صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

޶ʢ
ߣ곿
ע
     ᡿

òˡ

˽֪ҽޡ

ǡ

ˣ輧

¾ͷ󡣡

ˣԥˣһŮӣ˵͸ġ

¾ͷ󡣡

ˣˣˡ



ˣˣ˵߸һŮӡ

¾ɵͷɫȻ

δ˵꣬¾ȴͻȻֹס˿ڣ񻺻ȥſڡ

ȴɫڶ¾ĿᲽڣ״ƽؽﻹδ˵Ļģ

һ仰飺ҴĻȢġ

Ķָ:

1.Ҫİƭˣĸ߽˫1v1

2.һֱϲŮҴĻȢŮ΢ɧ΢ƫִռǿ

3.Ůǳر

4.ܿգ𿼾
==================

01

峿
ִأչδ͸дŵʪŵ㺮Ұ
һӾӣ󻹸żλĳУһƧأһۡ
ϵҶдɷĴ֡

˸ۡ˲ֱͣᲽȥ

ǣɫ࣬ߺˣ

Ϊ׵`ЦţڶϵĶ׹ҡΣԣóһƣ۵£¸ˣǷΪµġ

ԣϸеƣƬ̺󣬲ջ֣ףĿбӡ

״ջƣкļλ˽ȥ

Ϊ׵Σ˳ţ¸ӡ

¸⾩ǵҲ쵱ģرھǵĹȦС
ɣңһ֪

¸ϳˣ˿ѵһ޲˿ģټѿʽ࣬Ʒòףþй󸾵ϲԳ¸
Ȼ¸Ҳܴͨ
ÿһԼֵǣؽ

Ŵļλһͣ
תɫ࣬ҽŵǽҪǽˣĪҪĪҪ죬ˣ

⼸λǵһθĳⲻ˶䡣

λӯӯǡ

״ջۣصԭء

֪˶ãڳȵһˣһˡ
һ㣬ǳɫȹе˽С硣

ϳˣǽߵĽ

δȽ߽űǰһỽ

˵ͷźۼļλϿ˼ۣջۣ˻δƫš

ǡ

źͼλһͬŽȥƫ

Ųǵһļλȴǡ
·ϣ䱻Ÿɼλȴⲻ˱ķʢ
ǳµһյǾ̾ѡ

¸޽Ȼ⽫ȴǧ򱶡

ܣߴˮһȥںļɽźˮӷ϶ðɽУ͡
ˮ峺нɫΣϵĺҶïʢĿ

ǵһμʢ̾͵͵ȶԣ⽫ķʢȻȥԥȲá
˵⽫ȴǽɶǻּ޽ĸۡ
ɼҽڻеĵλܵС

֪˶ã˲ŽԺƫ

ͣλϢˮĶԱ㡣

Ӧ

תȥ

Ѿ߳˲ˮ㡣

ʶ˽ķʢǾȻ򵥵Ĳˮ͸㶼档
ˮڣȴźǳˡ

ص㣡

ԣλһﵨЦţˣ

¸⾩˵ȥֻһ·ȴǼ򵥵·
ȥЩٹ˸ΪŮʱֱ棬ߣΪϱҪŽ˵㾯Сġ

źǼۣȴ˵ֻС¡

״Ǽλ׷ײ죬ΪȴҲС

ͷ󣬲żƫ߽һСˡ

λõˣ¾߰ɡ

ԣ˱֪˸ˡ
űСȥԺԺ



ȺԺĽż˽ҡ

̤ҵżԶԶƼһŮӶ֮ϣ΢СںеĽ

δƼ棬ɸļλȴƼɣΪˡ

ƴСĶͷ֬ļ׵ϸ׾üϣӣֻǶƲĿ⡣
µż򵥣ʩ죬һ֧纷ӵ׺ɾֹȴܹǣʧ

ſڵĶŮӻ̧һǣ翴꼻ŵһ˲䣬ȴľ̾ģԸ㾡Уͣ

˽ȥˣ¸ˡ

ÿ껻֮ʱ¸˶£¾Ȼ֪Ϥ
Ϊ׵ҲΡ

¾룬Žվ

񣬼¾˾٣кļλΪ

λ㶻Ӧ߽λ˵еĽʱֻøΪˡ
ر˫ۣʱĹˣʱŷ峺崿˼伫Ʒ
رʱʧ˷

λҲǼˣȴûһ˷绪һʱʧ̬
ֱŵڶѣ˲Żع
æ߽ߣ˵Щʲôȴһ

ͷˡ

ּᣬ

üʧˡ
òŻعæͷ

⻹ǵһи׿ڶ˵֡
Ȼ¸ǧ󣬿Ҳѣ¸
ԣȥôٹ˵ĸΪ£ȴδλݵĸ˵֡

էһǵɤḡ
ϸϸƷζȴܴʵظܵ顣
⼸еض˵ġ

ԣҲն˼ġ

ºŵˣպ¸㽫ϡ

¾ͷԸǡ

Ȼ

˳ȥ󣬽Ŵóɰ

Ƿ͵ģˡ

࣬ࡣ

˽ӹɰл
ȴҲԵɰĵȴɰķˡ
˳ֹȻ󷽡

һŸ̾òÿÿ

˵Ҳһδ棬˭뵽ķҽȻȢ˽ƷĺԺѧʿ֮Ů

ǻϴͻ顣

ҽ»պսˣؾ
²⣬ҵԧˣҽǲϲλˡ

֪ǽһ֪⴫˵еĽ˾Ȼò𺳵ò⼸λڴ˼ֻɡ
òжΪŮӣҲơ

ԣ⼸λ￪ʼ˵ҽϲ˵Ĵˡ

¾֪ǲǼһ棬Ȼô

ߺ¾ֶǰĽСں
¾ϲζȴֱҪȡ
С뽪ѾСʱˣס

ɷ˽¾еĽ̾һˣôȥ⽪ˡ

¾Ϊּһ仰ˣū澾ֻΪʢһˡ

⻰һȻ¾˷Ӧ

𣬱𡣡¾裬Цˡ

˵꣬¾˼

ԣΣֻϸ۲¾ɫ

µ֮ǰȥͤһЩ磬˺
⼸䲻ôˣȴʱʱϼϸϸȥܴӷ˵Ͽֲ̬
ԣŷԸŷ˽

ŷ˲Сз纮һȦۣ̲סȻƣ

ⶼЩʱˣȬ

¾Цã赣ǵɫӳ¾ҡͷأ޴󰭡

ǺðɡΣȴǵջδȬū澱ȥˣ˿ɲ

ǿӲ¾Цֻܵͷ

ʱһС˴ҴҴ˽ܵɫͨ죬

򡭡ˡ

¾̧ȥ

СܵеϢȴڷĿAAˡ

ԣ¾΢ɣеУ
¾عС˵仰д𼱣˵

                        
лҪ˵ּˡ
𣿷ˡ
дǰ档
ĸ߽˫1v1ġ
ĵŮ֮䲻ĵŮ䣬ֻڻң뿴ĵĿԽ뿴ȨıլҹŰľ͵Ŷ
ĲظңҺôҺá

02

ǣô򵥵һ仰ȴСĵ׵ļ뼤ȥƽ
ֻǷ̫ܵУСһʱĻܻķӦ
ǣ㰲

¾ɫʼƽ͡

Сƽ˺󣬲ŵһŵʹ߻ظ˵ǽ£ʱ뾩

ԣϲüңȷϣʵ

ʵȻʵСصصͷ

״æ¾ϲΣˣ𣿽ˡ

¾Ȼˡ

ֻͻϲͷ÷һʱԳְˡ
Բʧ̬

ľϲ¾ȴϲãʼնʮƽȻ
ֻڻӦС˵ʱĨЦ֪ˡ

С˳ȥ

ûˣˣаʱū¾͸ϽԸʰ
˵һ£ԣԣн鷿īԺµĶô

躱æң¾ʧЦڣ𼱣Ӧòֹʱ

һǽʥǻظ

ǷڽؾϢ̫ڼϲãȻûʶ¡
¾ʱˣȴˣ߳ȥĲӶҡ

¾Цˣ˵Ǻ¡
С뽪Ͳٺˡ

¾еһԣ˲ǣɫȴ
ʱ꣬¾һλ˷

¾ʮǰԽǬԪģԽʱ⸱Ӳꡣ
޸ĸֻһĸȴʮָԣǵһĸ˼ңҲᡣ

¾ŵ֪ԭԭĸһʱʡ
ԭĸס¾һֱ궼Ҳ

¾⣬ϾǰܲնҽԺ˵⸱ӳֿ¾ʮ⡣
⸱ӵòǰһģһСǸСţʳ

¾һֱΪ켣ǴСűϸš

ֱ¾ʮ꣬ĸȥϲͻȻˣ˵Ǿǵˣȥ
⸱ӵס
ǺԺѧʿ

¾ɢԸ뾩κŴȴǧ󲻵ò˾˺ԺѧʿĳŮ
ԺѧʿԭĳŮС¾һ꣬˴Ů
Ϣһҹ֮䴫龩ǡ

¾Ǽ굹ǹġζ

¾ʮʱͻһʥּ¾ϡͿȥ˽

ֱڡ

˵˷¾ദʱֻա
˵ĻҲ䡣
»֮ҹֻ˵һ仰
ͷʱ䵭ѯһǷˡ
˺󣬱޶ԡ

һҹƽ
¾ûз˵Ϣȴذ޴ڡ

֮ల¡
ֱҹƽصҪȥս

¾ʱ֪ԭҪսˡ
ŻææҪΪʰȴѾ׼׵ˡ

в޲ᣬֻǵҿףϮϺ磬Ųսѥߴͦεһʱ¾ͻȻʶѻ䣬ҷһλһλսɳĽ
ĵ׵ľ֮¾صһ䣬ء

¾ǵãʱһ˿仯򣬴ףɢɱϢ˸ҽӽ
ֻȴͻȻ̧֣뻳УɳƵڶ𣬡ҡ

ô֣˵ĵ仰

뵽¾ЩЦ˵ٵҲкô˵ʲôܼǵһ
ʱ꣬˷˵仰¾ܼǵһ
˵ʱݣɤ¾ǵʮ

ʱȴͻȻ
һС˴Ҵ˽¾סԺ̡ƽ

ƽ񣬵ˣˡ

ԣ¾Цͷ֪

֪ˡ

ε¾ˡ
Ϊƽŵظˡ

¾죬ʱҲ˽һ仰ǵˣظˡ

ˣ

С͸Ŷ˵ǽδؾȻˣʱڻظ·ϣͿ쵽ˡ

ԣ¾Ҳ˲˼ˣȥ˸ۡŴ

¾ʱŴѾ˲ٻˡ
վ࣬ü˳ĿԴ

Ҳڡ

¾ӭȥˡ

¾˵ͷŴ⿴һۡ
糣ʮְ

ϢͻȻ¾æ˻δظϡ
ֻ¾;ֺ˷磬ɫ԰Щ
ɤЩƣ¾˼ˮ١

ˣӿҪ赣ǵ

¾ҡͷް

Ჽȥ˴ſվš
ôš

֪˶ãҵԶ˹ͬʱڸ˺ͻ

¾Ҳ̧˹ȥӰɿۡʻ
ۣϵ˸ߴӢˬ

˱

Ϩ

ڸĻͻȻأ뻮һ¾ӡ

ӭظ

ʱ˿̣¾ŰĿΪ׵ϡ
һϮףϢǿơǽڷĴעⷽˮֻ¾ʱôһ̣¾·𰵲زΡ
ܿ죬ջɴ䡣

վᲽŸۡ˹

¾Ӧ΢΢ϥӭظ

أ˵¾ͣ

š

ɤͳ¾ǿƵϢ
ɫĿչ˸θߴ󣬱ֱͦɫƫòӢӲʣһ˫ŵ޲ȴʮѹȣˡ

£¾оϢԶ롣

ֻ˼󣬶ߵĽŲȴͻȻͣ

¾̧ԶĵطվţһԲȴҲټǰˡ
¾Щ죬ֱŵϣ¾ŷӦȥ

˵ĽŲ¾ֻ˼˲١
ƺûĽŲˣǰͣ˲ӡ

ͣ¾߽ԣ΢΢лȡ

¾Կ˲ֻ֪صȴһᲽ
ֻαȷ˲٣ӵƵ첻ʺ¾

⽫ҽԭסīԺ
¾ռ޹ʱҲǾסīԺֻǺ¾ϲԺΪԺмҽս¾ȥԺ

ʱľֱԺʱ¾ȴмֲ죬ε֪ȥԺˣ
ͷ˲ţԺʱ¾Ҫԡ

ء

ԡȴҪ¡

¾£ȴֹˡְֻŪϵĿױ¾ǰ̧ӹеĿףȴͻȻһ˫ס
¾̧䲻׹һ˫ŵ



˵껰󣬱ɿ֡

¾ͷ˼

ҷأײʵϣĿףɼһߡ
ָһԣ¾һص

ʱ¾ͻȻ֪֮⸱ףò

                        
лҪ˵Ů֪֮ǲǻǾԣ
֮ĸʱ䶼Ͼŵ㡣

03

Сĸ£죬ȴҡ
һʱﰲ
¾ҲشһԣŽŵײĵذ壬һʱԡ
ȺգһɺϮ¾󱳷ͻȻƲסؿ˼
ǰ¾ĺ󱳣ǵˡ
¾ҡҡͷʾ¡
Ȼģȴһ
ֻȴʱע¾ӣɫ衣
¾˼ӻģԣδע⵽Ȼصա
ֻȴͻȻоһĿǿƱˡ¾̧ŷ֣ԭӦµ˲֪ʱȻվǰ֮ס
ʱɫɳţȴ˼˵ζ
ɫ̫ɲ⣬¾ȴйɱܵʶ
ǸЦЦŷˣӲʣ˲Ͳˣиˡ
¾΢΢£ǰ֮˲δκεĻӦ
ȴ¾ΪĬˣԲټͣת˳ȥ
ֻ˳ȥһ̣ǲͻȻоһǿƵϢϮ
֪ǽеơ
һҲҶֻ֪һֱŷ߳ȥķɫް
Ժ¾ȥƫԺ
ղŵһڣ¾оƺЩˡ
ӻģ¾֮ϣֳŶЩ
ˣҪūȥУ
¾̾һֻоϢ쳣.ȡ
ˡ
Ѿ磬¾ˣŻ뽪ɡ
ǰǽ¾ԼӶ쳣˽⡣
һǴҩ̳벻ҩ
⸱ȻǰЩȴ̥ಡ
ãҲôˣССķ纮Ƿ
¾
ͷǡ
£ת˳ȥ׼
˳ȥ󲻾ãС˽ˣ븮ˡ
¾ɫƽص˵ͷС˲˳ȥļ󣬱Եѯһ䣬֪ȥˣ
һʣΪֻһСǲ֪һ٣ȴû뵽С˾ȻӦˡ
ԣ¾Ȼ
֪ˡ
ǽʥˡ

ĵȷǽʥˡ
ʱҲ뾩
ǵ
ɭϣǾȻ
ǵ̻ԻͣǷ
ڵĻĿбӣɫࡣ
أμϣꡣ
ͳɤڵм䲻ȴ

£ǵһˬʵЦЦ͸ϡ
䲻ض񣬴˷ƽ򱱣书û
Ĳԣޱ顣
Ǭĵȣ⣬٣֪ȴ̬ǿﶼ͸űľ
޷ⰮΪһƷΣ
Ǭĵȴŵ߰Ҫλ価ܵͨͨӦʡ
ȺˬȻҲǼջġ
һʱ֮ڰ
񣬸֮ϣ֪˫۾ŵλûĽ
ֻɫƽɫʼն޲ֻڻ󣬲΢΢ػϣȷһ󡣡
ԣǬĵĸߵۣĵ
価ֱԡ
ǬĵЦݲһ˫ȵֱֱؿġ
Ⱦ纮δָһ̫ҽ븮ΪҽΡ
أ߹ɫ΢䣬𾪷Ƿ
ôҲ뵽һƷʤսȻҪ
Ǵ˳ȥҪЩ
ҲĻᣬȻ˷ˡ
ǬĵϵЦҲ΢ЦɢˬӦˡ
űԸߵ£޵ҽȥ
ǡߵ¹
лϡ
ǬĵۿģѯʣɻҪ󣿡
ޡ
˳ȥ󣬸߹Сʵϣ˵ҽ᲻ǹˣ
ҽȨȨ磬ټŴʤսڰеߡ
˷ؾвٴ󳼵ſϵ̬ȡ
߸ҽҪǹˣеĽ١
ǬĵϵЦ⽥ȥƬ̺ҡҡͷ
ߵ²졣
Ǭĵ۵⽫ŴʤսܹҪ󣬽ǵ
ߵһͷˮ֪ǬĵǺ˼
ǬĵҲûı˼־Ц⣬ֻҪ󡣡
ԣߵ²ٶԡ
ǬĵĿ
λӣõΪѰѿأһŲᱻɡ
ģһͭǽڣʯ壬ȴһߡ
ˣֻҪ׵ǲɶõı۰
ҪӦҪ󣬻Ҫúûߡ
Ǭĵ۵ȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽɹʹ
ߵɫæǡ
ŻϷŵĳƺ


¾ŲƽȴͻȻ˽
ˣ̫ҽˡ
˵껰ƽԾԣæ˿ڣԣҽˡ
ƽǰһ仰¾죬˿ں¾ɫ΢ʣҽ
ǡƽصͷ
¾һ˼漴ɡ
ƽףæ˳ȥ
ƽһֽӡ
ˡ
ҽ䣬һϮ֮꣬һ֮ʱ΢΢ɤº͡
¾еĲ̧֪ҽǰкҪ£
еǷ֮Ϊ̽ҽ
֪ҽϢ¾ĵױȻֻǴʱҽǵ¾΢΢ʧ
¾׵ͷҽˡ
вӳɣǰ
¾Ҳʮϡ
֪˶ãżջ֣ģֻǷ纮ˡ
˶֪ǸȾ˷纮ֻؼ纮ȴٳٲ
̲סǰҲƹ˵Ƿ纮˼ӡֻǷҩҲˣɷ纮ȴٳٲ
вɷпķùƣ
¾
¾ͷȥðɡ
˳ȥȡ˷
дϸϸеķӣ΢üƬ̧̺ӹҪ²еķ̫ң˵ӳܲסȻòȬ
неҩݸ˽ŵΪ˿һӣ˺üɡ
¾ͷ
ȥһд˷ӣݸ˽
˳ȥ֮ʱеˣмǱӣӹһξͼһΣҩԵöˣͲˡ
滰Ҳĸ롣
¾Цɫ˼ָмл
˳ȥ
תԸѾ߳ץҩ
¾Ҳ֪ʲôͻȻ𣿡
û
ԣ¾˵ͷٶԡ
ҽķӣȻͬһ㡣
ҩץ˺󣬷Ȳһ
ˣҩˣһ롣
¾ͷȻϲҩζΪ˻ǰǽ˲١
ζθˡ
δɣ¾ҩ˸ɾ
ûһҩˣ¾Ϣ
ʱ¾Ȼо˲١
״Ҳ¶ϲɫ̲סޣҽҽȻ
û˲¾ˬ˲٣Ҳ˾
ֻȴһ¡
𣿡
εͷˣ绹ƫԺˡ
ԣ¾Щ⡣
Ƭ̺վ߰ɡ
ȥл
ҽܲǴġ


04

֪Ҫȥҽϸϸѯ˽ʱںδ󣬲Ŵ¾ȥ

鷿

¾īԺԺʱֻԼĶϤ˹δĵġ
ĵ鷿īԺ

¾ȥīԺ

鷿Žգ鷿⡣
¾߽Ҳ

鷳ȥͨһ

¾֪ʲô¾Щ죬ǰ»ߵš

أإ粻ɱ㹪˽ȥɡ

ԣ¾࿴ۣɫŻɡ
⻰š

إȻ֪¾룬δֱֻ̧΢бϣˣ롣

¾˳ƿȥвɲ²⣬Īλ˷ѾϵҪлǰк
˼ȥģƺҲֻ͡

ԣ¾ٳɣᲽ鷿˹ȥ

ֻǴ¾߹֮ķͽȴ

鷿صأ˵Ȳô

ͽһۣإޱ飬Ӳ󲻵òͣ˲ӣ鷿ŷˡ

¾ûע⵽ûиע⵽ˣǶ˱ߵ棬¾ҲӲҪ˸Ž
ϾǱ˵鷿ģصĹػҪء

¾̨ףƿ鷿ţ˽ȥ
⻹һν鷿

»¾Ȼ鷿ȥս¾Ҳ鷿
ο鷿䱸ɭϣ鷿˶ǽߵţˡ
ҲҪ¾ġ
ֻǷżǻ̲סģɴ֮ʱ鷿ѱ׵ˣȥ

ɢ¾Ա˵鷿ûʲôġ
ֻǴʱ˽¾Ŀ⻹鷿ת

ĲͬΪһ鷿ﶼЩ赶ŪǹĶ飬ҲЩ飬֪һȻˡ
鷿򵥣ɾţϰڷɫ飬ֻб飬¾һɨȥȻ廨ţС
Σ£̸֡¾ջۡ

һ˲ȴסˡ

ȵȣ֡

¾ջصĿٴ֮ϣڷܵ롢Ǳ۵ĲѾȴδһġҰ촫

֪䣬¾µĲӱ㲻ƶԽԽԽԽ
ֱǱѽߡ

¾̧֣ҪȥǱȡɴҪǱʱ¾ȴͻȻعʱ֮ء

ﾲĿ£¾ȴֻԼĺ·ֻһˡ
¾ȴ֪ﲻֹһˣΪһĿε

¾ջ֣͵תһǰؿ
۵׺޲һ˿ޣ¾ȴĿ⿴˼Ρ
ִʱǱ龶ֱ뿪鷿ҲǲῪڴġ

ǲͿˣлȻһԡ
¾߽΢΢

ĵĿɾ¾ϣ¾δӷŵʧ̬еȻüʴӡ
˸ʱƽ˼

֪˶ãһ˵

ѳȴδƿ

ˣ¾ܿ
ŵνȥ¾̧նлˡ

лʲôԶ

л¾ʵ⣬ֻǲ֪¾һûиܵˡ
ΪֻӦһ֣δ仯



¾Ż͹Щˣ˷Ļƺе٣
ٵȻ֪νӻ

һʱ

տҪ֮ʱ¾һղ̧ŵ˫
һ¾ʶܡ

Ȼɫܾһ̶ˮ
ÿӣ¾ȴйɲʸУֲʾ۵ð̹Ķǣ¾ಡӣܲãֻܶһɪɪ

¾ֲʸйڶԷǽսɳɱǧȻǷȷӣܲסҲǳ̬

ʱ

¾ָоǹǿƵĽбѹȵҪ

¾룬ѾлˣԻˡ

ҾͲŷˣǡ

أ¾Ȳջۣתߡ
ɽµĲӻδŲ㴫һ

ôл

ԣ¾΢תҪʲôл񣿡

˵ֻؿ

¾䴹ȴҲ֪ڿֻ¾ڵȣڵԼ׿ڵл
ֻôȶٴοڡ

¾ҧҧﲻͣ˼һҪȱĶ
ȥҲһ
ҲǣһȱĶҲһС
·߲ͨ
Ǿֻ߱·ˡ

¾̧ԺýˣǷϲڷһõлΣ

ԺԺⳤһó࣬һóҲ࣬һ㣬ֲԺſڵࡣ
հȥԺʱԺѾ¾ϣŵԻ˹ʱޣýˡ
¾䱦

ûӦ

¾ԼҲл񵥱Ͼ⽫κζģ
Բʲôл񣬶ֻǽ軨׷ˡ
֮һлΪԻģһѪ
˵ϵġ

ֻٳٲӦ¾Щ޲ˡ
ֿʼűл

˼ȥģ¾Ҳû뵽
ǰл¾Щ᲻á

֪˶ã¾

򵥵һ֣¾ȴظ

Ŀã



¾̧ʶѯʣ¾ǿá

ǿĴЩïʢЩ



һ

¾߳鷿йؼյĴ
صԺ·ʱ¾Ĳͣͣ

϶ǵ׺Щѩ׵С
ֻòˣµǳ˲Ӳݡ

¾ջĿ⣬Ჽ˽ȥ



ҹ¾ùź󣬱ĻԺ
ǰԥԼ¾ΪҹҪƣȴû뵽һŵĹˡ
ϻһ˿ޡ

¾ԥھǵķ˾̲סᡣ
ûоҲû֬ˮ۵ϢϵϢһ㣬ģȴйѹȸС

ûȻƣ

δȥ磿

¾ѯʣˣ

δţ÷Ըŷ׼

ϴ֣ӹС˵Ľ˲Ӧˡ

ˡ

Ȼ֪ˣ¾ûˡ
ĵҲֻǷţְ
Ǻ˭һţţǾ޹ˡ

¾˵ͷ

˱ˮ¾߽ȴǷҪȥźԡ
¾Լְȴ治ɫһϤԵ.壬Ը˸רźԡѾ߽ȥˡ

֮ǰҽҩʱҩ¾Щġ
תᲽȥϣȴַűԸȥź򽫾ԡѾ˳

¾죬Ѿ߽ŤŤصˣū澳ȥ

ԣ¾üѾߺҧŴҲ֪ô£ۿ΢΢죬¾˻û£ȥϢɡ

ȻҪǱˡ

                        
лҪ˵Ǳ
㿴˼ȿƵϷ

05

Ѿת˳ȥ

¾վԭĬһ˲ɫᣬŲȻӲͷƤȥɣκӻģ¾ת齴ȥ
ֻ߽齱Ϻ¾ȴͣ˲ӣûһˣڴ֮ϣ¾˾תȥһԵ

ʱͬա
⸮ϵˡϵķˣǰ⡣

¾ϣصȴԡ
ֻûһ¾ľЩֵסӵķˡ
룬¾ֳһԵϣԴȥĵţʱδһ
¾ԼԳǺĵġ
ֻû뵽ҩľôȻڲֱ֪ۣſ˯˹ȥ

ֵʱ򣬽ɴӾ˳
˵˲㲶׽ſ˯ˡ
С𪣬ҫ£ӳͣü۽գ˰ĶׯȻǲµӣִ

Ӧʱ䶼ûУֻܿŽһһˡ

¾ǰ
ߴǡڵס⣬Ӱ¾ϣСŮ˰ʵʵһ˿©

ס

Ŀڵ棬ʱƣĵԽż
ĽŭΪ˹ˡ

ļ٣ɴۣһѴȣ׳ŵӴһѷ˳ѡ
Ȼ˾ٻ죬Ϊ˷ˣĸԸ
ǣȴƶ

ûüԼʱ߱㴫˽Įɤ

¡

΢ʶǷˡô졣

ֻ⻰ûڣͻȻһ˲䣬ȫĺëĻرڿУ߶µػӦǡ

Ϣ˳ȥ

֮ʣ̲ס̧￴һۡ
ֻܿıӰˡ
ֻǻãʱٿıӰȻ쳣͡

᣿

һæš

Ȼûг¾
ƽ¾ѣֻǽգǷ纮أַҩҩ¾ʼնûѹ
˰ȥ˴֮ϣЬӣ¾Ȼȫ˯Ҳδѹ

ֻ֪һҹƺǳȣǴһ㣬ΧĿȵģӵĺس

¾ΪĴֱ峿оģǱĽžȻҲ˺¾֪ԭǴ
λӿˣ±䣬¾֮ǰÿһʱĳͬС졣
ͬ˯ڴࡣ

¾ˡ

˽ˡ

¾ѯʣأ

ڳ

ԣ¾ͷ

Ҫ𣿡߽ѯʡ

ɡ

ˣˡ
¾˼ļЩģˣ˯࣬Ӧҹģֻǲ֪ǺʱģȻ֪顣

ź¾ϴˣʱ¾ٴμ˷

ŵĹʮְ

¾Ϊǰִ˶ʮ꣬ϰԼвˣû뵽Ϊһ߾ȻҲûѾߺС˲š
ĵ׶мϡ档
¾֮Իôϡ棬ҲΪǼ¸⸱ϵĵĸϣûټʶʲôν˼ҵĹء
ûƷϵĹȴ١

ʱ¾޵ع۲Եÿ죬ȴʮŹۣ⣬ֹ͸

¾룬ǰһСǰС

ĵĶһ٣̧

Ц磬԰ӡ

һĻ˲ʿˮҲðЩ
֪ϵȴһ
֮ûΪţΪϵ˶֪ϲˣǾʳ˿µʳܲŵ˫Ǹɾġ
ɴʱ˲Ϊţŵ˫ӻùˡ

񣬿ŷЦòãĵײɵ˼ϧ֮顣
ôôҲ֪ܲܳסŭ

ֻûзǽӲǽûзŭӦˡ



˱ԥؼ˷˼йǸӣ治ɫĳˡ
Ӳ֮˵һֲ˼֮С
¾ﶼ˼뾴η

¾Ȼ֪룬֮ԻļһӣΪֻʳ÷ǰţ¾Ϊзǰİӡ
ڼҪúˡȡ¾ȻҪƽˣϵķһӡ
ֻ¾û뵽һӰˣȻԼڸеĵλһ㡣

ź¾ͻȻĵպˣϢصҡ

ƺǵһ˵ô֣¾һ˼˼
ģļҲѣļͣϵȻ󡭡ûȻˡ
ǡ˯ˣ

¾̧ŵ˫Ƭ̺˵ͷá

ӦĲת뿪

ԶȥıӰ¾룬ϵķȻӳЩദͦɵġ
ĿǰȻ඼ûи飬Ҫྴѡ
ò



ȥ˾Ӫ¾ңϢȴ˲֮͡

¾غŲ裬ɫȻֻڲˮðУԳ⡣

һ˻ੲݵ˵Ż
СҲ֪ģΪĻ£үͷղͣΨֱ

˵Ǹӣ۵ȴðž⡣

Ժү˼跹˼ӹһձһݣܻȥ̽һۡ

ԽգүͷǲūϽСͽӣպүʮٳϣʹС㶼档

һصɡ

¾ЦЦеĲյӡ

˭ģ

㶣Ӧүͷˡ

𡣡

ƮƮ֣ȴ¾ǵȻ񿴵÷ֻӲͷƤӦǡ

εȷүͷģֻ˲̫Ըˡ

Ȼ֪¾ΪλôѯʣΪǰʱҲ
ֻǴǷǰ֮ˣպ¸еٳػظ롣

¾ЦЦΪҵĻ£ĸȷղͣһʥּұȥ˽

ԣĺ΢΢ȴҲֻӲһĨЦҲΪ˴Сá

͡¾Ц

ЦӲŵ˫ȷ

¾Ҳżµؿ
֪˶ã¾Żص˵ͷɫƽʮٳŮӦظ٣һȥġ

ԣ轥ϲȴԥһ䣬ǽأ

¾ЦЦ

񿴵ͷƤ飬֪˶ãƵصǸҾˣ⣬Լȥǰ룿

                        
лҪ˵ˣˡ

06

Լȥǰ룿

ô룬̲סսүĽҧҧֵС紵ͷ磿Ҳ֪үͷ˴һƬģӲʱļױǼóȥ⾩Ҳŵġ

ҽһˣɴ˵ҲүŮǰүʮٳҽҲ¶

Խ˵ԽСηɡ

¾ȴ
̧ŴʱվΨΨŵŵηηš˵һ裬¾ЩЦʱᵽʲôˮǴߡٻˡ

ʱ˵СĽˡ

˵ģ⽻̸ȴ̧ȥ¾Цص

ҿɻǵء

˫һŵö£ū

ʲôū
޿̽˻ݺݵص費һԳ𣿡

¾ϵЦⲻҲϽֻؿ裬Цмֳ

УҼСʱļױʲôʱϹϵˣǶϷСģ¸ûһ˿һĹϵ˵Ϲ

豻˵ƿԡ䤱ôҲ뵽ֺбۿˣȴ֮
ò׼һĨЦݳͼϡ࣬»С

СĲҲүġ

⻰˵ʵҪСͨ죬ƨ

ƺû뵽Ȼ˵˴׵ĻЩ㵵ؿ

ʱԵˣһ˿Ⱥѿǣֻ¶Ļˣ

湻ģ⵵֪ܵĻ˵

Ϊϵĸ¸Ҳǰӣܾ𾴣δ˸˶˵
ԴʱԽĻ豻һӻȴŭԡ
ɫѿˡ

¾Ҳϣ˶Ц񡣡

ͣȴĹĵؿ衣

¾裬ȥɣʮٳһظٵġ

ûᵽ
仹мԥȴֲҼֻͣ΢˳ȥ

˳ȥ󣬽̲סˣҪȥ𣿡



¸˶Ѿ˽ǲװװӻظ٣Ȼͷڮ١
Լ䲻ɽȴܲ⡣

ҧҧüǷͲģڽսӲ÷˻ظ٣һ̬ˣޣ

ƺòᣬ߷߲ƽصģ

񻹼ǵǰΪ»ձս˽ֵĴʲôǲǲֻ֪ǽû뵽¸˾ȻҲûȷһš
һ˽߷ˣ˺үٳ˲ػظף١
ΪƲɾ

˵裬һҲǡ

ʱŷ˲Цݣĵ׵ŭ𽥽ȥίȴԽԽŨ

ױСߣȷ磬СֻϷС㡣
ϷȴСʮˣ˵С
ҲΪ˸˹
û뵽ǰСӻȥ󣬲ŲʣûϷСļҲ
ϷǰۣСļױ˳Щӵ˿ɲСױ

ۿ΢΢ͷı¾֡

¾ʱҲ£ûע⵽ʧ

֪룬¾ƻʧЦ
Ȼ⸱Ӳʮ꣬ȴֹʮ꣬ǰģܹʮüˡ
ĸÿ֮ʱ϶ظ¾Сľˡ
º¾䲻֪ĸǺԢ⣬ȴۣ´Ʋתˡ
µģЩԸڳ˿İˡ

ڴ£֪¾ȥҲδ߹
֪룬¾ǻϤ̯ơ
ֻǽ¾ģҲҲ֮¡

¾յˮʱѾ̣¾Сһڣȵˮӣ¾ҪһЩ¡
պȥ¸٣ǷҪġ

¾ȻȰ˵ĸ¸һûôͣȰ˵ϯһƷԱ磬¾ҲԸĲⳡ磬ƽ׸¸
ο¸ʱ˼Ȼ

˼ǰģ¾վ¸ġ
ʵվĵ룬ҲҪϯⳡ硣¾ģ濪ڸˣΪΪѡ

ˣ¾ˣԴˡ
¾ؿһҲ¾죬񡣡

һæ˹ȥµصôˣ

¾ϸϸؿ˫˸ۿ΢΢죬ЦŵģȴҲڵס
ǴСһ𳤴ģ¾һ˼֪롣
ЩΣҲܶԽֱԣ¾Զ⸱ӵĵ޸顣

¾ҳȥ߰ɡ

ͷ߽¾

¾룬˵棬ȥɢɢİɡ

ͶᲽȥ

ֻڸȥԺſʱ¾ȴͣ˲ӣĿڴʱԺſڵ³ЩСϡ

С˿æ߽밲

ˡ

¾ǷԸǳݵ𣿡

Щݶ¾ֳġ

СҡͷǽԸūųݵġ

ԣ¾죬˶³ݵļϣֲһ¡
¾²⣬ĸ˼˵ǿǱԺӵǿãԺӵǿá
ڷԸС˳ݵǿġ

¾룬ǿѣòǽġ

֪Сȴ治ɫݲȵصū֪ԸľǳµĲݡ

¾΢룬ˣĸԸˣȳǿµĲݰˡ

¾˵ͷڵһ䣬ˡ

˵գᲽˡ

ֻǴߺС˻¾ʱ˵Ļȴ˲

ˣ

ȷģʱǵã罫ʱЩӲʱ
ǿɲڿӲݡ

¾ڽתת
쵽ʱ¾ŻԺ

ֻ·Ժſʱ¾Ŀ֮¡
ʱųݵЩСѾˣǿµӲҲĸɸɾֻǡ

¾ĿһƶǿµӲȴɳš
ŷС˵Ļ¾ǻɣŪˡ
ûֻǿµӲݣڽǿµӲȴ֮

¾죬֪ڶգ鷢ˡ
¾ԭԺȻһࡣ
ԭǿԵҲˡ
Եǿ¾ĵǿá

¾ĬĬ̧ǡƼճݵλСˡ
߽¾ѯʣôˣ

С˹ط˵ĻǽԸġ

ķԸģ

¾죬֪ΪΣ

СǸЦЦūŲ֪

С˵ȷֻ֪ԸԵҲ࣬ʲôҲû˵
ΪʱѾ鷳ԻѰʦǵԲˡ

¾ĿŲïϣһһСʵǵ׺Щ꣬
¾ֻ룬ʱˣҲ֪껹ܲܽӡ

ҹ

¾˼ؿŴʱ￴ĳˡ
ֹ
Ĳ֪ˣ¾˳ڡ

ΪҪԸ˰ǿԵһࣿ

ѵù¾ĺġ

ɫ糣ֻǳŵ˫ȴؿĬãջۣǱá

¾

                        
лҪ˵ģǿҲҪϱ
¾޶ڶң֣

07

¾ϣȴֲѽܡ
رڿʼն̹Ȼɫ¾ȫһ㣬ǿ

ֻ

¾ЦЦίʵɲԣǾһ㣬ҴɸһǿԲ͡

¾ֻǾԷ£οԺһһңøոպá

֪¾Ļһ䣬ȴͻȻķĶͣ
¾ע⵽ˣ漴̧ɫƽֻڵ˫ȴ͸Źɽ档

˱ˡ

¾һƿԡ

գ¾ڻԵĺ˱ˣű̲סЦ˳
ҹʱɫ̫棬¾
ɴʱ¾۵׵ЦԽԽһˣ˱̸֮

ô룬⸮гĻݲݣˣȻǺ˱ˣ

޻̸֮

ʱʱ˵ЦɵЩ棬ټЦɡ

Ц£

ѯʣ¾˹ȥЦҡҡͷ¡

ֻ¾ͻȻ֣λ˷żͦȤġ

ԣ죬Щʧջۣûһ̲ס˹ȥôһཱུøˡ
˵£ϵЦȴ˿
Ƿ˿Ե£
ʧ䣬ڶԸȤˡ

ƵƵԽԽʧ䣬¾᲻֪룬ЩΣֻò¹ؽҪ

ԣһ¾գգۣĵ׵ĺʱɢСԴҡø˹ƵģžȻһ

ˡ

ٺЦ¶ֻҪ¹ؽˣЦ
񲻽ûǸȥЦҴʱﾹӿֳ˸

ķӦ¾֮УģȤ¾ⶺͦȤģһ

Цñȿ޻ѿ͵ҡͷ

Ĳ¾ջ

СᶨҲ

˺ͼյ̫ˡ

۵׵ϷʣǷԸŰɡ
֪ģʹֵһ䣬ҲŮˣǷ˺ͽ֮Сܡ

ԣ¾ջۣδӦ۵׵Цȴȥ˼ġ

أ

Ժأ¹ܼһѾߺС븮ѵء

¾˵ͷ³¹ܼǰ
ĽڴˣסĽǰŸ޽޹ʱſ븮
⸮ϵѾߺС˲ࡣ
⽫ֻ¾ȥսϵЩѾСź¾´ࡣ
ֻ񽫾ظˣǲͬԳ¹ܼҲн˼ѾߺСˡ

£¾߰ɣҲȥơ

û뵽¾ڼ¾ʱԾһ˲
漴߽밲ˡ

¾ףĿԺ¹ܼұվнѾߺСˡ
ݾЩˡ
һȥȫСˣǰվѾߡ

ЩС˺Ѿ߶ǽղнģ¾
ټ϶Ǵֱ֮ˣ٣ڼ¾߽֮ʱֻ֪Ժ˸ˣòɣֻվǶƲۡ

Щ˵ķӦӳ¹ܼüȥɫͱˣæת߽밲ˡ

¾˵ͷĵѯʣнѾأ

¾ΪǷֿѵġ
ϾѾߡ

¾Ļó¹ܼ˰죬Ƿ跴Ӧÿ죬æûˣѾߡ

¾΢ȥ
סԺĵʳסҲԺīԺȴҲûҪĵشҲ١
ҪѾС˸Ҳ١
ɴʱȴֻѾߡ

¾վ΢΢¹ܼңѾź򽫾𣿡

Ĵʱ䲻̫˽⣬¹ܼҲͬδ޹ʱǳ¹ܼ¶Խϰ߷棬¹ܼұ˽⡣

γ¹ܼ˷˵ĻˣѾźġ

ԣ¾һ٣Ŀɻ

¹ܼҿ˷ɫ˼ЦͣߴӲѾź򡣡

⵹Ǿȵ¾

ΪΣ

¹ܼĬĬŵϲŮӽ

ԣ¾ʧ
֪ΪΣ¾ͻȻҹԸѾ߽뾻źԡȴˡ
ʱѾ΢ۿ¾Ȼ򣬿ǲ˽λ˷

¾˵ͷٶԡ

ûмѯʵ˼¹ܼǰһǷˡ

⻰ǶԺӵһ˵ġ

վԺһ𾪣æǹ밲μˡ

밲̬Բһ
״¾Ҳͣˣ֪¹ܼҺͷҪϰĹػࡣ
㲻˷ǵʱˡ

ȥ·¾ϸϸ룬ֲȢȴԭ顣

¾˼̧һӭ
θߴ󣬾ٲ磬ӲӢ򣬾ֹ䲻ŭ

˵ĵǾ߱Ůӻǣӵء
һˣܹסŮ˻ģϹɫҪģϵǹɰȫС
ģϹ¾֪ۿɼ浹ǼƷ

һ˲ϲŮӽ޷Ǿԭ
ҪôϲӣҪôǽԺá

߽¾ع밲



¾վ⺮ѣҪ



Ӧ¾ʣȴû뵽ڣȥӪ

ԣ¾⣬֮ɫܿ㱻¾ڸȥء

¾ףصȴᲽȥ

֪ȴᲽ࣬ɤ¾ͷ˹

߰ɡ

߰ɣ

¾ɻ󣬴ֻ̧ıӰȥķԺ
¾Ҫصķ
¾֪Ǻ⣬ȴǸȥ

߽Ժſʱżͣ˲ӣŲصҡ

¾ͷǡ

£¾㰲

֪ô£¾˻ԥϷ䵽Ӫǵһա

¾ϵЦݲ䣬Ӧһ䣬ǡ

¾֪Ǻ˼
ԥǵϵֵͬܣȴǸħҷԡ
ϻὫ䷢䵽ӪŽӪĥĥӡ
ǵһգԥӣӪȻᰲ֡
ΪҲΨһԥķڷˣھӪԥò

תȥ

¾̧ıӰĥˡ

ԥ

¾Ǽԥǳ
»գԥ¾Ƕ֮Уԥһͷȡ
սʽԥȴҲʱʱðݡ
ĻؾһԥȲɡ

¾ʱãǸжԥַԣҪˡ

Ҳ˵׼û᣿

¾ЦЦ˷ϲˣǽԺáֻһأ
Ŷ¾ͻȻһ˲ϲŮӽһֿܡ
١

ֿܣ¾ԽᶨὫ¸ףһ¸ġ
Ͼ˭֪¸жٶĻŮˣ

ϲ¾Ը֮˲´˽ۣ¾ѵ̯ӡ

                        
лҪ˵ϲŮӽпΪ١
һѵģȷֿܣ©ˣţϾȥġ

08

պ
¾Ҫ¸ٵʱա
¾ǲΪ⣬ûϣȴ硣
տʼ㷭䵹Ƕװװ¾еζ˸飬ٓʽζæòֺ
¾ҲȥɵƼóǼȹ¾ȻʧЦ
ʵ̫ˡ
õȥ¸깩޲˿ɷβȹ
պ멣ģɫã֪ģΪʮٳ
¾˻ŵʵҾ΢һ¾ͺá
ôš
һãȻеȹֿ¾ͷ΢簡
΢硣
˵ȹǺεȵķƾ¸깩ȥ˵
¾֪ǵǻ¸˿ᣬԲʰ磬ǴȥþͲ˸߿ˣǳ޵ˡ
뵽Ϊķգ¾еĻֱԣֻίصպϯỹ࣬ǿԷڸҪĳϴ
ԣüƺ˼¾Ե仰Ƭ̧̺¾վǺҪĳϡ
¾
¾˵䣬ߴ٣ˣԥˣ쵽ʱˡ
˵գкѾ߹Ϊ˸¡
¾ԥã̾Žˡ
ȹҴҲʮַӡ
ѾӣŵΪ¾׵
űǽһʱױ
һжʰ׵˺󣬽ջ֣Ŀ˾ķˣɵþ
ˣ
˵⻰ʱɫ㱡
òۺ飬ƴСʩ죬֮ܿˡ֬üϣ˫ͫˮһһЦǷˡ
ƽﲻױòǼƷʱʩ죬ܹǡ
ãģڴߣֹᱻ˵ǹƻĵȥһѻˡ
ԽԽףޣ
񣬺Цˣ¿Ҫˣ
¾ɫʱѽʱ˵ͷ߰ɡ
ʱȥոպã粻
¾ȥ
·ϣͻȻһ£ˣ¸߽𣿡
¾ûС
ԣĬһ˲ֵҪǴأ
ˣ
¾ĲӶ˶٣ȥĵػӦ£¹ܼһ߽
ԣٶԡ
⸮Ⱥʱ
֪ΪΣ߽ʱȴͻȻͣС˼
¾죬صûһ̧򴽵ˣȥƽϣ
ķ˱۸
ԣ¾ʧЦˡ
üԥ¾ˣȣǽˣɮҲҪ档޷ǾˣˣƤӣҶ۸ң뽫ԡ
룬Ҳԣ񲻸ҶԷô޷ǾˣˣƤӣ˵ЩĻ
Щܸ㶨
ȥˡ
ˣ¾˽ӡ
ƵʻУҡҡλΡ
¾ȥ󣬽Ҳ˳ȥ˾Ӫ

ʱ¸ȴǸ֡
ǾҪȵʲôʱ򣿡
һŮüۼȴǲ
վһԵĸɫȴҲôÿ
δӦɫڷ꣬սȭ¾ƾʲôȣ
վ̲סˣ㻹ΪƾҲ𣿡
Ҳ֪ʲôʺˣȻּͻ飬Ǽ޸üǼʡ
Ų֪뵽ʲô¾ֳЦһƾʲôͣҿ޷ҲǱʰˡ
ҽ»ձսȻǲϲ¾ˣ
˾ǼˣĶᣡ
dڻһۣüӣ˻򲻿˵
ѵȵĲͷˣ⽫ˣԸѹӵȣֻҪһ뵽վ⡢ĵȵ¾ĵ׵ļޱԽԽ
¾ƾʲô
Ǹ̻һͭζ
Ѿ˶ˣ¾ż޸ڼӡĿˣ
dڳĬԽ˵ԽΪ޸˽ܷ֦ͷˣһ׶ǮϢһӶĨ
մ۷ɫȹ˸һױ޵װȴݶԳ˼Υ͡

dǳ⣬ʮȴӢݿʣµѬգһϢܿʱòס
dڷŭƷŭĵȴɶݺݵ룬˾Ǽˣ˻δ˺޲
dڻ˿߽Ҫ֪⾩ҽϹϵܽĽã¸ǰ;
һԵ䲻ԸȴҲòŰġ
Ͼ±СҪǵ̫ˡ
±ϵĶӣĵܵܣʮꡣ
˼Ǿþƾҽ𣿡
㻹ǵʱ˵Ļ
ܲҲô֪
dҲüȴǱһ˿ϣ
ʱ߽
ϵƺʲôص˵ͷ
״d¶ЦݣǴĿɲ֡
֪СŮӡ
ԥδӦʱͻȻ˴󺰣ˡ
ڸһ쳤˲ӣڼתǴʻһӡ
ǽı־
dɫǽ߽ͣæᲽȥ
һͬȥģбĿˡ
ǰһ̧һԵdڡ
򴽣ֻعͷȥ
̧
˱һ˫ϸۡ޹ǵСִӽ̽˳󴦸¶һػ䡣
űһŮӴӽ︩˳Ǵգڳ˵һ
Ǿɫˡ
ֱ¾߳˽ӡ
òڳ˲ɵĿת
dڣ¾ظ
dȴӦ˽ֱûˣʣҽأ
¾治ɫﷱæÿС
ԣdſ
ϵЦԵȥ˵ʲôȴüת߰ɡ
үᲽȥֿվڽ¾
¾ݺЦ˭ҲûֻǾվǣ˵Ŀ㲻ϡ
ر㣬۾ð̹ˡ
¾ľȻ¸깩ȫﶼһ
ٿ¾ݹѾҲѹޣǽˡ
Ŀ¾µСϣָǼˣһͷ
dڴ߹̵һ¼ӰˣȻָ
Ҳ֪dûֻǽµĲδͣˡ
ЦЦᲽ߽¾ɡȻݲͬ¸ҲôļңҲһˡ
⻰˵Ŀ
Ͳһ塢治ТñֱӸ¾ϡ
¾ذִ˳΢΢ĸ
ϵЦݸŵӴҿܲ𡣡
ô˵ȴҲһѡ
¾ЦЦվ
ĸǿظɣ˹Ȳ͡
ԣϵЦ⽩Ӳ
һи͵ЦⲻǱ˵
̧¾ƵЦӳ
ĬƬ̣ͻȻЦݣкȥɣվˡ
dڲǸƷԺѧʿԽղٳҲƷµġ
ʱܶ£ȴҲҴֻ͵Ϸ
Ҳȥһ
ɻ£ȴδ˻Ӧ
ߵѾ߾Ȼֱؿ¾
ҧ͵ֽ̧ѾϣѾ߱۵õг
ʱеĿ⡣
һѾϣѾڹڵϡ
ʲôУ¼˶𣿡
Ѿɪڵϣҳ
¾޶ãᲽȥ
еϲû¡
Ӵˣж󣿡Цͭζûţ
㣡ŭĿӡ
ǰһֺصôһͼѾҲҺҽа壿
¾ǻعͷʱѾ࣬ȴм˵ſϷ
£
ɴָۣ㡭㾹Ȼҹ򣿡
¾ˮӰرУƮƮصôѵù𣿡
ʱЦˣС㣬СǶķˣ仹δھܶСܵġ


