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Ǽʢ裺ǲߣ


ϱӣΪʳС͸ɥʬ
ⱲӣϵͳǼǧꡣ
񾭲˭ΪʲôҪһ̬ȥҸô졭
˭ܸôŵˣΪʲôҹҹ
ƫִαװСҿһС
СɵӲŹȥ
ΪóԵģͶĻӣʵǾܾģ

ݱǩǼ Խ  
ǣվ/


1 
Ǽǧꡣ
۶ǡ
ƶDһСķڡ
ϸɿݵ壬ȻɼٶȻָ
ԭͰ͵Ƥϸ壬״Ƶģ͸Ź
á
˽ë΢ãۣѵ˲䣬С屾ܵĿٽ䱸һ˫۵͸űŰɺ졣
ȷûΣպվŻ£Ӧվȡ
е̧֣޹߳õֱͣϣվ۵׻Ĺ⡣
ⲻ塣

Ϊ˵վͱĸ֮ʵҡ
ڹȥʮС쳣ķеǿ˫ۿ߱ǲϵĽʣ񾭱仯
ûëҲΪ񾭹ժһֻ飬ϻһªİ̺ۡ
ǽ
ǰɣΪĴԺ⣬ǻӲֻ̣ҪģԼסȻ󴢴
ĥʮվŵĴԾһϢ⣬ŵеϢҲƫ볣˵Ĺ˸
ĩ٣վҲҵᣬϵߣЩ
뵽ڰ˵Ѫվ̲ס򴽽ǣ˷ء
بDD
һ죬ͻȻ߿վҲѣδѪȲ̵۾ſڡ
һˣϴİ̺ۣǼ⡣
˼վŵ˲䣬۵״׺ݵа⣬ߴֱ˹ﲻϵ죬ࣺ㶼ˣó˰ɣңܳԱ
վŹ۵׵ɺͱ
̧һžͽߴ׳߿Χٳֱּˡ
ֻ˲䣬ڿ־лΪҽûüڡ
վŲƮɢڿеĻҽ촽΢е
࡭
վȫûɱ˵Уûж࿴һۡ
ɢķߵһԵľǰܺڵӡ
ʱվŵͫɪ£ָգеҲŶ
һôãվŲૣҵġ壿
еСˡ
һ㾫£ͫ״峺ѻɫë΢۵׵ĹӨӨˣһź촽ɫˣƤ͸
ĺڷ˳
ۣȴǸ塣
վź⡣
ϾԭǱª򱶲ֹء
ǰԼĹ
վרעͻȻһվ۵Ԫرֱһ
ʱһ۵󺰡
ңҨDD


2 
վ΢΢Դ֪вΧһŲΧ
յȶȣڲ
һᣬһװԲԲĶ֡壬СС۾̶̵צӣȴޱȵĸо
ղû֣Ϊ裬Ϊϵͳվſݣһļݡ
Ҹ㣬ֹ۶㣬㣬ȴƫƫֵMaxֵ̬MaxɱMaxƻMax
ɵҸֵԴսԵְ𡭡
ǣ
Ǹ۲Ӷôʬı̬񾭲
Ϊľ޴ۿɱˣֱӾ͸ˡ
ԺԼû취ĵʵ
ΪԺû취ֺֻ֣ܳǰС̬
ӲͷƤĿڽܣǸҽߣʮҸϵͳҾ㡭
վһСģޱ飬һ촽΢ţɱҲŶԡ
վһֱĩΪҳԵȫҩ裬ԵԵһʳʱϲ
ǰɥʬһֲһССĺɫʵԶ˼˵ջ
վźɥʬܾãӽʱڿȡժ˳Ե
ǡ
ʱͻȻһһǻʣȻվϡ
ߡ
վԽǶ߾Խ顣
ʱΪʱ轵˭֪ôɣֱҵˣ룬ҪˣͰˡ
ֻû뵽հ󶨣ͱɥʬ˺ˡ
ֻýƽʱŸ׼һ߲塣
ǵùڶ
֮ǧ࣬Ҳû
ҾףҲ˰
һ򣬳ҲǸС˶
Ƕǰ⣬ǣ̫˵㣬ʣ̫˵㣬֮ûȱ㣡
ɱԭĿֲӺÿˡ
ԲܲסѹתתȻһֺõ˵žŶҵ̵кܶóգҪҪ
վԭŵ˫˲ǻƯͫģӣĿҫۣеɤú
Ҫ
ǡ
ΪվűƫˣӸѵǳ࣬ߵѾ˼ޣûлȡˡ
ǱᵽվŸоθտľθУ̼ˡ
ߵ̨ߣվţСʹ˱ԵȫµΣա
۵Ǹֽ͵ĳУͬĩһưܣš
ԶͻȻվſһ㣬дŻϲ
֮߾Ϳٵıȥ


3 
УоȴĴ㻹Ҫֲ
ٶô£
ŸոôôӦ壡
ŶˣȻʹܣ˰ɣ
վüǣ죡
ίı죬С۾ˮɵġ
վ̲סɷϣΪԼԵʣᡣ
ܿ죬վž͵Ŀĵء
һµԺ䣬ռһ⣬ǵڹ԰еСΧ˵Ļȣֱɾ
վסһ仨٣ڱǼţૣǾޱ
ڹȥΨһӴֲʵһС͸ģܿˣͬǸС
࿪ţӵĻ䣬վ̲סռе˼
ĩֻҪͿռҪĶ
ֻǣˡ
µģٻǻСʧ
ԣվŸմǽϷȥֱӾ˵أС弸ǾޱվЩɡ
ֱǰһӰվŲ¶̧ͷ
۵ˣһűؾ˵
µüӣɫıۡ
ȻƬƬ˪Ĵȴ΢΢ţһ˫˫ĺɫĹ뵵Ũƣ;˵Ȼ
ϲ񶼺ÿ
ϵĹޣ۵׵ķâȥһֱԼʹ֣ҲЦͳɤʵСˤ𣿡
ۡ
һβҪǽѡš
ЩЦ⣬ÿˡ
վŴЩѣΣԺĵͷһзܺΣȫʧֻʣǰˡ
ֻķʱֱ絽ĸо
ֱŵ࣬ƣЩ
ֵĸо롣
뷨۵Ĺһսֱӽֻǳٳû֡
ཻ֣۵Լ𺳺ɻ
⣬ӳ±ºһ˸޷ԼûѹƣȻûж
ƺЩرء
վûע⵽˼ֻǸı¡
һʣĩյ嶼ȵģܶʱ޷˯
ԸɲԼǺˣôҲӦԼ˯İɣֻ˯һûϵİɣ
޶˵뷨󣬱Ͼ඼̰ġ
ǡ
ǰģһ
뿿ռصԺһȦ
վӱƫִȡޣҪ

վѹͷĳ嶯ԴĿɤòѯʡ
Ա𣿡
Įܾԡˡ
վе㲻ģϲ塣



4 
һ֪ϴſ¶ȣǣĲÿ˶ĿģòеԼ
תζûж٣󱳾ͱһȵס̾ιžվŵૡ
ұ㡣
վſЦ޵ҲСĦŷ˿
ĵ¶ȣǹһֱġ
ĺһ˲аĹâܿ죬ƽ
Сͺޱȣܿ޼¶ȣȴһֱòһӵУŻһִš
ĸؿڴƤرǣû˵
۵ұĹ⽥ˣǵĻҲ
ŵСɵӡ
վŸЩǷȱ֪ϲϲңԸ⣬ֱӱǰЩ޵ʱ򣬴
ȻЩá
վźܿģȫڹ޵ϣҵԼİĴߣһ̶᲻÷֡
룬վŵ̶ѾԣǣǾãǸĴС֪ƭӺУ
޵ֵ彩Ӳ£װûڲȴݣϵͳˡ
Щ̱ݣǲԼϵͳ⣬ôҲܳݣ
վŵMAXѾΪټˣǹ޵ȴԳУֱӱˣıˣͣžʾĺ⣡
ô졭
·ûпܣ
Լҵ߾ֻˣ
ȻǸзϣǻ˧Ҿ徣ǣôеϢ
ˣ
վſļ򣬲Ŀëףĸо棬ϲһһڡ
ҽվţʲô
ޡ
ҿԽ𣿡
һֱۣӾܾԡ
վĵͷĺ棬޿ԸҷҺö
򴽣ѻɫĽë΢ЩĮʲô
վãһֱԵĶ˵һ飬üͷԽԽߣܾò˵ǹŵĲʽûС
ô죿ʲôʳҶϲ
ֵࣿ˵
ȻЩʧվźܿʹ˾ֻҪǳԵľͿˣܲĩɣ
ʵǣ⣬͸
ǰ̵һӪվŵˣʲôΪʲôôѳԣЩֵֹζʲô
ΪʲôԵҩ軹ѳԣ£
ͳһڣվ˶Ĵ۾֮˶ȴᣬ˯ˮɣġ
ζֲ̫ˣߣҪؼңҪ
δε䣬վžúܣԭò֪ԼҪʲôǳóԵģĶƺ̫ѳˣ޿ĸо


5 
˵ؼң۵׵ĺɻһţȻ⡣
վԭͳϲֻ˵㣬һޣίίӾЩмܲסֻãӦҪֻϣҪޡ
޿ɾӣòޡ
̧ĨȥᣬԴļˣˣ޷Ҳ޷ǡ
ĬĴնˣϱߵĶüͷ֪ѡʲô
վã£Ժĺ֪Ҫʲôһֹܿᣬץ뿴죬⣬ȫûаѹ޵һʶˣһһңԶңԶδ
ˣ޵㿪նˣͶĻǸ̳ĿƷɫɫѡʳԭϡ
վſʱ۾ģ̧־Ϳʼ͵㣬
վſĺ棬ѡҲ棬ȻҴµӡ
۵ȾЦ⣬СѾͷ˼ֻϣ
޻𣿡
֮վʳɻǲģֻܿ˷ʳԺѧġ
ȻڴģⲢʵг֣ҲԣܶҲõġ
һȲᴩ·ʵǣڻǲ̫ۿӣˣǳˣԿƣĻʵҵ·ǱȽϺôġ
ߵ·̫Ѵˣϵ
򴽣ᡣ
վץץҧҧŴ۾Žë˵ѧһѧòã
ĺЩˣ㻻ԭҲû£ζָҪҪã
βС۵װɫӰ˸ߵģĵĻ
оҾžҪ۸ˣôǺ˰оˣ
Ա߷ȥǲ˵Ϊ޾ˣ
վžԼ͹˵һקߣֱӰڻֹ񾭲һΪ
𣿡
ԡ
ֱܾˣվеġ
޿һۣ˵ֱȥҡ
£վҲûòڣ෴ȻĵǸǿģվǵĻһֱڣߵĴڱϵϡ
õˡ
ģĻһ˯þ
ЩڴûܹĹػʵô꣬ǵһԴˡ
ĩΪ⣬ǻϵ峣ȣżΪܿƵһУ˯İȡ
һС
ỹб䡣
ҪϧһдֻۣҪܵҪһС

ؿڣļ¶վźŴǣͫײϵţЩŤĿܣء
žţ㲻ûнӴᣬȻᶮ̬㲻򵥵Ǹͨˣ
վŵĽë˲ƫִ˵ܺãûңҲû˸ҲᣬҲû˸óԵġǺˡ
صĵͷվ쳣Ŀ϶
һ֮󿴵޽ʱ򣬸ǱŴ


6 
ᣬվŶڹ޵ԴĵֿôվҪ
ǼʿƼǳµ󣬲Ƭ̾ͱ˹
˵ʱվŻһѣʳ
޴ӷû˵ֱ֮ӽȥ˳
Ȼӡ
޲Ϥŷն͵͵ȥǸϵͳɲϣΪԵĶվŶʧȻһԭŹ޿
ԭô֪
վűվԲ࣬żԣȻ޾Σ޵ľɱ͵š
ͱʵңĩ꣬վŵΣʶǳǿҰ޻Ҫ
Ȼû˺˼ԼЩݣȻĵôˡ
뵱Ȼģõʱ򣬱Ԥ֮ʣµĴҲվŵĶӡ
֮ǰǾˣҪϸڴʳﶼʣӣֻӪϰߡ
֮ŻϰϾζȷʵ
Ե㣬۵״Ц
֮վԼĶӣӣȻһԱӣֻè䣬Ư⡣
ãҳԵõһΡվ㣬С϶Цӯӯġ
ϲͺá
ϲ
š
˳ĬվſԼȣٿ޵ģͻȻ˵վ𣿡
ԭŵһۣĮϣˡ
һΣ۵׵վŵĵףֱĸоʹֱӾͳѪɫ
߼ɫףЩģվŵ״ֻ̬ܵԼˣұʶǣЩ޷ڸıʡ
Լʱڶµļ¡
ûͷֻаõһ飬ͷϺȫһһϵ˰̣Ǳ߷ϵưżֲ˵ľ
ļ̫ߣǸʱûĸ飬ԺԣǣֻϲҲǸ顣
ôϲޣԸ±ɡ
վŻߣ鶯Ĵʧȥ˹ʣŵģŲӣǱֻжĻ
Ȼһңǹ
߿ԼҸֵԵֱֱֵҪˣԴοžţ㣬Լ
ߵĻȻûȵЩֵվŻЩΪʲôԼôá
ΪվҸղɨ壬һرĶԵ¹ϵҲܸơ
վָԼգͣڱ޲ȥβôκ



7 
ϵͳ̵ָ꣬˵һҩ˵غټҵݿҲûУΨһһҩǸݷҪʹپ֧ǲ
ҪҸֵ
վſһŵ֣ͫ»ָ࣬ÿ֧ʮѣܿ졣
֪룬ŻһѪΪô
Ӵҵ㣬ܺߵԽݣҲܾϵͳԭʼأΪѰ򵥿׬ȡҸֵķʽ
վĺ棬߼ǧʱһκƽ٣ʱ߳ʧ漴ʧĻһЩԡУŵĻ򵥵ľ֣
ȥɣ޹磡ĴھǸBUG㲻˷ӣȥɣ
վţ
ȫûӡվֱ±ˣ㶵ĿߣʼԺ
Щ˷ܣԼδ
ԴΨһģ
˽ĲʱվŴĿڣҸֵôģ
ҸֵԴںйأ˵йص򵥵˵ǣ£ֻҪǸоֿ㣬ֻҪתҸֵһһһʮ㲻ȡ
վŵͷ
ЩԼĳ￪ʼ趨ʣ޼ǣôҲҪҽ
ᳪ𣿡
֪㶿ڣͬãȻվţ̲סԼ

ΪҪе뷨ʱԴĬվȴͻȻ߳ӣûиʣᣬɾ͸ĺ
Da lingDa lingDa lingDa lingDa lingDa ling
߼ֱҪ̫ϲȫĦȭƵԾԾԡ
վźֱ֮߳Ӿ˹ȥֱУȫԼ
žţȻţЩСȫѲ㣡ϣھȥ໣Ҽֱ޷궯ģ
޸ȥȴ룬վŵ޵Ʈ˽
Ӻر𣬼򵥴⣬ֻֻΪ߳˵Ĺϵ̲ס;˸ġ
˭
վŲŷǲ𣬶Թ¶һõЦȻ˦ߣܹȥ˿˿Ļţޡ
Լޱţȫûбֵľִ٣ѻɫĽë΢š


8 
վſʱüͷ΢΢ָֻܾ΢΢Ӳѡݣվϵ¶ÿʱÿ̶ĳ嶯쳣ů¶ȣκһ˸ĸоҪǿңֻҪڻúøܡ
վûвʧֻЦ˵ҳĸ𣿡
š
ҪҪһܶࡣ
̧ɨһæµߣٿһվţʣȱǮ
վ֪ǮĴڣһңûʹùϾ֮ǰȫʵң֮ĩǮֶɾȫûмֵԡ
Һȱ
ҿԸ㡣
˵⻰߷Ӧ죬ֱӷɹȥͶס죬ǴӣԾֱӴӦɸֵѵҪʲôˣϢأϢأ
ķӦЩɣüͷ޵ЩĿҿ
ֵıЩʲôпƾʲôҪòã
߷תߴȥǿ޺ڳߣͻȻûڵĲӣӵҪ
Ǿ͸һɡ
ٲȻǰߵվŵıķˣÿ˴ӳһķˣȻҲֻһ󲿷֣ܶƶûеġ
ǹ¶ķںӳǰӵмȨһҲǼ໤ˡ
վƺûݴڵģڵ۹նﲢû˵ĴڣȴһԲһԡ
ʲôˣӽΪʲôЩһ𡭡
վ㶵Ŀǳɵ˵Ҫˣһ
ߺСֵĻ̫ô죡
ǲǵһǰǰûСʱѾʼĴӵ£
žţ˵ţ
ţֻ
վſ۴׺ݣϲκᶼԣԼ󶨵ϵͳ
ߣ
߾ЩΪʲôôְôǸ˰Ͽӣÿһʱ÷âǷϢʵʵĴš
ϵͳģԾԲǺˣ
վȫ˶Źޣƺ˺һһּΪ̬ȫ˰ȫķΧ
ȵ¶ȣɢɢķҷĻ˹޵ģǼΪɾˣȴûеһʱ佫վƿ
ҾͲҪˣ


9 
ԵӣֱֱӰ߸ˣڵĽţ˦ͷߣǣ˭ҵ̫أûԺ󲻵ñ۸ˣ
ߵĵԾǶˣվôñ۸ʵҵʱˣôĩ꣬Ļ
Ҳỹô˺Сģ
ĻվɿЩĹޣȻĹۿ֮ͷ˵ȷʵͦСġ
ߣ
СС˼ǲһİɣ߾첲գѵһ¶
ίͰ͵Ŀ߾ҪοվŴ˿̵עȴڹϡ
ϸ׵ֱָԾ۾ģ͵͵ܾŽץסĵ˲䣬վž̲ס̾ιƺϲˡ
ʱ仹磬ǸϽʼڵ㣬ֻܼСʱ
ٴαӣȴҲˣֱѾ׼λˣֻˣϾıķˣȻҪİš
ȻŹޣҪԸⰡ
ˣǸмڼй©ʲôģ£ʲô
վŶŹһЦϿʼҳòãﰡᳪԼϲ˵ġ
֪ϲ˼۾ʲô˼֪ΪվŴȶأ
ңǲģΪӴվŵҸֵ˺üٸ㡭
жϲһȫûκҸԵС̬ȻҸĸо˺üٸ㣡ϵͳû
δȴҲûоܾһԿ
ԼԣվŵЦ˼֣߶ģɵĲˣóϲޣǳϲ
ĬĬֱ䣬ĻڰУʮ֣Ҫվʱ޾ܾˣֱӶ˾䣬׼
Խǣνֱ䣬Ǻڲ¡һƬ
пԣֲҾܾ˵иĵ˵ǲзţƵϵͳˡ
ŭͬʱƶֵʱҲЩ鴤ȷķ֣ĸоô©֣˭ҽ
Ĥݰɣ࣡
ʰԲ
޿ʱ򣬴ǺЦ˵ЦһΣСѾͷ˼ԻҲ˼Իǲһء
վŵЩɵɫ۾Ķһ㶼ԼĿޣޣÿ
򴽣ߣףš
ԼգɨԼСѾͷĻϣ˲ͼǧˣٿˢĻǻȫ޷¡


10 
˭ܸңֱʲô
ǣ֪ĸûӵˣȻô©ֱذ
ҵ
˵Ǹģ⼸갡Ҵڸе˶ȥˡ
ϻûãϽ̸̸
ҿĻǸٽŴɣûģҪ缸Ǯĸ
ҿһǳóŻᲩҩ

ˢҴ󲿷ֶ˵վţЩ޿ˣʲôȻ˵ǸٽŴ󺺣˵ҪĻ򣡾ģǵ򻹲࣡
ԽԽֱӾͰˣ֮ĬĬĶԱߣߣǼʶʶʲôġ
ģкܶϣֵĸУϲֵģ
Ŵɤһ˲䣬ˢ˲ͣ£Ȼȫ˷һⶼںʲôӵȻˡ
򴽣üһۣŲӲ˵ǿ˵ҼҾžţ˭˵
ãɤˣҵľͷˣǸ˵ĸ
кܶ𣿲ֵӺϳɵˣҪҪյ죡
Ҿͦİ׺ܺ
Ҳ棬ˣûͲҪԼ군
ǣϽģϻô࣬˭ϻö࣬Ͻģҿûôʱ䣡

ֱˢļҷǳվȫżעûתһ£гһ󳤴֣ѡζ
üһָЩ廨ŵĸҲͦȤģȽڴСѾͷǲлŵıҪϾƺ̫Щûмֵȫ뻨Ѿ
ֵʱվŴ۾գգȻ󻺻˫ۣʱҲĴȡϢȡ߿Ź޵߶˱䣬⣡
Ѿ٣Ҳ˷ʱ䣬ǰ࣬ǰȥʱȫֹͣˢĬһİ
ɫĻϳĻȻǸ֡
С١
ֵ֣ǵվ쳪ʱ򣬴ֱӾͱȷˣصǣȫһӡеĸȫһ֣ǾǺ
㿴иСϣ㿴иСϣС-bi-ϡ


11 
Ҳ̲ססߵЦ泪վŻ˼رǵע⵽ڿʱһȵĶ
ǳƫƫǿɰ
ȻǸϲء
ʱ˼ˣرǿҸֵӵʱԲֱǲҪ̫˷ܰöడöడöడ
ǻС
վԭϲټԴøжȼӳ֣Щ޴࣡
֮վ̿˹ޣü䶼ɫȻϲӣվŵͫҲģϲ𣿡
޵ͷͻȻԴһ£ֱԼƷĳϣŷӦ
ԭ󰮸
Ĳ࣬һӴŶ
ķ޼Ϊᣬ۵ȴŵĹ⡣
ԴܱϺ󣬲ǾλǼ嶼ֱΪٻܾãû뵽ȴͻȻôϲԼ
㻹Ҫ𣿡
˵Ҫ໣ţҲ밡
¥ϵǴɣȻϲ򣬶ȤζҲϲ󰮸谮
Ⱥתٵˣ̲ס˾䣬ҼҾžҵģ˭׼
ɤôǱķˣɣǳԴ˻ǳԴˣ
ҿǳԴˣ
žǴҵģ˭Ҫ
վ߿ڵʱɻתÿֱ䣬վüͷţܾҲŲǵģ
ӣֱӱܾˣ
žź飡
žźȡ֣
ž˺Сġ
ʱĬĬĺȻǹҸֵɲϲָоͺžŲҵһȫϲһ㣬ȫԣ
һЦҲټȻȫһºҲ
⼸սԽԽԶȫԶ˵۶ǵķΧǿʼĻٷչַʽҲ˲٣Ĺŵ򣬻ǲ˲ֹһ㡣
ڵĵĻ̫ȫ޷飬ҲҸֵԽԽ͵ԭһһ꣬Ļͻƣϵȱˡ
ǰصĹŵ֣ȻֻһЩӣȴȫͺĵӺϳɲһһ˵ķΧ˵ߵ飬ŻڣǣЩ޷ơ
ǣСƺá
гǧ׵ĸ۵Ȥζ

ŵСߡ
úϵġ


12 
Ȼ֪ΪʲôôִţԭģղȥķָܸߣʱҲǹȥģνˣϲĻҵСȤζˡ
׺ˡ
ϲֵĸ裿
㳪ģҴŶϲʵ˴ŶϲЩ֣ƺĶͲһԽڴԺˣڣ֮һܾʡ
ÿ춼㳪֤ÿ첻òã
á
̲סЦֱӾվɵ㶵Ĵԭء
ߺ޵ͳ˧Ҳ˧𣡾˾ԼСצٿ޾¾׵ĬĬƮƮԲ塣
ðɣȽ˧
ٲȻ̬˶ˢǵÿ첻ʱȫǱըʽˢ
ÿ첻
ÿ첻1
ÿ첻1998Ҿ֪ҪĥǵСˣɣҪΪʲôûͣ
ҲҪͣҲҪͣҪҵģҰˣ㲻ǿ
߿˵⣬ٿãȻվţĬĬĿʼãܿ죬Ļ·ž趨һȼһǱҵһǱҡ
ĳЩֲȫû뵽ôֱӣЩɣǲˣȻȫңֱӾǱңԣȴĸԸ
Ȼվ׼ʱֱˢһվԶЩȤֻŹޡ
ɤӣվʾ߽֣Ȼܿ죬־Ϳʼˡ
ҵСѽСƻƶ䣬˻ɽ¡
ֱģĸˣʲӸˣҪ׾žţɴϣ
¥ǮˣҲȥˣΪ˾žţҲҪϣ
ͬͬ
ߴ˿̵Ҳ̵ģŲҸֵоԼǳȻſԣֱӵı仯ǣԭްİɫð۵ģֵֻСԭÿˡ
򴽣쳣ͳһˢ۵
վų֮󣬹޵͵ɡ
վŵͷɵĵͷ㿪ڵʱ򣬾ͱֱֹˣָͬŭˢˣ˵žţǲſʮ߷ӣҪһСʮ֮֡ҲҪʮӣ
޵˺üۣ˺üΣǻӲ£ʮѾĵˣŸճͷ


13 
վЩԥѸٷɵĶһֹվȻѣصĵͷţҪ
ЩãҲûж˵ָֻһ׸˵
Դүһ̬ܲûгϢô죬Ҳܾ
վûĴӦˣЩ޾ɵһԣ˲Сʱͱ޳ԵģԺô죡ԺһǴдı硣
վŻڣΪ

ӵӵȫ硣
װİ𡣡
۵ĺס
װı۾
˵Ը⡣

໣Բԣһ裡žڱ𣡱
ҪžǴҵģǴҵģҪӵ
ȻҶڿܣɣи˵Ĺܶ˶ڳĬˢٶȶ
ͯһĴ⻹ж԰򵥵׷󣬸ֿģҲ۵Ĳ˼飬質վŴ˿̿ŹޣԭͺµҲϲ֮⣬Ծܾ
վŴ۾ץʣϲ𣿡
޵ͫĹƣƷԴϣվƯ۾ϲĿϲԲԣ
Ҿ֪ϲﰡ
û˵꣬վžͱ˻ҲɹֹĻֻǹ޵ȴ˼֣һ˷ܵߣ۴棬ʱҲע⵽ˣЩ˼ʾ£ĻĻˣȻǲᷢˡ
Ȼǿˡ
ԺҪ˵
վŵͷ
ߵʾ⣬޲ŰſվȴǺ׽֪㣬ֻа棬˫ȣ۾еĹƣԼһԺﶼ԰ˡ
վŵĹЩ֣ǹҲ˵Լĸо֪ΣգĴڡ
δӺζķζ𡭡
ΪվͻȻĳĬֱͿʼˢһϣվѾȤȱȱˣֻרעŹ޵֣ٲȻ⵱֮ء
棬Ҳϲϵ¶ȡ
Կֱֱ֪ӾͱˣΪ˽ǵ˼֮࣬ߺԻĽ׸贫ֱĵ㲥
аǮ㲥ȻǸţڰȨĹѾɥĲĵزˣûиֵȨطŶŲˣ
ȻߺܵĽֱرˣȻǿʮӣЧǲģȻ͹ķƣǸ㣬ѾδĿׯ
ֻ쳤Х


14 
úվŲſ˫ϥϣԭΪ׽ȴ벻һƽĺЦ󣬿۵ȴа
ƺ̫Щ

ĲǺˡ
ն˴򿪣㿪һ˵ͨѶ˼䣬ѵǺнĻһ䶼û˵
֮͵㿪̵꣬ĿʼѡŮƷӴĵõģͷţСڶһ飬ź֪ķԼʲô̲סЩ
վ˯˺ܾãɫʱŻɫЩãȻһʱûӦԼġ
ʱ͵򲢲һÿʮСʱҹ̣ܶΪĲϸ죬Ҫ˯ʱ٣˯Ҳδֹͣѧϰ
ͷԼ˯ŵ󴲣㶵ķŴ򿪵˲䣬վűܵ˷̬һ˫ͫ׺ݣâ
û뵽ῴըԴվţҲû뵽һ̬Ӻ֮ǰվȫӣ۵ͻȻ
ϰԵ΢ȻЩᷳķӦ
ޡ
ɤųѵɳƣȴеϲȴ쳣ˡ
˲ʣϵĶ£ȻֱۣһоƬϣһںϽѪ⣬վźܺĹۿ˺ܾá
оƬ޽͡
Ҫǲǲң㲻˵ҵ𣿡
˵ˣҪ׬ǮԣǰйоƬû취ʹõģͻȻԼǲԼߡ
ȻǲϲԼ
Դվſģȫ˼дϣ벻֪ѡ
ûҪߡ
ģ
һ˵վŵСͬŵĻ䣬ƯˣĵòԼ
ףûȿڣͻȻ򿪣ͼһߴӰ֣ȻһѾס˹޵ļʮ죬ֻЩ٬
ޣҾ֪㲻ͻȻҰæͨ𣬾Ȼݲؽˣ˵ģ
ſޡ
վŭһ˫߶ֱ֧ϣܵܿ˦һŻ򣬴ٴˡ
㣡
ѿЩţȵС򣬾ȻǸߣһǸϵ
׼
Ҿôţ
վŴ۾ɫתĵЩȵаɫӣ΢¶һΣյЦݣܿ˼ڼ仹׵硣
һһ䣬һ档
ǾȥһΣ


15 
ߵЩţȵĹޣ⣬̲סŭģôţִ򲻹
ô֪
ĵЩɹ޵۵ȴζȫһӿֵ̬
ѲǴ˿Ψһо
ԣ弶ߣĲ˶٣
׼
໣
ֱӾͱУ첲˲ͱˣ۵ĲҪҪģֱˣֻǺѣôô
վȫû飬οù޿ĺܿģϵĶȫͷſˣÿһ¶ϣһ⣡
Ҵ˻𣬹̣ҴˣҴˣ
ûôϣѾ
ţվԴǵ˵˰أĿ˹ޣҲ˴ϢֱӾͶ˹޵
Ȼĺۣǣֻо˵ʹϾȻһ˿ڶûУǸʲô£ĿǶãֻ
ȫˣĺ浹Ƕ˼֣Ͼǿ˭ϲοǸȵӣ˵ȥҲ氡
վţʮ꣬ǰʱճꡣ
֮󣬹üƺʲôһʱԣ˼
ɨ˼վţ̲ס鴤
ƽĿȵأôʮ갡еֻȻС͹ϡˣһǸԸϳġ
ʮ갡һΪʮء
ҡ
վźУϣûжȴ⣬ȴо֡
˿ظûֵĵطϱҲӣѵʲôرǲҲƽ
̲ס˿ȣ溦һԲϾͶȻǹϵ˭ҲԲߵĹ޻
ֻǾ̫ˣҪ
ҲúݣҲݣһһ𲹵ġ
ĵͷվſŹ޵֣أ߽ȫ֣ɨһһЦ۵״Ц⣬˭Ҳţǲʶһɡ
ղŵĳͻȫûзһԸһЩ񾭴ȴǸεˣҲΪʲôԭֻû뵽ǵһμ澹Ȼʹ

ǶԼҵСѾͷЩˡ
弶ߣ߻һֿܣ˫ϵȼѾһĸˣοֻʮ꣬ʻ
뵽⣬ԭ۵ױаʢڣѻɫ\΢ұﱩᣬ˲һ㣬ŵĶǺڰϢ
ǣ˿̵Ĺʢڣɫʡ
ã۵İɢȥ
۵׶Щɫʡ


16 
ƣվŵ¶Щ̳룬˵Сţ˶š
ǰһϣʧȥԭĽҲɾ̡
վãȻŹգգۣȻ˵ֻ㡣
۵Ĺ΢ǵĻǳȴЩΣյĸо߾ǣ˵ɣ˾ԲǺˣƫƫҵ
ߵľͷ̫ԣ޸޷ӣҲ˼ܻƺе㲻һ
ȫûԼע⵽ߣ˿̻ĵײϵ²Լ
ԼռԵߣ˿ɫվŵԴһЦ𣿡
ôһ˵վŵĶӻͽл֮ʹĿԼĶӣǺһȵӺܿɰ
̲סЦЦȻԼϣԭ˵ʲôľ߸ϣŮЩ档
㿴Ҹ
ÿ
Ҳá

ͻȻñ£ûƤˣ
ʵҲҪǫһ°
ȻãǿҰ˳Ĺޣв͵ԣ󻹳һ˵վš
ǽ壬ЩᣬЩ˵ζĺܺãҲ˵ֻ̫óˡ
ϰò͵ٶȫȲվţԵԵûмڡ
ҿ飡ΪˣôҲҪɣ
һ⵽˹޵Լܵ˺ΪˣȻÿ˶ӣ̫ʧˡ
ķȫûãΪʳվֻϷָޡ
ųԱվţǵļȫƲסĳ飬˳־ץһԵĳԹȺߣֱӾͶ˹ȥҲ˭СҲЦ
üˣ˲䣬һ죬ͽץסȻ󡭡
â˲佫ס֮ɢ
ƺסߣ۵ȫڲסòſڣ룬Ҫһ͡
ǿаˣңһνĸߵҸϵͳ
ߴ˿ֻԼĴԶǻģΪʲôֻǺ͹޽Ӵһ£ֶһˣңݾȻվ֮ϡ
ֲ̫ˣ
ٽԼϵͳһ飬ֻǰ;һƬڰ
Ϊʲôһ趨
ǲ񾭲̬߱ʱ򣬸ĺøжȣΪһ൱ڽ͹ܽˣҲǼ໤ˣΪȷ
ǡ
ҲǸ񾭲̬أ
ѵԴ˾ûֲ


17 
Ź޵ķݣÿģۿȻʧԲϣЩ֭ȴ
ؼҡ
˭Ⱦ
վԴһμ߿ޣʣĿЦֶӣѵñ˵߰ա
ߵӿˣȫվ˵ۣ
ϲޣϲǷǳϲرǣݱվذٱֹ޵ΣָѾSSSSˣ
ʲôȫǿԻΣշӰ
صǣǸ̡
ֻǸ弶СС𡭡
վһϵͳң䵽ǰ۵С˵ޣҿԺһӲֿˣ˵һ󶨾Զ
۵ɫָ߲סС°ͣЩаú˵㲻ԶЩ𣿡
𣿲ǵʱ𣿡
վŲΪȻʮʱ䣬̬ڶļ¼Ӱڼٷӳ¶˲¡
Ϊνһӣǵʱ򣬶Ҳܿ
޹۵ģԣʱ򡣡
ҵòã
վŵָ⹴ָӶϣӡݣվ۵ǳһ㡣
üɢһԣεŶȣһηӣɲΪǰСѾͷƬӿù޲Ŀ
Ǽʼһ仰һŵ
ڹ޻֮ӵʱе˶ͼøȥ޵ĳŵֻҪŵ
֪޳ŵļֵ
á

Ȼֱ壬˫ĿǾȣȫдŲţղǲǻˣ
޲ɨվŵСһЦ·ղǸɫʵֻǻ
վ۾ָ˵Ǻˡ
򴽲ΪӦ룬ŴС⣬ƺ̫ˣƺЩӪ
⿴ߣ۵ɭɭɫղͨһ˲䣬Ըܵһֻеһ㣬һǻߵĴء
ģ
ôնȵĸоȻԴһӡ
ã˵ҲǺˡ
ǡ
վż֡
ƺ̫Щ
˶Ū˼ȥ۵׵а񣬷ʣҲأ
վ˺һ֮뵽˺ð취ԲԲĴ۾˲öĿЩãȻɻ󣬴㶵˵Һһ𵱻ˣ
һЦµǻ䣬Ƹղһ̵Ĺĵ̫վŵġ
Ц⣬Ϊʲôң
վ۵ɻ󲻽⣬̫׹޵ĻȻ˵Ϊ㰡
ϲһǺˣԼܺãǱѰĺãԼĸо
Ҫԭ
գϴЦƺϲǹЦ⣬ȫ᲻ֻҪٿһЩ
վžǡ
һֱԼ򴽣Ĳ˼飬ȴջĵڣɤɳ룬ֱӹվŵĻǡ
Ļ


18 
վţǺᣬʱûôˣȻɴЦǿԷ⡣
ת䲻Ҫ̫죡
ǰһ̻ڹ˼Сʧǣһ˹
֪з˴
޹ģ
ǹ޲Ϊò˵Ǻܾûϰˣպãʱ䡣
ûʱ䣡
һʱܾҲˣתߣֻǻûߣϾͱһƬٸ˩סᣬصǣţ
ޣģ£
ֲϵ
վźͬʱڣȻ뵱ȻĺˣĿϵȻδȴҲֱӣ⣬Ĭ˻ᣬ޲Щص˵ֲֻ߻ϵ
ҪΪý飬ǳС֪Ĳһ
ԱСѣΪվ˯ʱǶһ¡
ȻǼǺܶණмѭңǵʼǹŵ͵͵Ǳݿ⣬ûĻЩӦĩٶ뿪
ңڼ仹һ˿ͬʱŴϢʧԭͲȱĹŵ֮١
߽ϸ֮վֱӾסˣû뵽ܸĵô󣬶ңǵĽȡܣȻǵ￴
ĩĻֲϵʵǸbugĴڡ
Ϊܣֲϵ˼ʣͻһֲϵǵرĳ
Ǳ֣һȱȽӹֲ߻ϵһֲϵ
ϾͿԿһƫͨˣһսеļֵҪ̫߳࣬սߣҪ٣ǿˣտеͬʱԽǿҲԽǷ
֪
߸Ϣ֮վŷ˸ۣЩ޴ֱ࣬²ۣȻȻսʿڼﵱũ
޳Ĭ۵صֶ˼֣ҿۣȫʧ϶һѹϢĸо
΢΢޻˫ۣסȫ
ԴʧȥǿĻϵܣƺͱòԭԼ׻Щġ
߿˲վѡ
ǿ˩һôҲվÿûûεģٻҪ˽ԼȻϢȫ棬ǺôҲ֪Щص˲ǡ
ԭǿĻϵߣҸߴȴΪһӴʧȥ˫ΪĻӴȾϲһʱ޷Ĺܡ
ڵڶ꣬ѡ֫˫Ƚ֫Ȼ߻֫û뵽ǣɴڣ֮òۣʧȥٽְλҲʧȥȫĽ
ӴˣҲΪ˵۹ǼʳĶΪǼΨһһվˡ


19 
߽Щϴվŵʱվž۾ɬ̣ܣֵĸоܼ尾Ȼ۵һͿ˳
򴽣ߣ̽Լʱ׼ģû룬Ǳ֪Щʲôվſ޵ôģԼ¡
ĺ˸ٿߵʱ۴ɱ⣬Ȼᡣ
߲ԾԴҲֻԼûµģοԼ
ŵɿ㶵վ
˵ǵһοޣȫһѱһᣬֱǲҪĿޣȴַʵ밲οοˡ
̫ˣһѵǵġ˺þ֮վͨ۾һ߽ӹߵݹֽһ߳ҭţ޲ѹǶǴ޴ࡣ
ԭصķΧΪһ޴࣬ͻȻ˲١
˲۽ǵỨ޵ĶἫˣʵЩ޷ģЩҲϰˡ
οģޡ
վҡҡͷЩʣĿҲߵĿ죬֯ԣվſʼ͡
ֲϵֲֻ߻ϵʵҪֲϵֲ߻ϵʵδȫĽңһ̶ϣ޷׵ġ
üǲûд˵ǵһ˵һԵҲ棬˵ĺʡ
üվЩʧ䣬С˵ǲǲң
˵ĿŶȡ
վŵͷ׹޵Ĺ˼ɣ㲻ҲϾԶܶණʱܽҲ
΢ŵٿһԼװڵߣǵĻ΢𣬡ԣҪôţ
վԴһʱãͼ֤ԼÿܶٶݱƼܣֲֻϵȴȫǿƼܣȽϰԵ
ЩЦ˶ʮ꣬ǵһ˵ֲϵԵ
ȻܺЦǿһŵĹޣܴѡ˱졣
վҲɵ̧Լָ⣬ͼɫļܻðҰ뷨ı̬ҲԣҪϰĵ;ʮ־޴󡣡
˵ǾԿΪĵľǳ޴󡣡
Ȼἰֺ֣õЦЦûȹ޿¶վŵ
ʵҲģǸɵѶѣ˭֪ôӦ
мû޹
ڴ֮ǰⲻִں
վָĻ治ϵԾ֮Ѹٳ֣γһ㣬ֱӽһԵȫȴû塣
ǿֱӱӲȫҶΡΡ˵ʲôϵ
֤ǶԵġ
ȻСģʱǲС壬յ໽УվŵƤͷһЩ̫ϰߣ´һˣ
㻹´ΣպȥֿʼСղ˵һΣƭ˭أ
Ҿǵһΰ㲻ú鷳ֱӽҪס

վ˵ȻԼԶԡ


20 
ȻҲȴЩɣ۹ʲôʱô츳Ůˣ
ĬһᣬվͻȻ֡
ˣֲϵأķΧŵȼģǳķΧҼǵġţֲϵľŽǿ߿Կǧң츳ǺܺãǺܳ־á
ô֪
ΪԱ߿Ű
վ˵Ȼһİˣô֪оŽ׵ˣ
Ӿǲţûϵʱ㿴
ʱţȥо֪Ķ֪ˣ֪ҲٵˣǶһ޶أ뵽⣬վЩ˷ܣץЩڴ
ԿһۼܣȻ
򴽣˼κ󣬶ͷϵ亹޷ۼܣͨý飬޷ͷţ۵׳ĿԼ˫֣ɳƣЩǷϹ¼š
û취
վŰԿٵתϢѰϣÿһֳƺΣա
ԥ䣬⣬ɫˣǳȥɡ
ϳ˷䣬վŻЩɣﱧߣ૵ұˡ
Щɸ̧֣ԼСצָ˵㱻ᣬôôʹ֪⣬㻹һʹĴ
ûдҾ
ԶԵߣ
һ޹վţһѪ
ߵһĽѵվţһߵȴɫЩأû뿪ֻǺܿͨ磬ֱӾͽȥˡ
վܾãվȥһԣ԰Ǿޱ
ȥ⣬վͻȻĵ㲻ɨ޵㷢ʲôر֮𣿡
ԭߵȻס˲ͱת˻⣬ٵĵͼĿš
˫ȵĶ⣬еں˳ѷ죬Ӧܱϵʱɵĺ֢٣ĺۼĽ֪޷ۼйϵ𡣡
һ˵˫ϵһϣһӦûûѹƣѸٷչ޺ûתõܵͣĴ˶ҪͣӦΪں˵ԭ򡭡
ҩû޸ģ
ֵתת̵̽һȦУǺܹ󣬶Ϊ˷ֲôڵҩã˽ƣֻаٷ֮ĳɹʣȰ㻹ǲҪ˷ѣֱӱͳˡ
ϲġ
̲ס˸ۣ˵ĺһ
վգգۣ۾ʣĿҲֻġ


21 
ֵԴϣ˵Һ˵ô࣬㶼ںҪ˵ǸˣʲôǻһˣһǸô죿
Щɲݣ߾;޿֮һļʣôˣһ
ǻˡǿվž׼˹ޡ
ҵ벻ţھûѡ񰡡УҸ㣬ǧ򲻿ԶɱرޣһˣǵҸֵͻᱣסǳأ
߽ԼҸֵͳָ˵ķǳ棬վſſտҲݣգգ۾޹˵ڶûˣӦò为ɣ
վ˵ʱ߻ţǵת֮󣬼
ֱǸ󽱣Ǳ˵һֲ̫ˣֲ̫ˣ
ػؿ飬ǻֻһѼ
ֿʼð߾Լ屻Ϳգֻ˯һҲݾֻˡ
ҿû롣
˵޹۾ϣ
㣬һ᲻֪𣡡
߷߷߳Ȼһ治˸ŵ֣ĻһĸƢζۣ
Ҿ֪Ǻˣ㿴ȫΪޣҵʮҸֵȻڼʧҪɱھҪɱ
վסʹһԷȥߣһľţҸ㣬ɱҾ˺㣡
˺ҰɣҪɱ
ߣٸڣҾ㣡ϵĻ˲֣վЦȫв̬
Ȼˣڽȫ̲סСצͼԼĶۣҪ۸Ǹֽ
ʹ֪ϵͳﰡԣûϢˣǺúõĵԱɡ
Ҫ
վŰڻȻϢһαһμٶϺܶҸֵ۾˸ʧ䡣
ܲĶԲԣ˵ԽģľͶ࣬һǳģΪǲǣ
ǲģɱ˾ǷŻ𣬾ԲΪĲģģ
ǣ治ôֱ׵˵ָվűɶӣԥ˵Ȼȥ
Ȼ̲ס²ۣϵͳǿа󶨣ҲûܲһоͱĥɣԣһҪŬۺͺڰ
ôȥ
ͨͿˣҵ࣬ȷȿֱ䣡㿴ʣ޼ֻСʱҳ˯ұһ𣡡
ߣںñ꣬ңӿûôһ硣
޿ߣ
Ǳ˰ɣ


22 
Դ߾ԵԼ
ҵǲ뱩꣡ǣȿֱ䣬Ծʱ䣬ң㶼֪ȻֻһΣǾ㲻ڣڵֱﻹ˺ڵţڵ㲥ĸ
˵֮Ȼع񣬻æҸֵĲ˵Сɤί˵԰㲥ӦҲҸֵҸֵأ
һε㿪ſٽ˺ͳ˵ݣ߲һûһѪȥʲôˣȻڿģ
УҲˣҪȥڣ̣ϣ
ô˵ˣҲôˣ֪ͨûУֱӰײɳϣȻͨ磬һɱƵվŽ硣
ȥ֮
վŵǸƽĵСѾͷһӣһ־Χ˺һ
սʱվźþûзӦ󿴿ҿĲˣû뵽ʵô
Ȼٺ滹Ǳţһȥ
ֻǣյſڣ˾ͱ赲⣬ΪǻԳѡۿĻҪƱģɵǣûǱҡ
ڽ͵Ǯ
վݱȷϵһ˲䣬ЩǱҾԶ˼໤ˣҲǹ޵˻˵ûһǮʮĵ⡣
ߵСȻһԵĹţȥȥȥԣ
վһãɶ
ߣ
еˣƺҪ¸ˣǰԾǸ׳հɶ֪
ڷŭһϿ⣬лȫһԵվŵԴ
ȫκվţָ˵ʵɱˣɣҳ
վţ
վȫⲻˣû׬ˣһըҩӣ
ȫһҪȥվŽԼ˿ɵһ˸߼Գ
Ϊ
ԳǹŵĴΣֻǱȽϵһѡ
￿ԻȡװȻһΪʵʱٱһȶ˷ɵͬʱҲǶ׺;ĺȥҲԲƻ׵ܡ
˶ѡͼмΪģʵһжʵ׸ƻףҲԽѵ
඼ϣͬ
վš
һֻС
˶ڵ


23 
һ±Ƶվţѡ̶ߵָɣϻ׵ʱӶڻС
ʵңվǸģȻôδ硣
¶߾Сȭͷ˵ΨһһͬģϾˣϣϣϣ
Բ˵ΨһһʺʵĻףϾDʶϵǼʣվžȻǸE
˵ȥԻᱻƲİɡ
Ͼˣ
վ仰ʱ򣬻壬Ӧ²̨˳Ծ£۹˷ܵĹ⡣
һһģ
ϰϽǵĻûУһǹޣԽʮָţվһȫǴߣҲģ
˾ˡ
һ·ɱӣֱɨʽ̬Ϊ߼Գ˱Ͳ࣬Ļڿƣ²עⶼˡ
صǣԽǵĻǸڵĻףӽ̭һֻͣȫûʹƣҲ˵Ǹ˶á
ȴ޷ӣͬܺ;ֻܵϰ弼Դ˶ѡá
ȫû뵽Ȼ̶ȣȫͬ壬ˮһ㣬ģ޶ûл롣
ˢδˣ̲סˡ
̫˧ˣֱż񰡣ҵһμE̬õô˧ը죡
ղҲˣ㱻һ˷ܼˣ
ղҲҵģ˸߳ɻ࣡ҿϵϵͽְͽ֣
˶ˣ
¥ˣ

˷ܵѵһһϵͳģȻǿҲ֪Լжȫ͸ģֻҪͻֱֳȥ±ޣ±űΧ궿ӣҲȫֹסǵģ
˿̵һһϵͳʵҲĿģֻΪɵĺ䶯Ѫʲôڶ϶ıҸֵ߷ԽԽ˷ˡ
һϷ
صǣӰ׬ȡҸֵ
ÿ޶ʵֵһѪģĸоķǳãվһν޵ͽ˺Ȼ򣬿Լ˸Ҹֵг
ҸղʲôҾȻ˷ܣ˷ܣҵҸֲֵˣ
ߴӽͱԭͶվŵԴϣΪ̫ͻȻһʱܲˣϵĶţڸղŻſ˺޵ĺɫףֱ˫һˣˤ˵ϣҳٳû
·պÿһĻ̲סЦᶼˣͨͳĬĹ˵ϰ˵ˣʲôԼˤԼ
߰ɡ
鰡ٿ֪˭ô
˵꣬ˤڵصĻͻȻסԼԴʲôһЦȫ̲סʱˡ
ӦģֻǺַʲôֱֵ˵ϡ
̫ˡ
ô


24 
˺þãվ
վŵˣ˵Ҹֵʱֱǳҵı֣һһЦģֱ޿̡
û꣡
ô˽ҵʹıղҾȻںۣͬҾԲԺһŤ궿ӵģ
վŲΪȻۺ㵣ʲô
Լߣ
ЦЦ
˺ģ޵壬ըëָһѻʧ˵ר˺˼޵壡ѵ㣡
᣿
վ룬ǿеģܵһǰ˫һľ׵ϣȻʮֻŤŤңϻſɰޱȵЦݡ
޲ʹĺУŤԴ
ӡ
ţɡ
ߵСצԼȻʼУļУֲ̫ˣˣ㾹Ȼôĥأأ̫ˣ
ѾԼվţ
׾޵Դٳû˶ʵûסֱӳˣ͸ǰƵʼԻȴûظ
ٳٲظֻƼͲٿŻ׳֣ûԼĻ׾ͱһˤֱ˦˵ϡ
±ˣһԵĹҲסüͷ
վһŲڻ׵ϣֱӽĿƣֱӳϻ׵ԴŤµ˼
ģΪֱӵһҵĻ֣ˣҴˣû
վֲָ֪ʲô
֪Ҳᵱ֪
ֵʱ򣬹޼ʱֿ֣סж֣ҺĽ˦˳ȥվŷӦܿ죬صĻڿתһȦأһֱҲ˷Ӧг
ɵɵ
ߵķӦ̫ңվŵһΣ㶵ʣޣ
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վֱӿԭƴֱӶס
Ȼ΢վŶУҲԼ磬ҲܻװŻףֱӾ˹ȥ
뵱Ȼ޵Ļױѹ˵ϣϻһףֻһϵĥ
ĹŴε
Ӧ˰ĵվգգ۾һָŴϵЦӯӯ˵ޣ㿴Ͼ׷ˣ
Сţ
ûڣЦôģôԴЦ
վſ˼˵Ҿúܺá
֮ǰվŵı֣̲ס˵ǲǴˣ
Ǻܶ࣬õǼԣǳĸӣʱһǻ
վţ
˵ô죿
վûȫ̲סˣЦر𻶳ԭĴˣ㻹Ҳٴ㡣
վŲһԵɧĺɫףһֱӾͳ˹ȥˤ˸ʮת˺Զ
֣վһ˵ŴȫҶ
߻أԼôûȡѵأһٶ£ûܣ򲻵ðľֱӴɢĿԳϢˡ
룬ϴɰľžţҴ˻𣡡
վŻԴ˵㣬ĬĬ˵Ҿԭˡ
󣺡


25 
ãȻղԼˣһ̻ǾÿɰֱСʹ
ָо̫ˡ
ѡӣһµվֱӵȷȻֻԭ˵ġxֱӾͷˡ
һ޿˿ʼˢ磬ԷйĵĲ˵õأƭ˭أ
x˾ͲҪӣȻ۸Ǵ򲻹ǲǣ
ǾǣǣȻҲҪˣ´֣
¥ϵⲻǾȥ
ңӲҪˣҲҪй·ŭ
Ҳȥ˱꣡
y1966x2999
ַ𣿻㱻ˣ
¥࣡ҿxӵǼСţ

հ귢ȥɺ䶯ҾͼĬȥΪղżСŸǵ̫ˣ
ô׺ˣǻǲҪΪο˼ұվһ񰡣ְԶǵһЩС޻ЦЦͺá
ڴĬʱ򣬹޵ĬĬеһ磬ƣȻǳԹȺڵ뷨
ӭá
ˣ
ԭֻ밲ΧۣǴˣǲʲôôöԲԼ
ԣǰȻǻûп޵ĺɫףͼ屻˳ȥصĻģĴϣǷ˾޴
СţҪԸֲ㣡
ʱûѧ֣Ϊһδ󣬲ֵ̫վŹϵĿյɤΪʮ㣬˵Ļȴɱ⣬˵ȵ㡣
Ǹ۸ȴ˵
ˣ
ֻԼܵһʵ˺˭ܸǣΪʲôһֲڸߴĻȻסһֻյС򣡲ңŴεɤôɰǵĺˣ
ǣ缱ת
ǲ۸۸
СҪҪӰʲô㣬緢ģ
ҪСźӣʲô㣬ǳԣ
ǣ
ǣ
߷˸ۣҲֲǡ
һȺٽŴ󺺣
ˢø£ȫܾΪֻҪվйأҸֵռ
˳㣬߸һԳսһǧֻǱҽʵﻹάһرʯͷ
ʯͷӻ׷һּϡٵĲϣҲΪǵΪֹû˴ﵽ
һһϵͳʼֹ
Ҫ𣿡
޾Ϊģ˵Ļױ۹ˣ֮ûʯͷҪݻĻס
ôҪ
ҪӻѾһˣڶû˵޴ʱ䶼Ŭֻ߰ΪԽߣĻ־ͻԽͣǼѶȡ
˿޺ԼӺ󵽻֣ЩҲٶʱ䣬ƺҲһǧ
Щ͹ˡ
ĬĬܽᣬֱӰȺ߲˹ᵽ˹һ࣬ᶨƵĸ䡣
Ϊ˷ֹԼҵֵ˹ߣҲƴˣȻѾһֻ񾭲ˡ
ᱼ


26 
վŵͷĬĬİ򿪣˵ʱһֱŵվſˣ˵ĻȻɻ󣬵ȴòš
ھͰѴǽˣ־޵ˣǲǺð취
ӵĴǣ
һߵߣ
޹¶Цݣ۵ɫɫƣаˣɫ
ð취
޿ڲ仰Ȼֻվü뷨϶վžͿʼ忪ʼֻǻûпʼȻˢһ䡣
Ǿžŵģ
ˣ
ãȻܿ˸ˢѸǣˢٶҲ
˲ǳ裬ԭˣ޴Ҫռžţ̫ˣ
ǣΪǲû㣬һǱȥ㲥ǣû񫰡
ž˭С˭x
¥ϾˣҪȥֳҪۿǼҾžŰԵˣݰɣ࣡۹
ҲҪȥҲҪȥ
վţ
Ī׵ĸоô£
վŴԶ±Ƶģ˰죬ŻûȫַĬĬ֣ҲǾžţ޲x
Ϊֶǣؾžţա
վţ
ŴһĻϻһıʱЦˣվԭӦǺ͵ġ
ֻǣִˡ
ЦĴֿˡ
վſһˢ۾סգţЩί˵˵Ҳǵģ
ɰȵһγռλֱסˣ忪ʼοǣȻȫûע⣬оĶˣ
ԣ档
ۼΧ˿ʼӿԭû˵ķƬ̾ӿǧˣüվ뿪ܲϲվűӵĸоЩûж⡣
ҪҪʯͷͻῪˣ
ӵˣ
ڱ̫ˣܵ˺
žźСžȻȫϲޣ̫ˡ
رĿģȫû뵽žֻǳҸֵڷǣһ㼯Խ࣬ҸֵԽ࣡
û£ߡ
ǰ뿪ôɹرҸֵĴʱ
ԡ
Ȼʧˡ
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׾޴Դվţ֪ڿ׿Ӷܸо׺ݵߡ
أΪ˭
߾ǿԼעΧˣôˣžҪҪ׸
վƲƲ죬㵱ɵֲз֣һɱء
ˣ


27 
ʱĸλڷΪʲôСôײأǣǻǾúÿɰ
ô죿
Ǹ´ģ˵챾Ź޷йڻ֣ǲָʱֵǵʱ䶼ǻټҼԡ
ΪЧõ㣬ֱӿ
žϰȫɱˣҸʹӮˣҾȥޣǸǺóԵĲˣʱ޸
ΪվŻӵ˵ˣû뵽վ쳣Ļʵ˵գ
һѪǼϲľžѵǸԻɣ
ʵ֤ȷʵǣңȫûɣΪͷһ˲䣬ԵĻʧˡ
㱻ɢ˻һˢŴ硣
ž䣡ȫ
ԣϰΪ˾žŵޣǧҪ
ʱʱ̶̿뷨һѴΪʵǲϣžֻ
ֻǣǺܿ췢֣ڲʹܵ£ȫͲվŵĶ֣ܿ죬ֳͱһˡ
ſķվ¶һЦݣ۵˷ܵĹԽԽ󣬡ҡָϡ
ĺ˵յĿںĲ̡
ֳѸţȻҲۺˣر߲ˡ
ôյۣôҲ
Ȼ߾ȫֳ棬ֱӷ˸ݾվȵĸС١
ߣһնɰЩ޴ͰɣȻȻȣҪװ
ȥ˲䣬ͱ˵Ȼ󱻿ˢȥ󣬻˴ЩˢӣԼҪȥңֲһߵΪžȷʵܿɰ
ȻһС֣Ͼ߼Գޡ
̫ˣѱ棬ž̫ɰˣ󰮣
һǣҲ𡭡
ôûˢ̫ˣҳûˣǻң
ֱȥžŵ䲻ˣ˵ˣžÿ춼ᳪģ
𣿵һҪʧһĻҲҪȥҪžţĤˣ
ǲҪȥˣžųײСֱӵײС
ǸղŲ㱻һò׶㿪˹۵쳣죬̲ס죬Ȼɹƨˡ
۵аȹһĴ̲סɨ꣬˵Ľ
ȻôģôҲºˡ
ߴӰƬ̾ͳǰȻѾôҲνˡ
ڻ֣û취ΪǿˣԹΣΣеĻֶھŰپʮ򣬸ͻƣһҲûа취ʱҲֻֻܵȽȻ֮ˡ
ԣľͺá
Ĵڶ䣬־˵ġ
ǣˡ


28 
˲䣬ԭһϵˣֱӾһѷĳȥȫǲҪĴ򷨣ܴƬƬӣֱЧֳ
ʱԹȺȫˡ
ĲԴžôᣬԴ޼ֱм棬ۺ쵽װҪϣ
Ҫʲô˻򲻹ǲûأ
ǣ֧ǣݺݵᣡҵľžţ
һ򶼵͵ˣΪ˶ԼϷûм
ǽͲͬˣֱ˺䶯˶Щ
X弼һ޶쳣ǿܶ˶д裬ÿζܾôõĻᣬô
ԭ˵ľƬ̾нǧ˽ѸС
ЩĿɿڴûЩȫΪ˴ֲŰɣ
ĽĴֻߣ̲ס˲֪С
ſǵҸֵ߾ԼҸԽԽˣȻ޴࣬ôֵֹĴڣŰеҸ
վſԽԽ˲룬ɫԽԽϵܴΪ͵ԭȴû취ʩչ˦˦Դͷϵ߲ˡ
㣬ںˣһޱˣҾȰˣ
㿴˵ϵĶ鰡㿴඼쵽ˣ͵͵㣬Ҹղ˷⣬Ŀ֪ǲһֱھŰپʮҾһǧһһʮһʱٳֻ֣ԼĳȻַҼֱ̫ˣţ
վţ
ҸϵͳȫǸڻòá
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ܴܲ
ʹҪȴ辫УǾľ򲢲Ӱ죬ͬǾ£һҪģһģ־սȻơ
վſĺ棬׼ȷ˵ȫԣﶼͲˡ
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ĴһȻǣվŴδεĳֳ
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˵ԣǲҪ̫㰡̫̫ɣΪʲô㻹ҪӣʲộΨ̣
Ƕӣе²ȥ֣һǾžôֻӣ
ս˲䰲˶Ŀվ̨صڻףûǰ


29 
վЩԾԾԣþûҴ򶷵ĳˣ̲סӣΪͬԾ޴ĻҲĶ׾֡
Ϊ̫˷ˣվŴֱӿֻû뵽Ϊ̫Űҽţ˲͵˵ϡ
޴쳣Ŀռر
֪ЦЦˣ
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²ۣôô
һЦˬʵЦͨ󣬹վŵĶվŴģһ˵Ц
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֮󣬹޾û졣
Ҳ۸ģ
ΣվŵļֱƫˣǾǱ۸Ǹòã
ǹһĨȣѻɫ\΢Ща˵ĻȴᣬСҪң
԰
˿˿ɤ̫ɰˣվŹɼˣҲ˸ǵĲġ
ǱҺˡ
ϡ
ϺվŵĻٻһ£ȻͼѸٳȥһղŲͬ˵ղСС֣ôվžˡ
ߴǿɱվÿһ¶ϡ
Ϊû׿ȫ˵壬ĸĸУѾģ̬ԼΪľǿԼϾܵʹá
ǲǽо͸ᶮ廹оѨλһ˵Ȼ֪ǿѾĻҲһˡ
վŵעǳУжҲԽԽ죬ȴ׼
ƱصĻ쳣ܿͽΧһƬɾ
ֳһƬ
Ĺͫ˸ţǵĻȴЩ졣
ǺأСֿ˲ء
ȫĸȫû
ֻǣú۹⽥ڴﶵת󻮹꣬һƬɫ
˭ء
ΧˣվżԾ¡
ʱҲˡվᳬ˷ܣ۾ˣֱǴ˰
ȻǺܿģǣҸֵԽԽô£ֱûˣһֱٽ£Сడ
ٴνΧһ󣬺ߵ˻治ˣҪǣҲǻо۰
׿Ժ;һģصǣվŴıȱֱۣӷε۰ֽǱŤϵĸо
ʵǱžžŹģΪɵĳ嶯ĺܴ󣬴ûĸǶڴͳֵĿǾÿء
ңžŵ˺ܿɰıķҲ˼
ľžţǻǺݲܰԣͷˮҲû


30 
ô򣬵ǿڲǣ
ػؼ֮󣬴ֿʼˢ
žţǱĺòңϢ𣡳׸òãǴڼ
԰԰Ҷȥˣо嶼ʼˣ
žų谡
ȥأָıȵֻأ
¥డǵҾͶģ
¥ŮİɣǼʾžţ
ҲǣȻʲô

ϺܿͿʼŭˢ˲ˢ˽¸߶ȡ
޿̣һֱץվŵͷڣСצϵţֱӿߺߵ˵Ⱥ޴࣡ôҼҾžŵĿɰŲǣ
ڵĻ˵ȫûôһֵĳЦ
Ᵽܻ˼˵Ҳͷ
ҾžǲŲϡ
׼˵ҼҾžţҼҾžſɰ޵УˣȺ޴ථʲô
ǣȺ޴ථʲ𣡡
˵һ䣬Ҳ࡭

սֿܿʼǺܿ˷֣һֱûжڹ޵Ǽܻ׿ʼƶܿͽ˵ϻ˶˳ȥþȫֱӽɢˡ

ɢǼ춼񰡡
ݣ
ɫĻ׾վվű׾׵ԣȴȫҿ
վſŹޣպ˵ģ۾ġ
ôôȴأǿŴɼս߿ʼ
صߵĶ˸žĹ⣬պ˵žŰ㿴ôӢµı㣬۸ȫͳȥˣѵʲô𣿡
˵޵ʱվűܵĵͷ˵Ҫʲô
ߵĶȻŷâ谡ûҶ˵㲻ᣬ㳪谡޶Ӱ˰ϲˣ
Ϳˣ
𣿡
˵ǻġ
˵ΪĴ˵ģ񾭷ǳ죬ȻҲ֪û
ǾСƻˣҾúȺûа׸µ꣬ϵʮడǰ廹Ǵүȫûеֿ
ΪʲôһҪȣôˡ
ѵ𣿡
վű죬ܾԴӺԼԽԽԽˣѵԴ洢Ķж
ʱҪ˵ѧЩʲôõĶ
磬ķʬ


31 
߼վڷǴԾǱϴˣߺܵɪĿ޵Сɤһδ˿ռ䡣
ߣȺ֪࣬ҼҾžŸǣʲô޵Ů
ˣ
̲ס͵͵޷ϢڻĲĴķǹģ
ZֻС찡Ǹķ˼ֱ鳰
ޣ
ڹ޳Ĭڼ䣬˵ʱվŵĻһβͬǣվű׾Ļ׾Ȼ˶ǻеˣǻǿԸоվŴ˿̵ĽӲ
һ˲䣬ͿʼžЩ˿һξͱ޴ࣩˢˡ
žֳСƻ໣ֱޱڴ
ֱҪ̫ȰžſǴ谡
ž꣡ž޵Ů
޴࣬ݰɣ
üߴĻ˲ռ˿ռԺõλãպվţȻѾҵˣЩ˸Һλãӳȥ
ʵ֤˷Ӧܿ죬һӦǱŹڵλãǲԵ˶˳ȥ
ǰͺʮʧ֮󣬺ߵ˶ʵʵվһߣϾɾͼӰ
ʼʱһվŻŤȻЩӲƤɤǿԺǲ̫ЭĶġ
׸Ҳжվ趯ʱ򣬲üįĴ̲סˣһȻŶ
뵱ȻģԭһʱһӴĶ顣
ߵĶڱҫ۵ǣڲʣ쳤Х
ȻﶼϲһὫȫ棡
ȫͣҸֵҸĿ˳һ£Ȼʧϣ̫ˣǳĸо̹
ԽԽ˼룬ȫͣĽࡣ
һ׸֮󣬴һЩδĸоȻҪƲͻȻˤڵϵվš
һЦȴȫûж⡣
վŸȵĶĻеĶָŻױصĴϲǲǺܿɰ
޲һЦСҲ˼ĽֵĶҲǿɰĲˣͳµɤЦ⣬ϲܿɰ
ǲǷǳӣϹǰվŻ׵˹޵ġ
޶һ£۵׻Ĺ⣬ӣšССźܰ
ΧһĻףŭˢĻ޻Цаȡ
ȺɽĺӼʵӣôôء
򴽽ǣҲĹңСԾˡ
վŽʮ꣬ʮ겻ճ꣬ʮųˣڵվڹ޿ǹŵʮСһССһţҪ


32 
վԽϲޣΧĺԽܲס궯
Ҿxһˢıȫ̲ס
Ҳ룡Ǵ򲻹һ˾žŵģһô졭
Ȳܣ˵
ǷģʵȴǹǸеģǵ˺սȻûãһɹһ֣һ£Ȼֱ˼
Խӽķվſļˡ
ʱͻȻһĵʮ㣬ޣû뵽ٽȻ䵽ֵزȻһСѾͷƬӣûá
ֱֳӰҲˢ
ǰĽɫ׿ɲһ˿ģңϵ˲ŵǣһԾԳˣȻǸӢ۹ޣ
޵ΰǼû˲֪һ䣬ǲĵãЩ׵ĳɾһˡ
ĹҪĽڵĹɲСƣֻǸӵأ
Ϊԭûж䣡ȻƴŬţ
˿̵ĺǣͷԽĴȻҲвš
˲䣬޵ɫͱˣǿж׵ӣŻֱĶӡ
վ޷ͻ
վſĻףǵЦʧߣѹˣ𣿡
ߵԴϣȻصĵͷ˶޵ĵǳ󣬲ķܿɹۣŶ߸ˣܷٶټ
򲻹ǧϣǵĻ׺Ļȫɱϰ
ûҪϰ
վڹ޵ĻǰվǱ̬ӣ޾Ϳʼˡ
ɪգ˵
ɤΣ˵ĶǱ縧һرֻһ˲¡
ʱ򣬾һˣ쳣ľ޴󣬴ŭˢţ󲿷ֶվŵˡ
ŮȻҲˣ
Ů񣡡
໣ˣ׶ô
Һãֵֻģɪ죬ûжġһЦͽеԸ
Ļĺ֮ŵ̬վǿһĵԽԽ࣬ʵӵߡ
֮ģǵĹ̶Ŷӣ߸һǷ˿һŭˢΧڿ񿪡
һƬӡ
ʱվŵȫ˼ڹϣ˵ĻĬĬһ飬鳰ˡ
ĻӦǺʵݻͨģҽ£ݵ˳ܽᣬпá
һٿǰǸɪգĻ׻ǱȽʵõģҲ̫ˡ
һȵվţ


33 
ܿ죬߾ͱˣܻԺóޣ
վŵͷֻǵģͿԸо
߿һ¶ŭĶ˶ס
㵽֪֪أѾ˾ŰԾǱǵķġսǲܾܾģΥʿ񣡵ֻˣǱǸ׵ģҲֻˡ䣡
ݲ˵һСڣվŵڼܻ϶ת
ǵĻȫ㣡Ư֣ҲǴ򲻹ģֱߺˡ
վˣֱӰԴϵ߶˵ϣֱӲȥǾ壬˲ţ
վŵĻͻȻ񾭣ңرϲС
һȺԵĳԹȺڣ
ԭͻȻѣε̾ͨףԴϣͨ󵭵ʵЩ
߾Ȼ˵䣡
ǿɲһء
˵ǸʧߣΪʧȥܣʧȥȫҲʧȥ˼ıӣǣųˣͲվ
ǣȻ
ʹᣬòֵԥԥԴϣžţô۸ҡ
⣬һֱӰӳȥ
Ŀڣ߱ŵɪԲ壬һֱôô࣬ôȫܵϵͳΪʲôȫܴ
˵Ļ׶һֱɪ̲סʼ̣ôôӳȥޣ㲻ôϢ˰ɣ
ɪգͬĿڣ֮˵Ȼ˫ȲзԺ󶼺òˣ۹۹Զģ˵
ɪղ鲻Ը̫ˣǾܾĻԼ㾹Ȼ˵
ɡ
ģңңŹڵķ򣬴ε̾Ϣ쳣ϧ
˵ĻһƬˢ඼ƫ͹ޣ̧߱ߵϵͳˣ
ҧ޺޵˵̫ɶˣ񶾵ŮˣǺģȻ޴࣡ǻۣҶˣ

ڴͬʱļͻȻ쳣ң֮Ļ׾ʧ˵ͼϣԭվվű׾Ļס
ߣ
ֵĹڣ
ڱʧ󣬱ĶȻȥرǿɪգֱӾͶܳȥŨŨɱ⣬ǳĲ
վŵĻȻѾͬվŵĶǻױķͻȴޣûӳ֣Ӧٿ죬еΣա
ۿǰվȻתƷһԾ˿ɪգȺˣƴӲȥ˳ѵһȴҲܾ˵Ĵ취
վŷӦ죬ǹ޸죬׼ȥĵʱ򣬹ֱӽסˣɵĶ㿪˿ɪյܡ
β۾Щζаȹˡ
һֻӦֺܿսСң̵Щء
ϲȫ˷ء


34 
Ȼ˹ȥɪЦ
ޣҵСλԭǸģȻǰ۸Ұһµģ
һʳʱΧȻһٵ͹ŵĽһ˼˵˾Ǳûûɫ˵һ衣
ߺܹɵ˷ǷĽǣվˣҷǳ
ȥ֮ǰ޽סˣԴ
Χ˴ҳ̫Щ
ɫĻ׻ǰΪĻǾǴѹ֣ǾͷŵĽΧ˶Щܣͻѹ˶Ѿʼ޷ۼ塣
ܿ죬Χȱʧһˡ
һ£ԭ޵Ҳѹ
޾ʧȥܣľȴǵ۹Ŀǰǿˣû֮һֲ֣ôء
˼ѣǾȻǸսɱᣬˣǸվڵ۹۷ˣôǿء
ڣߵ˿ɪǰǿѹȥɪյĻҡҡ׹˫ϥڱ
һЦаɤ쳹ռ䡣
ȣϣǼסСŵûɫҪչҲŹΣһϢ֮սȫܡ
£ŲϲĿɪգ΢ڣսǵķˡ
޻գɪڵԱ˾޴ĽС
սϵͳһֱڣֻпʼİʹã֮û˻ʹãΪǷ֡һʧܣڣǵľܵƣʵͬá
Էܶ飬Ӱ㷺û˸ðգ֮á
սϵͳҪ˫ܣһΣֱõǿսˣͷ˫ڶ棬ͷɡ
֪ɫЩѿ
⼸иҪҪȥ¡
Ӯ˻ãˣҪޣĻ۵㣡ô
ּƽϺ󣬱üҧŹ޵ķһʧȥ⻷ȻûȤڲò
ޣҲʲôᣬ㿴
ɤȻɺ磬ȴЩζܶˣõΧӶЩĵ׷֡
޲ûᣬŻڷɵվţɤˣţŨŨĳ磬СţǸղ۸ңҽѵǣȻǻؼңòã


35 
һֱӵ̲סˣ˵㾹Ȼ͸С˵
һ̨һֱܰĻסΣȳ˵ޣⳡսܷ󣿡
ʲôѣǲɣ
θտڣ޴Ļ׾͵˵ϣҳٳûΪվű׽վĻϣʹš
һһ£ڷһ
æǴ˿̱޵ľţǵĻ׷ǳأȫá
˿̵վˣŵ͸ԾˣǷȫҶǷ
˿ŷһվţȻ˵ȫҲվ̫ɰˣЩ̲סЦ˳
Ȼܿˡ
ѾͷȻ˺㣡
Ȼͣס˶վĵ˺𡭡
Щ䣬Ǿ壬˻ǾñվŽĶǴͷŶ
׵˫ۿٵĴڹĻϣЩۻңվͣ¶ǳľ˻׵ֱۡױ˺ѵڼžĿռ쳣ֻͷƤ顣
վſǼǵõģҪᡭ
ˡ
һЩŮԣ˶ѡͻͬɾΪǴĵ׷ֱʲôֻԲ۵
վЦţɤ˵ĻȴЩĿɲ˵Ҫᣬ㿴𣿡
һ
һ㶼ᣡ
ٸСɱ㣡
ɪŭǳ裬ǶǹӵܣܵĴ
վŹһĨЦݣȻǿģǻ׵ȴǷϵģֻվĬĬֳ˹һ첲
ҿɳܵƵɱѽ
ⲻҪӣ̫ɰˣ̫ˣ߼ֱͱվһѪ
ͬѪѿյķ˿ǣ
վһԣ̲סĻȣӵվôء
ɪյʼŤŹŭ𣬡б¾ͲҪþѹǣҪƽ
޵һЦβ΢΢Ķվ˵СţҪƽ
㾾ԴĻ׶ס˿ɪգٿǳɴĵͷð
գſɪյĲҽУõĻױ˲дƷ
˵Կɪջ׵ķվȫǣ˻ǳɣһΰɡ
޵۹ҲվŵȤŨ˼֡
ղע⵽ŹֵָȫûжĶλ֣Чȴǳĺãÿһ¶ڻ׵ϸ΢ԺԵϡ
һɱģ㾹ȻңޣһǸ۵ģɪʹŭ𣬱ԴһӣĽ
ӭ
֣ò
ȫ֨ĳԹȺڣ
ȻŰ˼꣬ǽĲҪҪģֱ˵Ҫ


36 
ǹע޵ʱ򣬿ɪͻȻûٿȥʱ򣬾ͿվŵĽ²һ޴Դǿɪջ׵ġ
һ׷룬͵ȫûжͷϵûʲô
վŽĶĳ嶯
ΪվžȻԴˣﻨȻƯôЩ졣
ʣµļ˵Щףǵһ¡
ͬʵݵģǲͬʵ
ΪһḶ́ΪСĳɳһ£ֻṩǮǲϺ͸װȴԼˣ绨ǵľʵࡣ
ңĽͳΪ֮ҫķʽ
ƻѾǵĶˣǵĽ
Ҽ磬ױƻʱҲҪڣɪյĻѾǵͿԽˡ
ΪվŽ׵ಿָƻˡ
ÿ̨׵ಿֶͬΪ˱սϵĸ״վźɲɣֱƻ˿ɪյҪ֡
޵ԽԽߣҲЩֻ棬ǣվ˲жϳ˻׵ҪСǸپϲء
ѽҪƽ
ɤ˳ţȻ󣬹ĻҲɹķϵˡ
վЦЦȻվ˱ƯĻǰ
Щ֣ʵģӵڵĻ֣Ƕѣңûйܣּûз
ޣǰϣƻҵĻ׺𣿡ں󣬴ʺ󣬿ˡ
ֿʼˢ
˺Ů񣡼С̫ˣˣ˶ģ
˺Ժһξʹ㾫ʧһΣ
ǣǣǸ˾ͱŮ˳
Ůģ޲ֵģһзϣӭսث֣
ԣΪԼأҲֻܿ۸۸ˣбʵվķ
վŵЩСȫпõŮˣȻôеĽޣǷᣡ
ن£Ѹ٣ֱӾͽĻȫֽ⣬˻Ҫؼ֡ӰڳƶӶѣ˵Ļȫƻ
ÿһ׶ȫƻޱֱҪû޸Ŀܶʧ
ѾˣԹȺʶֽһ㶼ȣȫһ
̫ˣ
ңˣ
߿ԼҸֵֿʼΪʲôֻӣò׳Ҹֵֵ˴룡
ôôأôôأǱһЩôģ
ԭַվŵˣڽʧһ˲Ҳʧˣһδ˵ʵж˵Լ̬ȡ
ֻ˵һ֣޶ûзŹֱӽɢ
վẒ̇һأû˵ˣôҲ˵ȥ
˿̡
һǧһһʮһ
µѾ٣󲿷ֶǾԭˣǳվŹģȫž
ϵͳʱʾȻʼƷ
ͻȻʶһǧζʲô
ԲۣĲϵͳԳˣ
Щʯ۾ʲôĶҪǸװʯһҲò𣬵һǧǱҰôۺ찡
ˣһǧǱʲôԳ̫ˣһͨˣһɲ׬ǱҰ


37 
߿Ǳҵʱ򣬶Ҳðǣһǧ˽Լȥģ˭Ǹ
ߣ
Ǹѵڴ۾ʲôģǱʹģž;С
кܶ඼ʳ۾һǳϲ
ǿˣԳĸѾʼˡ
Ϊʲôͻ޵ĻͻˣΪʲôǸһǧǱң
ֱҪ
ǲ޷ջأ޷ص
Ա󣬾Ȼֻ֤ʵϵͳ⡣
ģԻ⣬ڶ
Ҫôϰ彻
װʯûˣǮҲûˣصǣõǻҪ
˻ɣǹްǻ治ҡ
ǲɵӣ޵ȫû취Σǿɲ۹Щһ
ԣҪô죡
˿̡
ߺߵģΪҸϵͳڸĸ֪С
ʧʱҪȵʱ򰡣ҸֵѴѵŲ׬Ҹֵʱ
žŰ㿪𣿡
İ
Ȼ޵õʱͰǾܿģԣȻҲİ
ǣҪҪ裬ο˵ˣ
ﲻǲ𣿡
ǵܵ˱˺Ҫο㿴Ƕ

̲ס˶ӣͲ˵ˣɴֱ˵ǳãҪΪʲô֮Ҫ裡ʱзǳҸֵΪޣҲҪ
վųĬ˻ᣬŹ޵λãڿΧΪˣͷ
Ǿ͵֮谡ֺȤ
վɤӣϵͳˣߵǼվžȻҪ֮裡
ֱ꣬ڳЩٽŴ󺺻ַ
˵ҸȻֱ½
У
ֱӾܾ
¼ֱǿŴѵĽӣò
վŷ˸ɰİֱۣץסԴϵ߶ڵϣȻһٿȡ
վŵĻֿʼˣû뿪ĺһɱƣ־Ӧ
̲סĬĬĿʼֵ֣ȴ˻һǣԶ
ִӻųʱ򣬴ֿˢһ
Ȼվŵıˣȫ谡һôټģԣôЩͲסĵĽˡ
ֻǣǺܿˡ
ɺû
žŵɤҲǳû
Ǹʲôʣ

㻹ûŮ
˫ð
㻹û
һ
㻹û

ǰһǲ⣬ǣǿǾ䣬㻹ûŮѣ㻹ûѣ
ž̫ˣ
ǣⶼص㡣
һѵʱվź̸ļţһʻĸˣˡ
СŲ



ۡ
ԭһ޿ߣͻȻЦ˳ȻЩԼҸֵǣôɰվţֱˡ
ȻԼҵһĳŲĸ裬ǻôۿɿڣ
¼ˣϴ
վŵĸ裬޶ڶԭѹֵʧ٣ŵﻮ⣬ҫĿ
΢ǹһĨаĻȡ
СԽԽɰˡ
ӣûȹ޶ߴߴÿһ䶼ſߺͲ
ǴĳѾͷȻˣ֪Ȼ˵ǵ֪ʲô˼𣬹ŵǾǶ˳ĳǶػɺӣ
˵ˣ㣬ûҡ
Ϊʲôû㣿
ûС˵ǵ𡣡
ɤЦ˵Ȼ
Ǻʲôϵңţ۲ݣڿ۲ݶ㲻ϣǸС磡˼Ұ
кβɣ
ɤЦɤ͸а
ͻȻã޲ʲô״̬ᣡΪװĺ͸һͿصǹԸ
⣬⣬֪Ǹ񾭲ʱ򣬿㻹𣡡鲻ãȻҲͶˡ
֪
˵꣬൱ֱӰĻ׸ˣȻͼֱʧڳУٶȼ죬ȫûзӦ
Īֵ󣺡
վǳˣǺܿĵĳˣΧĺǣɢһ޿ĵԸо
ȻѾǼǧ꣬Ƕʮһʵʵʵڶûиı䡣
жŮ٣ȻǾأصǣе壡
뵱ȻģֱǱߣ
ңվŻǰʱվűصĻȫΧŹתҺܿ죬嶼ϣĻԴϵĲ䰡䣬ֱҪ̫ǡ
Ҫ޵ĸо
ôҲôˣ鲻ѵĺֱӾˣֻʵվſɻڹϡ
ȻͿһ׺ܿʧ֮翪ʼˢ
X㾹Ȼչδ꣡Ҫȥ㣡žƫģƫģ
ƫ𣡾žŵȫǳXϣ
ҾxһһΣ
仰˵ʱ򣬴簲ЩȻֿʼˢ
¥ϵĸǸʹʵڲУǸļװ
ʵڲУҩϷ
̵࡭

߿𾢣һϵͳĶڻˣҴԽԽɰ
һҪɳȥЩ߰۾Ǵ
޿Ŵ磬ٿԼĻףµβ˿˿Ƶİɫϵͫ





38 
ڲϵˢţһʵĵˣȴѾŹˡ
ʱɫѾˣ۾վŻ壬ȻȫûƣУָоϡء
վŷŴʱѾܼģԼҸֵϵͳﻻȡһ·
ǰһ׿ɰ˵װվֱˡ
ߴԼҵӿɰˣԣվôܶù
žţ㿴ϵ·ģ㲻úѿ㿴޴Ķɾ
ߵĻվڶǿһԵ·¶Ե۾ɨ֮󣬾ȫˡ
޹װ
߶תתֱӾվŵԴϣһ˵žţң޿㴩һǳǳǳϲ
һ˺üǳ˵ķǳ棬վžͺĿʼ˼ɨ֮󣬻ǲ鲻Ը
޸հѶ󶪳ȥʱ򣬾Ϳֹ֪վ˵ʲôߣһԵ·ٿվ·ü
¸ˣأСڡ
۽Щɫ£εԼıŤֱӵĽǳɾİԡҡ
סķȻܹӣʩǼʿƼԣվɵˣվԡþ÷
Сʱȥˣ޵ͶѾ׼׵ˣվӰӶûС
ԡãûеõӦʱԡȻһ΢
üȻӿֱŶֱӳԡңȻ󡭡
ԴϾͱˮˣԴԴϡ
һȦɫ
ԡʩƻˣ׵ף
ƿʱվŸҵأ˺һͨûзӦѡ˹߳ķʽַ㣡
վãȻתȻСȫ¶˹ǰ
գ¶Ĵ۾ǰʪЩǱˣվſЦСŵ˹ǰ
ʱվſ˫ϣͷϵˮţˮ˳С£ŴƵӣɾ⡣
ûϵɫıЩӲҲЩһʱƿߣ۽ǵɫһֱȾ˶䣬ֱӶЩ΢ɫʡ
վԴŴŴ˵Ҫһϴ𣿡
ܾҪ
ޱߣûµϣǿһϴ㿴㶼ʪˣҰѰɡ
վ˵СȻȴߡ
ɤЩɬ߶Щ֪֡
˵꣬Ҫ뿪ڼõǷչŵĿʽռޣûôˡ
վܾ֪ģˮ׸ðܴҪϴˮ衣
ԡ
ʶʶ͵վŵļ֡
ִҪߣվֱӾͽεǽߣ˫Ϲ޵·˫ֹȴôվſǷǳ֣
ǣվſǸӶ۲õˣִĽǡ
˺DD
޵·ɹ¶˹ȻԲ԰ףȴµ塣
վһɱƣһ۵׵а涼Щѹֲס
ԭߣֵٺˣȻʧڽ䡣
Ȼûǹһɱ˵ĵѹװ֪ȽϺá

