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һ仰飺òô

⣺ݵìܻǰеǵ 
==================

 1 

βиСƹݣϰòô¾Ʋ˵ƵһֻǵطЩƫƧ֪˲࣬Ϊͷ˵ĶסڸƽǿԣȴʮֲҵˣˣֻٴС̨һӣƵžơ
ꡣ
СһŵΨһĿ˵ϣ̲ס͵۴
⹫ӽһտֱ׺Ӳ֪ʲôƳɵģ͸֮ɫľСڣϵŲɫֻ׹˸׹ӣͨװΡ׹ȴҲ֣͵ӳõ׹Ԫ׹һϺð񣬿ŹΡ
Ȼһһ͸ŹŹ֡տʼ죬һ˳ڵüͷվһ㾶ȥٴС̨š֮նѾǵˡʱʱȥҪһ滨յСˣĥһ졣Ϊڵˣ˭ɫƣÿնȥҲδգмθ¾ƿĽˣ֧⿿ţָ̨ʲô
˴ݱʱ¼䣬쫷磬Ű֡쫷罫Ҫ͵ףǰѰͷ洬ϻ˼УҼұջ궼ڲȥҼҹϺζҰèҰ֪ȥ˺δҪ˵˭Ⱦˡ
ôţС̲סŲͣüĿ۽΢΢һɫӣҲû˭ɫֱĵһ˫۾
͸òýѧûмң˴꣬Ҳĳ֪ôġҿͨɣҹӣ쫷ǰϦǵСƹţѵģ
ǹӴʱȴǲСߣͻȻ̧ۿüδȴһ˿Ц⣬С֪ôĽһ۱Ū˸ظһæȥ
̱ƶյһڡ̫Ѻˣɬ˵޾㣬ССһһ춼ȲȥСһؿƺ˵ľҲܺȥҲ֪ϰôģĻͷݣ˵翪ڳȥˡ
ЮһУ΢΢ͷ
ȴ͸ӿиӰЯ곯žƹݵķ߹ģЩֻܿС΢΢ӣǻʲô
ߵ£ñ£ǸֻʮһҵСüδȴѾó־£ֻͷüëͫ׵ɫܵԵЩ䡣
ֱŸͲİµñǽźãȴæŽȴͳһ۵ķӣСһȹմϵˮذšȥŰƿ߽
ȻֻǸСӣȴǽΨĿˣСϺԥҪҪȥк֮䣬Ůȴûֻǳķһ֣ͣС˻ع̨棬ӦԼһŮͯס̲סЩЦá
Ůͯߵ̱Ƶǰ˸ӣ̱ţ˰֣ʾǰţŮͯޱؿڳƲָһ̱ҲûȰ㿪ʵΣ
Ůͯۿŵ棬ҡҡͷ
̱û˵ֻǿ˴⣬ŮͯҲԣֻʣĬһյḺ́ƽһãǰľյʣµľһڸˣɬ˺һüվ
Ůͯ㶶ǰǰװԭǼոµ;Ҫ̱ƴϡ
̱ưڰ֣Ķѧ׆£үһմˮɡ˵ձҪߡ
ޱؿ۴ֻݵ꣬Ŷ񲻿ãү֪£ЬҪմ࣬ǲԽϴ
̱ƿԣԹ԰СѾͷ϶
һϵŶϵһʣүԺ𣿡
̱һЦ˵ųķһۣϾҪͣˣ˵Ѿˣľٹ죬ҲǲҲʡʡģȥԼ¡
ͷүĲ˻ûأ۴߰ɡ
ָ̱ţﾻ֪Щ˴Ҳ꽽ˣʱҪûԶȥ˰ɣǵ㻹
һ߹ȥ
ֲ̱һ䣺ÿӣ̣
ƲƲ죬Ѿĵӷ£鲻Ըץ˿ӡ
ʱһֻմѪִſڵĲ˳
̱ƻͷպÿһЦ۾ףǺʱ
-------------------------------------
ֵվü䣬ȻҲǸСӣֻϡմ۹òϵ·Ҳ治ɫˡӦ˺ܾãϵû̫ǿҵ˲ζֻ߽֮ҲûŲһվԭһС±ССһ̲ˮգϸĻ͸ɫ
̱ưѴקû뵽ҲǸСӣ˵ͷƤ˱ȣҿҲͱ΢ߵ㡣
˷ûӻﻹŵӡ
̱ƲǺӵתϣָϽŲ˿ȴɲػһ¡
һЦСͼݣһ㣬һ㣬ŶȺ
̱ưѸմϵĶӵһߣСԿǺӳԷǺ棬ӣȴͦñֱʳʱÿЮķǡôֻӵٶЩ죬óȷʵǶúˡ
̱Ʋ꣬û뵽ûһͣ硣
㶫϶ǳԲģ̱Ҳû˵ֻüԿ
Ǻϵķ˲ǲڵգȴû뵽Լʱģûʲôν̱ƻͷ˴˿۹۱ǱǹվĴһۣôϵСôһģûȤ
Ǻӿڽδ˵һƣ...
̱ƿ۾ɪһ£ŬǿŲƿ̱ƶӡ
̱Լͷĵصͷ
򴽣ַŵϰںãȭͷ˵ɱˡ
̱һ㶣¶µһָ³鶯¡
Ǻضס۾ѧɱˣ̽ҡ
̱ưеľյһʱû˵
صس˳ӣʾעڹ̨ҳĵС̱ȴûᣬǺӵ۾ݴɣη壬չƽ
һھƣһЦ㵱ɱľ𣬻ҪҸʦ̣
ǺӲûеļɫ¶һ˿...ǰ˽̹Ҵ̹ôץסǣѧúܿ죬ҪɱǣȴôʼûѧᡣȻɱɱҪѧɱ...ӦøѣӦѧǡ
̱ʼ磬ÿɷ񣺡ɱʲôˣ
ǺɫһʹĬһԥſڣиʮɱˣɱˡɱˣҲ֪Ҫòɱˣ̫ɱˣҹҹţɱؿڹۣ۵ܲˣôۣҲǰ취ȻһʱɱˣɱЩɣҲǺõģܱôǿЩ
̱ͻȻʧȥȤһױʮƳǣвѪãҸŵˣԼ취ȥøպãܽɱˣųĻдǲңߣȥκڸô꣬Ͷɱˣɱɱ٣ɱö˻˱Ĺء...
ǺӴһ˫ͬ۾ҳ㣬û취ȥұ˵ġ
̱ͣס˶ҲҹأϺɡߡ
ȴģ̱һͷһקӣһֻŵӡ̱ʹק£ûק
үƢˣͷôҪģ˼ҵĵӣҪǮġ
̱ƱԼѾҭЩչȥͷһǺӸղŻСţһ㹣ŲӲϵͷʱȴԴӣЩˡ
̱ƿı飬Ƭ֮һһ˦֣ץסһߵĶӵͷϣȥҲ֪Ϣûɱˣ̲㣬ȸߣô                        
лҪ˵ȾȺӣרġ˵ߡԤ~
  ǿǿɴʼ&Ʀ˹
  Ұİ棬ȤСɰԻ
  Ϊһߣһ죬תľοʼ
  Ϊ˲Ǳ΢ȺռС£ÿһϵط
  ÿϷ賿𴲣ľ徭Σһٱ¶ǣŸɻ
ɵû˸ҽӡûܽӵĹĻ
  ȦΪֻӴ˵бĻģǮҲӡ
ûΪʲô
ˣˡ
ʮ֮ǰʦһסڷɽϣʦɣҲɣͿ޵ǳ
ʦû޳ɣ˿٣ˡ
ʦˣʦˣˣȫˡ
֪Ϊʲô޳ˡ
ɽŵķֽҧҧӵüˣСޣҧ
СҧԺɽӴ˲޳ʼ
ɽµת˺þãͦ취ôˡ
һ죬һһʱͻȻ֣Ť˫ֽǽϣݺݵأ㲻ΪҵԵʣܹ졣ûҵҲҲҪá³֮а취͸
šԼһ첲л˳һֻĲӣЦЦģǿɲСϦദģҪ᲻ˣ˭˵ȥ

 2 

̱ƸǺһǰһسȥվ£Ƭ̴Ҳ̱ϿŸСĨ죬ϻûɾ͡
̱ƸˮͰ´ٸҿצӽӳɿӣ
תͷǺӣֲΡΡĶǰöմԼ·һЩѶֱ
̱ûһѰקΪֱϸɾ𣿸㴩űģôͰ;ţϹأ
Ӻ϶񣬱һϵյҲҿȳǶǰųģϣ°ضõҲû·ֻý¶˶קڻõ˴һο
̱ȴЩ˱ͷ߰ɡ
Ǻȴּصȵȣ
̱üǺ૵һ...
̱˼˶ͷķ
-------------------------------------
˶ԼĪһӵĹ򣬱㵽ǵһСͷطƽﴬ˨˨СС洬Լ֧永ߺȽ¥ݵĲУԱࡣΪԵʣ񽫴ϻ˼У˳ʱߡֻ뺣Զ̲Ϳϣֻ˵׵洬ţܡ
ǺӳǼֻ洬˹ȥͷ˿̱ƣҲ׷˹ȥ
ϴŶ£ǺҲĶΨ̱ͨûа˿ڱΣƫƫȴߵͥŲ·ʪ͸ˣ纵ȴܺãһ˿ңҲԵǱ
Ǻ˵һֻߣȥ̧ǴϣҪҲǰæ̱޶ԣֿæ
Ǵÿɹ紵ţľͷ綼ˣԲأһ̱ôסڱǣ΢΢
Ǵ²һ׳ӵʬ壬ο࣬೯ɳִͬ࣬΢΢ӣ¶ϸϵƤѾյˮݵ÷ͣɢŻĸζȻѾȥˡ
ǺӻʬԱߣHǰȥסʬ֡
̱ƿ˴һۣ°ָָǾʬ壬ûʲôӦǣǰȥǺӱ˿סʬһֻ첲뽫ȴû뵽ʬ徹γʬά黳ƣһʱ֮侹޷
̱ƿʬƣ֮䣬Ӧøպܻסһĺӡ
ǺӣƴʱϵñˣʱһСֱֱؽţЩգһ׿ǾʬŵĴɫȴƽģڿޡ
̱Ƴҡҡͷ⣬ִʬ첲Ƶǰ·Խ󴦣һʬҲ·¿Ȼվ˵һԣ̱óطԼȥϵˮȥˣϴ֡
̱΢΢̽ǰһʬȷˣҸ²һᴩˣ˿״ӦӺֱ̽ȻƸӦиĴڡ˿ڲݲݴûʳֻȴֹסѪǺϴѪӦҲ˵ķݣѹζӡ
̱ȴûйעѪģĴڣŴһʾ⣬ǰסʬĳλ̱һָôˣüƤһչƤݵþˣҰ͸ɫûдڣ⻬һƬ
ֱ̱̤һһŵĴϣ°һãѥͲгһֻƤʵСذذһγһ׹ǰһȻǷ
̱ȴһãһ㽫ոʬһСӵʬϣ껹ûͣϵƯȥɣͣ˱˷һ鷳
óˮҲӦˣûȥקʬ壬죺ϴϴˣװʲôɾණͶһ䣬ôȥǮ·ȥˡ
̱ƱףѧôʾͲҪãүʱҲĺܣҲһ·㱧ؼ𣡼㻹ֻ꣬ûô죡Ҫǿ͸ʬһȥظһؼˣ
췭˸ûǺӱĬվţҲǰæ˽ʬ̧˶ĴһȥԶĺɼ֣˼μʮʯͷѹʬϣǰǰæСʱŽǴһƽ˺
һ󳱾˱֣վûСȶǴĺˮ￴ţǴƮʮԶˮӴ׵ƶһ˹Ǵ㳹׿ˡ
ǺԿŴȥķվţվһĨһϵ꣺߰ɡ
ͷٿޱĺһۣ˻ȥ
̱֧վţϿ˿յߵСɻԼֵھθУŨŨĲͷռ߽һشÿߡ
ߵĥĥ䣬קһѣİɣȥôӹߣڵһͨɱѧɱ˵ģŻ˸ʬĥ䵽ͣˣ˼ҵСžͱȥˡ
ɫһݣ˦ִ󲽷ɱ
-------------------------------------
Сɡſػת˺üȦˣ֮û뿪ȥ٣һΪʵ̫ˣ˿žηΪǹͬദգôҲ...ɱ˵ħͷɡ
ʱ˿ûбԼĲĶ˸һ˲ò࣬˭˵ɱħͷˣû׼ǸСɱִӶΪĲɱ֯ͷͷǸСѾͷǵʱô׶񰡣СԼĻӣԾսеɡ΢Сһ㣬ű٣ԸǻûԶ
ô⿴һۣ꼸Ƭ֮·һܲ͸ǽǣħͷ˵ʲôҪͣˣԼҲǴСڴϳģ˽ⲻô꣬ûһ쫷βǾͣģſں˵ҲʲôƷи߽֮ˡ
ôţͷȴһӰС۾ʹýˣ˻˭
Ӿԭ·ѵԼѾ˹٣˵׼ԼҶŴţη...רԼڵģ
СëҸֵŻû棬ȥŲãȴһԼûüŹ㴳˽ûмһǸԿһʱ֮ѣȴ֪Ϊʲôߵ죬ôһߵ˴ߡ
ǹһקһССʵʵģԼȴ꣬϶ʪ͸ˣȴҲûηֻ̬΢΢£ͬڵ飬͸һ˿
ǿԸӦ˵Ŀһ㳯Сû뵽ۣ˲䣬չճСЦһ£ŲûֱͣԶˡ
СȴҲסˣƬ̲Żع̽ͷȥһСӰѾߵ˹־ͷת˸ʧˡ
˵Ҳ֣˲̣Ƿ·йһĴ꣬ͣ
֪ΪʲôСûȥ١
ǰ·Ͼһö׹ӣ̱Ƶöɺ׹Ҳߵ̫ˣ们ġڵʱ죬סû


 3 

̱һֱߵܿԼׯӵܽǲ˿Ų
ŴϸϸԸ˵ʱûˣܵģͶɫڣҲʱͶҪȥˡ
ɫصصͷ
̱ƵլͬʮƫԶʤԶǹطƧҵؼĵ̱ͣƲǰսլΧļĶִ֣бٳһʯСͨС֧˻ܣ˰ǾȥľǾȴʢƽ»գͨģҲһȤֻմ꽫֦ȫˣСϲǲлŲм
̱һ㣬Сǰվ˺һһ°ȥʱȫע˫۽Ž£һһÿһá
Ǻм䣬ϾСԣôһƺѾ࣬ʱ̱󣬲ȹĵطಽߣһ΢΢ظ˵Ҵǰ˵ϵѧˣԼ֮Ŷݼףһ̤Ծ壬ֻܳϸ·ߣܲɽšȻ
ҲذĲߣͷ˲̧ӻú񣬵ѹŵĶˣ˵СӡߣָָͷҶïĵط٣΢ЩĵطŲմࡣ
Ǻסβ˵ôҲôߣ
˭ЬŪ໹ϴ£ֱ׳
Ť˰֣߳ӵȿ״ܣ¿һʯţϷһҶšġּ֡࣬ȴ㣬ѧߵϰ֣Ҳ֪ΪҪϡ
̱ߵǰӿûнӣǰȥӻͳһСͭԿף򿪡ôլӣûһŷһŷЩֽƬһĶһɢ俪ԿһۣƺЩһĶмŻ̽ȻǸ
ͷƳһۣ̱ƣƶǰǼģҶ£үտ
̱ƲǶţˣÿѾŵ֮ˣҲ׿
ͷſô˵㣬Ǻкѽ
̱Ѿ˦ߵӰں治ӰȴָʹصݹȰᵽ´˱飬ϴܿζҵľأ
ǺӽֺˣͷԼϣʵʵŴšӰͨͨĹʯǰһһãųȹȥ֮Ƿ᷿ƣլǸĴԺӣôͼ⼸ȺȴͣҲ᷿˺棬һɴ۾
ǰԣȴһĴأûֲƯƼҲûмţֻӯӯһˮôǰ
סߵرߣЬཫŽˮСүͬһ˽̵עŮźҲδùѾߣֻƳһĽָͷæŵתͷȥ˵㲻ù˵ģأͨŻˮȥʮҲݲࡣȥ۸ӹúøϴһϴ
ʲô췽ҹ̷...ϴ裿
ϴ鷳һ̧ˮΪˮ˭̧ҡվֳ½ȥȰ·ˡ
ŵˣץס½󣺡...ˣȥ۸ùϾˣ...Լ
ֵؿһۣûק½󣬳ȥˡ
ۿŴ˿ԥ˰ΣֵĴͻȻۻһۣ̱ƵĶۺ÷ŵһԣֻЬ࣬ųرһ̽ˮ
ո¹꣬ʮƤһˮ㴫һ̹ǵĺ⣬ҧҧһһؽԼȫˮڳˮɸһ㶶һ΢һּڳرۣ߱س˿
ְһͻȻͷŵһ飬һˮʵʵǺһڡ
ŵ۸ӷ£ڳر߿ԣ·һֱڶ£һΪں£ˮһţѲ...䣿
һ߿һرȥ´Լ壬ܲ𣿲ԡ
ȴʲôһү쿴䣬Ǻˮء
΢΢һˮĨһ̧ͷ̱Ʋ֪ʲôʱˣű߳߿šѾͨﶼ˼տĴۣ˹ڣŸͬɫ˿һ˿©Լͷֱֻ۴ӴﻬǴ۵ɫĵãһ㡣
òײ࣬ȴһҲΪͷŻһ·졣
̱ͷˣűߣʵʱ·ûʣʲô֣
ȵ΢΢ţƽǰһ֣ˣĸҳǰ˵Ժг֮̽ӵĽ
̱Цһǰ󣿡
̧̽ͷ֮ͣ΢˵⣬̱վڳرߣһУ˿顣
ʮġ˵
ŶѰʮкӸЩƽԵò̱ƶϴŵһۿʱһЦµ΢΢һ̽ţȴʣǲʮδ͹ˮ
ʰͻȻ̽ץסرߵקȻݺݽƵˮ
̽⧲ֱӱƵˮݺݵǺһڣʹؿһ£ȳһݣֽĴšţȴκζֻ˷ˮѹ׻ֽŲͷ͸Щķȥֻһ
ʱˮһƵˮǿ۾ķȥûȿʲôһ˫ִӱĸ첲
̽ϲץס˫ֵ֣ƤʮֻȴǼҲʮС̽ͷĺ󱳣ͷˮкݰƮɢţ۾ɫˮԵøʮѵõ΢΢չһЦ
̽ûüκηӦ˫Ȼظסĸ첲ǽˮȥ
̽ĿѣǱٶȲ֪Ϊ֮죬̶һ˲ղͷ·ֿɼˣ̽ͷʹѣؿڱƵ÷·Ҫըץס˫֣֪ﱬһĽ˫ִϳ
ңͷһ۶ңƴֽϸȥȴͻȻһͷһһ۹ߣǣʲôβͣһȦȦؿƹȥս
̽׽סƶһָûˣβһ̽³һ׳ĺڰ

 4 

̽һһ·šɢųʵʵȥˮһָȥ
Ϊʲô·ϣҪȥ̽ԺԼŲȴûͣ·𵴵˸߿մԼͬľһ㣬ںˮһŨ
ʶѾôã̽ڸеƣ۲ˣԺԼ˫ЪһЪɣ߸ɴ಻ҪˣѾƣˡ˫ȾĻٶȽһֻҪһͣҲˡôţǰʯһ㣬΢΢ɢЩʲô赲̽۾ʹһտӵӰ
Ӱعͷ۾ЦģʮеӣףǺʱ
̽˵Цʮָˣ鲻ԽҲЦ
һգۼ䣬ȴ֪ôͻȻǰģЦʣǲʮδ͹ˮ
֪Ϊ仰ó̽о޴Ŀ־壬ֽתߣһ˫ȴһơˤҧűײϵľʹȴûеȵ۾ʱµ·֪ʲôʱ򲻼ˣһԻǴ˷ӵܵ˾Υġ
ʶ³ϾҪ˯ȥͷķ͸һԼ˯ȥȴŹķ򣬺ʲôҪԼ˯ⲫһǿ£˿ѵʶֽųͷ˿⻮ȥ
ͻȻ˽ס
ڽԼûôйԼ̽һոյõ֣ϻû˽йأĸסĸװԼӵڻԼͷһСӤһҡţԼüûиĸ׽ˣЩߣҪĸȴԼסˣı飬һ᣺㲻Ҫ˺òãֲģﲻϲܳȥͽг̽ɣòã
Լ̧ͷĸЦĸ׹߰ͻ롣ĸӻȥĶĸӵˣҽŮӵ֣еá
ĸǱЦˣ˷ķڣǽ֮ӵĽ

̽񣬻عͷȥȻĸףһЦһ֣߳һڡ
̽볯Цȴ֪ΪʲôһǱƲȥ¶һЦõı̽еίеȴǻϲһ˿ԥûоͽͷԺתĸס
ˮ״̽ʮֱ׾һʱ̵ĸߣöͷðĸЦţȰü
̽˶ˣʲôĸ׾վԼء
ĸӶ˸Ц
һֻֻĸźɫ˳һѼ⵶Լһ㣬سĸ׵Ĳ̽ȥĸ׶Ķһ飬΢Цſų̽
̽ĿѣҪУҪŭҪģþж񶾰ȥֻ֡ſڵ˲䣬ͻȻɻһ㣬šʮɣȺһѪ˷ܵ̽Сȥ׵ضĺ̽ͽ͵ץţŤǱţϵ
ĸסǰһƬŨѪɫԶĸЦţֻҲͣ˶ֻĸ׵Ĳţ·ڳų̽㿴ڵءôأ㻹ʲôˡ
ʲôˡ
лʲô·Ҫըһ㣬һһšһ·ϣ̽ûٵһᣬʱĸ׵棬һ̲ס͵͵
ȡĸ׻ЦĺӡЩ־塢ߺޡʣػǻί૵۰Һ۰ֺڣ䣬ֿ¡Ҳˡȥߺòãȥ߰ɡ
ֹֻȻˡǰѼ⵶ϷһһΣͻȻ߸ߵؾ
ʲôϾҪըˡָ̽΢΢һ£ȴһ̣ȴͻȻʲôظסؿڣ֮̽£յ³һʶޱߵĺڰ֮УǰһĻ棬ǰѵڻȥ
-------------------------------------
˵ô棡һµģڿô죡
桭ˣ
Ӳˣ
ڰɡ˵ʱ䣬ʱõİ
үôֻСӣֶ˺Щ죬Ǹʱ䣬һ׼ɣ˵㷢ûУˮ֮ϵζǲûˣ
ѵɡҿˣ±£ȥʰʰضܰɡ
ĴլأҪˣ
һʱ֮ˣҪֱƯ
ͰˮƳȥһӾܾȥˡ
ȵȣʱ򣬿ɿˣûУ
ܣ۾ˡ˵һˣû
ˣ۵Ưȥ˿Ҫµģȥһۡ
ҲȥҪȥȥҲˡȥģҺ£Ҳȥ
ǣ㲻꣬ʲôүҪʲôһ߶ȥ
̽۾ץס߼һֻ֡
̱ƱǱһʬ׼֣Ȼ֮䱻ʬסҪ֮ʣȴ˳̽۾Ǹż˵ĳĮһ˲̴̱ƣûгڵһ˲仯亹ͷ˳
̽ҵؿɿ̱Ƶ֡ոǸɲ˷·ֻ̱һ˲֮Ļþʱǰģһˮĺˡ
˹ȥ̱̽ƿԼϸĺɫӡ˻
̱ƴţһ߸̽˳һ߼ú𣺡үû£
̱ƣɵ˰㣬ûҲ㱻ϵֲ㡣
Ǳߴµүǲǣǲܵģ۾ءȥĳ̽㲻ǵǰɣǺšǰɣǰɣ
̱ƿűĵҪιȥĳ̽Լ⼸ȷʵЩײаţЩֵֹĶؼҡУóȥտһˣ׹֮Ļٱаˡ
-------------------------------------
̽۵ʱ򣬿ǰβϸܾµĵ񻨣һ£һתͷһһСͶˣڴߣ۰Ͱ͵صš
˵֣Լûɱ˰ɡ̱Ʊ˲٣ֻЦЦӴѵͦ졣
̽Ц۽ǵǿ룬ˮǰһĻص֪˵Щʲôֻ˵ͷš
˵زУƬ࣬һֱأȥ˹϶ˡ˵űСų˷ţûһ̽ͷˣԲԽ
̽ɤӻţ˵ͷõӦһšɺźˡ֮Ļһ˸߲ҵˡ
һߣ˲䰲̱ƻڴߵİϣɫеؿų̽Ҳ˵ܾ̽ЦЦЩڡ˰죬һף̡
δüڣ㱻̱ƽضˣ㵽Ǹʲô

 5 

̽һ̧ı飬֪ѣʵʵطʡֻ⣬̽ԼҲ֪ηӦӿʼᣬæͷתڲ࣬ҽ̱ƿԼı顣
̱ƵĽǶȣֻܿڱģһСιŵĲڶ
̱Ʒ˼һ£ԼȷʵЩ塣Լ⺢ӺòᣬѵЩӣĳ̽ıʲô㲻ʲô˼
̽ȴûзӦͷҲ˵
ָֻ̱ס̽󲱾һƤ˻ΣҲΪҪˮģҪΪ˺㣬ҷô󾢶ʲôҲ̫СЩ
̱̽Ƶӵʱһ£ûˡֻܼ΢΢ضš
̱ƵһСû㿪ʼЩͷҪΪˡ˵˶ᣬܲ˵Ҳ֪ʲôᰡղҼˣȷʵᣬֶ֪ò٣ܵø˵Ҳܶܲ㰡˵ɴЬһ˦ϥ˴ϣ˫ڲһţſ絽˳̽ϣͷ˵㡭
̽İͷһŵ٣ڿ޵ı顣̱΢սЩȴһᡣͷһСƬʪȴҧԼ촽ϵѪһενɵġ
̱Ĭһ̾˿Լָ˳̽Ĵ䣺ˡ»ͷ
̽ɿ죬۾ͷϵѪ¶ҵͽ͵زţżţƳ̱ƣָ֣մϵѪ
̽ûüӣֱӰסǸָ
˶һ㶡
ţŽǡʲôأ
֪̽α飬̱Ѿָٵø߸ߵˣױһ
һҧˣ
һӣҴܵ̽ǰʦҧˣ
̽ЦãͶ֪Ӻν
̱ЦŶᵹڴϡսһ̽ϵ˿ڣֿͷһСƬѪգ֪ΪʲôԵøˣСߵӱˤˤذ
̱ûףҲЦˣʮֵСĿڣЦѲûıҧģ
һˤعޱ飺ү˵ҪĻϴЩۿɵúú÷һˡҪǲ֪ɻж֪࣬
̱Ƶû뵽ľһʱЩʧЦɣҪҪ³̽⣬˳̱Ʋ֪̽ηӦֻشҲ˷ҪɵʱˡеЦ⣬ȴð뿪Ц˵ҪȡĴʲôˡ㻹һûشأ԰ɣ̽
̽Īзղһڣе˲٣ҪΪ̱׽ˡɴ˿Цһ˵Ļ֪Ϊ׵úܣԼֻҪһִò˵⣬ҪٵģܾͲǱӳȥô򵥵ˡ
Щ½ԵɣЩجΣԼԸģԼλɹô˵ڽء˰Σֻ˵һ䣺ûƭ
Ҳ֪仰ǶôĲ԰õı⣬ֻصͷ
̱ЦһҵȻ֪ûƭҡҪô۶ûȫƭˣôǻȥˡ
̧̽ͷ۾ˡ
̱Ʋ֪һӣϸϸزָѭѪζǸƹݵ죬ԭΪѪϴɾˣֲǡǸƯ˵ʬҿˣǸͨˡϵѪ˭ģ˭ʱȥ߿Եȵҵģ˭˵Ǿ䡮ҳ㣬û취ȥұˡģͬһںδ˻ǻţкιϵ
̱ƤӼ죬һʵмûдһڣͷֱӳ̽˹ȥ
ǸСӣЩľƣԼôһţȻŵѶ˲ϳѪյԴʳű뷨Ӿһȣ˾ͼһСȻͦģԼȷʵݲȥһˣȻҸöȥˡ̱ôţ΢΢۾ų̽
......̽Եͷʮֺ
ʲô̱ЩѹסеĲͷüͷѶյ̽
̽˵
̱ƷЦˣϷʵģȴԴһ˿ŭ⣺Ѫģ㻹ҵľǣǲ֪+-Ƥë㶯˼뵽װԣȴҪαװǾ޿ܵģѼ......
˵ᣬʲô̽ͻȻ̱ƣ̧ͷɫʮֲ԰ס
̱ƷЦˣѲɣֱҵĻˣ
......ˣֱֱ̽ؿ̱Ƶ۾촽΢΢زš
̱Ƭ̣ͻȻյ̽ǰȻһһЦĥһΪ㲻ҽ˵ء˵˳ڣ֪֪ٲܻ߳լˣ
һ룬һվţ۹۱ǱǹģȫȻûⷬԻ
̽һۣˮʱӱֹסԼչյһЦ
Ȼʱʣ̲̽ס治Ͷ˰ôɻµʱ򣬶ϲЦ
뵽ҲЦˡע̱Ƶ۾ûдһĴ㵣֪ΪʲôЦŨˡ
˵˵ûƭ㡣ȷʵմѪֻ㻹ûңҵʲô𣿡
-------------------------------------
ϰһƬ࣬ϸϸ˼лԱһ˿뼸Сˡ̽һӽ˿̵ףʢһ࣬˱ǡ
㡣û뵽վסЦų˵
վ̱԰ʢ࣬һ죬ѵ¶޴̬ңҾͰүĿζϹģүͿζĲԵģ㲻ýҹҴͺ......
̱ƴӸղſʼһֱһ̽Ѱı飬ü˵Цĳ̽ϴѪտĳ̽վں߿ƮԶĨˮĳ̽ͻȻסĳ̽ҧԼ촽¶ʹĳ̽иոǸЦŵĳ̽
ŵǰ˵ʲôûü˳ۺĳ̽ͻȻʵԣ˵ǻ֣
̽룬˿˲죬ʱҲûõȥ˵ûŪĻǡ
㣬ߵңҲ˵Ǿ仰ģ
ǡ
Ҳûи㣬Ϊʲôʶңʲôϵ
ǡ
ˣ
......ǡ
û߹˵Ļ֣
ǡ
㲻ˮҽӵˮ£㲻ûпۣմŵѪǺʵѪˣûһ˿һأ֪𣿡
֪
밶ж꣬δ˵Ļ֣ɰŰɱĲͼȤȴĲ١ô֤㲻Ǻߣ
޷֤
£һǲġͷ࣬ôһһ룬ҪԼʢڶʱ򣬷̱ǰһûѾˡ˿̱Ƶ룬ֿ˿ʣµİ࣬ץ̱Ƶ룬һ԰൹Ӻһʢһŵ̱ǰ
̱ƶأ
ʢԼһ޹ˣҸȵġ
̱ӣ˭ôȷˣӶ𣿣ûˣпڣôʧ֪𣿣
Ƴ˳̽һۣﺬ죺ûˣôʲô
̱ԼСѾͷԻ˵֮һ첻һɰˣˣҹܲǰɡãȥһˣҲȥס°ɣѸѧĶٺúýһ顣
һ׵࣬һĨͨһˣޱ飺үˣҲˡ
̱úߺߣס
ϥҸү鷳졣
̱ȫһ顣
ȥ¶ıɽ
̽ԼҪȥﴦּɹҲԸŲ֪ǸǸοɲɲ֮ʣͻȻԼ֣ãȻ̧ͷ
̱ͬʱعͷ̱Ȱ岻סһЦ˳Ź˴ŵ
̽ҲԼ̱һЦ֪ԼһغǿˣһиšӶģǲغˡһ߰Լš
ԣĬĬ̱࣬ͻȻʲôһ̧ͷ̽˵ˣѿҿ
̽һ絽ϣȵͨ𣬼Ҫȥ
һĨϲ˲Ȼ̱Ƹһ߳ȥŹϡ
̱ƣʲôɡ
ŶһִŻˣվص̽ߵš
̽ȵøˡ

 6 

̱ƿȣе֣ʲôҪȷһµġ㲻ᣬβҲûгɡ
ֻͷʴղˮ£û
ҡͷ˴ſء
̱ƺɸ֣ſӾͿˣ
̱ȡ֣۾ſզ
̽òƽ̱ƽ̴ô֮ǰſڣԣȻûУβͣôһֱ֪Լء
̱ưŰɣô˵ϻǰ˵ӰӶ......
̽ĬĬκ̧ͷ̱ƣЦʮʣпܣҺγϣһ㡣
̱û˵ʲôһ
һС֣ǣˣ
̱̾˿վ˴ĺӣų̽˵첻ˣһ죬ЩЪŰɡЩȥһһˣЩ飬Ҫæ
̽ɵͷ̱Ŵš
߳ŵʱ̱ƴյϣó̽˵û£˯Ժ͵͵һۺˡ
ˤڵϵ̱ƹЦţغš
ſڣүǲе֣ôôŤŤģͻȻ뵽Щʲôһһţˣѵ˵֪......
ꡣ̱ʳָڴǰЦ޺ǲ֪ȱ˵۵ʱġ
-------------------------------------
̽һ磬Ϊ̱ǰһûô˯̤ʵ΢ʱˣԺȦܵ΢΢Ѵ̱ƵԺӻûƫ̽ڵ⴦ͷһ顢һֽƬûС̱˵ҪЩţҲһȥ˯Ժ˸֦
̱ƽʱƼ˱֦紺ѿ㣬չ
վſһ۵һһʽʮְȻǳʦ̵ֻǴޣȱϡ
̽һף̱ǰ̤һ˵̽ͻȻһսһۣԭսĻȻһ䣬תΪȥơ̱Ƥеһ⣬ͷһƫ֦Žձߵһͷֱɳһ֮ȥƲžУ΢һ졣
̽ʱŻͷ̱ƣγѰ㿴˿Լտյƣ亹˲ˣ̱ƱԲסҡˡ֪ô£û˰ɡ
̱㶵ģסԼͷû̽̽ϸ˿ϸϣû˿ڣ˵ӣգŵúˣűھˣûӵصǸ
̱̯ƣĵͷ˺ð죬һݺݵ˳̽һۣһˡ
ŹǷԺŴ߽·١֡ͷסˣ
̽ûʲô
û˯ѵӣЩģִ˸Ƿ˳үĶ
̱̽ƵǼ̱մŵԼѪֿ˿ϣȷʵһƶϵͷ˿
̽ûԼˣͷȣҪ
̾˿ĸεļһﳤëģ㿴ͷڻƵøӲһүǰѶͷ˶ء
̽߹ȥѵͷҲǣҲǣĳ
߹ȥļ򣬲֪ɨ㣬˳̽ԺɨһȦȻæɡھͿʼϰɣԤУҪµĻ˵Ҫȫˡ
-------------------------------------
ȻǺܼ򵥵Сˣǳ̽ģһ㣬ЩΡ̱һ֥̱Сںȣ۾ų̽
̽һһԼվ룬̽Ͻæ㵽ȥϴ롣
̱ƺ꣬һţŴ׹Ӷˡ
Բ̿۵ͷϣʲôʲôʱ򶪵ģĶˣ
̱ûҪ֪ܶ紩ŷֵġ
ӾͷүǲǲտУʮģʮ𰡣ʮܰۼҳ֪𣡡
̱㬵䣺ҽڼһȦˣʣﻹûҡ
֪̽ԭһԼԺӣ׹ӵģæ˵ûţǵڴϻˡȥҰɡ
̽˯ķһȦûҵ
ۼʼĥı飬̽æڣͷʱҼǵûڵġӦǴͷһ·ϵģɫ磬׹ɫۣ˵Ļ˵ңҵ
̱ƻԥҪع֣һС鷳
׹ӣ±ٱץһʱǳᡣ
̽οˣֻҪڽֽǵţȥתһȦˡҵ϶ۣ˵ֻڵǰĽһңý꣬ᱻϳġ
۷⿴̱ƣ̱Ƴ˰ΣӦҲҪȥֻ΢һ·Ǳһ˰ɡ
̶šһˣ޹·һ·ҹȥֱֶȥˡ
һͣɫ磬ѾܼǵˣԽɫԽţߵֽǵʱ˭Ѿͷʲôµˡ
̱Ʋ߽ǱڽֽǴͣ˳̽䣬ԭأų̽չ˽ֽǣžƹݵķȥ
Ŷ߶µĴԭվԼĪյ蹦򣬳̽ûл̱΢΢üһ³̽ߵͷۻʱ䣬ͷһ˿̫õĸо
̱ƲǸоʲôֻһֱһ㣬ֵƬ̣һ˿Ƹ
һ߾ؿԽԽˣһ̱ƣүզ
̱Ƹ뿪˵ͻȻѽҵ׹ӣ˰ɣֵʮأ˭ܲģ
̱ΪԼѾߵԴ̾˿㿴һһֹ͸Ĺ̰׹ӵСëˣҪͼƣ˯ú죬ֱӰլ͵ܲ𣿡
ٺһЦ٣ҾϹ²£ȴͻȻʲôһһԼң˵լӣԿأԿأүǲǵŰԿ׷Ķˣǡ͵ҵԿףڲۻȥլ˰ɣ
̱ƿϹ￩һ£˵˵ˣԺ顣
һͻȻڴı𣺡ˡ
һͷһԭǳ֪̽ʲôʱ˾վ
ָָ̽䣺ŵʱҿˡ
һȻһԿסӣһЦ
̽Ҳ֪˶٣ûԳҲû׹ӵ£ֻǳϾ
̱ƣЩɬ
̱ƿı飬ǵӲ׵ĸоһƬӰӡ
-------------------------------------
ƹſվѺŵĹٱǰΧż߸ϳԵʲô
̱˱վȺ֮Уû໥̸ɫ£Щۡ
ûк£Ϊ̽ѾˣЩٱСıٲġ
ڴʱһС磬ͻȻӾƹгſ򣬴
ǰվŵһһԱߵ˵Ҳֲܲá˵ǶֵģƣüСſڴߵϣΪСȶ˾˯ˣȥ˭뵽һС㷭ڵϣ¶˸ͷֻ۾Ͷˣ

 7 

ֻ̽Ʋס˫˫¶Ȼı
̱ƵûʲôӦֻǿµ߻صСüڿڣһۡ
ϵı黺˻òֱ꣬Ĺǰȥһʹϧ𾪵λС磬ĿҵС
عʮСͷһܺ촽ɫҲʮֲ԰סʮ㣬һڣҲģΪηʣ
ͷɬʣȻҼӰҵСˣǲҵĸ粻Ѿˣ˵ЦЩСҳԡҡҲ֪ǲ˵۸࡭ߵҡ
С޴룬֧֧Ų֪˵ЩʲôοǰСδ˵Ϊѵı飬ȴʵС״
̱ǰ̤һ̽ԥһ˲ֽ˻ȥ
ҲǰһסС֣ûпƺãЩУʲôʱģ۾ͷˣƽɵˣɱɱͼƣ
С֣ö䶼ˣеġȷſҡû鵽ôϸôţûֵǣǡ
Ҧ𣡡һǽСĻͷ˻ȥ
һµӴӵ߳;ƣźᵶִڵϣҦһۣˮ
Ҧæ˦ؽһš
̲סعͷȥ˸ۡ
ӿ˴һۣû⣬Ⱥһɨһ۱㿴˴տӣޱ̱ơ
̱Ƶķ߹ȺԶɢ̱ûж̽վ󣬽ַŵ
ߵ̱ƵǰӣȭҾ̴ҡ
̱ζһüëŶλүʶң
ֱ´˵ϣˬһЦ¼η磬ǰٳգұȥҼ̴һ档
̱Ʋ֪˻ΣûлֻһЦ˵Ǿʶˡ
ηƺ벻̱ƵվԭأЩҲǰˣֻͷ۴Ҽǵõ߲ûŮź˸ôСѾߣԵ̴ƢԸˡ
̱ʱۿ˼ηһۣЦүǺüԡ
ηЦЦˣġֻǲ̴֪Ҵ˷ǰΪΣĪСоɣ
̽Ծһȭͷη񣬱سƲһۡ
̱һ㽫η۷ˡһ֣һߵһζ㲻ҳˡմżﺢӳŰ£·˴ôһݴţȴû뵽£ʵڿϧ
ʱ̱ܵߣĴͷ̫ѹĬ˵ͷ
̱Ƹ򼾳η磺鰸ҪҲүʱ䣬ȥˡСϾһϣİӿѩүˡư֮ϣβүΪ˵˵
ηû˵ʲô̱͡һͷֽǵķȥһһң
η綢ıӰһͷ̱ȴͻȻعͷ˰참ʱҪھƣùϵ滨סСһ̳ӺյӣǮ档
ηסƬ̷Ӧл̱Цһ£ŻͷԶճֽǣײˡ
η翴ıӰʧһͷҦ죺ˣŸɻ
-------------------------------------
һֱĬ˺ԶԶζѾúܵļһүҲ̫ùЩɣ
̱ƾӸ°һۣٵùǵСù
ͷߣС㱻ˣǲǣе}˰ɺ𣿡
̱ƽŲŻ˵ͷ֪ߵǰĳ̽һۣаɣҲš
-------------------------------------
̱ȥﶼšҿǸСǣߵӽĿĵصʱɫҲѾˡ
ǶݵķУʱ䣬ֵѾĦ࣬Сˡ̱ڽߵøŤ²ˡ
̽ߵֱ̱ߡôõ·΢΢ẕ́ƣˬˬӡͷҲһ㺹飬ɫȵģǡµģ
˼ţ̱ȴͣ˲ӣһСȥ̽æϡ
֮е񷿶С̻֮ңǮ˵࣬ȴҰլ޵öֻۣԼֵسӸǷӣӾˣзݽֻߵ÷Ժ̱ưƣʮϤӣʱĵط
ʱߵһլǰ棬濴һͨͨӣשߣҶûУ̱ǰߵš
̽˴һۣѾʪմˮ̳һˡ
̽˿ĭ
ţֻС
ɼžŵƬ̣ûп
̱ƶ˶٣ǰƬ̡
û
̱ҧҧؿ죬ǰȥˡʹ˼ѵе˺þá
û
̱ԺһȺ񣺡ү
ǸѾǿŵʱͷɢŵģ۶ûǿŷ죬Ҳûһۣͷߡ
̱ƴŷȥ޲ȥҧĺǰɣҵһǰɡ
ģү˵ЦˣӲҡ
̱ƿŵһͷҷģʬⶼʲôʱˣӣ
ŹǷȻû̱һۣⲻû뵽ô˭ôпŰ
̱ȥȰԼҪأ
û𡣡
̱ǣ첻ǴѶ˵ҪҪһˣ
Ŷ˰ɡ
̱վԭʮȭܼڣȥ
񣺡ѽүɲô˵ģô⺦һˣҪҽȥа˵һˣһ仰үҲ죬ԼкԼɣȥԸ緹д
̱ԭתȦͷһһ̽ͷһվڱź𣺡
鲻Ըشź̽һһ
̱Ƽ³ӣҲٳˣһǻӻӲԼϨˡ
´ԴȥǺҵɣҿеõˡ
ص˵ͷߵķȥˡ̱ƿ۳̧̽ߣ̽ûԸһ£Ҳȥˡţ֪ԼҪ̤ȥģǸʲôѨߡ
̱ȳִߵ÷ɿ죬̽£֪ˣع̱ѾӰˡҲѰ˼һؿţţ˿Ĺ⾰
̽ǰפ㣬ûʲôһ˽ȥ
һţһɴǡñط˳̽۾ţһŽɴǰĳɵס˺

