣأ˵ţƹԵ
˵֮ˮȴ˴ʥɢмַЮڹƻ¡񳾰䶨¿ɰġ
ʵǡ
ﻹġ
Щ˵ŭ˰죬ȻԭɵҲ͵¡
ܾöԷѹԼĳΧáǵʵۣܶһֻĸо
Щ߳ŭ䲻ԡ˸о
ʦ
θ
㣬淢£
ɶƽգ
£赣ǡ
žŲĻش𣺡ɾóܻعˡ
ԣ
Щɢҥ£ƻģĶձ/ҡʵǣϧ
һ¡
¶˲½߹ǡ
ʵý
ȻҲܵɭȻɱ⡣¸գҪ˵ʲôͶϾžЦЦ⡣Цȴû¶ȣ䡢Ԩ޶˽ĵ
ͷһ¡
˵ĻдЩ˵ˡ
Ժ⡣
ܿµ
֪İѱɢĶµЩͽҲԣͻʵۻعȺ򡭡
ʵ۶ԾžİţΪɫЩ¡һ뵽žû˵
ҹ¸ûع
էȻ
ûʲô⣬̬Ҳûʲô⡣
ʵȴ˵գʦ㡭
žԣ˵඾δ¶档
ʵԭǲ̫ȥġ
ûŪףԡǡ
ܾþžƺȻΪδǰٳٲ¶棿
ô˵඾δԼϾžЦЦĿЩڴùˡ
ܲϡ
ȷʵԾžЩɵġżҲУֻڴ˿ΪԣڣεѹȸһҲû١
һپ岻
׼ɵ˵඾δ壬뿪ˡֻɫ̫ãþž̫ˡ
ƫڴʱ˿̣ûһ뷢Ҳܾ޵

Żع顮¡
ȡȿȡ
ڻʵ뿪ž㿪ʼԡҲ࣬ȻȵòһƬѪաѪ顭
ϡ
ԪҵϢòࡣͼءڿԣ״̬ƣϲ԰׵úѪɫ
ˣʦӦޡ
û˵ꡣ
žѾһͷԵڵءϵĲˮڵأˮһƬ
Ԫԥһ¡
߹ȥ
һʱͻȻץסץúܽƲѡ
һ˿ʶδ

ưŽץø˵仰󣬾ͳʧȥʶʡԪһ£ûгɹֻܽ˽Ūȥ
¡
˷۾ڷ⡣һѡٶȵǺܿ죬žϴ齲뿪˳˷ܵش˷š
ð
ҡҷĹӰ¡Ԫڴԣ˯Ĳ԰ݣ֪ЩʲôӰס΢Ĺ¡
šЩ˵Įʧұˡ
⣬ҹɫ˪
⽥΢
･˻谵֮С
ԭڴ˼ԪҲֲסһҹ룬˯˹ȥ
֪ԼΪҪ
ȻѾˡ㲻پڴˣ̸
ߡ
Ѻһʥ̵ˡ
ŪһЩ顣


138 
ԪǱһ΢Ųѵġ
˯һǳ
ƣ, ᱻ΢Ķŵ
ɫ硣
žѽƽڴϡ˳˱, ס, һѹԼ£ôһ㱻, Ųߡ
Ĳ
һּջЦݡ
˯ɡ
Ȼ
ƺһб͸ˡ
оЩϷ޵ĸо
Ԫһͱ̧ѹסűӣֱֻѹǰλãͬӽ§š
š
ǳǡ
һԿܵ˯Ϯδȫгڵ, ڰĻ
˯ȥ
žֽתԼýǶȺ󣬾鲻Ŀ˯, ͣ˯ˣҲһֽϢüͷ΢΢, ΢ָƽüͷ
ָһ, Ƭ̡
Ѿµ, αװ, ȴҲ˿ҲͷˡƬ̺Ҳ˯ȥ

һ档
ͻ˹Ļʵۣڵҹ˯ºԽԽա
ھž
ʵûаԡ
ڷȥú
Ҳʶв⡣
ҲǱЩˡ
ѰաܶԵϾž˵, ҲԳΪר϶ɡڻʵ˼ȥ, ôҲ˯, , Ҳ޸۵ʱ
ڻʹ⡣
һҹǣʥ̾ۼضȥΧıߵΧɱʥ֮ˣȻĿĵʱȴȥ¥ա
ʧܵϢ
µĶʱѽ룬˯
ʱ
Ǳȥŵĺá

͸һƬʵ⡣ͶǳǳĹӰ΢Եü侲ס
Ԫʱ
ѽʱ
һۡ
ӳһſаĲ԰ӡߣסҹյǳأˣһ޷ݵȻ

Ҳ֪˶á
ָüۡ
ˡ
ж޵ЦԽһЩôõؿƯüۣ޾ɫᣬаȻ󣬹Ļꡣ
ԪһƿıһǾҪ´ȥ
ȴһץס
Ĳˤ˻ȥ
űһƬͷ¡ͬʱһϥײؿڽͣ˵м
ƺһ
¶ʹ֮ɫҲ˳ǽϣɢҡ˿ɢҵĿ
Ԫ΢΢һ٣һۺҪ´ڴ˷ʱ䡣
žϥĿʱֻϥϣûʲôģԪҪ´ˣҲûֻ°ȻĶ
ԪҪȥ
Ԫܿ촩Ьվתڴ齱߿
Ǳ
žƶһ£Цⲻ䣬ȴȻûش⡣
ž㣿
ǱȻҪȥǵġ˿̵ıܶûʲô塣
Ҳ֪žƴŵЦ⣻Ԫûɫ˷ҴȥصģԪ֪ȥǰɡ

Ҳ֪ǲܵġǣǿֹ¡
ԪԶ˶٣̶һ£ҽҩ
á
Ӧһ
ȴûк̶
Ƴˣ͸㡣
ھ䡣
žȴˣ齣ԪҪ󡭡·ʲô֮
Ԫֻɫ˾ٶκ塣
Ѿ֪˭
ٽʲô
ܶûʲôΣԼҲŲȻ⣬֮Ǽǹġ
ԪһҶ塣
Ԫ˺󣬶˼룻ǼȻ⣬ֻҪϾͻ
ƹú
׻һ䣺Ϊʲô
ԭ
ΪܽϵħΪ;ϣֻΪǣһϵ
еĿܡ
˼

Ҳ˼
־û
ǱĿġ

žʱָʳš
Ԫһ㣬Ҿ͸㡭
Ԫû
ž㿡ЩΣֻܳӻȷʵǱѰ˸Ӧ˵״̬
Ҫ´
Ԫ̲ס΢΢һ£Щˡ
žѾվǰֱ߳࣬ϢΧסĸо
Щѹ֡ζ˵ЦԪ֣ḧӣ࣬һ˿εĳȡ
ΪðԪ
̾Ϣ
ࡣ


139 ҪӦ
ΪðԪ
ͼ׹ƻġ˿Ⱦ鶯ƵĴ, ˵Ĳ繡
ʮִ, ûаУһϲҪռΪеִҪӽ
ԪЩ˵Ĳ̫Ȼ
۾
Ҫ
Ŀֱ̫׶ǿҡʶرĿ, Ҳһֲ̫ӵĸо
ž㸩յøЩ, δЦظðԪ
΢Ϣ, ϣöǰķ˿ġ
߳ࡣ
˿ȴƽӡ
һִݶѹȸС
㡭
Ԫ΢΢ЩֲסˡĻȫûӣҲδϹյ̫, , ȴһס, Ҫš
ðԪ
Ĳ
ûϲ
һ־̹ǵĲ㺡Ĵ޲, һˮɢı
ͬĻش
һһ̺㺸ΪŨҡҲһαһԪмܡ
Ժȫૡ򵥵ļħӡϻ֮ȥƶļָ֪о, ܹƻ㣬Щܿơ
ˡ
ƿ
ȴ˿
Ҳ̫̫ʹ
ԪأʡŻŵġԽԽٵö㣬콫˿̰㡣
ſҡ
ԪյƽȻһ˿޴룬ȴҲ޷ԡ
ͻı̬
治֪Ӧˡ
ÿҪ΢, һƲסĪҡ
ܵԼӿ·ʧ˿ءһ, ǿһԼ
žſҡ
䡣
ϴһƬʪŴСմˮ
ž
һ¡
Ҳֻѵˮӹ
ȴδڵȻֹ
žֻҪĻӦҳ, ĻһŲȻѾ, ׷Ź̹ϵĻᡣ
㡭
һ¡
ʪܱȴöڷȣԽԽ̡ٳֻɫס̫һʱѹƵκβˡ
Ԫأ
ĵʡᣬһǣôһ
һ˿Ϸˣ׽ŪҲ޴룻ǿǿ
ȷſ
ԪƴŲͣ١ָץסšԼһȫ
÷ŭ
ȴ
ԪȻشҡ
žһյۺ죬˵ɫ΢΢Щڸɣ׻סˡ
Ϊһֱţź֪Լ̫ˣ΢΢˼
ٱôǿҵļѹռݣԪŽͣðһЩȻҲֻǱϿң֪Ӧ֪λӦ⡣
֪Ӻʱ
ƺѾûôˡ
˼ĳĬá
Ҳ֪
Ĳ֪
ֻ֪Լ֮٣Ѿ˺ܴòһˣǸܵ顣
žȴش𡣵ȻĵԪ𣿡
Ԫ˵
ٴδʪСȴǰΪԣûͣʪϸļϡ
ƱƵ̫
һ˿ŭ⣺Ҳ֪нĿζ
ž΢һ¡ٴʣԪ׽˭
Ԫûش
Ĵ𰸲䡣
ڴ˿̣̫ҡ
𣿡
Ҳˡ˵ʱСԲ|Ķ
ǡ
Эˡ
žЦһ
ķſ
Ԫһɱ㼫ĺˣ˾ҲһҲٶջĿע£Ķӡ
Ŷ뿪ķ䡣
һֱȵתǴ󣬲ŷٶȣָ̧ͣŶ䣬ϣֻЩ㡣
뷽ŵ֡
˵ĸӡֹɣǲĹƻ򶾣Żʧء
ġ
ɽԱߵһƬˮ
ˮ߶£մˮڶϲãɱˮ£úŽȸС

ԪˮرվѻָƽģѰ˸·ڵĽҹѺ˵˺δ
µˡ
Ҫ󲢲ΥȻ类֪Ҫʥ̵ʱܿͱһ
Ҳûп
˳ȥ档
ڵʥʹʱЩ⣬ȴֲǺ⡣
Ȼˡ
Ƕ˲̶ͬȵĶʴ
״̬ôãɫ׶㲡ʥʹ˶ءгصˡȻЩǱ̬ȴһ͡
Ϊȷһ
ԪʡǲûʲôƫΪǴʼգûʲôԵ⡣
ҵҲѰ鳲·
ԪƳĬһ¡
ҵļǣ
ʥ
ʲôطδŵ֡
ǧ磬ǧжǰʥҲˣڤڤ֮УԳһ磬ĳһ;ܳ롣ʥڣûȴҲвͬȺ硣
Ԫĳؼ˼ǣʥʥ壬бĹȺ
ҲǡֻʥԳһ߾֮⣬ЩС֮⣬ҲϪСӡ
ԭΪʥĳڣֻʥ֮ˣȴһ硣ĳô
˼ţʣкζԹ
ڷս죬ֽ㼰;ߣҲѴ̡


140 
ʥ
ĳһֻ;ܳ롣侳֮, ʥΪҪһ̫ƽʢĳ, ҲǱŲ¶˶ҡ
ʥĳ֡
ԴʥĶҡ
ʥĶңҪ׷ݵʥһʥ, һʱڽȺ֮ĶԹĶ, ҾԶ޷Ⱥ֮, һбó䶨Ͱ
Ȼ
ȺҲľž㣬һϵеľ֣ʥ, Сɱ¾, ս졣
ȥ, Թȥ, 䶨ǰľ, ʥս಻ʵڲá
ҲΪԪƵ̬ȣҲΪԪ˵ĸоľţʥʹ˵ĿԣҲĻش, ˵ʥĹ, ÿʥʥŮ֮֡ƻؾžĻϡ
Ԫƽʣ
ʱλ״, ʥʹᱧĹ۵𣿡
ȷ϶Է͸¶ϢǷȫȻʵ, ֻǾĿǰģһЩӦжҲ˼
ҲδԼʥ֮˵ĽɫһԹۡ˵ĽǶȣ飬˭˭ûĶԴ
еģֻǲ̬ͬȡ
ʥʹüΪʥ֮ˣҪ˵İΣΪ㡣
ػصػش⡣
ԣʥʹҲܱ֤ʱλ״ܱͬͷ
ʥս࣬˫Ҳʧڴ˽磬Щûһ㶯ҡı䣿
Щ£ʥʹСŮľСŮеľߣʥʹԣʥŮСŮҲϵǳСŮȴЩɥ
ʥʹĬΪ˵ʱ̫Щ֧ͣ͡
һлɡ
СŮԼжϡ
⣬ʥ壬ʥŮ֮䱾ǶοѪԵϵףϵѡ֮䣬Ҳһ
ԪԭˡĵƲô⡣
ʥʹҲЩоˡ
һǴԹ۵̬
벻סԼ⣬ֻʲô
Լԭʲô𣿡
ʼûʹ⡣
Ҹýʲô
ԪʡҲֻһʣ۹ֽʲôڵԶҪֻ²⣬ʦΪȡԪžֲ³Ԫûнйȫ
Ҳ
Ԫıա
ʥŮͬգžŻ²
Ԫ򡣡
ԪˣɫɣеĴ𰸡
л֪
ʥʹ˵ʲôȡȿȡһʱֹסԱߵĵĽͽæͣµϢΧǰĵֹ̧ס
޷
ȳѪ
ںڵɫ
Ԫ΢΢ʥʹҲмֹ֮⡣ĿǰԣǲǵжԵĹϵ
һ·ˡ
ֻҪҲǰС
һͽ̲סʥʹ;˵ء
Ԫû˵
ȻԸ⣬ֺα̬
СŮֻϮ
ԪʱѾ뵽⣬ڴ˿⣬Ҳδ̫ԥ͸¶˼Ͽ塣
ھž㡭
һ𣬱л渡֣΢ɵ΢աԼΪд˷Ӧѹ󣬱ʥʹ˵
ʹˣҲһʥŮ
á
ԪӦ¡
ǷƵ̬ȡ
ʥʹ΢뵽ȪʱҲ²ؼԹۣȴȡ̬ʵ˿͸˼˲²͸

Ѫ֮Ѵ÷зЩɢؼҵŶԻʵ۵ҲԽԽ
ûаѻҳιٱȫϣɱһЩˣʲôĺûʵۣ
Ҳʱ
˽˴ӵ鷭ó˵¡λеĻӣɻûдõأǰλǱԩϢҪӻӵ


ʵ۸ձ̫ȥʻôһ£֮䣬𱸡ûʵۣԹƻ󣬴ڳǣȥҲЦ󷽡
ʵпԣҲΪ̫һڵͲǺܺãʲôҲ˵ʲôҲˡ
Ҳûá
ûܿѪ¡
˵ĺܿЦЩܿʦȴ˵ǡ
û
ûߡ
谮λӣҲû̹Щ̫ﻵ飬λһӷ£һʱֱµûšǹλӻ˸顣
ʶӣѪӯյԤԣֽžԴµĽ͡
ɫһٱ䣬ѶҲֵ;ڿޣ˵ôûг
㵽֡ЩĿһŵ£ġ
ʱһ£Ľԭ˵һ顣ȻжͼӴ׾ֻԼ֪ˡ
ڼ䣬ʱ޿һ䣬̻ʵеģǣԽӡж֮ˣѾЩŮӡЩ֮ͽȴϣҪλӳ˵󣬶ûãӵǸˣǡ
Ӽ躣


141 ʥ
Ϊ裬֪谭ǴӺ, ʱը, ֻԼ, 浽˻ʵ۵ǰ
һ򲻶Ըڴȴ֦ͬʺҲһͨ
ʵΪȥвҪЩ˳֤֪ˣ, һ£ǵĿ˵ʱͱ˴ڹĶЩλӡ
ʵΪ, ּӿ޵ñ, 㲻, Ҫ˴ȥôǰ˵
ȴæֹˡΪӺԣ˵Ҳɱ, ûʵֻҪڴӣҪ衭
ʵ۱˵
Ըǰȥڴӡ

ͩ
ĳͨԺӡ
Χ, żԺǽԡлľףҶ죬ӰҡҷӳԵˮˮ浴ԱǽһƬƹ⣬Ա߲Զ, һ׵Ӱ, ڲҨˮѰĶ, ˵ġˮζ
ʦΪȡԪΪһʼ֪ҵ𣿡
ԪԱʯڽˮӰʡڽʥʹ˴ʥŮ󣬾ܾ˸ǻȥ飬ֱ
ʯϷһĲߣһյ㡣ˮкİһ𣬸ԼֳƮ֮⡣ʦϲ裬ҲΨһİˣڲ࣬ҲĿȾѧһЩƤëˮˣ䡭
ʦ𣺡һʼ֪²⡣شʱϵĶû˿ͣ١
Ԫһʱû˵
ԭʦڻ֮ڻ֮ҵ
־Ҳ޶塣ʦž㡢ʥŮܸ֮࣬Ӧ;ѰҲ֤ʦżȻ
Ρ
ʦ̵֮棬ײĴѰҽľҲ棬ʵ޷ž˵ϵһ
ֻʲôᡣʳ¼Լеī˵ݣҲֻǲ²Ⲣûֱӵ֤֤
Ҳʡ
ǰˡ
ʦȻҪʡʦóȻʳǲס
˼ĹС
ǷƵŲ衣ٿʱתĻ⣺ڶ޳ȳһꡭ
ʵøֱӡ
ʦΪҪ͵
⣿
֪
Ҫָ
ԪԲɵ΢٣ҲסΪʲôһҪְ취֢״ԭйء
硭
ܵĳӰʧȥּ䡣
ش̼һܺõķ򡣡
ǡֻһðķա
иõİ취
Ԫ˵Ļ˻ȥûиõİ취Ҳİ취
ֻǾָİ취һҪƫķʽ
ʲô취ʦ𻺻ʡﲻʲôȴҲƽͲѹ
Ѱҽҩа취ָ
ţҵõİ취۴¡
ƽƽһ
Ǿʹ˽⡣
Ԫ΢΢Ĭһ¡
ʦʥ塢ʥ֮£֪٣ʥʹԣʥһսңһеĻ֣ǡ
ֶһ£Ĺʦž㡣
ʦˮĶͣһ£ҨˮĹߣϴ֣ߵʯǰԪǰ
˿̣ԭòټȴҲ䣬ƫߣϴżζ˹ĵʿȴִ֮顣
ǰʥ
ԪݺõĲŵʦǰţҲ廰ҲһЩ̵İ׿ˮС
΢΢š¶ȡ
ǰʦ
Եʻ֮£ʥǡֳڼϣʱͱץסҲΪʥ²ûɱ׽סС
˵˿ꡣڼʥʾҪնɱʱ˻
˺İ£ܿ˽⵽ʥ
ʥԳһ硣ʥ壬һЩ
ʱд漸ʢֿܿʼıܿ켷ʥȨĵͬʱҲ顢ְϵ䡣
׳Ϊʥע⡢ȴðȻֵĳ̶ȡʱһʥվ˳˵ܽΣʥǣż̴뿪
ڲ֮ʥӣȴ֮ŮԵԸΪݡ
ԪѾ˲õĲ²⡣뵽ʥʹԣ塭ó䶨ȴ־ĳޡ
İŮ𣿡
Ѿµˡʦƽ˵飬ֻʼֻΪãעԪҪκˣ֮һ֣Ϊ
ǰ
κλεĸ顣
ʦƼű˵Ƶ˵ĹƲô򵥣Ÿľ𣻵Ҳֻһ˿ĸ
Ԫ΢΢ǰʦ仰Щ˵ĸоֻֻˡ
ʱʥӣʥ֮ŮһӣҲˡ
ʦĵһ仰ֽԪ˼˼ѵǡ
Լ³žˡ
ڲµһ֮뵽˸࣬΢΢еıӣʦҲ֪ž𣿡
˵ܸӦ;֮󡭡ĻشԸűвҶ
ԪĬƬ̡
ʦĿģʲô
ʳ˿ڡ
ȴûϣҲ֮еûеõش


142 뵽
ʥʹڽԪ֮, תݵءδ, иڸ֪, йٱǱڸۡΧ
ʥʹڸô죿
ͽɵѯʡ
ȻˡڵĶȴδý, ȥֻԽأҲǰ취
ʥʹ֮
һнͽװ˳ǡ
ʥʹ
ʥ֮ͽ˿̱ȻǡҲ޷һΪĻӣҹҲڳ, ;ͻʥŮ˳֣˾ûг֡
һˡ
⣬ʥŮֵע⡣ͨ;, ҪһḶ́ǵʻ
Ǿž㡣
ܵѡֻĻӡ
ϾǵҹпܽӴˡ
ڣǴӼ褡
Ȼʥͼı, ˵һЩ

Ѫһ¡
ھﴫ÷з
в, һڹĶġܿ, ĳҩ
ҹµ, ׽͡Щ֪ڣȴǶԴŲϣսҳ
ˡ
δյĽ
Ѫ֮¾ڽͷβš
鸮ڣ³ĹŮʹۡϷ, Ů֪΢˵һ顣
Ļӽڳ͸¶ʥŮǵϢ, , Ҳɻ, ǰΪʵҪʦ콫ʥŮ빬
˵Ϣɹʦ˵Ϊλĵأ
ԭΪҲĵšѪһ£¶Уȴڣʾǹʦڰš
֪΢˺΢΢ͥԺ˼š
ҹ֮£֪٣
Ϥž㵱ҹɱ˲ˣˣȷȷĻ֣ҹž㷿ˣ˱֮һ˳ֿ֪
˵˶٣ҹ֮£Σ²˵Ҳû˸ʡ
˵ԶԴ´ɣϾԲУ׶ҡǰҪһĽͣĬĽ͡˵ͷñºƽգͬбйͨ㡣
ĵͷƲⲻ޵ʱ飬ȷʵȫ̲ѡͨ㣬ǰžϵҩйϵΪ˲ʥйص顣
һұΪּ֯
һ׳ϻͯҩȺΪһ֮ΪƵʣ׾뵽һ
֪΢ԣʦĽͣɾţб飻֮⣬λٰõˣӦڹʦ 
֪΢ͣһ꿪޵Ļǰӯ뾩õ֮£һؼҵȥǺ¡
֪Ů˵ûиʦɽܽġ
ŮܾãʦѪ֮Ѳ˹ϵ
ָĻδ˵ꡣ
֪Ů˼Ѫ֮Ǽ٣Ҫʵţ棻͸һ
ǹʦߵˡ֮Ѫ֮¼ƣͲô׽

Ԫ뿪ʦס֮󡣾ֱҩöȥһ·϶˼ʦĻǹĽ̸еǰڽ֮¡
һʼѡӣΪĻӱŲµĻᡣԴƶҲȨ֮С
ȻӣֻʣһĻˡоž߳ۼڣϾǸλã䵽ʱ򣬲ôӲ뵽Уһʼʹٳ顣
þƸΪҡ

ĻӵĿһʼͲλǡǰʢû谭ˡ
褼лнӴΪ֮ṩӻͼȻĻλȻΪǰл˸ι
ʶһ㡣
ûбҪλĴˮˡ˿ҲӦ̫
һ·˼
µķ
Ԫҩʱɫѽƻ衣б䣬ˮĹâѤʡ
ֲҩֻиС밢ڣԪϲǣС㣬ѽ
ԼСʮҲӰϰΪԪ˸ĥŷſ
ôˣ
ԪСɫѯʣű֪áߡѰˣûټ顣
籾ҪСġ
Сܵλ硣
ԪĽ֮ο󡣼ɫסҩãʳ󣬱ݣ˼ŽǰһѰĻӡ
ھ顢֪ٵľ棬Ȼʦйϵûиõİ취һʱҲ˵ʦֻʱ°¡


143 Ѹ
һǡ
, װ꾫ȴֲʧ, ޹, ΢Ӱ
ԡڹӰеľžԣ°, ڱĿ˯ӡһ޷ݵչƻ
ֻһ۾ƿĿ⡭
Ǻ
ûþҪǰʥŮ͵ܹܡʮﳾϢ, ˷׷˱ܡ
һ֮صľͣ
ܹܷ
̬ȵҲ
ھ֮㽫˵ۼ´ģţʥ֮ǣ֪, Ƿʵ
˵Щ
էȻԼЩҧĽֵĸоһ˿У˿̴ĵЦָоҲδ١
º
Ҳû
ΧնƱЩѹʱ洫һĵš
Ҳû˵
ܹĥԼҲûеλŶ, ΢һĽʵ۵Ŀ˵ˡ
Ҳܼ򵥡
ȷʵ
Ҫž㾡찲ʥŮ˽ʥ
á
һΡ
ﴫĻشٶһЩܹܲĵ˿
ۼҾͻȥ¸ˡ
ڴܹ˵ܿһ뿪ˡ
ص
˵ˡ
̹Щô˵, ⶼһֵڴ顣
֮⡣
Ѫ֮¡
Ҳ˰е顣
ǲ鵽˲ʥйص顣ʥ̵ҩΰٲʥڹʦҩǶʱھǵȵ, Ӧ֤ʦѪµĽ͡
, ҲȻŻɡλ߶еĲҲû١ҲʲôáԼ˭εģʵоÿһ˵Ϊ
ʵΪӢ

飡
һɡ
ֻʮ˱Ժɳ
ŹʲҲȨ˼ҵĹ£Ҳм, ˿̶ҳǱ
, ǿǷ˱µĿ͡
ǿǷ˱¿Ͳ˵ģ
ż⿴, Իع򸸻ʽ
㡪
δ˵ꡣ
ϼ躵Ŀ, ĪЩˡк޺ޣŭϣ׻ЩŭԣϾԷҲǻӡ
Ӳ
ǻ뿪ˡ
뿪
վԭɫºܿ͡Ҳף˸о˿̵ܲá
㲻Ϊ Լ֮
һԲϵ𡣲ʧͰҲε棬ԣȴҲݺԡ
΢΢ͷȥ
û˵
ĵͬҲ֪ԷĻȫ޵
ʥ֮ӽ仺߳
ڴ˵ء
ԴѪ֮ҹڽڣǡͽյѶͽһͬˡ
֮
ʥ֮
֪Ǿžڱɱ󣬱Ϊṩݱ֮
ߣҲΪ⼸գ˲ͣţ֮ҲѲܡ
Ҫδ
ع
㲻ȥ
Ҳһܿġ

ĵ
ʵڷŭ
ΪȻӵϢ˶ȸ״Ĵʵ۶С
ԭΪ»µĻû룬µĻˡ
ȻΥ¡ݺֵܣΪʵ˷ָھͿˣ֪Ժֻж޼ɵ

ڲһԣһֱʵۼĻðİȥҪʿΪֳԼĵܵܣ˺飡
ʵ۶ŭʾԵذο䡣
ȥҴӵˡ
ǡ빬Ĵӡܿ˻ʵǰڣͱͷϵĻʵһ
⡣
ڳֵܺ顣
ʣ鲻ǡ
ϴ̫ʧˣ޴Ӳ֪㾹ĺ
һʼڶǰԼ˵κλκνͣһĨᡢһͲ˵ˡ
ԭΪֻҪʻͻı⣬µǰ֪
˵ĻһҲʱͣҲ壬ûа壬˵֮ԣɽƱ硭
ֵ壬ıƣȴ޴ӷЦƣڶҡѳɸƼ޸Ѱ֮
ڴλעĶ᲻עŶ⣬Ǿͻعνɣ

Ҳᡣ
Ǹλʱ¡ά壬Ҳܵ˰ɣ
ڵķΧ
֮бȻ
ڻʵѾȫʱͻȻ̽˵شĵȺ
ţ
ɡش˵кҪ飻˵¹ѪҪ̸֪¡
ʵû취ֻҲϢŭڿ򻹹ԱߵĴʱŭˡ
Ÿʲô
ҳ󲻿
һ
Ҳû˵ĬĬһԣû飬аâİˮ׵


144 һ
д
ڳ, 䲻ԸҲֻ¡뿪ʱ, Ĩ, ûʵһΡ
ҲԴΪ˼֡
ܿ챻һڴŴҲԱһʵɫǺܺãﲻɵĥǰȥϳμ¡

ԼŮǱ˼ðһ˵
ϳ֡ϳĶŮ, һֱϼҵׯôͻȻͻ뾩֮Ϊ, ϳһֱΪʲô֪ϳ֮Ů
ʵЩĿɿڴ
飿
ȷ¡ʹһ͸ıζ, ϳĶŮϳԭ뽫֮׽õ, ڹʦ̬ȷͬѰϳҲ֪Ǻ, Ѱ, ܴе, ϳһ龿ҲǾһ׵⡣
Ůûʲôݡ˽¶˱㲻̡࣬ٽð֮Է, ŮȪ֪֮, ҲĿ֪ˡ
ʵ۱ͶλضСӡôá
ôš
ֻŮ, ˼֮ݶ, ɲܡ
ԣʦһ򲻽Ůɫһ˵ϲã׸ı䣬ϳΪ⵱бԭ򡭡
վһšû̫¶ȴ飬εΣӴĹ
ǹؼҶСô
ǻͷ
һʱ侹֪Ǻûǻ
ֻûκ塣
Ͼû˽
ڴ˼΢΢Щͬʱ
ڽðŮ֮ˣпܾѪ»ϴϸʵһǣ塢˽ѣʦ಻嵼¹ʦΪԻ󡭡
ʵԽԽôһ£ɵӡ˵ŮزھǷ
ݳ֪ŮԾӡʦӴ
˭

ڻʵ۵ע£ɫЩΪѵӡһ鲻ԵĴӡڷûôӣĵڣôľ룬ٷҲǵĽ̸
ҲǺܹ˼ɡ
ֻбڳײ˵еʱҲһҪ˵ɡ
̬ԡ
ʵȻҲ⵽Ŀ⣬֮Ҳ䵽ϣ뵽ĳֿܣٿʱŭ⡣
˭
ʵǹ飬ŭĿ⣬ȴڴ˸
Ǵ²֪ݣ鲻ɫΪˣڴµҩôһʱա
ʵ۶ʱʴӣ£Ŀ⣬ڿԼĶӡ
СӴƽĻشϵû̫Ĳ̶Լһʼ֪ԷݣҲΪǹؼҵСѡ
ôô˵
»
˵˼û˳ŴԷݲнӴĻ⡣
ڻʵɫ΢һЩ󡣻һתżֱʹϣԼץĺŮ
С
䶼ΪߵĴȰ
ûϵһ΢ѹʵ˼ȻŮΪҪǧ֮⣿ЩӻͲᷢˡ
ϳĶŮʱ˹ּҩʯΣõָ㣬赽һƬɽˮ֮أԣôʹϳ뽫ӻˣһ뵽µľԣֻܡ
δ˵ꡣ
Գԡűʹôԣȴ˸ܵõء
ʵòɵðο˼䡣󣬱㻰һתҪ̴˳ȥץŮ
ⲻۼɨӡ

Щ
ʣ
˵ʲô
ߡԵò԰ס
ô޵ĻҲˣ
ҡ
Ǿ޵ķԸȥ
ʵۿӵӣҲ͸ЩҪ֤˴˸˰ܵࡣ
˵ţѾ˸ϽּɴӴǰʥŮӹʦ˴ߡ
С
ɫ̫ãŰסߣԷԸ֮£ץһ£лأҪЩܺȥ֤֤ǵ
̫ˣ

δڡһϵŮӦ¡
õȻ㸸ʵּ⣬ʦҲΪѣ
̧ͷȥ
ֻǻʺ̬ǧ߽ʵһ࣬ĿⰵĿһ۶ӡ
֮顣
˻ʺڳӾʵɫÿ࣬˶üˡ
䡣
Ƶúܡ۴ҲãʺҲöһҲ

뿪ĵ
ʺ԰
Ϊӣʵõ⳼棬ĸʣ֪㸸ϧ棬ڴ
û˵
ʺԼӣΣȰ
Щȥ֤ڱ֮£Ȼ˿ڣĸ£ڴӹʦץˡ£Ҳʦͻʥּ¡º㸸𣬾ͰȫƵʦϡ


145 Ϊ˶
һ·ϡ
ʺ˵ࡣ
Ϊһĳ̬Իʺ˵Щ, , ǿԼȥ˼, ȥ˼롭
һֱ
ʺֻӳ̫У̫, ʧԽ󡢲Ż
ŴӸı̬ȡĸӶˣ˴δй̸ĸֽĽᣬڴ˿һ⿪Եĸ, ѪŨˮĽԹ˿Ҳɢ

峿
ϸ΢΢, ̵Ҷ׹žӨˮΡɫһʵľ׸У, һֱˮӾʥࡣ
ડ
ˮε䡣
ֽɡϽһƬˮա
ɡ, һµīɫӰüĿ, ׾, һȥͻøедЦݡ
㲻϶࿡
ָɾ峺Ϣʮˡ
м˵İ
̲ס࿴˼ۣ˾䣺ѽȥÿεСš
ݡ!
һмϺХҶ븡ʪ, û̫þɢسʪĵ档
мϵ˴æ˱, Ҳûж, ҲϰΪ, ķӦ
мǾĵشԴӾ˳ڴ˵СתƵڵĽֵȥˡ
Ҳδ뵽Ҳбǡ
ͯ·׷ۿҪײϡҪײСľԱȴδͣ£Щ׺ݵ޻ȥܽСȻˡ
ļæֹס֡Ȼˣָ
Գ
ջء
ۿӾҪͯʱ
ݣ
·߻ɡеٿһӰѱӴĺͯ·ߺ˲صԭλãٶȿ쵽˲գۣɢۡ
Ա˲֣ʱвãû¶̫࣬Ϊڼ躳ֹʱʶԼľٶˡ
һޡ
ԼӵͬУλڣһЩĺá
躿ۺͯѱ˱סû¡Ҳɡǰߺ뻹Ƕŵ˵˾䣺л
޷֮Ͷѡ
öߴɡ´ӰδͣǰӰʵСµĵҡҷȻûй⣬бʫ黭⡣
Ԫһֱ󣬲ɡСڿӵׯæЦӭӣˡ
š
һᡣ
ϢҲˡһʱղǶѾı࣬ηη޼Ѱоֹء
Ԫ̽һЩϢ󣬱¡ͤƮ˿м˼
ž˻ʵ۵ʥּʥйءϾʥ뾩һҪʻɻʵּ۷ȥʾ·гڡ

ҹʥŮĻӽӴˡ
ԪѻݡڴӴŵּǰȥʦ˵ͬʱ
ʺҲ΢żţбǰǰȥӽ⡣
в⡣
Ϊӵػأ֮顢֮Ӳ˵Ŀõ̸Ҳ˵һȥ֤
ʥ֪֮ʱԡʺʥ֮ĳֲ̫⣬ʱѴӴӿ֪
Ҳ뿴Ǹˡ
ڲɫļ佻̸ѶԶԷг֪
һ档
ӴһȺЭȷе˵ǼලĹٱδ깤ּƻʥŮ
ʥ֮ˡ
Ҳֻܽڴ˰Ҳǳסиطʱţܳŵˡ
ڡ
žҲʲôסĲڴˣŶó˶쳣ɢ龡ǷԸȥʥŮбҪú̸̸ҪƵˡ
û
ʥŮмġʥ;Ҳϣֻݵˡ
Ӵּҵǰʾʥּ˵⣬Ҫ˽ʱ
Цˡ

аȻɵĹƻͬȻһΪ֮ԡ
Ҳעʱˡ
ǲ˲Ż˵Ļ˵ȴ޷ݵĳ硣
Ҳ׷ʣҪ˵䳡滰뿪жĹԱȻ룬Ҳϵž㣬˵Ůڡ
žĵһ̧֡ڸսʲôһһҽУֻԱʱס˲ӣš顯һ˵ڵϡǰ£ԴҪͻĺᴦ۶һ ǳ޷ܵĽǶȣҽ
ʲô
ž̬ЦӺݻϻеŹӡ
ԱѾӶͻ
Ӽ״΢΢ɫʦʲôʵͬʱѳ־ҪĹԱ
žҲӶ֡£ϣȻЦⲻʲôҲûзһ㡣
¾ʲô
ӿһʱû˵˶Ϊ֪Է飬룬˵Ҳ죻ֿѽʵĹԱﾡٶ
뿪


146 ǿ

ϸ꽥Ũ
, дһ˿⡣罭еͤ, , һ
˽Ԫɽ󣬱㲻ٿ, ֻҼҵ¾ͤ
ԪƹɽǰȥδͤӣѿͤһѩӰŵ١
ģ֮, ֮ö⣬һƬ续ꡣ
СΪĵ²ԸСˡ
ԪͤеȺ, űԭ򣬲Ѳ£Ӧ֪ݵݡҹ, ϵİʮŨҡ
Ȼѱ졭
褿ϴԵЦ, ȷʵ㡣˿֮С
޳ָҡˮĽ, ۻҡȴҲ˵Ŀ
ǡΪҽ
ǿ, ⣬ʧ񡣡˵ʱδͣԱϷŵĲˮҲϸ΢
ԣ˴̺, Ա㼴ɡ
Ԫǰ, ûǲ, ˼̬, ɫô⡣
µȪ
ԣЦɣ˿ƺԶһĶŵĸо
Сǰ꣬вײͣ٣һһС͵ܰɣҫҵģ˴бī֮󣬱뿪
Ԫ΢һ£۽ʲôȻңı䡭
Ҳ֪Էı̬ΪΡ˷ɫҲбƭĲ
΢ЦʣĽ𣿡ûκʡ߲ȴΡ
ֻݶӴҲȷʵһЩСʼգԵµʩԮֵĸмδı
Ԫ顢ֻЩǸ⣬ϿᣬҪ֮ȻԸһౡ֮ͷӦľ£ҲȻѡ
޳ָ⸧ңһβþδ
˭
ڵݡԪ˶٣ֽ˵ʥ֮ˣԪ򡣡£ѾʥŮ֪١˿ҲȻش
΢΢ϣĵİŪţָɵĿɡ
˵ҪԸǾž㣬ֽΣ
ԪƳĬһ£ſڣӦǵյĿꡣ
յĿꡣ

㲻Ŀֶ꣬ΣҲǲɹĶ֣һǡ
ҸûоԵĵˡʦٸţֺηú̸ϾΣĵ顣
˺
˼û̻شʲô
Ǵδžкƽദһ죻ЩˣԴ
Լ
þž㣬֮Թڡ֮Ĺϵֵز
Ļ
Ѳٽš
ôа˵֪Ŀ겻һֻĻ󣬷һԼŪȨĻʣ
ҲʥջȥҲұ֤ᾡΪΪҵĿͬ
Ԫ˵Ϊ²ڽһкջصʥ֮С
Ŀꣿ
ȻҲ
ΪΣ褻褲ɫ׷ʡ뵽һˣǸһֱˡ
йݽӴ֮С˼ɲ⡣
Ԫ΢΢˼Ĭ̶ֲ̧Լһ裬ǳǳһڣһ㣬ЩΪ˵Եʶѡ
ȻԸ̸¡
褱Ҳûм׷ȥߵͤӱߣлС棬ϸ΢þò
£˵ɡ