վҧҧͫ׵Ĺ𣬿Ź޵壬ѹֲסĺ棬ָ˺һᣬȥϣӲӲȫǼ⣬Լ̫һ
վţ
ץסҵ֣ŭ
СССȻͶ˵ˣ⻹ˣ˭֪ⷢչ᲻ֱӸҰˣ
վãȻˣ϶ˮǸ񾭴ģһǰ㵹
ɲɵģվŽСײĻؿڣֻ֧ѹ
صǣСѹ֣ȫ̲סĺģ
ԡ˹İ
ɫ죬鷢ž˫ִŵ˵ɫ۵ϸϸĹ⣬ؿڲϵĴϢס˫ֽӲڰС
ģ
Сôôĥˣ
վųţ޵˫ֽڿУ֪÷ģվֳٳٲ߾ֻʣˮµˡ
ˮ
޹˼ɣվûа
ߵĸоվȻŹ
޸ճ˲ãǰû˽ӴͻȻ̼϶Ѭģǵ񾭲ϵԾšվȵ壬ӵ޷ܣůڱ䣬¶ȣ뽫
ܾͿ
ͷìܣǲϵ
ͫײϢЩңã޲ǿԼ侲
ǹѾʧ˿̵Ĺޣβ΢΢ɫĺˣаȻΣ
ֻ΢΢ĶʣĶ£ԴЩƣˮűĹƻɫʣ롣
Сţ˯𣿡
վպ˵ģС¹޹۾˸˷ܵĹһţ˵ã
̲סСϣ΢΢۽ǣ뿪
תʱ򣬹˳Լԡס
·ʱԼԴڱƨɹӿţСЩ
޵黹㲻ҲԼĳӽţֻüҡ
ֵȻСצȥͿ˫аȵ۾һǣǳĹɵĵͷ
ʮĳԣȻҷһСС࣡˸Ǹգ
ˣ
ޣɱǧģȻֱӰӳȥ
һĬĬԼʱֱŶĿǳ϶ֱȥ˹޵ҡ
ҳ
ֲȥ˾ͷ˳ȥֱŵأˤ߻ء
ޣ㾹ȻСү˷磡
㷳
ߵŶۣǳûأʲôǱȥչˣ


39 
ҵ·ǳԲֱӽڻһ
˵ģǲǶʲôɸ˵Ŀģ˵㲻
޴࣬ſң
߾ԼϵͳˣǿѵķϣԷַ
ϣҷҴԲѣ
ʹĴȫΪ˷йôţ治ң׼û⣬Ȱж˿鶪ȥˣ
Ҳˣֱӿ
󱻵磬ֱӾͽ˦˳ȥ໴еѾȻҵң
߷ڰУҧгݵѾ񾭲Ҳ˭
ΪҸֵ࣬ԼԲǵô򵥣
һһϵͳ߿ɾڣȴһƬг
ڹޱƬʱվžֱ˯˹ȥܰϴЦ⣬ָҵӵСޣ˳ɣ
ָ࣬࣬ȵ¶ǽȼһ
Խǿ۵аȵĹâԽʢ½ڻʱ򣬹̲ס̾ι
վűһ㣬Ź޵塣
ˡ
һ˺ޱȣһ
໥һʱϡ
͵͵Ǳ뷿һƬȴסһܰ
һһεİȡ
վʱ򣬹޻˯
һűǰĺգѻɫĺھëһƬӰ
򣬼˯ţҲ˿
ֱ۽ȦڻվЩѲֵĸоȻоİ
ޱģر
ָ̲סվҪ۾ûͱץס
޳ŵ˫Ĺ⾪վŵģֻƬ̣ЩϸϸİӿʧǳĹ󣬱ϢıϢ䣬ˡ
Сʲô
۾
ͫﻮĹ⣬ãı˫ַۣԼ۾ϡ
ָ޽ëʱ򣬾մʱһһļµĸоվɪ£ҪȴûиܾĻᣬ
ָ⣬¶ȵָԼβ΢΢Ħ
ܵ˹裬վźСĵԼĦԴƷһ
ǷֵĵӺļ¹ȥվž˺ָܶ࣬ŪĽëĲֺ

Цϲ
ޱȾ̲ס𴽣ϲ
վɫ˵ģ̵Ľëڹ޵ǰգգۣɨƤģֵĴС
ϲ
ӱġ
ЦͳЦϢվŵ
Ȼ˲һ٣Ϊʲôأ
ʱ򣬹޳ȥΪ·ȻΪ׼ף֣ʵ뿴Ǽ۵·
ֻǸճţͿŻҲķ䣬΢ΣյĹ۵ס
ߵķӦ죬ֱӾʧˣķӦ˺üģߺš
С˶ôʧܣ
ɹ
аɤӲתЦתʹܣֻûܣͱסˣֱӵ˰С
ɫЩ죬ǽ壬еĲ
һЦָεķϣӦСŵľޣУѷʰˣȻĻʧ
𣡾ͲС֪бã㰡
˵Щˣ˵溦°ܿɺܲһһһܿأһ£Ǳˣ
һݣβ΢˵ΣգСšеģ
е˶ˣΪɶҪҼƽϣ
˭ǰ
ްһߣָ⻺ҡڣĶʼģĻζε۾컨ˡ
Ƕⱨն񣡡
£Ǵʹһʮ꣬Ϲôã
ֱգ¶ţµǣϸµαЦǸӡ
ǰǣԵ۵׵ſа
ȫƭ˵ģ
ʲôţȫƭ˵ģ
װʹװװʲôʱ
Ưüβ٬΢΢˴꣬ɤգϵϢȴġ
֪ʲô޻˵һϻͰιޡ
˵Ҳ˵ҿˣˣ
Ŷҷſ
ϻϽģˣ
á
بDD
ת˲ʧ
ŵأˤرǱټͷԷΣþöûվ
Լ죬ϵᡣ
оɭɭĿֲС
һǴ
Ȼöϲڽǽߣһȥֱӽ˹˳ţһɳһԵװ˹
ķ£󣬹۵ױĹĻȣֱʮ㣡
ã޻ָ˵ӣǺŵЦҲʮ㣬ߣЦӯӯ˵ߣһҪСŴĿɰʮϡ
ϡ
ĸηεĻһĲҪҪģԲ岻סĴŶ£ʼˣʼˣʼ¶ıˣ
Ϊ֪Ǳ˼
ȻϲŮŮŮ
ϲɫݣ
̬򲻹ŲЭ
ǣǴ򲻹
ĬĬԼһٱֺõЦţɵǰСצӾţǳ֣ص˵װˣҷģžһǳǳɰϲ
Ƴһ£쳣ߣȡ
ĵ׷˸ۣʲô
˿Ǳ˻ҪΣյĴڣ
ֺõȻǱգ


40 
޿һ̧ۣԴЩţ۴ͣСſһȡ
ĵײ֪ΪʲôȻð˿ĵݣԽԽࡣ
˺ᣬᵽҪԼϵͳˣ
ʱ򣬹ȴȻһһƾʹԲϣͼߵڷﲻϵĵȥ
Ļ
޹󣺡
ɨǣ޳ָ⣬һûһµĸŻе·
Ƭ̣޵Ȼһݣβ΢вĻЩɭ䣬ߣܺǵ죡
ĵͷת򣬻ɱƵĬĬȻǺˣҸֵİģ
أ
ûзӦĶ࿴ۣסˣ
ίˣԲ嶶˶ɵ˵ǣסˡ
üŲϵͷЦ»ָķ·һ󴺷磬ɨļ⣬ԡ
Źϵһһϵͳ˷⣬ҲڴӸղŹ˳
ĬĬܽ᣺Ǹ񾭲
ǳϿɵĸͣ񾭲
ͻȻЩ磬ԼҴиһӣôоɲޡ
ҼҾžΣˡ
ͬ̾ϢֹΣգֱһı磡
ֿʼֹס߾Լпɰľžžˣôô磬Ʋĵһ˾Ǹ񾭲
Ժϡ
Ҫˣ
ҲЩͷۡ
⼸꣬ΪסΧ̣ͷûʲô˵Ҳţʲôģ㶼ıˡ
һأְˡ
ҡ
һòҪ¶ȣͻȻõѾҪлл˺𡭡
οԻ·ûⰡ
ͻȻеԼΪʲôͺôֵܼ£ֲ̫ˡ
һһϵͳĬĬվڷǰ
ûһᣬŷɫװվž˳
Դ϶˫βԲģܶԲԲĴβһһεģĿɰоʱΪĲȵڵذ
վαͽС쳣һСȫʮ꺢Ӷߣԣôɰ·ֱˢۣ
·ֱǼӷ
СʲôģȻϵϡ֡
ߵĶҲֱˣѾͲˮˡ
ҴҪҪôɰ
۾Լ˵ĻֱƨôɰСѾͷҲҪȥ
Խ룬ԽƣЩ
Сŵľޡ
޵ɤЦ⣬ǣȴɭɭ塣
嶶˶ЦʵʵĴնˣǣ߻ɨվš
ôͿôСֻôɰӲİȵĲҪҪģ
۾תת룬ʵԶ䷹Բ
ҲЩģҸֵһ׵ö䣬ǲǰ
޿ʱ۾һȴ򴽿ߣֱù۵ײȾЦ⣬ޣԡ
߶˶ȫƲסԲն񾭲װ
վŻЩ̫ϰߣ·⣬ȫӰͷŷཱུĶӣЩĴ˴
ӡ
رԼڹ۵׵ӣҪƯƯģԲҪǰӣǸªӣһŵޡ
̬ʮȴЩƵվ˵ǲǺܷʣܳ󣿡
ܿɰʧ䣬΢ĬĬļһ䣬Һϲ
ģ
վŵĴ۾ȻֻСá
ץԼֱ۵С֣ǵЦԽᣬֱ߳ˣģҺϲ
Ժô
վ˫һģЩ˷ܣɤ˿˿ģ޿αЦƣֻ۵貵Ĺͺˡ
á
գ߾յ˹޵ߣڲǺ񣡲ǾвúöСַӾѱ䣡
ѾԼݵߡ
ջߣ̧־Ҫö䣬Ϊ㣬վ΢΢ף˫ֳ˫ȣΪƨɾ̧̧Ӷռ˲ٵλãĶһһεġ
̫ɰˣ
߰룬ôɰһҪЩ޴࿴һԵԼ
ȻƺҴˣֻҪϹޣƭ
ߵĶ۴˿ֱ̼Ѿǣڱ󷢹һĶվš
վãȻ΢΢תԴСֻץһ䣬޹ͫףˮһֱӹǶˡ
һɰģģɿڵСӣ
öȻδŮϲʳҪˢøжȣתֱӿֱˣ
ԲۣԼץԼСӣֱַؼҰ
ЩѹѹĲվţɨѹֲסϲ󣬴һվŵԴϣǳ࣬ʷʴö䡣
վ̲ס˫ɵĲˣöĴƣһҡһҡģȻǿޱȡ
ҧҧһ۹ޡ
ɪ
һĨЦչСñĴһɤ˵Сұ
ֱһѪΪ֪ʲô浱վǳôԡ
ʵ֤վŶڹ޵Ҫȫܾȫ붼롣
ȥˣ˫Ź޵ĲӣҪжҪжǡ
ˣ
ʹУͿŹޱɰվţ߹ȥңյ˹ǰС
꣬ûˣ
ôʹˣӾûˣ


41 
󶨵Ķܿ͹վŵȤܸߣһûʳ۾ˣڹ޵ϣȫû뿪ӡ
ĵطƴվŽܵѹͳ
ץվŵβͣŴͫ΢ͻȻڰ¶һЦ֣ˣСӦûϲԵġ
˵Էվ̲סͷɵ¶һɰЦݣ˵ǰȥǵ㡣
ģĽŰЦˡ
ѽСǿɰֹԻԶϲĲ˰
һҪԼĺãźùջؼң
󻶿ȥ˳󣬹Ц뿪ǳ˵ЩóԣҸúóԵġ
׼򿪵վŶסȻЩ᲻ãǶڹ˵ĺóԣǱȽڴġ
޲ĴնˣֻͻʱԺܳڼ䣬վûס̰죬˴ʳ
̲סϲɲû˹޻ˣ
ţֻҪǺóԵģϲԣ˵Ժ˧ģֱӾޣ˵Ļˣ
޵վſĵطԶǺڳģаģžᣡߣ
Ҫ
ȫǣվ˵ʳﶥˡ
ϵͳ޿ǿ͸͸ģʲô˾ʲôϵͳһĵʲôдϣ±˲֪һ
ԣΪѵĽպˣʡһԼˡ

̫ء
޻վֵ°͵ļͷ͵ԡ
վԵĻ죬ӶĹĹĵģͻȻעĿûüȥЦŵˡ
һᣬҧֶ̫ΪԼǿнͣҾԲǹ͵Եġ
ЦϲͶԵ㡣
á
ΪȫǶվ˵̫۵͸ϲ
޵΢˿Сһ̰Եӣٿûʳ΢΢дĹʵʼ
ôó
ҪȻӣӣζģúóԣ
Сֿʼ˵ֵĻˣŵľӣҡ
򴽣죬˼ԣι
վżҪԣȻǷĿİֱӾͰԼҧˮ
ٴëס۵ռ޵̲סЩƲס۵ĸоһ̷޷ѹ֡
һҪƣһҪԼ沿һʱЩ֣Թ޾ͳٳûֻ̧ͷļ򣬳õĳĬš
Ļʹʹ
ͻȻһеվգգۣ˿ޣֱȥŴβͣС˴š
뿪ʱ򣬿ſµĻͫ˲Ҳֻһ˲ܿͻָģգֻ̬ζĴβͣĿ¡
߶˶һСԼڸСĵĬĬлţڣڣ
վŵĶܿ죬һһǵ׹Ķ֣Ϲʺš
һЦȡ֪ʲôóһζӨӨĺܺÿ
վãȻ䣬˫ɫĿӾͱ¶ĹʵϢ˲ڿռ䲼
ûζٵ߶Ե
̫ˣûθоˡ
ֱ˳еĶʱֱӾͳ˹ȥڰϣͱ
ŭޣûԣ
޵Сŵġ
վǸԼģ;ҧȥԹ֮վžˣ˫۾ţȫܡ
óԣóԡ
򴽣ЦĿģԼĻԼֳԡ
Ѫĳ嶯û¾Ҫûһ£꣬վŲʶһ죬ⶫԶ˹ȥ
߿˿ٿԵ쳣վţĬĬɨ裬鿴Ϣ
֮˶ˣʳڵδ̫Щ
ʵζɿڣݾǣҬӣȴ̼ӹĽ塣
ݿûдڣǣеӪɷֵּУϳˣ߳˺ܶʮ
Щص㣬صǣζֵĺãܺ;ȫûиãȫûУ
岻ö˵ֱһĴڣ˭˭
ֹĶʧʷ𡭡
վĽʺ޵۹һԹˣͷһֱŴǣЩδ
ó𣿡
رóԡ
ǲǱȰĶóԣ
ţóԵĶࡣ
£ȫˬˣĿļͷ΢΢ĥ䣬߿Ĺȫһֻõ˳è
У
ĳ
󲻻ǰݵԼ֮
ڱųԵþĶЩίɾôһϲԵĶ̫ˣΪôС³ԴףӹȻûˣ
ͲʣЩ𣡡
վŹЦţž˲̶˵
ͷȴǳ϶
ʲôԷ֣ʳ͹ޣȻһȫģǾǣ޸ʳ
ץץԴСɫ壡Ѿ񾭲Ե𣡡
޻̧ͷվŵļ˵˵ʲô
ܺת̫ˣ
һȥ̵ࡣ
ˣ


42 
ʱ߶ȻѵվŵĴ˵ҸֵҸֵ
ĩˣǣĬĬ˾䣬Ϊޣ
վͻȻ򴽣ȻЩǻǲ鲻Ը˵޻𣿡
ߵŵͻȻͣס̲ס䡣
ţԣ
Ҫʵʵ˵ʱߺ޺޵˵ˣͲˣ
ĻȥվŴԴеƣԡ
޿˿ߣٿԴĵվţеӸпռۣкֻܶ࣬ҪþͨͿȡŶ
ޣȻǸƫĵģ
˵꣬վž͵һ㡣
վͬʱڣˣǹԾЩʧ뿪վŵļͷʹԴվŲȥֻõŨܴĽë
ޣ˵ҪοͻҸֵ
վ˵ĺС˵궼ʱʱĶ޶Щɫ΢Ŵ˵ǣҲġ
΢΢̾˵Сޣ޾ɵģЦҲʧˣֻʣµԡ
վſӣߵĽǶȴǣ΢΢ЦĹ졣
ҴĲҪ̫찡
޹վôϲԣûߵĺƣվſɲѵǵĸͳȥ
վã֪Ϊʲôġ
ֱӾըëˣҸֵȻڿټС
ҧҧ߾ϵͳܵǰδевôôᣡ
ôҼҸֵķģҴһᴥ
ҡ
ߵԴͻȻһаɤԵȻȻöаȵЦݡ
ôҸֵģ
߾Լϵͳ⣬ȻôҵôһΣԼҵԺôĶ֪ɣ
ߵԴҸֵǣʹҸֵôõģ
ȥϵͳ趨תһȦ
ɿվţȴһֱߵϣһֱЩֻ֣û뵽ֻ̽þ֣ͷһ˼硣
һϲء
Ȩ֧ҸֵȻޣȴҲǸķ֡
ɲ²ƿصĴڡ
Щʲôȥϵͳ趨תһȦ浱Ǻ۸ģ
ǣԼ趨̽һ飬ôûҵ趨ľϢ
Դ𡭡
Ժһγֹ޵ģϡ
ߣĵˣߵвӦҲô
νϵͳ߻治ǸˣǸϵͳȴƫƫΪװ̫
ŭ㲻۸ͣǸСӣ
޲˵ߺܿͶҪΪʲôֻǲԼҸֵȫʧ
ģԻᱨģ
ȻĲ鲻Ը߻ģΪãȻվŽˡ
˵ֻҪ޾Ͳˡ
վŸжŹ޵ȥûѵʳ³
ɶޱǿˣ
֪֪ǿǹԼҪģθ롭
۵״ųЦȻ޵Цգվ̲סױûϵ˵һ£վֱ׵˹޵ǡ
˫ۣâϸ룬޾̵Ľë˲۽ǵɫȾ˵Ķˡ
Сô
򴽽ǣ΢΢ϢվŻ
վŸ뿪Ĵָȥ˫ĸоԹȾջϢ
޸ߴ屻վαϣǿ쳣Ȼȫûзôô޻Сϱ
󾪴ˣ
ˣ
ֻף˵Ծջճ꣬⣬Ѿǳ˵壡
ǣҲֻ֪Բ˵ģԣ
֮ͣɹŵ򣬿ɾǸʮСӰôµ찡
쵰
Ҫɱ
뷨ߵͱһסˣûֱӾͱӳ˷䡣
ֵ屻ӵԶһϵͳˣ
浱۸
һҪԼǸβǣΣգ
ֻǴ˿̣ɤȴһִĴ˵ĻòĻҾ͸Сţ۸ң
꣬ҪҪôţǸ˶ó۸
ǣһģҸֵȫͣɼѾǿˣ
ⱲӣƾһνҸˣ
ôôϹ
飬ƫƫԼ֪¶Ůģ
ǲ˵ģ
ֻϵͳ˶ѣ
Щģ
ûԲǰοԼġ
ء
ôô
ίίĶڽҪҴȻҲȥ
ȻվȫĴڡ
˿̵վţעǹޣ΢΢Ħ˹ɵСޡ
ޡ
ţ
Һϲ㣬Ҹоˣڷɵһио
ò׷Լߣûȥ
ɶҲĴȻ˵ˣ
Ǵ
ŭڣôôһ񾭲˵ˣ񾭲
ʢŭеٲȻˣվŻǸ񾭲
Ȼ󡭡
߾ֱ˦˳ȥ


43 
վãȻͷЩɻ󣬸ղߵ
üЦᣬֻ䲻ȥĻȱ¶޷ڸǵ顣
סС°ͣǿԼ򴽽ǣպˡ
վɵˣãȻĸоԼһСŹ޵Ĵ֣ǳ˵һõģҪʲô͸ңһ㣡
˶٣վż
ڿʼ
ֻһ㣬ƭ㣬
Ӧÿһ飬Ҷõ
㽲ÿһ仰滰
۸㣬㣬㣬
۸㣬һڵһʱ㣬
㿪ĵʱ㿪ģ
㲻ģһ㿪ģ
ԶƯζμ㣡
ֻ㣡
վŵף޵͸ˣҲ͸ˣСﲻݣЩ˵Ļô˵ôȻ
ûЦˣرǿԽӲ˵壬ᶼˡ
˵еļͥλ
ֻɰСţǴеҺڵˣ˵ǹģʺڼò绨
ԽԽģɴֱЦ˳ôôİ
ɨۺ󣬹ͻȻȻһЦķ˿˵˵Ķ𣿲ƭң
վſٵԴǳ࣬Ӥʵ˵Υ͸Уȴƫƫ˸оɰĲˡ
Цң۸ҡ
Ұ۸ȥ
һ±Уվܾ˦˳ȥһûֱӽ˰УңҵĻζţ
Բۣһ˲һţķӶһ
СšԣžţҲЦû۸ҾͻȻܿģϲˣΪģңˣǳԷɣ
ʾã˵Էվŵעɹתơ
ð
ޣ
󣺡
ôֻ࣬õһɣǶԳԶִţ
ֱӷſһŵأԼСȻɰǻ̫Σˡ
ķ˽ϻǴЩģղԼ˵Ļˡ
ΪߵҲӦվλϣ
ߣ
վûദ̫ãǣΪԼϢϢأԶĶѾ˱
ԣ߽ʱվűܵĽڻޱڻһʱ䣬ԼǸһ
رǣʳﻹˣ
ǰվӵĻʳģЩ죬ʼ٣ֻҪͼҩͿˣ˶˵óԵİ
ǣˣˣˣ
ٿһȻһоǹģ
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վɣѾˣһ۶뿴ΪһֻĩʳĴڣⷹ粻أֱ˷ԭϣ
ΪûгԵʳվŶеˡ
޴ϵĿռóһΪ򿪺ȻĬĬİοأȥ˳
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һᣬͷ˳վſʱֱЦ˳
һΪһ͸о˺ѷεۣ
Ȼ֪ʱԼһΣҿ϶ǹ˽𣡾Եģ
վЦеģòɰôɣĴЩͲס߿վ΢ĵ̧֣ɰĶ䡣
DD
ҵĽֱȸղŻҪң
Լ뿪վڵķΧһΪʹеŤʲôȻֻһŤоֽǵۣ
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ңһסģ۰
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ʲôңѾûָϵͲˣ㾹Ȼ˵ң
Ϊ򲻹ǸӵĹޣԳȥ
ʱˣܹ𣿹ͷЩλžڰ㡣
Ҳ˲ˣ˦˦֣ϸϸĸ֪£»ˡ
ҲǼǰɵģԴˣû˵ǣͷ֮Ҳѡ֫ǽͬ
ЩȻװû⣬ͬˣǾ˳ʹŽܲ⡣
ǣվžȻκˡ
۵Щìܣȴǵ˸߹ͷ­ǳ֣صĵллл
վŵͷצӣץץһãȻ
վЦӯӯģκˣѵøʵʵĸл
ãȻ󣬡ʵʣ
վŵͷ߿ȥˣֱӶԴϣҼҾžſҪҺڵˣѵñʾʾ
֪ǳ鴤仰μЦ㣬ǿѹЦ⣬ɤӣЦҪ٣
վԴǮĸǺ߲ǰֱҪ˸һǧ򣡡
էһһǧʱüܿʹԼ˻Ǳת˹ȥ
˷ܵԼȻûж
һӺ߼гҪ飡վŵ˺űĳϵͳĬϳɹ޵ˣ
ǮǮ
˿̹޻ǹЦĿοڣҺõСˡ


44 
㣡վһ߿飬һ߳ŷһǮģʱҪʲôͶˣ
á
ЦŵĹޣˣվ̲ס˿ϲʳڿһԿˣֱ̧ۡ
ҲԣһƯƯģ̫ˣҪղŽ
ߣ
ҴƺرҪ֡
޴Цɹס
ЦۨDD
ʵǣһվ̫ɰˣЦ˳
еڴԺӣȴվŶԣ˼
ɨ󣬹캬סƷվιĺ棬Ҳȫܾ󣬿˵ⲻŮѣ谮ĸоġ
Բֱۣˣ
ôԼ
Ůѣ
վĬĬͷԼҪҺڣôҪúֱˣ˵ˣԿٵõҸֵȻԶһҩùվһǳġ
Ҳ˵Щ޴ܺúƣ׬ǵǮֱԲԼ
룬վ˵ޣһҸ㳪òã
ٴܵ˺ĵ󣺡
𣿹ŵоÿ죡ôȥأ
ߵǴ˾ԼΪŬҸУںÿ챻Ű
ǴСǿֻҪ벡̬ۣڲٰ
ⶼ£
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Ĵ𰸣΢΢ǣĶ˵İ⣬Ƕ֪ģȻĻһô죬Բԣ
ҵģҲŲ㣡
վŷǳļᶨĴ˵ţ۾貵ӣջ˵ģ־Ҫ̫߰
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ĺܿ죬Ȼȥʵĸи赥ҪվųȻͬ⡣
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ˢͻȻͣ£ǶԿķ˿֮ء
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С͸ñ谮ڱ˵Ҳֵ𣬵ǾžǴҵģǴҵģ
žţžţ
ŭˢʱ򣬱ǧ򻽵ˣɹһÿһµĴգĽСվţ㴩ֵ·ڹ޵ĻССһš
˵Ǵҵġ
޵ɤЩͳ˿˿ʧסվŵģվſʧ䣬ٿĻʱ򣬾ûôºˡ
޵ģ
վ˵ĺò϶޹𴽽ǣĿļͷͲû۽ˡ
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ղǸݶǹ޵ģ
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Ҳûѡ񰡣޹
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ˣԣҵ鳪һϲģϲʤС
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ǣǾ÷ַӺڡЩְҲ̫֡
˺
ͬĬ
Ƕô




ûźͿϧ

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Ϊ
Եľ

Ψһ
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45 
վųʱĿŹޣ۵΢Ĺ⣬̲סϹޱ֡
վŲ飬ΪСδ⻷һֱԼǹ
ǡ
ȴģ˵ĸ飬ݴѧĸʱ﷢ͣԼϺǲǻҩһ룬ֱ벻
Ҳˡ
޵ɤͳԸУűϢ˵ᣬվŵĶϡ
ıҲơ
վŴĿпģĸ飬Թ޵ʱͻȻɫЩԼһָоܴġ
ס֣վźʮָۣͷļ¶ͻȻֶ˼ָ֣оɡ

ߣһ飿
㶵ķȴûע⵽ѾһĴĻ
ԲۣҶȥˣûֽ԰
ǱϴˣҾȻþž󣬾Ȼˣ컹ǸӰһˣ
Ҿúô죡ߵȣܼ
ÿ죡Ⱦžڴң
X̫ˣžžžˣھȻ֮ͥϣҪ
ҲǣҲǣҪСӾžűؼң
¥ϵĲںǣҼҿɰľžФģô˧Ӣۣ͸оžĿɰŮѣ
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Ӣۣ۹ӢۣӢۣ
ԣ޾㲻ǿԵȣ
ԣԣţһź͹޶սأȻŰˣҲ°
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ҴӶԾžŵϲ˵˶Թ޵ĳݡ
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ԽǳţЩԽ޷ͻ
һ꣬ôվŵĴڣһý顣
ͨǵù»ָҫǼţս޼᲻ݣXһʵһҲΪԭӡ
ǲҴţȴζŲ»ع顣
޲ûпĻȴš
˶ڹ޵ڴվڴǰ˵̬
߬ȭͷս⣡
۹ޣֻվŵļͷһ˫µ۵ףӳǰСѾͷ
Щۺ죬޲ϵˣսΪЩ˵˽ģôҵĴۡ
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ǻأ
ҾǻŮѣһӵ£ǲԷϡ
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СŶһӵ˼ڵԻİãİ֪ôܿ϶ҲģϾʶ
̰ıԣǳȨǮҲԨ
վŲʮ꣬һӣôס
ͻȻЩȤɫЦɢȥɢȴŵգһԣֻûɿ˼
ҵһԶû취䣬˵ѾһˡһӶֲģޱ죡
վ˵ĺ棬ִţ۵״Ų̬϶
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ʱĻϿʼˢ
֮ǰ˵ۻн磬Ϊĳ˽ĽˣҲ˵վ⻰˶
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ž䣡
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46 
ֻ˲䣬ֱͿˢһ߼ֱֱǱûĸоصǣЩ޴ྐྵȻҸֵûֹסӣ
ȻĴڡԲݴȥ˵̫˰
۹ޣѵ¶Ŀ⣬Ӣ۾ӢֻֽۣͿӵҸֵ
Щ޴డˣ
ղŵѪ鱻Ĵڵ˼ֱҪ̫̲ס飬ԸĨ֪˭˭ԸĨء
վС첲СȣǹαװȤţǷַӵ£ŲվССֱ̳븹
Ҷʣ
ϾڶȽϰȫǡ
߲һҼҾžţ
УһҼҹޣ
ҼҾžţ
Ҽҹޣ
߳ţҲϷŹᡣ
ǸɴİɣҶ׳ľžѹս񣡡
أأͶƱϵͳϽģ
ں۵Ȼס۶ʼŹˣǸ׬ǮĻᣡ
һȥǣֱ䣬Ȼнһ˲μӡ
ϾעҪעǣǸԣÿעʮǱңʮע
զȥأ
Ȼˣɵס˵ļ鰡ڻǣǹޱȽ϶һЩ
վž˶ˣǳ˵ҰԸĨΪʲôǶ㣿
Сǲǲˣ
ίί̾ϢΣ޿˶Ⱦįë΢΢۵׵Щ
վĿ˼ĽͣҰ㰡
ѵҰԸĨ
ӦõģôЩְ
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ҡҡͷ򴽣ĵСŹȻǲϲҵġ
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ɤɴǿƣɣԼƫִ
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Ϊʲôܾùȡ֣ЩĸģԾǺƲվŰ
վŻЩᣬ򴽣Ľëɫȫ⣬ֻϢȸղŻҪ
࣡
һվ׵ķǳɴࡣ
޵ʹﻮɫĹΣǺܿţɰġ
վЩãȻˣΪС˼βͲϵҡţһһġ
ԭĹޣβͻȻ´һĹ۵ףɫĴָ꣬Ħ˼£⿴˿Χ˼£ĬĬץβ͡

ɳָȴһֱץš
վԴ۵ɻβ˿ʼٵҡ㶵ĿԼβͣ
ȻΪأ߿˰޵ٶȺܿ죬ǿ
ߵ۾ģƺ˲˵£
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ΪʲôҲΪҲаĿǰԼ޵Ů
ȻŲء
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·˵Ƕ￪Ļλζ䣬ҡҡβһ
ΪŵĻ֮֮źܿ죬Ѿû̫ŵ·ܳ󣬱ϾǼĳЩŤ
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ǰÿɰȵĳ͹ŵһȣֱǲֱӰ
ŵֱҪ̫ɰЩǼﶼȥɣ
߸վ׼·Ȼں㡣ӰСָܰȳ裬ֱʤ
ҪҪ͵͵ĺһѺõĽء
Ʋסʱ򣬹޵ͻȻɨ˹ңĿһᣬǹЩұЩΣա
ߵĴĳֹ޵Ļ
·ԣĶƿ

вѵΪһֱԼҵģѵ
Ȩ壡
صθˣֻһڵʹԻˣ
ô붼ûȫС
̲ס˶壬ǿнԼ߿ĻһߵͻȻЩۡ
һǶȷһվű޳ԵģΪվűѹļֱ֧Ϳѡ޵Ĳ
ǣ
ǮģǮģǮģ
Ϊǲ룬ߺܴ󷽵趨ʡ
Ҳû뵽ͰԼˡ
ܵվŵԴϣûأͱһƸ˳ȥֱֵӾײϡ
ŭлҪ˵
޵Į˵
ֻɨ˵ĻҪĮжĮֱС
ɤվŵʹԴŵö䶼ſģɼơ
βȻһҡһҡģȴ޾ɵġ
βԽǶ޵Խ΢ԴϵĶʱͫҲ̲סһһģ۾΢Уǽš
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ɨɨԼıԼ޹
ȻҲˣװˣǵУôĺѣĺܡ
Ļ
ǡ
ⰵӣе̫Ц˰


47 
뷨ῴȻˣǲԼղǲСġ
䱻ץסվſٵĲ£СãתͿ˹зۺɫë׵Ķ䡣
ղģ
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۾һվźܸɴİԴҲ˹ȥС¹һ㵥޹۵ףȾŽӲӵӹĿ貣ϲĿ
վĴȻԼöϡ
ϲ
ģò˰
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û޵۾һǴβǣ͵ֻ˼˰ĿɰСñˣ
˿̣ԭȴĴĻֿʼˢȻԲ嶼͸ˡ
໣žǲǣ󰮸ǲǣ
ȻǱԶˣһҪˣ
ԼҵһǱ˵ģΪĬһӣұʾһ㶼ۡ
Ǹ䱯磡Ǯ׼ߣ۹
ԽߵԽŤԭаĻȻ۶ðˡ
һԴϣľܾһĶ壬໽лһɸֵ˵ϢϢžţϢ
ҪҪԴϵĴӳȥ
о޵ϲվŵľȻͺˣ죬˸ڹ޵ϣʵж֤ûϢ
߼ֱҪƿѪ
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ɫ۵ȴ¶ĶȤζ
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һ죡
ֻһ죬վžͰԼˣ
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ѾûѡˣҪôǮǴԸġһʮʣѾһӳ˲ɵģ
תתıܿվţĬĬĺ͹ͨŤ˺ðſڣˣǶһ˵ķϣɲԱǮ
ûǴҵ˻ߣˡ
˵⣬ȫ⣬ֻӵͦ˼ġǷˣֻνҸϵͳСء
ŭɣȴҲұֳȻΪûֳ
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ӷΣԽԽ˶ͶޣֱҪˣǱ벻ԼģôҲԸ⿴Ű׻ûˡ
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˵ţǹ޵עȴûϣ⻰ôôˡ
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ܵӣ߾Լɱ˵ĳ嶯
꣬Ĺӣôô̬
رҪҧվŶʱֱ޿̰
ĹûãѾ̫ȥˡ
ѻɫԽë΢΢һ˫۾ұɫʣбӿߵĿ⣬ײУ
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һЦЦüаȣ·˵ô
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޿֮£ߵֱӾͳ˹ǻûнӽޣվž˳ֽߵ̽˻
ָĦԼĶվŵ˵ģоرĸо඼ֹסļ¶ǿѹߣվſŹޣɻʡ
޸ң
롣
޵һͳգ㶵վš
վŵͷǺӣĶüΣûסָòѯʣҿ𣿡
߽סӴͼ浥վš
žס죡ǰ²£žţİ£һ㶼ԣ뿪Ҳֻа²ſԣ
£
վͻȻ׿۵׶档
˿ֻһָоǾˡ
Ƹˣ
վԴｫڰµһ飬עһ仰ϡ
һ˯һһֱһ
վ۾Ȼһ棺Ҫһֱ˯
޵ͳ͵ЦߣɢڿУ˹ΣͫԶ׼⣬ϲܽᡣ


48 
߿ɾͲˡ
Ȳ˵ҴõһĽصǣҸֵֿʼ٣
ӹ޿۴ߣ֪в
ίίԴû˾ͷ뵱ֻӡ
ۨDD
յˮȫ˳ʵ̲ס˿ޣһʱͽ£Ǽͷһ⡣
ɪģôô˳ġ
ʱ򣬸նͻȻĺУЩãȻĴ򿪡
ֱ֮һѪȫ³˵ɪɪˣȻվſɰıƬŶ
ѵ֪Ŷȫǵ
ǰȺһ·ֽҪҫ£²ñˣ
ʵѾˣΪǼʺУز۶ʲôֱܾӷɹˡ
ǰΪƲǵڿȫǼű
ôɰСţȻ˹ÿĿٽŴǣֱģ
ڵصǡ
˭ܸôοһﱩ͵Ұǡ
վ˵ͻȻֱִֿʼˢ
˯˯˵սǾӮˣϰžţ
ҪսϣսͰѾžųԵģ˯Ҳս˯
֮˯˯
ԣɶҪ˯˲ص㣡
ŴĻһѲ´ˣ߼ֱѪǼʺܿţһȺڽһδȥ˯
ǸƵҲ˵ɶǶԷǸôΣյˣ
һˣͷַȥװǽ
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ֻԼˣǳ׵׵ģվŵﶼǳټΪʲôǾء
һЦϢϣ˲ɨȸУվſǰŴЩƲۡ
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ֵĸоȴˡ
ϵĿٿվЩܿơ
վŽԼĲѧӣĽĶ
Щ᲻÷ſ
˲佩Ӳ£۵˫ս۽ȴЩɫĺԶܿƵĽע˶
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ǹһĨЦ⣬ûֹݡ
վ۵룬սֻҪĴУԼ˯ʱһô޷˯
޵ָܹķ䣬һûһµḧҪжᣬȴ۵׵ĵóѣڹԼҵɵ
Ҫô죡
ͷһͷҲһԴһɣ˵װˣѵùĴĵϾ͵ʱˣ
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ԲۣɶžǱǸΪʲôĺûһС򣡡
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ͷôСͱԤԼˣҸоɭɭĶ⣬ΪʲôҾҲֽ
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ˣ绨ŮɣǸŮӣ
ŮôˣܱЩĹǿ
治ˣȻ˵ǹ򣡻磡бȥԳ֤Ǻ׳
׳ҲҲŮѣ
Ļϳɹ¥վҲɹתߣ˺һ󣬲Ŵӹ޿ӪķΧѹ
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ͻȻվ˵˰ͺٵԭ
ÿһÿһ嶼ɨվޱȼԼ뷨ǳʵ˵Ϊǳòÿ
ñ˺˵ˣ
ԭǴľܾɰȫ˵ǡ
ߵǶһתֱӾͽվŴ˿̵뷨Ҳ˳ɤӣ˵ǲǾúˣǲǾúѹǲǾҪοڣװľžŸ質һ
˶٣߹˵Ϊǳòÿ
˵꣬ǿЦ⣬˴Ļŭˢˣһֺõĺվֹʼ֡
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ҽһ˵Ĺ£ΪʲôᱻоܾأΪ㳤ĲÿΪʲôᱻоܾأΪ㳤Ĳÿ

Ϊ㳤ĺÿ˾û¶ʵҸÿġΪԶһʵҸÿġΪ˺ܾİʵҸÿġ֪һжΪ㳤̫ˡ


49 
һգֱ䰲ĲҪҪģǸ뵱ȻĽվŵᣬǲܷϣǱ˺ĳף
ʲôģ˵˶ᡣ
վ㵽ͣǳĸ۵ĲҪҪģȻأȻʼȺģʽ
ûУûУ
ȻվﵭЦǻˣɰСȫûж⣬ֻΪȽ˼ɡ
ǣΪȫ̲ˡ˼ӣĻֿʼ˿ˢ
žţ˵ݵģ֪ǶһȺУȻҪ˺ǣ
ءҵѾû˵۶
ҪҸѣȥֱ̣
޹һЦԼȫߣʣСžҺÿ𣿡
վŵͷʱͻ̲סʧ񣬡ÿ
ǲ˺òã
á
˵꣬޹۵һ˲Ĺ⣬ɨߣֱӾʹߡ
ôҲԸⰡһߵĿŹޣȻʼޣӴŴŵϣжȴ
ĵ״ĸ߹ޣ쳣߷ߣҴӦ㻹𣡡
˽˾ǺԼôҸֵ˵ȻԼȤζԸ
̫̫ˣأǱƵġ
Ϊõδòˡ
Բ
Ĳʺ뿪Ǹо˺ʱõľǰοҸֵҸֵ
Ĵ𰸣ҲżˣŻеվţȾһһɫϢ
СţΪҳ׸𣿡
Ķʣ΢΢۵Ц⣬޵ͳɤ˿˿Ƶջ֮⣬Ĵö
ˣҾ˵òãʲôԣΪΪʲôءţòã
˵ᣬȴôҶԣĻȫͣĽࡣ
޼ֱһ簡оѪԿգʲôģҾʹ󷢴ȱԭˡ
ʲôԡ
ʲôԣȫ̲סеYYѪĳ嶯
޶ԴСżֱ̫ˣҲҪѣ
ҸоۺݣԴһȺٽźӺŮӣ

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˼䣬޳ٳûжֻһ˫ۿ
վգգۣǰĺ촽Ŵ³ıϢҧסˡ
˾ۣë΢΢аЦ΢ԡ
ǹԱء
͸ˡ
˾ôԵջվžȻûио֮Ĳޣһʵĳˣôȫû֪
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ڻȫȻֻǽеϢϣűܵȥƫִ˳⡣
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վſ۾ӳգ촽ɾɤ¶׸һۣڶૣͷϣƮƮġ

Цú
񻨶ڴ
ڴ

ЦϤ
һʱ벻



һˣû˴ķΧ߳Ļˣվȴҡ㶵ĹޣǳûĿڡ
ϲܶΪΪ𣡡
վɤֱӴһòò˷ܣò˸߲ң
߷ⱲŮĿΪ㡣
ѵˣ
ԺлӦŸղŵĸǣǰѾˣңߺܲûϴ
ֱֻʣһȺȺˢȴˢǣ
ҲίԼֱˣǰڹޣҲûзȨҪҪ͵ŰѸϴȴ޸ݺݾһ£Ȼˡ
񾭲Ѳһ׸趼Ҫռţ
ĬĬֱ俪˸ڹŵ΢ĵԪİԼƬȥĬĬ룬һӰѣӦû°ɣ
ѾˣһŹˡ
Ǽʵ˿ɲŵΨַߣĽʺȥɣ
֮ȫ̹ˡ
Ա߿ôڣü⼸ššƬܸҲ
ֵתתܰŤͷ׼ȥǳ˳飬Ȼʲôˣʲôӵıķˣ
ǼƬôŶеҪԼ͵ĵģȻվſɰţеҲ̶á
۾һߵСɤĬĬ˵СžôɰȺǾȻ˵󡭡桭
ʲô
߼гŭĵŶۡ
һһţôɰôϲȻ˲ͣ


50 
ЩҲ̶õƬٴμгֱֵӾͶԴϣǳֱǷŭ˼㡣
ҼҾžôɰ㾹Ȼճֹӣ𣡾Ȼֹ˿̫ˣ̫ˣֱǺҼҾžŵ󣡡
ЩﶼصߵļУʵ̲ס˿۶䣬޹˵Ҫֲҡ
Ҳֶ⺦ҼҾžţƬ𣬺ߣкܶ࣡ǳ࣡
߱˵߷ĸƬվ˯ŵӶС
ÿһŽǶȶܾ׼վŵеŴ󣬾ڹŵǷǳĺÿ˵ЩûˮƽǼˣǻӵ顣
Щɵˣû뵽ڻÿͼƬ
ԭΪӳ֣ΪϾһʮȹۿЦ򱯣ͬȴ룬򵥵ͼƬŸӵˣֱˡ
ߣɵ˰ɣ޴࣡ﶮҼ޵ò
ߺòԴ۶쿴ˡȻԲñ˵
߷ڴʱֱӾͷ˹ȥֵɰɣһŴŴֱĿһɫ
ѽôôÿˤôȣ
ȻҲˣֻǾúЦҲǳЦ˳ǷˣվźܶʱǴģˤʲôļֱǼҳ㷹
θݶܰԼγǸǱ
ֱӾ͵˹һ
޹ʼ硣
վ㶵ģƨԲԲĴβһһģɰĲˡ
û뵽ֻȻֱӾԵ˵ϣǷӦ죬žͰˤˣɲãǺܰϧġ
ܰԼΪֶģɹԭɾŪС
ãȻ֡
޵ֹǽڷЩ̬͸Уվźϲãﶼܺÿ
վſ˺һ֮󣬻̧֣СֺС΢ţֻռƵһС֡
ƺϣ޾ͽȫס΢΢Ͱָ̧𣬲˲ҵЦϴ͵Ц⣬۵״ǳǳݡ
Сźܰˤӡ
һ̫Ӧ塣
ϵ¶ȺĴԶУȻӦͳٶ˺ܶ࣬ʵ˵̹Ȼ
β΢ѻɫĽë΢һŵ˼
𡭡
ɨߣĵ˼
ʵֵĺ֣վûΣԣҲģƷǺݡ
ֻû뵽߾Ȼǵıķˣ룬ڣȻҲǵǼˡ
帽
˼ء
󶨵ʱһ˲飬ģ֮ǰ׾ʲôأ
ԽԽˡ
ǷǳȵС򣬹ָ͹ɵĲأ˷ܣֻģԽһռԺȫ磬ģӡȫġ
򴽽ǣЩܵĸоͫ΢ɫƣǰվš
ֱǿƵβʱûסԥһ£


վԴϺ˵ģ۾ʱʱżɨͷ̲ס˿ĭңȫͣ
оÿʰ
󿴵վǼƣԾҪǿǹˣĿ¼ȻСһ˵˵
Ͻİĵ㣬Сžһһ̲סֱӰѹѹͿԷȥͲõǮˣһˣû㣡
ߵĶȻϽԴϣʼһգգĿ
˳ǣΪЩӣҲˣڶķ۸ˡ
룬ܴ󷽵ַ˼ţ룬һӰȥȡվųԶӡ
ԹԵţб۾ģëգһģӱùĹĵģǳרעĳŶ˶θڴ󷢡
תһЦ۽䣬ǿɰ
ϧġ
ڿը˵ŶƵͻȻҲеһԱϾֻиɿҿˣ񾭲
ʲôˣ
ǻˢˢøʲôģÿ쿴Ⱥ۵ĺǿˣ
ǣװǿǰɵ㶵ĿɶѾֱֳˣ
ֱֳԭ򣬵ȻǱƵİϾǸվŶ򲻹СȺÿǼеսħǣȻĸ򲻹
һ뷨Ⱥ˿ʲôʽа˽˽⣬ʱһһ̲סվأ˵һСɰϲˣһᷢɣ
ŶǺǺǣֻҪ룬ͿĵĲ˰


51 
ߺһС
վԴϵĶһһڵģ۾ôţ˫ַϣûж
΢΢ָĶʻڲϵļƺڷ𣬹Ķ࣬վ˲ȴûжֻҧŴš
ɳƵɤŵЦ⣬޲ĿɳƵɤŵЦ⣬СңҾáҡ
վҡͷͬͣ㣬㡣
۵ףЩаȣ΢ǵĻЩˣòˣǺѯʣŶǡ
ϣסЩСŤǰ壬ëٵգ۽ЩԵĺ
վűմԺдӰ
ʼʣָ򦴩סĺԣҲʼʵ롣
վ̫ڹ˶
ٵĺ޺ԽԽأ۾ҲʼƴķĿס
У޷԰εĸо
ŶŶŶž䣡
ſЦȻһϯ컡
޾ѣǿƵס°ֹͣĶȾžĴ۵ȫǺ΢΢Ϣվţҧҧĵ׺ܺ޵ġ
ǺðСѧĿ죡
ȻȨ
ֱǡ
Խ۽Խ죬Ŷ䣬ȾɫòаȣվֱӴͫ׶ǹ޵Ӱӡ
ŭĿ۷վţתһ뿪
بDD
޴ĹվԴϵĶȻ𣬴۾ҲҰ죬վŻЩδĸо
ֱӷٳ嵽վǰ۾ֱӸվһǴĿޣžźģһҪԳԵģ
ţһŬġ
վ۾Цˡ
߽Ẓ̌վžĵͷ
ôչô֣ԭгǹЦݣ붼ЩͷƤ顣
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վĺ룬ѲɺߵԼˣ
źĹޡ
ϸͿβЩȾ죬ԭ;˫գΪǳǳɫЩ˵аȡ
ûס߲ܿƵȥ
գҧҧŭٿҾͰ۾ڵ
תҲˣһŪĵĹǺˣסЦ⣬ɤӡ
Ǹްҽʲô㿴ɫҲˣҺûؼˡ
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ⲻܿƵ˹ޣ׵ĴǵĻȫ䲻£۵׶ֻ
ΪվĬĬ˸ޣǺģһοŤĹޣǱ۸Сϱһ̫Цˡ
Ǽʮ֮󣬴˶ܲסįĿǼǧ궼ûҲֻҪ󣬶ʮԺҪӣûҪҸʲôļֱżʡ
ȦԸء
ȴƫƫǸֻ˵ŻǼʣǸڵ࣬ȴƫƫЩ޸Ĺ˻Ҫοһ츳ֱѹ˵Ĵڡ
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ǸŮ⡭
뵽۵׺Ĺһ֮ʧҡҡͷǿԼѹ
ȻΪǸŮˣ޶ΧƵŮ˲мһˣ۶ûԭΪһֱȥȴ룬Щ⡭
ڵҲǸϲԭΪԶһˣȴ뻹סˡ
񾭲̳ȺֶĮֻŮǰͺ̵ϣȴǸ崿СУȻҲᱻһξֱӺߵӿˡ
վţ¶ɵɵģȴǸٷֵСѾͷŹ޵ʱ˫۾ͺƵãȡ
˵Ͽˡ
ǸŮҲǱ䣬ֻЩѣǣ޶վſء
ڴԺء
޻˻ߵĴ΢ָһһµεķϣСȴ˳Ի
ѣԾҲ˸ôţЩӵģ֪ΪʲôЩ顣
ްûµĻߡ
û˵꣬ѿڶ
屻һֲﹴţϵ˦˦ȥ£;ĸƢȫ³
쵰
ÿζһУС˦ˣѵ;Ͳӷ
˦Ĳˣŵĳգ⻺Ļζţ໽лЦںҹڣȴΣ
á
βһĺЩڣвٸЩеûãҾͰ㻻߶ȡ
о£ŻϽҷңҡŻ
ֱӰ˳ȥϰԵķأһĳϴּ䡣
ڽվű̽Դ޿΢΢˹ָվ۾һƨƨߵĹȥˡ
ҧ
ղһͨǰ׽ˣ


52 
ɨռߣһ΢΢ģгϢһ£ʵûǸӣֱӾܳȥˡ
ȥ󣡡
һߺȺʧ١
վԺģվڹǰŸղ߶Լ˵ĻСץס֣ģŸɾȴµС˵
ޣһḺεģһŬġ
޵ЩӲϵͻͻģȻûֳ̫ȴҪ˵ĳ嶯
С׾ٵİԼĸй٣ƿȨˣھȻ˵ֻĲ
뵽Լĳԣ޵βЩɫ
ģȫû취ء
ǰվűڻֹԼȴĵ׶˵ߣʱǿԺúý¡СŵĽ⡭ôţ
ţ
СβֱˣҪҪġ
ɵڽղ˵˺ܶ࣬Ǿû˵һ䣡֪룡
֮˵Ҳϵģԣ޹ģ
л㱵Ŀϣʾ¹޿նˡ
üվűȻµϢ
ʱ򣬹۵˲ܿ죬ӿվŵĶ򣬴ͬʱĳһÿһµĸϸĺ󾱡
òŴǳǳвȣ˵СţҪȥ죬첻׼뿪𣿡
վžЩɰСϿʼȾ۾ϵգգΪ˵ĺᣬһûסָȥ
ޱܰʣȴ룬̲סĦ˼¡
òʧɫͿʼ֣۵Щգſڿֵһۣαץסվŵ֡
ЩεСţ˵Ļ𣿡
վŲָץԴϵĶ䴹ţĽëţߣǣȴǿԸоľɥͺ¡
һᣬվʵſڣأ˵ǲҲ붪ң
Ҳ
򴽣ָ°ͣü۽ǹС˶߿ǿˮ飬һŸȥ
ǲôվŻ̲סޡ
򴽣ЩǿƣвɣкҪȥҪԡ
¡
վҧŴɵĵͷû˵ܿǿ˹ޣֱ˳ȥ
޵üĸˡ
۵վŴܳȥúüתŹޣĵ˵СѾͷӺİôǲ湻ˣ
۾˳ವ˵Ȼ
Ҫ湻ˣչջؼСѾͷôɰÿ쿴Ҳİһ
һۣȻûӦֱ
ɫ˲ְƵЩˣֱ췴
Ѿ񾭲ſСүΪҲ㣬ϴСүַӾʹ
Ŷ
˵⣬ȴģŹЦͷƤ飬Ƥˡ
ΣǿܣЦǺǺǺǡǸޣǵҪȥǰɣȽҪ
بDD
һ죬أǰڿĹޣȥ
Ǻһ𳤴ԾԲԭģ
ƣø죬ô˹ƫƫˣôأ
ЦЦĿ۵ϸϸа⣬ɫĴаſͬģҵġ
޵Ҳ˵˵𣡡
ָĦ޹ŵĿαϣ˵˵Ҳԡ
ҿװʲôʱ򣬲˵뿪죬СѾͷֱӾ͸ˣǵ˺ˡ
߳£ʱ
Ҽǵãҹһ׳
ôһ˵߶ˣЩ޷ĹУǵļһųڡ
㲻ڼɣѾˣ㲻ܰɣңǸõģ
˵ţһȴ͵͵ĿʼŹڣôҲҪ֪ʲô
УûжȤζ𣡾Ȼ뵽
ǿԵ豸
۶סŷǳĹ壬֮ǰЩֵֹĳΪһûã˽ϣ˵֮Ҳ˺ܶ
֮Ϊ˾ȫͳΰĴڡ
ƳĻķΧԷǳǿƵķΧ֮ⶼ޷ܵʶľƣΪԲ;á
򶫣㻹治
Ȼ
͹ͬ뷨˻кܶࡣ
ϾȤζ˶Ķ࣡ǣǾܾģ
ɨɨǱ仯̲סµβ޹㲻˵̫ᱻߣΪã
˵ôһˣ


53 
Ϊ˵Ҿ͸վǵֲɵĺøжа
а
ĶִĸоǹУֱӴͷһֱܵ˴ԣȻ嶼ʼ䡣
˪˫ֱֱĶͻȻβͫڻԸˣ޴΢ǳ̾Ϣš
šУҲңǱξͷ
˫۶ˣֺ޳ܲҪĻҲ˵ˣ
۲΢һ㣬ƶ顣
ѵ˵СŻСҿ᲻˺ҡңҲֻôˣϾôɰĲ𣿡
ҪҪָͲȥˡ
ڼ𣿡
˭Ѿһ񾭲
һӵɣ
ֱֲ̫ˣ
رǣջԸеӣЩмܲסˣ
ȡĻǲҪˣ
˵ǲǼˣ
ɫͻ䣬ܲ۵׵Ĺôô졣
Ѿ񾭲ŻᡭɱǧģСүزĴ
û˵꣬ɹֱͻȻã±ԭӰ
Żɿң
ȫûӦɹָҡҡȥ۵״ŨȤȻ
ʣʣʣļˣ
بDD
ٴأѾ˵ֻֿתòܰ
񾭲
üģ棬ֲȺһҪȥ񣬾ǲԸȫ⣡
޵ԸֱԽԽ죡
Ӧ
һЦָԼĺᣬ۾΢Уڻʲôأ˵Ľ
֪㼵ң˵ô顣
޲ѪǱƵģ
ƫƫӣһֳգһǵĻţ󣬹˹ָ⣬ҡ
鲻ԸĴԼĿռȡôժֽ֮ȫժ
һվ֪ˣҪһӣ
СѾͷǷǳļǳ𰡡
ʱӦǰȫİɣ
˵׼
̲ס˳ǣôùĶʲô
ж֮󣬹ϸãҡҡоµ۵һĨܿ챻棬ָ΢΢Ħš
ϲԲԣ
ĬĬ룬ϲż˭Ѿϲֶ
ͱˡ
ϲǳϲ͵Ķһǳϲ˵֮ʼϰԵС£˵˶ûˣͲȥˣϲɶϲ
Ȼһݣٽ˽磬ͬʱ̽վţֱ԰еһǷ޾ɵС˶ŷġ
û˸ղһŵĿֻţĦ˼е˵ȥŷɴ֪ͨǣ賿ڵ۶ϡ
ͷȻ뿪
վĵطԼʱ򣬹ԼĵطΧĻ֦Ҷ»ָʢ
ǾޱŴشأŷ磬硣
붪ҡ
˺þ֮վڣ˫Żߣʹš
ε߿ҲܲסﰡԼģΪһֻϵͳһҪο
һܲġ
һǲˡ
վŵԽԽԣڿʼӰҸֵˣˣʲôģĲҪ
֮ĸϣǻ˼ͰסĴģҲҷ
Сȭͷ˵ڣȻ̲סʼԲֻҪһ뵽վѹ޵ӣϵͳʼĲ
ڴڴ
Ȼ󣬲׵߰Ϊն񼼽̸վţȻЩǴվŴȡġ
ǾҪʧǣҪһֻƵֽ
վһֱǸԱرǺ͹մߣȻǻѧãһᷢӵ£
ȫ֪ԼĽ飬츣˹޵δ׳ԼٶһԶŵġ
ϵͳԷĪ
˵꣬վŰ˫˲Ҳ貶ĿС˵ģһڣ۵ǴŤĿܡ
ϣϣĴģ
ھȥھȥ
߼֧Լ
תһһϵͳֱµˣǶûз֣ˡ
߸Ͻӣת˵ղŵĻ˰ɣװ
ϣϴǳЦ⣬΢ʢǾޱ
ĿҲվŵֲסջ
վɵ㶵˹ȥ˵ǸҳԵ𣿡
ףеݹȥȻ˫չվŹɵǰȻͱޱ˻ߵֿ˹ޱ룬Ķӡ
ŹޣվŴԴԵ棬鶯Ĺȴ۾תתȥβͶĻȥ
ëٵգţżΪܵޡ
޹С˼ָĻĲӣĸоվʵۡ
۵żļɫʡ
վû취ܾء
ôĺӡ
֪ǲʲôȤ˼ء


54 
޵°͵ļϣ΢΢˵СŲˣ
վԭԵĿģ˵ͻȻסˣζСȣ߿ɰ죬ɤŽ
ߣ
޿϶ȥö䣬۵Цⲻֹƺֽʲô˼£ңСѧҲܿ죬ֻǹȻ̫˵㣬ʲôдء
۵׵⣬ŶˣҪôɰСŵǸأ
öǸ֣Ȼһ˫۾ĿŹޣεֱۣ󣬡ҪҰһòã˼𡫡

ţ
޽ķ䣬ֹԼҪߵЦ⣬˼ң߹Ȼ˼Ķ
ǺϲС
΢΢ȵϢ޺ͫ΢Уįɤ𣬡Сǲǲϲˣ
վŷӦ˺һŷӦϲҪͻ
վŽָɵ㶵˵ʵԶ͵߼ֱѪ
Ȼѧϰǿʵ£
ɶɣȻҲȣôô
޵ȻɨʵԴ߶˼ļж١
޵Ǻ𰸣̲סֿ֣⼸οƲסļ󶼱ǿˡ
īռԣɤȴΣìȴϡ
ҰҾͻ᲻ġ
Ҳˡ
ǲǲϲˣ򴽣˵˵ϲҲŰҵġ
վŵԴֱԺˣüͷţ˺ð˵ϲ㰡
㶼ˡ
վųɹĵˡ
ԭĴԴȡһЩõĶûüף޾ͳˣڰɵ״̬ٱһƣԴˡ
е
ҧгݵĵŹޣǳ˧ÿβɫվûҴˣ
ɣ
վ̲סԼֵĶ䣬ԺĲۣҪô
ôſһ˵ģֿԿĵġ
ãȻЩͲ֪룬Կʼٴ߸ϡ
ߺúվŴ۾ͻȻһȻתסԴĲɤϻŽɤǻһɿˡ
ޡ˼Ҿһ𣬲ֿҸһòãƵС˼һůϡ
ĩˣƺƤ˱ۣ޽ʵʵ˸ۡ
ޡޡᡫšįա
彩Ӳ˫۲£ɫЦݶЩҲס
˵뻰ͬʱվžȻͷ˵¶ȣĲһֱ쵽˶Ķ京
ʵʵڵĹ
ɤֱĵ¶ȡ
Ҫ
޲ûס
ߵĶģ֪׼ûһ߰͵ֺǺǵ롣
޴࣬ݵĴ֮°ɣ
ޱ壬ϢЩȣµǲϼ۽ǵɫ˻٣ŽëĲʢ
һһ˵ıţǴһ˿ȻϺϼΣһ仰û˵
վԴָ̧ĦĴĿҧ´Щɬ˵ޣҿ𣿡
ӲĴߣȣɸƿվžͲˣֱס°ͣԵˣޣ㣬Ҫһش𣡡
ɫ죬ǱˣĵȴΪǰĥ˵վţŭ
ߣһ֮ǰܽСŽã͵ʬɣ
ϲֵڲԶ˷ɣ˸壬ʲôֱӾ͸˻ȥ
ʱˡ
Цɤű˪쳣ˣ˵̫磬ӡ
һ飬ѣҪ£ɥԼҸֵ߾Լߵϵͳ
û˵Ǳˣ۸
ίίڽ߿˵ռ𣡡
ɭɭĿڣͽϷˣ
Ŷ
ٶӺСβֱҪ̫
ɲվţĳѾģٷְҽݷˣֻҪķ룬ȥȻٷ֮ʮŵݶ˵ڵģ
ԭǵҼ˱˹ܰ
һ仰͵¹ްӡ
ǰЩȲСȻβһ΢΢˫ŴվһЩߡ
վ۾һֱӾ˹ޡ
վſЦͿԼԴĲ䣬Сһ쳣Ĺɡ
ʱߣǵЦѾᣬȴͷ鳰㿴ˣҲҪģҿɲ㣬޴ڸС
Բۣ㲻ε̣м
ܲܺúùˣ


55 
һѪ꣬αװ
͸֣Ҫҵ̫ˣ
һǿǿݳı飬˭ģ

ǣģң
Ϊ˲ӣԵѾעˡ
Ӻ߾ͼгˣˣ
ʲôȻһǸж
ǿ벻ֱ̣Ӿͷ˹ȥ˵ޣſҼҾžţ
վŻţǳɵɹ޸ţ߹ʱֱӾͰ˻첻˵׼ң
ץ
ӣҲҪ취Զ
̫Σˣѵվʲô뷨߿Źޣǵ⣬û취˲ϢȻЩı̬Ⱥá
Ȼ𣬵ҲǹһԱһЩʲôȺãֱֲ̫ˣ
Σշӣ
޴˿Ҳˣ֮ʧ֮󣬹ǵЦЩ죬վŵļͷߺòƵͷ˵
ӣңҾͰԵϡ˱ҳԣǳ۳ʣţ
еİɤа߱ɪ¡
Բۣв
޿ֻ̣ĵ׶໽л
޳үģүģɱ㣡㾹Ȼ۸ҼҴ
û취ѡһը棡
һЦ۵ס
˵һΣҵģʲôʲôٵңҾԲŹ㡣
ָ΢΢Ħ˼¹ϵ̲סգ˼£ҡöЦаȡ
ë˲޵סƫִƿĵ׼
ߵ⼸죬׼ֱ׼Ǽ봩Ҹ׼·Ҹ׼ʳ˯ҵĴϣУҸͨѶʱҪӣһ롭ͻӡ
Ѿ̬Լ˵ȥ
ߣ˵ˣһͻ
ôƻءϣС𣿡
һ仹ᣬһͱòѪ
߱ⷭɱĻסˣðŲ˵žֲǳұӣžҲʬˣ
˭ҵģʬ壬һϲҿΪΪ
ίˣԲ
޿ǰԼСǵЦἫˣŵ滨һ㣬ᣬ˵⻰
αӵӣȫȥܷ£ĵ໽У̬
ŶҪҶЩ̬𣬱硭
ұһЦ޵ֻƹȣҴнһĴ㡣
ߵЩŲȥֵȥЭˡ
ҴӦ㻹𣡾žŻСôµȥ죡˵һ߾ֱЦ˳۹
ĵĬĬԼ˸ޡ
ȻǸҲб±°
ڹ޸ȵǣվ۾;ģֱӾͰ·
Ӳ䣬˫۾ͽ̾ιţָ⻹ʵı۽ɫֿʼš
޻˶ʮ꣬Ǽʣִ㷨Ҳʮ꣬Ϊ⣬û˽Ӵ˵Ůˡ
ȻһŮ˳赽Ǽ˲֪
վǲͬġ
ҪռУҪռУһһ˷Ҫ壬Ϊһ֡
ƫƫվǸû߳ģҲûһֵģʱʱ̿òαǣƣܶʱе̲ס嶯
ǡԽԽǷء
ȫء
۵׵ĹԽԽˣָⲻܿƵĴķϵϡ
еϵĽţ糢һζˣıǣűȽϰİ
վźܿĵζЦţ۵˻һ촽ţ˵ޣҾ֪ˡ
΢޵ֻ䵽ʣһЦͳɤĳ磬СŹԹԵڼҵҺòãֻ뿪죬СŲᶪһܵԲԣ
վǹɵͷһġ
̧ƣԴȻָһ·£Ĵǣ۵ǵЦ¡
ȥϢһᣬСҪһ
ûȹ˵꣬վžͿĵıֱ˵ҲҪ˯һ˯
ǹŮ
򴽰꣬۵Ż⣬ܿٿ뿪ʧʱͻȻߣв
ס˵Ļ
ȻһȻʼӷεԺȥԷйƣ
ղžȻˣȻᵽ˼ˣȻǸֵиˣ
ȥɣ
ϵͳҪճάһϵͳң˻þ
ҪϢ
Ϣ


56 

վʵʵڱ۾ϵ˸ţϰŵϾƺʧ䡣
ղš
ֱܾˣ
ԭվ͹һϴţǱľܾˣұӽԡǿϴ˩ţȵĴڴϣ
̣վŶԹͿɡ
Ƿʲôģվջһӣ˴ˡ
վŹԹԵı˴ϣ˹Ա
ΪѾ׵ĺˣе顣
ס󣬹ֱӾȥԡˣܾöûֻϤϤʵˮ
վԴɵĲˣֻȴûͣ£Ӷ
Ϊܳɹһϴ裬֮ԶΪΪһҪȴЩӡ
ЩǾģһղϣҲҲջٵԭ

Ҳеǿ
̫˵㣬Ҫӽͻˣ޶򲻹ôһ˺ޣ˱ô졣
ϲľͿᡣ
ǣǰҪûأ
ԽԽ꣬ȻħС
վƯ۾ֻ֣Ҫ뵽һΪ˵ģ;ܣĵױ壬ԷйĲѹʡ
վŵĽëϵĲָоء
վ۵׵ǽŨû
ɰͻȻ̬ŤЦݣ۾ϵ˸վԪرǿϵɻңһȴûյκζ
˻㣬վֱӳԡҡ
ӿ˲䣬޾Ͳˣֻûȥ󱳾ͱһȵӵס˫ཻǰ
վŵָСļͷƫִĶ
ЩƵɤ˿͵ĳ
ޣҲ˰ߣһܺõģǳãҪҶ㣬ʲô㣬ȫ㣬ģҶɱϡҪһ㡫
վŵĻ쳣ԵӵЦЩ죬ȴƫƫ˵ĺݣرռʮ㵽̬ĻùЦ޷ڸǡ
𡭡
Ŀڣ޲΢΢ſϢƤ£˫ֱ۲ֽ˼֡
ֻҪңҾͻŶ
Ŵյģ˵Ļȴǳƫִ
ָӹ޵ĺʹĸоһţȴṴаһЦСϣʲô

վŴһ£ſıϡ
ͷϵĻδͣˮϵţ޵ĺڷˮ࣬;µ͸ˮȾЩֵĻɫ
޽ë΢΢Ĳţ滹ˮ飬գģɫĴ΢ţЩ˵ԸС
վžÿڸ
±ʵ壬վŴЩհף˵˱ϣ¡
ף
۽һɫаɫֱ̧ۣĦ˼ԼֱۣտڣСŲ棬ô㣿ţ
ͳɤˮģվŸо඼ģɵ㶵ǰ۵ĽС建ĳ۶ɬ
һֱۣ޽ëٵĲţպ
ǱƻһվǰĻССһţ˳
޽ڻḧϣ̲ס΢
۾ãĿһַ̧ԼϣӲһ·ؿڣǿӲĳַԼؿദ
ڲȴϲš
վ㶵Ŀ֣ĿԼգϵĲţվͫ޷ƵĿܣ૵ǵĸоһϲϲ
ȻȻڰϢʼɢռȫ
˭
֮⣬ʲô˶ʲô
ģ
ֻҪ뵽˸ѹƲסͷı壡
Ȼ
ǵĻ۵ȫɭɭ̧һֻ֣Ĳӣ
ǡ
ֱɱأǳζء
ڹ޵סӵʱߵļͻȻԺ
ޣЩתעڵ״̬ԣ
֪վź͹һ𣬵ɵϴξǵ㱻Ǻˣָҽȥ
ֺܵģվڵĸܸߣֵӦ뵽˹ȥˡ
߽ԡȥǹҸֵ⣬ǣվŰ
Լ˲䣬ͶĿͻ̿֡
ЩӰһ㡭
Խ֪Խۺ͵ǣ޷ı䡣
ü
Ĭ
ʱ仺ʣվŵ״̬ԽԽ
޾ĿһֹĻ̿״̬һЦһɪίĿޣϱݾȴȾŲ̬Ŀܡ
޵屻ţҪǶ塣
߿켱ˣﲻϵš
޵޶ԺĪ⣬˼ֹ죬ԴվţҲֻһʱĺ棬վȷʵϲ
Ϊʲô֮ӰվŵģЩ䣬ǹˣ
޵Ĵڸиߣ
Ϊ
һûиġĶ顭
ҧҧ˵ѣ֮ҸͣһģžŲܳ⣡
޳ۣа۵ƣ˵ұȴǱһ顣
ֱסվŵ°ָͣĦֱһƬûֹͣɫıűɫ˻ȣֻɳƵɤŨĺ
ҲĶԣʲôʸ̸


57 
߼תɴֱӳ˽ȥɵǰָ˵ôôĮ
Į
аһЦ˫۽ŲϾվţȫԼЦһûݴDˣһûбĸߵϵͳôǣ
߼гЩһ֮ͣ
վ۾ѾͨˣնƫִƴҪޣǹ޾ǳȫ޶ԡ

̲ס˺ð˵žŵѡģ
Ȼ̧ڵȫ޹ɭɭ
£һż͡
žŵľԹŵȻķǳϲ㣡㵱ȫ㲻ţҿ԰ݹȥ֪Ҹֵʱȥ̽žŵϢ㿴
žűͿˣڵ¾Ե£㲻Ǹ̬Ǹĵˣ
˵ţ߽֪ƬһԴĴԡ
ȫƹˤԲڵϴ
õľžţ˾ȻĻΧˣ
ˣ
޵ĴԱϢӰ룬ЩӲԼЩ΢΢Ĳ
õĳĬ󣬹俪ڣŰԹˣ
գߵֱӱɢԡ⡣
ˣȻ
뵽űôĻ߾;ܼˣôô̵ĶԴžţ
Բ޿ŵϣӶﲻϵءžţҶԲ㡭
Ϊϵͳѡȡܹ
˿̵ԡƺЩ
ޱָ۽ǣȥɿ˶ǯƺͽ
ɿ˲䣬վžͽסһҧ
˻DDҧƵĴǣ۵׳סվŵ°ͣ۵ɺ죬ҧ޺޵վţǴ˺㣡
Щļŵȫǲֵľͷ
þߣһһ޴ࡣ
С
ÿԼĻ档
һ첹ߣ飬ȫûһõطżޣһƬƬһȫûΡ
ȻƽĿţ첹ߣһ㳶ûͣЪ
ĸоŻ顣
ʵңɱĵһ˾µߡ
еӣҲǸ޴ೢ˱߷ϵĸо
ֻǵ׻̫СˣôֻĶӸأôأӦðгһƬƬȻСŲµء
ĴǣԼһ̵ĸоˣġ
󿴵
Ȼ壬ǿںɫµһòȥ
ǣ޷ǵƫִۡ
޵ҵɪ޷ݴ˿̵˷ܣ˷ܵʲô
վǾԵĴڣá
ĩǰδ뿪ǸСʵңҲˣ˶ˡ
ĩҲûкκ˽ӴԶԶĶܣǿнӴɱ֡
Ŀܣء
ңСܹɵĻ˾壬ֻ塣
ǹŮ
һֱֻȥͺ˷ء
ϵŴǣ۵׾ǲ̬ұɫ
ſն˫۵վţҧĴֱζڿӳ
˫ֻԼϢЩ˵ĺۼڵܿ죬۵ǻ𽥽
иϵĽš
ԼΪܰѵļǺŰɣ
֪ǶôĿģ
ռȫ

޵ĿվŸоȫ궯ѹƣȫʵĸоԺ䣬վŲϵᴭţ۾ĿնʧȾʵӡ
վĹϣ۵׵ĹЩİղţƺ̫ڹȥˣȫ޷һ˲Ŀ־壬ĩ궼δ
ĿŹޣȻҪأеĲΪΪԼԺúõģһҪþ취ҲΪԼһ֡
׵Ȼɫʽɢȥ۾գգǽɫǹһССΣջȡ
ȻϲԼڵӣʲôӺˣȻһ㽫̳븹
Ҫƽء
ģҪȫ
ĵ׿϶Լ뷨վž׷ǳƽ
ʧЦС֣վÿÿ붼ڱ仯ѾʼϢˡ
ڴ󡱵һ죬һڸӵˡ
վ˹ޣɻĿϣȻ󳤾õ£ԥԥ˵ޣôˣҺ֪Ϊʲô
š
ɳƵɤ³۵ȾſƵ͡
ӣҧֱǿסգסֱ֣ۻסǺ
Ϣڿ﷢͡


58 
վ˵궯ֻӿޣΪˮԭ򣬻һ£ֹԵ˸֧ŵ㡣
һƺߣ޵彩Ӳס΢΢ǰһãȻվţҧСţ
Сÿζصʱ飡
վŹӦ𣬡ϣ
ϣȥ˯
˵꣬޺Ŵһֱ¶ûվš
վŶűһԣһ˫۾ĶŰԼΧסĹޣɻ󲻽Ϊʲôˣ
޲ۡ
վ۾ľһȻǹһĻȣ־ıӣ˵һŪˣҸ㴵Ͳˡ
۽ǿʼΣС˵ʲô
ϵıӣްۣ˯
վգգۣһ˹ȥ˴һѹ˹޵ϣ˫ıţСЦӯӯģţɴ
ѽޡ˼Ұ㴵𡫡
ģס֣
ҪҰ㴵ͺˡ
վţˣ
ҵȻ֪˰ҿˣŪ˾Ҫ
ŴСɤ˵ĺòȻվŵ˼֣ҧֱȡӣǻûд߷ܣӾͱվŵĻԪȼմ
޵ֱӾͺˣ㶯ѹƫƫվŵֽʵʵİϡ
üģΣĵȴǺѹѹ
˫ȥСˣ粻ЩھȻ֪ô޶ȵĻ
ȻԼŮѹˣ
ԽԽɱô졭
£Լ侲ɤ̾ϢСţҲԲôұ˯òãϢһᣬȻЩߣһۡ
վ۾תתһòҪһӡ
޺ò侲Լʼ鶯ҧǿڣá
վſˣֱӾ˽ȥ޵ʵʵıڻ̾ιţһܣڼСצӻֵȥ
޼ѵĳ߻ȵ壬ϢǺڳģͷ͵˵Ҫʲô˵
ߣ߰ŤͷԼˡ
ӺߵֹΪ޾ȻڿٵҸֵ
Ѿ궿ӵҸֵߵסˡ
òΪҸ˵㣬ַû˴룡ǲ֪ʲôһ£½ô찡
Դߺߵ˵˵ҲûãҸⶫûУ
򴽣ɴֱԼȥ˹
߸оˣܸоڵǱŰ
ԼϵͳԼõʱ򣬱֪ˡ
ӹģ
޿꣬ڵȻֻҪСйؾͿԲҸֵֻҪȡԴȻټӹͿˡķϣҰ㡣
Сң
߾óһܻǿԵģ˵Ҳɲ
Ұ
ƾʲôξͲˣҪʲôҪ󣡡
ЦɤˣȴЩɭɭĺ⣬ƫִԵȻҵģֻҪңֻҪ˵ֻҪҳ衣
Ļߴ˸죺Ȩ壡
ЦҸˣ
ƲƲ죬ԴһԣԼֿʼ̲סܡ
۸ңһĶӱʸ߾žţ㲻ƭǸαװһᱻģҷģ
ĵɤЩЦȫġ
Ҳˣȥϻһԣ
ҧǸ˵Ҫǳ׼վΪĵ⣡ҪǸ˵Ʊ
ǿϵͳǹˣûȨѾȫƲס
أԾֱӿֹ˾ṩԴʣµҽ
ߵĶȻ˼ˣǻ̲ס
Ϊ˵Ϳҿǲˣֹ˾ǳѣ˷ǳ࣬ҪʽǮȨеطΪʲô˶Ե𣿺ߣ˵ˣͱϵͳĸߵԣҸɵӶŲ
һΪ̹֮ˡߣ۸
޳Ĭ£ɤЩɳƺʱҪ˯ȥһ
ŶȻô࣬ҾͲˡ
ֱ±ˣ鷢չ̫԰ղŲĵ쳣ԵǿƵҪ𣡲˵˼õֱӾܾ
û⣡
ǹİٳû˷Ӧ
ֵȥҪȥĸоֱɢ壬ϾҪѴڿҪð
ӺЭˣҪİİΪһֻϵͳôԷ
ûҸֵɰվŴĻΪһֻʬ尡ء
վźԼʱ򣬾岨ܴڶҪĵ;ں϶ȡ
˵
վŻΪűӡ


59 
ֱӴʱգЯıǳɵ˺ȻԶ
վŴδѾǼޣԤѾĴֻά
صǣվŵľһ뿪壬һξңңڡԲ㣬һѰǡ
һԺ󡭡
Ǻǡ
˵һˣһ꣬ÿʲôûеգ˶裬οվѾģ
ʱ˵츣ˣϴݻѾˣ
ŤĴԷַ簡
ôôֲ·
ҲûԣûϢĵǸˡ
ŷţͷ˵ˡҴ˻ι
ֹȥˣûᣬߵСצӷڷӰӣĵ궯
޲ʲôɣ
ȥȥ
߾ìܼˡ
ͻȻѹֵİƴɤ𣬡˵ĻסˣҾͰ㡣
ŨDD߱ͻȻסˣ˺һ˵ղҪģΪôԷڣ
޵ЦĴ֣ʮֵᣬЩɫֻȴȶ˺ܶࡣ
šӣ֤ԼǸء
DD޳
ֵɰɣΪ֮⡣У̫ˣû취Ը
ҧҧ˵ǲܷڣȻҸ߾žĿ
ЦµɤģƸղţƬ̾ͻָһ
ȻֻСͽ
߼ֱŻһѪΪ
û߷Ц£һΣĲ˼飬ͬëļ⣬ġ
չ˺һС
˵˺֪ܶ࣬ɤƭ˵ģǻ̲סˡ
ĳĹˡ
վʱɫ΢û˹޵Ӱӡ
ÿһκ͹һʱֻͻȫɣĵ׶͸ͰģһľĶʧˣ뿪ˣ֪
ɵ㶵ڴߣվ޾ɵģָĦ·۵ųѵ죬ʧ䣬Լ۵׳İ
ߣįЩġ
ߵʱʵ֪ģΪֽ˲٣һš
Ҳ֪һֹĲһǿϢ嶼Ƭ̵ĲȶЩɢȥ
Ѳʲô

ûбӣ߾ֿʼҸֵ
վίӲҪǮһ£̽ίĴ
ءˣߣˡˣֻûңΪʲôˡ
ߵţ˵ˣһ˫ΣžţɿңҸ
ֹסᣬվŽëϻմ飬۾ȫǿ
߲òϣᣬı˱˼ҵˣȫǸ񾭲
Ȼ֪ԭ򣬵ǲϣ
ȱʧЩΪʲôһҪֲ̫Σ˰
ֻǳȥѣǸ𡣡
ѽˡŲȥᣬվ죬۾ò˵˵ҹԹԵ
Ǿ͵ȡ
߻û˵꣬վŵ߾Ųϵ۵׾ǻްɫʡ
һΣô죿һ˻زô죿ûңһ˯þģôϲңҸ˯á
ǳ˳飬վԽ˵ĵԽΣУȥоһҪģ
£ɤӣοҪ˵Υĵģ
žŰҪˣǸˣôҪҪ׬ǮȥˡһµģҪ
ǲűˡ
վգ۾˵һ
޳ôÿôᣬôһ˻ϲ޲Ը⣡ǱӲҪأһܾأûܾңǲҲܾˣ
˵˵ţվŵ˫ֿʼڻߣЩûʧ˵ǲҲԱôá
ЩץôൣİҪôͣǹԸ񣬲ı˾ͲˣȫûһҪ
Ǹ񾭲һȫȱ㣡ȫȱ㣡
վȻվ۾ƣһԾ˵ϣ³ĳžܣȥ
ӼϵĶζöȴͥԺԵʱʼ˸
ҧ޺޵Ŀĵ׽飬ǲòֹ
žŰ侲˵ǲ֪ôң
վȻٲɨԭɾ͸۾һУͫתĹ⣬ɫԡȿɰʧ٣ֻʣΣıơ
վź촽΢źɭɭֹңţ


60 
߸ЦֹҪֹ
ǹˣ񾭲Ϊ
ߵĶһϵͳ˵ѻеѰϾ˵ѿǸ߼ܵĻ
صǣȥš
ȻԽǺ˵նӵġˣⲻǸ߹ޣûӦ
˭֪᲻ͻȻʲô¡
˺һᣬ߲ǿڣǺ֧㰡Ҫӳ鰡ϾûǮûзɴ
վüĴʹţһ˵ɵɵǿȥ򵥡
ĵ棬ôӶòã
žŰõġ
ԭҪĶվ۾һУʹĶǳ϶ǲȥ
ôɵĿţ߰ѵʵȥûϢó˹˵¡
˵ˣҪԹڼңҪȻĻһ˾Ͳˡ
վһ׳յ˵ˣ
ͻȻһѸߣ
վ̧ȾͼߣС˵ģȻװһĻϣңôĻڡ
بDD
û߿˵վֱܱӾ͹ȥȻȫʧһ㼣û¡
վ۾ɭɭЩɲܽӶĹȥǶ١
߷ȥСצѧŹԴ
ӦΪ˱㽨Ľ磬Ϊá
վ۵׳һ˱ĻеȴҲټ֡
һȻվŵ״̬̫ãҲʱԽΣˡ
ֻǣĺ𡭡
޵ԺӺƯΧԺǽȫЩǾޱΧţ֦Ҷһ𣬻価Ŀţÿһ궼欵ˡ
紵
硣
վžڷҡϡ
Сɵϴ˪۾Ҳʧȥ˿ʱĹնߣëٲǾֹһһ
˿̵վţʧȥż
ֻ˵ӡ
վŷ˺ܾãֱоһԭ̱ܵľ˲˷̬׺ݣԼſܡ
ߵЩѿ
֪ĿɲֹһˣңͥԺĽ羹Ȼһǿ֣ԺӵĽڻıƻ
Ϊվŵİȫ޳˶֮Ҳ˼ǿ硣
ղվܼĹƺҡ˽磬ô̵ʱ䣬粻ᱻƻ
ߵİžţ䣬Ҫһ㱣硣
۶зǳϸҪ󣬲ʹƺЩ޿֣ò֣ң޽վŶܡ
׹޵Ĺ˼ɡ
ߵ츳ʱһˣҲֶĿʼ
û㹻ԱǰҲϣվſʵĸãҲһȫ֤
վȰĽë˲΢վԭأҡͷ˵Ѿء
գ顣
ǿǿ磬ԺǾޱ˲پ
վָ̧⣬˹ҵķ۵͸ɫ
򴽣ָʼĲ
ôƻļأ̫ɰء
Сǡ
ҵ֦Ҷ׷ɼ䣬һŰɤ
ǣһΪѶԸû뵽޾Ȼ綼òˣһǸԼķ
ʱǳ˳飬ŽһͨҺ䣬Ů˴ûˡ
Ҳˣɪա
վſŴӳлֵӰͫɫ֣һ۵ϳͲóֵɫʡ
Žֵһˣվ۵׻һĨ׹⣬ͷߣӦܽ⿪ɣҪã
ӡ
š
򴽣žţʱҪ¶ݡ
վŲߣ򴽣ס
ɪպ֣ܿһװȫնһͷĽɫ̷ݼҲ覴Ǽʹеľӡ
ֻ۵׵Ͱ˸еˣЩ̱
ɪŤ֫˼վţмǸСţ󣬸氫ǲûüȻԹԹңҵԸ󷢴ȱ
һߴӰ֣ϴζЦݡ
ɪգѾϣô涼˷֣ú档
ΣȻĻҴ綼ˡ
ǱǲҪһ£
ɪװɬĿϣֱȫ˼ڡ
ȴɲվš


