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ĳա

ͻȻ׼ڲʮӢţ˼Ҳᣬ¼ķٲʢò˥

ˣڵЩƱ񲻶ģ

ˣһжң

Ȼ

ˣ᣿

Ȼ

ǣ˼ҹΣүչ

ӶȴԽԽ񣿣

裺ôû

ЦЦ᲻㣬ˡ

裺ã

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һӵġɴķϵճ  СɰǵרͿղ

  ׽

𰱾Ϊɽʧܣѱû뵽۾һȴСŮ硣

ΪֻܳԹΪ˳£Ҳհط۷塣

⼸ֻңƷʡ

⼸ֻ˰ĹǼйƤǲǣ

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ʵһμʱһڰſԷ

Ӵ֮Ůǲ䷳ĸԶװһ޹ɫĵϣÿÿһĥһſˮɷţҲûӿɻˣһˣҲù

죬ʿĥһײϵģ룬ǵͷܣǡ

PsŮʵֶαظΨһθ

    Ǯգ==================

 1 

ڵ񻨺ľĴϣ۾ֱĿͷɴᣣѾС˵ū澸ˡ
û˵ֻġšһ£С߳䲢Ϸŵε̾˿
ԽŴĵ졣
ѪżĿŶȥ̽գżȻֵĹŴе˶ΪϲǳȻĵҡҡ׹Ҳᱻ湩ŵλҵԴ
ʱֻǰһڣʶʱ򣬾Ѿ¥ݣڴҹѵ衣
˵裬Ϋ֪ŮڼеĸָĪСòˣȴܳ裬ʱȾȥˡˣиھЧ
ĸţΨһĸֳھЧƽʱٻظŮĵĳ谮ټϸ½ǸƫĵģľֻĵճճֳжܰǼŲʣ
гСǸ˵ģֹ½裬Ϊϥµ棬үûٷ˼ܴҲǼΪﰵûٸ°ӡ
⸮еĽֵ˵٣ɱϾһģ˵ҲĲͣοиӢδ޵СùãĳþͲʢ
Ҫ˵СùãĵͷȻΪ̫үͷŮ䰮ǳΪԴϷ򸾹֮ʱǧĽΨһŮиġ
ֻһ׵ãڸĸ֮ͽôϼҽӵ˸кչˣԴöȶõԲ˵Ȼֻʮ꣬ɱϾְøլ֮У½ӺСﶼҪ֡
ƽʱװһģȴûЩĹ˵Ҳ֣ϲ֮ǰ֣ǰ⡱¥ݵ飬λСùõĽˡ
ҲԵɣ֮ǰ棬ȡ֮Ϊָ
ǲ̫ףôܳСﵽǵŮ˷Ҫزɣ
ܵ˵Ӽֱı
ҲûӹˣɼС΢ĹҲδܰȵĻš
ȻΪӵˣǾٹ֮ǰĵίίӣ⸮κһˣǸǵͷϣȻӱ
Ժξʱ򣬶ŷһ˿΢𣿡Сʵ
оĵģδκӦ
нһ˿õԤС
ȻɫĴӳһĺӰ󣬵ڴǰĴᣱһֻ֡һ͵߳
ŴӴӳ΢¹⣬迴վڴǰһߴˣɫĴֲѣؿڵѱһ¶һƬڵļ
ˣ貢ûмɿѣӦָԺɨĴʹˡ
ǿԼ侲Ŀǰˣʣ˭
ԣҲ𻰣ֻǺǵЦִӻͳƿɷ˵ͽͷƿеʲ̽
ֽ֮³¶ڵĻЦţС˶ҪԹԵģүһι㣡
䣬㸩˹
ѿ˲ԣ˹˲䣬һȭֱı
˳ʹƺһ
׼˻ɿ´δͼһųմѪ
Ҵңүһôʰ㣡׼˫ͨĵͺ
δηӦȴƷƵֽץã͹𣬿вϷǺǡ
ָ繳һ˹
ߣĶˮ㣬һ˵ϣʹҲܲס̱˵ϡ
ɾˣ컹ǲϵһһϣеƺֹûΪ˶ȥŨ
˵ڵϵ壬ϵĽ䶯ţ˶ġ
Զ֮ʱһ󼱴ٵϺ
˯𣿡УСҵ  
üĽĬĬƳһڵϵˣųʵѾ˯ˣʲô£
֪ģӺүˣءСҼҴҵ˵
ԣһ漴šһס˵˵ѾЪˣһ¾ȥš
СҴǣūȥ
ȥˣԹԵߵ¼һºϣִױ̨ĺһ纳ɸɢķ١
һ磬ƺֻⷿԼȫԴʱ˿̻иĽ¡
һ֮ŶϸϸĿһֻۣ˿ĬĬȡ£쳣
Ŀ¾ˡ
˵ţһֱеӱԥ˵ʺȥ
Ժű㱻õɽ죬͸ϵƶĿҴȥŵСңгŻѵӿˡ
Ϊ׵ּҵļҲģͬĻвĿļҶԼڵ½ӡ
ộȻ׼׽
迴վ½ŮʱвɵһЦҹһǶŮѲ˸ϵ
ƿţߵԺ˸񣬡ףĸף˵һܣڳһȵıʵĸҹǰǸгʲô𣿡
ҹɫ¹Ҳڵ͸˿ĹСԺͲŨصҹɫŵĻʱɢ͸һƬӰ
贩һɫںڵĵĳ𣬼˿΢вʼįɢ䣬򰵵ĹӰϣǸλƮݳ
òŵĪСپĿǸĽСĽޣ߷ŵȻһ֮ˡ
ĿվڲԶ裬һ˿ȣԭ˼µɫȻ˼ƽʱͬɡֻƬ֮֮ǰɾ˲ʧ
ûд𻰣½ǰһ裬Ժû˰ɣ
Źƽʱͬ΢΢һҡҡͷĸʲôƽʱ⼸Ѿӣⲻ𣿡
½ЦƳƳΧ˳ļӵ˸ɫǼӶǸ½Ӷˣֻһɫ֪¡
ۼǼӻǰкһҪͷü΢šźۼǰһĿʵףĸףʲô


 2 


ЩƽʱŹˣӲܳŮʱסȥ·иӲ֪ĴǰӾҪԽֱҡ
΢΢ͷбһۡ
ڵ͸ĮĺӼ˲Ĵ˸սŲҲԭһʱ֮䲻ٶ
ʱƤɨһۣг˿Ժˡ
нδԺӣ˵ȥܲɩɩôҲΪáʱһֱվ½ŮӺȻС˵
ӣ޳ָⲻźۼý˼֣ЦСùã²ֶŮָϢϢأ֤ݱ˵ʱǸ۵Ľ´˳ȥָҪţ
ֶŮСǱס˰ѱָߣǿɾͲˡ
ļ仰赭дץסĵߣ˲ɫ
ף˵𣿡˵꣬˼
ԣĵҪˮüģһۣ˵ҹˣȻȥɡ
ۼĵɫԣֻСĴ׵磬ðʧˡ
ʱ½ӵǼǰ˵ҲΪѾͷãС˼ǲȫҲеģү𼱣ˣɩӵȥǡ
лɩɩæ˵
仹ȴҲû˵ʲô½Ӵ⼸Ӽ貢δٵ֮ǰһӵϡ
ĿһУܲЩԺһζű㲻ֹĵĻɣĴ޲
ԷȻбôᱻһ˵Ǿ״򷢣
һҪѵģѳЩʲôǾҪЩӵıˡ
½Щǵо飬һĵĹͽⲻСԺ˸ɾȴδѵʲôˡˡ
ʵǰĵɫԻ˼֣Ļһܣն趪һ䣺ЪšͷҲص߳СԺ
˶ˣʣµȻҲûıҪ½Ʋֻһ䡰úЪŰɡʮѾתߡ
ɫȴЩ԰ףǿЦˣȻҷԸЩҲЪš
赭ЦһСùò鷳ˣֶŮ˼٣ûСùõİֶŮҲЪĺá
һû𻰣ֻЦ˵Сùãĸ׿ڵء
ҲãҾͲЪϢˡ˵һ䣬½ӵһͬ뿪ˡ
ոջַǷСԺЩ֮͵뿪ָֻ֮žģ
غԺţߵǰСʵ¿Ρ
ֹΣֱҪ
ʱ費ϸ룬Ͼе黹δ˽ᣬŤͷԶ˵ҹˣҲЩȥЪŰɡ
ū澻ſڰɡӲ޵ǵ˵
ȴҡͷ޷ҹȻûֳǲˣȥЪŰɡ
֧ӣԻصУ˨ãаб˷ĺۼȴ̫ҡ
Ҳǣľôطһܲصȥ
費£ߵǰۿŴϱ˷һͿԾ۽ǡ
˺˼ߵβֽǶǽϵͭҸתһȦ
ֻһ΢ġ¸¡λڴµľת¶һصĿռ䡣
踩˹ȥȴݺݵ˵
˵ʬ徹ˣ
˲䣬ң֮߳ǰͽ˵ʬ˽ȥô᲻ˣ
Ѳ˲δ͸Լ˳
˵ĲȷʵѾûҲ
Ŵվɵתʱȴ䲻Ŀһһźɫ
û˵ֱ㶵ĿǰˣǸҲڿ
һ˫˾޵۾ڰ׷ӾȻ峺΢΢ŵĹâǺڰеǳޱ財
ƺȫû뵽򶨣ķһƵЦ
벻ľһŮ˵ţдЩ٩ȴ
վԭأͷǺڽˣĽСոպõǰ̧ʱ򿴵ĺƶ
ʱ֣᲻һУ
ողɱһ֪㣬ôҪҲһɱˣ˵䣬ͷʵ
Լͼʶƣֻ˵Ц֪Ůɱˣ
Ů˲֪ɱ˵ʱݵĳ˵Ҳüͷһء˵ţԹԵ߻ص輸ǰ¡
Ҷˡ˵
붼û˵߿ǽСĺͲˮ⡣
ԣִ򿪹ţóģֻžͷϣѳԡ
ǷȻʵ
Цһ¶Ϸʣô˵ǲɻ
ԣҲЦЦʵɻ֪²ɵĵǻأ
µʬʧ˲ֹȻķֱܻĵ䣬ɼһСӲˡ
˭ֵҪʲô
׻˵߿գҳҹֿܲտյĻȥɣ˵
ƫƫ̶һ˿Ц֮⣬
ûǮ˵
ϲ˵˵طˣȷʵûֵǮĶӦȥתתҲеջ񡣡
˭˵ûֵǮĶǾʬͺֵǮü
ԣ輸Կ϶ҪôթǱЦʬ壿ʬ壿
޷ʬĺɻķء˵ʱ˵۾źۼ
ҧʱŪǸ֮ȷʵӲʬûаγǵʱ£γӣʬ嶨ȻܶѪȻʮֵ鷳
ˣŻֱӽʬ봲µİԭ˶뿪֮취֪ȴѰ˰񣬲ֹ͵ʬ壬סİѱ
㲻㡣
㵽µǲˣֻѡĪ̯ơ
˺΢Ƭ֮󣬷˵ܼ򵥣ʬһ㴦ֻӦһ¼ɡ
üʵʲô£
ʱδ뵽뵽Ҳ١˵ţߵǰЦŻʱˣڵĴ𰸡
µһѡ𣿡Ŀʵ
Цһ£ȻöûС
ġߡһüھߣҸıע⣬ƴҲûпܡ
㲻ġ仰ͬʱȻɵķƬ֮ʧŨҹɫ֮УӰ
վڴǰʧķЩԼոûóȻ֣ƾǵԸͨ˻ǿܹӦǰ¾ȡˡ
˵ǸպҪӽ˳ȥɡ


 3 


ҹİոù֪ۡڵĵطվӰ£ǵмĵϣŸˡ
ջ񣿡һɨſڵǸȻӲʬ壬ʵ
šһ˵Ĵֻʬϰһʬϵ·ϽѪղøɾ֮󣬲սԼĻС
֮ǰʵĺЩֵĿͬ飬̲סʵʬô죿
㱳һ˰ˡ
ƾʲôȥ
ó
˰һۼͬѾԶε̾˿˵´ɵĽϣһ̱㲽ʧڰҹС
㲻Ĺ֮߳űӴ̽ϢʵȨȻӵԶݣǴԺˣô뿪Ӿûȥͣ
Դ֮ͻһŻӣȥԺĴ̽һ£Ϣ
˵Ǽĸ׵˼ߵĴæˣӺʹһͬԺӣ˵ǻȥʱѾȥˣֻ˷šӴ
˿ţ࣬Цţ벻ȨȻȴʶüֶ
⻰һƬ֮ŷȻ԰ʶ֣ټڴӸǰҲֻ˸ԺɨĿ
۾Цӿɽ̡
˵˲ûߣ룬ʵ
¿ӣӵݹĨĨǣҡͷˣ˵ġ
ҿѾһˡ
СʵȻѾ뿪ˣǹǷҪٲȥ
룬ҡͷˣҲûʲôҪˡ
޶֤֤Ȩ½֮ʲôҲ֤
ܾܲˣ½ģưոݡ
һҪԸľ
ѧǶѾþδȥˣѦүСʹ˳㻹˼ʫʺֻ˵档˵ţתӲԶĺľȡ˼Ӻͻᣬķǰ
赭ɨһЩᣬЩѦҹģ
˵ţаָǼָط˷󵭵˵ֻţЩᣬѰʱ͹ȥɡ
Գһ£ԥʵѦүһƬ⣬ôͳȥˣ
ѦүѦǳƽүӣʱͱΫϼң˵ձ񷨣޷̳к֮λλѦľȴЩ⡣
ƽϥõֻһճѦ˴СǸӣƽˮϧҩĳţǿ˶ʮ꣬Ѱ˼ҿҲûˡ
㽫ţѦӻǳϦƽ֪ãԶΪӵѦ⿴ء
ѦҲǱãʫʸ踳ͨһ۸ڶķӶмӡֱԣƾ٣ѦȻܹס
ѦĸѾãƽԺΫϼҴӹܼҵ˶ƴӣ˿и
۳ƽĵӣ֮λΨһ̵ľԼҵĸףƽӣǳ͢ھˣˡ
˵λˣĸ誣ǿǻʵ̵ϳպգڳеĵλ˿Ժ
˳ţƢȻ㲻磬ƽɻ֮Ҳֻһҡ
κȻǿƣɵֲסԼӲŸӣ˵˳ƽˣܻܲ̳к֮λ춼δ֪
ǵⳤƽľλջѦͷϡ
ˣΫݵĺŹУһĶѦмӣһѦլż׵˲ȵð˺ü硣
Ϋ֪볤ƽĹϵһ򲻴е⼸﹫ӱ㶼ȥںеѧö顣
һȥģ⼸﹫ѦƽѦΪǫ񣬳ǵĿʷǷ˽òٵĹİء
ԺѦļ䣬֮ѧƽദ֮⣬ûж˵䡣
費ȱ˼ÿζѣѦСֻĪǶ˼
뵽һתЦ԰ͳȥʵ̫ϧˡ˶ٽ˵ҪȥӵĴ԰ҿûǴӰ԰Ա߹ȥ·ֽ죬Բԣ
һԥ˵˼ǡ·Ҳࣿ
˵û㣬ûˣ͹ȥɣżߣ͹ȥˣֻɵŲźáƯЦ
ӱȥԶˣӼ˿ģ߳ԱҲݴҪúýţɱ𹼸ҵһƬİ
Թ緹һӼӣ˰ȾͳţȥỹûͽԺһѾߴš
СǰĪСﲡʱģҲŸʮꡣ
ѾͷǸֱڿ첻Կģ̫֮ǰǸ̵ӣʴһֱûźֻԺЩӻˡ
ӦöߣԺͷҲﻵġһ·ߣ⻰ûͣ
ѾͷϪˮӵΪϲһһЦС
˵ǺլĻ԰ʵ󣬾ôţһʱ̱ˡ
۲ۣҪȥЪЪ𣿡ʵ
ָָԶͤôһ˵ҵýЩˣȥЪЪҲá
赽ͤã˵ЪţūȥСЩ
Ѿͷ죬õҲܵ
˵ͷԸãȥء
ЦӦˣת߳ͤһĹȴִӲԶİԺҴҵ˻
ôĪȥ·Ȥ
֪æҡͷūߵ·ˣūǶ·һū澿ɲġ
Сù߹ˣ䴽ǣǰĴüʵѾͷǵģûǵ·ʲôĵģ
ҡͷۻǶɡ
𴽱ߵЦһһ˵Щ飬Ƕ㲻ġ
˵ţƤбһ󷽵ʯ·ˡ
䣬ͼԶλǶܰŵɫȴֲʧׯĹ
ˣϷҲϳˣ
ţеȴվԵĴ
ǴδԼҹ¶ֵı飬ƽǼ˶ãܶͶ㣬ʵڶ㲻ʱҲսսӦţӷ·ٴУδ̹Ȼ
ƽͬ裬һʱ֮侹˵ֱ󷽵վ߳ͤηѰ׷˹ȥ
㣬СùҲ仨԰ģǺء˵ţһĨЦݡ
ܰͷЦþҲ̫ˣҺСùҪȥء
ܰ˵ҲЦſ裬еʣ裬ǰ˵Ӳ̫ˬȴǴˣ
ЦαƣаŮ˰ͲԼһźðɣ
룬ȴ˵ǰҹֶŮСЩ纮벻ȴСùõĲǡ
һ˵ĵˮ©֮Щζ֮ǰĴ·ֻԵʹһĺ⣬˼ˣҪһ


 4 

ǰС΢裬ܰǲΣȴɼššüġ
֪ΪΣܾƺﲻͬҲ˵Ǽ仰Ҳ⼸յıŲҲ
ˣ֪Сù°ʱĻ˼
̧Сڷʵӣа룺ҲԼˣѾͷöѡ
һˣǲôõġ
ܰڵЩʱЩʫ˵ǡ˵΢죬ǰһס֣Сʵ˵Ѧҹ͹ģ
ܰ΢΢һЦȴбķ򣬼Ҳǰ˵ǰѦҹС˹ǸСʲôţ
ʱ˵С˽Сӡ
ˣ֪˵ţĶԴգգ۾Ѿͷȷʵ飬Ǹ֮ˡ
ܰէһ֮£ҲδѿڴȻ֪ģСѦҹӵСˡ
ƽҲȥѧö飬ʶѦҹӵС𣿡ƵЦţﻰȴâ¶ǰָѦҹ
Ȼ仰ʱܰ΢΢˼֣ոջڴߵºЦҲ֮ȥ
аһװģʵƽ׵ĺܣֶŮÿÿȥ˶սսģĶжľȥֱ˭˭С˰
Сùò磬ѦҹӸʫʸ踳ͨѦҹô÷ϲֶŮĽĺء
ܰƳһۣɫ˵ģɵû֮ǰ׽ˡ
һ뿪ڷֱ漸䣬ȥЦ˵㣬Щʫϲ
ܰϵĺ˼֣૴ȻϲģЩѵһĹ±ѦҹǷһ˼ģ
˵ܰ˶٣һۣ˼Թһȴûӹ۾
϶еĲ²⣬̲סЦ㣬Щһ򲻶ģѦҹӱҪ͸㣬ֻǰæܸȶѡ
Ȼ֮ⷬܰ۾һ˻棿
ûƭ㲻ɣԺﻹֻأѾͷŵߵļãñһԸ͹ȥĳ뾹˶㣬ǴءЦ˵
ǰ¶ءüЦ
벻żСùǷһͬȥԺȥȡ
ԣܰȻͲסæá
ܰӦʹ죬ݲϸ룬ֻʵСùأǷҵͬȥ
ˣȥԵйֻôȻͬȥ
ЦãǽҲöûкúþ۹ء˵ţȵסֱܰۡ
ǰߣ˺棬ˣ֮ľҲ֮ܽң
һֱ׿ҲǸصģŲʱʱܲԽȥ
ô˳Ŷʯ̾͵С·һС۳žߵ԰гڡ
ʱʢʱڣнȺ߸ǻݷʢƬƬϰϰǸѵıڡ
ҪȥסСԺϵС߹ܰδɣֱľš
ţȴźۼһСϡĺȻббӣʹһ
ʱ벽ĵطϣԼĽסֻüĽϵıƺʹͷƺðһϸܵĺ顣
һ£ܾ˾ЩΣɴʱǰܰȻͷȻԸϹϾҪֻǰһʵͷʵ裬ôˣ
ʱҲ˹ӣҪסֱۣȴⲻźۼһ£˳һɵסܰͶߡ
ſǻСùãҵĽźۡ
Ťô˲Сģ㡭û˵ֻ꣬Ȼַסļϵһվȣӱ㲻Ծϡ
ȻӦϣҲܿƵµȥ
״һץеСùãץס䣬ԼȴҲվȣһͬ˳
ȡȡཹལţκˮÿÿƴðͷȴֲ֪ʲôסٴγˮס
ˮУһֹʵȴ࣬ˮקסѣװʱûߡ
ãСùãô죿ϵܰŵֻϿ޺ֹ
ʱҲܳȥˣ㱼Ƴ費ϵĶգ۾˲㽫ֻӲͣԭء
վϲУѾͷ飬ۼߵصûϢþȣ
ԣŻȻһߺһ˳ߵС·ȥˮˣ˰˾
ôܵ÷ɿ죬ɤҲƬ̱ںԺ̵Ѿˮӷ˺ôŽ
ӣһԵ˼ˮ૵Сùá
ΧѾԶһݣ׷׶Ͷȥ񣬵ʱҲȵתѹŻ˺üˮûǣֻǱ۾һҲ˵
ôˣǶʲôòҸϽȥ½Ϣĸˣǳˣ伱٣ɫȴǵȻһĻ𱬵ӣҡ
ѾȥҴ༸Χܣŵڵϵλﲻ֪룬½ӱϿƽȴ͸ЩֻЦ⡣
Ҳȥˣôˣ½Ƴһڵϵ裬ɫܡ
Ѱʪ͸ѣ¡
Ŀ޺½üģڳӶŵǼʲôȥȥߴߴⶼʱˣôӰ
һ֮ڱ̧ԼСԺ봾һͬΪ˸ɾѣ˺ôһ򣬴١
ͬ½ӣޱС
ˮװǻƣʱҲСǼԱ۾װΣȻҲʲôֿ˸˼뿪ˡ
СڴϣһҲԸֻӺʹ䣬֮˵ȥʹ򣬱һȥˡ
ȵߵ˶˸ɸɾ۾ųüӼ˼۾ʲôҹҺء
ȵĿŴӴ裬ɴ۾ʵá㡢û£
û£ˮǳĺܣͲҡ˵ţֶվһԵĴԸԺˣ˵Ҫ֮⣬һŲӽҡ
ɴӦһתȥˡ
Ӽ뿪ſʵҵĹﰡ⵽ô£ѾͷҲһԣūˣ

 5 

ԣ봾ѾͷĿڷ絹ǽĺܣɵöѾͷһ˿øУģҲǾ֮ǰ׹¥ݵʱܵˣҲһˡЦһ˵
һ˵׹¥롭ùйأ
ֹйأڱңҲ֮֮Ҳ˰ζΣ˾ôˣһ˿
ӳĬ˰Σֻ̾˿֮ſ˵Сﲻţūû£Щùڸܾί
˵˶٣ʼЩʣūţһ·ܱƽܼ֮޸˼Ǳõġ
СͽС΢Ӳǣ¸̣̾￴ˣūҲˡ
׻˵ĺãƱۣƱū澵Ǹ˵ġ
ﾡܷģ֮ǰū澻Ϊ˹κ£֮ūҲı䣬ĵ˾ū澵ĵˣҪ£ǷǣūҲһüͷ
ӵƽƺЩѾãһһ˵ƽȴڳ˵ļͣ۾迴һػȵˡ
ģӽԺ˭۸ǣҾҪ˭һӣӣҴδ㵱ū澣ΪһҶֱӣ˵
ū澡ӴʱѾȦ˵
֣Цˣްұ֤⸮һԽԽõġ
ūţֻҪǹ˵ģū澶šĨһᣬͷ˵
ЦЦΪĨȥ۽ǵ˵УѾͷҿΪ˻ֺģԺһźɡ
һЦѾͷȷʵСģʱСԺҲɲʲôô
СţӼãƢ˵֪һֱЩӻٽź򡣡
˵ЦɫȻҪūĥŴѾͷúá
⻰⣬ͷãЩʹͶ˵˵˾Ÿղˣ֮˵ԽԽá
ˣĶǲ˵ʲô٣ҩҲŷץͺãҲ˵ʲô
һжġ
˵꣬Ƭ֮ʵǱūǷҪȥ̽һ£
ǵأֻҪעĶͿˣϾĵͷ⣬¶ù˿²٣𣿡Ц˵
Ȼϣڵ֪ˮֹ֮ҹ˸иͥԺѾߣ޹ص½ӺͶܰѵ롣
ΪԡţֹûΪܵκεǣøյĲƷԼ䲻̲ʺ
ˮµȥ죬ڼ½Եһ֮⣬ƺĴڣȫ˼
ҲˣıϾף˵µĵķص˰ҹֱȫ֮뿪
յвƷ֮⣬׵涼û
Ӻʹ˵ǰңûʲôҪ⾰ָпûκ˻ɣ
ЩǺΪ֮ǰ豧ƽ׶ˣҲֲ˽Ϊݽˡ
Ҳ̫ȥүһرģҲһˡһģΪĵĺӶ˻Կο֮໹ݹһ밾õѡ
ЦһҡͷΪҪ⣿ĮԼЩȡ
ĺûʲôϵϲ˭ȷʵ⣬ֻЩΪӵеֵˡ
̫ĮȫһŮԴ׵ĸе̬ȣɫһʵү
үѪײ٣ǹͲ˱˵ĺʱ֮ǰױ̨ǰʰĴת˵
ôģǲִ򣿡ӵһۣ
ȴЩֱ˸贲ǰһЦ˵ˣйﻤţҲŲ¡
ѾͷûûСˡ̾
豻һЦ˵ѾͷƤϸԸۡ
ԣҲ̲סЦ˳˲Цһš
δţӺʹڸǰƣҲ̲סľơ
ã΢粻ĥԸⲡҲáһáˣΪѣ˷š
ԺӵĽƬѼܣѾ˲ӯ͸ѴҹˮһϺƤűˮʮֵĺÿ
ߵѼµʯ£𣿡ָżϵʵ
Ŵѿźÿúܡ
֪ûЦЦǵôСһ죬æԹӣūȥЩ
ˣȥɡ˵
֪ļЩ飬ÿÿܴ̽һЩϢǵͷãȥɡ
뿪֮󣬴ŴЩĸɹЩȲ裬ɵӣٲȻѾߵļơ
ò׳ūȥСģ¹ų壬ʱŲáĵΪһģЦ˵
ĵģȴ̲סһ˫۾ȴ·ŵǹ⣬ͬǶڰҹеıʯԡ
ӹɣƽÿһ˫۾Ȼӡ̡
ֻϧǸ
ϣ˾б³ͻȻϸ룬ֻӴҴҲԺе
ӵĿе֪Ժ˴򿪣֪Ѿ׼ǰԺеӦӦϣȻҪ֮ء
ǸȻеĺȨ˵˱½йأһǸز¶ģָдʮֲ꣬˶Լ˭˵壿
ԺֲͰһҪ弸Լ˶˵Ҳʲô¡
ټǸȨɱ֮󣬱ʱһ˵ǣѳ£еԵɱ㲻ˡ
£仹ò׼½ڱ󵷹˵ûʲôֱ½ҲãҲգŹ
ū˵˵쵽ʲô£һŹʣһʵ
ŶʲôӹĹʷŽʵ

 6 

ǿ˿ܣȷû֮ŵʵū澲ףϣǸΧôͺȻأ
üʵûʲôԵʣ
ҡͷū澿ɾͲ֪ˣūãֻǾùڻ԰ȶģȻһ·ɹôԤ֪ϣ
ĶʲôԤ֪ǰЩ׼ѡЦ
׼˵˵ū⼸ԴҲûأɼūˡ۾һʵ
ӣ˵Ӷ֮ǰŲ֪ʵ⼸϶ᵽһߣ
ȥǱ˿˿ô죿ȵĵɴ۾
ЦЦģֻ߰ˣ㱻˷Ҳûʲôֻ˵˯ţɢɢġ
ȻǰϵľϷ˰ϡ
ϣ
ף͵ϲľͷЩľͷڲ࣬ȴ̫
ټˮ϶࣬ϺΧĵط˲̦޺ӻ԰һ·СĽŵ׿Ҳմ˲١
οǰǶΰЩ״ףһľͷ±ϿɹʵֻҪ΢΢ͻѡ
ЩԵɼһֻҪͣϣҪζ֣ҲȻ³
ĵɴ۾ŵĶ裬˵찡ʲôʱ򶮵ࣿ
˵֮˶٣ʵϵ㣬ǹֺαغһȥ
ЦЦһ˿ȻΪƲϵ
룬ҵʱһ³ܲλúңС½ӣҲֺ侮ʯʱĶ̤̤ʵʵԺȲ죿
˵꣬迴ŻȻĴ˵ԣҪúøмһĸ硣
⣬ʵǺ⣿˵үĳ谮ڸ
ЦȴΪ̫ﻹڣ˳һ߸ʬˡ
޷շ
ֻСʹ룬ͬʱҲһ֪̽ĵвֹŮҪǧ򱶣¾ĵŮҲ޷֮Ȱɡ
ΪʲôҪã
ѵֻΪ
ǱԵӣҲԼãҲ鲢û˿ô򵥡
Щԭ貢ȥԭֻһǾǡӲġ
˭ĶûֹҪˣ
ˡСֽǰĲ豭˵
̧˿豭һ֮󣬲ʵԺеѾӿɻ죿
Ƭ̣Ժ̵Ѿ߳ȥū澺ӽ֮⻹д֦ͽϳҲȡ
дӽ㣬ʹ֦㶼½Ӳģߣ̫ԸԺ̣ҪشԺȥ
Ҽǵô֦ʹӶȥ֮Ժźģʵ
˵ͷԣ֮⣬һͬӴԺﲦĻֻӡ
ġšһ˵Ҳ֣ĪСȥ֮ԺеѾ߳źӣԼʱСĴ֮⣬ȻһȫˣҶ½͹ƺЩͬѰ
ԺȥЩѾź򣿡ʵ
ԣ򴽣ɫ˼֣С˵򷢳ˡ
򷢳
⼸ֿƽȴ֪ζ֮ǰԺźЩˣһⶼ͵Ķˡ
ڷҲܲ³š
üģҼǵ֮ǰиźѾ߽÷ģҲ򷢳ȥˣ
ͷۿȴ̲סˡ
÷ǲԸߵģɡ½˵źĪСﲻģһ˳ȥ˵ʵ˵
ʲôĲģҪ弸õŵԺˣ
̾һֻĪСʱ̫СԺֻ½ǵӣҲֻ󣬸˵ЩѾˡ
ǰһСЩҲ£ȴͬˣҵˣұƴҲỤš赭˵
֮˭⣬˺ôӲҪѰӵģҲϢ
ƽ̺ôзϾͻСʱ֪˵ʲôźãƽҲ֪ܵȥˡ
Ĭ˰֮󣬴źۿƾˮ۾ת˵ģū澾ᱳѹū澡
ˣǱģˡ˵ţóӵݵǰ
ȴûȥӣɵЦĶūӵĵūС
һ˵һߺĨգǿǺЦ
˴Ӻʹ֦ԺʹΣĨɾ֮ʵ
ƽﲻֽź衭Ǹвסӣµʱϲ뼸һͷ
ţոүʹԺǼʱڣʵ
ūǱӽѵģʱӴ֦˯ţū澼·ŵʱƺҪȥš
ӽ˵㻹ûԵƬ̣һųӦþڹԸ֮ǰ
ϸĻ֮ǰ˵Ļһ£Զ϶ǣԺȻиڹԺŵҲᱻĴ򿪡
˲򵥣½ӵˣй˴ξڹӦҪúȨء
ڻ֪ǼƻνУʱҲѾ³˴š
ڻʲô𣿡ĬСʵ
ЦЦֻǾáԺеܸ࣬ôɨɾܰסţǲǣ
˼ǣ̽ʡ
ģȻҪɨ͸óЩβźãҲ֣ҲŴ͵ġ
ҷܲôóԵģο飬ڹ˶̻̲ʱǳȥõĻᡣ
䣬ԺŴһδͼ費֪Ķð˳ǷҪȥţ
ԭʹ͵һ˿⣬漴ü˵ð鷳ˡ
鷳ū澸ġ蹧˵ţϻĵЦ
Ժţſվŵȴܰ
մһɫѣںڵķ˿ʱ¹ŮеĴʽŲӯһյ֫ϸ۵ļм˵ģ
æӭ˹ȥôˣҲ֪һҲȥӭһӭ
ܰһЦҲǿãɫЩ㲣ӻδã
Ŀ˼СڳǺЩˮܾ̣ǰ²ôģղžԺһЩ
˵꣬˸󣬶㣬ǽ˵ɡ

 7 

ܰüʱֵʢģ仹ζδȵʱ򣬿һ·Ѿֽ߳ɡȴҲÿѰۿɫ԰ףȻη˹ӡ
˽ãܵĴӶصܲ͸磬֤ܰʵԼĲ²⡣
Ըȥϲ裬ܰðЩϸܵĺ飬ȥȡ
õĲδãĪҪˡܰ״æ˵
£ҶഩѾˡ˵
뿪֮˵˵Ϊѵ˶㣬ⶼõĴͬУҲö޹ܵǣÿ뵽ЩöвĪҪòźá
˵ﻰʲôϵҪ˵ۣҲСùòˮáܰһڲˮ˵
˵СùõӿɺЩˣû취ǰȥ̽ҲǵţץһЩСùҲˮ
Ļδ˵꣬ͼܰеĲ豭һţöˣСùնи׺ʹϣʹˡ
ĻЩԹ˳˵˾ͺãиϣҲͷˡ
ãĳãЩȴءܰ˵
⻰òס̧ӣҡͷ
ܰƲƲǣʵÿ֪Ϊλᱻѵ⣿
ЩµҡҡͷŽ˵֪Сùˮ֮󣬸׻ظ֮ʹѵĸ׳ּҲϣҲΪĸ׷ֱ˼䣬㱻ù˺üʱ
Сù֮󣬸ǿڿ˵ˮʣʱСùÿϵʱȻϿŻˮȥŻᱻһȥ
Ȼһʵ˵֪Сùþ˵ʲôúıֹ֪黹ȣǹϣ
װȵʣСùΪҪ˵⡢ⲻҪõ𣿡
㣬ǷСùõĻίգգ۾˳㼷
ܰȻίӣ̲סЦʱգҲǲˣοĸͷԸȥϲ֪̽ϵľͷͱϸգһ۶ϡ
²ģҽкιϵܰ˵ƺ˵龰ʱǨȴȻ̲סŭСùſں˵ĻǱյľͷΪ֤ҽþǻ죬Ҳ˵ġ
ܰ˵跽С˵ҪлˣҲ֪׵ģСùüΪ谮ҡ
˵һĨɬЦǶ÷ֱ棬Ժǲܺõˡ
װģĨĨ۽Ƕܰ˵׶Сùҽòͬǳ谮ĺء
䵭Щʣĵ򰵰ЦЦ½ԺգĸģϥһһŮ˵ҲּҵճĶŮҪ߹Ůһ
ĵıӻ£ָеĵλĸߣ½ӵĲֳ֮ǰͽںԺ׫ǰ;νһƬ
Ҳˣ½Ӻúõüһأֵܰûô˳ˡ
ԭΫ֪ŮĻǲسģܰҲѾʮˣȴɴֹУ½β
˵ǲòᵽСùܰͬ꣬ͬδ󣬰ĵ˵гδֶŮҪȼ޵ĵ
½Ϊ˴ûִȴɿڣҪȼ޳ȥ֮󣬲ŻῼܰĻ¡
Ҫ˵½ӿҲʲô£ǰǰΫݸ˺ü˼ң֪ιʾǲޡ
ԹŮӳɻ齲ǡĸ֮ý֮ԡκĸĸѾˣΪĻ˵׻ҪӦ˲С
ľ˼ңһڻؾ˿½档
һȥΫݵؽ˶֪۸ڶû˸ףܰҲʽ
Ϊ£½ӹƺɰĵĹϵ϶ҪͿգﰵûļҳ޳ȥ¡
ܰѦҹͷİۿѦ׵һձһն࣬вĽĵ
µҲͽжд̣
ԣһпŹôõĻ᣿ܰѦҹԽ飬ԽΪԼá
Ͼĳ˵˵ĵ˾ѡ
οҲ֪ǲǱˮݻӣΪ˽ϣϧڲԵܰˮҲ룬½ʲôˣĿԼŮǣУ
֮ǰѦҹ֣ܰⲽ߶ˡ
뵽˴̾һ˵СùҲǿûĸ׶谮ЩҲûʲôؿҲǱźͿ˲Ż˵ҲĪҪϲźá
Ǻǣ𣿡ܰЦһ
ɲǱ˲Żһ˵ǣ˵֪ڸС͹˵ģǲ룬Ҳҵ
ոѵĸףַԸù˺üʱ̲ܰ
ۼܰɫѣæ˵ˣ֮ǰ˵ҪøЩֻأȻˣһȡ߰ɡ
ܰЦֻǲ
㣬ֻѦҹ͸ģ֮ǰǼ£͸͵УͲҪƴ˰ɡ
˵ţȥֻù
ſӦȴӣֻ˽ͷĻȥñ軹ûлֻūȥðɡ
δҲãȥءͷ˵
ӦˣƬ̵ĹյֻղֻĺӰϣֹ˳ȥ
ܰ˫ʼնֻϣ۽üҽԺ˼ִ⣬а룺벻ܰĶѦҹء
ضֻǼϲġ˵ţܰȻ΢죬 ˵Цˡ
˵ѦҹʫֻģҲܿЩֻף˵Ҳν־ͬء
ãѦҹӲ磬ƷλȻҲǲҵЩСŮӿɱȵģܰС˵
˵ǡһϵĲˮһڣԼм⡣
ѦҹӣĿǳÿһЩϲЩӹ֮£˵ײǸųţϲĹӸˡ
۾Ǹ廨ͷпãѵܰ죬Ц
²豭ȴһü΢ӣôˣ

 8 

Ƭ̣ż˽ɫ˵عĻǴˡ
ͻˣΪβػ
򴽣ͷǴûõ裬Щޣڷ˼䣬Ͷ˵ˣӴλǡ˵꣬ؾص˸
Ĭ˰Σˣ֪ˣȥɡ
ӣ跽ſЦö㿴Цˡ
ܰЩεЦЦͷһڲ裬ʱⷿ
ĸ״λòãȻ֪ģլЩ˾ĿŵĿӣûеҴӵĬǽЩ˲
СûĸΨһĸֲߣĸǷ̫Щ
ٿ䲻ܵĲùȻΪѵʱ豭Ҳ൱ֲڡ
ֻܰ貢ܸĸ׳谮ȴҲû뵽˾вЩ֮ġ
㣬˵强üСù˵ø׵ĳ谮Ľѹ˵ţ̾һ
ܰ¶Щ̣һת谮СùãΪβҸԺյŵأСùҲСˣڸУҲ᲻Сù뿪ǳȥͲµСùõԵ
ܰ˴Цһ֪λСùһ۸ڶѰĹٻ˼￴ϣ
װƶǶĵ˵ͷֻ˵Ҫ˵Ϋݵõ˼ĪڳƽˣѦҹӡ
˵͵ֹס˻ͷܰϹȻɫæ⣬ЦӯӯʵҪĹӣĺǿθء
ˣô󲡳ҾͲ߶ˡܰ˵ţԸѾȡֻСԺ
ȥʱҴҳŵɫЩĵʵôˣ
üЦûôǱһ˰ˡ
Ʋǹ߳գ֪µ̱ĺܣҲҪģūȥһ
ϣСѾͷֵͷˣǿ̱٣ǻǳ˿ģռ˱ˣõĶҲûɣ˵ţЦֵ˵㴾Ķͷ
Ц֮ǰԲģԭȫˣūҲûаܡ
˵ţƫȥˣʱȡССͭ裬ʢű黹˿˿ð
Ҫ󲡳ģճûпȻȵҪССıڴʱԵΪ
ںãҧ赱ˣūòŸôһ飬ίȴպţū澹ȥ
Цģ˼趨ᱧűѾͷ±һ׼Щ÷ɽ髣ʱǺúЩ÷Ҳý
üЩţȴ˵˵ǣ÷ҲǰЩˡ
˵Щ۽ͳ۷áӣ̲ס̿ˮ
ǰ۳űǶˣʱбȻΪ֣ҪҪȥ䣿һӣһ̧ʵ
ӣ޳ָ棬ʱ˵ɡ

ܰһ·ԽԽո˵Ǽһ̣ÿÿ뵽ϲ⣬þöûгޣȻǿѦҹɡ
ͷһѿһĲجΰ֮ȥ
ĸףСùǲǿѦҹӣܰšüģǳ½ӿޱۡ
ҧ˵Ҳ޿ܣ˵żΪִ֣ԭ˼ĥҪأ
ҲԼͿĸ˸ʮ꣬㸸ױΫƵطʮ꣬ڼ˶ǨĻ᣿ֵУѦң
ܰ½˵޷ޣֲѧõʱСùöѦҹ⣬˳һʫԣҿѦҹӶҲǼΪ֮ͣǰûΣһȥģ벻Ǵ㲻ֵ˼
׼ѦҹߵýˣǸĵȥףһȻ±룬͵ŷļɣǴһֺ̡½ӽ˵
ܰĸףˣŮô죿
½ӳƬ̣οҲ𼱣ôýģĸţֻ㸸׳š
룬ںԺְǺպĺԺ£˾˵Ϊ٣ҲǽѲʹɼ϶˾˺á
ⳤƽȻȲ֮ǰʢɵǺңѦҹֻǸӣ˶֪Ǹ粻ãԺƽľλǻѦͷϡ
ƽֲǵɵӣǽĺˣΪȢһ޼֧ŵŮӣ
ԣŮᲢۣŮܷſľǡ½Ц˵
ܰƲĸ˵ǣɸ׶Сùü谮ȥҲδòܳɡ
仰Ȼ˵½ӵһҲ֪㸸׹ʲôԻݣ
ʮ꣬ҪΪɩξźţƾʲôҪһµĵŮ
Щ½Ӷ΢ʣΪŮ£ǽ޵˹
ĸףպźãܰʵ
½ӵЦЦлһ˿䣬Ůľǣĸ׶ԸԳ
ѦҹȢˣ϶Ҽ
ܰԣչյˣŮˡ
˵ƺʲôƵģ˵ĸףŮһ󡣡
Ŷʲôģʲôֱ˵ǡ½üʵ
ܰ򴽽ǣԥ˵ҵõԺȥ
㵽ȥʲô½ü΢
ĸɫѣܰԭ˵ĻӲ˻ȥֻ˵ûʲôյ֮δȥôҲǽһ±ȥ̽һˡ
ԣ½ӵɫţͺ˵ڸޱҪҪǵòźá
ܰӦһȴЩΪȻ
½ӵĿʵˣ
ܰʵŮǲãôȵﻹŴգϻŴ£ɺء
˵գ˵լµҲǵģһ趼δЩ̫ˡ
½ۿܰϵ㶮Щʲôȴͣסլѧʴأû±ͷЩʫģҲúúõĸѧѧܼҵѧʲ
ܰΪ˵ϼ仰ȴƽ׵ĸ׵һѵ⣬ǲã⣬ԺҲĸǰЩָûȤ


 9 

ֵ̫ŪôĻ̵̻ģļҲ֪ܲھءһ߰ѣһ˵
ֽӹõѷŽԺѼϽģ˼ζǱ֮ǰõĶ࣬ʮֵɿڡ
ӣ˵̫̣˵ԴɽϵһۣеļʿĴ̣Իڡ
ö̵̫֮ͽ鲼˴ϱʿֺ̼ͣͨգͷһʰ̶̼꾹򣬿νǷˮ
ʮ̫̽״Ū̫顱ͷңָ岢ӣܹͳҵģȻ̡̫
Ǵ治Ȼ췴͢˽̫Ϊ̫Ҳͳа̡
͢ȻΧ̫̣ʵֶ̫࣬ڰʴ˳Ч
̫ҲתûнҸͶȻٱ췴ҲЩ֮٣Ϊ䶯ľ֮ǰ̵̫Ľڹ컯֮£³ظһ
ⳡɱ䶯Ұʵŭطٸ׷̫̣ץߣıﴦ
ΫȻҲǸݸ̫ȴδڴ˷ˣⷽһֱòȻҪ鹦֪ˡ
ɴ˿ɼ˶ٻЩµġ
񷻼Ȼ̫ңѨδΪͷʹѰɡ
ҵǾãڵļлھٰ졣̵Ĵ˸Ƿƶ˵
ʵô֪
Ҿ֪ҪҪģ϶գգ۾
Цū澵ǮͲ࣬ͱ˰ɣ
ȴģҪô򷨣
ɫһЦھУóһµǮҵ۷Щ۽
ȡأ
Ǻð죬ױ̨ϵһͺá
ԾԾԵգգ۾˼Ƭ̣¶˾Ƶ˵˵
ȻΪ֤˵
Уū澾ģ˶ţ˵
ЦŵͷһΪ
һ磬ĻַԸʰƽѧõıīֽ⣬һʰ֮ͣ󣬱Ժš
ҪȥѧãСʵ
Ȼѧ˲ټ٣մڸҲЩģ˻ȥߣ͵ɢˡ
ԥƬ̷ſ˵ū˵ùǰѾʼȥѧˣȥȻǡ
ʲôЩԽԽ۸ͷ㲻ġ˵ţչһʯ͵ţͼѾڶӲߵС·˹
ԩ·խɣ
ţһĨЦ⣬߹ȥСùãþδ
·꣬Ƥʤ
ȻûƤֻƳһۣ˵ﾫŲҪȥѧˣ
Сùǰ㾪ȬֶŮϾᣬܲڷŰɣЦ
ɫ΢Ե֮ǰݣղǱ仯Ĵء
ЩԼøɣЦݲֻжЩײ
˵գһǸøмؼʱء̲˵ɫް
ЦСùĻյ飬ֶŮΪûڣֶŮܴЩСùҲͲдһˡ
˵ǰһѹС˵СùõնԸ˵ֶŮСùˮֶŮˣء
ɫһ䣬ֻü΢Ǹûصǰͷ֪˶Ҫ죡
˾ҴлҪСùˣȻźۼ
ǵȻ˵ǰǴҪ֮Ĺϵǿɶĺܣ
豾ĴԹɼȻûܹǰ½أ㲻Ըֵ˺ĵزȻ˽˵Ļ裬Ҫϡ
ټĲľ룬ˣ˵ʱ֪ͱƽ˼֡
⣬Ҫġ
Сùúöڰ䣬ܰ㲻֪ʲôطȻð˳ɫģ񶼱ʮֵ
һæǶﰡڴϣ˵˼л
Сùòÿζ͵ѧȥѵûģܰƳһۣ˵
ԣΪ֮һͣͣȴܰȻתֻЦãȻҪȥѧãһ·ɺã
ǡȻǺõġ˵ţƳһۡ
СùãֶŮþһˣСùҲԱ㡣ܰ˵⻰ĶǸ䵭
۳ܰЯһ·Զȥöŵãõĺأҵ뿴ݵʲôʱ򣿡
ѾڶǰʵﵽôͺȻðˣū澿ոյɫǰ˵ĵľˡ
бһۣǳԺҾŵڵʱҪȫľ´ΣϸҰƤ
ڶɫ˸
裬ΪҺ֮ܰĹϵ֮Ǳƣ˭Ц󣡡ü΢һ˫Ӻݺݶȥķ
ܰϾָĵŮȿʣװεļΪʯ·ϵʱ˿õɱǿöˡ
ɫĴΧŵļҶ֮࣬Ϊ̵̫Եʣаڶ࣬вҪʿΫݵ֪ȻܻΪ̵̫ҪĿ꣬ǿЩû
ãոСùõЩ㡭ܰڳУƺδڻ԰˵ĻͣվǷĲ£Ҫʣȴֲ֪
ܰһֹģ跴Ц㣬޶ۣ˵һд֣þãСùҽ֮Ǹű֡
˵οƵס֣ܰ˵ֻŽ㣬Ҳá
Ǳ衰ֿ򶯣ܰݵȻõģ˵ĶԣСùñϾҽòͬ˵ȻҽøЩ
룬ҾͰˡЦ
ԼΣܰеһ˿Σֻ뵽ĸǿӲ̬ȣӲĽ˿ǿѹĵס
˳ΪѦӣպǳƽķˣʱûл
ţܰҲĸֳ˵Ц⡣