 8 

ɫǰķȴЩ谵ʮΪӷ£İɴɴȷ绹Ҫ͸翵Ŀ΢΢Ʈҡţǰɴȴ֪ʲôģ΢΢֮ת֮ɫ
̽һɴǰߣȴⷿԺᵱУȴûаȺΣҲûûаһ޴ɺڼ͸źɫı⣬ӳܵİɴϡɺһŲһ裬Ǹյϵġ̽ߵɺ棬һ鰸̱ƾ鰸ϣû࣬ӿαϣͷ鰸ŵ磬ۣһִֻţһִֻڶϣԼüġտĴڵϣɴһ𣬱ɴ˹ɺ⣬ɴ趯һϡϻζ
硣̽㶵أĸ֡
̱̽ĽŲָۣķ϶ƳһۣûӣȥǸӲҪã⣬ԼˮȰɡ
̽ԹӦţȴûȥߵ鰸棬²ؿ
ǰϷһûĺͼֻŨī˽ʯûлˮֻӵīɫУҲܿ±߱񣬲ҡ
̱Ƽ̽ºŨʵᵤࣿ
̽ŻͷѧòãԶλ
̱ƱӳУͻ˼ʯͷܿʲô
ͻȻ£ͦվ̽𿪣ޣص㵱ȻǺˣү¶һ֡
̽¶ɫƺǾδ˼ҵĻǲ֮٣̱²ӣƺʮ죬û˵ʲôֻĬĬվ̱
̱ƽݲߣ⴦ѡ֧īıʣˮ˽īձ˼ɫֹ֮䵹мӡ̽Ĵһ㻬ۼžҪɨһ̲īۼֿץסڵǿ鲼ϣԱվ̱ץ䡣
̱ƻȻŨֽ֮Ҫʡ̽Ҳסͷš
Ƭ̣ʼһεī΢΢ţϾҪ䵽ֽϣγһƬ̲̽ס̱һۣȻǰİл֪ʲôûʵ˼
ҪǻһҪʮֻҡ
̱һ²ɵһ̽һֱűʼ⣬ۼǵīӱʼϵ˻еĽʯϣοһš
ȥ
߳һŮӣɫȹɵشɴСӣͷɵ˸٣鷢һգһƬˮɫջ΢΢ţһ͸һ˯δζ
̽ˣûһǰŮһħһŲۡ
Ůӿ˳̽Ȼʲôһ۾˯˲ˣҲ˲ԼĻˣܵ˳̽ǰһЦ¶һֻԳֽѶ˵Сӣһ˵һ̽ͷ̱˵ÿôճ㡣
̽ŻعԼק̱Ƶӣæ֣һֱ쵽ӣŮӵ֡
̱Ʊ֣ѱ鰸ϵĻ߬ϲɫֻһ£·ЩҪ̶õЩˡ
̽һš
̽ͷ˿ѻק˳СˣʮֻӶѣܻǮ
ſڴӿտ̽żģſڡ
̱æͣܲܣ￪Цأġ
ŴЦú𣺡ѽСּѽڽ̱Ƽ򣺡Ҫġ
-------------------------------------
ڲ谸Եĵϣϰһӣһһģûȥȥһ·ҪʮӵϳԻ̽үվڲ谸Աߣҭֱۣȥ˱
Ψӽ̱š̱ǸĲ豭ĲѾ͸ˣҲûһڡ쵽췢ϸϸ˵۾һ㡣
ȫ°ͷü̶ʱô飬ȷʵҪһ̱ǰһڣ롣
ͻȻͷų̽ѿҿ
̽ı˲ˣˮһЬ棬Ҳ˲ϣתͷ㵵ؿ̱ơ
̱ʼ磬һ㿴ɣҾ˵Ӧı顣
Բ⣺һûأҲûʲôβû
̱ƺŲͷ
棺ͻȻ뵽ʲôһĳ̽ͷѹԱмҲûʲôģҾͦãһͦĽġ
ֻҪѿӣ˵ʲôС̽ͷԹġ
̱Ʒ±ӣˣЩϸ֦ĩڣ֮Ҫһˡ
ȻӦţûⰡұڼöûˡһŪŪ
˵ձվ谸ȥ̽ŷ֣һ̨Ϸһ֮ͭʲôûˡ֮ڲע⵽ҲΪڵڼʵ̫ˡ˵Ūѵױ̨Ҳ̫صЩѰ˼ҲĹҲ֬ѵգЩ
ţ֮󣬱㺰ˣҪţ
εÿ죬һֻһУһֻĨ죬һ·СŹ˹ױ̨ǰз¡
ָ˲ǵ͡˲ϵл½ͳһֻձĺ״ϣ²ĳ룬ԭһ̿ȼţðź⣬һ¶ȶˡ
˲̿Ҹ˵˹Ҫţյġ˵Ź²ĳ룬ϲġһһĶһǵƬһεǰһ
ժݸףƬ
̽һͷˮ˿̱һ鰸һͷŽż⣬ʲôֵӡȴֱƬ¶ȣȻͭޱؽƬԼϡ
̽Ȼվײ˲谸ϣп죬ȴﴫƤƵĽζ̽ȻĹˣ̱Կ鰸ǶŽż⣬װԣʰС
·ֻһܿĻþǸЦ̵ŮޱأžӣպƬΪԼױ
ｫƬ˺ѾһƬѪģƬͭԼҶ꣬ǸոױСŮԹˣʮϸ
ţͻȻ𷿼пڣͻȻعͷһѪģЦŶŲ֪˭ʣڣҿŪģǰһһ

 9 

ͷøˣ̱Ƶǻعͷϸϸؿţ״֪̺࣬۽֮ô
߸˵ģ״УҲûϸҵеСҪҩɡ
Ӧһᵽ⣬ױ̨ĳóһ໨СƿһӴƿеЩҩϣȡһСɵˢӣҩͿϡ
Ųȥץ֣ۣ
ˢӣ½ͳһ̣Ͼͺˡ
ﺬǾͲˣֻŻȥģһӡ
ҩϸϸ˿ͿţһҩȫϵѪڵһˢҲѪˡһˢϵڶҩʱˢϵѪѾˡֻһˢӣϵ顣֮ȡһɵӣ֪ʲôõġ
̱ƿƲƲ졣ҲţȥͲĻչûл˲Ҫģ˳ߡ
ӾҪͷˣһۣûܳɹסֻܺޣôˣϺһСĶòҪ롣
̱ȫüõĴдɽˮߵߣߵʱǵôšñŪࡣ
Ņ̀ͷӣֻ첲ȴǻˡ
Ͷ˹һβҩֱ嵽̱ǰȻһӦҵĽûأԴõģ粻ɣ
̱Ƽϵҩֱµճϣˡ״£׷Űϲ䡣ڷϴ֣ӣһŻһӸղſʼվţ֪ʲôǰһĻҡҡͷ̾ʰӡ
ۿѾס̱Ƶӣҩ۾Ҫϲ䣬˼̣ûסã
û㲻һûءһ£
ѻøˣžžવ᣺ү˵һУҪѧűθڣһûˣǶˣǺӣһָ̽Ǻ֮󣬻ûԹһء
һ㶣۴ֻعͷݵ̱һۣȴ½ſˣߵױ̨ϣ򿪳ˤˤط˸ݸ˴ﲻ߶׻һֵӶôģԭ԰ˡ
̽һֱûӸղŵĳл㶵룺ôһ˵ȷʵǺ࣬ðʢģŵ׶ࡣ
ţߵǰͷҲֵݸһݶ̽ӹһСֽһǡ
˳ٳԣ֡
̽㶵ģ̧ͷȴͻȻʲôɲĶһͨһǱ˳ǼẔ́ƽűߡ
ﵹǱһ̲ס̱ƵβвмûɣָָԼԴֿ̽ͷ¶һ˿ͬ
̽ȴȫû˵ЩʲôֻضǰϻѪģһƬǴɲ˿ڣѾ˹ֵĺɫ̺ۣܲϣ۽ֱǡ䲻Ѫȣȴƽһ˵Ĺ졣
̽ȴ˲Ϻ¡ֻ֪˿ڣǰ£Ҳϳӡ
ӣóǸӣǡȥ˿ϵƤ𣿳̲̽סױ̨ĿǸ໨ɵҩƿϡ
ˣʲôҩͨĽ𴴡̱߹ְڳ̽ͷϣͷת˻
ɵǲɵеǵһŶԲһһէģ˵úݡ仰Ƕ˵ġ
ȻصͷֲãӸղſʼʹġҲ㣬ý̵Ҳ˼Ұ
̱Σżģüˡ˵űӣ԰ų̽ͷָҩԼˣյĹϽ裬ڰôȵʱ̶ȫȥʲôˡ
̽Ȼ˵еˣ
̱ƵͷҼģѪˣǡ
̽ͷӹ㡣Ҹ֪˵ҪôʱźõʱҲһءΪôġ
ֵ̱ĥһһֱںУںѪ˵ˣǹⱻˮţҲˡ˿ںõģܻ١һŽֱ°ɡ
ɳ̽Բףɼ㲻°̣ΪΡ˵һ룬ֳɵؿ
ˣûϣһУֱӽҹ
̽˵ȥΪΡҪԻò
ֱ̱ĮȻй𣿻ˡ
̽ʣɴأ
̱ЦԼɴ̱ãǲǸˡ
̽ԺһĬȻƬʵ˵Ϊȥѧ
ͻȻ𣺡ɱˣһӿġҪΪ˻˵ʲô֮ҲϵƭôЩǮôĶȽϱա
̽һӲЩĶȴû˵
̱ĲľˣųţˣѾˣ֪Ҳˣʲôʵľ·ʣǸϲˡ
̽һ⣬ֻñȥһ㱧Żܳȥｫ˼䣬һš
̤żһ̣̽ͻȻ뵽ЩʲôõϻҲȫˣҪЩɡ
ǰ棬Իͷһ治⣺ǹõϼģǺÿ
-------------------------------------
ȥվڵšиţȰ֧ƾš
ڹţЦˣôˣ
Ц߹ȥǣҸңЩҪŰ졣ŽҲ硣
Ŷ̱һ񣺡Ŷԭˡ̱ƹЦŵݸһ֦ݸһöͭ壬Ҳ޽ϡ۵ĻϵĿɲ̺ۣԵø졣
߳һξ֮󣬳̽ǰı벻⣬ȴ·ϵ񣬱ЫʵÿγţҪ𣿡
ǡ̱ƴ
߳ȥһΣŴȥεС̯ϣ̽ûסʳ˿ڣе˶ûʹ𣬻ʹǳ
̱ƿεСϣվ̯ǰ䣬һǹϵ̯ӣֺˣ˳ܹȥˡ
̱ƻش̽УҶԱȹ˵иӷʹӦ
ǹϣ䵽ǣЦ̵ġͷ̱Ƹ֣̽ҪǷָǡ̱˲˹ȥ̽ǰһҲǴյһ𣬷ֵ˺ܴһǡ

 10 

ڣͲʱ԰·ˡڼͦãò׳ţһ㣬Ҳ뿴Ҳ̱ƲòһδΰӸС̯קص·һЦĸ˳һܡﻹǻеǮ㣬ǳţı·
̱ˣҴߵúˣﱧһӰ˵СԴҧһ¡үҲҪˡ
Ⱨϻһκӣģѵÿͷˡһ߲ͷѿ·һ߻̱ƣүúڼҴǮԼ¶۲Ҳ
̱һԴӼ·С֮ҪôţҪôûͣ
ҪΪԼ뵽ͷ˳̽һۡ
̽Ҳ˴Сͷ·ͻȻͷһ̧ͷһ̱Ƶ۵ѾƳȥˡ
Īɵĳ̽һͷˮ
-------------------------------------
ȥʱʱ򻨵ø̽һ··ߵһʱѾ֪Ŀĵˡ֪ߵֽǵʱûף̱ƴصҪʲô
ƹǰѾΧˣſڹٱŵλεĳҴյ̫ſΧ˸ȦӳOO@@Сš
ƹϿͷˣСǸףŵȺлΪСѹģɸ˷ܣҪ̽ЩϢûȥͼӴһġ
̱վڽֽǣԶԶȺ֮ɨһۣûʱǼףҪᵢ̫ʱڿϡ
ſŹٱ˵ٸ˻ھƹ档Һãû١ֻŵٱȴǼԼģЩ鷳
̱ƻͷܳŶ೤ʱ䣿
Žţһ˼뿴֣ڴ˵ô˵𣿳ɡ
̱ƲţĶˣһͻȥˣЩûгԭˣ
ﲻˣЩҲûʲô㻹أұˣԼϰɡ
̱æסͰ㣬ҿһ㡣ˣҪ߰ɡ
һΪѵӣҴԶֲܹΪ˿ֵģǰæ֪ɡȴزס͸һ͵˷ܣʲôʱãʱԽҲעһ£Ҫ뿪һߡ
̱ưĶǽǣվԡ̽ԣקһѣѱŵĶŵһȻǰ̧̽۱ܿǱջٵĿЩʴӣֻԻعͷȥ̱ơ
̱վ࣬ƹݵķһۣ˵ͷ
۾
촽΢΢ţʲôɳ̽Ŭȥȴκ̱ƸɫȻվԣ̽һʣȴÿڣʴ֮䣬ͻȻоŵ״һ˿ʪ⣬ת˲֮䣬ʪ˽׵λá
Ľϣôˮ̽һͷȥȴûпκʪǸɸˬˬʯש档
ˮĸоȴԽƬ̵Ĺ򣬱Ѿ䣬ֱؿڵķȥˡ
һ˲䣬޴Ŀ־彫ûֻصƬڰˮףܿκιڰʲôµĶڵȴű۾ˮ°͵ʱһ
һֻ־ݵͻȻסĿڱǡ̽Ӻڰоѣ˫סֻ֣Ҫͷȴײһϡ
̱ƿų̽ŵ壬Ͻ˽ͷְԼһ㣬̾˿Ҽ˸ˮС޻ǣԵ
̽ƽֹͣ˲̱סĿڱǣûᵽˮڱǵϢС̱Ƽ״̬תɿֵ֡˲䣬̽ʶס˺
۾ȻûпʲôˮǰǸֽǣԼš
̽šСĵһ
ԺȻǿ̽ɵΪԼղŵʧ̬ЩΣԼ֪ôģ˻þ̧̧ҪԴ̧ʱ򣬴һˮۣɢǰĿ
̽ȻضǰĿ
ﲻ޽˵ҵΪպ
̽ûü죬̱һס˺ӣ˵˵һų̽һҲಽظţ˿첽ƹȥ
ﱻţϴĲˣԼߡ
̱Ȩûֻɿ˳̽ôߵúܿ죬۾žƹݣ˵һˮ򡣷Χһߡˮĸ֮¡
˴ʱѾߵΧ۵֮У̱ȴԹԵؽţ˿δ̽ЩԾؿŽߵΧߣǸȴʲôҲûһ˷ܵƹ
ƹΧ۵Ⱥƹݴȥſڵٱŵţǰĸˣ
̱վǰַŵ˹ϣԳ̽͵պ֮ڣһ飬ᱻ֪ŶͼݣŰһ¡
ǰƣ̽ƺܵһ˿ˮĲת˲šﳯ̱Ƶ˵ͷ̱һƿһ죬ų̽˵һ̶ϵպķΧڿպķΧ֮£κε塢ٶεġɻڿպдţɿպ֮ˣȴһĻ󡣡˵ֱ꣬ƿ˴ţֱ˽ȥ
ŹٱȻǰǰȺڣԹŽȥĸˣš
̱֮Ʒֽźˣ̽΢ӦһǰĺڰΪ˷ֹȺڿ̽ƹŴһӱڵ˴룬ϽǵһηҦվǲ࣬ʲôϰڷһ͵壬ðײţӦñСʬ塣
֮ǰһֱЩԾԾԣڲ֪ôˣЩӡ̱ɲĥ䣬ֱӽƵǰ棬ĸ˾ôվ˼ηҦߡ
Ȼ֪Լܱ̽һۣʶס˺
ֻҦԼη˵ˣûˣָɫҲģҡһöԲǶɱӦÿԲ󡣡
η˫ֳӣָյţԣǱȥ˫۸ȥͷ֮󣬾ôţѪģ
ҦĿİͰͣôŵ˵ֳѪûûôࡣңңĿڱȽϸɾѪҲбĺۼǣͷ󣬻򵥵ֹѪ
ηֱŰײѪԣһѶ˸ͷֲôǸֹѪһ۾Χ˰Ȧͣӵǰ࣬ԣһƫƧطľƹݵС֪ʲôܣĻأ
͵ƿǲײСѪɫĺڶûбŵϣ·ڴź⣬ضסͷķ
⧲ؼгס졣ϵ΢΢һ̽еߵˮƾҵزţ̱˲嵽ǰ棬ذѾ΢΢ӣضס˼η硣
η۾һ㣬̱ƿ

 11 

סͣպĲƽ̱̽Ʊܴľ࣬ηһ˲˲ضߡ
ôˣҦͻȻڣطʡ
һȼĽɢһЩηջ۹⣬ϵһۣȵţûʲôҦҡҡͷûʲôǴɡˡ
Ҧæְ֣࣬ڣңˡ
ηһЦԵʮˬʣһοôҵİӣܲҲġɵĺܺãصġ
̱ƼηҲʲôӣҲذջѥͲУʾǰһ㣬ߵʬͷĵطɥֱߵ̳Ӿƣ˹˺ڣ׳׳ʮֵ׼ǰ˼ҷɿס۾˵ʲôҲٶ࿴һˡ
̱ƴյʬǰϸѪģۿ￴һֻعͷ˴һۣ°ָָʬͷ
췭Űۣקһӣ֣ʬڴ򿪡
̱￴һۣϲܸɾҲûʲôѪʾֿ֣˿ʬĲ࣬ûѪߣȷʵж
СǸʮ֣Ҳ˵ûࡣ
ǱżηҦ˵ߵѾˣȻȥҲѳʬһȥ
ҦСʣ𣿡
η米ڴתţܲҵʲô˿ôҪѳģһʱ߲ˣðϸϸһ顣
ҦҸһ߰ɡڳȥûţǿ϶ҪЦҸղųࡣ
ηһЦð㡣ֻˣҶ׶Σȹȥͺˡ
Ҧɥˣǣһοµ߻أѰϸ˵ȥˣֻһˡ
ηŹ̨ϰŵ˲ţҶû˵ȥ´עˡ
ҦͻȻʲôһǸүǸʲô˰
պĸͻȻС䡣
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̲סƲƲ죬̽ȴЩ㵵̧ͷ̱һۣ̱Ʋòͦͦ壬Щ°ı
Ҧ̾ͷֲأôÿȷһӡ
ηԺлһϼ̱ƣǰұ٣µΪ˰ͽᣬ𣬵꣬յһ٣ֲ֪ʲô취붯̴ԴŹء
һĵؿ̱ƣ̱촽촽˵üû취ʵ̫ˡһ죬·ڰԼûиĺʱ
ֻη˵ұȥϯֵأۼٳ䲻ȵ˵ϲӵС˵Ļ˵ЦûüȥأѾԹˡ
˶̱ƣֻһ̯֣ûҲҪװڳɣǲǾͳһס
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ˣҦ𣬻пպĸˣͬʵ
̱ΪԾŵؿżη硣̽һۣ㵵ı飬ʵڲװġ
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СƤҿǸСϹӣʲôǾаˣˡ
̱Ҳû˵
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̱ͻȻ̧ͷ˹̨ϷǽϡӸղŽ;õﲻ̫һ˵ֱҦôһᣬע⵽̨ϷһľƣдŵڲƷƵ֣˵˷ġʱǿȴˣǽֻʣһӡǽϡ
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ǽвУ浽ˡ
ı˳Լؿڣ̫̫ˣеʲô˰һΪ㱻ء
̱ưһۣԼûסȷʵһ˲Ϊ汻ֻ𣿡
ﵹȷʵЩ飺ǲǣҲûô˰һ˲£һˣġ
̱Ʋÿɷ񣺡֮ҲûǴ̽Щȥɣȥú졣
ͷŴҪһ̣һŭ쳹ҶأҸշģôһѶأ
Ȼϱס죬ǿԶˡ
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η⴫ģŮ˽һ£ûûзϡ
ߵűŵĶˣѳ֮һǰڣһ߽ţһ˳ִԱߵһ̳ơ
˾ƹϰڵ滨ףɬõ̱˵ģȻڵǮҵһ̳ƣϺõյӣѾһ롣̱ûѣҵȷʵ졣
η罫̳̳֣ͻȻһ㶡
̳лһΣֻһΣ¶ɵı
ͷͣʬϵ򾲾ȼš
ͻȻţ˳ȥȺ֮дһȦֵĴȥ
ֵ쳣

 12 

ȥ·ϣΪ£ͦһʱ֮䣬ĸ˶û˵
̱̽ҲΪ˱°̱ϲ·ЩƮݵĴ䳤ۣǽҪԶţҲûлװֲ֪ΪβԸôõ·ӵ°ڶմЩЩˡ
̽˵Ǵ׷Ǵգ̱ƵĽŲ°
ʱѹ磬ԽĿ֮£̽ǴգԽԽһĸ֮ѹѹȥ
Ӹ֮Ҫܲ˵سʱǴͻȻͣˡ̧̽ͷȥԭſۣ̱ǰĲӡ
Ųӣ̱ñǿ׳ôţ˵ɡ
̱治ɫͷˣ
סͷߺ󣺡ۣ̫ˣѿһۡ
̱ƳûƹǰߣǿɲˣøϽؼϢϢ
ʱһץסӣ򿪵ͷۣĶȫ͵ۣỹҲ˳ˣøۡ
̱ƾסһһлú˵ú˵ץˣ󡣡
קøˣ󣿣ٹҵĻǴ˵ֻȵ࣬ҷĲóģ֪һīҪʷˣȻ㶪·߽Сë˳ˣ˰
̱ƷֱǶ·ߵʱҲû˵ʲôڳʲôڣ
ﳹ׼ˣһˣͷ۸۵ģͼЩʲôΪ㣡һ˻Ǹͷţûˣ
̱ץԼίί֪ҵȻ֪һΪң֮ǰѶϲ˵һˣҪʲôҾ͸ʲôؼ㶯ֱģСأҲҵӡ
ĿСӣϽһӰͷȥ̽ǲܣҲûʲôؿ
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ǳ֪̽ġ֪ԭ̱ƸûԼһʱЩʧ룬̱ơ
̱ȴûٿԭôģƻб䡣֮Ҳ˵ĵطȻ㸮˵ɡ벻ҪʲôӸõ֮󣬴ʮ㣿
ŷſӣԺ޺޵ʮܴˣûҪʲôǷţҲҪոȨϢ
̱ӦУУ˵㡣
ⶫģּôһ䣬ǿ⣬Ẕ́ơ
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̱ƿһۣͻȻ⻨ʲôôģˣ˵Сڻоȥġ˵ܡ
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ҡͷ̾ȥ
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ûʲô
׷ŸһۣһƵһߣûУ
СųϻϵΧȹУԣ϶ˣŹأԵƬ̰ɣȵġ
ּں棬֣ãҲæ
ȥ̱ƳӸʲôʲôͺãү
˵ͷ̱ϲ̵ģԼѾͷá
ʱ̽˽̱һͷ֣һأȰ齻ˡ
̱̽ƺá֮ǰ򷭵ĲѾʰˡ̱ߵǰ£ȸԼ˱裬һȥɤӣ˸ӵˣݸ
￴Ҳûûıӣֱߵˡ
̱Ҳ⣬ֱӰѱӵݸ˳̽ȵˮɡ
ָһˮһ֮󣬲ſڣʰɣ֪һӣﻵ˰ɡڿ˵ˣʲôʰɡ
̽űӵͷûҲû˵̱Ʊ㾲صţҲ
Ƭ̣̽ɤӣʵΪʲô
̱Ʊʵһ㶣ﶼعͷֵų̽
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̱һ㶣Цϣãס˰ɣôǼֹС
̱Цˣ֣̽⺢ӡʲôʾˡ
̽Цˣֱ˲谸ĵϣÿ˶𣿡
ֳ̱ס°ͣ῿ţҼˣС
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ү򣬵Ȼǰ޹˺ߣµһˡ
﷢һЦ̽ûܣʵÿ˵ǲһǿպ
̲סһޣôߵȵ޵򣬴ɱɱ³úݡ
̽ûĻ۷̱ƣʲô
һСƨӣ˵Ҳ̱վڷתһȦҵһѣŻŵ谸ϣˡ
̽ƺǺԸشӣû׷ʣһ⣺֮ǰ˵˵顭
Ҳ򡣡̱ƽѿڳݺ
֯篡
򡣡
˸裬ʹԡ
򣬶˵ЩŮ޵ĻЩ˿˵ʵض˵
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Ϊ⣬͵ͷ
̱ƷͷţЦſų̽Ҫһʲô򣿡
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̱ɷµͷǸ֣βû˵׼еĻҪʲôģ
̽Ӷ˵ֱߣôĻ˵Ů޵ǻ޵ģǴɱɱġսսĻϣһЩľͺˡ
һܲ˵Ĳ̱Цﲻ֪ΪΣ͸㿴ֵ˭һսˣ
̽ûףЩãȻС
̱ƴʱϵЦѾɺԵĻЦˣ˭㣬һˣ

 13 

̱̽Ƶ۾ǣǿ¶һЦ˵ʲôȻ
ſڴĺȵȵȵȣܽһţ̱Ьӣˡ
һ߸Լ˱裬һ߲Թ̱ƣ˵˵ڳʱһ˵ôҡ˵һǱ裬ڴؿ̽
̽죬ɤӸɿƣ
̱ƣ֪ǸûװϹ˵ģɲ֪Ϊʲô,̱ǴϷڴȴʱ򣬿ȥˡһ㺹ӳ̽ı˳
Ҳһ˽һű㿴ý˵ϣȵһۡһֻŶų֣̽ȫûᵽֻߵǰϷŵС״ŵǰһȽһյ¶ʡ
￴Ҳǰ룬Ȱʲôȵȵȣãҿ֡
ߵ˻һԣһų̽
ĸ˵߶˳̽ϡܳ̽æֻһȤζЦĵĿȴһڱ粵ȻҴСҵûʲôȷʵǡҲԸѿӲΪ
̱ۼų̽ͷϵĺһһð״Ų֪֤ԼЦ߹Ƕˣ̲ס֪֪㲻ѿ֤еģСǣ˰ɡ
̽㶵ģһɵˣ֪ʲôӣǡΪΡ
̱Ϲϧı飬ȴʮְˬҲһ֪Ҳû˸˵ɡ
̽вӰԽԽʢ˵ʲô
̱˷ܵطţų̽ļ򣺡һʱԱһǲȷġɸ˲һǣ˿㣬˵ȴϡ٣ҼȺӡԵ˳ʱ򣬻һۣ֮ʱ˵ԱҲᷢ仯
仯̱ƿȫʯĳ̽ϳ˵ǻתΪԼĳ˵ԣŷȺܴ
Ҳ˵ָָ̱ԼţЦ۾ߣȳʱ򣬾ܱɸˡ̡
һƬš
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ƺ˺ܳʱ䣬ĳšСۼһСûУ
ҲûСˣ
죬ʮֿϧϧˣʱҪеСŲźء
̱Դ֪̽˵½һ֪ʱ𣬾һֱŻ죬źݺһӡɳ̽ţ۷ſգ·ɵ˵ӣ̱е㷢ëűѺɵˣ治ȥˡ
̱ɤӣȣ˵Ǳͨ˵СģѾǸСˣһʱ֮ѽԼһСɡ
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̽һ˿ɶ̱ӵţ̽ڴл¾۵̱ϣ˼ĭò׿ڣ·ϣҪң˵С
̱Ƽعûɵ˿ȷʵб䡣ףȨ㡣
ֿü񫣬̱ܲӣ̲סʵʲôˣզˣ뵱кˣ
̱ûֵı飬ɫ̽̽񣬲ܣֱֱضġ
̱̾˿谸ϵ߶ɨһԣָմŲˮڲм䣬һˮߣõˮ·Լһ࣬һССĲ豭ŵˮϷ̽ǲࡣ
̽ͷǰĲ豭û
̱ƽַϥϻ֪ʲôʱѾһɫĸױɱҲǣ
̽˫ַ˲ס˲豭˵ͷǡ
̱ƽǰ֣ĸ֮ǰ˳쫷ǰϦͷߣˣ㣬Ҳǣ
ֵ̽ͷǡ
̱Ʊֽǰ֣ԽˮߣˣǴǾʬ壬ĸūһգȴһ֮±Ұأͷص²ãʧѪҲǣ
̽ĬƬ̣ǡ
̱ץסӣֽǰ֣˳̽ŵıӣһ죺ĸ׵ĳңûзŹӵĴ㡣Ļһʱͷ̫ԶƣԲܳŵص²
Ҳ˵ָ̱òǸƹݼ˵ʱĳңпܣڸǣ
סվ㵵ؿ̽
̽ס˱ӣûеͷҲûҡͷ
̱Цһָڲϣָᷢųֽ֣̽һݡֻһѩһĴ죬ǸССıӣų֣̽Ϣ˼Ƭ
̱ƽ˻Դϥϣʳ̽ңŸĪɱ֣вŹ˿˼в漰˵ľġǵСŰֻΪ˵õһƾʲôãֻҪѧɱ˵ı£ɱ
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̱ƽ֧ϣ°ִͣһ˿Ц˵ûɱˣ̲㣬ܰȸң׷ɱСк˹ǻܲܲ鵽ʲô
̽㵼̧ͷû̱˵ʲôʲô
̱Ƴһͷָ棬ų̽㵵ӣЦһ˰ɣСӰװװòȻһ㶼ɰ
̽˵ʲô̱һָڳ̽ǰֹסĻͷˣԭͷˡִˣҲ޷ұ鷳ɴ˴סЩࡣ
̽ûпڣ̱ƵָУЩ
̱ƿСԼƤӵ¶۶Цһվȥƹ֮ǰûѰѪζȥҹǲһǴֻҪͼѰҵʱѪζƮ㽫ϵѪͿľͷʯҰϣŴ꣬Ҳ㣬ǲǣ
̽ûлش̱ƽ˵ʱұ֪һļһұȥͷľƹݣһ۾ܱĴߣ۲ң÷ġֵʱһΪ˵ǾԺˣġڻ㲻Ǳֻӡԣʱ׷ɱѾ׷˸ҲѾ˼ޣȲѣİɡ
̱ߵ˳̽󣺡ǳμ棬˵Щÿһÿһ䣬һǾƹΪϢԴɵȻҶ棬̶ͬȻ뿪ǽǣǾʬ壬Ǿʬ岻䵽С
˵ţ̱˫ַ˳̽ļĿǰڳ̽˵˭һʮ׽ӣ˵Щءҵʱ΢һЩȥ˸ãϣ᲻˵Сиõļٸӣͬڷأ
̲̽סɪһ¡̱ƫͷȥĲߣۿɼظһƬ

 14 

ԸһСӣǶСӣ̱ƻǲмڻģͷβģֻ˰̽ļƮƮˣӸµվڳ̽󣬿ͷΪʲôжһߣɱֱ㲻׷ˣôţһס㣿ҳμûʲô飬Ҫǵʱɱ׷ɱ㣬ҿ϶һʱƳȥ
̱Ƶֺûʲô¡̽صƤϵǲ㺮ȥͦ˼򣺡ֻɱҵҪҪ漰ˣʹҡ
̱ͷ㿴ֻҪװɵС˵ͷ
̽ǰɨһԣ̱ʵɱǸ㵽ҵլӣλãȻȥʹң˵漰ˣۻؾƹݣС֮ڣ
̽΢΢ҡͷ֪ұ
̧ͷ̱ƣ촽̱Ƴһ֣ͣʾ԰꣬Գ̽˵ʹң˵漰˺һֱǱլֱɱе·ˣαԶȥԸǸС
̽ڣ̱ǰضĻͷ֪ʲôſڵ԰԰˿ӣʲôᡣҲʲôŶݼװûƭ㣬Ҿࡣ
̽Աͷüëû˵
̱Ƽ˼һתһȥԺҵһ֦پɱҲһֱڵɱֽլȡԲԣ
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Ǳˡ̱ЦȻˣǾֻʣһԭˡΪҡ
̽͵ػͷ̱ƣ¶㵵ı
̱Ƹųֲ̽ԾϥսˣΪ΢΢ţ̱쿴۾ȥ˫۾ԲĲͫʶģһ
̱Ʋ֪ͻȻĻ˼ֻӹ̽ͷɨ˳̽۾̽ƫȥգ˼̱̲ۡסЦˣȥֻΪˡɱָһ·ȥһ˵˵һ˽һլһʣѽѽ˵ңܶɱû취ߣֻۻС鱨ʤˡ
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Ҳ˵̱ӣʵʵǣĳң֪˵Ĵ֪֪ʲôزĸױ׷ɱǷΪ˵ݣǣֻȥ
ǣָ̱һһȥҡţȥģ
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̱ƾſų̽ͻȻˣԾſڣźĴһȦȻѹϣǰ
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̱̽˵ʲôˣúĿʵҲˣҪɱңΪҪðŽҲ¶ķգҴɱˣˣ
̱ЩգȣⲻǣѾߵ֮󣬲׵Ѳɻܵʯһܰʲôⶼ׵ģ
̽Ц˼˵Ķԡ
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ֻ̽ЦʵʹǴңҲң
̱Щ˼һ֮ЩʲôҲܲͨѶʽأ㴫ѶװǰɱӣҾ㣬һˣȴ㱣ˡҲðգǴɱҲֻöԲסˡ
̽·һֻ̱ƵļƲ߸ȤʵԸϽأ
̱զ࣬ͷǾ鷳Щֻɱ㣬ڵԺȥɱǷɱģҪϵĲֻȥŲܡǿԽɱĶѡһΪ㱨𣬶֪Լ¶ˣȥҲȷȷʵǼϸҪˣҲиӣ
̽Цˣ˼Σ·һˡ
֪̱ƽԣԲӶ˵Ų֪һ壬䣬ǻӡ̽࣬˵̰жôɲΪ˿ǣѶΪ֮Ī֡
̽ڰ֣ʮִȵӣض˵ֻһ㣬û뵽
̱Ƶ㲻ض˼жᱻɢע⣬˵ȥһڱ
̽û˵꣺û뵽ʱû涢أ
̱һüëǰ뿪ƹݣСڶһˣ˵ظǺ档һһ·ﳳȥֳһȦǳʲôĿģܲڡ
̽Цһ棺۾Ȼûҡ

 15 

̱Ƶĺһ˲ת˲ѹȥֻг̽ע⵽ˡ
̽ͣ˼û˵
̱ڿʲôɵ顣ֻ̽ע⵽һЩָ΢΢¡
ǡô˳˵׷ɱɱˣôģ
̽СܵԴŮҪǫѷͷü˳ͣɱġ
̱µЦڴʱڸεضų̽𻰵βЦܹǰ־磬ȥֳסӣ̧ͷͷһѾıͷػš
̽ƫͷȥֻĲ۾¶һڲϣ΢΢š˸衣
̽ͷȥûǣǣЦһ¡
ŴӾһʵÿĿİͰͣ㡭ɱģ˵ɱģ㣿
̽ͷҡ
૵ǣǴӾƹ뿪֮һֱһ𰡣һֱһ𣬲ܵģ㲻ܡ
ͻȻһѵѵȥ׹ӵǻֻǻ
̽ڸ˵Щʲô̱ͻȻôһʮ֮ھиúһĲ죬ȥûɱ˸վĳӣѪӶûϣ˳ִʬ塣Ҫ۸Ͻ¹ͷСүְ̧ɣĸһҲɲ˼ҡ
ԥԥģһ濼ҪҪĵı顣
̽Ͻǫ飺أȥ׹ˣͷڽȦӶˡ
̱ۣ¶ҿô±ࡱı
̽Цɱģʬһѽ
̱۾ͷϢͷת˳̽
ڵõ̱Ƶ񣬳̽һɺܸ˵ı飬ҲЩǼҸ²࣬ᴩˣӺ󱳴̽ȻƸġûϸϵĿӣǶûܷ֣ĿӱȱͣС˲٣ҸӱЩҲв㡣ҿ˵Ҫһģ룬Ǻ¡
̱һ˲˲ؿǲĸ׵ū˵ǡ
̽ͷȷʵĸ׵ūţĸʮ꣬ġҲǷĸ׵ҳ
̱ˣֻȴū
̽ĬƬ̣ԹԵؽȥ˼ǧ·׷ɱûнҧţȴҲûϹղףһ·Ҳ˼ˣҲԽԽԣʱҹͻȻۣῴҴߵԺȾƣֱֱضҡ
˵̧ͷ̱ƣһ׷Ҳһţȥ׷ǸҹûΪˣһԼ·ˡܲһ·׷ҧңҲ˺üȦӣĸ˵λãϸ·ͷҰĸ˵ģߵˮûСȵλãվʱȴͻȻˣֻǻûҸˣ㷢Ƶ߹ҵķٽϻ˰ϣסҵĲӣңΪʲôڣվʲôĸ˵ܱıأ
˵ͻȻһЦ֪ԭһ·׷ҵĸ˵ıأȴԸ⽫طָǼװɢĸֻڳرȥ˵̣ǳҵ׷ҡҽҪȥ֮ʣм׷׷ûʳص䣬ҪסҵὣӭսЩ׷Ҳǲףһж࣬ʤʮǿ׷ɱ֮Ȼڵϻ˺ܾáȥժҰſԽӵ֭һţһ߿ңƺһЩƬ̽ҷϽϵʬȥ֮˷֣Ƕûղҵ¡
˼ˣݸ첲ҰšᵽһʬʱѾ˼ޣʬĸ첲ұĥˣһЩҾվ󣬰ѽͱ˽ȥ
̽ͷԼ֣ɿ˽תͷͷ˿ðĽ⣬һץңе㺦£һ㣬ˤ˹ȥҲģ׷ʬϽ֮󣬱ߵԶԶصţȵ˺ҹȣҲһҲǰȷϣȷʵˣɱ
̧̽ͷ̱ԿԼЩ˼Цˣ֪ţҶĵľšǰҵĸǶϰ䣬ûϢһȥĸˣû뵽ͻˣȸǻǿЩû뵽Ҳöͱһˡ
Ȼأ㽫ʬϵ˴£
š̽Щգĸ˵մѪȥվƬ̣ꡣ֮У֡ұŰɣڵϴϢһͻȻϣת˲ˡ뽫ʬʬϽɺѾʼŭųˡɫѾұ㽫ʬϵ˴²ţȻȥҸطһܡ
۾ͻȻ΢΢ʱҵһۼ
̱üͷ΢ǻ䡣
̽˵ɫţ֮ĻĴããģ˺ԶԶҿһɫӰûоɡڱȴ΢֪Ϊʲôҵһ۾֪ĸ˵Ǹ˾㡣
̱ƻ룺ԼѭѪζոֵʱ򣬺ȷʵᵽ˿Ϣֻһ˲ƾճһнԶȥƾʧˡԼʱû̫⣬мҾƹݿţ£ȥȣһȾ졣
̽Цǲ֪ΪʲôͻȻˡ˿˳ϼѪζ᲻ҲǱĸ˵ıƭģĸ˵ûпģǡޡҲȥͷ񱼣صͷŴ»һʵʬ壬û׼ѪζԸסϵζҲǱ㽫Ὺһ죬˽ȥ
̱м
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ȭͷɣɣ찡ߺȾƳԲ˱ݿףҿʵʵ찡Ьһ˫
̱ѹûΪƽ˼ʵˡһ˵ǣǱһ׸Բ˵һЩֻΪʲôҸոʻ㻰һֱɱָԼʯͷ̣յ̫ף֪Ѷ˰߳ȥ
̽ת̱ƣɫȻСǸСعһˣҲ֪ˣѾ׷鵽СҲ֪ͨʲô׷ģֻȷһû˶ҡŽʱλˣҹں棬ˣ˸ţԲŹôõĻᣬȻġ
˵ĬһƬ̺૵УΪҡҲҳϣɱˡ˵Լûɱˣ¡Ҫҡ
ֻ̱һЦŶô˵˵ϸɱ㣬Ͳˣ
̽Цʮ̹ȻҴоͺˣô᲻ҵġ
˵ֵȥûŹˣҲûŹɱҡǣϲҡ
̱ưڰ֣ЦһҲ̽ˣվ°ڣ˵ˣͦˣǰƻ£ûʲôһȥտһ˰ϴˣĶӻĶȥɣ׼һ£ˣҪοա
ֱȴͻȻס죬ɴ۾ı󡣿УһŨѪζɢ

 16 

ʯ֮䣬뵽Լǳ̽뵽ǸëȻĿܡ
̱Ʒ·ͷһñˮȻתֱͬŹһ㣬ӣ۹ذѾС
ȴͻȻһ㶡
̽һƬɣģһ۳˿ڣѪѪϪһֱڵϡ
̽ϲϲҲûʹ֮УԼ˿ڣͻȻȥһš
عͷʱǼմһѪƺûвֱۣ̱ЦžѰѪζɡδѪѪʮ֮ŵǻˣѪӦҲѪζֻʮֵҲ֪ôѪ
˵ţѪһ߬߬ȭֱ۸߸ߵؾյ̱Ƹһ㣬ǼϻһʺѪЦŴߴ̱ƣһ¡
̱ƾ۹ֱ㴹ɵذף⵽˳̽ǰû˵
̽Ŭͷֱ۾ٵøЩ̱ûеͷֻǱ֣ؿ񲻹ܾٵôߣǹ
Ѫ˳Ÿ첲򴦵·Ѫʪˡֱ۽һ£мν˳̽۾ϡ̽һƬģѪɫ̱ƣվɫӣīڵͷɫһʺѪһһͬ˺ڰ
-------------------------------------
۾ʱǰǰβϸܾµĵ񻨣Щ졣̽һ˲Щ㱣һ죬ԼĴһ
Ųһ壬ֱۺ޷شһܵʹУ̲סɪһ£ֱۻӱ˳
С˺ü׾ոµģŤˣȴʮֽеѪɫ͸ھ档
ƿӿһۣԼϵ·Ҳˣһѩɫ£ոµġȫ£ֻоͷһѪɫΨһۻࡣ
̽ǵѪɫһȻҵһתͷ˴ߡ
һΣȴûڴߵ
̽˴ߵıߵһĬĬͷת˹Сĵطǰ۾
ͻȻһ죬һŽ߿˽ﻹֵģӣôһˣ
ߵԱߣϣϷ¾ҩƿһĶһžһ߷޷߶һÿһʡĵģĲСĲѣҿǹȥˣһغȥԺݹҲź
̽˱ˤˤʰĴһļӣɤӣڣǸˡ
ͷƳһۣûˣľȥˡ
һֶ˸̽Ϸż򵥵һ࣬˵̽ǰ
Ե¶ǲ̫˳
ܡ̵̽ͷֳסֽ˹ӹ֮󣬿˿ֿ֣룬ѡ
òӾͶţһ̰ɡ˸ۣ߻ȥˡ
̽Ӧţʵʵ롣
Ȼõ֣ôûȥʲôզһȥԺ·ˣʡǮ죬̽Ȩû
һ߹ڴߵıߵˣ֡
̽Ͻֵݳȥ
Ѿһҿһ̧ۣͷְ˳̽һۣ˵ܵܣָʲôѧ˼װݰװ
̽Լ˿һۣȷʵЩҲ̶á뵽һʱɵЩΡ
ҩƿƿеҩڳ̽˿ϣ̽۵һϸֶŵʮǱȴȹ˲ϣֻ̲סʵȡأ
̱ƣɫˣֻû̽ʹҩµøˣһ···ͳ۵òУݳȥˡ
۵ûһ㣬̽ȴ˲ϣ·
µľϣɲǣһһȫµģϺõӣʹһأҪ˵մϵѪϴϴǻܽŴƫƫ˵̲סһ
̽ûʹͻȻץס˴ֱۣһѵѵҰѪŪ·ˣ
˦֣ȻΪôģֱ㡣ҹһ·ģŪѪ«һ·ǰ϶Ѫ
-------------------------------------
˿ڣֿһ࣬ųȥȻһֱ߶·¶̱ƶ˷ѣ̽çײ
ЩֻǸڳ̽ΧĿûнĶȥ
ߺڴһ´ߵǰһƿ˷ţ˳ȥ
ֻ֪ҹֲܳʲôʱ䡣̽ұۣ߳ԺţԺ⴫΢ˮ
Ժź˳
ʲôʱǰһ澵أԶڵһۣк֮С
̫ˡ˺ûô򵥵ˮûֲɣûƯƼûСţų̂ͤؼһ澵ӣʢһҹɫš
̱ƾյɫ棬ˮ˫ڳرߣų̽ϴһѩɫĵ£ˮʪˣ͸֮ɫɫתĵˣɫҪϼ֡
̽Ծס˺ûǰҲûп˵
̱ûлͷȴͻȻڣᣬȴǴӺԶĵطˮ£ʲô
̽˺һŷӦ̱Լ˵æһ⣬ԥŴ˴קȥУβ

̽һ£Ȼ㷴Ӧ˹Ĭ˺ܾãˡĸס
أ
Уˡ˵һֻ֡
أ
С̽һᣬѵݡ
̱³һͷޡ
ţ̽·
̱ˮתӣ°͸ϣų̽ޡֻҪѪһ޵ѪޣҵˣһšŵˣҾôϡ
̽ȴͻȻͷס֪˵Щʲô
̱Դų̽ޣǸ˻ѹ
̽ĿģһᶨһãȻƬ̺ңҲ֪
̱ƲƲ죬ǶԳ̽ĻشǺ⣬Ҳû˵ʲô˫һųرڣˮˣվ˳رߣϵ·Ҳһװɫ£ˮʪϣӦúܣҲ⣬һͷϵˮһ˵֪ˡޣұ㲻ܽųȥˡҲûȥһȸҰɡֻһûβۣҲ֪ʱ򣬻᲻һۻԡðŮӵգǾֻȥֻ˵ʵһ㲻Ƥӵ£һʱûõΰ㣬Ҳ˵˵ôġ
˵ȴȲ̽Ļشͷؿ˳̽һۣ̽Ƴһ㶵ģҲЩ졣
̱ƺɵ˳ų̽Ŀ⣬¿һۣŭˣС˸ӣĶأ

