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ƶòƿУ˭ԸһΪʲôɱսûУ

ðɣûйûнûдףûζûǡ

īֱ˼֮飬ޡ

˵ϽŮ޵˳ǣҲ֪Լܲܿ޻ȥ

Ȼ漣ûзīǰֻһһĻƶ

ī˲ڵᣬµ뷨ľƶ



īĻƶȻͱĻƶζһġ

ս˲֪īеıߣǳԻƶǳԵúܿĵġ

īҲǲ֪ˣҲʱԶԲģҪǹһֱ͵͵ǮīҲҪһֳԲȺġ

극īȻҪˡ

Ȼȴȿڣľϲɷһۣ



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īȴûʲôĬϲܹҪ˽һҵܲܶһ֪

Щ⣬ȷīûٷ͹ԹԵԱ߿ľ

ǱСڰǰһоľͷĳ

ľͷҪīйǳνӽṹî

ûκճϼʱîй˻˵³пƹĪκΡľȣԴйŴ״îṹ˵ʱ³³Ϊ˲Զ̣6ľһƴɲߡע1

îīҲ˵ģʦҲڿϽΪһӦԽѧīԵ֪ʶʵ֪ʶѧϰбֱŵģľͷɡ

ҲΪīǸѧԵʣľͷǱְֹڼ˺üͨ˲űġ

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Ժīоһ˿ԣܵطϣôᡭ

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ңȷʵңϾǸˣīȴˡ

 6 

ңȷʵңϾǸˣīȴˡ

īһ£Ӻγԣ⡭

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īһͺãȻֻһת뵱ڵǱҵö֮Ŷһ٣Ըʷ

īϽͣʶ֡

ʶ֡ڶ˵ʶȷʵǷ˿ڰԵľͷȻֺαִ

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һû˵īЦһ˵˵ΪĸԸ˵

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֪֮£Ҹ֮Ȼģ̧ͷٿĬīǿ⣬˵ɾӡĸ֣ڲΤҸǡڶ˵ǡɣ

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ȷȷʵʵȫ˵ӣСȥŵľͷ㵽ǽǣΪǣǡ

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īۣʵҪã֪ˣľͷȻؼҿɺã

ľͷҲˣīһ뾲顭

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ɨľмʰߡշϴ롭鶼춼Ѿһ㸴ϰʱ䶼ûīһ㡣

ȻԽīǸ͸ϰȥġ

ΪʵҹԵʣ·Ҳûˣīס·һ¥ķӣҲؿ¡ûûеƣҹʱͽʣ¹⻹ΪīһҰܹŰģ

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һСԼʱԹ˵йÿһ˶ҶԶǵˡεǣ˶֪ع޷ӱܡ߲ʱͲ˶ҡ

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лʹµīǸɽƮȻ̲סü̾Ϣ

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īϲ˯˼Ϊ۵ģյĿҪ̬תԭ

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ȻֿѡֻǿԼݡ

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Σյ۾һī󵭵صȻˡ

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һ£ȷʵˣ̫ӵõҪ࣬˼̫ӣǰ;δīȴѡ˵īϲ

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ӳӦǽׯλ°Ŵʩ񣻲ĸļΪ̫ĸΪ̫ΤΪźע1

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ѡī

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ԼСǿóסװһǽȻèӿʼѰҹ



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潼ںԺ߱˼һҪô죬ͻȻһţһһǶǽС

潼۾Ըȡ

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Ѿīǰȴˣ֪ΪʲôҪȥعˣȴĪزںúúլϢΪ;׼ȴҪܵīļſڶոɰͰ͵صˣ

һ˼ѾˣҲܾˣҲ֪ټҲͽ˸УôͻǲĵҪīټһ棿

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ڴͬʱȫᳬѵǰʱľޣҲԵǰĽײκα䶯Ҫǣ찡

Ƴĩѧ½ɡ꾭أԯʮһɡڡסѹK߶ԯҡ罨̡

ҪǽֱԯԯΪԯԯԯͷװת̣ʹܱСᣬұڵͷת䣬ʡ󡣣ע1

īʵǺܺøԯģҪ͵һ㣬ֻҪֱԯĳԯˣֱ̿ʡԣǣһȽʽҪǿĵطŵֲֵʽ

ԣûֱԯ磬õȵһţʱС

ƫƫûֽͼֽ޴̸īֻԺٶȳͼָֽӡ

ҺãϾ̫ѵĶʧܼκΪģˡ

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 17 

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һһֱû˵Τüһֻͷˡ

ׯûʲôӦȻƽƽϲŭһｲ

ŵ

һ۳ԷˣѹеĲϲʼԯ÷

ԯضԯ磬׹ţ磬ţǰ϶磬µ˳أ˱ǸŮأع֮˴档

ƣһ˴𣬡ţڸ֣

ʱţҪԼ롢ʳã־κ飮ۼ͡״ᵽܲԬ֮󣺡ٸţѧʦԽ֮שҲţĳڵ˵ţ쿪ˡ

Բӣţ˳ѱڽս֪ţأ

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ݲɣ޿̣Էֻţǣ֮Թɡ

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Ե׵ֱӳѵ⣺֪Сסڣ֪±̸£֮๣

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ոս˲亹ˢһ˳űˣոôڴﵱ̫֪Сˣ

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ׯҲ˵ڰ˵

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һñӿɲһĴҪһǿѹģսսؼڵϡ

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бضей̽ӣе֮ư

ס죡ѵǾùû֤𣿡

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ȥ

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ׯŲˣڵʵΪδã

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 18 

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ҲֻҪԸһȷʵãعС

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е㼬ˡ

ԭīһֱǳ䵱ĽɫȻīصߣīɲԸ⣬ȻԼ춫ɡ

·ˣعԯ󣬿϶Ҫƹ㣬ֻҪʱﰴˮ߹ԯ磬϶ܹ㹻ʹܸͣعһӡԺ׶Ҳ㡣

īǷԭľ

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Ծ΢ЦīһȻǴƿȨˣҺԼǡ

һߣΤ³ҪصԼլӣԱߵȴһ·С

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о鲻ΤҪ뿪֪вΪǺ£Ϊ²£Ϊȸˡ

ԼԣЦһôʮ꣬Խ

Τͫһʮ꣬ɲعʱգǡԼ׸ׯڣ

ΤӲ壬ԼԽسô꣬λλڻ˸λΤҲн죬ôˣ

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ץסԼݺݵ˵Ӯ˲λ

Լͷ촽Τ°źϺϣš

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ԿƵĸԣ͵Ŵķ⡣ķ䶨ʷ۵㡭

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ţɵǲףūСӵۡ

˶ǺģԽǾܾԽ뿴֪ԼԼ޷ܵĶȴԾԾԡ

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·վţ忴ֹãֻδ·īĵһι֮ãûȷʵīһڹŴ֡

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Ե죬ʹİǾǼ̶ĳһжսںХıӣڼžȻʼһֵĿ޺

ӬóžһȳζĿ̾Żװ׵Ļ׳棬һһ˵ϣǵãǻǵĿ񻶣飬̧ͷֻܿ߰ߵģ˵ա

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Ŵ˿֯һõϵȲϼ룬ʣµĶ롢Ưȡ˿ࡣƯϣϯϻһЩƯĴˣϯϵĲһάƬ֮дƯĸ࣬ڹϳΪۇ

˵ԭʼֽ

ڶԪԪ105ʱ׸ĽֽƤͷֲԭϣ졢ȹӹֽ󽵵˳ɱͬʱҲֽΪֽ̺ע1

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īŰǰĳƷѰ˼ҪʲôʱҪ֪īиԵ;Ŀĵġ

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ֽǣ̫ˣҪͼ֮

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۾һ˿죬óһɫҲЦǶ͸Եǻǲ֮һΪ

սʱھˣ30κʳڳǶĹǶͭ˴ϣɫصһ㣬īȷʵûȡ

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ŴĽʵǺ̵ܶģԽҲ55cmҲ60cmѽȴ90cmңֱ漣

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 27 

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ǽһأսλ÷ǳҪҷֽ֮ʱ˺üԹ֮ׯ꣨Ԫ247꣩عʱȡ̫ԭϵʮ߳һ̫ԭ

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 28 

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ɸǽĴĸլȻͬģ˵˵ſŵĶЩͨʹӻǹܼңɸǰŵȷݵױͦأݼ㣬īɵõžȻī֮һĪܵ˼ҸǰԼԽɵ

֪һʲô裬Լ˺ö֪ͣô֪ԼȱǮģȻԼҲ֪ΪʲôΪ͸жһܵɸǰҪ̽̽

ܴ̽ʲô

˼˵û˵Լ֣˵ôððʧʧܵ˼ǰˣǰ˼Ҳ̫ܻӦ

벻Լô³çһ桭īĽԼ˸飬Ȼ봹ͷɥػȥˡ

ǰλСҲעīܾˣ밴ϹأҪܺӸҹֱӵϣͷҲӲ󣬽СֵغܣôԶԶؿţǻëִԴоԼ۸ƵģĪθУȻʲô¶û

ĺۡ

ڿСҪˣ˶͵͵һо˲١

ȻǶɵ̫ˡ

ģÿ

Զһƥײش˹Żһ׵ľҪײīҪͨûôϰĹ˵ӦôֱֱصײϣīôǴ·ϵִˣӦѸһһ㣬ն

ϵƺҲŬסǰ˱ŬץһԽ㣬ë⻬ޱȣƽʱϱƽⱾͲףͦϵ˫һʱвסǣ

ӣ

űױʹҲڸֻؿԼҹӵ

һʹױ׷Χȥżû°ɣ

ˤ

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˵ģӻҽʦɣɱ˲ӡ

С۾һɣס죬Ҳã

߳£Աߵīᱳʹվز鿴Լû⣬Ǹ˵Ȼû⣬Ϊ˼ҵ棬ҪҲðɣ

Һãûʲô⣬ѹͲ󣬲ʮӣȻоͬҪһ㣬һѹҪСīҲǲ˵ƤȻϸȾ˷ΣգܱȹʲôĺöˣҪˣ˵ҪҪмˡ

Ų˳ǸϽȥϴ˿ڰɡ

īεҡҡͷ׼ȥȻүǻīһīȥ

СŴвڸ㶨Լ˺īܺߣۿīҪߣϽȥһīԼͻСŵû°ɣ

īһǰŵֶ֪Сӣ̲סЦһ£һֱһ𣬸Ϊʮ˶һϳˣǰ˲һʮĺ

īЦҡͷ¡

СӱԼֶīĻΣīôһЦһʱ֮䷴߳ŭЦʲôЦҵ＼𣿣

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ֻЦɰ

Сϸϸī޹۾ȷīȷʵκζ⣬СһӾйһƤһήҵðɣղײ㣬±ңҽ񣬸ױͨһɡ

ױһԺݺݵͷҼҹӣҼסˣ´ֱұǡ

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Ǹ޳ǣֱūëʵͣͬһģܶϡ

үģʹģڱҪǲץסͰϹۣ

īͷ룬ͻȻЦʣˤ˼Σ

ҪīۣԻᱻױɹץߣȻڳЦң

ɴ۾ʲô£

ϲ۾īмСȻ񣺡з㲻ϵ

Ŷţƭˣ

īƭС

յӣīһԼǳ˵ĸоˣҷŹ񣺡ûƭ㣬зӡ

ôСͣɵʣˣʲô֣

ī

ԯˣʼҡˣˣҲ޿ܡ

īͼӻʹüΣɸһˣ

ܵĵ񣺡ãҵǶ˵ķӸȤؽһҲ޷

˵ߵͷֱİ壺ߣҪƭңҲΣ֮ǰһʹ

Ϻǣǵǰ鰡ûһʡ͵ĵƣССͶô

ī²ۣϲԣͷá

·ֱӰԼһȺͿĪطչӲ֪롣

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ֵʱһǱΪȻΪֹûصĹ﷢йӵߣڲש׼ﶼûзļأʱڣӡ

Ƿǳġ

һ˵ûǷǳģҪ˵ҪʲôģЩҲֻЩϳˡںǰݳģָ֮ӹٶվڳָӣֻ졢ɧڶϡ͵Ϯ׷ܳΪսеսˡѾ㲻ˡȻǳ˽ͨ¹ʡ

ʱмأ꣬Ԫ˷֮괺ｫཫڡע1

ҲϾ˵пܾѾںʱھͳˡ

ʱīɡΧָָīΪվֱǣػԼǲǽѡ

īʣΣʲô뷨𣿡

ɡе㺦£ǵһôؼ˻һֱں濴ţеţһʱ֮ʲô뷨ûС

īɡ˵Ҳżԭ֣Ϊ״ϵ

ɡСëԥΪ⻬

ôʲô

ɡŬīǰ̹ĶĦ

ӽˣһ㣬īҪ̲ס񣬾ʱͽ̵ˣڹ⻬ĵط̶ˡȥһľͷ

ɡͷϽȥˣīҲԼĹ䣬˳Ժӡ

ʵīԼ͵͵Ϊûʵգ͵µīʱŷе㲻Ծ

عīеС̫ˡ

ī֪ĴСعй涨ģ̫ˣȻǲеģ̫ˡȻҲУ

ͷʲôģعǲдƷ

īģˣī۶ڷ⣬ľսоԼһ̾Ҫ˹ˡ



һж׼ȫˣīɫתͷ񣺡ʱȥ

˵ʱҪظʳ

īͷĸСʱʱ仹еŵģԾͲ򵥵ķɡ

ľͷһԲ壬ΧƤīԼĳӱ˱ȣָɡһ

йɵĿ𣬲һͿһڣīΪĽؿ˿ɡļ⣬һǰûôġ˵ഺðɡôͳһСˡ

ûȵīһԸɡԥһ£ʦ˵ڿ𣿲ȷʵһ뷨

ɡҧҧؽԲ忳룬Ȼ̧ͷؿīһۣīȻû뵽ôһɡͻȻͨˣȻûˡ

㷢ǵϸԼֲиɡǵһشʱ;һ֮ţľҲעɡǼ㡭ǿܱˣǱƼ˾ǲһڵӴЩīǳο

īͷܺã

ɡһȴؽȽԲƽڵϣڷĿɡСԲм٣ȵǰͻ߰׺ͣ£ٽľͷĿ١

īһԿɡĶɡڰ;Ҫīһۣʱīͻɡһ϶ǵͷ

ɡĺӣʽЧġ

ɡһī̲סǰɡʪԴúܺá

һԵֳ˳ǣĺűһֹһͷ˵ĳȻò֣غг

һȵʱ̫ˣ۾ֻþˡ

ȻǰߣѺõֱӹϣȲȥӸµضŵʦͽ˵ȥԴ

漴ݡһԶˡ

ȵȣ

ûأţûţûĥ뻹û

ȻīֹһīһŶһ߳һӵĻҡ

ʦô죿

ɡСǰʺī

û£īջض֣΢Цġ

Ȼûãһȳһյػˣ˵ȷʵ˵㣬ﻹµ뷨ӣСľ߯ˡܸĥĥ

ī泩ؽӹɡĲ衣

˿̷ǳƨɵô

ĺܺ氡

 30 

ʣµĲ貢ֻ࣬ҪԼӴĥԼţУīԥһ£ûֱϾݱҲǻ˺üģϴοһǧԯѾעĿˡ

̶ϣīţխȻвʣû̫ķ˼͹ԹԵصˡ

Ȼ˿̵ȴȥˣȻûˣƨϻŴССľأ

һתƻ⣺˵

˵īͻȻɡģ˵ɡйȨתͷɡɡ죬ɡȡ

ɡԹԵںվţû뵽ͻȻйȡֵĴ£æҡͷʦѣɡӦʦȡס

Ҳײ֪İ

ɡôһܾī͸˼ֱ˵ˣ񿴲ȥֱӵϰˣա

īһ룬ȻˡǱˡڻݱģ˵ԭء

ɣīͷﻹǽģȻ󻹲ĵؼһ䣬ɵüţͽġ

ԼʷķɲΪȡȨ˶⣬ɡɵöŲƷʷԵ⡣

ɡ⻰һʱߺͷ֪֪ۿģܷ˲ɣɲˣ

á

ī㣬ʣʱѵɹҲûؼˣ趷ͷɹ˳֤ٵˡ



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ѽ桭˵ĵǲҲˣϾÿʼbossȫûīϻ̳Ͽֵĸоˡ



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޷ףֱͦϸۣ֮ܿ˸һ˫Ŀŭɨӹʱ˲ð

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ҡͷǲףǽīͽܡ

ī

ӡԯ˽⣬ǻʱ׵ͼӡġ

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游һûءˣοԼԼһʱҲȷʵˣ˰ˡ

ʱæ

δУȻû³ĽѾʼ½½

һʱ֮ΤҲûȽеһٽʱӡ

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ڣȴһҪ£ˡ

ô

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ü

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ݼ



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ã˸ոͨˣ֮ңȥù˷ģԸǰ

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ã˸ոͨˣ֮ңȥù˷ģԸǰ

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Ȼʲôʲôû˵أôͻȻ͸ĿˣӲҶ֪˵ʲôˣ

ȥҲ֪ôڣֻܸɰͰ͵˵΢



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˻ͷܽȥˡ

֪



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īģ˵˵кá

ֵ̧ͷһۣӦðô᲻֪ѵӦǴīɸܻܲԼһˤİɡ³󽫾ֵܾɺϣһﲻԡ

ͽɡ죬ϷһľɱɼԦ֪

ī֮һ£ͽʦ֮ţæ񣬵Ȼһ˵֪ǰԣعʵܴ

ԣûΪʹɼҵҳϣʵɼҡ

еԼС֮ĶȾ֮ˣλСȴǹġ

֪ǰԶѾһľˣ˵ΪΪ֮ǰ¹ڻ䲻Ҫ֮ǰ֮£λȿ£ЩšѶϣ֮ǰǹ˴ˣ

˵ű˸Ȼһ̧ͷͿ˺ۿ

ɷģ΢ǣ



Էжû뵽Էἤӡ˵ϰ֮˱Ƚ׶飿Ҳãȷ񲻻ˡ

˳ɹݺݶΤһѣ֮ϣۿͳҵӣҪĿ볶ŶԷʻǲǵ˭

Τ벻˵ع֮ʱԼĶλһֱҳϵֻҲֻȷɼعվȽŸ

ͬʱ

˶ڹս£īڹ

īֽϻһᣬдһ֣ǵʮ֣ζعѾʮûˡ

ʮ죬Ҳһ£Ȼ𽥱ȣæڸֵũԼĹԱڲûע⵽һ㣬īȴףعĵһδѾȻ

Ҳÿʼ׼ˣī±ʣ̾˿Ըţ壬Ըȥӳһ˳ȥˮ

˵棬īҧһһĵġ

走ҪǮˣԺˮòˣ

Ȼīû뵽ǣ߱ȺȱҲ߱ķΧڡ

һʱ֮䣬ΣǰײͰݵζռҹҽǰȴ˼ΪȻҽҽʦѱڣʣµĴ붼ҡײƭ֮ͽ

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һӾҪġȻīЦҲûȤЦһӵ֪̫ˣÿһ춼мʮȾߣ𽥵ģһĳһڵ㣬ͻΪըԵѡ

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һʲôī붼룬Ϊߣȫʿ˵ˣֻӬɲȥīκߣпܡ

˵ٶȣܸߵԭùءùء-ࡢŵͪ࡭Щʲôùض

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īѸվЩоߣҲ̫ţҪʩһԸȥȴҪ޳ɡеΡ

ʲô

ӣ˵ǻ᲻ᡭ᲻

һĲѾˣڶĲҲˡ

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ȻŲɡǸоԼڿжŵζζʬζ˶ĵ£ɡǾΧ뵽Լ˵

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 32 

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ȻйɱèҲû˲ϴ裬йʷϻŷ˵ԪһӾߡʵϣಢûֲڽǷʧġ

ǳףϾֻһѣڹҵ֮ǰݳƷ

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Ȼ˵ѣʱûôͣ

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ÿʹһͻʧһ̫ˣûûɱ

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ī߰ĶӵŬעתƵϣڵĵ֮Ǹмκûӻзߴʩ

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īƿֺ˵ͷ̣Ѿ˶ٴˮˣ

һȵţ˿̵ҲЩһͺˮϱ컹Σ졭Ϳ첻ˡ

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ī򣬽ոԼ˵ģȫһЩȷ

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常ؽҽȴгЧҲȾ߲ҺãճĴǸɾģģڳһͨС£īȴ֪ǴѾƵı֣㣬ԶǳԴ˿ǵʳɻȾ߲

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˸ոҪҩģ

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˵û뵽ͨҽĵЦīԺ죬Ҳһ˿Ц⣬ϻع鵽⣺зδ߲

 33 

зδ߲

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走ƴˣ



ܰоҽЩԾҽվʿЩʿ϶һ鲼·ʿĽŲضɽ֣һַĸо

ŭҽʦѰ֮Ҫɱǰɣ

ܰľսظͬ⿴Ҳû˼о߲ˣʵϣҲоʲôԭֻһͨҽʦó纮Ϊ߶ټо߲Ѿҽݳ˯þˣڵʲôҲֻ֪֪ÿĲӣһЩԭ߲ȽеͬҲ߲

ҽʦ֪Ƿˣ

ܰ濴ҲûʲôֻͬѰ𰸡

ܰʵһΪܵҽʦҴعеλڳΨһû⿴ڷҩˡƽʱҲ˵ܰҲû̸䣬ΨһĽҲǶԷַ̽纮⣬ܰźƤˣҪȻҲ뽪ܴ

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˵㲻Ҫȥ Ըһ˵ҡ



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ÿ˾ôһС飬ôͿع⸮˵һáô᲻֪ǲ֮ȫͷ

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֪ڸʲô𣿣ڣΤڳôಡ㼯

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ִдһ֣Ȼ󷭿µ򣬼ءû˵Ҫȫɱˡ

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Τ˵Щʲô̧ͷعǹԻе

ĿֱΤĸ߰Ȼһʱ֮侹ȻΤ˵

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߱ʱؿסˣ ǡȴߺʿÿ춼ץһˣ һЩеλˣ ЩΪˣЩҲǲԼķ ҲЩ޲ߣ Щ˲ܴɱҲץһ𡪡ī˵ģ ҪԶȺ

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ɴ෣ɨɡ

īʱһ㣬нҽʦڣ ֻҪǼݾУ ҩҩѾŪˣʣĵ䣬ҩĽȱǱȷҩȫ淢ӡ



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ʲôвڴʱѾвˣīӻڡīӣšᵽڳǽҪԣɻīΪʲôͻȻᵽɨ

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īԼСʱСѧʱܿվǽСˣýйҲǿѨ磬ѾʧˣǴԽī˾Υľҿ˸۾ĳôͶðײá

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еԥôɨֺͲе

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Ȼǻ洦С㣬ȴţֻ࣬ҪţһˣܲйһвȴǲʺϾǲÿűġ

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峿 չ͸ɵͶһƳأīϴ ѾҹûúϢˡ

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ܰ糾͵شӽϻʱ Ⱥ˳ſ⣬ʿȥǶڳſڿʾ 㲻ʶֵҲʿһԽнͣ Χһ߷׷ߵ顣

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һܰѾѸӦ˹ʵĹܼ򵥣ǴŲȥˣȻҩβȡһıꡭôʴȣҲѷҩģȻʵûǮģˣ֮Ҫһ۽г

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ǣȥԽߵݣûӵīôô˵ףīҲһͨˡ

Ǯʹһ˱

仰Ȼ̣ĳ̶ֳȷʵʵ

ʸܰأ

īվվܰǰҽʦҽʦ顣

ܰĳҡ

īܰЦҽʦֵá

ܰɻ󣺡Сӣ

īܰҪ㽫֮£ɴӦ

ܰĬƬ̣СӸ߿ˡ

Ҫʲô˵ұָͣλұ֤ȥū

ܰû壬촽ʣС˵ʲô

īܰ۾գգһ£˵Ҫǽˣұ֤ȥū

Сӿɡƭĳ

Ҹ죬ɲΪƭҽʦġ

áܰ﷢˹⣬ȻΪԼ˵δĳӦˣ

ܰ뿪ӰīͻȻһҪ¡

ȫ˻һ󺵰

ʱڷԽһɽǧ෭һ֮ᷢһɽıһɽ

Ȼīڷһɽ֮һƬɳĮ

֮ǰˮˡˡ

ʱΪʲôԼˮÿϴһбҪ𣿣

ðɣбҪѾԤ֮ļˡ



֣ǵҲǷǳ֣ˮô߲꣬ſɣûʼ裬ֻͣڹ滮֮У˵ˣīаٶȣҲܸ˹

ԣīѰʱһֱܵīҲֻҡҡͷȻֱӽ׼֡

ԹǸ÷ֻҪǮ

ϧصͷΪīа취ֱӽأҵǣڱûУǮģΤһˣľֻʣǮԼҲ׬˲١

Щȥ̶½½ػˡ

ǣЩոջعûõ̶ͣŲƲչʳȥˡ

˵Թᴥ󲿷ֵ棬ȻԹľַȴȻܵ谭

ѾһЩŭ常Ϊβͬ⣿

ΤȰؿһµĺһ㣺վᣬԹ˷ãǮԹ裬عе𡣡

˳е𣡡

˵Цˣƹܲ꣬عܷеûܱȳ

ǮԼ

ΤЦҡҡͷа֮ģ˰֮ҲȻعǴģعе𣬴дӺζǮ

ˡ

˵й£ȴΤϣ֤֤Ҫ֪¹عɲܿտƾ

һʱҭ֤ݣ֤ݶȥʳˡ

һʵ常

ܳǮԶع֮ѣйأɴ;