09

¸⼸˽֣ϵĲҲͣ
Ū󣬼ʱ߽Ӵңⶼˡ
˵գ㣬ֵ񾰶ݲͬˣ㻹񣡡

㲻ŵؿϣû뵽ϾȻվ¾Ƿ

ٳٲ֣¾ţ񰡡

˲֪ʲôѶϢŭɶȴԹԵع

״¾ǰһɤͣض񡣡

㣡

̧ŭӣϺЦƣⲻͺˣ

һ˵һ㡣

¾ؿһۣתȥ

¾ȥҧȥ

֣Цͣи񣿻Ҫɣ

üû뵽⻰Ȼ˵ġ

ûŵǷѵҲˣ

ϵЦⲻ۵ףᰲҪԵǰǡ

⻰

ƺʲô

˽ȥϸʲô

˵գ̧ߣ֪뵽ʲôǾ۵׵ŭⱻһĨ񸲸ǡ



ʱʼ

пԺŮԺ

ʱԺdڵɫѿ
رЩǰٵĹԱǵʱdڵЩûضš

һ˴սȵѧʿ˵ҽôûأ

ǰҽأ

ҷźƼѧʿŮĽˣ⽫ѾˣҲûҽ

dڵɫһ罩Ӳй˼ɣòЦЦԲҽæⲻǸССˣܱȵΪϷء

ἰΪϷǣ֪Ȥر죬Ҷԡ
ȴҲղЦЦ

סˣdڷ¾ƱɫԽԽѿ

һߣԺŮ͵ϯλϣȴѻȸ
ڳĸδŮӶϢع۲¾еۣеļʣеǳϷ

¾ʼնɫȻ˭Ҳû

һ粻²

ֱⳡŮǽƫϢ

һѾ߽¾һˣӵˡ

¾΢ۡ

Ҳߡ

ⲻҵġ¾ջۡ

˸֡Ѿ

ҿһ߽Ѿжӣǽһ֣ϵȷ˸֡

Ǹ˿¾ɫɣԥѯʣĲӣ

¾̧Ųæصǡ

⡭

û˵꣬

˵˲Ҽҷ˵ӾͲǣԼҵӻϲ𣿡

Ǹڨڨر졣

¾˳Ѿߣںδģ

ѾС԰ļɽ档

ԣ¾ɫĮȻδȥⲻҵӡ

⡭Ѿԥ

ʱϵȻˣǱ㽫ӽɣѰʧ

ǸæеĽݸѾߣʹȥȥȥùȥ

˵ĸǾǶԺƷµķˣϸ׵Ĳ

ҷˣ㳤̸Ҳÿ

ϲ¾¸깩ֻ֪ˣֻǽ

¾ЦЦ

轫ǽȥ

ʱϺЦλȲɡ
˵գˣ衣

£űѾɵض˲һһΪĸ˺С衣

ֻ·¾ʱ֪⻹⣬һѾͻȻײ¾ѾߣѾеĲ͵һ൹ȥˮ㲻С¾ȹϡ

һĻ¶˵Цݡ

ˤѾ߻Żŵعڵϣæǿͷϴū澸ū澸

Ϊ¾ѾҲڵ

Ŀ۽һ

״Ϸվŭȣ趼ܳ

Ѿ߹ڵɪɪ

ȥ췣

ѾӦǡ
˵գͼ

ʱ¾ͻȻš

ѾһҶˡ

¾ϣƽ췣𣿡

ü֪¾Ժ⣬ֻܵѾ߳˴͸÷

Ǹñ¾еطʣˮʪô죿

һۣЦˣ⡭

һи˽ӻˣϴ˲ǣ

һ˵һ߿ˣֵ٩
ҲźЦӦͣûнӻȴ˼Цݡ

¾ǰ̸Цɺ˺¾ŲŲæص¸깩

أ԰
¸һѾͲϴϴô򵥡
ο¸깩
ֵơ

ʱ̸Ц٩Щ˽ɫӲرǷ˵ȥϴϴǸˡ
һʱ֮䣬˵Ŀƺֻصϡ

ϵɫס

ĸˣȻ˵¸ȴٽӴҲ׼ôһ¸ѣǵųϯʱ򴩡
Զֻ֪¾ϳˣҼޣȴϳ¸깩ϡ

ϳ¾¸깩ΪϳˣԲŸˡ
´۲ء
ϣ۵׵ʹ֮ɫԽԽ

ϲ֪룬֪¸깩ƻỻӡ

ɴʱ

ϽӲЦЦֻܳƤԺ⣿

¾˵ϲѾߣѾ߷ӹ̲ܽ

ۡ

иƺ²⵽¾˼һС˭֪¸깩Ǯ𣿡

أĿЩ˵Ժתƣȴҵڡ

¾ҲżصȣܴʱЬƺѾ͸˲ˮűġ

˼¸ˣƤЦⲻЦ

¸⣿

˿¾

ʱҲ¾˼ݺݵص

¾ЦЦĸôô룬ѼȥҲǵŮһѰˣֵǮô˵ҲֻΪ˸ĸѣպɵúúùܽˡˮϱҲˣǲСĽˮϣʧǮС¸Ǵˡ



ؼϵɫһһذǰϡ
ƺһε

֪˶ãͻȻЦ˳һһصǾ¡

ʲôһ·ˣֵǮ
˵Ϻס

Ϻúùܽˣ
ĸ˶̲ܽǳ.衣

¾ϣԣ΢΢عͷ

ʱ˿¾񶼱ˡ
ΪǸεεŮӣŮӲ򵥰
϶ƿԣ

һˣ˻طɾѡ

ƺѾˡ

¾ϸ˸ĸˡ

ת˳ȥ

¾߳ȥ֮һɽӲϢ֮С
ϵɫѿҲԸȥùͷԣĬԡ
ǵһμסɫˡ

¾˳ȥ񿿽Сˣſ

ʧһѣϵֵ

¾ЦһۣܾѾǹġ

ԣ΢㶡

¾ɫ˼Ҳ֪ǲĴ
ĴϾʲô̡
һѣаš

ʱͻȻͣ˲ӣסСɫѿ

ôˣ

СۣЩѿ¾ҧˣū澶ۣܲȥһé

ȷʵܣ¾˵ͷȥɡ

ԣСʹæܿſȥء

뿪֮ǰѾ߻ˣ

¾ȥԺڻ룬¸ûʳ¸Ķ
ϸ¾֣ǵýʳ¸Ķһˮȹ
Ȼʳ¸ĶǽʱĶ۾¸޹أԵˡ

·ķȥ¾δǰ¸סԺӣﻹ¾ûߵѡ
סԺЩƫƧԽԽԶҲԽԽ

¾̧Ϥܣ֪ΪΣͻȻֲʸУɫҲԽԽ
ʱͻȻ˴ӺЮסһס죬һԵļɽ

¾ۣ˼֮ͣӡ
ô

ֱȥһƫƧأӲ˵˻

Сãˡ

¾һĳȥ
֮ǮϵԶݣҲ¾࿴£Ȼ¾Ӳϣ
¾ֿܣȴΨ©˴ˡû뵽ȻҲ¸ҽٳ

Ǯֽ§¾ϣ¾ڼɽϡ
һ˫ǲ۾Ե¾

СãҸôǵˣ

ӣ

¾Ǯöס죬Ժ˷Ѿ߳ӣĿͻȻһ
ӾȻģ
˾㲻Ϊ
¾˻ǿԼ

Ǯﰹ¾



Ǯɫ㱣һ˼󣬱㾪Ϊˣ˼ҹ룬ÿÿһ߲·ȣ.͡
϶ȫļҲΪȢҲӦû뵽󾹱ϴ˻顣

գҲ磬Ǯ㰵עĶ
һֱ󣬲֪ΪΣǮﾹȻ֡
ǮȻĵɴʱڿ¾òɫ.սʤǡ
ţѾٳˣˬˡ
ĵҲ
һΣҲĸԸ

۵׵ԽԽأ¾ֱƽ,¾ͻȻ̧ȣһ.֮䡣

Ǯг



ô˻ᣬ¾һ˦תܣһܻһӡ
ȣ֪뵽ʲô¾Ӳ
ֻܡ

¾ˣǮ﹪׷ȥ

ĽŲ¾Ļңֻһ֣ܡ
ŲȴԽԽƽ

ֱǮһץסЦ⣬ܰ㵹Ǽܰ

¾ɫ԰ףȴΪ侲֪֪ʲô
Ǯ۵һ˿־壬¾ǵޣǼȥֻ·һ

ǮǽָĿ¾ϡ
ʱ¾Ȼ˼ֶׯȻɫȴһ;촽Ʋۡ
Ǯò׻ָǶʱɢĿ̰¾ϡ

û°㣬ҲԸ⡣
ǮͻȻЦǾԶһˡ

ӣ

ʱ¾ڻˣǮﻹʧ͵˰˰

¾ʱѾ˲ǻ˹ĺˡ

Ǯ͵һס¾죬¾ɽϡ

ڱ϶֮ʣ¾ĿڵϿٵͼ͵ҵ
һʯͷҲá

ʱ¾ͻȻоһ󼲷Ϯţһ˫ǽڷĴסǮס¾֣ͻȻһڿǮʧС



ǵǹͷ˷

¾̧ͻȻǮ˳ȥ͵ػڼɽϣȻϣһѪ˳
ͬʱǮײļɽȻء

¾һĻ

ʮů

                        
лҪ˵£Ů˵䡣
Ů˲񣬲ģûԤֻ֪
ŮôҲ©ʱ磬Ů뵽ǮҲ¸˵Ϊps:Ůȥδع¸֮ǣŮѾ겻Ǯˡ
ŮûɵƫƧطߣȥĵطסԺӡ
ٶ˵һ䣬ûҲŮ£

10

ײڵϵǮֻ.˹ȥ
еѪֱһֻ¶ڵŤ۵
ģҲ̶á

¾ľվԭأܴʱĻ㹻ȴƺܲһ˿ůܿ죬ֽű

ô侲ȻվһŮӣھһº¾ѽϿƽ
ټڴĹŴǱȻԸ¾žˣǱӱڻˡ
һϵķˡ

¾̧ͷΪǲ̧ͷҲܸܵϵĺ
ǽµ಻ʤʱϵǹɱ֮ȼ⵶УŰ
˲

ܿտյš
¾شĻԣҲ
ֻܸܵƵ¶ȴӺԴԴϵش룬¾ŬԼƽ

֪ʱ¾ʱֱС
ɢ

¾̧ɤеƣҡ

˵ʲôԼҲ֪

ʱͻȻ˲ٸ˵Ľ̸ζ𾰵˼

أ

úõһˣô˵˾Ͳˣ

Ұɡ

¾еĻ˻ȥƽЩҡ
̫֮ɺϣɴʱС԰ȷʵ˲ٸˡ

¾˶ͼĻ뿪ҪŻʣʱαװһֳ
ȻűĿˣҲǱһ˿ۻظ֮ǷҪ˿ߡ

ֻԵģ¾Щͼг

ȴͻȻ̧֣¾Դﰴȥģֳ

¡

֪ΪΣ¾ͻȻ
ϢŨȴľ˰ȡ
ϢеϤ
ʱҲһ㡣

ܵĽŲƽֱ˸ɻɤ

ǣ

Щ˵УֻܿһźɫӵıӰθߴ̬Ӣͷ֪ʲô
ӵ¶ĳѥԣȴһŮӵȹڡ

ⳡƺ²⵽ʲô
컯֮§§̫˷绯

ЩѾ̲סˣӴ˭ѽ

ϵĿڵǽر¶ȹϡ

Ҳˣ͵վ˳ǲ¾𣿡

˻һ˵Ŀ׷ǴŲȥ
ôһƣǣ
ȹڴзűˮʪĺۼ

۵׵Цڳĸ˵һվ˳šü𣿡

ڳĬôһ¾ѾԺ˼ȥ
ʱϵ¾⻳ɴйأЩطȴɻ

ԣ¾Ҳˣֻûǰȴȶˡ

ǣ˱ͻȻȡϵ磬ϸϸΪŮϣϵ󣬲Ż

ֱӻ˲ſڻŮӡ
¾

¾ǰ˭

ֻĿţɫһ˿֮ȴһɲݺӵѹȸϮڳе˶񣬲ɵõͷֱӡ

ϵĿͻȻһ
͵ظ밲



ɫ𾪣Ҳ߰˰˵񣬡

ʱѾ˲ٺˡ
˭뵽⾹ȻǶ
ǻΪ

Ҳק֣ĺʱģǾȻ֪
Ŵ˵طʲôκ˶֪ϡ
ֻ֪Ǯ͵͵ظ¾ҲֻΪ⣿
̬ķչΣôģҲһֻ֪ײ
ȴܵйΣС

ʱdںһڹԱͻȻææ
ƼĺҲæǸ񣬡

¸ȻͨdǵһʱõϢġ
¸󣬱㾶ֱѰ¾dڻĴҵġ
ΪǼ£һ㳡dЩˡ

ˡ

ɤĮǺԺѧʿϵĴ֮

ѯʻʲôֻڳȴ˰Ѻ

ֻ˿֪˵Ĳ顣
Ǯûе֡
ǵˣĲӦ
ο˺㽫ܶ͵͵Ѱ˸飬ûǮûˡ

dһͷˮֻѯʣ֪ΪΣ

ѵҽδܼʱд

ϣȴڴ˵·ʱҲ˽Ӧ¸֮ĳǼʶˡ

˵գı¾Ჽȥ

ȥʱ¾ͻȻһۣǮѾˣͲˣϵѪˮҲɸɾļɽҲûˡ
ֻ·

ȥڳ˾˿Ψdڰɫ
ö
ھ

·

¾Ů¸ס꣬ô·һ̸
Էŷʲô

ǮѱڰİŪˡ
ܰҲš
ŵΪǮǱɣû뵽֪Ϊ

˲Ұ

̵̶ֳȶûŪȻҲһĹ̿ûôˡ

¾

ʮְ

¾ɫȻ԰ףںɫĳԽ԰ס

һ˵ϢʮǿƣǿƵ¾ҲԺӡ
¾򴽣ɳƵ

֪¾Ѿ˳ƺ

ǡ

¾ôģʲô㡣
Ļû˵ڣ㱻˵Ķˡ

һԲɫƺ죬ɴϸϸܣܸܵ䡣
ֻͻȻ㽫¾˫ȷϡ

¾һ̧ƿȹβһֻЬӣǱˮʪ¡

ǣ¾С硢ɵС¶˳
¾𾪣š

ȴסˡ

̧ʱ𷽲ŵġ¡˲֪ٱ

𶯡

¾治ˣԹԵŽš
µ컹ź¾ֻˮʪĽűľ
¾ܲһ˿ֵ¶ȡ

ֱ¾Ľˣżĸһ˫µΪϣǷŵɫƣ漫ˡ

¾԰׵СȾһ˿糺졣
ǰǽⶼǵһŵˡ

ﱸ£ȴЬӡ
¾ϵ´˺󣬱ͼѽ
˵ף¾ǲӦһŽš

ȴ͵ضߡ

¾һҶˣֻҧ

۴ʱǺεȵ컣¾ȴʼһƬѡ
Ϊ֪ĸˣִǹŴƼŵǷ󣬶ᱩŭ
Ϊ
޹鰮ֻ˵ϰˡ

¾ˣʱƼĳӦǮﱧڻҲû
ûԭΪѡ񱣴ѰͼǮﲻʱˡ
Ҳĵ뷨Ĳ֪
ıûҲûк
ԣ˭ڿ⸱󶼻ɣȴʼնѯʹ

¾ǸԴеˣȻѾˣֻӦ֮ߡ
ҪԲߵǰᣬҲ֪ǰ˵̬ȡ
ܲˣҪ¸زȥҲȥǮҲвٵׯ԰͵̡
Ҳʳǡ

¾ǰ˵̬ȣֻܿѯʣڽ֮£δ㣿

                        
лҪ˵ǣ

11

һһļžС

¾Ȼʳ⻰ʱмɴڣ¾ֻʣƽˡ
۽Σ¾ƺѽܡ
¾̧һƽηضĵ˫

ֻ¾ͻȻоĻ֮ס׵ֻȻս
¾£ɫȴʼնޱ仯һ˿ޡ
ǿڷԵôĳ򶨡

ΪҸʲô㣿
ջƽġ

Ϊ

¾㶣֪ΪΣȻɫûκα仯¾ȴ֪ΪΣܲƺѹĳֻһܱ

¾ԥһ˲еĴжһǵûзҲǽˡ
Ļ¾˶ٲŵǡҡ

֪¾ǳ˶ѹŽλ˵ꡣ

ԸǱȣӱ˾Ǳˡ
ܲˣ¾Ҳ
˾ػ֮ǰ켣Сűϸš

ɻ£¾㿴ĵɫˣְֺ۵ײ𣬷·ǱԨ磬ȴѹŻδܳơ

⸱ģ¾ǵһμ⾪塣
еĽҲʼر¾ģֻҪ΢ĽűǮһ㣬ˡ

¾սȭҲ
¾Ľɴʱʱ¾ȻһҪɱڵĴ

ɱڣ

¾Ƶ룬ѵһҲҪӢţ
һ˲䣬¾ͷȻûûн½̳еЩҲû˼̳ˡ

¾ӽӲһҲҶֱͻȻɿ֣óһ˹ز֣Ÿ

ƽ¾ͻȻ°ͱһ˫סˣ¾ͷӡ

ʱ۵׵ķ籩ɤǿӲ

㣿

Ǻǡ¾һЦȻô

룡

ʱ¾ͻȻֱĴҲһǼ䣬ջ֣Ҳ֮ȥ

ͣ

¾ʼһҲҶ
ֻܹԹԵشĻ˽

һ·ѻȸ

ֱԺ¾ͷ˵ͳɤˮ

ƺָֻƽʱĳš

תˮ¾ݣɴϲһһ㡣
ǵضǷűǮץסĵطЩطѾˣеĵطץƤðѪ

ֱܲ͸ذҲˮ

ǣ¾ȫ̰һ仰Ҳ˵ˮѣҲˮȴδ¡
˹أڴĥһƷ档ͷβ¾ϵκεطϴһ飬һ˿©

ȫ̶治ɫ·ֻϴһ㡣
еĵطرڿ¾ϵպ˺ϢȻֲϴ¾ǵضۺͣ

ºˣ¾壬ȱȿ˸顣
¾ڿŮ˵塣

¾룬ѵǴôϴһһϴȻ͵ˣ

ͿԵʲô¶ûз

Ѿ߻һһεˮ
ϴ棬¾ľˣű˳ȥ
֪Σ¾վû֧ס˯˹ȥ
ǰ¾ӱѾˣ¾˯ǰȤԼ纮ٵȱϯ



һߣ¸

dڵر硣
dûǸ˼ˣĿҲûǸ˼ˡ

ҽȥˣȻ֪ΪΣ˭ûмˡ
Դȥ󲻾ãҲ׷ȥ

¸µĿ˶߾dڲŽ˽ȥ˴á

ô£dɫѿ

ûӦ

dŭǳô£

üҲС԰ǵʱҽѾˡ

˵ǰĵ׻Щһ֪Ǯ﾿ûе֪
ҲͷԸȥǮˣȴˡ

һԵҧҧʱԺﻹĵˡ
¾죬Ϊ벻ģû͡
ԣҲδġ

ɽһʧ˻ꡣ
ǰ㿡ӢʵˣȻġ
˫ð⣬ϲ
һķΪ¾磬¾۵׵ļʱԽԽŨ

ֱڴﶼⰲʱͻȻ¾֪ܣ͵͵Լᣬ˷ˡ

ϻŭӡ

dۣһϺֿ¾ô£

ҧҧʵҲ֪ⷬҲǲ²ˡ
ֻʱ߹ǮҲϯᣬ֪¾ҲظˣǴ롣
ټ˽ģ¾͵飬Ÿˡ

¾ǮﰵԹᣬС԰͵飬


죬ϲɫżү˵

dڻִϣǿ㣬ѯʣ֪ģ

Щ˼ϣѳڣҲɲ˵ˡ

Ѿ߳Ǯϼߣ¾ȥʱѾ߷Ǯ͵͵

ԣdɫ𾪣֪뵽ʲô͵ˣȥѰǮ

æ˳ȥ
ұ¸Ǯ
ǮϵԶݣסݣǵص֪أǽղľǣ͵Ϊdں١
ɴʱȴ˻رѾұ¸δǮҲû˿Ǯˡ

dɫ԰ף͵ؿϣ⾿ô£

ҲdڵɫˣΡΡصүĲ֪

dڲ˵ֻ

ϲòһһǮһֱԾгû뵽ȻĸҶԾ֡

ԣdɫѿæһ²⣬ҽŲδᵽǮҲǮֻǳȥˣ

Ǯͼ¾죬ҽûŲ

d˵죬ֻҡͷ֮

ϵүǮĶ¾ʲôҽܻŲҲ̫ˡ

ôܣdڲʣִˣ˭ÿ

ɪ

ѵûķȥʱ˵Ļ·ɾڸ꣬ô·

˻һϵɫˡ

Ǿ棬ǮﲻˣķˣֻǱץˡ

ԣϵɫȻ԰ףǡô죿

d򴽣ĬƬ̡
µҲȫȻ档

dڿˣ¾лЩ
ƾĲ¸ôġ

dڲ㵱ûв֣

æҡͷûС

ȻˣȴҲڰЩֽţƲˣ˷֡
ǮǸСˣĿŵز֣鱩¶ǮﶨȻὫָҪҲǮ
㹻˽ǮԣǮ˵˼䣬Ѿ¾ЩˮǮȲϹˡ

ԣdڵ˵ͷ֣ˣȥɡ

Ҫú롣
Ȼ֪¾еͲܷŹôá

dȻǽļˡ

Ϊһպ¸⣬һѪܵʬ壬ֽŶûˣҲûˡ
ȫ.㣬һõƤеĵطӬֻ

Ǯ

                        
лҪ˵ҷĸֵҰֲϡ
ִ㻻һ
Ҿᡣ
12

ҽ˽
һʮա

һ¾˯ò̫˯УһǮЦݣһĺ˵ӡ
¾ȻμıԡȻˮУһһصһ

¾ͣˮУ˵˻ҲʹһһϢб¾ˮҲԽԽߣȫ̵ͨ졣
ֻ§ϵֻǱġ
ڹ̵ˮУ¾ƾűܣѰұ֮ءϿȥرԻ⡣
ֵǣڱһ̣ӵɢȥϢҲȥ
ػϢ䶼ƯʵĿ

Ȼ¾ͻȻ֣ԼһԨ⡣
ߺХż磬һһؽ¾ֻվУ֪롣

֪ξл˶ٳ¾ֻǵһҹƺΰѣﴫĶ˼ȴԿذξУཻӡ

ڶ¾Żۡ
ܰҩζŨܼž

¾ȴһ۱һǵˣܹߺܰںڰУ顣
ʲôûãֻǣһԲһӴĵĿֻͣһĿбӣֱֱؿ

¾һĬӣһԡ

ȿ˿ڣɤееɳƣˡ

¾Сȵص˵ͷʶͷ쿪ڻӦ

¾֪ʱʲôʱɫܰȱ¸Ӱ߲ʮְ

ܿ죬
Ѿн
۵ģ˵ˣƺ˼ʲô˵ѹʣʱоӿˬˣ

¾˵ͷ

״˿ȴɲֻ̫̾Ϣһεķ纮ոȬָȾ˷纮ҽƹˡ

ҽҽ

¾ĿӵĽɫţһԲҹɫΪһ壬ĹȴսľСҲʮְ

ҽ¾Щ
ҽ̫ҽһ붯ģ᲻ʲô鷳
¾ϲǷ˵ģӿһ棬¾ȴֱκ˹ġ

𣿡

Ļ¾˼¾룬˵ͷɡ

ʵ¾ûʲôθڣǲʳаڷ纮Ȭ볤꣬Ӣš

ͷ֪˵ϰߣԷѰࡣ

Žһ˸˸Ჽȥ˴ߡ

ˣˡ

¾ĿϣͻȻ̧ʲôʱˣ

չʱ

ʱˣ

¾Ĭһ˲ڽˣѯʣ𣿿Ҫţ

ŷ˵ĻˣֻŷˣȻ˽

¾صȴһƺδԥá

ԣ¾˵ͷŴ룬̵غһࡣ

¾¿ʱʱѿˡ
Ҳ˳ȥֻ˽һˡ
¾кŽȥϢģֻʣ¾Ķˡ

¾Ŵţһ࣬Щͣ¾˯
ֻ˼ȴ粻ѣ¾Դڴ΢ۡ
Ե¾ӦʱѾһӰ
¾ȥڽ˲֪ʱվš

ŵ˫¾΢ѣҪЪϢ𣿡
Ӧ¾ֵϢҷ纮δֹ˲

¾Ϣɴʱ¾ʵˣֻȰ˵ˡ





¾һ㶣ɺ޲ӣЩɷǷĻþ
Ĭ¾ԥһ̵ػӦ

£¾ͻȻһš
ɴ䣬һ磬ŵʱȴ
¾˼˷жǺ˼Ь˴

¾

¾һǿڣ

Ҳֻ֣֪ΪΣ¾ͻȻЩΡ
ʱ㲻˵ˡ
ˣǽ˾ͺá

¾ջۣڴϣŴθһЩȥϢɲ֪ʱ¾˯˹ȥ

ѹʱ¾ƽڴϡ
Ѿûˡ

Ȼˬ˲٣¾ȴɴڴϣ񽫽վﴫ÷зϢ¾

ˣ¸ˡ
˵⻰ʱ˿ֻ

¾˵һ磬¸ڴſڷһʬ塣

žĴԣЩġ
ȫ.㣬ƤãֽŶˣ˵С˺죬ֲһ¾ûʲôӦ˼һתͻȻѯʣ֪˭𣿡

ʱ¾ĵ׾˸²⡣

Ǯ¾ӦѾȲˡ

ǮΪ¾࿴ķǽ֪أdҲǸƷԺѧʿ¾޸һƷ֪Ҳ̫
ɽ˭˲֪˭˲Ǯɫ.ʮʱѾŮ˳Ⱥ˱ҷ˵Ķӣ
شݣټ޷죬ĿˣЩԽԽ

һǮ¸ƼС󣬱㲻ֶεؽӽС㡣
ԴСĹ뷿Ƿ󣬽˴˳ȥ񶼲ᷢʲô

ǮһٶͼСʧܣǣǮ¸ˡ
Ƹʮַ
ү϶ͬˡ

һʥּСȥ˽ʱѾھˡ
Ѿ¾Զ߸߷ˡ
Ǯⷬ״ȻЩ£ȴҲӦá

¾˽ĻЩʧֱߴ߷߲ƽ¾Żع

Ӧã

¾һ俴²صģΪθۣ

һ㶣Сˣˮˡ

´׼Ҳû뵽ջͻȻˡ

ԣ¾Щ⣬Ȼ֮ǰĶۻ¸޹أ̫֮ɺϣ⻳͵͵ֽţ֧ߡ
ʱԣ¾ƷĲ²⡣

ѯ˺˼ѯʣôˣ

񲢲֪֮¡

¾ҲЩǮ衣

ԣɴۣöˣˣ⡭ô£

Ӧǿң¾£ҡ

ȴδţеһһŵ䣬ū澣ūû뿪Ͳ÷ˡ

˼ͻȻۣ۷ߺޣǮ๼Ҳ֪˭ۣΪ֪˭ҶŰݷã

˭ۣ

¾̧ŽˣȻЦˣµ룬֪˭᲻Űݷá

                        
лҪ˵ݶ޶ʢ衷ɣƺе壬ҪǵһۿȥǰֿǽʻǶˡ
ѾͷͺˣİǳҪУһ¥Щƻӣܲէ֡

13

ԽԽ𾢶¾ŻǱˣܵġ

˵ϰߣѾˡ
ΪŮӣڳǲףߣ¾Ѿߣ¾Ǵȥˣ¾
һˣ˵һͨ
ôΣҲ˷裬˲٣Ҳѹ˲١
Ҳ̲סʱ򣬱ʱ

ŷԣ죬Щ£Ťؿ¾ˡ

δԣ¾ȴ֪Ҫ˵ʲôİɣҲ߷衣

ԣˡ
ʱһͨ泩ˣټǮ侲˷˷ѯĻĵ˸²⡣

ˣ˵᲻ϸù

Ͼö˶˵ĲˮȻڷˡ
ǲˮҲȥѣȥѣҲᱻǮ˿ӡ

ԣ¾ɫ˼ãŻѴ̡

ϵӣֱǮıϾǮ㲻ǺˣҲþӡ
Ǯһ֣ؽ¶Ǯֻ·һԻὫй
ǾԲðȷյģǮͼ죬ǮԼ˼

Ѵ̡
޹أȴƲ
磬Ǯ¸١Ǯdڿûϵ¸ض
磬ϵĲˮ
ߣЩʮɺϳС԰ĸˡ
ƲǮıȴǮ.ƲᣬǮͶϲһһ䣬ԸԳ
硣

֪Ѳ˸ϵϹ߳˲Ըû뵽Ȼͼ˷˵Ыĳ

ˣô죿
ֻҪһ£õ¸Ҳǡ

¾²ţټϵˮ©֪Ѳ˸ϵƾ޾ݣҲ޼¡

ԣҧ˴

¾ȴּһ仰ƾ¸ſڷֵǾʬ壬ҲǳԼˡ

µȷţһڽǴʱųȥǸˣ¸ǰǾʬ뽫йأ
Ǯʬ壬¸ǶȻ뽫йأֻ
סڿڵĴж¾ЩϧȻΧۡ

ʱ¾Ժ⣬ڶգ㶮ˡ
Ϊˡ

¸ⱻΧˮйͨ
û˵̣Щ£ץϵ֣ô°

ϵüȫƣ룬ſڷǮʬûϢˡ

һƣdڡ
ƾƾ;ƾ˺Ժѧʿλϣһۼ
˭뵽ĸſڣȻһ߲Ҳ̶õʬ塣
Կ£˳ɻټ˰Ʋƾһ죬Ҳ򾩳е˽

̲ʹµ¸鰸顣

տʼ¸ۼŴİգϷҲãҲգdҲͷְͣˣ˵ܵ顣

dԽӵְͣϢʱл㱣dͷ۵ǣǮˡ
Ǯǰäˮεĵط֣˴ǰȻб

dһţƼΧ¸Ǯˡ
رЩˣȻ¸ſڿ
Ů˿޿Χİ۷׷ס
dͷˣ˲˵۹⣬Ǯ˶Ū

ǮҵĵǮأǽݵ֪ء
һϱҹΪף٣ø³dڣһ

düʱ˸Ҳװˣ޹أ̲ʹѾ飬еĶˣҪѪˡ

ǮϿ޿صô޹أҶǵǰ٣ĸϣǲһǾưոݡ

ĪҪϼˣرǮҷһһǮ¸ǰٵĻ
ǮﱾͲ˭֪ǾĸѰ𣿡

ҪϿɱǿöࡣ
ԣߣ߿ޱߵȻǲԸҹһҲһͷײ¸ˣҹĿ

ǮźЦ˼ָdԺѧʿΪ٣Ǯ˶¸ҲҪֻظ

dһףЩһؿڱˡ

Ǯ˵Ŀĺԣǲõôݡ
ǺΪd
ʲôã˼ҼȻҽʬ嶪¸ſڣ͸Ҳɫ¸š

ʱdڲпԡ
ΪĻ¾¸֮ˣ¸ôΪ¸£¾Ҳܶơ
dôҲû뵽ľȻô

Ǯ˵ıԣǲǺôļҵ׶Ҫʱ͸ճˡ
Ѿȥſڣסdڻ˿װˣֱ˵ɡ

ԣǮشƺû뵽ôͬˡ
Ҳͣ

ǮؾòӦdûģ˵ɣҪôſϰݣ

ǮȷdЭˣϵıʱˣ
ѧʿѧ峵˰˶֮ţȻ֮

d÷˵

ǮŻһƽ𡭡

ǮصĻδ˵꣬ϱ㼱ˣǮأ̫֣

һƽôȥ

ǮҲżֻҵĹڷ

Ҫ˵dһӦ£ˣҴӦ㡣

ԣϲţү

Ǯóȥˣ¸µĻҪҪ

ǮϲЦտҾѧʿ󷽡

dڲԸ̸˰ֵˣ߰ɣ¸ˡ

ǮȴҵĻû˵أѧʿ͸ˣ

d͵ؿ۷졣

ǮصӶʮˣûһְٰģ֪
֮ⲻԶ

dҧҰ첻

𼱰Ǯص֪첻ⲻаõ𣿡

Ǯصϵϡ
ǵʷĴŮ

ϵеǮأ̰ᣡ

ǮЦţ٣ٺ»С

սȭү

ɻһ䣬ϱ㲻Ҽ˵ˡ
dɫѿϵĿⶼǴδйӶ

²ҧҴӦ㣬Ҳܱ֤

ܱ֤

Ǯҡҡͷû£Ѿʧһˣ룬¸Ҳñա

㣡

ŭ⣬ǰ֪»ô󣬵ͲǮǰף١
ɴʱôҲûˣϵdΪǨŭòӲͷƤãҴӦ㡣

Ǯ˻ϲ뿪ˡ
ǮﱾǮҵӣʧһǮôôǮ˺⡣
Ϊ˱ʾ¸޹ߵʱ򣬻¸󺰣үҶţ̲ʹ»ỹҶһġ

˻dһֱš
Ǯһ
ŸҪһ

dָֻͷոְ
֮ԻᱻְͣΪ˭d
ԡҪҸʱȥһ˽

ҹ¾Ϣĸһ顣
ûʲô˼¾ֻҪ֪δ㡣
¸£dڶȻ¾ټdҲһյ¶ˡ
ҪŪ룬ܼ¡

¾ΪҪɱǮ

ʵ¾仰ĺ滹һ䣬ΪλҪǮʬ¸ſڡ
Ǯ¸ķкܶ࣬ȴѡĿŵһ

治ɫûʲô飬ֻĮӦ֣

                        
лҪ˵ĳǿҵ
еıһƽ˵ģ͵ͨͰɡ
еıһƽ˵ģ͵ͨɡ
˺ܶϣǲͬĳǮֵһСɰҲûڹŴֻƾŸоˣǺ

14

ô֣¾

ΪҪɱǮ



ôһĻظƺȷû¾ҪѯʵȴӦ𸴡
¾ֵǷкδ㣿

¾ΪʵСģҴδ¶˼
֪¾Ļ£ȴɫǰţʱƺŴ˼İɲ⣬Ĭһջۣص˵

¾һ㶣΢΢ۡ
˷ظ֪֮ѯʵĿġ
֪ڴļƻźü£ڲ֪Ӱļƻ
ظһ䰴˵

ˣ
˼ôô

¾Ƭ̣ͻȻ̧촽dأ

⻰¾ʵüƽûκ¾ȴ֪˻ð˶ķա
ûʲôϣصȴĻظ





¾ۣǰɫȫȻδ䣬·˵ֻһ޹ؽҪĻ
¾ȴ֪ŵǾ仰жء
ԾΪ졢ТιĹŴ¾ŵǾ仰Ѿ治˵ȥǻᱻġ
ȴʼɫδһ˿仯

¾̽ĵߣͼ˽λ֣֮̽Ȼȫ²͸

ĬƬ̺¾ͻȻЦˣdҵôܻ뷨ȻǲµˣԲӦһ

˵ӦƲǰظ

֪£ȴüֱֱؿһһصӦ

¾΢˫ȻƬ̲ö
̫棬¾ȻˣӦ

ӦǾˡ

¾͵վҵĶ¾ǰһѣΣԱӣ¾һֳֻϣԼ͹
ɾʱ¾ȴͻȻоڿգ˴ᱧߴϤɤ

̫ҽ

¾һ㶣æۡ

𡣡

Ĵ

¾ͷлްģ̫ҽ

Ƶ̫ҽ¾ģΪѡ
οҲǷ顣

ջۣᲽȥɤĮإѾȥˡ

ԣ¾òЦЦĸлǶлˡ

ǰӵģ¾ֱ̫ҽΪѻ¾֪ҽ̫ҽҪʲôۣ˶ݣȴ֪λر¾ֻܾܾ

ڱڴ˺¾̧ס䣬¾պмɡ

ѩ׵ɫϣеСԽϸŮС԰ףöδʹȴ·ȫעеһ

һ

Ҳ֪ʲôȻöδӦ

¾ػһ

Ż񣬿м䶼͸¶棬ȼңұỤȫ



¾Ĭؿ
ǰ¾²͸Ҳ͸Ȼ˵Ҫ߱Ļ⡣̫޼ɵǲں֮λ

Ǽ٣¾ʱܸܵϵġ
ԣ¾Цл

Ҳһϸޡ

һҹߡ

ա

ʱ촵ůԺӻ

ڴ˼죬¾ڳš
赣¾ִ˷磬˺¾ҲԺ߰ˡ
ûã¹ܼҴҴԺ

ˣԥˡ

¾΢㶣ԥʱΣ
ȻѾˣûвӴĵ

¾ͷԸԥȥϢɣԺ㵽

¹ܼתȥ

¾תԺּһȥá

δţѾԥ
֮ӣɤɾˬʣԥھķֻΪǸ⿪ʵǫǫӡ
ϸԥݣ㲻ˡ

¹ܼ⿴˵۹ԽԽа

۹ⲻУ

¾ûü˼ԥ£ƣһӶһɫжʲôͷ

ĲŮ𣿡

´븮ǶмƯѾ߰¹ܼ˵ɣ

¹ܼƺûлӦǱԥ¹ܼ𣿡

¾¹ܼһӦˡ

ǽķԸ

£¾Ըоԥ˶٣ƺЩ˼ɣ˵СЩ

𣿡

ԸΣĸжɫ¹ܼ̫ʵˣҸ˵

ʱ¾ѾᲽˡ
ͳ¹ܼ˵𾢶ԥ˸ԥ

ԥһ٣Ļ˻ȥæ˹ȥǰһ
Ҫɫǰ˰
ɾһʻʯͷϣǿֺݵʯͷö˶˵һɫˣȻ޸Ǹûг۵ˡ

ԥǰ¾󣬱Ѿĵ׺꣬ϧˣְûڲѡ
֪ﾹȻд˵Ⱦɫˣ͸ΪǿҲñ˼ͱήˡ

ְĵ˿ϧ˼ԥæ߽ʶ̧һѣֲŸóȥʶʲôڨڨ˻
ֻЦصСɩӲض񡣡

Сɩӽе

¾ȴδš
ԣվǰӱԸһͷĲǰ׳΢ЩȴҲ޳˳ж
Ƥ࿡ݰף𾩳ǵһӵĳƺ

ڸϡ

¾Ϊԥĵġ

˭֪ԥȻԥص֪

ĲܽģʵǰԥѾˣֻûܽˡ

֪

¾ǲ֪ԥǰΪ£

ԥЦ¾ƽӣⲻ֪СɩӲˣԽ̽Сɩӵġ

湻еģ

¾²⣬⼸һ빬̫ҽԥ֪ˡ

лԥ纮ѾȬͲԥˡ

ôô˵

ԥһѰӣװƷʮ㣬ȻҽһСɩӣǱԼˣСɩӲˣôܲ̽
˵գԥкӣƣһ˱

£ԥӱ˹һӣԥִ̧򿪣ױƵĵСɩƣǧ˲Ρ

Ǹܼӡ
¾˳ƤĻû˵ԥ֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣʮصСɩӲлˣⶼҸġ

¾

ԥ¾ɼĲ˵ż
ɲΪ̽¾ΪԼ
ﲻסֻܵСɩӹⲻȥҪлңҲ޲ɡ

¾һ˵˵Ļ

ȥȥȥȥԥ˰֣Ըӽ˲ȥ

Сɩӣʲô仯ûУ

¾̧Ŀϣܾ⻰жš
⻰ǷִŮ˵ġ
ʱ˵¾Ȼú޹졣
һжôг

¾ҡҡͷûб仯

ԥˣôûб仯Сɩϸƣ

¾ϸ۲˺ҡҡͷ
ǸĿ
Ѿϸ۲Ĵɫ²ǲҪѯͿʲôɫĿ֬
ɺȻĴɫȻޣġ

ԥ޿ˣֻƫͷսָ۽ǵһط¾Сɩƣ

¾ˡ
һССࡣ

¾ǿˣԥһżɽСɩӣ㿴Ӫ˹ҶѾˡ

˵գԥЩֺãСɩӣܲܰȰȰ֣ڻǰ飬Ĺ˾Ӫˡ

ԭΪ˴¡
֪⣬¾ɶˡ

ҿ°첻

ԥһҧõ

¾Цˣԥ̫ˡ

¾ɫԥˣڹ̫ˣԴʱҲʶҪ̧ȥ¾ɾҪ¾ʱͻȻоһۣԥһ



¾һ㶣˼ԥô£

ԥ²̫װɡ

                        
лҪ˵Сɰԥˡ
Ļ˰

15

ġ

Ǵ¾ģǳ
ôһ仰Ȼԥĺʹʱͣ

ĵԥҲˣҲˣæվɫм飬ôˣ

ǰźۼصס¾ӡ
Ӧԥ

ԥʱҲмΣѰ˸ĲڵʱǱץ˸ֳ
ԥڨڨЦЦⲻСɩӲˣԽǰ̽

Ϊ˳Լ̽ģԥæӵѱ͸Сɩӵ˲ùֿ

ԥɫŹ֣Ӧү˲ѾķԸȥˡ

ԣԥɫӲƺҲ˵ĻⲢӰԥĿģתͷֱ׳صˣ˲Ѿȥˡ

ֻҪĲСɩľͺãԥҲͶ·ˡ
ĵӣ֪Ϊ˲ȥӪѵ²¡

ԥΪڱ.޷죬ʵȴ෴

ĳȥȡ

ԥĳ¹ܼҵǡ

˵գתȥ˲

ĵɤ͸¶Į벻飬ȱ˲Ρ

ԥֱ¹ܼȡ˲ΣĵĻСֹһ䡣
֪ȱⲻ¸Сɩ
ô¸

ȻҲʮĮƣȴйԣˣС
ԥЩ飬ͼתƻ⣬ִʱΪΣ

ɫȻץؾӪ

ԥɫһ

إѾǰˣɫ࣬һһԥ롣

ԥЦЦ˻أǲܻؾӪˡ

ĵԥȻƲأһ

һϯĮˡ

ģ͵ʴס

ԥˣƫͷŬ¾ϣСɩӣҰ

üһ壬۵׺է֡

֪ģԥͷŸƫţһ˲˱㵹ڵˣʹ

¾ɻɣԥΪ˲ȥӪװġ

⻹治ԥװġ
ڷŵһ˲䣬ԥоƺʲôĶ̹ǳһۡ

ĴڵϳʹߺȵԥĮȻԥˣإ磬ԥظ

ǲװģԥĿĴﵽˡ

ԣإ繪Ӧǰһ㽫ԥ
ʱԥʹ

ڱإʱԥȴͻȻعͷֱ¾󺰣Сɩӣ´㡣

˵գգգۡ

ԥʵڸ¾ʹɫ֮±ܣĪ֪֮ˡ

¾

ĵɫ˰
ͻȻš

إͣ

ԥƲأإ磬ԥȥӪˡ

ͻȻԥ㰲ˡ
˲䣬ǵ˻ıڣզҵƺأظˡ

ȴδš

Ŀûԥͣԥܴإѿԣֻܴ󺰣ҲȥӪȥӪ

إһԲ㽫ԥ˳ȥ

ﳤöԥ˻

¾µؿԥȥķüۺЦԥЩҲͦȤġ
ôţǰͻȻһӰ

¾ûüӦСͻȻ̧ߣӣ¾һ˫
¾һ㶣˲Ҳ˾

Ƭ̣ˣ

¾㶲ŵˡ

ԣɿ֡

ֳĬͣһվǣ¾Ҳ
¾ΪҪ˵ЩʲôֻǵͣһᲽ뿪ˡ

ԶȥıӰ¾ЩʧŽҪѯĲǷˣ
װͰ͵ѯʱ˵ĲǷˣĺ



ԥǰ˵һ¾һǺʱ¾֪ԥʧ
һвġЦԷǵ´ƺԵô
磬ڶգ¾յԥ

ԭǻԥȥӪѵʱ޲һ¡
ԥȥ̫󣬻սһµʱ̵˰¡

ԥΪڰµѵδɡ¾յԥպġӪδףᡯ
˲ģ¾

Ƽ̲סˣԥǸˡ

¾ЦЦÿɷ
գʱ仹ż
ȥȥҲõʱˡ

磬˿͡
¸ˡ
˲dڣ㡣

ʱ¾ЩΪԼˣϸȷ˺󣬲ţ㾹Ȼ˽
Ϊλ

¾ɫ֪뵽ʲô۵һ˿
ɡ

dں㱻˴ȥԺ

һ·ϣdڱĽ͵ŵĲˡ
ģʼЩˡ

Ůƺ롢뾩ĴŶһ
Ķ¾άd۵׵ĺ֮ɫԽԽŨȻԼԹϡ
˵ʲô¾ȥ˽Ҳʡ

꣬dڲŻ¾պ󶼲ػظף١
ΪľƲ塣
Ϊdڵ¾Ͷ·˻¸æ֡
Ͼһ˱һݿлرĿdȻԸ⸶֪ܵõرdھûôˡ

dڵԣ۵ǳ̰ڽĺʢֳ˼벻ʡ

ƾʲô
ƾʲô¾סֵط
սȭ۵׵ɫֻסһģ

Ů˵Ժ
һ·Ѿ𾪵ˣɴʱԺڣȴɱڵĳ貼Ʋۡ
һǳңֵơ
ԴõĽϳˡ
ֹ¸ܱȵǻʹҲˡ

Ϸˣ䲻¸깩򵥵װ˿ţֹȲ

dԽԽˡ

¾ڣˣ

£С˶ӣdڵĿϣԾ̾ȻһӶǳľ
ȻΪ¾Ϊܾ䣬¸֡
Ǵ

ͬʱdĵ׵һ뷨ȴԽᶨ

dȥ

Ҳ鲻Ըȥ

¾˹ÿǣش˴һڲ裬Ż֪ǰΪ£

¾ĵѯʣٿ¾ϷһϮ£Ϻ磬򵥵ĺȲ趼ƺ͸¶ȫȻͬŹҧɫʡ

¾ʲô̬ȣ

ԣ¾˴

¾δӦԽ⣬˽㲻ӭӱˣȻ۶ûһ

Ϊ˽ĿˣҸ㡭



ͻĻ¾ԣɤֱֱ࣬ؿ㡣

ŵһڿǽֵ

һѾ߰ˣһѣΪܳӲɣ

Խ˵Խ
dڵ£ŭȣ

һ

dջۣ¾ӣһʶ

¾ЩЦͬŮΪĿôƫ
һţ¾Ϊβƽϣ

dһ

¾ջۣɫ䵭졣

Цˣæǡ

˵գǰȥ

ɫңҪʲô

ҲżĵصС㣬ҲҼҷˡŴγԲѷҼҷ˲𾴡Ҽҷ˴ԲƽϣܰҼҷǽˣŽ棬ɲôͱ

û뵽Ȼܳôһµ޻˵
ԽԽ㺦µdڵ֣

dڵĿ¾ϣɫɵĮ䵭ÿ£dڱĻȥĳصˡ

㲻Լģdһȸһ㣬ĵ㳤㣬ΪĸȻһΪãԲѷܵѵҲӦõġ

У˵ʲô

¾µؿ˴ʱı飬ĵ룬ԭŵ뷨ˣd˭ҲֻԼΪȨƵλ棬˭Է˭á

                        
лҪ˵ߣ֪֪жģ
ƼһҵԤģؼҺ󡷣ⱾԲľͷԲɧһ˵ٴϲŮٵֲǿȡȴСϲıȥղһѽ
Ԥİ
գǰշ贫вҵR˸ȥǿȥġ
պϢӺRв˫ȹۡ߹Ƕϰ˹ͻȥ
ڻʱͣؽǹ
˾̾⻹ǵһμвӲ
󣬾Ȼв޲ߡ
ʮպһʥּըǡ
ԭǳвӣ˻պ㼱ææ˹̫˴ͻ顣
ݲ֪뾩Щ壬˿˻ظ˺󣬱ûܶԻȥ
RǰУһǽļϵ˵˼ҡ
RϲŽЦ˵ĻݻݣⲻԵ
һ仰飺е⣬ֻΪõ㡣

16

dڲ󣬴˽е

ֻºջ֡
ֺݣֻ£Ҳһһҹӡ

ҲѵˣҲ֪ǸֱӣزסҲһһΪá

Ϊã
¾ɫ̡

dڼ˵ĸˣʱ᲻Ĺֵܽȷѹһѹ

d̾ƺʮΣԵָֻˣúù̹̣ܽܽѹһѹӣ

Ǵһֺ̡
֪סԱŽһҲŮܵõҲ졣
¾ΪdӲˣйˣû뵽ǿŮˣ

Ůˣ⾩Ƕ߲
ûdڵ겻ǸƶѧӣûǮûƣƭ¾⸱ӵĸ˽õһǮ뾩ʬҰˡ

һῡӣһƶİټһڵױܵõЩ롢Ůӵķġ
ö˶˵׸֮ŮȻԸУһһƶϴ˽

ɻȴǣ欲ĸdڣdƭӣ欻̥ʱd뾩
˵ǣһƶϴʱٻȢ

Ϊ֧d뾩欱ԼӸϴΣеǮƶdڣںҤ޷ݵص
ΪеǮƶdڣ࣬ټϻУԾȻڻ̥ʱʧ¾

¾ˣûܵdڡ
ȲȥˣһŮӲҪ˵Ҫӣʵ¾欽¾ͻ
ԼϾˡ

ò˵dûлݽ欣ȴdڡ
Ϊ¾֡
dȥʱ欣Ժ󺢶Ů¾
Ϊdǰķ羰

ٺ¾Ҳ֪ˡ
Ҳûгݡ
ǸͻĺӣΪ첻㣬ڻڶպˡ
¾ҲǸʱ򣬽ԭӡ

£ĸڴʱ϶ʮ¾ġ
¾ᵽĸ뱯Ȳ¾ҲһֻʮСŮлĸҲԸΪĸģֻ˵һ䣬Թжסϧˡ

ʱdھȻŰԼһŮͽΪԼı¾룬欻ϣ᲻Լĳɵ

ȷ𣿡

¾ɤĮdڵĿڿһû¶ȵʬס

dھ¾Ŀ⿴÷
ӲͷƤͷܣٲҲ֪ôˡ

漣ǣ㾹Ȼˡȫһ˼ûС
ӣdڵ͸ñˡ
ȴİ
Ǳɵˣ⣿

¾ˡ

ʲô˼

dһ㶣æ˵ʲôãֲˣôˣ

¾ЦˣŶҿɲǵϻһŮ

ԣdɫһһԵ㼱ˣҲˣҿµġ

ͺЦˡ

¾ص˼ҪѾߡ

ˣ¾㡭
˵ʲôУš

dî˾ֻҪӣǵѾҲ޲ɡ



dһȻҲΪãͺúڽźҽɡ

һأ㲻֪뵽ʲôȻˡ

dڿ¾չˡ

¾ĿԽԽ䣬㣬ﻺڽǱǽˣǻҲɽ㣬ȷҪڽ

ԥˣΪ¾λ˵̫䣬̫ˡ
ֻҪһǸߴ͵ӣ㷼ֹס죬dڣһҧȷ

Ȼ˲֪Ҫ¾Ҳûвյĵ
¾ջۣ񣬴ȥ

ǡͷ

˵գ߽㡣

߰ɣС㡣

˵껰󣬽㶣ЦŸĿڣŶڲǶСˣǶѾߡ

ҧ˽İƣԽЩ˼ɡ
ֻŽȥˡ

״dҲȻˣǵҲظˡ

Ц棬ʤǰ

¾ЦЦŮͲ͵ˡ

dڰ˰֣òá

ʱʱѶˡ
ȻһŮ¾ͲҪˡ

¾dȥʱĲӣɫĮ
ǼȻͣ͸աֻʱ¸ܲͲܱ֤ˡ
ֶθĵۣ¾ܸ߿һۡ

ȥԺһªӡ

㿴ֱüͷʲôӣס𣿡

ɫȻסˣǶС㻹ǻ¸ɣѾ߿ɶܳԿ͵ġ

һ£㣡

ҲʲôңΪ˭񲻹һǸѾߣΪ¾ǶС㣡

ˣݺݵصŽȴҲҶֻ֣һˣĴ򲻹
ˣ˽ۣӣʰҲ١

бһۣᲽ˽ȥĥ䣬ȻѾǱҪѾߵĹأȥԷҶɨˡ

ҧ

ˣ֮ǰԸԺѾߣ㡣

񻹴ûüȻ֪ܵסôʹҲ˷ϲ¾ˬ

һԺ¾˵㷽÷̵

¾Цţ²ؽǵ˺棬ȴֲˡ

㾹ȻҰ򵽽ͷϣҲŪ
˵գֿ¾ˣĲӽ𣿡

¾ΪҪ⡣

ɫĮһҲǣʲô˰ϽŮҲ١
ǽˣŸþ衣ϾŮʧģʲôûˡ



ȻԸȴҲһɨȥԷɨء
ŵĻҳӶվԶˣɨ㣬ĵ¾һͨ󣬲˼Ÿνӽġ

һչȥˣ㾹ȻԺûܽȥ
ˣԭ鷿īԺƽｫʱھӪظϺҲԺżǻȥ鷿
ǣĿ鷿
ʵǣīԺȻԺѽȥ

ֲòĿԺ
ڵ͵͵ƽϲѾкҩŲԺ

ʱùţҹ¾˾ԡ

Դ߽Ӻһ۱㿴˶ӽ￴ġ
Ŀ˲ֱˡ
ɫ޼ɵӢתüĿͦϵǹɾǧ֮ĺԡ

ɾ̰Ӣʱȴ͵̧˵˲׹ѡ

ȥ

ŵ÷ҡͲġ

Ŀľöġ

˵󻰣Ȼֱ˽
ϵ֮ɫԽԽأɴʱ㾹ȻԸð߽ҲԸ
˵ۣʲôˡ

㽫ĵԣ衭

Ļδ˵꣬˱ͻȻ˳ȥһţȻֱӽߵ⡣
صص̨ϣֻ·λӡ
۵жв

˳
ʱϣȴȫȻо˵Ӣˣеֻޱ޼ʵĿ־塣
Ȼ־嵽ʹˡ

ɫɤȥҹ

                        
лҪ˵˵õϾŵ£ҷ֣һ϶£Ͼŵʱ˩סҡ

17

ʱ·׹˵ǸԵˣëȻ
ֵǣĻµ˲䣬ȻлѾ߽һ˫ǯֿס㣬㱾Ͷѵ߹ʹһΡ
Ѿ˲ʹˣһͿĨ֬ۺͺҺ־ҡͷ

̧㣬ͻȻڿգ㾪岻ͣش󺰣㲻ܴҡ

ΧƺһҲ棬Ŀⶼ˳
һ˼Ѿߣͼӽ֦ͷˡ
Ͼ¶ǰҲûС
³ҹ
Ľý˲⡣

˾ȵ˵Ļ

ҡdڵŮ㣬ǡ¾á

˻⻰һΧ˵ɫˡ
̧ĻӶ˶١

˶˵ǰս˵˽סڽ
ɭϣЩ̸˽˵һ˵ƽǶǰͰ࣬ؾصģû˻ȥƽ˵λá
ԳԺЩѾߣԺ˼㡣

ͣ˲ӡ

ͣ˲ӣ󺰣¾㰡ǵ¸ġ

㻰£Χؿһۣĵţ˵λò⵨Ӵ󣬿ɫӻʹ
ˣҺͽϹϵ

תüۼһ㡣
˲

ĵһ˿ڴ˲ɢִⷬ˵ɱĸˡ
ӲͣطɫҲԽԽ԰ס

ĳˡ

ԣ㡣

ڵϣ·ɢˡ
ȴҳʱվ£Χ˷·Եǿֲֿ

Դ¾Ӿ߳ʱվھſڣüۼ価Ǻ
¾һ㶣ʱĵΧһһĺ졣

¾֪ô£ֻ߽ѯʣôˣ

Ĵոԡ꣬Ů΢죬֬£޵ù֡
ֻǲ֪ΪΣδ߽
мĲãᲽ߽

¸ˡ

һ߽¾оΧѹȸУûüӦĻ

¾ƺµʲôѯʣʲô𣿡

ĲδӦֻԭŵ˫ʱƺôƽ
¾ΪᷢŭʱͻȻڣҲˡ

¾һ㶣δü˵ǰᲽ˳ȥ

¾̧˵ıӰܿ۵ʧ¾ڣأ

ʱڵϡ
û˸
ʱѾʹȥˡ
ĵޱȺڣģֲ̫ˡ

¾ʱһϢſڵϡ
ΧãϵĺҺŹâ

¾߽ǰ

̧Ƽ¾䵭ӡ
Ǽ䣬۵׳˼ޣ¾㣡

ǿЦ

¾ס°̧ͣߣɤ䵭ǺúõѾߣ³

ʱ¾ȻЩֲ

¾Цһգұ߹㣬˽ǽˣɽ

£¾ɫͻȻת䣬һѶվ˵أ

˲¾㲻ô

Ϊβܣ

¾ɤ̫Į㾹ȻִҪɱ

͵̧ץס¾ĽţŹңŹңҡҲ鷳ˣҲˡ

¾ʱǱģԺȴͻȻһ꣬ϰ£㽫㱻ʱ
ҲôǱأ

¾룬⸱ӵĹһʮ꣬Ѿ¸ˡ
¾ǰǽ¾ر𵭣ǱҪҲˡ
¸ÿһˡ
欿ϧҲãԭɱҲգǲô¾ϸ¸ɡ

¾ϧΪ˵ơҲ֪˲Ҳ˵
Ѿ˽궼ع¸ǾȻҪ

¾ŬԼƽΪǣŪӲֵá
һҪꡣ
˭ûҪ

¾Ҳɱ㡣

ԣһ

ű¾Ϳ¸ԸԸⱣˡ

һ㶣¾˼

¾ȥ¸Ϊ죬˽죬ͷѣټϲС

ͷ

ȴ͵̧ͷʲôв

¾ˡ

Ҫˡ

ɴۣݲ¾һڱһڣ

¾㲻ú

̧㣬¾ɤ᲻ţڵҹŹɭ

Ҳ㣬㳢ܵģʳѰ

ʹۣʱ̧Ŷãˣϵ亹ֻͣС˽˳
ˮ˷ӿʹͣŬԴ¶ˮ

ڳܣڴŵڳеһ

˼Σ
˵ûˣֻܲͣغ
ˮеϢټʹݲ񾭡
ɾһ˲䣬͵ر˳

˷κ¾ˡ

С˽ӳ

¾߽㣬һһѯʣˬ𣿡

÷ݶܺһֻһ˫ɺ¾׳ĺ⡣

¾ĺ޶ãپζΣ

¾ǵãȥϰ㣬Ҳĺˮ˷ۼͣ
ҲһΣ¾ʮӣһ

˾ˡ
Ȼ֪˭˲

¾תˣҸС

ɱ¾Ҫdڻѡ

ȻûĵۣǱ߷ˡ
¸ȻܰѽΣϻиң㻹иʷ游

d뽫Ŀļ򵥣Ϊܹٸԭְ
ĵۣdȻ⣬㲻ĵۣ㱻ˣdһô£ӣʷ֣Ըģٸԭְ

ȻʷܰΣ¾ģ˽ӻɿ𣬴Ŀˣ
񣬵¾dڽӡ

¾¸ųΪĻ
Ǿ棬dڹԹظǴ±ˡ
dڸԸҲҪҧһڣ¾Ҳ⽫ΪϢȥ
Ͼ˿Լġ

ǶŮӲһΪǼ٣¸Ӱ졣
һپ٣һ
ͿdǸںʣļֵǹٸԭְˡ

ֻǡ¾Ҳ¡

˵һǧ˰ٰˡ

                        
лҪ˵˼Ҳ塣
ж̣ж࡭Ҳ˵

18

¾תӣʱſʼ˼ķȥʱ˵Ǿ仰

Ҳˡ

ʲô

¾˼֪뵽ʲôͻȻѯʴʼձһֱѾߣд

Ѿҡҡͷ׵ط˵Ļū澲֪

۷ʲôû˸̧ͷ

ԣ¾ֽѯ˺üˣ˵֪

°ɡ

Ѿת˳ȥ˼ҹѾ߻վ

¾˼Ժķȥʱɫ¾²Ǵۡ
¾뵽˳¹ܼ˵Ļ˵ϲŮӽ
˵Ϊӽ
ĵ֣²ûܽӴֻǼ򵥵Ŀŭ

뵽¾㵹Ҳȫôͨ¾λϵķ˽ˡ

¾ã¾ԭԵǰɴʱǰ֮¾Щԥˡ
ĴʱܻͷϣŮӣȥ˺ô죿
¾վȽһ䣬㡣

룬¾ǲԸȥģ鷿ԸŷһӸȥ

ԣһѾ߻Ӧǡ

˵գתˡ

ȻȽһ䣬ݲȥǰǰʾҲ˴š

ҹֻ˴ǰһյ΢΢
غŴ񲻷ҹѾ߽˼Ҫ£ȥ

¾ڴϣ⼸ϰߣʶ˯ȥࡣ
ǰ𾲾ȼţڹ߻谵ûһ¾˯⡣

ֻ˯Ժʱƺſ
űϤĽŲ
Ųڴǰͣûһ¾оĶ

⶯¾ȫѹ͵Կȥ߻谵ֻؿڴߵıӰߴ
ſģĲ¾΢΢ģ̽

ҡ

Ϥɤ¾ȫ
˴ϵϢĵ£ǲԡˡ

¾źۼһŲŲԶЩſѯʣгӸ

Ŀһۣ漴˴ϣԣŵ˫ںҹѹȣӦǿСһһص

¾һ㶣


ĵƺܺá

¾ˣȴЩɣٳٲ
ʱĸһͷŻޣ俴ɫǸźҹ¾ܸоһĿεǿƵÿ¡
ֻ˵֣գĿŵ޼ɵգԡ

֪ɽл¾ȴƫɽеˡ
ʱ¾һֲȥɣȴûһ˵Լȥ
¾ԥһ

ճ¾ͻȻоµһ˫ǯֱסˣűһ͵ؽ¾ϯȥ

¾ֱſϡ

£ȵ壬¾֮ľܽ¾ܵĺ
ҲܽŻ谵Ĺ߿ݡ

ֱۻϣ˫ӣԡ

¾úܿ죬.ڣҹĹ߻谵һϢȻ

ʱĳ¾ϡ
ǲϲŮӽ

οȢ󣬱Ӳͬ˯һŴϣм䶼һЩ϶
еļνӴ֮ܵľٶ١
գ¾̲סЩʲô
Ϊʱ̫ˡ
ÿ¡



¾ɫЩ¡
ֶҺ

˵ڿнӴһ¾ŵӽӲҶһǺԭ˼

֪˶ã¾˯ɡ

˵գ§˴ϣɾɺܽ
¾Դֱϡ
ӣ˵.š
ôܵദ¾̫ӦðЩ⡣

¾ţ֪˶ãԵƺ˯ˣ¾ĽǴŲ
ͼ§ϵÿ
֪¾ָһ֣㱻ס£˵ȣָβƵѲ

¾һ̧һۣ۵µɱۣû˰䣬ʱòһǱĿӡ

ֻǡ˯û

¾ض˶֣ͼִ֪նһ£۵µ˱ͻȻۣһ˫׵ֱֱ

𶯡

¾һ㻹û˯ţ

⻰ʵƺЩ޴
˻Ӧˣô޴ĻﶼԵòô޴ˡ



ȻӦˡ

¾룬Сѯʣ𣿡

ʱظܵȶͨԴԴϵش

ϣӦˣȡ

¾һϲǲǸԶһЩͲˡ

˴һ¶ȻߣοŴԭ¾˯Ҳչ¾Ҳů
¾ţýһʺǵı죬˷ֿǡ
ֻ¾û뵽ĻӦϡ

䡣



¾ɻؿĥ˼

䣿

¾ȷ䣬ǴʱֽŶʮֱ
֮Ա˯Ϊ䣬ɢһЩ⣿

¾ͨˡ
ô˺¾ͻȻûôˡ
иů¯Ȼ⣬ȡĹϵ¾̹ˡ
˯⼴̱ˡ

¾˯Ժʱƺ˵ûӸ



¾ûüϸ룬˯˹ȥ

ûӸ
ųȥȥԡˡ

Ѿߴԡû鷿ԱûӸȥ



ڶһ磬¾һѹˣ¸ˡ

¾д¸ˡ

ʲôʱˣ

ʱ̡

ͦ硣

¸ƺе죬쵽¾̲סǱ⡣

¾˭ȥ֪ͨ¸

Ӧƽ

ƽ

¸̫ˣȫ¾ϡ³¾Ҫƽ˽ȥ֪ͨ¸ʱ

ƽܿˣ֪Ҫʲôȱˣūûȥ¸

ūűȥģɺ˴ſڣ㱻¹ܼ¹ܼ˵Ѿȥ¸ˣԲҪūһˡ

˳ĬƽֵūűҪ߷˵ģɼϢˣŽٸ߷ˡ

£¾°ɡ

ƽ˳ȥ

Ļȥ¸ǳ¾ϡ
¹ܼڴſڶµƽ˵Ķһһָơ
ɴ£Ȼֻδᡣ

ֲ¸ô죬dѡ񣬶Ŀвˣdڲɸ˵İѱ
һdڷٸԭְİѱ

¾棬dڵİѱھ꣬ΰ쵽أ

                        
лҪ˵ϾͲˣңߵԣϲд

19

ĵȷdڲɸ˵İѱ
һdһʧɫİѱ
ѱòܶdڲӰ죬ͨѱdڲĿֻţԼһһָƵľš

ǬԪʮ꣬dڸϿ
dһĸøԶɵ˾ǣŷ֣ǵѧʶ㲻ʲô
ͬסһˣѧʶԨ˲١
Ϊ˳ϣеǮƣ¸˵ʱ˾£˵ĻԾ
ˣɹѡٻڶۡ

ѹʮ꣬淭Ϊ˾֤ڣdֻҪһҧǱģ㲻ʲôˡ

dڿֻŵǣʮǰ£ľȻָơ
㣬ʱǸ꺢ͯ
ԣʱ֪¡
֮Ի֪£ֻǺȥˡ

ʮǰ¶ܵһdڲ֪ľ鵽Щ᲻ỹиࡣ
ֱҴлֻš
־ǣȫ͸Ĵˣĵĵϸһ֪

˵ǰdηĵȨƺ͵λdȴηĵֶΡ
ݣ˲ĺݡ

ڵ֪dƬҲҵ飬һ¸
ڴõȴһֱ

֪˶ãdڲڵȵˡ

¾ˡ

Ϊģʱd¾Ŀⶼ˼ɵֻš

¾˽΢΢

dæվ߽һѣȴ¾εرܿˡ

״dЩΣջ֣ȴЦʮִ飬˵㲡ˣⲡȬˣ

⼸¾δ̫ҽҲС
dڴʱѯʵĲ¾һδ¸Ⱦķ纮
ʱȻԶЩһʱҲʹôҲһιĲ顣

¾ɫƽСС纮ѣȬ

ԣdȻЦˣ˼Ȭ˺ãȬ˺á

˵գdƺѼ䣬¾ȴȿ˿ڣҪ㣿

dɫ΢ó¾ϵ룬Ҳó¾̸ų⣬ֻܵ

̧ɡ

¾ʱԸ˽һ̧

ƹˣϵĹͷѣټ˷纮ʱѾ־ˡ
ڿd֮ȴ˹͵ص䣬

d߽ס̧֣

޵һصҪҪ

Ҫ¾ĥˣ¾ˣɱ



dڳü㳤㣬οҲǵܽ㣬㲻ӸмҲͰˣȻڮΪеʧ

㲻ŵؿdȴջۣ¾Ϊƣ鷳ˣʹظ
˵գdڶ˶ٲż˽죬ڽǰԼ䣬ԭС¡

˵ʲô㽫ִdѿָ¾⣬

ס죡dڻǳ⡣

㱻dڵɫŵʧԣ˲䰲Ҽ˵һ˫ɺȴݺݵش¾ҲԽԽ

ǵʹظˡ
dڵļ㻹¡

¾һֱع۲dڣʵ̬ȶǼȿη塣
ȲҪ뿪¾ͷɫĮһ·Сġ

dڼ򵥻Ӧ˼䣬Ҵææˡ

Ҳʮɻ󣬡ˣô𣿡

ʵdڵĴ·

¾ĿڵѪ

һ㶣ϸϸ˼˷˵ĻŻȻ
ΪʹʧڵѪ

ǽ⣬㶼ЩΪdվ¾Ǳߡ
һ·ϣôô֣dڳ˲ͷغǳһԲ

ɴ¸󣬷־Ȼ϶ԸȰ
ԽԽۣԽܣ֪Ϊһdں϶ƫ¾
ϵļȰ֮㲻ˣԹˡ
ĵ׶¾ĺԽԽ޲ðƤѪ
ĵ׷ģΣһҪ¾ڽ£ú



¾Ȼľdη壬ڶһȲ˻ȥȴҲδѯʡ

ֹ˼գ¾ŻȻԥ
ʱգҲûмˡ
ùź¾Ե˴¡
ȴȥ

¾⣬ΪΣ

Ĳӣᡣ

ԥѾ
¾ҲԥѾˣȻ˵ٰͲٰ졣

ļĬɫȴ͵ذȥֿɲȥ

ͻȻˣ¾Ȼ֪ΪαɫҲʵӦ롣

ԥ̫ˣżҲͦΪΪֹмܵסദȻ򵥣ȴҲ鷳
磬ⶼѾˣҲ˵ٰͲٰ졣ǣҲֻԥ¡

ҲԣԥϢ
¾Щε֪ģ֪ԥΪȡ᣿

ʲô

˵ɤĮ͸¶һ¾

¾΢㶣ԥʲô

δӦĵɫ͵߽¾ߴʱڵĹߣӰ¾ϣ¾˲һ̧һ˫

Ŀѯһ飬ʲô

˵йɷơ

ʱ¾ġ
ɫɫ˼˲٣ȴûһΣǿҡ
˵ϵǹԺӵϢƺ˸е־壬¾ӡ
ദ˺ôֲ¾ˣΪָо˺
Դʱ¾ִѯʺ󣬾Ȼ̧ǳǳЦˡ

Ҳδѯԥ

ɿ

¾Ц¶ˡ

ŮͷСڵر¶ЦһȪʱƽĵһ˿塣

ͻȻ̧֣¾㵵ɫ£۵µŽ۵С
ĳϰ䣬Ѷ˺룬µС̫ˣҶදشϣ㵣Ū

˵ֱŮСķɫγĶԱȣĽ̰ؼȡСϵϢȴ¶
֪˶ãڼڣɤƣ˺¶׼ʡ

Ȼ֪ΪΣ¾ȴǿԹԵص˵ͷ

ͷĵɫ
ģСϵĶ.

Щ仯¾ȴֻ֪֪ͻȻջ֣תߡ

¾ʱס䣬ȥģ

ĵ彩˽Ӫ

ԣ¾Ȼɿ֡

ֺֻȴˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôĬһͻȻš

£̧¡

                        
лҪ˵ÿһ
ңûˣٳһ£ͱ¶ˡ

20

¾΢㶣Ŀµֻ޳ϣ̧ӣϸеɫ
˵Ŀɳţ޲Ʒֲԡ
ֻ¾ȴɫ￴˲ݷǿƺͼ֡

¾ԥ̧ϡ

ҪȥӪ𣿡

̧ϣĵɫµĴ΢˶ʲôû˵̧Ӧȥˡ

ɤͳӦļּ򵥸ɴ࣬ԥ

ԣ¾Ĭˡ
ǰˡ
һһУһһԻ󲻽⡣
˵ȴǿƵĹ֣żֺģܲû־
ͺǳڱϱΪһױʵɳ²֡
˲²͸

¾¾ƺܲ
ʱٳû˵ļ¾̲סˣҿɿ𣿡

ŮӴ̽ĻС΢΢𣬾Ө͸ļǷŹâ˲Ծ㱻
ʵȫеעֻСϣûʲôȴקģƫǴ
ѯʣĵ

ԣ¾˿˳ɿ֡

ʱ˽߱ߵˣŷһ

ʱû뵽ҲڣƼվ˺󣬽Сһţæ밲ū澰ݼ

Ĵʱվ¾ǰ£ĵò



վСԽģ˷Եϡ
ǽˣû뵽һ˵ùź󣬽ȥ˾ӪīԺ鷿
ȥŷȷ˵ʱѹû뵽ڡ

¾˽Ľţ°ɡ

˳ȥ

˳ȥ¾ǰǷƣ̧¾Ц𣿲ӡ

˺Ǿܾˡ

״¾ҲȰ˵ֻһʣڶѡ
¶ˣպڡ
¾С룬ȫ콫ʣµһԡ

ȫ̶һԲ¾ԡ
ǲ˵ڸɺǿ

¾ˣȻܵ治ɫغ࣬ں󣬱˯⡣
ʱѵÿ˯ʱ

˵ȣƺû뿪˼¾ѯʣҪݣ

֪ǲһֱעԴ¾һ˫

ݡ

ԣ¾ҡ

ƺ֪Ҫ˵ʲôĵȥɡ

¾ЦЦʹˬദǲѿࡣ
¾ٺѼ䣬֪¾ûڣͻȻ𣿡



ʲô

¾ɻؿ

ƺû̫෴Ӧʱ䣬վ߽
ȫ̶ɴֱӣ¾ҲûзӦʱ䡣

¾ӦʱѾŽҡ

ܰҲ֪ģЩ졣
¾̧Ŀ½ϣʧ
ִˣòӢͦΣȺĳ㣬˳һ㣬Ứ¾Ļᶯġ

ǹŴǴԱϻǴϣ¾ƽȵġ
ҲգŪһˣû˸顣
ҪӣҪܶԸˣҪһ仰
Ѽ޸ΪޣŴ檣ӵˡ

¾ԽֻһΣҪꡣ
һҹҹĲʹĥջʮ
һ⸱ȻҲúţ겻ǻ롣
ԣ¾УһҪӣڶҪǮơ

¾֪صסģǡ
ǣܳꡣ

ԣķ󣬱Ů͵ɤл

̧۵׵ıЦӯӯӡ
֪ΪΣȴü

лҡ

¾Цⲻ

ӣȻ۵׾Ц⣬ЦȴĪĻţͻȻ̧֣ס˫ۡ

ǰһڣ¾ʶ̧֣ĵһֻסģ˯ɡ

˵գɿ֣˴ϣ˱졣

ۣƺҲûҪÿ˼¾˯ˣҲûᣬ˯˹ȥ
֪˶ãƽ˺Ĳɿ

µŮӱۣͣµСһֻԽޣüǳȻ۵ȴ˼ַ

Ȼ±壬ȴʮ㡣

ں񰮲Ϊ벻ܰһӶߣֻܰˣҲС
ҲںͷĴ̣һһĥƽֻܰƸŮˣᷳᱩ̲꣬סɱˣҲûġ

Ĵİ

ͻȻվڴǰ˴ʱ˯Ůӡ
ĽͷĶϣݿŮ۵ļӶ£ֱ˯е¾ƺе΢һĲͣ˶
ݸ㣬ﾡǲε.΢ͷץס¾˫֣ʮָۡ

¾ˣһȻμԼһ޴Ķ߲ҧѲˣֻԼĸ첲Ⱥӵλ̳븹³
ŵ¾ʱ£亹

ͷ䣬¾ŷһ˯ƺЩá
¾ˣɤ΢ơ

˽

¾ѯʣʲôʱˣ

쵽ʱˡ

ԣ¾˵ͷ

оΣûﲻ

֪һ˯ЩãԵķ˵ﲻʡ

¾ҡҡͷ

Ǿͺá

ˣŵˣѯҽҽ˵˹ҩ÷ӱܶԣʲôԣʳ

¾ЦһۣҳԵĻ𣿡

ҡͷ˳ԵĲࡣ
£ʲô˽ճԵĻ࣬඼ˡ

գ˶ֻСġ

ԣ¾һ㶣к

۵׵ϲã¾̵룬ѵǺ˵ģֻ˯һӻûѣ

ɫ¾پ£ɡ

á

߽ŷ˴

ֻ´ʱ򣬽ǷʲôͻȻһף

¾

ü¾ķ˿ŲֿЩϸơ
ȷϲ˺󣬽üˣôˣ

¾֪⣬ת˾

ҲʲôˣֻǼСۣΪӵ󣬱鲼ĵط࣬ټ¾Ƥۣ쿴ȽϿֲ
¾̧ۣҲûо

ľӣ¾⣬û¡

ǳʲôֻǱʲôҧˡ
ֻҪۣʵû̫⡣

ȴĻˡ
ææرҪС

¾ֹͷ̫ҽеģûҲв

Ȼģȴ¾Ļϵĵ֮ɫһֱδʰˡ

ֻеҹĻ˺󣬽űɫ
ǵˣǽš
ÿμĶ㷴ӦȻ¾Ҳ֪ΪôģϾҲûгͷ
˵ͷӦµǷ裬ġ

ˣ¾ҡͷȥϢɡ

ͷ뿪ʱȴСˣǲһҪ˵δȥҾȥС

߶߶ģС̫š

¾εͷӦ

ڽ뿪¾һ˵˫ֻʣʲôУ

ˣ

¾Ҳûʲô󰭣ֻǲ֪ΪΣϳЩۣҰˡ

¾£Ŀ⾫׼˺۵ľͬʱɫȥ
¾δı仯ҲֻǿſֲЩ

̧ӣɫ̫ˣģ¾Щ¡

                        
лҪ˵ǰɧԲ˾ӣҲԲǺˣһ䣬ܲ٣ڲŮֻڸӦʱˡ
ҪɣƪĵŮϣƪĵŮԣƫʵƫǣһҪ̸˵ױŮܻų⣬Ļǿ
ٵһ£ʱˣױŮӵ̬ˣ׻˵ˮܣĵܾŮ
⣬ĻӦûvĲҶһһvָ¡

21

һ磬ԥ˱˽
˵ԥ岻ʣ˾ٰᣬ֮ǰϵƳ١
Ƴٵʱԥûἰ

Ҳԥ֮١
Ϊȷٰ첻ᡣ

ȻּԥȥӪĥ˶֪Ҳ߸ˡ
ƽԥѵҲЩˣû˸Ҷԥģֻ˼˼ˡ
ԥѵ˺üգҲ۽ǲ˵Ƥ

֪մӽϻؾӪ󣬽ȻԼලԥѵ
֮ԥᵽĲ̡
ÿһѵԼලѶˣԥ͵ˣԴʱĶк
󣬲壬ԥһ绨Ա˺ۡ

̶ֳȵ˹ϰ¶֪ܲܳˡ
֮ǰġӪδףᡱƳ١
ƳٵʲôʱҲҪԥʱָˡ

ֻԥǱˣԲɱӦ־Ψֱ֮ῴˡ
һۡ

ԥ룬ľǾʣ񣬸ϾֻСɩһŮˣ϶㲻ľͳûйϡ
˺Ȼͼ欵Ů˹ȥûоѵ

ؼģǵЩյԥĸۡ
˵񣬲Ҳԥ˸˹֪ͨһƳٵϢ
ԥ䲻ŵȴǵϵİܣҲû˭Ҹԥ

¾ź󲢲⣬ϾǰѾ֪ˣ˵ͷ֪ˡ

¹ܼת˳ȥ

мֺ棬ˣ˵ԥΪλͻȻƳ᣿

¾ҡҡͷ˻Ҳѯʹ֪ģûеõӦ

״Ҳѯˡ
ԥƳپٰᣬĵĻǷ˲ͻȻðĺۡ
һ磬ϸƣ˲ϵĺۺ˲١
ֻǴʱ¾纷Ŀھķϣ̲סüҲ֪ʱȫȥ

Ƥۣһĺ۱رԣôţܹ鲻̫ÿ

һûͷûβĻ¾ӽĿ֪Ժ¡
Դ¾ǲ̫⣬û¡

ȻԥƳˣôûᣬҪЩȥҲûϵ

¾ΪЩۼպȫɢԱû·
ȻЩҲȷɢյʱѾȥĲˡ
ֻڵ¾ԡͻȻԼðĺۡ
һαһθΪأǲӣѾµĵط

¾̧Щ津һûʲôоʹҲֻ¾ȴüţҪһˡ
ʱѾҹ¾ûپᣬŴС
ǵ˵ڶգ¾⽫ˣϻһ¡

ͻȻӣüɫҲ̫ÿ
ˣԥˡ

ɫ¾һ䣬֪Եɣ

򴽣ԥ



ԥ˵
ҪͼŮ˺ڸ˵ʱҲûţӲǰѸе˶ټһ飬һҪѰ޵ȥ˵ľ.
վʢ

ɽԥΪҲûʶСɩԱȵʱôһȽϣŷָϵЩÿһӹ֬׷ۣײ͡
ˣСˣشһģˣϵķ۶ѵĿˣȴڲסֲڵƤ
ôƣȱ˵ζ

ôĵۣ
ĵۣǾʢȥֽھӪѵô죿
룬ԥһ񺮡

ֻԥѾѸϵ˶ټˣҲûƼһ۵ġ󲻵ѣԥַԸȥѰˡ
Ѱԥɲ⡣
ôһƣԥ̲סôû㷢Сɩأ

ԥĹܼҼԥüչүǰո½һ輧Ҫƣ

ԣԥ˾б˹ܼһۣô˵

˵գԸܼҽ輧

ս輧أҲŤŤģСʤСۣᡣ
ԥ˼

ˣܼ˿
ȴԥˣ⼸ȥ

ܼҴһ̲סʡ



ԥԼȥԼûã˳
ֻܷԸ˴Ϊȥˡ

ѡ˼գȥ
ܼҰ˼⣬ȴҲ飬Ըȥ

ԥŮ¹ܼҺͷ趼ԥȥҴңҲͼҴȥԺ¸֪¾

ʱ¾֣˵Ȼӣдȴľ
Ҳ¾һϲʱ¶ˡ

ʱŷԣ¾ʵĶһ٣̧ѯʣ˼

Ӧ

ԥأ

ԥĹܼģʱѾظ

ҲǷΪ㼱ҴҸԺԭԥˣˡ

ԣ¾˵ͷĬˣ˼ʲôһ˵Ȱɡ

Ĵʱڸϣ¾ţȰ󣬾ظͬ£밲طʱҲ㡣
Ͼԥ͸ŮˣӦÿ̬ȡ

㶣̬ȵȻƽһ¡
Ϊ˻취ͻԥϾԥ͵еǿơ
˲̫⣬Ҳûᣬ˳ȥ

ûȵ¾֪ģԥʱ¹ܼұȥ˾Ӫ
¸֪˽
ʱظˡ

¹ܼҹڴſڣӭûʲô飬ȴƽһ

μ¹ܼҹ밲

أ

ͳɤƽĵѯʡ

¹ܼһӦ˰ˡ

£¹ܼұƼ͵ͣ˲ӡ
ϵϢҲ΢ı仯
ŵó¹ܼһҲҶ
˵Żظʱģʱ¹ܼҵĻȴɽѣϵϢˡ

ͽͣٵôһ¹ܼ϶ð˲亹
һ˲󣬽Ჽ뿪
ǷסԺ

ڵ˳ȥ񻹴µؼ֣񰵰ģСع۲ŷ˵ɫķ˻ѹ
۲һûַκ쳣
ƣûκӰ졣
˿ֻҪ˲ѹͺá
ֻ˾ȻЩŮ˰󣬽򴽡

ˣΪҪЩŮ˰󰡣
ϻôƫԶԺӡ

¾δ̧µĶֻͣͦá

һĮҲ֪ǷĻġ

ǡ

˵ԺīԺ̫ˣЩŮ˼ȥô죿
ɻߣȴ˵ڡ

¾֪룬˵һ仰ԺӲԶͽûǣҲˡ

ͷ䣬ů͸ڣҫŮӵϡϣһϢ¾ʵš
ķƣ¾ü嵭˼ƶ˱µּϣһһʮ档

Ļºһͻɤȴ¾ĵȻ

ʲôˣ

һͷһرȥ

¾̧ȴһӾվǣɫ

ûǣҲˡ
ʲôˣ

¾㶣δӦᲽ˽һſڣǱ䡣

ȥ

⻰ǶԽ˵ġ

æ˳ȥ

¾֪ʱѾеǺֱӣһһس˹
գǰվ

¾ȳ˳Ĭôظˣ

ջظʱЩ硣

ĲδӦֻѯʷŵĻûǣʲôˣ

˵ɤƽȴ·𰵲űУĿⰵʱĳ

Ůˡ
¾롣
¾ֱʱǿڻӦˣ᲻̫

ĬĵɫԽԽͻȻֻ̧¾ǰĳδɢĺϣָ滺

¾һ

֪ô𣿡

˵⻰ʱ֪ʱȻĲӣָıȵĺ¾ʶһ
ԺҲػ
͵أ¾Щҡ

                        
лҪ˵һ¾vʮ£һvǰ۶л֧֡
vǰ󱦱ǲҪʣ
ˣˡ
ӵġؼҺղأרɼȤıǸղأм
Ԥİ
գǰշ贫вҵR˸ȥǿȥġ
պϢӺRв˫ȹۡ߹Ƕϰ˹ͻȥ
ڻʱͣؽǹ
˾̾⻹ǵһμвӲ
󣬾Ȼв޲ߡ
ʮպһʥּըǡ
ԭǳвӣ˻պ㼱ææ˹̫˴ͻ顣
ݲ֪뾩Щ壬˵ֿ˻ظ˺󣬱ûܶԻȥ
RǰУһǽļϵ˵˼ҡ
RϲŽЦ˵ĻݻݣⲻԵ
һ仰飺е⣬ֻΪõ㡣