 17 

̽ͻȻ̧ͷʱлЩãȻ
գ۾̱ʲô֮һ£Ҫ͸ѪһǡûǸ
̱Ʊ̽æҽͰͽ͵ӣװȥˣһЦŵģ𡣡קקˮʪϵĿӣų̽üĽ
̽ԼĿˮݺǺһڣ֣ƴͣȡǣǡǡ·ϣƺƺûпβԺ棬࿴ۣѡ
̱һ㶣ɫ΢ЩߵرߵļԱߣи̣һõĴ̱ۡûϵ·ʪģǼӶϣٻعͷų̽ʱѾȥ˯ǰ˵ˣ£ҰͥԺɨĻ㡣
̽ȵ΢΢ţѹϢü˳Ŀǡ
ϴ½£Ҳ㡣
ǡ
С㡭Ҳûҵĳθðա֦Ļ㡣
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ȴƬ̡̱̽Ϣˣ̧ͷȴͻȻôȥ
̽ڣԸȥҲδطġ
šвȫ㣬ǰԼƤӵ±ȽϷġ½⡣̱ʮ̹ϣֻǶԳ̽Уһ˿ɣֻǣǱкôģ֪Ա£ߣгʱŮķյģ治⣿
̽ش̧ͷЦ˵һϲκ˵ת֮£δػᷢϡתԱҲǻ¡֪һҪ׷ɱҵʲôʱԱ𶼻ˣһݵαװܹҪЩ
̱´˳̽һ㵹ѵãûȾëͦ͸
̽Ц𣺡壬֮ģʲôء
̱һۣû˵ʲô££·̽߹Ժȥ
̽ͷ͡
ʱ̱ȴͣ˳̽ߣƽһʣĸ֪ҵģ˵
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-------------------------------------
ڶ̱Ǳѵġ
ŴԺߴߴ֪˵ʲôºܸߵӣһ𴲻űҪ
ȴöϳ̽۾
̽ɨվԺ˹̱ƶۡһӾĳ۾أ̱չһЦˡ
֪ΪʲôΧڳ̽ߣС˵ģһ˷ܣүƣԺɨˣ㻻ӵ·ҲϴˣſڡϵĻ궼ɨˣ緹ҲˣǽɵģүʰʰܳԷˣ
̱˴˷ܣֻǻһа𣺡ʲôԣˣ
۵һˤš
̽᲻أڽûϵ˵˺üҼʵĻ㣬һ¡˲䣬ֻ˯ðɡ
ƲƲ죬Ͷų̽˵СٲȻѾ̽ΪԼˡ̽ЦЦ˱һͬԺߡ
û߳ȥֿˣ̱ƺǺ˰ˮˮ黹ûвɣһ߸׷ǣһϵϵϵͷģүôҲҪӡ
-------------------------------------
ʣеõҲãƬЮһƬУ磬̱ƳԵ۾
ͻȻ۾ʳ̽ҿŵģô
̽ǰࣺĸҲϲˣԭȳΪ˺ġ
̱Ƶõ𰸱㲻׷ʣ۾
̱ƳԷҾϸȴһԵòࡣ߷¿ӣռģںﻶһŲԼǰ
ų̽棬̱ѵõظеһ˿ˣɸֵҡͷţĵţĵƽʱûԹ𣿰ˡÿӲץѾллˣֻϸЩҭ
̽ЦŽ豭ŵֱߣ޷úϸ
æ֮гգ̧ͷһ룬˳̽һۣǸжҸ
̱һѾһٷͱ򣿶ˡôϾͳôã˷ˣʱ֮ǰʮװɡ
ʹһڣ˰죬̲סʣүǲǾͼҿ
̱Ц¶ײ𣿻ûšټɡ
̽η˵̱ǽֿȵٴңɴʱ̱ŪӣʵƵĸģʦΪδҪףѵټҪͨѧ𣿡
ˣų̽󵹿ˮʲôԼ᲻ᵯɡ
ֵ̽Ծ٣
̱е㱻Ҷ֮Уʮֲͷһٵģܵˣǵûᵯ𣿡
̽Ŵǣ˵ͨΪٴңȻҲʮ־ͨġ
̱ƾС湻ģһ׵ףӱ̫鷳ñһٵľУɺⱿѾͷѧ˿һ꣬˳һӡ
죺Լᣬ̶̲ңֻ֪ҳ׳ףôѧÿ졣
̽ԥſڣֻٵĻҿԣ
ûȥס̱̽סˡ
̱üʳ̽٣
̽ͷѧֻٵĻӦû⡣
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Ťӻ˵ʲô̱һ۵˻ȥ
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á̽ӦţҲȥ˭ʲô
̱Щ㬣ԼտӦˡ׹ӾǶûģȻ˾ȥҪҲСȥҲҪһ
קһ׹Ӷ˻ΣǸŮͯõ׹
̽Ц˵á
-------------------------------------
һڰĴͻͣ񷶥Զ޵Ҳ޷磬һƬţ·˺ڰʲôûС
ͻȻ©һ˿ת˲ţԭǵűϹˡһϸĽŲͻȻӹüͣϾһ̣߸ߵؾٹͷ
һ·ߵԭڴľͷһɴ磬ӰӰ´£
Ҳ̧ͷɴǰ̸߸ߵؾ
һִֻɴ˳ְֻ׵ĺڰģָֻ̣һ
һö׹ӣźͨɺɫһϺðŹΡ
ֻֽ׹ൽ棬Ƭ̺󴫳ἫһЦ
Ц伫ѹƣȴ̲ס΢΢ϣһ鿴ʮֳ¾ͨĲƣҲ˵Ĳ΢΢

 18 

극Ҫʰʱ֪ﱧһ·ӵϣһ̽ϱȣ촩ĶЩľ·ܹ鲻̫ү·ļɣô·ʡµˡ
̧̽Ÿ첲ȻͷԼϵװ䧡
˼ƵĴϱţҡҡͷӵһԣû˵ҲүİһֱүСˣвء
̽ૣ
˼ɫģʲô
̽ǽ۵ɫֱüҲû˵ʲôŴ￴ȥһ㶼
ԵһۣʲôµģҲ
̽һ㶣Ҳ֪Լ⻰Ǵ˵ġ
ʾ¸첲ɣǶеףҲǷ˵㡣˵ĻŵҲ˵˵ޣôǻġ
̽˵Լ̱ƣǱǸ˵ҪɱԼ̱ŵˣһת־ûʲô͵ıҪǽͷתˣŻˣ
£żϵ·˼ɫĳɴˣûүסһ˰ŻѲɻ޸ү
̽ѵȻ뵽һ㣺δֺ
ɴ۾˵޸үˣǻ۷ˡ˵ˣүǸˣԼģĿܶǷ˼
̽˵ͷţǸĸҲʱָ̱Ƶı˵ϲޡһĻö˵׹ӣɺʲô˲ѹס׹ӣôţһʳˣʲô
ָͷ룺Լ˵ǳ밶밶ʱˣôһ㣬ʮеİɡ
ų̽˫ĿԲ˵ı飬һԴǸٲˡû˸˵˵˵Ҫܶġ
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·˷ټ̱Ƶʱ򣬿ǰ˷񣬷ϪбԺſڣһ֦ɫеصˣһӣȴ̲סǰλǸ˼ңֲ̽ΡΡǰ徲ĸо
̱Ƽĥĥ䣬̲סڴߴ٣ˣ
ǡǡ̽Щ㡣
̱ü߰ĥĥʲôءҪ˵ֱµĶãЩʱ䡣
·ӷţԵ̱һۣ˵Ҫӵģʲôʱ֣
̱֦ǰһקס˳̽ӣžߣ𣬻𡣡
׷ǱûǮӣûǮ·
ֿ̱һѳ̽Ҳ˴ţһ˦ϣҲһź
ڡϣ֦Ҷһɨʯ·ˬˬ̱ʮ⣬ãƫͷ˳̽һۣϵ´һÿ
̽˵һ㶣¿Լͨϡ
·̫çˣ㴩Ųÿ
ǡ̽Ӧţ֪ûʲô
̱ƿı飬ּһ䣺Ҫҵľ·ģвԸ⣬ֱӸ˵š
̽æڳƲңţԸ⣿ﲻԸˣѵҵıʲô
뵽Ͻ̧ͷҪͣȴ̱һƬҶųų̽˻ΣЦ䣬Եø˼ˣѾͷ˺þˣߣϽȥ
-------------------------------------
̽ƾ˺þã˵Լ̱ƾµ˼ίûɲô˵̱ƶ֣һҪһµġ
̽ˣԼ䡣Ǹɴ˵ֿʵʵߡ
̱ƴһͷʮֻĳӡ
ţŵζ繣ǹĳˮ㡣
ƹſͭ춯˹̱һе˲ᣬһ·СܹһкҾδˣǽյÿˡ
תͷŵĻƷԸȥݴϲĺһΪ̱߾ⷬµģ
̱ƶԴ˶ǵģңָָĳ̽ǰǿɫӣǸ
ƹźۼɨ˳̽һۣӿ޵Ҳ޵ģԭΪǿֻɳˣ˴ûϵģռλСүӵ˲š
̽ԲЩ̱һۣ̱ȴѾ˻ƵݹĲ룬ϣͷˡ
֪̽ƹĻʲô˼Ϸľʢһ£ĺɫȴֱȺɫ˰ɫ֯ǽҪȼĻ档ڹ߲ʢȴƹľ̵ֵĶ£תԼԼ֮ɫ
ԭν̱һᴩŵ·ӡʱ̱ƴŵĵɫӣתͬĹ⡣̲̽סִ⡣
ƹļ̽ı飬ʮؿ˵ǴҼĴģ˵Ǳߴϣҵ·ӽСģֻɫ̫أҲϲһֱŵڡ
̽ظǰϣ֮ǰûϡ
ƹЦԣʮĳƹ̴ҵĸҲûӡһʼ۲ʴЩƳ·һ۸ߵˣӺů⣬ϸ䣬أԭǲʺƳģֻðˡ
̽ͷ̱ͻȻڣſ԰ˣϽǸʱ䡣
-------------------------------------
˳̽ϵΪ̽·ȥˡûпڣʮĳƹռȿֺá̱̽źȲ裬̱żָŵڰڷŵϣΪ̽䣬оûйã˵·Ѿˣг̽ȥԡ
̽·ЩŤûгȥ
̱ʣôˣʣŵգܰɡ
ֻ̽ת˳ȥͷԼϣЩŤûͦʵģǣûɫЩЩˡ
̱Ʊ۴˳̽һţʣµûУһθҡ
źˣҺõĳݸ̱ơ
̱ƽˣֵݸ̽ϡ翴ͷ˳ˡôһͷ۾
̽ӹԥһ£ס˳һͷͷȫ£һѣ
̧ͷ̱ƣû˶ǰ鷢ڵֱֱ̱ؿ̽۾ЦˣáôÿóȥˡΪβüɫ
̽                        
лҪ˵˵õ12һһ˯ıϿ࣡

 19 

ȥ̽Ϊʲô̱ƻǮôꡣ
ôһ·ûϵǮֱ̱ӵݳȥƬҶӣûҡ
̽Ҳڽﳤģɻû̱ÿŰȴȥ·ģһʱЩ̾ΪֹҲΪӿʼЩǡ
̱ƵǺܸ˵ӣ֣Ÿǰ档
̽һžԾ
ϵˣ񲻶ԡ·ļˣĿ޵Ƕˡ
̽ϵĺëһ̤ǰһ׺̱
̱ƸܵϵͷԼüͷһ壺𣿡
̽ûд𻰣üͷؿÿһˡ
̱¿һۣȻ̽Լ˳ߣȣүߣģϰϰߡ
̱̽ƿȸչβһɫЩɣܿһۣպȷʵԼĲһ
˴ſŵɱҲ·Ůӣ۲̱Լ֮תʱ򣬻»ɬߣζĻ
̽⧲һԼµССڵغˣ۾̱ϵСãɿˡ
ִ̽˳ͷ
̱ƻۼңͱͱ˼ôߵģѧŵ㣬˵Ժõϡ
̽ǲ֪ôźãҲû죬ֻƲǰˡ
̱ƴЦ׷ȥûûѧͦ죬
׻˲ӣ̱ߵߡϾҪ̱ƴ·̽š
̱ҲûٶǷһΣ̲ļ䡣̱ڳ˵Լʱ䣬ºֲˣרֵĵط꣬ÿ̯ӶʣϳƬҶһҲûֻʣ򣬶̯СſЦźƤңͱ̯ˡ
̽ټ׵ӣ࿴ۣվҪĸɫ
Сɳʱü۷ʱ۷Ӱˣĸסˣûǰš
̱רŮ̯֣˺ü̯ӣƭ˰͵ˡӵȵȸСһ̽һӣ֣þˣ߰ɡ
̽һѶͷǡ
˱˷Уһӣ˶ߵҲԽԽ١֪䣬սһӣ񷿵Ͱǰˡ
̽ʵˣ
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̽ͷ˿ﱧһѶϲˣӲ˼ɫܻ˸Ȥ
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̽˹ȥĶŵǼſڣرǸ˳˳棬òմ̫ҡ
̱ƿľٶҲûڴߴ٣ӢҡУûӬ
ܻ̽ߣҪǶıô죬ͲҪϹˣȴ˵ֻʣû𣿡
̱ҡͷûСʶܺãȫע֮£ֲᷢˡ
̽Щɣǲ˵
̱û˵ܶԡһ죬ұൣһķաҵϣھɱ㡣ˮڣܱÿһĨڵصǿ
̽ɫصص˵ͷ
Ҳ޷ˡ̱һȰογҲרΪûûһܲȻû˸ţð°Ҳġ
̽ʵҪȥλտҲ𣿡
̱Ƶͷûң㲻ֵˡ
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ǰտ֮󣬳̱̽Ƶ˼ΪȻ
̱ƴ߹հ˹գ񷿣ߵһССǰʱ򣬳̽оѾĲ²⡣
ǰͷĺУ̽ǾǰһĻ˵Ļĵ
ǵǰĺݰף۽һ㱡죬һһʱ
̱ƿų̽ӣаˬ˵˲Ҷã˭˭ɵ
ֻ̽ĿİͰ͵ʣǺҲ˷̵ģ
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̱ƴһ£㲻ʱû׼С
տȻ˫ֺʮӷʩСɮн̣ж뺣ڴ¿վֺţԭС
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ֶտ˵ǳ̽㣬һΪ˸׹ӣǡҵĶˣٸҸ
տʮɿˣ˼ڣּѵغ̽ۿ΢΢ţǼѹţӷʩûĵ𣿡
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̽ϽͷͣǣȷʵΪ˾Ҷġ
տؿ̱һۣתͷԳ̽˵ӷ𣬳ʩͶݣֵݸһ¡
̱̽һۣ̱Ƶͷʾ⣬ֵ̽˳ȥ
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̱ƱŰӿų̽˵ЩʲôȴʲôҲû˵
ԼĪһḺ́̽ţҲû˵տ˫ֺʮ˳ߵ̽ǰչ׹ӣɫȴƱȸոոӲ԰ˡ
̽һһտûлأˡ̽Сĵؽһö׹һϺõİϣŵģȻǵһһ״棬洦һѪ׹׹Բϸ£·칤ɲǻ͸һа
̽ʮ⣬ϵлտȴת̱Զֱӽʣµö׹Ӹ
̱ƴʧɫæ˹ȥڰн׹ӣŵɫҰףвɣ
տ˫ֺʮӷʩȲϧҲöϸպðɣһˡûˡ
̱׹ϸ飬ûпĻԼһһģһҲҶտԼ죺ٲˣ˨ӹҲϣÿڻ˯˰ɡ
տͷһ˿Ѫһǿտų̽ʮ˫̧ˣĽѪĨȥˣûг̽                        
лҪ˵Ķ~

 20 

̱һ˿ǣ̲ס룺棬Ѫָ׷ˣࡣ
ǼȻտó̱̽ҲĿûгԭر˰죬òһͷεôͨ𣿡
տһƬ̹ȫһ˿Σӷ𣬻ʩϸ¸ܰѾϵȫ
ŶŶ̱ҿûʲô˵
̽һԿţҲ˵տ˫ֺʮվţ̱󿴿ҿýϵש̽տ֮ЩֵֹģƲûк죬ԥһ£ʵǻʲôû𣿡
̱ͣ˽̧ͷûˡ
̽һЦûˣⷬҲ߶˴ʦãʹʦķȸǣôʦúϢתɵŰлΣ
̱⣺ԶԶԣܵտҲˣɣǾͻȥˣл㡣˵նų̽ʹ˸ɫŴߡ
̱̽ƵɫҾտݱ𣬵ͷտżתԼع
ɻûų̧̽ͷտȻͷʮʮ㣺ӷʩδʩר˵Ĳɣ
̽㵼䣬Ҿƶջˣ
տȻӷ𣬳ʩ˶Ǯܣʲô
̽ͷһֻŵ̱ƣһ顣
̽̾һԭΪ̱ǲýʣտ磬ſڰ׽Χȴû뵽տҲ⣬̱Ť˰죬ԭŲ븶Ǯ
ֻ̽ͷ̱һۣȫޱʾ̽״ֻ̾˿Ѿϵ׹ӽ˫տǰʦǴ˷ţ˴Ǯ׹ӾȷڴʦɣǮٽ׹ֻȥ
տÿɷ񣬻ü˵̱˹ץ̽ŵ׹ӣֱԼɳ̽һۣҲ̫ʵЩعȥֶտЦտҲ֪ûˣŴءλȥѾϢųȥˣʼӻʱʵģķƸвУ
տ̱˸⣺ӷʩˡֻǷĿտգЩۣͲضˣֱӽӶȸƶɮɡ
-------------------------------------
ССһصǼС·ǰ·ѾˣǰŵһѶҲˡ̱̽ǰ棬ָ
̱Ƴһۣ˵ͷû˵ʲôӻͳǸ׹ӣӵ˳̽
̽ס׹ӣ淴棬ϸϸһ飬ıԵЩָȥеһ⡣ָĦĻƣ̽ڵտʦ𣿡
̱Ƶɵţģһ˲ٺأ׹óȥ񹤣ֵֻ٣տ϶ҪñмۻǸĺУҲ֪ȱĶ޵ȥˡ
̽ŷӦǣ򡣡
Ŷ̱һԴǡ
ͣ²ӣס̽ʣô֪
̽׹ӣ⿴⴩ͨ͸һҡҷĹߣΪֹˣһ飬ĵ񹤣ǳһң׹ӿ϶ʲô֮ɣܲ˶ˣصչտʦġ
ַ׹ϵ䣬شᣬϵ̧ͷ̱Цտʦʮֲʱһұ뵽᲻Уáˣ
̱Ʊһ˿Σտһ٣ڵԵԼСһ㣺ôģҪǮʱ㡣
̽Ҳͷʦعͷָ֮׷ﶼѪѲע⵽ɡ
˶ĬƬ̡
̱ȿڣȷʵΪ
̽صʱǺܸȤӣѵ˵
̱ƴ˳ֱ̽ҡͷȫһֶӵϣտġ˵ҲٻտǣƽôͷҶͷˡ˵ٻġô粻ܿŲߵģ֪ӷϵˣܱܵñ졣
̽Щʧʲô
̱Լ׹ӣ̯̽տǿԽһ˿ȡɺԵĲʱγһڣΣտȫᱻտ֪
̽һ㶣򣬺ġ
̱һ۾Ϳ˼̫ˣ
̽ȻûûУֻԭ˵޵򣬶ս񡭡
̱ƽ׹ɿ֣Ͼϸ룬սбµ򣿡
̽ԣ۾صɴˡսвտȫ֪ȫ֪Ǳ
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̱ҡͷһ壬ϡ٣ҼˣҲ
̽ԣԼ׹ӣ˵ͷˣտʦ򣬵ЩСˣֻ֮ͬðɡ
Сã̱ƻưܵͷЦһŹǰľ
̱̽Ƶı飬һ¶ŵɫǰǸżսʤδһܵҲбޱȣ֮ԽоΪ䶼˨һ˵ͷǣʤʱȾƵľֻǲ֪ΪͻȻһʧӰ٣ҳҲʧ֮󣬲ڷ׳ģѵ˵
̱ƻ̽ͳ죬żɫǸһ                        
лҪ˵졣һֱڷġĵʱȻ֪ݲܺÿ¶ҪдɻǺѲӰ쵽ᷴؾǲдòã̫࣬Ľ̫֮Ļһʱû̫ȵȡΪһղص䣬ؿظġ
ȥ֪ôˣȻ
ʵ̱Ƹ̽ˣҵԺˡµĳεҲԺﷴꡣʵʱֻţϵĳطг֮ˣ֪̱֣֪̽ʲôˣôĹ£ֻҪ뵽;غܸˡ
Ѿˣôࡣ
ԾٶˡǰԼĲӣһ½
лλСʹ飬ллǡ
ͻȻе飬˺ܶࡣԺûȶոģ

 21 

̽ľľģ̱ƵĿǸưܵССǸɫĺУ׷Ҫ׹ӵǮʱҲڵķţ˺봫Ǹɱ޹Ĺܽϵһ
̽Ĭһ£̱˵տͣҲиһʮˡ
ʵտʦô۵ģ
̱°һ֪Լľֻ֪꣬Լճ겻þͱ͵˾УԼĪиʮɡ
̽ĬĬ˼Ҵ˿һ꣬ô˼˼϶ģ
ǲ˵ģֻһԼĵ£͵еģѵտʦĳսͼ𣿡
̱Ʋÿɷ촽ŲӽߣɫȴЩÿˡ̽Щ㷣з˼ԼոǾ仰ʵòˡ
ͷţһͷײ̱Ƶıϡ̽ɲס£ֻͷ̱Ƶش
ǽġ
տʦѵҲǻ֣̽Ƶ̱ǰЩ
ǡ̱ƴۿӼ͸ûСһסһССÿոͷȴû˸˵Сֻб˴ÿСӳͣͻһ쿪ʼջԣϱ̧ߣ̧ߺҲˡտһֱ£֪Լʱᷢʲô¡
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տһͷˮ֮䣬ǰĻɿţտɱʱ˷ܵӡһδʤ̱佱ʱ˵ӡһμ˰ԺµӡһμŮʱĶӡտˣþڻþУʱľԶؿһԼоʱ̣ӪԼŮҲþ֮У뵽տˣԼŮ˵ڻþ֮⣬ղʱһ̿䣬ɱǼֱ練ơտһߴţɻþһֻǰĻ棬һĻĻš
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氲һȺΧһȦȦмϵʲô˵Цţտĵţ֮䣬һ̧ͷЦ˵ʲôԼŮ˵ʱҪһЩһɫװ᲻ͬԵʮտ΢ЦؿŻеûüһĻԼʲôϵγһذףһѵĲҽƿմտȻһͣͷѣס˶䡣Ѫ۾棬Ů˵һССӤĽվЦΧĺ˵ʲôȦ΢΢ɢˣܿһŮˣβһȦڸǸһеľ޴˿ڣطţŮˣŮ޻û۾ֱֱؿգӤķ򿴹ȥһֱֱػ
̰ĳĬƬ̣̱ƴˣ½ôٴתϣԺȥ˵ıвУһʮԺ
̽һ££
̱ɫҲֻģҲɡ
̽Ĭһȷʵһµˣͺˡֻǻ̲סһ䣺أ
ʲô̱קų̽˲ӣ֧ƾʧˣĽҲ֪٣տʮǰշתҵңҽ£˵ȻһѾûǣңֻ֪ǸйŮޣǲǵԼӵС֮ôģôҵΪʲôҵġ
̱̽קţ˶ߵò죬̱ƻ˵ţƽͣȴ絶ʯ
ҵЩĴ𰸣ҵǼңҲԶˡ

 22 

̧̽ͷ̱ơ̱ʮָߣԼţͷֻ£ȥֻһߣرţԵˣʮʮı䡣
ǲ֪Ϊʲô̽¶̱ƣȻ첻˵̱ƣԼϤġûȥָоԴֻ̱߿һ㡣
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̱ƶ˳̽һͻȻָͷһ£ʹܴ󣺡ϻ߯ࡣ˵ֱˣҲȳ̽
̽Ŷͷվһ̱Ʊ˦ӣߵúӰһƬСʹͷ΢΢Цһ˲̧ͷ׷ȥ̱ߡ
-------------------------------------
ӽƳֻصϡ̱ӣϵı飬ߵúܿ졣м̯￴кȴû뵽̱ޱ飬Ŀбӣֱֱ˹ȥջ֣ɵЩ㶣߻ǸµС꣬治ǰˣ벻ǰԼ̯λԼĹͷˣͬһ
ղǻӹ򣬱ɥȥˣԼװ˸ˤ־޷޵롣Щε˾ǲףˣôţԼҵĲ˺Ҳûôˡ
ţһ˫СͻȻ̯СģһﶨһⲻԼǯס˫С֣кСƤģ͵ͷˡ
̷ܵгܵ˷˹
˫СֵǸĺӣϴһƾɵļа϶Щ࣬еץ֣۾ˣҲ˵͵͵񡭡ġ
ֽǸſۣģģ
СʮţңҼſڡôһѶҸſ˵ңҽպãſڵʧ˵˵ţȴ۵һҲ뻹ʧҼ񵽾ҵˣûã룬뻻ǮǮҩԡ
ǵϳˣԼ͸ǿӵǸ֪Ѷ£ˣȺɨһۣǿӾͣ˽ŲԶԶվţߣǸСүҲһš
գ˵Լ͸ӣֽ˶˵ģǺһָͷȥȥȥҿҰģצӶˣһȥҴҶ
û뵽ûлǮ鷳æŵǸԲ̣ڼſڼ񵽵ģҲˣҪǮˣ㡣ŲأҪ֪ûʧŶǮҪˡȥϴϴòã
ǵﵹΪһСӣֻ˳ȥһ߰ɣϴ˻ãˣҵùһȥɡ
ǺûӵһߵǸһߵлĨᣬˡ
ｫˤڰϣֺݺݵس̱Ƶķһۡ
̱̽ߣһʱʵô
̱ƱûֻǱֿţԵЩֵؿ˳̽һۣʲôô
̽һ㶣ǺӣǺӦǷŵǻ˼ҵġ
̱ƴأ
֪̽˵ʲôˣŮҲ˵ѣһۣ֪Ǻ͵ġ
ǵΪעĿΪԼǵｫңͼƤã˵˵øˣΪԼ㽫ڱ˼ſڣӱ鷳ҲӣˣҲΪԼǶΪԼûΪǺš
̽뷴ɿȴ֪ܲЩʲôɡ
̱Ƶ˵ӣӣǰˣһûңұ£ңˣ㻹Ķ£ǲҲ𣿡
ϵ˼ֻǸСë˼䣬Ҳûû£ɢˡ˼ֿʼЦкĿˡֻ̱ͷһۣͻȻûͷûβضԳ̽˵һʢһ̫̫һСӣ̫̫СӡԴ󲿷ǲںġ֮ǰһֱڵӦñ
̽ſڣɶ̱ƣȴ˵ʲôͷʲôû˵
һ·ԣߵʱͷѽˡ
Ŵţ̱Ƴ̽һ̧°ͣ̽⣬ǰš
ϲԼڼңţһż̽һѣһºˡ
̽ԾһɵûɣٶȣǲҲԼûм̳е˵츳֮һ
˨ĥ̽ګګ֪˵Щʲôֻýźǽȥˡ̱ȴͻȻ󼷵ǰȥҪˤţ̱һֻŷҲƵؼŷУҲʹֻ
̱յŷϣЦϢɣү𣬽ӿͣһ
һ̣ŶЦøСһʵʵ̱ƸһдŹɣүˣѧ˵㣬˸ү
̱һ˦ۣҡڵСѾӭţ̽ɵظں棬·ʱһ߹ţһĳؿ佱ɫãүϻشȥԣҾѹס㴩źÿԵöྫ񡣡
̽Լ뵽ӿ͡˼̱ҪˡҲ֪̱ٴʦ˵׷ֻûע棬˶̱ĳ̶Ȼûʲô˽⡣
ֻǿŴһתͷ޼֦Ū԰ϴңԺɨͥԺһ޴ɽˮ룬ǰһټܣûз١Ϲ˺öɫᣣһʱ䣬мӣֻ˼ģ˼һʿ˵ķˡ
һ죬ֲ֪ߴľ׮ų̽ó̽ᵽſȥľ׮ϸ̽ͷĺϵſڣȴ֪ʲôõģ˼䡣
ֻ𣺡õģԷһ
ͬʱݳڡվٽСԶǣͬһ¡
е̴ңʱ꣬ڷųҪ𡪡ˣ

 23 

ľ׮ѹã֮󣬳̽ᵽˣδǶôľ
ѵɢŵġŷŵģдԺӽɢԺİ׼õľ۵ֱ̽һѾװӣŲȥ
ãߵ棬̱ɫƵۣ֯ɵŤˣͷɢһأҲܣֻ̧֣С谸谸ϷһСѣƤȥѣ̵һſŰɽɰ׵̱ˣһﺬţСӺһչĵҼա
̽ҲۣѿڳݲطԸϸţͷ
̽Ӳÿ£ֻýϾ˾٣̱Ƶķ˿ߵǰ棬ӷ˵ϡ
Ի߸ͬӣһǷģʣµļ䶼֮ڰڹġɫ磬Ŀǰƻٰ䡣
̽⼸ӷ㶣̱ƽԼ
̽ͷ̱ţָ߸ߵؾӡ
̽¿˿ӹҼק˸µ̤ǰ̱Ƶ
̱Ʋ˲ϵĹ֭ųһŶһߣŶȺСȫ۶ûһ¡
̽̾˿߹ȥϵӼ߬߻ص谸ǰ̱ǱŲŲ컹𣿡
̱챻źܺã̽Ҳգƫͷһӣڣٵ죬ҲҪԶһ
ſڴ󺰴Ҫ̱ƿŵļͣ̽ʹһҪǽСˡ̱Ƶã̧Ĵİ
磬̱Ʒ˿ӣò˰ǣɫ֣ɡ
յƣһɨһҲƵĳʰɾֽŴûô
վ棬໥һۣ̽Աһӣ̱һͷ˽ӷ׳죬ѩƬһƺƴڵ϶ССһѡ
̽ͷһ£Իʮӣصš
үͨиϵģӲӣ
ӣɲЩٵĴ򽻵Ǯû٣ƨһѡ
أ˾ݡ
磿ô֡
̽ĬĬ𻰣Ǿǵ磬С
ͬУ!
ү⻹һţֽأڲϵġ
̱ƱŰһڲˣǱǸҤ÷ƿûУСӵģˡֽأռӶѣҵˣǮ
һһּģ̽ۼ⣬٣ιӸӡ
̱ưӴųһӵԶٵġͬеġûǮġҲμʲô̸ٻġдʫٵģͨͨ˵ֱ֪һߣϱջɡ
һʴǷ곤ߣԭʲô
ݣ㣡˵һͷ˰
̽ûôַţЩĲɣôִһŮӹͦģһ𣿡
̱һյֽĿţԵǲУǵϸǮĹСҲء
Ŷ̽һûʲô¡
ۣŰϵӬͷСһǰƮšʹգգۣһ춼Ѿˡ
̽ʵʵŷӣ̱ɵһ˯ˡŽվߵ鰸ϵյ͵ơ̱ˣۣˣ
̽ŵļŷһ𣺡߿ˣ
£͵߹Ʒ˲谸ϣǼݸ̱ƣ߾Ÿһʮ
̱ƽӹۣ˯ǻôٰ
ֲ̽Ҫϸϸġ
̱ǿ¾Ҳãھڶܴ࣬һ׾С
£ǰһ˯һ飬ȫˡ̱ƿӣüһ
ǰӣҲˡôĺҳţҳϿοյĽƣֽֽγϸ緢˿Ľߣֽſͦ͸īһӣ˵Ҳһ
ֽдݵƽƽ棬޷ǴͬСḺ̌붯Ļ۹ơ̱Ž¿飬ʴ޲¥ļٵģ
һ˷ܣҸղҧˣҪ޲¥˭һôֱʣ
̱ԣָӣض˵ϣҿһȦԼĳ̽ק˹˲֡
̽
˲СŹ⣺үھͳŰѻȥʯߣʮº񣬺úòҿһأҪˡ

 24 

̱ƿ۾ӣеЦ룬ѵǴѪô˵Ϊʲôˣ
ѵϵĽڻ˴ң޲¥ү䱦޲֪֪ͨı¥Ļտ֪⼸˶ȥϴ¶ǸװӵӣװȥҲ֪ΪʲôձģݣɾǿүүȥЩˣҲʡ
̱ƵԵغָϽҲ׼ǼϰûʲôƷζ֪ٲϺõղƷͰ͵ˣүݺҪһʣ
̱ͷҵûҵͷֻ
¶һԥĻͷǱȼˣֻʲôֻǮ׬˵үǵģŻ쵽ڻôٶ˾ôһլӣ˵ˣտǸϺжñǿˣҪǡ
̱Ʋϵۿɼرֻٲ»˼ҼͿԿˡ
һүʰʰϳţүŰɡ
Ȼ̱ò谸ϵӶ֮ǰļһ£ڻҲƵܳš
̱ƿŴֻʵıӰ˳ǣӷ£˸Ƿ˳̽һۣô£²ߡ
̽ŵһųһŵķӷ㶣ԻعûС
̱ǶѷϿһۣôʶˣ
̽ҡͷûУûʶġֻǡ
㻰˵ġ̱ϴĲͷ
ֻ뵽ôˣһ棬˵˵еĿѾ˺üˣȴȲ
̱Ʒˣʱڿ˵ҪѧɱˣһǶôĺأûô֮ǰǸ˺ɰĺҲǣҲǣûΪЩʶ˲ôİɣ
̽߬ס½ǣʮ־ȵӣǶ˵Щĸ׽˵ġ
㲻Ҳʵʵɱֿ̱Цƻ֮£۽ǵ΢΢š
̧̽ۿһۣһͣû˵ʲôĬĬ½ɿˡ
̱Сϣ֣̽̽ԥһ£ֱ̱ƿ˹ȥ
̱ס˳̽ĺ󾱣Щ̽ͷԼ̽⧲۳סߣûһͷԵ̱ϡ
ƹ谵ýˣܿ˴˵ı顣̱̽ţҲ˽СӼԸлֱ˵ƣ´ҵʱ䣬ұҲỨʱˡ
̱̽Ƶĺ岻ͬԼͬĺҲǱģģһ
ֻţ˿ΣһѪǣӣرһ뻹ЩУЩЩӲȥϲߡӬһ㷳ˣȴòӦЩأָ̽ŵһѷЩ³ȵġ
̱Ȼû뵽ľ⣬ʶʵأԼУʲôЩ
̽һ㶣һֻƬ̣ͷУҴһֱˡĸ׸ҳ̽ޡԣֺγ롭
̱ƴۿȥ̽ǰӣ˵ϡ
̱Ʋɲ̾˿ħϡ
̽ء̧ͷ̱ƵŴУһ˿©ز׽ˡ

 25 

ǵһΣ̱̽ϣܵһ˿һ
ദʱûж೤ɳ̽Ѿˡֽ̱ȻͬòԴʱ̱飬СܱԼСѾ׵̧ͷͬʱҲأ˫ȫڼУĹǵļơ
ɶʱȴĬȻ룬Զ֮ĳЩʱտʱšӶ
ʱ˿̣ҡҷ֮£̱Ƶ¶ɹЦſɱɫ̽һ˲˲ɫһ˿©ؿӡС
ЦҲãҲգһϣΨһһɫ˰ɡ̽ͷصȥš
̱ƿſԼԵĳ̽ûʲô飬ֻһ̸񡣡

ղ˵Ҷ˿Σһ£Ҷ˵ĸ飬ʵ̸񡣡
̧̽ͷ̱ơ
̱ƻ۵ס
һɫӣҷҷֻʢĻ⣬ƺҲû۾ҡ
һ˫۾ӣѰ˻Щʡֻ̱Ǿ棬鷳
Ŀڳ̽ѲţͻȻʵڳżβ㣬ɣ
̽һ˲˼ĻϷһϨɫ˲ȥ
ϲżȻ·ͣ࿴𣿡̱ͣЦЦʲôоҶ˾ʲôо
ֻĮȻ
ֻĮȻ

ԡƬ̣̱ͻȻ˵ҶЩ˵жٵѪҲָо
ֻĮȻ̽ˣ۾
ֻĮȻ̱Цָ˳̽һ¡
̽ͷЦˡ
̱ƽֻҪԼԸԼˣֻĿһѪҾͰ㿴ҵˡҪٰµǣҲԽó
̽ͷ۾£Ĺжһ¡ǣЦ˵
ʱһʳУһ̳ϺõŮ졣Ƹƿ̱ζʹƮˣſھ̳ӱš
ʳһһˣܵüˣСͨ죺̣үͣСӣ
̱ѾȲˣץ˸СȸԼ˱ƣССһڣһͷ񫣺㲻˵ʯ߻Լģ
æŶڲ˷ܣæͦһָų̽ȥһһ߸̱˷ܵؽүǲ֪ȥվžǵĻ˳ȥŶ˾ǵĻ˵֮ھ͵ǹҪôҲҪ졣үʱãǵĹǮġ˴Ž
̽ȻԼĳƺʮֲ⣬Ҳ磬ȥˡ
ôһܣ˾ǵľʣݵˡ޲¥ǿģԿȱȰѱתˣȥ޲¥
̱ƿЦŵ˵ϸˮûʲôرģ
òæϵģʳзڵϣͨˣûмû뵽һСѾ䡣˵үûСˣһźġ̽㲻С˰Ժô˵
̱һ񣺡СǸӰСҲ粻ԺͶ˵Ѽҵүɣ˵
һʣֻŽԼģ޲¥ôͷһȥҵ죬үҿϷﳪĻʹҲ˰ɡԵɵɣǰͷǻأͱ쵽˺ͷ˰죬һ׷ͷЦǺǵسҸϽ˭֪ţ˵ֻǸūͣҵһ£ٵȵµġ
̽ʱˣϰǵӴ׽ӹһзϣүѽҴûôɵͷ˭ֻ֪ǸˡֵһһװִүҸϽ񣬽ֲܣ˵˼ҲڣԼֻǸµģسҵӡ
ҸϽѻЦŸ˼䣬˵ʲôҲزã͸Ҫߣ˵ͷհү¾ƣ˭֪ͷԸˣȥ¥һϯ͹һ̳ʮµŮ죬κسš
һ˵һ߽ϺζһĲ̱ǰڣ֮үԣɡүǲǵһ¥һϯ棬ûʮҲ²Ҳûǰ¶˵ȥȥȥ˾ûôϸţүҿϷξҪݵġ
̱ƿűŲߵľӨ͸֭𷽣ҳʻе㲻˼˵һҵǾ޲¥ôЩ찡ʿͻ˵ϯôһ£ݴһˣ
Բ磺ʲôĲŲŵģҾͦãеģϯ滹ܳԽͻͶ﷢ùˣ˵ʲôأ;Ǻ£ͽᣬ߼ۣϷ
̽ôۣ̱һۣ֭𷽵̱Ǳơ
̱䣺úúã𳳣Ҿ˳һ˵֪ˣ޲¥ǰɣصվˣϹأֻ˵Ӵ򽻵ǸװֵĹ£ҿɻǲǵġ
֪֪ÿҶ˵ˡ˸ˣ̲סſ룬Ҳ֪Ǽҵӵʲôɡ
̱Ƴû˿֭𷽷ŵ𣬴㣬̲סۡ
̽һۣͷǷ
̱ƴӵڶ𣬱㿪ʼԴ
˽ߺ֯տ䣬ƮƮ棬һ֮ˡ
ų㣬ߵζѬţ̱һһڲ谸棬̲סһĹǷ
Щ˸һһصİҲ׼ʱţԼһװɣ
̽ǰټܱϣ˫ְסϥޱ顣
ѵ˸׹٣һ赭һԣǰ׵ü͸ƤɫҲм
˿̱ƣֿ˿ֵͯĳ̽̾˿˽ȥŰɡ
̽վȥߵ˴ԱߡǸ飬ֵˡ
̱һǷû꣬׺۽ǣ˴һģʲôʱ
ûȴػſڱ㴫ˡ߶ߡߵ̱ӣһۡſڳ̽˵ͷ̽⣬˴š
ſһĳľ˷ǿɣ۾ֱǰҿϸƣվһȼ׵Ѿߣòׯ쿪˵ʲôƬ̣һֻѾϡ
رãһ۾Ϳֻ֣ĵ,ˡֹ
˫ͣסˣѾһѾ߸üͷ
ذɣˡӴ                        
лҪ˵˸ˡ
  ƽʱϲôҪҪлСʹ
  һ ̷֪ СʹҽűӪҺô£һԼӪҺһ˽ղػ˲̨ȫСʹ͵ġл񰮣Ҳ֪㻹ûڿǸҽ֪л
  һλ  Сʹ˽ϸҲÿ¶˵ʵѾΪҵĸ¶˹
  лΪҺεºܣֻŬˣ䡣

 26 

ܱ̽ģԱֱ˨Ҫš
һֻϣ̽ȥǸ׳˶һִϣضų̽̽ܵľ˵Щӵġ̽Цһ׼
Ѿ߸˰ΣʱͻȻɫһȴֽ֮УҼ˵˰Ҳ˻޲ףʱȴ˾֮⣬֪ʲô͵ĵ
̱䲻֪Ϊν˵⣬ȴùܣֻŰӵſϷһۣʹ϶ﲻæ鷳߶⸣˸ӣ˵ĳƣĪ˵ݣ
Ѿ߽°һ̧ǡ
ЦˣǶ˵ûˣ߳ߣپȴ֪˻źһޢָס
ۡ󴫳̱ûסЦ
̽⿴һۣüëøˡ
㣡Ѿǿ˵ĵãĴС㡣
ѽ죺ʧʧֻȥͻʱصˡȴ֪ΪȴǲԼүвĸص˵ֻңŮ졣СǰԺţʲôĵҥԴȥүɲãүԺôƸ˼ҵСˣˡȷʵд˱ɡ
һǹ˵Ѿ콻ӣҭŻز˻췴ͻһ
̴ҡ
Ȼüõһ˫ޢ֣ƿӣ¶˳Ҳһˮܽ档
ϵС΢΢ᣬȷҽ˸ӡݵӣðˡֻǡһֻ꣬ĽҾգǰһԳȫ
̽סˣһɼһõվסż첻ؿų̽̽ЦһҪš
ȵȣ̱ͻȻ̽һ㶣һϢ֡
̱ţͷ⿴һۡС۹ݹæ˸ˮӯӯ
УɱϹˡ˵꽫ͷ˹״һŴ걻ȥǸʲôʫᣬиŮǰ涪ǲǵãװûû񣬾ˣ
̽ýСϵı飬ԳƵϾʡʮֺĵسСЦһЦδΣźǰ
ֻ߶ѽ˵ˣ绹ˣ
̱ƺ˿ڲ裬Բ󡣼ҲǴŶһɡ
̽죬ּһ˨
һ磬˵Ҫ棬ûŻŵģһͬ̽ĳ˵©죬дšⲻšɨ˳ȥ
һף߰˶ѴǰεһȺⱦ긾ˣѬŸԵ㣬̽һǽǵĽͷ汦ʯָֽۣ߰µһûһ·硣ͷķ˵Ż̽ҪֱӳϺҪطǲǽҵ壬ʲôĹǲʲôү費˼룬߶˺Щ죬ǹ֣ڼ֧ҪԼýֻǮѾ͹ˡ
ʣµķҲŰǻ׷Ԯʮֺƴ
̽ɵۣʵڶԸǣֻסţӶˣߣ֪˭ѡ
վҲ޼£СǰݣŵȺŸϣ춼岻ȥͨ졣
̱ƱƵʵû취߳תȦʾԼǰ϶ˣ֮񱣬УҲԿǸʮͰ͵ͷӡ
Ƿۿ˰죬⸮ֻһӣûɵĺӣڵһӦװΣкһԼүĹְٺԼүʲϣһ߶ţһڽﳤȥ
̽Ͱ͵ӣźܾöϻǸǲĵĳ˶µġ
ڲϣַԼüĵ̱ƣ˺ü죬㬵ЦҲ֪үˣǡǺǡ
̱͵̧ͷֱǲŵؿһۣ˵ʲô̾˿ʲôû˵üģü֮䶼ˡ
СȰźţһ˵ˣүģĴβǽˣЩֵĶϵһˡүģĿ϶ʵġˣ޲¥޲¥ûأһǵûǧģܲǲġ
̱û溰̽ɡ
̽ԣ˨߻
Ҫ̱һָ죺ڣ㿴ɫҲҪڱ԰ɡ
ϽͷСЦúãүңʱˡȥ׼Ʋˡү˺ú񣬵ŽŵĿˡ
̱ưڰ֣ʾϽȥ
ӦһȥûſͻȻߵ
ͣˣͷ۰Ͱ͵ؿ̱ơ
̽ߵԺм䣬ͷ˿ţҲ˿̱ơ
̱һаܵǣѹɤӣô֪ģŷͣѵģ
ڵ̱ԣţ޲죺үѽѽС㣬˼ˣ
̱˦ܣװûҲõү극
ֺʮ棺⼸ļҲǹ˰˼Ųᣬǰֱӵˣү̰ɣټһսپ˶ãû׼һͳءұ֤һˣүһٺݵģָͷϷġ
̱˺üų̽һ̧°͡
̽͵ˣһͷȥš
һ̽һ㶡û˵̱ƵҹӴϡ͡˼Ƣ֣ûӵһŲģӦҲ˵Ҫʲô£ȵӹźŰɡ̽Ϳ͡
̽Ҫţ˽ֵϣ̽ȴûƶɵһ㶡
˱ϿͣȴҲգһֵţȴЦһˬʣ̴ϴβ˵СϢһ𡣡
̱ƴžǧƣſһٲװļη磺Ҽǵҵ˵ǣϡЩаҼſˡֻʵڲɣҸ˲һʮַæûаԼˡд㡣̽ʲôأ
̽Ҳ֣Ͳô
ηȴŲæ½һűһ˦˦ЦɣҽǴŻġ
ֶӴ˿ɫ΢̱ƣһ޲¥̴أûɡ
Ҧ̽ͷεسԺһ