Τ˻һ֮ѻȸ˶ʹͷֻʣΤӡ

ÿԼĶˣʣ常ո˵ʲô

Τ۾һ⣺ΪǧʯɰݾһʱعвԹ⡣

սȭͷѹ˵ǹ˲ͬأ

Τ˵ٺҲڸǲپıʣپֻоܹʹͣ

پ㣬پҲѲ˸ϵֵ㣬ʱҲ㣬ôռˡ˭ĺȨ

Τݵ񣬲ŲæΨд˼ƣɽع֮ѣΪ֮ɳ֮ɡ

Τּᶨ·ΪعȰ˼̶ЦΤ˵ÿһ

ɨµĴ󳼣ǳĬΤڵϣһĬҳΤȰŲµĴ

ȭͷɿֺϣƽסԼߣһʼŭѹصĵףԼ˵ˣ㰴常˵İɡ

 39 

عֳ¹涨ˣǧʯߣ ɰݾһ

Ǳ棬ͨյûʲôӦ Դ׹ֹѳٸѳ֮ عһֱĸﲻϣǶľˣοҲǵ£ ǧʯʳһòģ ˹ˡ

嵱ȻλҪʳ˹ҪײЦ ˵ϲѶˣȻֻһλǵĵλȴǴӵɵã ǧʯʳ ֵ

ֻץסǼ̵ţ

Ʒ翴ǽϵĸʾĦȭƣ˳㣺ڼб˺üʯף͵ںʱȥ׬ǮʣµʳȻǵ еλҪˡ

ĿҪȥ Ʒתͷؼҳﱸȴ

λСֵ㣬 ɷΪ½⼸ɻ󡣡

ƷͷһʮվԷһϷĿԻƷϴľԷǳˣԷͨͨȴĪһĸоûƷıƢ΢滺һЩ

ҲһЩƷ缱ʳأûǸˣλֵܣмȥʱ˰ɡ

ɨ˻Ʒһۣ˵λֵܿǼ

Ʒû˵ǰ

֪Ͻſң

ˡֱԣֵǴ˿ȥѾˡ

Ʒͷһʶؿ˿ܣѾûжˡȷʵʾʱģڽϴûжʳˣԸ߼۹ҲûͬлԸ⡭

֮£Ʒ͸Ӳˣ£

ԷǺƢЦЦλֵĪʱֱȥ֮չ

Ʒ۾һ԰ȻҶԷѾ˾λҲûʲôͻײ϶ԸѶʳ

Ʒƺ˾ϣԷ˼·ʣΣֵܿʱ̸̸

Ʒع˻Ҫ˵ˣصͷȻеģ»Ʒ磬ʸմ

˵˹



˹һССһǣΪ˲éԷΪʳȻְݵӵѧϰ֮һ죬ΪÿԴ׵

ѧ֮ʦȥعһͼΰ־սһƬΪȻ˳ƨƨߵعȻ֣عִףعԶ˳Դ׵󡭡

ûϵС׾ͳСףһֻʳĺ

ֻ׵һ⣬عΪʲôôɾɾéҲԣ

˵˵ɾͻˡ

ƷΪԷһѾƣ˼ƻƷҲͲˣΪ˸лԷĽ㽫˹뵽˾Ⱦơ

˹پʾ⣺ֳ˵

Ʒ˵ǰʱգعߣ˵ۻ֮ߵͷΣ㿴ϰźڴûЩԭʱµˣڻŹֵء

Ŷ»ɹ֣ܽ

ƷЦ֪ǽۻ࣬͵ԼʰéޣҲǵǴɨ

⡭˹һ£ҲЦҡҡͷҲ̫ˣǻֿ֪éеĶġ

Ʒü֪֣ǿɶڳԾƣ˵Щ֮

˹˼ЦЦǺ棬˲ˡ

Ʒһ⻹࣬˭û»ʺȤ

ԶоʵīԼλоĵ˲ࣺ磡

˹һ⣬ʵʾʵȤ¶Щ⶯

˹˵һ룬ͱƷ缱ϣֿɻǲҪӣعѰô꣬ҲֻϢ֪´λᡣ

˹ͷʣǿعǼʳֿ֪ԭɣ

ƷгɣԵҹǰǳعԪûǳ棬˵ֿ鲼ܷߣǸû˷˿鲼ҲҷɡȻⳡ֡

ŶƷ˵Ļ˹ЩˣҪ˵ûǮ˻ûٿܣȻôĲûʳ֮󻹿βķ׬һʣûǮˣҲǵҪپĵز֮ǰ󺵴ֶȥˣҲӡ

ԣԴӦΤ˵Τӿ֪ԼжΣ

߻Ʒ磬˹룬תͷͱǰ˹ֺõЦЦ

λ磬Ͷſ͵ġ

ΣԽ󣬻Խ󣬷ԶҲԷֱܲӽķ䡭

Զ׽ɹƭڵī磡



ԶһƬĵر˷һ飬ڴ󷽿УֱָСÿС񶼱ٳһӣڵ桭ʺ

磡

һ磬īſӣ˭

ţ嵣ǵ˵СӻǸϽ뿪طɣһȾ߲˿ô죿

СҲ֪ôˣʼŷоҽʦ˵ⶫȾ߲𣿰ιǳˡ

īҡҡͷСһ̧ͷǰķӡ¡

ȿǰĿѾ˼ƻзīѸٵͷ³Ӳˣȥһӡ

ϴ谡Ϊʲôƫƫ˺ְ

ʵõģϾôҲվڱϿţ¶ǱȻܲ˾ˡ

һ칤īԼصУݲݵزϴһӣȻ󡭡

ţճ߶ӻҪ˯

īε̾˿Ҳ밡ţһˣϢɣһעʱġ

ţȫŵ۹ɨīһۣҡҡͷˣīе飬·Լһʦѧ

īλԴֵĸоҡԴ

Ҫ¼½Ľȣÿıͬ͵ʱҲͬЩͷʱҪһԹԵķʽʳֱӿһӶĹīе㷢оһŪÿһӾҪԽȥ

ҪҪҸ㡭Ҫ˭أ

ɡвУɡɲܵ޵׶



˭

īͻȻʣԴ𣬶ΪˣֻҡڵؽſһֱվţʯһҪǻڶûע⵽

ȶԷͷīŶԷԥ

˶壬ͷøˣǡ

īеɻˣôˣʲô

ĬƬ̣˵ǵġ

ǣī±ֱ壬ôˣǷ˶㲻ã

ߴȾԹʣȻī֮ҲΪ˵ûżҲ⡣

ǣҶܺá

ΪҪǣ岻ãҪô죿

ȻǽӸ˻ǻ˲ƽʱķò١

һʲôģ֪дҲûڷȥȷʵҲǮָ£ǹӽ֮¡

īĸ⣺֪ʲô𣿡

֪ʹɡɡ˵Ը̰ʲôʿ

īü˵أɡôļƻһΪ˸ССϲ

ãݲ¾ͽˡ

ڿ˯þˣ

 40 

Ҫ˵عӵ˭ ǷΤĪΤˣȻţ ˵Щʲôģ ˵ΤڱһųҪɰټ֮Τع࣬ ޵ķʸ Ҳ˵һȺڱ顣

֪ һܼ¼ּ٣أôÿдһ򣬹ǷôǷǳͷ۵⡣

Ǳĵط

ΤĹܼһŴ򿪣 Ϊ˹չΤ⣬ Ӧý⣬ӦýĿռȫԱȵڵĴ

һ˻ߵڴ࣬һֱյˮȦģżŽĻҲѸٵˮУ ȦȦΪ˷ȡ飬 ÿԶһѼӣЩѾɣ ˾Щ£Ÿոձ档

˹ǻԣָһŵӣʫӡׯӡࡷʡǡīζһδҪŵͷת򣬵˹˵ȴǻصµǶʱգա޾ӼᶨĿꡣ

ұ߰ڷһָصİںרеż̧ͷվһԵ˹һۣȱȱص¼ͷ¹űʷϵһҳԼӡǡ

ð

˹룬ԱߵĹܼҵ˹ι꣬˹е̾е֮ɫ˵ΣԸڴ˹Ȼ

˹ͬصͷڴ˱飬㲻˼乶һ

ܼظŵͷҸλӿʼɣū㲻ˡ

˹˶٣˵Ҿܾ



ôһ̣ܼҾԼǻˣԷôֱֱվž͵ѶԷȥܼһԼĶ䡣

Ըڴ˹

ҪΪ˱飬㲻ʲôԸɷ𣿣

˹Ͽҵ˵־ڴˡ

Ҫ׵󣬲档

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ЩˣֲµĴͲˣĲ˵ôԼһһ䣬ȴһѡ

˿ҵķ䣬˹ü˸ռµˣҪȴùϵȻһ¹⡣

˹ûеȶãֻȥϴ˸裬ȻعڻȱˮϾҪȥˣȵѩعùܶ࣬˹Ҳǿ鲼պ˵ˮϲ

Ϊ˷ֹٳλѾ͸ɴӻصԼķ䣬ã䵽ֻһˡΪʲôˣ

˹תͷſڣѴкλֵܣ㡭

Էе˵꣬ǳ˽·ܡ

˹ľʣµĻ꣺ѡ

Ϊʲôѡô˰ɣ



ڹī֪˹͋һʷԵĻæˣ

ԣûˣȻ˵о

ԼΪˮƽ¶ڲݵӥ˵ⶫÿĲźÿ

īؿеĲмһˣûīУĶһֻĿͣצȱֺͷӻģ˵ֻѼӶˣеĲɻÿȻҲԭɫ

ʵϣīȻרľ꣬ǶĶеûޣȻϸСѧƤˮƽҪīķɻжɣԻܵʱһͷԵ⡭

˵ΪʲôͻȻأ˵Ҫоôе

ͻȻµīͷ˼⣬ѵÿһīҲͷƣѵôˣɨʲôأ

ī·ɻתȥճ¯ĲҺҪ̹أ



ڣԼΤĥ֮Ҳ飬ȴΪŪ˶ֵǷ·лص˳ʱ⡣

Ԫǰ248ĵعĶΪһ꾭˷͵βͣȻѸʧ249ĺС

 41 

ǳģ 游ոջͱΤȥκˣæʰĵܵ㣬 еƤ Ҫ游ȥսıӸˣ⸸ڶǶ֮У ӵһ߿ϷһߴǷ

ʵҲ游ȥսģ ǲ˵˵Ҫ򡭡

ִһǷ һСͳе󣬱ˣҲջأôɢӻһȫ絽ϡ

Сӣ 㿴ʲôϽȥ

һѸһָ ˡ

˳ָķ򣬹Ȼһ̽ͷ̽ԵСڶźй۲Լϸ֮ʧź

ŭ޾׷ʱﵽԼϵħצ˳㻹ǣԼ

ʮƵʮƣ ɽ

صͷȷ䲢û׷֮ҡڵīġٶȡ

˿̵īѾоеˣ ɡǻڼ֣ɡôߣ īҲȥˣһɡƳأ

õԸīǱֵغܳףֱӰѹڲɡȻһͷ췭ĹС

ȻڵϿӣڸξҲٵؼСߣīȻ뵽֮С

ˮʱйũõˮΪϳ硢Զũˮ

ǳںһбᰵĻ¹졣ZһֱִʹˮˮǰǱķ

顷߰ˡдáмصʹҴͥͭڲڡӣܶǧأų̈ǰ»ϺWˮƽŶתˮ빬ڣʩϱ·ʡ֮ѡע1

Ҳ˵һʼķûõũҵϣ·ˮ൱ִɨˮīɵþ뵽ЩÿڳĴˮһ߳տָһһˮ

ϼأһﲻ˷ڹһ߰Ķлһֻˮ\»\񻰴˵еЩ

īػɿʵԣ񹦣Թ˵񹦾Ƿ㿴ףٿᰡ

ȻֻīһԴʷЩ¹ֻ뾡취Ҫʵ۵עɼֻһַѡ

īԼĶٿٶͼƬķǳ̾һе㱻ˣԼô˸涷

ûīûǿ˸涷һмŸʢˮҲԣʹõʱһվһߵİϣͿӰѺˮൽ󲻳ͬѧаٶȣʵдˡ

ⶫӼªԭҲ򵥣ԭʼīò

īʱţǳӦŵСӣɹˡ

ī涷ӵһߣվ֪ˣȥ

Լֻ涷ʵī˾޴ĴҪ

ǰѾīþˣī̵شӺҳȲվкþò



ˣʲôġϰ߾ͺãīŬ΢ЦɹӺá

ɱҶˣڰ֣Ȼڴؿīʲô涫ˣ

Ҫºòá

īѵؽĿƿװµתƻ⣺ɹʲô£

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ʵϣīѾǵһαʵˣĸÿ춼ܴԶս￴һϽʽƷȭȭڴ֮飬һ飬ҲΪҴˡ

ȻŶľˣīҲûߴԼҿɰͽܣΪ֪ÿһεļ¶ġ

ںΪ˷һ߰룬ֱĩ߸һԱԦΨһоɿʵ̽ľоҲڹԪ415Ĺִ֣һ㣬мɸİأ

ķϣҲɡȵ׵ˡ

ţӵ⣬Ѹٽɡ˹ʵȵɡòƶ㷸ѡ

īеذοûʲôչҲҾʡ

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нȾͺã˵

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ܣ¿խЬҪô׽ȥ

ɡ֧֧Ҿ롭ҪҪɴ㡭ȥ

ȥһ𾪵ظܵˣ

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Ǳȥԣ

īɡﴦߣ뵽Լͽŵϲ֮УһָɴѷҲɡĳࣦ̣𣦳

Ͻī棬Ҳɲܱīϴȥ飡

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ؿԼƣˣұȥ游ˡ

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ڴκֲƣȥʲô

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īĬȥս

ԼԼҵܴܵ˲ֹһΡ

ʮƵһƣ

 42 

һСж˸ô죬 õİ취Ȼǳ

鲻ô죿

Աߵһ˷Ŷī˵ҽҵǮ͸ ҵδ֣ ҵøϽߡ

⺢ȫ֪īôжһֱīǺͳһսߵġ

īԶԱһ˵ֵ̾˿ ǲҪȡˣ ڹŴʮҲˣοҲܣ սȻΣգҲ游Ӧòʲô⡣

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ɵصͷ ȫҪ·ӡ

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Сװ滹ϵһСذСװҩ

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ûҩĿҩīֻҩϸĶĳһ죬һͻȻ뵽˹ļҩһСװҩˮ˺ȵģīǱȥҽַʽûãҽʦʾȻҩЧû󽵵ͣеõġ

