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Ѫ3

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Щҵذ֣𣬱ɱҶ˵㲻Ҫɱ
½˻Ҳ֪ǲǴĿɨӵʱ򣬷кһûˡ
µ󲢷һĿҲΪƿܣΪ˻ʬ壡Ѫǿƿܣתѹа󷨣һʬԡȻˡ㡭
˵ţͻȻһִֻסĲĻͷ
꣬˵̫ˣȫ֪ˣⳡϷͲÿˡ
һ£ȴԭڵˡ
ֻأôȴ漣سǴ
Ӻ¶ˣûô㿪ǵߣôƶסġ
һ±˹ȥ
վδ߳Ƕ٣ȴӵѹ֮С
һ
̧ͷֻ˫۾ⲻ٣ͫ׷죬ն
ȴһԭ峺̬֮
û뵽ʬ嵹ɾˣҡ
񣬶٬ǰӦ·˸ˡ
ЩãȻؿһۣϻһʵôɱʬȻȷʵιΪô㣬ȴҲ֮У
ҲҲԣȷʵĸԸģ˵á
ü֪ҵݣҲѹ֣ɱʬѴ֮̽кѵġֻҲףдʵΪ̲㷽ʹδ֣αضһ٣
ЦȲ²͵ֻΪⳡϷȤɡ
ɨգɫ԰ף˵ȴʮ㣬ȫ֮˵ŵ㾢ӡ
Ŀƣע⵽ظ˿ðѪȴƺоʹҲδֹѪûע⵽
͸ŹŹ֣ˣ˻в֮ô˵̬֮
ԣһʲôطԣ
лҪ˵Ϸչչ
л


Ѫ5

¿üͷ
˵¹Ӱɱʬһ뵽ңɸղűȶԹҲȷǲң
ңֻһۣҲܽġӺ䣬峺
ԣһʱùַѽ⡣
Է飬ǰ״̬Ҫ˵ͨĻֻһֿܡ
ͻȻһ䣬ܱ㳯ȥ
죬ɶܡ
Ӳл˫ܵС
Ѱü϶˲䣬һǰץס
˷ӦȴǼ죬ֳ˻ȥͬʱһƽ˻һɨȲߣҲ˻ȥ
»Ҫɱǰȥȴֽͣ²⣺ô˽
ӳĬ룬Цˣȫˣԭˣ
һͷˮʲôˣ
ӿ˵ǰ´ڵأȷʵΪʵ֮¡Ƥ³ȥסµĲ˿죬Ҳȷʵʵ
㲢û˵ѣǰߣʵֻǰͺ㲢ͬһˣ԰ɣ㲢̲ǡǡǲܷΪǰǸ˸Ͳ㣡
Ӷ񣬡԰ɣ
ȻһӦ֮ȴЦȻϻۣ˿ֻҲף֪ģ
΢ǣ´ѪִӸ߿׹£׹صͷûʹ壬˵ʱȷʵûκλ֮˲١
˵һ֮ˣƤӵ¶ס˲̫ܣʱұɡ
һ٣Уץ󣬱Ϊ̽һ̽Ȼϣ鸡󣬸硣
ע⵽ϵ˿ڣѪȴ˿ʹı飬Īʯͷģ԰ĵڶ
»ˣ԰ɣ£ͷ˵㣬Ϊλһų֣㲻˵ΪⳡϷȤһֲ˵ǸȤ
ҲԸ⽫һǰһﲻչŸİɣֵʱ㲻ԣǵ
µ߽ŻĸѹͻȻԭǻ˸˰
ɵƣ֮ңɽ֮ɱʬأ
˹򻯣ļƣΪ׽ŪǣҲԸһҲ˵
ǰսһأ⸱֣ǹҪ˼ⰸѰ졣
ˣľ־壬Խɲ
ϸһ֮Ʒ裬֮˲ǲң
ɽңһԹС츳ȻԼҲϰá
ʩߣȻǲң
ͬңһҲǸɱ֮ˡţѧ»ֶΣҲһˡ
Խô˰Ź֣ް˼
ԭЩɣһÿһʹ̲סֳޡ
ϻۣⳡϷԽԽȤˣ
ЦһϵѲʺ幤ϳˣһУɼݲ㸽ƾݡɱʬȻҪԼݷࡣ
ܴڸλһðãȻֳһ
һ⣬ܣֱָ˺䡣
ڿ˵Ǽ٣ȷʵΪ˻ʬ󡣶²ɱ֮˰ɣΪɱˣ
Ҽǵᵽһ䡮ʬûǴһͨʬƶɵĸ߽ѪбǼõĿܡ
ôʬĿʲôأΪǱıʵ
ճҪ±һ·㡣
˵ϻɳֱ˺䡣
ٶȼ죬˻óһɨȴƫ˹켣
λӺļҲǺôôҿúÿһϯ³˺£˫ܣ³лɺã
¶ʱԭءͷϲз˶֮ˡ
˫ܣ³л㿴úÿҿȴǸ䣡
Ҳ˺ÿǺ⡣
죡
ٴηɳȴĺͣסԭѳںǰˡ
ӣ⽣˲ҵģɡԸ⣬˰̧ΣʮױӭȢɺã
㣡ֱ֣
âͻһȥ
֣Űȥ
ȴóһء
˫һ˲սĹ飬ȴɺ⣬϶ߣҲһʧ
ܣµڴ˴ʬɾ׷ȥ
䣬Ҳɵ⣬ѭĹ켣ζȥ
һӣǰ|֧ٴȥ
Щԭóģʬ飬һȫɢ⡣
ٷ磬ΪΡ
ѭźʮ֮һɽϡ
ɽһʯţˡݡ֡
źһͨɽ
ʱڣһɢ䣬ȴïʢʺȾޡ
̤ϻƽߣһϮء
ɽѶϣͷȴһ
ۿȥǺɫġϹ壬зһƬ
ݡϣһƬɡңʢŵһһ䡣װҺ壬͸ɡ濴ȥˮ١Ө
ӿǺɡü
ɡǲңûųȴ벽ңЩϵô
żƫѰȴһˣѶߡ
վڵǰ̧ͷȴľߵĺۼٻϵĺɡɽµ֣Ҳĺۼ
ԭݡһûĹ
аá
֮û任壬ҪķǲڣֻеˣŻصʩϡ
˵Ҫ֧һɽĻض˴ķ
Ҳ֪˭衣
ǲң˸ĵ̣ϵȻҲĳλͷ
µģǹ첽ңַóҵֽɡһá
ʹҲ־塣
Ǵ򶷵ʱ򣬻ӱƺ
˺ܽܣصʵ֧Żĵķʵڼ֮ڵϳˡ
ʵҪʬʲôأ
ֺαʹһи
ԾԽ죬ȴ֪ǺεȾ永
лҪ˵鿪ʼ˷롣
ϷôȻԭҲһķʣǺڵĴ||永ķչҲ£͹ϵķչҲٲ
лġ


Ѫ6

صȣ˰һϣ׷𣿡
ҡͷ
ô죿Ҳֹɱʬˣʬ壬Ҳġ
һ˼һȥƽǡ
¸ͷˣƽǣƽʬйأ
ӵ鵽һͷûУҪ¼ʼĩôʬ˸֡ƽҲӦƽǵġ
˴ӯ֮Ա𴦣ɲشԶܵɽ˵ͨ
ߣԱ𴦵ģƽǾƽǵĳѵ𣿻Ϊⲻ̫ܣҲֻƽǵˡ
ʬ˸˵λͣƽﻹ˭ȳʬˣȿǵıλˣ˵أ
µͷͬԼǣԳƽɱʬȻ˸ҹܣҲ㹻ڸ£ȷʵõѡ
ȥҪзѵãʬ˱óƭȡ˷뾳˽ͨȥһΪΪˣ֮һϵе¡
ֵϧûץˡȲ²ƽǳҪھȥ߷𽫾ɱڳϣʬͷۣҲһ٣
ӵʬԶǼˡҴ֮ʱδʹȫ
׷һɽϣ֡ΪûҪ֧һɽĻоҴ򶷣ʵضԶԤУѷң١
ҲֻƲ⣬Ҳû֤ݣðʧǲɱġֻȥ֤ʵ²⣬˳ذΧڴ֮ǰҪúıһȻʵôĶ֪
»Ȼͷ֮ʱֲܽˣҪֳһַ֧Ż˿ǸĽɫ
ٳƽһ̽
ȴͻȻһǱʲôץסˡµͷȥȴԭһֻ֡
ָѸŧ¶ǣֻֻڵץš
¸ɴؿ˫֣ȴŭԴ͵棬˺ҧһӽͷ­
ȴѡ²ͷ˦֣һϮȥԭצĹ˲仯һ̲ŧˮ
µʬ˷ʬдܣֻ¸ɽͷܱߵĳǳѱռӿʬɣƱҪһ
ǵصǵʱѾ࣬ʬ˼Ȼ֪ѰֻҪӽȣǰʬҪɡΪ֮ƣÿЩȥƽ̽̽ʵȷǱ֮ǷΪƽǳ
µлͷɵأȴѰ˿
ʬͼΪΣѰ𡢰ȨҲվסš
ʬķ˵ЧҲʬǿɱɽȣԶһ֧ܾҲƲʲôˡ
ȴ벻ͨ
龰һ̶ˮԽԽ롣ʱִ٣һжüޡ
ƽǣݡʲôܣȥֻηչ˿룬ม֮ʱֻʲôĽ֣
յףֻеƽǲܽҿ
Ӵ˺þá˻ӣôˣ
ͻȻѣҡͷûʲôЩȥƽǰɡ
ҪͻȻʹ˲ȫһֻĸо
ͻȻһͷȥ

ת飬һƬڣƤǱʲôѹţֻоΧбҺڻ
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ǰһƬɫͷϷ΢ĹߴԲӳŰ߲Ӱ
ڡˮ£
ĸо̼ŴԣָһʶȻɴ۾İĻ
ôˣɽôʹȫߣȴӱĪסˣá
ϤȸȼһΧ˻ӵ塣
ţоƤҪ̳һһİھӿ
ӲܿƵؽӺƸбɸƶ
ӻǻǰҫۺ⡣
ǰͻȻһ޴ľӣӿԼӰھ
ͻȻӦǲԼΪӰ΢Ц
䵨󣬵}˵Ļ滹٣ĻŲѡ
˭Ҫʲô
΢ЦĻȸˣȻ治ôģǲòЦÿˡ
ֱ֣ӡֻ沨һ£һֻ־ʹ˳ӡ
һһģһݣҲЩ
ȻЦȴ¶ް˵۾һƬ󺣣ͻûһС
ӿԾˣȴԭء
лӣ˿ˣЩ
ü㾹֪ң
΢ɲسǣİԹɫڵĴ󶴣ƺʱܴݻԼ
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ǹزʶȴһһݣ˭Ӳ²ضӵԵʡ
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㵽˭ǿô£
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㡭
ӻҪ˵ͻȻһָסˡ
꣬ڽˡ
ſ˻ӣḧӣƺЩο˼
΢Цźˣʧھǰ

ԵϾɫŵɷסξʵ죬¡
ˣͻȻزһΪôأҵĺþá
ӻ˿лδ
ǿӵԵʣңͶҽʰãͼı޶ξһŮͬһұţȴ˵ЩֵĻҺ¡Ҳ֪ңͼΪΣʲôֵƵģ
ң̫ƵͷϣǵΪΪ˶Уˡ»ټҪۣ
ŭѹƲ£Ӷ޳֮伫ʹЩֶΣ
ӵǰûɱңĳվ֣ŻҪҵȥڴ֮ǰҵգȴƿҵ
֮Ĵ´֣ͼıһֻһҵʱջʼƣµʱưٽã֮ǰӣת
һĺʦδȴһʼ㱻ٿؾơŪƣʵ¡


Ѫ7

ƽǾɽȲӺС̣ҲˡУ߱㱻һƬɫ˹ȥ
һɳУֵᡣĨɫڿյĵֽɡ
ʶͬǣֽɡŵһյƣʢҺ塣һɡ濴Ө͸ƹӳ֬
ŽֵߣǰҹֵûӰҹ紵
ֵŽգΨоͷһƻͨǳˡ
˼ӿ첽ǴȥȴͻȻСһӰһ
ͷɢģ档һҲò๸Ѫۡ
·ģ߱߻ͷĿⲻͣɨΧڶʲô˻ʲô
ȷΧȫ֮ͻȻֻһһ󲽾룬һ嵽˴ϡ
ÿӺ£ͻȻ޴Ц˹մѪ˫ֳסµ½һ˼ͷֱѶͷơ
ȾҡѪѪööѪ
ֱ˵ǲŷԭǸŮӡ
̧ͷһۣӵͻȻǼʲôֲĶһ͵һɣֽŲȥ
йɱңɱң
Ůһ˫ֱϥȫΪ³|ҡͷ޺ţγĵۣĳӡ
ӣ±£ˡ
ȴһһഫһ긾ŮżСܹ
Ůǰ£ϣȻһѽ˻
ŮӺͻȻָһǡ
ӣԣأûйģ¡긾Ůͷ
ôˣ߽ͣǰ֮⣬΢ЦſŮһۡ
΢Цƣʱ½٣ûд޴֡
Ů̧ͷһۣӰҹΪڽεЩؼȥɣЩٳˣв̫ƽ
µΪʬԵʣ
Ůһ£ҡͷʲôʬ˵Ĳ̫ƽָǶ
ָŽֵͷǵƻɺ֮ǳҪû£ǧҪ˵ģ
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ûֻǴԸг˵ĹӣԭҲǸе澣Ϊ˲ÿĶ˸ӳ˸⣬Ժ󣬰ӣͲˡ
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µ˼ǹ
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Ƕ˯бʳģû˿ǹǱֵʱѾ԰ףһˡʳĶӣ˵ŮʳӾ꣬ҪΪһѽ
³ĬƬ̣˼һ飬Щɻ
ҵŹһЩʳİֻǻû˵ĸ˱ʳ껹ܻŵġ߽롢ջ˯ĳģҲ˵
Ӱ㵹󵨣ǿɲٴˡղ̫ƽʳ꣬ǵضģֶѡǵˣҲΪ֮ɡ
Ůһ󣬲Űӣȥ
æ׷ʵʲôض
ŮͷƽǳɽͻȻضһһ򣬴Ҷ˵ֵġû°ҲȥˡҹΣգؼȥɡ
Ů˵꣬תС

ͷɡƻڣӳյ硣
ҹȻȴţǰһӺһ濴ŶԷ
ǺӲһڵϣɢ¶ǰһƬѩ׵ļӣȴͬŮӰᡣ
ֳһɡ²δ꣬ɡģÿȴûʵ
ֱ棬һۺˮ⡣
ӵȻˣʲô»㲻ôȴûأôɵ˰Һ˯һˣȴĴô
磣Ҳнģǰֻһʱ𣬶ȴ档֪Ҷһ̫õģҲһˣһӣ͵һΰɡȴټʶõĽ֡
ӽºһֻؿڣЩ
һ֮ڣҸУҵġҵӣҵÿһλÿһ΢Цÿһ㻽ҵ֣涼ӡҵļ˳棬ҪٻҲŷѾʧȥԼѾ벻ˡ
Σ˾ǲˣһ˦䣬ȥٿ
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ˣһʱôЩҹĲֻһʱ𣿶˵黰Ҳֻһʱ𣿰ҡңֻһʱ𣿡
㻶|ֻΪ|ٿûиġûǼٵģãҲֻΪҪй֪ôɵˣ
ԴǱ䣬絶٣ˡ磼Ҫվס
һ껶ãԭң
ͻȻЦصˣԭûҪģȴѾʩˡ
ɱңҲԥİɣԭĿԴݻһ˵İ췢Цʪա
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Ҳɱ㡣
Ѳںˡ
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ѩ׵ĽûأǶ룬ɬġԹ޵ġɱЩȴҲһĻ
װˡ
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תȥɫȣʧ
Ƭ̣ĿʧͣǴ
ͻȻˡ
ûΪɡˡ
ͻȻֽɡһ˳ɡɡǵһ̣ͻȻŴ󣬺ɡ˲ըѳƬ
ǰͻһƬ磬ûһ׹档
ӣ̲ס

Ҳ֪˶ã߽С
Ƶͷ֪ʲôһұǰͷ˽ȥ
֪ȹʯףİȻ
ұǶһ̨⽫ռյ͸ʯ嶼ɫӫ⡣
ԣǲӫ⣡ϸһǶԭǸʯϵģճȳѪҺ
ͷҲͣҲδƺϰΪѪҺȥ
ûãͣ
ҵû·ռ֮ǰֿ࣬ĸһ޴
ұϵÿһ䶼ˡվλλڿռģűһһɼĳӡ
ڳ˽ǺɫҺ
ЩӶ˦˦֣ǺɫҺ㻬øɸɾ
ˣ
صڿռܶұڣһˣȴһڻӦ
˷Ը½Ѱףڱɿ󡣡
䣬һұ˸⣬űһӰұ˳ӡ
˵ͷǱ㿪ʼɡ
µתұڡ
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ŵȴһۿȫӰͷǧ
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ǡ
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ȴڳͷֺֻ֮ʣƾճһ֧һһӦǳȫϡ
ԭҲǸɱ˲գ۵ģĹ
Ӻ´գɱǰӰһ
ջسǰӭ
ϾڻңӺնּոս棬¾ͱײȥײڵϣ˲
ӽȥڽ¡
¿ԭҲǸʬˣðһͨŪأһɼµ˵ǣȴûҲǸĺģ
ɱǣҪʲôʬôնɱʬĿȱɴ˵ѹаڿ󷨱⣡
ң˫۷죬ɱ⡣
һٶƻҵĴ£ֻнɱˣҵļƻܼ
Ҳ֪˭Ҳ֪֮кγԹִ⻵Ҵ£аǺݣն
лҪ˵л

Ѫ8

Ѹ٣½Ҳ졣
һȥûʹ˺üƺЩġ
ʵôװˣ۲۰ҴŸʲôҲûɱ˵ʱаĴȰ
ٶɱȷˣֻܱ˫ȴ񣬼ķ
ȴƺ֮ûУʹţҲδء
鸡ſⲻ԰
óʵɱʬôܾͣ㣬Ȼɻȫʬ
òվȣű۵ؿڣأЦ
Һ˵ʬˣζ϶ɱʬɱ˾һںô֪ҹһƽǵ˾Ͷ
ǱЩѣǧɾھƽǣִˣƽΪУǺξģ
ľЦ˵⻰Լɱʬ¿˵ھˣȵˣ⻰꺢ͯţڲҲҪѡõĻѻɣ
ʲôɱ󣡡۽Ƕ͵ͨ졣
ƺֻҪҪñѡ
˻ʲôɱ˾ǣ
ҪӻӽѣȴһȣֱѪѸٳֽһ׻ȥ
ӷ˹ɱǺ󣿡
Ƕڽ䣬֪һȴĵصǶˣЦ޶ۣ
ɱһ۱ӦһɱλʬΪѪΪýʬѪأɽ£һۡ
òۣաɱλһΧȦģ貼һɱλɱλΪۣһɣɡ
ѪɱλɲٿۣʵϷӡɣ˱ѹѪеʬԲʮڵµʬҲᱻѹʬóǽƷ֮ɹ
ǰѪرɱλǰնɱʬǷӡ۵һСֻѪɽȣ۱ɣƫƫʬնɱǹȫ٣
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Ѫ˿ŵۿ˱ߣΪĻںޡ
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Щҡҡͷ޻̸֮ʬ֮ѹɾͲ׷֮ز⣡
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лҪ˵һ½ܵضʳ֮ʬƽˡ
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Ѫ9

һ´°ˣֻǴ˰дɵ㣬עֻصϡ
µӣѪѪأǲңɱ󣬳еضΪɽԵʣ۷λͬԲŻһһ
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Ѫ10

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лҪ˵л

Ѫ11

˵磣ǰŸ뿪ôУ
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ûڣΪʲôҪʱȥڲңв֮µʱһѲصʱ֪࡭
ؿŴǾ塣
⣬ңɰȻš
˺Ѱʹ
лҪ˵л

Ѫ12

ǰ𣬡磹ӣңһܹ֮ƽ⣬˵һߣԡ
ߵǰָһӣܱƾճ֡
վڻƾļϣֱͨ۴ġ
һֽ̯䳯Ž˲ʢš
ţһ̶ĦֻоߵĶҪĥ顣
ܺ͹һͻȻһıǰâըѡ
ݵʧٿʱǰ飬ɴССıңһر֮С
ܣڲңǰ£̧𣬸һӡ
ֽסѪҺ˸ԭճѪҺ˲仯һָͷСӡ
ţӣۣʲôͻȻź⣬Ʈ
һ̣һ̣һ𣬻С
ѪͻȻɫȻ¡
ִӣȴѡ
ҷֱ𲻹һʱ䣬ôң¹ˣˣ
ңͻȻ
磼ǰӣѾȥվǰǲңһǰ˫ֽ˫磬ҡΡ
𣿡
ң̧ۿһۣЦһֱϵһ£ȴ۵֡
ǲң
ֳǰȥļʮָ޲Ĺͷˡ
ŭкζԹΪˣħôȥΪʲô첻㣡첻ʣɱ㣬Լ
˵˫Ĳϡ
ݺݵصŲңƤü󣬺޲Ŀ⽫ɱ
ңȴ˿ӣЦһ£Ϸ磣Ϊ㿴|ڴģֻۼΪʵôԹˣȴ嶼ϷŹˣ
ңͻȻץס˫ۣƽ۾ؿһЦ
Ц㲻ڵǶʱ䣬ÿĶ㣬ͣصߣȴԹˣһ˰ˣٸҹһᣬһţ֪
ҪʱĶ㲻Ҳ׾ռ塣˾ʱ䣬Ż޷أѾɣڣ嶼Ҫ𣿡
ңƽÿ˵һ䣬ǰһ
˫ֱץţԭģҲֱ׳ֱ۾һˡ
ԭѾʮ⣡
ʲôļ򡢲ҪɱǿϲһҲµˣ
ͻȻԼһƣһƽԼˡ
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ҲֻԹģԹ˵ЩĻԹһ
ǵͷԹĺޣ塣
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ûһҶʼٸߣҲǰף㣬ȥ޶ԣ㣬ջںΣ޻գ㣬ֻϣģ
ң˲İɣDDɱңƾʲô
վסһ׹ϡ
ⷬ˵һ㲻ɽ־棬Թ˭ֻԹԼ
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ˣҲհˡңĻ˵䷴Ļ
ɢһֻݺݾţ޲ֱͷƤͷѪ
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㣡
˲˴ƬŰʹקקǱץס
ſ
á
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ɱˡʬҵĴæʬɣѾãҪͻǺˡң˵ͻȻۣȥ
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סֻ¶һЩֽƬƤ
ͻȻ˰ߣ𣬽ڻ
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ңով𣬻ӱܴȥ³һȣǰ¡
˳ƽȻΪֱ᪽廨ؿڵλá
ܼʱǰ棬ң֮ϣӲУˡ
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ӵԾܸ߾٣ն¡
ңոأ»ȣһԳ
ͬʱɱ
ϣһתܵĹٴӲһʧ˹ơ
ңһͻһסתͷһԵ£ͻȻ߽
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ң´ᱧ𣬻ͷŻӡ
¹ͶԵҹҰɡ
䣬ֻһ˸˲ʧ
Ķ׷˳ȥ
շɳûãǰͻȻһƬԶԶı˽к
Ӹӵ棬ŷ·ֵͻȻһȺʬ塣צץ˱ҧ
һȺŻǱˣЩʬ岻⣬ǰš
Ⱥҵӵһ𣬳ʮֻҡ
ӷʬȺм䣬ܷɳʬȺдգۼ佫Եʮʬնϡ
ʬȺܿӿ˹Χס
ӷɻؿУܱǰط衣
˫һֱֱָܱ棬Ƕ
ͬʱһƬ˳ŵӿγһȦ
ȦѸһͽƽʬ˲仯촷ۡ
˫ֺƣǿ˹ȦϵĽ磬ȷѾȫңʧķ׷ȥ
лҪ˵л

Ѫ13

۱һİ޵ȫˮУ
ͷҪȴˡ
ŨŨ벽ңϵһ¡ͻȻǲң
ڳҪʲôܹ֮ôЩ˵ô
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ºݺݵĿѡ
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ͷԼĲˮƯǲ㻨̫꣬峺ĳˮ£֡
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֮Ȼ|һ뵽ǲң˲Ӷ
ңֻԽԽ
ϻָЩ˺ϵ˺һһƬųһţһߡ
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|ˣҲˡ
лҪ˵ԭûн룬ɾemmmᡣ
лġ


Ѫ14

ϢƬ̣оָЩվȽ仹ţҲǿվס
ҲָһЩֱһ·ϡ
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ҷȥ۽ǵۣ÷ڸ˿ڣֱֱվǡ
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Ȼ£Ǳһƽǰɡ
µͷڻ󡣸߳ͻȻһ
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ԭڵĺɡҲһһ䣬ҺҲ㵹罦
һ޴죬ݡȥ
Ĳң춼ȥˣǱӦ
һԿţĬ
ݡûģˣͻ»صңϡ
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һʬɣң˿ʹıʵضԸֻӼѡ
ʱ·ϣѴڷ֧ԮҪһЩʱ䣬ټϾӪƽǵľ룬ٻҪһʱ
ƽǵĽˣû֪ܲܳŵԮ
ûбİ취ֻܶģһܹ֮סƽǼʱ
ҹעһҹ


ڴϣûѣΪϴһ
Ѱ񣬽鴲װһ̨ٻµһϲ졣
һŪŻϻڴǰױ̨ϡͭ޵ĻɫӳϣԽÿˡ
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磣𣿡
תзˮţǣҡ
磿ߣӣ㲵ݣ۲ѡ
ԲҺ㣬ҲáۿˮԽԽ࣬ڻ
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ƲסԼ޳ˡ
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ͻȻЦˣЦˣԳ
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Ϊû֪ƫƫɶ˻𣬰ñ΢
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ŵҰ㣡ңܿԹ޻ڣңҲԸܿࡣ
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Цˣȴǹ۾΢šҲûΪչ¶Цˡ
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ЦŽַմȴһƬ飬ͻȻ̧ͷʣǲǺܳ󰡣
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磣ָգţϧҲˡ
ס֣۾ʪˡ
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ԵǸĶǧ˺ƫƫֻ㣬һ̿ʼ֡
һΪʲôҲһʼһоѾע
ΪһˣΪһ顣
鰮ĥ˵ĶΨְ֮ԸȻ
ֶһʼˣҲû·ˡ
лҪ˵л

Ѫ15

ýʣһһѺɡͷϡ
һμ㣬Ŵ꣬ʱһ˶ڸǽǣʪ͸ˡһƶıܴǽɪţ˫ֽϥǣͷ߽㶼ûֱֽɡΪ̧꣬ͷҡ
ʱһˮ۾ǿ޹ţһͷڷҵشڼϡ̧ͷ۰Ͱ͵ңȴʹһ
úÿȴ˪ţĲ̣ȥһѺɡҽͷϡң˵ûΪŹɡû˹Ĺ㡣
ǰҴӲһ飬һ̣ˡʱұ¶ģҪ㣬һӲˣһΪɡ
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һ˺㣬ʹΣһ˺㡣ңΪһΥ˵㣬šţҵҲڵѪҶԲ㣬첻ĻᶼҡǷ̫࣬Ƿģɡ
ᣬҲš
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ΪɵǷģΪʲôҪеĹԼҪҲ
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˻ȵҺ壬Ѫ
ˡ
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˵һమ˴ŻһںηǵҲ໥ǰԵ
лҪ˵һꡣ
л

1

ϣת飬ȴûۡ
һҹδߣ壬һҹ֮ķ̫صƽǣڳ¥ϱ˯ȥ
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˵⻰߼µģҪɱǣֺα㵲磿Ҳһɱ˲գ۵ĶħҪǣҶǰ취ֶΣα鷳
ΪˣΪϲ㣬˺κˣʴʣȴһҲ飬ǲʶô
ҾͲӦþ㣬ҾӦóˣǿҪ㣬ˣռ㡢Ū㣡
³ŪЦţڵ˵ɰ׵ģ
ѵҪҸмɱʬﵱһǧһΣµĴȴҳϣһζؽƱ磬ͼڸʵ
ϲϱһǻ磬Ż񶾵䣡
¼Ǻ˵λֻԼǿ󣬲ֻ
ԭ㾹ˡ
ңЩʧ䣬ӨӨˮӯۿı齩Ӳعϣû˰
ǣҺ㣬͸ˣ
߬ȭͷһȭȥңȴʧһȭͷؿڣޱŻһѪ
һȭϡңֻؿй
Ҽ£һûУ
ĹҪʬΣ⡢ѪЩ꣬Ҫ˶жңһҪٻĻǣѹĥ
Ǹ棬漫Ŀ
ȴͻȻ׵رңק
ͬʱһѸٻڼ֮Ŀһεײһ顣
Ȼˣɣ
лҪ˵ңΪʲôҪ²ϲ£ǿǡȡҧˮء
͡ںڰȥһˡǰʱֻռʹǺֻҪá
һԭΪԹǰ˵Զһȴ£Ҫĸγϡ