 27 

̱ƲȥûС񣬶żηʽϤĻɫЩݣ޲¥
ηˣֻҪһЦʮֲ졣ϣһʣ̴Լıʼǲţıˡ
ֻ̱Цǵأ뼾˲ֲĻǲҡ
ηչüۣջػ˵ҲԵͷؼһһΣΪ޲¥ġ
ͷԵûӦ̱̽ȴͬʱҦһۡ
Ҧмܲס˵ߣη米һ
̱ƱۣˣһСҦʦĪȥֻѰҲŸһɣأ㶫޲¥أ
˵ӲˣηЦ΢΢۾
ҦӼηΡΡؾһֻͷ̽εЦǡǣұϻ𣬼û˼أҡ
һյŵҦǰ˵̱ԣ۾û뿪ҦһֱֱϣȻ̱ƵĽš
̱ȴûšΪı࣬۾ҲҦϡ
ǳ̽侲ЩҦ˽֮˨˴ţǿһֱһ֮ң׺ڼη󣬲¶ʲô顣
Ҧ𱻶ϼҪʧ䣬һڣû뵽豭̵ָ֣Ͻæҵط£ֻץסһţɵӡ
޲¥㣿ģ·߽
Ҧ¶˼ʧˡıš
㣿̱´Ҧһġɵ˰ɡ
Ҧɿ֣ұԵ֪¶֪ûҪҸ֪ҸˣǳҵĽɡ
̱ץסһվ㲻ͷиţµģ
ҦգۣҸ¥ûȢӣҾȵˡµľֵܣ˭˵˶㡣
̱ˣУۡëûأ˵㡣
η̽ͬʱ̱һۡ̽бЦ⣬ע⵽ηҲΪ仰̱ƣһݣ̤ǰһҦ
Ҧҡһ㣺𣬽СҦС
СҦʦ̽򴽣ԥӣܵηתƵԼ㿪ڵ޲¥̫˽⣬Ҳû˵ͷǽʮ˷ͷɵһ主ɵй޲¥ˡ
ȥˮŵѧͽëȲ̽ǣֱӰѻˡ
Ҧɿһۼη磬˼ͷԼϲ
̱ûдһۣҦη֮ؿ˺üۣ¶Ȼı
Ҧȫûע⵽̱Ƶ˵Ҿáررϸϸ̽
̽ûסһ޳ͦεļη磬ˡ̲סһ̱ƣſڴ˵ʲôһЦɴ۾ڼηҦ֮ɨɨȥ
ǱҦ֪޾Ҿϲ֣ȥȥܡ
ηʵ̲ȥˣһҦ𣺡ȣ֮ܶСҦʦϲоʬ塣
ûͷûԸ˼˲̶ͬȵһ㶡
Ҧ΢΢ţոնĴҲ˵ϲʬֻҪ˽˵壬Ҳֻܴʬ֡
ûﰡϲ˻
Ҧû壺
̱Ƹ첲һ˴ǰ棺Ϊʲôϲʬ壬ǲë
ѽϲʬ塣ҦŽͣûкѪôģôģ֮˵ľﳤʲôӣڸôеģ
̱ƽ˵һ㶣˵һûע
ǰǰɡҦ˵ЩҲηˣ۾Ź⣺ҴСͶЩܺ档Ըʹʹоˡ
˵ԶֱӴ˷ιӣ׼ֺݣôϲھƹʲô
ҦĿڣʦһɱ˰ʵָˡ
̽Ժ˵Ļ˵Ͼ޲¥ĸôķûзԣ
ûСҦⶼҸ磬òңҸ˵ڼèҪͦء
˵ֳ弾ηЦЦҸʶˣصذҷŵ£Ҳչһ
ηǽ߳ҦһָĿת̱ƣ˵´ǰ̴ֻ֪Ұæ񣬴Ϊܡ
̱ŷһȦȦָϣţëǮƫܣǮɵ˰ɡͻȻ㵽˳أ°һ̧˵˰û˵ϣ˰죬߰㣬װŪ˵޲¥ҾŰһǻ̫Ųţ˵ôұܣȻǸܣϸŹң˵ΪͼҰٰɣǲ±𴩰ƫȥ޲¥һˣǵûô
Ҧվˣöţɱɱ̴ҲžˣҪȥҸ֪Ұݸ˱ˣҡҡ۾Ͱ͵ȥη磺ˡ
ȣηЦţ񰲸Ҧ𣺡СҦ𼱣׼Ķأ
ޣޡҦӻͳȨƬ̣ݸ˴Ҳû֤ģȿ
̱һۣõĬ֮չеĶ
Ƭ֮һȫʾѪɫΡΡش¶˳Ұɫ촽ţʲô
̱ƿŴɫһʵô˻еذס
֣ת˹̱ƣſǻ̩ͨƱţִʮ𡣡
̱סƬ̺ʵģ
ŵͷϴʲôҲϲƱ̩ͨƱרõӡζˡ
̱ƱҦţҦ𿴲ı飬Щֿ˼ηһۡη籧վţظһЦڵ
̱ȴͻȻվʲôû˵ߵ棬ˡ
ҦҲʣţֵȡ
һͷ֪ʲôʱԣ˸һɫһģ΢ЦŽһյ׵ǰáȻһЦɫĵŮҦͷһƱױһǰ¶ȸպã̡Ҳ֪ʲôʱȥĲ裬Ϸһ
Ҧ𻹴ţֻ̱Ƶ󴩳ƽ崺磺֮һգںģں飬£硣ҲʰƬֻ𣬳е޲¥գΪ˿ɽˮ֮磬ʹұ֮ɹ֮ԡ£¡
Ҧ˰죬֪ڸ˭˵
η籧Űӷ룺˵Ը١
Ҧ׹Цˣ̫ˡ
̽ԭأηͷļ򣺡óðɣϴûǸСѾͷð

 28 

̽˦ȥޱߡ
̱̽ƽмûģһңȥһˣǲˡ
̽ӲģҸաãݲ죬ʶ·
ϻЦԶ̱Ƹһүȥ͵ģ˼Ҷʶ̽λȥɡ
Ҳá̱ŵСġ
лүġֳҦһЦ˸߳ȥˣ֪̱ƽСʲôСı𱻴
оǵңѾ·ˣҲ֪Ÿܸܲ·ϵţҪǲܡˣһ׬ôǮլ·ԺţͷҸĻ
ηţų̽СЦ̱ôô˳ۣɤӣҦ˵ҦӣЩأǰй˵Ӧ֪˵ʱǲ˵ڳġ
ηִڵϣü¡
̱Ƽ˼ǻ㽫Źϣſڻȥɡ
ҦվͰͣǼˡҪǲ
˼ҵĹء̱Ӹ˵ĵʮֺá
ηԲ˵߾ĬضšҦͷ˿ֿ˿磬Լ½ǣ˺ð죺ң֮ǰ̴֪ҵĹأȻǲȻξˡ
ȻҦİ٣ұΪһء̱Ƶţʮֵȡ
ηЦʼ磬ϵӣǰ˼Ҧˡ
̽ͷһ
ʱ˿Ӧþö߻˼һ¼ηҦ˵Ķɲ֪ΪʲôȲöҲûϻ˼ֻǾˣȻʮȤ
̱ȫȻӰ죬Ȩη粻ڣҦ𣺡Ҧʲôɣ
Ҧ𣺡
йõģɼľͩľľ

ƿƫãʢнҶңһ඼á

ǣƽʱϲʦϲĿңҲƶһʺϹӵ١

Ҧӣ̱Ƶش󴫳ٰɡ
ǣǺǣҦЦţš
̱һѪĿڣŵżߵģʮ򡣡
ҦںȣҲоûȥ¥Ҹȥͺˡ޲¥ͨ¥˵ˣҲ
̱̾ôʮмȥҪ磬Ͻ̳ˡôɵܵܣɽҲſա
ֻ˵ұ㰴ȣΪѡʵˡģϹգҾ㾡Ѫ
Ҧ֣ã̴ҵ۹⡣
޻ˡ
̱Ƴ
ⷿװΡɴ㣬磬Ϊ˵׼ġΪգ֮٣Ҫʦ̸ۣϲõԡٵ⣬ٵ˵ͳһͣɹע
̱ƽʮ˵һ׺ùڣжϼѵġ˵ʮ˸߰ٷõһ֡Щ˵ǴҲûڹʱһѮͷ˵ε̧ȥʱС
ɽСҦү˵ˡ̱Σ棬ôôԼеɵ
֪£װŪ
ҦҲ
ǰ˵̱Ҫٵ£Լһæ֮ͣҲͰˡüӡд˸ӵ˹յ˰˵ĹԼˣֻȴ˵Ҫʲô֮ȱһͨҲ˵֪Űӿ֡
ҲνʮҲνؼǺôǰһйϵٻǰΣ˼̴һһ䣬ǸԵñĿˣȻԼҲ֪˵ױʲôĿľˡ
̽η˲֪ͷһͷ֪ʲôһҦԱߴ𵶵ţ˶ȫܲеĬӡ
ηĴѲһͻȻʲôָʣá̴һػ𣿡
̱˳ָȥһɽƺͼġ
Ը˵ֻǵ˾䣺ÿŶѡ
ηվⲽȥڻ˳˼ۣ֣ҲɿĳúãԾǸй׵ġ
ָյ˵㻭ϵӡĺʿҿǱ߹ŵҲλĺʿġ̴Һϲһλ
ָ̱ϵһ£磬˭Ҳһһˣˡ
ηЦһЦǻǻ㣬һλӡͷС޲¥Ҳ˲īɣӡСҦ
ҦԣͷղƷ¶ǺƹǹܣһûĹ
η·ֻģⲽ˻£ҿ㶼ûİɡ
̽״ߵ̱Աߣ뼾η磺ǼˣƺСҦӸ˽޲¥Ⱑ޲¥ǧͷȴʲô֪
ηˬһЦЦǸ赶ŪǹĴˣɾʮĽλҡټϼԱѰ˺һЩ쿴޲¥ս黭Ȼͼˡ
Ƭ̺̱Ƶ˼ȻϲǱʹһ˴߰ɡ̽
̽ԣֱߵǷɽƺͼǰժСľ߻صηǰݸ
η翴ǻһۣȴӣֻЦų˵ôص񣬿̴ҪϿˡ
СҦӣ٣Ѿ˵ˡ£ºĽ죬ȡٱˡ̱ȳҦ˵ȻŽӼηǻûҪ͸͵ˣϲȻԸأֻ򼾴˿žءô˵ϸϿأ˳˻СҦӣɻʲô£
ηĬΡӰɣʮְ
С̴һһ죬ȴûʲô飬Ҳ𣿡ηĦŵŵĴֲͻȻʵ
Ҧվǣһͷһۼη磬ȴסˡ
̽ûдһ˿̬ż΢΢ת˼ηķ
ŶС̱ҲվȻˣҲװˡ
һ߳һԼһţɻٵĹҪһ޲¥ұˡ˼Ȼôʣѵץˣ
η̱ƵҪһЩ̱ۣ΢΢ӣԾӸµؿ̱Ƶ۾ѡⰸͷβûʲôͷҲûʲô
̱Ǻ⣬΢΢һ㶣վֱӣˣǱˡûƻİӣΪøĲ죬Խ˵ⲻɵ𣿡
ηʲôЦ£ǲɵˣ̴ҵֳȥʲôأ

 29 

Ҫ
ҪҪͷҪ죬Ҫ¶ֵľȣһ˿ı
̽סеĻᣬĴָһԼָ
̱Ǵžȸһ˿Ȼ˹ֳ첻Ǵ·𣿡
Ѳ·ǾƹݵˣⰸӵʿǼ˵ҪŲ˿ɾ̫ˣֲõڶûʲôͷ
η翴ǰͶˡСģϵı飬˵ǡô
ηǰһƳԼСҦʦһۣϸϸܵĺ׺һţֶֻţҿԼɵͷ̾Цֽӳ̽г˳
̽һʱûӦϵľЩηקǰһ㣬̧ۿһۣɾɼηǷ
̱ǰ̽ͷû£᲻áҪϲȥ򡣼ٺ»ޣʮ°˸µҲܲôһ۾͸ɣȨ˽ѡ
֪̱ΪϿ̱ηô˵ɳ̽ЩṮ̌ͷĶԼ̱ǰһҪŵĺӣһͷ㿪̱Ƶ֣΢΢û᲻á
̱һ£˻
ǱҦ̱ƵĻϽֱַ磺˲̰ͼһģ˲ˡڽŴյηϣΪ˶ҪϲͷҰ˵Ļȫۣ۲Ҫǵġ
ηʧЦҦͷһȭ˼̴Ұ͵ģҪʲô
ףʮӣЦŶ̱Ƶ̴ֻһ˵Ĳԡʵҵٺ»ʮ궼ôһ
̱ƺʮΪƽӣôҲǸðеҲ̫˵ɣ
η绷ˣҦԲ˵̱ҲǸһٱи̽¶һδŵıͬ顣
ηһǰࣺ̾ׯѾܶˡǳԻģԱգҵٺ»Ѿǵߵˡ
̱ƵһҦ𣺡죬ô㣬λãҪǮɡ
ҦһȻǰͷѧͽõġŻһ£ûáҽǮ𣿽㣿
ηЦãزأҲûô͡˵ʮôһٺ»ҪլӣȢŰɡһܶլһ䷿ˣҿ᲻á
̱ưԣͻָ˴̽ıˣѧհɡ黭壬ʲôС
ηЩεͻȻһתڵǺ֪㣬ԼıϿڱСʱ򣬲֪Ҫǿ϶١ҵǸһаƮںϣҸãͷ֧˸̯ͷǳԲġ
̱Ʋ֪ΪͻȻʼʰļСʱΪڣעĿš
ηŸһϵĻ᣺ҺСͿʼ̯ϰæˡΪʵ̫ȶҸﶼֹŸ˳ƽһʼ¸˱˸Ӧ˲١ʱˣ׼ͷˡпŲȥ̯ϳƣһģĸͷϣЩСС
תȦٸ̱ƿһѰͬ˲٣ѻõʵĵľɡùգлҸʹлˡ˵Żֹ
̱ƿͷһһ񣺡˿
ηסվŵҦ𣺡ն߶ţȸˣͣ͡
̱ƽŶû˵֮ȡٱǡ
ηˮתȥҦ̧ͷԥ˰ΣǾȱ죬ͷ·
̱ǰŶ˵ıӰָУĦ¡
תͷ̽̽ӡУȫһƬȻ
̳
ǸŴڰһƬľƹǲĿպ֮УξʵмһһӶûоŵǸʵеһһ
Ψ̳ơ
Ϊѹץһڵģ̳ơ
ηһǷ̱ƵȻûгƹһǼηڱģȷ£̱޷б
ǲڱģȷ£˵η̱֪һ¡
֪֪ʮ֪ı¡
ηߵ˴űߡ뿪֮ûȥ˨ţû˨ֻϷš
ηִϡ
̱ͻȻһȣˣ
ηͣסع̱ơ
̱һֱϵı鿴ʲôȻˣһ£˵
ηһüˣ̴˵ˡ
̱üҪ˵£̸ȽϺá
η罫ַڵϣˬһЦҴ͵ܳһˣٵȥҪͷˡ죬ҴСҦٴεŰݷðɡ˵ձ֮ǰ۽⿴̱ǰվŵĳ̽ͻȻɫ
ηְϣƿһ졣
Ƶһ澪¶ְεʣ󷭻һʽƽɳƣֽҦ
ȥһ͡ηͷ̽԰һЩͷŴּ״סִۣס嶯ηת棬׼̽ģȥ̽ƺһһ˿Ѫȴ˿
һɫտ½ǴӶȰӹ򼾳η󡣼ηĿѣ˦ѳ̽㽫קŵҦʹһƣšת׵ݵ֣һն
ȴһ̱ȥֻһɫڱϣƮڵϡ
η綯ɱӵ̽ɿֱۣ۽ǰ˼ηһѪɽص˳ȥ
ηһ˦ѪΣȥ̱ѾˣһսеˣܣѸ˳̽ࡣ
˶عηŵ̱ˣ绢һ㣬ӣӣš
̱̽ƽűߣ
̱۾δתʵû°ɡ
̽۸һڣѪ¡Ҷÿ죬俴ȥң˵ò
û¡̽ҧվ̱ࡣ
η̱̽˵΢΢ת򣬿̱ŵˡ
ѾȫȻʧȥʶ̱Уͷ۵ֲһ֪ǻ
ʯ֮һȻʱһŨѪζڼηǼ⡣
Ѫ
˱̱ţڵϣӽżѪԴԴϣһĳߣζţ̱뼾η֮䡣                        
лҪ˵ҷǡ
Ȼûȵ
ʱ̬һֱڱ-ƽ--ƽ֮л
ҿԼݣСʹĿ佱
ĵҲдʺ-дĻ-ʺ-֮л

ֻܡ
һҾԲģ
ƪľҵ̣һջ˺üϲ̵Сʹü
ȻĺãǼȻҾҲܰˣҲˣ
Ժٱ̬Ǿʹң
һúµģ
壡

 30 

ηֳֵᵶۣ⣬۹뵶ƽŵ
һ˲䣬ͨ籡Ũҵɱʱȴֻʣƽ
ˣʵ
ӦáûСҦץżηΡΡ̽ͷţѪˣȴǵѪλڡ֫ûжһʱ֮䣬Ӧ
̱һһͬԼߵĳӣȴ˿һʱҲ˵ϵþˣһ
߶һԣĳ˵ˣǲǾҪȡյ˵ġ
η绺վֱ壬һϵѪ˦һ䣬ջ˵ʡ
̱б˳̽һۣ̽鲻Ըֱӣüסηһһ
ղһ˲ɷ·ֻǾˮ£ηֹʸɾЦҪȽ͵ҽݰɡҪͷ̴ҸСүһͬǰȥˡ
ЦˣֲЦװӣЦҿŶۡȻѾˣҲø̨ӡô˵ɣȥҽݣΣΡ̱λдŲͷ
ηһ㶣ת˲ЦøˣͷҲͷˣ̴ģǵһμȤʵȤ
̱ƣôûô嵨˵ģ
ηʹʹЦ̴ң⸮Ī˸Ѫ֪Ŀˣ֮ʣӦɾſڡǲ˿Ų죬Ԥһ㣬ƴˣҲҪǰ棬ǱߡңŹǰ֮𣿡
̱ƲÿɷŤͷ˳̽һۡ
ֱֻ̽뱳ĶһһţͷðһϸɫЩףȴζסη磬֧ţû⵽̱Ƶ
̱תͷǣЦһ£ᡣ
η籧ü̱΢Цˣеɱһһ֯
ѪˡҦ촽̽ףͬǣŵãǺףѪǿ졭ˡ
ηɨϵѪ̧ͷ̱ƣ̱ŵֻһûİһһν
Ƭ̣η緳ɿ۰ŵһ䣺ȴ±ϣһˣⲻ˵ġ̴ңĪʲô˼
̱Цһһֻס̽תԺȥ
η籧ŵԶظţǰ̱ͻȻɲסӣͷ˵ֹ
η練Ц̴ѵΪһ뿪Ƥӵ£
̱ƱԼη磺Ҹˣвɵһԡ㲻ģɸҵſڣסžˡ
̴Ī⣬ҿɲдǷи֮ܵģƾ̴ҵı£Ҳʲô˲õ¡ʱһţֻһʬ壬̴ҸСүɣҶˡ
η罫ҲһãҪôҿŸƣҪôѪɡֻǺһ̴ҷӵһܲ˵ġһ˵ţһ߿ԽԽѪסֲɵýһ
̱û˵żη磬ü塣̧̽ͷȥֻ򤵽һ߽رţ»һ¡Լϵһָֻ֣ʶĦ¡
̽зŴʱľ棬⣬һֻĴָ̽ڡ֮䣬һϡ
ˣ˪ķˣҺһͨأǡĶѪŴ߽ſϵѪʵ
̱Ʋ溹ë̽Ťͺ
Ѿη̫࣬ȴ꣬㳤һչֱקԼ
һֻֽͷԼϣԣ£ȴȫֲ
ηЦ¶һȮݣ˵겻˲ˡһȥ˰ɣҰҿţýдҷģҾſڣ˴ſڳһ𻹸ҡ
̱ءؿ˼ηһۣûеĴ˵ˣʡǡŲϵѪζһͷײ
ԹȻ
̱סƺŴ˵ĳ̽ͷҲصسһȥʵţʲô⣬ϻ
ηֱǰصغϡ
ηɿ˴СηЦЦȹס飬
ţ̱ɿ˳̽ǰȥаڷŵһ̧˷С
̽Ӧһ¹ߣ̱ûңȴһҡ
ܵļϰڷŸֲͬľϣһ߰ϴŴϸһһĶǽһӣ˴ССͺŲһٵ䣬ɢЩľмңľЩ
ֻҴɨһۣ̱Ѿ̧
̽عϽǰæ̱һ𣬽˷£ͷմϡ
̱ƿһۣȦߵ̽ǰͳذףȴһҲûӰ֣ѡ
̽סʧ˷Ӧ
̱ʮûԣһƺǲԸ̽ѿ࣬ų̽ļ򣬽ת˹ϱѵ̱Ѿذ׻˳̽ϵ£ָһƬ˴Ŀĵϣ۲ۣ
ۡҲۣ̽ʱѾֲˡ
̱ü΢ָŲһλã΢΢أ
ҲҲۡ
ְ̱ų̽ļ򣬽ת˹û˵ͷµС㵹ͦʵһ˵ţûͣİһҩƿų̽ĸ첲ͷҩ
ͷץԼҩʱúܽڳ̽ĽǶȣܿһëнëͦ⻬һرǹǡ
̽Ȼ֪۾ÿת˰죬ſϲ֪ˣңҪǲӦãȿ
ҩֱ̽˿ڵѪֹסˡֱ̱ۣ̽һµҩ۴ߣ
Сֲ֪۵ѪֻΪѪҪˡ̱תصϣذ˵°ڣʵء
̽סֱվһǰȥµ·ѱ̱ƾȥһ·λãһڴĴڣƽ¶һСڰɫĹǲ磬ȥʮֿɲȷʵ̱ͬ˵˿ѾٴѪˣֻһЩ
̱ƴӰȡһ˿ָϣչ˿ڣҲųѪҺˣ
ǡû졣ǳסηʱŵѪζӦʲôԣ֮£ڼη罫ŷƿһ˲䣬ŵѪζ
̱΢΢ͷ첻꣬ζŨҡ̶ֳȣѾ㲻ˣ̳һЩ
ϵ˿ݸ̽ܿʲô𣿡
̽˿ǰϸϸ˿ڡǱиʮƽֻһƤôѪ
̽ӣϸϸѲλáˡ
촽ţͷ̱ơ
ѵǡβ                        
лҪ˵л̷֪񡱡ӡɴޒλСɰĹȣ
ҵĴ󱦱
~

 31 

̱ߵٵļӱϣͬߴٵһһٵ۾ƽ룬Թӵ棺ǡ
ֲáôѪ
ǲȻأһ̱ۡƷһѵһѣָ˲Ҳԣ˵ȶϱۻۡ
̱̽ƵıӰϣ̰Σûʳڣֻ˵˵̫أԼʹ˵ʧѪˡ
̱һٵһѣԼƣƬתţصϣǵûУʱأ̧ţҹȥʱεġ
̽
ôˣȻ˭֪һ˵ʲô˵Ҳãʡô
ָ̱̽ⷭɵĵУֿ²֪İˣǡôȸҩ𣿡
̱ƴ˸ӹֱˣк̽Ҳ
̽Ҳûԥ˸ӣ̱ߡ
泯ţǸֹסѪ壬һʱû˵ָֻ̱תŵĵУſһ
ǳ̽Ͷ˼žĿһӾ߰ɡ
̱û壬תͣˡ
һӾߡͨ⺣İһȥʱƣҿϼηϢʱ䡣Ӧ㹻˴ߣֻҪˮǱ㲻ˡ
̱ǣ£ŶӲ˵ġô죿
̽۽üҲֻ˵ţͨûʲô㱻ץȥҲ޷󲻹Ǹӵʹץȥ
̱ƴյ̽ϣ°ͣʮӣֱɱ˲ǸãҲñץˡ
ų̽Ķ˵һ첻ζ֪Ϊʲô̽Ӽϣشһ顣ѹúãû¶һ˿ת̱ƣΪɱˣҲϲɱˡ
̱ʼ磺޲Ϊඣɱɱ¡
ҷţҲɱ̱̽ϸϸţ̱ϵıһ˿ûжһ£˵ֻݣʮ֡ǸҦԵ޹ʧ޲¥ưոݡ޲¥֮ʹһʱץҲҪأա˵տһǣ֪뿴ľ棬ɱǵġ
̱ƿų̽ͻȻһЦַֻɿ쵯˳̽Ǽһ£⺢ӣôһģ档
̽ԼǼ⣬̯֣Լָ⣺ҵ𣿡
Ȼ̱
Ŷ̽ͷ֮еĴ𰸣˿⡣
̱һָ˵ϵˣղǸƻûλְô죿
βѾնˣ䵽ҲǸɵġִ֪磬֮˵𣿡
̱ҡҡͷ°ͳһٿ
̽ԣ
˵֮䣬˵˿ѾȫֹסѪ˿ڵɫ˽ϰĳɫˣ˿ܵƤѾ˲Ե壬ǴҪ£ӡ
̽ʲôȻɻ֮䣬ɨԼԼ˿мһ΢Сİ׵΢΢һ̶ʮ΢ƺֻۻ֮µĻþ
̽üͷǰȥϸϸ鿴
һ֮£ɵõعͷŵؿ̱ơ
˿ڳʱһСڶѵĹǲ磬Ѫм䣬¶һͷʱٿǹǲԼаָⳤĹѿ΢⡣Բ⻬ȫˡ
̱סеٵվץסӵȥһ£ܳȫȫβһβ
վ˳̽࣬һͷǽض̶̵Ĺѿʱûʲôõ˰ɡ
̽û˵ϵıް
ʱһ͵͵ʹͻȻ˴ߵĿд˿ϵʱǼӱʹʹĥתˡ
̽ɫȻһ䣬屾һ㣬ƲɵĲȥ
ֵߣȴסˡ
ּ̱ס˳ֱۣ̽͵أʡ
̽һԣ̱ƶˣ
˼۾գۣǡ
Ҹϡң̱ƣʶ𣿡ָ̱ԼǼ⡣
˵ʶЩɢ̡ơ̱ơ
ûѰֲ̱ͷˣԼţͷʳ̽Ҫ⣬᳹ѣιȥ
̽Ҳ֪˵ʲôãʱȴͻȻһ㣬֧ӣһץס̱Ƶ֣ȿȣβն𣡾㣡
̤̽ǰһü˵ֱ۸񿪣̱ƵͻȻˡ
ȴ޶ֻš
̱ĳ̽򣺡û£ɣ˲ҡˣңҶˡֻȴּ仰㡣
˺ƽ̱Ʊ㿪ʵģԼ֣
̲̽סͷ̱ơ
Ӵ˼ڣЩ˻ƣƬ̺Լ
̱һǣЦһҾ֪в֪ǼʹΣ̽˵
ΪΣ̱ƽʡ
Ҫˡûɣдһ˿ᶨ
ֱ̱Цȴûʲôų̽˵һ̳Ӿƣù
̽Խȡݸ̱ơ̱ƿƷ⣬˵°̧ͣӣ˭˵ҵģ
һЦ̽ʱʮֲ԰ףȴмڲס忡Сʮ꣬ʮ껹ûϰʱ򣬾Ѿͷˡ
̱ƲƲ죬ÿɷ񣺡ǻаƫҪԼ֣
һ˿Σϰ֮˼ѵˡ֮ǰ׵ʱ򣬾ˡֻû򲻵ѵʱԼԣƴһ
̱ƽ˦һԣƴһʲô鷳
˵Ž̳𣬽ŵٵϣʲô֣
Ԩ
Լģһ֧
ǡ
ԭȼأ
һˡ
̱ƳĬһվ룬ֶУѪž㡣
̱ƵɫȻˡ̽ûϿɫ³ִ̲סҪݵơ
Ԩ̱ʵ֪֣޻أ
֪
֪Ӵ֮캣֮䣬ǹһĻ꣬䲻ݣĺ޼ң
֪
֪׽ܽݸ֪
֪
֪ܰͷأҪݲ˥֮ǰ뿪
֪
á̱ƻ³һ
ֵ𣿡ͻȻʵ
̽ЦһĶȴͷһϡ
ֵ˵
̱û˵˫סٵ߸߾˵˿ڣʹȥ
Ѫ罦ҵĲҽ𡣵û룬̱ס̶һصعͷԳ̽Ц
ˣҵǿԾٵ򡣡
лҪ˵л֪ȻСʹİĹ~
ࣣ
䰮ĶйⲨ~

 32 

ſڣԼĸ첲ǰˡ
ηڵϣԺһţ۱۾ڼ¡
ҦûηôˣץԺһȦȦתһη磬һһֿյĴţдšô족
վƨϵĻңĿбӵԺķȥ
һʯӱȥĽǰ棬һ졣عͷȥη۾û
ҳޱ飬ȿη磬ֿҦ𣬡˭Ҫ𣿡
ҦһǺˣ۾֪ÿãһ㳯η翴ȥ
η˸ۣˣ̰ɡ
˸İۣ̲ˡ
ηʼ磺ǹɣҲ⡣
úᵶĨӵƣקסԼΪҲǰɣҸ㣬ҿɸˣҸҵúܡ
ηü˸ơ
η߳壬η粻ܣһ͵Ҧᣬͷˣ֪ȰǸһţֵʱ򣬷ҵĲҽƿնҵĽ޲Ŀھʹ
η綯ˡ
Ҧûпڷ֮ǰˣյҽźݺ̤š
ľ鷢ظĿ֨ɲϵأûб߿
̽ȵشźˣҲ֪˵Զţûء
η粢һ֮£֪źţǵת棬ݺݵؽû룬ηֳ鵽̼¡ľűͱüڵĵͶºüǳǳĹߡ
ûηһȣٴź߹ȥ
ͻȻ
ηսѱ䣬šתƣᵶסģһӷԾԺУֺᵶ۾һؿС
йЩ谵̽ǰֻһչУԵͷ鹧˳
Ƣǲˡ֪Ҽҳ̽ſڣ鵶ͿҪǳ̽ÿ죬һ⣬ɾͺһ޹ˡ
̱ƴӷ߳ߵǰϵļ󶴣۵ؼ˺ð죬Цӯӯؿżη磺ˣɵҡ
η۾ɨȥģģӰӣһƽһϣһģ֪
η翴̱һۣŵֱ˹·̱Ƶʱ򣬲ܣļײ
̱ļ򣬶ǰĳֻ֣̽ͣͣЦЦ
η߽˲ſ壬˲ţżſϣһηսеǰתͷ˹
û
ηǰȥѲֻɫҰףѪɫͷĺ飬ģɼʱްµλøһײһ˿Ѫ˳
־岻η翴һѪ㽫߻صϡ
Ȼɴò
ղĲҽ
ǡƺЩ˼Щɻ󣺡ǣ
츮ϲͷη硣ǡɡҸ͡
ŶԭǱƵĿˡЦˣƸղŸõҩʵ̫ʹˣһʱûסسЦЦ
ơ̴ң죿
ѣ˹¹֣֣һֱôˡ
η̱ƵĶһֱûֻŶ˶ԻηĬһְڣܲʣ¡ҿԿһ˿𣿡
˵¶ΪѵɫηȴƲòԹɫֻǵš̾˿˵ͷ
ηǰһҿǲײײ֮£µλû㷽ɢѪζڲסҩζηȥǾ˻˻ʹȴҲûֹ
ҿһϸĵڣԼЩĵطû˿ˡ
ηȡ˿ȻǳǰĳѪȴţôŪģ
ƺЩݣˡʣ
㣬㱾Ӧ٣ɱҸˣôһǺŵӣѵʲô飿
˰֧˰죺ǡҽȥķѣҵ׷˵ҪҡҲ棬ֻˣû뵽һ·׷ңͷֱӰĲ˵Ͷϡ
ˣ£ô˼˵ܱץԼɡ
η粻ÿɷ񣺡㱻ﶪһͽҸҽݣƫԶլӣԼѣ
˲֪мҴҽƵ˱ҽݻЩȥҽݣ˼ô˵ģû˵ƢһҲͱȰһȰ
̱Ʊǰ˵ɢҩζľϴģ֮գǧ֮ܽ˿˶
ηһתͷЦų֣һˡֻԭҲûʲôΪδҷ˽ţֲأðװһ
ʱţ֪Ƿʲô£ٵģҪ취ֵܡˣ˵һ£Ҳŷİ̱ظһ屡졣
ηЦǺǵģٵҲҡ̴˽ţֺδ֪ǰȥ뵽ԤıİȥĪĪ֡
̱ƴȻӱȳЩŵѪζϾҪײϣʲôΣգ뱣š
̽Ĵȥ̲סԲδ̫ǿˣܹԲ˵ȴ©ٳֻһ˿֤ݶޣ֮䣬̱ǹѪֵܣ˵ĻԼûпηȻҲûв鰸ıҪԲ˵Ҳ͹ˡ
Ҧɵɵ̽ͷ̫ˣһᡣղŶˣû¾ͺãû¾ͺá
ηҦ֣ãСҦͷԨ˵λСҦʦҲͨЩҽҲſɣû
Ԩ̱ƽһ̱΢΢ףԨЦҦͷ˱鷳СҦʦˡ
Ҧ֣ʵҲ̫ηֱǰ棬ֻƿһۣһۣȴסˣøɾ
ʲôηü
ûʲôǣѰĵҪɾ࣬㿴ϼûѪ
ηע⵽ϹȻʮָɾûʲôѪֻѪǵ״ɢϡѪĺۼǡ罦
Ҧû뵽ʲô쳣ʮģԨ̴֣ҵҩ񷽣ֹѪ졣ֻոճ˺ܶѪɣʲô
Ԩлſţ㽫ֳǰ˹ȥҦ
ҦִϡƬ̣о첻ǷͻŵľѨһ
Ԩһϣһ¡ͻȻĶһ¡
ηԱĬȻ˰ΣͻȻ֣ԨϣӦѣηǰһ˺
һнƵ磬̱ƶûüֹ
ηǰԨ߹֮䣬ѿڣ߹ǵļ϶ţԨĺء
һΪأҪڿ˼ô졣̱Ƶ
ηǿнԼ˼ǰĹ쾰СȻͷŮ̱Ŀƾ˳
һŮԹţյѶܹģЬðˣҴӱﾾء
һŮͷҳһţޱسη
ηεǰĹ⾰ȴˮīһ㣬ڻ뵣Ӱӡ
̱Ƶ١Ǯţ֮ģĨ˰ɡ
ƹСļ仹ܸ𣿰̫˰ˣС̫أЩ֡Ĩˣİ취ɡ
ŶˣٵĹ˵£㿴ĳвУӴֵ¶лл
ȫʧȥʶ֮ǰǼηһ仰                        
лҪ˵һ~
ĵڶʼ֮ˡ
ǽڵ˺Ϸˣǣ
лСɰ~
Ϲ~

 33 


ˮ

ĸס
롣
̽۾
Ťͷһֽ͸⣬йһʱ䣬۾ºзŲݵɾ
Ϣϵ±亹ʪˣŽߵ˺䡣
һľͰľͰʢŰͰˮÿ϶׼õġ¶¨ɾӣվˮͰǰ
Ӱе꣬ü۳ˣǹӷ񾢶زס˫۾ӳ΢⣬ˮˮ³һѽ⡣ֻ޷ˮʪˣĺ촽ҰţûʲôѪɫԵм֡
̽飬ˮԼϡ
͸ˮմӲȫͨϴɾ̽µ£˺䣬Ӽ˼۴ϡ̱ƴ֣ɫϣˮ۰ͣ˿壬ƣ̽촩ǰһģһζûɫ䣬Ӧܷ㡣
̽Դʮģ̱ƾŴͬ·˵Եüۡ
̽졣˳Խ˳ȴͨÿһ˳ÿһһɫװһҳһ㣬һȥ̲סۿ̡
̽ߵǰڷѲһȦɾ࣬쳣ƿţ˳ȥ
ţǵݺõʻϴµɰСһҹֱ˼򵥵СˣֺҲˣʢڱˮżСһ𣬷ŵϣԺȥ
ڷſפڼżһƬûʲô̽ƿţŲ˽⽫ϣ̷ŵϣϿһۡ
ܹɴᣣҡš
̽ü࿴һۣȴȻţȥϣߵ˴ߡ
ƿɴᣡ
̽һֱܺһ¡֪֪֪̱Ƶϣһֺܵܵģˮζƽʱʱŵɵڷյк˯һҹ֮ζһЩһ£ԼҲĪʪġ
Ȼ棬Ҳûʹˡ˼˯ŵ̱𣿳̽˵á˵ˮζʲôأ˵ҲֻúЦˡ
̱Ʋϲ£ͷ˯ʱͷһɢһ֮䣬ֻ¶С˯ʱҲûʲô飬ʱޱ鲻ͬʲôͬ̽Ҳ˵ֻһͷ壬촽ȵĺɫ΢΢ţƽغ
վڴߣ̽һһһҶϵ¶һӾٲ
̱ƵĴܴϲ˯̽ϥϴ齣˫ֳڴϣӣỽ
ûж
Ƭ̣̽΢һֻ
̱Ƶı΢΢һ£̽ڴá
ָ̱ˣбͷû֣˸ûѣ۾ȴѾˣţȥҳˣ̽
ǡ̽Ӧš̱ƵҲʪģֻҴҶһֵۣͷȥ
̱Ʊͷ֫ţҲģôһһ첻˯ȷʵˡ
ʱŴӡ
˯ţ˴䡣̱ƴŹУӴϷ£ͷʲô
Ƭࡣ˾ƣûġ̽ӱ߹˸տķݸ̱ƣȻԺÿ˯źһˣش
̱Ʊۣͷ˶֪Ьӣߣˣ˯ûڴ̼Ӱɡ
̽ţƬ̱Ƴ϶ˮ飬ҲɫǾһЩ
ڱʢţѾ˸պʿڵ¶ȡ̽罫ʢˣ̱߹ӹ˳̽ݹĿӣ˱һͬʼ÷
֮ǰ̱ʣûʲô¶
ÿյĹˣ̽д˸壬Դ³ǱһݵĵһӣԾɣûʲôɡ
̱ƺ˿ࣺϸ˵˵
ϱˣϱͶѰ˶̼ȥʱɷںӵϿޣʬԵϣھ֮۵ģҲ࣬ûʲô쳣
̱ƵͷǱأ
ӲǼηģҦҲڡǶֽרܴ󰸶ˡֻ
Ǽη磿
š̽ͷҲǴ̽ʱ˳ģ˵һ׮ӵʱǶһ˵ʱײ˰һƴʮһˣɱĸ߸һ򾡣Լ˵òᡣ
̱üǳ鶯ڼˣ
̽ĬĬ㣺֮󣬵ڣˣ˰ɣǸ˱ײϵĳ̶ȡ
̱̾˿īҲûְֺӦֻɺϰɡ˵㻹ٴ̽Сӻžƹݵ£ۻš㼴̽ҲҪ̫ˣһҪǲԼٹġ
ʡõġҲſֵӣԶԶؿһۣھӲ̲䡣
šʱ䵹ͣͣģûʲô£Щ׷ɱˣķˣҲ˵
̽ͷû˵ʲô˽ÿϵй꣬㰲˷
̱֮󣬺óʱûصˡΥ֮ôһ֮ͣ̽ղףֱ͸
˯úóԵúãͺãٴ̽ԷͨˬɵþԼĺǺãѵڳԷʱ˾䣺ֳˣ
ţš̽˵ͷϴʱֳһЩ
üһ̱Ʒ¿ӣ̽ҸˡۼҾʹһڹ˹
̽ӱ£㿪̱Ƶ֣˵췢ôһͨƢ컹ûأҴҪȥ𣿡
̱̾ȥɡ˯˯뷢Ƣͷֻܾûİ취˭ʮߵĹﻹүŻεģ
̽е㡭ȥ𣿡
֪֪Լ꣬ҹţӦò࣬۾ǰˡ
û𣿡
̱Щͷ֪ˣЩûãԼѡɡҳԺˣ㳷ɡ
̽Ӧǣʰ̱ӳţ̽û߳ȥϽͷʣҪʼ𣿡
̱ƻͷʣ죿
̽˼꣬񣬻ʣʮ졣
̱ƻһô죿
һģҹϹʮҲüʮأ˵ɡ߸˵߳ȥˡ
̽һ䣺ȥҸ𣿡
̱Ƴ֣ڣڲţȥԺ׽Ȼϳȥ
̽Խʰ̱˵ϸԨԼˣҪȥһˣ㲻øţǵطСȥãٺ١
̽ɫ

 34 

̱νվԺм׽һԼ˶һ飬Ͱѽӵһˡ
˳һḺ́ǲġ
˽̱ھر߼ϷŵһСץһھرϣΧϵָסһСһ۵һǶϣԭϸ߸˽ŵ񣬾ܻչˡ
ǰʱȥ飬˵˿еĴôһָ·Ĺ˳ģؼҺó̽ҳʱ÷ѵӣھرϡ˺Щˣû壬񾵳ܵǶżƬûмˡ
̱һСƬ̽ʰ׵̱ƽױһ̽㿴˵ٹʮʮģЩ᲻ᱻɰȥʱǿһôоģۣϵı飬Ҿ;Ȥ
߽̽ˣǿڣᱻġ
̱ƆһһԶסɣס꣬һҪطġ˵ϱģլӶ߰ˣҲ֪ǲǶˡ
̱һ֧ӣԨһԣݰʮ꣬լӱǡһլӲһףʡøԨƵģģ۵ϱԼһסͬ
̽ӱ߼ȡ˲豭˱̱ɫģԨҳףﶼҸ˵й￴ҵġ
̱һڲˮס̽°ͣתſ˭˵ģװôû˿ϡÿγţѵûС͵͵㣿
̽ҡͷûע
ˣ̱ƿ˰죬ûʲôȻҵǵһأȥƻ죿иСһû˵˸ˡ㲻Ǻ߲Ҹ˵ɣҿ㶼ûдףһϻĸԵƵĹء
˵Ҳûȳ̽ػˣһҲûʲô£ǵȳ֮ͬ԰ɡ㿴Ԩôȥ̶ʮ꣬챻ϱҲ֪ûڡ
̽ӹֵݻıӣ״⣺Ǻ˰ɣȻΪνҪȥʲôСӲȥĵطأ
㣬ô¡ǡҲ֪ʲô˵¡̱Ʋ˵
š̽豭Ż˱߼ϣûʲôȥˡ
һŤͷһ˲һͷײ̽һܣѾԽֻþд˵һ졣
˺ðΣŴˮð˳ʱȥı仯ȳ̽ԭ赭٣Ѿȫˣ߿һüۣССһ£ͷüëɫǱѰ˵һЩѩķɫѩѱһ㣬͸ŹѾó˪˵ĳˡ
˪һСˮҲ̱ƣ˵˾䣺ϲޡ
̱һȦһֻЬö
ǱȥֻЬָǶų̽˵أźء
ָ̱ɸһˣǹܲˣҾͰȥСӻʹ߾ߣҿ㻹Ҳ˽ᡣ
һ仰ڴĵϣƾʲôǹͲܴˣƾʲôͲܸˣҾŴүߣʲôеģŶŮľ͵÷ָסȥֻеĲܽŸ㣬үҪһɫСӲֺ
ҽ̱ɫóˮҧų̽˵
̽վ̱û˳̽һۣ޿֣԰һᣬŲ˵ҾҪŸүҲޡŮʲôĳأ۹ôŮŮģǿ𡣡
̱ƶվȻͷ˳̽һָۣˮĴǻںڲǻ˼ĵϣ˼ҵϻѵý˼ҵĹأ˵ǲЩǵȸ֮ô˽ݣ
һţˣôŪϳɣǶ֪үȢңҲ˳ڸүˣ
̽ӹһĸɾ͸Ѿ߲һˣǾͷ¶棬ٵȥġ
ҧָףǻ˰ɡϷ˷ˣ
ˮ˦ãˮ̱ϣ̱ԼһǱˮ£徲ȥˣһϸϸβˮһû޶
̱ûָˮˮ²أԺ󾵳ҲˣҸ㣡ҴµˮҲǲͳͨͨûУ
ˮ޵İ
̱Ĩһϵˮͷų̽ѧⲻʡĵģʲô뷨ңҪҲǸСӵʱ򣬺ݺһ١
̽Цţӻǳһӵݸ̱ƣϵˮһмء˵Ļ֣׻᲻ۻ˵˵ɣܹ鲻ľˡ
̱Ƶɫǿÿһ㣬ӻص̽ˣˣû飬ȥˡ϶ҵķϸžС
̱̽ƵıӰ˵ǣеӣŻ˻УϵŵǮۿ̱ƳԺţû
̽ʮһʽʽֽԺɨһ飬ɫ㽥
ֵһûʱ̱ƾϽ֣ʹӾˮγȥȥ棬һαһʱ䳤
̽˼Сˣˮţӣֽһ¡
ʰ֮ͣ˸ųš
ݵʱɫûȫϾҪˡ̽ûҼ̱ƣסõʡ̱ƳۣõĶӡ˵һṫӣһ飬ˣ˵ȥԷ
̽лȥ¥
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̱ǳͣ£¥¶ʶС˵˵ͭ壬˵үˣǸһ濡ĹӣˣζһñĺУ϶¥żԵģ˳߲꣬á
̽ŵվ¥ſڣ˼һʲôطСȥãɺȥõأ
¥˼壬ڳκıϣˮл贬½½һ㣬ƯиתźԶԶƮɵһ㣬¥÷ĸһ
ķ磬Ÿĸһ·͵˳̽࣬УЯһʮϤģˮζ
ʹһ㣬̽ȥ
һΪصĻͿڰߣ̱ߵԨ֪˵Цʲôһֻ̤ڴϣ׼ϴ
̽۾ûʲô˳ȺСƶѣ̱ҲΡ
֪ʲôͬˡϵ˳Цкˣǳ忡Сġ
һ滭