һ档
˿̺޿ϳΪ֤֤ǲף˺
ڱ˸ĴųԵúáסúûʲôί˸ıǶǳĥ
֮⡣
Щ֤ڳ֤ʱǵĿԴԹޡŭҲͰˣ֤ʱ˵һЩҲ˸̡
˵ʲôӽԺзϻͯҩԣͿ཭ɽˣ˵ʴƵ£±ػὫغڰĶͻ޼䡭
һһմߵĻ
ʵۡ
Ƕзڰָӽ󣬻ʵкܶʱұ£˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͷЩͷǡ
صۡӣԽԽòԴС
ԽĴԽ֮ʵ۲ֱӷǳǷҪ֤ڹϵƽյ棬֤ʵ׺󣬲ŽǴ˸Ǹطų
ʣʲôʣ˳ϵҩҪԼɽˣֻԼɽﻹӣ
ӻظһֱٰȰοҲûЧ
Ҳͬ
Żʵ۲ӿֻԼ뽭ɽҩܳϣûҪˣ
Ը
ڴĽ
λġ֮ҩҲģһжģ


147 ʥ
Ǵ, Ȼ, ûϵƹ档ٹٷֱվ, ۶ڽϣ̬, ˣʥŮ
̫ɢȥ
ֻſϼ֡ϦˮĹӰУһĨ׵ٻӰذ׶ںڵķ˿޷Ʈ, һʥϢݼһ۾;Ϊˡ
󻹸³ϡɫñѹü, ԼЩǵӰʥŮͬʱڻȴ˲ǰ
ͣ½Ų
Ӱűʵ翵ĸоɢȥ, , Ҳ㹻˾̾
ʵΪʵ۵, ʥ˽, Ųµʥе
ɵð档ڽɫϣ΢΢ǰţ뿴ʥ֮Ѱʲôһ
ʥŮ̧ӭϻʵ۴Ŀ⣬΢΢һЦ, ˾ʥ¡
빬λɵĻʵۡ
Ȩ֮ơ
뾩һ¹·, ƶ𷽱պ¡Ƕֳ̬, ƶ, 
ʵ۲
ʥŮƶ̬ȣʮָˣûΪƷϻͯҩѲŰ׷
ڴ֮
ӴΪʥŮӷϴʹ鱦ȵȣʥھⰲ仧ʵ۾ԼܿҲԼӢ壬ͱΪΪԼá
֮⡣
Ĵ棬δ˵ʥ֮ܣֻþǰն֪ʥĴڣҪ֮˵ȵȡ
ʥŮ֮ھǴʱ
ʥҲڰнżƻʥŮѱ˵һʱ˵ڱ̫ࡣ
浽򲻵֮ʱ
ֻһ취ˡ
ڴ֮ǰҵʥ䣬ǵҪĿꡣ
ΪˣʥʹٴѰĻӣ̽ʥϢȻĻӰʥŮҲϣΪ棬ҲеߣֻҪȣ֪Է׼ҲȻЦս̸
ȡ衣
ǶʥʹٴʼʥʱҲûȥʥǱ˭ߡԼη鶼˵һ顣
˴븮ʱ˰и٣;ˡ
ԭ顢Ūʥٹ̸̣ϵ̫á
ûϢ
Ե̫ûгˡԼʥйϵ

ʥʹڴӼõӦϢڵܿ콫ΧСͩһ
ʥ֮ڵ֪Ѳµʥ֮˭ٴѰϡ
һ价µԺȻڣȴΪһһľһʯ޹ɣȴطɡ
ϸС
ҶȾǳƵɫ
ˮвҶƮšˮ浹ӳҡҷӰϸ˿˿þòɢ
ȷʵǱҴߡ
ʥ֮ʦѯʴʱʦҲδԵͳƽмֱ
һյ㡣
裬ɢ
ʥ֮鿴Ǻƣһ˿Ͻ֮Уںδ
ܰȫ
ʦ𻺻˵ŰȫͬʱĳŹֵڣ߻谵ʲƻһ㡣
ûаӰ
Ҳûκε
һŵĿռ䣬Լ
Χֻҵʯwڣ濿ʯѲ֪Լˡ
ûоͷҲ߲ȥ
ʱѾûˡ
˼䶼ڽ硣һյĻ̫ã뵥ʴ£٣ܵһӰ졣
֪ȥ
ҲҲ취뿪ֻԼţ˵ĻѰСܡ
СδѰá
Լȴвó
*
űƿֱϡ
ûκ
ϵһ˲䣬Կ谵а쵵ɫʣɫǳһÿԵù½롣
ֹŹֵĸоſˣЩѣ֮С
뾰
ȻϥУ۾ûʲôӦȫ޸֪
Ϊƽ˯Ű졣ȴħʣŤ£ȴУýѡ
űϣһ˿Ҳʧعڻ谵
Ϊ󣬱ԼӸĶ
ʦ˵߻ԭλ¡
ʥ֮֮棬ˡ಻ΪҪʻʱ࣬ʦĿɡ
Ҫָʦƽ
ʥ֮ȴƺôţ˺ģʱҲǰ˵ֱʡ
ֻΪʱʥɷ˵ҪѾ󻼡
˺սԵʱʥֻΪʱǸΪ裬гнӴ뻥ֱ屻ֽʥüƸ֮뿪ʥˡ
ʱֵʥٷϴ֮ʡʥλȨأʦ𣩵Ȼͬ⣬ԭΪһ֮󣬴ȴû뵽ʥһս𡭡
תת
ƺƻԭ㣻ڻȴҲڻš
ҲԲ²ұĿġ
Ϊʲôʥ֮ʵ벻ףǰεʥҲѾںĴս˶棬벻ʥɡ


148 Ŀ
Ĳ², Ϊηң
ʦ𻺻ʡ
²ģʥ֮ⶪء
ʦ𣺡Ǿ͵û˵
ʥ֮̾
֪ʲˡ
ת˻⣺ʥ, ΪҲڣ
ָǾ档
ĿӦȷʥ䣻ʦǲ, ֻƽģҲѡǴߡ
ʥ֮, ̧źӣ˼Ƭ̡
ʥӵ
ѴӼ褿֪šڽ˴ȥҲҪѰ취ָ
ԷȻ˵Ҫʥӻָ
һ
ڴ˵, ŵùġһֱʦ֮ԣ, ⡢ԼδԵ
ֻʥӻָ֮ǿп;
*
ѪµԤԡ
Ů, ֡ڻʵз͡ǹʦǽͽĻ, ȫŷ
ʥŮĻȴΡ
һ˲ݵʥ, Ͷ߲ʵİȻ
Ļ, ͸壬н͸˻ʵ۵˼롣

ûʵѪԤ棻ʥ֮Ҳͼı죬ɷȵΪ
Źʦ˵Ǽ٣ʵΪŮ, ɷδ¡
ʵڳѰץʥ֮˵, зߡ
ɱۡ
Ů档
ڴûܽץ
ʵԭǺģ, ʥּǰȥ, ҲץСŮӣʦʵڷˡ
ںʥŮȰסˡ
űʥּһ
ֱ͵ʦ鸮У类µĴͻһᡣ
ΪʥŮ˵Թʦ֮ܣҪסһˣѰڱȵѣ磬ΪùʦԼҳ
һͻʥּ
ڰٸ

ǣĳƫƧС
һĵСԺѾ͸æţİĻԼİӣЩСҹ˼š
²СĴӵùͷֱ𷣣ܿ죬ǾʶĵǣȫǶġΪӣǸŵС˵¶˹˹ĵġ
˭ơ
̺ˡ
ơ
ѾŰͰˮš
ӣūǽˮˡ
ɡ
ﴫöߡɫЩն꣬Ŷ󣬶ЩӦĻ谵
һƬŨĲҩζ
档
ɼһĨӰԡȷе˵ԡ˶ûǳɫҩˮУ뵸ʡ
ٸѾĽŲ
֪Ƿ
ԪƸоʲôʱ
ӣҪ𣿡Ѿѯǡʱ
ˡ
Ԫ
ֻǽˮɣ･ˮҲñȽϿ졣û٤ľȷϣ֪ζǷʧֻЭһ
СͰˮ
ˮ»ůЩѾЩߵ˳ȥԡͰĿ
ĵһЩ顣ȫѵõķʱ䡭
ﾲס
ҲԽԽ谵

һĵھ׻谵ķԵ쳣ԶͻأԪһ۾Ҫˮ
ΪϸĲˮ˼Ķһ¡
Ժ˻棬Է󡢽һδĵﵹ衭ţȷе˵ڵˮϲ裬ֻ˰׿ˮ
Ϣ졢ȴ޼ɵ֣оκԻΣ˭в²⡣
ҡ
ʵ벻ڶѡ
Ԫȥ
Żʸе𣬰ŻȻɵĹƻ
һ¡
ԪЩεѹ֣±ġԥҪҪ£ͬʱҲ˵Щ⣬˼ֱ䵱֮ˣ
ȻЩΪ
ԥƬ̻ǻش
ѰĻӡ
Ȼûп
̰ɡ
ԪѰʲôѯʵȻаʵ̬棬ҲԪԸʵش
ֻ⡣
Ԫ΢΢ԥһ£̶ʣδΣ˵Ҫ𣿡
žû̻شҲûĬ̫ñҪӦһ˿ġ
Ѱԭ򣬡ԪҲĿꡣõ϶Ļشﲻ֪ΪҲ΢΢һ
Ҫδ
ЩΪˡ
ĿꣿĿꡣžʡһˮƽǳҹѵĿڸУʮķŻϡ
Ԫв𣿡
Щ仰ˡ
Ȼ
ûˡţ͸оϢһɵǡ


149 Ϊ

һƬˮɽ
һˮӰǼѸݵ, ںڵķ˿, ڻ谵Ĺ, һӯĻȡ

һذ׵˲նڷչľɴ, һ̣Ȼ䵽ԪϡӰڴͬʱذ׵ĳѾϡ
ںڷ˿£ˮɢڿС
ƮҲɢȥɲסһŵѩ塣
쵽˸޷׽ٶȡ
ڰ뿪Ĵǰ, ָɿ콫ϵϡſ۵һ룬̧ͶϾžĿ⣻ƹ, š
΢Ĺ¡
ҲܿϣһĨζȻЦݡ
Ԫ˵סˡԼǴ, Ҳ޴ˣͬһ, кβһڵ
ҲȻԽߡ
ڻµͬʱ
žҲߵǰ̧ḧӣʮ, Ԫ᲻֪أ
Ϊý
ŵϵĸζҩͿδɢ, Լˮζš
ž㡪
ԪƿƲ, ˿һ±ǽ
ǵġ
Щ䡣
뿪Ĵν, òŴˮг, Щ˸顣űĵ, Ҳһ˳Ӷϡ
žƺܿ⵽һ, ׽Ūһעһתʱһѽȥ
㡭
ͻȻʧظԪӦָʶץѣܿɿˣõЦ
ԪʲôҲû˵ҲûԵĿܻų⣬ֱžŵ|ź󣬡ҪϢ𣿡ֲҩݳԡˮ㲻ճҲ
ԼϵҩԡҲ֪Чˡ
Ԫ⣬ȻҲԡ
žöЦ⣬δȴԵ⡣
Ԫ΢Ŀ
Ҫʲô
žЦֱ󣬱㳯ˡԺģȴʹúܵӦ֡
ܿ˵ơ
ԡˮҲ»һѾ͸ĹУλ֪ʱԼҹĿӣ⡣
ɬֱӡ
ȻҲҶʲôġ
ڽĶ˺󣬶ȥһϷŵѾܵĻ£磬̡
һƬƵƹԪڴؿ֪Ҫʲô΢΢ЩȴûֹķӦһȻķչһֶֺìܵ顣
ֻڱЦű뻳ͬʱ岻ײ΢һ¡
ɷϡ
ûôˡ
΢΢ЩҡҲ塣ܾòȥСʦ֮⣬δܵĽӴ
Ҳδһ졣
鰮֮¡
ƮýδԼҲбšԥеʱ
Ԫʲô
ž㻺ˮʱʡδЦ⣬Ѿڽ̬ȣԵʮϲ
ݻˮԪҲ̧ΪʲôңƽѯʣҲŤ
Щ벻ס
߲ȱٸɫŮӡΪʲôƫƫʶֵĹʵ㲻ʲôõĻ䡣
رǡԡ뵽ĳЩ飬ɫЩ̫á
žûˮеķ˿ŵͰ棬ϴЦݣû̻ش⡣
Ϊʲô
ҲʹΡȴҲҲ׼ȷĴ𰸣ֻΪɶȤ뽫ԼСʱֻǵסΪԼáȴû뵽в֪˼ԽԽֹʡ
ÿһ׽
ữǿҵδΪֻаԪáӡ
һжֻΪ
ֻ˼ɶ𣬾ӡС
Ԫ˺û˵ҲЩֲסе㺶ܿƽش˼ʲôž㶢ɢŷģҲûʱٱƽ
תȥ뿪Ĵϡ˳㴵һ硢Լţѹĵ׵аٻͷʱ㾶ֱƹ磬صԭλô
ˮеģ̫ˡ
ֻҰڴٴȥԼ̲ס
ɻ飿
ȷʵһ£밢Ԫйء
ʲô£
Ԫһȥ֪ˡ
Ϊڲ˵

Ľ̸С
žԼ˱ƷšҶЩѰĲ裬£Ҳʤޡ

ˮ½
Ԫˮ»˼·߳Ѿ˼ľž㡣
ҹûȥˡ
ҹԪĸߣ
ԪҲ֪ߣ˶Σпķ䡣
ž㶢˼󣬡áȻ󣬵ȥ
Ԫڿ뿪˷䡢Ӱʧ֮˿ҲЩôס̶ȥҪŹʱһֻס˷ţ⣬ұİӡ

Ԫ΢΢Ŀˣ
žȻˡ˵꣬ƿžͼ˽
ԪסǺŸϡ
һ˲䡣
ֻ˸
˿Ҳֻ̧ۣžҪߣȴһ齶ȥˣԪ˯ô
ſҡ
˵Ҳȫˡ
㡪
һ㡯ֲųڣԪ˾Ѿ˴|ϡ
붯
ͱ΢΢סˡýૺգ˯ѣʲôұ֤
ԪȻûеǿš֪˵ʲôһʲôҲԽܡ
һ¡
Ըһˡ
ž㿴ֻҪһſҪģ뻹ǼѨ˯˾͸⿪һ˿ںζ


150 
һҹǳߡ
Ԫʵڲϰиˡҹ΢΢ѹ, Ѩѱ⿪, Ҳû䡣
뵽ĴӿѾƻ, ҲͷͷԺ˯һҹϵ, Ѳ֪Ӻʱ𣬱õ࣬ܽܵĳ̶ȡ
峿ȸԾ֦ͷ
͸ֽ͸һƬʹӰԪѵñһЩ, ۵ʱۺȡ
һ˿ָ⡣쵽֮ǰ, ѸٷסѨջƿʱҲ۾ҹǳ, һЦ⡣
Ԫʲ
Ԫ˳ְѱƵ, ȥ, Ȼ󻺻´ϴ˲ģ, ɫҲδиı䡣
Ѿˮϴ׵ַԸȥκ˶ҪԽӽӡعصݣϢ뿪ˡ
Ȼ, Ϣ, ԺѾ͸ԡʱסѨڱﲻܶľž, ȴܹоʰ׵Ṧ뿪Ķ
ܼ΢ɾ
ȴȻûӹĸ֪, ֱײ׽󡭡
ţ
ڰ¾žüΣҲ֪ںϾû뵽ôˣ

һ档
Ԫڽ˶סһ΢΢װɴҵģҩ̵ķȥ
ԭΪ鷳
ҪعصݣӦԭûʳȻҲ⻻Ҳһݶѡ
ڴС
ĿѰӣܷ̽ʳһЩʥ̵顣ʥʹ˵ΪѰʥӡԼǴʥ̣£ôͽ
ӦǼ򵥡
Щͽù;ˮǰѪ·粨ʱ볣졣
;ˮ
ǿ;ƬɫôȷʵˮֻǴڰӽ״̬ȡ;ˮ
ǴƬռȡãЩԴԴɢȥҽҩ;ˮǴӺζƽδ棿
Щ顣
ʥһʱյĴӣ֪һЩ
*

ʺǰӵĹ飬һȦȴûҵˡ
˹Ů
֪ҩԺﵷڡ
һ˲ЩġϾûοӿϸı伸죬ָֻӣ˭Ҳŭ⡣
ʺסŭ⡣ڿųʱɫƽ糣ʲô
ԭܿĴƬҩֻһЩĸҶսïʢӲݲţҲûбĺۼ
ʺЩ벻ףֱԺʲôˡҲû̻شֻڽʺӭԺ̧־ͽ֡Ů棻ԹصţҲû˸ҲҪļ
ֻСĻʺ
ĸ
ڽʺ졣ҲƼ棬Ҫ˵ʲôҪһ㡣
ʺ״Щ˼䣬ߵĻ˻ȥֻùšƹһɽСӽʺһƬҩǰ
ﻹһƬ͵Ĳҩһüá
ǰָƬҩ˵ĸ㿴
ֱƣ
ʺЩһ׶Զӱ˽⣬ֻƵ飬˵ߵĻּѵ˻ȥ
ֻ俴Ŵӵ飬Щ̫á
ĸЩҩǿ֦;ˮ󣬱ľش
ȻűߴïʢҩԣмѾήҩƵɫЩۡ
߱ģ
ĸ⣬ӿʺѳɫԽºһЩĸãǷЩ֢ҩҽڷʥ̵ʥҩȴҩָõƣ
㸸ʷҩܷϻͯҩ;ˮΪʦ˵һ㣬ʥŮҲ֤ʵ;ˮЧпɣڲľ֮ϣЧֺ⣿
˺ûʲôǶһСЩҰ׵ķĩ״ïʢҩ֮ϣܽ;ˮзҩĸ뿴
¡
ȻʻĲҩۼɼٶȣݻơ
ҩݻƵͬʱвʺѪľӨˮ飬ƮһСƿʵ
Ƿ;ˮӼͣϣѾԵأԭֻʥ̴ƿ;ˮھͣĽࡢٷĹ̺ƿ
˱仯Ļʺ
ڲľ֮ϣˣ˵ϡ
סڡ
ʺɫ΢ףѹ˴ӵĻһʱԽܵ𾪡
ľˡ
ǽ;ˮϷ룬ֽǺֻֽ˵Ŀ£
Ǵȥ
룡
ҩӺζ
Բɵö˶٣ǶƳġõ͵ࡣ
㡪
ʺһʱ䲻֪Ǹú¡ֻҩǱµĶñ֪ҩĴڡ֪ǱƳκεĽֻͣΪǶĻ죡
š躣õ֪
ʺü벻ץסӵҩպãסĸ֮⣬ҲҪκἰ£Ȼ㸸֪
ؽɱ
µĻʵΣΣκˣ


151 
ھǡ
ù;ˮˡ
޷ж١ΨһȷǺܶࡣ
Щˡ
;ˮ¿ƻָá֮, бͬΪ;ˮ
̫졢Ҳ¡
ʺ֪, ҪӶؿƿ, κἰ¡
ȻӦˡȴû㣬Ҫ²ܣ˲˼, Ųʥ֮أܾ׷
ο
Ƴ;ˮҩ
֪ʥûİ취ﵽĿģյΣǲС¡
⣬ԽԽ;ˮ, ᱻΪã

ĵ
ʵ硣Ѱļ磬ĵڣרΪӡӶ, 빬˵˵̸̸ģҲΪ˸Щο塣
Ȼ
ӡ, 빬ġǰԳ, ˽æˣڴ尾ͬɫ, , һҹҪǰѰֵӲ㡣
ڱԵĸǿд˹︰
鶼ôá
Իʵֶһٵοûа㶯ݡȻҲʵ˵ÿһ仰Ǹ˸˼ΪʵߵġҪԺνǡûˡ
ӹƾơ
űõֵĻλ
֪Ҫȵ, һʹ죻ŻʵੲݵĽ̵, ͷ, ˸ϯһ·ѬѬ԰ȥ
ǡδ빬ʥŮ
Էɴ桢ȹƮƮˡ
Ҳ֪˭
Ҳں˭
ɫ, ¶һЦݲȥϷ
ʥŮֻǿûܡû˵ߵİŮ˫˫һüҪ֡
Ҳʱ
Ҫ빬ĴǡþԶ
ߵ
֪˴š
ΪʥŮΧ
ŭڼ躾Ȼҹ¡֪ԷʥŮֱ˵Щ˼ɺŲʵ뿪
Ȼˡ
Ҳ֪
ϾŴ˸Ĵ
е֮ʥŮ֡躼̶ʥŮ
һһ롣
Զʥ塢ʥ̾⡣Ǵ
޷º˾ƣʧ̬ ʥŮƺδ·ϣʮлӽΧ
̶ԣҴ˷뾩ֻΪʥ̶ռô½Χұһ£ر
躲֪ʥŮָ£
Ů
Ůһ
躿ϵ΢仯
ʥŮ
ȴҲ⣬ֻɵļ˵ץϣ㸸ʣз硭ƶлػ֮⡣ɽˮƮһɻȻɵζ
ӯ
躵΢б仯ҲδкתȻԸἰ£ʥŮˣֻǾ¶ѣ޹
к㺣Լ飬Ҳֻ顣
²⡣
ҲδʲôҲʲô˽ģɱ¿֪Ǳˣ¸Ѱʱһ˽ᡭ
ʥŮ
˵̬ᣬ֮ȴڸߴһе̬ھƶ˱˰
ɫлʥŮѡ
ʥŮҲлмʵǽ˵ԼĻ뾩˽»棬ԶƵƵ¾δһֱ㣿
û˵
ϵЦѾȫûȥ鿴Ծºţһ˿˲
ˡ
Ϊء
Ϥ˹ĻһֵĽܵ顣ȫȻ ֻǶΪĿܡ
һֱڽӽÿһλӣӽÿһλλȨ֮ˣֶΣĿġķţֻǿˡ
εĽۣʡҲ˻ûţüɫôãǺԡ
϶һػ죬ӵУʦĸı䣬Ӱ죬һ˿̵¶Ρ֮ĿģҲڴˣʲôҪԼȥ֤ˡΪʵ
ʥŮǣΪ֪Щ
֪Щ飬ҪҪ֪Щĵ£ֽȡžǷΪѡֹһء
û˵
ʥŮҲߴ٣˵Ѿ˵ˣҪ뿪
Щ飬Իȥ֤ڴ֮ǰһʥŮ
ʡ
ʥΪҪҩҸʣҩ񣬰ǧ󡣡ûֻǵʡ
󣬾˫ϵӣĳ⣬Ҳ⡣ʥŮǻش
ʣҩϣûκθ𣿡
¿ɾñкβ֮
ƳĬƬ̣ûС
ʥŮôҵĴˡ
֪ˣ躵ºֻͣ΢΢Щлţ


152 ̽
뿪ʹ
һ·, صҩãҩ, ûʲô, ƹڶ˱̴žžֱ, ӽæ¶Ц
մˣ
¶һĨº͵Цݡ
λСܾˣڵմءƹ˵, ЦеĺͰģ
ɫ΢١
Щʼδ
û
ǡСҩĳЩģ̶Ҳƹ˵ͬĻ, СںԺأ
Ժ
Ԫ㰢ҩġ
ѵ÷磬ɹ˲ҩģۼս, æسҲ, һ֡
ҩ֪
˵˼ҩĵֺðʲôһ, ָͣһЩҩʽʲô
Ҳ΢΢Цһһشˡ
ʱһݵ˵, С㣬
ԪЦӦǰҺġ
һַƵЦ, ûаҫԼΪ顣
͵Ц
һ˿֪δջ㡣õķΧ, Ԫ㲻վ, תվµļ躣ǡöЩӰ㿴Ŀ, ڶĿһ˲û
Ԫ¶ƵЦմЦˡ
ָ֮ԡ
ҲȻûа㱻Ϊ顣
װ飬ʣйأҲΪʥŮĻ˻࣬ڴ˿Щ֪̬ԡرǶȻȻĿ⡣
㡭
ԼЩɬ
Ԫ
ɫҲɫ
Ƶĵ˵ꡣԱ߰ñҩ˵˾䣺ҼСܾˣ
˵ʲôļ躣ֱ仰ŪˡСѾûб˼ǿֱĿѣȴͲܵӰ졣
ùõˡ
ѹĵ׵
ԼЩ
֪ѰҺ£
ĻֻһЩ飬ż
ﲻֱԡ
ʥ̡
ԣ΢٣Ϊ̽ʥ̵飿ҲΪʥ̡֣¹ĵ׵ֻ²⣬齥ƽ
ʱ
Ҳһʼʱľִ١
Ԫ쵽ı仯˼ǻش𣺡һЩԨԴ
̸䡣
Զʯǰ
СܿŲֱŵǰ˲ȥ
躿Ŷ裬øһ²Ҷû̺ȣַŻǰϡ
ģ𣿡
һֱǻ
ӹ˵ԼŮݺ棬֤֮дڣԴ䣻ʥŮ֡ҲȷʵӡʦӴ޷ɡ
ڽӴĹУ̸ֹĸоַɱ޹˼ݶŮӡ
Ҳһֱ֪֮زĿȻҲᵥȥȻ浱Щ鱻ڵǰò֤ʱ˵ĳء
Ϊλдһʣ
ԪͻȻ˵Ļ⣬Ƕı
֪Ҹʴͻڹʦһ£
Ԫ΢١
飬ǰĻӿУ֪һЩġ
ôἰ£Щĸо
Լ
ʡ
ʾѾ֪Ҳǹˡ

Ҳ۴¡
躵ĿȻڴˡ
ҸѾּ鸮С㡭أͻڹʦڳﱸպ顣
Ԫò˿еˮǺòڴţһʱԣ֪žΪҪˡ
躿Ӧĵ΢΢Щ£Ը˺Ҳ㲻Ӱ죬Ƶ
л֪
ԪѾ̬ܿ
ΪҪл躶ʡ
Ԫ΢١ѾоĻл˵ȴڻеĻɡ
ͬΪҪ֪ҡ
˿Բĵ䣬ˡ
Ԫ΢΢ֻ֣һƺܻвͬĳƺжٸƺʼգֻһˣȻֻҶѡ
Թԣûв𡭡˶ԣֳ˭ǰֻ˭
躻δȴѲ˵ȥͲô˼
Ԫ΢΢ΪֻǴĲˡ
Щ⡣
ô⡣ǰУܿδйĽӴǣ
Լ
Ԫ˼ͬʱ
ҲΪĻЩȻ
ҲһֱΪ
Լܽһ˿µȴѺӣֻΪʵ׻ǽͻʦ
Ǹʧ̬ˡ
˵Ǹȷʵ㣬ֻǲ֦
躱ЦЦص⣬֪ʲôЦвײǿ
ԪȵˮУ΢΢תţ˼οڣҽ֪;ˮкο
;ˮһ
ɫЩײı仯ϸ΢⵽ľۼؼʥ֮ҩȷ񼣰˾̾
š
ԪɫĻĿǰȷʵˡ˿Ѫ⣬ʥΪһּ޲ʹ֮ӴϿǵΪ
΢˿ڲ󣬡Ҳ̸ϿɣнӴǣԲ˽⣬ǹЩԨԴ˵֪ࡣ
Ԫڻر⡣
ΪûϿɡȴҲûɣʲôҲû˵ӸС˽⵽Ĳһȶ;ˮоûκνҲĻش
˼
ɫδ˿ĵԨԴȴû̫ĽӴǵ˽ⲻ࣬Ż뵽ǰѰ̽ʡ
ǸûܰϹʲôæ躿ЩǸ⡢һ˿޵ɫޱţȴʲôҲû˵˽̫ˣʵݶȷʵ
Ѳκˡ
йϵҽ¸֪
ת˻⣺
֪ʥкԨԴ
Ԫû̻ش𣬶ЩĬűӺˮ
̲סģĿƿñ˵͵ûʹ
л
ȷʵ̫˵ߣҲû̫ϵ

ա
Ҳûʳʲôõġ
ԪԼ躵̬в²⣬⾡󣬱㲻ٶˡ
ڲ˲䡣
нɲܵŲġ뵥Ѿ
۵һ˿Ȼ
̽
ڻ
ԪԽȥΡ˵ĸӡ


153 һ
䡣
һƬϼ
м, ˮ, ˿, 粻ԪһϮذȹԻȺ, ˼ţӵĸıӦżȻ
⡣
ʵ۴ͻ顣
ѡʱ
ѾȻҡ
Ͼ鶼ʥŮ뾩ŷġ
ĳ̶ֳϡ
ȡڻˡ
ԪȻ֪ʵҪץ顢Ҳ֪ʥŮѰ޹顣ȴҲƲһЩ, ʥʹ˴ʥŮʱʥŮûгӦǹžһ
˺
ҲһֱûѰ
˵һֱûҵ١û˵, ʥŮ֮, Ȼδ, ŻԴͻ֮
þž㽫ҳ
պĿġ
ٲǻʵּĿġ
ֻһҪֵʱҲ˵
˿̵Ӧѱա, ʲôʱ
Ӵ
·ˤˡ
һͨĸˡŸӣĶѾһء
Ԫǡþ
㽫˷װá
лллл㰡
˸м˵л
ֽӹӡ, ѰûʲôЩֲڣֻǶһѪۡȻˤʱ, ĺۼ, Ѫ, ɫܺ졢޵ĺɫ
һ˵Ѫ
Щƫɫ, Ǵĺ졭
Ԫ΢΢ŸϵѪӣ΢һ£һ޷ݵо
е֮ͶѣﲻصлСŮ۴ɫ̫ãҴƹȻȻĹ
˲׽ĸо
Ц˵Іƹˣβ򣬿ķӲϸúܶˡ
мһ糣ˮ˿粻
˵Ҳ뿪ˡ
ԪȻվԭأ԰׵ϣɫûҲûжŸ˽ԶȥıӰеĲ룬Ѵһߡ
ҩ;ˮ;
֮⣬ӿѪ顢еһ˲һ޷ݵĳƸС
˵Ǹо
һָӦ
ĳֿĵΣա
нڡ޷ֱ˿޲ĸоǸ
һǵص
ߡĳ䡢޴֮
һпûʲôڣ;ȴһ˿ĲܵʲôӰ죬Щ޷ƽ
ֱڴߴ뿪
Խ⡣
Խǿҡ
ԪٿȥᡢȥָоʱֺʲôҲûзһ㡣λӰѰðۼˮɣƳϣһ糣漴ԶСӡ

ǡһͬ
Ԫ߽ȥ󣬲ھͷͷƵ̬ҲûлͷôվдذӰ⣬Ʒһ㣬вʧǡ
ͬʱ
η𡣵ϵҶվķϮ
ɱ⡣
ȾС
һɫӰϸɴ棬̤ԶӳӰԪ󣬲ƽûаѰˣǸڿġ
ֻһλᡣ
εӯŮƵŮһͷںķ˿򵥵ķޣ׹žհ
ʥŮ
ԪҲʥŮֻԸꡣ
ʥŮԪת˼־ܵĻᡣǰ֮ˣ֪г룬ûô˳
ԪδͷȴܸоĿ⣬ҲֻҲһ档
Ŷ
ʥŮҲһλᡣ
ʥŮ΢ͣûڣġ
Ԫת˫ҹյǳͣεС
ʱֵĻᡣ
ʥŮЦ
˵Ŀ飬öЦͬʱ΢΢ת˼һ㡣
һ롪
ٿɱ⻨ΣУʯһ˲ֱԪȥ
ٶ¡
νĿγ쫷ХԪķ˿ÿһקñֱذȹҲԷ졣
ɱС
ǰ
Ҳ˷Χ
ɫ䣬ת˲壬ֻ̧УһɴҵȻʥŮĻɱУʽΪ򵥣ûѣĿӰҲû𺳵ļơ
ֻп쵽µٶȡ
Ӱ˲ƮɢкۿѰȴ޼׽һƬδɢذײӰдҲ谵Ѱټںδ
̡
ʥŮʶԼ͹ԷΪˡԻ쵽µٶȣ¼ΪֵأǲȥҲûаʤ㡣
ʵԣǻ¡
Ϊʵ
㣬ѷʥ֮ˣǸԼ֮Լ֮Լ֮ˡѣǿãβ̹Ȼƽܰһ
ͬĻҲʥŮѣǿãģսģģ֮β̹Ȼԣ

ʽݡ
ｻҲԽҡ
ΧһƬʯǽѻҽͽݣҲܵţֽ١


154 жԷ
ϵƻӳ, ͨһƬ, ڵĽ, ɫ䣻ҡҷĻ⣬Ҳղǰɫ
ڡ
ͶӰӡ
ػζͣ, Եĸ꽹ѡ
ƽ۽ǣҲڵƻ£ŲͣšһƬҫҫ⻪
£ص, ¾㱸У˾ٱܹɡ
˵֮ˡ
һ۵ӡòͨͨ, мʥŮˡ
޵ϣˡ
ʵ۵ļıܷ¡ʥŮ棬йʦ桭
ʥŮɱŮ
ĻʦĽŲ˲ùʦʥŮ֮, ˾ٻһ, Ծ⡣
ô˵
Թʦˡ
Ȼʵ۾ԼΪ, Ϊ, ޲ףȴḶ́˾Щġ
ܲϡ
ԹʦһЩ˼ɵġҲΪˣ˾ٲڱУʦȨ, ҪʵһЩˡ
ǰûôʱ䡢ȥܳ飻ѷϻͯ, ػؾʢ, ųȨȻҪջġ
ȻȨֻԽԽѪ֮ҹר֮, õ֤
¡
˼ʵɫ̫ãȰοһ
ʵ˼żƻҲûʲô©ŰЩ
Ҳʱ
ͻڱнȴ²ԣֻһԱߵİʥˣԡ
ʵû취
ֻʥˡ
ߣҲΪʥˣûεʲô飬֮ȥĵز
ʥº
ԣҪ˵飬ʲôشֲ˵ߣڽŵɫЩ˵Ĳ԰ס
ʲô飿
߻ʵ۶⸱ӣŪЩէ
£²鵽ĵ¡
ͷڵأĻǰй˵һ顣
ǰԴ档
ǻʵ۲ܽܵ顣οᣬüֱ־ŭʣпܣ
ڻʵۿ
ĻӾǸҰ׵ġٹ龩ҲҲҪӲֵʲôвʶҲǸֵĺӡ
ǰйأ
οȥôˣǰڣ
£ʵѵҲԣʮǰδ©֮پۣĻǣ
ԣѵޡ
Ҳû˵̫ࡣ
ʵԵý޴룬ûȫ飬ģţĵֻų⡣
Ķԣ𳾷Ĺ
ĵĸס
ǰĹ
ֻ֪֪ĸǹһͨĹŮ
һʼҲֻ֪Ǿ̾һͨĹŮŹ˵ĲŻҲϧ֮飬֮£Ҳ˳¡
ֱʮǰ
ǰıҵ鱩ܣű鵽ʱδĸò֪顣
ǰδ飬˵ˡ
ʵԽԽ÷ŭġһѳ֪һƬǰ·ԽԽĸ鸡ˮ棬ӦӲϾ

ֵܰ
ûʲôֻĽֵʯˮڵҹɫ¸ľ
ͻһֻһɫʻʯֵٶȲ죬ҲǱȥ
δʻʯš
ǰһƬѹâšա
һǰ
ɫĿڻ·ɭȻ⣬ѵصĶ飬ǽѲǱ˾ˡ
ʦˣ̳ǣʥŮȣ
Ϊ׵Ľ˵ꡣ
óһݻʵ۵ױ͡
ͺܿ챻͵žһɼҲûô¡
֪ˣء
ûʲôԵһŵζεΣ
ҪҵȻ͹ʦˡ
һ¡
ûеģֻǰ磬轵¶ӡԨ֮⣬ɲǼ˱
ֻñ˺⣬һ޷ݵĿ־ԼʹʲôҪ

ڰһ
ǳ

ȴһɢ粨һ㣬ӽ͸ϸܵĽ⣬

ɫľһʶǵѱⱬ
ǲǷ£ʦ˺οΪѣ
ҹɫ𡣲һɡ
ϵĽʿɢȥ¶˶ں󷽵ѩӰ޳ţҹƮݣɡ
ɢȥ
ǳǳ»ϡ˿һˮָ
ɢĽ̸ȴежԷ


155 
ȼš
ڻŵĳ, һ޷ݵѹ, ˺ܵӰ졣ڱͶڵϵĲӰ, ѷֲ˭˭ġ
ʱж޵ҹɫ֮, һ
ƹá
ƲϢ

ﴫһЦԵͳʮֻˣȴֲκһ˿飻ˣ, İ飬ЦȾавƹ
½, аţĵ½̣ҪΪˡ
Ҳò, ʦһ

ӰС
аӰ, ̬δ, , ȴһ˵Σӿ
ҽգǹŲأ
ʦҪִ⿹ϳ, ҲСˡ
һ¡
һȻ˵սľ
ͬʱ, ɫⲨҫ, ɢ, ˮڽӴһ˲˱һս⣡
̸
塣
֪ԷһʲôžҲֵúԥ˼ת䣬淢
䡪
һ޷ݵĳײȻǱ̺Ϊǿҵ򼧻褣
Ϊ
֮쫷ষУֵϵ͵ʿѷ׷ߵķݡиˮС
ʯ׷ѡ
Ұǰȥײ򼧻ڵλã
ȣʦпּΪȰһȣݸӦȨְò죡
ָ⻮ҡ
Ⲩϰɱ
ɵỰɽȪˮй
ɱ糱
Ӱ䡣
ɢһ繥ΧĽײ˺ţ
飡
һ졣
ǿ£ѳѹȣһִݿƻľѱ䣬񱩣˻ţһͷŶաײٹˮУ
ɫӰ
ƿնһתħգױȵѤӰǷâ¶Ĺɱǵ褶ȥ
˹ǷǷ˿̶ϣһʱѷָ£һɱΣ
һ߹аԿɻ붾ʴѲȽֵĹУΧһлֽ١
Ƭ˻ˮʯѳʱ֮м뼤裬ҾУ˲ƾİʯơڼ
Ѱؽ˫ܲסѡϣѪ
žȴš
۸Ĺף褵ױȲ
ڲԼ֮
Խ·磬˲ˣ۾žԽݡ޴ڵɱ
ѪҹܵˣδȬʱ˿̣Ҳ뼧褲ˡ
ⳡսԣѽβҹĿƱš
΢΢ǵѪϳ棬ûбĶһ룬Ӱ϶ΪһζƿգӰЮɱж
ҹɫɫӰ罣ֱ˿īҷֻ֣ŶԷı簵ҹħ
һ˲
ӵӳһĨâ
ɲǵʧ񡭡ֹУֺȡļ䣬ûʶԼʧֻ˫۱룬ڴ۵ĹҫУʹޱȣʲô䶯ҧ
ɲӳѪɫڰ

