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ɰŴۻˣַǮӣѼ˰Ѿͷ̰
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ȻҲֹӺ࣬ʳҷţҴܣΰʺڵÿԭѼɢСĻȵը.ַʵڿȥָǴﵽʰһ飬۵ˡ
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ΪڳﶪǮѧˣר.ǰСӵĵط˸СȻǵһǮ˷ܵͨ졣
ͷɫİԪ󳮣ͷһʮʮ飬ɫ飬кɫġҼԲɣ£412ë
ɻڿ죬毺ϵ̨棬ÿ¿ʮ鹤ʣڻѹǮƽʱҲֽɶŮãԴÿǧѿ顣
1990ǧѿɲСĿ.Ҳ׵ԪϧŴͿˡǰԼԺӣֻҪŰǮѼϣ͵ֲˡϸ룬ѼСѧҵû飬ϱͯģѹ˼ǮҲûðɶôǮĶȥˣ
ϱӣǸδ֮ա
ַǣⱲӻѪ룡
ǣԤģ˵ְˣԸ깤ʵʱŴըˡ޵ض㣬ǧ
ַɲǵܲϱˣԸİøóԳԣ˯˯ڻǳ׾ѵʱ
̫ȻǸţ̣пⶼٳѼæӣ뱣ķģڵĵ֮Ǯ
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412޿µأַӽˡ
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һСʱ󣬺ĴֵǶ򣬶ĸҡ
ҿû緹²
컨ϸģ衱ûæקקܵܡ
ˣҵЬ
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ȴֵã·һһߵġ
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ѼƲƲ죬͵컨һۣƺ뵽ĳµĵͷã
ĿУ컨һҲÿ
飬ֱѡ
⵹ַˣ컨Դû·һʮ챣ͬһͣܺÿĶȥߣ򷢿
컨һ²ŷӦǡǴСŮ𣿺ƯҮ͵͵ΣҲԼͷģ
ԣ̰ĵûоܾţССģʱһΣһΡ
СѾͷϲЩݲݣһԷۺɫСĢַصȥ¶ĶͷƯ
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裬Ҳ·ȡ
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С˾һۣ·ҪûǾҪؼҿԶԶȥ￩ǰδеĵһδɹʶһһקסַֻΣ裬ȥնȣ
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ΪΪʲôΪ椲𣿡
ַͷһѽ§ÿһΣ󱳡Ѿͷֵúܣ߼һߣÿҼ綼ʱ䰲
ʱҲ⡣ˣַ۾㲻ĺӣ費뿪㣬ֻҪȥû취ȥҵͻؼң֪ĶԲԣ
椵ͷ
λؼңֺѼͺ컨ûаְ̲֡ǲҪ㣬Ҫȥеһĸ׵Ρ椰̺꣬ܿģҲҸ
ǸǿĺӣѾʣµʹֻܽʱ䡣ַѱҲ˲չ˱˵ĺˡ
ԼСݣҵģҪϴɾ˭֪ȴھ̸ǵʱһС
ոµİԪ󳮡
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ߣлͶ~ŷֱгˣϺ޸һ

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ַպöҪߡ
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˵ӣСͲ󣬶ϰȴ١
Ѽϲǲΰ롣ϲؼңȥҳˣ̫ˣⲻǲ׼ģû̺úơ
Ѽû˵𣿡
鲻Ը֣ټС۾Ƴ裬עץһѡ̵̽ģԼһǮģԵ׬Խ׬Խ࣬ȥ̿׬ô֪࣬أ
ַԼĥڴָװ޶̷ۣܵûؼҳ԰ɡ
ִӷɿĹóСԪͽģԺǵҪŶɾ͸ûһ˿һ
ôôƽ⣬ݴ󷽵ĺӣ˱ˣޱ޵ӡ
ߵſڣͻȻ׷ܻܵȥҪ̵ĻŶ̺࣬ǺҸ
ַͷһ𣬲֪ʱ⺢ǳ׵׸һ˰ûûĺӲ֪ҪԶٿܳһϣԼ衣
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ַһ㶡ĴǮޣһ꿪ʼģÿѹ㻨ë鵽ʮ֪꣬ж٣ÿβõʱ򶼻ǳСġСѾͷ˵ȴ浽ǧ飬밢ȥΡ
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005

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СһҶСΧźöүү尢ʶ컨ǵСϣȥֻܽĿͶˡ
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壬Сɣȥ׽̫˲ԡʦ˵̣Ӧû˵ɣ
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ϰֻһĿüͷšΪ˷֦װˣֻʣһѩ׵ĳ¡ͱᡣ
ַЦˣϽתעסӶ䣬˵أû𣿡
ۣˡѼüʵǷ裬ֲǾ죬ܵءҪǿ֪ô˱š䣬ûӰ

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006

Ϊɶҹﲻ𣿡
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ʵʲôС˵ڶһۣߵмǮͿɾɣԺϰ࿴ʲô졣
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ַһ㶣ͷʮˣСŶģ1980ͼСϤҾͼʶ϶򵥡
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007

ΪԲ緹ܲü緹⣬ڶһ磬ַָųһܡ
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˵ˣԲôԷϣʦԺôϸпѧ
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008

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˵ģõֽôŻҪ㱨Ǵ峤ô
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һµĳϦദСҲԸ̸ˡȻʱ˵ĻַһѪⲻƩ䣺裬Ϊʲôô˱ǣҽҲǣ᲻һҲҲʦ˵ģʶ˸ǲԣ˾ͻᱻ
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٣˶ܵġȴû뵽ԼҲбյһ졣Ѽĵǲ޵ϱֶŮβҵһӣǱߵġ
һ꣬С17꣬ϸһ˵ɼغãԺϴѧȴһƽƽʧ˺ǼôźƼģҲôС
ǡӦˬҲ¶ģһһǿŮʧ


009

ԴαӷźƼ˵ַҲûлӴźƼÿθߵβӾضĹߵӡ
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ϰ岻ÿɷСϰ褵ĳ࣬ƫҪعϽϳջȥףȻͷʣ㿪𣿡
Сŵһ⡱ͨӾڿͷӣĻв׵ģϽٶȴ£ַĲڴϰᡣ
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绰һλ˽ӵģʮꡣ
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μҸĸɲݶڸɲҲе͵˼ҡˣ˾ҲûҵŮ
ַĵɲϷģȴϴɽҲĹˡźƼסǵõ绰룬һҲˡ
ֹͷַǣͷ˿ڷֲǴβҵλãŴ˿ҪźƼѾһﻹһʱֲǰǣԲ
뿪ңϳվСƷг˫Ӻͺ޿㣬ΧñǳﺢӲõģ˵Ǹ衣
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ϽֶֻһˣĪǲŵƹ󶵶һŮᣬ湻˵ġ
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Сգϰûι

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äɽŮһֻǸͨѧҲӲߣΨбִܾμҼθڵ绰Ѿܡǫ顱˵ˣа취ƼƼ
ҲҸۡ
ؽԽԽ˼ɱƽÿһͷڷַҲʼæýŲմأżҰæҴӡ
յһֺòˣܶ˼ҶȥæĿҲᱻȥɱڰԼû룬Ҳȥ
ȥôȥַʹɫСͷһ¾ͳˡ
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ȻַµԴ£ӹز١ϱ˼ҳԷһǰ˱ûԹĶªϰŸŶŶ˵ͬСĻæвˣżæҲײ˼߳ȥȫ޲ڡ
ΪĸףӱԸ仹гɾ͸С
Ϊ˽ǣַس·ꡣ
˷ܵСͨ죬ҪʺƨȻ峤ˡʵԱŶȥϻظ绰
ַһ㶣˭
˵ǰ˼ҡ
ߣСգϰҲ֪ǵڼ͵ֽι

011

ǲȥϰأ
ǾȥɡүҲϱÿʮ飬ɱڼǿˡ
ַμ±䣬Ҳûϣȥʵɶҹﲻסǧ谭˰ҪƼƼô죿СƼƼΡΡĴӣϣǻ֮ȥ
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һףµģԽԽӰˣ̳иȱĹٴͳ޵ĺƮǰء
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012

ڶһ磬ַǮţٿǮһǧ׻Ҳȷܲȫȥ꣬Ҳ
ô׸ƵĳֳԲˣáŴһ˼ܼǡСôĶǶ᲻óԣĹ
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ĿҪûģŴա
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ҿ˿ףɫãȶɢһȻ㣬Լõģëһûþ͸ϷָɾС̫̫ŷʱض㣬ڹǰôҲð
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̫̫˵Сַϴ򵽣ִԶⲻһ̬
ë˰ɣжҪ١ֹԸԣСҲӡ
ؼ·һַ֣ëŵĽۣëȥٽ׬72顣ͼĹ൱ڵķ£
˵Ǽٵģַɫͨ죬ֽ΢ǰֻ˵Ǯȴ֪ô࣡Ǯ⼸ëֵĿܶǮٳɶ࣬ۼ˵ܰͷء
ǵģҡ
Դĥͷ¡ΪԶĴˣζŸǮᣬҪΪ顣
СѧʮѧֻʦȫǴεģһײһӣûκνѧԡ컨ܴ椻ǿԺ󲻳Ļһϴѧ
ѼҲڴķȥ
뷨õģɳ﷿ӶҪûǮ붼롣
Ķ־£ֶ࣬šһһ롱Ľ࣬ǰһ죬׬˰˰ٶ࣬ﻹʮס
ź̽˶ǮһʾǡʮǮʾЦЦǣֱࡣ
ǶϱǮүӻҪأ
ҲӣкӳԵľһڡŴֵ˦ƹ񣬴һŴ۶

۲СǰͷǼʮƽŵ꣬ȻİڷȫصľƷͣǽһ͹ޣÿһźֽֱǡ͢š͢š͢šһͷˮ
мǲġ͡͡Ǵְ֪ҲҲһǽǸۣšͨۡ׼ۡȷۡӣ˵Ҳжʮ֡
мϷŵ޴ľͰĸСַһȦͷֳɰ˸Сһۿȥȫǰ׻ĴףɶһгжԲɫг»ƻ͸ϸϸһȻҲǶʮֲͬס
ûǰʮ׳ӡʮʮһһһŮֱͷݻҪʮǸҪһ٣ò֡
֪ĻΪʮƱӦ֪޲զ࣬յĿǻʵĴƱӣ
вĲֿʮŹ̵㣬ɵȻ졣뵽Ĵţһʹ
õ
ϰ˵Ļɶʱ
ҿԾϰɫ
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ŵ¸Сո˵һ䣬룬ֲһ䣺ոߣס
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Сշ޷޲ƽİǣҪϰڻ֪Ķͷأ˲ϰλ費
˿ֿⶫǣһƬذǽݶȫǺڵġ
øϲȻ֪յʲôʱ򡣡
ĺƤЬʣĻҽ
СռԤ˵Ҫѩʱ˰ѶῪˡϵʯиССȱڣѩ˻ˮ
ƽʱΪ˱ֲֿ͸ԣܶϵȻǡ
ҪûĻüֵĶ˵ҲСʮʧңͲֿɻľҪˣͷϰûŶӣΧǾֱ
Сĵĺû͸
شȫ¹ʣĸǳԲ˶ߵġǲϰ¯ҪŪϰ尡
ôģ
˵С飬Ҫܾ֣ý軨׷𡣡
üϲ˵򲻵ԺвɵðһӰǰתʵɤ
㣿
ʲôСͷˮƳϰԼϵߣϽʮһ֡
˵ͷųԿǰߡ
СոϽƨƨ׷ϣи󵨵뷨ĪϰҪȥѵŵģǸãߣߣӣŵĴʺա
ŵ¸Ǹӣڴ͵˺ޣϰ忴Ƥе㹦򣬲Žҵ˭֪ܼ꿴ϰս𶷺ۣȻǽǵ¶
˲㣬ϰ÷ҧÿ֨졣
ȻһСʱ󣬿ԽԽƫ·ߣĵĪϰͷŵ¸ĶˣæСѣϡϰ壬·ǲ
Ƴһۣͣ³ӣ򿪳ţߣ
Сձһ񣬵ϻ˲㱡ѩɽ²ŷӦض


013

ڰǰԼõĽ׵صȴûλֽ㡣ϰҪףǱ߱ҵͷ£Ҫɽˡ
ĥʱϰɫƺеźֻǲ֪Ƕ˻Ƕף
˴֣м²֪òøϰ˵
ʯʡ߷λϣһѩɽ򷴳Ѿһ˰¡ѩûؾͻˣͷΪƸߺѩܻ𱡱һ㣬ȥ֨졣
СǱˣϼұѩϰˣϰȴʯʡˣʮѹûѩִĺƤЬⲻţϰҲţѩء
һСʱʮӣǲǱڡ
˵ҪַŮ˶̽Դ޲ýǰǹ˴
ϡϰ壬֣
û˵ٶȴˡ
¶ʮˣҼһɨԺɱĶʮ㳦Ժǽǣſھ˶࿴ۣΨּſڿȥͺͺġ
˸죬Ժﰲ
СոҪˣȻ֪զһ䡰Ѽ衱ҵֽ㣬ʲô費ġ
ǹ
ܿ죬ܳ˾ޣŨüۣ壿תͷɤӺ裬
Сգʲô
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ϰ壬Сգݡſڳ󻨰ӵŮˣͷһ߸ͷɫ͸졣
Сտ䣬ݷ˻٣˸ղŵкһŮͷ׵ˣΧһȵġ
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Ȼϰ岻ֹûܾСӽݻȥˡ
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С˵Ļᣬֿʼ˵Իܸë岻ܵĻȫ㡣
ַһѪԼͷëȻֻҪë塭סȥϿ˳Ҩһư
СĻ˼ףֻһͷֽȻˡѹֵʱСӡᱻϰЦ֪ⲻ಻

Ŵ̨£ŴƫҪ̨ףҾ㰡׸Ͻʡ£濴ģɽҲ֪ʲôĵҶҪǽ
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Сգλֽ湻׵ġ

Ѽѿӵݸ塱Ҳȥվſѷ硣
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ϰͷȻأҲ֪ô£Ӽһ棬һֱʡôΣҲûˡ
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СѧǼʦԸһ֪˵ΪάʦľȨȻֻܰϡϰ岻֪˺֪
밡ʡ費˵Ը֪˻ϡһǳмַǳģ
ϰͷһֹ̧סĺ׳ĸ׵ǶԵġ.ɵ֪ʶ˵ŶԣȻҲʺİ๡
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Ҫʮֱ꣬˵ɰ꣬ëûΪ˵ġ

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014

ֹѼϲ壬컨ҲգۣΧߣһˮһ衣
ַһԹǣԼͷδǣǵתͷ͡峤̡ڡһοʵµľûи׵ǣ᲻Ըȱݣ֪ôӴ
ڿⵣȫǶġ
ǲڿαϣ
ţһͷˮӵԻ·ܾŹֵֹġ
컨ԴֺĴ۾ҺĶ壬Ǻˡ
͡С̲סˣϰкܶݣѧˣŮıΨһα˳ˡ
ҲƣСѾͷĪ죬ѼĲһһҲַǳְ֣
Ѽ嵱ȻǺˣֲк˶Ҫϡ
컨˼ҺĶѽ
ҶֻӻŴԵ⣺ûѾͷı£ֹֹϰ׽Ժ˺ôġ
Сս첻֪ǵڼξ°ˣɷƵϰ壬ȻС÷溬ŶԣǺɫ
ѩԽԽ󣬵ĵѾһ㣬ַҳûõѥϽŲŷ˸æӣѷ۵ԲĽֺһϴ
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ϧŮٶҲܼһֻؼң෢˷һĻë᲻ãһظ衭ã治档
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ַĵȥˣͷѩأװعţƤϸѩī̵ҶѹСҲѩָһһڡժ
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˵ɱ˼Ҷ࣬˵⡣ַгɱƬ¹ͷµײСʲôģܳԡ
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ԵԵպϣѼʢһպԽԺ϶ţ
˶ˣػ˵šⲻ..˵ȻСյɫһ˲ͱˣŵĿϰ塣
ʮŮģɲ˵ǰᵱŽҸĸǴһҲ
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컨ܻܵطȥתͷЦдЩŻͷ·ء
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ɾÿҲʱӣӽѧѣѼǰδһĲǡ
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ͷС¯ϡַͨһ˸ˬ죬ᣬҲ֪Ŵ˭
۾ûףԸɶɫ
Ժ˭ҪᣬҲ


015

Ļһɶ40%45%50%ϲˣĿԽԽˡ
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ǰҲϲˡ̾˫ֽ棬ԺֶŮװ.ۣһ˫۾ͷС˹
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С֪ϰۣᣬֻתƻ⣺ֽҲͦġ
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ѩ£ͻȻĹ˺ҹĻļžŮ˾Ŀһ𣬴˶


016

һ¥ģǽ顣
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һ뵽ԼĲ²⣬ֻƼƼͶĺӳ⣬˫ȷ·ǦƵĳء
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鲻˵ø죬ֱߵǰ档

ûãѼҲˡһҹ˯սսһξûˡ
Ȼһߣ費ˡĹԽԽ֣۾ĿССԴҲ벻̫£ֻʶΪǸйء
ϾԸģֻ衣
ȥƿүү̵ķš
ү̣ȥ衣
Ŵʵˣùܱ£ɿ..ͺͺվſڣһİΰĽСȥɱ𶳸ð
Ѽɫɣ
ǻǲѼݺݶţҪ۸˿˭ԣ㿴ˣ꣬ûϹ⣨ʳˮƽǰϵĵ¡
үɫΣӣ㿴ȥҪ۸˻ˣ˾͵ûǮ
Ѽүү̵Ĳﵽǰδеĸ߷壬Ťͷȥڽн㡣ߣǲǰú컨֪ȥ峤үүҾȱ
ȥ룬峤϶鷳Ѽһ
ȻŮﱲһҲûУȫȻ򣬿ֻиѼүүһͬģѼһΨһޣƽʱǳϲ
ַŽϰ壬ܺڵϹֻйжϣĴƺǼҳ㷹ҴŻǱ߿ġ
ϴ϶һҲûУֻŸֵͲվſڣɶޣ¶ҪҶ𣿡
˺źź򲻾ˣ顭͸.
ƼƼĿûˣֻʣССҲſڿޣֻҲһеССèƵġ
Ǹɶأ֪ĻΪǶŻŶɱϱأԸҪɱַһһ߳ݡ
ֵͲһգֻڱĵذĨᣬڴϺ˯Ŵ̱ǵľƾζ
źƼأ
ָָ£Ƕװء
ַ಻ס񣬺ݺݵһۣ壺ƼƼ£ңɣĶ
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ޣ˭أһȫˤ˵ͲһȥҪַŤһ
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ھһ׬ͨӼģ㶣֣Ҽ£˲ùܵġ
ǡڴʱСҲѭϵˣֱӵϣСѴַ̧ҪźƼƼƼġ
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ŵ̱֫ǿǽվסƼƼҡ
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ҲŵòҶָŵϵĶϱһ
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ʱӦҪˣҪȥڴš
ʲôʱˣˣ˺Ӷûˣ˵ũνġšܰżƨò
ҽԺ
˵һͬ⣬ԭҶ֪һҪˣʧɴȥһǧľ޿ء
ַﰵЦһҪǳôҪ֤ġ
ԥˡ˵ɳµͷ࣬Ƣ󣬲飬˵֤ţ˵ˣĸ¶ֳȥ
Ÿǵõ˲ŸҽԺǰɣһ߿峤ˡ
ַɿΪģΪġλҲñ֤
Ų鲻ԸȥƼƼһ첲ʹáһŶһţѪ
ѩɽ²µȥ˵ȥҲûСʱסôʱĵ
ȫû˵һ仰Ľ飬ʱȻȥտˮ̧ϡ
ĻַҵĹǣڳ꣬ûӴӰѩڿҽؼҲûƵ¶
ŴҲϵˣôѪǰֱʮġ
ȥˮˣȰ޼ӴǼȥѪȣһҪиôһӵӰַ㣬ֻҪó¹ǻ˵ͺñˡ
һҪӺúõİסСİ
ַۣٶ໰ʬɡ
һ㶣û뵽ƽʱ˭ЦдкСϱȻڳ࣬׷׿Ŵ
Ŵĸ˵һûˣɣһ٣ֲܴ򣬲ǸæޣѼͺ컨ؼˡ
⹤СѾƼƼ̧ϴҲ֪Ķ̿𣬷ڴߣŴ򿪡
һ¡鰲ַõͷ
ܿˣѪ̫࣬ǲͷȳ
װ˦һߣҵĦַָϴְæ˼ָ治˵ҡ
˰ʮ£æĦϹѨ
סüͷźƼƱĴָʳָ֮Ȼһ£
סַѪָǶ
£ǽš
ַɿеĦ£ָֻͲѣҲ֪ʲôʱѾûˡ
ΪһݰͰɫСˡ
ߣģĴӿ϶Ҫߵ~

017

ȻĽȴû˸ˡ
ڴ˫..һۣû⣬ޡһھˡ
ַָ̣þƾʹѹӣô˾̡̥ǳѪۿɼˣ¡Ǻû
ŮֻнƴСϣССı۾һַڵϿѧںƨϴ£û
ëСèƵĶȥǺͺ󱳰ĦģͣӿǻͳЩŨİҺ壬ŵƨɡ
ȻҲû
ߵźƼ̧ͷһĬĬ᣺ллǣͲóҲá
òĸ׻ӭĺӣҲ
ǿ.ŻУĸŮ˻ڴ
ַ֪˵ʯĳ
벻ס֣𿴣ɽڲûա
źƼЦһ˯Ƶǲˣǰɣ
ɵַûˣСսƵİţæСְֺ㣬ڵ绰Ϳˣֻʱµˡ
źƼɫһ⣬·һ˿Ҳûˣתͷɫǽ棬ָһһ£ǽƤ
·ڿ⡣
úϢɡַҴñǣ׼ȥǼԼҪȥǿСŮûüһڿû磬͡
ָ׽Ѫӣסûȥƴ
һҪӦһ¡
ϽͷͼźƼĵ۾·𲻻գƵģＷ߸֣Ժ󣬶ޡ
ַʶͷⲻ˵ƽʱѼ棬Ҳ˴СȺ塣ɶóԵģֻҪһˮ׵õָ
Щɱдѧ裬۰⹫ţӵͨСñ椻ף硣
ȵȣ
˵ʲôأַľɵŮҪ
ƼƼһ㣬ΪǣֵĶ䣬ҧгݡ
ȻԷѾ۾֪Ƿ
ۼַٲؼϢ£粽ڴǰûע⵽Сϣһʿװһ˫ֱ׾ָëСèؿᰴѹ˻ֶСӤ촵
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˲˵ְִҪȣҪ۲СؿںСͣܿ죬󱳾ͱˮʪˡ
С̾ԴСȻ߶ϰͿʼأ˵θã˻˻ȣʵֶŮʮһԺӵĿϲ˶֪
ȴ·ûԺǲѧļ֪ʶ֪ӤöǾͼΪ˵֮һɡרҲۼķθܾˣϣܹá
ȻۡһСèУҹļž
ַûע⣬ΪǴҰè
һС˺ü󺰣˻裬·
СܽɫǺ죬ֽ˸ȥС޻أ
ַһ㶣ϵƼƼȷӦ´

Сèˣ޳ֱȺĻһɫת죬̡˼̡
Һ޲ûȸԾֻڸ˼䣬·ûǻ޹ءΪ˲ţԸѾˡ
ʹ๴ĶǶթȻų䡣
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˯ĸ׻ׯָֻյҼһٴν硣ſվ˻˵̻ңѩͣˡ
СչǷ죬ϰ˵ɶ
ûƤЬϵѩѾòˣ͵ʱ裬ϣĸŮܰ
ǵǮ
ĸǣ
ָָѼҵķëëŲ£˵档
Сһ˲䷴Ӧֳסֽ㵹ǿϲÿǮҲܶ¶ǵͣƫֻֽܸ
֨֨ĽŲԽԽСջͷֽȥͷ䡣
ַûտֱӶһ˵ϰ壬æҹҽԺɣɽҸǻűС˵ǳͣɽš
۲ѪѾȻֹסˣҽԺ
½ϰЦҸ˵ʵԭƼƼģѾˣû˹ǡ㣬
ȻҲϵ÷Ķ䱻һ
ǣܿģַԺ´裬ùӡ顱ãһһ󺰣ˣ
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źƼҪˣѪˣ
Ӳ̣Ҳˣ
һһµ֪ǲҲе㺦£ַһһѪˮŮȫŵôҴ
ѻû˯ȺĴ峤ҲһżôѪǳ⣺ŸҽԺƽʱֻ۱ֻҲͰˣҪˣǹģ峤õˡ
Ҽ㿴ңҿ㣬ǲ
ֳô࣡ӴжѪסôʡѽҲˣ˭ҵ˭ҽԺȥַɫ԰ף˵žҪܡ
ӻǵһתסӴϱɲУףͷ͵·ҪˣΡ
ѾƶźƼɡ
вУҿɲǼҳ˲¹ͷɱ˶ϱңûŶ־һӣˬ
ӱҲ˲ˣֻһ᣺Ҳǵôôģҿɶ˰ǲͣѼ費æƼԺȥ˵ص£ɱҴˡ
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۰ԵĴֻд峤֪Ѽҵġ͡ǶлϰˡǼϽģø¨洲
ָţҺܿ˾ְѡʡ¡źƼŽ¨ɽϰԱɽ
컹ûɽ·;Щ˴¨ˤֻн飬ȫ̽סӣʱƿһ쿴ַָһۡ
˴˶֪ĸŮɽ;Բٻ
Ȼɽ£ַֽⷢӣѸѪͷҽҩѣӼһϼƣ˶˻ɶǮ
Ⱦܡ
ǣĳĸŮǰҽԺ
ǵһߣɵɣֻȰ͵ȫĵطϵμ˵


018

صңڰ޵ļ˻û𴲡ַ˯ţԺɨɾʣ׷̲࣬˺룬һ
طԼϾȻޣѼ˯棬Ѿ´ˡ컨˯棬мƯС
ϽѼǱ߻أ˯ȥ
ѼŲŲȻۣ
Ǹ˵̬ȣҲС
Ѽ۾ԴܾȻ𣿡
֪ûǮҽҩѣŴȻˡ
ѼͷɥСƵĳ̾һǮӺûǮѡ
ַ͡ͷ࣬İɡֻ첻ϣû˵滰˾Ϳ򣬲ϰҲͰ
ѽ֪֪Ҫȥ㷳Ѽ˫סС..ƨɣŤˡ
ַϽȥ֪Ǻ¶ܶʮͷ޻˯ߵĶ򼱾ĶҲûˡ
ûһ컨Ҳˣ֪ҽԺˣɿǽأҼ𣿡
ַҲò׼ɡ
컨ʧ䣬ʮʧ䣬ǳʧ䣬ʧ䵽ⶼֻ˰飬ʱʱܴ¿ַҲ˵ͨϰΪͶԵ
Ѷ·СҲ
֪͸ճñҽԺˣȦ˵صͷ֪Щʲôַֻܱһ滰¶
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ģɣԹ⡣ɩȻڴҫɸϳɾַЩһȦؼС⣬ˡǼƿȥǼҿû
Ȼַ׼޲ڵʱ˵ġɩޣַҲۣɼʹᣬҲⱦӡⲻһСʱȲҪȥˣҪ֪ǸҰ޴ɽƽϰͳ塣
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裬㲻ѼܽСͨ졣
û㣬ѼвȻȴһĻҲû
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ȵȣ
ѼԸ˵ҲԸٳȥ棬æ컨ϴ컨СƲˣԻˡ
ɽѼҴġַүӰιëѼгС飬ȥѪˮĭУƬ¯С
׻˵Ӿģض
ַͷȻѼŸϸϸСĴֵָĶһġƤһȻǸ̡
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㣬ô˵ģͷļҶϱá
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ַûô֪ĺӣضϣ׼ТģлչѼôꡣ
۾ѼܼǮˣѽһ˱˵һô͡쵽һ룬Ȼٿջغɫڨڨ
ڰǲ컨ҸѧҲøŶЦ崺磬߻ǳǳУƯˡ
ȴ׹ߡʮëʮʮǳһٲϳһ£򶹸߰ʮԶУ
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̫ţʮ鱻ûˣӲӽ
ȥӶôˣҪҪͷ
ûһַûˣʮĺۡʵҲʮɶҲڳʮϴүСķأɡס˯ɡ
һҹ˯̤ʵصĽϰҲû˯á
ô
Сմ֣ѾΣˣӡеأǲ̫á
鿿ϣϰóСӣĦǣ·Ҳͨ
أ˵ǰͷˮܱˣޡӶһСʱˣƼƼĸŮѾ͵ҽԺ
ĿһȻ򿪳ţ̤ҽԺȥ
ҽԺҲûƣֻиƣڴϵˮͷȡյſھͱʿ£Բͬ־ܽȥ
Ųֵ޽ɶŮޣȥ㿴
˶٣лл
СŵôҴСզ˵ģĺĺ᲻˵
ϰ壬ƼƼˣ˵˵仰Ͻϡ
ллĸŮȵģţҲҪ
鲻ÿɷ񣬡š
ܲܰҴ绰
Сѿڶŵʱֽ㽻ˣ˵ѵʡǣѩٷ·Ѿת𳵣Ӧúܿܵ
ллǸˣôΨһһˣֻҪҡܻŻȥһᱨƼƼĨĨᣬж˵һ
ζļˣҪǰˡȴ̤ʵĸǵϲĴ󷿼仹𣿼ôԴڳϵĺӣ
ߣϺм£ûü£ԺᲹϵĹ~

019

һĴڱͷȴǱѡ
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ӡءŷӦ˵æͷ
˵޼Ҳиǰɣȥĵİ޴ȥϴһȥǸɽǵ𣿡
գգۣӦ
ַ̾ûʱпһһ佻飬غú󣬶Բϰţ˭ȥǶ֪ܳ
Ѽͷ˫˷ܵð⣬İƶǶĻ´޿ܣٳǰַָлһþãɱ𶳻ˡ
СӶԴ·úܣڵϹҲҴַģɻᴲϡ׼ûμˣͼʱȥǽӻҪǡǺǣһʲôġ
ԸϰΪŵùԸ¿쵶ն飬Ըûˡ
ȻʮӺ󣬹͵ԽԽȫĹдڱѣ֡
صصءٶ߿էȻ
ַһϲæȥÿŵţԹ֪ļɱǧģŪɶһҲ˰
飬ΪǺɳӰ˵¶ڵãڼҴţͷӿȥ
ַվŸǰ֪ʮˣﵹɿƼƼŮӦѾһȫĵطʣΨһһģޡ
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СҪҼ˯ҹ˯أſϺϣ紵ȥɱ𶳸ðˡ
Ŵһξţϱеĵģúúãú˯
˱ͲܣƫҪͬһңεġַǶ꣬Ȼڴӵ˵䣬Ҫֱһ£һˡش
˵
ǣǵʯ䣬ׯ˵ߺŮóͷС
˷·þѵġսʿһ롰ս״̬ŴҲһߣñⵣȥ
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Ÿɶˣ϶źƼҽԺ˷ˣɲǰ˴ߣȢϱ಻ףҵĸܶһϡ
ַһμʶˡʶ塱ȴ˵ķ̡յ÷ǲҲ㡰ʶ塱
ŵ˵ģڹϣȫ˶Ǽȵߡ
ڵ⣬ַ޺޵һӵ¶ҿɲҹܣû𣬻ҽҩͷϡ
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ڣʤĹʵѾԷȡˣһͷѪϳ塭ҶϼҴڵģǰġ.򡱻Ŀи˾ΪϼʱƦֱץȥڻûųء
һȰŴΪ׵ļ˶ùģߵβȷǲǱˡ
ɱǧģƨ°ǶΨһĶӰƴˣһͷŭȥøŵľײһ
Сû¶ѪΪǱ.Ϯ.ģʶȥǹΧۼĴ񾪺ǹ
ʶҲеĲųͷǰһ·ͰԵĻвǻԭ
Ȼһѻڵȵȣ𶯣ƼƼĸףҲźƼİְ֣һȰ
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ұֻ֤ҪҹŮúõģԲ׷ҵΣֻҪˡ
ʲô֤һŤͷֱأٶҲûӰδ˵꣬ͼˡͨһȥ
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ţֻؿˣǾ͵ҺϰôһŮϰ߰ɡ˵žҪͷ
߸ˣһһͷ.쵼Ҳŵò˵
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һȻȼҹŮǸԶԶĿһ۾С
ַվסȺһ䣬ٿɫĪûϰϣ治֪ƼƼѾڴˡ
Ҳ뵽磬һʼΪǱҽԺģڿֲǡҪ˵˲ڣӵǻɶ˼ɵģҪ˵ڣֽˣ֪ǺãȻֵַ۾һ
ƼƼƼƼĴѪҪҽԺæҶϱӲɽƼƼøġ
ַһ˲Ӭı飬ԽƾͼƣŤһ
˶֪ʵַȵƼƼȴӵһңﲻݡ峤ëǻӣʱһǼ˱ݣҲ¼ӣΡΡָˣǻ
Է϶˵꣬Ҳ
ǣЭһ¶ͷˡȫģɶԶƽؾͿߵĳû˽úõ߲嵶ַңè˼ҸǰѸٶһ仰ƼƼͺҽԺϰ飬֪Ķ
۾һַ
ַѣָָβԶһźɽ

ǣһǹ죬簲ˡ
Ӷ£˫ֱͷиҲ׵ģȥһţ˫һŤϣĻһʼĺͷϸ꣬
һһһѣܣ״أϮ.óһ
۵áӴֱУ֪˵ֻӦ۵ĵһ
ߣƪļƻ༭vϣСǼ֧֣ôô~Ϊ˲ôץӸΣʮַʸŶʱкϣɢ~ôô~
ӵġɺ꾫׹ŮԤ~
룬װ֣Ŵ
Ϊ鱻ǽ꾫.Ρȫ嶼ڰʱвͬ˺ëҰȥʶǵϺ
Ȼûа԰ԣҸѽԳԡʱָ˺ܶӣ׵һҧСӵĳ䡣
Скܶʺš

020

˶֪ǰͷϸľ, ôͻȻ̬֮һٰʮȴת䡣
֪ܶ, ٶ³һⲻ, ڻأȻۼ, ԶӰѽһڡ
ͷһ286, ȥͯŮ, ó׳ֻ68, һֱݷڰľ졭˵Ҳаţؼǻ֪ɶʱģ˶, Ķ
ӣ类͸ˡ
һ, ˼Ҳֹ, ûɶ, , ǹʵǰǵĺͷϸ꣬治, ǲִ
뵽磬˺󱳶һ亹²ѡ
ҺãҺá
ַҲеĶȺ￴ϷֵǼ˱ס, óʼǱ˭Ǵ峤
үӲΡΡ߳ȥ¸㲻ԸҲһ
£ֻҪϣܷܿǻؼҡ
ģֹ峤Ҳ
ᾯĽͣţҰǼϢǼǵַߣȥҺӵҲˣ˸䣬һ㶣üٿЦɫַһۡ
ַͷƤ飬ȥ˰ôûӣĪǱ˽ȵˣһֱעţ˶ڳûҶɽүӵΪ
¹ʲôԭ򣬷вõԤУӿˡ
ʾ⣬ǼǵСӲֵǼˣַǰѹɤ˵иѼСк˵˵ˣ˭ȥҲȥˣɶҲ˵ˣɶ˵Բ㣬ʲôʲô
ַͷЦϻϷЩ⣬ҲһѸٻش֪Ǹ˵ǿأһأ
飬̡
ܿ죬˻үӵͷһֱŵȭͷɿַҲ֪䶨ˡ
˵ǣȰѽµ˵ǼԺ֣Ҫôȡ־ץȥΣŻģҪֺþû¶Ҳ°ףԺӰ롣
˻ȸԾֻɥ
ΪˣҲû׼ֻ˵ϵ顣˶֪ǼˡҪôҲϣҪôб
ַŹŻصң컨ѼԱƵǰдҵѾ
ҹվȲˣŹǷط˯
Ѽ಻סĵļüɫôôְġӢ¼˵ˣַСظͦø߸ߵģ۽üҶźͺϱηηļұмֱˣʱò񻰡
úӣһ;
Ȼһ룬ջشĸġ
ǲ֪Ǿ̼Һأĸôýɽ˳ԣأһȻһıá
ַͲζˣ
СȥҼҺöӣѧУ׷Ҵ򣬺ߣƫҪ٣ԡ
ַ
Ĳӣ˧롣
¸ңޱߣܺ£һοţԺҳˣȥ￴
ַһѪͣͣͣ˵ˡϱǻϵôүôӡ
֪μĸƽ£һأҲ˼¶ǿǮҵˣ˯а˰ٶǮ˵಻࣬˵ٲ١
سǻûģûµСϾɵĲ¥ǮһײĲһǰ㡣뿴ƽֻسܱҲУס˽ԺӵķӣסܾŲڡ

³һ˳ţڼţһֱϣҲûõҪҪȥӡ
裬ȥżҲ
ַһ㶣˻ңϱѾʮûȥˡ
û¶ҰѹǮ㣬ȥǣȥ⹫ŰɡѼͦгӡ
ˣȥˣԺ˵
Ϊʲôѽֻһţ˶ߣҼû
ַȻӣһٿǮĸĸʵûʲôҪ֪28ꡰ䡱ʮ꣬ǾȻ۾Ͱˡǵøսһ꣬żίؼҿߣֹûõǵͬͰ̲ĸ
ԲĸĸĲȥ
ô꣬ͷ򹤣ûϼȥôҺòദôͷ壬Ҳûչ˹ػһ¡ַʯĳôţ
ȥżңѼ쳣٣ɾ˾ҰҲȥ𣿡
ʲô˾ˣ
Ѽٴ٣Ҳ̫ˣżҵľ˾˰۾Ǹ
ַ˵һĸͬ׵ܵܣִСʱѧϰɼͦŬСС;ͱۣĸΪ˹ѹַܾŵֶܵܵˣû
Ϊ˲еĻᣬֱѧؼҼˡ˵Ӳıˡ
ǣǼޡ
Ѽҧ촽ָϣ˾˸ǮԸү֪㶵±ûʲ
ַһ㶣ʲôʱ򣿡
ʱ㻹û
ִȻѧϰãԴľګСȷʵû۸ַ룺ȥɣ¶
õı֤ѼƨƨߴǮˡ
ôһͷ·һҹ֮䰲ƽʱ긾ŮϢģҲֲ١ַڴתһȦʵ벻ɶֻ̻ܻؼҡ
ûſڣԶԶһɤ˵ַ̾÷ֻˡ
ңص˫̥󱦡ȻⲻСǴ÷մմϲΪöֱֵ꣬Ƹ˶Ź󱦱ơƿϹ۾˿ȥ֮ķҶ첡ᡣ
ΪĸףѺӽ̳÷Ѵ̡
ӴɩЦɶأ
¡÷Цַ˸ζĹâ÷Ǽõɫ£ͷ˸ɫоףԵְ֣ڲ
ַһǳɫë£ɫȷӣŵɫĵƤ۰ף毺áΣǰ͹̣ûӵĴƵġ
÷ԼϹϺݺݵšѣϲǾͻס죿
ַӶģ۽ǶɨһۣԹԽݡ
㿴ɩʲô̬ȣҪһھߡ½ȥǻؼң˵žҪȥʰûȺİ
ŴæסСʡʡİɣڶøƵģ˭ҧ˭С˵ˣ¡
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û˵ɶ
˵ɶˣֱץߣԺܷܲų֪ءְѹ˵˵ˣͼӴױ˵Ļһʱ䵹ѹŮŮһԡ
ַǰóϴıʼǱǦͷддչС飬ֻ󹫼Ҳܳ£İٽɱһͷͷô˵ҲǧǮҪԼֵС鲻÷ƭȥǧҲ⡣
ʱƽԺӣˮѧҲ㡣
ûɶҪֻҪܰŸڷͳɣԸҵСҲҺڡ㲻ԺسǲǨռ˷ӣܹѰŵ񫡣
ַ˻õó֣Ҿһ.Ÿдѣû˲޵ġʱ棬СɶģҲǷݲ롣
ٲþȥ̳ڲҲ
ʵһûеơȵʮ㹻ǮĻȥϷװغ³Ŀʽг
;żʵҲûô⡣
Ȼ컨ܽ裬ܵܳˣ
ַֻˣüͷִˣ
컨⣬ֿСǡҲǡ
ô£
󱦸ˣڴڡ
ַշµ˫̥ϱѼѧ֮·Ϲû̺Ⱦƴ齫ܶŹҲȥ֡
ȥɣܵܡܱܵѹŴ򣬶Ѫˡ컨ԽԽСȺۣܵ÷ɿ졣
ַźӴûɶѼʮĸѹŴҲζȻҪûôôġ
ڣԭտĳѾΧһȦˡ
÷Ѽأ
ô˵Ҳֶӣµ֡
ַԴ䡱һ˵ʲôֻһ¡´Ѽ
ǿȺȻ̧һšɵµѼܱǿѪֱѼ
ַһɶأ˴СҪҪ
±⡰ǡŪùͷˣ㶵תͷСɩӰѼøѵ
ַ˲ϴѼϺûдĶ
Сӵͷ˵ȴ߬˿㶵
ַҲûע⣬ֻѪæݹֽѱѪɾϸ˿ûбףɿſ£÷浱ԸǸˣҶֵõѵ
ǣСɩӱʶôѼ磬ûȻֻ͸ѵѵ
ַȷǲԼҶǵ¶ˣѼô£
ѼĿһۣӣ۸ˡ
˵
Ѽ죬ͷأ·ʮǮƵġ
һ׷ַֹûƢ˸ۡԼûϢث֣ƽʱί޲ôµȫ綼֪ء
ǣ˺󣬶.ƽӣ˵˵òã
ѼȴǳͷвУ˶
ַ֪кֵֹģҲ׷ʡааɣֻҪûˣֻ۱ֻۣٴ򲻻װ
ѼףΪʲôŲɾıѪҪĨһǣ޲ƫҪɥһžүү̸״˵øҲ
ھһϺᣬĶˣһĸΡһ
ɶ˼ǿû׹øҲûҿѼôô࣡
Ŵ죬ֶҪ˵߷棬ͼӴһ˻ΪŮҪıҲءȻûã峤ΡΡˡ
һžָ÷޳ȥŮóȥˮҲûص˼ңֶӵļҲûŶ̧ͷԩ޴˵
ַҲһĿڵķǶ񸾣Ƕ񸾸ġ
Ŵ⣬ǳָ꣬ĿʣˣĸŮ߶߶߶ȴ޿κΡ

ѼСӼҸ˯ɡ
Ѿˡޱ顣
ȻѼҡͷҲҲСƵĹ֪׵˯㣬ǰ˦˦ȥĲ֪ߡ
ַҲ֪̰ˣ˺Ӷ׽ϡȻ˽Ըһ㣬һ㣬ûú
Ҫ˯ͺú˯ȥ
ͷ𣿡
ַƽʱϵͳͷСӻǵáˣĵطأ
۲ۡӴһ
ַΪҹײǽˣһƿӣҿײġδ˵̲꣬סҲһ
ֻѩ׵С.ϣȻ˰ƴϣӻһ۾ܿ硭ɾкҪĵطˣ
ֹϣеĵطںˣֺڵָӡյİ׶ƤϣΪˡַ۾ˣҧгݵʣ˭ģ
Ѽӡࡱתǲӡ
˵
ҡҲǵá
ַᣬʲôвǵã˭ܣ˭ô־
Ǵ󱦣ǶҲǹøʹۣĽëú͵γһƬӰ
ַҲӰһ˵Ҫ𴲡кǶɲһƤͷһҪĶͷô೦ӣͷа.׺ǰ..١ô־˭֪û˵ͷ
踺һӵ¶
Ѽû⸱ģȥҲۡ
˵ãһ˵ַ˵Ķ˵Ҫ˵Ҳ֤ݡ⺢ӣóͷʱˣõ͵ʱƫҪͷǲٸ
Ѽò˵Ƿǳġ
ַ·ҲŲԾ̻Ϊʲôܸܲ˵˵
ѼβµĿӡ
ַһùӿ㶵﷭ëǮǮ
Ѽͷ
Ǿǣ˵˵ҴֻӺһʱ֮Ҫ죬
Ѽͷҡͷ̡
ַһ٣̽ŵ˵ʲô𣿡
ѼƨƵûûУǲŲ˵أһȭͷſǡ
˵ʵ
Ѽʵڱʵ÷ˣѽ㷳˵㻵ҪˣǸ𣿡
ַһӵĻʱ̿СԴӸĳֹʶſڱտھǡˡҲ֪Ķš
ǿͷ§°֧ͷ̾Ϣɵϣ㲻˵Ҳ֪˵ɶԸ⣬ɶ
أȻҪ˵ӺûҪΪ仰ʹ󶯸λԵöŮ˰ƽǰɣ
Ѽ챻˵ˣȻӦһ䣺ǲֹ˵㣬ҵǮ˵˾С۶
ѽ֪֪ӺػЩϼű˵ɶأҪգ󣬷羰
ڵĸⷬʮ󣬶ʮ󡭡һӶһһӦ飬
ߣʣǧʵ̫ˣٸ~С֣Ŷ~

021

öӱƽǶδӺһ񸾣ַֹҪƽ, øǼƽϵס
, ˶һ壬Ӥ۴, ͦ֡ƿ÷µķţһŴϺ˯ǰҹ˯ʱ, һĿڶ֪˸ˡ
ַ߸顱һ쳯Ķȥ÷Ǳѵ, ʹѵ, 㡭
ַԲ, ۾ɵͭ󣬷·, ֻóصһͨҴ¶ļû¾ʹľˡ
һҽһ, Ӿһ, ȥŮ, Ůק·, ɱ
⵹ַ֣¹͵ȫ, ǴҶӣ
ǴҶӣ
ɩлú˵ú˵ûӴ
Ѽɱˣ
˫̥ӱѣҪȥæַ۽Ƴһ, ֻˣС¡
¹˭Ѽӽ޷Ʒֻܻϣǳԡ
º÷û¾͹˲ʡԵϡϡƤϣ߳Ѫ
ڣڸϹһ֣һȣס蹷ƵĶϱ
ŴŮģۡһ޳ҿĶ÷蹷Ҳ֪㣬һ˻զ찡
һԳݲ¶үӣҲŵõһϱݣֱ򰡡лú˵㶯ɶ֣
ľҪɱˣҹϢҪһӾ͵Ÿʬɣ÷ŶĿȫǡ
ַҲ⣬ǷϻˣУѼ
ү̿
Ѽնſڿ˿˫۷ʱҲϵ·ѿ
Ŵۻ軨ֵͲֱֱǴսһĸ˵ģ
ѼɥָָҸ
ַҲǽƱĻᣬôϻǮô۸Ѽ˭˭˭ˣһʼΪֻǺӼĴҲû⣬ղŲŷѼˡ¶˵ˡ
ģǹ¶ĸΪҲ㽻˭֪÷ģǶӾأҿѼżԺҪǳɶ˭ȥ
ÿһ䣬˵ڵϡ
ŮŮǺףؼԴãǮǶ̣Ψǵߡ
ŴĨĨᣬ䵭û뵽ÿ꼸ǧףһӰǡ
үҲ̾ôܴް
ַЦǾǱĵضܴ򿩣
ǲǣ˼ǡ
ַǽͣƳ˶һۡ
һѼʶ鼼ʱ̵ˣӴ̣Ҷۡ
Ŵ۾ˣһ桰ġΡۣһ桰ɱǧͷŮĶС
ѼһݣɵĽų죬ŶӽСۡӢͦüëһͽסͲشˡ
ҵĶ簡һ˵ͷȥҽԺ˭Ҳ֪զޣ󼪴
ϸ˵ү֪ԣӾܣŴü·ӱϣۻغŮŸȥֶӸҽҩѰ
÷˵ȥᶼָָ֣㣬׷ָģ뼸ǧĺöֻҧҧϡ
ַպֵǮغԿףҸϳţе׷ϹŵĽŲ·ȻڣϤҲûѩֵͲҲû⡣
˼ұϾ֧ܲ˶ԶŴϰ֧ʹŮűһ·һ·֣Ҫɶ£Ĳ⸸
Цٺܸϣ
¾벻ѾȻô⣬ҹҽ°ˣְ͵ҽԺ۵ͷ󺹡
Сרû£һ̫һҪȥһѴѸ׶ûôźⲻһҽԺֽжҪȶ̷ۣ캮ضҹĶȥ
ĸߵģԲͲԸҽһۡ
ҧȥҽԺʹӦ߼۸һȿˮݿ๾ࡱȥͷ˵úȣߡ
ģ
Ȼ뵽ÿ꼸ǧС飬ֻҧ¡
ѼС󻹵һνҽԺȻ˵û£ֻƤˣַǲģȫ飬ƬBĵͼǺС㣬ҪŲѪɫصĵӣûȱɶ͵졣
ϵӣѼȥԵĻңǰͷСļҳŶӣǹԶӵġ
ԸŶӣϸֽܡ
˭֪ûϺãͷǺ
ԭʱӵͷ絷⣬һתӾۺĶǰѵܣһ䣬ʺѪҺ͡ȥֹ£𾢡
СۣˣƫҪԱϴδֲ۵룬һоҲûС
һɷн¡
ҲҪ鲻֣
Ҳǣ
˲ˣʿôˣӲ˸һֶ֡кҳסʿҲ̴ѪܣϽ˵һֻһ֡Ȼ۵ġ
ַż˸״ǳ鴤Ѽһ첻¾Ͳʹǰɣ
ѼȻ¥ݿһζ½ǣɱȥ
ַҧгݣ˻¶ܣŸ˵£ӿɽ̣ٲˡ
壡
һ٣ô