6

ֻһӰͻȻ֣ƤһЦȻƮ䡣
ңˣּˣϴһҲû˰ɣҵЩءôŸ˰˭
Ƥز濴ȥӴⲻ¹ôһˣŶϲˣĪ¹ӾǴ֮ˣ汧Ǹոһͱһң˲Ұɣ
ңлŭ׽ëһֱûġѳ˵ǽұҪ㸶ۣһұҪɢ
ңɢ᪽ƾճ֣ƴ
´ӺǰƿңŰƤ˽ֲɱңҪ
ɻУ˲ң֧֣ǿ١
һԾһ׹˳ƻӳ
ƤǹǰƵóһȣһȣ׹⾹˲仯Ϊޡ
ȣԭ⣡
ңã˲Ƶǰ棬¡
Ҫɱǰȥңƻܻ
ʲôҪɱ𣡡
û뵽¹ңˣɱɲȶ٣ʲô캦£ǵˣ
Ƥҡȣһֲ´ļơ
ңôУ
˿ɻǵҹʲôݡˮ˶¹£ҿĿȫ̵ģҲʱµѵӡ
˵ڰ㿴˼յ壬Ҳжģ棬Ҳְɣ¹ӣҲûɱôҿڸ㴴Ӣ۾Ļѽøлҵġ
˵⻰ң˵Ŀ|Ǹ߳أ¹һ졢|ıҲǺÿأ
µ˲͸ˣ߳ܵ±ӿ˵ʵߺĿƫƫֻƫƫڳ
ں޲Ҹطȥ
Ҫԣ²˲ңɱǰȥ
һƤߣ͸оһǿγһǽƾʼ˲
¹ӱ׷ˣǲңıżķѼƵķԼҲûаܴе󷨣οˡ
ˣҾͲţңʲô÷ƫҪԣ
ҪɱȥȴͻȻһֻ§סȻӱһ׼ȷĻ
£㲻Ķ֣
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Ҫѻȴֱңʩˡ
У㡭
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ңߵƤǰһӸµ̬̲סЦ
Ƥ汰ɣΪ½ȴû뵽Ǳˡ㲼µģѪҲĽлӵҲġ
㺦ˣҼʱϵѪҵ󷨣Ըϲˣ湻ɣ
û´ĿĿɲɱ˻Ӻ£ң԰ɣϵһΪ㷭ȡȣ󷨶Ըǡ
ƽǣⱾڹļƻУںʲôﵽĿĵģֻںҵĿģ
±ҳ֣ҪøѱȻڹǰһ״ʧһҶˣöļư
Ƥ경ңķ̲סֳޣϱҲɲм
˵ͷͷǵûҵĿġʵʱһ¹Ӳܽȴû뵽ѾֵزĶ˸ˡ
˵ϻ͵Ҷټ˺£Ǹúúһˣ
᪽ͻȻֶǿĽϮͱˡ
Ƥ㵹ͬʱȻǰǿϡ
ֻһƬըѣɰԵ˲佻㣬٣Ʋɵ
ȷռȻƤзѷ˰֡
˼ƤһͻȻ͵̧𣬳ûӳһ⡣
ңǣʱȻعͷٿƤѾ˲ƵͷϷ
Ѹٽ¹ͬʱ֣ӲΧȥ
᪳ŰƤֱֱش̹ȥƤۼֿ죬óѷ빥ɱһ顣
ûٸ塣
еԴԴϵعŹңҲϼǿԿ˺
ʱ᪽ɱ˹Ƥһץӹһ־Կɽ
з֣ʵ벽ңԶȫȵǱ˿ɳ֮
ңڵƤ֣ҲˣǽеͶҿԿһȫʬ
ƤάߵĹѾЩϱҲôÿˡ
ң㲻Ҫ̫ˣжһûʹȫأôȲˣе˰ɣ
𣿡ңǳ¶һЦݡ
ֻ˲ͬʱʢߵлţȰƤɳ֮⡣
׷ɱȥƤһ˦ַɳʱ
ң׼ʱǰһ߳и
ƤŻѪˣò׶ס£ȴֳֽɱ
ƤֻȺᵵǰȴй᪰Եˣ·硣
ƤЩҲסˣӲƴʵ϶òôǱＤ
ƤЦң޴ɱңǻǰģֻҪһ첻ϵͷ㲻ܸǣ
ɵʵҲ֣һҲֳģǰҪѧװɵ̫ûк³ģ
ңЩЦص㰲ĵһɣҪΪԼ޴ҽˣҪ˵ɴʶһеͶһȫʬҲ̫ң
ңͻȻӴʩȣϷ
ң޴㣡Ϊһǧ򲻸ϲ£ߣΪģʱڶ!
ɱңҸұ֤ͻ᳹ײ㣬͵ſ±ʬɣ
ңɫɴĵߣ˭ҪǸضಫ
죡Ϊ˭ֲ۵Ϲӣ˭üֵһֻҪҪķҾӣ򲻵ѣɲԶ˫ۡ
ͲͬˣССһ٣һ뿴ɱ㣬Σ
ƤѸ׹䣬ûκηءѸȽѪѾڼΣյľء
ǱңѪжޣ
Ҫ롰桱ʣɵĿռİ취
Ƥ˺£Ҫ㸶ۣɣ
ң͵ķƤ׹ٶͻȻӿ죬ۼҪѪ֮С
Ƥ鼱֮´󺰣£
Ȼңһ£һĳɣ˰ƤĻᡣ
᪵ĹԽңĲ档
ɴ߳һţ֮߳⡣
ƤѸҡ棬һŻͻȻ֣ƶΧ˲ң
ңֵˣɣ


7

һɺ
һյͨĿгѩС͸塣
ңеˮɼγһºıǽ̤Ѫˣ桱
ĺƵ˽Կ˭Ҳ˭
˵Աƻ˵Σңǿ֮ʮֳ죬֪֮ȵ󷨣ԸƤµĻ練ơ
Ϯɢܿռλһһ𣬻֮Сʧ
ƤƲӶ棬һ޴ĻͻȻȼ͵سǽ
ڱǽϱѿ޴Ļűǽѷǽֻһ˲䣬ǽͱΧ
ȵ˶Կγѹ֮ơ
ңһǽ棬ıУֻһ£Ϥȥ
绨Ʈɢٴڻ֮䡣ռϷ磬ֱȥ
Ƥɱת۷ǰһɨһ㱬ը
߱â赲ңֻѸٱۣ֪Ƥλ
ȴͻȻżһ㣬ͬʱƤڼ֮Ŀ
ңȿǺöҽû|㣬㾹˿Ҳûв֪Ǻ
㣬רʷ˵㣬󣬽㺦µһĻֳĥ㣬ļ£ʹҵĲңˣúðɣ
ңѸٻϵļѨλҪֹǷѾһһΪʱ
壬оѪҺƣһһ˿
ʹһһɢ۵òңڵأ鴤
ģݵʧ֮ǰͻȻһĻӰ

һͲңһӵϥڵϣŵӻеСŮ
һһŹŪСŮĵؿЦš
ҵСǿɰҪҪ籧ҿɺþöûбˣ벻ѽ벻ұ㰡
С죬ʹҡͷͷ۰Ͱ͵ӣ͵ؽţ
ЦŰôˣĸѽһ²ôˣ㲻ϲճø籧òãߣ⿴ţ±°
Хнӹܵ˲䣬صСŶûͲʶˣ´Ҿҧˣ²£
ҡͷ¡ᡭᱣҡ
ҪǸڵʱأ²£
ŵؾ硭¸ҡ
֪ѽɲ¸ھҪҧһڣҧ

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ɲ֪ڶ棬ܵСȥգХǲɿѽֻؿŸͿ
ХſɣŪˡŮУ̲סǰֹ
Хɿ죬ЩصСްҿûҧ㰡㵹ˣôôûðţͻҸ㣬˵ƭҿԡ
ХһŹͷᣬЦ
ХעһڣȴС׹ĵطֲ۾ֱֱؿ涼ǲԸ
ôҰСް綼ˣҲһںòã
ܵҡͷܡ
Ҷˣ㲻ԲŶ˺òã
ХеؿڴСһ£ֿ˻ȥ
ХҵС԰ԽԽϲѽ
Х̲סøˣСף޲úúðϧ
˶⻶ЦСͻȻͷһƬӹ״꼻ĺ޻Ʈ䡣
γ֮ơ
仺׹䣬صһһſ
ŵĻƮɢһһ㼯ڵϿա
û֪ЩӺζҲû֪ȥᷢʲôΨһȷͻԲʲôͷ
ХЩǳģϿ뿪ùңа취Ӧԣ
ХĿǰ彣գʱ׼ս
һôӦùɣ߾ˣս
˵ʲôұˣҲûȫ£ֻҷģߣֻ㻤Ҳܷģ߰
ҪХ뿪ɾʱЩͻȻȼŵȼ۽Ƭյúޡ
ϷԸߵĴȼӣȼʣµĹһơ
ù죬ɷţɺͻȻʧһȫû˷֮һʱ죬Ũ̹
ʱֳһƬѹѹĶѸ
ȽһȻǻĺɫѡ
ĿĵĴҴܣ¥¥˴ˡ
ǿĻһҧУƤͻѸٸʴһѰ׹ǣѪҺ¾ȥ
·֣Щѡڶ࣬ͣײŷ֣ǰûκλ֮Ҳֻܾʱ䡣
Хߣ
Х֧ű֣κη΢𲻵ʲôãڻѵΧѾ᧿Σ

һµı֣ХΧһƳַȥ
һ߰ǣ
ХߣҪˣ
ХҵĴű֣ͼñͣ£ÿ֮ڱͻȻʧ
ХȱִۿӰԽԽԶҲʧֻһƬɫĻŨ̡
滷Хĺͣ£֣ͷԹԵشȥȸܿͻǧҪҶȻҲˣ𣿡
ֹͣصͷ
Х˫ֽӡڹһ磬ŷĵظϻ
ǵصʱ򣬻漸ѾɢȥѻΪҽ
ЩĻҲʧˣֻһ޴ߵѪ鴤ȶ
ôˣҰѣХҰ
Х§У屻ѴҲһյòƲ
ϵѪҺҪˣһάź
ſ߿ڣ³һ䱻һ
֪ϲһɣԵ֮ҾٻĻǣֻϧѲˡ
Хʱ޳ˣ˵òΪô࣬ХȴģХԲ˵ˣΪ˰ɣ
ҡͷܾӦúչˣҪšޡš
һ鴤ŻһѪһ˲ɢûȵءХֹס
Ӧááš
ÿ˵һ֣֮ŻһѪһһ٣ںĸѪ
Ѱ
Х˷ţǻеû˰Ϣ
ӷŽ⣬ɢһƬƬ⣬ʧڿ
һҲʧˡ
ХľȻؿŸʧ۾ɬͣȴҲһᡣǱõϵһ飬Ѫܵš

ХڵأͻȻΪԭγȥ
ڿţͻһˣɵһۡ
۾ֹͣȶһ׹ȥ
ѪҺģߣҲ˹ȥ
лҪ˵ңԭХ߹֮Ÿ
лġ


8

ԺһĻĻ֣ѹȥٶ꣬ʹĸоȴȻôʵ
෭ѣƺҪҲж˿顣
ңµĲǻ䱯ˣǻ֮Ϊֻͽʹ
ҹﾪѣƭԼֻΣǸǾʵٲԸⶼҪԵʵ
ĸȷʵǳɥҲ˾Ĺ֮۵ڰԨ
ʹǿԼҪȥ룬һҹ˾ʱǻȴǸ֡
ӰԶҲ֮ȥֻʱĳɸ˰ֻ̣Ҫʹ
ң̱ڵϣ˺ͷˮĿᣬҪϢ
ԲҪǿһ㣬¸һͺˡ
ƤһԿŲңǱģЦ
ңҲн죡ôٴοĲ״ǲǺʹΪ˾㣬ĸҲôңһж㺦ģף
ӦεģƾʲôûĸʡģͷҪ㣡ôûһȥʲô˼أ
ôСû𣿻˵ˣº㸸ܵظʱģû
ңҵĲңˣһʧߣһĹҪ㣬ҸĽȻٻԼʲôʸ°ʲôʸ㸸𣿣
ƤЦ⣬һɨһϮ
ϮѪһ⣬Яŷң
˶סˡƤĻģʵˣʸûС
һ͸壬Ƥûжһ£ֻľȻؿһС
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ƤЦŷȣһƬǧʬƾճѪϡ
ͬһʬߣʬѸ٣ɱҲ󣬲Ҿ㱻˴ж˿飬ҲǾѵö
ʬԭȵͷѺͻȻ۷⣬Ѫڣצ궯
ȷĿ֮ǱɢγһΧȦңΧס
ʬ飬ڿɱǵĳ˵ʱ򣬱øӱ壬ȰƤצͳ
ңȫĹעνΧסģôǰģ˼ڸոյĻ
ʬΪΪڵȴеʱɵһһһֻһʬƵצ͵ػӳֱıڳۡ
ѪӿʬָϵѪҺķӦɲңֻ΢΢üûж
ʬЩıֻһצѪʱʪ͸ĺ
ʬСĵؿ̽ͷѪҺ
һ£ûӦһ£ûӦʬӴ󵨣ס˫˿ڡ
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ĻѽҲգǰЩܼĸУðһЩأڰ㰡ɱĺѽ
ƤЦţȴͻȻһӰǰ⧲һƣ¡
ԭңʧ֮ʩµҲʧЧˣŻɱǰɱֲ
ޣƤǹľһܣ
ƤǵѪƤЦ¹Ӻ񰡣ȷҪҴ𣿲ңҵĶˣ㼸ＸûȰ㻹ǺúôŰɣ˵һһĽʬأ
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·Ծ𣬳ɱƤӳȣһ顣
Ƴ󣬿еĻӣͻȻһơ
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ֻܸı䷽ȥȻӣǸתȾػĺϡ
ʱѪ׹ȥ

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³һֻѪܵشס׹ӣ»ͷһȴǲң
ʱȫ¶ѪҺȾ˸飬СС˺۲ȫüطƤ˺ÿҪϵ䡣
ߣƤµİ׹Ƕɼˡ
ڣѪۣﻹǸ߸ϵĲңˣ
ȡȽ
һʱʧֻ˵⼸֡
ң΢ЦŵͷӦ¸壬ȴͻȻǰסȥ·ֻ
׹ԽԽ죬ѪѾۼʬ۰Ͱ͵ţ͵ȥֶʳ֮
ûܾˣ±ؿ޳һػţ
ۿѸ棬ȴʬͷϷһ۾ĿͻȻͣˡ
ͬʱһ޴Ӱߡ
ֻһߴӱһ˻ж׳ʬȺɱһѪ·
·ͻȻɰӣһԾȵرס˻ӡ
ݿŻеĻӣͻȻһ¡
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лҪ˵㡷ꡣ
ɳƤ´壬ңΪо綾¾˿Ƿ
̬ȿʼת䡣
лġ


ɳ1

͵սڣ΢ɴһ˵糿
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ⲫţþòһ۷졣
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ļ𪣬ڹ̫ñȾˣЩѪ䣬ȴ˵ĸоҪȥ
ңһֳֻڴϣת£΢Ĵ΢΢΢Ц
޳ܶЩĵ㽫δ⴦Щʲôʵ
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ңüңЦøӵ⡣

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һǧңΨһ㲻ɷϣϲϣޱϣ
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ɳ2

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ɳ3

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ɳ4

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ɳ5

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ۿźɣԽԽԵ
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Сģ
˽ԱɳȥûأϵѶѻСɽֻţȥ
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׵ĶѨɭֲֳ𣬽ǰ
ԽԽĿҲԽԽȡʱϸǰʲôڿƶš
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ɳ6

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˿Ʈûи״ͷͻȻѹǱУֱϿС
֪µ˶٣ײһƬʵأŵ滬ȥȴֹһڡ
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ֻоӱ˳ܡʶ磬ֻͨһԼ˶ڡ
˻ԴǿһһʶۻܣԼλһ޴
ǰԶһƬҽγɵĺҽ޷ӿŻײʯϣʯյó졣
ҽĽǸһʯͷ泯ģ³һѪҺҽϻһ㰵ɫӲ
˸ϸһԭɫĹϣצʳѪҺ
Ķÿһӵĩ˾Ȼһʬ壬һƬͷĿС
۸ӵɽ޴ĵ¶Ī޳ڲӰԭǶɱڵˣ
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һⱬȥѿ϶Ѱ϶ɳֱڷȥ
ӷɽУڶϣϢƽ֮ת߽ڡ

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󣬴̹Ǻ˻ɪŻǰ
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ڵ֮汩¶ʯȻʺɫģ˸ͨ͸衣
ĲҺӿȪӿˮǣʺѪɫһѪϢ
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͸ϳͷۣ¶⣬۵ŭɱ⡣
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֣ѸԹм䡣ȴǷ׷ԾͬʱӳɱٴҲֲúô
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ȴԹ׺ݣûñ㱻ɳȥԹٴɱ
ͬʱѪӿ˹Χܲ͸硣·ˣֻϣͬʱٿذ׷Թ顣
һߣ׾ľҲºõĶȥ
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лҪ˵˷ˡ

ɳ7

խĶѨֲ棬Сĵǰ
֪ת˶ٸ˶Զǰڳ⡣ڣϣʱֵܳΣա
ȴǰĽײһƬ˷İǰˡ
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ʬڶ࣬ȴֻƾһ֮δ·磬ȴҲռϷ硣
ݳʬȺм䣬ɫߡʬȺδΧһӳ߷ų
ر͸Ƭȫ絶Ƭ
һž޿ڲĳһҧʬһֱӽƤ˺ܿΧܲ͸ʬȺ֮ɱһѪ·
ʬ岻֪ΪӦ΢ٻǺܿ췴Ӧֿ룬Χһߡ
צ裬飬һһ´͸ʹͣ˦Ҳмܲס㼴̱˺Ƭ
һƬûʬȺƬ֮ʬڿнһźɫٰѰݰΧ
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ݻܣΨһĳѱռݣ·ߡֻñУɳʯڣͼײѰҳ·
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һײɽͲһΣûãڲѷ죬ʱ̮
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ʴȴʹá
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Ӵ˷ʩҲڵʧصĵز޵

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лҪ˵콵ף

ɳ8

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СģҪǿˣ
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ȴµİͰ׾彣
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׾±ƽǰͻȻ֣ӺͰɢԶԸһˡ
ϵȻʱתǱϾ˵̫أÿƶһ϶ҵʹʣ޷֧ʹ彣ֻܱȭӭ
׾ȴѸݣ֮Թ幩֧ʹǿ࣬ÿһжǳ
һߣ䲻ݣҲķ࣬ȻΪ¸ڵ״Ҳֻǿƽ֡
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лҪ˵Űˡ

ɳ9

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ǵңҰǰšţݼһͻƽȥ
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㸧˸hٵĳ٣ЪŰɣˡ
hٵ˵ͷվǰͷţ͸ԣǣ֡
hٽУ㻹ͻȻವһһ֧ɼļϣһûվˤűߡ
㣡
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hٴҪʲôô޵س㻹˹ȥԽ
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س˸彣ͻȻУ˳ԴԴϴ뽣
ңhٸҪٽɱȥȴһ
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ռȻسӭһʱԵźˡ
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ں֮ȻֵһᣬһΧhٻǴӦս
Ϊǿ࣬ռƣĹûƵС
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hˣעȫ˹ȥ
س񣬳׼ʱ㿪Ĺתh١
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ǿбй֮ڵҳһţԻ
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һγԿԸоõϵ֮ǰǿ࣬ʹȫˡ
лҪ˵Ű㣡Ű㣡ˣ

ɳ10

سɢһ׹£ݽһڳǰ
ʱ裬ֱվȡ
գۼسѷǰڿлԲȻػһ׹Ž£ǰ
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ȳӭǽѸٴ͸ĸڡ
سѸٰνִȥѪʱ˿ڴӿܿȫʪѪҺ
ɢվȣֱ̱˵ϡ
㰡㣬һΪǿʲôزأȴԭһ˷λ֪⸱ӣҲû˼˰ɣҾͰ㣬һ̣
س־˽ȴǿ̱һˣһɫӰͻȻ˽˵С
hѸڵǰһ磬ͬʱַ˳ȥ˴һʱܿ
hٰѳ§ڻΪ˿ڵľʹʱ鴤ţʹ˫ʹѹ˿ڣѪҺǴָﲻð
hٵĵһʹ۾һ˲ͨ
ָųգÿһδʹѣˮûߣ޳ˡ
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سߵǰ¡
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سһֱִۣ˳ȥhǿûмУ߹ȥ
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hپش󺰣ֻоͷʹѡͷѪҺһɽһѪʹ㡣
ͻȻɬˣҲͻȻģһƬֻĶӯۿȥ
Ѫᡣ
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㡭ˡ
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л

ɳ11

hٵڵϣѲֻоͻȻʶɥһܲˡ
Ҫֻͣ໹ڲͣš
о򢱻ָһϷ˵h٣ѾˣôǲǺۣǲǺɱҰѾˣɱң
سӸūh٣ϵı˷ܵ¶䲻ѡ
ſޣħһڨЦţЦҲ̶˶ġ
hٶ˶촽ȴ˵ʲôֻʹԹ޷ţһ˿ʹ
ʡ衢Թȫһ˲ӿͷѾõĸͻȻȴûŽ⣬ģһŻѪ졣
h٣˭
ԼмӰһһ۾֮⡣
hͷֱ˳ȥ
ǸӰѪģߣѿˡϤϤϢ˲
Ȼ֪Ȼ׼ǵָȷǻʱĻͻȻһ˲˺ѳƬ
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ǿȫʹһһȥ׾þòߡ
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h٣Ҳн찡㲻Ǻŵôôȴһſڵϰh٣ˣʹɣŻû붴أһһˣǻǲԵ֣춼һ𰡣
Ҹʲô³ȡɱҸ׵ʱ򣬾Ӧ뵽ôһ죡ϧʱûɱңгر⸱ģԭã
سӸ£ؿ޼ɵЦš
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h٣İİɣҪҳȫǣȥɣô
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ָӲж볤һϵٴαڵקˡ
ңֻŬͷų㣬ǸӰԽԽԶֱʧű۾
֪˶ԶµƤѱĥˡ
ûᣬţֻܺһЩ
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ˣҾѪ壬һһߡҿˣʹˣҲˡˣұ¶ģһҪͬķʽл
ǲǾҺܿЦǷˣҲ! رֻƫҪɣƫҪң
سٴסĲͷ̧۾
hֻۿޱ飬ն
ô㲻ΪʲôҪź⣬ӦñֳӦҰӦúҰɱ˳㣬Ҫɱ㣬İ֮˲ڳ׵գΪʲôҪź⣬ΪʲôΪʲô
سţѪ˿ԽԽ࣬ͻȻ
ʤߣƿؾƣΪʲôȴͻȻһִܸУ
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سɿ֣һͻȻЦǱЩɬ
ҡͷЩЦؿūh٣Щӡ
֮󣬹سױһˣõСηҲԽԽݡ
ѾжٴҹεǸͻȻѹٶǽǣһ߷һ߾ذ׶׼ڰһֱֱ
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ݷګhߣڵȵһ죬ɱ޵شhٺͳ㣬ֵɱ˳㡣
Ϊ˱ʣhٻᷢ裬ƴȫɱ! ʹ޹֮ȴңûʶĿܣڲ
سϿֻƣۡ䵭Ψ⣡
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ͻȻһʹس˫ַԴǿбʶĲʡܸУ糱ˮûᣬ³һѪ
ôܲأɱϲ˰ôϲģ϶Ǻģһǵģ
سһЦhٰh٣ˣ֪ҵģֻΪ±ҿɣǼȻ˵Ļźȥɣ
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ɳ12

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˫Ѿκζˣӳأ˩ţѵز
hƤ΢΢˶ȴҲһ졭
سתʯڣͷؿʯϵ֡
Ůh٣ú
ÿһҼֲȥˣǽϿһ仰Լһûɱ㣬ôԾأǶʱһںڰΨһϣǺޣΨк㣬ҲɻţҲ֤ԼǸˣ
֪վˣÿʯڣҶĻ档׵ĲҽĳЦȫڶһӿֻҪܲסըƬ
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س˶͵Цһ漴ҡҡͷǾԼӺܿЦɡ
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س͵ػع·úҷ裬Ʈɢһֿµ֮С
ЦţմȾѪѪħ
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̧ۿūh٣Цݱӹ죬г˸ͻȻɳȥūhĿڵλʹȥ
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سһ£ƺϣ漴˲hָ࣬ϵĶһ̽ͻȻ˻۾ɴࡣ
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ŬҪЦǽӲֻɿЦ
ġġôԣһûĥ㣬ôôףһûԲԣƭңһƭң
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ˣҪĽΪʲôһʱ֮ȴԽˣ
سֻо죬˼Һҡǿ˵Լȴֲ֪Լڸһʲô顣
ǿģ˷ܣǡ
ڣ
سŬǣЦ˳۾ȴʪˮ黬
ûɱףûһǵǸꡭ


سɪǽǣƺһһ¡ѭķ̧ͷȥһֻ˹
һŮվǰ΢ЦšŹ⣬ϣ
ȷⲻΡ
سԥ֣뻹˻ȥȴѸץס
㡭㡭
سҲ΢Ц


涨Ǹ˲䣬Ǹ죬ǸһǸŮӡ
ĳ֣һ⣬ԺڰϣȴֽƽԨ׽ݻ١
سȥۣվ˵ϲǱϻعĮı飬ת߳ûлͷ

ѪϢأhٻСС˿ڻѪҺֻԽԽˡ
ڰĶＸκζǵϵѪҺȴͻȻʼ΢⣬ԽԽȼ
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h٣ɣ㻹ʹûɣ㻹û𰡣㻹кްسʲôƾʲôɱ㰡ϣ
жޣصĴ۰ɣ͸ñڽ£ԶҵģɣҽҪɱ˾ɱˣǱӦģ˭Ҳס㣡
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㡭㡭
оһƬڽ֣ŬҪƺڰ˺þãƤ˿һ졣
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лҪ˵ΪڶŰ𣿿϶ûаٺ١

ɳ13

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ܾĥʱһǺҪİɣ
վԼиվԼԡﲻˡ˰ɣ
˵ӿͷҪѹ塣˿ҲκηʽΪԼ
վһԣʣһע˰ڣ䲻Ƹԭ֧֣ܿЩת
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ֻڣһǸղŽĶڣһλڶǱԹΧ£ӡˡ
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һ̶ЦǸӰͣ˿У̧ͷһȴǰƤ
þòӽ㽫
ƤŰףüĿɨЦҡҡͷ
żղλôǱˣӽϴμʱػˣôֲСŪһأ㽫ϴڹһҲмղ˰ɣôٱֶ̣˼ѪأǲСѽ
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ˣٳᵵǰ
䱻ȣһϵ˿δȬޣսȻ֮ǰ
hٴʱĹԶʤǰ¹ʱȫһ¡
hٳռȻ֣㽥·硣
ֻҪh٣Ͳʹȫһãhٱʤ׷ĴֻԽԽѣӰܾ֡
Ƥڿпսص˵ͷһתַӣǰ
ʲô
ƤͷЦ˼Ǻ𣿷ģһûҪôԸء˵ˣҪЩʲôҲסңƽ찡
ýֻǵЦģӸµسЦ! 㲻ĸôƲôӮʧ˰Ѿûʤ㣬Ϊλϵͷ䰡󰡡
Ӳ͵ؿ죡ҪʹҪɱɱѿ֮죡
ŬάվƣָƤ
㻹ô꣬ҪģǸҴȿԼɣɱ²鰡֮£ǴһܣɱȺҴʤ߶ˡúðɡ
ƤżһԾУеҡӹս
ӿֻʬӶڴ˽ѹѹһƬ֪жپʬ
תǣܽ߬С
գҽ
лҪ˵л