 10 


轫һпܰ˼סҪ޸ѦǲڱƲһСҪ½Ƿˡ
һڵЩò׼Ͼ½ƢЩɶĻǼΪˣҲСôꡣ
ĵеķɲһСɱȵģ½ǹģ㲻Ԥϰ˳ˡ
ѧþֲԶԼֻһ·̣ܰʱ򣬸պüѦҹӲ
Ѧմŵɫɫѥڶаķ˿ȫ𣬡һƥɫĸͷƽʱĿȣǶ˷
ĽеӸǣСˣֿǽýݣü֮Ҳƽʱ˷ݵӢ
бվԵܰһۣʱȫ񶼷Ѧϣһ˫΢΢죬۽Ǻģֲ԰ˡ
Ҳѹ֣Ѧĳȷʵڣټϲ׵ԼԤǰ;Ȼ׷²һƬġ
Ѧӡؾص
ܰۼѦȻߵǰηѰɬЦЦܰѦӡ
񡣡Ѧ˵ţŵĻ󣬽ʵǰżз纮ӿǴˣ
С΢΢ţСȻˣлѦӡ԰գתܰ˵㣬öδѧã˲ٹΣȽȥ׼ˡ˵ţѦ΢΢֮Ŵ߽Ѧҵĸš
Ѧü΢˵ЩʲôվһԵܰʵѦһȥˣ
ѦʶĵͷŶĴԣ±ȥܡ
Ѧտ׻˵Ӣۣܰһù۳ҵķءܰ˵ţѦ
ܵ÷ˣ
ȣѦԵЩĲɡ
ˣǰչʫֻҶյˣģܰмֻϧܰĲɲкܶʫʲ⣬յ˿գһҲָܰһܰ͵ۿѦĲСʵ
˵ʲôʫʣֻԣѦȴššüġ
ǰǰչ͹ģĪˣܰ
Ѧ˵Ŷˣ⼸æȻһʱ֮˴£Ī֡
ܰһ˿ʧЦҡͷ޷С¶ѣ黳
Ѧǳƽլ⻨԰ͱָ˺ü£̨ͤ¥£ɫݰմﶬãСˮ֮ʻ泤Ҳ֮ϷˮĴ
У裬΢紵һϷνһһΪ⡣
ѧñҲΪѧʲôʫʸ踳Բδֱȥѧڵˮͤʱ磬ԴŴڻ԰й
ո˵ҪЩȥѧأôйˣʱ˷ӵѵɱūûһߣһ߱
Դˣ赹ǲ⣬ѧϲõģҪȥеǰ취Ӧ
˰֮ҲЩˣټϴס߶죬㲻òˮͤȥ
٣ģĶѾؾصԼλϡ
ΨһֵҵǷӻδСߵλ£һġ
Ѧֱڵһţܰ󣬶ѦĺλãԼܰλöţּүԼСġ
ȥλݵլãҪŹȥֲˡ
ݾΫ·;ңԶټòһһϦ֮һȥ£ʴ軹δˡ
СﵹǶԴЩֻȥʱ̫ã˲ٵĹΡ
ʵ֮ǰļ䣬ѹͲǶϣֱֳ֮ǲͬն
Сȴӳĺܣֳ֮աΣֱ˷ָĵز
֮ȥãҲܲСҪ徻Щˡ
棬СֱһޣҹҹŵĲҸԻˣӶѡ
ԭѦҹҲ˷˼СȻҳȴͨ͸׾Լָܳ裬ϾҲֻǵĳ檣ѦңȢŮӡ
Ϊ£ûСڣСĲԸȥѦǰЩտ޿䣬֮ǰŲŲԴҲЩš
ʴˣ룺֮ԲģҪլȥҲСˡ
Ӿ彲Щʲô貢⣬Ҳȫû˼ȥԹԵĶ֦ϵ
֮ǰѧϵʱﰵûòѦʵ࣬Ϊָ԰һ֮Ըŵܰ
ܰһȫϵѦϣɵҲܿһ
ٽʱ򣬷ӺȻе裺֮ǰ㳭дʫʣдˣ
һվ૵ӣҡһûд
üеһģǰЩӲˣɾˣϾʱҲðʫʳдãʼղźá
ѽдʫʵ˾⣬ʱȻֻõͷӦţȴ룺ô˷ˣѧԺҲա
̬Ȼпɣ˵δʱͷٶ೭һ顣
ԣ谵һл֮
òװӲ깦ΣڿԴߴٴպñīЩ뿪
ܰѦԸܰѾ߷к˵ڸſڵ
봾԰ڳι˻㣬ĥʱˣŵķȥ
룬߳԰ʱ򣬾Ѧ˸š
ü޿ɱܣֻͣԭأͷ˵Ѧӡ
ѦǺܻ䣬ֻǰҪȥˣ
費źۼ˺󼸲ɵͷǣ㻹ſڵңȸˡ˵Ҫߣȴ̧ʱȥ·Ѧ˸ʵ
֮ǰҷԸС͹ȥֻʫʣΪҪת͸Ѧǰһʵ
ȻΪ£
ѦǺܴΪҪȻ׷
Ѧӣκζ費գ֮ǰᣬԺᣬΪת͸㣬ѦӦ֪ɣ˵ţ
Ѧһĵ׷ʵⶫ͸ģҲͰˣαҪתˣ
Ѧӣ𣿡˫Ȼͱˡ                        
ߣлΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
21675187 10ƿǰѼ 5ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

 11 

豾ԸѦֲԸ˺Ƥ˲ӽ˵ףκ˾˺ƤѧЩܾ֪ȥˣ
Ѧ𣬲ԾС͵ңֻ֪Ҷġ
ѦӣأǸˣӦ֪Щһ˵˿ڣأ趪һ仰֮Ѧ߹û˿ͣ
Ѧԭأ֮ת뿪ķԴ򴽣ôһ˲䣬Щ¡
ԣǺ¡
µĲǱˣǸƽһ仰˵ָ衣
ѦĲԵ˲٣ſڵʱ򣬹ȻܰȻϵȺˡ
ôӣɵ԰й䣬ҲҪڴ˵ȺˡʱպôӸеһ߹ʱѹЦ
ЦЦСùҲ£ɼѦĻ԰µĽ˲ء
裬ѦĻ԰ٺãҲƽ֮һҿԼûȥĻ԰йˡһĨЦּ
ȴЦһʲôƽŲںȥδԸء
ЩŮ˸ԼΪĿ֪꣬Ǹʱ˶סġ
ϣνķ翿ԼЩ
磬ƲϳȻܰЩ¶죬æЦ˵öõˣ֮ǰѦҹĵãŵ԰˹䣬һʱ֮ʱ䣬͸ǡ
һ˵ܰԭֵԹʱɢ˲٣æַס裬Цҽ֮
£üʵûΪѦãô죿
ܰ̾һ֪ո뿪ѦӾ˵Ҫȥ£Ҳ뿪ˡ
Ŷøոմӻ԰ʱ򣬼Сùôһ߳ǡ˵æҡͷˣҲÿˡ
ܰɫŹ֣кݺݵľһ£æ׷ʵüʲô˵޷
򴽣ԥĴ㣬øոҲżȻƳСùһˣ˵ıӰʹЩѦҹӡ
ǴҴһƳʴҲûп̫ԶҲ̫⣬ҲһʱۻҲ˵ء
ã֪֮ǰˮͤʱѦҹӸһ뿪Сùñ뿪ˡ
˵ĶԣȻѦҹӴ˼ֲܾ׵ýˣĸΪѡ˼ҲһһܾȷΪѦҹˡ˵꣬ܰҧ
˵ţ̧ϸϸ֮˵ӣȻ
ò֮ҪʤһҲò绨ǰȴѷɫ١
۲飬ͨʫ踳ʫȻҲǲڻ£ǽͬѧö飬ȴ֮Զˡ
⣬Ѧһ򵭵ģѧüʱ˵һ䣬ʫʣ̸
ټϸĶĳ谮ܰʱԼĸ׿֮⣬ԡ
뵽ЩܰߣǹУеһ˿ů밲ġ
ãҲ㣬ȷʵѦҹ⣬ɡҲˣСùֻҲˡܰ˵Щ죬ɫȴ
ãɷңܰ˵꣬Ĳ˵㼱÷ģ֮˳Ѧңý֮ұȻǡ
֣ܰŵĴǣ˫΢΢ţдŨŨ
ҲǲͶҽڸжǺõģԼʤҲԶϼ֡
赹һȻܰѦ־ڱصãȴҲû뵽֮ϧµŮһССŮ
ǣװЩΪѵģ㣬ұǽãðӦģɽҲ֪ڸ΢ᣬҲ
ԣܰһæ˵£ֻҪÿϰͺã
ȻҪΰæֱ˵ǣֻҪģƴǡ˵
ܰһȵı仰Цãлڸȴûʲô㣬һϻۣ֪ʲô⣿
ЦһܰǴһֺ̣Ѧҵ·ֲ빫Ȼ˺ܳŮҲãҲգŮް
˵ãʡѿࡣ
¶ɫ૵޶ۣĶʲô⣬˵׶Сùĳ谮ʲô飬ҲСʹѣӰ쵽¡
ԣܰɵЩʧҲ֪˵Ķʵ飬ָʮ࣬й©ҲûбСĸõѱÿֻҪڸǰװװᣬն»СС»ˡ
ĴˣֹĸףСﶼѾȥĴˣڸеЩ൱
㿴ϺöٱѲߣǳʲô𣿡װȵʵ
ܰ˼ڴ֪Ϊ̫аҪΫݡ˵Ȼס羹Ȼһ˿µͷ
ۼˣ֪Ҫҧˣⷴʵ̫а̣֮ǰײѾΫݵа̽ѲɾҸȼ˲ɣ
ҸȼҲпܵġܰ˵ᣬ
絶֪Լոջûа˵ǱηηĵͷС˵㣬ôˣΪ̫а̣ͱúÿ£
ԣܰƬ̣Ƴһۣ룺ŮŮԼһųǲã
ԽˣԽǺñݡ
Ŷֻ뵽̫а޶з޷޶ѣû뵽ȴŵˣǽĲˡܰȥеıġ
ƶǶĵ˵ͷȴܰ˵վǶ缯ˣʱп϶ַǷÿȥ䣿
ðͬȥ𣿡Цʵ
ܰġšһζĵȻҪͬȥġ
˱̫ˣԣЦޱ財
ҪϹˣҪ½ΪԼŮεȵزˡ
ڵϷضȻǾʾף
صָջ·լµԺţʱ۾гһ졣
赱汧裬еˮ÷۽ЩҲ˲ءһЦһ߽˵ū͸ýҲȥȥ
Ų߳ңüĵܰĶ湻죬½
ӣأ˿ڲˮʵ
Ӵ˾ˣ˵լ¶࣬ټϹ󲡳㲻߶ˡ
Ǹˡ轫豭£˵ȥĳʳԺѾǷһ֣˵ǴӷԸġ

 12 

ūסӳȥ֮󣬴ǡŸ߽Сİڷźã֮˵ҪҪȵ÷ʱѾ˵ġ
΢΢ףתߣԸԼҲʢһ룬һ˹ɡ
ͷӦһ֮תȥˡ
ʱʢ˺÷˹ӻѾкȥƤˮңɫ֭Ĺ⿴ˡ
÷Ĳɿڣɫ֭Ʈżӯ͸ıӣһڹȻƢϵĲҲ˸ɾ
ӣվǶˣԺҲ׼׼˵
ʵҪЩӣ
ʲô޷ҪԺЩѾ߶ԽæԽáЦ
ʵΪΰ
Цȴ˵йĴ㣬ȥǡ
ӣֿ裬šŶһ˵ū澾ȥҪЩŴ׺СǶӳԡ
ԣӶһۣһЦ
ǰҹꡣ
ⳡһֱӻƻµҹʱ֣ʱһһֺĽ˺۵ѺۣǴЩѺзֱ£˿ûͣЪļ
ˮĳøɸɾʱĿгˮϺζл˿˿ĺ⡣
Щεڴǰ΢΢һССķ϶ƾЮ˿˵ϡϣˮЩ䣬ȴ·𲢲⡣
һ绮ҹգȻ佫ԺӶһɫͬʱкԤ׵ԾһɫӰ
ӰһĨڵīɫһʱֲ֮١
͸һ˿϶Ժǽɾ˲䣬ĨӰѾʧӰˡ

ֽƿȫȻ˶ηƵĴϣʱԺֻʣīڰҹɫԼڵϵĻ
ǣĿ˰ɣ
˰Σֹϴ⣬ֽϵˮĨȥô꽻ӣ̲ס̾һ
ıˣ졣
µңյļھУǻἫʧɡ
֪ŵĶһ˸ѿѪѰݡֻҪĵȴزⳡϷ
ҹָԵĽУµĻУģӰ뱩꽻֯һá
һӱ߱СԹðôһˣΪָ𣿡
ǰĬ˵ѵָôڲͬ
ͬĵ٩ڵϱûɣõء
һʵʲôϱУ
ʬҹУӵĴ̹ǡ
̿ϴͬ˿̵飬ͨ͸дЩ˿˿⡣
ǶѽڣѧǲȥģܰһҲǲѾ߹֪ᣬ˵緹֮Լһͬ
˵½ӷԸЩҪõȥַڣһ߻·һʵ
Ӵǰʮ㣬Ǻϸ죬ǿһٶ
ԺѾæ˰ɣʵ
ü΢ѹｻ¶ū澺ʹѾˣЩüĿĲ²޶¡
ţ֪ˡ˵ͷ˵Ǹӣð飬лһˡ
ūסһӦţҲͣЪ
ɣһ˸ƽ٣ַƽʮֵУʮδĹоŸַ١
ĿžеԼѡһɫİȹ׵ߣǼͨĳ񲼣ʽҲйоأ䲻ڸʣϸȴƽռҵŮ졣
˵Ѿڸǰˣ˵ǹ׼ֱ֮ӹȥͺá˽
˵ͷӹΧñϸĴãҪŵһпɫ¼ɡ
Ӻʹ֣صĵͷģūס
ſͣһܰùߵһƽ½ӳʱġ
赽ſڵʱܰѾҲǸողŵմŶɫӣɫɳȹں˳ķ˿˻һ٣бŵɫʯǶһӣΪԹѵòƽ˼ޡ
ȵ죬ôΧñˣܰʵ
С˼ҹЩЩԣһҪͬһܲܽ㣬ΧñһڣĪ֡
ԣܰ΢һüӽƽ͸ö൱ЩѾãȾ˷纮ɾͲˡ
˵ǣýضСġ˵̧Զ½ӵЩȵʣĸҪҽͬȥ𣿡
ܰͲµдһʣڴĸ׽ղȥ
˵꣬ﴽǣնѽڣĸøеЩԵ﷢գȨΪаչѽڵһСС⡣
ֻǽһĸ׽ӵ游ҵţЩ޷ǰˣʴˡ㽫и˸СùãϾǸг˸ĸ֮⣬Сùñߡ
Ц룺ĸŮ˹Ȼûʧ½ӵУ֮ԼҵķŮȽҪЩ
游ļ飿
⵽Ǹȴ޷ܾĽڣģ
Ҳ½ΪŮڴ㶯ҵˣ
棬ֻ農Ϸɣʱеһг䶨ҪĻαá
ǣĸ͵˵ǣȴ£ȷʵҪֲִǡ
԰ĸҲ롣ܰĴ
΢ЦŲٴ𻰣ܰü˵ãʱˣϳɡ
ã롣бһȻ򶫱ʻȥ΢΢ʹ
ڵļйȻַǷе̼ҶŴʱóԼûĽЩϷ˵ֱݣΧ۵İʱʱ󾪺뻶Ц˷дһͻֵľ
˭֪Ƭ֮ڸŵģնıơ
ʻھͱͣۼİʵ̫࣬ܰҪ³С
ܰһϲֵĳ棬龰ʱЩԥ伯Ͳϲʴ˲¶ɫ
赹ǶŴļĸȤ˳ʱ̾ͱ·Ըɫ̯λסĿ⣬һĹѾ˺üС
ܰȴûӣټΧӵСּ̯ۻ۵ҲҪⶼƽϲ徲ꡣ
οջмҪҪȥ˿ûвԭҲԶʱѾʧȥӰ

 13 

ܰعҪѰʱֻĴֲĴУֻܷԸߵĸŵС˿ȥѰ
۳Ϧ£ϵȺҲԽԽ࣬ܶǰ½˺ɫĵܰļ١
ǴԼʱ¾Ͳóˡ
ܰţֻ֮ôѾܰºС˾ȥˣ뿪֮ǰµСһҪҵ裬Żϡ
ܰ뿪֮ʣƲ¥İһָŲ豭һϿŴҴ뿪ָˣ⡣
ǡЩʵ
ЦЦʵ֮ǰĵҿɻûء
˵վߵ̲סЦã۷ɲԶҪһˣ
Ǯɲ࣬͸ūôһɣ
ã͸ôһЦָЦ˵
˵֮ӣ˵ȴǲܴˡ˵ţ¥°͡
ӺʹԼͬ¥¿ȥָļСڲ¥»ϣӲƬ̱
Ҽǵ¥ǵȥɡĽ豭ϣ˵
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Ҳ¥ر֮ΪվİƾԶͿԿеȫֽҹŵƽʣʮֵĺÿ
ֹˣ¥ĲƷҲΪڣ˵ڻʹڵ˼Ŵ˻ʹĲ£صΫݱ㱻¥ϰ
һΫݵؽԹǾۼĳлЩīÿÿҲϲڴʫԡ
ΪΫݵ֪Ȼĳͣȴǵһ
һڸвܳ裬½ʱŶŮ¥СۣȻҲ
¥ĹԶһٷҪʮӣҪ֪ƽһ費ҲʮʮѣԶٷҪϰռȫĻ
ûǮеҲΪ֪Ůȴԭ
Ƴϣ¥ֵʱ򣬿ǽճмеԵɣ¥֮оƽջҪЩ
ˣ赽ʱ¥¥᷿ҲѾȫ˳ȥΨ¥λûһѡ
Ǿ¥ɡЩͲ̫ޣС˵ͷӦ
СЦͷǰ·Ӵ󣬼˳źľ¥Ѷϣһϵ¥
¥мɢԼҲѾ߰˳ɵĿˣΧΧԼ߼ӡ
ȥ᲻ҪмɢУ¥λĵɫľƻϼ׵
СĻȥͨᣬǽʣİλڻȵ
Ϸɫдšˮ̽Ĵ֣ͣڰǰ̧ɨ⼸֣룬ȴǰɢϵһס⡣
Ӳǰŵɫѣɫװ̼ͨ֡
ϰɫСˣһԼһɾƱָ޳ɵľƱɷǺÿ
ȻЩԭ򣬶ոͣ°ǰһɲƺһۡ
ҴһƳѣȴ趸ȻЩϤĸо
ɵȥʱȴȥԹԵĺԼľƣĿת¥мװγĵİ׸̨һλмֵüֻƵָ·ɣʱе˼
򴽣ĬĬĿӵıӰһۣڻ߽˰ᡣ
֪һ˲䣬Ļī̶ӣıӰƬ̣޲ڻһ˿ζЦ⡣
ڰѾɫɹˮĨõë˿˿ð֯͵̵ɫˬ֮С
ǰӰͬǺľɣοյŵһŮ·ͼ
ܴ󣬶Ĵǹŵģ߻ڷһźɻ͵Ĳ輸ԼľǶ˿Բʡ
輸ϰŸССĲ¯͸Щ˿̿¯ϷܵǸɫ¯Χĸͬ豭
ڲ輸λã򿪴һߺȲһʹľɫҺЩ˼
¥⣬еһŻףǴΪ롣Ҳѹڳпʮ¡ˡ
򴽣ԵС˵СĸСˣĸȲ˼ɡ
СӦˣּһ䣺¥һúȵĽǶѽڣϰЩƹۻ棬ȥۻƵĿɬһ㴼ﲻһ
˵ãʵԺﾹ˽֮ǰǸӡ
ȵҲֹ
òãСʱǡСԥĿºڣĲͷ˵ҲãǾһɡ
СЦӦˣϣԵȣƲ
С˰ţЦŶԴ˵ȥ۷Щ۽ɱŪȥ
üӦһߵʱ򻹲˵Ҫȵū澣ū澻һһء
豻һ֣ͷȥٻأžǡ
ԣŸ߸˵߳˷ţоֻˡ
˵
һҡͷūˣͬ
㲻ˣˡ迴˵
ԣһۿЩ죬ֺȻ뵽չڲᣬֻҧţСɵǵͨ졣
ˣҲɵһᡣ
ӵ֣ק£˼£ִˣֻ˳˼СĵӵıԵʱܹվơ
ţһҪˤƨҿɲܡüƤ˵
ӴƬ̣ġӡ£ƨŲŲ
ͶˣҿѸɶץ˼Ѹɷӵǰ
ԥţ֪ΪκȻģ⻹С
Ƴɻ񣬾Ͳµ룬ӣԺû˵ʱʹһԷһ죬֪ܺ𣿺αطҪЩƹزɣ
˵꣬˳ַ˸Ѹڿнţ߳Ա˵Ŷĺأ쳢
ӴţСѸɷУȴζͬ
迴ϻ̳ϿֵӣвɵúЦļ˵ҪعصѾͷתӣ²һһϦ¶
˼ˣ˵ͼŲ֪ΪκȻ֨ѽһ˵϶һŮӵӰ˽
Ӷһۣ˭û˵
Ůƺ֪ڣֻź˼ת̧ͷʱ򣬺ļӾǰŵôԭأ˿á                        
ߣ»еСɰO(_)O~

 14 

÷㣿ݵĳĬӵһϡ
Ůӵɴ۾ӣеĹâɿ־彥Ϊ˾ȣǣӣ
ңңϲǰҪסŮӵ֣ȴһ˹ȥ
ֻŮ˫Ŀ裬üʵ˭
һæĴ÷㣬ﰡѵ㲻ǵ𣿡
ŮӲŵĿ裬з˵⼸ֱ֣񣬳žмֿɲ
һߵͷһŴ÷㣬ôˣﰡ
Ů͵Ĳͷһۣ֣󾹺Ԥ׵˫ȥ
³ͻȻӺǴֲ
ȥ׷赱ϵ˵ԣӦһϸ׷˳ȥ
ֻʣһˡ
üϸϸŸոմ÷⾿ɺϣ˹Ϊ֮
ɺϣӱضϴˣ÷ҲӦϳ˲ŶԣΪҪӣ
˹Ϊ֮Ǵ˵ǺĿģ
뵽迴˿յİᣬһ˿õԤȻѵǡ
ʱٴαƿ˼̧ȥԭǵС˽
Ļأ˵µС˲ϣֹɫζȫҲΪ˿ȥ㲻ɵʳָ󶯡
СЦɾƺϣ˵һվһʵҲδƣǷϴˣ
СԣҡͷЦûû
Ļ䣬ͼűٴƿ룬һ˻ֹ˷š
֪ãȴװģʵСЩ˭ܲ
СЦݲֻ֮ǰЦģȴΧǰ
󣬵СⲽǰС˵λ԰꣬һкϷء
ûܣΧǼ˴ŲһɫڣʮµģƿʵžƺԼǰľƱﵹžơ
һ࣬һ磬Ϻޱ飬һ˫ڶ٣ŵ񵭵ɨ˲
ҲһѰ̼װ磬ȴЩ׾ӷףвϰŸ֬衣
գ迴ǸСüΪֻͨͨҪȺ̾ͻʧĳ̶ȡ
ɴʱֹɫ۽üҽԴŨŨɱ
ϢҲû취ţһ֮ǰǸ͵ĵС
ԣ˵ͷ졣
ʲôϷҲŲҪأЩҵѾ߻ҪȥˡƵƵҡͷüɵĿ˵
ԣСȻһЦѾǻزˣȰùԹԵĴĻ
˵ƳƳˣЦţƢãʲôùﲻصľٶɾͲˡ
䣬ĺ׳˳˵ʲôһ񲻸ɾ
Сɫһü⣬絶㿴׳ˣ˵ʱ˵ķݶˣ
׳˽ӴĿʱѾЩʱʶĵͷȥȻӦ
˽оһſ˵޷նҪģʲôֱ𣿡
Ƚɺִ̼ȴڳĬƬ֮󣬶ԵС˵ͷ죬˲
ǵСӣķʵôˣ
ѳ̣ҵҫֻƻ£еİձȻ˲أвҽͽ̫һ򰮻ڣһ¡
סڣ̼װӻδ˵꣬ͱСϡ
ɣ̼װס˿ڣСųһһ˵
ѳϵҫͽΪ֮Ҳ֮õĸ֣вĵС˵
ٺ٣ҵȵ֮ʱ̫ԣԸ̷̣ģ˵
⼸˵ĶԻ̲סһǰ⼸˾̵̫ʿɣǼҪ飬»ڳĿֻš
ʱھж缯УȺۼ˳ĵļ֮УǿֻȺɢȻɲ̤ʱֲ롭
ң⼸ѹûҪųȥŻǰԽݣҲڽӣ
뵽˴費ɵһ󺮲
ǡ̵̫ˣӣСʵ
⼸˼Ȼ̵̫ʿȻֲһһܳ䲻⣬ǿһ˿ʤ㣬Էĸˣ֧ȡʤ
Ψ֮ƣֻʱװƵģԷϣһЩʱ䣬գ龰֮ίʵ벻κεİ취ֻǼˡ
Ƕ̵̫ˣˣСʵ
輷ᣬҸ׼кǸУǷңҸ׿ԸǺܶӵġ
⼸ˣͷЦʲôرȤ顭Ψִֻ̼ǷܵЦ˼ǲҪӡ
ԣҪ׳ĺ͵ֹסЦ븩ӣ
ӣǱŵƵģһţСǣҰɣ
ģ̫ûټЦСһѾ˻ͣ¥ÿһԲϵŸӣֻذôһĻǣ¥òһʱ̾ͻữΪҽ
ԣһĻš
¥λڳģܼ֮ʱȻױըĪ˵¥еЩ˾ĿܣΧ˵Ҳ⡣
ֹˣ¥һըΧİղ֮£ȻĴӣ໥̤޿ɱ⣬ټϴʱܼ⡭
޷ȥС˵ģֵĶ缯жȻΪ˼
ɫ԰ף촽΢С˵ֹˣʱǼ˻ȼϲŵġȥ
ڶϱ̵ĽڼˣȻȼѳ̣ʱ򡭡оһƬ𺣣龰ȻÿĽء
˵ǲǰСɴ˺ͮͮ۾˷
ͷû˵
£ˡ
¥λڳģһը֮󣬰ձضɢӣ⼸ֱ˶ĸ
¥Ұǿߵ˶࣬ôߵǸ˾ͻȼϵġȥ
ôڶ߽·ڴ̫ھͻٴȼͺͻӣٴܾ֮±Ȼͷ
ʱߵ⼸˾ͻῴǸߵ˶࣬ǾͻǸ·Ľڷźš
󣬳ĴըؽһƬ·ӣĴ̤ҲѪɺӡ
ƻֶֺ                        
ߣ»צӡСɰǷϣϲҵСɰղأȤ԰ɣ(,,???)

 15 

װµģûһţеļƺҲȥ֮ǰڼȾ֮⣬СһֱվڴߣЩơ
̼װɫЩѿĬĬĵһ͵ǰЦ˵Сȵưɡ
ҡҡͷҪ־ԵѲֿյİ취ͷܷ
ΣҲܾط
ЦЦԹԵΪԼһƣ૵Ů£ϲľ¥Ľ˿ˮɻ⡣
˵ֿ꣬һۣЦҳŵʱңһһҪġ
ӦˣСʡ
벻дһʣƬ֮ͷǰҴӦˡ
˵֮ԲԲչ¶һ˿ЦҴûʧ
ȻָŮˡ
迴˵ı飬һҲ˻Ψһ
죬˵Щʲôãһ֮Ǽ˭ˣ˵ˣŮǡ
ɣȶˣ˵ĺȻƤ˺׳û˵Ļ
ɣ
׳ԭǸˡ
ţɹЦ壬ļһף֪˭ɱԸ޶˵ʲôǣ޹Ҳ̣̽ⲻǶԽģǷˣ
ɱԼ޶̲סͫ΢ǸˣֻĽоһڶٵгһΣյĻߣĶɵϡ
ɣҵǲһ̡ʱʬȥҲһġ
ϸϸ˵ţһĵĻƤʱֻЩȴ˾ޱȴʹ
ɵĺ﷢ǺǡЦΪмͷһƵžһƺϣͺðҵҪʲô£
쾲Ŀǣû˵
ͲڧѰѵĻᣬֻЩףոջˣôȻ
ЩӦö̫ǧѡʿ˵֪ɣҲڻж֮ǰȻʧȥ̬
бԵɡ
ǵڸʲô
СĵͺɹܰϲϵĴŴɫͺڣʱǱΰɫ
Ŵ䲻ǰɫ¶ɴ԰׵ɫԼ΢΢鶯ŵ۽ӦҲڿѹеŭ
谵̾һС˼⼸֮ҲǼֻƾһ仰ͬʱѹסˡ
˲˵С̬ȲԻ˼֣߱ɨ༸˵סһԽּΪءҽ̵Ĵҵȣκ˶΢
˵ţͣϡ
ãСƺǣǡЩǣ
ٴһž֮С
䲻ģСɫȻһ䣬ԣⲻԣҴҵĺ
Ļڳ˽һ
ﲻԣʵ
ʱСѾ첽ߵſڣ˸ƣֻϸʲôϢ֮ɫ԰׵˵̫ˡ
⻰һ˵ڣ˵жһݡ
¥ǱƣʱӦһֵ֮ʱΣӦϯŶԡ
ˣô˰
ǡ
Сʲôɿܵߣ־ͽƿҹɫ¿ȥͷܶӰصؽֽСҲ⣬Χ̵ſҲ˿ˣһеһжƽʱ졣
¥ſڹŴĵԽΧʮಽĵطſӭ͵СæͣһɷľӳСУȴ亹ֱ
ڴʱĺȻ֨ѽ죬ŷűƿһ˻˽
е˶˲񾭣ķӦ죬ƿŵ˲䣬˾Ѿվı󣬵ֶסĲӡ
׷վǰĿ⡣
Ƶƹ磬ĲӺͥԺɢһ㣬ɫɫ¹ƤѥͦΡ
ϵ׺һ˫ڵɼĺ̶ԲУֵа
迴֮ǰ֮ǰǰǸˡ
˵ĺɨڳÿһ˵񵭵ż⣬ֳڳ˵ȣĿΪ֮ᡣ
ȫʬѡһɡ޳ָǰȻţ˵
ɫ̹ȻɣѡĲѡһѣֻѡһϲĲȡ
Сɫδ˵
ɵһѺɫĿѩĵӣҲû˵ǺԤ׵ᵶͿ
ܴٶȸǼ죬輸ɫĿ˺ƿʱġ˻˻
ԭΪƾԼ˵Ҳ׶Լþȫһ
һ̣ɵɴ۾Լ龰
ֻ޳ָͼסƲɵһƾ޷Լĵǰһ˿һ
ҲڴʱһΣһֱϸ׶ذ׾Ȼ˵ߡ
˵ɵĵ棬ҪֵбȻҪɣһȻǲɵҪֻ˵
˴ʱſԾȣٶȣҲˣĺա
̲סеСģ
һۼο磬ϸ׶ذ׾Ҫ̵Ҳ֪ʲôӣǺӾֱӶϣ
һ֮ɺһǽǰײ÷飬ϸ֮£ɰڵϣذף
³ңұӲıɵĿŰɭɭǲĶϱù˵Ľ¡
˿ûһ̧ۣѪĶϱۣ˿˿⿴С죬ʣѾѡˣֵˡ
˵ǳķţȥֻɵƻԻͣϯ
Щ֮Ů٣ƽĿ˲δʲô
ͬǣǶµĳԼǰķˣʱʱһ
ЩǳԷǺȾƶûзһ˿죬û˿˵龰һĻ쵽˼㡣
м̨ϣ֮ǰڵõǸ輧ʱѾֹͣ˵࣬Ϊͷ­ѾֿѪյͷ­̨ıԵһ˫ĿţƺҲ׵׷ʲô
᲻ԶĻϣ泯ʬ壬ͬǱͷ­
һʬϴŹٸ۵ѣĵȴѾ۳˼Ρ
ǼεһĲһʬϣϡЩѪѪʬû
ڰſڣҲѪ߰ߣһŻŮ￿űߣԭԻޱȿ־ɫ˫ȻγѪܵĿն
⼸ҵ״ŭһƵ˹
ͬʱһֱվԭĬĵСҲڶˣ                        
ߣ֮󣬻ǻΪСɰǷϺ

 16 

ಡ֧зɳֱӵǰɴ̶֮ǵСзޱȵĶ̽
ɵǱصĿҲ֮˵ĺ󱳣˲һܵе龰
˺΢˵ϮĵĴǾ΢΢̣¶һĨԴЦݡ
Х˵ӰȴȰʧ˵ǰ
СһգɷһҽУʱ˫ĿԲڵϲ˾ʹɫһĨɫѪҺĿѶ£һεεɫĵذϡ
ǰأ֪ʱһϸҶĽ洩ʺɫѪ˳εɫĽ⻺¡
Ž˴ݵİȥɸߴ֮Ȼ£¶վ˵ӰŵǱ̴ϸ
˶ϵѪԵСչЦһֵˡ
ǹǹ󣬺Ȼ˻ƾĽ
ԣͷҲأָֻ΢һƿ֮ҽе˫ۣѪ˳ָ԰׵ϣ쳣ֲ
Сڶֺ񳹵״ݻȫģ˫ͨ죬ֱĶ˵ӾĿ˶һ㡣
һҾɱʱһֱûжֵȻ˵
Цһ綾߰ιҡͷΪһں
ԣСȻͷðĴβ̴֪̫ӱ͢Χ˿ʼȻ֪жٽ
֮ԱΪһΪһûٲ´δйڡ
ȥ£а˴֮һĻżȻټ䱼Ϯǧ;׮ȴһСϱ׷ϡ
˵ǳսһֻˣҲˣϰٽʿ֮սƤͷǸ߸ߵڳ¥֮á
֮󣬹Ĵ̫˲֪˲ȴδ˼Ŀˣȫûˣһ⡣
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ԣŻΪָ߾ɱ˾Ǵ˵еĹ
ǸӵĹֻҪǱϣͬ񹴻ɡ
С£ȻѾ˱ľģɵԹʶѪȲ̵ֶ֮ʱ־㿪ʼܿƵĽ
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ԴͬʱסҲֻúһϣüģȴһԡ
Ŀ죬ЦһǰյȣŮ˵ֵһᡣ
ںΨһĻᡣ
֪ں
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δ䣬һĨɫĽĻĲ
죬跴Ӧʱֻһɱӹĺ
žһֻ֮Լ屻һɴ󳶿ƾűܵĽһţ˴ǰĲ輸£
һз̫죬գ֮䡣
ڲ輸£еĶ̵סεɫĽУ˵ϾŵЦ⡣
ë¼亹ʪ͸
Ҳ¶ˡ˵۾һһ˵
ЦˣĺһĻߣ¶ˣϧ㻹ݡ
䣬ֻող֪㵽ȥĵСҲ֪Ķðͷֱڲ輸µȥ
Сޱǰʱ붼û룬ŵС۾һȭ
һ£˵֮⣡
˭뵽һεεŮΣңַܳ
СΪ⼸˵ͷ죬Ȼֲ֮ǰݵʧֻ̬Ϊֶ塣
ĻָǣԲŻ᲻ϧһеҪٴνץУԴҪЮ
ֻϧȻû뵽ַû뵽һȭֺֿݣ
ʱȻϮʶĽһƫһȭȴմһۡ
΢еĶ˼֡
ԭ谵нһηģδƵС۾ȴһѪۡ
ʱ벻鷢ˣ쾹ȻһŽС߷ɣ
СҽһźХķܿƵŹ˹ȥ
ͬʱɿĴӻͳ˺Ļӣһػȼ
ŵСĲҽһѪɢٿʱȻӽ룡
ѪɽͬʱҲл˳ȥ
ۼǻڿл˵ߣ׹أǧһ֮ʣһֻСѩ׵ȵĽץУ
ڵСʬϣѾȫŵֵס˹һΪʱûޱȾ
ĳȻ̴ǰأ˫ͨ죬б̱ڵϣнץŻӵ裬Цһʲô㵽ˣ©㡣
⣬Ī⣿˵ţһѪĿӿ
̱ڵϣոյĶùе죬򴽲
ĵ˵ǽڱԵҵĿţûһζٵѪĭŵ裬촽˼£ȴҲ˵
վߵǰմѪնޱȲ԰׵ĬƬֱۣ֮ɵĽеӲĺ
ֱĿĴӿм֣ллδ˵꣬ͷһҲû˶
վԭؿʬ壬ĿڵһΣҳȫ㣬Ƿ
˵֮ת̧վˡ
㵽˭ʵ
ҲڿɫȻ㲻Ѿ֪𣿡
ҹ֪ۡķЦһɫ
˵ľˣ
ˣ΢΢УƳʬ壬Ǹˣҵľˣ㡭ûмǴĻĽողҵĺ
ԣüֻǰһȻڵڣɱ㡣
һ̤ڵϣëᣬ͸ɱȴʮֱˡ
˵ʲôʲô㶼Źң𣿡ӭ񣬺°͡
˵ĺζϣȻǳЦôŮӣɱ˿ϧ
ϲŭ޳нһ֪ո˵⼸仰ð˶ķգǶӮˡ
û˵ֻǻ˻֣̾вٺǰʬߡ
ڡ˺Ȼڵ                        
ߣֵͳʱСɰҪ

 17 

˫Ŀäڽɪɪ˵еɱҰɣ
һ˻ţһתǽײȥ
ϧк˵ǰֱӽ̧֮˳ȥɾ䣬˿ɡ
ΧеһҲգ֮ͻָԭòذϵεεѪѾĸɸɾһ˿ۼ
ԼЩ㱣ոľһɱ
ֻߣֻһجΣ
ˣǰֶκݶ־ߵˡ
Ѿ°˸ʹƷȲ˸ĵһһ
Ķ棬ֽƱɫľˮƮɢһ˿˿һеζʢڰ״ɵľƱУΪ;˼ŵȻζ
˵ָ޳𪣬ǽڷƱһڣü˵
ɨһ۱оƣӦûҩɣ
ͿˣƺĻ⣬ʵ
ոյĸ֮У嶼ȹƺһû˾ִ
Ϊ侲Ӧòŭ֮ˣȻǸˣ˵Ҳֱֱȥܱ̫ί˽Ҫ֤˲Ͽǰ򵥡
˵˶٣˲û˵˼ֻµӣЦЦĿίʵʱ롣
һᣬ˵˶ںһ֮׼˿ڽǡ
ȻҲ˾Ʊ֪ΪûкȣСһֱվڴڵλãҲûкȾƣһֱ侲
ԣҲбԻҩ
΢Цף˵ҼȻбھҩΪβֱ¶ҩˣҪ鷳أ
򴽣üҲ£֮ӦиԱ涾ĸ֣¶֣Ȼݾߣܾ֮ºܻܿǰȼ͡
Ŷ˴ᳶ
һʵﲻԣ
ҲҲ˶أ˷¾ƱЩ⡣
Ƭ̣˵ĻȫûΪ֮ͬǰ˵֪ĵŮ˵ȫǰȣȷʵ΢
ҲΪһССŮȥð˴աʣǺ⣿
ȴδʹȥʵΪʲôҪȡ
ΪĽ¾һұ㻹顣ʵ
˵üĿ֪ĺ
֪
øɴ࣬˾ȻһЦŮڣҲиˡ
農üô˲θڣ
ֻûʲôθڡָ˸޽ǣĴ
֪ոǳɱѾľ˵ļԻᣬǿһţﻹжȥԶ
ȻԣǾ˰ɡ˵űվ֣ʱӦʵкηԸ
׼ֹظ˵Ŀ˵
Ӧһ˻Ŀһۣɫſɲá
˵Ļոһаɷǣɫòȥɣ
˽˵լ黹ûˣҪҪҰ㣿
һûϵָլ֪һжɵ
ˣСԻᴦ
΢΢ף˵ҲǣŮ˲ͦ˵ģǼôĶ֣
ԣ費ɵһ˸ո˵Ļôڿ佱
δع˾ƿ˷ţֻ˳ȥ費ϸһ߳˰ᡣ
⣬һ
̨Ȼһ޵ĸ輧Ҳڵãͬһ˼
Χɢϯеĵ̸еĻЦеΪ̨ϸ輧ʵļն׷׽кá
СϵĴУΪü˶һԼڵӣһеһУƺ֮ǰһģһ
ƺ֮ǰЩѪɱ¾ȫûз
迴ǰ龰ĽëĲţĶλվǰ֮ңˣмֺ棬Ǽɵ¡
ſڵţѾ߶úõڳϵ㣬ϳС˽СۣʲôֱӷԸɡ߽ȣȻͣסŲ˵
΢΢˵ͷСл
ǰȥ˲֮ʱ˺Ȼ˵һ¡
һ̲ס亹졣
˻ǣ֣ɨģֻԭѩ׵ļϷһԵĺס
ҩÿ˵ţӻͳһССƿɵС
ЩȵƳһۣҲû뵽ȻסֻΪ˸һƿҩ
ΪҪȥء
ãһõġһ£Сƿġ
ԣչЦǾͺá
ڣƽ
վԭأԶȥıӰ߲֪ʲôʱһɫӡ
ԼʮµͣƤ𪣬ò޳ͦΣڵķ˿ɫͷü֮両ֳһ˿ѱζ
ʦ֣ոˡӿ輴ʧԶıӰ૵
ͷҲصĴҲġ
ǲһŮˡҡҡͷһӱ
ڻعͷĴһۣڵʬ嶼ˣ
ʦ֣㻹õҩˣ֪Ϊҩ˶ٹ𣿡ӼԹţƺδ˵ʻ
ŮȻûǲɿûʲôͬҲʦΪζģ
֮ǰҾ˵ֱ¶ͺãҲʡ鷳ʦȴͬ⣬ΪҲжɣ
ǵϵĻͱɾˣӵڵҲ޷ȼһٰˡ
ͱǰ£֪ԣֻһ仰һ˱粵ʱ˵ӰѾʧ˻ȵľͷ
̾˿ؿ૵ҵҩǱǲˡ
¥ſڵԣһС˴Ӽ裬İ˽ŵţϳʱ򻹲ѵСĽ¡
΢΢ͷл
복ᣬѵӺʹȲĹʵɻã
Ҳ˿ҡҡͷоʼǰ֮󣬲ſ˵û¡
û¾ͺãūˡӺʹظͬʱ˵                        
ߣСɰǣֵʱˣлΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ[]Сʹ 1
л[ӪҺ]Сʹ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

 18 

Ȼ˸ƣ͸϶ȥʱлδɢȥӿַǷ
Ϊ˶ĹϵߵĲ죬Сۼݳı൱ڳڼоκεĵ
ӣߴӺʹɨʵˣҷʲô£
˵
Ե˵ͷѹ˵ū澴Ӱֱ֮ڵ۷ȥˣߵӿھͱ˵סȥ·
Щֻ˵ū澵¥ԵƬ̣ٲ˵ūΣֻɺŻص¥У֮һֱںԺ᷿С
ûӽҲЩ˴ٺǸС۵Сһϣֻڳϵȹͺá
˵꣬šһ£ʵأ
ԣüū׷÷㣬ճ¥ĻȾͱ˵ס֮㱻ֱӴ˺Ժ᷿У֮һֱ봾һ𡣡
÷أüʵ
ҡͷū澱ŵʱԶԶ÷˳¥¥ȥˣ֮󣬱Ҳûмˡ
ף漴Ĭ
Ӻʹԣ´̤¥һ̿ʼͱ˶ˡ
̵֪̫ǼʿΪλѡɺϣԭ
÷ĺȻ֣ǲ˹ⰲţ
Һù˲δΪӺʹܿǺö˶˵Լǰ֮ǰģǷ˼֡
ʱգǸúú븮еǳϷȥ֮ǰ¥˲ٵʱҲøԼҸûʵĽڲźá
Ŀ񣬴ӼһӵĻʣȴҲֻţ迴Щ֮⣬ףҲԷġ
СȻԳеĵ·ΪϤݳƿӿĽֻԼĪʱ򣬱Ѿָǰ
СŸʳǰ˵ʳ¥㣬˿һ½ӵϲɻˮĺִ˵θڡ
ԣ赹һֻС۽˵ֳֵԲźãԵЩʱ򣬹Ī֡
΢ĿСһۣЦ޷ˡ
˵꣬һɫӻ⣬ЦǰĶС˵Сˣʳнū澾ͺá
ϰԸ£СۿɲС˵ţȴûнʺϽӵ˼
˵˵΢
Сۿνġϰ塱ǹɣѵ˵˻ʲôֶβɣ
СΪ˺ǻ飬ɫԥЦСķͻָܵÿŹúõĲųɰ
ˣǱͷˡ֪˵棬ˡ
ʱָŽգŵС˲δͣ³ţЩѰˣƬ̣Ըǰȥš
ӽ㣬ĪˣɫĴűһ϶ŵС̽ͷŵ֮󣬷ž
üǵȼ˹ĥĥĻţ
СæŴ򿪣͵ӽ㲻֪г˴£үԸҪŻ
żС͵ۿһۣŻҿǶ͵ȥˣ
ԩСҰС˳ü˵
ںδ迪ʵ
С˻æүͷ˶أҪȥСȥͨ
ˣԼȥͺáбһۣĿڴС˵Ļ漴㾶ķȥ
С˱Įŵӣعʱ򣬲żȻߵԶˣ
ƽʱŲĽ˵ԵСһ߶ţһ߻˨á
˲䣬һɫӰƺǰӹٿȥʱֻʣããҹɫﻹʲôӰ
۽ǣϸ⿴ȥֻܽľݣ
ĪۻˣСţת£´˯
ָãƻͨ
ͥǰĵѹѹĹһصѾСˣĵþҪˮ½Ҳǳܲ
ܰ΢Űʱʱ𣬵ϹŵѾǱֻɪɪﻹҳ
˵ۿ˽ߣûпĺݺݵĶܰ䣬Ĵ˸
ܰǰ̧ͷηη½ڷȥԼ𺣬ҧͷǣŮ
СȴһУٴκĵͷ
ĵһֻǰһתǿס֮תԹڵϵūͣʵأҲ
ڵϵū㿴ңҿ㣬ӵĲҴ𻰣״ܻŽǰŵһѾߵڵأ˵˵˵ھʹ㣡
ѾѾڶһ߷ڵأʱ˲ʹæĵĽűߣ߿ޱ˵ū˵ū˵ү
˵ţһ˵񡢽ڶŵｫ֮󣬱ֱӻظ
Χۼ˺öʵУʴū뼸С˾ǰ棬Ҫֳһ·
ɡ˭֪ȺȻһң˺ʲô̫̫ڴū澺СǾͱȺɢˣٻͷҹʱ򣬱ҲѰˡ
ڶĻ˵Ҳֱӣŵϣƺ˲䱻˳ȥе
ˣñ̫а̸°ȥ⡢Ǻã½ʵ
һۣ˫۾֮ɢ½һݣԭҪ˵ĻҲ˵ˡ
һģǺã
˵ţĶվµĹܼҷԸȥͳͳҴʮ壬ߣҷ£
үүū澣ţǰɣүүڵϵūǿ޺ţȴܼһ˻֣̾ūǰЩ˳ȥ
˲䣬ð
վڲԶӰµ轫һпҲɲһЦܲĵ˼
ֻǣ֮ǳԤ֮⡣
ߣָܼ꣬˵Ҳ֪⻰е⡣ڳЩūͿһˡ
Ҳֻܱȫڣı̫°ʹȥҲ˽´ȥȻⲢΪĻΪԼ
ϾΫݵ֪֪֪ñ̫°ɻΪ;۵㡣
Щ۵ʱܣҲǼӱס;˵ǻĺء
ӣӰ֮ڣδǰ
ڵһˣһ֣
ʱܰҲֹס˳Сߵ½ӵߣһĸס
½ֱοĪ£ֻ̫̫񡭡±ǴңȻȥЪŰɡ
ܰʱͲøϽ뿪ĴǼūֱ֮µ˼㡣
ʱ½⻰ĶвϽ뿪ĵ
ףĸףȻȥˡܰ˸С˵
ƤƳһۡ
̺ŵĲ¼ܰмܲסϥһֱӹ                        
ߣ֮ɻкϣСɰҪ԰

 19 

½ɫһ䣬ȵʲô
ŮŮҡܰһʱ֮ʧ˷ִ磬Ǻ£ʱ૵˵
Ӵɨֻ˳ǣҪ֮ʣȴܼҴҴҵ˽үԺӹˣ˵ǡ˵ǡ
üһۣԵʲôµģ
ܼҽһᣬ˵δ飬¡Ǳ˽ٳȥ
˵ʲô˽ȥĳӷʵƬ֮ȻЦðǺðһĶȥǸֵҪء
˵֮Ըӽ˵
ܼæӦһʱӾͱһ㡰ͨһ˵ϣͷ˵ūүˡ
ĴĿһۣʵܼ˵˵δ ˵˽ˣ𣿡
ӵͷү롢һȥ˼Уĺø˷˼٣ū±ȥתת
룬⼯ϸոϵƲãŵ˶˵̫ҡ
ūС͵͵Ķ˾붫ŲԶĲͷԶԶĳﱻüΧţûӰӡ
ԣüʵﱻ˽
ӽͷøͣСūūۼﱻ°ȴûȥȣūū
ףĸףŮˡ
ĵɤϣԭأԼ䡣
½ȻҲȻֵһǵǾһ򶨵Ҳı仯˵
ҪĽ
װ޲ģЦףĸףŮֻŹ伯ʱ򣬹ʴ˻ظЩǡ
˶٣ȵĿŹڵϵܰ㣬ΪҪ
ܰͷҴ𻰣ĿڵŶȥ˳еļУôŻЩֲ˼ˣ
Щ˼ЦЦʾСǰֽݹʳС
ߵĸǰʳз򿪣ȻװΪµĵġ
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ĲźۼƳһۺзŵĵģȷʵ¥Ľ˿ͺҶˮ⡣
Թ͢طĹоֻ¥Ĵ˵ı£Ǿġ
˳ӣ̴ֽʳóоӱԵڣ𿪿˵ˡ
ĵ˲٣ЦϲͺãҲŮûаװ¥һʱ
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С۸æǰִִ˺С¥Ļƣϰ缯˶࣬ΪʱȺײˣСļ͹ظ
Сλ״ǣͷллϰ塣
ܼңλȥͰɡ
ܼҵĵķԸæŵСȥˣбСȥıӰвòǡ˼ȫ
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ҲΪˣĲŻС۵ģЩӡ󣬲Ļûκλɡ
ڼǺµĵϣ˭Ůһֱ¥УЩˣҲΪҪȵĳ¯Тĸף˶ѡ
ӣող˵ۼﱻ˵°ߵ𣿡ĴСۣŽһֱڵҳϡ
Ӷӣ˵ū澣ūԶԶĿһۣŮӴ´һģһҲūۻ軨ˣūū
ˣ֮ǰ˵ܿ϶˵𣿡վʱߵӵĸǰ
ӴʱȻŵ˵ҡҡͷֵͷūˣүϢŭū
裬˵ұ°ߣⲻ԰֮ǰЩ˽Ҫ죬Ҫ˰ļ𣿡
˵ҼǵŵʱѾ˲Ŷԣ֪ҵĴŴ磿װʵ
ĪǣһֱҺͶ󲻳ɣ
仰Ӽ̯ڵϣɴ۾裬סҡͷ˵ǰմæŹˣŶū٣ɲԩū
ԩ㣿ҿϼūһǲ˼ҪŮҲԼ˼Դ
軹δ𻰣ѾָӵıǼʱû˶˸е˹ӣǸܻģ½Ӷõɴ۾
Цѣȴװίģ裬ƽʱ㲻ΪҪ˻
˵꣬Ųܰߣ˵ҺýڳǱ伯еʱɢˣˣǷҪ˵һͬ°ȥ
һ⻰ʱƴҡͷūֻϴ˶ѣûҪλ˼ū
ס죡½Ӻվ
һֱĬܰʱȻڵףūǴ˺˵˼ҲĸŮĪ̫а̵ˣ
ԣӾôԭء
ӣݺݵĶ૵Ӧ׾ͱ̵̫°ߣ
үүūڸжˣ̫ʲôǣūǣūĲǰӵĹǰ˼ĵĽűߣƴıš
ֻϧɱԡ
ϼūʵʵ˵ʵүһȻǣ޹ˣǻ˭Ҳס㣡½ӿ˵
һ̧ͷ½һۣв߶ţūģǣǡ
ʱ½ӱǰһҧʵµ㻹˵ʵ𣿡
ūū˵ū˵ʵſڵϣȫɸ
Ľͷڱʯذϣ϶˵ūԺźãһֱԺЩֻūвʣʵĻᣬҪѿ
ūͶҪȥȥ伯Уǰ˼٣Ҫûлᡣ
ū֮˵ﱻ̵̫°ˣټӳԻšŲûҲ°ˡ
ˣҲܹ֤ȥ˺δ⡢¶һȥҲôūҲǳһڶ
뵽
벻ϼūĳǺݶΪӾȻֶ񶾵ķɶ񣡡
ӵĻδ˵꣬ͱ½Ӵϡ
۽ǣߴ½ӵɨ˵ȷĿ
ߣ֮ϣϲԵСɰǿЩ

 20 

½ɫԱ䣬ֻ΢΢ȥ־˫һ
ūүūֻѿ̫̾޹ϵſڵϣͷĵ졣
ֳһ˿â΢΢̧½ӵķ򣬵ȻüϸֳЩ֮ɫ
Ц˼ĳϼūƾҲӣǸִֶĻ˶ǿһ۶࣡
ˣϼūϰʮ壬ɱ˸ϵׯϿúţ
һɫ䣬˼֮קס½ӵȹǣƴĺ޵ˣūɣׯЩֶΣūġܲ˰
½ӶĵͷƳһۣߵļӺǵʲô
Իæǰְ˽ŵĽקãڵҹɫУӺ޵ԵԶԶžҰëȻ
½ȹܰ˵ѾĻͲڴ˹ˣϽ
ܰ΢΢һæͷˣ֮ǰڼʧɢּСùñ˽ߣŮк£ˣðȻŮҲǷˡ
˵ţ䰵Цϻװмģ߹ȥסֱܰ۽õĲǣö㵣ˡ
½һۣ伫ȴδֹ
ˣЩȥЪŰɡ½˵ţģˣ˵أ
ĴҲá
˵ܰɴ⣬æףĸףŮþȻȥˡ
鵽زȻҲûмıҪܰ˵Ҳ˳һͬԺլȥ
ã֪Сùһ·ܰץֲţʱﶼ亹
ڰУܰɫ԰ף궼ڲסķ
΢΢ͷŨصҹɫסʱߵЦ㣬ôˣСùã׳ʲô£
֪ʣ뿴ܰ
֪СùǱ̵̫˸°ˣܰſǻ˵
Ȧ죬Ŵŵۿ䣬˳Ų԰׵һ·½ϣĽëϸմˮΰˮԵó
ǶĸŮ֮ᱻǰλ޵滨ŮӸƭȥ
סеĲм辪ȵĵɴӣƵķʵô᣿Сù䲻ڶŷᱻ̵̫°ߣ
˵꣬ҡͷҴ¥һ·̫ƽĺܣδ̫ң»᲻ᡭ
δ˵꣬ܰȻն˵Сùȷʵڶű̵̫°ߡ
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ĵĳ˳ǣ˵ǿɾͲˡ
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ΪԼ֪ӣأ
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УıϾ½ӵķôҲὫ֮ж·һգҲܸԼ·
Ҳˣ
һŮ˵ǻˣǵɱ˾ʹ졣
輸ӣ˲պ˿ֲˡ
뵽һȫ建ˮУȵˮӣİΨǵˮ
ϲĸоԶûκ˵Ĵţʱʱ̿̽񾭵õ̶ȵķɡ
ֱоеĿľŴˮ̽ͷһ֮˫ַȥϵˮΣ˫гһĻߣģƺһĨӰ
Ӱڵķȥȴʲôûз֡
ѵˣ
Ӱһˣ
üҪȥùľϵ£Ҫæ𣿡䲻ģһ˵
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ʶĽˮг˳Ӳ֪ĽĿʼЩ̣ڱ˫µĴ£඼÷ɿ죬ҪӺԾƵģ                        
ߣСɰǣ֮кڵأd(???)??