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Ȼ˿ϰī΢ЦɹӣڸأθҷŻȥ

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Ǿݱ֪عʱȻǸТ˳ĺӡ

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ջǡԼЦҡͷкһԵΤҲ

Τ߹˿Ҳ̲סЦһ£ϾǴԲֶҪ类ˡ

ĸ常Цʲô

ģҲ˹ī˰ûˣǱīһ硣

ȻͿԼĲԼΤЦĿ⡭

ĶˣŬ⣺ù˺ңкҹˣ

īͷ࣬ܲܵô˵˵ˣֻԼո涷ڻһ뵽Լֳּ򵥵Ķᱻôãо˸ո߳ܡ

ԼЦˣʱҲˣˣ㲻ˣ»뱾һ

ΤīһۣʵīʲôǷˣԼԼ˵

ΤʶȤԼصͷѼӱˡ

ܣֻܿԼĺʷԼĸˣͷ۵ԴһԸոջŵīҲֻε̾˿ʣڿ˵ˣ

ȻоǸ涷ͦҲͦҪģǿī˵Ĳһ¡

Ȼȵī򵥵ذ龭˵һ֮Լͷˡ



ϣ·ͷһƬ׷׶ܣͨеĵ·ǲͬһˣһߺžһ߻ͷԶȥӰ

Ծоǰ

Ѽ鱨ӦǼҡٶȡĹģ֮ǰʲôµĶҲȫпܣķҲǶԵġ

˹ŤͷһھƣţϴǸƷûҾȷʵ

˹һ˲˸߰˰ˣٶȡǵȻΤ

ûλδعة˹˿ִ̾һڶΤʵѾ˺üˣĹûа׷ѣЩΤʲô˼βʲôƷ˹һЩ˿ôȴ˹ϸϸȫ¼

˹һȾƣһߵΤһ߿ļ¼˳㡣

˹Կʼˡ

 43 

һ˻ôأ

˻ھϲ мײţһŭ ꣬ ǣƤᰵ۾кȦ֬ѻ ԴҲʼͺ ԼһЩٻҹƵ࣬С峤֢״

˹Ĺ۲죬 ЩΤȫУ

оԼ֪ʲô˵ء

˹صԼķݣոչ۲쵽Τٶ¼Τ ҪΤ֪ĸھ飬 ǵðϳȥɣ˵ɱڡ

ȻΤ֪£˹ȻļԲȡ

˹Τ£ʱŽ洺磬 ոտһ˹üӴ ֣ڿأù

˹ һȻʣȥĶˣ

ٺһЦȻȥˣ´Ҫһͬȥ

˹ϽҡҡͷɱϼѾӺͶˣʮˣѾˣɾڣοװˣɲܱ衣˹ܾź鵱ȻԽԽáΪ˲ִ󷽣̸ʲôܽϼ䣬̫Űˣ

ֿȤ

ɨˋһۣü츳ȺﻹоӴˣ

˹˵꣬˶һۣһͬЦ

һЦһߴţ⻰˵ġʵҸ˵ȺֵÿұԹ˵ˣ˵⻰û

˹ǳϣȻҪֻ̫ûá

ǣҲҋǺεˣüɫ裬ͻȻʲôùһԿǽߵ˵֣Ҹһ

˹еƣú˵óָʲôȻͿһĻ𾪵һĻ

ȻֶͩУǰѡת֣ܽǹӲдӦòᱻѩnѣ

ŋӣ˵ʵ˹̬õҲ̲סе㼵ʣⶫүͷԡҲãļƻ

ֹþأͻȻ䱳һоһ˿ԾȻһ̧ͷЦе˹ԷЦֻ꣺ֹ֪벻̼ģ

ʿˮʣʲô̼ģ



Τڴﴦ

κսϹطǳ˳Ѿκľǡйȳǣתսʵǿ˳Ļ˵üǡ

Ҳǳ˳֮ǰչطǳ˳˹⣬Ҳ˼֣Ҳû֮ǰôˣǸ涷ҲУ˵Ƿǳˡ

ΤͷŻҲ֪ôˡ

˼ȥǳԼϣûԼĴ

ΤԼ˽ͨȻׯñе㲻صϺǲò˵Ǻˬģһʱ֮Τе㲻Ծ͵µȨϣԼϡ

Τܡ

ǸˣǸȨƵˣʱǷǳģԼҲӸ棬ԼҲΤ̫ŮˣǰգΤɻ䣬һ˺üòŮ˽ȫʮ꽿εεС

ӾյԼͲˬΤ£ΤҵĶⲻϻʲô

Τп˵ʮŮƻȴڲ꣬Լʱоģ֮δµСϣΤҵһԼ۷ĸо֪Լ᲻ȴû뵽Էķӳô

Ȼ˵¸ˣΤȴʼˣһʼԲԼһˡ

뵽ǰһı֣ΤҲʼĻˣȻ֣鲻

ⳡ͵ռȨԼΤû˵Ȩ

һ뵽ΤֿʼΪ£춼û˯þ

ʱΤĹܼҽ棺˹

˹û˵ڷţȫ񣬵ԼһԷʲô¡



ŵ

һ˹ȻˣΤһۣʣк󣿡

˹񣺡뻻һѡ

⻰ըë¹ܼңСôܴ£˹˵ʲôд£ڿɺãһ²ô졣

ΤûʲôеȱȱΪΣ

˹¶֮ɫµΪй񱣬˹ʵ޿̣

񱣿Τ΢˵㾫񣬡ʲô񱣿

˹죺ÿաÿնҪת֣



ΤһûӦ˹ٲԸһ䣬һӡ

ȤΤĬƬ̣ͻȻЦˣԹܼҷԸȥǋʲôҴ

ܼӦ£Τֿ˿˹ȻԷһĿ̰ΤȴöԷ˳֪ˣҸĶɺã

˹ظ˱лˡ

Τڰ֣˹£ӭϱܼҴċԷеţ˹һЦݡ

£ĺϾˡ

ҲܶԷûп˹غСˣҪǵȴ



ڡ

̫ˣ˵кĸơ

Լͭһ黨ԣ̧ۿ˹Ůһۣǵ̫󡣡

ŮӦʵʵصͷ

ˣԼ˷۽ǣɣϡﱾؽ

ŮϽӦŵ

ԼžмʹģҲ̬ǧӰЦһҪΤҪʲô

ΤվڴģԼ˸񣺡̫󡣡

ԼбϣʵĲɯ񵱳⹬һμΤ

˵кĸƣ

ǡ

Ǳɡ

Τͷͷċá

Լ˵ʣҪҿľˣ

Τֵһ̫⡣

ԼһŶǱ㿴ɡ

Ŵ֪ԼϳκĻ֣̿ʵû£޴ӵԼЦһЦתǡһϸߣһƬƤ

ŵϿһ㲼ˡ

һӾ˷ܼתķɿ졣

Τʣ̫Σ

ĬƬ̣󴫳һáִȴȼµ

 44 

Ͽɹ ۸ߣΪɹʣ ߽Կס

ϣ ǧʫ֮ѧ˼ںбܶϿɣ˿̵ΤȻ֪ʫ ʫдΪԼػɻ裬 ̵ظŰԼĸо

˵Ҳʮ˰

ΤĽŲ˶٣ ۾һȷʵе壬Ǹˡ⻰˵ ̫ˣ Ҹ١

ǣСĴýſصΤʼֿʼ֮á



عַ˼С顣

һ£񽫾Ϊ֮ųǻδƣƣɼСսϱֵΪɫع佫ˡ

ڶ£һΪĵ̫ĳ谮 ˵̫Ǩع㶼ӺǶҪˡ

£¿˵һ£ǵҪѡŮˣ ȻѡҲ˳Ұ𶯣 Ͼ֮ļ̳˾ǳӣһҲ׬ˡ

Ϊ£عɧѣʸĻûʸģ̸ĵһΣͷоˮīжš

˵µīȻǺܾģȻãͷСīҲԺɶɣô˵īлǴôɬؼǣʮ꣡

ðɣʮڹŴڵīǰʱī˲СĳһԼİײҪ˵ĸоȻǹײ˵λ

īôôᣬʮ껹̫ˣҪһûholdڳɫô죿˿̵īһΪʵۺ󹬵ǵϳһӾԶ󹬣վǰīԼܶȰ졣

Ȼվǰʱī˵ˣԭҪֻһ㣬׼ȷ˵Ӧǻǰ־֢

ǰ֮ɫīûסҪЦ˭ܹ뵽ǧ˵ʼھһδµС֣

ǿīڱЦŭīһۣīһסһ߰ڰ֣ðɣҲЦ㣬ϾʱƬӶûУǸ˵һЩۣ˭Щֻţо仰˵ĿֻԴΪ֪

㬵ˣҸ˵ֲ

īзЦ뵱ҲŮѵ˺Ȼû浶ǹʵҲ㶮öࡣ

īû˵񻹲ӣǻһ䣺ʱ֪ˡ

Ҳ顣

ûӦţ

īظһ飺Ҳ顣

Щ𾪣ΪΣ

īҡҡͷǲҡ

īΪǰŮѣǰ̣īѧ˷£οϱȻŮϵģԶԶû氮ĵزīվְ飬ѡһϵŮѣ첢ûиᡣ

īף֪ԼʱվиҵģʱһܺõĴ߻ǰҪд߻ĿܣһδϴԶܽǧ

Ȼ⣬һѻ𣬿վеĶƶʷḶ̌ȻеģīΪûįʵҪ֡

ȥȰȰīѾܹ߻īæֹ˵ңԼɡ

ƲƲ죺ôˡ

īһֹ˵Դ²̫ǣ˳Ȼá

ǣ˵õɡ

ûԹ

īͷͻȻ뵽һλеĶȤζģԹ˵էҲԶò֪֮Ҳһһݣ̬Զӣɣвüߣʮꡭɻǵó檡ע1

ī˵üƤһѧʲô

ī޹գգۣЩõӿ

˳죺ڶУ˱ɫ֮ͽ

ī²ۣѵǣΪ˸߿ҡ˺𡭡ī˵ֻΥԼģȻǣǿЦ

īƵôôöԷĿڲһû֤ݣֻܸɰͰ͵ΪԼ֤˲ˡ

īϵصͷǡ

ԷӣܵסԼʲôīӰ

ˣīͻȻʲôԥ̫

Ц⵭ĸͦãһ˶ѣܱԭá

ī΢΢ۣǣҪΤְ

Ҫԭīһ䣬īѾȫվһߣȻϣԽԽãīû֤ݣʵ޷ڣֻʱĻȸȥʱһ˵

ٶԣ¹еף˿ͼ

īع½עеϵĵͼ̸о·ߵģ֮ǰĴ˽Ҫʲôˡ

īͷŵƹ⿴ϰŵĵͼŵͼīϤīǻ͵һڷһСӴعľӡ

ʵīɳ̵ģʵޣ߸ҵɳīīֻź

常빥ȡ˵أȻ˾òףī֮񽫾ùȡĳǣ

Τѡĵط󣬵طע󣬿ΤǿطԴ˵һĴ㣬ǲ⡣

ī룬ʷϵļأָһط

ϲһ

ҪΤīĵط϶Ҫƿڴ֪СԴۣ֮Ϊī˶ʮǣ

ЩǳزûкܶԴīصǵսƣֻҪȡЩǳأعֱӽԵϱϵ

ʷϵΤʵҲ£ȺκǳԼʮ֮ûôʤ֮ǰͻȻ˵ҪԹĶʮǳأȷʵͦ񾭲ģò֡

񾭲һ֮䣬ˣīδ֪ƣҲŵУǣ˾ô͵͵عδĿꡣ

ȶһСĿ꣬˵ȴʮǡ

棬īͻȻ˻֣һعֿɻԣǲ㻹׼

ؿīһۣ֪ˡ

ī̸˹׼ûзһӰβӰ̫ˣֻһӶǵҲû

 47 

ñҪ磬 û£عӺ ܿס ˡ֮µĺͱȽϲˣһ֮ɵضǳأ ֮ǰģ һʮǣһ ԭͲôĹұøӺ

ʼԥҪҪԼҶ˵ʱعľӵͷκոհعݲеκϽүȥعˣ һγ֣ һعеˡ

һ棬ԭʳѾʼˣôһӱȻȳԵĻҪ࣬һ棬ֲֹعȺǻǨģ ÿҶٶܵӰ죬ÿҶȱʳ ʼ̫ˡ

عʹһbugһ֮ī˺ʵˮ

ھ涷֮ īо΢ÿһˮȻȻҪЧˣīſ߶˴ˮܹ裬һоˮתȻֺòˡ

ˮתˮģˮתΪˮߵҪӣԽԽԽãȻعɵƤηˮɽĻƺعһʱܶСϪõȻڻߵһƣװҲûá

īʹ˼ʹڻҵ˺ʵˮˮ

ˮƳҪþǽˮˮȡȻ벻ֶôһͰͰˮһ㡣

˵ҹˣ

͵͵īˣԴīֲ֣Ҫ˵û߷īţīҲ£෴ϵ˲ٺôöͻԼܹ

˵ʵٻĸоرˬ

ị̄Դض˵ϲҡ

ûī˵꣬ʹô֪£

һЩɻ󣬲ûгͻɣЩϲ

ţʲôô֪

īһ£ԴϲɫЦݣīŷһЩԾ˵عֻ֣Ӧ÷ĵغܣɻûü˵ˮ£֣߰Ҳû˿öʲôôôģ

ī̽ϲ£

Ǹոչϲôʣ

ֵؿīһۣȻЦīԼˣΪȻϿϸһЦݣȻʵīûп

Ҫˡ

īѲӵµˮģ͸飬ŵʣʲô

īΪʲôôкһ£ǵīͻСǳĵظһ飺Ҫˣģ

ȫû׼ŶʮѣҪˣһִ˸ܲ˺

īҲٶȹյĳڣϧдݣīҲһֱ֪յʲôʱģǱʶҲҪȵʮһд֮֮ͻȻͱĳһգīеܲܡ

ڴīֻܸЦףأȻģϲ

⻰һͨɵְһīɵЦ˵ĺϻ۵ĺӡ

ī뷭ۣǣȻǵʮ˸Ӿ˸ȻȫΪ׵ϲ֮Уûע⵽īı飬ܻī

ɵɵֺ˰죬ŷӦһʼΪ˹˵ĺӶϲ

ôǵ£ī⣺ǣ¶֪顣

ǶΪ£

īܽԼˮóˣ÷ݲݸһߣ۾Ȼؾͷˣãع㲻庵֡

ˮԺãԻЧνúػȣȳԭƣرɣѱ㼫׷һ࣬Ϊȳׯڣֹ֣ʪʧΪһ취

һȳҪΤҪؾٰһܾĽڶûУȳԭܲ⣿

а취λȳ棿

īҡҡͷΣôܣܰƸˣȲ˵ܲ𣬾ˣϵȫûˣ̬ϵͳȫ߱

еźɫǣһ껹ãҪǼģǹҲסա

īԥһ£С˵ҪʵڲСԡԻȳ桭

ȻīСī˵Ļ˼˵ʲôԻȳ棿

īڨڨһЦûˡ

Գӻе棬ǻսкܶܲˣûǲҪΪá

īһû˵֪ʲôīľսġ

ˣ²ᣬ⣬ùˮģͣһֻصɵ׵̬˿ɴߣغӶϲ

ˮīһҵľȻþּ֣ѷȷʵϲߡ

īˮеۣǵͷǺͦϲģ͵ǰˡ

ƺʲôˣ֮ǰ˵ħҲΪȤϧ˵ڶûƴԭ֪תǺӣ

ħģ˭͸˭ʲô£û¾ͻČmĹŮȥ

һ£ո߳ţֻͷԸī¶⴫ĸһϲ

Ȼ֪ԼΤ͵飬ԼѾˣΤһ棬ҲʼеĽ١

īǿջЦصͷ֪θеۣΪīͻȻһ£ԼǸӵģԼڿҲС

֪īеľᣬǳغãսһ˳⣬ҪҪˣһжϵǶ˼֣ҲӯȻߵʲôǸôأһӾͱԶˣڵϷɳɳĦ

ӻʾ£ȥʲô

Ͼͱ˹ֻһ򣬵ҹĵ·ôһأ·ʱ򡭡Ŀһ˷١



̴ӿûӦСѣعع

ҪдʲôԷʲô

ݺܼ򵥣泭Τ빬Ů¼ǸŮǱˣǻӵĹŮ

ޱؽˣȻ֪ߵŮ˲ɾ϶ΤֱʣԷֶע̫СˣڶԷܲ鵽٣Ը档

 46 

һ˵ϲҪģ һ˵׵ʱ˻̲סѸȫ磬 ԴҲף īǰɪ֮һֱѰ˼ôԼĸ˵¡

бϣһô˵ üŤɸһԼĸ֪֮飬 üëֵ

ߵĹŮɽк棬ʵʲô

һߵĹŮ һѡŮɽвƯʤڹɶ£Ȼ֪Τˣ Ը

ĸ˵ӵ£ ĸһϲ

ɽʶԼĶӣɬЦЦ̫һΪĵġ

صͷȻ

һ仰У˵ܲٲܲپ͵ôĸһϲĸ˷ţȻд͵ģȻЦÿģ ܵīķ˽ѣΪ˵Լ͵ܼƻ

īͷ棬 ò˯һΣôƻˣ īûһֵؿ˷ܵʣ˵ʲô

ҪȥӺԸ֪ĸ󣬴±ܣҡ

ī򣬾ǿʲôһ֣˵ˣΪī˾Լһ˴˵̫ĵλһг׾ٵ£ͻȻΪһгֻͣ˵һ£ԼѾԼеĶˋѾԵˡôˣԼض࣬ʶظ࣬ΪʲôͻȻԋˣкˣܻʲô

īŬһ£Ȼ֪Ӧʱ򣬸Ӧûִ

ˣô죿ô죿

΢΢һЦг񣺡붷ҪıհճٶȡʱīתӺǱɡ

īһٳϷԣָúһ

һʱȻǿӲ˲˵ҲҶʡ

īȰ

˾һĸ󣬡īĻģһĺӣ֮¶ǣΤڡҲˡ

īӲһīȫû뵽ģ֮ǰԼΤȾǿԼԼԼ뿪ΤĽָ֮ϾĺͯʱֻԼһֱ

īˣѵ˵á

۾˲ˣںҹ֮īҲϲ֮飬īֻڴԼҪ̫

ȥ·ȻյһǹŮΤѾյüΣѾϰΪôżǿʼĳ飺ΪʲôΤôЋˣ

˵䣬ǋ⣬ҲһҪȥһӺǵԭ֮һ

̫ҪΤֻܽīĹǸģתīΤûüӣ治͵͵ȥĸֻϣϣĸ󲻻ʧ

ŵﾲؽȼգԾйϣҲлķ



ӺǣعĹ294ܹ꣬19λعִͰ˴¹ػݹ

ЩϢӺһʷĳǳأȻΪĵתƶʼ˥ܣҲҪСǳطٵضࡣ

ӺǣСں˾סˣӺǾҲʲô˵ȫԳΪعĵڶ

γɲΪӺǵģٵķΣ̴ͿͿĨĨͭԽԽİףͻȻڵ͹ˡ

̴֣һԵȴԸ

һڣȥĸ󣬹˵ķˡ

̴ӵͷŵ

һеĲѹȥʼصȴȴʱҪ̣ܿͼĸ

ĸȻеӣӷʱ޶ָ߰һ㶼ǳ̰һʱԼòʲôһֱĸÿˣҲȻôãһ

ĸûϳ

ΪˣټϻױοԼȻ󿪿ڵ̫󣬴иš

ԼĲɵ˾䣺кҪ˵

Լеگ飬ǳ󷽵ؽΪ˳źӴԺԺ̫ԭǋķأӺǵһӦ鶼ڋʹͣӺǾȫ͋ġ

˵Ҫкˡ

Լگֶ˶٣ʣкˣ

һĸûеģЩң˶٣˵ڵ˻ȥ̽ʣ̫Ҫ

Լһսگһʶסӣͻȥ˵岻ʣܻ

µٶһӣǱŵˣû

ԼûУ

ζ˶٣񣺡ŵ

ȥԼ˿ְ˰ڣ漴ԸߵĹŮ

ȭͷ漴תȥȻ⡭



ϵЩۣ̲ס۾ʧȥӾڵĻ

ʲô

±֡

ĸ󣬷Σ

Ҫкˡ֡

Σ˵ΪĸӣӶһ

˵˱֡㻹֪кӡ

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

˵ء

޿̣һƿһһŮª̬һԭƤҰŶǻεƤƤϵŰฯõġ

ǿԼԼĸ󣬲ԣĸĸӦ߹ģʹ΢ĴҲȻܹĸ߰һ˵ĶƤ£˶ĵ¡

̫£˹ߵ߸žֵˣǹ˲ԣ˶λ¡

Լ˲ͣ㡭

̫ǵãҡҡͷվǲ̲ȥԼҵͣ˴ϣ¹Ҳ˵ʲôˣֻ̫ҪףѾˡ˲жֵܽá

˵գתߣԸȥԼӣϲǱѾںˣĸڴ̤عһ̱ѾˣֻһŮˣªֿɱ

 47 

īΪ ˹ŴͿ˯Ȼʵһʹ Ѿþû˯þˡ

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īþýݲؽ»ĲܸͨɵģûǸ£ٲҪסˣԼķſ泪裺Ѿܲ졭

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ֻ˵īķǳؼ򵥣װﶼû٣ üƽʱ㣿

ԼķīȻǲˬģīӹĵԋµ֪˶٣ ֪ĻӦúŶԣ֪ĻӦûܷŭŶԣ ôʲô

īĲɵػӦҲЩ

īȻЩֻյԡȻʱʲôûУīŪöʼ

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ǶʱȷʵЩΪΣΪд˶ҽǴ붷ģֺٶһ

ɻǵã˵ԸΪ٣˻ǳڿĴԸ

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㲽볯ð벽²߽УµĶˣҲڣ

ī΢Ц֮¡

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˹һúڽ·֮ǰһֱʹ˹һδһϣΪѾ׵˼ʮˡ

ȴʱʹģǶ˵ӺķѾ˹˸Ƿ۾֡

򲻸ˣ˹ڵȵȴܻȥһҹܸ档

Ȼһεûһߣ˹شŵĵƹ⿪ʼ

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֪ˣһ֣

ѹ֮ǰһ֪ôؾʹʱֵһȷû˾ͼ˻ԷʵһֱڵȷһֱԱߵţԾôһƽֱӽ

Ȼ˹һ꣬

Լʱڴ˴棬˿ղײգڴ˿Σ

Էб̸ԼҪ·磬˹ΪԼĬƬ̣ȻָѡûдһֵͶľ

˹Ҳߴ٣ֱӴӰ߳ƾԷ˹ˣ

Щü常ˣҹ˸ʲô

˹вУͶǳԶ֮ƣ˹

Цһƾ㣬ƾ֪Щ±вˣ

˹˶٣ЩԾ˽ϧŵˣ۽Ҳܿͷǳ˵ĵߣ

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֪˲֪¡

˹һѵˣ

ӿ϶ˣ˹ҧʣҪΣ

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˹㶣˵Ļ̫ණӦ˹һе㲻ţ롭ʾ

һ˵ڸһ׳¾ɵµĶ˭Ƶ˭ܴڸǣƵĻ֣̌ͷ˹һۣԷܼ׻˿µĶ޷׾򣬹Ҫһѽһѷܿ谭Ľ

ԭѽӦīģī˵ǣʼ᲻ˣ߲ֻʣīˣԸīҲʼĿȫǣҪһµˣҪԶ˲ֻ࣬˹

˹ûй¶˵ֱ֮ãƽϻȥζЦѡ

ԸΪ˽ָ֮֮

 48 

˹ûʧ ڵϳõĵһ͹ȻΤԣΤⲵȥ ʲôĿ޾ϡΣáȵɣ ˹һ˵һΤһһס

ԭһֱΤֵ𾴵ʱһҲûվ常һߣ̬Եͬ˹˵Ļ

֮ ΣĴ 常Ī¡

һʵʵΤа壬еζԶ Τһ㶼⣬һ˵ĸо

Τٿ˹˹ηӭΤĿ⣬ һ㶼û±Τϳõӣ Τû취ıȻΤȨƺܴҪȫһǻǿԵġ

˵ǣΤ̬֮ǳ̹Ȼò ǲΪ˼ǲܣ»ɻ

Τͷ常ҲΪع£ ˻лл常

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ȻСʤΤһȴûжٵ⣬ǷǳȻؿʼһ顣

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ȻûмҲûлعôһֱפԹǰŤͷͷַӾܻشվˣһֱӵ̫ӵҪعġ

Ȼǲֱ˵ԼعҪӵģһڣ˵ԼϲǰعɵĸճɾԼعӣȻߺûʲô߼ϵ߹һ㣬һϲ˲ŵĸо

ΤʲôԭΪһˣıܣȻں̫ӣһܴعĺôǲٵģôˣвõĵ

˭ȥǸ⣬Τһ۴ãѸһˡ

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ΤѡƵȻԭģһ佫ԹƬأγʹ뾭ԹΤƶԹȽס

Ȼо仰гҲΣҲΡ

ƴܹԹ٣֮ǣɱƣʹ͸֮أƾˡ

ʵ˼ҲˣҪΤһȥԹ˵˼һܸˣΤ͸̶ӣƿɾͲӦˡ

룬ǾܾΤΪԣԹ½Թڳԣ֮ء֮ؾԣѵΡ

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Ȼǲɢ͵¡

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Ϊζ

Τ̧һͿһСվǰΪϳɵӣҪƽʱ˵ΤȤ˵䣬ΤͷϣһСȫޣӻ־ߡ

ȥȥȥһС֪ʲô

СӱΤҲգǺؼΤ˵¸ޣï֮ҲΪſͣΪſΪ֮ιʸϸߣ

ΤŭЦǱ㽫Եظ޽һ飬ҪС˵ʲô

ԭίͷ룬֮

֣ΤľһģȥԸô

죺ʱΪ֮ʦعԯīʮƣʮ࣬βԳ߳ң

޲ıΤע⣬԰īΤôͲһޣ

ˣһ԰ɡ



һߵī֪Ѿ㵽øˣڷһ¡

֡

ʵ˵ȳǸö859ֵĻȳҩʳõҪ֣йȾһ֣ӪḻۣζϺḻĵʡ̼ˮ漤صȻʣάABCסơп̵΢Ԫء

һβҩůθƢʳֹ֮ЧݸĿأȳ浥ûʹƶּ˷硢С硢ȡƽ͡׺ͷֹѪܼȡע1

ԣȳҪôźóԣ

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ӣ⡭

īҲ˰֣ʾû裺޷Ҿһԡ

ţԼÿ춼ҪΪīһٱ顣

īһȳԼͣȻζô

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＾ĻȳΪ֥ͷĳȣٽʳķУȵǶըɫ̳ĵϱʳá

ţζһ㡭

Ҳֻһѣûܹ˾޵ĵز

īеӣε̾˿û츳ɡʵĻˣ˭ǵÿڸаеĳԾˣֻǿһȫûζҲûϵī֮ôȳζΪ׼Եġ

ν±ɣֻҪˣع½ܳԻȳ᷽ضࡣ

ʵȻȳζѣīҲԸɪһ£첻Ҳû취ҲǴ¡

ī죬תͷţ˵ţΪת棬

ţīһ㶼⣬ţҲī֪£ţ廹ЩȵģīΪʲôͻȻͽҿݣ

īܿ͸ţ𰸣ţĪҪἰ¡

ţ彩һСҪԻȳ棿

īε۾ţ˶٣ȻȻá

ԲˣϾīҲųģôҪûвӦĵӦòİɣ

ţЧȻܿ죬˳ֱٶȹ߻һֻ˹

īã˹˵˵īóԣ˹Ƥˡ

ţû£ԡ

ǰĻȳͣ˹ԼЦҲסˣ˭ܸΪʲôò׵ˣһٺõľȻǻȳ棿

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ڵĻ ˹ڿȳһ̿϶Ťͷˣûгī һԻȳԵؽζ ˹һȳ濴ܺóԵӡ

̲סһֻоزըʳƷ񫣬 ο⻹˹һԳԣ һֿûУǱ˵ڶֻֻ

ī ɵûƬȻʱޣҲ֪ӡڰ˷ûС

߳Աй˵Ĵͳ ˹һ߳Żȳ棬 һת÷ɿ죬Ѹīԭ

īӿһ֣ˡֱԣع½ԻȳΪʳҲȺ١

˹˵⻰û⣬ȳȷʵǳԲġ

ں罻о˵ й˶ǳԻܰһֳԵ֣ Ȼʵȴˣʵϣ Ϊԡ֣˵ݡ

ִ֮йѾټΪйרŵԱרżȻһݻΪȺƱȡʩ

֪˲ˮнǿ߻ȺععֻؿŻȺŰգīһֻȳ棬ָ˵˵ײһȺӣΪξͲԸһ

հݻʲôīҲˣΪʲôϲҲֻ֪ȴӸԴϻ֣

˹˶٣ʣһ

˹ʣīǷǳǶģϾԷǺǳةࡣ

ֱ˵Ƶķ϶ǲеģī룬ôʷ߶ȸԴѿ

֣ҵ֪Դ

Ȼ滹û֣ʱѾ˺һĸӾֳʶһֱ̾ôķһֱ֡

ѵֱ䷢չˣкˮ֮˵ī˹˵ֱӰӵĻǵо仰ν֮Ϊηηţ

˱㲻ᴥŭ죿

Ϊ룬Ϊƾζŭtenderlines

ī˹ֵĿԣһֱһֱī˹ʵ˭˵˭תĴ㡣

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һԵ˹û˵СӼƽϡ

Ȼī˰춼ûȵĻӦʵϣЩԥ

ԼλһֱֲϣΪӦЩ˱ѽͷöҲ˲

Ǳسˣ֪ȳԴ٣ҪֱӸԤֵγҲʱġ

īû뵽һֱδ½õȻ顣

ʵҲ⣬Ҫ˵˭ţǴǰţعٸ츣ɵһҪ˵Ų֡

ʷϵһìܵˣԸĸǰµȴõ챣ԭʼľηǾ¡

īһ仰˵ԭأ޷ܵӣοȳʳ¹֪ˣھԴͷ㲻ˡ

ī죬̧ͷһһȻصλϲٶһ䡣

ĪطһЩ͸о񹼸īīӣӦɡ

ͷ

ϣţ˵īǰҹֱԼ۾ЩʲôȫǻȳĸϰԼķ

򵥵Ļ񣬵գٵˮͣÿһַд÷ȱ㣬Ҫִȥá

īؾصعǰ뷨ǵĻȳϰԽǶһ˹۲ģķҲǶһ룬Ҳֵֻܹһ˵ͷϣ޹ء

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ɴͶһأЩҲᲨعʧˣҲʲôʧǳɹˣҲȻύ˵ء

īԽ˵ԽСʧֱУԼҲ֪ΪʲôԽ˵Խ顣

˵ˣ

īСһۣš

һߵüë˲Ը

Ϊʲô

˵īӦǷŭˣȴĪظоί˵ôˣΪʲôǲͬ⡣

ɹ



ʲôīŵ̧

εһЦ˵زˣ˻ʲô˵أ

ȻţҲǸ߰

ҪīеȫӻҪҪˣ

 50 

һ˵ Ŵ඼԰ģǻԼӿô죬 ˵һ췢ŭһ߻Ҫҧȳ ٱ˵һҪһ˵ĸޡ

˵Ʋһ£෴ڸ˵Ƿǳ򵥵£ ֻǽºͰ򵥵ؾٸӡ

Ӧԣ 䰲֮ȥڶʡźУ ֪ӡ

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ƿһ۸ޣվˣȥˡ

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ϲԣ һСڲУ˵һôСŵıأҪҪģ

Ǹ޾͸Τύʱһµ񣺳ʹԹ

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ʹԹ²ΤһܾģôҪͬ⣬Ը޻ͨĲ顣

Ϊˣ˳ֵ׼Ժģ˲ֹһʲôҪӦʲôκش

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ؿһе㲻֪ĸޣСΪ˲֪ôģҪѹİ˱ﲻ㣬ʲôĹ˼öˡ

ĵһ棬ʤһա



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˵ڵȴعʹߵĹ̵һεɻ ô˵ʱﱻ˰ĳŭˡ

عڿ𣿾˸ôСĺϷŪ

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 52 

һѵصʱȴֺ軹û˯ ΢΢üһ뵽īյи࣬ ֻô˯

Ůɽ¡Ķӣ һЦһֱ˯ţԱߣ Ҳ˵һֱš

ΪжЩף ʵ㲻ϺÿۿԼŵĺӵʱ԰׵ϱ᷺𵭵ĺΣ ʣӣΪżʹࡣ

΢΢һǰɽߴµͷ ɽ̧ͷ ü䣺û˵ϣ⺢лŮء

޷˶ϲ

Ȼõ𰸵ɽȴЩʧǿǺã檱ŽΪָء

üôͻȻˣ

ɽ˵ͰؿͻȻͶˣڹŴ иĴʿ˵Ƿǳͣͷ̥Ůˣ ɽһ⣬ӵֶ֪

Ťͷ㿪ɽעӣ ɽзգкɻзΣ

иĸ״һӣԼ֪Ķ࣬Ǿе֪Ķĺӡ

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ЩįɽĶӣΪɣǳΪϧǸεĸȴѾˡ

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˵ر٣ุܶںӳ֮ŻԺӵİ⣬Ȼ˵һʼͶԺӵĵֵطǳʵֻһʸУʶسе׵Ρ

˸ʾоĹ˲٣ַӾܽ꣡

ȻֻĴʵֱڶ賿ŴС

ڽ鶼ɬ۾ץʱȥߣ컹Ҫ͢飬øϽָٿһɽ¡Ķӣڰĵ˯



ȵĺʾԵѾȫ˯֮Уĺأ˵Ե˺ۣҲζ˯úܳǷǳĶûܹ׽ѡ

ɽС߹絽ӽѾϨ͵ƵһӾͰѷԴͬʱǴʲôһһ룬ţô˾һûз

ͻ֣ᷢЩ˶ǵΤߵˣȻ˯Уһ֪

ɽɫ԰׵سŶӣһû˯˵Щˣһ㲻Ѷùץλᡣ

ŮǷ׷׵ͷȻδĬĬǵʱ䲻࣬Τڵš

һежǰͶѽɽһ飬ȷİڷŶ֮ǰ֮תὫҡѡ

ˣˡ

ƣǿӭһĿ顣Ȼıסˡ

˭ܸΪʲôΤڽڻֵ뷨һģһ

Τûѿɫڴ٩٩̸йػȳĸȳĲֵγɣֵΣлֵĴʩʱŭŭȳعĸʧʱ̾ŵİ֮࣬ҪԻȳչԵ

Ȼ᲻Ȳ죬и߸ţȻûɸ߸ߴˡ

ҧΤ˵лΪԼڸΪһ׶ʱ׼յžҵǿƽΤʵ常ǴӺε֪Щġ

Τ΢ЦҡͷһʵĺһϵعЩǳԼһһģᣬҪ󹬸£ȻûʱЩġ

ô˼ôô

ΤⲻҪ׼͸յˣǷҧһ̰ɫ

ڵվٴȥ̲סΤʶԷΤô׵طŹʣҪճ黹ûء

Τҧһһٵ㰴常˵

 53 

˵ȡ֪ʶɹڹȥδһ˸оǳĵ£ ɾͱĵˣֻҵˡ

֪µ˲࣬ Τ֪ôҲѡС˲ٷΧ ܿ˻ɶī֪࣬Τûκϵ ԿԺС˹ɾͷǳˣ һ˹֪ľͶ࣬һǶԷΤſ͡

ۻ˹ڳã ԷԾӲα

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ȥīɡKDTCDJZL



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׼ףˣȴǵʤʵΤȡˣڰҽΪ˲˭Ǵع괩ˡ̽ϡ𣿣

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˷Ƕ֮ԡ

ʵ˹ѾȷĿ겻ͬīȷʵ֪˭ǱߣųԼų˹ųȻǳط־ʣ˯һķпܡȻĬĬؽɽҲųˡ

ī˿һڤ˼ˣԼ͵͵ؿСŹ۲ֳɲι޹

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īϸϸιÿһϸڣȥһȻ˵Ժ𾪺

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ΪһҹרҵīʾȫܹĶжһ˰˶ҹ϶ͨˣҪȻôôһ㣿

 54 

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ȥɽ˽ ͳ̴ӷԸȻתͷһ԰ī˹ȳȥţ֮¹˻һͬ顣

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Ź˯ʱһĵƣ˵˵ڸʲô

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ΤĹ֪û뵽˴󵨡

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̲סǹ˵ĺӣҲĺӡ

ɽǵ˵ͷͻȻ䣬оԼһϾһֱѹŵĻȻŭƣ㡭ǶĸףԵ𡭡Ե𡭡𣡻ˡ㣬ǶԵ𣡡

еһƬ֪ΪĺƽΪԼ֣ԼģɽƽͰģȻԼغɽغһ̲סطġ



˵ϣץһԵɽӹȥɽƭ㣬Ķڵϣžɢһء

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˵ˣȥƣĹ˲ܣΤĴӦģճһ

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ͫ΢һʱ֮ȫ֪ô죬ֱǴܸ飬ʶعԣŸϽɽ嵽ſڴš

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ӵڴʱ ˵ˣī̲סȥǸոճķա

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ϲ ŮɽһСӣűŻ޵ķ񣬡뱧һ

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ȻԳ󣬵ûԸⱧһ·գ ܾԸΪſſģ һСľ

īһصͷǲҪȽϺãûţԴڱأ

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īɫԣЩģǰѯʣû°ɣ

㱵ؿ˿ԷȷԷī㵹ͷȥǰһİҹĴϲ󱯣ڻǿסˡ

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Щ£ һݿ˵ʱʵʶģ㴦У ȻʧȥӾ ĸ֪ȻڣԵīʱԷľԼʹīڵ֧Ų˽ӽģʵʵҵ˵ϡ