ɳ14

ӿʬһ
Ųǲܵģǵһĳ棬ھˣⵣġ
ֻܹ¾ս֮սսӲ̡
ʬ忿ߣӳһ⣬ɣܿ˹
ɽˮΨкǱƴſһС
ͻȻ˳ȥѸٴʬﴩûзȽǴˡ
ʬٶƤɫ˿ڴɳ죬ͻȻȼ𣬱֮
ֱֱͨӻӣһУΧƶж·Χϡ
ӵϣԾȴԽʬȺͷһֻһקˤ˵ϡ
ҪһֻŲĺϣû
ıһʹоȵҺ˳·
󱳱צһӣ۵˫ֽ߬ᡣ
ôôѽ㲻Ǻôʬмܲסأ
ƤͷڵӣֻҪԶָͷ͵Ѫˣǳ᲻ܺÿ벻뿴еڴء
б±Ҿһֻѿ֮죡͵ӣţƤÿԴҪͷأ
Ƥ΢΢ü񲨶͸ɱ⡣
һ֣ڻӱϵֻ͵ؼӴȣֻо߹ǿҪѡ
㶼˵زţǸ˵̫أ̫޴أ·㲻ߣҪҲľ!
˵ϻвգ͵űҡɢɣ
ƤɫһɫѿЩЦһˣǱԲסˣ
ϵͻȻأо챻ѹһ̯֮࣬ھʹ𡣻ҧأѪҺȴ⡣
͡𡭡ô
ͷ㻹ӲŸտʼأĻں棬סˣ
ֲֻţӻ۵ò麹죬ɫɷףо߹Ѿѡ
ô۰ɣҰɣںɱҰɣıߣһȺʬ¶ǲԸİɣֻ㣬ɱˡ
ɱҺİ˭㱾ûУĻôأŲ𣬷˻ˮ
Ƥ£棬һذף
ȴذҪ̽Ӻ󱳵ʱһѳֹ
㲻֪ʱڰƤջسȥ
ԭƾδԭhٴս֮ѩϼ˪˿ѿѪֹ
Ƥܹץסʱػˡ
һʱѲ֣պûȴͻɱݡ
δһѳѴ̴ĸ
Ƥһƻؿڣӽдֱӻλá
١
սץŽ֣תͷūh١
ȴĿһ䣬ͻȻȥӶҲһ£òײվȽŸ
١
ûˣģֻһ߿ܣֻҲٿأɱ㣬Ҳٲһ¡㻹ȵԼɣɲˣ
Ƥһӣh˫۶ʱɫӱҹ°
𳤽ֶ׼ؿڡ
ȴ񣬵ȵ˸ǰ͵ؾѣȴΪʱֻۿųٴδؿڡ
ȴͻȻһ׹أ漴һɫӰ࣬ȴǰ׾
³ֽɱʬȺУɡٷӳ룬ڰȫĵطֻʬȺм䡣
½֧ɳʬһһӦսһ
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ʬȺϾڶ࣬⿿һ֮޼¡
ȻһʱһʬͻΧȥ󱳺ݺ˺ѳ˿ڡ
˲ң漴
æˣʬȺܿ½Χֻ½֮š
ʬʺƤѣ˳ƶռݽܡ
һǰһУԭǰƤİ
Ѹӭ䡣ԽԽܼĹƻңмֻ£
Ҳʱݻٽ˽һӵϣܰΧ
̫ľ룬˿ƤҪֱѿ֪޿ܻܾѶ
תͷӣӣһʹı飬Ҫ
һ΢Ц۽ˮӨӨ
ͷѾ˱ǧٿ׵׼
ȴһ󵶽ײͷԭǰֹ˽
ûвٿأԼѾ˥ߣôᡭ
ֵһ˲ľڵء
ȺٴͻƽܰΧж·
˹ͻȻȼһ˲㽫ȫû
һӵϣȫſ˺ҧ
ۡ¡
߻صŻ΢ǿŵľǿڳױ
ֺγˣֻһӣаڴ
۾֪
ȴͻȻ͸Ƥоͷһâ
¶ʱۣŹâ֮µĺɫӰ֪ǼǸжﾹַˮ⡣
ըѣǿֱӽĩ
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ңԣڻ
յýڵѺõƤ⣬ʵʺҺڴʹĶ΢
¡
ң
Ƥ˲˫۴ͣûӸղŵĿ־зӦ
ңȥһŴ괫ڡ
һ⽫ѪҺֹͣƤ⿪ʼϡ
ٴӴ˶סˡ
ֻ۾ӿᣬʶң
лҪ˵Եģ~
¡

ɳ15

ƤڿпһĻȤζЦ˼
ңˣ飬żղ㼱ô
ңͷҲû̧¡
ԣǲôղˣɲðҺô¶꣬Ȼ㣬ɱɣǼ˴кһԸġҪٲңҿصģ²£
ңûƤԭ㲻кιϸ
ƤЩˣüƲƲ죬Ʋôкôð˰ǱҲˣ
һȣбУѩΧ˲ң
ƲңҲ㲻ã㲻ôǾһȥ! 
ڿпսγһ޴ıͻȻǧ׹䣬ֱ˹ȥ
ңһ⣬ͷǣϾս
Ƥȴһ׹⣬Ȼڹ֮ϣ顣
ɱȥȴҪ̴ƤͷһһѾɡȫƻ˰ա
Ƥٿرлһǹɡ档
ңҵҪ㻹ǿŵʱ
ǹۣһף͵شɡ档
־޴ײ趯ɢ
һʱ
Ƥڹâ֮󣬳ذӭ¡
ذɡ棬һɡѿһ졣
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ƤЦŤͷʨȻ
ȴɡ·ɳһŹ±ߡ
ңסɡɡСƤûӦ罣ɡ´ֱܳš
ƤѸһƻɡϣɣذٴλΪ棬һӣƫ˹硣
㾹͵Ϯ
Ƥ亹ֱð˫Ųңûӷŵľл
ֻû٣˳ƶΪ͵Ϯ⻰Ǵ˵Ц! 
ңתɡһѪҺɡ룬ǹס
ٷѪͼǹ˲ը٣Ϊޡ
ңͰƤüңһ߰׾ͳҲͬhٶûȡ
¾ңˣ˿ڻϣҲָࡣӺͰݷһ½Է
¡㡭ôӿʯϣϢãǿ˵
ģҵ˲ˣţȥǡ
תh٣һϷ¡
׾ɱh˫лΣ֮ء
٣ְɣģ
Σͷȴתλǰƽڵء
hа𣬴ͷֻһ˫ɱڵ۾͸⣬ļ¡
ڵѾʶȫȻһɱ˿ܡ
ڰƤȵĲٿ£ĶѸޱȣ۸׽ҲƷˡ
ͷϷһʵĽۼڶԹͻȻ궯
ԭʬȺҲٴǿ
ڴԽԽʬӿֳڿеʬҲͻȻ׹أܽǰΧ
а𡣰ƤӶȣԹƮ⣬糤ʬȺԹм䡣
ͻȻǾѹ˫۳죬ñ塣
ѪҺʣڵϾۼһƬ캣
յľսŸոտʼ
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ңԭҲкµʱ򰡣ΪҴǰ֪ԭҲǸְ
ϧˣ˾ͰɰԧĻ£ҪˣҲģ
ɣ͵ȣϲ֮ˣҶҪң
ƤЦúֲǵһʶˣҵֶҲ֪ɣҿԳеıʣ˵Ҫɱ㣬Ͳһ˿ԥ
Ƥһȣ̱һ׹ң
䵽ͷѻһž޴
ֻüɡͷϡ
ңŬά֣ȳѷƷԭ㲻ƿصģû˷ʤĻᡣ
ңͨҲܷ죡עһʧߣעҪɣ
ƤͻȻڲңͷը⡣
޴ı˳ֱֱ߾
ֻоѪҺͻȻڣѪﱼӿҪƤӿ
ңأļźòվȣͻȻһѪ˳ȥ
תϢȴһüͷڵ붾ֿʼˡ
Ȼ궾㽫󲿷ֶų⣬붾ʼ޷ȫڳ־
ңеϢȴѹƲ£ŻѪ
һܷŹ㣬ҪҪҰ֪ң°ȻģµҪЮأ
㲻ǺܰɱʹİɣҪأҪأҪѽ
ƤЦϷңѾûȥ
תǱߣؿڣѪ͵һ飬Ŀⶼˡ
лҪ˵л

ɳ16

hٴսһֱ·磬ǽˡ
ͷhַ˽
£Сģңȥȴײһ
ˣҳȥңŭĿԲɡ
ģҾͷŹҰ
ң˫ͺ죬ƷѸһƻڹϣȴ˲䱻ɸɾ
ð׷ˣڵʵƲģ㻹ǹԹİɣȻhٿҪɱˣ
ңǴֻhٷɴӿкһơ
һݺݳм˹ȥ
Ҫ
ңĿѣǿд߻ȫ˲ͷųȥпһӡ
˫˺Сڱɳ죬˳ȴʱѪȥһ͡
ԭܲ˼ıǿΪ˼
붾ҲѸӣڴֻȫ类˿
ңǿס֮ʹȥ
ȴվǰƤֿһֹ˫hٵĹ¾ȳ£һ½
Ҫһɣ
¡
ң˫ֲͣڿУʹģڻûס顣
££ԶţҲΪ
ȫһ֮䣬ңˣҪҪҪİ
ңʣڷ㡭
ʲôҿû塣
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Ź£
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ƤӲңӸ߬¾ɫ
㿴Ҷ첻ڿ˵㣬ȫƨڿĿ˰ɣһ۲۵αӣ˵һһףʯĳһֻôܻᰮһˣ㱻ƭ!
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Ź㣡㣡ˣ
ң£ǰѶͷĵóѪ
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ŹôܣңҾҪŹҿû˵Ҫ˵
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ľ1

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ģͷβԭǸЦȨı֮£ʲô
ͻȻЦˣң뷴⡣
ӱһƣ׹ȥޱߵĺڰ˲佫ûһѪ֮ӿ̱ǡ
ЩܣȴʲôҲ
ڿƮãһرҺС棬֪һѪҺ
˵棬ԼĪ磬ڵϻţʵúܡ
ƶ¿ռİ̧ͷҲֻܿһߡʯš֮⣬ȫǺɫһƬ
¾ףĽŲ
ͻȻһˮصǰ
ֽ̧ӭȥȴǴĺڰԳ塣
ֱ濿壬ſǶԭһʬ塣ˮ֮ѪҺص
ʬڰգԭи͸ͷڿС
ʬһ˿ǣһͷһͷǶʯ¡
ԣԴΪʳʬʻʱϣϼ죬ˣ׹µȥΪʳ
ΧڰԳʬ塣ɢɢʬǣЩǳԵһʣµģЩȴߡ
ʬ岻ߣȴҪιԣ˵ʳòǣĻʣ£
Щɣԣ׹£Ծ͸ʳŶԡΪڵһȦȴûж
²ԣ
һԾ˸ķŴдռ䶼ˡ
һȴˡ
ֻԶʬѳɽһһߣ֮ߡ
ֲʳԭ
ֻ˭ɵģ
ԣӦǲ֪ġǣ˭ǱΣɱԶ˿
ڿҡɹûзŶԡ
һӿ˹
Ļ£˺󱳷񾭽
˭
ӻûüתͷȥһһ
ּˣ
лҪ˵л

ľ11

תͷȥѴսǰƽƽӡ
ɫߣһѪֻˡ
ʲô˱㻹ɱ𣿡
˵͵Цһҡҡͷ룿Ҫɱ㣬ͬһʰˣڣ
ʲô
İ
üԴ֣͸ŹŹ֣ΪأôҲˡ
ңҷ׷ǹʣȵʲô˵ɣ㵽ҪʲôϿֵֵĶ˵㿴ˣ
̲סЦȷʵˣ壬Ķ
ʲô
ڤ顢顣
һһ٣ȴûһĲ
˭ôʲôӲ۾
׾˱ʵضĪ⣬˵ڲң֮ϡһˣαؾأ
Ҫڤ飬һбҪСֱױܴĿģֺαغϷ
ڤ־Ϊңõó֮ȴǣŮһ¡
䡢٣һڤϹϵǸǻ
ӲͬΪڤ顣һекι
Ӻҡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôҲ֪ʲôڤ飬ûƢ
ЦӯӯŸң԰ꡣʱȻҪģڴ֮ǰǻǿƽ͵ؽ̸ġԸ⻹ܽѣ֪͸ˣ
ҲȱѣҲ뽻̸ʶľԼ뿪Ȼֲô
𣿽Ӯң
Ծ֪ˡ
ܴգɱǰȴǲţһֱס˽
ٷ罫ƻԭء
ʽȴƵУ֪Ƕ֣ûðȻٹ
߰ɣɽ£ǹͼһΰҵΣ
ɽΪ飬Ϊɽĵˣҷﲻ𣿡
ɽʲôõģһܡǷǵɾҪҪɱ㰡ģߣл·
ıƣֻӡҪ֮ʱǰǽҪˣ粻ϲŭ޳㻹Ҫ𣿡
жϣң
ھ㰡
۾ģӶˡ
ھ㰡ңܸԶһö࣬ҪʲôҶԸģֻҪ˵Ҷհ죡
ɾƾʲôҪΪԼģԼ·߰
ΪͷȴҪø³ֵð߰ɣǣɾ±ʱҪ𣬲練𣿡
Խ˵Խӵ֣Ҫɳȥ
һֱ˦
ſңˣһж㲼ľ֣
һ£ϱ΢΢Ӳ
˵ʲôɵأһΪãǲ֣
һֶΣüƲߣĻ¶һ㣡
ӱֱһЦ˵ʲôأĵİҰ
װҪŸģû´Ӵ˱֮ʱʼҾ֮!
㽫費Ҫҵӽ֮أҲпΪ˻ŷɽ磬ܴﵽĿģ
ֻҲ֪ⲽңкιϵǷҲеһ˵ˣһƣ֪Ҫ͵Ѫҷգ»
˼Ƭ̣˼ͷۣͻȻ˫ۿˡ
ƺЩ𾪡
ǰݣʵӰƤ޳ʱʼɷֿ֮
ңжΪ£жΪ˺Ůӡ˵h١㡢سеһԣƤҲ֮У
ӵ˫ۣЩš
ɱ˫h٣ɿܣǰȥһˡ
ң֮ڣһʼĿ£
֪жҪҶƴԴʱ𣬱Σ֮Уľˣ
ü΢壬һǵüë𣬿Żӣ¡
˵Щкݣտڰ׻˵˵ġ
һ֪ʲôʻĴˣ⣬ǳϡ
ɾǱЩʲôʵ͹˲ңѹҪҵҲôģ©֮һ
ұؽβСʱ´ʱҽɲŸ̽ƣɾۻﻹ˵
ˣΪܱһˣֲѲ°ɣ´˵ȸָȻ֪˭
ȴŽ˸Ҷⲻ·񣬴֮
̬ȲԣǴԴ֮䲻ɾطǣشٲıҡλֲ֮һ֮! 
ԭˣֻʱɣ
Цһٿʱɱ
˵ɽ磬뿪֮ʱԴǺܿУ׷ǹʣ̫ϿҾˣұʱӦ
ͷͷǵֻԴվסô
ֻҪ֤Ƥ㣬һоͶܽͣ㣬֤ǹ ! 
ӽ˼ȴԼһ
һ˲ͻȻѹˣܣˣֻ˰
Ӷ򣬡˶˵ԭгǧķͩӾǽƷߵɹҲ˹ͩǧȴԪ鸽ϣͩľϵģǷʲô
ŹÿÿЯ𣬷֮ղϢԭֻˣ㣬Ҳֻˣ׾ٽŪƣֶΣǹֻ˭! 
껨ӵĻЦ
۾ѱѪ˿ռݣɳ졣
ҲԽն߸Ĵϲŭ
Цţŷ঱ü
ĿŻӣµѹȸУҪɱ
ȴˣǹܣһᡣ
лҪ˵л

ľ12

Ȼˣֻ벻ףһĲ֣Ǽ£ΪֻҪҷɽѣΪڤô
ܹ˹ǣ͵һЦʵȻ㡪ҲҵĿģԷƱΪߣȴǲȱٵһҵõڤ飬֪ˡ
Ҫɱң
ģʱɱ㡣ǰ㿴ң˵㻰ҵļƻû֮ǰ㶼ᰲȻġ
ľֱ©һģ㻹мƻ
ִָ꣬ҵļƻһֱڽţҲصǣƹɻЩʱ䡣㹻ϻۣǲѶŶԣɱʧ
Ŀ£Ҳϧǿɱ̾ţĴ󽫾ƴΪ£ȴҲ֮Уȴ!
ЦǰƤѾĻذ㣬ϧɱ㡢˲ңȴ֪ͷԼҲֻһſʱӶѣ
ҡͷ⻰ԣ㣬˭˵ҪˣҲ˿ӦĳѨ°ɣ
Ҫɱ£
ͻȻ˴ʹϢü
ʬ壡ʬ岻ˣʵǱ͵ˣѾˣֻΪƿܣ㽫ʬȥɱ£ƻһ
̲סٻһɱ˹ȥ
ͷ£Բ¡һ佣һ˲䵴ƽɽ
ɣ
ն£һŽͻ䣬м䴩͸ȥ롣
ѪӦأڵϻΪŨѪ
ùô㾿ڸʲôҳ
Ӻ˦һȥڼ֮ײϸ֮
Ӱ¶Ѫɫ£ǻܡ
ôҵҵķ/нһɱ٣ʵۡ
ʲôʱܵģƤӵˣ治Сù˵Сô潻ֶô
͵Ц˵ﻰԸһ/㹻ˣԶأֻҰϧ㰡᲻ɱ㣬ȴҵ⣬ʧ
ȫƤһ˲ȫˣĪӦˣĴͳô
죬ҿǺˣҶҴȴͼı£Ȱ㻹ǸϽĹ磬ȥؼҴȥɣ
ȴͻȻЦЦʧ̬
ؼҴӣ֪δôĺӰҪһȥұ̹ع磬Ҳ̤ɽˣΣ
΢΢۷/
ȴûͨ죬켷һ֣
һЦѣϲ˵ǡĿıҪΣ㲻ϸߣֻöǿˣ֡
˵ǺɫӰѸƶǰ⧲֣ס
˦ȥ˼롣
ֻнɱˣģ
ܿɱȥ
ܻóϣͣ
治·𣿡
ϧ
СѾͷ֮ʵؽŵģһУΪ˾㰡Ҷðǹҵ¶ǵİľͲ̰أľͲأ
ŭѹ죡ֺңҸм㣿أҪ㹲ͼҵɱˣͼ£̰Ĳ㣬սԱУ
þʹһâȻŴһը
ڱ顣
ȴ룬ϱƵͬʱͻɣͬһը÷ˡ
ѪۿҪײʯڣȴһġӭס
ԭǻ˲ƣӿ˼ϡ
ץˣ
ܲſȴڽϣߣ߳ȡ
˵üѡ
λأΨһĳǵشǧš
ȥֻһƣűԶ򿪡
ӴĿյϣ
תһ֣һ⽫
زȥˣҵĽֻɾƣѳɶ֣ηǱӣⲻһˣ
ɫʱ
ܿϸɫʣأЦˡ
ĺݣɶΪǵδɽû˼ҵ°ɣҵĽҵ㡣
ƣҪһ·ƣҪΪ˻ŷɽ磡Ҳǿӣ㲽ΪӪͼڤ飬ʲô
ֵɱ㡢˲ңԶ˫ô£綼֮У㻹ʲôƻ㻹ֲ̫ˣ
ϵЦ۾һˮӿ䣬ĥ͸
ֻûԼĶûԭҵ£ɾʲôƾʲô£ҳ
Ƿһ͸ûˣ޷ҪøȤˣ
ܱȥҵҵ죬Ų̫Զġ
䣬Ӱ˲ʧڻУתһֻѪɫˣȶʧʡ
վԭأʲôͻȻͷһ顣
£
лҪ˵л

ľ13

һƬڣڵÿָ
Ǳĵ棬Ӳʯɢõǡ
ܱ߾ó棬ֻԶδδˮ
һʯ
ΨһĹбϷһȱڴ¹⡣
棬⽫Χſ壬֮ǸΨһĳǰɽ
Ĵ˿ͻȻһʯ·һɪӣꡣ
˹ȥ۾Ŀ׼
硭
˵ˡ
½пʯϡ
ѪҺճ
ɫ׵ֽûаǰ˿аƴСǹ᪴͸µѪڡ
С۰ɣס㡣
ûֹۿʣעԼڡ
硭𡭡
µֱƿˣԺתֹˡ
Ϊҡ˷ˡ
»Ҫȴץסֻ÷
أ
ң
¾ѣŻҵΣɶ֮ȴӰ
δ𡭡δ𡭡
ұˮһελ·ĳУѭһۣȴȻסˡ
ǳӾǺɫġ
ң
˳ȥ嵽ӱϡ֮ŵôˡ
ǾˮУѪҺӶȾɫ沿ϸˮ棬˿ڵƤѾݵ÷˰ס
³ˮУȥʯϡ
ңѰѰ£Ұ
ҡӣɲʼһ
ƤɫѾ࣬Ƿź졣Ȼ붾ڻδʱȬ
ԭѾƤ˺ۣ⼸ִ״̬պķ֮֮ǰѾˡ
ƫƫǽ̴ظѩϼ˪
ң
¼Ҫ޳ˡ
ִӣȴֱúܡ
ȥĴ꣬ǻݡ
ϣҺŶԷǻζ
ʲôҲȥ룬Ŭ˵Լֻǵؾ˶ѡ
ң§У彫ȣ۾
Ӵ󣬲⼤ĵǹɺŬڿƣŽӲơ
ʱԽã֡ĸоԽ䣬ʼЩ궯ԽԽĻҡ
ңϢȻ΢ıͷϡ
΢΢ɢ˿ȴ˵/|ҩ¾ζѬ±ô
ʼ䶯࣬ȥͷ
ᶥ˶㣬ֹʹͷ·̧
ԽԽܼԽԽ󵨣ԼѾʼܿˡ
ʲôҲȥ룬Ҳʲô벻ˡֻظŶܵײ
֪˶á
ֱͷ΢΢һ¡
²ѹ˲䣬ȴڶ
ɢ״̬ȴ̶Ļȥĵǿܸ߳еȼ
̷ſ촽ͬҲȥת˸
ȴյụ̀
߳תͷһۣҺʶȤؽͷŤ˹ȥԻ˿
ɽƬ׹˸һӰ˹
ɲһ𣬹һңĻûûأ¹ӣ֮Σɡ̫ˣû뵽㾹Ҳжĵʱ򣬻ǶŲң
ϤϤΣǰƤ˭
Ϊʲôÿֳ棬ᱻײϣ
ֻûеط죬ȥˡûұ죡ɱĹ
ˣ㻹ôǵýɱɾˣô
ңվߵǰק£˺ͷ
ƤͻȻЦˣң˻¹أһˣÿ찡ҵĴˣżղ˲ϲҲҷǣմմϲ
մϲ˵һ֣ұ֤ɱ! 
´Ӳңֱ˻ȥ
ҲҪң
µŲңʱ߳ĶԺһ¶⡣
úô󡣡
ңͷֶ꣬ϰƤ񣬡ʲôһôҪϾɱˣԵ𱰱޳ĸ֣
ҵĲң˰ɾû˼ˡô¶꣬˵磬ܻЩڵġڵӣĻаҷ£Ͳˣ˿š
ңһĸְ! ƽһսȣЩ׵ɱ¡һֽȽѪҺҼʱžһ
޳һֺۣжЩµˣﲻЩΪҶʱ򶼵һһҪ
Ƥ߽ҡȣЦġ
˵Щιֵأȳ֣ԼƲλûֻǡɽѣ׻㰡Ķˣôﵽͷˣ
޳һս¹Ӻ̫ǿǸūhǶжһ˵ĺèֲˡ
˵Χһ£Ƿǵ̽أܱ׷ɱܵȥҿûִٳЩѰ·Ҫҵľ֣ɱֵֹ˭أ
ǿʶ
ң̲סʹˣֻҪµһУսҲضף
ƾճ֣˸һ뾶ֱɱȥ
塣
лҪ˵: ĵˣվcpģ
л

ľ14

⼤ȥգ۾ڰƤǰըѿ
Ƥȵǰ
˺ĺݰ
ңҲδ˫һӼӴȡ
ƤȴһЦǰһһɢ
ֻһʯײ֮˵ء
ңֻóɡսɡ棬ֳ
԰꣬Ķֿɲң˭
ɽĿռһŲͬʱ̶Ħ
Ƕƺףһһ𣬲ġ
ֱ߳ɽſ˾ǳ㣡
˫ͨɱ
ĦԭϲƵ
ϼǱ¡˿ûѪҺȴƤⷭ˵úܡ
УߵƤͣ
һ߿ܡ
˿ɻϵ˭ǳ㰡ǰǻսͼɱأȴΪӪˡҵȲҪڵʵܿסʱ
ˣҵĴˣҵĲңˣҵ¹ӰǿɵСŵ! ҿɲϣһμ档
ɱ𹼸ҵһҪѽϷŸոտʼأҿɲϣͣ
ƤЦ
תų㣬ȼһ򢣬һעڡ㵱˫ۣŭ
˿ɵñأ
Ƥɽȥʧ˺ڰ
£ҸطСңң
㡭
İɣڣұضġҵĶ裬ηˡ
ң΢Цţᡣ
ѵûжЦȴҲ˺þãסˡ
Ȼعңڿߵýͷת˹ȥ֧㡭Сġǡ
½СұѪҺ۲ѡ
ССɪţԽԽ䡣
˸䣬£ģ̽ͷŲң
ԹƣѪȼգһء
ɱ磬ӱȼ˻棬׽
ңչ᪣˲ƳȥĶĿֱֱȥ
ȴǷӦ죬һ˦㽫
ٷԾ𣬺ɨһȣӲң
ңʱſ
ȴϴʱٶ˦ңһҲδ룬ֽץ¡
ͬһʱһ˦˹
ңˣӦһ֣Ѵسȥ
ʱһԴըѵʹӿѪҺ˳ȥ
ѪԽ
קң
ſڣͻȻҧȥ
ȴҺòңӦʱֱ۵ں֮ǰûһҧĲ
ϸ۵ƤϴȥѪҺ̱ӿСͻȻ˫Բɡ
ѪɱŰļ¿Уڳ׽ԹޡŭȼΪ޾ɱ¾
ٲ˼֡
ңǯƣһݽֱ۳˻
ȴƤһ룬ٶһ룬Ϊʳ
˲䣬һСȣڵϥȥ
ңô˻̧ϥǣ͵ؿһܴɿơ
˲ƣԶһ֮⡣
ܿ컺˹˲Ѫһŭ
Ѿ˵ˣֻҰһĿѣֲ
̧űֳ
ң᪷/ٽгΣһϣǰ
ǰ֧ȥ¡
һ٣˦롣
ֻһ߿ԹʹĿܣѲ֪ʲôʹοȾ֡
ʹҲֻӰĶ
Խŭǣʩó/
/ֹȷͻϮȥңһʱʧǵȭͷУɳ֮⡣
ң
´ţ֪кǳۣǳıܡ
ңʹ࣬ͷѪҺȥ
ϣȥϣ
ԣֻҪԼվǷǣҲϣա
ңŬתͷ£΢Ц
ȴʱһŻͷ
»棬ңΧ
ȼһ֮ߣӰûС
ң
лҪ˵л
ֽС

ľ15

ȼգұڱյùѡ
ΧȦСԽ෽֮ءƤ̡
ңȴһѪҺӿϺͷһûȥ˳
Ҳκ˺ˡ
Ѫܣδ붾ԭܴ
ʯǼգ붾ʢʱ򣬿ռ尾
ȫڣȴ˺ۣ֮ʱ
ƫƫ塣
ӽˮУƤⶼˣֽƼһأµǿת
ʲôҲˣǵֻǽȼü֮
Բңʲôͬ㲫޷ǿӲйҰòϰˣ
ڵϣվԶűյĲң
ʱս֣ȫռϷ磬Ѵ֮ɽĩ
ȴǲսŻΧȦʤ̬ʤ
ͬΪĴ󽫾֮һԭʵ޼
ǰ屻ȴ̴ֱhһʹѾ˼
ǹʽ˺۵ʬɿܣʵԶǰ
ߣʶȫԹ֮ƣӦòѶԸŶԡ
ƤʱעֻǡڵԹ޼
ңһţֶһķŭŴﵽ˶㡣
ǹ׾ٱ˽󣬽ˡ
ŭޣǿ֮ʱѾмܹˣңҲ˸ס
ƽ֮˥һʬը١
ȴվ԰쵽ˡ
ԽԽҪӵϡ
类˿ɣȴֱʪ
ңǿվһȴóΪҪһ˹
еٶ˦תţԲλߡ
ֲƽϵԲεתűɱ
ңķתһɡС
ɡ򿪣תһɡơ
һδλɡϣصֽԿȻռ˱ˡ
ңĺ˸ɡɡ棬һѪҺƾɡ
ѪҺɡת罦ȥһƬɢ꣬ڿлΪͷɱ˹ȥ
һֻֻͷ͸壬һһǿٸ
ĹҲܴӰ
ңѰûᣬɡһѪҺڿϸѪ˿
ͷϸ˿ַɱȥһ߹һߵǷ
Ѫ˿崮
Ѫ˿Ƥ䴩̣ٸ
Ǿ˲䱻˷䳲̬
ȭͷСĿն鲼ȫĴҲѪ⡢/ڵϻһ㡣
ǸˣЩ飬ƫƫǾ߿ܣ
Ѫ˿Ӹǣÿһ缡⣬νӲٶ
ҲղҲվȣˤ˵ϡ
Ѫ˿֯룬ȫֻȴվ첻ˡ
ң˻ڿܶ㲻شֻҪԹǲ֮
㽫г࣬Ҳ
ĲȴҲжǰǰѸ١
Ҫɱˣǵһ
Ѫ˿Ʋãٴɱɲңȴȫûм֮
ͻȻӿ׹䣬źɡδȥѪҺһͬȥ
ȴתͷµûˡ
վŶѾﻹóɡĻܲٿؼͷѪ˿
޷Ҫ!
ǿвϸȫǵ˳ȥ
֮壬ÿӯѨڣÿһĸ
ΪѨڵĴڣÿ֮佨ϵ޳ɾ޳
ԶϹѨΣʱΪ֮ãǿвǣǶҡ֮˼֮
ʹ屬ʲôֱأ
ϹǷǲʱա
ΪǼߣֻع飬޲ơ
ڴ֮ǰȫ޷ߣ̱졣
պϹҲܸԭԭǰ㡣ɣȻָĸ֣ʼһ
һٶˣֻ۶һͷȫᾡϣٲɸԭ
Զ̱
ǰ飬Ǹѡ⡣ɴǰڣᶨѡ˰顣
ֻ»ףİжжá
ˡ
ѪҺźһһӿȴʵûˡ
³޵ĺɫһ򣬺ôʹ
ֻֽϰͷԼϡ
ۿˮˣ
Ѿɵʲô˵ˡ
ֻḧͷ
ֻǿ۾
ֻЩۡ
ֻǿˡ
кҡ
ң
ˮϡ
ת鿴۾Ҳˡ
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ȴ֪ʼʲôǰʱȴǿɬģȴģȴ۵ģȴǺڵģ˳
ң
ڻ§סӣͷһ㡣
ʲôҲ˵
Ѫ˿šȱԽŭٴλ¡
ͻȻһ֮ϵĺʢųſ˫ۣѡ
Ƭ̣Ѫ˿Ӧϡ
վŻ棬һһ٣˹
ڨЦħ
ֱһ˦ųɵĻͱ˦ȥըǰ
Ѹ٣ܿӡ
̣ȴΪ
лҪ˵л
ңҪ̱¡ǽѣҲǸµ