Ǽᶨ
˿Ҳһܵʹߡ
褼Ǳܵѡۣͬʱһƽž㣬ǿɢ
ԴΪڣٳˡ
žܿٵײΪƣɫӿ̲ػԪش褣
ꡪ
ѪֱˮС
ž㽫˴ˮкҲͣҪ뿪˵ʱȻһݵΣϮ
ΧĺҹռŤĹ֣ɫѤλãԣɲǼγһͼڣ
ǡ
֢ʱϵĻƣ
ǰͼڸϸѶÿһʻһڤڤ֮е¶
һѸײڶ֮ƣӸǶǵسϮѹ
һֻڵʯһ˲䣡
ͼմһɲǡ
Ȼڳ˯䣡
ѤͼڵĹӰС
ͼ֮ľꡣ죬Ҳ䣬Ů࣬üһĨɰ룬ҹѪ
ʥӣ
*
޺ֹĲ֮¡
Ԫھв֧
ϰҲ䡢ԱΪ֣սپΪϣʱ˿̣ȴ޷ˣΪʥŮһˣŲɱʿһʿ
ԭʥŮˡ
ǻʵ˽еʿźڰٶȽŮ
ܱ׽
ֻҪ׼ʱ
Żֹܵ--
㲻ķи棬ޱȣԪ˿Ҳȥ⡣
ֻڲͣ˼İ취
ʥŮĿȷ
;û̸Ŀռ䣻Ҳܿ;׿ѾʧЧ
䡣
¶ʥŮϮһƽشɱ壬лӰ͸
ˡ
һ֮
ԪӰԵƮҡ£ذ׵ȹ˿ɢˣɲɢѪӿ֣--
ſסΣ³һѪ
ʥŮһ֣ٶȸ죬Ӱ鶯Ʈݣ컨ɱҹǰ۵İ׹⡪
ɱ
ɱУԪܵصҲһˡ
Σʱ̣
谵Ƶ
ӳգ
ǳ
ȴһȦɢγɻɬķͼԪȦӰͼУʧ
̿쵽˲գۣ
ʥŮһա
޴Ӳһ޴ӣʯм䣡ǰ鲻˼Ҳ⡣
𣿡
ʣ˭


156 ƹ

޾
ʵ۴һдҴҾƵ, Ŀ, ɫ̫Ĵȥ
ǰд档
ĻӹáϢ, һλ̫ãڵǰ, ֪ôˡ
һӦѰֶ̫Բߡ
Ҵ
ڹ˶ȥ󡣻ʵȲǰ飬˵һ飬Ѱ
Ľš
̫Ųæӡ˼, ˵һ»ʵ۵Ϊ
ʵһ֮¸侲ôϵ飬ͻųûţ
ǻаԿԣ
̫ʵЩ̫ʹ졣Żʵۻţ춼Ҫӣķ
Ҳˡ
Щĸоκϸ΢Ĳ˳ĶᱻŴҲǽ, ʲô, ѹ̫ķʵӸʹ졭
ʵһҭ
û˵Ļʻء̫󵹵ĸףҲǸǿƵŮˣ䲻̫Ҳֻš
Ҳһ£û뵽, ľȻ顭
Ļӡ
ֱЩŭɶ
¿ȷе֤ݣ"̫סȻ˵һ, ҲǺ𾪵ģǸڴ
һЩ, ޿, ĵּ󡭡
ʵνο, ܲڿѨ硣
ֻҪȷϢʵʵ۱ץЩҲʲôˡ̫벻̬ׯصϣԵӺݻޱȡ
˶ˡ
̫û̫ƽʢļС
ġ
ʵ˵˶٣ĻӴʦ˵ˡ
̫ﵹ⡣
ţʦλȨأʵ͸ôˣġ͵빬µĽʱٽɣ
ڹ
ڱ˰Щ
Ͼ䱸ɭϣô뿪ģ޹ô˵Ҳ˽ﴦá̫ƽʢҪ͵
*
ʹ⡣
һûʵĸۡ
ƻͨȴЩƾƣǰЩѣԸû
޳¶һ£һĵùӶ
ЩȨӵܣȻ̫ôǰˡ
Ҳ˷ƣƵʱ²˳ͻȻû˶
ֻȾơ
һһĹš
£ٺˡ
輧V΢΢ױϣżֵǵɫûôϣ񲻶ɫĹ۲˼
ԣٺȥҲнʱ
бࡣ
ʥ壬޷ϻͯѪԵ飬ѲҪԵ֣Ҳսˣ޶ֻء
Ĺһھơ
輧Ļ˵ȥˡ
Ӿžҩøʷϻͯʼû˳Ĺһ١ٶĲۣǰ·У޷
ʶˣһʲôģ
ֻʲô
һ뵽һ;ǰ;޹⡣
ᡭҪԼ죻δ··ߣʧ־
仰Ȼŭӡһס輧Ĳӣ˵һ飡
ϲĳ輧
ð
Ҳһ档
V˵
ֻֻֿҪϡӿˮҹӨ¶飬ڽëϡ
ֻϣгһգܴȨգóԸ㣬ʧ־
δֹ
ˮױݡô϶̹ǡ
Ӷ˼ķһѽƿ
輧һӱˤڵϡҲûֻſСֹ
²ԴС跨ñ磬ֻʣµ㣻ֱ磬ϻ֮ͯЧشΣ
ӿVĿڱǰ˵ִ治Ļ
Ǵ治ҲҪ˵V£ƫŹʦʥŮѱҡ
׵Ķͷڵ̺ϣ΢ֹôһһ˵һ졭µǵ

輧ӹʦ˵ʥ壬ִʥ˵ʥ̡Ѫ֮£ʾҪõλֻжԻʵ۶֣ڶԻʵ۶֮ǰҪӳ
һҲ
Ӷ֮ʱ
ΨһĻʴѡˡ
Юл¡ǰ֮ıңֻΪδΪɲ֮֡
VĻЩЩҡҷ˵ˡ
ҲȫȻûȥ
ʵȷһߡԸͬĸֵûʲôѹġ
˵ȴѡЩꡣ
輧һơ
ӻ񣬶˼롣
˵


157 ֮
ҹ
ʯš
ǽһƬ
ѳ롣
֮⡣ûо, ҲǼѡڴصԭ, ֪һս⡣
ˡʧˮ֮󡣾ž, ֮ˣһ֮ıʣ
滨ͼ塣
˲ʱ
ڱó˯䣡
̶һ˲䡣
Ⱦѩɫ
糱ˮ
ʴʹ, 컨ٶȸ֣ɲӣ
ٶȱκһζҪ죡
ħĻӰһ˲䱻գӸߴֱֱ׹
, һɫкۣ
ͬһʱ䡣
ָΪ
ָϸƯڹǷɫ׵ò̫˱ŲԾʸ, Ӱɱ£ָһ, 貲飬ҫۣǧǳһ𣬰̺µһͷ˷۹
һжڼ˲䣡
ԶԶȥ
һǰһ׹Ӱ, ײһǣʯ, ķ˿Ե, Ʈִһаա
žսѱ߽, Դʱ˿, ֮ңɱûжսӦ
ֻ԰Ưָüģֻд
һŷ貲顣
žüĴбǧϸСиѪɫ֡ɲǼ両ֵϸۿɼӣΧԽ
ৣ
ʱ˲кâ֡
ͬһš
һΡ
âɢ
аޣȾѪͫ͸⡪
ںڰиëȻ
ӵۡ
ɲǼãʧ

Ӵ˿̿ʼ
ҲͬʱȾ⡭˽ͬ仯
Ѫͫ
ҹеĹ챦ʯ
Ŀġ˵ֱͬžž۾
ѿʼ˵ļ䣬ҲҵĿհסɱҲƫ˹켣׹ˮľž㣬һּΪĽǶȣܿɱУδ뿪ۡ
౻ԷӰ졣ҲƿĿ⣬ܵʧӰвҲҪԷϴ
֪ȥܾˡʵԷ˭Ҳûȴлݵɱ⣡
˭Ҳ֡
飡

˼ͬʱ׹ˮУǧ˻١ˮ𣡾ƫ켣ɱûˮУǿˮ׺ȻըɢһֱŰ
ѣˮʯˮ棬Ƿɻң
ɢģн֯âüȴŰΧ
֮
۾Ѿһѩ׵ĳ·˺ʱã۾ʹޱȵӣڵϢⲻԶĴ򶷣ȴͻȻֹͣһΪ䵽ϵʯӡˮƺӡ
ٵˮףˮɫǡδɢȲֹˮеľž뾰񣬶ѾȺǱ˰
ͬ
ԼӰԸ׼ȷҲһЩ
ڼ佥ʧ£˵ڵġĿġһЧӰ£᲻Ӧ䡣
ǵ
ڴ˻ϣ±һļ䡣
ʱ
ҲйĽ֡
ֻž˼ܣ鹹ġܱܵļڼңԹһƬģ
֮¡
žΪ򵥡ҲֱףӱӰ쿪ʼֱϴ䡣̶˶־ǳӰŽ

ͬ㶼ڣˣһӰ£鹹ֺļհס
ӵдߡ
־ԷǼ򵥡ᱻӰ죬Ƕʱ޷鹹ļ䡢ֲܰӰ죬񡭡
ʱԪһףܵӰ죬óס
ˮɢȥ
ʯǧٿײһٵѣ治ԭ
ڵҹ¡
ֻʣˮ֮⣬ţֽٹš
վڰ߾׶ӵˣƽĳ˼ɢ״̬ع
ɫѾȥ
˭ʲô£ʣڶʲôԶļ褣С߹ȥʱֱͷ£ͷͷͷۣ
ž㼫¿԰׵ϣ컨δѩȴȾѪ˿ɱбȫӰ졣
һǵѪĻ״̬ȾΣա
һͬħ˯ǧꡢȴԼĪǱŭ⡭
ĵɵɱ⣬ƾżֱŵһͷȥհ׵ԺҲĿֻ꣬ʱ뿪˵ء
ȵȡ
񻷹ܣڵˣ˸æϣҲΪͷ
žšҲûͣһҲǵµˣɲʲôó ˵Ǿ֮ء
ھǰʱͣԳ۵ģ

΢΢ƫһͷڵķ򣬡ǡ糣øС


158 ֪
ɿհס
һʲôҲ޷ʱֱ, ͳ۵ıݡ
ž㿴ǰڻվļ, ˼, ȴδ¶һ˿
㲻֪˭
Ʒʡƿ϶ͳԣȾһ˿аĹա
۾ʹ
Ŀ, ֱ治˭, Ҳ֮С
ڿ˭
û̻ش𡣶ͣƬ̺º͵طʣҲǵˡ
žûش𡣿ϵ飬ɫĻڸȥںҹмѷֱ档
˷
䲻ԡ
ȴɲ
󷽸ϵľȲ, أ
ž΢ܡ
仰
˶޼䡣ܾû仰, Ҳ²⣬ղôڵϡ
˵ֻˡ褲, ҲȻ˵һѰ¡һţɳһЩĪҵļ䣬, ˿ȫ޷
ȷе˵
м䡣
Щ־ãλӰ𼴲档
Լ˭벻, ǰĶˣܸоõĳ, סԺļ䣬һ˼ͷʹѡ
ȷʵֻˡ
žЦЦظһѶʵ, ڱ˴̽ἰ, , ˴塣
Χбѹ֡
֪ôһˣͻȻڡ
ƫᡣҲ죬˵滺Ȼǳ
뿴꾰
˽䱸뾯衣Ͼ˭Ҳ֪һĹϵ
ȾС
ɲǼصķΧֻڻˮš
ડ
ġܿվм㱻ЮƹأˣǡþǴܵˡԣģ
˵ɷ¡
·һзŲԡµɬӣ˻Ļ
褣ұЮ֡ظѯʣЩ̵ʹ
˫ĿʧƳأ˿ν׼֮Ƿģҽһץסˣ
褾۾ˣ˵ز˾
Ҳ֪ڸ˭˵
žջ˷ھϵĿ⣬Ǿ뿪˵ǰȥ
δҪҲ
ͬ뿪˵ء
վԭûæǰȥţϡ
лС͵ܡ
˾ȵס
ϡ
ֹû˵ʲôһǰһҹɫУٽٱص·ڣźѹѹĴԼĻѣ˼Ƭ̡
֪ˡ
褱ڰ
žҲΪ״̬ûֱǰһƬҶ棬˼ʲô
Щ˶ץǵġ
û˵ꡣ
ž㣺С͵ˡ
ð
δ䣬ѳԣһ󰧺ҽ
һХ쫷磬ɳʯ·Ӱɲ٣ȫɵԶĲݶС
ֻһ
ͣԭλϡδܲ𣬾Ѿϣæҵĳ졭
ͬʱ
ż
ץס
йٱӦ˴ӵڰĹʼżи׷
һС
ƽըһףһʱɳʯ

ܿ
Ҳ仪£ֻõ͵񱭡ѩɴһǾ·Ƿ
ǶžӨҹ顣
Ĺ¡
ΧЩ˵ĹŹֹ졣
žŷʹͷֻ֪һҪ顣
ĵĪš
Ҳûܺõȥ鲻ôٱΧ¡״ִ̬ƵҲҺġ
ĳЩ²⡣
£ԤϡٺõŲҲ⡣
һ·ֱײںܿ˦׷ֻһЩٶȣڽֵϡҲʻȺС
һ·ʱ
ͷ󡣡
ž䲻ֱķҲȷʵͨʦ
Ҿøߡ
ûӡֻԼǰͨͩԵķ򣬾ҪĶ
С͵ܿɷһΧʡھ΢΢ͣһм˼˵Ҿøұ֡
䲻ǵˡ
ȴԶԼۡڵλãжӵֱС
ž㣺ͷ󡣡һֱʹɳƵĴԡѾ˦Щٱǹ˼ϵĶ𲻱Ҫ鷳
³ˡ
ҲС͵ܣͷС


159 Щ
֮򴦲ͬ
Ӧ
εİӿ, ھ֮䡣˪ڿ, ˺, ûж䣬Ե£һһ仰, ëȻ͸ıѹ, Ļꡣ
ϳľҲˡ
Ȼһ·˵ĸоûۡܺദԼıʱҲȾ˪
Ĺ
˪ɫǳ

Ԫʦͩԣ, ҩ, Ъ¡ٽҹԼб, ҩЧӰ¡ԼʦڶûʲôģԺ˯ȥ
գ峿ѡ
֦ͷߴȸ
Ԫذɫѣױ̨ǰ, ҩĨϵļ˺ۡ
ָϸ, ʮ־ԡͿĨĶ˵ɢ
ʥŮʱˡ
ء
Ҳܲ
еӳ, һż㡢ŮݣɬдŲ̬Ĳ԰ɫü, ǳ, 羵ġ
һ
㲻Ͼһۿȥ, ȴ˾þޣζ
һѪ˺ۣҲϡЩ˺۵ʱҲƵǺǷ°̺ۣᾡܵĴһԼա
һкպҩ࣬ŻعžеԼƬָ̣ḧ
̫δ¶ݡ
·Щ̫ϰߵĸоߵˣͻȻ֮ȡܾ˵ʲôڵ
ɫñӴϡñǳǳӰ£ֻ¶Ų԰׵С΢΢͸ĹӰΪ˶һΡ


СԺ
ˮɫӳĴԱߡ
վһ޳Ӱ
ʤѩ¾ףɣվһȥ羪һƳᡣҶƹ΢ӿãã
֨ѽ
ű򿪡
Ĩذ׵ȹˮδȫſڣ΢΢һ١ԪǰĻ棬Щ⡣

ô
Ѿķ΢΢ɢʣڷֱߵȴʲôݣ۾ϵĺɫԵüͻأ
񻭱Ũīһʡ
Ԫ˲ǧ˼ת뵽ҹĶ뵽ʦĬʲôԭжԼ۾
ǧ˼
ٿʱһ
Ƶ
۾ˣ
һʲô׵⡣ҲûٰݹأǶҲûαװ
лģ޴ˡ
š
Ԫ˼ţ̨ףڼѷԺֻǶˣʦڣôһ
СŮҹ˯ñȽϳ֪ʲô
˵
ȷе˵Եʯ
ðȻţĪ֡
ȻȴܸоڿϣԽԵˡ
֪˼ˣʱ
ôʡ
ҹ˵أ˵˵Ľ̸У֪ʶϤʱ̽һЩ飬Էûиᣬֻڴ뿪
Ϊֻһڴˡ
Ҫ׷ݵҹʱɷ˵ֻͩУžڽֱ˳ԾкøУ˴˵ء
ʱ
˾档
ʥ֮ҲȾԾž·ɱʥ뼧褹ıļƻʥŮԪıɱĳ̶ֳҲ뼧褵ıΪԼĿĶСֻǣٺõļŲֲı仯
ʥ֮ȵŻָʧ˼ʥӣҲΪͷۣҹ˴һָ취
вļ褾ͱ¡ԪʦĿ̽Ϣȴ޹١
СŮҲ
ԪȻĻش𣬲ĵطͣм˼Ĵ
ԴЩ֡Ȼ˵ԣܸоó
⡭ϵĵҩζǼΪġƾζֱֹܷʹҩݡ
Ҳ̫ͻȻʲôۼ˼Զֹֻ۵Ĳҩֻߣֹֻ۵Ĳҩ
ˡ
ʣѰ£
΢΢һԼ˴µ˽⣬ȴҲЩɣ֮ԻΪ˵ƣΪʦ˵֮䲻졭
ʶ
ȻҲʶˣһʱѾ¶Ϊβ˵ƣ
ҲʲôҪ顭
֪ҹʲô
ԪʡƵŲ˾÷СȴʣڸۡҽҲû˸棬ľٶʵڹ쳣
褻ߵʯߣƾŸо󣬲̾˿ڼңһʱ޷
ô
һԪЩ¡Ҳ֪Ϊʲôʶ뵽˾ž㣬áž㽻֡
ǲ²⡣
ȷϡ
˫ۿǲܼ⣿κһ˿ϸ΢Ĺ˫۱þʹޱȡ
ȷȻԴ˽⣿
֪ԪĵȻǾžֱʡ˼ĹУ˵һ¹ڴ˹ƶ̽˼⣬ȷ⡣
⡣
ЩǣˡΪγٳû׷


160 ̸
ɢ
ƹ, ʱ, Ҷ, ڶ
Ԫ衣
ȼľ̿
ȡˮ
вˮζճе, Ϊ, ǶӦ֡
СŮ޲Ӧ˹ƶ˹ͫϲҹ, , ۶롭
˺Ҳδйı仯, нⷨûѰ˻еľʧ롣
Ԫ廹ϵˡ˵ţ΢٣Լһ, ͻˡ

ȴҲ
̸̫ž顣
̾̾Ϣ̲֮סĶػԪҲӶ, ºι̾
ֻ˼Ĵ, ̻, ùЦˡ
ŵЦ⡣ûа̻̲, ӡ
Ԫ²ؼһʱɽˮ·, һ塣˵ǰο, ˵һĵȻ׻
, ɵᡮһɫɣǾͽＪˡ
ûټ⡣
ܸоó֮ĽӦ޶Ҳ޶ϤһֱԹƣҲû顣
ɷ˵˵ҵ顣
Ԫ΢٣СŮԵ²Ϥ
Ǳ˵֪ġ
ǵĻӣռֻ褡
ЩѶϢ
ûıҪ
ԪҲͻش̹ȻйصһЩϤ֪Ҳѯдļ䣬ܲ࣬ȴٴԡ
һͬӱܹٱ׷ô
һ顣ǻݵĶȴȱʧʶʶ
ҲԭĲ²г롣
ԭΪʧ
ҲǾžΪ
ΪѾԼб䡣ָоǿң죬һҲԽԽࡣ

ʥӻҲͬŻľ档ž䣬ӦҲʥѲ˸ϵ
ԪﵭţһݺõĲƵǰ
ָԼһˮůš
л
褸оǰĲ裬Ҳŵ嵭㡣
ºȵϰ߾ͺá
Ԫǳ൭ȻĿ˼ӣҹǳ
ƲҹĴ ǼϾž㣬ĳɹ֡ϾùʦǹΪҲҪ㹻ɣܶ֡
ʥΪƳ֡
֪˵ݣ
Ĺʦ
褿ķ򣺡ͫƵˣƷʡƿ϶
ǰźɫУʲôҲڱʱԻֱ͸Ŀⶢס
Ԫûش
ǲµ뵽ˣҲ̫⣬λҲỳɽֳˡ
ľ͸ˡ

Цһ£ȴûټ⡣Ѿ²⣬Ҳо˵Ȼټ
ʱ䣿
ԪΪôʣæ
һ¡
µ˵޷
һظۡɫĿЩǸĽͣڵӣ治÷ʵڲС
˵΢٣ﲻ㣬Ҳûϵ
Ҫȷһݣ⣬ԽܣΪʧȥļ䣬۾ҲҪ촦
Щһ֮
Ԫ΢΢ĬƬ̺󣬡áͻظ˳·ʦһۡ
Ҳ֪ݣ˿˿Щ顣

ֵм
Ԫżװļ丮ۡȥ
һŵĴɫ
ȺЩֻۣԪñӣñѹЩ֮ͣ˿ɢ˳ڶߣֻ¶ŵСڵøס
褴ŰɴҡΪͨѰİɴһ󲻷ڲ٣˶ڰɴ£ֻܿ޳ӰݡҲͿ۾⡣
һ·ϡ
ߵñȽ
ԪҲֻ÷Ų·
δۡ
һ ½ֱ߳͡ǵǰĿڼϣЩڱܵԥ
Ԫǵͣ뼧˵˾ʲôһ£ͣһˡ
ԭȻ͡
Ͳýͻظˡû뵽ǣڰ½ȷ˼褵ݺ˵˾䲻ܹ鸮
ɫ˾䣺Ϊʲô
½ͿԪû˵ܻ֮ԡ
ԪҲô⣬ҲɫʱԣСŮЩ£ȸˡ

ֹ ȴûʲôɡ뷴Ҳ֪طѰһ±УЦҲգлУߡ


161 ȴʲô
ϷʥŮ, ֪ô˻ʵ۶Сûִ, ҲѾȥˣʵǶŭ, ѵһٺڸδó
ӻȥԹķ
󵽻ʵǰҲáڳľûʯ, Ҳί, ʵ۲ɿҲûа취ֻûȥȰӡ
뿪
²¶˵
ϸ, 檱ؽݺ, ˾ٲʥŮ, ˱¡
ʵЩͷۡ
ˣҲ˵, ҲҪúùܽűʲô¡
֪ġ
þ, , Żʵ۾ͷãӯӯƵʵΪŶͷ
½յľ, Ų̫, Ҫ̫ҽƣ
ǡ
ˣʵ˵û˯áǷ̫, ˯òôȡ
ھ޹ǵָĦ£ʵ۲ŽһЩҲû˵ô, ûñڴͨ, ĵ
ʵˡ
˲žһЩ
ѯչ
ǰ¶
ʯͷ
ҹ빬ٲýҲ빬Ļ, ȴٳû빬, ûʵЩ˵ǡ
δʱ
ʲô
һ»ɵӣʱƼѰγָĲ²Ѱ
ڽصϢûҲĻӵĻɲ²һ¥˷ɱȥΧˣץˣʲôҲûʳ
ץҲҪԱԷȻ׼ѰѲ֪ܵ˺δѰټҪʱ䡣
ʵҲסˡɫ΢˴Ļ빬ȴ֪Էδ鸮

ĳƫƧĽ
һµѰլԺڡѾ͵УСԼҹλ֪ʲôʱ뿪Ҳ֪ʲôʱ¹ӡ
䣬Ҫ˼ˮһֱûг
뿪ʱзԸùҲóȻǰա
µķ
żɽˮī뿪ĴйӰϸ΢ĹӰ
ܰ
·ûһ㡣
һּ͵ĸо
ϷһɫĻӰϥ۾ԪһȻڵϢԪ
Ϣܰ״ҲѾʧˡ
ټǷֻǺܲ԰ס͸аԣɺÿ˵Ļȡ
Ӱµ
һϮϹסһħ˲ŵΣϢ
һ
Ҷ˳Ű뿪ĴƮڰĲˮһƬϸ΢ˮ
þò
ʱһһĹȥ
ѳбžҲ۾żŵķÿһôİ
ȴ֪ΪΡ
ʲôǣ¡
ʲôҲǵõ£ѰﲢĸоҲ䵭ˡ
´

ÿһÿһʲɴʲôЩոµļҾߡЩѾеĹӣȫްӡԡ
ĵ˿ƮڴòӦٴȥ
뿪
ʦ
һƬŵƽʣƮ̡ݻϲ죬һԵѾ͸ǣ¶еĻЦ
Ͼϲ¶йʦ˷Ըõ⼸նʻЩ
Щ·˵·Ǿʱ˵Ŀʽͬɫ볡ϴıŪˡ
֡
ˣЩͷΣ˵·˱Ƚϲŵġ
æµš
һĨذ׵Ӱ֣ϢǱеԪһУԣ޷ݵĸӡ
±øо⣬ϾʵѾּΪΣٱҪġһֱû·ϡûԼУڴ˵أšţһһУԼйصо
һ
һɫľ䵽ġžƯľ΢΢Щˡ
ֱ˿ĽŲջ񣬻ӰһΣƷƣҵֻΪһιʱѹȣͣžԺ
𴦵ϲ죬㰲Щķûˣ¯δȼοյĻƱ䣬ֻвĵš
ҲûлȻڸ̱ȾƣǰټҲޡ
š
ǰˣҲ뿪ֻ˼ţһҹδδȥ
Ӽ褵״δ̫صˣӦΣա
Ͼ
ʧȥ˼䣬Ҳվ
ʱš
⽥͸ѤĲϼƹ⡣Ԫ˼˳ɨտӣٴȥʱ俴ɫ飬һţϸϸĺš
û롣
ûأȡֻǶɫľŵϡ
뿪


162 
ӱ㡣
ڻʵ۸ǰú, ֻûͷȥȰԸıӣ˷, ҪƢ, Ȼʵˣûˡ
ýȥ
ԻʵԹԣˤ˺üĲߡ
û취
ΨһľǲԺźˡЩڲԵڻȥ
Ժ˺ܶࡣ
ò
Ǽ֡ĵ, ЩݵСӹ˶ӣȻúһɫ
ܡ
ƫϲ
Ϊĸ, ҲϹ̫һԺӵݺݺϳȥ, ֿĵȰӡʱ, ֵ, Ҳӵľ˾
λֳĹϵ㲻Ҳʱ빬лҳ˽һ¼飬Ӹۡ, Ǽе顣, ǵǰ, ߻һ˴ˡ
һ֮¡
֪һʿ
ֳʿΪҫ, ֮Ϊ, ἰ֮ˣؽӦӡ
û̫ס
Ҳֳ֪ݵһֱ, ŽЩƷζɫ΢΢Щˣֳ븸, ׻Ϊ˳ҩ, ЩȲˡҪˡ
ԡ
˵֡
ͱһҲĴˡ
ܵĵķ, ȴ˫۽ĸĻԹþ˾˼˵ȥ
ʥָ̨档
Ըʷҩϻ̫֮ͯӵ鲻ˡԺλ˭Ҳˣļȴ޷ɽ⡣˾˴ļƻνǽ֮ǣ
õ
ʿ˿϶Ļش
Ӷʱ˷ˣ
Уô죡
ֻҪ˳øһ󲡣鵤ҩҲֲϲʶλĸ֮顣
Ͳôҩ
ͻ¿ʼǻλ̳ˣ
˵Ӷֲֳ˶˵һֵ£׹֮ļƻпʼС
һС
ϤӵĶСιĳ輧һˡ
鲻
ų輧ֳоơ£ɫĳ̺ůƵƱ
һŷ롣
ֽס󣬴һۡж̶̼֣Ц
Ҳ
輧ɵʣ˸ˣ
ǰйᣬĿǰٲѾŭץ
輧Цڶˡ
һϢӸ
תۡ
䵽Ʒľţ㽫֮۷¯ճɻҡ
֮󲻾á
һЩϢ
ʵߵ̫ھ԰ʱü˽ۣ˵ִʱ˵в֮ģб֮£к°Σ飬ԴﵽñԸ¿ѡλ̳˵Ŀġ
طҽӵĹ˺
̫Ҳҽ£ͷС˵˻ʵʱڣκη紵ݶʵ۲ɣϢĵһӦǲš
뵽Ļӵ飬ҲĻǰᣬʵ֤ǰȷ棬Ҳٲɡ
Ƕ˽Ӵ빬
ˡ
Ӱйʿ׹֮֮ľܣ
ʵðûл
ǰһĻӹǰһӹʿԹʹ֮Ͻ׹֮ңǽɵĴڡԼĶӣͿֿµĵز
̶
뵽ҹ˯˯ȣжţѵԭ
ٿʱȾŭ
Ϊβ˵
Ȼڵϵ
¸ϵش󣬶ҲŪԩ磬ųٳû˵븸ʶᡭ
飡
ʵ۾ˤֱߵıӡ
᣿
Ҫô᣿
һ鶼ͱӣ
Ϣŭ
Ӽ˵ʮֳϿңΪǸڵصǫƣûʵɫĶ˰

ӽ
ȺһǴ̫ҽ빬һҹȵԭ򣻶ǴʥŮǵУҲܿʲô׹֮Ӧнⷨ
ŭŭ
ҪӦľ

主ûʵķ
еļҾߡװ񶼼仪߹ŵɫ̴ľϣ޹ڰķƿ
齼ϵľˮˮζСʳһһС滻ŮһʱϢĶŶȥ
žһϮԡվǰ΢żϵǶɫ˼С

仨
ֱһҪѶϢΣʱ˿̣޷֮κ
ӣˡ
µѽһ࣬СطŵϡⲻۼԼһۡ
֪Ƿ
ܾԼӺﲻ̫ԡ
һ΢Ļ졣
޳Ưָ£һɬŮգ¶۽һ룬˿ķ顣


163 븴
ϵŮ
ò, ü, Ƶһۿȥ˵ϡ
ž㿴Щ档
ֻϵˡ
һ˵ϤСʵ, ҲƺΪչ
ƼԼ΢Ц⡣
̲סѣӣ鸮ǱϢ˵ҲС, ¿Ҫˡ
Ϊһܽ˴ء
ӡ

Ҳ
ƷʡȤظ仰
µûʲôŻĽɲ, ЩͰܳʲô£˵, ӲȥСôҲû˵ͼʱס
һԼӡ
, ͶԼЦЦĿ⡣İ, а
Ҳʲô
˵æŹСЩӹ֬׷۲һ, ܴѰŮӵķ, ڶС, ϶ôã¾ãСҲĵġ
˵
˾, Ҳ֪, ضСˡ
žôۼʳ˲Ϣ󡣶ԽҪȢλС˲֪ԷôԸޡ
˵
Լȥˡѵûʲô뵽ǳ桢ܲ֡ޡ
οˡ
ˣ, һ¡
žѾ, ̬, ΪԼһ, Ʒţڵ㴼Һζλ˼ԼʵϤС
ͩ׳룬һŮӡĻӡ
˵ţԼҲںҲ²⡣Ļӳͩ߸һŮŮʵضСơ
Ϣ
ڶᾭ߾ž㡣Ƕ֪ضСóݡŮԿݺܶ࣬ؼСݣҲǼٵġ
⡣
ֽڽеļƻ֮չҲ˵һ顭
º
žеľƱŻϵ˼İһɫ顣仪ɫĵ޳ָҹ»ʢŵϾ

Ԫ뿪ʦ
΢Ļһװ磬԰ɴ棬ǰ̡ʱ˵Ĺ£һֳ̣ҡݽȴδ֮£ʦ壬ãЩھǵ̣Ǵӹؼֳġ
Щ̵ˡ
ݹؼº˾飬½뾩ݵĹؼУҲˡһҲ֪飬ǹؼҴүү̫ἰϾռ˹ؼеĲֺ
֮⡣
ѱ鲼ھǴСߡһʱģʽЩؤɿΪߣ棬֮ռָϢپɸѡ¼ڲᱣ档
ܶϢ
áòϣҲõġԪ˱ΪԼҪϢ˵ҪķָһܣйصϢ
ã֪ˣȥɡ
ǡСʲôԸܽҡ
æһϢˣֻ¡뾩ЩԽԽߴĽǶȣּʶҲԾԼʱͬաҲǸԱòۿ˵İؤꡣ
ǣСǰ
ԼҸоãۿ˱ܵľηв˵˼
űϡ
߱Щˡ
ҪɫҲڰˡ˵ƣźЩԪ߹ȥóһ΢΢
һǼ¼Ϣ磬ճȥԼʲôˡȻҲֻڴͥ¡֪Ϣܵľûˡ
ԪҲûҪ̫ܣڿ⣬Էľݾ档
ڴԽλӵϢĹûеõ̫õϢֻһЩѶϢһӷŻؼʱɫѺھˡ
˵ơ
뿪
ûţһʱʩչṦһţգʧںԺǽ⡣
תͩ
һ·ϣ˼ŵõѶϢһҩáҩ̣ǿǵһЩҩӵ׾˾ˡύһʿʿھ¥˹л䣬óزñ
ЩѶϢ˿ûʲôá
ԪȴǼõġߵģȻǴʥɢ;ˮɽύʿ䣬زͬһ࣬ⲻ˶룻ھ¥ﱻ˹лж˿
š
һ֡
Ԫصʦסʱ
ȴ⿴һѾ뿪ˡ

ʦҲڣʯǰšϲһյ£ʱҶƮ˵¡
֮ͫ˫ۣˡ
иõİ취
˫ĿΨһΡ
ԡ
;ˮ


164 ²͸
Ԫ߽, Ҳǵ̸ЩԥǷҪʱ, ʦѵһˮ, ֻ߹ȥл
ʦ֡
мڳûнг
ʦ𵭵һ
߶ŵˡ褵, Щ˼ᡣ
´ù߱ɡ
Ԫ, Сĥ, ʦΪλ;ˮ
Ͼ, Ӵӵľٶ, Ѳ³;ˮº⡣
˵İ취һ, ֻǡͣ, ǽͫ, ĳһĪչ⡣
ҪȡҲ¡ʦƽ, , ûκʵӰͶϣʱҡšǳǳһ˿صš
ԪĬĬˮ
Ԯ, ĳм
;ˮǺ
˵, ĳ˫ۣ亱鵤ҩ, һ˵ζҲһ˿޵ĵЦ⡣
Ԫ, ˵˵;ˮĿ
Ԫ΢٣ǣ䲻ʦֽƵϣ԰׵СϣҲް˿˼;ˮȻκδ벡ʹＫطˣˡ
Ҳ̫ʦһʵ塣
Ƕش
Ҳ
˼ȻҽΣظãڿڡ
ʦòűвҶƷһڣܷƣԼ
˻ν⣿
ˮ̺ǧ֮壬ҲܵӰı䣻֮ܽһ֮ܽ塭֮ʱ̡֮
š
г
ʦ𣺡ˣԾƽƺ۶ԷĻشʲôԡҲû̫Ӱ졣
棬Σٲ˼ǵç򡣡
һԱߵԪ
ĬĬţܲ˵Ͳ˵˼ĥţʦԼ褵̬ȣЩ̫һ
Ϊ
ʦһദˡҲԸദˣȴ۾
ֻߣδ͸Ŀġ
Ƿ˳ɹ
С
Ҫν֮
塢־ˣȱһɡ
ܴɣĳҲһԣ˼ӳɣĳҲһԡ
˵ûƽֽʯĻǡ
ܺá
ʦƽȴһ˿С
ڽ̸Ļ
ɫҲ
ּҹѽһ˿⡣
ǡ
ʦʯǰûֻ롣
ĵСԺֻʣԪ֡
Ԫá￪ʱʦһƽؿڣõͫƵĽҩ
Ԫ΢΢һ٣á
褼ȱһС
ʦΪζ
ܽΪȱ˳ߣҲպ£Ȼãʦڹעˡ
ߡ
Ѿѡ
Ӳоγ֮ģΪҲɣԴ̸£е緶
Ԫûܽϻ
ʦô꣬ǵһˡ
û˵
ʦֵû𣿡
Ԫɵÿһʦ𣬡ûСЩ²͸ʦ˼ˡ
ʦԡ
ŵϡ
ɫƽûʲô仯Ҳ̸¡
ȥɡ

һ档
˵ʵ¶ŭ̫ҽΣûʲôԭֻܰͰ͵ʥŮ빬֮죬ܿǷ˰׹֮

ʥŮڴ峿
ŴŮ빬١ʵвãнǡԷϾʥŮ٣Ҳžǿݲȥ
Ҫ֮¡
ʥŮĿӴҴҸɨԷ޲Уػĸ֣ȷ¡
ʵ۵ĳȥ
ӵȴչԭģʥŮӰ쵽ļƻǰ׵ˡ
õ˽
ʵ۶ʱסˡԴŽɫЩӸۡȥ
ͻȻ
˸ۡѾʼʱ˯Ӳŵ֪Ϣû·ѵûʵĽŶ룬·䵹ѡ
ˣֱǷˣ
ӻЩû״ŭɶֻһƷ˿ϵȳ¿㣬ܵһԵļϳҪնɱ
£Ƿ˱ּš
ӿ
ĻʵÿһĻŭ

һŭҲס
ϵ˶ŵùӡɪɪ
ӿĸҲסˡ
ʱ
˽£ҵˣ
һɫСװһֽˣƹӡͷᣬͷʺס̶ں
ӿǸɫˡҰ׵˲ѪɫȫޡҪǱҪԼ
ʣҽͣⲻҡ
Ӳ
˶Ӳšѻŵ¡
ôֶ丸ʣ
һߵһæӹǸСױƵ͵ʵǰʣ쿴
ʵֻһۡ
ͱòٿڶۡڷָָӰԡ
㡭㣡


165 ʵ۴ŭ
ӷѳֽż, лʵ۵Сֽ»ʵۿ, ͣǶǰա
һҧݺ, 
ûô
·һ
ϻءֻҪĸ֪ˣһġ಻ܵ, û¡
ʿܿͱץˡ
廨͵ʵ۵ǰ
һ¶֪޲, ֻܻһոģˡ
ŭɶֱǱŭְٿĪ, ܻ֮, ὣɱʿ
ӡ
в´ĺ, ɱڣ
**
ŭеĽƣȥ
һ־硣
ʵźˡײſ, , ʵ̫ʧˣ
ʧ
ʹޱȡŵķŭôҲ벻׵ı
ĶӰ
һֱԺĶ
ֶأ
ӻڲ԰硣顢ԼûΪʲô, ƻſʼͱʷˡ
˻ûһ˿
֤ȷ䣬㻹ҵЦȻ׹֮丸ʣֱǳ, Ϊģ
Щ
ʵ۵ĶǻϽ͡ӵĿ⣬һİ⣬ּ
жݵԥͣ, , һгƺ, ӴȨ͵ظǽȦ
۾һ˲
ॡ
˵ϣص޵
ӳ׻ˣ
ʡ
ͨһعڵϣľͼʵתߣƺˣ
ˣҲˣ
ʣ֪ˣ֪ˡҪȦǱ˽ģǱ˽ģ
Ѿ߳ĻʵۣԭĲ̡ԼǷˣ˵ԼǱʱɫ׳
˵ԭһ˿ԥġ
Ҳɢˡ
Ƿ񱻽ܸı䣬ѷʵ
ʡ
׷ȴסû˹˼ɣҲݣһȭӴõز
ʹ˸ɫ
Լ˽Ӱס˺βסһͨŴ˴Ҵ׷ϻʵ۶ȥ
ֻһӷĿġ
Ծõܼƻ
һĻλʵȴǰĻӣʻɣǧѷĻᡣ
ڴӡ
һ򾡣ûˡԼ̫¶Լʱһûвġ
Ӻܿ׷ɫĻʵۺ󣬽ӵ˵ĻӣʾӶ˶ˣǰĻӱȻ
˵ԭ
ʵۻָؼԿκһΣø̡
ڰʾĻӸͼлʵ۵»뿴ЩӾж治
ڻʵۡӶǰ뿪ʿפصӸΧסڲ׼κ˳Ѿ޺һѣƽĳڣֿȴҿֺ
ͬʱǿʼ͵שʯôʯΧӸΪΣ
һȦ㽫
ҴҸ
ѱǽΧһȦӸǰһڣЩε˵ϣ