˼̨ף뿴ɫ
ûɺˣ衭Ӵ򣬱
ַ챻յһҲܣ˻ܣʵˣؿһСͨ죬·ˮֵӣҡ
źߡ
ַŷְиˣݸ߸װ
ϰô뵽ĪƼƼҽԺȲô
á
ַԺ︡෢ڵСţҲΪҪڣСѾͷٷְٻ벻Ƶ˾Ȼ
ȥ𣿡
鲻ÿɷ˼ͷʣߣ
ѼѾ嵽ǰظԼġӢ¼һ飬ɽ壿
š
ȻûͣǣƵͦãÿһζǲѾĸϡˣ
ַӦǸԼ˵æûǱ˴ˣˡȥһɳ¼һ澯ˣ۸ӵøۣһҲ׼һԺٸìܣҲһ֤ݡ
Ȼֻͣ¶ֱײϣšӡһıһ㣬Ӳ
ôôСģ˵ءѼСͣûҲ܇NɇNɇNСʱ
ɫȴÿͷؿ˭ģ
ʣһ˲ַҲ֪ҹôţڵ˫ֱأӴ֣˲֣Ҳʲô¡
ӴĶѾˡ
ȴĻģѼ˵


022

ַѼְѱǮ¶˵һ, üͷԽԽ
û֣
, ţ󣬵ٹǴ, Ǵɣ
鿴ǿģüͷɿ, Ҳ㣿
ţ
øҲûֵãü, 軹ұˡ
ϸü֮, ûС֮ί, ̹·ʲô¶û
ʣʹ𣿡
粻ʹˡë, Ҫ³ӣ˵Ӻܽƽ, ƨ¶, æֽקס
ɻ, սô
֪ô, ԽԴĿʺůڵ, ·õ¡ѼһЦǴң˵˾УƵĽƽϡ
֪ۡûĺӴŮˣԸС, ְƽϡЩȱ㣬Ѽ϶ûУ٣û
ַܵһ.ȵߣһˣͼӴס
鿴Ѽϴ̧ŷȶûޣü֮ҲίҲͲ¥ݡ
Ѽ裬ද֢ͯƵģһϣǰβܼݣɴסĸ첲˵ߣ¥ݼȫꡱ
¥ػ֡ˡܳȥ
վſڵװˣ˫ȷֿͬ˫ֽշǰܽȥ
Ѽֹ£Χ˴Ǿ𣿡
Էҡͷ
һǱڣ˫۷ǹܲܽҿһۣһۣұ֤
ַ
Է̿վñֱϰ塣
ͷǽȥͷ׼䡣˲ˣŮŮƼƼİְǹ¡ַûɶ棬Լ֪Ӧλعֳ÷
һۿס֣лСͬ־Ĺõľˡ
˳Ϲ˾ʮȣͣʮ롣
ַһ˵õáһæ㿪ȥ˴źʾͲͨˣ֪ԼＸдѣʲô
Сͬ־ǫ飬ҪǵϢǻϴء
ǣҲȰѺӴȻ֪ҪǲĶءȥһ𣬾ûźӰѴץˣһŭ֮·Ż𣬵Ȼ˲֪ӱϻ겻ѡ
ַ̾ô˵Ѽ˼¶
Ӿٵ̫ˣμ˳ĬѼǸûɫģȻأ
ָָڷ䣬ܹȥûһʹǱߴ֨֨Ц
аЦɢ˳˵Ϸҽܣҽιңһû£ںʡ칫ɵ£ԺҪаæĵطСֱ
ָӵƼƼĸ磬һڹ֣һڷԺԺʲôֻܿڡ
ַϽͷ˵áкﲻΪȻȱǮɶ鷳ѣˣҲ֪ܲȥˡҴͷβû˵ɶְλɶ֣ҲҲضȥүӲ˵ˡ
ڳĶ˾Ȼ֪ү˼Ҳ˵黰СǼסˣԺںֱϹңƽ־С
ǣֳ仰Сͬ־õĶԷᱨ㡣
˻ַЦЦѽֳʱɱǸϳúãЦ䲻¶飬ﲨǳ.Ů˶еζ
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ԭǽСèͦСС٣ССϸϸָȫͨ죬·ٳĺַ͡һˣŸ˱˼Һ
޲֪ЦʲôҲСèСèĽУĻҵĳĬƼƼĨĨᣬǰ;ţֻҪĸӶ˻뿪ͷ壬ҸɶԸ⡣
ȥ±ˣú塣
ǣ룿Ҳֹ룬ҪҹҹԼеͲˣ
ַ֪ôοûоĿĥȰǾǷƨ
֣裬硭ǣ֪Ұֿ϶ӦʲôҲϵġƼƼҧгݣôôǶûһ˿һ֮ġ
ΨһǱ
ַ˵ΪЩԼ֮׵ɣֵãת뵽μҵͣôɱһǧԻٰ˰٣ҪŪеǰ취
ҲȰӣ˼䣬ǡ
ȵȣҰֻл˵ķ£Ͻ˰æţ˾
ԲסСͬ־˶ûü˵ΪǻȥɽˮԶԺҲһл棬һҲֱ޳ĪƼƼ¶õӡȻȨΣǿվѹͷߡ
ӻͳһɫĳСӣһ⣬ܾ
ַûӣڴۡýӡ˼ҿˣֻǾ֮͡
ȴðΣյģǶ⣬ôҲֻԸƼƼݶ޷ýǮֻСС⡣ȥǰЦ滢űͷ׷˫۸ף͸ͨϸ졣
ַҲϵлл˼ңˣȥԺƼƼͺ¿ʼҲҪ
δ˵꣬һѽ̺ˣ˵һҪ£ңӣѼѧ
ַ˫΢ᣬһǸжμ˵ܵһҲǱ¡˼ҹĲǰͷһӻجج帾ܣẈ̂ɺӲС
ҪһõѧУõʦõʶ硭ԵȣһһѧϰĻƽһζ
ʱйûǮмߡ
̾ļ򣬡°ɣ͵Ǹӵġ
ַĳлѼǵ𣬳ȥָ˴кŴ¥

ѪûһĹԱ˵ǡֳģҪǼɶĺĶ֤Ǵɳӡһݡ
ַƣѹûѼ¶ĿڱǺݺݽѵһ٣鱨棬֮ϲѾ롣
οصңڷ￴һ۴ۣȻλΪԼۻˣ߿С㣬ϸϸ飬һԪһֲ࣬һֲ١
ʹ仰ѼܸȣĸĪԪˡַЦá
ߣǰϵǧֲϣʮ㻹һ~

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ԴӾӣͷķת, СС͵, ܶڵ˼Ҷùţַɲҡ
صĲֹǰҵʱ, Ǹı˵ĽԿס
û壬вס˾µظɻ, ַһٳּιһ涽ٺдҵȻûϹѧ, Ժ, ֪ܶʶ, Сѧ
꼶Ҫѧϰϰߵɣ컨Ѽ¹أ峿˵, 緹Сʱ˵뿪ʼ, ŵдҵ, һֱдʮ㡣緹˯һСʱ, ӿʼдҵ߿, ޿ڿ⣬һֱдĵ, Գȥ棬ߵ˯ǰٱ۾ϱϰһ¡
ÿ챣֤Сʱѧϰʱ䣬һСʱıʱ䣬ʱʱýĳ顣, Ѽܰѳ˷ھҪеĿĹʫɶҲ²١
ɴ֤ʲ޿ɾҩǰû˽̣û˹ܣûġ
ں컨ģڹǰд˺ҵַȥĺӼѧڵĿαǰԤϰ˭֪ǵ绯һŲͲƨɵֽ
ĺӲظǵˡ
Ѽأ
裬㣡
ַӳΧȹ˲֣ϱԺġ
ЦŴԺﶫսݵͳͳݣղ˵ĶűźùҺã׳İ¶Դţǰ˭뵽Ĺ⾰Ѽң
ﰡиŮ˾ǲһ
ͷǼԲ಻Ķ
ѼԴǦһͷҧ
ҴҴҲ࣬üǳʡ
ַæлòԵĿ䣺Ǵ廹ֳôõִԲɳǸõط
ϱ۾һɲǺõطڰͷгﵽſڣɶʡгϣɷˣ
ԣʵ벻ĸġ
ӣӹǸѽ߿Ժ·ƶûв֪Ƕı
ӽƽ̹ˮ㣬ũǵ֮ġõطͷǼֱá
ַЦЦֿ䣬ͷժ۲ˡĭŵСӶԡȥ԰عڼСˣǰĶУոۣžʿˮ
˭֪һ̧ͷѼǦʣžһԴϣû䣿
Ѽ˵ǦʵожģæޡڡȻǶ֪αѧ
ϱգգۣЦЦƢˬãϲˬġӣĿɨר־ĺ컨ϣⲻǷĿԺԲƣؼѼ
ǹᣬڴǳƤԺɲùܡȻŹҲͬ⡣
뵽ϱ¶һЦ
ַͷ֣Ҳ֪ʲô˼⼸ĥ򷿵¶û˼ǽѣҲûʡ
쵽ټҵûþˣڻ֪͵ģֵҲã
ڴС˵ˣС沣˭Բһٷ˶ǴϻΡͷһء
Թ緹ַ˯һէǷСģѰ۵ĵطֿŰġ
˭֪һѼ񣺡ˣ˼̡Ӻףа˸ϣ
ַ͡һˣ˸Ѫˡȴ֣ʲôͬ˵ƫҪŴֹСʱĪǹģ
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ʵ벻ͨ
ȵȣѼû˯
Ѽ۾ѼӲ˯˰˯ѡ
ַҲ֪⺢ô£˵˵Ը˯װŪȥҲŴ۾ǽƤָ裬·òľ
ֱǲжද֢
¹ڼһ棬ûһ̰ģϵ;赶Ū첻ͲѼк컨öԾ
ţſڽˡ׳ȷ͸ɫܿͷʺɫĿӣַûüѸٵƿߡ
ŵN
ַ˵ô֣ѼֱŤˣ˭֪ѼѾͣҽѼʦдˡ
˲ΪȻЦЦ۾ȴ亢ϣ˴أ
ַָָԼӣ˵ѹͲ찡Ѿ³ǵƭƼƼֳĴʦﱾûøУֻǰӻֵ£Ȼ˦ˡ
λʱͦãȥϰˣ
š
˿˿죬޻һŵҵдûѧڿγѶȴҪɶľȥңҶڼҡ
ѾҪߣѧڹƾͲڴˣַҲ̧۾ЦЦûǴĻһбҵɼһ㡭ǲװɣ
ĵڴСѧЩʲôԸﻹû
û뵽˵һҲ˵û걣ķͲ֪ߵغˣߣҪΪˡ˭ԸϹѸš
ѼȴȲˣ˵ҲŵѼһ
ַ֣ͽŵͦѼֻСԺȥ˱Ц꣬ȡ˵Ƿֵ䣬Ԣá
ϱӶ˶ʮҲûôţôô᣿Ƿĵķкų⡣
Լ˶ϱӲһˣҲ֪Լʲôʱͻʧ
ʦЦЦƤ
ûһ컨˯ʦæСʡ
úӱæˣҽиϢ㡭ǡ
ַۿûдĵ⡣
ġҵ衷ȫ꼶ľصȽҪȥ콱أ
ģ
ģ
ģ
ĸͬϲѡ
ʦ⣬ͦͦţˣҪȥμӱء
ַڿסԼûٷУں컨šһڣҹŮôôѽһǴƯС
컨Сտֲ԰æסͷ𣿡
ûû£Ҹء
ʦû쳣ıǰ˵㿪ʼ컨ϲϵģֻǰȥסźߣס޷ѿܻȽϹ󡣡
ַɫĪ˼Ҫ컨ȥסд˼˺Ʒԣܷĺ컨ദ
ȴΪǮΪѣְסҪ٣ԷҪ٣ͳһװüԤڳ׼Ϊѣ׳֦Ҳ֪ǹ¶ĸļѣʵڲоͱȥˣдõĽң򾧾̨ʶ
컨ԥ֪ǮѣḺ̨ʶԼдġζûʱ費֪࿪أ
ַѼС򾧾ŮλʦֶŮû컨ŬÿοԷߣ˰೤СС;֪߽ݾ
Цһǰ컨ʶֱӰѺ컨ռΪУᣬ߽ݾû˺컨·ú컨·ߣ
лʦʱسǼͺˡ
㡭ԼȥسǣǿǺԶģдëǮһװҲˡ۾ţôϴβһ
֪Լ¶ˣݣ߲͡ѼɫȵĹš
ӣ˺ûǰôúˡ
컨εıǲֹҪȥҪȥַϵԿףͳһװʱ̨ˣҪַĹŮΪͷǣ
ˡ
Ѽ죬͵ţôˣǼҲ˭ſɫϴͷǺͮͮĴƻƳȳȵĴ㽶˿ڿˮ
ַͷҲƣôʶˡ
ߣ죨1220ţϼӣϹذ첻£ʮһŸŶ~~Ҳõ~˳һνӵġһģ
治Ƕϣѧ켣ƽƽڲŲУƾһ˫ʲ¶⣬ݲ¶ǡϰģ֮·ϧֱƣһ⡣
ĸΪ˸ȣ۹ȺԶʧȥ˸кӡ
̸Ϊ˰ǮȣѪٶեͷƶѪ䣬ֽȥ˫ȡ
һԼԲ̴ֵ50cmȦȣսСȭͷڣȻ
ǣްִ跢֣ʮŮмȲ˯ˣ⻹ѩ౻СϣĨĨֲãŮҪ

024

˰׳ȻͬĴ, û´µĺ, ַ˳۶ˡ
˭
˵۾òԵӣƺǴЦ, ַͬ־
ǰ塣
˿˿ѼЦŵͷ, ˮݹȥѼǰɣһμ, ֪ϲʲô
Ѽѧῴɫ, ûͬ, Ҳҽӣһʿˮ, һɣȥ˰衣֮󼪡
𣿡Ц, Щ΢·, Եúº͡
ַҲЦ, һˮдҵС, ְѹʱʣĹӶ˳
ò˵˾䡰ллԺ, Ŀʲô˼꣬ûһµӡַò׼ʲôݣֻò
;ι, װʳľͰ¶Ͱưϴɾˮ׿ˣⵣͳš
áˣԴĶˮòƺ죬Ҳܴûһˮ׾ˡ½Ū࣬߸߾¶ϸߵİࡣ
֪ô£ַ뵽˽ϰ塣ȻĵغãֱΪԼһʼòȡԸھΣԺлԶٷġ
װˮףְѳڴֵ̣ϸϸļȼá·ʹ
Ȼ˰Ÿô϶Ҫдһٵġַ¥һɵ⣬ǰɱ˼ģСл϶óԡ
˿⣬ͷæ˰
ַ
Ȼûã𰸾ͽˡ

ôӢҶܲɣ
һͷˮЦͽǸôû˵
ԭ׵ܵܣѾֳɵ·ӣΪ˴Ҳַܸġ
ַǳ鴤
СɶԸ⣬㲻õѼƵĶ
Ƣã˭ºͣôϱʱ˵ǵķ᲻㶯֡
ַϽסĻ⣬Ȼ䣬վѼĸףûҪʬôһˡôҸѸ
ϱ˶٣Դòʮ˴ŵҲңָûƵģٹ۾ˣɱװ֪
ַţòʮ˭ǻˮͰҪ濴ò䡣ң˵ӣҲûһ㶢ȫ̺òӦòˡ
̽û
ûûûͷСأġ
ַˣôɶȱͷеǿĶˣ
۾ֱŶϱʳôĲݡ
ѽ˵⣬Ҳʲô£͡᲻£ԩץͰͣ¡
ԭ˽˳ȷʵ׶ܡնʮ꣬Ǵ껪ֲ˵ҸƻŮ⡣ʮСܣպϰϴץȥŴϴӿоԭ򣬱ꡣ
ǰճĸһֱæŸɫϱЩϹ۵ģ˵͸ķݱץáǱ۸˲šɱǧĶôΣҲˡ
֮ôżõܵţҲǱƼƼֵġһǶ˴ϱͷˣ¹ܴСѸֻҪǸŮĻľС
˳ַꡣ
֪ɶˣ෴»ؿףԴСȫ⣬ȴܻǫ̃档
ַͷܿ
Ҳô꣬÷ſˣŻᣬøԸѰû飬ҲûŮˣôõ˲ģҪɣʱСںͺɶģ
˵ˣûǾԺţʡ¶֪
ַЦȻ˵ǻӵģŮ.ѿаûνֻѺǳˣҵҲ̤ʵˡ
ɵѽһӣʮĻˡ
ַû硣
ǵĺӰɣû¶Ǻˣ㹫Ҫͬ⣬ҲܰѼԼӴ㹫Ҫͬ⣬ÿѣ꣬Ȣϱͺ
ЦˣǸѼ컨ƲǸļޣûҲᡣ
󣬶ϱ뿪ֻ˵ǿǡ

ϣڽŵһ¾ǿɫʲôһۣɵúܡ
ַú֪ǵһֱûᡣ˰ȫУΪҪˡ
ֱ˯ţŸ档
ʲô˼
ʲôʲô˼ؼʲô˼
ӴҲ֪ŲʲôʮĻˣֻͬΪѼүү̣ǿ϶ϣҪļޣһźӣϵ˿ɻʼɡɵʲôԭ򣬾ȻҲͬļޣ
үӱòڣ飬ټҵ˼ǣֻҪ㿴ϣǼȢ
ַһ㶣Ը⵹ţ
š
ŴվûϰסһſأԺҪӣҵȫѼģ붼Ҫ룡
ַۣϡ
ҵģһשһǽģԺһ˿䴫ӡ
ΪѼģַ⣬ҲɶˣôǮǣʯͷҲˡɴҲҴţ洫ķ㰮˭˭ҽǮ򡣡
˭ҵģ
سǣѼͺ컨ȥѧ
У
ֻͬԵĵ㲻һ
סģɶǮ˲֪ĻΪô㡣
ѼܴߣΨһ
ַǶ͡ҡüǮԸ裬ԸǣǡҴȥ飬ҪԸȥĩͺҴǻǡǶ񸾣϶¡
ǵᣬô˵ˣͳȥӡ
ſڽࣺϱѾ˦ˡ
ȵȣŮ
СѾʧſڡ
һҹӡһмϱûļޣѼס˼ҵһֿЦ֪سǷ˵ģ˭Ǯô
ؼǣ˷ӵóԷʲôԼͺӣ˵Ƿծ
˵󻰣Ըȥڴ⣬ȲҲʩԮ֡
ڶ죬źûѧַһţֱسǡڲʮзн飬ûˣЩҪԴĶѹҲ
ûͷӬϹһ磬ֻȥʳƷԵ㶫
߰ɣ裿
Ѽ߶üˣַΧʵòҲ
ӴСˣ񷹵ϰȻǵǣʱԹк
ϲ㣬¡
Ҳ𣬸ŽС̡ϰãǵ߱ȱ˶˰ͬÿһŨȼ
ַмֻһͼǵãֲôáǺǱNÿص
صģӰֲĺˣҼʮ꣬һҲ
ʮ˰ż޵ͷ꣬Ѹë˥ʮ롣
£
ڿԴˣַԼ˵ˣ˳ûʶзҪ
û뵽ʶˡϰлң֣С￪꣬⼸ԽԽǰҵ¶Ǳ߷ѾҺˣֻϷû
һļϣȥӡ
سڵĻ򻪹壬˼壬سǺĵش񷹵ʮӵ·̡ڸɾʯϣȫ͵е½ӲӵĹӰӻûַϲˡ


025

һСԺӣΧǽպϵʵʵ, ֻٽ濪һšƿ, ԺӸɾ࣬ˮذ巢ɫĹâ, һۿȥ¸, ¥࣬ĵĴһ
ӱֻ, װ޵ú, ȫǸߵɳߵд̨
һ¥м, ȷʵǽһ׳ɳһһ׶ԭľɫд̨, ͷһһѺ컨Ƥˮ, Ƥɢɫ⡣
Сֲ, ֻʣŴ, ʲѰȥ, ҪĻǡ
ָҲԺǽǰǳ, ݶ©ȫˣǿԾ
ԺȻֻʮƽףֺĻҲռ̫ࡣլȻ󣬵Сҵķ, ϣ滮þԵ£ռõط
ôѼϲ¥ǼŴ󴲣·ˢһ£д̨дҵҲá
翴ӣزסΣ۰ͰͿַ衭
ַͷƤ飬޳žֳһ̬ȣ֪ۿ˶ˡ
ȻСҪǧ飬һֲ١
ַЦԤһǧ顣ȻԷӺλö⣬ǧ顭ʣµǮҵʽ
ҪȰȰС壿õϼҴҲס
лƽ㣬ҲȥǧȷʵˡַҲܻ䣬Լ˵ͬʱҲϣԷܿϱ˵
ȥ·ϣѼͺ컨ڳ㽣ͷɥ
ôȥ̲֪ΪŰء
컨͵ܵܶһۣСӿ㶵ͳһǮͬˣһ۵ɳ飬ѹýʵʵһͰųֽš
Ӱɡ
ַһ£ǵľǵģԺ·
ǲ·ˡ컨Ŀڡ
ѼԼµЬۼˣݺݶţƺӲʯͷţЬӣǮҪ·ӡ
Ϊǿ費ϲסûѣûϲĵطϴĵط
ַȴˣüѼЬҪ
Ѽͷչĵ..Ƶģ촽һ𣬶ͺˡ
û
ˣѼٿغۣѾѣҲҪˡŽţ͵سֻЬӲϡ
ַŭ𡰲䡱ϴܣ̫Ѩ͵ۣĬĬţԸ᲻ó᲻ô׸ʡµЬСҪб°Ѫˣ㣡
ȻϣӲûЬӣͳֽЬ׵ͲɾһֱֺֻֽڣˣͳϴСЬװȥ
ַĻ·סʺǣҲǡֻǰߣ
컨裬ֿܵܣںͷֹ֪ɶַʵķҲ⣬ֻŽŲȷǸϾС˵ʵּҷӲԺҲûƽѹֵۡ׶ëһǧĹĺܴ
Ԥǧ֮һķʣǧСʳ̣Ͳ͵ԽԽ࣬Сʳ϶׬Ǯʣǰķֱߣ˺иá
ڵã򷿶໨һǧ飬СʳƻҪϣӦǮҲʣ¡Ͷ첻ϷߵƢֱ߲Ǯġ
ҪȰ򣿿ɹʮ壬ӾͿѧˣ⼸ֻٵһ꣬ڵѧϰʱ󣬽鲻
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ܵġ
Ѽ˵װЬϴ
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ܵܿ˵
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ַһ㶡
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ַŭûˣǹԹ԰Ьϣ򷿵Ǯȥ裬һа취ġôۣѼæŸ˵Ӧûע⵽
Ǯ뻨Ϣ
صңһǻͷۣ϶ַ˻ң˵ĵ⣬޲·С˭֪û죬˵ӵģͬٿ顣
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ֱٿ飬ɲСĿ˼һ껹أ
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ǣС˵ýǰסȥַڴĽʺ޵۹ʼ
ΪսپҲûٶǴ·鱾ͽҪԵ׼һ·ɽ
֮ǰȫ˵棬ַ֣µ裬鳳¹ǰôңѼүʵԶ䣬ԸϣԸÿ¸ѡ
Ĵˣ⻰˵һһۣȫǵ
ү̣һҪŶȥϰʱǰæרǮǮԺТǡ
˺ôЦͿ߶ֺá
ѼӲŴȻۿᣬɰӣһҲ̲ס
ˣүӰӣ¡߶ϱӡ̫Ÿȥų벻һ¡
Ѽһ裬һק̣޵УһЭˡ
һΪѼ
ΪӣŴʹϣ߼ַ£ڳʱ򵽣ҲֻףòӪ
Ȼ֪ǣûһڣүҲѼһˣһⵣ˼ССʮֻһǣҲѼϡ
̫ɽ֮ǰһ塣ӱάû˼һסҶ˵ôɨַģĿ˼ͰˮִӻҼҽӣ顣
ʢȴȥڻҼҳԵġ
ֻţ̸Ҳֻףַ컨ŴѼȹ¼ҵĵһ
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026

ڶ죬ַȡǮС, վ, ɳʹίͻǨֻȹͷ֤ʽ仧
Ժ, سˡ
Ŵ󴲣ױ첢ӡ, ɳǿþûҪӵӲ, ǰڴСд, ն۾Ҳá
ðȥһٶ, ֱӸ͵ſڡ
ŴôലٲǾ춯Թ, ͷɶУܼϱԩǮ
ַصǲԸµҲ, Ժá
ͷǼ洫ķ첹ܹ, ɷ˵±ù, Ѵӹȥ
ŴͷҲص, ǴԼĶС˼þɵģµĸõĵ
֪Ƿ蹷Ƣ, ƽϸɶ
ַ޵Ĵģһ˸㲻ھæôŰ¼ʰ޳ɸϹԪڣڶ˶ٱ㷹, Աл⣬Ҳʽʶһ¡
߲үӴӴģֻϸＹŹǣһֻ󹫼ýȥʳһ˸ˣھǽڳޡ
Ѽͺ컨ܿ뵱ػΧӴһƬַǣûдŲ١ھ֪ûиףֹЦɶöһ࣬ʤ⣬ںƵĻﳤĺӣԸĶȥ
ϴˢɾ߿ˣַᱳʹսݣȻү̾Ļ̻̣Ҳ֪ʲôʱǸͷ
զŴûȥزļȱ
˵ڿˣһż
ģŴ˷ܵ˫ð⣬ϸ˵˵죡
ү䣬ǾͰڴôãҲ̲סһӰߴﹾ⵹
ֺУ˿ɻûأȳסͷǷǣǡϸ̶ͷһԲϾͿᣬ˫ֵñ׻ҲʣӰӣһȡ
ûӣֻܽ˷ֿתеڶ˭֪ȻתƵ;ˡ
Ҳǵ졣ַпⲻԸ
Ȼү̾ûܼ·ͱɽһ̫вⲻСйǹ죬˵ӵһֻȣֱꡭһϣⱲǳˣοడ
Ҳ֪˭Ϣش壬Զﴫɡڼɱ˻ԽǹˡŵáӴһʡ¡ķƽʱÿʸסȥǡ첻֪˭ҿĿǸǣӰҹϲ겻һŲȿաǺһӵķˮ˵ȱʱѾɵˡ
ɵˣ
񲣬ֿЦʺﶼ֪ɵɶү̾ҹϵȻôվһģ겻ѡ
ɵ˰Ŵûһʼ˷ܡʮ겻飬ҲѧֻɬûãҪˣڷľŴ
Сʱ۶һ࣬Сͻ飬û뵽ҲһԴȢϱù˲ϣŮ˾ǻˮ
үӸϽ˶ϱһۣͭ˫ۣʲôƨһ첻¶Ͳǰɣ
Ŵ촽䶯ճԹҲƶϱתƻأô˵ﻹˣ
ΪѶץ߾ˣͷʶ̣ϱĶģʲôʱģ˶Ǯ˭ģ˭Ҫ˳ϻ򵥣Ҷȥ˺üء
⡰⡱Ҳͷˣ˳ϲ飬ƼƼڻ˯ţʱʵĸվˣԵĸŮ˵ʡˣҲҪվ£պ˳·δҲûϸʳԱ³һβŷϡ٣ϧѾˡֱҲ˵嵱ǸվɶֻǵñŮ˼֣ӻ𳵵೵ٵţշתʡݶʮвŽͷ塣
Ȼվûȱϯ
ڰҰ˿ڣĶŸֹͷУضв٣Ļ̡̻
үָָ̾컨ķ䣬ɵĺ¶Ҫεġ
ŴͽŵòУʱ˵ƣ˿ڿˮǡһ¡ԺѼȢϱҲղۡ
ַֻ֪컨ģʱصһŲ֪ҲﺢҼˣѵһ顣
ǰҡҲǲˣֻǵúһ죬ͦ䣬ϼһ˯·ߣΪѧһؼء
ŴȿˮҰѣĶĸɶҲ˵ֻұûһƤҲֿһؿѰ˼򻹵ûǮ׼񲻺𣿡
ַһѪܺãõ׼ΰɡ
ѽҪ֪ҲĸҪ´۲ʣһؼһ˵ǻٿǮģӴ죬ĸ˵©Ҳ͡漱ˣƽʱڴڶ࣬˭ֻҪ˵һ䣬ˡ
ͷզ찡治ģ֪ǶǮ
үҲ֪ô죬ϱ֪ʱʶеĶϱȡһ֮ơ
ַûٴС˵ʵǼʹû漰ǮҲչ˰ɣ£ĺӲǶðæҼҳҲҲôɳȥã
˵ٻǸ˷һֵͬ飿
ͬɲġ
һ仰˵ŴġͨһɤۣѼ裬뷨ӰɣҲȥεģѼԺզȵȣͻȥҾû˶԰ɣ
ҿУڴڼ񵽵ģͷǶȥҡ
ַЦδ꺢ҲΡ
Ŵ漱ˣҪΣŻȥҲҪΣʶ˶࣬·Ӱɣ
ַûͻȻðͷҪŹϲ飬컨ĸϱֱַҲûĸĸȻⱲҲú̵ɲģԼޣҲظ֤һ缺
ңѰĸǺ컨Ϊ˵Ȩ

ڿأ
ǵ裬Ŀ飬㿴ԻֽǻҼСŮѾ꼶ˣкܶ࿴Ŀ飬컨￴
ַ̨ƴ򿪣ʼأ
컨ЦЦ¼ǲס꼶ֲܶʶҲһ֪⣬ʼ֮һǺƴ
ԣϹ߲ã۾
ַϣ¶۾ɲ䣬ôҲŲ
ʲôҪ˵𣿡
ַǿЦЦϲ¼𣿡
컨ԥͷƵģ׷ӵϲкܶСѣЦǣ֪ǡǡǸֲ˵ڣСַ
û£㣬ǵǰ𣿾ǰ
컨ҡͷյֻǵ̰Ҽؼңҷԣ·ð򡣡
ַüŴûٴⶼ㰤ǰĵʲôӣŴû˵ѡ
ǵԼСʱסĵط𣿡
컨ҡͷ
һ˼أǾǼң
컨µ򣬡ǵáŶˣпúܴɣܽںڵɣأġ
ǼΨһ˰ɡַ̾صɣȫУɣҲһַǳֲ
úúã˰ʡ
컨ˮĴ۾һգգĲ裿
ţô˵
컨˵ַϴˮպˣϴ˯ɣ鲻Ŷ
컨ǲ˵ַߵ¥ݿڵʱȻܹŵͻȥһú飬úðɻչ˵ܵܡҲǮܺġ
ַĿ컯һ̲ˮˡ
ɵӣҲҪǸҡĸ
ߣлԷͶ~~ĩȹջæ555~

027

ַʺ컨ֻԼûܰպ˵ʽ, úӶˡ
˯ɣ
ҡҿ𣿡
Сɵ, ܵǶӣǹŮ, Сĸѽַգͷڡ
컨ֵߵ߻˯, ԼСӣܵ跿䡣Ȼÿһɨ, ָ, סȥ, ŷķƺرůͣġ
·Ǵ˴𣿡СС, Ǻߺͺ档
ַͷΣʱ֪ĳʶ÷ùͬ, ûĸױŮ, ŮʶٵÿȻʱҲĸ, Ǿͺúôɡ
ŮǱкġѼ˯, Ǳѹ廨һᱳʹ·, 컨һ˯أ§Юӡ
һůġ
Ȼ, Ҫǣõ򴲡
컨ʿǣܸһ˯·ǵλ֤죬ַĶ͸ĶʽΪСβ͡
ַֺڣڲҼ˵¶æŵ棬׼Сʳ̡˳ҲȥɳһˣѺ컨ԺѧˣͨDNAأ
DNAʣʮ󿴵ġ
ɳڼҲԶַ߱룬˾Ҫô˵ϴɣʵϴ壬ǾŴηȥʡڼ߶߶
һ뵽ѼֺݲġᣬҲѼ̣ѼͷΡٴˣվǸ컨ԣûн˺ۡͷ壬۹ũ壬Ҳӵļҳ
εΡ
ֽ㣡

ַͷɫγĸҲ֪˶á
Ӽʻλ̽ԲԴֽ¶ԹûһԶɣϴε»ûúøлأ
ַõлҵлŶԣҪǰæƼƼҲ
С֪˼޿ɬĵֻҪǸйص¶ϰ嶼ԹۣҪллϰһΪСȻ°ɡ
ǰˣᵽͷ67ţ֪ǽϰʲôʱʱ䣬ϼԶٱ㷹
֪ûˣַҲ̽ͷ̽ԵĿЦеؿСա˼ʽĿɫȹͷ㣬ëȹֻͼѷ㣬ûעȻճһĶǵķ羰ǶųЦü䣬ϲˡ
˾ؿţ޳ָϥšֻСƺϰ˼ʱ򾭳ָţϰֻȱľ㡣
źߣɣȥ£һŰݷá
Ȼϰɫƺһ
ַû뵽Ӧôˬ죬ţɶ׼ҲûѳڣУȥæ˵·ߣȹȻһ¡
ϰֻأһմ𣿡
Сպԥͷ
ַǲر.еò׼һص˶徻ѵմǴִɶġῴϰԲϺš
СյͷǰϰԼ±һܳ.˸ؾ͡δ˵꣬оԼƨɶձһţϽٺ١ɵЦɲס
ַ͡һˣôϲ԰ôˣϸ˵ҲȰɡ
Сֹ
ջʲôҲû˵ˡ
Ȼǰ·ңʵʵģַתֽȥǶмרϵ꣬۶ȥгźܲƹϵСˡ
զܲڳԵһѼҵ̧ͷ
˵˵ʲôҪԷ
ѼһǦʣģôͰأϴ϶ţƤˣǿιǣԵģô򣿡
ַԴǶˣôôϲϰ壿ĪͽԵ֣
Уن£Ͽѽҵдꡣ쿪ѧˣĸѧУûáһСͶСѧߣԴҲã컨û⣬Ѽɼ̫ǽһʸ߰Ľѡ
Сѧƾھϣʦһ㣬ϲ࣬ôǮӣĿľúϸѧУңһѧУĻѧ·Ҳи顣
˭ԼҶӣǽ
裬ʲô
ַڡࡱϴһ£ϴû
Ѽ죬ҾͿֻ´ŸԲεĶƤ⻬׹⣬һͷСһͷԲ󣬻ѵİǼ
ַСѡŽȷûɢܣɿɲǼ岻ܳԵôϲԣɴؼɡ
˵أͳԷܲײ˶ˣַҶ꣬ѧ᲻ٷ»ˡźݣһгΣ۹ըǴźţǴŹǣִ࣬Ǽķ»ˡ
һгĩϽĩȣӣըƣѰɰǳɫӽ͡˽źԲʮӣͳصĺʨͷˡ
ȻΪûӼԲɢ˼
ַҲûʱĥˣΪſཡϽ̽ͷȥѴŴ򿪣ǰѳ
Ѽүүһѵţͣĵطͷ̺ͼе̫̫ŲһŲĵ
Ӵɶݣɣػ
Ŵͦͦţ·⳵Ҳһݣ塣
ؾᣬģɣͷ̫Ŀ¶Ľ浱ֶ׷״̽ɶôôǮ
ֹ򳵣רŵ˾ء
ȻͣСոϽܺ˿ţϰ塣
ʮͷƤЬԵգһͦĸ߼װͷûãұסԺѻȸ
СտϰķͣûǴĻϰͷǽϴģƽʱϰÿһϴ⡭ǲеڿͷˣ
ԸСƽͷ˼
㣬ˣ
Ѽɤһ컨Ӹܹ·鳲Сﻹͯ壡
ϰͷӺһˮʳûġܽɿǡҲкܶ໨̵ˮǣҹԵһ
Ҽ·ӣ䷿㿴Ժһһˡ
ַմӳ̽ͷ͡һˣֲҡ
СЦ͵͵ϰɫɲ˵
ϰСϣֱǣҲǣţȻһѴߵӺ
顰šһ߶Ⱥʣ˫Ȼ´ˡ
ʲôʱģ
ַҪȥæת˹Ļð졣
ͷܣԺǽˣŲУ̫󡣡
ַһĪ˿湻ģ˼һû˵ɶأ߶߶߶Ͱѱ׶ȫ˵ˣ..ĽҶ̡ź룬Ⱪ̲С
үӵһҲ͵ԶԶԣҲô˵ģȥש߳򼸿שԺǽݸ߼֣Ҳ뻻һȣûʵġ
չʮ壬ܶвӪҵЩҪôȣҪôԸ졣
ֵͷָϥһһš
СܵϰǰһˣԹɫıңӿڵõȣݾģ͸ڼҡ
Ѽæ֣ڣҸ㶼ڣ
üûѧ
ʵѼܻشˣСһһϣæɶĸѧУ쿪ѧĸѧУֻĸôΪѣһһʮȫ˵ˡ
鿴æµӰ˼
壬벻£ҽ㽲ɣ
컨æϹ飬˸ӡĹ£ɫ·ÿһѾӡԺ̾ѡ
С⾢еϰ塣
컨ִٵ½ǣͷŽ飬·ðСǡ
ģĺϲѽ


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ַȰѹˢ飬ȫһ˶, һҲûմ, »ɫζȫٷԵ÷ǳġ
Ӧ, ˷˵زˣɹûô, ζҲûôá
ֽոܸܵģȥ˷ˡ
Ѽķ, æ뿪, ⼸춼ӡҲϣܰѷ꿪, Ͳȥﵱķ
ѾʶǮҪԣǮֻҡ
С͵͵ϰһ, ˵껹ףϰԲ׳Բͣһԭϳɱʡһ׷Ǯ
Ȼ, ȴɫƽ, ÿɷ
Сż, ϰ岻ûʶǾѵĻɣϰҪֽû˼šμ, һࡣǰֽ䲻ϰ壬ɼνӴ, Ϊ˴¶ǫ̃档Ůô
źϹͺӣϰ岻з֮Դϴ֪ѾѸҹѣⲻ
ţȻ˶׼ȷ˵ǿϵĺɫשͷ
ĴϣѼһ, صĺשͷ֪ðĶָ
ŴŵôҴӰ˰ˤղʹСգⲿ󡱿ǧǮģڲҲ𰡣
Сȴϡƽ޶кһ£ԣͽˡ
ѼѡשͷŶԣŵáӴһӻСջͷ˵
ַЦϴδ绰ѾˣôôС֡
ϰҲ̿
ι˵ʲô壬
Сհְ߰ΣһԺﻻ˼λãҲͷ
ַϽѵǼźŲãҪȥſԣ
Ѽͺ컨æСյִȥԶ·Ӿܵ
Ŵӡ󡱵ľٶŵĻƣһ뵽ôĶסæҲ׷ȥˡүӱھӽȥĥ˵ֻʣˡ
ַѲиĬţμˣֻûһϰĶģ
ǡ
ǸõطʡأҲߺá˵һļһʻ𣿡
š
ַһһ⣺ϰ߷жˣ
ꡣ
ͦõģֲÿߵˡ
š
ʳζȽأԵù߰ɣ
š
رأǰͳԲߣһٲֻⷹûƵġӦ˺óʱ䡣
š
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У˵Σ˵Ρ
˾˻ûҹݺƵҲ΢еź
Ҳڨˣ˼ȥʳ䣺ûȥ
ַ㶲ŷӦʵn֮ǰ˵ʡǣûأԺлһҪȥ
ѩÿγŰشǾʱ֡ĴʣġϧϱӻʮҲûȥ˫֮ԶǸ߷Уġ֮ܡ
˲֪ôȻɫԲǰϸָ뿪ꣿ
ַЦĻǷװ⣬Ѭ̰ڣÿ쿴һʱƯ·ĸŮ˲ϲɷװûҿԷǿճԷ
ֿʼָ겻롣
ô˵ַϣĵŵһ۹ҵ
ٵࡣ
ѽɩӼҿ񷹵꣬ÿ춼µĿˣæʮ໹пš
ҡͷҵ֪缸ͿˡؼּǴӹӪӹģŹӪӣֳɵĿͻû˵ļͿͻһ˱ȣ
ʵ
ңؾòôǮϷĺǼˣʼȣûܳż죿
ںص͵꣬ÿ۶Ǹ˸׵ģ֤ʳһϵˮƽ
ַˮ֪ԼǶô֪Ȼ뵱ȻҾ˵֪ߵغҲΪΣҲֻæʵʲôã
ǳ鴤
Ҳ֪˵ҲûǮǮ̫ߵˣѶ̫Ҳˡ
ÿ˵һŵͷʲô
װַѿڶһΪѵֻ֪ϷܽУص㣬˭áû˴ţû۸Ҳˡ
1991꣬2011ꡣ
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ϴӲȱܳԿԸԿˣֻ¿ͷԾǽš
׼һ£˴ȥ

ü˴š
ַϲðز񣬡ǡǿ̫ˡ漴ôĶα
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鱻Բڣһϥ¿飬ͬĻ
δ˵̶̵꣬ʱַԴת˼ʮ䣬ȲӦ£Уүү̿Ƶգɵ
飺ƽһΣ˶µ˵
ַϳɾ֪ϸɵǮĸɵǸɽͼϰϰѼΪԸԺҲֻǺûиףܶΪĸײ˵Ҫʮ𼱣һ˼ƶ̣иĸɵǶˡ
ϰ壬ܲ鷳¶
üʾ˵
컨ѼһҲܲܡºӶ롭˱ˡԼ̰ģַæͣǲᾭ鷳ģʱԸ̵ǼУġ
ֻпؿڣʲȥɫڵѿ
ҪŲʵĻˡʱô͵ܵиɵ컨ȴûɵ
ҪϾͽϣϾ˭Ҳϡ
Ѽ컨ϸɵǺ¶֪ıĸ֣ӴҾ͵лŴȻ֪ĶðҲ֪Ķ˶١
ѽɵŸѺˮϣղײգǻϡŴĭӺɣԸϸɵˡ
ַȴ˲ˡ
ɣҽû׼񡣡
ַͷһϲǡǾǺ컨ҲˡúúãżһҪӡһʹɫϹ͡
˵ţСܽϰ壬ɽˡ
ɫô
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ҧȥ
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ɫְֺףкͳңԿ׾ȥСæַкһգ۵ĹͿƨˡ
ǳʲô°ôżϸɵ»
УѼȥʣѸɵ£Ĳضӡ
ûʲôأ
ַӵ¼һɫƤУŷͷƤ飬æطˡ
ԣǽϰƤУʱѼȥϣȻͷĺڰ֤飬196112ˣòʵ˪ˡ
ȻвһСֽƬ
׼ȷ˵һŰĺڰգСӤľӤԲĴ۾ཱུ˫գͷͷñɿﶵһ򲼡
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ǰһֱڳҲȷʵСȷĶΪĺӻݣ죿
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ַƤպãǹɹ֮Ʋȥ
ܿ, , ˵ţؾ̾侹С, ˵д
ַ΢΢Ц, Ҳýζ
裬˵иסԺ, Һú¡컨ק·, ġ
û¶û¶, ǲʶĴ˰û, õġ
ɺ컨ȴؿڣüúÿ졣
ܵü, ͷˮʪ, , ԭȺص, ü֮Ȼ֮ȥƬϡ
ַ䡱һʲôը
Ȼʧʱ, Ӧʮ꣬컨Ҳʮꡣ
컨ôһֱǶ̶̵кӷͣźüëڲգȥɽвɹ, ݻ˵Ŀڸǿγۡһͨͨ˵еѿũŮ˭ƬƯСϺţ
䣬ƬϵСǵƤɺ컨ȴ˫Ƥ޴ı仯ĸҲһϳ
еĺȷʵôĸùñݶ겻ҲϲϰûϳһҲɣ˵ûȻСʱˡ
ַԼر죬컨һֱ˵λ壬ϲΪǺӻ
裬ôˣ컨ԼţȷԼǲˡ
ַһѱסСԴѹԸȴ͸һһ
裬ⲻĶզڼңס㣿
Ѽ֪ʲôʱݣƤС
ַҲô˶ˣǼٿƬ˭
ҽСʱ򰡣
컨Դ²ƬϵСŮޣҲͰ.Ÿ´ӣ˵ʵҲϲ־е񡣡ð׺ƯѽҲǵûдĿӣסСľҼǵãֻ󹫼ӣָͷ
Ѽչȥ˵Ϲ۾ã㲻˵Ҷûע⡣
ַĵɵӣôСôɵƬôܿ帡ϵĹмָͷ÷ŴҲܿ塣ңѰֻĸָͷצǷǳġ
צǳϡУһΪצҪ˷֦ͷŮӤϴԢ⡭ؼǣͷҲҲһֻġ
ϸڣǺӸֲĵӡͯƬ
Ȼ컨üͷԽԽųϤָƬ󷽵ӦаˮѽǡǸ˭ԴǸԲ裬벻ˡ
ַѰ಻ס§ɵѾͷûԲ˭ǶԲ㡣
һ뵽ϱΪ˻Ű޲ôԽȥǸԼֻһͨûκλµŮƾʲôҪΪϵͳĿꣿ
һҪɷϵͳ
ͷ䣬Դ䡱һ·ЦֻתӼš衱ôˡܿһһϵ죬ż飬ʲôҲ˵
ͷۣۣۣۣۡʹͻȻϮĵѹ˲ѹ˵·𶼱ˡ
Ѽͺ컨ŴģɵˣҪ裬ɴʱȴزѣ·һʯַ·ˮĺ࣬˲˺ü
ѼվӴҲֵȥҳ
Ѿܵڣ顱šɻϹӣǼ֡ѼڳѸٰ˵ˣϴֳϵĶж£ﵽſڡ
ŴҲϱģŵһӦС
ôˣ˲ɣ
ַ֫ٺÿһϸ۵ģʱѾоʹֻӼѵĶ˶ûõģȴˣֻӺĳִ·̵Һס
²ǼˣŴƳѪӻƵĲᶯҲżæò˵סһֻݺĨ˲ӣ˫˫뷢ûϢغաĨʺļѪճһ鼦ëõַͷϻ裬дʡ
ַ۵ϣӲᶯ
Ѽţõɱ裬ϻѪֱ۾һͷײŴϡ
㵸Ŵײͷת򣬵ڵأ촽¡
Ѽۣ𣺡裡
ҡ֪û
ѼһͷСޣƽʱչĳüëʱѷļ⵶ֱͦͦبš⵶ͷֻɵѪ۾
ַȻۣĿͷ£֪ˣԹ̣ŬԼѹŴӺＷһѼ
ˣ£ֲȥҽԺϽתͷֲ衣
ϴϽ.ӣְ˽ŽַϣſڵֳϣࡱҽԺܡѼͺ컨׷ںͷ
Ŵð㶿뿪ķȻӳΪ¸죬ɴδһëҲ
֪ĸڲԣֻ֪Ҳһ˵ıˡ
ҽԺûҶ˵ֻ֪˿ַͣԷҧͷһͨѪѹߣ
λҽϴγһܡüʮַӲת촽ңû¡
ϴǵô𣿡
ǣá
Ӧָת˾ʹ֮ʹ𣿡
ַͷûϸ˵
Ѽͺ컨æ˵辭ͷʹʱǳŷʱǸŻʱ˯ҲʹܺϢá̼һͷʹĪס
ϴü˼ģȻʿʲôûһһغɫҺϡ
һһַԣ˵ˣһҪҪϲһҪҪԶֱź
ȥַǹɾʹȻ糱ˮȥʱֱźĶˣ費ʹˣȥ
֪Լô£ԸٻԩǮ˴Ժ
ϴؼȥˣѼǣҪҸӡ
軹ܶԩǮȴ֪ˡ
֮ǰ࿴һӵģæ㻨Ǯӡ
ĸҧŴӽţûˡַȴ֪ûӦڼҡ裬һˣ˵ûɶ¡
Ժﰲúܣû˴
ַѶӽеǰ½һ̲ͨõңǰħأˡ
ѼһֻԼ۾ġ
ַ޷컨֤㿴Ƕأɱǹ治ǹġ
컨ѵʱ龰˵ˣȰ˼䣬Ѽʱڲѡ̴Сɶö᲻óͲ֪Ǻá
ַ֪ǸɶõĻᣬæӺɷҵ˾ǴˣϴǸأִԲԺֻԽԽ࣬ѩƵİƷԴ
󣬽Ǽ̷ȥûͰŴüЦӻġ
ַûѼֻǿź컨Ѿ԰ٷ֮ʮ϶컨ǽȻϵСεֹԼ֪ϰĸɽҲȻףʱڸҽԺȡӦõһʱ֪Ϣ
ɺ컨ôңҪôƲ塰ɣ
ϰѼϲ֮飬Ҳͨϸɵʽάȹιϵɴ׼ͻȻɱֶŮġҡɵϲˡ
˵ϸɵ˲ŪǾõġ
ϰȻի𣬿ɲķѰѰƱֶŮȻͯϱν졣
ַϣȥͨСյĵ绰
Һж󣬽ɽһߣðաһϴ󣬻صأҪѼð