 21 

ӣ˿ССľɲǼĻһ˿У̲סЦЦǰĳŮ˾Ȼһ˿Ϸ֮ġ
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ģŭͷĴûõĲϱ㿴СŮӼûǸ£ҲûǸй򡣡
ҲϲһЦݲȴҡ
𾢣иգû˵ƫҹ͵͵ûǼƵģйĪҪɣ
ðŮ˲ֹĳҲЦ
˶٣˵磬Ժͽ³ҾͽΣ
Ưüƺֶ˵ҪٹأܲὫʵʾˡ
³
ǹգ䳯͢δֹʹã͢Ագܻ䡣
ˣǹ˵ֻǻ׹ݲɣ
ͷתһȦԼЩЦǻ׹Ϋ̫ಫ
׹ݵʲôʱ˲ֵǮˣ
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׵ıӦȻЩ⣬ֻ΢΢е衣
ᣬд⣬ͳɤҶΪ֮һ
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㣬𣿡ǿջཻߣʵ
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ͷҩȷʵãϱ̹ĵطѾЩƤ
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ûв´ĻҪҰ飬ҪҼĵһһɣԣüʵ
³һʣԼã                        
ߣ֮۵Сɰк

 22 

Ƥһۣ˵ǸС˼ҵŮ޸֮󲢲ܳ裬ȴбҵĴεİ񣬶һ˲ٵǮ
סãҲǰղżȻ䷢ⰵܣɱȨգ뿪ҲĹȴ׷񣬲˺Ȩʬ塣
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÷ָĿģӦþΪҪĵһһ𣿡
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ߣСɰǣ֮кϣǵצӡɡлΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

 23 

ùţƵõԵСϰںˮ㣬һЩӵĹӡ
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Źӳڣ߳ԱʣǶӦ֪˰ɣ
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˵˶٣˾ǵͷ˵ҾţԺȻ֮࣬Ҳúúˡ
ǶԺźˣ⻰ұֻ˵һΣǽˣ˹أǱҲ͵ꡣ
軷ܣ˵ز࣬ΨһҪμǵá
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˵˴΢ɨڳÿһ˵˵һڶߵׯϿǹµĺܣҵǲЩ˹ȥ
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豭һڲˮǼԺʱҲˣҸһᣬȫ⼸֮顣
вԺźģʱձֱ˵ҲֹΪѣլ֪һ˵ʸȥ
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ܰĳ˳ǣͷеĽĨĨǼĺ飬ֱ䡣                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰǣɱĻϸлΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
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ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

 24 

Ŀ룺Ů治ĵŮίʵĮ˽ȫȫѧ˸ʮʮ
ʱ֮ûгûȥ϶ϼţӦòƣĵ̬ȡ
鵽زҲûȫã˵±ͺ½Ѳ˸ϵΪ˱Ҳãȥ׶Ը
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δ˵꣬ܰͷ˵Ȼβ˺СүҲء
еҲûʲôôǸƽﲡСүѦҲҪ
ǵΫ·̿㲻ýҳˮ·֮⣬Ҫߺܳһι·ѦĲ⣬ܵⷬ·;ࣿ
˵һӺǻôᰲĴǰĪΣ
˵˴γƽʡףҪһ¾ΪҪѦѡҷˡܰС˵ţȴԾ߳Щ
һĵ˵½Ѿҵõ׼ȷϢŸԼıŮɡ
Ҳп½Ѿ볤ƽѾж˼ƽϣŽʡ׵Ϋס
ֻǳƽȻΪѦҶȢޣΪλҪСүѦһͬǰأ
еԵɿַǱϿô򵥡
ܰôҪ޸Ѧָ½ӵ˵аһֻǲ֪½ӵҺʱ볤ƽǣ˹ϵ
ƽܻϵʶ½֣ȴǸ֪ǳˣּҹȻǸʣܰҲǸ߼ء
˵ĻÿҪȹϲˡ
Ļܰ˫ո죬ߵĵͷȥС˵˵ﻰѦҹĲɷǷŵָߣ¡һء
ɱǫˣΫݵؽδĹ˭ܱȵ϶أÿαػ޵ɾ
ԣܰ۾һ˵ܽüԣǱˡ
˵꣬޵ǵĿһۣУһ÷һ߿ڵЦģȴֲʧġ
һһЦͬĻһ㣬ȻĶ
ͬΪŮӣ̲סȻǱѦӼˣҲ⡣
˵ǸŮ٣ѦҲӣõĻԼĻ¿Ҳ˳
ܰԼɫԼмֶɫѾ²µ롣
⽫һת˵㣬⼸Ӳ̫ˬټϷϴηЩʫһδʣѧþͲȥ˰ɡ
ԣܰȻϲüңæͷҲãûҪѧȥҲ޷
ñͶԶûʲô£ǶҵĹΣҿѧԺԾͲȥˡװģƲƲ˵
ܰлϲͷȥҲãʡǷӵ
˵ȴ룺լѦҲֻΪȥѧöѣȲȥˣ֮ѦҹӼѼ棬Ȼõġ
衰šһװм˵Ǿͷĸ˵һɺã
ã֮ܰ͡Ц
迿ϣòһģЦ뵽Ժ󶼲ǷӵǴûϲء
ܰһЦ֮ǰ΢üҲ磽⿪
ܰǰػ˵Ѿʱ֮ǰܽ͵ߵׯϡ
Ӧһ߳ѱ߷Ը⼸Ժ٣ӶЩ
ӦˣӴʱѾѣʵūͳȥˣԸ𣿡
ûˣȥءԸ
ӳ֮󣬴˸ʴչ࣬ͷʵ֪ԺǼ˶뿪
£Ƥʡ
ϸϸ룬ҡͷūֻ֪ӶԴԺһֱĴ治ʸ֦
뿪ɴ֦һڿȣҲδҪߣΪξȻ
裬ҲǸʵˣū澾ţǸĳĶɲһ·ġ
ЦЦֵ˵㴾ĶͷǲסǵãǰԺЩæȥ׼ЩƷ
ū澼ǵðΪū澻ҳҪ˲ٵҶŴ׺Сءͷ
õǳԲ꣬ͷ͵ԺˣдԲ˵ùֹ˺üΣҽղ£¹նҲΪ˴ʱ
˵֦ǰЩٳǰսӵĻᣬ¸ŷСˣҹ֮ڸкһӼΣ˵Ķǻһ¡
ټϴ֦ҲȷʵͣˣҺβ˳ˮأ
Ǹ裬˵Ӳһ·ˣ˵ͣ£򴾶ʵ
һԿͣԺеۻӲ͵ˣ˵ָʲôãܲ˺ݶ֮°ɣҡͷ
ЦЦȷʵӣҲģҲȥߵׯӣĻ
˵˴ȻЦһֺ
ʲôԲ𣿡ȻͲǳɴʱҲЩԡ
ͷһۣʵ֪Ϊζ⼸˵ָƣ
ӽȥǣԣǼӽҲæĺܣʱʱ̶⼸˵٣ҡҡͷɫ˵
ԣЦŷСԼڣԺ︺ɨĴϲСùԺŵ⼸䶼Ǵʹˣȴʵϵĺء
һȻĵͷԭˣЩͨ籨ţֲùϢͨ
ūо仰֪
˵
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⻰ûдڴµİĪСȷʵһƱЩĿ٣㹻ָͨˣҹ
ȻЩ˵ӺʹεˣҲҪοǣ³
˲ֹأֶҲǸĪ⣬ټΪ볯͢أ˵йصܸˡ
»ٵĻˡ
ƻʱ֣ӴҴһظϢȴЩ⡣
С˵£Ҫʮ֮۷棿ӵĻɫ΢
Сۿָġ¡᲻³йأ
ʮܼ֮棬¶ǲС
ѲɣȻ뿪Ϋ֮󣬳ʲô£
΢΢üСȥһ˶ߵׯӣǲˡ
ʱˡʱ˽϶ḷ̌żСˡ
ӣͷʵӣһˡ
ӱ⻰һȥ
ߵׯӡ赭˵
Լæеḷ̌ҡͷʹá˵֮˿ӣ˵⼸ոŻصļϣҹѲߵļҶ˺üء
ձҪȥʱˡӣޱȼᶨ
봾һۣЩԥջˣūķԸ
˵ͷ˵ã׼ǽҹȥׯϺúõһ⡣                        
ߣºԵСɰǣվɷϡ

 25 

ҹʱָ֣˨֮ǰһ̣Ѿ߷̵ӽеһС˿СԼڵ
Լڿ˿վźɫͷñŮӣС˵֦ҪЩСʱ֮Ҫˡ
ͷñŮӲֻ֨˵ͷߵĴǰ˵Լڸģ㴺֦ҹùһ֮Ͼͻء
Լ˴һ硱ͷ΢֣ͷ˵˵ȥؾͺá
˵ţƿһ϶
ñŮ봾ϲҴҵĽ˽ȥһȵͣС
Ƿ˴ñŮӽ˳ᣬŻԳ˵Ҫ졣
ӦһּųС·ߵĳȥˣصУа˿
ñŮĽñȡ£¶һδʩȴǵӡ
裬Сǵǡ
谲οţѾͶׯǮкǼӼ̾ͻء
ҹɫããֱ˶ţɫӰӴīӰ
Ϊ׵һȥķ򣬶˵Ը˸ϣ˵֮⼸˱ٴʧޱߵҹɫ֮Уȡ
ָڳǶׯλڳǶʮ⣬ĵΫ֮µĵһҵ
ׯ˿ڲ࣬д󲿷˽ԿΪط󣬹ʴÿϽɵǮ̫ࡣ
ģΫվãðĲҵҲߵ⴦ׯҲͽİׯԭҲ߰˰ˣֻЩ͵ڴš
֪ʲôʱׯӽĴ÷˵ĵطǷ˴ˣѾҲãС˹Ҳգᱻ͵ܷ
͵ˣûһܹųȥģֹˣаŵĺݶֶΣ˵
ʴˣׯӶָ˵ͬ˼Ĵڣ˶̸֮֮صսľ
վںڰеׯǰƤƳһǰյǻҳĵ򴽡
ԸǰߵţǰȴֳһµӰ
һŵüг
ӰĶ죬˲ڴĺ󾱴һУ˳һ̱
ֻӰ̱ס壬С˵Ī£
һвգۼĹбһźɫ۽ɨܰӰ׿׿б֪ڴ˴ĺԶֹǰŮӡ
ѾŮӵʱƶνǼΪ
û˵ԸǺŮֱߵȥɫȻдʱȴתͷ
Ů߽ԣĽ˵ϣŻ÷˵ţϵȡ¡
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迴Ŀʵǵ˳ʲô£
÷һ£Ȼû뵽迪ʵĵһ仰й˵ġ
ȻЩԥƬ֮Ŵϻۣҹ뿪֮·̵̫Ϯ񡭡䲻
䲻
⼸һ˼Ǿǣ֪
̵̫ıԤеø죬Ҳݡƾ³ıֶΣܲø³
üĵǱʵƲסеĵǣ³ſӣ˫ҹĻĺɫģȴɬ֮С
Ĭ÷˵ﻹǻȥɣ̫ңóȻίʵ̫ðա
£һӻ֮ܿǰǷ֪顣
һȥѡĸʹӣš
˵֮÷ԥĴūס
˵ͷתͷҲصĶ÷˵ϢЩҡ
÷ʱȻ˴ĬĬĸ󣬴ǣ
ת˷ߵĳȥˣ÷վڵׯǰʧУ૵ŮˣĪ㣬԰ˡ
ǡôˣոս˳ţƵ˹۵Ĳɴ۾衣
谲οƵĶЦЦû£һлȥ˵
ŵԼڹȻԭأ˳Ľ븮ţżҶѲӵĿյĵĻصסСԺһжеø˳
ŵʱЩδʡ
ѣԸӺʹȥϢԼڴϣշתࡣ
֮ðճţҪĿľΪҪ֤ʵԼеĲ²⣬Ȼ÷Ŀе֪³ĳˣ
ǣ֮ǰΫһֱƽ˾̸̫ټ
Ϊ̫ȴܹĵƤ£֪Ĳ߻Ҫռô飿
³ڽƻƻ֮󣬾뿪ʱ˴ģķ
ҲΫݲƽǰӿ
³˳
γƽʡףΪ֮£Ͽô
¥
ȻָоһڰޱȾ޴ȻΫݵϷչ

ѾѾˡƻʮ֣ƿ߽˵
ôլ֪һҲ¼һ͹ȥͷ
ǣūȥ졣
⣬иѩѾ˵󡣡Ӵ˵
ţɡ˵
ʱӱ˸ŵɫѵѾ߽ãƬ̣Ըӣȥæɡ
뿪֮ǸѩѾ߲Ź÷
躬ЦȻ㡣
µˡ÷ͷȻ֮ǰ÷ȫͬ
ʮģԲԲգԺڵƤһ˫ϸǺ֮ǰ÷İӰӡ
÷ѩ֣Ҳϵó˵ͷϸϸĴһ޵𣿵
÷ǫЦСѣˡ
ԺǺѩˣ߽źӺʹģҶǻġ
˵ѩѩףū澴⼸˹Ҳš
ţҹʳЩʲôüʵ
ѩüҡͷūЩֶΣֻ½ָɵԺмӹһһ
ְĺôǰЩӦϷ˸Ȩ˽˹ףȴû뵽˽ԺбȻʧˡ
²ֻð½Ա½ӰзԸ°һܹҲֻ
ĪСȷʵ֪顣
˵ѩԥûټȥ迴һۣлֱ˵
ѩü˵ūΪҪʳʵӦ½ߵǸµ衣
½Ӽ޹ģҲͬڵı㣬εҲŴɼ֪鲻١
˵ͷ֮ǰĲ²Ⲣ޶£ֻӶĪСһ֪⻹Щʧ
ӡ
ģū澲δº󻼡
ܺáĵ˵ͷ
׵ûйϵ½ӺᣬĴεĺյأˣģ
ĪСշֻҪģҵЩ˿
ʱԩͷծ˭µϣҪֻУ
ʱմҴҶƽ֮ǰΫݣڸ½ӸæͣɸеĲ볤ƽķ˴ûȡ
⼸գܰڲϵķޣһζӼ˵Ҳ档
ǲԸȥӦ꣬ҲǵĸܳŮȥǲȥû⡣
ΨһЩĵǣʮѹȥȴû³Ϣʱ룬ûϢҲõϢ
˵Ҳ֣֮ǰǰͲһЩȴãˣҲЩϧ
գڰٰĵԺѼ³ȴѩҴҵɫǸĲ԰ס
ˡ˵ţͳء
ķ·ʲôݺݵһʵǡϢˣ
ѩҡͷǣǡū澸ոյϢƽҪΪĳСүѦףСүеǹ㣡                        
ߣСɰһҪ׷ȥ˾ÿһºΪԵСɰϺص㣺ÿһºԶܵõϣСɰǾԲģצӡ

 26 

΢üʵ˵ѦҵǸСүҪȢң
ѩüĽ, ͷ, ѦСү˵ǶԹһģȻ볤ƽ׵, һվҪˡ
һģ
⼸ŶδһǴδλСү, һǴӺζ
Ϣȷʵ𣿡ʵ
ѩصĵ˵ͷȷʵ
Ȼѩ˵, ǱȻڳƽ߰˿ɿϸ, ϢҲǰ˳
Сү, 𽵹Ȣ֪Ůҳƽ˾Ȼ, бйŹ֡
ҪôźãѩĬ, ɵЩļ
ܰĻ, ½Ǳ߳ﱸˣ賶˳, ʵ
ѩһ, ʵѾˣֻȳƽˡ
Ŷ, ȥѦ⼸յ٣Ҫһ档˵
䲻֪дʲô⣬ϲ̫ɫҲδţѩвɵĴ䲻
ɴ, ҵҲƽ˲٣ūȥ졣״
УƽҪСүȢ£ҺúõĴĶȥϲҲ֪ǡ豭һڲˮ
ǣѩȥˡһźߵĸǰʵ⡢Ǻã
ĿһۣЦĪţƸһղ͵½ӵϣ±㻹תء
һŵⶼʲôʱˣôЦó
Сүӣⲻ˶ŵĺΪҪЦ
СүĿɲһˣ˶֪飬Ҫļ޸ǡҪ
˵᲻ɵۿתʵ˵
ҪϸȥѸ˵
ﶼףػżĪҪȥ޸ǲӣ죬յ˵
ģ㲻ٶӣʲôʱ˵Ҫ޸Сүˣģ¡
棿Ӳ޵ǵʵ
˵ʱˣ˵
ΪЦ跽˵ȵúܣȥЩӸңǵҪЩźá
Ӧȥˣ贽ߵЦȴȥ£˵ɣףף˵൱ðա
ԼеǸƻǷܹɹҲûȫİգʱ˺ȱһɣֻһһˡ

£ѾûԼԺˣԭ˫侫Ĵȴ㲡
⴦ԺĵΪϸѡģֹطõûʧ£סǶůʮֵ泩
ٿգô˴ޱ䣬ֻǴһ̣׹ߡ
ԴӶձĪٳֻ֮Ǳһҹδʲô裬װ׵֪ԼһǾˡ
ףһж½ӵֶΣȴûа취ΪԼֱ棬ΪΪ۰ĸģԴµļĬ˲ף˵벻˵ʲôͬ
۰磬УһЦѣ;ǰõҲǲֵһᡣ
ָٴȥ»һǳµ࣬Զա
ɽʱյѽȣﻹף뿪̸ָף
ۼܰѦҹӵȻüĿǺ޵ѪΣ
ͷǽЪЪɡѾ߱˵
ĿһۣԴԺ˶Ĵˣ˺ô½͹ЩѾӣԵ˼븮
䲻󣬿ȴǶ£ڴ̽Ϣʮֵó֮ǰڶҪĶ࣬Ǹˡ
޷Ǳ߿ʲôϢӹݹĲˮ͵һڣʵ
ͷȥǱߵûʲô
ЩֹģüʲôϢ
дԣƺƽ⼸ҪΪСүĻ¹̸ū澻˵Сүǡ
ɫŵӣûм˵ȥ
˵ʵСү׿˭۽Ƕ˶ʵ
˵ǡͷϸá
ʲô˵ƽСү裿һеĲ豭˳Ʒ˵ϡ
ž豭ǰʯذˤ˸顣
ĪūҲֻ˵ѣҲ˵æ£˵
ЦѨδ벻һŮҲлϺЦ
͵͵̧ۣϾǳ֮ɫŵ˵˭֪СүСӾͲãū˵䲻Ļ޹ȥܹ֮Ҳδ֪ء
Ƴһۣ㶮ʲôСүûмտɻ޹ȥ֮һСү˺ھˣδүĸף
СүӲãɺү˵ӹȴõúأСүһк˵ǻѡѦҶӣǻѡԼҵѪ
һ㶣ƶǶ˵չ⻰Ƿ֦ͷˣ
⻰˵⣬ȴġ
ˣ
ôĿǸһֱڽµŮźĻһɳ죿
鷢
ҪԶͷϣԼǰԶϥһֻµϣҪɫ
ҧ裬ûǺ
˵꣬ĿڵϵıʵƽնΣ
ǲΪκȻдһʣʵūȻǼõġ
ãˣҽ˺ȥҲز㡣
˵˶٣˼Ƭ̽˵ȥúô̽һ£СүΪλῴ裬ԽϸԽãҪʹӵĵطȥֻҪϢɿͺá
ūˡͷӦ
ĵ˵ͷǰԺ䣬ü֮һ˿
˵ҲĻᣡ
ƴϺҸҲһҪķΪʤ
֮ѵõ΢һɨǰȣϰϰѵôһĺ˳˽
գѦ߳ӣҲλѦҹԼżӡ
վھԶɽϣĿмƥ׳㷭ܵʮ֡
һƽأڽһһӣսҲǼ伤ң֮䣬˫۳ңʾס
ֻǣԴ˲⡣
þδӵ֪Լȵˡ
תȥѦչһЦѦӣþδ
ѦһżĵЦңΪ֮һϡ
յŵɫĺīڵķ˿ȫͷֻһˮɫӹ̶ϷδʩȴƫƫŮӸһ˿ѵζʮֵˡ
չһЦ䣬ķǹǣһʱ֮˵
ѦӣΪβ˵ǰһЦʡ
ѦŻعæδӿɻã
ԣɫһãлѦӹġ
Ȼ֮ɫѦæʵʲô£
ĵĿһۣѦӼҪҼҶ㶨ˣ                        
ߣСɰһҪ׷ȥ˾ÿһºͺԵСɰǣص㣺ֻҪԣÿ¶õһллСɰǵ֧֣˾ǧ顣

 27 

Ѧȥ, ֻǵͷ˵֪ˡ
ĸ״˷Ϋʡ, ȷ⽫ҵĻ¶£ҵ⡢ҶԶﲢûԵ˼, ֪ġ
ͷѦһΪѣЦ, ȴ˵ס
ԣѦһ, ǰһ׷ʵﵱף
Թ, лŮ޽Ǹĸ֮, ý֮ԣ赱Ȼ׹ӵѴ
֪ΪŮ, ܰڹӵߣ֮ǰԹӺ䵭, ӻѶ, ȻΪӻϲ, ˽ټһ, ȨһԸɡ
ⷬѹ, ģټⲻȥѦ۾Եó
裬ѦȻԼǰһҪץס, ȴɵĶ㿪
裬㣬ѵ㻹ҵ𣿡Ѧ˵
ѦԼ֣αģһģסеĲͣͷȻ׵ģ񡭡
˵ţ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ֹģѦǽ裬⵽ôˣ
ĬŲ˵˵ģ֮ȻŸٵָȥ˵ػȢҵġ
ң
һЦѦν֮
ȢңǸĶƵģ˵׻ǿŮݣо᲻泤ƽʧǰ̰ˡ
˵ʲô⣬Цˡ
˵лӵĺ⣬ɴվɵġ
ģִҸһ򽻺ãȢΪΪ檣ҵĳȻϲز
ѦһԵаЦ޶ۣ漴ҡͷѦѵ֪ƽ˼ҪҼΪСүף
Ҹ磿ʲôףѵ˵㲻ɣԣѦﲻѣЩ
ĵ˵ͷСĪǣ¹Ӿ֪
Ȼ֪Ѧ
֮ǰΪ粻˲壬۳ͶٵΫϼңֻΪʡ׼û뾹׼Ȣײɣ
²ֹǴĸ״δἰҲδ͸¶һ˿ڷ磬ѵ˵Ȼã׼Ȣӣ
ԡ
⼸ദֻս棬˿δתļÿôĲƷţŶȥء
˵ΫϼҵĸжĶĿв޲ӵù۾
ѦӣԼҲûˣܹȢӣⲻǴҪ˼ҹһ𣿶ϵľԼ֮ˣ
Ѧ뵽˴ɫҲ
ǰвļ϶Сүڻ԰żȻһ棬һ֪Ѧӵʱң
ԣѦһϸϸĳ˼Ƭ̣Ҽǵղᵽһʱ򣬴˵Щƣұ԰ȥߡ
ߵߵʱü³統ʱվãŮǺˡ
˵ָҲûСһ֮뿪ˡ
ʱҲδκεĲף벻żȢΪ޵˼֪ˣá
˵˴סûڲѵĶ˶š
װȵġסһʵӿȷ·ǰĲգ
ǰǳᡣѦնĴ
΢Уװɻҡͷǲ԰ǼҸ岻ʣüնδԺţҪ˵ȥ԰ˡ
ϵСžرо룬Īǡϴ˲ɣ
ѦһѾãֻһӰҲϳվԶԼϴ
Ѧ¶ɣʵСùõĳΪƣ˵յЩǱȥء
԰գü΢ЦӣǽСùϴҲ˵ء
ѦƬ̣΢ǺЦģֻ·һ㣬ֱߵ
һ뵽˼ΪŮˣҲĴɩˣԼ޿ܡ
뵽˴ѦֻŭʮֵĲʡ
˼Ѧԥſ˵
˼ѶЦӣСù۷òʤٱСүϵ֮ˣСùɣΪأ
ƺ⽫ƵϣЩףۼǵ˶ͶǲĻвɵʮּޡ
佫˵ø磬ǻ罫ʹ˵Ҳ»תҲ˵š
ǣѦҧҧɫ˵տˣϳ裬ǺͿͿ
޸ǰĴ磬罫ƳȥŮҲʧڣ֮Ҳǰ䡣
븸׺ú˵˵һ֮ѰᶨȢΪ檣ʱȫ
ھͻظŪ˴ԵܵܵˡѦһ˵
Ǽ͵ģ˼գգӣ˵Ѧӣ赹Ǿô»СүԼֲźá
ֱԲ䣬СүΪ˽أѦΪأ
ԣѦһ㶣ոȷʵ̫ļδ뵽㣬һ˵ඥͷҲðһϸܵ亹
ĸ׶¼ɣϸ׶谮Ҫӣĸķֱӽ¸֪磬ؽģЩ˴¡
˼ȫѦ㬵˵
賶˳ǣüۣЦ˵Ҳ򵥣ֻ蹫ѰͷСүٹһˣʱȻСùóʱСүСùãԻס
˷ĿУԣѦ
ȻֶЩ񣬿òʤһ䲡ţɱϾԶԶļһ棬Ҳڽ˴ϰ
ӷģʱһжۡ赭һЦ˵
ɫƶѦ仹ǣȴ˵ҲãǲͶںָ԰߼
ͷá
裬׮µԲҷ㶨ҪңһأҶȥָסѦƣһһ˵
费ЦһǣãһΪ
ǱѦԳֽɡɽ£ѩ״ӭֻֽӹϵֽɡΪסˮʵˣ
бһۣЦˡ
ѩһЦϡ
ϵɽµ복֮ǰʶ̧ɽȥѦӰɴɽճյڵķƾƽ󣬾ûȥ˼
ѩ˳ȥС벻ѦҹӾ˳ģ
΢УΪģΪɫ԰ˡ˵ţת복֮С
ѩһҲ֮˽ȥӷ£סΡ                        
ߣСɰһҪ׷ȥ˾ÿһºͺԵСɰǣص㣺ֻҪԣÿ¶õһллСɰǵ֧֣˾ǧ顣

 28 

˵СүҪ˱̽Ϣв豭, üʵ
ͷ, ū澽ӷеĴΪãСүѾ, ˵ѦҶһͬ
ãõĺء˳, ˫һ˿⡣
˶٣ʵ֮ǰ̽, üĿˣ
ŵҡҡͷ, , Ϣū澴̽ãȴǲʵ, ֲ١
޷˵˵Ƴһ, ˵
ĬƬ̷ſ˵, Сүǰչμ½ӵĲʱڻ԰й, ڳһ档
Ҳ˵, Сүֻһ棿΢
ɵĵ˵ͷ, ˵ʱСүվڳСϣﵱʱڳߵ¡
˵֮ŰСүִδ裬ε֪ĵϸü
Ŷ, ΪʱѦҶСүߣūĥţӦѦҶϳɣ
ⷬԵͷһˡ
ȥ·ĶһƽϲѣǵãĪҪ˷֡
Ƭ֮һᣬ˵
һʵҪʲô
ЦģֻҪĹΪҰ£ȥ
˵ţһӣ͵˱ϣţԺԵĺô
ܳɴ˵ū澲Ҫصӡ
¶̰뾪ȣ򴽽ǣЦҸ㣬ţֻǵһ㣬ǰúãԺٲ˺ö㡣
ϲʤεץУūлū澶ᾡľΪ¡
ãõĺܡϵĲˮһڣǲȻЩˣɴʱȴȵļð
ܷ㿴һˡ
ϸ˼С죬յ糿ͣ͸мķ϶ð˳ɫĹâڵϣ䳱ʪĿҲĺ濾¶˼ů⡣
𴲵ʱѾŵʱ򣬺֪̰˯ţһֱС¯ţСҲЩʵ
ױʱҪƽղͬ
ȷҪЩһΪͷһʵ
ͷԽԽãױҲҪŨЩ֮Ҫƽʱװȫ෴
ʱ˽϶Ÿľʵ̣ĹﲻҪЩūȡˡ
˵ţƿϵĸǲ¶˲һõɫѡ
ֻΪ˵ѿʽʱ˵ɫ˵ɫĹﶼģҪʲô
бһۣЦȻġ
գգ۾ɵ
ȷһ˫֣ľװ£ʱ֮ƽʱģֱ
Ũױס״ɰϸļɫױ͸һƬӰ֮£Եûǲ塣
֬͸һԭĴҲͿŨصõɫԭСϳĵĴС˼֡
Ҫ˵Ƿ׸ķ٣ֱѩϼ˪

ҲҪ
СүͶӹˡѩʱոճԹš
Ŷʲôüʵ
ѩЦһλɼأľʹһУֻСүϹ
ãôҲǹֶһǸȥľһ̡ɫ΢䣬˵
ѩɫ䣬ֻǴ״ū澹ͬȥ

磬ָĻ԰ûǸеĿִȻҲĵģ䵹ҲĿĺءѦ߱˵
ȣѦȴ²ߡ
ܣҲʱˣִ˺͸׾õȾͲˡ
ȿȣȿȡ˵֮Ѧһԡ
ԿһǷģѦЦȴ˵ҲãǾͻȥɡ
ָĵ·ΪϤѦƹ֮ǰԼĵط
ѦװЪϢģ΢΢פ㣬ԶԶıѾߵһλŮӣŴ羹貢޶¡
Ѧһ㶵ģ룺ĪҪ׼Ѧһ棿Ǻε
뵽˴ĲЩĳɡ
ܣ·ոƺ߹Ƿ񡭡ѦǰЩϤľ£ʵ
δ˵꣬ȴԶ£һŮԡ
ѦͣסŲ΢
˵ѦæȥͼµĹĸȶఴˣ轿СȥԶ
ϸŮӵüݣȻ
Ѧϸ룬æǰɣ˹
ŵߵǰʩʩȻѦӡ
԰գѦ΢΢һʵ֪λǣ
ԭղԶԶţΪءѦĿһۣ˵
Ů˹ȻĻֶΡԼ棬㿴ۡ
ѦҲһϸϸֻϿȥǴ磬Ϧ´΢ƺʲôͬ
ϸĹƺΪС磬次
ǵգҲ⴦ߣվϣ߿ȥ£ҡһȡ
΢紵֦ϸ̵֦ҶӹľӣǵͷǳЦģ˲ģ˺ٻ絶̸ͷҲ
ӶѦĿе֪Ůָδ裬ֻǸŮݵλƥ䣬̲סȥĸףҪȢΪԼҷˡ
ĪǶϴˣ
˶裬ǰλȫշ˽ɫ
ѦȻɻʱҲûţ͵۴ǰλ˵еСү
ֻɫƣݣȻǾòδòѦȣȴ
뵽ܿҪһȻ㲻ʡ
ûѡء
λҴ磬СүѦѦЦ˵԰գбһ۴ʱɫɵѦЦѡ
磬λִ˵ӡ
Ѧ˵ֹ꣬ʵǰյĲôδϯ
˫΢˵ǰ屧δǰԺȥÿҲֻʱֲŻر
ŶﾭرС𣿡һֱδѦȻʵ
ԣᳶǣСүĻϲϵãʴϾʱ
ԣѦʧʱ˵˵أȣƽ̫ɽǲϳ߶ģôˣԭǡ
˵ĶסЦŽ⳶ӿǴˣ
ͷȻˣлѦӹһ
ʱҲˣͲСүѦӵˣǡ΢΢Ƿ̬򷽵
ѦĴˣѦߡ
ֱȶ˵ıӰʧڻźѦǾþûز
ѦԹۣװɻ󣬵һĽģȻѱûǡ
СүҪˡ
ӲãƽȷʵٳţϾǺСүĪ˵Щݺݺ࣬Ǿ֮Щ֮ŮҲ١
ôͻǶһģֶߵأ
Ѧ뵽˴ƺЩԣһʱ֮˵嵽ﲻԡ
ѦʱȻջ⣬ֻ˵Ǹ֡
磬㿴̫ҪɽˣҲûȥ˰ɣѦʵ
ѦƳһۣҲá
ӻ԰ȥǰٻǱؾ֮·
贩һõɫѣվһ̾ԣԶԶѦֵҵĵأЩù
⣬æʳܵǰˡ
̽ͷʳɨһۣŭѾͷ֮ǰԸҪ¥ĵģ㾹ЩʳŪң
ܴȻѦע⡣
ǡѦǰȻõɫѣͫױ̲סݺһ                        
ߣСɰһҪ׷ȥ˾ÿһºͺԵСɰǣص㣺ֻҪԣÿ¶õһллСɰǵ֧֣˾ǧ顣

 29 

ѦҸ磬ôչҲ֪һװģ, Ѧк, ƽﵭȻӼֱˡ
ѦһʱʧűӡΡʱ, ɴ۾ƺǰŮӾ˶
轫дɫһ˿俴, һɤʵѦҸ, λ˭
ѦʱȻҲ, ֻŮ沿м, ʵײͣٿϵǶ֬, ʵЩۡ
λҴ, СүѦѦò׻ع, ˵
Ĵͷǰ, Ц˵ԭСү, ˡ
Ѧ̲סЩ˵ҲԵЩ, ֮ǰȽϣȫͬն
ŮŮȲôҹģ
ǽ޳жϣҲײּͣò֪ŹŮ, ǸЦѡ
Ѧ˵һ䣬ֻǲͷĻ˻֣ȫ
ĽλСүϵĲͺе۵ףǶѦչЦѦҸ磬㿴̾Σ˵ϱߵƷ֣Ҫϰһء
Ѧ𻰣ƲҳȴûʲôرģɫڲͬЩҪһȥ
ѦЩεЦЦ̾ǳƽǰ͵ָģִ˰ϧĲˣֹרڰٻȱٳһط߼Ƹ˻Ĵ
̾ǈҹǳƽҲֻʮѣλΫݼ棬ǽеһ붼͸ִˡ
񡭡ȴ˵˲Ҳ֪ļʶǳǹˣ
ѦЩ׼˼ֻЦ֪̾ǈҹϡ
üЩмġסһֹҹСƫƫЩпõĻǿЦ
䣬ѦȻ˵ܣ׺ִ˻ǰҲٹȥǡ
ѦԵ˵ͷȸˡ˵ţѦѲͷǰȥ
״һת˵ѦҸ磬ò׹һˣҪߣ
üŵıϵķ۶һ͵ֱ
Ѧ֮ǰģҲģŵòᣬʶĺʵǲø׺ִ˾õȣ
ʱѦҲͣ˽ŲĬĬĿŲԶѦ˵ӣԭ԰׵ϽһƬ˪
̸ӿϸ֮£ײ͵ŮƺԶΪЩ⣬ԴӼ֮һ̶ûдӶܵŲ
ָ
ܼȻսϴ
Īǣǹģ
ΪռĪȢ޼ʶֱᷳŮȥӡ
գúСүΪ˵Ц
ƽĶӣ춨ڸĿеĵλõЩȨϿɣ
Լϵ㣬Ѧ˼ǹ
Գӱ㲻ãиСүͷȴӲϲĸһάס
۶Ѧʴϻۣʱĸ׼ơ
׶ӵϲÿÿԱкγޣ
ʲôӣ
ĸΪЩҽе̫ҽҲͷĵȥΪΣȴܲɫ
Щÿ£Ծѵ˸Ȣ׵ͣΪƽСүЩŹȴҲԸŮ
Ƕӣֹãܻܲ̳гƽľλգδ֪
Ƚ֮£˽ѹ˶Ѧϡ
ͬθרŽʡ׵ΫΪףõ֤
֮и̸ڣвͻȨȨƵ֮УѦδˣȴѱڶȨϣҲǲʵ
֮ԻΪѡĵĵŮΪΫ֪ķ½ӵĵĸǺԺ£Щʥ衣
½ӵĸҲѾǻɣλƷϥŮһӣŮո빬ͱ˹ˣŮ޹ھǣֹУС仹δμӿƿҲǴϻ۹ˡ
ļҲѹֻᱻ׿ء
أ
ΪӻδȢףΪܵܵѦȶ˻±ϣ˳ȥػ˳Ц
ԣײŻͬУҪڸ֮ܵܶǰΪ»¡
գָĳżȻΪò㵹ܵ˵ָ
룬Ůû½ҵǴʱȢ϶ܰףҲϼףӦòѡ
Ϊˣȥĸס
ԭĸײԸСүȢһ֪Ůڿధ֮£ĸײǿӦ
Цǣգϲ̵Ĵĸ׼ýˣ׼ҸƵǰء
ĳ룬νָﾹģеľĵ
еһУԴѦ赭дһ仰ѣ
ЩͷѦԺתתȥΪŨīɫԹޣע뵽С
Ŀ˵Ѧһ񶾵ͷӲݰӿ˲ռȫ
ʱԴ˺޲Ѧ첽ǸЦ磬߰ɡ
ѦĿһۣ֮ǰ˼ȫڵʹ˫Уá˵
԰գĻɲȥ裬ֻվԭأѦңǽģֱ
ҲȢŮΪޣ

迴Ѧֵ˵ıӰǰʧЦŶվĴ˵ߣؼȥ
ʳУԥʵͿˣ
ûСүһĥţҪǼ»³ء
⻰ŵһ㶣ϸϸ˿üʵģҲûж㰡
迴һģʮֵĿɰ̲סЦҵСѵûһ仰ǰ𣿡
ҡͷ⻰ū澲
򵥵˵СүϲģԶԶԶĹָомŹâ鱦貶Ŀ
ʱ֮ǰе࣬ɵ񣬾â΢Ҳ̫ʧ
ɵҵһ̣ԭʵ鱦˻ްֵǮļٻͻޱʧٿǼٻһۣ
ԣƶǶĵ˵ͷôһУΪСүʧ𣿡
赭һЦŽʹҹɫţֻ૵ģֹҪʧôأ

ƽѦլŨصҹɫ֮Уȴǵƻͨ
˴սƵɫúŽߵ˿Ŵղ֦ͼӳʣˡ
˵ʲô㿴еǸŮӲּҵĵãüһʵ
Լĸ׶Ѧҧһʱ죬˶ܵȦף
ԣ΢ЦѦˣȻһޣʹЩĵֶΣͳͳϲ̨Ķ
ţ˵ȻûŹϸϸǼ޸ƽֱ꣬׷ھҲûκεĸı䡣
ԼĪʮµͣҲû̫ĺۼϡԿʱεģü͸ȴ˵ƽЩ̱֮ɫ
ĸף׮ָΣѦʵ
Ƴһۣҡͷԣּҵﵱ˲ĻȻǲܳɵġ
οδѦ׽˲֪ܵŮӣӣ
һ˵ѦǺȻʲôֻҧ˵ܹȻƣǧټƵҪȢһŮĪ롢롭
ԣҲĳ˳ǣֻ£Ǹȷʵó
ҿҶûеָ֮ǰͽ˴£һƸڻ¾ûôˡһҵ˵
ĸףѾȷڻ԰߼ŮӾִ˵ҪּѡŮӳɻ飬ǶӱֻҪ
˼Ѧ˵նٿ԰ҺѪɫ뵽ӳزЩǱʹĥ㲣бһ
ãϲŮӣĸΪȢǡº͵ЦЦͷ
ĸ״ӦѦȻϲʤлĸ׳ȫ
ЦЦ΢΢ͷ˲䣬üȴ
˵ףɰȴǼѡ
ĵãݲֹŮ߳˲٣ָĵŮҪЩ
ĹԹԵĽü޹ֻҪЩѵֶβС
˳ģԸѾȡīֽ⣬ʼ飬װ̽ŷУԼ˽ӡŷԸ죬͵ҸУһҪ죡
ѾȡŷӦȥˣԵһҹɫüʵүĻδ
ط˵ĻүԼִ¥ţʴ˻δظſŵС˹Ĵ
ššüģ˼Ƭ̣֮ˡ                        
ߣСɰǣдһҪ׷ȥص㣺ÿºԶкϣСɰǾԲġллСɰǵ֧֣˾ǧ顣

 30 

ոմӸûģٷδüͱ½뵽
һ, ͼ½Ų, ˫ǰϵĽţһصģ
Լʧͳ, ĳߵ輸, Ƥʵżҹ׳ʲô£
½ָıǼ, , ô, 㾹Ȼң
ĲΪԼ˱ˮƵĽˮ͵һ, ֲ˵֪
, , ƽ˽, ˵֮Ҫˣ½ߵ, 
ƽҪףⲻ˵¶ʲôֵ˴СеģĲͷİеĲ豭һš
½ĵһ, ҪѦҶףҪԼӣСүѦףҪȢã
ʲô˵СүҪȢ˭һæķʵ
ã˵ǲ£½ӵ˵ͷ
ĳƬ, ȻЦðȷʵĺ£
½һЩ˼Ŀģ૵ˣʲôĪҪŻ²ɣ
ܼ޸СүΪƽδĺˣ˵ĺ£ΪֳȻǻϲأΪβʣЦ
½Ӿȵ˵Ŀǰģ·ڿһ״μİˡ
ˣСүһ򲻺ãҲᵽͻûȢޣͲü޹ȥ֮иһ
һӣˡû½ӽ˵꣬ı㿪ڽĻϡ
СүȻЩϾǺүĵճӣȢ֮ˣҲδ޷Ȭ
ĸ֣Ҳָϲ£ֵֶͬܶˣѵõļѻء
ĵĻ½ӵɫ˲лЩԥɼƺѾϿ£һᣬ˵ˣǵү֪˶ʱǵ¶ҵ𰡡
Цüˣʱ˺£ô֪أ
㡢㡭½Ҳû뵽Ļᵱǰ˵Ļһʱ֮侹֪ӦԲźá
һ뵽ԼŮò׼ȴ·ɱŮɩɩͬһ£Ҫѹһͷ
ָô꣬ѾܹСӵĪԼŮ޳ȥ֮󣬻ҪǼӵɣ
֮ǰѾΪŮﻮһУǰ׷
½ȻģԲŻϣģԭΪ۰֮ǰСΪ类ٵʧڣҲĳԼΨһü޸֪վһغĲӡ
ĵ̬ȴɸ½ӭͷһûзԣϧðƽҲҪ
½ֻһתĴʱȴվʱһ䣺׼ױ¾ͷˡ
ͷҲص߳ã½ӵϣ˫üЦŵӣҵƤӵˣֶΣðǺõĺء
γԸʹ˳ȫɺǱߴԼҪСү£ֻгӵĻ¶֮󣬲ŻᰴչΪѦס
Ҫ˵Ķ׮µ̬ȣҲ˵ֻȳȫ˳˳ļ
½Ҳû뵽ⷬ龰ɽʱȴѾ졣
Ͼ񱻺˿ϣʱȲҪ˵ᱻĿ»ѦҶε׵ĴԵ
Ī˵Сүӹǲ޹ȥҲûмӿɹ˵½Ե衣
½̾˿ҡͷұϲ³Դּӽհؼĺܣ˿ӡ
һ½ӽǰֹ˼䣬½һ̧˵ⷨӺãҵ˼
˵Ͼūųģܲܽ޹ȥҪǼӵ۸
½ס֣м˵Ҵ½Ҽ޹׽ˣҲֻߣİ̤ʵЩ
˵ͷ䣬ֻ˵Ӿܷſģūһº󻼡
仰½ӲչյڣȻġ

ԺĻ£봾źң֪һС룬̲סҰ࣬Ҫʲôã
֣һ֥ЩءЦ˵
üū澼ǵãϲԺҵģʱƢԣ
ЦĻδ𻰣ͼѩ´ҴҵĴԺԴ˵ҿڿˣȥһջ
ӦȥˣϲĺƤüʵˣ
ѩǰƽѾԹףƸʱѾ͵˸ϡ
ĶǱĻҪЩɫݣָ԰Сүһ̣Խ֮¾Ѿ
ѩЦ׮һ£ӿ¾Ͳôùˡ
⸮ҹµ̫ˣֹһԴĳ˳ǣ˵
ѩȻе˼𿪿ʵ
赭һЦ˿õĺʣģҾʲôʱҲƴȥġ
ָ볤ƽΪ׵Ϣǳ˳򣬲һյĹʹ˾֪
˶˵ּҵŮøֶܹһֱ͵Եݡ
о֮йķԷǾǲ׺һڣշʲô˻
ҲòĵⷬΪΪΨһܹ˳Ǿľ
½ӺܰǱҲûôùˣСүǺ˳ĵճӣѦĴ磬Ҳζųɻ֮ݱ֣֮ܰϡ
Ƹ˳׵ӣͿ˳ƽһˣָǻָƽֻ˵ǡϵƽ
ЩǣγƽؾĵĽѦȥ˵ǼҪﱸҪ׼ƾ٣Ȩ֮£סھǵĺȽϷ㡣
ڸ˼имƽϡ
æµĵ½ӣҪ׼ݼױҪʱϸڣæüǽŲմء
λ׼ʼ㲻ӣܰȻΪҪ½׼ױְŵŮ֮ǰݹأŲ
·һ³˸͸ƵģױһƵ½ӵϣԼ򰲾µĺ棬ûһ˿
Сһƽ޷粻˵ɣгô飬ûһ˿Ϊ
ÿղǴԼԺֲֻݣҪŷֺģλص龹һŲᡣ
ֹˣԼҵһһŮƺû֮ǰôˣ⵹ĵĶ徻˲٣ʮﵹ߰նЪС
ɴ˿ɼŮ˲Ǹˣ൱Ĵء
˺ѩռϢ״аָߵŲ輸üʣûϢ𣿡                        
ߣºԵСɰǶкϣص㣺ÿһԵСɰУΪҪںϼˣ¸֮һʮٴθ£СɰһҪ׷ȥϣ˺֮˾һѼ