ľ16

޼ɵΧѸٽû
Ũ̡ˣֻʣɫĻͽڵ
ۡ¡
еڿ˵ˣᣬû¶Уͱȼյѹȥ
ת鿴£ˮģעһˡ
¸ͷһʲôҲ˵رۡ
ȴͻȻһ֮ͷ£Ƿ罫ӰϨϵĻ档

ߴỤ̃ͿǸɫͷϷƮ磬̽ȫȥ

ЩԿأɬٴβӿ
˺ˣûˣأ
µԴ˵˲佫Ŀ־ɢ
еĲңֿ˿㣬Ĳ״һ
ܿƽ˸ס
˵棬᳤㡣
ܣʡĿӳ㣬ʵ
ܲʹˣңĹȴҲնٶȼ١
һӽҡҡλΣŲȡ
䱩壬ɱȻȫ󶼱ϣӽǣж
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ӳ²ȣзһСѸǰţ޴󻨶䡣
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ؼʱ̣еϳƬһ֣ƬΡ
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Ӽ̻⣬óﴵһ¡
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ֻɱˣɱ練ơ
ȴڽҪͷһ٣ԭǻͻȻŻѪֹ˴ࡣ
ǰУܽսʱͽĻϷɣЩˡ
ͬ㽻ս֧Ųס
򵥵Ϣ֮ٴδ࣬촽ȴɱ˹
ֻӭ
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Чޣʱٴαŭ
ԳбѸ٣ƵС
ͼһͻϮϻؿڡ
ٳƹҪֱȡţڳҽֱжһء
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ʹʧȥֽţֻڵϷҪվ
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ͼ½󣬽֧ȥ
£ͷҲ˹
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Ψвϴ࣬ɱֱмҲ۲
սܣȫ룬̻óһţػȥ
ֻһ˲ϣըƬ
أѪ

³˹صס
ȴ˵˹ȥ
лҪ˵л
ٲΪ͵ϣǺ޸ɾǧ֣˶
:  :  :

ľ17

ůɹ
ң΢΢ȴǻַ˻ȥ
붴һսѹգң±ع޵Ĵϡ
ǽ㲻ҪˤڵˤˣҶˡ
Щͷؽңֱͷȥ
ſڡ
½ҩ˽ȥ
ڹô
ңת۾£ֱ÷ᣬҲ´Ļ
Ǹġ
ɫЩѿ˵ĻҲ˸ҩˣСҪûˣҲŲ! 
ңѧӣŴ۾ģί
㻹ңǲϲΪ˾ҶˣĺӲ㶼ݵô
ԣ㣬ǰǣǣԺҲᡣ㱾һֻϲĹҸҪת̬ȣ
ɽ˭͵ţ
Ŀһ͡ʹһǧһԼǧǰѿȴܿƵغ۾Ҳƿߡ
㡭Ϲ˵ʲôأСûе£Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ҿİιѪʱҼǵҲõŶȻʶңɲûʧ䣬۾ģܵģҿɶǵҪˣΣ
ңԽԽ£ͷ̲ס˵Щ
ȴǸģûվͺ͸ˣӵ
һңӰβסˡиǻֱײҪ˳
ңֽڴϣ뿴ɬѿģ
һûһ˵˻衱
ˣңָȥ
κ̱ڴϣָĹûϣֻܿż
㡭㡭˵ûУ
ңüĿһ飬ͣС
Ŀƺѽ͸||ؽչǰ޵ݡ
죡Ҫң㣡
ϲҵĶ԰ɣܸоõ㻽ֵʱǵĵ㿴ҵʱǹĵ㱧ҡ§ҵʱ궯
Щ˵ϲңңѪôģΪʲôҪң˵ģҵģжݣҵθɣ
ңĻߺըαװж
Ļţδң
ҡֻǲǷ飡
ֻôÿǷΪҶĺʵ֪԰ɣһȥ㣬㶼԰ɣֲʯͷģôܲأ
ʵϲˣֻӲϳϰˣȻ㲻ƴģѪôģסңҪˣɳϰңô𣿡
ңзˮֿͷһٲֱ۾
ǣЩҶ֪ҵĺҶҲҪƾʲôôðҺʲôϵ𣿷׷ǹʣαػȥҲҪ
ǷرǿǷģΪԼȴ跢ʱҾ;ζҪ㡣
ΪжΪֻҲǷر㣡Ҳ㣬Ҳϲ㡭
ңסˣþòܻ
ΪһУǿʯͷҲˡ
ȴû뵽ָȴǿӵģĸۡ
ĺãܣִУϲ
ԭνĹᣬֻˣԼİѡ
ԭǴǰ
ˮԽԽ࣬ң΢΢תˮ㻬
㻹ҡһһǧһΣſܶôſܶһĺøôǷҵģȴҪ
ʲôʱǷˣΪ˾ҼˣҲ˰ѪǺöģҲ˰
˺֮֮Ƿһǻ㡢㣬Ҫ֣Ҳ飡־룬Ļ֮
ңǣЦһʧ䡣
㲻ǵˣҲ㣬ţϲ㣬ĲΪǷ㻹ҲŶõġԲϲңԷң
ңᶨһ㶡һɣЩʧ
ʵˣƢٳӲεʾãΪ۵ĶĲôһ㶼ҡ
ԭҲһʯĳ˰
Ƕ˵ϲϲ
ֻǲᣬֻǲͱˣºЩѡ
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ֻɣǲңʱȷʵһ
֪ǲң֪ӣԼȴҪͬǵøǵø
ʲô
ϲҲᣬʲôĸо
̲סԽԽƮȴҲԽԽץģҪ֪
ңеˮɺԣתʧ˼
ô֪ǲϹأ
ֻΪ˼ʱж˶ѡ
˵
ʱϲһˣǵãҪУλҲֻΪġ
ֻҪ֪ϲ͹ˡ
£ϻΪƴˣûһˣҸϣӹɣ
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ͽȥܲˡ
ܲ˿ɻУԺӻأܲˣԺô찡
ѵ÷˸ۡ
죬ٳɱ㣡
ɱã
죡
ˣɰ
²㽫קڵϡ
˵ɱ㣡
ɱҾͲɰˡ

С¡໣ң
ٽпɲֹһȭˣ
С¡ִң
죡
С

һû˵أ
˵ˡ

Ҳ֪ңպ˼飬µɲС
ңµĹƱݡһľڳϣңһ·һ·
ǰĿյϣӺСؾڴ˴ɹ̫ˡ
һ⣬ľϡ
⣬ɱڴ͸Ĺߴ۵öࡣ
ңףƽ¡̧۱ͻ˸к
ӴҲɹ̫ˣҷŻС˵Ļأϧˡ
ҷҲ˵Ļأɲ֪жѽ
ü£в𣿡
æ֣ûûУ˵ġ
ûҵˣɲ˵ҵĻ
ңۣʲôʱˣ˯˯ˣҵˣ
ɫһһףֻЩͷۡ
һԵСңһҲΪͷۣľλ޵
ڻ࿪𡭡
ڳˣ㶼ʲôʵҡվˣĲ㣡
øɵ¡øɵ¶ˣЩ벻£ɴ̼
Ҫɱ㣡ǿҵ˰㾹Ȼ
ŭͷЩľϷȥ
Ȼú
죡
¶ϲˣôأÿĵѽ
˵⻰Դժˣ
˼
ôҲ뵽֮꣬ȻлͲңһ졭
˼ȫҶ˼
ңȴͻȻ۹һͣ鶼Ӳˡ
ңмˡ
лҪ˵ꡣ
¾̽ң档
ңҲǸСͷ~

ܽ1

ҹɫһɢīֻϵºͼӷ⡣
¹֮£ֻüһɫ˿ߣ֮ǣһͷڰգȴҡ
˿߽ӣƽض𣬻ݶϣԳͷŲβ
ǳؾǱ˿֯룬
˿죬渽һ㶫ɱѪҺ
ټǳأ֯ɡѪ롱
ҹһâ˸⣬ŷ˿϶ԭǲС
鸡кܽʸ˿ýʵ
΢˸˿ߺĿʼζ
űһѪҺ˿߻˳ŵ˿Сȥ
Ѫ
ްҵƻټǳأƺѾΪǡ
ܽΪľ֮һǡܽǡǷޱȡ䲻ȴʤΪڶǡ
֮أַҹҲޱȵģƻʱɢ
ȴٲȻް֮ࡣ
ڽֵţСĴ˿Ŀȫ˿ڵ
˿ϸëָᴥȴЩ֣ԭǷˡ
ĨָͷϵѪҺδᣬǻѪ
̧ͷƶˣǡ
окζߣѪ˿ܸ鸡УضŶѪҺģضǸ
ϴζһսѹգȬ
ʱѹɺ飬֮ʵ飬Ӳһ
˽أʹش֮赣
ǡôʱܽɰ˵ܽȫǱҲ֪١
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У㱻ѪζǺòᡣ
ǳûаϢ֮˷
פ㣬ԶϮһŹâٶƲ֮Сҹһ֮¡
ʱƶˣȴһӰֽնЩ˿ߡ
ƲϷԭһ߾߱˿ߴ͸塣
ǻûֽ
һ˿߶Ӧһ壬Ŀǧߣ˵ڵסġ
Ϥƶˣѹһ
˿һϣȥ
ȴ޾ȡ˿߶ѵͬʱǿҲ֮ɢȥΪʬһߡ
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󷨶񶾣ƫƫ˿Ϊһ
ҪǷ£ն˿ߣҲضɥ
ƫҪʮ
ȴ֮ͣ
ǺˣЩģ
ӿˣСһ㡣ģ׿Ȼľ֮С
ֽ󣬱㲻ߡ
˭кι
ӴһҹˣǾϲ⣬֪ԭίӣҲʲôˣȻˣ㲻ˣ
ֱֳָӡ
ȻңҪһսҲܶӡСѣҵİɣ
СѣȫҶСѣ˵һ䣬ͷأ
ɱȴСգ۷ǰһ
Ҳиʱٳܣӭȥ
ңҲ׳ȴĸߡ
СѣΪǲ㰮ţҪҪıһְٰ
һèĹҲı£֮󣬻û㲻ʶôģ
˵ִһӺǰ
ľһ˲
Сѣİ
ҹˣҲʲô! ֮ܽ䣬㲻ʼٸߣҲһǸף
˹ֻӭ
ʮغϣȴѷʤ
ؼʱ̣·һɫ˿ߣм䴩˹ȥ
ͣ£˵ͷ¿ȥȴһɫľ޴ӰϷ
!
ƺ֮ǰ࣬潫ܱ
ֱֱŶˣյͨ죬˷
˻Ӽ룬ͻȻ˲ͷ
˱ܣֻ½磬Žͣ
У΢ٳŲ˶á
֮ͣ⣬ĿźϷ
ʲôæ˿ǣȻĽִɱң㻹Ҳ֮˰
üˣҪɱҲ޹ء˵Ⱦ;ȣҵĶѽϴٺңһܰһأô
˵ͻƣۿȿҪ硣
ûа취ˡ
㣡㡭
лҪ˵л
ң

ܽ2

һɽ˹ڻͷȲ
磬գ۹Ѿȶһ
ȴֻףƾնʼպδˡ
˾ټŭۻ˸һŻӣŽ罫Χס
˽ϮֱƤҪѡ
Ѹ½ڵʵĪ˵ͻΧά״ҲѰ쵽
һڽϣ缴ʧ
Σ֮ʱһӰ˽ӳ˳ȥ
˸ա
Ż˲Ƶ֮⣬ûվȣһ˿߱˹
˺նϣм˿ֻ÷ֿԶԸһ롣
Ǹʲôô֩룬ǰδǺ·
СѣϹƳģ˵ˣټҲδɱⶫѲúܣؾ綾ǧܽҧˣ
ɱô죿
һӿ
ҲǸûõģ
һ˲ڣȻԸǵ֮ʱС
˿ߵĹԽԽܼԴԴ
ƣǺľҲֲô
׷ᣬʱҲܡ
ֽ֮ƣΨһӵϣ˻ĽѰ϶
һӵϣȴ沼ɻϣʹն˲˷ֺ
ͻϣȴǸֵ⡣
ȼտ¶ȣҪͻϣҪȼ档
ˮΪɱǽһž޴ݽ
ɢһѹƻ
ֻҪлˮȡ֮ƻпܡ
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˱½ٵ䣬ͻϮ
һƵ͸˼Щµȥ
˲սûأ֮زز
ȴûܳԶӭֻС
޻ڴ˴˽ӽһɱ
ǰ˫·׷ǵ·ѱжϡ
ֻƬ̱׷Ǳ⼫̵ʱڻܶпߡ
ѣּˣϴǲɱҰ춼ҪҪ
ٷϻ
Դȥ
ʵҪڷȡʤ졣
ۿѷ⼸֮ǰлͻΧ
˳ưȥסȥ·
űһս
ֻǳݣȴţƺôɱǡ
Ҳһǰı꣬סȥ·ֻƺ顣
ǵĶҪľǵɱ
ɲ´ɱĻںǵС֣ΪΣ
򶷳һԾУٻɻ׹£ҽ˵
ξ޴󣬼֮׹ҳɰˡ
ٴηϰգ˿ߣȴǡ
ֻǲסֽţק˿ӵס
лҪ˵ɾǧ֣дʱϻ̫ࡣ½׸ĶɾģĶɡ

ܽ3

СѾͷӣɾҲˣĸôƲôҵٻ
ؿӣֹ
޻Ц࣬úݵѽСѾͷᣬǸȤģӽӵףһе᲻ء
޻ĶͷᣬֻҪ㣬͵ϳңû˻Ķ㣬ĴֻΪԼֻѲ̫ƽֻɶң֪𣿡
޻˵ͷĿЩ㡣ͷſӵˤڵϵˣһЦ
СѾͷһȻֻͽۣҲ˲ǰ֡
Ӵӵվһקʵ׹ٶ̫죬ҵۡ
ߵúôȴʱƤ쵽һȥˣ
ʵæǰë˵Ƥȴԭһ·ˣ
ӽŵǷʲôֻСһûҲҸһɱȥǴж˿飡
⻰˵ĺƵ! ɱɱһˣ
˷ԾϣԷһֻҪӵףͬǴսһ
ȴûӸշɳƽߣͷһѹǱȥ
ԭǸ硣ȴ֪Ǻʱµģ⽫ˡ
ʲôλģ˵ǻܴ󷢴ȱأ
λ԰꣬ΪͽôԸǣĹҶãҲǲȱٵӰ
ӣҵҪʲôͣסһʱסһһ˿ᣬǱصùͷأ
ٴԾշȥǹһ
ȴտǰһѹܱȵС
ǶЦǰҪЦᡣ
޻СѾͷˤ˰ɣǽ㲻ҪôʵѽѾͷ㻹ǹԹһЩģҪŶ
ʱˣٶˣĪҪ˹򡣡
Ŷҹҡ
ḧͷѵ͸ɫü۴Ц룬תͷſӵ׶ˡ
ʱѵͲˡĪĺݣҪ־͹Ǻ̫ǿ֣óΪеһˡ
Ҳ£һʱҪǵҲʯĳѽǶһ̻Ըġ
ҿ֣Ǿ֪ѽǹһȽϺãܿҪ۵ġСѾͷСѣ±ӿҪѧһŶ
΢һЦ
˫ֶž޿ӷһ飬ͻȻһɫĹ㡣
ʲô÷ң򡭡
ӻû˵꣬ǹ㻯һֱֱӵס
ӵı˲ܲһȥ
ӦŽ²ŵĵһȥ
·ƺǸնĿռ䣬һ·׹κ
߳ʯײ׹һС
ԭץסڣʧؽк
ӲԾסһЩ
ڶĿռ䣬Ҳ֪׹˶ã׹ֱײһƬʵأǲͣ
ʯ黹׹䣬ӽϣʯ鶼⡣
ץŻӵڣûӾл˫ֲ
ӻִץڵ£ʹ˵˾䡰¡
ҡºڡ
ЩקڣȷԼȫ
ȴʱһҺӿӽűӵ˽
Сж
ӣһЩ
㻹ºأһΪ첻µزءҽʱûа飬ȴҪץҵˣͲ󣬿СҲӲңȻ˿ͷ
ӹ˲ϱ⡣ĻŲȴû취˭أ
űߵҺϷӿܿû˰ֻСȡӳ˽磬ȼһŻ⡣
ǰڰһЩɸտǰľȴֵһ
űӿĲˮͨʺ죬ȫѪҺ
ʯᾣͷտԭǸ޴ѪҺһͷӿûȫ档
һδδˮ̧ͷϸŷǶʯѪҺ·ѪС
ͻȻ׹ѪҺڿеЩ
˿ǵӣѪҺ˿һ·˵¡
ΪѪӣ˿ǣܽǲŻǰ״
˵Ӧòǵ˿ǶӣƽӵףӦöǵһƻйء
ƻжʲôãȷǣѪӲƽ޹ʳ֣Ȼô
Դ𰸾ⶴѪУ
ѪҺӿܿûϥǵλáѪҺӣǱȻᱻû
ҪɵգȴͻȻűߵѪһС
һǽ֡
Ǹշɳһһ㹴סӽ󣬽קס
˳ȥһȴǶԭһɫߡ
ѪҺɵ֮
βĽԴѪУͷ
һ˹ȥȴڻͬʱһðͷ
һβ⧲קѪС
ѪУԭ
ֻҪѪҺĵطɳߣԭҪڴ˵ء
ӱקѪУȺΧһ
Թ˲ϾҲ
ûãǾͱѪקѪУûȥ
๾࡭
лҪ˵л
һ: Ѫ

ܽ4

£СۣС£ۣ£ۣ£СۣС¡
죡
䣬Ǵƴ˽޿̣
øұ죡Ȼ͵ιҰްɣû˾ȵ㣡
Сˣ
㻹У
ǰͷͻȻŲңĿҪ顣
бٽһ䣿ȶϸ첲ģţͲɱ㣬ĽҰιҰô
ƫҪšǾϣߣҪǻңɱĺݣҿɲˣ
ľϵƫͷ£΢ЦЦж˷ί
Ϣգңڵ󲿷ֻع飬Ҫͼ֮
֮µѾȬ⼸Ҳһûţڽֱͬ۵Ĺϣܿ˫ƶľָ
ӴǰܽȻӲ
ԭųòңע͵ȴû뱻ץš
ңҪҲߣΣֻôӦ
Ƕ˴ӹǰͷң˫תľָںͷ
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ǾŹȣ׾һ»ûµҲֻľص˵ͷ
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ѪӵٶҲԽԽ죬Ѫ˴Ӻͷ֮ߡ
ңܽǲ´ΪƤҲҲһˣ
ֱ䣬Ƿɰ! Ҳգ㱾зģҲȻ֪ҪΪףҲڡ
ѾΪУұҲտʼʽΪУ˿ҪΪ֮
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ңԱϣѪҲӿ˹ɸߵҺֱӽǳûɺ
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ܽ10

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ңɢʲô᲻ô侭δڣ˫Ѿָް
㰡ûԹԵҺȥ㡣ߡɡﰤҲС
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˻м䣬ң˺ͱˣδͲܺúôһԸ㽻ѵģֻ㲻ϰ
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ȻƤĹ! 㲽ƣֻ֮Ƶóѡ֮ʱ⣿ǲͼʲôԹȫʬ
ȴƤЦȫʬȫʬҿɴֻ뽫Ұ
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һöлˣңؿۣ̱
лƨƤˣ˵ģ
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ҪļҲû˵򰡣ǼһûǺ򶷣ˣ֣ǻʤɶΪǺðǶһ̣Ļأ
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߻صңϣͣһ룬ȤζؿԼסɡ֡
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ܽ11

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ķŭڳ׵ȼ
˿һ˿ߴȥͣ⼸ɣԽԽࡣ
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ͻȻľ˿߽ǳذɼ롣˿ȴˣҪγɾ޴İΧȦҪΧ
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ȴû뵽˿߾ۼͬʱԴҲ㼯һ
۹δ˴ۣɵ
ԭǸ
ΧȦһɣǧ˿ΧҪͻΧҪǧ˿߻֮ǿԿ
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ݵҪƴ󣬹Ǽôܰõ˲㲻ơ
ңԶ֣ʬΪáֻ轫ƳɿܣһʬԸһ˿߱㹻ˡ
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Ƥջȣĵλá
ǴԭǸ޴ӶѪҺ֮󣬱㱻Һƽ
Ƥҡ棬һƬ棬ҺӰ죬һת
ѪҺУ¶Ӷ˱ص
ټӴȣеѪҺ޿ӵòֳ
ƤУһҡӣײѪҺ
Ҫ׶ˣȴһâ˸һ޴ݳ˳Ѹٷա
ԭӰƤһۣϳ˻ӡ
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磬ΰŵض
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лҪ˵л
Ҫ

ܽ12

춥׹ըѣɵơ
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鲼ѪҺ㼯С
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ܽ13

Ѫ֮ѪΣʩѪһӡ
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ңѪ֮ϣҲֽɡֿͬʱעС
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磬ɫѪƵ˸
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ܽ14

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ܽ15

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ƤЩѿƤӵ¾ˣǻ!
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л

ܽ16

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ϸܵĵǰ֯޵ס
ֻܻó磬ʱ
罫ˣȻЩ
ôʵҲҺҶ֪ҵˣѾˣ
Ϊͨ󣬸ҰΪУҲֻǸëѾͷ! ҿҪ۵ģԹɣ
Χ֮£类˺ѡ
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лҪ˵꣬һ: 벽ңǰ
ңǰХ½аز

һ1

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ǰһһ

һ2

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ȴ˶Цˡ
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һϣؿڣСһҹŵǶԭһɫ͹
Ž|״ȷļָ۰׼ӳ£ܿɿڵӡ
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ԼĻ˻ֱһ޳ָ˴͵ѡ
ָ۾·Ữ΢΢ɼеâֵĶ˸šСһоѿһӡ
Х˻ȥСʲôأ
û
Сһ۾ԲԲģͻȻЩ棬Ǵ﷢ģԲԣֲǴԣǻأ
˵ˡХ΢Цſ
СһЩ㶣Цˣȴ˵Щʲôûȥ
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СһٴοХЩˡ
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졭˵
ѽղҵָͷϻǽ컮˳԰˵Ļ˵ˣ˾ͻ֪ʲôˡ
СһЩ˼飬Ļһ顣
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СҲãһҲữΣҲ᳤ٽСͲˣҸְɣ
Сһ֣á
Хת飬˼Ƭ̣֮زز仪Ϊһ㰢زɺð
Сһͷá
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żͷ羰żؿڣϢżϴȥǵХЦá
Сһϲһĸо
ϲüۺЦģϲ˵ֶϲԴϢϲӣıһů
زԣֺХرǽ֮С
Хָͷ˴ԴزЩˣֱԼţģֶХЦ˳
زԣʶ֮𣬿ȴ֪֮Ůأ
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ССԴ΢΢ģȴХһ㶡
㱣ңΪʲôҪҰұ㲻һ㲻𣿻㲻Ըҵѽ
ǲǣزæҡԴֻ뱣㣬ϲ㰡ܽб˺㡣ҵģҪҪ͵㣬ҿɲӦң˭Ҳ㣬ҿֵ˺Ա㡣
Хϱ΢Ӳһ㣬Щ֪롣
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ХľȤ̲סָ˶زȴذָƿ
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ССûԲֱ׳
˵ЩϲֻΪϲҵ壬Ҳϲġ㻹С֪ʲôϲҶ֪
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زҲʧУҲתɵһֱԡϣҲز
ÿХʱʰһֻͨһɡ
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Хӷг̧ͷ㿴һӵС˹˵ϣĻУХֻýס
ԼĪ˼СģССתתȥСҲ˵ֻЦŶֿС
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һ3

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ССһɣѳ˼ʮģ۵úܡ
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Ϊһżǽȥ
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Ĳůȵ¶صϢֱҪĻǶȥ
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ХգᣬҼޣ㵣ĲûģⲻǺúõػȥҹģ˯Ҷ̫سˣûͬһ˯ġԩŶҿûϲˣһͷ۵ˣһҪѽ
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С㻹Сأһû㣬ҪѽƽƽԸ㿪ҲŻῪѽҪ㳤һ˽ܣҵء
زԽԽˣҲҪ˽ܣҵˣ˭ҲܰߡҪл˰ˣҲҪⱲӿɱ뿪ˣֻҵİХ
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ҵģΪҵġҵ˶ѽ㲻Ҫˡ
ôòҪѽζһûأһֱ㺦ߵѽ
ХĻȸˡ
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ζ㡣
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⻹ǰزһ뿪һ㶼úܡ
һŪŪݣһְХһϡͿ˵ЩĻȴХˡ
زҪȥһطǴ˼䡣˼Сǣɽ緱˼úܣϲġ
ððֻҪһҶϲġ
زͷֻץһֱۣСŮӿŷߴεӡ
Хɷ紦Ľ磬Űزϰա
ҹХѰز§ڻһָֻգԴؿڡ
֮ǰһƬƻХǴ˹ȥ
ʱֵ˼ԪڣҹɫֳУֵϱؽֹ˸ɫƣﾡҵƻ֮
ǻȼŻ⣬ֻһֽ֮£һͨ͸ƴ췱ǡ
ι״Ǻ㣬̺ɣǰãЩɵĶֲ
Ƽͷܶţɫˮڲ翿ż磬֣һӿ˽ȥֻܱ˳Ƽǰ
˶ʮ߰ģŮСŮ飬ű۰򣬻ŻƣʱȺп֮ʿǲСĶˣͷɬһЦ
һҡӣԼװʿģݴЦʱͬߵĹͷ⡣
ļҹһյƣʾСŮӾþ֮УǶׯʶģֻҪŻƿһ࣬ߵÿ콫ȥˡ
ԵʻᣬŮ˫Ͷϣǣ˺ߣɾͼѻһΡǲϣЦһȥҲʧ
زȻЩƼȤХ֣ȺС󿴿ƣһʲôһȥ
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ХͷϲŰɣСһϲһġ
Сϲֻһôģ́ͷһǣЦӭСһƿֻʣһֻˣøɣЩɼˡСӽȥ͸ǵСϲġ
͸粻ôزЩ¶ؿһХ
һ£ֿХһۣǲԣϲȻҲ͵ġֻСӲ͸ϲĹЩϧˣһӦ͸İ˰⡭
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ХǮ󣬰زŻǰͷХͷһֳֻס½ǣڱ˳ɢˡ
زͷƳǵͷʵı飬˵ţɫĻƸֳѽ
ģʵˣز̲סЦ˳
㿴ǵһ״أһȻҪ͸İ֮ˣֻ벻ҵİ֮˻ɣ㿴Ǳ飬ú棬
Хǣ֣һק˹һֻֻ§˻С
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һ4

Х΢΢ͷһָֻǰ۾ƹӳȼһŻ
ХôˣǶأҪʲôѽ㲻ҪŶ֪Ƥġ
زôЦôÿҶ뽫ˣ
زҿһ飬˶⴦ţ΢΢ˣЩˡ
Х֣á
˷׷פ⴦ԽԽˣֻܽĻУҲóˡ
ز£ûϵġ
ձ˫زͱ촽ס

꽻ӵĴУ̽Ĳѹȥز۾ʼ˱|Ĵꡣ
Хʩ˵ȫԭءΧˣḧŰزգͶȥ
Ҳ֪ΪĵΪΧ۵Ĵ̼У϶Ⱥȡ
ĿҲϲɢ˴˼Ƥľ룬ÿһɺ˴|ҩѪӿϴԣҪʧȥǡ
ֻ֪ڱ˴촽ϡǻлȡ|Уֻ֪ҺڵζȫȻ˲ܱͷˡ
زóԣҺϲζ
زЩ˼ˣХҲܺó԰Ҳϲζ
زסӣͷߣ֮ȽСࡣؿڣ̲סָ˴ؿڡ
ʱѵȺͻȻֿʼƶֵ˷˹
زͻȻХ֣ק˳ȥزһһЦţܿķʽˡ
˺ԶزſͣȷȺ˶˦ںˣŷſ֡
ХҺϲô̼Щ˻֪ʲôͱסˣƤӵǣ˼
Ҿ֪ϲģز϶ϲȤĶ֪һҵģҲŸ˵ʵﻹһ㵣ĵģ㲻ˡ
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Хıͷ㶼ҵģֻҪҵĴڣĺǣҲҵģֻҪʱ㲻ҪҾͺˡ
زץסյýġ
ԶҲģϲ㻹أҵİХ
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㡭˵ʲôأʲôһʲô㰡ҡҲ֪
زѿ֣Ųߵ÷ɿ죬˫գûûĻĺûҡ
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Х󣬰زѲˣֻһƣǰȥ
زÿһעӵĿ⣬ϵȶȱһ֡
Ǳ׽ƣĳ|졣
Х
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Хòã˰ҪĻʱȥˣɣǶڿء
㶼ӦҪԼˣôԷſ㰡ҪͿźˣϲˣֻĽķݡ
ХһʹᱧزҲֲסˣæŰؽĻ
زϲˣӦ޸ˣǿ쿴ҵİزˣɰҰҪȢ
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Х㲻Ҫ˵ˡ
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һ΢΢ȴܷУֻһۣҪݡ
ʲôǡа˵Ļ̫¶|ˣҲϰ߶ѡЦҲЦˣҲˣ԰ҷ˰ɣ
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زЩɵֻۣһ˵ģȴХ档
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زʶʼңֿͻȻ֮סˣЩʧ񣬺ȥ˻ǡ
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Х
תͷļ϶ХսزڿУͱ档
괥һʪȵҺƶȾڴϣǵɫʻ
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زҲϲζ䲻һǰǳĵ㣬ԴϢȴȴ|ϻҪԣȻ֡
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һ5