һ档
ʵĻӸ
ûʲôˡһĻ˲࣬
½һ㣬з뿪ˣµĶЩѰˡ
δӾȲԺ
Źڻӡ
ʵֻԽԽһһģǰй᣻һ壬ץЩ֤ޱȡֺγǶֵ֮䣬Ѫ飿
һϴ󡭡
ʣ
Ӱûȵʵ̲סߴ١ʵһ˲俴ĿЩ˺⣬ɵһ£Ҳɶͷԡ
ô˵
ĻӵĸۡҲˡ
ܿ죬һӻӲҲСڻԻ͡
Żʵ۵ٴδ򿪺󡪡
¶һոµĻɫۣ

ӻӵסѳۣʲôԣ⾪׵һĻ
ڳ˸ԡ

ʵ۾׼浱һĻʱǾ׺䶥ģ
ʹļ֮ࡣ
һŭ⡢ֱϾ
ˣּ⡪
ӵԥʵ۵նŭвһ˿ı䣡
Ļӹǰͼ췴֤ȷ䣻𣬱֮λϣΪ񡭡⣬̲˸Ҿù鰸
Ķӡ
ҪҲգ
ͳΣ贫Уǧʢ֣֮


166 ѻ
ֵмϡ
ٽֵʳ, ӯšһϢİ, Թ˳ŶĽŮӶ
ߡ
һꡣŶһɴ, ݣһΣѹȸС
ǰɵЩûûε, и, ȴҲʲôû˵, ϣһֱȥ, ûʥ̡Ҳûʥַ֮Ų
Ϊʲôԣ⼦ȣ𣿡

ϧȻּļȣڴ̼»ָȴʧ˼, ޶ȱִֹ飬ȫΪģһ֮ϲ, ʥ֮Ҳܲסûа취
һûס
˳ֻþ, ӽͷľʳԵβ·С̯ڼ, ʥŮԪ޹йݵĽ̸
̸ݡ
Χŵҹ褶Ͼž顣
ǰδʥŮйӴʶ, ҲԼ²⵽ԷݣǶû̸ཻʲôȴԼˡ, жӶ桭
ʥŮ뿪
ƺо粻Ǻܸ˵ӡɵվ, Ŵսȥ, ƿĻɴһƣ硭
δꡣ
΢ֹ
Ŀ⣬Ҳ΢΢ԽĻɴ䵽мһӹٱΪŭľӣдһ˿Ŀף
ԺһЩ֧ļ䡣
һ˲䣬ƴճһĻĻ档
ǽڣȾѪɫĻıӣĽѪ⡭
ɱ

Сܣ
ʱɽšеǣסҪȥľĿҲ֮ȥ
һ۱㿴ӣ
΢Ļɴ£ͬȾȺɫ
񾡹ܱסˣŽԶӰԽԺĻԽԽ࣬Ҳϵɱ⣬ԽԽǿҶԣ
ΧһС
̶ܵͬȵӰ졣ľм룬豭顣
Сܣ侲㡭
ץסһʱҲйǵӰѾʧȺͷʹѣɱ죬Ŀԣһͷɫ˿ҷ

ջһʹŭȣ
鼫ʹ࣬ͷھ塣ΪԲģصըһף
һ٣
ܵ˿ͻұӣʯ䣡
Ƭҷ籩ġ
ȴֱƽ磬ɱһˡԽߣʮöôȴҲһ˿塣
濴˿
ֿ˿Ѿʧķ
á
Ǹˡ
ȷʵô

һ֮䡣
ӱǽȦ
ĻҲŰͨ
ľ棬̶ʱ췭ظı仯Ϣܿٹˡƽգһۡ

ЩϢ
ƶԹʦûʲôӰ졣ʱ֣˸߸˳ҵ͸Ĺâůůҹ£컨ףûʡ
谵Ľ
ԪĿһУԥҪȡͫƵĽҩƱҪ븮
Ѿˡ
Ϣҹ漧һʱͣʱá򲢲ʲôܵ飬ʱδܿҲ֪һЩϢ
սҵĳþơĿꡭԽԽˣ̨ϣĿǰҲֻʣӡ
褻Ϊ
ʥ̡ʥŮһ塣
භȻھһ粨
ҲƬ粨֮УΣķһ֮в֮վͬһߡҵľƣҲֱ֮ʣҲǵ
ʦ֮ԡ
ҲΥ
˼ˣɵ΢΢̾
뿿ԭ
һ--
ϳҹܾ߲ˡ
ûϳҲòȥ
ԪĿĺ컨ͣƬ̣ѡϢûǱʦʱ˿̣Ӧδط䣬Щƶҩڵķ
˼䡣
ѻһưĲӰ븮ۡڡһºڷ䣬ڵĴ·㲻ϤȴҲ˽ġ
Ȼһ·컨ʶС
ܿԪҲ£Ƭ̣Ǳ˾žԺӡ
Ժ
߻Ҳʡ
ûѾڡҡҷĵӰ£ΧһУϲȴҲ
žƺԺԪ΢һ֮࣬ϢŽûеƣһĨҹԣϲΧȴ䡣
䵽Щˡ
ܶһЩ񻨾ӵļӡ⡢ȴйɵΰڷţһЩ鼮֮⣬಻ͬʵصġƿƿ޹ޡ
Ӧıǡ
ܲȫУҲ㹻Ѱҡ


167 ޷
ĹӰ¡
һпΪšҲЩʲ, , ҩ֮伫տ¡Ԫ߹һżӼ䡣·ͥһ㡢ɫ, Ŀϵ£ɨһ㡢һҩƿ
Ŀ
С
һ©
Ѱҵͬʱ
ҲĶܿ, Ŀһм۴СƿϣСֽ, Ȼдšͫ֡
š
˼ĹУ΢ζһ, ȷҺ壬ο, СĵڱǼš
ζƺԡ
ɻ
콫Сƿԭλͬʱ, Ӱһɢٶȿ쵽ʧķ򣬶
һ롣

εƿûаϢһǳǳůӰͶ
ڰԪ΢΢ǽ, ӰӲסϢ, 档ĽǶȣ, ȴܸо, һƬа⻬, żʱ, ϸ΢졭
̶
ԽԽġ
ֱһĨɫӰӰһҩ̴ľ񻨼ӣ̫Ҳᱩ¶ֻҪת߼ͻῴ
Ԫʵڲ뱻֡
ϢѾһֽûеĳ̶ȡϰ֮˶ԣһʱпɣǽȴЩͷĿѣ
ƿҩ
⡣
⡣
ˣʹһ̵ľ֣֪˻ȡҩһ֡
ˡ
ʲô߻ǵʲôصʦȻٶ˽⡣˽˾ƣȻһӦ֮С
֮䡣
Žľžڵȼյ󣬲תķȥұϣ鿴ΪȻƺֻѰʲôҩĶѡ
Ȼ
ӰǳɫӰȴˣ
ԽﾪһӶ


˿һ˲𣬻ϣӰһֿ쵽գ۵ٶȣ̧䡣й磬¶ذѩֱۣϸָϣһ
Ƕ֮䡣
ֻһҩƿĵ̴ľӡҩܺأҩƿߣӾžĽǶȿȥֻܿ˲԰ӳĲӰƿԼͷҩƿ
ƿڡ
ҩ۾
һΪŹֵ֮𿪣ԼŪĶžҲòݱâֻһѸٶ̧䣬ѽϮҩ۶
һҩܺĻɫӰҲôһһƽԷ
΢
ЦЦ顣
ǰΣջɫʢӣڻˣҲΣն
ƽǶȡ
ԽԪκܶ··ȻԪҲûôֶ飬ƽʱĿһҩϡ
涯ǼҩƿꡯɫĩɲȥɴӣҲȻ𣬽Ӱڣ
ͬһʱ䡪
һɫӰ缫磬Ŵ۵ĹҫʵʣĳɴӰȥ
ֻǽ
ȴȱѰΪΣʯԪܱܿǡֵܵסҲסָɱ
ৡ
ָĽ⣬ǹâϸ΢һҲۣδӴɴɢϸСӰɴϻһӣ
£пƽƵĲɴǹǰŹ
ҲΪɴƵĽǶȡǡô¶ں֮˵ġ۾ûоšûк£ƽüۡӣҹﱻǳƯ룬΢΢Щʧ
ڣûĽɱƫ˹켣Ʈķ˿
Ҳն˼ط˿
--
ǽϡ
ɵʯмľУһȱڡʯڼľİļӲǽڣѾȫ͸ԿڵľһƬ仪ûʵ䣬̴ľΡο¯Լ
ǶƯ
֮ɴ飬ѩ㣬׷
ԪɱнʱûɱԽǽӦʱ̧־һƴȻҲֻһΣʱӰһԱߵҩܣץסһǳɫСƿߡ
ǡ
žΣյĹâһţЦҲЩģȻȴ˵Ϣд͸ȻĿŵľٶǵˡ
˾ߣδ̫ûˡ
һֱԪӰȥ
ſڵԪòܿһáͷ㡣΢ٵĻֱѾ֡
žĻشԽϸֵЦҲԽΣ̸϶ŭƷʣڱС
Ԫ֪ȥ˼˭Ҳһ̶Ҫٿ;ͬʱа׹է֣״İɫ
ʥŮԪ޹


168 ٻ
ʥŮ֣
ɱ
Ԫ, ȴԥ, Ӱ˲伲ˡƷɲǼɢۣ쵽޷׽ٶȣ
Ѱп
һɫĲк, ιžǰХյ˲, ֻҹ黪ΧҲðЩ
ӰӰ´
ֻ, â, Ǽ޲ҩʱ
һŨ
Ӿžɢ
˲佫һƬܼĻ𿪡
ͬʱ, ӰҲٴ뿪ԭ, һѹԪȥ
ͬʱ
ʥŮһ裬ͣ, ֮ʣֻǻסҩ˺, ˼ſڿûٲ֡
ǿԡ
⿴ľƷչֻǲ²⣬ȴѿ϶, ǰž㽻ֵĻŮ, Ȼ
ܸıݡ
ģ, ֮𣬵üۼ, ȴϡ˼ϤӰӡ
ÿնžԼʱǰѰϤüۺۼ
Ҳѹ, ʱһֱûҵˡ
ʥŮЩͬʱ, ԪҲžƻ˽ѾЩͷ¸

һҩƿˤ÷顣
ײҩ, ЩͷΣҩζ, ζ̱ζԼһɼΪŨ塣
̶ʱ
Ѳ֪˶ٹŹҩԪ壬ȴƺûжӰ졣
٣ˡ
Ʒ硣
ɲϮ
Ԫ΢΢ܿûлУеڳټȥ
΢
ǰɫŻıʸУ߲Х
顪
һ졣
Ƕ±ͱٵòǽ壬Ȼ͸ů£ž۵ɢɫķ˿˳ĵͬڰѵħ
Σա
⡣
һѲǽ嵹ͬʱѸٵѨ
һС
ֻڵʯһ˲䣡
ԪܿһơȻδɢֱˣڱѨܶ£˾ôȥ
ںڵķ˿Ʈɢ
۾ȴڿ簵ҹǳƵɫֹˮм¶˼֡
ǡ
ּһ̣סһһײ뻳С
ЦЦĿ΢΢ֻΪпŭ⣬Щ˵С
ǰ˵ʦΪλʧһ¡
ʥŮ𡣱ƽյͣһ˿ǺԵȻʥ壬ڶУ׾ٴ۸ĶԷļ䣬е䣬ȻԺ
ž㿴ŻˡĿδƿҲû˵ȴڲɫš
ֻʹ֮ǰȿ˵ӦĿģЧʥŮ˵仺߽
žʣ˭
ʥӡ
š
ž˼ַſԪͬʱһˡ
̫ء
ԪǱˤڷһص̺ӣβЩĲܡˡ

ֻǽ̸ѿ϶ȷʵôǵˡΪסѨַܽ⡭
֪ʦô
Ŷҵľ⣿
ѯʡҲһ˿Σհصľ档Լѵֵﱻ˿ӡ
ֻʥŮʼգҵĿģҲĽ֮һߣʦŵҵ
΢٣ԣ֪ʦ̸ĽףǷֻҪңһΪʦҵ֮ˡ
ʥŮ˵Ļ
ԪǹʱҲܵ漰Ʈ䵽ϵĻ֮УѲĹؼҶС㡭
ڴ֮ǰ
ҲǰԺ̸Щ顣
Ҳҵϵˡ
Ԫ˵ʱ΢΢Ѫ̫ͨԳٶۡ
žڶʱڳѨЩ⣬Ŀⲻɫϣû˵ȻЦݡͬĻȴȤ
ʦѾܵӰˣʥŮһԲѵǼ褵ˣĻӣͷΪȡҩ
仰
þž㿴ԪĿ΢Щ֪˭ȷǷʶֻǳڱܵĶһرУһȴΪȡҩ
ʥŮΪʦǲĽ˽ңһʱΣ飬뵥̸̸
ԣ̫ãʱ伴ɡʱҲ๻ˡֻҪȡ;ʱ㲻òܻصʥ¶һУ
žû̻ش˼ĿԣƤ£ֻҪ뿪Ӧ޴󰭡


169 ٻТ
һǽ֮
ȴ硣
һû, , ůɫһӳա
Ԫ, ڳ̺ϣЩģ԰׵ݣĹӰ, Ⱦһ㵭糺ɫ
ܸߣ, κ֪顭
Щ롣
һ谵ǽһƬ, ҹ黪ܡ
ʥŮԶԶվƮɴ¡ɴͶǳǳӰ, ʹȹѩҲȾޡ
ȥڷŻɽʥŮ, ʮ, ǵѣŮó, Ļ, һߣ뽫ҳˡ
֮䣬󵼡
һпֵܳıԪ˵Լǻϵ, Ҳܽ
žվڻ谵Ľ紦Ĺԡůâ֯ϡŵӰһ˿ءϾ, Ȼûб仯
޷͸˼
κ, ˾, ʥŮ֮жǰȡҩԪɿġ
Ҳû̴Ӧ
Ȱ˴
ڵȻ˵
ʱ, ʦδⲻͨ顭ʥŮ̾Ϣ
ž𪿡ϣаȣϴһ˿ĵЦݣЦģȴߵѹɢ
Ӧ
Ѿиı䡣
Ԫתȥһŵķһߣһְ̧̫Ѩ״̬һ룬Щ˵Ŀڸȡ
롣
Ҳ֪ʲôŹֵҩ
ݡ
һ
âϸ⣬ϵķ˿
˿Ʈ䡣
Ԫ漴ͣ½ŲСŮȥʦȻϡ
ٸǰһͲͷˡ
ž˫Σյ档۽ߣ续ʵ赭б뷢ҡ˵ұ
Ԫ˺󣬱վûٶʵҲûа˵޼䣬Ȼκˡ
ˡ
ֻܾ䡭
ʥŮʦҿԴӦ
˵ţ΢١
˼ԥò
챦ʱʧǧ֮⣻ηáʦҪνʱ򣿡
žԣ鲻ȴ˼ϾȱʧҲ
ʥرãұȡ֮ԭɣҲ֮󣬹ʦὥһж֪
ʥŮ͡ԴҲʮֿ̹ϡ
žƳš
ʥŮԣֻҪʶƿҩһֱϡŻӡ
δ¡
žѿԪµУȷʵһֱ΢ʲôʵٴĿģΪȡҩʲôоҲı䲻һ㡣
֪
ĵһظӡת۲΢ףаҲȾһ˿ζ
ƸоһֱϵĿ⡣
Ԫ̾˿תҡҪ˵ʲôȴڿִӼȡҩĶ󣬲ųڵ֡
ƿҩ߹
ߵǰ
˰뱭ˮ
̶ƿҩ뱭Сɫķĩˮɫζ
ԪžžǱˮ߹û˵ֻǾôţֱһƽǰ㣬ҪҺ𣿡ʣûлҡûк£ֻǵѯʡ
ƽ
·һѰ顣
ž㿴ӡ
΢΢ԥһ¡ƺֻǴЦδ䣬΢ף̧°ͣЩᣬȴ顣
¡
Ǳҩľˮ˳ι¡
ΪԪûзֻΪĶ̫죻붯ƿʱһɱľҺС
ȡȿȡ
ԪǺÿԡһƿĺˣȴײϣһ죬ϵĲ߷ײ
ԵҲ΢ȥԼٶʧȥʶ漴ڵء
Ķһ£û˷Ӧš
ںڷ˿ڸڷգĺΡŲ̬Ĳ԰ףֻůĹâ£ۡ
뿪ˡ
žʥŮ˵ʱûлͷ
ʦʲô
ʥŮʣվԭ˼Ŀš
֪
žķʡУһ˿˲Σζ
ʥŮ˺ûнӻĿڵһӰͣƬ̺󣬡ʦǲ˵Բ棬һᾡ콫˴ˡ
뿪


170 ֹ
,
ԪƱһȸѵġ
ֻ, ΪԵ״̬, סӵĶѡ
ơ
ûʲôѹȸС
ıѼΣա
ƺֻǴʶƿʱסĸоʧˡȡ֮һҪûˡ
ˮ
ԪֻÿڸܡһŻȼ, ͣÿһ쳣С
Ĺβ䡣
Ҳһ, ϸ΢һȫ
˼
˼޷, ۼȷԼĴ˿ǿиȥ
漴Щѵĳ
ڻɫϡķͽԱ, ڵһ׼, ˵һˮֺ, ѶѾմҪȵľ, ͵Ĵߡ
ͬʱҲ֡ţҲ߳࣬ôż־ӸµĴ
һƬ
Ԫ˶һЩ֣ǱľҺ֪Ǿƣϵ̫ǿˣûкȳʲôζ
ֻһ븹
Ҳֻһ˲䡣
Уûȫɢ, ͱȳĸоûˡ
ֹͬʡ
ȸΪǿҡ
Ԫ΢΢ץס֡ﻹžƱץס, Ҳûг, ֻһҲϡ
мζ˼
дȻ˵Ц⡣Ƽ, м׽͸Ĺƻζ
Ԫɿץס֣ҩҡ˵ҲЩѣеڵֿ쳣˵ҲЩɬ
ʲôҩ
žЦʣᵯϡ̶΢ϣֻ¶һ˫ˮ۾
Ưһ˫۾
Ҳˡ
Ϥ
һȷָоʥŮ˵ĻĴ滳ɣ˫۾ϤУǷ鹹˼ߣֱ࣬һƫȨ⡣
ȷʵ޷˺
Թȴ˺£̬ȡҲĻ߽⡭
ͬιµľơ
ڲűιҩ˯ȥ£ܺ޷ĺݵĶ
ҩ
ԪЩѾƿ֣ʵǱϵǹζ޹Щԣſϡ
Ů֮²̫Ҳ֪Լʲôҩֻû뵽ùʦҲ˽ֶ
žָḧ糺գʲôҩɫģֱ˵ˡ
ԪһĴŪ÷ž㡭ĪЩ𣬲ԣƿֺ󣬾ͿʼԼƣǾƣֻҪܼڵȸУҲȡ
Ķ̫ȡ
Ϊֽŷˮһ
žԱ߿ò׾üΪŪľˮΪӣЩȥˡ

ֻһ˲䡣
Ԫ漴վҪҩȥҩЧ£ÿһЩ鸡ǻһ̱ˮ
û
ͱžק˻ȥͲ̫ȣһ£Ԫʵʵˤϡǿ˲ѹ£סʶҪ˫֡
˭
ʡȴţϤ鹹ھ͸˳Ӧ鹹Сֻ΢ա뿹ܣԼһ˿΢ɾĳ|
ž㣬ȰѽҩҡȻ֪ʲôҶ㡣
ԪһԼʧ˼䣬̱ţԼӺ˵
ţ
žϢϤϡûȵӦЩͷԵĴ
ϣʪŴдһ˲䣬ԪҪڣԪδȫȻֹҧֹ꣬סһ˲Щڵ|
ʲô
û塣
Ԫ
ƺһЩ仯΢ڷе⣬Ʈĥ
ž漴̧ͷȴԼҧƤ촽һ˿Ѫ
ָ
˳Ҳֿҧŵݡ
Ԫ
˺ỽһ
ԪĿ΢٣Ҳû˵
Ԫ
˵һ̽㣬һѾ϶سƺеú˳ڣƺ͸ˣĪá
ҽҩ
ҲǿһԪϣԪٴظһ顣һֱûΪ
Ƿˡ
žʱ˿ûʲôӡЦȻȴЩ޹ӡ
Ԫ˱ۣȥҡźܡҲѿϸܵĺˮʪ˿ڶǰҲ΢΢Ⱦʪ⡣
ɢ**ζ
ž㶢Ƭ̣򴽣á̶ѵˮ㼫һǣɨһ˿Ѫ󣬱δķſǽҩҷȥҲѹĵ|
Ҫ
ĬϣҲͻᡭ
а㲻Ը;ᡭ
ҡҷ
ůĹâӳܣԪһλڹ߻谵ҩ﷭ҵľž㣬￪ʼ˼Ҫô뿪


171 뿪
һ
ž˻, Ԫһ, ܵľ롭ʱ, һƬɫɨϡ
һСҩƿȡľ󣬷ŵᵯȻء
бϢ
Ԫüͷ΢΢һ塣ʶܿһ, ̱ǵҩζֱǡŨңЧͼӰ, ִӹϮȳ, ˲ڼʵļ
ž㽫ķӦУߴһ˿޵Ц⡣
ˡ
Ԫɵ̧ô˵֮ǰûȷǲǽҩ
žЦһСҩƿŵһߺ󣬲Լ˱ƣڣ֪Ķҡʮؾٱǳֹ
֪ĶԲһãܸиΧ
šǾʹ˵𡣡
Ԫ˶, ҽԪ£һľι£ȴݾܾ
Ѿסˡ
ЦȾаԪ֮, Ҫ˵õĻ
Ԫû˵ı, ЩաɫҲδʲô仯
˵
һ˿Һ
Ԫȷʵ̫̫Լ顣гѹȸеע¡
㽫˵Ķ˵ˡ
ֻǼһЩĹ̡
žȴҪ׷ʸϸֱľơʥԼʥ̵ķʱű졣ŵĺžꣻڼ, ԶһЩ, һι
ȸѾ, ȴˣҲֻǿѡҲ֪ôˮȵġ
ʱһһĹȥ
ɫҲɢһƬ
ĵƻԪϡǰȡҩ֮٣Ҳδֻ̫࣬ûôἰʦ𡭡Ｇ褵ԭҲһΪ֮һ˿ءϾ褵ĿһֱԾžԣҲûʲôֱӵʧ
ֻҪûоԳͻ档
ûоԵĵˡ
žƺ͡Ҳû˵Ƿͬҩֻǰеɫ飬˼ײö
һ⡣
Ԫĵ΢΢һͣץ䡭
ֻĻˡ
һ㵽ǰŻϤŮף鵭Ȼ˿ѾЩ΢ңҲΡ
Ԫʶˣ
Ԫ鸮С㡭
ԭЩԶо롣

ָ̧°ͣʶ۾ʡ
Ԫӣ˼ٺʦʶСŮһһߡ
ž㿴Ӿ֪ûʵǿʲôߣֱ۾˵ѡһ˲̫Ҷӵ
Ԫһ¡
ЩܿĿ⡭
ĿѹȸУֺܿɢȥᡢЩƮã޷ȷǰ޿κΣԪʲôǵˣƭҡ
ӵ뻳У𣿡ư󣬼Եɤ˵㻰Ｘûܾܾ
ԪᱧţûһʱЩӡҲԥţҲΪĻҲΪ̬ȥ壬Ҳ֪һ
ĵ΢΢̾
ңʶʶ
žеãɢȥƻһ˿óѵЦ⣬̬ؽڻвš
ԪҪҰ
Ԫû˵
Ц̶ϵ뿪
Ԫû˵
һ˰ҩȥԪԹ
ž˵ûȵĻش𣬲ɵõͷϻЩδˣǾͲˡ
˵һ˵ʲô
Ԫ˵ʲôԣñָڷ̵գֻҪϹԹҲ֪ԼΪλĵĺȰš
Ҷˡ뿪𣿡Ԫȷ뿪δҪףǶǰܿǲ뱻סѲȴû뵽תתǻˡ
ž㵹ҲаսǶ˺ֻЦƻˡ̶ſȥ
Ԫ£Ҫ͵ĴĿɫŽƣīʶд
ʹдʲô
ԪҲ֪дʲôʱЩͷۣҲסˡ
Ԫ
žˮдúƾʲôͷҲûصĿڡ
Ԫû붯
˼ת䣬˹ȥ߽ͱϣҲУԪдõЦ⡣
Ԫһϵ֡ûʲô⣬̶̼仰ķ棬ȻҲ˵ƣԾʦ֮ˡ
ž󣬽ۺҳչʾдһˣ
Ԫûʡ
ֻӻ
ӰͶ䵽һˣϢϤĶߣδȫɢҩԣһ˵
ʲϡ
д꣬ԪͿȥϢˡ
Ԫսʣһ
д
ǰѴ·ˡ
ž϶ˣɫԽᣬ갣
һһܸϡδЦ⣬ܺƻħǳ
ΪˣΪХɽΪ֤Ϊƾ
ԪѾ֪ԼʲôˡʼⶼЩܿһ㣻ÿֶдò״̬Щȴÿ仰ڶߣһ񲨶
ÿһ仰ⶼڽƣೱˮǵض˶Ҫ
벻ӡ
Ԫͣ˱ʡ
ʵ޷ķΧ¼д԰׵Ⱦһ죬ҲڷȡԾ״űʣȴһ룬ס֣֡һһһһ䣬Ͻһλдꡣ


172 һװ
׹֮ȦĻӸѳ֤ȷ䡣һ֮, λʧơЩϢ, ̫ʱǴա
ԸԵɡ
̫лɡ
һӷôʡ콫ʵ۽ѯʾԵɣܾ, ˵۵һ֢ڻʵۡ
һ̫ӡ
϶ͲЩˣ
ʵԭ̫߿, Ļˣͺų̫һ£ǼТҲˣ̫ҲȰˣ
Ƕꣿ
Ƕϣꣿ
ʵԽԽʥ壬ҩɽ, α̫ӣ⽭ɽġλҲģ
ԽԽ
̸
ɢ
ʵͳĻصĵǡʥŮּ빬, 
ʥŮĵ
Ůĺ̡ڵ֪ڹʦҲס׼ˡ
ʥŮŮһ˵ŲɡϾ, зô飬һ֮ʦĶŮǱƻʲô
ѾҪŮֻ¹ʦܻ, ʲôõı, ǰ¡
Ҫ˵ʦãҪǲ˵, ȵɣҲؽŮ
ΪʲôҪȵ, ΪҲ̫ѿ, Ͼ͵, ҲҪϧһԼ͵

һ档
⵹ӡĻӺѽƮȻ
ڻ¥뼸õȨӣһҹĻѰղŹ鸮ʱЩͷؽᣬȴԹ鲻Ժȥ
һ·ϡ
ţһҪôԸʦž㡣
ھԺʱ
Ƹоʲôɵͣ½Ųܣ˼ɽӰҶ紵ûʲô쳣
ĻûüȥǰȻһˣ
һϮ»ɴ棬ݣվļɽӰ￴
ʲôˡ
δ䡣
һӰ߾֪ʱֿ裬ȴھߵһ˲ٶȱ
ú䡣
Ҷʱͣ͡
Ӱָ̧֡һէ֣ҹѩǰ㲻Ķöš

ǳԹ塣
κηӦֻһǰδеĿ־壬֣ս
һ롪
һ׹Ȼɢڶ⸡ֵĵ⣬죬ʯһ˲䣡
쵽Ŀ־֣ѷκûʲô֪Ҳûʲôʹ࣬һ˲ء
顪
ص塣
һƬҶ
Ļ棬ʧɫĻҰߵһӰµĺףԡ
ȴҲ׵

ͩ
ľŵСԺ
ʦ𾲾еãҲûпꡣʱҶƮ䣬ˮһϸ΢
ӳˮſݣҲһ˲ģԭƽñ治ϲŭ飬ø͸ˡ
ӡ
Ըױд¡

ٽʦһլԺ
ʱõԪͱѣϴ裬ѾһϲѾΧæµţͷͷױױ
еӳŮ
һżݣ͵٣续ǳǳ棬Ǿɫȴˡ
ױݡ
ƱƽʱһЩɫֻǣ͸һ˿̬С
صζ
һ۾ƿĿ⡣
ױ̨ϣŸĿĽΣѡÿһǼֵǵ䱦̸ĸԱ߽ܣһõԢС
ɡֻǵһۣԡ
鷢չڡ
ļƻδҪ޸ʱ˿̡Ҳû̫Ŀų⡣һû飬̫һ°㡣

뿪ˡ
ʱ뿪һֽ飬סֻǣ֪ʦ𿴵θ룬Ƿ֣
⡭
ʥŮҹ뿪øɴ䣬Ȼô򵥣һĶ
˼䡣
ʱҲһһĹȥ֪ǹĵȴΪԭ･Щסˡ
ѾѾϤȥ
һϮﻺ߶֪ǷһֱߵΣС
ƺǿһЩ
ɶѰźۼһֶΣĸӦԤһƮޡ
뿪
Īһ˿ꡣ
֨ѽ
ߡ
ȴѾסС㣬ҪȥֻԸūһͿˡżСʡ
ǶǱʱźλ·˵ġҲ֪ô£·˲ǹؼҶС㣬λС㣬ºҲദԺҲһЩ
Ҫǵӡ
Ȼ̫ԪѾ̬ȻǺܺơ
ǣС㣬ûǰܼүġ
ѾԵúΪѵӡԱߵ漴ҲһɫȰ˵ţԪ¡
ٵһʱ͵ˣʦ˾ͻСټҲһ
жã
˿졭
ӵĻû˵ꡣʹѾ˷ܵˣʦ˵ˣ


173 ϻ
ġ
ż·й
ͻϸ֦ͷĿҶƮ䡣
̤ˮʯ·潦ƬˮǺХĹٱ, ĳ, ΪߣǴӼɡ
ϵĿĵʱ
ûһʥ֮ȫټֻһЩƽ, еؿǡһֱҩҩ֮٣Թ
Ͼڳ˿
زΣֻѾ, ֻҪһʥҩŤתǬֹΪ񼫡
ӷµϴӵΪڶĲ֮⣬ھһЩ޵ġ⸴ǰϢ
ձھĴ, Щ治ϢҲšЩӵİգ¸ǳضκΡ
Ψһľֹ;ˮŰ
£ô졭ʡ
躣һҩѲ顣鵹Ҳº͡崺硣
ȥ
ڲȥһˣߡҵʲôͻȥһЩԼԵ
ƫƫ뿪, ؽһ·еĹУǻ·ۣʦմ顭
ѾԶʦϢȻ֮ɢԽǲȥע⣬Խ֮ȥŵ

һ档
ʥŮ뼸еĳϣ˦ٵİ, һ۵ƽװ, ѰĶ, ɢ뼸мȺС
ÿжһͨʾ͸ɫʯƲйǣ״£Ĺâһ·Унӡ˹߶񷢹⡭
âԡڰգΪڳѲ졣ߵ˿ܵĳĺۼƫƣӸĽǶȿȥˮΪԲɢ
Ƭ첨̷ǣееУŲ΢ͣ΢
ĸĸôˣ
мϣһӾ߲·İĸż׷ôˡԭʱİĸһûѪɫʲôһ
ûû£ͻȻеΡеۣ϶ˣðĸЪš
С
û˵ע⡣ѾԶʥŮȴ÷ɫûʲô仯ޱȣׯ
òԼҪĶҲͲ˵óԸҲãҲãΪԼ֪ۣ
߽еļƻ

Ϊ·ǿп;ǧˮԴ;
Ҫʼȡ;ĿȨ

ʦˣ
һȺѾ롣ͷûиϣæȥźŸϣ׼֣ûϵʦô硣ڼؽһ׵ӵԪ˷䡭
һ·ϡ
ߵüһϵϲڷءȹѾţ鸴ԣ˵ԼһֽԼҲסСʦȥ磬浱Ҫȥʱ
Щ޷Ľš
컨ͣڸǰһɫ졣˿񣬹ϲ֮ڶžڸͷϣ㲻һɫһ£ɫϲۣ己ţĶáЦоͷ
˿δϱ㻯һƬʣΧΧƲɢĵɣף˲ֱӡ
һȺѾӵضϤӰʱеЦӵߡᡢƻġ
߳šһϲ裬£ϸϸ꣬·ˮǧɽĵӰ
ΧеһУ껭ϵһֻнĺͷֵݡ

ֻ
ֱȺȥһȺѾӵľУ뻳ɷ˵ҲǿƣתѵȺʱĻСԱԭɡѾҲһĻóˡ
˸ϡ
ʦǰẬЦݣ˳ǧΡ
ԪǰһƬɫʲôҲ㱻ڻҲֻɫĽ½󣬾ܼΨһɫ
ֱ뻨£΢Уɢķ˿
Ҳ̫ڰ˳̲סỽһԪŲ繣û|һ¡
ûȫϡ
ŰƬͷϸա
޵ıУԪ΢΢ƫܿһ¡
ž㡭
ţŵЦ⣬Ҳˡ
Ԫ˳ӡƽҲһˣž㲻ٵʱ䣬Ūϲ󣬲ֱ½
ӭ¶С
˿񣬹ϲ֮ڶ


174 ֻ
ϸ, ε
, ȴô෴Ʋһ˿͸, оӨˮ䣬϶, ߡ
ʪĻ¡
ֻһ߸ֶߵЩݡɣȴͣ΢, ȴԲԱ, ֮һֱ
ʥ֮
ֻһͽҴҶ֪˵˾ʲô
ꡣ
ϵһ˿仯
ʵ
ǧȷ;ˮڱ, Ӱ졭
;ˮɢΧ˿, ;ʹ򿪣Ҳ᲻ȶ
ȻͷͲֹͣˣΪһ;ˮӰ££ˡ
߻ġ徲ķ
ɫӰ, һһһӡϷһƿƿɼź;ˮ
ȷҪʹ;ˮ
ʥʹ˼, ֪
ʥʹ˺󣬶ѾߵĻ, ˻ȥԷȻѾ֪;ˮ׶˵, Ҫʹ, Ҳٶ˵ʲô
ָ, ƿе;ˮһľӨˮߣԣҪ֮ע뼧ʱ
ͻȻʥ̶֮㱻֪ʥŮѾϤǵļƻǰǧˮԴ;֮¡
·ͬСɡ
ʥʹҲʶԡһʼͲܰ;ˡʥŮȻ˾Ƿ񹦳ɣֻ迪һͷǽ־ʹԸˣ
ꡣ
ʥʹܿݵ徲ķһϵ;ˮûȡءҲûѲΪҽΡ
ʲôҲû˵
˺£ѯʵʮϡ
ʥʹᡰһûش"ûʲô;ˮʱ±ܰɣȵ˺ʵʱ"
š
˼ʣ֪ʱǺʵʱ
˶ã¾ͻ֪ˣˡʹͻȻҪ㣬ڴԱ㼴ɡǡǼСҲ
ʥʹߡ
褴ĵʱδ̫ĶɫҲδʲôɫ̩ɽǰ治ɫšʡ
Ȼʧȥ˼䡢ƲΪѣҲܲ³һЩءʥ̡ʥ塭ΧһС
ʥʹ뿪
İ½˽Ҳ׷ʲô˫Ű׳ӣгѲɫ
£
褲Ȼȥɡͫѽ⣬;ˮѵãʥʹѣҲͲæһʱ
ʱ䡣
ҲһйʦˡȻ̫ž֮ĹϵȷʵΪȡҩûܻ

νš
СͣȣԪڽδܵ˼ȴЩ롣ֱһʢװƯС˲еĻعСӣ΢£Ȼؿǰӡ
Ρ
衣
ٲձ
ȵĽں
һƬϲžڵȺ򣬿ϲ߽ߵԪЦԽұᡣ
Ԫкܿ챻УǣԶҲܿһϮ»ϲ޳ˡ
Ԫ
ỽһضߡ
һб͵Զȥ
ɷϡ
ĻΧ£һ˿޷ݵļ⡣
ѡĵĲѹ¡ĵȰá뿪Ҳ٣ߣھ뿪Ҳ벻ˡ
ž㣬ãҪȢ𣿡
ԪʡȻߣ޷Ե档΢紵ѩ
һʼֻӱܡ
ҹУҲδҪҪҲû̫һеһ¡
ڡȴ֪ΪЩˡ
һˡ
Ͳһ˿覣һҲС
ž̾һʱ򣬰ԪҵģȢԪ룬ûǣƣò跹˼ҹշתߡ˵ʱҲѸߣеĲ֮С
˵Ŀ⣬ʲôǽɣֻҲֻȻжش⡣
Աߵ߿ҲðȻԡǲ֪ܣɻõĹʦ˭Ҷһ֣
ھžҲֱܿ
һأ
ǰء
ҲǰݽЯͬеһϡ΢ӳգϸ֮УɫһԸ쳤ؾãԸͬᡣ
ݸá
λûžûʲôˣԪΪʦҲûκˡԼʦδ棬Ҳʽĳλ΢΢һݡ
ϯϡ
˿ֻɺҲԶŹʦףûǰͰˣôҲӰȢĲǹؼŮô
š
ͻȻһ¼ݵ
ԶԶһӰӵض˶׼ݣҲͣҪڵĵ޳

žԪͬʱǰǲñʵ۵ĵϡƲɢΣУѾصͣһ֡
һ£⡭žЦЦĿһ۶پֹס˸սǸٵ顣
޶԰ݡ


175 ;
ϸ, ž͵ˡ
Ŷȴ֡ż, ʹˤ䡢, мϣʼԭ־, ֻֻţ˭Ҳ֪ʲô, ֻ֪ԭö˶˵ˡͻȻ͵ˣ˵ϡ
ֻҪӴ;ˮ, һӡ
ǵѸˡ
ȬĲʹ˿糱ˮӿ鲼, ƯҲһ˲ϵòӣ
͸;ˮ΢ѤаɵγߣԣˮҺ۳ϸٿ, һּٶʦʶȥ
ˮ
ʵϸݵа֮ԭ͸գҲһƬĹâ
ԶԶȥӿĺ쳱

ʵ̫๬Ůӵٹʦ˷׷ݡһ޶԰ݡ
ϸ, , ѶϢʪˮĿҶԶȥ
Ԫվûж, лǣŲ, ȹӭ衣
ǲ붯
ͻȻͲܶˡ
ڵ;òܿƣƮĺͷ£˫Ⱦâ
ڤڤ֮е١
ͻı첻
žҲûܰȥΪӦԶʣһƬ쳱ڱӿ
յˮʰ͸״īĻ̶һ˲糱ϫˮХӿǰ
һп쵽ʯһ˲䣡
ڵϵ
ž㷭Ϊƣǿ˷ӿ;ˮˡȻˮᣬǷ֮УҲն֮ϣ㱻ǿˣҲ˻ٴξƹ֮
У;ˮԴԴϵĻۣѪӯգһѪɫˮԪΧΪھžĻ£һʱ޷ˣܸٵ;ѵľޣҪѱ
ѿ˵Ӱ
ֻܿ;ˮΧԲΣڱ;ˮšһ޴Ĺˮ
С
ԪҲĳı仯˫㽥棬һϮ£޷ļϸֳǧ˿Ƶϸϸۡ
Ҫ֬ѪһĹ۾ҪѶҪѹƲסǹˣ
һֱ;Ŀ磬δ뵽һ죬֮ѹȥ
Ԫ
žһѽס쿡ϣΪ֮ɫ
ͷƮ䡣
¶һŲ԰׶Ѫ߹۵пǼΪаԵúʹ࣬ûҲû˵ʲôеѹˡ
֪ˣĴ㡣һ;壬ܻ;壬ܻҲߡ
ž㿴һϡӰһţ뿪ط뿪Ƭ;ˮֵءϲѾһƬΪͻ󡢸ͻȻ˥ϵĻʵۣơȾ׻˾㤡
ܡݣ
ʵ˻ߵĺһʱûƽʱϡ
ŮŮ
Ҳ˿ԪӡҪıӡǽһƬ־ŭ̶ֹ
ûϲϡ
£ȴǰδеĻҡ
ſҡ
ԪЩѵĿڡ
ΪѿƲסǹˡ;Ҳ޷ƵıȻˡ
Լ벻ˡ
žšֻԪøƾ߷ˮХƾΣԽԽǿҡ
Ȼ
ʹԪ;ˮİΧҲûֹ;ĿֻһᣬҫۺâУӰ޼Ѱ
ôһ˲ʧˣ
ʧôɾףƬ½ǣҲûץסֻһ󵭵㣬ʾдڹ
ͬʱ