 31 

ԣѩ¶ɫ, ҡͷ˻δϢء
ġšһ, ³Ѿ࣬йûκεϢ, ǲζѾ
Ӧáɡ
ֶֺɱҳ㷹һĵļһ, ôˡ
ɣΪʲôܾĪĻţ
֮ǰͱСүȢ, ҲЩɻ, δÿÿû³Ϣʱ, еֵʧͽš
ĵĿˣסЩĻңʵ
Ǻѩ븮, ֮ǰ¥һֺø, Щ, 㳣Щ, Ȼȸгպ˲֪١
չķԸѾˡѩ
, Цãˬ, ǳŵĺӣȥӣȥܰһˡ
ǣѩ˳ǣ΢
ܰסԺ, ŵǴӣѾԺΪѾߣ裬̰ڳһЦ
ˣЦ˵
ƳһۣҲԣЦ˵봺ӽȥͨһ
ȻԵƬ̣ūȥЦţһ̵õķȥˡ
һڱģ֮ǰԼҹԺʱǻ˸Ƶġ
Ӳмһ͵ۿ裬ɫ̹ȻûΪӵĲͬ⣬ǿŽеĲʱѹȥ
ʱӾʹ˳Ц˵Ҽҹ롣
˵ͷŴӴţ߽á
ܰӭɫ۽üҽԺŰִ⣬ԭѵòƽ˼ɫʡ
Ȼ˷ϲ¾ˬ
ղǳܽذÿءЦ˵
ܰЦŰһۣ˵ù߻ȡЦңеģ˵ء
˷ֱֽ˲ˮĹ赭ɨһϵĵģЩƽ˵ģ⡣
ǣЦ˵㣬ÿûпֹЩĸ㣬㳢
˵ţӵ˸ɫ  
ӻ⣬ǰŵʳзϣĴʳȡģСĽӰںã㸩ȥ
㣬Ǻ֣Һ֥㳢ϲθڣӣ˵
ܰͷȥǵþޱȣĴָСĺ״·ɼһ˱Ƕ
ʢڰСеĺ֥īڵɫʵ˿֥ζź뻨㣬˲ɵʳָ󶯡
ֵĹȻԣ˾ϸÿģȴ
ܰʵʵĪ
ĶգԺĿһֺø㣬óžò͹㳢˵
ܰЦŵ˵ͷˣҾͲˡ˵ţּһַŽ
Σʵ
ܰͷû뵽֮ãɱǸеĳúóԶˡ
ϲͺã֥Ҳܲһ˵ţʢ֥İСܰǰơ
ܰһ𣬸еĳƽӦʳΪƷɳԵʱҲᡣ
ƷθڣȻƴǣֱֱߵҨһ֥Ž
֥㴼֥ͺҵζãںϻ΢СĿУÿڸ˳ͬʱһݾޡ
ܰסĵͷ߳Ա˵֥ζʮֵرֲʧʳĵԭζ⻨Ҳر𣬺رࣿ
ͷ⻨ǿǰɻǣ֥֮ȵʱڽȥ
Եʱ֭һɢ֥һСڻϣִĿڸء
ԭˣǺܷѹɡܰһ˵ţǰ֥Ѿ˵ס
ЦʵҲֻ̫¿һΣϲԺǡ
ԣܰɫ԰̾һĸ˵ѦҹӵĻھͶ괺죬Ժ۵Ļǲˡ
ϸֳһ˿˸УҲӣüС˵Сùô˴һͬޣԺ˺ҲиԼ˻Ӧš
ܰɫһһʵõΪ𣿡
һװģʵþãиԼߣǺùһ˼
СùҲֵģʱʲô£ܸûŲǡ
ģĶ˵ףܰЦһֹɿһ֮ȴδ˵ȥ
һģܰȻѿ˵ÿ֪ԭҪ޸СүˣСùã㣡
֪˵йȻЦȴװĵɴ۾ŵĿ˿ܣС˵㣬¿ɲ˵
ܰҧҧ꣬˵ã˾̫۸ˣö˶˵ķô˼ҸˣԹûУ
˵ﻰǳƽ˹ʱװ˵ľСùãкιϵ费ӣ˵
ܰ˳üжληηõûƢѾ˵ˣ边ף
Ϣ½ӻ˴ǮŴӺд̽ģ֪ܰʱҲһίʵ̫СүῴŮ
תһ룬ܼ޸Сүܱ޹ȥҪǿöడ
ЩڸдӲ£ΪĻûֻ½ĸ׿̡
ʱҪԼ˼
֮Ĺùã޹ȥ֮ɩɩһǴƣŮĻСүǸӣ֮󻹲֪Ǹʲôأ
Ϣ½Ӷʱ򣬳ƽѾ˰вʣҲѾûתء
ɸ׮ϲһ֮ȥӰܰԹĸףΪλҪŻأֱӡ
뵽˫лһ˿
ãСүǺεȵǽǻ̳к֮λˣǳķˣһãǾھˣܳ͢⣬⽫ǻҫġ
ܰ˵ѹ˵˵Сүһʼأ֪治֪ΪξСùãõԵôûˣǿϧ
װȵĵɴ۾˵ĪҪ˵òǸŮѣĸ
˵꣬ͷװСµģĬĬһڲˮ˵
ܰа̾վǸõģѾ˵ˣǷģ
΢΢ףݺ⡣                        
ߣСɰһҪ׷ȥϣVIPÿ֮˾ԵСɰϺСɰǿ϶צӡɣǧ顣

 32 

β֪ܰеĺ壿
λ㣬ȥ鷳, ʱ붨õĻڻЩʱ, ڼʲô¶ܰ⣿
Ļܹ֮˳, ؼĵϣҲһ, Ϊܹ޸Сү̫°һ£Ҫ֪ð˵ﳤƽķհ
в͸ǽ, ˳, 󱻳ƽ֪˴, бȻ١
ѵûмƽϣ
ĵȻȨףɾ, ǲܲ˵ļٳĻ£ֻ˵еλɼΪҪ
, ֪¶ܰаٺһ, ½Ҳڴʱ֡
˲Ҷ, ܰĶȥ
Ϊƾ赭дļ仰, Ҫðű״õķȥ
浱꺢ͯ
⵹֤ʵеĲ²⣬Ǿ½ӾĿô˳Сүɻ顣
Ȼ
ȻҲ½˼, ЩӲŻ㲻ԼСԺ
ֻҪ˻ָǶ㲻ȥġ
㣬ʱҲ, þȻȥˣǵ˿˵˵
ܰЦŵͷδ
صԼСԺǲӽкѩ
ÿóЩ汾⼸նʵĵģ֮ʹܰ͹ȥ
͵̫ڣȥһμɡԸ
ѩͷӦˣֻʵָ߳õһλĴҽ֪óơ
˵üѩʵǷϤĴҪóƣѾڳҽһʱ䡣
ѩ΢һѾ˼ƽϣֻģū澵һʶڳҽѾ꣬ҽɷġ
ǾͺãʱҪһ֮ء踧˸޽ǣȻ
էָĺɻѾɫһһĽµҶһһ㡣
ҪɨҪȵͣУӣû˼ҵķԸǲԸġ
УһĨӰӻ԰ڶصĻ˳һѻ˵ֽɡɼͷٻǱʪһƬɼѾ˲ʱ
С߹ţȴŸߵĴ·ߣȴԴӻԻˮٵС·ȥ
ʱߵһԺǰߵţƬ̱иСѾ߽ԺŴһ϶̽˰Դ
Ǳ㡣СѾ߿֮æִԺţ˽
Ҳ˵ֱԺеȥ߱ʣʱң
СѾ߳һԲԲӣƤԺڣһ˫ӣʮֵĿɰ
ֻͷǣϵڶЪڴϣŶûгԡ
üʱȻ߽£ֽɡݵСѾߵУԸҶԽȥͺá
СѾӦˣؾصվ¡
ŵ߽ãվĬһ·С˵ū澻ˡ
ιڲŴŮӽ
ӣңںŻ裬ܵĴҲüϣڣøոմıʱðһĺ
ʱڴϣź޵治˵ϻŶղŻõĺʵ
״æߵ齱ߣֽԷ˷ֽĵӷźãҲøЩ
ɫЩ԰ףƤ˱һۣʵҵʵˣ
˵ͷ⼸ūڳдˣλĴڸƲΪУרŮӴ²
šһʵλڳҽˣ
˵Ѿ࣬ҽҽһһĺãҽĲϰ٣пڽޡ
Ƭ̣ʵտɼλˣ
ˣūҽװҩҪҴҼһ档
ʮµͣõǰװ׾ģһ磬Ϊ˿Ϊ
˵ŵ˵ͷֻ˵ǺãһҽԺԼ򣬼סҪأ򲻿֪
Ӧһ̧ʵտɾúЩˣ
ҡҡͷԭһֱ׼˸¹̥֮Ǹࡣ
ɴ¿ʼȻʮ죬ֹС׹ʹѪֹǾòס
κθù˴򲢲óƣܴܲĵȥʣ˼ȥǾҳóƵĴ򿴿Щ
˵̾˿Ц¶ˣӺһЩú㡣
æ˵ⶼū澷ڵ£ū澵ĺãū澶ǵãػᾡľΪ¡
˵ͷĻ˻֣ˣȥɡ
ۼ˳ңüĽ㲻½ÿÿ˵ױԼµϸڣʵ̽ʵ
Ʋ½ӱȻ˴Σʱ벻˵ҩζԲõģ¶ЩԷҲվá
类ٵ飬һþĻòײСүףȻ½Ӻܰļޡ
ԣЩŻ㲻ʳˮҪϸŻڣڳ֮ǰٳʲôˡ
û뵽ȻԼǧСģȴǳ
֮£ֻñڳѰóƵĴǰȥΣ¾½֪Լеһ˵Ⱦš
ָֻ֮У˭ˣ˭ǹԷֱء
ҹηҲľ͵¯𣬾ﶼӷ˹ˮӡ
ʱ磬ԻбڴߵϽ˱һһĿš
ϵˮεδ׹ڴǰĵϣⰵҹҲһζ
֧°ͣ𷢴
ЩѩȻ˲õϢй³Ϣȴǰޡ
˾һ磬Ȼֺ֣Ȼʧ֮ǰûаףʧʱϢ
ʱٴγ֣
ֻߣӴԺҲǰˣ
תһӣͷŵǸСľϻеڲ輸ϣϴ֮ľϻڻС
Ľľϻ򿪣ֻһССĴƿ
֮ǰ¥ʱ³ģ˵ҩ࣬ĵ˿Ȭƿȴ
ʱȻһ΢һָ΢ľϻĸӺϵʵʵ
˲䣬һӰȻȰվĴǰ                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰǣ˾(,,???)

 33 

˵ϴһߣ, ˫ϻѪܵɫ, ƾǻδ͸Ѫա
΢΢ζţվû, ӰĿɲ
һ򵨴, էһⷬ龰Ҳһ, ͷϸ亹졣
ĿڵȢġ
Ŀ, Щ, ȴʧֻķʵ𣿡
Ȼ˵, ɱıǰһ
ˣػ֣˵, Ľеľϻڴ, 򴲱ŲŲӡ
ոջһֵģ, ȴ˴, Ȼ㲻
ʱѾŲ, ԵһãסҴЬˡ
˴һ£Ծ˼
ϸĽЬӴãվߵ輸£ֵһˮ, Ƶ˵ǰ˵ҪҪȺȵ裿
˫һߵ輸ǰǲǹģ
һЦɲǡ
΢Цﻹһ˿Ū˵ɴ۾˺ôŽеɱѹȥ
֪߲ܳԺȣ裬˾ҳŮʵɶ
ǧ÷Ů˵Դ
費Ľ豭Ųߣһڲˮ֮Ŷ°ͣ𣿡
˳һ£
³𣿡ʡ
³˭Ҳʶ˶Ĵһ˫۾ȴתתȥȴǲҡ
úƽϣһ˵Ǹҵˣ𣿡
˶۾Ŷ˵ˣ֮ǰո
ԣ͵һ
֪ǰ˵Ļʵɵ˵ˣˡ仰ʱĻ̲סˡĺݺ˼¡
֣֮ǰ³Ͻʧ
ˣҲûܹвʧȥӦûϲŶ
ΪΣоȴ޻ϲ
һ֮ͷתļ䣬üȻѾˣ㻹ʲô
У֮£ǰһ£ҵʱӦˣܲܶʳ԰ɡ˴
˿±Ȼйذɣ΢
˵ͷȻЦ˵ˣŮϺˣһˣȥ˵ظҲĶħҲһ׮
˵ţӻͳһذǰȻһ£ھԶͣ¡
ʲôԸ;˵Ҷˣʳԡ˸һɱȴ˫˳˲
üƺ֮ǰҪ˵Щʲô֮˵ҾͲ˵ˣиҪ㣬֪ҲҪ
ЦʲôҪģ˵ţһתոջ貱ذ׺һûӰ
Ҳ˵ߣֽϵСľϻ򿪸ӣСƿȡ˳
ƿ˵ǰһݡ
ڴƿɨһۣҪҵĶ
ҪҪʵ
Ҳֵ̫ǮҪ˵
ҡͷȻҪ
תСƿŻľϻУز輸棬˫΢ٿˡ
һʵʲô˼Īǵ治𣿡
˼Ƭ̣Ȼʵ³˵úذɣ
˲ͷĻ˻֣Ҹող˵ˣѾˣżȥء
㣬ǲ˵úأŤͷˣɭɭĹâӿ˲
˴һ£ûҡͷŮ˺Ȥ
԰գ˶֮Ŵǣ˵ļأŻиɡ
˳ӣף˴ʱ˵Ӧʵ
벻³ôûϢΪδǳ̫ʵʩͻϮȻΪֱɱȴҲһ
̫̣С
ŮˣӾ󣿵治𣿡˲£ʵ
һҾ㲻ɱҵġ˵˶ٽ˵ҪȡȻ䣬Ƶô໰˵
԰գɵ³¥ʱɱϣ̸Ц֮ȡģ絶̸ӡɻ֮ȥ
Ҳڲͬأ˵ţȻüʵô֪Һ³йأ
ԺѾ֮⣬Ѿӹ򶼻һֵҹһ˾ԲϢĽ֡
뺮ѩһڴű߶˼׵Ļأ䲻ӣǰ֪Ҫƽɲô׵ġ
˵˵ôʱĻԺͷֵҹѾӾûһ˷֣Ȿͺܿɡ
ɣϾֻһܣҲ³ˣƽأѩǸӲ㡣
һķҲпָ߾ϢĽЩѾʹӣƽ˻أ
ҡҡͷ³ԣ㲻С
ҡҪκЩ飬ĿһۣŮˣȻЩڲͬ
Ϊʲô赭ʵ
ûʲôǴ仰㡣
˵
⻰³˵ģ޹ذɤӣ˵
費ͷƳһۣٲ˵ҪͿ͵ļơ
Ҳڣֱ̫ݡѹ˵
ˣ
ˣһ䡣
ӣͷ֪ˡ
ˣ㡭ҪҴĻ𣿡תߣȴͣ½Ųʵ
ûС˵
ûУ˲ĵķʵ
ҡҡͷˣʲôԺ˵ǡ
һһԲ˴Ƭ̾ʧҹɫ֮С
ߵǰǰԽԽϸܵ˿Ծǣôôϲ
˵꣬ϴһתһⴰҪصĸЩˡ
䣬ǰ΢ĽŲ𣬲һ˲ֹסˣֻʣˮڵϵ
Ŷߵ˴ָԺΧǽϷ䣬һƬҶǰʯ̾͵ĵϣûһ˿졣
ǰĸǽҡͷŮҲ߯ĺݣ治֪ʦΪǵ
ѵͼϲ۶࣬ΪֶֺҡҡͷƺԴΪ⡣
ûָǰ̫ͣǿ׼˷һխӣת۾ʧҹ֮С
꣬һҹ
賿ʱ֣ڽЪţӺʹƽʱûʲôֱֻкѩһֹģ
Ӻʹֱ˸ͷ˳ȥ֮бֻºѩһźš
ҹ˯Ŀɺãѩԥڻ̲סʵ
üЦпɡ
ѩһΪԼڣҲʸף֪边·Դһ֪
ū澡룬ôҲ˵ȴֲ֪οڡ
Ͼ˽ȴûǰкⱾвοĪΨһŮҲþıǡ
ںѩԥ֪οڵʱ跴ȿ˵֪Ѵ鲻ضԡ                        
ߣСɰǣԺϣɱpsСɰǣͿˣСѵСʦܲɰ?O(_)O~

 34 

ѩһ̧, ˵, ū֪˺ŷ
ū澲ûΪԼ˼, ֻǡй˵Ϣū澾ùӦҲ֪ġ
, ȷʵ˵ҪϢ㡭, ֻݽһð, Ϊ˽黳˵ͷ, ˵
ѩԳĬƬ̣Ȼͨһڵ, ūл˵
һ, æʲôʲô˵
ѩҡͷ, Ұѻ˵ɡЩū, ʱ˵, ūԸһֱţ
áִֻ֣Ӧʡ
ѩ˳, ѩԼѾ֪Īū֮Ĺϵ
֪ﶼǱĵָамĵϸﲡ֮, γ֮һֱڳû뿪𣿡
Ļѩ˵ͷĪūһͬ븮ʼʱĶĪ㻹Ǻܺõġ
Ī˹֮ӾһֱãľǴʱҲ֪ʲôԵʣıĪ
һʼΪʲôȴֻǶĪս䵭ȴʼղ
üģʵȻѾɣΪβȡж
֪ū澺Īڵ֯أɣɳϸһɲӲ뿪
кܳʱ䣬Īū澶δյ֯κ֮¾ָֻܼݷȴָ֯ʾ
Щ꣬Ǵ̽Ϣ࣬Ϊٻֱ̫֮Ҳ޹ᣬ뾩еЩȨ֮Ҳûʲôϸ𡣡
һ˿ɶû𣿡ѩ˵Ȼʵ
ѩҡͷȷʵûС
ӣзЩɣΪߣ䲻˵ЩֶΣڶѧ֮ӱ½ѡΪʮͳһ֪˵Ϊ֮
½ӵĸǺ£ҲΪ٣ڳҲڶ
ĵУҲǼװʮѣ½ܽΨһĵŮ¼ɼЩ֮
纮ѩ˵ĸĸǰǱ꣬ûץסһ˿ףֻܡ
ҪȷΪΪ٣ύȨ󣬸̫ûκεĹϵ
Ҫص̫ĸ׺ͺѩѵصϸް취
Ƚ֮£ߡ
ôĲҲûһ˿𣿡ʡ
ѩҡͷūԶЩҽҪڵĶūܻر񣬾ʲôӡ
Ī¹֮Ӿһֱã䰵̲ţɺ֪ľ˷β
Īһղһգڻȥˡ
ū澱±½ȴŹԺһŷ˳ȥūΣֻ뿪ָ
ƺ˼ѩ˵ū뿪֮󣬱ڳУдָ̽ԼϢ֮ǰٴεõ֯
Щ갵нūҽˣˣ˵ĹϵǱѰ˴Ӳɱˣū澲ŷһ档
˵Ӳɱˣһ㣬ûϵġ
ѩҽ߾֮ܣĪܵҽΣͲ򲡶ˡ
ԣüֻѩ˵ˣľϻеҩͳ˵ֱʡ
˽ʲô֣ʵ
֮⣬˶ֻƺΪҽѩ˵
˵ͷʾ˵ȥ
ǰЩӣū澺Ȼӵ˵ĺ¥ӣ֮عﶼѾ֪ˡ
ĵ˵ͷѩ˵²֪˵ūСǲʱͷԸū澺СԼµЩˣӴԺͶǹˡ
⻰ʲô˼ԣ΢΢һ
ѩֱͦ˱һһ˵ūСۣԺ󶼻ԹΨǴӣҪ˺˭ҵȶ໤
ԣ΢С
ԭ³ƮƮһ仰ǽЩ˵С
⵽ʲô˼
Ҫǡ
ʵЩūһֱҪ˵ֻǿ˺Ȼʧ٣ҽ֣֤˻䡣
ֻҪ˻ţū澺С۾Զǹˡ
ѩ˵꣬һж˼ڲסϲ
ȴȻһ㶣ǵˣָΣ
ˣūСԵѳԺԵźڹˡѩԥĴ
һݣԺѩ˵֯һɵĿʵΪҪˣ
ֻū澺С۲ͨϸɵߵʿи⣬ҵҲػȹѩ
ӣĽëͶһƬӰʿ򵥵֣ȴЩ
ֵ𣿡ʵ
ѩӣԥĴΪˣΪ˹ֵã
豻͵㣬һʱ֮侹֪˵ʲôźãòſ˵ˣͲҪô׾ˡ
Ϊ˺͹ūҲϡľǡ
ã˵ˣɡ˵ţȥסѩֻ֣ı䣬һ亹
ʲôչ軰һתʵ
ѩɫչķԸʱվͻԺЩõƷȥ
ϣǰն˿裬ָѾһͬ³оͰ˴ӡ
賶˳ǶüÿһһʮḶ̌룬Ź˶ʱ򣬴Ӿͻ
ѩ򴽵ūס
λҽҲǹҽܣ˿ڲˮĿʵ
ѩҡͷҽ˵ãҡ֯еʿʲ֪ҽһ¡
ôֻǱڳеϸʡ
ѩԥһ£ԥŴϸūڳнʶһѡ
һѩæūʶѾãΪ˼Ϊܿɿɷġ
ԣµĶźѩӿ˰ΣȻЦŶԭˡ
дЩĵ٩ѩԲɵ˫΢죬ͷŵˡ
ˣﵢ鲻˶ãȥúöţҽݻ֮˵
ѩ費𰵰˿ֻͷģһʧ

ȴδ硣
ŵʱչɫѾķ·Ũīһ㣬ϵҲƽﻹҪϡĺܡ
ʱָĺĵıһ϶̽ŮӵӰ
ŮӾѾߵķΣͷñ峤࣬Ϊᡣ
ȥȥͻأʱⲻͷСæһİСŮӶС˵
СЦӦˣλҪЩ
ģһʱ׼ءİСŮӦ                        
ߣ˾˵ԵСɰкϣȻ󡭡ԤգգСɰǶָһϽǵġרǰ˰ɣ

 35 

ָĺϢĹϣñŮɫҴ, ǾЩƫƧĽ, ڱܿ·ͬʱǳҹɫӿ˽Ų
֮, һССĽͣڵҽſڡ
ĽСŮӼҴҵǰߵ, ʱиС˽ľŴһ϶̽Դ, ´ŮƬ, ʵǡ
ĽСŮֽñһ϶, ¶һСɵԲλС, Լġ
СϳŮӣæͷŶ, Ҽǵ, 롣
ĽСŮӻסͬŮ, ĬĬ߽ҽ, Сֱӽá
õһλɫ, Լʮµͣɫ𪣬˫ڣ̸οڣҲ
λǲ򿴶˽, 𿪿ʵ
ĽСŮæͬ£ڵҽ㣬ҽ߳ҽ
üһۣԼŮ˵ˣժñ
Ů΢΢ԥһ£ֽñȡ¶һŲ԰ҺѪɫ
Ƭ̣ó˵֡
ŮҲԣֱӽַϣֱߵһСĵĸŮϸϣŽָĴȥ
Ƭ֮򿪿˵ˡ
ŮӽջͲʵΣ
û˿ɣ˵ˡֱԣǷ첻Ӧѽࣿ
ŮӴ
֮⣬СҲ۲ֹͷηڸ֮Ѫǲζ
ȷˣ⵽Ǻβ֢ǷܹҽΣŮüʵ
Σſ˵λ֮ǰ²
Ůӵͷֳ֮ΪҺҽ壬һʱȬˡ
˼Ƭ̣ǷڷһЩҩ
ԣŮüǺ⣿
Ŷ¸ΪֻùﱾӦʣ²Ȿʲô󲡣úõԻȬ
ɹ֮δڻȴּʢʴ²²Ӧóòҩдһʡ
˵ŮӳƬ̣˵ÿնһ¹̥裬֮ǰҽµķƣѪǷ֮йأ
˰˵¹̥Ǵ󲹣ŮѪõĺˣڹȻ棬ǡ
˵˶٣˼Ƭ֮󷽲˵Ƿɷ¹̥һȷҩгɷ֣²ź˵
Ůҡͷ¹̥ҲδЯɷһۣ
á˵꣬·Щֹ
Ůüⲡԡ
΢΢ššüģ˵ˡֱԣʢѪֹȻѪȻܹ֮¡
ʲôŮʵȻЩ΢
̾һԺüѣУҲѱס
Ůˣɫ䣬ѪɫĴţ˵һ˫Ȼʧ񣬷·˱˻һ㡣
ƺ̿ģ˵Ҳ̫˻ҿӸ㣬ֹѪֹʹ֮ԵΪ
ԺܵĺãҲδþͲܵӣһлҪҩ֮Ч
˵ţƬ֮˸ӳ
ĽСŮæǰӽӹﾡܵǰȥץҩҩĻ壬ȵʱһҪ̫ȣЩ¶ȼɡ
ҩڼʳҪ嵭ЩʳǺ֥黨Щʳ㶼á
ĽСŮһڲԶͬ飬ԥʵʴΪΣ
¹̥豾Ǵ֮ʳڼԺһɵʳҩԼأŮ弫Ϊ
˵ššüķʵʳЩʳƳɵʳ𣿡
ŮӲ԰׵Ĵǳ˳ͷȷʵϡ
ǾѹˣνҩʳͬԴȷ¹̥ѾãڳڷʳЩʳǼΪ
Ůԣɫѿҧҧ꣬ʱޱȡ
ʱĽСŮȻշץҩϸϸҩʱעĵط֮Ÿǡ
ֱС߳ã֮߳һŮӣɫϴźɫֻ¶һ˫ں峺ӣĿҽݴŵķЦ
̾һҩµǰͺᣬȴʲô
ŮתֽԿ¶һԲ԰׵ӣǺѩ
ü㣬Ƥþ£ɱϾܳʱ˶Լк棬ǲ
֮Թɹػ֮Աѩֻͷ΢ů˵ҲȣģԻעġ
˵֮ԺǸ⣬ҽ߸ĸģΪңܾ
ᳶüңҡͷұҲʲôʲôҽľ˰ɡ
˵꣬Ŀѩ㣬ҪСЩҿɲгһհԼѧõҽϡ
ѩһЦģġ
԰գɫ΢ողҩΪͺ᣿Ϊûʱ򡣡
˫΢УͷȻҩ˸ӽԺõ¾ͱˣǻ٢ҲΪ
֪ˣ֮лˡѩЦ
Ҫ𣿡ɫһʵ
ѩ˵ͷҪתȥʱ򣬾ʣʱ
ѩӶ˶٣ԥȴûлͷ֪ǻġ
˵֮Ӱʧ֮С
ԵĿʧķҡͷӻô˵İ

Ǳһ·ָָŶ룬ǵĻصԼҵСԺ
ϵ˫絶Ķϵʵ˵˭ںң
ɫɰת࣬˫ǲԭӴʱŤͬһ㣬̧ͷС˵áҿȺúóҩĪҪ룬ϾҪ
ԣЦһӣȻģˣʲôҪ
üūԣЩףԺǺúòţҲδûת
ƺûĻ½ӺܰǸˣ
¹̥裬ĪǸ磿
Ǹģģһ۰мӣΪҪң
˵Щ֥֮ĵģô£ƺ뵽ʲôȻԱʵ
˫ϥһڵأⶼǳ˶˹ģū澶ǵǰģûװ
˵ˣЩʳõ¹̥ˣճõĶˣҩԣ
϶ǰ֪ɣ֪ƽﰮʳԲŻرЩʮζƷ͹Ҳ֪֮С
½ӣ
ˣһ
֮ǰ类һ¾ֱʣʲɼȻԸСүףȵȼ֮ʰϼǸֳִŮҲ٣
ͼɵҼ޸Сү֮󴦴ѹܰһͷһãǶѦֿɵõĺ֮λ
ĿŵĺķԺ󶼲
ǧվϼĵ                        
ߣСɰǣڱ֮צӡģϾŵӸһ¡

 36 

ɴ۾ŵʵ˼, ½ӿЩƷģ
ǸгЩһǼ, ȴٳֻɫζȫ, ʳҲԺһ֥Ϊ
֮ǰҼԶ, ΪǳЩӣټұ, 㲻֪ĶЩ
ٺ, 뵽ⲻ۵һС, ϼĹƣֶκ
˵Ŀ, Цſ˵, ĵĽƽʱõ¹̥õȥ顣
ϼ, 㺦ô, ҲŹ㣡ŮǼ, Ҳ밲ȶգʱܵĿ, ҶҪӱ
˵ɫϢԭأ̧ͷ

ҽݺǱūѾ׵˺ѩĻ˵ͷ, Сһ۽Žš
԰ˣסҪЩ¶ʲô
ѩͷģǰЩūѾΪ谲źȥҲΫݵĵؽϡ
ǾͺáںѩĻش⡣
ū澻һ²ָһѩƬ֮󣬿ʵ
迴һۣЦǲʣΪ֮ǰҪȡŽʳ¹̥˼ζҩȴΪκȻͷ
ѩ˵ͷūҩȻСү׺֮ڱж
˵˫һ˿֮ǰĿŵƹ¥ȴҪ˼ū澱ݲ
迴һۣ˵֮ǰСүĻͻȻһʱ֮벻õķӣŽ˳ȥ佫µˣļջΪһ
ԣҲŻᰲſƷߣַԸŴӵ콫ʳҩ˵ܰĶ䡣
ܰǸסģ֪½Ӳ׶֣СүĻȥԸȴҵС²ҳͷ֮ȻԶ֡
֮ôʱʱȥЩƷַԸ˽ЩƷ͵ԺһʲôʱҲԽӸƳȥ
ôԺȥˣ汻˽ҴH¶˳˳ҵͷϣܰûʲôϵ
ҵŻϡ
ʱǿԷļ޸ѦǼ޹ȥˣⱲҲá
СүӲãŪһغˣʱѦͻ˳ĳϮƽľλܰȻҲͳ˲ˡ
˵˶٣ɭɭü˵˰ѵܰϣﾡãֶҲǸɾ䡣
ȴû뵽һû˴ˣػΪڱֶΣʱָô
˵ŵĿڽе£ΪȥҸϷ˰ɣ
ѩ˼˰֮󣬵ͷ˵ԭ뵽һ㣬ŻǰūѰ˸ÿεϷ
ַԸū澸һӣа봺ƵƵ棬һͬ˽
ЦˣܰٿĪ磬ֲǸɵӣʱǾ֮ʹȻᶡܰͷϣ
ԣֹū澼¹̥мҩܰҧ
ԣͷܰʵѶԸ޸Ҳġ
ϾѦٵóƽĳ谮ҲֻǸӣֻҪСүһ첻ûгͷ֮ա
ĵģ
ԣһʼûҸıģйҽһ仰
ӣ˵ѩ˴ĻЩ棬ɼȻ費Ը˵ҲͲڶʡ
Ƭ֮˵⼸ȻȥҪϸЩĪҪʲôӡ
ūףԻúöš
ӵҲϣǸϷӣٴߵýһЩ˵
ѩԣüʵūһ仰֪
ֱ֮˵ǡ
αΪǸѾͷɷѿģū澰нǸɾѩ˵ţɱ֡
赭Ŀһۣ˵ЩûʲôαطҪȡ
˵޹ʧ٣ܰбȻɣǴԺȥģҲҲһ
ʱϷ˽ٹЩ˿ⷴ˻ɡ
һͳȫ
轫˵赭дѩĬƬ֮󿪿˵ū֮ǰܾùĪ㲢ƣū澿ˡ
˻ԣҲһ
ĪΪϸվǸˣӲɱ޹ʱģʱһޡѩӣ˵
𣿡뵽ĪСŮȥͷɵһ
ģûа취ѰָȥҲսսĻʮ꣬ڻϢıı
Ҳ˵ѾõĽ֡
ѩ֪˿̵˼ɳڶĪСĻУԱͷǰ֮ǰūΪĪֻǳȴȻͬū׾ء
ͷЦȷʵǸˣҿء
ļĪСǲ⣬ʮֵȫʢʱڣȻǸˡ
ЩɻǣĪСǵƤң΢ЩֶΣסĵģ
οݻǸϸ񲻾Ӯĵĳ谮
Īǣʲô飿
֮ǰΣʵ
ѩһ£ЦĪģĶȴǳ谮ʱūСܾǲĪһֶζѡ
ֱĪ˹֮ĶȻȴ·һ⣬䲡ţȴ·֮ǰܳЩ껹ҪϲЩ
ʱãĪѹͲĵϣǶģҲãҲգĪӲϡ
ָ£ūĪģ¸ΰɡ
򴽣ͷԭˣֲĸ׵òƷǿ½ԼС̫࣬ȴĵĳ谮ԼԸҪˡ
ĪСһңжЩпԳĬá
ҲĪС˵һδֽѣϾһҪڸ֮˵ߣҲֱɡš

ҹס˴¹ӷ϶͸ĵӳһƬҵɫ
СĽеСľзǰ˵ū澽¹̥轻ˡ
Σü
˵ҩϿŮѪϺüƷֻ˵Щԥ
˵Ŀ
ҧҧֻ¹̥ķ̫ЩǷó࣬ͻ飬ò˹ɢѪ㡢ѪֹʱΣ»û
ԣ漴ЦðϼֹҵãҪҵ                        
ߣӸϣСɰҪǵϣġ

 37 

Źҩ֮ѾֹѪ¿ҩ, ūѾշץҩ
, Ƿȥһҽݣū澾ҽϼѣΪ, ػġ
ҽĻ˵ȥֻ˵˽Щ
ҽȻҪȥ, ֻڡ˵ľɨ, Ҳһ󲻺
ҩһǸ, Ӳ½Ӻ˵, ô˵أ
ѲԺڹ
ԺźѾӶԴģҲεԼ, ˵ǲֳġ
뵽
ѾͷźѾ֮, 鶼, ҩҲ֮, Īǡ
, Ӧò
Լȥҽݵ½, Ӳ飬ҲѾ˵Ķ
Щӹȥ滹Ƿƽ˾ģδκβϢ
ο, ¹̥вŵֺαҪ˵Ǹã
ߣҸӹҽֱ¹̥Ʒ֮صܣ޷ء
˼ȥñԺڹɵ˭ҩ
¹̥֮Ժп˼˼һԽʱ˵
һҡͷ¹̥һǹܼūֱ˷ڹҵľϻδˡ
ɫ΢ź֪ĵɴ۾Īǻūҩжֽţ
˵ţͨһڵϣ˵ūûǲţֱӽū澴˷˰ɣ
ŸڵصıĬƬ֮󿪿˵ѾͷҲʶѣȴԼˡ
ĵѾߣ㣬Ժﻹк˿ţЩ
ԣ˼վū澵ĺãūԶǵãū澾ֳ¼ӣ
Ȼ㡣οƵı֡
ίĵ˵ͷֻššüģС˵˵˼ǵҲûеҩȷʵǹܼģū澵ĵȷȷ֮֮Уòʲô©ĵط
ܼҡ˵
ԣһԥʵǻɹܼҴֽţ⣬ⲻܰɣ
ʲôܵģˣָ½ӿǵҴӣȨơ
ִҪֶΣܼҾָ꣬øΣҲδΪá
ԣʮ־֡
Ӷɸ˵˵ģ⡢ָǲٴˣ
ЦֹҪǻҪúõĴţҼһܰҲã½ǸϼҲãһŹ
ⷬŵɪɪ˼ǡҪװʲô֪ӣ
ԣ¹ֻ̥Ҫǹܼ͹ţ͵ҽȥϸҩԾס
ЩȥҪˣв˲ˣշץҩҲҪְƣ˵̲յĲҩ
˵꣬̾˿װģԱ˵ָ֮Ҫҵʵ̫ˣνǲģһСľͻᶪ
ĵѾߣЩҲ㣬Ҽ֮ǰ̣Сġ
һǱһˣʱҸǰĴѾߡ
гһСүϮ˾λҵھ˵һź£˼ױţػȥԣ˼ҵҴӡ
˵֣꣬ʵԸ⣿
ܳĵɴӣͷūãūȻԸġ
ģūԻС£˹ū澵ĺáūжģ
䷢ģЦҡͷǣαطôأ
ԣڨڨķ֣ͷ˵⼸ճҩɫǼãɼȻ鴫
ǰȷʵô֮ˡΪȻĵ˵ͷ૵
ԣϢ򴽰꣬ʹ˫һһĨײɫ

ʱڣδҵСүڴӻصָ˻δüΪ˽ӷϴӭıʡ
һʥּʮΫ֪Ĺֱӵɣ̻ؾι١
ָޱȾϲǳ½ӸϲӼĵãһͬΪĵϲ
ʥּո͵ָգһʥֱּղ͵ָϡ
ղʥּּдһּ֮ŮָΪԪھǳס
£ղÿһֱֶּ֮ߵͷлʱžԼ֪ʲôʱȻʪ͸
紵ü䣬÷·ĺ⣬ȫ̲סһս
ǳҲûϳŵĻʵܣޱȣᣬʴ˳궼һɫߣӲĿʾˡ
λүȨ㳯Ұ϶ΪΪһ仰ʷ̨򣬺Ϊʷ̨飬ΪջǷּֿʷ̨Դ
Ӵ֮䶼λү֮һСĵֻɱ֮
󣬱ֶǸʮ꣬ʶӣֳнΪϢԼеɱ˸ɸɾ
ţѪɺӵһĻеĴ²ų˷ӡ
֮󣬻ϾԱͣΪʮָ飬Ȣǵ̫̫Ĺ˴˵ĵŮɾּ֮ŮӾżԼĹ뷿Ծˡ
ǣ˴Ҳһøǹٹ³ԭĹ˼Ҳûȥ
Ӵˣⱱ岻ֹᣬɱ㣬Ǹɷǣ޿ӡ
֮󣬱ȨĴ󣬿ȴһֱûȢףֱʮ֮󣬻ٴΪָ飬ؿеȴɰĵŮ
˴λΪʢ󣬱Աʮױټϻ͵ʹͣνǽɽ֮
˵ƸĶƾһȦ̻ӳ׵һھǵϿҫ߸ϣ֮иǳҹ磬ϯõһ𣬶ܽǵʯذ帲ǡ
ɰĵŮ֮λ½ͺȻ֮һ踾
ĴھҫھϿ߸ϵ̻һ㣬ޱ貵ͬʱȴ羵ˮ°ݡ
֮ɰ뱱֮ˮݣֱ֮ǰɰڷغȻʡ
Ժ󣬱ͷ·Ľɣǳ͢ĹԱеȨ󣬻ƽգ˱֮Ψֲ
ÿʱҲʹλүԵ
ʱգ輴ҪΪĵָ˵ǵͷһ
ܹ⡣                        
ߣСɰǣǰҪǳˣ֮к͸ϡ

 38 

վղЦ˵ִ, ּΪǧͻ, ⵱ҫٿҪúùϲִ˰
ЦŻղ, ¹ίʵҵСŮ, ҵûСŮĸ
ղ˵ͷ֪λǧ𣿱ٿҪδıϲء
, Ŀվڽ, , ղˡ
һƲǰ, ؾصղˡ
ղ´ۣЦִ, Ůݾ, ֲܵñ
ĺγеļ֮, ȴֲ÷, ֻøЦ˼˵СŮţղˡ
ղ˹Ц, ִɣνƽƣԺұͬţα˹ǫ
ĳ˳ǣ, ¹رЩƣ¹һ𡣡
ҲáղȻӦʡ
Цң½һãæĵĶˣһСæгָ档
Сңʴ˲ýּү͵ߵׯϰ£ѾȥׯϽˣ·;ңԶԴʱδϻظС
Ļֻʣ˶ܰ棬оǴһĨЦˡ
ã⻹ڼͷЦӯӯ˵вŵļ뼵͸˳շһӵζ
ܰһЦ÷ּޣݹԵǵģСùã˵ǲǰ
⻰˵輴ΪɱȲ˵ͷθ˲٣ǽھΪҪչ
Ҳ˵һӵҲԽȥ
⻰Ķܰ޷ãûã͵һӶھ
еָᷢҧҧ꣬ʹ˫һ˿ĺ⡣
˵Ķԣܼ޸ĸͨȷʵ޸ܡ
˵ⱱǻϵߵܣʮǰͷλ˷ţɼ϶Ϊʶи֮ˡ
⻰˵ޣҲͬΪͷλѦȴû㱾£ֻ۰Ͱ͵ĵԼĸһȽϱ֡
ܰȻó΢΢üֲõ淢ֻڨڨ˵Сù˵ǡ
ãƽʱԲģһշ֦ͷ˵İϷΪƯҪúý̽С
һûʲôǸָһףĵ׵Ļǲزס
ڼϸе⼸λﶼ£һһһֻû䣬Ȼ⻰˵㲻ôˡ
зƣЩԴ׵ĴɭɭƳһۣ˵㣬ϼȻѾּΪúͱ´ͻ飬ҫǻմ͡
ҲҪȥϣȥãԲڮٻϣ򡭡ֹҪ۾֮СĸҲ޷ء
˵꣬ѹ淴Ļᣬֱ˵Сùã㣬㣬þȻȥˡ
ڳļ˵תߣͽĿɿڴ棬ԼͬЩܰ
˵ⷬξȣϾѲﲢϿô˳
ֻЩ벻ͨǣ赽׺εºܾᱻϣҵõϴͻ飿
˵ⱱ֮ԶټĿªΪѱɱ㣬Ͼǻϵߵܣ˷ŵ
ã޹ȥ֮ûҲû裬֮λ˵ǼΪ
ޣʲô»ûؾ͸ұԼҽˣ裬ҵţ濴뿪ıӰһ֮ˣתߡ
ıӰĳ˳ǣδ
һ·ԣֻ亹죬Ƭ̾ʪԺиһƬ磬ʥּͻ飬һʱ֮侹Ҳû⡣
ӷ֣Ϊǵĵ
˫գԷ亹ɪɪ
òװԼСԺҴǰŵǺѩĿڶ࣬ʱѴǰ֪˻ϴͻϢ
ֻü񣬡ǻˡ
СԺֻԺš֨ѽһ죬֪Ǻѩŵŵɳ¾Ծ˰벽ӽýЩ˵ڵء
ãϣԶ̧վǰĺѩһۣüѾõϢ
ѩ˵ͷδ˵
ɫ԰ףʥּˣ⡢Ǻã
üĽҡͷȻҪȢΪ±ͲѰοּͻ飬׮Ȼתء
ⱱ涼δΪִҪȢΪѩ˵
֪ǱָҪȢң˼Ƭ̣ʵ
ԣѩ΢΢һΪһţڳѱҲǳģϣܳɣ
֪ǰεĻԼǻϵ˼
˵̲ס̾һֻʥּ֮ҪҺͱô򵥡
˼ǣйأѩʵ
貢𻰣ֻӷԸ°ɣǵöԴ˵⼸òҪԺȥǵá
˳ӣ͵Ƕ֮ǸǸסģǽ֦Ͳˡ
ֹĿ˿裬Ĭ˰֮Ӧǣ˼ūףūȥ
ӳţ΢΢ӣɫ˼βſ˵Сȥ̽һ±Ϣ޾ϸ
ѩĵ˵ͷԥſʵǾ֮ʲôΪ֪飿
һݣΪƣ֧򢣬˵ֻ´ʱʳ֪ζĲլЩŮӣ˿ƽƣҫڵģִˡ
ԣѩδ˵ֻóĬԶԡ
Ϊʿɱ¶̽Բڻ£⳯͢еĲƹ˲Ϣ䣬ȴܿƵġ
뵽Ҫ޵Ǵ˵ɱ㣬ϲŭ޳ıл̲סķ
ԹĻⱱҪˡ
ѵ˵ĪźҪŮݣ

鷢ѧղȲĪ㣬ܲĿĪŮصޣƴҲҪһ
⣬ѩҧҧɫūڳݷ꣬Щ·
ﲻŻּ£ǻ֮ʱ뿪ָΫ֮ūԹĲǱػһأ
ûϵѩ˵һüϸϸĴվԼǰŮӣɫޱȳ֮ж¶ľ֮ɫȴҲΪ֮ݡ
˼ǣҿּӻ飿üʵ                        
ߣСɰǣ֮ԣϡԤ棺ʮ㣬Ͼŵһ¡

 39 

ѩԥĵͷūΪ, Դ, һ
֪⿹ּӻ³Ĭ˰Σʵ
ѩ˳鴽, ū֪￹ּӻ, ָؽ㸲⸮һܹ⡣
㲻£赭Ŀ, ʵ
, ѩȻЦū澻žΪ˹, Ȼǲµģ⸮е, ū澱ֻһ仰ϧ
԰, ﵱ, ūʱ, ҹǰ, ܳΫݳǡ
֮أҹ·˺Ҫɥ֮Ȯһҹ
ֻҪһڴѳ͢һ, ǺʾϾһҵĻѳĲһצȮһ·׷
ҴӴ˽գƣ, ȴ޴ȥߵ˹ɽˮ񣬶У뺷һų⣬Ǹȥ
ߵĺ壿Ƕߵ˹طľһѽãȥˣڴѾһ³
˵ѩҧ´Ĭո˵Щδϸ룬ֻǾõ֮Ҫ뿪ָ뿪Ϋݣ뿪ԶԶģǰ׮Ψһİ취
ڽٺΣȷʵ˼ǲܡ
ش󣬱Ȼҵ֮ӴܹڵĻţܱȼ޸һҪ޷ΣҪõĶɣ
뵽ѩ뿪ڣȴ˵οӻ飬Ϊ˱ⱻ˷ֻЯһˣôԺˣʱ·һ
̷ңҲֹ޷ӻǣȴҪΪԼǵ
ԣѩͷūǵǹģΪʵʣﲻΪҵȹһ
ΪЩ˵ҵģұҪϧͶ趢źѩ۾һһ˵
԰գ̾ңھЧǰ;ƽõıܻ࣬ܲǰ̲㣬Ҫɣ
ˣүԶڱǼǲȥţ⿹ּĴ£һ˵ģ
гʲôأүɾĲˣ
뵽ѩ亹죬ȷçײˣԶ˼ȫס
ɾǲķɴʱɤȴһķҪ˵Ļһ˵
ū澡ū澿ǲȥΪүţūүһ۰Ȼѩ˵Щʲôȴ˵Ѿ˵ˡ
ѩԭأ֮ǰ˵ģϾ޶ۣҲܿǰλĳõĴլ֮ⷽأɣ
լ⼸ŮභҲĳԣֻҪΪԼһذˡ
񣬻Ͱǰȴԥľܾˣ
ѩףſּȻףƾݵı£ֻҪ֪ĳΫݳǣ֮֮ܲ
ǱߵѰЩǹܾĳıҲδòѡʱؾۣӦǸã
ںģǰ;ԼԺ˵
ʲô뵽ˣֻû뵽Լ
ѩֻŽ費Ϊ˽ľܿѣ򡭡ǰĪˡ
ǰԺȻϲլСԺҲǲضãɷ֡
žžžӵϷɽƬСæסͷһСǱ࣬⡣
ݺݵĽײ豭ˤڵϣۿǲ豭ˤ˸飬ź˵εºܣûϴͻ飬ܵ
ÿ˵һ䣬ץϵĲ豭ݺݵˤڵϣźѾͷҳһСı濴Ƿǵùɡ
ҵСڣٲֵ֣ͣǮֵǮĶҪҹˣСźǳ
ݺݵƳһۣûµ˵ã۲Ĳ
УңңЩģһҾͼһʣʱͨͨļױۣ
С˵꣬ΧѾߺľͷֽҵúúƣһصƬֵӣ
վŵѾӱһ𣬶æߣǺţߵ˱㱻ӽס³ɱصƬò˶١
ۼСﶯŲ鲻Ըһſǻ˵С㲻֪жţ
ƽװģһƣ˵ͱ䣬ûа
⻹ûгأͰڳһļûļѾͷôһշ֦ͷ˷ˣ
Ůʵ
ССƹϵƬߵԼŮǰһۣü˳ˣôôס
Сﻹ˵أ۳СùúͶǰ󶼶ףǸûܵҰѾͷŮֹʽ򣬿ָ⻹иӢδްɣ
ԽԽĨĨ۽ǣɤ˵¶ССҪŮѦҶӣڼҲþܰ
ԣСݺݵĵһۣѹ˵ҵСڣͲС
ƲƲ죬ԼԺ˵Ҫʲôأ
˸Ҷ೤ͷȥҽǾͱ˹µ˷ȥҲʡ
СεҡҡͷСڣܰ˭㸸׵ĵŮ½ﳤĹ
½ԺĵҴӣСֻǸңƽʱϲ裬ﰵ˲ٵưͿ
֪½Ϊҵʱգ
ȻЩССߣ˼䲻͸վҲǸɵӡ
ȻΪϲС½Ӳҵ︸ףȻСûӡ
ԣС̾˿ָ˸޽ǣ⻰û㸸ôϲϾǸˣںĻǰ;
½ӸãǴСʫǸͷͷȥ˺Ժ׫
⺲Ժ½ӵףԼﵱȻڻ£һӱػƽƣ;˳졣
ⱾٴҲǴ飬ܰĻʲôϵ
Сɸյİһۣ˵ֳܰһĸָͬеճá
㵱ƽǸʲôڣһҵŮܽȥ𣿡
½ӵļҲǲһŮŮҿǴ
Ȼ֪ԼܰͬնʲұȲܰСùأ
һʧڵŮˣʲôʸ޸Сү
ԣСɫһǳұ죡                        
ߣϾŵӸ֮ԵСɰϣ