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ī컨޿ϣ



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սǲпģ Щ˰ΪսΪ׬Ǯ棬 Ǹ˺ ΪսõҪΪۣЩһ㶼ɵײе

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ʻƽ˼·ƽ͵͵һСͳԷҲֻǳ˳Ƥͱ۾ƽ΢˵

ʱˡ

ŶаìɲãôĶžͷһ˵ȻῪҸһȥ

ƽԼࣺС

ȻϹĬôζҲһ޼ɵ

ƺҲʶԼΪĲףڨڨһЦҲٶ˵һ䡣



ӪУһشŹսҪҪߡöҪע⡭ԼüëҪͺӴˡ

ʱĲཫ˽СʿȥԷˡ

ͷػӻ֣ȥȥȥСҸ

ཫЦЦĩСǸӡ

ӣһƲ˻ȥ˲ཫһۣСӾͻƨǻСӶʲô⹫񶼲뿴

ཫЦҿ봦ǽɣ

С֪ʲôûȷʵϲǻСһԸЩ£ǱǻСӲ֮ͬ

һҪƴԶǵģԼĶһӵսЩҪһƿأǽ縺ӵΣԲϲ񣬵ȥ

ֻԸ⵱һʿҲ˷Ѿ˵ֱӰӵսˣǻҲԼ

ԼҵСӻԼףעҪΪһģĶҪ࣬ǽҰսϣѹ

񽫸ϳӪʣȻ̾һӴɱ游ʧ

 58 

վǰ ɫĻ͸ϣѾԥþˣ õҪֱӰȥ֪ͨɽˡ

̲ȥҪ費Ҫͨʱ һ뷨



Ķӽĵغã ҹɫϻľȲû˸ͬʱ ¶ĽӪʣ֮ǰʵѾҹˣ Ѿˡ

ҪǰʧܹκǾȡ裬ʵû취ˣʵ̫ˡ

СӶӣ ķȻܴ ´ûŹֱڡ

Ϊܿ࣬ᰤһǰֱ¾Ȼᷢ游ľ

Щ켣ͨʿУҲ˲˶ϲٵĻɣȻԼ游ˣ ʱܻ฽Ʒ绳ɡꡢԹޡЩͬһһڲھ֮У ȾÿһˣҲ⣬ ˵˵񶼲ɵÿʼ

Ȼ㶼ʼɣΪʲôֱȥʽƽֱʵҲ񾪿ֵ񣬡ʵзӰɣ

㡭ô֪ô֪ҵݣ

ƽ˸ۣ㻹浱Ϲģƾһڰ;Բƽ

ȷʵڴȷʵЩס

ĬĬرԼ죬ƽҲ˵ֻȰһ䣺һ룬㻹Լȥ˽һ˵㻹ܰ⡣

ƽļ˼ԥھȥһƽ˵еһ棬Щܲˡ

ȻͱһԼµһ仰

Щٸ̸£

һؾͱ˳ȥŻĶЩᣬôתתҪİ



һº

īľƣȻԹʰ·硣

治ʼʣŹһ¾ȻȣֻֻԪ谲ܱȵϰɡ

īźѾʼðſڡ

ֽддͷҲ̧һ£īĻǿһſ죬īһӻƶ

ԴīóֽͱӡһȫĹ

졣

ҧڡ

ȥ

ʳֱ㶵ʣ۾գһ¡

˷һƶι꣬īʰ׼ȥͻȻһץסī°ڣ˾Ҫд仹ǲôһ㡣

īôһץĶˤˣ˶ȣץúΣǷ˵öԡ

ûʵˣ˵Ҹ

˵úá

ʷΣ

˵

ҪѰͷ

˵ɡ

֣īڵÿս͵ſڵ̴ӣȻ̴ִӹһʯصڰѡĹ

īԼھ飬عڸ ˾࣬ȻôسеķݵĹȴʶûУҪпǮġٶȡԶ겻ţſ졭

īһ߰̾Լҵһڿؽѡ͵ֱߣǽһҪĵġ

鲻Ըطֽţص򣺡˺޲ô˿ع±ֽͨš

īЦã̫Լˡ

ÿɷʿʼģȻëʵNγˮʧ̲ܺסȻֽɷʣ

Ҫֽأ

ʣ

īŵˣЩᣬ̫߿ˣʵʮһͶṷ̂أνƷǵԼ̣ҿ첻

ԼҪȷʵЩ֣Ҳû˵ʲôֻüͷԽԽñպīˮĶҲԽԽֱīڿۣһѱַʣպīд

˵ô꣬ȷʵʵī̫ˣֽҲҪˣҪ취ŪǦʳ

ī˼ͻȻһʷϲ˵𣿺ʱڵ㣬Сأ

˵ܲٲܲپ͵īôһ£ڶյ˶Էţǹڱʵģǹʳ

ī˳죬˭ܻشΪʲôͻȻעع⣿

 59 

īǧ͹˳˼֮У Ȼʼ䶼ڹعũҵ⣬īǿŵҪԭ

Ϊʲô᲻

ī˼Ƭ̣ е±ʣ Ϊûش⣬Ϊԭʵ̫ˣȫֱܹдһģ ССһزعĿ԰

 īǸһʲôʳʲôϡΪ ʲôŴʵǮ򲻵ʳڲΪʲôعȱʳ⣬ȫʳ⣡

սսʱһǧ嵽ǧս˴ ڿ¶˱ս˻Ҫ࣬ عľ˿ֱưعս֮⣬ҲҪԭڻ絽սϲһ

ҲΪˣعԾӵ֧ҲԽԽʳô࣬ ˿ڵ𽥼Ҳ֮٣عҲֻܿԴ һ湥սսһѹʿĿ Ա֤ڴ̵ʱܳԱ

ȻīĴڻعһԴĵ·ԯ磬λ֣оûͣȻ𽥷С

ЩֻʳԴ⣬ڹҲһ޴⡣

ôľӣÿһʳҲ٣ټϰ·ĽٷԼй͵ϮҲ˵ʳҲҪһֻӵġҲ˵·ϾҪԵһѵʳȥʱҲҪϿİ֪·ĿİĻʳ

ЩȻܶдһЩյ֪ٷźģһ֣ӵп𽥱ɻ¹عܣñ˿ʵīԸ˵ôණݸǲ֪Щġ

īҪΪҲŲ˵Щء

Ŷƽ͵͵µĿݸ񣺡˰ɣ㡣

ЩԥؽӹվûӵĿ飬Լл

ƽĭۣԺҾС

صͷеҭˣŬʡ

ƽֱĴ룬ӻһֻݸ񣺡㻹дϴαӵıʣ

ƲƲ죺ôˡ

ƽһѹ»֪Ϊ˸Щһ˶ٹ㵹ãþ͸ֱʯˣ

飺īҵģԼģ

ƽֱӽǾ͸Ӧ̣

ƽһȻվ뿪Ȼʶ֣ÿĶǲܿЩԶüǵá

ЩóʣԼıʵ̫ˣôһĥûйľͷһҲë˵Ǳʶ̧ˣӹؼǣë̫ˣ˶īõıʺôд֣ʻдţ

ʲôΪʲôôˣ

һ±ƣҲдȻīף



ī췢ѾܱˣСӻʲô˱īҲĲ

ţʣǲģôˣ

īһƽ£ɹЩ

ȻīŻǾţģţ֪ʲôҲûʣֱˡ

īţӰʧҰϺĳȥ

ֻµĻҲôǽɵĴ£ûǴ£

ΪʲôԸ߻ͻȻ֣

ϣīһѡʱھҪˡ

ī㶵ؿͻȻվʱȫ֮ǰĳͷȵ׼Žĸı䣬ˣ֮ǰķףѾȫȫһ˵ˡ

ǸʱīΪģȻ͸߸˵ʰ񣬻رĵظŮ̴ǷԸչ

ĺһֱĪŮΪֹ

ȷΧûһŮ˳ֺ֣ͣתͷīԷ֪ʲôҲ֪ԼΪܹ죬üͶȥ

īӲͷҲ⣬ôҲҪߣǾīһ·ֱһȺˣ׼ȷ˵һȺ۸˵Ļ¹١

üȥǽ

ܿ죬һȺ˼ܺ߱㱻ˣ۸˲ǸҲһͨĻ¹٣ðװ׾ģ۸ԭҲܼ򵥣еġݼУֻԹ

ִұӣοսʱڵˣҶԷǿعϡ

ǣԹĿڴСԹӣԹԲĸʱ꣬ٴе㸴ӣʲô֡

ʱڵĻ¹ٵü˳۵ūߡ

룬Ѫ˴͡ԡ㣬Ժڹźɡ

һζûľŵԸЧҴ

˭ûվԱߵīλɫͷҧס嵽ǰȥץŭĳ嶯ƴűݼһƽ߳Ȼڼ﷢

ܲ񰡣



 60 

īǾһ侲ǾǨŭ˵ˣ ȸ߶±ʣָ˹ؼʯӣ Ȼ֪ѧ īܰٶȰ

ѱʸӵ˺ʯˮʯԵëھˮĽݱ˳ʳ͡

⻹ԶԶ о仰ô˵ţҪõģ

ֵܣ ҪҪԿҰӡ¹ϻʲôģ Կ£ëһ߳һʣգ

˵ԣ īҲû üĿڻеǸףСǣԲܸṩŶعҲףʵ̫ˣ㻹װǣŶӵŵʱ˶ˣ ҪʳȰҺúʣܲһˣˣ

ҧţ ͲֱӻȥīӶŭˣҿˣ ˵ЩеûĸȻܻȥֻܻ֧󵽲ֱӵëʷйŭ

īյŴŵʱҲڳϿʼ˶Ҫʼ˹ˡ

ڵһˣΪԼҵƷŵҴˣԼҲʢˣϲƷ֪ʿ˴඼ڹ⣬Լ

ѡѡȥ䵽˹ͷϡ

˹֪Ϣʱ򼤶һϣðͺķͨΪعһսԲ֣ܽ㡣

һ㣬

идͷѾܹû˲õξˣǸð취ûУǣû˼һף˲ţҲöԷľǵĴɣòҲõ

ڶ㣬\𺫣Կ\̲˳򹥴

ȻԹڹҧعѾκòˣչؼīͨŵѾκʮˣ游һ㰡

īһعԴ˱˳ж˳ࡢԵϵعǿѾעˣٴȥֱתսԭĿѾﵽˡ

ǣ˹٣˹һʷһ˶ԷһŵЧٷ䡣

ȺȻϴչس˹٣չس٣ûûǰɣ

߾ɲ֮һͬʡ

һ˵仰û˷ˣ˹ϾǧĶͨ˿Ա粵ģһ˵ȱֻҧΤۣ˹Ӹһֲ̫õԤУҲȷʵʲôֻգصڣȻòԾֻϧߵ˶һ˽ȫûֻ¼̣һԸߵС¹ٸˡ

ǱΤڷԸߣīҲڷԸߣһץ֣ŬԼļЩո˵ʲôû

īıеţֱֱڱﲻˣ׶ԷķӦΪʲôôţüǽԼҪһ顣

Ըʶ֣ԺҲ㡣

ʾе㣨ǳīȫ񣬵īֲһֱߣ˸оˣīһ飬ġ

īͲӦù

·ƽӣī޲ýĺʷʷӵϣ֪ĺʲôعĲˣôһǸˣ¹ٲܸһֶõ֣

ī˲ɴֱӾܾԸ

īһôɴؾܾˣûӦ˺һŽīľܾ

Щ򵥣֮ǰӦ뷨üʵǲ˻ǲԸߣ

Ըߵ⣬ּ֣Ʒ¹漸ûʲôõģīҧҧֱԵǲ¹١

üΪΣ

ī˵¹ںŷȰ䶼ú

īַԥ룬շԼĸȻˣգѰ

˵רŰְλʲôģǲߵվЩģȻܹȻҲ˹ҲѡԸߵԭ֮һ ˷㻹ȫƿԼʡĵʱ˶Ȩ

ֱ벻õİ취ˣīܾԭī

ڷ뷨īݺݵһȻѧӸߵԸˡԽԸʶ֣ԷĴڶһСˡ

 61 

峿֦ ȹ˺ҹСǶѾˣǷ׷״ӳѨ̽ͷ ȷϲûʲôΣ֮Сسʳ ɽҲеһԱѾһҹˣĲ䡣

ܺܰ ֻг ֻɽתͷ۲컷ֱΣգ ʳıܴߴѰʳɽԥһѡ˱ܣʼͷרѰʳ

ʱڲ֦µɱжαװ ļͷšݡХһֲ˼ľ׼ֱϸĲ ֻֻ壬ɽʣɽëܹ󲿷ֹAΪԶרƳ˷£ϧֻеĲӣ˵ ѡ

԰

ƽһ־޵ˣƨߵߵȥɽ 緹ˣҲһԡ

һЦ ǵ⣬Ļ䲻лؼҶȥЦֶһزģѾռëë¹ëβһѿʵĶˣֶ˼ëʳɹĸ˲١

ƽɽһԿĵһۣΪиŵ˵λб£ְ취Ը¡뵱ëӵİ

Цһ˳ǣһ㶼ģôľֻΪ׬Ǯʳ

īӦˣֻҪëʣ͸ʲôרʱͿԴΪůˣȻëʺ׬Ǯʲôϵī˵īƽ֪Ϊʲôʻ׬ǮҪ

ԥؿƽͫһѸ̽ڱͲȡһֻң׼ֵһ˲ƽ𣺡ſ£

Եƽɽݺײ棬ڴͬʱеؿһʹɽϵļܲסѹϳƽؿڡ

ƽ˼ЩҧתһŶ̽ҪԴԷֱϻһֻǸոȥġ

ƽķӦܿ죬͵Ҳһ㿪һ˳ִؿڰ¼ͷݺݵԷĽϣԷܲסʹˤϣƽһš

һٸҲܱ֤˵ƽӵĹγؽϵƽߣԷƽŤһţǻŲӣзѹƽģıô̹̹ضϾ˼ٽɵش˶Էı

㣬һµĴֻöԷԽƽĲӱؽˣֶ˶Ѹٶµڶ¡¡

ˣƽһѶԷƿȻڵϾҵؿ״̬ܲãΪȱǰһƬڵģܸоؿڻѪÿһεĿԶǣؿڵ˿ڣŴĽйɵðѪ

ƽһԼҪ˵Ĵֱһҵʹص˼䣬̲ס˻ʹڸʲô

ƽ˿εԥһ£һԼΪҩ

šƨûܹ˰Ӫҽʦûôʹģ

ĬĬļһΣƽʹ˵ֻСسֱɴŻ˹

ƽָߣһĺķĩ״壬˳ǣǲҪΪãתߣһߵĵˣ˳򡣡

ǰ鿴ʬ壬Ȼ󿴵ʬϵı־üκˣǡģ



Ĳƽͷԣݹ۴ֵһӾͷӦˣعǴҵĵ˰

ӻ֣ױǧϻʬ̧ȥһе˰ЦЦɱˣоô

˵ʵо̫ãȻԷǱȻƽ۾￴˶Է飬񡢾

游ǰˣǿ񣺡С

Сӡ

һ£УǱͬ㵱ˣ׼׼гӲҪ򡣡

˼ҹεݾôˣȴûôˣΪ游Ļʼǳ

Ҫ𡭡



ȷʵҪˣһһδսԡκһԽͳ˧عީط

ս֮󣬼ϰսعҲֿʼҹ๤ԭפڸصľҲŬ͵ǰߣΤûע˹ˣعǴݺĹϵôȨҲҪε̰ڵһλ

ȻεعܴѹȻǺģһǻȳѾõˣһʳճɹƲعʳѹҪ٣һѾҵսͻƿڡ

εУûв

عӷһֱʵеԶһγ˳Ч

꣬عͷɹĲ׷ӣûвμ֣عһεĻƽ̶̼꣬عʮϵأ£عȻϷһ롣

 62 

һƬֵϣ ôһȺׯڣǧѡӣ ԴӷѿԺͱ˾ĺǻ ںʱҲųԣĽ࣬õ⣬˺صϣȻһضήˡ

īﱻڵĲӵׯԸǳ ЩׯǱŪķϸJġҪǳ ôķϣͶµ֪ ˮûҳһ㡭īͷѾȫˣֻʣһԴīʱûϳ

ԼԼˣӣ ǰܡ

īҡҡͷ ǱȻĽǰĴʮĶѰһ飬ǿһЩ״ûôҵģĻض˵ֻ±ɣЩӵȿɶˣ

ͷ īЩΪе䡣

Ͼͣ ָֻŵıʾһṼӵʵ˲ֱӣ īƲ۾İļʾ

ӣ㡣

ţԶīѲʵĹīЩ⣬ģôͻȻҵ

ôϵζʵڲţøϽȥϴ£īץŵһѿݲĻȻ󼲲ߵǰУʱƥƽʱɡ׳ֳһЩֵȻó;ϮȷʵһһǿôһޣֻʧıӰ



ķīߣߵܶ࣬ϲǸ¾ɹ⻬ħǸħѾǳˣԷյɵתҲ˲ֹһضīˢģתתȥǡ

ҪԻزͷ̴Ӱѷոȥʵ̫ˣڣֳ֪ʲôػԼһǰʼ͵ĺӣںӵļӳ£Խһϣʣīû𣿡

ԸĥīԱеĻūȥʡ

ȻһתţͿ˸ոյִſڵīѾȴӶʱˣոջʵûأӿūͨһ

īޱ飺鷳ˡ

ū澱ȥˡ

ԸˣīŻ飬֪ڵԸߺ޹ǶԷֻҪԸߣīԶŲĽᡣ

īոװޱסˣ沿ֻʺ޸ܣ֣Ȼ󿴼վǰԸߡ

Ը߻ֵ̿صͷȥ

īԼòƸˣܺãոյ沿˶ȫ׷ˡ

īȥʱȫû⵽ī沿ϵͳīӣױƵĸīȫûиոյĳ

շħǳĵرסīȷѽѽȻϲʱʱߵ壨硣

īŷ£öԷиžſϣٺ÷պīӹ򣬴ԵɨһۣȻϲʱڳˣ

ͷΪиŵ˵ô꣬常ڴˡ

ȷʵ˺ܾãСʱΤڸⱾжôôΰΤжôô˲𣬸Ȿ鶼Ϊִˣ˵Ȿ˵һӣ꣬ȫһ֮ϵС

ΪǰΤ޳ֵܵĹΪֹʤ˶ڹȫȫظмΤв͵͵ѧȥּǽΤˣڣʱΤζˡ

㲻ǰҫһΣҾҫ

ɿܱЦеرգװ۵ڣ÷տ졣

īõĶóҪ

īһ߲ɾµĿˮһ֣صͷλҲȺܾˣǧѷĻᡣȻҪõĶд





˿̵Ѿæ˸׳죬ػصؽһΤпվһԿæľ󣬲ֻ˺ܾãΤȵظãʮ갡Сˣſꡣ

һжѾҪˣֻҪⱾһʷӴˣûٸΤ˵ٶһ䣡

ܼҰæ֮ڳվһԵΤ㱨Ѿһ롣

ôһ룿Τü

ȥǼӿٶȣҪһ½˳ôʱ˷ѣ

ܼҿЦŹӦǣЩôΤ󣬻Щһһ鿴Τ˵õɣһܼңϸ첲ȵģҲƵü˰Уǿ಻ԡ

 63 

ǹԪǰ239꣬ ڴһٶǰôһĸң عϳſһľ׮ӣ ȻŵˣֻҪܹľͷᵽžܵõʮ

ְ׳ս׵ȻûԸⳢԣ˱ǳؽͽ׷ӵʮӴ˱䷨ ľŵĴ˵ Ϊ֮Ϊֵ

ʮںܶ˵һʾ޿ĳЩԵС ˵Τ

Ц뵱ûʱ򣬿ž;ֱٽȥڲݹʸ͸Ӳܺף Ǯ⣬ Ҫӣ

ΪҪӣԱˡϴΪҪӣԲһҪһعġϴΪҪӣԲҪڳſڣʾⱾжô

Ѿҹ ҽǷŵ˳ſڣһ ܿһСɽߵһ׼ ֻȱдͣڹϣԲΪǮԵСԲܣ

\һ衭\

ڶٲܴﵽŸĸоأ

ΤŸʾ˼ȥսλȷˡǧ֣ǧžͰ

ΤصͷоԼ©ʱձѹȥҲˣ֣һ͵͵ǷĹټǰѯʡ

кηԸ

ȥſ鲼ǽţһ˴ݡ

ܼҲʣαˣЩ˲ʶ֣͸Ҫ󡣡

Τۣ㶮ʲôǡҪˣظ֪ˡϴЩʶֵģ͸ӻΤ

ܼҲֻܰԼıӦǣŵ

ͬʱڵ̴ӳΤ͹ܼҵĲע͵͵˺ڰ֮УƵſǽǣ˴ӿиȥܷ֣ǽ滹һҲſڵŴ˵ǽǵĹ˾ǹжӴӳعǰոְΪ˹

˹֮ǰȷʵǳãҲźܴĹϵһ˹ʶĹǳַǵ͵鱨ֻǻ鱨ѵйɹƭ湷У

ΪЩ˲õĹܶΤֱ׳ذ˹ε˿ְλ֮ǰܹ֪ϴҲٲ˹ֽš

˹ΤܾˣڶԷһλʱͿʼΤĸˣھͣЧڳˡ

˹Ѹٵظ֪ΤҪ͡ϴϢԴˣʾּɣԷԽʹԽġ

ӿʼߣֻʣһʱˣҪΪĺϷ㾫



ڶ죬ĳ·֪˼͵ƵģĵؽƬΤ˽ʮϣЩ»ɣϸµزùһ飬˿̱Τҹ̨ϣǳɫ⡣

Ȼ˿̵ʱһûʢУ˱ȲֵĿӣҲǲֵ񻰣󲿷˻Ƕֺ鼮ԭʼľ⣬Τһóô򣬹ԸһȺ˹ģʶֵģʶֵĶΧҴ֡

˺ܶˣǶⱾߣΪűΪϵҲɫѣǵľȴܺãΪⱾɣͿ඼ֵһᡣ̧Դ˵עӣ֮ΤŵĻڣȻҪָǻվȷϣΪ²ܷ

Τûгܼ˵ע½ǽϣͬʱһ֮վһԣü紩͸ʾϵһһֵظ

\ţǧϣʿһǧ\

һǧҪҵһ֮ǿɾһӲԺˣȻΤĴֱʵĵȷȷŵ˺ܶˣ۷׷ףв۲ſǶ򣬾Ƕ࿴һ۾ܸлٶֶʶһĴϴ֡

ȥ˻ǲ࣬һԼＸ֪ȥͽЦһΤƣʵϴ󲿷Ҳֻȥһʲô飬ëҲܶ˵һ䡣

Ȼεĵˣⶫֳֶ࣬׷ӣһȺܲܲͳΧſÿ˷ָ½Ѱ鷳Σա֮ǰΪײȻһѵԴ

һز̫֣Ȼ΢Դ壬ϰֱַĹʱܿ꣬ʱҪԱߵūͻȡҪһôҪ󻹺ãҪ˴һôͱûͷתѰײŴηÿһζǵĺЦһʱ֮侹Ȼһֲгĸо

ʱţ̫֪תǵͷϣϵɢĴڣԭɫº͵ҲôĿΧŴֵ˿ʼܲˣǷ׷뿪̨ϰп࣬ʵϢֻӲͷƤȥ

ǲҲ̶ãֵīȺ֮ипһϴôѾˣҲѹֻѧ峵˵ˣˮȷʵܴҺֽҪǺĽ̿鶼򡭡īڼѹ˵Ľ̲ģ̲ס˸

īӿǾ䣿

ϸӶߴԸߣī˳ǣԸ߲̣ʵǶԷ̫ˣץסС

īתͷȻӭ˹񣬴īô䣿Ըߵѣ˶īӡ

ī۵תƻ⣺Ҿʱˣȥˡ

ӦûӦ뵽ʲôֵĶ˰ɡЦջĿ⣬ֹīָƣҲȫ˽īˣԷԼ˼Ҳʣϵת˻⡣

䣬ȥˡ

һˡһ˹ʵڲöʣͷת̨׼Τĳӡ

֮˹̨һ飬Ȼͳɹ˹ܼԼߵע̨µҲ֮˹Ȼֻ㼯ȫעǲܼ򵥵һȦܵõģҲΪܼǻǵ˹˹ɹԭǣֹһȦȴһûãǱ߱ҡͷһ̾

е

˹ʼƵڶȦʱ򣬹ܼסˣվ˹ιڴ˶תԴ鲻ҲӦп꣬ڴ˹̾Ϣˣ

˹ͣ½ŲܼȻҡͷ̾һܼӵԷϣʵʩһ뷨֮ǰ˹ڿˣҲǲ飬Ϊеģ˾ˣ

 64 

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ѽ÷ŶûǸ˿ҸװŶ

Τ뷨 Ըܿʵˣ ΤصϯλʱֻĹܼҴҴææܹ ɫţһ֪˴¡

Τ˷õʣôˣҪǸ۵ĸΤĴ ǮȻԷûһʾ޿һˣ ϾΤڰΪװƣƽ׸¡

Ĺܼʧˣ鲢ʵϣķչҪҪضࡣ

ܼսսػ㱨Ҫߡ

ΤԼ˻ʲô

Ҫߣܼ˿ĭ ˵ộ顭

ʲô

ΤסˣվҴȥ ܼæڵū͸Τ󣬲ô ˶ܻһ㡭

ΤٶȺܿ죬ţһ͵ִ˳ſڣǹܼҺһȺ̴ӣΧ̨µȺԾΪƺƵĶÿһΤ׵ؾ͵̨ףȻͬվ̨ϵ˹šΣյۣ˹

˹ǲŲæضΤ񣺡¹ٰݼ

ͬʱһԵҲ׷վΤ˴ŵ̨ӵµĲƽգīԱ߾кüֱӾ͸ˣȻΤûµһ۲ԥԥվ

Τɨ˹һۣЦһҪ߱飿

˹΢Ц¹ٲңֻΪŲطôһúùĦҲʡ紵ɹװ̣

ŲطΤüи壬пٵȨһ£ȻϾܾĺⱾˣȥῼǵģڻĪҪ˿顣

ܼڵǰ̨̽ƣ롣

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ΤڷǳȷıȻ֪ԷҪʲôԲʲô£õķֱѹ˹öԷֱȥһݡ

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ڣ棬ֻҪܹõһʶֺΪ˹

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常ģ¹常в֮常Ѫ֮С£ֻ鰲øطø˰ݶ飬常ܾССɣ

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ΤԽԽֻܰοԼȶģṩһһĶ鳡˵˴ţ˻ֻǵĴֱʡ

ΤһӵķʱԼ˵ȷŵ˼㣬ṩӶѣΤȫһõķӣ

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˵иݣ ֻľʸǧꡭ

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عйҶ˲ʧһεľ棬Դˣ ֻҧ΢ЦæĽڿ뿪Ĵ󳼣 ЩְſȻϣЩϢǼٵġ