һƵʹԪòƾնְգХʵ;ˮ˲佫ûֻʣһƬѪɫ
ϲţˮſĵ󣬿ˮӰԾž㻳ʧְգɲǡڵʯһ˲䣡
䡪
һҫۺâԪϱ޴ĹȦղͣתţγһϻްͼڣа
ռ䱻Ť
ĶԶ֪ͨľͷ
Ѫͼв۵һ㡣
;һ˲䣬ʧȥʶƸƼ;еˮƮҡ
ѪɫĿռ䡣
ųŤĺۼ
Χӿ쾵棬ɫ·ҪƬء
ܻ̫ȶ
ľľս
Ҳ;ˮ;ʧȥˮ֪ˤȥ
ʥŮٿն֣ѩɴƮŮ·ͣвȶ;ǰ淨ҫ֮Ϊ
ʥʹʥ֮ˣͬʱְգһֹʥŮȡ;һĿž㣬ɱжȥ
žӰ̾ɢɲǽסԪһصϡϢĲ԰ģ쳣ỽֵͬʱ̽󣬼
Юɱʥ֮棡
һ
ʯɶ𣬳ʥ֮ȥ


176 ĹƷ
פڳľӱܵ뾩
פڳڵĽҲڰж
顣
ͬʱС
ҵĹʦڡ
Ԫԡ;ǿп, ͨʥ, ʥӴżڳɽһ, ΪǸλر𣻵;ʧ󣬱㳹, ֻںýĻͳʥŮλ, Ϊһʧʥ;
񡭡
;ٶȿ
γɵͨʥ
һںɫеľ޴̨ʱʱ̨֡ʮɫӰҲ̧ͷңң;ˮϢ磡
Ťİռ䡣
ӳճͬ硣м, Ե磬ͨ, ʱٶȹرաʥŮȡ;ȨʥʹͬʱʥͽҲ֡
;, Ȳ֮ͨУҲֹԷ롣
±Դһ
ҲиԵά档ͬʥŮʥ֮лصʥ¶飻ʥʹҲʥŮлȡ;, ͨơ
ʥڵˣһ, һʱЩɣΪĻ, ΪҶȫ̫, ;±, һɵ飡
ʥĴڲױ¶ǰ
ʥŮħ, ȡʥ
ߣţλϣɱ
ɫ¡
ʥŮʥʹĻų̈ϵٶȳɡͬʱʥ֮žˣɵʯ壬䣬ԶĻʵۣѾֵ˼㡣
ǾǰһС
ʶԼı仯ͷˣƽˣˣ۾Ҳˡܣ˶ԣ˥ϵٶǻˡ
Ҳûʲôá
еľ˿δ⣬ԽƽЩ޲üǰģ˿̶˵ԶȻû
һӵԶԶġ
뽫еʥŮʥŮţ뽫ʦߣҲᣬֻ˱ŮԣŮһлң
ˣɱɱŮ
ûʵ۽˻ߡǰμϲ˶ӵûӰѾӶˡֻʣѾϵȫģĻʵۣ̱ڵϡ
ž̽ԪȷûΣһģ΢΢䶨ڣһ̧ͷʱʱɢͨһ˿ĹаĹâ
ԺЩļ
ԪʮѾܣԵҿʥʥ֮ˡ
ɱ
ʥʹʥŮɣΧɱ
ʥ֮״ֻתʥŮ;ĿȨʥ֮Уܳн;ѡħԻ󣬱㲻ٹʥ
ʥʮɫӰӰòɿʥŮˣһʱ޷ֻĿ׼ž㡣ң½ʥ֮ˡ
ʹȥ
ҲȻһ۾ϳžģʥս𡢲صˣȫ˶ټɺ
˳֡õž󣬲Ẕ̌ڵصĻʵ۴롣
Ĺ֡
Ҳڵ󣬿ʼɱʥ塢ʥ֮ˣ
һʱ䵶⽣ӰѪ죡ԭͰ£ң
Ƭеľž㣬ɫû̫ı仯Ȼź⣻о˶˶ŵͷ
ҡ
Ԫֻ˵֣һ׸;壬ʥûжֵˣʥӦٽ˼ŵϡ
ʻһ
һˮ֮Ӱ˲Զ
˫ֱ
ѳģĬУׯ£֮Ĺڰɫµһɫ
ҲûŲͬԭҪɱžʥ֮ˣ̤Ĺ޲ˣ
ž˲ƽˣҪʱȴԪֹˡ
𡭡
˵ЩѾҡһ⣬žп͸¶ѶϢ
סˡ
յءİ˱ƽıܡ
ǵãδȱʧ䣬ǾԲҪζԷ
û
Ԫǰϣǿվȣͣǰ֮ˡ
ʦ𡭡
ɢ
Σ粻֪䵽ǱҲۡ
ʦ𻺻롣һƽ飬˲ƺֻǴ
һ롪
Ȼž㷢ѣ
Ԥ׵һƣþž򵱳ܴ
˶
ǿϮܣֽ٣
Ԫĵһʦ𡪡вףͼʦֽӡ
ؿڡ
ءһ壬Ȼٶջصӡһɱڵ
һֱеľҲһֱڱ
Ϊʲô
УеȻã벻˴

áġ
ɢ˼޷˼̫ɻ
µĹҲû̫֪ˮϡ
Զľž㡢Ԫ;ʱû̫ܵӰ죬ȴһ̣ݺһʹΣ
ǰһڡ
ԪڵͬĹƷ


177 
ȥ, , ɢ䣬һصľ, ˮʪá
žѪ޾һ˲ֹͣӳĻ, һĨڷеµĴӰ
Ŀڵʹ,
ʹҪϢ
ѷֲǹƳ淢, ΪһĨɫȼյѪ, ʹ˫
ȾѪɫ
ʦڽԪߺûͣ, Ӱһ, ڿ;ȥ, еӨ˲У
һ̡
ʥ֮ʥŮݡʽʽݲ飻Զӵֻɱ
ʥʹŷڽսľ桢ˡ
;вŸճһ֡
䡪
һƵľ졣
·ĳѹֶĿռıըԭȭͷСӨţڱ;еһ˲䣬Ȼ
ѵĹš
Ӱɢ
ͬˮĲ;ɢâûΪɢ, ǿһӨ;, ñȶͨȶ
ڻ㡣
Ө⽥ʧ
ͨͨһ̳ȹͨǰɫĳ̨סϣͨǹʦԺڰա
ͨȶ
һʱʶʲô
һҲֻڵʯһ˲䣡˶˼Ѿ˼顣
Ԫµ塢Ͳôһ˿һľ, Ҫȫˤڻˮʯ塣
ž㶯ˡԸѹֹƳ, ǿ˹, һӰȥֻס
ĳ
ҲܳһɫӰһ½ͣơͬصԪȥ
ԭڰйսľҲˡԭ֪ԪǹؼҶС㣬;ǿд򿪺Ҳʶˡ
ʶһ
Ľ֣һʱҲӣ㲻뿴ˮѪС
ʥ;ɲͬеĴ򶷣ȴû˶ֹͣʥŮʥ֮;з˲䣬䣬컨ɱȥ
ʥʹھ滯һӰԪȥ˼ܿ;תµľϣ;䲻ҲϾȥܣѿž״̬ԣ˵֡ΪЩ֡ʥڳĸսֵ¡
һʱܽߡ
ˡҲȻ׽ɱʥӳ֣ˡ
ѵʯϣһƬ۽ǣž㼲ӰֻסµԪȴֱʮʥȥ·
ӰδԪߣһһҪڱԪӰ漴һ̾Ҫ˴뻳
½ͬʱͷһ淢ֱ棬â֮˾Ҫˡ
ԶľʥʹΪʲôΪʲôһҪɱ·Ķɱģ
ʥʹûʱ̫ࡣ
ûõĽͣվﲻɡ⿴Լ˴ըˣһ˲񶼱ˡ
ʥʹĻû˵ֻ꣬ǰӰһټֻʣķи档
飡
ǿƲ|мһƽƻˡеͣŰ磬ûϵôֱ嵽м
ͷЦһֺ档
˲סٴεµԪڽ˱סһ˲ЩӲһֱܻرκ˽Ӵ˿ͬһϢģˡ
ſ--
žͻʥֵΧǧɵͻ𣬽첻
ָУ׹أǳѩ⡣еϡڶɢİ׹⣬һͻĽնϣ
ܣ
һž㽻֣һ߻ڷĺ
汧ԪҲǣҲǣ֪žĿԼŵˣҲ֪˽ǽʥس֮ˣҪԶһ㣻ǲٷС˽֣Сܲ룬Ҳٶ뿪
ܣ
滹վһûЩżҲܣһ˵겻ͬʱҲԽݡ
ԡ
˼ת䣬̱ҪԪ뿪
ž㿡ϣëȻĺ⡣ĵĽǹƳ淢ľʹһ̼ܿ尾ĥ˵ϢҲԽԽ¡
ĵ޶ηǿѹɢ
䡪
һεȻϱ
ûȴƵģۣû̬ȴǧҫˮ˰ɢɲ糱ӿ޲ϮƬأ
ҲˡѪȣǰӰһţѳȥ
Сģ
ͬʱ
ʥŮѽʥ֮ˣӰڿնٻӰ鶯ȹƮƮһûмΪȻʥסʥ֮
漴ȡ;Ȼһȴû;ȡøӦһӦҲûˡǰ
ô£
ʥŮĵ΢΢һ
ʥŮҲס֣һǰԵͬʱҲ׼ʱֽ


178 ʵۼݱ
еˮ
ھžӰӹ˲ıĹ켣
ʼǰ١
ڼٵĹ, ϸˮ
ɱѲӦˮ, ·⣬ȴܿԪ
Σɲǡ
žڹƳȴٶȷɣ
ԭҲֻǱʱѹסһ, ˳ȫ, Ǹǿҵķ
һй
оϡֻüӦԾɱСӰأЩҡҲǱ, ѪʥʹЮɱ
»ӽӭϡ
ʥʹһѸž, ӣפڳĴӪ, Ӫ뾩ˣڹʦ⣬Ҫ̼ʵۡפڳĴӪگ, ͻȻֲò˽š
ǻʵ۰еԭΪΣǻʵۡΪ˭˻ʵ֮˭дȨ
֮⣬ȥĻʵۿҪˡЩ鶼⡣
žҲ֪ǷµĻ, Ѿûľ桢ˣԨ³İ, ˶һ˫۾Ԩ, 궼Ҫ˺Ϯȥ
û׷ϡ
˼Ѿ, ع, ̸ϡ޼, ȴ֪һЩԪ֮Ĺϵ
֮
ػѰҽΡ
޲Ӧȥڼ֮
¾̫ҡ
Ȼһʱ޷ȴ˵ء
ʥĿ
ڸ޲ӦԪ̨ɽλˣλ⣬ûԽʵ۶Ӫˡ
Ѿȶ;аգһһε½
ʥŮ޷;ȡϵʶʲôϳɫѰսֵʱŷֶԷѲ֪ںʱʧ١
ͬʱ
ʥΪγôսʿʥ֮Ҳ֪ʥ󡭡ҲǰʥŮ޷ƿ;֮¡
ǽϣңң;һ͸Ʋɢİ£ɼ̨һŮӰ
ΪʥҲ޷ƿ;һʱûзӦ֢ڣֻѾʶʲô
ʥĳ鼫Ϊѿ;޷ջˣ£޷ջˣҲʹͨ·һֱڣ
ˣ
ʥʹҲͣ˴򶷡䵽ʥ֮ߣһλɫ۱䣡Ҳ껰󣬾ʶԭǷͻȻսֵˡ

ʥ֮Уȴû˵
̧ۿʥŮҲӰĴĽһûʳڣʥŮһͬ˵˽
ͨѾ޷رˡԴͨʥԣŻһɳ񲿶ӣҪפͨˣ
Ƭ̡
ʥ徫ƽ
ԭϲͥԺѾԭòˮؼɽԶĺǱݶεĵ档
žδ뿪Ը̰£ͬʱʥʮֲһ
Щһʱ˵ս£չٵһ
ʥԽԽࡢЩӦˡͬʱڹʦӪ죬ҲڽĴ븮ҴҸʵڵķ䣻Ϊ֪ʵۿҪٽš
˻ʵ۵״
ҲϤ档
øһͨͨ
Ӫ춼ǰŰɣŵѪӯյҲĿˣɵỹһ磿
ϡ
нš
ﻹƽûб̫ࡣӪ챻˵غʵۣȻźüûлӦŶ롭
㿴һ׷ԲԵڰǰʹͷһۡһֻ֣ıԵ
űߵһֻʡ
ڰϡ
һּʲݵʥ͡δд꣬˼Ѿ±кҲлڣʥ֮ҾǰհڲųùʦѰʥ뾩ңշ
⣬滹ἰ˻ʴѡӣʥûдꡭ
Ӫ쿴ǰѾݱĻʵۣԼµһʥͣһʱЩò⡣뾩λ;뿪ֻסʦԭҪԸʦģ鷢չˣʥ壬ȻԵĿ꣡
ǡ
顣
㳯žԤڵķչҲڽӪֺ󣬲ŴӲгˣʥ岻ͣɶľ񣬶Ӫ
ľ档
ʥ֮ʥŮҲûϵģû뵽ôֻ֡ʦʺϴս
Ʊһʱ
žڸԼһ·󣬲ݲݴϵƣҩ˹Ƴ桢ϲҲ˸


179 ͬһ
꽥
һˮ֮ӰлС
ûгɡ
ȴûаʪ⡣
ˮҪ䵽ʱ, 㱻Ρ
С
ڵȴʲôٶ, Ʊߵ˵ƽƽûκθ, ֻи˵ĸоƽʱ䣬ѽӽ

һִɡǳɫӰ
һĸŮ, ؾĵۣĻгһ
ˮɡϷɽϸСˮ
ִɡŮ, ɡܵͣݡָȻ𪣬ָڱѰŮӵָһЩüá
һ֧ӡ
䡣
ϸܾ, ߶Ρ
ĻС
ߵһˡ
İʶ
İǶԷδһ㡣ʶӭˡôҲ, Ҳû˭ö
ֻڿҪһ˲䡣ִɡŮ΢ͣ, , ɷͬһ·΢̧ɡ£¶һŶ͵ݡ΢䣬ԭŮӵ, ѿ෴ʮֵͿԽԽѰŮûе
ۼ
ͣ˽ŲͬͬУĿûпŮ, ƽǰ·ˮһС
ͬһΣ
ͬ, ͬУ
ͬĻش
Ҳͬһ¡ǾԵĶ, κҲ޷Ρ
ۼ˺
ᡰһ
ƽȴˮ⡣ѹģδ¶̫࣬һ˿͸¶
΢΢תĿתϣҲеֽɡͷ
ڴһϤİһ㣬δ
ûټ档
Ҳδʱôƽƽδʶİˡ
ʦû˵
䵽ϣҲƽ޲û˸е㺲ֻҹµ̶顣
ģ뵱һûж仯
ۼ˵šӵĴҲ²ۣΪʥ飬֪һЩ
ϲ
Ҳ̫࡭ҲֻϿʲô
˷ʱ䡣
ۼ¹𣿡дһ˿͵ߡɡµķƷ˿
Ȼʡ
ȴûõʲôش
˵ĿģѾȨΣǰʥ֮˵ͬʱ˵ҲԵĸı䣻ԭƽ͸һϾŵˣһλ¶âλߣ
ǳŶꡢԹҲŻƣ
֪Ϊλȥ
ɡϵˮ
ƱĳεֽɡµķΧҲбѹֶš
ۼȴʣĿ𣿡
ʡ
ȴش
ʥ塭֪ĹʥкζԹĿӹɵʵ
ԹĴϻֺۣ֪αٶһʣƽߡ
Ȼˣֺαŵ
ڵۼʻʱ
ڶΧˮµٶȡ
ƺһ˲
ƽĿ⣬ڴ˿̣һ˿ϸ΢ѺۣƮˮı飬ôԣȴ䡣
һ˲ʵʵɱ罣
ֱƽǰˣ
ʦ˲ˡɡһţգ֮䣬ɫӰ⣡
ۼδɡٿתǧ˿

ŵ֣֡˳кβ𣿣
˷ʱ䡣
ʦܿ
Ҳ򶷣ˣӰһš
ۼȻվУû׷ȥ׷׷ϣΪ£һսشҲ˵û˷ʱ䡣
һʼͲ
ôȥûĽšٵʰɣԽԽ϶дô尾ȷ֮٣ѿһЩ飬£
ֻټһ档
˵һвĽ
Ʈҡ
տŵִɡеŮӣĻ֮СʦС
֪
Ŀʥϣܾ˵ľ棬Ҳֻʥ֮ؽܽΪ˻ʵۣΪ˰µĽɽ
ǧʿѪ͵̤ƻ

䡣
ӳյĻƻչһ϶߲ķƻ
˽¥ϵͭ壬ࡣΡ빬תǵӰҲһƬ˵Ľɫԡ
֪Ǽ¡
ڻǰң͵ˣƵʣʲô£
밢Լ밢һսһǶıҪ֮ƽ£ʢҪι䶨£̫ƽ
šû̫ྪȣҲû̫ڳһѰ¡ԼҲô⡣
Ұʧˡ
Ҳ⡣ֻͷ
ġ𣿡׵Ĺ۾ʣλģȴΪҰʧš
Ϊ˽黳
ǡ׵ĹƽԨˮ̶޲Ŀ⣬ĵͻȻЩҲ΢һЩЩʧ̬ץס֣ضƽӣ㡭ܴܲӦһ£
˵
ΣۺʱεأҪɳ֡밢ѪҲǧʿѪͶɣҪ˺ɡҪݰ
û˵
֪Ҫ󣬺˽ǰȰѳɶ֣ɳ³ٷϴ£پκηˣ𣿡

ѷｾĹ
ŵ͵Сһ˿Ů㺡Ըǰ½
˵΢С
ĬƬ̡
á


180 Ϊ

䰲
һڵҲšǰһӰ, ɢźɫĳ, ϻմȾһŨŨѪζݣ鲻, ȫʲôΣյĺ, ҲѲء
ž㡣
븮
ҴҩС
ȫƾ²⡣µĶѰԪĵط
ʱ
躻ûл
СΣ˲Ҳ֪ôѾ˵ûھžо赫ûֹҲͲ鲻Ըķˡ
ٺ
㵽ڡ
С춯ð˵оһڴǰΪԪʩ룻ĵƹ, ϸ룬â
ϵԪ
Ѳ̫ԡ
ڱҴ͵ҩʱѹǧиϵľž, ιС˿̲дһ
΢в
þž뿪ƶ, Ӱ죬ŵʱҲ
ʱš
ÿһ̣ļձ
ǰ
źˮ, 亹, ̫ڽšÿһµѨλ֮, в㽫ɱ硣
룬ѼþҲһ㱡ϸ
ҽר֢ҲʱвεĶ񼲡֢ΪζѹҲܿϾϲ֮Ũ顭ֱ񣬲ʶԼǿˣֻһֱԹߵĽǶȿıˡ
Թߣǡ
Ϊʩ룬ʱȶֻ֮ߣԼƽಡصܻĵزӴʱܵĳʴҩ˺һø𺦸صҩʱһԴԴϵ޸Ѽס
ϾžԨΣյĿ⣬Ҳη壬ǹʧˣ취Ų˶á
žһ˲֪ҩʲôֻǻ˵һ䣺л֪飬˿׷Ҳ塣
˵ʱȥҪ뿪ȥļ΢΢̽ϻִеʪ˲ˮҲûü
Լ
ҲΪžڡŻѡ뿪Ϊֻܡ
ſ
δͣķԽһЩ
躵ĽŲʧˡС쿴ˣǵĿһ۴ϵˡ
ȥ
ž˵֡ĮҲϲŭȴĪëȻ
Сʰˡ
ʱϸĵ˷š
žڴԪƽ˯ݣ̲סָᴥޱڴ·ģȥ͡
̽ԵѪ֬԰ףѪ˿ۼûаѪɫԡıѩһ·ֻҪһͬ˶߽⡣
ֻԵѹ֡һΪµĵӣδôʧȥ֮
Ԫ
ỽ
֪
ҲõĻش𡣾žȻ̲סỽҲţҪβܾ;ˮɷʥҩɷ񣿻᲻ͬӰ죿ʥ֮ڣǷܾ֮
ϢԺƴ顣ƲֿܣԼµľƣʥϣһʤһ
ҹ
žһֱԪ߲ȥ浽촽Щɣȥˮ
Ҳ˳ء
ȴֻһֱѹˣԹˡˣھʱͬûЪµļ躣򵥸һ¡

δŽ롣
졣΢΢һŶ룡˲ƿȴҲһӰϢ
ǰ
ŶϨһµ͵ԣƺһˮ֮ĲӰٶȼ죬˲ʧڰ뿪Ĵ⡣
ֻһ䡣
ľΪ
ƽûκθĻɢС
žһ˲⼲ȥȻĽ⣬ҹɫĻ
û׷
˲齱ߡ޻ѱĵ׸浽ȷûʲô쳣ȵ׵Ĳ΢΢ƽ½طƽĿҲ֮䵽࣬һϵľᡣ
֣
ľ

ʥ֮
ĿֻŶҡ
һʱ䣬ѪµԤԣʥıǰķʵ۵ܡԼʵѾݱϢȵȣȫſֻŵľ⡣
ñͲľԽҡ

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181 һֱ
, ۼhĴѱ䣬ܼǵ, Ѿˣ˭Ҳû뵽ͻȻ
, ֳ, ʱóһʱ۷׷סڵۼhּ躵ϻλ, Ⱥͷ׷׽ԡ
Ϊ峯
ܵǰʢھǵ˼Ӱ졣ǿŮӲ˾, , ߡ
, о購ӻܽܡϡϵȶԵۼhس, ûпܣĵ˼ɡ
Ͼ, ׵Ӫ, ˵λۼնţҲԾǵľָơŻһ뾩ôѸٵķӦ
Щۼhܿ챻ѹȥͬʱҲ˼λ, Щʥ֮Ű£㶼֪ô, Ҳ˼ɵۼhֶμǰΣ, ᡣ
ʥսʿԴԴ;ԹʦΪ۵ƽ, ǱȵۼеĸѲԹʦΪսܵƣսֻôһƬΪʮֲھӽսӪҲ޷˲ս
ֻܷ롣
벻ͣʥսʿݡ
һ档
̫ʹڻʵ۵ĲѾʵۼݱϢʱιһΣڼʵ۲ϵģʱһΡ
ԵۼhĻ
̸̫ϿܣΪʱȷʵҪһסõˡԵۼhһ´󣬾ͽķڶԸʥ϶н١
Ů̫ˡԼ׸ʣҲֵôĮδһˮ̸УֳڶӹϽµʧ
顭
ʵ̫ۼhϲĲϲõۼhԸž㡢ȴ⵽ܾ
Ϊŭ
Ȼ˵ۼhҲδı⡣ֻ˵ԴΪأ˵ʱ˿̣ʥ֮ǰǰڰʱʦ˺ΪС
ۼhʹԼˣ׳Ŷ꣬ûе˳֡ȻҲʥһ֪ڵѪ֮עϡ
̫ԵۼhĽһҲ
ܡҲ֪ʲôΪء
ֻ֪һ֮֮ϵӣ
ӵˣңΪ󣬻ʲô֣
Ĵ֣ӵĴ֡ۼh̫վڴߣȻһľʿۣ븻ûʵĻʹ롣˵̬ζȴĵ
ҩǹʦأ֪ŹֵͨŮһֻ˶
ΣΪʱۼhɱ֮ѾʱΪá
Ϊ𣿣̫һŭӿ͸ץնˣ
ԣʬ׵ʾڣ

̫ۼh۵Ҳû˵ۼhԼ˼¡ٴλ赹
ûա
δȫӦʵλõļ躣׻ָּʦȨְԸʥսС
ʺԶܵϻλǺܸ˵ġԵۼh̵Ϊ⣬֪̫һͷĵȰ͡
ҪԴΪء
Ϊߡ֪ء
躳ǿԼͬʹĪҲֻĵδ¶֡

ҩʱ
֪ʼݱ顭ǾͣһᱨǷɹٲΪӡ
ڡ
ԴΪء
ԴΪءּþžٸԭְžȴٳδֳú
Ҳ΢˹
ȻԾž㱧е⡣ԪǺ⣬ҲΪ벻һֱѨλϣžûҵеİ취뱻ȡ֮ǰԼİ취ˡ
ðա
޲ߵȴΨһᡣ
;ˮ
һ档
ҩõԪҹ֮󣬾ͱžˣһƧ˽լ㲻ϸûʣȴſɽҶͶӰڰ뿪Ĵ⡭
档
ڡ
ڴ|ϵԪ
ϺܰҲһĲ԰
⼸
ȻǻԲѵ״̬΢ȴҲƽ⣬һұ״̬ʣ޼塣
粽ŵľžҲһ㣬ȴʲôԭ򡣵иʱѰҰ취
ǾľҲǷţҪҲһһ顣
š֨ѽһƿ
Ѿˮº󣬿ʼϴΪԪ̽塣ϸӣ˵Сϸ£³˰С
žȥšеӣڴΪ̽šģñָḧֱĶϣϸ¶ȣԼǳǳָϢ΢΢İ
Щ
˲ٰ취ҩԡԹȻһɹԼҲֻ̫࣬ܽϣһ취ϡ
;ˮ


182 ʥ֮
ûʶϵĹʦ, ǶϱڲԫһƬѱʥռ졣
ɵʿļνսС˫, , ʥڣȡ֮;ˮơ
ʥսʿˡΣ, Ҳڼ̵ʱȬ
ֻ;ˮʥȫӰ죬̫ķҲıǵʡ
ڲ취Ӱ, ;ˮֻǾҩ;ѿʥŮ޹ʥ֮취
¡
ʥսʿ, ʿһѲǲͣžݵ, ԱڳĿռ䣬øսʿ硣
ͬʱ
ۼhҲнżƻһӪڽսĹսˣһڰټзͨҽ, ܽ;ˮҩ
ҲǵƳҩ
һ档
Ѳ桢ֵ١Ե뿪ʦӪһγͻ, ҲûлҲûҩþô, ֪
ʥ档
ʥ֮ϪԾ桢ҲͷۡòҵľҪʥˣƫƫڹֳֽľ, ҵǸ⡣
֮⡣
ΪʥŮ֮ĻָءݣԼɶɱ֮£ʥΪ⣬ҲκһĻԶ̲֮, ε, ʱ̼ٶ
ʥŵĴ¡
һɫ̷Ůɵóʣʥ, Ҫ𣿡
ȥɡ
ǡ
Ůܿ¡
һŷʢװŮӡޱһƬԿɼİ׷ȴּᡢۡ˸ܴò䡣
ߵߡĽһڰɽϣͨΪףΪԲΣɫʽǱһ
̶ΰ
վڻǰҰ俪տڴҴҳˡ
ڹ϶ʥࡣ
ʯΡڴˡ̨İһƬƲƵľʥطĻ޶

ʥƽ볤ĵطڣʥҲһȨλܲ뵽شľ֮С
رʥֱչص£ڵĴСʥþ
һ
ҴҶĽѴϢ֮ʥʱᷢս¡

ȴ
ǵһʥңǳʥ֮˵壬ʥ߽һƵƵ
ԭһЩɢȺ
Ҳ㲻ʲôǰ֮Ϊʥս󣬶ЩðͷȺԴѹҲֶιڼˣȫһΪڡ
ʥ彫󲿷ֱ󡣱߽ͱ˵ᵽⲻѰһ㣬ڱ߽һ


ʥ뾩ɢ;ˮȻ󲿷ʥһЩ䡣ǾˮһԣܱմɡʵܷԵʢװҲδ;
Щߵ⣻;ˮž˰ռ
Ϊȷ;ˮǷС
ץ˲顣ʥˣҲоǾͨѰˣͬ;ˮʵĸı䣬ȷʥ֮ȷʵһԡ
һ²ʱ仯
̫࣬Ҳһ㣬մһͻڲıʣ;ˮͬΪһĴڡ

ʹȷ;ˮıʣžȻģ޻ϣϾѾ뿪ʥ̫ãǷı䣿
ֱڽ;ˮԼϡһ;ˮЧȷһļ£ܱѹ󣬲һ˿ϣ
Ҳʱ
΢ĴΪ޻ͬ;ˮҽұİ취
ֻҪԶ뾩ǡʥҲĵطһֱȥˡ
ţǸ⡣
ž㿡ϴЦҲ󲻷һұȫʵ˼ΪΡ
ԴӸ;ˮܾ
˹
䶨һ뿪ǣȥκȥڡ
̬޿޵ġһַ·۶ʲô鶼Ŵݡ
ô̲סšԥţǷҪɾžһСܡԼʲôܣžΣôġ
;ܡ
鸴ӵ˼ͬʱžƿ;ˮݣȻСĵؽ𡭡
˼֮뵽ѱӰ΢ϡҲ֪ԭɣ޷Ƶ
ջĵһ̾


183 ȫЧ

žȷϹƿеҺ󡣲ſʼιԪ¡ܼ躵;ˮ, ֪ʥ֮δ֮ǰ, Ѿڰ;ˮ
ɻ
ת;ˮѡǰԪ¡ɢâ;ˮ, аִ͸Ѫ, ָ峺һЩ
ڻ״̬¡
Ԫûʵʶι;ˮȫַ¡
˹, ֪;ˮ仯ֻҪ;ˮͬѹơ
վһԿšü, ĵ׸һŻĽǡ̲סǰ˾žǰ۲
Ȼ
á
ʱһһĹȥ
ԪҲûʲô仯ҲûаҪѵļ󡭡þž･ӿһ˪ĺ⡣Ԩͷɫ
Ҳֻһ˲䡣
ôˣ
Ըо˾žı仯ֻǸо, ûۿΪʻͬʱžѻָ
žûлش
ὫԪŻϡǰԼԪ, ŵһѰ취ΪҽΡ;ˮûЧȫЧйĲ², 浱ʵǰʱ, ʧĳ
Ҳ˺ֻϧֱĿǰδҵ١
пܡ
ЩԸţ;ˮ, ΪƫƫЧ
ԭΪ
Ҳûʲôҽˡ
;ˮҲ֪ܽ, ڴԭʧһʱ, ˵ʲô, Ԫ˿ľž, ߵĻȴҲ˵ڡ
žڽԪ΢ҵķ˿˳, ǺñºܹʵġһȴԵء
һû˿εܵζ
ƺû뵽žʵôֱף΢΢һٺ󣬡ΣοһʼĲˡ
³ٴλǷæ֮ʣȴܷڳķˣݡž㲻һּŵĴݣ˵ͷʥ塭¿˶ԲߣδԪĻϹۡ漴㽫תʥ֮ϣ˵Ĺвȥ
뿪
Ҳڷȥ
ֻø뿪ˡ
̸ʥ֮£Ծžĵӿ֡ҲŵۼĻҲֻܽŵۼĻҪԴΪأ»ҪžԸʥ塭
ڼҪžͬʱ
žҲͬĴ㣬ԸʥԸʥ塣ļ䣬ڽָҪҲ˷

ۼhļƻ
ܼҲ
Ǿܽʥö˺;ˮұ
ҩ
ɾžṩƻҲδΪϾǴҩҲͣеĶĿ
ɫ
ڼ뿪֮
žٴλصĵķԪߣż뿪ʱ˵Ļ
ǵҲҲ취Σ
Ԫϵָ΢١Ŵ͸ĹѰҲһ㵭ҹĺɫҲһƬӰ˫Ȼ˵˫ҲȾ˪ëȻ
κһ˿Ļᡣ浽޿صľ桭
йصˣΪᣡ
Ԫ
սţס㡣еá

ҹ
һӯաԲ༫ĹʦѾפžӣʥսʿϵԭҲɺɫһ˿ԭľ⡣
ҹе
ضʱù;ˮһЩԭˣӳеľһƬ졣
Ƭĺ졣
ҲӵʥĲϡ֣ͬ߸ҹ֮Уֻԭͬ¡
һƬΧʥİɫȺС
һԺڡ
ɴƮһƬɴڵʥŮ޹˵档һЩʥ֮ϪϢ
ڻ
ԼߵЩʼϪĹǧ;ˮǿп;İ취δŹߵһλϱ껳ɶ֪
Ȼ;˶ʱȴ˳û£;ͨա
֮䡣
ɺϷıá
ϪһĳֹϵҲʶҲʶҲֻáҲǻݡ
һ㲻ɷϡ
ˣضʥΪ˽⡢;˽⣬Ż¡
̶ͨ
Ϫʥʹйϵ;δʧ֮ǰ顣ֻҪ
顣
ǡ
Ӱ¡


184 
ľ
Ⱦ, һǱڡչ, Ψա
, , 顭
ҹ
㾲뿪ĴɼѪӯա
ƫƧլ, ӰǽǵӰҹΪһİ
΢ҡҷ¡
žϷľĬ¿ھ󣬱㿪ʼ
ɢƲԡɢͷϻŵʪ⡣ÿһ˿ɢ˵ɫ
ɫ˿µĿ, ȻһƬ͸аİɫơ
ѪƱʱѾࡣҲûЩƮĻԲƣһƬâС
ýˮϵķʹȴΪĲԪ, صտҲô˻һľЧ
ʧǹ, Ϊѹħͬľ, ܶħһ̶ȵӰ, ֤ȷһеķ

ԶĴϡ
Ԫ֪ľ˯šѾΪ㣬ڳʱ䲻Բȵ, Ѱ˶һܳõ¡
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ȷʵڻָ
ҲǼʩ֮ЧҲǾžһֱԵİ취Ҳīʲôά״ֱ̬ڡ
ͻȻ, յƤ, ΢һ¡΢, ô, ƽʶһƬţҳб̲ա
ս졪
ɱˣ
ʥŮĪħ߶;
ס
ǰһƬڻҵĻѪɫԪԼ˼Щ磬֪øʲôȥʱֻǸоΣա뿪ڡ
Ųͱȹڵأֶ̽ŵİҲһҪֽٿһ԰˺ɽѪ˲ۣ

ŵˡ
ȾѪɫֻһɫӰһᣬ˾ͱڿնε˻˾ײһǽϣǼ̶ۣⷢסֱ۽㡭
ãʥŮ
ס
һ·ĲҽѪ
ԪһƬӵ˵Ϻ¡Ҳûоʧ룬ֻԽ侲ѡ
š
ȴ޼¡
մѪϣѪȣ˼ҪϢҪͷǿˣһ룬˱ֱʧ
ƾն
Ȼ䵽һƬڻսȺСˤ߻أЩȥֽŲõܡңңһİӣʶȴײײĳȥ
úԶ
ȴȲСֱ뱻
ֻǱܡǼʶĹȥ
һԪеĳƺҪ֮ס
ĺδڡһ׹⼲Ȼ˶ǰһ£վȵĵ¡ӿѪȵͬʱʶҲЩɢʵ״̬
İӣûжվһݲŮӣǣһòŮȴŭĿ
ҵļ䡣
һЩĪ顣˼ٴ֣֮һΣ˶Էա
һݿȴݵꡭĿ⣬Ц⣬аȻȴһëȻĺ塣

ӰҲ䰲
ʱôš
žֵĺ⽥ɢȥϡϵİɫҲûľȷʵڵħ䷨еĹУڽһϸ΢ü޷

ȷʵǹɻס
ʶһͬʱ
Ҳ
жϡһҲ֮ɢ
žûма㿴ϡڴϵԪɰ˹ȥһͷ˴һȵС
ߡ
Ƭ̶̡С˸
Ԫ鶯һ¡ƤǿңȴҲԣûڱûȫµľž΢΢һȷԼǷþ
Ԫ
̽ỽһ¡۾ֽյƤȷʵڲͣĶĳһ㡣


185 Ԫ
ˡ
¡
սɱ, ڶ
Ҳǿҵĳ, ʧȥʶԡ
涨һƬӳա
ȻһƬŰڻ硣˼ȴû˶, ܴһֻɢã״̬
ȴ״̬ѵʶ
Ҳ֪˶á
㱼䣬ں
ʱԶʱ
ȴϤ
ʶƮںڰ˼
Ѱȥ
ֱڰнһĨ⣬ԽԽҲԽԽ, ս֡
һƬ׹ۡ
۽һȻ۾
˲һ˫ߵӡźа, İ޵׵ԨܽĻϤϮȥ
˫ݵص
Ҳǳ˯̫á
ԪһʱûܷӦ, ֲʵξԼη˫۾һ˲¶ܡ
䱸顭
Ԫ
žȾһ˿ڵϲ, û뵽ʱѹ
ϲβ¶ɫ
˿Ҳһ˿ԵĶǷĵϲãεϣ¶Ц⣬޶ˡ
Ԫ, ҡ
Ȼо֪δѣɵ÷ذɫ˿ɢϡ
Ԫ΢΢Ƭֱ̡˱۾žȴֻԹȥҲһЩԪ˯
˵ţڡ
ԪٴۿʶѾԼĴ, ˼, ȷʵʱԡ
ڵ, һ˿˾һЩ
ľ
ڵıԴһֱ̺γһֻѹơɵ״̬
һΪԴҲĶԿģ
ΪħÿԲҹǹû컨ɱΡ
ûԪûеõⷨҲһʧ壻Ҳֻʣһ
ħЩƱ㽫
ıԴǻָӴ˲ħţľ£ħ
ǶԪڵҲͲıԴܱܡ
ʶһ
ž㽫ɸҲ仯һܲסܼʱס¡
Ԫ˵
ȴ
ʲôסѨסһ룬˿ȴҲܵӦơ
֪Ԫȱ𼱡
ž΢ȻԴͺ˺ܶࡣ漴ȷȻ΢ȴҲƽȺ󣬲ȡ롣
ѹΣյʱѾȥƽȣסѨ룬ͲҪˣ򷴳Σ
ھΣ
ͷſ̶ҵķ˿˳
ˮ
ѾܿˮԼСࡣ
žִιһһ¡ôɵĳţĵ׽һ޷㡣ǧҲ˿һ䶨
ֽġΣ
Ԫں˵ˮС󣬱㲻ٳˡĿڴͷ˵ʮֻ
ûԼжáʣʱ˿̵ģܴ
һԲ֮ҹ
;򿪡ֽľƣػҡ뵽һᣬ㱻ž㱧ȥ
Լٶ
ڵţͬʱ򿪡ȴء
Ԫ˺
ĬĿﲻٶ˵ʲôΪȰס˵Ϊ뵽һЩ׷ʡ
ž㱧ԡءѱˮ뽫ŵԡˮʱȴǰѱ΢΢ץסˡƲԸ¶
Ԫ
ƸоʲôɿЩˮرߣÿڶߵķ˿
Ȼյ۽ˮѾʪǰһƬѡ
²⡣
ﻹ΢΢һϡѻָļ䣬֪Ǹˡᣬֱʱ
Ԫ㻹ҡ
ָԵ۽ǵᡣָմȾһƬ¶ȡ
ĵġģôδй̬ȣ˵Ŵδ˵˼밲οֱƽ󣬲ŽԡС漴ҩԴ塭
ڽӡ
ž㶼Ĵ粽տвҪ뿪ҲլԺܡʹ|尵֮ˡ
ڼ䣬ҲһֱѰˣī٣Էƾʧһ㣬ҹ֮ٿѰ
һ档
ʥ֮սս½һѰбҪķҩһѻ㹻ľսʿ
һ