 35 

̱һ̤ڴϣԨſϣ˵㿴տʦ
̱ƻͷһΧסտ
λӣźôñ
Աקʲôӣϸǲɮۣ
ѽİĺ𣿻ʲôãͰ
տҹɫڣñժ˫ֺʮӷ𣬻λʩĺС
ѽƯĺУ
кУʲôѽ
ÿ֬ʲôѽÿ۵ġ
տ˫ֺʮ΢ЦһȺݺݺΧм䣬Ӧ
һСЩ棬տƢãŵ֣տͷ¡
еͷǻģ˵ûɣ
̱ҧ촽ʹЦЦԨϡиü۽欵ҪַϴȴͻȻñ죬񱻲ʳ߶һϸϸë͵سȥһƬ޵Ƶİ¥ڵĳ֣еƻûʲô
Ǹճ˾ƣִһӺ磬Щˡ̱ҡҡͷֹĸо˦壬֣̤˴
µڲڣҰˡǸˣЦ
ǰɵ䣬˳Ľ⡣
ԼĪ棬ɫ䣬гŵ佣ڴ趯֮䣬¶Ƭѩ׵ļɫɴ½̱λԨտ
ֻ̱бڱϣִϥͷһһ㣬ڸӣһеӡ
Ԩձ۾տ˫ֺʮ۾Լָ⣬̫ڡ
滭ǽȤ˵ھǹ֮еģҲءٹǿŮӣĵӣƯСĽ裬һζִ
̱Ƶָϥͷͷصš
Ѻȡֻһڣɬˡ
¾ƲҲѳԡô򵥼Ҳ֪ǴģŪûûг̽á
⽣þ͸ˣһ첲ģûʲôһȺŽŻһ轣Լַ߳̽ģźÿ
ɫ·٬٬֬һǺɫԼ۹ãɫڳ̽ϣͳĵúܡ
档
ò̵һ꣬ȥ̱ƸϽƣãʡࡣͷǸȵһȡ
üĿ欵Сһϲһͷװźߵӣߵ̱¡
ʵҲС̱ŲŲƨɡ
Сڿڣֻ¶һ˫Цõ۾ӵһ
Ŷôģ̱ƴЦ
СʵȻģ˵һ̱Ƶļһ
̱èץһܡһ裬ϲкκλŽҪ£ƿֻǿ֧Ӧûأʲô֣
һתӻҷǡ
úã߹£͡
ģ˵ֱл̱Ƶ̱ͣƳûԱŲһŲ
үأƽʱϲ裬Сţ⴬ϣһʮֻᳪСģĽģ֪Ǵûôˣ
ЩЩĵӣָתӣ˵أһġ˵ϲ裬ҲǺҵİɡ
̱˱ƣݵ˵ȥȻǣȻϲ裬гĸ裬𣿡
бһۣ¶ЩȻЦģһͷ̱еıӺ˾ƣ촽̱Ƶϡ
̱һӽŵװǣӵòУԼؾ˱˦֣ͻȻһ

̱Ʊһͷ̽ڴм䣬ޱؿԼ
㡭ôˡʲô̱ıӣһ
żҴҵӽţˣ˵˽챻Ͱˣôֱﴳ
ֻ̱̽ƵĻɫ죺ǮһǷϵģˣҸǮ
ֻͷſڵˣôǰͣʹûǮ𣿡
˵մ佫Ǯǰ̱˻ȥɣһؼˡ
̱ƵͷеǮ鸴ӡ⺢ӸҵĬȥˣôĻǮҵΪʲôǮѵ𰡰
Ԩ̱ʶʱ仹̣ر˽ʱֻǰк£ûãС̸ǮˣȻ߲ˡ
տȴƳ̱һۣЦһøֱˣ¥ʱϻͷӣֻϰϣʱͳۣǮصЬˡһ·ϣˡ
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̽ͣס˲ӣƫȥݸ¥ʣһ·ġ
Էû
̽ҡͷ
˰ˣ³Կڷɣˣһؼҡ
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žһ࣬̽һ˦ڷϣִ򿪣ؿ
̱Ʋվߵߣʵҿû°ɣҼСЩɾԸȥǳ㡣
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һһƬţ⴬Ϻ֮󣬻ûܹί˲̱һѣû˵ģʲô˵˦ӣţ˳ȥ
̱εغǶû
Զˣ̽ε̾ãպ嵽һˡ˵㣬һôˣҶһ̵ֱء
ŤͷŵʣĸǾú׻ģ
տƬ̣ĸͷģСû׼ԡ
аɡ̱Ƴų̯̽֡
ֻ̱̽˻Σ̽ӻͳ̱
̱ʹ˲ָһ˭ȥУԨȥɡ
ԨԴһǿɶˣҪҼ֪ƤͱҪˡ
ߵűߣŵˣ൹ǶүθڣƢ̫ˣҿǸС۾ĺӵǲү˵˵ɡ
Ӧһȥˡ
̱ƻλߣ̽ǿһЩټߣ̱ƻȥ
̱﷢꣬һھơ
ûȥ̽󵭵ʣԭϲͰ
̱һھһûʣȫȥˡ


 36 

̽վ̱Ʊ󣬿ͷ۵¶һ˿Цȴû¶ţãӻأϰɡ
̱ӰϣŻͷ֪ΪʲôҴűȴ𣿡
̽۹ϣ̱ƵĶΪк㡣
ǡ̱ƽӵ̽ŤȥˣΪԭȲˡ
̽סӣָۺãŻ˻С
ʱ⴫˵߰ɣĥĥģ˹͡
һҡҲҡ˵Լ˳ܣء
봬ݻжξ룬ļ˶䶼飬⻰ЩЦá
һÿӣү˽ˡŵǰһƣ˳ȥ
СͷһԼһվڴ룬ܵλεţĻš½ǡ
Žʱ̱Ƹûע⵽վڸƻղĽҲѹ֣Ų֧Ǽ糺ɴ´ϣ˱˵·һ½Ƕ챻ˡ
ʲô̱ƾ͵
СǶһ£塭
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塣Ȼǵһαˣ仰Ǵͦ
ŶŶǰ̫Сˣ㼸仰̱Ƴ֡
̧ͷɿһֵۣͷȥȥ֣˵ϳÿǸһƣǸ·һɷСףһơ
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֧šǷشʱҲЩĻȴֻȻվţһΪʦ֪޲Զӡ
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촽䣬βűĳһ䣺Ƕ١
ǶٱӴſͻȻһضĻβתų䣬ʵˣСˡ
˵ӽǸӣżصĹ䣬ɫͷɢţ۽ɰһߺ졣һЦıˣ׾ģ仰ʹˣɨ˵ˣȥɣк
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زأԭҲԡ̱ƽӹƱ΢΢һڣϵң
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еģ̰ĽɫõġҵòСһѧյʱʹſˡǡô΢΢ü˵
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ʲôС񣿡̽ûˣͻȻڣ˾
̱ƻͷ£һۡ
ӳۣ̽ǰ¥иùʵĽ㣬ԶԶ˴һ֮󣬻ǺµģȦﴫȦȻϳ
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ӣʵʵһ񣺡װɣôűˣҲҵ̴ҡǺȷʵǴϴһӣѾˡȥĶҲ֪֮Իû˵ٽͷдҰһˣʵǹⲻȥ´δʱңһɤӵˡ
ʱ̱ƻΪҪ˵ĻĨˡڴ˰죬Ըգķòã˭
ѹɤӲɤӵģҶ֪˵ģǸӳʱ򣬿ЩŹֵ·ġ
ӲסЦʲôŹ֣ǴЩΪͷҲƲˣЩԶﴫ¶ôء
̱տԨһۣ֪Ѿˣ޹
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͸磬ǽЩ¶ǴϢǳɣԺ˭Ҳ˭㻹Žӣ߸ȥӵ͡ôѡ
ִ̽䣬ĴָƳн۰̧ţзȽ                        
лҪ˵л̷֪  ɴޒ СɰĽ~
  оо
  ŴңҪ޷쿪ˣרɿ˽ԤգǹŵϲԿϹ
һߡ
ʦɣţͿ޵ǳ
ʮ꣬ɽμӹAʧˡ
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ˡ
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ɽµת˺þãͦ취ôˡ
һ죬һһʱͻȻ֣Ť˫ֽǽϣݺݵأûҵҲҲҪá³֮Ҵ͸
šԼһ첲л˳ƵһֻĲӣЦЦģǿɲСϦദģҪ᲻ˣ˭˵ȥ
ǿǿٺٺٴ֡
˽Ԥո壬ϲղأϹ

 37 

տԨӱԶЩؿ˳̽һۡ
̱泯ӣûʲô飬ֻǶžյһڡ
˸һ˲һЦŶϣλǴҵӣ׵ӣѹǷ
ֻ̽һӣס˽źһ£ͷһ˲伸ֱֱָӵķ
ڴ϶꣬Щ棬ɫ˲Ұŵĺ˵ĺҲɿˡ
̱ư̧ףôȺǳƢá
һ亹ͷϵ̲סȥĨ۽ǵ챻仨ˣٿֻһƬǱ֮ɫ
̽аУֵšλȼ
ҧ촽ͻȻϥյǰֳŵϣϵıյײһƬǽ壬֧ӣյ̱ƶߡ
ԬԬȫǲģϵıյҲײ
ͻȻһ£ܴܵľһ㣬ӵЩվȺƽƽ̱Ƶ۾
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̽ӦһǮгһƱߵǰƱ
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̱ź֪ԭ̽ѾøԼˡ
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ԨſڣǶǶȥǶһϴϴ֬۵ζ
տҲûʲôĸ˾ôһ߻̱Ƹϡ
ſڣ̽ǰţɫȴͻȻһ䡣ӣ̱ƿϹŵı˵ͭ
̱̲ססͷˣµùˡ
ȻĸƿţһСӰһһ˳һֲָ̱Ƶıӱ㺰̣ƣ
̱һֶס䣬һְͷϣҧԼ˺ˣǸղŻҪҪȥ˵ء
ŭ˵ƨƾʲôһʼңտͺ¿ȥˣͰһ˼棡ҪǴȥңʲô֪ɵӻûԼԿףŽģϣ
̱ƻոչû뵽һͰˣһӣԼͬû˿͵͵˻ȥ
տ˫ֺʮЦüӷþò
ҧʮͺ¿鲻Ըز䵽ǰү
Ҳޱվ
𾢣ǣˣͷʹʹ죬浽˼ûǣ۰Ͱ͵š
̱ĥźҽȥĶû˵ɡ
տ˵ˡӺߺߣ
滭Ҳ˶ˣȥʲô˼飬ҡȥʣʹļף˵õģֹ˵ˣƾʲôôţȴһָ̽
Ҳ̱Դҵأɸ˿һߣӣŮװ粻ˣôȥ
֮ˮƽޣȥץ̱Ƶ̱һץסֻ֣߬ߣߣҲȥҺȿˮ
£ֻ̣һߣ̱ơ
̽˵ϲ裬̱ź󱭲ŻĨĨǣӪԬҡ
ƫͷһԬңҵĳСǰͷҲûãӦѾóˡԬүְߣЩѫ˼Ҷ󿴵
տڣ죬û˵Ԭɥ£
ûС̽ӿڵڽܣһЩҳүˣֻһСүɥ£ȫ޶
̱ƳüƬ֮󣬷˲豭дӣ취ȥ̽̽ɣ˵ĹڻǸӵģԬңǹ˼죬Ҫɥˡ

 38 

ǣ
峿ĵһŹʯ·棬ϵ麿ĸǽλͭ׵Űϡ
űƿһ죬ⱻƲȥ˱𴦣һ˴ССŷм˳һС˵Ĵ磬ļ˵ĽֵۣϣͷҴȥ
ûһֻ˳֣ͻȻǰ
̱ƻͷĳ̽Ц㿴㣬һʹߣ˵˰ɣ粻ɡ
תͷСˣһӣǼûأ㡣ߣҽȥ
С̧ͷͲòƽƽҲϸϸġ˺̱̽ϸɨһȦɵʲôˣ
̱¶Ȼı㲻ʶң𣿡
С˿̱ƣЩɡ
ġ̱ƶ˶ӣǰҸүһȾƵģҽȥү֪ˡ
СȴͻȻŲǰᶨ˫סҲ֪˭үû˵пţذɡ
̱ࡣղź໰ˣүǸȾƵİɡ
ǸСӣöԸ̱ưˣүѵύСˣ
Сչ˫ۣ촽˵Ҳá
̱Щͷۡ
ǰΪ취Ԭ뾡취෽֪λԬүΪ˼Ϊ͵ŷүݳ¶档ɣҲû˵ϲ黭ŷִһϼһ£־ûʲô˿ԬҵĿӡ
ȥ̱첻һʹų̽׼ǽ
˭ߵԬſڣӭײ˴˼Ҽˣɹƭһûɹ
ҪҪɴС˴ˣ̽ͻȻˣûпţҲӦȽȥͨûаⲻýĵǡģ˭ý
С֣ȴ˸
̱ƸϽ̽ƣ۾ɲءһЩְôִԺҲûʲô˳Ԭֳʲô°ɣ𿪣ҷǵýȥ˵ƿС˾Ҫߡ
С˼öţҲס鼱֮ȥק̱Ƶӣ̽һֱӽɨˣؿһۡ
ۿ̱ƾҪ̤С֣ҧҧ򣡡
ţ̱ͣ²ӣعͷ
Сһ᣺ôţΪүˣҼȥүУȻ͡
ѽ̱һ֣Цǿ̫ˣҸϡҾǴ͸үȥ
˵ţ̽Ѿƿˡ̱ƶ˶ӣ̤̽ţҲȥˡ
Сſڶ˻ӽţ
ˡ
ţ̱ƻܣԺеһͷǣ
ղְǴ¥ɢġʵʵĻҰܣ̱Ʒ·ƾۿϻڵϵĽ״࣬ƾʲôװζ޷ڣͶԺƺҪ֡
дһ󸯰ܵˮ̱űǼᡣϤеˮζǼŵˮһҪݽߵĸˮˮռ治̫СլӵĺԺ
С׷ˣ΢΢λүҴȥ˵̱ǰͷ·
̱̽һۣ̽΢΢סջС˵ıӰǸϣôźˣ
С˶˶٣үǰ˵Ҫľֹڸнڼöȣ˲ˣֻ˼ź򡣡
Ҫ˵Ҳôźˣⲻϸ£ⲻͲ𡣡̱ƿ˵ĻƣЩĲɡ
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һƫͷȴ̱ĳ̽Ӱӣɫ˲һ䣺ӣأ
̱ƾȻͷɲǣأղŻģȥˣ
ͷСЦ˼⺢еһҹ̫ܲˣ·ϿʲôȤģͱȥˡģͦԵģƻԼҹˡ
Сû̱ƾķɿȥˡ
̱ȥķ죺ôڲ趼ûء̤˻
Ѱ˼װΣһŲ̱תһȦûʲôѰġȻҲԼģߵˡ
Ҳʵ֡ε棬ƿŲŲ˶ûʲôء
Ҳǣ˭ڼ͵ĵطʲôذ̱վ֪ҿ϶õţߵ棬һܺ棬ȻһȺţҲû룬ֱƿ˳ȥ
ǵţǰӦþԺˡһ˴ˣ˼ҵԺʮԽ¡ԬҾطöȣǰԺûūͣ˵ùȥͨԺŴûţҲ͸ǰԺһǳһƬš
̱һ·ǹˮһԲţȻԤ֮еǸӡ
һǳӷԲȷʵС仹ȲϾأҲԶһ˼ɽˮĹģԵʢֻڵĳرڣЩطѾѣźһ̦̱߽ˣߵر¿ҲԼĪһɣֻˮѾˣݺ֦ɻسڳصףֻڳصĴǳǳһˮں̦޺С
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͵һͷһվųصףϧ˵
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ҡӣ̱ϵйһһܸ˵ӣô֪Ԭӣ
̱ЦЦԬ忡ڣȻҡ
ԬӺӣĿ˿ģЦʣȻôԺײˣûʲôҪ˵𣿡
̱һ̧ŶԺҲ֪Ԭ˵Ĳ·ˡ
ԬЦÿʮ·ЦգеԬ˳ʲôݣǸǰ룿
̱治ɫԬǱѣʫѣ񽻣û
Ԭӵ۾̱ƱñסϵıʱԬͻȻˬʵĴЦˣȤ
ޣǲȥһԬˣ̱ƤЦⲻЦ
ԬӲ˲۽Ц᣺ǵˣѾˡ
ֶһ˳ɡعͷ̱ЦţͶ˶·СӣҲ·ˣҴ㡣
żС˼ų̽ĸ첲ӻȵӰ˳̽ͷشţѪָһһΣڵϡ

 39 

̱Ƴ˵ڵϵѪһ̧ۣ·ײԬ˻죬·֪ײʲôϡûҺá
Ԭչȣµ̱ű飺û
ʲʶԬ˵Ҫ𣿡̱ǣһǡ
ѽԬ޽ǣſյı飬ⲽߵ̽ߣ°ͣѪ۵գһҲʲôҪﰡ֪Ͳôץˡ
̱Ʊ֣Ԭӵķʼ泯Ԭ˶Ԭ˵಻ʲôҪӵ˵ԬѾˣɹӿȥºܸء
Ԭһӿ˳̽ȫȻȸԾԶԶԣȻøˣһȥһۣ
˵Щɬһ㣬ͷһЦһͦ˼ãղŻأûйڣϧˡ
̱һЦ˸ƣһ۶û̽ķ
Ԭ֮ؿ˼ۣչһЦСˣҲϡ
̱ԬӼ粢磬ڳϡС˼ų̽׺ڶ˼֮󣬳Ĭظš
Էĵϸ˴˶Ըǰ棬խխϼ粢һֱۼഥȥһܵѣɢл
ʵ֮ǰԬӣһøУǺ񡣡̱Ŀ̫С·ͶµĹߣ˵
𡣡ԬƺⲢʮָȤЩĲɡ
涼˵ԬǫѷΪ˵͵ǸΪТ˳ĺӡ
ԬЦˣƳ̱һۣ˵Ҳǹң
˵ţߵһǰԬͣ˲ӣְϣ̱Ц˾ǰЩʲôԼۿͺˡ
Ŵ򿪡
նĺڰЯŨصѪӿż˳
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ģҴغܸɾΪһֱţζЩҽ򿪰ɣͺˡһ˵ţһתʲôֻش죬ȴͬʱ
ʶôһ֣̱΢΢һüë
Ԭʮָˣ΢΢죬վӵУչ˫ۣ̱˸õƣһԡ
ÿ֮󣬱Ĺ⾰¶̱ƵǰŴȫɷڵĹЩɵģԿУһһŮˣţŴţͷشŴǷ֮ˡ
̱żǶȥԬӺЩ٣ţ̱ơ
̱߽ˡڷ⿴ʱǵͷݵû˱㿴ˣǹŵġ
ϾûȵˣҪôء
Ƕ˵ӣ£նϡ°֪ȥһϰʯһڷ˱϶һض̶̵Ḻ̌˰ܣߵ棬˳ĽУӶ˱󾡸û룬һбǲڵϣ֧ǵ壬ʹǵͷһģ
ΣԬͷͼ̱Ƶı飬ҰҲ͸ˣȻ϶һصġ˵˰ɣҴغܸɾ
̱Կۣͷȷʵпڶ涼ܸɾԬԶ֣һֹ򡣡
ԬԹȻܸˣ۾ЦҾ֪϶
̱ƵԬӽŵ²˵Ҳ˼Ҿ֪㲻ˡ
̱ȴֻǣǣϸԼ°ڣմʬϵѪԬӵķŲԬҿ֮ʲôʣҲġԬӿóǸ鷳ˡ
ԬΪźƲƲ죺𰡣һϸءҪǲҲˣ
̱Ʋ᣺˼ҹ£ö졣ʵҴ˷ֻΪһ档
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̱һ֣ã֪ˡʵģȻԬӲ֪ҲûĻˣǱˡ
㿴ˡԬεЦһԲϾҪߣҲʣҷŲ㣿
ֱ̱ͷݣһЦɱߣҲǲУ޷Ǿ鷳һ㡣
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̱΢΢һü
ԬӽһЦ˵ĵΪһ嶼ǶòѹûǸ
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СԬӵߣĮĮȷʵʮƽ
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Ҫ£ȥϳ裬Ԭӣ
Ԭӡ˷֣ѽѾ֪ҲԬˣôµģ
̱΢΢һЦ㡣
ֵԬӡסƬ֮Цҡͷ߯ǳʣǸɡ
СӦһߵ֮ǰƿһ߰ص˳̱Ƴһۣ棬ż˵Ĳ֫ѪһƬ
ǰ˦ڵϣòǸĹӣŵ߲ʬЩơֻĶϿڴһƬǽ壬Ȼǻûüɾ
ԬӡƷȻЩ⣺Ūһ룬ͽǸСײˣʰȥˡ˵͸ϽҴʰһȥ㡣Ψһһڣ㿴žѽ
̱Цû뵽Ϊһͦġ
ԬЦЦи֣Ը⣬Խӡ
׷ǹʣУòô׽ĳƺ
ˣҲûôɣѲɣΪŵǸû
ֱ̱˵ڵϵĳ̽һ
ֵ˵˫մѪޱվŵ
Ǹָ񽣰㣬ֵЦӯӯվŵӣɱ˵ЩĿЦ㿴ʲôʵġ

 40 

һ£ͻȻĴЦֱЦŶӴ
ָҵġ˵һƤǽΪҲԸʵġ
ͻȻЦת֮죬̲סľ죺㻹ǣ׵ػԼأ̡ơ
гԼ֣̱û˿ȡԷȻ֪ˣô֪ԼҲûʲôֵġ
̱ƲмӶԣ׹֣ȴ̩̹ӣ΢΢üë
ţϾҪһʱһֻͻȻץס۵½ǡ
ȡȡ̽߬ס̱Ƶ½ǣҪֱȴֲܣͷصˤ£ɴɵѪ˳
̱һ££̽סĲ̧ߣͷԼꡭһ
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̱ƵͷԼϵİ߰ѪԳһЦֲȥ˳̽ѪǣԼ㣬ŪҶ·ˣ
µؿ˵̱̽ƻʹؿѪȴʹļ϶ͻȻۣӵһoĮȻֱųŪ
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̱ͬʱˡ
佣̱ƵķڵУ̶졣
̱Ƹڳ̽ؿڣ΢΢̽ʹĿ۾̱ų̽ͷط˵ϡ
Խͷָס˶̶һؽ⡣
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̱ɫһ䣬ֱ׷ȥ
һ佣ϣмڿУ̱ưӣһöסͷն佣üǱɨѿһӣһѪ۽ǡĳ̽һ֪ػ˯š
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ס죬鼫ţҲܲµ
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Ӳ۽ЦᣬҳȫӸʱһ㲻֪Ǹ飬ǺЦˡ
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۾
̱۾
ǰǳһԲռ񷡣̱ƵͷȥԼһɫıɴ£һɫĽʯϣ˫Źţ΢ĺˮβ˦˹Լ䡣
ĺˮ
̧̱ͷЩ֪ԼΪʲôϺ棬һ￴

̱ƻعͷȥ̽ͷӺˮ¸˦˦ϵˮˬʵЦŽ                        
лҪ˵˼ңһ㡣̫д˿޿ޡ
ļӸǷĩϰɡÿ10ܵʵǸϲ5555
ģҺð̬ҵİ
ұվ֤

 41 

̱̽ϵı飬һ㶣ôˣŽʯ˰Ȧ˫ֳӣϴһɫɴ£ʪյأ𤵽ֱ̱ȵأ̱Ƶֱۡ
̱קקӣȥȥȥҶŪʪˡ
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ڳ̽۾һЦ¶Żأá
֪Ϊʲô̱ƿǰͻȻ˵Ĺ졣һ㻹жۣ
ͷһ˰꣬ҵʱ꣬ҲʮˡǾǻвꡣô
̱ü죿Ϊ̫𣿼񵽳̽ʱҲʮģɱ߶ˡ̱ҡҡͷû˵ʲôü˵˾䣺Ե㡣
ԣ̽һۣͷӦһĴĺתһȦЦ컹ɣôҶһˣǰ˵õһ𣿻˭û
̱ƻعͷ˿ˮеˣһ£૵أûȵɡ
ɲ֪Ϊʲôǰ»Ǻ£绹Ǻ÷磬ĳ̽˵ŻˮеĴЦ׷šͷӿһɼѪҪסͷ˻ĳ嶯
ͷԼ˫֮䣬յأʲôûС׼̧ͷ
Ѫ¡
Ѫ֮£Ѫ
°ѪŨĺϰϣ£ͷģ߰˸ѪˣѪƺѾˣޱѪ
渡ںϣӱסֻ¶һֻǱ˺ҧûһ˿õƤ£µѪһɫֻһ˫۾ΪûƤֱֱգԵøŵʱ
ԶտҲŲ΢΢šɢͷЩͷѪˮʪһƬ˫ֺʮǰһѳĶԴ̶ġֻտϴһ˿˿Цһۿȥοı顣

ӦǴɣǰһţѪɫĺˮоȼŵģѪɫĻ档
ˡ
ڵϵ
̱ػع
Ԩ·ڵϣһϿ˿ڣһ̲ѪģһһΣӽʯ䵽
ţԹĽǶŤţڵϣ۾ûкһҪ׹׹ôǡ
̱̽ƣ˫شڵϣǹơ
̱ȰԼĽţһ
̽ͻȻһͻȻһѽϥǰĵϣǰԨմѪ־ٵǰعͷϻнȥѪ
ֻ֣̱ƣµĺһ֪أһ
̱˹ȥվģ̽ǹģһֻ̽ͷԼУꡭꡭû¡
̽ǵһ꣬¾ȫȫؿ̱ϡ
ꡭꡭ̱ıĿͶԶԶԶһƬ
׹̽סԼĲѪǻһ㣬ָݡ
̧ͷ̱ƣǧ仰Ѿ˵̱Ʊͷӣڵϡ
Ҳڳ߲̽£Ѫϣͷڳ̽ļϣһֻֻļš
Ϣ֮󣬳̽Ҳû˶
̱վܡѪɫٿɫ
ͷԼϵɫɴ¡֪Ϊʲôȴûմһ˿ѪɾƮݣһ˫Ҳһȥؿһ˿Ѫ
֮䣬ɫ֮£ʱ˿̣Ψһһɾˡ
̱Цһ£˫ס׹⣬߸ߵؾʹȥ
ں˵꣬۾ֻ̱վţûʲô顣ӼչΣ΢΢ţ̱Ƶ
һ룬ͻȻۣ³һڴƬѪʹסؿڣίٻڵϡ
̱գһۣɫ糣Թˣͦû˼ʲô򡣡
Ӳŵؿ̱ƣתͷʹѪˣôƵģ˰ɣһΣһΣһҪ
֧ǰ½ԼµѪ͸ˡĴʹǿֱӣٴα۾
ˡָֹ̱ƣһ۲ɼġ쫷һϯռ䣬̱Ƶͷ࣬Ʈš
ҲϲĻáΪͽ䣬Ĩˡ
ݶᡣ̬Щνһ㣬³֡

 42 

ҧȴŵģе׻סʹû
۾̱Ĭָǹ˲Ҫߵ׵ѹʧӰ١
ڵأտգ૵ţܵģⲻܵġ
ͷӣ۽׹һ᣺ӣҵûˡ
ӵıһЩϧۣЦţûϵû˾ûˡ
δεصԲ𣬹ӣҡ
ӵطôᣬôֶһ޶
һ̣صҵ˵ϡţԹĽǶŤţڵϣ۾ûкһҪ׹׹ôǡ
ԣק˲Լ֣û˾ûˣֲʲôһȥһˡ
˵ɿ֣ƮƮҡҡƽƽϡ
ʯ֮䣬ûеõȣһ󾢷𣬴ǰ˼ɡ
ӵıײΣ̱һֻŲݺݵǽϣ֮֮ϹŵҶ˼£Ļڶ˵ͷϡ
ֻץס̱Ƶ󣬾Ӹµؿ̱ƣһЦʺһƬ̱ưֶû£촽ֳȭӵ̫Ѩݺȥ
ڳֻͷϣֱ̱һȭ·۹Ƥпѵ΢졣ǽ淢˫̱Ƹ£̱֣šܿɻӴϢƷ絶ֱָҪһʱʧƣֻҶ㣬֧Ӧ
ת˲ʮУ̱ץӴϢļ϶šࡣӱ޿ɱܣһɳȥֱײԬϷϣʬײڵϹ˼Ȧ֧ͣһѪմѪ࣬ѹӵ̬Ȼ޴档
̱ƽϵ׹׽һ£ͳȥ
ΪѾǿ֮ĩû뵽֪ӣ졣̱һݣ׹ֶӵı׷ȥӱ˫Ŀһ㣬ôľ£ֱƫ׹⴩նϣûһࡣ
ѳ嵽һ̣ͷ˫Ŀ촭ϢţŻԲѵĳ̽
̱ƻ²ӣʮ֮ңĵطվסˡ
žѪʧ˹ӵģǴˡʱ˺ѪۣлЮʣһ㶼;ĩ·ȸԾģ·ֻڸЦ֣˵Ҳ̫Щ
̱Ʋÿɷķ˲ࡣ
ϷӦڳ̽ϵֽ˽ָ繳˲ʱѪ̽ڻзʹૡ
Ц𶯹ˣҶŵֵ²֪ˡ
̱üƬ̺һգŷڵɱ¾֮·һ˲վţӿڡ
ӿ̱ƣ촽ղŻҪɱأֻûɹѡôҽˣôʰء°ͳŵʬһ㡣
̱ûпڡ
Ӳ̱ǿиɻȴЦԶ׼ʱ߬ų̽˴ѵʱ䣬죺ʧߡ¹ֿܶܣû뵽ġ
бŷ˷ܣݶ᣿ǲƽһ˼˼ʮ깦򣬽ɽ˼ȥоһѿп޵ӵ͡ϸǿ̵˵𣿺ϲĨɱ̵ΪûƣСŲԲ̱ƣÿЦı飬˻γ̽Ĳӡ
̱ƳƬ̣ȫ
һʱûסˣţ
ȫΪһ˵һСβ˿ϵںеĻԶȥȥˮк̱ư̧۾ݶᣬˣʧȥΪ˵ʸ񡣡
绯ʯһס˺ܾãһĴϢų̽ţϡʡ૵ǵ򡭡ǵ򣡡
̧Ѫضס̱ƣв֪ǳԻǷ൶һ͸̱Ƶ½͸̱ƵƤѪ⣬̱Ƶȥ
̱Ǹûвķֻų̽ĲӵĶƽȵضš
ֲáֲáӵɿضţƬ̺󷢳ӥһЦ˲ⲫֲЩʲӵĹ򣡹ֲǳص޵еģɶȴȫôûհ׳˽㣡
ҰɡЦͻȻȻֹһ˸ͻȻбˣֳǸ׵ĹӣңҪʲôҶܸ㡣ϲǮϲˣϲ٣ƣõĶҶ㡣ЩѣͨͨߡŶų̽˻ΣϲҲ㣬㡣ңòãҡ֮Ҳûӵ㡣
̱ЦˡЦƦ̬µİ·ǰһУжֻۻմһƬ½ǡӵĺֵ
̱ƴЦ˵ȥ*ġ
ͻȻˡӣֱȥ
һЮų̽ˡû뵽᲻ܳ̽İΣֱӳҪʹĽ̽һǱ㳹ʧȥ̱ƵĻᡣ̰ܣʮֲãһ˲
һ˲֮䣬ؿͻȻһʹ
ע̱ϣʱͷȥ̽УְַţһѶУѾûĿڡ
ĿģĻ뿪壬Ʈ˸ߴص˲֮ǰ̱Ʒų̽ͷ῿Լꡭһ
ʱӣڴ£̽еĶ˳Ͳöһ촽ڳ̽ĶߣһЮ㣬𣿡
̽˵һ࣬ʹؿѪȴʹļ϶ͻȻϿȥƮڷӵĻһoĮȻֱųŪ
ӵһз֮һ꣬̽Ѿþеֱ̱ӻĻԡ
һвת˲֮䣬̱Ѿ嵽ǰĲţѪĿڴš̱̽ı۰
֮ң
ָ̱˳ȥ
ŴĿڰĶУǽЦ۾Ǻαۣһ˿ĹģѽԲ⵶̫ˣָŪ˰ɡ                        
лҪ˵Ժһǰ˵õļӸһĩŬģлСʹǵİ~Ϲ~

 43 

ָ̱ϿѪ۶ûգһ£·̤һָ֣ȥץ̽
ޱȣקų̽ţȫȻĿһӣýݵĳ̶ȣһʼҪǿĿȴȷʵиڶðѪ̽ļͷʪˡղеĴ㵱ݵúܺãԼ⣬ؿЦţˣɡ
˵ʱѾ˵ſڣһںӰˣһɫѪ䵶վһܲ͸ǽӳ̱֮̽䡣
ѧ̱ƵӣеĶУ䣬ǰһ˵ͷ
ǿͷڵϣʣµȻأºͣ׻׻̵˵ֻҪҲУ㲻ǼջˡľԴ֪ͨǶԴʲôã
˼Լͬת˲һ˿ӦûУͷѵӦǡ
Ӹ˷죬̱ƣЦˣǣֻɨլ͸ˣ©֮ģû뵽ȺõʱóǾȫүһ
𵶣󷨣̱ƱΧм䣬ֻܿѵտ°ڡ
ЦǺǵؿţһڣüĿ续Ů֪ӺδԾһӹеĳ̽һóˮΪӾѪ۵·
ӹϣĿڴȷʵһխխĵڣз治󣬿ĿУѪȴѾһСһСɵðš
ˣĿеҲ֮ˡ̱нۣɻǲԸ˶֮䣬ݶٿ˾ȥ
ӽӹŮӣĿϣŮŴµ·вЦЦأƳ̱һۡ
ûáݶϣҲֺԶߵĶ
źµŮſڵϣ֧ӣӲıԼѥӣ̱ƣæҾˡ
ֱŮߵһԣ֣ղִҶġصţͣ㡢࣬׼׼㰮Եġתȥĳ̽ǵԵ֣ء
Ůתų̽ȥһ쿪֣һö׹ӵţӳŽչ⣬ÿ
ɺϹ̱꣬ƶϤغܡٶˣտЦϣϣԻøտġ
ö׹ӣԼ䡣
һ֣ö׹ԾġʮֺãŲ֪Сţʧ̱Ƶ
̱һճǿĺ֮䣬ܵĿռԽԽСأһںΧһܲ͸ȦҲһ˿ɫ°ڵӰӡ
һʱ֮
һ˫ƿԬĴš
ٱܵĽŲ뼱ٵĴϢ֯ţԬĻ԰վ˫ڿһһᶨȥ
̱һϵȣŰͷ͵͵شšϵ¼ѪɫұѪסʪյشǰǽڡϡϣýȥѪۣʮˣȫ޶ڷ
ƤܸܵǰĹⱻס̱ƣƤˣôû
˵ǰͷһ飬ͫʣȥĲ˿ڣģҵֲôáģҽһοţû˿ҡ
̱ưס֣أ
ȹ˺һ鲼̱ƵĶָҺͷԶϾ͵ˡѶ˵Ҫǿûܡ
̱ƵͷǸȣվ˲ӣÿһڵһѪӡЩ·ģҪôʧѪ࣬Ҫô˸ֻȡأڹٸ֮ǰм䶼հɡɰ׳Ҳ޷˰׳գԺ˵ɾЩ
ﱳԭûж̱ϾҪ̤ŵʱſڣ̽أ
̱ƷſϣڵӰһһ룬ڸͦıϣγμĽޡ̧ͷֱ̫۾չһ½ǣƬ̣һ䣺ҪտԨ𡣾˵Ҵų̽ɽɷȥˣٻ
߬ȭͷָݽ̱ƣͷſǻ󺰡
Ϊǵػűˣϼϼﳯ˵ıӰ޽ţܹˣҸܹˣܹЩ£ܹ龫ȴһֶ˵
ȥ˷һ̱ƣִţҧ̱Ƶ½󣺡ͲˣͲٶÿ˸ˣ㱻նβۣǸزȥķˣΪʲôܿǣΪʲôһʵʱ򣬾ϴѶң
ק̱Ƶ½󣬻ȥ̱Ƶȣ˺һ
̱Ƶ½קɢˣ¶߲һƬ࣬鲼Żաݺۣ࿴Եɵ˺ۣûһ̺Ű̺ۣªءأһƬ
ЩΣԼ½ԼʹͷҲ˵ɷôݰɡ
ţпҭ˵ѹɤҪڣ̱ƶͻȻһס졣
Ƕ
ʹſޣͷ
̱ƲһЮ£ŷܵӰӣƵ˷棺ѥӸ嵶ģǹõˣʱ䱨ˡ
챻ţ˵˭
̱Ƶͷ˰̾˿ӣµˡ
ɫߣ֡
̱ѹŲߵǽȥԼҲȥû뵽ô죬լﻹкöණû̽أֻ취ˡ
ͻȻ߬ס֣ûأͷЩô죿
̱ƳƬ̣ǶһʿڹٸҲʲô˵ġһⶼ㵽ˣûһᡣ
нŲˣ̱ƸǽϢš
̤Ǽһǵʵ˵¼ˣǿɤӣΡΡţͷ⡭
ĽŲӱÿ˵ǲģġġԬүжپʬ塭Żµ
Ȼ˺˻ţ
Ҳţ
Ĵжٻŵˣ
ţ
ˣʶ˭Щ·ʲôˣ˭ģʲôոʲôˣ̶ˣ
ҲڴѪҲ̶ˣ
̱һۣǽͷȥ
Ѿˡһʮֶ졣
̱ƶ˶٣η侲˵ҷڿǻƤϣͷһƣȥժҲƣ׷ѹˣѺ˵ֱӰʬ屨ɡ
ӵʬ塭һ̧ȥҸСҦʦһ

 44 

̱Ƹһۡ

Ⱥ˲֪ͬʲôܣԲܷμηߣ
̱ҧ´Σ˸ƣ䣬˵ͷɫ£һˣ׼
ſڴһһͷҷԺɫԺ̽ͷ̽Ե￴
һӵԲ۾̱Ҫȥ̱ס찴סˣҧʣû˵ٷҪߣ
ηȥüܵĲͷһǸԺİС
Ϊ׵һǰŵʣʲôˣ⸮ϵ𣿡
ҡͷǣǼҹ
ҹܽģʻ˼ɫƽ񾭹ƽٵӣ֣ŵأشŵ˸ʲôԵģôаܽˣ
ҹʲôˣ⸮ˣʲôʱģʲô
ҼҹǸÿˣ˵Ҫ⸮һǰģʲôû˵
⣬СһΣʲôˣʲôû𵽵ϣ˭òÿˣ
С⣬ˡ˸ӣתߡ
ȵȡη˰ΣʱгȷԸǸ죺ȥɻɡ°ͣıӰλƺЩ죿𣿡
عͷǹ˵ˣ˵ֻĶǻˣ
ηҭһ£Ƭ̣ԼЦһǴɣ˾úС
ޱ飺ǹ˵ˣ˵仰ڱ˵ҳ󡣡
ηЦҡͷǹǸȤˣлỹġֻȷ˵ľԬ
һȷҲܲҡȥҡ
ηСı飬Ҳǡôعһ˿ݣҲˣЩ飬ҹĻ¡׶༪١
ϵ̱ͬʱһޣ衣
˸һʱ䣺Ҳ˵׼Ҫҿһͷ
ηλ˸ƣſڿܽȥ
ߵſڣס˱ӣСüͷţſһһڲææµµȥֵؿۡ
һСعͷûб飬ûʲôöˣúºõģûҼҹҾߣǹȥˡ
̱طס˶ͷѹɤӣǣҾΪٸŰ㣬ЩĶЩʲô
Ųһԣزҿ
ۿżη翴ıЩ̽Ѱ̱ҲȲȥˣŷߣ׼
ӰͻȻһקһһһ˷ϥǴ˺ðȥңҳʩ
һЩǰ̣קקͬӣʦ񡭡̫ԡ
տ̧ͷͷ׺˺飬Ϊ̫ܵ۽Ǹնţ촽Ϊ󣬱ޣĨ֬һмСشסˡ
տҲǰƣɿקԨӵ֣ηԵ۵С۰죬˫ֺʮһ䣺ӷ𡭡
̱ڷֱҡҡ׹һͷˤȥײ
ǸСˣŶͷ˾η棬ӲͷƤ˾ģ⼸ŵ˲ɣôһһģûˣӶط˽ȥҪûҷɣ
տʮʵϣӷλүҽʱûſŰ
η翴Եһۣ治ɫСͷʾ⣺Լȥڽˡ
Сֵܣŵ·տԨʱ򣬺ݺݵһۡ
ηȶտһ񣺡λʦʱɲδ
Ұ£Сտһһõɮӡ
Ŷλֵأη۾תԨϡ
Ԩǰ뼾ηŹ֪жôѲ֪ԼѾļĨȥˣﻹЩûף˵ЩİҡǸ
λҵ׼ҵӣСտЦŰѻ˹
η羹û׷ǲ֪ʦ˴ʲô
տɴüֻЦתΪȫȻһɱ֮ɫ䣬ƺʹĵˮϾҪ۽׹䣺;˴쵽Ѫɫ졣ԩУ֪˴٣֪滹ûҴˣвֲܣΪһ̽
ʦøεηƼٵ֣ʦһûҴˣȫˣûڡ
̾̾Ҵ棬ԩųȡǰ֪ٸѾǰ참ðˡȹүڴ˼±ϣҶúһ£ˣȸˡ
˵ֹһתߣԨֽŷظţûӭͷײȥ̽鷵죬տˢˢγ
Ϊ׵۾տ϶Լη˵ţͷſڵˣ΢ңûˡ
η˼һֿۣտıӰʦ⣬һ
η˷Ըɢȥҡǽʱ䶼ûж೤˻ʬ壬زԶĵطȥϸңĴʣҵġҵ֮ǰ˭լӣ°ɡ
տԨǰλεĵ棬űعǿſŵ
ûʲôӦڵĴȦ˸ɾ̨ףСַϥ°ͣ
ｹǵؿָ֨֨ף̱ƳһۣһѴ֣𼱡Ѿˣ˵ʱ䷴Ǻ¡ϵϣжҲЩ
лǽ꣬ʱҲûʲôİ취ֻܵͷ̱ƣôˣ
̱Ƶͷۣۣأû£Ȱɡ£Ψеˡ
ûȵϡ
æһš˶Ӷˣÿһһһ¾¶ң˲ʱѪ޿ɾȡҲвŽǿеĶ̽ǲ֪ܹʲôѵʹǻߣҲҧţ̲뾡취ҲŪ
йֻһһʬ壬Ҳ̾۹֮ǲҪ׷
η참ϰԼ֮̽ǰ˶ֳֻһȥ˱𴦣Ĵ¡еش½½طʮ͸˵ʬ塣
ηȴżڷſڣʱǼȥ˵Сˡ
Ϊ׵Ǹǰ˼ηһۣЩ״Կڡ
˵η絭ġ
Сȥ˼Ȧм̯ˣˣ˵ûʲôԼڽϵġ
ηûʲô飬С˿ĭ˵ǰ˵ķ˹ȥһھƹݺȾƣһ˼ӡȥǣɫԺģ˵ǵý첻ֵ
ηû飬һۣѾͷʲôûڷ
СɿƳһۼηı飺ͷְصģֵܼҿԵǡǡ
տͻȻվɮһ˦üĿһݣͷӳһȦչ⣬ǽŭĿ̬֮ϺȵǶ                        
лҪ˵̱ƣԶѲҺۡ