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ƣӵعǣĶҲǾȥ常Ƕɡ

˹ڰԸ߽ʾȥǶűҶīոջЩƵͨ˳ī̵룺ȻԼĿǽ˵ʹ֮ϵġ



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Ȼ׼㹻ĸȫûˣɺܼ򵥣Ϊ˷󣨿Ǹ飩

īˬǧյܾܺˣĸͼǿģīģҪǽϵܶ飡ֽʵģ

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Τ۾һ죬 ڰöԷ ܼҸϽ͵ΤǰһֲֻڵֽԼһֻëɫıʡ

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Ȼʧȥеգˣ˹ѡǧжҪԸΪ˸ۡ

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Ȼīǲ֪Щ뷨ģΪոյǾ仰ȫ˿ֻ֮С

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һʼīԼģʱţȴԽԼļ䣬ֻһΣҪһֱŰٶȣ˵īŴĹнԼһѡԵظˡ

ʱţīֿʼԼİٶȶԼ룬һʱһֱ֤ԼԣֶֻԽԽɡ

ȴܸȷȷʵʵһ磬ֻһΣīԼһԼʹط裬Ҳһ衭

ѾΪīľʱīôܿסԼȥϲǰ϶Էأ

ԼƺѲīŹžߴžߴصᣬòԵ޴

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īԼˣ˸ñ㵹˵ϲʡ£Ҳûϴ˱Ͼʹպ˯ˣȻڶʹһľȥޭ깬ϳ׼ĳ

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ڶ īͷʹѣһĺ֢һǱҥԸġ

ȻЩ˵˴룬 Ǹعˣ ʲôζˡ˼רžġ

Ȼô˵ ֮ǰ˵ģ ٰҥԵĴѾʼȰˣǼľҪ֡

ĺڹ󹬶ȥ˺

ԣ Ϊ˷ֹԼ⣬īԴŪһȻ󽫰ٶҵľƾôһһʲô˿ڡԤ촯ȣ ȼϣ дһ䡮֮ݽȻɶк

ģһʲôĲؼ˵۾ݣ˳һӢ䣬 ŷĵذѶһţ塣

ȷţȥ֮īѸţ Ȼīȥɢĵģ Ȼİȷʵûжľڵĸ⣬īҪǋ£ʶԼ˾֮󡭡

īȥֽȥéʱţȻǳЧʵشŶҵǲδһ̼˿ں˹ŋһ塣

񵱳յعͱĻɢҥһһιھƵҥҲΪƶģһףֶ˭

˲֮ĵċû˸ڱѹغܲҵΤ

ĵӵʣ˵ֽ˹Щˣ

˹صͷЩǳ֪ȫ

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üɿ߶һ仰˵ĵ˱ѡ

˹΢˼˵

ǣʱ˸˼·˱㲻ţƴΤԸһԿţΤ̋˵λﵽͷϡ

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ȷʵʱɽۻ˹˳˼·ȥüһ˶ԸЩΤǾȫһˣ˹֮ģΪһɽʡ

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ī

˹ͷװûҥԴδ

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ˣȥǷƣ˵뿴жٴ˻

˵⻰˹ûԼҭΪҲҥ˴ˡŵģ˭ϻĴžζڻа

ΪһԻ˹ı飬Դ˿̵ķǳһǾ

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ȵȣе֡ζıŨˣ

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ζѬһϵһ±ƣʲô

˹üϸֱ棬ıӾȻó˾Ȯĸооƣ桭

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ûŵģ̴ֵǾʮԶʮĵ˳ŷ굽˹̽ķڡ̴ڼţĶ

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īɺӣķװ˺üƿƿ޹ޣÿƿƿ޹϶ֽ˾ƾĲͬŨԼӦôȻīܽƾôһֽ

˹һ߸ոջϾƵĴڣһߺƿľƿȻһʱ֮俴ƿдʲôıӣųľƵʲôӴţ˵ʵе㻳ɣôŨľĺú

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дöˣ˻ܲ˵䣬Ѿīд¿һ飬ЦЦȻת˹дġ

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īѾܿˣҪдС׭ܼӲףֱӸŲţ

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ֵҥûˣƵ˿԰ΰٲٵ˵

Цīģϵǣī֮ûκγɾ͸Уɫʼס

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ֵü˺ƭ㣬Ϊβģ

ĸëΪĻ˻ѡΰٲ١氡

ȻΪֻƣԻõ⣬ⲻⲻڣǻڼ֮󳹵ױ

ҩжֵֹĲϣݸĿƷīȫɻԺĻ˵òξͺȰ׾ƣֱӰѾƵƷȣΪġΰٲ

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ӺǾйʱ ע˻һȷѪ꣬һյҥֻһͷ ڿƽֵĵ׼ɱķ

 ΤĹܼҿΤ鱨磬ⲻԾ

ûѵڱЩͻȻܵõô鱨϶⡣

ΤѾ׷Բԣ ģ ľܺãܼҵĵֻ̧һƤ רעصͷоϷ֪

˵ʲôĹܼһ٣ոΤԳʲôϷ

Τûʶܼҵͣ٣Τ˼Ƭ̺ʵձǴĹ񡭡

ѯʲô

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ǣū׼׵ ǲ֪ʲôϲش֪

Τڰ֣ ܼҷǳʶȤر죬ؿΤɵֽд֣Ȼؽ

ֽȥɡ

ܼҲŵ۾ĪڿЦɣôһֽõóҪĲ֪ҪʲôֱǮҶа

ȻܼҲ˵⻰Ϊ㶵ĹΤѾɵʾùܼҳȥûκοЦζ

ܼҵͷ˿ﱡһֽҧҧתͷţеֻѭɡ

һֽһֽúðװһȻõóֵóⷿÿ˿ڵ£һоֽԽԵú

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ܼҵĸоûΪǸ˱ī

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ôˣ˿ʲôԣéɻ˳īȥֻһźɫҴҵĴ壬Ȼʲô˲˷ǵ

īЦõסéҲֻǿơ

Ҹоʲô˵顭

éʱйˣҪȥˣ

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ī˳죺϶˵ҵСºˡˣҽҹһΣ

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ܼҾԼ۾ųëˣΪʲôǸͱ˵˵ıӰҲô죿

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ǋǱȥİǋ

ܼźӵһЦūź

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Ѿ̲סˣ֮ܳɹˣֺαʱٶأ

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΢Ĳƿ̼񾭣еͣؽͷתܼҵķ򣬻㱼񿴼һڵϵΤžƿɨһΧˣǶ׷ηصͷôһ̣ͻȻԼŹľ

пʼϲһηҲɢھ֮УΣǺĳƣ˯ĸף

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Ȼط֣Щ˲ûж¶ʲôοı飬෴¶Ǿı顪ǶǶա

ͷŤŤתϿգ˿̣һ貵İǴž޴βոձ䰵ҹգԤʲôȻѸǵҰ

ľ˲˴룬ոǿµľˮ˿̱亹˳ļ

ǸǵĳֵԤ˭ʧܡ



˿ǵʱǻŵģééһֱԼĵӺܴ󣬵ǵϵʱҲһ˲뵽˸ӺʱĻ桭ǵéҲʼ飬ҪҪˣ

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ߵúܿ죬Ϊӽϲûʲôˣ˿̸ǰع죬īѸٻصţڵˣţ忴ī˿ֽŵˣ´λūš

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ֻʷõȥī˵ȷȷʵʵ˴æڸīлرʱˡ

˵᰾һҹīֱӰѶݸţԸת

ܶ飬ǺֻΪδ֪ԵǷ֮㲻ٻη壬˵76ػֵǡīţݵζʲô

īûŴˣڵڶΣΪΪΪ˱ӶƳٹ£ھС

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һʱܸʲô

ڋ˵ һʱȫһҰı¶ǰٸ֮ԣ֣֮ ֪ȦѸ Ѿв˽ϵһ𣬳źһ֮ڴͥбſȸ

Ë̬ܵȡԴ˸ûκαʾ

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ҧ ˦Ů Լ޹ԼӲĿ⣬ Լͨ£̧ͷʱ棺̫ң

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ƽԷɣǳӣȻĸΪعݻǷǳΣعĴܹǶ⼮ݵų⣬ǰǶǺͬ⼮ΤһƣۿΤҪˣƽȻʼˣսȫع㣬ȻËܵ

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һԣԸۣȻķ˵ӿҪŴ

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ƵӡĦԵأ вתκԣ ǿ˶塣

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ԼƳīһۣ Ϊ˵ĵ˼ѡ񿪿ǻߡ

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СɪɪرһţԴĺӵӴһ㣬ͳһƷǵʱĸ׸ģֲܴڣƵĴѼֱֳϲزˣѾֵǮĶˣֻʣһˡ

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滹ǲǸ⣬ ǵȴ޹ĺӻسǰʱᷢԼ޿ɱػԥͽ ǰҪ塭

īԥôһ˲䣬 Ȼʶոǳ治ֹһ˿ˣҲ˰ԸҲ˰

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ĳһ⻰ȷʵû˵ī̹Ȼصͷԡ

˶٣Ȼֵϲˡ

һǳĻȴ˵Ӧӣ Ȼʵô˵ īле㲻ˬīΪʣô˿϶

̧ۿī˵ ԸΪܶ㵱ʱûѣȥϲ֮⣬Ҳԭ򣬶˶㣬ǡɣǸˡ

īǿͬȻϵ㷴ˣʵϣӦǸ˫Ůνֻǡʱֻ

Ƭ̣īǰĬıֱ˵뿪ˣùףҲϲġ

ȻԤϵǣīҡͷԷЦؿǿһµСһ̲סʼü

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ĲûӰ쵽īīԹԵ˵֪ϲɫЩãϲӥҲϲƹʱü˼ܰʲôϲ꣬ʵȥһܣȰţֻա

еܸɣǺټģǷǳʹ죬˾һǶȻǳʹ졣

īǰϷ겢̫ðÿϴ꣬رǴ׵ľر˷ܣҲرԹīһһεĳ嶯

뵽īȻʼ΢ЦʵرðգǴŽܺ޲սԵ͵ȥսʱ񽫾һ١ЩҶ֪

ϲһǺֵģīɫ۾ĵʱ򣬻̲סһЦѹʱ򣬻ҪܱˣʱҲ̲סĶȻŰ˴һ٣Լܰҹ̲סĳߡ

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˵ûϲīһЦԼеȻУֻ벻īѡ

ⲻ͹𣬡ӦҪʲôƵģЩ٣벻㣬ϲˣ͹𣿡

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˵õ֪ϲڵأôĶŪң

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ΣԼ˷Ӧõת̣ڿңԶĹȥʲô

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㣬ԼĬһʣ֧ģ

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ҲˣԼͷҴˡ

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ⲻԸƽ ǣڶĳϣը1.׼Τ뿪2.κΪξ

Ȼ ԭƽˮĴǾһը˹ ǰһǻ⣬ǺһͺˣҪξǸĳûͷƾһ˵ɹĴڣξǸ䳼

䳼ʲôʱ 佫Ǽս

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ѧ˵ûʢУ ڻ˵ͷȴ£ʵ˵Ӱѧ˵

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Ǹ޵һ˽Ȩ ҲҪһΣҪ£ΪǧĹԱ дԼ ɹ˷յʦ

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ԣŷչʱīѾŵͼιѹǵһƥװԼƵֻ

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֮ǻŵģֻҪһ ƶķչ ֮ǰԯԼˮǸߣиľȥֲء

أˮĹˣҪʣ²ֺոĹߡ

ոĹߺŪڹŴѾĳˣ īֻҪִͼݹ˵ĽеȱȵĸСֵĻ īǵúһﳵĶٶϵͼƬҲǳˣ īͼֽġֽϣȻһͷ˻ʵо֮С߸ʳĶҲǼЧַ

ʱīͷǳл֮ǰĹˣ֮ǰһЩݣαһģʵ̡

ǵģûīҪαһʵ̣˳ŰʵȥΪ֪ʵԼͼīǲֱó˲̫ע֮⣬һǣҪΪʵϣһ֪̽ľȱоǺ˵ʹīʱ仹磬һѧ̽Լ

ʱˣʮ֮عͽһͳ£Ҫʳûʱһһʵɹ

հ֮ǰĳɹʵׯҶƬϲûвߣһ֮һаãǻ󣬺ǰֲʱŷ֣ǵĸȫˡ

ʵ磬ֱӱﵱʱڵĽˮ÷㿪ʼͣȻӦԵķǰʷ͡

ʵī£Ѿڿʼˣǽʵ̫Ͼż漰ʱ䣬ص㣬¶ȣˮǷ͵״ʱ䶼û̽꣬ӲҪ˵ĸ

ʵα쵽Ҳ˽֣Ѷϵ̫ߣīֲũִѧҵģԤϵֲԲͬϵķӦ

ǣīĳλѧΰ˵һֽгһԼźĿдȻֽ㣬ʣ֮޷һһΨֱԽ

Ȼ󣬴ӡһ࡯ʸѷѹڱʡīеķССһŰֽ֮ϣĸӪһûֽдݵĸо

īֱǵԼޣ

ǿʵָ̣ëֱҪ

ͷһī³壬æŴȥȷ͸һˮӭײŵɡ

īɡײסıʣôôɡкμ£

ƽʱСɡĴ˿һ㶼ûײīĿֻŸУ۾ڷʦˣûˣ



ĺ£īͶȡɲͬɡǳаعеĲҵǿʧܺ;һзġ

ֹˣɡҪīҪض࣬ͳüɫͬĲһ˷˵ǳԵһ֣ӽȥͬĶòͬѹвͬɫʦ̫ˡ

īӹɡĲɡҪɡĲӾϲɡԻѧȤī룬ȥ͸ϣȻٻɡҹ̸£ĶĶţ

ɡڴ˵Ⱥϻ̸¡

ɡɵصͷĵصȴīĻóʦҲԴ˷ܵغܡ

ȻʱȥˣīȻûֱҹ֮æµһ֣Ȼֻеȴīɡһˡ

ɨһȦĿ۵ɡϣһһʵīأ

ɡ԰ҡͷ֪ʱǰȥģڻû

ɡȷ϶Էû֮Ȼųȥˣ

һҹ֮ûеõҪҵˣʧٵʮλԱһ⣬عˣһ󲿷ֽˡ



Թ˰

Զľ۶ѵʱѾˣõںĶ죬ǵͷ­Ҳʼãʬζ˳ԱĿڱ࣬ʿѾǷŭǱеı鶼ȳĺ綳ĵףȴһѻȫմ

ǲûлԸȼգǵĽȴȻڳ֮ڣȻŵйͬĸãԼȴսܡ

Ϊβȥ֧ԮԴк޺޵ŭսϲдǻtȥ𣡡

ͼ̧ͷԴһۣ첻ؽ͵йҾȣˣ˱ɡ

˼ҪǿؾٷŶԷɱʮˣԴв˼صۣԭǶ˶عϯϵģ˿Ѿȫֱ촽ƴȫ

ȻȻûб̬Դоôֱֱؿֱһ紵ڡϤζڣԴмֲסȫˣסǣʮԾڡ

ڣҲòǰ֮ʮ졣

˻һȺߣв˽ְ彣֮ϣˣȴȻƽԷǳƽעˣħһ㣬ȻЩ궯İȥȻû˵λٸһʱɺã

ûӦǶĬţѾǱĿˡ

ͷȻͷͼлλ

Դס֣뷴ȴһԵ˸סԷʾķһѪһһεȾͼ

ʱԴͻȻˣеĺޣеκһˡ

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ԾԹ ˰

ںҹɫƬأtǰʱȥˣ ԭֻյ֮ƣ ԾʵڲҳtԼϷֱ£ ֻʣӪ ˿Ծδ˯ִ˼Ҫλš

һʫС£ 𡯣Ȼ岢֪ŴʵոյŵĻֻǽֱӿˡ

Ц ʱԶдţ ýɽ

ĸТͬڵĹϵֵܣ˾Ϊ˱ϵĹ۵֣ҲһͬžƺͨڵĻء

Ծ۵ĵƻ˼· ɵõŵ̨ü֣ ҹ޷磬

ҹؼž һֲͷֱԶ¡¡

ͻȻ뵽ʲôǲʱ

һڰϵţȻ֮ײڵһɢڵϵֽţ㱻æĽŲ

ŵĶ̶ʱڣоѾҧԻ֪ʲôȥģеϮ

ȻתѸȥѰҪӣҪϽָӡ

һٵԾδӦϮôܣԾǱǴ򵽹ڳﲻҳ

ʱݲǶ룬ԾĻѾǵҰˣֹѲߵʿҲӦ˹ʱؾչֳ˼ǿ֯սļر֮侹ȻѸٴװ

ЩԶԶ

ЩԾѪʮǰʮԾδȫ࣬ʮѪսʱʿ򣬶Թռ֮һ˳𲻱Խ⣡

ƽձѹķŭίʡʹǾڴҹѪζĸԾԻΪĿŤնһſŴѪͷ­

Ҳ޷նȴ޹Σֻع

ν󣬵ԾɢˣףһؾסˣԷбʿǣͲУִڱ֮Ϊֻ֮оܵؼ֣Ȼˡ

ױȫѪѾȥ֪ͨˣ

˺ɤӺҪȥҪût

ױһǡ

Ҫȥֱͣ˻ǲǣ˶ҽл

ױԣѡҧתͷŵ

Ȼһ̣ױͷ͵˵ϣֱֱ뵽֮С

٣գɲѽļƻˡ

ԴվϣϰɫҺ廹δ£ȫӵͷ֮ϣȻȴεؽ֮⣬ŵ˶һۣڻҫ֮£ĿѪ

վǱΪսĴΪͣԴб𷭳£ۿĳҪ£һѸٸ漴Դеλãǵ㼯һ𡪡ȻԵжԵ̬

һЦ

ĬͷҲͷʾ⣬ȻѸ٣ܡ

û뵽徹Ȼûд֮磬֮ͱһεľ룬ټعеԸٶȣ

Դȥ׷

ԴУˣtҪˣȥ׼һ̡

Դз߷߿ȥķһڣеıȻ󿪺˻ٹ齵

㿳ˣҲҪڿͷϳ



عǡ

գٳٶ۵Ҳ֪ع˷ǳʱ

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Ҫ֪ǵ܋ĹʱȻҲͥϣ̬˵Ƿǳˡ

ģ˻ֳᷢعд֮⣬ҲһͬʧǸҹһīһ̡Ըߡ

ڡ

˹ŬԸոսģǵͷо˺üϸϸ¾ɺϣмϸıҶΪ֮˺пܱī

ƣغ۾Ѿüû˯ˣī

˹˶٣ҲʲôֱӽȥīǱԸߡ

ŬƤʣΪΡ

˽ճѣݷ֮˽ΪԹʿ

˵Խ

ȥ˲顭

δ䣬⴫ͨʾ£˹׼ȥ˽Դīʧ֮˵ĽӽǲɢԼϴ裬ҲҪѹȫűټ

ǣéڴ֮ͥ±̴ӹȻΪ˸׸ӡ

úӣӲ󣬵ȴ̲סͷһһҲīĪʧ٣Ҳé˸ӣȻ֪īȥ򡭡

˵㾫˺ӣʷԵģȻֻӥͬǲƷһЩͬɫûݵĲ

һסˣСȡĲ߬̧ףéһһֵʣǺδҵģ

éʵʵػش𣺡ճţڳⶫϴġ

֪ΪʲôôϹ۾Ȼⶫôÿʹŵ׸ˡ

죬ҲǺéء

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ԹעعĶ֣Ԫǰ233꣬ Թع ؾһϮռؾӪȫؾأ ֽ ڻtؾ֮ؾ عԹϳʧܵζҲ൱ù

ȻīµѾ֪īȥ򣬵Ϊعǰʧ Ҳе޲ߣ ԲǸˣʵϣһͽһĶͽ

Ѿֽ Թʩѹ

һƬžƢر꣬ ֪Ĵֻķʽľ

Ҳ˶ܺһЩţ»³ֱԲ䣺ɣ ˣعƿΪ̡

ǰһʱ䣬ųдȱְɸƼһƥóˣ˱֮һ˱عĸԤ㣬óۣعӦս

ðûǷϵ

һ˳֮Ƿݲδȫ֮

ԤϵȻԹضԣȥˣǸ˴



ͬʱīҲѾԹڡ

˵īĹˣСݵīҲ֪ԸҪصʲôʱԴǰ֮īһֱԺȫڣһʶԼ

ͻȻ䣬żļһ䡮δë˥漴ҡͷЦЦҪ˵ҲǺͨӦԹ

īվȻЦóԸ

ǽһСȻ˴򿪣Ըߵֱֱ棬һְӵϣīԽ̲סЦ⡣

˿ĵīԸüԴīץ֮󣬶Էһֱտڲ֮⣬ֵ൱عɣϵԸܾթ

ȻʵʲôûУһжڰԸߵļƻУֱī͵Թ֮ڡ

īһ̬ؿ˵ˣڵϣŲŲ壬ȻûдվΪʲôЦ

ԷȻ˵ˣԸ߻Ϊīأ̲סüѰ˼ŶѾˣīҲ治ʲôԿŽīԶ˵

īԵΪԹЧӦȻ֮ǡ

ԸߵͷӦ𣿡

ī̹˵֪̫롣

īû˵رһЩظԸߣʾԷǲԸЧī֪ԼҲסʲô̷

Ϊη壬ΪԼļֵīûԴӵаٶȵʱһʧī˵ЩΪԼȡøͳ롣

Ȼʵûгīչİķûκεʩֻһ΢ĹСķ϶͸˽ȻȫԸߵסõĺӰͶīϣԭеīʼе飬оСĴ˶Էʹ

룿Ըںڰ֮ᳶ˳ǣīԹˣӦΪԹЧ㸸ڳƽ֮սѪΪīˣӦع֮սΪβ룿

īһʱ֮Ҳɷܲ˵ǴԽߣЩƶðɡ

ȻԸ߲ҪīĻظԹԵ˵ȥֻ͸īˣΪңͬΪ壬˲Ҳ֮˾ȻԹ󣿡

ī죬ȻС˵ҲȻÿ˶ԼĿͬˡ

ôʣԸЦһᣬضǳīĿʲôأ

īԸʳһļƤԥһ£ƤīϺһίرԼһСĿ꣺ǹ



ݵļž֮Ըһַǳ˼ظһ飺ǹ

ֱǻ֮ˣµ˶֪ī׸ΪعĲعĹ֪ĸߣīΪˡǹȥΪعЧֱЦ

㾹˵ǹ֪عͿСԸ߳һͻȻƻ˼ؿī㣬عһͳ£

īû뵽ԸôͷӦˣڨڨز˵Ĭϣĵ׿ʼովͲӦΪԸߵʷģ鷳ˡ

Ҳﲻס˭ץôãһӻģīȨ֮ƣڣҲֻһһˡ

Ըǽܲī뷨ѾȥˣīֱһСݣ˵Ľţƨͳһ鲣

֮ǰץʱѻĲ·һЩȻʱֲһ鷺Ĳīȫ³·ĶˣЩĴĥѾ͹͸״Ҫǽڵ⣬ī˵һֳߡ

ȻáСʲôȱȱ⡣

ССһ鲣ī̲ס̾ƾôͷԷ籩벻ͨССĲΰҵֻܼĥһʲôó

ڵĦɳɳͻȻ䣬ƺĵʲô϶

ѵиīһ٣ȻɵſڵСĵû棬Ȼһططͬ»Ǹ

Ȼī˷ܵһ죬ط֣ⰵȻǴϿġ

ЦⰵӦõ˵ʲô

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ڵ īʵУڵһöĶԸߵĳ֣ һͽ͵Ĳûŵ棬 ϣõʲôغÿ

īѾܲˣԼҪٲӳȥҪʧˣ һԼǸڷܺߣ ֻҪ⴫ϢѾԱֽ룻һԼСƷеװԱ ˿ֳִǽϿգһ¾ͻҳһȻһԸˮ

Сﲻҹ磬һʼͨͲ͵Ĵֱӣ ʱţ ī𽥵ضڵĸģճī˴ʱڵоǸ

Ȼϧ򲻿֮⣬īʲôûо

ī˸ǷĶҲͣ ΪʱĲԽԽ˯ ƣػ˸ƣȻŬ㻻һһƵʹ ˵áʮʮʮʮƵʡ

ûж±ȷ춯īһȻѸٷӦСĵ̧ϵϢؽԼŲ뿪Ļ壬һֻèһǱһԣ

ϤϤ𽥵طŴīҲֱ֮ľУֱصʯ屻ŲһӰðͷеĻӷŵϣȻ

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ԾԾԵǰڣǳȺĹȴ˵յòҰףµңҲ

īһһ˼·˵ҵȻ⣬Ϊޣ㲻ʱش𡭡

˶Żӣеţң

㣿

ī˿ССĻӣ漴Цһӵһߣֽҹ˹һ֮ζвұ㡭

£˵ֱӱˣ𣬴˵Ҷ˵

īشͷʣʲô

ܺûشȻԷûƭīҹϣҶ໨ʱ˼ƭˣֻʵʵػش𣺡

ĳַ˵һعһͳµΰˡǰ£عԹʱԹҪκĸˣǿλ֣ʹ˵βΪ˸ӣܷ񡯵ĵʡ

뵽īд˸ʣⰵģ

ҡͷҲⰵˡ

ⰵӵģǹĶ˻أ˴Ͽ͵Ȼ⻰˵ɵīԲ

īҲû¼ȥȲؿʼԸߵ֪Ը𣿡

Ը߿϶ˣ߲ôܡ

ȻԸߵ֣һѱ

īüôйڣ

ֺһȻԸйڣ뵱̻ʲôȮɫѣĳԸߣɫܳĵλһٽ

ˣȻص·ҪݿأãЩĴ󳼻ظ֮󣬷Թعս֮ԹعһֱǰʩӱԹƳŲ˶ඣȻԸߡ

ͶԸŭԹ˿˵ԹĴҲֻ֮飬ҡͷԵīΨһһ˵Ը߲ҾˣȻزԸͣ졣

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ͻȻͣ죬תͷס棬һֻ۾ĿīīΪԷϳԼ֮ʣԷͻȻ̧ףҲҹвˣˣſң