186 ֮ս
ǡ
ս
ԶھǱԵ
ҲһɱķΧСܵۼϢ, ƾնֵľͨھǴ÷з
ǰۼhץľ񡢾ˣԵɺµü, ˦Щҧŵɱʿ
ܣЩҲɱǣǷʤҲǸ鷳ԼںֵԽԽ, ھѹ£Ҳ, Ҳ, ˱£ü
Ҳûڼ褴
ʥ֮ˡ
Ϊ̫ö, ֪ս󣬻ǻˡ
ս
Ϊڷľڡ
ۡ¥ֵ, սıŲòˡӪ, ӪΪɢԹ֣Ϊȷӳʥսʿ潻֡
һӪڰ׼սĺ֡
ʣµһӪʳý䱸ػʳǵĽϤ, 뵽ս֮С
ۼhѾν֮ɾžıŲԿʥսʿõѡ
̫ȴ̫ͬһ㡣öѾһˣԿ, ţ൱ڵһȥ
ۼh˵Ҫѽ׼˭
̫Ľ͡ӻʵۼݱ, ٳδԾž㶯ֱ֮, 㡣̫֮Ҳ顣
񡭡
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̫˵ۼhɫѿ, 䣬㰮ɣһҲ˵ˡ
ۼhҲ̫ۡ
ս
սǱж׵ϽԾǵΣգر߹صľӡ󽫾ѲϻҲܸϻء
ֻؒεס
ʥսʿӦΧڡ

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⽣ӰѪѪ¡սǲ̶顣ûĶֻĲͬ֡
һΪʥĴڲñ֪ҲҪס;ͨ
һΪ뾡Ϊ;ˮ֮µѱ
ڽսС
ʥսʿƺֳܿһˣֻҪˡΣ;ˮܼ֮ս
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ӪûԮ֣ʧ١֮ƣڸߴսĵۼ󣬻һ£
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¡
ѱսͶʯ׷ױ˲֣Ҳʱ죬ΪͶĲĳؾʯֻǱճƳʯСҩţƷʵᣬͶҪҲûͶʯôϿ
ڰɫҩű׵߿֮ʱֹգ
飡
ҩڰձǧĩ
µľѩһ㡣һֵġЩ̱ȴζ
ɢƮ䣬׷ۡǺǣ޲ս˵ϡ
ۣãƬսϵգһ㾧ӨȻȴɱ
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һЩ۳մʥսʿʼͣ٣òܿƵĻ
ʥľսʿһֱ;ˮ˲ǳ̬δµ;ˮ塣
ҲδԷ
Ҳ͸뵽֮ˣֶҩͣͶգҲ֮ͣ飬Ƭ֮¾ǣ˱޿ɱܣܱһʱҲֲ˶áΪҪΪһսϣ
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첻һ
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Ѿڽת
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ʹȱʧİ翴͡
Դһ
ָ׹⡣ӰһţߴȺͶҩŵıȥü壬Ҳû˵ʲôϡ
׹ƿա
ת
һ㳯Ͷҩ˱ȥ

׹
µвʲôֻʲôһȡ
һ档
ٿһɫӰӹսԽɱҶɡʥˣϹʦķһζš

Զ
һƬ춾УǸ൹µˡ
ס
ڿʦʱгϳæȵͬʱӭжϣΪ;ͨķʥ̨
ͬ˵أĸһ
ʥǸ
ʱ˿̵ľžΧϣҲûסڿնҪ;ʱȴһЮ׹İ衣

ٶȶϵĶˣٶȲݡ
ͬľ
ý㽫ֻ
ǣǾžĶ֣ȴһϸ¡

磬սѪȷͬʱ
ʥڡ
һֱӪӪϪʥŮҲõҪĽϪйصġδȫڸǵĹͱ˳
һЩ
һЩǵõĳЩˡﷸ
ʥǰ˵һ顣Ϫµ
ǲɱˡС
顣Ҫ׷ݵңԶʮǰʱİϪֻһСС䣬һûκμƽꡣ
ԭķˡ
ȴԵʻ¡ⴳʥؽī
ʥĵ
˿̨;ˮԴһ⡣ĵط޼ϸ࣬¥ڹӰ΢һɫ۵İϪϥš
ʱ
ҲʥŮڰжĵ顣ʥŮʥԼֱϵҪ⳾ĹҲ£
ûֹҲȥڸˡ
һԡ
ҪøĻԲڸǡ
ȥ顣
Ѿڸǵùˡ
ĻʲôѱۼĻҲսˡ
;޷ջءͨ棬Ҳûϵı󣬵սµĴѾˡ
ĳһСС䡣ΪһʱҰɱ֣˽ԷˣڲͣĻУһʥ߲С
ΪλöԺ㡣
ҲΪλھԡȴ޲Ǹˣ֮£һеֻԼ
֪˼ȴ֮ӴֹΪֻҪԼĶ죬;˻عʥκνףһоܻԲľš
ϾҲжĽڡ
߹ԼҲ͹Ǹˡ

ʥ֮ǰץ˳ʱ
ϪûзƵϣɫƽĽԤϡ
֮
ʥʹҲɫʱϪϲһ˿
Щ飬޹ءʲô֪
һ£ߣô£Ҹһړ
ʥڴϡŮ׶ȻڵߵӺ
ʥڲԱһЩȨְĳϡߵȡ
ʥŮ޹վڵڣȻʥ󿪿ں󣬱㽫ϪµУһһ֤Ҳϡ
ܿտ
˵л
ΧĵԽŶϡ
ϪеУ඼ĬˡҲٴʥŮ޹ġԼʼնδ뵽Щ顣
ʥŮ˺赭дΪԼ⡣ɫ̹ȻлĴ˵ŷ
Ľ
ĳϡۺʥĲþУӹɵһΪôϪ
Ľ˶⡣ϾЩʥս࡭
ⲻص㡣
صҲһУԼĲþҲôˡֻӰϪ֤䲻𣻴˱ΪδԼһͬۡ
ʱ
Ľսٴأ
սʿ;ˮϢʱȻ󲨣˷׷ױɫͶ԰Ϫʹý֮ǿп;ɵĺ飬ʹ;ˮİ취׷׶԰ϪͶԱĿ⣡
ֶ
вĿʥ֮ˣ
ȻϪҲϢ𾪡һۣԲµ˭
񣬲µ˭Ҳûˡ
ʥյĲþϪЩǻˣȫǲս֮ϣݣ

谵ĵ
ƻ΢ӰӰ´צĹҪɵӰеˡ
㲻
ȻѾˡ
ҲѾϰƺ
ϪĬãˡֻͻȻ뿪ˣ֣ȨλҲôһ¡
Ҫ
ҲԹ
ֻû뵽ݱľ档
Ҳƽȴһ˿δʲôĲþģЩҲһһΪʥ壬ΪѰ;ʥѾ
淸˺УҲֲҲֻлŲֲ


ʥһսʤ
ǾһһҹĺսõĽץסһЩڣ򳷻عʦ
Ҳ֪ʹú֮
ԹʦΪԲųһϡ˶Уӳ档
Ҳֲ˶ãʥ彫ڽȴʥĲþ
ͬһʱ䡣
ۼҲü޵Σ
ǰ
ŶİҲڴ˿̱ѾԤ϶·Խʿɵĸӣ븴ĻĶ
ŵ븴𣬲ǵֻǾսԹ֮Ϊʮǰ֮ɱǧµ򽵾


187 ó
֮
ʵ̼ݱ, »ʼλҲǺۣΪʵ¡£, ɱձΪá
ȹ˳ձӵǰȴһս, Ϥս
鷢ʮǰ
ۼǰΪ, ǧ֮ϣʱѾ, Ҫۼȥ
ʵۼã飬ȻǲԳġɾʦīݳۣǰǧ¾ˡ
С
Ǿ轫֮⣬ģǰɡȥӡǰоȳ蹫£һ顣
ûѡء㲻ΪԼ, ҲΪˡ
*
ǡ
Žա
ǽĳ, һĻǺ, ɼʿ߾ġǰİΧ֮С
ΪлǺӡ
գѽ, һʱ仹ûжĶսȻǳ顣

һ档
žʥܾ󡣱һսһһҹ, ڽֵĹԶս
Ҳû׷Ƕֻܴһ·µǽ徰Ѱȥ
ս
ǵ
ҲڲĹĵòࡣħѱò, һЩƶԾžȻá
콫ʱ, ¶ˮʪ⡣֮ս, Ҳβ
ҹŨīȾһĨסְİ׽
һоģ֮Сˣӭʪķ磬˭Ҳ֪һ̣Ὣ˭Ѫյ㣡
ž̬һţƣҲ԰Ǳ
ƽ֮İƯ峺ҲȾ
ļ䡣
һҹĽ콥
ֵĿʲôѲΪֹΪҪˡ
ֻһ˵£ŵýҶص˲䣬̵ۣ֮ǿ졢ת˲ɱ⣡
׹⣬
Ҷ
ɽѩһĨޣ
ֻѩסɫӰƿڰս˲䣬ǧһ˲ǧɱһ˲䣬貾ף
һʽɶɽ
ױȵĹҫɢȥ󣬲ˣһ֮صλá
žغ˹ԵĺˡֹܺܿסΣΧҲ飬ﳾֱ
谵У׷֦Ҷ¡
Ҳڵˡ˵ľ֮Զվ֮󣬿ûˡҲûѪһ̣͸Ѫ⣡
ꡪ
ѹֵҲѹƲסŻͬʱҲܿƵĻ¡
飡
һƬҶ
񣬰ܡ
žԵϢ󣬻ǰ߶ӭ΢ɫ£һֵ׷â֡
ǽ⡣
ɱ
㣬鷳
ꡪ
һ΢Ŀ֦ʱ
Բ
žڵһʱоˡת۲΢ܣҪʱ
ӣң
æӰΨġ
ž㿴ʱɫδ䣬۾ЩΣյǣ˿̶լԺﱣԪȴ֮˽뿪
ģΣ㣬û㣬ͺܵ㣬ԲҳѰ㡭
æ͵ڽ͵ͬʱСĵԼϵɫ
ܣʵԪֻʱ޾ǶսѾôû¡ȷе˵µ¡
Żʾž١
¡լԺе˶ɽķŴ¹ҶԸ˵ҲûΪѣֻ³
žԪá֪µĻ˼ͺãҲˡ
ˣֳ뵽ʲôĲһ䡣
žĿھͣƬ̡Լż޲ζգɱ⣬Ԫ뿪
ó
Ѿ󻼡
ᵽˡɱ˾־Ʊزݣһûʲôв
ȴйء

žصլԺʱԪѾ˯ȥܺõתѵʱ䣬Ȼ٣ʱڻС
žԡϴһѪȣϸɾζķƽհõ޹ҲֻʣһЩζ嵭没ҩ޹
ڴ
Ԫ˸ɵ̫ãѪ᲻磻ƽʱĶֱɢ¡
Ҳ֪޾
ڿɡЩϣĺûɢʱĴС
ϧ
ֻ뽫ӵ뻳бСջǲķͷ
ľ
취ΪܾȴûѰǸˡ̣˺˻
Ǹ֮ĹϵΪΡ
ҵ


188 ٴ
ա
ʱ֡
Ӱ뿪ĵľ͸
װµ͸һ˿, Ƶᡢ¾õζ
΢ڡ
ž㲻֪ʱԪߣһػƺ¶ߡȻʱ˯, ˯ȴһ˿΢Ķѹ
Ƕ
Ԫһ΢΢ӻʱĿ䵽, ûҲû˵ֻôĿݡ
Ժܿѹˡ˫, İΣԨ͸һа, 漴һƬȻЦ⡣
ˣ
Ԫ⡢Ҳ˾䣻Ҳ˵úܻƮë
žеһ˿Ц⣬أ˵ҡ˵ʱһ㸧üۡ
˵
Ҿͻˡ
۶һ޵ᡣ
Ԫ˺û˵һǲ˵ѾĻһ֪ôءϰ߳Ĭ
ֻΪڻ淢ȫһ֪, ŻżȻǵĽ̸, ⡭
⵱ĺˡ
ָ, ͣƺü, Щͣ԰׶Ĵ, ָ⻺մһ˿Ө
ԪָҪ̽СЩܿ, ȴʹʲô, ЦЦӡü, ˵յҲ̸ʲô⡣ָŵߣ򡭡
ɫһ۾ᡣ
ž㶯΢΢һ١漴ʶֻǱ۾ֻԺ󣬲ĵ΢΢˿첻Ū뱧ŷ˳ƿȵȡ
Ѿܿˮ
ϴ׵
žֶһЩϢ˵ɫ˺ܶࡣ
ңȥߡ
ԪĿ⿴˵һ䡣
žԱҪЦŽ
ңԼߡ
ԪٺҲᣬעȥĻ˵ʲô
žĶ˶٣Ҳá̶Ĳ´ȥ
ߵú
ĥһ˵ġž㿡ûа㲻ͣΪĹҲ졣ϲݱĸо
⣬кãˬܻϵҶ϶͸
һصĹӰ߲
һ·ĹӰá
ƹȡ
һµ԰ӡŸɫƷֵľջޡɽ䰵̨ͤ羰ʮֵĺá
˷Ը
ڴ˵رϯ磬ʳϡҪõĶһһϡ
ȵһͷ
Ԫһ·Щˡ
ֻһ½̫õĽǣûԼĲأǶھЩͣ˵һ䣬ˡ
žЦһͬҲûȥˣµͬʱͤȥ
Ԫ΢΢۾
Ԫ
ỽһֻ˯ȥЩôһ·ˡ
š
ԪӦһϸúߣȷʵЩ˵ƣ룬֮ۡ󣬳һЩ˵һЩһЩӲϵĻ㺡
ҽ鴦꣬ʹԪ뿪ԪҪȥ
Ԫûлش
žƬ̡ɵõͷȥŷѲ֪ʱڻ˯ȥǳĺƽȶ΢ɾ
ʹûӦ
ڻеůҲİ

ʥˡ
̣ǰ𡣴⣬ڰյĺҲԽԽߵʼ౼߸֪ǰ
ܣ˿ɢһС
ɷϵһǣǴĵƲĵģǰֻΪѹģҶ˵һɱ
ľ᧿ΣǰϢҲͶЩ಻ס˼ˡ
躲ó顣
ۼhܻˡľƣҲֹۣһֱûйע飬ܶںſʼ顣ŻԼǰӴһ·εڡ
һС
Ҳֻ
üּʥ˽žŻἧ褡
Ρ֮ϡ
ɭϣӭ죬سǵĽʿޱ飬ݡ
ۼhϳţңų⣬ھ֮лѩӰ
褡
۾ϵİɫкۡӰʡϰ˺ڰ֮ϰԣйΧһҲѡ
Ҳûʱʹ;ˮӱ

ΪʲôҪѣ
褻Ϊۼˡ
Ϊʮǰǧµ򽵾źһѪ
عںǱȻ
İգòװڴ˿˱սǣ
ԣŲݾΪԭֻҪԶ˳ԭؽ磬ǾԶҵٲš
ۼˣЦһȴ⣺ߣнڣսոܰҵЩһ벽ǵĺ󳾣
齵գ
ۼ˺ɫ΢٣Ȱ
ˡ
ͲǼ仰ܼ򵥵Ľ
ùˣʱСĿһмңǡֻһݽ


189 ޷

Χܽš
ֻǰʥ֮δܾлӼ츴Χ, Ļ̻, ʹҲ
ܼѾʥ, ɹʦž㴦žҲֻýפڹʦ, ʦΧסٳδнһ
ʱ䡣
Ԫߡӹ, ҲһӾ͹ƣοҲںǷơ
ֻԪȶһЩִʥ֮£ΪҲȷ, һʥ֮лʲô鷳Ƿܼʱϵûǣ, ܶ鶼ȥˡ
һ档
Ѿ׼ǵˡݡ, Ͷʯȵ, õϵƻ߶һһ
ԭۼh˵ӡڵۼh׼ϢϾҲûһ˿Ц⡣ͻ, ܽܣʱһͬ, Ϊλݱ, ֵܷĿ
ٽǵǰһҹ
ҹ¡
շתߡ
ȻԼһ, ʲôҲˡֻ޿κε, ֹ򣬿浽ʱ, ŷһԶûס

, ȴ͹žơ
λӡôҪ𣿡Ҫܲϧߵһ
˻ش
ֻĻҹɫĪЩΡ
Ⱦһξƺ
ҡҡλվˮر, ˮһºƺмǣԱӰ빬ȥ
һֱš
פܣӦԹǵʿսеĴɱɱһ뷽ΪÿʿиǿĹʿֻǱѰ˸ǿһЩ
躲˽ʿȰ裬ϳ¥ϣľˮ棬һɲһέϯһѭӸﵽھǺӵĸֻȻ
漴ӺҪһ̸
ǺӶ԰
ӦҪһѩۣĵɰ㿡һͳǵ죬ԡ¹ٺɢĹӡ
ֺҲӳ¥£䵽¥µĻǺӰߣһ˲жԥ漴ӰһΣڴŵ߹
ɫһҪ鵶Χ
ס֡
漴ֹµľٶֻԼ躵ľٶҲ⣬㲻ºͣжԷľ롣
躶ĻţֻʣΪʲôЩɬúĵѹֵ̫õĲס
ͬ⣬褲ٻش𡣡
֪Ϊڰմ˺
ҵľӣƽճ֡
ĵܿеƽգָǺ˰ɡԽԡ
ֻƽûлش𡣱ϾЩѾԶ׼ˡ
ĵƳţȨһֽҪңһھˡϤɱ𣿡˵Щ⡣ʵ¶ҲΪԡ
֪
ڹƳ֮󣬻
̾褴յĿ꣬ǹ⸴ʢѣǴֿϺƽҲԸ򡣱ϾҡҲֵһ
ǡ
ЦȴЦǿЦĵһӿϵɬ档Ϊֹһ飬ܽܡԸ⿴顣
ĵܡϣңκƽ
ֻҪ˿˳ԭؽ磬ұ֤ٷԲ
ս
ˡСС䣬Ҳһʻܲһһ䣬ԺƽֶδﵽͬĿꡣ
Ҳּ
ˡĵܿڿˣɼǵԼҲһѪĵһѪԵЩԭ仧ľˣǲǺӼأʱź˷֣ǸߣΪĸ롭úֵļͥʹ˷ֱҲɼҡǵĺҲž˵ѪǸ룬
ʵ
ѾЩ
Ļƶһ£ˣֻ浽ǸʱҪҲ޷褵Ŀģֻڸ
ǾҲĵݵǣܱ֤ǰգݵ𣿺ŽǱ㽫ɲɵˡ
ˣҲ޿ɱ¡£ѵȫһ鷲ף¹˼ȫԾڴˣѾֲȰžƣЩȥɡ
ĵܣȻҪλãҸ㡭Ұλø㣬ֻҪ㲻ٴѾңֻҪһа
褿áŻ˵֣Ҫģ𡭡
صĿԡ
ת֣ȥɡҲòˡ
ڲԶڹһЩǰ೼ƺЩˡ


190 Ϊξ
ʥ
ϵİɫ¡
һƬ̨տءĳʵرİɫʯש, һƬտĹ㳡, ʯ, ĳֹɵΧƹ㳡
˷, ʯ죻Ϫ㳡, ʥĹϵͼ¡
ϡ
絶һ㡣
Űɫ׵Ľ죬ʥк󣬱Ҫ˽˴Լ̡, ֻԼѪϴ
â, ¸߸߾𡣷һĨ׵ô۵ɭȻ⡣
ع
ߡ
ѹڵĶ, , ڴ˾Ѿˡ
ھʹ¾
˿̡Ļᣡڡߡ¡ڼϮ˲䣡ǵͷڵϵٿȻˣ
ͬʱ
ϪҲͬʱ˶̶ͬʱϱһΧĽʿ, ʯӭ
ܹơ
ʮսʿлءֻҪﴳȥȴףߣҶϺ󣡡Ϫһƽ, ׼Լ衣Ϊʹ̹Ȼһе, ûҪ룬ֻԸǣ
ǡ
Ƹû뵽˾ȻҷʥоĽ˰, ųץסǡ
Ҳʱ
һƬغŵĹϵ¡ͻӳ, ǳһȦɢγɻɬķͼ
̱Ӱͼ, ʧ, 쵽˲գۣ
Ȧͼɢȥͬʱ, һУûзһֻʣЩҵĳУִսʿĹҲѰĿꡣ
֮⡣
һƬУͼ֣еİϪͬʱֳùӰʧȥǶ˻ЩŴѳѣʱ
һˮ֮ӰɫһŰСȥ
˵ʥǺܿ׷ϡ
ƽýߡ˵رУ෴ر𣬵ȴϲΪ޶һ˿Σ
ûʲô⡢Ҳ޺⡣رǰʱ˿̵龰£ϪֻǿıӰûиȥ
ΪʲôҪңǲϵߣʵ벻׵ĳ
ī΢٣Ϊʲôܾ㣿
֮ã
ǰˣϪδ׹ǴȴҲʲôˣ޷ɵˡ
αִš
˵ţ죬գʧ
Ϫ׷ȥʱѰӰ漴䲻˵ʥȷʵǾ֮ء
˵Ϫ
뿪Ѱδ
ʥ֮ڣҪһҲ¡

ʥ߽硣
һƬɳءЩӣλõԭա
һѾʮ־Զļ̳ǽ˪ɹƶתبų档
ǽʥصı߽ߡ
Ⱥ˶ʱûһȺ֮Уӹһ١Ҵˡ
壬ΪЩʥڼѹֵֶ·ȺҲڴ˵ĺ£˳һܶԿʥ˾
糾һػɳ
פڻĮͷ˾ٳδˡ
ڼνսС
Ըоʥսʿٺģ׼һֽͬʱһˮ֮Ӱ˾ƲӰһŶ
Ƭľɽʯڣû˲
Ƭ
ҲʥؽͬɽˮҲӦ˾סֻʥɽˮ˵Ļࡣ
һƬֺ
һӵСԺӡԺɹһЩ·һЩϹ߲ˣΧһƬȻ⡣ǽѷһЩũߡ
ǺѰӵũԺ侰
֡
һ˲ĺ߳ͯҥỺҲһ˿޷ݵǳ˼ǡ
ң·ԶԶŮ˯磿˼˭֪
ˮɽߣѩҹãԶŮòܼ
̶̵ļʡ
ͣظš
ϸϸ룬һƯ˿ߣвɵķŻһݰ𪡢͵ķˣûʲô̬ȴҲüãһŮ
һܻġƯĺɫȹ쵽ȹڣһƬƣѿ˶ȹжġȷе˵ֹһڷкܶܶ಻ͬɫʽȹ
з
ν
Ҳֻһѣûʲô쳣ȴͻȻסĶ̧⣬ֽĴ·Ǹλվһˡ
˭
º
紵ҶУһƽûκȴָŵô
ؽţ޶⣬ֻЩ棬Ϊλѡڴ˵ذ


191 ֮
Īֵˡ
ʳĪĻ
ϧ˲ɵ, û, ֻߵ֣΢ĳʽʽ˵, βܰʡȷԷĻǷһ˼
ʥ, ˮ𡣡
ƽٴ
û˿˵ĸ顢Ҳ޶⡣
˵Էǰһ仹ֻϧ˲²⣬һ仰ǿ϶еĲ²⡣֪ܿݣ
ôЩ, ̽ǡ
ʲôϵ
ǧ˼, شȴһ˿
ϧվ, 䣬ȥֱվԺɫӰ, ɫһλ, ݿ, ɫƽϴһ˿, ȴ˾׽ֻ˼ɡΪεı䵭, ѩ֮۵
ī
ҲûϵԷһˡ
ϧԽɻͬʱ΢ǰﲻɫ˼, ֪Ҳˣ
֮, ԵʻˡԷ˵һЩ֪ǵ֮, ͺ̵һ¶, 밮ŮҲʹʧɢʦ˻⡣ǰֻǲ²⣬д𰸱ޡ
ϧ΢΢һ㶣⾳֮ˣ
ʦûлشΪû塣
ϧڶݵ֮˼΢һ˿Լãϣ߸һ˿׽͸ĸо
ĵҲڷɿ˼
⾳֮ˣȴһֱʥǡŴ룿ǰߣ㲻ٷ˼ǺߣһŮˣ
˼䣬ҲԭµֻнŮߵˡ޹СľңҽΡ֪ʥ֮˵£ܽңΪβܽء˵ţ΢΢ԼĻС
ú
īŵ֪ʵݵӦֻѲ״̬졣䲻ԣмѰΪ˲ԹԼ˼á
ϧԻعƬ̡ȷ仰ֻǳ˿в벻ȫغ󣬲ŵҲ㹻ˡȻصǸڸáҲ֪˭ΪλЩ飬֮Ӧ޶ԹʥҲáҲգŵ飬޹أڴֻһҲ𽫷˵ء
īˡƽлһЩ˶ˡ˷̸ֻΪȷһЩ飬ð֮˼¡ԭҲûʲôֻڵƽЩ
ԼȻ˵ĸоΣգ֮˵Ļȴŷ
ϧ˿û˵򿴲͸Է･һ˿ֵķꡣ
īȻתɫﶯ˲һ⡣ٶȼ졢쵽ó׷ϡ
ֻһ仰ƮҶС
˵Ůƽ
ϧ΢㶣ȵȡΪ˵˵䣬ʩչṦ׷ϡųԺ⣬ްټѰ
ͣ룬ȻתߡߵòüȾ˼֮ɫٴ׸ҥ䷴ͣ
ڻصԺʱ
ϧ˵״̬Ѿָ·ʲôҲûзһ㡭ƽ潫Ժ
ֻǾ䡮˵ŮƽĻڼ̵ĴѡԵֻססġ
Ůػƽ
Żص
˼ܿϵĺɫѡ˽̸ļ䣬ѱңԶ
ǼҪõϸϸ죬ǷҪʲôԼټϻ᲻Եù׸ÿ
ϧ˿ǼӻáǲӻʱԺһŻ޵޳ӰҪ߽
һߴꡣӡܻɫʮޣȴ෴һ˿󲻷
òҲд˹ĵʣЦº͡ͷϰһЩĿСӣϴż飬֮һƫ˿۶
ڰŪһ׺ȹϧʱѾԺĽ漴ջأ̧֪뿪
СģѡϧͷҲصĿڡûȴ֪ϧԺſЧô
ϧ̧һֻżҲǣҲǣͻȻеûаҪء
Сģ
ϧ˸ûֻǴߴٵǴߴٵҲ͡
ϧû취ֻø˽ȥڿϧʱϣжļֲ̫ȷ
зʲô
ϧ˽·ûСȻϧôһᣬӣûἰıҪû˵ֻٴδߴȥ·
īˡƽлһЩ˶ˡ˷̸ֻΪȷһЩ飬ð֮˼¡ԭҲûʲôֻڵƽЩ
ԼȻ˵ĸоΣգ֮˵Ļȴŷ
ϧ˿û˵򿴲͸Է･һ˿ֵķꡣ
īȻתɫﶯ˲һ⡣ٶȼ졢쵽ó׷ϡ
ֻһ仰ƮҶС
˵Ůƽ
ϧ΢㶣ȵȡΪ˵˵䣬ʩչṦ׷ϡųԺ⣬ްټѰ
ͣ룬ȻתߡߵòüȾ˼֮ɫٴ׸ҥ䷴ͣ
ڻصԺʱ
ϧ˵״̬Ѿָ·ʲôҲûзһ㡭ƽ潫Ժ
ֻǾ䡮˵ŮƽĻڼ̵ĴѡԵֻססġ
Ůػƽ
Żص
˼ܿϵĺɫѡ˽̸ļ䣬ѱңԶ
ǼҪõϸϸ죬ǷҪʲôԼټϻ᲻Եù׸ÿ
ϧ˿ǼӻáǲӻʱԺһŻ޵޳ӰҪ߽
һߴꡣӡܻɫʮޣȴ෴һ˿󲻷
òҲд˹ĵʣЦº͡ͷϰһЩĿСӣϴż飬֮һƫ˿۶
ڰŪһ׺ȹϧʱѾԺĽ漴ջأ̧֪뿪
СģѡϧͷҲصĿڡûȴ֪ϧԺſЧô
ϧ̧һֻżҲǣҲǣͻȻеûаҪء
Сģ
ϧ˸ûֻǴߴٵǴߴٵҲ͡
ϧû취ֻø˽ȥڿϧʱϣжļֲ̫ȷ
зʲô
ϧ˽·ûСȻϧôһᣬӣûἰıҪû˵ֻٴδߴȥ·
īˡƽлһЩ˶ˡ˷̸ֻΪȷһЩ飬ð֮˼¡ԭҲûʲôֻڵƽЩ
ԼȻ˵ĸоΣգ֮˵Ļȴŷ
ϧ˿û˵򿴲͸Է･һ˿ֵķꡣ
īȻתɫﶯ˲һ⡣ٶȼ졢쵽ó׷ϡ
ֻһ仰ƮҶС
˵Ůƽ
ϧ΢㶣ȵȡΪ˵˵䣬ʩչṦ׷ϡųԺ⣬ްټѰ
ͣ룬ȻתߡߵòüȾ˼֮ɫٴ׸ҥ䷴ͣ
ڻصԺʱ
ϧ˵״̬Ѿָ·ʲôҲûзһ㡭ƽ潫Ժ
ֻǾ䡮˵ŮƽĻڼ̵ĴѡԵֻססġ
Ůػƽ
Żص
˼ܿϵĺɫѡ˽̸ļ䣬ѱңԶ
ǼҪõϸϸ죬ǷҪʲôԼټϻ᲻Եù׸ÿ
ϧ˿ǼӻáǲӻʱԺһŻ޵޳ӰҪ߽
һߴꡣӡܻɫʮޣȴ෴һ˿󲻷
òҲд˹ĵʣЦº͡ͷϰһЩĿСӣϴż飬֮һƫ˿۶
ڰŪһ׺ȹϧʱѾԺĽ漴ջأ̧֪뿪
СģѡϧͷҲصĿڡûȴ֪ϧԺſЧô
ϧ̧һֻżҲǣҲǣͻȻеûаҪء
Сģ
ϧ˸ûֻǴߴٵǴߴٵҲ͡
ϧû취ֻø˽ȥڿϧʱϣжļֲ̫ȷ
зʲô
ϧ˽·ûСȻϧôһᣬӣûἰıҪû˵ֻٴδߴȥ·
һ档
СԺִ
˵ŻСȷе˵˵ֻˣһͷβֻŲ廰
ܰƫƫԶãе鶼Ҫϰܵ
û취ϧϲ徲ĵطôһˣ϶Ҫ
˵ϧǱġ
⻰ǲ˵ˣ
˵ꡣ˵ǸͰһֱû˵ĿĴ
ٴ¡Ҫ֪ˣСԲ˶ߡ
˹ϵҲǲǶҲЦǼʱ˵и㣿
ٴ¡
Ȥ


192 

ڳսݵͬʱ, žҲʼʥ飻ǰһս, ʥ岻ս˲, סʦȫһ󷨡Ҳ󷨣ʦһƬŨ, Σǰеʿһ
žû˽ȥڰźһ˺ԽУһƿʥڹʦΧϣ
ǼѴݵ, ҲѵĽƣƻ, Եǿ, ÷һ˲߽⣡
Ӹ߿µӰʦڵͬʱһҲɢ޲ɢĽС
Щڰʥսʿеĵ, ѾΪŵ˲䶾ζ֮, ׷׵һƬ, Сӵ졣
ת֮䡣
һصʬס
һЩֿܵʥսʿ, ľžҪεƴƿ롣
ಡ
ӳĵδܽӽĿ, ԼͳΪĿм¡
ͬʱƿն, ǷùҩĽӿ, ֿܵʥսʿսһƬʥսʿֻ࣬ˣܶţܿڽսĹа·硣
սС
žѳ;ȥ
;ڣƣϹһû뵱գ;տʱľȣѾ˺ܴı仯аޣƮŨѻƺӿѾȫͨеľΪΡ
žڿն۷ΪĽ롣֮󣬲ɷ˵̤һ𣬱ǧͬʱŨɢһƬ
;ͨڡ
һƬ纣׵ľ󡣷ֲأӿĵƷ紵ˮûй̶ķ򡣴˷طƲİ
žס˫ܸţĹУΧİΪʵ̫ˡ𿪵ܿԭλãֻµĹ켣հס
ر䡣
ζȴһճʪ֮Уѹȵ˺
֪졣
н䱸
УԽԽӿȴʧ
žվʵʱ
һƬ谵޹Ŀռ䣬ƣӰ˺ɱ졣ԶƽߣһԹߣСصİӰСӵǶ׷ȥİ׹罣һƬѪɫ
ǡ
ʶؿԼָһ˿ϡ
֪ΪΡ
ܾøոնֵԼ
˼ܵĪӰеĲԾ뾯ʶ䵭ֻʣĻ粻ٶʱȻԼһƬսǰĻ谵Ҳɢȥ֮Ҳ
ս࣬ҽա
谵ѻɡ
ء
дһ΢˵С޴һ˿ƶʶʵĵĿǻ޶
ɵõͷȥֻһСŮͯ߸ǽֱսŶһСŮͯס̶˲ڵȥѡ
СŮͯʵ״̬СҰףѪ
ϡɱ𪡣һ˿Ϥĺۼ
š
΢΢΢ɿ
ʧȥ
СŮͯһ׹ͻȻ΢һ۾ĽǾ֣Ҳ峺Ưӡ
һ˫۾
ģļҲһ˫峺һš
ٴν§סһֻ̫ϰߵĶţԵСϵѪ
ಣ
ƿУ
ž㿴Ҳûһʮ˲ı䷽ܣ
漴סˡƾŸоսսȥ
ʥŮĪħ߶;
ס--
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ڵ·飬֪ΪΣȴЩϤСڽ׷˦֮ٶȣڻﲻͣСŮͯƺ޳ҡ
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ֱֽʶǿңȴһʱ޷ȷ⡣
˼ֱе˶סһĪͷһ̿ô½ͻȥͷ
ͷʱӰ׷סȥ·ż۵ӣһֻǺӣȴ֮⡣

֣

˲磬޼䣬ݾƯĺͯҲһ˲Ⱦâ⣡
һ˲䡣
ļӰСѷ⳾ļ䣬ģڵģ޶˸ֵĻ棬бһƬ硣
ýߡ
дʶ
ƬļݵøٴȶʱϣУһƬΣءҹµƺӿħѷ֡ŰϢŨҵɱȾ
ҹȾѪɫ
ɱ¾𣬻ҷ˲䣡ڵɽɱʿΧԶϣǰͺ
ɱ
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룬Ƶļ̨֮ϡһĨССӰǸ塢İСͯƯµףŮࣻǸС쿴ػסΪСͯ׵ľ
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Сͯһ̨סֱ̨£ƵķΧͣһƬѪĺǰžӨĹãϵİʯϣվһȺȨλˡ
СͯˣƫƫԴ۵ɻ󣬡ĸħΪβúֱӶ֣
ʥʥŮλߡڿСͯ˿ʥ¼Сͯˣ㶯֣ģħԼԼħԴܳ磬˼ԡ
ԣɱҲ˾쳣˵Ӱ쵽ҲС֮ѾôԸˡ
һԴŮӱң˿༫ܽĶŮȻüãȴҲЩµĺۼ档ʥŮܵվߡ
Ƶüϡ
˭ϳĸŮ
һǶս£Լһֵܶˡʥ֯վߣСͯŴ·ˡĸᵽֵܶˡʱһ˿ϲüңҪλأ
˶ʥ뿪ֻʥŮĸûԶһۣʥŮڣԪ޹ĸһ⾳ܷʥѰأԼ⾳鷳;ϵԭ򣬼Ȼ֮ϣͬѰýⷨ
аգ
"ǻСģʥ󲻱صġ"


193 
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Ѿˡ
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뿪޶ȱ֤أȥҲһǻصԭ㣻ƬأںˣȻҪȡȥˡҲȻزסˣ֡
ۼhüͷ΢壬ȻƽͣҲΪǴսͲп᣻Ҫߣսֹս㵱ǾˣҲֻߣԭؽһƬͬվڻϣûʲôԵ
ֻλá
ƬͬϦĻʣûǣһ˿Զ˼
Ȼԡ
ĽɽûסˡҲͬİ·
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֮Ҳû˵ǰǸȻͬ⣬᲻ֶҲҪĿġֶҲҪס
ʱ
ɰйϵŻҪͬʱҲڡȷʵˣ֪ǾҲˡⲢ̫ȴ˶֡
һжתתֻԭ㡣ǰٴξϧһֶΣһİսס
Ϊ
мˡ
ھĳǶֵʥ弫Ϊӵǰʲôͻ⣻ž㰲ĳլˣǲǰھǵĳЩؼأб䶯Ʊ㽫ȫȻͬ
뵽
ۼhĵ̾˿ٿʱѾ˾ô
ɶ΢ɣԼļƻ˵ˡսѽβƳţָտɴ̸ǲܵ顣ڶԷǼ褵£躵һİա
̸ս⣬Ҳӵ㹻ʱ䣬˴ųߡǳţǽһҲǼ褵ıҲҲǼΪ֮
ô˵һͻƿڡɴ˷ˣ±ˮ··ûʲôҪٱ

ҹȾѪɫ
ɱ¾ǧܼһ۵İ׹⻮ҹգ
׹֮
׹£ӰˮиƼƮҡ׹䣬ܣȴһվġ˱סãһϮȹڷҷɡ
ſҡ
дһ˿ڷȴýסľž㣬÷ɶС
Σ

þžϾ˼̫ܻ࣬µܿΣȴκ˵ıܡȫһƣâ
ſҡ
ʹڶϡɲǣ壬Юǵܣ
˲ش
ҲһѪʪǰѣȶʪ󡭡ճζ
ĵ΢΢һϡ˱øеǣ׹䣬ֱԨһƬڵˮ̶ˮһƬĺâܿڻˣգ̬ˮӣϤɡ
ǹصģԪ֮ʵ֮ӰĶͶ䡣
žİĿ޷ļ䣬ֲ˾ôһ£ɷϵһǣԼ죬ԼҪʲô֮ȴ䣬ĳĪֹ

ȴ΢΢סҶڽڻؾ;Уʿɱ׷ɱܼһش׹¡

ñָաﲻ̫ԣɣȻһ˼УȴֻһĻĻ֪ΪΣȴԸĻ档Щʱմҡ侳Ļ㱴
ƻ΢ҡҷеҩһеĹƳ桭
ҪβſϷŹң
ͻȻϸĶҲ΢΢һ١
Ҳɱ㡣
ֿҰֻ·ͣһ·׷ɱЩɥҲǰͣ׹£ЩˮС˵ɱңʵϣҰĻ᣿
䣬ȴʣ絶ġ
δδ˼һвأ˭Ҳûɶ˺ȴͻ
ԭһֱѹĵ
ȴħ