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ҹˣѾ, ַȥҽԺſڵĵ绰СҽԺ漰ϲƵĵط, ۺʱ϶ϵķ
Ȼ绰лûȡ
֪ԼôͨСյĺ, ôӲͷƤѻ˵ģֻǵùҵ绰ʱ, ȫʪˡ
ַųص˫ߣһ, Ҳѹܵ, ڵĹؼ, Ŵ˵ĵǷʵ
ô֤˵ģʹ컨ԸΪ֤ԷҲֻΪպѡ
Ψҵǻġ, ֤׵Ψһ
ˣĵ绰ͨû
ַšһ, ˵
ʲô¸˵ܸܲѽ
ȥȥȥ, ˵¶, һ, ˯
Ѽ۾鲻Ըط
ַ˯, ɳãõ˫ȷϰѾظϣûü컨˵һĸŮһþۺɢ
˯Сܿ߶, 裿
ִַȺţˣ
컨ЦЦŰɣðˡ
ַһֱűѽ磬Ѹɽȥ˯ĳ¸ĵģʸвã򣬵ʤů͡컨ůڵ·Ҹۡ
軹𣿡СַԴСƵĴ¡
ˣ컨Сް
컨ֵ§첲Ѿȫλ衱ˣԼ¿˵ˣʲôѣʲôϷһһʮ
ַ᲻⺢ӡ
иϢҪŶҹҲ庢ɫֻо·ġ
ַһҵְˣرϲˡųڣоԼ첲ϵ־
컨ԣ˵ꡣ費ǲҪ㣬ҪסߵĶ㶼ŮѼĽ㣬һҲʵøرӡ
컨ųųʣ𣿡
ƭѼѽΪģַṴ˹ָϵԶ䡣
֪ΪʲôĻΪװְֳˣѪҲܸоΣգϣȥǳ࣬ȥܶطܶꡣ˵һ۾һ档
컨˸泯ǽڡ
ַ֪ʧʱ꣬ôĿһ˶ḻĸɽ˵ֻǸİˡ
ȥװְ֣ô
컨һ㶣Ҳȥ𣿡е㼱С
ַЦã⺢Ӹ黹Եְ壬ְֵĵܵܣֲ˵ĶСʱɲͱƬµģÿ첻֪ٱ顭ĺϲ㡣
컨ǣϲ˭ˣһҲϲĽ塭Ŷ塣
ַ֪Ǹڣ˵˺ܶĺûһδܿ죬컨ȥûôˡ

һ󼱴ٵͣſڣַϽ
Сմֽţ䶳ͨ죬ղ֪Ǽôţȶ仹졣֡㡭˵ģƽƤЦſڱտڡֽ㡱ˣҲ
ԼҺӣ˵ɱ˵ĶС
ҲַشСաˡ˳¥ȥŰ캢˵ķ䣬һѽƿ
ַ˿ûˡ
ҺáСȻզզ˵ݻͨڵءԿ϶Ǵ.һߡ
һʧɣַ̾ѼΪĶӣҲ֮֡
䣬ðˡ컨۾Ŀԡ
С˫ð⣬ǰţԽԽüë۾Ծǽ˰ǰôôϹ
컨⣬Դʣأ
СɫΪΣ˿ַڳϣְˣȥ㡭
Ǿȥɡ컨´һһҲѸ㡱ӡ
Сһַ֪ͨ˼빤ôһƯŮˣô͸.մϱ߶
ϰ岻ֵ
ַæʰ˼·Ϊ˰ӵģѺҵ˸ϰһҵ֮ǰ绰ȥһС㱨
컨۾ˡ
֪費᲻Ҫ

üߵҲԼ˵ֺܿ˯ȥַȴ޷ߡ
ڶ죬Ѽֽ㲻ڣַֻҪ֪㻹Ϊҵ˶ˡΨŴ˲ɥ
ǸϰǺ컨壿
ַͷ
ҡҡꡭѼɵðңΰϰ𿴱ĬԳի𣬿ǵһĺڴãҲĶ֡
ǸʵʵĺˣַҲ֪
ʾĪҲѹѵźá
ȻϸɵˣǴȥнװҲˣֻı·سǴСת˸飬ֻʮżҷװ꣬ŮٵĶУҪسɵϡ
ڱʼǱϻ˷򵥵ĺصͼѸλñעһյſתתõũóгõľȻװ
֪Ůװһ˵ʱصľǺε
ͬʱгϵŮװҲǳѿƬгĿհǿϲġַϣϾ˻Ʊ
˵Ҫȥнװ۾ɵͭĿУֻǸʶȴûɶʶũ帾Ůʡûȥأ
ȥ˻᲻ᱻ˹
᲻ʹ˲ٻ
᲻ʲôҰ˹죿
Ѽ˭

ǳȴһ仰˵֪ϱƢǸǵģֻѼʹơ
ַԶӾĶˣԼµĿġ·ߡŵ㡢Ԥƹʱ佻ְѿ񽻸˵õǱߵĵϰ˵绰
ѼĴӦˣϲ轫ƽȵӺԴ

Ȼ󣬵һͨʡ·ǵʱ賿ĵ㣬޿ҲҳվֱվƱˡ
ǵǧ๫ַӲϼҹֱһ˫С׳ܲż³Ưֺλϵ˶ڨ֪ԼϵǮܶҲôҸ˵˵Ա˵ݵĶ
߳վС˿ûβˣһ·εĹǮȻõģϳҸƱԱλ£˻Χˣؿ󲿷
ǼѧһǻԲͨ˳־ƱԱܿ˵гĶ·һ˳ĵڶվһ
ַмѡ
ȥװأ
ַҡͷûǱ߸ɻǡ
⣬Ʋ¶ס
˳һ¥ߵɫԲ롰ءӡϦ.ӲӵĹâſڼԶŮŮ⣬ֻǿĿͼһ
ַ߽һһŮӭеߣӣ˫ϽӲֱֱҪϺʯ÷ŸУȰٻ̵˺һٶأ
ַ㣬÷ֱһ飬˵ٿ飬ʱզ಻ѡ
СӼԼһ֧æߣϲ֧𣿺۹⣡ʿֻһ
ַһ㶣ӹϸԿ϶ǸһģһȻһļ۶û
ӷģֹʱ׼ˮڵĹ̨ĵضòۡ
ԵŮ˲ˣҲ·ֻǲϹ˻Ƶİ׵̵ൽַϸĲһҪͲס
˴Ů˳ŻǵÿΣСĹǶأһܱ㡭
δ˵꣬˴׷ԼϵĶʮɫ廨šַڻϰҹ˫ӦӲϾϲ
صһоһֳĳңϣ
ߣ֣С֣ȷ~~˳˵һ䣬¶࣬Ϻֻܸ£Ͳÿˣ21տʼÿɢ

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Ÿڼʮװĵ, , ųд
Уصдţë, Ϊȫص̿׼ġҸ·ǮǮν, ַ˼ұضΣҲסȥ, Ȱһ, ϴˮͳȥҳԵġ
СԵҲ, ϺʳȫŲԸһݵ, ɰһȣһ١ʱ, һҵ绰иӴ绰
ȷȫ, ŵ, Ѽ, ү̲ע͵͵ܻȥӶͳһֽ, ͨһ֡

ɫɣɳ˻Źİ۾ţȴƽ
һۣһŵСѾ˯, ùƽŪ೵ӣһ˫°׵۵˶ЬŽ̤ϣ͹Ĺĵͷóҽ̲
ҽ̵Ĺͣڽҡ
ɽ˯죬ǲ
СմӺӾһۣ̽ҪȥʡҽԺ˵ܼ
δ˵꣬һۡ
СӸϽԼӣҷʲôƨһģһüë۽Сǵϰ洫Ѱ츳
鿿ϣ̫ѨϢ̾
ֽ˵һѧδأ
˵ɫˣ뵽ǸЦ̵Ůˣʱһ
Сɫ˵乫Ѱ˼ֽΪˣӦòյģܾǼ̫̫ż񡭡񵽡Ҳãʡǻ˼Ҳ֪ҪԶٿࡣ
˵Ǽģ
תͷ˿Сϸϸ֫ڲķɫϵɹ̺ۣ߰ǼҳԵĿҲ١
⡭ũ庢СʱҲʳָϲ֪˶ٴβ˵費ڼңͿʼϴչãȺ컨ҡ
鲻˵ؿСǣ컨ȻȻ
Ǹоϵߣ컨Сײڿϣ۾ѹ壬塣
ͷܣǼһ۵ˣ
컨һЦ¶Ž׵ݣô˵һĻѽҲǲǳңֲǵܵܣ׶ѡ
Ļ˭˯óЩǰìܣ
컨ܵ˯úãÿ죬Ҹˣ˵Ժÿͷȣҳһ߰ˣ
Сûסһţһһ߰ˣ
ѽҲ֪ǺܸߵӰɡ컨Ϊյ°ͣзۣ˵ߵÿҪٳͺˣȥҲû˸۸Ժ󿼾Ҫأ۾ҲܽӣԺ˻Ҫȥѧȭ
Сǳ鴤ڱش߸һ߰Ҳټţָ׳Ĵ椻кãͲѽϲֽģһˣŮҪǿߡȥȥȥʲôأ
Լţ鿴ϰһۡ
û˼ʲôֻɷнµֶŮ㿼죿
ѽ˵ˣڷãԺᡭᡭǸʽʲôʲô

ԣô˵ģʱ򵱾ǺġڣɶҪǰ峤ͨ˵վľù°඼ҴƷء
ЩѾү˵֮ϵ¶ʮŲŽ壬Ҳԭ
ǣɽˮ񡣡
컨ס͡
ʱֻи·ϡˢˢķڲϵˡﶼһСհѳټӵһģоƮ
˶ϰˣɺ컨ŵӣθе㲻ʲôҪҡŻ
δ˵ŻߵüûԶֻǸŻ
СæѳӦͣ½ȥֶŮǣ³ݹһƿȪˮڡ
컨Ż˼µɽŻлл塭壬ҡ衭ء
һ٣СѾͷǾ䡰衱ôҲ˵ڡааɣоͽаɣ£ԺúֲҲˡ
һ·˶衱ħͷƤ飬֪ΪǹӵģǣСŻƱûġɻ컨˼ڻɿ
Ǹһʶ
˸ɽѾתʡҽԺ֢໤סţ鲻Ǯ໤ң䱸ҽʿ۵š
컨ҲȥһۣԱͷֲƵġְ֡СſˡʮŮϲƶǶǸİ˼ԼǰҲẦ£οԼ㽹ġְ֡
Ҳ֪Ůĳֹ˽ɽǱͼþת˼໤ҵĵ죬ɽˡ
ƽȣ­ڳѪãٹ۲ӦÿԳԺˡ
ԺæȻָ˵СոҽԱϲƵƷǧл
վڴߣո֣ȥطˣȻںء
ôҵģɽϲ˹ӣִ֣˵ܼѡ
ɫһڣˣú
ɽ֪ԼܵܵƢǷŭı֣ҲûһȰֻǵȻ
Сպܿ콫ԶڽŮǣЦ죬аְְֲ֣֪أ
񡭡񡣡
컨ȴŲ죬ֻˮĿİˡûܳǼ֮ǰװְǻģֻǱ̫࣬ǰ¶ǲˣְֻ֡һߴܱıӰɲϵְݣʵڶԲϺš
ڴĿ컨ţҡ衣
ɽáꡱĴһڵĿˮæסӡ
衭ҶԲס㰡Ȼ͡ȥˣиңȴûչ˺㣬ҶԲסĸŮ˳ϵӻ䡣
ͳ˲Ҳûλ˵еġɩӡȥӣûϻ񣬺ɩӴѪȥҲֻĸ׵֪ԽԽĺ컨ȴǶ겻ʶ
컨ſǻʣҡҵס𣿡
ɽһ㶣⺢˵ĲŵӣĪǻ˼ңôõ
Ǽ˴òã
ãϲ͵ܵܣ˵ң컨Ǻԥˣȴ۷İ
ɽֿˡ
ʵ׼ȱλĸŮ֮Ҫһһڳ˵ΡͬʱҲ˵ҹҸǸŮûп
ͻȻĳĬ
ι˭
סѼ˵ʲô㣬ءСտϰɫ֪绰òø컨
컨ȴгѼʱͼһѽӹ󣬡ܵܣι˵ܵܣ
ҵˣü˶ɻأϷ˺þúþãܿ׵ƶ䡭ʲôȥУаûǶ຦ѽ
⻹ǸղǳĬԵСǸС롣
ҺܺصܵܣģҲģͻȥˣǡء˵˵ֿˡ
ֻԼ̫ѨͻͻͻһʶǵĸѾʤѪ
һʧһοǼ˲á
ǣϣ˸ѵľȥǰɡ
ɶСմʧɫʺĵطҪΪȻ˭ȥҵˣô
û뵽˼ƬҲͷãȰãȥ졣
ϰ壡СҪȰ䣬ϰľɡ
ɽȻС˼ȫǿаѺӸ˷룬ֻ̼淴ǱӦˣлᡣֻҪҵˣҲ̤ʵˣĶνȻĵطǼҡ
ңܵڵҵҪڸ߷УҲԶֵиӦԺѸĸӹҲһžˡ


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ַֻǧǮĻȴ֮ء
Ϊˡ
ص·۸񱾾ͱ, ȷʮǰͿʼеŮʿһ, ŮʿɴȹʱҲƯںǵ߿, ֻ߽Ҫ塣
ؼϷСĻнͷ˭һ
νĻ, ԲTǰӡֺͼ, ʽؾ׳ȸᱡ, ҲԵøʱС, ϲã۸, ëǮһ
͵һ
سλƽԭش, ũ·ݾͿʼ, ַѹûһﶬװ, ȫװŮٴСŶ, ţҲû⡣
Ȼ, Ҳ롣ֻɹʧܡ
гſںܶɿˣǮǾܰæϻ𳵣ʡٻǮָȥصĹ·ʮ, ·ؼˡ
Ѽĵ绰ûʹүүϻվүӻ˸ڵ֡
ڼСɽƵĻȵһ仰˵ܼҰɣ˵һʣ˵ҵɣҲûһȥء˼ȥֻԼҶӲҪǶţô
ַûʱ˼ֻѼҵдûÿûаʱ𴲱飬ûаѽ鿴꣬ûаʱȥȫõӿ϶Ļشɿ
ԺȥĻỹ࣬ӵѧϰϰٲɡǰк컨ţලӳư֪᲻ƹˤ
裬ءѼ˻ֱۡ
ĸ壿ַ̧ͷˣϤİ׳ɫϤĹⲻŵ˳
ַһá
Ҫᶫǰͷ塣˵ţӹϵĴҽ˵ǰˣȽźãѧҲ㡣
š
ȥǼɣķӿɴˣܵһأѼеֲԶֻҪǸͲ쳣кøС
ַһԴ㻰࣬Ͻȥүүš
ˣ˳һۣǺЦ֪˼Ҳڲ˵׵£ֻƵģʲôʱģķӶ󣬺תѧû
޵ѧ⣬ַĲڼͬѼе£Ѽⲻϲµ˵·١
һСˣСôҰʰɡ
棿СҲͦãҪ·͸ˣҹϵߺŵ˲٣ҪѼСǮҲν
˳ЦֻǰһҲ˳ŵҲ·ֻиڶС߰ǰˣ֪ڻвС
ַĿԣΣǰѿ֮ҲǿҪоˣСѧҲС
˳û뵽ôƽ⣬ͷ˵
صң˵վл˳ֱүӵֳȥˡػһæͷ󺹣ʪ͸һ޵ŴҲпǸڿˡ
ַȰѻűѷźãñʼǱ½ʱ䣬ʽСֱֻԼܿıǣ
緹ûʱŴʣˣַʱŷ಻ˣæǮѼȥͷͰôбˡ
ŸҲûɶöд
˳ЦسڵΣζȻĺáֲý˵պãȷĺóԡ
ѼꡱڰǷһһˮүүܳԡַĶӣڻû߷ڣഢҲǺõģɫ󡣺컨ͲһˣθڲɫҲȽϰ

˳һۣû໰
극ֿ⡱ʰŸ롣
ô࣬Ķ˲֪ʱַһ
ȷ켯ȥӱԡ
˵ݹһɾëϢ֪ô롣
ַҲҳɣ˵ϣӿǻҲ˲ٻҳʪëȥ˶ƵġëѼϴõģ˸µġ
˳˵ᣬûšԭ֪˳ôڣߵͲƽ֮÷ǳ롣
㿴Ҳмһ·һ׶ߵ·ѾȻ˿
ǣĶѧѽ
һھͺˣôѾѽڣĶѧ
˳ȴûб˿ٵ˰̵ŭݵǰϷΣйύȻͶ죬ȥ½ĵģϷֹġ
ƽ·˵˵£Ŀʹ
ַˣе侲ʹݣǳǸһ˿ɱȡֻӴˣվͬһϣǶ˳Ķ֡
ԺðСƵᡭţҲͽϰͬ°ɡ
ţϲϾءԼû͡
˳Ȼãǰʵʵĸ߿£¶ƽʱѧϰɼͦãصѧӦò⣬ºκУ
л˸廨ͷһ˵Ļоݣͷͷǵܶ໰˵ַЦ
ŴͷЦĲζֲǶϱֻޡһڣݡ
զˣ
үņ̀ͷĹĵģ̾ӵںóԺúȹ㻹УᣬӲҪعѣҲƽ
ޣզƽˣҶʬ׶ҲţĶֹƽȥ
ҲԸСüȥҲû
ͻű
ͷˣڴ˳ﻹزɵ̣ҲҲס˾䣺
ȥˡ
Ŵһа޴ܵԺﻰⶼֿŮ
ַμˣ޵ҧгݣ첻Ϸߡ
㡭⣬Ѽ̾Ƣ
˳Ϊ⣬ӦţҲûͣһСʱͰʰϣȱӡ
𿳵Ҳ֪Ķģ˿żż֮һͣͳ˼¸ˣʱ·ͷһңɱȵҶѵĺÿˡ
ַٴϰ湻ҵġ
УҾȻȥˣԺ¶˳ңѼҲɣڶСбš
ϣллŸ硣
ַͳţĵװĥųһͿ꣬ȻǸܸˣԼԺԶ⡣
ѽһţղˡʹңɵʱǳſȥģҲû˵滰Ʋ
Ȼգջڶڶһ磬컹ûַ𴲣ѳº͡ĻŮСŸʮ׼ϼǮͳˡ
Ȼسǣÿ塢߲Ǽգʮ˶ϼܴسһˮӺҪںӰࡣ
Ѽë¿Ϊǻ;ҪˮֱӴȥȡͲ˵Ķ࣬ũԲģҲ˵ģʽƷֶУַƽʱ
ֻǼС̯λΪ˲˾ͲԸˣﻹһũءַѿã˿鿿ӱߵĿյأϴӼҴĲɫƷ¸ˣÿʽƷһȥ
һ˲䣬ӱƮ׵ķ羰ߡ
·ĸŮ̲ס࿴ۣŲʣСӵ·ôģ
ַг飬ʽĶ飬ĸָҪĻĿһʽؾҲڶҡ
һӡֺͼİTʱС
ŮǮĿ鹻һСüʳء
ַڴû˵һ𣬽ֻ۰ͰĿͱ뿪г涼Ҫһˣĸﴺȴû
õʱֻõʱ
ߣϰʮ״ڸϻص·ϡ

033

һƣһ, ݳʱֵĻ, 飬ֻҪ飡
ļ, ҹݺȺܿ죬ԭߵ˶, Χǰ׻·ת
㿴, ǼҵҲڶ, 
, 촩죬ݳŮٶڴ
ַϱӿֱ÷Ķ, ֻóһļɤӺСΪ飿ڵġ
һɫ·, ַʵֳϿ, ʾҲҪǮ, Ҳһѡ
˵, 滬֡
һ꣬塣
һ, ɢһɹҵƷеĴ̱ζ
ʵַ֪治զأǵά޵ֻռũɻϰ˵Ѿ㡰·ĹЧ, Ҫʲôг򾲵͸Բɶģܿ˷
ؼǣ۸ͬƷ˶ˣһͦϲ
Ĳ飿
޵ͨͨһ˵ĲõĶ࣬Ŀһ
һ·һ󣬿ɲ͸øһ
ַһС·ǰԱǡ쳣ĿֵܿԣôҿÿԲҪǮ
ģ
ַѾҳһݹȥôุ׿أÿҪǮ˵㻰
СҲºߣѵ׳ͷмɫӹӣĻԵò޳˫۵ļ֣ڳ޲ڣҲ׷Ҫһʺǵĺ
òÿǡַЦ.尡ôôÿ
ҵķӦѾ˵һУСͳĿǮ·ҲˣֱӴߡ
ǮַЦÿļˣҲûȥϴһ
˸ͷ˳ˣֻҪԹĻˣҲмŮ˼ԣֻǰ˱ȾǮĻĻ˲Ŵأ
̫ԽԽߣַʮ·Ѿ˴룬ŷֶӿտգ磬ǳ緹ˡ
ҿˡѼ֪ĶðСɹͨ졣
Ҹɶ㻮ĿıûĬдˣ
ѽˡѼͷֲСҵųġ
ƲƲ죬㲻˵Ҫ·ҾͲ׼
ַЦЦСӻ֪ϽʣʰãȥȴǮȥǮܶϣɿ
һ⣬СǮı飬ҲҪΣ㵽ʮ㣬оǿ֢Ҫˡ
Ѽ԰ûɶģСɹð̣·͸Ĵӣң͸ź졣ԶпĴ壬̲סʿˮ裬裬Ա
ȥȥȥǮûѧ֪
ַԸҲֶֿʣæŻؼû˳ԷˮαػԩǮȻȥһˣҿŰ㡣ΪǳԹ緹ġ
ְֿʽ۶ٸԷһп

֪Ҫȥ·ŴѾ÷ʣʣ
ַʵǶˣҲ˲ʲôž룬ϳʣʣ˶θá
ŴۣһĲһٲãͷѻϹ
ַŭУʼҲԸҹģͷ¹ӡ
Ŵſڽࣺ㡭Ǯûǰɣ˼Ǯβ;ˣҲ֪ϱķ蹷Ƣ˵óõǼ滨Ǯ¹ӣֻò鲻ԸЭϹһٳһ˳ԲɱҰ
ַ͵Цϲɫ
ʮ·̯λϣЦˡ
ѼȻͬʱҧŴɫı죬ȴá죬ˮڻϣ˳Ҳˣʲô˱ûԹ
ַŭˣѼɶ
ĶǮ
뵽ʲô·һ٣ŷġΪţѼĿԸɳ·ԵëëֻҪܳϱŲ軨˶ı
дÿ춼÷űӡ
Ѽ֡ڣʱش𣺡ģһŴζһˮζغóԡ
˵ʲôݹȥһڲζһˬ
ַǰɹͷıЦã֪Լԩˣȥȥȥ˭ġʣסԺܸҪ˰˵ллû
ѾлˣûҪҪǮ˲˳߹ﻹ̧ɹðıҪŴ׻ˮ
ַûܾνӴ˳̺ܸߺ̹һѣûҪС
л˰ˮľС
һ˿˿ı¶ǣĸƢѡҲϼɶ
˳ЦЦϰôͦ¡ġæĻ͸Ϲ˭֪Ѽ˵·ˣѾؼҳԷȥˡ
ַЦУҲһʼͼʣʱƾ͵û䡣
İɣЩ·ӦúгſиСӾʹһҶ˵ÿ
ǵ꣬ӻǷëǣֻгһҲޣȻַʽҲˡҵ㣬˶࣬æרŹСͽܡ
ʮңСͽϡ
ַһ㶣ҲҪôɣ⡣
Ҵ绹ĸֶӣټҰ֣ʮһɡ
ַͷϲҪôࣿһɾʮǮĴء
˳¶ɬ˲еЦοѽ
ַһ㶣ǰɣʮߵĴ˵ȻУɾŹֵֹġ
ѼԸ°Һţһһֹã·ģϣ
Һַ֪ӵ뷨ȻֵһѪ
˵ļ缯һ㿪ʼӭ߷塣ǮﻹǮһҲġҵȵ磬⼸Ѿס䣬ôƯ³ҪĻ׷Ǯ
еһ
е
еȫСÿһ̫ûɽһټ·ˡ
Ҷ·ģһʮֻ۰ͰͿַͣǮһĽòС
·Ķģɱ٣
ַЦЦĲѴӳõڲ塣
ͬУ롱һˣõĵȷ鲻һ۾ͿУȻҪ壿ڲۣ
ӿɱ۸ûţҲ̫˰ɡ
ۣʡʣװۡ
ȻװҲǵ;˵ģϢСسǵķװȥʡǽģʡǷװ˾Ҳȷʵ߼۸ǡϻһ˷ϴҵĻԴƾɶã
ǼпǳԲ˯ţڻңΪǮŻүү̡ԼͶɹάɵ
ҽŽɣҲû˵ġݳǡΪͷ벻ȥȹݳǻϵϷõġ
ΪʻԴ֤˼͵Ľۣ˳ɱϳԹ㷿Ǯëȥɱ˷ѣַһټ·׬278飡
ڵǼһĳƱַڡ
ʲôŰ죬ʲôӿӣǰǶֵһᡣ
ļһٶʮĿĻȫ¹ӣһ̳ݵĽŹǣһը廨⣬浱ԡ
뵽ζַ˯Цġ컨ѾͷϲľǽŹǣ񷹵ĽǶ䷽Źɫޣζڼһܳºü飬ÿζŴ޵
ɵѾͷ˽ңҲΪŹǿɫˣá
ˣܾȱ˵ʲô
˯ǰĥȱɶСްڣԼͲöӣҲõ·ԣڼ˯ȥ̯Ǹʡġĵı
Ȼַ֪ǣ˼СʱҲ˼޲òϳظϡ


034

һķʱµĹʣַ˷ܵһҹû˯, ӶǮǮǮ, ֻԸǮԼˡֱԺ˯ȥ
Ѽ֪ˣԸĬĬԺﱳдҵ, ŴɨԺӱ߸ַ죬, ˵һ١
үӿѰ˼ͷ忴ׯ, Ͳ˸ÿ, ˳Ѽʳٴ, ûǮ
Ŵ̹ˣҲµظɻ, װûͷĻ׼½ַǿչġҳҶ˳²۶ϱĴҵ
ɶ, 㲻, øһشʳܵñӻ, ϲҪ, Ҳļҹǿϱģ
Ŵͨ죬ԽԽ, ýַȥô㣿ϲҪֲǲȥ¸ɶǵġ
ѼǱϱ¨ţ춼ڴ, ﵹǻϲүү̲ڼңﶼ١
ȻҪġҪôͽ¹ӣҪôֱӸǮʳؼҳԣԶپ٣ʣëëľ˳Ϊȷѡ
ȻַŸ𴲣ӵ緹ô죬ɶʱȥʳ
ȥȥȥΪҲ֪С̣ûǮʡŻ
Ѽ죬дҵСȴԷģԼǮˣһҪԼܶܶȷѣǮĲ˸ʮȷѣˬᡣ
ַõʳʢͷԵž죬Ҳˬᡣ֪ǲǴسǱڴﳤÿˡ
ط㹫أѼɣſڲ֪ʱ긾ŮСɣɫ𪣬һϴ÷׵ĵȷ·
ַǵЦ⽩סͷӿһֱǺ
ѼôˣСǳûϲˡ
Ѽšû㿪ħצ֧Դ˼£Сšƺ̫ģҲҽˡ
ɻ衣
ַǣ軹ءԴӰҾֻΣһѼʮˣŴ趼ô£ɲͿẓ̌Ҳûһڡ
Ϊ˷ˣ䡣
˵ǳŮĿɽҿɲǡǰͷҽŮһˣϧַڼң͸ڴ棬Ͼﶼǵʲôˡ
ǣַЦһϾȻĸĸ
ɻòڣΪǿԹѾͷҲ˵һ׬ǮˣҪǴ忴ǻ֪Ҫϰأ
ڵ̯·Ǯ£
ɻһ㶣ôǰû
ǰǰɣһ뵽ʮԼ޸ʮĴʣУѹµʣУַƽ
ʲôϵͳһӣȫǱٵġ
дɻҲдԹԽݣĴسסôӡСԽԽãܻû䡣
ַװû
ִܵС꣬ʮũ廹㲻ϡϴѡ˾֮ġ
Ѽ󿴿ƣΪСŻȻĺøУ̥ġڼ߶˶ţòƲϲˣǹԹдҵɡ
ַιֵߵߣ˵϶¥ÿ俴˸飬ˬӽƵģû⼸ôΪʲôְ򷿵ǮĶ
ֽңڿˡ
Ҫš
Ѽ⡭ţ
ɻ̽Դɶȥ
¹ȥַӵѾˡ
Ҫ¹ӣǾµҲȥ
Ȼɻ⡱ƶŮǸˣһ·߶ּôѣֲϱϸʪ߲·Ҳͷûҩԡ
ŴվһַҲԳţֻ˵
ƽʱǶȥ񷹵չ˻⣬ʱҲ⡣һ꣬Ҿӭһ°˵װⲻզˣ
Ӵλǡ
ựš
æкɰɻáŮгϢˣѶǿ󷹵ġڴǰţǣĻһ˿̶ԽԽͶ
ַһݽŹǣһһƹϣҲܹ
˸ɻȰŹǰһԸ·׹Ůǲóġ
أַֹϣѼҲˣίͰͿ裬衭
¡뺬ɳӰ䣬Ȼ˫۷ſܣ壡ҲԷ𣿡
˳Сͽ߹ϻǸСմ˲ۣһŨŨĻζ
ҲԷЦŸַкһۿɻ񣬿ˡ
ɻῴ²˵Ϊĸ泯ũһɢĿǹ˽׼еζӴСſˣû԰ɣϽϽٵ㼸ˡ
Сͽܸϰ£ַС㡱
ַûҲл˳ģæɶ㡣
ֵ˳ûԼ㣬ǰȨøɻԽбˢˢˢĸ⣬Ƕġ
ַǮֻǺῴɫ
һʵˡѼѧ϶꼶ǰɣ
ַͷϲԡ
ӣѧи飬ôҲû¡
ַʾϽ˵
Ѽĳɼҿ£ѧϰϰ߲ǰûãҪһ꼶ѧȱ©ѻΣ϶꼶
ַһ㶣û뵽ֲ
˳ĿעţҲе㲻˼⺢ȱţȱ˶ѧһꡭ
ַȻ֪ëûţܾԼǶϣԸⷢܶԡԲݽһ꼶ͬѧѧһ꣬Զ꼶۹⿴һ꼶оڸšžܵѧϰĻԣһַǳѭ
֪Ѽ϶á
ң˵Σܵһʱ֪ӽȣ˵ܸС
˳Ŀɱϸܵˣַ硣
ǧֻһ䣺ллŸ硣
һЦ⣬Цͳǳǳˮ·һһڱ̲˳ֻʲôը顱̻ǹһǹǹϡ
Сͽܷ׷壬ֽŸиػľȻһ㡱һɩӡҺ
˳֪ʿɶֹֹǣͳֽӣϰ˵㱨ȥˣһ1ҳСʦС
ַ˫ֽӹֻ޲ǧлԼʾ֭Ҳû취¶˼һ仰Ȼ͸׵ģҲ̫˰ɡ
֪ӵͷˣѼ·Ƥ򣬳ԷҲרģץ
Ȼžķ¿ӣſȥǰܣһûӰӡ
ַһɶҲ֪ɵַʲô衣سǱ죬õĻ߶һȺ˿Ϳԡ
ɻȻۿҰ
ַϲ̨棬ģŸ¡пֽһ¡
ɶ̵ֽֽ̲ģɩӡŶֻҪȥŸ粻֪أСͽɤŴףһ˵ˡ
ǣŵĳЩ˽ţСշһѡ
쿴˭ѼŸȹӵŮˡַܵǰ
컨
裬Һѽ㲻֪ҡҡءСѾͷ˽޵·ί
ַĶˣ˳ôôء۾ȴſڽˡ
ϰ컹һ߼װƤЬǰһ˿
СˣӦþǺ컨İְ֡Ӧøˡ


035

ɸ
ַ롣
һɻŽϰ·Ǽı飬ʱһͷ, , ȫײһˡ
ַ, Žֵһ˵Բ, ־ַ̫ᣬֲôıߺ;
Ҳж, Ļɡ
뵽ϱԼΪ˱, µ¡ǧ
, ֪⻹ԶԶǷҵծ, ӵծ
˳յԣ⣺, ˻صɻ
СͽܸʳƵ, ž³, кˡ
, ҵˣԺп氡
ɻЦü, ֺλüŷȥ
ղδ뿪תСտϰͰɽֿεַֻܵҪֽæ, ȥ١
컨һӻû˵Ըסߣֻһ裬ҪҪؼң͵ܻܵؼңס·ӡ
ַͷᣬסС֡
úӣַ췢ģһҹŮ
ƽô׺ˣʱȴɫ糣ø𼱣ƽӣʣȸȥһ죬סٽ
컨ΪЦȻֻһ죬ѾǳˡΪ·Ѿ̸ԺҪסҸڣҪܿ裬ѧøѼһѧУ
µĹ۲죬ܺ˵ֻҪĨĨᣬʲô¶Ӧλְ֡˵߻

Զ֪СӵϷжḻ
֮ǰɽϿҵضַ˵ллллúôȻҲллѺӽ̵ôá
ַҵҲˣǣһһŮѼһɻû˴ҲԾûȤؼȥˡֻһ·һ·ĥϢˣѷǸ
صң컨ҵóӲҪ飬ְѴȥ··óǵܵܵģһһ롣
ԭڸʱСտǼִ·ȥٻ̳µģӲһԸľҪһѼģȻͲҪ
ַǳ鴤
ѼǳжŽ½ǣѼӲҲŲҪ·СֻҪֻҪҪѧˡ
⵹ַˣøѧ⡣뵽ϰĿ⣬е㵨ӣ֪ʱˡ

һߣûȻֵ˶ûûζزͣʼҷӡ
ǰûţҲûسǸ֣һҲûķӡˮεмԽɾ뼯вԶԺеóûƷҲ¥
Ҫƽ־Ų档
ǵģ档
ǵ͵ı̬ǮʲôҪõġװƤЬõĹġӣһΧڵãõʱԸûںĲòϣбںˬˡ
ǵ󶼹ˣ͵졣һʼ֪Ҳû׼˵Ҫѵֻʣ.õҽ飬ĸүүȫ貼
ǼҲƱͲã絽˵ͣŸãǽڵһȦӶû赽һ飬鼱ˡ
иܡԴ̥ʮ꣬ѧУӲͬѧһϲڴҲС洦
ΪĸಡĸףСУ飬﹫ȫһһ˼׾ݶˡмӴȴ.Ҳûһ
ȥˡ
ʮ߰ĴСһѿӹƨ.Ӹ˿Ųȥ
ǸԼǷ첹˿˿ƵĿ.ý˳ͨʹֵܣűȵԵ˵һ衣
̹ĵ衣
費Ǳ˴ģ޹أ֮ڡǮҪӻҪ档
ɽ֪ܵĲæƽҲû£Ժϰߣϸ첲ȵ¥
ȴΪȥķ󡣡
Сƨƨȥˣںзֵ꣬Щ˾׼֪
ȻҲ˵סҸڣҪǸƽɽĵܵܵļ򣬡ҹһ£Ժססһ
鲻ÿɷͷָһȳһͷŲ屼ҲУ㡣
ɽݵСЦЦһӲ漴뵽ܵԭЦֿɬѡ
½棬ҲֻǲΨһͷְˡ

ַæΪڶ׼ɫܻ꣬ô˭֪һƹƹҡ
Ѽȥ̼ҿǲڰᶫ֡
ûһѼܻ˷ܵҽ
ַȷϣ˵ĽżĽ飬ǡƽˣסúúõ
Ѽæȥ̽һϢư̰ѷԺǸھӿ
컨üЦҲܹȥԼˡ
ַǷ
벻ǽ˵ɾ͸ɵЧʣСʱԸ߼»ҵķӲ㣬󿨳ĸߵҾߡŵǣϣ˶ʮ߽װ޹ʮ䷿ĵذשǽָֽһȫõĳһгˮͰ䡣
Լһ̴̴ֵ˵ǷǳСҶ̴ڻ˷ֵ塣
ַҲ˵̴֪Ǻųơ֮ľľģеӡСҶ̴ǾƷٶȼųһ֣ųư˰귽ɲġţæȻһֵɣ֪жٸ֣˶ꡣ
ؽһĴֵָģøźƵģʪëг׽ĸ֦мƬҶһҪֵı˹ĵöᣬһҶӡÿ޳
ؼǣ˵ŲŲһˮô죿һ꣬Ǻöö꣡
ӻûûϢİܼҰ
ּҷӱʹԺҲһҹ֮䱻ô򣬻Ȼһ¡ǽ廹Ǻשģ޶
ΧھӱǸģСûھƤЦÿһٿѣһ»ö࣡
ǮʹĥܣǾǸĲࡣ
ַһʶϰ壬ܣҲ񡭡ĺǮ
ڹ˶Чʸߣֻһϡ
ڶ죬ַȥ˼СȻ˳С꣬ⲻ;緹
ֻⷹ˷ʢͷˣССƤ˽ŹǺͼɰ
ģ
Ұְȥư̷ģġ
ѼҲæǲһͼﻤŵġ
ַһڷںްɣͦãǲԡ
ܸлˣɱҲҪԵĶԲԣǸô࣬˾ҪˣԺʵĿУô趼Բ꣬˷ѽ
ͷߵӦ¡
ַ֪ҲǺģ֣һ˼һǣֱ߿
ŮԷҲǵ羰ߣټްߺȣִһ⡣磬շ磬ǰȥָܶҪĻ
ַһ컨ˣѼǮĸæôĻᶼûС̫ɽһ˱Ȼȥһʮȼƻ˶ʮ
ַ˲ѣԤУҪʼʱתˡ
صûƽҲˣġũóг˽ǡ㡢Ƥȴϣ±˶ʮƴʮƮ㡣ټӵźƬˬڣϻðݵˮ˶Գˡ
Сյ͵ʮ±᲻óԣȥдϰ峢±⿴ɫҾʿˮʵûôš
˶٣ϲ֪Ħʲôá
ɡ㲻Լɽ˵ǰһֻܹԸļ
ϰҪ治ֹӹ̣ԸҲܲǣ
ȴҡҡͷȰԸ˵
ǰԸΪҵȻһءˡ
ߣıܽ𣿹~ʱʵǲСҶ̴գҲûô׷Ҫ~~

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Ѽͺ컨ѧ˳Сʦ˵˳, òصѼȿȻĳɼ֪ͨʱĿ, ֱӰԼڰ༶
ַԼҴףܸܲѼŸСͬ
ð, ѧϰίԱһǶǸ߸, һſԻල
ַҲöǰڵߣллʦ
, ŵɼô
ַҲò׼, ϵͶද֢Ƶ, Ӧò
ôߵĸӦòˣðϵίԱתѧȥ, ϰɡ
ַǣͦƤ, һɱͷƻ
û, ȵһѧڿ
ַٴθл, ȻûɶʵȨ, ԺҲһֹ
Ȼѧؼ, Ѽ࿪ˣ˵ʦȫͬѧİΣúúñ֣ʦʧԸѰЬҳһʱֵĻ, ˷ܵҲ˯ˡ
һڶϼַڼ£ӡ
ϧڵĺػǷֻˮذͼСѧ⸽ûõĵ̣תһȦҲûĶġ
Ѿ˳سǵ𲻹λôãҲŰ˰ٿһꡣĻ𱬳̶ȣ׬ˡ
Ķȥ
Ӵƽ㣬ûϷꣿ
ˬһЦȥˣס
ãÿþ޴ʮ׷Źãһõ׹ҰַΣզ಻ѡ
ҿεֻ첻һ׺һˮô˶ǻţ۽ΣƵġǽˮĻ
͵Ůˣʮ߰ĴﲻһһǶţһʱɢ˵͸ζ
ַ֪ôͻȻˣֻʵȥũóгˣ·ԡ
Ͻ͵ߣȥɶũóгҺȻĲЦ治ǡ
ַһͷˮĽʵ̾ϰǶ׶ǣһҲǮء
ַͷΪǸлóӵԵʣҲöʡ
ߵ·ڣ˷ֱַ˳·ϣӵſڡڽôѾӽβֻмڰæɨսɨɨҳĨһ¼Ҿߣ˵ÿ쿪ʮǮء
»ţ׶Ѽ˵ͷֻиӡÿγӽԶ·ʱ޿̲棬˶Ǯ
ַ΢΢ҡͷھӣԺ÷СġѼӹģŲŻܹȥһͨҰΣҹʡרҵάʦŴ򿪡
ǵǸ˼д±֤顣
Цһ»˼һģ˵Ǽ̴ֵ֪͸ͬǿһּģܲ
ǲֻܶ㡣
ŽҴų񣬲СҶ̴Ӱ߳һ𡭡ϰ壿
顰šһɫ˵ӦúģȻˣȻıָǣλ衱ǻˡ
Ƿǲ֣ǳֵ壬жǶг͵ñ
ϰ壬컨ŶȻǲǹ֪鲻쿴ƤƬϳǼʱ꣬Ҳǲǰ£ԡ˱ҡ
N
ַԥͷǵǰ£Ҳ޴֡
鲻˵ؿ۾˲²͸˼ַ֪ŲţѾʱ˵׼ôǴţҷǳǸʲôģܿڡ
ǰδе档
ӽĽǶȿȥܿССԼ۾۽΢΢̣֮䲨תûŮɬ¶ǳŮ˶е
˿ڿˮȻƳߡĬĬ˼ľԸûϢ˱ûŮƵģûȥǰԸأԳ
ⲻ֪ž仰ԸԳ
룬ҡҡͷԴﲻʱ˵뷨ȥһ
ַһ㶣ղŻڳֿ׽͸ҽõĻᣬŽ˿
ͭɫǮһƵǽϣһ̨ʮſ˫۲ԱߵĵӻǳɫлƵĵשľĲ輸ԼڲƤɳ
ȷʵͦݡ
˴ɳ룬ҿɰһûˮ
ַæһպʣҪˮǿˮ
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˵ǸӹţϹˡ
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ƿǻһɫĻʹ֪ͣ𣬻ǶƽַţӵĲˮǮ
һʱ䣬ֻˮԺɨĴҲؼҳԷˡ
ȥˣ
ȥˣеڼܱ飬ǧĻɣָָԼϵ·
Ϊ˼ǿЧ⼸̫ʱ򶼴ĻϧкƫСеֻѩ׵·ϣѸû.Բĵطյǡ֣ϸĵطַǳϸһȿ㣬ƨ.ɰֻġ
æٴƳߡ
ˣŮʮŮˣٶľҲûá
ַѾϰֶͲ˵̬ȣҲΪȻĺˣ鷳Ҳ˼ҲûʡɴԸȥ¡
ȥ鵹޳ɣͷ
ǶԼ۾
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ָȴϥͷнɵţ̣ͷɻʳڣôң
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üͷЦֲأɩӡˣôȲ˵ˡ
͡輸ϵĲðǶö˶
ַɵϰߣæѲῪˮðѺľݷûûùЩŮˣ²Сĵһˮ߶߶ʮ¡
ˣһպԲεֱȴͭģЧãȥ̵һ
ۼֿ죬û뵽ҳֹʱѾˣתһץס֣
ɲɣ֪ˮûôţˮͷȻŲһˮ
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˵
źġˮͰ˴ꡱһҳ壬һͰ2Ĳ㣬ֻһͰµġ
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Ȼ󲿷ĸɡʿáû
תӲ輸ϼԿףɷ˵͵ҽԺƴ˿Ѿһϸˮݣͷ׵ûᷴƵġӴôôأҺҩС
˵žûʿע
ַӣܣһб⣬һ뵽ϾҪƣԴΡ


037

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˿˿, кȵʹУøе, ַȴƤ𣬶һ, ë
κֱʿѹ, , ˿ɱҡ
ַԴˣʿ, ܲܲ룿һȥԸ
ƻʿǸʶ긾ŮЦ˻, ֲ, Ӷһڡ
ַ, עͷ, û¶ȵɫб棬Ƥһ˲ҿֹܿ, 붼롣
ȻƺʲôʵѼûɣ
һӣεԴŵͣ˲ѹûͲѼ, ûԴᶼˡǰ׽˼Сèĸèҹֻӽѣ̸ǺϴΡ
ַ˵¾ҲûעͷѾƤºôСҲѧһСè˯ҹѹһֻɰ۵õᡭ컹ǼŪ˵ˣ
ѼҲ֣ͦƽʱզզƤȴϲèè棬ҪÿصǰҪһ飬ϲ֪öС.
ȻҲŰǣë׷..۸ջеСֱӱѹڴϣǸ¼ӰھСһܣһ·ӵıѪŴۻˣҪȥھƴ
ַɲۣҪͷè˯Ҳᴳֻ
ȻǣƺЦ
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ַһ㶣ϲѣӦϰ塭Ļͦϸ
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ŴڵʱȻðټʣһˣȻ˵塣
˵ܲٲܲٵţŴֵߵ߻ˡǰÿλشĴ¨ض飬ξȻַ֣ƣȻðһȺΪ׵÷
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ûһүҲˣͬŮŮﲻ֪ɶַֻ֪ǳʱϹЦ
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Ŵüιû˵N
ַ˫һ̯˲ŴҽԺûǮ
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ͬ˼ҹģн顣
ԼжˣԴӱꡱ޵ﾡǲ˵Ļ棬ȥȫꡣ
갡꣬û뵽Ů˵ɶôŲ϶ôҪǡһʡ...
ȻܷԼô룬ΪѾԸθϻȣĵطҲ
Сվϰ岻Ծǰˣô⣬õ⡣
ɶõģ걥Բй
ϰҪҲͰˣ־͹Ҳԣ˼ֻΪ͡
ûķ·Сʰϴ»ѾοϰĿӡʮͷ..׳ҹﲻס⣬ֵֹܾġ

ַСӾڳ̯Ϣѭÿ״򲻶ǸѼҵලԤϰϰȻҲѧϰС飬ͬ
Чǳ룬һпŵȻ˵ڰȫһ45ѧܳǰʮ˴۾
ַҲ⣬֤̺ѧϰû⣬ѧϰϰߵ⣡ǰû˹ܣӲдͥҵڱ޲ţڹ涨ʱдҵĵĻë
ȻҲҵΣΪһ꼶֪ʶͬͬѧѧһ飬ɼͶȣǿ㼰ѡ
裬裬˵
ַûͷҲ֪СʲôûŶϷôѧϰҪԸ򡣡
ѼƲƲ죺˭Ҫ˫ֲװһקס裬裬ҾҪҰͬѧкüˣ͸һ£
֪˱ȳԱ棬զѧϰ
ѼŲӵȾͱȡ
Ӵǣ˵ôȡ
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ҲаСӣĩҪܽǰ壬Ҹ򣬵ÿֻСʱڿԼӵһС
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038

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ɽΪȫ, ҴءȻﻨ㣬ܻ䲻ðذ, ˵޵ɽ軨£˵ġ
Եʻ, ԹνǳηѼҲһ̬, ûб߱߳Ӱˡ, ˪Ƶġ
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ǰ, С˵ʲô, Ŵ϶ĳַҲܲµ
ʱ׷, ·ϻꡣ
ĹǰŴڳʵĴƻƳȳȵĴ㽶Сͳ͹ĹĵġԪ, ۼˣЩԪͷʡôôίԸ
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Ȼ˿ַȴЦ
Ƕû飬ķĹȻ벻ĳ
үҲӣȥԺúȺðʡ
ȥ·ϣûʱľģ䵽ͷַѼԭ·أֻϵûѵĺޣָԺ
λ֪ʲô֮𣬲졣
Ÿޣ˵ˮûһڣͣȴӲ϶û¶١
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𣿡ѼȻʡ
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Ѽ죬ĽëһһģָűҴء
ַˣ֪ôش
˵롣ΪѹûĸΪҲΪԵ˵ɲ
ᣬְֻ㣬ǰѧѧþǶŶ
Ѽܱ߶ѧϰ£Ҳû룬
ʣ𣿡
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ҾҲǣ˽˲Ųƨжۡ
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ڣŵȻһҹ֮䳤ˣǲ䱬˻ǵ˴㵲ѡȻʱ򣬻ǵƤᡣ
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ŸҪ֪֪ˣ⼸˸󵥣æúܣûúóԷˡ
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죬һпվ͵й棬֪ǵ㱳ô£ضκõĶûõģʹУҲֻ߰ƽСطԺҵչ䲻
һ죬ҲǲǵڼҽԺſڣ˳ŵ绰ǰСߣͷЩ񷿣ûκ档
Ȼ߱ϵļ
⡱ɷ裬ŤдϡһǳС󷿣ɫשǽϻǽģȻûԺӣִֿȥȻжʮȴӵģһȴһݼ㣬жټӣ
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Ů۾һҰ費ڼңҲҪã
ַγѣæ˼ЦЦԲ𣬸ûע⣬ûгġʼշУñ˷ʱһͨȴʲôҲû򣬲һʼ˵Ҫ
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Ů˫ֺʮžһ£ѽһ¥ǽװ͸Ĳ档ΧԼҷӿ˿ֲȥҲãʡŻңֻҪŲˣôװ޶С
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039