22



ֿ, ֳֵɤ¾Ķ, ¾֪ǱĻǱŵģȻ˸

롣

ð¾Լ
Ȼ֪ʱԵġ롱ֻͽ޹

롭

ڻظĻ, ִеǱϸϸĥû, ϲŭ

롣

͵أĻ, ¾Ӧ, ͻȻоһȰűϸϸؿҧ

ۣȴġ

¾, Ҳ˲, Ϊ˵һֱֻεһְֻĺԣסԴ
Ķ¾Ȼʵ

Ӷ¡

У¾߬ģӵðϣƺЩѣ¾ſ촽

¾ſڡ

˵Ķͣ, ûҲδӦ

¾̧С֣ץ˵ļ, Ĳỽһ

ɤе˼ŮӵĽ⡣

£һΣͣ˶ɴȴδ뿪ֻӺ˸Ӧ



Ӧ¾ڣȴͻȻֵٻһ

¾һ㶣ɾĬʱϵֱͻȻսյ¾һ͵ػ
󲻵ò˳Ļֻһ



ԡҧһڡ

ԣ¾ϸ룬ĳƺ̽

һΣӦĸ졣

ٻһ

ûмŵĶֻǽ໽¾ķɿǽ
Ļֻһ



ٻһ

ԣ¾ѹͷĹ죬



ʾ¾ЩΪˡ
ȻƽʱҲȴûܵػ
¾ĿĲϣصشľϣЩ٣Ҳſ
ƺǼòڣڲĿϣ

ʱ̬ǿְԵƺһ˿һͷ
Ȼƽ¾Ҳǿƣȴ㣬ڡ
¾ӿʼڶһͷˮԺ˼ҲǱȸߣʱòܻһ侲¾˳
ܲŭ⣬¾Ҫ֪ΪΡ

¾̧ӣѯʣôˣ

Ŀԣ¾ɫ΢ϡ
ʱɫ򵥶ֱףΣ¾ò²⣬ܷ㺡
¾һźò侲мֱѡ

Ӧǵ

¾ҧػһ

£¾ͻȻоڿգһԵİϡ
¾ĵţȻֻ˫ڰջ¾Щ¡

һһصһ

ɡ

¾ʱĸ߶ȸպƽӣ̬ȺǿӲ߶ƿƬ̣󲻵òֻһ

ڲ˵ˣҲˣֻǳĬؿĿ޼ɵ¾ԡ

һһ硣

¾Ӳģ¾ЩİЩ¡
Ҳ̵¾С糺졣

֪˶ã¾뿴𣿡

ʲô

ѯʣȴδӦ㱧߽һԵľǰ

ľִľ޼ճӵÿһλÿһƤ
ԣһ߽¾Ƽ˲ϱ鲼ĺۡ
ģĿġ

һ¾ಡסҽԺӴİӣ̸
һڹŴȻǬԪ㿪ţܹŮб¾йܽӴ

ԵֲϵĺۺܶܣǹֻǱҧˣҲδ⾹ȻǺۡ
ǰջִĵطʱ¾ٿȻĿⶼ估СҲԽԽ졣

˾վ˫̶ֹĿ⼫֪Ϊ𣿡

ʱǻ֪ʮͰ׻ˡ
¾̫ҪӦֻƺִҪһӦ



¾ʱͷһ飬׷ʣֻܻӦ֪

ɤģӦֹֻһеķܡ
Σַ

ıΪҪǼŮˣ

ڽˡ

¾ĴԿٵתţԥǼŮˣǼŮ˺ķӦ￴Щε㺡
¾и˼Ĳ²⣬ȥ֤
Ӧû

£¾㷢ɫԱˣ¾ԥˣҲҲգԲŲѽǰ󡣡

ѡ
˻ظԵ֡

¾תһͷǣѡ

ĿСϣƺ仰ʵԡ
þòڡ

¾ΪѾŵʱȴͻȻǻʲôˣ

ûǣҲˡ

¾ɫһţĻҲŽǰ˵Ļ
겻ôôɺϣɾˡ

ĬĵɫҲԽԽ

ڣ¾˵ĿҪ֮ʱڻӦˡ

ûˡ

¾̧ظһ飬ûˡ

˵ŵĺע
״¾ɤмֽţҲϣ߻ˡ

£¾Ըо彩Ӳһ˲
һǼ䣬һ˲䣬¾о˵Ĵϡϣδֻģ뿪ɤɳƶ֣ء

ˡ

ԣ¾һڵһɣ̱Ļ

ǣ¾Ȼɵ̫ˣΪһ˲ǰЩͻȥɡ

¾ûü˼еġЩǺΣһ仰塣

壿

¾һ˼֪ʱ˵˭
ԥŮӡ

еӵİѱϸŮͻȥĵ
οЩŮ˻ԥġ
ȢȢͣ彫Ůͻԥᱻ˿϶ʸҪҲᱻڡ
檳ȺΪٵĹŴһĶڣ붼ġ

¾Ӳνİ飬ڲ㺺¾ӿʼ𾪣ѾƽˣϾԼòĵġ
˻һòŮ˲㺺һ㺶ûǲŲ

ֱӵķӦ
ԥǼŮӺŻ᲻ãŭ

֪㺵ıжãܾ˳ҲҪɢ˺Ĵ
ԴʱĵĻ¾Ĭˡ

Ϊʲô˵

ӹɣˡ

£֪뵽ʲôͻȻüɫˡ

㲻ͻȥ

ԽԽ䡣

¾ٳĬٲڣУ뵽ࡣ

ûС
¾ͻȥ

ԣĳĬɫİȻڵ˵

¾ֻڵģҵͻȥ˻᲻ᴫڵ

˻¾ԷθҲ˼ǺĽңΪⷬҲԥջŵľ
Ͼûĸ뱻ڵ

֪¾Ļһ䣬ɫת磬һĨЦ£ϲڡ

¾Ȼ

ûջطǻ˼¾̵룬ˣʱҪǼŮ˻ȥȻˣǱɡ
ֻϣպҪڣҲҪ

¾ֻܻӦǺá

˵⻰ʱ¾ﻹ룬һպˣ޹ǹô죿
Ȼǩ־ݣպôڣǨŭ
ΣҪ

ֻ¾ţͻȻ
Ჽߣ¾һ򡭡ȥģ

ĴһۣӦġ

ģ
ʱģǷԸǼԥŮӻظ

ȻˣǱҪţűҪԺܶˡ
¾ĲٿһЩ߳ӣæǰɣҿԼߡ

ȥ˳ɺͳ
˷绯Ļ¾Ϊ顣

ȴ·ûһ㣬µĲӲͣ

¾ûһ䡣
ֻܴæǵȵȣҰΧϡ

ĿһۣҲ֪ʲôµĲǽͣ

ģ

¾˿ϡ

⼸䣬ƽʱΧ
ů㣬ùź¾˿ŽΧȡ
ôҲˣϵĺ۳˽źļѾ֪ҲƼ

ת߻ӡ

¾ĥĥشΧһûڣ



һۡ

֪ΪΣһۣ¾ȻʶĿڡ
Żǽ

ܿջۡ

¾Ҳ˿һ˲䣬߳ӡ

Ȼһű㿴Ľ
ڿԵ𾪺¾󵽴˿ķӦˡ

֣ĳЩ棬ǿƵù֡
¾ûû׳û󣬸ݵλˡ
¾ĬĬѹЩɬԼ侲Ҫ̫ʧ̬

ĲӺܿ죬¾ƽʱҪһ·̣㵽ˡ
ﻹһȴ·δܵκӰ죬ǵ˵һ΢Ķëʼɫδйκα仯

úƺ
ô

¾ɫڱˣܾôĻЩˣʱ⸱治ɫطԸ˽ͻԥ
ų¹ܼҺ˻δ¾ֵһ飬ɡ

Ȼδ˵¾ȴ˼

š

¾

¾ʱĺˣ֮ǰͲŮӡ
һ㷢㺣¾ȻỻӣȤ֮ǰ¾ᾡ˳

¾ʵŮӻԥˡ

Զԥԥʱ˼磬û¾
ͻȻŮ¾ʱָжڡ
¾ӶˣʱЩмܲס

¾ֻ䣬СȷӰ첻á

ˣֻ赭дصûʲôá

ûʲôá

ûʲôã

ԣ¾Ĭˡ

ã¾Ǿʲôܷ
¾˼룬òӽҲһԵʵƽһҡҺߣòã

ÿ¾֪ʱж졣

ƺǳãɫȰȥٻһ

˻гɾ͸

¾ʱҲֻ˳ֻһ

¾ֶһ仰òã

á
λӦ÷ǳ졣

¾ɫһվλϡ
ϵһ̣¾Ȼ˿

Ȼһ˲䣬¾⴫Ķ
ǳ¹ܼҺͷˡ
إ緽ѾȥˣԳ¹ܼʱһԥǼŮӴˡ

ʱ·֪ͷѵԼ˶ǴҴҸʱġ
ڼ˽ݺ󣬿վһԣţɵˡ
ΨһԵĽɫͨ죬̧ͷ

¹ܼҺܿ㷴Ӧ밲ūŰݼˡ

ҲŷӦæū澰ݼˡ

ļŮҲִһݣ밲

˵밲һ䣬һֹİ֮С
¾ƬҲԵ˵¾ʱڴ˽Ӳ

ɡ

ԣ

¾ֿ̧һԵˣûпڵ˼ջۣ˻¹ܼңҪͷһˡ

¹ܼҵ˵ɷūˡ

¾Ŀλϣ䲻󣬿Сģ׾ᣬƺûֳ棬ģģҼ
һ˼˶̲ס⼸ۡ
ԥһε˼λ

¾˼ʱĲ֪ʱȻһСǰĳ档
˿ָȦֱɿ˵ɫĮǽݺ㲻̧ͷעһС˿ϡ
ֻ֪ʱжǿ򲻵Ĵҿرǲܿʱλķˡ

¾Ͼ˼ЩĿλ˻żɽ¹ܼҴͻԥɡ

¹ܼһ㶣ȻűټʱѾ֪Ǵ£ɴʱǷĻ⾪ȡ
ϾΪǽԸŮͻԥ

¹ܼǽˣϽδǰѾ˽ЩҲһֱڽߣȻ֪꽫ּͻһ¡
֪ǰһδսּؽ
ؽĽΰ췱ʢϽ˲ֹһ
ɳ¹ܼȴ֪Щ

¹ܼ֮ǰ֪ΪΣǰ֮󣬽ͻȻϵּͻһµ˳¹ܼҡ
ϲŮӽȴּӭȢ˷ˣʱ¹ܼұ˽˼
ΪӭȢ˶ġ
һҲǰŮҵ˼ġ̨ͤ¥󣬼ɽˮ֣Ժȡʫ黭⣬ףǽķ

ԥ˼Ů󣬳¹ܼҲŻἱææȥӪ¸֪
Ϊ֪˼ڷϡ

ɳ¹ܼҴʱȴԷ˵彫⼸Ůͻԥ
¹ܼЩԾ缱Ҵһظ֪ԼЩŮ˻ԥ
ֻǲ֪ΪΣͻȻˡ

¹ܼû㶶ã㹪Ӧǡ

Ů¾һ̱֪Ҫͻԥˡ
Ȼǵһ۱㱻վλԵˣҲ֪Ǹ˱Ǵ˵еĶ
ɴʱҪͻȥĽȴҿڡ
Ǹ˴ͷβû˵
ǾǲҿŮ˵ֱʱ׼ÿ£Ǵ֪ǿˣǵĻʲô
ֱֻ¹ܼͻԥ

ԥ⼸ٵ¹ܼҰ⼸ͻԥһһصģʱ
ˣǵʱһ˿ֵü鶼ûС
¾˵ȴǷ츲صı仯

ʱ¹ܼˣҲ˳ȥ¾о˵ϢԽԽϵĺܺá

Ȼɤɵͳһ˿ޣ¾ȴú⡣

¾֪λӦûпڡ

ĵ

ڵӦ

¾ˣƺÿһ仰ҪӦ
һ¾ʵ֮ǰȻЩǿƣҲѽܣʱɵӲΥ
¾ϧɢˣ˳ٷϺܶ๦򣬺ֲΪ
¾ǻȥҲˣȻĺá

£Ȼãֻõı־ҧҧĶ
ĩ˲ɳƵԺˡ

¾룬ҺΧȻƾǲֻһۡ

ʱڵ֪ϵĺǺۺ¾㲻İõسˡ
Ȼ⼸϶Χ

¾֪ʲôʱϲģҲ¶Ͼ˵ϲֱӵķӦױ
¾ӣҪ¾кβףֻһֱΧҲܶһӵǺȥˣڴ£ҪҸʵʱίһ¡

ȻʱǺʵʱ䡣

ʱΪԥŮ£¾δݡ
ƺ˽Ϣ¾ûڣ𣿡

ӿ¾ԥ˵ͷ

״

¾شɫ̵ţǴʱ᲻ͬ⡣
룬¾ÿˣÿԲ
ϾŸϲҪױһЩҲǿġ
ȻЩΪ飬ǽǸ⣬˭֪¶ʱ˳ɣ¾ţʱ䳤˲Ҳ롣



˵ԥƼͳȥŮ˲ʱ㱻ͻˣνḻ䡣
ԥĹܼ˽뿪ɴʱԥ¹ܼȴ뿪
ֻԥѯʣΪνͻ

¹ܼһδӦԥ־ǳĲ𣿡

ԥ뵽ԭҲֻˣϾڼСɩӺŮ벻Ҳ

ԥֺʮص⼸Ůֿۣ⸮ϵ˻ǣ´ȥѡ

ԣ¹ܼҵǳ˳飬ŲػӦԥµĻǽԸūǻԥǷˡ

£ԥɫһɴۣʵ

ʵ

ԥɫתȻصһԼԴյңֻˣȻСɩӡ

СɩΪֵޣȻϣбŮ˰ռķ
ҺСɩ˽͹ȥŮ˻⼸ŮڽСɩӲˣ룬ԥڲѡ
Сɩǵˣ˭˶ҪǴ
ò˵ϧһԥĺܺá
رǶˡ

¹ܼȻ֪ԥʱ룬ֻ֪ԥͻȻͷŹ

ظɡ

¹ܼת˳ȥ
ֻڽſҪ̤ȥżʱȴͻȻԥš

¹ܼͣ

ԥСɩӿɻвˣ

¹ܼҵĻӦԥūŲ֪

ԣԥ򴽣֣ˣ߰ɡ

ŮȥСɩӶȻ᲻ˣʱСɩӼȻѾ˻ǹƱûвˡ
ôһ룬ԥüͷչˡ



Ե²ţ´ǧ
һʱ䣬˽ԥ͸ŮͻԥϢ㴫˾ǡ

ʹ

ʱŮ˶˴ϢӲƿڻŮˡ
һ˫ɭӷ޵׵Ķʱ˻ǣֲˡ

Ŷس𣿡

˻ӦӣϢʵ

ԣۣãԵŮˣŮ˵ѩһѣǵŮ˽ζе˼

֮ԻὫڵһʱΪͼŮˡ

ǺηӦ

ϸ˴ӹ⴫Ϣδ˵кηӦ

ԣӵɫζ
ûзӦǾˡ

Ĵ˿ƿ԰Ŀˣʵ˼ܣΪӪʮΣա
ĻҲ˵ģΪС

ձȨǸ֮ˣѡܣû£ģǵòʧ
ܱܣұҪ£ˡ

Թ£һ˵ģǽƱȨƵλǱֻŮˡ
ģƱȱȨƵλʸ߷壬ֻŮˡ
ֻû뵽Ů˻ûüͳȥ㱻˸֪ѾͲȥˡ

ЦͽŮֱ˻ȥһţЦ

ĴŮ˵ĺϣսŮ˴ܺȴɲҶҲҿֻš

ԵŮ˱յɫ췢ϣ˳Щɿ֡



Ůȥ¶һ̡

ǽ֮£ЩˣѾǰȢˡ
궼δκη˵ĽˣվȻôһǳˡ

Ȣ˭

ǺԺѧʿdڵĳŮ¾

ԣۣԺѧʿ



¾һʱѾɽˡ
ϲǣ֮ǰ˯Ե˲ˡ
ֻһˡ
Աµ¶ȱѾͦá

¾˿ˡ

˽
ˣˡ

¾

֪ǲ˯þˣ¾Щġ
ڴһѹ

أ

Ӧˡ

ԣ¾˵ͷЩɢȥʣ˵Ҫڸ𣿡



˵գ㰲

¾Щ죬Ųȥ
ԴСͨ죬ǲڿ̧һۣĿⲻСϵĺϺ͵ջۣ¶࿴һۡ

ڽķӦ¾ûж룬Ϊǻڵģ찲ģˡ

֪񵱼СӦ趼ūˡ
Ϊˣ񻹱˵һͨ

ϵ¶¾ཻɳ¹ܼҺͷƽҲͽͼѾչ¾
£Ϊʲô󲡣ǽ¾Ϣ󣬽ʱ֪ԭί
¶赣ĽպЦӲ˵һ磬Ůǵ¶˵ɾ˲ſա

Խʱ죬ɲΪ¾ϵЩۡ

ԣ¾һ㶣мֲȻرͷ
ְ

ûἰǷҪظţ¾ţòظƳŵʱ䣬һ
֪û¾´Ĵ˽

밲ū澲μ

Ĳԣֱ˴齣Ŀ⾲¾ϡ

¾̧ȥһƿЩɻ
ʲô

治ɫʮ̹Ȼۡ

ԣ¾ɫ΢΢Ӳ֪ǲĴܾò

ǡɡ

ǰ

ƺŲﻹһˣδֻȥ

Щţ¾
״¾ֻܵͷ˳ȥ

¾˴ޱش򿪰ƿϷûһ˿¶ȡ
¾ʱ֪Ϊôˡ
ò˵¾֮ǰҲġ

̧ƺҪͿĨҩ࣬¾񣬵ɡ

һ٣ɫ⣬ȴǿƵزɣ

ԣ¾Ҳǿˡ
ԸͿĨҲ㣬ȻԸǾͿɡ

ֻȴٳûж¾̧
¾һ㶣ƺʲôǾͷˡ



ȻڵӦ
¾ЩΣҲЩЦѾ˾ˣҪӦǿƻִ¾񲢲ų⡣

ĵĶᣬᵽ¾˿⡣

Ҳ֪⻹⣬忿ԽԽ
Ķͣµʱ¾ȻִĻˡ
ƺرϲҧĶ䣬ҧ˺ſĶϵôл

¾

ҧֿкĶ쬵ģʱĻ󣬶ʱоһӶ߹ι
ûмǴŪġ
֪ˣ¾žͲüͷ֡

ȻôˣȻĿġ
¾ˣദӲΪӲ
ֻ˳㡣

һȥ鷿лʾ֭һл
ҪлܲܰһҲл͸ɡ

¾룬̵صҪʲôл񣿡

һԲ
ֱĿԽԽƵҡ

                        
лҪ˵ҶһһҪл񣬾Ҫס
ԶСֱܾ˵˰ɣҪҵ
ǣˣʵСҵſͷС׽ҲãһҲã

23

, ȻĿġ
¾ĵһ뷨

, Ŀ󾱵һȼյ, ԽԽҡ
Ҳ֪ΪĻﻹΪʱգ¾ҲðЩ⡣

˵ֱ̫, Ҳ̫̹Ȼˡ
ֱ̹Ȼ¾Ȼһִеġҡ־˯һ



ڴߴ١

¾ԥһ˲, ̧ͷ, شһ¡

ˡ

ĵ彩Ӳһֱ¾ֳỽ, Ż



Ҷˡ¾ʱ

ĿеĻͣ, Ҳ֪˵ĻģȻЬȥ

š

ԣ¾˿Ӧ죬һſڱһ֣˭ֺ֪ӵʲô

ǡǡǡֻģ

ܹһźʡ

ε̹Ȼ򶨣¾治ɫһ, Ƿش¾񶼻յûš
촽ҲƻմȾϵ¶ȣ̵޺졣

ѱʳ, ң¾ƼѰڷϵʳ
Ƕףü˳Ŀ

ˣ¾ǾЩΪ顣
ץǰϣ¾С



˵ĻӦܿ죬µĲȴͣǰҲûҪ˼

¾żĵ׾Ȼز³ʱ뷨
ǴŰɣ
뵽¾һæҡ롭

ԣĴĿֽŵɫϣϲұ㣿

¾һ㶣Ѱ˼ⲻǷϻ

ǲϲ㡣

ֿˣϲŭ

ɲ֪ΪΣ¾еز仰֮ı仯
ĻӦ˲ϲ¾ֱҪˡ

ĳĬĵѹԽԽͣ״¾æûвϲ

ֻǡ¾£ƺЩԥСҲԽԽ죬Сûʱҡ

¾ͲѺ߶ֿˡ
ͷؿ֮⣬Ҳܿ

֪˶ã¾ڼɫһ˿Ц⣬Ҳϧʩһ֣á

ԣ¾˿



˫ڵϵһ̣¾ޱ̤ʵĸо
Ҳʶľٴ룬¾ǰһͼԶЩ

һ¾˸飬Ȼһ̧۵׵Ц⾡ɢȥü塣

״¾һͻȻע⣬æ˻ȥ䣬Űɡ

¾֤̹Ȼ˵껰Ȼתȥߡ

ȴͻȻס¾ŴؿһһصҪϰߡ

ϰʲô

ûͷûԵһ仰¾Ȼ붮˼
ϰֻϰ

¾˳ǣִĻ˵ӦǴڡ
Բôճ
ȴڵˣ飬ܷҪȴڹɵڡ

¾οԼȻҪ˼鷳Щǲ鷳
ôһ룬¾˾

á

¾ӦСЦ⣬۵ȴ͸
Ϊڸǵĺܺá

¾֪ת֮ɫȻûް

ľظ¾Ŀĺ󱳡
룬һ۱֪
ֻԵϰҲġ

Ȼ֪˵ĻΥȷãԲȴ޿κΣԹҪ˳˼ⶼޱ㡣
㵽ԸһΥС˼
ٶĵϰߡ

¾ȥһ̣ͻȻо˿˵ͳɤڶ

ҵϰߡ

£¾͵һ
Ϣòȥ¾ΣӲǼһĨαЦݳӦ

ൣˡ



̯˼˺¾⼸ջ϶ǻƤ¡
ÿҪ빬糯ʱ䣬ȻӪûȥ

¾ֹһҪѯʣôе
ߣֱסˡ
˲Уκһ仰͸⿴͸ĵʵ롣
仰һСĴ̼ĳ㣬ʹĺг

ʱķΧȷгÿռʱһʱЩҪʱʱͻ꿽ʣҪϰױĶͦгġ

ȻȴûǿӲҪд֮¡
¾ǰҹ˯ľսЩ⣬Щӵһձһ˯ó
¾룬֮ǰ˵ϰߣҲԶˡ

ٽ磬¾Ǳѵġ
Ѿˣ¾Ǳˡ

Ժۣʱ΢ȥиڸ¡
⻹¾һʱڸ¡
¾ʱʱˣҪôǲڣҪôش￴߿

ҹ˴꣬ʱ⻹С꣬Ŀ΢
¾룬ϰһԵ¶ȣʱˣͻȻ䣬Żᱻѡ

ȻѾˣǱûмڴϿԼµĵ
¾˶ӣֱ۰ڴϣŬۣԼѡ
оˣ¾ӴĿ¾һ

ˣ⼸˯ЩȣԸ˲ů¯ˡ
ֻû뵽

ˣ



¾˳Դȥ

¾δĳ¡

˵գ¾̧ͼƿ졣

˯ˣ

ĳ¾ľٶ

һ˲䣬¾ƽӣֵظѯһ飬ǲ˯ˣ

¾΢㶣Ӧû

˯
ʱŹîʱúܡ
ֻΪº˯

Ǿͼ˯

ǡ

¾ûѻԵ֪ɽѾˣܲڴϿԸϴȥ糯ɡ

ûʲôǡĳɣ˯

¾Ծˣ֪˵ȥҲͽ޹
οҲ

ǣ¾ĬĬ˻ȥ˱
ȴҲû˯ಽظ

׵

¾Ϊһ̱Ҫתȥ֪ȴͻȻ
ſű˹

¾ַŽ˱֪ڸʲôƬ̺ü塣
׼ȷץסڱµ֣¾ü

ô˵

¾һ㶣˵ʵ˺ûãûô䡣
ֽһֱģҲȡ
ֻЩҹ˯ֽŲůġ

⻰ûüڣֺ˽ס

˯ɡ

״¾ĵ׵ĻĬĬȥԹԵرۡ
űɣʱûʲô˯⣬ֻҪۣӦҲ֪û˯ţһ˺ۡ
¾ΪҪװ˯֪ۺûûʶ

ʱѹʱ
ů¯¾һ۱ܲ
ɨһۣ¾֪Ļû³ظ

¾ˡ

˶˽

ˡ

¾ѯʣʱյů¯

ǽʱԸġ

ԣ¾ȻΪһ˵дξٴ뻹ͦϸĵģɺ룬ȷϸģϸĵܲ׽һһܴκξٶƳ롣
ôһ룬¾˲ˡ

˿Ҫˣ

ɡ¾

ѾͣˣĿʮ£Ƣ

ź¾ϴ¾ഩ˼ʰ׵¾š

ùź󣬽ʱﴫһϢ

ʮգʺٳƷԱϵĳϯ
ͬǣһΣʺˣǹԱмǵŮҲԳϯ˴硣

£ܿھ˷ˡ
˶ղ
ʺΪѡأ

Ϊˣ¸æµ
ŮӼӼ
ܱʺ￴ˣұѡΪǼĸ֡
ߣҲδȢޣû˻ʺۣܱʶѡΪҲĪĸ֡

¾˵ʲô£ֻǳϯһͰˡ

                        
лҪ˵ˣʷлʵÿϳҲлʵǸһγƽ
۶ҵıǣԲСһҵΰɣѽ.ѽ

24

õ, ϥҲλ, һλˡ

ʺ, ʮӴĶ񣬽ʮ, ǵ
һλ߻Ļ겻ʮһ, ĸһŮ, 

¾Իʼҵ˽ⲻ࣬Ҳڼ󣬲Ŵ˽һЩ
, Ĳھ, Ҳûϯ֮١

һΪ¾Ӳʣüǡûܳϯ
Ϊռ޽ټ»պ뾩ȥ򱱣Ҳûмǵûôˡ
٣ǰʺٳ¾Ӳյʹ롣
û뵽Ļؾһ£Ҳˡ

¾, Ϣʹ̫񸮵ˣ̫๧˳ȥ

ҹ꣬ʱȻѾ, 滹ʪģ˳ȥ߶

¾£ټ˹ﴫϢ£壬һһ߻˼·
幤ãֻϲԼͼͣȻ˵㣬ͦгɾ͸С

ϵò࣬оҲǵĶӺͻʺӡ

¾ʺûнȴй
ǰ͹һ»
δı棬ȻΪԼõΪ»
ԭʲôԶ

ȥ򱱣ûھǣ¾Ǹռȥݺ¾յİá
ֻĻ˾ǣ¾һһ㲻⡣
Ҳôˡ

ǰʱ䣬͹һЩƷ
Ϊҽ֪¾ˣ͵һЩػ

¾ϸϸ˼˺󣬻˵͵ĲƷ
һЩƷˣҲûٶóȻ˻ȥ׵Ǽ£Է̲

³ظʱƼ̤ϴ塣
ƺǳ棬Ӷ֪

¾ٻʱΪƼµӰ
̧ȥ˫



¾ˣȻ֪

ʲôڱ

ԣ¾΢㶣֪סֱԣʺٳ

մӻʹϢӦҲ֪ġ

֪¾ȴĿеϣҲ֪ʲôߵһ

¾Щԥ

ĵһ飬ûˡ

仰¾㶮ʲô˼
ûˣԱ

¾ЩΣ̬ȣ֪ǱҪȥ
ֻܷе˹ȥ

սӽ㱻һסϡ
¾ܵϢԽԽߣʣʺٳʲô

¾Щʣѯʺ˼㱻תˡ
¾ʺ粻˳ޣ˳ӸδŮ

š

¾ӺӶδȢޣ֮λʺͨΪѡ

Щ̵棬Ĳ⡣

ǰ򽫾͹һ»񡣡

Ƕӵĸ
¾֮˵ô࣬һ̫һġ
ֻվķ

ѹ٣̫ȴٳδ
ǬԪĹ˵Ϊ̫ӡ
ô꣬ȴһֱδ̬ټ϶ӵ²ż汸ͣǵЩͷǹӣٴ󳼵Ҳҡڲ

ǰʱƷʱ¾ѯⲹƷӦδá
¾룬¹شû
뵽ģӦҲ뵽úʱøˣȻ
ֻԸơ

֪˼¾źˡ
һ⣬ٷϺܶ˼ֲΪ

Ͼֻ֪˼¾ܼ¡
ô˵ޣűŽ
˭ߵýҪվģֻ˭ûվֻҪиȡ

ȴٳû˵

¾ֵǰʺ粻ҡ

ˡ
¾⻰Ѿ˵ķǳˡ

˵

ûĻظ

ԣ¾һ㶣Ѿ˵ôԣһˡ
ȴ˵ȥôܼ˵ЩֱԱ㲻ô׵ˡ

¾ʾֵ֭ǰʱƷⲹƷǷգ

ЩƷѾˡ
⻰һ̬ȡ

˻Ѿʵķǳֱˡ
¾Ҫװ

˵أ

һĵĻӦ¾̲ס
֪Ҫʾ֭

¾һӺ¾żŭʱϨ
룬ˣô»ܸͲˣ

ȼս˹װɵɡ

¾תԴСȴͻȻסˣת˻ȥ
¾ʲô

ֿˣѾЩãֱ˵

¾һ㶣ĺܺãƺҪֱʳڡ

״¾˲ˣһֱ֪Ҫѯʲôֻڵֱʳڡ
ʵˣʱǻֱʳڣӦֻˡ
ֻǾڷ

ôһ룬¾ֱԣʺ͵˭߽

仰˼ǣӺվķ

¾һֱСĹ۲ɫ仰ʵֱףЩ˼

£¾ͻȻ

ǽһ㣬Ĵǣ˵ùܡ

ùܵ˼Ƕķվ

¾ˣͬʱҲ˿û˼

á

ţĻͻȻ𣬡Ҫһˡ

ԣ¾ʶӦá

º¾Ӧʱȣȥء

¾仰£ƺˣסĶ

˵

ű

¾ת˼֪뵽ʲô˻

ĻϬԺʲôֱʡ

¾һ㶣ڵӦ˵ͷԹԻӦá

գתȥ

¾ĬһĿȥıӰҲ֪ʲô˺һջ

˺˽һ߽ӱƺʲô

ʲô

¾̤Ϸң˿棬ûз֣¾̧һ

ϵģôˡ

Ҳһң¾λңҲһԵλңķλӡ
ûҵ

һҲûҵ¾Щˡ

ˣˡ

Ȼ£һ֮ǰŷϵĶܼǵõġ
ﶼұˣƾʧ
ԭֻһ

¾뵽إ˽
ˣԸūŴ£ҹܻ

£ɫ죬إǰһ˲ڰҡ
һ̣㱻֪ڽǡ
ôľսĸо

֪ˡ¾ƽ

¾˵⼸Ҳ˵ʲô
Ҳܸȥûû
ôҲ벻ףҹܻ֮ʲôϵ

ֻǿϧˣǸû͵ĺɻ
¾ţҹܲܰҪɻꡣ

Ľƺĺæҹʱ¾ȻѾ˯ˡ
һնһֱʮգ¾һʰ׵󣬾Ȼظˡ

Ǵæ˻

¾ͦģϾʱæ϶飬ڰ
ҹżܸܵһԣ¾ҪǷظˡ

¾ҲæʲôʵϣǰʱմڸϵӲ¾ù졣
һܱܲС

ʺ磬ʱ͸ýˡ

߽¾ѯʣôˣ

㡣ࡣ

£ĵĿϡ

빬¾˵ױ
Ŀþõͣϣо޵Ҳ¾
¾룬μױ
һ»֮ҹڶǻ¸һΣǵΡ

ֻĿȴԽԽ֣Ȼü

״¾ʶò
ױж˰ɣ

⵹¾ˣûжױֻǵȥˡ

¾һ㶣

                        
лҪ˵һ棬ҰдɶˣѸġ
죨8ţϼӣʱ䶨ʮһ㣬ǡ
Բ
Զѽϵܡ

25

¾Ϊ, һƺûô, ¾ڷʱ㱻ͻȻ

ֱȥ

ڿյ˲¾ˡ

Ÿմ߳, Ժĳʱǵ, ¾عʱѾƼԺ֡
ŵæ

Ӧ, Ҳδ, ޱرֱ߻Ժ

¾˼
ûκá

һ·ϵ˲٣尲˷¾ʱȻûаɬ, ΪĵĲ˰ɣ

ܿ, ֻӡ

¾Žңϡ
ʱ¾ŵֻ

ĵĿ¾Ϳ˿֬ĽϣΣʱ΢ŵһһϣһĨ޺ϧ



ڻӦ, ֱ¾Ĵϣ΢΢¾ƽӡ

¾ָܵ, ̧˺ؿ

ڸϴţҲȥ

˵գ¾ջ֣վһ鳶ʺܣһҡ

仰µ¾֪οڡ
õɶû˵ڱ㱻ӭжˡ

¾ڳĬΪһӦƺرǿӲӦĻᶼûС

ֵԹڸϴţȥһ˻ʹ

˵գ¾ƺ뿪ļˡ
κηĻᡣ

¾æסļ

ͣ

¾򴽣Ҫ

⼸¾˵ļᶨҲ쳣ֱӡ

ȻĻ£ɫ

ʵر⣬Ҫ˵
ϾŮ˶ĵطǷǶࡣ
һˣҲܶలȡ

ǣ¾ƺ΢˼
ϲһʱֻԼǶռÿ˻ٶС
˻ֻ룬ȴȫĻᣬ㶨ˡ

¾ܽܡ
ǸˣǸˣմڸϣӴˡ
ңͷǲƣƾչȥ»ԽԽҡ

һգǲϲˣָô죿
һε³

ƺǳɫ

¾ӲӲʯͷֻܸ㡣
˸գϾʱϲĵ׵ϧ֮⻹еġ

¾ǳǳЦţͷȥ

ü

¾ǣתסֺ֣ȣʱڴֺ󣬺ԣעתˡ

һ˲䣬ֽģû¾˵һֻ֡

һ

ôôĵɫѿ

¾ҵӲãҽ˵Ҫȥ߶

򴽡

¾ĵ¶ȣƺǼ־þòůϵϢԸˡ

¾Ѿܾûгˡ

̧ɤͳȥģҴȥ

¾ʵС𣿡

ŮӵɤᣬͺԹԵǣ޵СȾһΣսȥ

ĳĬá

¾һֱӡ

֪˶ã¾ͻȻϣһѽϡ


ૡ

¾һԾûпڡ

˱־롣

¾š

ֿˡ

ڵӦ¾æá

֪Ҫòˣ¾˿
ȴٳδ

֪˶ú¾̲סýˡ

ˣˡ

¾ƺ̾˿

Ѿ˺ܾãڿŷ߳治ɫɵźŷ
ǱΪȴϸŷ˽
⵹һ˾ˡ

ʻ뽫

¾ʱЩľսͻȻע⡣
¾ˣһ·û˵

ܿ㵽˻ʹ⣬ͣ

¾ȥһֱڼµֱ
ڳŵ˫¾һΪʱЩԾ

Ҫ˰ɣ

ȥˡ¾ȿڡ

˵գͼٶһ͸⡣

Ͼ¾ת֮ʱȴͻȻ˻

صĺϣĴֿҧ
һ˿䶼Ź

¾ΪҪҲȷֺǵףĴ걻ڿУһһ.¿.ҧ
ֹЩǿᣬȴַ·ϸ΢

֪˶ã¾ż̧ɫε

Թ㡣

¾Щͷá

Ҷ˵һ䡣

ʵϣ¾ڽ˻ʹ󶼻ŴȾϵĿ֬
¾ʱûᣬΪŵЩԣˣʱͲܽʹˡ
ϸ룬ŻǸᣬϵĿ֬ȥ

ȥһˣϻմȾſ֬˭ܲµô¡
ԽðԽࡣ

ţĽѣˣϵĿ֬ûˣҪ´ϣ

ҸƫƧĽϡ

¾ˡ

ŵľٶǵҪŪϵĿ֬
Ȼ֪ΪҪŪϵĿ֬Ȼˣ˳ɡ

ʺ磬ʱʹйˣҲдӹĳ

¾û̫ܣʱŷΧвˡ
ѳĸˣҲδŮ
棬Ц⡣
ģƺ໥ʶ

д඼ע¾ΪòϾ빬ҪΪʲôղƽ׶һòŮӣ˭һЩ
ڿ¾˵װ󣬶˿
Ů̫ڶĿˣδо

֪Ѿ˺󣬱㶼²⣬λԱϵķˡ

ʺ簲ͤԷսй˽Ӧ

ˣ롣·ĹŮ

¾ףȥ

¾ߺ˽

˭ʶŮӣ

Щ

ڳ˶ע¾ȥıӰȻɻͺ棬ʱѾ˹ˣЩ㲻ö˵
ֻĵװ²⣬˭
ܳϯʺ磬һԱķˡ
ټһ¸װ¼ҵײס
ͨ͸ݾ£ѳޣʱڳ˵

ʹܴ¾˺ܾöĿĵء
һ·¾ҲͻʹĽҲζ

·һʮ·ڣ¾ͻȻϳ˺סˡ

ˣ

¾һ٣˳Դ˹ȥ

һŮӡ

¾ͣ˲ӣŮɫ߽

ˣ̫ҽԺԺʹŮƊܺһҡ·ˡ

˵棬ŮЩɬ

¾ֻһѾߣѾƺһԺģҲֲ嶫

빬Ĺأ¾ѯʡ

ƊЩεǸˡ

ˣ

ɡ

ԣ¾ףһ߰ɡ

лл㡣Ɗϲ⣬˺þöˣΪ˾ˡ

˻¾Ĳ΢٣ջʺ磬û˾ġ

Ɗ¾ԣǰ·Ѿ߸

ˣĸϵ𣿡

պźõŸл

¾


ﻹĸ

Ɗ֪뵽ʲôɴ󣬾㡭㡭ǰǸȥŮӣ

                        
лҪ˵Ɗ͸һ£ıǶ롣
ԥĹˣ˵ʵŰԥСɰ˭ҿɰ̯֣
Сڴflag쿪ʼûÿ1

26

ҽͻһڵʱҲǷҾǡ
ǰʮƊ֪
ߵĺܶСö̸۴¡

Ͻһ, й, Ӣţʮǰһս, Ͻս

ĶǵϽá

ʮǰϽʱ, ˶ΪҪӴ˥ܣϾҲʣһʮġ
Ͻķ, 񶨹ĸ, ﵹûжٴԣݶ֪
˵ǵϽƽʱŮӣձ, ûܵȵϽؾ, 

ɲϽ󣬲Ҳ飬ʤսƽ㱻ط⽫š
ǲһƷ

ǰĴͻ֮Ի˴۾Ϊ˵ݡ
ҽгɣϽ˶ΪδĽǳ塣
ϾһƷԺѧʿŮ
ǻּͻ顣

ڵҽͻ󣬾в˶޸ҽŮӺ档
Ůˡ
еǼ, еǵĺ档

粨֮ƽΪҽ»պȥս
Ϊˣ˵ļҲ֮Ϩ
Ͼ, ҽȻ»պȥսǲϲ

ȥˣ˸Ѿһɶ
ʱƊû뵽ǰŮӱǴ˵мȥĽˡ

Ɗ񲻼ε¾ϣգһգۡ
룬紫ԣҽǲϲȢ˲ȥս۾Ϲˣֻ񲻺á
ƊбǰŮӸˡ

¾֪ƊڿʲôĪ¾ǼĶˣҲ⣬ֻǿ߰ɡ

Ɗͷá

˵գ¾Ĳӡ

·û߶ã㵽
·ĹŮͣˣС㣬ȥֱ߼ɡ

¾ףŮתȥ

ܴ󣬻ʺͤԷڡ
Ǿֱֱߣû߶ãѾŮӽ̸
ٹһתǣĿˡ

һ¶ĳأܿڷ˲ٰ
ʻŭţصܽʢŵ̺ʻˡ
ʱѹδʱ˲ٵˣվһ̸Ц

¾һԵƊȥǱߡ

һ䡣

¾ȷˣƊֻһˡ

áȥĶν

߽ȥ֮Χٵĸ˺Ůӿǡ
ͷŸսʹʱЩ˺Ůӵһ
Ŵͼɵ
ڿ¾˵װҲ˿

ڿأƊս¾ߵȻĽ㳤

ƊһЩļʺĽðˡ
Щ˵ĿԽԽ⣬Ɗһ¾֣ߡ

ʱзڹ¾ĸˣֿ¾ЩԾԾԣҪǰ̸
ڿ˾ֱȥ󣬶Ϩ˼
Ϊܲûж̸

¾ͻȻûһȻɿ֣ȥǡ

Ɗ˸Χû˵ĵط

¾룬ﳤ鶯ɰҲһ㣬ͦÿʣСڡ

˳صıԵ¾ߵЩãЩۣɫЩˡ

Ɗôˣ
˼ۺƊǲǲ̫ðģ

¾ȻһԱУڿ¾еƊЦЦˣҵ̫ҽԺԺʹ

ȻϰҽЩҲĿȾ˲١

ҷʱƫ顣

ԣ¾ĸ⡣

ҵ˵ģӦöȥ߶Īš

⻰Ҳֻܸ˵˵ˣΪĹ˰ǿЩҩӣЩҩģҲţα겻α
ɱϾﶼЩˣֻʺҩʺЩķӡ

л

¾ҽҲô˵
ֻû뵽ǰŮӾȻĶҽ

лʲôƊһȥҵΪһǿҩţֻҪҽò˼Ӿġ

¾һ㶣ܣϱһϸƳϡ

ݵ

£¾Ɗһվڳһ밲

μ

ɡ

ɤţʮ͡

ǻʺ磬һǱףصģͲضˡ

¾ɲ֪ΪΣܾһĿϡ
̧ϵЦӡ
¾΢㶣ı棬ɵʱӵʶ
ϸһ룬һҪ֪ʲôӣҲѡ

¾΢Ц

ƺҲǿһۣܿջۡ

ȥλš

糡غ󣬳԰˲١
ܿ죬Щ˺Ůǰ̸

һԵƊ̲ɵķˣǵıĸ

ˡ
ֲøǰ̸

£ŮӵĽ˳
Ҳ֪˵ʲôŮЩߣ

Ц٩ˡ

һĻڳۺ졣ۺǾȻ̸
Ϊˣ˿ʼ£

Ҳƺʮͣȫ̶̸Ц̡

¾ջۣ˷⣬ֻƊķӦ
һܣʱҲûǰ취ӮĹע
ƺǵϯʺ硣

¾㣬

֪䣬ƊѾ˳ƺ

˵Ǹ㡣

ԣ¾˳һ飬Ȼ븮ʱţʱȴʺˣƱ㲻ôԶˣʱŻܳԵͳԵɡ

ó𣿡

¾ͷЦܺóԡ

룬Ɗһ۱ܵ͵˵ĸ̲ɵķˣҲŮӡ
᲻֪빬Ŀġ

뵽¾Ɗⳡļ򵥶ˡ

¾˳Ļ룬ʺ綨磬磬ƱӼ

Ɗ֪뵽ʲôͻȻսСҿʼΪܿأ

ϸ룬ӦǼˡƊЩź

ճϯвδŮӣӦöҪӣϯ

ΪʲôҪӣ
¾Щ⣬ƊϲӣǴʱΪβǰȥֵĻġ

ƊĴ˵ӵĳʮֿ
˵ƊЩźϧһûм

ɵ¾סˡ

״Ɗ⣬¾㣬ѵҪһ𣿡

ߵСǿǶǳҪһأ

£û¾ӦƊ˵ģ¾뿴ò֮ˣ쿴Լ㹻ˣǲ뿴ԸǿҽҲˡ

ֲǡ

ҽʱƊһҽϵӣҲǿ˫
ǲҶ࿴һ۱ƊëȻʱ뻹Щļ¡
뵽Ɗֶ࿴˼¾˼塣

ⷬ˵ļȻްŮӵɬǽò
¾ȻʧЦ
ͦȤСܿĺܺá

֪˶ãһͻ˰

ʺݵ

һæǹȥ

¾Ҳȥ

ʺųʱ˲٣Ĺ˱ʮ˸Ž⣬ȹš
߽˺󣬶·ڣֻǸ˼Żʺһȥλ

ãһ
񡣡

º͵ȴҲ͸ϡ



ʺվλԵĹŮһ飬ɫЦȴݺӡ

øλõˣɡ

ʱʼ

ŸĵҲɵֳ˸ͲˮȷŶ˲٣ǸˮϡȻʱ˭Ҳû˼Ը㡣
עλļϡ

¾Զ֪ʲôоͦгġ

֪˶ãͻȻͣһŮ˳ɤᣬǳŮ׳ˡ

û¾ӦƊսС˸Ů

                        
лҪ˵ѾǼˣǸߣ






ٺٺٺ٣ֻܱˡ

27

¾, Сﵹ˭ʶ
ص˵ͷ, Ӧ

ỺĵŮһϮɫȹ, 裬ŵѶ衣ӯ, ط㡣
ǵĳһת, ͻȻ, ŮӵĶεŵأڿз
, 

һ, ŮӹڵϣŮףʺ念̩˳ġ

£ȫ

ʺЦ˾ףãˡ

˸ӭϣ˷ĿԷŵһ赸޲ڡ

ǽ̳˸Ů

ʺ˵⻰ʱһԵĵ, ЦӭʺԼǣʮ깦ףġ

ڵϵŮ΢, ǴЦ

ŮһӮûʺ̾ڳĲŮۣҲԾԾԡ
٣һˣǿء
Զֻ뷨跨ĵʺע

Ůǵĸֲսϡ
񣬵Ƿ˼׼񣬼˻ʺۡ
Ǣг

ƊЩ棬ս¾㣬׼ʲô񣿡

ʱǰΪʺĶЩδŮӣĿԶ׼
ǲʺĹעҲشʱǰʺչʾҲɴɻʺ֡

Ɗѯʣ¾Ӧɲ֪ǲƊ쿪⣬Ļ£ʺ㴫˳

ķ𣿡

ԣƊɫ𾪣Сŵ߯ƺҲû뵽Լʵǡʱ

¾ֻܻؿƊһ۱վ񣬡ʺڡ

˵Ŀ⿴¾վͫһĵײԼͬţԭ

ʺʮͣǰơ

ȻƵǳ
ò˵˶Ϸĸ֡

¾ǰ񣬡μʺ

ʺЦ񡣡

¾վ

ʺĿ¾ϣ֪˶ã˲Żʺﻺԥڱǰ߶˵ҽȢ˸һ˶һɫ

ɲǣ檵һۼʱҲǿֱۡ

ԣʺ˵ѯʣ𣿵úʱˣ

Ŀ¾ϣ棬ЦɲǷš
գǵ٩˵ǽ˻ʺĹء

ʺ͵ַ¾òڳٵŮҧ
ŮˣԼģѣҲĵװȽϰˣǱ˵ѹסˡ

ǲ֪Ϊʺ׼ʲô񣿡
Ůӳס˳

Ļ£㱻Եĸʱǻʺ͵˵ֵڡ
æվСŮçײˣʺˡ

ʺͣʾ⸾¡
£Ǳٳ񣬿á

˵գʺĿ¾ϡ

Ůӽ˳ʱʺֿ˼˳ŷŮӵĻˡ

¾̧Ц⡣

£Ľ㽫̳¾ֽ̧ӹϣףʺ⣬˳ġ

Ȼ󣬲ʺʲôû
ͻʺǿ˶˼
ûл˼Ҳ˵㡣

ʺԵǰӹ¾ʱ֡

Ȥ⹬ﶼ֪ʺϲղ⣬ǱͶá

ԣڳ˾㵡

ʺҲûΣЦ񱾹ϲ
˵գк֣ùơ

תʺ⡣

ͻȻ̫ͨ

ӵ

ȣæǸ

¾һԲ

ܿ죬һɼӹԶһӵ

ĸ밲

ɤƫЦ⣬ζ

ʺҲЩ⣬ôˣ

ĸٳȱϯ

⻰ûʺϲЦտЦһ֪

ĸĪ֣ߡ

˵գӱ
һֻ

˽ֻ򿪣ֻдĸɷĴ֡顣

ֻǶ½󣬻ĸϲ

ʺϲʦֻҲˡ
ӵġ

ʺԣæкŹ˽ֻýϸϸĦ
һ̧ǳ֡

ЦӹһƬТġ

˽ֻ£ֻΪʺﻹ⡣

Ŀϣѯʣ˭͵񣿡

˵⻰ʱѾע⵽һԵ¾
ŮӴͷϸĲ׵÷⣬ᷢ΢ţȻݣȴǰһ

ǽˡһԵֻӦ

֪ΪΣֵĻ£¾ܸоϵǵĿ䡣

֪˶ã¾ڣɤζ

Ǻ񡣡

ʺӦȷǺ񡣡

ܿջۣʺ̸˼䣬Ƕˡ

˵вδŮӣ˱ͲףΪʺ٣Ҳ޿ɺǡ
ȴǷס

ȥɡ

תȥ֮ʣ¾۵׳ֵһĨ°ڣɫǶŽߣ⣬һа֮⡣

ߺ󣬻ʺ¾ֵԵпգ㳣㱾ⷦ

¾׵ǡ



뷽ŴͬС죬ںʺģҲȤ
Ɗͦϲĸ㣬˲١
һֱ¾ûͣ졣
ֱʺ͵ϯ¾Ɗһȥ

·ϣ¾Ɗ̾Ϣʹĸóԡ

¾ЦЦﵹĴ

иڻ¾ͣ˲ӡ
ȻһӭЦ߽
ûǸ˿˵һ

СɩӡɤԺϲ

СɩӣƊظڻ˭

ôţһ˴ǰ

Сɩӣ㣿

ԥһ˵һߴ¾ԵƊɨ

ˣ¾񣬡ԥ

ԣƊգգۣҲ

ˡԥЦЦѯʣСɩӣôڻʹ

ɻû¾ӦԥԸȻ򣬡㶨ȻϯɩԲԣ

ʱҲΪ˻ɩٳ

¾ԥҪ£

û°ԥӦȻˡ

˵껰ԥƺſΧܵˣüãôߣ

ЩЩΣŻͽϼ䣬Ͼԥˡ
ʱԥĻҲֻˡ

Ƕ˺ԥֿ¾Ǿδ棬ԥʱ鼫ˡ
ȫ̶ԥԴ𣬻ִ˲ƣ

ԥĿ⼸ƊϣûаŮ֮˼¾ƽȻԥ£Ҿȸˡ

˵գŻЩʧƊƹԥ

ԥڸ˰£ų
빬ҲΪ˻ʺٳ
ʱ¾ȥԥܾʲô¶ˣһʱȴ벻
ֱԥѾ˺¡
˸Сɩӣڹˡ

һ·¾ɿƊ֡
ʱѵ˹ſڡ
ƊҲ֪ʲôһֱͷĬ
ֱ˹¾ѯʣ˾ԥ𣿡

¾ĲӶ˶٣Ӧǡ

Ĵԣԥԣɫҷŵûá

ԥĳ൹ǸƫƫӣݰףһҼ˶øС

¾ĬĬԥļŮˣòŵ˲òࡣ

ԣƊףǵҲǡ

ϾѨ磬δ

ڹ⣬¾һۺѯʣ

ŶСƊָָǡ

ԣ¾ȸˡ

Ɗͷ¾תᲽȴͻȻҿ𣿡

¾Ĳһ٣ƺԥ
Ҳûһ¾ԡ

ԣƊЦˡ
ʵʱ˵˻š
빬ĹȷǸˣʱҲ˲ٵˡ
ûЩˡ

֮Իỽס¾ƊԸҲ֪ΪΣһȱˣƊ룬Ϊ
ദƊ֣ԭ˵û
˺ҪԵġ
Ɗһ۱¾ദ󣬸ϲ

ʱڵõĻӦƊҲϲ
Ҳ˵ˣ֪ˣһҪץΡ



¾
˸һ㱻һ˫ϯȥ
Ļ¾ŻȻ֮ǰ˵Ҫ

˭

ɤڶ

¾ڻʱ˵˭ϸ˼󣬲ŵ̫ҽԺԺʹŮƊ

ϣ˫ϣܽ¾Щ





Ӧ¾ԥҷų˺ܶ㡣

ٽһҪˡ

仰֮¾

Ҳȷˣɿôһ
Ȼ࣬¾ˡ
ʣǷ˺ܾã

Ͼʱոպãһˡ
ӣҲǸյ

δӦǵѯʣǷʲô

ʻʹ
ԣ¾ŷƊģʶܿԥĻ⣬ԵԺǷҡ

ͬˡ

²ϲŭ¾ûͷ

Ҳܲͬ⡣

ϣ¾Ļ£оڼϵͷ̧
ͻȻתӣɤһĵͳ޲
ɾˣ¾ﰵĲá

˵Ҳͬ⡣

                        
лҪ˵ڹ̳ʱǶ˵ﱣ֤򣬾һ
ڴš
ҷˡ
ԭ
˺˵Ĳκεط
л죬лأлԼ

28

⵹¾㵡
ѾܿƊĵĹԥĻ⡣

ѾӦƊ, ʱҲȥܾ
¾Ĭһ˲, ڣ, Ɗ

Ɗָյڣ㱻üˡ

㲻ĵɤܾ, ѹΣա
˵ָĺĦɫް, ǴӦҪ˱־롣

Ȼɫκ, ¾ʱǻΣգǰദôˡ
ֻû뵽лŮӡ

¾, ʱִҪƊ, ӣƊ˽Ҳѵ
ȴѾӦƊˣʱԼ׵

ﰲ

Ҳƺƽ
ֻϵѹԽԽ͡

ãؼʱ¾ſڵƊ̫ҽԺԺʹŮӲʣ

¾뵽Ɗ֮ǰڻʹ˵ĻôΪڡ
ɲ, ǵһϯͷ

Ӳʣ

˵ü壬ɤĽš

, ¾㱻ڿձ
ţƾֱֻ̧߱
ȫȫѹֱֻϣȴ޸о˫ؼ顣

¾Щ⣬Сڣ

Ҳûãƺûзˣֽ
ţ˫ֱ̧Ŵһһؼɫ

¾еĺ£æû¡

ֻǷȥߵЩ۰ˡ

ϣ

¾ֵġ

Щ⣬ʱϣԽԽȡ
¾̧˫֣ϣһظû¡

һͼ֡

˼û¡ڼɿ֡
¾˿żƊӿ˵ΪҿһҩţȼֻҪҽ輸꣬ӱá

¾֪˵

Ի£¾Ɗ𣿡

¾̧ɫƺ˸Žš

ã¾żͻȻ̧֣ĺϣѹڻ

˵

ԣ¾˿

Ҳ֪ʲôɫĺţ֪˶ã¾ͻȻԺûҲ׼

¾һ㶣̲ס̧

˴ֳ

¾̱ĻԹԻӦá

ĵȴţ취ġ
ȻҲǺǷǳɣֻҪϲзӳȥ
ǲϲˣ͸ס

ʵЩˣŵĻҲû¾˼
ֱ˽¾ҲԹԲ
˵밲¾ȻϰΪид·˱Ҳͦõġ
ٲۡ



ҹ

ùţ¾ԡɫŵش˽

ôˣ

¾ɢʪҹﺮأڻƵ£ҲܿŮɫļֲ԰ס

߽ŵˣǲˣ

¾һ㶣ҡͷӦûС

ԣǾͺá

ԡʱϲԣûܸŽȥ
ֻǷ߷ѾͻȻ˵ڷ˵ϷᵭѪ
˽մǵɫȹСѪǳϸ鿴濴

ü¾ѯʣô£

򴽣Ѿ߻һһ֪

֪ԭί¾˼
ã뵽ʲô̧ѯʣ֪Ѫʲôλã

룬

ԣ¾㵣ĿɨһȦûҵʱ뵽ˡ
¾ѯʣأ

뾻ԡʱ

Ӧųȥˡ
ֻ֪ųӣȥ˽Ͳö֪

ȥҡ

Եͷ

ת˳ȥ¾ֶѾߵҲһȥѰ

Ѿת˳ȥ

¾Ჽױ̨ǰ
ӴľˣһƊ
ѪմȾڱ󣬲ܻƊ
ԼҲûˡ
Ǳֻˡ

ûã¾ſڴĶ
ȥġ

ϵѾˣǷ¾뾻ԡʱһ

Ҳתߣ˹

ֻ¾ֱ˹ȥǰվֱԣˡ

⻰ƶ

¾ǣΣӦҲʮֵȻ侲

˵

ĴҲ֪ʲôüһ˿ͻȻȥһԵļȡ硣
ΪųѾأ

¾ӦѾ˽

δѰҲ˸ϵˣ˵֪ϾȻһ߽ӱ㿴ˡ
ŵæǹȥΡΡص

ԣ¾ЩѾߣͬʱҲ

ȥ췣

Ĳδɤȴ͸ɭ䡣

⻰˾⣬¾

Ѿǲ˲Ӧǡ

˵գͼȥ

¾ʱӦŸոԡʪδɣҲֻһ
ȻǼⷬΪЩѾźܣΪ˳ͽ䡣
ЩѾѾˣ¾æš

ЩѾߵĲͣ

״¾̧͵ȥѰ㡣

Ѿ˵ϷѪҵˣԲǶȥѰ㡣

ŵȷЩˣûԼ
Ϊ룬˺ȻǻȴѪģΪ·ϱ˾µġ
Ǿ

ĴãͻȻ̧û¡

¾˿

ϣһ仰ǵȥ췣

ɤ˲Į

ЩѾβҵˣæ˳ȥ

״¾ü

Ҳֻһ֪ýʲô
¾֪ѾǲӦñ
ֻ¾ڳ˼ʱȴͻȻ

ŵ¾һģϲأôڱ

Ҳû·ױ̨ǰ
ڽʪ档

¾ȻƣȴҲЩѾߡ
һʱ֮û˵

֪˶ãʪ˺¾ڱŷڴʱͻȻסԲЩѾ𣿡

ĴﲻЩѾߡ

ĵĶһ٣˴ϡ

¾ͷصȴĴ𸴡
ʵ¾Ѿջطŵ
Ϊ֪ϲ¾ϲϧ֮ʱᳵ·
ֻҪһһͻ˲

ɲ룬ʱȻӦС

¾һ㶣оȣͬʱҲ˼ַơ
İԵǿƵķơ

ЩѾȥѰ㡣

¾Ϊˣһʱ鼱ŷԸѾǶȥѰ
Ϊô˵һ档

ϣĮǸΪȡ

ôɿڷЩѾߡ
ɷµ
¾üЩǿӲҲЩŭҪ˵ǷҵĴ

Ĵ÷ЩѾߣ÷
¾һţЩŭ

ĴƲϲִΪЩѾ߿ѣɫ

ǡ

¾ҧ׵촽ҧѪӡ
ıѿɫˣͻȻֿ̧֣촥Ĵʱȴ˻

¾ͻȻҧĴϣԸҧĴˣҲĵۡ

֪˶ã¾Ҫʱżɿ̧뿴ˡ

Ҳ˭˭

˵̬ǿӲԵɣɤ͸šĸ֣һһصֻں㡣

                        
лҪ˵ȻİѾѣ·һԤһ¡
ĵǿơԵԴסСЩƫִռǿɧڻʼɧܲܵģ뼰ʱֹ
ô˵ɣʵôˣԺܲܶСҲ֪
ٺٺٺ٣ҺϲŮᣬģϧպá

29

ʱ¾Щ¡
ڿ۵׽ִ, ¾һʶ, ϲжء
ж࡭ƫִ

¾ٽӴˣǰĸټϽdڵԵ, һֱ˵ϲΪ⡣
Щϲ޷ǾЩˮ£λӰ, һƣ档
֪ϲ, ¾Ҳһֱû, ţ˺˺, ˡ

ɴʱĻ, ¾һֱ뷨˴󵨵Ĳ²⣬룬ϲĻҪãҪ
ǧɴʱɤӾͺƱסˣܣһ仰˵

ﲻѾû¾Ҳ󳳴֡
һ, Ϊ¾ᳳҲ֣ʮƽֵһֹ, ӱܡΪûʲôҪ
Ϊ¾֪ݳصϲ
ΪΰԵǿƲףɴĽǶ˵Ϊ

Ҫ˵ǶĴ

¾ԽԽᣬԽԽܣҪͣغѡ
ͬʱҲӱȺһؽ

¾֪ʱӱܻŭãЩѾߵĳͷء
ʱӦһ㣬ͷؿ׽һ档

¾֪ΪΣʱܸܵӱߺϵϢԽԽ䣬ҲԽԽֲ

¾ΪŭˣʱϢȴͻȻ


ڻϢذ

¾ͷȵ.ţͬʱĺҲܵĴһûһµĸľ˳ıʮֻ

˵ˣ˯ɡ

ʱѾ¾ƽʱ˯ʱ䡣
¾ϢֵĺܺãΪӲãԸעԵģϢҲ²䡣
ֻҪһƽʱϢȻҲ⡣
ɽΪ˼̫أֻΪϢ̫ˣӿϢ˯⡣

Ҳ˵һֱš
صԴԴϵشů⣬ϵ⣬¾⣬־ůġ

µգ򾲾ȼա

¾֪˶ãǰʱһʱ
ֻǸá
ֱ¾˯ˣһֱû˵

¾Ҳɫֻ֪һֱĺḧǰбζ

ֱûʶ



ڶ¾û
صԴֻԼĽŲ
һϤҽС

ȻůɷƽʱһҪעⱣůм̰

ô̰

ⷽӿȥץҩһΣ˽ÿ

ǡ

ǽ

˵ʲô¾ˣʶҲ֧ŲסƤֳֻ˯˹ȥ

;¾ƺоﱻҩ
Ϥζ¾޲ʣԹԵʡ
ʶǲˣֻܹԹԺҩӲܿ
ֻǻⲻ˱Ǻţ¾ʶؿԡ

ţ¾ƺоһ˫ȵĴָĺ󱳣š
ģ¾ƽϢ
ЩģۣȴҲֻܿ˺ڶ
ʱſϡ
ʶһ¾˯ˡ

ҽ˵ĴŽ¾ûѡ
ֱڶ磬¾ѹ

һۣᵽŨҩζ
ʶ󣬽ɤӵ⡣
¾ֻƽڴϲͣؿԣЩܣȵðỨ
ʱŸܵӵÿһοԣҪİ
Խﲻͣطӿܼˡ

ߴҵĽŲ
һ˫ǽڷĴִ¾ǰιţ¾㱻
ſϣ󱳱š

֪˶ã¾Ÿо΢̹һЩ
Ҳͣ

ͣˣӣĴְŻ˴ϡ

¾ܿˡ
۱ޱɫ
ڵ˫͸¶Ũ˺һƬء

ܿ죬ڶߺ۵׵ѹ¡
һˮһԲĺࡣ

¾ȷǿˣ˼ʲôûʱֻܲͣιˮǸȪ

ֱһ¶ǣڿˣҪ

¾ҡͷȻʣˮǿġ
¾ܽܺȱˮһٱҩΪϰΪʱԴİˮȴܲˡ
¾֪ΪˣԺǿġ

ȴǿһۺ󣬱ֵһˮ
뷽һʲô˵ࡣ

Ķùݣ¾ȴܸպýܱеˮڵٶȣһβ©

ֺһ
ˣ˱ӡ

¾ǺˮֱιС˯˹ȥ

ֱڶʱ
¾ȫѹ
ʱֻнԡ

ڿ¾󣬽æ߽ЩСĻˡ

ֻߣȴֵڵĵǡ
һη˵ĲڣѽŲˡ

¾һ۽ղڣɤָɣɳƵ

áæᲽ߽¾

¾
ʱظܵӵ
ֻܽŴš

أ

¾ʶ糿ιҩʱģģۼˡ

Ӧټ빬ˡ

ԣ¾ͷ
Щؿš

ֱߴϸСĳҭ¾Ż
С¾ʱӺܾġ
¾ǰվţ졣
ֻۿȴͨ졣
ϸСĳҭС¡

¾ŷֻ֣۾׵ıȺһ
СﲻۿСҲǺģǼҲͨ졣
ͦۡ

¾Цʲô

Լɴʱֳ󣬱һʰˡ
߽͵ع¾Ĵǰŵū澲á

¾

ū⣬÷˺˴
ɤʣˣͷū澰ɣݺݵسͷū澣Ǳū澣ū澳ϸĵѾź

¾һͬ󣬿֮ǰڽֱ֡
ܹʳȵӣҲܹ˱̤ӣǷ˵ɥȪ
Ȼ˵Ӷչ˲á

֪ӹ΢һȾ纮
Ȼ˴⡣
Ƿ˷ԸȥѰӦʱע˵ڿ˵ʪͽһϮ˳ȥ
ʲôܲˡ

ڷ˴󲡻˯⼸ÿն׷Īں޽ӣǷΪи̣Ŀ

¾Źڴǰ޵ǸһĽ̾Ϲ˵Щʲô

磬Ѿĸõıǽ
ڹŴû̫֮ڽѾǳԽ͵ˡ

ǽá

ԼҲʹ⣬ֲý

ŵˣǲͷū澣ū澾͹ز𡣡

ģһδεʧ𱰣ԽԽ⡣
²ٷڶΡ

ִţ¾ֻ̾ܵѾͷ𣿡

ԣҡͷҭûû

ýβѵġ
ǵȷҪͷӡ
ɰӻûʼ򣬳¹ܼұˣ˵ǽԸǲñˡ

                        
лҪ˵⣬СܽӦûܳһ
ûΪܻҹ
ˣСһֱʣ֮ǰ˵ԵıǶյûյԸңһϵĻᣬٺٺٺ١

30

汻ͷ, Ǵ, ҲôΣôܡ
ΪǶûб, ⼸տŷڴϱʹĥʹͣ, βѡ

˽Ļ¾Щʧ
ֱɤЩ, ڿ˼, ¾Żૣԭû

Ϊ˵, Ӧ, ū澱Ҫӣɲ֪ΪΣûӣ¹ܼұˣ˵ǽū澲ܷˡ
£ˣͷū澰ɣôͷ, ū澾Թԡ

¾Ķƹ¾ʱĶǽеġû֡
ԭûз
֪ΪΣ¾һ, ⼸ջͷһʯͷҲȥ

Ժﻺ⼸ղ˻˯УÿԺܿӰ
ͻȻһɸӵĵ
¾ȥ̽ȥãŲŽˡ

æǲһᣬٷ
ֻܿۿ¾ǺЦ
ֻ˳ͷղͷ

һ㶣ˡ

ʲôͷ

˵ˡ¾˵ǲǻҪԼ

Ȼǡæū澵Ĵôܳͷˡ

Щż

¾ȻˣѾͷˣղͷˣͷ

ƺȰ⣬¾ظˣ

ˡСӦ

ˣɣҶˡ

ԣҲ˲ϳͷˣæԸš

ղúţڻбһЩ࣬ʱżʳζ¾ѵĶˡ

谾࣬Щذӡ
㣬ذǺܲڶģ¾ζպܺã

ǳǳغ˰ֳ࣬ذӺ¾ˡ

󲡺Ų˹ҲȰʣµʳͲ;ȥ

¾ڴϣҲ֪ʲô
ڴ˼죬ʱҲɻشϡ
ôҲʵ£¾ֻܶŴСһһжٶ䡣

֪˶ã߽һСˣӦīԺġ
С밲һˣǽԸū飬˵ⷦ

ڷȥѰ˽˽
ʱܳظǽߵإ緽ŴҴһظԸⱾӽ鷿ȥԺ˽ⷦ

¾ȥС֮ǰĵ鷿￴ġҰ촫

л
ʱ¿

С˽Ұ촫˳ȥ

¾ӹ飬ȷֲĹ¸Ȥ
Ϊǰ̫ģ׷̼ܰЩֲ飬ΪܴпǰҲĹ¡
ؼǣЩ£ظܵ
֮ǰ鷿Ȿʱ¾һֱţû뵽ǵá

ϼ˲ٴӴҰĹ£¾ԣʱظˣʱ߽˶֪

ֻ֪ſţܾһĿע̫ǿˣҲмϤУòתע
ȥڲԶһϮ£ֳظУټϲɢıϢмֻʬ䡣
¾ϰˣôһǻᱻš

¾ƫͷЩô

һ΢ĻϺ˻˹վ˹

¾һһ˹ͬʱеҲطϡ

ڴǰվ
֪ôվ˶ãſڵٻһ

¾΢΢񣬼룬ֻһ

ٻһ


ٻ


ٻ





֪ô˶ͻȻɫټˣֻ͵ظһҧĴϣЩ׺ݣڿһ⡣
ãɿ΢Ķϵˡ
£ֵٲˡ

ɤľٶ෴ֵƣǺ£

ҧʱ¾ʶץӲļۣʱ¾Ӧá

֪ڵظ

Ҳ֪ˣǵ¾Ļº󣬱о˿

һΣᣬ繡

¾ǵһμ
뷽ŲͬǾ¾Щ⡣
Ҳǳ죬ԽԽ졭ԽԽ졣
֪˶ã¾ͻȻۡ

Ȼͷˡ

ǰ¾ֻڵǣȴӲ֪ԭǻ
ŵ¾͵غ죬ݱҧϡ

ݼⴥ¾һ㶣ڵ˫¾æſ졣

ɿƵҧ

㶵ģֵ

¾ŵͷŶ

£ֿ

Ӧҧ¾һȴ졣

ãͻȻͣ˶ôĴϣǿƵ졣

¾ԣȴҲû졣

Σֻ壬ԣ졣

ˣһü

¾һ˲ɣô˻ᣬѸٹӵأϯκһ䡣
õ¾촽ʹɿ

˻ᣬ¾æǴ
ǴŴ¾㷢ԵͻȻĬˡ
ֻϵϢȴԽԽҡ

¾̧һĺ
̵ļ¡

¾ΪҪףæס죬ҸȾ˷纮㲻ҡ

һ˲ô졣
仰¾û˵ΪΪǾ
һԭһԭ¾ľ촽ʹ
ˡ

纮ƺЧ˲ѡ
ɾˣȴڡ

ҧߴ˻ϵֶüͣҲ˻

¾ͻȻ˼ҳȥһˡ

˵գתߡ

Ӱһͦο񣬲Ҳʮֳȣɲ֪ģ¾ܾʱЩǱ
˲䣬¾һ¡

ˡ

ͣ˲ӣ¾żû°ɣ

ûͷֻû¡

˵գᲽ

״¾ֵ

ͣ˲ӡ

¾л

û˵ҲûͷᲽˡ

ֶл¾Ҳ֪лʲô
лûгͷЩѾߣֿл⼸ղ߲ݵչˣпܡǹʱڿⱾ顣
л

Ҵææˣ¾ЩɻܾʱЩ֡
ȴҲ֪ġ

ѵףˡ
¾˽⣬ǲˣûӦ

Ӧǡ

¾ҡҡͷִȥеġҰ촫
֪˶ãֱϵһ˿ʹ¾æǻ˽Ĩҩࡣ

Ȼĵϴˡ

                        
лҪ˵ǶڴԲ˵ʵһûð
һҿȷŮ岻ҲǿԲģ
ڸ˶СܿȥԷˣгͷλС׽һ£Сܳ˷ġСˣ

31

η纮, ¾ڴա
һ, ѵѮ
ůֻ¾ҵĵůš

ʱ, ϵ˵̫ҽԺԺʹŮˡ

¾ʶһһԵ, ɴеƲû˵, ֻǲ⡣
״, ¾˿ڴ϶ŽԸ, ȥƊԺ

ǡ
תŷŽһͬ˳ȥ

¾֧˽, ʱûˡ
Ųġ

ϣû¾ڣվ
ŵ˫ҳȥˡ

¾գգۣæǵͷ

ԥصͷɫһͻȻҧ

¾ش
, ԹԵصͷ

ԣ˹, صЦ
ȵϢʱ鲻

̫ˡ

á

ֿһ¾תᲽ뿪

ߵĽŲԽԽԶֱıӰ۵ɢ¾˿
㿪ʼ뿪ʱ˵ĻǸ

̫ˡ



ܿƊҡ

ƊǵһΪ¾ҵȴ룬Ȼֱҡ
ǵڻʹ¾ԣƊЩԥǷҪȥ

һ߽ңƊżҩζܵȫȻͬů⡣

ʵ̫ͷҲ䣬ԳӣƊЩ⡣
ڿϵ¾ܿ챻תע
æ߽¾㣬ôˣ

Ѿ˼ˣ¾ɫ˲٣ֻҩζȴסƊ

¾

ŶŶƊŻڴԵĵ

¾Ӧ纮ˣ¡

ݱ˼գȻȾ˷纮
Ɗɫ˲٣üۼȴЩ̬ŵůȴɴź
ȥһ֣Ǳ
ƊﾪĶҽԲö˵ʲô
ֻ¾㣬һҩŵķӣҵģȥƽʱ˰շЩҩŷá

УƊʱҩţ
ƊĥûӣټƊδϸѧҽЩȴҲſ˲ҽ飬򵥵Ĺ۲첡˵״̬УŷĿҩŷӡ

״¾ʾҩŷߣŵл

¾ˡƊЩ˼Ҳûʲô

Ɗ¾ȥɷ磬ɼţƊûᣬԸϵȤ½

¾㣬˼ֻСӣǰգһֻСˣһ£һаֻء

ƊҲܾһֻһ̥ȻֻСӡ

ӣ¾Щ棬ûʵмӡ

״Ɗȣ¾û𣿡

¾ϸһ룬ҡҡͷ
ֻڵ

Ŷ

Ɗͷپ죬ŮûҲ
⼸ֻӻȥھ̤ʱġ
ȻҲûӡ

֪¾ûӣƊ˾²¾㣬Ҹ˵СӺܿɰģȫǰװ׵ëر

滹ڻر

СϲˣŶкܲ

¾Ɗ
ԽԽҲûʲôصĵطСˣ¾ҲԾ

ƊЩźһãǾÿЩСӣҾͻʶǺ⻹⡣
˵꣬ƊĬһ˲ͻȻ̧⡣

¾Ȼ룬Ų˵Сжɰж
ôʱ˵ȥˡ

Ɗڼ˵

¾㣬ܺóԵģһҪ춼׵֡

˵ף¾Ծ뵽ա

¾ϵĺһ֣ƊЩɣ¾㣬Ǿ𣿡

Ɗѯʣ¾ԽΣֻ˳

ԣƊԲյů

¾㣬ʱѾ̫ˣůܲվͲգǾˣԶഩһЩֻǳȥߣɹɹ̫

һֱůӻԽԽģûҪĵֿ䡣
ƊʵŸսʱ˵ˡ

¾Ȼ֪Щֻҽ˵ˣҪעⱣůԽǲһֱŵů
պã¶ȺʣҲһֱûᡣ

ʱƊĻ¾Խȥɡ

Щԥ

¾ֵҾЩȡ

ԣת˳ȥԸ˲յůˡ

˵ԵƊһʼ˵СˣСੲݣļҾ¥ֻļҿջƲʲôһһ

¾ȷʵȤһ򲻺ÿڸ֮ʱƊ˵ȤζȻҲ˼ȥ뷨

ֱһ˵Ժʹˡ

Ɗ΢㶡

ƊϵһѾߡ

ѾߵС㣬ү˵Ҫ£ūȥ

Ҫ£Ɗæվ¾㣬´㰡

¾ͷ

ƊҴ˳ȥ

Ɗһȥ¾ջ۵һ˲䣬˽

ġ

ֱ߽Ĳҧҧ¾֪ˡ

ʲôʡ

¾룬ӡ

ɿ죬ʾ˵

¾ŻƊĻһһ֪



ߣƊѾһӽȥ
κ˸һ߳Ĵţײˡ

ƊͷԲ֪ײˣµźĳѥܲ³ӡ
״Ɗ΢΢˸һԲ
ŵ߹ȥ

ϣȴû˳Ɗ˼ͷһϲ
ף㲻ǸǸǱռġ

Ǹ˭
˭

ԳƣƊͷû̧㹪밲ԥ

ǣֻԥһλү
ҲԥԳƱ

ԥʵ죬˵ȴֲ֪
ôŮë׵ͷԥ˼˰ζ벻ѯʣ

ʱվڽĴſڡ
̣˽̸ʱת븮򽫾ԥˡ

ƊӦ¾㡣

ԣԥ˲Ȼ򣬡ˡ

ڻʹСɩԵŮˣ

Ɗʮ꣬ûĸ˳ΪŮˣʱΪŮ˵Ļӡ
ԣƊ΢ȴǵǡ

ԥĽǶȿȥպܿŮ˵С˲˺
Զ׼ٶȣۿɼ
ԥЩ棬ߣδĸŮô˵仰ܺ

ãԥգգۣ룬ѲΪӢΣԽô˵仰̲ס

ԥԽԽô£ϾԸòš

ŮǰرŮǰһģܺá
ԥͻȻһѴеȣڼţɤ˼󣬡̧ͷƱ

Ʊ
ñơ

ԥѾǰŮ˶ΪһĬĬ˼ĽŮˡ
Ͼô˼ĽŮԽԽ
˵ˣһϧˣرǶˡ
һ˼ĽˣǲҪ࿴۵Ը

ԥЦݡ

Ɗ÷㶣ã˳Ļ̧ͷ

Ŀԣԥȱ峺鶯˫
˲䣬ȵȶͣ

Ɗֵͷ

һԵѾ߿żԥڵϷǼС㣬ȴʲô˵

ʱƊȴٵŮǡ

˵գԥӦƹˡ

ƊȻò֮ˣҲֻ͵
񷽲ǰĿŵؿƊЩңͬʱҲܿ죬ڿò֮˵Ӧ

ĴҴңԥ㶣˳ȥӰŮӽݵıӰ
̬ȣˣļ¶˼ŮҵĽ̬⡣
ϵЩŮ˶̫һ

ԽԽԶԥЩջۡ
˵СɩӲˣҪȥ̽Сɩء
ͬʱֺȱơ
ΪˣѾöȾˡ

˰ʹԥˡ

ֻƊû߶ԶͻȻ˵ǽ̡

ԥ£˵˷纮δδԥ˲Ͳԥˡ

ƊĲһ٣ԥǱˣ

ԥܻĴҲһˣʲôɽﻹи͵͵˼ĽŮˣʱ⣬ûӣ
οŮҲŴӽΪãã

ԥÿǿ׳ĺܣ¸Ⱦ˷纮

Ůƺͣ˲ӣԥæǴߴ٣㡣

治ɫֻҲΪԥ룬ԥҪΪūš

ƨ
ÿл˵

Ůͣ˲ӣԥָһıӰΪãã

Ϊԥ̵ĻӦκԥ

£ԥŮӵĽЦЦԥ׾˲Ǻ졣

                        
лҪ˵⣬ӦҲж
Сܲȷʱ䣬ܻҹ

32

ƊڲԼЦ˳æᲽˡ
Ƶġ
ԥĵЦκͲɢ
ֻǵСһӴܶȥıӰ, ӡ

ԥһϲ޵Ů, ش̣, ûҪŵĿڴϲˬ
ɽռŮ, ҲĪؾмֿɰ

ȥʱıӰһ, òɢ, ԥʼµĻ棬ǽӵɤ, ԥ㿪ʼȡ

͵, ԥ
ĴһԼԴʲô
ǼһŮ˰ˣǸûŮˣϵЩŮˣ￴ûȻ˰ѳֲס
òŮˡ
ԥϹҲһֱûҹŮˣΪ󲻼ѣˬ

, ԥֻͷŽ̡
ӲԵ̬ȣ⸮ۡˡ
ԥ˼ɪ, ǽһ̱ۡͬ


ͻȻǼھӪԥԵЦЦ򶨣ȻˣǱȸˣ̽Сɩӡ

˵գתᲽ

ĵȴңҺûģǼˣһȥָǰ˵Щʲô˵Ľ飬ֶĵӳ̶ȣҪ
òʧòʧ
ƺòײãûúңôֽȥˡ

ôһ룬ԥᲽȥ˰ٻ¥
ӡ

ƊΪġҪ¡֣ٵػ˸ϡ
ɻ˸ȴͲڸϡ

Ɗһʣ֪ԭ̫ҽԺ
ôҴҵظΪ˺£

ҵ˵ʲôҪ£

ܼҵү˵Ժɹҩˣ˲ģСظˡ

Ɗ

ʵϣԶ̫ҽԺԶѹͲ֪Ɗȥ˽Ҳ֪Ɗ֮ǰҩŷΪ˶ķˡ
֪Ȼϸҩ䲻á

ƊĸԶҲû̫򣬶ƊҲɢ̬ȡ
ټǬԪδŮҲǿԳ
ԣֻҪƊ̫飬Զϲܡ
ϾŮȥʶʶҲͦãӻã彡

֪Ɗȥһ˻ʹȻͽ˽ˡ
ջȥ˽

ԶҲ֪ǸþǸǣĲѡҪĴˣƣĺµûţοƊ
Ɗȥ˽Ĳ죬̫ҽԺԺʹܻס

Զ֪֮Ɗȥ˽Ҳǽ̫ҽԺ¸֪

إĻ࣬仰˼ȥƊظһƊ֪ǽ˽ظġ
ֵֹΪԶȻⲻˣƊ뿪Ը⡣
Ɗֻϣһƽ֣ǡ

Ϊ̫ҽԺԺʹȻ״
𿴻ÿվȣݹǶʦоĵҩڳŵġ
ϵÿ£˲ʹȴ̫ҽΣҲԽԽڵҩ
ԵҩоҲԽԽ֡

ȴٳδ̫ӡ
зͻ
ٵȼ꣬е˶˻ʱ򣬷ȻӰڵ
ʱѪȷ硣

Ȼδվԣ֪ȴܶƱػȥ
ĽϲҲãҲգԶںֻϣƊƽ
ԣ뽫Զû



¾Ϊһʡ
û뵽ɫؽźƊϵ˳
˵ӣ¾ŵͣ
ãº󣬱һˮ

¾ֽ̧ӹѱӾֱĴߡ
¾˼
Թ졣
룬ʮ㣬ŮҵĻ⣬һ˿©ȫ
Ҳ֪ʲô

ûãˡ
⻹ձٽĵڶγ
û¾⼸ڴϴ˶ã˶á
¾һġ

˺¾Ҳ˴
ͷͦãűƊ˵ĶҪȥɹɹ

ŷ˳ȥ

·Ժ¾֪ģͣ˲ӡ
ĿһһСơ
ӻ䣬ǲ֪ûн

¾ϸƣû
ջ
ֻڻ䣬¾ȴע⵽˴ʱ³ݵСˡ
룬һҲͦãרŰÿճݣҲܸմˡ
ô˵ռ˱ˡ



¾Ĳƺæ
֮ǰй֮޲

˵¾Ҳʡ

Щ¾һϰߣÿնɹɹ̫ӵͦ

գʱ¾˰ʱ󣬱ɹɹ̫
¾ɹϰʱԼĪǽյͷ̫ˣûã¾ĺ󱳱һ˿⡣

߰ɣȥ

¾Ժ

ֻʱͻȻע⵽إ硣
Щɻ󣬡𣿡

إ繪ǡ

ԣ¾ͷᲽ˽ȥ
Ǻر硣

ûˣ¾Ჽȥ
˼ƺʲô¾Űɡ

ԣͷ

¾֪ͦĵġ

һ̤ң¾ᵽ˿ŨѪζ
¾һµĲҲ
ƹ磬¾ڴߡ
˱¾ֻܿ׳ĺ󱳣ɫƫ֮ܿ°ӰʮԸУϢ
ֻĺȴ˸˰̣ˡˣ˺еˡˣеģ˰¾֪ʲô¡

ʱ¾ģһѪܵ˺ۡ
ʱðѪ
Щɲ
ֲѪζôŨء

״¾Ҳ˲̫ˣæ߽

ֻһᲽ˱عͷ
󲢲⣬ֻ

ƾڵ

ɤɵͳκ˿ʹ˼
·ǽһСС˺ۣ㲻ˡ

ֻ¾߽ŷ֣ǵ˺۾Ȼ׹ǡ
ŵ¾˫һæҷԸȥС

£¾㼱æת
ת㱻סˣ¾˵ֱץ

ء

¾Ҷ̶ֻܹԭأһֱϵ˺ۡ
ֻǲô죿
ֱۻ᲻ˣ

¾һμôصˣЩҡ

ǲȻ̫ҽ

ɿɵء
£ֵˮ̵ֱѪϴɾ

¾ŵʿˮŵϵѪҡإ⣬ȥ

¾ӲЩǺ£ĴŪ˵
˺۹ǿֶȥˡ

Ĵֱۣʢˮľһԣɤƽȴưһһذסҵ

˵£ϴɡ

¾ʱƽĶȴðЩ

ʹġ

ɼ˹ִ¾Ҳ֪ײĿڣԴʱôŪҲϡ

¾ҧá

ֻ¾֪Ҫإ˿ڣإʱҲˡ

ϲ˽ӡ
Խϵ˻϶Լġ
ǱҪˡ

ˣȻǲԼ
ԽԺȷ˻
ֻإȴ֪Ϊô֣һҪȷɹ̫Լȥ
Ծͷôһإǵȵļ١
ڽշ˻硣

ǣ¾ٵšˮӣȲ˿ԶѪ
СɫҲʮֽţĳŪ

¾Ķ߱˳ȵĺҲȫϢ.˷̵ļԼһֱǳӡ

ֻ¾ûע⵽ȫĵľ糤˺ϣÿµѪӽ˰ð¾ı㾾һ¡

˿ڸˣ¾Щԥ̧򴽵ˣ˵һңǧš

һδ˿ڣûо飬Ū
ô̵ӣۣϿ϶ҲκֻҪ˵¾֪أ
Ǹ㡣

˵ɤ޲˵¡
£֪Ľţ̧һֻ֣ԴֵҾ͸㡣

                        
лҪ˵ˣеǸǸ

33

Ӧ, ¾΢
Ŀֱϵ˺ϡ
ת, н͸Ѫˮϴ˺¾, šɣŻѪܵ˺Ͽ

¾, ȫעµĶ, ļʮּӲ, Ӳ¾Ȼ֪ʱѪΣǷˡ

ûŪ㣿

¾û̧, ֻЩ, һ߼Ķһѯʡ

˺ܿӦûС

ûоͺã¾Щ

С

ıܣڲ֪¾һֱ߲ϵѪһ΢ſ죬سǵ˺ۺ
ƺܼʹ

˴ֻܿŮϸ۵ĲС˺, ΢ţʮأСĵ, ˺Ϻ
绬˺ۣĪģֱԽԽȣܿȫĽҧϵĺҺҲԽԽ̵࣬ʮࡣ

¾ڲСĴ˺ۺŷģ״ŵ¾һǡŪ𣿡

ûĿƽǰֻ

ˣ¾ҧִŵĶ

ڣ֪˶ãֱϵѪűøɾˡ
¾ӣѯǽô죿

һƺЩҩȥ

ԣ¾æתƹ㷢˷ϵҩƿ
ʢŵģҩƿܶ࣬ɫģˣÿһƿҩҲּ֡
ûϸ˵һƿ¾ûж룬˽ȥ

ҩˡ

ʱ˴齵ĺϣ࣬ɿشţ߽󣬰̧Ƥ˳ķȥмǷϵС
жһװϵϢûô
һ˴ִ

ù

¾˹ȥе̷һԵСϡ

ƿɫҩƿ𣿡

¾ֻһƿҩǺɫġ
Ӧˡ

ͷ΢΢ȥɤͶģ򿪣ϣ˺ͿĨ˿ϡ

¾һ㶣Ȼ̫˼ȴ˼롣
ƿɫҩƿ֮ףΪʲô˵Ҫˡ
ΪⲻǷĩҲҩ࣬ҩ衣
ˣŪɷĩ˲ͿĨ˿ϡ

룬¾ȥ֡
ΪΪմ˲ϵѪ

¾ΪҪҩ裬Ūɷĩѣȴû뵽⿴ҩ裬ȴһ顣
һ㱡Ľ״⣬ֻҪķĩȻ
̫

¾Сƿҩ趼˳ܿ죬ϱвٵҩۡ

̧ʱ΢ۿڴϰţ¾룬ûټҩͿĨ˿ϡ
̣¾ǾᣬΪţҲð˲⡣

֪¾Сؽҩ˿ʱȴͻȻۣһҩ۵ֱ֣˿ϡ
ŵ¾ɫ԰ס



˵û¡
ֵƿɫҩƿ򿪣Ϳ˿ϡ

ֵ¾Ҳ˲Ϸŵľˣæƿɫҩƿ
Ƿĩˡ
״¾˿ƿ˿϶ҩۡ

ûκζֱһƿҩꡣ
¾űֱŵΪɴ

ΪţСԽԽֱۣȫעزɴŮӵĺԾļϡ
ܻÿһ񾭣̣ʹѡ

ֱϵ˽ᣬ̧ͷСˡ

ĴµŮӰ۵Сͨ죬ҩḶ́ԭڶϵᷢճϡ
ϸ׾ĲҲմճ˲˿
ƺڵźŬԼƽ

Ŀɫ
жɴһԣͻȻ̧֣Ȧסϸ΢һ㽫ӴԱϡ

ֱſϣЩ£ɫл㱡

ĵұ۰ϣ΢΢ŴʱſϵŮӣɤɳƣҡ



¾΢㶣ڻԼôſϣʱԣ˶ˡ



ôЩ£

˵ɾͷһΪҩḶ́Ųѣսľ
ʱȻûд˵ֱۣ¾ģֲᣬôȫſϣ᲻ᵼѪҺ裬ڿ
ⶼ¾Ϲġ

ò˳ֵһ飬ҡ

֣¾װɡ

׹ֵֹġ

˵ֻ
ɫ¾֪û
¾Эˡ
Ϊ

ֻʱſϣԴţҪҪһ
뵽¾Щ죬ʱ.㣬¾оſ϶߲ѣỹҪһˡ

¾ֻŬͷȴҲ°ͣ
ˣ°;°Ͱɡ

¾°¡
Сˡ

Է˰ɣ

ɻ£¾ͻȻоµ˶
ͻȻףһҧ°͵Ĵϣ¾ʶ˸ϵƣĺϣ̶סԴǡ

¾ȳǿǡ
ͬʱ¾ܸܵϵ¶ԽԽ죬ԼҲܵӰ졣
ݼĴͷ·¶ȣ¾Ʊһ֮УûлյʹȴлϮ͡

֪˶ã¾ڼɿ

˷ֿ

¾ʶ̧ȴĴְסĺԣԴְ˻ȥСš

Ƶ𿴡

¾֪Ϊβ̧СţȴȴЩҵ
·ʱƽѶϢ

Ҳһǣ¾ƽ󣬱֪Ϊβ̧ˡ
ΪظоһӲʱϡ

¾Ů֮£ȴ֪ԵӦ
ʱһҲҶ
µ˺ҲһһҲҶ

ףһֹա
֪˶ã¾ȵȥ𣿡

ôſϣ᲻ܣ

¾ʱɫֻ֪ڳĬ˺ܾú󣬲ŵ͵͵ػӦһ



ԣ¾˿
ϵҲ˳ɿˡ

¾뿪
ڵһ̣¾ʶɱȥ־Щã¾ת
ע⵽˳.¾ŬƽҪ£

ʵϣֻ¾Լ֪ʱĺ⡣
һ
ָоֲĹ±ŵʱҪ̼
Ҳ졣
¾ǰġ

¾ѯ仰ʱܸо˵Ŀһֱϡ
ãӦ

                        
лҪ˵
ûоСЦúнѽҲЦһ

34

, ֮ǰ·Ѿܴˡ
¾ǷҪȥһʱ, إ硣

󣬼˵ʱһ
¾Ϊإ

Ļ, ¾˽
ܿ죬㴫إ, ·¸ˡ

Ե˻Ӧ, 

Ļ, ¾إ˳ȥ

ȫ¾̾Ϊֹ˵ĶҲ̫ˡ
˳

¾ʱעѾӷŷ̵תƣǶ, إ綼˼塣
ô͵, إ羹Ȼֲֻ©

뵽¾뵽ˣȻإĶôãǷ﷢һУإǲǶˣ

С

¾ϸˣæǷȥ·ý



¾תȥ·ŬԼĵ׵һ˿⵭ȥ

Ȼһ߳, ¾㿴˴ʱſڵإ硣
إվıֱıӰ¾ţȻϰ֮, һܼġ
գ¾ŷ·˽ȥ

¾߽ȥʱѾӴվ
¾ʱվ˲֣ټ.㣬Ϊϰ䣬ϵļ
˰̶ƺŨζ

¾ֻҴҿһۺ˻
Ϊ˸ҩΪԼֱţȫעûط
Ǵʱ¾ûȫעˡ

۲㣬¾ȻҪź¡

¾̣˵
ʱѾǷΪҩʱˣӽ治ɫΪתע¾һΪ£һߵإˣ

إ翴󣬲ôõ¾𾪣֪ˣϰ˼䡣

ϣĻ£ƽɤ



ֻʮƽĸ֣¾˲ˡ
ʱվǰΪҲԾ˶١

ʲô

ȻǷиȻӡ
ԥĻʶرܣʱȻѿإ磬¾ҧԼࡣ

һ˲䣬¾ָ糣ʮֵûУʡ

֪¾˵⻰ʱжš

º¾һֱӦ
Ӧ֮Ӧ֮ߡ
ɴ¾սľΪϵ˴Ӻȴڡ

״¾ĵ˿
һûϣˡ

¾תȥһ·
ϣһת㱻˻
˵Ȧס̶ǰ̧ͷͷ

ֵ

ʱüѾβס¾˲ִɱإġ

¾ֻʵظǸôԶܳͨؽ̸һʱЩ档

ʲôʡ

¾ٵתӣ۵ɲɢ¾ðջ˸ӡ
ʣϰˣ

ƺûлӦĻתƻ⡣
ǻӦʮꡣ

ʮꣿ
Ǵ㿪ʼϰ䣿

¾þ̾Сʱ·ߡ
ĸ۰һֱ

¾ʱ˳ѯʣʲô

ò˵˼·Ĵѵġ
Ӳ¶ҡ
ת˻⣬ŷŵѯʣҴ¿ʼ

¾ʱǰ˵ϰ֮˵Ķܺãں棬ҪϰзôõĶ

¾͵͵ؽѯإԭתƵˡ
ƺ˽ȥ¾æ̧ס֣üۺ棬ҡ

ȴ˳סġ
˼·˳ԣإΪ֪¡

š¾ɵͷ

ˣͻȻһѽţЩ׺ݣԺֱҡ

ڿˣƾһֱ֧ȫ¾Լˤˣֻܽӵѹϡ

һ߻Ӧá

㶼㻹
ң

Ļû˵ꡣ
ͻȻҧĶϣЩأ¾Ķ϶ˡ
ҧ˺ſĶϵҲϲ˵֡
¾ظֵ´Ū

仰¾ɱ⡣
֪˵ʵ
ò˵¾ʱһ˿˿¡

ҪӦá

˵գżӡ

¾ĽڲȵʵڰеҲˡ
Ҳ˲۽ˣԼھ֮У˲
ĵֳ˲ٺ¾ڣɿңȥ·

ʱ¾Ļº󣬱ɿ֡

״¾ִĳ룬̧
̧һ˲¾·𿴼ʲô
ִ

ʱֻһ㵥̧ͷʱұϵϻһأʱȻֱۣȴδ¡
¾̧ʱ㲻СĿڲһ˰̡
˰̳ܴ󣬼Ǳ鲼ڲࡣ
¾ļҲ̡

ǵãϰµĳʱˮһ̣Ȼǵ˾
ʱͷһƬʣǰҲȫǰ׹⣬Ϊ̫ǿڸо˴Ӻ¾ۡ
ˮӣ¾ȴǵڲһ˰̡
Ϊ˺۵̫󣬵ʱˮ£Ưʱ¶һء

ˣȴֲ
¾ֻǵǵ˰̺ļҲ̡

ʱڿڲ˰̺¾·յĻ档

Ҳߴ٣;ؿ˼
ֱ¾Լ˼·ó̧֣ǽڸ˺ϵƿ

¾ˡ

¾Ҳֻüһ̧ۣסۣǰĺڰ֮У¾ֻ𿴡

ˡ

˵գ㽫ִ˳漴ɿס۵֣ü۳ţȥ·ɡ

¾Щԥȴתȥ·
ϲой˵ܸӡ
ϲҵˣǾ˿ܾǰˣϵķ

¾Ϊʱǲѯʣ˰Ǻʱеģ

ǰʮʱȥϰʱˮȡ
ԣҪ˰Ʊػ֮ǰС

Ӧꡣ

ԣ¾üһѿڶǰûȥϰʱ¾뵽ʲôԥˡ

˶֪ҽսھǡ
ǰпܸͲھǡ
ǲھǣǾͲܻ

⣬¾ĵĻǣ˳ڣ
Ϊ¾ȷһӡ

˲ӣ¾ģ⻰һʳڣҪҵ˺ס

¾ԥĵط
ΪΪ˾й֮ס
ҵ˵ӣռ᲻Ϊɱ֣

¾š֣ʮԥ

¾һţǹ˵̬ȣˮ֮ӿȪ౨οǾ֮ˡ
ôӦòԵɱ֡
ϾûӾҲڡ

¾ȴ˵Ļðա
˼룬ǾЩȽϺá
˸ʷǰھ

˼Ϊôʡ
κųӦڡ

ԣ¾һĵ׾йʧ䡣
漴ЦݣǺʣǰģս𣿡

ǰ



ԣ¾ʹѿһ䣬ع𣿡

                        
лҪ˵׷ģ룬һŵŮˣȻ򣬵ҪŬҪǿһ׷ϽŮˣ
ˣСҪ˯ˣ
35

, һ˫ɲ⡣
, ¾񿴶һЩʲôȴֺûС

, ¾ع

£¾һ
Ƿھ˶ã

ǰս, ͻȻ˾ǣ¹, ¾ֱؾԵ, ھ˶á

ա

ԣ¾һ˲ʧ
գ

ھգ¾ϣЩ
˰ȴ¾̡
, ǲ

¾ɫ, ʸࡣ
ûȥϰ£
ûСһˮŮӣ

Щ¾ʵġ

¾ûֱѯʣʱڵ֪պ¾͸ֱʡ
ðա
һء

ֻҪ֪عͺãҲԼȥ顣

ǵõˮ󣬲ϰ£һׯ԰
Ϊˮ¾ӣǻպѹġ
ׯ԰, ¾ʶȫѣ˴齻˾

ղ鸮
¾ǵʱظʱ, ¸˶ʧɫΪ˰ɡ

ղ鸮ϱ⣬ȴ֮Ҳò±
Ϊʱˮʱϰµһпˡ
Ǹҽղ鸮Ϣȥ͸Ҵ߱Ϣ
˭ռ˱ˡ

¾֪֮ипˣҲΪׯ԰Ĺȥʱġ
뿪ʱׯ԰Ĺ˵ظѣϰ»һп֤صġ
ƺһжˡ

¾ѯʸ࣬˭ׯ԰˭
ׯ԰˶ؿƿ˸еϢ֮⣬һŲᡣ
û˷ӣټȷʵܵˣԱȻ˾

º¾ҲҵǸׯ԰⾩ôׯ԰ô࣬ȥң
ֻܴŲ²⣬ׯ԰ϰ¸
ȥϰϹһ㣬ѯʹϰµס֣жٴׯ԰
סֻӦ°ٴ
ϣͷﶼڴһׯ԰

˺¾ҲҹԲ֮

⼸¾ҲϽˡ
û뵽գ¾ҵһƵӡ
Ȼʵдȶ
¾Ҳһ˿ϣ

ϣͬʱҲðա
һ

˵μ򵥣鷳
ܿ죬¾֡

ɻҪ

Ӧ

ԣ¾ЦͷǾڸˡ

¾Ϊǽղǰæµ̶˵ӦҲ˼ˣֻæµ
û뵽Ȼһն糯ҲûȥϹûȥӪ

е˹ˡżˡ

ֻҪڸϣ¾Ƥ¡
¾ж༱Ҫ֤Ƿǵˣ¾Ҫš

ֱڰգټ빬
¾˻ᣬԸ˴˳¹ܼ

û¾ķǲµĲƲ
ҪǿǷϰ¸ׯ԰У¾ٹȥһ۱ˡ

¹ܼˣƺҲͻȻټ

ˡ

¾żɽ¹ܼңһ·µĲƲ

¹ܼһ㶣æǹǡ

£¹ܼұԸȥ˼¼²ƲĲӡ

ϲͬרŵ˷ϵĲƲɳ¹ܼһֹ

¾޹󣬽Ůˣ¹ܼٹܱ㲻̫׵ҲȨɷˡ
¾սĵڶպˣ֮Ҳͷһֱδˬ±һֱá

õ¾ԸҲ鷳ֱԻǼɳ¹ܼҴ
ȻķĽЩɳ¹ܼҹټ֮ǰҲһֱڹΪϤ¾Ҳûʲôĵġ
ֻ趨㱨ɡ

ʱҪһ½ĲƲƺһʦڵ顣
¾ᶯ˼ӽƺûꡣ
ЩﶼЩǡ

¹ܼҴǰ䣬¾ܣˣЩǽھļ̺;¥ϸ

ЩǽھǮׯˮϸ

䣬ҲЩ̺ǮׯϸֻǲھǣݣϣС

¾ͷƤ飬ó¹ܼ˼
ֲô࣬ԭ¹ܼҽЩҲþ¥ҲգֻǮׯ⼸ˮϸˡ

ƫƫ¹ܼҳ˵Щ̺Ǯׯ֮⣬ׯ԰ЩȴһŲᡣ
ѵǾò׬Ǯ

¹ܼҴʱѾܵ¾̲סˣҾ뿴ġ

ŶŶ¹ܼͣǰ߼ָǰǼӣˣЩǾĲƲϸ

¾һ˷

¥

״¾Щ⣬¥ǽſģھͦ嶼ϲȥ
û뵽Ȼµġ

¼ÿµ֧룬롣
ϸ
¾뿴Щ
ַ˼ȫЩ¥̡

¾ȥһ䣬ǮׯĲǡ

ⷭ˼ۣ¾һ£ĵ̺ǮׯſģҲǰһ㣬ͻȻð
⼸ȴھǣЩ¥̡Ǯׯܿ˺ͦ˵ģоͷԡ

¾վѯʣûׯ԰𣿡

¹ܼһ㶣ΪͻȻ㽫µĲƲ뿴Ƿ̰˽̵ɡ
Ͼׯ԰ЩǿƤǣôǮҲǸǲ˽̡

𣬳¹ܼҵ뿴ūȥ

¾ͷ

¹ܼģ뷽ŸЩ˵ĲӲͬǵ
¾һһŵطеĵ϶ׯ԰߸ۡеĽһƤ

¾ϣطУһƤ¾ϸĥƤǲϰ¸
ֱһŵ꣬ûС

˵ɫʧ¹ܼҿ˶ߣѯʣ˿ʲô

ԣ¾ЦЦӦûС

㱻¹ܼҿˡ

˻Ӧ¹ܼұҲûԣֻЩϽĵƤڽ»мƤǻʹ͵ģûе

ȴ˻˲ϡ

ԣ¾һʶʣûе
ȳ¹ܼһӦ¾пׯ԰

¹ܼ룬ӦС

ԣ¾Щֽ˽״ƲѯʣЩׯ԰ںδ

¹ܼҵֻׯ԰һھǱ𽼣һھǣģǻʹ͸ıׯ԰һڳϰ¸

һڳϰ¸
ϰ¸

¾ѹķӿĲΣִЩʶȴûһۡ
˲֪ã¾ŽЩݸ˳¹ܼңƺЩƣ룬ˣ֪ˣ°ɡ

¹ܼȥ
ڳ¹ܼ˳ȥ¾Ҳһ˳ȥ

ǰ
ǻعǡ
ϰ¸һׯ԰
Щ᲻ᶼɺϣ

¾ǲţΪ̫ɺˡ

ϽƽϽЩǷ粨
ӾͻȻЩ֪

ǰȥ޷Ǳƽ粨
ǻؾƱһЩɿء
ҲΪʲôձ뾩Ϊʱȡ

̶̵¾̫ϰ¡
Ͼϰڳ⣬ȴɽ壬ӾﶼҪһգǿҲҪա

һȥأǡþ

һƺܷ߼ȴΪ̫ɺϣ¾š

ʱ¾˼·ƽȻҪһ¡
ʳ¹ܼңϰ¸Ǵׯ԰ǻϺʱʹ͸ġ
ǲǰѾʹ͸ˡ

                        
лҪ˵Ը⡣

36

¾һֱʱ
ֱɽ, ¾밲ŷӦ
ˡ

¾, Ჽ߽ңڴ
һԿȥ, Լи
һϵж˺󣬱Ѿ߽ҡ
¾̧, ˫



ļߵ¾ԣµŮƻЩ, ؿڴϡ

˵һ硣

˸, ڴϵԼ

¾˹ȥ˳ƿĻӦ, Щ

¾ûݡ
Դʱװס
¾оԼһ۾˯
ʵ, ¾ʱĻѾ˯ˡ

ɡ

һĵɤ˲¾˯ȫޡ
˵¹ܼ˵˽ĲƲ

¾ۣվţĻԴʱ˭Ҳ˭ɫ
ܿ죬¾ֱۣӦ

֪ԭ¾Ҽ󻹲մֹЩ, ͻ룬֪жٲƲ

ж٣

¾Ӧܶࡣ
˵ֺ¾ò, ̵ؽŵܶܶࡣ

ܶࡣ¾ڻһ˺˿϶ػظ

ȷܶࡣ
Ҫöࡣ
ĸʱĲƲࡣ

¾ΪǸֻǿһ
Ͼ겻ھǣǽǵٺ»ֻǻϵЩʹͣжǮƣ
Щ꣬˵ģҲ϶͵Լ

֪վȻ۽硣

ƺķӦЦˣ¾ŵ΢΢
˵ġ

仰Ʈ¾ĶϣȻҲûɢ¾˯⡣
¾룬һƮˣѾӽǮˡ
ʵʵá


ʱһ»ܼ¾ľġ

ʲôʱɡ

ȥģʡ

¾ƺ˺ܾãҲԥ˺ܾãԵһܺã֪˴º¾ӲĻ͡
Դʱ¾ϣŵ˵ϰµƽǴʦģãȥΪԼͷһƽ

¾֪ô˵һͬ⡣

Ȼ¾Ļ£á

ԣ¾ǹòǲȵǽƽ
ֻҪ¹ӵģʲôӦ

Ҳͦõġ



Ȼ˵ҪȥϰֲǶԵУ˵߾ߡ
Ҫǵ̫ˡ
¾Ҳôһʱȡ

ֱµףһʥּϯǡ
ΪӴͻˡ
ͻ¾ڻʹ￴λΪʺŮӡ
Ů

¾֪ʺĿģȴû뵽ʥּô졣
ӵ֮ҲͶգһ¶ࡣ
ڻӴ˵ʱЩϡ

Ĺ¾ǰ˽ĹŴͬɻ˵ݳס
ܱȶȳɻ顣
ӳɻҲԼĸۡˣǵûϲпܱү

¾ʲôϵ
ϢҲ¾ͣôһ˲󣬱㱻¾֮Ժ

磬Ɗ˽

ʱ£¾һμƊ
һ¾Ɗ˵Сӡ
һֻ

ֻСӶҲȻ˵ǰ㣬СӰ޵ģ۾ܺ죬
ճһµСӻô㣬Ҳˡ
٣¾߽ԶֻСɶԭسˣҲûͣ˼

¾ʶﶼ˵ģֻҪ˽ӽˣұʱֻ˵Сӣ档

ƊҲŶѾùһƬˣݸ¾¾㣬ιϵأ

¾ӹƊݹˣӵķ϶ι˽ȥûãȻһֻСԴˡ
˱ԵĶָ⣬ָоЩأǹɵسιȥˣ¾Ķġ

¾㣬ֻСӾ͸ˡƊԵ

¾һ㶣ң

Ɗͷһץһֻģһֻĸġ
˵Ɗ͵͵սС˼ǾССˡ

ʱһСˣһࡣƊЦġ

¾û
ǰΪҽԺһҲΪӲãԼչ˲ܣô
ɴʱֻСӣ¾˼ĳ嶯
Ҳûѣл

£Ɗûñˡ
֪ΪΣմӽ֮㿪ʼѧҽˡ
ﶼ׼ȥˡ
ר

Ɗܳ͵͵ġ
Ϊڵ֪¾СӺƊҪֻ
һֱ鵽գ˻
ڽãӾߡ

֮ǰƊǵ¾㣬ǵȼȥ̤ɡ

취˵ġ
ʵ˵ˣ͵͵޳
Ѿòˣնҽ飬Դˡ

¾룬ͷá

Ɗ֮¾ָֻСιһʳ
˰Ǵﱧ˳
¾ǲ̫ģԸȥҷ裬˳ȥѰһλӵˣн

ǡӦ

ת˳ȥ¾ŷġ
ֻС̫Сˣ¾

¾ͶڵϿǣʵˣ¾վ
룬¾˰ǱȥԺĲƺˡ
˲ƺϺСʱ״̬ͬԻ˲١

¾ԿĴ
ֱĻظ¾￴ǡ

ڿʲô



¾Щϲطơ

˳Ŀ⿴˹ȥ
¾ĽǶȣ˵ɫ˲ˣЩֲ

ʣ˭͵ģ

¾û룬ӦƊġ

Ӧ֮¾û˵
¾̧ɫЩˣԸ˽Сӱȥʱ

ͷļϣš



¾ԭҲøˣԻӦá

£¾оͷӼ뿪ͬʱǵȥ



ҹ

¾˯֮ԵϢ߳˷š

¹ܼš
إҹ˵ǽҹټ
Ǻ£¹ܼҲ֪

ʱ¹ܼҲż˳

¹ܼҸ

£Įصֻóȥˡ

¹ܼһȥֻһģһġ

ҪֻһģһĲѣܲ˷

¹ܼ˼ǰӲͷƤ˳ȥѰһλӵ˽

˼Ƿ˺ϲֻСӡ

¹ܼ֪ϲˣʱðȰ롣
±˷ˣǻĵİɣ

¹ܼҵĻ£ȷоĬˣƺԥҲһ˲䣬¹ܼңˡ

¹ܼñæūȥֻһģһ

ת߽ӣ¹ܼ˫һ˿
󣬲ҵ飬ҲҷԸȥֻһģһСӣֻԼȥ
˱¶ˡ

¹ܼҴʱҲ֪ˣΪνֻһģһСӣҪȥֱӽإȥ
ΪҪֻһģһСӣܱ˷֣ס

                        
лҪ˵¹ܼңǹˣҲӵģǺǡ
˫ɡ
СƼһרһƪԤգħɱ𡷣ȤĴǸղأм
Ԥİ
һգٿڴᡣ
Уϯ
Ҹɵۡ
ʦһս񡣡
һ
ˣÿޡ
϶ŵ⣬ֱͦ壬ɫưм
ʵ챦ʱ۵׵ĳԽԡ
챦Ķ£ǣȴδ޳Σ޵һţСֿ
˲²˲СħΪҲʺ𣿡
:ţ
ħÿ¶ô鲻ãÿʱ綼Щˡ
겻һֻ˼ˣȴǧٹ֡
ţħÿɱһˣͣһĵһС裬ỺΣ
ħĵ챦ɪɪŵƯѪζ꣬챦̵ı֣á
Ű°Ƣе㲻̫õħȹԸеС˵ѩ
Ķָϣ
1.ģһЦ
2.߽˫
3.ŮǿŮǿ