īסȫᣬʵǳڣȻܾô˹ҧץסֽţȻܰŪԸߡ

ͣסʣʲô

īóƽ˵Ը߽ƻǣ׵ضԸʱðɱʱҴⰵӳ˱ΪɱԸ߳ӣң⣬Ȼĳ購

룬ȷſҡ

īٶԣſȻ󽫻ĲӸԷǺô³֮ٸһС

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ȻѸٵʧڰСĽŲѾܽˣī¹ãӭӼֵԸߡ

þò



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ī൱ײеؽһɨΪ׼ˮ¿еĵĵ˵ǡ

Ըߵͷ֮ǰ˵Ϊ˷ǹعΪβԹ

㻹ûŪ𣿡

ûʲô

಻ʵ֮ҽԿԵһ

Ƿһ

ΪҪȣ

ǰҸﻹҪȱˣ

ΪԹΪԹ񡣡

֮Թɱ

ī̲סһһͳһս˭Ϊ֮һġ

һʼΪʷΰҵīѡ水ϲãѡԼִʱڵˡ

һԸֱӣĿֱֱرīعһͳ£ջһȣʱ˱ﱻڹˣҲؽɢ˵

ơ֮ղأκ֮Ӫ֮Ӣ꣬ˣ䡯īȻܱ֤

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Ըߵ۾۾ŻӣԹ˵ϵͽ˵ȫ׸ĸ𽥱ƽһԺը˫ſƵڵϣҪӵԹأԸ߳ٻ̧ͷ㵵ؿīīԸߣ̾˿Ը߶ԸߣҲˡ

һִˣעԸվڲͬϡ

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֪սʱڣ عڸĸǰصģ ͳ£»ٶȲҪ̫˵ ǿҪַĹ ִߣҪÿ갴˰Ǯ ֱӻˣбȨ

뵱ȻģѵĹǶˡ

Ҳʱǡǡ෴ Ϊȹҷ׷׸ĸ ǴĹܵعѡ

ʵ˵һ£ĸһֽζŹδǿ󡪡ҲҪѭ򽥽ġ

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˹Դ˳ͷףԴī֮µķʽԽԽңǰð뷨ŵ˹Ȼ֣˼ȥ

뵽˹̾˿ͻȻеīˣϧƶԷ׶༪ඡ

Ϊ̾

˹һߴ̧ͷʣ˹Ȼī£ɫ䣬գֲ㣬ȥ󻼡

ĵһ٣ʵ󻼣

˹һƣðɣǺ󻼣ǡֻֻҪԱĿմڣعδԤȻڵǰ

˹һĹȥ뿴ȱˡ

Դˣͷ̧̧һ£ֱԵ˵ĹԺɹ

˹ûüոյ³ֵһȻ

Ѿֲ֪һˣÿҪĹǳɱӣȥ廹ҪҪˣ

ȻûκηӦǷ˿һعԼ˺˼һ˹ͷոһȫ̾˳ε˵Ĺɳա

㡣νĹ㹻ˣ㹻īڵĴȻ˶٣赭дһ䣬˵ٺ»㵽ǰ

ˣ˹ͷг˾Ǿ



ԹСݡ

īĴûµ⣬Ҳû˳

˿̣ϽʣīһվţڸոգҪԱ˵Ը߲ī˲䷴ˮԸߵĻʯ壬һֱӽε

ԭʵѧһֵɻ˵ļܡ

Ըڵϣͷ˸󶴣ոܸоҵʹ⣬ֻܸоһɹɵůԺ棬ȻߵĹ𽥽һ

Ը߼ѵŲһͷ߶׼ī𣿡

ī˿ڶԹŬΪƻ̲Ըһۣû

Ȼû֣ҲûŹ̫ѨңīϣûµģϾ֮öλ֣ԸոرĵΪһ¡

ԸЦһ֪ԳǿЦҪ𣿡

īվԸߣͷ쵽Ըߵĺ󾱣Ȼ֪Էīǵͷԡ

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˵ģīҪˣܸ·ΪʲôҪȡһžŰʮһѣ

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һΣƺˣīŵУԷԥʵǡ𣿡

Թ˲࣬˵ôһ

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۷Źīضۣͬʲôһ㣬·һҪ۴·Եĳ൱ΣĪǱɵ˰ɡ

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Ҳ롣רעؿźǣָָһԵϯϴ

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ôľӣ϶˲ٵؽȻ˵жżôһνҪע⡣

ľͷͷƺһԸһ㶼⣬ֱߣīЩ֣ɡѾ˵ˡ

ѹ֣ΪҩңǲܶˮΣһ㶼֪ġ

īɡСı߷ë˵ķ棬ʵҲ˾ӣ

ǰ壬ˣɡҾˮϣðȥˮġ

úúãǰ壬īЦЦֳĬȥʣɡϲ壿

īͻȻʻɡɵ۾Ծؽ̧͵͵ī·ǵһνҵСһ㣺ʦ˵¸ʲô

㣬īټ࣬ϲ㣿

ݵĳĬɡ˿̹Ȼؿī̹Ȼؾֻǳһʵѣϲҩ

ɡĻشȫīԤϣɡԷƺЩʣȻīɡ֣ȴû뵽ɡȻֵ˳ףһӽ֮ǰõļƻȫ򷭡

īͷһȻеıӽɡڵʦи䷽չؼȥΣ

ɡ˵ЩʲôīǿӲһˡ

ɡЩʲô䷽Ҫһ˱չзǹһɡѡīī˵䷽ϸϸؼǵ



ҩʱīüֹס̴ӣ˹̴Ӽˣǳɫ˳ȥ

һֶҩһѹѹī᣿

īҡҡԴ̧ͷһ۾ͿںҩȻͱط࣬αιҩһһһιģֱҪ

ôţīѸٵҪҩֱۼֿ˹ȥ߸ߵؾҩ룬üȷʵǲˡ

īû˵ˣģҪҰӵݵϣԻ붼õϡ

īˣ˳£ĵؽҩһһ㴵Ȼһӵݵīϡ

ҩȥţ塣

׼īӮˡҺȡ

֪ǲīĴܸоһεҩҪҪЩһī׼ҩĽܣֶСļ˼ǮءǹͶι񫣬īȴֱðˮ

īüҪһףȴīһƿ𡭡࡭

īǿӲī°뵽ԷУζɬζŲĽڿ֮䣬˳ű˴˵껺뵽֮С

ſīڻ۽Էôô࣬´ι˲ιˡ

ī۽оˮڲð˲ſͣ£´ιΣ

ΪȻصͷһ߰īվһҪҪͽ̸̸ҩܱܲô࣬ˣΡ

ܣǺǡ



īţʱԷ˯޸˿ҪţϾʹˣԱȽ˯īҲ˿

ҪҪõö࣬˷綼ûеһ˿ڶпҪţΪ̫ȬرȽϳٻ֮⣬һжá

īС˳䣬þţ塣

ٸһܼҰգţҪϢá

ҾָˣҲǰʱīԴ¡

īҡͷɵģΡߡ

û뵽飬īЩȵؿһ䣺˱֤

Ͱţ嵱ǺĽťīȻˣЦҡҡͷ˵ģԺҲҪܼˡ

üʣǺ⣿

룬ǲǸðѰٶȹˡ

ҪΪҪǮ춫һѾ죬ҲҲûˣֱӰϽɸҵоԺˡ


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īҪѹͻΪȻܵ˾ܾ ʾһ ⣬ ī£úþˡ

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⻰˵ġīȥЩľս ֱӱ±ֻܾ˫黷īҪôӣ

Ǿˣīһ ôһ᲻ء

ۺЦ⣬ Ķǳ磺ǣ᲻þͺúòţ˸ҸõĹܼңܲţ

õĹܼҿɲңҪҪɫҪоԵģ һʱҲҲʵѡ

룬 ˿̻öһʱա

Ҳʡ붫

īڱĻص˷䣬˿ ڴͬʱԱߵҲ³һ

֪ǲ˵īͻȻЩգװɻصϣ޷Ҳʡģ鷳Ұѹ˱ɡ

Ըһ̴ӹǰСС˱ī˱ǣˡ

֪ˣīڰʾˣֱ֮Уߡ

ת뿪ͻȻֲĵתͷʵޣ

ī룡

ȷ㬵̲סˣֱӽ˱ǡ

Ӧһ߳ŭӳ顭

׼ؽӹ飬īûӦѸٵض㵽⣬ЦƢԽԽˡ

űߵ̴ӦԸ֮Լͷߵȫȫһ飬ȫõˣǲκյǽӻΪÿоǼ¼ڵ

ֽʶѸı׾ֿƼ򵥵Ĺ涨

齻ӡбȽϿɿ̴ӣԸͻȥҪޣſǽ߱ǣҪȥϸ춯ɱˤˣһ˶֪

̴ӹظӦǣŵ

˽ȥȻ𽥵Ц⣬תгΪη߱Բɵ̬ȴЩģȥ˸˽

ӰԽԽԶīе˱ʵղһֶûȥ

ոʵûκ£ԣĪطƢԭܼ򵥡ݲƸĲԵȡ

ԭĹϵǼ׷ҷȻǰͶʷĽɫϵ֮˾ͱ΢·ͱ˽ְ֣īǱ

ϧԴīԽֱתΪ׷ʵҪϰ߲Ҫǲܷ仹ҪһεҪģҲǷϰı

ǷŵԽ˵īͺܣǸʱҲ

õķʽīѰϵƽȣҲǱɺʷϾӻôżױǣѶȲһѡ

īЩͷۣһ̴Сؽݸīӣ

īӹƬ̣ȵȣҰ¡

̴ȻҪޣ

ī˳죺ŪЩľĺ͹

ˣҽùȳϲȱһľǿ



֪ĳʧںгƤ

ʾ̻ȼƿǻҩԸһķֳɣҪԽǮ֧ȨʹȨ붼룬ΪΪͼըѨ

˱ʾ̻ʲô⣬ȫҪǣ֪ܲôըѨ

ֱ֪ܲƵĵǶԷٵعڵط˼ǶҲʾ

ӵ壬ͻȻһЦˣƵ˿ˣԼˣ

ͷһͻؿʲô˼

֮ΪŰͼңؿһӱɫ飬һͼ֮˺ܾ֮⣿

ҧǿڰͼҲٳֶ꣬һ֮Ȩ

棿һӣпһţϧϧǸŮӣῼҪҪһ Լϧ֮飬ǿӲȷʵˣȻˣ˾Ͱһѡ

ʱŮӵλûôͣǾûкߣվλóҵ츳֮⣬ԻѪᣬˣҲȫƿ˼壬Ҫ˲֪ж١

˸оԾҪأˣջȵΪֹٻȥ˼˼

ˣҲͼ˵ˡ

ҧʲôʱ£˵ȷʵҩ˼񡭡

˵ʲô

˿ؼҵòַͼ˶ø˽֪֮÷⡮긾֮вٰͼҹʽ˺úýӴ£Ͳ˲ˡ

¡Ҳ˵ͳ˰ͼҺƣĿ֮ȻҪ̬ġһ£Ŭס壺˵Цˡ

˴Ӳ˵Цüư͵Ѿʼ졮Ų̊ˡ

ԭأؿȻûһֱ֧ȫ

Щ̣ͬв̫󣬰ͼһǽЩȽϷġޱʾ̴ӽȥȴһֻӿ

أԼߡ

߰ͷһһ뿪һ߰Ӱ



идػصīڵķ䣬īðʲôϲԼϲ£Ҳ̲סϲ

ĵʣʲô

īҲĵػشȣ

ЦݹϣīȵĸôûˣûīϹأ

īӣī֪Ψ˿ã

ȣҲǹȣĶҪƳͷ״Ǵ͸70ףٵģֳȡ

˵īòõġ

صģīһȼڸ첲£һܣ㿴ӵĹܲ˵˰ɡ

ӲصͷӵĹȷʵ㲻ȡ̧ܣҲī˵

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Щ֣еƹˤĸоùҲסطǿ

īˣͣתȦȦĽŲҪԣ

˻ɫаգ

īҡͷʵش𣺡û

ȻˣҲǿ˵ͷǾ԰ɣĪҪѹ

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ӦһԺ īûмֱȥ壬˱֪ʲô Ͷ±Ͳô棬 ҲûŴīǽעתص֮ϣȻ֣ Ҧ־Ȼû

ȷ ȷԼѾگ֮еָҦ֮˰˹˹˹Ƽģ ȻҪΡ

ī˷ǳԾҪ뿪ȴס޷˹Լˡ

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˹úܿ죬 ҶҲǳ˴𸴣Ĺ£΢Űٶȹڴ˴±룬ʶҦֶЩʱա

ˣ룬 ߵˮݸ˹Ц㵹Ϣͨ ⾵ǰղҪߡȰøҦ֣ Ժ˻רŹӦ

ʵˮе㲻ģôľҲͷһμֻûȾҪߣҲС̶ֳȣҲ˵ⶫ죬жһ㣬㹻ˡϾˮģ廹лٵ˺

˹ӹӣԼһʱûסһ΢ľ̾⾵Ǻ죬

ˮ˹ַӦЩɣ䲻֪

˹ߴӾƿ΢֪

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һ£һʼ˵֮ʲô

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˹ЩԾǣīҲ֪£顣

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˵֪侹˷ģӦظˣ˺ĵΪҦҪ

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ƺǷģ΢΢˿˹ȷܳڣΪ˳֣ǽ˹ؾƣԷҲ˲СĽΣ𽥱λ·ʱѹѹˡ

룬ǹ̫ģԺҲô£˰ǡ

˹ͷһʲôû˵žӳĬȥˡ

ҡҡͷոĻ˹ĵߣԷԸڳϵĻȨ˹ԽˣҲԽҪֹԷֱǶѭ

һתͷī˻Ǿ˹һ̫࣬ʲôƼ

ʵҸƺһ˹

īһһڵǣ

Цˣҡ׷ϣϲǣ˹Ҳף볯µϡ

һʱҲ벻īԼ֪һ飬ȷޣ

ӣ˵ԷһֱΪعŬССóĹԱҲƼ˲٣ϧһֱƳ˹ӵμң޵ĵλһֱ᲻ȥڿҲȷʵøĸˡ

˾飬ʣҪȥһǧ˳ǹר

īһ֣˱ͲݸֽȻð



عǧ

ӹûǱȽģȻ˵ű༭ͻƵ˫ְ񣬵ǶĻҲ˲ٵˣǰգǳǵؽЩϳһϵͳûҲճ

ڣڽ֮ʱӴһǧĿˡ

˵

һҵҲǸطǿ˼ֱǼ̵Ĵ

ʷϵļأóľǽţ򻻳챦׸ʮļ۸ʹͻţһһȥţൽ\ùţ\Ϊʱȫĸ̣ںʼѶ󣬸\\һĴԺͳһʵۡע1

Է˵ʹ֮ǧģΤеڻ۵㹻ĲƸ֮ҪʼѰελϵͻƣ˶ôһˣôԸҪǿŲ塯Ӵġ

ǧ˵һ˾ֱӰ˴ˣֻ̬ʵڲãһ󡯵ذӵһ𣬾ͲֱӰ˸ϳˡ

ҪźôԶʳҲһֱŲߣΪǧĹˣԽְֻóӴҶԷȻ鼮ȱȱȴԸרȤܴø˿

Ȼ޷֣˵ʵ̫ˣۼֱʷʫѶȡǧֻսǮţ³ԿҶϼͷҲûطŰ

 117 

ǧһ涨 ǲջҵģҲһŲգ عԼĻҲϣ ֻϽӣҲԣ ֮һ̸

˵ǷǳѺõģ Ӫ˴뱲ӣû˵Ҫ ھ£ţѾӲͨˣ˲ҪţҲڽţƤģ 뵱ɾǱƤعġ

һǳεľأ ֻдȺţ򣬶챦عطòһʱЩȣ룬˼·ʣȻˣ ǧӶȻܶ࣬ﻻЩ ɺáܹϹ涨ˣ

Ⲩһʱ֮侹ȻҲʲôĻ Է˵úеܾЩԡ

ⲻţר𣡡

⻰ȷʵû¶ʵֺЦݣΪķĶڲϣƼ̿ʱľһн׽ﻻǱںƷֵĹߣҵ𴦻ӣҲҵţר

ôһ˵޾ȻһֻȻĸоҵܽĵҲгɣⶼѾ漰ѧˡ

޾Щ֣ȻԷô˵ܻǾֵֹģʱ˳Ĭ˰죬ͷȻָʹûƽţѡǧͼݣС

ĸҡͷܾУطӰա

ûƳɹеϧؿһ룬ĵʣȻˣСѿɷϷƼЩûĵط

һһֱû˵̧°ͣʾͼӪġ

ֹؽƷҪݵλģҪҴͨ˻ﻻΪһֻܽӴңӪô꣬òרĽģ˵Ļ˵óġ

һЦһޱؽġƵھһҳרעĶڲ˵˵ҩ֮ϲ

ǳɫûд壬ɫϿҵʵɻԵƼ

ЩΪѣ뵽Ҫɴȥ

Ҫɴҹ˰աһΧõڿڽӻ൱Ȥؿһƽ˻õóġ

ֵͻȻûüӦǸѾϰͻ飬൱񣺡

ֽ˸ޣȻ൱Ȥؿֱ˵ʵԸԵ

ԶԷոնԾõͿ㹻ˣһ˼飬һֱǿƸӮõȨߵעģвŻ⿴ǵһΣеͷΡ

ǧһʺ̸ĵط¶ݺΪ߰Ļ̫࣬׻Ǹˣ˻ǶŽðͼҵĵ̽顣

Դˣ嵱ȻǲĵģЩذͼңؿ޺ӿʼ̸ԥ˰컹̲סҪȥֹտʼȴīסαض˼ҵǰ;

ǰ;ЦԶزȥĲԭ

ī˹ػشԣΣԼѡ񡣡

峰ôô˵ҲԼѡģ

īҡͷǱƵġ

⻰Ϊʲô˵ôӦ

īû뵽Է̹Ȼ̹ȻضЩ޳ˡ

Ŭ³һ侲ȻˣǱûʲô˵ģдܣԱ㡣

˵ձҪתߡ

㻹лѡأ

ʶضס˽ţѡǰߣͲӦعһжˣôܻлѡ

īԼڲܻѡġ

Ȼתͷʲô˼

ī̧ͷЦЦҵ˼ǣ˵Ĵվǿѡ𣿡

ĬؿīڵҩĵѡǿԾģվܷнҪûѡ䷽վгɹ

ʲô˵ǣġ

˶Ƭ̣ͻȻЦˣ˵īҩȤ֪Ըһ̽̽

īЦ

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 ī壬ֱſ̸ ó Ϸ̸վùʣҲڻɫ Զٷ ƽ޴

ĸؿ˶ԷһǵͷӦ ô˵Էת䣬ϲּġ

ôһع󸻺ˣ еʯͷҲڵԷ£ θڴ󿪣ǰͼҵķ˻˴ĺ˿θ

˵ĴΪĴϰߴӹŴѾ˳޵ûйȻǽ˺̼Լζ٣ ִ̼ĿС

Իǿ˵ģ˵ͽã īҲֻܹ΢΢һ㣬ⲻīͶԺԶ֮ˣ ʵ෴Ҫ˴ϣҪԴΪʳһ

˵ʵһʼīΪ׼ģǣīȥ֮źˮȥ֮󣬾ͳĬˣôǴ˵ӡ

չǴ̼ԵʳģڲǷĩ״ǵīͼˮե֭ʱŽĴ̼ҺȻ̼ۿ죬ֹסᣬ͸ίһ

Ҳû˼ȥīúʲôˣǰī§˻ӰԷᣬסīĶŪˣȥա

īĪİĸе±ƣǵôίһǿӣ൱˳ӵذĻ˳ȥתһСľϸϸο

īҪʲôˡ

Ҳīں汧ī˿֣þ̾Ŀ⿴ŶԷøֹ߽ľͷĥֵӣԽī

īоȣһеĸоҲǻзԽ䣬һһǳɵַľͷϸСĿ׶ᴩܵײһల˻ϸϸڽӿڴơһ׶ֲִڵͷʹγɡ

һԵ̴źˮѴīʾˮ׼СƿУոõͷšȥ룬磬ȻɹǺԼ

磡ѵһĨᣬʲô

ɹī޹رǺߵһԡͦɹġ

˳ǣɹʲôɹù˵᣿

ȻǣôģȻȷʵܺ桭īСƿԺд̣ǣ

Сƿϸϸǡİ

õӣΪʲôоô֡

īǷһҪúôţ

˷īҲõ٣ȫ⣡

Ǻú̸һ˭Ҫٵˡ



ȻвİȫͻعذȫߣҲԲǳصġнͲҪСߡ

ЦŽƿīȻԷͷԼðա

īץס֣ŵԼǰϸϸġϵ·˶Է󴦣Ĵ̲ססī֣ī΢΢ҡҡֱۣһ

˼ƣ

ЦؿīȴǲԣɫصŶԷĶ

īûӦɴ˳ֱ§ס˶ԷĲӣɫв״

üǲ

īͷҪܾĻ˴䣬Ƭ̧֮ͷʣһ֣

üī΢΢ʪ촽һֵĻǲġ

īǰҲȥû£Թġ

һֵ龡ڴ֮ϣĽڴ˾ϵͳһСƿӾع䵽䣬еҺת䵹ӳŷƸĳֱڶ챻Сʰ𣬴װһ˵ȵĻ



ڶ죬عڡ

ãﴧŷĲɵųϵĴСˣҲ֪īûС

ֱǶеĽ⡪˵ҪķѴ񣬼ҲһĶá

Ǹ˸ոճˣӦٽһ顣

ϴ̬ȷǳãǱĵٽظһ飺΢ԡΪؾ衢ܺѾȹ򡢹ԵءԵصѾʱԡŻ֮ˣԻᡢԻء

΢΢üͬù˷Щأ

ȻԹľѾͶеĺ˻˶ԸӣŷַµŻ׹岻ûУţëĵܾ֮ܵһȻǲ˳ۣȻԷ͸ɴ֮عҲֵ֧ģȴû뵽ǻ

ĲǵǡǷֻǳϡΪȹԡԵΪá

ΪãüһʵʺǣΪ˭ĺãعǺ

⻰Щˣ죬ȴȻִΪععá

Щʧؿźǣ׶Է뷨ԼĹܹǲϣͿ̿ģԷô죬ЩҪᣬعѾɢա

˵ձ뿪Ⱥ׷ɢȥִҪ˵ԷһУһۿŵ˹

Ȼĺʦֻǲʺϳ

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κ 

κȽϿգһع˼ѹ һǾκԭ򡪡ƺַˮˡ

κڻƺΣ ĸ׺ӲͬʱҲţȻʱֲûôأˮȻڣ ݵŮ洴˵ʱڡ

ڳзֳϵ һŸϽ˳Ҫعȫǰռ һҪȴˮ⣬ϾٲΣˮҪˡ

κԴ˾ͷˣתдѯʹߣ û룬 Ⱥֱӳˣ˺κ⣬ҪͬʱִУκһѡ־֢ɴֱӰճ

ȥ֮룬 йٱʱ˵˿ţ ȷʵмֲŻõҲʮ˳֣ һ൱Ŀ

ǳʱسκǰȵع񣬷Ļͣκǰס˶ԷЩԵֱκЩεذ˽𣺡񡭡

¶ԴƵݣʱǹƽģҲȥһ죬ɼˣȴû˼ȥٵһζԴؿһκЩؿκ۾ֳ졣

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׼Ǹö ν̲ϴˡ ȻĳЩ£ ָܹӵһ涨κеˣȻᣬ Ȼ壬 ɽǻغúõأٳԴöȣ ȫûܵίġ

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Ȱǣ ֻҪҦֵһй ܹ֤ǵİȫǺǾܾˡ

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ȻīиҦֵ£

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ʱ ǻʶغԵʱţǰ ʱı仯ϸ΢ģ ҲڷȰ˺֮Ȼ֣ĺѾˣʮ͡Ҳعꡣ

ǰ Ҫյͷ ղ̬һ·յļ ճȵؽһ£֮䲻ضԣĸϿء

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Ҧֿ鱨Ѱ˼Ƭ̣Ĵ㣬תȥ

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Ҫ˵ڵĳ̹˭ Ǿǹ԰ԴӶ ԰õĹ⣬ ԼԳĿƣΪ˳Ȩ

ȻòײˣȻҪú Ҫǧظ˺ݺع ݺʲôģĿǷΧ֮ڣ ˣš

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ʹ߶ӵʺڳתԲԼļӲȨõ֮

Ȼ԰ĺվǵͷҦЦصʱ԰ʶ˲ԾΪʲôԷĿܶӣֱ

԰һҪƲܼҦֵĳ嶯 ʵڲ˵عߣֻӲͷƤӭȥ

ҦѾڴȴˣ ϸϸشûʵٴȲ û뵽ȴܱȵľϧһݴׯϡ

ʹԶĳʧԶӭˡ

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Ҧְȵԭأ˭۽ΪعֻЩСϢ֤ġ

԰õɫҦֵЦʵ㣬ܵģ



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԰İ



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ļȱһ氮ڽܸɳɹôһīͿԾٰˣ

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Դ µìܷ𽥴תƵع䷨֮ عǴһһǰƣ մѪζǿƽعıһεıմȴһͭζ