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Сս, šȡϰ廹װһ˿, ѡ䲻ȣ·ļ޹ء
鵽, Ǹ͸ķշųһ, ﻹȥ˵ס
˶, Цһ
ֽûӦҿһ, ⻹С˿ڿˮϰ, Ь䡣
鲻ؿŵӳǸзչ˺Ͳ֪ʲôŮһ, һ
ǰ÷ֱڱϺҽв, ڴĳСΪѾüδؼ, һͿѹ·
, ͸ķ۾ûŲҪյ, ǲҲҪѧķչ
Ҳ䵱չзࡣ
ϰ壿
񣬼ŵӿͲ÷չЩŪз˭ʹ졣
ϰ, ⶫָָǽһĸزָָڣ֪Ͳ͡
ôͣ͡

һߣַͭǮķĶվû飬¾Żѯһ˳˵
˭֪ڶ磬˳Ȼˡûٴ͵ĹһˬţпĻͷ̶̵ĸѧһǰһ
ѽŸˣ
⼸緢̣溦Ҳ࣬ڻشݴҩֻһڡ˳ҲݣֻվԺͳһֽ£Ҷ̼ҸպٽַҪ⡣
ԥһ£λΣڵң벻ԶҲ֡
ַȴѾǳмˣһ÷Ƚʡ
˳ӹźһڣţУ÷յò
ַЦеģһա
ѸǰǷǶ࣬Ϊ˰ϱӡˮԿЦʱЦ̣üĿģ˳ôҲſ٣ࡣ
Ķأ
ţ
Ÿ˵Ķ
˳ŵݹѾúֽҽԺ棬ͭǮд֣裬ȥ˽̾Сͷоĵĺˡ
˶ȴ͡һЦε÷ɽ𿡣
˳ڣôˣľִôԣ
ַ۾ģҲȥǼңɶ
˵Ӣͬ˳ȴӿڵϬ
أַҲ˼ϸĳ嶯ָоǷǳİģΪӴδ
ұӦȥģͦŰ壬һʵ䷴˳ͨգȫȻоȣֻʣٳǰСͽ˵ĻʲôʱֽȢؼҰ
ǰʲôʱܹ
ҲԼ
ַæͷʾ⡣ɣɹҪˡôƵģȻеɰ
СſڣȻеһĬĬŲĵҵֽ׽㣡ǵڼιйŮˣ
ѹ·ϼüȥҪȥû˵ĵضáϰ廹֪飬𼱻Ǹϻȴˡ
һȻϰ˺ò׻æȫؿгǴ֪ˣɿеȴǵˡ
ޣ͸ķɶǣǹֻмβ͵ϡ
ϰ壬ǻȥɣ١ףأ
Ѵ粽ţáߡƿţŹйŮ
ַһ㶣𡭡ϰ壿ΪǷŴﻹƣķҲô
˳ȴЦкãּˡ
ü˿֣գǿŮˣѼûڣ
ַǽϹӣʮһ㣬ôڼҡܸо޻һ֮ⲻھƣѼֻĻӡ
ӻѧУһ°ɡ˳ٴкĶŵЦֻ֪
ˣ˼ϸˣŵһ˲䣬Щ΢Ĳͬɵôͬ˵ֻ֪߲ơ
ԣŭߣӡ㺢㵹죡
˵£ֻǺ۽Ƕһ£ֵĶˤϣġ
ַæллһĳԵ꣬Ҳ̫ˡСɽƵĶһȫǽĸ߼װмӡɽ䣬ȥ
˳˳ּ
ɽǲѪֹѪյĺöѼҪ
Цţȴװ֪Щˣܶ඼عƷͣǮҲ򲻵
һ޲ðһعƷȥιˣԸҰ£ȡ
ַȻ˽֪ƢѶ˻ȥֻοҪΪӱס⡰ɵĽأæװܿĵյȫա
ллϰ壬Ѽ֪ô֪࿪ء
ǰ컹߶˵ôϼԷүүӴ˵ʲ
ûϹ˵ѼȷʵɶóԵĶ͵ÿֻнɽڣʧ顣
Ȼɫ
ߣСıȴġ
ϰ峢Ҫȵ÷ھţû
鿴ѩ׵Ĵ룬ڳ˳ǣһ
˳ȫֺͬȷֻᡰ๾ࡱһڸɣóԲóԣһ᲻³ȥ¶˵
˳ȴȳ
ַЦֲЦϻƨɣֻò⣬СƤǰÿϷҲĥңһ٣ʵˡ
˵ֱ˳һһ𣬷·Ӹδɷ˵£⣬޾ϸ
ӿڵ꼶ȷʵϷĺãҰѧȥˡ
ȴ˶٣˵ָָϵСɽ
ַ֪˼˳ſȥһɫֽӣӡŴġϷ֣ʱЦá
ĥ䣬ԼֽӴ򿪣ϲС
ǲͨСֹ̹˴ս߼ϷҲڱʱһͻ߶Ҫһ̨һǧϷʱģӣǵҡ
ַŰİװֻǷˡӴôõĶ찡ʱѧϰ
òײģһϷֵûصǰ
˳ȻŹĻᣬҲѼĴһɾѹˣһ˼ҡһҪѻϰ߶ɱҡ
Ƴһۣƺǲмͬ͡
ոˣַͷìܵúܣ˵Ѽÿģίʵ޳ɡһϷķһҲİѺθڹߴżôĶԺͨôۣ
Խѣⲻѧ
Ҳ⣬˻÷ĥһйŮ
֮ǰһ仰²裬û
ǲм·ʲôˣ˳ַԶԺˡ

Ѽѧװ˦ɳϣ緹ɶöУҲС.Ƶ˦ϡ
ַεĵһۣأ
裬һȻƯ˿װһ˫׵࣬ѩ׵СƤЬ
˿һѧڣɫ.۲٣٣ҲǸܺÿСԼҹŮƯ˵һá
ϴ֣Ͼͺ˰ǳԾ²˺ӡ
ҮҰϲԣҿԡ𣿡ȻС˾䣺СҲϲ
ǵȻŸ˼񣬾ǲҲú͹ȥġ
ľ²˺úܺãĻ˵ǡóֵִ࣬ۡ˶ԵÿĶ㣬Ψ顣
˵ϷϷأ
鱻ľ²ζѬܣȻѵõûȳԷ
ҪѼԼ£ġ²衱ã͸ķġɱҡá


040

ַæϴϴˢˢ֪ϰѼȥԼʲô, ֻ֪Ӻƨƨܹɨء
, Ͽ˯ȥʰﵹæϴɨָ, 硣
Ѽܻطһȥ, Ѿ˯ôȿŴӣϴһë
תȥȻ, Сܹ, ë̺ǵúúõġ, Դӻ˽ңҲøѽ鿴, ϴĻû꣬һѡ
ڱС顣ΪԶ, ֻй, , , ָϡŹֵ򲻵飬С
ӵž, ַЦЦѴһ죬ܿԺӡ
ϰ֫չһϯϣѵõֻһt, ͷһɫļϥ̿㡣
СԱߵСףɽ˯
Ļ򣬾ֻʣ紵ҶġɳɳַҲ˯һɵĺ˯ͷֻɳϴ˻ﰵ֣ϰ嵽׸˵ʲôȻզզë籧ϷԲµ˽֪˯ɶ
ܿ죬ѧͷֲԾˡ
ѼȻһžԾóҵдƽʱ첻Ų鲻ԸдĴβǼɹץ֡
дҵݸ飬ҪҪæ
ȥƤˣ֡
Ѽƨƨȥˡ
ȥｴͣҪͭǮǼңˡ
ƨƨȥˣƽʱĴβҪ޶ëȷѲȥ
ַƼˣСִˣڱʲôˮ
ȻֱҲû˵ôˣҲûѧҳ
ķĵȥȻܵܽѧУôˣ
Ȼ鱾̧ͷû°ʦҰ˵ض£ͬѧѪŽʦҽء
ѼȷʵȽĳַȷûĲ֣¥Ϸְ˽Ұ޲ñֵģԭλ

˴ʮӣϷսܳĺѡ
ַģҹ͵͵ݣ뿴û͵Ϸ˯СƵģ׶ѡ
ģʽ죬ַףϰԼʲôˡ
үӶܲסޣסˣַ˵ĸм˳ǵģ޳иڣĸ׵ĳԣܸܲ֡
иܽס˾Ͳһˣʵ治Զֽѵ¡
ĸŮܸѼܹϵֻԽԽõĽһŮȡܽסĽɫ˿ȡ
ַìܼˡϣЩͷ̫죬úΪʱ⡣

꣬ǵüȥͭǮڼңƯŮ˵ȥʡᣬǵʲôʦ
ֲôŴôʱ֡
ȷʵͦ˵Ů˵һ٣ãһǰ˰١
Ҫǿ˳ķϣַתˡضκʲô˼ҶСſڵıȣʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ҲͬῪЦضİٿ鶼Ӷࡣڲ⼸ٿǮˣǲˬ²˵Լ۾ͺ۸ǰɣ
ȻŮʿ۾һɣɶİٿ飿
İٿɶأûǮǲⶼܵˣҲ±
ַǿ˳ӣɵվǶ
ۼƨˣŮʿȴּˣɶ˼۲ʲô˼ͱʰǿԽ۵磬һҲһ߰ô
ַø£ͷҲء
ǡ˰ɣٵ˰ôķӣҪȥ˭Ⱑ
ַȻͷҲصĻ˼ң͹˼ˮŰѻѹȥֲ˳˵ͬȥҪȥ治ɱ硣ﵹƣô뺷Ѳ̫̫Ҳ֪ô˵ĹŮ
ڶ죬˳ţ֪ûɹΪΣҪȥʣ˵춹ġ
ַһˮЩĻе춹ģϻɶģ
һô˳ƢȷʵŹ֣Щ
ԭƴŮʿĸСŮʿһĸͬ׽ã켣ȴͬʱãдһֺ֣Դ飬ѡɵ絣..ҪְһѲѧĺսӣǸҴԶǰͷ糱ȻˣɴҶɵЩΪû˸Ȣ
һ͸鵽ʮͷۼСĶӹŮӶһסˣس˸ʵˣ޹ȥܵ
ʵʵͷɣСӲʡŻ£Ҳҹܣ˵մǮơ
Ҳ֪ܸɣôţû͸ȫصһС󷿣߲㣬ô෿䣬ɵúܡ
ַ΢ȥβڴ齫ĵطҵ˫ĿȫǺѪ˿ʺ۽ءóĵУ⿿ϹǸһ¥
Ǯ·Ǽù⡣
˳˸Ҳ
ͦɣ
˳еΣһš
ƺΪ䣬ǰû˴ңҼģҵسѧҲչҡ
ϧȱˣŮʿȻûټʹˣҲΪʵգ֪ĶһŮ
ַĵѹ֣Ϊ˺
ǵķùġ
һ£뿼ǳһģҽչܺӣ⼸ٳȥ
˳ȴΣһǸַûҪŮʿ۸ߣҲΪȨܲҲͰˣνԴСĵĵǸŹ졣
ϧ飬ҲûѰʵġ·棬ϻźһСĳԺȣ۵մͷ˯
˯֮ǰðѶӵϷûգҹ͵档Ȼܶ£ϴˢư裬ϴʱ򻹻˯¼ࡣ
裬ҡ¶𣿡
ַ۵ϴ趼ۣţ˵
ǸС塭
ߺߺ˵ַòۣôˣ
Ȼָָ֫ѣĺôѽ
ַʶҸһѣ͡һˡ
ʵҸ.ëģһ٣ϾͺͼˮƽšΪ˴·㣬ᶨʱùκƬһ£ϸûƵġ
ֵǿɮѾͷǰಲѾͷΪֻСǡ֫ѳӡĹ̥
ɵѾͷǲǺӣҸ.ëԽλʧְַʮһҪഺˣ꼶ûʼѧʶҲûֻԣܶء
Ϊʲôûأ
ַϸ˶еģǳı־ѧҲС
ȻæıۣסҲŲҪ
ַЦˣ㿴Ҳ᳤ָָ..ȾǺѽӳôëĶԲԣУ󲿷ëûˣЩطǻУҾзǳҪá
ʲôأ
ǣһϴһСʱס²衱ĺ塣
Ŵǡˮ۵ֱܼ̾ǣ˼ϴ趼յˮУƫϹҹŸڸϴ跿ˮûõˮһö໨ôԩǮ
ҲǽϰԼѧϰ
Ͻ˵һĿڴӲ𣬶Ƿ˵Ժһֵʮ򣬹ÿΪĹ˶üҪǻźҲȥأ
ֻҸ̣ڲµأÿֻĺѾĸ֡
ͬŭԵĻдŮʿѮһ죬˳ŴŮʿˡ


041

Ůʿ·˪ӣơ
ַ˳, ǽ, ˲衣
㲻æ˵仰, ˵ߣǰɣ˳أԶ̫̫, Ͳͱͱ˼дˡ
ŶŶ, , ˳˵, ˵˵һҪǮɶ, Ժһˡ
ַɫΣҪ, ˳ѾѸٻ˻⣺˼, Ͱø˵ļ, , ôװޣֻҪѷӲ˾С
Ůʿһ뵽Լġɾ͡Ҫɱ, ʱ۲ѣŵ㰡̫࣬ǽϲͿһ, ÿɨ;ͻϮ飬һ
źߣ˳һϽקס費˵㻹
ַİٿ鶼˳һٵİǣߴţ˵˵ˣֻסˬǩһЭ顣һܿͿֱܿˡ
Ů˵ֱ֣ǾŴŮʿʡ͵ĵƣ˾

Ǯҵмˣǩ޺ַͬʼæһҪʱ̯һҪӿװ޲
˳ָ˼װ޹ˣ¿ףҲ̫ߣֻҪÿȥһ½ȾС
µˡ̫˳
ܹ̾־ΡͭǮﲻڿڸ徭ӪĵضΣҲʣȲҲ׼áȥȡ
Ϊþⲻʵ棬ˮӸԽԽİ첻Ǳֲˣⲻж߶ܽһʱ䲻¶棬ʱͰ׻ˡ
ַðݣѲ˼һٶ鷳˳˼ϸ壬ҲԼ֪Ѵ̺˰ȥΡ
˱ȣܿӵġˡڹүҲֻһûа׵ĸ廧ûˡ
˳飬һθַ˾ӣǰԼ̫ˣΪֻҪнͿԴǮֻ֪ﳤһʣ¾ǧŰپʮŲ֪ĸڵء

裿Ȼ̧ͷḧ˸üͷ̾ϵģͲ̾
ַЦҪɶɶǵȻ
ȻԴûʲôأ
ַɷµģø˵˵£˳Ķдҵء
ܿ죬дҵַǳţ񷹵ȥûſھžıڶԭͥﲻ
ϲƽ㣬͵ţţվһǽð
ӴСЦüۣšһѡǰΧѼʶȴһ§סȻһһ䡰Ư·ĸ⡣
ַֻǵЦЦһֽϲƽ㣬СӰúϡ
Ц£רŰ쵽ǰһſ
ѼͬС飬һƵĶҲˡϲӣַҲĸŮŰӶ
ҿҲʮͷӾȻȢϱˣϱɫնģʮ꣬û֤䡣û뵽ҲһȰϯҵת
سǣǸŴͷ塣
Ȼ۾һϽſк
ôҸ趼˺ôˡСѾͷ죬裬壬·ܾĸ谮С
鳶ǣ¡
ַ񿴹æнЦŵͷϰ塣
ȴδô⣬ʣô
Уæ¡
ŶĶ
ַδ˵ȻæͭǮҽԺңǽôȫװ˲Ưأ
ü쿪ҵ
ַ̾ƣܲܿδ֪
ҺãɽܿͬŮ˵𻰣ϵΡѾòˣֻǰͷŶ׼ȷ˵һ뻹š
ַһͷܶҲѼӰӣҲùܣԲԣϻؼҲҹ
ϰ壿Ҹϰ֡Ⱥ߹һȺˣеͺŸеŸӣһϹֺõЦ
ϴæ˳ŵϣֳ
ַλͷġֱֳʶܱӷΪϱģ϶ǸӦû
ɶԷҲһ˫ϸУá
ַȻ֪ǿڽϰϣҲͬվͬЦЦֳã
ĺ·Դħһ㣬һȺүǻҿϰĿﶼдšĽ֣ⱩǻܰҵŮҲǫ̂档
ַ·ûöׯˣżбŴ󷽷ش𣬾졭ﵹʵġݡ
ܿ죬ƷȸȻ˲ˣԸųԡż˵Ľɽмĵȥúú˵˵ܵܣϺüԵġ
ֳϸͽֵתתȥȻЦСͬ־治ǵˣ
ַһ㶡
ֳŽ鼷üŪۣϽ㿴治ǵˣҽԺϻ˵
ַŷӦλϸܹعֳæЦݣ˭ҲֳȾһžƱߵǰ
촩ĻĻȿ㣬Եഺò٣߸ߵβ͸ѧƵġ˶һףһⴵһҲƨܿ͸ƽ
ƽܲܺ˱ˡ
ֶžƱȥÿһƽܣǺܿ콫ͷμ
ǹ̵İ׾֣Ҫּϲ»벻أæˡ
׾ֳװһȭ
ַȴЦѽԭǰ׾ֳҼ
ŶۣŮסǺ¡
ǰǾ칤ĵ¶һǴٶǰ⻹ǡﶼˣƨĵûˮƽ
Ͳסϴǰ
׾ֳЦһջŶʲôģ
ַϹԼװ˵ˣصǿӪҵִհ첻ԸݣȴڲԱĩ˻øпΪˡ
ô˵棬׾ֳֻˬӦ£ɣ305ҡ
ƽһתȻҪҵҵ¾İ嶤ˡ
ַͷĴʯ£һʶСˡǮʹܻˡöϰ塣
ͶȥлĿ⣬˭֪ȴ۽ǶԸɨһ¡
ǰܲףɽԼҲʶԼͽ˵ʵ̫ª˰ɣ
һŮôأûİ첻ִգûִտ˵꣬ʹ͵͵Ҳеǰ취ΪѸ׬ǮʲôһС
ͽסԺܲǻǮŴǾ޿ϱһףվѼ̣ΪѼҲøϡ
ôţѼԺҲѧ
Ѽֻǵ꼶ҵܸԺ꼶ô죿ô죿븨ʦǮסУǮϴѧѧǮ
ûߵʱֻӹ׵Ůˡ
ߣٳŶ֣÷~Űи磬һû~

042

õģ˰, ̽ʱ, װҲòˡ
һ޴ĺɫϰ壬ġʱװꡱַǳ, ӣһȦʵ, ںһӶ
ַӿһ顰ʱװסľ޴, ʵʾʮ, ֻҪ߽ȥ˶ܿĲʵ, ⵽ǰ׻ʮס
æ֮ҲûôӣһˮӲ̯, ʮʱװǰӪҵ
һ컹ûַ緹, СܵٶͭǮ, ·ϱܱ߳ӡ򿪵̾, ¶ɫز, ڹһȹȿ㣬ȫнʱ˿ʽ
ϲô, ʤڿʽ³
֪ԼĿͻȺسŮΪܱߴŮԣޣ˭ҲὲֻҪʽ
, ʱװص㲻
ȻСʱװꡱҪʵ
ѵ̴ɨɾָȹӰڷλã̵̫¶ͷ
ַϵĺٵġǡ˫ð⣬ƽԹ緹û
˫ֲΧѲһȦææüԡ
ַͷЦտԼ񷹵𴲵ģԼæ˯ŵȻûԷȥҽԺſڸһţǧлѩ̿
ڵţ¶ǣֱһûţ¶Цݣʰڡ
ǼգַˮӱҲ̯ȥҪҪѿʵ.Ѿûչµ꣬һŵù˰æˡ
ҲңûѣӣܳƵϡѡҲ˳һˡһˣŮ·ȰŮˡ
Ȼ컹ѧСŮ˿Ͳ
Ŵɻֱ֮pass
˼ȥľ飬ҲףͬʱöҲͻˡ
ԣ˵һͣʮҲм
Ϊ۸񲻺üǣַڹҳ·˼۸ǩְѱǩ϶ӦıдڱʼǱϣۼֻۡż۸С
Ȼٳǰ˸ĺϾ˷Ҳ׬Ǯأһ칤Ҳʧ
صңϷװӱ̯߰˼ͬʱøߺȣʱװ꿪ҵͷһɾۣ˵ۣƷ͡ѭ䶼ˡ
ܱͬжˣСϱ࣡
ѾԹַ治˭˽еģ˹ֵ̾Ķܲˣֻݱ
ȻַҲԵˣȸһ˴Ӧˮˣ¶´ҵ졣ʵǺˣ̫ɹڸֱӱӾͿС
һУһ氵̾ΪҺڣԽԽֲˡ
ʮ룬Ҷ½ԷȥˣŴŴŷ١ַ棬æܵ￴һ⣬ﻹǰһһ⡱ˡ
ͷ¼ϹҵҲǰʲôʲôС߰˸ȹıӡ
һЩûѵһ綼ֵİ.
͡ҴӲֿתɵˣ
ơƽ⡭˵ʵһ㡪ʱװʦδ
˫ֲЦЦֱỨðָһ·ϸıǩڲڣ
ַһ·ŷֺȷʵûдļ۱ꡣȲʣǶȥˣ
ǣҲƽ˭˱˶ӣǮժͳͷԵĳƱ
ֻ˵ҰֱʽЧǸܸܵġ
ˮӱкܶ̿Ķ쿪ҵ죬ǲĻ͡õ϶Ĵ𸴣ٵȥ˵Цӭ˲赹ˮרһƬϢνĶһ֯
ɫĴӸպa4ֽô󣬱һϴÿˡι̣صĶԺϼҲ㡣ؼǴ˫ӡСʱװꡱ¸ַֻҪȥһӣһ
ַϷ֯רŶģȻëǮһҲֻʹˡ
ȻҼʵװãʱˣһССġ¼䡱ͼȫգԹһ
ȹȿ۸ߣ᲻ģἸǮĻ˼һ£Ͼֶ̲ǣ
ˣǱȽϴӵġ
Ӳˣôӵôģ
ַɵ֣ô룿ǱƵģϱȻû⣬ɿĲ٣һصġɡ
᲻ᡭ˭ڵѽ˵˵ҲҴš۰ԵĴչˮһۡ
һ⵴
˭˵ÿܵԣҵһ˺죡
ûûȨ˵⻰ԼְߵĻӲˡ
ֲַϹôָֻ֪ܴܲװͿƽɫã̫˰ɣǶƿѩ࣬ϸȥƽʱעϢ
ССģ
Ҳֵýܡ
ַ̫˲˲áĵȻ͵ø㿴üĺô䲻ļֻҪ̫ԣװɵ㶡
Ͼַĳɱ̫ˡ
Ҫǻ˱ˣܲȥô·˵ǮҲһԵ
ͨһڣַ̬ɣֻˮӱߺȡЧȻãûü϶ˣҽԺ濪˼ʱװ꣬·Ư껹Ʒá

ɩڲ
ྐྵӶ긾ŮͷӴҵôȱˡ
ˡޡһڣװӺ˯ְһ·ϴˣһˡԺɹ޵ݺݵզ죬ɩиϱɶˡ
ջһϽõĽŴͦͦţϱòãҪǵÿ.̡ҼȢ꣬ñǿ׿ˣڻÿϷңļҪϴģǰġ
ʵַϴɾϴúõȹһˣ˵仹š
УԸϴɡ
ӵÿϴ軻ϴܼ򵥡
ڵĻʮ¶ˣϴһ˶Ҫɢܣòĵ¶
Ŵ֪ɲϱóҴߡȻʣ˵ûмҷװͶأ궼еã
ɹ긾ŮǵˣӶҲˣҲˣ鼸ȫŮ㳲̰ĵ߲·СҲϣͷ
ǣַٴȥ￴ʱɵˡ
ͷʱװۣ꣬ﰵⲻô𱬰ɣ
лģ˼
ͷòУǸ˿͵ģһһկ㡭
զģǲǹ˿Ͱ˵Nɲ˵㻰
ںͷصؿ˼ˡ
ͷڨڨסڡʵضַ֪ģҶе㲻˼ȥˣ޶ͬëĵкµŴȥͷ󣬾͵ϱϺÿϷء
ַ̾Ŵǲͻش壬Զ
ƽʱǧ˵ǹʹҲ֪
ַҧȺͿк˼óһ֯һ˷һ
Ƥĵ˼ҪˣʣǼǲҪ͸ңҼ˶࣬£
첻״̬ŴڷӦԭʲôԩͷʱװǶϱĵµĵطⷢĿҵǮδű
⼸ҪľȻ޶ӵëʱɤžʮ˴.ֳ.ʬˣСҲˡ
Ȼɣлأ򣬺
ܺãǳãҵһ죬÷̣ʱװַǷҽԺˡӵëϣŴսˣһսƣ󻹰Ѿˡ
ַǱЦˡ
ߣ~Ϊÿ춼Ҫշվվص㣬⼸췢Ǵ壬Ը岻Ҫ̫췢ꡭע÷ѽ~

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ŴԶ뵽Ͻôţ, Ȼϰȥˡ
Ժ￴, һ䡰Сøһ䡰꾫, Ĳζ
ǸŮôϣô, ļ쾭壬御, 㲻ѼҲ֮顣ֹûļ, ҳ, ӽ÷ź
ôӹ, αϥҲڸǲһʵǸŮˡ
һ, ʶô
ɽű, ʣ֪ԩˣ
ٴһڿ, Ȼ̫һ, ǸŮûϵ
Ӳ֪ж, Ĳ˳ʺ󲻳ǰûԼʱֵ̫¹ʲôӡѼ˵ˤֱۣҲ֪ǰǸõġ
ʺ
һ˺á
ֻҪȻúõģҲƽ, ˼ҺЩסɽûָɽ֪ԼҲˣ
ҪȥҸרҺſһйǵӹҽˡ
˲ڳɹףȹǼʮ̻һҪڡ
ɽ뵽绰ĸ׵ĽòӲͷƤ˼ǣмҲƺǾŲʣֻ˵ôļҵܵ˼̳С
龲ؿȻ̳С
ɽоȣҲ˼ȻվŮޣҲû֡˵ˣֶŮıȵù׶ӣ
۾ƺǳԼ߶߶˼ҽѾϵĲˣĻ
ҿŸڵСֵǲò㣬ΪˬƷҲ۰
鲻ڵȣ¡ȴɱĺˡ
ֻƤڣôԡ
ɽû˵Ůһ¶񣬵˿˵ܵῴ
ͬˣ

ֵƶˣҽԺסԺ¥ƻͨ
ȥŹϡ
ѼȻһѧ͹ſдҵ˻ϷڰҪ°ˡ
ÿĵ£ĪǮ
ȥ114ǮĻЩȻø¼Ȼȥ206飬һë320飬ٳ۳ɱѡҵ󹤷ѣҲ׬һ롣
Ȼ·̯ûȣţֻǵһӪҵûʽҵѾȡЧԺֻԽԽá
ΪǮǹѸ˼ңǰÿʮܹһǧ飬ǰСк˵˵ͬŷǳпȥûٲòһֽˣǳ㡣ֱҲͼٿǮǲõıɶģžС
صңŴɳϿ޵һϱûĿᣬһûʱզһһͷûʹŲҲιڷ
ʮ㡣
ַЦѼүүȻ֪ԡ
Ѽ͵͵ͷܽݲֹ֪ɶǰȤ˺ȻЦ
ַĵͷ˵ӻˢӡ

û쵽˶ͯڡȻѡвμսĿݣһͻͳһɫˮַɫ࣬ɫСƤЬȫʮСԱķװɷʱװṩһСſһվǵķ羰ߡ
û
̻úƯѽ
ҲҪҲ뻭
ƽʱͷ۵ģڱʮֻСѼΧţַȴ⡣ȻױģСԱҲҪ
Сˮˮģֻһ㵭ķۣüëһ£Ƥϲĸ߹ۣüĵ룬ȧ죬Ĩ㵭Ŀں죬ͱһȺݰ׵СŮˡ
˵ϲ·Ķ˵ÿ
ַͦͦţÿǰ椻ϴȥĻױƷóˡ
ձݾŵ㿪ʼַǣϵѧУȥ
СſѾвټҳ룬ӱݵġ̨ڴźһʮָߵĸ̨ϣ̨ǵãͺʱһ޴أƽʱ㺢μ١
ʱٳѾͷܶǰ벿ǰڷСʣѾϲѧ벿Ǽҳ͸ĸס
ǰ棬վ꼶ӵı
ûã½볡ȻԶԶĽ衱˼ˡ֪Ҫӣһֱû˵ϣݽĿ¡
ַЦŸͷЦѾͷ֮ǰ۰ͰͿģô֪ܲ
ǰͷҲûֻᣬôһлվ̨ϣÿѧڣ˯ǰһΡ
ַȻҪŬĹŮԪҲ
һ꼶ǰ棬һ۾ͿȺĶӣͬͬѧ˺ü֡ѼҲҪ̨μӼϳҶʦץŲ˲ٷۣΨܵ죬ѡ
ַƤӵ£ˮѾһȺǡƨɾ˶ƵģȡǳŮͷЦʯǽ͸ƵġǵһȺŮΧŹ
ַ۾죬ʱ׼ֹ
Ůˣǵ˶Դȭϣ˭ܵˡ
ȴֻ㣬δ֣޿ɶ֮ʱǵǹֵ˶࣬ʦע⵽ߣһŵԵСƵġ
ַеЦ
ʦܹסġ
ûһһλŮʦ̨һǻԲͨУ쵼ͽ쵼ַ̨תע⣬۵Ķӡ
ȻҲѣСŮһ𣬵ͷ֪˵ʲôʱʱͷߵЦ
ַԸװĻ˼ɫ֯ͷһ.ȹϸϸĺɫ߸ЬСسǺϷǶһġ
Ĵ̫ڡɣ
ַЦҲ뿪ˡֻҪڣϱѾͷȻ˵ˮ粻˶е˵ǸҪίԸ
̨Ϻܿ쿪ʼݣǺϳ赸ȽĿǿýζȿӻ˼
ŵƺǸоϵ.ߣͷѰһȦͬȺ裬۾ò񻰣ͦһССϳʱվһŵм䣬Ͳö
ԣúһסӰˡӲߺ͵ĵӴƫ˵Ҳ֪ţԽԽĶ
ַҲǿЦá
ǿûô׷ָЦ
ַװʶˣֻӲͷƤĴָɵӣʼհɡ
Ӻܿ챻Ȼһˡû뵽ССȻCλ̬֫죬һˮ֡ûɫǳá
еĸĪ֣ǻġˮ֡ƮسǴСѧУҲڷšǵ赸Сŵʦģе㾢˼
һӦˮַڱĺأһɷ糱
ĿݽȻָһݴ񡪡Ȼѧַ̨콱ĹŮֻû
ӵĶڲ죬ȡòĳɼַҳһԼֵˡ
ֻ˭Ҳû뵽Ӫҵø־Ȼȫؽ֪˵ǷװƷ䲻ģ˵ͬһ·ģҲ˵ϰ˿ʹġ¹ĸ汾ʱװǴȥˡ
Ҷ֪ҽԺ濪˼Һ³ķװ꣬𱬵·ܣ춼ˡĸ˶ζȥ
һ˿ϵġ
ټӶͯڵһˮ֡ȫСŮҪȥʱװˮַǶ̶̵ȹӣƵһ˫׵Ĵ࣬˺гŮı䡣
㲻ȥ
㲻򣬷װҲܿͭǮԭȵ绰жǻҲѧЬӡ
ַķװ⣬ڲٵķѩͳǹϣڲˡǵ±ڲ⣡


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ˡ
ַڳûɡҲ֪˭, ֪һš
Сտǲû, ֱƵģĪǽϰ壿Ŵ, µͦš
ɵĲ˳ҲûϤ, ǽ𡭡ϰ𣿡
㡣
ַһ㶣ͷһСͷ, Ƥϸ, һ۾, ŶʮͷģǶˣȴһֻ¨
, ûûɣӾִټˣ۾ȴĿ, Ȧ΢΢졣
󡭡
ִĴӦһ, ۾Ȼôƿ, 䶯촽, ˣôôࡣ
ܵܵһ˲, ַѿݽߵ֮ˮȻһ˿СĻԺ֡ɻֻ׺ӡ׷óԣ͵͵ָһ롣յļҲ͵͵һ룬Ҫ߸ĸ
ѧ, ɻû֣ѻ㡣
ί߳ͷԵȴΪᡣ
˿ڿˮɣôˡôȦ
׼ҹأСһ䣺˵仰ߣǿ
ַһ㶣ֵôˣ
ִЦЦһ鷳
񵱳Żȣ˵Űɷϲɻֻ飬ĸϱôģ
ɴȴ͵͵׷ȥҰˡ
Ȼ˱ѹŴĶ֣ûͱ˼ҵôͷɥޱӣģĺõܵܡ
ɵʲô鲻鷳ģڵˡַüŰ¨ȵôɶ
ڵģѼ
ַжϣֵͷ򲻵أʵʮһĲˣۼըǳóԣͻֻ߰
ִԼû鷳ҲԸ·ɾ
ַˣҼң˭ҲҶ˵һ֡һĥĥɶˬЩ
ִ죬û뵽Ȼôţǿơ
еϲ
ַȥһۣŹϣŰԹ̽ôôҲңͷ˶Ϊûء
ǲǣ˵
˵ʲô˵óȥˮ㻹С˵ɶɶûԺôȢϱ
ִȵˣеĽɲ˴Ȥ˵ÿ춼ܰޣ޵ǽһ滨ꡣ
İɣ˽Ͱס졣˵鷳󵽷ֳСһ˫Ӷģڲ˵ʲô
ң˵ô͵ҡ
ִֻеͷķݣѾɻ˵Ǯˣڼ˵һŶء谵˵еǮ񣬿ȴͦõġ
Ҫû£ôᡭ
֪סȥԷһ˵žͽæȥˡ
ִ¥Ҳݣվϴ¿һַۣ仹ͦ࣬Ҳ࣬ȴϷáͨ͸վڹ¿ķשǶ㣬ܿſڴ·ֳĦʻܿԶļС¥ԼһС
Ȼо϶һ.ȵߣһ
ǻԺӶ̻Ի͵˼ңмֵܴӰиװһգգڵֱֱĴͷ
ִվû¶ŵͷ㷣Ͱʹк㡭ãҡҡ
δ˵꣬ԷѾͷİͷתˣˡ¥ֱϤĽ㣬ӳ֮С
ôˣ׷Ƶġ
ûû¡
ΪԼĲòģ˵ֻһԼǲǲò᲻ָ鷳żʵ̫ˣܣŲΨһľǱ鷳
ַСƵԸҲ˵һҿǣŹˣͷкõƬС㣬磬۲ˣ˼۵㹽ǽӲˡ
ף㣡ѼŽִ㶣Ȼ۾˾ˣ
ִܳû뵽ǵԼӻͳһɫĳƱ
Ѽ裬ҽӡ
Ѽ˾˽ûǮȸô㣬ȥϷһЩòã
ַͷѼŻϲϲ£лл˾ˡ
ôҪȥϷ
ִصĵͷ
ۼ쿪ˣַֻѹɻ󣬵ȷ˵
ڻ񻹴˶ʮĴѵ¶Ц˼ּҵ£Ʃ׼ôæɶʲôʱ׼֮ġ
ĲһˡǰŴ޲ó˵ɶģǹҲţֻҶſĸѹǮ
Ůˣӡ
Ѽλ˾ͦкøУ˺ܶŹǣ˾˱Լҡ
Ŵòûǰġ
˾ϱȥˣǼ棬ҴϹ԰￴ȪкܶСأ
û˵ɶŴȲˣ˵ɶ˾˼æúܣôܲؼңǼҲûô̸ǡ
æӦͣԣҪȥġ
ַãʱŵɫˣžһ̸꣬ǲȥ򣬼û»ȥɶҿ׽㣬Ҽססá
ԴŴۣ÷զסһ
Ҫǻͷ壬סûҼҡģԴöȶţ̫Ż뷴죿
Ȼǲܵģ᲻ַſڵĺӡ
ȥѧУַʱѵܵܽлط˵ɣôͻȻҪȥϷ
̾ͣٲǷӣɾˡ
ּһסŶʮǰ˼ݶƬǼҵĻéݣĸŮÿӡִ22ʽ
أ
˵𣿡ִԸĸ̬ȣҷʣֻ˵ӹǲãʪ۵߲衭ǰһ
ԭɻּƶĸԭ
ַĳëϴ죬ȻƤЬѼǮ޸˳ˡⶼ͵ˣ˶ҺѼָ֪˸Ȼ⵱Ů̧ͷ
ˣ
Ҳͷ˵ɻڴν͵ףһӾЩ͵£ŶŮҲ˿
ﻹȢϱһҡͷ˵ҷ粻
ڣֻҪ˭ҶɶǼң¹٣Ǯָɲ˻ȥ򹤣ɾû·ˡ
˵¶ԥһ£ȷû˽ݣСǲһΣ
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ɶ
ԭԴӼ˳ɻϼʱרһȦ˳Щ˵ĸԾӣԲȡ
ʱ򣬰ëˣŴæ͵ҽԺҽҩѣҪ費á
ַֻ
Ͷ죬Ŵ绹ٽףͰͣÿ˸ٿǮ˻ȥ軹ҡ
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أ
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ַͷһøܵܰϧͱĸˡ


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ַû뵽æ𲽵İʱ, ɻȻɳôࡰ¡
ֽŲɾ̰ҲͰ, ϾʮѸġǣͷ˳ȻҲû©һ֣Ȼڹ
䲻, һܼΡʱǱңʱѼȥͷ, ˳͵ԼСʳѣǹķնͬ˵
ַһ, ıƭĸо
ָоǳ, 걻޸һ, ˶֪ȴ, һǸȥ˾ǹӡ
㡭ˣסС, 㿴ֽǲ
Сͽ̧ͷ, ߹ġϰ, ϰ巢Ѿˡ
˳ҹĵһ̨ڰ׵ӻ, ˣϾͺá
ַһӵ, 赭дסϰ˵ƿشֵĸоǱ
û£æ, ˵仰ߡ
˳̧ͷϴһֵͲôˣ
ڣæʣǲôˣ𼱣˵
СɹöγѪûģ
ҰֿǮ㡣߰ٿǮ
˳˿ЦЦ֪ˣ
˵Ƣұ˵Ҽʲô⡣ģ·ⲻʲôֵ˵¶˳ְǮƻȥ
ַ˵ɶɶ֪ʲô𣿡һжΣɻ̰޵׶ֵҲ
˳ʶˣæףժֵͲôˣТТҲӦõġ
ӦʲôãʲôǵģǮǴĲɣ
˳һ㶣ŭ𣬺ȻЦǮ
ַһ죬ʲʲô˭ֲۣǡ˵¡
⡣
³·κһ仰һ㣬ݣȻˮɡ
ӴŸڿˣǵȵûлˣ
ɩӿӦ£
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ڴ͵СͽǺȻ壬ַòУȥȥȥСĿǹʡ
ǣϰģ⣬צ
ַǷ⼸Сᣬ֪ԼôϺ˵̶ãǽ˼ܿҾô󣬺ǰʼٸߣȻ·ˡ
Ҫǣ˼˫һ䡰ǮҷǶҪܡ
˳Ȼ֪һץסĿת⡣
ַҪװɵͲˡȻҲװɵʵ뿪ˣȰĶԣг뿪һ죬ٹϱǹ¿ӣֱһ̵ҭҲʽ
һɣ͵Ժ
ѾʮСˣҿɲˮۺδʡǸԸ񡢼ҾΡΪ˴£ǶѼȻģǶּˣʶ׵һ
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÷ǳ͵˵Ϊ
ɫɶ˳ͷϲ޲§סһڣӾվֻǸ룬ʹҪףҲõȵԺһ˵ʱ
һ죬ַͷԻصңŷҪ˵ģôɴӦ׷ˣⲻԵ۽Ƣ
ִԺｹȥôŴû
ûҸ˵ˣԺע⣬ҲȰŰ裬Щɶġ
ԶԶԣһúüס
ִɿȻʱദСʱ֪ڵĽǶû
ѽˣҵȥ
ִಽŽ㣬ȥ˿Ǯķװ꣬ĽѡǸߴزһȾĵͲ輸ӰڷƯ·ʮ棬ĵط
ûּҲӵĵط
ַЦˣԺǻῴȰҰſڵĵˮġ˶٣𣿡
ظ֤ᣡҰüΡ˱˶Ǯծ
˵žȥ·泤ԤҪɰʯˮࡣ
ַֿҲЩߣʱûǮ
һ㣬һ濴½½˽˽ĵ꣬ͷ˵˵ЦЦȫŸɫķ֯š
ʵ벻ͨ·ôŮ˿ģ
ȷݣϣַһٿǮԸ򣬰·СȻһͻˮ˿ͲעһŲ̶Ƚӣ
òô࣬ʮ͹ˡ
ʣµԸţȥ¸ɣܵ·װ٣ҶһС塣
˵ͦѼδߣּ˶Сϸһɻ඼һ°ŴѼ
ÿͷǲ٣컹ôҽԺһ£費ҪƿƬɶġ
æ˵򣬺Ȼ׹Ҫҹš
ַϵĻңȻȥϷ򹤣ⲡС壬ȥ˴˼Ͳ˷ѳѡ
̭ȴҸ˵ܿȦ
ȥȥ컹ءܲС󣬶͡ûѼǿһҲк
һʶĸĽжôʧܡڸĸߣԶܳΪˡҪȥϷ˻ðǮأвС
ַô˵һҪѵܵںǣҪԼ֮¡

ңСհѳԺôڵϹģ
ȻԴסжңϰҲӦ꣬ɽʱȥѣŻûŮˣⶼСҡ
һ²ۣһԵɶ궼ˣǴδģҪϸڲ䷹ȥˡ
Ȼ򿪵ƲŷɳϾȻŸˡ
ϡϰڰ
ɫǳѿֻǶǽ㶡
СϰΪϰƢȷʵãϲŭ޳ϰ壬Ϊˣġ
ϰ廹ûԷɣȥֽ㳴ˡ
վס
զСһͷˮ˼ǲȥֽ㣿ƽʱҲÿٿ飬ȻĻʳѣʵȴҲڳԡ
鲻˵Ȼ̾һ˵ǲҲ⡭
Сû壬ʣɶ
ȴ˵ˣͷɳϣǵ·ɬĻȡ
ЦС̫˽ˣæϰˣֽͦģЩӹ֬׷ܱȵģֲ˶ȥʵ˵ȥˡ
ϰŮ飬Ϊ
ϰһôôࣿ
һͬĿ̫ˣġ
ߣͬĵĻǸŮˣΪ˼ˣǻزɰСƵҲܿϡ
ûӣ֪Լˡ
ҪҪȥȪѼԴڴĿ
ֻҡͷ
ȥ£Ҵ˾ȥǿѽ
˾ˣ
˾˿£ǳõġ
鿴űСˣһʱȻ֪˵ʲôˡƵüۺͷɫ׽ɶǲϹˣԽԽ
һ˲䣬˶Ȼĵǣߣȥ
ֹҪȪ뿴
һǾٹεһ㣬ǰֻǼأֻҪһϣͱԡ
ִսսţ޴룬Ͱ͡
Ѽģһֱû뵽У۽˵ɶҪʡ˾أ˾ȥ𣿡˾˵Բԣ
⸱еҪѾ˾ԼӪģ鰮òСΪ͸ķͲ
˵ʲôѹû˳Լˣ
ϧĺ鲢δ̫á


046

ҽԺпϣ˲಻, պðŲ
СϰҸλ, ϧѰ޹ֻ÷, ϰؾƵ꣬ҽ
˦, ֲǲзϡ
СոϽֺõЦЦȵ, ȥҴ򡣡
ڹվ, , ǽϹ˼Ľܡҽ۴ͷκܴ, Ҳܶ࣬ʲôлҽѧпƷ᳣ֻ񡱡λпƲʿʦ, ۡ
, , ҲǸУиС, Ƭ߻ɫĪ
û
ͲҲ, Ͼʮ޶ͦ˰ɣҾͲˣûؾ͡Ժʮզô죿
鶯˶üͷȻ˵
˭ʮأ꣬Ҳϰ˱˵ᣬܶ»ı
ѽ, ͸׶£һμӣֻӣҶ˵ҲУĲ𣿿ÿζ໽а
һ񣺡ֲҽ
˿汻˪Ȱˣڲٷתһ˴̽˽
ûһСմҽҡ
νҽͲ󣬲ʮ꣬Ž˿۾ͷҲ̧.ˣ
ɫΣһ
СոϽüˡʵѹǺü꣬άϰϡ
ҽ̧ͷ´һۣҺû
ûüңԺģԡ
ҽѿֺȻЦһ÷ѣվ˫֣סĴ֣ãԭǽܣ
ɫûתѿˡ
ǰɣ
鲻˵ȴΪмûѧҽҲ֪顱ҽһҽһûУû飬һ˵飿
СȴЩΪϰݣæһأɶֻң
ǣԵ۳̣ԵƵʡʱ䡢Ӳȡһ̸ɫ̫ѿҪۼΪʵ
Ȼûꡣ
̸ҽжû.䣬ûС򽣬ǲ⡣ǣ鱻СƽСݡСʱ󣬻صƵ겻˵
֣εļĲһǰϸ¶ˣĿҲˣǲζǰп־λҽ̫ףвУġ
ʮ꣬δ˾
ڣʱ䲻̫ҲСʱĹСմ˻鵥
鿴ŵı飬һ⡱
СҲ磬ɽӵ尢ˣҪһȥ̫̫һֱ߶Ȼء
нɵָȻ˶ҿ
ˣ˵Ҳһǡ

СձڳĶţСӻͳһ
ѸٵķţǰҳǺܳĿһֱһž.Һ
صúܽͷȵĸЧҲõó棬Ӿÿ¡
ôûУ
Сͷһᣬֻһνܴʲôһλ򿴹β㡭Ǹ
..֢֣ʵ˵ڡ
һμڣϰȴ㡣
ǰҲ᲻ȳ٣н̫ͣﶼֻ֪ҪоУڡǵҽľ
ҽ˵ˣŮҲܣֻҪܱ֤ķ...С
ϰϲ˵ʵҲиԼĺӡĸ˲أǰȫ˼ѰȻϣһһ죬ԽԽ󣬺Ҳҵˣȴȷһجġ
СԼӣ죡ߥϰϰϣʧⲻʧǾ
ɤӳţװûϰϵˮۡ

һʡлͷβ𸸽ĸһǰһŵĻصǡȻСգ˭Ҳ֪ʡǵĿġ
϶ôˣǲ̫æˣ
û£ҳȥһˡ
ŶӹµıӰ̫̫̾.˸Сʱĳ;һ·һ·£̲ס³ڿ൨ˮ
ϵһӵĵأ˶Ӽŷ½ţĶǮѳĽ̻Ի͡ϰµĿ൨ˮ۵ȥɻɣһɨٴΣ
ɨרŹ˵ġСǿջЦס̫̫ҪȥҽԺɣ߸ң
ϵ۵ɻɣҲë
ǲԸȥǮˣɻҲܻⲻ١ɽûɶëǽʡˣæ⣺費ҪȻ
䣬ſܽӡ
Ů޸߸ݣװ׾ٸǶĶϱһģһۺĿǣֿɽ
ۿʪ󣬡Ȼ
Ȼڰְֵͷʾ£Ӧһүү̡
ĸһ§ڻͿޡ
ŮϽΨһĶ簡ɱ˷ӹһ̴ֽһϴ档
⼸ӺùˣȴĲԸȢΨһŮӰС顭Ͻ⵽ʲô
ȻѾְ֡衱̹˫ֱ˵ο̣Ҳ࣬ǲſࡣ
ڼü֮ûίͳ࣬˴룬ֵô
Һܺãָָڣָָ󣬡ҵܵܡ
Ѿɽ˵ȻǱһҺ˼񵽵ġ仹δ棬ѾǺøжȱϵæѼԴȻĵܵܣÿãŨüۣ
ѼŲˡүү̡Ŀǡ
ĸҲǳϲͷԵ᲻÷ſŮС֣ʡĶѧ꼶ˡһٳԼ뷹Ȱˡ
˵˻ѼסȻС̲𣿡
֪γæԸ£ܲ˾Ͳˡ
ַܻҪֵ㲻ǲ
γϴǲǳǸԺõ裿Ҳһ¡
ַһ㶣ӦȻˣæΧȹϲ˲֣аϴε÷Ҳм÷ϴ˫֣̳ͳһСܲ˿÷ʢһС롣
·ˡ
İ裬أ
̫̫û뵽Ѽ˵ɾ͸ɣЦ˫з죬ˮĺȰ¶ǣθůڣġʵ棬ĵֳּܸɵŮˣ֪ĸˣи
϶ҪҲôͻϱǾҲֵˡ