37

¾ǵڶݺѹ, ŻȻƊ˵ĵȼȥ̤ࡣ

Ɗտ˵ʱգ

һ˲, δ

ԣ¾ͷ, ǵò̫ˣֻǵƊ˵ǵȼ, ֪ƊǷ˵ʱա
ӦûУ¾ˡ

Ҳ֪᲻Ӧ
¾˼
һȥʹ, ʱ˵Ļ, ¾һͷۡ
ЩѰ졣

¾룬мգҹ, ȿ̬, ӦһΣʼΣʵͷܻӦ
ȻˬӦˣȻá

ԣùź¾δ뾻ԡ, ĥŴôڡ
ֻûûôڣԱһӰ
ˡ

¾񣬸оӵϱ, ȻԼλϣŷϡ

ôûȥԡʡ

¾š



£㿪ʼĲǣտʼĶᣬֻűҧ˱ŵ¾æǰ˹ȥ
ȼջҪƊȥ̤࣬ʱһӵǺۣô

̧Ŀ

¾ҡͷɫȥ¾˸ڣһûԡ

һĺôǿĲ
¾˵Ǿ仰˼

Ҳ֪ûװ̧§סѹ
¾ãҲѲˣֻֿҧ׵¾Ըࡣ
˼Щɢң¾ĵ̵룬ϴδǸ۵ҩ໹ͦõģǽκ󣬺۾ȫȥˡ

׹ͣŻӦŵĻ׹˾ͱȥԡ

˵ɤƣȵĺʹĶϣЩ١

¾

˼
仰˼û׹

¾ôţȥ
ǡ

¾ɵȥģ

ֱӣȥס

ȥף
ԣ¾Ŀͣȥôף

Ҳȥϡ¾

Ȼ֪ΪͻȻҪȥף¾ܾôʱȥס
Σ¾ʱѾߵ˴齱ߣͰ˴ϡ

ĿԽԽ¾ŵӸһ㱻˻
ˡ
¾Щţǹֵǳȥɡ

ؿڶãŰҲ㡣

¾仰˼

ֻһסֵ

ƺ¾һ˲Ŀҡҡͷԡ

ԣĺ˶
סӵȴɲ¾ǰڱеĹֻ

¾Ҳ̧ؿ

ã¾ź̾
ڻɤֳΣһҲ𣿡

¾ģأͻȻ뵽Ҫͬ⣬С

£¾оЩӲ
ᣬ¾æֵ

仰һƺĬˡ

¾ͷ𣿡



Ȼԡ

ĴС¶֪ѯɫ峺ͻȻͱЦˡ
˵˼˿Ц⣬˫ִ§סӻ
á

˵գ׾۵Сġ
ᡣ

֪˶ã¾ͻȻڰ

ҵȼһˡ

ƺʶӦ

ԣ¾ɫ΢

¾ûüˣͣ˶΢΢̧ͷѯʣȥģ

¾գգۣôȷ黹죿

ȥ̤ࡣ

βŵãȼȥ

ġ
ƺѾ˵ˣ¾æ㡣

ȥ

¾ҴӦƊˣҪһȥ̤ࡣ

£¾ûܿɫΪͻȻվ
ͬʱԴ˻

¾һֱڵӦȴʼճĬֱ¾˯ˣ׼ȥ

¾˲ѡ
ƺ֮ڵĻظ
¾Ȼ˿⡣
ǰ¾ɶƣİԵǿƶԴӵ֪ܻľ֮¾ĺͰݾ͸ˡ

룬ճĬһԥɣ
ȻԥǾϣ
ԥһջ£˵ǴӦˡ
¾Ӧʮ

֪ڶҹһ£㱻ס˴
֮նˣտἰ¡
ֱ¾һἰ±תƻ֮¾̲סü

֪˵ʲô𣿡

¾ŮЩá

ȴɫ糣ûаֲãʮģ

Ȼ֪ΪʲôӦ
¾ֵһ飬صظ

һֱûпڡ

¾ߴ٣

ڣ¾ߴ˼֮ˣɤ֮ǰ࣬Ҳࡣ

˵ȥ

ظ¾ĳȥ

ƺûвվȥ

¾ûвֻΪԼ˽ĶԸˡ
֪ΪΣ¾ͻȻЩˡ
ĵ׻һӷơ

һܺãҲϲ
֪ϲҲһЩΪر֪ܾȹ֮¾ˣҲһֱ˳
һٶؾܾ¾ĵţֻҪÿնһΣ˵ͬ⡣

ɴʱ¾ȫȫ̬ȡ
ٴΣͬ⡣

¾߬ģͻȻվ
ܸо

¾ȴһֱܿ񣬡ЩˣȥϢˡ

˵գûӦ¾תᲽ

ߴűǳȵĽŲ
¾ṳ̂ڶ㱻Ȧסֱ˻ȥ

ɤͷЩ䣬ҽ

㲻𣿡¾ƽʡ

˴Ϊβ

ΪͻȻãķӦġ
Ӧ۰ΪԼ˽ĶԸ

ûлӦü˼ѹԼڵıŰһ飬Ϊβ

¾˺ܾãѿڶȴᣬˡ

ǳɹŭˣͻȻǯסСɫѿ

˵仰ʱ¾ΪԼڽӡ
ķȻϵػʱķ
˲뻽ʱһһظ
ֱ¾˯ﶼз֡
ҹζǡ

                        
лҪ˵ˣҲ֪һ³֮жģСȱס
Сģ谮㡣
ʵľСҲᣬֻǰŮˡ
Сıμǡġ
жҹʮ㵽һ㡣

38

ҹ֮, Ǻһɹܵա
ֹ졣
ֲˡ

ȴֲ֪ΪΡ
˵ǽͷ˲, ֻҪڸϣǶܿճŷˡ
Ҳûƿ˼, ͡
ɺһ

˵˺ͣԲѹԽԽ, һձһտֲ
ֻڷǰʱŻм, һ˲, Ǳ˸ˣȫȻͬ
һڴһڶ

Ҳֻ֪ǽͷ֮䷢ʲô, Ż˹ա
ֻ, ͷպͺҲܺܵ㡣

֮¾ûƊȥ̤һ¡
Ҳû˺ղؾͽˡ

¾Ҳһ㣬˳
ֻ¾Լ֪ĵ
ܼʱ򣬹סԼģԼĴ뷨ӡ

ҲظʱˣҲڸá
ƺǵڸ, ų֮ǰպȥϰ¡

¾Цͷá

ۣ֪, ȴûᲽ뿪ͻȻ˻ֱӼ򵥣ҡ

Ѿ֪⼸ٴˣ¾ǲ⣬ԹԵס

ҲûΪǾص꣬ŵˣʱ



¾ıӰнԶ
ϵ¶Ⱥƻͣڴߣ¾˲񡣡

߽ˡ

ҵôˡ

ѾҺˡӦ

ԣ¾ͷơ

˳ȥ

ʵ֮¾һֱ룬Ϊʲôʧء
ķӿߣΪǿƲסԼ
¾⼸գԼܽһʡ
ѳ
ⲻһͷ

ʶԸȥЩòŮӽ
ЩŮӶԼߣߵѾߡ
ʱôϲǸˡ
˵ϲҲΪĳ࣬Գ޵ĶˣҲͻˡ
¾ҲЩѾʱԼסԼĪѳ

ܿ죬ЩѾ

һˣŷ˵ҪŮӵĳ඼ƫޣòס
ң¾ҲʲôŮӶȻ
ԵԸѾʱ¾ǳҪƫޣҲҪãǿԣȥ³ЩŮҲС
Դʱ⼸λŮζǼãǰ͹̣µķ羰֡
ӯӯ밲ʱһ

¾ǣŮӶʮֹء
֪ģ¾ͻȻ뵽˸ࡣ
뵽ˣ¾ԸѾȥȴҪЩѾʱĳ

һֱ˵Ҳһֱغš

¾ſͻȻЩƣˣŷ裬Ƕͻȥɡ

ˡ

Щ⣬أȴҲҶԣ˳ȥ
¾еˡ
ҪԼһ롣

¾֪ڷ˳ȥԺСȥīԺ˵ԼˣʱīԺ鷿

ַԸЩŮ˳

鷿ûгС˰صãȥ

ɤĮ

ԣСæ˳ȥ

С˳ȥ룬ԽŵǺûǻ
С˻һܾǻЩ
Ͼĺ󱳶ˡ

¾֮Ի÷ְЩŮͳȥΪڿЩŮӺ¾ͻȻʶô嶯ˡ
Ȳ˵᲻˵ͻȻڿ߸ŵЩѾߺ󣬻᲻ɣ

ڷſЩŮӳĬǶʱ䣬¾һֱ¡
ô룬óĽ۶ǣȻɡ
ǻˣ֪ͼ˺ЩѾأ

¾ұ֤
ˡ

¾㳤̾һܾԼԣȴֲ֪ﲻԡ
ôԡ
ʱ¾ӦˣѾǵûţȴ˯
Ȼ˯˿ҵ˼ʱƽ¾־úҲͦõģ˵ܴҳһһݡ

뵽¾־ûҪԼӹȥ
Ҫ꣬ôԼ

ô꣬¾Żǻݰɣɵһ̧ע⵽վˡ
Ҳ֪￴˶á
Ǻܾá

ڿһ˲䣬¾ֻһ뷨ǳ
ʱŻ

ȴ˳Ĭʣôûݣ

¾Ӧ

Ჽ߽ûټֻǸȥ
û˵ɫҲʮƽ¾ܾѹԼ

˰ң˴ϣƺ˺ܾã˵˯ɡ

¾ۡ

ָסۡ
ǿ˯

ƽƽ졣

¾ڿʼ²⣬᲻֪ԷԸ¡
¾Ҳһֱû˯ţҲһֱûߡ
֪˶ã¾ͻȻʱ۵˿ˡ

˵Ӯˡ

¾һûü˼仰˼ͻȻоǰֻŲˣͬʱ
ţӴٵֱоµŮƺ΢΢ʱͣ

֪ж𣿡

¾ƽŴŴʱ˵ˡ
ɤܵͣ͵˲

ԵģõģĶҸģֻңҲֻҡ

Ҳ˵Ķ

ұ˰ֻӶˡ

⼸նŪģ͵ģҲҸ㣬ֻҶСĽ֪ˡ

¾һϡ
ȴڻ

˵һ仰Ҷἵʵ÷裬ֻ㱣־롣

¾ʱ˵Ļ˱־롣

ھӪʱɱ

Ӫ˵ǡ

ֻǴˣΪڻðգ»ס㡣

ԥ

ٹꡭ

ʵºһжإһ첲

һ벻ܲ˵Ҫ㣬Һ㲻Ը

һֱڵ¾Ҳһֱţ˵Լĺ£¾ȴļⷢ

ֱ̧ͷ˫
ƺ֪Щĺ£ͻȻЦһ
˵¡

ָĴףĴߣһһصЩµģµģʶ㻹ҡ

¾֪һ֪ԸǼòѾߵ¡
ֲûг
֪ΪΣŵĻ¾ǺµģȴЩĪѹ

ЭˣԺҶ㡣

ʲô㣬ֻҪ㰮ҡ

˵仰վûٿǲ˾䣺˯ɡ

˵գתᲽ

¾ȥıӰ֪ΪΣͻȻ۾ЩɬֱѾ߳ˣ¾Żſڣ

СС¾ƺ
ȴͣ˲ӡ

¾ʱЩӣӦûסģӦú£ӦӱܣֻӦ취뿪ǻס
ȴˡ
Ǳܵģʶġ

ʱ¾һֱڸ󲡵ǼģģۿӰ
һֱˮ³ʱǸӰӡ
ٺֱÿʱ͵͵ۿ顣
˵ĻҲ¾Ժ
һʱ֮䣬¾ͷӿһ˿ᣬһ˿ɬЩܡ

¾Ĭʱ䣬Ҳһֱû뿪
վصڡ

¾˺ܾã֪ԼΪʲôסˣֻЩۡ

ֱƽ¾ڻڣһ˯š

š¾

£ԭվ˺ܾá

¾Ҳٳˡ

֪˶ãǻڵһȴһֱûеȵ
˻ת˻

Ҫţ

¾ͷ

áӦš

¾룬֮Իỽס᲻Ϊۣ
˶ٲ̺Ͳ飬񡭡Ϊ
Ȼˣס
¾ƽһΣ鷳˺ûѡӱܣֲ͸ı䡣

                        
лҪ˵ʵŮѾʼϲСˡ
ϳ˻ֹףԵС󶼻ʧɫˣġ
Сܾ˯ˣҪ

39

һ, Ɗ˽
ߵѾߡ
¾Ρ

Ѿ߽, ŽƊĻˡ
˵նпգ¾ʱп, Ѱ˶пյʱ򣬱ȥǱ̤ˡ

¾ϸ, 뵽˵պȥϰ¡
һȥϰ£ǽ, ҪĻҪ뷨ȥǸׯ԰
˵ǲܻؾġ
ǻؾ, ʱȥ̤࣬Щ̫ˡ
¾հɡ

ǡѾ߻Ӧ

Ѿڵõ¾Ļظ뿪˽

֪ձҪȥǱ̤, Ҳϲ
Ҳò, ң˵𽼵ľɫܺãȥʶ
뵽ձȥһɣ񵱼㰴಻סǷˣūȥʰ׼һЩ·Ҫõġ

ʵҲûʲôҪʰ׼ģǴЩͲˮٱЩƷ, ·ϼá
Ͼ𽼲Զðʱܵˣùźȥ, Ҳܻظ

ȥʰ׼·õĶ¾һ£ԸѾߣȥѳ¹ܼ

¹ܼڵ֪ټʱ㷲
⼸սչܣǸ˶ܲģˣ⼸ҲС³
¹ܼһֱڲ²⣬᲻Ƿ֪˽˵ֻӡ
Է

¹ܼҵ˼Ҳûټôһֱţ¹ܼҷûһԽԽġ

շټˣ¹ܼ̤Ժ˼־衣
룬һҪСһЩؿƿ·˲ֻӲԭֻӣҲһҪŬ˵ǡ
֪¹ܼҸһ̤ڣ밲˵ĵһ仰ǣ¹ܼң㶪ֻأ

¹̧ܼʶԼΪףæףˣ˵ʲôūšūŲӡ

¹ܼҵķӦ¾룬ʧضˣЩһӶ֪

¾¹ܼңңҶ֪ˡ

ԣ¹ܼģ˵֪ˣôƽ֪
¹ܼҾ÷֪˲ôƽ
Ƿ˽ǻɣԴʱ̽

¹ܼҾǼװͿˣū˵Ļ

ūŴӲӡ

¾ôʣ¹ܼҶ仰¾ɫֻʩѹ¹ܼҲˣӲԡ
ʵ¾ȺЦЩΡ

ɲ֪ǲ˳Ϣģܿ죬˽ӡ
һӣӽû̧ͷڹ밲ӱų¹ܼҵʲôʵظɡ

ӽǻظôһ仰˳ȥ
Ĳإ磬¹ܼȴʶҲǽߵˣ

˳ȥ󣬳¹ܼЩγˡ

¾ڵ˵ɡ

ūŵȷûжӣΪֻӱūԼš

ȷˣɺ¹ܼ˼룬ԸðΥķգֻˡ
ţǷ˽ֻӻҲ÷

ԣ¾һֱյҲɿˡ
ʵѯʳ¹ܼ֮ǰ¾ϣˣʱȻ֪¹ܼ͵͵ֻӣ¾ϲ֮໹˿

л¾

¾ĵĵл

ˡ¹ܼЩݣðٴգʱܵõ˵һл¹ܼҲֵˡ

ֻںδ

¹ܼһӦŷ

𿴽ܴ󣬵ʵκ鶼ŷĻݶ࣬ҲУֻлһȥ

¹ܼҵķᣬæŵŷ

ûԡ

ˣҪūȥֻù

¾ȥɡ

ֻƊ͵ģƊ˵ôӵĲȣûóЩӣǺš
ֻӾѾŷˡ
¾ңŷҲãֻӻڡ

¹ܼ˽ֻӺϴ˺󣬲ȥ˸ǰġ

¾ֻӺЩţ¹ܼңȷֻ

ôôˣ
㳤һȦ
ҲͼûЩ˼

ūȷ

Ƿ˵ӣŷҲרźš
ôܻ˸͵

¹ܼҿ϶¾þ棬æǷԸְֻӱ˹
ֻӴһ¾ŷֻ֣ŷӵȷֻӴ˲٣ͦԡ
ôһֻӶڱС˯ֻȴһֱڲסسԡ
ֲòձһȦ
Ӧǳˡ

Ľɻú硣
ظʱ¾Ѿڿֻʳˡ
ֻѾڣڵضǣʳҲ¾żս˸£ǲЩ
ԸȻͬ

¾Ȥ

һ߽Ժ㿴ʱڲƺϵŮӡ
ﻹһƬײҶӣȱΧֻӣֻͷʳϵİײҶ

ǼֻӺ˵ɫ˰ЩɫҲԱˡ
ܿ㱻߽㽫ڵϵŮӱ
߳ƺ߼һŲϣ¾ۼ⣬æ

ڣͣ˲ӣ

״¾˿ŵСЩȵˡ

¾˵ʱ˵ĳѥһֻСӣ¾żʱסһȥӾûˡ

£˵ȷ۵棬ջۣӦȡ

˵գһԽ˹ȥ

Ҳ֪⻹⣬һԵѾ߷֣ڼᲽʱŸߵֻСӡ
Сӱ߷ˣƺܵ˾ţæȥ˱ĵط

¾һԲֱӣ¾ҲûֹպЩˡ
ڻӺ˱Ը˱ˮΪ֡

ϣһһӸ¾Щãؽӹιҡ

¾

˵⻰ʱɫû˿ı仯ͷ˵ġҡһ㣬̹ǿơ
¾ȴЩЦڸӳԴ

ô룬¾ȴѾ
ڴһۺͻȻְе˹ȥ±ӵƤ£ѹʢһԵСݸֵιҡ

¾˹Ҳûԥһιһʣû𣿡

ϣȻӦС

ԣ¾ɫ⣬Ȼ㻹ظ

ƺ֪ʲôȴûлӦ
¾ҲûжʣֻЩظιӡ
¾ٻȻָڿС
ʶҧҧָ⣬¾ظܵһָߡ

֪ʲô˺¾Щ̡

㲻𣿡

˿Щ⡣

¾˺ܾòżɿԺ׼ιʳ

¾Щ⣬û뵽Ȼӡ

ֻ˼ĬȴʶʲôͻȻ̧ץס֣׿ݺݵֱ˱˼ںŵιɡ

˵˭еĲ鲻Ը

¾׾ֱϱĺۣߴЩ׺Ҳ鲻ԸɤȻʧЦ

á¾ЦӦ

֪¾˳ĻӦĻºͻȻüͲ̫Ըɫ΢
ͻȻһҧϣأ¾оʹȴ˳ݺۡ
ݺӡ¾ϣԵмֲֿ

̧˺üĸˣʹô˵

ʹ

ֻ¾⻰ûڣֵ״սڱҧĳݺ
Щ¾֣ûȴͻȻסһ̧žʾ
ŵ¾Ҷˣס

֪˶̧ѯʣʹ𣿡

¾ʱӦʵһֱʹ᲻ҧڣ

ֱʹ

¾˳Ӧʹˡ

˷ס

¾ŵҪȥǱ̤ࡣ

Ȼ֪ѾӦˣɴʱ˵⻰ʱ¾Щš

ûгĬã

ԣ¾˿ЩϲָιһӣŵһЩظ

Ȼû¾ܾƺлҪ˵
¾ŵصȴ

ֱ¾ڼ˶˻Ķϣɤͣ˵ҪιȻ׳

£¾Сֲ˲

ܿ죬˱Ķ뿪

¾᲻֪仰˼ֻû뵽Ȼھ¡
ʾҲãʾҲã˵˲ٴΣҪιˡ

¾֪˼ҲûʲôϲųĸоԷŻӦǸá֣ҲǶˡ
ʵҲţǲϲ;ιǲҪ
¾û뵽ʱȻʼʾвˡ

¾룬ٲӦûӾͳˡ

һǲιˡ

£˺Цˣ磺ԡ

                        
лҪ˵¾ǳˣ㡣
֣ģmaoͬîһ
ʱǡġʮ֮һԢã
жӦҲʮࡣ

40

¾Ɗ, ʱٳ, ·;ʱض˺Ҳ
Եʱź, ¾￴šҰ촫

Ե˺һ𿴡
Ҳûг˼
ֱӽʱˣ¾
¾, ѯʣ㲻ȥӪ𣿡

ʱѳȥ˾Ӫ, ¾ٿˡ

Ӧ

Ĳ
¾Щɵؿһ, ûٿڡ

ʱѾڸˣ¾ʱò, , ˡ

̧֣е˹ȥһԵϣͷûʲôػӦȥɡ

ɤʱޱ飬ʱûʲô¾ȥˡ

¾룬ͻȻͷĴ, ڶŨؿ¾ŵһЩظ

Ҳ˱־롣¾ֵ

ܾ, ŵ߰ɡ

˵գȥ

ѾȺʱˡ
˼˳˵ƺһˣΪû·ˣ߳㱧ŷ˾ֱ

Ҳ¾Щ⣬ҲЩ롭
ƺ֪ʱ룬˳ʣǴ棿

¾룬Ӧ⡣

ԣ˵˵ͷҲȥǡ
£߰ɡ

ԣʻ

Ҫǣ
֮ǰû˵ѽ

ʲôҪҪ𣿡

Ӧ

ԣ¾ŷҪҪͺã¾Ļᵢ¡

ʻھǣյľǵ֣Сߺϣ͸ڡ
ֵҲˣﲻ

¾Ҫƿһƴ⣬ƺͲͼְ˴ϡ

¾˾ûƿ

һñͷϣŵɡ

ҪҲҪһɴˡ
¾̧ͷϵñɴЩɵȡ𣿡

ԥܡ

ԣ¾룬ͷá

ȡͲȡҲûʲôġ

ֻ¾һƿӳıһС̷̷һԹһҿá
¾һȻвϣյľ̿
ǿһñͨ죬Ϻֱð˲ȻһǶζĿ顣
õζҲ˳΢Ʈ¾

һĻ¾ͻȻ뵽ƊպҲҿá
˵ζ
˼ۣ㽥ʻ룬ٿˡ

¾Ҳӡ

˵ͬʱڶʣˡ

¾Ӧ

¾Ҳûбֳκ쳣ȴһ۱֪Ȼͣٱʣʲô

ƶſ

¾ԥҪҪ
룬ȻҲ֪
ôһ룬¾ֱԣá

£˵ĵЦ
¾˹ȥȡñսʣô

ÿô

¾ʵǿÿͦóԵģҲ㣬ټƊǿƼ¾мȤ
֪ô˵ˣָõֻӡ

¾ҡҡͷҲӦǺûǲá
ҲûʣˣСЩԽСףŵĲҪ𣿡

¾Щ˼·ڿУת

á¾Ɗ㲻㡣

ô벻ֻǻǲġ
ֻҪһ뵽Ҫ˵һǸŮˣʵ÷衣

ȥˡ˵󣬡òã

Ļ˵ȥͲȥˡ

¾ûڻӦ˾Ѿҿˣֵȥɡ

¾

¾һˣ㣬ȻЩֻۣο
ʵҲԣǰͽ¾ȷˡ


¾˺ܾøôοŻ֣صֻϲġ

ϲˡ
ġ

仰˵Ķϲ
˵彩Ӳòƺȷϣģ

¾ͷġ

Ѿ޸ˣϲҲС

ҡ
ͻȻȥ

¾ЩԥͿ˿֬

ȴΪǲԸ⣬ɫЩ˵ϲ𣿡

¾ãʱ˵ϲˣ
һ˲㷴Ӧ˵Ļˡ
ʱִҪ¾Ҳܸˣʵϣ¾ԼҲ˵ĵ׵ĸо
ֻܵͿ˿֬㣬ᡭ

¾Ļû˵꣬㱻ˣ˵û¡

¡

¾㣿

ƺԥһ˲ͷ

ʵϣ¾Ͳ
Ϊûã˿û˼
ȵ˳̣¾ѱ׵ˡ
֬Ҳûˡ

¾Щ̧һĴϸɾ˿
˿¾룬ûп֬ǾǱˡ
ҲҺùŴĿ֬ǴȻģ϶ʻģûʲô


ˣū澿ƊСˡ

ʵϣ˻ԥſڵġ
ĸԳΪƊСѾˣƊСʹۿԽԽ
ɷ˺ͽϣһƊСˣײϽ

ԣ¾æԵˣȥ

£¾ѾƊ
ȴ˿

¾û˷ӣֻĴףС

С˺á
ˣˡ

¾ͷ

߰ɿ߰ɣ

ԽУȴŲæֽ¾ΪҪˣϣֵ㡣



¾ҡҡͷ˷

Ҳ֪ʱܻظûоʱ̫ýӡ
ֲˡ
״¾ֻܻӦá

˵գֵñϡ

¾ЩԥȴǹԹԴˡ
ת

Ɗ࣬إͣҲ࣬Ɗֻܿƺƥٵشˣûܿ˭

ƊҲû࿴ȷ¾Ը

¾㡣

¾ƿ㿴Ɗ

һ𣿡Ɗµ

¾ͷ

ԣƊϲ⣬ǻϲ
źƊ

¾Ɗķ뿪ʱλϣһ˿ĪĹӿͷȻ͵Ĵ
ִֻǱ׽飿
ֵֹ֮ġ
ʱñƊ쳣
¾Ҳ룬ҺñȻƊ
ʵƊǿҲûϵ¾ܾЩΪ飬ԲŴߴߡ

Ɗһע⵽¾ñЩ¾㣬ôñ

¾֪Ɗ˼ϴñ˭Ƕһ١
ñ£¾Щ죬Ҳֺףɤȴǵշ󡣡

ԣƊ㶮ˡ
¾ӹܴ磬ͷҪ

ԣ¾ЦЦ

ܿ죬Ɗֵ¾㣬

¾Щɻ󣬡һ

Ɗҡͷǿɲһ

ĽǶǶʯ찵ˣҲܺá
϶̵㣬ںڣҲġ
һܾ£Ϊġ

˵˲һȴû˵ﲻһ¾Ҳû룬ΪƊܿҵ⡣

¾㣬㲻֪Ҷ챻ҵˡ

¾

ҵҲ֪ô£ҿҽ飬ҶΪγҲҪ͵͵أ

¾Ϊ͵͵ģƊЦŽͣģҲ͵ܳġ

Ҹҵ˵ǲҳҾͰЩҽ鶼ˣͲұˡ

¾

ʵϣԭ
ǹʲô£̫ҽԺ̫ҽǰҹٽˣ̫ҽԺԺʹȻҲڡ
⼸ûܻعȻܲ



˳⣬·㲻義ôƽҲЩ
ܿ죬㵽Ŀĵء

ǸרƣԲʮﶼǡ
羰ܺãСϪˮлľרͤˡ
ƸۡЩ˹ֲķ羰ӣܸ˼ֽӲ
˵ǴȻģҲûоִȾһ߽ƺ̤һƬɫأƬвɫĵ׺Ŀ

¾һֱȴδ

Ɗǻϲ¾㣬ɡ

¾ͷ

ֻǸһһʻͣǵԱߡ
Ɗע⵽ˡ
ϵ

ڿ˺ƊЩȣ󿿽¾С¾㣬㿴ǲ¸ĶС㣿

¾˳߿ȥ

㡣

                        
лҪ˵Сճڻ룬ҵĵ豸ܵºжá
ºƪĿ϶ˣҾܸƪĵݣͲÿдˣپ͸٣˵򣬴һӣ򶼲⣡
Ҫң

41

Ҳǡ
ڿƊʱ, ޱƿ, ֻǵĿƊһԴñŮʱɫ˱, ΢С
ܾôŮЩ죬򿴲, ԽһϤС

㱾ϸ¾ܿջ, ߰ɡ

, Ɗֲ࿴˼ۣڿ۵׵ʱƊȥ, Ӹɾվ¾, ڵסĿ⡣
ˣ¾մñǸ¸ĶСӦǻûϳ¾㡣
Ɗż¾̬ȣ֪֮²ô򵥡

ƊûжʣоǵӵĿ⽥ʧ֮Ɗſ첽ߵ¾ԣ飺¾㣬ȥСϪ߰ɡ

˵СϪкܶ㣬вǵأƊֵ

¾˵ͷ, 

ƊﲻٴˣȻ֪СϪ߸ôߣûôӱҵСϪ
ԽӽСϪ, СݱԽԽ󣬳Խïʢ
ˮֲҰ׳
µҲԽԽʪ

Ɗ뿴СϪߵ˱߽
СϪԱ˲µͦɾ

ۣ㡣

Ɗʱ϶ȥı𽼵Ƭ÷֣СϪضҲһΡ
һΣΪͬƊһŮӲԸӽСϪߣƊҲû߽ơ

¾ƣˮﻹвС㡣

Űɴ¾ֻܿˮƺкӰڴܶȴʵ
¾룬ְ̧ñµİɴƿ
ϪˮȷвС㡣

Ǵա¾

Ɗ⣬ѯʣôˣ

ѣСࡣ

¾ûнͣΪƊҲʣʱѾСϪ߶ַϪˮȥС㡣
СϪԵǳ˲ˮݣҲвСߡ
ֻƊָһˮȥС㶼ˡ

ԹΣƊ˶顣
ƊѾǰΪƊ֣ƊЩʧ䡣

¾Ɗź¾㣬˵С㳤òſԳɴ㰡


¾ԥˡ

Ɗܿһشˣ˵գӦõЩСͳɴˡ

ԣ¾ЦЦ룬ӦҲҪôá
¾֪ΪͻȻ뵽С㳤ɴ㡣
ѲΪС㳤ɴЩܴ

ܿ죬ƊӦˡ

ǵ´ץȥ㡣

ҷƹˣˮ㻹ЩСܳԡ

¾ʱŻȻŰ̽ˮУΪ˶㣬Ϊˮµжܲܳԣ

Ɗ¾ɷµؽܣ˵𽼵ϪˮǸȪˮζرá

ԣ¾ȻʧЦ

ġƊᶨҵȥСϪɽȪˮ

⣬һɽСϪԴͷɽȪ
˵ƽûиɽСϪҪô֧Ǻ
ҪôأԴͷȷڸɽҪ˳СϪ֪ɽȪˮ·;Զ

¾뿪ڣ㴫˵˼·

Ǿưɣǰˡ

Ůӵ
ŮӵԹƻвŮӣΪĻ£ŮӸŷϡ

ǰҿɲЬŪˡ
˵ŮɤԵ

ŮӳˣѯһŮӡ

㣬˵أ

ƊŮ˵ЬŪ˼ֺ󣬱ʶһۣ¾Ь涼ɸɾһ˿ҳ

డƊջС¾˵û꣬ôܰЬŪࡣ

ƊĻ£˱ƺŮӿġ㡱ˡ

ɤ񣬡ڴ˴Ҳɡ

˼߽

ʱһŮӵ𣬲ɤС

ﲻŮ߽𣿡

߽ͦơ
Ļ£˻Ӧ

ܺͷ𣿡

㽫ȻܱЬܱȵģ

Ɗʱ͵͵ۡ

Ů֡

Ҳǰʱ䱻ϴͻ޸ӵŮӡ

Ɗֻ˼ۣǿʲôЩ𾪣С¾㣬¸ĶС㡣

¾Ȼ֪ΪȺ˵ı㡣
С˵Ůӣƺλˣûټ˵

ŵĲȺŮֿʼЦ̸Ƭضǵ

㣬ģ

ÿ

۵׵ЦŨͼֽȥ㷻ġ

⾩¸㷻

ۡ

Ůƺϡ߽ޡ

ֲҴûмʽΣԭģǶһ޶ġ

Ư

㣬ãңմλȥġŮӵ

ܺͷ𣿡

㣬Ҳͦÿ

ƺӦʲô¾ûˣΪƊں˵

¾㣬߰ɡ

úõ鶼ˣǳˣϪˮҲˡ

¾ͷ

Ɗ֪ȺŮ˾Ŷһ²һ£¾Աߡ
û

Ҫˣ

ǾߣƲǰɣƣ˭ѽ

¾ñûϳȴϳƊ

ӴⲻƊ𣿡

Ů߽͵ǰЦҲڣƊɲкһ߰

ǡ˵껰ŮӵĿ¾ϡ

ƊǰһסĿ⣬ʩᣬʲô

ƊǰŮһ᲻ԸΪΪһй
ÿʩܻǺ˵ЩĻ
Ɗÿζȴġ

ʩЦ˼Щ̶ĿɨӹȺϷŮˣʾʲôջ˵ģôǽãкѡ

οҲڣ㲻ɮҲÿ棬ǰɣ

ƊȻ֣ȴδ˵һ仰Ҳ˵
Ϊоһ۾Ͳ
ȺŮˣ۾ͷϣֲ浽һ

ʱһֱע¾ǿʲôȻս
ʩҲһֱעƊԵŮӣһ飺Ɗ˭ѽصô

Ɗ¾סǰһ뿪ڣȴһ֪˭

˵Ŀ⿴¾Ҳ˹ȥ
ͻȻЦˣǰߣĿҲԽԽݡ

ѽ㽿Ц˵ǡ

㣡

һͻͻȻĻ
ͬʱҲڳŮӾ㵣Ϊ
˵ڳĴδŮӣʱˣȴҲʶ˹ȥ
ĲֹһˣԥСӡ

æ밲Ҳվμԥμӡ

Ɗͣվܼˣ
̧ȥǸ˵п˫Ķӣǰ㱻һſס

㻹ǵ𣿡ԥǻϲ

ƊعæǸ밲

μԥ

ԥذ˰֣񡣡

ԥһ򲻾ڣڴ˵ԥ˺ȣֻû뵽ӽվȻԥһ

ʲôԥѯʡ
ʱԥҲ˴˵вŮˡ

ŮӸӦԥע⵽ƊԵŮӣϸƣǷ˾ϲ͵سСɩӣ

һСɩڳ˶𾪲ѡ
ӡ
˼ԥСɩڻ˭ʱԥ߽Ůǰ
ǴñŮӡ

СɩӣҲڣ

¾ĬĬ룬ԥܺá
㶼ע۲òϳԥȻֻһ۱ϳˡ

¾ָ񣬡μԥ
ñƺԥվһӣ¾μӡ

ɽԥСɩӲض񡣡

СɩǺһ̤𣿡ԥֵ

һ
Ɗǳ˳顣
ڳŮҲƊһ뷨ԥ²̫á

¾Ҳջط롣
ȴûлӦʣԥҲ̤ࣿ

ǰ

£ȻĴй䡣
˵ôܲ

ԥڣԽ˵Խ࣬ڳĴ඼δŮӣоס
Ҳû˸ҿԥ뿪
ڣ񿪿ˡ

塣

ɤԥˬʿ˼ʺͳȡ

ǰһվԥԣֶ÷¿һҾ¥Ȥ

ȻС

ԥ¶ʱ¥С

ԣ˱֪ԥҪˡ
Ȼԥһ仰СɩӣҾˡ

¾ףʶŵ

˵գ˱תˡ

ֻͦԶԥͻȻͣת˻¾ƊСɩӣҲʶ·˴ȥɡ

𾪣ԥʶ·

¾룬֪ԥΧԥá

ֻ¾ЩɣԥŶûпκô뿪󷴶ˣ֪Χ

ƊҲ˿ˡ
ԶȺŮˡ

㿴¾ȥıӰҧ裬¾ƾʲô
ƾʲôԥҲ

Ůӵѯ㣬㷽˵֪˭˭

ŮҲӦѯʣѽ㣬ǣŮ˭

ջۣڡ



һ·СϪЩˣ¾ͣ

лԥ

ǰԥҲͣ˲ӣЩΣһ䣬￴ó
˵Ů˲٣Ů˵˼ȴ

СɩӣҪллɡԥɴ

·ϣ¾Ѿϸϸˡ
Դʱԥԣ¾⣬̹ʵллӡ

ƊҲŵл

ɤͬԡڴ֮У֮͡

¾δӣ֪ӹȻ紫һ㣬ǫ˳
ôţ¾ֵοж

£ͻȻͣһ˲¾ƺЦһ֡

ԣ¾һͬʱо˸
ǰ
¾ñķ϶˿
ôţоĴס֣һ˲䣬ɤ

ӡ

ĵ¾Ȼ
¾ȴܾƺͶʶʶѾãвǳԨԴ
ټ϶ӷԵġж
¾룬ĸоӦû

ԥЩϲ֣ҲҪȥ¥𣿡

һһڳ˶ƺһ˲
ƊûбסЦ˳
ܿʶϲԣԥֱĿ£ŵƊæǶ¾
վ¾ǰġ
Ɗʱʮְȫ

ԥĿȻҲȻֹ
ԥƺҲ˷˿Цˡ
ߺɲ֪ΪΣʱЦԥȻ˼ܸ߳С
ǺˣҲεʧ

Ǹ㲻˵Ҫȥ¥ȥȥ

Ӧȥ
˵գ㿴ģЦǡ

ûѯǷҪȥ

˺ܿתˡ

ƊҲܿһָо
Żаȫеĵطʱֻ˿ӽŵ
Ɗһ̧ע⵽űվ¾ǰˣʱѾתĿ⣬ץ¾ϡ
ŵƊæɿ

¾㡭ˡ

˵꣬Ɗת뿪¾ƊѾԶˣйĶӵĸо

״¾ȻֻعͷЩεضǰ˵۸˼С

ñ¾Ҳɫоƺ˺ܾãųûС

ûУ
ûƊôἱҴˣ
Ķӡ

¾ЩЦҲô⡣
˵Ҫ죬¾ѯʣ°𣿡

ӦûС

㡭

ʣظ䣿

¾룬һˣ䡣

˵Ӧ¾ûᲽֵ𣿡

һ¾˲佩ӲԺҲʱҲ˵֡
ʱڸϣ뱧Ҳûϵʱڱ𽼣컯գв˵ĵطô̹Ȼʳ仰

¾ľˣɼɫ¾֪˵˵
ΪƺѾ˶ŵ¾æߡ
¾ŵ߶Ӻá

¾ֻ֪ô˵Э
Ǹ˵ز̫ܾٶ¾վǵͷǽˡ

ƺҲ룬Ӧá
ɻ£ֲĽһ䣺˾͸ҡ

ԣ¾ĬĬ룬ǾԲ۵ġ



ʵ֤ǰճֵЩûã¾Ǻ𽼡
ֱ¾ûͨôţ

Ҳ֪ƊظûС
뵽¾ĵ׵ĵĸ˴ʱˡ
ȥԺʹƣƊûлظ𣿡

е㲻ġ

¾Լ˵ģ뵽ʱϣȥȻᱻ֪ȻˣֱӸȥ

ûӦǰñȡ

¾ڽӴһǼ䣬ͻȻ׿һԲſڱҧĴϣѾ˺ܾãǿᣬء

߼Щ¾ѾüβСҧϣ¾ᵽζȴһֱûɿ
ţ¾ͱϡ

ͻȻ¾û׼һֱһûһ¾оЩϢ
˲ˣĴ˱
¾ܺˡ

ãͣһ仰Ժ׼ߡ

¾ڻ仰˵£뵽˵ӦСϪʱԥǸ顣

һ磬˵¡

ʵڵ֪˺¾ĵһӦǴ²Ͼʱڳԥж
¾ǣ֮Ȼһֱû¡
¾ȴΪ뵽˵Щ
ϲԣĵȴı¡
¾ڹʱҲĲɡ
룬Ȼһἰʱ¾˿

ǣ¾㽫СϪ߷¶ϸϸظҲԥ¸

ȫ̶ʮְ¾˵˶ã˶á

ʵ¾֪˵Щǰȫ֪
ûпڣΪϲ͵ӡ

¾ò״ͷβ˵ˣȻڴߵˮ
ɤӺ¾һ£ڵҽһֱñ

ûȡ

ŮӵĴϻմˮģͻȻŵ֪

Ϊñ˸˺ԶĲѹͷı塣
뵽·˵ѣĵ۵׸ֳ˿壬ɫȥ

¾ǲϣû̧㿴һ˵ɫ
ֻʶӦŶ

ŮɤͷĻ
ֹۣĿϧ鲻Խֵ캬סĴ뽫븹С

¾ЩͻȻֿʼˣ˵ǻֻΪ˸ôñҲͦõģڷ絲ù飬ܺá

ˡ

¾ĬĬذѽĻȥ
ΪԸо⻰˵֮˵ࡣ

׹˺¾ƵԺñ

¾ûʲôͷá

£һɾ׵֮С
м

ֱȵϢһһεشĺϣϵĳһԸоš
¾ʶʲôŵæǲԵȴһѹ̶סԴͷ
һΣһ׼

                        
лҪ˵ӦûжˣΪһٺ١

42

¾Ȼûܻ, ҲܸоԵƺ̵úࡣ
һ˵Ļ, ¾֪ģͻȻѿڶ, ܡ
¾ͣҧҧ, еĻЩݣȴǵ˳ڣҡҿԵġ

ѼΪ, ЩͲӱܡ
ֻ֮ǰһֱǿȹ, ¾Ҳ֪
Ϊ֮ǰ¾Уһİˣе, ϵķ, ûи顣

ɴʱͬ¾ȻԸţȴòϣԴʱ˸顣
ݸûϲôִţ¾ų׽ϲ׽
ûϲ
ʱ˺¾ͻȻͻȻʣ¾յķҲɢ

¾̧, ̶סԴ֣ȻûܲŬԼԸ

, ˵Ķġ

ĸԸġ

ŮСּᶨ˵ΪЩ߳ܵĻ⼸仰˵꣬Сͨ죬ȴǼƫͷ

Ȼͷİѳֲס

ƺǾòڣֿڻ

һͻͽȼյϣľס˼£ܣĻĵȴϲ
Ըġ
ų

ڣ¾ֿڻ˼Ե͵ذλϡ

¾֪ôˣֻɲ׼ǴȦס

ôˣ

ãƺ̾ŵ㻹С

¾֪Ϊô˵ʮߣִ˵ȷСʮ˵ĹŴôС
ûгޣʮڹŴǴʣŮˡ

¾ǲ֪ҽʮˡ

֪˵ʹҽҽ˵ͬһꡣ



¾㵣ʱʵҽ

ϴη纮

ԣ¾Ĭˡ
Ժ룬󲻵ѯҽʱı顣
֪˶ã¾޿ڣҽ֪ǡδͬ

¾ֻڵģӣ᲻ǴֱѯҽǷͬ
Ͼҽ֪ܵǻδͬ
¾պ󶼲֪ôҽˡ

¾Ȼǵ͹ŴҽŮǷѾͬɵ֪

һ¾󲡣º˺ܶӵ¡
ҽڿʣ㽫¾ӵ״Ϥ
ֻĴӲ¾ˡ

ҽ˵˺ܶ࣬ᵽַ纮ʱҪ
¾֪ЩҹҹĥǼ¾֮УͬѰģ
뿪벽Ϊģûʱʱţ᲻ʲô⡣
Ĳϸ룬ֻá

ҲΪ¾Ǵδ֮ĵ̬ȱʮǿӲζ


һΪͬƊǱ̤࣬¾˺ܾãòŮˣ
Ϊ¾һֱΪ˵ռ˽ġ

ʵ¾ֻϸ룬ܲǰ̬ȵı仯
ǰҲûг¸ȥ˻ʹ
ȻҲ˵Ҫȥ¾ɿˡ
һΣ¾зӶˣ˵˼գתƻ⣬Įӣûͬ
̬ʮǿӲ

Ǻ¾´̼ǲܵ

ʵ¾֪˵ռȻУģǺǲߣô졣
Ѿ߰˲ˣǲġ
һѾǣȴǽ·һԣ˻

¾֪ΪʲôͻȻĬȴоԽԽصա

¾ôˣ

˻񣬡û¡

Ȼ쳣¾룬¾ģû¡

֪¾ֵʱͬУꡭҲУûϵġ
˵ŮΪ˱Լ̬ȣᶨģ

ⷬɹɢĵ׵۵ƲסЦ⡣

¾֪ʱȴû˵Ҳû¾˺ܾãֻȵֱ
¾룬Ҳûпˡ

˽¾ƊΪˣԱԸߵȥԺʹơ
֪˽ĹֻˣطˣѾȥˣ˵ƊСѰȫظ

ԣ¾˵ͷˡ



ڶһ磬¾֪һϢ
˵вŮڱ𽼱ҧˡ
˵лжߡ

һʱ֮䣬ԭȥ̤ҲЪ˼
Ͼʱֵգ߶ֲ࣬Ҫ

һԵĽ£ա

վȥ˱𽼡
ûߡ
ң˵ҧĻ϶СϪˡ

뵽ͻȻ绹£ˣū˵¶С㱻ҧˡ

ԣ¾΢㶣㣿

ͷū˵պһЩŮ˴󶼱ҧˡ

ûҧҲŵòᡣ
ЩŮ˵Щֻ

¾˽˵ĻȴͻȻ˼
ҧôŮˣһߡ
¾ԭҲֵգ߶࣬Ҳ⣬ɴʱ˽Ļ󣬸оЩ΢ˡ
ҲȥСϪǵضֵطȻܻߣܻкܶߡ
ͬʱû

²򵥡
¾뵽ĿܻΪ
˭أ

¾ͻȻ˭ѯʣ֪û£

Ҳбϴͻ

Ȼ֪ҡͷ϶Ӧûбҧ

ҲܹĴ¡
ϾӵĻ»һ±Ҫٰˣڴʱˣһϻã»ˡ

˵ߵŮֵ

ԣ¾˵ͷ
֮ôʣΪ룬᲻Ҫıδ
Ҳûпܡ
Ͼ⾩Ҫ޸ӵŮʤǷֳ£Ȼʥּ£ҲûиĶĿܡ

¾ҲֻһʣΪļպȥϰµһˡ
˵ǰ¾ֻҪ֪һ࣬ʱͬԽǽӽգ¾Խǽţͬʱĵ׻ЩΡ

ܿ죬㵽µףȥϰ¡

һ磬¾˹
Եѵû硣
˺ԵҲˡ

¾𣿡

Ĳһۣ컹һƬ谵ȱ¸
ƺ¸߰ûвʱ컹û
뵽Ҳˣ˷ܵʱû˯һ㣬һҹϢʱ

ĵɫЩһѽʱѾŮ˻ϱ죬˯

¾˶С˯š

˯Ҳۣ

˵ɤͳȴʮ׺ݡ

ľЦˣȥһϰ£ôô˷ܣ

¾񲻹ԾĻۡ
ֻǸ˵Լ˯ŵŮӣһûþʹȵĺ

¾˯˺Եȴû˯ǴɫҲԽԽ

                        
лҪ˵
ûжˣǸ

43

¾һʱ, Ѿˡ
ù, ʰ׵Ժ󣬱Ѿʱĩˡ
, ʪůеƲ͸¶, ǽϣڵ, ܿյ

ӽ

Ӵʱ, ϸһ㣬Ҫȴʱܵϰ¡
ԼĪĸʱ·̡
ȻЩѰֻҪ뵽պ, ֪ܵ, ¾ô·;ʲô

ϲβס
ĿЩЦôȥ

ͻȻ¾˼
¾ԥͷȥ

ҲûΪȥ

¾ȴ뵽ЩʲôЩѯʣȥ

˴һͻȻŮӣѯʵ仰Ժ︡ȥ

ʱȥģ¾С̽

¾ţܿԽȥϰµͷѯˡ

Щŵɫӳ, ۣͻȻһӣսѯʣʲô

ôѯ, ¾ŵһ
ɣ

¾ιȥӦˡ

ȥܶΡֵ

ԣ¾˿ŵû£˾ˡ

ֻʣûв
Ȼ¾ûȵģûе֪֮ǰ¾ûǱܣҪ

ʱѾʻ˾ǡ
ҲƽϢ
ϰھɽϣԽ·;϶Ǹɽ·Ȧ
·Ҳ͹ƽ
Ҳҡҡλεġ

¾оĲôǿҡ

¾һֱˣôţϣͦģоҡΣֻ᲻᲻

Ұɡ

ûۣҲûпڻӦ

¾һۣ룬᲻˯ˡ

ֻǵһʱͻȻۡ

ϰǹ£ĺÿǰͽһ·ϣҲвԱʻ
¾ûע⵽
ˣҲû⡣

ֻȴۡ

۵һ˲䣬ͣ

¾⣬ӵ



ԣ¾̧ƿӣȴֹˡ

ơ

¾ͣ˶
ƺҪ£ȥһˡ

¾ͷ



¾ش
룬˴ʱǿǵ˴æ·ҪҪ
Ȼˣܲȥϰ£
ǲȥˣܲȥ
¾Щġ

ܿ죬˱

¾۲ɫ˵ɫǳǿκ¾ȴ֪²ô򵥡
ûп֮ǰ¾ѯʣҪҪ𣿡

ûԥһȥ

ȥ

ɴʱѾߵ·ˡ
дһʱܵϰ£¾ôܻȥ

Ҫ¾ȥңԼȥϰ¡
¾ͬ⣬ֵģûµġ

ü塣

¾룬ס֣ڴָʱüøˡ

ȥ¾

Ȳˡ

һ仰ΪҪȥϰµ˷ܡ
ʵȥĻһȥ¹شؾ֮ǰ˾Ҫظ
ɴʱĻЩҡ

üĬ¾ȥɡ

˵ɫܳǵһȥ

´ȥϰ¡

¾ҡͷ

һΣƺѾˣûֱظ

ԣֻʹظ

ֿʼ¾ĳȵס
һ·ϾȵɫҲԽԽ
Ѿ˾ˣ¾֪¸Ĳˡ
ֻڴôգȻڰ·ˡ
еܡǺܡ

¾ԼԽԽԼˡ
ҲԽԽ
ʱ֪ʱƽ
뿴Ҳ˵ĵҲû̫˼ɾܡ

Ůһ·϶ʮְûж
ĵСҲԽԽ
ڣʻԼĪһʱ䣬Ŀˡ

ͣ

Ҳ¾Ķϡ
Щ̧

˼˾Щָ⣬ȴֲ
ֻܵҰإ㣬ȥģһҪ˸ߡ

إĵĸҲǰǿˡ

¾ԹԵͷ

УȥϰºҪܣƽȥҵıԺţ㡣

Ժ
¾ɫˡ
ͷ

ˣҧǿԣҲ

˱־롣

¾ͷ

˵˺ܶ࣬һҧĴϣҧǱҪإ˵

Ͱñϡ

ʲô¾إ硣

ǰһ˵ǱҪإ˵
һ仰ȴô˵
¾ûдЦӦá

ڿȥˡ

㲻ԸԼһˡ
ĻҲ¾



·;ȻûзôԶ¾ȴĺܣԽǽӽϰ£¾ɫԽǲ԰ס
ڽȥʱǰͷ˴һ
ɫ԰ףЩģˣȿˮ

¾ҡҡͷ

Ե㶫

θڣû¡

ͺˡ

ڽ·;ҲûԶٹһʱ䣬Ѿϰ¡
ҲƮһ̴ζ
¾ȻԼ˲١

ϰһŷ֦ï˵аꡣ
ͣ˷¡
¾

إظ
ϰһ̨ף˲ʱ򣬻Сɨ
ʱ¾ʱûСɨСӭ

ʩ

¾ס

ʩ㻹Сѯʡ

ϰµܴһԭΪµƴʦ
˵ƴʦƽ飬Ľϰ˲٣Ǿǵˣо;ˡ
Ϊˣÿϰ£Сбѯһ䣬㻹
Խʡ͵ʱ䡣

¾Ӧ

СףҾʩСɮ

ɲֱԺ
ϰ»ģԺװ޵Ŵ󷽣ļ䶼һ̴ζϮ
вɫƽκθꡣ
ԴԶ˳ķš

Сд¾ȥԺһſͣ

ʩƷɱڴ˵Ⱥ򣬴ﴦŮͳ󣬱ڡ

¾ס

Сתȥ

¾ûȶãȽյķŴ򿪣ܿ죬һ˴˳
¾ûǸҲûܿñ¾ݣĿҲͣһ˲󣬱תơ

¾Ჽ˽ȥ

̤żʱ¾ȴͻȻͣ˲ӡ
ƺЩΪѡ
Ϊʱ¾󲻹Ž񣬻إ

Ȼ˵إһҪߣɴʱʦô˽ȥ᲻Բף
ҷǸҲһڣѾ߶⡣

¾ûԥãһ
ܴºͣһ˷

ʩɡ

إ

ƺ֪¾룬ǵ

֮Ҳһͬڡ

ԣ¾ԥᲽ˽ȥ

Ӳ󣬳򵥣һһΡ
һϺ˫֮ϣݴ飬δЦȴʡ
¾˵ƴʦѽˣʱһݣƽǸʮˣɫܺãȲ
ȣװģǾºĲ꣬Ǳƽ͡

֪Ƿ󣬲ʱڼ¾ҲԾһɾη֮顣

á¾ȡñ

ƵЦʩ

¾ǰ

ʩƽġ

ǡ¾Ӧ

ƵΪ˭󣿡

ΪԼ¾ֵŮķ

ˡ

Ƶɤ緽ǰƽºͣ¾һܶ󡣡

¾Щɻ

״ƽ͵ʩֻһ

ǲͬʱ
¾Щԥ

Ҳص¾ڡ

ã¾ſڵǷڶ

Ƶ۵ЩЦ⣬ҡͷܡ

ԣ¾Щź

ƴʦƽһֻһɶ
Ȼ֪ΪΣǴʦһֱĹأû˿ơ
ʦ˹涨Ҳԭġ
ֻ¾ʱȴΪˡ

ʩΪ˭󣿡ʡ

ȷţƻڣȻˣĲΪʩָ·

¾̧

˭󡣡

¾⡣

ƵʩʹǿңʧҲֻأҴʩвٹ㣬󡣡

˻¾ͷ
ǿңʧҲֻء
ǿ֮ˣ
ִ˺ڹŴˡ
ȴûڴ˻϶ͣ¾˼䡣

ƺͣһ£żʩķ󡣡

Ϊʲô¾ѯʡ

¾Ϊ緽һ㣬ϸϸ˵

ȴЦЦʮº͵صʩķ£ĵƽҲֻǱˮнЧ

ʲʲô˼

¾üⷬЩ¡

ʩġƻĵ˼ʩķ񼫸ߣ໤ĵƽ

춼סˣƽȻûá

ԣ¾ŷ
Ȼ̫ƴʦ˵ֻⷬҪȷ±ɡ
ȻƴʦѾ˵¾Ҳûͣ

¾˳ȥվһԵСѯʣʦΪȰ˵Ǹ˲Ҫ

˲٣ƺõģҲƲõġ
ƺõģһŷȥҲܽƲõģһŷȥֻѡ
кβã

ЦЦˮ磬Ůӵ㣬ǿַأＫط



¾ϰ¡
ʱѾˣ㾶ֱׯʻ

¾ʱȥ·Ҳƿ̽ŲϤ·;¾ȴһ˷
ĵƸоһĶڴἴĵط

񣬸ӡ

ĳ˺

áӹȥ

¾ӣһһذԼĽźѹȥ
ʹԼƽ

ׯϰ£Űʱ㵽ˡ
إ

ˣׯˡ

仰¾Ҳ֪ûֻ֪ԼƺЩӲ
Ϊ뺦£ֻΪڴ˷ܡ
ռԺ

òֿڻ˼ˣˣ

¾ŻѹԼƽɡ

֮⣬һ
¾ζƽ

á


ƿС¶˳ˡ

¾ڳƿʱѾ̧ľֻһۣ¾ۿƲסزһֱźҲü˷ܡ



¾츨ĵҲĵĺҺʪ
ǵϮԿơ
¾Ҳơ
ͷԼ뼤ϲ֮С
һǵ֪ɣֻǸмҵ˵һĶˡ

һֱжֿڻһˣ

ˣ

˼żͻȻۿ΢죬ɫȴ򶨡
˵ǻظ

ȲˣھҪظҪ
ʣǲǵǰϰ¾ȹһˮŮӡ
ǼǵãΪβ
˵Ѿǵþȹˣֻǲǵþȵ˭
֮¾̫ĻʣȲˣھҪظ

ܲڸϣûϵͻظ
ܼ֮ڱׯӡ

û뵽ͻȻҪظʱظȻǲɵġ
ʱѵʱͷѾˣҪظ·ϵʱͺˡ

ˣʱɫһظ

¾ҡͷᶨھͻء