 45 

С챻ȽһŵһӦŲӰγͺ¿ʲô
һֵܼԼŭĺʣźʽ첻ǲֵʱһã֪ϦϦı飬С챳һë˳ɺҩҲЧ˵׼ɡû׼ǡ
տŭĿԲԭתȦָſƿڴҸղ·ʱ쵽ˣǶϢ˶ʲô£ǻ׵ذԹ˵壬֪Ҫֳʲôү˵⴦ˣ͸Ͻ߰ɣȻҲѱôƽ
һ˵ʹļףȭȭ£쿴ͷĿգĪһɺ˳ż׷ȥżη硣
ηŸݹЦǺǿտݣʱ˲ݹվߵտǰͷʦ·ͷ
ӷ𣬼ʩʱִ٣һʱ֮̽ʲô˳Ұ㰸ϸϸ̽飬ӦܲЩͷ
Ŷηų۽еʲô֪ϣԱأ
տͷһ˿⣺ӷ𣬼ʩûԴĻӦԬġ
Ŷ֮Сηͷճ̣
ݶϣ̱ץס֣ؽҧʣʲôز
ҧ촽ǻȥѵչҲˡ⿴õĲСԺܿһʮˣỹǸηڡϴιǶһչ㼸ĵѰ屶Σвͨġ
Ժ룬տżη⣬ţʲô
ճ𣿡ηƫͷȥտһɻ󲻽ӣŴʦʱ򣬵һ仰ȥҳʩһΪʦ˵ĶճءȻǣǴʦ˵ĳʩ˭
տ˫ֺʮǸǸ˰죬һŶĺԲһѧϱʵû¹Сͯﻹаõɮӡܼ쿴տӣ໥ۣǹɹ֮ȥȥտԽԽɮ
ԱߵԨ˺ü죬°ͶˣҲû˵ʲôǳף̨϶ҲûȫǰһеϷˡ
ηڵһտʵ˵ҲȥǿͷһᣬżᲶ˵ʲôĻǵۼŰɡڿŵӦҲͻһûʲô¡˼ʧҵĶϲûСҲ֪ġ
˵ûɣ̴ҡηտЦţ¶һȴǺһɵš
ڳĲտԨˣȴˢˢرɫ
̱ư˰ͷ̾һΧǽſŰɡôһû¶棬ҪȻǶ˶ңƵһˡ
˰Σ̱ƴŵķ߽ԺУɫЩŹ֣·ߵҲȻʱʱڿڣ
¶СҪˣܲ˾ͰεȴԵļη磬ʮȵغˣŰѵջȥˡ
̴ңɵȵˡֱΧǽͷˣαͷҪլϰȦ
̱ҧվǰȰԼ˰Ƭ̣ɵǷ׷ƲԴҸԼӣŽӼηĻһ̧°ͣɫưˣ˵Щû˼Ļ˷ʱˡżɽɡҪ󣬵һ峡ڡ
Сˣְѵ˳ҪǳǰһȴԼͷʮֺƢأû⣬ھͰ졣
˵ͷҲûأԸˣǵĻ϶ˣûˣһϸϸز飬ȱţȥȾưɣʶдͷϣڵʱŵѳʬˡ
С컹ţͷǹء
ηûûҲû̱ƶߣжšԱ쳷ߣ˳קСһѣѹɤӣ߰ɣ참ĹزĹأûԹͷ
С컹˵ʲô鲻Ըرקһˡ
ʱԺ㳹׾տԨվ̱ټԬԺӵʬ壬ֻʣ¼ηһˡ
ȴһ㿴ŲŸ첲ض̱ƣ̱ʵڷ̲꣬ס𣺡ʲô
ηĦ°ͣʵ˵û뵽ôܰթ
̱Цһô˵Ǿ䡮˼ʧҵĶϲûСʵûаգֻ˵թҵģһףݶˣûҪɡ
ǵǡη̹ϣָ˵ԼüģԼӣûбֽţһǷֵ˵ġ
ܡû̱˵ȿˣԲûܲ
η´һЦ̱ƣλˣôģ
̱촽˰Σ˵Բס㡭
£۾ɫһ㣬Ϣ̿żηϯȥ
Ĭ˰Σηգ۾һĲ˼飺ү㲻Ϊ֪Լļ俿ס£һϴһ޷ɣ
̱ƣ
ηת˵ʱ㲻ǵȵ峡֮жģƵģ
̱ɤӣ㱾µǲСܻסıʲôŪģ
ηһЦ޲¥£ʲôϡı㲻̴ҲΪ£֪ˡ
̱Ʋû뵽ηѲزթûթ˼Ұ׳룬ʮŭת˸ͷȻϣҲЩˡҵĵڶҪ󡭡
η̱ƣȵȵȡһҪ峡ˡҸռһͷŹƽɡҲ⣬Ҫ̴ҡ̴ҪǲԸشҲͲؽҪˡ
̱۾ЦָȦ˵ԼԵˣĶһŵءͲģֱĿڣ
ηεط˸ۣƲλˡֱˣ̴أһᡣмõϵģ²ֻһССҲûˣʣµټϷϻſŵǸҪһܴùңֻͲϻ˰ɡ
տԨзſŵѵصͷ
Ʊǿ̱ٶûΪǮ¶ЭʱҲֻ̾һ˵һʰɡ
ұĵļ䣬ʲô
£ҷĳꡣ̱һ˿ԥޣɿظ˴𰸡
ǣηЦһ̴ˡ
ôˣ̱һί
ҽҸŵʱδʱһ̣ʱȴʱһȥ֮ӰǷһǵ̸ɲôԣʱ䣬Բϡмһʱʱ䣬ǿȱġܲƲ⣬ҵļ仹Ĩȥһʱأ
ҵƷòѧ̸ᣬʱ÷ɿɡ̱治ɫ˵Ҳ棬ô׷ᣬѵûʹǳں뷨

 46 

ηָţ˳Լ죬žú˳Щ
һתۣǸôСѾͷҲŤͷʮѰζ̽ѰԼ
η糤һѹͷƴȫԼ˼ά̱¿ӦԷʽܡ
Ҳˣ㲻ţû취Խǲֵˣ̱ϸϸżηı顣
ηбһۣ˵
ͷǸӵʬңҪߡ
ηʮָɴЦ̴ǲ
̱֪ôף֪Ϊ㣬Ҫ㻻
η̱е棬ɫҲԼĲǾʬҲֻһƼˣ̴֪ǽ㣬ᵣ϶鷳𣿡
֪㣬Ҫʲô̱ѭѭյ
ηʮֿһ㿼һСҦһʬ壬ۿʲô𡣼֮ԽʬߣҾʡ
С̱ն
ǲСҦԼ顣
С
ηѿЦˣ֪ˡʬһ۾ܷĵط㲻Ը˿ʲôأǺӵʬЩ˵ʬʲôͬģ
̱رţû
η縧°ͣԹԵطţ˿һϳԴ֣ᡣղŴҴҿһۣǺǾǴģûƬѪʲôĴλָĳ֯ĻûҪҪʬ壬ֻҪǿƤ˾ˡֻ뵽ֿˡһ屾һܣ屻ʲôֽţҩ߶һܡ
̱Ծżη磬˵лÿɷֻǲڿָᶯ¡
˵ġڵһμʱ򣬾ӦɱֻڣѾ̫ˡ
̱ƵͷĬһٿڣһû߼ľԪ꣬໱ʬ꣬ţԪԪ꣬иʸʬԪӾ꣬ʮͷʬԪ꣬øԷٰ
һһ˵Щ޹ľӣȼη黹Щɻ󣬿ţ̱ƿбʱ䣬ԽԽηɫҲԽԽء
н꣬־ƹ۸సԬŰ̱˵ͣżηĻ
ЩǽʮݸδƻӡӼηĳݷм̴䣬֪ĵһ
̱ʼ磺δƻ񣬶ǺͷȫɡԬҲԣһġôʬңҰЩӵ㡣
ηսҧţǱƵ±ϵǣضס̱ƣʲôʱץᷴҧһ
һļ̱Ȼذ˰֡
̱ưкһԨʾһ£ԨӼηƹƬ̣ʬ廳˳
Ԩʵ׳˶ȣĻУôССһţϸ
ηע⵽ڳˣ̱֮⣬Ԩжʹɫû죬һĻˡ
Ԩվص̱󣬼ηƬ̣ſڣ룬Щˡ
ԨϽʬ§Щ΢΢£סηš
ʲô̱ЦЦĳ
ҵڶ⣬Ҫ̴ƹݰͽԬʲôϵ̴ұҪشҵġ̴ϾҪ֪ѶϢӲãڲȻЩˡ
̱ЦЦҲǫˡ֪ҵĻһ𣬵ǲһġɽĻȴң˵ġ𣿡
ηƤЦȻͲʵġ̴һ⡣
̱ƿһۣ𰸣
ηǲȻ˵
ӡ̱ưؿת飬ĬĬţӣȥ֣йصһС桢ҵڻϵķһеһУܳϹϵģһȷӣƹݰԬġ
ֻǼη磬ʣµļҲǵһ̱ᵽȫϢ񾲾š
̱ȴûм˵ȥ
һ֣ηƬ̣ü
׷ô꣬ܵõģŲֻһ̱֡ҡͷЦ
˵ȷӣۼģ
ҾլϵԬһԼˣɱġӡԭ£ɱˡЩˣ˵ġ̱ԼҲûܻ䣺֪ʲôҿȫòοֻĿ¶ҵˡҼӦǼٵġ
ôôɣ̴ʶԬүʲôģ
Ϊ̱ƻһָκϵ滭ȥʣ⺢泪졣Ҳˣ⺢ǡǼˣΪһЩܵϴ˼죬ָԬˡһ·׷Ϊģû뵽ײӵ¡
˵棬ηֻǿһۣȥ
أΪҪɱԬ£
֪̱ҡͷҾãǱѣǳͽ䡣Ԭүп¼ĹϵԬү֪ôԴԬүֲ𡣡
ƹأҲۼģ
ǣǰҲ֪СΪαɱ𴦲ֱ죬׿ڸңǼҲġ̱ƻȥǰᵽ㣬ָŵö׹ӡ
ΪʲôҪ㣿ѵⲻǺصӣ
֪ʲôйҲƲ⡣
ɱСĶܲµһ𣿡
̱ԥһ£ҡҡͷû˵ʲô
ηû⣬֮ĬƬ̡
йġΨһ֪Ĺ㡣ӣʲôϵأ̴ңη粻̱ƿ͸еĹȴ󷽷ذǳԵɵ׵ԼǰЩɡ
̱Цһ£뼾ģǰӵ뵽˵ˡҸĹϵ˵ʵҲһͷˮǷҪһ𰸣ǾǳаɣС
ηû˵ʲôԵ˵ͷ̴Ҵ˷г⣬ҵȷһţ̴ҵĵҪʲô
̱̽ƿżη۾³
ǸúףܺõĺӣηԺе̽ԼʱŽҧأɫôˣ
̱Ʋ𼾳ηĻԹԵ˵ţҪ㡣
Ҫ֣Ҫ鵽ĹӵжҪСҦӵĹϵҪ޲¥Ҫ浽Ϊ֡
Ҫңѳ̽

 47 

տ̤ǰһץס̱Ƶĸ첲ơôͷһûʲôʩֽ̱Ƶ֡
̱ƿüĽţס̱ƵֽЩ̱ܲĳ̶ȣҡҡͷ
η籧Ÿ첲ϵı̽Ѱ֮䣬û˵
̱ƿտ۾ؽקֻ﷢ѶôõϢģ
տɫһɫҰ̱ƾôصڡտ£
иУ̽ĵǡ֡
տѵ³ԨǱտģ·ϲûüտ˵ʲôʱһ𣬴㵵̧ͷд˽ơη֣¶Щȵı
֮УΨ̱ûʲô飬º͵տ֣ԣûʱȥˡ
˵ת򼾳η磺ô
ηϸֱϵı飺̴˵ģĶ֪޼ҪȻҲôһˣҪ
ֻϳ̴Ҫģӵͦ޲¥˵󲻾ģǻλҲáҺܺ棬̴֪Ҵʲô
̱ưտ֣عͷżη磬ġ
ηһӦЦɲ֪ΪʲôûЦң˵Ц˰ɡ
ʮ꣬ʹҲأЦô޲¥Ȥ𣿡̱˵š
ԬĴţ̱Ƽ˳Ĭһ
̱Ƶʹ̣ͷĺǿţ߳ʲôͷԨҪҸţ
˵ʬ壬Ԩڻ
Ԩͷ˿԰ۣ˯һȻһʬڽϴҡȷʵãԨ뽫ҡҡͷˣûѪۣ˯ˣۡ
̱ƳĬƬ̣˵ͷû˵ʲô
߳ȥһΣ̲ס˿ڣηֵܴᷢġ
˰죬˿ڣҲؽӵóӣ̫ļ̫ˡô꣬㻹û嶼ЩʲôԷ٣Լģ
տԨĬš
̱ƿû˵µĲҲûͣϸԼ˵ѪܵеԼֻЩؼңȥ
̱ƣվסˣԭأ괭ۿ
ֻ̱Ҳͣ£̧ͷ³һͷεǲ룬ǻʲôܸĶ
٣ҵĻҲ͵ˣһԻҲ͵ǡȿֺػӺҵĨţ죬ӻгһǰϵᡣ
Լ˵ȥˡϰô꣬СѲ̱Ƶıӻָһؿسһ֮أֱõóֵģҲ޷ǿӭиߵϲãЩǮ
Ķ޲¥ʲôôҲǲ֪
տԨ۽Ƕˣнסȭͷ
ǵˣﰧĿΧȵСһСһ޵ôģź뼸η忴
ֻûһǰ
޵óţԼԼЩߡüûñҲûؼһкóһ·Ҳһ·һ߿ţһߴһССذǸذúܺÿ׺űʯϻ˩ӣ׺һöļ׹ӣʮ־ɣһŮӵĶ
ĨĨϵᣬذ׳ϻȥ˫־Ӹ°ʹŽѪ
һֻס
̱ƵָûãʱץסĵۣŪˡ
ۿɫЩ
Ūˡ̱ƽذ״ӣϣӽԺ󣬶Ūˡ
˵֣תˡ
ﻹԭأǰذ״У̱Ƶķʵʵһͷվ֮رһ¡
տԨһۣжЩ˵Ķտͷ˱Ҳ̱ƵĽŲ
ߴ߿֮·˱㶼ȥСи׵Ĺӣ߿ǰοοŻ˵С
ǰ滨˴סˣõĿһֶ˵һϸһ㺹뿪˵ֻԲλ֧࣬ʲôҲ˵һ㣬һָȥ
ָûдκζͷһᣬһͷ˵ϣˤˣѡȥͷһƬĶָһһƬǶڷ
´һٵһ㡣̱ƵԶش˹
Ҳһѹһûиˣȹǣ̱׷ȥ
ǹһۣлذװ˻ȥҲ׷ܿˡ
ӷŷ٣ɵһ㣬ؿǰֵֹ˵ıӰôгɱŹ⣬ȴҪһߵһȥ
η籧ŽԬ԰ȵķϣӡϵŵĻƱϦϣǳǳ۾˯ˡ
һԬǰͣŵѳϰʬ塣ԬǰҲΧΧ۵·ˣ̧ʬļӽöˣ̧ڻû̧꣬ѹֲסĵ˷ܣſڳµšȡ˽ѵſˣŵס˴š
Сſָţò࣬ԶԶؿ˼ηһۣһҧһţǰ
Сš
ţηӳûۡ
ͣˣһȦ
ˣ£ҷġηŲһƨɣ
ˡȸ˷ܻˡСԥԥǿ˿ڣֻǼأ
ˣη۾ƳһۣŶǼ˰İգ䣬ûʲô⣬ˡ
С߬߬Լ½ǣŶǣһСʬ塭
ηӷϵĻңһŶˡ£һǵһдڰϡ
ʲôС㶵ġ
Ǽ֮ǻûұǷвʬ壬ʱͻȻһ˳ҲǸСʬܡûҲû׷ϣôˡη簴˰Сļ򣺡ˣ
Сȫ֪ηӦɵɵˣͷᡣ
Ŷˣη߳ȥֻعͷ˰˳ҲǱֶ֡β̣׼񣬵ΪȻʬҵҵš
ӡ֪ĸģ¹ĸˣմߵĶѰɡҲû˿ݹãҪˡηЦ˵

 48 

Ҧڱϵ̼ͷһߺʬϵ·ϻŵأҪǰ̽ηĶͷ磬ǽҩɣ
η硰žذִ򿪣ȥȥȥűҩأ಻డԼﻹһƹϣڰһʬĳϣŽſţҾ㣬Ǳߣûаգ
Ҹ˵أ㻹ҴӦҶһûҸˣôæ췽ҹ̷¡
Ҧ𳤸ЩͦοˣȻݵģ뼾η˵Ҳǰ˲٣ǲʲôı㣿ҪȻһ䳤Ͱ㻣סˣҿɲš
æҲã֣вĵģƹϵζԵøºţηֿڡ
ʲôõģÿŹ۵ˣѣ˭ûû˵һš㲻ߥңҸŲֹأȥᣬ߳Źء
˵ֻǳϡˣأηҦȻָеûأҿҿţƤӵ£ѿһ㳤ġ
Ҧĵॡһ˵ϣηǰһڣĻƹûȵ˵ϣȡ֮ģҦһ˫ֽסģ㿴ģۿģ˵Ĺͷۿɼٶϣ
η类ȼŵȳһԵص˵ͷ
Ҧһ֣˷ܵԭܡܵġҪǿܡô£ʲôô˵ģ
η۾Ҧת˵Լһҩϣ˲Ѿٶˡ
أҦţʲôҩ˭ģ˵ϸڰ
û˵ʲôϸڰηͷϺ꣬ûɣĻʲôϸڡǣ˵ģôôＱҶûء
ôܲҦ˰ѵָ⣬ΣյĹ⣬촽ܲޣھͰȲˣҵð⣬оס
ߵſڵʱ̱ͻȻ䣬˸ӡ
ԼҴţƬ̣ͷտأ
տĬƬ̣棬Ҳڽ
ȥ˰ɡҲãʰʰϣ̫ŵҲ㲻̱̾˿úø˵ɡ
ϹŻͭԿ׶ǳ̽šߵǰϵʨͷĬһʹһƽ顣
ͷڵϷˡһ죬ƿȥһԭŷſĶĽűߡ
̱ƸǸ
һö׹ӡЩңʲô̱ʧѪ٣ǰЩΣǰ׹õǰ
ϸ֮£ŷ׹ӵĻ֮ңΪһϸϸѷ죬ƴճˣ϶ǳСϸֲˡĻȴģߣͬʵأͬİƴġ
ߵͼɭɭĵ̱Ҳòɼ̽Ҫãִû˵ʲôֻǵõ죬ȥͦˡ
ұǰβֵĽ㣬ȡǽõ˼ռ񵽴ʱС˯ʱѾ֪ˣܳ˯Сһ̱Ц̰ƵС㣬Ըѡ
̱ţԺ׹ӱճϴѹѿˣѵ̱ƵѪ½͸Ĳһεδڵϡ
رϣһСƬѪرߵˮ紵ţͣصѪţЮ׵ˮ
̱վڳرߣմѪ׹Ƭ˵ϣ۾
տһҲڴʱ˹ϵѪɫһ䣬̲סӺз˾ָϽס죬򾲾ŵ̱ơ
һڣ̱ۣһֱֱصˮ
̱ơ˽Ծǰһˣȴ˸գؿ̱Ƶˮֻֻʵĺھʢű̿յˮϡ

 49 

ĴУºϤ޴ˮ˷ذ̱ƣӤһ£ڻ̱ˮаسصƬŨصɫˮ֮ԽԽԶܸܵϴ˿˿ů⡣صΥļһ̱Ʊ۾Ҫ̾
һ̣ˮȡϢȸԾżĿڱС̱Ƶϣ֪Լںηġҵľ㵣ʹɫЩʱżҪϢѾЩˣſȳЩһ뿪壬ȲسˮȥҪɡ
̱ƲԾأЩͽ͵ȥָ⽻㣬һ£ͻȻһԼĿġ
طתӣǿҪըؿڰϢУ˰ƤҪѿһţסˮб۾
Ѫڽ׵Уʲô̱ۣǰһϸ緢˿ĺߣˮᵴţڰ׵ĳصס
̱ЩɬزˮǸߵľͷȥ
Ϸˮˮ̱ƵĶ죬УҲȥܡˮ洫ĹԽԽԶ彥ҹһŨڵˮΧǰȴģһƻˮߣ֣̱ġĵطǱȥ
̱ٴοȳһݣζֽѾʼѵǰˮȴںˡˮԼۣ΢һЩǰ磬ָ
һѧ·ĺӣͽ͵ֽţָͽ͵ҪץסǸ޵ĺߡ
ˣˣˡȥҧԼ˵ţǰѾ˸ĺڰߡ
Լ⾵صĳرߣ̽Ƶˮǲô¹ˮԼų̽̾˵ȻһˮСޣٵʱǧߵԨͬţ˭ε졣
ԭ֮ԼôҲһֱˮ
³еһǰһ㳹ݽ
ƯŵĻͻȻصҽ̱ƼХŵһȻ۾Ȼ㿪ʼ˾춯صĿȡ
ԵԨҲʪ͸̱ԣشڴ˶Χ̱ߣҲʪġ
տ̱ԣ˫ס̱Ƶ˺ܴľѨ̱Ҫȳӣϵ飬˵ʹϧǲֻ̣ȫԼϺͿˣ
̱ƿƽЦһ£һʱļ
ſһԣôһЦȦѸֺˣ޺޵ƾļʲô֧ʹЩûб۵ȥҲβҲˮ֪ڳˮҪһжѣĽ𣡡
ֱ̱۳ָţһĶͷˣⲻû˵ȥҲûʲôãֿѪ˵սһֱȭ̯ʣµ׹ӣմЩص׵ࡣ
տƬɮϲ˲䣬⣺֡
Ŷ̱ƵûкܾȣƬ˹⿴ȥȻ͸͸ӣʹ˵Կ壬Ƭ϶üϸĹʿżСּ֡Сбϵҡ
ֻץһ㲻ڽβı档
ǰƬϣȴûͷûβ֣
տ˱˴˶ۡ
ĿǰҲǱ°ˣҴʱϣǴԬ뿪ֱһ㣬µֻµּƺڸ̱һϷץߴֻ̽Ҫ̱ԼرѪ࣬տҲûиӦʲô˴Ӧһʱ֮ް
ûͷûβʲô˼
˿̱ơ
̱ƽöƬ֮ĦţĬƬ̣ͻȻ̧ͷǸη̶Ǽ죿
졣տӵ죬۳벻ɣ¥档
ˣڳӦá̱ƽƬսУվ
ηҦ̱һڹָϵʱ򣬱˴˶΢Щȡ
Ҧ𿴼̱ƣ۾ＸŻ𣬼η粻ò΢΢̧Žֱӳȥ˵̱ϣ̴ңǣ
̱ƳҦһۣҪȥ㡣
ηһЦˣ̴Ϭһء
ô˵̱һüë
ɡû⣬Ҧ޲¥޲¥ͬһ롣ֻǻûͨҪһȥһ޲¥ݼһ¡⻹һЩҪԼ£硭
̱Ʋļ˹ȥӦ˾ͱϻϣԬ
η绰аؿһεЦҡҡͷקҦ𣬸ȥ
̱ƽ׺ŷһһ·ߵ÷ɿ죬Ҧ𼸴ûлᡣһ·߻صԬԶԶؼϻЩͷܶšݼûĴ󰸣ϰȥţҲϷŹ֣ȺΧڸǰŴ˷̸ܵ˵š
̱ͣ²ӣȼηббسһۡ
ηƬ̣ЦҡͷʾǸתԬĺΣûˣֻǰҲֵصĲ죬ηһȺ˹Щɻ
ηһչƣĲ飬ҪԭϽ񣬽ý
ţηƣٵرԹ̴Ҳõ̫˳Щʲôû¶أôԼԩͷһ㡣
̱ƲĲ磬ֻʣǵ˶ˣԬûеؽѡҡһĵط
ˣֻЩëͷСӣ̴ʲôȥһηġ
̱ƿһۣȳõķ˹ȥ
ڵʬ嶼ˣֻϵѪûʯש̳ɵĵϣѪשѾɺˡĺۼؼ֮ڣʵøɾ̱ŵϵѪ˼Ȧһһá´ʵء
η࣬µؿš
̱Ʋȥߵԡӡƿڼһһϸϸʲô
η粻֣е̴Ҳǲ鰸ĸ֡ҪǿͶûʲôˡ
̱֣ϵĻңһˣôˣ㲻Ԭҵ鷿
η类˵һ㶣ЦøˣԬүһ鷿ԬүҲһȥһ
ȥԬүǸɡ·̱ƺ֧ʹη硣
ηҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻôƢǡЦ߳ȥ
̱ƿıӰɬ̾˿Լһ¶ļˣȴ룬Ҧȥżη磬ȳϣأԼߣ񼸺Ҫո
̱ƻһ·ǶԼü㲻Ǽȥ
Ҧһ˷ܵض˵˸˵ˣ
˵յ̱ǰңɣ·ҿһвУ
̱һڣ˦׷ηȥˡ
лҪ˵ѧСҦŶ
Ǹ˭ûء

 50 

Ԭӵ鷿ԺСţһԺӣȻƫƧʤͨģǸƧĺõطֻǷ䲻˶תҲת̱ƸɴǲˣҦȥϵطѼѼ񣬿ܲܵõʲôϸ΢ֻ뼾ηˣ鷿
ЩңѾݲݷһ飬黭Ͳˣмɢڵϡ
ηõϿ˿ģӰ˷˲顣̱Ҳ˽վм价һȦҲߵǰеط˷
ɽ־졷Сᡷη翴̱ƳķƤԬӲǸͷʥѽ˵Ʒζһͦϲֻǲ泪Ϸţ
ԬӰʲôʲô̱Ʋܹġϵݲݷһ飬ûʲô쳣Ķ
黭Ͳڵϣ̱Ʒгһѵϸ£ΪԬļҾʲôҵĲؿû뵽չ֮һƽƽĴͼҲһϲ£ӦԬԼĿ
һ㣬Ҳûʲô⣬Ԭӵīη̱Ƶļ򣬿
̱ηҲǰġûдŻ˻Ͳֳһ⣬Ԭġ֮ԼȽļװѵʮ־
Ҳûʲôģ̱ڻͲ﷭˼£Ҫ£ͻȻһûֽŷţڻͲĽʹأ̱ƽ˳
չµĲգԾȻ۽Ǵӣһͬɫһʣ˵繣·ʻţ۲ϾҪתؿϻǰһۡ
̱չŻԵվһηչдī⣬ûϳǰһţǺ˼ǰǼֱһΡҲԬӻģǱ˴˰Ľ˰ɣܴ飬˵˵ġ
̱ƴظг³һСżη棬˳˻Ҳûʲô߰ɣȥԬ˵鷿
Ԭ鷿ǰԺһԺӣҪţķҰһ֪ǸϷĽҪ֮ء
鷿ǰŴùӡķƷԱ鷿ݸǲѲģֻܵʹ
̱뼾ηһۣһ̤ǰһһһңŽСĽƿ
ӵ鷿Ԭ˵鷿Եͳضˡؾصķãľవͭûеһ̤ȥ㲻ؾóѹ֡
ηǰİƻľԬûѽ
λԬ˿ǹɣһľ߶ѣʲôϡġ̱ƷϵĹġ
ʲôɡηˣֻżԬ˵Ļƻϣ̱æ˵λСͱû뵽⼸λȨ䶯ϹˣҲûһѡ㣬෽òȥġôó꣬˸λҲûиã类ʥһˡĵطԬ˿Ųͷѫ˼ңЦء
Թ֮£֪ͦûʲôر̱Ʒϵ顣
̶ֳȵ£¿ܾһ˲ϰնʥԷЩ£ɶֵءҲȫǿտں˵Ԭ˵Ĺְ֪ˣЩ꣬ҲǽС΢Ӳðͷ⻹˵𣿡
С΢һ˵ʲô̱ϵ̨һᣬַˣпܱơ
īʮһǽϵĹƷ˵вī
ĲɣηЩûʲôоָմ˵īˮⳢ˳ûʲôͦйīģ϶ǸƢһôá
̱ҡҡͷī󣬲ֻīɫչѣûīһȻī㡣˶ͭﷴЩų⡣ٿ鷿ͨʯ⣬ҲֻľǺΪεôī
η籧۰·һ²ؼˣ²ص̱˵ȥ
̱ƿҡҡͷһ飬չһҳתηǰ㿴ƽ￴ʱעīɫѵȻõĲī
Ҳ˵ηϳλԬүƽʱõҲֻͨĻɫֻĳЩر£ŻõīɼīҲûʲôˮݲܻղõĹã޷ֻһ㡣
̱۲ƽƽؽȥررˡпܵģšҪŵˣϲѰīīصõī
ηֱţָմϵĲīţвīû׸͸ʱ㣬Ԭүīд˶ûüϴвī֮
̱ûֻǵ˵ͷκͻȻðûͷûβһ䣺
ʲôηˣһͷˮ
̱Ųߵ鷿󴰴ƿˣ㲻ҵõʲôҵǣ
ôֲ²⡣˵˵ã𰸾ǰطֹҸͣʱ̫ˣûʱʲôӵ棬ֻпԬ
鷿ĺƿԭǸɺԵĴءҴ̱Ƶķ˿ԡ˵˵ҿʼΪҪߣȼõȽҪĻءһ룬˵ûͭĵط˵鷿
ηվߵ̱еŰīһ뿴⣺ʮһɲǮ
֣档̱ૣǶԼ˵ţ֪棬һÿ
ηûĵī߸ߵֽԣīɽأ
̱ƷŴϢһڣһָܿŵǽ棬½Ǵǽשж
ηɵ¿һۣû˵ʲôߵǽǰ̱˵һ£ֻǿͨͨǽשȥҲûʲô϶Χǽש𣬲ɺſ̱һۡ
̱ȴʮƶηֻعͷȥõǿǽש£ûж
ȶģһ¡̱Ƶ󴫹
ηõ֮ϢǽשûʲôҪͷ˵ǽ淢ડһ죬ǿǽש˳¶İ
η罫еĶõ̱üë
³ģǷСϣԬӵİ׭̱Ƶ͡
ŶǽשλãҲԬдͷˣôûηЦЦȴ߹
ʲţζԴӴ֮žǽש洫īζҲ塣
룬ηһâ˶ŵһӣ̴ҵıӣôȮ
˵Щûõļһ̱߹ƽϣһīд͵ĲӣרøǸҪ֮˿ġ򿪿дʲô                        
лҪ˵η磺ŵ

 51 

ηŲӣӭ̱߹һ𿴡
̱ƽӽӹϣ˫ֳסӣͷͷ˴˶һۣη֣ƿ˲ӡ
ƿһҳ˶΢΢һ㶡
ӵƤǴµĵֽƿһҳֽǷŻƵģȥвͷˡ
ηˣױϽʳ
ˣһˣδʳ
Զʳδʳ
򶴣ʱ֣װʯֹӡ
һҳдһĻûͷûβظֻ֣ڼ¼ʲôޡ
ʲôηţַһҳ̱Ƴţû
ܾʳ
κǿһӣ˷Уպá
Բˣֻöָγݴá
гЧƽȳɣպ
η翴һͷˮʲôԬ˷Ѿ˼һѱӣ
̱ɫûἾη磬ַһҳ۾Ҵɨȥ
ָأ֮Ҳ
ȡ⣬ʳ֮޶Чٲ⡱
ԣرߣˮóβ
£ӷԸ
žһ̱ƽӿˡηֻҴɨһۣû֣ȱ̱һţ˻ɣʲô
̱ʶԼֹЩˡɼη˫ĿصһԣҲ벻ʲôõɣⱾӡ̱ƽάȣ̾˿ƿżη磬ĺ
Ҳ֪˵ܻסıǸʲôˣ̱µڼηͨɨһ顣
η̱Ƶ񣬲˸䣬ſһۣŽȥǲӣֻ˼Ϣɫ
⾿ʲô֪ʲôָŲŨīΪ۵ġԡֱ֣㶵̱ʵ
֪̱ɫ糣ֻǸһ֣ЩŵˡصĵĻԬ˵ˣ˸ͨĹڼ
ŵη۾̱ϣ滹һءָءۼ̴ʩչΪĶűءɡ
̱չ۰򣬵ͷ˿ԼͨǾصĲ̻ͨųβĹйϵҪҪ˿Ӹ㿴ûβͣ
ηһ͡
˵ҵĶűǳϣڼУӦҲǹɡûϵʱϺ浽оڣǲӦȰѾߣ
̱ƽֱ󣬲Ἶη磬ָƶӣַһҳηĬһΣû˵ʲôջǰ̱һͬ
ƿһҳȴһţ˲ϣŵֽõ㣬ҲˣϵּԬ˵Բͬʮֻдţ
ѱ͵㸮ϡβնϣ಻ǵù֡迪飬֪ԭĹŮϵ£ʫգɼŮ˼䲻磬ҲҪչǰ֮ͣᷢȻһΣʱűұɡ
̱뼾ηһۣһ˲뷨˳ź󱳼
ͬӶԷ۾ƣȴֲͬľ֡
ɫոտʼϻûеƣǷ㣬¥ҲǺæ¥żֻһˡ
̱Ƹηһռһλ˶ĬغŲ裬Ŵκĺ棬֪ЩʲôɫЩ͡
ʣµļҲҳţżС裬ϯķΧס˺
ҦձŲ豭ıߣҲúúˮ۾ʱ̱ߵտôܸλһˣƬ̣ʵ̲סˣ磬鷿﷢ʲôˣôô
ηͷƳһۣŤͷ˵˵ǵİɣլطʲôûУ
ҦҡҡͷҾ԰ת˼Ȧûʲôرķ֣;ǸӹֵֹģԬҲûǮӸô޺أôѿԷˮҲð
η̱Ʋÿɷ
տ˶ۣȥ̱ƣ̱Ʋһͷһ£ش𼾳η磺ȥ᷿˷ûʲôرķֻ֡һ֡˵Ѿ빬꣬δʱķ䰴˵ҲñԬûҵŮӵĹ뷿
Ҧ𣺡԰Ԭ˶ô٣ҲȱһԺӣܲŮһ빬ͽĹ뷿ðɡ
̱ƴӻǱǱߵϡùӣտԨͷһˣ˶Ųӣɫ任ҳż󷭣¶˺ֽģ˺ʮҵӣ󷭣һƬհˡ
ｫ߬ͬĳĬ֮С
Ҧ󿴿ҿ첱ӣʲôʲôҲܿ𣿡
̱ƿ˼ηһۣʾһ£߬ŲӣЩԸ֣һۣһҦϡ
Ҧ˸߲ҽӹˣ̧֮ͷɢżʵʵľ⣬ˮҪڲˣҴȥηӣ˵Щͣ磬ⶫģдǡģˣҲԣ֮Ķ
ηûӳ˻ӣˣûϷ
ҦӱЩĴסηһһڿգͨؽڣڡһվӶˤ˵ϣǣ
ηһϣ߹ˣ찴ڻôٴЩѽϵ˶źأ
Ҧģηɿֲ֣֡أҸղſֽ;Щ졭
̱ƶһͻȻתֽ죿ʶֽ
Ҧɫ޹ص˵ͷҼõһֽͨ㿴㱡мŽ𲭸ģмǹӡǽϵֽҸҸҲ˽á
̱뼾ηһۣһһңҦĸ첲קңֻлʹУ䵽𴦣
ҦҲ֪Լ˵ʲôһһҼм䣬Щ֪룺ǵǣ˻ʹȥɽй嵺ϡ
ɽйǻʼұĵطٵôûηü޲¥ٶ˽⣬ϵرܣŵ֪ģȴǵһ˵ٵ֡
ҦŬشԴѹǵļ䣺ϵⶼģȥǱֻ͡嵺͵٣䲻ȥһˣҪҲЩѰҲΪ֣ԼǵáģȥҸ硣
ηͷȥ̱ƣô˵ôҪȥһˡ
޲¥𡭡̱վͷһۣһҸȥݻһˣǼȰɡ
Ҧ֣ðһȥɣҸ粻ҧˣûͦÿءһ˵һ߳Ｗۡ
ﻹţޱص֮䣬̱ӣȥ߰ɡϻ˭߯ࡣ
лҪ˵渻󻹵ÿСҦ

 52 

̱һʪϢķθסϢԼͣؾһ㣬پһ㣬Ȼ󳤳غ˳ȥ
Ҧ״⣬ץŴϵΦˣһһ۵͵͵̱ƣźӣϽѧӭźһɫȴͻȻЩ죬ǿűһûס嵽̱ߣץסΧϰ˴棬ŵɫŰɫĪĺˮ
žһ죬Χ΢ѵ̱Ĭü顰˱ϾҵĴͷסڱǣҧʣԣ㵽ΪʲôҪ
ҦδεɫӺĨĨǣعͷɫңŻܰϵæ
̱ڣ񼸺Ҫǲ㲼ϵȼԾҲأм㹻ˡ
æģǳ粻û˹ܵץʱҰˡ
˻ͷηŰϣӵײߵҦǰһţʵ㣬δȥ¹Թȥѧ˼ʲô硣Ҫٸһģ绹ң
ҦЦû£ϰͺˡҸÿγûʮ»زģʱٰԻȥˡ
һǾЩסû֪ᣬԽ˴᲻ᡭ̱ЩŤ
ûµģ¶Ǹͷ㲻֪ҸƽûǰˣûµġҦһżηɢĭҲ֪ΪʲôӦôˬ죬ƽʱҶûô󷽡
̱ƻţԼȥ޲¥ݼʱǸָ̳ˡ
ȥ޲¥з˼µһ¥˵ĺ桢׳Լ̬ȣԼ嵺⴦ڣ᲻ᴥʲôĵܣȵȸ㡣
ȴû뵽һ˸˸ա޲¥ûפأֻһҦΪҦ뼾η̱ãʮӣҦСһͻĴȥ嵺ʱֻһɶûϸʣһڴӦ
ǰҪƽʱ͹Ʒʱ嵺ҲȥһݣĽȴûеġҲһҪȥϣػСϾͨϵڣûʲôϵĹأһǽЩҪʲôײǱ㲻ˡͷЦʮֺ
̱ǴͻʱỊ̇Լ͹һ¥ϯ档û뵽޲¥λ֮ߵˡ
֪ҸŲŷĵģƤӱһ㣬ңҪȻ»ͬҲˡηѹһ룬ӵҦ
̴ң֪࣬ͲָˡηһϣӲ˲ǡ
̱üͷߵԶһ㣬и·̱ƸϽסͼݣǳѾˣʻжòܵ
ϴûˣԴЩţأشүû˳һ˵ķҲãҲ֪Ҫ졣ӦҲˣǸòԶѾһˡ
̱ü뿪ЩʲôͻȻͷһХ̧̱ͷȥΦֵ̨صĲtվΦ˵ļⶥӶӣз߿ȴ岻Х
ǴɫһϲŤͷҪܣ̱ƸϽסˣôˣ
ŶүˣǵˣǴϽͷ̱һ񣬻껰˳߰æȥˡ
̱ƻסΧǰȥ㲩ĺɫգЮŨֽͬĺССĴֻǶֻһ˴Ҵȥ̱ںѹֱͦ˼ԶԶɫʯһǣӺ֮̽һͷ
ʱɫûȫԭ˯ţǵĶѣִۣӵײ
Ǽ粢վڼװϣƽ濴šߵԣǿķ򿴣ʲôأ
ԨΧسһҪˡ
տŪϵķ飬ЦЦû뵽һȺҲʱ򡣡
֪´ٵʲôʱ򡣡̱ƻļ򣺡߰ɣ̴ˣ´
ݴ˵ֻһǳͷԹͣɸ̱òһΨһͷûʲôΣҪʲôʹڴ˵Ⱥˡ
Ǹʼйϵôª𣿡ϸϸİɳ̲ϣסҦʡ
Ҳ֪ҲͷһʡҦקסһ°˻Ĵ͵ûнӦ𣿡
ЩˣȻǵһŵϣ˸ָŲԶһĻûϵˡǰշԸÿζǰѻŵǸֱˡ
˽ӣηʮ֣ǽϵƷѵͲĿϸ˶ԣʲôʱȡߣƷǻ˭ģ
ҡҡͷôԸǾ
η̱ƶһָۣҦ𣺡㲻棿
Ͻһ񣺡Ȼġ
˵Ҫһ飬ߵȵȡˣܷȥԸɡη˰֣ͷҲأȥҦ̱һҲŸˡ
¶ЩɫҲûʲô취ֻõͷǣͷʱϵı龡ʧйĹâһûκƼ
η߽õ´ţطаš
̱ƽ֪⻰ǶԼ˵ģÿɷɨһȦǳªһֻһųڷŻģ֮⣬ʲôûУһ۾ͷ̱ҲûڴܴҵʲôͷԸտˣɢȥڵתתɣ
տҲʲô˶ûСɳ̲ϴӴ֮Žӡ룬ηġ
̱üķȥֻտˣǸǴ𻰵ĴҲӰϱʮڼװػذ˻ɴʱҲˡҴ=ǳڰߣػ⡣
̱ƻתͷη绹ţõȥﶥϵҶӣġ
η磿̱̽Ž
𣿡ηعͷһ㶣ģأ
̱ưһȱ𼱣ʲôطԡ
֪ԣô£أҦأᡭ
һ˼η磬أ̱ƶȴ羪ס
͵ػͷķȥԶֵӰ£һֻմѪɣ̽Ǻ¶˳ֽһҲ֧Ųסˤڵϡ
̱뼾ηû˿ԥȥ̱ƽ̽ͷԼ
̽קס̱Ƶ죬קͼĶԼǰ̱ƸĴߣϸأȡ
η壬վһԼתȦô˵ʲôôôأó𻹣ô
һηȻͣס̽˫סѪӿס̱ƣȫǱѵĲš
̱׹ջУؿֱ
⡭ѵη翴ϵʬ壬ٿ̱ƣЩ͡
ǳ̱̽ͳ˲½󣺡ҵĳ̽Ѫץҵ½ˡ                        
лҪ˵ˣȻǸٵģ

 53 

η翴۵ǾѪŵʬ壬ͷҲ̫ˣͲиһһأ
̱ʬϵΣЩֵػͷ˼ηһۣ֪İ
˵ţǾʬͻȻ΢Ĳηһѽ̱Ƴ˼ȫ䱸ضǾʬ壬ֻԽԽ졢ԽԽңڽҪĳٽʱͻȻ˿УŤڿγһ״ĺڶȻʧ̱մȾϵѪҲһʧ·ղʲôûз
˵ˡ̱Ƶηһ仰ԹԳķȥ
ηûʲôõľ飬վԭأʬʧĵطЩ£̱ˣϽס׷ȥֹţݣǸˡ
̱û
һηĬĬȥǰ棬˳šһƵʵȥ
ȥ̱һǰͣһ̦޺ķ
ηһֹס˲ӣȥĶǸأϹת
ţϹתֻҪͣС̱ûж˵
η統С뱲ӴˣǱʣ̱֮ĶЩδżδĹ£Ҫ˵ƫƫǸӣ׷һ䣬˵һ䡣η粻Щƣõϵ
̱䵭ʱֻ̤þеҲǶˣҲ²þһΧġάһþһʮ飬Ҫôʱ䣬ҪôǷΧõάȥʵ̶ķΧҲὫ챥ڡҪһֱƶվԭظ˵ӡ
ηֲĬĬţ֮Цһ£üһǲǰ˵һΣ

УôôࣿܶþһܶŶǸСѾͷŪ˼ǸҲ𣿡
֮·ʲôþ³Ųôʱ䡣˭Ȱ˭ɡ̧̱ͷ˿ͷչ⣬ǰȥ
Ȼأη˼󲽣׷̱Ʋ磺ǻþȳŲסȻأ
ҼʩõˣûʲôȻˡ̱Ƶ䣬ճȭ
Ƭﲻ֪˶ãͷͷʵҶһĹߡ֪ǲԵʣ޵ش˿˿ѪζڱǶˣϸϸȥʱȫټõն
̱ƵüĽһ˿ꡣ
ηƳһɫ˵ô£õ˴һϵ̦޺ǲһֱڶȦӣ
ܵģ̱վԭأôǿһΧ֮ôʱ䡣ܵġ
Ȼԣη緳ͷõݺݵشһ£пǸ޽ĻþΪ˶ԸءҦʲôΣ
ܵģܵġ̱ૣ·ڶԼ˵ţǡ
ʲôη̱ƵֱֱضǰּĳӰҲ˳˹ȥ
ǡþһֱǡ
£׹֣һǰӰɹȥۡһ졣
ηĶ䶯˶˼׹֮ת˲㵽ˡⴥͷ죬ηγӶӭնĽ⣬̱ƲһȭĿꡣ
Ӱɳȥ֮Զſͣס
̱뼾η粢ţ⣬ˮеīһ㣬£˶ȥ˵Ķ˺⿴ԭһ֮ϣµľʯһ޴ĵһǶں֮䣬һǧ֮ӿĺˡ
֮⣬ӽŵһԣЦں֮䣬·Ѱӥ㾹Ȼôòŷ֣㾹ôòŷ֣
ͻȻǰӣ̱ûбֳһ˿ȡڵϵˣһŮӣͷɢסһ֪ϲ׹⣬ǰ˼ηһԼһȭʱУŪɢѪζ̱üķ
Ϊʲôõķӣû뵽İ취ɵɵߣɰɰӲ۽Цᡣ
֣ηյһ۽ǳ̱Ƴ˹
ֻ̱Ƕסӣˡ̽ء
һɻ󣺡˵Сӣ˰
̱ûʲô飺ôġ
ˡŮǸһ㣬еǸӲģ˳ԡζܺãһһ㡣ϸֳʳı
η̲ס̱һۣ̱ȴûʲôӦ
ӵ̱϶һ͡һЦ˳˿̫û˼ˣôûӦ
㲻ҪϷ㣬棬ҶµˣӮˡ̱ƵӮ˵ˣӦвͷ
Ϸ˭˵ϷˣЦĴָ˲ǣֻ㡣
η罫֣ţҲ֪֮ʲô⣬
ֱںη˫ĿԲؿԼĽż뿪˵棬˿Уƺһֻ޴֣סĲͽ͵õڿлӿȴãڵϣһ죬ڲץţϢĵС
˵ʱֵõ죿˫ֱϾɭޡ
ң̱Ʒ·𿴲ŵļη磬˹ģû湻ɣ
ӵתԵŹ⣺㣬㡣
֪϶ģ֪϶ܲµΪ׼˺þãþúþãҪҪӳ̱
̱ûпһۣҲûлͷηһֱۣӲȥ
ӵڰһֻЦһ£ɫûգ̱ƵıӰ׷˹ȥ
η˵ϡֻľʧҵؿ£Ǳȴ˲ϣӲʯϲţĥ˼ƤŰͷ̱ƵıӰǸĪӣһͬʧɽµ·
ǰƯŹ½ĺڰߣ֧ŲסȻ¡ϣǸ֪ŮˣĴţһ˫˫ȥʬ塣
֪˶ãһֵֻĴʶӻлѡǿſƤ߼ģ֮һޱԼǰ
ǳ̽ӣ򼾳ηһֻۣͻȻֻ֣ס˼ηĿڱǡ