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Х
˶ܵ˷ӦﶥڶԷϣⳡ|ǰ|
Ҳ֪ܵʱ˶ãҲ֪ʱǼʱ̣˵жհˣȫռˡ
˷֮ȻķʱһãزҲԽԽۡͣ¶ҲЩˣͷ˯Ļ
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زЩˣ⻨вŵĶڴ
ָᲦһƬ꣬¶һ۾ƣزͻȻ˳
Хǻᷢ⣬ǻɰʲôѽᷢСôŪѽ氡
زǾ棬۾ЩȥĹ㣬ȴ᲻ƿˡ
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ХЩһָֻԴ˿Ūˡ
ХǺúÿһһģһǻһֱô뽫ǴȥҹͿ޵ˣһܺÿİɣ
ХЦһգСɵϣ˼֮ܵסɽӯĵطǵޣٽǴɽ磬ǼҪǵҲϲ|һϲɣĽס𣿡
زЩʧˣҲЩίӡ
Х֪ˣҵϲܳΪǵĸϲǽڱ˴˶ĵĻϵģȻҿˣʧȥɣҵģԲԣ
ԲԲؿХʧӿҪˡХֽ§˹Ķͷ
Сɵϣǲģôɰǿ϶ϲİϲϲ콫ǷųɣôˣҲҪˡ
زԹհ죬Ҳˡөػɣһȥ˸ĹԶ̽һ
ز˳ȥһֻөӣ档
ө棬㲻Ҫѽز˺ģϲѽҲϲ𣿰Х˵㲻ϲ|ĸоԲŶڲŽų㲻Ҫѽǿһѽǿѽ
زĻģֻһֻСӣûʶ
ز̧һֻ֣ʳָө棬ȴ֪˺˳ʳָȥȻͣһֵֻ
Х쿴ѽزЩؿХ˭˵İҵһ㣬Ҳϲġ
ХüҵİزȻ˭ϲЩѽҲϲ᲻Ҳϲأ
ХָͷɽӽһʱөȴͻȻˡ
Хϲѽֻϲҵģ˭㽫ץڻѽ㰡
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ǻΪĳСɵϰһϲãЦˣǲǺûѽ
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ߣ㶼ҵŶХˣХί㶼ҡ
زһЦһסգƶŤ˹
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ХͷؿڴֻСèһתԴ
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ݵǹХز֣˰ա
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زХ˵ʼһ˳ȥХֻܽ
өĹһһ˸һα㻻һλץȷʵҪѵ
ز׷ө棬׺ˣζҲǣزЩա
תХƳ棬ע⵽治֪ʱһŨŷѸ١
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Хֵλ÷˹ȥȴͻȻϡһӰ
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һ6

زûüӰѱȫڵҲκˣȫŨ
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ХХ
ز̲ס˳Ŀĵתʲô취ˡ౻ȥһ飬Ҫսᡣ
ŨӿٶҲԽԽˣЩŷֻʣԼԼ΢⡣
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ˮһУͬİҲת޴̾ͽС
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ˮһצƳ˽磬ΪΣȥסĲز˿ãֻһ֡
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Ҫҿɲұ֤ٿһʲô³ὣأҿԿǷһ·ҪӲҿɲĴ
𣡱
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ХΪΣϺһС˲ϡ
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㽫ںεذΪô죿ôô˽
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δɳʹһһֻؿڣһֻԴ
֪ΪҺãǱҲԸЩԹңһжΪǵδû˱Ҹ㡣ֻҪ֪Զᱳͺˡ
Ȼ㡣ұ˸磬Ҳֻһˣ㻹˭
ҪڣҳŲġֻҲϣңܺ£һԣҪùһ˳еҲΪ㵣İ
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δɣСͬӡδɳһЦ˵ͷ
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δֻקסڣںͷ

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ֺгǳأֳɼ½ֵƻֵͨúܡ
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ٴһЩûˣϰ飬ʱ伷
ÿεȵҵҪܱȥδɣΪܻʱڹĳ˵ء
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½棬ͷϣҲûͷһۣĲƵҲҪûҪɱʲôǿ˫ãܶܣŵǲǣ
ң˫ץľ֣һתһӳ˹Ȼקס󣬱˼
ʲôʱˣһôǶǲҵĺãΪ磬Ҫ԰ھ㰡ɵɵֻ֪ǰʲôʱ󱳽йƳ˶֪㻹Թˣ
ңһֵֻǰȻһ֣Ľ
ֻ˷Լǻܣ㻹ץסɣֻ֪ɵɵ
ЩȻ֪ĺ⣬ȴǾñŤ
֪ʲôʱʼǾòңôô˳ˡ
ʹ⣬ȴҪŤй
ҲǴϴɰزǵʱҲֻ֪ǰزƷǽĹߵʱ
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲô֪ԼЩʲô
ֻÿÿŲңʱֵֺĸо뷭ۣ䡣
ץסץס㲻Ҳһ˲һ˿㰡ƾʲô˵ɵɵأ
Ĺĵģ˦ֱۣҪȥȴңһקˤϡ
ңһֻѹ󱳣һʱˡ
ǲвͬʹ黹˼𣿲ȥɱǣ𣿡
һһҲ˭㰡Թòãҵðı취ɱǣ֪֪
ңһֻתľΣƳΧȦм䡣
һź⣬Ȼ󻯳һɡ
ָָ죬ɡϰգңﲻ֪ЩʲôͿǺɡΧּȦ˲Ҳɺɡ
ңʩ̱ɡĵǱΪģſ󻷳һ۵ĹΣΧ֮ȫΧ
Ƴ˹ŽҲǻ˽ǣ˿̱øӱɱ壬ƶٶҲԽԽˡ
⼸ĵطͻȻһֻֻٴϷ׹£һѪѳ׼Ƕˡ
ǴͷϷѸٱƽſڡǧ׼͵ȴƤ⣬ݺݳһˡ
ңȴٳٲЩˣŤŤȥҲץס½ǣ߬úý
ңĺ󱳣ʾ
ƳۿҪϣңһգļ϶һɢȥ
Ƴ汻ƵúˣŽɡͽ֮ѻ˼϶
Ȼǻƾһѳɱ갡ֻжǵ·סټ֪ɵϡ
´˿ովһ۵ǲǣͿԽǸߣƫҪͷʹģ뿴Һǲǣ
սȭͷһ˹ңӭС
Ƕ̬ȶˣΪزôĴôҪͷ㽫ϣˣץҵ½ǣΪ֪һģ֪᲻㣬ҡΪʲôҪô󰡣ҵġ
ңЩʧˣʲôҲȥ
һʱȴЩ֪룬ҲһЩ
˭Ҫϲˣ˵ĻˣȻˡ
תͷȥܿߣЩĻţ֪ǲԵʣ˼źЩ
ɢƳɡ漷ѹԤĿռԽԽ٣ƳѾѳʵǽԽԽʵ
ңټӴȣŵͬʱɡҲս֮£Ƴѡ
£֪˵ʲôܶţҶϲɡز㣬Ҳǰزϲֻһ㣬ҲֻҪ㡣㲻ǵˣûϵҿϲҵģѾ˺ܾˣһˣһġ
ϸʵңЩ
лҪ˵л

6

ߴһʳ̧һŷԭǹƳڻʳ
Ѫڽ˴˵ȥҲһԴƣǻʳɾһֻʱ򣬱Ȼξ޴ĹƳˡ
ȴһУʹսδס
¹ؼֻܳǻûɱɾʱסͷ
᪡Ĭһȥ
Ƴƣ뵯ѾܣǱȫƶͼȫ
㿴ǹƳѳɵǽ壬ˮһŪһֵֻֻƫƫúܣʹռƣȴԳͨ衣
˫ں׷Ƴ֮֮ƣѪ˳գ۹㽫ıڶȾʺ졣
ȴδ룬Ѫδµ棬ڰ;Ƴʳɾˡ˫ܽɱƳ棬ȴҲʳӷ㣬ɱȴô
Ϊ֮ƣֻټӿ˫նɱٶȣʳٶȵƫսɾ
һ񣬱׶Է룬ӳȣǽѸ硣
Ʒ֮Хβη˿ۣѾ彣ƣֻƣƳֻֻѳɽ
ѪȾıڣͬھ޴Ѫ֮УԼЧ
ʳڼΧȦµĹƳ棬ԭСҲǰӳɣٶҲˡ
ȴҲֻ֪΢һһ֡
ͬʱҲϼڣƳ٣ȴӴ
˫ĹռƣѵĹʱѹǾۼǧһͬȷʵԶԸ
ֻƬ̣ǱʳƳҪ֮ɣҪ֮Ҫǿࡣ
һֻͷ
ңջع᪣һֽҲ˻˫һľ֣Ӱ˲˳ȥ
ڹƳ֮վ̧һָһɡУǺɡͻȻâһܻģĵֽɡ˾ۡ

ңɡ㼯һ㣬ƴ
ּ֣ǹͻȻ磬תһɵֱģŽıѸӿ
ʱͷɰŵ۵ĵһ˲ϢϮƳ档
ǹƳɴ۰׹⣬һ̵ѵ
ңʱת˹һֻסûâ̵ʧƬ̡
׹⼴̵ȥң̧ͷһȴ㶡
ֻһ޴ĹƳſѪڣչʾǧٵ̳Ӷ˶Ҫһۡ
ǵûɱȴںϣùƳˡ
˼Ҫ󣬴һţ㹻һͨ衣
ֱۻҪָͷһۣ㹻˵ľ
ƳһۣͻȻֱǰײ磬ֱ֮ӽײѡ
һ壬㼴ʧ
㲻Ǻ𣿻˵ɵϣҲòĶȥ
קŲңһߣ֮ǰƳ֮⡣
Ƕʲôʱˣ˵һ䡣
ңûʱ᪴ȥƳ˸潻档
ƣʱ£ȴ֪ǹƳʲôģǱȿ׻Ӳ
ŷȥ˫㽫ԭأһʱˡ
ô죿ⶫһѶԸҲֲ̲ܳȥȭţ⿴ͯ}ûšѹҪùƳ潫ɱԭ֪С
ѶԸҵôܱ뻹ѶԸôһΪһֻܹƳ棬ȥЦҺôҲǻɽ͹ˣɱң򡣡
ңᶨһڣɲ˵ĵġ
ʶɾˣܵ
;ʹɱ˵󻰣ҪǴˣҿɲ㡣
ѵȻô̬ȣңľġ
ͷһЦʹһλӰ̳˳ȥ
˫סƳãȻ֪
½Ҳǰȥջذ벽ңһһ࣬ͬʱмɱ˹
ȴֺãƳûʹʲôʽֻΧסܷȴվǳ֮ơ
ңųеļ϶ĳһƣйƳͷ
룬ѹ׳β˦˹ңӶ㿪ľȴ顣
ƳҪ˹ңһĵأʱ˿
ȴͻȻתͷȥ£ңϹȥѾ±βһˤ֮⡣
ңߣҪ˦һȴǹƳһ֮ͣ
ԭʳŻѪ
ңͻȻһƣȻƳѪɣҲʳѪҺβ˳⣬أ
ңýֱۻһ˿һֻʢѪҺŹƳķ˳ȥ
ﰡ
¸ջһֱңһңֿ˿ֵһۡ
вҪѪ㻹ǿ𣿡
µԴ֣ңȴΪǶԼ⣬̿ˡ
ңһֻԴЦһ£ڹҰȻЩûµģұǿ׳ҲЩ㻹˵ϲңңҲҵġ
Щ죬ֱ˦תһߣʲôʱ˻˵⻰Ҫͷֱʳ罫̽ˣɵ컬࣡⹦򣬻취ôɱɡ
ңס˿ڣ취ˣѪҺʳɾҲˡ
ʲô˼ü
ΪһɵιʳѪǿѪҺ类㿴Űɣһͻȥ
ңŵҲЩ΢΢תͷһ˿ڣѪֹסƿߡ
ƳѪҺʳɾˣ䶯;ͻȻâ˸ĶҲһ͡
һԸӣȫڵѪҺҲͻȻڣҷҪ⡣
˲óԵĶҪ۵ģƾһֻƳֵˣ
ƳڵϣӾҳ鴤ûҲʼɢ
ڵϴ񱻻˿ҪմƤ
ԽԽʢûȥĶҲԽԽ
ң᪣ֱӴ͸ӷɹ
û֧֣ױش
˫ϻ棬ֻ̼ǹƳ屻˷ѣѪҲ˿ڴӿ˳
ѪҺģʱֻʣһǣ΢΢
¿ܷһȥɾؽƤг飬ſϰݡ
ңûľΣվһקӣֽקԼ
֪ҵ˰ɣ֪֪ҵĶˣҲˣ㻹ңǲǺܻ
ң۾ÿˮҲ·Żȴһ¡
Ҫѣȴ㲻˫ˡ
лҪ˵л

7

ǰǸ޾ĺڶӳ鸡ĿռʧϲȥҲ²
ϤĻˮµ龰ӲҽѰʲô
֪һǺŮĽڻþ˵ЩĻֵúܡ
Դڤ壬겻ɢӲ֪Щʲôʲôֵɷѿģõġ
ԭΪǣڤŹȴһЩʱգٴ
ʲôҿɾ㣬ýҷˣҲҪ֣Ȼץûк³
ڿտдݣռԶĺ
ӱ⶯ˣֻתԴ»ˡ
˼룬ûκλӦ´һɻҲԽԽꡣ
ԭСѹҪҶڴ˴ҳȥж˿˰ɣֻʹЩӵֶΣʲô°
ŭѹŬȴʧȥ֪Ҳδֻúһη
ͻһżϴһֻ֣һ
αأغҵģҲ˺㣬ֻѡǱ˫ĽãֺαضұĶأ˵̣һҪһء
ǹת棬΢ЦſֻɫԲһЩƺЩ㲡
˵´Ҫڤҵʱұ㵱ͬˡȴͷӲҲҡ
ֻɱһ˰ˣα˿أ㲻ϣұֻóռӣȾˣ˵㻹Ƿһء
֮ʲôҲǵˣֻ֪ԼѪȻû֪
֮Ҳһ䣬ӱ֪Ѳ˹ϵ
ֻȻֻҪѣǵʲôأ
ӿһ룬ͻȻ׹ϵ㲣ΪǴεƻδȬԵʡ
ôҪЮңģҿû֪ʲôأһʣҲϣ
ŮͷһЦҡҡͷ㻹ԭûǿռ壬ΪáҵҲһʱҿԵȣңӽõ졣
룡ҵΪʲôҪ㰡øϿȥ첻µز£պ򽻵ʲôʱɱ˶֪ҪǲһɢȰ
ЦѸˣƺҲһЩ
Щڤڤ֮ѾڷˣһѾԶˡԭǿռģڴͷҲˡ
ҲߣҲģôһĽԵ֣ҲԸ⡣㿴صˣҲԸػûģֻΪ⣬Ұݼڰˡ
ЩŵؿĵϾƵĹô
ĪŴƣͼıɣ
Ӵ¿е֪հƤµϣžȵһģҲƤˣѪȥ
ԭвˣƴǣΪô
ںһҪػô
ɻʵ˵Լȥһֻ˵ǣһֻ׷ǹʣûаǣĹ
ҲҪֻҪ뿪ҵ壡޹أҪɱҲ޹أ֮ԭûκιϵڲˣҲţ
һ£΢ɲιȥϵıҲתΪЦ
ԲңһŵģҲ˺㣬һ֤ġʲôʱΪ˾ɢˣŻҰɣһ죬ҵ¾Ͱˡ
ˣЩ࣬ڰЦҲ飬ٲҿ۾
Щζû˵˵ͼıȴͼ֪ҲʲôǣĴ£ֻǼ򵥵ɱ˶ѡ
˵˺ҲûУ֣ǲܱȫһʱ
˵ҲǣֻǲϲռȨʩ֮Թƫͱˡ
˵ƣȴûףΪ͸
Լ˵ôίҾҪһϻص¡лˣԺԼԣ㲻Ҫٲ֣ңҿɲ顣
Ӳ֪٣ΪУò
£ҲԸ֡
˵Ķģ㡭㡭Ļ಻֮ǰҲϣұ־롣Ҳ֤ʵ˵Ļˣһġ
ӵȥʹģȻЩˡ
лл㡣ҿԲҲҰ㣬Ҫʱһġϳ˸磬ҾֻһˣֻǰߡһԼ㲻ңҲ֣һֱȵԸһ졣
Լɣȴֱ˵ĸо˻Դ˵ԼֻΪ˺ޡ
һ֪ʲôأţҿҪȥһĵϸ˵滰ٻ
ŮͷһЦ褡褣С
΢΢һ褡
ǰݺͰ׾еô
μ˻ԭһһŮӽ֡
ǽȴַ˺ͿǼĻȴ֤ʵ֮ǰ˵Ļˡ
ʧǶμ䣬ԭΪռô
ںʱ򣬷𽫾һԣΪսеģʧҲԵʡ
ȴһּ裬˭˵أΪʲôҪ˵أ
ĶλӡݺͰ׾ô
΢΢ۣڶƳǼһأ˵仰
ȴ˼Ļδؿţײˣʹݶˣ֪١
ռ塢ûмһ˵Ҳֻ𣬵֪ˡ
ӺҺңͷ
м㣬ۺ龳£˲ңô
üЩɻ󣬡ΪΣʲôôʶ
ԸҵĹؼЩ㻹֪֪ңݣĹϵͻԸˡҿԵһĵڴ֮ǰһᱣ㣬ġ
һˣڰ֮С
˸㣬ңҲ֮
䣬ӰԶ
´γֽˣܰԣû´ˣҪټˣ

ֻǾԴЩۣ߻ˮͷΣҲЩ䣬һ
òһ۷죬һȦ˼룬һƬڰĻƼһЩ
ĺˮʪԭƮںϵġ
֮ǿĺ棬ԶǰݺͰ׾Ưӡ
Ǳӽˮˮȥĳ
лҪ˵л

8

ӻָһЩǴ˹ȥ
;ͻȻһۡ
ֻͣ£ŸʹȴˣԽԽңеڸڽŪʹ
Ӽǵ÷޵;УʹȽ˷ţʹȴӾңʱŻѪ
ѹʹеʱȴԼٿûˣˤڵϱ˹ȥ
ԺУоԼվ΢΢ۣȴԼŹȥ
ȴֽŶʹƤһֻ˯ȥ֮±㶼ǵˡ
ˮıʶѣӺܿǲˮԵʣ̰ϡ棬ǵû¡
ˮֽҪˮȥҪͷһֻץס󲿣קȥ
ԭǰݡ
ߣ˱־һ𡣰һκľſϱߣŻ˿
ӣ㻹𣿡
ݵᣬıҲЩҲʹý
΢΢ҡͷ˵Ҫûˡ
ÿһκҪʹһΣֻܰش
½½Ʈȥ壬еĻ΢΢еѾͬľһˡ
ǵӣƽװ
뵽ǼݣҲǺǲ裬Ī׹ˮġ
Զڵҹɫ£ӵı߼ѾˣǺƮŵһ߾廹Ŀ
ò̫ϸһƣϵֲܼüľаʮߡȴ֪ҪƮδ
ǼݽշҳڣĲǧ˽УҲƮżǧ塣
ӵľͷĴ
ֱͨ磬ǹǡ
ӵͷ˼˵±ȻѲ˹ϵ
²ݣͨˮ磬ǲʲôܣҪ˴£ǣ磿
ϧѱˮ涼ܳȻɱǽȥˡ
׾ûҲŲ˶ã˭Ҳ֪Լʱᵹ£Ҳ֪ʱܵǡ

Ĵ»ͷң£
ֱȲң֮´
߳ŭǣҪζĨȥ
ңң
ң˫ֳŵأƫͷģ̲סЦ
С£ֲǵһˣôѽҲǹҰҲڻ񰡣ø˲ǡ
ͨ죬ı飬ԽԽ
ǵ˺ôԣԼҫսд
ͻȻǰ£һֻץסļһֻѾ߬ȭͷ˵˹ȥ
ңʱתͷͬʱһֻץ˹ȭͷС
һֻֻ˹ȴǱңʱ£סˡ
뱻֮أ˫ֱץסֻ˦Դȥ
ȴϲңͷӲúܣûȴ۵죬۷ˮ⡣
ңɿһֻ֣Դָ뷢ʹ
ңᣬµʹ⡣
ȴϰݣճ˹ңһץѸһתŤ˹ȥ
ңûվȣ
ıؿڣ˫ֱң水ǰҲˡ
Ҳ࣬һҧȥ
ңʹһ֣ȴҵʱһˣң˵ϡ
˫ְ磬һʱ
ռ˱˾ҪۣһΣұҧһڣ
ͻȻͷļҧȥĻƤϣҧӡӡ
ңȴֻ˫ۻ󾱣Լϡ
Ҫҧҧա
¸оԼԽԽˣȴңģתͷһۡ
ȴճյػԼȰĺ͸
£ľ룬ķйҲֺá
ЩڣԴֽһٴκꡣ
ºȫûǵĿУֻѡ
ڲң̽ͷʱͻȻؽգݼ䡣
¼Ӵȣݽͷҧúýңͣ˽ƣҧ
ȴͷϣԣֱоһ˿Ѫζſ
ô
մֽѹ˻ȥ
ңȴǸģΪ֪²ҧͷӷ
ѪҺȱͷǻÿһط
Ҳ֪ΪΣ˵飬ôߣҪ
ģǣȴʼ
һִֻ˹ȥԴ
һִֻͷ뷢˿ץͷǵĽǶȡ
ңֱۻ󾱣ֵش˽ȥ
Һ˴˵ϢҲůůϣյնˡ
ʹǰսݣսȴս䣬ҵúܡ
þúþãһͣϢġ
Щ˼ˣȥľСֺõģɿɰ
ң˸Դһգ£ϲҵĶҲϲĸоǲǣֻ֪ǲñŤˣҿԸʱ䣬Ҳġ
ոˣøҸ϶ȥܱǰǱҪðɡ
ʵ볤սң˵صʱ֪Լˡ
ֻҲһʲôĸоҲֻ֪ڣİ
ңţģֵס
ͻ֦Ҳκˡ
Ҫ˵ϲԥˣĸоΪȫİȫаɣ̽Ҳѧӱʾá
Լġ
ֱزĳ֣ʣ׹ԼѾϲѽ
ᰢزֻΪĴڣΪң˰زᲽң۾аزӡ
ŤֻΪռң
»Ȼϲϲңˣ̴סˡ
ô˵˰С֣ʲôأ
ûûС
µϸֱòңͷһ֣̲סգһ¡
³׵ֿˣԴҽľɵˡ
ѵζ˵Ϣǻֱ궼ҪҲ
û뵽һҲϲһӣǲңˡ
һĲǸӦңЦӱúý˲ͷǡ

ըһƬ׹⣬ڰĿռȴͻȻѿһ죬ԭǴĳڡ
ǴȴҲԭءֻǰ׹վӰ̽Դ⴦
ӣӣ
ȥ
³ɵˡ
лҪ˵л

9


ңƺҲͻȻɵˣעţҲʼЩΡ
תȥǣֻԼգŷѾȺˡ
ﰵһѾȥʲôĻˣҲͻȻ˽ᣬһҡ
ƤעӵĿǱҪֱϢˡ
ѹڲңϣ§ţǸӾͰˣƫƫǲңֻԿ
˼Ǹոʲôû⡭Ǽ
קקδɵӣӳڴק
ңֱµ½ǣСֺõӣҡ֣ͼµע⡣
¹ȻͷһۣһԣȴѿתԴ
ڴҪĹͷײﻹֻԼͷ
ҲԹңˣϻ𣬹Լ
קˣҲûһʡģҪҰ
ңûֻ֨ӿȲ࣬Դ˲Ĵȡ
Щϰߣȣȴ˫ֲϣ鲻ȥ
û취ֻѹ»ŬԼƽ
㱧ҸʲôӺҲҲ֪ʲôˣȻⰡҪǿȹҵķϣûùӳԣҲɱɡ
¾컹Щң΢Цӣʱ˴룬ֻǰӣ
ιֲҰҲϰԩңһίģĿҲĵӰС֣òҵڣͱҪȥĽأȥˡ
㻹ĽأôȥҪұ㰡Ҳ֪ۣҶǲϱǷģŻᱻ˦˦
Ȼ˵ԹĻ»Ƕڱϣ˫ץס˫ȣڴȥ
ңͷЦһܲһҪþúþأھͷˣԺôѽҿˡ
»ִңСζ
һһ⻹ֻôﻹаѽ
΢΢ӣͦģһգʹӡ
ҿɲϣб¾һֱңȻٲ˰ҵĴ򡣡
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ңԴǰ̽һЩĲ
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治ͣܽǸ˪ˣƤӵ·£Ҳͬͬ⣡Ȼţ㲻֣ɲֹǧô򵥣
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ңƳʳѪҺΪ˼ıҪЩƣѪʳɣΪá
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ڰƽǱռȨһǣһǣȴ֪Ǻʱſϰ֣ϣҲ֪ˣ¶˸棬ֲ֪ȥˣȴ׷֪ȥ׷
ЩļԹƳĿͷ֪
Ļӵ״ȴ޴ʹֻܸż
ң˸ԴʾοźһЩ
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Լ˼Ѫ޵һֱţһ·ֲȣӦòǱٳ֣Ʋ⽫һԼ뿪ġ
ңƳʳѪ⣬ǲھʹ֮Լ߳ȥѪ֤ȷʵǲгģжʱһûоʹ߸ܲʹ
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δɵֻҪȴʱЩ˵Чδҵǣ
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תͷδɵڵҲӵ˫Ŀգһ߳⣬Ƕ˵
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±Ųң׷ȥδҲ
ڰĽֵֻżֻһƺƵӽֵ߹Ǽ˸ںͷǸһȺʬĸʬˡ
֣˳ţһΣͣһӰߡ
ΧźˮӵһţͻȻһһ˽ȥȻźˮƮΡ
Ǻֱͨ磬αǣǻźˮƮǡɷѿģԭҪ硣
֮ˮ󣬺ӵһûںڰҹɫЩˮ֮󣬼̱㱻ˮȥͷʧ
Щģ޷οžʹˮƯģƳѾشˣﻹ
оңԴȴЩ̲סˣۿˮתϾҪˡ
£أûµİ
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¡
ˮȴֲסһȥμ̶ڰУʡ
δɽ
һҹעġ
лҪ˵л

10

ѾɽԶǷУ˴ʱ
֮⣬ĻѾҿһǡ
֮ǲͬɳǡǣǵϿ۽Ƶİɫ
Ѫ븯ζҲɢõǣʵɷ졣
磬յıֻأ֮벻˳ţǹʹ֮ҲεĹ»Ұ
ȼɭϣҲɱԣֻ߲֮صСȥԼΪλ
ö֮Թ㶼ڳǳϿգһƣڱ㳣갵ա
ʱ֣Űء
ʹ޷֮ʱҲл˻У˵úܡ
ڳʯʯͷ濴ųŴ
ؽڵʯ飬ҲѪȾɡ
ӻƳǳΧųŵķ򣬱㿴ˮһӰǴ˹ȥ
½˰ŶӴӳ˳ǡ
ңúˮȻͰźǵȥҲǣֻҪЩˣͲҲˡ
ǿȥɣ
Ҫȥң˳ļʾͣ£ȥᱻŵĹϳʲôģҲʲôģαװðɵϡ
ң˵ţ֣һУһˮŵ˹Ͻȥ
ұ㲻ᱻϳҪǽȥˣŰɣ
½ңңȴץֲš
ķԼȥҵƤӵ¿ţʲôʱ˶֪㱳ңһɡϴһɡǾͺˡʩ׼Ʋ
ң»óһɡڿеųſɡЩתͷ¡
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һ㶣üʲôʱ˻֣ϴԼȥģôڻҪҰ㰡ǲأ
ң·ڵϣ˼£û˫ȽվҲͱԼɡˡ
۰ͰͿ£ҡҡͷ˵㿴ɣҽȥɣҡ
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ĻУװǵӣҲѧ·ƣһʹı顣
ңȥΣƮԡ
Ҳαװ̫ãŵĹȻûߡ
ţԸоõĿѪζҲŨҡ
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δļ֪˼ˣҰһʰǣڴ֮ǰҪһЩ
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ͷϵĹƺϰΪͷҲδ̧ڴ֮ǰѾв񾭹Ҳ÷ˡ
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һضߴʯŷǾʯͻȻȫܲһ¶İɫ֡
ʯŵģԭɭɭ׹ǣֻǲ˹ǣǡ
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㿴һ߾ٸɱ󻯳ɰ׹ǵڵϡ̵һƬ
Сһ󣬼Ӱ˳ԭǷꡣ
ԽԽڰգкһƬֱö䶼Ҫѿ
С֣㿴ЩɵĹƳϰգһһӦͶιȥ
ԭƳֻʳ
ңǰľЩ㱡ƺǵӹųġ
磬ֻصţŵת
ңյù󿪹ţȫ˳ƮõǣŻǵɾگá
ųΪ˽һĻ
ԭӺ֮ǰͿʼͼıҽҲ˽ȥңһ˵ȴΪӣ
ˣı֮ģȴվɽʵҪһֻҲҪ˶ȡֵʱ䡣
ֻбܿɾߣ˶̵ʱǣʩչơ
˵ɽʵǿǧǰɾ¹㶨Լ磬䲻췴
ɾϣֻܸ׳ƳҪҲùɽʵͼ֮
˽ȻɵԼкǣɾɡ
ֻнвңܡɸɾزְ
ңͻȻ׹ԭֻһֱڹȴ类͸ˣ