 40 

СƽＫŮ˵ϸ, ΢һĻδ˵, Ҫ˵ɫĺǳˡ
ʱС仰ŵ˫̺һȦ, Сɫƣ㲻ڿ, ֻǲϵ̧Ĩᡣ
ԼŮίģСﵽĲ, ֻŻ˵ոЩøڶ, һֶᣡ
˼, ɤ˵ŮǲƾʲôСùõԵ
С, Цƾиø磡
ŮͲˣΪʲôҪάŮ, ҲǸ׵Ѫ, ˱ˣ
һ, ֱСǳһ, εͷҲ˼֣׸㲻, ɱ֮Ǹÿɾһϣһˡ
ûЩҲ֪ﰵ˶ٻأȴûӮȻǴʮԹ
֮ǰ, ڲֹСûӣ½ӺܰҲˣʴﻹ̹Щ
ڣܰѦҶӵҴӣˣڵ֮󣬾Ȼܼ޸Сүʵ
СȻ룬СڣԺй¶ᡣ
ĬƬֿ֮ѹ˵үΪ˽ѹŪ֮ǰԺˣһûзŹ
˵СϵɫֳѾСүף¾ᡣ
гһ¶֪ȻּҺѦҵĺʱүŹҽͷˣ𣿡
ʱ͸ɱȥϼãԴδҲֻСﲻ岻˵䡣
֪׾ȻԺеˣҲɵЩ¡
澪ֿСһۣСҡԺ󶼲ˡ
ͶˣС˵ġ
Цһ˵Ҳ𼱣СүԶԶļһ棬ಢڣһĲݡ
ټܳƽĴӸ֪ܳŵʲôʱԺܲǸδ֪֮
޹ȥˣû׼˻ûϣһ˹Ѹ㿴Ϸ⣬Ǹˡ
ԵһƲƲǣСϾǸԺգ޹ȥ֮һٻ
˵Сү˵ãɲǻûʱ˭ܱ֤Сùòܵü̳к֮λ
ԣСлһ˿ɫֻȻڵǰЩء
һСֻ˫ЩˣɵĿʵС˵ʲô
СüһۣɫɭȻûʲôֻסҸո˵ĻӴ⸮ҪУĪҪֻˣӣǡ
үλɣֵʥּҪԪ뱱ףոбػæʰƷվͻ׼ȥǡ
ʱھվס˽ŸƾүĹְڼ볤ƽԼ׹ϵδҪ޵ķȻǷǸȲǰǼλԾȥ
С˵üչ˼֣ƲС˵ǣõͻȻСͲ𣿡
ĻСոջ˼ֵɫٴγȥü˵˵Ķԣȷʵεĺܡ
;ǸСӲ򵥣֮ǰƾѦҶüȥá
ѦҶӶףȴһԾ˱ʲôǶ֪ء
Խ˵ԽգȲܰҲˣȴһڼвܳҲͷܹġ
СĬ˰ΣʲôԵʣȻ͵ұȨ죬ݵλүҪ֮¡
֮ǰ֮ǰδ̫϶ִҲ֮С¶ҲЩ㡣Сüģ˵
ȴΪȻЦһңҲҪǱĿޣҿǸģûû
СƤҡͷĿǳĻԺ˳ȥƹܵټլ
СǺ⣿ѲǻҪǼλȵĲɣ
ҾϣڱλȵģԽԽã
ԣ澪ĿСΪʵС⡢ĪͿ𣿡
㲻һֱϲС֮ǰпѹȴΪҪ˵
Сᳶ˵һʱһʱ
֮ǰϲ裬Ϊһ⸮ŮȻĪСЩŮȴò̳˸ʮʮ
֮ǰҲ˵ѦҶ۸ڶӶ𣿡
⸮аȵĴһգڻôıó·
Ե˴С˫΢ûмүζĪСģǼΪλǰķ
ĪС֮ǰǲø׵ϲ𣿡ʵ
СζĿһۣҡͷүϲƴһӣһӣŮȴмһ˵ĺء
ЩɻĿСһʱ֮ȴֲ֪οڣȴС˵ˣЩӾֻŷѾʰ¾ͲҪǰԺ߶ˡ
治Ըĵ˵ͷ˵ЩʲôȴСѾȥֻס˿ڡ
ǰһصƬ뵽С˵ĻԼƺ뵽ʲôȴַ·ʵĿС
ҲʲôҪɡ
š
ҹָѹԿʱ
ȴɴŵɫĳǰѵʱˣҪЩ˰ɣ
ԣȴҡͷһٵȵȰɡ
԰գȻЦȥôһ밲Ӧõϡ
Ӧһתȥˡ
軹ûãҪȵȴǰˡ
Ļ˫΢ɭɭüģվˡ
Ůס費
ĵĿһۣüƽʱ˼ֵľ⣬˵
£Ӷ˸ոõĲ衣
л˵ȥĿ˵
Ӹ˼΢΢˵ͷ˵ǣү
˳ȥĲų˵裬֮ǰɼ
ֱԲƣʦһ㣬ЦһʵΪʣ
ü֮ɫȻ˫ڳһ̶ģ˼еǸŮӣĲһ˲ʧ
裬޹Ϊ뱱ͻ飬Ǹǻδ֪ΪҪ֪޲ԣ޲źáİסвϷŵ˼˵
Է˵ĪΪϣŮʲôɣ                        
ߣϻ˵Ӹڴˡ֮ԵСɰϡ

 41 

üû𣿡
Ů˵ûУ׿ţ
ߵİཻƬ, ˵û, Ȼ㡣ĵ˵
Ů뱱δı棬Ӳ֪ΪλȻּͻ, Ů롭ڳΪ٣ھеϢӦͨǡ
ո׼, Ůʸף֮еʲôԵʣʵ
ȴһ, Ϊ˴̽ʵ, ֮, ǰСƽǳĬŮ, Ȼ֮䷴Ϊ
ţȻ, ҩʯˡϰ, ȡĳ౨, йٻ¼δŮ֮ѡ֮Ů, Ϊϲ
˵˶٣, Ž˵Ӧİ뱱ΪϣԻϲŻּͻ顣
˵֮˳ӣ˵ϢǷʵдȶΪΪ, ֮ǰ뱱йһ֮ԵԵɺϵ˱ϲɰĳˡ
ûУǱ㡭˵ɫصĿһۣ˵
ӣĬƬ֮󷽲ſ˵ףȻԣŮΪϲѡǶŮּ˵콵𡣡
˼ǣԸĸԸȥϲĵЩľȡ
˵֮ⷬǰΪᾪģẦ£ڵϿ취
û뵽ǣ֪˴֮ݶû¶һ˿һ
˵콵
Ȼأʥּ£Ǹ׻Ů޷ּˡ簲ȵļ޸
ϲпܻȥ𣿡
һԶԡ
ȻҹĿģҪ赽뱱Ƿ֮⣬Ϊ谲ȵڸдޡ
ϾϴͻΣʮ֮ǰǴΣ̫̫˴˵ĵŮڹ֮
ӴˣĹ˼Ҿһǧɣ޳ͷ֮ա
ڶΣɰĵŮ޹ȥվͳ˸ӣȨһɰҲڲ֮ڷء
ɼڻȨǰٷʢļ壬Ҳ˲Ϣ֮㸲̮
εĻ£Ϣ˵Ϊ˸ϲѡе裬˭ܱ֤ûʲôԵʣ
οξɣҲйأϾǻˣҪ塣
ֻһ֪Ȣ½ҵŮ۸ּ֮뾩Щſν֮ǧ
޷ǾҪδıһ˵ùȥļпɼ϶±ʮӡ
ҲΪˣһ׮³ʲôӣٵģпܾ֮֡
ϣ˭뵽ԶŮΪ˼ʢĹؼ
ҲܵŮܽٵƿ͸侲ǰס
ҲСŮ
裬ܽ¿ͨ͸ΪҲûʲôˡ˵
̧һۣǰĲ豭ǰ裬׺ҲЩá
Ų豭ɫĲŵһ˿˿ϤĺĵӺԤ׵˼֡
豭һ֮૵ζ˵ʶʲôƵȻס
СһɣŲ豭Ŀʵ
һ̧裬̬ĺŲ裬ϵģƺ̸ֻҳ
üۣ²豭˵ҹˣ¾Ͱ˰ɡ˵꣬ߡ
ʱסӻ˵Щ¾ʹԺﶢʰʮ֮ȥǡ˵꣬ͷҲصȥ
нԶıӰ˵ߡᣬ˲ͱҹ紵ɢˡ
ԺűŻӹϣѩŴӲȵӰ˳Ũڵīɫ˵ǰһ
ˣͷҲصʵ
ѩ˵ͷǣū澻ˡ
賶˳ǣĶĪСģǸոһ밲Ƭʧ
Ůֻ̽ơ
ֻΪ̽̽ˣǻϴδͻ飬¹ؼ˥˫۾ݵŮ
ֹǹ֮ǰ޶£г˼˥֮⣬ݲѩ˵
԰̾һ̾ϢΪ޹Ǹ裬ͬʱҲΪڴһС
ĬƬ̣Ժѩ˵ĴϢزдСۿйڱϢ
ѩҡͷ̽ˣĸո˵Ĳ޶£ʼûϳֱڡ
ңеҽڱҲһˣϧɭϣǵ벻ڣԲ̽ײΣ
ףҵϣλ紫԰һ𡣡
ѩһſڵ˼ǡ
´üˣʱ˵Щ֮磬һеȵ˾˵ɡ
Ϋݳе֣ū澾Ƿװȥǣʣһ־һͬ뿪
ãȥŰɣСǰ¶ֱ̫࣬ȥǣС˵㣬Ը
ūסѩ

ҹ˾½Ӷҵĺľϣ£жţ裬üչ
ȥСﰲãҲ˵ģĵģֻһ˫Ůǰ̡
ͬ¶ɫ֮ǰıõһݵķӿòˡ
ϾĺȻּǨֱϴͻ飬ʱгʲô¶۵ľϼ塣
һ㣬½֪˵
Ҳʵ벻ķʴֻܼĬԡ
½̾˿еţСϣü˵˵Ϊ֮ã˵йٻ¼Ůô࣬ôƫƫˣ
л᲻ʲôΰ
üӶˣŲдΪѡǰ֣ѡǸѾͷֻɺ϶ѡ
ɺϣͿСӲʲôǵģ벻õ˵ֹҪ֮ǰף͵ּ⣡
ºˣҵճŮ˸ӣļȴ˾˵
½۾Խ˵Ҳա
ǰС϶ţ裬ĪգΪǼԸӿɲá
Ӷ飬СҲŵڣһҪĿļ޸Сү˵ôʵ
˳ӣЦӣСү֪ģǲģﰾùֵʢĳƽأ
ӷſģⳤƽľλǻѦҶӵϣʱǶھˣв
½˼Ƭ̣ĵС˵ֻǼһ˺
˵꣬ɫǼ£ܾѾʲôԭ֮ǰ򲡱УҲһ˰ˣ
ǲˡ                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰк^_^ص㣺ŵӸ

 42 

ԣɭɭĳ˳, , ˶ڱ󶯵֣Ҳ
һ, üΪûһ˿֤ݡ
, ¶ʧڣһ, , Ѱ·𣿡
ĴԹҪԶ, Ǳǵ»ʱ׽, ūҪ֤֤ڣû, ɻܷȥ
½һ, ʵ˼, ҪõǸˣ
軺Ľеţݵ½ӵ, Цӣǧһ
½ӳƬ, վֽӹţ裬̾һţڴһڣͷãͰ˵ȥɡ
ū, ӳ簲˰ɡͷ˵
½ƺ¶˾İ㣬ŴҹɫȻЦЩȱȻҪ͸ó硣

ˬǳĺӣָ֮ȴһƬæµ֮ɫ
£һߺȲһ߿ԺѾʰ
Ժ˵󣬿һʰȷǲ٣ĹȻʰ߰˸ÿġ
ɵİȥԺеÿ˶˾ְ䷱ЩҲԵλҡ
ﵹУԺЩ۵ĶͲ÷ƣæ͵УһΪʢ¶һ߱Թ
Դ֮СԺƽ׶˲ӣиڶгɱСţҹԿ֮ѲӵļҶǱƽ˺ü
סСԺЩΧʵʵͬһˮòͰ
ףԼĪ½ӵ˼Ͼʱǣһȫ©ǳõġ
ҺúѩܣҹеĹҲûеЩֵİš
˵ף½ȻҲǵĵ׿ϣףϸ˼ҹĻѾ̹ϣĻδȫš
޷ⱾԤ֮УҲξȡ
۲ĲľȻ÷ơһʲ裬ֻζ㣬
ʿյĿƷ൱ء
佱Լֱͦ˱üЦū֮ǰ˲ٹͬѧġ
ֻϧƫҪȥū澶ȻٶѧЩ裬޿ϧ˵
ЦЦҳŲȿЩŷҲȥõġ
Ʋƭˣﶼ̫࣬Ķĳﰡ
һЦŵͷ˵Ҳǡ
㵱Ҫ޸Ǳ𣿡ʵ
üʥּˣݲҲޡϿɲǳƽҲСү
⻰˵ޣɴ̾͵ͷ˵ҲǣܱСүҪǿö࡭
˵ʲôЦСѾͷ֪һҲҪ㣬ҿô죿
ͷæϥ˵лѣūȥ
첽ܽԺЦĳ賶˳ǣеʲȴķŻصϡ

۳Ͷָ֮ļҾ˺ӵִﾩǵĶš
µô˶ǰ쳣ΰĳǳؾ˵
ָ˳½Ӻʹ֮⣬ûеǣΪܰҲ״μѹĶǡ
˺Ӿͷֻ⣬´֮Ҫ½·ǣǣݵ֮󣬸λӹ˸ԵСӸڳԣ½½ĴӶŽ˳ǡ
ѳǷΪϱĸţÿһָչĹٵзΪ˶ϱС
ǻʳڣȥʳ֮⣬ﱻֳʮӣййԱĸۡڴ˴
뱱ңңԵУռСȴֳʮӣסĶƽգо֮ͽڶ࣬ν֮
УҲֳͬʮӣѹǿʢйĺ֮ƣܱߵСͨ
ҸΪ˱ʾϣ׷׽ӵ͵ӣΪԼ̵ľۼ֮ء
ҲΪʮӣס֮˴Ǹ˼ңʴˣ̼ȫõģҲģĿ˽ǷǸ
λڶߵǶԶ¥ϣվڴǰһĬĬĿ¥ȺԼһԶŶ
ֽǵˣһż信ֻɫЩ԰ףü֮͸ЩĲݡ
żͨĳʽ⾩֮ж䳣ƫƫϣ͸һɻ֮У
˫īżйҹĻ֮˸ǣޱ財
ʧãһȱ䲻ĵ³
һȴǸȴֻʮ˾꣬࿿ڴߣϽɫϴŵЦ⣬΢ʱ¶׵Ļü䣬Ϊʵƽ˼Ƥ
һ߰е̽ƺһ߶ʵʦ֣˶ˣͲȥ
³ƤƳһۣʱ򡣡
³ʦ½룬üҡͷһ治㣬һ˵սǣƫͲĻúڸţִҪ
ɣȴֲ棬۰Ͱ͵ܵʲôô
˵֮ǰôûʦŰë
³ͷҲص˵㻹С
ϾͶʮˣʲôģ¶˵򵥣㲻ǿʲôӣ
³΢΢˳ǣȴû˵
ʦ֣⼸ǹŹ˺üأҪʦҽѾȥĶͶ̥Ҳ˵
Ӹպôһһ˼ǸϣΪ˲ϧ϶ˡ
Ϊ˳İȢ֣㻹ʲôأʲôҩʯˣ඼Ūڹ֮䣬ʦ㻹ɷѿİ
¿ɺãڰʥּˣҲŪˣ˵ߵģ㾹̵סȥ
ҾͲˣ㵽׿ˣҪ˵úãСʦÿɱÿôûʦСʦİ
½ֹ˵ãǲ³ӦȤҡҡͷҪҰһˣ˼ҹ֪Ǳ
Ҳʡ֪޵ʲôˣԲ˯ŵģ׵ʱɸƷݵĳ˹֣⣿
ϾүãǸԸ޸ɱ㣬ֳªޱȵˣ
³ӣ½룬ŨīȻһ˿ɫ
½뱻Щڣ俴ԼʦǰһģͯʱӰ͵Ϯͷһ˿õԤС
ʦ֣е¯ϻҩҩѵãܰˡ˵ţתߡ
ϲŸŤӣ;˫΢΢飬½˵ãɴʱ˫ȷ·ԼģƴҪͽ޹
ʦ֣ʲô½üʵ
³ƵߵĸǰЦЦ룬ʦո˵ĶԣȷʵãŵͲˡ
ƺл½ɫѿգգ۾˵ʦ֣㳤úãҲãǮȨܼ޸˻أẦ£
˵㿴ϵǸŮӵӴúܣ⡢ίʵ㲻ʲôʦ˵ǲǣ
³üЦЦĿ˫¶Ľթϸâ½ʧ                        
ߣ¶ˣ֮Ժϡʱ󣬼Ӹڽŵ㡿

 43 

ʦܣʦµ㲻ɡ³´½úü֮, ڿ˵
½æҡͷ, ʦ, Ҳ
³˵꣬ſȥ, ߱˵ذɣ¯ϲҩ𣿡
, ½ֻԼ˲ָ֪, ûڵĶ˶, ֹ²ˡ

ָµլۡλڱУҾʳǺܽ, ֮ڵǾĸۡ
֮ΫʱĸۡҪĶ࣬ѱһ˴ɨĸɾ
ΪϾͻǱԵ, ӵеԺӿ, лиССĻ԰, һ˽ĳ, ɽͤȻžǵ, ݻ
ÿɱ֮ǰΫʱеûҪأת˸Ȧϲ˵
ѷԸԺиȥʰѩҲȥ˲Ժи, ȥãܣ֮аڷŵǼҾ߻ǰڼǼֵơ
Ҳֲô˾ϲȷ֮ǰΫʱסǸСԺҪݻĶࡣ
£ӼĴ˵СӣϽȥСЩˮ
æ˵Ī֣ūǻϲĹˣ£ԵƬ̣ūȥ˵ţɿ˸ȥ
ѾͷëëġӿȥıӰҡͷЦ
ȴƲ⣬Ҳ飬ĪҪ̫Ͽˡ
Ӹū澵ģūǾҪΪ²
һ˵ģȻڡһЦ
ΪηЦū˵𣿡ʵ
û˵ֻǾģٸլѾߵĿˡЦ˵
ȴɫٹ࣬Ҫ޵ˣū澾Ȼض࣬ū澲Ϊ£񲻵ںǰû档
һȻ֪ʱ˵Ƿθ֮ԣʱѾͷڼҪһ£磬һСľͻԼڲľء
ЩȻҲӵģӣסӵ֡
ֻ˵ӣĹ뵣ǣģǱ̶ѨҲǺö˶˵Ľȥĳ
ֻҪðūáӵͷ˵
ھ;ǰֻ۳ͶЩ룬ȥСƬ̰ɡЦ˵
ңԸѩˣֱӽɡ
ǣūףЪš˵˳ҡ
ҸϸϸĲһϽȻԼ֮ʲôס
һ֮κλܵԷո¾ҵű˴ߵ졣
ū澻ˡѩ˵
˵뿿ϣ˵
ѩƿ˽
ţˣʵ
ū澽Ժиϸϸˣδʲôסѩ
ףʵеֶѾ׵ˣ
ǣոС½ʮ˶ѾȻ׵ڳеԶ¥ı˸õĲ£⾩ľ¥ҲǸϢۼĳѩ
СǸˣ̽ϢҺܷġ˵꣬üʵǱ߿µϢ
ѩҡͷǴŽգ˹еҽÿջȥ֮⣬Ϣ
ؾȻɭϣйرϢ͸ü
ѩ˵ū澰²
Ѿˣǵ˳էԾǱͲ죬ⱱڴѳȨ㳯ҰҲǸ򵥵
λүϣڲУⱱҲδһ˿ҡ
Ȼ鴫
ѩü֮
Ҫʲôͺá˵
ˣ˴ţ˵Ѿͬ˼٣վͻִﾩǡЦ˵
ѩһҲЦū澹ϲүȻδ˰ɣ
ǰء˵
ļֻ꣬ɴСϲ趯Ūǹȷʵ־ڿƾ٣ľԽȥӥȥȻӥеɽǰ;һƬá
ãæֻ֮ǰعһΣȴŲϣ˴ӱЩԼ
ЩĽӼãڸеӿ¹ûӼѰɣ
ֻȻϣΨһںѪףΨһĸʲôӡ
࣬СսʱзֵͷѪӣίʵĲ¡
εĻҲǸ뿪ǵȥνҲȹųϦǿЩ
մѹأȻ׵Ůڳɻ֮ǰǲģҪڹ֮дޣֱշϲӭ׵Ķ鵽ҡ
ǣּҵ޵ĹԸԺУ⵹徻Ҳ˼档
⼸ոæңиɣҪҲӦ
ϣ½кլı£Ƕһʶ
ֻǣԺѲӵѾӲûм٣·ΫլӵʱҪЩ
½䷱²٣ǸСġ
վԪˣ⼸մǱͳļױᣬū澳ŶҪļָĴˡ
ڵΪҰۼۺţ֮ЩһƳɵ
ɫϸµз۵𣬻͸һ˿һĻ㣬ĨϷϸ
и̾ⶫͺñִõĤõĲȴǴȻȾԭϵȼΪֺС
Ȼյִ֮µЩϳЩ֪Ҫö١
ڳշЩ츳ЩӣһֱСԺɴͽЩ֬ˮۣ̲յļƷ£оƣҲģĺˡ
ţһ̧ߣ¡ϣԸ
Ĵ˵ĶԣôõĶǱӺС
Ϸ費ЦҲܶЩֻЩԺ½ӺСҲǲҶġ
ֻĥţЩȥ˱Ժô㶼ǮҲܱԺҪǿĶˡ
գ˺ôһѩ
ߣӸϡµ֮ԵСкϡ^_^

 44 

͵Ϣ֪ȥĺ½, زʱҪ
˷纮ѩ, ˸վԺеĻ£˫ֻǺľԺųͣ
ֻҪ΢һ, ͻȻƵġ
˵ָ鵽ǴӶСڹ¶Ժ, ûӵʲôζ
磬Ψһ, , δıȴĪĶ׽֮С
, ϸȻȥ, үˣūϾȥﱨ, ʲôġӽȺõ¯Ž
ҡͷ޷, ٵһ
ֻҡҡͷȰ, үĸһǼõ, үľȥ˾ƽӲš
Щ, үٻÿÿ˴ЩǮʵǽ÷ġ
ĪС⸮޿үҲȥ˱, ֽղ֪µĿӡ
뵽Ӳɵð̾һ
ԺŴȻһ΢ߵæЦȻүˡ
˵ţѾɱ˻ȣֱԺŵķȥ
ҲһƵĿԺţӿ֮һ˽
ŵɫĳںڵķ˿ͷ¶ĶͷĽһ˫մѩˮҳĺɫƤѥ
һſӣ°̰Ƿһ˫ü˫īڣżйâ˸ˡ
ᣬü֮ȴȾЩɱ֮⣬ɵ̧һ˲䣬˫ȴᡣ
硣һ̣边ɵЩӷᡣ
Цϻȣǰվͷһãһˣ
̧ͷϸϸĴǰ꣬·ǼеǸɣ˪ѩ뵶⽣Ӱδзֺĸı䡣
Цţ˵ϵѩͺá
ҲͷϱȻһ£Цûõǳ˲١
˵꣬üʵ̫ͻȻˣǱɡ
磬䣬ǽ˵ЦӯӯĴĻ
һͷԶԣôС䣬ǽȥ˵
˽ãĻ˼мֶ̿Ȳ
ӣߴЩ簮ԵĲˣǰ÷
ǣūȥ
˳ȥıӰ˵ѾͷչӦúɣ
һȲ裬ͷĺء
˵ˣҳŸ絹Ǳ֮ǰ˲٣Ƿ̫Եʣ
ʣӾвģ˲پպｫҲûö
ЦЦΪһȲ裬üʵӱǷ¶ޣ˲ٵĿͷȿڲůůӡ
豭һ޷Ƕ˼Ͽࣿ
ԭԷ˪ƣ֮ɫһڱس˲ٵĿȴһֲᡣ
Լİɣ
ãոȥףǱǻּ⡢екԵʣ²豭Ȳʵ
üĿʵû˵𣿡
ҡҡͷʵ⻰Īʲô飿
մӱ֪ϴͻΪأΪڶٻ¼֮Ů֮ѡҡ
⡭˻ϴͻ顣赭˵
ʲô޸⡢ⲻǳϲ𣿡üĽ
ĵ˵ͷ
ܳɣ⡢ٻ¼δĹ࣬ôѡã
ҲɡԵɫ䡣
մѳ޸Ǳϲ֮ӲһٵĻʱûеãֻУǡҪģü˵
һ£е˶ȴûκ˸ǰ
˹ȻǲԸҲǲҡ
Ψ
Ψ궼δĸ磬ԶֱԲ䣬ûһ˿һ
һмЦЦ˵Ī黹ûеĵز
УҪȥҸף㣬ϾŮһվŤͷҪߡ
һæڽе磡
Ӷ˶٣æߵǰĵĪðѻ˵ꡣ
һŭ˫гӯź֮ɫѽյ˼㡣
磬ʥּ£תءʱȥҸףôֳס½ǣ˵
γ֪˵ʵ飬ΨһüҪȥǰı᣿
ˣǻƴˣ
ѪӿȻãӰɣ
豻⻰һʵ磬˵ʲô
˵һߣӻ飡뿪뿪ָ뿪ԶԶģ ҧ˵
磬ּ֪֪ӻʲô³ĬƬ̣Щ΢ķ
ӣ壡
粻£
ʲôµģ˵꣬ü˵Ī£ƾֵʶܱ
⸮еأˣ⸮˿һˡ
ԣЦһ˾ͻˣ⸮︸׵δйãС˺ģѻ
½ӺСӲʲôöΪãЩ˵ҿɹ˲ˣ
ھ꣬ÿ춼ŵͷѪӣˣʱͷϣ֮ϵɱ֪ɢ˲
Щ˹Ȼϧɸأھкò˴õǰ;ǿּӻ飬ɾͳͨҪӴǰ;٣
ͷĳ˳˵ã֮ȥӾΪֳһճͷؿɻȫ
磬ֶ֮꣬ǾָϵģٲƾԼǰ̣ڸлڷҿ¶ļѡ
ǲˣ֪޸·һﻹ˵ʲôǰ̣
ɫͻɫȴǾɫͫԼԲ԰ȴ䶯ݵ
ΪãϧָүȥӾΪǰùЩ˵⽣Ӱ֮⡣
ҲΪԺԥķ֮ǰеŬδõǰ̣Ըһ˼ġ
ѪŨˮɡ
Ϊ˱˴˷ӵеһУԥϧ
⼸ߵ˺լĶթǸ˲¹ͷľޣָѱɴ
˵⸮Уںã֮Ҳ֮˽ȴԶԶ֮ϡ
ϣΨһһ⣬ޱ
ߣ֮ԵСɰкɵĻϡ

 45 


費ɵʪۿǿһĨЦ, , лл㡣
Լã˵ʲôлл, ֻҪԸ⣬ҽʹ뿪˵
ҡҡͷ, ն˵磬費Ը뿪
һ, ЩĿǰ, ʵΪʲô֪޸ܾ·һ, ΪβԸ͸һ뿪
˵ԣ޸Ȼǰ;δ, Ҳпܻһ͵˵
ʲô
һܹôӴ˰ָĻһһ˵
, ü, ĿתĿ, ֮˵, ƺǰͬˡ
Щĵͷ, Ƭ̼ʰһЦʵǺ⣿
ã㳤ˣ֪۸ˡĸ磬ҲĿԼ뱲ӵҸȥҵǰ, 㶮𣿡Ħͷϵĺڷ˵
˵跽ŰһЦ磬ôҲȫǸ磬ҲΪԼ
޸Щðգɸϸ룬½һıԣɻѰʵķң
ϵҡͷȻᡣ
Խϣ˵ϣεĻðһ
ǱδʱҾ͵ıԱȨƣӴڴѵĹϣ˭ָҶò
֮İȥʱӳҲ١
ҡͷУԶڱϢͱһǻ
΢΢˳ǣü˵ԣи֮룬ܹȫ
ʲôȫȫģֻҪÿڣĪвӵġ
ãǾĪҪٻرȥˣ
⻰Ƭ̣ԥʵõ˼ҪҴǹ٣
⵹ǲѣɾǲףһر뽫ſɣҪʱ֮˾ſɰһһȥҪ֮ãǱ
ˡĻ˵ӥЧԸ
ãǸ粻ԸǹʦľӢڱЩ٣ھиϾ¡˵Ϊѵҡҡͷ
ֻҪԸ⣬ȥ졣˵
üҪȥǱ𣿡
ԣЦҡͷģڳ֮ǰܰס
һ֮ɫ˵磬֮ǰͬˣҾͺá
˵ƶ仹ǣɲ֪Ϊȴǵͷã㣡
ǸͰڸоɡЦ
ù緹סŷԸѩ¡
ҪȥĶѩʵ
еĵǣ貢δͷžеԼǣ֮վǰȻҪȥǸ˵𡣡
ѩ򴽵Ҫȥģ
뿪֮ǰұҪټһ档üл㺮â

ˣĿðѩ裬ǲƮɢѩҪϼ֡
վУֱԵף븸顣
˵ü˵
軷ܣ׺βң
΢˼Ƭ֮˻֣źʹӵ˷Ը׷Ȼ˳ȥ
Ȼˣ赼Ůøӥȥְ̫ߣƷӡ
䣬ľſڴƻƣⲻܣ
ɫģֻɭɭĿģЦ
Ϊ첻ˣĬƬ֮˵
֮ǰòŮͻᡭָڣȮЦ˵
ӣĿ裬вңвף
ָ߸ĸʲôôҪƴƲ𣿡˵
ڸ˵Ů˵ȴδػƣ
ףŮԾڴˡ׼˵꣬赭˸
λӦתȥߵúȣģڻ԰ͥ
ԭΪ㡣󣬴ĵͳ
貢δֹЦ𣿡
ߣ㱾Ůӣֻǲص̫ã̫˲ò㡣
ԣЦҲ䡣
ҹԹߵʱ͵һӸָСʮֵĻϲ
ٳʱӸ˲ϸֳɵЦбеϲü۽ЦӶɵۡ
öûЦˣū澳ǱʲôϲЦ˵
һֻӵŮӳõĿʽΪͬʹֿء
ϸϸֻֿͨ͸пա
ӵڲͬЦ
ŴЦֻҪү͵ģﶼ˵ã֮ǰЩ˹ģСƣݣȶūϸš
δΫݵǣЩү͹СװءūĥүҪǼȥԺɾͲءӴȤ
ֽ뷢٣üʵÿ𣿡
ÿү۹ãӺܳĹԵ޵
红ͯգգ۾ЦҾҲǡ˵ţɨڽĻᣬ̲סüǰɣ羹˻Ӹң
ֽǼùǰҲ̲סЦүùﵱӳţЩСϲġ
һЦӣҸ絹֪֮డ
һ軰е٩ζ˫糺죬Ʋū澡ūֻǡ
ֻʲôĪĶҸ˼
ӵո˼֣æİֵĪҪ˵ȥԡүá
Ķб˰ģҡĻû˵꣬Ӿæ˵ūȥЩƷ
ӼܳãЦúϲ£죬ѾͷҪĶԸ⣬Ҳ
ֻǣ֪Ƿϲӣ
ЦЦϵĻӣ

֮󣬱˵ӥеĽЧְƷ١
ΰӵܲ룬οƷ١
ҲѹԱֻ֮ôдΡ
ã⡢㵽ʲôŵһһĿӡǣ˼ʵ
ΪһģЦʵҲûʲôֻһõ˶ѡ
Ѿͷ͸ˣ˵⵽ô£ʵ
еģ跴Ƶָڴһ㣬Ի˵
Լִⲻ˵֪ûа취ִֻ̾ⲻ˵ǸͲˡ
ֻһ㣬򲻿Ϊ˸ίԸ
ие΢΢ů⣬ЦģòŲίԼء                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰɵĻϡ

 46 

ǵѾ˺üѩ, ۿԪֻʣһ, ҹѩȴëƮϢһҹ
ɫѩϺһ, ôѵǣԵ쳣䡣
΢, Ԫѩֹ
ӣһ, ̫һ, ӭ׶ͺƺƵĴӱг
˵Ķžǵʮٵ, ƺƵнھУԭʯ̾͵ĹٵϵĻѩѱūʹɨĸɸɾ, ˺ɫĳС
;ٵǵ̻סլ¶˴ɫĳ, ĸǰҲûзŹ
ԶԶȥͬɫĲ, ѵչ˾еÿһ䡣
˵ӭ׶ô, һźļױ, ӲΧ۵İտɵۡ
׶ǰһƥͨΪɫĸͷ, ͷ㶼Ժ
ϵﴩźɫǰó˿צǽϸ֮Ŀ, ǺʯǶС
⣬ŵǴɫĴ멣źɫߣǴڵɫҲʲôƣóճص߿ޱȹ
찡ȻӭˣΧ۵İռǰӣ׷׾һɧ
ȺеһߵʵףȻҪȥӭȢʲôֵþȵģ
Ʋɣ⻰Ǹǲðɣ
ɬĵͷȷ֮ǰŵǣ̨ε֪
ӣ㲻ǾˣȻ֪ǱΪһѱʮ֮ǰһεûϴͻ֮ʱ׼ҵżûȥһء
֮ǰɰĳŮҲ֣ɵӭ׵ȴֻǱĹܼңҵǴͷβⱱѹûȥɰӭס
ӼԣҲ£˵Ǳҵı֮ǰ˵磬һֱڳԺȵɽ亣ζǶѻɽӦоС
±ôˣ
ɴ۾ʵôţ
һϣ涼û¶к˵ľֻܼҶѡ
ˣ겻⣬ʵ
ʲôƽͷտ֪ģɰĵŮ޹ȥվͳ˷踾⵹ǧȷ
˵̲סԶϵǸӣ૵޿˵زĪⱱɷ·ɣ
˱⻰һܵ˶ڿ֣δע⵽˵Ļ
קѹ˵컯֮£ű£ô˴󵨣Īǲˣ
δ𻰣ӵ˳ǰȥߵֹϾɵӣǻ
Ƭֱ̣漸䣬ȴѲӰ
̾˿̧ԶʱܵĽѾǰۿİգҲѾߵԶˡ
ǰɲᶼ᲻ã˵䣬겻мüЦһȺƬ֮ʧ˺֮С

贩ŴɫϲŻӵķڣڱеҪ࣬մϵʱҪѹϲӵĸо
ϲ˵ʮﲻҹϹ²ɣɫĽ߹޳ɷչͼ
ݴѹĹأʺʱϲý˷ͼʱչͼһֻڳմš
ϲ俴ۼʶĿΪ˴ߵĹϵǷҼΪء
ϲϷڣѹü͸
պѾõ裬Ŀ˵
Ҳѹִʱ˾ƽＸʩֻۣ֬ͿЩյϸۡ
ޣӿó˻˴ʱΪ˸ȶׯֲʧ޵ĵױ
ױʤէ֮ĵӺݴϸȴ͸˿˿ޣ豾ǣװѾɷ磬ȻЩȡ
ƳһۣСӣô㲻˵ǹǲģ
ƤͷԶԣǹʣ֮ˣնġ
ӭ׵ĶҪˣҲ׼ˡʱѩ˵
˵ͷ˿ϵϲһ˵ãҴϰɡ
ѩǰֽϵϲУչ֮Ľ֮ڷ֮ϡ
Ķ˵Ī£ūء
ͷϲֻ֮˫ҵķ֮أ꣬֡
æֱۣȵĴֱϣ˵߰ɡ
ָã½Լ˶Ѿڴ˵ȴָſֹס֮ʱӭڸǰС˱ѾҴҵܽá
ү˴˻˵ǲδ⸮žͲˡ
˻˵ΪԻ󣬱ҪүʹԽ͵ϲϡ
ԣ½ӵ˲ͱɫȴֻǳ˳ϵЦȴ˿δ֪ˣȥˣ뱱ԵƬ̡
СӦһҴȥˣ½קקĵ½ǣˣⱱǺ⣿
бһۣߵЦ⻯һĨЦ⣿Ӳú롣˵꣬˶䣬ҲҲ½ק½ǵ֡
½ɫһȴֲõڷֻǿЦŷԸȥ
һֱվ踩״ǣӡ
ӵֱۣԼСԺ߳ɻתţլʯ·һֱߵá
·ϣеū澼ʱڵؿ˵šϲ
߱ϲţֻܿԼ˫ʯ·ϣҲǸп
֮Ͳָܳñ
ټ棬⸮а׺½ڵˣҪһ
ͷͷƺȼһŻеѪҺֱڡ
ںͷΣȴ⿴ЩԼĪСˣжٲʣҲòµӡ
һϣȻЩмǸδıı
λүΪԭȢϾģлĻҪ뷨ӻǡ
ǰ½Ӳδϸ˫˫վǰĬ
費֪Ǻ⣬ֻͣվϡ
̧ۿ֪ǴϲЩۣǱʲôԵʣֻһɿŲӡ
裬ڸȺΪĸȥĵĿ˵
ߣºԵСɰкϡŵӸ֣Сɰ׷ɡ

 47 

һմѹɻĹ, ǰߵݸĸ֮, ϲǰ죬һ·ߵϲΡ
Խǹٻ˼, ⷽԽǽһ˿һҲ, ȴʡȥߵ˫һ˵ĻҪ½һͬ, Ǻε
, סɻ, ȴԣֻһ䡣
ߵݸĸ, ⵱Ȼ⣬ֺαضԣ
½һһվ, ϲҲⷬŵùǺ, Щ, ֱǰеĺҪץˡ
ϲ˵, ĵ˵ͷ˳ֽǺһġ
һ·, ֻ;ʹǹصص˷಻ϡ
ָʱųߵǰʱԸо½ӽŲĳɡ
֪ż֮һأǰ·δ֪, ʱף۵ǽǰ̶̻Ѩֻһ·ߡ
½ӿԳɣĿԳɣκ˶Գɣܡ
ص֮΢˻֪ǰ棬
һָż
Ľڸһ̣ٴ𣬺ǣһԶϲȥÿһָԶһ
½벽ȴҲδͣһֱͽ˽ڡ
ϲŽ죬Ρ
£׳ϲȵĿڼͷϵıһԲӸµĿվϲԵ½ӣ˶
תͷűķȥ
½վԭأۼƺƵӭ׶ʧڽֽǣɫ
ˣⱱǲô񲻽ӭףѱˣ½ʵ
ĳĬ½ӽ˵ұϾĸ£⡢ڰնڿţԺָҪţ
ڱǰбҪ𣿡б½һۣ˵
½ɫһ䣬ֻĳ˵ֻ´ӽ쿪ʼ£ο棡˵꣬½ηӦת߽˸š
½Լҷǰ˸ûȤƺƣգɶֻܺݺݵض˶ŵģƬ֮Ҳתָ߽Ĵš

ӭ׵Ķһ·ǹ죬ַǷָĸ̫ۡԶľ룬һʱꡣ
оϲأŲʱ㱻չأűӦǱˡ
ֻǸϲģֻԼԼǰͣһ˫ý˿ͼĺɫƤѥ
ϲакɫĳбǣһͷ̤ŻĹ˫Ƥѥһľż
ߵؾʱ踩ڵأֻԵĹŵƺ͵͵ЦһУȴƺЩϤ
΢΢ͷȥϲıԵ͵͵һۣȴֻ˵һƬ½ǣ١ϡ֮£˷
õ·輸һĹ򣬿ɼ֮ǲͬѰ
ò߽·ӷϲϣв˹򵹵žլū澹»ϲ
΢΢֣˵͡
ūл͡˵л֮׷˳·
ūլĹ£ԺūһӼɡվµһ˵
ǫˣҳէܶ鲻Ժ뽯費ߴͽ̲ǡ˵
ңҡǱµԺǵӣūȻ֪޲޲
˵˶٣Ƭ֮˵ǴѵĹأϲʱҹʱ֣үԻ·Ⱥơ
˵ͷá
䣬ӱӻóɫĽкɰǰݵ˽Ľһ裬Ϊ׼ġ
ͷһĺɰҲƴǣǸлʹ͡
߳·æߵ·ſţ¶ţʹ˸ɫ
Ÿ˵˶ˡ
ԣ־ͳڷϵϲƻˡ
ӱһģææŵĽϲϣЦõ˵ʹãϲҪڶҹʱɱֽҿС
ƵĺܡվȽֶ˶첲Թ治ģŪ۵Ҫ
ӿЦոǽ費˵ˣչعҪϲʱأôˣ
ӣҹʲôʱչذ£˵һ춼ûôԺȣҶҪˡ
˵ţſĴЦģūţ׼˷ֹ֡
СӣúÿšӵһۣЦ
۵ļ򣬶ӻֵҰˡ
ϲѲãүˣ⡢ɾ̫ʧˡһҡͷһΪѵ˵
˵Ѿѣͳͳˣ˵
ֲֻ֪ùææ˰֮󣬲ŽͷϵķԼϲѵ
ظŤŤӣЦȻЩµ֮ˡ
ȴΪ˵⡢ƻûȾϲϲ⡢ɳɺͳ
ʲôͳͳģԺﶼҪģҹܣ˵ʲôͳʲôͳԭǰЦе˵
ӱⷬһָʱǲΪӪһӣҴСĽĺܣոսǺȻһƵġ
ϵĵĿŲü˵
ԣüøߵǰСѵϵĳʳҪүһͬõġ
үһãҪˣӣҡͷ
Σֻôӻͳһ۽Ʒԣȷ֮󷽲Ŷ˵ǹʹպЩ۽档
ģƣˣŵ뿴ͦóԵҲҪ߳Ա˵
ū澡ֻԴ˽еĳʳ԰һ顣
гʳ֮Էſ˳Ժȣȫûпϵĳܲ
Ժһ󣬼ԵĲˣӲſʵūо仰֪
ǲʣôȻָʱͬˣĨĨǣЦŷʵ
ĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ʵС軰û˵꣬ȻҴҵĽеˣˣǱˣ
ɫ䣬Ķŵⲻǻûеʱô͹ˣ⡢Ǻã
赹ǲЦЦ԰ꡣ
졢ϲˣūȸϷڣвУˡ⡢ȰϲϰɡĻңҲû֮ǰ·
תӣЦʲôʹվſڣ¼ɡ
䣬Ѿɿ˹ɫŵ˵ˡ
Ȼˣɡ治ɫ˵
Ӻʹһۣ˴оһƬңǵķԸҲֻ˫˫Ӧһ
ȥ˷ţһ漴·֮С
˶ȳƣŴɫϲϵԽ˿ߵĺɫںڵĳȫɷٹһӹ̶ͷ
紫԰źɫߣ沼˽ɫĹ·ӳ£졣
վǰ岽ĵطһ˫ںڵ۾գҲգĶһԲ                        
ߣӸϡ֮ԵСɰкϡֶСɰǧ

 48 

Ҳܻ䣬üվԼǰ, Ц, ƺδλ˵еı
Ϊβ񣿡ĬƬ֮󣬱ڿ˵
, ߵǰӺʹԸǶ°ɡ
ӺʹƬ̣ɫƶ, ֻܸū澸ˡ
תʱ򣬱Ѳ֪ʱԲǰ, ɡͷҲ̧˵
߹ǰ, δھ˵, ҴӴԺǷ򸾣Ӳ, ԺҪˡ
ŶүӲ, ޷, ˾Сһ˵, һǰĽס
һ, üʲô˾У
үˣΪ޹ϲ, ҪΪүᣬԣȻϣүϲźáЦЦ¶һıݡ
үչ, ǰⱭƣҲ򸾣ƣǺȻǲأ
ɨһǰĽףȻЦû´ĻǱҩɣ
Цһлһ˿ʣüʵүǲҺȣǲԸȣ
׻˵ĺã޲ʷ˫Ϭһ֮ͨǰδı棬ʹȻʶƵҲܽΪ򸾡
νƽ˼Ż˼㺦˼
δ˵꣬Ȼڵ˵˻
ң㡢á˵㻹ȻԵӴԺúദΪΣ
˵һЦʵǲԸأ
㲻Ը⣿Ȼᵽʵ
ü˵үԸɣƶȣ˵ʲôԵûԵĻĪںҲɣ
ױڴĨҩˣҪ㣿
ҡͷ
үĲȣ΢Цȴֺ
ȲãȲá㡢Ҫʲôո˵꣬ͼЩԾʵ
ЦӯӯӷժһΣڼԶձȻţүȣҿ¾Ҫѵˡ
㡢ĪҪıɱ׷򣿡ǽֵӼԼĺԽԽЩ
ЦŨүˣҿûҪүֻǾүȻӲãǲú˯ϼүӿ޺
ү㻹ǹԹĺãϵĶָĵʱƵģѪ֣һСĴүƤǿɾͲˡеӣƵǽǡ
ʿˮ߶ǽӰ룬С˵ĪҪļһ𣬱ͬǡ
ü˼үͨǾɡ
ԲķŲ˼ֻϵĽףƺҲ˹ȥɿתȾſڵķȥ
ּۿ죬̧һô˱ϥ
һˤڵأûѾһصĲıϵģǵүǾƲԣԷư
źãԽԽһݺݵģȻҽһʦ֣ٲҪɱˣ
ԣһ𣬻δع˵Ҫˡ
ȥһͬߵӾ֪Բ֮
ΪǣŴſڵϵıһģһҲ޷ֱ
ĳ̫ˣҪҵ˰ڵϵӳʧƬ̣ɲһʱĽ˳ȥ
ϵĻҳ˵Ҿ֪ȻҪù
ӣȴƤûһˡӵ˵
ãӦ䣬ûˣϵµ˵
һһ䣬ʵ㲻Ǳ˵꣬תԲķӳǣ
ҲûȢôĳŮˣҪյıŪȥСû˵
˼Ƭ̣кȻһǹҽ
ӴҵĴºŶ֪Ȼ˹޵ֽҿ˴ϵĺɫߡ¶һӡ
Ǹʮ꣬ƤüĿ㣬ǸſĶɡ
ְһӣֵʦ֣ʦɩⶴһֵǧʦܾͲλˣǡ
˵תߣȴٽĵطͣס˽Ų˵ʦɩȻⶴҹϲ£ʦܻҪȰһ䣬̫ˡ
˵꣬ǽŵĨͣһ̾ʧ֮С
ʧķһֻۣ˵ӣ
ǹ񲻾ǡڵķ򣬷ϵߣϬ䡣
ƺҪ͸߿ںǷԼеǸˡ
ɫǰ£ſ˵ƣͬ
ҽԲ飬ж˻˯ҹҲѲ֡迴ߺ˫һһ˵
Цģ֪ԼҷӲãŷѾ˼ñúЪϢգӵⷬ⣬ܹ
ưչأȷҪͬϵźɫĳУʱźԢ͵Ե֡
Ѿ˽ףзҲֽ׾𣬡ˣұүͬ˱
뿴ⱱҪơ
û뵽ǣɵֽϵժ
ӵһ̣Ѿ׼Ļ̲סݺݵľ
³Ȼ㣡Ŀűֱһ
裬δ£¶ľ³ſǳ
ҹĻڵ˫дһ˿Ц⣬΢ɫ̹ȻƺֻþδֿѴк
赭ĿĬƬ֮󿪿ʵôҸγƺ㣿£³
Σ³üЦ
ԣĺԾΪ֮һϣɵĶ۾ü֣
ӣҿǻϴͻ飬ĸ֮ý֮ԣױƸһ١
ոֵôǰأ˵ѾΪޣĪӻڻ鲻ɣ³˵
ü˵ɱϣ̸Цȡӣȴδӵһʱ֮侹Щ֪
һһӡģüĿ֮͸ᣬ»Ķһ㡣
ˣװʲôģ
ӣƻûءĬ³תתеĽס
Ǳʵ
³ЦЦٰ
˵㳤ᣬޱȣ
Ļ³ЦŨ˼֣̽ʵӣֻΪò̫Щ֪ŮƤľҡ
Ϊǲ䷳ΪʡȥЩ鷳ѲմߣӿĪҪźá

аȴҲ֪³Ը˵飬Ǿʲġ
ҿ㲢ǲӵӣΪҪȢ׳ϲ˼Ƭ̣ʵ
ԣ³̾һü֪ΪǰЩӲСȷʵǲͶ
ֲΪôˣĻѡһ֮Ů޹Ϊϲ
֪ྐྵȻѡӣΪһˣ˾ɫ
ɴ˿ɼΪ֮ϣ
⻰Ȼʵм١
ƲƲ꣬ãүΪζҪȢң
ҶһģӲȢ³˼Ĵ                        
ߣǧʼСɰЦɡ֮ԵСɰġ

 49 

֪˴ʱ˵δ룬ĻĪĿ
΢΢ͷ, ǿ԰סеĻ, Ӳ³˲ʧ
ӣⳤҹ, 룬ǺƾЩ˰ɣ³Ц
һ, ȻЩûӺѩĽ顣
뺮ѩҪЩΪҩ, ΪҪáϼ, Ҳǲ, ֮ϼҲ˵Ļɡ
ڱԵʱݶֲЩԼ, ⱱֻҪҩάŲɡ
ʱ, ǻо, Ǳ, ͬ, УǾֻزȥˡ
Ҳû뵽, ⱱȻ³
ʶ³ı£Ҳ³ĻֶΣʱǶ֡
³֮ԷôȢΪΪһ仰ӲΪгϲ
뵽һμʱ, ³ҹָʱδΣɺ鶼֤³ĳ֣żȻ
ַҪȢԼΪĻԵɣʱɵ㷡
ȻԼ·վ±ϣǰÿһԨܵһСľͻøٲ³
֪ˣƴ˼ģҲܱɼҪǿöࡣ
ϧʱȻû·
үҡոտڣͱ³ϵӣҪз
贽΢ίʵЩвڣڵԺһǽ³Σ
˽Ҳδɣǰ¾Ͳ̫ˡ³˵š
ǰͽүæ˵
³΢УЦӵġ
ݺݵһۣŽ˵³֪Ĵ㣬ȻҲҪ顣
ȻѾã˵Ѿˡ˷ޣǱ㻥û֡
˵˴˶٣³üۺЦûзԵ˿ҵˣҲٵæҶǸм
õңҲֱ˵ֻҪģزѡ
³ü΢ĺϸĹâ˷ֻЦӣΪʱһ·ȥɡ
£򴽣ʵ
Ⱥơ·Ӳɣ³ЦŻ˻Ľס
Ϊ³˵Ҫ鶨ʮֵļѣҼпָйأȴЩԼĶ䡣
³ʵҪģǺȾƣ
ӣƿҪһż³˵
һֶǰĽףüá
˶һۣͬʱеľһ
³еĽףǣӣⴺһֵǧҲðˡ
ûӦϲӣֱڵĴϡ
ӻĪҪΪ£³ڴϣ֧Դü˵
ҧҧҡڡܣ·ȻݻȴûС
ϴȥ˯ֻ˯ذһ·ˡ
ǲǹģ
򴽣ֻ֮ߵ˵һӣҾǡ
û˵꣬䲻ȴֹסһֻ˫ڿնԽ³֮ķϲڲࡣ
³Ķʵ̫죬쵽û˿Ӧأͷ˿ƺûлζ֡
ӣǵ䣬˯ذΪ۵ġ³֧ͷ˵źһ
ӣҧСЩ˯ʱɲ̫ʵ
³һ漴ЦΪӹȻͨЩ̫ɱӲźá
һ˵һ̯ƣװ׵֧ϵãǸոջԼϵġ
ˣʵ̫
򴽵ʱˣҡҪ˯ˣ˵ţ³˳ֽԼ˸ʵ
һЦڶУȴһȻʵҰõǸˣ㣿
˵ʲôΪΪӭȢӿ˸ͷαǣôܼˣ³˵
跭۾ʵҲĺ½ҳţ
Ȼ³
ԭֲ֮ǰ谴չߵ½ӡ
ֲþˣᵱ˵ǰ𽵹š
ڱǰݵ˵һ֣
Ȼʱϲ½ӵɫҲȻѿҪ
뵽費ɵô¶Ц⡣
лл㡣³۾Ե˵
ȢΪʲôĿģʱΪԼһУĴмһֱ
³Ȼüɫ˵ӺαлӼסӽԺߵݵľֻлϺͻʺ󣬡
ˡǹеЩɣӵĸ㶼ٰݡ
ǺЦҲ˵ϸǷ֮˵Щ强ģ
ȴ֪⻰ķ
ڸӽٳ빲Ȩ㳯Ұıͬ١
ۼɱ˲գۣ´ԼҲָ֪ˣЩֶΣӦ֪Ǵ֮ѵͲ
㲻£迴˫ʵ
ΪҪ£³Цŷʵ
΢УŴ˵ҿɲʲôׯǧС㣬ӲƵŮӡ
һŮߣеһȨٳ裬ʱվˣͲģ
ӣҼȳ˷ޣǾһ·ϵˣ빲Ե֣ΪҪģĪĴıɱ׷򲻳ɣ³˵
˵ΪҲ֮ҷðֱ֮ϡ
׻˵ĺã˲ܻľãҷ򸾾ǻеĻһ֮ػóþõġ
⻰Ȼ٣ô;еŤء
Щһˡ迴³üϤĨʱڴЦҲδ˿仯
˫ýȥɫŨīżϸâɷǺÿ
ﲻһأ
ҲɱʱĮ˼ƤºֻͣʱϢȥ˼˼͸ζ
ָоЩ㱣Щֲ嵽ǸɱϣĹǲǰˡ
ǷΪˣ³ЦĻ΢΢¾Եȱ
ڿһҲɵʧ֮ŻعüĲˡ
ӣе졣
ǡΪ̫ˡ
ȣΪλҪűӣ
Ҫܣ
˵ĶԻҧгݣ³üǳЦ֮С
跭ȥֻԹԵĿǽϱӰصһӰӣþò
ʱӴȵĺ
ĵתȥ³Ѿ˯ˣţ˯ĹϵüΪͣĴȴɺżֵЦ⡣
ȻЩ
ո˵Щںƭǳģ
Ʊ䣬Դӵ֮󣬿̫Ľթ˶˶¶౧ʮֵķ
³ˣΣգκ˶ҪΣա
ȴδκ˺飬ѩС۶ֻΪָܸΪԼһϯ֮ء
Ļֶζ棬ɱָ߾Ҳ棬δӺҲ档
³ĸǷˣ
Ϊʧʱ³Ȼ˶Ľַ䡣                        
ߣ֮кܳһճϣôôաϹأ֮ԵСɰġ