 54 

̱ƺǰʿ·ںܳ·ʱֱȻشţڼԲ°ڵıߡִһǶƱߵѣިǲѵĺˡ
۾׷Ǵ۵°һͻȻڣ㵹ͦĵģ󡣡
ûڱ˺ôɱҲɣ̱ͷûأػһ䡣
Цһǰ磬ؿЦҪȥһطôĵһ㲻ҴȥĶ
˼νϷ̫ˡʵ룬˵Ĺ򣬲ߵÿЩǺÿ⣬ô̱վס˲ӣ俴ǰˡ
̱ƶƬ̣΢΢ͷĳֶ۲˵ıһôˣϲ˵ѡ
̱񶼲˦ӣȥ
ͲĶԻ⣿ҲʲôҲ˵ءӵ˹
̱ƻδţŲ˿δֱǰȥ
Σ·ϣ⣬ܻشĶش㣬ұ֤滰ôЦ
̱ͣ˲ӣعͷһۣȥ𣿡
Цߵܡ
̱Ƶͷ滰
ûˣӼǻƺʮֺá
̽
ûһԤϵ⣺ģֲʲôħͷûɱǵ˼
̱ԿһۣƳ˻ղǸʩõŮޣ᲻
ţû뵽ŵ᲻Ҳ֪ղźûھͲ֪ˡֲʶʲô㣬·ûж೤Ŷ
᲻
̽Ѱ̱ƣһãȥģȻôںҵˡ
˵ۣ촽΢΢˼¡̱֪ڷѶصš
۾̱Լ촽֪Ϊʲôһ죬Ʋ˹ȥûб𣿡
С
ӵţ̱ȴٳûпڡͷת̱ƣ̱ƳӶˣǲˣ
ӳĬһǡնġ
ʲôϵ̱Ƶ׷š
ʲôϵ΢΢Цʮֿ㿴ңôˣΪݣΪҳʲôϵ
ΪΪ⤣Ϊ壬Ϊ⡣ֹϵඡЦ͸˹ͷ
̱ûκα飬ֻԵ˵ͷţ֪ˡ˵ûпڣתǰȥ
ӵЦȻֹ̱ƵıӰϵѪɫɿȥ
۾촽ᶯ˼£۵ʱ̱ѾߵЩԶˡ̱ƵıӰ۵ƺЩˮЦ
׷̱ƣߴ·ˡվţ·ɣǿҪˡ
ǰҶƬ̱ƿǰȻľһʱû˵
·ϣǴӺ±һ·£ʱ߳յԣǰȻһ޴ӣ̱ƾվӵıϣһһСʯӹµȥĿ֮ȸĿɲ⡣ӵϿոȥӦһʯӣǶڹĴ֮С
վ̱󣬲ʱͷ̱ƵķӦ̱Ƶļͷһ£١ȥ
̱ƴۿɼӶ飬㿪ָҪҿľ
ջָûʲôվЦţôᣬûصأһ¡
˵ɤӣԿףȥ
̱۾ֻӵգӵײıԵһСˮӿȴڵϣǳˮ״ֱֱԽߣˮԽ׳ӱԵʱѾ֣֮Ŀʮ׳ۣˮȴӿ״̬ʮӱԵ߱ͣסˣˮˮڲƺʲôĶݷ
һֻ̤ˮĶˣȻûȥȵվסˡͷ̱ЦôҼҵǲǱǸͭˣ
̱ƿȵվˮعԼһӵ°ڣ̤ȥ
ЦбһۣŪʪ·ġԿףˡ
ˮ½̱ƿŽ£ˮ棬ص˵ϵѷУ̱˫Źûʪ˿ӵ׵ĵ档
һ˵ȭعѷԣϰţɫڣţͷ̧ͷ˫˫´סֻʣ䣬ƻ֪΢΢ƫͷӵ
ͷԿףɡ
ΪԿס˷ڵϿһͷԶһССĺڶ
ԿƺˮںӦÿԳưһɡ˼ȥڰʵǷúܣ̫һӵһʯѣͨźˮһŵԿףû˷Ĳܡʼв飬дҽûۿ֮󣬶Ȼˣû⼸꼸ϲһˡ
˵𣬻ͷһ̱ƵɫѽˣҲںгڰûʲôôġʧʧûб˼
̱ûһȥϵúˡ
ӱűû˷ܵضıӰ
̱ߵӵġĵطӵʯǻһ޴ڣڻѹͼϢؿڴ̰ʹ
վԭأתһȦ¶һԲһͬתšӵıڣӵ׵ССĺڶһȥмٸǼǧǾ޴ѨǷ䳲ѪضŨصζĺڶӿ˳
̱ƵĻУЩڶӿģȺȵѪҺǽһ©һ㣬˵Ѫ꣬ͷԼϡ
Ӳ֪ʲôʱվһֻ°ͣüͷţ̧ͷĴĺڶʮַյ˼š룬ĳ̽ţ
׹ûںðӵĻնںУ۵̱ưţװӵıڱߣͣ
˷ĺڶдҰްŭĵͺʣӿȳһѪĭ̱Ƶֻţ߹Ҳ۶̧һӡ
ܵĵͺȻֹ̧̱ƶӣ˫̱õ֣һ㡢һأ׹ԼĲϰ˳
ָ̱ľ֮·ͷѵ졣
˦̱Ƶ֣һԣ̱Ƶһ̣Լĺͷ˿ǰϵѪ̧ͷ˻ƵģֻЦһ֣㿴㣬ֻһѡΪ㣬⴩ϵġ

 55 

̱̤һߣӺðѪţǱ֧ӦЩͷˣ˵ܲܺú˵仰ֱǶˡ
˵ͷһƫ׹ХŲĶ䣬ֱʯ֮С̱΢΢Ϣţվֱӡ
áЦҲ㰲˵ڿо˾٣ұڵĳڶ߳ŮѵһӲϵѪһ⿪ǰİۣΪµ·
չ˫ʩչִӺÿŮð׾ϵѪϸϸĨȥƤһƬûʲô˿ڡ
׹̽Ѫ⡢նϹͷִУôزд̱Ƶָ⡣ָڴ£
ʰͣŮ˵۹˻ԼĶӵɤҲָţϵˣȴû뵽ôΪСҸҷء
˵̱ƣ֣׹ʯϰķһСذףˡ
׹ֽס²ȻϲܶԲס㣬Ҳ
׹ⱻϣע£һôҵ촷ۣɢ˿֮С
ˡ֣»ȸԾôһͣûôҵȵ˵ˣǿʼɡ
ηڳĻ˯֮УĵŪˡ
͵۾ǰһƬڰһ˵ĺԼǰһ˲ȥȴ˸գĵժˡɴǰһץס˵ļֱסĺ˺ݺݵذԼĻС
ڻ֮ǰܹ̽Сӵ־жûиʹʮʮɲֹΪΣȴЩ졣
Ǹ
еŮʹץֱۣšſ
η类һϽ֣еȥ˫ʹؿ˺һ
۾΢ӦǰĹߣηƾЩ΢̽ؽš
ȡ㣬ô˵ͷ裿Щˡ
ǰǸٳ̽ʧԼǰӻĿȻǸʩõŮѾԼ̱ƽˣɼηȴҷɾ裺ĶΪʲôҦأ
֪ŲӣֱӣģȻشң̱أ
̱ǸߵġηƬ̣ǰ΢ЩҲ֪Ӧò
ںڰе˵ͷû˵ʱͻȻһ˵˼ˡηͷ˶ǽʵָСȥͬĽҳ֮⣬ܻĿռ䲻ָӣڵꤵ·졣
֮ǰ̽ˡǱ˴װˣ֪Ҫȥ˵ţη罫۵°ڳһǣعԼϣȰԣǡ
ˡһ죬űǼηǿŵ̾˿Ǻӡܲ˰ѻ˵갡
η˦ϣûˣɡô㱻һ𣿡
ҡҡͷ뵽ηںڰп㿪ڣ֪ҲǻŽġ̱ǰŸսǸűֱӴӿʧˡǲٽȥҲҵǣϵĴ˵ͷжڵˡҸһ飬ߵһͻȻǰһڣۣ͸һ𱻹ˡ
Ҧأ
˵֪ˡֱǰǺúõġ˵󣬲ظһˣҪشϢϣҪ㣬Ǵȥˡ
ηӦһʾԼ֪ˡ˱˳Ĭ֮Уڰֻʣµµţƽȡ
ηͻȻ˿ڣЩʵβ
ûнǻġ
вٿ˵ļоƹǴΣҲ²ǵʹԼ̱ƣȻ˵Ҳһ֣Һֵĸоһֱ룬̱ƣǣʲôˡ
غţһԲ
Ҹ̱һʱ򣬼Ǹӣᵽˡ⡭
ͻȻ֮תηĻ˵㱻ػ˸С֮˻סԼͷһ˦ɣηıݺݵװ˺ıϣȴûͣ㷭ʮȦͣ
ηͷۻǰǺڰߣһ˦˦ͷӻһۡţҪһЩҲ߻ء
η̽̽ͷȴͻȻһ죬й¶˽
ʯ֮䣬ӻͳһҧһ룬һС
ͷǵη۾ӦһǰĹߣ΢΢̽ͷԼһ޴ӵĿӵףӱϲͷƤĺɫѨǰԶվɫ̱ƣǸЦӯӯӡ
ܻӣΧٻĸͬĺɢڿӵ׸ǻûд򿪡
ӿһۣ΢΢ü˭
η羯ضеûȫס¶С
ϸ˿ǴҲǸǶ̱˵ģ̱ûӦ벻⣬ֻСһԹһͷ̫ã߰ǵǱ߿ȥ
˵ȥק̱Ƶĸ첲̱ƶ㿪ˣֱһȥֻЦЦ׷̱ƣ硣
ηһۣŶˣηӣҪ۾
̱Ƶֱ΢΢һڣһֹĶ
ηһ㶣ûȷӦһ˿Сзڵ໰⿴ԵԼĴҲͬӣͷûء
ĺڶ߳Ϣһͭɫӣ˫˫Ÿţϣòס۸졣
̱վһǰƬ̣ǡ
տԨԱһԨͷʹţǻˣտţӱʱ۾һ£ʱ˫Ŀ죬бŲ̱ƣе
˵̫ˣѲŰģǹŰҲ֪һˣѧЩʡЦտĹͷ
ֻ̱һԨĲһ仰û˵һӡ
ٴƿ̱ȴһ㶡տҲʲôûС
Ӵӱзһߣ̱ƼȴѾˣڵĿͻȻһۿɼŤ˵ֳۡһһѪбŵϡ
Ļͨ죬ٵشϢš̱ƶߣһֵǰѨסǿһ˴ĶͷһպƬ
һۣЦѽȤôɸڽۡ
̱վؿһۣһӡ
ԽǸӣ̱ԽЩѹסеĽꡣվǰ֪ΪΣִӣһ״բڣʲôµĶͷųĸо
˷ܵغţȴ̱ƵĶ̱ƿ
һ֫ҵضһ
󱬷ĴЦŶӶŽţЦÿղϵı飬̫ˣ̫ˡ
Цòƽº۽Ц᣺˳̽ɡ
̧̱ͷȥ̽һɫѣǵˮһë׵ĽߣüĿҲĵЩ̱˹̱ƿֻţղôСӺֳˣ
̽ߵվסˡüĿ˳ûп̱һۡ

 56 

Ŷˡų̽ļ򣺡̴Ҽ񡣡
̽ʮص˳üĿ˫ֱȭ̱ƹһҾ̴ҡ
̱ƿǰͷʱ¶İغ󾱣û˵
ֱ̽ţЦ̱˵ǲһûˣ㿴ûˣġ
̽΢΢Цһ¡
̱ûٿ
ϣ̯˫ۣˣ˶ˣô棿
ηϱһŤ壬Ӻ﷢Ĵ󺰣ȣȣ
ʡЩɣҦ𲻻µġ̱Ƴ䶯ļηһۣתصϣҦɣܿЦ
һǰϰŵļηһͣ̽ƽƽûʲôӿ̱һЦҡҡͷ㻹û׻ٶ꣬ɾˡ
ôģʲôģ㡣̱չչӣƽѰеţڻžãһж̫мѭˡԬʼҡƷһƷҪ͵޲¥˲ȴ˵Ĵ
ˣ꿪ʱ޲¥ӣҲǳ̽ҳҵģ𣿡
㵽˳̽ɳ̧̽ͷȥֻӡ࣬̽Զ̱֪ĻҪ˽
Ըٷһ˿Լˡ
ֻҲף̱ƽ˵Ѿ޲¥ˣҪĶֿɵã֮ڻ£ΪʲôҪⷬ򣿡
ָʯĺڶһȦϵõʲôָۻأָԼţϵõʲô
ϵЦݡ̱ƵʱٲЦŵġʱȻȫı飬̱ƾЩİ
ˣͻȻȫŤķŭһȺ㣡ĿԼˣһƴ˵꣬ϧβҲҪ˵֪ܣ֪ܣ֪ܣ𣿺ðҾʹÿֻ޸ﾡãΪãϵõģżţȥжѪĴ
㣬ȴһ˲֮䣬ְǱ黹̱ƣֱǸӣҲϵõʲôô࣬㿴ҡ
̧ԼϷ
֮£·ӳˮеĵӰһ㣬һˮһƽֳģһֻ˵ȫͬһȴҲԡϸϸӵϾȻа˷ƣֻᣬۣģּͬ˵¹һӽȫͬէһȥȫͬˡ
˫۾ųη壬һڴ̱ơ
̱֮Ƭ̣ʵ˭
һ˫۾׹еųη塢ڴ˼һˡ˫۾ֱӵġ˫סһЩԼЦһһſЦȫЦò֡
㲻ǵˡ֪㲻ǵ˵ġ֪ġȴģһԡЦļ϶ж϶³仰һЦţһ֣湻ˣɱ˰ɣһ
̱ƣ㲻һͬʵذɱ㣬᲻ỹ֣㲻ʶɱ׽ˣΪг˱㰮ĵ˵ѪǳϦ֮ĸ飿ҿžһ塣
̽ӰͻȻһ㣬嵽̱ǰӣ˫һ㱧ס̱Ƶ̱ȴԥһ˲һ˲̽Ѿ˵صذ˵ϣһ󸡳
ȥѪһһΣ̱Ƶ촽ϡ۾̽˫ֳͷ࣬ѹϣѪ˳ļ̱Ƶϡ
ǡӷ˱Ц
̱ղԼվĵطȥɫ״Ķ˵һޣͷһһ׶ǰ̣һӣȫ䱸ضŶˡ
ʯĴĺڶУ߳ԾѨ
̱̽һжĸӣ۲зΣȴ˵һ仰
̽һ˴ڵӡ̱౳УտԨ
̱Ƶ֮ǰտվԨϺݺݳ⡣
Ԩһۣ˫ڿǰ֮Ѹٻָûжʲôӣ̱Ƽ粢վһ
ηڵĵطұڸЩмѾߵǺܽˡտ̱һ䣬㳯ڵĵطܶȥ
Ԩ˵ͷʱһ˴ԱӽտƼ䳤޸ɫĹǵտıʹ̹ȥԨһ㣬տͷѹͣǸˣļХ˶Ѫ˵ϡ
̽ǰĶͷһۣǻѪлЩ䱸üҡҡͷ
֣̽ͷأϣ䶥
˷ɫһ֧ľӣѹ
̱ߣ߿ˣֻӣӺȻ£̱ƿ׼λãȵؽ˻ҿϵ˿Ǳ߼ηˤڵϵҲ˹
̱ƽǰηϵ˿гʱץס̱ƣ޲¥Ҧȣǣǣ
̱ץ콫˺Լµڣǰ֪Ҧ˽ãԻһʲôʱ潥ٵģӦǴʱݻȡ֮ҦӦò޲¥ӦõѪӡ£ųȥܾ
η羲̱Ƽ粢磬˫ۣӣǰˡ
һ̱Ƶ⣬һ
ͬʱ߸Ծתȥ
Ԩڱ˶̶һѪǰʮˣΣѪҲѾˣտǰƮһĺڰߣ˷ˣԴԴϵشұš
Ԩһ޺ȽȻѡ
ܣ̱ƴţԸżηŴˣзڿеġ
Ԩ˵־Ȼѣ֪קסտ󲽷ɱ
̽ϣ
ǱѪˮ̳ģ˿ѪҺһһơǰһ˵壬Ť˵ضһ𣬲֪Ƕˣһǻߣȴٳٲǰ
֪Сףɲ֪ôףû꣬ûУֹеùһսޣŮ޵Ļ֮󣬸ƴŸŮһץסյ֣һҧĺ
֪̽ǲǰѾܵǰˡëѪŪʪˣǰѪɫġϢţԼеζ죬ɻдĺ
վһֱ֣ƣȴһȣһ¡
һЦһϵƤɫŽĹ⣬߸Ծ𣬳ն
ڰУȴͻȻܵػһɳȥݺײұϡ
̽ǰһΣ̱ƵıǰǰտԨη磬һ˳֮̽ǰ
̱ûлͷ̽Ӱ˵Ƭ̣򡣡
ݶᡣ


 57 

һѪǱʯɫСߣ̱ƵĶ˳˫ۣҧסأ򢵽һΣǸһ
ǰԨ쿪˫ۣۣڱѪǰմʪˣϾı顣ηտһһңֳסǵ壬ȫ䱸š
һ֮Զǰǰͺ̣ӿĳˮһ˽ɾĳһ˲䣬۵ˣͬʱ˫ۡ
ǰļˣͻȻͣˡе˫䣬ʹڵϷѪָеͻȻһͣ·γմһԭǻϷŵǸͻȻˤ˵ϣƬµǸָԭ״ŮʩչŻͻȻзʹ³һѪԹȥм䶸Ȼʧȴûлţƾһη缸ڵϡ
֮䣬ɵԵΪ磬һͨ͸ǽǽǱߣ˻ӿųȴµ˳һԽ׳һǽߣƵˣԡѪȴǰٺĽҡ
Ѿʧȥ˼ʱıܣ֪˶ãһ㣬̱꣬챻ѪסƤ
Լбڳ̽Ļ̽˫ַļ˫ַŶ̡
˶ݵĻԣͬ˻ĵʧȥʶǼ˲˼ûͣʩ򡣷Ԩݽʶ֮УΪ˷ֹݽ߶̱ƽһˡʱ˶տϣ˻ԣŻ΢΢šηŵϥڵϣѪյڵ䦳һ̲
̱һֳסԼϥǣҪվ̽ϵ̵һɿˣԥ֮Ҫٷȥȴһ̱Ѿվ˫ոջеļͻȻԶ
ǰǼƬ壬Ť˵ڵϣеѪеûУеĻڡȴվеȫûж֪ǻ
Щ˵壬ӣֻ̱վŵģԷ
һΪôˣĸԸԹԱɱءΪػеˣأƺ˵Լģ㿴ǣѪѪǡΪ㡣
֪ҵһ˶𣿡ͷգغһꡣ׼꣬Ÿ㡣⣬䣬Ϊ׼
ޱ˳վ˳
̽һ˲ɫԼվ̫ڳ˸˿ڣѪҪȥץס̱Ƶ֣ɾһ֮ңʱӵ
Ұִ͸㣬Ϊĸ׻ڵ㣬Ҫһٶʧ
֣̱̽Ƶָ֮ңȴԭأǵ
̱ûлͷûжһ仰֪ǲм
ߵļ˶ˡǲûбϮޱأ̱һƽ
̱ƺ֮䣬һʹţȴǸĵɫ±ۡ
֮Уɫһͣ¶Щյɫͣ˲ӣ˻
ʣµˣһһŮǱ˴˶һۣĿеĿϲ޽µӰ˷ܵط䶯ţ˺ɫ״ʵʣӵӿŮ˫ۣһŤţ˼ηӡ
̱Ȼ˫ۣ˲ʱȥ˷˷ܵļХ̱ƶԳ
տһ̱ڵϣǵ򡭡Ϊʲô̱Ĩǵ򣡡
ת˲֮䣬̱ѶԹʮС޳ֺѧʵʵϳ˹ϣӰӻʵʣǻ֣ιеķ϶֮䣬ƹ֮һ͵Ϯ̱ơŮ޻ɼη磬ʽѧȥʮʮϻв㣬ٲȻһʮļη硣
ݶʧܴ𶯣Զϵơ
̱ǿ֮ĩһ̶˲䣬Ѿصļǣ޵Ӱһײţ˳
ײһ̵ϡ
̱ƵĲ̽ѾһɫӰӣǶ˼ȥ
̱ƶһ˲Ųûͣ׷ų̽ӰӣǶսһš
۾ɿţĿתضųս֡˱˴˶һۣΪ׵ǸǿеĿ־壬ȭڣѯӣ䲻ʩ򣬵Ҳǰ
βֻʣºдġ˵֮˺һƬͻȻѿһɫķ϶ŵȥѪӿʣ˵ϡ
ӺȻأûлͷ֮ˣ˵ɡ
ʱǰսŷֿ̱̽վţٵشϢšǶĶˣҲ˼ӣ˼ͷȻɫˣֻʣ´ĺŭһ˿˿־塣
ŮٴβһδֹŮˣüĿüԳӢ۲ȴʮᡣʱ˫۾̽Ȼţôʧ
̱ܸоߵĳ̽ȫסȻͣ͡ɲ̽ȴͻȻˣſ˫ۣŮ˻УҪӵŮ˺οֱۣ̽һͷ鳣ݺŮ˵Ķͷϡ
Ů˵ɳ֮ԶŤţҲάֲסûԭޱ̽׺壬²һӰҲɪһ¡̽³˿еѪĭɫģǳ֮̽ӵĽ
̱ƿų̽ҡҡ׹ıӰû˵
̾˿ԳһЦţǷһϢģ˸ꡣ
̱ƣϹȻħ̰̱Ѳţ꣬Ҳװ˷ʱ䡣̽㡪
֡˷ܵ˵ţŹâ˵ˣƿص˵ѪֵлѪһ֣ݶܾٵġ
ֻѴܻġ޻Ρõģ֮١Ҳ߸ˣаȻ򡣡
ûϵ֮䣬쳤ؾãʱĥڸոһյϢأҵҵֵӣѾˡ
֣ŮϢش֣һĽСͷźڲŮˣǰ
ǰڲһһֻסŮ˽С֧״㿴ôӵȵ壬Ȼ˵Ѫú𣿡
Ԩ˲˻𣺡ܿ˫۳ţײ̱ƣħһȥ̱Ƴһ̣ؽԨ˻ԨѾһ̱ؿڣ̱ƵʱһѪֻץסԨһƬ䣬֡
ţһ㱼ԨȴͻȻͣԭأֽţ˫أסԼĲ˿УǷ˱ٱѵ졣
̱ƽԼȫһ㣬ݶϵѹ罣һ㣬ֱָӡ
ͷԨ壬̱ЦҲ˵ûҲѽ
̱һ˲Щ㱡
ǰӵøˣӵģԼͼĳƺͷЦţǣҲѽ

 58 

һѪ˳ü۾
̱գգۣǰѣŵƽ
ʲôʱɬΪʲôļµ롭
ֻߣһĻԼڲ֪֮䣬
ԺдҪĶʹ̱Լʶʹ˻УڵϷһԼͷʵУֻһסǰһֳסϥǣ΢΢Ϣţ߱ٱɢӡ
̽ͬʱ
ʹ𣿿ϲӡָָԽԽСԨȻôϲҲھɱġ
ҪιֽŽóԺúȵʮ·䣬ۿôǸִʳģҪǻ£Ҿٵȼ꣬öˣɱԼĸףոβЩҪ취¼ʧȥüֵͽЩڿбȻţ·Ļǰϸϸţĳ
տͻȻҵأ̧ͷ
ע⵽ĶЦſǲ뵽ԼˣŶˣǽտˣңô꣬ɱҵĺǱˣ쵹һһ㡣
տȫɸһţ۾ǻγѪҪѻеŵϣʱ򣬻ŵͻȻһѪһֻץסտӡ
ȥȫѪģģ˵ŻҪҡǰɡ
ηλƵأһѪŵվǰȥ
˰ɡվ̱ԣѵһţȻվվȡ
ǿеʹԼ̱ƻأվֱӡ
η΢΢Цһ£̧û뵽ͽ⵵ʲô˻ֵģͳͳȤҦֵܣˣӲ֡ӻһΣסˣȵأָӣȲˣҽհҲԲ
˵꣬ͷһտˬЦţǴӾͽˡ˵պͷ΢һֱѹŵĳȥ
һϢηӰ糸һ㳯Ϯȥһ磬΢΢ɢѪζ
ЦһɻӦֻһգ۵Ĺ򣬼ηһ㣬ͻȻǰ˼ǼűǼ⣬ηһЦһѪȾţ˵Ķ
˵ηӰ˲ϢӸǰûζһ̣ӱصɳȥڵҳһɳĻۣұϡ
ӴϢη缸׷ӰӸȥײұڵ˲䣬ؿ̤һţ˱ҵǶұϣؿڼȫݣֻʣ֫شʯӵ档
Ԩˤ˵ϣ̽˽ססϢ̱Ƽǽżη綯ģǰȥŮ߷ɣסܿ塣
Ϣ΢̱͡ƽִܿĲϷ̽һۣ˵˵ͷ˷˱ϡտҲվ䣬û˿ԥ෴ķ򼲱ȥ
һв˲Ϣ֮䣬η米ߵļˣǰѪ״ħ̶̵˲ʯеӿȥֱô겶Ҳѽеһѣһ͡
һڵϣη˼ͷգ³һ۾Ѫ˳ָһεڵϣǲӵѪдƤġ
裿ǣǸɵܵܣá
ʯдϷʵĵЦ
ηһľżͷ˻˼ɬľʯ֮С
̱Ʊܿͷһۣһ˿ԥȴҧҧͷת˻ȥϮĲӸЩ
⸽⸽ԿףԿףҵԿף
ʯе·ǻе飬ģȴشÿ˵Ķ޲¥ǧ汦Ҳֻһ衣ϣζĻ飬ҦǸģ㡣Ǵףֱ¶ȥһ˲أ
֫Ťţӵվ粻ܳΪ˵⣬ЦУϣӵһֻѾָԭסӦλãЦţҩѾڽӷˣһѪ飬ը
ηؿӣ˫ţԾһһ
̱ͷϵ亹ѪһƬǽ壬˫۽ڵ֮Ѳš
տͻȻָŵϵĳ˻
̱ƱȥͷȻԿס˫۽ջţûԵ˿ڣֻжЩѪ̱һַֻסϵܿһֺֻݺݵԿŶ⣺ѣ
Կ׿ڽǿѣͻȻһ۾̱Ƶ˲ɫһ䣬̾Ҫ̱ס˫֣󺰵ڣ
տϣֽɫǿű˫ۣҧ촽˶ڷŶ
һϢԿ׿񱩵ͻȻƽпնһƬʲôûС
̱ƻͷĿѣη磡
η类һϺȾѣǰӣֽϵѿڲѾ˰ǰϵһֻ۾䶢żη硣ηһȻѾȫͻȻ֪ת̱Ƶķȥ
վԭأţĬĬؿǡ
ԿѾ˵ϣˮӵڵγ˶̶̵һΣˮȴš
̱ƽܿˮϣţտ̽ҲֱԨȥˮţСȵĸ߶ȣ̱ƻͷηӻվԭء
ʹأ̱ӿȥôԶľ룬۾ӦѾģˣɲ֪Ϊʲôȴؿӵı顣
ҲѪһ䶯Ƥ⣬ȴӣ̱ƣչһЦ
̱ƵĶѾԼˡżηȴԼûкһǰǷηϴŴ㵵ı飬ͣ˲ӡ
һж˵ֻǿġӵӰƮƮ뼾ηգۼ䣬˵Լ
д𣬻ȥȴʱ佺š
ûб̽ҲûбտԿסˮϵˡһץͻȻԳˤ˵ϣﱻסӣ˰С
ҵˣִϲ㡣Ц˵ֱֱץס߸ߵؾ״׼ࡣ
̱ƾͲôһ㣬קӵ½ˡ
ûѪ촫
֮䣬һԼӵֱϣִֻض̴壬ְֻǸƱǰüȴǰһ硣
ͷЦȴӿһɹɵѪľӸ֧飺η硭Ǹӣһ롣
̱ƣǵðҹŹӲͷ˵仰սӵֱۡӵֱССо˹ͷѵĴ죬üͷʹ߬ŵ೹飬˦˵ϡ
̱ƴڵϡ׹أˤصһ̱ƶеľ죬ǰһļƬˮԺӿ
һѪ벻Զļηͬʱˤ˵ϡ                        
лҪ˵һҲдúʹࡣ

 59 

̱۾
ǴϵĺɳƤЩۡճϵɰȥͻȻӿһ¡
̱վǰһƬǳǳ̲Ϳƾɵ洬۷ڰߣЩ֣ԶһЩĵطǼ֮⣬ĵ˸ţɢдûмůĹʡ
̱ƵţӦŰߴźˮζĿͫʱѰҪ󣬸ʱԶǼյƻӳС
վԭԥƬ̣ǼյƵķ˲ӡ

û߳ȥԶͻȻ׹صһС
̱תͷķ򣬵͵͵طӣзĵͺ
ǸȫŻˣд̵Ŀǻ㣬ô·
̱΢΢ͷǸʮųǿԶԼв
ɤӣ֪⽫Լ˵ĵһԣЩɬ죺·ûС
Դƺ΢һЩģӺֵӰ˳¹ϣӳһʸֻ˫лһᣬ¹֮£΢΢طŹ⡣ӵؿ̱һۣϷɺ죬ͷת˹ȥҹߣû·ܿͻᱻġ
̱νվԭأؿ
̱ƴ𻰣ֽͷת˻ֲ̱ΪȻı飬ʲôסԼ½ǣ˺ܾãõ̱ѾʧȥģҪתͷߵʱ¶һС˳ѵҲԳģ
Գ̱üͷоӶǴĴ͵ģûʣԲ֪ʲô˼
˵Ľűһܴʯͷʯͷϵ̦޺ǴӺҳġ̱һʯͷ˵ϣʱǿʯͷ˻ӦˡȻ˭ҹߡһҿʯͷţȻ˵˳˵֮ͣƯúѿ
ʮǿʯͷ׹ֱʯͷ߽ûСĺҡҡλΣʱҪˤӡڶ̱ƽֺ·ȫ˻øһ𣿻᲻䣿ѵĻССϺҵɣˡ
ϵǳ˵̱ˡ
Ѿߵ˺ˮûλãںû취ģ̱ƵҲûüʲôȷӦʱԼѾ˵ߣץסϸ
˾һеʯͷֵû˺ˮС۾ģ㶵ؿ̱ơ
󡣡̱ɿ֣ǰȻţᡭݳڵ󡣡
ζúԶССϺߡ㣬⡣˵˼Щӣ̱Щ˵ãüͷţһԴȺáģ֪չһЦ¶һűһ
˴ؿΣһԤشۿУֱֱ׹
ҽκʲô૵ʵ
̱ƵĳβӺˮð˳βԼͷ֣ûá
κβһۣͻȻ¶һɫԾҪϼȴһֱֱ˹ȥ
ںͶӰӣ̱Ƶסκ죬ڵȥκԵ֪ʼЩͷۡ
õضĻѩƬһڵĻ̱֮Ļ֮£һʧȥ˻ľżѩƬһĻһƬƬƮ۾
ɫţ˲ںκɣɪɪ̱ƽеһ塣
һҹκ̱ƣ͵͵һԺ˳ŵһ·κһ͵µȫ̱ƵڣΪ֪͵ʲô˼κ̱ƴԶһص·߳ûסЦ
κҲûΪζһҪԳ̱ƣûĿĵءԽ˰飬뿪Ǹ̲
ûֳƺв㡣̱ƸԼ˺ü֣зκһһˡ鱾оɺü죬һͻȻ˳Ʊ֣ϣ꣬𡣡̱ôš
̱κźߣ˽߹˲ٳСκĹһ̸̱ơ̱еʱǱκ˵ɺ顣˻ݡϷԺˣ¥̱
ѩƬµٶͻȻˡһƬ̱Ƶ۾ͻȻգһۣǸˮ̱Ƶ۽ǻһ
һжһ죬Ϣرˡ
˽һСǣκ̱ƣ˷ܵ˵ʲô񲻾һƳͻȻ˳ǽĸʾɫȻһߣ̱ƴҴҽ˳ǡ̱ƲԣæƳһۣǸʾϻŵˣκ
κͷ̱ڽϴҴţſͶ޵ĵҡ̱֣ûüϾʲôͻȻڽϳʮˣָκУʲôκɫһƬҰףס̱ƱܣɹѲڣվǱ
̱δ꣬ûãƾ˵ˣҲѾ˺ۣۡκ󣬾ҵشϢţѪָϵκקקӣˣҸ߰ɡģҼˣ죬һ㡣
ļ̱֮塣κ̬ȴֻ֣÷κЩˡһ뿪ˡ
κٴλ֮
ʱ̱Ѿȵý겻ѣβҪѭκζȥκͻȻһ̱滨ף̱ƿջſڡ
ˣûʲôѪɫһ̳˵۶ϡֻͦãЦ̱Ƹ˵ԼˣҪԷ
̱ƽ̳ϽӹƤ̵þˡ
ĬغȾģƹѲʲôû˵
κתеľƱ֪̱ƾãʱѾЩˡؿ˿ڣﳤúƯ
̱Ժأз첻
κ̱ϵЦЦоһͷȥֱһʱ򣬾ʹŵ뿪˼ң͵͵ܵ棬żȻҵһ޸
ֻһܣҽҵ֪ҵ֪ˣŵҪˡΪסܣ˺ô˺ôĿ࣬ҲزȥˣȴĸԸΪԸ޸ҵˡ
κЦЦǳȻֻǸңֻ˼ĳ谮ЩСᣬƯͼʣ̧˸ᳪţһűŶӡ
ΪǸܣһֱСУǸеŮܳ裬ΪԼΪûкӣʧ˳谮ƴһҡ
̱ƺ񳹵˯ˡκᳶԼ½֮£״ֵһպϣһŤؿš
û뵽ȻһκЦˣҵŻˡҽҸϳţ°ܻ˼㽫˩ڲһšãһжҵĴҲ˹źڲÿ찤ߴ򳤴󣬳ʮ꣬ҵͻȻ֣Һ̳û棬һμ棬ң벻ֻҪĻҺóԵġ
뿪ǸһʲôԡҲͷҴ˳ϴɾòסҵҲܽб˿߼Ĺ˽Ҽ֣꣬Щǡ
һ죬һˣȥšҸ˻ˣûҼˡȥ˿ͷȴڣֻǸˡ
κͣסû˵ȥ
̱ͻȻˣţҪˮȡ
κ˱ˮ̱ƴߣ̱ƺˮͻȻЦʣƣûڰϣõȥ
̱ƺˮ΢ѾƣԲ˼ᣬֻ̰꣬ȴǲġ
κĹ𣺡Ŷԣ˵㱳Ѫš
̱Ʒͷ淳㲻֪ʲôûУû˼ˣҪͨ˾ͺˣͲùЩôô
κͻȻŵϣЦſЦȻǲȢţӣ׶ɡһʱʱȺȾơ
̱ȴͻȻЦ˵ʲô㣬ҸŮôһ𡣾ͺñˣѵзףʲôСзˣ
κͻȻסˣЦЦͷһھƣţҲǡ
̱ƾɫЩԣȥôˣǲǷգ
κ㿪֣û£ͺˡֵݸ̱һյƣЦ˵ľơ
̱ƽӹеľƱһͷȥ                        
лҪ˵˼۲һЩǧֳ·ϡ

 60 

̱ڵϣ㶵أͷĻһ񷡣
ʱȴ߲һɫĻ׹Զ׹صĺ죬ͷǿĻҲҡҡ׹Ҫ䡣
̱һ㣬Ҳض㡣
ƬĻһƫѩƬֱ׹Яƣ̱Ƶ壬ѹ档
ʹ
޷ʹͷ­֫дҪڲ˻˺Ƭʹ̱ƵʶĿлѡ
ȴ֣ʶǺѾ˺ƬˡԼ޷ŲһָҲ޷ƿһƤʶ֮ģƺֻ˷ġ಻ݵʹ
ʶͽ͵šŭţȴͽִ͡µһʹʶʧȥ˵ֿɪʹļ϶С
ơͻȻڽ
ơһϤ
˭ڽҵ֣˭֪ҵ֣˭ߣ
κˣˣڸκȾƣιȥˡʲôˣҵʲô£κأκô
ʶץסǵʹĺУ
ͷĴϣ̱۾żŨصѪζ廹ܶһɨſڴߣǡ̧ͷκˡ
κϡ°ϡϡǰϣմѪɫ͸Ųĳ죬⧲̱Ŀԣһ㶣ЦˣһЦһ׹
ô°ԹԵؿţЩԹ̱ƿԼŵĶ
һմѪĵŵģһѪܵġĶβ
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̱ڴϣѪ£½Ҳˡ¶ڿеϣѪģ˴ˡˡƤˣҧˡ˿Ҳۿɼٶš
ʱ̱ȫֻ۾ֻܶһκû񣬿κһƣһۡ
κǸ۵Ķ̼ˣ˫ֳڴߣü²ŰԼסˣҡҡλվյ̱ǰſ࣬ͷ㻹ǻȥģԲԣ
ɢľȣָ̱ƵƤҪ˵ĴƺȻֻأ̱ƵͷЩ˶ˣͻȥġ㱾ͲֻǱסˡ
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̱Ƶ˺ܾã۾࿴ȥκɢȶһպһţ֪ǻ
ۿϮһ⣬̱ƴȫţʶͷľʹ֧֮ţձɢΪ̳
֪˶ã̱Ʊѡ
͵۾ǰĵұһɼûҲ΢
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ȲˣͲˡʱ鷳ɡ̱ƽֻץȡ˳գʮǮ
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˵ɱ㣬ȴһˡ̱վؿǷһ
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ǷһԣǷһҵ૵˵ţʧ֢һ㣬˫һ̱ȥ
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ҲҪˡۿӵ˫־Ҫ̱Ƶʱ̱ͻȻڣʹ˫ۣ˿˵š
ҲҪˡ̧ϴЦǲǺɱ㣿̫ϧˣ䲻
ӽԭء
̽ͻȻԽӣ˳̽
̽彩סˣ̱Ƶ۾˫۾ж˲̡
̽ʹңǰ㿴ˣ࣬㻹ǵôش𣿡
żתͷ̽ûԼرһΣһų̽Ĵ𰸡
̽ȫûпӡֻԽӵ壬̱ƶӣ˵ֻҪһ˿˵Ѫͻҿˡ
һ䣬ӵɫһ˲ûҰףҡҡ׹ٳŲסԼ塣
һ䣬仰Լʵģκʵģ̱ƵдſԶġӸµ䡣
̽أ̱Ƶ۾Լʵġ
̱ƻãôҴһ䣬Ҳֻһˡ
ڶ֮䣬ӣסԼϥǣͻȻХһЦ
Ӱͬ⣬һ˲嵽˳̽Ӱֱװ˷飡
һ룬ȴͻȻػعͷ̽飬ûбѪĭ⣬Ǳһıǣڵϡֻ̱ƣЩͬ飬ʬ壬棬ɺС㡢ʯ
֮УһХ
֮⣬ĳ˵ϣӦûŵĴڵϣ³һѪ
ˣźöˣ̱ļ򣺡ڳޱŮ޶ࡣұ㻯޵ģû뵽ͷԼԸ
ĨĨ۾̧ͷ̱¶һѿЦһۣͺˡ
һĻκͻзˡҪô룬͵͵ѶңҲûǿԽλû򣿴ʲô
ưɡЦˣϲǣҲϲġ
ô̱ͷҪƣٰһæ
̽տտ߹ǱҶϣжܡֻ̱硣̱˵ıӰȴţǰ
ʱ̱ͻȻعͷ
̽һͣԾЩɪ௣ҪڵǸ˵ԲԼһ˵һ˵Լĸף˵ҵһ۾Ͷ㡭˵Ҵû㡣˵̫࣬УһҲ˵
͵ɣ̱̽ƿƽ˵š
ţ̽Щ㶣죬֪Լʲô
͵ɡƭңҾ㡣ң־㡣壬Ҳˣ͵ɡ
֪̽ԼĿ˵ʲôǡҪˣ
̱ƿʧӣ̾һ
֪Ȫ·ѡ֮̽䣬һȪ·ûйˣ·ҲԼһߡ
Ļкĳֶó̽޴롢Ļţֻץǰˡ
ǰץס̱Ƶ䣺
ƥѿ̱˺䣬˷Сۣ̤̽ǰӱס̱ơ
촫̽㶵صͷȥԼĸ첲̱۶ˣɵش̱Ƶ们ࡣ
̱ƻعͷ˳̽һۣתȥ
̱ƣ̽һΣ֣Ǿĺ⡣üĿˣҧǿų˫ۡ
̱ԥһ˲عͷȥ
һѵ촽ӡ̱ƵĴϣԵѪζ̽˫ûа취ץס̱ƣۣҧס̱Ƶ´Ѫӿ˵ѪڿһĲҡ
ˡһ̱Ƶʧһ鲻۵ʯͷ˵ϡ̽ʧȥˤڵϡĴĺССĵϣֻʣһˣӣ򴽼µ̱ƵѪƿЦź磬ȥԶ                        
лҪ˵ʮ£ҧˡ
  ǧִ£Ҿõˡ
  ļдú࣬ŴҲúܱһҲ
  Ѷȥ֮ȫĽ۵׷ǿƣǣ
  л׷Сɰӡɶɣ׷Сʹûǣúдڡ
  ϹҲ͵ģ࣡

 61 

ȪǸСӣиСȪһСĺۡٵ񣬴࿿ŴΪ紾ӣ򵥣вͬѰ·
ȪȴһЩͬѰ¡
֮ǰСͻȻֵһˡ
һƺǣҲǿΪһȺ˵Уû˸ӣ꣬ŮиС
Ҫ˵ֵطǾǡȺ˶̫ÿˡÿϷﳪĻÿøȪƫԶطС롣Ȫÿһǵˣ̲סĵԼ·һһȺˣȪʲô
ѹѹϸŵڼùͷͲϰͷԺӵĴš
ȪϣһȺ˵ġ
컹źڣȴ˴Ϸӡܲ׷ϰ֡˯ѣԺ׷ȥ쵽ߵʱͻȻīɫĺ߱ϣԼԼ߳Ӱ
ӺߵģΪԼ˯ˣʹۡ
ûпһˣиаͨڵñţӺл
ýһ˵ϡﲻֽͣЩĹ£ȴվҲвſǻڵţؿЩվԼǰ
ͣ￴ԼһһͻȻһֻ֡
ÿ޵øˣһ߿ޣһߺŰ֣ԶüۻԼ
ŵһ㶣漴Щһ˻ȥƿñһߣͷĳ˵ӷ׼ҪŮܲ׵ġȻλŮʩ
ɫӳģÿǰ˵ŰӷļһĲ⧲غ
﷢øϽϵЦһ򿪣ȴǸŮӡ
õһۣӲʵտʦأ
ﲢûÿһСһŮӡûǻֻǰſţŤͷˡ
ӽš·ƿӰڣߵƫԼһ
Ȳ⼸һֱܣӣǣɵġ
ںߣǶýԼΪ׵̣Ǹյˣ˷żҾȪΪ˲ɷģ봬ǰĴײ˰ҿʱ밶ѾԶˡźһ·ʱҸط½
պͲɷʲô˼ֻȴþǶǺˡѵĺȪҵطţȴǸҶˡ
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һǣߣǽ⴦լ˽ȥȪСס
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ӷ𣬶лʩˣԺ󲻱ô鷳տʦġ
û鷳˳ֵ¡ò˼˵ţ̧͵͵Ƴտһۡ
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ôһ֮£һʦôˣôɫôף𣿡
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տعͷȥĻǸԴҵСûʲô¡
Ŷûʲô¸ϽأŰ¡
šտӽ˹Ҵҵ˵˾䣺лɩɩõǰš
죬йίǿűסᡣ
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ɲ֪ΪʲôտʦԼԴҵСþ̲ס﷢ſޡ
ᣬͻȻ˽ã
øϽĨĨ۾عͷЦŽеܿɩɩ
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Ҵˣܿɩɩõ֣С
ţϴȥسǴ󼯵ʱ򵽵ġôӻͳܿɩɩȴ΢е棺ܿɩɩûСҪⶫʲô
ܿɩɩŲ˹ĵıת£С鳷졣СЦرᣬõ֣Լ̰棬öûˡ߰ȥԹӡ
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ܿտ᷿һֿۣЩ۾ҲûжʣֻЦЦȥɣҸԡ
ãܿıӰ̾˿ת߻ԼķԨſڴ˯ˣôһˣСС񴲱ߣȥЩġ
ֽܿţߵ˴ߡ
˯һ۵СӣԼĪиӣϷӵĺǶԼ֣˯㡣
ܿؽק˳СüͷЩص˵ȣȴûѡܿЦЦеĲ˹Сֺ
С߬Ŷָˣư죬һϸϸβػСһ𣬰Ѳ˹Ĳˡ
տֽ᷿ûеƣкЩһŵʹ
𣿡̱Ƶ
šտǿţŲԵĶ
оˣ졣̱Щġ
СտץסӵһǣҪأԽԽˣѾˡ
ϣһ̲Ѫ
̱տվ̲Ѫϡ̱ץտһСտһɼǵĿӣۿɼٶţɾϾҪõʱ̱ŵǵ˿»ȥѪ˲ӿϵ̲Ѫտɫֲ԰һ֡
ڶ֮䣬̲Ѫ룬һ鶫ϱѪȾ˺ɫյýˣǿϳǰ壬ŵģǵ                        
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Ժ󲻼Ӱࡢû
»١
л׷