11

С󷨣ų¹Ƴ֮ÿһֻ궼ͻȻñ
壬ǵҲޱ䣬צͻȫɷģӡ
ԭҲûУֻиͶ̥ǵȴҲɱ˵
һƳʳɾգۼʣ޼
Ǽ˲м䣬Ҳ˶á
һڵװҲɰ׹ǣ֣ô˻ͻȻɱȥСˡ
ŲңѲһȦδֻӺͰֵܣ±ٰͲסٳһɱȥ
ֻС̱ɢ˺עͼȴϵıȴͻȻɱ
ȻҲ̰ԵĶȻҲ̰ͼǵ
ɢҲֳ֮ɼУ׷һˡ
ңԳΣ᪽նɱͬǵצС
ȴ֮ҲǿӲʹвӷɹҲ˲ˡ
ЩԼ򲻹ҳͰˣŪЩŪǣǼϼӲǣ̫ɱ̫ûǰɣ
أ֮ԼҲ˳ȥβͻȻ쳤һסһֻ꣬ɱȥȴǼӲʹԽɱϡ
һ
ڻþֱƳײŻѪδָԸռơ
Уʹײ𻨣Բһ˿һ
±Խջ𣬳ԽԽЧȴԼ۵ôϢ
δ࣬Ը꣬Ҳȫûơ
һĽã½󣬰ٽȴҲֻǽǱ˶ѡ
ɱǲǷֺҲֲô취
δɵȻǻ壬д˲ǣдԴԹƳ棬ǲǺ͹Ƴ潻а취
ңźɡƮԣֵ˿ŵƳֻᵯý罫Ǳ˹֣²Ƚסܿˡ
ǵĹâԽԽʢϵ󷨶ʱҲ࣬ҲʱŰ
ɦζĤֱôʹ
֮أˣǽٽȫֻ粻ֹǰ̶ȡ
ٲֹֻȫ˶첻ˡ
ǰСǣٲ󷨣ٷųģ˵һḶ́ƳǣҲӰ죬
ң󵨲²⣬תرԵһȦаٸ֮࣬ҷɢܣΧȦСƳƱطʱ
ңͷƳһ󷨣֮걩̬֮ǹǲ𣬴ƣ겻
ңԭΣӲͷƤȶײȥֻܶһˡ
޴ĳֱõ涼Ų£ң֮ٳײѿ϶
˼Σѷλüӽѷ
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˹β׺δɻƮŶ䵭ԭµԭ
ңһ֮ԸǣγײǵΪңԶԸһȻ̫ǣ˱һ
ײ˼ǣҲóͬķɣʼ˽УԱдϢ֮
±֮ײ˸תŽ굱Уֱиȥ
䲻ֱѣӸ˼ײЧʱڶҲӦء
Χֻһ硣
ȴڴʱ֣һ˲ʱѹ
δȫʧҲУصϣΡ
ԭײѾˣֽйУ˵ڵϣȳѪ
ϹЦһ󣬽Ӱվһ֮⡣
˰֣˻ģԹԴȥˡ
ҵ˭أ֮ҲҴݶϣԭǼѰǸɰػǡ
һۣڲңϣһΪң˻ڻþЩͷûôģȴǹƳ̫Щֵģϧҵļƻ
̾˿ֶδأЦδɽϴܽһ»ҪлɰǵĴæĺã˵ܸأȰȰ㣬ùءȴ֪Ĺ˼죬ȴҪΪأ
ϧ̬ҡҡͷ
δһվܽһѾȥˣҲ˵ˣЩֻһΣѾҵļޡͲҪپᣬûȤˣҲ䣡
޻ЦһƲƲ죬Щ˹ȻŲõģҪʱѣˣת߿¿Щˡ˵˫Ըӣɲ
δɫһһףżؿһ۳ɫҲ
ҡ
»ȥ˵
ƽƽȴûףӦ˰ɣδɿҲɫ
֪˵£ֻǿϣÿһҲġ
һղ֪࣬±һǸƽϣԵûз
ǻʲôң
ңźɡɵǰջҿŷ꣬ȴϡͿҲףԭʱǱıŽʱ֣㿪ʼˣǰЩ꣬Ҳʱųģ
Ц˲ŷӦһģ˭δ㣬ֻãȴ֪Ц
ңɫѹؿڣͲҪˡ
Ҫֻ꣬Ϊǰڲҿţȴղϣ
޻һִϣŲңľЦ
ΪҪĿɲǼ򵥵꣡ڼĶǾֻ꣬лµʱƣǲܱɽΪá
Ϊƽǡ޳ǡܽǣѪΪΣĴƲŸոտʼѪֻǸˣ꣬󷨣Ҫɡ顯
޻ͷһЦȻ֪ʲôֻڹĹ磬Ų㣬Ȼ֪㡣ѪֻǹƻһϷŸտʼ԰꣬ļģԺ֪ˣ
µȻҪ飬ΪβǵĹ񣬹֮лǣαԶƲң²ݣɹƳι꣬αƣɷĻ
̾һζЦ罫ңǹ鰡ҿǰӵĺóοֳɵķﲻãֳͬɵﲻأ
ңɫԽԽ죬ö䶼ˣֱ᪱һ
ק޻Աһ㣬ɶ㿪ˡ
˲Ȼҿ¹ӿļúܣ


12

ǰѽȥˣȻǵ֮ǰǾͽǲˣǲ֪ôôģвҲǴ
ǽȻˣҪǴȥʶģ͹Թհ죬ϣֻܽǴˣ
ѹƲסŭĿѣݺݵǣһ
Цһ֤Ƶҡҡͷǿû˿Ӧڰ˵ĸͰɣǷģúÿǵģڻʱǣҪȵ֮óء
ŰֱָĺҪýʲô
ңҲƽĿΪа꣬ȴһŮӶŹ
üЦؿŲңˣ˵û֮£Ҳзݰ˵㽫ºȥڤ𣿹ڤԭǻӵģÿ㽫ͻڣǲͬʱûӺڤ鰡
˲֪ɣ㽫Уհ죬ȴҲ˽ȥ뵽ʱһսߣں㣿𣿡
ϷʣһŪЦţңȴһ㶣ҭס˻ͷ
ջУȴ֪ԭΪˮڤ顣
ڤ顭
ңͻȻ类ը죬㵵صɴ˫ۡ
ҡͷһŵģԺȴһ档

ܲϿͻȻӿһƬ˻У׹´Ƭѻʬ壬һ˲а֮С
˫̥ŲһŮʹڶ̥ʱͻ
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Хֻһ޺ڵʱۿԼĸ׵˽ڵһѪ⣬ʱסˡ
żΪ̽ȴȫޡ
Хпóڤ飬ĸǿлȴڰ;ͻȻһͷŮӤȻâ븹С
ңЩ棬ȴͻȻһ
ڤĸеʱ򣬱ڸͷϵģֻǻԵɺϵ˴ȴ֪ڤԭΪѰˡ
ֻ֮ڤǸӦ˵ϢŻͻȻġ
֮Զ븹ڣԭ
ң˵ԺһңȴһƬ档

ǰһХϥڵϣеСŮһһŹŪСŮĵؿЦš
ҵСǿɰҪҪ籧ҿɺþöûбˣ벻ѽ벻ұ㰡
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СҪ㶼ϰ´Ҿҧˣ²£
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ŵؾ硭¸ҡ
֪ѽɲ¸ھҪҧһڣҧ

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ɲ֪ڶ棬ܵСȥգХǲɿѽֻؿŸͿ
ХſɣŪˡŮУ̲סǰֹ
Хɿ죬ЩصСްҿûҧ㰡㵹ˣôôûðţͻҸ㣬˵ƭҿԡ
ХһŹͷᣬЦ

ĸţХδȢŮӤΪȡ
ңЩȴһ٣״ɵˡ
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Хجج˼֧꣬ȥһǰزһֻ˵ԼΪҵǶӲд
˵ڹ磬ҲΪ¡
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磬ңҲûմȾѪȣ֪̽±ǰزת֮󣬱㼴绮ޡ
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֪벽ңĹϵŻٳ֣ٽˮС
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ңԿأϲӣԻڸռϷ磬һ㿪ĶûˣֻǾԼܿЦûá
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ңͻȻ˫һݣɱͻͼǰһѸ١ٽɱȥ
ѸݣӦȴûôʱóϻЩӣҲѸ˿֮⡣
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ңҲѸٽӽԾϰգٸ£Ҫͷ¡
мܲˣֻ½磬ͬʱһֻҡ
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ʱâоӯӯҲǱȶ
رǾ޴İΧȦ෽⣬ߡ
ĻƿһǣйâէйǰȴǺڰѣ١


13

٣ͻȻɱ𣬹ͽͷ˵Ŀֲˡ
ٽӽգ۱Ҫɱǰֻץʱȫһ𷢳
ңҲӽ£Ҫӽϴ
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ʹٲԭطųҪߡ
ȴǲңһոһƻֱ޻Ƴ֮⡣
ֻ׷ȥȴûüۼ޻ػڵأŻѪˡ
𣬿ϣȥѪһ˿壬ֹס˿ѪҺ
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һԾϣͼɵУĵҲֻܲڵ棬ˡ
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δɵˣǣǺ½罫ͷ취ǰɡ
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ºͳۼӱܣȴʼնѸء
صǸоʹģҲȫǻеΪֻǸɱ˵Ĺ߰ˡ
ֻģԭˣǲֹʱһֻ˼˸
ңͻȻȥһקӣ±ڻ
˫ֽ˫ۣѣȴҧϣѪ
ңǿʹḧԴͼ
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ҲҪƳˣɱǣǿ϶õģԻܺǴһʱɣɱǣûлˣ
޻һԾ˰ա
ϷҪʼˣ
лҪ˵л

14

ڰգϷ
»óһ죬ٽ˦һȦֱָ档
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ɵϷŸоӱϯЩˡ
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޻ڰգһӵϽǰΧ
µǷ˽ҲˣңЩʱգǱˣ
˴Ҫۣܽ˪˷ˣվԶʤʤ֮䣬Ҳܲ࣬ǱҲҪǣ
һڨЦҡҡͷƺܲͬû򣬾һŮôߴߴֻˣʲôӣҪʹֲǣ
һţٻС˦һȦĽ㻮Բȥ
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ǵڰըѣϮˡ
ʱ˸ֻܽȴϼ̱飬塣
ҶһûнǱɺ̿
лҪ˵л

15

УͰƤôȻһģһĶģ
˫Щ׵ʵϺͳȫǱòþòԿء
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Ķ˵仰ˣ
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룬ֻٸϹȥɵķλûӰ
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һ֮󣬰׹۳һ㣬ͻȻۡ
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콫׵֮ڣмչӱ㵽֮⡣
ڰĿնҲԽԽǿ
˲ڿֲķΧС
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ңѷϸ߿գûʱһ١
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ѹǣݶϣܣͻȻ
ת󣡰ң
лҪ˵л

16

ͻȻӦӹ쿪ʼ˰˵ľˣ
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һת󣬺һйӲţԭҪƳģ
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ͻȻ类ģ޻
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¿ǰ״һҲˡ
ڳʵǲңǣҲҪȥ
תֻĻԽԽǿ첻ƣУ򲻿Уȡôδɺͳأսұһ뿪
ңĺ˸˷һ㽫ǰ
£Ҳһ߰ɣھͺˣǶԶ㣬ٻƲ󡭡ͲҪˣһ˺úûţչ˺Լû
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ȴշɳһ·ֱץסˡ
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лҪ˵л

17

ڰҹӰջԭǼɱɽ
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޻űˤڵϣҡҡͷ࡭ܲˡϢһ°ɡ
ͣԱߵСһ㣬ǲǶӶ˰ֻܽͳԳҶˣһ̺òãǲϷŹǣҪǱץסᱻģҪСһЩ
һִֻϣ§˹ٳһξͺˣһǾȥйӺ񵰣Ҫҵˣܺúñһˡ
޻˵ͷժҶͣɬҶƬ֭ˮζã޻üͷӲǽȥ
ӹ˺ü޻̾˿ץһҶ
Ҳ֪˶٣ֱӲٽлͣ¡
֮޻Щˣս񾭶ϣѾþûϹˡ
˸Ƿꡣ
һЩĺ󱳣˯ˣ۾Ҳ˯ȥ
ոշ׵ʱ˹۾޻Ҳѹ
޻˯óֻ۾СЩƵ˸
С۰ɣˣҪһεĵطˡ
޻Ӧ˸Ƿԭһųѡ
ɽûС·ڲݴζûȥǣ֣ɢ
ǰһжƶţ˾վԭأҳ
˼ӣȴͻȻֻһɫӰӲݴ˳
ԭһֻС¹Ǽ˾ţּǸͷߣ׳ŵһͷײ˹
һһײֺؽһתͷˡ
Ӳݱǵѹȥ¶һСƬ
Ͻ޻Աһٴνݴԡ
ȴͻȻͷһ紵Ӳֱӱ紵õûüأͱ¶˳
ӰվͷϷǣһسЦš
Сƨͦܰ˺Щҵǣοɲˣ־ܰɣ
ǹΧһȦԣͷ
޻̧ͷһЩΪʲôϷŹǰǵĸĸѾɱˣΪʲôҪ׷ɱǰɱ޹ǡ
һɱһץĲ
ΪʲôΪǵĸĸ׵ɾǷҪΪǵĺӣҲҪ֪֪ɾҪ˭ǻŰ¶ģԹɣ
ɱյøͨ죬Ҫ˫קָ̫Сȴֻܻ˫ȳȥɻûӣͱһֻץסˡ
СƢСҰ
ɱϵԽԽɫ۾ҲҪɰˡ
ȴʱͻȻɱһһ˦ֽ˳ȥ
ҧң
ɱ޻ץָסָⶼ˰ס

˹ɱȴ޻ǰһͣٽһҪˣҪø죬ͳ
ֻͣԭأ޻ӣȴֱӿ˳
ſˣǶôˣϷŹǣɽ綼ǻˣǣҺǣſ
ԽԽɱȴԽЦԽ޻ϣڻ˹ȥ
ɱҸƴ
˹ɱҲδһֱ߳ӽ߿ɡ
Ż˿Ѫǿվȴֱӹ޻ײȥѹ档
ɱվϷһڨЦؿҡҡͷƺǵûõӣһ
վ̧ͷ۾ȴһ˿ɱ
ֻҪһţһһɱǣҲŹǣɽ綼ǻҪǸۣ
ɱЦؿǹ׼ͷ
СɲҪѻ˵̫磬Ҫɱ㣬ƨǣŻұ𰡣ҲҪ̫Լˣ
ǹѸٱƽԿǣҲգֱֱǹ
ȴͷһ׹䵯һӰ˹һƽɱ˻ȥ
ͻȻڵϣŻһѪҲ֧Ųסȥ

һӻ˹
ԺʱĻ滹̧ۿ˿Ϸע޻㻺˿
Сʱˣڣҡ
ץס޻֣ʮָۡ޻ͷЦţһָֻ˸Ķͷ
ɵϣЩ¶ȥˣȥʲôǶţһͺܺðĸϿأᱣǵġ
˵ͷ
ǣɱˡǰǳǹݣԳ񼫺ãҲ΢
ʱһǣδйȴһػǻˣһҺʧɣ
۽ˮ˸޻ͷĶͷ
ϸʧģѾ˰ػӣҲδɱһӲ־Եġ
Ȼǳɽ磬ϲܳˣǵĸһи׻Լӵİ࣬Ѿúܺˣ֪ġ
ҵһұ㷢һɱһǶΪҺͰ˵˽ԹˣҡѰ
޻ԴСʱһ
ǵĵߣҪǣǾۣ
ģɱˣ
лҪ˵л
ꡣ

1

ڰĿռֻмյ͵ƷƵĹ߽ǰﲻعճʯںһš
Ѫζ͸ζõǣʱһ̵Ҳ֪Ľ
˼翿żڽϴˮиʹۻȥѲ֪˶ʱ䡣
ǰĻһ飬֪Լںδ
ҡҡݺͰ׾ӣȴ˯ţһʱѲ
վƳ淢ֻ֮оһ鸡ѾйƳͿƵġ
ҲúܣŲֻܷʯ߶
ˮݾˣδ͸ԵʣоЩ̣ԴҲЩѣ
ĵطһ䰵Σȴ֪ںδη
յĿռúܣOO@@Զ˽š
ŴȵĿȴڵһ˫Ьϡ
˳ЬϿȥ󶨸ϣЩȻ
㣡
һɭؿЦ˵ͷһᣬղ˪Ǵÿɺã
׹˴ǰ˵İΣˮϻ֮󣬶ҵǣץ˴ġ
ʲô
˻˹Цһ°ץȻˣʱǵģֻҪǹԹԴԹͺˡںʱȻ֪
˵Ц˾ĺĻҲ˵òף˲²͸
룡Ŵǵ⣬Ƥʲôǣ
˵͵̾˿ί״Һǵѡ񣬲һ֪Ǻ¾;ܾңδĺ
һŻͷģʵˣʵ˷θ
Ƥװӣ֪Լʲô֪Լжİ²ҪΪסǣǼۣҲΣ
ƤһЦȻǸƢϲֻҲҪ״ɼ˰ʲôأδʱұû⸱ģһ㷭첻ɣ
һֻͻȻסŵײһ죬Ҳһ
Ҫ㣬㻹֪淢ʲôɣǰǸ»вңд󽫾δɣʱɶڳаҵתһɾͲ֪ˡǻ㣬罫ϣԼϣʤ㡣
ˣͻȻ˫ץ߬ùǽֱ죬Ҫи̣ҶŹ㣡
ҲͻȻսֱֱ飬ƸУ̵ɱֱҪۿ顣
ʵЩԭΪ㰡ƽǿʼһһβΪ㰡һҲΪ㣬ֻʲôǵãʲô֪ˣ
һɱıͻȻתΪЦЦ˳Ҳ԰̫ԶˣЩ类ʱ嵭ˣɾҲû˼ǵˣֲġ
ӿһı飬˵ЩϡŹֵĻֲ֪ʲô⣬ӽ
˵ʲôǹóŤǷǣĶ˵ɻģڱʲôڲң㣡
˵ħ磿
ʲôħ磿Ҫ˵ʲô
˳ǣ΢΢һ䣬˵Զǧǰɲֹ˹Ľ磬һħ硣ħͬһϹűͬɾ͸̻ħͽ䣬˾ְͬƹ¡
ǰʷ³Ƕ֮ʣаңɱ¾ħɱ֮񣬱սޣĺö֮ɽȨλ
һħҲҰȾָ£ƴδ׷ƾΪ¹ɱȨˣ²ųһΪһˡľ档
üɫ죬ЦЦʵľ
˵Щʲôǧǰ޹أҪ
ʳִָ˸ƣ԰꣬˵ǡħɱȻеıԣ£Ҳꡣ
ֱǧǰλħλ¾ƲŴһʱħȻټλǶ֮ʱɾûˡ
ɾɾµĻҵټԼı꣬ıҲСħǴλȨƲȣɾڲüΪ飬ɱħ硣
Χս꣬ħŰȥɾϼ֮·ӡħͬħھ⣬ˣħ糹״Ĩ
ƽɾȴƣʱɱŷӦԭɾ֮ƣΪʱεʱλȨƲȣɾ¡
ˣƾΪ¹˽µľơλɾǵ¹ĵλ£
Ŀֱ˷
˵ĶģǧǰǰҲ޹أҪ䣡ܱҪɽ磬ͬ˵ЩɣǷ£磬ͼЩʲô
˿һЩϣ
ҵͼ㲻Ҫֻ֪Ҫ֪һУԭǰͺˣպ֪ġ
ҲкüǧˣЩڤڤ֮аţ÷ģҲɱġҺ͹Ҳѽ
һͷˮò׽˵ħֱһϯŪúͿ
лֱ˵ɣҪ˵òȥ£Ӳͷط˸ۡ
ƤҾ㣬ϣ㲻ȲΪӣҵĽ£ñʲôңȻֻԲ˶ߣ
˫۵ŰˣȴأЦߴƿһ롣
ڵӰɣ˵ݻ˭ᣬб³ŽҾ͵ɱһǸ
˷˷䣬䣬ӣҪȡڤʱ򣬱ɥ֮ʱʱ䣬Ҳõˣú׼׼ɣʱҲ㲻Ầˡ
ڴ֮ǰԹԴҵİͥǣҪӣͥءɾˣҲ˵߾ߵģΪ֮ɣ
ȵʧһźڰУ˫ͻȻһˤ˵ϡ
֮Уܱ˵Ҫȡڤ飬ֻʱʱδȴ쵽ô
֮ͻٻ£һһ֮δϣȴȻͨ뺡ڤȻʲôö
ܣĪ⣬Ҫ£̬չԽԽ
ľǣ磬ۣȴ֪ʱ²Żͻ䣬ʱᷴ
лҪ˵л

2

Щʧ񣬻˺þòתص䣬Ҫ£ݶ˶ӡ

ݰ۾ǻӣ΢΢Ц⣬ֻǲ԰׵ɫЦҲԵ
ӣû°ɣ
ǰ£ſ˫ת˰Ȧ㿴ⲻǺúõֻҪʹ޴󰭡˵Ҳ֣ҲһˣȴûٷҲ֪ǺԵʡ
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ǽǲ豻¹ƣ֮Ժ˳⣬ʱںϣʷ긹ʹٴλԣʲôҲǵáȴ֪ԼΪλڴ˴
ҿ˿ӵһԴ˻Դ
׾˯ʹҡЩһ
ݱһִֻ§˹һִֻǰ§ŵڻС
Щδ͸δû¶ů
һ߹˫ֺգͼЩů
ӿһĻЩĽˣãһ޵˫ӵԵ֣ǰŸĸػһҸġ̾ҹһˣ֣Ե׽֮ˣʵЩʡ
ЦŴȤ䣬΢΢Цţ˸ķ˿ȴͻȻЩʧɫ
ҲյˣͷգҲһðֻڻŵʱమһЩ·ǸҰҷĲ¡
һ£û˼ôˣΪʲôҪ˵Ƕᣬкóóʱһ𰡡
׾գŪһСûסЦø
ϧ첻Ը㲻ôʱˡ̥ëҽ˵һģǸҽ飬Ӳҵӳ˵ġ
ﳣۻ֪ҵĴ޿쵽ˡҷĲԲѸĹذҲңϲңҾҲ֮͸ѹ
ۿˮ΢΢ζҪݿԼûҲʡ
ȴͻȻԭأҭͻȻ˵ˡ
Цһҡҡͷûµģ㲻Ǹ֮ˣ⼸Ѿ׬ˡ֣Ҳˣ㲻ҵģ꣬Ҳࡣ
˶˵鰮ĥˣʱգȴ֪ʲôϲǼˡ֪㲻ϲҵġ
̧ͷӣ΢΢򴽣һЦ㲻ΪѣҲֻ֪ϲһ˵ĸоѣлл֪ˡ
ֻԺҲϲˣʣµ˽һ㣬͸뿪ǴͲټˡҪúñذʹҲڣҲñ۸ˣ֪֪
Ӵص˵ͷЩᣬ۾ҲЩʪˡ
ȥ֮úչ˰׾ɣӦ֪ϲģûתˣǵýʵϲһѹģζġ
һͷȥĳᣬСǸƨɺ滽ŸСҲǸԸֵͬС硣
£ͷʯڣıԼԴһЩ
˵һֵĶϲҲѹΪ֮ңҲΪ֮ˡ
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޷Ѫ׵ֵһǺľݵֻѹŶίͲʡ
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ܽµܵܿЦķʽΪҲΪһЦҲ岻á
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η˶ĸO@ûʲôҲü˸˼û˵
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ۣ㿴ϷϹŵˮۣʧ񣬻ûüĨᡣ
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׾꣬ʯں簤ż硣
磬ﰡΪʲôηﰡ
ӵǴ˿֮˹ͥǣǰĳǳأǰͥˡˮϻԵʱץˡ
׾ˣʲôأץ˵عţĪҪɱǣ
ҡͷ֮ǰҼˣĻƺôͶ֣Ҳ֪ڵȴʱиĳءǱأ಻֪ؼΡǻֻеָˣٳţͥǡ
ݵҲֻˣϣǶָӳȥװڴ˷ʱ䣬಻㰡
ЦƵûһ׾ҲЦŵǰǻָˣضҪģûǣɲܱ
ݵͷǵָĶͷ۸˰Ͱֻиڣ˭Ҳ˺㣡
׾Ͽ˹иڣȻģҪңһֱȢӣҲſϷ㡣
׾ȥ֪֮ĺ蹵ԶҲԽһ˴ʰֻǿţ˼ؽĵס
ƴԴϣָḧʱ޶࣬Ψ͸Ĳ£ֻǿŽɬѹ£װƵӣһؽ̸Ҳ֪᲻á
мǣӵ˺þòſ˵Ǽʱǰģʱǿɻǵã褻ô
ݵԼҲˣڶƳǣʱֻ褣Ĳǵô
΢΢üξУǹҲڶƳǼǣ˵仰ģԣȷ¡
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Ϊ÷෬ЯԽ֮ڲеɵȴָ
ݵôˣϻؼʱҲ˵ǵˣǲǷʲô°
Һ֮ǰʲôһô˵ķʽҵһһµķ񣿡
ЦһȶǽӣǰȴǴҹӣ˵Ҳ棬ˡռ㣬ҲЩţǳһһģһϴء
ԴԽԽˣˣΪȷôҲֻкͷʣ֪ˡ
лҪ˵л

3

ңһܳܳΣÿһ涼ǰЦŵģգҲĹĵغߺ
۾ȴǰþòɢЩԺ̧ȥӰȴֻ
˻ۿ΢΢Щʪ
һѧ·ߵСƨټ֮ʱȴѾһİǽ
ԭˣµһ쿪ʼ
ң̧СȣȻЩѾܹ΢΢ˡ
ǻ˯ļϵĹѾŽҰڶȻѾܹתֺҲԻˡ
Ž˫ŷڵϣֳֻڴأ֧
ֱ۵ļýʵϣòµأЩߵĸоС
뿪棬ӵȫϣ빭ֱ
˫΢΢Щİ˫Ȳģʹ
һƸ뿪棬һȴʼҶ֮ǰ֧ŲסȥҲǰһˣ͵˸ܽӴ
ңһң߬ȭͷ棬һЩ
˫ֳҪϽ費ɱڴվѶˣ˼ΣǲС
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ε̾˿ֱϰٰȥ
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˫̧ϣٽһȼԼϣ˫ִĽ棬ʼѹ
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ҪǵͿҪҴ򲻹ƤɱİͥȥˣҲյĽܡ㻹еģ֪ĽȻϲ㣬Ҳȹһء
ĺȡѪҪǽϺҲܸϻ㣬ºеŻȥܽǵĻˮЩɥ˵㻹Ƿһء
ңĬˣ֮ȣʲôأ
ƽ֮ʱǰ˵ȡȣ󷨣Ҳᱻ׵УЩڵ
֮ܽȡڤ飬עӲ˽٣Ҳֽ̨һѡ
ʼٸߣҲǰװ
ңɽ̱꣬Ҫĳ֡
лҪ˵л