ַûȥǹһԣҪȲ֪ķ˲õݳϰôǮһٿ϶Ҫ¹ӵġ
Ŵ֪ȥļҴŻûأүҲû˵ҪǸʣɶɶַ꣬ŷȺһݸ͵˳ȥ
ڴҶĬϰ塣
æأ
˳һ㲿̧ͷﲻܶҪĻȥϴ֡
ַҲȥȰ۳ȥѷݸСϴһѣæƵĵ͵ҡ࣬ԡԸ
ֲͣϻ
˳·кƵͷҡҲͻҡ
ѽĥߴϷװȥСʱǴš
ڽſժƱ·У²׷ϲһཷ⣬һತˣаʺĸ顣лأ·̲ˡ
˳Ц˵ллӴãСͽĽֱʿˮ
ַæţҲû˵ϻֻؼһУܵȥһķˣֻһ޹ͷϼĴлô塣
иϿͻǵͷģҪˡŶԶ͸㣬ȥһˡ
ͷ絷⣺еĽ㣬Ҳۣģ
ﻹзҲʲȥɤƵġ
ַЦǾͺãСöȥֻܳڼԣ֤Ӫ㹩ϡ
ãʱҽʳѡ
ַŭ㲻⼸ٷǮ
ֻЦЦȴ£Ƿһỹ


047

ֱ˯Ѽؼҡ
ȻǱˡ
Ŵ޲õ̫ӵģͲ, Ӵ, Ҳսأ
ѼûĻ˵ɶ, 򰡡
ӴǵԼأ
Ѽ, ͷü̵Ҫ˵ɶϺͿʲôǵ˰ɡ
Ŵͷһ, Դ, һǿ׳, ˵ר£
ȴ´ͷβûȤ

ڶ, ַѼص꣬Լܵȥǰͷ
Ͽͻ, һ޹, , ͦ·سǷװ, Ψĵ⡣ֳַѡʺģʱ򻹾Ĵ, ȥҶ˵ÿһȥ͸ַˡ
һʼôôСϹĹ̶ȱдϸˣⶼܻشȫܵȻС, ϸ
ƹ̶ӵǮƣҪĸɶ
ɡҲƵĻ
ˣҲƵĴϣɶʦأԺǮȥѵѵ˼Ĺ̶һҹУɶġ
ַͷһϲϽܵʹɫӦ
û뵽ԭֻǴҸڷԣû뵽ͦĿƲУǿֲҪѧҡ
һǵҲˮǴߡӿķϣһݻĹʡÿʮס
ۿŴҪӦ£ַæסͲ鷳ˣǱ߿յӻУ°ûҲܰҿѼЩ
ˣ²ĥߴУǾͰѻʳѺס޷۶ʮڹʮˣ
ϲ⡣
ţȻ㣬ܲܰҸæ
ѹʽ㱣ܡ
Ҫ֪ô߹ʣ֪Ҫ¡㲻һǴͲߡ
ַת˲һ֣£顣ȻһҲñɻͿա̸ҪǮʱһ
ҵ㣬Ѽͥ͵ܵԸϸ˵һ£û˵ǵܵģֻ˵ϣǱѹֱӽܵҪĸҵʣ˵һʮ顣
Ҳ֪ʱװսѹ⼸ʮ飬ôֻΪãսΪ˲ǽġøоеŮˡ
ѸҲЩǻǻϷأ
ģ˾Ȼѡ
ȻⶼǺ󻰡˵ͷӣȥҪڼҲùԩǮ
ÿ극Ÿļҳζһٴ͸ûƵġ
ϴ϶СնˣĸҲָò࣬ھӵš
ŴһϽǴţأǶϱͶϱǡҰ׳԰סĵܵܡԼǮı˵ϰϷǿֵæͱͱ
ſվŸССŮˣüëͷȫףΨǺڵġ
ĸȻûţͲסַԣеͷӽſڹ۾鵽һʮʮ٣ҾͶ֪ﳤʲôˡ
ӴϽˣæڳһСʡ
ĸϰǵ飬ִٵЦЦòãҾʣΰĶ򣿻밾֪ͣʲôۡ
һ㶣˵ҼСǸ˵ΰҸϽ͹ȥֱˣǸС
ŴȻƲƲ죬һɴסĸֱۣҴȥԶᣬ˽ţûһ˾͡áơ
ַʱ򣬷ֳһ׺һͰͣƣĶǮôߵĶ
˭֪һʣġ
ѼȻĪǡžȻĵĸˣãҪӣҲ˵˻һǮŴ
ǿ̫߳ˡ
Ҳš
ַ.ӣڰװײҵˡַ֣͡вһŽȥĶɶƶϳǽĸŴԴúġ
ϰôֳһ˭֪ĸȴôţʵ۶
ûһѼһƽ̸ģɺóˡ˵ž͸һ顣
Ƥִ࣬ͷûȫȥһҧһͣǿڸˬˣ
ַۣóԣûл̣
лˣ̻˵ðǰ˺óԣ˵㲻ǡ
ַͷȳǻˡȷʵڣʮĸĸҲ֪ܺȻܣġ
ǣһĺ⣬ҡ
ĸֻС˵ǹѸû뵽ȻôƯʵġСѸȻһɰҲС硭Ͽ¿ҿƯˣ
ĸݣɳϣӴҵĹԹԣԺɵóҶС˵ˣҲ֪˶ٶ٣Ӵͻݡ
ַòǱ긾ŮģδõͬĿޣһʱȻܳ
ĸģһ䡰ùŮһ䡰ҵĹԹԡַżƤ񶼿ˣֻתƻ⡣
лӵǶϲ
ɶأ㿴϶ϲJġָָ̫̫輸ϵ룬ͷǰʣϺһɰǣҪ˵ַѹϲ
϶Сϲʳһˮ飬ÿ˯ʱһС顣ˣЩĶ
Щҳȥġ
ַлĶ۽ġѹϴγԾ²˺ӵʱСܸܲϰڵģ֥黨ʲôڶС
ʵǲǲԾ²ѽ
ԣ̫̫ԸһѣҲ֣СʱԵİؼңͺȻ˵ˡ
ۿſڣƺԼҲ벻ͨΪʲôŶˣһΪصԵʣȻ߶̫̫ҵԼϲСϻһ򿪾ͺϲˡ
ַȴ֪Ӧøûأɴнġ
Ǽ岻ãֻ͵ģǿһأпһĶˣȫֳɾ²ˡϵݣǲԸԣ³رۣùȥߵȥܰбҵ
ȻʱҲûǮ÷ǡëǸˡ
ּȻҲȽ΢һ㣬û²ˣ֪һ˪Ͼ²ʲôζַﲻʤꡣ
ϰҲǿﰾģ˭軹Ծ²˰
Ҳԡ
϶ĺãСѧͻ;²ˣʱұ۸ð²˲ȥѧУ
԰ʱʵĵؿɺˡ̫̫ЦпְַѶӡȥɿ졣
ַЦŵͷԣϰĵغܺáӹɵģҲġ
ǰ֪һԳǧľ޴ջʱʲô飬⣬ĵΪвĻƷпڽԱû˲ġͷ㣬Ӳȱҳ׾ǳף׾ףӲӣҲɹͷ¡
Ҫǣ۸ʵݡͨͱȼֱũ򻹱ˡ
ġûãȥ˿ȻԽԽ࣬вû˲֪
Ʒ
ˣƷԲˡ
ĸһصʵûס棬պɰǣ۾ȥ̫ˡ
Ǻһôȥģ
ַ벻ͨ벻ͨǽĸ̬ȣееͷˡ
ԴһԵ̫̫ÿ춼ڸͳͺȣʱɱõİֻʱϴõһ㣬Ǵɾֱ¹ġ⻹Ѽ˲·Ьӣ졣
Ŵ֮ΪϽͶұ
ַȴŹ죬ôȥÿԴ񶼿컹ˡ


048

ϰ壬ô
ϰ壿
顰šһ, ۾, ӹ߻Ѹɨһ飬дģ
Сաٺ١һЦ, ûⱾ£
ֹԭղѹû
ԴӡȷǸԺ, ϰɶ᲻˼˵ʡٿв, ɼƻд, û۳ϰ궼, ׶ˣʵ̲ס, Ѽƻ鵱ϰһ顣
鷭˷棬Եе, 㿴Űɡ

鱻Ȼò, ̫Ѩͻͻͻ, , ɡ˵תϰΣſڡ
˰칫, Сʮ֣ǳþ칫ʱģسǰٻ¥Ķ¥ϰһ䣬Ƴɸ, ɹִ۸ŶǸиİ칫ĹģССĺؿһָĴҵ
عֺ̾˰ֶǣʵ˰󻧡ȻҲ˸ϰ⣬ڶûйҿڼҵ£Ż˽ҵյ˰ͦߵģÿ꽻ô˰ۣ˺üӣһܱܵʮء
ϰһҲͬ⡣
ȻҲǮ֪ϰĵߣҺʮԽôв˵Ҳǰµ󡣵ǵٿֻࡣ
Ҫ׿ˣģĻִǸ⡣˾ܲںǣл𳵹·ʡǻ߳ʡ൱ģֿҲӦǨ
ֿѡַ»û˵˻۽ϰ칫ҡ
ǿŵģͷȴûˣϵĳԿҲˡ
С̾ԴӿϰϲˣкûӰܶҪļæǩԽԽûˡ
Уôȥ

£ڷżˡʦɿҳȴһƬǶΪ˸ĸһ鰡
ַĿģһ죬ѼСʱϷǸ׷ĹˮջһϺõĴɴɣЩϷ
ڶ죬ܳȥС飬ιͷŶ˳·ܵسɵҪ죬ͷҪǹܺ͹ûˡ
졭ޣǵ죬һҪ˳˳ӡ
ôˣ˳֪ʱĵꡣ
û¶ôпչæˣ
˳Ĵתתˣȹˣ
ַЦԴӽ·ݣȹģĻߣǰĻˡ
׼ʲôʱȥû
ɣȰѼæꡣҪǰܺӡ
˳ɿǡʱɣ
ţôˣ
ɵɵЦִӣ˵ʱû
ַɶţǴ˰£ûԹһٷŮ̸ҪһֳԷǾȥ¡
˭֪ȴǽȥЩ
ַȥǼң
Լżû׼һҲûС
ԣ˵ҲСˣȼţͦõģþ
ַЦǽšΪڼĸһ󣬼һͬˡûɶýŵġ
Ǿô˵ˣ˳ڴ
á

ȵңæϡ
ַһţ˰ĵܵڳæµȦ໽Уʳǰûȴ֪ҰĶȥˣʱӿ
ͬͷ庢ӣ첻͵øŵµأ̫ҲöŶӸɻã˯ŵ㣬ÿģֻҪæ׷ιιС
ԽԽԽԽ
Ĭ顰ħҧгݵ˱ˣ̦Ƭ㳦СֻнԷڻش忴ˮȥˡ
Ѽأ
ַü
߶߶߶ȰһѣʲôӻС̣¾ͺˣֱַǳԺãܺӻûؼҡ
ãܺá
ַʣµļƬ㳦ȫˣϴˮûһΣְѳϣʳĺӣȷûһԳ伢Ķ
ؼܺӻûأ㻻·ȥ˳°ࡣ
ôˣ
û¶ﶼըˣ˳һԶֻȰȴ֪ѼƤǽ񣬺˵˵ͷζûõĺӣҪĸлǲܵġ
ֻһ֡ᣡ
뱩ֶˣĴˣҲģϴ
ôţðл
˳ǺĪӣⲻ
ɣҪһ㺢ӣý˻ڴ𣿡
Ҳǽİ취
õõãҪ߿ߡַʵڷɮԸȻͷʹססǧ뷨
ΪѼͲĺӣΪˡ
żϣسǰСʱ̣гϣ˳߰·Ƿ羰õļڣɽˮƽ
壬к˳°ˣ
ɣ
ӴƯĹŮ
ַһһЦŵͷҲװߣԴ󷽷˴
żŻһΣСЦţˣ
̣ˣ
ַźЩСƨ
ˣϽģҪˡ
ַ̺áСŮʿͦ񣬶ǳӣ࣬΢е
Сְˣɶ
һȺӰˮӪƷӹȥҲϴƤĿС
˳üҪڣĸ͡źߡһֵѵúӣǰɡ
ַҲæ˳ŻΧСҼǣƤأ
ĸɫ΢ȻЦЦǽżɩӻڳæµҲûͷַ߽ȥ㡱Ҫæ
һòţһĶֱ˵á
ַҲͿһ£Цųȥˡȴףֲ˳ԸؼңؼҲûԣɩӾͲʡ͵ĵơ
ŵһؾͰģԺҪһüɹ
ûѲϣȻЦеġżϸѾȥֻСŮʿоûĸ˵ϼĶʲôü֮⡣
ƺڻرʲôûҺѼһ֡
ַҲ˼׼ԷܽĴ޹ѸݣʹҲҪʱĥϡɵһҼĵ֪ѼĴʱġ
ѼܣҲ׶ӡ
ڴ󶼲һ£ԺǼţѼƿ
裬ɶĵԺ˵ȳԷɣȥ˳κнȳַͶȥһм
˵ͦʢѼ㶼УֻζôҲãַʼշСû־ͱ١ԭЦſʢóԡ
żɩӵɫźÿЩæѼȺٵĲּиޡ˳ɫеѿַýһ¡
û꣬ĸ˵ۣҪϴȥ
ҪȥҽԺɣɱˡ
ĸ˳̾ǮɶСֻȥɡתͷСְԺпճ
ַӦȥʱר·ȥһмȥǵñð̳ϻĶʳһЩŶӳҩ
˳ͷԲס
ţַװɵ
ҴɩͶɩԲס㡣
Ϊ¶ءͲкͼڳԵֲС
İɣҲί㣬Ժ󡭡ԺסڻһˣһҲ͹ȥˡ
ַͷѼ֪ؼûүү̲ڼңǲһ죬Ҳû˼ܵ⣬֪֪ҵƢ㻹𡣡
˳ֻ̾˵ɩɩʵ⻹ϡ˵һ֡
˭֪ؼҺڵϹ𣬽˼Ѽû˴ַȻ˲õԤС

049

ѼһûؼңǾ޽еĵһΡ
ǾȻСϸĴҲڼ, ַ漱ˡ
㿴ʲô˳ָǰһƬɫĶʡ
ַȥ, ŷǴʱ, 紵䡣
ѼҽԺƣ
̶̾Ÿַֻ֣, Ӳǿվȡ
Ȼԭġ
˳Ҳ, æ, ͹ȥ塣
ƽʱɵĴ, ȻУڵ·խɫũóļʻλ, һʡ׳֣һɫСγ, á
ַϤĳ, ŹȥС𣿡
Ｘֻտ񱼵Цֽ㣿ô˻ȥ
Ѽ, Ҫȥ
С, ˼ף˳ͨ˳˻˾һ, ˸Ҫǿֽϣøģںǵĵϣɲ
ַһ·جج, õĻ뷨ȫԴＷ
ϱæϵͳѹ¼˲Ϲע˸һѹûкúýһǴĵƦΪһлֲ֡үǧҪ
ûʲô壿
ճʱ򣬺ͰһСֻị̡́СԴû롱󡭡ӣӱȥ˳Ӹңȫ׺ţһһڲų
ÿλؼҶû˵仰ͱŸϳţ˵Ǹʱṩİˡ
ÿһû꣬ͳɴˡ
úްϵͳΪʲôǲŹ
ҲûڰΪʲôûΪͼꣿٵ̣ǸŴƴҲͷ壬ȥӸùӡ
ˣҪĹˣͷ壬˺ѧУ֪ˣүȻָЦ
ַûкԵ
νĸ֮ĵ¼
νɷ򣬲Ϊ˱Ůʱǵų
ѼһһΪ֮䲻ǵѪԵ׽ĸ뺢ӣһһԶֿܷǣ
һ̣ȻѵʶûиĸûѣûˣΨû
˳֪ǲǴԼ󣬿ȴôңԶ
˼ңַվſһڣҪȥȴһϤӰˣҲ֪ŸĶ߲˵ֻȸѼ
ܿ첶׽ûбˡ
ַһɤۣʲôиѼһ𣿡
̾Ҳ˵ָָҡ
ַݣһɨȥа.ŴֻǽˣľȻѼվŵġ
ġˡһĿڡ
裿˾˸˵ֲʲô£Ʋ죬Դ͵رһѰǸϤİĻտʼͦţͦܡ
ûþƵô꼫ˣɶ˶
ַţСⲻͷģ˵ĺÿİ
û°ɣһȦûʹ飬ŷġ
ô¶¶ǡ
ַſľǣǡֻ¶۾죬ѹĸѡ
㲻ǰİɣ뵽ܣŰɡ
⺢ȷʵᣬԲһ壬ֲܡ
ѼͷĺһҲ֪ǻ˵ġӣ裬гԵû
ַɸ֣ͷ£ôֱӶ㣿һ쵽żңǺûôҰվݲģëǮȥʳӡ
Ѽ߳Ա˵֪Լԩˡ
ȻҲȫԩտʼȷʵϷͬѧңˣǼ˸˵ӻϡòУžŲţֱ̫ɽ˫ϻ轻Ļûɣ𼱻Ҹϡ
յӱ߾˺ܣ˳ܹȥҿɶˣ
һҧӣҭֱַۣƣû˸Щ
ݺݵ°ӣ·ҲýһȺ۸ˣе˹ӣеʯͷأޣ۹ѳҪ
룬ƺһﲻݵʱ棬׷ӵǿ޳ܣ
ַСȻЦ˵޻ĳͦ·ƽε£дġ̹·ļҳ㷹
ôˣôﰡ
ѼһתӴأǳҪô˺ϻ۸ô죿ҿ϶ȥҾ尡һһȺСˣ
ַϻο֪˵ǰǱԼ
ͰҽԺˣôþͣ
ѽȥģӹˣؼҲǹţֻо˾ڡ˵ˣСǲܣüҳؼҽѵȥǱͦҵģҾ͡ٺ٣ģû
ԭˡ
龪һַԴȥҡŷ֣˳һֱǡ
ԲסæŸ˵ԡҪȻȥɣ·ϲȫ
˳΢ʧ䣬ôϸ϶Ƿĸס
ȥҸѼֵʡ
ַһ죬ãִһ£ǳᣬ˵¶죬ϽԺûԺûؼҡ
Ѽ۾֮תȦȻɺ죺ô죿
ַľ֪֣֪ĶҲûӰڻʿ˵ڳŲסȥˣɿ
ҽ˵˵Ƥ˺أƤˡ˺ˡ˴СС¶ʮж𵴣¹Σų­ڳѪĿܣסԺ۲졣
ˣǱѼʱˣȻΣա
Сӡַһ䣬ľߣҪؼҵ˵ˣһдǼַͥ͵̵ַ
ߵҽԺſڣ룬Ĳ̣ۻȥһ˽һٿԤãε죬ܲõǼ
˳ִĬĬظ
ַȻȥҲȥ˻ֹ
ȷû£ַȫɣ͵ſڣлл㣬ȥɡ
Ƶ·£˳һգգ
ôˣ
˳ĬƬ̣ȻģһúôѼ
ַδĳŵ򶯡ΪĿУƴѼټ޵ǰᣬĻԷˮһӦ
Ӧ£ĴȴҪ·ǳľĲʮĴСӣӵ˵Ҳƽ
ַȻţԼӦ׷̫ˣʵûһ¡
˳˵Ȼ̽ϲӣ
Ǻԥĵͷ˭ϲԼĺӡ
ǡҲһɡ
ַһ㶣ԺѸٷţ仰˼һ֮ǰ飻Ҫӡ
ͷһʶҡͷҲ롣ֹô飬ӡ
˳һ㶣Ͽҵؿû£ֻʱ㲻÷ĵġ
ַȴȻۿʪ󣬲ǸжǺ¡
˵̥ŮˣҪôúãûļҪôǺ˰ۡ
źǡ
ֱĽ죬ѾһgԼʼչڻֹ¶ʮʮ꣬ʮ꣬ǡ
ֻúòѼಫ˭ӣʱ֮ʳֻĵűͶι
ϲڲ
˳ͷǾܾѸٻ˻⣺չѼɣˣȥô
ҲַͷæгƵȥ·ûͷӬײһ
Ϊ֪ٵȥľܾ
ϵģһ˿ԥľܾ
ַĿǱس˻̧ͷ죬·ݵҹգǵ㣬Щ΢δʾ
˭Ҳ֪Ҵź˽ǵĻһֲս


050

û뵽ʮȻɳǽ¡
⼸, ֻһ˴šʱС˵Ѽ, ҽԺȥ
ɸյź˶Գ, ʲôúôѼúô, ǿ˵
ӡʱ׺, ڳɹסûĻش, Ӧͦİɣ
, Сշ֣ϰ峹ױ˸, ˵ǰû¶ȵıˮھµı顣𸸽ĸͬ˵սս
Сհ, ϶ôˣ
Спԡϰս, ֪ҪӾ, ôǻһֱҴ, ΪΪҵĽڡ
СհҶ, Ҫ֪ɶ¿ǧҪ˵ĸСĴȰ͵ǡ
СһҶ°ɡ
ĸ۾һжˣ
ûûûҲµġҪоͺ, ⶼõʹɡ
ϲ˭ģͷĸҲԲ
Сǳ鴤ԥһ£û˵
ò׼ϰڶֽǸʲô˼Ҫ˵ϲɣְˣ˵ϲɣֶĸĵúܡ
ܵĸǸһ˿ɱȣĸôʣҲײӳîȻ벻϶ϲŭ޳˼ҹ˸ǽһǽ֮

ڶ죬ַճȥǰ޲Ѷ˩ϡ
ŵҿɾ㰡Ҫûɻÿ
Ѽټô࣬æͷӦżٿ£ǸддҵˡǲģְַȻҲйΪһдҵʵල
ԹϡҽԺȥһˣľǻǶˣȻҲԲ¶ֻܿӪάš
˳£Ҳ֪ô˵ԼҪôܾԵء
˭֪һ磬˳ûɻϸˡ
ַڵſڶڣӡ
Ҿ˵ɣͷӻúܣ
ǲŮ˭
ѽǳϢˣô棬һǮɣ
ַش𣬡ˡ
˵⻹ͦã˲ǮɣҪ˵ɲֵٶҲģ§Ըʵʵĺô
ַһ䣬ٶҸӵģаëǮϵ
ˡҧ÷ǳء
㣡ɻָҧҧŮиƨã㿴ȣ߲ҲТ˳Т˳˶˵Ůء
ַֻϸֵȣϴסԺûкת
ϸ࣬ŮѾ֪ռСűˣŵŵ촽˵ϰϴλȥ˵Ůһˣˣˡһӣڴ̧ͷ΢ͷ
Żŵġ
ַΣϡţҿꡣ
ܿ죬ȴû֦չŴȥҽԺҲںǵǮҽ˵ӣȫ¼һ顣
ΨѪõһŶ
ֻܰǴؼסһóԺúд˵ĹҲҵģɻ˫ĥҲøͷһ
ַЦǶ۵߲ô
ĺݡڵϳԿ߽࣬ݾ͵Ҳּҵضںӱɳ̲ˮãˮ߲˶ˣֱֻͨҪֳܻ
ҹȻҲˬû͵ûͷôӵȻ¹һ
˿ּңԸġ
ֻǿ˵ܵܡ
ַҧأҴ⣬Ժ̵һǮ
ɻڨڨЦ˵ģǽܸãҸ˻ء
ŴڼңȻһ𣬻֪ҪɶڶѪ֤ʵָȷʵǷʪëĴëûСַˣ˹µҩȥƣټӰҩڰˡ
˳һ⵰͵ҡ
ȻǮһûʡǺݶ͡
ǲǲϲ⹫ŰѼһ濴ҵһԲʰá졣
ַ˱̧ͷŶ
㶼סǼңڽýүүסþãߡ
ַŪˣһùԲʣǮ򣿡
ѼƲƲ죬㻹ûشء
Щºܸӣϲϲ㳤ˡ
ѼַܵĻشǳǴ˾ͻˣϲϲϲǲϲĶôϻ
Ӵ㵹˵˵ʲôϲ
ѼͦͦţϲǰóԵĸҳԣĸ桭ٺ٣ϲһ¡
ַȻۿᣬԭСӶ֪
һ롪ʱҾ㲻ϲҡ
ţȣüë
ѼվܱߺǴңͷƢ˵Լɣ˵Ĭϣ˵ǽƱ硭
ַȴţֺֺЦ
Ѽܵڣ·ҲŰæ˳ġ²һ飬Ӯͬ顣
˭֪˼ȴźҪȥˣô죿
ڶн顰塱
Ǻðʱ򻹸Ǵɶ
Ȼ.۵ֱϺҲ˲ܲˣҲˣԺҪҽӹȥѧҲҪȥ
Ѽһ㶣ĿУǿǵϲʣ㡭£ҳҲȥ㡣
һ뵽Ҫܼ棬Ȼѹ·ҲɹˣĨᡣ
ѼŷӦԣ㶣˵𣿡
Ȼ˵޵ԡ
ֱַϲ֪ϢҲ˻񣬽µ̫ͻȻˡǲķ𣿻ôǮװޣô˵Ҫ᣿ǼֵϰСҶ̴Ҫ
ֹ⣬СڵнҲġ
ںӦصȻ᲻뿪ʸԵɶҲ϶
ʧһ
Ÿ٣װԽԽãַûʱؼҳԷһ㶼ãѼҲ˲ϳԡССһ¼䣬Ѿ㲻˺Ůǵ󣬾ͷһͷ߰˸
ĻȻΪһƬ꼴ʹһģһ·Ҳûĺ
ַԴֻ翪ĻһĻӰѴҵĻԼһ˵ĻűǵĲƷ
ûй⣬ûԼӹ졣õԸʱɱֵ
û˶ûȥֱͨ绰磬ȴһȥյ·ȷûٴʣһĻȥ
˲κ绰ͨͷ
ָȥ˵绰ܲϵң·ϼӡʱװꡱ֣ڵϣ½죬ֻҪܿС
Էԥһ£µǼ򵥡ǿڵı볧ڲϵǶ¶ɴû˸ԻҪһʱ֪ôˡ
ϰ壬ֻܸ˵ʲôҪ鷳תңǿƹϵ
Էøˣƶ½ԸҴϻǮǵùԼ֣ˬӦ¡
ȻҲֳֵڿͻӼֵ¶ÿɱëǮСַˬӦ£ȥһ鷳Ǿ
绰ⱬãʱΪ˻ظ绰ŽһСʱĶӣӰ˹ЧʡַԸ˻ϵװһ绰
ѼһҪװ绰ˣҲҪӻǰ赶Ū˭ҵƬԲԲ˯˼ǰڣôôԺҰˣ֪Ҫȥʲôطӡ
˵ܶࡰ¼רշѷС..үǶͷء
ϰǾ仰²衣ַҧҧӻһա


051

˵ӻ˶ˡ
Ŵϰʹ, յļ̨, ֻʣѩˣŻѼ, ÿֻһСʱһؼͻϮ, ͵ֱӰѵ, ӻһڿ˻
ٴʶ, һ, ˵

뵽壬Ҳѹ̾, ΪʲôҪأ
Դÿװô¶벻ǰҵ, , ЩͲɡ
ͬ, ַҲŷ˼
Ȼ˾ܲͲֿⶼں, չҵ˵ȥ
ĸҲӹˣӦҲͦ, Ϊ˼ͥ͸˵ȥ
ܾĸԭɡ
˵ɶأ
дҵи紵ݶ䣬ûء
ѼƲƲ죬Ҳ᲻߰ɣ
ǵԺǽǳֿԺǽ˵, ڵŶ䣬ס
Ȼַȴ͡һˣȥȥȥʲôǱ˼ҵ£޹ء
ôǿŮˣѧǸˣ˵Ǹ˵ġ˳ǮϵӲȴ޶áԼǡϰ塱Զܳɡ硱
˿Цһ֪Լһ˼ҲûУΪʲôǲأ
ˣԼȷʵϲϲƵƵǰƵʲôϲ˵ϲĶȴ˵ϲļʮɡ
ףָоϸ˵ҲϲǡӰɡ
ֲȴܡܵıƯĵŮҲȲܵ޷һ˴˵ͷر𷳡
ÿŸ߸Ьǳȹǰ.ζȹֵĴ߹ź󲻶Ŷ͵ͷ
ٵȰ°ɣ鴦ãߡ
Դַװϵ绰ڵĹȡϵţÿֻԸųٴȥһˣ͵εģʵڲ붯ֻܴͷ
ֿ쿪ѧˣȻظĿġ
žȹӣɫʽȼϥӸյ⣬ǹɵ죬¶ѩ׵֫Ǻÿϲ͡
Լͻ߹ɵСŮ磬ܾŲڡʵϲڡī̡ұŵɫϵɡ˳˵ãȥżҳԷ
ԴɢһֱûͬһģȥΣС嶼˵ȥˣֱŻ
ƽʱһ߸ЬΪȹӣֻܴװɫƽСƤЬֱŤġ
ѽûѼſڣתŰ֣Ҳȥ
ģַתķ·û
ֲŮˣĥĥɶҪҪһʼȥء
Һ𣿵ӻǼҵĴ𣿡
ǳϢ岻𣿡̽
ðɡѼ֪뵽ʲôһ壬Ҳɡ
ַе벻ͨС˳̬ȺȻǰÿ˵Ҫȥü۵ġ
ôʲôԸ˵ѽĿ
˵ʲôãҲ¶ѼƲƲ죬¥ˡ
ûһ˳ſڣһµֳĸȥųˡ
Ѽһ·ʶĶģư̼ҵһҮ
ǼҲһ£ʱѧ簡
ַΣ˳ͷͬһۣ͡ˣԺҽô
ѼҪܾȻһ塪
̡֨ɲƬ϶ּ٣ȻΪʱ
ֻͨһ˴·Եĳˮ
سǲԶиÿͷĲÿԴԴţˮš
ôûˤĶ˳Ȱ
ųˮһᣬˤȥҺֳһ£ûһͷȥ
ַһѼͱȽϲˣͷԽȥģϰ˴·ˮ
ô
ޣѼ³һڳˮ͵Ĩ˰֡ޡۣˣ
ַҲ˲ϣԴûˤĶԴ۲ۣ
Ѽҡͷ˦һͷˮ裬Ǽéӻȫģƫһ·
ַ˼ԹǾûˤĶ˿ʱ俴ԼȹѾÿԭˡֱʱŷͷεԴ·תñͷһС
˳ĬĬˮĸȥȥֳû뵽ĳӣ˰СʱͷѾˤˣɲҲˡ
ô
˳ҡͷ
ַβѣԲסҸ˵
壡
ڳϣǰͷͣ£Ҳͣ£ַ뿪֪Լʲô̲ж¡
ҹһԣȻɱ͸ķ
Ȼһڲܹñ۾ֻϤɤжϳ
壬ôѼ񣬿˫
һ㶣ҡ³ôģ
Ѽʼ磬˫һ̯ˤġ˳Ĩһϵĳ࣬ޡһڣ޲ˮϴһøѹˮǹҳһ
Ͻţ£üͷʣûˣ
ѼЦûأһһûˣ̫ˣϧȴûʹȫֻſ衣
иСԹǴİ
һǰ..ڲˣѵķһֳִŮһȹӺһ룬Ҳвӡ
ȻסƯ
Ư
鰵ԼûϢȴʹ߹ȥϳ
Ѽɾĳڻû˼ȥ
¹ʵԭ˳ͬ˵ûעӭͷһɲֳ෭ˤˮǺö˶˵ģͷһ˶Ц
мΧۣܱ·ĴҲ֡
ӴⲻǷʱװϰ
ַû뵽ԼﾭӪûˮȴһĳֻҸطȥ
˳ɫǺ죬һǸ
ַȴ˲ˣ̧ͷͦأ˹ˣ˭ǵǼǵŲ˵ʲôأ裬תؼҡ
ɳӻˣ뵽ֻܴѼһؼҡͷƤ顣
ǿɾĳˡ
ȻǰһӰһµ׾Ͷͷϡ̧ͷֻܿһƬɫġɡ
ߣؿ
ַȴһҲ䵭
ȻƤЬ׵򻬣ʶһץסԵľݡ
鿴Լ׳צӣɫѿˡ
ֱӰװ
С˵װǴǧƣַһ͹ͨ˼ҳԺȼġ·Դҡ˲˹ġ
ллϰ壬һȥϴϴС
ﰵЦã´λȴɫ·
ַӣܵģһȻܿһװ˵ͷؼͷϻһ߸׷⡣
ڷܺڣڵ˾ȻֲԺڷǰ׷
߰ɡ
ӵĹѾ·ϵ䣬סԲĺ꣬û֫塣
һ··׻ַмѣͷԻڹĵֳ˳ŸȻؼ˰Է¸ȥҲȥɡ
żѾԶˣһƻȥ
˳죬ǵıӰζݺݵƳš
أߵǰѼţüȥ
̫ˣĳŪġ
üͷøˣϾϣ¡
ѼȥϽ¡
ַͷɫƤѾȾˣԼټҲ޼£ֻõͷϳȥһµİɡҳǮ
ӺӾһۣÿɷ
ȱǮȱˡ
ߣлͶ~

052

ɫĳ̽Ŀ⣬Ѽ·Ƥ, һ·Ĭҡ
ֻ³ʱ˵лл塱ϴ跿塣
ϧ˺ܾ, ̽ͷûˮ衣
װ̫ˮĹճ, ӦǺ̲Ŷ԰ַаųһˮ, ֹȣġæŶ, ˮҲû
, ˮҲҪϴ, ˣѼϳȥҪ·
̫Ѿɽ, ˮ£׳Ҳϴ, οǸӡæ, Ҵȥд䷿, ˮ
Ѽǵöඪţȥ
ַû, ӸڴһˮѵþѼ, סС..ͷܡ
ַʵҲԸһڳĿд˻һءȶϴҲȥˮһãĸȻҲϴ
ֻһԡңҵķƷͬС졣ϴƷȴǳһ, һ͸һĵİӣͨͼжӦϴͷģëҲûһ顣
ֲô򵥡˵ڲϰϴ䣬žá
ַѸٵİˮ򿪣󣬴Դʼһһ£޲ÿһƤСʱſʼ͸ģζǳţе̴㣬е㱡㣬Ƥϻġ
ݣѼһűԡһţݡ֨֨ܣ۾ȴŵӻ
üſʱǵС̺ӹȥ
Ѽڿнסֹһ㣬̾лл塣
ŶȣĲ֪ʲô
ôˤģ
ѽ裬ҲȥƫҪȥѼһѣ̺ɢ¶ͷС̿ԲСӡ
ν壬ǰҲܻ䣬Ѹٰ̺ӹãôﳵô˵һ飬ȻҲ֪ܹҾǲġ
˵÷ǳССû壬ʲô
Ѽ˿еһƴֻƲƲ죬ûɶ
龲ؿ·̽յֱֱĴϣڵĶ˶ͷ࣬Ժ󣬺úĻ
Ѿٴˣϴԩҡ
Ŷ
ܸȤӣѼСNɇNɣԼΪġӢ¼˵ˣ˳һ䣺֪ȥĶȴֻҡ
ȥĶ
Ѽ͵͵ſڿһۣ軹ûϴãСȥҡ
ƤһãŶ
ģûƭ壬ء
ˣͷֶ۶۵ʹûסʣ㲻ϲ𣿡
ѼٴƲ죬ͷ˵
Сֱֱͦģ·𽾰СԴȴʹò񻰣ͷҲŲȻүү̣ĿУվҪģ˵Ϊ಻Ϊ
ҪˣҪɺͰˣûһÿ֣ѾѵõĶˡԴΪᡣ
ĺϲӣ󷽣ĳ
ϧעֻȻһ׹⣬ĺһĺӡСʱġûõĶ̳һӵķܶɹü֧ȥժõĹʵ
ҡҲ֪ΪʲôҲ뿪ңҲðҡСӳ˳ӣоӨδεɳϡ
龲ؿţ̺Ӳᡣ
Ƕ˵˵ҲҪ
ִս֣˵ʲô
˵ҪҺ֡
ͷһʹΪԼҲΪССӺ
ųƫǸ˻ǰ˵۹⿴ҰбҲϲվĸĽǶ˵ֻϲδݼڵĳ̶ȡ
ҪǸŮãԺ󶥶һݼױ򷢳ȥӿûôףһ˶ܡ
̾ᣬҪȥҲƽ׷ɺͰ飬Ѽֺʳ˰ʯ
壬ҡǲƿ
һ㶣˵
ѼĴ۾һգգĿִҪ𰸡
ֻͷʲôɦԥƬ̣ƺ¶ĵ˵İɣ˻ᰮݼڡ
ûãַϴãϴʰɾһͷһѼؼҡõңֻſͬ˴к
æȹȥ˰
ȻȥǱ߲
Ȼû˻شֻн§ŴͷɥѼ
˯ǵȷ¸ĵģͷɶҲûֻ˫ֱأллϰ壬̫˾ͲϢٵŸл
ڻش忴ׯڣǼ첻żҡַţȰһѳ·ӵذϣѸղŷųˮϣʮβſϷĨϣϴ
ʵ̫ˣȴˣһ
𡭡ϰ廹ڰǼ߼װæװѾˣϴһϴôˣĵӣҲһȥﻻҲúúϴ
΢Щ㹷飬ֱ⣺¡
ʰɡǶҪ£ֵôãͲӳN
𣿡
ʲô
˿ƽʱôˣھȻɵɵģƢҲ쳣ºͣҪ𣿡
ַ㶲ŷӦʵʲôȥżҺһֱûü˳£СŮʿĪġۡԼɩӵٴСҪǴδǹѼ⡣
Ѽҵĵߡ
üͷҲǡ
ţ
׷ɺͰʱܲܿһ˰ƿ
ַֻ䡱һʲôȻ̮˭˵ģ
һ
ƿַĴʡʱѼżңǿ֪Ѷˡû뵽ûôţż˾ȻѼ
ǵ..Ĵ಻Сɩӣ˵ԼܣѼȴĵߡ
ɿһ۾źڷ𣬡һὫ缺Ժվھ˼ժƻ
ַҳһŵԴȻһգɵˡ
ֻҪҽ飬Ҷӡ
ַǲǺ˻߿Ц棬һ˫۾û㣬û٬
žܾʮСʱﳤȥ
ַ·ǺѹѹĺףȻϵ·ģʱڰѾδ룬ڻ˵ʲôζܵҪӱܡ
ǲµŮ෴ı˭࣬һˣϱϥΪ£ĿĲԶ
ʵڿϲԼʲôطиƤңãŮϵҲ㲻ףޡ
ңٻƻŮͷ޸һѶء
ͼʲôͼƤңͼ񶾣ͼ
ޣ˭жʮ
ַԴҲ벻ͨԺһѼ缺ĻһżҶѼųͺӣƽܿΪѼб
Ⲣܴʲô
֪Լһ·ˣδ
һϷȥ˯ţڶ̫ѾϸߣææϵͭǮϹ˿Ѿſڡ
С˵¿ǼæΪϰŵòҿء
ַǸЦЦͬЦ䣬ӭݲһǳɡ
ͣԹ緹ȥһˣȻԸ˳ѲϣɻӦøһ
ֽˣŸȥˣߡ
ַ̾ôоҲڶƵģ
СԵĴչСҿŸ鲻ãǡǲǡ
ַϣȻſڽŮˡСͽæкˣϽȲȲ衣
СŮʿʣ˳أ۽Ƕûַɨ
ŸȥȥˣƵܻأ¶ţһҾ͸
ʬɣ
СͽǱһǧСҲŵòҽӻδϰ
ˣʲô¶ôַһˮ΢΢Цš


053

˵ֲЦˣСŮʿˮ, ӱǿ߳һ, ɩҪأﻹž͸ַּң
˲Ҫ, ͷ¡
ַҲƨɣ̲Ȱ׼ߡ
Сһû, զϼȥ׼ô, ȵ, ϴ϶ҵҪԼ, ˵䣬ɩӾҪҪƴأ
ַһ, »Լģ
Ӧܿ죬˽ʺӿͷϵĻ, ʵ, ·ϳ, ˳û˵𣿡
һҶ, ˳Ҳϵġ
, СŮʿֵô˵
֪ǻؼ·ϷˣһӦʶôûˣô졣
벻ѼַҲν, ϴλԥǼᶨˡ
úһƯŮˣǮжӣʱջԵİĽΪʲôҪżӣǰĿͷûԹ׬Ǯ㣿
˽˳ͬеᣬǮԺ󣬰󶨣ƽ˽
ǳֹĸ飬ȥɡ
صַϣû˵ʱóǩֽд˼ַ£Ҫܰԭί˵Ҫ˵˳Ӳƽ
ˣӲͷƤдɡ;п˽϶һСʱдãּԼڲٻ飬һֻ븧ѼˣԺҲῼܵϿҵǸ
ʵµ˵ʣ˳ս̫˴˶ܡ
θ飬ûѹֻ΢΢еꡣ
㹻ӣһȴû׬ǮŮô죿ŲܻӭġƿˣΪ˱˼ҴڽӴҵðΣӣһֱΪֹ
ΪŮˣ̫ˡ
ֻŸп罫Ļ֮Ժ
ѾѼ˵ؼˣԸһԣ٣ȥϲ
ŮʿԺﱾвַøֱȥҽԺϣöЬϰæտһ¡
˳ȥһ˻ûĳһ죬ʿմûãһתĹľʧˣδҵַе㵣ǣֻʮĺӣ˵Ų죬һ·ϳô졣
ʿ·ʶˣεҡͷ
ûӦþǲˡ
ҽԺʣµһٶԤɷ˸ַܾˡڿҪðɡ
СǶĵͷŲһ
ַҲ洫ôֻЦЦصҲûˣԸñ飬ݱ裬Ͽ·ݵĶң΢Ϯ⣬˵⡣
ڿǳ̲ģûܲμпһźʹˣҲѧȥһҲòˣͼο
ѧ
ַһ𡭡ϰ壿
üͷ˫ֱ۾鱾ϣǱԡ
ַϽҲϲҪ˼ң
üͷøˣƲƲͣжϣſڱտڡġ
ַţƲĶѼͦģֻǶȲһˡ
鱳֣ڵһȦ߻ǵôˣ
ַŷӦʶǽϵĹӣ˵ʮСʱʮСʱһֲ࣬һֲ١
лл̧
üͷ･һѹ
ôϲ
ַʶҡͷͣνϲϲģһʼֻǾףɡѼҵĵߣǱ𵢸˵ĺá
ԽԽɣɫҲ֮ԱǣתԴο㾡ͬϸɾ
ַһ٣ϲϸƨ¶ҷҲԸش
ȴǳִĶǡ.ɧԽԽÿ
ޣ˭˵.ɧŪ
ôˣַ۾գƵģﷸ
𿴽СͷƵģʵòһ˫۾䣬ִ󡣾ضĳ˵ʱ֡ĿԲĸоǳ
ȴܿƿߣ˿ſûˣžһϲţѸߵַǰ
ڻأùţԼõϿͻδ˵꣬ӺȻһѱס

ַһӦ˵Ůܱȵģ߸ЬЬһţ˭֪ȴֱȼסĽţƵĺ϶Ϊһ
ڱһ̣鳤ģģ̾˿Ƿͷӿ.йĸ֡
޸Ұɡ
ַһ㶣Ҳ
޸Ұɡ
ַ˿ڿˮǿ򶨣˵ʲô
޸Ұɡ
ַԴתţڳȣҲٽ飻ΣҶû˼
˫һ°֧ͷҶ˼͸ѼҪʱһдšҲҾҪ
ַʽԴܣʹɱﵡҲ
һ㶣Ȼˣ˫Ҳſ
ַͷһϲЧˡ˵ĸϰ岻õģͻûһŮλ˭µĽɽ˭̳У
Ȼȴֱֱ۾Ǽʣȷ
ȷǳȷַֻѼһӡΪ˾̧ͷͦأȻͷ·Ķ
üͷչģ
ַȻŲԾķӦԼԤڵĲһɻǵͷҲҲİɡ
ȻһڣֻһûӦšѵһյȷš
ַԼĸоĪϵĴȻΪʲôˣ䷢ĲˣΪĪġһĲɡ

ҡ
ϵϰʰ޻裬Ҫɶ͵ˡ
ĸɰɾĬĬţ϶ϲЩ޹ޣðȫߣߵѼɣϲаģʡ軹ûǮ򡣡
ϵʱЦã뵽ǻͷԵСӣԺ֪ûԵټϵҲԸпϧֳţҿСյĳװû
ԼĻʮλȫ˳۽йͳɣļҾѾװˣϴ׼չ
ȵȻϰϹСպĨĨͷȫǡΰ͡ĽᾧϰļҾ߶Щ񣬿Ĳã¶Ϊ۵ᱳʹ
СЪ⼸ˡϵҲĸлСӣ͸Լҵһ㡣
಻࣬Ϊϰ塭δ˵꣬Ȼϰĳʻڡ
ɨһװǵǵ۽üҶûһ£³֣жɡ

ɶ
ϵСͬ
üĿչˡ
ǣϰ壬⣬ҡСָŰ۵ᱳʹıǣ˵
üëһ̧⣿
ûûûû⣡жֵǣлˣ
ԼӣϰĴû˵͵ðҪתôܷȷ黹죿
ǣַ°ŸڵƹƹңζǰȻѼ˻ˣ޲üҼһ档
ߣϰڱ~~

054

ûʱᣬΪװ, һ¼Ѿ˿Ҫ, Թȴ·ʱ̫áַĥŲٸһ
ɵ汾ͲҪ˷һռ, ᲻á
ʲôأ
ַͷһŷŮ, ͿôݰףһĻ, һİζȹ, ˰˵ĺ«ֻݺ«
ÿ硣
Ůͷ, ЩȲ¼䣬㿴ͷô
ַһͷġ桱, ĵǳʱ֡ӰܶŮǾ͡
Цû֦Ҳ֪˼, Ǿǲÿһ, ȥ̻
άֵͦ, ԳĶ쵰, Ǵз֣, ˱ķһӡ
ﳤֻ̣ܾܶġǿĵġ޳ַԴϱȻ£ѳ̣̳ɵĴ, ȼãټһڵͷ
۵ԼĳԥУ۹⣬°ȥ
ַ룬Ҳû£ˬӦ
Ȼѽһۼֿ죬̨嵽¼ſڣôˣ
ҵİأС͵һŮ˴¿
ﲻĿסԼƷ
ַһ㶣Ů˺죬ÿڶ֮ԶӡΪÿζֻԲ򣬾ʱռ¼䡣
ñ𼱣ҿ˵ŸʹɫɫһأҵעŮϣû⡣
ʲôһƭ𣿲ھǲڣǵС͵
ַһЦһοĶ
Ůָָ¼䡣
ַȥһȻͷֻһԹȹ
ʲôʱԵģ
ǰҸճվӣȥͲˡ
ַҪ˭ȥһݵŮվСҡȥûû
Gͷָܣǽϵģ᳤ֲȡ
ҡûУûŮӺСһȺ񡱵긾Ůע£
ҵ㴩ɶͱǶۣ
ַע⵽ĻǰǰϿĻѾСë򣬽ЬҲз첹ļ
Ů˵ע£
Ů˼ͱˣַһ§סŮ£㣬С⿪ͺˡתͷʧİʲôͷЩɶһοʲôʱм˽¼䡣
Ů˲֪ôظЩͷķۣͷֻֽǮ
жǮ
Ůɫһ죬ŤŲ˵
˾ҵԲϵĻҲòȥ
ǣж㵹˵
һһ塣
ˡ͡Цһ廹ɶ·ѹͲɣûͦģԭǰ.εİ
ַ⣬˭Ҳû涨Ͳ԰ɣֻҪ·ͲöءæΧ𼱱𼱣˭ôˣߣȸ㵹ˮ
ⰡԵһ
˲ֿ⣬ССľ崲һд̨һˮ
ַΪ˱ˮֱ£ŷȥ
Ȼȥʱ϶ĳĽ䷢Ŀͷ϶һֲٵġ
Ҿ˵϶˭һʱôˣûϸû˰ɣ
ŮεЦЦʵҲǷҪִ󣬱ϾôǮֻͷզˡ
ַ˵һǿôˡûϸҡڸ˻ᡣ˭õģһʼֻǿŰÿͷǮֻһ壬ֹܲˣȻֻٷŻȥ
Ϊһɳֵ
ַѾǵһˣСɻӲʩֶ̫࣬ϸܰ½
ץС͵ЦϰֲǾ졣
лл㡣ԩСŮۻصͮͮġ
ɶ͸ûϵ
Ůͷлл㣬ҽС򣬽ʮ꣬ոбҵ
ûƵС壬ȻѾʮˡַ˿Լ⣬ɵöԵǿҲ̫ˡ
ŮߵЦЦûУҺܳأƺΪ֤ԼûϹ˵ָŲ輸ϵķбȻһܳأȸǳԵûࡣ
ͷ⡣
ַ֣ΪʲôһӪģɿ·Ȼɫףϴøɸɾ
ͨ죬֪Сͷ籣ֲƢᣬСƵġ
ҼҸ·ʡҹء죬¶СѣǱĺӡ
ЦʣȥĶϰû
ûأ粻ȥɶͬѧ˵ˣȥ»굱ͬ絣վųԲĸһȥϰѧ
ô˵
С̾ϰ࣬ɹҡ
ַһԴЦôģ
ҿ϶سѽʱÿ춼䣬Ǯȫ·
˴ЦǸӡ
Ȼһϲĵꣿ
Ȼϲ·ȫ˶˵ÿأͦͦţɡ
ַѾ˿㿴ôǳȥһˣ㹤Ǯ
һļϣַЦãƢ漰ǮƵ׽ˣѴڳƱЯֻ̨Ǯ
СԺãøһ۸񼸺ܺܿס
İɣѾͷʵ
ǮҸá
ַֻЦЦǮǮ⣬ǲ̤ʵ
ϰ˰β˼ֻ˿Сʱ̣ûɶֱ̼̾ףŪֱˡҲ֪˶ҩˮȾСӵʱѾˡ
ַĵ;ȥΣȻķ֣СϸܵЦģܵù˿⣬Ҳû
û˵ɣ
ַһã̳ȫ˸һƯҲеϱӻû̹ʱ򿴵Ĵ󲨡ԱҲĽؼ࣬ھ˷ѡ
ϰҲϤһףҪľҪõĳȰɣ
ַ㶣㲻˭˭Ƿá
ЦҾ˵æǮѽ˰ɣȻʱͷŮ֪ϰֻܸ̣˼ݵĻͦ׼ȷ
;ⲻϰľ̾ķͷãƽʱֻβ˷ˡ
Сʱ󣬿žҫ۵ŮˣַԼҲˡľɢڼͷһ֣¶Ķͷؼи˼⣬ⷢ;Ϊģ
ַյӸǰǡ
ѽүǲƽĽòУΧŷתûˣһѣС椶ŶҪҲܲˡ
ַŲߺ죬޼ɵȤȥҶѻŮˣ˵ûЩַز
˵ģûⱲӣҲû˰ɣ
ֳ꣬Сسǵҹϣǡաĸ߸Ьֱһķ羰ߡȻҶܴӣҲûͷ磬вõ롭˳ϵĽ顣
鲻۵ĶŤ.Ρ޼ζ
صС򻹹ԹԿţǽ۾һôƯѽ
⣬˶Ǯ˱ĲΪһֱصڣӳӪҵʱ䣬ƽʱ˶ʮˣַ˲ѣһӣҹ
ѼǸСֱУĶһֻ֪ÿˣ˵ҹҲҪȥȻȻҲҪȥټӰֵСգһȺ˺ƺƵտ̯ȥ
ԣϸ¿˵һտ̯𱬡
ȻضŷֽϰҲڡ