61 
վССվڹһͷĺڷŷ΢΢Ƥķ˿һûһµ۽ǣ۾ںÿһգ߲߰ܸоЩұС
һɬȴ˵С
εĶÿɪЩ£˻ʲôɫ֣֣Ҳܿϣ
޵ˣҲȻĻɶԲ
ĿڣԹΪ޵ǿսҲΪ޷ȥμѧԺ񣬱׺ݺݽѵ
ΪǶ˼ˣЩû˵Ǳһû˵
챴һ죬Ŷҳίίӣ˶ۼˣرǿɪա
ֻû뵽Ҫαȥʱ򣬾ȻյϢ뿪۶ˡ
ܱΪվű⣬ǣΪű
ɪʲҲҲҪҲһˣȻ˳ԼΪĽ硣
ǲܶԹôܶʲôôǿɲã޻Ϊһ͹ԡ
ɨϵ̲סۣСૣ۵״Ŷӵа
֪޵̳ĳǲζһЩ
վ۵Ĺһݣʧ
˿ΧʮˣٿԾ񲻼õˣվϴŹɵЦ⣬ɻʣǵľûָɣҪϢϢ𡫡
վЦŵʱ۾ţĽëһһģֻè䡣ɤСèצ˵ͷӵͣ޲ý谮һ
ڣΧ˶һ¡ԼĴС㽫վ˵ʲôӣͿӣҲʵ᲻
վ˫ֱԴڷ࣬һ¶ӣ˲µŮ
΢վ۵׵Ĺ΢΢ɢһ
Ӧáûлָ԰ɡ
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޲ϲ崿Ӱɣġ
Χļ˶üԱվֹɵģıȽϲ
㡫ɲ˵Ŷ̫ʧˡ
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Ǻǡʱ䣬ǵĵԼɣСҿʰģǼʵӡ
ɪƣȻأһϷĿ棬Ϳıˡ
ΧǰЩԸˣȻֻҪ˵ķԸˡ
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ɪɵһվţһЦޱȳ졣
Ų֪ɲһĽ磬Ұɱˣ֪
ҲŲţ
ǣţϣ
ڰ֣ɪֱӷԸε߼ԵĿվţɤ˵ˡ
ɪƲƲ죬ߡ
治֪ʱģʲôϵġ
ЦЦļָס°ͣűζĦɪգΨһĴ飬˶ֻ档
˵ĺΪҲ֪ϲ˭
վƲ죬ǿ۸û޿̫ˡ
ԹԵĻ󣬺չ塣ŹֵĶü˶һ£Ҳһ£վŻᡣ
СȻֱ۹סһ˵ֱۣһͷһžͰһ˸˳ȥ
Ȼܣ֪ء
˵˭涨ֻ̬أõķǳáٵֵĶԭ£
ԣʹһʹŶ
Ϊ˽жκͿɪմ˺٣֪弼ȴû뵽ȫûи߷ӵĻᣬһܶûʹãͱڵء
ңһ嶼Ťţȫʹ࣬ԣһš
վ֣·ȾЦ⣬ֻ۵׵ıѪɱͫںҹ˳Եջ
ء㣬һΣҪ˳ϡȫ
㣡
ɪշŭڣϵЩƺʲô˼ɣվţٳûж֡
ΪŭĿɪգվգգۣ촽һԼĳ㿴ǿĵڵϴأҪһ𣿺ϡ
⻰߲Ц
ԭţ룬ȻõĵزȻѧὫܻڰһ֣ʵʵĴЩ˵Ѩͽϡ
ŵѧĻǲǼЩ³ç˺öˡ
Ҵţһ˶ûһѪûУѵɽˡ
ƺû֣Ѹٱ䡭


62 
߶˷ܵͻȻͷ˵žšʱԽ۸㣡۸ȥ֮ٽ۲
˵ֱ꣬סȻʼޡ
ģһǷˣȻָо˷ܣ
߲ѣʼϵĸԼϴԣҸϵͳﱩĻ
վߵ۵׿ܻ
ЦӯӯվŲɵĲӣŤ壬վǰ
䣬ŵĻ٣Ѫɫȴˡ
ҺܲŶƻƣݵػˣǽҲˣǻء
˵վŽŴСϾģǵ۵״𱸣ɤȴЩɭָỮǡ
վȻһЦ⣬Ȼı䣬ԣӾҪͷŶ
˵˲䣬վָⲢ£ǰ׺ݣ
ɫڣû뵽ֱƣ屾ܵǰҪֹ
վŵ쳣ȻһģֱӶĹСʹǰת󣬲ָһһȭʵʵĺĴ
ۨDD
ͻʹֱӵĴԿհףһѪ˳
վŲƤ˶ſɪգ۾Ķ
Ȼסεĸ첲һ̧𣬵䣬ȭͷһ£ͬʱһšפֱӾ˻

ɪɫף۵ȫľºӿķŭԭԥܿʼӿ̧֣һɻֱվš
վһתһεϣθߴȫûзĹڵϣɫ԰ףͫ׶Щɢ
ΪλõĿٸģһαˣȻһѪ³ıգֱӻ˹ȥ
ɪɫѿݺݵ㾹Ȼ
ٴӿ˾ԳܣǾ׼ȸһδζգҲݵĿʼܡ
վŵһֱĻȣǶȴһ㶼ᡣ
ڸɪӼܵʱվסΣһؿڣǿֱ壬ٶԣξӲְס¡
£ǿҲ˵ĲᣬƬƬѪģ
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˵꣬վһ٣ʺ񲻶ԣ绹ûϣǡ̫ϧء
ɪѾʼɫҲʼ࣬С
˵СôأСﶼ򲻹ء㡭
ſɪ˸վŵָùڷԴƤһЦɻ˵ȷﻹʲôأҪ֤ҿ𣿡
ɪ弱Ĳŭû˸˵ң
ɪǵ۹Ĵ֮һ˹͡Ȩ߰³ĴŮͷ磬֮ӣÿһ˶оΣоȨڵ۶˹͡ηȨ
ǣڣ
ǧ谮һĿɪգȻ￴
ɪշŭȻܣȥɣ
ߣڣ
վȻ߿ٽ硣
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˵ڵ۶ܣϡ
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بDD
߾ּУžšDD
޴鱬ҹһƬء
һǹ󣬿ɪյ岻ܿƵĵ£ҰЦÿ⣺Һԣȥɣ
ֻǣɪյЦûͱսᡣ
ġ
վŻζԴ˫ְԴϵֹţǼ
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ʵɪյĹ˵ܶȥģ岢ԭ壬ʱ䣬õǿǿ˴󲿷ֻ֣ǴϱһƬѡ
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վŻ˼£૵ţãǺء
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63 

߿ţСצֱӾָһԵĿɪգۻỨòߵָŻȥŮŭ˽լƻǵĽ磡ҼС˴ˣʶӣ
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64 
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۹ƺôһڵ۶֮ڣʹܣߣֱӻ߼ӣãκ˲ɱ⣬ߣͬ
š˿Ǳϡء
վĵĿ˿Χﶼƻˣ˵ǹ壬ҲҪ⳥ϡԣǮ
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Ҳ
أ
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65 
һվСղŵȫʧŰϣСһ㶼ơ
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žDD
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վɻĿһۣ˵Ѫ
Ѫ
ǰһȭصĴڿһҵĺХվһԽȫûб˵
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ŭ𣺡죡
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ң
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۵׷ԪؿʼۼȥûôҪɴദС
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66 
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֮󻺻Ƶ˫ȭԲ࣬ʳָ͹ȻѹԲ࣬˲ֱ˲䣬վŵĵָھӺ󾱼׵һڽڿʼ
עվϴº͵ЦݣͰϵķӦȫͬ

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67 
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⼸꣬Ƶԭһ󲿷Ϊ޵Ļױǿп۳һһֱݻ١
Ǽܻƺ壬쳣Ŀءˣ˻ǯԭ
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Ϊһ㣬ܵĺôṩһ
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68 
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ô꣬ǡ
˲һʱԡ
׶̲סڣ˻ƣϢҲЩȡ
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Ϊ겻Ѿ˹ȥĸоû뵽η壬ȻһʼͿ˹
Ҳǡ
޿ӰͻȻɫѿˣָ⸧˼´ǣס˿ֵĶЦ⣬ֻ۵ĹȴԼԼ
ãվڣԵʾޣֻҪţŶѡ
һЦǮ٣
ҧȴòԼƽڣҪ٣
ЦЦԼĸֵǮҪ˵𣿡
ŭ׼
ĸôýǮ
޵һЦ⣬֮ⲻԶ
ڴǸĴҼȥҼСҪ˯ˣֻʮʱ뿪ԶǼʶģ𣿡
˵꣬޶վº͵Сţط졭
֮ͨѶ
嶼ٲվŻĹУȥĸо
ĸÿ춼ڼ尾ֻԼʹ࡭
һֳʯϵĹʵɣһһְֽޱȵʳÿһŶռһͻʧڿ
ҪǣȶͰô
ǣǸߵϲʳҲˣÿһռ߼ϡ
Ϊ̫ϡ٣ҩϣÿһſǧ֧ÿһ֧԰ס弶ߵľ塣
֪ж
ĸԭ弶ߣڶǰΪĸʣܵشȫϣľȫȶ
һǰҩѾȶÿڲϵʱ䣬ÿÿյıܼ尾
ҩʦΨһƷʮſһͬ׼ҩάꡣ
ǶʱڣͲѰô࣡Ϊıʱֻ죬֮ͻɢȻ󳹵ʧȥЧá
ֹӣһĽ
ֻвһʱ䣬񻹲ţʱѰĻֻһŻ⼸죬Ȼһοʼռ
Ҫʽ𣬻ҪϵĻѾĸʣⱼռˣһÿ˶쳣ƣ
һӽһΣڣϣȴҲ
󡭡
뿪
վԺ⣬԰ڣһЦ˯ҰޣƺҪˡ
׶ĬţϵʹЩ޷ע
촽ļʹЩܿأȴܿƳֻɤȴԴɳƵͣ۵޷ìܸ顣
δ̫ˣûἰǣǸųĹޣ
ų𡭡´ŵĳҡҡͷ˦ȥ˼̾ŲţˣһûСԣζҪ
£ЩȻᴦá
ֻǸһҸ棬벻ȫ㣬Ͼ¹ϵ˼ҡңǵˡ
˵ˣ׶߳˳ֽǣ޵ĳ弼̹Ǻӡ
ʧЦ֪ͺãǺ˵ĻûдֻЩˣǾͲòżЩֹɱҪƴԭҲΪЩһ޷ĲƸ飬ǳ׵ĳɾһš
ҲǻҺ͹Ҫٵԭ򡣡
ǻ꣬ûлٵһֲĹޡ
ԭǿΪû㣬ڿɲһˡ
׶֪ǲ޵ԭ𣿲Ϊǵ츳ΪǵԸͿսϵӣǸʱǲŻ֪ΪʲôҺ͹ʱ䣬ûܳ״ݻȥ
׶ҧʼˣǣ˵һվķ
׶ܸԭ򡣡
һۣת뿪
׶վԭأȭͷգʹܻ˿̵ǰܸС
Сվ˵Ĺ⻷£׾ԼҪģһΪѹ֡
ǣȴ壬۵׷ȫںӽˣĴ̲ϵš
ҲһԱ
Գ£׶뿪
˶ߺվŴǽϵ۵˸˷ܵĹ⣬ߵԴЦе˵ȰӦȥȻȥҷɴϡѵģ
ֵ˲ԺļظˣȻĻԻ
Ȼ˵Ӧ
ķչûϵ


69 
վһҵķ˺ܾã϶ģΪظղΪǵ衣
ǸհԼԡжͻȻǹ޵ƵҪվֱӾ͵ȥ
ĻڰУպÿԿվˮﱻݰڰŵĽС塣
վӨ׵ССͷʪɢĵЩӤʵСòˣģ޲ȥҧһڡ
ʱվŵĴ۾Ȼһ촽һž˿˿Ľ
ޡ
û˵ȴˢˢ
סŶ

˲䣬վɻգŴ۾ôܹ֣
׼˵ʱƵ͹ˣֻʣºѹѹһƬû˹޵Ӱ
վ㶵ģԴţ֪ʲô
ߣϢڳġ
ֳգվǹаЦһеȾĵıŰɢŵĺÿһ϶һˣš
ʹҪҪ޹ж޹
ֻϢģʲô֪սţȻͱˣڷʲô񾭡
ôˣ㷢ʲôʲôϵſңҪҪ˵
ţżˣವķ磬ֱ͸
ԱߵЩֻղǿǿʹţֻǱ¶ѣǶϰˡ
˭Ĳʱ򡣡
һ췢죬㱻ŶʵϲǸղſǿϴˣǺˣаСúÿɰĺÿ˲֪ٱҴ۾ʪ¶صǻܰסDD
Ȼ˦췢ֱӾסˣֻת
üβһɨżһ΢ֵķɴ⣬ָ΢΢ۻϣЦ˵ܾû޽Ѻõдˡ
ŵĸԶˣĨЦôôˡ
ͷת˵ϴڿЦɣ쵽ˣҡɰĸֱӱһԵ𣿡
һƵ̲סЦ൱ۨDDɰĸ˼Сſɰ𣿡
ŬԼʧû޵ߵĿռһ𣡵Ȼûз֡ҴԽ˵Խĸо
ǵ£ﲻɰҺСһɰ
Ȼж㣬ȫӰ˴һš
£ɭɭЦЦȻֱӽ˴ӻ˳ȥȫڹ˲ʧ
˱Գɴ˲䣬ͷӦĽٻ˳Ȼ󣬼
ȻѾൽϰΪˡ
ȫҿڣرԱߵˣ˵ղҲˡ
վŻǼϲĺӰֱ̲ס
޵ĸ˶ͻȻ
һΪȫˡ
ǹȴֻϢȻĵĽ庮
庮̲סЦɨɨϴֺãͷȴצıС
꣬ʱһϹ۲ӧҪִ£ʱһǻ̫ᣬ˻ǿҪ˻
һ㶼ûСʱɰ
Ȼĵô룬ȫұֳԼѡҲҪ
ɤӣ庮ȵǸްҡ
Ҫ޵޺ˡ
޺ˡҪڵҪȥǰɣץǽ֮ץ
޿ΣյˣȺӻϲԵľʯԱɴȫƶ
ڽʻǻᰲȫܶ࣬ĵȴ޴
޺˵һֺƯʯͷССģģϸǻһӣһģǹϲһֱʯ
Ѳɣ͸ɰСţ
ӣǡ
߳˳һߺվ죬һ߼˵Ҫܶ㡣
庮ۣ˳ǣһֱʳ̫鷳ΪЩӶʮӪ
Ȼǻ͵͵ıԡ
㵹Ǽõģһָ
˿㣬ศɣԵĶʯ
Ҳ˸÷ʷҶߺܺãȻǹѡ
ر
ţץûȱġ
ǣھԲִУôʱ䣡
庮Ʋ죬ȫһ£޷񾭶ǳˣ㰲ο䣬ַӾͻȥˡ
ް㲻ǲϲЩ磬ǵһȰ
۵׳˵˭˵Ҳϲϲǳϲٷҡ


70 
庮ʼ磬޹˵ϲҲҪȣҸ߼µĴսµճ̺ͶôҪˡ׬ǮҪڻ£ΪҲ˷ʱ䣡֮ţ
˵Ҳ֪СѹĺòãûˣҲ֪һˣһʺܴĿôǵճҪŨһ¡
ȥܼƻôҪ
󣺡
˼䣬۾ϵţѾٱĺ
κ庮ȫǵֵ̰ϰˣϾͿʼŹޣԺ˯ûвܵģֱҪ̫
ֻǣʱʱ򰡣
Ȼѣ庮ȫɫֱûֹͣĴ㰡
庮ͻȻˣҲǸܶͺˣܼӣѲֶ˷ˣǿǸģѳԣҲȥ㲻֪ӵÿһڶǮǮ
ǼǵõģǰͶЩϲھӣ
ĬĬˣ޺ҪǮ˵ҲҪ
Ѿ߳īˣƫƫǵĻȴԽԽаȣ촽Ⱦ˻ɫ˵Ľ
ЦֻƬ̣ʧ庮Գȥˡռһٸ޺ˣԶڷɴ⣡
գҲ庮˳ȥ
ܿ죬ɴɳȫǿӣǵжΧ
һˣֱЦ˳һЦ͵͵Ļɵȥ˹ڵĻҡ
ֲа˵ҪҪֵǣϴһַˡ
ͬӳĸǵͳһսߣ庮һٳЦ
庮ҧҧŸ˶ξһٺ𣬡ģǸ񾭲˵ˣռһٸ޺ˣͱطɴǼЦά
ԲۣǲЦһ𣡸ʱң񾭲ϴһᣡ
ԶֶĸоǵĻҲŹ¹޷񾭰
ĭΪҪ޷ˣ⼸һӶã
ģȫû⡭
ʲô¶˵ҪҼС˯
·ʱ򣬹ɨѾιȥЦᣬɿ۵ȴѪ
ǣ˭ǷŽһСϲĿܻԺܶġ
˵꣬ת
أ׼ûˤ绨
żеʹþεˣ˳ǣվ𣬹޵񾭲س̶ָһ㡣
뵽ǽ̲ס
ɪ꣬ʹɪ
񾭲ûһģ
Ϊô㶫ȻֱӰ˸ȥˣ
ǵ׿ʲôУ̫ˣȥ

޵˷ϰԵϴ
վһֱҪӰͨѶǳľܾˡ
ʮκ󣬹޸ɴֱϴˡҪ侲侲̬ȥŻŵ
ϾǷǳҪѵء
ֻʮӺվŴɤͳԡҵĿռֵ֮ĻվŵʵͶӰ
վգգۣ˵ޣԭϴ谡ֲòͨѶ
վŴŹΪ׼ĵ˯£ܿɰΧŹתһȦȻ崩˹ȥʧӺ
վźʹ˼Ѫһһ˫۾߲ͣ˸ţС˼Ҳزס
ڿɲʧʱ򣬱ϾӦޣͿͣı޵Ļˣ붼İ
ԽԽվţȫǻȵġ
˹ȴеܲסߣرʱ
޽ëʹϵĲţҲס۵׵ĳ嶯
ܿ죬̧ƵסԼۣɲС̫翴һŵˣɾء
Ȼˣվŵ߼ֱ̫ˣʱԽãϢԽģÿֶΪʱץĸо
ת˲뵽վŻԹԵԶΪΪӣֺ˷ܡ
޵ǻ򣬽Ϊĳ嶯ѹ¡
һЩֱӣܸоĹ޸⣬ֱĸо
ҴѵûоǶΣһ𣡼ޣĶȥ𡭡
һ룬Ǹߣ˵ء
ǲİ
ͻȻĬĬĽԼռռԱŲŲʧͶӰ
ᣡ
޲˵վҲ˵ֻǺôţȥòֺ
ҪǿͨѶ治֪ء
˺һվŷֹ޳ٳûжգգۣվһ˵޲ϴ𣿡
СţΪŮҪ֡
Һְ


71 
ֱۻˮס¶ؿڣҲעӡ
Ľëʹţ۵׵ɬȴҲסɫıһЩŤĿڣСŹԣֱ׵Ŀʿ壬ʧ񡣡
ͳԸеɤվŶҲЩգָоܱĸо
վЩֵ෢壬ɵ㶵Ŀǰĺ÷⣬Ųʹǰһ
㶼ҵˣ嵱ȻҲҵİҾǰ
վָ̧⣬Ĵ࿪ʼ»һֱڵԼؿڵ֣ڣһģ뿴
Խô˵ԽڵվŵĴ۾Խɨһ
޵ĴڽȫƵȦסȫѡ
߳ʲôվֲȫ̹̹
ߴµɨ£ڲ
ǵź˫һɫʱ˫ڻ
վҧ´ᶨĿҺܿͻκõģ
ȾſɬЦ⣬Ļȸɾʪɵ࣬ˮˢ£Ⱦ˲㱡ֲʵĸо
𣿡
˵ɤվͷһͣȻҡͷɤϲޣҼˣﶼģ綼ûϲ㣡
Сšǲڰοҡ
΢΢޵ЩصԣһɤЩɳһЩ
СšǲֻǰοҡǶҽҡ
վżĹޣȫǵģ޲÷ַܹȥֲұֳֻܲϵİοš
ҲϲǣǺᣡ˭ϲֻϲ㣡
ͫ׻֣ҪһһЦǻ㣬СšǺúӡ˵Ҫء
Ȼˡ
žţϴȥðģ岻ã˵òãҪú˯ˡ
ͻȻڣվŲ뵽㣬ͻȻЩΣָһ˵Ҫǵҡ
á
˵꣬վžֱӹҶˡ
վŹҶϵ˲䣬ǷݵԺʧˣȡ֮Ŀǿҵĳ嶯üͷ
ˮתˮεαϣǳˢϣݳ嶯ȴٳûȥ
۵׵ԨԽԽǺڶһ㣬ȴȼ޾ã޹аɤ˶ߵૡ
ȻءˮˮûֻվſԣֻҸܵ¶ءΪһ塭Ȳ
ǣΪʲôֻʮ꣡ʮ꣡
ɫͻȻ궯Ѫĳ嶯
ڲܳ
ݵòȴŵĳ嶯һַһռǣȻһĨµ΢Ц
ȥˣѾʮˡ
ţԡ
һСѾǴˡ
ӦûȥѵС֪ĺȻĻÿ۸
ϵЦ쳣ᡣ
ֻǣûӡ
뿪ԡң֮󣬹޾ʹ뿪ǿŵ˲䣬һȫ˵ϡ
֮һٺС
DDѹˣģ
ģ庮ѹң
Ҳˣ̤裡Ǵûٲ㻨Ǯȫ乫乫
û˼ҰǶȻˣ˵л˼ңȻ۸˼ҡ
ƵĴӼЦû֦չԼһͷĳÿˮϣװޣ˼𣿰
޺ֱӶܽܲ͸磬ҧ˵ôˣ
ϡҪ˼˵ⲻ㡫ÿɵȱ߷磬Ҿ˳ˡ
Ϊɵȱ˷ôĶģ
ô񾭲ϴˣ
꣬ĸ˵ֱӱ˦˳ȥһֱ˦˷ɴ
ǾԳ˲žù
ѵ֪Σһ붼ֱӱİÿңΪʲôÿǳ𣬿ߣ
̫ˣ췴ô졭
̤豧վһԣ˿ŭˢĸ˶ˣ̲סʧЦ鲻̫ãΪšɰСţ
ɨôͻȻˡ
ǰǽӵһӶ񣬹ʧٵ׼˹õϢ˵ҲգҺͰˡ˵Ҳ˳㿴ǡ
š
ôƺе٣ֲϵ
̤辪УԵķɴصǽϣǸԵǺڶȱڣҧ˵Ҿ˵һ𣡸ģ𣡡
ѵĲǵ𣿡
ĿڣЩ⣬۵װаôôǷᣡ
̤üģʱžõģ٣ʱĹõģǲҪйվŵһУ
ʣµľô᳹ģʲô
ǣǵǱĵ
̤һʱ䲻ѸĹֶһֹ״̬Ҫάֶòֹ
СʱһŵĹޣ
ͻȻһᣬЦҼСȲȣɰɰ𣿿ǲǺˣţ
ȷʵȣԶҲܿɰɤĺܶˣڶСץĿһһһֵġ
̤شĺ棬Ƿǳ棬ȫûз£һࡣ
۵׵ԽԽأһһ֣̤ͱӳ˷ɴȥˡ
֪Ϊʲôͱӳ̤裺
Щͷ۵ɨ۷ɴŵļܻףо˶̫ãԽԽѸˣ
Щ޶˸ԼͶ
̤ǸɵЩô𣡹䣡һʵӣ
ˣҲżˣɴȥСŵ¼񷢴ȥˡ
ǿߵĺˡ



72 
޵ĳ嶯
Ϊ˿̣һֹٶȣΪվڳи߲䣬ĿرĿ
۹
޿ĸо
꣬һ񾭲ɣͨѶ˻ҪҸֵҪĥϵͳ𣡻װȡҴǱ׸ҪǮƵá
ڣ
ΪҪ񾭲˵ģȫҪȥ
Ϊ뱧
ɣܣĸηζۣϵͳȻѾѪˣ
ϵ߸ˣҸֵֻʣǧˣΪվǷ⣬ڹ޷ֲ˵ȥ
˺þãҸֵŰվ˵ĻԪء
һǰʮأһ쵽׶ʲô
вв
ôôأ
Զվſʼߵ̵𣬱Ͼֲܱǡ
ֵֹĶվһ˵ߣЩܺõӣҡ
ԣ
ֻЩ򲻹ǿԶһţֱ֤ʧ
վ޹ʼ磬һֻλֱ͵쳣ĸȤ
ҧֱóһ˽˵㣡붼룡
һѱ˵ȴɱʮֻʵĸоԴ˾ϵͳˣʼԼǲҸϵͳˡ
ȻΪʲôһͿԴݻһеӵֻҪ998Ҹֵ
ģŵĹ濴
ǧټƲ̵꣬Ȼҵˣ
ϵͳоˡ
о궿ӵֽһңҲʱ궿ӡ
վֻڿ˳һһĺòί
һˣΪҴֻܶһ998ˣǱƵģġ
վ֮ǰѯ˺ڵλãúϲλûƫƧҲվż˲鷳
վŸ׼ŵ˲䣬׻ʹ˳վŶһǣȴûܶһǿԪֱӱ˵ֱۡ
ţ׻˳վ۵壬ϵҲеǱǿȰˡ
Σܻܱ¶
վֻһ¾͵˴ľϵĶܣǣһԪظ̫߳࣬Ȼ˺ܶ࣬ǱشؿڴǿҵվһѪ
ԴɵģֱӾʹ㻻һվҡͷɫЩѿ˵Ĵӣûɱ⡣
ôĶȴûоκˣӦֻ̽ѡ
Ҫ߳ǳ࣬ɱȫûзֱӾͱɱء
Ȼˣ߻ĬĬһãȻĵĸιһܸߵҩ
ˮɵĿЩŷģĵȴǰ˸Թˣ׺ݵ߳ˡ
վſǰˣպЩͻȻЩϲ̫ȻŤ
Żʺ۵͸Ĺ⣬ϵۺѹȸʮ㣬ͷվλӦõλ˫ôЩΥ͸а
ԲԲӡ
վ̲ס̧Լ
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ķӦķֱӾͱסˡ
ĺҲЩ鶯һԵСֱЦʣɨؿ
ķһ꣬£һ˫ӵվţɤԴϵվţ
վԴʪĴ۾ŹķͷβŶ˶ӹɼˡ
֮ǰ³״רŸһΣƭСӣôƭ˼ʮơ
ȻŸһԲĴ壬žͳϷװɰʲôģľܾ
ɴֱӶһӵⵯԭӵֻҪǵ԰ַӽ򵥰
ߵĶۺݺݵվţʮ㣡
Ϊ֪ʲôȻڿԼȥ̫أǣҸֵǱӰˣ
ղһ˲䣬ȻԺԲһɱ˷ңȻûԼ˷ܣ
ǲǸüһ£ѧˣٲҸֵĵȥ
ƺǲߵ뷨
վžˮ죬ˮʵĴ۾ίĿߣҧŴǣޱȵĿĽëѷĳһ㣬Ҫ޹ж޹
ԭ°ɡ
Ѫֱӿˡ
ˣʼʹ˼ˡ
һ궿ˣôһûеֵסҴԲı⡣
һԵЦ˳СܵվŸǰ˵ıķ˱ҵĺöˣһɴˡ
͹ܼһˣ
һЦץץԴϵĽ𷢣ʿʧ񣬻ֱִ֣ЩߵĽԼ
վţҽǵ۹ʮһӣǶϲʮһϲĻҲԽʮһ
վ㶵ĿűǵĵطЩ̫ӦĳأȻϲϵĦҧŴ˵ֻ޿ң
һûֱӸ˴ˣϾڱ˼ҵ̣űȽϺá


73 
۵Щʧ䣬ǻǺϲֻһʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
ķ΢ֶ˼ֿ
иɾӣʹ㴿ݣûҰȴоģܴϻҲ̹Ȼ̽弼֪ҲǸȫ᲻ĺӡ
ΪǷϵԭΧĻ˶УϲŲ˵
ҡ
ǹ޵ˡ
ԡ
ķ̲סĵ׳һԼһ޹ĺӶʼˡ
վŲһֱüֹĺգգӿռóǸˮӣŸպá
˲䣬ķЩͨ죬۵׶ʼˮǾĶ
վ򴽣˵֪ҪҸǣҪһ̵ķɴһǮ
Ϊ۹ԷɴĹ̫ϸվŴŲðֱӴһˣκΣûɵķɴѹȥ۶ǣ
ģ
ԿֻܸɴȨɵˣңǾҪŹӶѣ򵥣ֻʳѡ
ǮȻǰҪˣ
ΪЩǻ򾲣ֻҪЩ
Ʋ죬۷˸û۰׵İۣȻΪ𣿱Ǵ𣿡
ʱ򣬹ķЩ˼Ŀվ·۵ЩǸ⡣
ʵվŸսʱǾѾˣֻ⿴ʲôûж⻹ãһж⣬ʵѾ׼ǿץ׼Ҵȥвޡ
ǣŮȴǼĶΪԼı
վһԣɫģЩ˵ھȥ·ϲʲôʽģϲʲôʵģϾˣȥķﻻ
̾ʮһŮ˵̫ʧˡ
еĵǸԲ𡣡
վգգۣϰԵĴӺóһ׼ԣķŵҪֱһˣҲˣæǰֱȥһıš
˼䣬˵Сţҽģ
վŵͷӿռó߳Ա˵ʲôʱңҺżãھ͸ҡ
ζ̫ˣ̲סĭ̫˵ζˡ
վԴʣҪ𣿡
𡭡ģڴˡ
վű߳ԱЦӯӯģȻȴǳӵ˵ԡ
ֱоôվźϲȻ̵ľܾ
ķûϢһԴϣֲûóԣôÿһŵζһôûϢ
˵Ҳеԣһ᲻ԼĻʺһԺˣһ
ſʼεĸʣ̾
ķʲôãΨһȱž̫Լĸˣɶ뵽
ڿԷˣĸڲñܼ尾ʱҲñˡ
ӣǶء
վŲ򴽣۵ģøмǽס
ķվţ۵״żʶʹĺӣȷʵֵñ޳谮
ķԼĿռȡһȰЦҵķɴȨȥﶼᱻ谭ȻʩҲȫȻһſһǧǱҡ
СҲû˭ˡ
ϣ˵һ㣬һ㡣
ķЩܿƵĳ鶯СѾͷ޿֡
һʼͿ͸Ͼһʼ̽ҺɱģҲֻ֪ûἰ
ķĵȫ֣أɫȴŴȰЦ
վŲĽӹȥ˸ɰİۣò˵£ǲҪ¶ֱˣ̫ˣҵĹ֪ҿɰҰ
ķס
һ˵ǹ򣬻ǱһɰС򡣶ķΪҲ
⺢ӱǸӻϲްǱ˵ˡ
ԭվǴߵģͻȻ뵽ʲôתգգۣ˵ˣǲչ˺ûɣ˵Գڹػ䱿ɣ
ķסôش
ⲻˣѾûб𡭡
վ۾۵׳˵ûչ˺
ķͻȻЩȻһ˵£⼸꣬ĻȨٱһǿƼܿգܶʵ
ܱǸ
վŴӣżŵ棬ϢΧ˶ЩһᣬվͻȻСÿ΢Ц˵
һʱһҪչ˺ϡ
ķˡ
վ֪ڵʲôһͻȻֵˡǵôˣӦòǺܺáͷ¸ǣҪԡȻĻǼĻӿǻϵŶһܶ޷ءºһϣǱɷ𣿡
ԣ鷳ˡ
վСԴ޹ԣĩˣվЦݣת뿪ֻĻ
£ټҾûԣҪˣˣ

⺢ôˣˣСӵҲȵģϲĺӰ
ܿ죬ҲǷˣվǷйˡ
վֱڻʹȡ˷ɴɹƻһƬĽȫûУ˭ǵʱûըѾˡ


74 
ߵĲ£ɴܿ뿪˵۶ǡ
վϣ°͵ֱۣһֻץţһһ̶ǵ߶䷢ɡ
ʵ
֪Ұ㱨ˣ㿴ɹҰǼСⶼˣҰɣ۹DD
ʲô
Ǳң޵ʺǱң
վƳһۼޱȵߣɴóԣ˵ȫˡ
ŭСצӴĻĽ˴ûһʱʵĽͲܲ𣡿ǧǴǼģ𣡺ģ
ɥĲĹޣжǮ
һÿÿ붼ڿĽˣֺ޵ĸо
ôǮˣȻҪһĴǮ𣡹֣
ңòˢһδڸУȥ
վĬĬƳһۣһûȫˣȻĻôûзӦ
ͻȻԶԵߣ
վź֣صıߣϣſǣ۾Ķۣһͨ
ߣҪҵ֪ҪܶǮһֱȫڵȻǺұǸ
ùķ֪ҲǱһԱŻֱѪɣʷϵһλĹˡ
ƺߣ֪ɶôҪӣҪѧ˽ǮҸ͵͵ڻô
վҡͷðҵľġ
ҧҧһΣѵ֪
㶮ʲôöûнǮûϣûϵûȨûȨôмͥλ֪֪ͥλҪ
ͥλ
ԣͥλԺڴ˭˭£
ޣ˵ʲô˳ãվţĵЩӵģҴӦǲġ
£ǿ֮ǳǳҪ
վ룬ҲĵͷܿͻȻ˵ھϰ
ɶǣǱʲôǸ񾭲ʲô𣡡
߼ֱҪˣҴѵ汻Ǹ񾭲ˣ
վһߵԴϣԴϺܿ˸ɰһοվһʱЩĴ˴
˻DDžźúݵģһңһ㶼ңϲޣϲˣȥˣ
תֻСצôץԼԴɴίֱӿ˳ϴִȡ
ˣվЩŤִ˴ԴϵĴ˵Ǻˣ߲˵Ļ
ءDDžŻҡ
߿޵ĸˣȫЩֹסӣվ̧֣Щ˼ԲСЩ
ˡ
Щɬ飬ͻȻͲˣת֣󱧱
վűŤĴӣڻָϰԵһÿһµᣬġ
ߵĶˮɵģüҴȻᰲοˣ
ÿģ
ԼĺֳɳһȫֹסĵİⰡ
ƣվЩ˼ֱӽӵ˲ٿ̨ϣӣˣҪȥ˯
߳˳ǣȫǱģУһ߾ͺߣԼˣʲô˼
໡
ԼԲ̲סļֵڰйȫֹס˷ܵİ
ҴԽԽˣ߶ôĿɰ
һ
ȫ涼ҴĿɰӣ
Ȼվֵֹӣ˺ܾãȫûлعӣ߲Ƕ󣡺ò
¡
߷ǳԵ˿ռ䴩󣬲һΣֱӾͰѷɴĵ߰˰ˣǹµķɴʲô߹񣬲ȻĻһķɴҡҡ׹ˡ
˭ҵķɴһ̵ڶΣ
治±еʬ壡
ԼҵķɴȫۣͻˣάʲôŲᣡ˷ǮǮء
ƮƮȻߵ뷨
ڣվŵıŤУһһϵͳһܿϵķɴ֮ǡ
˽޵ķɴһͷɴһ˵ִͷɴڴռǳߣʺܸߣصά޷ѷǳǳǳ
ȿ˾Ҳ죬Ϊ޶һΡ
ΪԸڹ޵֮ǰһϲţʲô൱
Ȼ
ǸԵˣǵδ庮ֿһ춼þ͵ˡ
ԣȻûϡ


75 
˿̵Ĺһݻ
ǼϹžɵľʲʣմɣͳΪһҫʱȻĿȫǹŵϢذ嶼ټĹľġ
ֻƺ˵ˮƽޣֽװδԭеĹӣԵ÷ǳ
鱩ꡣ
޾ǡ
ű׵庮۾ЩĶóȥǼֱ׬ˡ
ҪϢʵڼǰ֪ͨˣֻǲ룬ôãûˣһ˶ûȻڹ
ָĦŴǣ۵أڣ겻ѣִء
ɤӣС˵ޣһ̣֮ٽһɾֻżҲа
βһ˿ȴ
գָ⹻ŶߵĽ𷢣һһ̵˫룬ȴŮһ˵ɤ
ֶǳԵ£žͶġ
ǵ̲ס˶壬ÿһμǶ̲ס
㲻һôŮ˻ҪĶˣȻÿζ˵ģֻҪʱ򣬻֮
ƺǴ͵ӣ̲ס˸ۣǵֶ˶Ǽˣ
ɨ
գգһһ̵۾⣬ߵסԼĴǣָ˵ͻȻ˼ҵˣ˼˼ʱŶİ˼ҰɡŶš
ס
˱˵ĵˣסĲֱϵļƤ
بDD
Яɱֱӳ˳ȥֻ޴ֱ
װ£ߴͦεһԣ۵׶Ц⣬ϡ˼ҵСĸβ㶼ųˣ޲Ҫ˼˼ôˡͲܰˡҡ𡫡
بDDءDDءDD
ȻǱˣ˶ѾðˣȫǱ˼ҵĵ̣һһ¶ʮƬ̾Ͱƻ߰˰ˡ
ʱһŭ𣺡ޣס֣
ߣЦһһ׷ȫûֵͣ˼İ
һţվȴվżҳǱһڵϣǸԲԲģŵ򹷶һĶ۾Ķߣֲͣ˺
㾹Ȼ깷
һһ˵˵ǵߣߣֻǱȽѣǱֵֻܲһ˭ûطҲ°ܲ͸磬ô죡Ҳþ
վƲ죬ûá
֪ѾĻںߣԻȥ
ܹʵķ̫ãҽӴҪʱҸֵѾǧ˺𣡾һǧҸֵȡĵߣȻ
ߣ
ߵԴֱƲԱߣᶨƵĲվſһۣȻֱһȥֱӰ˽ȥ

öﴫߵļֱҡ
վŶӺ󣬲鲻Ը˽ȥͷСȻĻǽȥ
ԼԴϵĴݺݵĵһۡ
Ȼ򣬵ֲǣǣôҲ˵һǰ˽磬Ǿعˣûнȥأֱӱץˡ
ӣôôң˼߶ģãˣ
߼ڻվŲſ˿Χڲ¡ء
վüܵŨŨϤĸоѹ֣Ũص޷ӵѪϢ
ţԶ
ĬĬó޸׼ˮһڽһڣҧѪɫ֭Һ
ߵĸоҪվŸأڸĸ֪ǿңľ˴ĵ׾ܾ
㾹ȻԶ

վ˫ĿЩնϢϤأԽǽӽԽޱȵ˷ܡ
뵽ʵҵʱ屻һַϵĸоﶼѪζһڣЩܡ
ȳˮۣһˣѾ˳վȴԵˡ
ͺĴȾɺĹ֭ڰУŵڣǣ޷ܵΣϢ
á˷ܰ
һ·ϣվŵľͷţһ̶ûͣ£Ϊ±֣ĺΣԻѵԽԽࡣ
ֱһ·ʱվŲͣ¡
վɵģ·
߶Դϣԥ£ָ˵ûˣߵʾֲܶ࣬ƺʯ֮ģӦá
ߡ
㵹˵갡

һ㶼Ͻ
㲻˵û𣿡
ǲ֤ûΣգ


76 
һһϵͳ䣬ֵﶵתתƵһֵǰȻžĵ񻨣Ǽٸţɲ
ңƺܹأƫƫû˿ܡ
վź׼ȥȴһ𣬡ʲô㰴𣡡
ûȥ
ʲôɡ
Ȼȷʵȫûɱ߷ĺӣҧ
ģıӵĿƼô󣡾ȻҪʶֵͼĿƼˣ
վˮţ˵ܿ𣿡

ܰû˵ϢҲûУģߵǿԣҪ䣬ÿ˶ɫģƶϸ΢Ĳϵͳжϲ
ԽǵĿƼʱ֡
³⣬ϾϢŹ֣ݲһ˿⡣
ѡǡ
վĹ
ΪȽϰȫұȽϱˡ
ǣѡ
ս룬ߵĴͱɨ˸ţߵֽС飬ߵġ
ҧŭ𣺡ֵͼĶ
վüĻ϶˵ܺá
ߵĶźĹ⣬˷ɣҧôһʯʯʲôģȻصͼĶ̣
վſڶ͸ż뿪룬˿ɰĺ촽̲סſ¡
󣬾óһӣԴӽľûͣЩϣ廹̫ˣȥҪúö
ɭɭһЦʹϵͳԴռ䣬ڷļʼٵռ
һᱻָһºӣվ̲סЦ
ߺ޺޵ĵһۣȻֿʼͣռ
վŵ޴ޱȣʯȴķ䣬Щ棬Щôռġ
һģ
߷ݣ䶼ʯռɾһëûʣ
վŲ̲ס˳ǡ
ҸϵͳҲбߵʱ
ȫ֮ߵɫѿ󣬶ӣͻȻڼǽȥͻȻǽ塣
ʮӺ߿ˣһվŵĻֻСһڡ
ôģվŵĴ۾̲סУ貵ͫﶼЦ⡣
߿ˣȻʲô¶ǰͷ
˳źڰխͨãڼ˹Ҳֵͨζ
ֻ߽ο֮Ұ岻ϵĲڶת˼ת󣬷ӿ˳
ţ
վԴ߱˻ɢֳ̽һӣľ׽һһ£ŵֿ
ĸ߶ʮףϣȴףһ˿ûУϡ
ǽһĽ
վλãһپʮҵĸ߶ȣһ׵ĿȣխǷжѡ
ӦǸжģΪÿʮףͻһ
ķķΧһֲֵϵڽǽ
֦ҶѪȵĺ죬ž綼Ѫһûǳɺ컨Żм䣬ȴһһĿɢӯӯ
ӵһֱ죬䶼İţͨ嶼ںڰǣ㿴Ǹоֱջһֱи˵
ԵңԵҡ
վһһڵĳˮһѪͣ˺ܾá
Ҳ棬ϾʵҼ˱ٵ˻ûʮ׿ʮѪӡ
޵壬ΪƴţֻѪΧŹֲֵռݣڣǵԵô΢ζ벻ˡ
ʳޣ޿ʳ࣬Ϊ˻ȥ
ȻѪıֲգȻȫ
ءֲ̫ˣֲ̫ˡ
ߵͻȻô˿̱Ƚʺϵ
ԵòʱվͻȻʣֲ
嶼Ļ̧Ļš
վŽ˵ûηͨζڸңʲô
ߵСצŬĵסԼ۾κʵǵסɥ˵Ҳ̽⣬ûݡ
ڿʼɨݡ
žźúݵģҺ£վŵС΢΢̧֣һָתתŴɤв뱻ȥݸ裿
ҲҪҪžŲҪңҲҪСצʹڿڣ±ȥһ£һӡ
㣬ǻҪȥޣ
ھȥң
վŶ£̲ס˼£üͷ͸ڰһ껨ĻĴǿϡ
ת˼վͻȻע⵽˶һǡ
ղܣֲƺЩη壬ȻȱһǣСǻסվŵĺġ
ԣ
úӰ


77 
ţվž͵ܣһֱֲϣͿֲﱻΧ֦ҶѸٵĶܿ䴦˽ǽڡ
ɵˣֲ
վĬĬȡһӣһϡ棬Ŷᶯ
վŵĴ۾תһȦһʹһ仨ϣȻͼ³ĻģȻٵĿή
ԴվžþסǿŶȻ˵ϡ
վŶ£߶Դϣ˺ð죬þò̽ż顣
Ƶӣû̺ǳߵʹãԱֱգӣҪڵĿƼ̽鲻ġ
ȷûΣպҲͲˡ
̲ӦʮʮžͿļ߽弶̫ǿˡֻ溬ʣңѪֱӹģҪôԣ
վЦĵǺ̰Եϡ
վ˵ԣȻˣǻͨͨġ
ʵҵʱվżŮоԱоӤıɷ֣ĸ·ĸʱЧãҳԵĺܿġ
䲻һЩܣ˳Ҹֵû½
ֻǵ˵ɡ
վȤ˾׼뿪û߼ͻȻ㶵ʣ˵Ǹģ
߱һҲЩãȻΪԭ𣿡
Ȼŵĸ߼˵ʱϣ֮һըˣ
ֱǱֶ̬ǾȻҪٿţŻͶġ
Ҫ𣿡
һֻһΣʽһʮۣʮΣںѾмС
ǵںܿ죬˵ֻҪʳ﹩ϣ¾ͿԲһôģ㣬ĶǮ
˳ǣߺ޺޵̡
˵֮ߺ޲óԼһƣʲôʱˣȻǮ⣡ѵǺԼֵ۵ĺ֢
ǾЩİ
һҪȥȻﱻΪ֮أǲûô๩м׼ʱӦúֶܶ࣬ǲҪȥȽϺãûкô
Ҳ鿴żֶѾʮˣѼܶǶ̵ռĻµĶôҲмˡ
˼䣬żҴһļ壬һԾΪ֮صĶ壬۹˼ΪⶫֻǾͻ㼯˴ߡ
˽ߺܶ࣬Ҫʲôɣ
˵˵ţǳ˳飬Ϊʲôִַܵĸо
ꡪDD
ˮҧµˮ˲ɢΧѪζ
ըëղ˵𣡡
վŵͷа
㣡żҿǺгģޣΪްǰ˼ҵĶӸɱˣ
Ŷ
㵽û˵

ôȫޣôԶ
վƲһۣ˵ֲܣ̫ˣ̫죬ϡ
ҧ壡
û˵ҵ塣
վվڱԵ߿ȫĵײ۵׳ֲĸиֵ壬ղͼҹͨ
壿ͨ
ţӦǸˡ

ֱ˵˲ͺˣʲôҲ
վŶ滹ͦģֵӷǳ࣬ΪѪصԭ򣬳úܺá
ȻҪҪ
£վ˵ȥˡ
ŭǶ֪ΣղΣգôȥ
վҡͷ»𣬲ҿҡ
Ҳ޿֣
߸˵꣬͸оʧصĸо뵱
أϾͳϤϤƤĸоȻ
վܱ߳˼ŻƵĻĲݣһƬֲܿͱȼմ
ΧֲﻹŻ
վͻȻգգ˵ͻȻΪʲôƣ
׼ĶȡһóܱߵֲͻȻѸٺˣ˺ڰɪɪӣŻˬ
վŻȻҧ˿ڹӣŶԭ¹⡣

ӦֻǡɣСǴɵĻϰߣ
ĳЩѾʧȥǣų飬׺˴һ࣬վű߿ˮƽ˵Ϊ˻ȥͬѪ⣬ȥıܱҰ޻ֲء
ѪΪУʧȥΪ˵֪˰ɡ
վһԾֱӾмĸԵ
ֻҪһСģʱѪŵ˫վһֱһȥ
˵ᱻԵ

ֲ̫ˣ
߱ŵģٲȻǸʵˡ
վԴǿעӣɨ𣿡
ҲǸ𣡲ҪҴӣ
ϲ˵ţֱӾͿʼɨ˵и棬ѾΪܺľˡ
ֲڱںܺ񣬲ҺܼӲӲȴﵽˡ


78 
߸˵վֱӾܴȥֱӾھϴһһ˫ɫӡ
ѪɫĴ£ҡ
վ۵ɨɢˣղžȻǿ
DD
ûվſ壬ֲ忪ʼҵҡҿʼճˮ
վŵЩվȣ俪ʼҵʹӵһߣվǿֱץסһԼ
ɱDDɱDD
ͻȻһѪֱۣȾѪŨѪȣһץסվţһһվŵĵĺܿ죬ʼЩġ
ɫܿͿʼڸеסôܼļʹá
һԿ۾ˣȴȫﲻæ
ʣ޼ҧȫȡһǿסҹ̶ԭʼʼǿзΧɢ
žţҪ̮ˣ
DD
Ϊֲܴȫ𹥻һһ£ǽں͵ϵĻŵ޻ࡣ
ѪŽ
ߵĵļ죬ܿͷɲվſԸо
վŶһ£Ųʼûж۷ɲʼµߣվ򴽣ɨ˱˫۵ˡ
£߾ͻͿԺ
֮վǿоۼܣǰ
վɫ԰ףӶͷ£С
ڳֲǰʱվ˦˹޵ıӣǿϳֱӵ˰ϡ
DD
˿̵ֲѾ裬ˮĸϵǴһƴѪصѪֱ޵壬ֱա
ǽϵĸϵǿг˳ǽ忪ʼ̮䣬ˮ
žţ
ߵٵţЩ޷Ҹֵ֧ȣЩƣ
վŽüܵĹģһ£Ҳһ£屻С

屻ǿ룬ļ壬ҲϵľһεڰУߵվŴͲܿԼˡ
ѪĿЩ㱣ͼۼ
DD
ͻȻֱֲӰγ˳Ƽȫİս
վ۵׿ʼɢԺͻȻ뵽˹ޡҪ޵ġ
žţ
ʹ
ȫʱ۵һʹޣ޾ޣ
ߵ
¡¡DD
һǽͻȻƿ޺аɤ̳֣ģ
кܴ˫ֲϣҧ۵ΪµʹƬƬɺ졣
㼯ǿбԼ˫أȻ޳ߴֱӷԾ˰С
޵ܷݵĴֱվɿ
վŽСͬưܵޣ˦˳ȥ
޽ڻ˫綼Ĳ۵ױŰ̵Ķֲָ⻮վŵգ۵״ŷĳ嶯
ңûɱ㡭
Ĳ԰׵ǣյ˫޽ϵܷӿһ㣬ռΧƬ̣ûĲ£ֲʧ١
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޵嶼ǺڰϢһ£ƫƫڵ
ޣ
û뵽ͻȻ䷢񣬵ǲʱ򣬷ǱڲŲ˻Ǳ˺ޡ
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ȫǼ˷ܡ
޻ǣһ˫ǿһĶһȺˣɫ䴽ɤɭɭɲżʧȫ
ǡ
ȿڣԼָ⣬̵˷ܣ־˵ĲӣȲʼɱ¾ء
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żҼû뵽ֻǵ˳̴һ¹ޣͻ
⴦ô׽
ʮ꣬˹⣬û˷ֹ
˵ЩɶӲıݣôƵģ
Ҹ㣬ȫ㣬ֻҪңҲˣңҲ¹ˣҸ£㣬㡭
żҼڵһһ£Դڵϵ쳣
΢β´Ⱦһ˵аӣֻɬĴɭڣҲҪˡұȽ뿴ʹӣһ
ҪŶ
վţϣ޲ָⲻϵ뽫ȫĦһߣźжǲǻš
ԺվźỽʱͻȻͣ
ʱʶʶ죬ǱйأǣǵĴ
˵ģǻԶһ
ܵĶԼĿΡ
һҩ޶ĴιȥŵĶֱ£޵ſʼڹţ¶ȡ
Ƶڿء
ǿɰĺӡ
ɨߣ۵׶ǳɱ⣬ǲǾ㣬ţ
ֻпվŵңڵ鳬ı߽磬ҸֵĴ
ҡ
Ҳܺڣһ㣬ֺ֪ģʱȻվôˣôһ޹ϵˡ
Ѿȥ޷飬޷ȡţһԾġ
Ŵŵ䣬ߵһôôľºͺڡ
޿ɨ˵Ǹˣ۾С
Ϊʲôоɱ
ɨ۹޻վţ۵ۣСѾͷǴ󵨣ʲôطҴ
̾˿ֻǣɲǸ£δЩ̫֪ˡ
Ҳ֪Ǹǻ


79 
£ֹĳͷǣǰһǸ޵ӵˡ
ֻǵʱŤͷԹǳһߣʿˮɬɬ˵׼ʴ˹
˼ԡ
ʱǲɱˡ
޵ˡ
ǿԼߣȻùϵܣʼˡ
˹壬ϻһֲճҺɫĳҲմȾճҺ
ճҺζ£ЩѪĿЩͻ
ͻĴǣ˳һƬѪȵĵϣȴƫƫ͵Ĳ˼顣
ã˹ſӣĽë΢ɫǼѤıʯĹ⡣
ŵͷĵĬĬ룬ʵƲ˵ӣ˹ͦƯġ
˹¶һۣ֮ʼżΧѰ޻վʱ۾Ȼһ
첽վŵķȥ
۵һеܿʼ󿴵ˣϽǰס˰˹
Ǹ㻹ǲҪȥȽϺá
˹ɫȾᣬ촽΢΢һɤҡ
ʱѾĻָܿ죬˾ͶһĳվţûȿͱһƸȿˡ
ԭȥһۣ˽
֪ˡ
ңоûϵͳůůģҴϧ
ǣⲻɰ˹ҧΪˣҴҲ棬Ǻ棬Ǹֲôᷢ裡
ңʱվԺֵĿԼ֣۵׶â
һʲô
֮Ϊ
ƺо˹޺ߵ⣬˹Щʧ䣬ٴظҡ
ʱڷﲻˡ
Ϊ׼ʴĹϵ˹ȻһᾫµΪȴܱ䣬κ˶ûмֵ
ڣôЩ֣۾̫ɾˣǳĺһ
ʣǵʲô𣿡
˹ҡͷٴظҡ
üģΪʲôʧ˻ôˣƢȫûġ
أ
ġ
بDD
˹գ밲˹һ׵ĵطͱһĹ֡
ӲŤͷ۵׶ǺɱĹޣЦ˵ûϵ㲻Ҫ
û˵꣬ͱһǽи߿ձļػΣŽ¡
ŻŻ
£Ҳ˷˵˵ȫһֻϵࡣ
˹վţƺûоԼ·ʲôر˾ţ۵ԽԽ˹۵ԽԽã
ˣȻûҼǺôÿءԶ󾪽гѽåȻ·̫ʧˣ
̤ǣε˭Ƿ񾭵ʱ򡣡
Թ˵˼ֻ뿴޵壬˵ģ˼ҲŲء
žDDžžžDD
˵꣬ͱѸٳ˼£ֻԾǸģȻɤ̲סᡣ
ϡޡǰ޴ҡѵİ𡫡
޵īֱӳ鵽ϣˣԼ۾˵ò绨Ҳȥ
˹
ʱͻȻҫ۵û취԰Ȼһġ
˹ЩãȻߴվŵ뿪ã˹ҵ𣿡
üһЦǵˣ
̤һͷϣȻӿռȡһ·ȥϣ֮˵
ϴ󣡴ϣ
ˬ붯ˣһʣ
˼ĴɤŸճֱ֣ӾͰ˸˶˳ȥɭɭ˵˵Ҿ͸ǵͷ
˵ţת뿪ɨߣӣϡ
庮ЩԴȻ棬ɨ۸˹庮򴽣˽硣
ѾȷϹżҶʮȫȦżҵʮļߣʮߣͬʱһһʮһߣĦ˹ͰͶڴ
żҵ֮ؿνǶ񼣰߰ߣֻǸ벻ǣǾȻȥֲֹ
Ҳ˸¡
޵ͷ㿪ڣȻһ
еվĺɳƸɬȴǶ˿˿ģޡ
޵ϸĿ޾ɵ˫ڣﲻ۲ۣϾͻؼҡ
Ще˶Щȣ̲ס˹޵ǵϡ
վ죬΢΢ţ˵ԶҺöûιҺòá
ᣬǶϲ԰ʱҪԡ


80 
ʱоˣһֺõ˵žǾĴˣ
޷Ӧܿ죬ָĿռϣһЦȫˣ
վ죬̫࣬ҵĺ
𣿡
ôеһУ庮ЩԣƨƨߵľͰĻ˹ޣпݵվ˵žŰԵ㣬õĿ찡
ιһźվŵľԺ˺ܶ࣬۾һգŶкллһܿġ
ȵֽеĶˣ
ûӣ庮Ҳ˳ȥҷǳء
վգգۣЩãȻĲ˵Ϲûɾ԰ӳȥˡ
Լϴ̫˵ˣ
£ȷʵܱ꣬ˡҸŶͿȥˡԼȻ·͹һƬһĶĿġ

⣿
С
һصӡ
ǲǻһҩôֹطУ
ߵĶͻȻһתĵɾֲĻŶ֪ô𣿡
Լ¼ĶųȻ󲻺˵ǸѪǿѪŶǳ𣿡
ŻDD
ͻȻŻ£ԭǿ¼ֲǸѪŵķҰޣٿɾҩֻöĵ
Ϣ
ûķ˸ۣŤ֫ߵǰվϣһ˵ƽػСͷһںģô䲻Ҽ˫ޡ
㡫ȻͷҲܰףҲƽء
ꡪDD
ΧһЦ⣬޵ҲЦӯӯĴŻеСˣʧõĸоѵ÷¡
վ۵׵ľţŴ۾ǵЦ⹴ţģȻȾѪ˫۾ôô⡣
үǶôүǣ
Ȼƽʱ欵ӣǣԲ˵Ůģ
վŰڰ֣һ˵ҶҶģ㡫ŮӶ˵ԼүǵģǲҪ䰡ôƯֻûضѣ㿴ҲûС
Ľұ㳤úÿô˵İɣߣҵǱȲ˵ģ
վ˵һ˵һƽûϵΪ㶼òˣҪԱ
ûԱ˵˵үүǣҪѵ·㿴𣡡
ŤŤǣ
Ҹ˲𣡡
˵ŮҲû
˵ҲŮˣ
ŤŤǣ

ꡪDD
ΧһȺЦ⣬ǶǱǵһμƿԣСѾͷǿɰ
뱧ڻﰡ

˵߶˹
Ȼ˵ᣬǶ˫ӣ᲻
վСǳɵ˵ллǰչŶ
庮۾ˣСѾͷԽԽɰллչӦõģӦõģ
۵׳Ⱥƻˣȫ˺ĸо
žš
վЩãȻᵽԵˮİ
˿̵İ˹Ѿ·ֻǻЩǱһ˫ɫůĶǣظҡ
ûо㣬Ǿߡ
߱ŻˣһԾվŵĻСһǵվſЦ
վѵʱ򣬹޲ŲʹأڿԱԼĿˣʱܿޣȻĵ׺ܣվŻڣá
˹տߵӣȵҡ
ûȡ
վ˵꣬˸߾ͿŹޣСĻ˯ȥȻϵ˺ˣǾǳˣҪϢ
׼˵˶Щʧ䣬СѾͷ˵˯˯
ϢȽҪվҲܲǡ
˹Դʪʪ࣬Լˡ
޼˯ˣкԼߣǣԽԽˣܣҪϹŶĥģ
ʲôʱ
Сϲҡ
ùȡ֣վһΣѳһ챻ˣߣ͵ţ
Ȼ룬ǹԹԵģϾǷõġ
һ뿪ãżɽߵĳǱֱӱƽأδֹһ
ܾ֮һѪܵ˳һűѪ͸һ˫ɱ¾ڵң뿪ķ
쿪Ϻϣòɳƻеĺһ֡
վţɰľžš



81 
վһ˯رڹ޵ĻֻС̡
޴ʼ˯һ˫Ӿһֱעǿһ
ԺһֱػǸ
ôסʱ඼Ǳ˿߽һԽԽľ־£࿪ʼѪηУһγԡ
ûһһһһжĻꡣңôĺӣȴƫƫӵ˵¶ȡ
޵ָ۽һ·»ɨЩ԰׵СһֱĴǣָⲻϵĦš
̲סһĨЦ⡣
Ļ䣬Ϊʢš

վૡ
üûڣߵָͱסյ¶ĶЩ
һһĦҧţһûһµɨָ⣬飬˹޵ġ
ЦſĶ࣬˵С𣿡
վǲ˶ߵˬ岻ֿһֱ֣ԼСȫһԴ˲ŵı۰̾ιжɰ
޲ЦϸϸЦߣ۵׶ǳ硣
ء
۵Ĺָ޵Ĵ˼֣վŵĴȻʡ
ֱ۽סЩζ
Ǳ壬ÿοܸоţ

ϳۣ۵׻⣬ҧţ΢ţϢıϢ䣬ջĶҩ
һ㣬һ㣬ʴ
˫۲ԾĻסϱ壬վŸɴຬסһɿ֮ԼҪѹͼ
޴ǹһĻȣ˳ѹԼϡ
˫۽ڻ˵һÿʱ򣬹ѹֲסͷĳ嶯ҪôһڳԵ
̽Ƚϰȫء
ھͳԵΣ
ͫ˵аȹ⻮ǣƲĦȻڣϸס
ſϵվţĽëͻȻ˲¶˫ԴЩãȻָǡ
޵ôˣ
˿ڣһ˵ĳֻСèҧġ
һ˵վŵָԼ죬ղҧĶ
СͻȻģɵ㶵Ŀָ⹴ǣ͵͵Ĵǡ
һվŴĿɵ㶵˵Ҷˣ
ұһЦɤƣָһÿһµĸĶ󣬡šСèֶأҧһΣҺ
ԭЩͨˣŹվһԾֱӾС˳ȥ
̲סЦЦڿ
⿴ڵϵЬӣ̾ϢôͻǸء
ΪʲôͻǸأ
վųܳź󣬵һҵߡ
ᣬò׿԰Ϣһ£Լ˳ΪԼ¹һҸֵģҴֿʼˡ
Ȼ壬ǻҪİôô
վź죬˵Ұ޵ҧˣܳġ
﷭˸ֻۣŹҧ
Ҳ֪ҴʲôǴӣҧҧˣЩеûá
ѲǺˣпܵġ
ôҴˣ
һϢ
žš
ĺÿ߶ԼҪһ̲ϵͳ̫ˡ
վתһɸɾľװԼǿϣվԴôô߰
ȫûԼ̫ˡ
ǿǿ̧ͷоҪϲ٣ԭԶû֣ڵǿĺ
˹ֿܿӵһͷɫĳ޷ֵ
ٺ䣬յĻȻͣȴǴźңɫ˫Ŀأ͸ŸɾᣬβȴȾ
ԭԲӡ
վźòá
˹ɾ۾Щʧ䣬ԸоϲԼԶԼ
ҡһǿ

վſ˻ߣĵĬĬ˵ǲɵˣҶ˵Ǿˡ
̧ͷ˿ͷɵˡ
䶼յˣɲɵ˸ϰ֣ƶΪ棡
˹ʧˣɫĳڵ˴գͻȻЩ
˹쳣֣ңҪ㡣
վСȾߡ
žš
˹ţֱӵסȥ·
˹ҲǸ߹𣬱ܣҲҪþҲҪҪҾžţ
һͨ˵ص㣬ɲϣһ񾭣ܽˣ۹˵սɲϣΪһû˵ɣ
ͻȻ赲˹ЩŰֱ۾ֱӽƿҪȥ
ˣ˵Ҳȥǲϲ㡣
˹򴽣ɢȴַɴ赲סˡ
ûϵÿ


82 
˹Ѿ֪ͨˣʱ㣬ʮСʱ֮˵Ĺ¾ͻܼ㡣ԣڻ˯һȽϺá
˵ţ뽫ΣʲôĶûãǷˣվϢһᣬһûڡ

˹ŭ̧֣ѵ׵ʹ˳бֱֱĴϡ
ֻǹϵ弼Ƕڰ˹弶ߵ˵Ƕ㲻
Լ˵ֱۣŭģ㲻𣡡
˹ҲЩãȻĿԼֻ֣Ƭ̣˹ͱվŵķȥˡ
һ߳Цӯӯģζȥȥˣ˵кϷ
üԼֱۺɫ㲻ϲվš
ǣһ֪ðˣΪʲôҪϲЦ£Լͷ۵״񣬡ҡ
ƾʲôһͱϲЦӻü˿˫˸ңҲϲ
ƲƲ죬ЩŤ˵ҲŲϲ޶ûңѾͷžͷ
㻹Сʱޣɲǲ㣬Ҳֻ㡣
ˣ
Ųûڣ͵˯͵ϴ裬ų㶼ܴӵ۶׷ȥ㱻򵽴󣡡
Щʧ䣬̵ȾˮίˣҧŴ˵ΪʲôͲϲң
ǣˣװʹװû·񾭣
Уû
ˣ˰ɣɰСžűˣ˵˱ŹȥԵѵˡ
ҿɲţŮˣûһŵù
˵⻰۵׶ݵı䣬򴽣ò˵˺ޣԺ֪
ѵҪһΣһŮѾʧȥô࣡һΣһУ
˦뿪˶ơ
ҡͷҲǴСͱԭڹ޵ĸֻǰ£һŮҵġ
ǸŮҲܵ˸еĳͷʧȥ˶˵һҪĶ
ת뿪˳ŷ򣬲²վȥλãȴϽĵطһȺĿٽŴ󺺡
žſ￴һֺϡе
Ǹʲôźð㿴޺˺ÿ𣿾ġ
źãһֵצӣץļ

һ֣ŸֹϡеĶע
վŹɵڼ䣬һЩɰĶͯ˯£ӵĺڷɵСɵĶӤʵС΢ϲЦݣﻹԲߡ
Ϊ̫ߵԵʣվûдЬС̲סػζģɰӨ׵ָͷŶɰ
֮ǣ˿̵վޣԣֻźڱʯһĴ۾ͿȺûʶĺӡ
ղŻš
庮ҲϢࡣ
ѵΪûдԵԭȺǶѾˣһԺŮʲôģ⻹ˣ
뵽⣬庮ˡ
ȺսֱӱôǷˣ
첲ļһ˵˰
庮ȴγīˣΪϲ
˿ȵվȴͷ²ۣߵ˵Ⱥǲ⣿
ߵĶ۵ž⣬ֻվţǵĶҸ䰡һȺįֹ¶ĿʱҪֽοʱ
˵ʲô
ˡ
˵߰Ǻܴ˵ʲôŪŪǿľͺá
ڲѾЦúɵһˡ
㶼һֱû˵
ҵȻɵ˵
ԴӰϢԼҵԽԽѸˡ
վһ죬׼ߡ
ʱͻȻŵһ㣬ر㡣վŵСᰡᣬȻɵһ˫۾Դ

һĿ㣬ȥʱץģץҺ
ʱֻźǵˣûץûٱڣΪ˱ͰץļȫԵ
ʣһ
ΪվţԾ˹
սͱһѵ߽ĶţЩ˼ˡ
˳߿ȥͿ۾ͺһҫĴ۾һվš
ȵŴ죬ԭģ϶ǶİѪȣӣеһֱСʹ
վŶ¶һЦ죬˿˿Ļţá
ɵǺǵİ֣žźá


83 
վ֣鶯Ĵ۾Сָ˴ԼСһʣȲ
һͷ൱ϵĸͣȡ
СôȣǶѾǶûôȵֽˣ
ں˲˲𰡣
һǿǣôɰСǵӲİ
صǣԼҵģ
ϴģҲԼҵģ
ЩȫӰ첻Ǽİ
վŶ˦˸ۣǶԸȴһֱЦţŴ۾Ľëһһһ£ĺ
ǴõʳԸҳ𣿡
Կԡ
á
ĵ˹ȥȻվŶһЦȻûȻˡ
õʳ˲䣬վŵСָԭӣŹɵЦֻĿԣȫˡ
Ц
Ȼѧ
ӣ
ð
Ҳ̲סЦ˳ֻ첻ѾͷĿɰ̶ˡ
ǵ²Ĵģã˭㲻ҳԣ
ǣƵСС;ѧˣԺ󻹵ˣ
վŹӣƤգգۣ޹˵ôòˣ㾹Ȼ˵ˡ
ƣã
վһƲ۾ʪգţĿ磬ǻˡ۸ҡ
۸ˡ
ǣһ߶ǣھȥץ
԰԰Ҳȥ
ŶԼȥȥ
ͻȻˣ
ģƫƫǱǼϴɡ
˸ЦӲתųգαϵˣֻǿŵ˫ɰЬЩ̲סЦ
ַһǶͯЬĿʽò̫ʺϳڹϡ
۵׳ΪվһһĻ䡣
ޡ
վһҲˣֱӾӣûأͱһ޴ҶסˣȻһֱ͵˹޵Ļ
Ьӣ˳СѾɹһѲޡ
һЦеǷ飬СŻ𣿡
վſ޺󣬶Ȥֱ½Щѳԡ
ˣԼյһαղôϲӰ
°͵վŵļϣɭɭĶŸǵĻȶΣյģƬƬᵽȥץЩԺòã
ţá࣡
ڿռվɨеĽӣ̫ϲˡ
ǣ
ǵȴǾģƫƫ
Ǵ￴޺õģϹɣ޵еӣһͱ̴ˣ
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ǵǻˣǣҲǵͷӣ
վŹɵͷ˵
ܵʵ˺ˣ
ɹڶǱڡв޿ˣ׼վ뿪
˳Ⱥ˶͵̫ȥץ㡣
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庮ȹ޸ڣҷǳĺڣҲðŷס񾭵Ĺˡ
Ϊոշһص⡣
Ħ˹Ͱ˵żһëǮû֣
ⲻ
żҿ֮سı˱ڷĶһӶû֣
庮ЩץһλҪѪģԭΪܴżõʲôȴһӶûУ
ԽĵԽأ̲סץԴȫӵ˾⣬˾һŭ𣺡ǲ˭Ѷ˽ռˣ
ǰûټȻֵĺǳء
һȺЩͷԡ
ֻĿ죬źۼ壬װʲôû
庮һܺӡļҳȻװݣѾڳ̼ˣ庮һɨţ˫ۣҪ˶
İ
վ㶿ڣҪ𣿡
庮ȻţվŵʱȴرᣬȫǳһĴȰֻ˵ĻȴವģȻûҵĴѳ
װľžţǷǳҪûǣ޾ͻᴩסãܶ˵Ҫ𣿡
վŵƯӶ챻ɳˣȻץ߷ҡɤἫˣߣ³
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84 
վֵˡ
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DDžţ֣
ԭһ࣬һ֮嶼ھУֱǹҪرȫͣЦ⡣
վһȻ򣬡ԭҲ
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ŭֱӾһΧ˶һ顣
Цͱˣһűըͷһš
ķ˺ñ꣡
߰ķ˸ۣǹõģΪǺ۸
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Ϊʲôñ
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Ǻǡҽ͡
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庮۾ɳˣɵЦţűļʻңĸо
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СצӶ԰ԣվˣԣǶȴӽĶŹޣҧгݵ˵ѾȻң˽Լǿҵ
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85 
ͻȻήҲ񣬹۵ĹһסС°ֵ̧ͣ˵Լգϲ

ңҾͿġ
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޴һ̧ЩɬָԼĴ˵ǡСòã
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ɵѾͷʲôء
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԰Ǿסһ𣡻˯һ޻ұңһϴ裡ǴСãʶ죬ȵ𣡡
վҧŴ꣬ҧţ۾ǿĿޣƫִĿ
޳ϣҲ϶


86 
һԵߣվȻĻСֱӾʹ˳ȥٶȼ죬ͷûлأ
˲䣬޵ֲܾ˲䴥ֻӸոմͱǿӲסԼܣް˲ӿǿѹ˹޵ܣֲϵʧ
ǰϵպÿֲϵԳ׷סֲϵҪĿ
ȻֻƬ̵ѹƣҲȫˣվѾ˳ȥ
۵װӿɫ
ѹס֣ܴԪغֱӴֱϣ˺ѹѹһƬĿȱѪⶼֻһƬƾʧһ
סԼֱۣ۵ȫʹͲš
ȻΪһʶˣ
ĺڣ۵ȫǱŰݣӳŭ⡣

һ£ǻЩζô޵һ߿Լ
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庮ɫĶѾδᣬȴ룬Ȼʰ
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޻ĴӲóһЩɵĿռֱۣһѣѪ
һЦǡ
˴˿̵ȫҰ



87 
վűԼ壬ţŷɴգ۵Щն
Щģǣȴ֪οڡ
ոܳʱվôѹἸˣﲻסš
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ģһģû˿Էֿǣǰ޹˭Ҳš
վȻֶ𣬼ѽϹˣ
ͻȻԼ׵ĵߣ
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û㡣
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ȻǵվŽʱһһϵͳǺ棬ƺΪ˿ԭͻȻһֱӾֹͣȴġ
ź÷ʣô󣬺úóԵӡͷϵʲô

ߺվŶӡ
Ưûʲôá
߽ɨΣǽһԣģ㣡
ųԵĸãҸղ˺ôһʯȥ̫˷ˣ
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88 
޵ԥ£Ȼ죬һֱȫԵȴվۼֿÿһߵĿʲôʮһ
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ƺǵһΡ


89 
֮ǰǸŮ˺Ҳû̶ȣǶ಻ᱻ˶ѣҲᱻӰ쾫ȴʱΧĽӴ
庮ɨ۵״ɻѯʡ
ҡͷԭ͹ֻǵʱƺȫûмֻΪǹ޵ռǿվŶѡ
̲סʣûвͷ۰䰡ʲôģ
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˿ڣ۵˵ĵԳأǻܣ
š

ǳ˳飬ʵôôֱӣûѿˣ
վ룬ĬĬ˵弶нףһܿģźñޡ
еԲѵˣ
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ǣƺҲȫܿ޵˺Ѳɻʲôر֮
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Ϊʲôûв
վɻʣΪʲôҪ
Ƶ˵Ǿͻ᲻̤弶߽ףҲܳõĺһ𣬻᲻
˵庮˶ٶЩʣѹԴڿǰϵڿ󲻶࣬˾ͲС
޿ƻãǵӰ첻ֻҪʱ֫ӴǵӰ춼ӣӳ粻ܿˣǻ治һܡ
˯һ𡭡
Ǻգٴųھһվˡ
˵СʱĹ޻ͦϡģȻҲ⺢ӵ޳Щмܲס

㲻»˾ɰ
庮ǣԼˣⶼ뵽ȥˡ
ǿо⺢ӵԹ
ò׺޵ûˣֻ뿪˼£˸޷ȡˡ
ƣг赽׵ӡ
̾˿ֻϣǵĵĶǶġ
һΪ˹޿ĶηΣյĺӣӦΪɡ
վ˫۾ƭ˵ģϲޡ

庮ŵʱ߾һֱվŵϣܿ죬޵߾Ͷңɭɭɲ
ƿߣ庮ɤӣ㿪ڣǹֱӴ뿪ˡ
뿪ˣ
û
ҧŴ̵ﾡģǹ˼ǿ£ܱǸ
庮ҡͷеĿռۣ۵׳ǳ£뷨ˣ޷иɶѡ
ҧŭô㶪ǣ
̤תĿۣῪڡ
Ҳֹһθ߹㣬£͸µӣĶ롣
߬ȭͷ̧Ц
дңҪҵף˵ٳκˣ˿ʲôһ֪ĶҪȫעƾʲô
ɨΧĬˣˣĸȻģҪʲôǿʲôÿһβǽһοǡ
УҪʲôʲôϵǰҲͰˣôȥóЩˡ
ǽڣ˫ڶϾĮ
ռǿΪСͱƫԭһԶΪԿߵ˶ʼزһ
Ҳֻһֻ۱һֻ۰ˣϾԭˣ⡣վŲһһβˣôһȫ롣
۵Ĺ֪ʲôġ
󣡡ŭԪطֱӴϡ
󹴴ɨ˿ڣ̧־ΪԼˡ
޵ʴȵʱֻǲ⣬ݡ
ң
⣿Լ⣬ΪʲôҪ㣿
庮俪ڣĴ򿪿ռۣĶó
ϤĶ˸ӳĬˣ۵׶Ǹӡ
оƬСţݣ׷ʱԸĶ
֮У˱ųޣ˱ŲʹȥɣǶڹȥ޷ͻ
ӵеݣǹ޸ǵģһǽݣһڣӼֵݡ
ڣҪǡ
ɶûС


90 
庮ÿˣǹ޼ģȻģ˵ˣÿһ֮٣Ϊˡ

ĿһǴĶֻѡ
ԴΪӰ죬ЩݣǣҲֻһЩѡ
ûаȫеʱϲĸо
һƽԼоƬ䣬۵ͨ죬ŭʲôҪҪ붪ͶĶ𣡡
庮ű䣬ڵϵоƬ˵ˣΪ㣬ʮˣӻⱼʮˣЩ޹ڸλˣΪ򵥡
Ƕ˲ˡ𣿻˶Բˣ
ҡ
㽫˹˽ԷųȥվţΪ֮ȥֹ޹
庮̾ǳʧ
Ӧ֪˹ΪˣŻ𣿱ƶԲԣ㰲˹ʧȥ䣬Ϊƫִ壬һ϶ΪԼĶմȾ˵ζˡ
㣬ǲǶվйɱģ
ӣǿЦЦûôʲô̫ˡ
庮ҡͷվŵ⣬ȴƫƫš
˿Χһѹֳصˣɢɨ庮ļϣֹĻ
Ϊ޵ԭӦദʱģ庮Ρ
ĬƬ̣˵ǣ𣿡
ĬȻÿһ۵׶ڴһ򻰶ĸǵ¶Ϣš
޲Ҫܶ޵޺˺ץȥ¡
ͻȻЩɣŵΪĻ޶ЩɣҲֻƬ̡
ü
ʼ磬˵ĺò⣬֮˳㻹૵˵СžŻԴ֮󣬻̹ˡ
庮죬ˣ
šСžŲ֪ôģҪǮأĺˡ˵ţֻ˻
̤һԥ˵Ҽǵ̫أ񾭺;Ҳλʱ߼ϵûκã֮Ҳ֫ûãûãôͻȻˣ
ü޹ֵַֹ֣֪òˣ޻Ҫ죬ҾǺˡ
ת׼뿪ƺúǶԣߣǱ¶˸޷Цݡ
˵ʱҲ룬̫ˡ
̲ס̵ǣ󣬴δ˵̫ˣǧˣɴûһͺõӡ
ǼʵҽѾչǰδеĸ߶ȣͨˣֻҪǴԻڵĿƼԸ壬Ҳ֫Щʲô
ǣһȴһֱ޽Ĵڡ
ǾǾ硣
֪ңԶĹŵиǶھоﵽǰδеĸ߶ȣڵĻżѾԭӡ
ȻһЩ弼͹ǳ֮⣬Щǽҽѧʧʱ
һʹǺ;йصƣˡ
˿޸һ̫ؾҪʱȥһ㻻ͨûʲôǶЩڻڵһߵľ˵ȴʵʵڵв
ܶ˶ۣ֮ҲҪÿÿҹʹĥ
Ƽķչ޵Ŀܣǣȴûþԡ
ǻ㣬ǿƱĴڡ
Ϊ㿴ˣе˶ǲŵģҲ˵ôĮ
ЦЩĴ˸Ժ˵˰ˣžͲţǻŵģܰǵĿѾˣܲ£Ϳܲץˡ
ߺ庮
˵߶ϰԷ庮Ϻ庮˺һ˵Ǿץȥɣ޷Ҳһˣû׼ˣԲ
˵ĺòΣһأ
ǵСղžͺίܣǹǲҿޣᣬᶼ۾תˡ
̤뿪һأ
˼ĬʵҲԡȫûһԣ뵱Ȼѡһԡ
һţṳ̆裡Ҳ𣡡
̤ͷɫŭˣ۵״ΣȴĮΪÿֻҪˣɵˡ
̤裡ŭĽ£ֺֻͻϣҲ׼ȥ
̤̾쳣Ρ
иʱʱ̶̿ӵˣǺ²ԶҪůӵˣѵÿ𣿡
ҡ
˵ģվôЩʹֵǣͿԺˡ
֣ƺûҪֱӷվš


91 
Ǳס˿ߣ΢΢ģþòŴҧ۵׾Ǻ⡣
ҲǸŮأǸŮ˲޵֮ģʮ鶼ı䲻µΪһ䲻ģͲϼѹܾεΪһϲͲѵ۹͸ˣʲôʲô
վŲ
ȥϾǱˬ̫˾ûԶһ޷ӡ
ôȷ㱻Իҩּƾʲô޳衭
žDD
۵ɺ죬ŭִң
Ŵ۵ȫЦ⣬ǲݣûйޣʲôǣƾʲôлһһȥģ
Ϊã
󻺻˫ۣԺССĹޣǳõĳĬ۵׿նĿűദڿƲסʱŶҳ
ֻؿڣܾãǣܿĻᶼǹ޸ġ
ǸʮĺӣĳһսһɱδΪһССʯͷǴһּٳֵϵ޺ˣůޱȡ
ܾů͡
һ˪㲻ˡ
ǵʱΪĶԻ
ȻǶֲǴΪӣ̲סƫƫܿ
ɬһЦع䣬һ˫Ϊõ˺ɣ
˵ˣΪã
ܸʲô
ҶͻȻȻȻһ˵ԷɣòſڣֻҪҪģҶǽǮȨҶԡ
ЦҪҪ㣿
ЩǱȭͷա
׻ЩܲסڵĳأץץԴϵĺ췢Ƶ߲ߣѵϴǷȽǰ𣡷񾭵ϴرѸòã
ǵ·Ű˵ǰߣ볳ȥɻˣ
庮ͻȻƻһЦָ°ͣ񾭵еѸˣ⻹ǽžźˣǸ㶨Ǹ㶨񾭲ͺˣ
ԶԵˣ
ͻȻһǵЩףô죬
庮üЦô棬ֺһ㰡ԽԽãΪ˲ϳţֵǣͰ
˵꣬ûڣ庮ãÿ˽ŵ¶һڶȻ뱻˳ȥ
˳ȥ
˳ǣЩѧˡ
庮ʼ磬ڲϣòĿ߼ʮܻףܵӳϾʵ⺢ӿ൱ԡ
û취ȺɵС̫ˣӶģܴҲŲææ͸̰һ
֪뷨žͿԴˡ
ҵǲ¡˶٣庮ЦЦϵºʧȫһӣİɡ
û뵽ͻȻ˵𣬶»ͷ޴ӦǣԽЩ˳ŵ˵ѾԷˡ
庮ؿαĬһᣬ۵Ƭ̵ɫЩ
Щ˿ǺòײŻ㼯ģ޵ĳûǿɶǺõĵôܶ
ˣŲмɡȻһʼֻǶѣôȥϲ˵ܶǵˡ
庮ʧЦĹô
ļ򣬡֪㵣ڲͦõģˡ
庮죬ҡͷֹҲֹˡ
һ
Ůĺ벻𣬰Ȼƫ˵㣬ĵҲҵĵģҡһֱĮȥ
סһʱԡ
Ƭ̺򴽣˵˽֮ͻ֪ģΪ˵Ϊҡ
ǸŮˡǲͬ˽𣿡
ǸŮҲûЦ𣿡
庮Щ鴤⣬ôͻȻϲС
̲סˬһЦҼֹһΣǶվţÿһΰ޵۾ﶼŶĿĹ⣬Ҵû
һμʱΪۻǺ֣޲Ǹˡ
˵ޱ棬Լĸն͵͵¼µӰȻǶƫ˺ܶ࣬ǲɷϣĹޣ۵׶ϸᣬҲԼ֡
庮۵Щ죬ĵЩᣬûڵӡ
ÿڣֻȴ뺮Ĳ񻰡
վųµʱվˣΪտֱӾܾҵļ顣ԭÿΰʱô̵˶ֹסĲ۵׵ʹôȴվˡ
԰վʲôݣҲֻߡ


92 
庮ͷȻҲǴ⡣
ֻ˰庮ЩֵֹĿվźܲİɣĽǲ͵͵װʲô
̲סץץԴЦͻȻЩ顣
ȿȣʵǰǿˣժҪ޵Ļ򡭡
޵ĻүǿƷˣȡ
֪
庮̫Ѩ˵޴Ӧȥ۶ѧν̡
ɻ󣬡ɶϵ𣿡
񾭲ߵվѾͷһȥϴŵǸôҡⲻǸˣвĹ񱣡
庮ŭΪֵ̰θˣнվܲûôףȫߵĴڣҲģĹ޵󰡣
Сż˵˵վŵˣĸʲô˸ۣƲƲ죬ôˣ￴˵ڰ˷أҿǰæҵȥҪȥŶԡ
庮ͻȻЩ׺䵽ĸо֪ĵط޵׶ʲôĸӪѵַӰܻ
˿ڵĵĹڴϣűŵվš
޵ֱļͷָĲ˼ϵ۵׳顣
ΪʲôҪ
Һ㡣
վŵĻù޵ֶ£һᣬ޿˫˵֪Σ𣿡
ҿӦԡ
˵ֲֻѣĻӦ¡
򴽣ɤȾ˪ˡ
վ̲˲ļͷ˫ĲӣһЦû
޲ס°ͣǿ뿪Լһ˫۵ףɫѪп簵ҹβȾűѩֽ͹𣬹Զûֵôƽ
Ϣ˳ĻԱ䣬˻´أ㵱Լʲôվţȳӻ
ôȡ
վŵĴ۾һУ죬ԼƷףŹޣüʱ򣬶ģվͷһɨġ
۽Ƭ̵ɫ̫ѨʼղСڹ
ãܺã
߲˽Դ˽ȻֽЩ߰Ķ
ԭ˵ĹȥСԺֻ޷죡ѹ㣬ھκβ
վŽëֲ˼£ôУȻܸо޵ŭ
ӿһתѲãô죿С裿ѧżֱӵϷֱѹǾûװ
Ķ̫࣬վͻȻЩãȻܸоӦ޵İ취̫ˣһʱеѡ֢ˡ
˿Թ񷢴վţĵŭ𣺡ӣˣ
ڷĬĬ͵Ȼˤ˵ϣЩĸЦ
ǸˣҾû͵͵ҷģ
ͻȻ޻˵Ĺޣ
ĬһᣬǱû˻Ӧ߸ˣͶŽǣҶˡ
Ѳô
Ҫ밡Ҹֵûˣ

߽Դϣ۲סţģȷԼİΣûк棡
ںǳİȴûаӡ
վţ
Ȼһŭ֮ſվŵĽС屻˳
Ȼ󡭡
žDD
űϡ
ǰֳһӰվš
߳ǣСצ˴žţɶˣ޺
վŶڽ䣬ڵϻȦȦЩ޹˵Ҿǰ·ˣǲ˵Ҫѹȥѹȥ˰ôˣ

ΪʲôͲء
վų£ЩƵ˵·ҰڴͷϣȻ׼ɶʱ򣬾ͱӳˡ
߲ûˣվⶼ˵ʲôҰѹ޸ڴϣ
ᣬңҲ㣡
ֲùͻȻɱĳ嶯ԭֵ¼ܣĺûϵ
ֻѧ
Ѳɲѧɲ
ΪʲôÿһζҪϣ
޹ģ
һһϵͳֻСޣ⡣
Ĺ˶ڰϢ֡
ղǸСȻҰҾȻóƤޣ
ⶼǴѧģ
Щĵ˶Դʲô
ͻȻ޵һݣβɫɢһĴǣૣ˵Ĺǡ
СѧĿ죬ԺһҪȫһףƤ޵ʲôġ
޵߳Żɬĳ嶯ʢţָЩ궯ĸű޴򴦵ĺΣҧҧ
Ҫ󡭡
ͻȻ޵βȫȾ죬۵ĹԽԽ࣬忪ʼʣԴվŹ˼κЩƲס
ʮꡭ
޺룬ǵһһҪѹŲУվ̫СˣŲסǸСС塭
ѵҪţ
ǣôܡ
ŲίԼһҪԸĨ̳븹һһ飡
ֻʮꡭ
òʵֿʼš
ָ̧ǹĴǣĬĬɧֱӰ