¾ûôеҪһ˵ʱ
Ȳˡ

ЩΪѣһԵإ硣

إǰһȰ˵ˣԸˣ÷ڱׯϢʱ˵ؽӷ˻ظ

ԣ¾Ҳʱ˵Ļ
Ҫھͻظ

˼ᶨҪʱظإ粻òˣǲΥʱͷ˻ظģ½⡣

إĻ£¾˺ܾãȷǳ嶯ˡ
ص̾Ǻã͵ӡ

¾˱ׯ

ׯĹ»λϲڿ¾󲢲⣬ǻ˳ƺ

ˡ

¾ס

ׯвˣ֪ˣǰ밲
ׯĹϲׯ԰ӣҳˣūȥժЩ

ʯӡ

¾ûʲô˼˻£ǿ˻Ӧϲ
ϲȥժˡ

¾һȥ˵ˮʱӣ¹ѡ

ᳵ·ƺʮϤЩɻ󣺡ˣ𣿡

¾û

ԣ𾪣˺ʱ

ǰ

ǰ

룬ƺʲôͫ׷Ŵ󣬡ˣա

¾ûٻӦȴ֪ûв´

ǰղع¸
һΣ¸ȥϰ㡣
һȾ˷纮ҽӽˣķ˱մȾˣԷ˾ûǴһѾߡ

ɵڶգϺ㶼Ѿ¸ˣȴûеȵ˻ظ
ֻ˵ɢˣҲϰѰûѰˣԱȻظƿǷѾظ

ľΪѹûлظ
οϰ·;ԶôܶԻظ

ֻǽû뵽¸˾ȻͲҷˡ
˵ѾҹҵҲʧڡ
һ¸

ֻһѾߣûзӣֻ͵͵ȥϰѰˡ
ɻû߳ǣ㱻¸ץסˣ񱻴˰Ӻؽ񷿡

գÿնڵȷ˵ϢԽ棬ҲһȥҲΪѾ˲⣬ýֻǣպĻˡ
һֱţ¸˵ڵ֪˻ظʱʧ

Ҳǽղ֪ԭׯ
ô˵˺ͽʶ

¾֪ʱʲô꣬ºظ֮󣬲ûнշ߽
ӳ嶯֪㽫Щ»һʱ嶯»¡
£Ψһ˵dҲһĸŮĿŵĸŮܻס

㣬¾ȴһֱš
лᣬ¾顣
ҲƵ¾ֶΣǺڼȥ¾ְ˰ȵ
ֻ¾û뵽ٴ



ɫֱĻƬء

¾ùź󣬱һֱϴҲԡ
ڵ
¾˽Ȼ˵Ҫһ
ǲǽ¾Ҳ֪ܾ

ֱҹһæ˱ׯ

ˣ´÷˽ϢĪҪ

˻¾֪ܹܲˡ
Ĵæ¾ģʲôҪ𣿡

ǡ

ʵϣʱѾھˡ

¾ͷҲûȣתطϢˡ

إһֱŽԵڶ¾ûܻؾ
ֱգ¾̬ǿӲظ
һգ˷ҪظҪإҲԥһ˲˷˻ظ

¾˻ؽ
һˣ¾ĺܡ
ʱ¾֪ԭձжô
ܲ

һ·¾֪˶ٴΣò׵˾ʱ¾ѾһϢɫʮֲ԰ס
յϰµǸʱ䣬Щ˽ʱչʱ

¹ܼҺͷ⡣

¾

ˣˡ
ɫ԰ף¹ֵܼҪūȥУ

¾ҡͷӦ£Ϣձɡ

ԣ¹ܼס

¾ȥ

ֻǷɫȴԽԽ֡
кᣬȴֲ̫ÿڣֹʮΪѡ

¾ˣʣϿɷʲô£

ͳ¹ܼⷴӦû¡

ԥʼɫףŵȼٸ߷ˣɴʱ˿ѯʺ󣬷Щԥ
ŷ˳綼֪֪˵ϴһ㣬ͻȥ
ǣ迪ڵˣ輧

ԣ¾Ĳһ١
ĳ¹ܼҺͷҲͣĬ

ȴͻȻʼЩڣôʱ͸߷ˣõȷ˻˺ᡣ
ʱķȻûʲôӦˣС԰ףؿڽϣ۲ѡ

ã¾źԼ
أ

ջظ뾩ˡ¹ܼһӦ

                        
лҪ˵˫һûж
ҲӦòŰ

44

뾩

¾, ⡣

뾩ˣ
ΪʲôͻȻ뾩

뵽մҴ·Ļ, ¾ͻȻֻǴ¾ʱȥʱ, һֱȴѾˡ
إ

¾ջ, ԸŷЩԵģЩ

һ, ¾ûܽʳ, ʱǻ
ʲô¶Ҫ
¾ȳԱ˵

ŷҪţæȥŷ, ԸŷʦЩ嵭ʳ

ŷ˲ٵʳ, ¾һ࣬ûʲôθڡ
ǿԼЩزˡ
㲻ٽʳˡ

ȻԵĲ࣬¾Ըо˲١
Ҳô

ùźƽ߽
ˣ輧

ڷ˻Ժʱ輧ҲԺҪˡ
ͳ¹ܼҶ˵˴ʱţĪҪ˷Žȥ˷ŵ, ƽһֱûͨŷš

˵ĵģ¾ƽˡ
˵ͷɡ

ƽ輧߽ӡ

ūӨѩ, ūӨˡ

Ůӵɤģᣬɫ£ӯӯ밲ʱԴϡ

ˡ

һźɫȹһŰɫȹһޣһȴƫޣзˡ
ò˵Ůӣϲе㡣
ǻ˼ġ

¾ףɡ

Ů

˵ɣΪҪң

¾ɤģһʣŮȴƽ׵ؾһϮŭ

źɫȹŮӨ΢ЩǰӦ¾˻ظūӦǰݼ͵С

ǣǡŰɫȹӨѩӭϡ

˽ūҵĸūȻӦǰݼ

Ŷ¾ЦһȻˣǷΪβڴӭ

һ
û뵽λ˵ĻϬ

¾۵׵Цɢȥˡ

ʱŮĵ׶Щˡ
ڽ֮ǰλˣ˵λ˽ƷԺѧʿ֮Ůʮ֮ǰݣ̻
ΪǸϲ̨ŮˣСܺû뵽ʱһ仰㽫Ǵôֲ

˴ʱҲˣæȥ˵ļǣֻūҳأˡ

ӷԸˣһҪڽʲôֶΡ
Ǳͻȥˣ·һ
֪֮ǰԥŮ˾ͱͻȥˡ
ֻǵʱֻ⽫˹ȻСС˲ʶ壬ء
ȫȻͬ

¾ջۣȥɡ

ȥ

ԣü𾪡
ôȥˣ
˲ţΪǶΪλ˻ͽһ²ǳͽ䣬Ҳôɾȫˡ

˳ٳٲ񿪿ڣЩͷ£𣿡

ԣ֪¡
״ƺӨĵӣû£ڵǽ

ȻҿὫ

ۺйǰǵ˼ǽŮӣһʱ֮Щ£㲻ͣæ˳ȥ

˳ȥŵˣΪβ֪Ǻǵġ

֪Ϊģ¾ƽڣҽʵˡ

ʱûǸġ
Ժ˵ɡ

ϸһƣüۼȷǾݣ񰵵ˣæ˿ҪϢ

¾ͷһʱȷֻϢ

״Ҳ˲ˣæźϴԡ¡

ǧ˼вӵƣ룬¾Ӹһմϴ齣˯ȥ



ڣһ˽ЩϢպ¾ûʡ
ֹ輧ԵڶһԺ밲󣬱ҲûԺ
Ҳ˺ֱˣֻ¾֪ˡ

Ҳһֱûлظ
ǻûлؾ

ֱ¾˯󣬲ͻȻоһϮЩ¾ʶȴƺ׷ݣ¾㣬׷
¾ҲˣԺۣȴҲֻܿһƬڰ
ҹѾȼˡ

ȻһƬڰ¾ȴܸоڰﲻֹһˡ
ƺܽ
¾ȴûио˴һʱ֮䣬Щֲ

ֱĻ˿ڡ

ˡ

Ϥɤ¾Ķ𣬾ߡ
¾һ

ĵ׵Ŀ־Ҳɢȥ

ڻӦ

¾ʶ̧ȥҹˣֻǵ¾ָһ˱ѹ
ű¾ܸоĺ
Ѿ˼ա

ƺҲ֪Լϵĺأ봥ֻؿʳϵϢ

¾۴⣬µĵɢ΢ĺ⣬ʮְ
Ǻʱģ
Ӻ˻֪ˣ


¾˵費Ҫ˽ź

ֻȴеĻ

Ǹ

˵ɤɳƣҲ¾δºͣĻˣ˼š

ԣ¾
ͻĵǸ˼ա
˵ĻҲôҪˡ

¾һ˲ĳĬ

ѹϵ˵ֺҲûٿڡ
һصĺҲỺڽС

ã¾û¡
£¾ԭҪڵĻҪԡ

ҹûκζҲûпڻӦ
˲֪ãʣûʲôҵ𣿡

С

¾ܸоʱۣ֪ǲмûϢˣ¾ҪϢ֮ʡ
ƺȡ

¾Ҳֻڴʱ㿪⼸ģ

ݡ

ݣ
Ѿˡ
뾩ǺԶҪһһҹ
¾û뵽Ȼȥݡ

Ϊȥǣ

ûԥ鰵ԺᣬЩһֱ͸¶ǬԪڿ۾

ǬԪľŴΰսڽڰˣפĸԪɹڹ
ֻ̽Ǳûץڹ
겻򱱣ֻĽȴ֪һ
Ļؾ֮һ롣

˽ԪϢִӾǴˣԴӾ֧ԮľҲãҲգᱻһߡ
ľϢǱ֪һŻʱνӶʹľӽڽڰˣŴΰ̣Ԫˡ

Ԫ֮ûץڹΪڹͲھǡ

ǰհһţһתվ

ȥݽ

𣿡¾Щš

ûС

ͻ˱飬ǰѾ˼ء
ϴ˵Ҳûƭȷ̽˵ڳⷢ͵ĵط

ҲȷûѪζ
¾˿
һ˽ź𣿡

¾֪͵͵ظģ֪͵͵ظǲʲôԭ¾ѯ

ҴҪһˡ֪ҽˡ

ԲܻˣҲ֪Ѿظ

¾̧ǰһ£
˵꣬¾ֵСĵ㡣

̧ס֣¾ƺһ¿ˮɳƵҡ

ںҹ¾ĸĿ
¾Щߡ

ҿ㡣¾С

£ƺһ£ţɤĸˣ䣬Ҳһ¾ϡ

̧ͷ

¾̧ͷ촽㴥Ĵ
ȺסỹҪ빬û룬ѵˮһ˱˼¡
ɿ

¾˯ɡ

ƺڵ˯
¾ԭȰЩõ˯룬¾ˣҲ֪ҪȰŻͬ⣬䵢ʱ䣬Щ˯

˯˳ȥ

إš

Ȼ⼸ղڸϣԸϵȴһ
Ůˡ
Իûإ翪𣬱ͣ˲ӣɤ䡣

ŮŪʱʬȥӵĹ

дһݴӱѳţһȥ

ǡإ׻Ӧ

ֻ˼󣬽ͻȻͣ˲ӣ²Ҫ֪

إӦĵ׻˼Ƿʱֵ𣬱˵򷢳ˡ

                        
лҪ˵жҹ

45

ա

¾, ʶѯʣأ

һԵĽЩ, ɻˣ뾩ûظ𣿡

, ¾ŻȻ͵͵ظģ˻֪
Ŀ, ¾һ䣬Ŷ, ˡ

ȴЦ, ǲ뽫ѽ

Դ֪ǰܾͽʶ˽֮󣬽ѾԺƴ춯ص鰮ˡ
ʱڼ˾Ȼ˽ûظһ£Է÷Ϊ뽫ˡ



¾һ, СҼҵ, һ쵽ʲôأ

ѵҲ£ȥʣˣū澣ǲˣ

ǲˣ
֪뵽ʲô¾ԽԽ졣
ʱԱ𣺡Ѿ뽫˰ɣ

û뵽¾ʱ˼Ȼ˵ķֺȷ뵽
ǣ¾߳ŭˡ

ŲҸ߷衣

һ, Ϊū˵£͹˽𡣡

˽
¾Цˡ
ѾͷĵԽԽˣ˵˽

ƺҲԼ˵Щ, ֵķĹ˽÷ѵæˣū澴ˣû뽫һҲ뽫ū澲˷˵˼
˵ɫԽԽŭæǸˣūȥŷѰû

˵գת˳ȥ

ܳȥĽȴһ㶼¡
ķѪ⣬ƶˣǰķȻ侲ȻܾǰķΪ˻ͬڷϿ
ǲ֪ʱ

¾Ҳ֪ܺʱظ
ȻѾ˾ǣ⼸ˡ
¾Ҳû롣
ֻ֪໹С



ʱ

ʹ߹

һ˼Ҵܽ˲ӴʱѰ֣㼱æӣ󡭡²ˣ

ûлؿţһŮָιѡ
һŮ˶̽Ŵ³ѡ

ڵĻ߽ˣ͵һǹ˵ϣ

ǹƺӦԼ밲˲ϥǵʹæǿͷϴūŸūŸ

ǹ˿ͦúƤһۣʲô£

ǹ˲ΡΡػӦӣƫӨѩӨʬס

ӨѩӨ

ΪЩŮˣذ˰֣Ů˰ˣˣʲôСֵġ

˵⻰ʱһԵŮ˲СĲ˲
ƼˣһĽЦģ᲻ġ

Ů˻һߵı顣

˲²ӿӨѩӨǱȥŮˣǽŵӣӨѩӨǰȥ輧

£ǵЦ̡

˵ʲô

ɫȻˣһƷʱŮˣվ
ɫѿģ

ƫĴϣ˴ɨʱֵġ

ˣۡ

ǡ

ǺǣôĵӣͻȻЦŭֱͷ

ΪӼŭʱȴͻȻ뵽ʲôֹһĨаЦ

İģĺͰˣҸŪͻ
Ȼĺ⣬һݻǲ

˴ϣȥʡ

ҪƣĶƵʹˣʻƫ

ԣǹȴɸءӣūūŻ﷢˼š

ʲôţ

һԵĻǹӹǼŵݸ

ִһ⣬ֻһۣɫ
ϵֱðŵҲڷ֪µĻġ
ִţֻɨ˼ۺ󣬱㲪Ȼζŭ͵ذеֽڵϡ

ģɫࡣ

˲֪ͻȻôˣֱǣرǴʱļŮˣ֪һܿڵϵļš
ԴҲ档

ŭգ߷ĺľ˲ٻƿһŲڹڵϵһŮ˵ıϣŮ˱ȵ͵ڵ棬ϵĻƿƬ壬ŮӼС

͵߿ȥͶ
лǰŮˣͻȻĿڣϳȥ

һ仰Ů˰ȫˡ

ɲ
ţһļ¼š
Ȼ³дֲֻ©

֪β鵽ģȻѾ鵽ˣǾûıҪˡ
ı

ȥ˲飬Ĵʱģ

תֵš

ͣ

ü˼һǵȥɡ

ʱظˣӣĲھǡ

ھǣ
ȥ
֪
Ǹͬģ

ͻȻʶʲôЩңɲ鵽ȥˣ

Ӧ֪

ԽԽңͻȻȥȥ鸮ϣܸ

ֻûܱˡ
ʱ󣬱ᣬͨˣ塣

ܴ֮ҳţҲΪܵպǵǻˣ񾡹룬ԲЩ֤ݱ
û뵽ȻᱻҵϢߡ
ʱҪˮҲû֤ݡ
οʼҲ

Ϣ뾩ǰյĶк󣬲Χڱĸ⣬д侩ǵͼǰ˺
ٱ



¾ڵõ鱻ҵϢʱѾҹˡ
ʱ¾е㵣ģΪʲôظ
֮Բܱ¶ԼѾظϢΪ˶
᲻Σգ

¾˵ȣһֱҹûлظ¾˯ˡ

ʱظģõϢ¹ܼæӭ
ֱīԺԡ£¹ܼұ֪ǲ볳ѷˣרŷԸ˶СЩĪҪ˷Ϣ

ԺҲһֱڰ֮С

ˣ¾űƿһ˲
ڵĺȼ⣬¾㿴һߴӰ
¾ỽ

һߵӰƺ˶٣û˹˼ɣĿ٣߽齱ߡ

ҳˡ

ǡ

¾ڴҹƺڴµıü
漴Ьӣϴ

ʱȻѾڻ谵֣״ĵɫ˳

¾룬ȥ
֮ľѾܽˣ¾ֱܴۣԱûǱ߿

Ҳ֪͵͵ظǹظ
¾ѯʣ𣿡

ţ˵Ļһתٹ㡣

¾һ㶣֮ǰĺµʱֲ¾ϸһı׼΢ǱŲЩ

Ų˺¾ûٳΪˡ
һ˲䣬ͱڻˡ

˱Ժ롣

                        
лҪ˵

46

¾ԭΪ, һμ, ȲѯǷ񻹼ǵǰϰ¾ȹ
ɴļ, ¾ŷ֪ôӺ
ҲǾòôҪˣϾ, Ƿ񻹼ǵã

һҹ, ֹ˼, Ҳһֱ¾ѹĵףδ

ܱҺ󣬱һְ
Ҳʮ, µְ
ԭȵıɱЯˡ

ʱʹ
𽹬Щء
ʺѾĴȥ߹𽹬, Ա˻ؾ

ʺɫܲһԵķҲм⣬ǺЦοʺ

жԴΪأӻ£ԲŲѻؾǡ

ʺô᲻֪𽹬ԭ

ЩһֱѹңĻ²ɹߡ
֮Կ˷֣һΪ, ΪҺԵҲƫԶ׼ҡ
˭֪ܾȻᱻԹ, ͨʱѱң塣

һη֮ûǣһҺӶ˻£ұҲװףҲ㣬ûϲܱһ档

ʺȻҲϷ֣¶Ļȴܱ˿Ҳ򲻿ΪǽΪ˺ǣرǻϡ
ײҪᣬҪϲϲؽᡣ

ʺ֮Ĵȥ߹𽹬ҲΪҪ֣һ·ңʾǵ̬ȡ
Ȼһδλؾ

ʺ󻹴Ӳ㲻ؾܾıˡ
ڷֻһԣΪԼ棬ʺҲ̫
Ҫ֡

ǐֶ£ˣҲٹܣûˡҲָɻ飬Ϊñꡣ

ЩɬӦǡ

ԣʺЦЦķֵ֣ƽʱ㱾Ҳ̽أʮˣض

£ֵɫЩӲȴòڻӦǡ

ʺеΨһŮʮꡣ

֪ʺضǿ׻ʺȻôˣԺҪദ뵽ֵɫ˱䣬ʮų⡣
ȴ¶ֻܻϲϲӦ¡

һߣ߹

ԭΪĻὫЩ֤ݽʣ˼գҲκηȷǼţֻھ
Ȼʱû򸸻ʽҷְѱеĸо治ˬ

ѾնҹŮˡ

Ҳһֱ룬Ϊβ򸸻ʽҷ
᲻ΪҲ˼ɡ

ʱ²͸ĵ뷨ȷģֻ·
ҪôɱҪôշ

뵽ȥŮ˾Ȼɱ˺ͻ޵ҧ޲ɱ
⼸û˴ɱģȻĵˡ
շҲɱˡ
ʹݺֵᷴҧһڡ
Ҳܾôİѱ

Ȼ֪ʲôȴԴС
뵽ʲôͻȻڣ֮ǰڽһŮײˣҲǵˡ

ѯʣʲô

һ˿ӡ󣬵ǲ
ʱúҪ

ߵҲ룬ÿײӵŮ˲٣ͻȻ֣ȷ벻
ɼɫЩͣӴ죺ӣūšūš

ü˰֡
лȥ

Ӽ˾֣

ūšūżˡˡ



ɿ֣ӹڵϡ

ǡǡŬ䣺ӿ˵ǰڲ¥Ůӣ

Ӧ

ԣ˿ǺԺѧʿdڵĶŮ㡣

Ժѧʿdڣ

ۣȢĿdڵĳŮ

ǡ

ǺǡͻȻЦ˳Ȼܴ֣Ǿʹ֡

Ů˹ײ֮ԱţŮĲ٣ƫƫ鲻á
ֻû뵽վȻһϲ



µ죬¶ˣȣ¾Ҳһֱûʲôë
ֻ¡

һ⸱ӵһֱ׼ʱһһΣʱ£ʱ¡
һε¾һʱ͸˴¡
¾ҲУ˼ҩҲû̫ãҲҩԱͣˡ
û뵽£²ͻȻˡ

һʱʱ¾ͻȻԵ˷ľ꣬

¾Щ⣬ѯʣôˣ

ɫЩѿɫҲɨ˼顣

¾Щ飬Сѯʣôˣ

˳Ѫ

Ѫ
ʲôѪ
Ļͺ¾һʾͻȻ˸о
ǡ

¾Ҳеľ꣬ʱӵĸоҲԽԽǿҡ

ˡ

վ¾һԵĽ˵Ѫʱעŷˣʱּ˵ɫԣ֪ǺԵˡ
æ˳ȥԸ׼ˮ´Ӻͺˮ

˵Ŀ⻹ϣ¾뿪ڣͻȻߡ
ǲ֪ô£¾ȴ֪æȥңȥ

Ĳͣü

¾ֻͣˡ
üɫѿ¾ֵˮ

ˡ

Ҳȷˡ
ϵѪζü壬ɫҲԽԽѿ

֪Ůӻˮظһμˮ
ң֪ˮȴ֪ˮʲôʱżϵѪζԽԽŨ
ôһġ

Ҫȥ򴽵˺ܶѪ

ڸء

¾Ȼ֪
֪ԺջѪ
ֻǼٴеģЩЦ

֪

¾ȲԺջѪˡ

Ѿ߱ˮиɾھ¾ֵҪȥϴһ£ٻѡ

ɫѿ¾û£ȱȥ

£ȻЩԥתȥ˾

ʱھѾƼǽŷ˽󣬶Щ޴롣
ҲЩɵۣôˣ

¾ԼǣŴʱ˵ҷڵϣȻȳȥ𣿡

ûлӦ
¾Ҳ֪᲻Ļ˵ȷ˵ϡ

ֻǵ¾һȥûüӦоȹڱ
ǰֻ⧲⿪˫ȣһ˲ҪĿӡ

ľٶŵ¾һæǰסͼ֣˵ڷ

㡭ʲô

̧ƽʱûʲôɫʱ㣬Ŵҿ

                        
лҪ˵ˣرʺ˯

47


¾Ļŵһ

Կ, Ļº, ѾǶԷ˼
еģѾȥˡ
Ҳ˺˼, С糺졣

һĻ¾࣬޵ݡ
ƫ¾оֿʼ, ¾һѰס, ʮּС

㲻ܿ

Ĺִô˵ĸ־ֹġ
¾ľٶŵò, סְ֣ս

ס֣û, Ļ˵
ֻȴ̧, ɫЩãƺΪβ

¾ֺֺߣûǿӲ֣¾æȳȥ𣿡

˳Ӧá
ֵѪҿˡ

¾֪Ѫ
ǲˣ
˹ִ¾룬ǲǻȸ
Ȼ¾֪, ݡ

ǲˡ¾ڡ

򴽡

¾Ҳ֪ʱ˵ЩѾ˺룬ֻô͡

Ů˿ˮͻѪ, ǡ

ʲô

¾ʾ֭ķӦ֮ˡ

Ҳ֪û¾ֽ˼ѯʣ𣿡

˵ɫѿƺûΪŮ˿ˮѪ
¾ȥˣΪѾоСЩʹˡ

ȳȥϴ˺ٻѾͺˡ
¾ֻʵŮ˿ˮСʹٵһ͸øˡ

¾˵⻰ʱɫѾЩ԰ˡ
ⷴӦҲŵöǰɫҲ˲԰ס
¾ܸоסֲ˲

δ˻ҹ¾Ҳ֪ǸЦǸÿޣֵֻȥ

һ˷ӦˣֻûгȥվӿϣȻŴھѾߵź˸¡

¾֪ǿ϶ȥˡ
񲻹¾ҲȷСʱЩʹҪˡ

Ѿǲҵ飬æź˻ѡ
Ӧϴģ¾ֹˡ
ǴҲǰϴǸط

ϴʡȥ´ȴҪ
¾һֱԸŪЩֻѾĻ¾Ȼ´òȣڰʱ˺üΡ
ҪĿ̫ǿˡ

¾޿ˣס°
¾ˣ뿪ڣֻеĻûڣʣҪҰæ𣿡

ʲôæ
¾ۣȥ

˲

¾Ҳ֪βȥĵǲȥҾ첻˵

£ɫƺ˼֣¾ȴ˲ֵٲȥҾʮ첻˵

¾֪ԭҲôˡ

¾òᣬЩɫҲʮѿ
ϲ˵Ļʱ԰׵Сʮۡ

˽ֲ¡

ǽͻȻǣüۺ䣺

ԲãĲģԣСǰȥŷˡ

¾Ჽˣֻ˼ͣûͷƺԥҲ֪ԥʲôһᲽˡ

˳ȥ

¾˿
æǷԸѾ߱ˮϴ˺Ű´ѡ
ֻǴ¾մѣ߳ȥ˲֪ʱѾӡ
ʱ俨ĸոպã粻

ŵ¾ɣǸûгȥǶĸ˰ɣ

һֱ򴽿ˣ߽

;ҵһ·¾زƺԡ
Щ
ƽʱЩЩͬĸо

ֱ˴ϣ¾ȷȷˡ
Ϊһֱû˵Ҳûп
ܳĬذ˴ϣȻ˱졣
ůģӣǽԸġ

¾ǰĬˣڻڣôˣ



¾ֱԣ𣿡

ˡ

Ӧĺ

ˣΪʲô
Ӧ

ʱģ¾֪ģȻЩЦ򴲱ڿȥʣΪʲô

ΪӦȴͻȻ̧һһص㷽˵첻˵

¾仰˵ʮ֣ء

˵ʮ첻˵ֵ


ҲˣѲѿڶĻ

˵ص㲻Լжˣִֵֻץ˵˵һ仰ϡ
ûпڽͻ߷ϣĵɫѿ˼֡
ڣڵҺܲˡ

¾ǵãƺ˵Ҳˡĸ֡
ԽΪͻʱǳ˵飬ˡܡ

¾ЩЦأƺķǳˣ¾־Ц
ֻŬѹԼǣͣ˵

üʲô

ƺĲ֪ʲô

¾ϸһ룬žúΪѣѹûио
ҵʱҲΪһֱȥ
뵽¾ֵȷúԼЩ֡
ˣɣ

¾ûڣ˽ˣ̫ҽˡ

¾һ㶣͵ؿԵˣ̫ҽ

Ӧ

¾ֻˣʲô̫ҽ
Ȼ̫ҽѾˣҲ̫ҽôȥһˡ
¾ֻ̫ܵҽɡ

һĲУһ̫ҽ¾ǰûм
Ҫ̫ҽЩģԶԶġ

̫ҽջֺ¾ʣô

£¾̫ҽ˲
ŻӦֻ£ɡ

һ¡
΢Щ

̫ҽƺֵ˵ȣûмѯʣŶ¾²ǲЩˣ

Щӣ¾Գʼһֱ

̫ҽΪ˿ӣһǼڼʹ۵ͷáһӵģ˺ٷá

˺һʱ䣬мǱůˮʳţ֮̫ҽֵ

Щ¾֪
ǰҲӡ
ֻʱùһʱ䣬ûʲôúͣˡ

̫ҽ˷Ӻ븮ˡ

̫ҽҴȥӣ¾ȷŵĸо̫ҽĺġ
ֻǲ֪Ϊ£èĸо
ң̫ҽʮˣӣھº󣬻ĳҲɽˮ
˻ҡ

ǡ

¾̧˼Եˣʼ䣬ˡ
¾֪ٹһʱСʹͻᷭҪ˯Ϊϣܾ˯ˡ

¾һ

˿

˯ˡ

¾ʵֻһƺˣƽȥҲߡ

¾

ˣ˾ͺá

¾˯ĺܿ죬ȥûñ˯ˡ
˯˲Ჽ˳ȥſڡ
Ըإ磺ȥѰһŮӿˮ顣

Ը£ǵһإ粻׽˼
إӦ֮ʣˮʲô

ΪôһᣬإѾһ飬ȷûСˮֵϢ
Ūˣإ˳ڡ

£

إûܵõ𰸣Ϊó¹ܼȥѰˡ
ˡ

                        
лҪ˵¾˯ˡ
ģҲߡ
¾ʦ̵
˱Ƚɵˣɵإ磡

48

¾һʱʹѵġ
һȴ֮ǰʱʹô
ࡣ

ʱ, Ҳȷ, ûߣڴ, Ҳ֪ڿʲô飬ü塣
ɫҲ̫ÿ
ûз֡

ǴĽˣ, ˣ

͵̧

ˡ

¾, Ŀ, ڿʲô飿

ûʲô

Ժ飬ֶһԵϣ¾ĽǶȲٿ, ջۡ

, ѾǱ˺ˮ
ˣǺˮհʱ˼ƬܻЩ̺

¾ףŷĶһ

ҡ

ûлֻһֻ֡
æǽʢˮСݵ˽ϡ

¾ӹ룬ɡ

ԥһ˲, ָ¶Ⱥ󣬲ŵݸ¾š

¾뵥ֽӹȴ̧ߡ
ɫЩ, ˫š

˫ôף
֣¾˫롣
ߵ¶ȴģůģͦ

ܿ죬¾㶮˼
ţõġ
¾Լ룬ιһˮ

ҲûôãЪϢˡ
һ¾ȴ˯ò̤ʵ϶رѣֱҹ˼붼š
˵ۣȴҲûкۣʹоһֱպ˯ž

𣿡

ͻȻһɤںҹ𣬾¾󣬺ܽ
Ҳһֱû˯

¾Ӧá

§ϵƣպøС
¾ȴ㻻˯ɡ

һҪϳ
ܲܺúϢᵢ˯ߡ

¾˵ȣûĻӦҲɫԲ֪ʲô
ҹֻ˳ȵĺ

֪˶ãƺǼû˯¾ͻȻڣ𣿡

ʲô

ѯʣȴӦΪ¾Ѿ

ñ֮۳ǧᣬﳵǧˣʮ򡭡

ʲô¾һʺš

ǧ֮ѣ֮ã֮ģ֮շǧȻʮ֮ʦӡ

ɤܵͣܳҲҧÿһ¾ú
ȴ㳲λҲûκǴʱںҹ¾Ϊˡ
ѵ
ӵĹ£

սҲʤ۱񣬹ñʦò㡣۱׶ߣӡ



һΣ¾²⣬ɣ
һΣ¾ȷ顣
ԭеĹ¾Ǳ顣

¾ȻԶԡ
ζ벻͹ôһġ

ò˵ôһЩ﷦ζݣ¾ľȻĸŷˣСʹûܻľ񣬲֪ʱͳ˯˹ȥ



¾ϰ˰ĵԽգڴϣǴطǱҰ촫
ֱգӲŸɾˡ

һת۾͵¡
³ӵĴ֮ա
Ҳյ

¾ҲյӴ֮յʱ輧
Ѿöˡ
Ҳûκη

µЩ⣬߻żһ˿
¾ùźڸߣʱͣڳߡ
ѯʣ輧Ժ

룬ҡͷӦ
ȷ˵輧Ժ
Ƿ˴ʱ𣬽Щǡ

ö輧ķˡֻһ

ԣ¾мֹ죬Ը񣺡ȥơ

ȥ

ڽ뿪˺¾Ҳӡ
ûһˣüЦģһϲ¶

ˣū澴ˣ輧Ͳڽˡ

ڽˣ

ģ¾ɻ

С¥ϢϤ˷ˡ
˵һǰظ󣬾˰輧򷢳ˡ

򷢳ˣ
¾⣬Ϊκη
Ҳδ¡

ҹùź¾ſ
˵˰輧򷢳ģ

Ӧĺɡ

ԣ¾ȴĬ
ʵʱ̹ǲʣ;ڡ
𣬿һֱ֪輧Ѿͳˡ

֪ģ¾ͻȻһ¡
ֻ룬᲻ҲһֱǵԼȹǲʣҲ;ڸ

֮ǰ¾ǾʲʶûҪϾ֪͹ˡ
ɴʱ¾ȴͻȻҪ֤ǲʣǲľͲڸ

¾ڣǰؾʱȥϰ𣿡

ȻĻӦһĺԥ

ȥ

֮ڵĻظ

ԣ¾ʣϰ¾ȹһˮŮӣ

£¾ͻȻ̧

ĲһûȿڻӦǵұ

¾

ùźҪֻǱ¾ԳԵ̫ܾˡ
ƺǼ鲻ԸҲûǿȡ
û뵽ʱȻǵá
Լ߹ȥ
ǾԼ߹ȥͲǲ鲻Ըˣ

¾Ҳ⻰õһϢȻǵãȻʱҲѯʺȲӦǽвԼ߹ȥ
Ȼ֪һǵã¾˵ڡ
¾˹ȥԹԵĻ
ʣȹһˮŮӣ

ıˬӦȹ

Ȼǵã

¾ʣɻǵþȵ˭

ûпˡ

¾˵ȣ룬˰ɣ
ôһҲͽͨˡ
ֻ־һˣҲ
ǵþȵȻҲܸ¡

Ĭʱ䣬¾Ѿȥ
Ҳˣǵõȵôܲ
ʱޣֲǲʶˡ

ֻǴ¾ô꣬оĶϣ˵ɤܵͣ˵㡣

¾

һֱǵԼȹ
ʵֻҪʼ仰֪ܵࣿ
ҪܣҲҪ˼ҹ룬Ҫı

Ѿô²Ҫˣʱ¾֪ȻһֱǵԼȵ¾ľЩӡ

Ϊβң

ôˣȻֲֻᡣ

Ҹˡ

˵ĸŵĻظ
¾ΣǲʣǲҲῪ᣿

᣿
ĻӦᡣ

ԣ¾Ĭ
Ȼˡ

ƺǲı仯͵תӣֱ

ʲô

Щ¾ҲûΪβڽ¸ҡ

ȻԹԻӦˣü㲻ˡ

ĵĻʡ
Ĳˡ

¾ʱȷЩˡ
ֻǾЩɵϸķ֣Ҳ֪ҪʱŻ֪ȵ
֪ķҲЩᡣ
յµȥࡣ

ȴΪΪ
û֮ԲǾûҪ
ġ
ɴʱˣȴЩˡ

û㡣˵ɤЩҡ

¾֪ûϾһʾʳˡ

㲻ϲԺ󶼸㡣

⻹ࡣ
¾̧Ӧá

ıڣȴӦˡ
ɫҲƺѾתڻӦ󣬱ҪǵãԺЩ¶ҡ

Լϸȥ֣֪Ҫ¡

ƺĸˣŻӦá
£ּһ䣺㡣

ǸϲҲ޷

                        
лҪ˵ðˣûжһ´Сˣټһ¿ûҪ޸ĵĵط
ñ֮۳ǧᣬﳵǧˣʮǧ֮ѣ֮ã֮ģ֮շǧȻʮ֮ʦӣսҲʤ۱񣬹ñʦò㡣۱׶ߣӡӱ

49

³, Ӵ顣
Ĵîʱ㿪ʼ, ͬ졣
ӳɻǷӹٵ, Ҫһյʱ䡣
ڵǣͨı;Ͳز, ϯӴĻ缴ɣڹ⡣

ӱͻʱ, ϱ㽫ϵĸۡһʹ, ӳɻ󣬱ɰʹס
ĻҲ⸮ٰۡ졣

ֻ¾ȴûгϯӵĻ硣
ǰ£¾̰, ˡ
, ûȵգıϸ˼٣¾ԼҲûȥ

ʵӴգ¾Ѿˣϯһѣظ١
Ѿ׼ˣ¾Ҳѵһˣڸϴš

ֻӴ, ֪˲δϯ磬ɫЩѿ
ʲô˼
ķ˲ˣҲͲϯ, ǲ

ģǻϡ
ΪΪӣɻ²Ϊ̫ӣôҲүȻûС

길һһεѹ̫ʦĸҵֻԼ
ȴķˣԭշĹãĲ飬Ҳϯ

ŭգֵĹ˳ڸѹ˼պ󣬱̲סˡ

ȥ¥

һײ㳣ڲ¥档
ԭǹӣȻΪͱ¾һȼ
ǻʼҵˣ¾Ҳ
ԺǵǻΪ˻ϣǺ¾һֻϡ

ɽദӷ棬ֿ˫ֻƬѾӮġ
ڷſ¸ϢʰһĻϲ˲¥
ԸѾߺͳڲ¥µţԸ˲¥

ڲ¥µѾߵˣÿ¥·
Ѿߴһڷһȥ㿴ڵӡ
ֻһۣƲۣ˫糺졣

Ჽ˽ȥ˹˷š

ӡ㸩ӯӯ

̧ǹһĨЦ⣬һѱ㽫վǰŮ뻳

ˡ

٬Ļ糺죬ĵ׾ǻϲȴǹ֣ճɻ飬ڸ϶ò֡

ЦĵŮ˵СôԴˣ

ûпڣ۵׵ļȴβסΪβ޸ӣ

ӽԭΪ˽ӽӣû뵽ڽϿʱѪײû뵽ӾȻڼһͿˡ
뵽Щ⡣
ýӽ֣ƾòҲһӵۡ

Ҳ֪뵽ʲô۵׼ǵЦΪ֡
УЩӶ񣬲ȴǵЦԴˣ

ŵ檲ҳԴס

Ըˣصһͺãɹȡ
Ͻġ
ûҼףӲͣؿĻСֻҪ檣檾ˡ

˵̬

ɲСͻȻ

ԣһæ̧ȥ

ע⵽۵׵ĻңȴɲŲæҪ㣬أң

ǵͷﶼӡ

ģЦʡ

㺬ߵ

ϣȻҿɲš

ԣæǽֻͣһˣǲš

š

㱾˵ȴˣֻĿͻȻƣĿڴְֻŮ˿ǡ˿ϸġ

ߺ˵ʲôߣ⡭ôƣ

ķӦӳЦһ͵ڰ˿䣬¶Ůӵ绹ʺĶǶ

ţս֪ô𣿡

ǽˡ

ʱŴӲ¥ȥʱͬ뿪ʱϾǾݣüȴһŮ˵̬糺졣

ϣĶ˵Ļ
˵ȻҪӣͻٹЩӣҾ򸸻ּΪ

ԺǻϲȻûΪӲŸճɻ飬ʱɲȻףԸȡ
ֻҪһ뵽Ҫ˶þͻӵĲԺ󻹻סʹΪͰ಻ס˷ܺͻϲ
¾ҲΪµ꣬



ɴʱ¾ȴЩǳ
Դǰֲһκ߶ȥˡ
˵ǳߺأķˮȥ

¾ۣˣʲô
˭ԼҲֲˡ

ⶼѾˣֲǴﶬգѾߣرգ֪ģرȡ
ﲻ÷űˣȥߡ
ǽϷأ¾ô˵á

ԣظʱ¾һϣҲֻתתȴ

İ֣˳ȥ

ֱ߽ȥ
¾ע⵽Ķæ𶯡

ĵĶһ٣ûˡ

״¾˿ͣȣǲҪ׽Ϊá

Ѿһˡ

ԣĵɫ˺ڣԥһѱ㽫ԵŮӱȥϡ
һϵжˮ

¾

ϵ¶Ȳͣʱֿý¾ֻԷ·һŻ棬յĻš


֪

ս֣ף¾㲻ֻܵ𣿡

ȡ

ԣ¾һǲڷЩ

£¾оĶ˶٣űֵŵš

¾

ֵͼ¾ʱ㿪¾㿪һ˲䣬˵ɫ
¾֪

Ȼһ̱ͻȻ̧֣Դɷ˵һס
׵¾Ӷ˲ٺ

ȴǸˣ׹˺󣬲ɿǶЦ⡣
֪ȣ˵ﶼʮºͣڻñ

̫ҽ˵µʱñ

¾Ѿˣ⻰̫ҽǵ˵ģҽҲ˵˲ٴΡ
ʵҲñһûʲôϾҪ
ȥߣɻ

¾ڣȥ߰ɡ

ѾˣӦò᲻ͬ⡣
Լ鷿ŵȫǱ켫ˡ

¾ȴĬˡ

һھĴ𰸣¾ȷˣ˵ľȻȻˣҪңҲҪңҪľ

ģ

¾˵껰תԴģһ
ģķŽʱһģһƺľ
ĿȴЩЦǻûп
ô֪Ӧ

һ֪ǿˣҲżȥڣֻĿȴһֱϡ

¾ȰȣȰȣȴһֱûڡ
ⲻ߼
ճô˵Ժôô񷽲һԽǲף׵Խ
Ӧ
ӦһֱȵΣȻܴﵽĿġ

ʱȷûҲûд

¾Щɻ󣬱͵͵
֪һ˫Ȼĺûʲôһĳź޲¾ֱץĴ

¾һ۱֪ǿϷˡ
¾ϲԣȴĵ̾
ҷӦұһģҪſıԣȻΪĿľֻʾʱ

¾ҲˣҲˣСˣҲʲôıˣתӣСȥߺòã

˵ɻˣź

                        
лҪ˵Ҳֻһ
СҪʰһµ䡢ˡɥɥ ߡơˡԹˡ㯡ʧ䡢ꡢġơȻ
Сʵڳܲµ׿ܶѧʵԵ˺ܶһԽǧ

50

ΪЩ, ŮӵСŵ, еԭļԽɰף, ǳ˫޺Ľһһ, ɫ
ȴûؿα, Ŀ, ڣòұ

¾ԥһ˲ŻӦá
¾ôС֪ʵǲ̫ԸģΪĿģҪͷ

˻ûпʵԸ, ֻǿ˵ѡ, ͳɤ

òף

ȻǼŲӽףԴʱһһֻ
ʵ¾ĲԸһڲű죬ױģȣûһȳˡ
Ļظȴǣá

ģֵ

¾

ûг

¾졣

ûг

¾üǡײӡ

ûг
һ¾ûٿˣģ

ƺǿ۵׵ɻĵЦһ, Ķϡ
˵ɤܵͣ¾ȴһ
͵أ৵һ¾ͱ, ҲԽԽȡ
¾ҧƫʼٸߴʱȴȻˣɫ糣ǻһ˿Ц⣬ôؿķӦ

״һԣ¾ûпڣҲûŤͷȥ

ȴͼһֱ§ס
ԽԽȣķ˷ŵ뷨˺ˣˣȥ

ȥʱ¾

ȥߣ
¾ʣƭ߷ڣֻǻбҪ

ڿڴˣĲٳɣȥ

ġĴ۴ʱѾ˵¾ɫ˰Ժ˵ɡ
ǲٺ

ʱѹʱ䣬ߵĿˬ¾ڳߣڻ԰ɽߡ
󽫽îʱŻط
ڻط֮¾ȴһ֮ϲ
ΪĶѾ߷ԸԺȥ߲š

£¾Ѿ߻Ӧǡ

һĻ¾Щӡ
պ˵˵ధ˺ܾãЩѾ߶ȥߣôɿڡ
ʱֻ㿪ڣЩѾ߱㶼һκ
ʱ̬ȽȻͬ
Ȼ֪ЩѾ߰Ϊ룬ʱ¾һһɵ̬

һֱĬҲ֪ʲôĿڣʲô

롭

һ¾ͣΪͻȻһ뷨
᲻ԸĲȥ
ЩѾ߲Ϸأధ󶼲ͬ⡣

ԽԽпܣıͻȻ۵׵ˣһ˿ɡ

ǲԸģ¾̧ѯʡ

û뵽뵽Щ
治ɫҷԸʲôˣ

¾ǲԸѾȥ

˵⻰ʱ¾ضͼɫϿһ˿
Ĺ⣬ǿκġ

ǡ

ûɵȥǶˣŰɡ

µȷԸģǰҲȷԸƵ顣
̫ҽ˵ҪñĵܻԷԸϵ˿ڸϣ㲻Ҫ÷ܡ
ֻ˼ǲҪҪţˣûȥ
ûȥҲͦã²ͣɹ¶Ȳڡ

¾Ȼɣƾ޾ݣҲֻܻɡ
ڽжˡ
жΣһʮգȻߣδ£Ҳһֱ¡
¾ȥҲΪ죬ڱ죬¾Ȼٳȥ

ֱֹ˼գ˲֮͡
㡣

ͨʱ¾ΪԸˣڷȷ˺󣬲ſţȷ㡣
ʱȣ¾ѵӦԱ˻ؾ
֪ȴҪ˵ҪĻҪ˵

ԣ¾룬ŵɡ

ҪƣʲôҪĻҪ˵

ѾĵЩ־
һǱ̧ģȻ¾ֽȴĺ¡
ġ
ֻҪһֹסز
ֲ̫ˡ

ڽţڿĳ˺Ÿҽ

ڽգɴʱѾ·˸ߡ
֪˶ãſԺ֡
״Ľ˽·ʱɫҲŲ԰ףµĲң֪뵽ʲôĵ׵Ŀ־ѹȥǺЦӡ

¾һμ㡣
֮ǰʱ̫һʱ޴̣һҹ㣬İֲ
ʱҲȸ밲ɤͣ㡣

㣿

¾ۣ۵̺Ц⣬ڣɡ

ɡ

лл㡣ֵȥΪֹʮֵ壬һ˿

һĻȴ¾ĵɣϲԣֱԣ˵ɣʲôҪĻ

ԣ㴹򴽣Щݣܿ죬̧۵׾Ρ

㣬ýýԭ¡

ɤϿң鱯ʱϽյ˫֣¾ҪǲǱ˸ˣ˵Щ
ֻⷬȴЩЦ
¾ջۣصԭʲô

£ɫһ˿ѣܿ㱻ȥֻͻȻվͨȥ

㣬ǰò£е

ǰЩȥһϰ£ҵôʦ򣬲֪ǰףȻζԽԲѷýѿ

ֳ̧Ͽңˣýԭ£ÿշתߣԽղŲֻԭǰĲ£ǽعںá

عںã
¾ɫȥкù
ʱڵϵȴ¾ĵ׵ԽԽѯʡԭʲô裬ǰӣͻᷢ쭣װȥ
û뵽ղѹȥе˵һ͵Ļ
ȫ

ƺǼ¾òڣֵ㣬ԭãǽ㲻öУĸԸֻԭá

һ˵̫ˣ
¾ڿڣdģ

ԣı˱䣬еԣҽòͣѹˣǰò£ǽõѹöˣֻԭá

¾ü
ǰȫȻͬ
ǡһˡ

¾üʵص㣬ұǽãͬģǰ£ýˣҲԭ£ֻ

Ŀ˳¾ķ

ˣˡ

̧ۣί㡭

¾ջۣûٿǿ˽񣺡

˱ǰ㡣

Щԥԭ𣿡

¾ԣ򴽣СҲֻŽ

¾֪«ʲôҩúװҲȥʲô˼

ȥɣԺˡ

ԣ۵׵İɢȥΪôһͣ¾жعںá
û뵽¾ʯĳһ˿жȥ
ôܾôȥ
뵽ӣ뵽֮λζܾʹ˰ݡ

ҧĵôߣȴҲֻѹȥ۵㣬㻹ǲԭ𣿡

ǽϷ

ǽ㲻Ըţþֻ־

¾ⷬĵˣҲҪȥ

ԣĶͣۿί㡭

ӵ¾۸ˡ
¾Цˣ㣬Ҳĺ«ʲôҩûǸй

ȥڸ㲻ҪҾֻ̧ȥˡ

¾Ļ顣

£͵شΪ۵׵ķŭ⡣
µֽţָ״ģɲѹĺ⡣
һ죬һ죬¾ᱻڽ£ݺݵ衣

ΪԺʱҪ̡
Ҫһֻ֮ҪӵǻˣԺ£¾ˣҲֻ·һ
¾ȥҪĥ¾ʹ

Ҳ֪ĵʲôһ뻹׵ɫһ˲ͻָ
ʣ鱯½ôöӦõģȻ㲻ԭãþÿֱԭΪֹ

¾ü

ȥıӰ¾ɫȴԽԽͻȻԸ˸㡣

ȥ飬㼸ǰǷȥϰ¡

ķӦ̫¾ˣͬʱһ˿õԤУdģ¾ֵز
˱ı㡣
ߡ

                        
лҪ˵һ̩磬ǰ飬ζصıȥҾò
Ů
ζصģСһıͲҪұ㣩

51

¾ȥڰʱظġ
, ūһֱСĸ¸С, ۿظġ

˼ڳ˽󣬱㾶ֱظ, û˼档
ԣ¾, ⼸¸⣬˻, ͻظ֪ҡ

ϡ¾ֵ

ǡ˻Ӧ

, Сĵ㣬𱻷ˣȥɡ

˳ȥ

¾ȴ˳˼, , ʲôͻȻ䣬Ըͷధԭ¡
֮ǰΪ¾Ը͡
ɾΪ̫˽ˣ֪¹Ρ
ʱͻȻͣĹϵعںã˼Ȼ
¾˸бı㡣

ԼĪ˵ڶ磬ȥϰ´̽˲Żظ
˻, ūȥϰ´̽ˣҲ¸̽¸ûȥϰ¡

¸ûȥϰ¡
˵Щʦָ㶼ǽڡ
¾, 㳶Ѱ󣬾ʲộ

¸ˣһҲϳǲκ˽¸һжôƽͰ
ƺͻȻˣҲԣdĽ

ûȥϰ£ָܸ㣬¾Ըš
ô¾Ҳ¸⣬㡣
ΪܾͻȻ䲻ô򵥡

ʱ˵ÿն¾ԭ£ȻҲûˡ

ڣֹ˼պ٣һʱ¸˲ڼ㵥ȥһ¥

¥

ʱոʱȣѡʱȥ¥ʵɡ
˵ڽ˲¥㲻ˡ

¾֪ȥĲ¥Ǿһ¥ʩţ¥ڸǷ羰ˣޱȡ¥ܹ㣬ÿһ㶼аᣬװҲɫͬ˵ǲ¥˵Ѱ¥ʲôѰǸӡ
˸Ҳ

ֻʱȥ¥

¾˼ڲ¥ţʱǷһ·
ֱ䣬ż˻ظ

ˣūһֱڲ¥⣬ֱʱżҲˡ

˼ǣҲһ˻ظ
¾ף˳ȥ
ɫ˼
ֱʱ¾Ŵ¡

ʲôͻȻ

¾֪ס㽫¸
ź󲢲⣬ҲɫĲ¾û̫ࡣ
ֵ˵һҪҪ˸ţ

͵͵أô˸ţҲ֪Ҫʱ˿
ɲ㣬鲻࣬¾Щ

⣬ĵĻӦǣء

¾̧ȥظƲˡ

ƺѾ˼գ´ʱĻҲüûаи
ı̫ۣ࣬ٲܻĸࡣ
ĵ֮


¾ɫãȻϸŻȻӣ

ˣ¾֪֮ӺɫԽǡ
ôʶ
˷᲻ڰ£

ǣӣǾͲ֮ˡҲΪ˲Ů֮飬Ľ
ΪʲôԶ

ɫûбɣҲ֪뵽ʲôüԽԽ
ĿĲãһѽ˹ףŵö룬ԺǲԸԸš

¾ʱԼ˼ûע˵ʲô
ֱͻȻоҧĶϣЩۣ¾Ż



ôҧ
УڱҲȡ

۵׵Ŀߣɫһҧȥ
ֱʹĲźס

˵Ļˣ

¾ȵûţƫҲϣ⡣
ʱѯʣ¾̧ʱ˵ˣ

״ֵһ飺Ժϣǲš

ӡ

֪ʲôİ£һҡ

ӣĵӦ
¾ˣá

ȣһԵСӣΪŷ硣

ŷˣ¾ˡ
ã¾ͻȻȲ˶ãͲᱻˡ

һûͷûԵĻ¾ûҲû

ȣԽԽȵƣҹ˯Ҳã¾ȡ
ԭΪΪҹ¶ȽˣŲȡ
ֱһԺʱŸоϴ΢硣
΢⣬¾ڴŷ硣

ˣ̧Ķͷûк⣬ʣôˣ

¾ʱֲ֪ҹ˯ȡ
ԭΪҹ¶Ƚˣԭ

¾ЩӣǼ΢ᡣ
ȣӦҲȣΪǨӣҲһֱ˯ûзűķ
ҹﻹΪչûϢȡ
֮ǰʱ¾ȣξܾԹ¾ЩΡ


¾ڣȴֲ֪˵ʲô

ƺִֻΪˣʣôˣ

¾ŻӦˣˮ

ԣķ˴һˮ
ݸȰɡ

¾ֽ̧ӹ˼ںʣʲôʱˣ

ʱ

ôˡ

¾ֺ˼ڣֱȹˮĲת˻ȥ˱ӡ

˻¾Żڣ㲻绻˯˷Щ


¾˯һݣ̫ίˡ
⻰ҲɲǨġ

仰󣬽µĲӶ˶٣ҹɫЩ仯¾ûпֻµطϴ

û¾ֵ

һֻ֣ܵ㱻ˡ
˵ɤЩãҲߵġ

УԺ׼˵ЩҲϲ

ԣ¾򴽣Ĭ
֪ô˵᲻ˣ᲻ϲ¾ҲһֱôǨ
ϰߡ
ϰߺܿ£Ȼ¡

ĬĻЩ۵Сףŵ˯ɣû¡

¾û

״ͻȻֱ˫˯ס

˵⻰ʱ˫İѾˡ
¾ʱ¾ƺо·
¾Щ

⻰˼ͲǼ򵥵¶ļ
ÿᵢܾá
ʱˣ¾˯øæȥ

˯ˡ

״ıȥĶЦˣĵҲ֪Ǹϲǲϲ
֮¾ȥЦһ֮ƺ̾һЩźŵ˯ɡ

һֱ΢磬ϣȻ¾ȴһֱû˯š
ڣ֪˶ã¾ˣҲˣҲһ˯ɡ

ʵȣ¾ĳ˲ٺ



Ӧ¾ȴû¾ͷֻһ

£¾żʣ˯ţ

֪뵽ʲô¾æǵͷӦ

Ҫ㡭

˯ֻûڣ¾ֵǾ¡

£˵ͳɤ

ñ֮ھϾڣͶᣬĪھ֮ߣΪֱԻΪ;֮˷ֱ֪֮Ҳ

¾

֣¾Ҳ֪Ȱûˡ
ò˵ɤ﷦ζġ¡¾ȷ˯⣬֧Ųס˯˹ȥ
˯ǰ¾룬ôܰ⵱ɹڿ

                        
лҪ˵Сʵдġ
һ뵽ᱻСܴЪˣ˺Ҫģ˺Ŀȫǡ
ԲСѾڹ˼ˡ
ñ֮ھϾڣͶᣬĪھ֮ߣΪֱԻΪ;֮˷ֱ֪֮Ҳӱ

52

ȥ˲¥һ˺, ڶձ˽
Ȼ֪Ӿıʲô, 뵽˵Ļ¾ҲʵѵӦ, ˻ؾ㡣

ķӦһ֮ǰȥ
ڽš

֮Ҳֽ¾ͨ, ¾ؾˡ
̬Ⱥܼᶨ

ڽ˰ʱ, ûܵȵ¾ɿڷȥʱ¶Ȳ, ټֵٵȥģԱԽԽꡣ
ֻӵĽȻ, ֵһᡣ
, ʱˣʵڵģ뿪ˡ

֮գÿնһˣ¾¾ܾˡ
Ҳƺ¾̬ȣЩš
û¾ãһ֮ӻ᲻û, Ӷ
Ѿӣֻһܻͷ

Դټȥһ˲¥, ⼸նټӡ
¾ڽһ£ӶȻҲ˷⼸Ӷû˸ţЩǡ

ֱյ磬һμ¸Ϣ
ȥ¥

ϲ⣬ںʰһ󣬲ųȥ˲¥
ǸѾڲ¥ţѾߵĲӣȥ˲¥һᡣ

ķŽգлţƿţ˽ȥ

ڣ˹شȣһ˫ӥ۵ϡ
ûʲô¶ȴѡ

ӡ㸩һ糺졣



ͷ˵ȣᣬ˫ϥӵĽŹڵϣͷ˵Ĵϣ

⼸սչΣսļһ·»