 62 


Է
̱ưѵϣտ£߹ȥš
ŨѪζ˳ŷ˳ü濴һۣûתˡ
ַ̱ſϣ̾˿ЪŰɣǸСĶԡҴѷ˸ͽ
տ˵ͷ̱Ƴţˡտ뻹ðһʰ˵ϵЩѪʰȥѾðˡտվһһ룬ѪɫˮͰ
гԷԼȴû⼸ʱаͳȫ˵ʱ̱ûȥټķˣϣֻԨˡ
˳Ĭų˷̱Ʒ˿ӣȴûԨһûȵڣһӣװ𷹲
̱ĬĬؿæ˰ΣͻȻڣһ𣿡
áԨһֲҳﻹһ뼦Щ͹ˣܿҲԲ˶١
š̱Ƶͷ޻
װһԨ̱ţûҪߵ˼˴֣̽ʣտû԰ɣҪҲʢһ𣿡
̱ڷ㶣ͻȻԨˣţŶãһˡȥɡ
Ԩû˵ʲô˵ӡߵ̱ͻȻͣˣʵ׷𣿡
̱û̻شĬһᣬֿڣȷһ
Ԩ˵ͷһǺѾһЩɣҪʱ䣬ѾԽԽˡһһ£ڶʮ£߸£Ƕãĸ𣿡
̱ƿǰıյڷû˵
νǱҲǶӵ塣˶ͣͣ࿴˲ٺ÷羰ҾͦõġԨͻȻһԾͻȥܿǰʰš죬׼Ҳ㣬ˡ
Ԩ̱ͻȻ
Ԩ
Բ𡣡һ仰̱˵ģô
Ԩû˵ʱ˿̣˵ʲôֻĲ԰סǸСӣϢ˳ȥ
ԨĽŲԶ룬ֱ̱ͦıǰյƣſϣϢ˺һ
ûáУ˭˵š
֮һֱЩ㬵ġƭܿɩɩ˵Ҫؼңɰһȥ˳ǲġ£˼Ҳ޴ȥԵ˺ߣźϹš
ˣͣ˼϶šǺСϣκˮ
տҲǴ⸽ġ߸ߵģһ齸ʯվϥĺˮҲߵôȣȰֻҪȣһͺܰġ
ýһСӽ˺ͻȻйίһӱ㷺ţһԼһ˶ûУڷſԼʹʹ
ôˣһЦͻȻǰ˹
һ̧ͷ
ǰվһˣźɫӣܸߺܸߣðͷúܸߣֻ̫ܿվţ׿һ̫Ľߣ֪ΪʲôͻȻܵһϡ
ֻϴβһǰ졣ϴտǴξ飬öǰӵˣѹ˺¡ĨĨϵᣬЩ˼ûô
Цһ峺ֺõ±ּһ֡Ķŵʡ
ûͷָָ
ﲻǺ𣿡
ȴû˵ʲôƽš
ÿ䡱һº
˴żɫĶ񣬴Ŷñӡڳ֮䣬ͷǷֻü۵ĻЩףʱˬʵЦţʮЦܺõкϵ˿ʮֿ׵ġ
Сһɺܺŵζ
ţõԼտʦÿģɣˣôԼ˵Ļ
ԼŲ𣿡˿ʵЦţһɺܺŵģˮζ
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ЦЦ¶һżĻûнʲôոʹˣƽҲҪ㣬Ķ
ңҾϵ˰ģְˡ
ոգȥʲôط
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𣿡ͷˡ
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ʲôˣģﳤģΪʲô˺УüţѾ˲Լǲǵ塣
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õֳ嵽ۿϣҲ֪ΪʲôǺܸˣһ˷տʦĺãһ㹻˸˵飺ǵģǵģǺˡ
ǣտʦ߻б𣿡š
СôҴҲȥᣬѾϳԼˣкüĸ
һʳʱϢʮֲȣ΢΢ŶҲ֪ûлһܺÿˣֻɫ·ܸߣܰɾƽʱܰ˶쿪Ц
üëûôһˡ
˵ĺסˡ
տʦ֮⣬ǻһúܺÿˣ˵ûɫ·ƢҲҾûЦɾ͸ˣϺü˶ſȪϣ֪ڸʲôһſһ죬Ū࣬˶˵ѹָָԼԴ⡣
أʲô˵ɫȥܲá
̣ʲôҾͲ֪ˡ
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վƺ׾ˣЩˣߵģʱˤڵϡ
Щ֣ţôˣû°ɣ
ȴͷҲûأţߵԶˡ
ô°øϽվ׼׷ȥԼкܶտʦ⻹ûأôֻԼľߡ
׷󣬽˺üͷء
ˣ˲ñģǰһץסֱۡ
ͻȻ˦ֱۣƳһۡ
ͻȻԭأֻţȴһˡ
˽Զˣ֪˶ãûι亹һ˲ȫð˳
һڼ˰ЩԼû޶ӡ
ĬĬıӰһ䡣
һˣΪʲôıӰôһأ

 63 

̱վܵ棬һֻס˼ˮ
ûտ֪ʲôʱվͬһǰʵ
ûС̱ҡҡͷ˻һȥĵطеԶ紫ѶͷλҲҪȵϡ
տıӰżɫļװŵ۵ʯԳǰʱЩտҧһ촽Բ𡭡ԷѹѪֶΣܰʱظ׼ȷһ㡭
̱ƻعͷȥԨ￴ɡǴңȥʲô԰æġ
˵꣬Żȣȥ
տ׷ʲôȥڣһ˳ȥȫ
̱ƵĽŲ˶٣ȥһȪȪﲻ֪ûʲôۼһˣȷһʧϴŰɣҸǾߡ
˵ӣûдɡֱֱ߽
տӰ´µʧĻ̾˿ת˶᷿
̱ƴǰôϲꡣÿʱ򣬺Ⱥʮ궯Ҵźϵ쫷磬ÿһ쫷ȥмĴᱻƷ׹뺣סЩ˺ϲЩĶ
̱ȴϲǸںϵʱãѱľͷ㡣Сʱ͵͵ڴףϵĴԱ˵Ц衢ʱһųȴĺӡʱѴǸϽǵʱ򣬾ͺܸˣϣŻѣȾƳ衣˺˰ѾǾ̱Ƶĵһˡ
ںף˵ϵĴԱǶˡ
ȴˡµĴʱ򣬻˸оȫˮۡ޷ĸо̱ƾԼǸˮ壬ĸоܵᵽһЩİá
ˮһкȪǸС·ûʯ壬ǳ߳·ˮڵϣɢĶе̱˲ãԶԶؼǴССȪϣˮˮ
ȪȪˡᲽ˹ȥ
տ񴲱ߣֱŵһСѡǼССϰƲҰŪ֪ôǺá
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տЩε֧֣վм䣬һǴľ׮ӡ
ܿæСһС鶼ҪȥСġϴ©ҹ·˷磬˺ôһܿڻھģθϸ
ԽæԽվмȥµտۣɴСԼտһţʦţҿӡ
տ־С㰸һţȫСЩ׽β;ֱϣ֣ԼմſˮСտĹͷģԼСͷֺǺЦˡ
տʲôʱð
ʲôԨС⣺Ʋ˵𣿴ûҲ߲ˡ
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֪ȷʵ˵ҪϲܻŰɣҳȥտȥͣ£ͷԨ˵ʲôĻܵߡ
ܿߵԨ࣬СԨտһһĿտ᷿߳š
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һ㶡Ȼܴ󣬿һĻһ֮ⶼ塣տһĭŻȣһ̽š
ȣȵԼסŵȹķţ𣿡
˰Σڴһͷ𣿡
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ɵؿһۣš
տǰ˿Լķȥ
һָƿšԼסСķӣϤغܣõѩһɸɾֻһŴһΣûܲ˵ĵط
տŻȥ̱Ƶķˡ
ͻȻͣ˲ӡ
̱֡ߵʱûйԼ
ߵͻȻôˡտǰͻȻһڣеߵһӽ˴ƿɼظ緭תš
ͻȻֹͣؼеĶͣΣһſŵͣ˿֮УǾֹֻһŵӰǶŵģտ߲ײһΣţʧⷽ
ֻһ˲䡣ʱ¿ʼˮճкڵϡտ˸飬͵ػͷȥȴʲôҲûп
̱ѥӣ˹ͺͺʯϡ
ȪʵһССٲȪƽյʱˮŴͱϷ·ȪÿʱϷˮײһ͹ʯϣγһССٲ
̱վǵٲʯ֮ķ϶СĵطʯڣԼȥѥӽ»򻬣ʱŲʯͷϣˮر䣬űЩ졣
ʯϣȷϣԼѾ˴ĺۼһһ飬ɾˡʱɫѾʱҲûˣ׼ȥߵš
վþˣЩҲˡһûȴһ򻬣ûзһȥ
һӰֿٲˮס̱Ƶ壬ı˳ƽʯϣı󣬽˻
̱ڱʯϣڷ㶡˱˰ͷͷͷļϣ̵ϢĲϵƤؽһ
̱׻ͻȻѣֽʯڷһݺȥ֮һˣôҲҪϼ߹ǡ
̽ѾϵĶһ㣬̱Ƶ⣬һסֱӽָ߸ǽϡ
̱ҧһֻȵʯڣ뽫Լĳ̽һƵȪȥɳ̽ȴᣬһֻȼ̱˫֮䣬ؿԼֱ̱ú̽ײȥǰȴͻȻһڣǰʯµȪˮзת
̱ƣ̽ĶߣûٽЩİˡҪҪҵ򣿡
̱Ƶ尲̽ͬƹһ㣬ĶţҸҵΪܡܸͬǱܰɡֻҪ룬ҿԽܹκζݸ㡣벻һ£ÿʱ򣬶ʲôܣ
һȴ̱֮дǰһĻĻѪӲĻ档ݼĴϡ̽ĴϡУںߣ̽Ǹµϡ
Щǳ̽ġ̱ƲߵƤ洫̱ƵķӦʮ⡣
̱Ʊ۾ɫţȴüë̽ŵᶯһ£ƺھȫѡ
̽һ
ҧס̱ƵĲӣһƤ⣬ĥˣ̱ơٶĻɱŶ                        
лҪ˵ˡ˼Ӱࡣҿܲܳʱಹһɡ
֪ҵдһµ˶á
иˣ֧ˣ

 64 

֮ǰһֱںԼЩ˵Ѫ
ɼ֮ұ㿪ʼԼЩѪ
㲻֪ʱ˿̵ңжôлһѪûа취ңûа취ҡ
ŽСñǼز˲̱ƵĲдһ˿˿ίֻԼ˵ţҺ㡭
ͻȻһա
ǸŵġϢŵģȻ֮䣬ƾʧˡһǡˡһ˳̽Ľűߡ
̽һ˲伫޵ſȴûв׽κζ
̽ϵıǼϵ˵࣬΢΢Цˣɫȡ
Ҳǡþò
̱°ںˮͻȻ͵һѹ
ˮ£壬سһˣҿˡ
̱ĨһܻһȦ·𻹲ų̽ȶȣڱĺˮҲûȥһʱЩɡ
Ǵ塣鼱ֻܾ֮ͽ̱Ƶɫոˣǻκˣ
̱촽û˵ǰԲĺ򣬱ŴʵԿϣܲܰѼǼһ
ڣܻ˼̲Ϳ̫ԶˣûԹΪʲôô𣿡
̱ƴӼĺˮ˳߱˵˵һչľ룬Ҫ̳֡
˲๵ļûٶʲôŷٴӺˮ˳̱󣺡Եȣԡ
ֻڵϼ˼ʯӱǣǰĵһף۾
̱վһԣص
ΣͻȻ۾㵵ؿ̱ƣү
ôˣ̱üë뻹̫Զ𣿡
ҡҡͷǲŵɫǾ¡ҵͽȥүǵԺӺ񱻷ˡ
ȥԺˡ
̱Ƹһۣڱ˴˵۾ж˾֣
һ̣˵ӰͬʱʧԭءվĵطСʯӣµµš
̱ӰƾճԼҴ֮ǰ˫ַϥǴһʱʩչԶ򣬶˵ǵһΡ
ԺһƬƽȫʲô쳣ɴȥԣȴԼԲʩչԺǽ
̱ߵԺǰִŻϡһߺɫӡ̱ýżŴˡ
߹̱ƵʾȥȻԺǽһȦĺɫӡԺȦ
Ѫ̱ƵĽżڵϵ˵㣺ӦûʲôѪ˵ľֿռ͵򡣡
³һŻϵֻƿˡ
˵ɣҪʲôֱۣ΢΢üԺ˵
̽һֱβͲСϣͷļͷ˯㡣̽տܿԨڵ룬ɳһš
Ŵ򿪣̱Ƴſڵ˲䣬̽۾һ
̱¶һʮˬЦһָڴǰ꣬ģСӡ
лҪ˵ҷflagҸնҪ֧ʹӰࡣ
ᡣԺҲflagˡ
СĲһᾡʱдһ㲹ϡҪżӰȥˡ
˯

 65 

̱ƱŸ첲ƫͷƳһŵļˡ
̽ͷһۣû¡ҺϲһΡΣҲµġ
ֻ̱ǵ˵ͷ߽Ժ̽棬վˣ˫أҪбĶݸҡ
̽ͷŻ˯ݵСӣЦָָıӣԨĺӰɡŹֵġ
Һļ䣬ھͰݸҡ̱ƾ˫ûз£ޱ˵š
̽¶һ˿įƭˡҰ㣬Ųٸ˵ˡһʲô취ƤӵһߣԲԣ
ɫ֮ίį̱ƼҪЦˣø㵢ʱ䡣ֱ˵ɣҪʲô
Ҫʲô𣿡̽۾һ˲
˵ҿж̱ʼ硣
̽ȫûеļţ·˺ܴ˵Ҫ㣬Ҳϸ𣿡
̱ȫЦҪңҪһɽݵķʲôѵΪģΪκ£֣ŷѾǧģ
ֱֱ̽׹ȥ׹Ԩȥ׹·꼫ıţ޷ϢΪ̱ƵļΪǾ䣬ˡ
ǿѹţþȫ̱ЦţģҰ㣬ֻܰ㡣
̱ؿ̽ΪԼѾ׼ɶ̱̲סɪһ£Ҫ㿪
֮䣬Ĭá
㲻ǰҰɣ̱̽ƴЦ⣬ʳ
̽·ͻȻչɹİֻ̧֮ͷһ㣬ȥ̱Ƶ۾ȴֻУ˼
ǡļеסһ֣һӱˣǴӳĵ꣬˴ˡ
ǡ˵ţͷȥ̱ƣҰӺܶܶǰͿʼˡ
ÿЦ𣿿ЦЦɡҹܲסԼҲܡѾ⣬Ҳ뿪ˡ̧ͷ»ָ˾ֹЦô죿
ңǿ̫ˡ̱ƽַŪţ۾һЦ۾ŶˣаԸĸԸɱĳ̶𣿡
̽һֱϲ̱ƵЦЦʱ򲻶ࡣżЦʱ򣬶ǳűڷݡЦݣΣƯ
֪̽Цݿɱˡ
ͷͷʹҲ̱һЦҲĸԸԼ͸ɱġ֮վ˵ɱңҲҪôٶ໨Щ˼ɡ硭ڴϣͲô
̱ϵЦһӽסݺݵؿһۡ
ڶ֮תһȦʵʵͷȥˣû˵
̫̽ͣã°̱Ǽˣ˻ͷԣҰɡ㣬ǣڶΣգֻܰǡ
̱ƹȻע⣬ÿüֻ˵Щûõġչ˵˵ʲôΣգ
û𣿲ôطôм׷׷׷ʱ䣬ԽԽ̣
̱ҧ촽ûд𻰡
̽Ƭ촽ɨһۣ¶һ£˵ǲҲ֣Ϊǿ޲¥ĲҲôΪڻĵ۳֮һ꣬ûֶΣ൱ڴ룬ȫҲټҶԼƿԽԽӦ֣Ͷŷգκˡ
Ͼ޲¥ôһλεľݵǵҪмѭöࡣ޲¥һʱ䣬һˣס˼취ʳһЩһЩ·һβ֮ǰҵ
˵̱ƿڣϾһκˣҪˣ
̽˵ͷȫɱġڰɱĻκң罫ڹʱʱ򣬺÷ҧһڡ
жã
졭
ǰκһ죬̱غܣ̽Լ˵򵥡¹ˣɲ
㽫κֶθңǷһ飬Ϳˡų̽˵
̽ЩżĴҶʱտǿӰɡֻʩչҪý飬ǿʩչҲֻǿѾȫտˣϡѾǿ֮ĩˡտأʲôֶΣһУΨԨЩսСη򣬻ҴӴ̽鱨ѧģκĳ⼸ڷ޻֣Ըһ֮ܳŵʱ
һ仰˻̽ɤӣٴʵ󣺡Ұɣ
ĬƬ̡
κֶΣôǵģҡ𣿡̱Ƶٴ
̽ĻںͷƬ֮жһ̾Ϣţ
̱ƵͻȻ
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ԣ⼸ҵǵٶȣԽԽ졣Ϊ޲¥Ļ֣ԽԽˡ
أ̱ͻȻ̧ģһ˿ޣֱ̽һʱ佫ֱӽڣҳ
̽ĵףԼЦһ£УҾ𣿡
̱һͣ촽û˵
̽һУҵ飬Ҵ뿪Ⱥˡκҵ򣬶޷Ҵꡣʣµ˱㳹װȫˡ֮󣬿ܲںԵĻֱӷ麣ҲԭĴɡ
̱ſڣҪ˵ʲôֱ̽Ӵ֪һ˴ߣ㲻ĵġһֱӰκҵǣҲһˣһһء
̱Ʊ죬ų̽ɫӣţû˵
ͷ˰죬ʱ̲סˣקק̱Ƶ䣺үšҿͼı죬ӣ˦ЩˣŶռıˡ
ᣬԺӲ˶֪̽һ
̽ûж̱ƵĶȴһˣѾͷƬӣ˵ʲô
ӣԼ˵㰡Ⱞȥģûҡһء
̱üĿûŻͷˣ̽ɤӣЦˣҲû´ȷʵ㡣ΪȻϡҪЩͷ԰ɡ

 66 

ק̱Ƶӣš㿴㿴Լˣı飬˫쿪̱ǰų̽ű
̱ƺݺݵ˳̽һۣ˵ľģҿûдıҪʣµһԼŰ죬߰ɡ
̽ЦЩϣûʱЩ
̧̱̽ƤؿûЩСӵİϷҲãִҲգҽձȷظ㣬ûʱ䣬ҲûȤ㡣
̽ϵЦһ˻ȥʵǰ̱ƱǲЦǸֻΪ֪ٴ̱ʱʲôı飬ϰЦʱڲЦˣãˡ
ôزΪһԹ뿪𣿡̽Цˣ̱ƵǴĲʳߣɫצӣȴĶ
ǲ֪Ϊʲô̱ƾı飬ʺ
˵װʲô޺ӡ̱Цһ˼װӣ¶ҷøЩôţòιιУǲǹⳤӣû£
֪̱̽Ƶļ̫˽̱ˣ˷һƤ˵һ仰¶ܶɡֻǶ˶٣ԸҵԾңһðҵû
֣⣬˵繡̱̲ס˲֮ǰٲ棬ˮһĻϵıȻסûɶɶȴغˡ
Ҳٲ֮µһĻˣɻûϣô㣬ûʲôֵġû̱Ƶı飬һأڳű顣
үù𣿸ղͱǽϴ򣿡̱ûӣŽżյ̱ƶ˵
ôô죿Ӷ˰үС׳۴򲻹Ҳע⵽̱ƵĶ䣬ʮĵļ򣬰ο
̱Ʊ۾һ
ôдڳŵĳϣûܽйʲôȵĶԻ
ǿѹȥ̱֪֮ʵ㵽˺ܹؼϡԼǰ̽ȷʵһ޿κεľϡ
Ǳߵĳ̽ؿ̱ƣĦɫ仯׼ʱǡôؿ˿ڣѭѭգΪʲôҪôܣҷŵ飬˵һ˰ȫˣҸߣҲȫӦ֪ҲκˡκôһѾ˵ˣһٵԸ㡭
ǿɲһ̱ͻȻЦһϾ֮ǰҲôġ֤ұ㣬㿴˭ɵӣ
̽סˡһʼǴĿĵĽӽ뱳ѣ޷粵ʵ̱֮乣ŵԶǵҹλأԼĨȥ¡
޷ֻܽЩںޣͨͨǿȥأţҡ
ôˣ̱ͻȻʡ
̽Ȼ̧ͷ㶵ؿ̱ơ̱Ƶһ¡
ʣﻹκһô߱κ˵Ҳš̱Ƶûʲô顣
̽۾һĬĬصͷȥ˵İɣһˣûʲôˡ
̱ƿǰԼͷ궼ĺӣʵǸܺõϷӣһʱ֮Ҳѱ̽˵٣̲סüʵˣ
̽ͻȻסЩԺ󣬶ģԺ˵𣿡
峺ûᡣ̱ƿ۾һ֪ôģͻȻתͷΪʲôҪǣЩ˵棬㡭
ұΪõһġ̽ǣǣЦһ£ӻУͳһ
һıֵƿССһ̽ϡƿӻһΣ͸ƿУʮССҩ裬жһö۵ĺɫɫҩУۡ
̽ƿǣ˼öҩԼģбöɫġ
̱ĬȻؿų̽̽öɫҩ裬̱ƶţ΢΢һЦԥȥ
̱ƿľٶԣüë
̽ʣµļöҩŻƿҩƿһף̱ƣκǵĶɫĸҩЧꡣ֮ѪҺ۽һ㣬ÿʱÿԼġֻÿԲ֮ʱʱƿеҩܽⶾᱻԼѪڶմֱΪ̿
̱ƽסƿӣų̽ƵĽͣ˻ƿǼöССҩ裬Щ
תۿ̽뿪˵ЩʲôȴͻȻɫ
̽طϣ˳վ
ļϣһ˲ڵİɫ
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ʱҡҲȥûֻ˸ɽ㾲صʱһţεʹ֮࣬ǰĺҪ࣬ѵ𣿡
û뵽۾ҡ˵̽Цһ£Цһ룬ȴֿһŽ˵֪ʵ˵Ѫڷת۵ʱ൱ڰȫѪһ顣ѪҾȻһ

̱Ƶζˡ嵽ǰס˳̽׹塣
̽УЦţһƿҴκѹγģΪԷһʵ̫ˣ򲻵ѣõġ֪ˣܵ취ġ
˵Żüͷתͷ³һѪѪڵϣ̷˹һ
Ŷ̱˵£һֻһΡһҳûþˣͽϡ챳ֱӽƿ˾ˡ
̱ƿŻеĳ̽巢ž˵ָ̣̱˴ǣдһ˿Ѫմ̴ָ֮С֮̽УӿһǻѪ
ɼʹʱ۾ŵģ·ֻҪ̱ƣһ㹻ĵ顣
ƿҩûֻʮšˣô죿̱š
ûü㵽νҼߣ˵һˣһ죬Ҳֵá
̱ƾػûг
̽۾ҲתΪ˳졣ӸˣתͷڴڵŻѪ
̱̾˿ƿеһöҩݵ˳̽ߡ
ȴû뵽̽΢΢ƫͷȥ̱ܿƵ֡
̱üٵݣ̽ȴֶ㡣
Ǳ״̬УȴڵóѵġЦ⡣
̽Ҫ֣̱ҧŭֱ
̽ȴȴᶨأ
ӡ̱Ƶͷһ䣬һ㣬ҩ躬ͷ˳̽Ĵ


 67 

һ̣ȣ̱Ƶķ䡣
̱泯ſţȴѲ̷£ֱִӲ϶˸豭ǿʼˣñǵźڡ
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ڵĳĬϢ̱ƵĶˡһ豭ϣǣ㿴ʲôأ
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Ҳҩջˣô˶ſ𣿡
ûջҲû𣿡
У}ûţˡ
ÿ
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Ȼ»ǵÿ֡ɤӣȣү㿴Ҳûô˵
̱ӣģô˵Լײһ׼ɣСأܷȥ
̽ӸղſʼһֱܺáʱϵЦģԽԵλεģûұ߬أֻҪˣ˵ҵˣҵˡҵģҵʲôС
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˵ִҰĵ˲ͦõģҲʲô¡Ȼϲɡ
ʩԭˡ˽ˣǵңҪһµġ
տʩһתˡ
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̱ƻվڴǰĳ̽ĬȻţѽһССİ
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أȥ׷š
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֣صص˵ͷ
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һһУ԰ΣΪȡммǣʲôҪ嶯ң
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̱һۣŤͷߡ
̱̽ƺߵýͷ䣬һֱ߳ȥԶûлͷ
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ԶһϦȺɫĺ档

 68 

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󣬻վһˣ˳ֻվ̨ЩԶԲҴһɫñֱӽϰȫסˣֻóʮӯӯһգǳǰģ·ʲô
ϰд˸ת·ˣ϶Цλү·СȷϹˣû⣬ֻ
ϵɫһûϰ˵ʲôһñ棬ͻȻһ߽ͯѽۺ
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̱תһ룬ó̽˵Ҳûеֲֻ÷ˣ豭ŴȺһ
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в̱һ¡
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̱ƵͷеıӣЩ㶣һǣЦһ£˵ǴǰϰߣԼˡ¼Ȩ񣬻ʲôýġ
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̱΢΢ƫͷ˵ǰ¶࣬ĵúã㻹ҸĻҿȷʵеë
̽һ˿įκˣվЦŴǰ¶ҲðҾͦá
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̱̽ߣһһ˵޹ؽҪĻ衣
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ţţϢϢɡ̱Ʒ±ӣ齴ߡ
ûͻȻͷ
ҡ̽ͷϢ
ȥĶȥϣ̱Ĳ˼顣
ͦġ
̱Ƴϵͷֱ˹ȥ̽һѽסˡҵԴϣ͵ÿư
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ΪϵζرҲǸ·ʵˣ̱ûз̫๦򣬾ֱ˳˯
һƬžĺڰУ̱ͻȻ۾
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̱͵ػعͷ
̽ߣ۾غţȵĴϢԼĲϡ
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СҲ֪ʲôһ첲ôô̱ҧгݵظ첲ʹžȴͻȻһ첲ͻȻ̱һ̱Ƶĺֱײһţˣ̽ŲŲӣ˸ƣͷ̱ƵĲϣ̾˿
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ȥզ죬˸̱ٲʲôĶˣѧ˵ҪǰŪˣһĻ˵ȥԼҲҪˡֻѹɤӣָܰѳ̽ѡ
جˣﺰ̱Ƶķ˿ڳ̽ϣرҲƴװ˯̱˵ţŹҲûѣֱ㱧ڻͣ
̱Щţüͷӳ̽ȥٺ˵ˣҸûΡ
̽һߣ̱ţۿҪסˣֱӽѹ̱ƵϣεشԼ壬סˣſڣҲˣʵʵű𶯣ǽల£
̱ʯһ׽סˡڰһӣʵʵصͷ

 69 

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ƣӲΣǽ¹شҶġ
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ηŹЦݣ˶һۣɫûȫִӿջĴԾ˳ȥ
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Щ£졣ʱʱң˵һ
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ϰ㶵ģʶؽĶסˣһǻƳγһӣ긶ǿһࡣ
ﰡϰ૵ģǸ¶ѲȸŮˣôࣿ                        
лҪ˵Ժһ11ġ˯Сʹ쿴

 70 

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ϣȥʱ䡣̱̽Ƶק˹ӻͳӣϸϸţɾ𣿾š
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֪Ҳ͵أҲ˵һѪĭ裺ô磬̣
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ЦˣͷݣԼѪˣ͵أû˵ö̽ɣ۾úãҪһֻ۾϶𡣡

 71 

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̱ƴԭأ̽ͷģһͷҶˣ                        
лҪ˵12ǰһ

 72 

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̧̱Ӻݺݲ˲촽ԸֻһۣС˹ȥˣҾ͵ҧˣ߶ˡһ飬岻
̽ƿֺǺǿȵ汧˳̱ƵıӰҶеģʵʵĹҲôαװ밵ɱûǰչ򡣡
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̱̽ƻǰȥסСľѨ
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ҳˣȴûߵ˶УûСԼԹ˵ǸûõˣʱһƬУ˽Լɹȴ֪ôģǰ˵ǲһõˣ˵˲ġ֮ǰָһǣҵһ顣֮ҲûгԹǡ
㲻Ϊʲô𣿾ΪЦˣЦ֮ǰЦһ
ˡ̱Ƶص˵ͷȻûٶʡ
վʳǸСиڶˣûܸϡ
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ӰͻȻԤϵʲôɴ۾㣡ֻ㻹û˵鱨㻹ûʵӣʲôûʣһ£ȡ
ĺսˣˤڵϣסԼĺţأٶˡ
̱۾
̽ǰôӰ
̱Ƶɫ˵İס̽ǰأסļ򣺡صκ³ڲһ򱶡ʴȵģҪ롣
̱ᷢŶ̽ļĵ΢һ˿Ǹϸ̱ƵһֱӵС̽ŷ֣̱Ƶ·Ѿʪ͸ˡ
Щ̱קס䣬촽ȫѪɫҲŶҪ飬ҹȥ
˵ţͻȻŻһڷڵѪ飬˻ԡ

 73 

մʲôȥģر
һƬڰУ̱۾
ؿڷƣѹһʯͷ̱һۣǳ̽˯աһֱֻ۴̱ϣһҲѹ̱Ƶȣͷ̱ƵļϣǳǳغţϢȣ̱ƵĲϡ
̱۾ӦһǰĺڰƬ֮ɤӣȡ
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ֻ̱̽ƵϣʱԼ¶ȣˡⶼ°ҹˡʲʣ
ʱ̧̱֣ץס󣺡ϸҪϸġ
̽̾˿ù̱Ʒ󣺡ȥ֮ôжвѡһһ󣬿ɼϢ˳ϢҲƽȣ΢Щ㰲úְ֮˯ȥ˸ڣ΢һ£ʹȥˡһ·ûˣȥҲǶߵͱڣӵ֮ʯͷһֱֱسȥˣվŵ˺ܾãȷһʧŻġ
š̱Ե˵ͷ۾һ
ڰУֻЩɫ̱̽Ƶ
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ˣȥҴûںԺʵûʲô顣һͷ߰ɣʣµĲ֣ճɻ˾С
̱ƻ۾Ҳʬϵʱģ㶼ˣ鷳ҸʲôöȥһߣøɾЩ
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ұһ죬˺һܣѪܵúܣʵܲˣԡٻѡ
̽㶡
̱ץԼ½ɫģ˵ԡ¡ȻǴҹ취ŪһͰˮ𣿡
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̱ӣһԼˮ
̽ţˮأսеıӣˮ£ûϵҪҡȥռˮɡ
á̱ƴˮð˦˦ͷҲģڣûϴˮ衣
ҲǡŸŻѪˮЩȥ
ãҲϴˡ㻹ȥɣպˮȻյȡ
̽Ѿߵſڣָϣȴ֪Ϊʲôͣ˶վһȭͷת˻
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ϵˮûǲ㱡ȫʪˣ¶漡ɫɫͷ˿˿ƵճƤϣͷϵˮ飬ŵ
̽׷ǿˮ飬޷Ų૵ģҡ䡭
˵Ҳ䣿ϵǸ´̱ƽ´Ӽקϡ
ϻʪţʹ·Ҳǲеģġ̱߽̽һҲ֪ΪʲôԼҪס
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ԼǽڸԼ֮䣬Ϣ̵ģ̱ƵĶͷţһ顣
̱ҧһ£ԼŻѪֽ֮Ż̽СӣҲ˵شֻһֱֻεؿס̱˫֣̱Ƶ󶼷˺죺ַ̽ʲô衣
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֣̱̽ƺۣϥ̽ȥ
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̱ƽ˹ȥҲüҡſңѪյģҿһأƽϡ
˹ȥŵĶ䣬͵˳̽ǰ̽죬û̱˵ʲôֻʣǻڵˮġһĶһ˿Ҳޣȥ
еﻹ𣿳֪̽ˡҧĲ·ĳӡǲϱһƤ棬ӿѪѪܣԼշת顣ռеĿм𶥣סľһֻԼܽӵýһ㣬ٽһ㡣
Ϻõۡ£ǲûз㽫ЩƬ˺䡣ʧһ̱ƣ̱Ƶ͵ļį
ֻҵĲϺòã־ãȻţǰˣԾȫȻ˵̬ȣֻʶؾã϶Լ
ȴû뵽˫̽ɿǯס̱Ƶ֣˫ֽסֺһš
˫ȴûлסĲӣǴ˳ֱ̽ϣأŲ֡
̽ĶͻȻסˡ
֣İ̺ۣ֣Ǵꡣ
𣿡̱˫۷ſգͷյĵطεĹ

 74 

̽ĴϢ̱ƵĶࡣ
Ƭ֮һأ뿪̱Ƶ塣
ԲͷСһϵƣһʱϡ
¡̱һ½סţɫ䣬ָ糣Сг嶯ҲġҾ͵ûҪ´ˡ
̽ȴס̱ƵĺԣԼĶͷģ˲䣺ҵǸΪĵģκһˣԼǿӵϡʵ˵жкܶ࡭˵뷨˵ŵصúúõģһʱûס
ӵϼǸķأΪ̱ͷָ¶Ƚ䵽̱ƵĶϣЩ΢̱鷢£ȥյĶߣ´εģϣУԸԸ´Ρ
***
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տڰߣĽٵصšһããİξĺˮһƬȻһͳĴŲӣͻȻԶԶĵطһڵ㣬ƿŨ򰶱һš
һ໥ϢܿԨȻ۾Ԩֽؽ⿪ңܿһޱչˣȥ˰ߡ
˫ֳϰܿͷһޱסˡֻͷ¶ڱ棬ͷŰɫէһǱˡ
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šԼЩˣͷ
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ڲڣ䣬ôǲ̵ġЩ϶űò׽Щů˶һԽã˭֪滹ʲôʡСںأ
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ùָԼһ룬տգգ۾˭˵Լģǻһ
***
ڵϣץһɳץһСָ˵ڿ谡裬ű̲Եĺ棬˵ݡ
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̽ЩЦӻͳеɳ۵ˣŻңô··ӶӲ
ôˡǵƤʯ䲻áվ˺棺˵ˣڿջžˡ
ֲ󣬶̶һһʧһŮֵˣùٸҪã̽ǰ̱ƲվţȻ¹ٸܲ鵽ʲôҪǱϣܹ黹鷳ңӰһģмˣڰҾãǻʱʱһȽϺãҪٷֿˡ
̱ƶ̽˵ÿһ֣ǵµŽ⣬
ǰĺ棬һͷų̽Ҫº
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һˡ̱Щ꣺ϾЩڣôҪεǿ
Ϊʲôˮʣȥ֮󾿾ҪЩʲôأ˵𣿡
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ˮҪôң
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أɢ¶˾׳šۣ̱̽ƻ
һӣչȥѡǵðҼкˮˣûӴЦ̱ƶ˵һ䣬ȥ
̱ţعͷ׷ų̽ıӰ㣬㲻ǲˮԣˮţ
ӭ⣬̽չֱۡԡڵɫĹظߵߣ·ͷЦһ£Сʱ¹Ҳ¡ڣʲôˡ
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̽Цһ£չֱۣ߼ƤֳϸѺƽƯչһ£ߵˮûĵطһβһˮˮƮƮݣû˶
ָ֣ź棬ر˵ӣ𣡽㣡
̱סС죺ǣˡ

 75 

ˮˮҪһЩ
̽۾˳ǳ̵ĺˮͣţӦˮ¡һβ͵СιһȦָ
̽΢΢һ£۾С㱻һοˡ̽Цһ£ֽŰڶˮȥ
Ȼ̱˵ˣҪˮУѰҿ뺣ˮͨĺۼʵڲһɵ¡ҪźףһŲȥ
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̧̽ԼһۡϵճȻ޺֪ǶĻʬۻɵġ̱̽Щ෭Ѱӣһ
ֲһŲҲҪϴ衣ԼȴΪ
̽ҡҡͷԴ뷨˦ˡô˵ԼϸϸˣҪ
ƽӣںףϸϸܵ̽
ռ㣬ɺڣ̫ⱻˮ˹֮󣬻ʣȵںסʮֻ谵ϳ̽˫ǿܿЩ
ʱ˿̣̽Ѵעϡ˵ˮвӵĺˮζ˵Զ׼ġ̽ûбȶζֻҪˡźףһȥѰǿǻֵġˮеζ
ˮµʱ򣬺ʧȥʱİѿء֪˶ã̽һֻ䣬ʼЩɬ
˶ڵˮʵҲȫӦġںˮпɺͬˮˮƺ׻ƣͣڵˮдһʱ֮󣬺һЩ飬ؿҲЩơ
̽һڡĿǰԼźߣѲȦʣºȦû̽鵽Ҫȥ̽ĻҪѵʱ䣬Ӧòղһ
̽˴ؿڣ³һֻԥ˶̶һ˲˾
һԶ̽ɣʡ¹ˡ
̽ڶ˫ȣν˺ųīɫһĺˮ
***
ˡһһСʯӣˮ£ĵһߵˮҲԶ˺ĵλãųˮ
飡˵˰ɣҺ̱֣ŤͷΨһĹڵҫҽ̸㣬ˮƯص㲻ʯͷλΡˮ֪ʲôˮˮܵ⽲һɾ˵ˮûܱҸˣǡ
ΨһĹڸûľʱ֣ͷԹæţץһСʯͷ²
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ؿŵʯͷˣƲǣҪޡ
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ȫںǳԣȵҲν
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̽СӣȥѾʱˡ̱Ƶİο;СǲΪ԰Լҫأ
˵ҲǣСԴӻ˸һӴúܡСʱԼãü˳ۣԼ˵ʱҲװðɣͦĵġٿڣҶѹԼͷˣԼƢ̫ˣҪһᣬݺһ٣֪ǰ׽еģ
뵽ѳ̽קڵϣ˸ӣȥɣǲǱڵǿûϵһЩҲûϵ
ŤŤʮ⣬һͷɵרĳǡ
ڵȰʱٲԼʹȥϾ¥ԱٻںŰɣ
֮ôôˬ̱ƿųǳԵˮЦ
û뵽ͷˡ
һЦ⣬˷ԵӰд
̱ͬ糸һ㣬˲䣬ӣó̽·𣬻ڻУƺ򶼲棬ӰҴҵأʧһïܵС
***
ˮ¶ԽԽˣֻԶԶû̽ܳܵĳ̶ȡֱǿطֿǰˮһٵˮۡɲ֪ΪʲôԽΣԽЩŤ˵ﲻԣɾǸоЩ֡
һȽԼֱо֣ͣͣˮС
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ͻȻָ䵽ʲôǱСĵĴһ̽Ӧܿ죬ǶסˣõǰȴС㣬һСʯͷ
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˵һֿܣǾǡӽĵλãӰĻ
̽һźģ˹ȥ
***
һƬžˮͣںߣĵϵһܳԵĶ˿ŤͷԼë
ƽĺͻȻһֻԴ˷ܵشšˮؾɣһë
ȴûд
̽Ӳյĺͷһ۾̧ͷһۣйһԼˮµʱ䣬ҲЩŵˡ
Ȼôãˣ϶ȼˡ̽ڶ˫ۣɿ򰶱˹
վȥվˮһ
𻰣Ҿ͵ඡֱŵһС˼Ц˵һ䡣
˰ߣԼĿӻ̱ƹȻû񡣳̽ҡͷЦţ˿ӣڣѵǵȵòͷˣ
ҲǣôãöˣӦǴȥԶ˰ɡ̽ԼܻһȦǡѲҵ·Ҳһˣ
ôһ룬ȷʵ¡ҡͷЦЦǰ˼
ɫȴͻȻһݣͻȻһˣüĿ֮͸Ѫ
ǰ˼С
ûܳԶͣ˲ӡ
һϣŵ˸ߵѪ
̽ǰȥ¶ڵϣҲһЩѪѪ֮УһɫĲԼ۵ӡ
ִ̽ȥѪȵġ
Ѫ


 76 

̽۾
ֵһķʽǰչкۼҶкۼµгڷ֮ĲݴԾһֻӡ
˫ִ࣬ճȭ
Ȼأ˫ۣӣ米ϵĽرţ˻һ֧·һҪҶ
̽
һϤ̽ıֱסˡ
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̱һѹͷԼнȥһĨѪһ˲˲ؿų̽ţٵش
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̱̽Ƶ۾кصĶ֣ȴɿˡ
̱ƽݸ˳̽
̽ǵһΣڹĵط̱ƵЩ˰̡
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Ȼᡣ
ǲͽˡ̱ЦЦתȥŲ㡣                        
лҪ˵Ȼ

 77 

Сԣֽ㱧ģõزһС㣬βϺһ󡣽ڼУʢС죬Ͼδлζʮ
̯ͷϣǰϣС߸ţаôߡ
ĨĨǣ˸á
·˼Ǹ߸ߵһ룬ͷָָ
ͬŵļ˶ֵŶͷţӶ뿪һ
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ͷ벻ҲһЩ
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̱һѽƿˣЩʲôһ̧ͷܿ
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ڣҹûκһҪ˯
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Ťͷ̽ôˣôЩ꣬ûܺĵһ֣һƢ
лл㰡̽¹·źÿĹ⣺Ϊֹɡ                        
лҪ˵һϷŰɡҹСѡСʹлݲݣҪѧҡ˯쿴

 78 

̽ӵϼһСʯӣָţͻȻ뵽ʲôЦһ£ʲôΪֹ
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ܿ˹һ
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ܿö׹Ŀڣڲݵ˺ѷεޡ                        
лҪ˵˯ֻϳûˡ
Ϳˣʱһųɡ

 79 

̱ϣ˫ֹؾصذǰ۾
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һöûУʲôۻһ˸ɡ
С˴˳ǷϹϾ̬ʧˣ˫ֳס棬֧ȥʼȣһƦåӣ°ָָϵūƯѾߣûۣ
Ҧߵǰƺ޹ɵ˼ţӷաĻһԣûʱ˵ϻǱϢ׼׼
ηߵҦ󣺡׼̱ԴŸңȻ׼
һΪǷκ˵Լˣ԰ػϣٶء
˵ˣԸһУԼκԴΪۣκŹˡ

 80 

Ҧһֻ̤˵ԣعͷûиκᵽ
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ãˣǸˣҦ˸Ź⡣
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ʲôΪʲô֪Ǹ尡Ǹκ֪ǻȥ塣ηӲ˸ӣֻҪ΢Щ˽̱ƵˣܿװɣôǳԵ塣
ҦĬһһԵ̨˵ң˵áһΪԼʲôĵزʵ˵غܡ
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̯ϰǰһСﰤ㣬Լһܲ
һ۵С̯ӣҹ̯ˣû뵽еĹš
ŵһλһһ˾ÿһ۶ԽֱС̯ϣӭŶֱĵϾƸһ㡣ȣضʲôͷĹӸ硣ƫλӣ̸ֹʮֵƽ׿ף̲סøС
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ǹӵĺһǿڸȥ˰ΣõŪʣµģЦһ£ƽƽ棬ôóԡ
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 81 

𣿡̱סҩƿһͷЦЦȷʵ֪
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 82 

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 83 

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