93 
ۿۡDD
˺һվе㽹ǵţǣû
Ϊ˿̵İޣ۽ֿʼΪȫֹסĺ˼롣
߳ǣĬĬ˵žţŸˣ
վԹĲдŵĻȥȫ̲ס궯Ұô
հ޸ѣûɶ˵꣬Ȼһ䣬˵žţˡ
ȥվŸղһҲ˳ʱʧ٣ղŵƫִҲɢȥ¶ӡ
αװʲôļֱ
Դվſȵľͷ
˹ֵʱվɻϵǿһ֣ϴμ治˼Сʱѣôôָıˣ
žš
Ἣˣ˵
һɤܲˣ죬Լƫƫòˣ
վŵͷòˣá
˹ɫͫʧ䣬վԶûǰ
ҽа˹
վŵͷ֪
ҡҡ

վŵצ̲סߵи񾭲ظһ仰ô죿
վųĬ˹ȭͷ΢΢սߴǰһ۾ĿѹͷķŭʣΪʲôϲң㶼ңΪʲôϲң
ϲޣϲ㡣վһǳʵĺӡ
ΪʲôҪң
˹ŭһȭվԵǽϣǼΪĲʣǻǱѷ졣
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˹ֿһվźһȴպñǽڼ䣬һ죬˹Щλ߲еѹ
ңҪҸ𡣡
վŵɫǺܺá˵ļΪ㣬һֱǿҪܵ£Ѿ˵ʱǿȵģ
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վ˵棬ȴҲ˰˹ֱ̧𣬾վŵ
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޹ġ
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ҷҾͷţǺûӣ
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ҾʲôϵأҾϲҧ𣿡
˹ɫѿվŴ׿Լϵķǳ档
ԴҲϢ۾գգҧŴĿŹޣĻȻԭǲʺٰ
̲סЦ޳ָⵯĶͷɵѾͷ
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վųĽëٵĲ£˫ס޵죬ͷĴǣ˵Ըͷ
ڴһЦԴ
߷ⶼʲôʲôѵǴеʱΪʲôۺݰ
ѵ񾭲ͬʱˣ
ȷ񾭻ֲ
˿̡
˹ɫЩɺѪ˿߳õĶվűǹĴϣϱĵԪرֱӳ
ֱӷĵиȴڹ淶Ϊ侲
ҪôŰң
üʧ䣬˹һᰡһԵȻӣͺжܱһ
ԭҲˣĵﶼмֵҲΪܳΪ׼ʴ
Ͼһ̶ǰ


94 
վŵС󸽶Ҫ㣬뿪㣬С˵ô죿ţ
վ˲Ծ෢Ķ䣬ԴüŰ˹˫۽ޱڻ˵
ͺķ
ҪҰ𣿡
޸˵ֱ꣬ӴڣˣžŰǰץ˺ܶ࣬зǳĶ
˵߿ĵƣ˹һôɶʱһУһ궿ˣɲ澡ˣ
վĿ۵ŵ𣬽Դ˹޵ľ
ǣᣬˣ
ѵһǸҲ̶õζôЩ컹ǵã
ΪʲôҲԼĶҲ̶á
ŵĿţȰ˹˺ܶ࣬ȴȫûм٣ǿһ֡
˹ͻȻ̧ץסԼĶͷɫͫʹ࣬ȴĶŹޡ
̫Ϥˣǰ˹ζ벻ȥȴ϶ϵ
ϵ㡣
š
˹ܣǴԵĿհȴòΪôȻȻټ˷ʱ䡣
ǡ
˵վš
ǵ
Ǹ㱼䷢ͼϵľ壬һǸɾ׵ߡ
Ȼֻһ£޷˹ȥѹһۼסˣǵôǣǾԼһ˵һ䣡
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ֻġ
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˹־ڱصõĿˣ޵ϢȻԽԽѹ֡
޽ǵЦἫˣ庮Ǳ
󣬰һθݣ˳㽫ĻԼĽףϾԼִտǺܽأôҲܵ˰˹£𣿼Ȼ֪ȫ
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ǣô˵Ѳɽڵ˵ɰ׵ģ庮Ƚа
庮£͸͸Ƴ۹ޣвеֲš
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˵ϹʲôģҲϰˣλүڣܱһֱ
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Ϊ˵Ҿͻֻ㣬Űҡ
˹Щģֻκˣ޷ţ
ûм䣬ֻòֻŮΪԼģΪȹ
žš
Ʈ죬⣬촦ѻվŵ
߶˶ˣһĶ񾭲ãֱ⧲
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˵ǸոյõһͷϧޣӺܺóԵӣСһϲԡ
ٴһ庮۾ͳһ飬庮װû
庮һĮĿ˿ʲôĲң
óĬĺ󣬰˹ɫ԰ףĵ׵Ŀն쳣վţվȴһûԼ
ֻĿŹޣƺ񣬲֪Щʲôһ˫۾Źޣƫơ
еӣҪ
ʱһһţ˹ȴȫûҪߵ뷨ߴվڲԶһ˫Ŀվš
޵ķվŵϣվűһ̧֣ССƸֱϣ۾˸ŻڴĹ⣬ʣҿԵ޵δ𣿡
üû˵
˹ȭͷյ졣
վż˵Щʧ䣬Ƭ̾־Ϊ˰ղŶѾԹһˣһҲܺð
˵
ǸʱĹ˵ԸС
֫Ĺޣźڵչ֣µЩ
΢βȾϼ죬ѻɫĽëϵĲīͫʣУҧյȴ˼ˡ
һûסСƤ޾ͳȥ
Ȼ󡭡
ͱ˳
վŵĴ۾ʼ˵޵ʱɫģְֺްӦϲİɣǰӦΪ߰ɣ
ڱԴļͷһɣһǻţ˼ɣ
һڵ˵
۾Ȼһվ˵ޣǲǺϲҰڴ


95 
վ̧ףЩ˷ܣȫѿڶ۽Ѭ죬ֱӾס°ȥݵķʽס졣
۵׾ǰգСղɬ˵ĿɰģȻΪ뵽˸ղţ
ſͣССǶ庮˵ڴϣǲʲô¡
庮ͷŽż⣬ȫͲ
˴庮˵ûİɣ㵹˵˵
Ϊʲô˲оԴ䵽˽ż⡭
ӲԴС飬ͿһվţһԼĹޡ
᲻ɱڣ
ӵ롣
ͻȻ
DD
޴ĵһȻͿһİ˹۵飬ƼȫǱŵԪء
ǰ赲סŵķü
庮Ǹɴֱ࣬Ӿ͵ܣֱӴߵϣƬ̺󣬰˹Ȼȥ
ǣ庮һȫû鰡ֱӴϵģ˹͸޷ӦԼһξ͸ɹˡ
̲ס²ۣҲ°ô
ǽ󰡽󰡣
庮ȣҲأܱȹ޳ǿǿԪأƬ̹ʲô̶Ȳܷйɡ
ǣ˹۵ʢȾаȣǲõ˵һءһû桭
û˵꣬վֱס޵Ĵȥ޵彩סĸоĳȣԼ¶ȫͬ
СԽԽҪ˺ˣģ
ȣǱȿŵġ
ǹɬķӦǣһξЦһΰ
ţˣ
񾭲͵Ҹ
ĻԷַ죡
ĸ첲§庮ļǿЦ£򲻶ϵʶš
庮˵ͱȽˣٱû鴤ǡ
˼ϵСκ嶼ζƲ
Сÿÿ붼ڸϲ
ȷվŹɺ󣬹޲ɿΪϢ΢ŵĺӣ۵׳˳ָĦš
庮ĬĬ˺һԶ˻ɵЦ
Ӧò쵽˰ɣ
ͻȻڣûף庮ʱܿػһСʱҡ
βһǹ𣬡ҪʲôЩֻҪǸյͷޡ
庮ǳ˳飬˵ޣ̤֮ǰȥģӶҪʮڡȻǻҳ棬Ҫƺǻ̰ɭҵˣȿȣѣе㲻
ͦãȻѣȻÿҸպҼСšθ޵˵վŵıǼ⣬һЦǲСţԺóԵ𣿡
վżͻȻԼ˵۾һ
ƺˣôҪȫ˳ŹޣȻҪԼôҪ
ԣҪһеҪ
ôһ룬վźŹɵЦɤ˵롫
˵ĺгУôޣѾҪž˲˷ѣ
޳գվźͷ΢΢ĦһЦɤ͸ŵڸǲסĳ磬ҼС󣬶ԲСţ
վҡͷһ󡣡
۽Ⱦ˺󣬳Ľëڵ۵ϸɫֻ̧ۣͫʣˮһ
𣿡
Ȼģ
վ˵൱ɴࡣ
߸׷ȫҪ˳赽޷죬˶ҪˣֻܹԹԵߡ
ȻҲӲء

Եأһŵޣˮᡣ
֪վʲôʱףȫס
ĥȥߣȫֻ뱨ޣԽ뷢ʲôԽҪٳɣ
ԽȨվŵȨԽǲã
վΪʧƫȥһĹ
ĵľǣÿΪվŵĵϷץѾ޿̣ƫƫҪǿװ
ôôģ
ߵĿǣվŵľȮָȥ˵

ȫ֪ڰվơ
վӱͲãΪߣվȫ˵·ϣȫͣ
˵ף˭˭˵ء
Խ˵վţһ͵֣ڱĬĬĸվһĴָ
վŵƤգգۣòġ
üͻȻĵվţ˫ֻʣӰӣԼȥ
ĬĬĴߣ⹷ģֱҪϹĽࡣ
ƳƳ󣬾ǲҪˣСʣ㲻Ҫɣ
庮ʼ磬ɨŵˣЦ˵ֵΪͷ޿ûˣԭ;еûֱ׬͸ˣ
زū
ұϾҪһӲǣҪ㻨ǮĻңһлʡǮ
ҧյҲżӣҪιžʮô˵
庮Ŀ˿վţĬĬͷҲú䡣
һ㻨Ǯֻʮ󣺡


96 
˺ò׽ץ˻ȴûһ˸ǰһվڲԶվź͹ޡ
˶߷̤ϣǰˣ۵׻ԹֱƲߣ嶼Ϣ
̤ΣռƯ޺ȫװһƯĹ
ɫӣǹŵõ飬װһʱرĺÿ
վſʱ򣬴۾գţܺ棬߾̤裬ӹ޵߿ȥվں̤ӡ
̤ȻҲǿˣԥ֮󣬻ǰ
Ȼ߷ϣǿֹĲ
ƿסվŵԴֱӽԼؿϣ֣˵ҡ
̤轩ӲŽݹȥȻ͸ɰͰ͵վԭء
޿˿۵ЩЩûʲôϲÿԵġ
վŵСһֱ棬Ĳˣ˿ȣĬĬתһ򣬲ǿԼ
͸㡣
ƿվŵĻ۽ѸٵķϼȾЩ˵ĸо
վһѱסȻŹޣã
޵ͷ
һԱͷԹ͵ĺ
񾭲ȻһİǵĶͳȥˣ
һĲ鲻Ը;ˣôǺӰ
á
ҼȻ͸ССǲӦñʾʾţ
ȻһضʧɫľݾվŵͫͣӡŹ޵ȫƲߡ
˼˳죬ǸҪ񾭲Ǻ޳ܣվֲϹģ￴ڵôߡ
Сǲϲ𣿡
΢΢ǹЩ΢ĻȣģϢһһµΧվŵĴԿʼٵĿհ
۵׻һ˿Ц⣬ֻίһСĲϲ
ϲ
ȻվȻܲ˹ĵģȻᶯӡ
ߴĵСŲǿϲҲûϵ
վֱѧӣֿסĺԣһ¾ͽԴѹ£ԵˣķӦֱһǸ
ȵϢϢ˿˿Ƽ顣
ʵʵһˣ
ѾˣҲһ㣬ĬĬƶһλãպÿԿ޷۽ǡ
Ⱦ죬ëΡΡģƺҪܾվŵǿƣֱ̧ؿڲϵš
ԽǶţվԽǲſһȥ£޵ԵЩܻӭˡ
񾭲ǺˣװİɣһװģǰٶֵӣƲẦߣϹĲŻǺˣ
ޣҪң𲻺˼
վһڣ˲ûһѪ꣬ȻϹģվţ
վţٿޣܾݵˡ
޲ҪװһˣҪһƵˡ
ҲΪǼ񾭲ˣһַӿԽһˣȴеϸһϡ
һһͶ·ӡ
ɾ͸ѵû
ѲϷ
ҡ
վŶԴ˵̶ȥǣʹģܿɹƭѾͷһۺ
صǣվŻһһ˫۾ϸĹ⣬ȫɨһ飬ڳЦǵĵ̣
أأ
ѾʲôûɣСѾͷĻǾûˡ
ԡ
ףվŵϲ񾭲һʵʵҲŵ㰡
֪ĻŻܿͳһսߣΪҲôã
˵ģ췢ˣ۵΢վſʱֱӴգվû׵
վЩˣһȺ˵Ǿôϲ𣿡
΢ֱͦͦվֱˡ
Ϊվ˫ۣĹޣһֱǷַҪǶ
ԴҲ֪ôڣĲݣιİ
߬ȭͷһվ˳Щ΢ֱԾվſޣ̵žǿ
һһ˵ҵĴЩûйϵҡԸܷţǾ߻û˵ڡ
վԴ۵ɻ
ʱھһƬǷʲôص¡
ֻǹ޲˵Ȼǲʵġ
ߵ˷ɣۻת͵͵۹޺Сĵ׸վš
ڵ鶼⣬Ƿǳ⣡žſʲôǿˣѵҸֵҸֵаа°ǵĴưƣ
Խ˵Խֵȫ̲סɣͲȥˡ


97 
վŵ۾˹޵ָͷǳϿҵ˵ޣú𣿡
ͻȻñˣ
ҲƬ̵ĲȻܾվ˫ۣҪƤһ
ʵĸоû߿ںĵһӦ
ߺ֪ף˺һԼ侲£ͷС˵ǸžšˣˣƤ
վŻ㱣¡ˣˣ
һԸղŵĸоģҪ
۵׻⣬ռ̬ʮĽȦסɨԹ˷ܵߣ˵ţ衣
ɿڣ¸ˣȻеȫͷվţվźܹɵĽ˵һ顣
඼ˡ
ǱصԴļˣܾĵ׷ͻվŵ̫ˣǼֱǰǸˡ
ѲҪ𡭡
һ뷨һ֣˵뿴˹ޡ
޵ߴͷβûϣֻվţĲ档
庮£ܾʱЩ֡Щ첻µزµĺǣֵվŸˡ
һ壬׵ĸߵһһĹӡ
ңֲһԵߡ
˫ۼֱ̽յưǸС죬ֹЦеˡ
Ǹ
ԥ£庮ӲͷƤڣϾһȺôɵվžˣԱ߿ɻһء
Ȼް˼ҵĶǺô˻̫Ӱ׼ʴǮǮôô
ް˵ѾڿɲⷶΧˣǵٶȣһھ͵ˡǲǸø͸λøȥˡ
庮˵С˵ĺתʵͬľȻһǵһִߡ
ɲڣջһѹ֡
վŲϲĻ˹ȥϲɵءЩ̫Ť壬ҲԾ߬ס˹޵֡
޵ĴưƵԴͻȻ̧˿ǰֱͦһſǡ
һڣСҪǣ
һڣ˸ˣû뵽޾ȻֱѯվŵңԴǼȫ档
վžԼЩˣԥСʣǲǺΪѣΪѡ
ûվŰѻ˵ֱ꣬ӴϣЩе˵ΪѣΪѣžʲôǾԸǣ
Զԣǣ
վеɣȺ˵Щͷԡ
庮
ܾȺҲⶼʲôʱһô֪أ浱ֻǵķ
ȻȺȫܹţ쿪ʼѵһ٣
۵һ˿а⣬Ⱥ˾Ȼҹվʾã棡ΪǣվŶѾüûԼˣ
ԽԽֱīǰͷĵȫ
ȻĬĬϵͳһν˸˴⡣
庮Ӧ죬ֻƬ̣ȻĻֲ֪Ҫò׷ˣȥ˻йġ
رǱȥġ
ͻȻʧ˴룬ʣµĺһȫҿˡ
Ѿ˵ˣȫװ͸ˣȺ˼ֱ̫ˣҪվʾãǺôиִ簡
ղһģͲ嵽վŵĸǰˣ
Ȼָս˵̣֫ͷԼ򵥵Ļ
Ȼ󾡿СԼĴڣȴ˲ΪǵıĤΪߴ˿̷ǳԴϡ
û취ֻԴȽ
߸ղſǺԼһͨЩ˶Լ۹DD
޿ŹɲٵˣĿ֮£ǳĽվŵԴȫû߳ĵİڡ
ǳΪѣǡСңҾʹӦ㡭

񾭲ֱʱʱ̿Ȩ
Ǳӵģʱʱ̿ռˣֱԲݣǾԲĽʺޣ
߸գ񾭲ô˵һһİңȻǰռˣ̫ˣ
ͳһսߣҪĵط
վŵСɢ󣬴۾ȾһɫǵùһЦ
ǰһڣϢ۵ȴһƬȵĹ
ٳûзӦ̲סСĴͷʼ۵ĹɢһЦͳɤżĳ硣
СŲϲǵĻҿԻһõģ廹Ƥǳұ֤
廹Ƥ
ӹڣȫסԲƤԲǿ佱ȫʵ
վŻ񣬲Źɵˣ߷ǳɨǵƤ󶨸ϡ
Щףһһ̵ﻮŭ


98 
ֹ̤ߡ
ȻЩ֣Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ʵһûĺӶѣӵеһ棬Ͽһ١
ͦõģҺϲռĶƯҺϲ
վǴЦ˵ĻģǺķ磬ֻ˵˶ˡ
佱֪Ϊʲô̲ס
վž˵ҲԲ
޵ֱӺˣһߡ
ӣÿʱÿ̶ڽСȥˣԣЩֵĻһ̵ģȻĻСŲŲĵ£
Щ޹ΪãҸֵҪҪҪģһ̶ռģ
޾֪ԭ򣬵ĵ׻ǷǳãرվžȻ佱˱ˡ
ָĦ˼֮ûסͷĽ꣬һĬĬվŵһ˵ռģСֻҪлҡңȿȡұƯ
ЩȻĲ
ۨDDȿȨDD
޵Ļ̫ͻȻȫûסʼЦǱɨ֮ЦǿбأԿʼ
վãȻһ£֪ôˣǶڹޣһֱ档
ڹ޵Ļվպ˵ģ۵״ŽĹСǵĻﲻ黰ʢ黰
Ưû˱ÿҵģָҸлϡ࣡
һЦָ⻮׹գ۵׵İӰӰ´£󻯳һ貵ů΢ţͳƵɤɨĶʡ
ԽԽһˡ
վ°һĵԺ벻ҵģ
ۨDD
庮˰죬ûסһеܲס
һֱѹ޷Ѹ֮ȫѸ㣬Թ޵ʱˮȣֱǵ˲˵ĵزȵվžȻ׽ˣ
ң޻ںߡ
Ȼ֪٣۵׵ůɫȴƭˡ
ֻҪվڳһ㶼ǿסԼŰϢԼš

һｵһ
治챻֣Ȼֱӱ٣һʹ磬Ϳװʲôʱ
庮Լôתƹ޵ߣʱ򣬷ɴͻȻʾ
˵˽˷ɴפ
գ庮Ȼ˸飬ȻһԵڵϵġʬ塱üģĸоȻýڵôã̫ʧˡ
Ҫˡ
庮ϵİ˹ɨɵ㶵˵ˣϽλøȥѲ˿Ц𣿡
庮˵ɣȴһɽţӿճסһȫҶ
Ϊȫ޵뷨ȷӦվŵĻ漸ּ١һġ
޹˹վŵĺڷϲơŴǹĵЦµ۵ױŨѻɫĽëڵɫ
š
۾һ
̧Цţīͫ׽һһͻȻվţμ棬ѵЩ𣿡
ǲǳμ桭
۽΢䣬ЦЦôԸ⣿ţ
ЩᣬʲôĲñǰɣǲصĶޣмҵɶ庮ǸС
ϰԵĿ庮庮ȫǼװû˽ԲصĶأһǷǳǮġ
޵ԽԽ䣬Ϣʼͳڲ鲻Ը˵ԸԸ⡭
ܲԸӣǲǲϲңվ˵꣬鶯Ĵ۾ˮȵģˡ

ҪʱǴ磬ҪʱǹСѾͷѲɱ񾭲Ⱦˣ
վȥ⣬ҧŴǣ˵ԭĲϲң֮ǰ˵أǶǴƭӣ
˵꣬վֱڹ޵Ļһѹĸо۵׻Ц⣬ͿվСգ۾ӡ
ԽԽˡ
á
վŲ飬§ӡ
۵׵Ц˼֣ȴ̧׼ʧ٣߽ȫɨһ飬庮ϡ
Ϊ̰֣ͷ𡭡
ĵɤЩһЩв֮⣬庮ӵûϢת
庮ĵվţ棬ȴǳ󷽵˵Ժžŵʳȫˣ
վԴ̲ס˶޵ʱѹסֹļ
޲ڣ۾ע庮̲סС˵𡭡
˵ǰҵ˼óԵĶ
񰡡Ƕ˶ˣѲҪΥԼⰡʮңҾ͸㣡
ɨֵ


99 
庮Щ鴤Ų˵ôɶûʧԼҪʮ֮аңɶöûУôҪ
治У
һЦֱǰ˼㣬ֱӾͰ庮ˡ
Բۣ˰
˵˽˷ɴפפ
ϵͳһѺ庮ˣ񾭲Լ׬Ǯ׬ȫ׼Э
ĬĬóռۣ庮ҧӹȥģΪŰ˹ֵ¶ûܡ
ڽϵľ޴죬˶ö飬һˤĿǲᰡ
ǸǵǮЩòµ˽Ǯоһξͻհ֪ӦȸС
ں˰
庮ˣ֪ҪһӣȻҪ⡣
һǷģҸ㣡ʮʮʮҶѾ˺㻹ҪǮأ
ð˳ǮɣҼСûУ۵״Ц⣬վŵԴǲǰСţ
վ̧̧ۣڹ޻ֵָĿʼù޸ĿռۣȡѴСĹӣ۾Цˣɤȴġ
ҷǳ
庮ֻѪӿһʱĸоȻЩǹ޵ģǣڶٻ˻ﰡ
ڹ޵ѹĬĬתһˡ
ĵֱӾըëˣԭΪֱӸھȻֱתˣɱģû뵽ôӴưվٶҲǹ޵İ
ԽԽֲ̫÷߶Դϣżĺͷһ
ǳ˳飬װԻӳȥӣȻˣ
ΪߵĶ޵߳ɹϣ˵ޣûǮҲûҵ㻨Ǯȫžˣ
ǵҲ˵ҲûС
޵߿ͻȻעӣɫҲеŤ̤裬˵ҲûС
̤˼£ҲûóֵĶǰи󷽵庮ʲôо̫á
̧֣סգ˿һ飬庮ϣĬĬܰƤ
庮ֱŻѪ浱ûпŵ֪˼
ܣƶҲܣ庮ߣֱ˵һ㻨Ǯžŵˣ
һ궼ҪĬĲ̫
庮˵ֱתһˣŻѪͲ쳤ХˣȺ˵ĺһӶŰ
庮תˣߺߵ˵ߣǲϵͳˣҪ𣡡
ߣֱŭ𣺡Ⱥ޴࣬žŵǼ˺Źڹ£
庮סˣҲסˣԼЩõԤС
ǵĻţĿǣ۵״ΣǲϿɵ˵֪¸ңǲ˵ǸСŵļǲǲ̫
꣬񾭲Ȼû궼ҪӼǣ̫ˣ
޲ΪȻЦЦΪ⳥Ǿ͸СŴ򹤣ֱΪֹ

վŴ򹤣ȻҪ⡣񾭲վŵӣĿŵİǣ
һЦʣ顣
Ը⣿
Ը⡭
ﰧȻ㻨Ǯ൫ǺôҲСⰡòҲȫԱż౨Ҳν
ֻйڵʱôģʵǣ庮Ѿڵʱǰٷ֮ʮţ
ˣ庮żһֻ۱һۣСǮǮܶαһںǹƶҪսˡ
ǶҪˡ
ôϴ̰֣ۡ
һͷɥŭԣ߿ˣȻ۹޵ǮҸֵԱǮҪ
ߵĶ۽ɨһ飬Ʈ壬ɵǰ
ȻԺͬ£Ҫ׬Ǯ׬ҸֵСӾȻԲùġ
ŹڣǺա
ߵһ֣Сצӣ˵Ժָѽ
üһһ̵ӻ壬ȴȻ޾һɨ鲻Ըסצӣ΢
ĵߣȴòЦ˵ˣҼҾžŸлǣԣպð
գһǿ˵壬һαһθңֱӵ˴Էɣȴûܵʵ˺
ֱӱȴǳ⣬ֱ۶һֽ״̬á
΢΢̤跴ӦĶ֣һƾͽ߸һԡ
첽סüߣֵƤˡ
ߣ
߰ŤͷֲǺۣ˷ɣ¶Դϡ
ɨûЦĹԼĿֲϢڿӡ
̤Ծһ۵ҧŴ뿪ڣɶϹ˫ۣȴȫ˵ڡ
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100 
վʱ̧ﻹŵĹӣҲֻʣһţ˿ޣҪ죬˳־Ͱѹ
סԭϢʧ٣波˳ζЩȷʣϲ𣿡
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ļ֣ҧúأɬȴװıŤģ۵ףܾЩ졣
ȫǵʱһ׵׵Ĳһ
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վŵϣٳûƿ򴽣ɨĸ첲߲˵̤裬ƣȻؽա
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ңǴСصģ󱻵һûϰߣԽӰ˻һУԽԽ
׷Ҳ͹׽ȻҲǣֻǻǰǸС
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101 
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ΪҸͻȻ±סôҲûõĻ
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102 
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ǵǲҿ֪ˡ
뿪ºǾͽӵϢʱزʧµʱ̽鵽пǵ
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Сԣ㵹ĺݰ
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103 
ҪǰͲôҡ庮ԽԽǼıһãҲϣ˺㡣
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˵Լܴ󴩹ͨĸо϶ս⣬ȻȭЦҺܿҲԺһˡ

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104 
һ·ɱȻ˹ˣֱӾ˹޵ķû˵ֱӾͱ޸ɢˡ
໽УүĹޣ˷òã
۽Ѭ죬ǷϼߵĺȫûᣬֻյĿվţҧгݵ˵Ҫҵľϲ
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105 
ɴϵһγ˷ֱͣһ漣
ڶ຺һɵ㶵վһԣȫš
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ܶ֪𣿻Щ˶㴦ˣúܺãȻĻСһءһϲͱ˷ҵĳ谮
޵ָ⻮վŵָ࣬⹴ķ˿ȦȦƣ۵Ƕռ
߬ȭͷԼ侲
ǰģģһʲôŻңôϲҵģ
ϲʲôûҳȥ
Щ顭
ȥ
Ŵӣô˵ĳʳϵĳԡ
̲סڴԲ岻һ񾭲Ȼ
ЩɣҡҿԸı䣬ҿԣ
۵Ȼ̤ϰǰһס
ܵĶüЦЦĿ̤衣
̤ЩӲҲеҲûжλá
죬̤ΪޣС
С仰̤һ˵ʮ֮꣬ࡣ
޿ۣ̤˵˼ֺ󣬹޲Ϣȫɨơ
˵֮󣬹ֱ뿪
Σ㶵ʱ򣬽κãùˣȻĻʱڣ첲ǲˡ
˺֮һù޶İĺܴ󣬻ǣ˲֪ٴˡ
庮ü˿ŵ̤裬̾
ߵǸģļͷСʣǲм飿
ĬĬƲһۣĬĬ˵ıķˣϹɶ֡
߶һתĶһֹ۾һģ
ƭҼҾžſǺܳҵģҪѣҪһ𣡡
ɵĿۣ͵͵ߣܵ˽ţһ˵
ߵİļֱȼգ˰ԭǴѹ޵˲ôĲ˰
̤ˣܺӣƫƫϲһ񾭲׽
ǵҲôʡ
һۣ˵ĺǸֽһģǣҲǸŮӣкͬ࣡
ŭԴһڣСӣֽҲǸҼҾžһɰֽ
СҲûҪ
ģҽǽѵ㣡
˵žҪŵ磬׼ôҲóѡ
һһϵͳڷɴϿʼ׷Ҹϡ
ڣΪ


106 
庮
һֱǵĹ˵̰Ҳȷʵˡ
֮ǵһм֣һʼĿģ庮ȷʵչ˵ĺܺá
ֻǵҳûôס
ҵľ㵱Է𣡻㣬Ǳߵģ
̤򴽣庮Ļûзȴ˵С
СССʮˣͳˣеӶսʿŵүʹţ
̤Ŵȴһֶû˵
پһΣҪȥվţ
ںŮڵʱʲô𣿺ǺǡʱҲһһ޻᲻ģǽһ𣡡
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ǴģǱﲻҲнһƾճֵˣֹĺۼйΨһɲһDǣһŶҳȥˣ֣
弼мְգãַ޻Ҫǿ
Ǳޱ뽫ˣˣ
ֻҪ뵽޽ͻܣ
庮ŭȣ
Ȼһ庮ͻȻЩĲһ庮
浱ԼرģǾȨȥǿޡҸ㣬㣬һʼûʸ񣡡
庮һƽ۵׾Ǳ˪Ŀɲ
Ϊ˭µģǿ޵һ΢Ķµģǲ⼸İһʵİãҲǺԪ֮һ㣬ʸ𣿡
ˣֻӦ㲻ҲֻǱ㲻
庮أǵĻȰᣬᣬ˵ףʸûС
㶪Ҳֻ㡣
۵ʹ֣ǲҵˣûйϵ
庮һۣЦ˵øл⣬ȻĻһˡܴҲܻ˻ģκ˶ʸƫƫûСǰҴӦ˱˲˵꣬Խˡ
Ҫʱ㣬һ㶼ûС
ɨһ̤裬庮ϵ·
ô꣬ûж˵ػҲһֱΪСվǳˣȴԽķ
Թ޵ȫʼ֡
ûȨȻûС
޼įҪ㣬˸ʵģȻҪһĿˡ
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ϣһ˫̵ӣȾˮԹ߲ʵĿɤʱң
̤סߴЩӲ
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庮վһԣŲٿؼ䣬ɢһ
ûҪ
庮뿪ʮˣ˵ĵܵȻҲΡôԽΣԽǻáôΪĹˡ

ҺܸмİΪǰͨһлὫ޾ȳ˵ףǶûһʡ͵ĵƣô꣬ѡǾһʢıǲ֪ˡ˶Ϊصĺܺãϣʱȥ嵭һС
̤裬ҪľػޣǶ˵ԡ
̤ɬһЦ֪
庮һۣ۵ЩΡ
̤裬Ų֪ǳǵİ飬ֻǳıһ
ǣȫǳıһԱ⡣
˰ˣǣûһù

վ˯ʱܾã˯һһҹʱ򣬾ԾͺˣǿʹõľҲָ˲١
ŵҲǳ׷ˡ
ˣҲվŵֱõ뵽˱˵ĺóԵޡ
ߺ˷ֱܵӽ޷˳޽Ӵ˲䣬۵ɺ죬쳣Ѹռ˷䣬̧һƾͰ߸ȷˡ
վ㶵ĿǰޣȻһ˾˹ȥ
ԭҪķͻȻɢһǿĺڰϢһѪߴӱ״̬ջأ絶צֱӾ˻ȥɪһ
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ӣֲ̫ˡ
Ϊϣվŵǽ˸ţ쳣˷ܣϵЦⲻϣ˫ֲãʹǰޡ
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ղϵĲŻеޣվŵСȫǺ
޵ɫͺܲˣָԾźɫԪأʱɽȥ
ԭܿģǱ̲סڹɱֵ˲䣬ֱըëˣ
վŴ۾ɻƵèըë𣿡


107 
ԭķɣ϶׺ݣվŵ⣬ҲʼѣһһϵͳõĶǰèһһޡ
ըë޸ӵĽš
֣ǰɰСԽǸϵ˾Խ
ǲҪóԣ
ʱɨպ趨ԶøԣȻԶˣȻֱЦ˳
Ȼǳ˵ҪԵ㣡
޵ëֱըˣ嶼ȦֹɰĲҪҪġ
վգգۣ漫ˣֱӱסߣֹһߴԼ̵ȡӡ
ûִӣδַĸо
վŽеǰ˵ݣ˵̫ˣٳԣ¡
²εȥˣ۾ˮʣίצӺüζ¶˳Ǹ˸˻ȥ
ء
ߣԡ
ްȫֻԸߵʯбƸޡ
վŴۣߣ߶תתԹԵ˵̫ˡ
˵ţߺóʮţһǲͬƷֵġ
žţôɰһܾġ
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ء
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أ
κվŵһŻֱð˳ھͿ㣡
޼˲䣬˲٣һܵĺУأ
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߷ȣȻҲҪ϶Ƶĵġ
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޵ڣ۵ȾЦ⣬ǵĻȷǴżΣյģȻڹվſˡ
վŵͷҲá
ء

û˦ȥеӾͱԵˣǺȥġ
ӳʼѾĵһγԲݡ
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վŵͷó˺ܶǰЦ˵ԡֵ㡫
޵ֶ˶ԲԲĶ˲ĵ룬һԵ
߶Դϣһɴĵ˦ȥȻߣ
ֱͽסˣȻǳɴһˮܱе߳ɹİԼҲˡ
еۻ

ãȻվţһǱըë
ֽйԹԵģһġ
վ˵ĺ޹ɰƫƫԼǱš
ء
Ծܾ
ԣӽ쿪ʼҵСˣһžŰֵģ߱ԼͷתԴֶ˶ףҴ磡
һЩί鲻˵඼
޳ۿŹ޵ͦͨԵģǳ̫ˣҲ֪վϲʲô
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Ϊ߰ԴϣȻǸߣˣɱķˣ


عг̺Ҳǹ޿ΪΪվŶܺ棬ܻкܶ⣬Ҳˡ
⻹ڵ
˻عʱ򣬾˲ֹһˣĻŲѵȴǹ塣
硱ӶźܴȻҪԱʮˣŶΪԾģȴ˴ĵ׾壬Ȼη塣
ȫǸߵߣܶ˶¶棬Ļһʮ֮ãްܼǸֲݡ
ȴǣһ뿪ʱ˵ֻн۹Թ޵ҪɵʱŻ
Ǹĳ֣ԾΪɡ
ʹһš
ķɫҲΪѿΪȺ˵ʱ򣬻δӹõ档
ָȨıʯָķЩʱȺ˴սʿֵ̰֮ͽ
죡
ķٷ𣬵һȴ̲סˡ
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ʲôΪҲ֪˽ʹܣܵͷ
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108 
ǣѵϣҲһ޺ǺѣǹҪ󣬿ɲҷ룬ҿǿ
ķ˵ı鿴һ飬һϣ˽µĶҲʣǷɾǷɣֻҪλһ죬ҵҫͲɴ
˦˦ϵĳۣķЦ˳㣬һϢ޴Ӧȥ۶ѧѧ
ʲô
Ӧ֪أȻǵ۶ѧǹɴǻҺ͹ֵܲĵط⽫ѧǨƣأӦö
ķϵûзǽӲıһҲѾ֪ͨңȫͬ˺һ𣬾ΪʲôﶼڴѧǨƵ£ϻ֪ͨ
¹ϵش󣬱ôԿһ˾
żҵһ¾
ķ˵꣬˲䰲
ʲôһδδѹߣ޷þдѧԱܾ֪ʲô𣿡
һηңǵĸҲɢ
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ڵ˲졣
ķЦ£ˣܵİôģûйޣľܶѡ
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ûг˵ķݣ
վϵƲƲ죺ǳҲǹ޵ĳңƾʲô

ҾͷôţҧҰ
㣡
վŰŤͷίͰ͵ĿŹޣ˫ץֱۣ۾һգᶼˣޣ۸ңЩȫҵòã
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޵̲סɨߣֽʲô
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ǵȲˣҲȣ޲һֱȥֻԲվŰɣԺٲˡ


109 
Ŀ˿ȻɨɨˣЦЦգá
΢䣬ܾùǸЩ֡
϶ڹ޵Ŀʱͱֵܾ£кõԴ׵Ķ
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ݿأǵڶ⣬ϾǼʼΨһһ˼ߣȫûҪκ⣬ǹ޲һȫһ
Ψһ֪ľǣ϶ڹ쳣ĿأǱѰ
Ҳżֹ֧ǵԭ򣬻һ壬ľӰżҡ
ֻǹȥ۶ѧѧôȨһ֮֮ϡ
һΣ޵ʲôѵֻһ
Բܡ
˶˼
š
¡
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ķ񣬿Ĭ֮ȥ˱ĵط
ĵطʺ⣬ǵʱΪ˱ı߶ر׼ģͨ嶼һֻὥĽȻ࣬ǳӰȻ١
һꡣ
ʵ
Ѿϵˡ
Ⱥ󣬹ķƣ޵ֱһϢǰĹķ󱳷Լ߳
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ķɫѿʱȷʵӦˣǻҸԺ͹忹⣬رڲȫƿ֮
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סֱϵѣɲ
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վŵָĦֱһһ£ִżˣһ˵ޣǴؼҰɣҲ
޺˼£ŽϢջأͷš
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˿
ء
Լķ˿վŽԴ˹޵ĲӼ䣬ȫȻռ̬
ķе㽩ӲվŵĴڡ
ڹޣһֱΪǰǸŮ˵ģֻΪԼ״ŻܾϾΪʧȥôĳ谮
ԭԼȨ˿ǣ޾ܾĻһ㲻ء
ĸ飬Ŀȴ𡭡
޽վȦסΪȵ¶ȣԼƺů˼֣£ҵҪ֡
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ȻأٱһΣǣﲻһ
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ķķ˺ܾãֱһαӰΧһǶڹޡ

ȳ뿪˻ʹ󣬹ƣĽԴϣϢȻȾͲվŸӲˡ
һ·˶δڡ
ȥ֮󣬹һδ˵ֻǽվŽţ˷䡣
庮ûüͷһֱܾù޵״̬̫ԡڹ޷֮庮üͷˡ
ӣ״̬еĻҪ⡣


110 
߶ԴϣĬĬĻش𣺡ˡ
庮סô֪ģ
žŵķɴҪģʱžһ£Ϊ鲻ãƻ˲١

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ôѹķϣҲûƽϿҸֵ
庮ûнͣǴǵĳصɫҪԲԶ
ڡ
޵ָĦվŵĴȻһһ£ͬɨ
վգգ۾Ʒϣ˵ΪʲôģΪ𣿡
š
ҲΪģһɱˡ
ҺҪϲġ
ֻϲ㡣
ס°ͣĴ£΢΢һЦ˵ϲ˵
վǹĴ˵ҲֻϲңȻĻҰ
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ѹǳѹ
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޴˯״һֱãΣʶߣ紵ݶ˲ѣվžȻ˶
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庮ҡͷǴ򲻿Ҳȥû취֪
վſߣһԡ
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庮࿴߼ۣȻǺܺ棬ǻֵĸо˵˵ҲĻס
ң񾭲һģҲϾۣĽǺǿġ
ֻе㿹ֱϴྫĶȥϴ⣡ңȻݣģ̫ˣ
ңʲôֵı飬ܾ;ϵġ
ʵܲ˱˶ţȻ޹˵Ҳû취ֻϴҲôɣ

ǵһ˵󣬻˵뵱꣬˧Ļס̧ۿšðɣںȷʵܳ
ȻͨӴḶ́庮ʵܾ
ңһ޷ܾɣֱӾͽվƲˡ
˵֪˱˵壬һᱩߵģ
ƣɣǻͲˡ
ǲùȻùΪֵ̰庮ָ˿൱ڡ
˵Ǽʶ֪ǿ͹Ĺϵ԰æʲôļֱҪ̫㡣
Ȼ󡭡


111 
ʮӾæµæµ庮ָӵˡɵ㶵ĺǣΪǹްŵģһʹ˼Ѫһ
վǰҡϣﱧԵĿģԱץôҪһ
˺һˣ
Ǹ
ߣԣҲҪС
Ȼվٶִһڹ޸ĶһƬҶվŶСҪ˵ǳԵˡ
ָָһԵеĿһۣһ¡ҴӦǸ
վգգۣǲ֪ʲô
۾Цӯӯ˵֪һЩ飬ģ
˵뵽ΪҸֵĴƣ뵽Լֱң˵ʲôҪˣ
ٴ򿪣ȥһ˲䣬ͱŰپʮżӵҲˢۡ
ٿ߿ɥ˵ΪʲôǶԹңʲôϵ
Уٷ֮ʮŶ˵ߣȻվż裡ʲôϵб˵ްб˵վŰ
޹
Դģվóһһȥ衣
Ҹֵ֪ҪԡҲǹ޻⣬ڶҪҸֵ
߱ģȻοˣֵȻһ¡
˲䣬ֵͱ˳ȥһŷֱļӲϣȻ˳ƻ
Ӧ죬סȻĻƻҪˤڵһ¡
ֻһ¾ͱײͷۻð춼ûӦ
ÿʱ߶Եĳ嶯꣬ôУرۣ
߷ɳȥ˲䣬վŵͱѸپֱһҹĻ֮һ˫סҧסֱѪ޶ûſ
޵۵ЩֱֱĿã˫ֻӳԼǲ¶Ц
ſڻ¶Σյɨһɵ㶿ߵĺӣǴߡ
˿ϴһǵ⣬ĺǿѵߣ˹ɢ˵úøɲûͷء
˵꣬Ķ䶼ʵˣһȸղŻҪڿ졣
վ죬մ˵ʲô޵Ĵһһ£ģɨվ̲ס
ãĴʣΪʲôѹ
վΪ۾ֻϲСޣա
뿴߿Բ޺⡣
Ϊʲô
ѵ𣡡
ꡪDD
վŵĻ̫˼ڹ̲סЦ˳
ЦˣվҲЦζ˫ȣ۵˸嵭ĳ硣
˫ֱַϣ΢΢Ħš
ֻҪľͺãϲӣǸɲԼҪ׷ųء
ԣҪԹԵأޡ
뿿ʵķվŴЩհףʵУӣĺ˸衣

˵ҶԸȥ
С𳵰ڶ

˵Ҷ
Ϊȫ

ĵůů
ԼҪ
Ҳϣɺá
վŵɤֵ˵ĸоȫţģ۵ģһ޶ģȫƲߡ
ɤʱԺĿֱ䣬ǲ˷κһλᡣ
޾ļͷƺԴϲϰߣȻĿĲ
ÿʱ;綼ˣȻֻǼˡ
վŲЦ˵ϲ𣿡
տĲӣԾŵѪһЦʱ⡣
š
վ̲סһЦһס
վһһ׵ĳɤֶ䡣
ɻĺǶоĸ˲٣ɻرж
վż߳ţָżһ䣬żһ׸裬Ӣһ߰㣬ʲô
ȻͻȻһ֣󰮴ס
Ұ㰮㣬󰮴ף
ճվžȻֱˣȻֹ
ɻȴ̲ס͵͵˵ĺǣ棬ֱˣǱŹ
صǣ
һٶ
ֱյըˡ
ǳõĺĶЩ֡
ʵǸɲȥ󣬺ǸɴˣҲǵˡ

ҲǺǺܻ̫ȣ޵۽ǿʼȾϷϼͫ˿˿ɫ΢΢ĺڷ΢΢ڵۣС
ɿվź󣬹򴽽ǣ£ɤɳơúøɣ㻨ǮҲҪˡ
̲ס˳ǣôѧˣѲǴǸ˽ɣ
һֱڿĸֱӴļͷǷޣǲҪ㻨Ǯˣٱһ£ϡɬӼֱ̫ˡ໡
˵Ĳ࣬ӭһ˦˦ȥȫûͣµӡ
ĵиֵ֪ԭ޺Ҳᷢ񾭡
վſĹޣЦȦסĲӣ۵׽ԴŲԶĺ˵ǣǵ㻨Ǯˣ
գվſסĺ󾱣һ£Եˡ
޵Ĵ˲ͬһʢˡ򴽰꣬޴ӣǺߵģ
СԽԽء
庮һֱǿװûסֱЦ˳
ۨDD


112 

ǵµһ쭣ֱӰеϴ˹ȥѾҪҪ

վ̲סЦ໶ֵЦȾÿһˡ
Ȼ㻨Ǯûˡ
ǿ۵׵ůɫʱǻԵĿģҲЩ׹ϲվŵԭ
Ϊվ̫⣬һֱ̹Ȼģϲûǰƺһ㶼мαװ
֪룬һ̲ס͸ۣǴأαװҲȺ޴෢֣
޿ЦҲ͵Ц
ָ⣬վ̲סеļ¶ֱ۽˽Ķʣ˵Сţлл㡭
վźÿüĿһ䣬ЦӯӯָԼգлҡ
ʧЦս׼ȥվ۵׽һٲԴȶ䡣
۵׵Цֶ˼֣ͬĻţöĿҧҧĴ꣬ƵɤɨĴꡣ
СԽԽƻˡ
ƻܱ˹顫
Ǻǡ
ŵЦӴǵվŵĶֹסġ
վûĵһۣһ˵ޣҪҡ
βһԨ˶΢ָ໬ٻĴ㹴ңСš
û㳤úÿ
Сÿ
ԹפչվţüĿ˼ֻ֣ԼûֶѣڣһһЦȾӣҫ۵Ĺ⡣
վҡͷ˵ÿ
޵Цȫֹס
庮Ա߾ţһʱЩƲۡ
ϣһΣĹޣǡ
ɨ庮òߣȴǴϵĻȡ
Ȼأֻվˣ޼ɵЦ޸ЦĶʼЦ
Ȼֹ񾭲ٻǿ΢ģҲ㰡޳ȥˣƸҲˣ֮վŵˡ
ߣ˿Ҳе̣ģΪղŵֱЧǳã˲ͱҸֵñġ
Ȼ峪ǹ޹ļֱǲҪ̫ãЩŮİ
˭ѹ˭˰ǵĶԼذ
֪˭ͻȻˢһ䣬ۼţŸŭˢˣСָ̲ס˶
͵͵СƨŤһԣָĻȥ̲ס˼ۺ󣬸˵ϴβ͵͵ˣһţû£ұ֤
߲ŵĿ
ŲţֻҪ¶׼ûϵʱҲҪȥ۶ѧʱ򿴼˸࣬͵ǰعˡ
һұأ
һҲǱ۵һ
һһϵͳֹһߵצûסֱӾͽվǿǹ޵ƬȥˣŴ֡
žʵѹޣ˭
󿴵ʱ򣬲ûЦù޵ע
ǻǴߵСĻſˢǣ˼Ļ̲סЦ˳ǰЩ̫ȤǽӴֱ֣Ҫ̫ʡ
ƬһųֱӾը˹
ǵĵ׿սһˣƬȴһֻӸǿˡ
Ȼǲǻǿķֱɾ£˼վߣֱ̫ˡ
һУҸҷģ
ֱһۺһĬĬ˽ۡ
ֵշʽĿǰɾһˡϴοǷһŹ񣬵ΪʲôһţŰҲҪŰλ
Ҳá
仰ĬĬһˢ֮ǸͣĽࡣ
ֱص˺٣ǵ¶֮Ϳʼ
һвϢģ˵ǹ׼ȥ۶ѧѧһĲѣҪ
ܶ۶ѧȥѧԺ˶׷ðݣõȷеϢ
ߵĬĬ
ǳ˳飬ɨɨһأǵˣ͵͵ŲŲȷȫ˲Ųȷ˵Ӧû¡
ͦǱǺޣ˵ֻҪ˶Ǵ¡
ߵצӲû
ȻǿֹͣĶԼڿһǮ
߹ϵӳһƬ˲ȷϹ޻ȥ󣬹ϵĽǮ
ȻǮģվо仰ǶԵģǾǣȻǹ޵ģǹ޵ľģ
վŲţŵģ
⻰ЧӦֱ侹ȻˢһŻɴᣬߵĶ۶Ǯҵӡ
ʵҲе㿴ɵˣϾڴһëǮûе״̬
ǵǱң̲ס˿ĭϣѾ٣
߶תתȻսĶ俪ʼֹ
۾ԽԽЦ£ģ
ҷģ
ǲ׼ķƣһ֮󣬾ûˡ
ˣ߾ͿʼϴԼƻ
ȣ濪ֹ˾ҪһɵȱֻҪôͲ͵ĻȻٺʲˡ
֪Լĵ׵ľۣ֪᲻š


113 
ֹӣ޶۵ףû̫⣬֮ҪҾͿԡ
վűǵκģһԼĵ׵Ĵ㣬˵ƻ
ÿһǱŰǵϢģÿζԼ
ţվžеƲ֣һ˫۾ԹĿŹޣʲôʮ¡
СԹˣ
Ҳ㲻ܺ㶼ûС
һǵĻ˼֣֣Լദ۽źΣ˵Ҳˡ

ˣ
⡭
ٵһҲΪǲϢأÿġ
վϲãſؿڣǿŵ࣬۵׿ܡ
§߷ϡָ쳣Ĵķ䣬˵ϲ
߼ûˮϵһȫǽˮ̲סһֱۣӾͰѹ˹
ǿһ֣ûɹԵĽתǳӵĹֱӾ
ڷɴϵǼ죬ǵʯθǻǵһμôθڵޣصǣȻԲݣ
֪˵ûϢǸ˵̫
ǺܺгϹһڰϴɾˡ
ɾ߲֪֮ʲôԭѾúĻףĿʼֻ̺Ǻ΢
һںյ˫Ȼ
Ⱦɫ۾ÿޣߴ建򣬽ΧĻҳͷ­£һɤ϶
ޡþò
ף۵Ⱦϲã˵þò
ѣ˷⿪ģǺܿ죬˫Ŀⰵȥ
۵һһ¡
վŲ˵ߣôˣ
ȻǸо˽ŵգȴǺ⣬ֵ˷ɡ
ĻײҪҲһˣֻѣ޸Ҫʱ䣬ģܿõġ
ע⣬ȴվǿ
ֻţһ࣬۵вȣޣֻܿҡ
ݸһЦ۵׵ɫȥ˵ıǼ⣬ֻ㡣
޵ĻվſˣȥȻСȥֹ߲֪˵Щʲôͼ߿ʼ˷ܣֿ֮ʼֹ
޳գ۾ͿＤСɣ۾Ҳǹôϲ
ɫ庮ʱʾ뿪£ǽվŰɣҿԾ׼ˡ
ɨɨһԵ󲻸ʲԸ뿪߻һߣӣ˵ĺã
Ǵ˿̵ȫûֻһĺվ
Ȼ󣬵ϣޱˡ
ܹôвˣʾվžǲԸһ˯
޵һαܾڳţվȫ⣡
һҹ޶ڿͷߣǣôվŶ֪
Ϊһվź߶УȫߵӰ죬ѹͲ֪
ڶվ³ܣһ򿪣Ϳ˫ĿΣյĹޡ
վգգۣһȥȥޣϺã
ĬĬһ̧ۣץסĴϣΪһҹߣɤﶼЩƣɳơ
Ҳϲ㶪ҡرǺһֻῪĴһ
Ժ󶼲ˣ߰ϢָָԼԴվ۾Ƥգ£Ľë΢ӣ
ǺܿкܶҸֵ⻹㣬úõġ
޿۵һ˿а΢˵ǲǺûáʲôˡ
վŽĿָ̧⻮续üĿɤȴԼƫִ۵˸ŵĿ꣬ɤЩʧҡ
ޣܺãҺϣһֱӡΪֻŻһֱҡ
վǲŵģһ˹ȥӣȴԺǸƲ˳֮Ϊ壬ǵãҲǡ
޳ָǿԼƬ̺󣬽ڻҾһֱӡ
ԣʲôӶνһ˫Ȱˣʵûô⡣
վҡҡͷ۵׼ᶨбҪ£˫ȱãҲá
˵ĻǵãҲֻ֪˵һС֡ߵˣÿһӣ֪ԭ
ֻκӵôȥھܵķΧڣվŲ˺ߵˡ
Ҫϲģӡ
̧ۣվŹɵЦǹ޻Ƿĸı䣬۵͸ġ
ÿʱÿ̶ڳɳ
ǡ


114 
ԽԽ͸ǵۣ޵۵ԨԽԽ۶ĳˡ
ǰ㣬޻˫̽ԵĴϣ¶ȡ
ÿʱžԼߡ
վһ֮ͻȻƿ޵˲ѹѹϢԼЩԪ
һûˢ
վŴһֱӾС˳ȥ
һ͵ЦֱҪĵ
߿Ĵ룬ֱӾͱžסЦҲߡ
ָ΢΢öһۣЦЦߣϣĶõģȻǺǡ
߶˶壬ŰͰ͵˵ҾЩһЩִ̡̳ҷģ
Ҳ֪ʲô
˻Ǵÿ˵Ѷ˿ûá
Ǳΰߣ
Ϊʲôô

Լˣֲ÷Ѳɸ˶ˣһʺʲôˡ
ߵĶԽǱԽ顣
Ŀ²ٰ
˵ţ˼֡
Щ꣬ôôź򣡾Ͳܱô
ҷģûֻȡҪĶ
Ρ
Ȼסͣռˡˣôתﲡƶۣҡ
üһ΢ţ۵аȣȴֺò
پһΣý̵ĶǶõģȻ㣬ҿ֪ôú˯һ
ըëǲϹתҵĳˣ
ߣҿûôʱ䣬ֻתת
ҧٲ̽ԼĳϵͳʮźʾķճһŰͨ죬צ
ޣҪҧ㣡̫ˣ̫ˣ
ߣҵģֻҧ
žţɵɵǱıģ
˰죬ǲ֪˵ʲôΪվŵ⣬˽һЩȨԭںʵʱǺ˹ޣ֮俪ʼԥ
޾Ȼ֪ˣ
үģĸо
վ֪Ȩʵܴ󣬶ڣʵֻ֪
һĺܲҰɡ
ңǿһ̵걻ҵˣ
ĶȫǳʮĶóһԻһɱЩžŰǿˡ
ڹҪ᲻ƽԼˣһ˵Ҫһһ棬վžƻͬ⡣
ô졭
÷÷
ΪôͣߵİԽԽŤųһš
վ֣һᡣ
ʱΪ̫ۺֳ̫ĹŤֵƨɡ
һҧ˹ϣ۾ģȻܿ콫ȫȥ
Դӳ֮ȡķʽܶࡣ
޵ţ˳óڻһǾǳԵĶ࣡
ҲסˣȻҳԹ޵ĶͲ񾭲ǰ죡
ҡ
ܳԲܵѲɻʲôر𲻳ɣ
վŵǲ⣬ΧŹתһȺִ˴ƺһȦ壬ĬĬ˵һϾˡ
ɲˣ⼸ԵĶɲ٣ӻʯȹȥԵĶࡣ
˴󷽣î㾢Եģһ̲һȫվſʼ˵Ļ
վŵͣ˺þãڹȻѸƨڵϣצӲϱȻš
óԣ
վſߣãȻ
ƲƲ죬Լķ˵˵ڲ֣Ҫ
˲ɴۣô˵ˣ
߰ŤͷûΣǸ˼ȥ
ʵܾתתͻȻԼһţԴ䵽վŵϡ
ΪԾȣȰɣһ˵ʱǳãЩ໹ιöԵģ
بDD
ղһ£ߵĵذͱֲһĹֵ֣ٺˣ嶼ըëˡ
꣬˺ÿֲ
ĵ׵ޣǲ֨
һסվţռʮ㣬ֱӽȦڻȫ뿪Ļᡣ
˳ûлµ·뵽װ
˵к֣֪ܶǲÿһܿɰ
޵վͣһ󣬿ߡ
߱ЩܲסӲͷƤĵʣװˣǲʲôҪСЧͰ
·ĬĬ֣ޱĸ䡣
ͷҧгݣʮ֮ȴֺõЦûϢ˵װˣҪһడ


115 
˵꣬߾ͺˣΪֱӵϵͳ̵ָ꣬Ҫġ
˹ĸо޵ʲôʱѧЩģô֪
һٸҸֵûС⻰˵൱ȻץŰѱʹã޲ŲίԼ

Դˣһвñ˵Ĺ󣬸ùı˵Ҫ
޼ĬĬȡ˳ȻɵķվŵĻҿɥһֵ˵װľžţҶԲ㣬Ȼһֱ㴩·
޸ģҺϲ
ܾˡ
޼ߡ

еѵø͵ʲôվŶϲ
ӲͷƤתתͷվһͨ
Ȼ
վֱӽ·ڻֱӴ˳ȥ
Ц˳߹ĻȣĿαϣЦ˵Թˡ
˰죬ǲҾܾץԴһߣȻй浣ĹһСģ˵̰׵
վٳʱԴ϶˫βϴˮַ¶һ˫ֱ˫ȡԼվŻתһȦȹ΢ͬŵĻ䡣
۵ϴЦգµģù޻ۡ
ĵеļ£ĬĬ룬ŵˣǻء
ǰ˫ֳԣտվԴβķβ΢΢ڶ鶯ӣ˼ˡ
֣סСǹЦ⣬˵Сÿ
վű䣬պġ
ֻе㲻ϰߵ̵ȵȹڣ̲ס£ȣȹ·֡
βһκ
վŵûע⵽޵ı仯ƵҾȹе̣̫㡣
̧ڴ£ҪƿƲһοֿɰ·ǣıȴڣļ¹󣬹СŲ׼˿
վŹɵĵͷ
ǡ
ͰѸղվŵˣҷֱĲ
պվſӡ
ƬǸƭ˵ĺöΪǶȵ⣬Щֵֹ룬Ұȫֹס
ԭվŸճվŰԵǿƵӣƬôôƵһ
һ߷һ߸ԼĬĬϴԡ
ǱģȻҪᣬ۸ǾøҰɣ
ζֹҫ
ôɰˣôֻһ񾭲̫˷ˣ
صǣܹϲ߻κѾҸֵԶһҪ⣬һ
Ϊݣʼˡ
֮ķ˳ȥǾŹ񡭡
֮߿ʼϴԡ
ʵǲ˹޶Լһпܺȥڹȥˡ
ߵСǿ˵ģȴûж롣
ֱصȴܼһޱȣ֪վôģȻһһˣôᡣ
Ȼ˿ʼǳ˰˿
Ȼһֹ
Էʱ򣬹ϰԵĽվŷڻ뿪ԼƬ̣һһڵĳԣȻǽվŵĶӡ
ôԣ޵˸ţЩаĹ
ôԵСһϲ۹ѧʳõģǼʹʳĵطء
֪ʱ᲻Լϲ顭
޿棬ٳûеȵͶʳվŻײ̧ùӣʢһھ
վŲޣ񡣡
޺ЦСе³ˣǣΪʲôЩԼ˷ܡ
ץڻùļͷι˳㰲
ŵʱ򣬹۶û̧һ£߷Ӧܿ죬ֱӾͶԴϡڸŵ庮ˣҲһû
ǵ¾ȵ죬ͷһ⿴񾭲ιʳôְ̰
ǴվŵŮɣ
ҡ
վŴŵ·ÿɰÿɰ
õעӣվŵθֱӱˣ۾ȥЦе˵ǿҸҿɲܳϡ
ʧЦҧҧĶ䣬ֻɤСŵ촽ĺܺóԡ
վŴһ飬ƿ߾ֿ˹ޣĴһᣬڴ֮ͥǿ˹ޡ
սžͱֱ顣
Ȼǻǲļ
޷վźϲԼϲŹκʱϲվš
ʱ򣬹޲ſǣ߽˹ֱ˵Ҫʲô͸ǣǶġ
Ȼϱ۸ˣһԵֻᣬ޶Щü仰һȺִȥɻˡ
ҪĶṩģȴ˵ôֻ˵ã˺úƣǹ޿ɺѰ
ϣ޲ȥ
ߵʲôʲô
ΪĿأ޾ȥʹõĶȻ޵
ϴϴӼﷸˢõģָҺ壬һ޵й
ܺá
ǳá
ָӵ˸߲ңͻȻӲת壬Ϳһ˫ۡ
ĬĬ룬ƺҲ֪ˡ
Ӧлİɡ


116 
ߵĬĬŲ壬·ߡ
һֱԴϣɭĿɲУԶС
Դ֪ԼʲôǱܵĻܣǰûĪϾ񾭲磬ⲻˡ
û߱ȽϺá
С鲽Ųһ¡
ֻһ¡
߼󶼱
һϢţˢĶͣˡ
޹˹򴽣˵úøɣ̸̸ֻ
̸̸̸
ΪʲôǾò̸̸ֹô򵥡
վҲЩ֣ղŻúõģֻһ޾ͳ
˿۵ߣڿĵĹޣվŹѡ˼ԣ˾ͺãҲˡ
˾Ͳʲô¡
վӺ߾Ķʹˣһ㶼
޿ˣ׼ȷ˵һ˫һֱߡ
һһϵͳĵĬĬ̸š
Ϊ˱ⱻĥίͰ͵Ľͣˣ޹ģʵҲʵģ
ĬĬʮ㵱Ǹɵӣ
ɵۣҲǸ֪а˵ʱôûҼ
ϻ
ʱҵȫǵһǧҸֵĶģһʮҸֵСá
֤ǰţ߾бҪ͹޽һףֻܱԼڰ
̲סתתͷС˵ˣ·ԲȻٸ͵ֲҵĹˣɲ
΢߷վϣվҲӣãȻվŸˡ
򴽣ޱŤĵͷ
߰Цٺٺ٣ڱŹ޵ˣԻ᲻صõģ
еͷۻˣ˰춼û뵽ԭһֱ£û뵽
ԹĿ۹ޣԴɻߵ庮һԹղַɶ裿
庮ʼ磬˵㵹ù£

Ȼ˶ûͬĵ񾭲
һæ֮ãڵ죬»⡣Ȼ𵽹ؼõվǿʯ
ЩҺ壬պÿע˵оƬԴ˲˲ϱޱоƬ޸Һѡ
Ȼһµʱվ̲ס࿴ۡ
˵Ҳ᲻˺ͻȻͬˡ
Ϊȫָ⣬һĲ񻰡
ԭͨ嶼ǰɫȴԼ͸ŵ߲ʹΣǳȴȵĿͬһ㣬ƺΪʯԭڵ⣬ĺ
վ̲ס̾Ư
򴽣ڻ˵Ư
޵ᣬǻΧһЦɨסǿﻹǴһͳЦ⡣
ллĿ佱
һδҫ֮ûһСģ
վ̲ס˿ֿ˿ޣ۾ģֱ˹޵ĻȥⱧ˻
˫۾۵ȫ⣬Сޡ
һЦ֣̬֣ۺܶ࣬һ̶㣬û

޵үүʱ޲̫ϳɣһȻ͹ûʲô
һ񾭲һȽϡ
ɨ۶һֱӽվŲƵ˻Եıڻ
ЦӰʧ֮»ΣȻڵϡ
СС壬ȴ̺űһ˫ɫӣĿŹ޵ˣع顣
޴ߣ򴽣ò˵ӭءҡ
Цš
߷˷ֵ壬Χת˺ܶȦǺ棬˵ϵͳе֡
һЦ߱ڻԲԲԴС˵ꡫҪŶ
ͻȻЩ죬ź͹ȴоȫͬоϵͳȼĸо
ԴͻȻеʧ䣬ӣϲɡ
޲°͵վŵԴϣ⼸ԺúϢһ£󼯺ϣ񡣡
⻰ֱӾͷˣҲܺ⽻ˣһȥˡ

վŴӼͷǳĺ棬ϲģˣ˹޵һֱ˺
ĸоͬĲ˼飬ңԸоԷӵġ
޵һֱţΪվѾΧתʮȦʮӣ
ǵЦһֱţվţٿĹޣСˣ緹ʱ仹һСʱʲô𣿡



117 
˵ıķˣҲĹܼңͬʱҲսףԣ˵£ȫŶõĲóԡƤգգۣǸ˵ĸоǷǳᡣ
վָһԵߣĬĬֻöˡ
Ϊֻӵе޹ֲǱķˣΪʲôҪЩ۵Ķ
⽫߱ڻ˵Сˣõģ֣ź
κСƺΪһʼ趨ԭ򣬲ǸҵĺӣٱԲߣֱӾ͵塣
վŵͷϿ
ϲĻҰ͸㣬㱧ܿɰ
ŭǿ͵Ķ
˿ޣվһЦллСˣһչ˺ġ
֪Ϊʲô߾ãõΪĲһȥ
岻£һǴôᣬŲǹأЦص񾭲
󣬾ˣСʿģرĿɰ
޵ٴνȦڻŴ۾˵СʱӣҲңҪϲҡ
ϲ㣬ܿɰҲϲ
վЦĹɣشҲ档ȴе㲻ģԭģͻȻǸ
޲ģ
ϲ˲ϲҡ
ǵЦЩƮ죬ë΢µȾˣ˷ϧ
ʧ˵ʵ뷨ֻһʱ䣬޾õ쳣
վҡͷ˫գ϶˵һģϲ㡣
סС΢΢Ħ̧ڴףһ˫һ˫˵ӦҵһҪܷڣ֪Сţ
֪޴ӦҵҲܷڣֻϲң㲻ñ㡭ԴĲվ۵һ˿ɺ졣
Ϊʲô
Ҳϲ˭Ҷϲ
վƵģıסñŻ̲סɱôɲԼһİɡ
ͻȻе㷳꣬վŵԴ˲壬һૣҪӦң㲻ܶκ˺ãһ㶼ܡ
Ǻǡá
ϵ̲סЦ⣬Դݼˡ
ſڽ￴ţ߱ڻصǣͱʹšϰ죬ûɿ
꣡
Ҳ͵񱣡
۵һֱЦ⣬˵ദ۵׵ɫǳǳʣÿˡ
ʱˣת߷һԣ˵ߣô֪ҵϵͳ⣿㲻ϵͳʲôģ
̲ס˶
ЦǿԼߣôоеΣա
Ǹʲô£
ߵСצأŤͷ
⵹ǲ⣬ֻĿһۣϵͳҲ̽ˣ͸ղűʱ˺ܴǵǲγ˵㡣
Բۣ
ɶʱ̽ϵͳˣ
զ֪
ңѾľȻҳԴˣȻϿɡǺʲôϵ
һᾪһգЦ᣺޸ҵȨ
ߵĶֱӾ͵ɴ˳
ҵ񰡣Ǹ񾭲ȻܸȨ
ӵܹܲˣ
е㻳ɣǲǱԴһǸƳŪˡȻĻôһԴϣӻܲٿƵ㡣
Ȼǲɷϣˣֵĸо֪ǲΪǸݹģԱܵľ;úǣȻ߲ϡ
ܿˣһǹŵʽһ档
棬һЦҪлл㣬ȻõĶܡҺܿġ
ĬĬΪʲôĸо
ԴסСצЦСߣԺָ̡
ֺĸо˵ǰչСʱôҲǸ񾭲ɡ
ĭ߾Լһˡ
ҡҡԴĬĬ˵ԺҪҺõ㣬ҿľˣ
⻺һ˫ĿĹ⵭΢쳣ŵ˵ܸԺΪЧ͡
˵𡭡
ͶһУɫǲԵģ
ĬĬŤͷƨɾͶˡ
ӣ̲סԴ
ĿǰΪֹǵһμô̵ϵͳڶĸߵԲͬȸӷḻ
УҲԼûôµ
뵽ԼӡĶ
΢ǵݣҪȷһ¡
򴽣
⵱ȫȥʱվ۾ģǼ񵽱һ
ģһЦ۵ɤ쳣ĳȣСˣԺʲôԸңⶼΪ׼
վ۵׽һָĹ˵Ҳ𣿡
Цץ֣ĹƻȾϢɨվŵļ⡣
ңСҪԼ鷳ˡ
ôԣ


118 
Ц߹ɵһԣܴ󷽵İվŽ󣬡˵ѹϣҧ
վſŹķǳ档

ɨ⣬ȴûԴһŭ
ƤգգۣȫϾһôˡ
ǳɳϵͳĿǰǼߵȡ
˲ϲһԼүҲȻ֪
޵ԸΪ˷ǳ࣬˵ɹȴȫΪүӽеź⡣
˽޵ˣҳүĴڣԹ޶ݡ
Ǿʮĥϣ޲ϿĴڣȻڼ䷢»Ŀġ
Ǽ֮ǰ޿ɱڿɰˣܿģôˣúõġ
֤ĸı䣬Ҳ֤ٹ⣬ȻҲ֤ǰܺ;
ֻûüοͱȺֿˡ
һֱŹޣ۵׶˵
վڹ޻ŲŲС⣬ҪĿҲϲ
һЦ۵ɤϣºͣĲ˵һ
ֻˣСҪԵ˵ĻʱҪƣŻҪңôǣ̫Żһֱˡ
ƣ
վŵĹעԶǶԵġ
۾ɨߴĹޣɫ۽ǣ̲ס˹ظ˵վ˵
أҪƵŶ
ʲôƣ
С˳ˣһģҪż
վŵ̲סڹ޵ϣ֣۾ĿرĺڴѾǴˣڸҰɣ
̲ס£˳Цŵ⣬۽ǿվţһʱ֪˵ʲô
Ȼ޲˵վŵЩܾº˼ʼڴЩ
޿˫ĿʼʧͻȻԭ׼ϢվȻѣ۾䣬ҧҧ޵Ĵ
ˣĬĬӣʱÿʱҪԹ˳
һֻʵĹܼҡ
⻳ֱըëˣү⣬ⶼʲô
ң
Ȼȫס죬ȺҪ̻Ҽҵľžţ
߸иžһֱ⻳ţκӰⶼֻǿ¶һ˫ۣ˵ˡ
ڵãֱӴ뿪ˣ
ԣֱʧûܷ
ΪʲôûֱΪĸˣ
Բۣ;ĥģ
ӵܹܲˣ
жķ䣬ķ񣬵ǺֳºͲͬ
ӽڣ翪ϣգצߡ
ү⣡֪֪ҼҾžźܵ㶼ڽ̸ʲôʲôнƣС棡
⾲Ŀڡ
ҳȥΪҲܳȥѾľҪȥѵޣ
ĬĬһۣˣСȫõʲôӣѲɲ֪
Ҳ̸ܽЩ߰Ķĺı˭ߣ
޶վŹռ͹µˣֶһ⣬ԺվŲ汻Եġ
ȫ죬޶ԼĶռߣסѾˣǱȻڵʲô
㣬㡭
գ˵ʲôңô֪صݣ
ҵһϻͨȻȫĳңұܴʩǳãһȫ롣
룡
߼УһСƺ֪Լ˵ʲô
ƽֻ۵״ӣ޲㡣
һҭͻȻ֪ȴ룬챻ֱӵ˳
ֻȾ⼸ҪҽϢһжİȫԣĻ޻ǿߡ
֪ĻƾʲôֻңߣžҲòȥ뿪ң
Щίֱεĸоرġ
վŻǹޣƺԸͨϢʱζվŵĿܡ
һֱźӣǸͺӲˣ
޺վţ䱸ǿҵΡ
⿴̲סЦЦԴֻҪ֤İȫͿԡ
ƲԴԼŲһ˵Ҫô֤ҵϵͳڲ趨оԵ֧ȨԼҳģھžŶãˣ
⻺ȥԼ£¶ݵ塣ܿ죬ಿ¶һֵʯ
ֻҪͨ޾ͿͨҸܵ顣
ǿʯʱߵĶȻ𾪣㡭ôʯ


119 
ʱ̽ʱûз֣ʯͷôŶԣݿʯͷ
ǣȻС
۵Ĺʯɳߵǰ㶵ʱ˿˿Ƶߵů⽫֣ҿߡ
ܿ죬ʯع飬ȴȱһǡ
еκģ̫ղŷʲôֵֻҲʼı䣬ЦſţֱһŵС޳֡
ɫĶ̷ֵһ˫Ƶۡ
⽫ڻָǰıǣŻ䡣
үԤԵľߣվ𡭡
Դ̧ԼεԴŭѾĵ׸ɶ
ЦԴ˵㻻ÿ塣

ʱ߲Ȼɵ㶵ĿԼźһ۵Ķ̸첲ӦѸٵĻ˸ӳ
ɰŮ޵ʱ߼УΪʲôŮӣŮӣọ̀
ԴϵĶ̷ЦǸкӣ޻һ
ߺ˵һӾͰˣ˫ֵס۾ûˣ
Ӥʵ⻳һڣŭ˵㵽ʲô߶ûи壬ôģ
ֻǴ򿪳ɳϵͳҰһ¡
ɻô֪ϵͳǣϵͳʲôţ֪ģ
Ǹʯͷˣ
һЩû˺ģ̫㲻á
㶣ĵɻѽ⣬ȴûж˵Щ£ҪԼġ
Щ̫ϰ̬߾ֱӵˣ⽫ʱסȥ˵´Σ
һǾȽϺá


꣬ʲôҪ
ɶ㰲ȫ˲
ţ㡣
һǲףҵϵͳƿʳ߳ɣ׻ʲô
ĳû⣬ȫҲû⣬ΨһһߵʱԴվһδԽ
У֪ôҲˣǴžžߣ
ڣҿת

գգۣĬĬ룬һΪղŵѣϵͳˣԣˡ
ǲϱ仯Цԭȷ֮ͨǿԵģŵĻԿҷһȻҪȡһЩӦû䶯Ŷԡ

Ȼ߿ֱ֮ӼгɶҸֵңһͼһ㡣
һ޿ӣЦԴ·ϣҴ·
үӵĻƺʼҪһˡ
߿ƵץҪȴˡ
Ŷ
ȻܣҲûġվſʼϵע˱硣
ҪҸôĻǾǣˡ
ھǰתת˳ŤŤƨɣߵĴ۾գţԼһèװǳŵ˵ҹȻȹȣ
ţȡ
ĬĬ֣
ߵһ·Щ£˫קֱۣСģԵһ
¡
ֲԵŲ£

ҪӣҲҪ࣡ѧˤ֮߱ƮڰУֵӤƨɶ⣬һꡣ
ʧЦǻʮİοѾվˣӦ壬ϲġ
ϲ
С߹ԡ
֪ǲΪ̫ᣬǣ߻Ǳ˳ëˣȻŤƨѧ
ʱվŹ˯ҲΪع飬޵˺ܶ࣬ѵ÷ſԼ˯Сˡ
ѧòʱųǻǲ뿪Ĳһɿ߾ͺͰץһϡ
Σû뵽Լᵱ̰֡
ŵĹ޵üƺܾ棬վŵٺ󣬵ˣ
ס
߼˹£ûôˡ
򴽣ΪãȻأ˷⣬֪ʲô𣿡
߲м弶ѣһ
վأ뿪ߣ˲վĶˣ˵Ŀӡ
ڽ㲻Ϊ˽𣡹ޣվǸ壬ж˼˸ûȨȦ㽫ҲûãǾߡһ죬㣬Ȼ㣡ǸʱҵǶĶ
߿װɵɵ
Цָ⻮վŵգ۵װƫִҲпᡣ
ҴߣǾߵǰǣᷴң
㣡
ŵġ

ЩصĶһֱȥվֻҪУҪҶ㡣
ҡ


120 
һᾡȫɣʱùȥȥ
ޣƾʲôȥҵȥ˵Һ;žһģԶ
ҲҪ
һһ٣۵ɺ죬ǷҪһ
㲻ҪôʵǣҺǷֲ
߾ԼǷˣǻ̲סҪй˽˿־塣
ԣҿյ㡣
ͻȻڣ߲֪ΪʲôͻȻһ¡ʵǿʯͷʱĵ׾Щ
ǲ޵еĴڣÿ趨ʱ򣬶иƣǿʯͷ˵ʲô
ҡ
ҲעҲ˵
ĿڣԴǼſ϶һ˿ֵ۵ָ
ʯһֽʱη壬ۣĶͷϣһѾѹߡ
Ȼûֳ⻹ǿԸоĲȻֻܿš
⵹ȷһЩ¡
߽ģ۾ᣬҧע֪ҾԲ㣬Ľѣ
۵һͫɫԪؿٻۡ
ˡ
߹ŲӣǿĿѾˣҲѾˡ
ǰһ߻󣬿Ź˵ޣС˵ľҪӰĽ롣
Щɣᵽܣɫһһףղ˵ʲôܣ
ͷš
߲ûʹȥϵͳùһ
ǸС̬ˣԵġ
Ǹ񾭲ͰˣĻѹʯͰˣǸȻܣ
ĲûˣȴܷϵͳӰ졣
ϵͳҪռӹ죬ϵȴĨɱռ㣡Ҳ˵ԪػУĻܵˣ
һҲᣡ޻ָ
ԭŸַķʽʵǣȫͽͣ
ֲвԼ
̫࣬۵һʹ˳ûľ
ǻӣֱǵ
ۨDD
ߵĿһһȫڷйơ
վһԣڵϿ޵Ъ˹ޣ֪òðο
޷꼫ˣߣѾǳˡ
ʲôޣ
ҿ޻Ҷˣ׼ҿҾͿޣͿޣͿޣѾҪˣȾžˣҾʹ״бɱңɱң
ΪҲң
ɱɱɱŶǱ۸һأ
̾ô͸Сһȫûϵͳݵӡ
СߣΪãҪ
޵ѾЩѹƲסˣȻѾﶥˣΣֻý߱ڻﰲ
ʵҲµģ֪η࣬ԴĻһֱ䡣
ɨüĹޣ̾ӹ޵ľεӦֱӸǳܣܵģϵͳǵġ
ǲдƷǸǱƷ
Ȼ
ԭֻ֪ϵͳȽƵСķϵͳԻϵͳ
޲ֹһξߺʧܣΪĸ̫࣬͸лӡ
ǣ߲ͬеĳɳϵǳߡ
Ķĸλϲ
ҳɳζŲɿء
߼ǵԼ񣬵Ҳǻٵ·;
ĿռԽռһ̶ȣһ񶼲ɣֻһǾռ㹻ȥԼ
ƺû뵽ʱʧ󣬲ԼҪվţϵͳǲûоã߱ﶼԽ롣
ҲΪһȱڡ
վŵľҪߣ߲£ӣ֪δǺ¡
ֻû뵽Ὣʯֳȥ
𣿡
ûС򴽣ͻȻޣǵүԤ𣿡
ԭȻҲе
ʱ㲻ţҲţںǶԵġϵҵʯôȻվšү˵ˣԤʾţ˿
Ȼۣ˵졣
򴽣ɵ֪үҵĽҲ֪һ˵ǰûȤôء
ȥ
ޣ߰ɣǶá
Ҳ
үӦܻɱ֣һɱأ
Ǿҵʬ壡Ҳֻҵģ
ҵһ֪ԭ÷ŭ


121 
ǰĹ޴ûνŭҲбҪڣûи顣
Ǵ˿̵Ĺޣ͹ԣ۵ױŰĿɲɱ⣬ʵʵŭ
̲סЦȻԼĿռȡһССоƬڽ
ү͸ү˵ϣ濴ꡣ
ˣղǸԤүֻ˳˵ģأҲֻ̽̽Ķѡү˵ܶԲΪѾͷҪȷġ
Ȼסת̫죬ϵıЩ֡
ֻǣ޶ϵɲϵеڴͷ
ЦȻʬ峤ˣǷǳģأ㣬ȻҲһ𿴣ھͳɣүӵĳ趨Ǻܹġ
еĶӹȥ֮ŵϿ޹߾ߣҲˣ䡣
ˣһ£үӲǸһСڿԴˣҲ֪ȥˡ
⣡
ˣʱȥǸӣү˵ˣûǸҪԶһȢϱˣ
ʲô˼
¡
ŭ⣡ˣ
ڰ֣⣬޹˵ˡС填
߾ˣȻ֪ղǵ˵ʲôǿ뷢̲סЦ
޴ִǿԼ侲ͼǸʲôǸģѹ֪ȥˣ
ү뿪ȥѰĸʱûᵽҪҪֻ˵㴦

ȻսеĶͼ飬޿ССоƬȻ˫
Ǹ̰ͷǸʡ͵ĵƣǷʲôֵĶʲôôأֲĸо
ʲô

üվ߷˸СȲʵĴϣջ˲䡣
ʧЦڻ߻ǾþõͣоƬϣ΢ûסоƬԼĸ˶
Ϊ˰ģǰһˡ
ֻǺܿ죬޾ͺˡ
оƬȥһ˲䣬Ļͱǿд򿪣ȻƵȫǲĽ̡̳
صǣǲܹصģ
ܿ죬ͳһ֣
װүү͸֪᲻ĿԣϸʡɫûɫүүҾǰģһ£
лң
ݰˡ
ҧ׵ͷȻֹ
ңصǣԭʲ忪ʼת̬Ȼǹ޺վš
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122 
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ѹ޻ܲ͸磬ңķϵͳ˶ſڳ롣
⻤˵ӣֲҪĸо
ҲãҲɴ಻ԼˣҲԼԭʡǮպϴպסڲˣֱѡ˸Լϲķסˡ
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󣬹޵СԺӱһ߰ķΧ
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124 
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۶ǶĹǳϸһ֣оƬᱻǿĨһᱻ֣Ϊ˶ʱռҸֵҼܵĸ
߳ӣ˷ܾҲӣúȡ
ָ̲ס˴գվ˵ʲôڡ
ᵽޣߵЩܣҭ˵ΪҲˣһѪ˶
ң㶼ôˣȻû㣬ߣȹЩһ궿ˡ
ʱ̽ˣҪӦѾԶˡ
Źӣ֪վŴ˶ûаģһᷢŭһܵס
һֱҲûҹ
ɤͻȻȻŤͷͿڰУ۾ţôģ
Ҹֵ

Բۣˡ
߽ߣȻϽվţһһҵ
ǰ˵û֪ҵλãġ
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ίŭ£վŵ߾⣬ϵͳǱģһڣֱ߲ܲӾͷйˡ
̫ˣžźúõģžǰô࣬Ǹ֪ںޣ


127 
վŵ̻һ̶Ӱ쵽ߣԽϲޣԽޣϵͳ趨Ҳ
վţ͹ޣһģһѲˡ
סһЦԴ˳˵ʲôҰ㣬˺𣿡
ûǼͷ
ղǵĶԻһ֡
㾹Ȼ͵˵¸ˣСָ⣬ıˡ
̾סС֣ҵ趨ǣڷΧڻ
ŭǾ͵
úúã͵ôڣܺú˵𣿡
Ҫ
վ̲סЦۣ˵ķҲɢ˺ܶ࣬ߵ˵ҲôƢ㲻࣬ȻĻ˭Ȣ㡣
ҲŲҪ࣡඼
ŶҲˡ
Դй֮˺ܶ࣬ڵϣվŵȣƵ֮ǲȥģҲҪæߣ
ƺûʲô¡
һģ
һξһϵͳôĽ飬첽ǰֱӾץߵļָಿ֣˵Һһģҵʯһ֣

˵ĺеܾˡ
ڹˣվŹʿ˸񣬡Сˣϣǰȥһϣܿ㡣
죬ÿзӦֻǻվŵ֣ڻ˯кܲǵһΡ
Ҷڹ˵վûܰסǲ뻹ǲ룬޵ŭԳܡ
ڶǵãСʱƤһһεĹֻûܷ
վſɱз
ô˵Щ˶޹ģⲢϣΪ˶ܷǲɿصܷ
ûоԶԶ֪޵ŭжء
˵ԲȥѵҪ۸𣿡
վŶӣ߱ڻﰲ֪ǱŵˣԴʵȫ𣿡
š
ĴѾˣϾˣûʲôãֻˡ
Ҫ𣿡
Ҫ
ߣ
ԴվŵĻ߻̲סһۡ
ļһȻԼǰˢƻ
΢ͻȻ˵СˣչС߰ɣȽϷ㡣
վŶ£Ȼȴûж˵̽Žݸ⣬߰ųǺܹԡ
վ̲ס࿴ۡ
ӣ޶Լʱ򰡡
վŵһλȻԭϵͳҲǻġ
߱վſе㲻˼˵ĵ׵ĸоСצֱϣŭϽɻʱȣ
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ϵͳܸߣǼ򵥣վȫûݵֻ֪˵صѡ
ȫ룬յ˹ķͨѶҪ

վĬĬȷ
ķֱӳ֣žǼϺŭĴɤվţϽǣҲС
վգգۣȻĬĬʱۣһк£С˵͸㡣

ķ˵ǻ¸һȡ
վĬĬ򿪣Ȼʼ߳Ա޹˵йޡ
˼ԣҲνɶ¶йޡ
ķԹǱڵη֣ƺҪһ㣬ֻһվſԿ϶ķǲԸ޵ġ
ģõĵȻ˳
ķ˫΢УĶҧгݵĸоôĶ޾˷
ҵϲ
֪ûҾǹĶŸɰ