˵ Ĺμһɫߴϴ£ ͨأ߿ڡ~ܡĹΪ׵ۣ һΪ~ļ̨Ϊսֵķԭļ̨޿Ѱ٣Ǵ˿̣ عǿĹ Ժʱֵķʽ½ع˵ǰʵļ̨ϣȻɫľߴ촹£ɼβڴأҪһ㣬 һ˸ߵķ϶ڡվ߿ڴ˵»룬 ˲˺Хľ΢ƵĽ׹˳ĻɫȻŤľ棬 վ˵Ӱŵ棬ΰϣŶֵֹص˾η

īΨһһЦˣû취ȻСʱٵĹӷ׵ȷʵ˺ЦīɵʷαϡӺݻ󡯵ʼ󡭡

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︷ˮ鲨áע1

˽Ϊ֮ΪȻ·ţʥˣ׵۲̣ÿ꣬Ϊ֮У˲ţȫڴ˼ˣл񡣡

ʣЩ𼫴𶯣ˮķȺ֮ӿ̹šˡˡЩǿڶഫĴ˵ǿǹеѪЩܹԽĹԣĸطˣ˿̶ŴԶŵŲŵ̬ȴż̨ϵ񼣣·̫ˣǿһʥսһУ½һϣ

ϣˣһǹĺȻ

˵ģƽֶΪηòģץͶĺΪ

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˵īѺʲô㶰ȥɡ

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תͷ˹͢ξ׼

ʽܼ򵥣ǽӡعͼڵͭת˾У˵ɡ

˹ĲɵͷŴӼ̨µĺԼԼĴ̧ʰϣոڸʲôʦûعǹʲô

ӦøԼʷŶԡ

Ҫ֪ԭ뷢ǵĻ˵ôˡǲԸֻѡ˹ȻʷҲŵ䲼޷ˣϾǵһ죬˵Ϊã˹Ҳȷʵõ

Ȼͺǵġ·ߡ󼡷˵ѡȣ˹϶Ȳ϶Է˹ġ顷зΪֹǧĦ漣Ȼﲻ

־ˣʵīģ뷨īȥǱīһƱ˲ԸϣôǿҲûãǶԷǿȡĺ֢ҽڣ˵Լ岻ʣݡ

ӦͲٷ׵īʾĬ̾˿ֻضԷԸȻľͷɡ֮ҪûĻӦǹɡģκʱľͷò΢ҴŪ˹뷴ԭ

ī˵ģǽѧֺоģǷ죬ɡƵĻҩ޷óĶҲֻһ֣֪ԭľͷֻС׳ôɡһս֮ζԷеǶԹߵȫо

īľͷļ򣺡Űɣ

ľͷҡҡͷҪ˵һ㶼ǲܵģ˵ľͷҪúܶˣϾ~̨ܼùԭġ

ľͷȲǰī˿Ȼһ氮ܣЦӦûɡ

ޱ飺У˵ñǮĸң

ƭֻǸͭưɣ

ī

㣬ʲôʱôпˣ

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ܵҪȻǱ˵ģ ˣܸǶһ΢

ں΢ ľͷľͱȽϼªˣ ĿﾵԻ磬ˮƳɵ͸⾵ҲûôƬΪԭЩֱ ǵīŸеʵҶıƤŵ΢ʱ һ״ֲϸģسǵҰС

Ҫ˵īûָǲܵģʵϣ ΢īֵԳģϵڶۿֲϸˣ˵ʵеۡ

ʱ򽲾ʲô Э֮˵ Զʱڵӵм֮ǿڲתīָЩС˵ɲ֣

ɣīʾ˵ˣС治ɲ֣ ЩСԲǡĿǻƤϸʵ飩

ôһ˲䣬īƺĳ˵ʲôˡ

ͷԵӣ īȰߣߣԷԹӣװģ ԺǲҪҩˣԡһ͵˽ܵı֪ȴ쳣˷ܵ״̬īɽܻ᲻ý𣬵ȻֻīĻɣʵϣȫҽݡ

ӵĽҲЩ֣ѵҺʪɵʣûǷоѰɣ

ī϶ҡͷǰ޻عÿͶҽƵķ̫ˣô˵ģҽβС

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ǽоţȨǮ



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ع˵һλˣΪεһȺɽѡҽʦǿûи߳ļӵжҽѧĳԣҲҽʦĲңԵһȾ컨Ĳˡ

컨ƤͱϣȻһ֮ãи߶ȴȾԣԻĸʩҽʦȾڡֻҽʦ𽥱滻Ҷֱ׳

ʧȥĵһˣҲһţĳɹҲ޷ĨƽеıʹôûеŬ׷ѡ

ܸϻصҽʱ󲿷ҽѾ뿪ˣǳɹˣҲʧˣԸؿԼսһԼǰʣǸҽߣ˿ſףҪڹżѰƵķ

ܽ΢£ǰа취컨㲻ỹ˼⡣

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ܳĬһᣬ˵ҹżҲȻǶԵġ

˵ͱۡ

ҽʦΪȻν鲻飬СʱҳƵھˣ˳֣һúõؾطһߣż࣬Ҫš

ܿһҺܼ컨ӡ

ҽʦҽʦʾԼͬˣΪ˵ʲôɻ̧ͷʣҽʦǺ˼ʲôܿ컨ӣ

Ϊʲôܱ

ܰŪ΢ʵΪҪ֪㣬ֲҵӡ

ҽʦ±ƣµ𡭡

ܣǲǴôͲҵ˼أ



عļʱһ䣬ĸˣع±˷ǳ飬ǴţǴǱĳɾǶǷģвϣ׵ԼϳɾһЩ˴ǲ֪µ꣬ʵʵĳ˻ǽ˼ԼĹϣ˵Ҧ֡

ֶعģʲôûУ˹ĳɹף˶ԷһȻֽ˼ô׬ȡϣȫȻ֪ҲлýģϾȷʵΪعĺƽ˲ٹס

Ҧ֣ȴīһƱԲҦֲ˳ۺþˣǲܵġ

Ҧ˵ҪǧϻعҲǲģһˮĻᣬô׷

ڳκһңԴλûعܣȻԭҪıս˼Ҳ˺ܴãȻмٲعĹƻ

һ󲿷ֵıͶع˵ͣٽϻƽڵҦɻɣ¸ԷҲκκعԿ˼

ҪһʽģҦֵʹߵ棬ɹؽ£˹ǰѾǵˡ

ʹҧгݣһﻹûˣбɲɹ

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Ԫǰ231꣬ ǰ֪Ǻԭ عΪģ ԼͬͣսתƵ֮ϣعʱ һ߻ֱľã һƼյ𲽵ո˺Եһѵأ ųfѺس׵˰֮УⲻӭеԴʵϣ ĳЩ˵ ûսζǿԳʵľֻϣ˵˵κ

սҲϣǻǹ΢οһЩܹ˶ӣ Ӷôһ㾫ȥѰϵ㡣

ྫ׷ܳԼͳ ʱķչֵʽҲԽԽ ԭʼɤߵ࣬˺෽ʽǲ಻ͬ

ʷĺۼǴ˽⵽ԭʼʽû

ʱǧؼյұӣʷмصĵʣ֤۵ĿԣȻĸ߽

ڵĸ߽Ϊһͨʦ׶ĳһƹﳣ빷;Ⱦ˻ȾƣȵĵʱֱӰԼ質ųžͿ·˵

û취߽󣬵ûôҲȷʵû泪ʲôɾͳ˳ȷʵеңΪ͸ԵҵĴǳ˲ģ˵ҵھҲء

߽벢Щ飬ֻҪ˳ĶΪǣĺֵܾ˵ܲţȻΪʽЩţʵһһӵġ

߽벦Ūһ͵ľƵžĵɲһľƣعŪİ׾ƣ˵һͿ˺һգҪһԣǿϧԶУƷ׾ˡ

ܿ͵ˣƹ߽룬ֱ̳һᣬ̾ƺңĪعİ׾ƣ

߽Цͷ̳еһݸ𣺡ԣ

ӹ룬һڣֱɤۣɤʣˣˣλؼң

֮ǰȵľȲˣǰҲǺ˹ƾˡ

߽һ⡭ûá

ʱֳԵˣ·߱ҵһˣöԷūͳˣŷĵ߽˾

˵ΪƵˣǰ׾ƣҲû׷ŵˣֻþ͸߽е

߽Ժؿžˣãʵ˵տǷ˲ƣ

ԵؿŶԷ

Ǯôôūͣ

˲ѣִ̽תؿһȺͣк£

ڵʹӹ档



ʱ̣Ϊعǿƣ༰ʱ֮ͽ̫ӵȴԲ֮Уʵϣÿ춼ڽ֮С

СڱʵѾֳܹϦˣһǿȵĸԲ󡪡ʵǣڵСһңϣǾϣĸȴĵλøһǲȥʹֽӶشʧܵϢ̫ӵԽкͽ꣬عĽ幥ѵأ²ռԵһǳصĳf˳·ռأϲı߽ʱֽǸиǴﵽ˶塣

ΪѰȫУʦȰ裬ȻȻعѽڡ佫ʵڲܿƹԹĽڣ̫ӵĺܶࡣ

Ҳ֪ⲻõӰҪİȫõķʽҪع࿹ʵ

ʵѾ߷ڣ롢뵥ںͺãȻ㡣

ʵܹǸУҦֵĿУʹ̽䣬ҲΪ˵Ĳԣ̫ӵԽԸַڡɣ࣭̣𣭳ң࣭ʣ룭أע

Ǿڱѡ£ε̫ӵƼ⣬һλ

пһԡ

ƽ̫ӵһҪһ˲ţڴھ֮Уһץסĵݡ

ʦ

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ĳЩ ʵʱЩѪʿûңڣ ҪԵĲǿ ҹҹıϮǷȵʳͶԹ̹ǵ˼

ǾδƴصԼϼʱܹ̹ģ ʱʿҪ˫ȫ ļʲһ㹻ԣģֻؼҰӡ

ڴƴһѧʶԨ ˫ȫʿƽڵڶʮΪġź 㰲ĵؽ ֱƽ

̫ˣȻҿžϵ̫Ӹ˵ʵʱ൱Ըģ̫ӵϤ ʶضˣһ̫ һӼһУҪǾ쿪 ͲǸˣֻ밲ȵعӡ

ǣȴ̫ӵʱ΢ıһ뷨Էһ͸ʲôһֱԵŸ·ҪʱλӣʵǿЦе

һŻ̫ӵʿϧḻԼܸıһң

̫ӵ̬ȷû˵Ϣһҵļ̳˶ųӣôģ

̫ӵ̲סѣعĲʲô˼

񣬿ڵʢ׳֮ʱһտɱǧǵ˥ϣӵҲܵǰߡ̫ӹ˵ʢ׳֮龰ȴ֪ҾѾ˥ߡ

ܵĻһڲһ㣬̫̲εعУκһ˿ϣתƵĳһ䣬һҽʧĲһ㣬ʵ治ԸȾ͵͵ˡ

ε̫ӣѾˡ

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ʿȫƾһ塯֣Ӧ֮£Ȼ



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һɱȷʵѣһ滹ǳ̫ϡ

Ȼε˵곤ϳɵ£ñ˻̫Ӹ˵\˵ģǹҴ£ϣҪй¶\̫ӻҡһȴñ˻Ͳнڲ١ˡע1

ν˲ɣ˲ã̫ӵľǶֶɵԸ񣬵ɱҪǱ˴֮Ρ

ͷŻ˵ʲô˾վֱԼıһ׹ûӦʱѾһѶ̽ԼĲӼ䡣

ֺαˣʧɫὣֻܰڵȰȥǡ

ϣȥ̫ӣҡͷһһ㽫пԼĲУƽȵظͲһˣʱ˵Ѿˣй¶ܡ

ҲٱϣڱһȴȻʵֲԼ롭ֻҪˡ

Ȼܾˣұ㲻ȥˣ

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˵Ǳȥ̫ӵģ ̬Ȼòȥ̫ӵ֤Լû֤˼ ߵͷ ǿعǿԼΪѣ̫ӵû취 ֻܺóԺúȵعž Ϊ䡣

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ʵϣ ̫ӵҲȫ޵ ǵعͨǧ͵ʱ̫ӵѾԤеսĵ

ΪѹķڸعԴ򣬶عֹͨӵķڣ̫ͨӣ

⻹̸ëò״عӳˣоôȥĵֱһս飡

ܵǣ Χе˶ȰӦҪ һ뵽ԼҪػصɼģ̲סط һǱģһǸµġ

ȥҧУѾܵɵôԭԸɿڣǡһ̬ȻϿң

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̫˿оԵΪЧȮ֮͡



ع

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ʱΪϧǸعԵˣȷһĽ죬ڷս档

ȻԼӵͱŪˣֻܻһʵԼĴ滮˱ˣǰİשʵڿϡ

ԭīһģκҲˣ˼ȥعľıξԡרҵľӦרҵ

Ȼīξ˾͸ˮһȦƵãģϻкü͸͵СһǾôؼңǵøɡ

Һãīİְ֣ǲܡ



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˭Ըһ𣿡

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һԼװһƬǽ壬һ˿ȣ֪ĻΪոڶ飺һ

һ

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죬Խάȵĵͼȫȫģʲôͼ

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ɳ̣Цذīͷմͷŵɨһ飬˿̻࣬վΣ

չԹ˵ǡ

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ЦʾͶˣͽɳ̰գͦġ

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̫Ӳֱֱ̣ؿ̫ӵʣǱع֣֮



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á

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ع Եء

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ǰսһ㱬ļûУ ΪĸƣٵʣճĲʹ𽥱١

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ս־ֳҦߣõĿڲʿȻ󷢷ƣЩ²ʿڱϴԡ֮ȫŹ磬ȻҦֿ˿۵Ʋ٣عɱǴ£عΪ˵ʿײ֫ʱڱǴﵽ˶塣

һʩֵøǻֻ֡ǵضһԮ

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ԽԽԥԭбִ֮һǺԣعʱ޿̶ʵһһ棬عιҲѾͳµ׼

̤һ˵ĵ۹ĳһġ



ô˵д̵ıܹȷʵܺãһߵȻȫȫسɳ̵֮С

ò˵ȷһֲˣܰӥѼӣб°ɽ

Һ֪֮ģµȡӣˡ

û˸һӦī˰죬൱ӵػӦǵء



ǷվɳһСʱڹˣɡƲŵͼֺؽ˳Լȥһľ߽ĵ˼С˷ڳǳϡϾǸʮĺӡ

ͬڸոյĳĬξڴ˿̸˸߶ȵۣ̾Ϊӣ

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īǺðŶ

ȴɳɵʱź֪ԼξĿġ

عū֮ţнⷨ

ڻ˵һջļڣֻҪɣǱ㲻ٵĽӣķ۹ǣȻ˵Ĳңӣ˵ζſݻƵĲݵأ˻żвҪԴﻹʳЩũͳͳ

ȻҲǲԣһ棬ûԸǻһ棬ܰõΪʲôҪۣ

ȻʰǣΣڵǰͳһҪĿֻ꣬Ҹʱţʱ㡣

Դˣξڼǰ׼Сģս۷ȲЩǣ۴ֹۣ˭Ȳ񽫾

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׻˵úã ӱĲֻһӣ ңԶع ְȥġҲݳ

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Խ磬·Ҫ޵ɫϴˢһ㣬˶ڽҳһƬ±ûɬ 137 

ڱսٶȷǳ죬 תڱ ȥ ԶսߵعԿ

Ȼڸϵʱ˵·Ҳ˵ȴ̫ӵԴΪա

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ʱ 컹δҹнżļ˸λ ¼žĵ·ȴճ Ľֵûеôįܹ黹ԸΪԼƴֻһǵزǵˡ

ߵ÷ǳС Ųؾ±˷һ㣬 ߵȴþˣһ̵Ĺ һĵطǧ

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ֵĳʵԣڳļ廹ܹṩһõĽģ ṩƵΡ

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ԽֱԽԽʧΪĻѳֳ۵ȹϵҾ͸룬ұһ࣬κеֻܱһá

ȻȲˣǱ뿪ɣǣһģҪȥع

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룬ǳɴǱټҰعΣ

ĸֻһ֣

־عˣԽķʽһ·ִعȻ֣عǧ󶼽ȥ

ֿǧҪϽԭ鼮Ҫ˻ں޵ˮΪʲôǮ౳飿

ԭ࿴˽˽عֱֻӿʼ˵óֹ˵ѧ˵˵ɢǣҲΪʲôҪ࿴ĵ

Ȼˣһ޴ѣҪôȥ

ʱĵģʽ൱գǲܵģعûֶʽԴֺܿ˼侽ȵ

ңǹƽģǧ˿˻ȥϣֵı仯ʲôģȵһڷ𣿿ķ쿴öˣµʲôܽܵģ

ǣûκԥֱӵǧ󱨵ˣʱ㣬ܲ˻ῴΪʲôôڣ

һǧ־;ˣΪǵһû뵽бӼȵˣڵǧֱס

һֻʶٸֵСǸûʲôָʶ;򣬽ֻΪ̰ȡ죻һǱѹȥĹ壬ȥݽ׼ҲҪвȻǸӦͲ׼ͶˣǧĹõѡ

ЩֲûжϵҪΪַԣڶѧϰʲôģǲ˳ֵ¡

̫˹ԭ桮ֵ䡯ŵ˵һУΧһȦưܳȻԴΪģԼεıתͬһĻϰ



һͳչǧعǰߣҲȻ𲽷ѾһλǲϴˣΪʲôǸ佫ĹٵĻ

Ѹ鼮ֽϷøɵ𣿻Ҫ֣

忴Űϵֵ䣬е˵ĳ嶯Ҳֻ룬Ҫ侲ǴģաܺãֱӸô졭

֣㻹ãиӰ㣬һߵӶˣҼǻСã˲ݾɳɶ鶼ûУӹһ١

ͱȽϱˣǧܵɶûϣûصسռ顣

ڶ£һģ̾˿ڽʵοʵҲΪֻ֪ᵱȻһɡ

ˣ͸ˣֻҪȥУΪһ쵼ߣҪǹµˣȻڹؼʱ̾ʵôһ֮ͬ

һ㶼ûбοȻ޾ɣҲ˵һǵñⱾ顣

εͷҪලǿ϶ѧһ飬ŶˣüһΪ쵼߻Ҫñá

˵佫ֵ䡯ǿ񣬡ڵк£ôս´򣿡

ҡͷЦ˵ЦˣκɳأͶſˡ

ԼҶϣҪҵǼǱ˼ҵĺӡҪʲô¡

Ц·ȻĬϡ

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ع 

еսǱžģΨмλĽ ԼļʮΪС磬 ĴΪռ鼮

عҲһһļžʶҲֵסļƻʱǷ׷׿˷Ǳģʽ ǧһĿѿֹݸʱ ȻҲûԸȥһۡ

ˮǸķӣܲԸڹô죿

ԥ˰죬 ҵһˣ纡

ǰعĳ佫һ飬ΪĳԪϾռλ֮ϣֻΪùҪ֪ ʱҲǹκ ڳĽعϿǸһȹƵˡ

Ҫ˵ϣЩҲԼְ洦ؾν䣬ֻΪ̫أǹ˼̫࣬ ˲ûд¶ȫΤ˹Щ˸ѹȥ ҲΪˣŵ԰ȵǰʣϳкηԸ

ѵðڳһѧӣ ҪīҪ̲סһֱҪæ

纵ͷ뽲ϳԵ߾ȫ

ǧ½һ飬κʽ򣬹˼ȥҲֻˡ

ãøӣòе㵣ĶԷӡ

Ȼ纲ûֱӴӦȰһ䣺ֻλȥǧˣ͵һæ

纳Ĭ˰죬˵߹΢ˣ΢һͷӣƽʲôѣ΢ܣ𷣡

΢΢üһֳǣȻ̧ͷʵһԸʹ֣

һ纵ǲûУҡͷ΢飬΢ˡ

ʶ̫ˣθĳԼԼ͸ʷ˶켣˵Ƕһ壬˵ǷʵҲѧֵ£ⶼһ飬Щնµͷ­ָ»֪ƶ١

ˣֻúõعʣµӣһ㶼Լʸ֮ĵλϡ

Ȼˣ纣Ŀ⾼֪¶عǷ

纹ֵͷܿ۾³ɣӹΰʷᡣ

һǰ纵֮ӣʣ治ʷһԼ֣

⡭΢ǲС

ȴȻſѵһûųģһϳôðסöԷĳȥǧ󿴿ɺã͵ˣعˡ

̫һ׳˵Ұͨȶȴݵ纵Ƭ̵У纲Ծص˵ͷȻû

Ѱ𣡾һ˲еģһҲУ

˵ɣǰϲײǧӦʵҪԵײѹıֻôôΣա᲻˴ɱԼȥˣļ塢ô죡һ˼ңôʧķӦµģ

ﵽĿĵѾĵط֣Žͳ⣬Ȼתͷȥī߶ԷϢ

ȻһţͿīſ̵һ⧲ؿоԷ޲ðԼͰеصطӣѾī͸͸ͷ˶Է⡭ҪֻڷСĻǲӦġ

ͬԶԷϤòϤīҲ֪Էʲôֻ߲εվôˣ

ü˹ȥ˰ϵһмʵʲôʱȤˣ

īڨЦǰһʱ䡣

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˰죬ī³һ֣

ֱīǰ½֣̽ܿͳһһСˡ

С˾磬ԿóȻ˲ʱ䣬ֻСȣСԵرЭһԲͷԲԵԴͶС壬ҲģСȳơȻıȻĿɰֱǶȤζ

ȤζĲͷıС˿ȥƺе

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ī̿ˮƳƵҡ

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īˣѾֻԷܿڶϣ΢ôһ㡭

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ع ڶա

˵Ů˵ÿµôһεĻôҪԵǵڶϵΣ Ȼ īһޣͲˡŹ֣Ȼ ĳڰֶ֢״

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ǳѸٵīĻ üʣ򲻿ɣ۾ֵ֮Σ

īһְסҵ֣Ŭֺȣҡûƭ

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īܵز˲䣬Ȼûлκ֢״ ֻǱܣǰ治á

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Ҳ棿

īæͷûǵĿԼ⣬ֻܸϽ⣬ֺõ棬ֻǡ뵽Ͳ֪Ǹ֡Ǹ˳

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̾˿֪ǲǹģǡȫ絽īĶϣŪ飬īôīȥҪըˡ

ʱ鶼㱵īߵţɳƶԵĵͷƤսͷīĶϣһ߹ˡ㣬ã



֪īǻ˶Ž仰εû͵ĶŽϢȷʵ»δһͳ֮ǰδʵ֮ǰ

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ȻǷʰ



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һͨ˵ݻ켣ǧģûϳϾôҲһλȨصˣǧﶼǵ½ײ㣬һ档

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˻ʱֻ纶ͣģȻԼԸǧ壿

ֳĬضӣǹ´ǵķΧѵǰλʶֶ࣬дҲ죬࣬ȻȻҲӦߡ

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ԥһ£ǽԼոϾֻ۵ģ纱ɡ

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˵գǳٵؽϵļ鷭һ飬¼ÿȻطֿԼǰǸһһΣ

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ȻͷдرȽϴһЩ飬ŵǰЩִЩɵ㣬١ͺãһȥġ

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ոչ˵ǮһЩʱ򣬶ԷӿɲҪ̫

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ұˣ⹤ʱСѿмƻ

ΪʲôԷô⣿

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ε̾ôⰡ

˾ͬһĿѧңǰȻͬĶһµؿ͡ӦȻһϵеķӦʱʱһԣΪعһδ档



κ

ǸģǻƺˮҲýʵʵأ㱻˳񲼣ڱϷƵû˷䡣

̫Σˣ߰ɡ

֪ڸ˵ʲô徹ȻֱӴӦ쾡һĲκǸոմظϵκڱֱ˴һֱε죬ƺȷʲô

ߵɪɪΪʱǣ¶췢ף˾ͽӲϣֻԼѾȫû֪

ˣһ㳷ļƻûУǣŷϵ촽ʲôٿ

ڵӲûбߵö٣Ϊ߾Զܵ˸ຮϮͬһͦϣֲ˿Ĳ

ˣҲ˵ʲôֻ˼䣺ڿʲô

ЦҿǴǽʵЩ궨ǽǮˡ

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ЦãڽԶķһתԭӦĻƺˮ˿羲ֹһ㶳ڴȼ䣬ͻȻʵ˵ƺˮж٣

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ûԴһ͵ıܹ˰ɡ

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ԥһ£Ҳûô𰡡

ڷԶͷͬǱֱա

˵գǣתͷӪأ¿ɲҪ㣬ֻ»ھô

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ÿһ ֻҪһ˲⣻ҪִȥʱǼƻȷ ʵʩḶ́ ҪķѾ޴ľʱ䡣