ԣЩί⼸ڽ˲ٱŸ
ԴʱӵѯʺЩƲס̧ΪίЩ˫

ӣ֪¾Ůж֣⼸ڽ˲ٱŸҲ˲ٿ࣬¾Ů˺ģ

𣿡

ףӵŮ˵ɤģӣ¸檰ɡ

ʵڲȥ¾ıŸҲΪ¾Ǹ˷СͽС
Ϊӻһ˿ϧϣĻº󣬱Ŀ

¶첻ãôĲ¸㡣

Ŀϣ̧ȣһһµĴŮ˵ָϣɿ

򴽣ɿ֡

Цˣ̧ظСԣеģºúð죬ǰˣԺ󲻻ĺô

ô
ԣ۵ðһ˿⡣

һ˲ӱȻȥΪǵЦͻȻˣһ˿䣬һ˿пᡣ

ǰ첻á˵ôأ
С٬ҡҡͷҿɲ֮ˡ

ԣɫ˲ɷס

ɿ㱻͵ڵϣϵҲڵϣŵҲһ

ٸµʱ䡣ɤ᣺ȥɡ

ݼǡ

󲻸Ҷԣæ˳ȥ

˳ȥ󣬴ӵĽ߳һˡ
Ļš紡

ӣ绻·Ů˿²С

Ŀ𺣺ٸµʱ䡣

Ҳû뵽Ů˾Ȼôûã
¸ĶС𣿾Ȼȥ
ô˼ʱ䡣ٸ£ûнչҲûбҪٻȥˡ
Ӳûлر֮£ǲرǾֻˡ



˲¥󣬱ȥһ˽
Ҳһ
һΣеĲǽ꣬к¡
ӷŵ̬Щ־壬ǡǲܽ°ɹͻɱ

ѹͷĿ־壬ֿ󽫾̽ͨ
֪˵̬ȣԲδͨ
˵ȣΣֻȥ

ԼĪʱ¾ʣ𣿡

ȥһŻӦطˣһʱǰˡ

ԣ¾˵ͷ

һο֡
ֵ¾Ϊһֱڽ⣬ȥ
ֻԽǼ֣¾Խǲ
ز˵һºҪ
ĿģĿģ¾ϣ

¾ţһԵĽˣϦˡ

Ϧ

¾񣬶Ϧˡ

Щû̫ĸоҲֻ˵Ϧҹǽϻ֣Իȥƹ
Ҳ⣬ڽ󣬴Ҳ¾ͣôһ˲䣬㱻¾֮Ժ

ԵϦҹ¹ܼͻȻԺ¾˵ǽڸϵʱ¾Щ¡

Ϊϵ

Ȼ֪Եɣ¾ȥˡ

ֻŸߵһġ
ӭ¹ܼʶȤ˼

¾ͣ˲ӻ

ǣ߰ɡ

¾ߣȥģ

ʱɫѾ谵ӦûظϢ

ȥ⡣

ΪҪȥ⣿¾ʡ

£¾㷢ǣ˽Ų˶٣ûлֻϦ

Ϧôˣ
¾ģҲ˳ڡ

һΣ¾ȫͣס˲ӡ

ĻŮӵɫﾡãȻ״ĿеĻﻻˣתҳ䡣

¾Ϧҹǽϸǻ֡
Ϧҹľ𣿡

ûԥӦ

ԣ¾ͷ
ӦǻûмϦҹʱ¾ҲԼҲ

Ǻãȥ䡣

ĳ¹ܼһԲȴĵĬĬ룬⾿˭˭
ӲЩգֻŷڸģԽ˹£˳䡣
ʱȴ෴ˡ

ʱ¹ܼҵĶ˵п̻𣿡

¾ֻһʣΪͻȻ뵽ս᲻Ҳûм̻

ֻǳ¹ܼ˵ĻȴЩ㤡ǵýСʱװһ̻ȥ̫ҽըˡ
ûбԭ򣬾ΪҰѵʱ̫ҽĶӲһβ
Ժ̫ҽŽƵߡ

¹ܼҸô꣬ɤ˳

ûп

̹ȻȻĲ졣

֪˳¹ܼң

¾˺ȴЩۣ˽ĸ꣬Ͻֳսױ˹̣ܽڸʮʱϽ󣬱ս
ֲǰѱ鵱¿ûʲôȤ

¾û£Ӧܿ
¾ֵǴûܿǾЩ̻ظţ㡣

Ůӵɤﾡۣĵǹ۵Ц⣺á

¹ܼᡣ

ĳȻҵ˱ϦҹȤ飬ǳ¹ܼұֵҲûмڡ

ڣ

¹ܼԣǳ˳飬ıǱˡ
Ȼôܰ˵ըˡ

¾ʱȷŹڡ
ͷãǴȥơ

ֲȥһ䣬ԭҲ಻Ķ
ǰ¾ýսΣʱͬһʱ㲻ΣҲ

ԣĵ۵һ˿⣬ֵҲûյ

¾ûеӦ¡

Ļ

¾һûӡ

Ǳ

ź治ɫ͵͵õġ

͵ġ

͵͵õģ⻰¹ܼĿӲ

¾˼Ҳǡ
ǱóԼӵݸ㡣

Ĵһ۱ϳ幤Ĳͬġ

Ҫ

ġ͡

¾Ȼᷢⲻģô죿

ûпڻӦֻ¾˼һᣬ̧ǲһûӻң˺㣿

ĸˣԥӦ£

֮ǰ¹ܼһ·˵˲١

һûյɰ

ҲԹ档

һ롭

ɵĶһһӦ¡

ڿߵſʱ¹ܼͻȻڷ˶˵ʲôһ΢ҡͷС

                        
лҪ˵дһʶ

53

֮ڵĻظ, ĵͷ, 

ͻȻڿ¾һʶڣ

ƺЩ, ǺͻȻڿգǺ˵Ļ
ˮ, һ˿;塣

ĵЦһ

, ¾ע⵽ʱѾߵ, Ѻˡ
˿

ϣ¾תƻ⣺, Ǵֱȥ̻ܿͱڵĵطɡ

һ, ¾룬˷̻ƬոǶܿġ
ڵĻӦҲܴ˳Ѱ
ʵûҪȥҡ

Ȼˣ¾ֵǴȥһЩ㻹ûмĵط
ǻûȥĵط

˵Щ̵װʱĶ
Խ۵۰ϧ̲סĴ, ŵû£ȥľȥġ

Ȼϲȴֲ
ϲ, ǿˡ

¾ͷĵȴ˵Ļ˴ŵ·ߡ

ͣ
ͣʱѾȫڣڵʯɢŹâ

¾ȴ
ϸΪñ󣬲ŵˡ

¾̧Ҳû˵ʲô

춼Ǻɫ
ϦҹǵͣСȴ洫
вֵűֹơ
¾ӵľ飬ӦˣӼ

ھź¾ҲѯǷпˣӼˣֱӵˣˣӼȥ

Ϊ¾϶ûм

ϦҹĽϲ̫ƽİҹʹ󣬲ǣ˳ȥ

إͽ

һ߳СӣܸоҹַǷ
ĴŵƽʣÿһֵϷźҲŲʵƣС̷ڽֵߣߺź
ϦйصС̷ߣʵƣӵƣзݵȵȣЩŮӻϲ

¾ûעЩһ۱ƼЩԴ֮ء
вΧһɽ˺Ⱥм䣬ȻˣӼ
Щʱ»ʱŪ裬ж̣ͣˣ̳

¾߹ȥ֪ͼһԵľ¥
¥ҲУ¾߽ȥûпȥк¥רŵС`ǰȥ¥ϵһ°ᡣ
ǰĴ⣬ؿЩˣӼ

¾Щ⣬ʱ˵ˣ¥ڶһܶλӣȻ˳
¾ɫЩӼûʡ

ۿӼָоȫͬʱʲôʱۼʱ¾žж𺳡
һɴò̫񫣬¾ʶ̧ƿ

Ŀˣûš

ֻǹһᣬΧӼˣע⵽˾¥ϵ¾
Ҫվ¥Ůӵɫ̫ޣ½վһһЦǵĿⲻԾ
һʮʮ٣в̧עӹ

ͳֻǼĿģһֱš
ڣЩ˵£޿ˡ

¥̧ЩˣҲѲվڴҲǸоһ˿Σգȴ֪Եɡ
ֱȴͻȻ˹ϡ
ǲע⵽ŮԺվˡ

ͻȻ˴ǰĹ⾰ڣ¾Щɻ
¾ע⵽ɫЩѿ

˺ܿȥû˵ͻȻشԵɣֻ˺òã

¾ͷӦá

ǲϲǾͲ
¾ЩȤҲԸᡣ

״ӲŽѯʣ𣿡

¾ҡͷŸùţʱȥĵطơ
쿪ڵ¥ȥĵط䡣

ѺڽЩ˵Ѿͷ壬ֻҪһ뵽ỹҪȥ˲±˿Ҳļʡ
۵׵˷ܣĿеġǻظĸȥЩѵá

˾¥ߵǰţǺš
뿪ʱ¾ע⵽¥дơ¥
ŵҲӭж⣬ֲ˲кСϰᣬԭ¥µġ

ֵвδŮӣҲ䡣
ѰԵ

¾ʱĿҲֵ߷ߵ̯λ

ĿƬ̲ơ

¾ȥߡ

ϲĻӦá

ԣ¾Ჽȥһߵ̯λ

С̷ϰ飬һ۱֪

ˣ𣿡

ǣ֣һ֪ޣ̷ϻ۵ػ˷ˡ
Ҳȷû



¾Űڷ̯λϵߣƣһֱֻţ¾̫㡣
֪ʲôɿ֣תȦļϣ

С̷ϰƼˣǷޣΪ¶ǡ
С̷ϰҲƳˣǰ˺ǽλˡ
һ۵ҲǱ䣬ڴǰλʱǳ顣
ǲ֪Ǿλٹˣ˶
ǰյ˵

¾ûעЩ˫ֶ˺󣬱㴹ѡ˼ߡ

˸ǮСѣǮ٣С̷ϰǻϲæ˵˼û
ףλͷϣͬġ

⻰Ѿתȥͷɢ˲٣ģإõ˽ָ
ת߻ȥ˷С̷ϰ塣

һεĿ࣬С̷ϰɵˡ
æ˼û

¾ˣЩɻȴûƼ̷̯λˡ
ʣ̷ϰں˭˵

ܲߺô

ǣߣһĮ

Ŷ¾ջ

ҹͬϦҹԽڽϵ˱ԽǶࡣ
رԽӽǵʱӵƵĹԽǶࡣ
һѵȺںӱߣĦ࣬Ϊ˷źӵơ

¾߽˼ۣҲźӵơ

ԽԽ࣬ĵɫȴԽԽ
Ҫ߽̯λӵƣסȥһ΢û˵ĵطʾإȥ

إ

Ҳ߹ȥƣСˣūܲҲȥơ

¾ףϲظإ

ӵƵЩ̯λԱΧŲӵƵˣإͽȺܿ㲻ˡ
¾Ҳջۡ

һֱǣţĳЩ¾һ㿪ڵɿҡ

Ĵȴû

¾ֳ˺ҸҲ

ɿ

¾ӲŸó㱻˹ȥùӣϸϸΪĵĺ󣬲żԵز˲Լðĺ
ǣ

¾ոм
Ҳ֪ǵɢ¾ûпڡ

ʱͻȻ
¾һϲ͵̧һõ̻ǰš
״¾æ쿴

̻

Щ¾ִ˳ֱۺ
Ϊ֣ټ̻ŵ¾ڸ˽

ʵһֱ˵ʲôֻŬḶ́һֱװû

¾˼󣬲ż˵׻Ӧˡ

ԣ¾ջؽ
ס֡

̻ãֻǿſЩۣ¾ִ˳ۣŷ϶ȥһֱ¾쿴

ƺˡ
Ĳòջֻȴһֱע

Ǽ죬ȺӿȺƺͻȻӿӱߣܸؿ̻
ķҵĵطвӿ

ǣľֻܱ
¾Щ˼öأſҡ

򴽣ɣЩ

˶עǣ¾죬Сſҡ

һ˫ˮҲ˸ɬüֻ˼󣬲ɿǣҡ

¾ûǣ֣Сǣ䡣

ƺǲǣ䣬¾̧֣˵ͷת˻ȥ쿴̻

̧¾˿
̧ȥ̻

̻Ǵӽ߷ŵģԴʱӿڽߵرࡣ

¾ſţͷЩˣջۡ
һ̣¾ͻȻע⵽ǰ߹ȥˡ
¾Ŀһ١
ʶ̧ȥŮӵȴֱ߻
¾üɿ֣˳˼ͼס

ҲʱͻȻһȺӿʱʱ˴һ㷢ַվԵŮӲˡ

ĵɫһĿѸٵȺѰңʱȺŮӶ࣬ñŮӲ٣ûӰ
һȺӿܿɢ̻ȴ죬䲻ӿôˣȴûӰ

ѹסͷĻң

ʱû
ĵɫ壬͵˼

ҹ˲һˣ

⼸ҲԶӵƵإˣɫһݣת˻ȥ
Щ⣬ڸǮźӵҲæ˻ȥ

ĵɫʮֲֵֿκ˲

һ٣ɤЩа

ԣˣǷ˲ˡ
ɽڷ߰˲ٰ
ʱɫǹң˰ֻ֪߸аȴɲðգ˷ֵ

æȥ

                        
лҪ˵СֱǸĶЩ

54

¾˳Ⱥ˼, ûץס
ڽͻȻӿ, ֱǰߣͣ
֪˶, ȺŽɢ¾Ҳ֪ǵ˺ε, ΧĻ˵Щİ
ˣҸ뻶ϲ, ⵹뷽졣
¾, ӣˮƽϸ, ٺӵںƮ, ˸

һĻ¾΢侲Щ
仹δӽӣҲǺԶʱһ·ںӰ˳ԭ·أҲҪ˶ñ߻ȥ

Ǻ·ǵǷˣżֻš
һ·ڵɢ, ʱǣû뵽ȻԼɢġ
һ뵽ܻᵣ, ¾Щ߻ȥ

ֻ¾תʱĿͻȻע⵽ڲԶµˡ
¾ģ¾̧סŮӡ
ʱŮҲˣȻ¾ñŮӻһ۱ϳ¾
ϲùϣ¾֡

¾㡣

վŮӶĳƺҲŻĿ¾ϣֻһۣŴ󺰣Сɩӣ

Я߽¾

ƊһС˵ģ˫鶯¾㣬ô

¾еɻȥڻӦϦҹ

Ҳһ䡣

£ƊԵԥЦŵһһȵϦҹǸóһ䡣

¾΢΢ԥ

ԥذ֣СɩͿˡ

Ɗܻϲ¾æǰ¾ֵ¾㣬зźӵƣ

¾ҡͷûüš

״ƊתӹѾŵӵƣݸ¾һˬߣպӵƣһȥš

˵գ¾ӱȥ

ọ̈̄ƊûԥһԥЩίŲǻ˵һ
һ뵽ǸӵǱСɩӷŵģԥͷίҲûôŨˡ
ǺӵܱСɩӷţҲֵˣ

ţԥת˵Ĳӡ

Ɗһ֮ǰСੲݣȥӱߵһС·¾˲ĺ¡
˺ӱߣѾ˻𣬵˺ӵƣƊ¾㣬˵ӵƺģ˺һҪԸ

¾ס

ƊȶȥĺӵƷ˺ϣŮ˫ֺʮ˫գܰҲϣӵҫĹâСϣгŮмֽߵ˼

¾ؿһԲ

ֱƊԸһ̧¾˫
ȻĵƊһţЩε
Ɗʱмֱץɬתƻ⣺¾㣬ôţ

¾ջۣȥĺӵطںϡ
Ŀؿźӵ˳źˮƮԶ
վ

״ƊЩɻ󣺡¾㣬ûԸ𣿡
¸һɴƊҲܲδԸ

¾ͷɤỺĺӵԵҵԵУԸ
¾źӵҲǺѣϾδŹ

Ե

ԣƊϵŨ¾㷽ŵƊҧŴ룬¾᲻Ѿʲô

߰ɡ¾תԥһԵš

״ƊȴͻȻ̧ס¾¾Щɻؿ
ƊЩ޴룺¾㣬ûʲôҵ𣿡

ԥһ𣬻¾㿴ˣƊΪ¾Ὺѯû뵽ȴתδпڵ˼ƊЩҡ

û뵽Ɗ
¾̧ǰСŮӣ˫峺дϺͿϵĵ
ʱЩߺͽţŮӵ˺ϼֽġ

ʵڷ˺¾ͲˣЩ£ҵġ
ʱƊ¾չǷŲСڣҷſǣˡ

ҲΪ¾Ը˳߼ҲҪסƊ
Ϊʶľٶ
¾˺ܵ˵ĸҲܵƊ¾мָ顣
Żڿ֮ʶ̧ȥס

¾ĻһƊ˾ӣ˫˸糺졣

¾㣬㡭㶼ˡ
ƊСֽһͣȴֲҸνֻͣԽԽңҡ

¾𼱡

͵ɤƊĽؾȴЩ¾԰˶Զ
Ɗæ̧ס¾¾㣬ҡ

¾Цʱˣ

Ǹҡ
ƊҧŴ֪ôӺν͡

ˣ¾ʣǽԼһ𣿡

ǡƊæҡͷ·ġ

ԣ¾ͷûˣ߰ɡ

Ɗһ˫ŵ˫¾¾㣬㡭ûʵ𣿡
ֻҪ¾ʣһһ

ģ

һţ¾һ䣺Ǻʱʶģ

ʱʶ

Ɗ֮ǰԥٴΣ֪¾ʵʲôԵһȥǱ̤֮࣬÷ԥˡ
˵ƊЩߣٺҲһظġ

ԣ¾룬ӦһһȥǱ̤ʱ
ǵԥʱҪȥ÷ֵľ¥

¾ĬƊЩģæ֮Ƕûټ棬ֻǺֳԥΣšǣҲΪɢˡ

˵棬ƊԽԽС

ȻţҸȴβסһ˿밮ۣ¾ǰʱͬҲ
֪Щʱ˵ȥģ¾ֻܵмɣĪ񡣡

Ɗͷ֪
˵գƊ¾ҧС¾㡭

ɤﻹЩţʮֵ˲

¾֪ʲôЦЦʶ㿪ڵպ£˵˵

ԣƊЦˣصصͷ

״¾ˣǹȥɡ

Ɗæ¾Ĳӡ

ֻǴ߹ȥʱԥȴֻһˣ˽̸
ԥǣûѾ߽ԥӿˣЦ塣

Ŀ⣬ԥ˹

¾δݣھǱʱȴԴʱ¾㸩
Χвˣ¾δ

ͷض񡣡

ֻǽնȴվһˣһСкԼĪʮ꣬ӲߣСȴµ壬ӻƫڿ߽Щµ㡣

¾˭ԥܣ߻Ļ

Ļ߻ӣ
¾Ȼ

ԥŽͷɻ˳Сɩӣһ˳𣿡

أԥʡ
ѵûСɩһ

£¾ı͵һȻˡ
뵽ڴ˴ʱͦã¾ЩסˣæӦɢˡ

ԣԥȻ˵ôܻСɩһ˳

һԵƊԵ¾㣬һȥҽ

¾ҡͷֱӻظ
ôҲ֪ҪҵʱֱӻظűȽ׵˵ûҵʱҲѾظˡ
ûлظظűɡ

ԣƊͷظ
£ԥ㼱ææƊĻҲһ͡

ԥһü˰ƊЩ죬¾Ɗ

ƊͷӦС

ͺðˡ

¾ʹ˸ǣ̧ʱȴͻȻע⵽һĿ⡣
Ļ

Ск󣬵Щ棬˸ͷ̽
ĿҲһֱͣ¾ϵİ׻ϣЩС档

¾ע⵽ˣڿĿ󣬲֪ģŲͻȻͣ
ж˼룬¾óİ׻ߣݵĻǰѯʣϲ

ĻǱͻľٶŵˣһ˫˾֡

Ҳû뵽Ȼע⵽Ļ
ԣҲŴȥ
ĻȻЩ£ȴûһȥЩСֿ̧ǸߣųȴҲҪֽ̧ӹԾԾԡ

״ջûпڡ

¾صȴĻظ

֪־˶ãżĻص˵ͷ

¾ܰɤŵͣҰ͸㡣

һȺ򣬲żĻСֽӹ

״¾Цˡ
Скӣмǰĵܵܡ
رǵĿ⣬¾ǰÿڲʱһ۱ܿſĴߣԹԵ
ˮͣΣҲϣ

¾ܿվӣûĻСؿڵлл

ĻȴˣЩȵشһĻ
һ̧¾ڸǡ

¾Ҳ֪üȥڸǺƊת
ԥҲŴæ˺󣬸

ֻǻû߶ԶͻȻоȺӿ
һȺӿƷţӿӱߣǴӽֵͷֵмӿ
ӿȺУЩ˵ϳźº;š

״¾⣬ƊҲЩ⣺ô£

ԥһ·ʣô£

ѲֻͣӦ˵йٱֵκ˲

ͻȻֵĻ̡̻ԴʱЩ˵ӿΪ¡

¾˵ĻظȴЩҡ

ٱͻȻֵͷȺֵм䡣
ԥٴ̽һСɩӾֱֵһͷȥ
Ǵвٹٱ

״ԥҲ˲ϼ̽ˣֻᲽȥƊҲظ

¾µĲԽԽ죬ҲԽԽңԤУ

ԽǽӽֵͷȺԽϡ裬ֵĳ治ڣֻʣ¿ռš

ͻȻҵԶ

¾̧Զв˴
ֵͷŵĵº⣬ֻԼճϸߴӰ

¾ĲҲͣ

ֱԽԽ¾ŵԿΪˡ
ǷŵװϵϢȴ¾Щİ

ھ¾Զĵطͣ

ԥҲЩɻ֣

˷¾һ߽
¾ҲʶᲽ˹ȥ
ֻ˵ĲӸ¾ҲһСѾߵǰ



¾ỽûüݣͻȻᱧ

ı¾תɤĮ˻ԥظ

إǡ

                        
лҪ˵оЩ춼ǰ˯ѣϡ

55

˱

¾һ, ͬ, ûĸо, ˫εػ¾Ȼᶫᡣ
ߺХ, ûзκֻһһڵ, ռŵĳַ

¾, ݣҲ֪飬¾ܸо, ܲȶ
֪ͻȻɢŵ, ¾һ·϶ܰ

ֱظڽͣ
¾˿ڡ

ץ

ԣ¾ԹԵͷ˫ץ
ץŸо˷

վڵ棬һֱ̧㱧¾
ȴûзǾֱתᲽ߽Ժ

·ϣ¾̧Ҳֻܿ˽, 촽ŹѵĹâ
ϵϢ࣬, ȴֲ̫

¾ȴһɲ̫õԤС

ֱ˷ڴϡ
ȡñ¾ſݡ
ڵȴЩ

¾Ὺڡ

վǰȴһֱ˵ֻһ˫ڵûе׵Ķ˲佫¾룬ٲ

¾ЩСڵ˵òã

Ůӵɤɫ˸һ˿ţһĻվǰ˵ɶ˼֡

ȥˣ
ĵɤƣɬڡ

˵¾΢΢Цˣͣڿ̻ʱ俴ƊˣԱ˳˼ס

ȴûܻͷ

ע⵽˫ɺ죬¾֪ͻȻɢŵˡ
̧֣֡
֪ôһ¾ŷ֣־ȻĻ

¾Щۣ˫ס֣ŵԺ󶼲ˡ

ҲһֱƊԥڡµġ

ģûµġ

ŮһֱڿءС֪ͣԽǽͣǰ˱ԽǸ

ֱ¾ͻȻȥһǣȻת˻
߻ʱȴһޡ

¾Ŀϵĳϣ󣬷⣬ʮҫۡ
¾ɫȴмãȻɻ󣬿һ߽

򴽣ĳ޵ݵ۵ס

¾ûӣ̧ʣʲô˼

˿ɬһһؿڣҵĴûл㡣

ԣ¾ʶҡͷǰ˻ڼڡ

ñӳҡ

£¾ŵ̧˵ʲô

İѱǰ˼֣ɤƣ๣š

ıĿ֣¾ŷӦţǵص˼ӿ

ǵģⲻĴ

Լɢġ

ǰȴִֵҪӹӳ



ҵĴ͸ñ

¾ҡͷıԽԽ¾ʮų⣺ѱûȥ

£ͻȻͽ˻ȥ

״¾ɫһ㶣ͬʱҲ˿Ϊˡ
û뵽˾ͻȻеıӶڵϣתһԵǽȡһذס

ɤܾҲ棺ǻһ

ذ׳ʵ¾Ķ𣬽ţ¾ذ׵ĵݵǰ־ڷĵϣ˲˿˿Ѫϵ

ȴڵ˫ɤºͣûл㣬ԣͷҡ

¾û뵽˼뾹˼ˣŴӵϵѪ¾Ķ
ǰҲһƬɬȷòã

˲ɵҵĴñ

ԣ¾ֻܵҺ¡

仰ĵɫڱˣ˵¡
ǰƽĶҲͣ

¾۲ɫ˵ºƺԥôһ˲״¾Щŵؿ

ţ¾ϵ

ͻȻڣ¾ûüӦǰذױ˻ȥ
ŵԥ㽫ĵлۣ˲ѣ¶˵ı۰򣬻ӿѪ

һĻ¾ͷ𾪡־塢¡ۡ
ȻĶȴûͣ
һ¾͵س˹ȥҪֹʲô

̧𵶱¾˲ֱ̧뽫ϵذߣҲûע⵽̧ȥץǵС

۵Сִǰĵɫһţ˲һֲ֣֮塣
ƺһͣ͵ؽеذ׶ڵϡ

¾Ҳ˳ץϡ

ܱܿˣ˻£ɫҺ壬һס¾ļЩѯʣ֪֪жΣգ

¾͵̧أʲô

ֱ̧ǰ˲ע⵽ʱѾ޺˫ۣһĨʹĵġ
סȻˣͷң˫ֲޡ

˵ɤɳƣ󣬿¾ǰǻ䲻ͣ
ֻһһޡ

¾Ҳ޵ģҲ֪Ϊ»ۣƲסֻܱޡ

Խǿޣ˵ıԽۣҴˣޡ

ҡ

˵Щ¾ӱ

ĵּǰȥϵ飬ϵѪȴĶͣ١
ֻܵ׿һһȥϵۡ

¾ʱ뿴Ҳ˵뱻ףֻܾܡ
ԽǶ㣬˱ƵԽǽ

ڣ¾ֹסʱɳƿڣҡ

ĸ˵Ķͣ

¾ƿСĿȴֲС۰˿ϣֻһۣ¾㿴ȥˡ
͵̧ҪƿԶ㡣

Ƶÿ
ǵȣ˵ζܶҡֺ

¾йˣֻʱûпˣܽ

֪˶ã¾Ὺڣɿҡ

ԣĵ΢΢Ӳľ
ھһɿ

ʱ¾Ѿƽɿ¾ڣˣȥҩɡ

ǰ˲

¾̧һͻͻۣһֱطеĻҲӲ

ȥҩҩٺú̸̸

Ȼʱƽˣȴɲ뿪

ҡ˵˲ʲô

ȥ

¾ȴͻȻڴļ¾òֹסЩ̡

ˣĿеĻˣҿҲҵ飬ֻܲáҡȥҩޡ

¾Ϊỽ˽æҩֻȥĵطҩ
¾û뵽ûгӣҲû˽æԼԣҩ

۰֣ҩףû˰æѣ¾ȫȴһֱע
ܿ¾üζɿڰæȴ뵽ʲôӲ

ȻôӲܺĻԼʱҲϿ˽æҩҲæԼ

¾Ĳȥ

ֻ͹˵ǲ̫㣬ҲܵΪԼҩ
ûã˱ΪԼ˿ڡ

߽齱ߣŴʱŮӵˡ

˵ĿСϣע⵽ûٿˣŽ˼ɳڡ

ԣ¾Ųȥı۰ֶˣͷҲ˿

˵ɣΪʲôҪô

̧ʶȥ׽

¾ʱùԵͷм䣬ǷŵĻҡ

ŵΪٳֵڶΣ¾ʱ̬ȣӽԼ

£˵ĶȻͣȴмį

ҵĴûл㣬ñͷ

ʲô߼

¾벻ͨΪҪζԼϣֻŴԼɢģĴҲûг¡

¾֪룬ҺԼɢģأǱ°ߵġĲϸ롣

֪ûнĻȥ¾ֻͷֵãĴǾ͸ôͷ𣿡

¾Ǳˡ
ʱ𷽲ĳ¾־ľۣɬòֹסۿ

״ĵɫңޡ

¾ͷûԼֲ̧ɾˮ

ȥ֮ǰ᲻ܲˣɴʱȴңԵų⣬Ĵֻ̼ܿںޡЩСˡ

ⲻ֪⻰ȴ¾Խ

Сˣ

¾ûôĻ

ϧǰճܲʹĥΪܻ޴򣬱ˣСˡ
ң¾϶ʱֹֹͣ
ڻᵽһ¾֪Ҳȥ롣

˼·ˡ
ɢĹԼϣ˵÷
еĳͷȴСС֡

¾˼ܿ£ܼˣҲۡ
ˡö˶ʲô¶ô죿

¾ĿۣЩԱȻСͼ

һ֤¾ûпû뵽Ļºǰ˵˵ϵذס

״¾һ͵زң

ĵĶͣĿ档

¾ʱˣ˸Ͳ֪ΪΪοޣʱҲֻ֪˵ʲô
ҲɾýĴñͷ

¾һٿڣȥ

Ķذסȥģ

                        
лҪ˵ɡ

56

¾ҪȥҸطһ
ڲȫ侲, , һ˵ʲôߵĻܿԼ, ĺ
緽ţ˵ˡ

Ǹɵ, ǧʧء

ס¾ʵӦ, Ϣ

һƬǽ, ˯

áǰ߽Ҫ

״¾ʱһ, ܿĴ

˵Ķһ, ̧

ڶһ̣¾ľЩˣʱҲ뱧¾ܣҪ̬ȣΪЩ²ٷڶΣҪ׸

¾ƿĿ⣺, ǽַ˯

ԣüڴ̬ȺǿӲС

¾̬ȸǿӲȻ㲻ͬ, ҾͲ˯

£˵ΪУУ

˯˯һ¾Ҿģⲻһ仰ܿƵġ
ķ¾ҲûҲûڣڳ̬ȴܼᶨ
Ҫôַ˯Ҫô˯

ڣ˲֪˶ú¾żǰƶһ

Эˡ

״¾ԥᲽƹ˳ȥ

ƿţʱ˲١

ĶС֪ǽͷ˳ˣ¶ģȴֲҽȥƣֻš
ʱƿ˳䣬Ϊ֮һ
ᣬ⻹ǵһμһαֳôԵŭ⡣

ЩģǰѯһǷ£Ӱſڣ͸ڷ
ɢŭ⣬䲻ɫϵϢȴǾɭֲ
еĻҲȥ

¾֪ˣʱϢ
¾ûлͷ򴽣ٵ飬ᲽߣͬʱŽȥƫ

һ㶣æǻӦŶŶǡ

˵գת˷˵Ĳӡ

뿪֮ǰСһ۽ɫķ˾ô½ˣ᲻̫׵
ҲûȻջ۵˲䣬Ҳ

¾ȥƫ˵һִϳ˲ٺģ˱ˮ¾ȥ˾ԡ
ԡ󣬱￴

˾վھſڣ¾һ߳˫

״¾վһԽ뾻ԡǰԸҪκ˽ҲС
ʱڿĿ¾֪ǿӲݣҲû˸

¾򴽣ջĿ⣬˹ȥ
ȴĽŲ¾Ĳͣ͵תҪϢˣ߰ɡ

Ҳͣ˲ӣֻ

ˣ¾ü뿪ڣȻַͲ˯¾Ļûڣ˯

֪롣

¾еĻûܵڣü̧

ǰһ֮ľɤƣҹȡ

ҹȡ

֣¾ıǼⷢᣬۿ˲ˣͬӾ̣ӿ

Ȳȹʲô°
Ѿ˵˷ַ˯߰ҹ˯Ȳȸʲô

¾ķﲻűҹ˯
ʱ⼸֣¾ıǽ˲ѡ

ɵӣ

ˣ˵ɫֻΪΪԽŻޡ

ޡ˫ɺ죬æԼ߽ǼϤ˻ȥߡ

˵ߣȴδվ￴
ƺҪȷٿ֮ߡ

¾ֱ˴ˣŬ̧Ҫǰصˮʵʵڵߣôἷȴɿ
ֻϡӲЩ԰׵ɫ

ֱִɤ

ޡߣϾߡ

һֱ˵ߣȴδ

£¾վǿƲסԼģ͵ǰĻ

ŮӽС뻳ĵһ˲رסޡޡ

¾ĻҾҪޣ

ҲҪܣȲȺûйϵ

Ҿǲ뿴㣬

ַ˯ͷַ˯ʲô

Щϧˣɹ󰡣һӶһ塣

ԼϻӲʹ㲻ʹһʹأ

¾һ߿һߵҲ֪Լ˵ЩʲôϡͿؾͽĻȫ˵˳ȥ

ںһԲֻڸܵǰʪŵ˫ӿֳ˿˿ۣһһҵĴޡ

¾ʱֹסᡣ

Ŀһһĵ˫ɺ죬͵ؽŮӱȥ

¾ҡ

һΣûͣ²ӣҲûз

ֱȥ˴ϣ˱壬¾Ķ߶һһصҵĴޡ

ޡ

¾˵ʲô˺ԼĻֿʲô˺ԼΪֻܼԼ
ã¾ֹסӣɤЩ;Լ˶𣿡

ûгӦ¾Ѿóˣʣ˾͸˺Լ𣿡

ûг

¾̧ſţ̲סޡ
ôôִأ
¾ʱˣô˵ִȥһƭĻڡ

ֿˣĶ˶ƣҪ˵Щʲôڱߣȴζ˵û⼸֡

¾Ҳָʱı˼ˣֻŬƽԼڴϵ˵˵˷ַ˯ͷַ˯ûܡ

΢侲͵̧Сƣȷûٿ˺󣬲վټڴϡ

áĸСϵۣҲܡ

վ¾ƿ֣᣺ȥɡ
֪ôһ仰ᶯ¾ʲôʱˣǲŲַ˯

֮˵˯

¾ϣһΣӦĺܸɴࡣ

á˵ʲôʲô

ƿһֻֻ֣һֻȥСϵۣ˯Ҿͳȥ

ԣ¾ü̧ƿһֻ֡

ھͳȥ

ԣƺԥôһ˲ŵá

վ˺ܾòŵҳȥˣúϢ

¾ͷӦ

Ӧؿһۣתȥ

ĽŲ¾ȥıӰ¾ȭģһһҪᶨûȬ֮ǰܺͬ˯
ִ̫ˣ˼̫̫£¾ģպʲô¶᲻䱾˺Լ

¾ⲻΪ¾ϧҪΪˡ

֪ĺȥɹִ֣Ϊγֻ֣һζ˳Ǩα겻α
¾Ϊڣ˷ַ˯
˵֮ǰ¾ַ˯һ侲ʱͬûȬ֮ǰҪһֱַ˯

Ȼ˵ã¾
¾Ҫжϲˣų⡢ᣬҪʶˣ˺Լ



ƿ˳ȥ

⡣
˳Ǹ밲

Ϊᾶֱ뿪ϣһֱվƫ⣬ȥ
ͬڷһҲҶ

ԼĪ˰ʱǲżһֱվڷĽ˶תҪƿ߽ȥ

״ʱѾȫӲһͷˮԣΪҪڷʱٽȥ

ͣôһĽ֪ΪҪͽַ˯ԸԲΥŷ˯ٽݡ
ôţŵĶͣ

ĻĿɨӹڷһˣɤƽֲп᣺Ҫ÷֪ҹϢ˭͸¶ȥˣ

£ڷǴ˸æӦǡ

ջƿᲽ˽ȥ

ڷűϵһ˲䣬˵˫һֹס¡

                        
лҪ˵Ǹ̫Ըˡ

57

Ϧҹ, Եֵһ, һҹ㴫龩ǡ
ڶһ磬֤ͨʹ˾, вٲӡ

ʹǵ

ߵ֪, ֮⳯ϣۺ춨Ȩƺ͵λ˲, ôһҹ, ˰Ʋ

һˣҲûϿЩۺɫйκα仯
ЩӣҲϷһ, ûκע, ƺʹôãܡ

ڣڻֿһӺ󣬲Żڣ⵹ˡ

ߵµ㹪Ӧ˵ǡ

Ǭĵַ˼ӣ㶪һԣ̸˵ҹΪĿŵطֵ

⡭ߵ֪

ǬĵҲûָ֪һӣҲЩˣǬĵ, üڣ

Ĳǳ嶯֮ˣı֮, Ǭĵ۵мֺ棬ҹǷ˺£ϦҹϷֵģĻ̡̻

ԣߵæǡ

ȥ



ʱ¾Ž
ҹֵ¾һ˯ʱĩ

۵˲䣬¾ʶࡣڿԿտյĺ¾ʶ˵ķַ˯
ϰ¡
ַ˯һ¾ҲûоκεĲӦҲȣ˯ú

¾ڴϣˡ

źܿ㱻ƿ

ȴǽѾߣġ

¾Ŀһ٣߽ûڴϣվڴ齱ߣ

ô㣿

¾Ŀȥأ

һֱɣ

ûлӦʣҪˣ

¾ȻҪ𣬶Ҫޣվô£

¾ıЩ֡

Ҳ֪ǿ˻ûп¾Ҫ¾æ𡣡

˵Ķͣ

¾ûȬ֮ǰ׼ҡ

ü

¾Ҳ׼ҡ

¾һҩҲϲѪζ

Ϊ˱ֳ⻰ʵԣ¾ſڴ߸Ż˼
׾ӵıݣȴΪ棬æҵȥĺ󱳣¾æüÿ

һɫѿֻÿ֡

˲֪ã¾̧˼



״¾żװˣѾ߽ݡ

ѾǾĿбӡȫעʵʵźվһԣϢԺӣЩæҡ

¾ޣݺ󣬱㻽źȥ

˽

¾Ĳһ٣ȥš
Ҫޣʲô

ôһ仰ЩѾǵĶͣ˫Ȳ˲

¾ûע⵽ЩѾǵԽˣԽӲǺ£쿪һ䣺ôˣ

˵ý˲񣬼һĨЦݻӦûǽȥɡ

¾ûж룬Ჽ˽ȥ

ҲԹԵûиŽȥ

ڷ˲ӺѾǱ˲ϵϢˡ

Ͻ磬뽫һʱͦ࣬ѾǻӦˡ
ڷվ˰ʱ磬îʱ˷ţڳʱڷ⣬ЩʱǶͽͬڷ⡣
ȻܹҲôһʱǶöꡣ
ʱǽһѾֻţЩ

¾ٳѾһ֮ˡ
ʱ˽ӡ



ԣ¾Ķһ٣Ŷ
ȴûٶԣֻôһ䣬㱻˻ˡ

ܿ죬˽ӽĵ

ҽˡ

¾ûлֻػӦһ

ʵ룬ϴʱ᲻Ϊ顣
ϾϦҹϵ󣬷ֵһϵĹע

˵ǽȴһֱû
¾ҲһֱûȥĽŲԱȥ

ļſڵȥ

˳ȥ

¾ɻΪͻȻˣǰǰһСڵ˫ʮ棺ҵֲ㣬۰Ҳ㣬㣬𣿡

ڣһֱû

¾ˡ
˲

¾ǸʱǹؼʱڣܹȴѾʹǰȥ
¾ֱ۾ĵطͣͷҧװɡ

ĳŵ۵Ц⡣

˹Ȼԣû۰ҲûֻסŮ޺Ĵɿ
Ƶˡ

¾ͷʵʻΪδʱ빬᲻Ϊֵһ¡
¾ûʣ룬ظϸʡ



˹ߵɣˡ

ʱǵڣʮְ
Ǭĵ۴밲һֱĬģü
֪ںѣһϹͷֲֻܿڣ֪Ϊ˺£

ģ֪

֪֪ܲ
˵Ϲ

Ǭĵ۱ЦˣָϺһ۵ƣⶼǽղӡ

˵ɣҹΪεֵרѡϦҹֵ÷зѹѹס

һΣĵĻظܸɴ䣺̽ӻؾļϸҹԵַߡ

ҹֵΪץϸ
Ǭĵƿڣץأ

ˡ

ˣ⻰һǽڡ
淢ߣôܻѣ

ҹҹ
ǬĵȴͻȻĻץһؼϢ
ϦҹԵֻ֣ܲһˣ

һȥԵֵ˭

ûпڡ

״ǬĵۣͻȻˡ
ߵ˻˭

ǰͻ飬ӦϦҪúôΪȢһź¡ԺѧʿŮչǵЩûӦʡ
û뵽ǰֱþͻ飬ǬĵֻӦˡ
ҹôһҲΪǸˡ

Ǭĵ룬ڣĶжӦԽɽΪأڶŮ˽顣

ô˵Ǭĵ۵ĵչǸЩϾһҪ㣬ܸƿء
ô꣬궮Ǭĵ۱רŵ佫ϰ䣬ĥ־ΪľպһΪЧ
ʵ֤ĸʺϽλӣҲ
ȴһ㣬Ůˡ

Ǭĵ۲¸ȨҲλȨأжҪҰĲŸɱҲġ
ˣЩģЩ곯֮ϵķǿֻϲܣĵֲ켺
ΪˣǬĵеȨƣ㣬ߣǬĵ۸ġ

ˣзִͺã޻ѹ

                        
лҪ˵СѾķˡ
۶ѽ뱦ǸСһְĻᡣ

58

¾һֱڵĻظ, е㵣ġ
ź, ҲĻظ

ԵˣҪϢˣ

¾ҡҡͷ, ٵȵȣȻ˯

ֻôһ, ˽һʱ
ֱδʱ¾żƽ, ˵ǽظˡ

, ¾ѹӵľ⣬ȥ
Ժſڣߵġ

Ҳ, µĲӿ߽, üôûݣ

¾û뵽Ȼһ۱㿴ûݣûлӦʣû°ɣ

ΪλͻȻ빬

᲻Ϊ

һǼ⣬ؿŵģһ
ΪԲû

¾̧ȴĻظ

ֻһ͡
ʶΪԲûݺȴˡ
Ȼˡ

һֱȴӦ¾ü, Щż˵ѽ

˻ͻȻǰһᲽȥû¡

, ¾˿
һ˲ͷӦôڱ
˵ûȬ֮ǰ׼

¾˼£ҡ

˵ûȬ֮ǰ׼ң

ٲңҾͲˣ

졭ʮ졭

¾ôв˶ûз

Ĵݣֱȥ˴ϣŷ

¾Щ
˵ҪҲأһУִҲҪˡ

Ϣ

ڶ

¾ûҲûĻϢ

֪ˣţͻȻΪλޡΪλˡ
ΪҲᵣ

СĵһţڳŵԺ󲻻ˡ
ˣҲġ

⻰ǳ¾ϣҲ˲ˣ̧˵ģ

ĺЦȻΪ

˵Ȳ˼վͻȬ̧֣

ԣ¾ĿϣɴҲ֪˿ϵΣһ£ջûлҩ

ĵȷˣϾЩСˣ⣬ҩ
Ȼ⣬ȥҩ

Ϣȥҩ

¾ͷ˹Ჽ߳ȥҩ

Ҳ֪᲻ỽ˰æҩ˰æԼܲУ
Ȼȥƣ

ȥ¾ĶЩҲһֱû˯˼ҲԺġ

ҲҺ¾û˯Ϊһʱ䣬Ķִ߱˽Ų

ƺΪѾ˯ˣ¾ҲװѾ˯ۣûһоԼ

¾ĬĬ룬Ҫȥ࣬ȻԼ˯ɣ
²¾ֱ۸һȷĲ²ʵ¾͵˵

һ¾Բ彩Ӳһ˲
ôһϸ΢ķ֣¾ȷ˷룬ҧ˵ûȬ֮ǰҪַ˯ǲ͵͵ܣ

Ҳһ˲ĽӲָ֮ûаֱץĻҡ
ĴԾ治ɫذ˴࣬ŵûϴ

¾һȥվڴ齱߸ģȷûڴϡ
ǴʱûڴϣҲ׼Ŵ

¾ͣʣΪҪұȥࣿ

ö˶˯ţԵ޹ʱȥ࣬˾֮ģ·˽֪
ôͣ

ŮĹĵ׷ʣĲ治ɫЦЦŵ˯ڵϡ

¾Żڵϣ

֪Ͳôˣ˴ץ
ȻܷһΣͻеڶΡ
¾ҲżʱץУ

ֻÿһҹ¾װ˯Ȼ¾װ˯˯
ÿһ峿¾ֻÿһ۶磬ֵȷֻһˡ
ַ˯ˡ

¾ѯʹҹˣȴᶨһ⣬ͳһھҹ䷿ϢֻһˣķϢ

¾ˡ
˾ͺã¾⣬ʶˡ

һת㵽Ѯ
ĵҲȬ˯ˡ

ԺҲ֮һ⼸շòĨǵش̽ǲͱزסˡ
ڵǼڲϵģйأʱ̾裬û˸͸¶ȥ
չˡ

¾ҲܻϲΪȲ˼գñˡ



һգ¾ùź󲻾ãϵ˱
ˣ¸Сˣջһ𣿡

⼸գ¸ĶС㼸նǶգҲΪܼˡ
ȫؾ
Ҳ⣬һ

˳ȥ󲻹һʱ䣬¾ּݡ

״¾üЩ͡
⼸Ҳ֪ǳʲôҩնţ˵˲Ч΢ס
Դʱ߽¾Ϊ㣬ֱӿڵԺ󲻱ͨˣ

㶣֪ˣæˣƊС㡣

Ɗ
ԣ¾ϵĲɢȥ˽ȥƊ

һϦҹһǽδ

¾㡣Ɗ߽ȿڣȡ

ʱŸչʱգƊһ·ȵûš

ʾ⣬һСӳʸƊ

Ɗ˹æȣԹҲ֪ʱꡣ

˵Ҳ֣㲻¹ꡣ
Ҳߣȡ

¾ջô߶ʱûãôȣԱҲСӸƊȡ

ƊŴ¾Ϊȷ磬ãŴϣ˺ˣҲˡ
ȥ¾ָˣƊЦصл¾㡣

¾ЦҡҡͷƊ֮ԻôȣΪԺʹù˱ûзűӦˡ

ƊŽʱˣ쿪ڣ¾㣬ҷڸƼ¸ĶСˡ

¾ɫĮ

ɫƊϻ۵ز⣺ˣ¾㣬Ϧҹظûзʲô°ɣ

Ɗ֮ԻôʣҲΪҽɫ̫ÿ
ǲ̫ÿǷǳѿ
ڶձƣԥǵȼ
ƊҲʹԵɣտڲԣֻ˵ȼ
Ɗϸ룬˼ղ

¾û¡
ʲô£µҲ

ԣƊˣ¾ɫйҲµӡ

ϵرģôһƊ˲ٺ
ȵġ

Ɗٲ꣬ƻд󺵡

Ɗ֮ǰ˵ôһ仰¾û뵽һߡ

ղȣһֱµ׶ûꡣ
һʢˮʳǬԪ
󺵣¿δ£ׯڿҲֻ＾ճɻߡ

Ϊˣϱд飬˺ӣĸˮ뽭Ϲȡ
һûճɣǬԪͦ궼Ĵ󺵣ǬԪͦȥ
Ա˺ӣ˺һ޳ɣպ´󺵣ҲΪ塣

˺̸̸ףȴһɵḶ́˸飬ȴû˸վ
һΪķѾʣ͢˵˭ܱ֤;᳷ʡߣǲôһһؿ˺ϵʽ𣬿Ҳˡ
Ϊ̽ѵʱղ٣ôһȥؾңңڡ

˭Ҳ뵣´˵ȿϣ֮£һʱ֮䣬ûվΡ

𾪵ǣպ󣬶ӧǰϼ๤˺ӡ
ΪˣʥĴãطΪֲܲʿǲ



Ӹ

û뵽񾹻ӧǰϼ๤˺ӡ
縸ڳϵЩϧĿޣˡ

ʲôд֮磬سɴ
úѧѧ£ĪҪ꣡
ЩģǣʾȻΪܲ

αӣ֪Щָʻģ

һΣȴߣǻҡ
ѾΪܲҶ޲ڣҲвٴת˷ģ޳˺ӻؾôһоͶˡ

ʲôͻȻȻҲ򸸻ӧͬһ๤˺ӣ

⻰ͬĻŵ

һԵĻ룬ҡҡͷ˾ٲɡ

ѾӧһҲʱһͬ๤˺ӣûϻġ
ߣϲӵģҲͬʱλȥ๤˺ӡ

˵ô죿ɫѿ֪͸ӧãܲ

Ļų˼һ˲Ӳ룬ΪλӧΡ

Ⲣһò¡

üΪʲôΪ˲øʵĻģ

ԣĻֵûϻĵķӺܶ࣬ɲôһֺõĲ¡

µȷǳֺãϣȻҲһնûд󳼸վ

лֱ˵Щǻ

ĻŻǰ̽Ӵ̽Ϣڣӿɻǵǰ̽ӻظϢ

̽Ӽӵӽ붨ߵýҼ˽档

Ȼǵô£˼ǡ

Ļûнŵȴ˳Ļˣ˼ǣ֮ͻȻԸվ£ΪѾĺı

ǰָʵĻģΪβһվ
վ˳ȻΪû˺֮ǡ

ȻΪ˾ĻڣĺıھǣܰԲٿء
˺ɹٻؾƱزСʱ⵹Ͳôˡ

ʵĻžöӴ˴뾩Ⲣǲһûᡣ
ӡĻŻҪջᡣ

£͵վջ᣿ʲô᣿

Ѿıˣʲô᣿
ԽԽҡ

ĻĪţ룬ѾھˣģǶ

ҲھǣǶӲ͹Ԯˡ

⻰ǵ

ȥˣĻŵӣǸŮ˳ɲ˴£ᵢʱ䡣

Ļ˵㡣

Ѿһ£ûκνչ
ĻŵѣʱҲɫ䡣

״Ļżӣһţɴս£Ȼ뾩ս

˶뾩⾩ﲻǻˡ

ʱ¶˺ɹٻؾʱҲľѳֲۣ

ҪһŮ£ʱĻžͲãʱӵһɷ磬ǡʱ

ĻŵĻ£ɫɺͣ۵ҰĲ˵Ķԡ
Ҫס뾩ᡣ

뾩˺ӣ˭֪˺Ҫʱ˵һ֮
һȫԽƿسеķ򣬴ɢĸ
뾩ģģȻˣһݣɴҲŪǡ

ţɫ㼤
İѱĵҲŪǣҲͲٵĻ򸸻ʽҷԸˡ
οȥҪŪһŵ£
ϾսϵۣսĽҲǶ಻ʤĲսģ

˶뾩󣬾Ļŷԣ⾩ˡ
Ѹߣ㣬ҪЩʲô練ơ
ߣʹܴϢ˵ǸʵӲҩ֧סģÿ£ʱղࡣβᣬʵ׳Լʱ˭κβ

ԽԽǣдţܴ

                        
лҪ˵˵ˡ
һѽºһ۶ǣСһֵĻᣬҰǡ
⣬СҪȥ

59

µ, ¾Ϊڿϱʱ, ˣһ¸¡
¾ڴüյͣЪ, Ϊ£ñճ̱Ӻ

⼸, ¾ᵽʲôȣӳĺ֪亹Ⱥ

һº, ¾˽һµӵҩ, һ£Сû̫ۣҲر
, ¾, ȵġ

ǰգ¾ֵشڷڣڵգ¾̲סˡ

񡣡

߽ô˷ˣ

¾Щѵ𣿡

ȰˬӦ˱ϣū澷ȥһ롣
ʱӻš

¾ϡҲԡ

˵ɫʶ˵ˣæֲǾū澸ȣ

˵, С߽ͼȡ

¾ĵֹ̾˽񣺡ˡ
ȳҲȷ, 粻ȡ

һ㶣Ƿˡ

¾ڿڣЩɡ
ʵҲûôôȵ죬ٲűˡ

񵱼ҡͷⲻС

£СòײŲˣûɲ̰

Ҳˣ⼸ǧÿŷˡ
²׼ºò΢׼˵Ҳûôмɲ̰Ȼٶҩûá

̰
ڣﻹ̰
¾εҲ̰ȡ

û£ȥ˷űɡ¾ֵ

̬ȼᶨЩΪѣ֪ܣ⣬Ҹñ

ˣū澸Ȱɡһ˵һСӸȷ硣

¾ȷȵĸģ񣬱ˣȥԸ˷űɡ

ǡЩԥ

¾ȥɡ

ɫԥ¾뿪ڰ䣬߱㴫˽Ų˽

ȥ

ˣɫһϲæ밲

߽¡

˳ȥ

ڷִݶˣʱСȵͨ죬ѯʣñ

¾ˣֻûʲôص˵ͷӦ

ظˣ͸ñˡ
ûظ֮ǰ¾ܽѹȣ񣬳ͬ⣬û̸
¾˽⣬ͬ⡣

ɳ¾ϣ˽վȻӦˡ

˵Ǿðɡ

ԣ¾͵̧Щϲ˵ģ

Ů˾뷽ŵ״̬ȫȻͬ
ˣ̲סĻӦġ
֪ȣʹ̫ҽˣڷٷЩ

ԣ¾Щȥ֣á

֪ôһŷ֣յָı
¾ԭҪһ¾ɿսˣһֻҲץȥع

ҵ

¾̧ϴ̺ȣһӴ֣¾³һ


˴´Сȣ֪⼸ȵòᣬ򴽣̧һֻȥС¡

ڷ˱һӷ¶Ȳܽ
ֱ˵Ҳù֮¾ڸܵһ˿⡣

Щ⣬¾˲ɿ֡
ѹӲ⼸ֵ쾡¡

Ĵһ۱֣ŮС۵Ĵз·ϡ

ˣĵ

ԣ¾ӦȰ
ע⵽ԼֵĿ⣬¾ֲͣˡ
ˡ

͵ֱ׶ʵϲץϴ˲

̧治ɫؿϻطҲġ

仰˵̫ȻƽɫҲ쳣ƽ¾Ϊ˵ģûж룬ʶѯʣĶ

ѯʣĵֳ︡һ˿Ц⣬ڻӦ졣

¾
ôǱģأ

۵ԵĲţĵġ

Ҫһ𣿡

¾˼ɵˡ
ֱ˵Ҫ
ָ£¾Ҳ˳Ļ˵ͷûв

״ͻȻ¾ɻĿУһ
ҧһʣСϡϣ򣬲ʣǲģ

ʱ˵ϢǱģôܲġ

¾ûϵȻˣЩ㵡

΢ɫ˵ЦһĴףʣ𣿡

ԣ¾ʶһ´ʱڱСţ㶵صͷȡ

Ҹһ

һʲô
¾ʱӦŵæС

ʱﻹвѾߣĻº󣬶ȥ˵ĻҲˣ¾ò׽µС

ҵĽŲȣ롣

¾С糺죬ĶףҲࡣ
֮ǰóѹΣ¾Ϊ黹֮һֱ
ϦҹҲһΣ¾ܾˣû뵽˽Ȼš

֮ڵľܾĻ˸ʷǸҿ

У¾ҧĻظûԥ֮ǰóѵǼξ˵Ŀ¾ˡ
뵽¾ֲۡ

״ЦЦЭúúã

¾ջۡ

ʱһͻȻ



إ
Ҫ£ŲѴʱ

¾˹ȥԵƺЩ䡣

̧ȥ˲ºͣС׺󣬲ŵҳȥһˡ

¾ͷ

Ჽ˳ȥ

إݣڿ߳תȥ

ȥ˳¡

ǰšإ繪ųȥ

ֽ̧ӹţԵɨ˼ۣɫɭ䡣

ܿ죬ǷűֻصإɤĮɡ

˴š
˵Ĵ˳˼

إǡ

һλʱ¾ԷЩ仯
ɫȴֿκΣһʱ֮䣬¾ҲȥǺתǱ仵
ֱڣҪȥˡ

¾һ㶣Ҫȥ
һ˲䣬¾ʶʲô̧ѯʣأ

¾ʱЩ䣬ȥ϶ΪսȻ᲻ǰһ뿪ǡ
һڽ
ǰκӰ죬ɴʱ¾´Ļ

˼򵥶ֱףһ۱͸ķ˲䱻ڻˣһȥ

˸׽

ԣ¾˲ЦˣЩʶ㿪˵׽ȻӦá

ʲôʱߣ¾ʡ

׽Щ䣬Ҳͣ͵̶ֹ̧סС˼ڣŻӦʮڡ

ʮհ¾Ҳ֪ʲôЩ

״ĳû͵˼㣬ŵȥͲٱˡ

¾ʶ˼ѯʣ𣿡

ȡ

Ǳʤء
¾˼صͷʣǺʱؾ

һΣûи׼ȷĻظ¾Ҳ⣬ֻҪܺһȥˡ
¾ţȴܾ˵Ǿٱˣ˵ȴּǲ̫塣
¾룬ʵ벻󣬱ûмˣġ

                        
лҪ˵СܾԺһ׼ʱ׼µߣԽĸ¶ʮһ㣬ٺ١

60

ܲǰϼ๤˺̵, ڰա

⼸, Ҳܲ, Աܼ
ۿܲձҪ뾩, ˾ŵС̫빬ͨ, Ļظǲ

С̫鲽߳, ΡΡʱվڵܲ

С̫ĵɫºͣڵõܼϢ, Ҳûаŭ, ص˵ͷɤţȻĸĸһ仰

ү뽲С̫æ

ĸ壬ǶТĸˡ

С̫ס

תȥ

ܲתȥС̧̫̾
֮ԼξܼܲΪܲӧȥϼ๤˺֮¡
£ܲȲδ顣
ܲ, ﶨȻͬ⡣
ܲôһȥҲ֪ʱܻؾ

С̫ʵܶΪλôܲձҪ뾩, Ҳɾܼ
ǲ̫ܲ
⾩ķ඼ǹܲۿʤգܲʱ뾩Ԥ֮±̫ˡ

һߣ˹
ѯʣүȥģ

ȥ

ԣԸʹȥ

ȥϼ๤˺һ£¾Ҳ˵ȴûзϡ
Ե˽ܲʱ¾Щ⡣

Եȴ⣬ɤƽܲȥ鷿

ǡ˳ȥ

ͨ˳ȥ¾Ե˵ڷš

¾һ㶣ڷڻȥģ

һֱؿӦ¾˵ͷá

ԣ˹˳ȥ

˺¾żĶ
Ϧҹ˵õģŻδȻ˺͸¾һֱȵգ¡
Ҳһֱû¾ǰҪʱ˱㾶ֱӻ˳һֱ׼ڵҪ

¾û󣬻֣ӱϴӵɫ˲٣嶼˼ϵζҲԡ
ͦãˣϴ

¾Ѿ˼գҲֻոβˡ
ٻʱ䡣



ȥīԺ鷿

ܲ鷿˶˲ˮźš
ſڵĽŲ˹ȥվ֡

Ჽڣɫܲ

ĳƺЦЦˡ
ֵ̣𡣡

⻰ĵɫ˼ֶݣ񣬵л

ӧȥϼ๤˺ӣҲṷǽս¡
İѱй˼ɣֱϽҷԻвţս¡
ֻһѹ£š
ĲŻ̽Ӽӵ񼸴˽»棬ʩѹ

֪лʲôЦЦڣӧ޹أ顣

λܽ˻Զ뾩ǣҲöĸ롣
Ȼ֪ΪҪս£Щȷ̫.֣֮Ҳֻһսߡ

ȥգ뵽ϣִȥСġ׷ڹ

бҪżɡ

һЩȴһֱѰᱨ𣬴˻һŵ
뾩ȥսģˣС
Ƿѳŵ£Ҳ㱨
ھԲٿأԶȥϣھҲӰһ



ԼĪʱ¾ӱˡ
غɻʤգ幤ǣŤŤС

¾룬ӣԽԽ죬һԽӶԱ˱ȣ
¾ĵĬĬ̾Ҳ֪ǿһˣҪġ
ʵҲûʲô˼ɻضǽĵΪ̫ˣᡣ

ģ¾ѯʡ

һȥ̽˺طˣ鷿

ԣ¾īԺ鷿ȥ
ֻڿߵīԺʱ¾ͻȻܲҲڸϣ˴ȥ鷿Ҳ֪û

¾īԺſͣû߽ȥѯһԺſڵˣܲ븮𣿡

˻Ӧطˣû

ûǾǻ鷿ȻˣͲ̫ʱȥ

¾˵ͷˡ
īԺֻŰùƣϾôƶ⣬£һˡ

ͣһ¾תȥ㴫һº͵ɤϤ



Ƕӵ

ԣ¾ͣ˲ӻ⻹һûñʱ
һ紫ţƶ

ܲ¾񣬴ʱˣ֮ǰȡñǶҲñµݣһ۱ϳ

ض񡣡˿Ҫȥ֣



롣һԲ

¾ףᲽʲô̧ѯʣ̣ܲ

ǡ

ԣ¾ףܲһ˳
¾Ĵ࣬㲻ʶ̣¾˾仰

Ц˼ԡ

¾ףһᲽȥȴͻȻĻϲ㡣

⻰¾Ĳһ٣ҴΪת棬˵Ƕл˵İ׻ߡ
ȷĻԭҲ񷽲Ż¾Եɡ

¾㶣û뵽һ׻߰ˣרŵһл

߻ӿˣ⡭

ͻȻ¾еĻһ٣Ŀע⵽ӭˡ

Ҳע⵽Ŀ⣬˹ȥ

ģɫ̫ÿ

һ߽㽫ǰŮţɫȻԲЦЦ

ܲǻҪȥԥĵ

Ͽˡǣ֣Ҿȸˡ

˵գתȥ

·ϣӲͻȻӦүūһƴʦ￴ŮӣǲǾλˣ

ҲΪŮӵĳ̫ҫۣƴʦսӼ˲ͣӵӡɺ
ڿλ˵ݺӱʶ
ֻǴʱŷӦ

ף

ƴʦŵӣÿ¶мȥϰΣƽʱǡʦڡ
ֻûע⵽ˡ
ϳإ磬ܲ²֪ݡ



ת¾ͷĵ̽˳
ɫΪյЩ
˴ʱ̽ͷȴΪڿɫȥ

תסߣڿʲô
ɤƽƽܡ

㡣¾ʵӦ


ԣĵɫһʲô

㷽ʲô
ӭʱ¾ЩԾһ¾ɫ̽ͷơ

ʲô
ԶԶ߹ʱһĻ
ƣڼʣڳԴס

Ҳ֪ʲôζû˵¾ˡ

¾˳

˻񣬴ӣ붼ûֽ̧ӹ

״¾Ȼ
ûӵģóƣǷ⣬Ȼٸĸġ

˾ڽӹӺڿУᲽ߽īԺµĲ磬ý
߽ܿ鷿¾߽鷿ʱһϣĿƽһϵжɴ٣û¾κηӦʱ䣬ҡ

¾һ㶣Щ㵣ĿҲʶܡ

Ŀ㣬̶̧֣סСֵҡ

Ҳ֪ʲôЩĪҪ¾һͷˮֻתƻ⣺ӡ

ӴʱѾˡ

Ĵԣȿҡ

պ塣

¾ˣֱ̧
ֻôһֱίʵ֣ôӢӲʣ¾ôһֱš

ã¾ڻڣܲ

ǵĳ𣿡

¾ͷ

״˵ɫһǾͼ

¾һֱҲܼǵĳࡣ

⻰¾˵Ϊ˵˺Ļһֱ
ΪͻȻ˴˾٣¾ԹԵĻֹ˲֪ãʣ𣿡

ԣ¾㶣ӦǷ񻹼ǵĳ
Ѿ׼ôظˣʱѯȴ¾Щֲ

ĺԽԽﴦԣ¾֪ΪͻȻôˡ
ˡ
¾롣

㡣˺

ԣ¾򴽺Ц֪һ仰Ҫô˵
̧Ĵף¾Ѿܲĳˣֻǵ㡣

׶ԣ¾ǼֺЦ
ʱ¾ҲͻȻȥ鷿ʱ˵ʱƣﻹȥġ
û뵽ԭ

仰˵ĵףĵǣͣ͵סֵݵҧҧݼ䴥·ĿУ԰Ρ
ԽͻȻǰŮӱϣֿС

̫ȣ¾׵Щܣοڶûֹ˵Ϊ

֪˶ã˲ͣһ˫ְȾ.
ĶϣͻȻڣС
˵ɤƣŨĿζ

ֻ£¾һ⻹һ

ܿ죬ɤڶܻȴ쳣أֻ׼ǵҡ



գ˵ʮڻȥʮ¾ڸһƬûвκα仯
ڸ⣬ȴܲƱá

ԽսԽԽڣֱʽսĽʿ֣ܵ򾩳
ŭʶ򾫱ǰƽ粨С

һգǵʮա

                        
лҪ˵

61

ƽ, 򾫱ҹ뾩
¾ڵڶһ̵ġ
δһ·

ǧ, ·;ңԶսü, ̲ݻҹ, æͶãϢ
¾̫, ·Զ, ָϴĲӣԱûӸ·С

Ĺ, Ҳͬ, ·;ϻԲ
Աеİߣȫ

вîʱ¾ӽУʱѾʱȴŽ뿪ǡ
ִʻ˰ʱ䣬ȴͻȻͣ

¾˫

ƿѯʳ򣺡ôͣˣ

еĳҲǰԵʱ, ̲ס˸ֻһԹιŵ˲ʶⲢĳ, ǰ

ˡ

¾ԣּǰ̬ȣʱѡ
ôţ㴫
һ̣¾˻

¾㡣
Ɗ

Сɩӡ
Ɗԥ

¾⣬붯ƿĳƊС

¾㡣Ɗ̧¾

Ɗ¾һ㶣æ

¾ŷֻ֣Ɗԥһ˶ûС
ԥƊǰġ

ôˣ¾ʡ

Ɗ򴽵¾㣬Ҫô˵һ

ƊҲǽһ磬ҹ򾫱ҹ뾩ڵ֪ºȥ¾㡣
û뵽ȥ˽󣬲ű֪¾Ҳڽһ뾩ˡ
뵽¾뾩ȥƊһҲûǰȥ׷ϣټ¾һ档
ڳԥԥ׷ϡ
Ǹˡ

ǲңƊʡ

¾Ҳû뵽Ɗ׷
δƊ𣬲ó𣬸ϲ
Żһ뾩ţƊʱ֪ˣ»źȴҲᡣ
ֻû뵽ƊȻ׷

ʱ¾ıСزһ£Ɗ򱻼紵Щҵķ˿¾̧֣Ϊ˳ˡ

û㡣¾ֻǲϲ𡣡

ȻһȥҲ֪ʱٻؾǻؾġ
ƊĿĲᣬ¾һؾġ

ƊӦ

¾ЦҵֻҴȥˡ
ںչˡ
һֻѾˡ

£Ɗۿ˲ˣʼƲסԼ¾㡭᲻

ȻʶãƊȴ¾Ųһĸ顣
ƊɥĸȻСʳԶҲȢޣһֱ谮Ɗȴ¾ϸܵһֲͬС
һ¾ദʱܵģů᲻֡

¾ĳŻѡ񲻴Ƕ
ʱƊУҲ˼ı顣

ҳؾģֲ𣬿ʲô¾ĵ̾ǰһֲ̧Ɗϵ飺ô뿪

£Ɗ͵ؿ޳ǰס¾¾㣬ȥҲҡ

ᡣ¾

һûȥȥҪдţò档



ǻؾһҪһʱңҡȥ㡣

á

ء
¾㣬һ᲻ô죿

ԥЩۣǰһƊĺ󱳡

ǰ¾ûʲôѣƊǵһˣҲΨһһˡʱⷬ¾֪δֻƊޣ

֪˶ãƊɿ¾ֻ۾޵ͨ졣
Ɗ﷭һŷӣݸ¾

¾㣬ϴҩŵķǵһƳ̣ǵڶƳ̺͵Ƴ̵ķӣȥһƳ̣Ҫ˰ʱҩá

ҩźõģһҪַãӻõġ

˴ʱ¾ҲЩԿء
ֽ̧˹ҩŵķӶã̧á

ԼĸܣڷЩҩźӵ״̬ȷ˲١
һʱûôҲҩŵĹЧ

Сɩӣһ·˳硣ԥʱǰ

¾˹ȥ
¾֪Ɗ֮ĽչΣҲ֪Щÿڣʱ¾̲סúô

ԥ֪صصͷġ

ԣ¾ֿƊˡ

Ɗ۵ͷ

¾ת

룬վڴϵˣӰҲԽԽСֱɢ
¾ھźЩ˸Уһֱûпڡ
Ҳ֪ΰҲûпڡ

һ·



һ·ͣͣȴڿջϢʱ䣬ȥˣ¾ִ
ʣµ·;Զ
¾ٶȣʻڹƻ¡

գĴȴٹĹ
ҲʱŵõͣǰУԭפϢһ̸·

ҹͳȴͻȻõ
ͳҵ飬Ჽ߽ӪʣʱվӪʵ͸ǰ
ͳ

ûлɤܵӡ

ͳһ㶣ǽ

˽¡

ԣͳ㲻ٶԣǡ
˽ʣȻ˵գǱ϶ա
սǲǰУԲŶִӡ

ȥɡĵ

ͳ˳ȥ

ջתԸإ磺

ÿնϢ˽գľѲٹǰеٶȻԽԽ죬ľҲԽԽ
ıٵȼۻȥŹգľͷȲסˡ



ֹһգ¾
ҹһջ¾ס
ձһ죬ջСˮ¾ЩƣȴԡϢ
ϣԡʱ¾Ȼ˯ˡ

ǽע⵽Ѿܾûдķ˳£ſڳˡ

ˣ𣿡

һû˻Ӧæ˼˵

ɡ

¾ǱѺŷȻ˯ˣʱԡͰˮѾˣֵģȻ·Ͼ͵òˡ
һгָ̾õ飬¾뵢顣

˽ȥź˸£Ϊ˽ͷ󣬲˳ȥ
˵ķŰڷ˵ķ̣ҹźˡ
˵ذ˯Ӳ̣ܺⷿԽֻȥڷϢ
ŷ˷ŰҲٷЩ

ҹǰʮ壬Բ¡
¹¾˵ƺҲܽ䷿￴һ
ڰջܾס
¾ûһ˯ˡ

¾˯󲻵һʱķϢһˡ
İδܷ֡

ǿʻһյġ

߽עŴʱڴ˯ðŮӡ
֪ڿ˶úĲŶ˶壬Ĵ齱󻺻Ҫ
Ÿҹɫ֮Щ룬ֻܿСһİۡ
ʱĸŷ֣޺Ľ԰ף˯С϶βסƣ

ҪĶͣ
˺ۡ
֪ǳƣ룬ʱ˯󲻻ȴףŪ

˽῿СҴỺ̰ϵϢ
Ķҩȴܽ񫡣

һҹû˯ڴ߿

ֱîʱڷҹİͻȻ˵ķ߶
ţű㱻ˡ
ɫ裬û뵽ǾȻ˴ģ˷ʱ˶ûܲ
ֻзإˡ

˸У˳
ǵĶһ٣ϥأ¼

ɫ䵭Ҫ

ǡ

˵գᲽȥ



һҹ¾˯úܺãһζûѹ
ֱ峿Ȼ
ùź󣬱̡

ڽʮգؽ磬ֻʻգɵִ
ͬʱ¾Ҳע⵽ʱ·ϵķ羰֮ǰһ·Ƽķ羰ȫȻͬ·;ҲԽԽͣԼɽȴԽԽˬȣ

һ·ŷ˵ӣʻĺ¾Ҳһ·ɽˮ˱߾
ֻǻ¶ͻȻת¾һ·кβʣ¾㲡ˡ
гҲòֹͣ

¾һνЩͷۣͽȴټ·ķ·ϻء
г̱㵢գֱʱ¾Ȭǲ̡

ֻһǣӭ˲ٵｫʿңƳ

ԪھԶĵطͣҲͣ
Ԫ䷭ɤŻˬ͸ǿԪ֮ӭӷˡ

⣬θӣǱڵΣձҲࡣ
ԭԼӭӷˣҹͻȻҹϮسǣѳ򶼳ǣȴҲòע⣬ӭӷˡ

Ԫһֱҽķ˺档
ӼǰͿʼ档
棬ʲôŮһĺʯĳǣҶǣϧ͵͵ؾΪܿһۡ

Ĵһ֣Ҳױפսḻģȴòʰ·硣
ʮ꣬һʮľǹӸԪãĵĶӡ
û뵽꣬ıֿʼ˷˵ֶκ嵽˵

ȻĲδ߹Ԫ䣬ǰ͵͵ؾΪȥŮˣЩԪԼϹµġ
˼Ů˵ӣϲŭɫģԪҲһ۱㶮
ټԪƼڵ֪ҹϮسǺŭӣԪԽ϶ˡ
Ͼɴδλҽ˴ŭٲȻŭɫѵһת
Ԫ䰵룬Ҫˡ

Եע⵽ӱʱԪʶ̧ͷҪƾʲôŮǣҶǡ˼ĺ롣
ʱ̧ȴЩʧΪŮӴñ

¾ضǿЩǰаɡ

ȻûܿݣԪѾ˰塣
ŮӺˬѣױϰжûеŮӻжһսɱС
Ԫ֪ԭŮ˵ôôôö˵ĶģŮӽǳ˸ԸеͶ

ֱؿñµ¾üŵԳƣ¾ֳԪ䣿

ԣԪʶųͻˣæ̡

·ֻʻգִ򶼳ǡ
򶼳磬򶼳ǵģ֮仹һسǡ

֮ǰ¾Ϊ˵ػսҷ׷סûеô⣬ٲʱǰľ

һʢͣհҵ
һ·¾˲ٵľ¥Ǯׯеֱ̣߶ӪҵС̷˵س˲義ӷ¾һ·سǣ޼

ڽֵϵŮŮУδŮӣ˵صŮ֮ƺ¾δŮӵͬС
ǵ뾩ͬƫƫûôɫҲΪһؼ򵥡
ҲŮɫƫ˵صĵйأɽΣȻˬƲϡչķԴķɫڡ

һۡͣ

Ԫܿˣҽĸۡˡ

ԣ¾ף̧ƿ˸ߵ£¾ȥ

һĻԪ䲻⾪ȣû뵽ŮӾߵ
򶼳ǵŮӣֱ߶ȣﲻʲô

¾̧Ŀǰİĸۡ⡣

һϲ⸮ϵĹܼҡ
¾ֲһվԵԪ䣬ʶʲôæ̨ףˡ

¾ףһԵԪˣ·;ۣȻظϢ¾ʹ˸ˡ

ԣ¾ͷˡ

ԪЩµְڡ
ֻҪǽǱְ

ԪתֻǽµĲӻûüȥͻȻһŮӵӲԶڳ˵ĶͬʱҲԪͣ˲ӡ

磬ˣ

                        
лҪ˵ٺ٣СϹ֣ǾͲҪʷϵһܿռܿա
͵ǡһʤء

62

һʵŮ, Ѻˬ, ƾӢ

˲ȥ
¾Ҳ˳˹ȥ

ӭŮ˸, ̬ǿƫԵװ, ȴܳгŮӵˬӢˡ

ԪҲͣ˲ӣ߽, ѯʣôˣ

Ůδ, ǷʣΪβܹ

˻мŮӵԣһ˵ʱ̬ȣܿĳ, ŮӵӽΪ, ˬ󷽡
¾֮ǰھﲻŮӡ

Ԫƺ۰ôӦҲδЦˣǡǰҲӡ

ˣˡ
ԪŮ߽¾Ƿˣ밲񡣡

ԪӣĿǰñŮϣԪĻºδԪĻ밲񣬶Ƕؿһ, ΢΢Ԫӣˡ

һԵԪܣˣá

¾ףá

Ԫ仹ȥسǣ˼, ʶ˺󣬱ˣиˡ
ʱԪӣˣԪ֮ǰ˵һ䣺ˣէԴ˵кɻ֮Կѯá
˵գԪӣúչ˷ˡ

ԪӣЩ̫ͷֵ߰ɡ
һضࡣ

ˣԪһЦ֮Ჽȥ

Ԫȥ󣬴˵رʣ¾Ԫӣ
¾Ԫӣ죬ھһЩֵĹദˣΪԪӣҲȥϣԪӣЩ¾ϡ

ˣզǽɡԪӣ

֪Ǵ˵صŮ黹Ԫӣ죬˽󲻾ã¾Ԫӣˣʲô

ԣ¾Ĳһ٣Ӧ¾

ԪӣգգۣŵҽԪӣӣӣ

¾ףδԡ

״ԪӣֵˣѾȡñˡ

¾û뵽Ȼ£ȷѾظñҲв㣬ȡҲɡ
¾̧֣ȡñݸĽ

ԪӣһգգעǰŮȡñڿñŮӵݺԪӣ۵׵ЦЩ̡
򶼳ǵŮӶ̬ǿΪԵųʱ䲻ܿòԪӣȴһ۱ע⵽̬վǣҲ˿˿̬һܴܡ
򶼳ǵŮмġ

ԣڵһƼԪӣ㲻ΪȻ룬ҽӭȢķҲˡ
ͬʱҲĵ΢΢˿

ɴʱƼñµݺԪӣȴǱһǿþòܻ
ڵһƼʱڸԵرȽ˺Ҳش

ǰŮӼ
ڻƼŮһ㣬ǱΪǽǻϵŮӣ֮ģġԪӣû뵽ʵпˡ
ƴСòÿһļãһ̧һʧ˻ǡˮһŮӣ̲סҡ
ļǵǰֲڣСۣ֬мֲݣȴڸǲסĹ⻪

ԪӣشˣʱԼʱ̲סȥһ֣һԱȣ֡

¾ע⵽Ŀ⣬ôˣ

ԪӣջԲ緽ǰ飬мʧ䡣

Ŷû¡

ܼҴ¾ȥ˽ƽʱסԺӣ¾߽Եؿ˿ĳ򵥣Ȼɾȴ˾þӵӡ

ƽʱס𣿡¾ʡ

ĹܼԣӦһԵԪӣƽʱסڹسǣ

ԣ¾سǣ

ǰԪӣһţŹʣգȻǳפڹسǣսȻ򶼳˰

¾ôˣֲûп˵аս֮ӣΪ̫ƽȻ
ԭˡ

ԪӣĻȴûнֵҹҹϮسǣ֪ŭŸջ򶼰գۻعسǣҲһҹȺҰ˵˱

ҹϮسǣ

¾ԪӣĻʶʲôɫЩţǽû£

£ԪӣЩŵؿ¾ôܻ£

ԪӣͷԺҽҼӢµжıսǷֻҪЩҰ˶Сආ

Ԫӣ˵⻰ʱųݾ飬һ˿˿ŮӵİĽ뽿ߡ

¾ע⵽ˣûзϣֻԪӣĻ˿¶á

¾Щƣ

ԪӣȴûҪߵ˼Ҳһ
ţԪӣִӴһţǰŮӳ˳ñҲ

𣿡ԪӣͻȻڡ

¾ûʲô񣺡ᡣ

ԣԪӣȣ̧ϸΣҲϰ䣿

¾֪ΪλѯЩҡҡͷǻӦˡ

״Ԫӣɫ˼ֹ죺ƽʱҽһ𶼻Щʲôѽ

ϰҲǸжȤ
Ƿ򶼳ǻᱻ򶼵ŮӳЦġ
ԪӣΪҽķҲҽһǷ䣬û뵽
㲻ƥˣԪӣ벻ͨҽһʱЩʲô᲻رģ

⻰Щˣ¾ü

һԵĽ״ڵҼҷˣҪϢ
뿪ˣӲ˲ŮӣųȫûԼˡ

ԪӣᣬȻƼλ˵òЩʱĵš
ŮȻòӹʮʲôᣬȤĺܣҽ´ʱϲҲ᳤ãΪ塣
ֻ֣վҽԣǺ֪ܲս

ԪӣվѵصҾȸˣٵŰݷá

ԣ¾ܼͿ͡

ܼҶֻȴԪӣˡ

áԪӣ죬ض͡
˵գתȥ

Ԫӣ˳ȥ󣬽ŷ޷޵ˣū澲ϲǸŮˡ

ǸŮ˷̸𽫾ʱע⵽۵ŨİĽˣΣǲ֪ܣ
뿪ʱһ˵ʲôʲô죿ضͣ
ǽֲĸۡǻǰԼˡ
˾Ҫ

¾ûϣֻСˣû¡
Ԫӣ࣬ӷŵ̸У¾ܲ³ҲǸʮС
¶

ԣ򴽣ҲٶԣĻǷ
ǲŸ˵أէȷ˽𣬶ҷǸԪӣڴ˵ػЩͷֻĬĬ



Ԫӣ뿪󣬱㾶ֱ˸
ӭѾߣԪӣѯʣҸأ

Ѿ߻Ӧȥسˡ

ԣԪӣͻȻͣ˲ӣתߡ

Ѿһ㶣æǳѯʣСȥģ

Ԫӣȥسǡ
պýʱҲڹسǣڣܽӽ

£Ѿ߱첽ǰȥסԪӣĲӣС㣬뿪ʱԸūȥسǡ

سս׷ɣԪӣСϰ䣬ҲսɱУԪ仹ЩԪӣ첻ȥسǡ

ȥ
ԣԪӣ룬鲻ǾĻɡ
ȥسǡ

Сͣ˲ӣתߣѾ˿ŵС㣬ȥˣ

Ԫӣȥˡ

ѾҲҽķ˽ջ򶼳ǣӦ򶼳ǵ˶֪£Ρ
ԣѾмֺ棺ǽѾ򶼳𣿡



Сķˣ

ԪӣȻˣȥġ
ˡԪӣӦ

ԣѾæ׷ȥ`ʣΣ