վ۽һָһź޹˵ô죿ҾǷѳ޾ǳңҹ鲻ãͻС棬С棬ʱһһײˣɲҡ

ķüģվѾͷҲ᲻رһ˫۾ʱĵ׾ݸС
һ꣡
һһ꣬Ǽʷɷɲ˵˽Զ̣ңΪĻϣһҲɡ㿴θôãһϣҳʱ˵ǶҶӣӰҲá²Ӿѽţ԰ҹؽȥ˵۶ǼĻʳǳãұ֤ǵģҷġ

ķе鴤վŵϢ˵һ㣬θڴ֪ǵһŮֱӹߣΪܷΪ١
ڵΪսңӦ֪Ҫۣҡ
̧̧Ѿյĺӣվ˵޹Ҷ¸ˣ㲻ҪܹҲɡ
ķͷϵ£ҧ˵ǹͲҸ


128 
վųգ۵͸£ҪУô֮ǰҳʱˡ
Ͳ¸鷳
ֲ֪ʲô˵ˣŲ˵ҡ˵ˣ޷죬ڶûʼأҺܹԡ
ķüվ˫̫峺ۣ˵ĸо
ǲʲô
ķ˶٣˵֪⣬ѵ£廹֪Ϊ˹ޣֹͣ
ھһвң
С
Ҳô죬㲻Ҳû취𣬲ȻҲˡ

ķվ۵׵âͻȻ뵽£ѾͷƺҲǸ̵ģӦ°ɡ
졭
£ǹǹûҪ𽵹ҽ͡Ҳòɣûж⣬ʮӣͻָ
վ˵ǳ򾲣ȫȻǸղŹӣʱվţŴݣȾ˲Ϣ
Ȼ˵ôعҪͷȥĳͷҪ˵޶ԻҺ͹ѧ顣
վü
ķӦҲ㸽εΣӦøеʧһס
һֱĬͻȻڣǱô鷨
޵Ļع飬ע˻Һ͹޷ƽ
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۵״Цһ࿴ķ۵ףɱһţȴҲ
ôͰնǰķʽˣݽף˽ˡǱ£Ҳ׼ľᶯҡ
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ôŬҲϢԼնֻΪҵҺ͹ɡ
£̫Բˡ
뷨󣬾ޱùҲССָһ£ûʲô¡
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ϾΪһĹܼҺʿΣЩеûõ⣬
ʲôģ˷ܡ
ķĵ𺳣ⶼ˵Ļôվŵλá
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ķҲˣܾԴ쿪ʼͱ׵ˣȻҲεһ
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ʧվŵľһӾˣȻܿ죬³ͨ
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Ǻܿͱˣɺܼ򵥣δڰĶޣҪ˵ҪǾҪ䡭
ԣôܹϢѡΪʵĸ衣һ׾ҹԴƣ׶˸衣
ΪֻΪռҸֵվŸ𳪸裬߸ҸֵݣֱӰе繵ͨˣϾЩ²ʲôģ˵Ƕġ
˵Сѻ̫Щȫ⣬Թţ²۴ǸҸֵ
վһֱûָ裬ӡĶ̫࣬ӴŻᷢǵ
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Ŀ֮࣬ڶѾһٶˣڿ
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ķԭôǰ˴ˣǲ֪˭ͻȻǿ緿һ˲䣬վŵĸʹǵĶ
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ķʱ;Ҷȥ뵽ѾͷֵļᶨһӣɴʱżƬ̣˶ȥˡ
˴ˣ˸ˡ
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Ѿܶ࣬վŻͻȻˣɲͨǿţȴٳû졣
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Ϊֻռ˵ǰƵȴǺǵӣϵͳһˣЩȫע
ʱվźֹ
ٶˣ˾޸ĸߵҩ⣬ֻܻ޸˵ҩǳɹֻаٷ֮塭ֻܶһġ


129 
Ĭ£˵ŻҪһοûôˣķǻԼԿˡ
ü˵ţΪҩܹһʮܻһ֧ܿ죬Ҹֵޣڶǵǲɣһ̶ϣҸֵڱ״̬
ٷ֮ųɵ˶վţĻҸֵŻɱ
վŽë΢ͻȻ˵ǵϴԳ°ɣҼǵֻҪйؾͿԣǿд򿪸жϵʾϴεСƻһܼ򵥣״
Ƶֲ¶
üͻȻ˵̵ﲻкܶȫʽĶװҸɰĸžŴ
һ֣ռͻȻŤͷУѵҲܽҵϵͳ
΢ըëߣһ˵˺˵ġ
Ҿ֪ѾǸ
ԣǸ
ֱӸͣ˵ĲЦ⡣
վСһָȻǰ˵޵Ļ
ԼĶͷƲ죬̵¶оһ֣ЩǿԷֹӵģҵҸֵ㣬ѡ
Ǵ󷽣׬˼򣬻ֻô˵ġ
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ʱͻȻǳ󷽵ĻĻ˶
Ψһʿ⣺
ΪûǼವĹЦ
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ռҸֵһҲǰ
ɪĻ壬ˣԺһҪװĽЩˡ
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ԶԵվź⣺
һߵϵͳΪʲôԽԽСˣó
ȻһһϵͳҲֹߣǸոյϢ˲䣬ߵĺĻֱӾʹˡ
ҡ
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װĸǣ尢ǣΪ˸Ǵ֣ǿǶŷǳǳǳѹһвÿŶ
ίͰ͵˵꣬;СȭͷһӲԶͷӡ
ǣЩѶ򲻰ǣΪǵĿ֣ȥΣΪ˶ݵĿ֣һɣǵĿ֣ĲƸ
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ķʽиôǣǳĴǣǱо羯ͬʱˣĿǰܰȫһֺ貽ﲻ԰Ρ
ķŴЩ̲סζˣ˳ǣҲֲϵҡš
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ѵа̲ɣ
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һ֮һףһһ飬ֱǿжϡ
߿Żָ磬ڿ˲䲻Ҹֵ۾ȫŭСצָ߷ߵҪɱ㣡
˲䣬ֱһ죬ͰסԴڵĿСצ
Сˣʱ䲻ˣҪ֮ǰȥȻĻ˼㣬Żܵޡ
ޣ
վ£Ͼȥ
һЦ˺Сˣ̫׽ˣֻҪöԷ˵£¡
ͷϣֱӱԲСֱۼ䣬Ȼֱʧԭء
ת˲ͳڹԺ߻ЩɣһͻȻŭ𣺡⣡ľȻҵ
˸ҵġ
㣬ѵҪ𣡡
߷ε̾ԲԴ˵˸ңҿãһαȽżһһģһᾭͬģһҾͲòã


130 
ߵСצЩţԱ˳ëˣŤŤ˵ôң
һЦôԡ
߹ԼС°ͺһᣬԼ˵ɽܷڣ
üצӰ¡
ڲԺˡ
վųֵ˲䣬Ҳվ󣬿۵׾ǵ⡣
庮Ƚ侲ǰ˿һװ̲סϵСǡ
վŽñժֱǣȽϷ㣬ҿȥ𣿡
У
һԣԵɣ̲סĵ׵ļʡ
жҪù˯жŶռ
վվ۵ףһ˫Ŀ̧鷢ɨɨΧ¶ӵˣһЦ
޾ӦҪŮһЩҲǣʵǣʵסҡ

վŻǰԪؿʼ߷ŵĻ򣬻Ļ
վŵָҲһŻ棬ˣб任Ųͬӣǿġ
ǣЩȴף塣
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ǰŰ˿ǣ޷й˲ѹͷȴԶԶ
ĵ׵ĺڰԶЩС¿ԷйģڿǷǳá
վȻɰϲȴǸ˼С̬Ҷڹ޵ռǳߣҲܸߣ֡
صǣŹ޳ˣ

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ֱûݣ
Ժһǳʣ꣬˲˵첲ȶеͲסįˣĻסء
ϵ΢ЦԽԽͣżιȥɨְվţ۵׾ݣĬĬס̤ж
ڹ
ڹޣĵλǾԵġ
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šû£Ѿˣܺװȥ
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գţ޴ҪŮˣҲһ
ҧгݿڣԭ¾޵˫˿̶ǳɫȻ쳣ʹǻǾǿ
İǣҪά
ֻٲҪ㣡뿪ɱ
һ˻ɤƣ֮ģֱľѹ
Ҵ֪ҪҾ


131 
ɤʱһֱӽվžסˡ
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ҡ
뿪ڣֱס޵ҶС
ղη嵽ĿֲϢ˲ʧʣµģȫ
֪ĵ׻ʹѡ
һֱҪˣڣǸһֱˣȴѱΪ±
ί
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˵ᣬСͲ޹
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վſһƳͻȻ˫۽Ȧסڲ֪룺ޡDD
վȻޣѹֱӸסˣҵİᣬ۾ȴ˶һ㡣
ľս
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Ҵˣ

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š
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΢ѹƫͣȴѡһַʽ΢Դʧ˵˵㻰СǲǻᲹҡ
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վŵóһЦŲԶգգۣ˸OKơ
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بDD
̤տڣͱصɢȥײǽϣһѺۡ
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ҴӦ̤裬Щ²ἰҾбҪࡣʱ򣬾̤衣
˵꣬ȫ޷ţȴ֪޴м˵ѡ
˫ĿȾʹǿ˵ǡƭҡ
޳գЦЦᣬĲĲ̣̤裬ΪһôõϷ
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ɫԽԽס
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޿Ƿϵ̤裬ͻȻЦЦ죬˳㶼˵ˡ
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̤һȻ̧ͷ˵ޡղ˵ʲô
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̤迴ʱͻȻ첽ǰ˫ַļϲţŵժϵߡ
㻹š
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̤裬þò
޵͡
򴽣ΪѵĿ̤裬̾˿
ǰȥ֮زԶСǣ˵ҪĶ԰ҡ֮˰Сʱ˵ңܵ
̤ɫԽҰףЩɬ˵ôᡭ


132 
ʱõڲЦԲŸ˰ɣҲʧҲ˵ϲҾȥˣʱҸޡ
򴽣ǳ˴ӵٵǿСǡ֮ұһӶȣҵն֮ǰƻұעһֵҩ޷þңҵľҲ⣬ܼϵ
̤ٳδ
ϵǵʱҵʱһϵҵ岻ظһΪ˾ңֻýҳڷӪ֡
ȥ֮صʱҸѲã廹ڿУһͼϵǣȴֹˡ
֮ɱңһγɹˣһһΡ
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ҶֲȤ壬ΪѼǧ˵ĹϣθҾͶЩɣϾźü
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133 
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޾Ŀ뿪ϵ׷Գ£֮ڣ׷еĺۼֱҵΪֹ
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֪Ҿͺݺģ
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134 
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Ľ˲俪վŸ˷⡣
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135 
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ڹҧгݵʱҲ֪ʲô˲õˡ
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136 
õԤȷʵˣ޸վڻ¾رԣɫհ޾ֱȥĹء
ҹͽĴҶкһ飬Ҫ׶
ڶԼڽڣһı¶ڴ֮ͥ¡
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ܲˣƫƫվţӶ̫ˣŲжôҧгݣ
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С̫ɰˣ֪ܲܽ졭

޿һˡ
ϳǣСӣǰ겻䡣


137 
޴΢˫ϣĹ⣬Ժеվţĵҵġ
Сӣ
֪ʦص
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ϾãԺѧУûˣУֱΪЩӲġ
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붼룡
үү£Ҷû㻨Ǯ
ðžҪ١

ܸо綼ںԣΪʲôô˶վӦ͹ˣ
޵ϸоĪ񾭲ôûãѲˣ
룬ȻҲһ㡭
¹޵ֱӺˣɨһ֮ĬĬҼСŲҪǮԶ㡣
ͻȻԼˣ˵ֻĴǴɡ
СʱǷǳϲԼģȱǮȱʯȱйʱ򣩡
ΪһԼүһͬķСȻһУԣĶǾܾ
رүºϣֻȥĳ嶯Ͼһ֪ȥˡ
΢޲վţ򴽣˿ϣգ˵Ҽҵġ

˵ǰûֳռǵõһϢ֪ҪҪ˵
ǰ£ɵӣȻٿԿֻû֤ݣЩȻû취֣Ҳ㡣
һһˣСӹƻ׵

ôϲֻСţӦǲΪǮ˰˿ıҵɡ
š
ӦǲģʱǳŰ˿ôĴʱ䡣
Ϊһ϶ɲϹվǲͬģңϲǸŮɰˣ
Ǹ
Сҵģ
˵
붼Ҫ룡
Բֱۣûˣ浱ͷӺ۸ߣ˵ˣ


138 
ϾȥʱСô죬ûϵ
ֻڲúϣһĻᡭ
ϧû
޵ͣƬ̣û˵ϼһѾܺˡ
վŵľһֱתתɰСָͷڹ޵ıϴȥģޱЩ
ȥ棿
ӣСʹ˼¡
վʹͷţ𣿡
Ц˵Լգվſһ£⣬ͽſ
ţ档
㣿
ţġүү
ЦЦĿϣϾ;ЩŹֵеΣš
վŵ۾Ȼ˳ְҲϣˣޡһġ
۵׵еڴء
վ뿪֮Ҳ˲øղֵĸоˣ
ףϽȥЩ£˵ʱˡ
վһ·ǳͨ裬Ϊߣ󻹸Źû취ʱ䱻ĲҪҪģҲڵʱŸҳ
Ϊʲô
ǰ쿴ԼһվţûסֵͬģֱȥžһڣȻͱˣ˺ö죡
ԣǵûг
СֻֻޣҡһƱ˵ע⣬û취ǲô޵ģȻСѾͷݺ⡣
Һܶ˶ԶòԶԶģֻſɰޣϵѹǿǵľ嶼ЩܲסĲ
վСĵȴֻСħһƬ
Ƕңϣտǡ
ססס
һ˵Σ⼸ҸֵѾû˺һﾹȻΣյ뷨̫ˣ
졣


ιվţ
һϤ
վŶٲ˳ԴȥͿһ·ܹһӡ
š
ӳУȻ˲á
ĳ֣˷׷׺ˣҲ֣һ˽
ע⵽ɫ֣ʾǺˡ
Ǹ
֪ʳ𣿡
˵ʳúܺóԣӦóԱ˵
֪֪
ܸҴ·𣿡
ð
վ˵ʲôͷɵֻСޣĻӶе㻳ɣǸӵǲһٵӵ¡
ʱΣʳõ˺ܶ࣬ȻǱԵʱ䣬ҲֻѾѧˡ
ԣʱΣ֡
վųֵ˲䣬˴˵ߣϲлмߡ
׶ʱվŵĴ۾УˣӡǷǳá
׶վŵʱ򣬸첲̲סһ£ʱ䣬ƣǸûЧ
϶һɡ
ǰ׶ߴʵͽվ£ԼӰʾȫվϡ
ҪŰƣ
Ȼͷȴû취Ϊֱ۵Ӱ죬ʱھٲȥˡ
վźÿ۾һУƤĹ˹ָ׶򴽣ͷüζӡ
վŭһ㡭
ԴӹվվžʶԼĸͷ˵ѾڳҲôˣҲ˵Զֻܵ޵һ㣡
ڣ׶£Ȼһߣһߣ
׶ЩãȻվСһһ׵ģǿŮȫͬ
ͻȻܿɰ
Ȼ볰ֻû˵
ĬĬߣȻߣС˵òܣ
ߵͷʺ֣ҸŶҵĻ
˵꣬ߵͽڵԭأΪվɨ˹
վҧг˵㵱Ҷ𣡡
͡DD
׶Цټû뵽Ȼ˼˿ϲԱˣԸȷʵϲҲѹǸ˻ϲ
ЦʲôЦɵӣͦ
վŷ˸ۣ鳰˻ȥǸԿ
ں˸ּվŵԸ񣬼ֱǷһ䡣

ţǮҾ͸ˡ
١
ʮڣ
վűվھһ󵹳
Χ̫ǵĻǻʮӴ֣׶򴽣ƺ뵽ʲô
׶棬Ƭ̺Ӧ֪ⲻС
վŹ°ͣɻడǲҪһڵö࣬Ҽô࣬ࣿ

ңһо񲹳ѣһˣӪҲҪģصҼҵԺҲҪװޡ
ĲңԺҲҡ
˭۸ء
׶üıĴЩøУǻݣȻͷˡ
վţȡ֡
Ҿȡ֣ҧҰ
վʼ磬ΪȻ


139 
վſ˿Զļˣ΢㿴һʮҲܱˣϾҪ֪û壬Ǿǡ
վţ
ӦҲ˰ɣӰ졣
վ죬Ķ࣬ŴɤӼˣܰɣÿǲǶ˯ţ뵽Ҫɱңţ
׶ͷһûзϡ
֮ңҾͰƣң¡
׶Լ£Ҳٻ˼ˣǵӣӦöǹˣңλӦö͡
ҡ
Ƕĵܸߡ
׶ƿվԴŹɵЦݣһǴû·վţŵĻ٣ҫ۶Ŀ
ǡңһϡ
վԴ˵ţѻɫĽëɿţÿĵס
˵桭ӦЩʲô˼أϾˣÿһᡣ
򴽽ǣվ۵΢
ǳ£ûվŲ𣡡
סǵߣֻǳһ¶ѣϾû֣֮һȺˣֳ˵۹⿴վţ̫ʧ
£Ӧ֪Ǻг𣡡
ǼǾȡ
Ǳ
ˣȥ
ȻС϶ƫǾԵĴڣңͻ֮ҲٶʲôìܣЭ
ҴӦ㡣
׶
˾У˵ʲô
׶Ǳ˹ļ̳ˣӦҸܾܾ
׶׼ͬ⣡һӴ𣬡Ҳ׼ӦҽģĿɪպͰôʹ࣡ɱѾˣƣң

߾δ˵Ӷвرǹ壬һˣ׶Ψһһģ߻ȫɵ档
վţȻǸеģ̫Сˣؿڣ

߷ò׳ţôߵ⣡
վһЦӿռȡӣֱӾ˦ϣ庮˵ˣĴҵˣҪ룬ǸɾͶˣ
۵һָ̲סĶ
Ͱһ㣬Ϳˣ
׶ֽסıӣ˵վţǵ۶ѧĵط
վŹૣΪ˴
ԣûΪ˴
Ļ޻ܷйôĲ
ô꣬ƽе裬ڲһأˣᱣҲйġ
Ǵ򵥡
Ȼ庮һ˽ģǲɷϣãԳΪ޷йԭϲһ㣬ƿһ
庮˵ǰû㹻Կϵѹ֣ͷ̫ܵ࣬ȥûô
վŲʻᷢʲôֻ֪Ҫһڣɱ¾ҲãѪҲգϲĲء
һ뵽˷ܡ
޻Ϊʲôء
һһҪɵⰡ
վŵϢʼת䣬ϢЦΣռˡ
üʱվŶе㲻̫˵ΪһӽܵĶ̫࣬еҲŶԡ
Դӹվ֮վŵİȫƺ˺ܶ࣬ܶоѹԼǿԲڲ
ݲƺҲΪ޿ʼǿԭ򡭡
Żеϣɳκη档
ȻҲˣ˵Ҳˣֻѡ˷Σת䡣
޵뷨ԲµһӦҲϣֹֹֻռϣĸ顣
ֻȥָ˭ꡭվڣһС񾭲һǸȫε񾭲
ۣ̾Ѳɾ˼
׶վԭزֹǰ
վŽջأžһ˦ڵϣ˵ʮڡ
׶üҪڣվż
ʮڡ
Ϊ㲻𣡡
׶ĬһԵһȴûסվŵ̬̫ţΨҶӣȺˡ
վɨǸ꣬
ʮڡ
㣡
ȻԪأ׶Ӧ죬һžͽߵһԵϣֱѿһĿӡ
վţ䣬ҳϷ㲻ɡ
򴽣ôĻҪùţָһϷ
ǡʲô
ƶɤȴȾΣա

˵͵
뿪˶ʮӰɡ
׶Ȼһתͷ۵ȻĽޣվˣվˣ
Цţ
Ҫ

ͷ
š
ȻǳϷ


140 
ޣ
β٬ʱ΢Żȵĺ촽Ըˡ
ȴʳã˲䰲ÿ˶ĿŹޡ
ǻǺʱ򣬾ͲϵˣǸľһܶƽĺӣһΪĿꡣ
һΣʵʵĿֱޱȵ𺳡
һ˿ֻһͲģ֪ܱϳǹôôױܵˡ
һǸǿ
׶ģΪ˷̣ܺЩŤֵΥ͸С
ˣ
š
ҡ
ҡ

ΧӰţֻСվųԶ
վԴӹһ˫۾Ķ̬;ÿڸԹֿʼС
ʳãֱջ˷
˨DD
һҺֱһİࡣ
ҵС
Ậǣʹ˿̵Ĺˡ
ʱ׶ĹſСΪʱ߹ԭ·ɳ׺ʿûйϵˣһ޶Ʒĸо
˿̣һͰһ·ɫӣ
ӣֹŵֻӡƺûɫӣӶñӡ
ǡ
̡
ԭЦţ˶ù߿ѣİɫһ漴ȻСɰ˵ҲüįǸӣ硭һɣ

ĬĬһ
ղΪûע⣬ǿǾûԶȽϺá
˵ΣգôĻȻãЩսССһŵ⣬൱׺
ǵڲڿԼĵڵ۶ѧԺڣģǡѧ˺ʦϡᱻ۳ѧֵŶ

ΪһʿԾܾκ˵ľԣ׶ʿӭսɡ

׶Щѿ
ڵ۶ѧѧ޼ˣѧƣܶൽʮ궼޷ҵɼѧֵҪԡ
۶ѧʦԳߣѧսϾӮ档
ʲô£޷ǳˣعˣЩȫں
ԣھǣ򣬻ܻ֡
ǽҵպÿԸϾְλԣÿһʵҪǣòİ
ò׿Խ֡
ɫЦ⣬վһԣԳһ磬˵ߡ
ѵ㲻𣿡
Ҳ
׶Ӳ˵ʵЩڣܾù޲ôĵˡ
ǾȥˡվŽСͱбĻЩԣȳЩ庮ٰ򣬺òã
Ļһ˵ġ
ǵʳˮһʱĸоȲ˵ǮûǮ˵ļƣֱǣ̫ˣ
վŵͷѾˣھ庮Ͱ
Цá

ԲۣŸ
޳һαһοֲ˵ǰĵ۶С˿ûŰɡ
ȻϲɣĻ֪ûлᡭ
ǰΪӴڶͬһѧԺڣǵĻԾʹˡҺվǸСѾͷȣǿǿˣСͷСƽأžûʳ
ߵתת󣬽ЩԲתֱӴվš
뵱Ȼģԭĵվţһ˫ɨһ飬˶ĵף۾һתŹ޿ʼɨС
ޣһ˺ô죿
㿪ġ
𣿡
Ұᡣ
һϲô죬һĵġ
վ죬۾ᶼڴתļˣ֪뵽˺ģǻǲ뿴顣
ڣҾͰҶʣ𣿡
գ
ġ
ɣ
Ҷʣ
ԲۣײУ
վŵһЦһڣǳ˵ŲҪҪԼʲôģԼԸſģ
ǺǡЦĶĿ㿪ľͺãšҪҼСţģͿѧ֡
ģͿۡѧ֣
һ˶ˣ˻ô𡭡
š
ȥγ̣ϣûй޵Ŀγ̣ȻĻһվΪ˺涺ǣװˣѲҲۣ
ֲ̫ˣ
ȥǾƱϲҵˣ
ޣ浱һʦܴʲô𣡵۶ѧԼĹأ¶ܲˣƾʲôܡ
ǡЦ䴽΢Σգƾǹޡ


141 
㣡
һѧֹ㡣
ʱĳӣ͵͵վգգۡ
Ѿͷ̫ˣԺԻḻΪģģûţʱĻţ
ѾͷʹӦȺǣ
Уˣǹ޲У԰ƾʲôҪе
ȻҰףһ޷һꡣø֪Ҫޣһᱻѵ⣬ĻҪЦˣôԣ
̲סһ۹ޣԼӵʱ̲סۡ
ᵽ˱飬ֲý˵ޣһź
վĹޣֱ֮ӣϲ
ԽԽ죬۾ﶼǹ⣬վߣһϣ

ʲôϵֲù޳ôÿģ
֪ʲôվŵĴ۾ˣ۵׵ָͻȻˣǹԼѹŪѧУˣ
Ȼվŷ˸ۣ˫Ź޵ĲӣֱĽ࣬ռҪҪģ
ǴУȻȨһУײĴͬʱҲǵʦңǸȱʦƣ
ȼ䣬Ͼ˦˹
ơ
ôְλɲĵȻĲǸʦ
˽ķֱǵס
ǻǹܿޣá
ǳݵӢۣڻعˡ
ܶ궼ۿԽǽӴԽڴվ۷塣
˷ƣֱ
š޵ţҲһǸʦԣҪҿġ

Ĭ滳ɼһٵĹޣȻԸӣǣܾ仰Щ֡
ûᵽҪҿġ˼֮ǾУ԰
ң޿ĺͲģֻײк͸ײе
׶Ц߰ɣ
׶ҧˣֻΪѣȻĻ֣ڲʹܵ£ûзֵĻᣬοڻţ
Ŷˣ㻹ţȻǼλսҽӣǲֱѧĺá
޵ĻƮƮڼĶʢĿͣôܵסƣ
ǽܣ
ŶˣһҲᱻѧ֣İɣɻĿϣܷս𣿡
ϵһ⣬ԣԴӸ˹ޣܶϣ
ȻǺϵģֻҪս۶ѧӢĵطսҽӣô治ѧˡ
ԭǳѿ֮죬˵֮һǺҲۣҲۣǸɴͽѵѵ
ȻĻ֪ߵغ
ϿȺӣٿΧƽĺӣ˵ʧ
ȻǱ޳軵ˣ裬ɲǺ¡
Цô졭ָˡ
졭
̲סһ£ôģһ춼⼸ˣô˵ѧˣɸ־Ͳˣ
ͷҲ£͵һ𵱲аɣϾһ˫׳

УôΨ²ңΨԼҵѧУң
׶ϣ˵ϣѧУйأҪǧˣһƣ˵ֲͿֲ
۶ѧûйأЩ𣿡
׶ͻȻղţǴŭȻ΢Χ˻оǿߵѹ
Ĳ亮ֱð岻ܿƵɪɪţѿ
޺޸оܲס𡭡
ϰɨΧصѧٿЩԴְĹӵܣ˫ֱһ̣һֱľڿˡ
Ȼô֣ôͷҲ˳һϢˣӶӦ룬μӽʵӽ쿪ʼǻΪǵĽһֱѧᡣ
򴽣ϵ׻ǳе̫ˣҪûȤ
һ̲סҪء
ȻϲСţ˶Ƿʰһ㶼ɰ
վŵĲӱ޲ϵĲţ̲סЦ׶˳ȥЩ㱡
ǺЦ۵ᣬǸȫһǣǻеη塣
ͻȻ뵽˺Ļ˯ˡ
޲ӣ׶ͻȻ죺ʲô
޴ǻ鷳ˣĹϵ󣬵ȴмʹá
һΣȴͻȻפһеĹͻҶֻţܱҲע⵽
ⲻһС¡
޼ţָĦվŵĴૣ氡
׶һµƿԣϹޣûӮ


142 
˶Ѿ̲סˣһ޾͹Ǽˣڣ޾ȻΪ˸Ľ
ֻѧһ㣬Ҳǳ
𣡡
Уˣ𣿡
һ˼һ۵ȫǶǵͳݡ
Ʋ죬Ⱥ޴浥Щˣﹻ棬ȥ˼ҵ߻ôġ
УˡһΣһڶԱ𣿡
ÿ궼ĸµʵȴֳСӣÿһӵĳԱ٣Щģڶǻˡ
ҹǶռ˴ܶƽӶûлᣬһ̫⡣
簡ӶŰһĴڣûһôġ
һΣӵȫӳǿڲѡԱ
ѡΪǲŲϡ
ŹһЦƽȴһкܶ˶Կкѡ˵лᣡ
ңңǶŬģ
ԣǶŬģ
УʲôϡģһѡǼʲô
ԶǱģֻҪ뵽Ҫ˵ĳ̲סĵ׵Թ
վȻԿ޸У˵ʲôڹ޵ĶСŴɤ˵Ǿ;˺ѡ
һֱڱԵվŵİͻȻԴϢȻˡ
ֵʱ򣬽һϾȫ׵˷ǳټңǴġ
ǾȻȫûв
ǿΪʲôп磬ᣬǲѽүү
վ˿˿ĳƺϵֱЦ˾ջҲˣеվŵҪ
ϾǺд裬Ȼԡ
д裿״￴ĺд裡
ԼϢѾǱȲϵˣ⻹дһȺǲݰ
վԴЦаʮ꣬չ˳ѡŶ
ͷĬĬ˵ȻҺһᾡġ

Բۣ
ȺôһôҪ
ĬĬٺһЩûйϵǽֻһȺԹȺڶѡ
ɨ۰ˣҪԱҲ쵽ˣһɣÿ

ޣˣˣ˵ҪԼأأ
վգգۣ˿ޣ۽һֱ뿴ҵ弼𣬽ãһЩұȺݰ˧ˣ׼ǣţ
ֻ㡫˵ţվŶĴһڡ

˵νľΪˣ˧òôᣡ
׶ӣ۵һƬˣ̫ˣ꣡浱һվԭ
ˣһᣡôڴվ
һۣǵ£ͬǵĻսҶǺܺãѡ档
ǵƲƲ죬ÿ췢أڵԽԽˣмܴǲģʱ䱻ų裬ӹǶ췢ùˣ
˵ͱ˵ˣȻ
ָ̰Сǡ
ޣƹ𣡾ȻëͷСӻǵ
Ҿƣڲſ𣿡
ȿȿȿȿȡһͿȣʵеϹ޵ı仯ٶȣӦʵʵ̿εģûһᣬͱƹˡ
ǴһѧڿΣͺ͹ͻ忸ϣ
׶ʵ𣬵ǹȻЩˣһһֱ۵Ծں͹Կ
ǿѧһȺռô˷ѣ
ǰѧ𣬱û¹壬ܵ԰ϽģСүҶˣ򲻴򰡣ҪϽİ
ǵ±˵ƵȻҪйʳãĿռ̫СĻ޲𹥻ȫ̲ס˰
ˣ
ǣ

ǵ¿ص˼㣬庮ʱ򶼹ܲסǣ˵Щӵˡ
ǽܡǣӮˣǱԼûãȫ
͡DD
վ̲סЦüͷЩӵܣѾȫûЩǫѷһԼǴүˣ
Ǵ̫һһȥ
˵Ҷ򲻹˵ˣңȫһ϶򲻹ϡ
վ۵׵ȺˣĺĩཻȻأ࡭
һ̫ˣһɣ۾ģʵǳʲô̫ĥˣôˣ
׶ߵ¸߼֮ò˵ޣǽܣֻΪѧʦ֮д衣
׶
ǲ׶ȴǱˣǰһ׶˵ϣǿԶ顭
鰡ȻԲģǿԶ췢ģǰ


143 
ǵȫԪ֮Ѿʼ񱩣˿ĵ׶ڷ
ɱԪ֮ЩУѧʱȵġ
Ҫ
˺ܾãվ˫⿴Լۣ˲мӣ
ɵӵĸǵ£
վſ˿룬ʮ𣿡
ǵûסǿǶֱֳˣСѾͷǼǮüֱǶ죬ò˶ã޾ױһ
ҵҺǸ⵰𣡲˹ȱǮ
š𣿡
ߣ䣬ôܽеģ
Ǳһģڱĸάǰʱһֱڵ۶Ҳ룡
ҽܰվЦΪʺãһӱŶ
㣡ΪйɽҾͲʲô㣬ܹƽӮˣҪȥҵĳͷ

ȻǸɵӰһϣһޣӼ磬ﵽжģ
˶ڱӡǳãǫ鶮񣬶ҺصǷǳǱôôһã
ðʮ𣡡
УֱӾʹ˸˶ˣʾԼ˻ȻֻһţûУʮһڣ
ҵ졭
񰡡˹ֲ̫ˣһС㶼ôôġ
˵ľȣ⣬ڣǿˣߣ
׶ϵըˣЩǮģǲ˹µһӶ棡
վ߾һţŹޣ̲סĦա
˶һҪҪŬ׬ǮȴӴٿʼɣȽϿ졭
һί˹ޣˣ
ߴ˴⣬ָ⼤
𣿡
ˣЩ˵Ǻñ¡
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˵һ£ǰһ˶ˡ
˹ͱ˹׶ʿ˵Σа˹͡Ŀɪա
ֻǾֵǮһ㣬ҪٴǧڣԶԲ׸֮ư
˵庮Ӧĵġ
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ϡôôɰС˰
ȿȡ⣬ڻңȥתһȦ
̲סһЦԴĸɴ㡣
ߣܿ죡
˵۳˺ܾãվŹ˹ʵ鷢ҧŴ˵һҪ㣬Һۡ
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˵ֱ꣬ӾͳŲȥһΣҪûԼĽ
ߺ󣬻㼯Ĵ󲿷ֹӵҲȥѹѹһƬϵϵ˶ڡ
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ڵʱܽƽڣЩ˻ǸǴġ
Сţϲ𣿡
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СǵķϣϰɡܲѧͿǵˡ
ˣվҪѸٳɳҪһЩά۹ѧУǿʼЩˣΪΪȥѵļͶơ
ǵҳϣҪġ
Ŀ𣡡
ϾȥϾȥ
ллվţллվţ
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ţȻŴ󺰣ллվţллվţ
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һ㣬ҲҪлͷӺӣɱ罫ǵ׳־һֻ̲жԵˮ
ҪҪȣ˼ȫ
ԣǻֶܼء
۵ʣɫζͫƹ𲨹СţҿһϷòá
á
ңҾʹȥȻȺ˶Ҫҵȡ

⵽׺ʲôϵǻܾܾ


144 
վ۵׺ЦȻıǼһ£ıǼ⡣
޲˫ۣĸоֱģСԽԽòˡ
ܰ
۽ǵɫ˼Ȼ󣬾̵Ľë΢΢գĲ˼飬ɸղ˪ǿƵˣȫͬ
ȥ֣ǣֻܿҡ
ֻ֣㣿
˾ùûô£˵ֻվŵʱûô£ˣ˾ܾˡ
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žŸղЦĿɰҾ;ɭɭġ
еĿˣұȽڴžų谡ʱžŶû谡
߲˵ʱоϲ
ϲ

ӵ޵ˣ඼֪վŵֱ䣬վŵĸܶأɾףܴ͸꣬¸Ǻĸܶࡣ
صǡ

ǸģΪֳһٳȻݺĸоǻǾָоˡ
ϲˣһɰСţһг軵ƣôô鼤
ǰǸĹսȫҪ
ҪҪԣҪĹս
Ժȫ߲ϴƬ
ȻûΨĽǶȣɹ޴Ӹ񣬱˽ӵİҾС
ãʱһֱվţ֪Ѿ̮ˡ
֪ˣҲںͦ庮񣬼ֱ˼ʮһ
ʱ򣬸ǵͰͲסˣԣʲôһ顣
վſɵһƬˣĬĬóһöԣŵǵֱӾ˹
ŵ˾ôǵϢһ˳ңҡβͰķеǷС
žŰǱôãԵ¡
Դ㻨ǮۣΨһİöˣûʳԣֱҪǵĿվϡ
վڿľͻǵ֣ԣҪľǺģ
ꡪDD
վصҧһڣգգ۾˵Ҹû
ǵµͷ˼һ£˵һˡιСǣҪǾ
ոշָҩȶڴĹɫҰס
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ϺһͿȣȻѧУû涨˵ѧУǺɵģѧ޷ȫʦ˵
Ϊ֮˳Сǡ
УˣͿְȨ
ѧУĹûйأȻûйأǾͿˣϾʦصҪʿҲҪԲԣΪѧ֣Ͷ

˵ڹһܣ۶ѧǾΪеػңػػԼˣ
ǲܺˣҪֱǰ
Ҫ£Ϊվ
ԣܰɡ

УҪһ䣬ƺһ䡭
ɫڣϵƫ̻Ǹ˶ĳ
۶ѧȷʵûйأνĹزǻҺ͹ǿϵģϵĹضΪ˷Ƕѡ
׶˵Ǿ仰ʱ򣬾֪һֱ۶ѧĶѾʧˡ
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һ㶼˵Ӱ

ԲǱϿȥô򵥡
˼ҿɲ˹Աļ壬壬Ǵ뿪ŵ򣬾һֱʷϵļ塣
ֻʣһˣôЩʱϵġ
վȻתŴ˵ᣡ

׶˼һľվԵĻ彩סֻǶ࿴˹޼ۣͰǺˣ
á
һڣȻһ´һ롣
˶֪һտ˵Ǵӹŵһֱڹ˼ҵ
ȻҺ͹Թ˼˺ܶ˲ţǻǾòһǿоȫͬ
ǲ˷һĻᡣ
ǵƲƲ죬Щûֲ÷ŹκһֺվŵĻᣬ۾һֱӰˡ
žţ֤տ趼ʶ
بDD
ջûֱ꣬ӱ˳ȥˣһ¡
ɫ䣬˵ûСģţ


145 
վһЦϲ޶ռУһ㶼ָˣָоķԵ
θԼΪһģһġ
궼Ҫ֯һ
ǿҵ뷨ס˹޵°ͣ촽һҧĴϣշת˻ĥֻҿϲ㣬κ˶ԡϲ¶࿴ۣǶҪŶ
վŵ׶ϣСԴĦŹ޵Ĳӣռʮ㡣
ҵģٿҲϲ㣡

ĬĬˣվǿɰֹߣľս
ŵЦߣ޵ͬ׶ϡ
ţٿңҲϲϾûСſɰ
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ܸо⻰尡֪Ϊ׶ϲ˹ް
⻰˵ģһ˺һŮȿɰ
׶򴽣
Ƿ̵ƫƫԴǼ޳Ŀȴûнעϡ
ǰһмڳ
ۣǲۣ
׶۵Щ죬ˣΪʲôϸԼһ֤Լи
ޣҪ֤ǰǴģ㹻վߵ
һ̣˵Լ뷨¼ɻͷҪ֤Լվߣ̤һĺʿСļ֣
Ҫ֤Լ
׶˵ʲô𣡡
Ｘ̲סŭ˵ǰȻ˵Ļ
ʲôվʲô
ǹһԱҹ˼ҿ壬ȫһӪ
ģֻⲻӪԭ
̾׶ǹмϵ̨ţҲԹ޵ĳݺͿֻǿϧˣݣעҪǵˡ
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׶ǸŲҲǳǲ񣬸Ź޵ˣֻҪһ
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ǲκһˣ˺޵ĻᣬԼԡǣȺ˵ļ֡
ҲҲ֤ޣҪľ
׶ۣǰ֪º󣬾Ȼû߳ǸԺʱ˵ĵ׵ķŭ
һӷֻ̣֪ǺĶ䣡
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ʵǣɹôʹˣļϵĽ
ΪǵΪˣǸЦ
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ǣǸվָӷɴˣȴսϡ
ڻ
վ˫Ŀ⣬ǺЦĹޣϲĹޣ˰ţעţϲģƫƫֻܿţ

Ⱥ޴࣬ҹްɣʱɡ
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ɿŸܣ
ңڵĹޣôôˣҧһء
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εӰһ֣ղŵĸ߰˲䱻Ϩ
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Ǽҹս񣬱ǿˣ
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վţҵСڡ
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ǵĹսٿѹӵϲˡ
վ棬СԴǳ϶ȷʵСڡ


146 
վųϵĸɴ̲࣬סǣɤɳƣСȥº𣿡
Ȼԡ
Ȼ˵վȴû̾ȥڹ޵۽ˣ׼ЦҪࡣ
á
վ¿ˣҲȥˡѹǹģһƬԡ
ʮа˾ŶˣҸŮȾͼѣԺôоҪһʹĵˡ
ҪĻõʱʱ̿
ҲȥǺܶȴҲĶһ̫ˡ
룬ܶ˵߾ͲԾķվϣҴԭ֮ơ
򴽣ĦԼǣԸеɤЦ⻹˿˿Σա
ÿ𣿡
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ţҲôãǶԹˡ
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׶ҰƣǵøˣϾ㻹ҪޣҪңԲҪŶ
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ͣҿ㡣
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ޣָ̡
׶عޣĵףͬˣԶ̫ǿ߸иĤݵ
޵ͷվţȫûе׶ףҪ
˿Χѧʵˣ׶ʧЦ
㻹Ǵ󷽡
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׶һˣޣ˫ȭֱؿڡ
Цֱһһͽȫжȥ
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ܶҹ˻˲ţǶڻĽ￪ʼЩԱʼ
׶֪һʼ˼ͺǴһϡ
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˷޲û֣ܶʱ򷴶ڽѧ׶ôĵطͬʽûȥ
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֪˶ս֮ѧУѧԺ½½ñӴĲԵ쳣ӵ£ɾǻһһļȥ
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ķʱվĬĬһȻеС˺ҿʼسԣķԹ£վżǵȻ
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վźܴ󷽣ֱһоͳȥˡ
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ķЩ
͸ˣҰҪ
ţʮڣǵŶ

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˵Ϊ˱Ϲȣ͵ȱϴȵҼ
ţǵãһҪģ
£ǺֵǮҪޡ


147 
վһŹķͳһĹЦݣ˵ǶϲɵСΪǱɵһҪ޵Цݡ
á
ţлл£㡣
վžԼǱȽϺõģͷԷϲ
վ͵̫ɴ࣬ʲôĻãֻʳǿȴȫô롣
ΪҺ͹壬ǶûʸķʽسԣվžͿԣ
ɣܶ˶վŸǺˡ
վŴ΢ǵĻȴӲɹɿɰȴеѪΣա
ɰСͷŴǣ˫ȲϵζվôǲµŮʵǡ
Ѿ˵ˡ
Ȼ
ĿǰΪֹֻ롣
վſ̨˧Ĺޣ̲ס˸裬˵ǳǳȴ˵Ķ
̲סЦſϲ׸衭
СԽԽɰˡ
׶񣬽򴽣޵嶼ˣһ㣬ѾǴôˣе㻳ҡ
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׶͹ؽһСʱȻ׶ڴ㲻֮£׾ٵ˦˳ȥص̨¡
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˾ǹģô˷ָܰôڶƻ
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޼Ŀģ۵׵Ĺ˼֣˿⣬ͷ建ʧҲһѱӡ
Сţһȣ˭ϵıȽ϶࣬ӮˣңˣҾ㡣
ҪӮˣҪԹɴϡ롭
Сţ
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148 
˳ɹ˶ЦˣϣҼСҲܿģ˵ʣµʱΣ̸ǣϣûϵ
ϡ
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ǵ£һһɱƣûиףôֱǡ
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ÿ˶ô룬ôȻģ˺ܿͱû
ٴ֮Ҳ˸ˣϾһһһַһٶôôˡ
ɫǲҰ׵ģȻԸǵʵѹʱǲɵ
Ǻǣ֮
Źķ˵£ΪìܲôӲ⼸ȣ޻ʮģֻʣµذˣ

ķĬĬĳ˳ǣͷôôҪ۶Ǯ浱֪Ծ׬˽Ǯ
Ҿá
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վЦӯӯӹ޵Ļ̧ſɰСǳ϶˵£ôɶôӢ䣬һһ˵ģԲ

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Ҫ׷ף⳥ͽ̸ˣϾҺ͹岻졣
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153 
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ˣҲûϵ𣬵Һһʮ갡ʮ깻ԭˣ
˿˵Ȼ۾ͨġϲޣرϲС͸ı
Ȼܾһ𣬵ڴ֮ǰһʱ򣬱˺һʱ䶼
СʱԸιϴ裬ͷǹȴܵһд
ޣеһζңһϧģһҴˣԭҡ
еһΣ
ԭڰ˿ڵʱͻȻͲˡ
գ޵Ϣ˼֣ĳ嶯ڶûȫˣȻ鷳
ԣιЬϴ裬ͷǣҵ֣ҲΪʵԸҪʲôңҪң
ǣﲻ𣿰ðģȻȡˡ
ⱧأǴЦЩ˱ᣬԾվһĸ񾭲ԣֿʼڣ˴Ҫˣ

ôһ˵˻̲סԲ
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һϲʲôţ
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Ҫ庮ҲЦˣзǳ࣬Ҫҿ͸㣬һͼʯܱ˵Ķ򣬲ʮӵʸѣӦöҵˡ
˿ЩѣֱӽؿڱĶժֱ˵ϣһƲĿޣ۸ң
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ĬĬ鳩졣
˿ǵֵȡ֣ٿվǽóѵСģôһԱȣ;վŲСʹ
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βһ졣
СԽԽṴˡ


154 
˿޿̣ܿˣԿ˿̤Ļ̾ϢŰ˿뿪
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޵еڣĬĬ˿Լȣ۵һݣ˵ѹġ
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ûã
ѾҲ˵óڣղ˭ԽѵԼһģ
վҡҡͷ㣬㡣
Ұɡ
˵ɫβֵͫĹ˿úǵĶ̲ס˲ֻ
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С㣬һ۵ġ
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۵״Ĺ⣬վŵʱ֣ڶ˵ʱ򣬼ֱǵƬӡ
庮ȥȫ֪Ǽ񾭲ǸѹˣʵǣҲᱻ޹Ⱦ
ţ
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ꣿ
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⣡
ҧԴ֮ͨһԽԽˣ
֪ˣһЦЦ˵ŵǷǳ˼ء


155 
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ûȫ˫ȣֱվС壬ֱȥҡ
վе㷢ɣ֪Ҫʲô
ң޽ֱˤ˴ϣ˫۳࣬ǹЦСš
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Цָ̧𣬾ͽĴסɤԴɳƵʣСţ𣿡
վŽε𣿡
ֱָͷָ΢һֱĵףֻ꿪ʼŽ뻳
ô㣬Сűκ˶ɰ
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ҳԵ㣬𣿡
޵ɤɳƵĲӣָŹؿڣײرĹƻζ
رӸ¿վŵʱβ΢ëȣӡ۵׵ɫ⣬Σȴ˵Ϣ
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վɫͻȻˣʱĹޣκһʱ򶼲һǿŨصϢҪ顣
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š
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ָ̲ס̧𣬴һ·»
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156 
޾ԵӶʣĳ嶯ڡ
ָĶ໮ʱϲΪǽЦŶ㿪ֻճĹС̣ȫ֡
ǴЦ΢ϢЦĶʡ
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Сš
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·»ԪĴվŴǣޣҪ㣬ҪǸΪҪŷ㣬ɲŶ
ȻҪңȻҪճ裬ҹҹ裬ôܷʱء
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ʵվţϾ߸һɶ֮õİϡ


157 
ȻվÿζԼԼ£ÿһζܲ޵Ĺί
ЭˣҹɵĻȻ׼ȥ۶ѧ
һѧԣǹΪʦʵڵһҪʼ̿ˣȻԹˣҺС
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ûȤ
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š
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ϱɰƯ˲ǲǰҼҴԵòҪҪģ˲

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ͷôشٹңѵ֪ҲǴû취
̫ذ֪аѲ͵͵ȥһˣ


158 
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ǿսЩ幫ӣһ޲ðؼǣЦĿɰСȴƫƫǸǵ
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վĴ࣬򴽣ԼԴؿڣԼ۵׵Ѫȡ
Ҳϲǿ񣬺ᡭ
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һֱŵ̤֣߱

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޶Թǰٷ֮һǧĲţСʱ̫ûٳԿ
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ҲŭʲôҶģǸѾͷģǰôûôſ꣬ȻžԼԲۣүүҲûȥ

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⻰˼ҹ뷿͵Ŀˣ
߲ķϵǸϡ
ûпܣһ


166 
޵ѾЩ̲סˣǺôǼǵԼҵģûȥ
ǹӻ
˵㲻ĶǸ˿Щʲô뷨ɣүүҿ˵ˣֱǺõĲˡǳѾͷ˵ʲôϲͷˣǰǽָϵİСӣȻָҴң
Ҹˣ
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ڶ˵һϻҾ̸űߣ
ͻȻ۾˵ԲۣСӣôЩ꣬Ҷң
⼸꣬ÿյϢˣָǰߣһֱתתûҵ
˵ҳ߶ôˣôҲ˰ɣǣǳƢֱһǧͷţ
˭㣬ܸ鷳
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ûȹ˵ֱ꣬һ¡
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167 
Ͽˣһһ
Ϊ޼ұվţҪϿˣ
Ϊ˱ⷢϸΪѡ˹İ༶ѡһ׵ʦ
ԺյĵźϷ
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ԭгﰡʲôӣܿ𡭡

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šøлң

һİ쳹У԰
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һ
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㣡

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⵹мӰϳվţʱ򣬶̲ס˿ĭ
˵Ӱͦġ
ȻܲߵģֹǴ򲻹ġ
һһһֱӾͰϸЦˡ
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رС⡣
ǺȫǴΰ
Ժⲻ˶ˣôӣҪѧԺ
ȻЩСڴǺԼҹĻĻǾܾģ


168 
Ϊվһٶ䶼֪һ֡
վš
֮
Ǵ򲻹ģ
Ͼһ弼Ѿ弶ˣһĳɼЩ磬弼ѵʵʵĴھӢ
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ʲôɣ˶ȥãһ仰ܾˡҲã͵ϷˣÿƶôһϷ
վſ̱ڵϵˣ˵

㵹һ԰
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ЩԭǺϴοԴˣһĴ඼Ƚ㣬Ŀꡣ
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Сšվźܿɰ
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վһ߳ţһ߿ǣ۾գգŹֹ˼䣬Ǻϲ㣬˵Щʲô
СҺͱ˵
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е֡
˵ЩӦòŶԣѵ⼸ֻҲ仯һЩ
У԰ﲻϵĴǿҵϲ;˴ĵ𺳡
ԭڣ쳹գĺͻȻס
۵Щӣֻ̾
ЩʱģӣҲûнĴĨɱ޻ǹޡ
Ǻ𡭡ЩԳĲе˼ҵʹǧˣ˼ҪһѰΣʲôϵ
ǣһ֮γɣͱ뵣Σⲻǹ˼һֱڵ𡣡
ϵĻЩΣû뵽޵³֣Щô˷ܶ


169 
ֻվĬĬţ߷վϣָ໮Сϲ
ϲ㱻ϲȴֻҵģ뿴ĵӡ
վЦе˵꣬ݸһЦڡ
̲ס࿴ֻۣվȫߡ
Դ΢ǣСţѵ𣿡
վգգۣЩãȻ
˵ԼգЦǣġ
վȻ§ĲӾȥһ²ԴףӶͷһֱ׵͡

Ĭ׷û⣿
󣬹޵˵㴽꣬˵
վ룬Ĵ궼
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վ˵Ǻ֪࣬ԼնٶҲ֪ܷӶǱζϰܣǵ衣
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ͻȻñܾѵΪľѵһ


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ѽҪôңֲһõ۶ǱرԣҼŶ
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庮ԱЩģʱ䣬ʹ̫Ƶˡ
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ÿҲܷǿſܵ񾭲ģ


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һֱԼˣΪ˱Լľġ
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174 
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ޣЩںҪֻˣЩȫǣϾ˵һܼҡ
庮ˣɱȱźˣϲ˿ҲֻǱͨ˶һЩ
ԣһʼ庮ûиȫӵеʸ
ܿ죬Ҳջȥ
ڵɯңΪ޵̬ȣÿ춼Ľꡣ
վɯһȦȷʵ˵ģرҡ
еĶǺõģЩԭǳڹŵĶɯһӦȫ
ĸо
վŻ˻ӣһֱͣЩ棬߸֪ЩļֵҪģ١
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Ǹ˵ˣǾͱˡһ߻ҵ»ҩδСˣõģЧǲġ
ſңſң

ҩȥ˲䣬˿ĻͻȻͱ˼УȻһ֮ͱŰ
߲ŵ˫ۣǰ滹һǿĿ־壬һˡ⡭
̾˿߾ãǹŵδôˣ
վֻۣóһѼԴϲסıȻΪҩ˿һǰ̶ڻ˯
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ʿˮ֪˵ɶһվֻǽͷȫˡ
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ֹʽͷû취ȥˣˣôͰģҩëֹͣİ
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175 
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ǣ޹ġ
˲ǡ
߰վŰѰ˿ĳ˼ٷŻ˼ҡ
޴˿̴˯£бϣĬĬĵڿվŻʱ򣬱˸š
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һȦվȫûбץסֻ֪ҫԼߣ˿ͷɵļٷ
һͷüԪһɨٷĨ֣뻳
ϲӡ

վ㶵Ĳӣ۾ãȻգգ
޵ָβһƺڷҾָ⣬ϲ㣬ϲ˵Ķֻϲ㡣
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á
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ޱأŵĿϣаЦЩǷ⣬ôΪ
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176 
վԴӱ޲ϣûʧ߹ϾÿеľȥӦˡ
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ĻӦҪˡ


177 
̾ԭΪǰΣһֱԵĴ̵Լϣ֪ǲԭ
Ϊ˿ɡ
˿һֱ̫ãСǰֽһŮȻʲôɫͻʲôӡɯΣǶ֪ôɲ᳤ˡ
ʱɵĳ첲ļϣ˵Ҫж⣬Ұû޵ӣҵͺͷĴһԲۣ浣ֱȥ

úõೡ棬ֱĵȻ޴档
ô˵˵𣬻а˵ͷȥˣҼǵǰϲͷͷˣϧˣں޿йһѿˡ

ôԽԽˣ
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˵üģǶӦòɱΪҹߺܽӽֻƶֻܶ̾ʧ
Һ񣿡
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挪򴽣Ƕ֪ڡ

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ЦǳʧƵʶһǺ֡
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ǲҪޡ
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⻰һĸо
Щʲôѵ˵бȥţ
Ұ𣿡
ʱСЦеĿڣǱֱˡ
޶ĵģǣǺǡ
˶ȥæ֮㿪նˣޣС𣿡
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ô֪
ΪЩС£Ȼݡڰ༶˹Ҫһ꼶ʼͷѧһ飬ԣ༶Ǿžŵһࡣ

ҧ⣡ԽԽǷˣ
Цлл佱ҲԽԽǷˡ
٩꣬ͬĺܶ࣬Ӧ֪վԭ򣬴˹ӵܣ˵ͬкܶƽľӢѧԱ
š
˵кܶƯĴС㣬츳
š
˵кܶƯĹӸÿһҲǼġ

̲ס˹ѽÿοôôá
ϣΪһʦҲҪӻʼźѧϰôһλϡ񡢵ġϡʦ
װˣҾ˵ôҧгݻȽһ㡣
Цһǿǲǹϡ
أԹҶͨѶ̲ס˴ӡ
ǼħˣԭҲŰԺӰֱ̫̫ˣڴˣ


178 
¿ɴСǴų˹Щȫںġ
˹ʱͬʱʮѧԺľӢһ˪ȴûмˡ
̲סü۹ƺ̫СǣȻĵ̫ʧˡ
һҲЩȴ۹İ
˹Ĵһβ΢ѵˣ۹ѧţȴǶĴڣǵһ꽻ñʲô۶ӡ
ľ׵ǡ
˹ʵЩУʱÿʱÿ̶ҪֻҪһ˫ۣ̲ס뵽վš
˫峺ȴͫףӡԺ
ϲ˫ӣҲϲǸˡ
ǣŮȴϲŹޡ
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ȥﱨ棬ܺγ̰š
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179 
˵˹һ˵ŷҵĹޣ۴ûлָȫʤʵʱҲǴ򲻹ġ
վţֻƫģ͹ˡ
֮˹ܡ
˹һüģǰԹ޵ʱ̹ȻԣڣһִܸС
Ϊվš
վŵֱ̬̫̹ס
ΪϿΣΪʦ㣬Ӧòǽͬѧ֮ɣ
⡣
˲ظɸɴࡣ
ΧЩͷǶվôʱˣҶλͲܻط˵
ֽ棬ǾڻҰ
ǸʮӾҪʼѵˡһαƳʱӲͷƤ˵𣿡
ѵҲȥ
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ЩʱҲɣΪʲôһӶģǾ˫۾޷Ҳ⡣
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ðһᣡ
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СţȥϿΡĴ꣬ЦùǣСţ͸ȥϿκòã˵ʲôӦҵġ
˵
˵Ҫ㻰㲻Ӧǲң

Թ޵Ӳʩվ
վκ룬Ӧò֣Ȼ庮һֱȰǧܸŹȥϿΣǣǴӦˡ
Ĺޣܾˡ

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Դһ˳ÿ춼ں󣬹Խˡ
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186 
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187 
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188 
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189 
ѧУʳõĶ¥վŲסĳԡ
վżˣһȻ޾ЦųԵվŷϲ֮󣬾һֱιӵҲԵĺܿġ
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190 
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󿴵ǰߴҴ˺ˣ̲סüͷôˣ
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ҲϣΪȥʧȥһֿѡ
庮һʧЦֿѣһʱطҵֿѣ
صķħȥ˲٣ĵһһ˵Ǹδ޵ĸҲһ㣬Ҳˣٵȥ˵ûҪˡ
ж庮Сૣ˵ˣҸоǻͦġ



191 
ϦվڲԶ۵£֮룬̧ϡ
ȻѾˣôܲء
ԭΪôˣ庮ٻٵԹ⵹ǱȵʱۻҪأѾĳ̶𡭡
ɨӵʱϦЩΡ
ڣָֻˡ
ֻˣǿϷĿܸһ㡣
û޵ſڣ޾ͳˡ
һװȻˣϦסˣòѹеļ˵ںˡ
š
޵ͷǰˣЦ£ڰˣ
ԭͲ˸û̳ȴǷ庮Ԫء
ϦͷǰһѸ㡣
ףȻ
޵Ļ࣬ȴƺǿڵϦһʱ֪ʲô
庮ǰ⣬ÿ˵ʱ򣬻Ǿƫࡣ
룬Ϧڣ͵͵ģ߶֪顣
ɵͷ
޵ĳĩϦ֪ôϾҲкܾûм棬ң֮ǰȷʵűѵݡ
վתѣûпޣŽżܳûڣ޵Ѿסֱӱ˻
ôЬ
޵ɤȶϦ˺ܶ࣬ż֡
޵̬ȣϦ죬̲ס࿴˼۱ڻС˶
ɵݣЩӤʵգһͷЩҵͷէһƺʣǵ⾧ۿʱһǵľޡ
վűעӣȻǲˡ
ԴվſԼĳ
ʱ˺ܶණ඼ôӵ⣬ԣڻǶеġ
֮վС֣ɵЦţãҽվţ޵δӣ
˵ݵʱվŵ۾ȻԾʹڴ
Ϧ㶵̧֣ȴڹ޵ڨڨջأţãҽϦ޵ĸ

ֳƺվŲ£ת˲ͷ
޽СԴߵԽԽ߳Ķҡ
վŵԴ˹ϵĴԻЩ¶ҪҲԸ룬Ŵ۾Ƥһÿһµĳţʱ˯ȥ
ϦĿ۵΢ԴԼļͷ
ϦǲԾ£Ȼǰмӡ
£
ȿڣЩͣҲվϣָⶼʼʵϡ
ܴжЩңңԭֵǣﱻˡ
֪
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Ȼüνı߽򣬾ʱעؿǿš
˭⣿
ˡ˹
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Ϧͷģûǰ˹ϽĬϣǲ֧
ףһĬ
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ǡ
ڶûܳ˽ˡ
ʱڵ۶ѧĺ϶޾Ա⡣
Żܿ´ԭһŷϣٽɷȥҺܵġ
ҡҡͷõģǹĺܺá
Ϧڳ˳飬⸱ӣһ㶼ġ
һϦ˵ص㣬
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ޣ񰢺˵ģûֱӹϵȴҲмӹϵĲ࣬С
ĿۣҲǹȥĹޡ
Ϧ̧ۣҲֻһޡ
Ϧ˵ǰҲ֪ԼЩ²⣬Դع飬;ԶɧǲϵܻᣬһԼٻǼ£йض𣿡
޲
ҵΪҪ󣬵һǰҵĸѾȥҲûµıҪһҲڿټܿҵȨȫûµ塣
Ϧ۵״ЩκǷϣվλϣ£Ǻҷ֣һݾͿĳɼ
˹ռҲ룬¼ȫơڱµķ£ȫûЩ˵֮أֻ֮аĽ׺ͲңھҲû˾ӣҲȫûµıҪ
̧ףϦᶨ˵Ըıڵġ
Ҳᡣ
ϦסΪԼˡ
޿ٴظҲᡣ


192 
ϦͻȻĬ֪˵ʲôȴҲľġ
Ƭ̣Ϧѯʣٲʣ
޹Цأ
Ϧֱպϣ޴˵õĻǴ
ٶԣϦǾͰ˵ңҲΪ˴һˡ
㲻ʺ
˵꣬ת
ϦٵҲʣ;ͺ
ȻӶԶʡ
ΪʲôǰǣڻǣҪһԭ򣡡֪ԼеסĲٵˣûй׿ϣҪߵ·ҪĶࡣ
ûԭ򡣡
ϦŹ뿪ЩΡ
޴ӽȥ俪ʼûпڣվβ㲻ġ
ֽ̧סЦûС
վԴڷʶĻ˫ۣϸ㲻ġ
ٴο϶վ˵ִ֡
ʧЦһЩ
վüΪղǸˣ
һЩ
ȥ
һЩ
վſͻȻ֪ôڡ
޵ָĴϣЦ˵ڵң
վŹɵĵͷԽ֪ȥ£ԽǵָоԽԽ׵ģԽԽں
Ĵ۾ﾡԼ̲סº͡
СŻѡԼģ㰮ģ
Ұġ
վŻشĺԥȻ԰Ķ廹ЩģĵףֻҪϲģ
ǺǡЦϢϣǵ˫ۣСŵİ𣿡
ǡ
СҪһֱңҪҡ
ͷĶͷ˫Ƿ£Ϣȫϯ
վŵĴ۾̲ס˫죬˫ȿϣ䣬һƹȥѹɳϡ
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˲ͻعˣ˫ۣЩеվţԭǵԪʧȡ֮˳
ֻߣЩɬ˵СҪһЩ
ԭĿĵվȻסµȾź΢ŵĴǻϵϢȻ̲סѬ
ָ̧һ
ĸоֻֿʼ
Сֿסĺԣ£ͬڹ޵ķǸǿɡ
Цţ˫ַ֫Լ·ʧ¶Ө׵Ľ۵׾Ĺ⡣
վڱλϣȴһУվȴѹĿš
һղˣվſϣþòԸ뿪
ޣÿ
վ̲ס佱̾ڹźƤңϲˣǧǧˣûһһÿÿضʧɫ
ϢָĴվһЦãҵġ
ϸϸɤŶռУ޺᲻ϵĹʱ򣬸嶯
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СšɳƿڣЩ̲סȦ壬ǽ첻ȥϿˡ
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򴽣ûʱ䡭
ǡ
ûڣλþͱˡ
վ仰ǶԵģ庮ȷʵҪˣǹ޵ĻҲԣ庮ûᣬȫľ˶ԸϦϡ
أŽıԵ⿴òɿˣ̲סĬĬ²ۡ
Ȼһǹˣûһģǰһúõģһôʹء
˰ûͨҲˣЩҪֻҪν
ʼ˸˿ͷ̲סڣ˾ͣ£ܶ࣬ûôʱ˷ѡ

̲ס˳ǣôϦһ߿ָǶ˵ġ
Ϧڰз˸һԣָⵯ˵ϵĽӡЦҲ
ֱ˵庮Ϧ̫֣뱩¶мøʵ㣡
ҸһȻһкңҲûһ
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庮һ仰ϦԭЦƦʮͻȻ͹ˡ
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˵ˡ
һ𳤴󣬲ÿμҶ˦ɫɣ
˦ҿɲңֻǲѡңҲܲף

ͻȻеŤ庮ƺҲʼˡ
գϦЦ۵׶Ⱦ˼ºͣƲҵѹھҵϸ㡣
ˣ
Ϧףüأ׼ȷ˵ǴǧǰģֻʱͻȻ˽⣬俴ģҲֻһС֡ĿǰӦôҪȥ顣


193 
ϦϣЩ㵡
ҲǴޣҪʱȻֹµͻơ
庮۵״أֱӵǿ˹޵ĸ˶ˣʵǹ̫ԣȻʮΣ
޿̵Ȼ̣
ֻǡ
˲ǾͺˣΪպÿŶ
ֱӷҡ
޵ķӦܿ죬ȴûȫסվţһ˫۴űɨ۵׵𺼸ܴ͸ǡ
ô졭
ó˼ףסǰ߲߰ĺۼŵڴߣֻϢ£Ц
ֲ̫ˣ
庮ЦǸҡҪ¡ǳҪҪ¡
ף谮ĺ촽ţţ֪

֪֪ҲЩˡ
վűʵ޵Ÿɾ̲ס棬ű䶯ţǿ˴Ļ
˿ʱ߶סˡ
ԭŮ˱𡭡
ȡ򶼲ȷ˵ӻǹϡġ
޴ŻȵǸˣֻ۵׵Ļȴҽá𣿡
ÿ
ɵ㶵ĿڣûԼһӡ
죬ղ˵ɶ
ֻеᣬڨڨڣ˵ÿ

⻰һ˵꣬վŵĴ۾ĬĬӹ޵ı¶ֱ㶵ĿֲѪȡ
Ǹɿ˼£ҾǻǿȽϺãȽϣšǼǺǣǺǡ
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ϱһֱ庮ݺݵһۣ֪
ޱصָ̧ԼĴϵ˵㣬һɨϸϸƷζʲôһ
ӲͷƤ˵ӡ
ʿˮ
ٲ˵Ǿûл˵ˡ

Ѿû˵ˡ
庮Ϣǹҵ£ʱĪһϣйҵš
һ˵޵ͷϦ
ֻǰ벿֣벿Ҫ۶ԣҪ⡣
庮ٻҪ⣬һõĶǺͨķԣֵ۹ԣԶԶܾܿЩˡ
ţԡ

ӦЩ̫ˡ
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庮ǣʧӣֺɸֵĸо
ģгϢÿ簡
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üۼ庮ҧ޺޵Ĺص˸˶ˡ
վǹص˲䣬ʹӹȥ˸ɤĽţޣһҪ
ţ㡭
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庮˿̣һ϶д㲡
ļͷЦŰο֪ĻΪǸԹأ
庮ûĵһۣҧ˵㲻ⶼˣֿˣһ¿ΰ£Ǻ޲
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庮̲ס̾ǱߵģǰԾˣںòҪվǰãǰԡЩСǣã˭ǰͺ̷ҪȥĿΡ
ͦõġϦ̲סڣȻ庮ŭһۣҲû̫⣬ʼͷ˵ޱǰ˺ܶࡣ
һ仰˳Ĭ
ΪϢƽЩıͲ̬Ѫûٳ֣Ҳ鰮԰ˡ
ҾñǰҪ⡭
ĬĬ䣬ѵվڵʱ𣿡
ʵ庮еò֪˵ʲô
˵վţ庮ͻȻ˵ǰѼĺóԵĹӣѼ𣿡
š
ˡ
ǲ˵°
Ĭ庮ĬĬ˵ǰɡ
һ¶ǣ˵ʲôʲôæµϦ˵£ϵˡ
ֱӸǣûк¡
ʵ֤ȷʵûС
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庮ϲԣһžʹϣӦܿ죬ֱӾѿˣԱ˵ֲǹģ
ǸʱȽæˡ
ţǾǰɡ

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üͰû£ȥЩ˺ˣ˵˺ܶóԵģȥǲǺ˵һ˳ǽĵᣬǸһ¥
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Щˣ
ʮũ
Բۣ
ǹ˽ɣ
ĵã
Ⱥںõ˽̣һȺåˡǿЩǵץ
ϵıЦЦ˳ÿ˼壬סÿˡʮ졣

ֱӹصնˣ庮ѹѹģҧ
⼸ڴҵ£ڴ£ڴ˵£ڴ߽£Ȼңȥʮں죬Ѿǹǲǣ
š
ҪҪʵʵ˵Ͼ庮Ѿըˣ˵һᱻǿȥ
һȥ㣬û¸𣡺Ǻǣһˣиͬ𣬶Ǻá֡ܣ
ϦͻȻ˶
庮ЦͬڵĶħϢǺڰģƫƫŤΪõЦ⡣
Ǳˣ


194 
վűڴϣıǼ⣬ЦСţҪҡȾ벻Լȴ֣ȷԼԽԽ벻ˡ
ֻһ𡣡
ɤӣվ˵ĵ׵뷨ϲϱ¶ȣҲϲԼĸо
޽ڻؿڣ۵׵Ĺ𣬲Сţȥ̲ס۶
Ҿϲ
վŵÿһϲëļ⣬ֻúԽԽ٣ҧϣϸϸĿɣòɿ
ϵӡǣһЦָӡϵϣ֪뵽ʲôͻȻʣ᲻᲻ϲ
ǰʱ£Щں
վԽԽӽ࣬ʱ񣬴û˻ϲΪ
վҡҡͷҺϲ
̾Ϣһ֪壬Ҳ˵ôɡ
ףЩµġ
ޣҲɵӣҺܿң벻ӡռеҪҪ벻˿һ𣬱زٵء
ɤյ¶ȣڹ޵Ķ̲࣬ס˹ǣϣԼĳ嶯ȫͷš
˾˻ĥݡ
߾úվԽԽ벻ˣŹ޵ܸоЩΣգϺƽǾ˫۾ڼƽʲô
ԭҪǣȴӲųˣ
Ϊʲôأ
Ϊԭֻ˵תתѣȻǵķɴȥЩںӣ
һˣƢһץ񣬡˵һžųô죿һ۸ô죿һЩô죿һ
СַԴϺͻȻͰˡ
϶İڵ۶Ҫ޷졣
ǵļЩܿƵĲ£ܸоҲԽԽˣָоǴʼƵ߻ʼġ
˵ǻᴫȾģ
ĬĬһۣȻ˵һȥܶ࣬С߿жǵľƣҪ죬ʱӦûжҷ
ҷ
Щһֱڷȥֵأ
庮˵ͷͬ
޻ʲô
ǵôóԵġ
룬ʵ˵ˣ뵱ȻĽ˵꣬˶ЩΡ
ǰףɡ
󿴵ߵʱͻȻ˵ʲôʱȫ
ƲƲ죬ʲôʱٺһʲôʱͿֱӿ
̲סЦۣͣʱ̤ڣֻиǵǣһҪæϿΣڼƢʵߵʱ䲢
ǾٺһΡ
ûķ˸ۣ㵹˵ļ򵥣һξͱˣҽӦòȾžźá
Ҳԡ
޲Ըžų裬ʱֻۻˡңʱڼԼϵͳܸоԼԼûô˽⡣
üͻȻ뵽ʱҼ飬Щ΢ϵ˻˵磬ȻˣٺһΣ
˵ޣߵ۾һˣղŵĳҲת˲ʧˣЩ˵Ǹ⣡һҪĵϣ
Ȼ˵ĵһ£Ҳ롣
˾ĵһǲҪ֪ıȽϺá
룬͹ϵˡ
ޣʱҼ飬ɵӰ죬ƺ⡣
̸ˣü˯վŷ࣬ߵߣҵĻǽˣ
Ļʱֱסˣڶûҵ⿪Щɻ
˵ĻӦ޷ģϾ̫Ϣǹˣһ꣬ԼĻ޷˽⡣
ͷţȫûзʽһкϢأ١
һϢǿհ׵ģ޳ĬƬ̣㣬ⲻϵͳ£Զû
ÿζ⣬ƺȫ˵𡣡
ⲻֹһαҪȥѯʣÿζûн
ɫûбжϲʵ뷨ľ޵ȻҲÿεĽǴˣǴˡ
̾ĬĬ˵ޣú˺úõһ죬Ҫţڱꡣ
˵Ҳ֪Ҳ˵
üߵĳ֣ŲԼĻʲô˵ֹһΣڻĻֵָָ
ʮʮ֮ǰû˵
ӹ̽ѰЩϢӦ֪ġ
رԼүүȻκ˶ҪֻϰԵĴ˻⡣
⣿
뵽üͷԽԽ
Ԥԣ˻ΪԽʧضأʱı飬ƺΪΪ


195 
󣬹Ϊվѣھ⣬ֻ˵̫̫˳㡭Ǹͷҵ
жͨѶ˳ǡ
׵ģ֪ĻΪǳء
޲վѵʱ򣬾ֱӻˣվȴȫûѵļ׼ȷ˵ƺݽĳУɫЩֺ޴롣
޿ʱͻȻᡣ
ָ̧ᣬ޵۵Ŀ£뵽Щ𡭡
վŵ岻ϵĽɪһСĽԼסȻ󲻶ϵĲš
޽Ŵǣ˻ֻƬ̣վžͰۣʱͻȻһЦǵĲĲӡ
ޡ
š
Һ㡣˵ţվŴ۾ͻȻͿʼᣬҧŴǣûϢ˵ҸղجΣΪ㲻ˣҾ;ĵ׺ܣرܣܺ¡
һֱڡ
վҡͷű㲻ᣬ뿪ңһ뿪ң
վŵ۵Щɫӣ˫ֿϣ뽫ԼƺҲţֻǱܵˮҪìܡ
ǱˣǱˣǹ
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Ҳ뿪ҵģ˶һǶңҲᣡҲᣡ
ҲĹ̫ҲΪңվǸȡֵĺһŷй
޷ĿȴûзĲΡ
Ĳӣ޵β̾Сţ㿴ǵľֱԼһҲĽϣ˭벻˭һһֱڡ
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СôܵЩеûģ̫ˣһ֮ĵλ컹úúõ֤֤
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۸ңû㣬㾹Ȼҡ㲻ˣ
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š
أ
ǿôŴŴСһλǷˣϾڱֵôȫһ
뵽ǵЦЩ
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Сţĺ˼ûõӦŭģʲô
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εǺ°𣿡
ʲô
޴ִţǶϸܵĺΪվʱ䣬ǿеվˣȫ񾭱ʹ
ͻˡ

޽ԭأһʱס
Щϡ棬㵱ʱͻƵսɱ壬˰µʱɱ¾վŵš˵˵ʱ

ʱ
Щܣֻ˵˵ȴҲϵЩֵŤƢŹޣôͲأ
š޹ϴŲױ˴ںĸо

ʱȻ˼
üģ˵أ弶ʱһֻܸҪת۵㣬ֳӣڴǱִš
ɱ¾ţ㡭
ΪֹǵһҲ֪Ǻǻ
۾µĴĨϢĹ컡ȣ̲סļȴҲùǡ
Ұ


196 
Ͽ΢ۣ̲ס죬Ҳ֪СϱʲôȻܳΪһĸ
˭ûں

˵һѣãֱӰָסˡ
ڵǿģˣָһˡҡҡͷǺ£ȴһ
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199 
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ǰһڽָ̧Ħɵ°ͣĶ࣬պ˵˿һԣԸģ֪ʲôҶ㣬㡭ֻҪҪֻҪУȫ㡭
ԵĻЩ΢ľֱӴĴȻ󲻶ϵظռȫǡ
ͻȻ뵽Ρ
·ҩһջ
¸֪˿ûסСĿڣȻЩɬ۵׸ǺڴԼĳ嶯
ֻ֪ʿһģ֪
ԵָĶ࣬ȫȦԼɨΧȻס°ͣǿԼ顣
һβһΣһεԷķйţҰһȫ
˿һ忪ʼ
۵״ųû뵽СҲӣǵ⡣
ʱɲκˡ
ңİݺݼ̤ˣɲϧֲ֪ܵˣҰӦҲνɣ
뵽ָ»ڡ
۵׵뿪ʼЦ
һƣ㡣
˿һȫǺۼ
йֻ֮һ̹ٿ۵ѵö˼⡣
·ֱӱֱӾ뿪ϾڵľǷǳء
ߺȷûϢȫվλòԶˡ
š
û
ղΪ˱һ
ǵԴ֪յ󣬾رϲãֻһԭֻ͵ޣȴˣֻڨڨ뿪û뵽ȴһϷ
ǺܶȤҲ󣬵Ǹǵ¾ͲˣǺ浽ǰжڻָ̫ܿҪȥˡ
šԾȻȤζǰô֪
֪ɶǰϲһ˿ǵûı¸һ
Ҳûϲ㿴֮ͥ£Ȼûˣǰ
˵꣬ǵ·˸ۣλֿʼˣʲôûˣѲ޲ɣ
°ͺһͻȻ˵ʱԵʵĺÿ죬̤ƺܿͲǶˡ
ʲôϾͻˡǵ²£ȫ£ͷˣѹ
⡭
򴽣ֻǾЩϧˣû뵽һ𳤴Ҫɵˡ
ʿдһ˵͵ĴȻԣֵʱ򣬶Զ棬һ㣬Ǵû뵽
Դһ𳤴Ϊʲôܱɵˣ
סǰԹߵݣûдκθ飬ҲͻȻס
˶ı䣬ʲôᡣ
򴽣˵ֻΪŵ̾˿Щ£׻Щ޷ܡ
ʿôҳϵĴڣȻҲ룬ǿҪûʸ񰡡
󣬼뿪
ԼеĻȥ㿪ɯҵˣֱӽˤסĴϡ
˿ԭܾǵϢסʱֻ˶ģűĵطʹʼԼڴ
򴽣Ȼ߳ܣ̲ס֣סԼĺ촽
ֻһ۾ʹֱҧϣ䣬ֱӽ͸
̾ι֯һһ
ȫͷ֮
˿Ǳ˶ڱ˫ۣס䣬ŽȴɴŰԣҪȥҺܲ¡
Լ˹ôû㣿
˿޵ɨ̲ס壬ȴܸ߳УֻǼΪõ¡
ͨˣȻشȻԣҺϲ
Ц£ȴû̫֣ɲֻҪռС
ҽ£Ӧ֪ɯҿܴҪȥ׬Ǯ
һ˵˿ĵЩҲֻƬ̣ȻԼʿôԼĶԼĶΪԼ棬ֱ
ȥɣʱҴҶܾûˣҵľҪȶԵĻ˵꣬˿˸˯ˡ
Եһ£߷Ƭ̣۵׾ǳ
Լ룬׼ȷԼĺȻʼòֵŮˣЩʲôֻҪǮԸſȵ
ͻȻЩȤΪŮˣȻԼôǱӣ
۵׵׹һ̹ȻҪ˶̹ңôʱɲҪеȫ̻
ζǲء
뵽ͻȻŮ˵ζΪЩ껹ǱﻵԼ
ǡǾȥԺˡ䣬ʧ


202 
뿪Сʱں庮˵׼ȷ˵庮ੲݣһԹĺģһڻ㱨
庮˵˰ŭ㵹û
̧̧ۣ
㵹ɣңÿӦЩںӣұԭڣҪǵı뻹ڣΪǾǿȷأһɹ˲˵ôһûأȻ͸һܱûҸ
˰֮庮Ҳÿס˵ҲÿĵҲиɾ
Ҫߺķǳ죬Ѿ϶ˣһɶŰˣһصˡԭԤƵҪٺܶ࣬ѾʼӰǵˣıѾܾûˡ
˶٣庮̾һǣڵʷǳ࣬ճƵĻʮ˴ŶҪĥˣһβȫ
ס
һʾ޴ĿڽܷΧ֮ڣһֵ⣬ߵĻ庮һ

ע⵽ˡ
֮ǰΪһЩҪ鷳ҲΪǱߵֻܼԼ򵥵ĽܿĻǵͷתƵʱ޶̲ס࿴˼ۡ
һֱɵվȻֱ壬ȥˡ
򡭡ૣվ۵׾ϲ
ĴӽҿʼͲϵĽŹڵȫϢԵʵһֳ̬һû취ĥĸ顣
ڵʱȻࡣ
ϲվŲָĻ˵ޣȥòá
էһ庮ЩɣǺܿͷӦֻһطӵŵĳƺǾĹ磬ŵ
Ҳվ˵̫ǣһʱ䶼ûзӦ
ǸϲĻֻߵĿƼǺܷʲôûСɲʲôûУÿԵĶȫǿģ߾ˮĿһ㶼ûа
ЩںӣĶѳԣ
֮ǰΪ˰οǣ˳ɶֵڼӪȻĻֱǵ
ڵ۶ǺôкóԵİֻĻ
վŵͷŹ޵ٴҪ󣬡ޣҪȥ
վŵһμ֣Ȼܾ˽Ҳȥˡ
庮ȻܼǼʱûһ죬Ϊֹ޵·Զˣ
޴վ˷ɴҷǳԵֱ뿪ͨûС
뿪Ϣ˹ķһѸ˵һ˵ԹҪǹķֻ
ԹޣĻƨء
վŲǵһ棬ǻ̲ס棬һڷɴĵذϣߵǿգԶ֪յ㡣
ΪʲôҪƻ򣿡
վһֱɻĵطΪʲôȴԺƻ
ļǵʱһһ⣬ѾᣬѾٸǷĻᣬǿʼÿ꣬Ҫϴˢһ
̰
ߣϣ̰裬ӵûеԣСţһҺϲ
ţ

Ȼסĺԣն˫۷Լϣζ̲סƷ
գߢסĴĦζ
޵ɤЩɳƣ˿˿Ƶǳ⣬վȫסĶԼֻĶһ١
תѹڵذϣ޴Ц촽㰮𣿡
վץ·׵ľӣ鷢ʹֻһ˫ӡӰӣǹεķɴشǧǳ
ʹӣôĲʵʣǴ˿̣ȴãὫȦĹޣôôϲϲޡ
վŵĴ۾ˮ֪ڵʲôܾԺʲôըˣȻı
ŸɬòŵĴվŵϢЩܿƣ۽ǵỮ䣬ͻȻһĨЦݣҰ
۵׵ĹԶǳãָ̧ڴ꣬˵ϲ˵Сš
ѹ£޽ԼճֻãԭôԭĵϣôҪ
˽ľվȻ֪ʲôȴ֪Ҫǰˣݡ
ݡ
վ۵׵ɫһȻûͫȻȫѹ£İҹħŮ
һΣ֪֡
СԽԽҡ
޼ȵҪֻǻûжͱĴס
ֻԼʱ޵β嶼ʼţֻɵǳĵǳ
վš
Ȼѹء
ǣΪӵߣҪһġ
һΡ
ȥ͵ɬת˻ޱȵ


203 
⼸ķǳã޷ĺãֻ庮ȴȫԹӣ˶ݵĻ̲סĵ׵ı꣡
ڣ١
ķɴȫصʱ庮ȫǷһֱӳ˹ȥŭޣ·̣㾹Ȼ˰£
ҲԼ𣿡
Բۣ㾹ȻԼᣡ
޹һβȾ飬ԱĲҪҪģңûиվţ
һ庮ֱǺ޵Сʷַ췴
µ֣Ҫˣͼ
ʱ庮ȻͷѹѹһƬ˵ʱǵļ⿪ʼ顣
鲻Ըİʩһһ䣬Ҫҧ˹һˡϡ󣡡
庮һ˵꣬𺳵ĺһһ
ƺùü庮ˣƳƳ˵
庮Ŀ˲û˼Ȼôȥˣԭӡ
ɨ˼ۻָĻ㲻ŲҰ˵Ŀѵǣ˾ֱӵˣԺǻǡ
仰˵⣬ȴºࡣ
Ʋס˷ܣܼеսôܲ
ﲻ°ɡ

⻰һ꣬˶еңжӶƬ̵Ļҡ
ЦЦδķ˺ϲԣɣңҲϲ
⻰ɶ˼
˼ǣһҰˣ
庮ͷС˵ֳˣ
ԭʼǣɶûУ
ΨһеľǡûǱģ˵ֵͦߵġ
ǰû֣ҲʮŬĽǰĽ˲֪ٱе㲻뿪ˡ
صǣЩĪǸʲôԴˣЩʼҳĺïʢ
ЩǷȻĻ֪óʲôӡ
š
ϧˣ˹޵˽˲Ʋ
ļģ˭ǰ⽻˳أ©ʲôģֱҪ̫򵥡
֮庮ͻȻϸ룬ǾΰɣܶǮǳǮ뵽Ǯ۾
Сϲ

庮ʼ鴤ղŵĽɽɽֱӱһʯͷ
ͽУСǡ

Ϧ̲ס²ˣǵļֵǿ֪ģֻЩ͵ֲͿˡ
ϧ
˳ȥ
վϤĿģָоǴѭŵĸоһĿȻǵһΣȴ궼š
վŴŰɫȹΪżŽž˳˲䣬ͿϤɫգĵõζ
ֲеķҷζ̲ס˫ۣĺ
޽ڻ˲ĲӣЦų˵վţδķˣǲ۸֪𣿡
ǣ
ʮƴȫ˵ֱͲݣվűܵĻס䣬ϣҲɹıѣûٳԸղŵĸо
ɵĴ۾ﻹЩãȻþòų棬ǵӣ֪ǿϢվŲ죬ǵʷǳ
Ҳע⵽ǵ壬ͻȻ˿
Դ̫֪޿ͼѲŷӦȻ˵ʱʲôûУֲʵҲ١ܺѵֻԼˡ
˵Щ֪ġ
֪ģ£Ȼ룬Ǽϰ弼ĸоһԾԼ˲ٶģһʱ䣬Ҳ½
˵ţͰѸ˶˴ˣĻľĶ
治̫ã˵߰Ķӣܣվ̲סЦЦǳĵĿ佱Ǻð
Ҳõ˹޵ͬվǴҲ֪屾Ҫָҩ߸߿Ƽǿ屾
ﱻЩ˼رǻôɰŮĺȴǳļǺϲ˱ǵŮ
վŵԴ۵׺ЦȷʵܰңܱǸڲ
仰ĵ׷ᣬˣǺǰһǣҲ֪ĵԸ
˶ۿһעһʰٹ⣡
ʰٹ⣡
ʰٹ⣡
һ仰Դʣÿ˶ţ㾡ļֺ͡
ʱֿʼ̲סˣղ޵һۣҳ֣ڶû
ʱʲôֱ̫ԲԼˣ
תתȺ˴˿̼ģ̲סĵ׺վ˵žţ׸裬;裬һ׶Уڣ׼Ҹֵ˵ܻҩ޺ҪҪҪ
֮ҪҪ˵飬Ϊϴԣ
վסھ˵ĸоȫ⣬ǿǰһ˫˫͵ߣͷһѪԣĵʲôɶ
ɨɨվĹޣҲһƸǿǱݣ޷ơ
ʿҲ硭
΢΢½ëվ룬촽ЩΪѣ񳪲ָо
ߵȵЩżһֱߴ٣žŰҸֵҸֵ
վᣬȻ֪ĳǵļ
ɤӣվŴƹˤͻȻ̧Դž˵ǵ࣬Ϊǿģ׸һף
ƣ˵Ķã
һ㶣û뵽ͻȻ˵ȴûֹֻɨһԱ⳶ţֹ˷ܵߡ
վһΣǴΪ׵ɤǳ