055

տ֣Ĵŵ, Ա߻۰Ͱʹѵλġƫƫһǿյ, ֻһˣܵͷܶ·н硣
ԽĽ硣
˴, ˡ
ѼȻ۾⣬һۿȺ, СܹȥһһҴӵ
ۣ㣡
, ˵غó, Ӧġ
СҲǺ, 븽䣬Ȼ߶, Ȼûǿ͡Įˡ
û¶, ǽϰ, ˺ܺõġַ, Լ, ѼѼŽϰ, ڵߡ
ɶԸ㰡
ҡҶԣ㡣
ϸϸģĺִܺϸ˻, ۾ǲҿ
տ̯ϡˣȻƷ࣬㣬ζһǰʳָ󶯡
Ѽ֪Ϊһ廨ãûվĨ˲ٽϣóԵֱͷó԰óԡ
ַΣֽݸ˱ûԹƵģǼٶлء
ڼҲôҲ̫ó˰ɣѽæˣżҪҪ˵ģȻˮ
ַЦã֪ĻΪء
ţҲùȫû߳ġ
Ȼֻһͳ̧ͷ
ѼԹԴ΢΢һǣˡ
ڳġ湻õġ
ѼǲΪ棬ȻתԴұȥŲ
СҲ̫˰ɣַ죬ʲôҲû˵ĬܣѼƾԸСС˸ġ
Ȼ˹Ķˣܵԣǿٵ㣬԰裿
Ȼŵ϶ǰ仰ģһһִ⣬ֱ񫣬֡
ôϲ⣿߲˰ɡַ֣Сûһʼ²
ţѽҿǺо²ˡ͵ͷָָ
ܿ죬;²һӱǽ壬ֻнϰǰ΢ɾЩȻǵ֮
Ȼüͷ΢ɫӣ·ζҲܲˡ
ַ뵽ĸĻϽƵԼǰûĴҶӲ죬Ͷұչһ£˶ѡ
ǵü۹˾ϣ˵ǳԵöǱԲ㡣ַýСͻؼңѼѾֻ߲Сܲܿǡ
СȻڴӦҸʲôڣ⻤ʹߵ񽻸ϰ塣˭֪ȴȻһԿף׸
ϡϰ壬˰
ÿڳݲ飬ȴ죬ԹʧֽС
ֱַϳŷ֡˾ˣ˼᲻ᡭ̫鷳ϰ壿ҪﳵСɡ
ͷҲأãŷ
ߣ⸱ģﳵ߲䵽ϣ˹ȣ.ɬŮݵϸǱ÷·Ĺӡ
ߵĶǵ߾͸ĶŮ˵˴ߡ
ţҹֻӣĳطȴǶġ
żسǱϣҪĻ·ҲֻöʮӡСѾͬ˸˻ĸ͸ǼŻ쳣ģһʷûһ·˳˳ַҲǧлһԼժӡżȻƶǰۡ
ַЦУȴĽòС
ӣһ򣬷ȥ˵˭˲ȾõģҪҲмΪڷ絲ꡭˡ
ַЦҡͷ˭翿Լ
˵żƶȴʮѵõ֮ңŸĸǴСѧʦ˵ϸСĴ²ĴʦڱϴѧڶĸʡʦרڼũһѺ֡
һȦСżš
Цʲô
ַ̧ͷŷ֪ʲôʱҡ˳
ûʲôõˡ
˲˵۾ɵľϣ·һƬ壬次ƺɫĳͷ¶һСƬVεѩף°ȹܰƤȹ

Ҫǿתߣ۾ǲһ·£Ƶĵƹ£СԲֱ.
ַ֪Ϊʲôֲ˵ˣϵϤÿڴСǶôġֻıˣҲȻŶġ
ţŷֺ˲ļǸջҹսĽࡣַ´ļҲȥգæϳţϡ
շ̵ɿľȻ΢΢˳⡣ӺӾһЩ˵ļԲסֵСˡ
ϵϰȫַٴοϰˡ˰Σӻûɵòס
һȴֱĿػ硣ԽԽԽԽ󣬴ռͫʣȻ촽һ
ڵĲһ
춥һʱ.ѵˮڵġַԺ룬Ҳûʱ룬ֻֽŲʹ̵һˣһѹһһװ˼׳ˣһһСŮˣһǶ˼ĶǣһǴδζĹѸ
¶ԽԽߣֻĦ.ƤϵԼַ뵽Ѽտģ߳Աˮ·ôҲԲ˾ǳİ˱ûԹѼ
ııѾãҺԣˡ
·ɳĮյĶǣڼһ֭ˮ⣬˾׽ʣûʱ뷨
ַӣûҪˣֻ޵һһСȭȭ
ѹȻأ缢ƿʡ
˳ĹѸһ¿Եеоеʹ°ǿɾǰǻáˡˡ
ˣҲͲס
顰ǡһЦ̧ͷֱ۾洷
ַڴڵĺ֪ȱȱۣǲҿԣ
˫պرԣü΢ԵñͶˣֻԹΪΪСӡĳطһʹ˿ڿˮǷཱུһѣԱҲ
ַۣбˣ˵⻹ӵĳǣǰѾǵˣҲʹֱʼݲ£˳ڵˡûչһ
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ϽסԼ˼·ʲôСչһѹͲڷչ
ասģΪһھôţҾ͵ǮѼ
ֻսġУȡϰ塱͡˳ˣҪܻɡ硱ͺܺˡ
ַҲ֪ԼĶĵӣ׶ˣͲƷܰôš޼ɵ۵զء
ΪӿŶȣռϷ磬촽ζʮ㡣
֣ܵ°ͣΣյۣƵûӺáĴָ̰.ĦĦ޲һڽ̽ӣΪС
Ҳԣ˼伫ƷϡУ˷ѰúССھ׽Ŷԡ
ǡַΪԼ֪Դ󸶳˴ۣȣ˲ؼҵġ
ˣ塣Ѽɳϣ۾
ַϽֱۣǿԼվֱӣҲ֪ûпʲôô˯
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һҹַһΣһΡƽʱȤ˵͵ѻŮˣҲţԼһ̫̰ˡ
һǾŴĸо̫ã̫ޣħ
̰ħ̰ħ̰ħ߶߶飬ĸв΢ᣬ̾ܴӽҪʼʧˡ
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ڶŵʱԺ￴һ, ϵżɫӡߺꡱ, Ǵȭ̫Ҳ䣬ү廹ͦá
Ȼ, ûҲɿʲôΣƵġ
յǰ֮, ¼üޡַȸȥ˸绰Ȼ, ˵ҪһŮʿͬ, ǶӰٷ֮ʮķҲС
ַʵ벻ͨ, Ǽһ¥ô෿䣬һôţԸҲԸǮ
ŮʿԻ·, Ҳò¡
ĵطûкʵ, пֵ¡л, гϢ, Ǯ
ͬʱ, Ϊ˱ͬΣĿбȥҴ, Сͦɹ
絽ңһڳææ
ˣӰϾͺá
ַЦЦܵȻԸ񲻹ǿ, ֽڿ죬ˮཽǽˮС˳˴ɨŸɡ
˺󣬼ʱɸɾֵ˲ټ˵ؼ˻ͦóԣѼÿζܶ԰뷹
ȻĻʳѣֻҪǮ򼸽⡣ˣȻ뷨Ҳ˵ʲô
ǹ̶⼸û˶ؼյˣԶػ꣬
ַͷӦóһٿǮݸ
պãȥڻֽ
Ըգ˾ͺͰͣ𡭡ңǮҲһҪΪѼ롣
ַСʣڹǰӲ𣬡ô˵ûôͷѳŹϣС͸׶κ˵ڴ
ôǮֻһ֣еﲻס
һƣָװ׾ϧǽڴִ·ֲڣŵָ·ˡⶼǴСũĥİ
ǰкʹ׼޵ĽҲƲǹ¶ĸô꣬ںˡ
ɡ㣬ǮҲʡŻϽҸ׵˸ڷ絲ꡣ
ַһ㶣ô˵
ִҿĻ۽𾦣Ҷ֪ˡ
֪ɶ
ŸܺãͰ¶°ɡ
ַҸ˵ˣġ
ŸܺããܸɣԺ϶ýӣѼҲ
ַϵǺãɡ֮ʣҸѾˣԺˡѾԽͲҪ˵˲ǡ
ִ죬ȷˣҪοɣֲѹӣֻСŽɫЩ˹Ĳˡ
˳ҲˡӣһһһһС̲ˣũ˵ĲƷֲ࣬㣬ĸ˳ԵöǱԲ
ַǻط˯ϴ롣Ѽȴѵӻ򿪣ҿʮв
ϰͦã˵þǶãַҲͬˡ
ֻ۾ŵӣȴûţ˵Ҫҹһһشӣѳֻȴˡ
ֲøղžʲôַţǾǴش԰ɣгֻġ»ߣƲˣֻը⡣
뵽ֿɿڵС⣬Ѽ˿ڿˮǳԲԵ⣬ǡˣ˵壬˯ˡ
ַҲû룬һ̰죬Ƕ÷ȻҲǼСӺϰЩϣ˵ìǴˣӻǵö
˭֪ھȻڴ˰²Żĵġ
°ˣŴͷѵúɫͬ˵ַȻе㡰ܳ
ˣ
Ŵɫ΢ڣš
Ķû
ɶĶ֣ҲǧŴ·𱻲β͵ĸզڳ紵ɹΪˮôף
ַüûǴĻôˮ˳յĳô˵Ҳ.˶֣ĶֿǸɵġɾףôҲǧ
Ŷ
ŴЦЦµĻֲģôôл֪ĻΪ͵ĳأϱܶҲ
һԼʰ÷ôƻǵһΡ뵽Ѽ˵ȥæֱַ÷ȥˣҲͬۡ
ֻѵС۸ߣڼԺڰ
Ŵ죬˭˱Ϲ˵˫ֲͷȥˡ
֮ԻǣΪѼүү̣ȱλİǰ
ʵܶʱҲΣġ̡֪Ҫꡣ
Ц룬˵һѻŮ˵Ҹд󲿷ɷ͹šܿϧôǲҵ˼㡣
Ȼҵĵ绰Ķ
绰ǲǰϵĴŮʿʲôˮѹʲôǽǽڣֻּһǷ⡣
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˵ܺãÿˮͺüأٿɶЩ˿ƻҼ˳ס죬ûᡣ
ַЦһƣ֪˳ˣûһѣ
Ǻǣأ
̿ˣǩĺͬһ꣬Խ520ŵ519Ŷʮĵ㡣ûȨҷ⡣
һ٣ߡһ˵绰
Ŵġܿ촫ϼϷװˮʱżȻҽճɺã⳱Ⱦ˾Ŷֶ࣬˵ǼϷӶŲ£ֱ˶÷ȥء
ַͷ󾪣ֻǵʣôࣿ
ɶ˵Сֶأ
װȥļ۸񣬾ǧ࣬ǳ̶ȿѹǧ顣
ǺǣΪһٿ鷿ؿۣȴǧǮˣʶûһ
ַÿϾûȥɹж⣬벹˭ҲûճʳѺҩǮҲ϶ȥһǮ
ͦģٺãżԶˡ

ڣԺǽժǵĽĸզࡣ
СŻͦġﶼ˵ССƯƯֹǴףΪ˴ҲҲ֪˵۾ôġ
Ŵڸв֪Ҫôϱ˯ҲЦѡ

϶⼸ȥˣ֪ʲôʱܻôߴߡȻ˵СôƯôܸɣֻҪǸŮľͳɡɡҪܰСִȥǰԸ
ȻĻȥǼҲɡ
Ϊ˸ָּ˫Ь档СֱҸ˵۹⣬ģǽá
ַŴֹЬ棬Ȼʵϸܣӽʵһֻչ߷ɵķˣ㣬Ưֺá
̫ǫˣǳÿͷĺöˣʱҲ̽ҡ
ĸЦüۣúúãϲͺãУǶأ
Ѽ˫ôһ룬ͼһֵֻСܣɫҲȽƤɰĺġ
ݻٶǮ򲻵⣬ַ治֪ôмˡ⼸µദ̫̫ãͨףԼСϲ
Ŵɻĸ񳤱ֵĳ
ߣŵ㵽ʮ㣬ʮСʱϢСʱֵüϰֻ࣬~һø˷ܲŶ~ǵ裬ǻۣܻ~

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ϧ첻ԸַԼܷˮԻǴų, ÿҪʱ򶼱Ѱ, ɲҵʱɣĶġ
, ڿʼƮĺζ֪, ˡ
ݽĸÿ߻ϵͣڱ۶ϰϲ, ڰ, Ծ²˲Զ, żȾƣǳ, ѡҪģǾǰ˿
ĸ˵һܳ롣
뵽һ౧Ŵ˿˿Ķ, ַЦ
, ԺѼڸڳɤӺ
ȳԡŲҪȥ, ֲ, ǡôʱ绰Ҳˣ, ι
绰ͷ˶٣ȥѷ׼һ¡
ַⱩƢֽͬдװףҪ, Ǿͷͥɡ
аǾͱˡ
ַžһ˵绰ȥģȡֺѬĵķǵ˰˱ӵѪùͲ⣬ˣ
ʱͬǣ壬ֻǩһԼ֪ôҪǩʮ꣬ⲻ
ʵò侲治ңҪѸҵһļǲܵġ
ͬʱͭǮѾ˾͵ùص꣬һʧ٣ʮǼǧΪĺӰ졭ֱ޷
ʱӮʧĶ
׼㣬ԸǮҲҪ˽ǣòЭ
ַŭˡ
Ȼǰ˸ɰɫĴ룬ͷըýƽĺɢ˵ζ
ַ̧ͷؿҪ𣿡
شִóһֻСӣͷǺ桭һʼ׼ŵģģ
ַˣһ͵ˣôѼƵģΪǵЩһ۾ܿƵСϷ
ҲɹͷˣڵһĹĵ˫գֻ쳣Ŀɢε˫գ·ö͸Ĺӣ˴Ρ
ϴΡʳ֪ζ
ַʳǰҲܾæǮңѾûԹըˡ
˭
ţ
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ŶǷŷǷء
Ŷ
ַ޴ߣȻΪ˲죬Գؾ͵÷ҵ𲽲⣬ʲôͬ˼Ҳں
ԭȶ٣
һ꣬Ҫǵһǧ˵֣
ֻǵͷʾˣɫ˼Ѽѧϰ⡣
ַҲΪ⣬ֻ˸Ͱϴɾ͹ȥֱĸ³˵ҲڣְҲйȥ
ȥǧףŴͷܵһĸĴҳ죬ڵϹһϣȻûҵ˵ġ
ڶ죬ַҲص꣬ûҵִ޹Сſ꣬Ѱ١
һвԶһ䣬ֻƽ״󣬱˵¼䣬пʽֻһҲҲпʽ
üģڰٻ̳һ䣬¸¾깤ȥɷˡ
ַһ㶣ٻ̳ĶȽֱ̯ã˭֪ģΪá۸ҲˮǴߣռҲ͸󡭡
ת䣬ѾѸٴӦϣлл磡
۸ȥˣ϶ҲøᵵԽߵԽƷơ
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ַɿѾͷôôСͣŵùͣҵǺõġû¶û¶öԡ
һŮ˼ң·Ҳ󶮣ȥھӹæբ˿ûûϣΨǵƲַ룬ֻǮ̶ϵˮ繤רҵľǲһõԾ˵Ƕ·ˡ
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˿ϵۣҲϵۡ
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Ƿ˶ϵģֱĥŸŴ绰һ١Ȼûʲôá
ŮʿԶǧ֮⣬ֵԱûִȨҲû취ֻܸͶȥͬĿ⣬รɡ
ַû뵽ڰ죬Ȼؿۡ˻ǵûؼңؼһڸѼ۾գĶŵӻʱˡ
ƽʱдؼҾȷԣؼҿĸˣȻûĶһȺʲôү
ַ˵ûˣϴϴֱ˯٣ƣͣⱼһ죬С.ʹ˱ʹίţ˵ᡣ
Ÿô۸׼һѸ˼ȨƻÿװҺǲģⱲӲܣ±Ҳܡ
ַثģ¶
ǮӸڽӵбԸǽˡ
ֻҪͬһ죬һӣǶߡ
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΢ġѼѹɤ֪
Ժ䣬Ҳ֪˯㣬оͷ˫С֡
ˣһССģӰǰζ
ַʹſƤѼ
裿
ַѵĵͷָָ
Ѽˡ¥һΡΡһˮŵҩƬʪˣֺ֪ˮˡ
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ϴβ˵ʹѼڣȲԡ
ɵ˭ƬҩҪһˮ
ˮ²̫̣һҩƬüˮѹѹʹɤ۲΢Щˣ
˵ɣӸշһ
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ַһᣬ²˳޿һѼΨһġȻǸ޹ϸˡ
Ҳ֪Ƿˣ鲻ãųԵһ룬оθʹ·˰ƵĶģۡһˡ
·һɲ֪θĽ
Ѽɵˡ
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ϽŵԡӽݣҲ֪ӵϻɳ, Ͻһ§סӼͷſߣһһʣôˣ
, ˺ö࣬ʹ, ա, ·Ĺ, Ѽᣬҭŵ
Ѹٿ, ĿһɨԺû, ݺڵϹ𡣽˲ؽҧ
ѼһСβ, ֪ʲô˼, Ʋү̳ȥˡƺĻԹ, СԹּ˾䡪衣
, Ҳܡ
ͷһᣬɿСǸ״ء
ӻʲô˸״Ȼǿģֹܱ, ˡ
ʱ䲻ˣֻͷ£⡱¥ݡ
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һǶ˵ţһǸ𲽵⣬һǶƨֻϺȵĹŸĸûʱ嵽ôˡ
ֻʱ֪Լȱɶ
ޱѵʶԼһȱ˵ʲôģʲô벻ԴԽԽθֿʼʹȻһģӰӡ
ַʧȥʶǰļ䡪ӰӡǸû·ˡ

ٶѾҽԺˡҲ֪˶ãʹ뷭౻ӱѹġƱſŸԴֻͦӲģͷзԡ
ũ˿ڿഫһţͷѼճʱ޲Ʋ죬˵ͷСţʵ֤ˡţ֡
Ѽ̧ͷ۾裿
ˣַϽݹŵˮˣҪϿ˰ɡûӱ
ַϰ۾ôˣ
Ѽȴܿߣſڣ軹𣿡
ˣ˭ҽԺ
塣
ַһ㶣ԭû·ǽ鰡
忪ģûü·ðˡС죬һϴ󲻿ĵӡ
ַҲû룬Ϊ۽飬ڵãһȥúøлȥѧУϿΣû¶ҾͳԺˡ
Ѽʱȷû¾ȥѧУˡ˯֪ʶַҲϾ˼
ûһ鷿ֻ˵ǼԳθף˵ҩܳԺַҲû⣬ҪԺϲŷ֣ûˡ
һβʣ
Ӷͦ׼ÿ죬һ͡Ҳûʱҽʰö׼ˣɽĸˡ
ôס죿
벻ˣҲʲô󲡣ȥɡ
ĸһӳԵģ֣۵Ҳһ찡Ȱѷˡóһַδ㱣ͰŨмǰŴ࣬ͷǼ˺̲ˡ
϶˵㳦θףûȫܳԻ硣
ַһ㶣ϸġͼꤣ̷˽ĸһƬȺ⣬ֻܹԹԿԡ
ʲô㣡úŨȻһ鼦⣬ζҩеζʳָ󶯡
˲ΣѪġ
ַʹ˿ڿˮӣΨһһγ˲ζҡ
ĸ԰׵ɫ۵ֻܺȣϲĻ㰾ֻģֻŰʮ꣬ζǷء
ַЩһŨˡʮꣿڵ˲ζ˹ֲģڶꡣҵҲֻ꣬˵
಻ס棬װʵöǮƷˡ
Ѳѣ϶ǳԵģҸͷϻ𣬸ǶҲ˷ѡ
һһܹɣ
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ڲڣĸŸŽݣһصĹӿǣ輸ϷŰûһֻӡ
ַû뵽ԼסһԺһڣ̣Ŵ֪ģû뵽סԺˣûȥ̽һ͸ʲôģҲɨʱ˿̣ԹŵĲһ塣
ĸвסɨѸɻѼ˵ˮֻϴС
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˳ӺףԲסҲû뵽
ַҡҡͷ֪޹ء
ֻܹʱӦ׷̫ˣż˰ƭƭĵŮƺҲпԭ
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СպȻһعζϵ˵ķװ걻ϵ⣬Ѽ˵ġ鲻áѵľΪһЦ

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ҹﴫ͡һַȥԭСվſ
㣬¶ϸߵģСЦ˰ɣЦˣСղŽţԲס㣬Ҳ˼
һǴϰɶ
ַЦЦˣϽԷȥ
Сյݹֽŵϰ幧尲ġһС˼
ööΪǩͬһδ
ַһдķͬ
ڵأͭǮ7š
ߣлĵףMoYu񵯣ǧųȥǹһѽ~~

059

ǡʱװꡱĵַ
ϽֱӱԵ̧ͷ򷽾Ȼǽ顣
ϰ˵ý, úС, ѽ
ַеİֽ֣ģˣ
м, 㿴ڣհСʱǰǩ֡ڿʼϰķϣⷿͰ, еǻӴոˮѰ, һµ·ݶʲôġ
ַȴ侲˭ǩ֣
, , ᣬһ, ʡԺƤ
ַɿ֪˭, ȨӦǹе, ʱ˷ڡϰ˰¶, ȷʵܵ
֮, ȴ˲СѾ˵÷ǳΪˡء念, 飬ôĶ飬Ҫô
ģˡֱԣĲ
СһۿΪѣȰȥ, Ǯϰ廹ӿҲǿţŵһüü䣬ü¥ü¥
ַͷһԺи뷨һ
СգѴͳͷҪһĻǮ
Ѽӣ軹Сӷչ̽ͷ̽ԣôˣ
ַѴۺ£ɶ
ûɶô˵ء۾ȴ׷Сӣ·ͷʲôĻꡣ
ַͷһ££ȥȥȥ˯
ѼᣬͣȻͷȥѧУһˡ
пɼˣʦϰÿѧڿһμҳᣬп졣
Ѽͦͦţͳˣʮ
Ӵô˵⺢ӡ죬ɼҿ
ַĦȭƣӹɼϸϸ˺ü飬78ѧ86˼Ʒ΢ЩҲ68֣ȥ겻һݶ˵˳ɶ֪ʶܱסƣ϶
ļҳӵַͣԼҶӼＸķѾǷǳˣ
ѼɫϷӦǹҡӴҸԸӦġ
Сӣ˵ĩأɶַţȴ⿪ģֻҪѧϰȥ˵һǹʮ˰˸Ҳ
Ȼҹ޵ڣùܣҲʡ
ôôŰɡ
ھת棬˵÷Ӵܣҹȥң׼ǣزѾνˡѼҲȻһ̬ĲүүȥĶˣǰ˯ǰһǻû
ֹģҲᰡ
İȻ˯һһҹշת࣬˯ţڶŻµĿӿЦҪã
ĸСյĵ㲦֪϶˾Сֱ֣ӡûϲЩɲС˾һ˫
붼øᡣ
ȥСһ𿪻ˡ
鲻ſţԺûˣȥ
˭֪ȴţѼ
ʵ뺰ġ
ֲ֪úʲôƺ̫ˣ͸ġһɲաͦġ
Сžת˰죬ŷѹûˣֻӣԴˡڶ𣿰ﻹ治ǶǮǶͲһ
˳ת⣬ֻſ쵶ն飬ȴû뵽ôǮ֪롣
ûʲô˵¶ǮУǮˣǾҵòࡣŮϡӡ
ŮˣǮֲôǮ

ַɫȹױöõ飬ŵ׼ʱСУ԰ʣǶ1ֻһҳƺǿҳ᣿
ΣǶȥˡοҲۣŵˣ
سǷǲһҲȥ˸һͷ˵ôÿ
ʦãŵ˵ѧУһˡǲǣ鷳ˣ
ʦ㶣ƺΪ⡣
վǵİˣ治֪飬ʣû˵
ػַԾˣвõԤУû˵ִ˰ɣ
εͷҡҡͷ
˽ңַʶмһţûȱ첲ȣȻЩֽмû߰Ķ
μע˵طæָָߣĴ
ַŷ֣ɫĴڵ£ӴһǱקϵġһڣŵק𣿡
ǣȱǹġ
ԭɹÿ㿪ʼŵͬѧɹû˯ڿһͬѧˣûѼԸӧ˭֪ûպãֱӰѴקˡ
һŤ˲ֻ鷳Ǽҳװһ¡
ַŷְһֲַøղž·֣æϿҵĵǸóʦˣȥҽԺûҼмҩɡ
Сæ֣òãҽԺء
ַͷſ׸ߵĴ
ھøҳ˵ôѼȴһֲ©˵ôװҪûߣҪûߣֻ̾
СӣƤ
Ϊ໤ˣ͵Ϊɵ¸𵽵סѧУַصݺߺУѧѧûˣһƨɡһѼ
ôô˵
ҡⲻ
ⴰغʵôŶܰѴȥֲ𣿡
Ѽ죬СԹʲôʱ򽲹ֻҴ
ֹʲô
Ѽ⣬ӡ֪ԭί˵֪Ϊ֣ӦҲɡ
֪֪֪ûְ֡
ôݣôװأȻСҲ֪ܶҲɲˡҲʱ˵ԭ
Ȼַȷʵ߹ԼǼ򵥣Ҫ׽Ȧѣٹҹȥֱ졣ִȹӣѼ¥Ҳ㣬һ˲ŽŹңҲʹϡ
γʧܺ
ʦ˵һ˾˻װ
ѼԴš
Сţϣпϲַֻȥһۣ˺ãٰһС
ⶰС¥ÿ䷿ÿ䶼Сʮƽһ¥ͷõĲ960ƽס
ַͷһǧƽ׵ĴӣԺҪϲǨ׬ٰĿǰէһͦ󣬿ԺǮһݵģ֪ŶԺ룬᲻ڵóӶˣ
ŻڵѪ

һ᲻£ڰ칫ڱ𴦡̫Ѩס⼸Լǲ̫ˣ߻
ŮĶô뷨ɶƽɶС
ϰ壿
񣬿ſڡ
ִһûȹӣüãϣ£¶ˮۺ«Ƶġ
ˣҸݲ衣Сյͷѡۺ«нȥƨƨһò裬˫ַϡ
ַ̫ϰôڣܾ̬ȺȻת֮󣬱ֻ칫΢ԶЩ
⸱Ҳͦ˳ۣˣȥˣ
ַСͳͬżɽϰķܷתңԸһת÷ѡ
Ϊ⣬ֻ̧ü˵
û뵽ƽʱЦΣˣʱȴбϣӡ֨һӦǻ˶ȡַҲŷ͵ȸһ꣬һ֮ڱض壬ͬʱ֧Ϣ
ɱдʸ߶ˡ
˼ЦЦҲ֪СûǮģҾˣ͸һǽܵ˺ܲ
ɫȴԽԽѿ
Ҳֻ֪һǽ

鲻֪ݺݵغһۣҲҪǮֻҪˡ
ַˢĺˣû뵽ôֱӡ
̬һѪġҪ
ˡˡ
鷳װɵ㶣ҶŮݺҧһڣϻҶ㡣


060

ַȻۼֿ, һѽԸ
°֧ͷ, ̾𶯡
ҡǡ
ٷϻ
˵ҡ
ٷϻһ, ԣ
ַּգеԼûĺ, ʶʱΪܣɡ
ȻһĴ, 㳣, ϵġ
ʱŮԽֻԽӼԷ, ͷİ칫һþͻᴫȫؽ֪, ʵ
ʱġֻΪɾ, ԼҲЩ
ܸͻȻġʶʱ, һ, ĵ㣡֪ͷ㻹, 㣿ԭͿ֬Ĩ۸ľ
ǰŮǲмڶ࿴һ۵ġŮúù˼ҴӾ, 컨֦չһͲǺ
ڣ
ţ㣡
ַСֹЩ߰ģڷĲŵֱһģһκоû١š, Сĵڸ֮γһССĿռ䣬ԷٴɶԴ󷢡
򡣡
ԳԼĽź֪ۡ
ȱҾǾѾô࣬㻨ôǮ
вɢɢ
ȻǸҲ֪ޣֻȸ򶨽β֤һ֮ڸ壬ת÷һ£۶ҶܡǷһ
ͬڸֻܻȥ衣ٶ࣬ӦܽӦãعƴҲжʮ򡭡ʵڲд
ֻʶޣܾͬҴ򽻵;
·߾ȹЧӦòԸҲʨӴ󿪿ҧһ⡣ڴӽΣ
ԺҪܲǨˣû
ַɲŮ
˿ת֪ڴʲô⡣ֻ֪Լ⣬ԣҪ󲻱䡣
ַ˿ڿˮҪԴܿɫ
Ľëסͦı棬ǽס촽ǲˮַϵˮǿյģ촽ԵøＫˡ
ζ
ޣַʲôأξԳǷǣϱӵôҲû
ޣ²ʲôģֲӣ
иСζġ
ޣǱˡһˣԼ߶óԡ㡱˶һµʲôζɣ
ԣ
ûĴ𰸣ֻʹԼһѣޡüͷɫͨ죬һһ棬һ㽡
δϼìֱܵǸҪйءݺ̳Сʮ꣬ԼֱšһεףҲǼŴף׶ԲǺڲȫйм˻ԣӨŴ˭ûУûǮ
ֱ׾ǲһʱҲ˵Ķһֻ֪һĳزīףйûġ
Ժŵʦ˵Ļ⽲Уš
ϣ˰СʱĹ򣬶ϸĸǧǮ¡
͵ڣȫضæŰӡīϺζ˱ǣŴһоӮ˴ҵһա
һ׬Ǯȸĸ泯һķ˼ʮͷ
·𳢵ѪȵĹǡ
һΣŵζðСʱһɾӵķ
ȴ󣬳ɲνҿɲᡭϼҴմ״ʵĶ㡣
ַĻ˳һΣݡ
ҵΪġץֲڵצצԼؿڡ
ϣһһ¼ʵ
ѼȺڵĴвһƺܵͣӲûһ˿·һ֮ϡ
סˣһܰİɡ
вüһ˵ڵģ
ַջ˼Сʣʲʲô
һŰϣ۾𣿡
ַҲ˲Ϻ߸ղôûע˸죬еȻû£ţҽˮƽԽԽߣûβõĲ˰֢
ͷǸСӣҲԭ̬ȻйأϱֱҲû˵˭˰֢
ԳһЦβá
һ棬ûЦʱġЦȿ޻ѿ
Ϊ
ַͷһ뵽ϱǰӣɤ۷·סֻгûнɫϣһ˫ƵĹĳǸʱѾоʹΨп־;
Ȼһɲ̡
ôôãȻ壬δ캦෴ǳˣТ˳ĸƴͯö־
Ҳ֪ĶһѱסͰҵͰҲ˵ӡ
Ը۾֪˿϶ڹ
ôһˣôһүϹۡ
һ㶣ؿֻԼŮˡ
ȴӵظ
֪
š
ҡûӡֶ̣עѹ׽
ɶ
ɿһظ裺ԡ
ǣȵȣ㲻ǡϽס죬ôô
˺ֿܶܣľ֢Լһ飬ȴޣŲҪ
Լס֣۾ȻûͷĻϲ⣬ֵĪΪǡʲô
ַôܳϣȻ֪ǾŻϲ
ϲ֮࣬ɣ·ӳһ
˳һ⣬ԼټҪƹ⣬췽ҹ̷ȤɴҸˣ˫˭Ҳ˭
Ҳ˵һˣǷ涼̫С
鿴һϲһǣΪ֪ĳȻ߳ŭ
°ͣҧгݣԡȻҲˡ
ַҪӣ
ߴɢȻ
ֻ˵·˿ڱϡ
Ӱľڡ
󡪡
֪ôϲЩεСŮЩСŮֻ̬δСǻȻɣŮˡǼֱʩЧ򭣬
Ů˾ҪŮ˵ӣ¹ܷ黹Ƿ.ɧ¹лǹ·ͣʲôϲʲôģŮ˾͸ʲôġ
ַҪ֪Լһ桤Դ󷢣Ҳסġ
Ȼûкҩ
칫⣬һƬž
˴ŷ쿴ˡһ𡱣ǡȲ缢ƿʡĹһ죬䡣Ӵſڣʵʱתս
ַȥ˷ȥˣ
ӴŮ§
û

ӴȻϰ
ȥȥȥ㶮ɶͷܴβ͡
ǡ˻һЦ
ǰΪϰ岻ŮɫԭûŮɫ
ַ֪Լ̸ĴۣȻô󡣵ȳŵʱˡ

صңڣҲѵõĸ˺ɫˣ
֪ιʣͷҿֻܵġšһ
Ŵ´ġ֦չֲһ
ãҪ
ַ˦ۣݡ
ڴϣ뵽칫ǼӵĽţ̲סһ鲻ԸͶ룬һΡٺ١
С£ϲ˾ǲһ
ǵģϣԼȷʵôһϲ۴òƷͥΧǶѼģϲ
˵֣һ浥Ƿǳļӷɽô棬һۿȥͲϲ
ǵһۿģıݣ
кصĽǮףͨȴ
ȻַͨˣҪΪȽ黹ǮŮˣ
ߣ߿ȡµϢһ죬3·~ôҾõ~

061

ڶһ磬ַС, Ըȡֽ, ȥ
ʣµдǷ, ǿҪӵɶ
СղʲôǷֻ˫ֽӹװƱĲ, ٳǰϰ彻, ﻹһ٣Ȼ, ɶֽǮ
һЦ¡
, ת÷ǧôû£һ, ҿԼӡ
ٲ٣Ҳ̫ˡϰû˵ջǲ, , ٿѾˡ
ַóǧݸ, ɿ
Ȼڸе˼, ɾ˻ǵ塣
ܿ죬СսһС, ϰ˽£ȥк͹ֽ֤ҡ
СӺٺһ֣ͨһҹͣȫ˾֪ϰδϰھ, нˮ¥̨ȵ¡
ϣģ׵ģҲַȥֻ֤Уʡ˲¡
صҸպʮһ㣬ϴæӹĲˣô࣬һ˵ϴȥء
˳·ˣôϴˮ
СɵЦľ񡣡
ʮµˣƨ
ַװĺһۣﻹðɣ
أֵҩû꣬ȽѾò࣬µˡҲûҲû£ġ
ֻҪãַûɶĵġ
ڲ֪ĶȥˣÿڡַŹжΣưСʱը˳ԡĹͷ̵ˣһС̲ˣ˵ķ˾ͳˡ
Ѽ˺ϰߣԷǰһҷѽأ
ִͨѪպŹǣ
ܰɺóˣѼպһݸ˾˳ôԵġ
һڣɫѿ˲ӬƵġ
Ѽʣô˾ˣ
ŵæͷ̣㵱ЩɱԻӡƤǲһ
ѼЦֵ߰ʣỨЦ
ַش£ֶ˾ˣƤˣ
æͣǣûУҡϲ
Բ˾ˣԭһġ
ùȰԴ޾ǵƤЩûۣͷЩʹĺӲһ
ַʵڸ㲻ӵЦĶѰһ仰ҲЦǰ£˾ȥװ
˭֪ѼȴȻãװˡ
ţ
ģĳȥװģͬѧˣһĪ֪ЦʲôЦ
ֱַݺݴ£ú˵ٸƤЦ
ѼѵİЦˣž˾˼üŪۣʱʱ򶶶ڷĲ
ַȴû˼ֻǷĵĸл顣Щ͹ػĸ׸˵ģкӡ
㲻ϵСһϣַϸҪĺͬ͸վݣ־ͭǮ7ŴӴ˿ʽΪĸ˲Ʋ
ҲõĻ⣬Ҳᱻˮϵ磬Ҳõһǧƽôô䣬ǽ˶У
ĺϢȻҪѷԼָһ¥Ǽõķӵҿѷװô
ϸ߸͸￴ѽƵġ
ͻȤˣмëǮ㻹֪
ЦЦ㣬¼ɵöǲҲһɳˮĶ׿ӣҲûζ
ַűʼǱһ
У㿴˶Ьӵģˮ
ĸҽԺˮӪƷɶģ𿴲ۣɶǷǳǮġϰնﶼǮЩĶһҲġЬһθƽ״һ֧СӣĶѰˮҲʣơ
ʵַĽ
˭Ǯ಻ǣ
ˣŶŵģΪСǮѿֵ
ǽ˼ǡĪ硣
ǿԾһɵġ
һ֪ɡЩ벻ҽԺǮ޷ʳסУºʳѾռססԺĪǸͨйصģ
ѽ㣬ƽʱ۴ԴϣôľͷƵġָָһͣҽԺſڵСγǳ
ɫĳͦ񣬵º͸ɾŴ򿪣һƯŮˣһٺϻǵľ뿴ȥ俴Ƿ¶ˮҲŲζŮʻɫɲ͡
ַһ˼ǿꣿ
ѽôôɵ
ҽԺһҽԺҽԺͯҽԺļҽԺſûģǰȥˣһ˿ģǻǼǰۣ
տʼҲⲻˣͼ仨ôô󣬶¹ˡ
Դ棬֪ҪԣҽԺж
һ㶣ȻЦѽ㿴㿴Ůͻ
ԭĽǿ⳵Сرߺɽضͨ˹·ĸӵĲӵȴܡ
˭г˭ҶС
һ㶣ʲôʱ˵г
ַŵ⡭Ӧòɡ
ԣ˸˵ģŮҲţҲǮ¾͵֡
ַԾҲ֣
˵мῪģ˵ӳɱۡ
һͨɣҲҪʮ򣬹һǧƽĴӣͨģСҲҪ.򣡾óǮµĳӣ˭˿
Ҫϸ˵Ȼſըһѽŵæͷ
æطŮõɫȿ㣬ʲǵƷͷҴᣬǿһû÷
ֺã͹Ƶġ
棬ַܵĵͷҲ
÷Ȳ
ӭ٣㿴СҲòȡˣֻǹ˿͡
ַһڵ꣬æͬкһȥ
һ·ġСԸ÷˫۷Ź⣬·Ǽ⣬ָһ·Ҫԡ
СҲʶٹ˿ˣһָʹ֪ĻǵһΡ
Ÿɶ֪˭Ѽã׹á
С۾һϽ㣬źȵˮҸҺš
÷죬¶һڲβĻ
ֲ˵ַǮˣٶټѼţ򵰻ųԣһݵ·һͺüʮҪҲң
Ȼ󱳸оһ⣬һͷͶַЦЦæѸ
ⲻɣô·Ҳ֪ʲôʱꡣ
Ŷ
˷ѰҼûģɡ
ַüðŰۡ
÷һңǮ
ŶûǮǾ͵Ǯʱ򡣡Сʾ£Ҳ˵ûҵʺĺš
㣡
÷ָ˵
ַ۽һ̧¶һСۣƤϷڡ
÷˳ߣæֱۣ㣬Ѽүܵġ
ǣǣ
⼸Żûأһһһ˫
ΪԸʶȤ˭֪ҵʱŷɳϿأ輸һѰֽŵºһӿǶ
ַüëһ̧Ҫʺʮ˴첲ȴ˱ס
ѼûסһһɨġŴѵöɫ÷ɷϽѵɨˣ㿴ⶼʲô
ֵַǣϵĴʶȻʹġ
ڣǼ鼴
ȻԵһ룬ͷѿһţĳ˵Сìܣǻûۻס졣
ǵ۾ַǸ֪
ַͷˬ벻ס⣬Ϊһ֮صĸоǳˬ
ֻסһû⡣
һɶסģ
÷Ůɲֹô򵥣˵ˣôȥñŴһһɣ÷ססá
Ҿѵġ
ߣлͶ~

062

ַⱩƢɨѾҪ, Ŵס
ÿ
, ˣڶķϡֻôһ׽㰡, ƽʱвԵĵطôĥҶ, ɶ÷治ܻȥ͵˰ɣ
ƽʱֳӲ, ⻹ǵһʹ, ַһʱ治֡
÷, ˡ
ͷҲŹ²һʶ, 򸣹һûʲôˣ͵ôûҲп͵ķ, һ
˶, ַɨѻȥ
Ѽ˵, , ö飬û, 㲻ϲԺٻǡ
ǣԭĸ˴սֳںѼ˵飬ڵȻҲǽֵ˵, ÷Ǳ˰£ҪٲŵСûˡ
ӵķϣַǿͬסһ
Ӳ£һߥ޾ˡ
ۻûͣ˹Ķ׸Ϊʵڹſеġ塱ֻϡǿӦˡ
˵ǴʱͦˣС
֪ǰɣǾһʹ
ŴɨѣȻҲԼ죬㡭զͬˣֱʲôˮɡ
˵סһû⡣˵ţַͷҲصĻ˷䡣
ӦҲ̫˰ɣ
ܸо̤ʵ
ܵܿҾ˵ͬɣүүЩĻš
Ѽͷ֪֪ˣɲ״Ÿշѧͱүүݽ˺ܾãЩĻǽ̵ģԴҵúܡ
ȻֲǸš
룬Ȼʣ˵ү̻裿
Ѽԥ϶谡
ַ¥ζӡѡվӦøˡһ뵽ڽ̵ģĺѡ
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̡裬ҽӹ̫̫ķУʹţ㣡
ĸͷģ˵ڼҲ緹רȥѧУſڳߣļô
Ѽ緹ζһʱһ䣬ǰ棬ְѧУſڵߡַѼ߲֣Ӳùġ
϶СʱҲֻûóԡ
ôʲôϵֲġ飬ַһȣСģ
Ѽ㿪ħצҿУԡ
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ĸŷġʱ仹磬Ҳûʲôˣвסɴˮ裬ӲѷװⶼĨ顣
Ѽܿ꣬Űæˮˮϵͣһ̡һ̡̫̫òС
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ȻҲÿֻҪ϶СֳˣҲӣҪһаŮǸϽð̡
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˭Ҳ°ƾɶöϱգǶû֮
ֹû֮Ǵǳˣ
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ΪѼӣҲΪԺȫ˸³ǻش壬ֻܡ赶ɱˡ
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ףɵƵģѼȻ
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ЦɶأԷˣѼӹĹĵģĸӳšָ̡˿ӣԣҭŰ
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Ȼһӣ۵㡣
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ַò˼ô˻Ƶ͵ԣؼ˻ûء
һɶѼȺͳҲˡĸֱӵݹһ롰öɶֻõĲλ
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ӣûԹһμȺͳСʱޣһֻ÷ּٳԣԶɻʹġȲϣңֻǸп޵ıķ
ԸܵˣɶУĸ׵ģЩöӡ
ҶŹˣζ
ڽĸִԼܾ谮ĺӡ
ַۿʪ󣬽ΪʲôôãõǳΪһˡ
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ߣַŵСǣ㣡
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Ŵ㹴ü, ɴ֪Ϊɶûֻֽܴ, ι˯, ѷϡ
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δ˵꣬ž͡۵һӲ߿
ĸĹײȿӡ⡭÷, ү㿩
ſվŵȷʵ£ϵЦȴһ¶ҲûС
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ȥ괺ʱţ, ˫̥ʱԲֻѼ, ѼСģǴȴðһȦ硣
ôҲżңɴСˡ
¡ιһʣǳأ
Ŵһ㶣Ь÷һ㡭ôˣ
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Ⱦɣ㡭ȻҲţסա
ҲԾԾԣɱô˵û裬ۡ
ƽʱ۵ıֱǵء
ŴסŮҲԼŲԾ˵ıָŮ˵ԵɺԲϡһƨϣ˴һŮˣ⻹𣿡
ɱַǶҹŮҪ˴
ַڸʵˣǲԸۏˮ
ĸǸˣΪæƽݸѼһ˳Źˡװ޲ϲЧãֱ硣
ټѼȻĶƬá֨Цѹ֪ͷʲôɳϣбţüѵ
泳
긾ŮƽʱżҳҶ̵ͦԣɱˡ˭Ҳȥֻ֣Զź󣬴ŷ͵͵۲졣
ŴƺġϽáҲԸæ÷ñͷ󴮣Ժ׷ӿ׷¥ϣ֮
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һ겻ĵӻ輸ϵˮҶޣ¥ϸ䷿ư裬ʣĹͷŹҴõģϴһա
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סѼˣԷ룬˯룬Ͽ롭ûףͳˡ
үүҪ˽ˡֳҲַ˵Ƿסլٻ˲Ʋֻꡣ
÷ҵģַѳת޵Ըͷϣͬ˽ˣֻ⳥޴󡪡һ顣
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ַ֪ҲĶŪǮյһ飬ǩºͽͬ飬ǰŸճţžȥְѻˡ
ӶԸ÷൱Ǿһҡ
ϣַֻӹһ⣺ȫض֪Ѽи粻Ĺùãô̧ͷҪѧУʦͬѧ֪ùԺҪһҵĶɾҪˡ
ڷȥҹ˯ţڶǰѶ÷ͻͷɡ
裬֪չѼף⣬һڴһʲô̼ô죿ҪѰ˶̼ɾͺҲˡ
ŵð亹
ҪǻȥչûǰʮǮһµѣ
δ˺һʱ˾裬ڴӦ
ϻسѿһ䲻һ°ʮһǾŰ칤ʻٺ٣ǮǮνҪ¶÷벻
ڼ͵ıӰַͷһЦ
ߣл2020-03-02 11:20:23~2020-03-03 10:57:23ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹ(CC) 28ƿ
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ͬʱ¼䵽ļ䣬ʿһ䣬Ůʿ䣬ټˮͰ䡣
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æҵģǳףڸϵýҲʵַֻÿȥС
ϰָͺóԵˣͷһһȺСӻͷ۰ͰͿַڽ
촩ûȹӣë£ֲͷһ׻ɫķ£͸ʮϺϵĦŮƵġ
ȰĻЪЪԶ硣
һͰƤѾֺã²ˣһһ룬ܳԡÿ˷һƿ׽ơƣǳˬڡ
ȻÿҲͻʮǮ˶˵󷽻ˣԸΪӰӵ㣬ԭƻʮĹ̵졣ⱻˣ׬Ŀɲֹ⼸ʮ顣ɹڼ仹æɨʡ˲
ַţԼһմȾ˽ĻëȻôܸɳǮ
壿Ѽһש̧ͷ
ô˳һۣ۾ȫӰϡ
費ڼдҵæء
ַͷ˳ЦЦϹ˵ʵͶ˯ߣϷһ࣬ҽƱ˵˯š
ȻǶ˵ģ˵ȫǸ޹صĻ˳ʧ䲻ѣ֮
ַװûȻѻ⳶Զ
˳˿ѾĵĿȫǵ跿ӣŶѾҵˣѡ
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ַһ㶣ͨ籨ţ
ҪллѼզ壡
ԭǽĳӡ
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ģˡĶӡ
ӱǿߡһ
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ЦСѾǴСãȸܵѵ˭Ҳѡ˵Сﲻǣ
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ŮںббĿţȹǰ׶ƵֱۣȻױסҲ֪ʲôãȻҶüܺãƫҪͷĨһ̵صۣҲͿúģˮϵĺΣ˺޲ҧһڡ
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ۣСӲŻֱӻȥ
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鸺ѸֲֵͬĳƱַ࣬һһѵÿһƤһһ飬ȷһŲһŲ١
ǮĹ̺㻨˰Сʱ˷ܵġȻǧٰʮ飡
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ڶ죬ַǱȻѵġ
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˵ҪҺ͵ܵȥ, Ƕϳˡ
ַһڴӦ, һָˡ
촩·ɣ緹̸׼, ǳϳԡȻƵ, ¹, ȹô
ַΣڲĵĲǴʲô, ǵô죬׿˸ͷ
ѾС㿴, ҲʶĽ㡣
ַɿ, ˢͳš
Ѽȵòͷ, ҲǻʲôŮľ鷳
鳶, 顣
ַѽչϳ, ĸһԹԣ·ϳ԰ͷɾ
ҿɴ±±, Ĵָĺ޵ĲݮϴɾòͬĺӸŵ롣
ллӣȥɣͷ󡣡
ϣͷú氡СǵķҸͣ㿴š
ĸתݣϴԹ񣬺ɸ֣Саţʲô֣
ɽզզ죬һ׶Ӳ
ٲϾͲˡ
ɽ
Сֻ費ߣ߻ʵԶ˭Ҳܲ
㣬Цд󵱻Ů󵱼Ȼɣ϶ǱǴģôꡭȻ޶ܴˡ
ɽСնһۣҲ϶ϰ