ͱ˵Ҫƺ֮ˮ´Ƽ򵥣Ҫʵ Ҫӵ ȻҪƽ⹤ãڶȫǶ ҶҲ֡

Ҫ⣬õİ취Ǿ͵ȡģƺΧľȼϣԴڻʵھ Ȼٶ ̺ôչˡ

ȷϹһû֮ڱֱӽϱ㰲ĵصս٣ս͵󣬱ܵһϵеĺĴȷڼƻĿԣ Ҳ㿪ʼ׼κȫҶܿģ ī

ʱĻƺӻлƺӣˮ棬 ˮ峺ϵ顶˵Ľ֡Ϊӡ

ĸ׺ĲһĵˮӡĸҲڵ֡ӡĻݴʣϵĵ鼮ɽгΪˮˮעгơϺӡ顤򴫡гơйӡ顷гơźӡʷǡгơӡ

Ӱ˵սںںˮеɳ࣬˳ΪǺӡ򡰻ƺӡȻʱδձϿɣʱڣĸ׺ջǵɫȷĳνƺӡ

κεˮУĿҷԶɣսҲս󣬶ڹŴֻͨȼľЧֶɣǻƺӵ֮ʢиǼصĻƺӵĸӶ˻ƺ̬ı

ȻƺӡīϤ֣ΣϣıţΪ˹ȴݻ˴أĸ׺Ҳպİɡ

īһ죬ȻڶձŲƤ߽ıķ䡣

īȨ˹ޣξԶʾѾϰˣ֮£ǸӺīҪʲôȻǱǰһˮɽĸо

еĿѧСʵ飬Լ򵥴ֱĶԱȷʽ˵ֲֵҪԡ

˹Ӷ˦ϵˮʵīǷļƻ

Ҳǡ֤˽ƻ֮īҡҡͷһһ˵ֻѴƻҪĴۡ

ξԳĬƬ̣ͷȰ˵˼ɣκع֮أȻûĮֵĵ

κĹʹһͳʹȻûпĹֵĵ

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𰡡

Ǳīˣָ˸޽н⣬һΣīɢǧΪЭ



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ھ̵Ľ˽ֺ֮ǴһЭ飺¹ϵ¶Ȼ󾭹ϸµĺƣɾڼ㣬ĲȻ纽ܽᡣ

ֱ˼飬ϵؾͬԿһ㣬ֻһ𣬱ɴе⡣

ڣǱԾԾ˵Чʽһ顷ֵ飬תУԣϡֻ첻

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ֱʾ纵ŵأ

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 һ︴յʼˣȻɰ˶û֪ ȷȷʵʵѾʼ𽥱ů ֦ͷҲð˵ɫδıѩϳ̣Ѷ˼µ˷̤ࡣ

ȻԭӦԹһܿӵκȴû˵ĺ飬 ǰգ ǰؾפڳ⣬ Ҫκ

йҶԹļ֮Ȼ׼ǵؾڱٳʱʣ κȫȫˣ κһңң˵ܼڸλ˻ж٣ϳҹӵ˾Ͳ֪

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ûԸǰһÿո޽ǽĴԥκǽ عӦô򲻽ɣ

κʵҪô

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ʵȷʵһûг֣ҲûһԼӢеֻнʣҳϵĴ󳼵ȴǵĴ´ָǴġ

ǷκƿڴûйģΪĴһֱȰҪо֮񣬵ڣκѾںˣֻҪȥǣ´һԼָ



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ڣ

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Ϊڲûȫټ֮κ㹻ĳǽؾ͹ϵǣԷȻеӳǷڵΣκηˣؾеĶӵζ

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ڰνͶս֮УĿֱָĽӰļͷڷ֮ؾκ˸忪

ȾѪȴκһ˿һķɣ򲻹ڣκļη˵ΪӮ˲̬ǲܴκģɡ



ڲ˵ֻ𽣽ԣһεؽϵһ˿ڣʺѪŻӳһ޺ɫǰһ̻ڿһɫĺۼ

ֵ۾Уعʿͬõʲôһ㣬Բ˼Ķϳһ鷽糱ˮɢȥǰָìһ͵κʿУ͸ᴩϺᡭ

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ǹϮӪѷʽ ǹǵĻôˮ֮ѡ ʱ˺Ƶڱʵѵս һ̲оһеĳ첻ͬˮҪʱеȴȻ һˣ ĵȴκ

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ʵ ƺˮĳûиκ˺ؾЩ޿κεĳǽΪʵˮӣ˳ڳǽϵļ֮⣬ûжԱȻ⼸֮һλκϣ

ؾûгˮƽ ʧȥκֻ޲ߵؿźˮؿʼʴĹµĽݣ Խκǽ˵ͨˣǵ赲عַĳǽҲһƼͬʱõĲҶʬڷƵĻˮζĲӬ˵ؾۼκϿգ·Ԥżĵ ʵϣȷʵѾʼȷˡ

ÿÿҹгӵʧҹĻ֮У û֪ͨĵǱܵĽ֣šֻšѹ֡ĸѹ˵ϣ ټ֮սѷʣ־ıƵ˱ڴҲûнѹȥ˸Ĳ

κ¼ŵڴ֮ϣԭ㿴Ĺ۵Ĵ޼վǰʵ̸κණԭֻ󳼵˿ȴԼѧ̽ͷЩ˲ˡЩˡЩˡȻڴʱı

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Щǹ˴ˣѶϣƫƫţδһһ䣬κҪأǹ˶Բڡ

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κļ˳һ룬ҳֻӡ

ϵĳӳУıһ״϶ɳƣǴҪͳ⣿

һңƼ˵ɱˣҵκʧȥͳϵĴ󳼺̴κܹѿصһ˿ԣЩǲֵܵסıġ

ҪǰκֻʶԷô죬ڡ˼Ƭ̣ڵŵƿﶪˮУؾղյõ˼ɡ



һìѡ񣬼ǾͶκҲ̲סһ˿ϣһأһ첻Ըκء

óκһƿװУϣ˻ֵᷢǵ˽ҲãҲգǽͲؾϣѭּ⣬ټظ졣

ܿϧκе뷨ûбʵ֣ʱǱƫĵģ˵֪۵Ĳƿôܿ˵ߣ㿪еײ˳ĹôҡҡλεƮڵǰ

Ԫǰ230꣬ؽˮκǣκٽκұƽ



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ܿ㱻͵ʱ꣬عֹһ֮ڹŴ˵ũΧиڣһǵ弫޴ǹǴһҵ

ȻڴֻһϢбװصƿĽ飬飬תֱת͵ī

īЦؿЦԷǣⲻƯƿ𣿡

ī͸л죬ȵôһ²ۣƯƿʲô

ԸдֽװƿȻ뽭֮Уܼ񵽣ףաīСؽƿղЦֻû뵽Ȼᱻκôá

ġƳƿһۣκͶڼˡ

īؿһۣƯƿʲôģɡ

ȻһСģ˵˿ڡ

˵üī˵ɣ

īʶãεزȵȻӦǡǴӢع˴

ûʲôãīˣƨûĳɹ

ޱһһƽīֱ˵ıǼⶼſͣ£̿ˮ׼ñǿǵ׼



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Ưƿͫеӳȫī۾Ϊī˵ġԹš

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Ҫ˵ŵĹ˭Ǹ ǷعĪΪ׽ŵȷս޲ʤľսʿ  κͶ֮ع˼ȵ״̬УڼǰԻᱻ˳һͳ룬 ȴعϵ˵

˵ģ īﲻֹһ̴عһͳ£ ִҪָ񣬿Ʒַӵÿ޳

ʱˣ޴̸ ǲκػʷĻᡣ

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վͼǰ緢 Ӻ޲Լȥһսӣī˰죬Ȼ֪ع˳򣬵̲סʵΪβƹȡ

ֻҪᴦعƿ֮£ʣµĳ㱻عڱеλã ô°Ƽ˺Զƿ֮⣬ īʵ벻ΪʲôӣȥӲʯͷ

ü ޳ָͼϳöĶ

عκĹ־κʹһҪָ˽κĸǳһһշʱĳκ͵͵ռ˺üǳء

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Ҫǰ˵عһֻ۱һֻˣʱͬգعĴȫʾ£̲ˡ

ڵعʲôعȭԺκ࣬ս۱룬ۿҪһͳˣ˳ڶʳ

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˵壬̾˿Ͻ˰ʮعʿҲʱˡ

ī˵ĬĬؿˡˣ

˵Ҫʮ˵Ҫʮ򣬶ú˿ţ

šīڣûͷ䳰ж󵨵жء

ܳϿң˲ס

ī룬˸ӣ˵зĶز100ʯʳ𣿡

عһʯ൱60Ԭ¡ƽ߲Ҳ1000ͷԹŴīôºڣ˶񾭲

Ȼˣī˵ԥûԥţԡҲſã

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Ȼīǿ仰з˼ˣǾһأī޷ֻȥϾŵսҲ˵ʲôֻһ䣺սܵ׼

仰Ѿðˣع˵죬ҲֻīҶˮεصͷӦ֪ˡ

һûŵϡ˵ʵīԼɨˣȻˣϽ̸׼ɡ

ˣعҲһǣ涪ˣعҲܶûҪ

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īЦЦ˺һԣһ˵Ǳ磬ʮ˵֡

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һῴŴī֤´ҷңڣľ

bugֻжħŲЧֻ󵨵ǰ߾С

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˵عս˵֮أô˿̵ǧ˵ľۼԭǴֱӻϼҵģ κ̫飬 ֱӰֲڼ֮Ҳ˳˸飬ǧ龹Ȼһ᲻õĸ飬 Ǳɴǧ û廳һġഺ

һһĴڴˣȻ󲿷˲鲻Ը κ˼ϣʵڲһٶؾֻܾܰư͵شӦ˼ҵ롣

Ϊʲôǡư͡۲ǧһ˵

Դ󲿷˶һʼǿǿλϣҲáֵ䡯 ƾԼϵдʲô ҺúһУôҲܲ³

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ޣʵغãعֵöһ֧عͳơ֮ܶعܵԳһγԣֻҪǮ׼С

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ξԵѴڳŵʲôֱ˵ǣûˣϴ

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˵ԭֱ·ȥǧ֯ģΪࣺڹκ֮ҵð˳ڵĻûˣ

˶׵ˣξԱʾδ˵𡭡

ҧҧξԷţ̹Եع䡣

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˹ع᲻̫˳û뵽ξԻ˹ϵظ

ξԸͣд棬ືͣӮˡ

ںļزֳַ࣬ǳƵû취˭иӽиӽֻҪһ˵汲ٲ֣ӵĺֻ˵Ļȷʵ˵ĴԲ

ƺ⣬ξıŭͬ侲صͷ൱ƽ͵ؽȻˣǱ㿪ʼ׼ɡ



ξԤƵĲûдȻǰعһ·߸ͽƽߡޡ۳۫Ǿ׼ֱʱҹûͣϢûβں󣬸һޱȲҵʹ

ҹϮԶǹӪѷʽյʤŷ˾裬Ӫʧأֻ˻ظոչ۳۫أֱɽִｻӡ

˵ʵٶе죺ʮľӾͼµʱϵ˳ƺڵˡ

ųǣʵؽѾԤһˣ

岢ûش⣬Ϊȷʵ׼ģɣشԻ˵ŵĻԣֻʣҪ𣿡

źԥصͷȻҪӮֻصôΣӮüҫԼѪϴĳ衣

Ѫԣû壬صͷǱߺúÿţԺû˸ʰ̯ˡ

߹ȴعʣֻҪ˳ʣµΪ壬رҲʱˣģΪˣϽֺˣ⣬һս

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˵ԹعǷԽһɽĻ ôڵعһʱǰĵ·ϱһʯһšǰҪعķѾγԣ߾ֻҪǰ߾С

ȷʵһܳĽ죬 ϧ ڵҪԵĶսĴ֮һʮ

ĶʮȣǶֻǾɶ³ˣ ȻĲˣ ҪԻع޴ּײжͶʯľӭͷһƺƴԻĵġɢĶΣ Ѹٵĵ׷ɱǼĳì󲽲ѹ

һ׵ĽľϢʱ䶼ûС

಻ûҪâλս֪Ϊʲôؾ˻ҪϤΣ ĪǰԤ֪ǵоͼ

Ǳߵڸ̶һ ۺʵսýҪδսߵɳżѹڼӲ£ϣֻһˣֱ

һ԰סˣع˳ û뵽ô죬Ѱ ΪعҪ³ һҪҵľԾ

˾ˣعˣҪô죿

ܵ԰һֱĸ׾һ̵ֱֱ԰ΪԷľ˾ˣһԭ԰ųİѱʵǴĶӡ

֪Լʱȷʵйţ԰һֱûнҴԼݣȵ֮󣬳ͰϰԵĿʼϾԷľ˾ˡ

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԰΢ЦŰؾţཫͣóġ

棿Ĵ滳ɣӻذǰǻӵ֪ؾǲɵģҪһ֮ȥһ޼µİοǹˡ

˴԰ԥش˳ڿУ·æˡиǡ

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ڨڨ죬ؿ԰ȥ૵˵ʣµĻǹ˾óҪˡ

Ҫȥ

֪Ļ̼ɢڴ֮УȴϤԵ̴Ӳ׽ȥ̴ӿһ԰ȥķ򣬳˼Ƭ̣ȷԷȷʵ˶Գƿأ㸩ڳԵȻˣβֱӽع

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ֻҪأǴ

عģɾ߲Ǵȥ㲻ڳôˡ

һյԼǿĻɿųģһ˶ĺӣֻҪǰձܸڶԷֻԷܱӻ



˶̰޾ģŰѳֳ꣬µĲƸʤɼˣһ뵽Ҫ뿪۱裬оؿ飬İģֻиࡢĲƸ

Ҫʱģعٳ£ʱǲˣšʱǺˮԭžһ󽫾࣬ϣܸȡʱ䡣

ΪˣҹӪó壬ʩѹ

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ڣΨͣѪ˿վ£ô˵ҲԵ߾ȫɻǵµľûţ

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԰ȫʤ·Ҫ뿪󻹲ࣺҪúá

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ױӦŵǰµؾҥԡ˵˵Ǵ֮ӣǡͳ

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ŵϺںԲһ߿ȻϳֻҪ಻Ͳ

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֮ǰعеĵһ Ĺ£Ͷ Ҳζعһ ͳһĵ·ǰһ󲽡

ʲô˵Ǽһųĵܵܲƽӵ˻ϣϳΪ

ʾ Ǻҥԣ ۻѪͳԴǳĴ Ǹѳع佫ΧˣԳɷģֻҪԹعᱣȫ άס

ǳ ʲôʲô鶼ҪдĶġεķСKDTCDJZL

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ݽοҫӢʱ ̲סˣ˿Ҫջݽˣ

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ʲôЦһû͸īĽ飬ֻذֵˣ˱գ˿˿ҪЦˡ

īһۣ˽飬ϸذڵκƯƿߣʵ˭ҳЦҲ

㣿˰գīԷһŭӣЦת˻⣬˵æʲôع˶Ҳˡ

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ɡչؾΪˮ࣬˴īҪȻīָһܽᣬ˵Կøī

ս£Ǿūˡ

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عæһͳûūȻɱǲֵūֱӴȥ˿̺عҪìһֱʲôӣˮˮ࡭ū

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Ȼø࣬Ϊһħ֪ˮõһ𣬾ͺ޲ֱ˿ʼ·Ȼīסˡ

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عҪϢ̫żֻˮŪһ³ǼʧԺڴӳ顣

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Ԫǰ229꣬ºԡκĹʱʮꡣ



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Ҿʣ˷

֪ôʱʼ˵ĳˣÿһζؽзī̽˼ΣȷϴʲôõĻȻˡ

˹ԥƬ̣ԥƬ̣ί񿪿ڵҸ㡣

Ѿڸȷʵڷˡ

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˹鵱ȻǱܾˣ īǱȥģȻī൱޹

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ʱԲʲôͣ õķתƻ⣬ ˼Ƭ̣īǽתƵ˹ϡ

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ʮһ֦īɱɣ



Цīɹ˾裬ûʶʵûж棬ʵؾԼˡ

һ뷨ʱԼʮٳʱȻں˵ʮζĿʼƽʮĹŴʮȴζҪҪʼΣա

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Ԫǰ229ŵĹ£Уععͳһҵֻһ

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ҪһսĩڵսϷ ѶǿľԾعûвԵĴžˡ

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ֹʮļλֱѱӦɵֽŵı ʹ͵øĶ׼ӦҪ˵ڶڽٰͶաīİ䷢عͳһ䣬 ڼǻ¶ؾɵѹӲؽָС׭

ھЩĥ֮£ǻʲôʲôٰܾģûУ

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˵ڳ֮ǻоԱϵĻôǽӵǵİ佱ʱ ֻʣ˸ɴǹٰչ뷨

ôٰ ǸûһƽŮԽû˹ȱϯ

Ҫİ߻񣬾Իд󳼽ģ

Ȼ ûʲôܣԼľȱ䶯ǳҧ֮⣬ ѡ

ĶǱƳģ £շԼһЩԭƹˤѡģͺǵϢһо͵췹óġϲѪ

ǰҹһ׼Դ кڵعǲõϣϼĻƻĵûҹĻĽ٣ ȷһĸо·ʲôýҪ㵹ˣ ʲô

ָоĵīҲܵˣɫӰ͸⣬Ϣѣ³ԵҲҶͽֱͦͦڴϣֱһ˫ȵָסĵıſ

ˣ

ĲֻѵʵīҪ硣

īɴӣˣ

һвضԣе糿һīȴȻתǷ׷ӵɫ̫磬·ӷӣȴɴе£´ãա¡֯ڼ磬ǳɽڱ𡢻棨磩䣬¾

޴ųĻƱϥϥʵĴСڹ䣬񹳡졣

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ī̧֣ͷصڻζ켰ڶ΢΢̧޺ӧ˿ָ⣬̿۳һᣬĦƤ

īһͷƺЩɣ

ĿЩīɫ֪ôģȻһ˿ŸУǣɴīۣ˵˻Ǿ̩ʲ

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ЦԳƳɹ

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ݵİƬ̣˵ʵǾ仰Ҳ֪ò˵ɫ鱻΢΢ɨһСģײīڴСǲٳɣչ˫ۣһһ˵¼ʣۡ

Ҫκε֮ʣ֣īܾʱķɣߵף˵ǧ߶ĳƺʵۡ

ͬʱ֮Ƶľűƿ⾡ϣ̴ӣʼˡ



~¿⣬Ȼɫľµ½ص˳ε֮УĿ̧ǰߣ͹ģεӰӡ

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ܽأս֮࣬һǹ

ǰһǹ˽ףĳһĿʼһλ̤ͬĽݣĳ־һĽ˵ûǹһѵιߡ

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ѾܰĴڣʽΪĬĬŵս֮زŲߣīŵȥūڸöˡ

̫ܰͼݣ̨Ѿʼ˷飬ĳ֣ɧҵ˶ˡŮˣһŮˡ

һʵ鷽ԼٻΪԼȡ־٣˶⣬Ϊ֮û˸̨սϣٵȷǵķʽ

ϺҲİ佱ڼ̵һŮԻֳ֮ûгϯĻˣȡǳһ飺ɡ

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һͬԤݹһ̬İٹһ̬· ٵطѳɶࣺſкة˹ΪΪӡŸͷ´Ϣ

ԻէҲԭֻǶ԰ļݻ ⲢζŲʵĺ쳹 ں׵ԤУһеĳ죬޷裬]ŰٹԹְΪ׼ɵ͵γݡ

򽵻Ǳȸ Ҳʣûжڽֱˣ ΨеͷĬ

һڣ˷ܼǰܸϵƣ ڶգǰ£չҲ˴ĿƺԤϣ˽µĻھɡ

ʼỵ̄صͭû𵴳Խ֮š裬裬˿ʫһһŸ֪ʢʹչ

ŲƸλҫɵرܿԾˣһչ˵ǰż˷ľ

Ȼв˿µı飬ΪάһǣҲֻīףģѹѲµĶǲиˣٹϡ棬ǰַըҲϡƽ

һжֻһ룬īΪѾӦ˹ŴҲȷ飬ƫƫô˿ţһ㶼áܣ

ΪֹҪ˵ʲôģҲͽʣºңңƵĵȤˣϾôǰ͵飬̼ġôţī̲סλϵľٱϵִеľףīͬʱ´ľ

ī¾Ʊⷺľ˫Ҳ泩˺ܶ࣬ƺʱҲôͣ԰ĵصȴԼĳģҲԼڴġ

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ʵһȽελãΪǰǰûβ˶ǳ֪֮رܿλãȻβαѹīϡ޹޾ҪǳٺòͿīĳҲ˳ˡ

ȻϣעҪʧˣīԵĲóó¾һ£īϵ֮ǰ߾·ߵĻȻֱͬôֲݣһľ壬˵һմȾī۵ľ塣

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֣ϲ

ī֣һ䣬ֻǶֱŨī֭ڰ͹ƽİ棬Ƶֽӡһҳҳ־䣺ӡˢĴ֮һԼ򵥵ԭƶʷĽ̡

ӡˢĹǻеζģĹ˿ȴŵ˵ע⣬Ȼӡµֲִڱζģû˸ٷֽڣΪϲ׼ޱսعôĸ¡

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ڴͬʱ̴ӽʱȷʵӪĳƣһǧ۴龹Ȼĳɹס˳棬ѻȸΨЦصУãͣ

鼮̴£Ȼطɢе龡͵ٹٵУʱ󳼲ʶͲǸīģǸǵġ

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ҪľӦƺת䣬ԼĹְĳƺ󲿷˶ѡ˸ʷǰҲûҪȥ

ڿ֮ عССϯȻϣ ЩֻΪأ칦ͣҲǽīϯᣬһһ һ㽫عĳϵͳơ

ȱҪľةࣺ˹ΪةฺΣΪةฺ𾭼á

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û˲ϲûǶԷһڿһ俤Ƶĺô£Է䣬οھ磬ǳ֮ϡ

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ΪԹˣǱҪֻʵһ磬Ƶġ廪оĳĳкĻһһ߼ˣʡȥҪʵо֤֤⣬ֻĪȨһȷݵı粵ʽóȶԷߵȨ

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顯ľī˼·Ȩ˴ֱسĵİϣγƵľ죺ˣ

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˭仰󣬶ܷ̲еĳߡ

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ηŭΪϨȥƫƫһ֮£ǣǡǰˡ

ôҡ£Ⱥ֮£ڱµǲԾ

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ڴȻУ վǸʱ Լᴳ磬 ĸҲὫѨȻʶһ򣬵ΪۣҲҪеӦķɡ˵ഺϸڵĳͻš

һӵĳɳڲеģ ı仯Ǻҵģ һҪһת۵Ļôžϵʱ ʱῪʼȥԼΪȷ飬ڴͬʱϷڵļҲΪ֮ܶ յഺˡ

죬 մ䣬վȻ˹ū鰸ò׾Ȼʦõţʦͽ˵粵󱻷յһ䡰ԣֱԹ ūҴ񣬵֮˵һģ һҭġ

ʱīȴԽòȥΪӡ ʷϵģģӷȥġīͻȻеЩ̾ӳļҳʲôˡ

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ңύ鰸дĺãǴİǴӿʲôһϣԲʦࡣ

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֮Բͬ⣬Ϊ׼Խ飬Ȼ˵ΪĳЩʷص¡Ȱڡںһֳζĳһ˵һҵβԵȷӦˣںū˴ʱλսϷİͼ

ΪһʵۣǸӳԶ棬һϣ֪ʷīҲ˵ʷϣʼʵĹǴӡūʼȻǰʱ˳ȿԽ֮սʱ꣬ǧİİͼ

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˵նʮˣŴ㱾ӵİˣţʮ꣬Ҳõүүˡ

ճĬƬ̣ȻȻصͷ뿪ֻīһ㱲֡



ڶ£շȻʰԼϸסҳߣǱر߽

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ܶʱ ܻʶΪ־عͳһǶ˵ عĴһͳڴˣ ʵϣȴĻ;飬عﻹǲģ īĴͼϣ ôһƬûйعͳϽΧڡԽҲǺϵ

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ǰعķʱ䣬ΪԽعķľΣǰǰ˽ʮˡ

ˮ򵥵ĸ֣ а̫ĲأϤĵΡкʿ߳ϵšű⡭

ԣԽ뷨ʱ īûôֹۣЩ磬 뷨ȻӮˣĸ߶ӣ˱ټīķԡ

˵ع߻ˣκһ˵ַʷﶼպ˹ޡξԣ纡֡ȻҪĻôöſ΢˽ʷ˴󲿷ֶý

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ҿԽɢԱΪͳһΪţع޾壬عǨ죬ĸΪӡ

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ƷǺ˾ǳõķֶΣҲһҵսϡ

ϵ˶ǴʷĺӱĴУīôһͷ˼·Ҳ˲ʶֵӣ˼ʱӭԼҴ۾ԣҶȲּʵ⣬׼ǵı粵ġ

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˵˹뵽òʿĳܹתǴһҵ֧㹥ĿԣξԣΪָӵԣгӵȷʵġ

󣬹Խƾͺˣֹۡ

ʵ⣬ʵϣʷϵعܴ°ԽѾǿˣ뿴쾵ۣ󻹲ǻرˣ˵ʷϵعȵʱ峯ҪΣռ֣峯Ŀƾʹʿ岻عǵײ㣻峯ҪعҪԽҪū峯Ҫ޾˺ӣعҪֱ֤ͨϷĹͨݹҪﳤΰҵ

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ڣī£ڵѾֳˮ棬عֻҪӦ׼ɣȻԭɿεĳĬ֮С

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عԽƣī

ӣ˵Ŀⶼī֮ǰ໥ǻǰ൱ЩСǸܵ˾ΥѹͷƤ顣

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ĻӦǣ㡣

ҶܲܲҪôߵҺ˵ģ

ܺã˵߶ˣīһסͷ뷨ž޴ѹԼ

һˮբڶӳƲǰҪߵļҪ޴ԴعʲôһĿȻ

Ԫǰ226꣬عʱ꣬ͨ˳ϵΨһͨ޽ɣ˳Żʵˮع̤Խ;





ò˵ĳڵʱķǳũʮ³ʽһ꿪ʼĽڵ㣬仰˵ҪʼµĹˣ

ǸӣͲ֢⣬ܸɴؾøպһ콫عδһ֧Ԥ͹ԴΪһ깤Ŀʼ

쵼ͷµȻκԹԣ쵼רŵĻ㱨ʱ򣬸˰µʱɲع֧ڶһʹ˱ȥȻûˡ

Ӧðֻи磬û磬ôֳܻٵ

ȥˡӵ̴ϢīҴҸϵ޽ԭ򣬡ˮûȥϵء

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