һ
һһ
սʿĸ

û¶һģ׸ӦúܺʰɣҲ֪ѡһһʿҲͦõġ
վҲѧҰο
ʵ֪վŵĴڣҲ֮䴫ֻû뵽ɤȻôĺãңһ׸裬Ǻϲ
ѣֻΪǱԾвԼϲǾȻܿ͸ź߳˴ϳ
ߵ۾ϹˣŲǵҸֵͷۻĲʵУ
⻤סȻָԵˡ
һ֪ԭָãֹֺʮ㣬˳ȻһֶԾӪĻȵ
Ǿϲء
ϣ۵˼֡
СԽԽˡ


204 
ﳢ˲һĸоһЩ֪޾վţ̲סͷ¶ָо֣ǳ֣ȴǳϲ
ǵĻȻվֻ۵׶ǻϲ
վǰ˹ޣԭľ裬˲ˣǰͺ̣׸趼ֹ֡
䣬ϸĿЦ˵СţɳƵɤЩ֣װ׵ҪţҲ⹴
Ȼվֻһ£˫־סȥƺɴͿסĺԣԼƣÿһζǵüΪҪȥһ
ǰһҲһس׵ĸ衣
Ȼȫ档
庮̧֣סԼǣԴӹ޺վһڳ鴤ָоãһ㶼ã
Ϧ̲סЦЦ۵׶ůɫߵͻȻͷ˵벻Ҫҿġ

̧־һȭ庮൱
Ҳ֪ʿɶֹ庮һŭĴˡ
ָĦվŵĴǣһԼߵ庮øʲôʲôȥɣҴСųȥתת
䣬Ҳֱʧˡ
庮ˣ⼸춼æɹãÿﶼڸЩʲôȻǰҲôôôᣡ
ͿﶼЩͷƤ飬ʱ䣬ǿǳ׵֪庮ƢʱغһһŵӣеԲ
庮ҧʲôȥܸʮȥſ²Ҫ

ںԭĺ飬һ±׵ĥˡ
ﱻ˿󱳶Щ׼ȷ˵ںû庮󡭡
Ǹ¡

ʱòһˣôַӣôֱӣ
˵ܾܣ󲿶ҲֱˣһƬĽŲ
˼£뵽˸ղŵĸ裬Ҫ
ҲǴ￪ʼǿʼǵľġ
޼Ĵվ뿪ȻоԼһ쳣׳ϣֱӽϡ
Сš
ִĺϢȣ˿˿ĺĴϣûվŷӦͽ·ȫĨ˼͵ĽռС
֪̫ԣȫֻͣԼȫҪҲҪҪ
վŵķãܿͱĻ
ⳡƳ˺ܾãֱǳ޲Žſ
վƣĿĻŲԶգૣЩίޣҶûˡ
ʱĹһȫѹեһʱôãƫƫһʱȫڴϣ
ԭתһתڵãûˣ
῿ɣţ¶ţվֻóĳ¡
Ǵμ֮ϲԼ·ʱҲûи·Ļᡣ
ЩԹɤ޵ͷ۾˵ֻҪҡԵߴ¹˻ƣվŲŴ
һô룬Բԣôҡ
޵żЦ⣬᲻þܾվŵͷš
ЦǻϲĻ˼֣ԼϣԼ壬ھҪҡ
ҡ
ȻҪ󣬵ȴվŵ˼ọֱ̈̄ҹʮֲŷſ
Ż˯վŻصɴ󣬹ްϴɾȻŽԼ뿪ˡ
ʱ庮ڱȶϣѾ
ԭʮ˶Ļʿ֮󣬻׵ڱϣʱǽͨǿʼϤҪݷ
ʱ庮ľǳУûзĵǴ˯ȷˡ
۽ǣޡ
޵ͷ庮ǰ˸ŵϢ棬һ˵ǵĻعٶȺܿ죬⽫ʱǿǵǿȣǲߣڵѶ̫ˡ
Լ£޺ҲǷš
庮ʱҲ˵ͷǵԶΪҪõĶ࣬ݳڶ壬ɱԭսʿ
ϣǧļ֣Ļıڵ硭˵ţ̲ס̾ȫʣǰ붼룬ǾȻʵʵĳǰļȫÿƼȥ͡
屾ûмޣȻǵԶǸǡ
庮ֱ̧ۣԼԲ԰׵Ƥ̲ס˵ҲһݱȶԣȶԣȻЩ𣬵֮ǰǰչ˼ҰҪȥѵû̫ࡣ
˼ѵСԵĸ׼ȷ޿ڣһЩȻҵСš
庮˳ǣȻĿϣȥҰսˣ


205 
޹˹βָ̧ⵯ˵һЩЦұšЩ̲סϾҼСôˡ
㻹˼˵˼Сÿ춼㣬Ͳ˯ˣҲ°Ϳˣ
˵庮е
վŵǺģ˺ܶ࣬ʾš
Eǹ޵SSS
ֱ͵صĲ
չŵ˵˵͵綯ʲô𣬵վǷ˵尡
庮۵̫أڹˣûˡ
Сţ
ôˣ㡭DD
庮û˵ֱ꣬Ӿͱ
ģҪ˵껰

ްߣֱӾǧ
Բۣ
庮ĵ׼ֱХ
һ庮ŭͲվ⣡
һ˵Ȼֹͣ˫˵˵ʲô
֮ͣ庮ĴԻеɵģһż˵үߵʱҷĻ򣬵ĻЩر𣬷˺ܾòų
㾹ȻҲ
ã庮ͣүӵķԸңҳ˽㡣
죬庮ֱӴĻʱ˵ֱӰӵˣĴ
һ˵޵ˣȫԿǺѹѹİӰǿֲ
庮ĭҾǱȽû뵽ʱôûнƣӣԾǱѹեˣҲŸġ
̲סһЦЦĴֻ꣬ȴ伫ˣѹեôˣҵģ
ݲ
庮֪ռⲻܵԼԭ򣬼ü庮˵վŵԶֻEҰѷĽүӣүҸ㣬ƣƣƣ
һ˵꣬庮ۣ׼ȴĿ籩꣬ǹȴٳûС
Сۣƺʲôһ
°ͣһ˵ʲôõĶ𣿡
⻰һ˵庮ûѪˣŭǾ𣡡
˫һУ˵Ǿˣ㲻ҪŮˣҪˣʵڲУҸҸˣ
ޣѾı췴
㵹췴һԣţаβɢȥƫƫ庮ֹס
вв
庮ҧЩƣǺúں˵վŵ岢翴ȥôãEȣ廹Ҫһ֣
򴽣ûжԡ
ʹһЩ£û˵ʱԺܵվš֮ǰҲһֱֹ㣬㣡

һϣ޵ûۣ
Ļ壬ҲЩ죬ܲĻô˵ôɢ
庮һͼԼܹ侲ޣҪ֪ԽƴҪռԽڵʱ䡣
Ȼȣ죡
庮üϵϢ˲ݱ壬ŵɫʣ۵״ΣޣҪѧϧ
بDD
Ӧ庮ǹ޷ŭˤŵ
Ԫʧ庮ȫأֻǽЩ
Щĵǰ
庮ҡҡͷҪ֪վŵѾڱĻȷʵЩַ֣ǰүӵҪģµģԵӦþվţүӲԸ˵Ҳֻܽ
վŵĻ֮ǰҲƫǳࡣ
庮ͷվŵĻǿ󣬿ȴܴүӵ˵ûҵǿķǰȿȡ̫
̲סЦЦüŪ۵˵Ӧûûصϰɣ
˭˵ûУûվŶɶˣÿ춼޾ɵģ˶֪Ϳˣ
庮˵Խ⣬Խ̲סˣ΢΢ƽ۾˵ǲǹģ
ûУ
ٴηϣ庮ߣǳĿʼϣʼ磬ſαϣһƦЦ֪ʲôҲá
庮ûĵһۣʲôأû
ɲţѧҽģ治ˣһᱣܵģүɶУһ֪ܲͲޱƵñС޿үϲ¡
⻰Ż군
û£ء
庮ҧ죬޲÷
ôһ˵۾˲ˣĴ˴Ҿ˵ɣүɶһ֪ܲҷģҾԲ˵
Ǻǡ
һЦͻȻס庮ֱӾͳȥ
ôأʲôסҵ죿Ϧ޷


206 
庮صϣһǲǸ߹㣬ǲģ
Ϧ߳Ǻܶ࣬ǻס
ͻȻϦһЦܱǷҵĸ˶˶ˣôͻǲң
һ˵ʲôʱͻðˣ㣬᲻
ûж⡣
˭֪û뷨
ʱ庮ǻǴ̣ԽԽңȻЩֻ˽Щ£ֻЩ֪
ϦɬĹ˹Ӧ֪ҾҲᱳ㡣
Ҫ⸱ңȥ
ôң
ᡣ
ƺ߶ԸԼϣϦüģĲУֻӲˣǺúúദã֪ã
ĬĬһ˵Ǳ͵ĺá
ȻϦ˵˲䣬˵ϢˣֱӾһȭϣʵʵϵ
Ϧ̧࣬⣬ֻЦЦ
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庮Ϳ̤һѪȣҿڣôˣ
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207 
վգգ۾Ƥ˵ֻ֪ȽԹԵġ
仰ôӦ˵Ŷԣ
ǣ㱻߬ţѾԼЩܿˣм£ҪֱӰˣ̻ʲô٣
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ꡪDD
һ𣬾ͼվС˻Լӣ˵ôң
ղŵһֱӾʧ٣޺һۣСԽԽˡ
վüÿɷ񣬶Ըأ
뵽վŸӵˣЦҲԾˡ
̾Ҳû취ⶫһ߸ģʲôʱģ
УؿڵĿռϡ
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վգգۣ㶵ģô޾ֱۣһԣҪ㣡


208 
˶վŰԴͬˣ⿪˲䣬ͱһ˻
ԵĲӣվŻе㶵ģһ˵޲Ҫ𣿡
޹һЦҼСǹֲСС첲СȣֻǸһš

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ӦһͻȻָ˵ޣΪҲҡءҡޡѾءү⣬ſء
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209 
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庮ƸҪˣԭ뷨һֱԥҪҪ飬ϾѵľʱֵµǲԥˣֱӰˡ


210 
ĵˣ޵·治ϴ򶷵ϡ
أɳʯңµıԵֻ˵ĹǼܣ˵ֲˣһ˿ֲӵеˮﶼ֮١
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211 
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뵱ȻģЩˣһûгԵùӡ
صǣʹŤȴûɱûС
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۵׻˼⣬ЩҺǷΣԡ
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ʱȥĺܿ죬ٳûվҲʼԼǲжϴˡ
ʱðһҳƬ̺˳ȻóǸӡ
ùȥţ˵ҵޣҪСȥ⣬ֻǾͺƿ

ţ
ʱз

µеϡˣôǹӣʲô
˻Σð֮ҲûʲôҲͽ⣬վ룬ǰĸо˵˳źˣźǵ

û̼Ҳûеʳɷ֣ǡ
վ£С˵ֻǸоܺóԡܸоϢЩϤ벻

óԺ͵ʲôϵ
Ц±ڻӦòˣ뿪úǻˣ֮߼£֮پ
ǡ
ڼȥΧ£ֻǲûٷˣ˼֮ʱˣͻȥˡ
عʱһ˪ϻŨѪԾǾ˼ҵĴ򶷡
庮뿪֮Ҳûͣ£һֱɢߵȵˣǾǵʹҲһС¡
ΣΪǼ˱źһ㣬ǵƻôߡ
Ѿˣ뿪ڣҲһʱ䣬ڼȴ˼ĹȻЩ˵ķ
ǻðɣѵüģ庮Щơ
ĺľЩֻһһҹƣ
ãɼЩ˳˻̹޳գڵ۵ףüϢСʱ󿪻ᡣ
ǡ


212 
˶ȥ󣬹ް߽˹ǸֵĶȻʹվȥϢˡ
Ȼڻ˯һᣬǵʱ˹û˯þͱˣû˯ţҲЩۣ࣬Ȼǲ˷ʱˡ
ƲƲ죬ϵͳ⣬Ȼһ⻹Ѫζ壬쳣˵ȥϴҶѳζϴˣȥϴˡ
򴽣ͼ£̫ˣһ
ܺš߼֡
ʮ̾˿ʵʵȥϴȥˡ
ϲͺãҲ˵ʲô
οºҲϢˣϾҲζ
߻оеǸССüͷţƺЩ֣ˣʣȷֲϵģ

ôһʣ⻹Щסʱ
ֲĸϵǳǿֱӽ¶֣ҵʯܣлʹ֮󡭡
ˣΧûֲĸϵΪǱƻˣϾĸ
֮Ҳȷ
ⶢֵĶԥ֣
ҡͷǿŵ

վʲôֱȻ˵ˡ
ƺţ߽ڲӰ˳ָ˵㶫ǳŻڵⶫǵǣڲ㣬ССһžֵ
ֵ
ţߵжϣӦѾڵ³߰꣬ǺʱҪļ󡣡
Ӱ˸λСצ˵ѾʼˣңţСû۾Ըоڶʲô
˵ʲô𣿡
ţܣһָӦԳ

ʮĴǳǳʮĴڣ˵ţ߶˶צӣЩͼҲŶ˶̣Ҳࡣ
˵꣬۾գգ֡
ĸо
ߵɴ˫ۣĿ˵ʲô飡֪Ҫһָ𣡡
ĶԻ̲סһЦЩνĸߵȴڣƺ̫ԣԵЩ
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죬ôһ˵˼ǣ˷£ɣ
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νȻ󣬴ʱ򣬻˲þһ۲ı塣ң޲ģҲ˵ǹŵ࣬ڵ࣬Ӱ춼ڡ
Ļԭ򣬾ǵӰŴ󣬶ңĶı˵Ļ򣬻ӵرҲɿأǸߵֲԭ򡣡
أ
ܡ
ü
ţǺ׾ͱƣһڳߡ
ֶأǿԸĻ򣬲ҿĻںϣһָƷʵںϼңɹʼߡ
˵ͬʱ߾ȻҲ˳͸Һź𣬶ԼЩر
ᴿˣЧϻһЩ߼͵͵ʹãЩǱֹģҲûãǻкܶ͵͵ãȻԼԼɹġ
ҸԣӸ޶Уȫ̳޵ҿɱЩ޴ǿˡ
˳ǣãֿʼɪˡ
˵ʵһʱԺ᳤βͣʲôģʲô¡

̾˿⽫ֵ֮Ⱥ˵¡
ߵͷİ˰֣ͼĴڣҩʧƷ㲻ϡǿЩǶһǿСһ˶һ㣬Ƕǲӵģʬ嶼ûС
ͻȻãӦöֻСĿ࿴̫С
Ǽܲס˺ս
⣬ͻȻסҩҪôʹãܹ㷺Ӧã
ҡеҩ֣һܾͿˡ
˫Ŀ󣬡ôܣ
ᴿģһҩӦû࣬ʹ÷ԲǵȻ˿
˵ʱ۵׶ĳվš
⿴۵ףһʱԶԡ
תǿŵ˵ЩҶϸ޵ģ˯
ס㡭


213 
ˣûˣСƢһˣü죬ģɴҲˣֱӾʧվŵüġ
Ҳ֪ʲôֻǵһ۳ıߡ
վüģϰ߷ţЩ̫ϰİ˵ʲôûг֡
ǵһΡ
ΪߣվŵҲܵӰ죬һ춼Щ޾ɣܶʱֻһԷɵա
վڲԶ۵׳
򴽣ĳɳ̫ѸˣƺΪ֪С˵飬һˡ
û˵˶˵죬񣬾С˿ӣ䵽Ϣ
š
Ȼ˵һ̵ĸоȴҲûٶԡ
վһ죬ֱ˵ڶֲ
һεƽԭϣңңȥΧȫʬͺǣܶ绯ӣӦʮ֮á
⼸һѾȫָҪ򾲣ҲܵȻﲻԶһ꣬һ࣬ѾǺ֮ܶǰооԱ
ףȽɡ
΢̧֣⻮һâеǰ̧־¡
һı壬һѪ˿ֻ᷺ŻһֱЩĬվ۾ȴ»ָɫ
̲סޣָĦţûסó˱Ҳȥ
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庮ֹ㡭
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Һܺãԭȥ̤裬мһȺ˿Ҿ͸ˡƵһת̫ãʶѾʼģڿٱġ
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뿪֮ǰĵߣһϢӽֻ࣬ǻʱƣǱȥʱҲˡ
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⽫˷ų󣬾ͻָԭͣ磬жѸݵĽ˶ߡ
庮̿ڣҵˣȥ
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ߵɤЩƣϸȴ˺ܶҲôҡ
Сֹ³֣ӳһЩЩȻ⻹Ҫ˼Ӥʡ
⿴ֵʱ۵׻ϲãȻʧȥֻǴĻȴٳû¡
Сߡ
ƳһۣҲ°ԼŪˣĵɱ߸߶ˣΪǴˣһһСƨȻҪҲģô͡
һ߰飬һ߲ϵİੲݣһǺƢ߶û뿪һ£ֻŴǣʱĵͷ˵ᡣ
ȷһ
ʵֱ飬Ҳ֪ΪʲôܸоǺܿףȽϷġ
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վգŴ۾佱ǰգ
һ磬ԭα¶С쳣⣬ģȹ޺ⶼ


214 
վһװãҼģ
޼ָ˾Ҳź
Ǽ˵ˣ죬۾ģߵĿ㶼ûң
˭ͣһСľ졣
ûУɴֱۣӷϡ
ʱԱ߸ݵλϣ˵û£Ǻ֡
߱һ仰˵һһ㶵ĺһûת˵ǶЦ˳
⻰ɲǾ˵ͣûķϣֻ˵ίһ㰡
Ц֮»ָࡣ
ȵ˵ط֮庮ȥٶȷǳĽݶ˳
˷ǵźŽȥֻܽм򵥵¸УǸ֪̫࣬ǲȷ巽λϴϵ֮ҲûͨѶ֪
δ֪£ǶЩء
ȥӪָңӦÿԽǴȻ˵ʵҲ̫ȷ
һȥһ׵ʱ򣬾ͱԴסˣһףʵİҲǺܶࡣ
ȥôɵĶһܴ
Ȳ˵ﱾСαװȫϣ´ݾߣ͵˵ǲϤȺ˵ȴֻһ㣬ǲòע⡣
ɫҲע⵽ˣĿǰΪֹƺûиõѡ
ͼɲǲ̫ãԾر𲻺á
ˣȥͿˡ˵⣬ǱҪܶࡣ
Ϊ˰ȫֱȥֻȥ
ʵ任ʱǳãһҪһʱָܻͲã˷ѵҸֵ
Լ̵óһСװãһΪеһǣ߽͵ǴǽվˣЩ΢ͻ˻Ὣټ
Լ𣿡ٻЩġ
̧־ʹŵŭ㾹Ȼң
ûץס֣ȥСĵ㣬ܶ࣬Ҫã
֪֪ȥʱԽϣԽá˵꣬һ˿ʧ
վŵԴ
ڵʱû̫עǲڵʱǵģСԾǲ֪ôҲӵĴزٵĴڰɡ
ȻЩˬ
ûҪһݼƽϲǣ
ްοԼͽվ±˻ļͷ˵õСҪңҲ̫ģҪôֲң
Ͼֲ㡣һڣվɤźķ硣
šβԭֻǣƽ׶˸ŵͷֻҪˡ򴽽ǣ޵˵ԼĴС˵һҪ
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վ˵ĵϷŹޣȫûнȸУȴ˵ϣǲܿƵߡ
庮ԭĺ֣ǿ߸ĶֱӾʧˡ
ߣԽԽˣ
ߵٶԶ죬ҲԺܿʹﵽ˵ײоҡ
ֻǽ֮ǰôӣһ
ֽǼ޵īɫһĶСͽҵ
֮ǰӣҺ壬һֹ
ݴ͵ͬʱҲ֮䲻ϵĴֱһι̵Ľҵ
ߵѹСǵߵ˲䣬ǱһѹֵϢˡ
ȻûбǷͱߣ߶Щڣ۵С˺һᣬ߿ڡ
ǵģͲܲҪôң
㶣֪ûж⣬ֻ򴽣û˵
߷˸ۣ߼״˳˼򵥵ӦԣҩǶھͿԻָģǶһ
ľͷȴǳȥȥ֮˵
ü˵Թû취ܡ
߽ӪֵСóֱӶͼ˽ȥЦûӦʱҲֱӽ˽ȥͬʱųˡ
򵥡
Żʧȴĵʵȴ΢ͻ䣬ǿƼ֮⣬ǳİȫ
꿴ŴԽԽľܶȣȫǵԤ⡣
庮ɫ࣬ΪУȻʮԱʲô֮ǰڱ߽ʧһˣȫû
Ⱥģ
ŵļԱҲŭǵĺֵܾȻԴ
庮ֻ嶼ڲеѪҺŭͷܹڣֻ˺Щˣ
۵΢ָվŵգᣬȴһԵ侯棬侲


215 
庮һ£ǻϵ˾޴֪
ףȥңᡣ
߻ʱֱӱС˶ͳվŵĻϴЦŽ˵žţһˡ
޿һۣһεûֹ
ȫǵôߣֱſվŻһԣСצһڲˡ
ȥʱ򣬹ϸһ˪۵׶κֻĿԼơ
¹޵ֱӾͺڳɹˡ
޵ϢԽԽ䣬վһߺţһҲעôˣ
ġ˵㴽ǣ³ԴŲãɺͫﲻ˸ĿĹʡ
վſһЦ˳ָȥΪ̫죬޵ָⶼûüջأֱȥ˳㽫ָҲ˴
΢Ĵ̫ãվһʱЩ̷ſգŴ۾̵Ľëҧţۡ
ͷֿʼҵβϼ΢۵̲ס
СŹԡϡ
ָͷվŹɵķŹȴĿϲܲɷֵĸоֻкһ𣬲ܰ궯ġ
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ǡ
޻Ὺģǲܾģǳ
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庮ԭ뿪ڣÿʿع鶼ҪȺ˽жݵĽкܶҲǿѹ
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˵ãһ˵庮ֱӾͱˣŷйԼͷļ尾˻˵û£ǰҸôණ㶼ԴԼͲܶԼõ㣡
ֻǲСġ֪ڵģԭͲ̫˰Ҳֻ˵ôһ䡣
庮ۿǺģֱ˦뿪
Ҫ˵Щʲôȴһ䶼û˵
庮ĸΪڹߵʱã޵ʱãҲ֮γһεʱ䲻ϵķͱֱܿơ
վųʱˣΪͷλأϾ˹ؽڴļΣѪҺ;ҲͨȻˡ
ʧ䣬ʾ޽ǿܹļͷ˫̽˼ºһͰˡ
ǿҵʹֱԣ;Ȼɫһףֱ˹ȥɾ廹ǲϵð亮嶼ڲסĳ鶯
֣վŶĹ˵֮ҪƵģûʲô̫⡣
޵ͷʾ˽ʹȥϢ
ʱҲ˽
üͷ˵״ЩҪһЩǻǿԻָģֻʱҲỨѵľһ㡣


216 
һղΪ޻£ǵʱͷܺХǳô
ʱ̤ͻȻҲ˹ײײǰŵĿˡ
ֻҪȻһҪ侲ֻܶ࣬ǲ͹ǳ߬ȭͷҧźſ˿ڣҪã
߿˿ޣĬ˵Ҫ
ʱֱӴ
һ˵ЩΪѵĿվţվŵʹߣֻļϲĽëɼǺܿġ
ϵϢһֱЩǵʱ򣬻Щıġ
ǡ
Щġ
ָԼģΪͻȻ
վںԼϵ
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ԣԲԣ޻ʧ᲻ϲ᲻Ķһ±һˡ
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ĸǿңĺͫЩˮ
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Ӱվš
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ֻüͷվŵ߾ͱˣû˸ղŵʹ⣬ȾƫִĻ档
վŷŭգϵԪضʼţƺʱըѣ˺ѣǲǲϲǲӣǲǲһ𣡡
ϲһ𡣡ͼ
ϲӣҾɱ㣡һӳ˾ɱȻ
վ˫Ŀ죬ϵԪΧڴϡ
޲ûзֻǺ˳ӣֻĵײϵĺڽ
վżܹԣǲ¹Цݣ۾գţҧŴǶĻŵСޡ
Ҫԣһúó谮ģֻҪԹԵĴһȫҪġ
վ˵ţóڴߣǳĿĽϣ̧ḧţӡҲˣޣľܣҪȻĻᷴŶ
˿ϵĶ򴽣֪
˵վ˽ʹ˼ʮҸֵΪ˽
ߴѾȫߣֻûȫֳѡ
˵ʲôʱ·ֱӱһŻȼմžһ߳ȵ壬վŲִֵ̬󣬡ޣҪ㡭


217 
û뵽վŻֱִţȻѹƵ޷
վ̹ɵţ۵룬ĳȣޡ
ĵһһұɤһ֣Ȼĳ嶯ﵽ˶ˡ
ɵѾͷѹ£̾ڣȫͷ񲶼̳ȥҵ֡
ޡ
ţ
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ǹЦ⣬˻ĥĴ³ȫռС
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޵ʱʧֻԸ١
һһ֣ƺֹһ
վ⣬ССüͷţ̧ۿľ徭磬һɫ
ġ
Ҳֻο
ҡҡͷҲģ޶ܰû˿԰ˡ
ԽǵõԽǺʧȥӵһۿޣվžͽԼ˾޿ˡ
ֻһ۾ͽӡĵףǲִţǲ̬ƫִ
ȷǲֵãҲǺ˻ˣȫģǷɶ˻һĽԼ˳ȥ
Ŀò˵С˵𣿡
ҡҡͷľһֱѹƣû뵽ͻƷߣ˵죬ǵʱͻ
ˣ
ţҪĻһЦҴҪһ˯һʱ䡣
û뵽վʱ佫˽ôʱȽæȻֱӺ⣬˽Զһ
ܶණãΪ̫ǿʵһֱЩõ¡
ֻû뵽Ȼȫ˼ȫ˶ԸϣҲҲãʵҲЩͷۡ
ִ̫ˡ
Ժʲô£ȱһ
ߵ˶û취ӣҲһеĸܵվŵǿ
S
ĿǰΪֹֻй˼˳˼˵SˣSSS١
庮ڵ֪εʱ򣬾ͱȻ״Ҳǳ⣬ЩƺվŸֱӴˣ
޵⣡
վţʲô
庮ƣվ⣬ü˵Ϊǿľʼ㼯ˣзɴҴȥһ¡
š
庮ãҲΡ
ľѹˣҪĸСʱûȨʱ䣬Ҫȴɧſһ㶼١
Դֻǵˡ
ʵǰžߣ۵ЩʱҲڣҵڲϵͳȫϤˣ⼸ɱ¾ĵ׵ԽԽԭ
žŲһûûûжδ㽣е綼ֻһޡ
˵۵Щˮֻһ޺á
̾Ȼס
վŶԹ޵ռȻЩѹƣֻҪһʱˣȻܷƫִ
˿ޣ⣬޿Ҳ⣬˵һ仰ͫ׵׶Щ΢ɪ
ʲôĿţżȻƿľҲὫ֣ӵܲ͸硣
ǿҵռУֻҪһЩᷢ֡
ӦҲǹݵĽ˵Ľ
⼸ζ޹ίǲã⽫վպɣίãҪ״̬
һٶ£վžͳ˱һϰߡ
ںһ˿һĲ
ޣվµһ·ķʽ˩һ
ǲ̬Ťģƫƫʺǵķʽ
ЦЦ
ǰĹ󣬿ĽƺҲڵԼԨ伫ֶΣ㱰ӣҲҪҪģֽԼ
ǹɡ
վţ벻˭ܵİҲ벻ᰮ˭
԰
ڹĵףǰȦֻİ
ڣǿ׳ĺۣץۣͷһĳݺۣЦš
ƺǼ̫վžȻ˹ȥ
ɾҲȦ壬û
ָ̧üͷȴɲ˫̲סһǣȴ룬Ȼֱ˫ۡ
վ㶣òȥĺ쳱۵׵ķҲʼޡҪҡ
ҪϢ
Ҳ
ֱӾܾվž顣
վŵ˫ȴЩޣ·ֻңֻǲϵظš
֪ϲϲģҶ㡭ȫ㡭ҪԱ˺ãҪ


218 
վŵĻǴЩƮɢ
û뵽վŻ᲻֪ƣҪһ㣬ţһ˿һͣЪƲסԼͷޡ
ɾ˵
һղУеѪͻȻɢŨʧȥһء
һǻ嶯ҲʱȻֹ۵׵̡
޴ִţ۵ЩգĻȾͣǰա
վǸԵҲͰˣû뵽ԼȻҲˣ
ܲס꣬ƫƫȻʧˣһͽ̳Դˣ
վΪֹͣ΢΢һأɤŨŨίޡ
û§ڻǿԼȥ֪¶ȣþòżѿڣСţˣЪһЪòãҲӣҲأ˯һòã
ǡ
ԣֻһᣬţ
Ŀռȡߵҩ£˫۽ţвԸͼʧЦأԺ£ס°Ͷ˹ȥ
ҩʱվͻȻҧסĴ꣬۾գţ˵ޡҶˡ
סҲֻƬ̣±ѹ£һֱҲڷֿ
ȻĴ̼ù޵Ĵѣ£ּ»ĸо˽ȥ
ǽѣǾԿء
վڴߣϵϣüһ䣬ɺ۵һȴû̱۵ףʱƱһ
óһվŵݵĴߣʾԵ
ù΢΢ס۵ǳĹ⡣
죬ҧһڣûȥվžס°ͣȥһͰĹӸˡ
ס
վۣζųӣ۵ȫϲã𺱩ԪضƺЩ
һҪ
վҪ
ٴҧһڣһƺΪĶͼվŵĴ۾ˣģ̫Ŀ
Ҫ
վŲ֪ƣҪ嶼Ⱦɫ˫ֽգϢŵѹ޵
̫ˣͣЪ
֪ι˶ãվƺˣڹǰԴ
Ϊ۵һֱһѪɫɫ궯Լƫִ
˷ǳãõ޶ǵҪ
վȻǰǰֻŵԱ˵䣬һЦޣҪҡ
޴ߣ΢Ѱ̾ȥĻʧȥǣһֱ¡
СţڹңͲҪôˡ
ʲô
㡣
վ򴽽ǣЦӯӯ˵ޡҳ㡭
Цһֱڳ嶯ԵĸоɤȾԸУɳ룬͸ŨŨջ󣬡ҡ
á
ϣվűκһζҪ飬ǱĴţҵݵķʽ
һȥŵǵûм٣Լǿ˼֡
ȷû֮庮ҲûڿֻվڲԶȷŹߵ
ɵģȴҲΪ
ԭ޻ͨż֪վŵǺҲɴ׶ϵֻʣЩ߸ż
߳˺ܶ࣬ǱҲȷһص
ЩƺֻѼˣȴ֪ܲ
ЩνƺҪһʱȥɳ˷ǳڵµʵңÿ涼ûиˡ
ԿǵţضҪһʧǲŸЩȥ
ͷ޲ڣͲòеĹٷųһЩˣ̫󣬵ȥңҪĸµʱ䣬ǴҵһЩ
ųȥˡ
庮ɤЩƣ⣬Ҳ¹ͻȻѯʡ֪ܹͨǲ֪Ҳֻܿˡ
վȻЩҲֻһ¡
Ľһ󲿷ԭΪޣֲǺͿˣȻῪˣοվ´ĺӡ
üģ庮ͻȻʣǱ˵ڶ֧ҩʲôʱõ֧
һ£עʱ뵽£һ֮ͿԵ֧һ֧ѵʱͿˡ
˶٣˵֧ҩǸõģýڰȫķڡ
庮ͷϴεҲڣ޶Щ޷ѹֵʹһǳʹࡣ
ʱ͵ϢͻȻ֣庮Ȼֱӳź෴ķȥ
¡
뵽庮Щգһʧǧźޣ
εɤ𣬡ҡ


219 
һڣ庮ٶȸˣֱӾܿˡ
Σ·ʱ򣬰ѯʣû£
ͷû£С˲˺ͦ
͵ͷֱ뿪ˣһ·˳庮׷ȥ
²ۣƲƳ죬žм飬庮˭ɶһݣÿζͺ˶һֻըëèһ
̲סЦ£û
һۣ߼ʯŹ޿Կվŵ塣
庮ߵļУԼſڵʱֱӾײϦϦҲʧ񣬾ײһţֱӾ͵˵ϡ
Ϧ˫ۣµˣЩûл񣬡㡭
ʱϵҲվԭסüͷ
͵Ϧ۵׵İ˳ǣһʱû˷Ӧ
庮üƿžʹȥ
סľɤ˵лҪ˵
˦֣庮˵Ȼݣ̧־ͽٴס
Ϧ̧־ʹ˷͵֣ûԸ
͵üͷСɽֻһ̫˵庮ʲôһźҵĴǡ
庮ߣ۵Щ˸
лҪ˵
ٴظͺǹִ
Ϧԭ˵ͼ庮ȻԾ׼ط䣬ֱס庮ٶȼĽķ䣬Ȼš
˲䣬庮ǴһѸߡ
ʲô˵
ôˣ
Ȼ庮ܱ䣬Ƿͻ˺ܾòűôһ䣬⻰һ˵庮ˡ
ȥ

۵ЩãȻƺû˵ʲô
庮Ųʲôʱֻ뽫ߣ£붼Щ
Ȼ㲻ʲôǱһжҪ棬ҽԭ򣬷ȿˣ
˵ȥ
庮գôôˣĺĺ
ͱ죬ôǿڵķʽˣͻ˸Ҳǹġ

ɫ̫ãͻȻ뵽Լ֮ǰ׵Լٽ˵Ҳңҡ
庮ףЩ΢΢ͽӲϷſɵĺΣǰû˵
׼ôˣŸɴ͵ĸˣͼ˵ĴҺϲһһԡ

庮еԪضʼľͷⶼ˵ʲôʲô
ϺԽԽأľګǰҪıģ
˵Ҫ¿ʼͣ
ǰҲûҪôϸ
˰죬ʹͷʼ㱨ģҲѵʱԼҲ㱨һ£ӦþͲˡ
ˣִ㿪ڡ
졭
庮ȥֱס죬ô˵ҲԼųĺӣô֪ܲʲôƢһ£ԾǴŻܱ棡
ҲΪ£Ŀ庮ĴڣȻҲرĴУ࿪ʼʼ
͵庮Ȼ֡
Լ̫Ѩ庮̾¾͵ûҲǲСģȻȥɣЩˣҪϢ
Сģ
ͻȻЩġĵǼģȻ˵˲Сģ
š
庮ϣԭһ⣬ֻЩ̫һˡ
һ϶͵üͷٴ𣬡㲻ǲСġ
庮Ĭٳûпڡ
֪Ƣ֪ʱִţֻЩϲ̬ȣϲĿ
ϲĲСġ

ɲͼ˵ҺϲĽӽǰǡǰ˵һԡ
˵
ֱ۱ס߸ߵһ첲ţϾͱķס
ֻǵķס۾š
һᣬͲ΢΢˶֮ͻȻϣһɨӶᡣ
庮ŵĿǰߴˣԵѹȸУһδ鵽
һᣬͽſֻɿ졣
ˣ̧֣µָĦ˼¡
ʱ庮ڴѣֱӽƿŭڸʲô
û뵽ᷢĻǷƬ̵Ľһ˵һ¡
庮˿⺢ӴС治ָף
ڳȥ
俪ں庮̲ס˳飬һǲףǸҲˣ
Ȼ֪Ӧ뿪ǹľǲߣߴӲʵһǽһվǰִ˵˯


220 
˵˯庮˶ˣԼЩҪըëļ󣬵ܿͰ
Ҫϳȥ
Ƭ̣һЦ㲻ҳȥ
庮üģ￴ģ
㿴˵˵Ҿͳȥϵ˺ִܶ࣬š
庮һȻ̧ۣҡ
ûڣס°;ȥžͽǽǣߴǰСĽǿҵϢ
ġ㡭˼£òܴǷȴֽסҸӵļ֡
ѧ
ģ
Ȼô죡
ԭֻɰͰ͵ţΣȻѧ˴˻ĥ
庮ֻЩȣһα˱ȵϡ
ڷſ庮뿪ڵĺſ϶ɫµΪɫƯ˼֡
庮ΪǸĵ̰֣һֱ쵼λãƱǿʱˣ󲿷ҲͲע⵽ʲˡ
ǣͲǣС;Ưϲ޵ӰӣΪǸʱӴࡣ
ſҡ
ͲԲֻƷȫԼϢ¡
庮ʼǺܿͷ֣ǿƵķͣӦҲʼ
Ϣң庮ԼĴԶʼȱˣ̲סʼģͣ㡭ȷſҡҲܺˡ
˵󣬷ͽſȴû뿪ɽڽ
庮ڵĺһԼհ׵ĴԻعǣ̧ۣŭӣͣɱ𣡡
Сġ
ƺΪ飬ԭʹɳƵɤӣڸ룬˼֡
ֻΪ˾̫庮ԼĶЩ֡
ͷֵĸоѹȥ庮ٿֻԶ㡣
ͳĬûж
庮Ȳȥմţͱ̵¶ȸŵˣٿȼ䣬ֱӸסˡ
ģȻ˷Ӧ
˳߿˿۵ײ죬˼ִƺҪ
庮ҽһȵ߿Щ˳ֻϽӿ
̧ƿ̧ȾߣֻǲӻûֱӾͱֱקأɤŰԵȥ
ȿϣ庮ַ£С꣬ʲôʱôǿˡ
˵üͷţ
庮Ҫȴһסֱѹһϣǰס˫֣ڷƾЩˡ
˫ȷֿ͵Ȳм䡣
庮סƬ̺ŭģϽȥ
ҡͷȥ
㵽ô
ôһǣֵֹ֮ĹϵЩץôоԼëëˣ
һ㡣
Щ΢ǰ͸ߴ庮ֻڵƱŤˣֲ֪ôڡ
У
롣
庮һ˵ͣ֡
ҡҡͷ΢΢һνԼ£µָĴ˵ŵĴ߾þ벻
ϵԭǳҰһԸУ΢΢˫ʱ򣬾庮ƣЩ
΢΢࿪ӣεͣһкܶ๤  ڲ㡭
һαϣһακһζңңƺѾڴˣʼơ
庮ͼֿ弼ܣȫĶ֣
Щϵ·һ˫־ֱ˺ѵõ˿·
庮ס
Ϳ԰ȴҲס
ָڴԣֱ壬Щ̰ĸš
庮һȻϿ̧־סֹ̽Ѱ۵ЩͰգͣʲô
ϲ塣
庮Դ鳱ɤɴڲɤ˵Ϲ˵ʲôأ
ҴСϲ㡣û裬ִ˵Ϊ᲻ϲңҡ
⣡
Ϊ̫ͣԿˣ֪»Ửȥˣĳǣû⣬ڼʲô
ҵĳǣҪ𡣡

庮̲סЩŤ˵ʲôȻҪ
ͼɫȥǿһ˿ȣɳƵɤ˵һԺòã˵Һһԡ
ԡʲôԣ˵ʲô
ͼ̫ԣ庮Ļ˵Щ̫ˣֻܿҪΪԲȼı仯ˣ˵ģ


221 
ԽԽ϶庮ȻԽԽˡ
òʱ򣬷һԽʹ뿪ȴ룬󱻷͸קסˣֱһϾϵ¡
۵״⣬Ǻϲơ
庮ϲ
庮ϺѹѹģͲûдҺˣǷȴǸľ񣬾Ǽֵף
㵽ô
Ƶĸо͸ˣңúȣͺȣо˶Ѿˡ
˵ҡ
ʹĿţȻƣɵǣؿڴ
ҲƯ
һ
Сǣһģ뵽ĵס
ͣ
͵ԽȣɫңѾˣεĿţֻ쳣գ
ŭЦһ£崺磬һӲΪȶˡ
ҲƯ

Ȼӵǰ治ʲôر˼Ϊʲôһľôģ÷꣡
һ庮ӣܱôѹƣԺ󻹵ˣ
ޣʲôԺ
üģ庮ʱۻˣȻԴű
Ϳʱʱı˳۶ˡ
һμʱǱүѡΪʿʱǸʱǸСС꣬վͬΪСĹԣȴûûоִٿֻš
ģ޴С
Ǹʱ룬ʲôʱ򣬿ԼЦ
۽޲˲ͻȻ˵ЦЦ
庮ЦЦɣԶǰͣȴǸĹһ߳;
ϲӣżӣЦʱ
庮סû뵽ͻȻ˵
ʵҲǰЦģãֻƺѾߡΪ͹޵ԭҪԵ˺ԶȳҪ࣬ѾϰߵһЦ滢˵˻˵
ʱ̫ãЩľ
ͻȻҪʱǾȻȫȡ
ϲһ˵ԭֻһ˵ʱķſԼ
ͼͻȻԼ˼ס°ͣ˵ЦЦ
庮һЦЦ
ͻȻû˻ڵϣԼԺƽӣòãϲġ
ᳶ庮һͣ㻹СԺаˣʱͿԡ
ϲ㣬ǿдĻ˵ֻ
͵ͳɤ˵İƺȻȴƫƫǳ
ǹִˣ庮һֱ֪Щһƣͻȫӡ
С
ܾ庮κĿռ䡣
Ƿ͵һα⣬ΪǷֿ̫ã⼸ͨ¡
Ŀ̧־˺Լ·ܿԼȫ㡣
ɫļϻŰ̺ۣȴѾ˲٣Զȳ˸ӽʵ壬͸Ϣ޷ӵģѾŵ
庮ָȻսߣֻһ·Ҳ˺飬žһ߳ص塣
ͣ

˵ֱӣǵĻЩ庮֪ͬ⣬Ȼͻ̴̴
ϵĸо̫庮ֻôƬ̵ĵԴ֮Ĺϵƺעı䡣
ֻͨʱ򣬾עҪǰ·
庮̾Ϣɤ˵𡭡
ͽߴĿ˵Ҫңһˡ
庮Ȼһ˫ֶЩ롣
û
ǸŮ˽ˣҲ룬ûУҺܿġѹҲܿġңûоܾҡ
һ±ܵϣ˺ҧÿһ¶ϧ͵һ˵ôĻ㽫Ҿܾĸɴ࣬һԼġ
͡
ҡ
庮סظˡ
ҧ°ͣ۽˵˵ʲôҶڹңԣ׼˵ֻңͿ
Բۣ
ǰǸľګ꣬ôôˣ
ʲôп

ԭȥȴָһ룬ϢȻһңȻ̲ס
һЦĽڻӵɳ˵ߣסţҵĺ
ҲһĴ̫庮Ȼ˵ֿҾȻµĳԣȫӡ
һҹעǵĻ䣬һ˵Ĵܡ


222 
һҹѣ庮ʼ·ɨ۴ϰ˯ˣҧгݵĸо
ȫû뵽ȻԼǸˣӶûʣ
޺תҪ
ʵˣ֪庮ѵûǵѡ˳Ĭ۵ȴŵЦ⡣
ܶˡ
һţ򿪵˲䣬ӭһɱϢ
̧ۣ庮üʲô
Ϧ˵ʲô
ϦܲЩ
庮ԭлֻûзйͻȻĿʣƢҲˡ
ϦݣֻԱ㻹ûʸڷɴ߶
ǡҡ
ϦͻȻĲӣһĨۣƫ׵Ƥϣ쳣ԡͻȻͿɤϦԼ֪ʲô
庮䲻֪ϵĺۼ¶˳ȴǱܵ·ֹߣڣȥ
ת庮ȥգΪѾһҹĹȥ
Ϧôߣ
ǿסϦʲô
һŭֱڴص庮ӵ
ϦǻΪŭϵĴԲϵĽţܣҲң
ϦʲôûйϵңҪͲҪңΪ޵ľͿ𣡱ˣҲʵߣ
㣬ʲôϦڣڵĹעȫĨۣ
ʲô
ԭ庮񣬵Լˣǿܶ࣬ȴƫƫи˲⣬Ҫ
ͬˡ
ϦɵҲɤر
رǿǳһĺۼʱϦͫ׸ǷŴĺۼ˵жôļҡ
ŭȻתϦô˿Ǳ
߻̿һҹ淭Ƹ꣬⣡
ߺ庮һۣͣʱʲô
򴽣ԹԵĻش𣬡۸˳ȨǰĽʵǶԵģԴ庮֣ǿϹ

庮ֻһҹ˵Ϳʼûûˣ
˦˷ͣԭȻǷûп档
庮ȥȻǹ
ߺ⼸߹ˣһ߿ߵķ״һߴ⼸յϢ
һʵұ֣ȴƫƫûжΪȨͷ֪ڸʲô
庮ԲͬߺⲻԾ࿴˺ۣܶ׼ȷ˵ȫĶš
ߵĴ۾һУü⣬һ۵ɪ˵Ҿ˵мɣ㿴з͵Ϣңȫ
ԭҺ庮ֱӾ˳ȥŭߣ
ʼ˵㻹Ǳѹһ߿ݵģٷ֮ء
û֪˵ͱסˣûĵһۣȴɱ
ĹҰ㴦һ֣ڻкܶ࣬Ҫˡ⵭ڣƲ˻⡣
庮ɫȻܳǺôǾȴ
Ʋ죬۲Źߵľ
վһ֮󣬾ɶӣֻǲһô񣬶ǹ˺ֻܶ࣬۵Щɫȴȫûм١
վŵĸѵģû˾Ҫ˯ȥ侫ˣôķҲƣ
˫۵һ㱡ƺþû˯ôˡ
ץסҵ֣ɳƿڣСš
ţڡ
ʱվžͷˣ۵ȾЩɫ˫һſĻ簲ޡ
簲
ָ۵ɫ۵ЩٿΧƺ컹Ҫ߳١
𣿡ڣЩ״̬
վҡҡͷɤ˵ôᣬҺܺãرĺá
޽סΧɨɨĹֹͨˣ˽ʱӦǱˣȻĻҲͻȻϿϵ

ϵķмɣߺⶼûʲôס
㶵ʱվͻȻܳȥˮ
޿ŵʱԳٶƬ̣ټ
վǰ˵ݣ¶нڴпʼʹụ̀ǵʵʱ򣬻ǰסˡ
ϴվһڴŹˢȻһˣ˿ڱ׾оôˢĸɾ
վЦۣҲûдߴ죬ŵͷðϸֻÿļˡ

ֻ
ԭȫעˢţ۵׽ɢȥķʱһ£ƺʲôû


223 
û뵽վŵĻָô죬˵ֻǿûջؾҼ뽫ȫס
ڴϣ
㱻ɹĹЩЦãǾ÷еվŸӦԡ
վѹϣ׼õƤȻûгɹ
ϵվ죬ޣ㶼ҰһˣҲڶΰ
գգ۾վſʼȣ˵ôȵķϣҶһɡ
ĵһȴû͵ûֻǱǯס˫֣Ϲ
վŰӣţûٶ
޾Щ֣Ҳڵ̫˴оЩ̫ʵ
Ȼ
һиʱվž֪ûãҲûܣǺ˺
վ˲䣬Ͱһ˿ϣֽ˦˳ȥһأͰһǽϡ
޾վűˣȻѧüıˡ
ͻȻеĪĳɾ͸С
޼ЦСţٰңҾûˡ
ȥվͻȻס˿ֿ˿еĶ
һԾվž˴ϣȻССһࡣ
޵ĸ첲ֻһ룬վžЩȲСĵĸ첲ԼϣԼŵһ˿˿϶ûС
ޣҺϲ㣬վ̧ղֻңֻҡ
š
޵ͷͳɤŨ㣬ļⶼ˿˿ġ
վſĳ˯ȥ
˯ȥʱ򣬹üͷΧľɨĵ׵ĵԽԽ
վʹþѾܳصļޣڿʼƺʼҪ˯άˡ
ͽϵͬȴŵģܵƣ˵Щʲôˡ
Ż£ײⷿرվžȻûͰ
΢ŵ̾˿ȷڳ˯֮󣬺ԪؿʼУСĵĿǿܿ콫ڲĨ
ʱ򣬹һ
߸׼г˯վȻѣ˫ɺ죬ɭɲĿ
ӵ˫Ȼѽŭۣ㾹Ȼӣ
վŷŭ˻ŷľɼŭŭ
򴽽ͣСţû
վҪͣͽڴϣӿռɳžǽŰΧ
Ҷôãôӣ
վŷһĿߣ۵׵ǶʧԪرţһȥÿһŽȼı塣
޶֮󣬾ͼվŵ۵׳ױͨ죬Լɱ¾Ĳɫ
ɰСΪŭᣬվŲܲˣֻ±ùɡ
Ⱦײйâ˫ͬƯıʯһ˵ĻȴŨŨɱ͹ᣬޣٲҾ˯ţ㻹ҵġ
վž𵴵˲ͳ˷ߣСĵĺ͹޽Ž
ȻվѾڽΪ߷Ѱó˯ҩ
嶯˲䣬߾ͽõĶȫءƺΪѰվŵϢԽı塣
ǿľɴ𵴣
庮ͷ͵˸ŷɴǽѺ۵ʱ˶һȵĲš
ҪǿܽԴ涴ķɴ飡
ҲԽԽվŵĸѾ˶ˣĻܲס˯ģ
ޣ㵹취żĶѾˣ
򴽣Ųܲ˱ѾħеվţҲͷߵĽһˣͳȥ
վŵķӦܿ죬ʱ򣬷־ͽ˦˳ȥڿһǽһٴι
ķվԽԽŭԽ͡
ɴٲʱȫ̲סʹ̫ŵùޣԵģУȥǿֹ
վŵ⣬ֹġ
ʵûʵʵĹǽϡ
վ߿ٷתʱŽȦߣߵ̵ȡ˾ֱӿϡ
ʧ˲䣬վֱ˹ȥʡ¡
޽۵ۺΣڲҪʱ򣬿¶Ǻ۵壬۽Ƿ죬ŭ˭ҽ˭
׼ߣæջצӣﲻס񾭲Ǿûٽȥ


224 
޻վţܲ͸ֻϧԼ
˽ʱ˵߶ϡ
ֻɿĴһ˯㣬Ϊ֮ǰĴˣ¶ž׳Сȡ
ȻЩص㣬صǣĺۼǳǳһϺõˮī˵ߡ
޵ЩӲرڷӦʱ۽ǵɫ˲ţҡ
˵˯Ϣ
˵֮󣬹£ܵóһףǳ̹ȻĴϣȻ뿪
վű£ڴϣϴѹƻ˫Ŀգǳޣá
ߣҲġ
û뵽޻ķʽǿֹǵϵʱҲֻ뵽
ʢŭеվţеǸ棬ŨĺڰԼɵ
ǲԵġ
ڼȵĿ־壬ȻķʽԼõ㡣
ǹ޴ûҪ뿪
ͬʱ߿ĸܵĵֻذı
վžôĲţȥӰһƺȫǲ
ټϤԹȥĻԶ˼֡
ûаȫУˡ
Ȼڻȴһֱֻżʱ˵䣬ʣµʱﶼڳĬ
֪ʲô庮ζظֻùȥļ򣬡ޣ
ͫ˸£һŻع飬²˵һСʱʼжȽ˾ͳ֮󿴿ټ
庮ͷΪޣҲûóȻ£̫վţҲԸ뿪ֻͽģʱҲûȥ
µǺˣ޿ڣͺýˡ
վŵȷ֮߻ŹֹһȻʵʵȥˡ
ΪǼҪһģҪȺں֪ţ
ʵǱֱԼΰ󣬵ȻԭҲ˵һ֪ˣ䵶һˡ
жʱ򣬹ȷ˰ȫ»ȥˡ
׻ǷŲվš
Ų̤ڷɴĽذϣһһ£޵һξãЩԶ
ղžͲ뿪ŶԣСôûаȫУһ˯ζ
ŲԾļӿ˼֣ſڵʱ˫ȵ֧ŵ㵽ʹϮԵڵء
ǿԼȥѾ졣
ڴߵʱ򣬼վ϶ƽһԱߣԼĻ
ȵ¶ȣ޲žԼ˹
֪ȱʲôͺһŬıţƺû취ǡ
ֻߣֻΪĻ
˵Լĩʱĵ
֪ǸʱӵģһƬߣţĴأûȴҲ¼š
վһôãĵ׵Ŀ־ͺȻܵڸǣԽϣõԽǺʧȥ
Ҳ첻ΪԼҵһйɣôĲ

˫޵Ĵ۽ǣ۵״ϧ
ԶҪ࣬۵ףȴɾһ
ɵѾͷ
ţǹЦ
ô뿪أô뿪أûֻʣô뿪
ڹ˵ֻҪ㹻¶ȣϢ꣬һеһԶҪ
ŷɴķ۵Щݡ
ڳɳĸ֪ҲԽԽ񣬵뷨̫ͻʱͻ֪ǵ顭
ղţĵףȻôǿҵҪվŶ
⿴۵׵ɫΣԴοţģС˲µġ
ҡҡͷ˵ǵģֻǾǿԹһЩ
ЦǺ𡣡
ס̫סѾٷ֮ʮĽӽˣһϼ࣬˵
ҪĴھǸ飬ǿģ⣬ֻԴû࣬һ
ָԼλãֻһʯȴࡣ
ǿټ䣬Ҳ䣬޷Уǲһġ˵ĵҲǳֻǻеһĽͣ޵Ĺȥ޵ĳɳ޷һҲǣĹȥĴ˲Ĵڡ
ǡ
ʱһУĲͿ־壬޶Ĩ
򴽣ס֣ŵԴԵЩǡĺ಻һ𣿿ǣҡҲûô࣬Ҫడ
΢΢ţߵɨ⣬öȴŵ˫ۡ


225 
֣ЦЦ뿴ʹ󷽷ĿҲֹġ
ߴСŭң֪ڿʲô
˦֣߿ʼ庮ȷλá
ԱʺܺãȴǿԽܳڵĥңѾбˡ
ԱǵʱۿǺģǸһܺã඼Ǹء
ȷ֮󣬺庮˵£ֱʧˡ
վԭأʧĵط۵ЩãȻ̧Լ֣һʱ֪Ǿ仰˼
ڿʲôѵ
庮һֱڷЩǣӦòɣ
⣿
ţ
ôһУԺһʧֻʣɻеŵݡ
庮ó豸һ£üͷ˵еķƺӰһЩݣϵͳˡ
ͷʱ䴦Ķ̫࣬ˡ
̬ܣͬʱҲǻеսܣ֮ͬ£ܵĶȶϺܶ࣬Ϊ˱֤ԼĴ⣬һᶨϵͳ
ѵʱһΣǴΪûȫָĲǺȫ棬һλȥ֮ҪúϢһ¡
š
ⴹ߷Զ֪Լʲô
εٶȺܿ죬ҴѾɥʧ˷Ժܿͽ˴˳
ʱǰһ£𣿡
죬Ϊ㰡ûҪϻ͡
ӣˣǵҲˣţС
Ȼϰˣ߻ЩƮƮȻرϲָо˶ΧһҪҲڶൢֱӻ˷ɴ档
ʮӪó˵ЩֻͨģԲõģҸǵҩֻҪʱãͿˡ
庮Ŀ϶Ҳͷˡ
ʱ䣬֪
庮˽˴ȥȻһóвֻе۹ĹҲģҡлģңҪԱ
üˣ¸ûôˡ
ʱҲȡȳҲͲˣֵǮġ

˵Ĺ£ɲֵǮ˹ȵ۹ܺͻһֹ
ȻֵǮһ̼žô죿
庮ǵǵķɴ㱨ˣּ߳ʱǾͲ˷ˣʱȥѡ
ᡣ
ڣ˿ΧЩƣĶԱȥϢ
ǡ
ʱԽãԽƣǶʱǺҲ벻
뿪󣬹һ࣬ķеĵģҳȿ֮˵⼸Ҳһ£ˣ⡣
ƺˣֻǱĻһ
庮򴽣Щһ˶ǹ֧л塭
ЦҺθɡ
庮˳ǣҪȰţǹˣ뵱ˣȥҪҸɣ
ʱ庮ǰǰϰ룬֪ʵ뷨
۵״ŵЦ⣬ƺڵȴʲôֻǷǳޡ
£庮ͫǮ˾СţҪ֪ǮǷǳǳҪģһ鲻ãͼ档
۽ǣ庮룬Ͱ˿㶼ˣԼҵı񲻵öͼ£ơ
޲࿴ۣװɻͰ˿

⻰庮סˣЩѵ͵𣿻˵ӳˣˣ
˫ϸ룬˵ΪȥģЩ𣿡

ûգֱӰջˣһɯҵʲˣǻ˳˼ҼҸ
ʵҲ
޹û뵽ô󷽣㾹Ȼ͡
庮ڷˣɶ
Ȼǣ˦
֮Щ£ǰǾú棬ԺҲǲϵģ֮Щ庮ɵģ
ЯаĹĺͫǹЦŵţ˫ȽţĹӡ
ȻҲ
ôţ庮ˣ
ߣôе㲻⡣
޳գɤ˵Ͱչ˵ĲϣҾͲƽˣٸᡭ

вɣвɣ
庮һŭǲҳϣ;ǣ
֪ǮȻ̫ˣ
š
޳ϵĸɴࡣ
庮üǣ˵ղͲ뵱ˣһжĲ룬񾭲Լƽȥ
ºˣ˳⣬ֱӾͱˡ
Щʲôϵ


226 
һ庮Ըǰô࣬Ҳһ
ֻǼô⣬Щ꣬Ͳһң
üаһЦͲ
庮ԼͲö˵ôһ䣡
ҹˡͻȻһӰƵɤŵЦ⡣
庮ͻȻ˶ˣرڿ͵ʱȻֱӱͨ죬Ҹо˵Щ
㡢㡢ʲôʱģ
ղš
͵ǿ˹˼е弼ʿõһȻ庮ǲԷֵģȻȺܶ˶ǿ
˭ģں˵¡
ֻǾбҪ˵һѡ
ϣʧ庮˶Щܸоˡ
ԾԼ·Ǿò̫ȫɴֻ־ק죬˶ٴһ㣬Ȼ
޾úЦſɳԵָ⣬˫һУ󡣡
ͣ
˵꣬庮˶ԭĸоûг;⸽
˿ޣ߳õ庮Ĵϣһ˵ֻˡ

⻰ȵô붼⻰⣡ңǴ⣡
庮˺ЩȫСվ󣬷;ǰСɽһ壬ԶӰӣȫ֡
ģԶһ㣡ŭ꣬庮һ۹ޣҸ㣡ЩˣҲþȣҲҪȣ
һ庮뿪
ס庮ֱӾʹ˾ѣȻȾܡ
̾һһǰֱӽ˼ϣŹһףתˡ
庮ɵֱۣըëԲķͣٲſʣʾͰⱲӵ㻨Ǯȫ۹ˣһӶ㶼ûҪ
ţ㵱㻨Ǯ

⻰Ϊʲôڶôĳ磡
庮øˣעֻҵˣԲǱѹһ
Ϊ˵ϣϣ
庮һעĿﱻˡ
޹۵Ⱦůɫת˲ʧˡ
Ϧվǰ۵״ſߣȻŬͣЩͲס
ΪʲôΪʲôȻָǷ͡
̧ۣĬԡ
Ϧǰһǵڱ˫ȭգǳķŭ˵ΪʲôǰʼֹңΪʲôֹ֪ʲô𣡡
һߣˡ
ˡ
֣ԭ
Ϧ£ԳˣҵĸѾˣڣҺ
ô֪
ҡ£ϦȻʲô˼
޴ЦϦҶꣿ
Ϧ彩Ӳ£ò˵ꡣ
޵ͷ꣬Ϧѯ˶ٹҵϢԼ˵˶٣ҲûаҪ˵ȥҵг̣û
ҡ
ûУҵĲ£ȴ㶥λõԭ򣿡

⣬ǣÿһвͨ
ЦΪ󣬡пİѱ
ҵİѱϦૣͻȻס㶵˵ҵĸһǰ͡
㻹λϣûдڼֵˣڣΪʲô
Ϊʲô
Ϧֻǲϵظȴ벻ԭ򣬺þżѵ˵ȷҲᱳ룬һǴ桭
ΪôӦ滻ˣһǵˣܿصˡ
ûн£Ǿǿ϶Ϊá
ֻһԭ
ĸףɻš
Ȼ̧ۣϦɴ˫ۣڵóĽ۾ȻЩԼĺ¡
޿ϵı۵׵Ũīڸ˼һжС
ãϦŲ˵ҵĸףţ
ҡͷֻǲ²⣬ж֪ˣ뿪㡣
ϦȻ
ǾȻڼͼҪ


ʧЦ£ϦЩܣƺԶݵӣЩվǰʧ룬ǰС
һϦɬһЦҵĸ׻ţһҲѾǽӽˡҡ
Ҳֻǽӽ޿˫Ŀ㣬˹ʵûʲôԲ£಻㡣ңңĸҲôãáΥĸ׵Ը𣿡
Ϧ򴽣˵Ǿͼǿ϶ˡ

ᡣ
ĸİŸף㱻ѣƭİţʱԽǸΪģֻһС£ĸж
֪ҪԹҪޣȴɰš
ĸһģԷǸˣȴᷴԼĸס
֪֮Ż伫Ķĸ׺ãǣȴҲס
˫ĿϦٴѯʣţ


227 
ϦŹ޵ͷȻȻת
ЦЩ¾Ǳȥѡġ
򵥵ĴˣҲ˷䡣
տţͱһȵĻסΪ̫ǿֱӵϡ
ǰɲվš
ô뿪ң
ˣ
βڻȻϴ׺ȴûɱ⣬Ƿӿɲһ
ӣҪʱڣСûȫˡ
վżԼģôԲң
ϣԼϣ˫ԼСҲ뿪㡣
ûм㡣ɤﾡˣſŹ޵ۿʼ˫ץ죬һί
Ҳˡ
ᡭţվޱȿ϶˵뿪ҡһ
վŵĴƺû취ֹֻһģҲֻԼ֪Լ״ԣǣֻǾãҲҪѹһ¡
᲻ܿƵۿվſޡ
̧°ͣһǣĲȫסշת˻ĥὫȫռ
վžס̫ļ飬ܿ˯˹ȥ
ֱ࣬߹
ٴβ鿴£ò˵ҪߵĻӰļأĲһһεš
޳Ĭ
һ֮֮ܽͻι̡ЩĹȥһֱţ㿴ıϾһС֣Ҫ֪˭ھĥѺ󣬶Ŀȫǡ
ָ֪յʱ򣬹޵۵ȾŨī
֪ûаǡǰһϣЩȥֻʴҪǣƴǣ
֪ôȥ
֪ô㡭
޲β΢𺣬Ҫôֲ
ԴǣΪǹҪȥ磬Ҫɨĵֻбãſԡ
ô֪Ҫģŭȣŵ˫ﰵӿţβȾŭ𣬡ô֪Ҫʲô
ҡ
ҪңֻҪҡ
վţ޿գֻͫӳգĶͷֱǣֻҶҪ˼άȥ
㣡
ŭ۵׵ͫȻɪͫױ˻еӣӲϵĿٻһ»ع顣
֣޵üͷ߸
ɫ̫ãղžȻҲܵӰ죬תƣߣٷԶɨ衣
ӰڼأղҲӰˡͻתûڷ
ߵģģ汻ӰһЩǲ࣬ղΪŭļʢԵԲƬ̵ʧء
ֻһЩҲˡ
߿ٸָһλãӦþҪоҡӿеݷڵӰͷŸԴ
ҲᱻӰ죿ЦЦ鲻á
죬ҿϵͳΪҺôһ𡭡ţŭˣ
ţȷʵ
˵꣬庮ĸ˶ˣֻͼʾģȴһƬ
˽һӰ庮޲ߣͨӣ޹һЦţĲ

֮Ļֱӱ㡣
庮ƿϵķͣŭģΪϴ󣬾Ϳôûò
Ĵǰк˵ĺòȻ
庮ǳ˳飬ѹŻ˵˵ص㡣
ü۴⣬ϾˣȻҲ˷ʱ䣬ҵһλãȥһ롣
á
Ӧ֮󣬹Ҳأţ庮ΪҪ˵Ҳûؾ˺ܾá
һԵķͽЩֲͣûбϣֻϡ
ΪȫĽǶ͵˫庮壬庮գһۡ
۾ɻʣôˣ
庮ƤЦⲻЦ˵˼һҲˣ֪ϻûûµĻǾȥҪˣƹˤûҪһ񾭲ƽϣﻹֹס˻ȥ
ţѧϰһЩ
ޣʽ졭
庮ŭûֱ꣬ж磬ŵĿڴϣָһÿһµĸվŵ
߾ôվţһ˫۾ŨŨıӣߣ㻹Ҫѧϰ˵ĴβǣҪҪ㡣
ûСŻôϲң
ûòǣ֫˫ŭ񾭲а취ˣǱСǿҲᣬŮ˻ϼֵʢգҪ䣬첻
۽һ޺ԴǼŭͳаţҲôá
Բۣ
˹ȻԽԽûûƤˣ


228 
վ벻ޣȻûܵӰ죬ȴѵǸСŮһߵﶼҪŹޣֻҪһ룬ͻӭͰ͵עӡ
СһҪù㼫ˡ
ȴʼץˣ
Ϊ̫ã˵ֶҲǣ
ⲻһ˳ʢ磬ȫŸɰͰ͵Ӫ
վ⼸۵׶Ⱦµ϶ľګӣҲһֱЩ㱣ϲŹ⣬٣ǰõˡ
ҲãܱǰǷܽܡ
庮޿̣˦еӪ̧־ȥһԵĵġ
ǻûͱվſ˹ȥ͸ˡ

庮ˣѾĻǼųԣܲˣ
Ц£ܵļιʳڱ˲Ŷ˵ʳӪɷֺģӪʺǣΪǺá
Բۣ
ǾȻܾˣ
庮̫ѨͻͻԽԽˣվ״ԣԵĹˣҲôɪ
ÿ챧ʧվǰΰΣᣡ
ԭᣡ
ΪǰվŶٻᷢɾܾ£ںˣ޼ֱһУ׾ף뱧ͱһû뿪һӣֱ޿̡
ͻȻãվԭӸãٻܼ޲ߵӣ͵͵ֺֺͣڵãˡ
̫Ѩ庮Щص㣬صǣҪԾͳԣõüʮ𣡡
˶ʱʳζ

ĬĬеӪſʳӦٶԼ֧ȻθôôĶء
庮Ͳˣ˵ȥ߳ԣߵ˸࣡
ǰʱľɢ󣬸Ͷ˺ܶЩˣȻȷǵλãȴʼû뿪ߵ˻۵ԽԽࡣ
͵ѪܳԵȥ̧˵޹
㲻ǣǻðѪ𣡡ʲô
Ǿͻ̲ס֣ң̫ˡ
ҲժԺʱǳ
Щǣڳȥԡ

޾˲  һӲ˴˶͵ߣִеˣȻ⡣
վڷɴʾǰߵ֣Цúòᣬ˳Ÿ˶Ŷ˵Ǻúñ֣һһǼӲ͵ġʲôкܶ˺ǰʱϲԵĨ走⣬ʵڲУҰ׼һЩӪģϲĴֲȡ

˾Ѿˣرһһ͵һãоһϵУĶ
ָɰͰ͵ѳˣ
ζˣ
Ĩ走ֹŹˣ
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ǵѹԽԽ̲ͣסЦȴŵɫļҾӷ۵ŶӵĹ
Ŷҿء
Ļ˾һǵõ˹˼˵洫죬
ǿ̵·ĵЩЦһ쵽Ĵ̣رۡ
ӲͷƤȥʱǵ״ԽԽҲܿصҲࡣǹأԽ֪Խǰϡ
ˣʮ춼ûжСӵ˶õ߰˰ˡ
ӣǰ⵱ˡ
Ҳ֪ǱŪôᰡЩôóԣôһ㣬ǶԲȥˣ
̤һڻȴûпκˣЩ֣ʱ㣬ӦǳԷ۵İɣ
ˣΪЩҩųװЩԼӰ죬һǰԭǲֵİҲˡ
첻æЩɻ
վڴǰʱ̲סǰһȺ˵ʱǳ˳顣
̤㶵ǰҲ̲סЦ˳Ȼأһζ˷ѡ
ǰĹ޾ϲӳȥҼǵĻͲ᲻˦ȥһҲȷǰȫ²Ż
£ĵӦѾˣҲա
⼸ûôͣעΧַҲڣʵأ
̤üŷɴ⣬š
˳̤߿ȥͿ庮Զˣ֪ͺ庮£Զһ䣬һˣ
ţաڡڡһˡ
ּأЦͣ
Ĭ£̤֪ʲôȻ˭˭˭˭µ⣬²˵ţ˵ܼҡ
һ˦˸ۣ۾ͽļ§סֱ˵ǼңǾ񣡷Ųȣ庮첻屻Ϳյ



229 
ͻȻͰˣʵһĻֱ̫ףôӻʡ
ιվųԹӣǲԲ̧˵ȻҲԣ
ȻҲԣ
˸ܾ⻰ָ
ֱ̤ӿ˺һ⻰ôо쬵ģ͸һ磬ļоȫ亮
ֻһӦ˺üģﻹһ𣿡ô֪ϢǷǳͨġ
һһ߾̤ʱתתȥǧǱѹһ

죬ÿĴ˲ǰû˵
һ۾ס̤һ˵̣Ҹ㣬ϱߵһǸǳۣҸ㣬۸ҾͰ˺ˣûС
ǸҲ̤֣Ҫֻͣϡ
㻹ҾܾҼҰҵı㾹ȻҸ㣬ùԹҼҰϣȻĻСүҷַӰˣ
ɫѬ죬ȴͻȻЦ˳С𣬲
һɬΪ̤ͣȻ̤ڴ£һֱӹؽᶨƵҪ̤ѹˣ
һͺһ·ȻʵȽϸɴࡣ
ؽݵʱ˶ЩɣЩ죬ر뵽ϷʵɫǾ͸ӵΡ
̾˿⼸űȽġ
̤ҡҡͷû£֪еĵۡȻҪִݣ⻹ǼƵ¡
Сӣȼ֡˵㣬ΪʲôرĹϵ㣬û˰ɣһЦβȾͣɤΪĸɴ͸Źػ
䣬˵Ỻֻ̤廹Щֱ
ɳԵ̤ЦЦʲôأƭңңҺǼһԵ
򴽣ʵҲûеô⣬㻹кܾõʱȥǡ
ʵ˺ܶ࣬ģйŲ£Ǻ֣ҾȻֻ˼Ժ󡣡ɬȻĹ˹̤ʧЦûôҲûеô
Ŵɫ̤۵׵ֻΪΰɡ
ļ򴽰οģףҲһҲ˵
̤ʧЦҪʱҵʱ붼ûʹӦˣһ̾ãǲǱĽ㰮
ǡ
ţ
š
̧̤۵״Ȼû˿ʹ࣬ĵǽѣһ֮˵һ̣Ҿ÷ɣҺѹʹ࣬Ҳ˺ѣҲûгܾãҸֻܻһҶݵʧء

졣
̤ʧЦҸܻʵǸʱҾ֪ʹģҲֵôƽһֱԼƭԼʵǴһֱҵΣҲòеΡ
ĻЩ¼ţΣǰʹңΪʲôҪ飬ŵ˻˵ǴӳͶµġ㿴ʵһʼעˡ
㡭
Ҳǿԡ
ʲô
Ļû˵̤꣬ͻȻʹˣĴЩתס
̤Ȼǰ۾ֱ˵Ǵһʮ꣬ǳһסһ𣬾мֿ  ǵһ£޷жϵҪһͬδһػ޵ߣû˱Ǹʱ˴ˡ
㡭
˲䣬̤Ȼǰס°ͣ¡
̤軺˫ۣʹҲϣûз
ĿֻʣǵϢͲࡣ
ͨͨ
ϼӿһ¡
ã̤뿪ЩңҲЩ˸ǸҪҪԣҾͦõġ
ҾҲͦõġ
̤ȻҲֻǺãڶйоָоҲûԽֻǲĽӴ
һǾ֣޷뿪ָо̵ϰķʽ
ǡ
ҲôһûʲôϾǱ˴һ֮ģһӶᱻ
˶ǵˣҶԶԷҲûеƣôٶһȻҲްǵһ嶯ҲǻģڻһҲûʲô
һϰߵĬϾ̫ˣõ˽ԷԼࡣ
̤վڳߣ˵Ұѣѣ
ͷ˻ܿͳ
࿴ŶԷ壬Ҳһٶòһ嶼Щ̶ͬȵķ졣

ǡ
˵
˵
ͬȻЩ֪ô


230 
˽һᣬ̤̲סǰһ΢ɴЦ⣬ݣûϵʲôԡ
̤Щ˼򴽣߷ĴϣҸղ㣬ʲôо
˵̤꣬ԼԼһƣ⻰˵ģҪཀྵӲжཀྵӲ
ǵĻ˼֣˼һ˵ͦϲġ
һ˵̤һ̽ŵĽڻӲͷƤ˵Ǹڻ㣬𣿡
һЦ裬ʲôʱܾ㣬š
̤˵ţǱôһ˵ߵ˫ۣûϢĸˣҪˡ
ʵʵֻһš
ڻ̤˫ֶ֪ȥģɰͰ͵ı˺һᣬңܵǸ𡭡ȿȡ˵˵ţ̤ġ
ţԡ
ͷݡ
̤Сķڴϣϣֱ¡һβǳϸ̽ŵĻȡ
˫ֽӲ֪룬ֱǷԼϣЦ˵Ҫ㡭
ҡһġ㶵˵ţ̤ĺԽԽ٣˫΢Ħһǳġ
š
Ⱦ鶯̤Ķˡ
˫Ŀ䣬̽ƣûвʲż֮
ͻĲЩòķ;߱ıܣ̽У̤ԽԽá
š衭һ㡭һЩʣڣȴû³嶯Ϊɤӵ
Ȼ££ⷬೢԵĻ
̤ʳ֪ζЩԣʱ䶼ûš
վһɫĪüͷʵǷĲ£ֱӳ嵽˹⡣
׼ᣬԱšλ⣬ڡ
һ˵ôҼСǱѹһɣһҼСˣô죡

Ĭ
ԭǲ²ûûĹޣֱӳɾԡ
üЦ˵ġ

⻰˵ģôôЩرζǴЦۣôǲ⡣˵ȥֵǰɣ
ѽ
ôһ룬ǻǸϽҵӰɣ̫Σˣ
תһ룬òһӶûС
˶еԽܣĬĻ࿴˿ȻƲߡ
һĵ׶롣
ԲۣںӲҪ
һŹޣȻĪ
ӣһץԴȫϵһͨ˵ҼСôǱѹһأɱ̤ˡֱ̤һݰǰ˵ľ̤ˡ£ôоҼСôһֻأ

Ȼĵǣ̤ԲǴԱĲǴ
ڴһЦƮƮ˵ֱӽȥˣ
һȻǵߣ͵仰ˣҸ㣬ǲ⳥ģ

Ŀİɣ
ȻŹ޵ˣһ񾭲
ջߣŻվţ޹þϣ뿪ķΧ⣬Ҳ᲻ʱǾͺӤһˡ
ˣ߼˵
ƲƲ죬׼ˡ˵ʵȥȽϿ죬һʲô£Ҫ˷
⼸쿴ȥ;ñˣȻ֪˵ĸܣĺʹ
⼸ڵ۶ǼŬÿ춼ܰʱֱȻĻðһɴ˶ɵܷй
޿ۣȻ߷ڿļԱϣոջָҪǿԼ
ǡ
ֻȥˣ˵ţ޽ų˵Ĺ£ǳֵǮԱˡ

ֻңеֵ
޿˿ߵĳ⣬˵Ŀĵ㣬ô

⻰ôò
ȻǺǻǺܿ׼ˡ߸Էͻȷȫ⸺ػɴࡣ
ֹȻ
ߺߵǰʣС˵û۸ɣ
޴һۣ۵Щգ۸
̲סЦ£ֻҪһͺܺãˣƾͲˡ
ҵϣԶ۵׵İͫ׶ռݣԼŵơ
򴽣ޣеӣĵ׵ͳ죬ǰĺܺãԺҲᡣ
֪
뿪ʱҰ㣬еĺӵݸ޺˵˵֪ôرǿһϣһ޶ѡ
ʵеĶԽĲ׹үӣĶܶ඼Щ֣رǵӴߺ󣬿ʼЩôڵ
޴򿪣һԶ΢


231 
⿴һ˵ˣ˵ĶСߵϵͳ趨񡭡
޴ֻǶԶ
ڣҲ֪ô˵
趨߳٣
ĿǰҪ߳ȼ˵ʵҲѾܱˣֻͻȻ뵽ԼסĳʱЩ̫ȷ˵֮Ͷҵĳ˷ΧʹõޣҺһ̶Ҳơ
ֵĸоź߽ӴԽԽ̡
֮Ĺ̫ͨˣڽϢʱͿԣǲתݣֻҪֱӴ;Ϳˡ
š
Сô𣿡ߣ̲סˡ
ҲӰˡ
ס˵ԲᱻӰ죬ĿǰΪֹڵܶûбӰ졭
үӰɡ
ȻֻǱӰһ£һ·ǳԣעΪСŵԭҲ˵
ǡ
£ֻʣ˹޺վš
վ΢΢˯У⼸죬ֻеѵʱŻȥΧľĻ紵ݶѡ
֪Ҫʲôʱ򡭡
ӡһǣţͿվ˫ۣ˲ͷŵѪأڿɫɢȥ
ޡ
š
վֻһûڿڣ㶵Ŀץ·
޴˷䣬һϣֻǵʱ⡣
ûڵʱվűֵĻӴĻһһԸ뿪ȻɣȴҲᡣ
޵ĴһûһµĲ󱳣վţĿ
վһһĬ죬ƺԸ˵ˣֻһ˫۵ס
ȻϲĹɣʱˣЩ̫Ӧֻ˵ѹ֣ϲǸ鶯վš
СšѹòãҺܡ¡һˡ
޵ɤЩ¼š
ֱҲߵĸоĲʱ䲻ۻţ޲ߣ̲סҪɱ¾ݿն
ޡ
̾վŵĻӦƺֻء
ڡ
ޡ
ڡ
վֻһĽţܸģҲֻһ䡣
ǵţһԼһ
¡¡DD
ԶɽͻȻƣʯʣŻɢɴͣפؿѣŷɴӰˡ
ʱ庮ϢޣߵһʵҷģըڵĽҼ½ǻԤ΢һЩ
š
޵ͷ˿ԼվţȻؿڿռ۵װãǿ˯ߡ
֮ȷİȫ뿪
Ȼϰǲʹܺ;Ȼǣǻǲǳ¡
ߣСţʣµ
ҪҪ뿪ס˲ʧԭأȻиҪ£Ȼ
߳ڹ࣬ĵһ飬ѾȫƣʵҶڸƣȷҪң
սʿޡ
һۣ۵׾Ҳ޾Ŀ϶ϾˣȻǸεġ
ƲƲ죬ĿǰǻǲģЩڡ
ţлл佱
Ҳûпǣûã˷Ҹ顣
Цᡣ
˵꣬޴ȥڶϱϼԾ֮󣬾ֱֱȥѸʧ
ܲˣôЩ߰һˣžҪӡߡһҡ
Ҳڵġ
ֻǻ̲סΧ˼ˣ鶼һһҲþˡ
Ƕȱ첲ⲻҲ𡭡
ȷްȫִ֮ʧȥվߡɴϣڿɾֻֻޣһ׵ıӣһˡ
ֻޡ
ȷվŵİȫ󣬾ͼˡ
һЦЩӲҲţ̫Ը̤迿
Ȼ̤ʲôˣƤһǱȽϺģ㿪һͿһϰô֮Ҳͷֿˡ
һ״ǳļм䣬첲ϣһĶ̤衣
Ҹˣ׼ٿ

Ϊһˣ̤Ӧһһ𣬱ϾǸ׵ëӡǣǰʱ򲻾⣬ôҪȨ
㣬¸첲
ţ
̤ۣס֣ͼ̷ſ
һ˻ԴĿļͷͲţбҰ
ʧЦЩǸ⣬߱⣬ӵǾͿˡ
ΪʲôҪӣ
ΪʲôҪң
ͬ˵꣬ŭԣ˭Ըſ


232 
ʼ򣬡ûϵҾ͵û
һЦǵֱ̤ʱЦ½Ӳ
̤ǰʱһҲڣڶãһĺƢЩ̲ס
ʵЩģҲȥתתǵĻѾʧɤҲ⣬ȫͲᡣ
죬ֱ̤ǳ鰮ëͷСӣûҲܵƣظƳ£嶼ۡ
Ǹ
̤Щӵ飬ǰĪĿʼԼЩУܾԼ̫ëˡ
ţ
ȥҰɡ
ף뿪һƲ죬
ȷվŵ״ҲȥˣΪԼİȫһҪ
ҵıըڼߵڵݣ÷ɴƶλá
ųƵλãüͷ𣬡ѾȥСʱôû
̤轫ݷ֮ҲߵݷȥҲЩɻһ˵һ߿ڶͼߴӰ죬ӦѾ
˵֮ͻȻסһͼŴ󡭡
š
˶סȻһ뿴ߡ
Ȼ˫Ŀɴŭ𣬾Ͳ»ˡ
ȻұŮˣԲۣžŲżûȻͳˣСȾ׼ߣסˣ޲ˣϸǸŮ˲ޡ
ҹأֻҪ˾Ĵ˵Ҫһ֮ڵŮ˶ģ
Ǹȡ
סǸⰡ
ЦͻģǶ˼䣬ȺЩ̵ĺˣ޶ûио
У˭ܱ֤Ů˲ио͹ǳѧԺﶼЩСԵòҪҪġ
˵ֻҪһϿΣ֮ر׼һ⣬׼վС椡ѧԺﱾûмС椣һȫˡ
ţѾˡ
һһ˵ҲͿ˹ȥÿһ
ǲǵһͻȻźͫв˵ȥȫˣ
վͻȻΪ࿴˱ۣ֪һ֪ŮˣҪˡ
ɾ̲סˡ
庮ֿ˹ȥǰһ͸סߣ˳Ͻ˽ŮϽϽ
޿˿ϵ·һֱӾ͸Ĩˣ»һֻϲվŵζ
һ˶̲ס˳ǣҪĳ嶯
ԴŵŮʿЩְ
ǻҲöģϾͣĹ
˺ܿ뿪ݵٶڼӿ죬ⷴӦ죬ֱӻΣŴ˶һʯ
ȳȥ֮һ
ԭž޷ĵ棬䣬ֱγһ׵ľ޿ӣӿĴףɫűѵţԭͻɵգ
޿˿ɫ˫˼֣ȥϢЩˣôŰɣռա

һֱ˷ӪƺǺܺɡ
ȻǷҲûнġ
ڻȥһһ̽һ۵ȥ
Ȼûоܣģǿȵжǵ廹ЩŲסо۳ɹĸо
ޱضһ˫ͫ˶һ飬ǣ̫ˡ
仰޲Ƕȴż⡣
ԭ̱ˣ˲˸ղŵиһ˱ֱϢءЩС͵Ƕû˵
庮֮̾󣬼˾ûһи֮˺֮ļԱҲ̼ˣԣ޻Щʧ
޳źң۵ǡ
ԭĶУͻȻͱңһֱҲʼҡϢʼңϵıۣ£ҧźȻǿʲô
ͣûоǺͷʲôţ
ڿԱһ㶼ǽ̸庮ЩҪԱȥûпȥӴЩ˵ÿڲ⣬ЩԱȻеôá
ʢĿԱ۵׶񣬵Ǹʱõļ϶ԱԾͲ̣ͬ߶ûиı䡣
ô
мԱ뷴ǲɵ֪Ĺء
Ƕһ½Ա׼ȷ˵һѲеĲֻǸոճΪһԱҲֻĳԱ
ڳǧС֮СĴڣңǻǵңȻĵ׶ЩģҲӼǵĶ־
һᱻϣ
ޣ
ǻһ֤ǿԣ
ӵԵ嶯ٵﶷ־ЩǼϢ¡
庮òޣ񾭲ĻԤڵ¡
治֪Ⱥһǲң޲趾ˣ
һĺ˼ڣȻ˵ǻ֤ǿõսʿ
һ˵ںСӵļ˶һӿҲסһʱͷƤЩ顣
ԭǶߣʵʵѧϰΪ˵ԽߵȵĽѵǿԽǿ
˵ϴǸ׵񾭲һֱǴͼɡ
ͦãǸ庮ɡ

Ǵ˰ɡ
庮ѵݶһ𡭡
Բۣ


233 
һЩĲ庮ȸ˳ô˵أϾҪκ˲űȽֵǮʱֵǮ
ϾƷֻвǡ
ʵǸˣһһѵӵˣϹսһֱڹٳ쳣ǿƣже
ΪλȱѡΪ£ҳΪ˵һѡĻҡ
ǡ
ϲϲ˶ͳһĲԻǴҵġ
ţûҵģǾԲ
˵⼸꣬˵ı£ûٸģأҲ߲ܣÿܡ
ֻǿϧˣ̫һҲģڣ޲ȥˡ
޺Ů˽Ӵ࣬Ψһӡǣ޼ޡ
ϣ°˵Ūˡ
庮ӣ޻Ǽǵ֮ǰ¡
ʱȥμһᣬʱ˵ͨأŮ˼ڳʮ˶˵ˣҪޣ
ÿ˶ˣһСģͿ˹Ĺޡ
ڿ޵ʱ˫۾ֱϹ˶ҪԿֱ֪Ӿͻĸϻûһʱ䣬һʱȾͻһ߿
ûһ߿Ҫڵʲôʱ򣬲Żù޷õԴ
ĵһλҲһλ
ȷų󣬰˺ܳʱѣѵĵһ۾Ϳ庮
ͼ˵˲䣬ǴĺɫͫףʼѸٵűȻ󷢳һĿĹ
庮