·ϳ٣鿪ò첻Ѽʻָֻţ޲ÿԸĶи䣬Ķͷ
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Ȼ밶ףˮףֻǳǳ֣һĲȥǺëˮǾԱҲһ
ֱϺݺݴһ£һۡ
ַҲŵáһôô㣬궪ۻûأҪ˵ɣֲô˵ġ
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ڼʱ䲻ֻ࣬ĸ˵Ѽ趥죬ɤű軹󣬶ϴС壬Ǵ򲻹˵ֲͷòУǿѹȥҲǿڷĲ
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;Աһһͣ΢Σָһ˷˸
Ĺֵĳ״Ƥƣɢһζʳָ󶯡
ַĵǮû׻Сʳؼر󣬳ģһϾǻʵġ
ѼΪʳ˺ϰװءһڣѸپ׽£ǡءڡ
гԵģҲˣԸģĬĬذĵݹҲ󡱼ԡ
Ȼ·ϳ죬ȷʵַ۱紵ҵ䲻ѽ
Ϸ绹ͦġ
Ҳ䡣
æ̶ľԱͷϴˣ̫ʼɽǻɹ˵ŵݹһ֪ĶĺݣСѴؼ档
Ȼתͷ飬ͷŰѶӹлл塣
涮òһнĺúӣҽιŸأ
ַһ㶣ָָѼ
ԱϥϿտյİװȵ㡭ˣ
Ѽԣͷ
ϻǳԵι㲻ɣ
ȫˣа˰ɡ
ԱһĴȣЦãӴǲ˳ԵģιŸģ
üͷһ壬æʣ˳˻𣿡
û⣬СǾҲ˵㡭Ա˵ˣӦڰװдŸ
ȻҲԣûȫġ
ַһû£ҲͲˡѼƽʱ׳ţƵģθǳʯͷȥû⣬ٶ֡
ͷЦЦ˵˼ο͵Ȥ£ת˴ҵעûٻϣССһѵˮ棬ŸǡڡȥʳֻܿƬĳûһˮָֻƽ
ظΣһʼʸУǾʹסˣҪ½ؿĶ
ĴĸСʱģСʱʣµʱ仹ˣΪ˸мûǮ˼ССϺǣɰѽ˻ˡ
һ·һ·߶ȥҪĶСȡСɫϺ׽С硱˶Ц
⡰һĿڡеĸߴŮõ壬СҲǴݰ׸ɸɾȺǳҫۡ
ܵŮͶĽĿ⣬ַͦͦţ鿴ܵǰܺƱˮʳֻҪͺָʲôһ֡
԰˶࣬˼ӣȻС״קƤߣѼġһššض顣
ϳͺ˯ĺǣҪ컹ϿΣַ治ǻؼҡסƵ꣬ϴð
ӺӾ￴˯ɣ˽㡣
ַҲ˰ɣ
鲻ÿɷ񣬳ӿʼʻϸ١
лл㡣ѼһĶ԰顣
СǣǣŽ飬ǧһ˲䣬˵öˡĶΣҲ˰ɣ
Ĭϳ٣ر죬Ҳرʡġ
˯еѼһѣ
ַЦɵСôͿʼˡ
õЦֻһ඼۵ģʹˣܵиңиӡǹޡ
裬
ַ󱳸·ӣȨ
㻹ȥݵҹʵﲻ£ũ峤˭û㱻ҧҲǼҳ㷹ˮء
Ѽûеõ⣬Ҳ
תҿƤǲˡ
תãһת¶һͨСǷ˰ɣ
ַæͷ¶ȻƽʱߣҲںɫϸһƤϾȻ¡ˮĶܴƬֲǣţҲ˺ۡ
һæڳһֻ·ǰضǡ
ڸϣͷǲܵģһںأӦҲûС鵱ϣѳӿҲ೵źûϽͣ¡
ߣʵĴϺҲʱᣬƱһμ棬ǸιŸͦͦġš

066

ûӡѸԼİ׳£ܵӺһٶ׵ĵط߾·, Ѻĳá
ַ֪Σ, ҳҪ˶ΪѼǱҧˣжˡ
ССż, ѼɫȻףԭȵĳ.˵һɶ
ַ֪Ϊʲô, ͻȻвõԤСĸ׵ıܽסúúãҡ
ѼȻҺá, 
ȸղ΢֡
ַæؿ, Խ, Խף麹Ӷǻ䡣
Ҳ֪۵, յѼֹ, , ·ˮҪҸԴԴϵĳڡ״̬ԽԽԡ
Ȼ󺰣͵ܵȥҽԺ, 
񱼹, ǵúͷĳεεΡ˻ӳ̽Դ
ַḺ̌, 򶨶ˣɵİţȻǰƽһ淢ӣһԼ·ӻȥԴ¡
ָ, ַҵĹǣһһհ졣
򼱾ȵ绰ִһ󣬱ҽԺԺ칫ҵĺ롣ղͨͱȥˬıԼһ񣺡ϰ塣
ǺشûҲ˵
Ĵ󣬳侲ͯʮ꣬ƣѣŶʮӵŸٺǿڣ׼üȡ
֧֧˵ʲôôһûõ𣿡
ַ֣ͷһôˣ
ûش𣬡žһ˵绰ִҽԺҺĸȥÿζԺԽӴһͯӦõҽշվȺ
ҵ绰Ѿһ.ȥԵķ硰ﴵεۡ
ַ䵽Ѽæش
ͷҲء
ַŵ֣ľګġһҡһ죬Ѽ԰׵ɫ·ʬ⡣ԼǸһô
ƽʱ̵С¯ʱַ
Լʬ⡣
ַԼֱһѣʹѣסӵ֣һҪúõģһúõġ
ѼѾ˵ˣֻӺߺߡĸ׻·һֻ˵СޣѰĸ޵ıӻ
Ȼǰ޳ˡܵܲӣûģƽʱöƤԺǽȥôˮȥӾˣô͡
Ů˾ͻޣҧأŲȵף·һ㴩ڳ
绰˵ʮӣҪȵշվܵͷٴӺǵ߷УҲʮӡַһֱѼҲûעӿж죬ȷӦʱֳӿƮˡ
һ·Ʈ߷ڵʱ򣬾ȻҲŽ
ûͣȣ³Ѽ
ѼҲ֪ô£ȻԸ۾ַ裬衣
һ۵ĺ·ѧ׶ڴůǰȫ
ַҲ̲סӣѧʱĵһ衱ǶŴģǶŴĳʶ˺ġ
ȷһһǺ
°ȥҽԺҽһû˰ǽ廹ǵ屧㣬豧֣鱧˾Ȼ
ҽʿӹȥ֣Ѫѹ40/25겻ݿ˷աܿˮ£ֻһ
ȻռСԼͷﲻæ˵ңַԥ¡
һֵˡ
ֵС
ؿһۣͷһϳš
ȻХȥҲûǵ̫ãܿиСַܵȻԳǽϰˣСյͽܡ
Ȼ޵˫ۺףַ۾ƾС˵ʲô޶ԡ
ַĬţδʹ޹Լѧ鵽ʱ٣ֻżӵô£ô֪󣬽ҪнȫָĴϵѼ˵͡ס
Ѽһúõģղ˵С衱£
ǵҽԺʱר˵Ⱥ򣬲Ǵſڡ
ϡϡ˼ˣûǾվſڡ
ô
ɫȾȻʱöˣ§ݿˣжϺ
ַûϺʳ緹ǽĸģ緹Ǹ߷еСԣûʺʡ
̾һιŸϺۡŸϺΪʳȻϺۣߵ׳ɷֲ䣬һ԰ճȥ;ˡ
ƤʵԸӣϳ˷磬ͻȻԽԽء
ַûϺ¹ҲûԹ治֪ѼϺƽʱҲֻ˵ģϲԡ
ɺ޵Լʱֻ̰Сˣ¶һ䣬ҲʳַЦȻмǮˣﻹǸûũ帾Ů
Ҳңû
ַͷһůǵģԸ̫ɣ
Ҫ˵ҵſˡ
ϰ壬ӵѪѹˡ
ͬʱɿ
⺢ûбĹԴ
ַ֪ʲôйԴܲµȷҡҡͷ¶ԷΪûС͵Ҳȷ
ûз״˭֪ȱλǰͷĵطʹ˲үү̲ڼңҲֻӲ
ΪĸףǷѼʵ̫ˡ
׸ϣ§Ļš
Ȼ۰ͰͿҵţֹأֿƽƳüˣûеܵܡ
ûһСܰѴݹϰ壬վ
һ§üҪ˵שͷﴫһϤ϶С˵ѼˣϲأûҽԺ
˻ɫû¡
ѽвУҵȥҪҲľСĵҲĲ㡭
ˣҡ䣬ҵŴ򿪣һŲƳȻȥܵܣܵ
СæҽסϰշɹĴ
ѼȻݿ˷գ˵ûݿˣһʱȻ㼰ʱҲã˻ҺѾˡ
ַ֣о¶Ȼӯ
һֻ֣תҪȥĸռ䡣˭ֻ֪СȴСĴָ塣
ڳֺõЦ
һֻС͹ĳԲӵĹ͹ֻҡβͷ
ʯĳҲܾˣסġ
Ѽſ˫ۺ׵裺ޱˣ
ַһӵۻסšһôֲ˼ģʲôпƲ˵ƣһɫҲûС
С֪ԼΪʲô𣿡ҽⶺҳԶǵĻԺ㶼ܳϺŶ
Ѽ̫ãӦҲģš۾һֱ벻裬ٺ٣Ҳˡ
ֿǣȻСҶ֪ܿģһΪҲˡ
н㣬Ժ󶼲㶫ˡ
ַֿˣͣǰһӻðһֺͷ
ˣѵһʱ˵һ٣Ƥ֡
ˣ˵䣬ʡ
Ѽְ۾ϣͷַûĹâ
ϣֻ̽ҪҪҹСӾŽҡͷҪҪ塣
ƺǲϵʧ䣬æȣúϢãܰ
ǺðɣʲôһҪҴ绰ַ飬ȻҴġ
ƵҽԺ棬ǳҪСǰãǶ䡣
СӰºܵķ¥㻹ǴѼĵ˼䲡һܿ顣Ȼм·Է˵ʲôܿİġ
ַɵĥԼҪҲô¿׵İ־ͺˣ룬
ת˲뵽æǰæĽĳˣ̲סǣһСܻܵǮʵڡ
Ѽˡ


067

ҽҲѼĻָٶȣ, ˯һûƵġ˭뵽ʱ򶼿ݿˡ
Ѽ, ֻСȸҿԻؼ𣿡
ôôѧǸúӡ
ַǳ鴤
Ȼ, ųҽԺţŶӶ, ߣǰܶ༦˿ܶ֡˵ʿˮ
Ȼյܵ, ҽ˵θ⼸첻ҳԶŶ
Ѽ̾, ˶Σ, Ǹǹ裬ڹ԰ſڿ, ôſ˫ֱȻװӵ, ವĴȸ
ⲻʲôҪ, Ҫͷ, ַԣ, ˵õĩġΪ˲ΪΪͷԺ󻹲ñ䱾
Сװп, ˵ղžΪ
Ҳ뵽磬ӣʱ
ѼߣҪҪɿ辯, ãֻƵĲġ

صǣȻĹĵġ𸸽ĸɽСֱ·߽ǣɰ̫̫ۻˡ
ҶС˵ˣǳԻӴС죬Ժ󻹸ҲҳԶ˵ŭĻȴ§
ʮİкĿ֮£ֲڵģѼܿȥû¶ССˮˮħӵιʹ㿴ִң
ľѻ졣
ַԼһᱻ
ôСֵ¶ĸֺֻǺǡע⵽Сֿ϶һˣ˵
ѼҲ峤̡Χת⻼ѵĸǲһ
ȷϹûˣַһʱȥ
Ѽôû°ɣ
û¶ôһ𣿡Ȼ˵Ů
Ǽ£һҲæġֻһ۽ǫ̂ǰ˶ʵ͵ׯڶ͵ȴ١
˵ûС
ͽӶأ˺ööóԵġ˵ԵģЦֻС
ַЦŵͷһȦչʾ·绻ϲˣ
ţأٽһֲĳɣöأ
Դַİ׵׺ڲ³ֺ·ںǾ͹ӦҪ·ҲݣˣأֻҪ̧ͷͦؾ͸Ȼࡣ
ȥڵʱֿһղ˵Ҳˡֻõļ󲿶Ӷ¥ϵʽֿ⣬С£Ƶɢܡ
Сȴˣæ͵ģǾûе⣬ûԼᣬСæϢ
ַˣСУҵڶҽԺϰ࣬СæǷض
Ҳ˰°࣬͵ˮȥ
㲻֪һһһ죬ӪҵȻҲпҵʱһ룬ô˿ͺ͵ӣС϶ۻˡȻҲԹǸù
ַһӣҿţǳ緹ͻؼϢɣȫ칤ʡ
СЦұæŻȥʲôʱҪʲôʱʱ
ַ˶٣òȥʡ
ȥȥãÿ춼ܻؼҳԺóԵģ·ÿ»ַԴϲס
Ҫҵϰɣȫְ֡С̫ˣֽŸɾ˵ڿҵͬĽǶȺù˿ĸԸǮ
СַܵţԼҲʱҸˡ
ȫְʲô
㰴ϣҰ·ʣһ¸Ϣ죬ʡ
С۾ģԸԸԸ⣡ĸ첲ֱҲ칤ʵܸ轻Ǯ
ַЦãСһϰһӦܰ½Ǯ
ҪܵĻס޾ȥǼң׼ķ䡣
⡭᲻鷳ѽ
ᣬҿݶ࣬Ҳȫ
ⳡƸѸİ嶤ÿ¿ʮ鹤ʣԹס⻹ͼ·ĺùŵҲңСŬ
ǲģ;ַֻؼȥѼС˯ڽңСﻹģ

ϣĸָɽ
Ѽôûɣ
ҡҡͷ˯úƵģѧɰ˻ˣӲĥСս
ʲôǲ˰ɣⲻ
ü˵
ַɿӹһֻһ˷ݡ
ԣҳȥһȦ棬ֿ˿ϿõĲ㣬˼
СЦеĴӦϣϲ˰ҿžСգգۣ˿ͷ
ԣס
ַƳţûؼ𣿡
ֻѣҡһ˲ů
ߣʲô
ǲؼҳԡҪԼ˼
ȻڴԼϲһֻѹѹ·磬ܡϴβһ˳һûڴȥҳûСϱĽ뽿ߡ
Ȼߵַߣм֡
һһɧϰͷʲҪ̫ߡ
ַ޵⣬Щ۲ʶôãȴֻüǮֻǣԽԽİС·Ųԡ
ȥĶ߶ˡ
ѡ

سܱһСӪĴӣмԶĻǽ嶼ˡ˵ǰĳλľɾӣɭϣ˶
ʯʡġ굾ȵһϵˮ·ɫ磬˶ѵִָɽżǼƣһͻ
Ѽ˹ʾӺʮ״ǽԺǹɫСԺӣͦ
ϽˣϽ͵ˡһߴӭż䣬ϴСֵָĽӡ
Ӵ⡭ַ
󡣡죬Цֻǽ飿
һַ֣ܵǣǰܴ󳵵ġ
ַЦŵͷǸ磬á۾ȴܿƵִֵָȥͷǶӣлƵģ̵ģģģÿֻĴ̴ľɫ顭ɢһǮζ
ʵ̲סЦ
Ǹ˾˻˫֣ϱ϶ϽһһͭζǴˣ治ŵģϲʹ
ַ˼ЦЦǸǫˣǿѵõˬˡ
ݣ˻ͦ࣬һԶһԶģۿȥ߰˶ԶеĶǮˣŮһòַ룬ûһԭ䡣
ϽҲǡ
ȻǳԳԺȺȴ齫ŮǺܿ
Ǽҿ˽˹ӣƽʱдˣѹسһ඼û˵ôطһȺʯʡе磬пģͼģģú󡭡úϰ塣
Ů˵Ը·ϾҶ³ź˾УƫҪԵԸƵģؼƯǻɢĳŮζ˵Ǽٵġ
ַʲôˣֱ߰ڵ̯ҵĹѸӦ˼ֻ˿ȸܿͰǷչɷʱװĹ˿͡
Ժʵ֤һȺǮġ̫̫ǣܿͳʵ˿͡
ôϽײײĸ첲
ȥ
˶һۣĩʲô£
¡
һȺ˿ַֿٺ١Ц˼ʿɶֹ
ַ֣ղҲûϸȥ·ʣȻüëʣ㲻֪
֪𣿽һĩüء
Բ̸£¥Ǽôã
˵ǰһ
סƵľȻҽԺıôãҪҽԺҲһңǲҲô෿䣬¥ϣ͹ݲʵʣ·òꡣ
Ҫɾ͸ɴġ
û뵽ȻԼ뵽һüʣô룿
ϻҪûǮװޡ۲תҹ紵մڡ
һ˵ã
ǽ׵ëķļ⣬


068

ҡ
϶ôҲ˵һⷹ׻ĸ֪ڼȥſŲӿˡ
ɽȻ˰ε, ŲӵҲӲᡣġ
ȥȥȥ, ҪⱾ£ҾǲӶҲֵ
, ڵĴšһСֵ˵, ȥɡ
Ŷ˰Σ϶ȻһԻ, żô˫۾, 治ɫӣ
ĸЦеĿ, ܳȥѹ·ˣ²ԶԹû, Ҫʢ
ҡͷѸٵĻ˷, еܡ

, ַæ࿴, ָͼֽ, ѸòĸòĶƻϣṹˮ·, Сǽˢʲôɫģװ㡣
ҽԺסһʮëҪ󲻸ߣܿ߿˿, ڵˮɱѼǾ롣·ľƵҵı
ǹĶ
Ҫ󣬾Ƶװ޷
ڻǷСǮպùٲڳ˽裬Ҳһӽ赽ôࡣ
û裬˵нлٽ費ѡûʵڿ˿ڡ֪ϲԼ޼ɵʨӴ󿪿ڣе㡭满
ˣַҡͷ
Сţɲ٣ֻͲУʱ仹ܿ飬˿ĺǰԡ
˵ûϢأ
ģҲҼǸ˵ϢˣǴôЩǮǸ׬ǮģϢˣôǣ
ȥȥȥ㶮λڲ֣·ǰɡ
һȺŮЦţ󵽹ҺͷļСҳַ̣䶼ˡƽʱҲˣɴϢ͡ڵ˵ǸϢ
ţԿ񱼵ٶ硣ֽ𣬹ԱʶС
ڴϢôģ
긾ŮһۣҪ·С硣
ַٺһ֣ųǮŮ˵ǻ۽𾦣ŽͷȱǮˡ
ʮڣΪߴ֧֣иҵ˽ҵðҪ˶ųӣʱһҲһֵõټ̣ǮǼº¡
ƻ˶ˡ
ַⳡһͻûȥһʱװĹͰҪˡ
в֪ͭǮķδ壬ֻҪ鲻˵֪֪֪ȫѺݷֵ㣬ܴ
ɰֻˣ
ԭдô򵥣
ϢҲûߵĶȥǷǱʲࡣ
ؼǷǮ᲻ڣڻ˶ึϢǷ鲻һһûռ˱ˡ
Ƕ꿽ʣ˼ϲ
ҹζ࣬磬֤Уָ쵼˵СͰˡΪ˾¿°йԱ¹ӣúôһ١
ͷϵװ޹̶ӣװ޲ϣҲˣ¾㱸ֻǷ硣
ڣһĩ¿֪ͨļٵʱ١
Ĵٶô˿죬һڣǵʱǵء
ַЦлߺлӡ
ԭӺܴÿʮƽ´࣬ѴС䣬һ䰲ң䣬߼䣬ǰ̨ʹ⣬ʮշ
ȻԼ˼׼ƻվ׵һһģַҧҧʡλʦӵ컨ƾߵذ߸ʪȫƵ
õϡͼĶʱѾ۵û˵ˡװ޲ϣϻҹսͼֽϣԳ룬ѧҲûô۵İɣ
Сֺȵİ񡣡
ڽĸССĲȻæۣû
ллӣȥ˯ɣһСķء
۲ۣ㷹ɶۡ
Ϊ̫æ߻ˣĸǶѣÿؼҾֳܳɵġ˼ÿͷŵʱöˡ
һԷȻͽûв͸ǽûôﶼ֪ϰ崦ˡŮѾصأˣעԣڸǳΪ
һͬڴڣмԶûôȫϢ˿ЦãʲôС.ƨ...ֻ벻ûд˵ġ
ǰַʵŸ฾һܣʲôǵģַھӴġʲôڵصȱǮʲôôȫ˶֢ɡէһţ༰ϸһ룬ޣ
ȫҪ໰һֶ
Ŵǳ฾ֱӱȥ
ţ󣬱Ϊ˭һԴȫʺ
ƾŻزɵ˾ַٴһЩѼȻŮǶùġϾֹԸҪб
ֲҴ򣬵ãǱɡ
ȻҲһҳԷԴӼнѳСһ𿴵꣬һȥԸʲ١Եĺô
ַȻδôװޣûȫؽ֪ҪƵˡ֣Сĵ˼䣬˫ˣʣʲô׼ʲô׷ûҪ
Ϊضκλõص㣬ͻȺҽԺ֢ߺͼĶˣöô߶˴ϵΣֻҪʱסС
̶ˣЧʸߣҲʡʡʮ췿ӾͻȻһ¡
ƿţ׻ɫǽֽשɫĵذ壬һװ˵Ĵ󴲣һŴСʵ̨ƣβһżױ̨;ӣϴּгˮ׿Ӻԡ豸һ˫Ьһ裬ȫˮǿͷı䡣
ëԡɶģַԸסʹӲãԸɴ಻ˡǰ̨׼ЩһԵģҪȥ껹Ըؼҡ
С˿ûʱϴˢЩֻܾٹ
ͬʱ֪ЩϴƷסùҲĴ٣Ըɴ಻׼ˣһһ
ƵհֳɵġƣͽзƵꡣװ겻ſҵͨһ¡ֻҪϢųȥȥǴȥˡ

컹Ҫȥϰ𣿡
ȥڼҺúдҵ;飬̰氡æˣʲôȻôϾĩˣܺӲڱʲôˮɡ
Ѽ죬أ
ɣæ϶ͻˡ
ѼĹȥû
ַһۣٷϻĥĥ䣬ĸĩ˯ǰҵ
Ѽߡһ͵ɳϣѵѹá֨죬ֽ̯ƽʽ쳤̾ûˡ
ַһۣæżƻƵ꿪ҵҪЩˣûС⺢ԴӲһĹϵͻͽʲô¶ͬ˵Լ⵱ķֻܿվ
еοеʧ䡣
¥ͨźȻԾ޵ʧǳԣڴõ£Ҫһ㡣
ӭۡ𣬽ϰ塣
ԽС۽Ƕɨһ£ֱֱߵ̨°ࣿ
ⲻԷ硣ڼϡεεΡİţ¸ʮҪиǮ
üؿ룬ղѼȦȻֶ㲻֪ʲôӣ
ַ̧ͷ仰죬ϸȥѵʱʹһΡ
üҲ˵ĶԺȫѼ͹С
㴲ϣСһקĴ֣СܴӦһ𣿡
˵һһǧһӦ
Ҫա
ǰڴ˭Ҳ˸ӹգȥ˳֪ͬѧÿ궼ܹһգԺóԵģ첻ʲôᰤ򡭡ĺĽ
дĶǹգֻдɻ̸ɻүүɻֻһøɻա


069

ַû뵽, ѡ
տʼǼ, ÿգҪѹ, Ϊǻز˵żңǼͷ⡣ɺ, ϵͳİܣòΥԼĵ, ÿһ춼ʹ, Ҳ, ӲգȻҲ硣
Ⱳ, Ȼˣ̬ͣѼѾʱ
ˡ
˵ϵͳ, ԴǴʹסԺ, Ǹƺþûˡ
ĪǷŹˣ
͵͵, Զ鷳
ô
ַ˼, ϽҡͷСֹôҲǰҡ
, ô֪ϻмǲסյĸףĺκķϣʱͬƽϣԭԭ£Ѽ¶
ʲôãСӾҪǹ춼, ȥҲ򲻵
֪ղԶʱӦ
϶⣬·Ҳ򣬽곤죬ȥ·ˡѰ졣
üͷԽԽʵȥЩӪϵǹСˣ˵ġϲ
ôУ⣬ǽ軨׷Ҳô跨
ᣬߡ

ǽŵʱѼר־ŵӻƽʱʶַ治ϰߡ
أҲ֪ȥ̡
Ѽ۾Ȼڵӻϣġߡһ
ʲô̬ȣ
ַ֪ԼҲ÷§סĲӣӽ쿪ʼҪʮһķĴôĶԲԣ
Ѽëһӱߡһ
ַͷЦСһﻹװأܳŵʲôʱ
ѽʮ꣬ǰģɵôͷúʦϿβܽСʳ
ûУҶ粻˵СˣѼѲ˵죬ǺǰƮѧϰίԱͬĵĲ
ַ͡Ц§ڸ˵
ѼڵŤŤӡ
ɵӣ費ǹⲻģֻ̫æˣͷһ͸ˡǸԲԺÿһ궼òãƭ˵ûʵʵ˵
Ѽգգۣģ
ʲôʱ˵
Ѽ룬⵹ǡϹһõɼ͸.ǹҪ֣.
ַЦеģһѣȻط俴
ӺŰ˸ߵĺţ˵״ΣҪĲ.ǹֱ̫ҶĻ׳棡
ַ򡰻׳桱ˣлл㡣
ӣٰŪȳԷ
ǰչ˸󵰸⣬ɽСոһгڸĲˣȻȻ걧һֽӡ
ɶӻᶯͷOO@@
ܵԼ⡣
ķһߣȲ򿪸ӣѽһ
иë׵Ĺͷ̽һӵˣ555~
ѼһѽֻɫС̹ëǳɣȫֻͱǺڵġ
ĶС̣
ͬѧҵĹģҾͲµܵһϲ
ɲƵѻˣСնϴ⣺ߣԴͺưġ
˹Цĸ˵ôаĵԺһĺãǵýͷƺ⡣
ַ˼Ƕӣתƻ⣬ǸȡְɣԺһо֪ǽ
ѼԾԾԣšС͡硱ӮСĽ۹⣬ҲһҲҪȡ֡
ȡɡ
һ㶣û뵽ᱻôΣҲԥϺװɡ
ϺףһҲ硣Ѽ졣
ַȴ붮˼ͷǸʾԶܳϺúʶ־Ķᡣ
ѼҲϺˬӦðɺðɣСϺףԺȡŶ
Ϻ׻ָ555~
ԣ⻹ûꡣһһ֣һСַͬѧԵҡȥԹ˵ġͬ⣬ͬ˵ġ
ٴӣְѹ衣
УϿԷ
ֻǣû뵽ѼνġͬѧȻȫ࣡ͬѧмڰȻСҲͲסʮӷְ
Ҳ˵С
ѼȻԭԵĴûǰģίԱƢֱˬˣϲҲ֮СȻҸӣҲҪӡ
ַĶʳ򼢻ģСѾտ̯ϰˣСͽܺļʮＦȼ⴮㹻ʮ˳Եʳĺ͵ϣԺڿ
ԵãƤ԰ҳﻹСĸֵߵߵģѼԽԽϲ
ֱ׵ַ˼
һżտζȫ裬ŵã
ŵҸ
ŵ뵱ĶӡӴҸ
Ůһʼͦ˼ģŵķǳ飬ǺܺóԵѣܺóԵĹܺóԵǡѽУҲ뵱̵ĺô죡
СʱС󵰸⣬ͬѧһո裬۾Ը
ǧǧҸСеһĽë΢΢ֻĺױȵ߽˵
ԹտʳԲµˣַȴгС飬ǴȥҲǸ⡣ڶСѧļҶԶ˷ͷͣʮ͸ȫ͵ˡ
Ѽʮעһ졣һ죬һιգһյҪߣһһֻһͬѧͣһ桭ֵʮһ࣬ҲԸϴ˯
ڶ˯ַҲ˵ʰòиˣϸڻ㡣
Ѿ˯ˣŵǽ飬һɫĴ䡣
ҷźˣҪҲţһ
˲ÿɷ
㣬Ҳߡӽ쿪ʼġ缺˵˵ѣ
Ѽ壬ĻԶ
˵ԤУѼϥµԽԺ϶ܳɲš
ַһûˡ
һѱסлл㡣
彩ֱ㶣򣬲һرԼ̲ס
顣
ţڶν
顣
š
飬ϲ㡣
˫ַʲʲô
ַż⣬յԣϲ㣬顣ΪҼζˡ
Ϊ˵ʲôյرַ촽СĴǺʵĶô䵭ˣôƫ˸˵ĶëҲһϸϸģġ
·ĵңɬ⡣
ַûסҪöҵζĥĥ˲ѪҺӿǶò񻰡
ܣѾˡ

ĸŶ䣬ʹԺﵫи紵ݶӲĶ䣬ɡ²Զ
˹ߵͷѾ˯ס
ӴοΪ飬һסͷһߵԵĵӣͷűˮȫ˵ذϡ
ڼžҹˮصԵΪͻأ
ź˿ͣ£ףڣס궯ҧгݵʣ޸Ұɣ
ַһ٣ѾǵڶˡôϰֻأһҲׯء
Ҫﻵˡ
ַһĵ˴˱˴ˡ
ֺݺҧһڣ׼
ȡָճڣоĲˬĿڣҵøѼһ£ү̵⡭ֶ˽ʺ÷ô׷ļޣ
ǣھһӲӵҡǮ
ɫŻ㵱ģǼ̰ļһеǰ취
˵ʲôأҵøѼӡڴ˫ǣѾõľˡ
һ֪Ҫٻ飬ڲǾݵġ
ַ벻ڶ컹иģ벻鷳Ȼ
ߣ쿪ᣨſԶԶûʱ㣬ڲ£ôҾõôô

070

ַǱءѵģС, Ŷ, СϺ׼ѵ뽫ֺֻСצӴߡȻǲܵġ
˼ζ, ѸСίòУֱ, βҡɵ綯С˶
ַ˫ˮĹۣʵںݲһʱŰ˵һ, ʱ仹, 쳶ɤӽУѼ
ŵ, 㹷
ҪҪչ˰
Ѽ¥ûһŸ, 費Һѡ
, Ϻ׿緹, ֭跹, ûóء
һһ, ͷ۵ǡžžžƵʳַʵ˯, ͷǻ
Ѽ˯˯㣬һûϴˢġ벻Сӻͦģƽʱ붼вˣȻܴιʳ
ȻͶ, ֹ͵ĿϣĿϡ
ʺĶˣ
ԺҹҴģѾҸϣֲһɨ
ţ
ѽ֪֪Ҫˮ壬ԺҽǵĲ֤ѼŪࡣ
ַĵͷ˰ѹϴɾȥ
ǳˣѼ˲ѣŹϺ¥¡ԵòˣСһҡβԺ԰ݰߵ£˫ȲסߣҵԺ˲һĿȻ
һɽСһڣһš.ǹ׼Ц
ٲȻһʿѻֵģ
ɿſţԾˡôԼſվŲ
ˣһţп㣬ͷ͹ˮƬߣŸСõļһпë£۾ͦ˹ġ֪ΪʲôֵϤС
տʼֻɨһۣΪǹ·ģèԼſھͲˣֹ㣬ǻŷ
ⱩƢңŵļңһͲʲô񣬾˾˺ǶϰȥˣǼΨһӺ
ѼΪ⡱ЦЦá.ǹϵļ׼׼Ҽ磬˵࣬Ҵ

ģû飬סָţ۾ȴ档
СسǾȻҲܼôִĶ֡ңԺɢһʶζе̴㣬ҡͷô̴㡣
˵طҰ˼Сʱƻ𳵲ŵһ˵óԱŸϴˮ裬ҲûĶоƵ꣬µûС
Ӵ
ţұ߼ʹһ¡
һҲûʲô
ϵʲôˣ̧ͷƵ죬̫ðԴ
ôˣ
ûû¡ҡҡͷϴ˼£𣿡
ӦûˣҪǸ
۾ȴҲ룬һƿľţ⧲ͬϵкĿԡ
Ѽüͷ˭ѽʮ֣ǳǼǹЩ
۾㶵Ŀһգգ
ܣûӦ𣬿Ѽǲ򸣹ң
үүʲôˣô֪үү֣ѼҲȥǹ°ָʡ
˵Сģͦô¶ý洫ˡ
۾ҡҡͷôһòҲô̵ġ
ᵽ裬ѼɾͲˣܵôңʲôˣٲϴҿɾͺ˰Ǽɳܽġ
㣡
۾ָڤ粻
Ѽֱۣ˵òˣ˵ô࣬ڳʺ
˱òᣬû뵽һʮĺ˵ȻôףſԣֻһͨİˣҲôο
ַѼĴɤųѣʲôд𣬹ؼСϺס͸ͣҲ֡
˭ѽ⺢ôôߣĵ䣬Ժˣ㶡
һӦûϳ˭۾еôϤ
һ룬Ȼס조һ㡭㡭
֮£Ȼ˵
ͷΪῴһͷƼݵĴ帾˭֪ӡȴǸ.ֻɫӵ˯ȹȹϥǣ¶һ˫ӯ.۵СȡȹȻɣѿͷǶôһˣ
Ҳǵ档
Ϥ٣Ҳòһˣһδ·ŷոʱͻˡ
ǵǵһμ棬վſڣձҿˡԭòƫһûĴϣۿۡ
ôôˣ˻Ǹˣȴȫˡ
ȻɣҲ̬˲٣˻Ǹˣַͷˡţǰ򡪡ˡ
Ѽ۾˼תתȥͷ˭
ַͷ˼ĭż֣
Ѽ۾ǹܶ۾У㣬ҡѸٵİѡְ֡ȥ۾ȴˡ
˲ش𣬴ĸƬ̣ô˵ģϽ£赶Ūǹʲô㽪塣
ѼŲǻǽ廹壬ֻһգգҡ㲻ÿ궼ȥϷֽģǮ˺öö࣬ʡŵ㹻ˡ
첱Ӵ֣֪ǱģǱġ
ϸһͨͨҹһֵΡĶӺȻھȻϣЩʯҽ˵ˡССŻ
˵پȾоȡû
ֻǸԼһģһкû˺һȫǺ
ܣ˵꣬Ҳơ
ʱĴǲܺڣⱲӲڣ±ҲܺڣϾӵеǵǸԼԶ󵽵ģֻΡ
αȺڸʴġ
鱳Ĵ̽ӡ䣬һʹзɻ
ӼĳʹģϲģģģĽġΨû뵽ôġţ̡
ڼĻˣЭҲֵλοԼһֲʶСƽϡú˵үأѾʮû١
ǻѼڴ
ⷿ˶ã
ѼɵƵĿɵӡģˡ
ˣڨڨЦЦϼ꼶ʮһ˰ɡ
ѼȦٿغˣǿסᣬݺݵضһԡ
ֻƴСϻȻʮ㣬ձس
СϺҲܵС˵ءһҧסĿȣӺţҧס
ѽСȻҧң˦˦û˦ȥһֻźݺݵȥ
²̹߳ȥһԶ
ѼһԾ£ȭͷҪǮƵģˡؿڣҵϺףĸУ
ߵ飬䡣
ⲻǲҪǮǲҪ
Ϊʮһ꣬һŲڹϣϡ
ַҲȦġһǽǵĳͷֻ֡ڹȥ
ô꣬ù⼣߰ߵֱϣʱѪֱһƤ⡣ϱûʲô⣬ɼǡ
ַţҲҪɱѹϢĻᣬԲ˸첲ȥȥϡ
ѪëѪ
Ůɱ
ʶµʵҲ˲Ѫģ˫ۣԴܡ
øøǸø˺ݻ໹Ҫø
÷ˣϰ岻ڣһᣬ͵һѼ
Ѽÿַͷʹ̵ȥͲôһҪ
汻ˡ
Ҳ׼벻øôá
Ѽŵذһ̲ɫҺ£ֶġޣ˰


071

󣬻ƨӳ, ֱͦͦɵϵ, ŵˡ򡭡ܣѽȾǣ
ͷ˿ڲӿʺѪҺ, ˹صˮͷ
æԸ·Դ, ̽Űַǰʱŵһĵڵءûû, оȻ
һ, Ѫøˡ
Χһ, Ҳһĵûøɼ, ȻɵϵĿɾˡСѸʲô¶ó
ϸ, ˶ɱ, ˫ֲС, ϱ˵, Ȼ
ö𰡡
Ҳ̵׵Сһ, ۺݺݵضšˡô˵Ҳǵһμ棬ʲôʲôԹģ
ڰæоȻǶûô˭ҲԸմ֡
ַҲû뵽ô򣬲ż¾ûˣ֮ǡѸöԲߣһ, һҪǮõʦ˾ʵһ˽լ۸ǹ¶ĸҲһ
ѾĴ㣬ǷҪεĻͰѼиңеļҲ鵱ӣϥԺΪա
֪ΪʲôʱԺĶǣҪչ˺ñ˴ˡ

ĸСŲӴڽô
Χ긾ŮֻӴ֪ɣǼ϶Ƕ󡭡ɱ
ĸһߵߵܹȥȺһС֣ٿһѪˣҲŵýġվ¶ЩǰҲŵҽүӼʶѪȳ棬æ˲ӣϽҽԺŸ
γѣȽſֱҽԺȥ
˲˰Ѿȥ϶ˡȻ֪ԭ򣬵Сû
ƽʱֹۿһﰡ˭Цеģģ˶ίģ
дĿ϶ǱˣίĿ϶С֡
϶ֹҵĹǣСĸĶ
ַҲӦ̫̫Сʧ侲ؽչ˺ѼǵĴһûлᡭţ𡣡
ĸصšһѣ˵ʲô
Ѽݡ
Ѽ̫̫ӷߺѣȻֲѡȻСɱ˳ĵ᲻ᡭСûаְҲ裬ò׹ӡҪ
СС嵲ǰ
ĸ.ӣŶģָѹѪˡĲϣȻ۾һϽҽԺ
ǸϽĸϽģǿȥоȻˡ
Ӵǻûûֵģǧ
ѼվǺӣͷʵġǸɣȻᣬͷġ
ϣ
ַӣȴȻı𿪡һСͽͬ꿽ʡ
Ȼ׹ղԼƴļж˽ֻԸʹ죬ӵԹϣȴʧܵġΨһܺߡ
ϵͳĥʱиڴ޸ĸĹ¶ӡ
˵ĿˮͰûʱǸΪĶӣҲ꼰㡣
ȻǶ磬ʽѼĸףĸ׵ɱĸסӰһӰΡ
ʲôƾʲôҪΪһеˣ
ַͷһʹӣԲģΨһԲĶǶӡ
Ѽӣ˽ҡֻǲ١
ַûסޡ
ΪǱٵ
ĳǾŮǶ䷲ʹֵļһӵĸ⡭ĸ˶ǡ
ӣǶӡַֻĸЭƷѼֻƺĲ
ַҧ飬⹷ҪܼرĲ飬Ϊ¹ӣȢ˯Ķӣȴһ׵Σ

Ȼһůǰһɫװͷϣ
·ϻϤķ
Ȼøˣί
˵ί
ۡء壬áѼίñ죬ҡ
鿴ԼС֣ɫѿ
˴Ӱ칫гǳˬɻûüСͻȻ˾䡪Ѽ׵ˡ
׵˾ʮ֪ûϡ
ɶñȵġ
ΪΪʲôҡҪΡءܿ޵ļˣСһһġ
ͷҲŷᣬúúãûˣȴȥҽŮˣ˭Ρ
ַűšһֱͦ壬һһԶ볰ЦġĵۡţͰʰ̯ӡ
죬Ҫ
һҪùۿݽҲбƱһ졣
ӣѼȻ޵Сͨ죬ı·ʪˡ
֡
ء
ŵû
Ѽ׵ֻʣһĺۿ裿
ޣҲΡ
桭ģı鴹촽ϣʶ򣬡ۡһϼңϧ̫ϼ¡
׶ӣԸϵµ⣬ַҲġ
ֱӣϽģߩɾôˣ񲻶ġ
šۡۡ治ˣһߩһ˵
ַһֱߩɾתļ򣬡Ժˡ£һûɱˣڶǶԴǼҵİ
ѼʲôֻǾšİˡֺôһ˳
ɣ
ַҡҡͷ治֪ͷֻšڡĶ治ǵˣԴϿ϶һͷҲݡ
㡭ԥһ£Ǵˣѡ
ѼҡͷҲ
Сüͷ壬ͷ΢΢٣֪֮Ϊıһģһ
ֻûôԣʮ껹ء
򵥵ĸ֣·յͶ״
Ҫ˵Ǽٵģַ˻ˣû뵽Լôϻáʡ̽ģ㲻Ϊ˺ҿĶ
Ѽʲô˭㣬ֻ֪ҰֶҸŮˣֻ衣еĵͳ
˽䡣
ַٷϻĵöӣͷΣԺٵġ
ãúӣȰ˴Ǿ͵жг𱨳𡣡ʮôۣΪ㽾
ַֹԼ⣬ѼҲ⣬ʲôҲп԰վǻ˵ûǰô˵ǺӵĸסѪŨˮƨ˭ǰᣬǴӡ
һһΡ
鵶ӲͱϣͲ֪ʹǰɣ
ѼôôģܵĿһٴҲֲ
οһ뵽ϱӣпʵҲûҲ֪޶ʲôӣȴԹۣ
˵֪˽ֲʧ䣬Ҫ֪˵Ϣеǰ취׹ٲ
ãܺá
Ȼ⹷ͱ
Ѽܾµġ
Ҳȷʵ˿ֻѪĿˣ­ûûѣܺõıͷ֯ϸ˵ֻƤˡҽԺֹѪϣٸѪˡ
ûǱεġ
ǻ׷ҽ˵ǰ⼣߰ߵĳͷǿҪҽһ˷硣
˭Ҳ벻һ룬Ȼˡ
磬ҽԺҵַѼҪǩΣ֪ͨ顣ĸҡͷҺӵĵʮˣ˭֪ʲôˣǱϲݡ
Ҫ˵ͷġ
ûڸϵҽԺݿˡ
ַЦãѼܵĿ࣬Ҳһܡ


072

ҲûɣΪĽ˴ѴѵǮ, ųӲ͵ҽԺ
ַĸɽġ
û
šѵõֶ˵˼֣ȥæ, úóԷ
ѼȻ˺üվڳİС, ž꣬Ĵ, ܳȥҰˡ
ַġ
ʣĬ, ֻпַʵڳԲ, 
ˣ
յͷ, ͽӹҩڴں
ǸҺʣġҪôڼҺȡ
鲻СڵĨĨǣˮԹ, 㡭˻۵óǡ
˵ʲôءַû˼Ρ
ȻҲ֪, Ѹ, ʣ𣿡
ԭ, ҹ뿪ͷʱ, ϱ꣬ɽ廬, ͬ·һСӱʯҶȣڶű˷֡
һʣ˵ˡ
ǿʮ׵£ͷһӣͨһ, ɳ֮֮ͣӣûĿܡ˳ļİһڣ˵ʬҶĬˡ
ͼƻԼ˽ģ⵹ãʱ֤Ҳˣѿǡ
Ϊ˶ͷиѳǽַˤġǺǣϱжȻţΪôꡣ
ǣ׬СǮȥ⡣鿴۾Ҫ𣿡
ַһ㶣˵
鲻ڵȣǱӣʮ꣬Сĸ߸¡
Ȼϳһ˲䣬ѲµܹúܺãѾ˱ĺӣ벻ǸŮ˵ĺӾȻѼͬꡣ
˽ȭͷ׶󣿡
ûֱӻش𣬶ԥһ£ŵ֤ʮš
Ѽͷʮһ·ݳģӳ¡ǹҵʱŰ˸µĴӡ
ǣһѸ飬һ͹֮ˣԭ͸ǸŮ͵ˡ
ѹ֣Ŵϸ첲ʱƨһѹûҲ޶ԡѼʲô
עɫͷҲΪݣ費Ƕ
޾Ϳްɡ̾һ§
ַûпޣΨЦ
Ҳûбѵģѿͷŭ..裬ǸӵĴڣǶѼ衣
̧ͷʲô⣿
īľߣбҹ˾档
бȥʱȥ˵˾ſھǷ糾͵½Ůڿյ￴ȺȲ裬֪뿪Сɽ壬ǡ
ΪӢ䡱ľƸΪһеġӵЩͨһҲòĲƸ
̫˽ˣƸ͵λʮΪջ
ַҧأȻүϹۣеһأжߣˤþжҡ
ͷΪῴһ滨꣬˭֪ȴҧģ㡭
ΪʲôҪޣÿ޵
ðɣŮˡ
Ȼ뵽ĵļ́ͷʣҲΰɣ
һۣ˵
Ҳͦصİɣϲ
š
ǻ᲻ᡭϲ
ᣬһû˭Ρ
ɳһ
Цǻҵ˵ûˣˣңҲеǰ취
طɼûӹһǮ˰ûһĺƣΪͲһˡ
ַͷһů˸Լ׵ĸоˬ
áż⣬ڵ°һڡ
һ㶣ܿıӰ°͡

һڼææ
ԭβɥ֮Ȯ÷Ȼ˰ͦصĴȸ裬ǱϻϽȥҶöûҸˡ
ŴĨĨᣬʹַһۣסԺ˲ȥǰʺźţ鿴ӣûûΡûɫŮˣöӺúʰ
ӻð
ӻֱͦ˰ˣŵĴ˵ڿɸ̬ˣһϰĴ磬ͷ÷ˮˡ
Ķӳ˴ϰ壬Ҳܸ̫ƽƽʱҲһԺӵҲװһڽЦ
Ȼ÷ĽлΡ
Ӵ㿴ַʲô裿
ַɨ㣬ǾǺöȥ
ȥǶٴʵ÷£Ҳ˲Ϲܵ裬ͷ󴮣ȥҽԺøʱ򻹲ݡ
ŴҲ±ܳȥͷͷԥͷӻɶ۶ϰˣɽɽТǣȱǼʮ飿
ȴһǰΪ˼ʮ顰ǮԸشӡ
ͷַĳѼúɡϱȻϲɻ¶ΪҲ󷽣˸ǰǳӡ
ַۣɨһգǵĺöҪǵ֮ϱӾͲǻһǮ
ҹշתĸһžԲ˵һ߾Сʮ꣬տʼҲ븸ĸѹļÿıܿϾ˼Ǯˣһ£¡ӡ͸ֵ֣Ҳ
ⲻˡ
ھͰ⻰ͷޣúûͺãżҲû¡ˣղ˵ʲôӣ
Ƕӣͷţӣܹɺܴһϲġ
ŴæᣬǶӣӴһĴȣⲻ
ͷҲ̲ס׷ʣˣ
ϼ꼶
ʲô֣
ôҲһǿ
ԭΪԼ˽ͷ˽ĳ£ôҲᱻѪͷ˭֪ĸȻôˣһʱҲе㷴Ӧ
ѽ˵ӣ˵˵ҵ¶ĹΣһӾ۸ûˡҸˣ˴ϰ壬ұ
˭ûãԴεġ
˭÷¡
˻䣬ô䣬Ҳ벻λ÷򡱳ʲô
Ŵһֻ֪ӵ˶Ǯʹɫ˶ȥˣҲֹ֪ʲôٳŵʱЦһþջ