 50 

סüȴ³ƺ˯, ṴסҲû˽һľٶ
Ƭ, ǰֻΣ޷Ӧ, ˯֮У˿, ڻΪԼĴСֶȻʧЦ
̫
һˣ˭ܹ̩Ȼ֮أ
ֽ³ַŻش, һ˯е, תȥ
ɾת˲, ֮ǰڡ˯е³Ȼĵӡ
΢΢ţգҲգĿӰ, ûѵ£ɫϲõ൱, ճԼӯһյ
ӡ
ȴ֪Լܽʶе˳ڡ
ŽڳٳߵŮ, ü֮䲻֪Ⱦ˼ֵȻȴЦ⡣

ʱȻ, ⲢҪ, ҪﾹȻһˣ
յǣ˾, ʱ˿һ˫ڵĴӯӯЦӿ
ûе㲻ȷԼǲΡ
תת飬ϤϲɫĴᣣܸоȵĺһһµɨü䡣
ɴ۾, ֱӵͽʵʵ΢΢дӲָо൱
ӱ𶯡ֱ˵ͳͷڿȷԼΡ
ˣʱӵŵˣϵķ³
΢΢ͷϿȥһ˫īںЦӣһղɵЩ̡
³ʱɫȴˬʣֽӵУ˵벻Ӿ
ǣΪΪҹ̫䣬̫䡣æĴѣ˵
³Ҳǲӣ֧ԴЦŶôʵ䣿
㿪Щ˵⣬޲ֶסĴǸӣ̫̫
ŶԭˣǽӿҪǵûһıӲС˵꣬΢ΪҲͦġ

һŰһӴȥתһ̫ãģҲû£ա
ãҪȥ³ڴϣ˿ûҪ˼ֻܿ˵
³ӣ࣬˯һˣ
ԣ̲סĥĥԵÿ
ƺЩŭ³򴽣ֻķ´ӣȻǵǰΣ
貢𻰣תȥʵĪǲϲû˵꣬ͼָϲʵʲô
³ָķɨһۣɫĴϱȾһƬɫӡӣ˳ӣѪ
˭ģɫ˼֡
³ַΪѵĴǡΪġ
ԣͫ΢ü³·
ӣǬĲðɣ³תЦЩǿ
Ѿѣֳ¼֡
³εıȥֽ»ˣĵĴһɫıȻѪսѪһƬ
費³΢΢ͷȥ˵ʵΪ򡭡
ѣ赭³һδ˵Ļ
³ֻһˣ¶˱Ѫս͸İɫ
迴ʱ̲סһ
ֻıϣһѪ۴Ҽʼбһֱ쵽λá
һıһΪ
軺´վ³ıϸǵ˺ۣýˣŵ˿ɢĵѪҩζ
ǵã½˵ն³뿪֮ϮɥȪ
벻ʱôã˺۾Ȼûϣ
ʱ˵ļأ󵽱֮µ˿ڶޱȡ
Ϊ𺳵ǣȥ˺֮⣬³ıֺܶСС˺ۣЩѵˣЩ״ȴȻĿ
ϸ֮£СС˺۾ʮ֮ࡣ
˵׾ЩʲôΪʲôΪѹĻ壬˺
ָ⣬Ĵǵδϵ˺ۣܵ³ļһŲָ⣬̫ģ
³δͷ
˵֮תͷīɫһ˿ѪɫüǱϴ˶Ѫ֡
һϸ룬½зӣ
УֻⶾԵǶʱ֮ڿԳġ³˵ȻЦʣڵΪ𣿡
ͷûӳģʱϹЮżֲ԰ײݣҲֲһֱڴϣԭ˵ء
̫̾˸֣΢УԵ
³̫˴λк֣賿ʱ־Ϋݳİ֮˻׼ʱʦܣƵõֺ
ԣüĽ
¥һ֮³ҹ뿪ΫݣϮ賿ʱ֣֮ʣʱͻϮʱ
Щ̵̫Ĵ̿ˣʵ
³Цһü価֮ɫˡ
򵥵֣оǳ֮սĲң̫ʮֵ³ˣһսľճ̶ȿ·ǳ
ϧ̾˿
̫ε֪ڶ¥һ֮ҹǣε֪һ·ε֪᳹ҹϮǰ֣˾׼
ÿһ⣬³ɫ֡
˻ڣˡ
ԣ³һЦΪΪ龫ǣΪǸм
˵賶˳ǣ˵㲻ΪҲᡣ
ƫƫ̫࣬벻ͦѵġ
ʱ٩³ŭϲֻЦӷģΪ򱾾Ȣ֮󣬿ɸ᲻ˡ
˵æ˵һѪô죿˿ǿɲá
˵Ǿ鷳ӷΪҩΣ³Ц˵
Ҳϻֱ̯˵
³һСʣҪʲô
ҩ࣬ɾĳҪҩ𣿡üʵ
ŶԣҩԶԣҩ³ͷǳЦкһ˿ҡ
ϲԱߵĺľ˫Źȡҩϻ֮³ſڴϣһĵΪҩ
Ǿ֣Ѫս͸ı¶˺ۡ
ֺȣһ˿ɣֱøɾĳ񲼽˿ڸѪĨȥ
ʰɾ֮ͫײɵһ˺۱иɲ˿ϳֳںɫҼǽϵļ
˿ļϱķ֮࡭³˵ʱǸʲô龰
ɫҩСĺɫĩͿ˿Ͼͺá³ſ˵
áס񣬾Լƽ
ҩãˢһһ˿ͿţÿĨһ£Ŀ³˿ڴļڲסĶš
۰ɣʡ
䣬ͼ³ı˽ֻá
ƭˡһ䡣
˳ģˣôֻǻã
ݵĳĬ֮³Ȼڵʵеۡ
ߣ֮ԵСɰġ

 51 

ϸĽҩȵĨãϸϸð׳ӹ, һж֮, ظһ
³ڴϣӿЦ, ģЩǷᡣ
ǿƲᣬԼ²ôõԡ
, ˯һ³˵
ˡ۾˵
³Ʋ죬´, ֽϵ´, ֮˵Ӳ˯, Ϊ÷Ը˽Ϊϴװɺã
Ҳáͷ˵
³ЦЦȴʲôƵ, յǰʵΪԶΪӸҲǿԵġ
ˣ³ڳٳߵĿ, Ե
ҪЩ, Ϊһš³գգ۾, ˵, ߳˷䡣
迴뿪ıӰĬĬҡҡͷ
, ǰ˺ף治̵֪̫ЩͷɵĹ˽ﾹУΣ
»Ѫɡ
ֶ̫ζ, Ȼ³³˴ҲҪ³
аֶ̲³Ϊ
ңΪǵǡ³߿̵̫ϸֶĻᱻ̫׵֪
˴ͻϮδɹҲ³ˣҿոյɫϸӦûδҵ
ϸһδ³һղð

һ̧ͷʱȴӺͺѩȻվǰ
ɫãɷʲô£ѩӣʵ
ŶûʲôġЦ
ѩüū澼ģǷū澸ҩ˲ӣ
򴽣Ȼȥʰϲ죬뺮ѩߵһԵ˵ѩԺ󲻿ٶԱ֣𣿡
Ǻ⣿ѩһʵ
³ǱȻδߺѩȻѾ֪뱱һˣڵõ³֮ǰȻǲܽ¸κˡ
ѩֻ˵˵֮뱱ԼԺ֣Ӻ
ѩƬ̣Ŀ裬ƺЩֻһҹʱ˵˱
⻰׿˵ԼЩԼƶ
ڲ֪֮УȻ³
ѩδ𻰣ӷһ˷ɿĶһۣͬʱڵķȥ
ôˣվϲɫ԰ף輱ʵ
ӿͺѩòŵϲָָ߶µ˵СѪ
ѩ˳ָķȥɫĴһƬǺɫѪա
⡭ſ裬ʵ
Ҳһһʱ֮侹֪οڡ
³һ˵ģⴲѪգ⣬ίʵý͡
ԥģѩƺʲôж˼־ȡ
үǷ񡭡ѩĻû˵꣬վһԵӺȻγѵĿ衣
ֻɴ۾ǺүĻЩ˼ֻǺָ˸˫ɶԵ״
豻⻰ʵһϣӼæ˵ԲԣԺܽйˣҪ
ѩſ˿ӣֿһݵģ뵽ո˵һԻлЩɻ󣬿ȴ˼֡
ūǸȥ׼ԡѩ
ԭأδüӦԣ˵ūȥ׼ɾĻϴ
ѾߴҴܳ˷ţҲֻп˵
̲ס̾˿ж³һԹҲ֪ǲǹģ˿ô粻ѿѿƫƫ»֮ҹѿ
ҪѾˡʵķ
ɶ
ҧҧк޺޵롣
ԺΪ𣬹ʴԼĳԺɫΪԡ֮󣬻ϵľһɫƵĳúɫɵķͼΪװΣ߹ݻ
ոʰͣѩŸСѾ˽СѾ߿ʮģһԲԲСɷǿɰ
үڻȵȺһͬšСѾ߸
һۣͷʵʲô֣
СѾߴĻū澽
ţǸ֣Ҹյвõ·죬ǰΪҴ·ɡЦ˵
ǣ롣
ϲ߽ģʴֻ֪ⱱȴеĵ·һ֪
ó֮ǻ԰ʯ̾͵ĵ·Ϊ꣬Ǿ԰Ҳ¹԰
λھ԰м䣬ū澵Ĵߵʯ·ȥԼϰʱ͵ˡڳ߱Ϊ˵·Ǹ
΢΢ͷ⾰԰ֵĶһĻľ֮С·߰˲ԵӵС
⻨԰ûһ㸮ۡгļɽɫȵͨģϤ֮ˣ²Ƭ̾ͻ·
¹԰Ҳ𣿡ʵ
ЦҡͷĻ¹԰Ļݾ¿û߶࣬໿ЩСȸè÷¹ȵȣмҰѼҲеġ
Ŷ⵹ͦȤġЦ
ЦŴЩǻͣЩԽԽ࣬үֽ¹԰á
źˣʵ
ĻūʮźѾˡ
븮֮һֱүź򣿡ʡ
ԣæͷĻүźֻСˣӲѾ߽ġ
Դң跴Ц£ҿɲ־֪Դ׵Ůӡ
Ƚǰ
³ʱȻһɫĳīڵĳͷһɫ̶
ɴǺɫߣ俴Źªһ뵽ߵµǱ̲ס΢΢
ʮֵ䣬ϻǿʽɺɫɫװΣá
ӣ³ӣ˵
ߵ£ѰʮʳΪ¿ɿڣмЩ죬Ǵա
ҹ࣬Ѷˡ˵ţΪ˸һžӨ͸
ܺã仰ڳ˵϶ɫ
˻ǿɶ
ȥɡţ˻֡
ѩȻ뿪˰֣ҲĬĬתҪ뿪³˵һ¡
ԣ̸˵үкηԸ
ʱ֮լ˶һ䡣³˵
Ȼ䣬ʱºͼֱˡ
һæǣū
֮˳ȥ³Ŷ˵ӣЩС˵Ŀɻθڣ
áȷʵЩˣҲͲٿԹԵĳԺ
³ȻҲֵˣϵΪвˣųԵõǼΪг
ҳԺˡ¿ӣ˵
³ȴüģӳԵľ٣
٣
Ѿܶˡ
üƲҿûԼԳɸӡ
³һЦ˵ЦˣΪ֡
㣬ΪУѵ¿𣿡һۣʵ                        
ߣСɰǣ֮Ժϣôôա

 52 

ΪδȻڸкЪϢһʱղС³˵
Ź֣
³, ̫˳, ưոݣһڼƻʲôֻǲ˵ˡ
Ҫл𣿡ʡ
³ҡͷ, Цˡ
ü, ЦֱԵ϶㣬Ǳﲻһ
Ӻγԣ ³ɫʵ
, 趢۾, ˵϶Ͽô, ֻٵı̫ಫĹˡ
, Ҳǰ˺󶼴ôһڱĿΪΪ, ֳ, ۰, 㲻ǰ
ټ, ûݻޱȣʹӳź, סУҲǲðɣ
Ļ³ĺ΢΢һеЦ⣬ˣ
Ļϲŭ
趢ĺ, Ц£ʲôϼɵֲңҪҲ
΢΢һģ꣬ЦŨ֮ǰ˵𣬺˲ŻþãͬǱΪ飬治ױŪ
ӣҲǰͬˡ³к˵
Ц㣬˴˱˴ˡ
ӲµĲ϶ȷʵĶɵҲûˮݵĵز³˵˶١
裬̹Ȼոգһ仰˵ļá
ŶҸո˵Ļָͦ࣬Ǿ䣿跴ʵ
³˵ҪҲ
ԣ赹һ֪Ϊ³һ˺۾Ԥ׵ĳԺѪȡ
ǵ˺ۣªѵģһѪĶߣʹϢл֮ȥ
Ҳֻһ֮ң
΢΢ףסеĻңȻ
԰գƬ̧֮ͷһһ˵׾ˣҿɲᡣ
³һ漴Цӣ㻹
迴˭ֲأ
ȷʵл˭ԸúûţţҲ룬ֻǡָѰɡ
Цˣ˵˵¿ɺã뵽ȴĪһɷ꣬³Ц˵
³ֹסЦɫ⸮źˣǻﰵģš
һ㵹֮Уʵûõģ
Щá³
ƤȻʲôʵǲ뵽һ죬ԲŽѩ͵
ӣΪȻϻۣҲûδ֪ĵز³
ɵĿ֮˵Ҵˣأ
Բɾš³ɫ
ӣ̾λֱеĻҪ
㲻ڸаԼˣΨ춯֣ǲǣ
Ե裬³ĺһ˿ͣͷȻʲôסӡ
ˣ
ûмǴĻϿÿնҪ̫ҽΪΣʼȻΪΪ϶ԱΪصĹϵڿԶԶûбô򵥡
ΪΣʵΪӡ
˽˾ȵĳڸУֻ˸ʹǰǺε
ѵ߻ϣϲϲã
ɻֲɵӣױССļɱΡ
ӷģʦܵҩǺãΪ˱඾δ壬֮ǰҲʱʱ¡
˵֮ӣ˵ҲӶ˷ϲ¾ˬΪЩҲ¡
½룬ʵ½룿ôԶڸвܣ
³ͷҹˣ˵Ҫȥ׽ӡ˵ΪȻչˣòˡ
裺
벻½һﲻֹ࣬ȺõҲŹֵĺܡ
˵䣬ֻʮѾĴӻͷҹĽ衣
ū澼ү˻ڻ¹򵹣˵
³˺еЦ⣬ĿڵϸˣԺլеκ£ӽ쿪ʼǵˡ
̶̵ļ仰ĿЩϣżֲ˸еȴ˵вֺ
ˣ
ūףһֻƾԸ˸˵
³˵ĵݸһЦɫ
һۣҲǶϵĲˮһڣŲŵĿ˵衣
Ϊ׵Ļ̌ͷūڡ
裬ҳէԸеȻ̫Ϥ⸮еˣʲôעĻҪġ
˵æˣūرݣúõķԸ¡
ãҲ֪үӲãҼȼ޹ˣȻҪչˣ⸮񷱶࣬ʱĴͷ衭
˵˶٣˻֣ѩ
ѩԸæǰūڡ
ѩҴҴѾߣΪ˵ͽ⸮еĴС˵Ҳ˳ҷַǣΪأ
ѩ룬δȽ𻰣ߵǰӯӯһݣѩ޶ۣ뽯ĪҪźá
ͷ˺ѩһּۣЦЦĿζȴƺ̶ס
Ķͷ̲סڳһϸܵ亹æūңṼС
ãܺáͷ
˵ϹŵһѾӣ˵үӲ֪ģ農ԺҪ£˭š
˵֮һӡ
Ըæūڡ
ѾߣԺҪ棬ͨɡ
˶٣Ȼ䣺˻˹أôþүǾݹҲ档
ū澲ҡ˴Խͷø˼֡
ЦҲؾţһǽع־ľΪүҰµģȻҪ͡
Ҳ˵ǰ棬ӹأҳģǾݹֺ顣
ū澲ҡ
ˣүɻʲôҪԸ𣿡Ťͷ³ʵ
³ҡͷһͺá
ãȻˣǾͶɡ赭˵
л
΢΢ѩ⣬˵ͣһ˵Ǯλ溮ѩ˷Ͱɡ
лźѩȥ
Ƭֻ̣³ˡ
Ŀ˵ú³Ц˵
ЦһѾ޽˱Ҫġ
ηηβģòʹʹЩ֪ģһϲΪǿ
³ֵڣΪο
ǻģҼȻѾһ·֪·ҲҪߵˡ˵
ߣôԤաɴķϵճСɰǵרͿԿ֮ԵСɰкϣôôա

 53 


ݵĳĬ֮³еЦ, ɫӲ̫, ¹˭ֻδ֪ء
ԣü΢, ³˲絶, ־Ϊһ塣
̫ŷɥĹ
ѻʵ۶ʮּɵı
ˣʮױ, , Ѿķˡ
ʺԤ׵ӿԺеʱ, ԼЩȡ
ӣôֺˣ
³Ļ˼, Լղ֪ʱЩ̧̣, ö³˫ԴЦĺ
, ЩȵĶǰĲˮ, ͷһߺһ˵ˮ̫ˡ
Ŷ, 𣿡³˵ţҲԼǰǱˮ, һַ֮Żϡ
ӣ趼ˡ
ˣҵḷ́
ãҵҲ̡
ʱʵ̫³ԷԸֶЩƷ, ڻһˡ
Ʒʱ˴
뱻ķϣһζƮɢ
ֳˡ޵
ͷˡ
Ҫղġ迴³ʵ
³˵ͷϵףշŽȴȻһԣеҲ˳ƵС
üʵôˣ
³һ߿ţһ߻˻֣ƺЩѡ
üģԴ˻֣Ը¡
ЩǵĿһۣȻߵ³ߵʺƬ֮Ÿ֮˳ȥ
ǣ˿ڣҷȥɺã³ʵ
ȴ˺ȻЦһӿǵΪ򣿡
һƳ³һۣüʵװ
³ϣС˵ûаոȷʵǳ˿ڣڻеء
Ҫƿһ뵽˱Ѫ˺ۣľͲԾȥ
ӣΪ˿ںѿˣʦֲڸУ»Ҫͷˡ³û첲ļϣս˵
ĺȣһµĶϣЩ
ֻҧס³ƴӣһҵķȥ
ءò׻صң̲סԹ
Щû´ôиܰæģܲ۵ðǵķϡ
³һЦ⣬Цӣģ벻
Ƴһۣʡǰ
ˡ
ӣΪϴЪϢƬ̣³ϣЦеʵ
ӿ㲻˿ѿôľ񣿡
ӣΪˣҪЪϢƬ̡
³˵ŸҪѾߵǰ۾ʵװģ
֮伸Ǻţڱ˴˵໥ܵĿ̡
ֹƴ³֮ƺЩԡ
˺ȴ³Ӻȥϸקס½ǡ
³µʵ̫豻ק˲ʧȥƽ⣬ֱӵϡ
˻³ʹһ
֪ϵ˿ڼΪأһ¿ѹòᣬæĴȴ³ֱ۱סӡ
𶯡
³΢΢ԥƬ̣ҪȴֹƵϵ˿ڣֻܽӵ㡢ʲô
³û˵ֻǻסֱ۽˽ǶĻش
ز˿ѿˣſؿڣֹ
³ǰѿԸܵǿЩ죬ƺˣǡҩԵ
ⷬ³ͳöЦӣ㿴ȴʵᰡ
Сһ죬ҪһŲӣ³ʹӴӱ𶯡
ԣ豻ŵòٶôˣ
һ£˿ѿˡ
ѿǸովǼٵˣ
Ӵۡ
ҿң
һ֮½³˿ڹãϴϵѪſڴϵ³ʱŷ˲֪ʱѾ˯ˡ
ôۻ˯ţ
ߵߣϸ³˯գȻ΢΢̣Ľë΢΢ţʮֵĺÿ
һӵĽëΪŮ˵Щʡ
˯ˣҲţ߳Ҳֽغãǰһů󣬺ѩվůǰš
ҳѩæǰ£˺
Σüʵ
ѩЦ׼⽯ǸթѲӣūȥȴֻûܣū˱ū澡
֮С豭һȲ裬˵
ѩ˵Σո븮үˣ»үĲ˴ʱֶ
ЦˣЩ˿ɲүˡ
ѩһü˵ū澵ǺͿˣⱱ˲үˣȴЩʲôˣ
ϵˡԥĴ
ԣѩΪȵʵϵˣ˼ǡϸУЩڸоΪ˼ӱһһ
ϸЩ˻ƲϸЩ˴ڵĿģϺүֻ֪δ˺ˡ赭˵
ѩɫأˣǱڻǵǳ֮ǡ
ĸ󻼣һһ˵
˵ѩɫѿüΪָȻݽŵ̶û뵽̶Ѩ
֪ˣū澾ǰҲҪߣҲУû·
迴Ц޷ϱûȫ֮£˵δƣǰ·Ҳ߿𣿡
Ѿ˾Ҫ뱱𣿡ѩʵ
ɫأҲɵϵЦ⣬ĵ˵ͷ
µ·ͬ˵ߵ·һҲҪȥһ⡣
ūˣū澶Ψ֮Ǵӣǡѩ˵
趢۾֪˳ŵ൱ףϾѩʿп϶סΪ͢¡
ҪԿĺܾܿǻϣǳ͢
ѩ֪³³Ǳڸ裬˫гһҪಫᱳ衣
ҪĴۣ
ҲӦѡʵʱߺѩ
ڻʱ
ѩлл㡣ܶԺѩ˵ģֻ仰ѡ
ѩЦⶼū澸ģαл
ãҾ֪֪֪͡
˵һ侲ĺѩҲɵöݵһһ⣬ū澵ĸ
ԣĬһЦ
ūҪЩֶ𣿡
ԣҡͷԸ裬ֹҪЩֶΣҪµֲС
ѩԥȻǻģˣǻݾߣ
ԣҪ֣
˵꣬üЦѩŮһ֦ͷˣŰ踮ūϷ룬ҿǵúúõĳһС                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰɺϣôôա

 54 

ѩ˼Ƭ֮ʵҪϷԻϵۣе׮׮
ѩһ͸, Ц޵
, Ҫ˵Ըϣ˷ŭ˻ϣԺʲôץסİѱԳͽ, ǡ⣿
ѩһģ跴Ц޷, ȰǰЩH¶ˣԺԺ˵
, ðôķ, ֵ𣿡
ѩǡǡ΢΢һ, һ֮󷽲ſ˵ѩһֱڽ
ֹ, ⾩˶֪, Ӽһ, Ǳ
ϸ, Ǳ, һѳɶ֣κθı䡣
Ϊʲô, ̤̤ʵʵɢջϾͻ˶Źң
˵ֳһձ֮㵹𣬻ϻῴʲô϶һ棿
֮, ǰˣǵˣֻʲô³
ˣһ뱱ͬģԸΪ٣ȫ
ܸģþȫػػ
үģѩĬƬ̣ʵ
˴ķϣȴ֪ΪξЩԥ
ΪʲôҪԥ
ӦϷϲŶ
³ģ
⡭
ѩȴ۵׵Ļԥ۵ףֻ򴽵үĶģҲʲô¡
ΪŮӣܼ޸ԼϲӣѾȴŮҪ˵Ķˡ
ѩϲ𣿡ʵ
ѩһԺвĹճһӵӰÿμ棬ǻ᲻סԹϧԼӡ
᲻䷳һδεҩʱעɣһĵģÿÿ̲סЦ
Ǻټһ˰ɣ
ū澡ѩֹȴЦϲӣԲԣ
ʲôģںδ׷ʵ
ѩ򴽣ǱˣūԺѼˡ
ΪΣü
ѩūΪʿԲԼֺοˣ
ԣȴҡͷ˵ҿ֮һĳϦֻҪ˴һʱֻһʱҲȥ
ѩ⻰˵һ૵𣿡
Ȼصĵ˵ͷ
ͱҴ󣬿ұϾѾǳ׵ˣⷽо顣ѩƺԥԽ˵
ѩɵĵͷ˵ǣ»Ҫū澺ú룬֮⽯衣
Ǵֱ֣аţ
ЦһȻֱ֣ԽԽá
ǲūҸͷ⽫浽ʱǽƾͼƣֱӽѩ
áͷ˵
ѩԣ˵ūȥţɻʲôķԸ
˵⼸նǸ룬Ը
ѩͷūˡ
迿ϣһȲ裬һ˼ŽϷ׸γִָ
ҪЩ۵ˣʱûɣµʮֵѡ
ϵǸʲôˣ
ֻ֪λеģʮͣǻʮ̫̺꣬Ȼʱ֮⣬ҲǽĹ̩񰲡
ϥֻһӣӦʮͣȴһֱδΪ̫ӣƺóеһЩϳ൱Ĳ
ˣλϻи̫Сһ꣬˵ĵûϵϲΪһ㡣
ȥЩ֮⣬λѹĻϿνһ֪ɲ̫ã˵൱⡣
ָʱ֮Ϊ˽⸮еЩˣǳںĶҲ֪ЩҪʲô
ֻЩ׵סЩ㣬ǵ˼֪֪˷
ڣ֪³Ϊĸ֮֮⣬˵һ֪
ܲ
ˣӽʱտʼÿһðգڵ֮ϣƫǵȴҲǷǡ
賤һҪ³ú̸̸ܹλ˽⡣
ҪģȽԼƶʰ衱ھ֮дҲЩеЩ۵ˡ
ţֻһ˿ⲻܿƵӿӣڳ΢ů£ڳ˯˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˯˶ãӵʱȴˣţҹĻǳĶͣ
㿴𣿡գգ۾ʵ
³ҡͷǣΪһӶ
ֳһҪǳ˸󸾣㻹˵𣿡Ҳ֪ôˣʳһ仰
³Ҫﵽ⿴ͨ͸ָָָ֮λá
òʲôӵģΪҪġĿһۣ˵
ģҲ̲סһ̣ŵ³ָĬ
ҪԼĽгȥ˵̫ѡ
ЦһԹӶ࿴Ůò˵㲻⣿ȴš
˵ҪҵģáǱ
Ļģ⻰³ͷ˵
һ⻰Ϊһ³ȴ벻Լֱͨ˵ҪĻġ⼸
ģҿ͸˳ӣ˵
³Ȼֽ§ڻУԼǰ֮˵Ӵϻۣʱ˾Ϳ͸ˡ
ǿƽ
ĺᣬЩůڶͷϵʱе
ΣûҪѳȥȻĻ˸ƣǸʲôˣ
³Ĭá
ܾ֮ŵͷ˵龰£ΪΪӻ˵Щ黰뵽Ӿɷ羰
ͷҲ̧˵
³̾˿˵ϣǸݵԼŹˡ
ԣ΢΢ͷ³ɫӣʵЩ
³ͷĬƬ֮󣬡ӣˣΨһںľǽɽ𢡣
Ϊ˴ѣ伫κˣԼ
˼Ƭ̣ҡͷҵǾãλںӦԼɣ
Լã³ʵ
Ҳ˽ϣǡҾ㲢ûȡ֮Ұģȴĸ󻼰㴦
ֵָܶ꣬ΪΪѸ𣬲ϧ̫ಫŲ㣬ΪвⲢϳ
һΪѲ̫̣Ӧ˲ٹͣһ򽫹صļãղĿʾˡ
ѹ£֪Ϊ˲̫̾ʲôĥѣѵҲϵ𣿡
˵Ȼס³ʵ㵽׻ʲôң
³ɫ̾Ϣվ㡣
Ȼң˲Щһֱ³ĺ
³ûŲߣ§ø˼ֻ֣˵ӣЩ²ҹҪ㣬ֻǡ
˵Ȼס֮Ĭ֮ż˵ʵҲãҲãԸ
ߣ֮ԵСɰкϣôô

 55 

³˳ӣ˵, ʵ, Ҵ뿪˻ʹֱʮŻصѳǡ
ʱ, Ļϻֻĸ磬ʱ, Ѿ˴Ǹϣĸ˻ϡ
ĬĬĿ, Щɻ, ȴδڡ
֪, Щ³Ըȥ˵Ǿ, Ҳã, 羲˵ЩԸ˵ġ
˵Ķ, Ұֶ, ֮ǰͱҶ˾, ҲмڷѾ˼ȥȥЩ
ɡһǴ߳˴ѵı, ֳ̫Щ˿еĹӿ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
³ӣ仰˲תǧ飬ǰʲôԭ³ѱӸΪеһ
ںĵλ, Ժγ۳ңֺαر̫̲ͬʱҪܻϵĲ¼ɣ
ʮʱΪʲôҪ룬δش³⣬üʵ
³ͷ裬˳֮Ӵϻۣ뿪֮󱻸͵ɽǸǸһȥͺ뿪ĵط
˵ޣɽӦǸµĵط³Щ´Ŷѧõİɣ
ͬȥĻͯǶǻˣл磬Ҳѡ
ϧЩͬȥĺͯ½½ɽϣΪңɽĵʮꡣ
ڰ˿ɽһ꣬ɱǸֽµʦȺһʹӡ
˵ʱ³ɫƺȾһɫѪͫ׽üϸֳĺ֮ɫҲɵһ󺮲
벻Ϊ³Ҳһ׺ޱĵط
ۿͬԼǰʱۼЩȷѪʱֻǸͯ
̸ֲЦȡֲɱĺֲĻɲ⡣
ԭһжΪܻȥ
һصѳǣʵֻĸһ仰
˼³仰ϣ̲סʵʲô
ԣ³һлһ˿밧ˣҵĸ
һ૵ĸӦڹ𣿡
³ӣĵҼǵãұߵϣĸڸʵĵǰŰһҹ
Ŀʹĺҹлصãֱ賿ʱ֣ۼĸŹˣӴ˲֪١
쿪ʼҾҲûмĸһ档
һѣΪľҪĸӴԶٲ
С⡱һ£иԤӿͷ
˭֪ºǫѷĸ羹·ȫ˸ˣԭҵĸԴΪҪЮҪڴΪá
ҲֱգҲΪθҪӵɽٺ٣һеһжֻΪ»·ѡ
³źЦüͷ裬ӣڻϵ֣³ǣ֪ΪΣ
³³ǡ˸֣ΪΣ
ѻʹʱǰǳΪնʮ޽칬ң֪ȴһ
֮ҪͻӵܵɽΪѡ仰˵ʱ˭ܹɽ˭ˡ
³һЦƹӥɷ˪ѳ˻֮ȨƵˡ
ǻ˵Σ֮Ȼֵĺһ֡
˵˶٣ӣĸ׺ͺѩ˪ϸ
ɫ΢³˵ӥϢݣѼϢɷжʿɱͻϮȣ˪нŮӡ
ЩŮӾѵ֮һ㶼ᱻиӵߣ¥ȵأŮӵݣѼ鱨
ص࣬Ϊϲ켺ʰǰжԸ󳼡
ԣڿڵԣĸ׾ǷһιǱߵģ
ԡ³ͷ
ôһι
ˡ
Ȼ׼ɵ³˵ֵʱĻǱݺݵľ
ôģʵ
³ĬƬ֮󣬵˵ʧܣʬ޴档
仰˵֮꣬뵽õĳĬ֮С
й𣿡֮ſʵ
³üĿԵȻйء
֪̫ڴѺͻϵܣϵĲ¼ɵûܻʮꡣ
ԣȻüģŵķһ˿ɫǾȶ֣ɱ
³һͷ裬ɫ̹Ȼɫ䣬ӣ˵ʲô
˵ɱһһ˵
ɱ˻ϣ
أȶɱң
³סû뵽边˴󵨣ֻ߱˵׾٣޾ɫ
ɡɫĵ
򴽰꣬㲻֣Ϊĸڻϵ𣿡
³΢漴ͷ
һ޷ܻлġ
ʲô᣿
³ԴɻӣЦȻǾȳĸĻᰡ
³ĬʶĽ§ø˼֡
ӣԸңĶϵʵ
գգӣɵ٩ȻѾƭܲ⴬˰ɣ
³ЦЦɫз·ǹ
Цĺܺÿǳ󺣡Դü΢΢ģҲʮֵԡ
ʱ˿̣ٲԸҲã³ȷʵģ򡭡ΪһĨЦʹҡ
ˡ
ˣѡ¶ףѡͬ·ȴǧѡ
³ԼҲǺһɡ
ʱģҲվδߡ
˵ܻţǰΪҪ顣
ɱ˻ϡⲢһʱ֮
ֻɱ˻ϣ³ܻȥһգϻ֣ͬλڷ
Ҫ³Ͼͱ
ͷ³һ̾Ϣ˵ӣɱ
Ŷ𣿡
³ͷָޱߵ鷢Щұô㣬̫ˡ
ʲôüʵ
³ȴЦҡҡͷţЩ·һ֪֪£Ը㡣
ңҪʲôʲôΪڣ˭Ϊѣ 
أǳЦʵ
³΢Ц⣬˭ΪѣΪҪ
³Ҳɱ˵
ԣ³ЦŨ§ڻУǸãһ޶ͽ򳪸档
տǰ΢ȴȵĻ૵ɱˡ
СҲ֪³ûС                        
ߣ֮ԵСԣк

 56 

룬ϱҹ̸, þʱ, ҹɫ֮ʣžʱ֡
Ӷ, ǳԵҹ³ʵ
Ժҡҡͷ΢, ˣ
³ЦЦ, ᱧ, ֱ߽Ҳķڴ齵ڲ, ԼҲڴϣӻδͷ, Ҫˣ
Ӵһۣһӽ
Ϊӻϴɡ³Цʵ
, ˣһ, ˯
³ģаЦ, ԼҲڴ, ıȻСƽϲ𣿡
ԺĴԵġ
ǾϲϺ³˼֡

Ƭ, ûд𻰡
ӣ³ļ
޶
³˵üЦ˫Ⱦһ㵭ĺ⡣

΢䣬Ȼһæµ֮
˯Ĳ, ֻǳʱǱ³ӵڻɼ⾩ҹȻǼġ
ӻ飬ҹ³Ŷûþͽңľҵſڡ
һкʱӦһ
³бһۣȤѾڷſڣΪ𣿡
´ͷҲصĴԿϾ֪үӲ̫á
Ů˾ҹȻ٩Լ³չߵЦӣʵΪǿԵġ
һĻǡɱոսŵӿ˸ţʱߺ̧ͷүū澣ū澴ˮүůϴ
³ЦŶʵӣҪҪȥԡ
֪ǹ˵ո죬Ե³һۣүԼȥͺá
˵ţֱ˵ӣҵůϴ
³뿪ıӰƳϱĺΣ΢΢ü۽Ц
ӣƤ֮
ůУһźϴһСʵū澾ãүΪ۰ء
۰ױ̨ǰžеԼʵ
һΪͷһߵͷЦүﶼ۰˵ϵߺˣɿʱúء
㵹ǿУԾЦ
ӿе裬ҲЦǣ˻᲻أ
𣿡費ÿɷĳ˳ǡ
³ãòΪɣ
Ƭ֮ԼͻͷȻʧЦң³μʱɱˣʬ塣
ֹˣʬϲŵǸвء
մӿɺãӵĻ˼ϡ
ϵĲ˿̽룺֮ǰǸӲ֪³ɻţ
ãɡЦ˵
ϴ֮ů³һţл˼ҳ֮Ȼ˵ЩҪ
³Ϊһ鶹֣Цʲôȥǡ
֪Ͼүȥųų档߳Ա˵
³ЦãΪʲôΪʲô
¿ӣýĨĨǣɫ糣˵Ҫһ˵
Ŷ³Ӧһ
㲻˭ƺ⣬üʵ
ӾҪΪΪҲ˵ֶοˡ³˵
зˣȤ
ԣ³˫һЦڿΪ𣿡
Ǿүôϲװɵ㶣ȥϷеϧˡƲƲ죬˵
³Դ˴֮Цӣҷһ壬˴˱˴ˡ
ùţ³һȥãѩ˸˹
Сۼ
Դ뿪Ϋ֮ٴμСۣվǰԶĵطС˵ѣؾص
񡣡˵
СЦδѩ˵ҪūŹūſǻϲĺܣü춼û˯žء
ݵģһû䡣豻ЦЦ˵
е鶼׵ˣ
ʣСæЦɫ׵ˣܷľǡ
ھǣΫʱµ˶Щ²ðֻ̽ϢʲôҪȥ𣿡˵
ūסС˵
ЦЦ£ȻǷĵġ˵˶ٽ˵ԺѩźǰԿɻӦ
ūԵǲС۵˵
ͷվЩҪ죬ˡѹԸ˼֮Цʵܰ죿
С۴ģūܰ졣
ãǵʱͼ¡Ц˵
赽ǰʱеʹӾѾڵϣ³һＸǺš
ߵ³£ΪһȲ裬˵үȿȲɤӰɡ
³΢΢Ƥֽӹ豭ʱ򣬰ĵݸһЦ
򴽣бһۡ
սǵЩԡ˵豭һڲˮ֮˹ǰĽϡ
æ𻰵ūڣ֪кηԸ
赭ƳһۣûǿʵǰúѩȥڽѧЩլĹأŽǲͰ
ūȻ⼸Ŀںѩҡ
˵ǳĿլ꣬ѵܽѩֻЩĿ
ūźѩ࿴ЩĿȻū롭
סڣ
һģδٴοڣֻӣţʲôʲôĵط
ϼū˵үںεأԭլϼū£үˣ
һһϼū𣬺ʱܹ裬ʱû·һĿڣȫ˵
Ҽ޸үǻʥּͻ飬үýȢϼū˲ҷ
ϼūеأ㵹Ǹ˵˵ϸõﰡ
ūδūԩ踩˵
Цϼū˵ڸˣȡ֣ԩˣ
ԣĵū˼ūûС
ûУҸո븮ϼūͰڳһʢ˵ļڻҵѾΪѣǾҸǳ۸𣿡
˵ŭվжŵĲˮǰݺݵ˹ȥ
ˮһβʣȫ˽ͷϣ˵ˮ̫̣ͷĵ˹ȥȴ档
Ȼң¹ŵҲ񣬲˿춯
ʱ˿̣ǷžãվүߵСòŮӣ˿ûΪŮеĽС΢ûŹеǫѷ
Сݻ˵Сݲһ˿һĵ档
Щ˵ʮֵĲ
ߣ֮ԵСɰǣк

 57 


ͷ϶ˮڵϻ, ߶µ˵ү, ūԴӵʵδʧ
үҪΪū, ΪҪЩΪүµĺ
³罫ӿ, Ҫ˵䲻ȴһ, ֻö϶˵, ȿȿȿ, ūȿȿȿȡ
үϸ, ĪҪϼū˲źáƳ˽һۣת³˵
³Ķգգ۾, ﴽǵӦ, , ӸҹȻү, ʵ÷
ʱǰһ˵Ǻѩ
ŤͷĿ˽һ, ҹȻӲ죡
ūԩ, ԩ費ŵĵɴ۾һ˻Сεļס첲Ƕá
ǣѩһߵǰɨ˵ӣͺúŰɡ
˵꣬Ƚ𣬱Բ˸첲һƴ˹ȥ
žžžвϵһʼ軹ϵĺԩ㽥û
ѩĴ⽯ƽʱŹˣһʱ֮ܰס
֮ձ׵ǸͷһɹѪŶѵݲϵĴӿʱͽʯĵذȾһƬ
ūǻʡ͵ū澣㲻ԡţ˲ˣ˵ҲǼΪģ塣
ѩĿ˵ϼū˵ǻʥּ͵Ҳ˶
ϼū֪ҽ϶ϣֱǷˣݺݵĶ˶ţ
ڳǱͱһĻŵòᣬ˵ҳ˽˵ĻҲҷ
ѩȥϼūҶϣʡ⻰˻ϵĶүݵ˵
ѩӦһȡߵߣС˵裬˱Ǽ˻ѩĻ
豾ԩֵһٰƣֱѩСѾͷԼǰָʹʱü˹ȥ
δܹ裬ֻӿͷվүٲū澸·ū澾һͷײϣ
䣬Ӿǰȥֻءһ죬ֱ㶵ײǰĺľϣͷѪֱ
ⷬþڳˣ
Ƭ֮һСܵߣֻĽַڽıԣֶ߶µĲ
⣬ѾˡС˸ڵأ߶µ˵
һ֮󲻻Ųæ˵һϵϼū͸ԼѰҲֲҡ
˵֮Ļ˻֣ϼūϳȥʡۡ
СӦһæҵĽǽʬϴקŪá
ߵ³£Ŀ¹ŵһˣԵϼūүҲŻ³
ϼūֻͬҪڸкúõĵԲǣ𣿡
ŵͷͷֻ̧Ǹǣ
Ժѩᶥ潯ӳΪլĹ£ֻҪĻú¼ɡ
˵վֻü˵ѩ˰úúôɨɨһѪǳײүͲˡ
ԣѩæӦǣūȥ졣
ү̫ƣ԰߿ɺãߵ³ߣЦʵ
³ͷá
˲߳ã߱˵үϲҪ˸ˡ
ǣū澹үѩ
ºһڱŵɫˣ³ģһ԰ķȥ
ֱҲӰҪſ³֣΢΢˼δ³յø˼֡
ſ˵
³΢΢ͷô˾ӣûôס
һۣ򴽲
ӣ㿴⻨԰ɫΣ³һߣһ߸СţģƺҪڻ԰ͥŲһ
ô ˵
³ͷӹȻмףΪҲ⻨԰޵òô
ҵ˼˵ôͷҲص˵
ԣ³һӲϲ
ϲ
ֱԲ³еЦŨЦΪȻϬ
һܣԴӰᵽ֮Ϊû˯һþࡣ³Ķ䣬С˵
Ķĥǲߡ
ͷͲԶ
ӣ֪˭ÿնҪΪ˯һ˴Ͳˣ⵱Ϊİ³̾
ݺݵĵһۣʵ£Σ
á³˵
üʵ棿
֮⽾ݰ裬ūˣΪ޶ȵҲضá
һǼã³˵
οҪҪǻϻô˳ӣʵ
³˼Ƭ֮󷽲Ŵ˵ļأ˻µ˼
ˣֻһһˡ˵
ӣΪ򿴽ãǲȥɢɢΣ³ʵ
ȥ
³ٺЦСȳ΢Զôһ

ڿ迴Ųӣ⿴һۡ
ĿǰɫĻѩͺͺ֡
´ü˵ıȳԶһ
³Цһ۽ɵĿУ԰꣬㿴Ƶᣬǳɢĵĺʱ򡣡
۽˵ֻûİһۡ
ǼΪʿþһҲƣۣټϳ۽ˮˮӦоС
˼ǣ軹ߵСϻ﷢һӣֳһ㷭˷ƽϲġ
Ż汾³߲ߣĿСɾµĲߺЦ
벻һŮˣϲôĻӣҿζ
ԺɫļѾͷﰵĴϲãⲽ߶ˡ
ϲ𣿡³迴һųʵ
һõ֧򢣬ˣǺЦģ΢΢һ
ȥҹˣüʵ
ȥѾͷô֪ϲ۽ϲֺЦĻӣϲʽ򵥵ѣϲΣ֮ҪƷ˯ǰϲʲţ裿
³һ˵Լϰϲã򴽰꣬С˵Ѿͷʵ
ΪǾѾ߲˵³˵˶û˵ȥ
Ȼ׷ʵѾͷ˵ʲôˣ

 58 

˵ҡ³Ƶ˵û˵, 輱Ҵҵ˵û, ҶʲôûУ
ӣΪ򻰻û˵ء
û˵ͱ죡Щ߳ŭ˵, ץһѩǲɷ˵ľ
Ǻǵ³ü۽Ц, ͷҲ𼸷еۡ
ӶҲ
, ȴڴʱͣ
, ǵˡ³Ц˵
³˳, ž֪ʱѾʻɽ֮ϣؿɽ·, ڳо˿δ
ôԶΪſ羰ģӭŷվɽ֮, 䴵졣
ıС, Ʈ, ³, ǻʱһ㡣
³æǰ§סСɵļ, Ծġ
豻Ķһͷʵ
ԣ³ЦЦ͵Ϊվȡ
ΪɻƳһ, ܾ˽յľٶǹŹ֣Ͼԥľ𽣻ĺ
ȴɽͷվȣ
ҿɲɽͷϴ硣ֹ
³ȴָɽ˵ɽ¿
˳ָķȥɽ²ԶһƽأķģĿжʮ򳡴СúɫשǽΧסǿ
³ʵ
³ЦЦ˵ϲԺǵļҡ
һʵǵġң
ӲϲǴۡΪҲϲȻ˻ٳһطϲסã³ü˵
ģ
ԣ³ͷ缸ģһֱãҲ֪ʲôźãϲԺڴ˴ңΪΣ
˵ɽǿϸĿ˿ﻷ滷ɽֻһٵͨС
ɽдСٲѶ£ڶȴδȫϸʡ
һɽ͵崣ͣǷѶɣҪ˵ˡ
Ψ³վ⴦ɽҲߣȴУ·ͻľ࣬Ǹ۾ĺõط
ﲻϲͷ˵
԰գ³ЦȻҽļңôɷܹ˴죿
³Ƭ̣üӶԽҲϰ
ԣŤͷɽµһƽأ΢΢Զ
³΢Уʵӣ㵽׻ʲôΪ֪ģ
Цһ֪Ҿƫƫ˵
շӾʱ˵ԺΪҲ֪һ³Ц˵
˻صеʱѾʱ֣򵥵ù֮ͷԸȥ׼ԡ³ĻصůֱӾЪϢ
ԡ֮ɢͷصů󣬼ϣ¶ûл
̲סüģ߹ʵȥԡ𣿡
³ӣ˵ԴӴ֮ﻹ˸źΪ򣿡
ҽСźԡҪ䲻ȴ³һ§
ںڳʪķ˿һӣ㰡
ΪȥȥӱԡʱЩ÷꣬ԡ֮Ĳűƽʱ˼
ͷ΢Уϲζ
ϲ³
˵תӣ˫ַסļЦ˵ð죬ﻹЩʣµĻ꣬С۷ˮϴȻҲġ
³§֣ΪҪСźΪҪź򡣡
üʵȷ
Լ⣬³ȻûɵĸоһΣգŵ˵ͷ
ӣȥΪү׼ԡЦݲ䣬ڷԸ
ֽʱ׼ˮԼԡʲҲŤֱ³߽ԡҡ
ԡ൱ľͰĸ˵ӣʱͰԼʢˮڶ䡣
ˮƮһɫ÷꣬гӯŵ÷
ү㵹Ѱ˵߸Ӵ˸ɫ
Ӽˣæͷĵ˳ȥ
µͷ³ȴеԥ
ӣΪ˵ţۡ
治ɫ˵үЩȻˮɶҪء
뵺أ³Щϵ飬ֻһ˫ƺλ
ֻĳȥ£ȫ¾ֻʣһױˡ
ĿתĿδ˿رܵ˼
³ֽ⿪µĴӣѵ¶˼ʵı۰Լ˿ڵİɫ񲼡
ʱǰϸµĽ񲼽⿪¶ϵ˿ڣϸϸĿ˿˵ûѿ
վԼıԼϵ˿ڣ³ȴԼ¶Ѿ˸ĸо
ȻĽ˵ĳֹ¼ϣߵ³ǰ˫εĶϣƺڵһ
³ʿˮ벻Ůǰ½£ƺ˵ףȴʮּѡ
үôѣˮˡߵľͰԣͰˮЦ
ʱ³Щѣǿ贽޵Цʱ岻
ֹˣֻƺԽԽȣͷǺ顣
貽ƣ³ԽһᣬַֻסľͰıԵӯ˲뵽ˮС
豻⶯һعʱ³ȻȫˮС
үԡѿ𣿡գ۾òƾȵʵ
Ļëӹ³ļͷ΢ǣΪԼʧֻ̬õһۣӣΪϰߡ
Ŷԭˣүϰߵر𡣡Ц
ЦúһֻƵóѵС꣬³һʱ֮侹Ҳûа취ֻܶˮơ
벻ñµƤ˱ҹĿ࿴ءվˮͰϣЦӡ
ǹģ֪ˣ硭
үϴҾȻȥˡЦ˵꣬ͷҲص߳ԡңͽ³ľͰҧгݡ
³صůʱѾʸͷڴǰСϣֽϻʲô
³ûһɣ蹴˹ָӣ
ƤһۣеëʣֻСϷẉ̂˹
Ѿ׼Ϊ³ҩʲֻ˵ſš
³ΣֻſãŪ
ò׻ҩ³һµӴֽ§úáѵһȴ뱻һƿ
Ҫ
߻С£еıʣ³ֻ̾ӣɫˣҲЩðɡ
ͷҲֻֽ̧ддƺȫûн³Ļ
³ֻ÷´ߵı󣬿ڰֽϵͼɫ
ӣڻЩѵǡ
δĸۡ³ڹճһ߶֮󣬷±ʻ
ߣ֮ԵСɰǣģ