Ƕܺ档

ԪӣбѾһۣر˱죬ӦΡ
ģҲϰ䣬һǽεεŮӣûʲô
ʱԪӣ֪ĳɻһֱʧҲػ
룬ҽӢµˣǲϲŮˡ

Ѿһ㶣СҲ֪ʲôɫȣԻϲûٿڡ
Լ롣
ȻС˵˲ΣѾ߱Ҳûˡ



Ԫӣ뿪¾Ϣˡ
⼸նûôϢ¾˯ˡ

ʱԪڸȥسǵ·ϣȴͻȻ˳ѡ

Ԫơ

Ԫ˳Ŀ⿴ȥƥٶȽ
ӭˡ

ܿ죬߱㴫ҵ˵ǰسǵ·ϣ˿ǵУҲѡ
Ԫɫ˼־衣

ܿ죬ɫ㾡ɢ𾪡
Ϊӭǡҽ

ԪЩ⣺

һΣԪȴûмͣﾶֱֻ̤ķ·ʱµһ

л

Ԫһ㶣æȥֻܿԶȥıӰȲһҲ󲻵á
ĻҲȥɱȥ

״Ԫüҡҡͷ߰ɡ

û뵽гһܿġ
Ǹ׹밮ӵëͷСӣûаƽĮͺ壬ֻʣļ١
ͻȻԪǰ͵͵ؾˡ
ʱȲǰ˼ǣֲû͵͵ؾ

򶼳ڼ󳾰ֻܿӰٵشֵ·ɱȥıӰһ硣
ϸƣŷ֣Ϊ׵ǡҽ
ЩţǻӲҽ˼еӡ

Ļ˸ǣ
ܼӭĴ̤븮ۡԸܼңȥС

£ܼһûӦͣ˲ӡ

ĲŸմӹسδսۣϵѹȸʮ㣬üͻȻĿڣˣֱȥ½˸ҽ

򶼳õ򶼳ǳ½˸ϡ

ܼҹ



¾һ˯˻ƻ衣
ԣȣˬ˯

¾ʱһƬ谵
һ̣ǰͻȻ˵ơ
ţĶ߱㴫˽Ų

ϤĽŲһĽ
¾ʶ˭Щеزȥ˵Ӱӳ
δˣһμ¾ǵãھǵʱ
Сһ¡

¾Цˣ˳ڡ

ΥĳƺŮɤĵĲӶ˶٣Ծز˲֡
ţµĲӱˣƽ硣
¾ûüʱѾߵ齱ߡ

ƺ˼

Ǻʱظģ¾ڴϣѯʡ

ǵڹس

˻Ӧʱ

Ůӵĺ󱳽ݣ֣Ľ΢΢ɫ΢

ǣһ̣¾ͻȻ˸ź󱳱
¾ЩãȻ˫ſļͷϵĿЩ¾񣺡ôˣ

ڱüøˡ
ţͻȻᱧµ˵ࡣ

Ȼ֪ˤôţ¾Щ£˫ζæһֱֻۡ

ã¾żˡ

Ǻܲˣü

¾ôԶ⽫һµʱ䣬¾Ȼݡ
¾ʱŵһΪʲôˡ
ɫѿʮֲã¾һʱġȡԵ㣬

Ҳ֪ûȥüɽ壬ûãǸ

һ̣¾ͻȻɡ

űƿˣ߽ˡ

¾һ㶣Щɻ󣺡ǡ

˻ӦС

У
ΪҪУ
¾Щɻ󣬲ǰѾеɡ

ǰҽ䡣

¾ʱҲٺöʣֻа

ûһջ֣ؽֻ·;ۣϢձˡûʲô󰭣Ҳ迪ӡ



˳ȥ

¾ɻΪҪУ

ȻÿĴϢΪ·ϵʱ䣬ÿδ͵ϵϢܻôա
ԣڽŵ֪֮ǰⲡˣ˼ա
Ȼ֪Ȭẓ̇ȴģ˺и

ʱɻ߽ûֻͣû¾ͺá

òˣ¾ǲ໰˵ҲûپЩ
Ҳ֪Ҫ˵Щʲô뵽ʲô˵ʲôһԵ

뾩ʱƊˡ


ҰֻҲˡ


Ȼȡˬʡ


˵ص˵뾩Щͬ¾ڸƼĳʣǲǲ̫Ů֮𣿡





ƽʱסڹسǻ᲻Σհ

һΣ¾˵ȣȴûĻظ
Щɻ¾ȥŷվڴ齱ߣ˹ſס
һ˲䣬¾Ķ߱㴫һ¿׺ڵײ

¾㶣ע⵽ʱʲô
¿׺ּˣ¾Щʧ૿ڣʲô

˵Ķ䣬ܿϽʣһ㵥
Ჽ߽ڴ齱ߣؿﴦǰŻһյڣƵס

ԣ¾һ죬ҧҧδʱӦ
ݵİʱ̣¾ظоȵĿһһȻûκζȴ¾Ȳ
ûôԥ¾ص˵ͷ

                        
лҪ˵СģɣϱСѾѸɾˡ
ĵŮģڻҾ

63

ڵϺ, Ÿȥ, 
ŮӵӯϢ, һ뻳ĵǱ㱻, ֻʣԭʼ


ã¾غ˳, ˱Щ, Ǵ϶˿˿ʹ

¾Ļ˫ʶץļ, ˼Ӳȵļ͸һ㵥¾, ̵顣

¾ҧ޺Ľ󣺡

Ůӵһձûڼҵ˳¾ڷӦʱѾ˴ϡ

ʱ¾ɫ죬£¡
ڰСɵ˫ŽӴĿ¾ʶֺ΢顣

̧, ŮϸĽϣ̧ڵǲż˿а, ˲ԾС
ƽͳ޲ɤʱȴǱԹƣɳƶָдԡ
ס

¾ɤһ˹ƻһ㣬Щ˫ڵá

£ɫ͵ظ
ֱķɫŮӰ𪾧ӨĽγĶԱȣһϸȥ˫ߵ㣬˵ƴС


¾ͼţѹĽףá

˴ֱϣãĵȫ¾ϣЩؽֱ۳࣬ŴʱĶϲ˾Өĺˮ

ͻȻͣ˶¾

ĵĺ͸.Ӳε¾ƺ˺ܾãЩɬڵСҡ

ƻ裬ҹĻ٣ĳµȼ˵ҡҷ΢⡣
ѱãȴû˸ҳѣ˶վԺغš

ڣ컡

¾Ϊĵˣʱɫƽָã档

¾ȴͻȻԲɡ

£˵Ķͣ
̧ŴʱһߺȴʮĬһ˲֮ǰĻ㻹С
ֵͳЩºɳԸС

ִϸزϸ۵ָ졣

ԣ¾ȴüֿҲСˡ
ʮߣ¾ʮˡ

ֻҲѾøɾĽڵϣŵ᲻á
Сô˰ꡣ

Ŷ¾Ӧ

ͻȻ¾̧Щԥ᲻ܣ
֮ԻԲһ£Ϊż͵Ǻʹ࣬ʱ¾¾Щۡ

ᡣĲδΣֱֵԣСԺҪҡ

ԣ¾ֻ𷽲ţ˲ˡ

ֳ

ã¾źص˵ͷ
ȴ룬ǻԲ
Բ¾ܱۣ⣬ͷȻ¾ҲǱֶۣܹдУֵڶƻзŵĴУһᡣ

ɼ֣¾ҲûԲ



գĶûȥسǣڸ¾

¾Ȼսµгֵɿ϶⼸ûȥسǣΪ˶ԡ
Ͼ⼸Ψһ£ǲͣظιʳ

¾һǲֹͣĲ͡
Ĳǲƽû¾Щʳ

¾֪֮ԻƵظιʳΪһ˲٣Ҫ
ÿճԵΪ˽ϸΪ滮ʳ
ˣǱ¾ԵЩ˲٣ЩѾЩ塣
¾ĬĬ룬Ʋһ£ֳˡ

ڣڵùź󲻵һʱ¾ֿ˶˼ʱ̲סˡ

һǿѼȥĴʱڷϿߣطˣƱ˲ˡ

Щԥ֪ļò÷¡

ߣߡ¾Сߴ١
ԤУطˡ

ԥԥã̿ڣˣǽŷԸŷļ
֮ǣǽĺ⣬Ҫô

¾Ȼ֪ԸģҲΪһ뼦ôʹࡣ

û£ȥɡߣԥ

ѾηԸһ¾ںҲԥת뼦˳ȥ

״¾˿
룬ӦóĻδطʱȥݣ˯ܲܰѺٱԡ

˵¾ȥ
ֻǽµĲӲŸ̤ͱͻȻֵɤϡ

ȥģ

һͳƽɤºͣȴ¾ز˲˻ºץ顣
¾ʱЩ׽Ϊλôˡ

ûֶã¾ϹһĨЦݺŻ
ֻϵĨЦݣ¾һʱվȴ˺󣬱˲ɢ
Ϊ˻طˣﻹ뷽ű˶ȥļ
¾Щ㤣ϵЦȻҲסˡ

ڿı뼦Ჽ߽ڣ

¾ûҲȥ

˽˵ļϣֻվڲԶŮӡ
ɫţֵ

¾ҧˡ

ԣıʱ롣
˵˵ͷٵԼᲽ˹ȥ

ӭ˹¾ʶһ

ûʱ䣬˲Ƶĸǰ

˼˯
һߵһ߱¾Աȥܿ죬
ҪιԼȣ

¾һѡҲȼ

ǺѼ

˵գ˱ԸԸŷ׼Ѽ

ǡ˵

ԣ¾˲æҵ˼һ
ڲùź󲻵һʱһš
ûпڣ¾ֵңҲõĺܶࡣ

һΣ˿ˣû׷

ҳ˰㡣׷

Щ㡣

¾
ðɣǳԵе١
ʱҲȷǲôԡ
·һϰ߶ˣʱԣЩԲ¡

ûٵԼѡˣѾʢС룬ҽӶ˳ȥƺ¾ֱӱȡ

¾ͷƤ飬˲̫࣬æֱ̧ĲӣϣĶ

ĵĶһ١

¾ĶܽҲ¾ࡣ



¾ЩˣʱľѣɫԸСڷҲȡ
ܲܲȣ
ŻԵġ

ŮСĺòɫ˲ڻ
ˣĽȥЩεĵ̾

иõķûһճ㡣

ÿζһıеͶЭˣҲǽ˰㡣
˼ˣɫʮֲ԰ףûһ˿
ϳˡ

¾֪ʱҪѡĬֻҪԹԵسĬͻЭ

Ȼûã˱ֿˡ
ǺȰ롣

Ҳȡ
¾֪òˡ
ٵôߡ
򣬵ȴģͲֻǰˡ

¾ɿ֣Ļ˵ͷ뿪ڣͻȻ߽һˡ

ˣԪӣС

¾գգۣûпڣԵ˺ԥڵ

ԣ¾Ӧæ

˵˵
ЩΪѣȴɲ̧ͷͷϵôգѾǸĵײԼɵĹˡ
˷˵ķ򲻵ѣģ̌ͷ

¾͵ҳ˵أӦöʶЩѣӭͣ޺
ȻҪһӦˣ뼦غˡ

ûпͶؿüһ˿á

״¾С
¾ȡý
򶼳ǵ˲ƾˣôСһ

ãĲŵ˵ġ

ԣ˳ȥ

¾ֺǣ˳ȥ¾ջ뿪ڣ뼦ݵǰ
ɤƽȰɣ롣

ǰС뼦¾ʿˮҪ𣿡

ټ

¾



Ԫӣռ¾󣬵ڶձ͵͵ȥ˹سǣȴ֪ҽǰһձѻ򶼳ǡ
ڵ֪ºԪӣ򶼳ǣȴ緢ˡ
ǣҲȷ򶼳ǣȴ˹ڸˡ
ղűų

Ԫӣų󣬵һʱ
ѾͦöˣЩС

ԭ·ѾߣͻȻֱøԪӣС㲻ˡ
һѾߵǰˡ
ȥķǽסԺӡ

Ѿɫ𾪣ЩţæᲽ׷ϡ
ͷ˴ʱԭԪӣСȥͷȺȻȥԺ֪ͨˣû뵽ԪӣС㾹ȻȥԺӡ
ԪӣС㵱ȥˡѾ߲˲µĲӸˡ

ΪĲסԪӣ֮ǰ͵͵ٴΣ⸮ϵҲһ
ԴʱԪӣ²Ժȥ
ϰ䣬Ԫӣ·ԺŵˣǶֻܿһƮȥ
æǻ׷ȥ

Ԫӣȥ߹ȣһתǣܿҵķŴʱš
ĽǶȿȥܿһߴš

Ԫӣһ۱˳
ҽ

ģԪӣЩ˴ʱֻһˣûԪ䣬Ҳûˡ


еĻֻüһ֣Ԫӣ㱻ŵöϵĺë
ΪŵͻȻͷ䣬һɱ

ҲʱԪӣע⵽ﻹһŮӡ

ͻȻŮˣĵɫŮӺòײſʼȼĲŵֻʾإ硣

إϢسԪӣסĿڣ˲

ֱԺӺإŶ

Ԫӣ·ϱѾ񣬴ʱſڱ˭ôң
֪֪˭

إûдתߡ

ԪӣҪ׷ȥʱв׷ʱסǰ·
·ѾҲ׷صԪӣС㣬ūȥͷȺ򡣡

ԪӣܣƼˣҽﱧľ¾
ҷԪӣǸӰܿᡣ
֮ǰδҽϿᡣ
Ԫӣܴ
ҽôһһǴŮ᣿
˿ǰܰ

ԪӣĵǣʱҲӦˣŴҽߵİ
ҽȻʾⰵ͵͵ȫʶ
ԪӣѾͷҽǰơ
ҽ͹Ϣҽôòʶ
ð͵͵

ԪӣۿʱѾߵĻԪӣһ

һ㶣Ԫӣǰƿǣܳ˽



Դ¾ò׺˰뼦󣬱㱻˸֪ԪӣС븮ˡ
¾һ㶣Щɻ󣺡ˣ

ǡ治ɫ

ԣ¾Щǣص˵ͷת˳ȥ

Ե˵𣿡

¾ͷʱȷЩˡ

ȥݡ˵գıȥ

¾˯Ĳ߳š
˭

إԪá

ԣüˡ
˵ɫЩ䣺ȥϵ̿ܲʮ´Σͷ

ǡ



ȻҹϮسǣһҹ㱻ˣ¾ִ򶼳ǺȷĻ£ı㲻ˡ
ĿıͲΪפء
ҪҪʱڹơ

ڵպȥĹسǡ
뿪¾Ҳ˿һʱˡ
˲㽫뿪ʱĻһɶ

ʱԪͳһһפأһԶһ۲⡣
⼸նƽҹ˱󣬱ԼĹ磬ǰһ

Ԫڼ⼸պ󣬲ȷԪˣ˻ȥˡ
һʿͻȻ˳¥Ԫˡ

ԣԪһ㶣漴ף˳¥ȥ
Ԫ䵽Һͳѵ

Ԫ󲽿ݣЦˬʣȺҰˣˣ綼ϷأһֻӬɲȥ
ԵĲڷǡ
֮ǰЩƳǵԪá

ģԪĵ٩䣺⼸Σˬˬҿɼ

ڲͼǰԪеĻȻֹ˼
ǸԪ˼ʶԼ˵ˣЩεЦٺ١
˵

һԵͳԪ伸ۣһ˻ôۣ

ãԪԪ䡣

Ԫ߽ϵɫʶĻսйأ˲ЦֵɫҲ˼ࣺڡ

ʮ򾫱ӽɽ

ԣԪһ㶣ʶѾ˱𣿡
ԪפЩһֱأδ

̧ɤ޲ҹ

£Ԫ˲ʶ˽˼æǡ
ͬʱĵ׻һĳȣЩ걻ѹǲΪҪ򶼳ǣóȻѷء

ԪȴЩɻ󽫾ΪҪӽɽ
ѹֲѡ

һԵͳ͵湥
ɴеݣɱȻӴأһıұӴ˹

ͳھʱ뽫սԡ
½ɵı㹻һа취ʹɵı
֮ǹƿڡ

ǽ˼ǡԪ俴ġ

ĵӑ

Ԫһ㶣Ժϸϸ˼⻰˼

ǽ˼ǹ

ʶһԪѪڣǺʱ



                        
лҪ˵ף쿪ģ졣

64

۹سǵսڻ졢, 򶼳ɰ, ܲ˿սµķš
򶼳ǵĵαӻ滷ɽ, ѹҲ벻ʿʮһյض򶼳ǵػ˫£򶼳ķʢƽ͡

뿪ĵ, ӭ˿ˡ
򶼳ǳ½˵ķˣġ
Ҳ¾ʶĵڶŮˡ

ǰվ͸Űݷ, СȾ纮, ʹҵ񣬻ĪҪ֡

˵ĸɤºͣɫ, ԼĪʮꡣ
˵صŮӲС, ƶԪӣһ㣬ĸ̬ǿɫƫͭɫһ۱

Ļ¾Щգȥݷó˲ǡ
̧ˣȥ󸮰ݷ÷˲ǡ
¾˵أز, û壬ټڸϵǼգҲӲ򶼳ǳһ¶, ʹ¾ѹû뵽Ӧȥݷóˡ

ĺЦϿңҽսɳӻ򶼳һأ򶼲İʢ𾴡
ģģ򶼳г𾴺ӵˡ

¾Ӳڴ˵ؾ˸ߵľ
¾ü˼飬δ⣺ɵķ纮Ȭˣ

ĵСĿҲȥĿ죬Ȭ
£ĵͻȻʲôɫģ֮ǰҽҸҽǷа
ҽ֮ǰɴδȥҽԴº½˽¸֪ı֪Ϊķҽ

¾գû뵽ȻȥУͳ˹ģֻ·;۰ˣϢձް

ǾͺãպҪҽҸϼɡ˵գıʶʲôæЦҲ˵
ϸŸҽģⲻˣ

¾û⣬ЦЦû£Ҫл˿

ŮôһЦ㾡չ绪ﲨǡ
ĵһۼʱ֪Ǹˣ£Ƥۣһ֪ǲһˣʱټôһЦǰĻЦûˡ

ãĲŻع˵ص£պС磬пգϾһΣ

Сꣿ
¾ףӦ£á
ǻܳȥƵҲʡ



յʱ˵˵̲̣ת۱Ѿա
ЩĲڸϣȻŷŽԸÿΪ׼ʳڸϣû˸ұŷ˳ԣ¾Ͼֻص״̬

ùź󲻾ãȥŷʳĽ¾ס񣬸ŷԺ׼ͣģٱǶˣԸŷ׼ʳġ

¾ôԸˣ֮ԻôЩӲŷԸȥΪܵװϼհɣһ븮ͶŸɡ
뿪ʱ˵Ļ¾²⣬Ƕûʱظ¾Ÿ˵Ϊ

һ㶣ǽԸ

¾û£ȥɡ

˼֣û˷ӣֻתȥŷ

תȥ¾ȴͻȻסȵȡ

ͣ˲ӣˣôˣ

¾ŷԺǽڸϣõ׼ʳǽڸϣֻ׼͡

ĿɿڴԷǴŷһ
ܡס

ܲס¾֪֪ǲ϶ᱩ¶
Ⱪ¶ΣҪΪս·ţأ¾ֻǲԼ¶ĺͷġ
ԣҲȷԲôֻ࣬ˡ

˳ȥ¾ſʼ˼Сƣʲô
͹СҲ֪ʲô˷

źˣūϴʱֿⷿﻹһСٺʲ


ԣ¾˵ͷǺãͳȥ

ת˳ȥ

¾һ󣬲Žݡ
һ˯ʱ
¾ۣ˯ѵӻЩˡ

񡣡

ܿ˽ˡ

¾˹ȥڿ˵Ѻ㶣ʶʣ˵ʲô

ԴɤСǷʱõҩš

ԣ¾ɻ󣺡˵˷ڸϵʱ򣬳ͣĶ׼𣿡
ôǸˣ

Ɗҩŷӣڼ
Ϊ¾ʵûθڣҩҲһųˡ

ԭܱסʱ˷˵Ļ󣬽ѵ־Ȼ˶ŷ򡭡ˡ۰طơ

ƼķӦ¾ʶԾˣֻûüԺ˼һͳɤ˼Ժ

һظˡ

ƽɤȴ¾˯˲ѡ
͵˳˹ȥȻ磬ܿ¾ԼһߴӰ

ʶ˭˺¾ɫ𾪣ôظˣ
ϴߵʱǸҪ²ܻظ
⡭ⲻǲŰ

¾ҧʮ飬һӦǣ˵ЩȻȫˡ
㲻ǳʦδŷԸȥʱ㱻Ըͱˡ

վ󣬱ǳĽŲ
¾Ӱǰ

ڷѺʶȤ˳ȥҪҼȥˡ

¾̧ԽԽˣЩʣʱظģ

δʱ

Ǹ˯󲻾Ѿظˡ

߽¾Ϊ𷽲űԼͱƵ¶ȴһԲֻǶҩߵĸǰݸ

¾ԹԽӹڣСڳ
֪ǲ̫飬ֻȷˣһСҩţûһ˵ס

ֽ̧ӹյѣתŻϣ˻

߻ûпڣֻŅ̀ȵָŮӵĴǡ
ܰҲܳĬȴСġ

¾ʱȴû飬̧ݣĶ
ǽ.δ׼ȷ˵¾Ѿ.ղˡ
Ϊҹżظʱ¾ûѹ

¾䵭ȴƵ飬ͻȻ뱧㡣

ĵĶ͵ض

¾̧֣סĲӣͷСϲ˲䣬һֱӵرԼĸ顣

ˡ

ˡ

Ůɤػϣȴһش˲ɢ˵߻ǡ
ڻ͵̧֣
ӯ˽һֱֻ۱סĽγ

ͻȻ¾Ķͣرͷ­Էˤȥ
Щ¡

ı̧һֻֽŮӵԴ࣬΢ƫͷպ䡣

úȣʶĻܰȫ֮¾㲻ٺ¡
ԣ¾ûԥԹԵֽСĲϲ˲䡣
룬ֻҪʱ㹻ǾĻƽͼһ¡

¾ʹ䣬ʹ䡣

ŮӵСۣƽشһ£ᷢ죬ʱôȲ䣬Ȼš
֪¾ûдͣʱ򣬱㱻ֹˡ

¾ĶͣЩɻ

˵Ĵĺˡ

ڴ齱ϣŴȥС
ȻһƬ
Щۣȥֻܵס
Ժ䡣

ۣ¾ϲ룬ˣӦòǵ÷£¼ǵҲƽϡ
¾ԹԵͷ

                        
лҪ˵¾ҾͲ䡣ȥ
ɽһŽСֻܽдôˡ
˵ʵҲһôݣ

65

¾֮ǰ븮ʱ˵, Ҫºܻظ
վ븮ʱ, ҲŰ죬ǰջظ

, ôظˣ
¾²⣬ҪѰµʱȥ, Ӧò򵥣վǰظ, ᲻ΪѾ, ֻԭ

Ĵؿƺ˺ܾ, ˲Žڻ, ûˡ

𣿡¾ʡ



ʵϣΪ

ΪԵʣļƻǰ㹥Ƒһڹ
ˣ֮򶼵ʱԽԽ١

Щӣڽɣÿյ͵ֽڸϵ˽һ
֪븮᲻û뵽ôرڷ, ˵Щ˸ظˡ

ûչ˺
ľݻļƻЩ, ΢

ʱߣ
⼸գȻ¾ңڣڸϣ¾Ǻ
¾ǰи׼

Ůӵɤ˵˼ĵ㳤֡

¾һ㶣



¾Ϊ˵Ǿ˵˵ûձֻ븮
û븮֣ÿʱÿ̶и
ֱҹسͻȻϢǱȽϽ飬˲Űҹ븮ȥ˹سǡ

¾һ󣬲֪ҹ븮ˡ
գ򶼳ǳС硣

¾ûüҪ⼸¾ȫʳĶװȥˡ
£ǽһ¾¾Լһɶ
ղڸϣ¾ҲᣬѾӦˣֻȥ

ǳ¾ϵǣһ
˵ǽ˳˵أϤΪӦ֮ꡣ
ˣ¾Ҳûѣ˳

ʱ򣬲Ÿչʱ
ϵѾ߾ֱ¾ȥ˳ĵԷ

¾Ÿߵȴʱ򣬵ݵıѾƼˣ飺

¾ʱͬһϮɫĽմһɫʮϲ졣
Ҳ⣬ϲüңóǻϲ

¾Ჽ˽ȥ΢΢ףˡ

ĺЦӭ¾֣·Ͽɻ˳



ǺáĵҸһˡ
˱¾絽һ

¾ͷߣֻ˻û߼ݴ˳
ݽ㣬Сˡ

һŮӵ£˴˳

죬߳¾Ҳ졣

Ԫӣ߳һ۱㿴¾ϵЦ˲̣ǰĲҲͣ

˶ӣ¾Цص˵ͷ

ĵˣԪ丱ãԪӣ
˵գԪӣԪӣҽķˡ

ԭΪ˻ŽյĻᣬʶ
Ͼ˽ڴ˵صʱ仹ԪӣԪ丱ã໥ʶڴ˵زźиġ

ĻԪӣע⵽ԪӣɫЩ֡
ûüϸʱһɤ¾

ˣʶ¾

ʶĵЩ⡣

¾Цͷҳ򶼳ʱͷԪ丱ȥӦ

¾˼Ԫ丱ȥӦڻ򶼳ǺҲԪ丱Ԫӣ
ԣЦȻʶǵܣǽá
ҲԣԪӣǸвסģҽķ򶼣Ԫӣô᲻ȥ֡

Ԫӣ㷽˵ʲôֻʡ

ԪӣĿ¾˻ŴСˡ

СĵС½

ԣĲ⣬ʱ䣬ˡ
ˣҪȥƤСĻʡ

¾ô󣬻µСʱѯʣ¾ʵصͷ

״Ĵ¾ȥ
ֻ·ԪӣʱȴͻȻݽ㣬һ£ȸˡ

ԣĵĲһ٣Ҳûж룺ãȥ

£Ԫӣ㾶ֱתȥ

״ŻȻ˼
Ԫӣȥʱȫûкͽ˴кҲûпһۣЩ
Ԫӣ̬Բԡ

ԪӣҲĿųģһֱˬϲϲϲǲϲҲα
ֻ£ǽˣԪӣǽ˹

ĻԪӣ˵ûȴ¾ɫƣûܵӰ졣
ڿ󣬻΢΢ЦЦѯʣˣôˣ

Ļ񣺡Ԫӣ

¾֪Ҫ˵ʲôЦСˣ¡

ԣĵǶ࿴¾ۣĵ׶ĺøҲֱ
û뵽λˣҲܺƣദͦɡ
ԪӣȫԽ˷Ԫ䶼ܻܵӰ졣

ĵϴЩЦ⣺ҳˣֱŤģС˲٣ԪӣһɣݽΣ
ʮߣλ಻ʮߡ

á¾ݽСɡ

ԣϵЦɢԽԽϲλˡ

߰ɡ
һȥ

չ½
˽ݣ˳ȥ

¾СС˶ССģ޲֣峺ʮֹɣ˼֡
תӹĳ¾ݽ㣬ҵһ⡣

ĲȥᱸͦкøУԱҲûƴ
ºĲŴСӣ澹Ȼһ
̾£ɫϳˣһ㲻ǷƷ

⡭ĴʱЩˣû뵽Ȼ˹ص

¾ЦЦĿСϵС˶ϣЩ棺ݽ㣬ڿ㡣

ĵע仰תƣһȻ½ˮĴۿ
׼ȷ˵ǿϵĳͼСץ

ĿЦãСӡ

Ľ½ĳĲϡ
С棬Сֲͣץڲϵĳ

Щʱ򣬲˴˽
ˣԸūŴǰĿѾĲˣʱҲԱСӳȥˡ

ԣףá
˳ȥĲſ¾ǳȥɡ

򶼳ǲƾǣķţ̫Ů֮ᣬͨ˼ҶŮͬϯ΢еĸϣŮϯҲǼ򵥵ķϯȴͬһط
¾ʱųȥǰʱѾ˲ٿˣŮŮУ̸ûаָҡ
еϯλţеΧǰ̨ϣŴСץܡ

¾Ѿߵ·ӣһԵϯλ

ı½ȥ̨½ԶƼˣ̨ӭȥﱧ½ʣأ

ĵϯλϡ

ԣ½Զ˳ĵĿ⿴ȥΪ¾ͷ½ԶûܿòһֻۣΣ½ԶܿǸˡ
ȷϣûе½Զջۡ

ʱǰ̨ϰڷ˲ٵǴ½ץõġ
ֻʱȴͻȻ߽½Զ˵ʲô

½Զɫ𾪡

Ƽˣɻôˣ
½ϾҪץˡ

½ԶȴͻȻ߽ﱧŵ½ģ͵ҽˡ
ҽʱŸմӹسǻ˻ڳŴ

΢ҽ

½ԶͷҳȥƣʱǵˣСץܡ

ĵͷá

½ԶҴȥ
û뵽Ľջ
ʱ䲻̣ÿ˵أȴפڹسǣϯҲٻ档
Ļ½ԶǼ

½ԶҴҸȥʱѾ˸ϡ
ʱ½Զŷ֣˲ֹҽԪͳ

½Զֵ߽ҽˣӭͲܣĪҪ֡

ͣ˲ӣƽ޷ףسСꡣ

Сйˡ½Զϲ롣

Ԫ½ԶǶΪСꡣ

⡭񰡣
½Զգæλ

Ჽ½Զ˼Ԫ䲢š
Сʣ㲻ڽ𣿡
ǵҽǰղԪȥ򽭶
ôˣ

£ԪĲӶ˶٣ɫЩ졣

½Զ

ԪüרŻףСꡣ

½Զһ㶣塣

״ԪЦ½Զĺ󱳣Ȥ½Զˡ
ɵò顣

ʵԪԼҲǻججһͷˮġ
򽭶ɣԭΪǸѴģôһŷ֣ɾǸտӡ
ѾĽɿ֧ŲסۿžҪıȴͻȻͣ

ԪȻ⣬Ȼǽǽ϶Ŀ
ս·棬Ԫκ;壬ûеڶԪŷġϾĵֶΣǰʶˣ׿ۡ
ȻˣʱŹЩҰҲɣǳ¶Ϊ塣

                        
лҪ˵б˵ԼѧˣСѱˣڲ뿪ѧˡ
ѧ󲻽ҪϿΣܳУôһ룬ڼξΰɣٶ֣ٺ١

66

ʱ

ǰ̨ĵ̺, Ѿ߽ץõذڷ, ΧȦĿš

ı½߽

̡
򶼳ǵ˴, ϯ򶼳ǳСˣҲմ״ʵ, û̫أׯ, ڵպг, ڡ

ʱСץܣΧ˹ۿȺд󺰣ɵץһѷ, ȺҰ˿޵, ġ
˷ҿץ۾ҲУȡЧǬԪ
ҿץɶУԵҲ

Ϊӡ
ʮȴ飬ĿǰԪ丱¡ӻС, Ҳ˽顣
һһ䣬ӾͿ컯

¾ǵ̸ȤҲ߽ơ
ʱǰ̨Χ, ¾ʱҲ߽
⵹Ъ˼
ֻǻʶ쳤Ҫơ

¾ȫעع̨ʱȴͻȻע⵽һĿ⣬Щǿң¾òĿ˹ȥ
Ԫӣ

ԪӣʱֻһվڵڵĸԣĿûп˵СץܣǶؿ
ǸԶ¾ɫܿĳԪӣɫ̫ÿ

⵹¾΢𷽲ڳԷʱԪӣ̬ȣ¾ʶСƺһЩĪĵ⡣
¾ǵʱ
ѲΪϴʱ¾ûмʱӭӣȾˣŻͻȻȥҲ˼Ǻˣ

ʱͻȻ˾ϲɤץץˡ
ȻΣץ˱顣
ϲˡ
ϲϲ

¶ЦݣҲʮֻϲ
򶼳ǵ˲ö飬䣬ͬȴƫڴġ½aʮȴС䣬ҲѸԪ丱֣Ҳֻϲá
½ȴСģοѣʱץ˱飬ȻܾţĻԸˡ

¾עҲûٹעԪӣ˹ȥ

Ⱥһ䣬̾ϲЩʱ¾żı½˳
ʱͻȻܽǰߺȣҽˡ

ǰֵķΧ˲䰲ƻδлһ˳¾Ҳ㶣ˣ

ܿ죬ſڴ˽ŲƲֹһˡ
۵½Զ

½Զ롣

£¾żĵӰȴ
ޱ飬ǰܴ󣬵ȴһɨĿ˴ʱڸ̨Ůϡ
˵ڿｻӡ

ԪͳӰ

߽ŷӦҽˣ
Ԫ丱ףسС꣬˻𾪣û뵽ҽվȻҲˡ
û뵽С꾹ôӣҽԳףء

ᲽߣΧڸ̨Է˵һԣ΢΢壬һ

½ԶԸԵˣҽԪ丱ͳڸϯλ

ԪûֻЦǺǵصҿɲԶˣҪ㲻顣

½ԶЦȻ

ǰȴͻȻҲء

ڽ̸һ̧ĲӼӿ죬ֱȥ˸̨һϯλ
Եģ¾

Щ𾪡

½ԶʱӦЦŴԲҰŲܣҽȻᵥ
ȥڽϯλϼӸꡣ

ԣæ˳ȥ

½ԶĻһǽˣ

Ȼ֪ҽ˴򶼣ҲǰʱԪ丱ȥӦȴûмˡ
յעҲڳСץϣﻹע⵽
ʵģܲ²ģݶȻ͡

˵Ŀ¾ϣ֪ʲôŮӣܼ޸ҽж

Ԫӣսȭ

ĵɫԽԽʶڵס¾ӡ
Ҳٵڵɨ䣬ԭҪƽòˣС뽫ӣ岻һæջۣͷٿ

¾ûвֻ֪ϯλͲ󣬴ʱԵЩӵ
¾СʣĲҪһϯλ𣿡¾»ἷ

á

֮ڵĻظ¾ͷҪһϯλҲͲ
¾룬ԱСȵŲŲŸЩط

¾ŲһŲʱȴͻȻסˡ

˴ü۲ãʲô

¾ʵظ㱻Ҽš

£¾Կûʲôɫһ˲
״¾գգۡ
ţ¾üȾ˼˿Ц⣬ɨɨŵˣ

Ǹʾ䡣
¾㶣ûзӦ

ûٵӦ§ϸһ¾û֡
Ҿ˵Ҳ뿪һҹôˡ

Ե٩˿ϷŪ

¾

Ц⣬ʵʵؽŮڵ֮£һ˿©Ȼǲ̫Щ˵Ŀ⣬Ȼ˵Աȷźת



ϯ;Ԫڵ𣺡ϲϲ㿴㶼õˣȴδȢޡ

ԪҲǴС½Զһ𳤴ġ

⻰ʵЦõԭѹֵЩɻ

Ɑƾ㡣

½ԶܸӣһҲȢˡ

ԪˬʴЦȻûгɻ飬ҲûкԪӣһģҲӵľ飬㣬ɱȲҡ

⵹ʵ½ԶЦͳҲϽȥĵó졣

ԪҲһֱڵ𣬲ͣЪ
¾ȴûעˣΪעǰʳС

ȴ֪˸衣

¾ټˡ

¾ԥڣұˡ
ıˣһֱڳԣͣ

⻰˵ĶͣŮһ˫Ө˫
ԭ˵ĻڿУģǲˡ

˵գ˱̧֣ǰСԼǰȻؼСʳš

״¾һͬʱЦˡ
յͦ˵ΪҪһû뵽ôס
ڿԲóˡ

뵽ŶûôţһֱڸУ¾ӣвˡ
¾Сԭʢʳ±㱻˳Ծ
СҲûٶּвˣһֱ¾ʲô˾ͳʲô

ԶԪӣһֱעⷽһĻĵ𾪣в˼飬Ҳмʺɬ
Ȼʣµʳ

뵽֮ǰ壬ʳȻһۣ֪͵ģʶûһ䣬Ȼûԡ
ο˵ǽʳ֮Ԫӣſա
գȴԪӣۡ

ڽ￴һĻԪӣڷ͵͵˺ü졣
֮һֱοԼλòҽϲҲλ˺ȤҽϲҲ᳤ãֻҽߡ
ԪӣˣţֻҪһֱҽߣһ죬ҽע⵽

ʱȴԪӣһĻԪӣЩƲסĵ׷
ҲԽԽǿңԽԽ¶ǣչ¶޴档

ŵüԵŮӼв˼еû죬ƺܼв˵Ḷ́Ĳԣδʩᡣ

¾ֻǾҲҪô˻вˣҲһ³Գŵĸܣ˵ԺͲٱˡ

ͻȻԪڵΪᣬԪڶԴʱ¾ûôע
ֱڼвʱС̧ŷֵڵĿƺ¾ע⣬Ҳͣ
ЩãȻô

ԵˣɫѾȫѿԪ䣬Ļˡ

£õе˲ز˲
һԵͳ̧Ԫ䣬ԪȻǺȶˣԲŻڲԣȻԵ٩𽫾ˡ
ԪҲ˲ѣĵĻһں󱳣

ʱû˸ҿڣĹ۲Ž̬ȡ
ԣҽɫѿϵϢҲ˲

չֲܿ

ʱһСɤͻȻڵ𣬺ϸʱղе˶˼֡

ôˣ

                        
лҪ˵ҲһʱߣԼ˵ĸʱԶ˩סңǹʿ汾ˣԲҴˣ

67

¾ȻǲڵͻȻ, Ȼ֪Ԫ便˵ʲô, Ե˷˵Ǿ仰¾², ԪӦ˵˲˵Ļ
ټ¾ŲС̧ʱע⵽ڲ˿, ¾룬Ԫ䷽˵Ǿ仰йذɣ

¾ŻСѯʡ

ʮ־, ¾˵ʱѹ, ڿųǵĻᱻ
ڴ˶ϰ䣬, ¾仰, ѹǺ˵˵Ķ

Ժ󣬶Сع۲ҽɫ̧ģŶ
֪

Ȼ֪ʱ˵ҽķˣڳȴǶʮ־塣

ҽսɳ򶼣򶼳ǵĳǶͬʱɱ, ȴҲη
Ҫҽ̫ڱпᣬ飬򶼳Ǵ˼, ò򶼳ǵĳǶŷɥĽ֮ġ

ʱҽԳϵϢ䣬˶񣬲ҿ
ԣ¾Ļº󣬱һѺҲ˹Ħź

Ǳԭɫ󻺻Ȼ飬ȴˡ
ǽӦ
ºͣŰζ

û¡

˲䣬ڵնһ˿仯΢Ƿů

¾գգۣ֪ǲԱûٿˡ

½ԶҲھΪҲľ֣ʱӦվƽ֣Ԫ䣬ĵ̬ȡ
Ҳһֱûпڡ

˵ɫѿ¾Ȼˣǲϲ
¾Сؽ쵽ӵ£˵䣬

ŮӵĶ󣬵ȴܵһͷ΢
һĵ֮ɫѹͷĲã˵Ķǰ㾯裬εؽȥסġ
ظ

¾⣬˵ͷ

˱ҽԵŮվףϣҺӾȸǡ

½Զſڣá
£½Զƺ͡

ĵ͡
˵գ¾ת

¾½ԶһԵĵ˵ͷŸתȥ

ҽȥͳҲһЩľԪ䣬ŵҲȸˡ

½Զͷߡ

ͳ첽ȥ

ڵ
ĿŴʱЩججԪ䣬½Զ˴Ԫ丱ȥϢɡ
Ժ˳ȥҲñӵĿ⡣

½ԶͷԸ˴ԪȥͷϢ

֪ԪΪţֻΪ֣̿һֱܰҲ½Զİţûôȥ

״˿

Ԫһ˵ģ̫ˡ
ô˵Ȼѯʽ˵ĶôûϢ
Ȳ˵Ů֮𣬾ԪҲûʸʣټϣһŮӱԣԪôֵʳˣһϴأ
Ҳҽŭ

̾ҽɫѿûз²ҲΪСһԡ
һᣬ￴ҽ۰С
ҲΪˣԾǲ֪ҽ֮᲻ᷢˡ
ǹԪܵġ

ỹδڵȴһֱָܻ
ҲЩˣûȥգԪ䣬ͻȻڷʱԪӣԴС̬ȡ
ԪôţԪӣʮˣزҲǿԪӣģЩġ

뵽ͻȻ̧Ԫӣλӡ
ʱտյģλϵѲ

һ㶣ѯԵˣԪӣأ
һԵ˻ӦԪӣС㷽뿪ˡ
ҽ뿪󲻾ñҲ뿪ˡ



ϳԵʳ٣¾ĶӹĹĵģ·ܸоθ׹
·һֱûпڣ¾Ҳûгֻ룬ô
ֻ¾ûע·;ߵһʱ򣬻ڳϣԵȴͻȻͣ˲ӡ

¾ɻȥ

ת΢΢ͻȻŮӵĶϣܵԵĹ͵ĶƤ˵Գˣ
·ϲ״̬ˡ

Եĵȷ١

ұ

¾ҡͷȻԳ·ȷܣʱڳϣŲ̫׵

ջ֣ûм֣·ʳ

¾̧ʱɫƽɤºͣѾҪˡ

ߣһεĲࡣ

ȻҪˣ¾Ҳû𷽲ŵ¶ȻҲܺԪ便˵ʲôԻظȥʽûҪֲˡ

ȥ

ֻڿ߳ʱ¾ȴͻȻڻ
ԣ¾ĲӶ˶٣Щɻ󣺡ǲڻ㣿

ûͣ²ӣӦҲԥûС

ûУ
ѵˣ

Ķ¾ûлɣǰȥ
ֻ˼ǵȴͻȻһε¾Ҳʮ˭
Ԫӣ

˵Ķ죬˲̧Ůӵļϣڵס¾ߣĮȻûˣߡ

ͬʱĲһֱԶإ硣

إϢʧԪӣ

ԪӣѾإԹˣʱƼڽİ˲䲻˺󣬱ʶԣæִһһΣûкǺĽˡ

¾ˣᶨͣ˲ӣˡ
ξû

¾һ˵һ߻ûע⵽ʱ˲ɫ

ȻԪӣ
ԪӣԶվإ硣
¾ûإΪλվֻԪӣڻ𣿡
¾󻽵Ľˡ

¾ͣ˲ӣԪӣȥ
ԭϲõģܽɫ󣬱˲׹ѡ
Ԫӣɫѵˣ

ûлӦ¾ʣʲô𣿡

ԪӣĿⲻϣֻܿ¾ڿ¾СȴԽɬ
ҽҲϲ

Ԫӣģ¾ˣһǴҽֻϲ¾ò᳤õġ
ֻҪһֱҽߣչʾһҽģϲ
ԪӣżʵˣҸǸġ
ҽˣԪӣҪŬҽ¾Ǹ

Ǹ

¾һֱ̧ܷ֣С˵ʱһ͵͵ɫ뿴ȴֲҡ
¾ûвԵˣ֪ʱɫÿ

õǸ¾֪Ԫ䷽˵ʲô

ԪӣпɬǵҽĹ磬ҲᱻҽǨŭ͸ûлˡ
ֵֻˣԭҸ𣿡

ԭ£
¾Цԭˡ

ܸɴĻӦûаԥ
Ԫӣ㶡

¾ֻڸˡ
Ϊܸо˵ѹԽԽͣģС˵ȥǸֳͻɱˡ

ȥˣҲصǸ¾ȸǡ
ԵرʾˣСǻš壬ɫҲûа취ˡ

¾ת

ԪӣȴΪڷܣתҪߣʶ̧ȥҲЩУߣҸĴá

ͻȻԪӣֿҪ¾ʱоһʹ˲



ͻȻ󴫳һŮ¾תĶͣҪȴͻȻǰһǰ¾ҲֻܿıӰ

ɤ˳

ĴԪӣɫ䣬ƽȴֽ͸ɱ⣺ٶ˵һ֣Ҿɱ㡣

ѾʣԪӣ۵öϾ亹ȴʱ˵仰ĺ⡣
ĿУϢ䣬Ԫӣ嶶ɸɫ԰ףֱٶ˵һ֣Ļɱ
Ԫӣٳ

¾󣬲ֻ֪֪Ԫӣʹһ֮ȴû
뵽ķ˵Ļ¾Ҫǰһƹ忴ʱȴͻȻתû¾ӦᲽȥ

¾ЩãȻҲû˱ȥ
ûκǺʹ¾Ŀ͸ֱ۵ķ϶һۡ

Ԫӣʱ΢վţָϣɫ԰ףʹࡣ
ˣȴ̧ճյĵıӰۿ죬Ө۵
ɫк£п־壬Ҳе¾ȴ۵׿ġʧͰĽ֮顣

һĻ¾ŻȻ

ڸϣ¾С˵ʱ۵ĽԺ¾ʱˣȴҲΪСľ֮ˡ
һˡ

ֲСܶһĪĵ⣬ʱôšһҪǸԭǰĽģа

                        
лҪ˵ĲһСС޸ġ

68

ָое
˵ϺõҲ˵ϻ

⻹¾һĽĵŮӡ

֮ǰЩŮӲͬ, ȻҲһҪĵ, Ĵd֮ǰ
ǲϲͰ, ǽǿĵȨƺ͵λˣĿȷ

Ԫӣͬ, ¾С۵׿ģ޹ݺ͵λ, һƬǵ, İĽġ

¾Щӡ
ԺҲһֱţԪӣ̧ճյıӰ
¾ҲԽԽĬ

¾ԽԽʱȴͻȻԵ˳ˡ

ٶ㡣

⻰˵, ڶԳ˵
, ¾ȻûӦٶȴ˲٣Ҳû̫ĵС

˵ֱ§ϣƻɹ͵ĶƤϣѯʣ費Ҫ㣿

Գˣٶ̫ܵ˲
¾ҡͷʱٶȸպá

ˣ
Ĳߡ

˴С, ©һ˿һı顣

¾˳Ƶͷ

ף

ѯʣȴûٵӦױ㺬סĴ˱
һĿĵ, ûнĴϣܿ㽫Ůӱϣٵϣֱоȫ˺󣬲ͣ

¾׵ЩС糺졣
ͣһ˿ϢĻᡣ

˰Ƶɤڶ𣺡𣿡

¾ҡͷӦˡ
ûк˳ƵͷֻΪ˲°ˡ

ĳ̽ȥȴظ˯
ţʳ˯

¾ûע˵ʲôȫеעϡ
Щţ쵽ˡ
֮ǰٴξ飬¾֪˼
ʱϣ¾ЩţĻᱻ˷֡

ĵ׺סĶֵĶûͣû£¡

¾С糺죬ķ̣˽ţƽʻ·ϣƺѾʻֵĽֵߵͦ

ԣ¾ҧŴСڣ̡

¾˵Ļɳ̵ɤϣɬСܡ

˵⻰ʱܵϣϢ
ĳϢһһɵش¾ϣЩ͵ĺҲһ¾Ķ
¾ûԥѹͷһ˿ţͷȥͬʱյɿ

ǡ㡣



ʱͣ¾ֻ֪֪ظҲȥɢʳˣֱ˯ˡ
ΪѾˡ

ʱڵĵ϶˲ٵĽҲҺ÷İﱸ˺ܶӣá
¾ֿ˲Ӱһӳϸزһ֡

ھ΢˳˺󣬲Ŷӣظȥٸϴϴ

ʱˬ

¾ҵͷ˼棬ֻ룬ڸƽ޹ʵͣôãûһߴ١費ҪҸΣ
뵽¾ͻȻֱ̧ס˵ĲӣԴļϣ㱧ȥ
͵˯˰ɡ
ǱȽϺʵɡ

֪ʲôЦһӦá

Ůӷ̵СĲĶ᲻ôһֱ

ȥѽ

ƺǼûжߴߴٵ

һ˿ţĻ̧֣ưԵĺģŵá

ʱ˵ĿڵЩϣһĮȻջۣŮ

¾СϣαװԼѾ˯
ʵ֤ҪαװΪڻط·ϣ¾Ѿ˯ˡ



¾ںݺݵز塣
Ҳһֱٳ븮ʹ¾ÿճԵʳġ
ʼʳĳҲνٵǲļල¾Ҳܳԡ

ʮһʱ⽫һµӣ¾ˣԶ׼ķ⣬ԲһȦƤйôƣƲ֮ǰ״̬
ҲڲʵʵලżյʱҲҹͻظ

кѹȷ¾ӸԭĲս¡

¾ȴһµļ£Ѿϰÿճʳķźʱһҩš

ʮһµתҩůĵͦ
ֻǽ¾ҩʱȴͻȻˡ

Ԫӣ

¾ڵ֪ʱ΢㶣Դϴγһ⽫һˣ¾ټ
ΪСһ˴û뵽Ȼ

¾ףɡ
˶ˣҲܲ

ת˳ȥ

Ԫӣܿ㱻˴˷
֮ǰˬʵװ¾û̫ı仯¾һμ̬ȴЩͬ

¾

Ԫӣ

¾ҩŷһԣó˲Ǻʣʲô𣿡

Ԫӣ̧ŮСϵļְۣûһ˿覴ãɼԪӣɫ˰΢΢򴽣ڸģš

𰸵¾⡣

ԪӣֵҸѾһûл򶼳ˣԼһҲ֪øʲôݽҪչСҾˡ
ʵϣϴΪСһ£ûл򶼳ǣسҲûˡ
ԪӣҲȥسѰ˵ȥ˱ĵط

Ϊ˽ƣ
¾ЦЦҲ˵Ǽ٣ֻҸϿûʲôȤ¶
ҲȷûУ¾ÿղǳԾ˯żɢЩԪӣϲ

֪ԪӣȴݽҸѧ

¾̧ѧ

Ԫӣݽ˵ҵ̫ˣҪѹһѹ

¾⻰˵滹Ǽ١

˴ʱǰ¾Ѿ˵ҩŶȥԪӣˡ
Եʲô

¾ҩš

ҩʲôԪӣЩɻӲ˵ҩš

ӵġ

ԣԪӣ˵ͷûѯʣɫ˼

¾Ϊˣû뵽һ˲Ԫӣ̧ʣǿԱ𣿡

ף
ԣ¾˼һ£ŵ֪
ȷ֪

ԪӣҲ֪Żûţڳ˼һ˲󣬾ȻܰҩŵķӸ𣿡

ҲҪӣ
¾ûеӦ£̧ԪӣڽӴ¾ĿЩ㣬ֱӣִٲ
ܿ¾ջۣûпľִ٣ڣȥԸ˳һҩŵķӸԪӣ

򴽣ЩԸѾԸˣҲòȥԸ˳дһҩŵķӡ

ԣԪӣ˼˿Ц⣺лл㡣

˺ܿ㽫дõҩŷ¾Ը񽻸Ԫӣ
Ԫӣϲ

֮Ԫӣûٴñ뿪ˣһˣƺΪһҩŵķӡ

Ԫӣ뿪ߵˣΪҪҩŷӣ

ǲϲӵһۼͲϲ
Ů˵Ŀ̫ˡ
÷˶

¾û⣬񣺡һҩŷӰˣ¡
ҩųԲˣֻܲӡ

ˣԲˣ˾̫ˡ
ʵϣһδӳϻ󣬽ǺԪԪӣ
Ǻö
ҽԪӣһĿľԲ򵥣ΪҪһҩŵķӡ

ʵ֤¶ˡ

ΪûգԪӣ˽
һΣ¾ûúԪӣҪ¾ѵͼ
˵Ǿ¾ѺÿҪͼҲȥҲ÷Ϊ¡

ɺϣһʱȷ˲¸֮ǰΪ¾µͼ
պС

¾Ըȥˡ

һѾȫͼݸԪӣʱûϵĲ⡣

ԪӣȴûƼǻϲͼûú󣬱뿪˽

Ԫӣ븮󣬽ŷ޷޵ˣôִӦˣ
Ů˵˼Զ׼ѧˣͼòҪ

͸ˣҲʲôƷ
¾֪ʲôʵϣҲ֪ܲԪӣЩΪĿġ
ԪӣǾϲ͵ģѧף紩ţĵĿ⡣

ò˵Сϲ˵˼ܼ򵥡

÷㲻ӣǸŮ˶ˡ
ˣǸŮ˷ǶԽģݣһóô죿

ڵһۼԪӣʱͲ˼ټϣһڳϣ񿴵ø

÷С¾ȻʧЦҺʱˣ
͸һҩŷӣһЩѵͼ

򴽵ǸŮ˲⣬ū澾÷Ӧþ裬ҩŵķӣѵͼӦø
ҷӦһһϽˡͼô죿

Ӧ÷ӦúģǸŮ˶ɱҡûκλӽҲûκλý

⻰

¾񣬻ڣǽˣԪӣȴ򶼳ǵˣ绹Ԫ丱Ԫ򶼳ǣǾܲͣȥˣ˵򶼳ǵĳǣǻƫ˭
ңԪӣԪӣڽĵĻᣬԪӣҪģеӡ

ǻƫ˭
Ԫӣ
˷˻˼ɫЩУǡҲ


СԴ﾿ѾԲ˶ٶѾˡ
ûмǴԪӣ⼸ġ
¾ʧЦˣٶ룬

ǲ⣬ֻЩ¶ͿԱġ
磬ҲŮϲͰĽġ

ĵݵλƾЩúܶŮ֮ͣ˻
ôϲŮˣÿһϷأǻ

һ¾̫ۣᰮһˡ
ǰһҪôۣ¾룬ǻ粻

ο¾ãӦˡ

һ죬ǵģĵ汻ˣҪ檣ҲҵģʱϷؾܱġ
檳ȺĹŴһҪ檣¾ηأùˡ
֮£Ըǿ󲻵á

ѡͬʱ浽һ죬¾Ҳţȫˡ

                        
лҪ˵ǿг
ɡƽȡΣ
ҵšơ

69

Ԫӣһʱ, Ѿ¾õͼƵѡ
һɫȹ, һɰͷζǼ򵥵β, ˹ķ٣˷
ò˵, װЩӢ, ȴ˼Ůӵ

񿴼ʱ, ۶췭ȥˡ
Ҫ

Ԫӣ֮ÿʱûɫ, װ, ȴɼҷ˰ֵò

ԪӣȴĻϲЩӣڸıԼԼױڴ˵Ⱥá
ԭǰĹˣ˲ǾϲӢ˧ŮӣرǾˣʵϲ˵Ůӡ
ֻҪٰһ㣬ͺ¾ˡ
ֻҪҽϲͿ£, ҽҲܿˡ

ԣԪӣÿʱ۲¾
۲ľֹ, ̬Լװ硣

ʮʱѾת¾˺ʵѡ
ԪӣҲͼƺ˶յѣʱԪӣѾ¾޼ѡ

ݺȴһֱڣֻ¾
¾εȴҲһֱС۲죬ֻˡ
ʲô𣿡
ЩӣԪӣ˼򵥣Ŀȷ

ԪӣĿ¾ְ۵Сϣš֣һŵʮպ򶼵Ĵڣaȸͷٰۿ𣿡
Ԫӣ֪ʵǷȥۿ

򶼳ǵ뾩ͬڱȾڻһЩÿڻʮѮ
ʮպ򶼳ǵĴڡ

¾û뵽ȻôԶʮպ˭Ҳ˵׼бʣԶԪӣ룬¾ûоܾҲûͬ⡣

ԪӣҲûô֣һˡ

ڹ˼պ󣬳ȴ˽
˼Ҳ˵Ĵ¡
Ļ֪¾ǷʣСɻ

¾ҡͷ

״ȼaȸͷǲҲԹȥմ֣ƶ

֪Ҳûʲôӡ
򶼳ǵĴŮÿʱ򣬻򶼳ǵ˶ᵽҲַǷ

ҲֻǽϢ¾Ҳû׷¾᲻ȥ
ֻǵС᲻֪ϢϾǳ˵أ⻹Сĵһꡣ

ɫԥֵ㵽ʱҪȥǰ֪һи顣
ҽնڹسæս£ľҽûʱСһͬȥ
Сһȥֲ̫.ȫһ𣬸պи顣

ԣ¾ûԥͷӦ£á

һ뿪˽

Ԫӣһֱ۲Žȥ˽Ҳڵһʱ֪ˡ
ԣĻظ󲻾ãԪӣˡ

ôˣĺЦע⵽ԪӣĴŴ磬ЩοƣǹҸеӡǰ̫жˡ

ԪӣѾöˣû뵽һǸһϲ

ԪӣĵĿŪе㲻˼̧ʣݽ㣬ұ𣿡

ԣüϸȥԪӣС۲κЩϲͷ˲١

ԪӣЦˣ˲򶼳ǵ֬꣬һоӣΪܱס

⸱ģĵɫЩ΢ʶʲô״ƲѯʣôͻȻЩˣ

Ԫӣû˵ķӦӦһƣϲļҵж˰ɣ
⸱Ůģ

ݽ㡭Ԫӣҧ̧ЩŤ󣬵ȴûΡ

Ӵǣ
ĵɫ𾪣ʵļж

Ԫӣϲǿ԰æɫһ¡
ԪҾԪԪӣˣԪָˣǿԪӣģԪӣϲжԸý

ԪӣԭߵɫĵĻº󣬱Щʧ䡣
ܿ㱻Ԫӣ̧ݽˣʱˣһġŬ

ǺáҲСЩ˼Ҳ˴š
ټԪӣһҲ򲻹ĵᱻ۸

ԪӣĵĿĲΪ˷ĵЩĿֻġ
ͦúԪӣǲѯʣݽ㣬㷽ǳ𣿡

ĵͷȥһ˽

ԪӣЩ棺ݽȥʲô

Ԫӣĵûʲôġ
ҽӻ򶼳ǣСΪķˣ򶼣ƽʱȥշһҲӦõġ
Ȼûȥǣȴ˵ЩĹء
ƽʱǴŲŲľ˵С
뵽ֵСӻãǿԳȥƶ

Ԫӣ룬ǳȥֻݽ㲻֪ˡ
Ԫӣͷһġ

ԣĺЦһ²ԪӣӵԽԽϲˣͷ

ĸˣԪӣСݽ㣬ûи߽ˣȼմڣaȸͷ
飬Ķ룬µ˼ԪӣֽͣҲ򶼳ֵĻˣӦûмȻҲԹȥմ֣ơ

ĵԪӣϸģͷȻ֪ˡ

Ӧ𣿡Ԫӣ׷ʣɫЩš

ҡͷ

״ԪӣɫЩʧ䣬ֵҲ֪СûеӦҪȥʱ֪ңһһ

ԣԪӣɫˡ

ˣĵЩ⣺ôˣôСȥȥ

ԪӣϷ˶

ĵͷҲһ䣬û̫ϡ

û׷ʣԪӣ˿ֵݽ㣬ʱһȥ˻ȥҲǰ֪һи׼

Ԫӣ֪񣬻֪ǰҪи׼Ȼοͷ

״ԪӣɫϲãյĿĴﵽˡ
ûٴãԪӣ뿪˳ϡ
Ԫӣظ󣬱ַԸȥ˼ѡ

ԪӣĿļ򵥣Ϊ¾ȥaȸͷۿ

ЩӣȻı˲٣ȴһֱûܼҽ
ȥʱԪӣûһҽȥسǣΪ粻ڹسǣѼҽǸͼسǵľӪȥ

ԪӣЩʧ䣬Ѿ˺ܴĸı䣬ȴûлҽ
ҽͲܶԪӣһҪһܼҽĻᡣ

Ҳ֪¾ȥaȸͷۿʱҽ᲻ͬҲǸᣬһҽȥˡ
չʾòҽտһá

ϴβŻ¾aȸͷһ¡
¾ȴûӦ

ԪӣְֻĿϡ
aȸͷС£²⣬ΪӦǻȥ¾¡

Ԫӣһֱ˰Ž
Ȼ¾˴¡
Ȼ¾ҲûеӦģԪӣã˵룬¾Ӧǻȥġ

ֻҪ¾ȥˣҽĻᡣ
뵽Ԫӣ˲ãʱĸҲֵá



¾ȷĽҹ᲻ظ˵ȡ
ӣظʱԽԽ١

¾֮ԻȥaȸͷۿһôԥҲΪڰǰ߹˵򶼳ǻԽԽ̫ƽײҪ
ҪҲһҪȸ

¾֪̫ƽжңҲû̫Ҳûгͻ
ԶĽյ룬¾ʹ˵

ҹأ¾ŵűЩ˯
ڣ¾ʶʱ˷űƿ

ȼŹ⣬ʮһݱܿŮӴӱ쳤Ųŷš
ڿС˲Ц

֮¾Цգĵɫȴ̫ÿû˯

һʱɫ¾գգۣСԴת÷ɿ죬æ˯ˡ
뵽״̬¾ֽͣˡ
֮ǰľ飬¾֪ǿڵʱ㣬֪û˯ܲˡ

ʮŮӵ˫Ө͸⣬һ۱ܱǼ١

ĹϷ߽С뿪ڣƿѵһǣױƵĵ

                        
лҪ˵ʵڲдŮ֮Ļֻܶˡ
Цһ»ûһˡ
״̬ǣͣ޸ģȻָģɱٸģǱĸĸģ
һ»ᱻ
ѷ裩

70

ĻͶ˵Ļ, ڡ
ŮӽѸ߸ߵ, СЦòãĻϲȥ
ĵĿȴµ, ϸ۵ҫ°׵÷⡣

ƺǼûж, ¾ƫͷ, 

֪, ѱƵôߣ
΢ű

¾գգۣо仰ºƺˡ

ǰȥ, ڴ齱, ûɽֽ̧ƸߵıѹȥȻŷϴѹڱϣ΢ڴϡ

¾Сů͡
¾֪϶֪û˯, Ȼôˡ
ͼֺ

Ĳ΢Ƥ, ĮҲ䡣

Ŷ¾ɤЩơ
¾ҲЩȥе㲻ˣΪ̬ЩĮ
ʵ˵ĮҲǣֻ¾ϰӣ΢һ¾Ͳˡ
֪ǲôû˯¾Щʡ
ʵĺ¾ҲЩˡ

Ķؿ˵ʲôȴ
òŻڣʲôҪ𣿡

С
¾רڵ
ͷһССĲı¾ѹȥ̧ݽҼպ򶼳ǵĴڣ˵aȸͷȥȥ

ľš

¾˵ȥǲȥ

ȥʡ

ԣ¾룬ҡͷǺ롣
ûȤ
ݽǾܾ᲻᲻̫ãǵǳ

һûȻӦΪ˸оĺѾȥůˡ

¾ͻȻƿ죬˽

˵ϰɿڴϣƿϣȴܸϡ

¾ڵĻظ

ȴͻȻſ

ЩͻأĻ¾ûмʱӦ

㶣ûٿڣֱ̧㱧ԵŮӣһ΢Щ¾ſˡ

Ľһֱ¾ͷϡ

ǰĹͻȻڵסһƬ谵¾ʶ̧ͷϵı챻һ϶͸϶ס

¾ܿȴ
ü
ֽ̧֣պ¶¾Դ

ˣſŵСԴڣң˯˻û˯

¾һ㶣Щ¡


̧֣ŮӵСʹֱ

ȻôˣﶨȻ֪ƭġ
ʱʵ仰¾Ͳƭˡ
¾ԹԻӦû˯

ڵҡֵ

ڻӦʱ¾ЩƲˡ
Įֺࡣ

ĵƣһֻŮӵϣᣬһֻű죬һֱϡ

¾̧ͷƽˡ

˿ɤܵҲ棺Ժƭҡ

¾֪ϲƭǹԹԵͷ
Լεúܺãһˡ

ոʵĻ㻹ûлӦҡ¾ͼתƻ⣬ȻЩˣ֪ôĮҲΪ˯ˡ

ĵ᲻̫ãȥȥȥͲȥˣÿ̫ࡣ

ҿȥ˼ȥ

ԡҲһƽĽˡ

ԣ¾˵ͷûٿڣԥ
¾Դ΢ȫſϡ

վףһ˯ʱþöû˯⣬ʱϣûһ¾˯⡣
ûȶã¾ȴͻȻ벻ҧң

ҧ
¾̧Դ

Ҹҧòãֵע
˵ĴƸŮӵԴϣָ׾СɵĶţʮ档

¾ĬĬţĻЩãʱӦˣҧ
˭ôĮࡣ
¾ͷá

ҧģʡ

¾룬򴽵ӡ;ҧĲӡ

ԣĵЦԴϵĴƣŮӵĺϡ
ҧɡ

¾ûԥ׿һڱҧĲϣЩ¾ܸоƤĴС

˵ĺƽʶĺţҧϵʹУ⾹ԽԽ˷ܡ

¾ԭģ˭ôĮ᲻ãûã¾ɿ˿ڡ

ڵһʱоˣ̧ͷŮӡ

¾ˡ

ҧˣʡ

ҧˡ

¾ĿĲϣһǳǳӡ

ܿ죬Ǹӡϱ㸲һֻ̧֣֣ƾŸоԼӡ
Цһ֣ʣ治ҧˣ

¾ҡͷȻЩˣ᲻ҧ
ҧȥˡ

ҡͷͻȻŮڻʣ㻹ô죿

¾һ㶣Ϊεúܺãǲˡ

ĵǲȻң
ˡ


¾֮ǰñĳˡ
뵽¾ԥûˡ

£ǵЦ㽥ȥã¾ƺ̾ŵСƭҡ
̫ںˣһһУһһԼûʶȴһ

ԣ¾Сڣ

ڶӨ˫˵һͿԺʲô£Ҳڸϣ͸߰ǻҵģϵң

⻰֮ǰ͸߹¾ðԼ

ûпĵ

¾ûлӦ

״̾СףЩΣСҲߵʱҲҪչ˺Լ
µľ£ҲûаϧԼ壬Ҳһˡ
ֻҪڹسǣÿ򶼡

֪ڵ¾ֳˡչ˺Լ
ǰ붼ġ
رǶգ¾ֻԲԽԽ֣ԲһȦֺġ

Ȼ

ҡ¾̧ͷֵ

ôܲġ
ֻǴʱʱˣĲٵϢȿڵҧҼڣ

ҧ¾ҡͷ֪ôͻȻҧ

ǻ᲻˯ţЦʡ

⻰
¾˺һۣʱҲȥˡ

ˡĽԴᰴţ˯ղߡ
ô˶С

¾û仰˼ʱȷˣ¾Ҳˣ˵İ£ûһ¾ûʶ˯˹ȥ

˯ȴһֱûϢ
ҹţһֱԺﻮٵȵȣ߳˺Ͳ򶼳ˣһڹسǡ

                        
лҪ˵ҷǵСĺᰡ
Ҵᵶᰮˡ
ξٺ٣Цݣ

71

ա

򶼳˽궬յĵһѩ

¾ʱѾʱˡ
ů, ټ¾һֱĵĻ, ûв䡣
ֱƿź¾ŷѩˡ

ϵĻѩѾɨɾ, ¾ʱܿģѹ֦ϡݶϵĻѩ
ʮֺ, Ŷյˡ

ҹ˵Ĳߣձһֱڽ

Ԫӣһֱ˰Ž, ҽҹ򶼳ǵϢ, Ҳһ㴫ԪӣĶ
Ԫӣ֪󣬲ûеȥںʰһ, ȥĽ
ôһ, ԪӣȥʱѾδʱˡ

ʱշ硣

ʱ¾ҲѾˡ
˯Ȼ¾ѵҲӣ¾Ǻ
ټϣߣ¾˯úܳ졣

, Ԫӣ˽ͨʱԺ, ֪˴ʱݣҲŽգû˸ҽȥš
ϸͨ˳ȥ

ȴſڵԪӣ˵ԪӣС㣬ͷ˶ݣ


һҽô죿
ò׵ȵһҽ򶼳ǵĻᣬԪӣôܴ

ˣҾŰɡ
ţҽҪ뿪򶼳ǣҲضܿˡ

ԣҲûӣֻԪӣС㡣

ԼĪֹ˰ʱֽȥ
һΣԺûȶãųˡ
ѹɤԸڷѾߣԸŷ׼һӸ

Ѿߵǡ

ԣǵȺһԵ˱֪˸ǻûѡ
Ȼô͵ɤ˵

Ѿȥ˲ǰҲѹ
ԪӣС

ĵĽŲ˶٣

£˱תӣ˷š

ԣ˿ǵ˽ˣˡ
ת˳ȥ

һοԪӣϵЦݶ˼֣ԪӣС㣬ذɡ
֮ǣ

ԪӣԺ΢㶣⻹һ
ڸ˰ʱȴõһȥĻԪӣɫЩѿѿڶĻҲ¾𣿡
ǰʱδҽڸϣͱˡ
Ԫӣ뵽ı¾ĹΪ¾ҽԽղŲ

ԣϵЦ˲̣ЩȻֱ˵䣬̬Ȼ˶ӡ
ԪӣСǿȥɡ˲̸Լᱻǣȥ

£Ԫӣ˼һտڲԵӡ

״Ԫӣ򴽣š֣ɫѿ
̧˼ۣת뿪

˵ȥ˿

ԪӣûȥΧŽƹһҵ˼ڽΧˡ
ǶȥţҾڲԶĲ¥κη紵ݶģʱ֪ҡ

ǡ

Ԫӣ˼ӽһˣԪϵĻǷ

ǶʧԪӣɿսȭɫȴѿм
¾ܾΣ
һҪ취ҽʺҽŮӡ

һֱŽҽ븮ͻ˵һʱ֪֪ͨҽ٣а취ҽˡ
⼸ԪӣҲڵĵϢ֪¾ھ᲻ȥaȸͷۿȴһֱûеõϢԪӣЩżҽ򶼳ǣһܷŹᡣ

Ԫӣһֱվԭأ֪뵽ʲôɫŽת˼ŮӵĽߡ
ܿ죬ԪӣᲽȥ



һλطʱ¾ˡ
˸һ̤ңŮӵɤ˳ѣżֽ롣

ѩ𣿡

ˣ
ʶĲţµĲҲӿ˲١
ûˡ

̧ƿƽڴϣһ˫ˮ
ڿ¾Żգգۣʣ㷽ȥˣ
ʱûˣ¾Ϊˡ
ûúŹϵȻûŲ¾֪

Ըŷ׼
ǿʱģ֪ҪˣųȥԸŷ
ÿ˯Ѻ󶼻˺

˯𣿡

¾ҡͷ
ܰʱ䶼˷˯棬òڸһ죬Ҫ࿴

֪ˣŷĶܿ㱻
ڳԾ˳ȥ

ֻһ¾Щɻ󣺡㲻𣿡

ȡĶ˹ڸ¶Ⱥ󣬲ŽСݸ

Ȼŷ׼
¾Ϊȡ
һܺȵȷģܽʽܽ˯

ֻ¾ȵһʱإȴͻȻݣ
¾Ķ˶٣ĵһǣǲҪˣ

¾̧˼¶š

Ц̧Դſڳ

إᲽ˽վ

ʲô£ĵ

إڽⷢˡ

ˣ
ʲôˣ
¾⣬Щɻ󣬲إĻ

ĵףͣڼӽ

ӣ
¾һֶ˲
ܵõĵطȥ

̧֣˵˹ҨһһڵŮι
˭ˣ

ȻѾץˣإʱͨǱضǽ˵ĵϸһ

¾Ĳɵغι

إԪˡ

Ԫ

£¾Լĵɫȥȴʲôû˵ֻ¡

إȥ

¾룬ԪΪʲôҪ˼ӽ
ԪˣһԪ䣬һԪӣ
Ԫ仹Ԫӣ

¾Щԣιߵ¾Ҳûע⵽

Ŀڣ졣

ԣ¾ʶ죬ȴǻ㱵ģȻǶʱľٶҲûκʶ

Ĳûлֻ죬ŮӱԾˡ
ˣ˵۵һ˿Ц⣬漴˻Ҩһպ壺졣

¾졣

⸱㶵ģϲԽ᲻ƿۣżӶһ

ܶʼֱСףĲԥˡ

¾Ż񣬼̧߽ʣ֪˼ӽԪ仹Ԫӣ𣿡

ƽ޹ʱ˼ӣ˵Ŀʲô¾̫
Ҫ֪ԪӣԪ䡣
⽫ƽʱ¾סҪģȻǼӽ
ԪӣҲһ

Ҳ¡
ûֱԣֻԪڽɡ

Ԫڽɣ˼Ԫӣ
֪¾ü˼뵽ҲԪӣԪûбҪӽԪӣ
˵֮ǰ֪Ԫӣϲʱ¾û̫⣬ϾϲĵҲζһˣ֮¾ܲ⡣
ʱ֪˼ӽ¾Щˡ

¾˼ʱͻȻһĵɤġ

Ԫ

¾ûԥ˵ԪӦԪӣǵȷǳҲգ¡

£ıŵҪҰ㴦𣿡


¾̧ףȴܿ棬Ȼ˵Ǿ仰ġ

ԪӣÿĿĶ̫ȷˣֱ̫̫ңѶԸຮѼ䡣
¾ҲȷӦټϷŵ֪Ԫӣ˼ӽ¾룬֮Ի˵⻰Ӧǲˡ

ˣԼӦ
ôܲȥԪӣҪ˰ɣǸԪ䣿
¾ԼӦģûҪ֡

ԣҲûֻ֣ù̫ࡣ

¾ͷ

һ߳ŵʱإ绹š

إǰȥ
ŽûзԸôˣإ֪Ϊԣإ˳ݺȴûȥڷ⡣

ɤ˳ˡ

إš

ƺͣһ˲ŵɱ˰ɡ

⣬ȥһ˽ɣ¸Ԫ䡣

إǡ

                        
лҪ˵εʱ
Ҹðˣڸðڼ䣬Ѵ绰
˼⣬ʣôˣ
ңûʲôֻе㲻

ͣΧһӳԷ
ңš

ǡħˣЦޡ

72

Ԫӣһֱ뽫һ¥
ָɼڽĻȴһֱûӰ

ֱɽ, ûκϢ
Ԫӣ, ҲֻȻظˡ
ΪǽûκζҽҲû븮, Իû֪ͨ

ɽգԪӣָɼڽĻûӰ, ûлظκνϢ
ԪӣڵȲסˣȥһ˽

Ԫӣȥʱʱ, ڽ, ֮ǰˡ

ڿԪӣԴʹˡ
ôѡֵʱأ
ĵɥȴЦò, ˵ԪӣС, ʲô¶𣿡

˾򶼳ǵˣȻ֪Ԫ򶼳ǵĵλԶԪӣҲǿ
ΪԪӣΪˡ
ҲΪڴʱԪӣʱһͷˣΪݣǺϴһܲͷ

ϣԪӣȴΪ˼¾
ʣҽڸ𣿡
Ԫӣ⼸һϢûв̫

ԣ˵ʱڸϡһ븮ˡ

ҽڸϣ
Ԫӣɫ΢, ָɼڽĻΪûлظ֪ͨ

ԪӣɫѿСĵԪӣСҪҪ
Ԫ򶼳, ԪӣҲϹսˣΪʲô£콨ԪӣСҪҪȥسƣջ϶ڹسǡ

ԪӣȻ֪ҽڹسǣֻȥ˹سǾܼҽ˼Ž
ǰΪڹسǣ¥ܳͨ裬粻ڹسǣȥ˹سǺ󣬾Ӫȥȥҽסĵطˡ

ֵԪӣСҲɴظ

ԪӣŽң΢ü
ûлӦ˵Ļ
иҪҪ

ǣ˵ĻºԪӣһԲֱתȥ
ŵһ飬ʯ󺣣Ӧûһ

ԪӣڽΧ
ûˡ
Ԫӣֻظˣȥˡ

ԪӣĵױˣһκζҪʱ֪ͨ˵ãְأȻҽ븮˶ûִᣡ
̫ܵɢˣһҪҵǣһ

ԪӣһֱڸϵţһֱȵʱûκϢ

ֱڣԪظˡ
ʱ£ԪӣһμԪ䡣

ԪǴҴҸϻ򶼳ǵģϵսδҲǺ꣬ޱ߷սʱ״̬

硣ԪӣЦݣòͦġ

Ԫ߽ԪӣЦӭȥ֮ǰ׽磬ԪɫȴѿûκΡ
״ԪӣĲҲͣ
磬ôˣԪӣЩɻ

ԪûκιĨǣͷʣǲ˼ӽ

£Ԫӣͫ͵طŴɫ𾪣硭㡭
ô֪
ͻȻʣԪӣЩ

ķӦԪ仹ʲô׵ģȻ˼ӽ
һ飬ûжôɽ¸ŵԻ򶼳ǣల£ʵھԪӣһΣͲˡ

Ԫüͷýŭ죺Ȼ˼ӽ

Ԫӣ֮Уô֪ģ

˵أԪһΪɵǼùصİ𣿲

ԣԪӣɫһ֣Ǳҽˡ
ҽ᲻ΪĻ죿
뵽ԪӣɫЩҡ

˵ɣΪʲôҪ˼ӽԪ䴹ŭ⡣

Ԫӣ˶ҡ
ڻ֪ҽ˼֪˼һϿԺӽҽ͸ˡ
ңҽ˵ΪˣҪҽ͡

Ԫӣ˶٣ŵݽ˵˳˵أز죬ƽʱչһ£˼ӽҲΪ˶˽һЩ˵ûġ
ĵȷ˵˻ԪӣҲԪȥʡ

Ԫ΢üƺСˡ



ԣԪɫ΢΢ɺͣǺͺãԪ·š塣
ԪӣģһȻûлۣȴΪǿʤֻҪԼϵĶһҪõ֡
ǺͽʲôڣԲŻ˼ӽ

ˣһΣ²ΪԪͷЩ£뵽ŵ̬ȣ
Ԫ߽ļ磬ɤºҵˣҲ̫ˡ

֪Ԫӣ̧Щŵ磬ҽҽ

û¡Ԫҽһȥ͡
ҽҪҲȥɽ¸򶼳Ǵˡ

ԣԪӣ˿Цлл硣

Ժɵ£Ϊ룬ʹ򶼳ǵɫȥ÷ƣ˼ӽˡ
Ԫһ۰ɵ£ҽ
¿һж

Ԫӣͷ

˺󣬴ʱ侲Ԫע⵽ԪӣĴװЩϲ
粻мֹҵˣԪο

𣿡ԪӣЩúÿ𣿡

Ҳж䲻ǽȴǸϲյ磬ҽӦҲͻϲ

ÿԪԵԪôÿ

ԣԪӣ˹ʣɫڴȴ죬Ҳô



ٽʱ¾ȥ˳ϡ
aȸͷȥơ

Խӽڣ򶼳ǵζԽŨ
ﶼ˲ʵƣϻ˸֣ۿɼĺɫϲ켫ˡ
ǱַΧȾ¾Ҳ˼Ҫ֮⣬ȥaȸͷۿ

ģҲû븮

ȥϵڻظʱ¾ĵĻ֡
ĵĲ½ģкܶࡣ
ʢ֣Ϊԭҹ²ⱥӨˬڣ۶֭
¾ϲԵˮ֮һ

߽¾㱨ˣūŻ˵ڴգͷʱ̿ʼųʱĩͷУǷУ

¾ҧ⣬ص˵ͷÿУʱ䲻粻
ֻûпڣԵȴȿˡ

ء

ʲôأ

¾ĴȻؽõ˹ַһԵС
һߵȥ

˼ǲҪͷ

¾û뵽ҲȥЩȣⱻ˶ˣҲûʶ
¾˵ȥһ˳ϣݽ㣬ʱaȸͷ档

ǡת˳ȥ

¾ŻҲҪȥ



뵽յ¾ʣҪ𣿡
û˶¾һʣһʶСȥһС⡣

˲źۼؽס֣ʾ˽ȥ

ֻ㡣

İС֣ů㣬Сְۣů͡
ֻǷų֣մ֭ˮЩġ

Ǻá¾Цȥ򶼳ǵطתһתɡ
ôã¾ȥ䡣
ǰΪ¾ȤóһΣΪ¾÷ѾˣǻȥЩط䡣



Ӧ¾Ŵע⵽Ӳ֣¾æ
̧¾ͣһҪԡ֣ӺҪࡣ

ԣĵĶһ٣󵭵ûˡ

ûˣ

¾һ㶣㷢ԭϵûˣСҲˡ
ѵѾˣ
ôûʶ

¾û̫࣬ҷԸٰһЩ
˵գ¾ģ𣿡
ҪԣͷԸһЩ

Ҳԡ

¾Եͷ뿪ڻ񣬱ֵҲˡ

¾ɻؿ

ѾɾˣĶӣģ̧Ժճ˲ˣ׼ٳˡ

¾û뵽Եɡ
ԡ
ֻ˼ȻѾô˵ˣǾûˡ
¾Ļԣ֪ͬ⣬ȡһ£һͬˡأ
ٳ԰Ͱòã¾ǿ̬ʮֳϿҡ

ˮ΢
ֻƽʣǶˣ

ǲǶ
Ļ¾תһȦһ˲䣬¾æǵͷǶˣٳ԰Ӿͱˡ

һ˵ֻҪˣͬ⡣
Ҳ⣬ĻȻ˵ͷ

״¾ЦؿˣյҩŻûá
˵գ¾Ѿߵȥŷѷ˵ҩŶ

ǡѾתȥŷ

¾ҩš

㾡һ硣
ڸܵθı͸к¾ʵСҲˡ

¾ץַڶϣ

ô˻ٳӣҲ֪Ǹο

һֱû˵Ҳ֪ʲô¾ĵ˺ܾã߰ɣȥɢɢ

Ҳҩˣ¾ֻ

ˡ

ԣ¾Цˣվ

¾Ծվԣ
ɼˡ
ĵ˼ֺתסߡ

·ϣ¾һʣô֪Ժ֪

ҽϿġ˵ɤ޲¾Ҳûж⣬˵ͷûмˡ



ʮʮ壬ڡ
򶼳ڵҲͬգģò֡
ֵҲˣŮŮһãװ緢˧ˡ

aȸͷ򶼳ǵıԵشɽƽɽأ滷ɽ
ˣ˵ȴΪ
յȵǻɽ·
һɽɽţһɽɽͷúٷأȷΪʤ
Ů٣ǰһѡΣܲ˴ģǷǷ

¾֣ǹģǴרɵĹ̨ϡ
̨ڰɽҰӾѣؿɽ֮ľ
õģܿһɽĽ̡

ڹ̨ǰ棬λѵĵطΣˮ
רŵĻΪ˵زһĳɽܽķǸ
Щݱǳ˽˵ط

¾ʱ򣬱Ѿʼˡ

Ǵ¾ߵһΪ֪ĵ·һ·ɣü
¾ȥ˹̨ŷ֣aȸͷɽ˺һȥȫˡ
򶼳ǵ˶

ı¾磬˺һֱ¾Ӱ
ڱʼ˺Ĳڹ̨Ӱ
¾մñҽһԣټ¾ͬڴ˵ŮǸߴ׳νᣬ̬ӯĻһ۱ϳ

ʱԪӣ뿪̨ڵ֪¾ջ˵غ󣬱һֱڹ̨š
ֱʼȴ¾ԪӣȲסˣΪҪֻ˹̨ȥ

߽ЩУСˡ