Сǹ欵ģԲۣŮ˹ȻǼ˾ͷ裬زɣ
庮ܵĺҲĿ죬ֱӾͰצӸˡ
գգ۾죬һţ֮ߵԲۣ庮үģ˻

Ů˹Ȼôᣡ
;ôסߣȷ˸ۣҶԼ˵ûȤΪﲻ𣿡

ߣ£Ⱥһһֹ˳Ȼ׼ȷŵأҲסֹôˣȻܿƣԲۣ
ŤŤŤ
Ť˰죬Ҳû˶Щ꣬ǾͿűڣ
ãҪʱͲˣô˵ôȻء
̧뿪Ħ財
ȿʱ쳤ϴ󣬾ͲˣޣȻվˣҵѽ㳤ñﻹÿҹȻû㣬ҪСޡ
ס
Χ˸ϽˣӣǸ˶ܲˣֱܰȫڳ񾭰
ȺȻˡ
ԭ񾭲
üβһָ⻮꣬Цöˣ˼Ҽ޳ȥˡ

Ҳ͹˵ôȻˣ˭Ը˵ԼǼ޳ȥǸֱ˵ϰ
ôܣ񾭲ôܼ޳ȥƭнڲٵˣֻϲˣ
ȻſǰȵĴɤ˶ֱǶԲƯŮ
ȵСɣźͫǺڱʯһСɵıӣСɵĺ촽һŴҹеƫƫǲںӼġ
˿һ
໡ޣ̫Ƕˣôܰѹһڵֱܴ裬ﾹȻû޳ȥͰԸ޳ȥˣ

˷Ҳû˭ˡ
һ߰صʱɤţֱ޿̣Ŷ䣬ץԴ˵Ѿɴ϶ĴɤţСүҶ䶼ˣ
Բۣ˵ʲôƨϵͷϵ㣡
꣬Сүǰ˵̣ҡ
㣡
Բۣô㣡

һ棬·׹ػ𣬾Ͳûսˣ۾ӵʱ򣬼ֱǺ׵Է
Сӣ͵˹̵ĿռۣǸƶôԲԲԲۣȻˣ̷ǽѵ㲻ɣ
ȼڵϹӿţ׷ҧ
꣬ΪСӣطС꣬ԼȻطԺȲôã
Ȼ
Ϊ͵˱˵ĿռֹۣһûӳȥĶ
ԲۣΪĿռۣСүű׷ɱӪС꣬㻹ˣ
ͻȻûˣȻʼЦԲֱۣǱӦ˭͵̵ͷϣֱǱӦ
ҲǱӦطôã͵ĳһ񲻶İ㣡ѾĻԲۣ𶯣𶯣
һϽ첻µز¾ֹĶһһŤһŤֻŤͷƤ飡


234 
ȼɫһ䣬Ťĸˣ˳ŻһڣȻǸëûСӣȻ³ӣ
㣬Ť
һʵǾͷӣ̫˺
Խ˵ԽŤֱЦЦ𣬡ҡôûдڸУ
һ仰ȺһֱӰˣȸЦŶˣˡ
ɨһۣߣ˾ͳɡ
ԣ뵱ʶԼСűȽϿɰֳһŮˣ̫ˡ
ԲۣﲻǲСĿϴǲʲôûֻıӰҷģɶû㣡

Ŷ
ԭǹ޵ʶԭ򰡣ǰ⣬ǲòⰡϾվռֱûмޡ
˻Ȼ򣬼̽յƣֻⷢŵֻɵȱ
ϴ裿һ䣬˺ð춼ûǣһ˵һϴ˰ѵ𣿡
Щʱ⼸ɶһģȻ׼ûйϵ
˫ۣôܣҵʱһСģ˵ˣ㣡
С
¸ˣ뵱ֻ꣬һСǾǰ˿
Ͱ˿ǸӣŮ˶޲ɱ
룬ĬĬһ䡣
ɵ
ָŵ庮
庮һɱƣоͱ˦ˣȻʱҲϰûߣоһҶ
ǸҾҲֻۻˡ
ôۻǡôԽԽ񡭡ҼǵñһС밡ڡ
ûȰ˵꣬;Ϳ庮ʧǰֻһ硣
ߵſڵ̤һ㶣ðûӦȥ֮ٿһҹ찲ʱǾ֡
ȵ£ڵʲôڣģһӣϧˣ۵״⣬ǸղŵĻˡ

Щ飬Ҳˣôֵ˵ֱǶ˰
һǱż͵ЦʱʱĻҭһ£ȻЦˡ
ûĵһۣڵŤŤ˵ǲκãԲǮ
͹УԻһͨףΪܹ㣬ǮҲνǰǣҪܹ
ȻˣһС䡭
ƹһСº
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ʱϣЦ£Ҫ֪õҩȽϹأֻ֧ķˡ
㵱ɵӰԼλ֪ܲҪ䣬ﲻҪסݣ
Ϊʲô֪ǹݡ
Ϊ뵱꣬ǿ˹һιҩĹޣȻɫ⣬ȻԹ룬Ȼͱ͹һˡ
ֲǹιôģ
ʱû
Բۣ
˼ֱ̫Сˣ
ôˣţ
Ҫɱ㣡Ҫ
ɱޣţ
һỺɤ޵ľֱֱ밲ȵĶʣĴԶȱʹĸо
ҡ
ȷԴ£ǿ񾭶ˡ
վվйŶԵ鷢ϸ˫ȹ£żŽţԴղ˵ʲô
˿վŵʱ򣬰ȵĴ۾˸ţһûӣǸղˣ˵ɱˡ£һתһ𣬹һҪɱһǳСӣ
𣿡վŹһɨɫӣȾŵӣ˲ɫ
ţСŶСҽаȣԽȽ㣬ҡ
Ƚá
ϣҵСĸٽһ
ȴ֣ȫԴۣһպš
ǰСֱ̫ɰˣϴŵ·Ҳÿˣں˿ȹĶƮţϵ޵ţټ޺ֱԴʣŮɱʮ㰡
СŶССãнһ͸ǳԡҪʲô㶼㡫
ȰĦָ⣬ϣһ󣬺ؼңСֱ̫ˡ
Ǹ磬˵˿ɰɰðֱαİãֱ̫ˣ
ΪҶĸ磬һҪλջؼҡ
վԴգŴ۾˵Ƚ㡫ʲôҪǮҺȱǮ
붼ֱԴԿԿԡȫ㣬м
Ƚ㡫Ƚ㡫Ƚ㡫Ƚ㡫Ƚ㡫Ƚ㡫Ƚ㡫Ƚ㡫վЦеֱǸ
ϣСõ𣬽ײ˵ţȵ˫۸ˣֱߵĴڣͲûΪ̫ըˡ
ţǮվ֣Це˵һʮڣҰɡ
Բۣ
Ⱦ˶ˣѾаСֻ


235 
ȴ˿Լһƣֱɫˣֱˣⲻöӣˣ뱲ӶҪ
ҪǺ뱲Ҫ
ȻӰǮϸ縺׬𻨣Բд
ôһ룬˲ͿˣǸ򰡡ޣС򰡣ܺ²
վԴԡ
ԥ˺һᣬȲ֧֧˵ܷڸ
վȻһЦ¶һڿɰС㣬ȻãͲ÷ڸˣҿԲҪŶ
£㲻Ұɣҿɴأ
һǱȽϡˣԣʹӦ£òðȡ㡢㡫
ϡ
ŵŵСɤ˿˿ģǺˡ
æĵͷȼֱ
Ӧվŵ۾гһ䣬ǹɣŵ쵽ǰһŲɫǣȽãǡ
ĬĬһۣĵԲǺöɵӲųԡ
Ȼ
ȵ˫̧ۣⷢ־˹ȥȥˡ
Ƭ̵ѣܾðȵַûˣһĲߡ
ֻµʱֶŻǣٷ֮ʮŵžŶ£ԣ̣󣬾ûУ
ҰҰ죬գգ۾˵ζǺüˣģҲȥôоôȡ
죬۵Щ㱣ȻԺľúȣҪһЩ
ʱվ۾Ž֡ͼߺһ˳ˣǵŴ۾۵ױһ

һĴ۾ȫƣ˵ʱֱӾͺ˳
СүҲϲȣԲֱۣǻӣվţ㲻ܰСүͻﰡСүҺ뱲ӶҪ궿ӣ㲻أСүٰԲۣСүղǻĵģҷģ
ղ˵ϲȡ
վŸղ·ʱˣһʣѿڶˣ˫۰ֱǹⰡһЩʲô¡
һСһ죬˭ϴɾôÿ뵱ʱһ͡ղӨӨҲֲģһʱûӦŻл˵ϲ
˵ˣҪǱ֪ϲˣѹһӣ
Բۣ
ЩʲôֱǴղžȾԼѹһӣΪһֻصӺѹҲѹ
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У¾Բܷ
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ʲôֵӣҲ£վţƺҵйԴͷˣͦõģһá
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վЦеģһֱۣӾͰ˸˽ȥȻСֻͶſڿʼ͵
ԲۣҪˣҪûëĳСӣȥ
ڷ仯ʱ֪ѾıֻˣǣٸԼֻİС͸оǿ
⻰һǱˣһôһ£ô̡
ΪСүԸ⣬ɶɶܳɴһǰؼӺ󱳣ΪСүⰡûŮζߣ
ôһ˵ȵĻƢҲˣȥͰ·˺ˡ
һԼ°Ħţһ߽¶һ飬һķŵӸ٬žǽӵܡ
Ҳ㣬ѾľȻûôˣҲϣҲϣҪҵ۷磡
һһֻôԶڷɣԼأҲЩ㣬ɶҸ㣡СүҶûȤ
ϡСܵܣ£ġ
㣡DDԲүİȣľ޼ޣҲҪһ㣬֪ɶֲģԲۣŪСүˣ
һڣ죬Ȼȵķſ㣡
㵱Сүô۸ղأĻʹץҪСү
ǲû˭᳤֪ӣžһһһڣСӣ㾹Ȼҧңѵ֪ҪҪǣ㵱𣬹ֲܳԣ
ҪѧѧɣһЩգû׹֪ôס
һᣬȿˣԲۣ̽̽㣡
Ƭ̺һǺȣİСүҧѪˣ
ȲҲȫ·磬Ҹˣһһ˭ղŸҧң
ңСүҪѵѵ㣬㣬ʲô˵۷磡
ӣǹ̸ʲôŮ˵۷磡

ŵСֻһֻһɱơ
չıеĻг


236 
ԼŲԤ֪ķչ
һǸзִĺӣκΰȾǸƵĺӰ
ˣ׹ػһȼ
š
ĵôͻȻЩء
Ȼһ޴Ķ
ԲۣİȣСүҪ棡㡭ء
Ŷ
̲סͷǳˣٲûгϢ롣
վգŴ۾֣ѽѽڽһУǺáˡ
˵꣬ͱһʧЦСţɴûʲôС
վԴһЦŽ˵ڲˣ㿴ڶãҰҵһˣһ㶼޲ȥҰһ𻹺ϲϡҹԲԣ
ϲ
ĻĩԿһ˵ĿʵҺİ͹ˡ
С
ıǼ⣬ȾЦ⣬ȷ۵峺ͷʯҲˡ
ղϢʱ뿪£ٻСȻͲˣžߵ졣
ޣҲ桭Ķʣվ˵Щɬ۾ѯʣ峺׵Ŀˡ
ţϾͻȥ
תʹˣ߶˵Ϣǲ׵ĸʣ˵л񲻿١

ǲŸտɵʮ𣬵ʱȶˡ
ʱĹô˵ţŶԣ˵뵱ֻŤ棬һվŵ˫
⻰˵൱ӣȻΪ˵İȴûоʲô⣬ǳɴİǮˡ
֪Ҫ˫ݵĻ
š
ǼһҪںһӡǮ⣬ҸӦúܿģλܼ޳ȥˡ
ˣڹսǴͻȻסŹҺøʣһݴ񣬼Ǯ

ŶУҪҡ

òˡ
񾭲Ҫսҹ
Ȼĺܰǻǲ̫ء뵽̲ס΢̲ס̤裬˵⼸컹Щ̫ˡ
ǡ
оǰˡ
̤ӹ޵ķ߹ϴųȵĳ嶯Ȼ嵽ǰ˵ǲǣϾȥ

뿪ڣ̤߾Ѿһˡ
ߺ⿴ʧˣ̲ס˳顣
ղţˣֻĬĬɨһֱۣӽǸˣȫûǣ
ңôһһԵˣ
߱أСţ̫ˣҼҾžźò׺ˣôˣҶûüˢ
Ҳûü
ǰǺ͹ӰģڣȻֻվš
ֻԶ̾˿ȻĬĬĿŶԷ
תתСצͻȻסֱȥ࣡
֮ҰҰ죬ЩƵ˵ʾǼǳõ£ôûָоأ
ǵʱύ˴˵ϢζƤ֮УԸ֪Է飬ⶼΪŴĸо񾭡šֻ·û񾭡

Ȼ˵ĶԣôоЩССʧء
Щʧ䣬סë΢ǵĻȶˣʯλãȻЩֵĸо
ʹģǰڻȻ°ͣͷһǡ
ߴ̧צӣղǵĵطһ˵ң
סһ˵ҾῪһЩ
죬˵ҲŲῪġ
˵ţֱӾܿˣһתͿԭأЩĵ˵ʲô㶣ϽкܶҪæ
š
ڣܾãʲôط̫һ⼸죬ûǰһԼָоЩ̫ϰߡ
£߳װˣǷȴһϢ
ϵ·ЩĹϣ¶ŴƬļµһ۵룬˫ֿ뿪Լ
˶һʱЩ԰Ρ
ָоǶǵһᣬЩʳ֪ζԸ뿪
ȻǸӣǸܹýŮˣһå˱ȣȻǱȲϣϣǶģϾҲš
ǻڵʱܷǵʧʱֱӾͱһѹΪΪ
Ȼ
ʱ
ڶ峿ʱ򣬰Ȼ£˶ˣֱӾͰѻ˯һѹˡ
˾ֱˣرǰȣֱǵȼʮըҩԲүģ㾹Ȼѹ̣
һһգһ̲ס̾һ죡


237 
ȵĳ֣ûдƷɴԭ״ѵĻѵѵѶȻˡ
庮ǣͿһɺг
͸޵͸΢Ĺʱվˡ
۾ڵţԺӣر
վſ۵ĵһӦǺޣ
ЦС˵С簲
վŻ£Ǿ˻ȣһͽԼĻ
ԴţëըͷԴ顣
һЦ˫ſԼϣ˲ٵ۾СϵľͲʵˣ
Һܹԡ
վһֱĸоû˱ԡ
Цļɤɳƣ͸ɫ⹴ʱ򣬸ǣСŹԹţǼºòã
á
Ϊʲô
ܾ޵۵Ƭίֻת˲ʧȴǱվſˡ
վŵָĺϣ΢΢Ħ΢ĺһֱתȻȻƿסҪ
ֻΪ
һס㣬һ̧ס°ͣվ΢΢ëգ䣬Я˺ѩȾ˪
ޣôôϲء
ҵҡ
ҾĲңɱ㣬ңҪ棡

ôĵв֮ȴһתλõ⣬޾Ц˳
С﷽ʽôı¡
棬Ҿɱ㣬ȻˣһǸ򴽽ǣվŽ۵׹ƣһ

򴽣⼸磬ܿ˳ȥԼĴԡ
Ǹ̫õĿء
ŲʡΪáȻǿοǹ޾ʵ
ҲҪΪ޺ãͲˣԺúϢһöġ
վŵȻ³ѹסĺͫﻮǳ͡
ڿɣȴϾҪ̼浱ô
ͼԼ壬վŲ⣬Ͳĺᣬ£ԼҪйһ¡
棡棡棡ɴΧִߣߣ
ģ
׼ˣ߾ȻͿʼ棬ʱߵĸն̽˴ڡ
Ȼһ߸ɵġ
£ȫԱվѹŹ޵ӡ
žŹȻǰĴڣ
ƣ
Ȼѹ޺޷ȾźΣ΢ţԾһСϱɵӡ
Ȼܣ
߶ЩƯƣȻĹ޺ܺÿǿһˣǿɲûȤȥҪ궿ӡ
޳۵ߣһвһΣҵǺǡ
вЦȻֹ޵Ȼϸǿٷǻǿš
̧뿪վЩãȻһһ㱴˵ޣҲǹġ
ûĵһۣ۵׵Ľǿǹ̼ʧرߣãһ޹
ӹˣԸ˳㶼ȥʡķùĢ

ôôأң߿ɶߣôȥǵʣ޼
ȻһԾԾԣϾ⼸Ǳ̼ǻֻܿŴܷйˣ
ûھǴܣΪǳֿȭ庮Ļȴ첲˾ӽ䣬ͦǳܵ
ǣܵ
ǣΪ˲ȱ첲ȣǾԲԼ˵ġ
һΣվûм룬ǾվڷɴԵ߾ڹ޵ϡ
ŷɴϵˣҲʮţɴΧ˲ֹǿҵĶԱȣԵ쳣ơ
ȻЩ߶Ǹģߣǣߵˣɶʹܣһȥ䣬ԱͿʼˡ
ЩǣĲҰæ𣿡
վҡҡͷССԴϣǶҪһ޵弼һֱƿһֱ޷ͻƣһκûᡣ
޵弼һֱǰλϣûȺ֮ϰʱȴ֣ƿƺܷġ
ô֪ģ
˯֮һ͵͵ȥϰվ˵ţЩìܣ˫ֿһЩƺǿʲô
㶣ÿ춼أȻûз֡
뿪ңֻʱŻڣҺܺ¡ңעűˣҲϲ
վЩίţǰʵѾˣҺϲʱ޿չ˵ĸоʵƣģǲǳİ
Щֻܺ˵
ҡҡͷžţǵ֮޷жϵ㲻Ҫ£ԽǺ£ԽΪİ
뵽οôִŵĿһЦһֱû˵£žţһֱ֪£ǹĹȥңҽһЩ䴫͸


238 
վԭЩ˵ۣ˲һŭɹȥҰһ㣬ƾʲôô
ҡҧ۾ˮʱʧˣֻй޿԰㣬Ըʱ֪ôҾͰ¸ˣû㡭
վſЦת෴ķ񱼶ȥ
վž÷ǳܣЩĵ׵˿Сάʣ磬ԭΪٿαװװԼõģԭΪǡ
Ǹ
Ϣŵʱͷˣŭת˲ʧĵطѸټӿ죬ͷķŭ޷ѹơ
Ȼ룡
һֱע⣬Ҳһֱô£Ǳ˵վŵķӦȻӿ
Ⱥ˫ĿȾſŭɫһһίվԭأ˹
գ޸뿪ķȥ
ʧˣߵȫֹסⲻѻ
ǹʱ߸ίˣſ˫󱧱̲סߣžžȻҡ
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ץ½ǣҧŴ˵ֻǵ״̬һֱӰңûбֳôá
֪
ңȻԭһǲϲңһҰһǾˣһͲҪˣ
ſĻžž䣬ֻǲôĲΪ֪֪ͻᰲĵġ
ļС˵ĲԼã䲻ˣֻʱܲˣЩ˾ͺá
ںܲáҵҸֵڼ٣ҺѸ٣߳ҭţ뿪ʱҲ̫ãǡ
Щû취룬֪˱״̬Ҳһֱѹ֣Ǻܺãʵﲻʲôǵ£ҪԼǵ磬ҲҪԼںϡ
ǡ
Сߣĸܸӣǲܰǵض˼άȥ롣ӵֵڲṹ̾Ϊֹ硣޷֪ģ֪𣿡
̧һ⣬۵ЩãȻҲҺƶȷǳߣҡ
ǻԣԡ
֪
Դ߽Լؿڣ⣬ֻǺ±
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ߵǿҲҲܵˡͻȻ뵽ֵ⣬ô±Ǽ£ҪԶȥˡ
Źʧķ۵ЩΡ
ԶǱϱֳӣվǰѾ˺ܶ࣬γء
վž䲻Ҳһ
ÿÿҹ֪ĵط÷ƺֻͨķʽԼѹͷޡ
溦£ƲסԼ
һȱԵվչ˫ۣ۾ԵÿһʯºԨȻ˲ͱɣ졣
ڹȥĩϲľ
ÿһӽʱϵĻȥ÷ŭԼ䣬ʣķŭԹ޻ȥ
һΣȫǹޡ
ԭ֪
վžֱƭĸоȫй֣ͲԽԽ
Я籩վĲԶ˫ɫɲվţ
ŭɤվȻһͣſ˫ֻۣƬ̣ʹߣһ˼ڱԵ
ӣ޵ϢɭˣվţҸӣ̹
վŵĲû䣬ӵĿԵÿĺ촽Ậɲ˵
ÿǰһվž͸ӿԵֵĹŭʢվţ
ǲĵķŭվͻȻסŲĻͷЦЦ˵ʲô
˵ʲô
˫Ŀ𣬹վԭأһսװȫչ֣µһۡ
һصĳɢĺڷڵ˫ĿվˣϢʱᱬĻɽ
ٴҪ󣬹޵ϢЩԼɭɱ䡣
վҡҡͷֻҪһѣȥ
̲סһЦȾΣգ˵һ飬ϻ
վŹִʱɾܾ뾲һ
㾲ҲҪﾲϹ뿪Լһ侲;޷ܣֻһʱ䣬Ҳ룡
ǣ밡
૳վ˫չźһֱ̤գ嵹¡
ŭǰ񱼣վţ


239 
һ˲ͳ嵽˱ԵȥʹþǿмӿԼٶȡ
֪飬ôԽ£
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Ȼ˲ŵͫףЦ£֣ȴ룬Ȼóһٿϣһֱþӵϡ
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վȻһЦץң
ģүڴϣҾͲչˣֻñըˣǺڸռۣǰǶõʱó֪Ķ
˼κָѲá
߳ƷȻȫǾƷ
뵽ղ˲ı飬Ц̾ϢУֱжԼ
ʹֻһ޵ھӳ£ӿٵƣƺӲֲϵҲǿʹ
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屻һסʱվſ˫۵˲䣬һĻŴסѪȵϢɴ
ƺûоͷһ޽ţǿȡ
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û˿Ծһһ£Ű׺˿ˣӶϢ
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ްŽڵϣǯסס˫֣ԭ븧ȴԼԼгˡ
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Ц⣬ûʲôֻΪץһֻӵС
ƺĲ޻ıϢŵζԽǿվ۵׵ŭԽݷŭԶԼ˻Ҫֱӡ
ҵģ
ǣô֪ţ
Ŵ꣬β΢ƻһ㣬Ѫȣȴִ
ҵģ㾹Ȼ˺Լ
վǹƫ⣬ۼ˫һ㲡̬¶תòǣΪ
Լģ˺Լôأ
еһѣҲ£Ǻ⣬Ͼܹˣһζء
վź̧ۣȾ޲ܲ˵ҡ
վŵĶͶ٣۾ˮߵĿҾ뾲һʲô
˵ˣ뾲ҲҪҿüĵطվţûҵ뿪ûʸ񣬵㶼û𣿡ɤŲɵľԣǿӲǷ
ƾʲô
ƾң

վȻסѬ죬ٶ۵Ĵһʱ䲻֪ô
޹ңûʸ뿪Ϲˡң׼ȷ˵ҵģ𣿡
ҡ
ҧסĴʿʳųͷζòŷſͳɤȾżвȣٸӿҾɱ㡣
վŵͫΪ⼸仰˼ɫʡ
Ļɱң
ᣬɱ㣬ȻԵ㣬ڶͺһ㣬ңǿԱ˴˲롭ҵôѪҲһǳζ
Ըе˻ɤ͸ΣգȴÿһֶպζƶζվŵԽԽҪһ
վͻȻЦɤ˵㲻ǹ㿴ֻǱɽһǣ˵ֻ֪ҵһԼ䡣֪ұ㿴ĻҪª֣Ǳ˵ģҲǱ˵ģģֻҵľ塣
ԣԵĲϡ
վţ
޶˷ŭ
վұһЦԭɰСΪ۵׵ƫִɫʻһĨȣ˼ֶص˵𣿾֮֮仹Ǹʱյľ룬˵һҾͻȻʧˡ
ǻǱǸվţûѡ񡣡ŭЦԼĿռȡǰĺӡ
ߵĳ⣬кܶBUGرԼĺ󣬾ʧҲᱻתӵ
˵һʼһһ֡
һ̶ȣ߿Դվ뿪Ҳվŵľʧת
һֿܶԵôûȫУվŲ֪Ҳһֱڵ⡣
վر޶ĴڣҲ˵ʱܶԼ
ֹ֪һεţүƺΪ⡣
˼ҵĸӹŵͿʼǹ˼ȴҲܣûʹֻԼЩЩҪ
Ҫǡ
үӸĶܹһΪὫľ
ǡ
ء
ǴһЩģС̫ԣҲٵˡ


240 
ͻȻóվ˫Ȼ޺ܵŶȥĹվͣ¶
㣡
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ʵǿƣһֱǱԸԭ򣬿κСӲˣ뷴Ҳǲѡ
վŵ׼ȷ˵ǵĶըĸо˺Ư޳֣ȻֱӸŪûˣ
ίģ
վſߵĿʲôʮ¡
ЦסһͰȥ
ҵʹӶһֱǷѪһʹֱײҪ궼˺顣
վŲηʹһΣȴ̲סʹ
۵״ۺͿϲʹ඼븹С
ȵʹʱվŵ·亹͸סĴϢѹͷΪʹĻذıꡣ
Ҵϡ
һöݸվţָԼҶǹǳЦ⣬ڣ̡
޴żּȣվſбֵİɫʯ۵Щֵɫ
̧֣վŽ¡
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޴΢΢ſ۵ʹࡣ
ϵĶԭЩǿڼϷŴʹ޸ߴȻڵϣͫıŰǳǳ
վŽŵıס˻˵ޣŵˡ
վʵֻǴ㾲һĶԽ࣬Խǽӽֻ࣬Щ޴룬֪αģҪһԼ뿪侲侲
ǹȴһ̶Ը뿪
ǿұҪĸоĿϲԼЩܿƵҪѹֵıһδηŴš
ǣôˣûüʲô޾Ȼ͵ڵˣ
Ŷԣ˫ȡ
ʹǹ޾ò̲סģֻпǶҲˡ
վŽĿ˺飬Ϳһ㱩ŵѪϢĺɫǱҪ緢
ҵʱס󣬽ֱ˻ǽˣᵣˡȻԼ״̬ǷɤǱ¶˿̵͡
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ƵɤΪʹЩۼ˫Ŀ˵ĿԼЦ˵ԼĴǿЦЦңҾͲˡ
վ˵ʱֱȥɬͬ˿̽顣
޽ڻ۵״㡣ΪʹڻɢȴñʱԶӵ绹ϲ
Сš
ţ
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վŵŹΣ̧˵ֻУ
ЦţֻС
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壬Ҳҵ塣
վ㶵ģ۵ˮ֪ʲô
֪ĵģҲͬǣҺ±һǰʧԣҽ磬ʱ㣬Զռ㡣Ϊʹ;ģ޽ڻ屻顣
㲻òҵСţõĹ
õģֻһ䣬վŵ۾ˮ
ûм޵ʱûȥֻʶ֮ƴѹͷıŭͲ̣ӣվǡ
ͷʱţðͷŶģЩԱ
֪ԽԽӽ࣬ΪԭࡣܹȥʲôܷʵӵȫĶ
ţСãɱ˷Ż𶼿ɰĲˣȻСŰҵʱ
ʱ
վţ۵׵Ĺΰ߲֣߰޹Ŵǣһŵĵóѡ
ΪŵСΪţʱţııҪõǺı
ھͰ㣬ޣ㿴
ȻվŶ쳣ĿأΪȥԭȻżرܣǿСĹ۲Լӡ
һЦжΪվŸ˵⡣
վ˵˲䣬ֱ˫  뾫ȡ滺Ψûע⵽Թ
Ҫ
ڣ
Ҫƣ
СѹûҪ޾Ҫһ


241 
ڷƲס˫ȶصʱվŰ߽˹Ϊ߲òʹԼҸֵ
ʱ棬ҪģϾղĽߡ
ƨƨߵߵǰվԴߣҪơ
ţСæĵͷ߿ʼ䡣
޿ʱǿʹܾҪ
վüУھҪȥҪ֣
޾Щˣܾ˺ˣھȻֱ˵Ҫ֣˵ҲҪ
߳˳ǣ״Щ֡վŲ뿪ŭ׷  ˲˵ػˣصǣϵڴҡ
ôãվųŹްѵǹ޳վ
׷ʲô
վҲЩ֣Ŵ۾˵ҺϲҲû
ֱըëˣ㾹Ȼ˵ϲô˵ϲ
ҵģҵȻϲ
Ҳϲֻϲң
վգŴ۾Щãϲ㰡Ҳϲһ֡
Уֻϲң޷ǿӲҧ嶼ʹĲƫƫִš
һЦǵһο޳ԴףһȡֵĳԴףԼֳԴףµһ⡣
ҾϲϲģҾϲ
˵ֻϲң
վԭƲЩ䣬ֱӾɱˣ۾ﶼãȻ˺ð춼û뵽ôͻȻˡ
ûվ۵ף޾һԼûãˡȻԴվŶûڡ
Ȱκ˵ò
á
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վץץѾ·ԴĿߡ
ΪһҪˢĴڣ߾ûҪЩЩԵָȻĻֱӾ͵
޵վſ˲ͽŹˣ˫Ŀв
ߵһۣȴòΪ˵ûžţǾ㲻ͺá
վŶһĴȻǳ˵޲Ժ֣Ҫȡ
ִᵽֵʱ߰סˣȻڹ΢ս䡣
Ȼڹϵ˲䣬յ˹ɱһĿ
ֱӸˡ
ջȥվŻȥͻȻΧֵָ֣оֹ߲ɵķԨ
ƺʲô
֪ǺһǹͻȻʼ
ߴһãûüվߣվžֱӱһС
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ֻǲ֪׻ʲôǲ֪ġ
һֱվţȴߵԶǴоҪϾ
սԨµһСѨǶݵĺڰӳȴһ޴ļӹ
ĸ죬쳣ɭڼΧеôڶȴĹİװĲ壬ࡣ
𺳵ǣЩĶȻеˣ
е弶ֹĴڣΪ˵壬屻Ϊŵ䱦ಢ˺
ȻҲˣڸߵУÿһӵз඼䱦ȫƻ顣
û뵽ϸǼԼ£Ȼ
վúֻ쳣ķŭΪǾȻӤŹ
Ҫ֪ʮʱʱʮ궼һǶô־ݣ
ΪԶ벻ν̵ͱӣʹС
ǣȻ˱ݲеĺӣ
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һܣһ߸ǹ塣
ֹĴԽԽ٣ȡ֮Ǿ£͸Ÿ߹Ϣװޡ
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ǽȥ˲䣬ͼг

ɱģ
ɶ


242 
ʱʱҪըĸоҪҪô̼
սͿиˣڶֶţ
Բۣ
һ£ˣȻңȻվŵ·Ūˣ
ģʱչ˵ʱ
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ץģ˵Ȼûɱ⣡ɵôһһģûʱͷɵ
Ȼͻ⣬߻ĻĬĬڽţһ˫۾Ķǳˡ
ֻҪԤͼ죬Էַ̿գ
ƺû뵽ţվУժĶͣˣ룬˵ҲŪġ
峺ɤɾ磬̲סڶ䣬˲ѾɫǣȻ
վüƿ˭
סٶ۵˵ˡ
ĪЦĸоشԵôôȴ
վգգ۾˵ץҸʲô
򴽣СظϵСϣҾҵһμ壬㲻𣿡

վŵĪЩ⻰ɶ˼ƽ˵㣬Ů˸еȫУС˵
᳤ģ
֪ô룬Ż̲סˮϾ巢ˣҩȲ˵壬ָɶ
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վϴԴǳĿ¶ûĻе˺ͼ̵ˣܱȫû¶ȡ
˿ϴųӤеĴ⣬۵״ſ
ⷬվżǰ˹ոʧӣЩͬ
˹ʧ䣬ǱȴѾרȨͶϣرİԵڱ
ȴǣǳĶŪ·
վԶĵطƺԸĬĬһֻ֣Ҫվüͻͣ£Ȼָʱ
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Ϊľֹ̫ĬĬɨ裬ɨĽֱӳ졣
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ʮ첻Ļе˺
֪ݣ߾ͺʹ˼ѪһΧɨתٶûŹ
š

еʩϣ໥
棬ĵ׼ƽŸδ
˵ӦñǼԼٵģֶЩͬƺûж趨Ҳ˵ĿǰежֻǱܡ

ӦþһΪˣңܲɵ£еиڻе֣ȴҲһλ
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Īһ𣬻һߵġ
üģ߾ԺƸӾˡ
˿ΧĻΪ˰ȫ߾Χȫɨһ飬ȷ˰ȫȽϺá
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е˱ȴܸߣһǸ߼ϵҲSSSӽ޵ˮƽ
ʱӦǱܵĸΧȻ󲻴ɵķվš
ǵѪù
һݾ⣬ҪǺϹϵӹƾûˡ
߽ĲУƫƫ˻ڴ۵Сۡ
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ڣ
ˣȻһֱţҪ
ֱ޿̡
վǵļ˳飬ֱһȭ˹ȥٶȼ죬֮ǰҲûʲô󣬿ǰ˻ǽסˣҷǳȣһƫûС
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վҡҡͷӿռó·ϣǸմϣ˾͸˺ˡ
վ㶣ŭ·ǹ޸ģĿǰϲһ֪ж
㣡㻹ң
˺

Ǵļ⿪ʼӦûûֲ䣬ȻĻôô·ֱӰԼĿӺ˺ˣ
ˡɸɾɤӣЩץ


243 
վžŭЩ޴ɷֹĸоĪ
˿վŴߣȥ壬ĬĬóһñŹ޵塣
һֱߣϲӣÿһˡ
뵽վŵЩԼѬ죬˫ﶼЩ룬ͻȻЩˣȻողż
·ó˲䣬ͼ˺飬վŭˣ˺ԣЩ·ɶǹ޸ģģ˺Ҳ˺
Щίϲ㲻·ȽϺÿ
߲û³һѪ۵ûɫ⻰˵˲䣬ֱӰȻҵϷ
ҵȻÿ

ãԴӱ޿һ￪ʼɪˡ
վĬĬ·Ȼ׼´ɲãһȥ·µģ㲻뿪Ҫһ𡣡

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վſɫ䣬һкҪҪ
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վŲֲ߱¶Ļ⣬֣߱£ƺֻԼӦˡ
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УҪҪҡ

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ܵġ
뵽һֵĿܣֻòš
ֻ弶
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վֹЩ벻ףһʱסˡ
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Ծʱɲһ죬ңÿһȼĹ涨뿪
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ͷһǿĿֲоȱ߰ǿ˲ֹһ㡣
аżֵĲ̬Ĳ̺ɫСΪһֻСãʱ̵Щء


244 
߰סԥ²Ȧסվţ磬Ҫ
˱أ˹Ĵǲ˵ãʲôҪһôˣУˣǰãǺ䣬ԴԼΣա
߰׵ͷѵʱ㲻ڣоˣͰˣҺϲԾˡ
á
䣬˵Ϣˣûɱ
⼸仰ͻȻЩ⡣
˵е˱ҪֲоƬ𡭡
ǿ߰׵ӣԾмģ֪ϺЩ󣬲ȻĻ˵ûŮˣ
˻ÿһŰԵϢǳѹ֡
ߵߣ˹˿ͫ棬̧־ȥԭŮ˰
ԭŮˡ
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ס˿Լָ⣬ٳվŵӡ̧СĴ˴ֻûʲôûʲôо
߰Щã磬ҵġ
ƲƲ죬ǵġ

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һαôԴ߰׺ͱīЩ棬ȻۣҲû̫Ƣ
īϢܱŰǱȴͱ߰ײֻ࣬΢˫ۣ˵СǲԶצ
ҲǳңǸңϡߣ
۱任ɫû˱ȵùվţǵƫúվ̾ͱ裬ȫȻϲӡ
ϡߣīһֵҧŴŭҲŸճ꣡ճ꣡
վƲ죬бһۣһǧˣ㾹ȻҸճ꣬㵱ɵӰ
īͷƣϢ⣬ֱӽȵ䣬޺޵˵Ҿ㣡˵ţȥ
뵱Ȼģվָһȭ
ī˼䣬۾ֻ÷꼫ˣҧ˵һСŪ㣬Ϊܴң
ŪҰվЦеһ˵ԵŽ߰׸硫ۡҡ
߰ױͻȻĳƺκģǵһα˽磬о֣ɫ˵磬Ҫ۸׶
Բۣ
վˣȻ˵׶
ֱЦ˶ӣչ


245 
׶һīϢ˲ºֻͣ۵׵ıڣ࣡Ѿˡ
ǰ׶ڣ׶ڣʲôǶҪ½⣡ǷɣңǴԣʧ˼ǧĴԣô۸
߰˵ķǳ࣬ʲô˵һ
վԭоѾˣԣûըëˣǲ׶ȫҶ׶

߰׺ͱīûдӡһǸͦĺӣʵҲ֪ʲôֻǴ۵Сۣվ뿪
վŷ꣬Ҫȥ
ҵ޻УҪȥ
īüҪʲôҸ㡣
վЩƣǵɶУʲôЩʲô
īʼ磬ҵһͰǵͷˣڸʲôϵͳ¡
߳ǣиʲô£˵ҪҪô޹
վβһ֮ǰأ
֮߰ǰһֱþ幵ͨʱ䲻࣬治֪
ī˰û뵽˵ʧˡ
ĬĬ²ۣ˸ۣϾȻк͹һС
Ҳ֪ǲ߷˾裬īͻȻֱ̧צλã壬ûбʵ壬Բû
ȴõķ
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ī۵״˼ƺ޿֣ѵʲôڱ㣿
šվ£۵׳ڵȴһתƤ°
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վҪǱīȴ΢ĵɢȥٵ
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߰Ҫֹȴڱīֹͣȴűīˣվŵ½ǣԸ뿪
īһۣȻͽվϸһ顣
վϵϢԿʼȣҲǳĲԸŭ޿κΣƵ£ץץԴ˵Ҿҧ㰡
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վŷ˸ۣ֪
߰׼վŶûпЩϲվҪ˵Сţ˵㿴ҡ
վȻЩԸǽ߷ϣϾȽϺ˵ңôȥ
ߵ˿ܸ֪ߴڵļһٶЩΣա
ĵ׾κ߲ǿǿ£ûǿнߡ
īԴͷϲ׽ʵ˵Ҳ֣Сôôϲأ
֪̲ס²ˡ
ΪҸϵͳĴڣվŶ˷ǳ׺԰Ըװɰ˼˰ˣ
ȻҲûװɰϾиޣңͿɰôɰ
վҲʣʲôܺãǾʹһֱ
šǵķɴˣ޲á߰׺ʵϡ
īЦЦΪȻ˵ȥȥĻ飿ǲԶǸصķɴ𣿡
һݣıȻǸߵأӦҲһֵܹġ
վҲû뵽ȻˣʱϵЦˣȡ֮ǱǲǵĶ֣˺ǡ
ǺǡīЦǿӲҶ˺ûȤȽ϶ȤϣҴȥˣ˳ʺѣϾԺҲǵѡ
վŵԽԽϵϢҲƽ˵ҲʲôˣҲйϵҲΪĵܵܣǲǡ
ǣѾˣҵĵܵܿǶˣԺֻΪѵĸˡ

⻰˵ģôЩ֡
ҲЩֲ֣׵ȥɨָоơ
վ֣Ҳ˼
īаһЦķ㲻Ҫ˽⣬ֻҪ֪Ժǵľͺá

Ϊ򲻹Ҫǵ趼ʶ
վƲƲ죬Ѿˣԣû
īü⻰Щϲû̫⣬ûϵһѣǲٶˡ

⻰ţôԽԽ֣ɶվžñκԽ˵Խְ
ԽԽãī˹һޣǿΪԱģ˻ˣֻҪǵġ
磬׶㲻׼
īһۣͣ¿Ķˣ˵ȷʵһ˯߰ײĿ߿ī鲻Ը˵Ǻһ˯
߰׵ͷ۾˺ÿĻȡ
վŭֱӸһһȭһֻҲһȦ
񾭲


246 
ٴα򣬱īֻЦЦͽȦ˻վ޹
ڱīļ£˾ߵĹֱӴվȥ˷ɴķ
ͻȻּжʱ庮Ȼ࣬ҷȼֱӷŵߡ
ͷߵźţȻ˵С
ԥ֮ѡߣϾվŵľҾǵֿûй޵£Ҳֻ
šȻ߸Щʲôī˿ղͨλãȻ߲ûȴɲϸ΢Ĳͬ
վû˵ֻǷ߷ߵ˵ڰҷ£÷
ǹޣվǸ˶ǶڱīֻƼˡ
߰ʱƨƨߵǰ˵Сţұ㡣
īĬĬɨһۣĬĬ˵㻹ڻָڼ䣬Ҫע塣
߰סúЩģոպͻеںϣڻڼ䣬Ҫעġ
֮󣬵ϸı߰׳ɹԼҸơ
īһ˲䣬ıŰϢͽ䣬֣طֱӾͽӲˡ
˿ɲǿϢֻӹϲڣϵϢȻҲıŰ
庮ɫЩãʹӺڰг֣Ȼǵǰûй޵ʱֻԵֵһ¡
վżʩѹһȭִ˹ȥ
˵һվŻӣȻﶼһĻ𱬡
ī˳ǣǺ⣬ֻаһЦСţƺû۸ǣ
վŰһۣ޹գϽſң
ţվžȣҪޣϣҪѵ
߳˳ǣĬĬһԼҸֵȻĬĬʧ
ΪȽϿ٣һΣīԸı䣬վִ˼ֿǸʲô
վƲߣԸ
һԸպǱ߰ףΪҪԼ˵Ц˵Сš
վɲ̫ģĬĬ˵ܴ𣿡
߰׳Ĭһ£ҡҡͷ򲻹
ãһ˵վŵɫˣǳá
ΪĴڣڵĿһǳĽ·һ
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Ȼۣǰ㣬һȺˣӦˡ
رǰˡ
ԣƺһ
΢΢ǽڵķƺһǿҵϢڣڸղš
£ī̲סЦЦġˣ
վڹޱųһ˲䣬۾֮ϢԱº͡ı仯Ǹ˶ܸоοīߡ
ޱǿӲųҸֵҩûֹ
޼˲ͳ˱īߣܴЯ籩ֱӾк˱īϡ
īû뵽˻ôɴ࣬һͱ򵽡
׼ȷ˵վʱŹһкϣԭʹźȦ˫ۣһִһȭ
īɫ˲ԭѾˣڼϱǹ徹ȻԴѾñˡ
ңصǣСȻ˳ֵ˲䣬Ȳȥ
վɵģ˫ֱӹĸ첲ίί˵۸ң㡫

仰ôоЩԾ
˺һųǷӦǼԴ·ˣ˵ˡ
޵ڼվűסʱ˫۶˪ڿվźζ󣬵ǿѹͷĻ
վűڻﰲ£Ȼס°ͣȵǾˣվ˳ĻӦ۽ǹӹɼˡ
ī߳˳ڼžµϳʱͷһ

޺ͫͻȻһϣ˵ı仯۵ס
ƺԼʱ򣬱ֵЩˡ
˾ĿţվųԴˣסֱӾҧ죬ǿȹ޿Լ
Ȼܺÿ㲻̫̫̫ܿˣ

ī̧ȥԼ仰ʱЩŤ
Щ̿ԼվŽʾ֭ӣû뵽ôһӢ䲻ǷȻ˵̫ˡ

Ϊ޵ĴڣԭĵĵǶˡ
ʱҲˣȻһֵͬĻ⣬ȻĻֻһ̫ˡ
ԭ⣬Ƿֿǲٵע
īأŵĿǽϣָаȻ͹޵ĳŲͬſ⣬ˣ
š
ף˳һɳϣ÷վɧԼʵ̫ˣЩȡ
վֻҪԼĻϲϾȻ뿪˹ޣ
ܴҪԼ


247 
վ˵Ҳʿɶֹֻ˾ǣȴᡣ
ѾѧϹϾֹѾ֮ˣƽʱǶǰֳԵġ
ֻǱī̫ģƺ˼ɣԼϢ˼֡߰ڿ޵ʱ۵׵ĹҲıһЩ
Ҳע⵽ǵĸı䣬Ҳ˲١ֻĿɳϣǿ
վŽļͷϣСͷһÿһµԽԽͿĵЦţǳĿġ
޿Դֹĺ֡
ī򴽣˵Ƭ˵Ҫ
̧ۣ˱߰ϡղ߼򵥵Ľ£һеƺΪˡ
ҾܾأĿڣɤЦ
㣬ܾҲûãҵĵܵ벻Ȼ⻰˵ЩҲ˵ʵ
һͲ뿪̫ãЩӰķӦص£ʧȥжĻеһ
һ㣬뿴
ˣīŻֱɱһۿվŵʱĵֵǸУȻһţǼסһ̵ļ¶
̫֣ڣ²֡
벻𡭡
޵˼֣߷ڱ߰׵ϣŵɱġ
߸ղŸôĹϵ
ī򴽣̧סûж⣬ңҲǲ뷢ˡң淢ʲôҲܾˡ
ʶң
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ī΢ת˲ֻɨߣ˵ǵݣСӦѾ㣬ǿܼ𣿡
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⻰ﵭЦ⣬ùлһ˿ܾã˫͸۵ף֪ʲô
£ֻһǸϲҵģңЩ˿ûһҵĶ֣룬㲻һɱ¾ɣᵽɱ¾ʱ۵Դ˷ܡ
вң
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īϣԭˣǵʱ򣬻Щ²֣׼ȷ˵Щ̫Ϥˡ
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£ߵߣֶ˼֡
ԭЩ飬˵ҲûôˣɴſıϣװԼ
ǵΣ֪ķΧڣҲ˵㻹ûʸ񣡡仰˵ſ۵׵İơ
ݸһЦտһԣˣ߸ҡ
īϢȻı䣬˵ľȻԼֱӽ߰׾һ𣬲Ϣ˵
īߵļ£Ļϵѹţ۵׵ı䣬УЭǵʱܸǣǣֻûκвΪҵĵܵҪӦҲ֪Ǳ뿪
š£ףԶУУǵøɻﲻˡ
ͻȻҪīüҪȥʲô
㶣˵СҪϢˣҪȥ˯
վһֱ䵱һֻɧŹޣ˵ʲô˶Է磬˵͹ȫ⡣
˵ʱ̧ͷʱ䴦˱ڵǡ
ֻ½Ǳ£Ǵ¶Ű߰ߺۣղűǿĽȣһ̵ĹȾһ˵ұϢ
īüͷһǲãСŻ׶
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䡰ҵŮˡ·Ĵƹŵ࣬ȴ֪仰ʵ塣
īס˿ٿվţЩš
УҪ˵£ҪĹأҵģҲֻҵġ庮ǼùǺúÿһ
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Ҫ޹Ŀ
ƽ
īĺһǿˣ̫ƽƫƫ˵Ļȴ䶼ơ
īǿӲĿܿǶվţȴ־ڱصáܵĽҪᣬңѾȺһ
ĵܵ벻ĵܵһҪ£޷ֿ
ƽϸϸ˽ˣβһãȴƴĵУӭ


248 
޵һ件ӭīͻȻͱ޻˵˻һϵĶ֡
ֻǡ
ī߷վϡ
ŮܾЩֵĸоָоõɲ׷֡ңȷʵ벻
ī̫ǿңվЩͣޣ˯
ɤȾż꣬޹һЦţϡ£˵Сǰš
߲ûըë
ķɴиϵ˿ܸ֪ģǶǵû˵Ȼǲ֪ξû
ǣ޲š
ôô
һǰӣΪǺù㣬ǰ  Ұǰס
īʼ磬ЦЦţ˳㣬ǿġ
ŭ˾Ȼ͹һвصôôᣡ
ī˳һɸľͱһ⽫߻
΢΢ǷΪˣҪֶţ롣ָ·ǿƵȻ
˼īԾü˿⣬ֿ˿ߣﵹûа
˫ͫɫһ
ˣΪĻƺʲô
߳˳ȴߵ庮ߵʱ˵Сߴ󴫸ǣλ
庮ͷɷҲǷ˲٣ǡ
뿪
ī˵ж۵׵Ĺ˼֡
߰һֱû˵ֱ˶˲С磬Ǹôô죿ܾüƺǱݡ
Ȼ
ݣɲǵϷǸ𡭡
˵ϢǺܶԣӦǺһģǣĵ͵ôкء
˵Ǹˣڶ˯ڵ桭
Ȼ룬ǶٻЩ⣬ڿɣҲܿ϶Ҳ˵⣬ζӦýĻΪһ⡣
߰ԥ˵Сǲǲϲǣ
īٲһ˵ϲ
ϲī˵ĺ棬ǵע˴һգǣʵϣվš
ŮϵϢ
µüͷ̲ס߸𣬴ҲţǸ˵ĺǲҪΪá
߰ЩʧҾҺϲ
īҡҡͷҲֻǵһμԶѡ
˵Լе㲻̫ȷ
ǶڰµϿɶ⣬óȥ˵һ׼Ǿһ⣬ƺ߱
ǣҲû߰׽°
ԣǵϲǴðģ
һɻһ߼ߣ·һʱ򣬱һȻ·ˡ
īԭǹԵĹ˵ʱ򣬵ֱסˡ
ƣַʲô
һˤҪҲֱŭˣŭİȣ㵱СүʲôӣҪ𣡡
̸㣡ľȻù̼²˴
ɳյŭȥ˼ٹҪˣ
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˵˰أһȻֹ˱īͱ߰ϣУиһֱȷʵûз
һͫɻĿǣþò˵ǲǡ
īֱӴϣ°˵Ӧλɡ
˵λһ۾һҲֻһ룬֮ͱקס˶䣬ֱӸ˽ȥ
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ԲۣСүšءүİȣҧСү죡
㣬ң
ߺôĬĬţ˵ǲʶǣ롣
īüͷ
߰׻е㶵ģȫܲһʵ
ڴԵϣ˵
ÿԶᣬ𡭡
˭ܸǲΣղǸһǴԡ
߰㶵ĸֱһ˫˼īȻǹ壬ǶסȴûʲôҪ󣬶ҿĶʵͦϡġ
ǻ⣬˵ǲ֪ʲôˣϣûж⣬ֻ֪ͨ죬ǿ롣
졭īҧҧ۲˵ӣȷʵһˡ
Ǹص֯˵֯һһڡǸǼ֮⣬Ȼа͵ߡ
ȷʵ⡣
īͷģ˵ûȤң̫ˡ
üǰȻ̫ˣϵĶʮ֮˾ŵĿռƺˣˣܹ
īɫԳֵȻȷǵݣǶٻȷ£ңȻ弶ȴкܶδ֪Ǻ֣ҾͰӹȥ
˵в߿ʼ˵ص㣬ǾǣҪҼҾžԶһ㣡ûã
ֻҪ뵽ǾȻұվţ߾գΪǼһֿʼвˣ
ģбϰ˼ҵã˵ҪǺվźú飡
Բۣ浱֪˵緽ʽ


249 
꣬Ҳηļ˵ǲúҵݣҿ֪ģкܶණʧء
һ˵꣬īϢֱ֣вʲô
㻹вңҲ֪ԭ򣬵ǣҵľҲѾ˵ˡ˵ţߵɨǣȡϢ˵ǵ̫ãӦǼܵ˴ˡȲ˵Ǳܴù޵Ŀмֻ֣ϵЩˣͻڶʱڲ
īЦҲ˵ˣֻǶʱڡ
Це˵ԣҪЩʲôԲԣ
īһ㶣Ҳһ£ʧ˷ᡣֻǵüϾͶһ΢Сǵ׺һƯıʯ
ŶǵбǾʹǵ
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үģСֱӾҸֵѼˣԲۣǸ񾭲ѹã
ƫƫȫȫֻվţ
ʱû飬ַŲ£ַֻʽʱˡ
Ķī̧ԼȻЩƣ࣬Ϊ˰ȫŰġ
ʮϵͳ
˵ԭ϶ôȫԿ϶
ͷƤЩ飬ֻųӢˣص㡣
ˣҲͲˣǣ֪ȱʧ
īЦЦ㲻ô£Ҷûж⡣
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ȽϺ˵ĺת
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һ
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ͫȻŴĵһۣŭ˵ʲô
īʼ磬ֻʵʵ˵ӣƺҲ֪ʲôӦҪʧĶô˵ʲôݣ
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ī۵ҲЦΪһӡĳԶãδ̫߹Լ
ͷһЩʲôȷϴŵĶЧãٶȴ뿪ڱȥվǱߡ
ߺ󣬱߰ü˵磬㲻˵øߵ֪ǵĴڣͲðˣСҲᡭ
Ǹ˿ɲɵӣҲввǳҪߡﻹȻ֪Ҫٽıע⣬ż뿪ȷ˵˵
ˣǱīϵͳҲһԣֻ֮ǰΪ˱ǣһֱ
ţϵӰǵϢҲġֻǣƬ̺ī˵ǣȴô϶˵߸
Ȼֻǵһ䣬Ըо⻰ζӦǴҲȷԲ֪˵
ǹ⣬ȴ˵ЩϤ
ЩϤ
⻰дˡ
һ֮УƺԽԽ˼ˡ
˵ܰǽǧⰡ
뵽īͷһӣҪЩȷˣӦõȲ̫ʱ䡣
߰׿ü֣غͱ壬̲סڣ磬ʵӦֱӻȥ
īϣ˵ȥҲʲôˣ
ǡ
ûпǣҪôѣξȷ޵ݡ
ݡ
еżȻǱȻԤԣǻʱǵˣҲǿҲ˵˰š
īβȾŵѪâ˭֪


250 
޵ǵĻȣת˲ʧˣŻеվţһ˷䡣
ڴϣ˫۳࣬һ˫ͫ۵׾ǳãվŶԼչʾǵʱץס֣˵˵ĻǲǶˣţ
վס
ЦֻǵĻȴǼģ˵ȫҵģ㾹Ȼ㡣
վϵ·Ź޵ĻʧͱסȻֱӵԡ
ƺԶϴɱ˪´򿪣ȫûˮУһһϴˢ
޲վҲԣֻ˫ߣĺӡҪһƤһ
Ҵˡ
Сĵ̧ס֣վźŴǣͰ͵˵֪ǲ˺ңԡ
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Ļڼվȴ۵׹һֱӾҧסĴỨί˵ޣ㾹ȻҲ۸ҡ۸Ҿˣ㶼۸ңһûۡû˰ˣҺġ
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ǣ˵ʲôԡԣȻңһߵװɣҪͷ㣬𣿡
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ΪƲעǣޣҲǹֵģѧϰ죬Ȼͱڷ죡
ʱûǲҪǡչֻҪԴףǷǳģһ㻹ǲҪŵĺá


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ڡ
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251 
һ˵˶ЩͷƤ顣
īüɷµ룬ֻŵ٩Ҿ˺ܺãһǳϲһ㶼õļ޲ȥ
ǶԲסˣѾ޳ȥˡ⻰˵ᣬȾŲòˡ
īʱŷӦҧ˵㲻׶ҲֻǸոճ꣡ûгˣ
ʲôϵ
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˵޵ɫЩݣһӦȻǿ˱߰ס
ī֪Լ˵˻ҲûеӣϾڵĹޣûҪ¡ˣֱϵͳƣ޲ûԼĶ֡
仰Ժ󶼲
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޿Ķ⿴˵ͷߣȻСңҲ߹Լʲôˡ
ԴӼЩ֡ǵƺĿңղŴԼĹҲ˷ǳƺȷʲôһ
ڡ
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ӣҪүЩ¡
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ӦҲǷˣԲŻŲٵĴȥ
īȻҲˣȴֻ˹ϵķվŵЦ绨
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ܸоڵƽᱻƣҪԵģ߾ͺĸĸһֻԤδ
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ˣͰҳԵϲģҪǵöϣһȽϺóԡվ¿Ḷ́ԼһҪóԡ
޹ţʱһֿܶಿ֣ζֻܳԵ
վ۵ƣϸϸ棬ҪԵҶʣ
á
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˳ˣ廹ʴֻѧѹֶѡЩεĿڣЩۡ
վԴϴα֮ڱøСԣȴԵùСġ⣬ȴǿԼ
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š
һЩˡ⼸ʵ⸺أԱīͱ߰ףǲΡ
š
ߵͷ


252 
޻Ʋվţȥա
庮ʱüĳɫɢȥ˲٣ԭǣ㳲еطµĻˣȫеĴѾȫų
ף˵Һͷȥˣء
ʹӺڰǡ
޿Զ˵Ѿˡ
̤һۣ󶼿ͣͳƬ˵ǲԣΪʿ֮ģǵĸ֪׼ȷͬʱӦˣӦòд
š
ֻ˵ͷһʱԡ
ǹ޼˵һˣ
Ȼᵽ̤Ӳһ£۵׳ȥôǵģǡɾͷˡ
ˣȴû˵ֻɹеЦĲ˼顣
̤ԼܾãֱȻѣ뵽ߵҽ˵ҡ
ޣһ𡣡
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ҵˣһֱǱڰҵˣЩǵˣȻˣҪµʲôУĻǰװһ
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š
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253 
û֪ʱվš뵽ǸŮˣȾһ˷ܵЦ⡣
ֻɱǣŻῴҡţеⰴťƯɫ˫̰Ŀޣһֻҵġ
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ԣĲں
Լһͨߺܣʹ˹޵ĺϡֻץܽͻԼ
뵽˫ԾͷŨصѪ


254 
޺ܹʱԿ׼ˣ̧֣еرҩֱӴ˫ϣóӳ־
ԭȴͻȻɢһϤζһֱµ˫ȣͻȻͱʹ̣³ŵҲΪͻʹѿ
ߴͽȻף˫ȫʹȡ
ף嶼ڲ˵˷ܣȻȻûкãô˵ֶշֵͬĶӣƽʱ侲װġʲô֮ʣڿûõķ㻹Ǹ
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ǡ
СţʵšĻͻȻͷһþò૿ڣԲۣҾ֪£
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Ȼ߻ͼֹһվţϾû²ǣ˵ţֻվֱͷ˳ȥ
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255 
ڹޱµ˲䣬ûü˵ͱֱ˳ȥ
ȴ޿κΣΪȫ˸ġڸһȵĸо
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رǿս׳ȫӣرˣֻҪ˺飬һӡ
۵׵ɫԽŨأҫ۵ѪҺʣɫʡ
ȾЦɤżֻɫĹ꣬ôȷһһҵϴ
һ㶣ϣұĻҺ⣬ϾΪܵˡ
򴽣۵׵İڿʼǣҵҪ


256 
û뵽ֻ˵ȻȫûܵӰ졣ֻΪһͲòǿԼ˶ܡ
ûӰ죡
š
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޵һҩûӰ죬ֻǲûصʧȥΪѣǶٻӰ쵽ж
е𣬺ϹޣֻĻ˵ģӰǡ
νȫȻǴ
ܲãȲ˵Ͳóϵֻ⣬ͻ˿ӣȴǷڣʹá
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ټüȫʹ˫ͫʧȥʣЩ
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֪
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վ֪˿̵ĹޱŻİɡ
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ͬϵϢıˡ
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˵Ǹıͼ
ôܡ
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վϵ˿ԽԽ࣬жɢѪҺҲ̼˹ޣǿͻơ
䣬޵޲ڿվֶһ˿ڵʱ˫ĿȾ˱ļһб
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ٲҽУȻķ򣬵޿˫ʱͫȻôܣҽеҩ㣡˽ҩҩɾȣ


257 
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վеĽӲ˰ģתͷٿԼʱ۾ղŵĲ̱ʧ٣ӡӡ
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վããȻȻò˽Ļţû¡
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˵꣬ٵϣϵԪϯ
ٵɴۣǲš
޾Ȼͽʹóֲܣңǿֲϵе
룬ǲòֹֻ˷Ϯܿ뱻
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˵ʵԣ֪ĿǰҵȨߣмＸҲһ
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ֱ
ĥĲʱ򣬹޵ͻȻۿɼٶٸı䡣
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ü̧֣Լķ˿С
˿ȫɱɫʱ۵׾㵣֮ͫҲڿٵĸı䣬Ӻīɫֱӱ͸ѪɫԶȻҲѪŨء
վۿı䣬۾ԽСһֱֹͣӿȥ쳣ϲĿ
ޣ
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ǹ޲ǣȫŸɾߣȻԵŵĺɫԪء
ϲüͷһ˫ǵ˵ٻ
ϲӣǳÿرϲͷ
վ̧֣ץһͼԪ֣ȻΧǡ
Ҳʱȴûͼ뿪ԲۣʲôȻŪˣ


258 
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ķ֪ϲһվ֣ĽΧԼ
߳˳ǣȻô䣬ʶһᣡ
һϢ俴ĸı䣬ѪֵǾȻ¶Ц⣬۵͸Ѫ졣
Ȼ˷񰡡
򴽽ǵѪҺֻþѾܿˣȻҪռݡ
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ֻûȵ޵߾˹ɤ˪ѩ㣬ȥˡ
ͫȻ󣬿۵ŨصɱͻȻУҩǴһ֯õģÿжһΣҾϴõģʱ䣬Ӧֻûˣ
Ŷ
ǣݸһЦ˵Ͳô𡭡
΢΢ۣϵľʹ㲻ңԶ֪
вǡˡ
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վȴǵˣСһߣͲ˺ˡ
īͻȻʶԼ̫˷ܣֱӽҪ¸ˣƿ˵ҳҲѿôϲ
ҾϲҧҰ
վźܿģﶼƤֻɲ뿪޵ߣ˫壬ȫЦ⡣
īƲƲ죬ؿһǽ˵˸ˣǸν֯㲻Ҳˣң˵һ߶Ѿʼˣȷʵг塣
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룬Ȼ̬۶Ǳ߷˴ģĳ壬Ǻô˵ߵĹ޸ֲֲӢۣԾҲûȤԾԼȽҪ
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˵ӣǡŤ
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š
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ףī̲סˣȻЩҴģϾǼް˼ҵɱˡ
ɱɱˣ
Բۣ
˵˼ҺУǧȴŹأֻ
޹ЦǻŶǿӵˣ

⻰Ӧûɡ
īЦͱɶɶɶˣ뿴¼Ŷ
ԭͬ˵룬ȴ룬Ļֱжˡ
Ƭָֻ̺ǻֻһޣǻķ˱߽ϱī·
ӣǱˡ
ˡ
ĹޣôѧĬǽء
ǱȽϻǡ
ϻȥУ߸ǣ
Ȼ룬ǵ۶ҪչһЩٴ֮ǰҪԼݡ
үӷӡʱļǵԼĻϣԶ򿪡
⻰ʲô˼



259 ۶Ϯ
޻֮󣬼֮ԷûϵͻȻ˱īͱ߰ףʧأ׻ǶڽΣ
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ķ֮ŭǸ޼¡
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ķںŵ۶Χ˼Сģս۵׳üĶĺ˵ûҵ𣿡
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ڣֻܿǸҵ˻ˡ
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üǳ˵ţȫȻ˼ԼڵλãѧУĲһǡ
СʱŲֻͬ࣬ǵ˶ˣҪ
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һ֮ǶûſſªĶˣ
Ϊȥˣͻ¶ֻ̹ǣԣôҲôˣվһΣǾһΡ
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˲£ӷɴϳܻףһɢƣоѾƣ¼ս
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£Ϊũ񹤣Ҫֵأæ
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ʵ룬ôԸģ庮ϴ£ǴӦˣȫûҳˣòɣԼǲˣҪλˡ
µɨܶκ󣬺ܼᶨ˵ʣһණҪѧϰͱˣҶĻλûȤԸúɡ

ãڸֱУǣҪҪҪԼȥ´ġ
Ȼһеⳡѹȥ
޲ûмսΧѲһǲûзˣʧȥ˼Ȥ
ȱȱ庮бҪǿεҪԣҸ㣬ʵʵĴţһΣϢüܹ꣡ҵˣҪǮǮ
û㹤𣿡

Ĺʶ۸ɾˣ⻰Ҳ˵ĳڣҪ


260 
վŵעһֱ˷ɴУǵһʵʵĿӴ
Ȼʵϣսǲҵǣѹûл׿á
뵽վŲЩʧôôأȻĻʱȫԳȥĿġ
ȻҪģԼＸٻ֪ġ
ǣ
ȥȥ
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üЩҪʲô
վżûӦôԽżһ㣬ֱ˫ֱסĲӣɤ˵ޣôϲ㣬ô㣬ôĳ㣬ܽһ𣿡
ţ
̲סĺ飬˫ԼڣɫϲĽƣ˿˿ƽסͻȻ뿪һ
ϲС̲ס͵ڣ۵׶ᡣ
ȴӦҡ
վż֣Ȼ㣬״Ӧ
Ӧ˲䣬վ۾ӵ˫һ£
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ͻȻף޵Ц̲ס˴ߣԭ͹ƻĵӣ˿̸һ㱡ʲУֻ벻ߡ
ޣô̲סԴ󷢣
СôԴ󡭡
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ԭƽĻȻѳɫʣηԪ˶
Ԫء
ôܣ
ķʱȻŵ˵˲ǹޣվţʲôʱѾ˸ߵ
ϴμʱ򲻹弶߼ŶãȻڲ֪о͵ߵȣʲô
Щһӿɶһ
ڣֱˡ
˹۵ҲЩ㵣Ȼ֪ر𣬵Ҳû뵽ô˾ȡ
ֻǹķ֪վܵĴڣǴ󲿷ֵȴ֪аԼĹ塣
˿ʱ۾ȴ˶ˣȻָֻܣ
ǵֱеʱ۶˷ܶ
ǵսԭ޵У
ȫȻ֪Լ˶䶯վŴ˿ĿģԪؾǲҪǮһŻӳȥ
庮ŵ۶ķϻսĹĳ˳飬ֻ۵ȴӣսĳƺűǼҾžšңƺΪָܻˡǰˣ˶ôİ
ҲϾܲˣһֱΪֻ⣬Ͼ˶ֻ֪ҪϿɣʵǿԵġ
ȻĿǰΪֹֻһվš
Ŀ۵ɴŲãСŵˣֻҪͺˣЩˣ۾һҪˣ
ԽԽ޶ɱе˾һٺ
ٸ͵һԣѵ֪ЩĵĳǲҪţûǸɿţҪվţڣ̣ϣһӣδʮ㻨Ǯȥɣÿһӣͼʮ꣡ģǻж𣡡

Բۣ񾭲ĸִˣ
꣬Ҫ
Ȼ㻨ǮǾԲģ


261 
벻룬֮Ϊǵ㻨ǮĺȫˣһҪĳȥ
ǱȽϸɴ࣬ȻǿھþĻ׵·ʱһ߿Ƕٻһûи̫Ѫȵĳ档
ΧĳԽԽ٣ǲʼįվȴתӪĶȥġ
ǿЩֶ룬Ҫվͻȥĺǡ
Ѿʮӡ
˵
Ⱳӻ㻨Ǯ
޵ѹѹҪ꣬վû̹ȻɻſޣֻҪըˡ
û취޴һֲ̧˲εβŭվţٲҾҪֱˣҪȫ涼ҵӣ

Բۣ
˵ͣ٣û޸ҧˣֻʱֱ޳ܵ񾭲ˢˣ
⻰ҪҪôĲҪ
޵ˣҲƤϰɡ
ȻǳЧ
վͣٶûУֱתͳŷɴٳȥ˲ͰѺӽ˹ҿٳڹߣǳŭĽߡ
ٶ̫죬ʮӡ
Ȼվųʧ˶ûı飬ֻ˹޵óѵľЦݡ
بDD
ţһ޴Ĺ
ɴĸЧѾõ˳棬ǻ޴죬ֱŭ찡
Ȼ֪ʱЩܾÿվŷŭ޶Ҫһһ
š
ҪҪȥ
վŽ˦뷿˲䣬ͱ任ס
㶣·ȫ֮󣬺ŭСţǲǸ߹㣬ˣ
վźŭӣҵģôԸ˿ţȫҵģ
վżСޣ嶼һ飬Ŀ̲סҲܿƵķѵ˲䣬ǰ
Сű֣
ʱǺֵʱصǣʱȣѹ
Ȼͷţһ̹ܵҲԸⱻ˴£ЩҲйġ
ԣصǽЩޣϽڳʱ䣡
۵һִ̧١
ϧվ׼Դֱһ䣬Сһתȥ۾ϵĽëƤգգ鶯͸Žͫ׿˲䣬ǹ𻵻Ļȡ
ٴ֮Ļм
屻סʱ򣬹޵ڷŭϯɣס뿪ſСš
ţ

Űվţ޾ƺҲûôҪ
͡
Ϊ룬ķǸ֪һվķ˿ʼᣬ˵϶ת
Ȼ
վһԾ˷ţȻԵһ䣬ʵţ
֮ʧ١
ҧ˶ˣվţһ
վڶ䣬͵ûߵڷɴȴһɫ̫áղţһֱѹƵͷЩǿľǵ񶼱¡
ȻǿûµվŵʱǶЩ鴤
һյӣԾڵĿˡ
վŷ˸ÿİۣ⣬ţϽǣһкҪء
뵽վž̲ס뵽˹ޣµ͸ű壬˰
ϧղ׶ףҿʱ򶼲ҿһͰѹˣĻԲǺ£ʮа˾Ż
ԣΪ˰ȫֱӾ͹˳׼ų޷йһͨ
ôôίԭԺ޺úùһ¶磬ΪߵЩȻ
ߣ
ùЩҲù
վϵϢ粻һɭɭģһǸһǵĶħһǱɱ
Ϣ㵱ˡ
κվûǵվƵץץԴ룬ò˵Һ𣿡
˼ˣǲɱǡ
ϾʱƣҪһ棬ɡ
庮ԼˣȻվźܹɣ˳һ棬ֹвоر۵׵ĿܣֱϹۡ
Ǹ
ȻֻҪֱӾܾȽϺð
ֻû庮˵꣬վŵĴ߾ѸٵĹЦݣǳмƽ˵֪ǶǺˣǺø磬ԣǶӦģԲ
庮ĴԻ£ɴܾǣΧļһЦӦˣ
û
Ӧˣ
庮ֻ˶ˣûüֹվֱӾͷɳȥˡ
ŵӣ庮ܾһֲ̫õԤС


262 
һӺ󣬲õԤȷʵġ
⴮𣬼ִ
Ưŵ⴮
ǰǡ
һ󴮱ĳӷɴǰʱ庮ЩʣµļҲǡ
ͬо˻е۶Ͽŵǡ
ԭ˶ǵͣһסǲǰ¡
ֹ¼ȴĲֺ
ѵǣţȴ޿κ˶򵥰űȽ˼
ԣδ˱ԺٷƵ飬վѡһֹķʽ
ǾǣһǻţȻ˳ı֧ϡ
ԡ
Ƭ̺˶Ǵ㵵¡
һŵĳӭɫݣһģġͦÿġ
ֹ״̬˺ܾá
ֱһСƬĳ嶼󣬲ֹͣ
Լĳɾͣվ̲סЦ
˵ֻ֣ҪˣͻὫǵʬ̵ڻţӦòɣ
ҲͦģϾһġ
ڷɴǾŭ𣬡վţʲôҵҸֵҸֵ⣬Ҹ㣬ôģҪңǲƤϴˣͱ뱧ң
ԣǿһӨӨĶ̲סŻ
úõĶãҪ׶ȥҪ˼ҵһͨ
Բۣ
ֱҪ̫ĺòã
뵽ߵˣȻɵ㶵ĲˣٿΧӵĳ壬һͺ𣬡Ҫĸɾ㣡Ÿ𣡸ɰ

ԭָ˵վŵġˣ庮ֱӷ
ʱ֪ΪʲôϲˣΪڳķࡣ
Ȼ
ԭֹͣȺУ֪˭ͻȻ˵Ҳһ֮˸ӿ϶޻ָܣõ۶ϣˡ
庮˳ǣӦҲǺ°ɣ
˦˸ۣƲɲǺ𡭡
ĵ׵ĸٵǸǺˣΪٿΪɱ¾̫½߾ԼСĸζڴ
עֵһ˾ͻỻȡҩ
ȫţռҪĶ࣬ΪվţΪǹޣڼĬΪϵֻܻһ֡Ǿ㱻ֳ˲ЩѾܶˡ
޵壬ȻոıһЩǻвٵĶطֲţֻΪȲ任ȫû鷳ǲܵġ
λȡҩʱûȡġ
ֻǣƺǲء
룬߻ǾӦùһ£˵žţΪ˵۶ҪŬ
Ϊ˵۶ЦûȤ
߿С֪ʲôˣ˵ΪޣҪŬ
Ȼ˵޵ʱվžͺʹ˼Ѫһĳ
ֻǳĹһһģΪҪռԾʵܶӦԵʱ䡣ǳ಻ͬǶĸһ࣬Ӵɲȵġ
ңģʽ͵񣬷ֹȷÿһǰͺ
庮ԽԽĳ涴ü˵ÿʱǶã
ڲ̨ϣԼС°˵Ҳûãʮʮʮ롭
ͣͣͣߴϸ˵ȥӣ庮ֱӴ㣬ߣܲܿ׵㣬ʱˣ㻹˷ʱ䡣
ʼ򣬡ֲ˷ʱ䣬ǵ۶ûɣǾܾãʱڣǲȫ岻˵ʣ࣬Ҳݻ᲻ϵۻңǻ۵ġ
庮򴽣Ȼ֪ƺû취
Ǹӣȥðգʱܾã֪Ȼ٣ֻүӼᵽҪĻ⣬òء
߳˵Ҳûа취ֻҪ涴ĿռλͺãֻΪǽǿиĹ켣ܻᴫ͵
˵ˣתޡ
ǵѻط
áɤʱ߲棬ֻ·ˡ
վŻʱɲʲô֪վֻ棬ʱΪ׳٣Ҹֵ֪˷˶١
һһֱһһƻ
Ʋ죬ǲܼ
ʱ֪Ǹ궿ˣʮ򰡣ۣû֣˭ϱ׵ء
;Ӧ۵ıԼ


263 
ɨۣ֪ʲôЦЦΪѧˣôϲͻƻأ
˭֪㶼ûá
ƺˣҵڸı䡣

Բۣ
߼ֱĳ嶯ˣ
һɫһ绪˫ʣ߾⡣
һһԺԶⱾ⣬УðеʲôģֻҪס˵ȫҪȻĻԺֵ
޹һЦ֪ͺá
庮ӲͷƤȽڵ⣬뵽ʲô𣿡
üûС

庮˿̶ͷǻеǣԷַӴ治Ķͷ˾ˣ
û취˵ʲô˵Ȼǿţʱ뱣侲ֱ̫ˣرǿǸӣͺ޲óȥ˺
û취Ϊʲô˵أ

ǵĳ涴Ĵˡ

庮üģú͹˵ֱһսⶼʮˣôͻûӦˣ
תۣ庮뵽ص㣬һУô֪ģܣķΧȫ֮⣬ĿǰƼܣô֪ģ
о

Ļش
庮ǣʣɶо
ü޹˵Ǹоʲôо

ٴαܳ庮תͼȥָˡҲĮӣȫ˵ԼҪϵӡ
ôŬķϣһֱһĹ޻ǿˣʱʱָӣսԾٱž档
庮üԭⱻԵӻõġ
Цܱÿ챻ѹá

Լ˾ǲף۴ģǲǿֱӽˡ
ˣ޵һЦ۾ڴⳡսСڴҲڴ𡭡
ʱԲŹ
͹˵һټҪͷȴͻȻһֻ档
Ѿ߼һ˸ͽˣοȫļǻľˡ
ʱ򣬹޲һݣֱٶ£
ǹ޵ָ´ˣȴһʱûл᳷룬ΪͻȻҪһǽȫһš
ʱҲڣɫžţһὫգ׼ãһֱӽ㡭
Ҳ뿪ᶨ˵꣬վŽΧĻȷһ飬һ𹥻һḽžǳ屻ĵطֻһλǡ
סžš
վŹ˵֪˶ΪޣҲܸߣҪ˰ǣֻܿǣߣ
̲סЦǾˡ
ôᣬҰͲأվ
ֱӳ嵽վָŵǿطٿٿʱ򣬸վŵָۣͬʱͬΧˣǿӲȥ
еغƵʱ˲ҵǳٵ뿪
ʱҲˣ޵ľӷǳ򣬶ȴһǵСһ޲Լǵһȥġ
۶ĹͻȻ
ǲɵӣûеˣҲսǴû뵽һ죬ǰҹľˣӡ
ķҲͬɫء
ûжԱȾû˺Ⱥ׶ֻǼǰͨ׵ľӣڿȺӵߵսװˣֻó衣
ķҧŭ𣺡˹ȫҽйǿǽ̳ķ
ķ⼸ŭԭʹ󣬿ǣɣǻϽ͡
ľӣ˭ܿԶֻһȺӱ
ǿ绹Ⱥ޵ľӺλãΪǿͻֻǸ뿪
޿ЦЦҼСŹȻˡ
庮СŶ챻ӳˣ㾹Ȼޣ
ЦЦóһЩֵװЦӯӯ˵ôᣬҼСֻܱҳԵ
˵꣬޵ʧ˷ɴϡ
ڿװʱ;÷ǳ죬Ϊֻ̫࣬һ
ɵ鿴ԼϢĬĬ˵ţһǧҸֵţһǧһǧɶһǧ򣡹ޣҪɱ㣡ɱ㣡
꣬ȫҸֵȻ˲ͱˣ
ޣҪɱ㣡㾹ȻԲۣܼء߼ֱըˣ̵İȻ㱻һˣصǣѾĵǸЩ
һҸֵܿܿ


264 
Ȼ
ߣʱĹ޶
װռΨһһװǾתλס
Ҳ˵ֻҪ㾫㹻ǿͿԱ任ͬĻģʽȻһҲܲסġ
Դһ˫ˡ
ǻ
һ
ʮҸֵһҸֵһѶѣΪʲôһҪô

ˡ
ը߿ʼըڷɴȥȻûһȥο
ǵľ˵վţûܰοסߣȻһޣΪǱѹơ
ڳȥ˲䣬ͽԼ֣УһֵĻ׳֣ŵһ
ܿ죬ͬԣܻͳһ
Ӧ£⼸̲ͬסͷɴӣѾըëߣҺϲ
ߺۣҧе򱨸棬۸ˣ㶼ңôô
Цһעܻ׵ΧһЦûϵ۸ҡ
ƲƲ죬ˣܰˢɫ𣿡
⻰һɴ˶ĬˣʱǲҪڰɣѾȫ  ɫǶôıꡣ
ȻҲųĬֱӾ͵û
Լ߸ίͰͣ㾹Ȼң
ʵǱЩΪѣС˵һ졣
һ¡
졣
һ꣡
˰죬ҧӦһ£پˣ
ͷȻȷʵöˣҲˣĿʼϢ
ǶԻˣ̲סЦ
˼ܰѹŵˣƫƫ˵ߣһｵһ
ߵҲɢˣվź͹ҲĲˡ
վźܶ࣬ǲһεȼǿɲǿװֲġ
޵һֱܵɵĲŻ׺ͽһ
վ˫ĿٵĴŹĹ켣  ƺĳضľС
⽫Ϣʱ򣬹ֻЦЦû˵ʲôȴûż洦Ǹӿٵüɣ˺ȴˡ
ǿȴû뵽Уֻ޴󣬶ȴС֮޵ĲɲһܱȣܿЩ
һУ治ٻΧĳ塣
ٵĻۣһǼһ  Ͷ뵽Ĵ
Ҳ⣬ֻ˫ۺ
վŵ˫Ŀֱð˵⣬֮˫ּĻԪؿʼۣȻʧֻۡ
֮վȻ˫ۡ
ԭ˫ۣ˿Ǳ䣬ɫʱˣһЦ˷ܵ˵޹Ȼˡ
ܵʱ򲢲ǿԼҪһǿĵʦ߲ܲҲΪʲôͻ޷ȫƵ۶ѧȴҪȥԭ
ҪĽһǿĵʦԵôҪ
ⲻŵĽɨ͸˷ɴϵˡ
˿߼н׵ʱ򣬲ΪǼˣ
ǣʵǣվŵͣ߼нס
ҪôΨһһûģžߣΪվŵʱҪҪߴһ㣬ֻ̫˶ѣٳ޷ͻơ
۵ףٶȲģ࣬۵׶Ǵ
ϾԼȫ
ҲԵĿģ׵˲һǰ
ԭ˹޵Ļ׾Ѿˣղţվֱֵô֣һԹһڵ۶˶Щˡ
ǣ֪ȴ÷ʲô˵ˡ
ϲûвսǺŲ裬һߺ͹̸һ߿¼
޵Ĺ켣ˣȻֵĻףĹעȴվš
վŸղڸƺͻˡ
˵⻰ʱЩƣ޵ͻƵľĪ˼ҶҪظ죬ãͺʹһŴԼˣڵҧгݵĸо
ЦţѾˣ벻ٰ֪㣬߼нף۹Ҽϱֱ泬޵Ů

ϳǣһͷˣЦֱַ˺죡

ûֹ޵ٶȸ𣬶ңܸоЩ֣Ȼǿ״ӦòôʱսŶԡǸղţĹûмᣬ˲٣ԼҪӽǡ
˵꣬ٳûлظ뵽һܣĻˣ
ʱ૿ڣС˵ͷ˵ǲӦ·һ˵һ˵ģڿɴ򲻹ˣҲ˵ô죿
үүۣһתҲīˣҪ˵˵ˣ˵һˣͰǿӻˡ
ͻȻƦЦ˵֪ˣԲᰲ
ϳĬƬ˵ݱסɹˣ·վҪԼߡ


265 
ܿͱվҲִ˼ޣһʱЩȥù޷ӦѸ٣ֱӽס
һ֮ĳȫû˵ֱֿӽ̸˿˽
۵ţվŴ˷ɴ߶ûˣֱӾʧǰ
庮ҪϢҲú˵ʡ˷ʱ䡣
ķһʣµȴҪӴܣΪ۶ҪսĹǡ
ߵҲ庮ϵȴ룬ȫûзӦֻú庮˽˴¡
ת̬ʱ۵Щ۸ӣҲֻ̾˿
ϵɫҲЩأֻÿЦһ£û뵽ǧ궼ûгֹ̬Ȼ³ˡ
򴽣治֪Ǻ»¡
˶һۣû˵
ߵıīͱֻ߰ĬĬĿţվʱϤĸоֶ˼֡
񾭷Ӧٶ۵ı߰׶ЩϤ׵ʱָоǶ
īüǳ˳˵治һõķ֡
£ԺҪˮˡ
üǣԺٺ͹޽нȽϺãþԶ׵׵Զ
ȻһЩѡ
Ϊҵܵ벻վš
뵽㣬īμˡ
޴ų˯վŻ˷䣬Ѹٶɨ裬ȷֻ̫죬֧֮Żһ
룬Щ»Ҫһ±ȽϺãīͱ߰ƺԾžЩֵĸоҾӦúúõǡ
Խģʱܷ£һʱỹû취ǵɫܾǺվйϵ¡
ԣЩŲ¡
޵ͷ֪ǣȥ
ߵͷֱ뿪
޵ķɴܿص˵۶ʮȴǻһŰΧ
㣬ж
ķӭǹûһۣȻǹķҲûȨȥ˵ʲô
ʱóܾЩȵʱҲûЩеûˡ
Ϊ˵ĹµҪЩ̬ġ
ǵһֱţʱҲڼ
֪ǲǴܸо˲١
һֱţûĵǼۣҪĵһ£ȥףֺڳ̿ĸо͸ˣ
Ƕ࿴ۣ۵׿˵˧ˣ
Ǽ٣鵽׻Ǻöˡ
һģһϣȴҵ˹
ԭǴ·ģκûüܾͱץסˡ
޵ʱ׼ٻЩ𾪵ģ̲ס࿴ۣˮˡ
⸱һߣ޲ûס
𣬽˵ҵ
û뵽ôɴ࣬ԥԥǲ˵κ˼Ҿǲߣ˵óӡ
Ҳ㣬ĿǰΪֹʺ㡣Ĭ˵Ȼ˼ѡôֻҪͺˡ
Դڷ˵Ĺ˵û˵뿪ֻǾƺȨ֪
Ҫж£ݶվǷΣա
ץЩܣֱ֣ؿ˵
޸Ź˹˼լ
˼լλλģռݵλãԶȻʹҪá㣬Ҳûʹ
˹˼֮󣬹óһżϱֵֹֻһ룬֮ǾֱӳԺ
Ȼ
̾ΣҲڱīͱ߰׵ݣӦҲ˼ǺͳһΪʲô˵أΪ˼ֻһѵľ塣Ȼǡ
ûв죬˵
㱾ǾһԤ֪ʧ٣֪֮Ϊʲôľ屻ͳ֮Ϊػһ壬Ҳǹ˼ңһͬʧǰļ¼ƺѰʲôˣоӦ󡭡
˶٣˵ڻȷСžǲҪȵˣԲѣû뵽屾еֵĶὫշѡ
Ǵһֲ
ңռ¼Ǹ˿ǷǳҪ뿪ΪѰңҽԼǸ˷ˣһվţǲҪ
ΪһүүôǷ
Ϊʲô£ôүүЩҪ֮ӾֵǻϱСӡ
Ҳϣ