 59 

ظ֮㲻˽ǿ֮ͼˣұĥ粻˳١
Ƕ, ̫Ӳö, ͼֽ֮Ҳ͵˴ůʱ, ʱЩܹɽǱ翪ˡ
³Ŀ, ֻ˵Щʱ򣬷еĹâҲƽʱͬ, ƺ, Ŀ
֮ǰ˵Զ, Ϊȴ֪ӾԽϤ
³ﲻѵģаЦδԽ֮ǰ, ǽϵĸ߲ոհҵ͡
, ڴѧʱѡ޹Ŵѧ, ŴľʯΪĽṹͷԶѡ
ҲΪʲôָзĪСµǸԭڡ
벻, Ϊ֮, ȴ뻹һչֵĻᡣ
ʴˣ³ɽ, ԽƬؽõʱȻһ־Υĸо
һλѾñط꣬˴˼ѾԻʱϲ
ڹ£ҪЩӣӲǿȥЦŴ
³, ɨСϵͼֽ΢΢˿ڹеЩӣÿ൱ء
֪ԴɻûдֻͣǰٵĴǰʱȥЩӣ࣬ҲȤζ
ͼֽҲһձܻõģӻǲҪôĺãΪǻ۵ġ³ЦЦû׷ȥ
Ƭ֮ڵͷҲá
䣬ӱԤ׵ı³𣬺ʶץס³ǰ
³±ʹɿ壬һקãֱѿһĿӣʹǰСɫļɼ
ӣ벻㾹³ͷоϷʡ
ɿ֣ҪͷȴÿҲѿм俴ʵţֻͷѡ
ӣ㿴ˣͲܿΪһ䣿³ߣƲ˵
˵ȻĴЦʵʲôϴ費ѿӣ
ԣ³΢ֻ첽ߵҵĴߣһԲĽڴϣȻ󾹺Ԥ׵Ŀʼѡ
ʶ˲䣬ʵ
ûΪڿ½˵꣬³Ȼѵڵϡ
ŵɫµڵأ費ʿˮ³ƺȥʱæ㵽˴齵棬ֱ㶵ʵôѣ
˺˯³üĴ
˫¶ľ֮ɫ³ⷭϴǰ򶨵СޣӣΪϰ˯
㡢㡢Ҳܶ˰գգӣԽǰ³˵ĻҲ˼ֵ
ĪţΪϴʱ䲻ϰѿӣ˯ʱҪѵġ˵ţ˫ֻԼȥ
һɿ쳶ͷϣ˵㣬ң
˰Σȴû³Źƿһ϶
㿴ʲôȴ³Ȼ£Աһ˫ɫӣ
ڱӼֶã³˵üнЦ⡣
˼ֱ̫ɶˣ
ŻΪ˸ոԡʱЦƤ
ر
ƿӣȥ³һԲ
³Ĵϸϣչߵ˵ӣΪԺҪٸһЩС
Ȼ˵費ԵʵΪΣ
ҴһЩܰŸЩĴ齣ҲܸЩΪΣ³˵
һݺݵƳһۣ ˯
ˣΪ˯ҲʡҹΪӡ³δ䣬䲻İһǷɽš
ıӰЦŨ
һŮӣ

תۼ䣬ȻʮգմѹĹأվ͸³һͬŵӡ
⼸³˺࣬ƽһżҲᵽ鷿ȥһЩ
λ衱½ȵ𣬸еǾսս˿Խ
ѩҲĶլ֣´þ
ȻǼźÿÿ³ĳ棬ҲȳʱĶˡ
ǴƺһڵоʳϣڳæţӰʱʱȥѡʳıãЩȡ
վǻŵˣǷҲ׼ˣ
ո˯ӹӵĨĨգţѾү˵ˣȥŰɣǵáⱸͳͳҼ롣
룿Ǻ⣿һ
մѵĹأ¼ŵʱ򣬴ҵԽǷԽܹ֤Լڷҵĵλ
ˣٻ˼ҵŮʱżһͬĻȥԼڷҵĵλ
ӱΪƾү۰ﶨȻ񣬿ȴԸƷ룬⵽Ǻε
Ҫ룬ҪȥʲҲȥⷿЩ˶ҲֵǮĳһ¾ͺá˵
£ˣʵ⡢Ǻ⣿
ûʲôֻЩֻζͣ͵Ķǲ˵ġӣЦ
һ૵˼ǡ
һһľһһ߶ĺܣҿɲԸΪָЩˡ
˵ӱЩĵʵ˼ūˣүǼˣ᲻ţ
ӹǵҲûʼҶ˼棬ү˻ʼҵ棬˵ɾ͵òʧˡ
ԣа½ȴ˵ģүɱһء
Ȼ˵үĲǣȻɫ糣̲ס򴽵˵Ͳүգ
գ˰軰δ˵꣬³˵ӣΪܿ٣
ӱȻĻһæū澼ү
͵ۼ³ϴߣȴԵЦ⣬δκ˼Եķġ
³˻֣ȥɡ
뿪֮³ߵͭŮü۽Цģ˲ʱ
鶼ˣһ֧͹ӵӲ뷢١
³ְӲȣŶžʵƺ̫ϲ̫εΡ
ǰϾӳܹ֮⣬ô˵
ָ³üЦ˵
ƺһ֧ҵġ³˫˵                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰ

 60 

³ŶһͷָӵĹ뷿֮, Ϊ֮м񵽵֧
֮м񵽵ģ跴ʵ
Ǵʬϡģ
ֹ, ˻֧вֱӦŰݡ
˭뵽, ֻһʱ䣬ӣ
ɲǡ³˵ͷ
˴ˣ, Ҳƽϣ֮м񵽵, ԭɡ˵, С³ǰ˻Ρ
³̯İɨɨ, üΪһʱǷ˺δ
ĪΪú롣
ͷ, ȴֻ͸ϵĿ϶ԴϷʵЦ̲סһᡣ
Ҫʱ
ѵĸ, 
Ŀʹĥ, ܵΣ, ǳ޷ġ
ʲô³ס, 𿪿ʵ
⻰˼Цûʲô, ŵӽǰһָͬ𣿡
ԭΪ³΢һ֮üʵΪȻҪһȥģҪӳųųء
ͷҲãһͬȥ, ұܶͷá
³̲סӣŵү䰡
һЦ³һСϵļֽϸϸĿ˿ӣͼΪЩ
ԣ⼸ǿģյһ֮ܿˡ
³üһŪģЦãΪ͹ٿ
˵ͷΪԼһȲ衣
ϵĲӸոģ˵ǴģʽŵӱҪҪ
³ԣϵĵģδ𻰡
³ôˣЩʧʵ
ûʲôҿرϲܣӷԸȥģ³˿Ȳ裬ʵ
ҡͷ⵹ҲǣǺѩլЩæµҸǰæţЩаɡ
˵ѾͷָʱϲĥЩҾϲȥ
˵³ЦӶߵ˵Ǽõġ
ĶңȻǺá˵Ҳ˿ڲˮ
Ƭ̣üʵնҵѾߵЩ£
³ӣһʰˣĪӳԴ˲ɣ
˵ö˶˵ҳʲôף˵ţݺݵƳһۡ
³ü΢૵ΪӶԼڴײźã
бһۣ˳ӵȴδ˵
˵ƽָӭ׵ѾˣͶʮգСүǸĵܵһͬף㵹ΪЩԾ
³ĻӣŶƽѦ۰мӡ
ѳڵ֮μǵճӣӵв̳меĵλƸ
ӻŮӣȻӵмѪ֮ĸҪһЩյ˻εӵ
ЩŮ˱֮⣬Ҫճӵɫ£һӶᱻճѹ̧ͷ
Խǹ֮ţֵֻ־Խԡ
ƽǴѻʵ׷ľλȻϮھǵĹٻ¹֮п̳
һĹ˵ֵȢĶָĹҲСүѦ飬ٰ֮Ѧָӭײǡ
ͬʱӭףҪСүŵݣΪѦƽƽ
п½ҲǳģܰϾָճŮȻԸͷȥ
ټϳƽȷʵ谮ѦӸ࣬ʲŻֵһͬӭװɡ
ֻǲ֪ⳤƽķˣСүĸ״ʱǺ뷨
½Ϊ£ڳǷܻϵʶʵ
³ͷֹ½ˣ½ֶŮ빬ʱֻǹˣ̶Ѿ˾ɼŮӼܻϵĳ谮
½ӵĸ½ǫڻְ꣬Ҳ޹޹Ϊǫ񣬴ӲԻ׹ԾӣǸˡ
ԣ΢΢ü벻½ڴѳеǸٹ̵ĺܣöԸ
½㣬ǵѣ˵Ȼüʵ
³ǣ˵ʱ޷
ƽأ
ǻϵһҧ˭ҧ˭³Цһ˵
ԷУ¶һ˿ĺ⣬૵Ǿǵˡ
³˵ͷĬϡ
ȻƽǻϵˣǻָףһӶȢָŮпҲô򵥰ɣ
ԣ³΢˼Ƭ֮˲ǱϿô򵥡
΢΢һüô˵
ǸͨľӣĿƾͷ񣬿Ҳ˵ǲŻ֮ˡ
ڳкȴ½˽ϥΨһĵŮ¼ⱾǲѰ֮¡
ڵط˼֪أ֮һ·Ϋ֪˻ɵǣЩ޴
Ⱥ˼ϸǱߣûв˿ѱѳУҲǾ޽еģ
³˵ڳлһ˿â裬͵ӣ򵥡
ԣ֮ǰָΪҪģʵ
³ͷĸȥ֮ӥԼ˪˲ϸָǱȴ׷ʧ٣ɻڼյϢ̫ҪڳңԱҹȥָ̽̽
̽Щʲôʡ
³ҡͷջ񡣡˵ȻЦЦԤ׵ᵯһĶͷ
ջӡ
ʶḧһԼĶͷ˵ȴôΪ
ҵҵãֳһлӦá˵ʶĶס
³˵ӦýΪŪ£Ծ󻼣Բԣ
ŶŴЦŵͷ
ӹȻһŮӣΪҲһӣҪŪΪӻŬһЩǡ³һ˵
˵ǣȷʵúúŬǡͷŴŴƽʱ䲻ͬǺ
³΢΢һǰӸոսΪʲôɷڽһ
ӣʵ
³ͷЦҲУ˵¡
ƽָףΪӣʵ
³ȴһЦǡǡ෴
ʲô˼Īֽţ
ԣ³ȻƽǻϵһҾڹ߷һǡ
أȫγƽȻĸӶ˼ġ
Ŀǳ͢¹Ů޽ƽһŮֱӳ˱
˵ϻôƽֻôֽο

 61 

ɫһȻ鲻ĵκΰѱ, ԾͽͶھ, ̯͢ˮø롣
Ͼ֮ǰֻǸ֪, ӿ½ΨһĵŮǾ׹ùء
̸ڵĹϵ, ڼ½ӵĵŮּ޽˳ƽˮֻ˼֣³˵
ûϵĵĵϸ, ͬʱûϷ, Ĵѹ, ͬʱ½ҵĹϵƺⳤƽټָĳϲ
Ͼ㲢Ƕ֮, ҲɣڼڰƲ
˵, ̲סֵһٶ, ȻǺüı½ĵӲùˡ
³ϲģ, ʵ, ƺĲް飿
ԣһЦ, Ϊ˼ԼԺԥκˣҲ壬ֺαؼʵװТģ
³δ˵ԴȻпܵıݺ
Щ, ĸ׺ֵܡ
Щˣˡ
뵽֮ǰָеľԼ֮ЩνˡڱݺҪء
ĺȥһЩ˺֪ˡ
뵽Щν˳ªնĻвɵһ˿³֮ͬС
޷ԻΪһиۡ³˫һһ˵
³ĵ˵ͷ裬еĺâȥȡ֮һ˿ůЦ⡣
ߣá
ţֽ뻳Уͷĺڷϣֻѵõƽ
¥
ϲƹƸ˲Ϣ䣬½ӿɹˡ
³΢ĻУŴǰɢů⣬һ
Щԡ
Դӵ֮ͱʮֵľԸһһ⣬ҪţͲһ˿һ
˿ķɣΪ˿Ĳͺпٲľء
ԣľƣȴ˿ߡ
³ͬ
ǵһμ濪ʼͼʶʵһ档
ҲΪǰжеαװԼ
е裬ҲָǸܴΨΨŵŵŮı
ֻԼ
룬³ԼҲİɣ
ǰԽߣǱŷɥĹܻƵ
ֻ³
һѱƤȴżЩƤˡ
һʵģֻ³

ŵתۼʱȴܲ˴ѩתۼǾͶѩǣǰããһƬ
³·ѩĹϵߵıƽ˼֣ΪѩĹϵϵ˲࣬Եм塣
ڱüů³бߣһ߳ŵģһЦĶ
豻úܲڣòĻӣŤͷ˵Ͳҵ
³ҡͷΪϲģʮֺÿ
ҪҲһ豻˵΢죬ԼڿǱӵ˹ȥ
һ𣿡³ü˵
ⱾҿˡֱԵ
Ǿұûġ³˲䣬ԸŲһط
бһۣܾԼҪǹȥ⻭ǿɵģҡͷҲˡ
˵ţ⿴ȥ
һƬѩ׵ɫ֮ڻѩϣһ֨֨Ϊ˼䡣
ȻԤ׵ͣ
³һֻۣ³ʵ£
⣬С۴үĻ·мŸ꣬٣ͷүԵƬ̣ūŽŲ
³šһȴ˵ȥ
Ϊͬȥ³ûжʣһ߳˳ᡣ
ëѩˡ
һڵϣһȻһѩǻ
𣿡ʵ
С۴ʱȻߵߣֻСı̽̽Ļƺһ
ʱƺЩ֪΢΢Ŀ߶µķ˸档
迴ģɵôʧɫ
ӣˡ
ƴѹסʱ𾪣³
³ʵ
ͷ֪ɼˣܼܲȡ
⻰˵ЩΥģ³ͻȻҲȷʵ벻õ˵ǡ
ˣҪȣ
ƽ￴ŵǸˡ³ü
ȴ˵ȻǲȣΣֻܳʵ
³ƤɨɨڵϵǸ꣬ЦһȻӽҪ£ΪӾǡ
˵꣬С۷ԸҸ˰ͻظ˳ҸΪҽΡ
ǣūסС˵
˼Ҹô򣬽Ȼ
СͷҴҵԶһۣæͷģūȥ졣
˵ͷ³һͬصᣬƬ֮ǰУСѾһС
³ɱбŵƣû˿仯ͷ·ոյһжûзһ㡣
ȴЩҡ
³ע£Խеĸꡣ
ոǰǸ꣬Լ֮ǰĿŶӵһģһ
ҲƵĵҵǸɽеá
ˣҲ𣬸ӲᱻλдԽط
뵱Ǹͬ׵Ȼǰһѵֻɺ
ϣɺϣ
һʲô֮Ҳĳ֣ԼִҲ˵
뵽ܣûԤеϲһķҡ
³üĲԾ
³ʲôûʣⷴгסֽеȥĳ嶯

˵
³ĹϵǱѰɴԽʱ飬޷Ų˵ᵱǺҲᱻħʲôҲ˵
³Ĵϻۣ˶ã
ɱˣ᲻һ˰ˣ
豻ԼͷһĪ˵ԩ޳𣬾ΪԼܹȥһϣҲͷ
⵽ôˣ
ѵʵѾҪȥͷ
һֻ̣顣
ͬģ³
治ɫȴѳ
ֻδԼʱ򣬻¶ţ𾪣ɻãɫ
Щһ𣬴ʧ˫ʳ𺳵ĺֹң
ƴΣȴ֪ԽˣԽǽЩ˿С
ⲻ֪ǳμ棬˵ɱ˲ʬȴҲδ˻š
¥һߣҲ־壬ȴ˻ã
·ĳ֣Ȼ֮䷽ңָ˫еɱʵͻأ
Ǹ꣬˭
Ϊĳֻʧ̬
ģ³ӿһ˿Լ˵ģȴ䲻õԤС                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰк

 62 

ʱָŵƽʺò֡
ȻΪǱŵ, Ϊ볤ƽӭ׵ֻ಻ʮ, ǸеĴϲ£Ҫиúװһ¡
С, Ȼڣ½Ѻǰ, ּҵλүҲһͬվ֮С
ֳѾں׫Ϊµ游Ӧ, ;Ϊ˳
ڼϼλþǸ߼, ǳ͢¹, ָᵽһ׵ý˾ûжϹ
ֳ֮ǰɹ, ȢΫݵصĸ̴޼ҵ飬ϧǴϽһĹ⾰, Ѳ, һʬҡ
ֳϵĸ鼫, εĴ֮, һ˼Ķƿ½Ȱ˵, ȴٲҵ˼
ʴˣý˼̤ƽָżֳĻҲǺ䡣
Դֻ֪֣֮ǽʶ˲پеӵܣĲ֪Ͻ, С԰ţȴվĵϲ
Ȼ֮ǰΣְƷ٣ֳ׫Ʒͬ
֮ǰַ˴ԺӸطȻ̫󣬿λüѣھĸۡԲԶ뱱Ҳֻӡ
ֵԺӵĵգ½֮󣬾ͼ򵥵ʰЩ˹ȥ֪衣
ԸСۺͺѩѡ˼ŵùСѾ͵ԺӣӶǼúõңõ
ھҲ֮أٻָʱȻǶ˼ѡ
ˣⱱǷҪȥӭ
½ʣĺݺݵĵһۣû˵εȻҪſӭӲǡ
԰գڳ˵ǼΪͬȥ
ȻûκγɣֳΪؼعأȻҲк顣
üĲ鲻ԸƲСֹǻظ𣿺ôļӡ
֮ǰ⻰ȴҲƮĶ䣬ֻסŲĺòˡ
˵
Լ׵ŵԭأɫɷףһʱ֮侹૵˵
һ䣬תߡ
Թۣһʧǵģֱޱʹ졣
ʱûСӺѾͷ۸Լ׵ĵĳ谮ﰵʹ˶ٰӣ
ˮתֵúɫˣͽ
ֳ򵭵Ƴһվߵޱģƽˡ
ΪָĵճӣһֱߣԼҵ֮ܰ⣬ֵܽһǲŲʡ
ԼЩֵ븮е˲ûʲô
Į˽ļֱǴһģ̳Ƶģ޶¡
ߵſڣҲɵˡ
³վڸſڣΪ䵭ɨһ۹վǰģ߱ϡ
ĸ磬ںˡ
ţ³еĮ㵭˼֣ĵ˵ͷ
δ뵽һѱıԼʾãƬ̣漴չһĨЦ⣬Ҳ³΢΢ͷʾӦ
ЦЩƣ³λ״μġ硱˼ֺøС
˵ĶУвɵ÷һůֻΨһǣҺںˡ
ܺúദȻּɡ
ºƲáʱĴ˵
³Ƴһַۣסֱۣѩ·Сġ
΢΢һЦĵ˵ͷ
ʼգ֮⣬δڳÿһˣ·Ƕһ㡣
߽ãȻҪһ˵ΪҲ˹أҪ½ӵŮ쵽ۡ
ٱ֮ǰ³֣ȥ̫ãΪ㡣
˵ͷЦүģȥȥ
뿪ã½ȥѩĴƬƬѩɫĶϣǡ÷ѩɷǺÿ
Ϊ˵Ĳˮѩ캮䣬Ʋðɡ
վڻ԰Ȼʱ䣬½̲סѵ
ͷҲص˵ѩѵãַѵԸڴѩ
½ӽմõѩվʱѶ촽ϡ
òЦ˵ǣֻפˣ纮֣ǱҵĲˡ
޷ϲѩŸɾַ˾ٶ࿴Ƭ̰ɡЦ                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰǣк

 63 

Կڣ½ӾһٸԸ, ȴҲֻЦ, Ȼûвʵĵ
˵̺꣬Ե谵ʹ˸ɫ
, ֻǰһӣūȥÿ
½ӵͷҲá
Ҫ뿪, ˵
кηԸæͣ
΢΢ͷ, ﴽǵҲûʲô, һ÷ζ, ֪տɱˣ
ſ½һۣ૵Ĳ֪λش
֪ƽʱﶼϲЩʲôģµĶǸƽ˵ĵСԡ
⡢⡢ƽҲû÷İ
ͷ亹ɭɭ, ½æЦĻ, δ÷, ˡ
û𣿻ǿϧˡ˵, ½ӹ˹ǡ
ζԴĵЦ½Ҳųһ, ֻǰָеǸܳƺͬһƵġ
½ǿһĨЦ⣬û˵, ֻ˵޷СѾߵǵֻҪһͬȥַΣ
½һæ˵á
Ц, һͬȥɡ
ǰһūףԵƬ̡˵ţߵĸǰüΪū澴·
һССѾɫưƺ˿δжȻ𼸷ֲ
Ͼ޹ȥѾߣҲõֻǿЦ
뿪֮żԺе÷ЦŶվ½ʵַˣ⾩ǵ÷ƺûΫݵĺء
ɡ½ӵĻһ䡣
賶˳ϵĴ멣¯߱˵Ҽǵǰϲľ÷ֻϧ
˵˴˶٣ͣ½ӣȻ
½ӱô˸ͷû
ַƺең赭Ŀʵ
½ӸЦ˵Цˣݺεҵȶֻ𾴣û
˵Цַѵ֪ҴӲ˵Ц˵
ƺƣ½Щ£ҧѵǣʧˡ
ҵǾãַһֱ˵ЦءЦЦȻɫմѵĹأַ˼ѵԳƳ𣿡
½ӴƬ̣ЩɻĿڵ⡭
մѵĹأԱ檼үȷʵӦԳƳ檣½ϵĸףش󳡺ϣɲˡ
ȻϺأȴԡ
ַˣⲻ֮ǲСء˵
½ֻø׵ѵǣǳ檣ˡ
ԣЦ޷ԺĪҪٷͺá
˵ţƲȥˣַಽĸüĽ
磬²ù
ãܰȺڴˡ

ɡԹԵߵ֮ŵ˵
Լλ֮֮ǰ˲٣ü֮ƸĲݡ
ܰɫպҲƺԲЩڳһС΢ģ½ӵ
棬ǲ˼ɣһ˫ԲԲֱϿлֲм
ܺã
û˵ֶֻ豭һȲ衣
֮Уš
Ƭ̣˵
ɡ²豭˵

÷ˣ赭Ŀʵ
ָеĳûкʵ÷ãʴ÷ūδãˡ
ûкʵ÷½ӣʵ
½Ӹæ˵ǳ׼ܣȥ׼ʵ÷
˵Ҳ鷳ҿԺе÷ã͵ȡģȥժЩãַΪΣ
Լǣҡȥժ½æͷ˵
ԣȴЦſ棬δִֽŵģΪͷȥһˣɺã
һû뵽ȻᵽԼһ֡ժĿ
ſ½ӡ
Ҫȥժ÷ѵõĸȥ½Ƴһۣ˵
ٶ಻ԸһķԸ½Ҳ˻һǷȥˡ
ԺŮȥȥҴҵ񣬱߳á
뿪ЦŶ˵ӣҸλﱸùɡ
ǣӸӦ
ʱӱżС̧ĸصãָżС˽ֱ˼½ӵǰ
һ׵֮ӷԸС£ߵм˵λַ˵Ѿˡ
ţ򿪡赭˵
ӦһЩһһ򿪡
ɨһװʲɫ΢Ҳıɫ
ܰҲòȥŴʹＸΡ
֮ˣ½ȻӳסڷŵʲɫȻδ䣬ȴǸһ˿Թŭ
ǻƲ½ӵǰɨһжѷŵľӣЦַˣ׼Щɻϲ
װĶЩƾ˻ҳĲϣɢŵùЩǺˡ
˵һֱŵ½ˣָѾӶᴩƾ۵ѡ
ǿ衣
棬½Ӳ¶˿ĲЦ˼˵лʹ͡檺ϲ
Ȼϲȥһ˸ҿЦе˵
½һʵ˼ǣھͻ
ھͻŶ費ڴ˴ҵѾźַ˸¿ɺã
½ӻûü𻰣˵ѩַ˸¡
ǣѩ˵
ߵǰִóһ׵漴½˵ַˣɡ
½ӳƳ˺ѩһۣվҵ˼ֻ˵
ȥˣֻʣܰ
ӳ˳鴽ǣתܰķ˹ȥ
ܰ½ˣ㷲ʱ֡
ȴǰ߹ֱǰ
˳ӣ˵Ů
СùãղҿɫѰ赭˵
СùôĿнгȴĺݺݵļ̌ģٽڣæµ£޴󰭡
Сùãң㼴𣿡ɵģϲŭ
ȴ˸ǿЦŮҡ
ߣ֮ԵСɰк

 64 

ңȴСùһĴʲô㲻ȥ¶أЦһ
Ҵ, ͷȻһϸܵ亹
˵˴, ͷǰóһ֧Ϊ֧ͨǰϸϸĴ, Ƭ֮Цˣ֧СùΪϳġ
˵, Ʋߵ࣬־ͽӲķ֮ϡ
ͬʱ, ĶϵСù, ĪҪӲۡ
˶, ֵ˼֣ӿԺźء
Ȼ, д󾪣ֻӴԸķ, ̵ͷƤ顣
, 赽ׯ֮񡭡ˡ˵, ߸һĨЦ
Ŀ, ֮ǰרȥׯϴ̽ԭ, ǻűѰͷŪãҲʡһֽš
豾½ӵˣ֮ӦźȨСԺ, ףһ˰ˡ
Ӱ²ƽ׵ʧõĻᣬûҲѼˡ
գûüӣ˶ǵ¶Թ˲Ͼʱû취ȥնݳ
棬ڳ˹ȥʱׯϣС˵ʬ嶼˺ɽҰ޿ʳĿȫǡ
룬ӳ²࣬Ҳˡ
ΪκȻ£˸ӹ˵ģ

ĪǣҪӵ
뵽˴õɴӣĿ裬΢е˫еģ˱ɱ⡣
Ҳڴʱ˺һЦСùã㵱ϳĵĺء
Ц䣬ֻǰһ󷢺ڣӻ˻Σվס
СùãҪСӡַסֱۣܴǵʹ
ſֱۣתȥ߱˵СùúǺϳģ͵ҺСù볤ƽӵ»֮ϲɡ
˵ţĿ˵СùóҪ֧˳˳ġ
ԣ״ʱӿͷƺкܶڽһ仰
Ůˣʲô֪ˣҪ˵ӣҪ
ʱ⴫ͨժ÷
бһԱ߼̧ͷܰſ˵ɡ
洩Ű׺ƤĴ멣ż֧÷˽Ů÷ժˣĿ
迴һֻۣǵݸһɫ
ߵĸǰе÷ӵϣ֮߻ĸǰ˵ţ÷͵ǰ
Ƥһ֦ͷʢŵĺ÷򴽣ܰʵ⻨Σ
ܰȻһʣǴƬ̣Ͱ͵ĴŮΪ⻨
׶˼ˡ
ĻĿվµ棬ڵ㣬⻨ժģ
治мĴ˴ĻȷʵŮժ
ͶˣҲֲö㿴⻨ء
ܰһʱ÷ˣ⡭ûع˵㴩ɫ멣ѩˮδմϰ֣ѥҲǸɸɾģˮĺۼء
ɼ㶨վڻϣֹһ֦ǰģ˵Ŀɶԣ
뿪ڷȴӳֲŭģ΢Ҫ˵ĻһҲ˵ڡ
㣬ҿ㻹Ӧ˴멣ȥժǿ֦ͷߴĻԳ𾴰
㣬˵𣿡Цʵ
вԸɴʱϾǱݣôҵڲԸ

ǣֻܸѵǣǳŮˣŮȥժ
ʲôĻʺˣȥҲܺúõĽ̽Ը
Ӧһֻߵǰɡ
ݺݵĵһۣбϵܰһۣŻٴ߳á
۹⻹һĺãһ۾ܿ÷ĺûءܰЦһ˵
ܰк޲ѹ벻źãʵҲֻЦˣŮҵ
㼴ҪѦҵĶӳˣҲûʲô͵ģһ֬ˮۣ͵ҸЩϲɡ
˵ܰæ˵Ůлʹ͡
ˣлǲأֻŶ޹ȥ֮úõ֬ˮװԸɲҪѦҶǰʧźá
ܰԣɫʱޱȡ
豭һڲˮ˿ܰʱһɫ
ʱ½ȻѳѩΪһļĳȻǱЩҲϾɡ
Ϊȫɫֻڴ׺ЩĺɫŮӴ˵ǻá
½ϣôһѣѵĴӸٻ˼ҵĵҴӣ˸·ߵ𱡣
ֵ½ӹȻϳġ
˵꣬վΧ½תһȦߵͷ˵ɫ߹ţĵַ˵ݷͬѰ
½ֻεЦ۹ȷǼõģлʹ͡
ţַϲͺãҲûа׷һ⡣Ц
½֪ǹѣҲǹ棬ȴֻҧ檣л
ЦЦĵ˵ͷתķ򣬡Сùãɫôѿ
æŮȷʵЩʣɷݳŮȥЪϢƬ̣
Ŷ岻ʣүиҽСùΣüʵ
ŮֻЩЩƣۣͲͷҽˡæ˵
״ڳ֮ǰ˷ǴĲνҽģ˭֪᲻Ǳ䱾ĺұţ
Ǳ֪ˣ񲻾ͳЦ
ܹ޸ƽӣɡɼ޹ȥ֮ضܺүͷ˵Ĵ
ʱվˣ¾ӵֶסˡ
Сùúαҿ㼴볤ƽǿɾͲˡ
˵˴Ťͷ½ӣʵַˣ˵أ
½ӱʵЩΪѣ˽ǲϣ˳˳ļǰͲγʲôëźá
ָãָողűǣϾǸȣʧ棬Ҫ
ߣ߲ƣסָİѱǶĻ˵ʲô¡
½񣬿ΪԼ˵ǰ;ҲΪԼŮںӣȨ֮ǴԳ檿ֻ½̫¡
ߣ֮ԵСɰġ

 65 

貢δ½Ӹæߵǰ, Ҳǳ檵Ĳ, ЩæĻ£Ҳûкúչӡ
Ǿƣ, ͵ůȴЪЪɡ
½ӵĻһæЦɩɩ˵ﻰ, ûй˺Ըӡ
ްˣл, лɩɩ
ĻаЦ, ֻ˵ްͺ, СùûҪһȰ伲ҽҪӵġ
ַ˿Ҫչ, ĪҪСʧ󰡡
Ļ˵ò˵Ķȴ·ָ
д, ΪԼȻ֪, תһ, ʱΪ, ½Ӷδ֪ε֪ģ
, Ȼ˰нӵ˾ǣЩӰķӵ壬Ѿɫ
һ£ֻҪý, ҲΪаһʱ̲ĵͷϡ
պЩ취ܻṮԼںĵλȻΪĵأ˿̽
½ⷬҲһ
ЩӼȴֺȻ֮˵ǷѣĪĻʲô˲õĲҪˣ
Ƿ񿴳ʲôǴְ䣿
½һʱ֮޷϶ֻƳһۣѵǣõӣһ⡣
ãַ˹Ȼǵͨ͸˶ü˵
ٴ֮û֮ǰĵȥ֮⣬˾ǵͷ·ҳһ
Ҳ˵УԴÿһɨ
½ӵľƣܰĴ־壬һС
Цȴǲɫֱڳһ߸ϲһļ
ժ÷ˡվ˵
ǣɡ
˴멵Ҵ߽ãѱûԭ۵ĴʱʧѪɫ
÷ŮѾժˣĿ温˵
迴ֻǶԴʵ÷𣿡
ū澿Żá
Ŷֻʱãүȵòͷ˵Ц˵ɣЩʮЩ÷ң֮͵ȥɡ
԰գԴ˵÷ҵúý̽Ҫ֮ǰζͬС
ԣɫɷףδü𻰣˵ǣģūһúý
áɫ磬Ҳûظˡ˵꣬ȥ
½ӵ˸æͣߵſڵʱȴͣסŲͷԸôַ˲ҳ𣿡
Ŷ롣½ҧǰ˵
ȥ׵ѣκûĻᡣ
ŮˣǺݡ
ϵУﻹа֮ǰӰӣ
һ֦ͷˣ֮ǰѹŵίջڽշ˳ǡ
ѾͷԭĻŮӣ֮ǰЩɱԼʹļ
ǰǲ£Ͼⱱܳʱδ֪ʧգƾ½ҵȨƣβ˸ʧ
ǺߣǾ͡
½͵ۿ˿Ĳױݾ£Įģ֮ǰĪСﵱʮֵơ
ĪСҲ䡣
˫żȻ͸ĲмܻΨеǼ¡
ַˡ΢½ӵ˼
½ӸæкηԸ
֪λںδȻʵ
ĻĪСλ񰲷ݵլ½Ӵ
Ŷȴǵ֮ǰǰΫɽׯﰡʵ
Ļǰӹ˷Ըָ˵ȥ죬Ѱ׵ľǡ½Ӵ
֮гֻȷʵķԸģҲȷʵùָܼȥ׵ġ
ĪСλ֮ǰȷʵһֱɽׯϣһֱ˹ʡ
½ȷʵδ뵽һ㣬ķԸϲ˵ʲôȴǲ
մѵĹأǲصģֻԱذɣλȻҲǲõġ
˾ıҲƷ٣׻˵ĸƾӹĪСּҵĵλȻǷտɱȡ
Ȼ½ҲԸķһ׼Ҫˣʱ֪ҪŪʲô鷳
б½һۣЦá
˵½ӲԵ˿ȴԵúͿ
ǰȣȣִҪ󶼲泩𣿡
תĿ½ӣжϸĺâ
½ⷬ£ƿԡĪСȣɴ֪
⣬ǳˣͷԸ˵ȥĪСλȡأڡ
½ӻδ˵꣬˵ҿŸΨַ˵ˮѣͰɺã
ԣ½ӺݺݵԭأҲ벻边ҪĪСλݣҪλ˯һ
ԹҲûмλݵĹأУ
²װɣ½˵
ĴĿڵŶȴ׵ĺܡ
ַ˲Ը׵λͬһ֮£Īʲô֮ɣ
½ͷһ૵λֻûׯϣнݵĵ
ַ˵ǿ𣿡ƤĶ½ӵ۾һһʵ
½Щĵͷ檲ңүҲ֪ȷʵϹأ¡
أ˭Ĺأüʵ
½һûпڣһˣ˵óǺ
͵ıָ˵Ļǹأ£Ҳð죬Ҳð죡
˵꣬ǰһֱŵ½ӵ۾˵ַвԽִˣִڳ֮϶ᡣ
˵ȡ֣ǿѣǴұᣡ
½ɫһ䣬˺׵ˣ¡³ȥǡ
ԣһַˣס˵Ļ֮󣬻ַ˵ȥ֪һʱԻݼĸ
½ֻԵģʱһá
˵ͷ˵תǰķȥ
½ǿ̧ıӰɫޱȡ
ߣ֮ԵСǣġ

 66 

ǰ, ֳҲɫ, һԲɫ԰, һ겻ģ
Ψˬ۽üҽЦ⡣
ү軺Ʋߵǰ, ոմ㸩񣬾ͼ³æ, ˰ķס֡
ӵΪ䣿³ʵ
ᳶ˳, ˫ڳ, ΪѩԵʣЩء
³, ϰԵΪקק멣Ǿ, Щظɡ
ĵ˵ͷ, Ҳá
԰, ĻƳһ, ȴδ³ǣת, ˿Ըͣ֡
ĸæü½ӣлһ˿֮
ֳĵ󣬼Լ׵װҲǳһ, Ҳδ
󣬼ģ˼磬߱˵ĸ磬ѩ·ɵϸЩүǰܣ׿Ĳ㡣
ԣݺݵĵһۣκ֮ǰǰȻһ档
ѾͷСҲŷ죬һؾƷ٣缸ƽƽ
ûаְֹֿƾﻹʲôСȵģ
ױͶϲȫƾԼܳ裬ڸǰţǿڸ㡣
ŽֿԺӿǲܺˡ
ƣɤ˵Լ·ĪҪң
ҵ·ҵ·ڿҪĸĺЩ˵꣬ͬʱݺݵײļ
ײһĲˤڵء
㲻ü޵ú𣿡𲻷Ķ˵
δ𻰣ͼǰ³Ȼͣ˽ŲĶ˵ִˣĹӵĻδ̫ˡ
æүѵǣ¹ƽʱڽ̵һ
¹١
Ļδ˵꣬³˵ִˣĹӻЩо仰˵Ĳ
Ҽӣȷʵ޵Ĳ˵꣬ЦĿʵĹӣ˵ʹأ
³һɨֻϥǶ˼ֻ֣ͨһڵأ߶µ˵ҡ
Щھļ±ҿĹӼȻƾĴ䣬Σ
³Ļһ˵ڣҲɫ䡣
˵үȮһ򲻺ãԴӾү¡
Ӳãǡ³бѪɫɫ
ʱ˵үĸӲãҲһˣĥӲþġ
ԣֻһҲɵЩ
Ҫ֪СԺе裬Сû۸
ʱȻΪ˵ȷʵ˽ЩԾ
Ψ³аЦ֪趨ȻѾ⣬ʵŶΪΣ
檿ӾСǾͲ絽θ죬ƽʱ²æҸӦţǺã
軰䣬³͵ͷ˼ȫڹ˸к
Ĺӣձ㵽ȥ뼮ɣ㰲ţִ˿ɻ⣿³˵꣬Ŀġ
ľɫɻҧ¹ٴȮӶлү񰮡
ףҡʱ̱ڵأҪΪԼ缸䣬ȴһݵŵñ졣
Щߵлү䣿˵
ҧҧָĹھ죿Ƕ裡
οҪС֮£չ裬ȥʹ졣
ɴľѳۣݲ˵ȥͲȥˡ
лүڵأ˵
³Ƴһۣתȥס֣ͷҲصָ߳Ĵš
軹⽫еϸ˼䡣
ĳߵԶˣĲŻһŤͷ½ӣȥѣӶ𣿡
½ӱͱɫףʱȻѵ⣬кίݺݵĶ˶תͷߣûж࿴һۡ
ֳĬĬĿ½߻ظУŻߵĵߣס
ĻĿһۣ̾ǡ˵εҡҡͷ
ֳҲɫأһۣ²Ķ
һ£ӶĴѻֲ̿˼㣬ֳôһ˵ֻõͷǡ
԰գҴҵȥﻹаְ
վָſڣԹ۵ĿһУ˵ĻڶвסЦ
ָ֮еЩˣи̥俴֦Ҷïеĸ͸ˡ
𿪵Ͷʯ·Ȼһʯǧˣָ֮ˡ
ʹ죡
ߵĸǰףӹæȻˣ׶ĸյ뼮ĪҪˡ
ļ˵֮תߣɵһӣ
ȴƺδֻŲδֵͣģǣ˨ڸſڵƬȻʧβ
ףĪҪһʶС˵־һʱˣֳͬĶıӰ˵
˾𣿡ķʵ
ֳĳ˳ǣΪһѱڳĶ̵࣬ĲǻϵĳŰˡ
ⷬ龰ڲǼ˵ĹƻŻԸ˲
ѾͷΪ˱ŴΪΪҪּ֪Ҳģ
ĳЦΪܱһŮ˹ƻ󣿡
ԣֳһӣ׵˼ǡⱾǱ˼
һĻֶڳܼĪҪʮж˻ϣв˼Һɰҡ
ΪּΣ
ֳɫ΢ҡͷδĿõҵʢɶҲ游˵
Ϊҵڳи֮Ī˵ּңܻϳ谮ĳƽҲ޷֮ȡ
ҶּеŮ޸˶֮֡
˵˴ɫĿֳҲּҵŮ
ֳҡͷףΪӦò縸ǰ㣬Ͼ֮ǰλŮӶδա
ңӲδ뵽ֻǻҪԸּҵɣҲΪ½
˵ƺʲôȻɴ۾૵ףĪǻϺͱҪԸ½Ҳɣ                        
ߣСɰǣ֮кϣôôա

 67 

½Һּף½һ㸲, ּҿҲ޷ⱻ۵ˡ
οĸյ, ʵȣи紵ݶ, ׵ıּҡ
ƽּѳɶ֣ȻҲǾ׿ϵ, ϶ڸӦûǷĵġ
ֳ˵ҡͷ㰡, ̫ǳ
ǳƽ⼸ܵûϵĳ, ܿ϶ɰ߹·
ĵһ, ֳһ亹
ѵλλʮ꣬, Ļ棬Ʋ¸档
ʮ, Īǰس, ǻĹĴҲʣ޼
ܶ˶統Ĺ˴˻ɰһ, һҹ֮͸ڱ, Ҳ˴ǹٹѶ̫ҡ
ʮ, سȻ˺üڣûмǴĻ½ڳеʢʼɰȻ֮
֮ǰ, ½ҽѡ㽫ı빬УȻ˾ܻϵĳҡ
ʢ¡ȴûеӡ
ֹǾЩ빬ŮЩǵó裬ȴһⶼûеá
ϥֻһһŮδ̳лλ֮ʱɵʱҲǵĻʺ
ϥ¿飬ѡҲһθĳ꣬ɾˣҲδκϲѶ
еĺ嵱ϸ˼֡
ǻͲЩ빬еŮӵã
ԣֻҪһδ»ã½ҵĴ᧿Σ
ֳֻͷʹѣģڸ΢˫пһ˿ԵΡ
ּȴڳƽ½ҡ뱱֮䣬̸ڣγһƽ⡣
ƽһңּҿνΣѡ
ȥɡ˵
ֳ˵ͷᣬһ·ϳĬ
ʱСԺȴ֡
˵ʲô㡢Ҫȥ죿⡢ôܣС￴̱ǰüĽ
ոյ֪治ðŷѩԺժ÷ȥ˳ġ
Ҹｫ滻κǴýǸβļѾͷո޹ȴ𱻴ȥϢ
λס
㻰أСɴӣ
ÿƤһգգĶСĺòˡ
㿴ʲôԼҶţСʱ˼֡
ʲô˵ģ˵ʲô
ⱱǰ΢þһ˵ȥҲҡβ͸߸˵ȥ
ԼǰСȻסˣ૵᣿㸸ѵûа㵣Щ
ڱǰ˶磬㾹ָҵЦЦ
ԣСױɫʧǵôˣ
һھ˼һӶˣǰ;٣
ⱱҪ;
ƤɨССˣ˶;ĲǱǸˣ
˵ʲôСһ
˵Ǹģ˵ȥ˾ԺӦš
˲Ҫǰ̣ҪҲȫˣС㶮𣿡ݺݵĶС۾һһ˵
Сﵹһҡͷ
ǰûһǹ˱ȨƣǾԲŹǵģ
ԭԭ֮ǰЩΨΨŵŵЩС΢ЩװģСѾͷСҧ˵
С㵱͸ĵĽһ˰ˣƫƫ²ģڿɺãŮ˷ҧһڡ
ⱲûָˣСรɡ˵꣬Ҫȥ
СҴקס½ǣߣǺú룬ȻԲߵģ
ˣҪȥ뼮ˣʲôԲߣӶĿСʵ
ĪǾú飬δûиƵķӡСﳶ½ǲţҴҵ˵
ĿСһۣҡͷ׶Աް취һϲ̨ʲôӣ
ңǻϹʣɻйȲ񣿡
ˣԺôһӰˣ
Ҫ˦СߣȴȻСϣԣϡзˣ
ƣֻΪСǼʧǣδ˵ĻϣҪߡ
֪Сȴקס䲻ţзӣĪߣ
˵꣬źѾߺǳǶҳȥһ׼ţ
۳Ѿ߳˴ţСߵſڣֻֽŹصʵʵ
ʲôüʵ
Сһߵǰ˵ո˵ĶԣҪѹǱһͷصûϳſɡ
˵һüСĪΪ׻Ϊҵȥϣ
֪ȥġСҧ
Ǻˣ˽ԣΪ˸Ӷȥﱱ
ӲΪκ˶ϼˡ
ǡ
ɫɣС˵˴գѡҪʼˡ
ѡ㣿ѡҵкιϵС㡭˵Ȼס죬ĵɴ۾һգգĿС
СĪ㡢ýʵ
С˳鴽ǣ
Сճ͢ĹأѡƷԱеճŮŲѡͿ𣿡ͺ
Сﶢ˫Ĵ˴£Ǿǵճˣ
СӺҲһˣĸԸİü£ĪΣҡͷ
ֻܷģΪﲻôӽ£ԹԵ빬
ʱ˻ϵŮˣҵ˶裬Բھ
Ϊ¸һаŮǷɻڴָն
ԣҲɵ˼֣ԥʵϺ٣Ļʺ֮⣬δٸϵ»á
ⷻ䴫ţλϿ֮ء
ģǽǽ˹˻ϵŮˣҲûǸº
ԣСݺݵҧҧֻˣֻҪ˹˳裬ǱҲù˼֣οĸף
ΣܺùĸָԴУ
С˵ҲӣʣС㵱˵ӣ
СбһۣЦģҪԸ½ӣеǰ취
ãǶӾ;СЦ
䣬ſѾߵš
£С˳ʵ                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰǶкϣôô

 68 

ү˹, ˵ȥһˡѾߴ
Сšһ, 𣬵չԹԵĵ뼮, в¶ˡ
˵ͷ, Сľǡ
ֻ᲻ᡭЩüġ
һԣǲԸ, ´», ǸǺã
СԷ˿, ˼֣˵, зӣԸȥɡ
İ, תȥˡ
С˳, Ѿ߽ΪԼ, һױ, ȷϲ޲֮󣬲Żȥˡ
СЩ, Ĳûݣʱֻ½һˡ
⣬뵽Ҫ½˵ЩʱĲҲ»
ӡСӯӯһݣ˵
½ӴʱȻ֮ǰѾ, »֮ǰڸдĳĦеů¯ƤбСһۣ˵ˡ
֪кηԸСʵ
½һЦСʱվ£õɫѣںڵķһ˿ңȲŮ
ӯƤϸۣһ˫һˮǺÿ·ʮ¶δκκۼ
ҲֲЩ谮Ҫӡ
Σ
ָǸ˸߹ôһҶѡ
˵ãˡ
ɡ½Ӷ豭һȲ裬Ŀ˵
ԣС˺˼ϣѾ߶ȲǰСϡ
ǰ¶˵ˣ½ӷ²豭ʵ
С˵ͷ
㻹סƽﵹСˡ½Ӽĳ˳ǣ˵
̵޷Ī֡С˵
½ӣЩСԴµ̬ȣﻹã༸ְˡ
ȴʵʵûǰ̣Ҿκοתء
ľСֳڴһ˳ȥֻʰ⸱̯ӡ
Сʱ̬ȣ½һֲ
ˣ˵档
үүǰʧԸǰ̣ҲùּҶ档
СҲѴ̡
½˵СͷδԷڳһ̵ܽӣһ
Ůƽﰵûﻰϲǹڳöȥϰ̯˵ˡ
ôưˣ˴ĿһԲ
˸ոշԸˣúԺﷴʡС㶢үЩĪҪΪ
ӽԺúõȥеָ棬Ļɱֵʱǹ˲ӡ
½˵꣬ƳСһۣˣ⻰˵ˣҲˣذɡ
СЦЦӽѵˣлҪԴ˵ء
½ü˿ͷĻ˻֣ʲô˵ˣ衭Ϳ͡
ԣߵСǰԵɡ
СͷƳһۣδĶСϵĲ豭һڣˣ鷳һһɺã
Ȳ軹ǵԼԺȥȰɡ趢˵
ӣ˵λĴƺڡСո˵ͼɫһ䡣
½˵ȥﻻȲ衣
ŵ˵ͷʱĵСһۣתãֽŹ˸ʵ
ʱֻʣ½ӺСˡ
ո˵ʲô½ӳӣС
Сֽ豭СϣЦӣ˵ʲôˣ
֪ʡ½ӣ
װͿ˿ǴɣС˵ߵЦȻɢֻԵҪ˲֪ǼĪΪ
˵ҪӽĪλϼҵؾǣָҪӽλ﹩ţ
½Ŀüʲôϵ
¶Ȼûʲôϵӵİ
ĪλķݣҲӿɻ˯ðСգգӣнǺ⡣
½һʵʲô˼
ӣ˲˵
Ҽǲ֮ǰû۸ѾͷҲù˭뵽ֲܳѾͷҡһ侹
ֹˣδ˵Ѿͷñµĳ谮ջſûٸɫɣ
ûʲָˣǸһֻŹ˻ңһԶŮҲƽȻѾͷ̱ЩûʲôⲻĳԹ
С˵ţü̾һ½ɫ˶û˵ȥ
ϻˣ˵ʲôֱ˵½˵
ԣСߵ½ӵǰѹ˵ӣֻƽնп̱͵һĥ
룬ѾͷյⷬɣʲôѪĻָأ
½ӶСӣǶ˶ЦѾͷʲôޣ
С˺һͷ˵ǣպǰҲ̹Ȼ
˵˵ӣɾпɣٻꡣ
ˣ˵
˵ʲô
½ȲģСﷴӣ˵ʲôҪҪǴô
Ҫʲô½ѹޱȡ
Сӭ⣬չЦ룬ＴҪޣүֳڸУϥ¿ӹؼį
磬ڴϥ¾ТΪΣ
½һʵҵ£