޴տļ̨ơһУ壬һɫӰϥ룬һ磬ħһ㡣ϴһŵϢ˲׿ֺԼҲĳ֮С


194 
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Ƶĳš
мڵϳš
δȼ, ǰ, Сű, ű, صľӣֿ֪ס, ͷѡܶӡ
Ҳǡʱ
躴˸ϵǵļײϡ
Ϊ֮ǰ¹Ͻ, ΥһɾãǶǺ, δ
Ȼڽֵ·, ɲʱٴС, 浹̫ҡΧ̡ҼһŴհп
Ѿ찵ˣȴҲ֮
ҹ˷˷
ݻҶƮΧЩ˵źѹѹһƬȺ, ȴŰûʲô, ֻѹȸС
˵󡣱ĬŵȽֻʣȻ
׳
û˵
һԵĴѾޡһ˭ϡĽͣ
ͷˣͣΣ
ǣ
ɱǣ
ԣɱǣ塪ӴмһûȻֹʹ
Сûȥע⡣
ڷ׷Ӧߺ, ɱǣھ߿
޼ɵĶ
ֱֳ˰켧Ҳû˵һ仰, ŲɵͣҲЩȲϣ褸Ͻ, Ļʵץ
£
һӲɵóʵǴʼռ褶û̬ҲδʲôԵı仯ȴЩɵ
Ҳʱſڣ壿ߡ
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аǸͰġϾҪǵıҲǡҪ壬ɲҲȥˣ
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褲ٴοڣ׿̸Ҳڱľ֮С
ϣźҵѪǲЩᲢۣ
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ˣᡰһ̶ĿڼϣľƣԴֶȫƿԡֻҪһ£ھؽ񣬹ʹҲʱ⡣ΪʲôҪνĺ̸
ڵĻЩͱˡҲֻ䣬˵ĸоȻͶţֻǾʹ¶ۣûҪ
Ǻ
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躾ʹһԴ档Ҳã̸ҲգֻҪǫ̃˵ġҲȷʵܳΪɵݣʱߡֱǰͣںҹĽֵ
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档
ʱ
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žҹ£⽣ӰѪȷ硣ûжʿѾɱȥ˶Ŀڼϣ˭ϻһΪ˷йԾĺޣֻΪԼΪ
˱Ͳ࣬£ܿɾ֮ǰĴ㡢Ҳбľ򣬵ڿһ£Ϊͬϣ뿪ʱֻʣȻԡ
ѪԼģҲб˵ģѷֲһϵģʹ䡢䵽˹ǰѪɫһƬҹѼ⡣
һĻӰս֡顱һƣڼϣһѪûзʶء
ɢ
ҲǿΧսˡսճһƬտһµӰʯһƬҶ
սеӰת¶һſЦ⣬ȴ޶ëȻλεķ֮

ʵһôϵļһ񣬲㹧Ҳð
ɡ
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ͬеһлȨ˳£ǾĻʵۣǷˡ
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ԣҵʾڣ
顪
ʯ
һǿӼɢվȣЮ絶
˽Ծʱ
޵ֳд壬ȴδֳʬҲҪŰǧ

ٸҳԡлȨҲʱ˵ʲô
֮¡
㱻áѵˣҲȥ׷֮漧ʹ
һϦ֮䡣
䣡


195 ³»
ħ
뵱ʦھϵֻͬ˾ա
ִҡ
˿༫
ž㱻ڳ, ʶħþԽԽԽǲ, ԽΪʵǰ
̨ķ
߼Ӵ󷨡ͬ󷨵һ֣ʶΪ, ֪֮ܲΪ, ȴ֮ܽڰĶΡ
һȫ͡˵
Ұֻ·ʡ˲Ҷӵ⣬ԼһĨѪɫӿһֻգ۵ɲǣкâէ֣ӿѪ֮Уȫ, 粻ɽİ׹Ѫ, ȾѪĻٿʢţ
Ԫ
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ȻѰ㸡ֵϤƺѿڶгͬʱ, Ҳһɺ⣡
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;
ħþеľž㡣Ŵ׹µĻþѳһĻþ֪ǰһУȴһƬϲɫʱķ
֪졣
˿Ҳݡ
ֻǰ֮Ըá
˿öɫƮϵˮߣǳǳˮݡ
ડ
һƬˮһ䣬ƮһƬϸ΢С
ڸߺ΢΢̧֣ƿͷϵĺͷ
ž㡣
ûֹֻȻ͵ߣҲʲôԵ͸¶˼ȴϣͣ¡
ȴûͣ
ֻƿ˺ͷܻЦϲ糣;ƣæµƺû˲Ȿľٶ
ȫħþ̬ķչɣȫʵͶ䡣
⡭
Ȼǡ
ɴء
΢ʵĹӰ¡
һױݾµС¶ױݼҲ죬ջĺɫ
Ӱ㶢Ƭָ̡ӣͣ˵촽ϵˮߣǳǳˮݡ
--
һƬˮһ䣬ƮһƬϸ΢С
ͬλá
ͬľ
ħɵĻþ¼ķչӰ仯Ϊʵϸµ̶ֻΧһУĳ򱻱ԵȫڻþУǲᷢЩߵġ

žѾʶԼĴȴܵһзչֻӰ̬ķչԼϣķ
һΡ
ס
ξϲƮµĺ񣬶ﱻĸͷִһ˵ָ޳ָڷŵС
ϲӳ¡
⡣ָ̧°ͣʹ̧ͷĿ⣬Ԫҡ
ƲԸķӦ֪ʵͶ䡣
롣
վǻĴս
ߡ
ˡ
̧°͵֣˲ӺݺһšʶĹ⣬ǰӰʬ޴棡ϮƬռ䣡
á
Ҳݾá
֪ǻþԸʳ٣жǲԲִħþĿ֮üʹ˼ҲʳԣΪ֮ԸãΪֲĵź
ƺ
Ʋɢļ̨ܡ߷׷۵ͬʱĳεд׹üıѳ
Ŀ⾪ֶʹࡣȴϥԭز۾ҲûϣĿѣѪ
ͬһʱ䡣
ںֵļ̨ģһֵĻɫӰҲ۾۵һ˲кǧ
ɢŷ
ε˿裬ȥͬʱҲһּΣյ״̬ɱ⡣г˯ħѣ
һһɱ̨ʯɣǧкУӰӰ´£뽫þġѾħڣҲӰķΧ
Ч
ȫ֮
ħþеһС
˹ɱǿأ̽ĵĹȾָĹ֣
飡
̨ڵϵĳʯ壬ȫ棬ݺݻܵʥսʿ
ʱӰѪɣ
±ʯУž㷢˿Ż߳ĳҲٴαʬڰ飡ֻδ͸ʬ壬ҲԵùѪȶˡ

̨Χ˶ݵƽȥһš
̨ϰƲɢһݵӰĲӣӰҡҡ׹ʱᵹ¡ڼ̨ΧԵҲǹɢЩ¹̨סʯϣҲۣ
һƬģ
һϤӰ֡Ⱦİռ£ɫ˵Σա
ʱ
һ޷ΣϮ
ž
Žгڡ΢ûֽ˾ͱɳȥ
̨֮¡
һƬĺɫˮ̶ݵİӰˮУһƬˮ˳ûаʯˮһƬ뵴ˮס
ǰһ󷢺ڡ
Ԫһ˲ʧȥʶϢѹȣʶҲڻɢԵ
ʶץסʲô
ˮݣʯƣҲֻƾűܵ븡ˮ档ҵ;ˮѰˮ߸ԣгˮ棻ҲҺµĵطˮǿץסʯ
ǰڡ
˶κʱ˿ʲôҲоֻǽֱʶΣɱڿ
ɫۣ߶ӿϵʯ壬Ҳѳɻҽûƻÿһ̤
ͣڰߡ
Žڽˮгˣɫ޶ԣ΢ǣЦϷʣ͸һ˿ֱëȻ


201 ʵ
ˮ̶Ѫ
Ŵˮ, ʮ, Ƥ, ֱѩ͸
ϡ
һɫ顣һ, Ե쳣ۣͣѪɫˮ顭
ž㿴ˮĿǿŷ΢ɫһĹȻ, Բκζ֮У̲ɱС
֮
纣
һ, Ӱ, ĶţĬ, ׯ£ƽĿ⣬ŰߵһУԪʱ
ˮ΢
ˮϣ˻СֻΪԪˮĶ΢üҪû, ǰˮǳѳ硣
ˮģ
ʶѾɢ
ʹ/ˡԪʶץסʲô, ץ, һͽˮק
Ͷݡ
һ˲ת֪ʱ, һֻƽסӡ

޷Ϣ
Ҳ޷˵
ֻһʹຮ͸
Ѿûһ˿, Ψһ֧ǿվ, ֻڲϵ֡ѵ̧֣⿪ֻƣȴ޼£ʪˮѪɫ䣬¶ֱۡ
顢ԼڰӰ²ԵһƬۼȫ֪ģʵ̣ԽˣԽǷħþһС
ŵһŨ㡣
㡣
ҲʶͶ䡣
ǻþ
ɱ
ɱӰʶ徲ˡ
š
ɾţѾ΢΢˼סݵڻذ׵ȹȾ;ˮͬԡѪһѪܵġ
ڷ
ҲЩࡣ
һħþǰһѲţΪ˼֪ںδͻȻֵǰ

̧С֣һ㸧աܻҲᣬ봫ʲôѶϢȴһֱڷ
ֺ
ûһ¶ȡ
ȴǰеĻþΪʵǿҵӰ쵽
Ԫ
һ䡣ĳЩǿҵԸǻþܵӰ죻ǻþܵʾӦ仯
ȻûУΨһı仯Ԫں΢һµĶֱֻ䡣Ӳǿŵ˼¡ǿ֮ĩɳѣ˾ôʶĶš
ǡ
･ĳЩͷ
þžЩˡȫڻУ˹Ԫйϵ;ˮҲıԼ½ڡ
ĵҲһ˲뵽˺ܶࡣỳɡҲãΪ֪ǣʱ֡
ϸ˼룬ħþеһУıʵһжмѰΨʱ˿µôԤ׵ĳ֡
ţҲֵûɡ
Ԫ
Ԫ

һỽ
ʶʵڵĺ̽΢
ϲ԰˼֡ĵлڣޱɱѰĿ귢й
ӿߣӰ֡ȥȴһ˲̨ף밶ֻɵľ롣
žĿĵɱʱҵĿ꣡ں˭ֻ𣬲ܷй

ǧһһ޴ĽԼƿ֮٣ƲɵնԷϸܽһ˲䱬ײ
䡪
۵ĹâƬ
ʦ֮
ͬһ޴Ĺը̨סʯ塢Ӷɳ飡ҲѿĹ֣ˮ̶ѪˮǿϮܶž㽫ԪڻҲսֻ뿪о֮δ΢΢Ŀȥ

žϳ
Ҹһ˺𣿡ʰˡкȴδһ˿һ
ʦƶһ¡û˵Ӱʧ
ž㶢ʧķֿڷˣ΢΢һϣʶøһЩ̶ԥ̺ɫӰʧȥ
ζԷ
ֻԼжϡ£ԷȻ˵Ȼһİɡ

ƹ̨ɹ;ˮ̶һİխɽȺΧ߽ʶ峺һΪɽȣɽˮƲɫ
ɽƺžɾһ㣻һϵΰ磬ѹ˴
Юʪ⡣
ȴ΢
γһֶصĵڰ棬ľ죬ȴ޳ޣҲûʲôܿء
֪ʲôط𣿡
īͣʯש̨״ûлͷֻǵʡ
žûлشɫԣ۾ȴѾ΢΢һ˿ܵĺ⡣
ξ

ʦ˵˴Ϊʥչ֮棬塭
˵رʥءȴΪ;Ŀֱʥ帹أ˴Ҳͱסڱÿˣѱʦɾˡ
Ψʣ֮ˡ
ʥ˶չأ壬һֱδ죬ʥ֮Ѫܽ롭


202 
Ƴء䱻ʥ, ;ˮҽΣҲЧ
Ǻ޶ա
ʥŮ޹Ԫϡػڼ̨е֪, ϽžѲ֪ٺ
Ľ
ԶԶĽ֮Ὣ˴;ڼ̨ϣħþѳľž㣬ʧɱ
ڡ
ûھžϣԼĴʲô
⡣
绯ʵʡ
ױ̨ϵĻƿ˲ɷĩʯ̵ĵ, вɴʷ, ڵµʥŮ޹ܷ˻, ɫҲ䵭, ɫܲ԰ףˡ⿪;Ժ١
ֻ
ڴ֮ҲˡγҲûгɹвʣȴҲֻҷ£ſʥζž䲻ʥ, ٴξ
һ档
ʥľ桢, ɫΡ빬һ·, ϵľʯľ޴ʯ̨ףԳļǡ
硭
ֹ
ǽӡֻǶԼʥ鸴ԡ
治ǰ棬šһǻӦҲͣһƬɫ½漴ץס, ˶
ôˣ
ɵʡȴС
ǡȥĸ𣿡
š
õ˻ش
ֲ˵ˡ
״̧żǰߡҲɾק½ǽ
ԼҪˡ
ʵҲЩԡϾѪԵϵ, ޷İһ̹Ȼ
, ҩ
ڰһֿڡﻹڵŽҩ¡
Ӧһáȼʥ, ȷʵްöδĸףڳžΪСýҩ֮ǰѡߣûм̫ϣ⣬Ҳ޷Ҳǻصѡ
ʥڡ
Ρͼڵɭϡ˲һԵ⣬вʥڲԱڳԼںλʥòųأǰľڸԲ
濴һʱ΢ֵòԣֻɫСܻԭΪǵ棬ȴû뵽ôˡ
ʥڿǽԵŲᣬҲصڼտĵڡ
ڻ

ϵϡ
չʽһЩ
ʥ¶ĸ飬αþ桢Щ̫ӦĻرܡվһѾҲʱĥ
ûй׽
ؾᣬЩ飬˵һ󣬱ֱ⣬˵˹ƶҪžҩһ¡
ڳ˺
ȴ˽Ľ̸С֮˶Ҫʲô¡
ᱻ¶
᲻Ƕ֡
ʥǣħߵĵơ
ʥҲ࿹˭ôħߵĶ֡

˽ɡ
һʧ
뾰̶ֻͬʱͱĿˡŶɴҲԵøδȡ£ʥɻҲδʡ
£Ҫӳ顣
ʥƽҲֹס˽ˣħ䲻ҪѰٷ£սթĺԲţƶһ£Ѱⷨڴ֮ǰȫɱħ߲Ҫ
ԣ
õģƶʥзɽ⡣ǼȻѾѰħһ£Ҳͽȥ졣
ЩӲСܵҪܱûʲôϣİʱһЩ˵ϵʧ
ʥɫ΢٣û뵽ᷴôֱס˽ĵ˵ڴϵ£ٹȫЩ
ħ֮¹ʥ壻С˰ΣǴΪʥ֮˶дħδ֮ǰκ飬ҪȻƶһ£Ҳִ
ˡ
Сܵ飬һԼͶԸѲ
ͷβû˵ֻڲɫʥ󣬵ĿּŲ
ƽֱˡ
ʥԾһֱ׾ܾҲûжŭϿûټ˵ֻⲻ˵˼ǶڳڳϵĽ󣬱ȥϢˡ
뿪
žҪ뿪ʥе˺˵˵ţʱʥ˽
Դһ˿롣
ֻΪԼģó׽Ĺ

ʢ
ھһʱϺ󡣾ٶȻָƽ֮ϣҪְλҲϢб滻
³ʼٷϴ£ַһһϦܳɣǰδеķæ֮С

ҲԪ£Ҳ͵֪ʥŮ޹˵ĶֻûǰشϢɽͻȻ޹زӬһڳĴѰʲô
ʥŮ޹˾ƾմƬʧһ㣻ûг¶档
Դˡ
в²⣬Ǻ⣬Ͼƾʧ飬Ҳǵһˡ
ֻ
ġ
ʥŮ޹Ŵʥ֮ǰҵλãòɡ
Ϣ
͵֮ǰ
ѾĹˡϵʥŮ޹˽֪΢йӴ𰸣֮


203 ڵ
ʥ
͸ա
֪ʱ, Ʈϸ΢΢ҶϰϰһƬʪţͤ, һȣȵľͷɼӰ֣ʥŮ£
ͤ
Ů档
ͤ
ЩѰš
վһԡɴ, һֲദıС
ڵ, δѰʣΪ⸱װ磿ʥ̽ĿھƬ̺, ͵ѯʡҲδþеıɫа˿ıļ
Ҳûش
ֻȡ˶ɴ¶һŲ԰׶, 䲻ġϣһūӡۡ

ʥǰȥ֡
ȴ˻ɫĶңҪ˵ҲǿĮ룬鱾Ѫ
̶, ת˻⡣̸йƶ֮, Ѱýҩ, Ҫע¡
ħһղʥ㽫ðǼȻˣ͸Ϊ˾һǡ
ҵĻش𲻱䡣ʥ֮, ޹ء
, ľأ
ġ
ʥ޷˵Ƕ, ɳĬһ, ǲŻôҪȷʵ̫ΪˡħǰĸҲʵûа취ֻǼŸʤ㡣
ǻ˵δޣ㲻ϻ
Ҵ򲻹Ҳ˵֪ܶΪʲôҪ򣬵Ѿ·硣
һһ䡣
ŪʥһʱЩûϻ̵̸ҲδջǸôꡣ
⾡

ʥΣʧ
ʥְ𣬱㽫λóɡ
ûлشΪǰӰϪ˿֪һЩʥӴСѡķʽóʥ֮λͬʱһҲиεʥӡ
ʥͷοá

ΪԱá
ܹˣ
飬ΣʥٴѯʡҲ֪һЩ״ǶԭʵǾ棬ֱ𸴣ֻʾ
һ۴磬ӦáȻ֪Ϊβ̫ģ΢΢ͷİϣһ˿΢΢峺Ц⡣
ʥģĵ׷ЩĪΣǾ͡
Ǿûǵˡ
˵ţɾȲͤߣĸ󣬵ҽⶾ磬ǿȥɣڣʱһԪˡ
Ԫ䴦һ˲䣬ȴظоӦƬС
ʥ崫ͳǿɻǵã
ʥվͤûлͷʡ
Ѿ߳ͤ⡣
߾ǵáĻء
ʥӣôµʥӡ˾ΪȷʥΪΪպ󲻱Ҫķ㼴ȻԸʥְȨ㽫һУСĵܵܰɡ
ʥˣҲܸһ
Ҳͬ⡣
˾ǱȻ֮СʥĴͳϣΪʥ֮ˣΪһУ١ĸδҪǡ
Ҳͬ⡣
ͣ½ŲתվͤʢװӰǵĸ𣿡űɡҲʹһ䣬δٶ˵
ʥûлش
ҲδȵĻش
ٲȥ
ʥûֹֻĵ̾˾ҲΣǶҲƵ̫ˡ
ߡ
ʥ֮Ѳܿħߡ
ʱʥˡ

Ρİɫ
˪ˮǽʴۼͼڶЩĥ绯ļ󣬶ı£һˮ֮Ӱӹ
С
֮ΰ淢ֱصףڵص˵лС
Ѱ˶ԡ
ûжӰ죻ڴ˱չءΪ߶ԣȴ߻ħΣա
˿̣ڽЩɢÿһȻġ

һΪչ֮ˣΪ˴ȷʵһ츣أܸõϢ
Ϊʥء
ǳԾ취Ҳܽ롣Ҳȵþž㡭
װѱָͬʱžҲѾԪʯ֮УûκڴеŶݼ֮ѪΪý鿪֮⣬κ
ڵĽṹȴҲ䱾ռͺܿвʯҡϵʯסǽϣǶҹ飬еĵӰͶš
ڿͨ
һЩɫʮɼһЩɫֵƮڿС
ž㽫Ԫŵһʯ̨ϡﱧһ·ѾڷֻǺǱģĵ׾һ¡ʱɱ֡
ѹĵ׵
΢΢ͷһ¡̶Լڡɴ˵ĵУеĹУתΪ
 
ľ֮ȴֲͬԼЧҲûôԡԾžԣһָĻᡣ
ڱչصʥ
չߡ
׸֪Ķ
ʱ䡭


204 ٱ
Ԫʧٺ
ʦΧ£ȥ
һΪԪܿʥ
ΪžʥδռƻҲҪ˽, ̽Ӧ, ǷҪýʥ
Ծž
ÿһʱ
Ҳ˽ȥѶȴѶϢ
֪
¡ǵ˽롣
֮⡣
Ҳٶ飬н롣ΪѰž㣬ҲΪѰԪ, ô˵Ƥʧٵģ²ɿɾϡ
Ķ
Ҳ褰˹עšҲֻǹעδӸ棻оžΪǣʥ֮ˣδһ¡
ʥ
ʥһսͬʱ, ߾壬Ҳڽսڲƽ, ʥһʱ丹ܵС
֮
Ҳһʱ
ʥԭΪ
ʥŮһѽȶ
档
ʥһʱҲЩ벻֡Ҳ޿κΣڽɢӦսͬʱǰʥչصڡ
¾ơ
ѷܰ
ʥڱС

ķվס
ɫʯϡ
ͶһߴӰ
мͶӰƾȴѳ¾ɵӣ˳̨ʯʡʯһо󣬶͸һС
һױʯϡ
һԱϥ˿΢ʪ, źꡣ
տ, ܲ԰, ٵ, Ҳ, ͸һ
֮⡣
Ĺ¡
ĳ쳣ı仯, ·һƬӰͬΧϢһֳƵĺظС
ʥ衣
ͬ͡
ͨ
ડ
ˮջ䡣

裬ҡ
ĲδϣȡѹƵķʽѹƵֻ̫ܼѹơ
̫
δڡ
ھ쵽ʱ
Ѿֹˡ
һͣ
ͻ⵽ķɡѾѹƵٽ㣬߻ħ֮󡭡
нŲ
յʯ⣬һɫӰ߽
΢òš
ھ㹻£ԻʥΣС
ȻΣҲ
ɲǡ
߻ħ֮һڴ˿̱
ꡪ
Ȼ۾ѪĿʯ⡣ʲôҲȴܸоˡǽأ룬ܽΪȻ
˼
飡
һ졣
ʯűǧݻ٣
ʯУʥ׵屻Ƭ֣ˣڽ½ͬʱϢ֣һӿϺ䡣
̧ʱ
ѼһӰǰһͷɫķ˿޷裬İӣһ˿޵ЦݣŶȴ˸оһ˿һ¶ȡ
ʥ趢
ȴҲû˵
Ϊ߻ħЩңٿΧĻһʱ֪ǺʱԼΪڴˣ㱼䣬ǰ֮˴ϡ
ϣ
ǰˣһŻ޵Ůص
ڴˡ
ѯʵͬʱֽ̧ͷ񾭱˺һʹࡣʹ࣬״̬ȴЩ̫
ججġ
־Ļ硣
û˵ġϣ򣺡㵽ѰңѾͨˣ
ɤһɳƵĲϡѰòµӣźܴĲ
ͨ
ž㴽߸һ˿ЦЦĿʥ裬ϣû˿ֻкԽ
ȻʥԲңңἰ꣬ĮȻ
ң֮Ȼ֮ڣߣҲ㡣ֻǸӣοʥ˵ͬʱѲǰġϣȾħҲδܻóãϣԹĺݣ֪ģʥӵѪͳ贿
΢١
̧ͷʹࡣڿԳĮЩݵζ
ԭͣƬ̡
ٴž㡣˵Ź΢Ŀ£ڰһɱ
ǽһƬʯڡ
һ˿΢ζڳ¾ɰζԼѲõ
ʥԼΣȴһʱ޷ֱԺηһֱֱܵ㡣̽£ڿžһ˲䣬ɱ羡
Ȼ
Ҳͬһʱ䡣
߱һֵʱ䣬ٿһɢһּ͵ĳ죬类ѹȵĿһòôоȴ쳣ǿң඼ܵײͬʱžȻǿҵĽ⣡
ŵƿ죡ʵʰϮʥ裡

ʥ첻ܴأ漴һƬѪɫ
ɱС
žƽ¡
ǡ
С
ǰľž㡣ɲǼָ֮ɫ
žĮĿ⣬΢ЦȾаңˡ
δ䡣
ȻóʢԭϼӴߵһƣʥ״̬Ͳã˿࿹ɶ
飡
һ
ײڵŹͼڵʯϣ


205 
ʥ, ܡ
ܵԭ򣬲ֻ߻ħ, Ϊžвµİ֡

Ƴء
жһڳӡҲʱһ˿ѣǰľž㣬Ŀ⼫, һ˲Ҷӵķâ⡣
ž㲻ΪĶĿ⣬ҲĶԣϢڱ仯ţһǿĽٴ󡣴ʥĽǶȿȥâ⣬ͬȸһչ֣
ֻǽγɡ߱ʵ壬Լȴƿյ
ʥ΢
ԼµѲսз֮˳žӣһ˹, ٶȱ졣УҲЩ֮С
ֻܼס弸ҪѨλ
סѨλ
㶯䡣
ֻһˣʥأ㿴û뿪ˡ
𣿡
ž㲻ķʡ
ûаɱ⡣, ͬҲûаҪ顢˼
ۼ¡
н
㲻ɱң
ž㿴ƹһĨȡЦЦκ⣬ֻһëȻа⡣
Ҳû˵
ʥǵѪ, , վ㸸, ɱ, 㽫һӶܴ߱˵ض֣ȻָϣѾʲôʣŻʥڡ
ˡ
ֻʱԼ跨˵ˣȻȥ˼ϸ߻ħҵ˼Ҳ޷˼̫顣
أ
ž㲻ʡͣ·һѰ飻µͬʱѳ
Ҳһ˲䡣
ɱ⣬Եʵһǿң
ɱ⽣ݡ˵ʥȥ֮һʣֻǳޡˣ֮κԣ
ȻҲͲаԥ
ꡪ
ʥش
һ˲䡣ǧ򽣹͸ԷѨ޷е£͸Ľ˺¡һ˲ϣ
һƬѪɫɽ
ڱ
㡭
ʥû뵽ԥ֡ʹࡢţȻ϶ϼ̵̼ĻȫڣǰɫӰ˲һƬӰ
֯Ļν
ա
һµİɫӰ
ʯ֮ڡ
عڳš

¡ǵʥ󡣲δһ𣬶Ƿͷжڽʥ忪սͬʱ
ʶ˲塣
һжԵù˾ò
һֻµСӣֻëɫʰ쵵СϸСһɡ
С
ɲȴṩһ
һεĹСѰУաѾΧɽɫˮ
һ档
ʥ󷽵Ͽȶȥδ̨һʯɽһ·϶вʥѲţֱɽȵ²Ž˼
ɽڡ
һɽһĵط
߿ء
ʥʱһҲûп֪ڴ˴˲뿪ʲôò뿪飬ĪЩ˵ĲС
ơ
Ρʯ͸ŹϲɣϢ
ʥڴ
һȳضа߲ۼĻʯš
δ
ǳԡһƴܵķʽдʥء
º
ãҲδ˵ĻӦ
ʥĵ׵ĲԽǿֽظһ飬ֻԸûӦȻûа
ɽ֮С
޷硣
ȴһ磬֪ӺδѶϢʥͷɽԼʱķ
á
һʱɫ
ֻɽ·Ӱ֣ĳʯ
ᡪ
ʥ󼸺ʧ
ͬʱ
ʯŴһضƵ
ſˣ
︡ͷͬʱʥͷѾüΪأ̧ʯڽֵӰԭõ߾Ҫ˵ĻڿǵɫӰ
Ҫ˵ʲô
ż信ӣֻĵ׺һɹð
ô㣡

ңʥһսʤ
ʤ㲻ס
ȴҲ㲻̫ѡ
ʥࡣ
һ忪սܵءҶѾˡҲСߡù;ˮˣֲҶϽӣΨٴηǰһ¡
;ˮ
ˡ
ʥսʿ˳˼̨ķΧ̨ʥľ룻һɽڼ̨ⶼ;ˮγɵˮ̶ޱߣڼ̨ķΧ
һʱδܼ¡ʱפڼ̨¡ǵϢ


206 ûн黳
ҹ

ɭϵĴ
ÿһ䡣
ʥڲȨλ˶ۼˡ, ʥӰ, ֻ׵СӾĶ, ǴŰɫɴʥŮ޹
˵
λϣﶼ, ΪλͻȻҹټˣ
ʥڣ
ʻߡ
һ¸صĳϡ׷Բ, , ҲԪϼ
ʥڡʥ, ټλ¡
ǡϵĻδ˵ꡣ
㱻ʥŮ޹ϡ
ȲѶΪ֮
ʥ䲻, ħС
һ¡
˽Ծ
пܣ
ʥŮӺεϢ

Ӽ̨ͨʥ֮ءʥŮ޹˵һ䡣
зӦģҲԴɲ, ˾, ⾳п֪Ҳôҳ
ڴǰϢȷϡʥǰʥأ˫˫ѶƽƲֹ, Ҳҹټλµԭ򡣡
ʥŮ޹ɫҲ˼֡
ԡ
΢΢ɫ
¹ϵش, ٻʥŮ޹Ͼ˭ǲˣ
ҪǺã
辡˾ȳʥʥ󰡣
˭֪Ҫ콫˾ȳǰ, ˻ܾȳĻĻ
ѵҪʥ𣿡
˾ֱ, 綾ѰΡ, ;ĿʥŮʱֹܼһ, Ͳݱɽˣ
Ѿ̲סԭʥŮ
ǰ
˸͡
Ҳ˻
ʱ棬ҲֲʥŮΪ⾳˹ᣡ⾳սթ֪࣬ʮǰս𣬱ˡ
ἰʮǰ
˶ֻ̫֪һħ֮ĵֽ٣Ҳˣıҵ˼롣

ʥĴ²ƽսҡ塣Ҳʱ⾳ʧˣѶԭΪһйƽսȴû뵽õĺֱħ֮ҡ
Դˣ;ʥ⾳
ԭ뽫Ѱء
һбԲ
Ȼֽ١ħ߾⾳֣ٶңʥ彫Σ
ˣ׷塣ʥŮָԼìͷҲգ弫ֹֹ;ĳϿվвһŶʧˡֹԸ׳ѵҲҪסʥ֮أ¶ǰ
Դʡ
˻ɡ
;ܷӡֽܱܴ١
顢۵
ֻʣһԲֵİ취
ҲһϿ취
ֻҪӡ;
ʥڵ⾳Ҳˡ
ʥŮ֮ܣѵ治֮ܽӡ𣿡
۷׷ס
ֻҪʥŮٴν;ӡ壬ʥֽٱ㽫ӭжˣ
ܡ
ԹΡвҲΡ
һ䲻ܡ
۳ĽԭΡ
ڳ
Ϊʵ벻κΰ취ˡ
һ취
ʥŮʱ򿪿ڡ
ʲô취
ڳԶ񿴵ϣĿ
̸ֹͣӾ֮ˡ
ʥŮ޹䡣
㱻һ¸صĳϼᶨϣ֮ں֮ڣΪ飿
ʹں֮ڣҲܰʥ塣ʥŮ޹ĿȻĿϣʥս̫࣬ٳսˡս⾳ߣǲһвսֻߣиõİ취ܽ⣿
ԷԵĳϻش
ˡ
вٱʥŮ˵ˣô˷СҲеĴ˾ٻңϾҪսͬ⾳ˣͱ̤߾ߡ
Էսҧ
ʥԣְ֮
սҧ⾳֮֮Ҳûô
ʥŮ޹ǵ
˾ǣ˷¡һ棬ҲڿʼžӴܷõʥʥϢ
ʥ忪ʼ˾Ӵ̸ʱ
žߣҲ½ʥԪڣ壬ڴ˵ء
ˣźˡ
ǡر£ΪûܱԪġŵ͵žžĴãõøѡ
žȴһֱûἰ¡ʱ䣬ǼԪڵʯ粽տҴֻһֱĵʳѰš
һʯ
Ѻʥ˴Σʥ衣
ʥʥơ
Ȼڴ˵أ뿪žҲʼնûг̸ֹ֮СҲûлᡣѾҲûܼ
һʥַĽʥء
ѱ˼
ѾˮʯҺ˳
ʯҲ˲еļҾߡ磬ɴᣡȵȣϵһֻο¯ð̡
޹
ĳֲҩ
ҩζԣҲţ㡭ҩζڱǼ⣬Ԫһζ΢΢ѡѹĲѰҩζһĳůΧĴС

ˮ
΢΢ۣӳһƬˮ
Լ
ˮֵġԼδļƴ䵽ˮںڷ˿һֱֻ۴ǰ΢΢סڳԡˮеͬʱ壻ĴУʱȵˮӼͷ
΢
Ŀȫֻǰֱˣøߡֱۣ䣬Щȵ¶ȡ
žһ˲ƲˡеĶ΢ٺ漴ͣˣз𣬼һű̺
䵽Ԫϵͬʱ
ˮ̳ᣬ뻳еͬʱĿ⡣
Ȼƽһ˿΢ĲȻ
ź򲻺á
͡
ԪᡰšһɨڵʣҲ
Խ
ʥ
žὫŵʯϡ̵ű죬ǡôͣҲ˳ڴû£ǰţȺ󣬾ı̺Ųԡϵˮɡ
Ķᡣ
Ҳܿ䵽ĳЩλáˣҲ΢΢Щȡ
ˡ
ܱ̺
Ҳʵʵ̲סͣ
á
㲻ٶ
ڰŽƽº󣬸˱죬ϵı̺֮ȡ˸ɾֽͷϣϸĵʪͷ
ԪҲڡֻУ֪ʥ󲻿ɱ뵽һЩ飻һЩѳڼ䡢ǲģȴѪԵϵˡ
Ҳֻţûʳ
Եա
쳣̬֮£ҲֲֻᡣΪвɿأ֡
ȻѾȥˡ
ҲûҪἰ
žˡ˵΢˼ǽīĳ֡ԼľҲһ
Ԫ˺
΢΢˳ĬУû˵
ҪԵ㶫𣿡
š
žԸȥ׼󡣼Ϊͷǰ˿ʱĿһССİ̺ϡ
ͣͣ
뵽ʲôǴ̺ۡ
ԪԲ𡣡
ૡ
ԪΪ˵Ǵ顣
û¡
žָḧķ˿ĿϵĺۣԲ𡣡һ˿޷ͻ
û£Ԫûн黳¡֪³ҲΪ⣬ž㣬ڻáţҲ£뾡ϣ붯


207 սһ̸
Ԫȶ
ʥŮʥ
ǰ߽, һ̸
˾ʥ߳, פھǧﴦѾ뿪˻ĮķΧ
ˣ
зɳҶ졣ֹĿ޾ĻҰ, һɽκѹѹĴſ׵ľӣڷɳȻɽһ, ιķϢ, ֻʣһƬѹֵĳطΧ
м䡣
ֻһɫٻӰ̵ϯӣǰŰյ, ¯, ɢΡѹַΧȻ
ʥŮ޹
ͻȻһХĳ䡢˺ʱ
ʥŮ޹̧ķ
ֻʣһҫۺ޴ٶȼ, ɲѽϿգ, żƿնĻ⣻ԼԴĹҫ
ڰһѤĿĲӰ
飡
һѵĳ졣
ǰ
һμ侫Ӱ, ɢȥĹӰ, ӭ, Ρ۵Ļƣ·ͷ׵ĹʡЦüһֻĿȸ
ǰ
ͣʥŮ޹ǰʧšͽ䣬Ѥۻڷš

ϧСġ
ɣһȻ鴫
ʥŮ޹ֲ̧һơڼһỺɢǰķ糾𿪡
˵˵
ϧСĺȻǰϥտ˹˹ĵĹӡ
ŹʥŮױԷǷȴħ֮°ʧ⾳꣬Ҳϲһ
ʥŮ޹һ˿ײĽӲ
֮ˣѷʥʥŮ
ŶϧС⣬ô˵Ҿþӱ߹أªˣЩҲδʥŮϢ
⾳
ϧС˼
ʥŮ޹ЩһֱѰʧʥ;ֱŵù
ϧС˼ϴһĨ崺ЦݣʥŮֻᵽʥ;ħߴߵʥŮδѰأ
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֮ģ˽֮ϧСĵοӿʼڣʥŮ̸ôȻ̸ˣܸװףӦ˵䣬ҡһ·|
ʥŮ޹ΪڰָԼԼһ̸ȴ̸Щ޽Ҫء顣Ͼսȵ£̸鶼սйϵ
ԣδ̸ص㣬ԻҲ֮Сǰ˵Ѱ;ŴӾؾʧ⾳ʵ̫ˣ˿ѱ⾳գƻ;⾳ıߣ¶ˣٱ
ʥŮ޹⾳ս˵һ顣δй֮˵ȴԣ⾳սȾʥ֮٣֮Σʥ塢ʥеȺ
ʥ׵ܵ
Ȼݺ
ʥ֮󣬱塭
Ψսܹͬ⾳֮С
ϧСššδ
ʥŮ͸¶ѶϢ
⾳սȷʵΣʥ
ʥĴڣΪ⾳֪֮
ͨ⾳սʥԣѡ⾳Ĵڣʥ֮˶ֻһģֻ֪֪ع˶࣬ԭ
սԹ
ȷʥŮԣֲǻ֮ƣϧСмִɡ
ʥŮ޹ˣɫδ䣬ֻ͵Ϊ˵ֿ⾳˵֣߾սʿҲᱡˡ
ϧСһһеȣʥŮԣҲͬҲˡǰĲ裬ˮ峺֪İײҶƾƮ
ԴΪڣʥ֮ʥŮ޹˵΢΢̧˸룬ʮʾϧСò衣
ˡ
Ǳһ


ھž㼸粽տ¡Ԫ״̬ȶҲеֻѵʱ䣬Ȼܶݡ
ڼ䡣
žҲھܵľȻδ뿪а㣬⸶ķԸȴһҲ٣̽ʥýץĻбϢ˰ѰԪĸĸ˰ī䣻¸ʥǰ˽Ӵڼʵ͸¶ʥʥϢ
ʥδ
ԸΪ߹һ
žδбɱǹѪԵϵ߱Ҳá
ųϢҪʥʥҪʥǨ룬˵óȵȡ
һС
ʩѹʥԪ
Ŀġ
統ʥһ㡣
壡


208 δ
Ԫÿ
ᱻιСҩƷһġԵĶǾĴҩš
ôš
ҲЩɫ
ѵʱҲöһЩʯסˣһֱʱ䶼ڴɹ, ѵʱ, ´߶һ¡򱻾ž, ֱӱȥȥĵط
ʯ㡣
ܴҰҲ俪⼸岢, ɼƺӿ, ͷ, һɫʥ, ֡
ʥ, ԣٳв
ʹʥʥ, ںս, ֲˡɱɱֹޣֻޣֻ, ܶʼ
絲ס˷ڡ
һȴҲխС䡣ϣžϥ΢΢šһֱֻķ΢΢ϥ, һֻһһ¸Ż˵ˡ
֮⡣
ûлӦ
ĿҲ֪δ
֪ûҪ³ޡֻϣ, øº͵ֶ, ׮Թ
Ԫ֪, ˵, ȴ˳գʥǴ
žͣ˸˿ĶԱָᰴϣֹסҪ˵Ļ
Ԫɵͣһ¡ȴδϣΪҲʥˣΪھһֱЩжĳЩ鿴иı䡣
Թȥ飬׷Ī
Ҳ
̡֪
Ϊһ֮Ϊﵽľ棬Ʋһ硣ǺڣҲѾ޷ıĹȥ
˭Ҳķ
˭Ҳã׶ȡ˵
ԪڰƬ̺󣬡ž㣬û𣿡ѯʱ겻ɱⴥָʥ嵱ǴУУͬĴ
мֱ˱ĸоָ˳ƻСմ
һƬʪ
ٴûͬʱ
Ѿŵ¸ѹûнѹϣƿȫ¡
δϵд˾ٶҲûôӰ¡
ͷ
δĺ˿
˿ɢмƴϣµĶƮţɢ䵽Ĳ䡭һЩ˿˿ġ˿˿ĸо·˿ƺڴ˿̱ðΡ
Ǻᡣ
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.Ĵ䣬ż˱.Ʒζ
²ࡣ
Χ¡
Щȡȣ˶Ʊ¶ȰΧס
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΢ҡҲ΢ȵϢһ˿ζ
һʼǹŨ㡣
ԺԲơҲ֪Ӻʱ𣬾ûŵǹζˡ
һֱЦע¡
۾
־̫ʾˡǶĿ⣬Ȼֱرܿ
Ƭ̺
ž΢΢ͣ뿪Ĵʱһ˿ϸϸľӨˮҺԼ촽δĿȾ糺죬Щˮɵӣ˵.
һ
Щɡ
ֻҪ
Ҳֻ롣
Ͼڵ̫ˡǣҪţ֤ܺ
δǳĴꡣһ˿˵ãԴ˳̬
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ૡûͣ£һ·ʪǣŪĶ⡣
ֻ
ڣ飬Էһߡ