4

ϣ裬ŴһӰ˽̧̧ƤƼЦ
ôϢһ᣿˵أŸպЩ͵ܣҵĻԷǲǣ˭İҲǷԸ澲ŵ˭ģȥǣ
վһֻץס󣬱Ҫȥδȴס
ҪȥİǣִҪģĸҰҾǰûˣʲô
ڲܼ磬Ҫƺõøˣһȥ´βˣ
δƳһ۰̨˵أҲŸպãæ裬Ҳ˲ϳԣ߶ʲôɫˣԲȵôУ
ҳԷİ
㰡ʲôҲǵˣԭ׼ţûҾ֪æˣ˶֪𣿡
ſգȴѾܰˡʱ䣬˶ûо
֪ˣ˰ɣȥԷɣҪЩܺõÿЩ
δɵ߳ţ޵ȥ
ǽӳ⣬ǣδɵ֣һ統ССǣ֣ڹš
ʱ̣ɢȥÿ죬ѳССĴˣҲԱˡ
֪С갮ʳԸȥ㰮Ե˺׸⣬ԳԿϲϿڡ
һţһʳѾںãǸɫǸ˰һ۾Ҳ˹⣬ȥ
㶮ңϻȥϿûԹ⼸۵úܣЩˡ
ģ˵ֱߵչСɽСҲʱ̰ԵС
δɸϽˮ˹ȥ˻û˺ųԣЩЩġСһϱҪɱ䣬ԲҲҪһڣҺųôС
δɸ˸ĺ󱳣˳˳ʳݵ˽ȴԷʱҭš
δҲôȡЦʱͬӡ
磬ڹпɻ̫æûȥǣϻǣ˲ңͻʱˣŻˡ
˵ңѾµˣӦҲȬ˰ɡ
ͷ½ʱˣʱ򱻷ɵġ컹ǸģңҲЩмܲסͰʵɺޣڻǻڰУǻȥǲǡ
ܽǵʱǱҵģȻһ֮Ըͺܳˣ˵Ҳо֮ûĲǡ
ұҲȥǵģܾúͻӳʶĸоֻʲôʱˣɣܾҺ֮ĳϵҪӽҪһ̽
ֹͣ׽һۣòϲɣϲô
δɱһ˵ʲôأֻչ˺㣬㻤磬ԵЩûǹ㻹ѧῪҵЦ˰ҿ磬ûûСģԽƤˡ
ٺЦһͷȥˡ
ȴͻȻЩնĸо뵽һҲȢӣһ˵˰ɡ
δԴ̫ˣ粻뿪ģҴӦҪչ㣬չһһֱһġڴ֮ǰҲģֻһˣ뿪ǹһˣ¶ģҲҪ¸簡粻һˡ
ץס֣սЩ粻ߣұ㲻ߣҲΨһ˰Ҳ룬ҲҪ㲻ңϰĴڣͻȻҲˣҲ¶ġ
δɳ΢ЦҲץϣ㲻Ҫңܽǵڻܸ㣬ҲᱳġڵһҺҪˣԲŻӦܵģѾˡҵǸˣ֣ͻˡ
ȻǶҪˣȥɣҲ㡣
֪ΪʲôԼϵЦ䵭ͬſյĸоΪ˶δҪЦˡ
ĵ¶Ȼഫݣ˶û˵˭Ҳûз֣ҪԴ˸ԷΣͶԼİο
ò͹󣬳Щˣ߳޵ȥҹ磬ԼѣҲԼƽ
δɸĹˣŲҲԵ
ʲô㻹ˣܴ磬޵ȥ
δߵԣżҡҡͷֲСӴҹ磬һЩˣӰġǲǲ˰
СʱÿƢϲһڹϣҲҸҿޱӵӡҲôǲҷ˵Ļ˰
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δһҲ˵
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ոѧ·ĺӺǺصģδɴһսһҡ
Сӻúܣ֪ҪӣδɱҪһҹȥȴվڽ͵Ц
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ԶЩΧҲ࣬һƬӰڵϣڸǳһΣ˴ԭһôġ
ɻǵãһ̰ҪϵĹӣҲϰȥժҲע͵͵ȥûţѻȸ֡
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͵һЦ˳ǰˣĻûǣĪǼҵĲãԺȤأ
ʱӣҿûٳĿͷ㼸׮±㲹աлұ꣬ҲſԿһ쳤󣬲ֻ˵Ļ䰡
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δɵֱ۸ĺ󱳣ὫһĻ
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ͥǣλ˪Ҳ˷ڰգҲһʱŵ
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˵ýᣬȻõÿЩżչǣҲ࣬Ǵ˾񣬲һͥǡ
ڰͥ±ϡ
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ңձϣʬƶµķңɳ֮ϯŷļǿӵø죬ԽԽܼ
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泯һĹʬǿýˣһȥͬɱɳС
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6

ʬ֮εҲһҲ
һŭХǹʬצȫ˹ϣʼ˺һҲҧڣ˺
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ʱɵۣǼ˺󣬲ױƲǣʬֵеù˼һɵԭء
ôǾȻʲô
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ңһ֣᪱ٶʬм䣬β磬һԹʬм
ңһֿؽɱһ紵ϮʱҫۣХ
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ԷŰͷúҷ裬ħ
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ޣҪΪץǣΪΪаʤעǰܵһעٲŰɣҪǸҶǣձضʮٱط㣡˵ǶţˣҲҪ
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ΪΪҪΪȱ͹ͨڣΪſϽ跲벽ңġ֪׵Ķʲôôһǧ޳ǵʬһǧܽǵʬһǧֻǵ꣡
˵ЦúˣݺͰ׾类̴࣬һۡ
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һԭأ˫֮ȷдɽҲȷͨСʱ򸸾ǽأӲǿƬȴԭΪŶô
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׷ȥƼɽµܵ˽ȥȴһ֮˳ŻɳԶҲ޵޵ġ
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8

ЦڼߣȴԼЩ¶֪һڹȴֱ׳ڮңǵĸմȾɱɲ٣Ǹˣﲻﰡ
һư׾ԴֱĲӶҪ۶ϣѸȥץСһײûֱˤڵϡ
վָͷʹľˣҲˡ
ˣôȥ
˫ԲɣһȥӱСǯסҲûʹպޡٲʣҲվ˲ֺ
۽ǹҵϻۼ˵Ļһ׮׮һǴݻ٣Ľá
ƴҲҪػˣȴǰ㲻ܹܣ
ˣƭңôģһˣĹƣһƭǣһ޼ƿʩˣűЩڮٸģ㱰޳ܣҪʲôͳҪɱҪҲԹԣҾ˵
ͨ죬Ҫճֻһɱ硣
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Ҫʲôſң
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ҲֱֻͻȻһᣬ˫뿪棬ѸٻһƣӵӱֱֱϷȥľ֮ϡ
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ľ˵̨վȴһץסļ򣬽̨Եһơ
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ӷųűƼӣȴҫڣʮ
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з֣ͻȻ֮䴵ģڵɳǴһʱģߡ
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԰꣬ӣͥʮǣϷ֮ס֪Ϊλڴ˴ôΪϵ֮սδɱǣǱûӰϱ߽ӰŲ
Ҫǲ޹ֽǰⳡѾӦҲ˰ɣ
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ֱһˤ̨ϣʯͷģȻΣҲ˽ǡ
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һá
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ѪҺÿһ⣬˵һֱŻһѪȻ򢣬ĲȾʺ졣
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ݺͰ׾ȴ侲˰ʹѽйצˣСȴǲϷŹǡ
ʶģƫͷϿͷϵЩϵĹҲҫۡ
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ѪҺ֮ȴںϣȴҪһӵӡ
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תľڵʯϡѪҲɢ˿ᣬԿ죬Ц⡭
лҪ˵л

9

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޹󣬱ǼȺ֮󣬻óһţɷа֮Ϊá
˼ȷϴ˹󣬱ûи·һ󷨷̱Ҫǻҷ
ɷ֮УʱаֱϿȵ±ڶһ㡣
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׶ΣǱ㻹һ߻ᡣң̳⣬Ǿһ

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10

ˣ޳֮ͽʲôͨ죬Ű˱һ
δɺͳǰȥһΧ治ɫֻҡҡͷ
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ָҪƱ磡ܽǣЩѪ˻ӣһˣҲʱˣ
δɵܽߣɱİͥǣ㻹Ķ㣿ԹձҪ㣡
ͬʱɱֻٳȣ֮ʱ⽣Ӱ˵úܡ
ӱñΪ̽ȴоˡ
һ̽ȫעڡ
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ֻһǣһ֮ʡ
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ȰһСģƤ⣬ӭӳ
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лҪ˵л

11

ңȶ֮Уµķͬ棬ʱٶȻ͡
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ݺͲңʱҾ͸֪ҲƵĳ룬һδɹȴƫҪ֮ڳҲͰˣҪһأˣ߯Ҫ
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Ҫ޻һֱֱ˳ң㵹Ǽ죬˵һƯϷɵѻȸҲҪ㻣
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ңЦЦҡҡͷֻʱֹͣˣʩתĺͣˡҪúԪ飬ȹƲָˣڵѪҺҲ֮ѹ
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Ŵ˼òƽһ飬ͻȻŤ޳
һΪһΪô˵ˣ
һȭؿڣңˣһ
ºַܿӦ۾ȥĲλ޵ԽԽˡ
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﻽һڶ΢Ц
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еâ˸ȴ֪ʱսɱ˰С
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һһҶƫԸǹǰĺˣһҲٲ̡ܶѲƤŰɣǣҲҪİ֣ͥݣ
ڨЦǱ׵ʧ𰡣ҲﵽͷˣΪ౾𣿹ļƻɵģĹͿɱǶ̫ˣΪһԱعδҲ̫˰ɣ
Ҫֻһܸɵ£һˣڹô꣬㻹˽㹦ȣʲôʸң
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ȶȣһϮȥ̽˰Ƕޣһʱ벻˴׵ᡣ
ɫһһϣù𣬿Ĳңһ
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лҪ˵л

12

ʱңУŴ󿪣̽ΧȺ֮
ң֮ڹ֮ϣ쫷վֻܱƣⱻڶ
ǧ꣬Թɷצײ״
ǧδԹһѪˣһӣ۷Ź⣬ӡ
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ȴڴʱڶϵȻӴ󣬲ңֲȡ
Ƕ֪ʱѵһѸж·
ңۼãֻΧȦ·ͻΧһײȱڡ
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ϡһ˳ԴʲôҩˣϾңԭҲͼ赶ɱ˰ˣǵóó
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˫ԭںڶڲ˵󷨣ʱˣͬеĶҲݶΣһʱƶˡ
Ͼޣ仰ĹѾ֧ŲסˣָҲǣ
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һҡȣֱӭң֮֮࣬Թ䡣
˻˵ö֮кϡ棿ռȻˣ㲻ֶܿ飬˾ˣѪˣҲ㣡
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ң޲һ£Ƥѣױ
ˣ˲Ҫץ˻ӣѪһСŮӣƫ̴ȡѪӣ˺İֱﲻǧУ
һЦҲҪôǺЩ飬㵹ݼڣҲҪͷˣ
Ǹģ¹ȻûۡѪ֮ã˼ЩʲôЩʱȻ֪ûʱδ֪ˣ
ͻȻ۾һ˸ֻͻȻջӣתһԾ硣
һ˦ȣһƬ㽫סһ֣мǧѪΣȴ˼ͷģ
ԭҪʩ󣬽ס
һ£ͷ׹ȥʱǴֻԽȴʧơ
˳ʤ׷£滯ΪֱУңȥһʱƣڼʱػûóѡ
ȴ벻ˡ
мͷΧңȴҲŲ˶ãǰа˾㼫䱻
йֱͬнʽ򻯣ңСӭǿƽ֡
ǰսɺĶǴ֮ȴķᣬǸѿеĹͷ
Ƴͷɱ˲ſʱһתȥӭ
ͷϣҲɱֻۣ˹ţȴ˼ʽ©ٳÿÿа˼ûᣬһǱҲ뱻֮
ǣĳԹһֻɱңʽҲϺúʹˣⲻҼ©һôЩèĹҲɱôδ̫Щɣ
˺һӳ˫ֽӡУӼ̺˸Ͽлó쫷
պƷ󣬵ըѵͬʱһȺҲӿ˹ƺƵ㸲
Ϲ˻ѣŴһƬӰӴҲڴʱϮƱҲһս
ҲˣιιҲãͥԵĲ˵Ұͦ࣬ǼȻһΪУұֻܺݺɱɱˣĪĺݣȫҵѽ
ֱõɳɣʱһƬذ
лҪ˵л

13

ӣת£ʯ֮ϡ
̧ͷϵȴЦһǰ
ˣɣ
һδ˹ȴ£֮δɺͳҲһΧ
ͬңǽ֣ûϿҲЩĵҲ׷ȥͬǹˣҡҡӣõأա
˱ȥ·ȴϸˣһͼý˹
µʲô£ˣ־͹һĪƲ㣡ηηʲôӣ
ǣǵʱȴ𣿹ԭҲֻͷڹ갡ǰɣǻϽҸطȥˣ
˵ǲֻҡͷЦ̾һƺǵδŹͷ̫档
ԸǼԶ֣ԽǷֶʳ֮˶ǲģҵҪżʱ
ϿٽӽڳϿղΧҲΧȦܲ͸磬ѹȵúܡ
Ҳʱڰգһŷצ˴͵Ķԡ
ĿǼˣҪԸɾ
ңѸٽ󣬽һ粼ڳϿգ˺ɳá
ԽԽ࣬ǿ֮ʱҲѱ˺顣
ǹ֮Ƶսܰˣǳ֮ǰŤתս֣пȫˡ
жףһˣƴ
ȻҲɵ֪ͼȳһȥֱģȴǲңֿһԽۻء
Ƴǹ⣬ңӰǰҲҰΧ˹
Ƴ˺ҲСۿŲƬҲҪˡ
ٴμлΧȴѧˣپһ˲ʹһлӰӰ˳һһӦͬǽ֡
ͬңϿȥսת˴ݶ
ߣȼӳ֣ĹӰҲʵһսһӰȴôҲռ
Ӱٶȸ죬ȴ׽һʱҲ޷·Ǵ
֮һӰ˹ȥֻ֮ͣսսӰ̫ѡ
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ݶ֮߱鲼˶СЩ£ĪезŽŻ©ݶȥ
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˵ϻû㵹˭һƯ˳ȥװίģǼͬȥƵģթ֮ͽҪҲ֪
̶ֱȥһȴҲһһӭɻˡ
ǱŭǳֱζҪȡ
ʱ󲻵ãŶıǣǵҲʢϮ֮ȻҲǺ
ңսپʹɱðˣҲҪһٲҲҪȶ޼ƿʩ
ңһųĿ϶˵˲䣬ͻȻȥֱץסȣһ
ҲӦ˫ץסȱ鲻ȥ
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Ҳŭˣóѳ᪽ͬսһ˫ֽ߬סȱ˿á
ÿһҳ絶ңץĶ֮Ƥ֮ഥҲҪѿӣѪҺ滭ۼ
㾹Ҫôȥֿɾˣ
ң۹һݣһɣһֻҲץȥǾԣ
΢΢üҵģ
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ҪȴͻȻһƬϣһǹŵѪ
ԭ㣡Ӱס㣬㵹ǻУ
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ԭҪԴˡɱķʽңֱ𿪣ռȡ
ʹв˵а˰һǧֻҪܽ¶ȣŤתս֣Ҳϧ
˽ʹԾϣȴͻȻֱ۱һק˲ԭء
һ룬漴㾹ԸܴˣҲŹȣ
ңֱһգָһšֻžһ޴㽫һۣ֡
㣡ң
˵ּȥһֻΪʹԵҲͻȻңһקڽȴжء
ȴϰݣᣬʹ֮ȴҲֻקһƬҶˡ
ңɢ̣£ȣһȭؿڣֱڵء
ңصϣָ᪽ĿڣڽƷ
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ңûȣԸܴһǿ̾ʹҲҪܡ
ңͷѪҺ¡ָ˹һ߷ӣһ߸󱳣ƽϢ
ɱӰҲΧ˹޹ƿʩڳ״ܣ
ңҪΪʤˣɱңϵذΧӵóȥѣЧǼ벻ãڰͥɣҪҲһԩԩծ±ְɣ
ͷĽƵͷƼ֮
ԣǼڵƱһġ
ңüͷºͻӣ²
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14

Ʊ鲼޲Ѿãһײʧ
Դճֻǿնɱ
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ңµϣӡݺͰ׾ӻţҡȣɢƬȥ
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ңʹѪɱ£Ѫ㾶ֱѨȥһһڡ
ʱһѨλ֮ʹǳ̣ʹǧǰĴ֮ҲԵ
սݣȥһ󣬵ͷѪĶȴ˿ȱңֻٲѪ֮꣬档
ΣңЩƣۣҡȣȴһʹ
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δɵǴӹҲܹɷԸǣԴǶԸšſɷǧа겻ɢǹʵ֮Ӧ跨رա
ңԶڳ⣬ǴʱУҪӡֻýͥʮǽǣƣʩѹ޹ǰ٣֪Ʒ󷨣תǺʩ䵹תйλδƾ֣
ΪδزһԣǣǣƹţΪ֮Уٺӡɽǰ
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Щģңͷҡҡͷǣͷֻܽܳܵסɰڴһ٣Ǿһأ
ͣŽ磬粻ظѾƵңˣûʱԥ
׺ݸʱǵұ㲻ˡ
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壬ӵʹҲɱӾ磬ңҧҧӲǽӡ
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һɽطɣʹ֣ҲǳŲסˡ
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֪ǣЧŵʼˡ
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ķԽԽ󣬵ɳֱһ㡣
Ͼ࣬ӽᣬܷӰϴзţҲվ̫ȣֻŴ
ŷļӴ󣬽ֻʱ⣬ȴٴڰͥǣóŷС֮ʱҲ֮ʱ̷ݳͥȥĪйҲȥˡ
¡δɺͳǼ˷Ͽȥʣ֧УҲ÷ɵøЩӰ졣
ҲߣȴڰȥΣǳ˳ȥǲŸںͷҲ˳ǣһɽϡ
޻˴˷ȥٲڹǰЩԣǸɵģǸٲǵ𡣵ӳɽ磬Ϊ˹һھҲҪȥ˰ɡֻ֮֮»Ұˡ
޻ЦԴḧ˸Ŀᡣ
޻죬̧ͷǡн͵Ŀܣ
һЦһΪУΪУȻˣﻹܷŵ棬ǽͰԹҲȰ٣ͽֻ롣֮㲻˰ɣޣǵҲûˣԺŵĿģֻʣɱ˰ˡ
§˹ļϣȥһڡ
޻˫ֽԴסĴϡ
лҪ˵л
ꡣ

ǣ1

ڿзֵδɺͳŰֵܻŲңͻӣɻزңǴ޵
ɽǸʶ·ģҲأ˷ңȴЩǲ·ˡ
ڿת˺þãҲ֪ԽɽòײҼǴ
Թ˵ǽԼģȴҲõطһٺҡ
ûԹڹ֮⣬ţű㿪ˡ
ڴ˴յУǽò
ˣһϲһȻ֡
СҽңصУŻȥһ޵
ڴ֮Ǻñ졣»̲סȥ̽ıϢϣ޺
Ųң¶ΪѾأңʩתҲ֪ЩʲôΨоգѹˡ
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СֽѾΪϸɾ·ѪҲɾˡ
ң䲻һ׵Ĳ״ҲûõĶȥƳ˿Լ޸ιʳЩҩ
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Сѯ²ңƣԼ״±һһ֪
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ܽһսһսͥһսûٱƣԾͷֻԼûô߱˳İ
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Сҵ˵ͷ͵Ӧһ
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̾˿ǶѧˣһأڰףȻûô֡
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СôȥϢѽæżҩ󷹣Ҳ˰ɣ
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µ˵ͷմӷг㿴ڴ˴վţյÿڣȻұֱŵģҪӡ⿴ʲôأô
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µңǸȴһһ䣬һ֪ôʶء˵ӵˣԸߣҵϡ
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ǣ2

ͷϣҹ˯ȥǽ̫ɹƨˣûѹ
磬ûѽҩѾˣûұι˰ɣ
κһӦۼ𼱣ιιһ
»ŻŴӴȴһСĽŻˣӴϹڵͨһ졣
磬ôˣ
УᣬҪӵƫʱȴƿǴ۵СۣСĽųģűһЦصڹС
磬ôڵȥˣôżǲιҩѽ
ͨ죬һʱ˵ض㣬ޱѿ
粻ôģҩոհãأҲ˵ģЩҲµġ
СЦңҿɲ˰ŲңԵûѧЦ˵ıµǵ洫ѧģ
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ϵʱԽԽˣʪ͸±⿪ֻһ
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лҪ˵л

ǣ10

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¿㲵ģʧѪֽƬգΪµĹϵյͨ죬졣
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գǶĳͷԹ
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ÿؽǵĳҲϷ·ҲӦʱഥ֮Уȥ
ֱȻƳ˫ۣȻæѺתأװϵȶů
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ң΢΢ҡҡͷһҹټ֮ҩЧãѾ΢΢ӣƫͷ͵ͷˡ
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лҪ˵л

ǣ11

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һؿڣҲһ𣬡ңб¾ԶҲ̬̬㰡Һ㰡̬ң㰡
лҪ˵л

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Щ²㲻ԸܸıģԵʱעˣӲ˵ġԼɣ׹ġ
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㣬Ҳǹһ˵ģԸȥɵĻֵġЩڤڤ֮аţӲߣԸⲻԸ⣬ı䲻ˡúñأϣ»ټ֮ʱұĽˡ
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Դһңóóֱʶѹ壬˯ȥ

ٴۣ֮ǿӴε۾ۡ
۾ӦһŽǰһпˡ
˫۳ȴһۣմˣδϡ
ӽ⿪￴һ˿ڣ޴ĻѾպϣƤһ𣬵Ͼʱж̣δýʵ
̽ᰴһ£ʹлܳܵס
۾۴⣬ãȥߣһ˿˴һһŲŲȥ
˲ٹ򣬲վڵ⣬ԡ¡
ãϻ΢顭
лҪ˵л

ǣ14

԰ߣ֮ҲˬЩ
߶ʱ˿ڲ̫ۣ⼸ιʳҩҲָһЩ㲻ۡ
СԲңгϻӣЩϲЩʱ¶ܵģѹҲ˿
Ỻл⼸ˣȥ˺δûƼ
Сұڲңտ⼸պڴǰǼҩιҩҪ˿ڣҲƣ۵úܡ
ȴһңʱˣСұ㽫հͥһսľ֪
ǣ֮ʵģ̱ڴϵת֮ˣֽңһ֮Ҳ֪
ȴסû벽ңΪ˾ʩ֮þòܻ
֮ԣԲңԽ棬֮Ĺϵ׽ಫĵزô
СҵմӹŹؼ֮ʱշҩЩԪ
µڷϣòð߹ˡ
Сһװҩģһ»һվ´ɵվһңȥ
¸ιңҩΪǡ˽ȥŻͷȴʱۺʪۿ

½ǻһͻȴ˲̲סһЦһᡣ
ңǰֱۣڴ£˺üȦɫɫãοЦ
Ӳ˲ۣתͷŴϵĲңһʱʧԺﲻ֪Щʲôǻҡ
ӵˡôˣҿɫǲã˵ذɣС˵Ϊ˾Ҳģǲ
µ˵ͷ˲ңһۣ̾˿ңǸԽΪҪˣԿҵķҲҪ㡣ʵҲֻΪҵԭ򣬺ദʱգȻǳ֣࿴˳ۣҲ㵱Ҫˡ
ˣҲۣܲô࣬ԼΣҲģһġ
»ʱȥңûøô㲻Ž¸ȥ
ϱḻɻţһ˿жһʱͷ˽ᣬҲ˵ˡ
Ѿʼתˣշ˲ٲͺҲָ٣ٵһգѡңҲǸģ֪תǺɣ
ҲƵ֮ˣ˯ǼգңҲûԭҲˣŸѣתķɱֿʼˡ
ǰƤãȫǧٿףƤͬʱѪŧˮıƤһ㡣ѿĿⶼ˳һ϶пñ٣ҪӶ˺ˡ
ǰѨ֮ʹλҪ֮Ѩһһƿըһ׶ҲңܽʹϻطʱѪֻһ˫ۣ˵첻ˡ
ǼѰʱ˿ãѪҲûûǻµһѪӣǸ˿˶ɵˡ
˵Ѩλα֮ʹˣһĿܹ˵ģֱ۵û˹ȥ
˵˵ţʼˡʹѺתٽǼյĲ״عһ飬Ȼܺʹѡ
ֱϰգƽ⣬Ʋֹͣ񻯡ҽ˿ڴˣιҩźתһЩ
ɫ԰׺ˣǰǰ׵ֽһѪɫûСܹܵʹడҲңôɵһһɵ
еˮֲعնŪʪˡ
ȴԭأʲôӦûˣֻ˫ֱֱҲˮ⡣
µ֪⼸˶ӵҲʹ֪ǳȻͬģΪ֡
ǲңĶԣ֮йϵĻֵ׽̶ֳȵĹϵŻԸ⽫ԼȥȥһĿܰ
Ҫô
еˮӣϹ
⻹ǻӵһΣΪᣬҲЩܡ
ס֣һֻֽ۲ȥʵںģǸǿģԼĹģֻҪ뱣ˣԸ⸶һдۣȥġ
ңǸˣֻΪںһЩ¶ѡѸаӦȥǲǰ
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ֹ֮಻죬ҲüξǰйҲԵ˰ɣǰΪ˺һżҲȹģҲѾΪҪˣҪġ
֪һʱ֮㻹ѽʵԽĺ⣬ûϵġյ㣬ֻҪһ֮·˼ˣҲʱ̾ͲԶˡ
¿۾ֿ֪㽫ҵɵܵһչˣůңʹҲֻ¿ϣҶܵˡ
Ҳ㵱ҵĽѽȻ㲻Ҫôչ㣬ԸΪ¶һ⡣ڣ¶ӰӾ׷㣬ڣͲǹ¼ҹˡ
ͻȻڻԴļϡ
ԸΪļˣԸĻңҲԳΪļ˰һһҵ˴չţҲܺ
̫˰ʲô¶ϲԼţʵļܿôడ°ɣ֪ҲܴģȻޱӣʼġ
Żӵĺ󱳣ںһСᡣ
һȴͷһʱ޴룬ֻ
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ƽĶЩ׵ɱһϲ˽̸±㲻ˡ
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£һһֱߵģĶҲȥģİɡ˰ԶҲᶪ㲻ܵģһչ˺ģ
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ͻȻЦſǻСް˭ҪŰԼðɡ
ӽ±øˣսĶ
£лл㡭
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ɻ1

ϻڰͥǻ֮󣬰ݺͰ׾㱻ǴȥˣҽΪ̽ʩҩ⼸Ҳˡ
ݹĸ׾һͬУϻȥ
˷ƶˣУʱ߾֮ء
ݽľۻЩģʱص棬ϢƬ̡
˻Դֻһͷǣ߸ˡ
׾ڶ߻صȴ̫壬ֻǿģı˵Ļ
ݷЦЦ£׾ȴģԼϢһ߲鿴ƣǷַˡ
ûµģ㲻ýţ̫ûǣЩƣۣϢƬ̱õģİɡ
΢Ц׾ȴǲģ鿴˿ڣɫЩףסΪ̽
׾ͻȻ̧ͷ۵ͫ׶ҪŴ󣬡ΪϢգ˶ˣȴӣǲԵʣҪͣϢģ
ҲӦѽ˵ҽҽտ̶ȵƼöˣһ֮Ӧȫԭǣô
ݱܿߣ͵һЦ˵ŰС˰ɣҵԼֻ֪ǷɵþЩ˶ѡ̫ˣúõǰѽʲôѽ
׾Ť˻۾Щ֣磬СסңӶˣʲôҪҶܸô
գֻ˻ԴԼЩģǻ¾Ϳġ
ݿ۾װӣЦʲôܰСұûʲôҲᡣ
ѽҲ̫ˣȻϢգұָܻţʱ̽̽ҵ󣬿û˵ѣƭ㣬㴦úòã
ģƼıһЩҲ˿ס֡
һֻȥԴץΣŴķ
ңϢ˼նҲñ׾ˡݹЦЦȤԼָķһֻСЩĪһСĽ˿Ūң᲻ñҪ¶ˡ
׾ҲͬЦЦĻûĳٶֻۣˡ
Ϣһʱ䣬վ׾ӵǣ𣬱ٴԽϣա
ݺͰ׾ŷ˶ʱ䣬ִƵȥ
׾ȥֻǰ󣬶Ҳñܱܷͷ׾ȥˡ
ʵǺαװû¶ţں󷽣ʱʱҲЩ
ǰѷʱҲҪľϢƬָ̻Щȴˡ
һֱָˣ˰գ;ƿݣͷ㽥ֻüٶȣǿͷ
׾ʱͷҲͣµһսô¡
ݱ޷ֻòɣˣĪҪġ
׾ӦãʱʱƼðĺ֪Ƿˣ㲻ô࣬һڱϡ
һæԼԼֵģ׾ȴץ˫ȣ
ݱûа취ˣֻùԹͷϣŷڡ
Ĺس֮Уʢһǳء
ڿз˰ʱԶԶƼسǵĳš
ֻǽյʱĹ֣ʮգǳϿȴ֮ܲƺ硣
׾ӳϿշɹУзĴ󣬽ڵ¶Ҳýࡣ
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ʵһɫӰڳδܣϸһӰӣȴԭǸӡ
ôһ׾ҲŽӿٶȷ
һ·޲ǿŰĲ״ԽǳģǷԽҡ
Щֱӱ˵ģҲЩӵڿɢһƬŷ˷
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ҵʯһͼ⿴ģҲɷúܡ
֮ǸӣײһѪҺѸɺԣӶıڵצץۼѪĿѿ˴Ǹʬĵطйһ󱩶
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Щҡˣ˼ֶ֤Ű˵ĻͻȻҲ֤ȥΪϴˢɡ
ǹַ񿴼׹Ǻ;޿ӣȴͻȻû˵
ļ򣬽§˹ͻȻһЦԴ
ŸôǳǵĺǱ㶼ǲܹ˵Ļȥɸû׿ڳϣͻ׵İ
ЩҪ£ƭǵģۼδ棬ŸɱʬµģҲҪòã
׾˲ۣ۾صص˵ͷᶨŸܿʲôҶ˶Ҫ䣬ǿտںԵģҲҪ
磬һȥҸ㷭ǳأҲҪҵҪ׿˵ģ׵ģ
׾ŰݵܳңһԾϿȥ
ҲǱҪϿسǵÿһ䣬㷭˳ǳأҲҪҵ
еķƺͻȻӴ࣬Ӳȡ
ԽԽͷХֱĺ
ҲѹһƬƸڶϣƺʱն̮
ǴڳǳϿգ߲ŹκһѰţãȴӰӶûҼ
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ɻ2