в𣿡
ӣңҲǲѶΪ֮
½ӺȻЦ˼㵱һֺ̣Ůģúݵİ
Сɫ΢δ𻰡
һ빬ƺЩ빬Ůٻ֮֮Ҳ֮Ժһ
ҲĺӣΪǰ̾ݵģǳҵ֮⡣
ӭ½ӱĵ⣬СﵭȻڹٻңǹ˵ӣȴû
Ҫ֣ҲֻܹӲͶ̥ĺ
ûѡ
½Ц˼ĪǣҲ
ԣСһҧҧʵ˵ĻȻ˵ˣ֪ѡ񣿡
һеѡ𣿡½Цһ
˵СԶлӳȫ
½Ŀˣȥɡ
Сû˵ʲô֮תߣִ򿪷ţƳһվŵ裬˳ǡ
СߵԶˣŴҴҵ߽ãŹϣ½£ɫʮֿ¡
ӡǰ
½ӷ·ŻعüһۣӣŮˡ


 69 

˳ӣᵽ, ɵǲǡ˵, ԼȻһ¡
½ҡͷŮ̽û, Ҳ֤ݣҲҵעһ
֪, ɴȥ𲫸ǰ, Ҳǻ㾡ˡ
üĪҪȥ
ȥ, ȥ½, Ц
֮භ֮լԺﲻ֪Ҫն٣ҵҪֵطã
˵, ܲĿСѾͷǰҫɣ
ͷ˵ǡ
æ˳ƽ£ҲõѡŮʱ, ʱȥ뾲˵һ, 벻ѡѡ
ǸŮ, ǲ
½˵, ӿڵóȻȥ죬үģ
½ĳ˳, ΪĻΪҵҷ
ǰĪ
˴½ӺȻݺݵĵһۣס죬ǰ֣
æͷǣūʧˡ
º, ƾĪȾᲢۣ
½ĪС䣬ֻһ󺮲ʹͷҿ
ǹ˶ĪȾҲᡭ
ˣˡ
½ַסǣü両ֳһ˿ʹ֮ɫ
ˣæߵıΪߵĶǣĪҪܻа취ġ
ҲºɣֻǸѾͷ
Ѿģ֤ݣ⵹Ѱ졣½΢΢ӣ˵
Ƭ֮󷽲ſ˵ӣľ˶Ѿɾˣʲô鷳
ǰҵǸҽԼļ˳һ֪ڱ󾹶Ǽء½˵ţһޱЦ
ͬЦɼӴء
˭˵ء½ӣЦ

ݳСֻû䣬ǹźʵĴ멣ǵֲסһĺֱͨ֫ٺ
亹ɭɭվȡ
ԵѾܰæסӡ
СסӣһɸСѾȥ￴ˣ
ܰ˵ͷūס
Сվ֮һݽյķţԼԼľԺӾһͷںҹ֮еޡ
Ŀƺʱܽɡ

С˸ȻЩڡ
µкã
ҧҧֽ˽ϵĴ멣ͷ˵ߣȥɡȴҹһɢ˳ȥ
ҹѩ衣

С۸ոմóȥΪڽϾȻǸꡣ
֪ڼһ֮󣬷԰ġ
³һԣĬĬĿĲһԲ
㲻ΪҪ𣿡С뿪֮ڲͷ³ʵ
³ЦЦ˵ΪҲʣ˵ΪҲá
ȷʵ֪¸³˵ʵƭΪѣʱ˵е˿
Ҳƭ㡣³˵
Ҷ
ãת֮ұ˽ߡ
ãϸ˵
ɫأ³ɵЩǣЦŵͷã˵㡣
лл㡣ĬƬ̣˵
ҷޣαл
³Ļɫһ仰³˵ȴһζ
лȥ³֮䡭
֪ΪΣԴ边Ը롣
жǷݿܣЩ㱣ֻȥѡ
صԼϤ磬Լϲ顣
ǰ빲
ΪԥѡǰߣΪʱԥ
ѵ᲻
˵᲻õǰ³ˣ
ӣΪЩˡ³ĻعˣǾȥŰɡ
³ЦΪѾԸˣϾãɺã
迴ǸߣȻʵ֮ǰǶŵ𣿡
³һ˵ͷ˵ֽ֮˵ʦżһ𡣡
ΪκȻ
а̾ҡͷûʲôʡ
³޹ʷı֮ɫüǷ˹
ֻʲôʱܽժ趢۾ʵ
³ӵ˼ǡ
ҵ˼ǣö˶˵һΪҪҴţü˵
ӣڿΪĿʲˣ³Ц
֪ǿԲ⣬Ҳ͵ԣѻûǸ㿡ء
³ԣЦŨ
ùţԸڷźΪֻ֮ʱ³ϵߣԱĿʾˡ
ӣҪҪΪһȥԡ³ѻ£бϣںڵķ˿ɢ£˼а˵ζ
»ͼֽʿˮԼȥһ
³Ʋ죬ãΪȥȥ
뿪ůųĳһͼֽϻôʧˮ׼߶Σҡҡͷ
Ķˡ
³ԡȴѾůУֻСϵ̨ѹһþּдȥȥ
ЦҡҡͷԱߵǸͼֽϡ
ڹУϢɽϵʱԣȴ㲻þͨ
ɾˣҲܿͼֽϣ˺ܶأ֮ɣĿࡣ
ö֪ʱѾվ
³תŷѾ˰ɫ£ҲѾ⿪һͷīĳɢڶа㴹ǰء
³űֱԵЩЩȴ̫
˵ţָͼеļ˵⼸Ƽ򵥣ȴֺܸӣأȱʲôƵģ
Ƿӻδꣿ
Цҡҡͷϵһͼֽ³еĺһ˵ٿ
³ϸϸȥֻ£ͼֽһмոԿĻԾȻϣޱȡ
ӣ³Ե޵
Ц֪ЩǷܹóЩǷɿҲδ֪֮ʴҽͼֽֿʱҲǰͼֽֿʱƴһɡ
³ͷ˼ȫ⴦ۡǽãΪΪٿԵ˵ͻϮ
Σɵǧˣڸеİ׮κθֿ¶޻ء
۾һ㿴
аָ˵ͼԼɼ˵ǵصڸۡɽݺػأϢϣײ˽Ҳֻ档
ңص⴦ٲɽ
³ӣ˳ָķƬ̣üصֱͨ˺ӣ
ԣЦ·
˵ɣȴޱȾ


 70 

³ã, ΪȻЩڡ
ʲôеͼֽ, ͷʵ
³˵ڽקǷ֮أܴҵ, õѡ񡣡
ңδѡĻᡣ
Ҳ, иõȥԶЩѪȷ硭Ҳ, ĸ, ֡
, 蹴˹ǣĶһ, ڵŶ˵ЩǸ, Ҫ뿪𣿡
³΢, ֽ뻳, ૵, վ᲻á
轫ǰǿ, ֮ǰˣΣ
㲻ġ³ͷЦ
ӭƶ⿴ã̾ҵѡ񣬴㽫ѩС͵ߵʱ, ע˰ɣ
ľô϶Ҳ᲻Щ˵
˵ǵһģ
³ҡͷûǵȥġҾ֪ȻΪԼЩ˵
ο㻹и磬Щ˶ǣңںˣܵһ˿һ˺ζҪԵġܵġĿĥ
ˡʹֻ࣬Ƕ㶼ڣıԡ
ԣ򴽰꣬û˵
֪Ϊʲôôƶ𣿡³˶٣ʵ
̾˿üֻ֪ΪұһˣңҲͬѡ񡣡
³΢Ǻҹлһǡ
ԼעעҪ޸ҵģ֮⣬κ˶У³Ц
ָκˣǹ˼ҵλǧ𣬻ɰĵŮȻʵ
³ĬƬ֮󿪿ڵӽ⣿
˵⣬ˡ
Ͼ֮ǰ³ѾɻΣ˵εĽôãȢ׵ˣһ
֮ǰһֱûʣΪ³δ
룬Ҳδػ
ˣǻ˵
ֻǴʱǱ˼
˵أüʵ
ԣֻ³һ˫Ȼһֱûϸ˵£Ӷǽġ
˵˶٣һ˵֮ǰ˵ʮʱһص˴ѡ
ʱĸҪЮֻ֮ɻϲǲ
ҿʷ̨ԴҲò
Լе̴ӣҲòӡҥֶβ̣ɱ㡣
޷ȷʵɱģֶǷʲôϵ
֮ҪӭȢ˴˵ŮĿģɵʱҲûѡء
ǣҽּ⣬Ȣ˭޷˽óԺúȹžˡ
ɾڳǰϦǹ˴˵Ůڹ뷿Ծˡ죬˶
󣬹˴ԴڳеҲ˱𡣡
Ҳ֪ԭ֮ǰҪɱʷֶ̨β̣ΪľҪ׮˴ڳе
ֻǽ壬ǹ˼С˵ɣֻҹ׶ΪĳĹ˴˲Ż˱ز𡣡
ôһоͱúֻҪʵʱ̾Ϣڹ˼㸲֮ʱһѣô˴˾㲻ʱҲˡ
ҪҪ˶ֹգҶֵҲʴȡ
ֵܣΪʵ۳ŵĻ壬ΪֶκɱΪŰĻү
ҳеһմѪĵвЩĵĳЩ˵H£ͳͳ
ҲǴʱҲŻ˼֮ԶԶҵ󡣡
˴ûþͲ˼һǧɣŻϵĳŵУͬʱҲ˳ڳӵжд̡˽ǳ֮졣
ŷĵĽҵϣΪΣΪֻܼûĳţҾ޿ܻڴѵϡ
˵³ЦӴˣҽΪˡ
ҲǴʱʼ̫׳󣬽ʼҳãɱйԱ¾ա
Ȼκ˶ҡͳΣӴұ㽫󲿷ֵľԶ̵̫ĶԿϡ
³˶٣˵֮ǰɰֻǰسǸ׷ĺкܶسΨհ
϶ãڰ಻סʼʩɰΨһĵŮ
ɰһ򲻺ϣϱ˵ҷҪȢĵŮɣֲҲŻ׮¡
ջϵļƻŮӱ»֮ҹ͸ȥȴƫƫ⡣
һֱĬŵȻʵװ裿
ʦڣ²δ̫Ĺ˻ϵҽ֮󡭡
֮ŮӦ˵ɰװ½ߣز֮ȻּıʵʩҲ¡
ʵʼͼ֮Ϊ˰ѻϵĿƣɰ֮ʱѾʼ֣Ҳ硣
˵³֮Ӿͨ͸
ˣ˰ڲ֮ǰؾǱĸռȻ֮ҲִС
ֻؾǸǳƵ¡ټϵĸİȫƱزóȻ˺
ҪȥЩ£ʱҲٲΰ롭̫ЩҲδȫȥԸɣ
ԣ³ᳶǣе軷ø˼֣ſڴ׻˵룬񾡹ء
ϱͶҶģһٽ̫̣Ȼȫ˼Ըҡ
̫̾Ͳ𡣡
˵ͷ˵һ߽ɱ̫еľӢӮ˹ûϾ㻹õļֵ
Уַ̧̧ŹһЩ̵̫̫̼شֲڱȫ𡣡
˵˴˶٣̧³ĲҡͷЩ಼֣ӦѾһʿɰĳ͢س
Īǣȡ֮
³ͷĶӣʵ˵Ҳϡλӿţ
迴³ɫӣĿӳеԼϤϣЩţϲ
Ըϻλ
ǿĵġ
š
ҪǸλãҲ㡣
³ͷ֪ҡһҴδɹ
ˣԶҷķҲԶߣ뿪ʱ򡭡κ˶ס㡣
˵ԣ³סңǴѵĻʵ۲ܡ
ҴûҪѵĻʵۣ֮ǰˣ֮ˡ
ˣɢˣαúɽҵԸ⣬ΪɽҪǿԼӦŮӣҪ˱ŴڽӴǿ̫࣬Ϊûôɵء
Խ˵ԽûƲû־
³һĻЦ̾˿˵ˣû־ҲνǮС
ӣ֪ΪǮ³ԣɴʵ                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰǣк

 71 

Цգգ۾Ҳµġ
Ŷ³ü, ֮ḩ˵Ӳµ׼, ΪͦǮġ
Ƴһۣӥ, ڸо֪ܵйصϢΪԼ, ǰװ˷ѣ
⣬õľ۹, ۹Ϣ, Ϣͨ, ׬ӣ
ȻʲôסӰ³˵ţȻֽ
һ, üʲô
ɫȻһͬˡ³, ɷ˵ıȥ
ͷ˵, ĥŷҲ, Ҹ
, Ҳ򲻹ҲƲ, αطǸأ
Աǣֻס³ĲӣΪԼѰ˸ơ
³ȴһͷö躬Ц˫
ӣ
ͣ, ͦġʡ·ˡüЦ
Ц⣬
ʱ³Ȼ㽿εЦ֮УǰǵɫĴ΢΢һεһ
ͷȥɿһǡ
ѵˮ˲ַֿ
һɴӣЩŸոһС
ӣģƺеδ³Цɷˡ
оϷʣǿס궯װһģüͽӣ
³գգӣӣҿ˾ķޣΪӶҲ쾭塣
𣿡С
³ȻûĻʵ˵ʲô
迴ڳٳߵӣʹĴȥʵĲһ¡
³һŤͷȥ˵˵ˡ
ӣոռΪ𣿡³ʹ˷Źֱӿ˼֮ķڴ齵࣬ԼչСʵ
ող˵ˣ˾ķޣôռأ
еᣬ·һë³ļɨţ͡
ٽһ³յø꼸ıǼ
ĺһĻ֮࣬ƺҲȼһѻȵϢͨ졭
ʲôʡ
䣬ŴȴȻһ
Ρ£ʵ
³һϧ۵Ĵ꣬С˵з
Ļָ÷ˡص
һͽ¶Ժˣʱӻüĸ뿪ڣӾͱ³§ס
³˵˻ҧҧĶ
ͻǣůʪĴ׻˲佩³ĻҲ˵
Ǽûгӵٴ
÷ֱ͸ǣ桭ȥɡ³˵
Ȼ춼ûлع
ˣȥɡֱ³ٴοڣӲγѰæǣү
뿪ĽŲ³ŵͷЦŶ˵ӣǼ
ʲôƿص
³չӣ㻹飬ո
ոţұʮ÷㵹ãֱӾʹȥˣ
³ӣЦŮˣȻһĳ
ôˣʵ
³ЦӣΪ˵ҷ򸾽ǻֱ֮ϣΪֻûһӡ
˵ţţ۽üЦ⣺ΪϲĳԽԽϲ
ӿ̲סЦģĶаΪү԰
ֱһ
һʲô˵ʱͣ³æ׷ʵ
ǣЦ֪ƫ㣡
ȷ˵³˵ţӴյñ˼֡
֮ȴѾ޿ˣıʱȻǽϣ³Ĳƣ˸֪
Ȼ
Ǿ˵ţ³̯˰ơ
³˴ʲô
ЦüթһֻıóѵСꡣ
룬ʱۣ³ȻòôȻؽոĻã
ð³˵߷´
£ֵЩԾûпǮһôʹӦأ
ӣ㡣
Ĺ³ȴĴӴ·ľϻƵǰЦ˵
ľϻӲԼĪװεľϻСϵĻƵǼΪݿЩԶȴõüΪɾ
ЩɻĿ³ң
͸׼ˣ»֮ҹ͸ӵģֻǱˣһֱϵڡ³ЦЦ
»֮ҹҲһЦüֽľϻӵ
ľϻİڷһһ
һչˣֻһۣ㵹һ⿴ͨǡǮׯ
ǮׯǴǮׯܵھǣֵ鲼ϱ̻ܶǮ׶ǮׯһҿߵƱ
νһ⣬ȴ벻Ļϰ徹³
ſƮƮֵֹ⼸ס˴Ѱ
򶨣еȴԱ
Ľеۺ÷Żԭ³Цһ
һ¥
ܺãЩ̵̫˻ǲۣѡѡȥѡ³ĵ̸飬ⲻʲô
¥һȫǸظǳ¥
Ҳ֣Թž¥طϢΪͨ³ƹӥвϢȻЩط
Ǿ¥¥ַЩҵ鲼ڴѸ򣬲һ㡣
֮⣬ܽеֵҲ½ҵһЩҩУ̵ȵȡ
֮ǵ
ٺ»³ӵʮׯģһǧҡ
ȥЩ»һٶദҵũׯԼǶദҲǶзء
һűϣ
ǰֹǸɵй
ӵеĲƸ֮ϵĹҪӯˡ
ﻹʣһûд򿪣ȴֺľϻ
ôˣ³ʵ
賤һһ
֮ǰ³˵λʱˣɵлЩǡ
ϾʱλӵɱȨϵȨǰκ˶ܺĶ
µͷ³ҲܻΥԣĳŵ
Ͼסջ
ɴӽտ³ס˴ѾԸ⣬ʱԲһһ͵߸
˼ɵģžֻбеĸ˰ɣ
ӣΪǮɣ³Цʡ
ȴüĸףȲ𣿡
ߣ֮ԵСɰǣк

 72 

³ԣ, Ĭòҡͷûа취ˡ
еɭϣ־, иδزܲһ˵
³Цһĸǻõĳ, ޷֪ױϹںδ
üĽ˵ÿԪǰ, ϻᰲĸһ档
ԣ³ɫ, οƵļ, ˵޷, շܻзӵġ
ա³, Цһ
ΪԼⷬеʹЩ, æָľϻʵЩǸҵģ
³δü, һѽľϻ뻳, Ц˵Ǹ, ɲܺڡ
㶼ڣοЩ⡭³δ˵, ü˵Щֲףɻ
ӣ벻㲻ĳã̰Ǯء³̲סǣЦʵ
һ, 㶮ʲôԺҪ·Ҳ̲ǣδѡ
·Ӵܵȥԣ³ü΢˵ͽӴ˹
յǰĿӣԼ˫ɢ⣬ʿˮʵĶȥҿ᲻ܡ
𣿡³Щţֱ֮ƽЩ
費ɵŲŲСɲǣˡ
³˫ɻ󲻼ֻܽ˵ֻĥţԺүˣⲻҪ½磬ɽˮʲôģӶЩû԰ɣ
³˳ӣȻڵӵ˼ǣΪԺǵĺǣ
ĶĺȫԼոյǷᵽֶ
³ЦȻҵĺ
ҡ૵Ĳ֪˵ʲôźã³ȴ䲻˹һӾͽѹ
ƣľ䣬૵ӣҪΣ
գգӣû˵
ӣ
³ĺӣ
Ǵδ
³˺ӦǸƯɰּĺӰɡ

˺һӶ뿪
ͷ͵ӿУ˲ѹ̧֮ʱֻ³ĺʹҪĴϡ
˼ʶĲͷȥܿ³Ҫµı
³סĬƬ֮򴽣δȴҲδڡ
ܵĿʼóĬ̡
ڣ˵еˣ簲ðɡ
³¶Щʧɬͷãӵġ
˵ֽ꣬ĸϣ֮뻳Уҹ䣬ĪҪźá
ȵϢ貢δܾ΢΢ӣźۼĿ˼֡
ԡ
Ժ˯֮ʣֻһ̾һģ˵ʱܷĵĽԼأ
ҲõģϾҡ
ݲϸЩСʧĶϣֻһ̾

ոԡϣѾΪʸɳĿԼЩ׵ָա
˵ָֻǸŮСҲǳóĹ檣쿪ʼ˵ŮϣԺöҲûġ
ССͽţ˵ЩƽҲ˵ƽĶ۶Ůͦġ
Ǹ֮⣬ЩʱܰǸŮø׵۰
˫ֿʮָմˮÿջţУοЩֻ
ˣһɣҲһڵĽݵĸǰ
ûƳһۣȷĶɡ
ԽԵСϣĬĬ˵һߡ
üƣۿȴ˿û˯⣬Ժǽָʹ
Сˣ޲˺ҧݺݵ˵
δ䣬ſڴһ΢ߵЩͷĿʵˣ
ҡ
Сɫɿ˼֣ݸһɫʾǰȥš
Ƭ֮СƲ߽ů
ȥᡣСǶЦЦ㿪ڴ
뿪СߣƳСϵĽЦ⽪óΪ㰾ģôûȣ
ƲƲ죬ҪˣǸʲôã
С̾˿ֽ͵ǰҪʲôԺôҷң
ûĽӹСеĽһ֮Цָ˸͹ˣ˭ں
֪Ҳ֪㲻ͷ㣬ɡ
С˵ɵúȦҡͷûãԼŮ˼۸ҲΪ
Сᣬһֻ˵СҲԷƱǼűͷ½ǰҲ̧ͷģοŮң
ǰϾ߳һͷǡС˵ס˿ڣֻǲסҡͷ̾
һ̲סʵСﵹ˵˵Ҫβܸ߹Ǽˣ
СҡͷȻǻ׹ݣҪ볬ֻǻϵŮ˲ˡ
ϵŮˣ૵ظ
ԣС˵ͷЩǣǻϵŮˣǰչ˵Ǳ˶Ҫģο
˵ͷ˵Ҳǡ
԰ЩܹμѡŮӻĽܳΪϵŮˣҵõϵĳңǿɾһˡ
С˵ţ͵ۿ棬һ֮ɫ˵˵ŮĶ࣬ӾӣһΪ˻ϵĳǿɱȼһĹٻ˼ǿöˡ
桰šһ˵󹬵ŮӺŮѡѡŮٻ˼ĵճŮӷɡ
˭˵أЩŮмõģҿڣܹὫЩŮӶȥûϳҡ
СĻһɻգգӣʵС˾ã
ȻֻϧСü⣬ֹ
ȻСﻰе˼ΪŮѹûвѡŮʸ˵ȥҲͽ͡
۳ܰһһ޵úãȴ䣬ܸģ
˵֮ǰ裬ֱȥ˾׸죬׻˵²Ż´ǧҲûиףʱָԴ
ң½ӵСһֱͣ粻ܸ״СҲѱ½Ľͨ˼ȥܿ࣬Ҳǲܡ
빬ȥǰ̣ϧǵŮģҲֻѡ
뵽˴ơ
С˵Ҹôźã빬ͺˡ̾˿˵                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰǣк

 73 

С΢漴˳, Ҳ̾˵, 빬ȥͺˡ
ֻϧ㲻Ǵ½ӵĶģŵŮͷ, 벻ѵĺ󹬣
Լ˵Ĭ֮кȻһ, ̽ԵʵСܽŮϥ, ֪
, СװΪѵģ˵, ˼˵Ҫ½ӵ£Ů֣
֪ԼЩТ, С˵Ǹңɺô, СҲǼõġ
Ըǰ̶Ͷϥ, ҲѹСɫѿĽ, ҲǲԸ
ΨһԷĻˡ
빬, ΪϵŮˣȡϵĳ, Ȼһͳͳڽ£Щ֪ǿ³
뵽裬뵽ЩӺܰ䳰ȷӣ뵽ѹƵ龰̲סݺݵҧҧ

ǶԲԼ, Ҳˣ
ΨһѴ½ӡСƽﱾͲϣ
Сֻ˵ܲʵ
СʣּɫȻװΪѵĴҲǲУֻ
Ů֪ʱСΪѣŮֻһ·ߣСŮŮ±·ˡ
˵˴˶٣ίĳ˳ӣۿ˵СûǼŮģ˼ŮĵܣֻպҲǽܡ
ĵȻ˾;֮·С취ѵҪ˽Ů͸ʲôH˼𣿡
գŮŮһ֮Ҳùһܿ࣡
С̾˿óΪĨĨ۽Ƕ˵᲻㣬ɡΪǰ̣ƴҲҪ¸ɡ
С˵˿סС֣üʵֻ½ӹΪСǷҪȥף
Сĵͷģȥ˭۸ʲôۣﶼҵ⡣
ԣ濿Сļϣ˵СģŮ˺󹬣һҪС͵ܵܵĶģҲ˵衣
Сḧĺڷɫ˼֣ȴ˵ãĺ
԰գ΢΢¶һ˿Ц⡣

֮żǸѩ꣬ԳƶǸ׼μӿƾٵš
ֻǰմⱻ͵̲ھǾĿֲԸʹ˻磬ֻ˸ƾɵĻƧլʱ
ƫƫУǰվʷѩ֮±뽫Լʣӵ䵱˻ЩԵģȴڰ·Ͼͱ˹ȥ
ǡ˱ҪھǵĴˡ
˵һ֮迴Ŷ뵼һģһɵʧ
ԭֻǸͨţûһ˿һĹϵ
֪㡣üģȻ˵
һʵ˵ʲô֪ʲô
¸յǣһӼΪݻӭ׶飬Եİģ֪ǱӭȢ
µо仰ò˵
һı׳֮ɫЩЦʵ㵽˵ʲô
ʴΪƣǱȴѿʵڲԸλŮӵĺ󳾣ǱޣҲһҪ˵
һģЦüʵ˼ƺ֪˵㲻
˵ͷھվãǱֹޣòªᣬҡҾ˵ɱ㣬Ǹ
ȴ޸һˣ˵ĹȻδʱȻһˡ
ЦŨ̾Ź˵Ĳľѳۣ
ҡͷ΢üֻһڣ̲ס˵Ըຣ
ຣ跴ʵ
صĵ˵ͷټ׶ޱȵıǿຣµľˣôĿຣܿࣿ
ԣ˼Ҫߣ򴽣ʵ

Ͳ±ү֪˻Ҫüʵ
һ޸֮ɼȶôʥ֮飬Ҳõˮ֮ӿȪĵ
Ϊ˱ľ֮飬
Ŷ趢ӣЩš
ַĵͷԲʵǴ
䣬һ˳˵ҿǴͲˣڱ֮ŭ㵹Ǹúúó
һĻعӣȴ岻֪ʱѾվ
źɫϵŽɫīɫĳͷƽһɴǸĪߡ
ʱ͸ϸâ
סȣʶҪˣ˫ȴôͣʹǶ˵ϣ˿á
ҵűǰĶܣҪȥƿ˰ɣ³ɨ˶һۣԵ
ͫ׽Ҫ˵ӲЩĻֻɤӷͽ͵򴽣ǰֶ˵
³Цһô˵
үǻ硣ʱҲѾ˹³ǰվЦ˵
³ûƳһۣٲӾҪⲻ֪СӸˣ
̲סꡱЦүҲŹлѣ㵹ˣ
³΢΢ӣӣ
ǰ³ζ³ֱۣЦүʲոãҪҪһ
˵ո³мֻʱⷬϸ£ֹϨˣ˼ϲ
ҡ˵ţ§סϸ
ͷȻү֪ϲʲˡ˵꣬бһ۽ԭصĶԸӣͶŹӻȥɡ
Ӧһ
³Я뿪ıӰǳϰĺϳģ΢΢бż³ֱϵģԡ

Լ۾ͲԼһУ
˵޿ӣǸħ
˵ɱ㣬Ǹݶޱȵү
˵κŮӼ޸ᱻ֮ĥ
ôոտһĻʲô
⡢һͣǳķް
Źӣʲôɡ߹˵
תͷȥſӣ૵ңòΰɣ
ЦЦŹӣҼүƽģū澵ĿùҲΣպǼöˣҲϰˡ
ϰˡ
ֻᡣ
ո˵Щֻһת찡ʲôа˵ǰ㲻֪ǳĻ                        
ߣ֮ԵСɰ

 74 

ߵĶǻ˳ӣůͷ³ֶ˵ǰʲ趼Բ¡
Ҿô𣿡ʱժϵ, һſüҪˮ
һ߳ʲһҡͷҵǲ, ԽԽÿɰء
еԽԽ˳ڣ³չյŶõģ
˲ĺ, ׵ġЦ˵
˰˾ǳӲģոǰһӵ, ٲúúţֻǴӺÿġ
, ³ɫů˼, ۵׵ĺ˼, ջǹϸâ
ΪӴԼ᲻ӵɣʵ
üȻЦǳӵĴˣ
³ס, Ƴһ漴ͷɷҵ, ΪǴˣ
԰, Ϊʵ, Ϊɲԡ
ԣаС, Ĵ³δ˵Ļ
³һüĽʵ, ʲôãΪηҪɣ
ûʲôãеڲԣҲﲻ
컯֮ڮٵͼƾ, 嶼ˣ³˵
ϣζеѬ۾迴³Ȥ
³򴽣䲻վߵǰ־ͽ§뻳ΪĴ׶ˡ
˵Ц⸩˵ٸһܡ
һˮͲġ
˵꣬³һ𾪵ģ輸Ц
³ȷʵɰ
³סЦǰϵ裬Ƭ֮Ȼðһ䣬ΪҲˮ硭ʱӱһȣ
Цͣ³΢Ӳ˵Ϊ͵Ӧ˰
ҴӦʲôʱŻعЦʵ
³һıóѵģҡͷӴӦ˾ͱڣΪʱȻ˵
˵꣬ٸʵ׶æһתʵӣǸô
ģ̲סЦ㶨Ѿ˲ˣΣ
³̾˿˵ˣǸͽıڵӣĻǿ˸ţű˽ʣļҲϾϿ
޸ĸһߵõҲɾ䡣
˵ͷʵûһ˿ɵ㣿
ԣ³ҡͷԣΨ
Ψһ㣬ĳ֣۵ص㻹ʱ䶼̫ˡ˵
ǿƵġ³ü裬˶ֵֺƶ㲻Ӳܡ
ЦݣҲ˼ɵġ
ӴӲ֮ˣΪƫƫ³ʵ
֪³һʣ⼸ȴûҪδ
һԵɣĪ˵³ϸ˿ƭ˵ҲҪƭ
˵ʵ³ܹ
ûȫİ֮ǰ費Ըðա
ǣ³ʣֻҡͷ³Ǹڻܸԭ򡭡
ģɻֻ֮Ǹͨұ뿪ϸ׮ұȻ
ֻҪܶһЩʱ䣬𣿡
ԣ³ΣݵĳĬ֮Ż˵ãҴӦ㡣
ֻǣҲҪӦһ¡
ͷɫã˵
ңң³һһ˵
ɫдȴмּᶨֻۿᣬӿֺͻǣĸӿ
ż⣬³Ĵһ¡
ãҴӦ㣡˵
ĿԣŨ⡣

ҹָһƬæµ
վܰ޵ӣеæüǽŲմء
ȽǰæµլǸⰲ
סԺӣԺǽͷ϶ôĳΧ֮⣬δжϲ
ϣüչģǸҪ޵ӣ
˵ģšüģʵ
վǰԶͷū澣ڶҩ֮ǰܡСүͬ
̾һû˵ҩҪԵʱ
ԣū˵ҩٻҪٳʮ֮Ϊиȷе˵
Щͷ˵ҩҲãΪλã
ӱΫݵʱöˣҲҲ
ū澾ţЩתȫĹͰ˵ֻҪ̹⼸գСүԲͻء
˱Ļо÷ƣɻǲɵõ˵ͷ
ҽȷʵЩշӷҩȷʵ֮ǰЩɫ
ƽҲٸоη䣬θҲ֮ǰ˲١
Ҳ˲˵ҲŰ˾ǣΪӣ˵ЩҲȫûпܰ
ֻ֮ʮնԲȴЩΪѡ
һʼǻһ£ʱָνͣ
δѡ
ðűСүĵķգҲҪֹʮС
ȥЩƷ纮ҩ⣬Ը
ʵǴװ
Ϊֻ֮ˣͷ
ãūˡ
԰գŤͷ˿ҹɫԵʱˣū澷Щðɡ
ҡҡͷױ̨Ǹ˵Ļ뵽δںӣﻹ˯ţ
ٹʱϲҪˣ˯ˡ˵
ĬƬ̣ūȥԸЩʳտһ춼ûԶء
Ȼûθڣ뵽˵Ĳ٣ȷʵǰԵ㶫ЩǣĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ͬʱ½ڽһа׵˲ЪϢܰķС
ܰҲδã·
ܰ½
ܰعͷۿ΢죬㲣ֻ½һۡ
ܰôˣ½ߵǰʵ
ܰ򴽣Ůû£Щ᲻뿪ĸס
ɵܰﳤҪ޵ģĶһӴߣ½ḧܰĺڷ΢Ц˵
ܰ̾˿ĸףŮЩ¡
ܰ£Ժз۰гƽ̣ʲôҪ¡½˵
ԣܰüøĸף˵ѦҶ۰Ů𣿡
ܰΪʲôʣ½ʵ
ܰ˼૵ĸ֪ûţŮ˵ЩָŮкǲ
裿˵ʲôܰ裬½Ӷʱһæʵ
˵ŮѦҹӵǰװϸһЩĸ˵⻰ʲô˼ܰ½ӣʵ
ߣ֮ԵСɰǣк

 75 

ܰӣ½ӳĬƬ֮ЦܰĪ, 費ſں˵, ĪҪϡ
ܰҡҡͷĸ, 㲻ñ𣿡
ǼѾͷֹǱˣ
õһֺüı
֪ˣֱնݳƴź͹˴һ, ҲùձǸѾͷ衣
οĻ, һõĪСȥ, Բưոݡ
ǰԴĪȾλ, ıû˵ʲôȴտʼҲû޹鷿պ, ȥСԺҹ
Ҳ䵭֮˳ﱸЩ֮, Ҳδ˵
йܰĻ, ҲǺԸ̸, ̸Щʲô, ͬǷܰˡ
ǰ̸Ͼٰü, ȴҲպϹã񡭡İһˡ
Ҫ֣ͶҪǸˣ
ҪĪȾλŽݹţʧ
ĪȾǰеģβ֪
Щ, ӵλû֪ܲء
ʣ֣¼ųǼµĺڣ
Щȥ˱ӾǵͷѪӣҲʡ˷ġ
ѾͷڸýС΢Ķ̬ҲǼĮ˼ָ
ǲģЩȥѾҹţи紵ݶģȻ׷ŹѾͷ
֪⼸ѾӶǴѾͷһƭʮ꣬ĳΪˡ
κѾ˱ּûϵĳţΪǰŰ裬Ī˵ˣǸ״λүǰҲҪͷֵġ
ҪŤתľƣֻͼ֮ˡ
ΣҪܰ˳ļĳƽվȽŸǲСүǻϮ֮λˡ
½뵽еݣ͵Цܰס˶ǻģοÿǴӸŮһԾΪ
˵ΪǸ㣬⸮˶ΨΨŵŵССŮ𣿡
ܰͷŮĸ׵˼Ůܾõı仯Ҳ̫ЩѰ
δ½ӿڣüտĸ׵̬ȣŮָоȻֻǶһѡ
ܰϲӣαΪɵ񣿡½װɵ֣ο
ܰǳüչ½ֽ˵ܰľǣǼǺޣҲǼǺĸ֮ǰŲʶѣȴްġ
ĸ˵ЩŮ޵Ůʧȥҵ̣ڷҵҲù𣿡
οŮ޵ĳƽĹӣĹض࣬ڼϻСùأСүŮĴɩԺ󴦴ѹŮһͷҲ鷳
½ЦЦܰĪҪǣ¶ĸڣٲ㻹⹫;˾ˣڹкܳ裬ǰողŲ˾ۼʲôȣ
ĸ룬ⳤƽڳվãȹ̣ĵûϵʶأͷֱƱ
үǸˣȻʱƣҲСүͶһˡ
ⲻǰѦҵλںĵλƽƽ𣿡
½˵ܰչյĸ˵ǡ
ѦҹǸӲ٣˭СүӲأ˵ף֮λջѦҹӵ֮ˡ
δһǺˣһƷھ
ʱͿ˳Ľڽ£ǸʱҲܱ߹ȥ
˵ĸ˵ıǵ⹫׺;˾˶ǳسָ˳ճĹɱȵģ
ˣٹʱϲҪױˣһ춼ԺȲ㣬ĸһ㰾࣬һôһЩźá
ãŮĸ׵ġܰͷ˵
½΢΢ǣЦĸ׵ĺŮ

ϲ֮գ˪ѩ졣
³ָϿѩɫʱߣǹĮģڳ˶
ʵչӣҲȷʵû뵽Ļǰ
ֹˣЯһǰ
ԣⲻүǲĺãɼȻѾˣҲֻܱϥЦӭ
ֻߣŽյĻҪʲôӲźá
ֳĵףľǸľ׮ӣ϶ɫаϲ
ȻΪԼĺȻ֣ҲΪ볤ƽ׮ѳ׸Ĺۡ
׮£ʱֹûʲôϲģЩûΡ
оǶּԼ½δ˵ĵǡ
ĩǰЩѾ׸ȥ˼ƽﲻҪȥеѲ֣·ϱ֮ǰʶЩӸû䡣
ǹԾٷߺҲ糣еձѹ͸С߶֮⣬Ҳûʲô¶
ռ˱èҳһڣһСŭɷǣ֪ᵹʲôù
ֳĶ棬֮оΪ⣬ʱʱĶ豭һȲ裬һܼԼãʱֻû泩е쳣ĬҲú
ʱվĪСλǰĬš
λȻѾݹýľͷҲóɫĽ˿ľѲǼǼƾʲݵģ
һ㣬ȼ֮˶Ĳλǰ¯ʣĪȾĪС
˵꣬̾һɨǰڷŵĹƷ
½ȻĵģϹʱˮ̵ģʾ¡
ĳ˳鴽ǣδÿɷ
ģˣˣһŹֻȸǱ˳Ҳûаװ׽Եһ
ĪȾλһһ˵
᷿߳ʱ½ӺɺȴһŲ
λɲܶˣһʮһеĸɮΪоַ˿Ҫúдߵ½ӵĸǰ˵
½æͷģ檱Ȼдλɮʲô
ĺһɨȻЦˣѾַ˵£ָĵŮˣʱͬգǹϲˡ
ֻǿСˣСﳤŮ˵Ǳ˵ģ˱˵ĺŮˣ
汻⼸仰շ̣½Ӿڸǰֻܵͷ˵˵ǡ
ߣ֮ԵСɰǣк

 76 

ڳһ˳ģЦ, ˼ֱġ
һ, һЦŶ½˵ȹ˳Ϧ֮󣬾͸õѡʱ˰ɣ
һ, κֻĵб½һۡ
½ϵǵ, ֻЦŴüԡ
ûҪѡȥ赭һЦ, ʵ
½ɫ, ֻͷò, ¶Ѿˣվͽֺͼȥ񸮡
ôȥˣͣ½Ų, ΢΢ͷʵ
汻ɨֻ˫ϥ, һӾ֮ɫ̲ܿƵü֮䡣
æͷø˼, Լⷬɫ, Ϊ, 빬
漸ȥȴ½Ц֪, ⼸ոæλϲ£Ϊּĸ²
˵꣬Ƴһۣ˵ȼǵ˳檵£Ҳܿȥ
빬, ⵱ĸ׵Ҫ°׵źãй˽°ףҲ˳׮¡
üЦַ˶㵱御õĺء
½ӸˣΪľֻЩˣ빬֮һУҪѾͷ컯ˡ
½˵Ц壬˿վԶĬ棬ϻۣɿɰȻܵûϵϲǰ;ء
æŮֱɣҵ˳ޡ
ټʱؾǹˣлѣεˣ
˵빬֮ҪضǣڲߣҲϰˡ
ЦŽ⼸仰˵꣬㲻½Ӻ棬ǰȥˡ
ֻðǣ߶˼ֻ̹ǣȫ¶亹͸ˡ
½ӸбһۣüЩϡ
ǵģĸסȻһæͷӦ
˴լǰʱָѾ죬Ҳ֪ǳƽӭ׵ĶѾˡ
裬³æӭȥ˼ɵסԼӵС֣׵ȥôã
ţЦûʲôַ˺·̸˼ҳ
˵أֶ͸ˡ³˵ţԵѻ߹ūȺ¯еĻһɡ
ЦҲá
䣬³ͽеů¯˹ֽů¯ݸӣĽµ¯С
⶯һǳɣƺƵġ
ܵĶҲû˿˵˼ÿռ֮⣬ڳϻ˱ɫ
λȨأһ֮֮ϡ
˳谮պִָ˲ǴĲ
ʱͣЪ
ѦҵλɹŴɫϲ߽á
ѵ֪ͨԼǰ񣬹ʴ˽֮û˿ţֱӰչ³ǰ
ֻڼ˲䣬˽Щʧ
ѦоįϧǰȻΫָʱӹâ䡣
վڱߣķֻ̣Ǳʩ죬Դ˼ֵЦ⣬ȴ·ʲô㣬˲ͽĻǸȥ
뱱ײ£Ϊ˸֮ǰˡ
ϧ
һ̣Ѧӿûڡ
ڸָ׵Ը֮ʱ˵ԼҪȢ裬ܰǰɷŮӾˡ
ܰɻ֮ʱ븸Ϊ檣㲻㣬ĳϵһʥּΪ˱֮ܰǰͳɻˡ
վǰ岽ĵطһһЦɾ岽ľ룬·ģԽ
Ѧͷ߷һ˿ɬЦѦ
бһۣġšһѦҶӣض񡣡
ѦįڣվѦеޱȵ𾪡
ζûţǰλ̬򷽣仪ǵıָ԰мﾹͬһˡ
ⲻܣ
ǸͿֹۣ֬Ůӣôڶ̶̵ʱ֮ڻûǰλ߸ϵ
գգ۾ȫǰһС
ң뵱գָ԰¶Ůһ飬Ƿķˣǰλһޡ
ֻǣվǰŮӣ֮˼֮ˣ˼¶
裬ָǱ
¶һŮӣ
뵽Ѧɵ亹ɭɭĪǡǵܵܺɱ
ֹˣ
裬裡
Ҳ֮ˡɡ˿װġָ
һжȦף
ΪȢȦף
ôƣ֮ϣ
ѦλĻĵܵܣΫݶָ꣬Ϊ᲻֪ʵĿ
ˣһжˣ
ȻѦΪãⷬƲߣȻ裬òίȨǸģԼ
ΪʲôҪ
ѵֻΪ˳ƽСүĵλ
˰Ľ٣ϧѦһҲʲôŮӣ
Ѧⷬͷת˲֮䣬Ͼǳƽݵʧ֮ȻͷؾصѦ
ЦЦСүض񡣡
δԣҲضԡ
֮ԻָȻֻΪҪ
Ҳ֮ǰѦֵܵΪһ֮ơ
ʱһ˫۾δ뿪ҵ³ɿĲ׽ʱ¶ĨթǳЦҲһ
ָûô򵥡
ŮˣҪŲֻΪ˳һ˷ʱ򣬱ϾµĸۡҪˣӿæء
еĺ˳λӲͬʱ˻Σӭ׵ĶҲǲƺƵĴָƽķȥˡ
³δ򵥵˵˼仰֮󣬾
ѩлʻĻУ³бϣڵţ⣬Ӳ´ŻӲϷֵ衣
ӣ˵˵ɺã
üģĻؼίʵЩŲ¡
Ŷ˵ʲô
ܣ³԰ڳһίģ̾벻ΪӵлǻҪ
ԣ̲סһЦü⻰ѵǷģ
ԣΪǰʯͷԼĽţܰ³һҡͷһ̾
ֻ÷еĻӣֻЦеʵĪǳԴˣ
ߣΪ׵ЩȶԲСɰºкϣôôա

 77 

³΢ͳƽλ, ֵҷ񡭡ΪӼȻ˼ƽ, ΪβΪԣ
˵ףǳԴס
а, ȴƣֻЦʵҲ, ֮ǰǳƽСүҪȢҵ˼
˵̧ۿȥ, ֻ³Ĵ˳, 򴽽˵һʱ֮û˸õ, Ѧ˸Сæ
ʱֻǼڰѺĻ£δ˼̫, û뵽档
³Ĭû˵Ž˵ΪֵѾЩĽ, ֻĽһѻ𡣡
ƽȻǵз, ҲͲؿ, Ҫ׮¸ⳤƽլЩ鷳С
˵, ü³ʵΪΣ
³, Ƭ̣Ȼֽ뻳Уɺҵʱ˻վãδ֪Ѧ⣡
˵ҧݵģŻ, ҿӻǣǡ
ģĳŮӿɲһܵסģѦλӿɲУЦ˵
ΪΪ龫ǣΪим硭³һ˵һߵͷĶͷһǡ
ͷʵʲô
³еø˼֣˵Ҫ֪ǲ硭ȥ֮ڴΪϸϸ˵ɺã
ԣСһ죬ֽĻ³ϣЦҪ
ԱߣɷԲҹһҳϿεĹںǵŮںдϲ£ʵĽ
ȥꡣ
һ֮䣬ļݣ˷ǲϡ
ϻҳ̫͢³Ĳϴѹڷֱ̳٣еİ˴ȥʣµҲֻǿ֮⣬
̵ֻ̫Ľٹأӥ׮׮鲼ѣȫץҲδһƬ½ǡ
̫֮̽һղа̱㶨Ҹȼһա
ο̫̺ж꣬ĲƱЩƱһصĵطֻн֪صĵص㡣
ѵĻ϶ƱãҪҵݱصĹؼ̫̽ϡ
ʴˣϾ³أҲδ˺Ƥֻ֮Уҵ̫̽Ѱصˣ³Ī
ּ볤ƽһ֮Ҳǽͷö
СѦײҪ檣֮Ϊֵòɿ
֮Ϋ̫̽°һ²֪ô˳ƽڼٳٲСүԲ֮϶
һ۰Ѧͬ檵󣬲վ̧˺լ
׮ҲһȳΪ˾аղ෹ϲ٩Ļ⣬һʱ֮䣬йڳƽķԷңһ׮¡
µܰĶӡ
ײ£ܰͻУԭҲϲϼϲ⺢ȴֻܰĶ˲ĸ¾ˡ
ǶѦƽǸСĴ֮󾹱ܰСүһλйء
ƽ֮Ȼŭ˵լ檡
ܲס̷ֱӹ
Ѧ¶ɵۣ˭뵽ԸԼֶŮǵϱܰأ
ȻǿڿĺԩСүûʲô֣ϾýȢӣһپһ
ˣѦѾȻΪ˵ҲƫЩĸЭӲĽ¸ѹ
鲢δʹ˽ܰôίôưոݣָ½ǲģڼ½ڳܳ裬ﰵĸƽ˲ٵİӡ
ƽʥϳŶ꣬ڳҲв٣˷½ԣʵ˲ϵ̬Ҳ˱仯
ټѦ޲ǣҲһղһա
ƽ۳Ͽʲôָ㽫ȫ˼˶Ѧϡ
ѦۿԼСүλ᧿Σȴ޿κΣ㽫Թ޶йϡ
ѦýȢҴӣɹȴˮȣܰ¶޷ּҵν
ʱȴȻУ
˵ǸĵݣпȴǸ۲۵жд̡
ҲδĺӣȴΪѦĴ
գѦһڹӸȥκ׹Уж
ʱк¡
ƽʧȥòĳӣҲʧȥΨһĺȴΪԼӭ˷Ļᡣ

еЦװ߸£Ҳǹġ
ѩΪһȲ裬ЦɲҲΪܰƤһֱװȥʵס
Ϊƾ£ü˵
ѩһ漴ʵ˼ǣڱţ
ĶӲɱϾǺճίʵָϣȻҪ׼ġ
˳ţڼվãҲĥµ඼âǹӺݾǵĶϲġ
ѩͷԼǡ
˶ֿ֮ڵ׮ἰѦ׵ںУ½йأֻǻδõȷе֤ݡ
ԣЦ޷ֻ轫Ϣ͸¶ָ˼ɡ
˼ǡ
ƽѾˣҲֵָˡ
ѩͷūˡ
빬ѾЩʱˣ˵Ǻܵûϵϲ˿ڲˮʵ
ѩݹа׮Դ빬Ϊ֮󣬱Ͷ˻ʺ뾲ǲ
ոձΪ楣Ҳ빬Щаμˡ
λ־ɼҵλ㵹Ǻܵûϵϲ𵭵˵
ѩ˵һˣЩߵĳ˲ֻ֪Ц˿ޣǲ֪λһ֦㵽ʱ
½ӿҲû뵽ССŮ빬֮ܵõϵĳ谮в˾ڹеĵλ㲻ء
ǣʵүȥϽȻ˰ɣ
ѩЦǰǰϽǱ߲ŴϢ˵үѾ̻꣬ؾүĽų̣⼸վҪء
ѣôѾþء赥֧°ͣеһµĲŪо
һղһ²п͹˼ʮ˰ɣѩЦ˵
һۣˣ٩һһ׵ģ㣬ദˣ
Ȼ򣬻æҡͷū粢ǡ
磬еУദĲüЦ                        
ߣ½֮ԵСɰǣϡ

 78 

ѩɵú˺죬¶СŮ̬, Щ֮Ĺϵ
, ţѧʵĶ, 뺮ѩ㵹ãΪ, 硭
ūҪһֱźҵġѩĴĻ, ˵
һ, Цôļ, ҵ˼˵, Ҳҵˣ˭˵֮Ҫ뿪ģ
㡭, ѩһ
ü, ˵ҽտ, Ժһס, ҲӶʡ𣿡
ѩԣЩɵü, ĬƬ֮ſʵ˼ǡ
ҵ˼Ҫ»ÿ㡣Цŵͷ
ūԸ⣬ūԸһֱźѩæĵͷ
ۿ΢ģ̾˿˵ү˵ȥʿݣֺαίԼأ
ڼ֮ǰ, Ѿ¸˺ѩ
Ȼѩֻ֪³˫ݣȴ³Ŀ
³ȥ˺ѩʿݣӥͳϽһְ׮
ȻΪ³ھǵʱҲܹõһ֮йص鱨ΪԺѩΡ
ӥеĵҪȻΪʿѩеҪ֮
ū澵үģƶүǲūԵվѣ˿ѩɫ
ģ֪Լ˵棬ֻЦˣպ˵
԰գ˼Ƭ֮ſڵƽ֮нţʱһѻҿǼõġ
ѩ˼ǴĶ֣
Ȼ͸ЩϢˣܹ˱ˣȻҪ͸ЩϢַ˲źã˵ǲǣ
˵꣬ѩЦ˵ļ£ƽһүԣǾ͸׳顣
κζүˣûбҪϡḧޱߵΣ˵

ҹһӰɵĶڼɽ󣬴Ѳӵĸ߹ȥ֮ĵ˳
ҹɫһֱߵ԰ߵƧԺǰͣ
ҡ÷ţѹ˵
䣬žͱ˴һ϶һѾģŮ̽ͷ㣬
ǰεŮǱ˵ͷҴҵĶСѾߣȥ
ʱбҵĴϣüչ
£Сүɢ徣Ҳ¼һӳδˡ
Сүӣ֪ôһ죬δ뵽졣
ĿһԼ߸¡ĸ
УеǺճãֻףԼδСүԲĺ
ҧһ´Сүͷ˶˵Ļһһ䣬ġ
û˷ûãֻϢ
ܰǸֵʢ꣬˺ǵˡ
£Ѧ᲻һ·ֻܰ᲻Ѹ
ҪһӣҲҪ
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ԣԥĴ֮ǰūڸзЩߣԻϵֶΣʱѾ֪ˡ
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