ע⵽¾Եˣ΢΢񣺡ҽ

ޱص˵ͷ

״ֶ¾·̫𣿡
һ㵽˴գرaȸͷ·ر𼷣С
Ϊ¾Ϊ·̫Եʡ

ĵʻ¾ȴЩ죬Ϊ·ϼΪ
˯ǰѹģ㻽Ϊһ㲻ôѡ
û˺󣬾ԣ˯
ԣѾ߸ҳ
µĽǣ¾ȻѾʱˡ

뵽¾Ķ˶ס֣ͼִѳ
أ
ֻ¾Բɽ¾ˣתƻ⣺Ҫʼ𣿡

ʧЦѾʼˡһѷʤϾͿʼڶˡ

¾ЩԾ
ʼʱ䣬һʱʱ䣬϶Ѿʼˡ
˵õĹ֮ǰݽaȸͷ棬ٵˣٵʱ仹ͦá
¾˯ˣҲԼͰιϣĲһۡ

ǵڶ
»½Զӹ̨˹

ҽ½ԶΪĽղû뵽ȻˣЩͷ˿
Һ֪˽ջרλӡ

ĵ½
¾Ҳ΢΢񣺡

½ԶЦͷ롣Ҿ

½Զǰ·ĸһԡ

ǣ¾΢ˡ

һıѾʱ׼ڶûʲôͷΧڹ̨עͶڹ̨ϡ
ż̨߽
򶼳ǵ˶ʶҽֻǶҽԵŮЩİĿͶ¾ϡ
²ŮǲǾҽķˡ

¾ע⵽ǵĿ⣬ΪٵˣЩĪ顣
·ϣ¾ͼ˼֣Щ뱻ǣš

ĸܵˣԻĽǣ¾ͻȻԵ˵С½Զڹ̨Ϊλӣ˵òôл

л
¾עתƣлʲô

Ĵ

£¾Լ۵һ˿Ц⣬ڣ½

ǰ½Զͣ˲ӣʣҽк·Ը

ջĿ⣬ǣ¾߽½ֿڹ̨ΪλӣΪл⣬Ҹв֣͸½лɡ

                        
лҪ˵ģıԵ̽

73

½Զɫһ, ЩԼġ
ҽҪ֣ûɣ
ҽ˵Ļ

һԵҲ΢, ʵǷǳҽС

½Զ˲֪Եɣ״֮, ¾ȴʼ𾪣, ú޲õ˦ɫ
ñ
֪֣ڸʱʱܿ׼ҲͰ, ʱȻˣ

¾֪ΪͻȻ˵ⷬ, ͲǣͲǣ
ڰɴµС÷죬¾ҧŴ, űסС֡

, °ԽϾֻû˿
۵׵ЦԽԽŨȴƵᣬ¾ֶѳˣҲɶ֡

½Զ֪ģЩţ֮Ͷѣҳݣҽˡ
ĸȻ, ȴҲ½Զϵ亹ܲ
ǴӹٽףǴӹ˵Ǵ򶼳ǵĳеĵλ˵, ½ԶģƽʱĻһǸӡ
û򶼳ǣҲ̨ˣأ½Զ͵ˡ

ҽ˵ع½Զңɱ˵лɷˡ

յСĿ飬ĸɴ΢ɿ֣¾ָסơ
״¾ָȥ˵ֱǰղ޼ָף㲻ʹĹκۣ˲˷ֺá

ǣ½ԶĵȴУͻȻҽЦһ
½Զˡ

ٶղ˳ĲٶȻˣǱл½ˡ

лл½Զ˿ͺá
ˣ½Զֵ

ĵͷ

һֱע¾֪ģŮ˵ֱܾǰ˷ڰԽϾ
Ȼ¾Сȴܾ

½ԶתҲû̫࣬ȥ

¾ֺ󣬱ֹͣҲѲ
ֻˡ

̬Ȱڵȷǧ֮⣬ı߱ߵûֻ͡붺
ԣ¾룬½ԶҪ

ֺظ԰Ӻòã
Ű־Σ

òᣬֶ岻ãٶҲˡ
תƻ⣺ȥ䣿

¾ûдͷ

ȻñĿͷĶñϴµİɴȴļ࣬ŴʱСķ
ͣ˲ӣС·

¾û

״üͻȻսĶϣ·Ҿͱȥ

˵ɤͳ˵⻰ʱҧ֣٣ظһ˲䣬ͱˡ

¾һæǻعͷ֪˵ģ
ʱǹ̨Χˣỹɽϵط
ôˡ
¾

عͷЦЦģǣߡ
Ҵˣˣ

ʱѾߵ̨ǰ棬½Զͣת߽뿪ڣҽ仰
ЩӲǲĻˣ
תü

ˣѾ̧ˡ
Цȥָֻڣ½Զ

½ԶЦ߽ͷҰá

л



ǣ¾

½ԶΪҪͣڼҽ½ԶĽ˼䣬Ҵȥ

¾Ҳڽˡ
Ϊ˱ɿ
ƺĲ¾Ķ죬㽫С˻

إӣĽ˹ָҡ

¾ҡͷĿȴڲԶԵλϡ
Ϊ½ԶȥԴʱıһ

¾תתͻȻݽ㣬һ
˵գ¾ȥ

ȥ¾߹ҪһԭǿĵģϾҪˬ
ϵЦ⻹ûΣסˡ
ΪԽ¾ӰСˡ

ҽĿһֱСɫºͣݣûаŭ
ĵĿ⿴ĺӣı˲ɫɫˣź⡣
Ĳ˲¾߽Сĵҽ

ԣ¾ĲͣЩŵɫ¾룬ͻȻҺݽһ𣿡

¾⻰ѯʣڳ˵ȴֻһִ𸴡
Ǿͬ⡣
Ͼˣһ¾ǳˡ
Ŀ֮£ܾܾ
¾ľ⣬նࡣ
¾ҲΪͬ⡣

ϣľá
¾ɫһ㶣漴һһص

ĻӦû˿ԥ
αϿȥʮؿ
ɫƺظǲԼȥǾֻæˡ

¾ҧòᣬв
һǲȥͻȥ
¾֪Ŀ֮£Ҳĳ

˽ҽսϵֶκ壬бȻҽʱûĻǲز˲
ãС£¡᲻̫

¾֮ǰС㻹ǻȥɡ
ΣֽͣԪӣ֮ǰ߸λӡ
֮ǣûжλӡ

ԣ¾֪ĵ˼˵ͷá
˻ȥ

¾ñݺݵص˼ġ
鲻Ը춼Ҫ˵

Ȼؽϵ˹˲
Ҳһᣬ亹١

һָֻҡ

¾Ŵûôԥ㽫һֵֻ˹ȥ
кԸȻ⡣

Զע⵽ˣЩ𾪡
û뵽ҽݵжԸΪСġ
죬õϸɾû¡
ľ֮̾Щۡ
СŮӣǸñ۵ġ



ڶʼ

¾Ŀڵµĳϡ

ڿʼȦڣв˵ǣſ߽
ΪǴڣŮഩޣбڴ˵ƽķ

˻ź
ַΧҲھﺱġ
ûпʼ¾Ѿýζ
Ǹһɴò̫¾̧̧֣ʱ㱻һ˫ǽڷĴס

¾ȥ

ĵ׼ñ
ñ˵أˡ

Ȼ¾Ѿĵ׾첻˵Ȼʱ˵ǲеġ
ñôǰ¾ΪϲԻ˳գˣ¾˳

֡¾ֵ

֪ʲôаʯͷԼĽˡ

˽֡
һ˲䣬˱ɿ֡
״¾΢㶣ôʮֲ
۲˼ɫ룬ǲǴۡ

¾Ȼܴĵɫ￴ʲôջĿ⣬׼̧ƿñʱҪôƿñһ￴ҪôñϿ
ѡһ

£¾Ķ
Щܻؿв

ȴͻȻ̧֣Ů̧ڰеСסˣҴˣòã

˵ָŮӰֱĦţֱ׵̻¶˼Скܶˡ

¾֪仰ʲô˼кܶˣܲƿñ

ñ

ƺǼһֱûг˽ߣҧҧָ⣬ֵҴˣУñòã
˵⻰ʱĿⰵ

¾ҧˡ
ˣˡ

£ı㹴ǣ۵׵ЦҪ
ƺҪҧ֣¾æִг˳
ҧҡ
ҧĻӦס

ҲУ
ôˡ

¾æ¾ջʱȴͻȻԵ˴սҧҲԡ

¾

¾

ĺЦҲС
ֻҪǵڳӶС

¾ǸѽֻܱջĿ⡣

Ŀ

¾ϡ

һΣ¾ĿڳʱȴͻȻע⵽һˣͷ
˵װͬˣûװ
ЩԶ¾ϸ˺󣬲ϳԪӣ

Ҳ֪ǿ˶ãһֱһ¾ʼ󣬲żջĿ⣬
ûװв㣬Ԫӣϰܲ㣬ȴҲû̫ࡣ

ƳХ죬ϵַӼ

¾ȴע⵽ԪӣڷڼԦƥ֮ǰֻһۡ
һۣǿǿԵˡ

в
¾ʶĺ


ǣ¾ΥԼŶ첻˵Ľ㷽п𣿡
֪ûע⵽ԪӣĿ⡣
ע⵽ˣ֪֪Ԫӣ⡣

ĵûûʲô˼

Ǻðɣ
¾ջĿ⡣

ϱۣǺܿ㷭ԽɽţӰҲڴҰʧ
¾ǶȿȥżЩǵӰ
ǻɽʱʻ¾һɽ·ʱ¾ܿǡ
ﵽɽһʱ¾㿴ˡ

ȴĹЩǵӰһγ¾ʱ¾ԶĿˡ

ҿԪӣˡüôûдװΣյġ

¾ĻԺĵһӦǣݽá

ԪҲ֪
ĵ⻰º󣬱㲻СĿʱվԪˡ

ԪĿҲ¹̨ϣûӰ֪ȥġ
ûһԪ½Զһͬ˹̨

Ԫǿģ߽񣺡ˡ

ŵ˵ͷ

ݷˡԪֲ

ĻԪӣûװһ£ʣҷƼԪӣûдװ֪𣿡

ԪȻ֪ܷģû£˵ûѶȡ

ԺüԪЩˡԪӣһСֲǴүǣҲ̫ˡ
Ԫ䶼ô˵ˣҲٶ˵ʲô

½ԶŵԪ

á
Ԫڽӽλ

½Զԣѯʣ𣿡

ĵۡ
˶ʣһм
궼ǽʮ£ʱѾʱˡ

ȥһų½Զ

ԣĵͷٶԡ
ЩԪӣǵ£ǵԪӣǿʤӣûдװв㣬˱ڡ

ʵ֤ĶˣΪԪӣǵڶĵһ

Ԫӣһȣɱس֮ڣ˲ΪԪӣľСãڿԪӣӰ󣬶ź
ƽĳͻȻ
Ԫӣ緢ͷŹ̨񶼴һ⡣

ûע⵽Ԫӣǿ˭ЩΣʧЦǡ
½Զǲġ
ԣĺûз

Ԫ˹̨ȥԪӣ
ܿ죬ԪӣҲ˹̨

߽
Ԫӣ˸߲ңݽ㣬Ӯˡ
ԶԶԣӮˡĵ˲˰ɣ

Ȼ
ûװӮЩˡ
ԪӣԺ
ֽ룬һ¾Ȳϵġ

Ժǵôװ򲻿㣬̫Σˡ
ģҲǿԪӣģԪҶ磬Ԫֳ겻򶼳ǣ꣬Ԫӣ㳣档

ԪӣܻӦ֮ԲԸ⴩װҲбĿġ
װûѺÿҫۣڵ֪¾ջ˵غԪӣ㲻㴩װ

ҲһֱעŹ̨ϣȻƼ¾Եˡ
ҽȻˣ
Ԫӣϲʱ£һμҽ
ңղӮ˱ŴҲ˲һı仯Ԫӣţһҽӡġ

Ԫӣ֪ҽңֻҪҽԸ⣬Ϊ檡
򶼳ǣŮֻҪ֮ˣһҪŬȡ
Ԫӣһֱţֻվҽԡ

ôķܣֻǼԪӣĿһֱһı˳߿˹ȥ
ǡҽ

ɻ󣬲֪ԪӣΪλһֱҽ
뿪ڣԪӣͻȻᲽǰȥȴû̫ΪҽİԣԪӣֻվԶĵطҽ
ʱƲסЦݣɤĴδĽġ

ҽ㷽ſұ𣿡

                        
лҪ˵ҾƢһ߷ɣ̫бˣ߾ٷģ

74

, ̨ϱһֹİ֮С
Ԫӣ˵⻰ж, жʧ񣬶ʵġ

վڲԶ, ԪӣվȴͻȻ⡱һ, ʶʲô
ʱԪӣվĵطպ¾ͬ, ˵Ӱһͬĵ, ͻȻ֣ԪӣĴװС޼һģһ

һԪӣʱǰߵЦ, Ů, δװ֡
ͻȻգԪӣ˵ϲӣʱ󣬻
뵽ĵԺ･˸ŵĲ²⣬Ԫӣϲӡҽɣ

ıԼ𾪣漴̧Ԫӣ
ϣԼˡ

ԪӣճյĵĲգ֪, ʱĻЩֱӣȲˣô, ȲҪҽע⵽Ҫ֪ԼҽĿеĵλ
ţ

һֱھ֮У˳׵˼Σ󣬾һֹ콩ӲķΧС
мѹ֡

ԪӣҲһֱûܵȵҽĻӦ
ɫҲʼڴϲãرʧͲʡ
ԪӣҧŴڴһ䣺ҽ㷽пҵı𣿡Ӯ˱ϣҽп

վԪ䣬һֱԥҪҪǰȥֹԪӣԪӣʶȤֻҽ졣
ҽϲŮӽûн֮ǰԪĺŮ˵
ԪӣʱʻûлӦҲԪ֮С

ֻһֱĬĬع۲ĵɫƽŭ⡣
һԪӣڴԪչҽȻûŭ⣬Ǿٵȵȡ

ֱԪӣһοڣԪ̲סˣٲֹղ˳ˡ
Ԫǰ
ֻµĲӲŸ̤һͻȻҽɤ

ĵڡ

ܹ֣ûͷûβȴִߴٵζ
ߴ٣
ڴߴ˭

£˱ͻȻҽԵŮӣ˵ʲô
ûãĵԣһŮ˳

û

¾룬Ŵñ̫ˣԺҲһҪһֱ֡
ɫ̫ˡ

ͷŰǶʱ䣬ĲڳĬֻ¾ˡ
һֱֺ֣ƺûжִ˴
ҲЩԶûпһ㣬Ȼῴ
ΪľٶΡ
¾Ԫӣǿ϶ˣϾǰ仯̫ˡ

¾֪ΪִΪĻȤζֱѿڶֿ֣Ķϵ˵û
¾͵طӦӦ
ȻЩ޴룬Īģ¾ĵһ˿ˡ

ҽûлӦҽķ˻Ӧˡ
û
Ԫӣ˵Ŀϡ

Ԫӣض¾Ŀ⼵ޣҧýΣòʡ
¾ƾʲôҽظʲôʸ

ҲʱȴͻȻƵĺԪӣϣ˲ʧԨ
Ԫӣŵ͵ջ񣬲ٿ

ԶĿżԪӣ˼ڵԣСǰҽɫҲȥѿĺܡ
նӲֵزˣԪȴûκβɫ糣һҲ֪
ΣֻԼҪʼˡ
ԣ½ԶŴԲǣڣŸʲôأ

ԪŷӦæǰȥֺǺǵضԪӣıҿˣܾʡ
Ԫ䲻Ǹ˼ϸˣȻҲԪӣͻȻҽѯʵĻмֹ죬ȴ֪ԵɣΪֻСÿ佱
̾ԪãȺ

߰ɣҲȥ˵գԪԪӣȥ

Ԫӣ뿪òģҽŵԪӣ£Щ¡
Ԫ£Ԫӣֻܲ鲻Ըȥ

ֻԪӣȻ뿪ˣ¾ȴһֱܸܵĿ⡣
ҲزԵƺѾ̵ˡ
ɫס֮ͬǰࡣ

¾Ȼ֪Ϊλ˴ŭ⣬֪Ԫӣйء
Ԫӣϲûš壬ɫдˡ
¾룬Ҳ֪Ԫӣ᲻۶ӣǵԪӣ£¾뿴
¾Ҳ뿴ˣ߰ɡ
¾֪

ԣĴﻯڿСһ˲価ɢȥͷ


¾Ϊ𣬵˵鲻ã˵ˣûһ䡣
˾ĿУ¾ߡ

½Զ΢㶣ȴ⡣

¾ֻܴҴĵݽ㣬ȸˡ

ãǸپۡ
¾ҽ˵뿪Ļˡ
һںԪӣ룬ԪӣŽĽֵ֮ԣˣСȻҲ
Сûн˵Ԫӣʱ뿪Ԫӣʲôݵľٶ
ֻԪӣǸšģ˷Сͺ⡣

Ԫӣһֱ̧ġ

ĵüͷԽԽɫҲԽԽ

ʱԪ֪ҽҪ뿪ˣڿ˴·ʱԪԪӣ
ϣԪӣȴͻȻɻҽҪ𣿡

ڣԪӣͻȻʶҽҪߣɫЩҡ
òҵһܼҽĻᣬŵҽôҪˣ

뵽ԪӣĿͻȻ¾ϣſţԪӣɫѿ
һһҽעҽʱ뿪
¾ıӰԪӣԽԽͻȻվҽߡ

ԪӣĻ£Ԫֱ㲻ܿƵز˲
û뵽ԪӣȻ˴ĵӣ˵⻰
ʱԪҲڴԪӣŵĻ˼
ҪڣԪͻȻüסڣ

ʱԪӣעȴǰߴͦεıӰϣԽԽԶԪӣҲԽԽͻҡ
֪һټҽʲôʱ򣬵ȴ̫ѰԴС

ǰҽ¾֣ǰᣬ֮ǰĳԪӣһ漵ʣһֲġ
¾ҽôᣡ
ǣԪӣͻȻĵıӰҽ¾Ͳϲ㡣
ֻһһϲֻվҽԣ

仰Ԫӣ˵ЩУûпɤشڳ˵Ķ

Ժͷһæǻȥ

ǰ¾Ҳĵ̾Сûˡ

ԪӣҲƾԼĻͣ˲ӡ
ԪҲʶԣɫţæǳԪӣ˵Щʲô
ҽͣ˲ӣԪæǰȥҵԪӣ£ð˷ˣˡ

ԪĽźͻңԪӣȴڿͣ˲ʱϵɫ˼ֹʡ
æŵҽ¾Ͳϲ㡣
֪ϲ㣬ȴûֹԼҩŷӺͼңĿ⣬⣬ͲվԣֻҲһһϲ㡭

Ԫӣ˵Щ¾һκԼ¡
ӦģøҩŷӺͼ

¾һֱԪӣС￴Ϊǰ¾ʮ꣬Ԫӣʮ꣬ȷ˲١
͹ˣڹŴһʮŮӵ˼жء
ǵ͹ˣԪӣΪ˻νİʱ޳̶ܳȡ

ԪʱѾԪӣĻŵˣ˲æŻͼ˵ԪӣԪһԪӣϣɫұ죡

ԪӣˣЩί硭

ԪһԪӣϥϣʹȥԼҲŹȥȻֳ̿ϿҵҽԪ޷Ԫӣڮ˷ˣҪͷңԪ޶

Ԫӣ֪ԪΪλô־ͺ£û

Ԫӣ˵Ļֲֻ©ȫˣҲǸһһ³
һҽʱɫĲɵս֣ŹڵϵԪӣЩʹģʹԼջۡ

½Զǰסĵļ硣

Եת¾΢΢̧
Ԫӣ˵Щ˵ϲǾ䣬ܷϣ뿴ɫȴͻȻ̧֣˫
úܽ¾ֻԼ˲һǰӰƺû

ĴŹڵϵԪ䣬ɤܵͺܾβסĮԪ䣬㶯ֻ˶֣

£Ԫɫ͵طס
֪ҽ˼
ݾӪĹأ˲ģ͸ǿ˲ÿģۣ˵˲˵ģǡࡣ

Ԫӣ˵ĻЩ޴롣
ҽ˵Ļ
ʲô֣
ԪӣûԼ¡Ԫˣѫ򶼳ȳݵˣܰôġ
ʱĵĻԪӣȴĪЩ
ͬʱĵйɲõԤУǿңԪӣͷһƬհס

ԪɫԽԽ԰ףԪӣע⵽ˡ
״Ԫӣʶ̧ȥһڴۿˣֻ˫޵׶һĺʱﴦ磬ï}ˡ
ڶһۺԪӣ㲻ȥŵòͣ߶硭

Ԫ⻰󣬱͵غĵҶ֡
Ԫӣ˵ЩȵĻ
ˣҪľˡ
Ԫ䶯ֻ㣬˶֡

ԣĿԪ䣬ƽҲٿҲҵķٿˣ
ǡԪɬ

ͼڽɰɡ
ǡ

إ磬
إǰһǡ

Ԫ֪ΪҪإ磬Ҫإ̡

һ仰ıɿס¾˫֡
¾ûзӦʱȴͻȻĿ֮£һ֪¾ת뿪



ȡñ¾ܿɫ

˽ͷЩҵķ˿˳ȥ䣿

֮ǰ¾˵󣬾ȥ򶼳ǵط䡣

ԣ¾ҡͷҲˡû顣
ǾͲ䡣ظ
⻰ǶԳ˵ġ

ƺƽͣҲƺûκĻ
¾ȴһֱԪӣ˵Ļ
Ԫӣ

˴

¾ȴ˶٣Щԥ
֪ôڡ

¾ԥʱȴͻȻսĴߣһŻŨīСҡ
¾Ĵġ
ס
¾ס

ı˵ĺһһصҡ

ô
¾ԺЩԻ󣬲֪Ϊλô˵
̧ӣڿһ˿¾ϸ룬˵Ļ
ǲΪԪӣΪԪӣ
סĶ
ôһֶû
οˣ¾Ҳ⡣

¾Ҳ㡣ֻں᲻Ԫӣ˵Ļ
ʱĻ¾ԥġģƾ
¾ڵҵȷԪӣҩŷӺͼ
Ҳ֪Ľ㡣
ûֹΪ

Ϊʲô
Ϊ
Ϊȫ
¾ܷϣʵΪĵףǶһ룬벻ԼĿס
¾ֳˡ

ȴͻȻ֪

¾̧

ֽ̧ϣ֪ҩŷӺͼڸϵһһ

¾˶˵ʲô˸죺㲻ֹֹ
վʹ費Ҫ

ԣ¾ɫһûʶô˵

Ĵɫ棺СҲϲŮ˿ҵ񡣡öġ

ԣԺŮ˿ңͰҵźòã

ô
ֲ

仰ºҲƺЩףüȴΣҲŮ˿
ͻȻĿڣɱҲС

ԣ¾գգۣЩ㶣һʱ֮ûдĻﷴӦ

ԺģͻȻЦ᲻մ˵Ѫֻ֣մѪ
ǰֺЦǼලҳҲñ

ñ
¾ع񣬷Ӧ˵ĻЦ
һ˴ʲôñ
Ҳ

ĿЦ

һֱ¾ŻȻӦ֮Իô˵ڶ
󣬲֪ģ¾ȴͻȻЦ
ۿЩɬ¾ͻȻ̧֣ĲӣĶ
¾סʵϲˡ


̧֣ĺ󱳸

Σ˻ʣЩۣΪ޵ġ

ǣ¾˵θ֮ʱȴͻȻڵһʱ䣬ȥسǡ

ԣ¾һעʱ˵ĻϣЩҲˡ
ʶģ¾Դ˳һ˫ͨ˫ۿƺЩţСʣģ

̧΢Сףŵ



غ¾ȥ˹سǡ
ʱһΣ㵽¡
¾Ҳʮꡣ

ĶĹƣҲӑͻƣֱ

ʱڡ
յһš
źܳŴֽͨƪݵϢȴ٣˵Ĳ״бǣ

һԵĻżӿźɫ࣬ѯʣӣ˵ʲôˣ

תݸĻţɫ𺣺㿴ô죿

ĻһĿʮУܿ㽫Ժӣı򲻿ɽ

ţҪӽı

ԣǲһıĹô죿
ٵı
ãĿǰܱĹơ

˾͹ˡ
ĻŲ⣬Щ֮ţڿ״
ʵ򣬲һ
ȻҽҲڰʱڣѾڹڡ

ӣûпϵ̬𣿡

Ȼˡ
ھǣŬڸǰ֣ȴûκαʾɶһھǵ޲ڡ
ңһһεشѹ̫ʦ
ǿˣʸͲ㴫λ

ʲԸ⴫λô죿뵽Щ޲Щв֮ˡ

ԣĻżϵʥǷ糯ά֣ԣ׼˽Ѿʥּˡ
Ѿ˽ʥּǵõλ֮˼пǶ
ʱ̵ģЩ

⻰˵ûΪ˵õ£ıλΡ
˻ʵۣʷôдôдʲôųꣿ
Ц
й˼ɵĵطǱô죿
ܵ취
ȻΪͶģͳûϷˡ

ĻźЦصӣǲˣĿɲֹǱвٵʿ



ĻŻһ⣬˵а취ɱġ
ʿɱĵʱĵиͳûıתƣⲻ͵ˡ

ۣϸ˼ĻԵķӡ
ãǣãá

ĻԣʿȥɱģٳûıתƣͲˣ
汻ɱˣȻǽԴϲĸɱǵʱɴһѣ
ϿɻŲ
ˣҲͲᱳͶģԸˡ
Ǹȫķӡ

                        
лҪ˵һᾡӿ̵ġ
ص
СʮҮ

75

سȻû򶼳Ƿ, Ҳ򶼳, ɭϣ洦ɼѲߵʿͻ
סڹس, ҲѰİգ඼۵ٻʿ
򻹱һ, ˣȴԸפ, һ

ȥ, µ첻䲻ȣ¾סĸۡһá
鲼֦Ҷ۷, Ž, ҫˡɭ.µĸۡѵöһĨʡ

һȥԺժЩһ֦ڻƿڷ¾˯ҡ
ƿʢˮǼ֦һһֱ綼δή޵ĺܡ

¾£÷Сӱ
⼸ЩӲͣط, ԭȵֻӣҲʮֻӡ

豧Сӱа´󣬰ưĴС, Сܹԡ
Ķˡ

¾Ĳڸϵʱ˶ǣιЩʳʱ÷ЩСӱȥ

ֻǽȴûлظ

ڽʱһظ
ˣص

ص¾Ҳ֪ǲظǻ
¾˹سǺûлظ״ҪҪ
ԣ¾û̫࣬˵ͷá

󣬱˳ȥ

Ȼ֪ǲظǻ˵˲ص¾ùź뷿Ϣˡ



ҹسǾӪ

ͳܱʸǱ߹Ȼж
⼸գܴͣɱͳԭΪЩɱʿˣû뵽ڵ󣬷־ȻӰֽš

Ĵܱɨȥܱ֮ǰ޼
ڴԵؿ֮ĳʣȥ˻𣿡

ûСͳӦ

ʵϣ֪ȴ֪ӽЩ
ȥѰˣҲһֱûгЧ

̧֣ܱڻϵȼֽȼյٶȺܿ죬䣬ҫɫ

ͳͻȻ¾ãӦóڱ˥ʿʱʤ׷һٹȻһӵǿɲ
ͳȻ潫Щ⽫ǹսߡ

ġ

˽ҪͲʿɱ
֮ôĿġ
Ҳں
Ѿ֮㣬費ǵв͡
ںģǼʮʿ

ǡһڣͳͻȻͣɫҲþ

ˣ

ͳ̧䵭ɫСĵˡ
ɵʿ

ͳϸһΣƺǰζࡣ
ǴҪɱʿһαһζࡣ
ҲѪ

ԼĪһӣإ߽
ȫˡ

һڶûУͳʡ

ǡإӦ

ԣͳɫЩߣĹȻʿɱɱɱ
ôδɱһڶûץ

ȥɡĵ

إ˳ȥͳŵ˵ӾʲôĿģ
úõĻӲҪðպᣬ
ЩǱҷ֪Ӿˣ

žǣȻ֪ȴ֪ĵط
֪ȴ֤ݡ
һӺš
ҧǷαݣʱ˵Ƕᱻˮ
ԣĿǰϽҷӡ

ֻȰѰϳ

ûӦڰ

ͳ˼ʱȴͻȻϢȥˣͣĽ

ͳһ㶣Ժϸϸ˼Ž⻰
ԱѣԾǴ˵ϢҲҴʱ
Խ⻰
ͳˣ⻰Ҫ

ĵɫɫް⣬ʱЩפ⣬Ҫš
ɣûתƱ

ԣͳǡ
ǳصһؼشҪӴ˵سȥؾ⡣
θӣҪҲס
Ϣפأ˲



¾һ󣬿տյԣѯʽ񣺡𣿡

תȥҹѾߣŻطˣûлظ

ԣ¾˵ͷ֪æûʡ
֮¾ţùź¾ڸߣʳ

ķԸͳȥϢһҹʱ䣬㲻ǴǴ˹سǺ򶼳ǡ
һҹ䣬سСȫ۷׷ס
ҽˡ

ԣ¾ùźڸɢʱ㲻СѾ˽µ̸

ҷŷ˵˵ˡ

ˣ
¾µĲͣ

վѾԵһѾʣ˵ϢĻǼٵģ

ӦġѾü˵س˶۴¡

ҪҪҪѾߵǡ
ҽǱӻǹسǺ򶼳ǵҽ£Ҳаȵ

֪Ѿҡҡͷ˵ҽĽͣ
ӦͦصģȻĽͣˡ

ʱмѾ߽ûлظ

ûлظ

ǲ˵Ϣˣ

ҿǡ

ԸܰȻ

¾ɫŰˣֽű

һԵĽЩģˣû°ɣ

ǼѾ߻̸ۣ¾ȴûмˡ
¾תߣУ߱ߵھͳȥһ¡ЩѾԾǲġ

ԣͷǡ

ܿȥϴһ¡
ڻظʱɫҲõ
ˣЩѾ˵ģϵ˶۴¡

û̫Զһ·ϣѾ˽һ˵ȥӪɱˡ
˵󣬽ԽԽС

˽Ļ¾СԽԽףĶ⼸֡
ûлظ¾ҳһţؾһ
жأ
Ϊʲôûлظ
ǲǺأ
¾ԽԽ£ӶƵز

˵ķӦЩǣˣ̫ˣӢ䣬໤µġ

¾ʱѾȥκλˡ

ԭٰ䣬ûüڣͻȻվ

ΪĶ̫¾վǰһ谵Ҳҡҡ׹

ŵýæǰסˡ
ˣġ

¾ŽֽӻָŬԼƽһǱ¶ĵ׵Ľš
¾ȥӪҪȥȷû¡

Ҳ֪ʱסˣá
˵գѸٷԸ˱



¾ҴҸȥ˾Ӫ

ھӪͣ
Ϊʿ⡣

߽Ӫſڡ

ʿ̧סǰ·ʲôˣ

ǽˣҽ


ԣʿĿϣĶˣȷнıǡ
״ʿջ֣ڶһۺһʿţҽȥͨ

áͷ

ʿת˾Ӫ

ת߽ˣʿѾȥͨˣġ

¾ûгӦֻֽӣСɲ԰ס

ʿֱȥӪ

ʱĺͳӪԲߡ

ڵõͨкʿӪ


ͳȥʲô£

ʿҽ˵ǽˡ

ԣͳģɫƺЩɻ󣺡ġ

֪˭𣿡ͳû̧ѯʡ

ʿӦ֪Ѿ߽˵ǽˣ
ҲΪнıǣſӪͨ

£ͳ͵̧ͷ


֪뵽ʲôĵɫ͵زͳ֮£û˻ؽ֪ʵ飿

ѯʣͳӲͻȻѣһϣҡˡ
ȷзԸ˻ؽ֪ʵ飬ͳˡ

ͳһ̧λϵĽѾˡ
ſտյλͳɫ㶣ʧʣأ

ʿΡΡصȥˡ
ʱȻܸоžʱĺ
衣



¾صš
ʱԽãıԽ

¾󣬱ʹԼҪȥ룬ɴʱȴӪ⣬¾ȴƲסԼȥ롣
ʿΪʲôûг
᲻Ϊأ
ôˣ

¾ԽԽܣ󣬾Щۡ

ֱ¾ͻȻʿμ

֣¾͵̧ͷǲܿƵģܡ
̧ƿڿӰһ̣֪ģһֱ¾ѹֵͻȻͱˡ
¾ֱֱǼⷢᣬǰʣ૵
һߵ¾һ

ڷſʱ֪
ʱŮӵĺ½֣Ҳʡ
ɻۣһ̵Ķŵĺͣɫˡ

ûϵ˻ʱͻȻ»ûбСӡ
¾ڿûСӺ󣬱׼ֱ

״͵ǰھӪʿֻܿһӰͻȻһ̧Ѿվ¡

¾ûü㱻˲ֵ˱ס

ĽȻشڻ˽΢΢и
иĵɫЩ֪֪ŵΪжΣգ

Ŵڵϣ¾ȴͻȻرĲӣ˹ϣû£

ԣ˵ɫһɿŮӵϣӦû£¡
ȻųȥϢŵˡ

¾ţôʵ˭֪᲻ƭ
֪ƭ
뵽¾ͻȻʶˡ
͵ؽԴ̧Ҫȥ
ˣʹ˿ѿġ

ȥ

ֻ֣

ڽµغ¾˲˫̧ۣһ˫ۣͨʣ˵ˡ

Сץĵ˫ϣȴ·ǽץ˵ļ⣬ޣĵƵܡ
ˣŵޡ

ͷƽӣ̧֣Сϵ۲ȥܵͺᣬһһ֣صû£ҡ

ʱΧھӪʿȴԽԽࡣ
һĻһ㵣š
Ȼ˵ʲôȴܿڽĻﱧһŮӡ
ĶʮᣬҲǴδᡣ
⡭š

ھӪʿŸѰΪܿһŮӣ˵ʲô
ΪˣͷҲԽԽ͡

Ȼ˵û£¾ǵƭϾ¾ɻǵã˵ˡ޴Сˡ
ô̡

¾Сһظòã
Ҫܷġ
ộ¾ͲܴϿʲô

̧Сá
˵գ㱧

¾ȴֹᶨңԼߡ

ÿ˶֪ҪúչԼ
ǰ¾ᣬˣٱҪ˿ѿ

תҪ˼ʱǰ±Сӡ

һֱ֪͵͵ΧھӪЩʿ
ıӰһ뵽ԼʱᱻΧۣıƲסĵı塣

ͻȻᲽߵ¾ûעʱ
ŮӵĽʵʵڵĻ
ͬʱĻ͵͵ھӪʿˣ洦á

£

ڽ뿪֮ΧھӪЩʿûлع
ȻǴʱעԼ洦ϣڡ
ͻȻЩ̾ʣǽɣ

û˻Ӧ

˵֪ǸŮ˭𣿡

ھӪû˳ӦΪ֪

ʱھӪǸʿͻȻɫЩɪ˭£
ſǸѾ⻽ˡ

ˣ
𰸣˲ŻȻ
ԭǾǴý겻ķ˰

֪˭ͻȻ󺰣ˣ췣ˣˡ
췣зԡ

ǲⱻ洦ãǷ͵͵ΧʱǴžѾлᱻ׼ˡ
ܿһĻҲֵˣ
۵㶼ûʲôһղܳԷеѰ

                        
лҪ˵СܽҹɫһԲ

76

, ¾һҲҶ
һ, Ӿĸ˿ѿ
ֱ, ¾΢Ŵ, 
е˵˲, , Լ塣

ĴŻ˫ͨȴǿװŮӣһ, ͣС, £ûˡ

ԣ¾ͷؿɲŻɣûһͱͷ
ģԼ嵱һ¡

֪ǵ뵽Ӫ뽫ûжõ·̣ıûټֱ

á
һ˵һ߽Ůӷԡ

¾ԹԵ, һ·ܰ

ԼĪһӵĹʻ˽⡣
ͣ

ͣµһ̣¾̧ͷ, Ե˵ƽӣһ飺ұ

֪Ϊˣ
ֻʹ

Ȼҡͷܸɴࡣ

״ҲֻһΣڵʱûбǣ

¾Ҳû֣˭Ҳûпߡ

ţ¾Ѿſ˽µĲӣ˵ǲظ
¾һ·˷
ڽ¾˳ȥ

ڵѾ߸󣬱˳ȥ

ĿıӰ

¾룬߽ҡ
Żɿ̧֣ˮβסصģˣҿơ

ġ
¾ڵģôִҲæԼܲС
֮¾ĵĵطܶࡣ

֪˵ûˡ
ԣá

¾һգգؿ˵ʣʱ¾㽹ǰȥְ̧ǿĿ׳˶ź͸ɨӡ

ϸ

ϣȻ˺ۣȴǾˣûˣ¾Ƶ󣬼ĺûˡ

ûˡ

״¾ץļϣڷ˼֮˿
û˾ͺá

ģȴڲ֮ͣ󣬱ͻȻ̧֣ץס󣬽վŮǰ
΢΢ףֱ۹ûƭ㡣

һΣ¾ڵ˵ͷֻ̧ر
֪ûƭ¾ɫͻŮӽС̵ţԺҲ׼ƭҡ



˸ҡ



Ӧ¾ĵĲڽƽ

պгףĽŮӵĽѹڻ¾ûо֮ʱ˵ĺԽԽ

ͻȻ¾ʶʲô͵ͷأ
ûмûˡ

ĴɫڶŨأðΣ˲΢΢˶ûˡ

ĸѹúܵͣԣ¾ûѹֵ͡

ҿòãҪ˲ŷġ

Ϊſ޹ʱ˵⻰ʱ˫ˮէ֡

ļⶼһһۡ
ľܾˡ
ָ̧֣СĦɳƵá

£¾ɿ˼

ȴһѱףȵĺĶϣȥϿ

¾ĵˡ
ԣ룬ҡͷڴϲ㣬ҹ߰

ڵ˫һ˿Ц⣬ɫ硣
˵Ĵļ磬һ㲼޵⣬Ľ׸ô죿

ѣûµǣѵһˡ

Ļ¾ʶʲôСЩ죺ǡǲѣҡ

һҲܲûаĺۼ

£˿˹ᣬĿ
ûгӦ

¾ҲûеӦܺá
㽫ȥһ΢ŮӵСָһ˵Ĵϡ

˴

¾˫ֻסĴȣʱʱŲطϸϸؼ飬£ɫ棬ȷûаĺۼ

ûС

ڼһȺ¾ջ֣һŲȥ緽һ㣬һȡ

һΣ¾СָմһʱȴͻȻһ˫ǽڷĴ֡

һѽһֻ§ϣѹڻ

¾ЩãȻͷ
ڼû

ɻĴﰵأС̫߹ҵˡ

Ļº¾ɫãȻɻΪѾ֣¡

¾һ̣С죺

ȥϣѹ˸飬

£§ϵֱƣһֱĽνᲽȥ

ֻĵĲӻṳ̂бͻȻһӵŮ

ԲԲ

һ˿ӣĵĽŲ˶٣Բ¡
ΪǺ¡

£¾ȴͻȻӦæҲ¡

ܵĽŲֶ˶٣¾ֵԲ

㡭ͣ˲ӣ

¾Ļҧҧĵ׵ʮˣˣһˡ
˵¾˶٣Сʮأ

ҲܾöûˣҲ˵ֻҪϧҪҵӾͲٳġ¾ĵ׵Ļһúðϧģġ
ԡԲɡ

ϧҲ뿴ܡ
ңҲ׽

Ķ˶.ĺ
ܾöûг

¾һֱ֪ģЩţɴʱڿ۵׵ľͻȻͲˡ
ǣע£¾ͻȻ̧
ŮӱۣŨ̵ܾĽë΢΢죬ҧĴЩɬǡ

ıֱ۲˲

¾ڹԸ׽

ӰתŨ

ĵĿһֱСϣظǡ

ã¾УͻȻĴڣ²£

¾Ķͣ

ĽŨֻҪ˵£Ͳζ

ԣ¾ԥҡҡͷ¡

£û¾ٿڣ˱͵̧֣ĺϣĴѹԼ

¾ɬǳǣǣضȡ
һһ߱ȥ

ûһ¾Сͨ졣

ڴ齱ɿĴ
û¾˵Ǳϡ

¾ֻһһ߳Щҵǡ

˿ȴɵвŮӵĽۣʱʱŮӵĽģ˴صĴϢϧĻ

ˣһ컡



պ

գ뿪Ӫ֮󣬱ҲûӪ
ͳҲҽ˵Ϣɢ

ǵҲѾⰵפأ˵ϢҪ뾩ӶУҪЩʱա
ԣͳڰѽ쵽º¡

ʱͳ뵽©顣
֮ͳ֪ԭӪǽˡ
˵ΪˣǵģԲӪ

ͳ뵽⼸նûӪҲ֪ô£ģ᲻ǷΪ֪ʵ飬ˡ

ǽգͳ˾Ӫȥ
©˽ǷҪ֣Ǿɣ뽫޹ء

ʱչʱ
¾лתѣΪоЩ⡣
ۺ.ĸоԽ¾Ժ¿ȥ

ڴ齱ߣ帩£һֻҩƿһֻ֡
¾ҶС

ĵ

û̧ûͣ

¾ҲһֱӲӡ

ֱҩĨ꣬˲ջ֣ҩƿϣһԣ㣬ϱ졣

ʱ¾СѾĲˡ

ͷ¾ЩҿҧԺԼĨҩ

ķ˸ͷЦʣ֪𣿡

ЩãȻؿЩĻ

״Ŀŵֵ٩ʣ֪𣿡

¾ˣæͷ
ʵϡ֪

СԽԽ죬ĵЦ֪ߣҶǵ˯źҩġ

ǣ
¾ʶʲôҿæű쵲סԼҡ

ʵϣֻһαŪˡ
Ȼ֪

ԲߵĲеҲ
ûܵκӰ졣

ʶ˵©ˣεЦһʱ˵Ի·ŮЩͬ
ʱı̧֣űϡ

¾һϻȥ

˿㣬ǲҿǲȻ㿴ҵģ

¾

¾ý

סСţһס¾ɪҶˡ

ĴţŮӵС磬Ө͸ֺװֵģʮֿɰʱţЩŵ

¾Щţ࣬ˣý
Ŀֱ̫¾÷

ã¾ΪҪʲôʱȴͻȻСر졣
̧Щƣ˯𣿡

˯ˡ

ɡ

Ļ£¾ͨ




ͳ˴ȥ˿ͷ
ЩĲɵغŲˮ
ڽûʱ䣬ͳѯСˡ

ʣ⼸տɻã

һڣͳԼ죬ʲôпɻã

СѾޱػӦˡ
á

ŶŶٺ١ͳεЦЦþͺá

ְһͳסֲʣǽأ

Ҳá

ԣͳɫ᣺Ǹʣ⼸սûзʲô¶

Ȼ⻰Сû

ͱ罫ͷ˵Ĺϵͳʡ

һΣĻ£СȴûлӦǳſ밲

ԣͳɫһæǻ
ģվЩţ밲

Ჽ߽ӣλС˼״˳ȥ

ĳʣʲô£

ͳվͷòɵ˵ϢѾɢȥˣҪ˶ñᴫ뾩ӶС

ԣ̧ûгӦʣΪ£

Ȼǣ

ͳͻȻȥġ
ʧְûܼʱʵ֪ˣ뽫𷣡

Ĵʳָ档

ͳصȴУãˡ

ͳ̧ЩɣǷˡ

£ͳԭɫ䵭ĽĿͻȻ

ⲻùʵġ

ʵͳʣ費Ҫȥ˳塣
񡭡Ҫȥ塣

ͳվ
£ͻȻһˡ

뽲

ޤ

ͳһ㶣ޤ
˵ˣޤ򶼳պʦ
ֻǽΪҪ
ͳûжʣӦº˳ȥ



ޤʱٲ֮򶼳ǱԵɽӡ

ͳմӽ뿪֮󣬱Щȥ򶼳ɽ
ҵޤףɽȴѡ

ͳȥޤסĵطΣû붯
ɽպ󣬼ޤûɿҪɽ˼ͳ붯ʱޤȴͻȻӦԸɽ

ޤͻȻע⣬ͳͷŪһһ㶵ġ
ʱּᶨľܾʱӦˡ

ȻԸϣ⵹ͳ䡣

ͳޤȥ˹سǣǰ֪ͨҵޤ󣬱ȥĸۡ
˼ǲҪȥ

ͳȻ֪ΪΣҲΥޤȥĸۡ

գͳ򽫾Ϣ

ֱպĲȥͳĸۡ

ڿͳʹ飬ˣͷ̫źˣ붯ˡ

ޤƫҴȥ

ĵͷͳԡ

ڸյƫԺſʱͳͣ˲ӣţȽȥ̽·

ΪʲôҪ˵̽·أ
Ϊ׼ͻɳʲô

ͳһͷȻ书ֽȴĺܣҶʱһһ׼ͳ䣬Ҳж㲻ʱ
Ǵȣͷҵġ

ͳ½ҡ

ֻͳǰŸ̤һ̤ʱӰ˹ȥ
ıӰͳһ㶣ҪڣĵĲӿ죬ͳ֮ǰڷ

ڷ

ͳһ㶣漴˽Ĳӣƿź󣬷Ȼûˡ

أͳɻ

Ჽ߽ڣĿ⻷һܺͻȻſڡ

ͳãȻ֮С
ͻȻ㴫һ

ҽ

Ƿ
ͳվſڵĲޤ

ȥˣͳ߽ܣǡ
һڣͳʶͷŵһ份ıǡҽ

ʶ
Ҳԣ򶼳˭ʶҽ
ȻˣƤˡ

Ŀޤڵͳ¡

ǡͳת˳ȥ

ޤᲽ߽ڡ

Сӯ彡˶ͷ׷Ƥڣ˫ȴȡ
óǸоͷ
ϵ׳

ޤģЦʣʲô£˵ˣΪң

˵⻰ʱޤĿĵɨɨɨһۺɫɻ
ôǰ˶˵ӡ

ֱԣǡ
ڣȥ̧ޤһҩ

ʲôҩޤʡ

һ˺˲Ůӻеҩ

ԣޤɫһۣûг

֪Сֵ
ҩ˵ֻҪơ

ãޤͻȻЦǰȥĵĶ

ôŮˣ

ûлӦޤüֹֻĨʣҩǸ˭õ𣿡

һΣĻӦˣ䣺ҡ

ԣޤһ֪ʲô漴ЦһǬԪĶȻӾ

ĵɫ΢

ޤҲûˣֱԣҿƣҩأ޵ģҲֻܹ꣬Ҫ𣿡

һûĻơޤƼһ䡣

ꣿ

ԣüѷӸҡ

Ӵ
˰Ҫӣ
ޤһ
оԵԽԽأޤðһ䣺ɱҰɣɱɶûС

ЦҪĺH֪Ժôȥ
ô̹̹ȥȪ

ޤвĻû뵽Ļº󣬱ĵҾɱ㡣

⻰ޤæǻ֣𼤶𼤶

ɫεɱ⣬ޤŵú޲ջ˵Ļ
СûģҪɱ˿ɾͲˡ

ǸҲ֪Ϊʲô˲ҩֻ𣿾Ϊҩʵûзӡ

ѽ˵Ҳô룬ʱ仹һ㷴أ

ɫɶޤֵǸϲģ˵Ļ
ȥ껹ȥһԣʾܻأ

ĲǱޤĻ˵ˣ֪ޤӡ

ޤੲݣȴѾջۣɤ䵭õ

ԣޤеĻȻֹ漴Цʮա

                        
лҪ˵ǿг
ɡƽȡΣ 
ҵšơ
һҹÿƪĵľǿ
֪ΪʲôȻԲ˷һǾСҪ

77

˵Ϣ, ʮպС

ڿ˴ź, Цá
Ȼʿûܳɹɱ, ˣǿνü

, ڿԳûԵıˡһԵĻŵ

ջ٣Ż⽥ڻϨ, ͻȻ˵𣿡

˵ǲҲ, Ĵ滳Ҳգĵףһ˿

Ļ¿, ġ

ҽԳ˥֮ʳʤ׷, £һٹȴڴʱͣ˶ĽϢĻᣬˣǿŲãͣ

ӣҽˣѱ, ָսֻۣŻָԪʱĺû, ɴʧĻֵ

Բ٣

ԣ΢΢漴תҵԸa̽ı㉲

ǡ



ڿһºǱ˶

ͳյ⴫Ϣ󣬱ȥ⡣
̽ʵ顣

Щı٣ҪϢصѡ
ʤʤڣĵվɽ࣬߻̵ɽҲ뿪
οӻʮֽ

ͳȥ󣬱㽫⼸ռصۺŷ֣üһգȥ

ǽô죿һԵ

ͳɫأԸǼأæ˹سǣ

ѾʼԵˡ

ͳһ벻ͨôⲢһСĿҪغѡ
ǽЩʲôطΪһֱѰȴûκջ

ǽô죿ͳʡ

ĵɫİԣڣͿˡ

ͳ˭ȥ

񡣡

ӣ

ԣͳ룬ȷǶȥʡ
²˽ȥǹͣǻʼˣ»Ĳأࡣ
ԣöҪմǴ¡

ͨı֮ҷӱɡ
Ϊӣȥ£һ

ͳˬЦǽ˼ܵǶӽҷûϸ߿ܲģЩҲת˷ֶ֧ӡһá

鴼ΪͣƴʦŵӣǬԪǶӵϻλԺȻ̩񰲡

Σͳǡǡ뷴ˡ

֮ԻȥϽҷΪûϻλġ
һ㣬Ǭĵ۱֪

˲̽ǵ·ʲôĵ

ǡʵϣͳѾ˸ˡ

⣬ٴ򾫱ȥţǹ˶ʮ֮ٿ򡣡

ľһҩ

ΪʲôҪڹ˶ʮ֮ٿ
Ϊڹ˶ʮҲ뾩ˡ



سǵԽԽɭϣѽѳ
ۡ涼פŲʿء
ֽѹֵգԣѾ˲꽫

¾ڽдãװŷ󣬲ŵݸתŵˡ
дƊš

֮ǰ¾ӦƊ˵غҪдţʲôӡ
¾˺󣬱㲻ȻҲûҵʲôӡ
дһ±Ҳһֱš

ǰգͻȻյƊʱֽıԹ
ԹûдţԹǲѾ

¾ЦЦԽձдһš
Ϊʵûʲôӿд¾ֻд򶼳Ǵһ¡
ҲΪĻˡ

ֻǴʱسǵɭϣǶԵ죬żˡ
ԣ¾ڻûгʱڳŴ㱻

ʶǽǽ˵ţسŵʿԿ˽ȥ

سǾӪ

Ӫڿףձɭϡ
ŵʿĬ
Խ˵󣬱һֱվ
õǷŲ𿪺󣬱һֱš

Ҳûκûнȥ
û˵Ȼ˳ȥԱһֱվš
ǽܵѵ٣ôվţվһʱҲڻ¡

ֱͳ߽ʿһģּ

ԣʿæǡ

˵գʿת˳ȥ·ͳʱͣ˲ӣ밲

ͳ࿴ۣĥŽ˵Ļ䡣
һͳջԽˡ

߽ӣͳ̧򽫾ʣΪʲôҪһģּˣ
̤ʱˡ

̧һۡ

״ͳڨڨر죬Ķʱûˡ
Ŀģͳɫ࣬ɫѾִ塣ձ뾩

ԣĵɫһݣżʣô

ǵѾʣµıסˣֻפı㣬Ҳֻټ졣

칻ˡֻҪܴĶоС

ԣͳãȻص˵ͷ
֪ΪҪʣµЩס
ҲӲ򣬾ס

ʵĲϣֻڸѾԵһ¡
ڣҪأȴƫƫҪ֮ڡ

Ŀġ

ųȥһģּǸʿ˽
˴ˡ

һǾӪרʿдŵˡ

ʿսͨī֮˺ܶ࣬˼ʱȴҪһ⣬ԾӪ϶ǻרŴд֮ˡ

밲μ
ǽţﶼ΢΢⻹һ



վ

ĵųдһݡ

Ľŵ˳ȥԵʿҪӹ֮ʱȴͻȻջ֡

ˡĻʿ£ǰţ㿴ų

⻰ͳ㶡
̧۽ɫ˵١



ͳһƺҲŸջعæǡ

˵գǰȥ

״ͳ˼־죬ĵ׵ĺ֮Ҳǡ
Ǹҳȥһ 

ûͳȥ
·ʿʱͳϢظʹ˸

ʿҲ˳ȥ

߳ȥԶ˼ͳæתʣʲôţ

ʿصǽ˼Ļؾǵš

ԣͳͫ׷Ŵ۵׾ǲ˼顣
ͽǷ˼Ļؾǵһţ
ǽΪҪ˴ۣģּ³дһݣ
ŻĲ׼

ͳĵɻ󣬵ȴҲʿĲɵذ˰֣ȥɡ

ǡ



¾Ȼ֪дǷѾ˵˰
ȥǵģģּ³дһݡдǷݣѾĲˡ

ҹظʱ¾˵¡
ҽոƊдһš

¾֮Ի˵£ҲΪġ
ǲ֪ܼܲĳȥ

Ȼ֪Ĺسжôɭϣڸϵһ죬ڵ˵Ϣ
ǲܼĳȥ취
һ죬ҲûκϢ

ϣľ϶ܼĳȥ

¾һ㶣ƶ˼ɻ̧ô֪

ԣ˶˶١

¾ѾɣҲǱ϶֪

ôɭϣġ
ܼܲųȥȻ

¾ЦЦǲ֪Ɗʱյˡ

ֻڸ̾ѯʣȴɿ϶ա

ԣ¾ô𣿡

ǰȻ졣
Ŀûн͡

¾Ҳûж룬ֻ˯ʱȴͻȻСٵȼգͻ򶼳ǡ

򶼳ǣ

£¾˲ѣ̧Ϊʲô

ȫĵطĵ

ﲻȫ𣿡¾ЩĻסĺܺ

ûлӦҲûг¾ȴƿ˽д·



պҹǡ
Ӹ

ٳŵƽʣ֡
ӵĴ檣Ҳڻĵ١

ֻǽɫȴЩѿΪӲûΪ١
һӾȻ檵ķ

ٳ㾹˴ĵӣҹȥΪ١

檼ȻЦ⣬Цȴ۵ףﴦǱ䡣
Ͷɵĺܣװˡ

ֽҧԺһƬһƬ˺顣
㣬ţ
һҪŪ

պѣĿȫǡ

ǰԺĵƻͨͬԺȴǺڵϹ
һź£ҴסԺȥ

ȥסԺʱȴ˸֪ӴʱǴ
ǻȥס

ʱԺӿڣѾŮĽЦ

֪Ѱ֣Ȼû˸ȥţʱͬ¹죬ǻֱܽԺ顱Ĵŷš

ӣ²ˡ

£ڵĻЦûͣ

ǻֽ˼

ãһɤ

ԣæƿ˽ȥ

ڣƣڹ֮ϣŴɢǷή֮⡣
㣬Ͻһޱɵع¡

̧عǣ˫ȴдҪ˵򡭡ҾժԴ

ɫû⻰ŵæӣ²ˣ⴫Ϣ˵ǡ

˵ʲô⼸䣬ɫ͵رˡ

˵Ƕaԡˡ

ˣ

һ߿µ㣬͵վʲôˣ

ǻǶȶֵġ

ô֪

벻صĳ룬Ҳᱻķ֡
οĲ

뵽ͻȻʶĵļơ

һţߵ⧲ϵޱ䣬Ůӵ.¶ޡ
ʱȴûһ˿
Ϊͷӵŭ⡣

ɫţ͵ؽϵıˤڵϣģŵæޱȥ


һǷ

Ȼᱻķ֣ˣټȥ֮²ͱ¶ˣ

ʲôæĻأȥĻŸ

ԣæȥĻŵķ
ֻǣȥʱĻŵķѿһˡ
ҷеĶѹһա
Ȼ·ˡ

˳æܻӷڣսսصءӣĻšĻˡ

ˣ

ԣһһŽ˵߷ɣɫʲôвˣ

ĶѹһգĻˡ

ԣͫһ͵Цֲ
ҧң

ǾߣҪҵ
ȻҺǰѾԤϵʱԣ͵͵ˡ
Ҫáܣ

˶߶£æ˳ȥ

ʶԡ
Ѿˡ

ʱͻȻȥϵİʱ˵͵͵ؾˡ

ʱֻЩɻ͵͵ؾ⣬ͼʱϢȴͻȻһ²⡣
͵͵ؾ᲻Ϊ򸸻ʽҷ

ԣһ

Ѿһı֤֤֤ȷ䣬û뾩򸸻ʽҷҪ
뵽ͻȻ죬ȥһʱģ

ǡ

Ҵȥһ˶Ӹϣһ㣬ˣӣڻؾ빬ˡ

䣡

˫ֲƵز˫ɺ죬ĵ׻顣
ô죿
Ѿȥ򸸻ʽҷˣ˵ʱץѾ·ˡ

ĻңͻȻ뵽ʲô͵زѯǸaϻжٱ

ǻӣжʮ򡣡

ʮ򡭡
ɫ÷񣬺һԴУһ
һ



ԣߵĸߵµӸʱ㷢Ѿˣһͬ뿪ģ檣㡣

ʹǵ

Ǭĵŭ⣬͵һϣȻҰԵЩ

ߵŵùڵϣΡΡҿ

Ǭĵ۵ϰŵģ֮š

սѹ֡

Ǭĵŭգɳ־ؽ׽ù鰸

ǡߵĨһѺæ˳ȥ

ڸߵ˳ȥǬĵȴͻȻֽ˺顣
ֽϾǣǬĵ۶ϵֱðͲϵɫϹɫɭɲ

ȫǼӹ鰸
һҹǡ
󲻽⣬գ鲼ھǽϵ־
Ļ̡̻

չȥˣûӵѶ
־жܣ˰ҰŲ顣
ȴûץӡ

ӸѾ־Χ
ʺҲ𽹬ݶӡ
ƺһҹ䣬졣

ֱֹգһսͻȻݴ졣
գʹӱ޸뾩ǡ

ǵڡ

ʹأܱʸͷɤԣϣ췴ˣ

£Ǭĵۼģ͵ȥ

ͬʱڵĹǾŴ󺰣ϣ



췴ϼģԲѣ̫ҽҹΣȴɻ췦

ƽȣӲƣд飬ܲܳ

ڿɵ㣬ܲԶĶٻؾǣ伩ù鰸

ʱ¾ڵõϢʱѻ򶼳ǡ
ʱ͸ΪҪ˵򶼳ȫĵط

Ϊ񾩳Ǹӻҡ
سǣ뿪֮פıһ󲿷֡
Ԫͳڹسǣܼػģֻ򶼳һط
ûйسǡ

ʱȣ¾ûзӦʱҪ뿪ؾ
˴λؾȴֿ龩ȥı鰸
֪գ¾ĵ׵ģȴֲұ¶

ҹ
ҽҹҹ뿪򶼳ǣȥǡ

Уֱͣ򶼳ǣڽ͵ĳŸ˻ؼҡ
ڴʱȴͻȻһ˴ɱǡ

ҹԲ¡
µգ¹࣬¹±С
硣

Ȼͣ¾͵͵һĿǡ

ȥ֮Χ˱ɢĺܿ죬ֱ󣬿յĽֻʣ¾ͽإ硣
ӦûһˣǼĳ

¾ȴ·

¹£˲ǰһһں

¾䣬ֵ᲻
Ų̤ڰĽֵϣӰ¾ؿڣإ硣

뽲إ

˵һ˻᲻Σգ

إߵʱٴΣ¾Ӧ˽Щ

إᡣ

Ĳ𣿡

ˣҪŽ
ϣ˽ˣǾͽзһˡ

إƶ¾ĵ׵ĵĲŵȥôһЩ
΢Щ

ɾȴǿĵ׵İοҹĴû߼Ѵ©

¾ȫ½ʣ˼
ˡ

˵£ͻ
һ㣬Ϳʼˡ

¾ý󣬲ԣΪ±񿴳۵׵Ứ

ҹɫ¼ţˣإܲĵ׵벻ᣬԶղûȰ
˾ظڷ

ֱֵľͷͻȻ
إһ

¾ȴǵһͷġ
һ̣·ܸоˡ

ڻϵӰ¾ۿתͻȻ͵
ģȴڸ
ּѹ

¾˲ӣæ˲ϵ顣
±֣ġ

ֻĶġ

Ϩ˷
߽

إԾȥ

¾̧

յװ磬գռ뽫ʱ뾩սʱһģһ
ʱ߽Ҳգ븮ʱͻȻת߽ĳһģһ
ֻǴΣûг¾Ҳûгһӵ

ҹ¾ȿĿڣ΢΢ʵɤѯʣôֻˣ

ĴŮӸտ޹˫¹ܴ̽ĵףۡ
˶˶ء

£ǰ߽һ߶༰ĵطסҵĲӡ

¾֪Ҫʲôֱ̧Ĳӡ

һ˲˱˫סŮӵĽν
¹ʵҹɫ£Ůӵ˫˳ƽؼ˵ϡ

ڽϸϸؼ֮󣬲ŵҼº󣬲ˡ

ԣ¾ᣬĵһһظԼܿޣġ
˵ֻܵ

ˣȴɽһ
ĺ󱳣
ͬʱ˴սĶߵҪˣҾ²˴

ӲЦ⻰ġ

Ҫǰ¾Ȼýǽһֱڵͷһֱڵͷ

ֱգɫŨ¾һĿ˵뿪
һΣڽ⣬ǽֵϡ



ؾʮգľӱݡ
˽ΪȻؾʱȴֱֱݡ

ѱռ졣

ûʣıȥݣ֧ԮӺ󷽼л

ǰлһµʱ䣬㹥ݣһٽӼù鰸
һı췴ʹ˰䡣

ʱʮ塣
뿪򶼳ǣһ¡

ҹѺؾ

̫ҽϲǣպ󣬻ˡ
û뵽󣬵һ¾ȻҪ

˹

˴ȥ˻ϵ޹
ǻ⼸ΨһԸˡ

޹ʮְŨҩζ
ſͣ

Ჽ˽ȥ

ϣһ˾š
Ųѵزȥ

û߽վڼԶĵطͣޱؿ

ǬĵҲ޹ڵȴβסϵĲݣļѪɫǡ
ڿʱǵɫȴͻȻ÷񣬱˻췴

һ췴Ǽʮһ

ĵɫ޲㡣

ǻЩ갵Ǹݰôܻбı

ֻһֱڹˣĶһֱǬĵۡ
ǷҪţġ

ûЩô췴

Ǭĵضģ˫Ѫ˿ܲĵĻ˴̼ͻȻҵĽɽ

ԣЦһҶǸλûȤ

Ǭĵ۲Ųš

˴£һ췴ӵܱʱǬĵ۾͸
Ļƭ꣬иģлɳˡ
ЩΪ⽭ɽΪʲô

οȥǻ𣿡
ĵɫһ۱ܶϤǬĵ۵˼Ρ

ȷǬĵġ
֮ˣΪЩŴʨӴ󿪿ڣǬĵ۱ͲٰͣѱǬĵֻһһЭ

ͻȻս£Ǭĵ֪ţΪ˲ٱңǬĵ۲Żɴ
û뵽⾹ĵļơ
ĸһ

ıĶھͣ죬ȥĲɱ֣ȻôҲֻɱϴϴϴˡ

ȥһ̧ؿǬĵۡ

㵱갵ɱʱӦ뵽ôһ졣

ǬĵЩ֮ԻЩҲΪ˷
һģɱһɱ

ԣǬĵɫ𾪣ܵ˾ţô֪ģ

ȻΪΪʮȥս˵ЦһΪΪ㻶ģ

ĳ겻ھǣױ㱻Ǭĵš˿ҫֻ֪γġ

ŶH

HǬĵ𾪵ɫһ˿־塣

ĿǬĵۣɫ䵭˵һԼصˣϣ.Լӵ׽ˬ𣿡

ԣǬĵɫ֣֪ģ

ĴţĽսʱ뵱һŮĺӡ
ʵȻھǣھǣʮ֮ǰ뿪ǡ

֮ԻıôΪάʼҵӡ
ΪĵĸH
Hȴδʱ˽ͨһУڻʹġ

˶֪ȵ۽һλHСϦ
ձʮ߱򲡹ȥ
δˣϥ޶Ů
Ľ飬ٽ֮ʱĽȴͻȻ뾩սˣ˴һ±ʹ˸á
ҵǣĽδ龩֮ǰH

˵HǬĵ۵ǰ·ֳָҹϦڷɱ֣ĵĳ
ǹģˣΪ

ǬĵͻȻĵĿⶼ˿־壬ȻǸӣ͸ɱΪϦ¡

Ǹ

Ǭĵ۴ӿ־л񣬿˻𣺡޵͸ɱ㣡

ǺǡЦ£ɫͻȻɱ㡣

һ£ǬĵۻӦ˹
ԽԽǬĵ۵ɫͻȻ־壬ȴˣֻܾŵҪʲô

ûٻӦ

ˡǬĵŵ󺰣˰
û˻ӦǬĵۿѾ߽ģֻŴ󺰣ˣ˾ޣ

˻ڶûκ˽Ǭĵʶİˡ

ڣչǬĵ۱Ѫʶɢ

ľӸµؿ

Ǭĵ̧µһ̣Ҫɱġ
Ľǣֱһ̣ûٴĵ½ǡ

ǬĵۿҪ֮ʱ֣̱ϣһ˿ʶʱĿȻվڵڵ
һŵĶӣʱɫ˪



߳ڹ⣬ĽŲתЦӭζ֡

ͣʲô㣿

ĸȻȥϼ๤˺ӡ

֪ĸʵҲڻʹ
˺ӣҪʼգȥϼ๤ֱ˺ɹ

˳Ĭ

ãŻĵ֣ʹ𣬱ء

ء

ҹ
ʱ̣ʹɥӡ

ǬԪʮ꣬Ǭĵۼݱ
ڻϵ޹ڷʥּ

һʥּ߻ĻΪۡ
һʥּǲⶨΪ˺

                        
лҪ˵ȥˣĸʵǸβûи£ٺ١
ڰѾˡ
ûн׵ĵطǿСܻڷ͡
񡭡ʵ֮ԻΪʦԸ̳лλЩҲǬĵйأɣҲڷ͡
ˣӦҲˣĲֵʵûжˣΪͨѻкĲַڷ⣬ٺ٣
С˵һ䣬д£СĵطʵڡŮ²˴²˴СۺŮʵѡ죨ЦУ

78

򶼡

һȥмɼ˲ٲ, ɫС

ڻؽʱ, Ѿˡ
ʱŸʣµЩѯʷ

, ɫУ

¾˿ҡͷƫ

״, һīɫĽչʾ
ɫأ

¾ƣҡҡͷ
ϻʣĳ, ɫ̫, ̫֯СñӲ̫ʡ

ٵȼձĵС½գǰ, ˵С, 죬ЩСڸϾһۡ

£¾ǳȥۼ֤½һγ

СӲ޲֣ʮֹɣ֪ǲ¾ǳԵʣ½ϲ¾ĺܡ
Ի˺ٳģ̡
ÿ¾ȥ˳, ½һһ̣ǻ¾
½գ¾ָ֯һñӡ

ҲЩɫ, ڷظˡ

ˣЩɻʣ

ЩǷȥмɹĳС

бС˱ϣ¾߽ƣģԵǶͦ¾⡣

ɡ

ԣ费ȥЦҲɫ
ƫ۵Ļɫ͸ףȴԴЩɫҲޣá

Ǻãūȥü

գ㽫üõĽ

¾ǰҽԺʱѧ֯ñӣԽӲٶ֯
һ֣ĺܡ
ǵЩ磬֯Щ

ñӽͷһ֯á

ڶգ¾ȥ˳ϡ

ʱĵķѾ˲Ůӡ
¾֮ǰй֮Եܹ鲻̫ϤԽһЦ֮

ı½ǰЦԶͿˣڻأ

̡̣½һ˫ҫҫĴۿ¾˫Ҫ¾

״ֺ̧½֣̱ôأû

ĵĻ¾Цˣ½º˫¾ݽû£ұСɡ

ǺðɡĶ˾ͷԼߡ

á

¾½ڻĺӹȻˣ½һ¾Ļġ

һŮЦСӹȻϲСһСǾһˡ

ƣá

½ʱץ¾ڼͷ͡

¾ˣڲֹֻܿģݽ㡣

Ŀˣ߽һ½СϣҲû󲻴½Сֺû졣

ǰ¾þġ
½ֱӡ˼ʺĺָӡ

ȻǱˣȻûɡ
˼£ɿ

ʱ䣬֪СסˣıҰɡ

ԣ¾ûм֣㽫½
ȷˡ

½¾֣ĵš½󱳵һֺֻݺݵϣһ죬ĵ¾һ

½ˡ
һ߿޵˺ѷΣһ߻¾

޵ѵú壬Ҳ÷Ѿ߱ȥ塣

¾½ʱǼ̣ЩģȻȥ壿

ԣĲкغޣú壬ſͲˡ
Сӣˡ

¾ۣ룬̲סھ飺СҸ㣬ԺкĪҪŮʵ壬Ҳ̫׻˵³Тӣ⻰û

򶼳Ǿǽ򲻳ӾĽȻԺγ

ԣ¾֪ģͻȻ˼£δЩ

˵Щת룬СôᣬȻͬ
룬ֵСҲûϵϾҽ

СĻûҽ˭ᡣ
Сĺҽ᲻ᰮݼڣƾֱиУᣡ

¾ЦĴݽ㣬һû¡

ȷδ¡

Ҳԣ¶áĵҲûٶẢһ£Ͼ֮飬ڶᡣ

½ȥ¾ֻܽ֯ñӽġ

õñӺϸƣ̧Լ֯ģɫЩȡ



ԣЦ½Сиˡ

Ҳû뵽СԼ֯ġ
ִ˿ܿС½ϲ

ӣĿˣСͦϲСġ
˾ǻ࣬ķŸŶẢһʱʱ͹ܲס죬Щһ̵ؾܡ

СᣬҲϿҽӡ˸ۡ

һڣıԼ졣

¾Ҳ΢
֪ݽǺ⣬¾漴㺬Цãݽ㼪ԡ

ʵĵĻ¾ĵҲ˼˿Ρ
ı뵽ü۸͡

¾ĻĵΣ״æĵطġ

ֹһͻȻܽһСˡ
ɫƲסϲá
һݱæˣкϢ

Ļȥʣôˣ

С˵Ըū˵ǰߴϢͳѹǣɹˣ

󼸸С˵Ŀ

ʲô

£˵ɫ͵ش䡣
𾪣в˼飬оϲͻȻĲ֪ͷת
໥

¾Ҳɵġ

ǶӦﰲձ籬һ͵ըѡ

ϲ

¾ɫԵˣڣСһ㣬ӿЩҵǼϲã˷ܣһ鼷ѹĵĴʯͻȻصɡ
ڲٳĸˣ
ڲٵˣ
ˣ

Ϣһҹ򶼣ѡ

¾ϲãҲףأȴûоþڴ˵صĳǰ㼤ҵ

˶Ϊز֮ʱ¾ȴġ
ˡ
û



֪ڹŽգҲȥϴ֪ûнǵϢ
ڳһƬַڵ֮УȴûκνǵϢ

ֱһҹ

פ򶼳ǳŵͻȻ⵽Զƥ򶼳Ƿɱ
ݾӰ׷硣

֪˭ɫ裬ڳ¡

ֱ

һվڳ¥ߴʿۣעԶϵӰΪ˵ԽԽͻȻʲôɫ󺰣ҽ

ʲô

ҽ

ڳ¥µʿ𾪣֪Ǽ١

ʱڳ¥ϵʿæ쿪š

ԣڳµʿæ˳š

ڳű򿪵һ˲䣬ĵӰ⡣
󣬻ˣѹѹĿѹǣư硣

˻ûзӦʱҽӰֱʻڡ
κͣ
ٶ֮죬ǻȥʱܿҽԽԽģıӰ

ҽȴڳŴͣ
פسŵʿӦ߽һʿ󺰣Уξ

鷶Ǹɫ𾪵ʿЦôʶˣ

ԣʿæͷʶʶ᲻ʶ

ֻǡ

УξΪҽ򶼳ǣûյκϢ
˵ӦǰӵϢ֪ͨ򶼳ǵĳ
ʱźðóӭӡ

鷶Ŀ⿴ҽȥĵط

ʿעȵظ

ͻȻ鷶һʿϣЦźǳ⣺ˣʲôʣʵ𣿡

ʿǱˣ鷶Ļɵ㶵صŶŶߣУξ롣

ԣ鷶ЦЦ

ǻسǵϢҽͨ⣬ʲôԭ
Ȼ鷶Ҳ֪ҽΪλͨ



˽ط磬Ҳûôá
ŷ䣬ȴΪֻڷ⣬㾫ŷ»ڵһʱȥź

ҹɫԽԽԲ£¹谵ڳµķƣղԶӰС
һȥǺҹ

̧ԽյķţȼյƺӰڷ洦

Ҳ֪˯ûС
գԽ֣Խܲĵ׵į֮顣
ǲ֪ʱ

̾ջۡ

ɾڽջ۵˲䣬ͻȻԶĵƻ
λڴŴʱȣǲ˼յƣյ
ôˣͻȻôյơ

˼͵ʶʲôɫ
֪ͨˣǿջϲһ
ԽתԸԵѾ߼ڷ㾫ţȥ̽̽

·ϣĵ׶мֽš
ֱĶͻȻ˾ϲ̸

ˣ

ԣĲһ٣
ɻûסǼʸ֮ʱһ̧Ժſڱһ˵Ӱ

ǡ

һæ밲

Ӧģһ󼲷ӹ

ʵǰ¾ȻĶ
ʱű죬ⲻȥȥ룬ſѾߵ밲¾û

ˡ
˺εĽŲ

һŴ

ʱ¾Ϊǽ񣬵ʱŲ¾ڱµӱ㲻ز
סϤŲһ˿һ

Ų¾ֲץ˱졣

ʱһͳɤͻȻ¾ͷС

ԣ¾͵ۣһƿ죬ȥ

˾ڴ齱ϣһһصһˡ



¾ҧŴۿ𽥷ɬȴգҲҶģһգһûˡ

򶼳ȻȣµԼڱһ
ŮӵСͨ죬ڶϡϣӨתģȴһһĳۡ

˸

ڴ齱ϣ̧ȥϵĺŮȴš
΢΢ʶʪĴд͸
ȴûзκ

Ķ˶˵Щʲô֣ʱֻƬﶼ벻е˼Ůǣš
ıۡ

ã

¾˵Ͳ㻰ˡ
ҹ֮ڵһ

ˣĴë׵ͷ

ûеӦ¾ֵһϢûУǰȥϴϽϴɶûϢ
ΪҪܾúܾòŻ

㶼ǰ͸¶Ϣҡ¾Թ

ԴָĻȴҲѡ
ǰ͸¶Ϣ㣬᲻ÿնȥŴţ

ԣ¾ĬĬ룬ᡣ
ûгӦ

ûлӦҲ֪ʲô
سǣûȷһǡ
֮ԻŴسǵϢΪǼնȥŴš

᲻á

˰

ʱ¾Ѿĵ׵̧һ˫ͨۿСҫûݡ

֪һ֪ˡ

̧СڿˣҧĽպ壺Ծһ²˴òã

ԣ¾Сһ죬ҧţ˵¾ֻСһ

ҹںƣӰ



⻪һ꣬ʮ£

¾ھµ׻صľǣʱһΣ˽¡

գ
ӭ˽ĵһѩ
겻ͬһѩô

ëĴѩӿƮ䣬ǡ
ѩ׷ɣϵ޼

ʱȴһͻȻ˽
ǸͷСȴȣѩߣȴɽɡ
Źֹͷ

ɤࣺʲôˣ

ͷգգۣ˶ٲʣҽڲڸϣ

ҽ

ޱ飺ڡ

ڰھͺã
ͷЦԥǷˡ

ͷʵ죬Żҽ
ԣ̵ĿɨӣŴŹ֣ʣ˭Ƿʲô

ͲܸˣԴͷЦֻܽȥͨɣ˵¸߷ˣ¹ҽҷɣ˵ҽ򶼳ǵѡ

¹

Ȼͷɣɫ̹Ȼݣһмġ
£룬תͨ

ܿ죬ޤͱ븮ڡ

¾Ժ
ҲЩɻ򶼳ǵѣ

뵽ǳԪ䡣
˺¾ɻˡ
Ϊδˡ

ޤ¾뻭ϵ˱ȶԣ˵ͷŮǻϵһģһ
ˡ

ˡޤ

¾ɻǡ

ҽѡ

ƺԸԼ¾ֱԣ㷽˵¹ҷң𣿡

ǡ

ޤˣЦˡ

ԣ¾һ㶣û뵽Ҫˡ

һԵĽˣüɣ˭

ޤЦţǲӦһǷģ

ˣ¾ĵˣġ

˭֪ǰʲôģȫ¶͸¶ŹŹ֣Ͳˡ
һǶ˳ȥˣͼԷ˲ô죿

¾ޤ֪ģΪģɵ㣬ǿڵ˳ȥ

üˡ

ȥɡ

ԣΣֻܴŷ˶˳ȥ

˶˳ȥ¾ſޤڿ˵𣿡

ԡ

ԣ¾˵ͷ

ޤҡͷأ˵

¾һ㶣̧۲

ޤҲټˣż뿪
ֱԣҽǰһҩ

ʲôҩ¾ʡ

һ˺˲Ůеҩ



ڷ⣬ʱʱȥǵġ
ĵĻûгãͷ˳

뿪ʱգգۡ
⸱жྪˡ

ޤʱɣ뿪ʱȴǸȥͶ̥ߵø
̲һգۣŸ߳ͷ˾Ѿˡ

ЦޤȻøϿȥֹҪϿ븮ҪϿ뿪⾩ǡ
ĳ֣ᷢʱǱˣԻĺܲҡ

뵽ޤְԼ
ΪҼҵҲǲˡ
Զǣ֮⣬Ҫ֪Ǳ֪ͱһˡ

û뵽ޤҲһջԸἺΪˡ
ҲǶԵĵľ֮ˡ

߽ʱַһء
ͷĹĵˣôˣ

¾ҡҡͷʾ¡
ʵԺһֱڻŷȥʱ˵Ļ
˵ˣޤ

ޤ

ֺܶ죬¾ȴһʱ벻
ܾƺ

¾ü룬򶼳ǵѡ

򶼳ǡ
أ

ͻȻɫһˡ
ǵãݽ߹˵򶼳ǣһ˵򶼣

һʦޤ

ԣޤ

¾̧Ȼˣ˵Ļģ

뵽¾ɫͻȻü
æ죬·ˡ

ɫȼûҶʣæܡ

ֻޤѳ

˵Ļ¾ûж룬ԸԸ˱Ҫ

¾ΪǸͷʱѩӦû߶Զ˳ȥʱ·׷ϣӦܸϡ

¾֮ԻҪҵˣΪ룬ģҩȻƵģһнҩ
Ǽ٣Ҫҵ

¾û뵽һ·׷ϣ׷ˣûٿͷ
뾩ˣȥջסˣ

ɫأϵĽˣǻظɡ
ͷ·ܿ죬;׷ϣҴʱѩԽԽ󣬽Щġ

¾ɫЩƣ룬ԣ˵ͷذɡ

æԸͷظ

¾ϣ΢ۡ
ʵݽ˵ЩҲһֱĴΡ
⼸ûκϢҲûзϣֻΪʱ仹ֻ̣Ϊӵ⡣
û뵽Ȼ˴¡

֪ΪʲôҪôΪ

¾̾ȴϿ
Ȼû׷ޤֻȻظȻԼȥޤˡ
֮˳

ѩԽԽ·Ѿ˱һջͣˣѩ̫ˣֻȥջѩͣ˺ߡ

ԣ¾̧ۣƿƣѩۣѩ裬

״¾˵ͷ

·ͣ

ڲͣȺ󣬽ɡˣ

¾ȥ

ʱڽǳûκβ֮ʱĺ棬һʧͻȻһֵ񱼶ٶѸֱͣײĺڣһҵĶŵ¾ҲͻȻɱ

æסҲ͵ײڵϡ

ֱǰȥ

ڽûдʹлعʱĶͻȻ˲ҵűﵹص
æȥԶᷭڵϡ

ڱʱ㱻ѩ¡

һĻɫһ𣬾Ŵ󺰣ˣ
˲ϱģæǰȥ

ڵ¾ͷײϳϵһ̣ȴȻʲô
һĻʶ

Ժڻĸֺ¾ûʶ˯˹ȥ



һܳ¾ȴһΡ
һȴġΡ

ԭľֹһΡ
һ꣬뾩

ȥ򱱵սĽʿҲտ

ܾھڷıܣײ˿Ĵ
Ȼڵ¾һ˺ѵͻȻ˦

ͷ

Ȼֻſڵ̧һۡ
ǰһƬѹѹȺӵƺƺƵ

¾ȴֻǵã̧ʱֻһ֮ϣҫۣƮƮش˪С
ĺ󱳣ȴƸâҫ۵¾ò

ֻߡɵˡ



¾֪ǺʱģʱѩѾͣˣš

ۡ
һۣ㿴ڴ齱ϵˡ

ţȴ
۵һ˲䣬͵̧ͷ

ò۵һ̣¾ǰͻȻٻֳһգ̧˲䣬Ǹϵꡣ

һҫۡ

ûп֮ǰ¾԰һΡ

ԣ˼ɬض˶˳ĻʣʲôΣ

¾ЦЦЦ۵׾ỨȴƮԶμˡʮ㡣

ԭǣѼ

꣩  

صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