ڶ죬ȷ治ץԼַճȥ˵
ûһҾȥʣ˵ʱұȥңиԶڹֳֵѾʹˣ˵Ѿкˡ
ڣҪǴк̫˵һپ䲻˵һ䡣
СسǶմ״ʵ˼ңô󶯾֪Ҳֻ֡˵еѼ׵
ַмԼʱѩ̿ĿѡҲܻʲôһһʮ˵Լλɷ򡱵Ĺ¼
˵ʮʮ¶ԴҵӺ໴ĶӸ˽ˡҲһҡ
ޣҪĦȭƣҪڸǰĻַȥӡ
軹Ǹҿķ˵⸱ò£Ǽ޸ʲôֳУҲû⣬ôƫƫ
̣
ַԳ̾漴뵽Ǹ߸ݵĽĳˣֲЦ٣Ŀǰǰʮ겻װүõĶˡ
лл磬Ұæ꣬úúøл
ססҸ˭˭˵ЩֻƵ껹
ַһ֣Ѵ¸ˡ
ƵԭƻʽҵûдҲûҪǮǴ°
ԭѪѣοѡǮĶ˵¶Ĵûд󡭡ʺ̯ɾ°ѻһᣬһµ
һ˳ô꣬Ǹи໥ˡ
ǵģ໥֡
Ȼ˵ϰǮǮǼҲǾţԺҲˡʱ˭˭ڷ絲껹˵أĹϵ໥֡


073

԰
õשɫĻС·, 黨ȹŮüһ֧۰ɫĲ軨, սǶˡ̫̫̫̫
Ů˻, Цᡣ
ȻѾǵһˣʵԱ, ⶰŮˣÿ
ƽԲ, ûиͦıӼ°, ûйԵ˫Ƥ, Ҳûôڣɿž˾û, ֪ôָоǺÿɡ
Ļӡ
ţ
ʵԱò˼, æӻͳһŵİŷ, Ǽҵš
гĶ, ŮЦ, ֻŷϵļļַĳʡʯ, ļ˽Сΰ΢΢ü
ܿɷĸоѣҲͬͬѧ꿼ϴѧȥ˸ʡؼũǽûϵ
ɷ⼸÷ˮ, ͬѧȻͬ
Ů˲мЦЦŷõ鷿һĲӰ۵ôô磿˯ѽ
һ.кΪʵС㣬ʵѾʮˡ
ǰְֵţкͷҲ̧
Ůüǣôֳյ˵ţְżϸϸĦţƺ͸ŷоͷĶ
Ҳÿ»һɡкͷŵҲ£һǰ׽ġ
ŮˣطϢѸٳ鷿վڿյϣŷϵġ׽֡
ÿһ⣬֪ɼǶôɣҲ֪״̬˶áϲ鳬Լƿصĸо˵õģûܸǴ飬ȴȢ˸á
ؼǴûʮ˴ѵõˡ
˵ʮָѸٵĲŷ⡣
ϣֻһֻֽֽж̶ʮĸ֣ʮ»յƵ꿪ҵ
ʮ£°¾ǲҲлʲô˭˶ãһӦⲻΰ
ɷ͸¶ΰĲм
Ƶ꿪ҵʲôƵꣿ
ֱƵĿҵء
ϢǾ޴ġֽѰǩּֽҲйоأսǶˣҲûʲôرζ׳Ժ֣֮
ɷǰʱ˵Ҫһֻ̬˽飬绰ƽʱɷˣò֮£׳Ļ
ȥʯˡ
Ǻǣ䷢˵ٲʯһƭŶ̶̵ʮĸ֣룬һΣǲ֪ٴΡ
Լǵ͹Ǵá

1231գܹ֮£ƵھŶһ쿪ҵ
һ磬մ򿪾Ƶţ˺ʹѼ۰Ͱͺſڡ
ôô磿æ賿ֱ࣬˯Ƶˣûؼҡ
Ͻ緹ɨĸһȺ˽꣬ʹѼ˵ĻױƷʡˡ
Ѱũ˲һŴҪױɳӰ죬ɽĸһױǿ䡰Ư񡱡һû޲Ըְ
ʱַѪҲױټȻСһ壬̫̫òС
˼ӹȺ緹ȵ࣬ŵѼַ˵㡣
ʵѾ⳹״ɨһ飬ֻüһûҵĵطС˶ð
СֹȷĬÿ˸һ¥ĿͷܿϣֽǰˮҲɨɾϰϵܵա
ʱװССţ𣬲ٿ·һһסڿഫҲһʽԺ˭Ҫסȿ
Ƥȶ٣Ը±һѼվҽԺſڼ˾ͷûû˳ҹ
ҵһŻȷǳ󣬷۰˰ۣϴƷͣƽÿֻ軨ࡣҽԺ㷿ۣĶú˯ϴ裬ķҧҧҲܽܡ
Ű칤Ԥȥ֮һķ䣬ͬʱҲܴʱװ⡣ַڿյСֻȸԾڼĿʱﵽ۷塣
Ŵڽʱװ꣬ǿ֡˿͡ģˣļָļ¹ϴɶһȥӷ˵ַŪԼ·
㿴ûƭɣôôǵģðһͷ÷ĸ״ҵ
ַ۽Ƕɨ´
״ƴ󷽵ЦĶţأ
ˣôĶȥˣַסĵĲмͱӣЦЦб̨
촩ëصĴɫȹϸϸĵطԵøϸĵطе÷ǳɹۣ˿ϸ߸٣ݲ¶ǣʲ¶⡣
һͷīɫɢݣһѾ۵Ӱ߳ˡ
ȸǻʵ
ǼŮˣǱۣȻðɻԼǲǿˣ
ɻ󣬻źô꣬ɳʲô۲ʶ
ԳЦЦ
ͷ˼ַֻתƻ⣬Ƶ꿪ˣôǾϢר̸ϻġ
ӻ˼䶩ȥ˼䣬˫˼ʮ䣬ϴƷ׼ȥһһæ̨ˡ
С죬֤ڳͷһ׿ȴֻܿЦ̣д̸
˲̬ȡȻһһʮ޾ϸĽҲ̫ˣǰʲôûġ
Ƕ֪¡
ȻͷӣܿΪķҵԭ򡪡˻˾ǲһ䶫ڻ˴ϰ壬һŮܸɣҲŮˣ첲šȣԺ󻹲ǵñĽȣ
ɡ
ˣԺúùӣͷе㻨ݲݵĺúðѼҹܺãҲ㡣˼ǰͷͷҰŮ˿
Ȼַһ㶣ڻⷴӦ֮УɡĪû˵ôܵˣҪĹʲôӡ
ʲôԭҲ
ݲݵνֻһҪ󡣡Ŷģ۾ǵ٩״촽
ۺɫǴδʾ˵أ޵ĺ촽ӵǡô״ıҧҧ촽ƺԥǵϷ
ֵϰϷδµ꣬ʤȯա
˵ܲˣͷҲԾתͷȥ
һ˲䣬ֱɫһĨί;ǿü䣬˵ô꣬ô㣿
㲻Ҳй֮ײΪԼ³ӵŮˣȻķһءȷʵίˡ
޸ҲѡģԼܴгˮƺ̵Ȩ˼ֵĽҲ޹ѽ
ȴԹԣôСТ˳裬жж˭һǹİСӡһ˳ί
˵ģģֻҪһҲ³ˡûʲôֵóƵģֻЩҪϲƵĻΪͶһôߵַѡ
ַһ̣áߡߣᣬΪǮֲҡ۾ȴˮĿһֻȴͷСè䡣
˿ǡ˵ŲҪȴܳʵʵдաͷˣģ뿪ʲôĶС
ַбһۣģͻ۸ûʶͷ֧Ʊ˭Ŷ
ԣ֧Ʊý֧Ʊűġġѻ
ַּ֪ʱˡץ˵ӣҡҡ뵽ʲôæſҧ촽
˵һʼɣôֵŮ˲һΪصס⸱Ҹ㲻ȻϲҲϹҪֹ񡱵Ŀƣõ֤
ɷôƣˣԲʲô¡
ңĸ׺Ȼһֱδ˵˲岻
ϾͬԵֱ׼ġ
ܣʲôԸͷѼһȺСը޴½š
ʮ򹻲ʣߵġӡ
ַͷһû뵽⹷˻ͦ󷽡Ȼ֪һ󷽣ΪǮ鵽ĻǮ
ʮ򡭡СسǹӾͻʮ򣬴װ޶ʮˡߣ˵Ҫҿߵģôűӣ¶ϲ
ȻѾϰʮ飬Ķ÷ǳáҪ¶ҪڴϲãҪǸммչˡ
Ȼʮ򣬾͵ͺӵֲԺǮٶ㡣
ܣ⡭Ҳ̫࡭ͷܹҲʮһӾ͸ȥ֮λ֪˻ַ죿
Ȼֹ̧ס࣬Ƿǵġ
ңҲԼСžšոĸ˵оͷԣǮ˵ܴļֵѼǮǮҵġ
ˮҸ֪׵ĹƱͶ˺öˣҲ׶ˡ
ַᶼˡġ
̸ȣû뵽Լֻǰ̵˳Ϸõʮ
ʮ򰡣ǧǻʵʮ򣡹Ҳû뵽һʼֻȰ񣬷ŵαԼίҪ㲹
磬ŮֻҪ˾ˡ
ǿɣӢ䣬հԶѧң
Ĺâͦøֱˡ
ַĨĨᣬ֧ƱСһѣϽؼϴϴȥúʰһ£Ǵ󶫼ңҪء
˵ġ
ǰŸճţžĳֱȥ

޼Ĵɫָףͳ֧Ʊݹȥ
ΨһһҹеĹԱһӴôһ죬ǿûôֻֽܿʧòȡ
ַ֪ҹζࡱķգοһϷ֧Ʊ֣ұֻֽ
룬ӹĴ󣬸Сȥ˸绰ûǴĻ˻ľǹС
Ȼûһг԰뵽ңԲסԲסĹԱ¶ϰ巢ҾȥҲøǽʮ򡣡
ϻпĿͻеĹԱǿĳ浥ġ
ź˻裬ûã̧ƤԲסʵû취Ԫûˣֻȸʮģȫ³ġ
ַŲʲôģֻҪʮȫһԪëҲ⣡
ôǮСʮװƤ䡣߳УͰƤи㡣
ӶһۣôǮǿɲұܣŵùǣԸŲԸ
͡˵ʲôȻǡӣĵһѣҲΨһѡ
ʵǮôҲһ·ȲܴУоġޡͬƲβܷԼҲմŮ˱ľˡ
֪㵣ʲôûȨûƣΨһܰ㱣סǮֻнϰ塣
ַѹû
һôʾ޿Դϲһֻʵһ棬һװƭǮĻ满
ֱôϲŮأ
ߣлͶ~

074

һ·ҲûͷصѾĵ, ʽϾҪʼˡַҴҽһ, ϰϴƷϻص
ȻѾһ·, ʮͦŸơƶǣԭ忡ĹҲֳ, ͷȻɴڲסϡɹʿϢ
Ȼ, Ŵ÷޲ȫ綼֪Ǽҳ˸ϰļ, Ƕ֪Ѽ׵ˡ
ڴϢ, ַ鴦Ѿ˲֪˲󲿷˶ǿϷı鿴ַ, ڽӣΡֲ˵ʲô, ΪΡ
վء, ַˡ롱Ƶſڡ
ϷͿʼˡ
, ļٿ, ôôҪͣ
ִȻƽʱô˰, ԲΥ˼
ʦǴģ˵ֻ迪ҵǰʮӣںȻôһѣȻҪǰɻ죬̸ҪǮƵһӷһ, ըССĺϿƮһŨŨĻ.ҩζ
ճվļֵʲôӣ
վĹԱǴ棬ЦǿǺ˰ɣһľƵ꿪ҵء
ľŮһ㶣ƵꣿǼҰɣ
ԼӦòᡣ
ǲ֪ǽзƵģʱװͬһϰͷܴءԱһĺףҡҲ֪ʱװ꣬Щ
Ů㻯ɻҲ֪

㻹ûͭǮѾɽ˺ֵȺŵҽԺǰĴ·ϣҿͨȻͨˡ
ַױ˵㵭ɫĿں죬վſӭտʼĶǻˣûһѼ⹫ҲˣԼǴԲȵߴð˴̣ЦӦԡ
ͲԽԽá
ûһ󹩻ҲиˣַЦüۡ
ֻǣ﹤̾˰ֺ͹ֵ쵼Ҳˡʱֻάϵ˶˴ǮԺнڻȥһȥˡû뵽һֶȫˡ
æȺʹɫ
ǣ·һȻһȺŮŮɵļŻͲŮװȻʼֱֳ
쵼Ƕȳ浹ǲ𣬡лҸлߣôӪҵ׷ӿ֣ʱװͷƵеٮٮߣǴ޵УǿȻũҵַŮʿĸŬܲɷ֣ҪǸĸ￪ţ塭ϣŮʿܼΪгù׳Լ
߽ӹ⣬ҪŮʿ롣
ַȺһʱֻѻͲݵΧȺߡҲụֻ֪̂ҪϵӵģʶΪϵ˵ûʲô·ãܵʲôƵ۸񹫵ͶѼ߶ˡ
ֽ͹㲥ϰΨϢԴٴŶ̨벻ַһСС˽˵ĽСũҵҡʵʲ̯ϰȻ붯̨
ýֺͷҲܡȺ⣬ľ޵۾ˡ
ʮ갮ϵˣķ޵ˣӵĸףȻƭôã˵õȥȻøǰ
ǿ̨ȶˣһһЦǷ羰ˣ޵ݶҧˡ
ΪʲôôƽŴǧıƷĨȴǵֵµĺۼòǸ˵ķ𣿲ǳԲůñϵͳĥƾʲôߵĺɶɣ
ǵģϵͳ
νġ񸾡ϵͳ֪
֪ľķСӣַ۾˶
ַ˺ӣ΢΢һۣˣڵһͬλ¹⡱
ŮʿھƵ꿪ҵʲô룿ɷһȦȺڣͲֻصǰ
ַɤӣһرҪлߵĹ֣л͸λ쵼ָ࣬ҪлҵļˡĿڽ˵ġĦݡ
վ棬֪ôӪ裬ôýҪĻ档§סַ۾΢ЦԶһˡ
ַжӯ˽
ľ˲һʹ
߲Ů˹ʮĹѸֻΪƽʱҲ˵˼ףĻְѻƵŮʿʲôԭ뵽Ƶģ
ַֿһۣЦЦ۾Ĺ⣬𰸲Զ
ͷĺЦҷ·СʱǰȻðġ򡱣ֱɲŮò֮ϡ
Զĺɫγϥϵֽ˽䵽¡
ľ˳չ䡣
ɷǧ˽ˣһΪ¶ӵˣڳ˱˵ġɷ򡱣ݷ޶Т
ôкͷˮŵòᣬż˳Ŀ⿴ȥȵְְ֣Ƕ
ؿΧˣİףΪ档˽ͷӶСۿСкְ֡ǿû
ַٴ״ĿƵЦЦʹʹ˷
Ƕʮ.еԼôҲʮŮˡԴСӣԪǰԭ⻬.¸еԵ嶼׷Զȥ
Ȼû˵ÿºδںôȶ˵.ܵ»ݣ
ϾʮҲûס
ǣˡ
ʡŭľȻЦˣ죬վ¡ʱ˶֪Ϊݲˣӳ˽ӣôϧҪ˵ίľΪԶôί
Ӷˣ޷ݡ
ⲻƽ
ѼǰԶĹͣǲɷһ£СǴĶ꼸
СĵһӦǻشʮꡣ
üͷһӴѼһŶ
밮飬ԸУԼ֪Լ˵ˣæߣ£һ㡣
ľ۾һͷû˵Ķģ㲻һֱ˵ҪҰְ𣿸ղſְĶôһģǾ֪ԼＸĺá
ôһѣȻ۾ָžƵſڣְ֣Һ͵ְ֣ܵ
ϤĺӽΪ̫ӳ˻˳߿ȥš
ôһϲִ󾪡
һǰжഺ⣬ھжཀྵӲ
ַʧɫ조ѽһʲôְ֣⺢ôôѼ
ʵѹͲһһһǻ𱬵ĳڣһĻ䣬ҲԶ
ɴһ⻰ʱ˵ġ񡱡
㡭ȵȣ˭ַȻס⺢ӸѼһǡȺĿռ䡣
ľЦţʵʾ
෴ַֻ˵СˮƲסӿǿĿҪһ
ʧʮ꣬Ƶ˴ϰ壬ְ֡ĺӣһѼ󡭡ϹҲôˡ
˿ַĿﶼͬ顪һѦƽ˵Ĺ°ޣʲôѦƽһŻоͲҪŮˣôƯôܸɵŮˣװʮѡ
ԭΪྡ˭֪ȴǱŮ˺ϡ
ôңַָżȺһҼڣڽëϣĿڣ·ٶһͻȥ
ϰ˵費Ƕֽ˵ġңɱˡ
γĽһԴ۲ΪԸŮ˵ݼҲԸʵС
ǶͷĶӰԺɾӿӴ̿Ŵ֪Թɫһѽ§ĸƵۡ
ôңַһסûˤϡ
ǣҽͣҡӴδ˵꣬Сȶϰһš
֪ʲôʱܳ׳ޣȭߡַҲûϵڣѾСհͻؼ˰ⳡϷΨһ˺ľǶӡ
ӴѼְ֣ɵͷ۶ӣԼӡ
Ұְ֣Ǳ˵İְ֣
һʮΡ
˵ʲôأ⡭ǡ
ҳȥĲұ۸ʱҵĲҽԺĲҹյҲƾʲôѼ첱Ӵ֣˵֮ǰڴĻһ˲䣬ѳ׵Ԩ
ѹͲں
ӵʹʹڳ˵ġ
ǰǹ¶ĸάʱͷƵ˽ӣڿӺùˣͷ뵱˵
ôõ¶ɻһԸȥһȭߣԲȵѵȻԹۡ
ǣľƻıƹȺŹĻ棬ܲҡ
ֳȥֹһʲô֣Ҫȥ֣°Ҳǰ˽л
ַһ̣Ҫľ仰
ԣ飡ޣȫԹŮ
Ŷӣãɧ.һҼҹϱǾزɣ֪͸ô˶֣һɶɻԽ˵Խ񻰣æקס
˵䣬Ҳʲôӡ
ʲôӣǶ.̴˽ڵĺӣ
ޣλҪ
֪˭ĹŮڰ˴ˣ
վַߣũ帾ŮͰĳ˿ڶӣڳ˱ͬһϲɺذ
ȻҪأ쵶նǵ֮
ЦЦȴЦñȿ޻ѿǣǼʶ㣬ôˣҸ򡭡ʿĻô죿
ô죬⳥ʧ£û֤˵ǲ񣬾һʱż꣬ϸǿǷġ㿴ﾡǵӡ
ûɶǲţ˰ȻϰյĲ෹⣬߷ӦѸ٣һ䲻ȫ¼ȥȻպҲ֤ݡ
ַĿĴɣ͸¶͸¶ûĻ壬ƾšεһйˡ
ߣл2020-03-24 21:27:50~2020-03-31 11:35:15ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ׵Сʹ 1
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

075

˭֪һ衱Ȼ˯, ת, ѾˡһԺӣڰ
ڴɵû, ַҪ򿪴ͷ̨ƣҲûҵ, ŷɵĲԼĴڴͷϷͷǺƤӹ, ǽҡ
Ȼûڽ޹, ĸɨ, ţôǮôܾô
ˣߺȻðһ䡣
ַһ, ôҲ
Ҳ֪վ˶á˯ϰ߲ãƵ, ĥ, ˵λ, ɱ
˲˵, ؿظ
ظûо˵ĲӿбŮɬ, ǡôġţá
䣬ɤӵϷˣ
ַüһװɵһ, ֲ˼ġ
ţ߽վڴ߾Ӹ¡
޶һɽţƭôһǮ͹ģָһٳΪǮͦû޵ġ
ô˵Ҫɫ
Ǵɰ׵ĹڻƵĵƹ£ӨӨĹ⡣˫ջи˯ѵĺΣǷѵʣһˮ˵ĿɰԸС
ɰԸǰһĲֵ
ַûüɫѾƵ
ܵġǺˮ촽϶ݺҧһڣһӵиʡѶͨŵ¶֪Сҵ̨󶯸ɸֲ꣬xiĴ顣
ģÿһطһղܡ
ַԺûӦʲô֣ţ
ҪõĻ͵ҸڡһԸٻĳ棬Ȼ֪Ϸɡޣľܣ˻͸˲ӬƵܣģ
ôϲǮţ
Ǯ⣬ʹת಻ס֪ɵڴǺµ죬ȴ.ȵġ
ϲǮţ
ַ
ʮֲ
ַ
˵
ַĶҵ죬ýֺͷ˵
Ҫٲſϸҽ飬˵鲱ֱðգִӻͳǮУҵľģҲġ
ַתһпͰԪ󳮣Цá˵˼ᣬ˵ĴshouѾȹ̽ȥһ·ϡ
ĻҼ䣬ֻƤŵһ㣬飬̲סسҪ
ҪʲôǮˣ
ַҲ˵ϣӲϣҲӲԼԽǮϲҲϲء
ϲǮϲһǧһ򱶡
̧ͷͷ̵ĺˮֺľǿҲܣֻܼ޸ҡ
˵һֻ氮Ůǰӡʹģַͷ
һ㶣ƺû뵽Ӧô죬һ˵ʲô
ˣֻ㡣ϴε̣ѾȴδԽ׳һַѡ
ڵǵʮŮˣκ˰ڲҲԼġǮԸӿԸдѵõòഺ磬ȱһˡ
һĸԸԼˡ
Ҫ̫ǮҪôӢҪֻҪһ˫۾۾ܺÿ͸״ͲɫͫףװĶ
һ˫ѩ.׵˫۲ĲȹȻĻ䣬¶ֱ˫ȣɬĹ䡣
ⲻǰʾ롣ֻһѪֱ³壬Ҳ˲ϱģһĶɨµأʲôףʲôԸΪŮˣǶĿ϶

ϧַעҪʧûᵽݵġ....һ˲ֻʹ˵·һ¶۵ġʹֵѾȳ˸߳ˣɺǳ˻ɻ󣺡ôôţ
ûɶŮˣܲɶǷᣡһɣһ£ʲôŪ˵Ļ绰һðĳĬԡţֱˡ
һʹһָ̣״̬˷ǳˬأⳡĹԵز֪˶ãСʱСʱֻ֪;ûġ
ţȻʮˣ

ͷŮűѣ¶ճյЦѵõţ۾˯ɣȥ¡
Ҳ˵ʲô¡
ַϰߣҪúÿ£벻ƽʱݲˣͦǳԣ·ʱݣûͱĴ
ϰ͸Ƶġ
Щͦо˵ɶǿٴ֤Ӣ䣬Զ׿ѧҡ
˭֪Ķ̫󣬺ʲôůůĶǸоȻǾΥϤ˵ԴӱŮʿøۺѾûˡֱӱһβʣ⼸װޣæõͷ˯ûôע¡
Ǻ¶ʡҽԺ鷳æƿѣеҵûɫȻӲ
ǳɫĴϣǺɫǺصİ.ǷĿ·˵Ÿղĳ˵Ϊһֶô׵㾡еͷš
ַһ죬æرѣϡϽȥ
ֻճԱġӡֶˣ޲ٳһ٣뵽Ƕֻǿѹͷһ䡰ҡ¥ˡ
ǻǮװ޵ģô˴¥ȥɶ춼ֻſڽĸʡ𡱡ַûˣ¶ԴɢƵƣľ˱Ϳյһ
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绰
̣ûѼܹɤӺӵ绰˵ǵ̨ġ
ַһ㶣Ҳһʿ¾¥Ҳҿĸ
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ãʯʡ߷еַŮʿ𣿡绰ŮᣬеϤ
ǣǡ
Է͡һˣ²¿ѽ
ַԿ϶ʶˣô׼ͨԸ˵ʶ
ҵľˣôͰŵ绰߶
ַĵһǸܾ谮ŮɡȵȣˣԼسԭɲǡ
ƼƼ
ƼƼЦΪ㵱ϰء
ַΪڵ״̬ģҲЦʲôϰֻڷԡˣôѧ˰ɣҼŮСèǰɣ
ƼƼɫţѾһ꼶ˣСǸ˳裬ߵò񻰡ԼҲڸ׵Ĺ³ѧŸʽ⡣
ַ̫һ֪Ǻܸ߶˵Ĺˡеģ
˻ƼƼԹҶˡô£ôҲ˵һ
ַĬǺ²ţ´ǧ
Ǹط˶һСƼƼһֻҪҾ׼

ַҧгݣɱĶС
ƼƼƬ̣УҰмսУŪҲѲƤ
ַмйܺùǹƥǮҲֻǸ߷еѹͷߡѼʹţѹɤӽ˿һӵĵ绰
飬ҲȥңϴˮɳϿʼˡûһɻһȺ˽ţԵöǱԲߴð˴ǿַˣ浱׹ŮƵģľǶǺ޵
Ȼũ帾Ůǿ罻ͰԴһʱ䣬ľʮ˴Ѿڳˡ
С˸绹ǵʦأޣֵѧУȥ˷룡ɻ˫ֲ˸ã
ʮδ˵ɣ̵ַ룬յһĸ߹ʱ̡
ǣ飬ǮҪ
˽Ĳϣϸ飬ĿǰеĹ˾桢ʲܶң˷ָʮ򣬻ʮң׵Ǯ˰ԼƨҲֻ¼飬츸Тᡭǣʲôƽ
ļûгΪĲƸ
Ȼͷڡһת
ôսŵĴ´صķˣһס
ַֻԴͷͷ˲ʹɫ࣬亹˳Ŷǻ䣬ҧá졪ϵͳֻˣ
ɿҧͷһӽ

д˼ȹϵϣȥ̾
ܣ̽ͷС̫̫̫Ǳ
ţû˼뵽ľĥ˵ĹҪܰԹ²ɫſȻֶס
Ͳôˣ˵Զغǵģֲź׽顱޼еأСһţ˵ֵôһֻűƹûӣ
ôƴӦߵġƢǮȡ
ľǳԺðĻһŮ˵̡ίһʮӵ긾Ůһֵ껪ķˡȻĽѦƽ
ֻǲ֪ԸԸˣ
ְ֡
ӵ˼ôǲĶ
뺦ߵҡҡͷǣңǵܵܡܷܵˡ


076

ġ⡱һᵽɤۡ
ľ˽꣬ʱҲ, ô, ǶûѾ׷ϣˣû뵽ȥͻȻ, ȻΪʹˣѪѹ򲡸ëһ, ˶ܸˡ
ľΪάģ, , Сǵض, Сڣһ黹صķιܲȫ, Сͷö
ҽԺסһ£ҽҲֻܶҡͷ, ľЩϹۡүǵ, ľ֪Ķһλ, ϸ˿Ļ, һҹ֮䣬ӵĲͻȻͺˡ
һרҾ漣, ҽѧʷϴδֹ漣ңԺ
ԼԺСӣǿñӻҪģæܳ, ôˣ첻úõ˴͵
ľŶΣҧ촽ƽʱֿɰĺӣյͨ죬޵ؿһһģɰۻˡ
ŸϽҽԺ
ľ䶯ڨڨñķг
֣Ҳû룬Դ󲡺⺢һβҲûȱ˼Ļ
ɺزУûרְ˾û֮ĵʿڰ·ҽԺˡ
Ѿȥĺӣҽ˵ǸȾʣȹзֺҼȱ𣬷βԼС
ţѲǺӸճʱĲ𣿿ΣͬҽԺͬרҶ˵ЩѾ漣ĺˡ
ӹҽһŭ
ҽԺûôӵĲŵ׶ҽתԺȱһң˭ҲûɫβˣתԺɡ
ɫ໹ס۵Ķӣ۵ᶼˣӹҽǵţҪǡѾ絽һԸҽԺ
ľקקӣҧ촽˵
رͷڹ۶Թƨ
շתҲһСãҪοɡ
ʲôûãӲϵ⣿ʲôο˫ĿԲȻʶǰŮˡ
Ϊһĸףô˵ֻ
ղŶȻҲû뵽ͺҽԺԥȻðһŹֵͷ֪ĻΪ׶ӡ

ַоԼ˯˳һʿ̵ˮƿɻ˵Ҫ˵Դ޵Ļеת
һ̨Ͼɵķһʧޣ⼣߰ߡ
ԣץס֣ԻѼĳ᲻
Ⱦɡ
ƽʱĺӣǵһô˵۾ᣬ밲οޣүӦòô׾ġôŬҲŲƤ
ô죬ɶëҲûôǲѡɻҪôӴҩɣ
Уܲ˵ġ
ҲҲУܴܸɶҼƻûɡ
ȥɡǰδеı
汻ϳȥˣڰֵʼʲôû˵ǽϹӵġεδ𡱵Ѽĳ˾ɥ
ˡСյ
Ҫȥ
˵ֻԼоѼԴһԼͱһ˫ĴֱѽһӲ¶ȵĻ
ϳһ·ۣҽԺڿҲͦ۵ģܿٴ˯ȥ
˯ǰΨһͷǡлȥһÿһ죬Ǹ˴ѼúɽԱ鶫ϱ

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ţҲͦõġ
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Ѿ͵Ƶ꣬Сܿ˯һ۾׵ˡ
˲ÿɷ񣬾ؿŴϵŮˡ
ӵ˼ǣҪλ
ڿʱһ˲ܿ죬Эá
ַ֪ŵˣͶ·ϣϡ
ˣһҾ¥£ҪҪȥʲôСҧҧһ費ǶΪһĺӰǰǹ£ȴûһߵֽ㡣
ֽÿΪǵţ뱲ӣĴһ˶
һʣǱô˵
Ѿдˣҹרңý嶼ˣ͵һ仰
ǾͿʼͰɡ
Сն˶٣˿ϵˡ
۽Ƕһ£˵
Ҳʲǫ̂ôɻ᲻ᡭ̫󶯸ɸꣿȫý屨һССĸ廧ȻеǮϱСǮСϰȫ֪١
ܸоɱţ
תͷ⡣Ҹٿ飬ʮ򣿡
Сպٺһ֣Ը϶ûⱾ£ⲻóϰ˵򡭡ȵȣ˵пɽ
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ޣˬСն˶ţϰģ֤һܼ

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ڿһ䣬ҧʣʲô˼
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ֻʦۺ룬壬´飬ٳϧϧ
ĸ֣֪˵ʲôʱ޶ࡱĸȴǧȷˡᶼˣСʣʦܲ˵˵˵ô£ģǮڡ
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ŲһȦľջأû뵽·ΡΡҪ˲ߣô¾Ȼԭѿɫ˵ϣ
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ҪƽʱĽЦװŪˣţһһգգĶͷ
ʦӻͳһŻֽͷɰЩķţһַͷŻľ

Ʋɫһܵʱ䣬ۿɼٶ׼ȷ˵ӦС
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ôһң°뱲˯ųԶû⣬һ˳λ̳Խ࣬ԺֵͷϵľԽ١Ҳû£Ҵ󱦶ҲԺܸϡ
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Ϊ֪С̣Ϊһ˵õȮ죬Ҫǻеģôô궼ССݾԸＸԺеǻʰ
ȻССų鶯
տʼҶΪճˣæҽ
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ԣʯµһ˲䣬ԥƳߵСӡ
˾͸ܵܲŨüۣ˵Уһ·ʶ˸ŵǶ֪ʶĿ
ᰡ
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ҵľ޺ͼʳͷԣַֻǿаϵͳתƵϣȴû뵽ӵС塭ô죿
Ǹ𣿻Ǳסӣ

ʦڲͣ˻ҡͷʳӡŮ˻һģͲöӵϷ
һһһС顭¡
ʦٴδǸˣϷʡ
ʦ˵ֻҪܾҽ㣬Ը
ʦֹסĻҡͷȲˡ
ΪʲôţҪɰʵףĸһƣæš
϶ڣġ
ַ£⣬˯ǰֻʡȷ
˵ȷȻͰĵ˯ˡ

ľ֪ĻᡣϵͳֻתǵһΣʮǰַڶΣճĶΣһǰַΣٰϵͳתƵϡԺҲ
û߽ݾˡ
ȻֱһֻСס˿Ķ۾mumamuma
ôСˡŶŶֻǶǵġ衱
Сֻ˻Σֺá
裬ȾȵܵܰɣۡҲϰ
ľһ˹ȥ


077

磬ַˡ
ĸһӵ, ۺỰ
ǻϲֿƵ˵ͺá, ַеز񣬴Ŀ, ֪˵ʲô
ĸ۵òУ⼸һۻ˰ɣһĿͲ˵, Ҳ˵ˣġ
ַҡͷڿоʹ, ˷˯ǡöӦġࡱ, ĸæСϡҿ, ϶ι
鲻ڵһѼһۡϸ˲ٺѪ˿, żĹβ·, ɫ, Ҳ쳣Ĳ԰ס
֪, Լô׽, ӸҪĻᡣ
ѼվǰӣֱŲ˵, Ҳ֣˶˲ܣֻһӡַǺÿְŵ޴룬ֻȣɡ
㲻˯Űɣ
õĴ, Сӻģ壬ҽ˵Ĳȫ𣿡
˶٣ɫ·԰ˣš
ԴַһֱԺٻϵͳôӲʩƣϵͳû
ɵ˯ڼλˡʦأ
һ㶣ô֪ʦ˰ʱûѡ
ַ֪Լ¶ˣֻʵʵ˵Լ˵
Ҳ֪ǲǴ䣬ɫͲôÿ԰͸࣬еΪ飬ӡȴյúȣ׼ȷҪʱ¶УҲõϡ
ʦˣġǳ׺ˣֻʱѹסϵͳַ۾ɿͷһֽ
ͷҳһƬͷīֳֿ˫°ͷ·ӣѵİѴԴ˩ڴֲϡ
ӡĸ޴ļӴֺ֣۾һеĿȥ⡪ӪҵΪİ㣿⡪ʱ˳£˼½̲ݻ
δú⿴ˬ
ݺܼ򵥣ˣСسǹѸİصǡĸڳ족ӡĸŪԼԭ䱻֮δΣաеı㶼ˡ
ͷݣȻֲֽһʡý壬ҲͬС졣ֱǻŽǶȺƵ
ûһСܽϰ壬㣬ֳµġ
ַһã͵˰©˰ڳˡ
͵˰©˰ǵ⣬ľǣҲҪΡģǸ徭ø㵽Ӫҵģ˭ƨɵûʺμȻһһ׼
Ҫǻûַ绰ƼƼлĻϽ͡
˲٣һֱֵŵ룬ĸؼңгĿûҲС취ͻؼҡ
۾ˣؾƵ˯ɡ
ȻҡͷҾ衣
ҲҪ衣Ѽһ飬Ҷ¸ɣ
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ȥ˯ţڣĿ¶ˬ
ĸ˵ģŮˣ˭ۡ
ŵѼӡࡱһת˵ߣ㣬·
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ȨսΣУȵİСиԳܽסС֣Ժ˵ֻҪǮС
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ֻ.һ.ʴ.ǵüϯ
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ַͷ󾪣ѵ
ɬĵͷ
ѹɫ԰ףԭʦ˵ġԪָ
ʵѾ..֢ȫûᣬȥغ.軹ʲôȡС򽣬..ȫӰ졭ҲҪһԼĺӣҲԸ
ǰίΪԸӲ
ڵžԲصޡң˲ˣǶǷǳζǳϲĺˡ
ĸ˲ԼѪȥ
ôôɵ
һʲô¡򣬷޵øˣĺӣ˲ܰԽԽί
𡭡ԺҾǼǧǧҡ
鱻ĻЦɵûܽܣû
ͷһڵ㷢ûƮݣζҲôţһְĵúϢԺϽ־Ƶ꣬˲
ַľƵ꣡ʱװ꣡
⼸Ҫ꣬ҪҽԺûͨߣȫ೵ɹġøϿָú

峿ϣ·صʮĸڣڸĸ£ӣ泯죬ˮˮ˳̵ġ
ģһҪϹӦһҪѵ
ľ۾ǣʮǰµԸڶˡ۸Ĵе̫̫סżֵıʹ¹ʵֵϸĸһˮıķ˾ѷǸпվȥ԰Ь硭Ը޸ˣɰĶӡ
ԣӣ
أǵεǰһĻһϢĶ
Ȼȴû˻ش
ѵĿſһ˵Ĳز񡣶أأķأ
쳣ʮһ㣬˴ϴ󾢲һһŲſڣհŴһ죬һɾ޴
ݺݵصڵأǰһźĻͲ˷Ŀþŵɫ԰ס
ľŮʿʲô룿
ĸĸ֪㱻.ôʵ𣿡
Ƿͬɷϵ
ľԴɷ־ѣԣһ˿޺Цʣͬǲɷ𣿡
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һ룬һȺ߱ЦǷ벻м
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ŮʿȰ԰ʲôʱ㡮ĪԸɷںشɽֵأ˵һ۾ŮߣƽС׻
һЦЦֵأЦŮ˾ȻûӰ
ŶˣŮʿ֪Ĺ˾ѾƲ˰ɣ
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ľģ顭⣿ܣɵ˵µģǲ׽ӰҪǷ̰
һɵӴ˲ãţѻͲߣŮʿеġɵǲǴ˵езز̸֮ƵĻƽ
ƽҲ˾ѾѱԴʲô
ͻƽôʶģǵĹϵ紫ŵ֮Ĺϵ˽ܽܡС𣿡
Դ䡪һḻ̌ڵϣ֫ʲôʲôѾ֪ˣԺֻ֡ˡ
ƽˣˣҲˡ
һҹ֮䣬İլķ˾¿Ь硭ȫûˡ
ôܻôã
ƾʲôи̥֮ᣬɷżң࣬Сɽһ·շתУԾ˿ͷܾί׿ྡƾʲôкҲһջأ
ĸ˳֮£ڼ߼Ʋߣǵһôͬġڱʹ֮ϵҸҲ䳤ã
ŮָƱϵ۾ˣ˯һڴŻ֪Ϣɣڿ˳޸ˣַŮʿһǰͶ飬ЪЪθڡ
ʲô
ƲҲָˡ
ľѻҰ۾ȻԣƲԲǴſǻһֻҪһڣû˻ƽɵŽһܶɽ
ŮЦЦҪô˵кñأŮʿҲãǰŸո˻ʮ򣬺ͱˡҪһ죬ǮɾͶ乫ѽ
ʲôʮ򣿡
ǵأûüֵĲΪˡ
ľŲʲô壬ֻҧгݣǼƾʲôҵǮƾʲôǮʲôϵ趼Ҹģ
ʡǰڵ̯ưô꣬һϲСʻڵˮϣҲ׷Ҫ⳥û׷ϣһӣˤϴȡ
ôסԺֳֺĳ˯¡ÿ϶û¶٣һ۾ͽȥҪô졭ֱĳһ죬Ļƽ
˧ᣬʶ֣һֻڵۻ϶Ĺˡ
ҪջȻøʳ±ÿĥѹ¶ңЩ£ֹ˿֣ŮҲְ
ʱĺͷϸ꣬Ų㣬졭֮ѡɵĹˣĹˡ
˸ɵʽԴϴڹʶ棬Ǵǵĵֵ̯꣬ľ߰칫Ʒٵ죬һ·ҡ
˵һȫľ˯ġ
ƾʲôָ
ƾýȢţָڲƲ쾭塣ŮЦÿļˣҪֻʮ򣬱Ӧöֵġ
ܣôֻʮһ򡭡ȻľˣַʱװôģƵôģƾôʽ
ɱĹˣôȻƤӵ͵͵ַʮ򣡷ӳӷˣǮһûʣ໴ಡƿһصǰ
ľֻһֱϳ壬ȣһ


078

ľֻˣʱ, ʿ˵Ѿס˰, Ƿ°˰ٶҽҩѣɷ޷ơ
ɽ깵СʿҲҸ, ǰʲô󿧴ûײûۡɱ, ò˰ٿ顣
Ҫ֪ǰ, ֻ˫ЬǮģ
СʿƲƲ, ȺĳƱ֪ŮûǮ, Ѿ˸ѡҪֻÿҩӵ㰲߳ɷ, ֤˺壬ܺúõġ˯һڡ
а, Ҫ㹫ź, ҩؼҳҲһ
, ʮǰѾϾϵˡ
šϡǴأ
Ȼץ, ŴͷȻС£û컹ܷųϰ, Ͷչ˵΢ȻˮƽԶǰУڻкá
ľһܴƿ

ַ֪ġ顱˳һý屨, ֵ͵ġʵ˾޴۷籩иҵרҶ۱Զڻռ⣬˶վһġ
ַԭΪҶϻѼĸȨϽҧţϾһִӡ
˭֪ϸƤɿɰͶǻģ조ӡӡߣֻ´˲֪˵ַҪѼֻƿڴ䣬δ
һͷôҲİǣúðѧϰɼãԺƴѧϣѼһֻ֪Ժ棬ܲܿϸл⡣
ȻһúܣС£֪ˣ˭˭ֻҪΰѿҪΪڶѼԺеǺӹ
Ѫַ»ֹסسǵķӡʱװꡢƵ꣬˳õѼĸȨʮ򡰻ڲƲ¶ʮġһԸѡǰڵֵʮ򡰲
Բ𣬻ڲƲڻڼҲдȨ
ô֪ǵáͻ£޵ĿѣڵҲҲֽһëʣ˻û취Žʣʮ׼ȥľҽҩѵʱץˡ
ʡץѺС벻ľεǰһۣԿԧһۡ
ȻⶼǺˡַƾնʮֽ΢ƽ֡
˵Ǯ֣Ϊ࣡ϱӵԼ֪˻ţʲôķӣ˭˭Ǯ
ʮҮʮٿҷƵ꣬ܰʱװʮܿҵ
ңҪǣⳡ־磬ѼȻ²١ǰԴѧϰǱһ֪ϴˢûԺﶼ
ŬҲȻдҵӰ롣
ڿԶ˯֪ǺŬ
ҡͷ˵Զ壬ԺǶҪ죬衣
ѺߵĻַ̡̫ۿȣСɵӣŲҪ˭ء
Ͻ緹ݽϲ
ĸڸɤӵ߶ˣϽ
ַЦԴ쿴ӽ鷿󣬽ĸ⣬Ҫǻû̫̫޲ȥסţѽϹҲС
Ҳ˾λүЦЦˣЩû
ллģѾöˡ
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ССȥˣǳֱȥĸǵøͺ·Ϲˡ
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˼£ַֻ
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ַŽСѧµϰ˾ݵʱ·ˣƵĿֺͱֻϽڱɹڵİϡ
Ҫ𣿡Ѽ׽ؼϢ۾һתҲҪȥ꣬۰ͰԱţ˭ȥƵġ
кԳȰˡıԼֻ
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СϰɫҲȥʱǿ³ҰѾɳֻҪڣа취ŪСݡ
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ڳһϲֻ֪ͨʵãװ˶һѺ֡ɽѼһ¾źɫСɱ£ֵͣǳʺߡ
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пʱĲ˵ǮѾˣӰ˼С
룬ַҲ֪˭ɵġǲȱ⼸ǮĬĬΪǮоͦˬ
СԼ³ΪɰѽŪˣַͽתӰԺǽڷĩĳΣַΪûˣ˭֪һӰͱˣѹѹȫͷһɫŮѹֵ˷ܣǣһð֪֡ĻΪҪɫ..Ƭء
ʣӰʲô
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ַһ㶣Ҫ˵ϺȻһֻ֣
ʮ֣ǳ䲻ˬ˵ⲿӰʺ̸˿Сǰ㵽ڲƾʲôǣ
Ҫ͸£ǿ¸Ρ
ᣬš˰λϣһһ޽£ӰͿˡ
ԭǲӰǻˣŮǽм򣬷ǻ˵ĻȫƬԻ޵ıӣַССڵĺϣôȤӡ
Ķǻϣ
۾ԶĻ
ι㻰ءַſϴ˴ôÿ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥȻһƬ׻⣡
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ѾŮˡ
ݺһѣܺÿ𣿡
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079

ַ˫糺죬컬ࡣ
, ܱȵӰŮÿ
ġɫĺƲС, Ķϣһս.
ȻӲʲôӰ, ÿӾ.Ƽͷ˷, ޣ
ꡭ
ץ֡
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Ҳ벻ӰԺôĵ, ֲһƱءֻ֪, ӦðƱתǶС, ׬ۡ
Ȼ, ֱץס
ָ⣬ƴ, ĻģССĻȦȦͷ飬ݰ鲻ԽŶѹؼ䣬Ҳˡ
ÿָ, ֺͷÿ
ϴֵ黰Ȼϡ
ַ㶵ģΣǺǣĳط״֮׳Ҳ˵ǸŲҲ֡
һ䡰ҪӰλἸ޹ߣ˷.ʮֿɵĦ.ԼҲ֪Ķĳ.
.ɵĹʵ˶󵨣Ҳ.
ַ˽ġ˻һĹǡ
ߣ㿴ŮˣֻǿȣҲУ
ӺＷ·ѹµʹ࣬.䣬Ǳǰĸߵ㡣
ַ˵СǰڵɷһȫǸС£ౡڶ
£
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󣬵Ӱû꣬ǰ˳˳һԲڻ¡

š̫Сֳֳţѹˡ

ţ˵

ַۣƨšôѼһС
һ˲İһ룬յϷϲ򵥴ֱţٳٲԸ˳սĽ˶иյļ
ַˣæֺõٺ٣д
鲻Ĳƴڻ۾ǽɡ
ϣϲгŵΣȴССɫ
Ҫľ
á
ɫһϲӦˣ
ַıǼ⣬ɵӦӦ˭ֻ

ҵȸѼ֪顱ĺ壬һҪųҸһǽͬף֮ϡ
ۿɼģ˿áýձװӳζأְѴ򿪣ϸĵİֽҲҸͰˡ
ͬС棬۵ú˯ŶӺַһ·ڿô˵ԣҵƷͼҷ磬϶˵ĵĻϼͥ鲻Ҳǡ¡һ׮ûӺͼӵͻ˸úô
ȨףСֻϲϲ
뵽ѼűĳƢضԶġ
³ңھǶϡ档ϾǻڶСγǷǳɫʽ˭Ľ

߽ӣͷӻͳԿףβϰϣͷŶϽַţΧ˿ЦЦ
ͷֻûš
һе棬ǳƹϷЁGˡ
ӴϽҲ
Ŵ֪ʲôģҫİѰֻĶϽǰݣⲻˣѼðһϱٳֲô¡
δ˵꣬ԱߵĸŮ͡һЦˡ
Ҳ̲ס׷״Ц
ʹ˾ǼԲã˻ϱϱĽУϽɲ˺
Ŵˢĺˡ
ǲǵãȥ˰
ûַġǮֻصǰͷʮ״̬Ը֣ԸԣԸ
÷Сóż˭˼ܣҲԷʲôɫһȥ͸Ʀ쵽һǰŸҸ⣬ȥ˸ˡ
Ͱˣȹеõڶ᲻óԣҪӣԴ˵ķ̷ۣÿӡ˭֪СֶӵĵҲŹǸɻ͵Ը⣬ȷֵʱѵûˡ
ŴöŴ޲ιưʺ
ֵǣҲ֪Ķ˵ɽӣ.ûӣӻѶȥˣ˵ʲô˶ԲƿҺּʱӱ׷һŭ֮¸ϳš
һӵĹײıҲˡ
п˵ڵóӶˡʱѼĺֹڿܸǮÿ챻óԺúȵĹţӱġ
ɿǰ¶Ĵšͷˡ
Կײ岻ȥ
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ַüëһ̧һҼҵţҪ֪ͨ㣿
ǡ⣬ô˵Ҳһˡ
ޣ˭һˣڼϱС
뵽ǵľŴǺ޵ǲ˵ͶҲҪˣǰַǡǡ磡
֪ĻɫҲͬ顣
㿴ӸǹҲô˵ҲѼĵܵܡ㿴ܲܡ
ַЦˣû뵽Ͼ˺޳֮ˡñǰްﹷ˽ӣԴп
ʺ
˴뱲ӣô಻塣
ؿǣȻһڿҿҲ͵ʱȴĶӿһѣҪļģҪСƿ
ͷǰϱмӵĿ⣬ĬĬᡣǺڣҲ޵ݡ
ôһϱǰΪʲôǲϧ
԰꣬ȴӲ޼ҿɹ飬
ϰˣذɡ
ŴĲӲģͷͷϵᣬһӣĬеġʱҲȦ
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ǻȥɣָֻ֤ţôôڡ
ǻȥɣ֤ȥˣÿʰøɸɾһչ˺úӡ
ǻȥɣ֤
ȻŴַ֪Ƣһ˾ʮͷţҲءֻȡ衣
Ҳ֪ǲдǻĶ˵ָָſˣɤӣͦͦظֱ򣬱Ŷˡ
Ⱳӡľǿ
ַؿ˻ֻһСԺ󶼲ٷĲѼǿԻش忴ǣˮҩΪӸģָ
㱻˵ˣΪǣߵĶӾǵȻ¼ңѾ˺ܾã͵³ϼء

СѼܿûʾϺ׵İʼһԷҪ£Լ£רӸ˯ҲҪһݣÿ컹ϴë
ⲻշ¾ܣϺųͷ
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Сӣ͵ʲôˣ
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Ҹͻƿڡ
Ѽͷš
Ժ󡭡ֻʣҸ裬˵ˣ;˾һǵġ
ַЦɻʲôһӲ֪ΪˣֻһͨĿõϲͬĺӣûҪ
ֻԴ̶̵ͷ֡иһ£𣿡
Ѽüë鼸һģһ񣬷·Ҫġ
֪ĳһϸʵû׼ãҲԵ꣬Щ¶
ѼüͷҲ
ַµò֪˵ʲôãòпīߺڣŽѧ˲ٳëҲ֪Ժ᲻С̱

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ѼĳΪʲôʵұ˭ã̽үүҲá
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