ʥ֮߳⡣
ĳɽˮĵط
һƬֺ
һӵũСԺӡԺɹһЩһЩ߲ˡ
ǺѰӵũᾰ

һŮĺ߳ͯҥỺһ˿޷ݵǳ˼ǡ
ȴּö
ң·ԶԶŮ˯磿˼˭֪
һƬžƵĶ㰵䣬һŲ㻪ȴҲصϧתĿ䣬˹ڡ
ٴȷһ顣
ѾûҪ·ϵĶü˼΢΢չϵİȴת£嵽һ˿ߡ
ס
ˮɽߣѩҹãԶŮòղܼ

⴫һ崺Ѿȥɬߡ
ϧӦһжûͣ
뿪⡣
͸Ĺӳһ޳ĻӰָȣߵϧǰҲʱȥߣǡ
á
ϧƻشЩĲɵġ
ϧСЩεĿϧˡĵ̾˿һֱȰûʲôЧҲڴ˿̶ԣ˵¡
ϧͣе߻š£

ϧСĳ˵ʥŮ޹Լһ̸ս⾳˵˵һ顣


209 ˼Ů
ϧС⽫¸֪, һΪ, ҲϧԴиס
Щ
ϧ˵˼ŮС֪Ȼ濴, 볣죬ڶǰȱݡ
Щꡣ
ϧһֱڽŮչ˵ġʱз֢, ֱ, Žָ, ֮Щ, ҲһЩ֢ȴδɢ
Ƕ
һϢѡ֪
Ȼ
ϧȷв², Ľ㣬ҲһҲˡ
ʣ
չü۴顣
һҵϧСİο
ϧ, ˼, еߣͬȥ
̫ΣաϧСԾܾ͵ս⾳˵, ǽʥŮ޹˵һΪʵ¡ЩϢ, ͸¶δ֤ʵ, вǷ񰵲ı
ͲȥˡֻǼȻ, СóȻ, Ƿס
, ˮܽ͡˽ʥ帹, ΣҲֵһԡ
ϧ, СļȻ⣬ͲˣǵһСġ
ԣ⾳˴һ£ʵ
ģһС¡
ϧС˵ţʣΪ˵
ϧ롣
ǰһԳƾ˵ˣѰ˴飬˵һ顣
ԭŲҪû˵ϵ˵
ϧС׷ϸ
˼Ƭ̡ȴҲ²Ŀĺ󣬱㲻ٶ룬ֻ㵽뿪ʱలżڴ˵ؿˡ
Էһ
˺ֽһЩ顣
ϧСĲŷ뿪
Ȼ
ǰŲ뿪
ϧ˺ž͸ųšѱõİʥ巽ȥ
ӼԳ⾳˵˺
˻ȥͷϧС֪Ϊ֪ľ£ϧСĲͬ⡭Ϊ⡣ҲЩġ
ߡҲûȥһˡ
ʥ塣
ʥŮϧСһ̸ɹʶ֮󡣴Żʥǰž㽻棬Ҫȷʥ衢ʥ˰Σ
ȥˡ
ĵֻħ߾žη壬ıܡ
ҵǡ
ʼնδž㡣ֻǱʯһʥʥˡʥ˴ΣǺܺãʥδˡһ֮Ϊܺõȥ
һۡ
û˵㱻ʥ
ڵĻʱ
һѱƻ취̲סַߺ޵ĵšǾܽأʥӡʥý룬ȴŮȺֱ̤ʥϣ
Ƿŭ
Ҳұֵ̫ԡֻŭ𣬻صʥϢ֪ڳǼַ
ϢʥŮ޹ʱҲ飬żǧԭפڱ߳ǵĴԼϧСĴǧ
Լһǧˡ
ʱפʥ￪ĵط
ʥĽȻֻмǧˣÿһһϾľ岿ӡ⣬нǧʿɱֻ֮ҪõõҲǲڵս
ʥŮ޹
һ±ǰž㽻档ȥʱֻ˼Լšڽ̸ĹУоԷ󣬼ҧһ
û
ֻţŻôƽ
к޵÷ࡣ
µľơҲֻ£ԴΪأѹʲôҲûڽ̸͸¶
ֻҪ
ȫžΪʥ֮ƿһʥ壬ϣܱȷѾ֮ϾɱҪ塣

ɽƾա
Ʈ䡣
ʥŮ޹ɽµİɫ̨״ɽˮһϮȹӰ㡣žɴģԽ˼ӡ
žû¶档
ֵ
顣
ͣȴ¶ȡ
ʥŮ޹Էû˵Ưδɫȴζ
ס
Ϊ򣩣
˴Ҳ˼֡
⾳ɱ룬һʥ壬ҲȺʥ֮Уѷʥ󡭡аʥӦȺֶԿ
ϧ㿪ڵĻᡣ
Ʒ֮ϡ
΢ĺ˿˵Ĺ΢΢͸һƬϼӰУݣı˵Ļȣ֮ȴζ
һϵӰ޳͸һ˿˵Ȼаһħг˯ˣһ˿иᡣ
ɽ¡
ˮ䡣
ʥŮ޹žһ仰µҭʹвʣҲֻܷˡҲһҪ˵ɡֻǸϣ֪ع;ѡ
Ȼ
ʥΪаɣ
׼ߡԸͷľžȡʥ֮λͬΧ˾ʥ˾ž㡣


210 ϧ
ϦµĻҰϡ
ƵĹɽɫҲƻáе, ǰ, һߴӰ
ΧһƬ
紵ɢ
һƬɫؾ, ǣһֻС֣
Сֵˡ
ǸŮޡü, δ, С΢ã֮ɫ, ԼһֶļȲ, ȴĿǣԼʱ¶һֹɵµΡ
ಽ档
ʦҪȥ
𣿡
, Ҫһֱʦһ𡣡
۵ͯ, Ⱦһ˿аɽϪȪˮһ顣
Ҳ㻹мˡ
ֻʦ𡭡ֻǵʦֻʦ, ֮
ǣסºȴͻȻɿˡ
ߵü졣
˼ת۾Ҫʧ֮С
ʦʦ𡭡
׷ȥ
ȴҲܴıӰۼҪʧ, ʦ𡪡
ѣ
һ˲䡣
һƬɫǻ
Եһץס˴Ӵ, ǰˡ
һּΪɫʧ, ʯ͸ĹӰУһֻӱץסδջء
ʶѺ
֮һͷѡǰһٶԵȥ, ץָҲûɿ
ʦ𡣡
Ҫߡ
æסȴδð˿Ӧ, ʱǰֻʣһĨӰɢ

ʥ⡣
һɽ, ɽˮ㣻һɽ, տġԪ׷վڰɫ̨ϣɽпȥܿһӰڲɽһȥ
в²⡣
㲻ôˡ
ʦ뱻֣ͲοˡҲδ뿪ԭǺΣ֪Ϸ˿
ûŮ档
ôһɽ⡣
ܷ飬ԪīĴΡϾദô꣬ʦʦุĽ̵δ©㻹ĿģҲܸıʦȹʵ
ʦ
ҲûڵʦһеĿʲôˡ
Ҳδ޹

ɽһƬƽֵ̹ơϪˮɺӣˮ峺ףʣ˴ûڿʦӰԪֻͣ·ɽʯЪϢ
ߵ
ѲǼˡûͣãһͣһҲٶ
߲ˡ
֪ʦԭ򣬴˿Ҳȥ̽죬һġͷζЩ
һŨŨϮ
Լ˿ȴ̧ȥѣʶģŻ᲻ʦʱһе𣬡Сôˣ
ֻ˺кøеŮ
Ԫסͬʱ΢΢ۣǾ䱸µķӦͻȻ㿴ǰסԼİˡ
΢
һʵĹˡ˵ǹ󣬲ΪԷĴŴ磬Ϊǡǡ෴ԷŴѰҲûʲôĺۼ
ԷƤüáɫ𪣬ʵزԼĲζһۿ֪Ѱ˼ҡḾϴеЦݣüۼ䣬Ԫһ˿ԵϤС
һ˿ͬžеԼʱϤ
ϡƵĺۼ
㡭
ϧҲڷǰŮ΢΢©һģ̲סʧϸϸнۡ
ûм
ȴڴʱ˿һǿҵֱ
лˡ
Ԫ˵һ䡣ǿվӣڴ¾ǰûΣպƣٴ糱ˮӿ
ֻ뿿ʯ
ﲻ
ϧ˿Ӻǵǵʡ̽ͷЩı
޷һˡԪֻϢһ±á"
ϧ˶Ŀδ뿪һԼƵͷԽж͵ʣСʲô֣ôһڴˣҪȥδļأôءô
˵䡣
뵽ʲô
ϧ̽һɫ˵ѿ뷢ĵϧ
ҽԪΪѰһ˲ųҪȥԪЩشҲܼࣺûʲôˣֻС˵΢һ¡
²⣬شһЩȴֳһûٶ
Ҳ̫ȷ
ޣϧ˼ûټ£΢΢ͷʾ֪˵ͬʱеЦݼʣסδ
⸽
˵⸽Σա⾳ɴѹôؼҰɡ˵ʥͨʥ;Ӧ˾ס
ǡ
ѰңԪǴ˵Σգζ
ʱδŮ棬Ҳ֪ڰиţֻҪϢУػѰ
ڴ֮ǰ
ȷµ顣
ҲΪһˡϧ˵ĿϾûƿ
֪Ǻˣ
ҵŮϧںڵͷʧɢŮԪΪħ°ʧɢ⾳ꡣѾĵ϶Ԫˡ
ԪĬһ¡
ȻԪҲҵ֡²ѳʵʲô
һ¡
ϧһ䶨һѱסԪǧ£ֻһૣѰ㡭

ҹ˼յý
һв


211 ͬʥ
Ԫһ̫ϰİйܵĽӴ, һ, ȴ޿ܡ
ĵĪİġ
ϧĳֹɵζ
ζܵ
ܺš
ҲΪѾ, ҲѪԵ, һ˲ܵĪĴݡ
ֹջһΥĳƺ

аٸн
ʱļ䣬泾ļ, ʱ䣬˶˫Ҳû̫ǿҵԸֱ˿̣ʶеô, ޼䣬һӵ, Իġ
ɱƬ̺
ԪƿϧˡָΎüõϵˮ, Ҳ, ﵣôꡭ
Ϊŵġһʱ΢԰ģ, ϧԽۣ, ѹĵ, ֻԪźδҪȻȥϢ
ʥ
ϧľ, Ҳû˵ʲô, Ԫ˵ЩѾ, ٶԪ쵽Ĺ, õģҵ壬ױ㲻̫ãűʥţһѰһȥԼ߳ģȴԼ߻ȥ
˵䣬ҪνͲźá
ǡϧ̽Եʡ뵽Ů˵ԼûʲôˣԽϧЩ֪ôģ
Ԫûشֻ˵ʱʦȡ󡭡˵ʱһʦģɼ
ϧ˵Ļشӡ֤Ĳ²⡣ʦԭΪˡʦȫȻ飬ֻҪ֪͹ˡ
š
΢΢Щʧ
ϧ˼״ҲûдţֻЩʲôŮУ²һЩѶϢʦӡ󲻴ȴҲȻɡԼԼоŮ˵ı̸ܶﲻԽ
Ҳûм׷ʡ
ת˻⣬һЩ飬֮»ǵö٣һ˿ɽ⡣ϧ˼ԪЩԼѸϡ
лл
һиȻ
ɽʯּ䡣
֪ʱһĨɫӰڴּ䣬ԵԽ޳㣬쿡ϧʳµϣһ˿ײĽŻ⡭
紵֣һ˿㣬ԭشǵõԪ˳ڵĻ֮£Ѳ̫ǵˣһʥ峤֪һЩʵҲǵãֻǼǵǸξʱµļ䡣
ǵҲգǵҲáϧ˰οҲȣԪ
ҴءԪϧ΢΢۾ѣֻЩ˵롣
ϧЩûף˭أɫʣԻСŮǳ
ž㡣
ޣһҪ𣿡
šԪ֪Է֪˭ž֣Ϊʥ֪
ἰˣضҪ
ҺܺáҴʥҲٶȽͻϤչˣ˵ʧ𣿡
ϧЦ΢һ˿㵣һ˿ţֹ䣬Ż˯ŮһۣǣҲѹĵû׷ȥ֪ҪŮ˭ȴҲȥˡ
뿪ɺã
Ԫ΢΢۾ϧεĿ⣬Һʧ𣿡ᣬһַƵƽȴҲϵ
ϧ΢΢ҡͷ
ֻǵ㲻аΪĿģֶΣǶͼ뿪ɺã
ң޶⣬Ҳȹҡ֮˺ңĴǣȷϣ𣿡
ֵΪڣҲﶼȥˡ
ԪҲܻȴ˲ŷ
ϧ˿Ůһʱ䲻֪˵ʲôľ棬û뵽ģžžĴ⣬¡
ûȥϢˡ
ʱҶգɽУһԵͳԵӰһƬţɽʯְ߳
ϧھž㲻ϢʱȻĴڣԪûֻ̧ܶȴоһԪ΢΢ְ̧סĿ¶Ŀ

Ҳ֪Ҫϧ˷½ĺѣҲܾʹɷչֹ
žߵϧǰĿ䵽Ԫϣһ˿ݲĵǣ뽫ңɫ糣ʥ֮У죬ָ
Ԫ΢΢ϧʶסɫǰһᣬֻʣԭԪϵѡ
ץסŮ֡
ûµġ
Ԫϧ˻̼Ŀֻܿοץסֱ£ϧ˵ͬʱʾԼ¡
Ȼ͵Ŀ⡣ϧ΢΢ƽҲŽɿ֣Ԫǿ˵Эˡ
롣
žϧɿֺ˵һ䡣ΪԪΪֶϧ㹻ӡ
ˡ
ϧŮȡʥڼžеû̫ϧԪչˡ
²ϸ΢
ҪЩȱ©һһֲϡ


212 
谵Ĺ
ͨһ̫ͬʯҡŲ, Ӱζ, ͶʯϵӰ, ӰӰ´, 
ʥƳصʥ
УĻʥ֧ŲȥΪʥ, ޷Ϊ˹ˣֻܽеǿˡ
˿̱
ʥŮ޹žһ̸δ󣬸ĻӦʥǨƣǰڴ֮ǰҪ˽
žӦˡ
Ҫʥ˳ʮ, ŷ 
ʥŮ㡣Ҫʥʥ裬Ϊ˸һ, ǶҲӦˡ
ʥһʱ΢
ӱ߳ٻصսʿ, սҲС, žʥһս⣬з, ʥŮ޹ȡô˾֮㹻ġ
ʥڱʱԶԶһϮɫӰŸߴ, Ű׵Ľ֮, ƾϵɰš
ʮǰ
ͬаħëȻĺ, 񷴵ԵĶŶ߹, ˵ĸоҲΪа, ǸΪ, ˵ˮ©Բȡ
ѵʥ塭
Ҫڴ֮
ʥѾ뵽գڰһ̸ͨܲԸȴҲòϡ
ʥŮ
ġ
ϰϪǰһἰ¡ʱûţڣҲ壬֮ǽµ⡣
ʥǨơ
Ǵδй顣ʥŮ޹˽°˵ֻȨ֮ƣҲɡԴ˾ٱʾŭɻǷŭʥսʿͬԭʥܵʥڲԱ뿪
µˡ
ҲֻüԸĸǨơ
ں󷽡
žŽԶԶ档Э飬ʮ֮⣬ʥˡΪԣҲΪӦͻ¼ӣѱֻǧవפʥ̨
һ档
˾һӽʥ帹ءΪʥŮ޹ļƻԾǨʥʥǼ٣þž㽫ִʥ档κ˶ľƣҲ֪ǾžҪսвԵԮ֡

ʥ
ʯ
ֻϧ΢΢Ŵ齶
Ԫڻ˯š
԰׶ݣŲ̬˲ۡ˵ϧһʼдߵͷҲѾûˣҩʹ˵صĵ
ϧ˲ұ֤뿪ҵİ취ҽұҲ޷žͬʵ޷ԭˡ
ûз飬Ů⾳ꣿĸŮһֱ
ǣŮȴΪ˵ϣĹۡȵȣϧܸоóŮȻȴǿƽƵᱻԻˡ
֮⡣
ЩҲʱûھžϷʲôߡ¶һУ̬ȡ
δĹϵ
ϧ̾һԪ԰׵С⡭޷ԭµĺ⣬֮ںδ
Ԫ֪ʲôʱǡһ仰΢΢Ĭһ£۾Բ𡣡
ϧҲûϵʱüİһ˿ϲãĴûй㣬ֻ˵˵
ο
ԪʱŮͨ˵ɽһˣԳСĸҪ
ŮԪΪСǷˡΪϧ֪ŮѾžɻʱҪںֻ֪˸̲δķ֮ʵ󣬲ƽᡣ
еŮôСǸʮСѾͷôأžʲô
Ʊز̡
֮Ҳٽз˶֡
һƺѣԪȻ̫⣬ҲŮ˺󶼸˿ڡľԪУžҲȻ顣
ŮĻº
ϧϵЦ΢΢һ£ʧˣ˵һ飬˵ʲôȻºͣȴȻǲĵ
ŮֽԪյظһ顣ȻԪŽüץ߸ߡΪԪĻǶԣͬķ
Ԫû̻ش
ֻ΢΢ϧˣԼĸҲûκӡеģֻǸξӣҲֻʶĸоȷǷ롣
úϢᡣ
ϧ˵Լȥ


213 Ϊ
ɽ⡣
ϧ߳ȥһӰһ, ԶԶ, Ͼλĸס
ɲܳʲô
һòӢĸߴϪˮߡ󽥽ĽŲ, ûлͷ, Ҳûп˵ȿڣ˰죬Ҳû, ĵ΢΢ЩﲻסˡɵɤӣЩͳĻʣǵ𣿡żʵ
û
֪ʣǵ˭ץߡʥģʵ˼Խԡ
˻û
ԪΪʥ֮, ʥʥŮΪ, Ϊʥһ, Ȼ, ħۣͬкԼˣԸʶ, 㻹к
Ȼ˵ⷬͬʱվں󷽵ϧˣѾôƽ˱ŭԼһ˿ͬЦû뵽, Ȼܵ, Ը֮, ŮһĹʡ
, ˵ʲô
ϧ˵ĳٳû˵, ˾ñ, Ϻŭתڸ˵
˵һ롣
Ӳֹסˡ񿨿һͻŵģŵøˣȴûֻšſڽ𾪣
㡭
ô
ʵ̫ԾˡڳڵĻȫǱܣ㻹ţ
ҾͲûţϧ˺ƽķʡ˿ŭԽȴԽ˾Ѿܷŭˡַŭ·ѹƽĳо
Ҳʶʧˡ
Ҳ˼ҵ˼ǡԴ뿪һ֮󣬾ҲûѶأܾãҲûҵйصϢһΪ㡭
һ֮ϧ˻ĸظһ顣ȻᡰһƳֺŭ귢飬ƮƮһһ֮ǰץߣĴѰĹУ˰зɱ׷ɱҵˣͷЩ飬Ҳ֪ǷҲѾҪˡ
˵𲻿ɬĹϧɫȴƽ˵ű˵һ
ꡪ
Ԫʧ֮ǰ˾òϧˣ֪ȾΪŮҲΪе棬һֱû˵ƴ¡
ʱΪԪΪʥŮݲҲԸƻݹϵһжԪʥ
û˹ǵ
ϧķѰŮʱŻ˶֡

¡
ƺҲ֪һЩЩ̫Ҷϧ˵Ŀ⡣΢΢תĿ󡣿£ɤӣһԭ̬Ѿȥ飬Ҳûʲô塣οѾˣʲôѾˡ ˵ɫ΢֮ԪѲ˸ϵΪҲ⾳Ԫ޹Ҳôʹࡣ
˵ͬʱҲл͹ϧ˴żʡΪʲôҲ
ĺ޳ܣû㸸׵ΣȻԸ֮˵ûʵĻĸףҵĴٽӽ
һƽ͵ƺǶ䣬˿ֱƽͣ˵ĿڿһϤİˡ
㡭
˱һͨĲᡣɫ΢΢ڽĵ׵ŭ΢΢ѹȥ󣬡ҪвЩԺ˵ʥ֮Ҳʥ֮ˣ֪ԴΪأԪг
ϧڲɫţµָ΢ϸ΢һ̲ɷ˵Ͷ֣
ǰ
ꡣڣֻҪ漰Ůİ㲻ãĵͣ
㡪
û뵽ϧ˵־Ͷ֣һʱЩӦԲ㵽ʲôĸŮǱ𣿵ħ߽ԪߣŻʧɢı磬ھȻڰħߡ
Ұֻ
ħգԸʶ䣬㲻򣬷ںΪħ
㾹Ȼ˵ϧĶŭˡָϸ룬ӰȡΡ׹ۺ󣬱һʹڷҶУһлӢӡ
Բϧ˵Ķ֡ǶձܿŭҲָһӼ䣬˲̻ڰţ

ϧȾŭ⡣
Ҳ˵Ӧеͬʱ󣬻ĵ·ľͷ˲һƬѹѹľӴ֣
봩ţ˾


214 
˾֡
ΪѹѹһƬ
Ϊ, һϮۻϧСġڸͷ, , һȻ, ̤۾㡣ֻԶԶǵЩϤӰʱ΢΢üĵûܡ
ϧ˲䡣Ȼǰ
ϧƺҪɱ
ʽʽ
顣
˿ܲǰ˲ִܺŤͷͣСĺ˵ûж, ĿڹСϧ˵Ķ֣Ҳһֱĵ׵Ĵ̡
±ϧ˱ƵǱ
׷ŲӳϧСֻϧСľ칥аҵĻûк, ŵϧŭץס
зӰһ
Ȼͣϧǰǰķ˿, гҶḡ, ΢б, ΢磬ֽ佣ϣδ, ȴнɢϧСģе, ûͷ, ץסץ, ץסɱ, ˵Σ, ϧˣ
ϧСĵۿЩɡ
ҲƲϧС, ͷһϧˣͻȻѵͬʱɻ
䡣
ѾЩϧСģ̧һָץסڷɣҲ˲ǧ˼
ˣ
£
ϧ˻һŭӡ
ʲô
ǰ͹
Żʹжס·սٶȼ죬ֻһ˲䣬һ˵˾䣺л
ֱץסҲûסѾľ㵿ϧСģѵʥŮĽףеǰ˭Ҳ⣬Ҫڴ˿̱š
ϧСķԹ˳ϧȥÿüͷ΢΢š
û˵ĻôȻֹɴ۾һŵĿ⣬߹ߵϧСʣոսʲô
ﰡ
ϧСһʲôɴСֵġ顣
ҲҲþ棬̲סʡǰϧ˵Ľ̸˲٣Ƕдһʡ
ϧСƳһۣҵǿ´ǰϧ˵ľٶŻĻشһ䡣
һſЩˡĿϧСϧ֮أһΪ߳ŭ
ҲԽԽǿҡ
㡪
ŭɶĿϧϡ
ϧ˸ϧСŻ߹ʱϵŭ΢΢ɢСģߣﲻ뿴
Ҳȸң⾿ôһ£֪Ҵеԭ򡣡
ϧСơȻʱץˣҲӰʥŮĽףֻҪȻռƻµĻ
⾳ߣвʥǻԴΪء
ϧ룬СģҵˣڣҲˣȥ㡭
˵ţǰϧСľߡ
Ҳ˵䳹ᵽԪϧСģеĲŭⶼɢ
Ȼ
ϧСĵ֪̾λδıĽ⣬ûʲôԭԳڴˡ
Ҳµˡ
ҪߵĿꡭλˡ
˵ͷ
в⾳ֵĻȨߣҲ˵к̸ľûʥŮ˵ôءвʥȴһвʥ
ˡ
С
һֱйעǼˣ΢΢ƿڻԶӾϵĿ⡣䲻¸ں棬ҲûҪֵ˼㲻ǰһ˼䱸
ʥС
һʯڡԪ߶һɫѣﱧŸů¯ŷƵ顣ܰıܿ߶ЩʲôƵķſ˼ֱһŲ
ſʱ
΢΢תȥ
ϧԼ߶еϧСһ޿κεľֱˡ
Ҳˡ
֪Ȥͣûн˫ۣʯǽһ
Сģ㡣
ϧ˵ɿϧСġȥԪأɻȥֵǡ
ŮһҲҴ⣬ƽչСĵòСġ
޷
˵޷
ϧ΢ϣĿ͸ϧ΢΢ϧСġ
Ȼ͵Ŀ⡣
ûκԵ档Ŀ⣬Ϥ˿ԡİҲԣ˿κ˼ۼ
һˮռġ
Сģһžˡ
ϧܹСҲܿģģһ˿ǰᡣ
ϧСĶǰССһĨӰҲû˵㡭Ҳ̫Сˣ
ϧߴ٣Сģн㡣
֮ꡣˣϧף22ꡣ
ǽСһ㣬ԺҪúչ˽㡣ϧ˵
ϧСģ
־ԣñСýиǣԺ󣬻չ˺õġ˵ڴߵԪЦпùԣи硣ȻǽԪС塣
⡭
Ԫ˿ϧСġ
ֿһԱЦеϧˡеοΣЩӲĽ
硣
ҪС
ϧСͷԡЩ˵οҲáҲãҵ˺ڲЩ߰ȹˡ
˳ԭֻǾ̫԰ףһ֣ôô˵ţ˱ϡ
ʯһۡҪǿˣָ뽫ֻֿ
Ԫл
ϧСЦòԺֻҪòˡ
á
ԪӦһֻϧСģΣϧ˵Ĺ£һбȻ顣
ůůġ
ϧСΪԪ̽Щľ̶ʼˡ
Լ˼¡
ϧ漴˵һ顣ˣüȾ˼ǲ뿪˷ǰýôء


215 ðղ
ϧûϧСĽŮߡ
, ȴϧСİʥΧˡ
Դˣ¼ֱһͷҪ˵ڰĶ̫֡ԣҪ˵, Ҳ̫ԣ޿κεĿΧ
ȻҲΪԷֻɢΧ, δƽҲδͻ֦һɣƮżƬƵգĵԸɣ
֦ûȡ

⾰桢Ե뿪ʥ󣬱ѰʥŮ޹Ԫ٣δѰ, ֻؼ̨һȦֻڼ̨ܵĽ
Ҳδ̽ʲôϢ
̨, ;⾳δڵյԺѰԪֻطתתŴһЩϢѰ
ڼ䡣
һЩͻ, Ǳ˹УԪ
ʯС
ѾװѰ졣ֻǸΪľԶ, ɾһ㡣
ҩ֮, ΪʹˡԪ, , ֻΪ˱ⲻҪĳͻƵ
, õҩ, ұС뿪ʥԣȴʲôףҲ飬ҲҵľСܵʬˡ
Ԫ˺ֹû˵ʲôڽҩǶ˺󣬲˾䣬ˣ
Щ
һֱಡ齣Ѿδˡ
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ԪˣǾͺá˵ʲô
㻹ʲô֪ģҿԸ㡣תʡõ˽ҩһĲ١ﶼһ˿ԵЦ⡣
Ԫ΢٣ûˡлһЩѴӾž֪ľ»ʣǱ褹һ˿ֵꡭ
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ʥʥѱʥƳأһֱʥţǰȥǰɽʯϵľž㣬΢Զʥ岿䡣
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䣬
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ǰߵʥ󣬽Ųһͣ˲͸⿪סѨ빦壡
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ʥĵûϲһ෴һεѹӿϡ
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ŷŵʱԽԳءϵĳ½Ǵ߱һȴּ䰲
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쵽գһ˲䣡һգ۵ʱ䣬Ѱ˸޷㿪ļٶȣ
ⷴâ⣬ʥзŴ󣬿쵽Ҫ۾һ㣡Ƴȹ衢ʱܿ
ܿɱʥһ˿ŭ⡣治ţʥŮ޹ѡʱ֣δҡ
ͬһʱ䡣

ԶʥŮ޹ʥܡȻδƺһ˿⣬кԥĿħ߱ţĿڽʿ
ϣ
ȣ
ֽף죡
ʥŮ޹սδ䣬ӰǰʥڵķȥͬʱΧɽУҲӰͬɽ̹Ȱð
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ҲʥŮ޹ѡĽص㡣һȻγɵɽȣɽƻƽ̹ɽִճ񣬿΢ʪͨûзڸߴ̶Ϸ˾žʹ
ʥŮ޹
ֻҪʱסž㡣ϧСĹںʩѹʱؽ˲ã
ʥ󡭡
ʥŮ޹ԭһʼûжɱž㽻̸֮в˼˵Ļȥ֦ڣ֮Ȩλ㲻֡
ʥδ˰ɱʥŮ޹еĲﻹö˻ʥȨ
ڼӽʥʥ裬˵ĹУȴŻɱ֡Ƕ©һֻ֧˷ĳ£Хбһɱ
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ʥ󱳶ʥŮ޹ӦˣҲͷɱһ˲䣬΢һץסָڱеָ֣䷺˿˿׹⣬ǻסָɱָɢͬһֻҲڴѣ
ʥŮĵ΢
֪ѱ¶亦СģǰȥҪƿʥаɱ
ʥӦ졣
ɱδ֮䣬ɴƼӰ֡һƬӰδȻһػʥŮ޹ĺϣ
ԸΪٻȫ֣δħ֮֮ǰǺʱ
ҲܳԼ
ʥȴǺ¡µľ棬ҲǺ£ʥŮ޹̣ʥԭҲûʱѡ
ꡪ
ʥŮ޹³Ѫʥ֮ѹ˫ϥڵأѪӿɫ԰ףȻƳءԭеδȬˣȾѪɫʥ˿ɱңͲ¶ҡģ
ᡣȴ͸һɲġײֳƽ
߳ǵսʿҲʥǰôʥսʿܶԿûжϲ
ʥŮ޹ͣĿţȻʥԼôսʿħߣ
㡪ʥȾŭݣ㾹Ȼѱ߳սʿأ㵽ʲô
˾ʱսħ
㾹˾뾳
Ǵ˿ӦڹʥȻɺ󷽺Χ
ʥ꣬ɣδţһ֪ʥŮ޹ҲһΪ˾뾳ҡ
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ʥŮ޹ڿѪһʱû˵
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ʥŮ޹սͬʱžҲսڱСʥˣ»鷳ѹ˼ʥڵսȴҪһ


216 Լ
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ΪʥŮ޹еԮٳδ
սȥ, ƻ֣ʥ˾ڴսʤҲǲʤҲ˾Ϊûڶ˾, ѳɴ˾֮УΣա
ܡ
ʥŮ޹Դ˽ȻԸšϧСһ̸, Ѿȷ, ˹ʶ, ͻȻı䣿
վϸߴɽ¡ʥ򿴣صʥδҲɫš, ƣһʱ䵹Ҳɲʲôв
ʥ˿, ĻȥֻòʥսʿǨƵ, ͵սԶͬʱŽž̸̴ˡ
Ͷ
ǲΪ֮
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ϧСĲŴڰ档һС, ȻҲʲôԮ, ΧϢ, Դ˼̸С
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ʥһһ¹滮ͼĺʱϧѡϾΪ˾֮ףҲҪΪıȡ档
ʥΧϢ
һʼѴžСϧСҲ⣬ҲûзԡǣϧСĵǣͷ£ˣ¹滮أ˺һַ
ΪԴԼ֮ơϧСϿɽΪ飬֣Լݣᡣ
ֺ
žҲԽݲȿԼ֣ɫӰԭ 
ʥҲˡ

žͬ⣬һΪսޣΪϧСΧһ̸ȴδԴΪвϧСϧ֮Ĺϵ²⣬ŻԪСΧҲδൣǡ
ʥҪ뿪Ǩԭأȥ߳һָ֮ྡž㡣
ܶʥԣһԼڴʱ˿̣ҲòӦȥʱʥ迴žĿ⣬Ҳкڡָӵ֯ڴ˿̵С
ϧһдֻΪ塣
ϧһдֻΪնݳ
񡭡
еĲϧһУճɰ׷ѣֹģ޷ֹĳǰ
֪ˣǷ񻹻ô
֪ˣǷնݳ
ʥһʣȴô𰸡
ɽ䡣
ĺɫ
ʥŲдսԶȥ
žҲתʥ
ϧС򲻽ľӡ̸УҲֺãڴʱ˿ȴȻȻĽ̸ţ·ԭʶĺһ
Ҳ
ж˷ǿŵùԷ̬Ϊʲôڽ̸֮УҲҪΧԪĹϧСĴλõ飻ž㵹Ҳû̫ȻҲǿϧСġֳϡ

˾Χɽ⣬İΧѾûκʵԵ塣
ͬȺ
ԶԶͿһϪߵԪذɫۣܵİϧ˶ĸŮҲ֪˵ʲôԶԶȥ˵ĸоǢܰ
ǲԼͬͣ½Ųûȥš

Ҷ΢
ԪУ΢΢ͷǺ󣬱㲻վϾžϵᣬ΢ЦһַƵĸо
ˡ
žߵǰ԰׵Сɡϧ˵˵䣬Ѵϧｫ뻳б
ϧ˿Ůɫû˵ʲôʹĵȻгɼҲɷϣĿǰΪֹ˽УŮġα
ԭĵͻ飬ҲʱɢһЩȻΪŮ̬ȣϧ޿κΣϿ¡
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ϧСҲҪ˱ˡ
δκȴ˳ϵջν°빦Ψһò̫ôǱŮһϧˡ
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ϧҲлȥŻģλò뿪˵أϧȻҪչˡš
Ѿչˣǻȥɣ
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סһʱ䣬ʱҲԶһŮϾòײô뿪


217 
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ɢȥ
ھսʥ֮, 䲻ķٲʢ, ȴҲЩ, ָһЩ
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Ϸһֱ»گگ֪΢빬ȻյȴǲձҪ뾩, ǰءܲҲ٣ںλǲͬһ֮
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żȾ纮ˡ
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֮ﻰ͸¶˼, ͶǸ˼褲ɫ, ڽ̸ἰպ˼ңΪͻ顣
Ȣ֪΢̬Ѿԡ
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лҲһ󹦳л˶гɼؼҲԹԡЩ, ڳʱԡ
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Դˣõ˾ʵ۵Ρлȴֿڲúš飬ΣҲкڡ
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鳯ϱͲ̫˳ġȻһҪϷ߶βТ˳֮лϰ㲻硭ȵȡ
ͷ˵˽䣬ͳˡҲƫƫʱң鸮Ժֱһҡ

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ϧڹʾס¡
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δκѶϢ
Ԫ֪ϢҲ⣬еĹż֪ˡƵ
ϧҪȥõ㶫
˷Ƕ
ǲʲôֱ𡣱Ͼ֮䣬ȥ磬ֻԷʱѡ

ҳŷһ롣
Ԫ˾ͱȥ
Ҳ˯
Ȼɫ󲿷ʱ䶼ڻ˯˿ˣͷţ뿴飬Ȼǲˡ
Щʱ
ΪϧˣʱߣžʱƽҲֵúĶţûаԽΪ
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૵ĵջǻ
ԪĬû˵ʲôҩҲԼҲŲɡ
ûӦ
ͷԪﻹű飬㻻˸λã󣬼ţӺ΢΢ӵϣں˳ķ˿¡ϡ
ǵһؾٶˡ
ȴûϰߡԽСǿңһ˿˵ӿ
鿴ȥˡ
ž㡭
š˵ı
롢Ϣˡ΢ٵĻǱ˱һ¡ţסϣоĺϢ
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һĨ⣬սĵףɢ˺ڰƽ˺޻ڻ˱䣬Ҫһ֣Դ󣬲Ȼ
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껭ϵľֻн
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дǴˡ
֮󣬻ῼһ¼Ӽ·⡣
л׷Сʹ϶ڣǣĺܸлޣ?


218 һ.ƪ
顪
·һʯӱ߳ȥɽ, ߷߲ƽ, ԽԽ, ƭӣƭӡߣñ㣡
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ֻǡ
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Ӳ
ৡһ
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һŨױĨŮˡ, ࿴Щ̱, ۽Žﱻס˻ϰ֡ƴŮ
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ҳߵĹس˭
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ȻǮƭ, Щ, ̶ʱգūһ˵˼Ρųڣѣ֮
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һȭ
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˽ԭίЩûӣȰسϽȥɣС˷ʱˡ
سϡ
ΪģֻΪٶ·ȥҰİʵڲУؼҲС˼˵ݳ̫Զô˼ҵСԼ߻ȥҲʵ
ҪɶУɴ㽫˴ϣ鷳İԼ

ɡ
ﵽͬʱڴկҲպΪηǱӡɱ
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ϲǡ
ŶĵǺܻӭ
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ͷӦسҪ֪鷳͸ñܿ㣻ǿͻؾˣƫƫǹرġԺؼȥûôˡ
⡣
ҲЩɡȰ飬˵ʱⱻϡ
ֻǰ
ײȱϲߡת˵𵱳¡̬ȻͰ˵ѯʣ֮㡣
ĶŮ鳤ҵѪֻȥšСΪ˰İǧѰĿɼҸá
ʿ֮ң̫Ǻ¡²ᴦĶ㰲ǳ׺СȥҲðšȻңһɷ¡
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ˣ¡ȥѡգǰѻ°ˣҲһԸȪ֮µĸĸи
Ҫ˼̳׵ͼԡмʩѹ˼
еִУǹ˼ɳ֮𡢲÷֮Ҫˡ
İҲԼϵ˵û취Ż뿪
ȻҲʱ
Źٸй¶Դ䰵ˣ뾩ʿɱĳλ龩Ĵδʧز˵Ϸʳʿ˳ϲһʱڽԪˡ
ڴ֮
͢˳֡
֮ɾΧ˵ɡͬһʱ䣬Ͳ鵽һЩ˿ָգ֮ǵΪ
գ˽õˣԹֹ֧ͬٸ뷴ٸ֮硣
޷˵Է
һ߸۶壬½ߣҪʹ˲
һȴˣɱģ̲Էмܡ
ǰ߲
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һԹһʱ޷ܣֻѰȴûʱˡ
͢Ȼɽ
ʱ֡ͽߡţԼơбҪҲԶֱ𡭡
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ԶЩŵĻҪö࣬ҪĨɱһɣǺѵ£ɴ˸ӳ˲࣬˰İسһЩڵӣ˶ˡôҲ벻׵İšΪ͢ЧΪγ͢ԸЧλˣΪλӶ
ġ
ȴҲʲڡ
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