266 
޵ɫǳãǷǳǳãңļ侹ȻٷǳĻָţֵĸע룬඼ʼ
࣬ҧֵ顣
ŵ۸䣬ѪˣĹûһο׹
Ѿĸ֪ĵı仯
ĬĬĺЩ޹ʼ磬ҲҪ֪ġҲˣȻûм̫á
˵ʵҲָ
ֵ̬ʱЩͻԶѰҵһĻָ仺ĵȴһĸɴࡣ
ֻǿСžš
㵽ֵš
ǣ㵽ֻҹ޵ˡ
Ҳȷǲҡ
ûгνҲͬ
һֱڣֵ˵ûеõ֤
ǲ͵ǣͺҪһĴڣʱ䣬ܽǷ롣
뵽Сžˡ
һΪһˡ
װ˲ᣬһ룬һôվŵļĨ
һ㻹ȽϺá
ԭ̸ǺܿʹϮҵָдԱѣԵ쳣Ĺ
˷ǳãڹϵ·Һ͸
޲ʹʱ򣬹ԭ˫øˡ
Ϣĸı䣬ˣֻɫҲӸӡ
žϢϢ绨ƲݣͬһĴڣ̲סݺ޾
Ȼһ㲢ûд
ֻıӰѾȼǿߣ̲ס
ϥǲʱ򣬹תϥ
˫ͫᣬˡ
ͻȻЩᣬԼܺӣó˱ˡ
Ҫпʱ򣬹ͻȻڣҪȥСţЩ˼
һ˵סɶ
һЦҪȥҵ󡣡
Ȼ˫ۣŵ²ۣԲֱۣԵ
޹ÿɷ񣬡Ե
գ޵ӰʧڿӰ١
ճ棬ⱲôҲǲģֻǿϧˣȻֻܸһС񾭲
Ҳһֻǲ֪ĻعƬΡ
еĹżֻʣһƬհףɫӵૣֻһأ벿ֵ׼صʲô
޳ֵʱûоκˣ߶ûоϢĳվߡ
վŻڳ˯ȵʹþ峬˸ɡ
޿ʱü価ָͣ࣬΢΢۾ͿԸ֪ʹƵԾƵʡ
ˡ
ΪһʼһԾ㾭ʱգ
ȥһֱЩ֣ΪʲôǾǴһ벻ã;Ҫ
ԭҵడ
޲ճһЦͽס
ҥк󣬿Ǿȴû֮ǿ¼ļ¼ʯ
ǽһ
ֻ֪ʲôӣ
޲࣬۵룬ָرĶͷ롣
˱֣ӣֻԼ˵·
Ĺ˺ܾãʧʱվҲȫȻӡ
һһĶ䱦ʯѪҺʵٶȶʼơ
޹סĴϵ˻ĥɣ׺ݣȴĲ񻰣ҵĺ󡭡
վܾú֣ȴҲ˵ʲôо
ſ˫۵ʱϹ˫ղ˫һۣ࿪ʼ
һЦ绪վŵۣ㶵ĿţǴסһ
С𣿡պɤĶ࣬жˣվŲ֪ΪʲôܾôʲôȴֺӡֻⱧԸ
ޡ
ţСš
վŻЩԺرǱ֮󣬴¶ģûԼı仯
ȴѣ׼ɨ裬ǣ˲䣬ͼгˣС˭
վãȻգգ۾ߣôˣ
ϤɤԼ˫УԲۣԭСǾžţֱֲ̫ˣ
վʶʲô͸Ź޵ͫϸĿԼǷʲôȻ嵽ԡеԼʱȻֹסĻϲ
ޣҺһվЦ绨ķȻ󳶹Լķһ˵û˱Ҹ㣡
һЦŵɤڷ䣬ɫֱϣΨ㡣
Ψҡ
š
޵ͷϵЦʱѤá


267 
վŵӦԶȹΪĻҪ죬ֻǣȴȫ
йݣǹޣҲֻ뵱ޣȥκûȤ
˵Ψһһĵ£žǣȻΪԼ࣬ΪļįΪˡ
ֻϲԼֻԼֻΪԼĴڡ
á
޿أ˷ܣ۵׵Ĺ˼֡
ɨ˼β۵ߣһյĿվţ޳ֱӾͽɢֱ˳ȥ
عߴٽȥúõĿԼޱȵȻֹˣ
߶ţôԽԽѶԸˣ
Ȼô̫ˡ
ǰãֻǺܶѣڣ֮ҾȻֵôϢһ
Լ°ͣĳ񣬾վɵ㶵Ĵˡ
߱ɢվֻգգۣǺ⣬Ͼֲϡ
վ˵޵ϣԴϸĿָ̧գֱֻĸоܾã벻ˡ
ָıԣĸ֪ȴ뷴һ
ϰԵԴĶ󣬷β͹޵ͷ࣬ۿɼľš
ֱָۣϣȻɱ䣬ȴȾ˵ر𴥸У֮۵״롣
ʧ񣬹ЦԶֿ
վŵͷָ̲סϣѪҺ쳣˷ܣǳã޾ֻһ˵ˡңһָо  á
վžԼƻˣֻҪӵ
ָоļңֻҪ޿Լ;ò뷴ĵ׵ĸо
һһͬƵģ
̧֣·ȫĨȥЦ˵Сʲô
վ۵׵ɫΪЦĻ࣬ĵЩգ㡭
ߵѵüټԸıݣͰͲסֻǵ붺̬ҡ
ƺ̫ûмˡ
ֻֻΪһ˼䣬ЩȥڼʱʼתҪû
޷ѹ£ָһڴǣСţҺܿģ㡭
ϣĴ
ϤϢЩԣȥǻһϵĶתš
Լӵȫһ֣벻Լ
Ҳһ
ӵͬģͬǿռݶԷͼá
޵ԽᣬָĻСţϲƬ𣿡
վűЩ룬˫۽ҲֻҪõ࣬ƫƫЦţĴ𰸡
վϢЩңҧŴǣһ˵ϲϲĵط
һЦĽȦ£ҲʼסૣǣǾˡ
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޾Ŀű仯վţ۵״ŵɫԴӱӣƺͬϢһܶࡣ
ıʯϣָ˵㣬ͼЩƵɫǵĺָˣһЦ
ֳıԴ
ʱΪʲôء
ΪҪһ˰ɡ
ֻǺȽߣΪ巢̫£޷տҲЩ̰ģϣòһ
ڣȷʵһˣ˸񣬲ңɶš
޽ڻ˽˿ơ
վ㶣ͽȦסվºôԻûӦɤŵɳƣ޺ᡭ
Сϲ𣿡Ĵ̲סЦ£ٴظϲ𣿡
ϲվŵͷǹȥһǳɴĳϡ
޿סĴֻ꣬ҪСϲͺãһһֱϲӡԶǡ
վŲֻҪȡϵϢ
˶ԼȫȻ⡣
庮ù޾ǹޣô仹ǹޡ
ˣڵӢ֮ȫ񶼺ʱ򣬲ýȥ
ȻԼҵ񾭲ʲôء
һ󰮸
¼ֱùӡ
ǣЩʲô
ԳҲûȤǮĲǴ۵Сۡ
ķ庮Ѿʼ̲ͣס˿ȣǸȻҰѱ߽Ǹǣлǵİ
庮˦ۣʮš
ķǣһԵĸ˹أԼҶһۣ˵С
š
ԣֱ


268 
ȻоǱˣΪҪЩӣͼӣ׼˵Щʲô
Ȼ庮ֱ˸˵Ǿô˵ˣҺæɣݰڡ
˵ţ߾յĲˡ
üģķǷˣЩˣûһġ
ճǣ;ͳˣȻֱӴ뿪
ȵ˼ź󣬷ͽѹǽϣʹף˵̫æˣҲġ
庮ûİһۣƿҵǲæҾֻæˡ
㲻ҡ
û㣬ÿ춼Ҫѹեҡںæ˵˵ţ庮߾Ϳʼ˸⻰˵ô͸оôĽأ
ͲŹԼ庮ЩŭϽſңĺæЩںӿɶҪҸ𣡡
·͵Ϣˣ˫һУߡ
ϰ嶼չˣӸܼҲûʲô
棬˵ʵڵʱڣǷ˲˼¡
ϧˣʱ̫æÿ춼æźЩ⺺һڣôҲУǾǣΪƣεԪطſգĹϵȻڲ֪нˡ
Ȼ弼ûС
ơ
һֱ۵Щ飬ȴû˵ʲô
ߵһ꣬練æµˣΪЩѡϰ
ǰĻǵǶԣҿ˳۵ġ
ڣǺδ㻨ǮʧˣԣƺȱǮȻȱǮǵȻ̫ѡ
̫ô졭
ΪǰһսǵȻ˸ŷ
ڣɶǡ
ɶѡһ
ʵǣȷʵɶѡ  ȫģʲô񣬶СС֡
񾭲ܲˣܼҶɶɶԣʱǺǮĴʱ
˾ô֮һ鼫á
˵ΨһõʲôžȺѧԺѧԱˡ
ΪڼʶǿЩҲμγˡ
Ȼǵʵģ֮һֱ˵ͳĶ࿪ģֱ͸ˡ
Ϊ⣬԰ֻίˡ
һȫԱ궿֮ЩƹˤҲ
ǵ¾Ȥ
˵ôôϣûЩҪǣ˵һȺˣһǶ򲻹
̺ǾЩŭȻ˵ʵ
룬һ˵Ƕûô֪Ǵ򲻹
ãһ˵ǵ»Ǻ롣
ԭװưǵ˼ֱǺ޼ˣ˵ˡ
˵ΨһˣҲǾӢˡ
Ϊϵǵİǲò
·ǰͷ˶ֱƵĸоץԴ˵ǲ񾭲ƨðбºСүһȥ򣡡

·ǲܲ˵ӣЩѧԱǶٻ֪ģڵ˲䣬ֱѡ˳Ĭ
Сֻ󣬼ˣԼҲ˵Щʲô룬һԴ˵һȥᡣ

¸Զԡ
˵ֻ׵
ҲǣʵǺͿԱһ̫ˣǶЩΨ²ҡ
ʱջĶ࣬˼
ң˵УҲСء
֮ǵ£ǵôˣҷǳɴľҪȥ߽
ʱҲæɿϰԵģ룬ȫͬ⣬
ǣӭ˲òԵĳ塭
ڵõĵڶ죬˾ͱ˷ɴΪ˵ȥͿѧ֣
Բۣ
ǼֱǲҪ
Ȼǻǲò̤·̡
ķ֪ʱѾ˵ص㣬ڣҲûˡ
㣬Ǻ˵̫ǿԱһϵϣ
ֵǣ
ǵĻ˶Է磬ܿǾͷģΪʮںҲȥˣΪǱ߳˳壬ȫϸ
Ҫǣ
ʮںӣԸȥģ
Ϊ˵Ҫǡ
֪ʱ򣬻ڹ˼լ˯ǱǿקģĿȺˣȻ޲ڣ˵ʲôûð
Ź˦˦֣εʼ磬ȥ£ĿǰΪָֹЩСûʲôãСС֣¡ɶ£ҲǱ

ͻȻ֪˵ʲô
ͻȻĵֻڻûָѣԺлָʱѵҪһûһֻǼŵˣѵָս
ͻȻ
Ÿȣ˵ǲ׵ɲ۴ˣѡˣһˣǸȻаġ
˶٣ͻȻЩƵ°ͣοզȥֻһڵ۶ѲǷ˲ԴȺСӣƾͼǮʱôϲУͷҲȥһǷ׬Ǯ£ҵȥˡ
ͻȻҪߣ˵أ
벻İڰ֣ĵǧ굥ȫϱѣҪ׬ǮУ˵Ҳ
ͷ
ȻʱߵĹȻʧ


269 
æ˶ȥæˣ˿̻ѧԺİ˹ȴӵһ˵
׼˵Լĵܵܵ˹
˵æ
ԭǳǰҪޡ
Ҳֻ֪ˣʵվš
̫ûˣõΪһôãǹ޲
ֱӵĸоڹ̫ˣǾɲ֪˵ʲô۶һսҾܾˣôҲʸܾ
ֻǣܾЩء
֪ʱҲֻüԴ˲⡣
ֻǣûкվŵദãֱӱˡ
˿ȻܵҪԡ
˿ʱվЩ죬Ĵǰ˿
ڵ̬֣ȴò˼顣
˿ʱ򣬾Ͳˮûˣ˫۾޲ó
üվʱֱ֣Ӿ˦˱ӣ˳ȥɾһ㶼ˮ
ԭǻǴ㲻˵ģϾ⸱û취ͣǹȴ˵û£綼ҪԣҲֻˣպã˿Ǹġ
Ҳȷʵܿ죬˶֪ޱӣȻֻǹ塣
Ǿһս۶ǵĹ˸ϴơ
뿪Ĺ壬еʲȫ乫ˣҽȼƸı䣬εĹ壬ҳûܶණ˸ġ
֮ãŰ˹嶼ۣܵһ겻
ķӦһˡ
ķڵ֪󣬵һޣûԹ
ӵʱ򣬹ķ϶¶˾ޣ̲סĭǱ˹رˣŻָ
  ķЩ˼Ĵӣֻÿ˱ųվš
£Ÿ˹ض̲ס졣
ԭվŵ͹ˣڣȻֱ˼֣ǰ뻭ֱǹǰ
޵ֱؿڣ¾˵
Ȼϰ˹ޱӣǰǣ⸱ӣҲˣȻǲ˵ġ
ķԥ˵߶ڴɶˡ˵ܸܽרòôǱֵĵһˡ
˵ʲô
ȿȣǸ˵Ҷ㾭ʲôܺ档ղ庮˽ͣ˵Ķ֮󣬲֪ʲôűӣǡšվɶ˼վţķĺܺ档
͸Ѫɫʹ⣬͵Ĳԣˡ
оܵĹķ
ߣü£
ķ˳ǣǸ֪ѧԺѧˡ֪ģҪԸЩ壬ҪԸЩ壬ֲܵǳ⡭
˻ῴǡ
ǣֱӺ߶ϵûǲ
üû˿ɹʲô£
ķü˵صǣھһ㣬Ҫˡ
򴽣һЦϣҽ𣿡Ҫͷʱ  ͻȻЦݣ˵ûȤ
ķ̲סҵĿԣղŵĻش˲ӵ˱
ǸӲͷƤ˵ķûҪһ  ҿԸȨȫȨ
ûȤ

޹Ȼô䶼ԭӣӲԣ˺޼ӣ
ҧҧķɶ͸ɶȫ߽ĸﶼɣֻҪ֣ɶûУ
ðȥֵذɡ
ƮƮһ仰ûѹķҭǺôԸˣܹǷˣ˿ãȺֵҲ֤ˡ
Ȼķܿͺˡ
ڴӦֻ֮һӣ۶ʮԱȫ˱߹أ
Щȫδ򣡲ΪĹϵܻơ
Ҳ˵ȥȥˡ
ֻǹķô룬뵽ԴڣվŰԡ
֣վŶﳤʱǸȻЩʳﶼʮֵģζ֮ȷʵúܺá
˵ǿһ߶һҲǺˡ
ȻֿκΣǼܲסǿȨ
˹⣬ﻹһȺȻΪ׬ǮʱᱩߵĿԱ
ڿԱ۵ףΪǰȺǲʧȥ׬ǮĻᣡ
ԣӭǵģǺǡõδ
Դӳ幥һжǻع죬ͷ·Щ²һ
۶ٿٵĻָڲȴѸٸĴ档
ͬڼزȨ̸ͻȻֵһȺϡ
ȺˣȻĹ͹Աŷ  ֻǲ֪£Ҷڱ͸


270 
۹ȶʱѾһԺ󣬶ʱ򣬹ӭһˡ
𰲡
˹Ĺܼҡ
ͬʱĻŵУ
ǵʱ򣬹޲ûо֣Ϣһ¶׼ʱȺҪѵʱŻٵһ㡣
ʱ򣬰嶼ѾѾ˺ܾãֻǲ֪ô
庮ʱһιڵ˹£þһֱл㱣  Ҳͱò֮
ŵãֻȱһ첲ǰǻش庮⡣
˵²ˡ
庮סǡ
ŵͷԭǴֻǵ±Ƚϰ棬Ϣʱ⣬ʱڲܻ֮ǰϣ˹¿飬ûдӦܼеҪ
ֻ֮˹ңܿһֱʧҡץ˵£֮عȴڶ̶ڣǹ廹ʽԱ滻ʶʱ򣬾ͱˣǺǿͻƷߵġ
庮ͷ˹ޣɱƽƽ
庮ſ˵֪Ⲣǿֹ£֮ǰ۶幥ڲҲڵ
ŵͷ֪ܰǵֻй١
ƺһξһΣϾʮǰĳƺˣվŵǾú档
üȻǣҪȡղسΪǾĿǰΪֹųɵĹͬġǾãǻǸҸ
ҸҸֻԼ֪
ݵʱŵÿɷ
֮ǰû֮ǰǾ̫£ǰָܣߣֽ֮˹ļִָһִĹ塣
һׯׯڹŷǳߡ
ŵƬ̣ӿռȡСƿҩȻ˵֮ǰʱһеõģǸߵҩʦ˵ס࣬ȻܣҲݻԡ
ʱ˳ֱӽӹץס⣬ס죬Ͱҩ˽ȥ
һɱƣ
һγԳ˻Ķ
ȻжģϵͳĶһֱð
ߵ۾ģû仯ֱü˻˵𣿡

庮ԽԽˣʮа˾Ǳڵġ
˵ÿ춼վױٸ߸ߣȻûһ׹ǣֱʹ˼ѪһưվڵӣҪ
ڣÿ챻ᣬһϵͳˡ
߼ŵ˵Щ̫˷ˣĶãǿ޲ϵͳ©һǵԴ档

̫˷ˡ
Ҳ뱻ðһɶǸһĶ˵ɶɶ  ɵһ
üأ
߷˸ۣز൱ǷᣬȻӵǲվŵС
վſڹϣڰ˹޵ֹС߹ԡ
ôһ䣬߾ЩƮƮȻ˫Լ  һϵӣŻ˵ֶһʯȡģߣôܵ˰Ӧøϴ裬ˢȿˮһɳ޵дԡ

⻰ôо˵ˡ
ֻǣ⵹ǿˣȻС˵ûб仯ҿԸоҵô¶ӡ
ŵüģôʹõļֵҪߺܶ࣬ΪÿҪʹ֧ҩ

˵ЩİѶôطˡ
Ӧֱڻ׻ԵϣǷַӿһߵȻսӵĽడ
˭Ҳ벻װϾ˵ûǸ׻ϲˮ
ôһ˵˶Щ
ҩֱȻBUGø׻ԲʯֻҪЩҩѣֱޱȣ
ž˶˹ޡ
üϣ뵽ϵķӡһ㶡
ү̫ܵ죬¸ˡ
ƺ֪ʲôҡҡͷ˵򿪵Ҫ̫ࡣ
˼ԣͷԾǺ˷Ǯ
СͰ͵ͷͶԼϱãģСء
˵ˣֱӵͷǸģŶˣʮںӣԼҵĻףͶɵ
庮ûһѪޣǹҴ£ôɾӣ
üһЦվŵЦӯӯ˵ѵһȺå𣿳ֵغ٣ǻʲô
վ̲סһЦҲҪȥ٣

Ⱥںǵϴô˵֪᲻档
ľˣ˰ٵ㣬åˣ


271 
Ȼ˵ȺںåˣΪͷӵȻҲõȥ
οվŻ˷ܡ
ҵ£һֱϣɲΪǸ˿ԽƵϣûڱƲӦòôܡ
ǣһʱȴ벻Щˡ
ʲôӦҲұˣĿǰΪֹƺûȫų˼Ҵûн¶һ
˵ڣû㶮˼ĸ
˵һ׵ͷôҪɹ˼ҳ浽ڵԭˡ
ʱǳʱȷʵ˲ٺö
ǣЩҪģҪǣѾ⡣
˵˶û̫ķӦ⣬һ˷ܣǾǰȡ
Ļ˵˶һɢѹսûȤǸȤ׬Ǯ
ԣΪֹ˵ĲӶڼǰ״̬
ǣ޿֣Ϊ۸ӵĹϵѹûȥǣΪǿɱˣ
ңΪһǮļеأһҲǺġ
ǮʹĥҲǲģǮûҲܰȫ
ɾΪΪΨһһ״ıӣǸͷĹ¾ͺޡ
սʱ˶ʹ˼Ѫһ
ǰΪһ̱ˣڴˣھͷǳã
ˣ
һԣղŵʱ򣬹ķһͨ
Ȼ˵ǽųǧ˵˵е¶ǣҪ嶯Ҫԣǧ򲻿˽

ʱѾˡ
ǳֵʱֱֱӵķѸٶͳһõĶȽ豸
޵ָһûһµĵţߵĹķβĺֱֽ֮ͨͣͨǰ˵
ľǿ

ǳɡ
޼ǳ鴤˹§ŻվţЦúòˣҾ㡣

ķԼĿίǣص⻹Ҫ˵
룬ķӲͷƤ˵⣬ɴСǽĹϵչ˲תĳ̶ȣҡ
ھЩʧˣ̲ס²ۣ˵Ǹ˶ܿЩ˲˺𣡾룬ͬ𣿶ͻˡ
ȷŰ²ۣûЩսɴ𣿶ͳһʲôزˡ
ķ˲ͷĺǰһϰס

һֱ϶ԼŮǷôȷʵǡ
˵ʱõԷҲᷢʲô⣬ϾһһЩƫŶԡ
޾Թһֻǿ˵ûв롣
վţվҲ̧ǹӨӨЦ⣬ˮ㴿⡣
۵һǣԴţСţֻܶЦ
վŵԴ˫˫ķû۵׵ռ
ļٿںϣܶʱվţأܶʱҪڱŷʱػ跢һ
ļ䣬Ҳǡļ䡣
ĸоܲˬϲĸоãԼС˶һԼӡ
ķѶĸоԽԽ
庮ͻȻվŷüͷ
ԴӱӺ  Ϣǳиı䣬ֻҪվţͻȫܿƵӡ
ңߣ̶̼죬ʹԭºͱñ塭
Щʲô
̧ɨûֻͣ˵ˡ
仰˵ɣҲ淢սңڵ˿ڡ
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뿪ʱվһ  ãȴǿߣ˵ңСš
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޻Ҵߣ򴽲ֻ
庮ҡҡͷľȨġ
´˲䣬뿪ʮȴͻȻ֣һֹжս
ǵıʲݱսԲûнɱʧȥж
Ϊܿͱ֣֮ǾȻѡͬھķʽ
ָΪչ󣬹޵һݣ߳õķһλϡ
վŰº󣬹뿪
庮ס˯еվţЩǡ
ʹ˿̳֣ҡҡͷ˵ǵ£㲻Ҫ롣
庮ʧЦֻǾʱƺ£֪ٻὫչֳǡ
̾Ϣ㵣ģλΣ޵Ը֪Ҫ㵲Ҳס
ֻ֪Ǿã⼸ƺ̫רˡ
ǰѯվŵٷǳбҪʱŻ˯⼸죬޼ʱػʧȥʶƵĲб˿žЩ
庮ĵĲԵ޹ʣԴת  ԽԽ
۶⣬˵սս˵ʮͷ䣬ڣغ˿ڵĹչ



272 
֪ĵģ˵ûûʲô
Ѹ뿪˳һСͷɴϣղſиӰ
Ľȥ󣬷ɴģƺûʲô
ֻǣܿ죬ͱһӰס
һݣƽվţϲϽסĴ֡
ӣԶ㱾ӻҪÿɳƵɤرǻ
ʱ򣬹ü˵١
ǺǡҲǣҺӦͬԴŶԡֻǣҺһͬ뿪ʱ򣬱塣ϧˣҲϲ
Ҳʶ㡣
ɤȴԶŭ
㾹Ȼ˵ʶңƾʲôʶңǧ꣬ʲôȻԼûһڵˣһԣ
θɡ
Ȼйϵǧ꣬Ұ㣡˵ɤԽԽɫĴҲƵøϲڵӣԶΪʱҪ
ſҡ
֪ûȫָɭɭһЦΪôֻ꣬ҶԸΪЩ˵ͽûлؾ֮ǰܵơ
ڵӣǲȥ㾹ȻҪѵ֪ԤԵĽѾǶᱻ˯ϣͻӿռĨ
ͦá
޵Ц⣬Щڴ
ֱŭǶǵ㾹ȻҪǣ
޲ÿɷǱǱˣһΣΣ
һ󣬺ܿʹӺת̬һͷ˳ֵʱ򣬹۵΢
ǰģû֮ǰ㲻ģǸù㽫ǵȫΪʲôӣһԲԣǸԣͰֹ𣡡
Щʲôϵ˵ķŭƺԶƽӣվһŵı塣
˼۵׾ԳԣȻйϵӦңһδһԶĵطҡ
޹ȻһЦƺû˵ֻǴ뿪ضѣңԤԡ뿪֮İԭ׻᳹ʧʷǻţΣЩȥŶԡ
㾹Ȼȥ
ֹݵʲôãûˡ
ƬΪ㾹Ȼ˵ûˣ
ǱǸӣԭҪƷӡʯǲ˯
һ˫Щ죬ͻȻħһģģҲǹģҲ֪
һʼΪ㣬ΣҺθɣ
ģҵΪ㣬Ϊ㣬Ҳȥһ㶼룬һ𡭡
ţֻ۵ȴãȻҲʧȥ㡭
򴽣˽԰ҵıԴı䣬ڹ黹ȥ
Ȼ˫˫ĿҲỹģ֪ʲôҪҪԶ㣡ҲģԶᣡ
ָ̧֣Ԫ֣Ĳֹ룬ʿɶֹ
ֱʱͻȻ˳԰׵ȫǶĿ㻹ǵңǵҡҸǧ꣬ҵ֣Ϊǡ
ָϵݽʧ䣬ǿд
ԶԼʱгҪҲҪ
޽У󻺻Լ塣
عʱ򣬹޵˫ĿȻ任ӣԭѪɫеӡ
ǵ˫ֻڿʱŻת䡣
̲סʹޣָɵģҲĪӡ
˫֣ų׸ıѪ·ΪӰӣȴ˽ԳıԴԽĺŪ룬֪
ʱ뻹ڼ֣û뱾ԴԶ޷ߣ

ԭΪأܶ飡
޵ϢȻеס΢΢ͽѹѪۣˣδ飬ΪҰԼд𣿡
յô᲻֪أǣû˵Լд
ŭ𣬡ܵͷģ
Цᡣ
Ŀ϶쳣ܣΪ೶ƣޣΪ𣿡
Цθɡ
ƮƮһ仰ͻȻЦ
ŭ𣬡ΪʲôԶӣΪʲôûϵҵǧӰӣÿȫΪд𣡡
޳ӰΪΪɶ飬ɶģƫ˽Ϊȫ㣬û˵Ӱӵʸ񡣡
Ϊ
ʳǧ徫壬Ϊң룬˵Լ𣿡


273 
˹޵Ļɫѿò˵ΪҲʳǣôܽӽԴ
ЦôΪң
ɤͻȻ̲ס£˵ҶΪ
Ե£Цĸˣұڻһ㣬ɢŹǵϢȥһΣ
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˲ĵĺ˼۵׽һӰӣҪΪΪû֮ǰǾԲġֱŻһ𡭡
ҪߣȻۣаɫֱܳӲס
ʧȥޱԴ֮ԾѾñȻǹ޵Ķ֡
뷢˺ݣ屻жϣƴ˳ȥ
Ŀ꣬ɴеվš
ԭ  ƺһУһҪˣû뵽޸ǧ֮ãǶռ
ԭΪǸСﲻһ߶ѣֹĻָǳڵӡ
ûϵھͿɱ
DD
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ֹһ
޻̤ȫȻǵĹһضݵ̬̲סʧꡣ
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սǱͣ
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ղţһˡ
һ˲䣬ͻصվŵߣһͽ˻
˫۳ղ壬Ƕ΢΢üָϸϸգǴŵЦ⡣
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ԴվŻָӣЩˣŹⷬӣòûκνҡ
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ԭɫӣٿ˲ͱѪӣѪҺɫ
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뵽վţīЩ̡
ʷϼأһǧ꣬δ

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ӳΪһûб߼ʵΣΪ˿Խһ
ںòҵˣȴͻȻԥˣϾǸŮǡ
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ҧҧīǿջ˼
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īҧǿȻ̧ͷɵӰʧˣǾĳҪ˯ǧꡣѾǧδΪӶ𣿡
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بDD
͸˹޵Ķʣ˫Ⱦɫֱӽ˷ɴһǣ÷ɴһ޴𶯡
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274 
ʢŭֱӴ͸һǣֱĨֻʣ°
ݵĵŭҶ˵һ䣬Ҿʧ
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ǿǧ꣡
˲ͷԷɡ
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վŴһ˫ͬĺֻš
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վҲǣ˵ıһޡ
īƺҲںֻ뽫Լ֪˵
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վҡͷһ㡣
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վƻ£Ȼͷ֪
˫ĿͻȻЩס°ͣڣǲǲ㣿ҪֻңǺΪʲôҪΪЩûõˣ
û֪ԭֻԼ֪
ĶʼţΪ롭
Щ˲ʱߣˣ˾ͺãֱģ
˷ܼױȵĿ֡
Ǻ֣ûвʱʼδ롣
ʶģ뷨뷨ԽԽºͣҲԽԽꡣ
Ϊȫ
겻Ϊڣ
ʷֻ֪ռǧ꣬ȴ֪ΪʼɲŻһǧ꣡
۵ף죬Ȼȫ
վżŭһ㣬ͻȻļ˵ΪڣŲµΪ֪ҾͿԶ㣬ұʱ޻塣֪ҪͷѪȣҲ֪ΪǧٲΪҾడ
ͻȻס
վſһЦȻҺҺܿġΪȥû꣬ܶ˵㣬ҿԡǸʧɡ
ղ˵ʲôɤ૵
˵Ұ㡣վſĴһ˵ǧҶܿģΪÿʱÿ̶ңֻ࣬п㣬ҲŻš
ɤЩɬֻôЩ¶ƺ̫ãһˣȻ޷Լ
վĶͷϱʯϵһǣһ̣κʱˡ
ܸٴμ  ҵ
ҵ
Ǻþûء
̲סüֻ˵ҵ
û룬ټ棬ϲӡ


275 
ϣֻһվܰ޵ŭ
Ϊֻһվֵȥ˼ϲŭ
֮ͻȻһֵ˶ֵġ
ֵĸоƺжų⣬ڣǾһˡ
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½ĺѸ١
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ΪˣȻԷʲô֪
ңμս˶ûǸʲô״
庮ʵҲЩɣ˵ҪѪĳ嶯
Ϊ
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յĸл֮Уһ
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۾תתСĿᣬȻ뵽һӼһĸоʵĳһֻȡζԪء
ôһ룬߾Ϳ죬ֱӾȥСͷĴ꣬Ȼ󡭡
Ż
תͿʼŻ̲סˣһǸζֱһš
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ޣ¡վŽȦסİҵļңҲܲȥѪҲȥԶ
Ҳ롭
˵ļѼˣһ㶼룬ȫ롣
һȥվžͱסǸڰСΪ
ߵ磬ͻᱻʴޱȡ
վԴɫĿЦ˵ޣǵעұԣҺܿġ㣬ɻƬؾ磬Լ֧磬Ҹоǳгɾ͸С
ǡ
վŵָЦӯӯ˵ǰûʧңǣҲҲҡ£ҲұˣֻҪû䣬ǾԶһġ
Ҫֱ֪սᣬǶԶһ𡣾ҲҪһ𡣼ȻԶ޷룬ǵʲôأʲôʧȥԷǿֲأ
ֻǺ¡ૣЩʧЦҲ룬ѧĸ顣Ҳ룬ǻķʽһ
ˡ
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ס̲סЦСţ밮㡣
վſһЦ˫ļͷŴ˵Ҳ밮㡣
һЦǵ֯ò˼顣


276 
߶ôã߾жô⡣
Ϊ޵ԣ庮Լڳɱرǣˣĳϵǡ
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ҵ£ȻһŵҪ޵ˣڰºǻǿǿɱˡ
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ǣȴԼΪӽ룬֮ǰΪߵԮֻ̫࣬ЩѧԱָǲõģԣóˡ
Ȼһָٻġ
ɱ¾ս  Ϳһ
ŹڿȦģһ߳ţһָָ㣬ȻԲֶûС
Ϊ˶סˣ
Ȼܣǣ˭˼Ǹżִ߰򲻹
˼ҵҲԣΪ˶Ȼܺó
ΪѧԱڼʶսĿֲ
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ʼʱǶŵΪܶ򲻵ǵϣǺǷ֣ʵѵһѸ١
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̲סϵߣ̲ס죬˵ͷӣЩСѻǲģٻ˽ˣ̫ˣһͰѹſˣ

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˼ֱ棬ǲǵһμ𣬶ĺŬܼ֣ĽܶడΪʲôҪֱǳ裡
ˣǴŻ̫ʧ߰Ȼ˵ǵģȴΨһżߡ
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Щ㵣Ҳûãô
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ûҪΪҼӵĻûҪͲǧǰˣȻ˵ֹսʵΪһֱûƼˣǡ
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㶣̫ס
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ڷɣĵǰҼӣȴûдһʼͽѹףȻΪԼķʽǳսһҩǡһʧȥԴôȻյӰ졣
ҩ
һָõҩлһ˿رЦ£ǹҼӡ
Ҳ˵һʧҩҲʧЧˡ
ԡ˵Ľ˵ȻҼӣô
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ÿһ֮˵ǰǳСӣСӣ㿴ڣһһҼӣҪ𣡡
˸ۣҿǶʼɣ
ϳǣ̲ס˵ҪиÿһӣɲҪ
ʱİ죬ȴҲгȻԱĻ
ŬΪǺ֪ķ֣жô֪


277 
û뵽޻ôٶȣֱӽ½ȻЭ̵ķݣ£ƺݵİ취
ֻǣ˹ȴʧ١
ں֮ͺܳĬΪ˹ִ£ȴûչ˺иС
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ԥ˺ܾú𰲻ùްѰҡ
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ޣ½Ұɣҡû˵꣬ڳ˵˵߶ϣ˼Ƭ̲˵ֻǾãٺһ𳤴󣬲֮Σ˵ǡ
ޣȥɡ̤軹ԥҪôͣĬĬЦЦ
ǾȥɣУߡ޲ûֹֻǻЩ
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֪֪㶼ʲôһսʿһ࣬㾹Ȼ
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Ϊʲô֮ǰûӦأ
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Ǻңҷʱ뿪ˡ䣬̤˵쳣ýҺɡ
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ڣŭ𣬻ޱߵԹ
˵ϲˣǾһʹŵ⡣
ǣʲô˶һĹˣ
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ס
ôϲ
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Ϊʲô˵ϱôʹ
ɫԽԽѿץĿڣֻʹʹȺ޺廹Ҫܣܵޡ
Ҳȷʵˣȫֹס
ƺʧȥʲô
̤ĬĬվۿޣҺңڲǻ޴룬Ҳҵ˸ػˡ˵Ķԣϣ˶иߵ·ԣˡ
ˣ˵Ļ
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һֱǿţҪңҪңҪɣҪɡ
ڣˣ׵ķ֣Ȼİˡ
̤ͷ̲סһæתʱ̤æͣǸҡ
ҡҡͷֻ㣬˵
ɴڽĿţ·綼ֻѹֻ˳Ŀ޳ȫй
ʶԭʧȥ̤ʧȥ޸ܡ


278 
Ǳججųģ˵һ·˺Ѱʹ³ġ
̤ûйǰţں߸š
һη֣ԭ̤ôˡ
ʱ˫ۺԶ㣬۵㺣档

ڣһˡ
̤ɴ̤˵ɵʱ̲ס
ɫЩӵĿǸһ㣬Ժῴ𣿡
֪Լ˶˵ڵģֻǾã֪
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˵ôЦ˵ڣԺǵ˵ġ
ɫ̫ѿѿ˼㣬毺ãһҲԵЩª
߬ȭͷЩʣңôĸ飬㾹Ȼôң
ȥģ˴ۿԼܣڣʲôȻǸİһĿԼ
ʹ
һ̵ȻˣȥҲ㿴
̤סû뵽ӡ
һֱû˵ֻŹ߳ŵЦ
ӵʱ̲סǱĴߡ
ӡˣЦ
зȵһ
ЩЦֻòˣ˵ûн۵ס
ֻк̤йϵʱŻ˵䣬ʱƺһĴڡᣬ˵޷ӡ
Ŵڲǿɡ
ɬһЦԼƺñЩϡת뿪ͷҡ
ߺ̤վԭأ˵ҡ
̧֣ҡҡͷ˵֪˼ܽ͡
̤һЦȷʵ㶼֪
֮ĬҪ˵ʲô
վһ࣬ŽнԶ۵˼
庮ԭע̤ϣһֱķЩ⣬ޣ
˸ϣӦ֪˹λá׼ȷ˵ʣһСλãӦúйء
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վ̧߸׷ûʧЧ
ʱ㣬ӦѾʧȥЧ˲Ŷԣ룬һԵõĴ۾̲סŴ۾˵ָˣ
һİȻ
վŲЦ߰գ
ˣҲˣŲСվһ࣬½˵žţ㲻ҶԲԣ
⼸վ̫ˣܶʱϵͳʱ䶼ϵͳﶵת֪ʲô
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¾ѵվûǹӷ񲾢øƽͣңκϵ
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ҿ㡣֪ΪԼã߾ǾģôܵĹϵˣΪʲôҪԼֿ
½ǣžţҲҾϲ㣬ʱҿԸƣԶһ𡭡
˵ģޱֱӾɨ˹һ£ֱӻˡ
ӣ˵õгϢһأ
ȻЩȴûֹվţվűߣէһ൱г
վԴκδڶҪռɣҲǣҲϣһ᲻֡
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ߵϢСĿŹޣ۵Щ˵ĸо
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ΪΪ
û뵽ԼĳȻиһϵͳ
ɵӣҷǳϾԵĴڡ
г򶼹һ飬͵͵ͬһ߽ǲ̤ĵط
ȥ֪֮ԭǱǸ
ôЦȴΪ˽
֪˺ܶ죬Ǵγ˯ʵΪΪԼ侲
Ҳ֮ԹԽԽǵԸ⡣
ĬĬĳĽСߣüԾ䣬Ц˵ôķϣ°ɣСžأ
վŶڹ޵ĻƴӣȻǿ飬ǻġ
˵Դվ˵ĵĻҺˡ
ʵǣûģÿ춼÷ḻʣȻЩǺˡ


279 
֮վŵļ£ȥЩ궿ӵˡ
˵ôʵǸͲסҪͳϷʱ䡣
֪ͻȻתս߹صʱ̲סüͷ
ƺڼеҪж¸ոᣬʣһƬҪȻ;ȥ߹ˣ
ЩͷֱۣӾͺ͹ϵˣ߸սͨϾŭ˵ӣɶֻڣɨβھȻֱӴ˵ĵؽ磬Ӳȥ˱߹أ
ǱȽϽ
߹ضиҪ򣬶۹Ϊ·ռݵı߹ߺܳ·Ļĺ˷ʱ䰡
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ܳ˵ˣڶæŶԸ壬ʱ˵൱ò⡣
˭˵ûʱ䣡¸ոոңΥһٶǼͷѾʮڣ
ңصǣΪѧԺʦүĹķȻз
ֵʱ򣬹Ĭ˺һᣬһٶǼǲһٶ𣿡
ĻֱŭˣԲѾĻһٶಿÿǧᣬÿʮǧ˰ӱ𣡡
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ԶǲסЦ´ע⣡ע⣡
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ȥʹķҪƤôֲҪ

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ȻǲôСģܵǰͷ˸һ
ս³ԽæذӦòС⡣
תһȦ֮ͷʲôûн¹ҶͨѶ
ߵĺܿ죬ҲһֵĲӣ֮ǰΪʱ䣬ԽʮȫɢȥˣҲǿ͸λôôˡ
ȥĵطԶԵǶһʱ䡣
ӰоͿԿĳ塣
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ţվ춼ûͣôһ˵ûеģ
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ŵ̲סһЦŲԶսǶЦˡ
˵үһֱܲףָʲôʱǻҪԸȻΪ˰ǶҲ뱨
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˶궯˳
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񰡣ǻǵСɡ
ȼֱ֣֮жĵճҺˡ
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޿ǹǳĻȣұɳĿ찡
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վãȻ̧Դɻ˵ޣ
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ȥһʼǣϣվſԾܾںνĥʲôԳܵķΧ
վҡͷ֣ϣ૱ףޣжҵжҵȫ硣
޵ͫȻɪƵɫЦȻ㣬֧ҵ硭


280 
˵ӣѪɱ¾սࡣ
˶ĬĬĵûϾ빷ǲҲҪԣԣǾֻܸˣ
һ·ϰˣ
վţսɾ
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ޱ˲뵽սʱǲ˲ͬ
˵Ϊˣɱ¾ôЩӲñãɱ¾
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ǲ֪ԭΪľˣֻСС֡
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ۿţͷ·𣬺޹һֻվŵʱϲŻᡣ
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أ渺ȴҪĸȥԣֻҪųһפͿںܳһεʱڣ֤ԴԴϵĳ塣
޵ͷҪȥ𣿡
⻰Ƕվ˵ġ
վŵͷ˵ĸһͻסĸȥϢȻ𡣡
ĬƬ̺վͻȻ˵ʵ滹Ǹӵģ⼸ǧĸ棬Ҫúܶʱȥɣ̫ˡ

ݣôǻǼƤ
ң⻰ѲܵĲɡ
޲ЦȥȤ
վɰĴǣЩ˼뿴ôѡ
ԭЦĹͻȻüˣ˫Ѹתͣȥ̣
վգգ۾ЩΪʲôԼĻҲû⡣
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ȫԭΪǹģĸǴԣ
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Դ׵ĵ㣬Ī
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޳ֱӽ˻ǳɴľܾԣһӶԣʱһ
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ｻ㣡Уÿϵĸ涼ʧȫʣһֻǺ뱲ӵ㻨Ǯȫ乫
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庮̲סţЩûãΪȻǳеĽ˷ɴ
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ЩôĽ
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ɣʹɳŵɤЩɬͰա
վڴϣ۾ϵĴ۾ΡΡԾ£ͫ׻£ָĿ˵㶼ûѸɾô

СȻôˡ
ķǳ˵㿴Ϳ
Ȼ˫ֻЩʹӡ
޳ʱ򣬹ȫЩ죬ұﶼÿ
վһЦü۶Żϲ޵Ȼÿϲۣķ壬Ҷϲϲȫϲû˱Ҹϲ
룬վż˱ϲҲɱҺܷģ㶼ҵġ
оֱϷĸо޴㶵ģֻƮɣǳǳķβվŵķ򹴹󰮸ͻһ
վųգͫһͫ˵ޣ㺦ߵҲƯ
ԭֻЩɬĸо£վ˵ֱӾͺߣƵɤЩţǣǲǸʲô


281 
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޽ڻ۵ɫǳǳСš
վ˫۽ļͷս˫ͷš
ǣҪȥòáٴ𣬹ԭΪԻԴκģվȴǳǡ
Ҫܾĸɴࡣ
޻ڴߣ̾ҡ
վûиٿڣֱӶסĻ
˵̫򵥣ӳ𣬾ѵйɣΪôγҲʲô
ΣֻҪԶһֻǡ
վű˫еϧͰӴﴫ塣
˫۽ǯڻǣûӦ
Ľһ𣬲ֹݡ
վǵķ⣬㶵ģվŵϵƺԽԽˡ
ֻ˵վҵ˽ӰķʽԿԺܼ򵥵Ľų⣬ϲ
ֻǰ
鲻ãԴǲ㡣
ɨһۣĬĬ˵㻹ûлָûǳ˯ȽϺá
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š
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ĺʣô֪ģǣҲʲʲô
鵹ǻ㲻ֱ  󣬡ϰװװãԼطԶʮ״ȷӡ

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ĿμˣСţ֪Ҳȥ
ǣǵĹޣǻָʼǵľͷվ֣϶ůůЦǰѶϣỳңԼ
Ψ㡣ɤЩѹ֣˵飬һȥҵ᲻ҵƿأƬضҲ㲻ϲӡ
أܴظӦȻջһĴۡ
У뱣һűġ
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ܳ죬̬Ҳһֱڡ
վź߶ǵһμôߣ˺öֱۣ
ԽԽ˼ֱƵˣˡ
߲һЦҵѽ̫˼ˣȻ죬ֱպ˵Ľ
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סû뵽޻ͻȻ顣
ûڣֻĬĬĿŹޡ
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283 
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վͬģСһֱӷɱսʱüۣǵĻɡ
ҸУ̲
ʱȻ˫ֱۣӴ߻ûһĨ壬˹ǰ

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ɤرᣬߺòѹȥίֿʼӿȥҪȥˡ
ۿսͷ֪ǡ
ֻǣ⻰û˵ֱ꣬Ӿʧ˿ƺǻطɴˡ
ʧЦ£̾ϢСƺԽԽϲСƢˡ
ܿͽ˼Լערעս
⿪ڣɴγһ쳣ȴĻ˲Ծĳ棬֮ľǣﵽĵطڿ֦Ҷ
ǳѺãͽһţԶսǶԴʱ򣬾Ȼֱӽϵ뵽ǵתۼ䣬ͽմǱ˹
˲ŵĿº͵ĹǶЩëȻ
ʱеĳʧ١
Ƕôֲɱ
֮Ȼ˹˵֮Щȥߡ
£ȥˡ
ڷɴ˺ܾãһǽҵ˶ߡ
ƨɣԴ¶ɰ·СβͣβΪ仯ţһͿġ
̾ʲô
ͻȻ߱һһ˵û
յСôˡ
ΣɫĺڷΧƣһὫӲ˳
ڻʱ˵  鲻ãҿĳ
ҧŴ۾˵ô
סĴ۾Цʲôϵһ⡣
йϵôܻ⣬ֲȻͣ
ǺǡһЦ˵СԴ˵ȻȻͣǣһⰡˣʲôû䡣
˵ĺܺԶһ
ίҧᶼۿתˣȻģѾԽԽ棬ڵϣȻʧ
Ϊʲô᲻һһԶ㡣
ɤĶԣͼ̧֣ȥᡣ
ȻģǲϲǷǳĲϲֻ뽫Ĩȥ
ĵףӦԶǿֵġ
ίţ㶮ʲô岻ͬô̸
뵽߼ֱʹġ
ԭǴɵСһֻܼðºˣֱӿˣûȫС
´žǣ㷢֣ѾҪ׵ˣ㲻ͬ࣡
ʹҧ־
ֻһ룬ȫ̫˽˼ֻο
ĪĵľأȻҲȫݲġ


284 
վվڲԶɫͷˣ̲סס
޼ûȥҲ͸Źˡ
һֱϣɻôˣ
վҡͷʱ䣬ߵܴЩġ
˵ߵܵȼУҲôӽ˵ӡ
ңʱ䷢ʵ趨Ӧǳó˼룬ƺȫǡ
ڵ״̬ѧĺӣһ㣬ٻ߻ı仯ң仯ƺЩɿء
ǰʱΪֱǰ֪ȫ趨
޽ڻ߳
ߣʵҪվα仯ȴӰ쵽ڣڲϵͳڲϵĸ£ֵı仯ҲȻȻע˼֡
ֻǣ֣Ȼб˵һ塣
һ֣˵ĸ֪С
֪ǲΪԭһֱĬĸ֪ڿٵı仯ұһɲʰֱߡ
֪ǲǺ£ңû֪ǲֵʲô
Ȼ֪ƣȴҲڴˡ
ҲգײӰʲô
վŵķ¡
䣬Ӧþ͹ˡ
վ̧֪㡣
ޱôעţЩɬָо֪ΪʲôôͻȻ
ѵΪԼ࣬òԼ£ͻͣʲô
ɡ
Ĵ
˫۲ס޾ԼԽԽܿо˵Ļϲ
뵽ȥԼ궼
վץס֣Цӯӯ˵ޣ˷ܡ
޵ֿʼ˺ƺˣԴǳ׻ָĸйٸоֱӴԡ
˵Ķԣȷ˷ˡ
ԣ޺ܸɴĿߡ
ҴҸϻ庮׼˵£Ϳ뿪
վûܵſڹ޵ıϣЦӯӯ˵庮ˣͣ
庮ûЦǾ鲻٣иûˡ
ֻûӦ߾ֱӵ˹˲õ
庮ڨڨĲ˲Ǽ⣬̲סĵ׷˸ۣʹкڣ
ǵ֮庮ƵԲۣصˣ
߸˵꣬Ȼע⵽ÿ̷⡣
£Ȼţǵʱֱסˡ
˵ĿǰΪֹֻӽˣһһ⡣һʱæƣȻﰡǻûָ߹ŷ
һʧЦ庮ң⡣
庮Ȼɴ˫ۣСǰſ֮žУôҲˣ
ֵһ㶼ûϾ˵ֱӴֻܱﰡֱֲ̫ˣ
ͷԭӣֻ塣
庮Χֿ̾ôǶôÿ
ͷơ
⻰˵Ļǣвǫġ
ǣ֪ǵ޺ضݡ
治֪ʲôӣֱǲҪ̫ԡ
庮ôСֵˣҽ֮ģҲڹޱǸ֮󣬻ʵʵĽˡ
ֻǣ庮ҲȫȻںЩرǣѵõ֪֮һ
ʲʲôģӦöٶԡ
庮˵ʱڰ۹ѧԺǴʲôԲԣ˵ȷҪ뿪ˡ
ǰ벿ƽǺ벿ֵʱ庮ɤЩԼûע⵽ĺ¡
ͷϾ˵ˣҲǣ֮ȫǡ
庮򴽣ָ΢ǣܸ𣿡
˵⻰ʱ庮ʵС
û˶ãڱͼʱжǶǸʱ򣬱ȵġ
ԴӸӹޣȫļ֡
⿴˵Ҳ˵ѡ
һ䣬ûк󻰡
庮ɫȻ仯Щѿǿ˳ǣô޿֣Ҫôȷǲ鷳Ҫôȷǲ֡
ֵĻҪôǶʧҪôǣ䱻Ĩ
˵һ䣬庮ɤˣֻܣۡ
ʱߣЩȵסһ˵ʲô
⿴ˣ˵ûвɢϯɵտԷɣͲҪ̫֣ǶиԸе·
Щ˵ġͿ϶
ͷûй޵Ŀ룬Ȼ˵
ûҪʱŭӳĹ֮Ļ̤ҴҸϻ˿ڶûüƵˡ
ÿ˶ŭݣ·֡
⼸ŵ̾£ǲ֪ڶҸ
ΪγһҸء
ǸˣǳŲϲȴƫƫûѡ·
ҪֽԼҲС
Ļôᶮ


285 
˵֮ˣûڴȥЩ˵ҲһĽ
ʵѾ˵Ķ˵ˣǲ룬޵ľѾˡ
˵ֻվŵġ
ļ֣ڹޡ
ߺ˵ɫܲãĽȫû
ԭǴһʼǱġ
ǲԾź͹޵֣һ뵽Ҫ뿪Ҳ޷Ǿܼˡ
庮庮ȴʲôû˵
߳˳·С˵ǣʱֱʧˣ˭ǵ˭
ٲڻ˵ĸ֣ʱҺܶ࣬и׼ھȱʧ
𣿡
Ȼĸ飬ǣʵûô⡣
һֵ
ĳⲻЦЦ࣬
Դþòŵͷɵ㶵˵Ҳǡ
ĵףվĵһ࣬඼һӵź಻ͬĸۣڣȻһϣǾãǲͬġ
վţһĴڡ
һֱ֪
վ˹޷⣬Ƭ̣Ż߲ûиվţ˯ˡ
˵ˣ
š
޿ԣ˵¶ϣǻȥ
ϣ£Ӧϻȥ
޴ߣ򴽽ǣȻȥˣ´ܿͨʲôʱ򣿡
˵ǧꡣ
ԣԣҪʲôź
ǳŵ꣬Щ㶣  ޣǶƸеˣܾãɤ΢ѰĲᡣ
㿴Լ޲ЦЩᣬϾôˡ
Լһֱ˽ǣˣҲȫĸ飬ζ׸ı䡣
˵˼ǰǽ˳壿
ס
ֻǽĻҪҵλáڣǻ֪˵˶٣ǣ֮ǰҽߣ֮Լˡ
š
ڣԵλ÷ǳ֣ǳ󡣡
š
޺ûʲôӦƵӦпǽ۵ء
޵ͷɲ⣬һͻȻԼնһϳһΧ˵ǰǴκڶͻƵķΧͼмŵĿ󡣡
ĻţԵλþ⸽˵꣬üϴιʱʹ޵ȴֲ΢ѵǳģ
ǵģһֵʱ߿ڣӴʮơڳĵؽ磬ǴһԱȣԾǵġ
ϸϸһ˵֮ǰƺй˵ôҲǿģֻǡȫӦöɢŶԣ֮ǰЩ˾ǡ
Ӧòֱӽ壬ƺǼһˡ߽ԵӦͼػؿ˼Ÿȷಿ֣ǿһǳУҲɢӦֻʱΧЩǳϸ
˵꣬߶סˡ
˵ϸֻҪ뿪壬ͻѸʧ״Щˡ
ʱü۳ò˵ˡԭ⣬һͨʳ޵岿֣ݻǵƺԲŻңӦǡɷ֣ϸֹɢȥ
ĿǰΪֹƺʡҲʵĽˡ
ӦڲϵĽʳ嵭˵һ䣬һֱĸӦͼϡ
֮ⲹ˵ңڱ仯ԽѸ١
߷ϵĸɢ΢٣ǲôȫ棬Щֻܶݷ
ţһˣȥˡ
˿̣޻վֱ壬ǣȥ֧ԮֻҪԸĸͺãܿƵĳ彻ͺá
ЩȥͿˡ
ҶԱûȤңʱҲ̫ʺϼǡ
סû뵽޻˵εĻ
޵ʧڷɴϵʱȻסҲʹñԴ𡭡
ô𺳣˵ʹãıԴʹãϾǳ޵
⼸ǧƺûֹ޵


286 
߹һߣͽ´ˣ˳ٶһ֮ͬѡӡ
ǲȡֵ  ˸УҲǽ¶֮¡
߸ս˶źãվžĬĬ󣬸˯ѵɤЩɢȥʲôˣ
ʣµ¡
վŵͷʲôҪ𣿡
ҡҡͷûУҪúϢ
վ֪ĵģߣƮ죬ָᴥ촰ЦԺҺ񶼿Ļء
ƺЩǿջЦԭҪ˵ЩʲôȴͻȻ֣Ȼ֪˵ʲôʣµĻȫںζ˵
ϲ򣬶Ե۶ǣûʲôʲô飬ԣҲ⣬ֻǡƺûڵӡ
뿴򣿡˸뵽ʲôһ
ţⲻ֣綼ĸоΪȻ࣬ȴǳϲҾã౻ǱӦ
డ̰а񣬿ءվͻȻסһЦüۼ䶼ɫʣǣҷ֣ҲпɰģȻ١
סվͻȻʾϲЩܳ
ˣȥɡվű֣żһûһµĵŵ棬Ȼ֪ǧӣǣһǺ
վŵĴԣǿŹ
ȥķʤһ֦Ʈʧʷĳ
򴽣ĵʲôӣ
Եӣ٣һЩ̵Ӱ񣬲塣
˶ֻ֪ǿεĻ
վű˫ۣȻԼϢһƵȻȫϳӰ
£۵׸ӵ̾˿뷨ЩӰȫ͵˵۶ǣԼˡ
ǿεʱ

࣬һμĵ
һӰƬ
ͷһֱ쵽֦ҶСһֻ˵ϡ
ɭֵĴף󺣵ķҷ޵С
ˡ
פ࣬ͻȻˡ
ǵһ֪ԭôǵļⶼڴ  궼ڽҪȥ
򡭡
֪˭˿ڣţ˶ỽţǵĸǣǵĸǡ
ͻȻբţͶԵ¾Щһʰ
̰ĿţȻ»ں޵ˮ
Ϊۿŵ
ཫƻŭţѽ
๶͵иá
ܶ˶ʹ࣬Ļ̫𺳣εá
ڵƵļ¼ƬװǣЩûʹࡣ
վŵĽë˲ſ˫Զ޺ɫӳŵᣬ˵ôᣬһԭ࡭
۵ףĴڣΪṩΪṩʳΪǴļɽݳޡ
ཫһôߣԼϸϵ࣬ȫ
ȱ࣬ڶ˰ɡ
ߵһοվᣬ֮Ȼֵ֣ȻڲܿƵٶ֮죬Ԥϡ
Щӵǵֵĸо
һֱϣվſҸһУˣңеķʽ
ˣǼʼ䣬սľĺꡭ
վԴЦȥôô꣬һƯģ
̲סŴǣõЦ˵һǳƯ
ĻվŲһЦ˵СͷǽǾͰĶ¡
ž롭
վŵ˵ԼԴ˵ǵĶϣЩǿԶԴغͬ඼һ㡣
ߵͷ֪ˡ
һԿʼϣĬĬĽߵ˹ޣϣὫӰˡ
̾Ϣ
վţȻһᡣ
վžͺܰԼ޸żѵ㡣
ЩǽԴ
Ϊ˿ѣƺ󣬻ѡΪ
粻ͣŵĵӰ죬ﶼ財
ԭ׽أοôҲȥ
һ㶣ͻȻ뵽˹ޣԸĻɲоɣӦҲԽ޸İɡ
Ͼ
վҪ
һİɡ


287 
ֱʹ
ż˵ϣЩȻվȥ磬Ըı⡣
ʱȴ˾˵һĻ
ԣȻ̳ˡ
˵İ¡
ҲųϢ׾侲ĸϢ˵ĺ£̳һ֡
ǣһҲ巢˾޴ı仯淴ʱֱӽȥ
һӴǳСֻһȦѡ
ֻڲϽʳʱŻرӴȻὫеʳﶼתΪԼѵ
ûй
޳ڰеʱȻ̧ԭ˾޵ɫ˫˰ɫڼŰɫۻֶġ
עŹޣǿһ
޻ɫĳ£չ嶼ס
˿̣һʥ࣬ۡ
ȻҲЩͣʳ
˶ĵǴ˿ȴãֱǲҪ̫
ڳĺǿ˺ܾãһΣǻ˲ٵľϡ
һ˫ް۶ŻɾĹޣ۵׹⾡ԣһ̳֮Ȼ˻
ԭһƬɫͻȻû˳壬ֱӳŹ޿񱼹ȥÿһ׺Ĺ
˫ȻɪָⶼԼģ᲻ϵĹţѵĴߡ
ַ̧ԼգͻȻЩԱ
ԭߵϣֻǣ׶Թֻ̫֣ߣھ̤֮һȵʧ꣬Ҳʱã˽ϸ
֪ôģǣҲڳ׵İģ
ԭҵİ£õ޵ȴɱಿֻ򣬿ڣȻǿòȴȫҰ޵ӡ
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˶ĵĳ壡
ԣ
ǣȴܲٿ壬һϻӰ쵽˼άΪгϸӰ졣
ڳ񹥻£ŷβûб˶ŵͬڰɢ硣
ģ̼ԡ
һ׷ĽŲǵû׷ϣΪϵĶ䣬ȫܻͷĵز
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һѪɱ¾۵ȴԶģǸñѪȾĿȫǣ
Ϊʲô
뵽˻
һ˫͵˫¶Ųпᣬָĳ壬ɱʽĹ
޾ƽĿһֱûлػֻǻһĨЦմȾ˳ζ˲ʢŭ
ޣƾʲô
ԭңϣԽ޲ڽŵףǸȻ˵֮ݣϵ޺࣬Ӵ󵽿Խ
ǣ˾ȻҲʼ仯ЩĪ
ڣˣĳԸԼӣҲĳ  Ҫ
뵽̲סһЦޣҪ
󡣡β΢һЦŵɤسޣֱĶס
Ȼ˫ۣŭǣԲѣ
ԼӵķԽª㻰̫ˡ
ϣһӴʹ͸ֱʡ
ǿǹӴѹԸںϵ嶼£ԸоĿ־塣
ڿķĶɱ¾սУΪһ÷⡣
Ҫɱ㣡𣡣
ŵĲǧŵֻޱʹޣЩȥ޵ԴȪֻã֮ǲݣ
ķĳ
ޱֶߵݣػ
ۼ˲Եŭҽ˻һԭ񹥻ĳͻȻٳ嵽ߣ׼һԼȫ
彫ǰһݹȥٽԼ೶һһȻѸ١
޾ţ֪ʲô
ֱվԤҪԼʱüͷ΢һ¡
˫ȻѸȥΪ޵ߣǿԼķ
೶ǣֽѵĸо
ôҸȴûϧڣˣˣȴҲʧȥԼ
ǸҸԼƫִ
ǡ
ϣǶúõġ


288 
޾ĿţԵҲĵıһҡţӭչƬء
ԳճյЦһ˫ͫÿԵһ࣬һЦرǳԵʱЦúòа
˻𣺡һԵһԵ㣡
򴽲
Բ֪˶ٸֻ嶼ڲϵıٱѾȫ弼Զһʳ涼Ҫ󣬵ڲͣĳԡ
ƽĿ֪ڿʲô
ڳԱ㣬ҲѸٷı䣬ԭصͻȻתɸߴĳ͡
˶ֲԴϣֻ۾ֻţʱͻۿ춼Ǽһ
峤ŤţĴ裬ÿ̧һ£ôһ
ǣڲϵ̳ų壬ƻǲԼҪϵĽԼ׳
޿仯ڻĹЦ⣬ǰ˵ллˡ
ԻûӦߴĳ嶼ûǰͱһֱӴ͸
౻Ӳ˳
ɲ˫ۣͬʯһ౻롣
𣡣
岻СʱĸоʹּĿ־С
ҲҪҲҪȾңޣȾңҴˣҴˣȾңޣŵֱʡ
ǣЩĲʵ
ȥʱһųβ͵İسˣһȳһյ
޿űŵ࣬۵״˵
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ԭӴ࣬ȥЩĵҺ壬˴ɫ
۵¶ᡣ
վϲ֪ˣ֮ǰҲȥ̽ˣֻﲢûΪʱָǱһƬشرĶء
нҩǾࡣ
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˵ⲻһĶѣҪһ࣬ȻЩƴյ㹻н
Եûʧ
£оˡ
ʵĶأƺΪŻȥϴϸ۲ǸڶԺܶҵ
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ϸȶԺҲǳѣΪŻȥ
ȥδŤʱͿռ䡭
תתⲻǳš
ǳĩѣҲǶһҸ档
ʼգص㣬վǿε
Ħеʯͷ洿͸ɫҺ壬ૣСţҿԴȥϲǸˡ
Ψһܸ
ٴʧڰУͷ·ǳɱڣԭҲٽгɵ֣ʧƬϡ
ʧʱʣĸͳ嶼찧Ҫʽѡͬھ
ײеĴ򷢣ͻȻЩǣȴûȴ
޲ûֱӻȥߵʱֱӴգִ˵
εʧȥȥ˿ֻ̣
̾˿޻ȥĵ򣬲ҲЩ̾Ϣ̤ૣϣԱԭӣԸ
еʯͷһӿ͵˵ÿһ䣬Ỻ÷ͬǵĺᣬΧסǻϲ
޿ȥȥĴأݸһЦѪ⹩ϲĵطҺܿġ
˵ʱ򣬹޵ͬҶһ㣬Ѫ㣬Ȼŷʧ
޷·оʹ˫ϵȫ֣Ѫ󣬾Ϊӭȴȥ
УѪ⣬䣬ÿһѸƬء
ǸоʹͻЦǺ˵һҪָӣǳӣỶϲҲᡭ
޵ɤЩ΢
ǾͨأǣҲеø֪
ʹܵƺһĳͷοǸر۵£Ȼܵóͷࡣ
⣬ΪԸ
Ӵˣ֮õط
ˣԶὫռУȫȫ
ֻҪ뵽޾;ȸԾԭԽָƫҪվŵ룬ȫԼ
վţվţվš
Ƭضһ


289 
֪ΪʲôЩ
վ㶵ĿڴߣһֱԶĺڰ
뿪˼ˣȻûл̲סģַ֪ûг¡
ĸо֡
սڼҴһһǣǻٶг֡
ԭЩ򲻹Ǳĸǰ֣ûпʼԣΪ£ǵһʱ䱩ŭҿʼ޼ɵɨ
ûȫó壬Ը򵥡
Ƿ˳ǣ÷Χ֮⣬˵۹⣬ܶĹҲһ𣬿ʼȫԳ趨սƻ
ܿͽ١
ⳡսһ²սᣬԳȫΪۡ
ǣûл
һһĵȴվŵɫԽԽԶ嶼ǽġ
ȥƺʲôûк֪ͨ
ߺ⣬Ҳֻҡͷ
ڵĹѾȫƿغԼҪȥôǻҲ
վⲽѾ쵽˱Ե
ʱ䣬˶Ѿȥ˵۶һִ÷ɴҪԭص
ڡ
һ
ţվһȴϤû
ûվʣĴͱסշת̳࣬Ե
Сš
š
վȻش𣬿ǱȴЩίЩСƢһĲȥ
ЦԴƺǵһηֿôá
ָ̧°ͣЦ˵ңҺ㡣
ڴ£̧ͷÿõݣ۵ŵ㺡
ûɣվŵһ죬૵޻һĺÿ
һЦڻУǵĿţ˵⼸ۻˣȥϢòãɷɣȻ˯þ
վſѧ˲٣ôһ˵ֱ⣬ڹ޹ҲɹԼɻ
ߣնʲô
ϱߵϢЦɴù켣
Ŀĵأ
뿪ʱ򣬵˶ЩʧжȥķǱʱˣǣҲֻʱ
ּ뿪ĸо綼еԡ
㷴Ӧٳٶ۵ˣƺҲûᷢʲôֻǣ޴ӵ֪
˹ٴγֵʱѾ˷ǳ࣬Ҳǣ֮һԣ˲䣬ͱӪΪȫϡ
Ӫгֺ󣬵һ¾Ѱվţȴ֣ҲûмĻᡣ
޷ҵϡ
˹ĵǿϴһļ̧ͷվһǵˣףָָһԵɳ˵ɡ
ҡ
ⳡսȻÿ죬Ǹ˲صĴۣرִ֪꣬ʲô𣿡
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սɵɱ¾ˣٶżϧ޺վźܿͻ뿪
ʲô
ûϿڣ˹ȻŭȻҪߣ
üȻİǳ˹㵽ǲǶûҵص㣡ĸʿˣļҹڲսϴھȻŶŮ鳤
ð˹Ǻ͹Ӣۡ
ǣǴʲôʱʼ꣬
˹ǱĴͷɤʹӦ֪ܳױϣҪһϵĻʴ
޲ҲһΪѣʹָֻƲ㣡
ʱѾƣ  ȫЩ£ϣⳡÿ˶ԳɳȻûС
ʧ˰˹ϣǴ˻һѰ
Ȼߣ˵ллʱչˣҺܿͻ뿪ʲôҪϲģ
򴽲뿪
˹һ۵ɸӣ׻ʧȥȫĽ
ԭЦŹʧȥ˷һĴڣڣҲʵʵᵽʧȥԼĽһô˵¡
ͱˡ
ǷϸУһֱ
İӰ֣ĵð˹ס˵£վһΣͻеڶΣʱѣкܶࡣ
˵ɤ̫ƽûдκεñˡ
Цһ£˫ȫվŵӣȴʹѵڡ
ʵⳡ˼Ǹýʱˣ˵ģûиһ


290 
౻ʱ׵ʧȥ±ȻţȴѾʧȥ˶
֪ǲΪƽ˺̲ܶ࣬ס뵽˹ȥЩӡ
ΪҪʱͻȻǰһӰӡ
û̧ͷΪû
ԡԣ
ỽżֳɵȴĺš
ȷ֮ǰӰӻ£ͷڻԣԡ
ỽţûκε
ǣͻȻͿˣĿˡ
ǰﲻ֮ܳΪˣΪȷʵˣǱǿиװˣھ޺ϸ֮Ѿ˳ªӡ
˵˵ˣС毺õǰ˿
Ե̧֣۽ǵᣬС˵ԲޣԲޡ
Ļ٣ΪĴѾϸʴܿ˵ĸ֪ʧ
ˡ
ĺˣ
ȥôϲ˿ҽУҲݵĸĴڣûκθ飬ȴ໥š
Ϊ
ڱ˴˰
˿ıһβͣβʹӾ׵һֱβ׵ֻޱȳªȴãһ̵ÿˡ
ǰϲ޶á
׷ٱ
ף˭Ƿ˭ˣǾ͵ڶԷɡ
˿ȥòã۽ǵỮʣ޼ǿӵס˿ҵ֣òã
ӵŴǣ۵ƺղ
˿㱵Ŀૣá
ֻһ̵ȴҲΪǣľš
˿ڲٵֿѪ߰ߵĺϣǱ͸Ѫ
ԱǳʧƬϡ
䣬ֻǼǵñ˴ˡ

庮׻ûסãȴֻԽԽԶ֪޵뷨ǣãǵ˵壬׽ܡ
ߵƵòͽ֮ͬеĻпЩˡ
ʱ򣬹ʵ֪ģϾؿڣûеһϢ
˿̣ǻлĸȥ
һ㶼ȣм⣬վţǵ죬ƽһ»ޡ
ÿοԼ;ֻһԣԭи⣬κ˼ҡһ䣬ͳ˾ӣ뻹ơ
ƺֿʼģߣЦ˵Ϲʲô
ҡͷ˵ʲôˡ
ⲻЦЦڻұʲôҪһ⡣
һ䣬ƲƲ죬ҵȻ֪⡣
ǼȻ֪ƽʲôأͺãֻ⣬ҲԶ⡣˵⻰ʱһֱעĲŵĽëȻûע⡣
ǣ㻹ֻﰡǲͬƷ֡
ԼֿʼץÿζֻҪ뵽ǲͬ࣬ʱҪŵĸо
ǣҵܳһֱ㣬Ϊֹ
ǣҵ
߾ȫûбЩȫⲻ˻Ļ档
ǣǰҪ𣿡
ڣ⽫Լһֱ˵Ļ˵˳һֱǰҪǣ˼άЩͬߺܿʱ⡣
ǣиսᣬûоԺ㡣
Ļ̧̫࣬ף㶵˵ǡ
ÿ˵ǣⶼЩ࣬϶Ҫ뿪ˣʱûɣȱʾ˵
һΣ죡
һСȹȥȻȻС˵㣡ôԴŮ
ԭעߵվţһЦż˵ߣĲŮ
ûķ˸ۣŭҲܣҵĳǣ
üһЩ𣿡
ŭҿʮߵȵϵͳģ⣡УⶼѾʵˣһױô죡㵱˼ҴģͲһܣ
ըë˵ղգ˭֪ˣҲǹġ
ԭ߶ȻԲϵĻŸղŵĳķ֣ȷʵһ
Ϊ棬ǹỺĻȡ
䶯һ£ǣҲԸ΢һء
ס
ȻǸɵġ
վżӣӰͦģԭӦûô硣
Ȼ֪˵ĵ¡
ͷֻһûΪʲô
£֣ӰȴǣӰ첻ʮ֮һ
ߵڲǱһӡ
һ㣬ֵϸϸ˼


291 
ȵ˵ʱѾǰºˡ
Ϊڵľס̫Զشܱȥǳ࣬Ҵ󲿷ֵĹ켣ǴҵģӶŶٻ
ѵʱվżСŹȥģС촰ϣš
վŵĴ۾ỨŹ˵תĵطҼģĵط
תǰ綼ΧССûм壬ǣȴԣס˵
޿Ѿָտ۵׻͡
ǵ㻶ϲȻֵõġ
վŷǳļ۾һʧһɺƯԭƯ
ţƯ
վһ࣬ǳȴһֱЦŵġ
վ̧ͫӡӣһƯ
һΣûмƽ˭ƯֻǽȦڻ⼤ʱ磬òã
վһ㶣ҡͷܸɴľܾԣҪȥ
̲ס̾˿ִӣƺһֱûб䡣
ɴܿأſ˲䣬վͬĲӾ˳ȥ
쿪˫ۣһȻ󻺻Ϣ۽ỨС  ˡ
ϣҲڶ˸վһĿѺʹȱ
Թ޹Ĳ̣ǣȴδı
ܹٴιĺܺá
һΣ˫ϸĿƬأͨǵĸйٴݵԺǱż䡣
վڻԾһֽŲСˣһΣǱκһζ˾úг
ɫķѰתƮɣǵĺ貽裬ôĻӡ
ҲȾȫš
ʵģԶӰ𺳣
⻺ߵվĹԣ۵׸ӵ˵ǿи
ݸһЦżһȥҲź
˹޵ķǴһεվŵԡ
ǵƤĺӣǵķȫһȫֲ˭˭ֻͬһȫһ
վſĵЦţһԾסĲӣʹһڣ˵ޣܵϢҹȻϲˡ
Ļ޵Цⲻ˴ߣ˵ϲ˵
վŽȦסǿĶ֪ģ˵лл㣬Ϊڿûźˡ
βվͻȻ§ס建ʧ
ͬʱȻ֣ʼγһĹӰֱ˹ϡ
ؼķᴵƮɵĻһͱ·ʧ
ǣʧ١
ڰ·еǣͻȻʧ֪ҪʲôֻǾãЩܡ
ܣͺ񱻒̵һ
ڹ޵һУ֮ǰ˵һǣ׵ȴǡ
ǵʧīͱ߰׵ӰҲʧ˿
Ϻ͹գһǿҵ𵴣ǸܵˣֻǣǸףŶԡ
ֻǣԼ񣬹ƲƲ죬̲סŭǾˣҪүӽչǣ̫ˡȥҸȥȻһϣԣ˵ǴӻûҵأԲۣ¸ˣ
ϳǣǶûﶼǸأھʧҲǺҪ
㶮ʲôҪһӣңҸ㣬ͷҿҲ׼ȥˣ㵽׸ŲŻأ
ʵԭҲᱻĨ䣬ǹʶѾǧ꣬е᲻á
ϰڰ˵ҪţˣҲʧȻԲڰңûˣڣҲᰲĲ١ңЩҲŲ¡
ڰ֣ȻЩͣȴЩᣬõõã˵ʲôĶ㡣㵽ʱҰһߣžǡˡ
ǳ˵άߣܶྫ嶼άϵǼǼʼǣάֵõĴڡ
һȥݾͻָЩڸ䣬ȴҲȥ
һͻúæµǳæµ;
ϼ֮ͻȻ˸Уܲϰߵ˵˵Ƕӵ׸Żȥ
֪Ҳ֪ôģ֮ˣңʱߵķǳæңǶϱܾЩ֡°ϸϸ˼ţһ˵Ǳ˵ҰܾڹĲֻǣϡ
˵˰죬תϣ̫ѨĬĬ˵˵ǾǴ޵ˣ˳ת㵱˶ӺͶϱﾫ˽һ
⻰˵ģͷҾرӣ
һֿʼ⣬Ͼ˵ˣԸȥɡ


292 
峤δ̤ƶ͸ѹֺɭĸо
ʱ򣬹޻ڷ㶡
û뵽վžȻǿתһ־ú
ΪǸѪ⣬ҪеʹΪ࣬ûھ壬ҲӦû֪
ǿţҲڿٵ
̾˿Сţ֡
ŵɤȴĹﶵתʧ١
վЦɤλôǺ֡
żƣվҲ¡
վﲻվ򴽣˵һȥˡ
͸оĸоܹԶȹȥĵ˾ѹ֡
˵ǶӦҵһʱŶԣȻǺ޷Ӧ
ôֻһܣǾɱȳ˯š
ҲԣصĻ£ȷʵû취õѡ
ҪӣǲŻõڣƬΪء
޼ͦıЩ߳
֮߳󣬿ǰľɫЩݡ
Ḷֵ̌һ͸Űɫ
ⲻΪŻģӦ
īͱ߰׸˴ڿӰʱȻǰԭʩȴȻ˾ӣ˫ĿȻȾϱˡ
ôܣ
ߵʱ򣬻ûصϣĻҲ΢ˣ£ڣǰȴһѵӡ
򴽲⣬λ
򣬳ǣ
˵꣬ûѯʲôֱʧ˿һ㣬׷Źޣֱ̤֮ڡ
īͱ߰Ȼļ尾ȴֻ֪й޿ǡ
̤ĸ֪Χڵʱԭ٣ʼĸۿɼٶȣٵķѿ
⽫Źޣһͬɳ
ʱվŲһڣޣҲùλˡ
޸λãһʱЩԸȻץסȴһ˿⣬վͻع£øϵ֯þ޴
ϵ֣ȫСĿռ
򴽣۵Щʹ
վڻعʱЩƮ˵ޣ㻹кܶҪҪ˯ҹ
ûȹ޿ڵʱվŵʧˡ
ޱ̧ۿȻ׳ҿʼհ͸ŵĸˣû뵽תתûӵù
˵꣬޵ָ̧⣬˶ͷıʯ䣬һƺɫʵƮ뵽С
Ǳһ㣬ҶƬ϶ʼֳһɫ
ã޵ֲŷ϶ͷ֮ſԶ
˲䣬ؾͿʼ仯
ٽӣգʼȥްտ
˿̣ڽֵ˯ŵľҲʼѡ
ǴӿУԸ֪ɡ
īͱ߰׵ɴ˫ۣ˫ֽգŵĿⷽء
ԴǳǾûڿĳ
ӡʷļضٵĴڡ
һŴǵĴأȴûиǹ
ǱΪǣȴڶһòȻԵ̡
ҲȫȥƬأֻܵõ֮һĻر
һΪǱ塣
ÿһȷĸǣǲǣض͡
ֱƲѣǵĸȥѰǲ֪ԭÿһζΪػⷽزŻڵȨߡ
ӵ
ûǹѯʣǱǿͳȥֻһ·ѡ
û뵽ǣǻľȻӣѹֵʱôżǣ˵Ǿϣʲôġ
ϾǧͱīΨһ
߰ס
뵽īۿ
֮ǰʧȥԼܵܣҵǣǿȻĻҪøʧˡ
ӡ
ԹʱͻȻԼ׵͸ƣ˼֡
īǰ˵ףܱǸҲ㡭
ǸԲϵľ  ӵľȣԵ쳣
һûȱīڣЩţСĿվԵĹޡ
Թ뿪ĵһ񿴵޵ӣ̲סۣ£¡
£þò
޻תһ绪Ȼ۵״Żûɢȥ˸Уɤȴ˲ñݺᣬȻء
ڻˣ²УȵˡصĿͷﺬ


293 
¿ں󣬸˲Ż㱻һϣĿŹޣ۽Ƕᡣ
ʱǾã綼
ûʲô⣬𺳣
ڣǵˣҲعˣ
оˡ
Ǻܿͻ
ڣޱȵĿĵ
˻ľۼţһֱԵ쵽ƶ֮¡
ڶˣ۵Ⱦϣ£
ֺ˵
ǿ˶Щη壬ֻбīȷӦ˹ٵѾ¸Ҫע壬о£ڴҸϽȥϢ
ٲϢλҪŭˣΪ˼Һͺˣ
ҲǺȺദˣеǹŹֵӡ
ʱ֪뵽ʲô˼Ŀ˿֮ұϢˣȥûر
ȻǳǱ籣ţ֮ڻȻӣǶȳ˯ûüȥ˯֮أ֪ûʲôر⡣
ʵЩᣬǵһοӣȻϣĸһЩ
ʱһӰŹЩף϶
¿˵ʱ۵ǰôˣ
ңңͷǰǰܵùڵϣµصȨݣμ
ݲã˵ǳãңÿһʵá
ҪķѼеľȥտƬأ޷شֻøԵǿǱţǳ׵İϡ
ȻΪԭ򣬿׷ף
ƺΪ仰֮ڶ嶼ʼ׷׹
粻ͬôΪƣΣǲŻԼ
̾˵ԭΪҡԣ°ɡ
޻£ӲڣϾضվҪ
˻֣̿ûüڣɤϴᵭºͣڣҪؽӹ죬Ǵûлٺ˵ˡ
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ܶ˶ǿģŸ˲ߵڳȥĶ⡣
¡
īͱ߰ΪΨһõˣȻҲȥˡ
޿ŲǹǳЦܿ콫ãȻȥ˯վš
һֱܰû˵ֻǾЩ㱣Դܾǡ
رǶ
˼
ɨһ  ûֹ
Ȼ׺κδڶܲǣϲҲ
ֻǣ֮²
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Ȼֻӵİ磬ԭѾڣѸٽǶӣǵӫǱһøҫ۶ĿÿƬҶɢӨӨǵ׺
յ˲䣬ס
Ϊػ飬Ȼ֪ԭ򡭡
ĸ塣
ǣǴӾ巢Դأǿų׿ϵģΨһһֶɡ
ôĸǡ
ôᣡ
ǿڴ֮³˰
仯˲䣬Ҳ𺳵
£ֻһֿܣ£γΪ˾壬ξߣľ壬˳ȥ
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ǿã˼ʮء
Ц£ܾվ˵ĻܶԣǾǣǸȻʱԴˣǴ˿̣òϡ
ߣİ
ʱЩɣû뵽Լ磬ңֹ
һ֪ԭȻǧǧʱͨÿһͨŲͬ硣
ʲô
˭
ԲۣǷʲô
˵õģֻϵͳأôԴվţĪ¶ˣ
У  Ȼ  в
˿̣⻺ĳ֣ɫ壬ͽȻ˫ۣ

ôôÿ
Ǿµϸµ⣬
뵽ˣôʱ⡭
࿴Ӧûϵɣ
ˣײĿ
ⲻЦϰԵס塣
ߺ֪ķһ⣬Լסĸ첲ȦסΪʲôȻؿأ
Ǹ⣬ˣȻϵͳô᳤أ
ʱ㶵ĵͷԼŮԳʱ˲ը˻
񰡣
׷ʲô


294 
Ǳֱ䣬ڣֻĻ߾⻰ֱͷġ
СߣҺܿģͬһ
⻰ǹֵĲˣ
ϵͳϵͳ
ȻڵǸʲô״˭ܸ͡
Ѹٵȫڸǵʱֹͣҿʼ
ڿʱÿ仨ﶼɢŵĶص壬ÿһ֣ûӦʱ򣬿ٱ
׷ʲô
ÿ嶼ߵı仯ɵ㶵ģ֪ʲôֻ֪ǿĸ֪ЩصǸо嶼ڱ䣬øǿ
޲Ц̧ڴǲʲôˣֻȥһ⣬ĸĻع
Сš
ЩѰɡ
˿̣α仯߶ըëС
Ϊһԣһԣ
ɽţָо˲⣬ԭ޷޺վŵĹȴס
һϣ߾ҪĴڡ
ǵȻһԡ
Ȼߵ˵Щƫֽͺܾ塣
ⲻЦŲ֪˼룬ᱻһһȻôϲԼ壬ôȻǲ࿴ġ
ԭǵ
һжǱȻ
á
һֱ⣬ֱʱŻ񣬻̤
ţʱҪˣʱ򣬾Ὣеص㶼Щ棬Ϊ
ڰǾ֮ڣѹֵĵط
һ룬  Ϳ˱˫ϥվš
˫ıʯɢǳĹʱЩķ˿֯ӳ
۵״ŵЦ⣬ĸ
˿̣վǲһ㣬ԭֻķ󣬷˿Ȼֱ壬ǿӲϵߣ˫չֱӽȦסβƵ͡
޲ݸһЦ˿ĶͷԸӵ
վҲٳû˫ۣⲻͬԭûо壬عҪƬؽͨ
ôʱͻ
⿪ʼָΪСԸſ
ڵִ֪Եʱ򣬶е㲻š
кܶ˶֪дԵĴڣǣʷأЩھ巢Դزй£ԴӾ󣬾Ҳûгֹ
ڡ
ػ飬ȻǣϾͻдԳ֣
һĺϢ
īͱ߰㶵ģе㲻״ȫ㲻ǶԴԵΪʲô뵽վ壬ǼЩԣҲеڴ
һ뵽ȡ
뵽ǲԼ˸оǵУ´ң
˵䣬ȻССĹʵ
һصʱӯ
û֪ǵȴ˶á
ֻǣǵȴûеһʱ俴
վţԸ֪ĻϲǣȴĿն
վһ첻ѣ;ã綼޹ʡ
һһ꣬վžûѵӡ
߶ԼĪΪˣվŻûѡ
˵ĸع飬ͲҪȥѪҲ˵ΪվţȻҪԼȦȥ硣
ǣվΪʲôѡ
ʱ޵ɫһֱţڴ϶
ӣǺް취Ϊ֪Ҳһͬˣȴûѹ
һ죬ԽĿʼܿƣ÷ŭÿǿлӣҲ֪ԣܡ
һʮ꣬վɳ˯
ϰһֻÿ˵ʲôӦԶǷ˿Ľһӵ
Լϰߣǲء
ǹȥһ⣬ǣӵ΢ЦŵЩɳȫĥѡ
Ѿٴοˣһʮ꣬վƺ˼
΢΢գ
ûӦͱһӵסǿɱ䣬ȴꡣ
޺޲óֻʱ£Ѱˣվţվţվţôãôáôá
ϸϸૣһһµϣϣȫܲˣЩίȻһˣ¡
޽۽ǴɫǻϵĲţѵʱ򣬾ƴŽ壬˺꣡
˵㰮ҡվţ˵
վᴭţӦĲҰ㡭
޽ʣĻȫ̳Ե֤ʵ˲Ρ
վ壬鼱еĻظͬһҪԷ
ڶ죬ÿ찴ʱڻˡ
ͬŵ죬죬һһ£ڿҿңÿ췢쭵ɲ
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