֣úܣԹɷƼȴƺʲôָ
ιžڴˣƺڵȴʲô
˷ڿнȫѰһ飬˶ϱڲԫ֮⣬ѪҲδҼ
ȫ޹ʧµֵúܡ
׵ըҲҪը
׾ЩңץŰݵ亹Ҫðݱļ磬ʾ
磬Һ£ʲô˰ɣڵҲҲô찡
ҲûףƽôµģЩСҲ٣ҲȻô˵һЩһԱԼģҵġ
ǣ֣ȥͷ亹򶨵ЦЦ׾˵ͷƽһЩ
ԶһƬ׹֣ϵĺҲͻȻһ޴ȱڡ
һȱڴڵ棬ȴеҲ˸ƺʲôˣâ
Ǵȥ֮󣬵ĹâȴͻȻɢƽ̿ʮɣϷҫȴһ󷨡
ʱֻ׹ƲܶιͻȻʲôһϷ£ֱϷȥͣܣһȦӰ
£󷨵ĽҲԽԽʢһҲȴһĪֱ֮֮Ҳò
׾ڴ˲󣬲ʲôĿģһȫ̿Ҳǳز磬ǰȥֹǡ
سǸһػģǧɷѿġͼ֮˽շʢ֮һжǸѪҪػģǲųǳر١ڣǳ֣سǲ𣡡
ݵͷһȥΧ֮ϡ
ſУһɷ֣֮ҷ磬βȡ
ƺҲԣ֪Ҫʲôһʼ
ԭأǲƶ٣ͻȻһֻֻ˹⻷һΧȦС
ʱʱģ࣬Ͱ׾һ𣬼ֻܿƶǵķλˡ
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ֻѸ˳⣬ȴƶ׵ըѣ֮ãѵϸϣ̽ǰС
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ϸȴûըϣµıһӵϣһϡ
ݺͰ׾估ʱΪ֮壬ۼվӲ˲ϢϸƤѪ졣
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ָûб㣬ԲҵĴˡ
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ͷֻóҲɲȥȫȥ·
ѸţѲ֮ȥˣʱسǶᱻ֣
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лҪ˵л

ɻ3

Σ֣޻ֿܣǵҫۣѸɱȴް취
ƺҲδ뼴ɱǣ׵£ȴϮӣֻը֮ϣС
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ۿ֮ѳɰȣǳطݣ̸һ롣
ϵĹҲʼѸսסֽţƺҪ飬ֱӽɱ
ȴ޻֮ˣֻоǽֱ죬ƺͷҲҪѡ
ʹҲأ

Ӻһ˫סƣԴҲһ
ʹģҲܸоϵۺ͵͵͵ĺ֪ˡ
ڣأ£۾ͺٲҧһҲԣ˵ǻûͻлᣬôζͦˣҲԵģŸ磬һȥģ
һ߰һ߽ۼһٴλóβڹ֮³һ֮
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ٴ̧ȴֹҲڼǿʹҲٳŲֻŪ˿ѿѪֱ
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һҪǰͷֻ˿ڳѪҺø죬ӸȥܳŶãòã㣬磬һκòã
׾ҲΪβ²ƣβסֹͣ
սٶԽԽ죬ž޴ƤҲҪãͷҲҪѹ۶ϣѪҺø죬ʹϮ

ʲôҲˣֻܿģգ˫֡
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ӿЦһҡҡͷ
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ʬЭ˳ʼͻΧˣҲֻܼвУâ
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һǻ󣬡ɱ֮ʱǸ磬ЦǹѪ飬Ź޹ο
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ɻ7

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±ĻһпУ赶Ūȥ޹
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Ϊʱţĳ֮Ĺϵתģ㲻ִڴˡ
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ֹˣϢ٤ڶУȴڲ֮ϡ

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Ǹ˴ҵĳԸɼΪĸҲδֻϵµһ⣬ֻǻܻѣʰгɻ飬˸ΨһҵҲȥˣҲúô
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ӻ䣬ͻȻһ漴һѪ˳ȥľۣıҲѿЩ
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ŬӭܽϣҪõһ佱½С΢³©
ʱܽŬռĿ꣬Ϊ˵õһ΢Цռҹ߲ݣЩϲġ
֪ܽϲȥǴЩֲеˮ
ֱæþãŽˮֲǣֽ
ܽҲֻǵ˵ͷһ࣬澽ȥԡɽӲĺ
Գ׾ٵõ֮ȴңɼ֮
ΰûڹΪԼûﵽˣ̿ŬΪͻᴹˡ
ֱ¼ʼĩ֪ԼĳԭԸܻҲֻΪ̥ܶ²׹ԼòãֻΪĳԭ
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΢̧ϲЦǳŪЦѪɫͫ΢΢ŴЩԽ
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ɻ9

Щ֪룬֮δ˽еһжǴӸе֪ЩһһҲ
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ӵĸ֮أ㻹ҪһĿǷôԿвܶɣֺܰ㣬ջڳԹζ㻶Ц
޷ͬܣ٤ڵĹֻԹʵǸش˰㽫ɱͷ­ţﲻһ
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üĿڵλãǴѹȵĸо
òײ޵õʯĳȴҲ۵ĸоô
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׾Ҳ֪ڿз˶á˶ԶˣɤӽкˣҲûȥײǵ硣
ֱͻȻʧŴӿصȥ
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ƽǿƤ߬ģٽİĿڵλãǿŶҲͻȻۺˡ

׾ɳƵкţˮ⽫ȫģڵϣһ
ҪҪ뿪òá¡
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׾޵û齫Ҳʪһ顣
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ƤâɢڿѪͷҲһͬˣʱܱһƬâȥ
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׾ڵϣǸڵӡǿͷȥײõҲһ춯
ᱣԼ͸ģ߰ɣǲˣҲҪԼ·գҪأչ˺øģһݡ
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ɻ10

׾һܳܳΣƶӵȴӱһԭء
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ݲҪ뿪òðݻúϰøģٸһλòãݲ뿪ңݺ°Ǻòá
׾ԣһִֻϣƵɤҪҲˡ
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͵ЦһľȤ֪ʱԼҲСЩ
µԼĵܵܿҲΪϵΪһ˵ġ
ֱң֣ȥӲЩС˼֣ȻǲõģɿЦҲʹȥˡ
ܲһӲһӸƨɺͷҲԼҸҪȡøɵġ
ӿĲȥЩֱŴȥ˹˰ա
ԭҪȥǼġ
ξļ֮˵ԣִһʣѱ档
ͲңϹϵҲ棬˼֮գ֪һ
ƻãҲָˣƼ㲻ڻ£ڿд˰ʱҲǵɹ⡣
ӽǲſϷУõĹ޹⡣
ѰҪɹԤȵݽʾɾɺ󡣵ȴ˷ݶ䣬ɹԭɾڷͬϵõķϣġ
ӴǰسǵҲȥǲңǴɹһȽϣʱҪȻʧɫ
ɾӵ£ȻҲΪ״۵ġ
˵Ǳߣ˵ǰʯף԰һĳӣҲǶġ
۽貣ǵһҸһԱ֮ġ
һӵĹһ̻Իܹݡ
ʯĵķ壬ص޲𺳣۷
ɹģ߳ʮɣռݳڷԲʮ֮أһǣĿĽ
ټĹ˵˶Ѫ˼㲻ŵÿʯϣһΪ֧ţʯɵĵ
ػ֮£ֲ֪˶Թ£Թɷ֮ܳع¡
ͣɺȺ٣߲ʱণԭ԰еɺС
ɺͨ飬Ϊ֪˴ɾס֮ЩΪġ
԰಻ټɺ֮Ҳ롢¹û˽Եɾз콵ģɾҲס£
ڹԴƬ̣澳ӱǽ
йվڵϣӱվʯס˫֣ϺЦο֮⡣
ϻһΪ֮£ҽǰܽưЩʱˡԭίԭǰ˺ңҲΪ˰̽ŽʧٵģܽҲЩɥǴҵĵýڿվǰҲ˿
Ӵ˷ңƻΪ˱°ɣʵץסҲϵġѾȥܽǣЩû׽ù鰸ɾˣҲپŴ²ˣұ֮ҲȬ±ȥˣӴɷġ
ӿһ΢ЦģЩ㱡
˺õķȴҲô
лҪ˵л

2

գֽϵҷᵽסƣЦ紺棬İ
һ˫峺̶һҲƽ
ɺ֮»λģͶȴ̬֮һƽ׽ˡ
ǳţԭҲǴӳ˴󽫾֮λͳɽھʿģҡһ֮Ƕׯʶʶɺ
ս߳ơָȾѪĽװȴҲҹ㣬һЦ泩
Ȼüÿǳʩ죬ཫ˱ȥ
ƽӺʣȻѷ˿ɼ
ҲͬЦЦͽģܽһսվڼһ󰭡˺ͥǣаЩˣǰղŸѹҲոպЩ㱨ƽҲнЩعǣҡ
ϸԼɫսЩͷ˲ɣݲ뿪ɹȻҪǰȥ㣬ǲ˺㡣
㲻ǰܽģܿԼţҲѰҰæɵӣԼжͻ֪鷳ҵģ¿˰
࣬Ǵ˳ӻˣɹСסգҽЩҩҲָܻЩΣ
ӵⰢ죬ֻһʱҲδͬ˵Ǽղңᵣĵġ˷㣬ҲΪ֮£ʵҶʱͬ˵˵Ƿɽ⡣
ӵ˵޷֪Ķ֪㡣
ӱϻںҾ֮ʱѻԹȥұʲôǵˣ˵սʹ׹Уʧȥˡ
ҽЩɻݺͰ׾ʱǻȱڶƳǼģȴǵˡ
ǰͬҵʧ֮·£ԭΪԭûм䡣ԣڵġҡںǰһֱǳ˯״̬ҵҲһֱƿصģұͿˣ֪١
ɷΪҽɣ׹֮ǰһ֪ңҲĪͷתŪס
΢΢һͣɫԲЦЦ˿Ǿô˵Ҳ㰲ģȻѾǵˣ֮ǰֱ޹أĪȥǰ£մǲ졣
֮ȷʵ˵˻ѻ˲٣ҲսܵˣǱ֮Լеġ
ռ֮˵಻ֵܶ˼ǻأҲƳǼ㣬վ֮ʱѲǵˣȷɵ㡣
ʱһǶһǵĳگΪ;㸡ں㽫ˡ֮ʱ˭˼ǰ֮̽ȷʧˣҲֱĻѻһǡ
һƬ죬ʶ磬˼
ԣȴ֮˵ıϣʧ֮£ȷʵԣΪĻǳ˯δйô
ˣ׾ıˣǰҲݴǵļռݹ塭
Щţԭء
ǰԭһĸ˫̥˫ã֮дԵϵô
Ϊĸ׽ٶڸУżڤ֮ڣӻô
ǰ˻ΣӲͻȻع΢΢üա
ô˰ӣڹôԲ𰡣֮ԭֻ͹ȥһϣϾǶι׶ĵúܣҲ뱯Թ֮У벻һʱ䣬ҲδҲİˡ
˵ˣҲ֪ͼʲôȻ֪˵˻ѣСЩռһ˵δؿţʧҲδ֪ӣϣڣЩȥͺˣҪִڴˡ
ľګص˵ͷĴԻǺҡ
֪ǸԣǼ
ҲʵҲɣȥƷξʵ
һǧҲ˰࣬ԲģȴЭҪԸŪס
֪һôңԱ֮˵֮ϵǳʹԶ١ͥһսҽа˵ֻʣ˷ܹҲȫ̲ңת֮
ֻҲ֪ǷҲЩʲôϻȥңܵǿֵķϣһҲ֮Ĺϵйأ᲻Ѿ֪Ĺϵˣأ
ϻңֵ֮ͬ벽ңϵͬһ֮ռǹҴ£ϡ
˲ңɼңӦҪˣִ֮ŽõĿܣƶԼ֪ʱԸô
Դƽ֮ҪôȷԼĹϵҪôȷԼ벽ңĹϵʡ
֪ңԭХǱ֮ӣǰңġһǳмȫ屻֪ľֻһ˻ҲЩڡ
㣬Ǳȣֻǽӹһ٣ԶҲֻǵ;˵һЩ
֮Ĺϵһ己꣬Ҳմ״ʣ˵ת㣬һ֮ͬӦòԽಫ֮˲пܡ
űǰһ꣬һŮХиõġֻǵʱǳƽģвܵУһ·ߵСŮڽ
ҲܵĹϵ˼飬֪ȥҲֻ֪ˡ
ɵɵվԭأأԿհס
֮֮ͬ꣬飿
δ벽ңȷСŮ벽ң㻹֮һĿá
δ׿Ʒ֮֮飬㻹пĸ硣
˵ǽãôⲽңİΣǷһֿܣԣͬ벽ң׵ã
żţԼԸô
Х϶һгû˵ףԽƫһ˵
Ҳֻɽ벽ңƴ
һ˻ƺиɻ
ͻȻվȽ£Һ÷һѣûһˤ
ӣںôʵѾ˴𰸰ɣһЩҲϣҪԼİôġǻϺܶʱɼģ˵Σڤڤ֮бӣҪȥ
ʲôѵأֻ϶һõ˶ѣܽģᶪѡɵӣÿһˣľ뿼飬Ȼ֪Ǿ˵һ룬ֺȥأ
ļ򣬻ӿ۾ãƺҼ
úµġ
лҪ˵л

3

𼸾ͬˣٴηɻǴ
ѾţǰԹδ빬ĺþá
ԾͬǸźһ֤´βЩ
ȵңУﻹЩ
ͻȻĹϵ֪룬ûٶһ˵׼ʹֻ֮һĿĸ磬ѽܳ
߽ң޵ʱڴߣǶ˿ӭЦ
ԹͬĹĽ˫̧شϣ˱죬ڴͷš
ңС죬ЩֺƵĿ£̱⣬ҡҡͷҺúţҪµҲУ˿ڲŸոϣٸѿô죿㻹һĲ۰ڣȥһ¡
ң˵ͷ
°һӸӣԼڴͷҩιҩ
ңǸԿģüŪ۵ؿ飬ȴһ׽һ׽ҩͽУĻҲ
ң۰ͰͿҲֻܸŭԣưͳԻпҲ˵ˡ
ò׵ιҩңϽ³ͷ͸͸һί޹Ҳˡ
ȭͷֵݵǰң֪ҪʲôܵһԴȴֱӽԴ˻һ½֮ͽС
ңҪ³ȴͻȻ۷Ź⣬ҧ˼ǶĸжصС£۽Ҳ֪ҩˣҲǲǣܿǲǣ
¿һĵС̲סЦ˳۽͵ҩĽԺÿһҩҾ͸һ۽Ҳýп಻ԹҺˡ
ңЦҡҡͷж˼ֽС£һһĹѽһһţѹ¿ȥЩҿûٳԿͷҲҳͷòð
ң˼ζ΢죬ֿҪܸˣ˼ԴǴӦˡ
ңĿĵسЦЦɵСƨ
һԿһĻĶдһοһǸж
οҲϲˣңԸǰֺٰ͡ãǽļϵġ
жΪԷ̬ȣѵü飬ʵЩĽڴ
ҲԲңĹˣԸⳢŽΪ֮һĿܣҲΪ¿еˣӦҲҪЩ̬ȺЩ
Ҵ˻ؾ֮أ֮ǰЩҲһʹˣԸ³ɼȥʹû֮һĿܣҲԸˡ
ôˣ
ӻع¶ָָ۾ӲŷӦ˵зˮ⣬ֲ۾ҡҡͷ
û£紵۾ˡѿǻයֵĻŪ۾ʪˣʵЩ˼ˡ
¶ԻϤҲ˸ţ֪Ǹ׸жӣидͨ۾ֳˡ
ңȴк⣬Ϊίк£ͬ˵˵ϵĵطֻңԺҪһʱ仹кóóҪ˼ģκʱǶԸģһһչš
ӿŲң͵˵ЩӵĻҲһů
أַ⣬ȴûƺãˮϻ
ӲˣҪȥȴһֻ˹۲ȥ
ȴǲңͻȻ˹һ߲۽ǣһ߿۾ϷЩɫ
𡭡ˣίͺ˵˵ԸĻҲԵߣĲĶңе
ӿᶨͻȻֱĸоʹһƬů⣬
ͷҲҪŵô˽᣺û¡ûµģֻǿ¿Щο͸жѣ鲻Խʲô°㲻õҡ
ң˵ͷһЩ˻ȥ
ܸоЩţϰߺԼͻȻܰɣ̫ļ˷ִˡ
ſᣬҲһ£һȥʹƶʱϻţ˲ˡ
ȥۣȫǱܵĶղͻȻһףҲԼľٶŵˡ
ҲЩţǰҲ᲻֪ģʹһƤȴβȥ
Ϊίˣˣˣٹ˲ࡣ
С޵ģһӤʼᣬÿÿҪһȥʹѡ
Ҳĵףһ˿һί᲻ܰɡ
ҲĶһþòҳֱ˻ԭãֲŻع
㲻ҪĶŵˣҲ뵽һһģĴˣŻȥ۰ɣңǸֱӵӣϡ˵ĻǷĵģίҲģǶ㵱Ҫˣᱣġ
ӳЦЦֱĻϴ֪ǶҵĺҶܵˣȻһʱ֮仹֪ôͲңദѾ³ɼҲıԼ̬ȵģٸЩʱ䡣
ңڸЦݣллԸ⿪ʼң֪Լ֮ǰòãˣѾһ𣬱úöԴֺģһҵ֤Ҫһܳܳʱ䣬ǻһһġ
ˮͻȻ֮һĿܷҲһ¡
ֻҪͲң˫ʼɶԷ׽һЩʲôϵأ
ˣĺҲ͸ǹ֮Ĳ죬ȫˡ
ֻЩŤ˵Լġ
Ͳң֣ǵƵһתͷ˵۾ص˻һףҪԼźȻǶԸԷͽ⣬ӽ쿪ʼ²ᣬ
ҪˣԸˣҲϣǿԴԷҪΪ˭Ҳ뿪˭ˡ
ӿŲң۾ЩҶ
֪ң֮ʱ򣬻ʵЩԽܣֵ֮ϵͬһ㣬㿪ʼңΪ֪
תһ£׷˷Ǹжܳģġ
㿪ʼ˼֮Ĺϵ˵ԼͬãҲٿʾá
֮󣬵֪֮һĿԣʵ𾪶¡
ǰиой裬Ȼڷǰ֪룬ˡ
ԣǾһ룬ٶһõˣֺαؿأ
ӵ֪֮ͬҵĹϵһ㣬ԸĻĻᡣڻףĳһȷ֮ҲԸġ
лҪ˵л

4

˵ǶλڲңУֱҹ˯Ҳþòȥȫޡ
º˯ȥͷ磬Լ侲侲
ҹˮأҲЩ䣬ңȵƶ
Բ¸ȵϵǿɽԲɵ￴塣
ң԰ȥǼȻչҹɫ಻ˡ
ңŻ£ֻ£ͷϣ΢΢ۡ
ÿзµʱһ¾ģ飬Ҳˡ
ңŻ˵ǷЩңҲоɣ
ȻѾ֪ݣǸҲ֪ʮ֮˾ţ̬ȲЩɣ
ңϷһ˿ЦΣ˱׽Ū˵ġ
дֽȥͻ˷ʱöණݣҲñ׾ˡ
ˮ΢ķµĻЩʪҲЩˡ
ң˫ȣ˫ֻϥһţЩ
Ӳʱҿ˵ԼĬĬͺá
ɵ˵һҲԸʱȴ˼֣ҪǵЩ֣ʴڰֻػߡ
ʧȱԼ񼫣ԸԾӣʸȥͼЩ
ңѣ½пࡣ
һӰǰŲڻϵϸң̧ͷǸӰЩȡ
ҹҲȥ˯ҹʪأЩҲŸոպЩĪȾ˷纮
ǰͣ£ҡҡͷ޷Ҳֽģůܵ𣬵㰡ӻδȬ͵͵İɣô
ңǺЦҡͷ˯ŰˣɢɢģǻǱˡ⼸ڴϣҲû˯ӹҲˣٲ͸͸Ҫﻵˡ
ߵԣ¡
Ҳ֦꣬ɴ׳пϣҲδһ
ӻóһݵǰҺȿھô
ңЩؿԳٶ۵ؽӹƺֻóһƣͬһƺһ졣
Ȼ˵ˣԺҪչˣգЩԺ󶼲ᣬԸ⽻ѣѡ
ͬһЦƺ˼ڣңȴЩ֪ƺ
֪֮ĳϵ㲻ϸȻĵҿ㽫Ľ򿪣Ըҵ졣ڴ֮ǰǱѵĹϵദһŶã
лл㡭
ңܳЩ챿ͻȻʾý֪Ӧԡ
֮ϵĽչԤϵÿ죬ԭΪӻι²ţͬõġ
̬ȴս׺ͣϻ֮㲻ͬˣҲͻ޴룬ûӦ
֪ǸֱˬӣʱţʱҲᡣ
£ȴǰҲǷĵġ
лл㰡֪һظˣһӲӣ˵⻰ǰҲҪˡ
ʹѵĹϵҲѾܿˣ˵㿴ҵŬˣҲõģ㳹׽ңһǰıǿģѹѹҲʲô
ϣһĿһһ㡢Һһһ֣Ҳֳһ㣬񱣻һ㡣
ҲҪиҪҵĺѹֻ϶һ˶ѣֶֻһĴ˶ѣҸ˶ѡ
ңͷؿ۾ȴֲԾһᣬҲˮ˸
ңһľƺ¼ڡ
Щ죬Ǿ⿪ʼ
ʱǽˣһ֪Щ궼Щʲôúôģһû˽㣬ʶһΣô
۾룬֪ǲǾ⿪ʼҲˡ
΢΢йâӡ棬ǻһˮһ
м俪ʼǹһˣ𽫾ӪɾŷǽЭġ
ʱʲôҲ֮˭ҲʶҲս⣬ұ˵ҲûС
ںʱӪͬ˵ƣҲŲ̫µҽɵܵܿҲóȥҲĴңʱڳ֣֪ңΪˡΪѪ
ҲǸǿģͬһӲУǱ㶼ϰжԱ˴˵⡣
ǰһʱ⣬ҳҲŲǹһˣҲϲŭָС
ཫҵļˣеĺҲ˴ңܽůҹ¶ɣˡ
˺Σ΢Цʱ˫΢䣬Ҳ˵ġ
˽һҲЩӣûɱЩ֮ģҲͬһҲû˳ʹǸ۵ģÿÿлۣҲӲŽҲõģµýۡ
۾ˮɢµĳԣһĴڡ
ĻϲŭЦ֣Ѫˡ
ˮǲȥģӱգһˮȥȻʶЦ
ԽޣҲЩĸоʶҲԻҡ
֪ǵĳֶҵģˣϼҹ¶ǽҵҲΪҪ˵ġǶͣҵĸ֣Ҳϧǣǵġ
ԴϣһɵЦңһЩ簤ż硣
ҲҵĶͣԸˡҲǾҵģͻҵߣһҶˡ
ңֽǰҷᵽҲֻܳ˲Ÿͬ׽ġ
ӻɵЦδ죬ңЩԴ
ԺԽ㰢ô
תͷ۾ȻһһЦ˼Դ
оͽаɣѰԺ˵ģʲôԵġ
ңͷ
Դˣ۾ʱһ£ǿϣԴҡڲң֪Щˡ
ӣ˾ͿҵļϢһ°ɣò˼ģѰٳһҪˤڵȥҵĻˡ
ңֽԴ§˹ļϡ
תɹһԽ٣ƤֱҪճһˣҲ
ңתͷգ޵ɫҪһ£ԼһֱͣˣҪõġ
Сʱ𣬲ңϲŪϵ⣬ÿÿ˲ſͣ£ҲٴȤ䣬ЦǸޱӵġ
ңʱҲǷЦģķ˿ԽԽ
ˮȴҲ˳ϻۼ
ӣԲ𣬸ˡ
΢΢˶۽ޣңоļͷЩʪתͷȥӻ˯š
лҪ˵л

5

سҲ𣬰ݺͰ׾ڷʰƬƬΪһ¹ڣ
ͷ֮ǰģҪ
뿪سǣ֪Լʵ򲻿ɱǣȥǣ˵ڳǣ췴
֮ǳأǵ屻֮󣬰Խĳǳء
λֲ֮ˣǧĶ࣬ӻǷǧ갲սҡ
λݽʵ޲߿޲ϧ֮漴֣ǲ
ݱ׾··ӻϾ֮һɲСʮ
ݶ뼸λҹ̶սԣڶ컹δ֧ӱǽʱⰲӪկ
ؾǧǰݺͰ׾ҲǧʿǰȥӦս
ǳ֪⣬Ȱ齵ȴϸɣָʿ䶷һ
ݵоӣ˽󷨽سɱݣ¹ȴԭǸɱĶħ
ɱʬ٣λݽ棬ްʴȣľĻ£츣磿ý±˵ö֮
׾Ƿ֮ΪֻأǷҶ˵ѪծҲҪҪ߱ɱĸΪӣ˴治֮ˣ޵£ӵʲô÷
֪Ȱ˵ãҲӦսһ£˫ʿ㼴ǰ棬ʱ˻󣬵裬ѪҺŽɱòҡ
ݺͰ׾֣֮ͬǿǺˣ֮ѹһͷʱܡ
֮ʿ񣬲ʱҲ֮óˣŲݺͰ׾սݣؾӪȥ
λôϲѶӪʵȺ֮̽²սƻ
ݿͼֽ֪ؿڣ㶨¼ƻҹɫŨ֮ʱֶ·һţһӻǺǱºӵɳھڶӦ֮
ɫڣݱʿźսƻٵʱҹˣŷǣһʱǳͨ⽣Ӱϡ
ҲаŲ֮ΧڳþòƣµĺӵҲϣǱеļƻϡ
ʱ飬ʶʿһΧ
׾װǣʵ͵͵ʲӺߣǵһ࣬ͻȻˮ棬ͬʱΧΪֱֵ
ǳϿ粼磬ݺͰ׾һʱͻƲ룬˺۳Ҳܾ֮ϵƱͻƲˡ
׾ɻذԣ뼸λ֮󣬾ɱƳ硣
˺󣬶ʱ֮̿⣬һͬʱֻϵҫһڽϣը⣬޴ν춯ء
һ֮֮ʵ˲٣Ƭ̣˺ӣʿͻΧ˽ȥ
ҲֻټʿȱڴأŽԽԽĿӳ֣ҲãдͻΧڳڽս
λսݺͰ׾˺ƵУˡ
֮Ͼ֮࣬ԽԽʿĴ룬ǵķҲѸʱǳرаռȥ
ۼҪܣֻУʿ֮һŵƽ֮⣬ʱֻһƬĿһƬɢ
ԭһ
Ϻۣ޷ĳȴһ磬ֱػɳҷɣͬϵƲһѹͷЩˡ
Ҫ׵֮עУԴ߷һٽǼ
ݺͰ׾ҲԴУҪǱҲҪ󷨣Ҫ֮ǱҲҪͬһ˶
һ˿ǵɱ󣬰ݺͰ׾ݶ󷨣ͬʱ׵Ϊ
Ȼʶƴ˽ڣ֪⣬ͻȻʿۡ
ʱֻһ߾бƳѪȴҲ֮ʢ
ԭǽ˵Ѫɷ֮Ϊ׵Ȼ˹ȥ
ֻдݶɱ󣬳δϣɱһǡ
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ٿǰͬھϺҲȻָƽ޼ƿʩˡ
ݱټһӵϣӳͷɱβһ䡣ۿǳҪ𣬳˼ʯ㷭⣬֮زز
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磬븸ˡ⼸ҹնμڶЦҰҿӵңҵԴ
ÿһָоʵҲĸܵĴڣܵİ¶ȣͺ񸸾û뿪һ
׾Ửӡ̣һһۡ
Ҳ̲סᣬֽ׾§˹Դıȥۡ
Ҳ˼ҲоһֱߣҲǸ᲻ǣɢȥġһֱڱǣҲҪԼҪٽˡ
׾˵ͷԴ򿿽Щ˫ֻҲԴؿ
Ժϱֻ׽֮ˣᱣģȱʧǷݹذҲֲġ
СճҺ͸֪ظ֮Ĵжܸͬܣˡ˾ͷйɣԶĻܣԶһ
׾΢΢鶯һ߲ۣһĴĺ󱳡
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׾˫ֽӱøˣҲͷؿ֮ϡ
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6

Ϣգʿƽòˣݲַپǰǡ
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ҹɫڣʱǶóǻϣȴδһ˻ӪݱԤ鲻ԸȥԷҹϮ
ҹɫȫڹȻһƬ춯ԭؽ˳ţسǾӺƺƵɱ˳һۿȥ߲ˡ
󣬱·ֻɱǰΧ϶ϡ
˶ƣڰΧȦڣٲʳ֮
ؽҲ֮ͣ⣬㵥ǹƥǰǽ棬ݺͰ׾Ҳӣ֮ͣ䣬ｻ档
֪ݲ˾ؽҲһսŶԷ֮󣬱ԻӪʴɱ
ݺͰ׾ֱ·ӣ
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׾ͬսǲѣʵ޼ռϷ磬ֻǲʱ䡣
һݶԶԸؽв˺мܣһʱ࣬ʽҲʩչаˡ
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󷨱ݶıһ㣬ٽУǹ㼴ԽԽۡ
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ݺͰ׾ȴͻȻǷҰޣʹ˿ڱ鲼Ҳǹ˲ʹɱȥ
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׾£񼫣ýǴ߱ɱĸ֮ˡɱֵ죬ΪӡΪ֣治֮ͽο㵽ʱ㶨ú
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7

֣һ׵ڰշֳǧϸһһʿɱȥ
Ѻ޻֮һԭرѶ
һ䣬ݺͰ׾ͻͷ裬һԭػȥ

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׾ؿڣ˫ҲסˣǱģ׾Щۡ
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ұŽץΣʩЩ̽ģϧʱϣһʱŹŽ˸ʹġڼȻˣٲʴȣܰɡ
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8

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ͶϹȴʼԶӣҲʼϣ̺оõڷ仯
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ƤĴнָһ٣ҹʵǴ̹ǵġ
׾촽ҲƤѪҺĴҲƿĿġ

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9

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