صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

пռ䡷
ߣ껪
1 ɷŮڻ

սջָʶûüԼȻûԱ˵
һŮĵؿ޺۾ΪﰡҪΪ𣡡
Ȼһ͵Ů˺޺޵˵¼ĹҲ̫ˣǴһӣôܰѱƵˮȥأѱȥҪ
и˵ĸǷģһñóĹ
ս
ﲻԾ
ʱ죡
ңЩ˵ôôİ
Уȿô¡
ս͵͵۾һ죬ɿɨһۣʱò
ﾹȻǸɫķ䣡
ңЩ˴Ļǹװ
ѵϷ
û豸
ѵǸոտ©ˣ
ս͵͵۾㿴ϸ㡣
˭֪ظһۣԱߵСѾͷͷˡ
ϲؽеˣ
ս
Բۣôʲô
ȻһУ˶ˡ
һ˲˵սϣˣΪﵣˣ
һͷ׵̫̫ͻȻӴĸСĸŶˡҪٲѣĸҪȥˡ
һվĿеؿսһûģ
սˡ
ǣ⵽ô£
Χûκ豸ĴԽˣ
ǴԽ˹Ŵ
ս˲˶ˡ
Ȼƽʱϲ㺺ǣһ㶼봩ԽعŴ
ûпյ䣬ֻ裬ܹ
УԽԽˣȳԱ˵
սſڣҶ
Ǵĳؿء
̫̫˲̬ʲô˵ĸó
ʾ˵һֱ࣬Ϊ˸
˵գתͷԴߵСѾͷ˵ƽȥȡ¯ŵ࣬Ҫá
ƽСѾͷӦһ첽˳ȥ
ûһͶһڵࡣ
սĶ
ǰһڴϣ
˶ӣžԼڻ˹
ڴϣһߺ࣬һ߲ɫع۲ˡ
һ۲ս˷ܵط֣Ǹų裿
̫̫ǿ꣬Ȼر谮
ǻһֱ˵Ҫ𣬺ݺʰʲôĹ
ǻ˼ԭ˳ĹһӣűĹƽ˽ˮӣһֱ²ʡ
˱ԭȥ
սܿ࣬ĥŽô졣
ʱԽ˵Խ
̫̫ŭŹչ˵Ǳ뱨𣡱ôܾôˣ
һͬصͷϱʹ˴ȥѳ¼ĹҲӽˮһݣ
ɱѾ鵽ˣʿдʫ̵ֻҪ±¼Ҷøᣡ
ս
ԲۣҪҪôײУ
ǵ˼ǡȶְ
էû﾿Ǹʲôĵطûҿ
˭֪ͻȻ˵˵ô𣿡
⻰һ̫̫ͿӶս
սѹе󣺡
ԥһ£̽ſڣҪҵǸ
˭֪˵⻰ͼҲ̫ˣƽˮҪɲôɵ
̫̫ͬصͷǰɲѧЩĳëʲôԵ±Թ뺦㣬ǿɲ
ɵս֮ôöˣǰɲô֮ʡ
սֻԼǱĳˣжʱ
ʲô˼
ԭôĺô
Ҫǲ뱻𴩣ԺǶܱˣ
ţͻȻΣյĿһֱ
ԥһ˽̫̫ĸҾǺ¡
¶˵Ҷ˵ֻܹõԭļ䡣
Ȼƾλĺĳ̶ȣҪǱˣ֪ôأ
ãսԺܿðһѵļ䡣
Щʱ佫Щ˳ϸ֮󣬶ʱ˶Ӳˡ
ھȻԪꡣ
λ۸ոո˻ʵֶӳɹλԭĸԭֻǸСΪսսϾȹ۵ΪϮ档
ǰĿխZԭĴ磬ѾΪӡ
ԭи褣
սѪЩ̫Ϥˣ
--------
úڰ壬ص㣺Ǵ飬ָǿȫ裬ﾭ̣ʳβǿˬŰ
-

2 ˶

սûܻ
ΪšխZ褶ʷϺպȨǼ鳼ȫú
ռҾ׵ķɼ塣
ڳŵŮխZ褵ãк³
ˣԭ˳Ĺ
Ĺɲ򵥣г񣬽һرŮ档
ʷϳɫʵĻʺ̫̫̫ú˽ֵĴ¡
սǵãŮ˿ǸĺΪĸױһ޸̫Ӻչ˺ı
Ÿ˱ٴжնףŮȫ˽̷˾
ԭҲսʷȻûмľ֣ȴҲݺݼһʡ
Ϊԭ޺ɷ鲻ͣñӻɷ׵İ檣ɷѪġ
ײеֶΣӦٴռȴ˳ȥͳǲ
ҵ˶ԭҷռңԭΪռҸĵ
Ϊϳ˴ɫʣкܶΪŮӰӾС˵
ЩӰӾС˵ռȫǷɣԭǸ޴Ůڻҡ
ս
ڣȻôŮڻң
ǲú֣
ȵȣ
еطԾ
ΪʲôԭļȻָ
ʷϿûм¼һΣ޵ķĴ
⣿
ѲɣԽĲʷС˵
ˣ
ԭļǸ޿ħ
Σδ޻û޹ȥȫ
ʷȷʵûмȢӣֻд褹ܣԺܶС˵дһԶ䣡
ս뵽˸Ӳˡ
ôǺΣգ
òᣬԭǱİɣ
ͻȻ
°Ѿûˡ̫̫ĺ󱳣۵˵ĸأ˭Ҳ˲㡣ĸѾȥ֪ͨˣһֻع
ս
ֻع
ǿŮ
۸˳ĹŮúݺݱ
ˣ취Ծȡ
սſڣҪ̫̫ıͷ
Ȼһ̧ͷͶխZӵ
ս˲ԭСͱ߻ˣһֱǸŰ˭Ҫʹ죬һҪݺݱģ
ΪǰķӦԣխZѾġ
Ҫ˵ˣխZ˵ᷢǸðƻ
Уռ˿ɶĺ
Ҫ뱣סСͲܱԭ裡
ԭһŰ衣
սѧԭƽʱӣݺݵ˵ĸŮҪţŸŮǸ
̫̫İ壺û⣬ôˮӣȻҪŹŵǸ
˵мߵߣ˵¼ʲôʫ鴫ҵĴأɣ
һεεСȻһԲϾ͸Ҫ˵̫ˣ
鷢ôã¼ҾȻҲû˵ĹǸɼûǷأ
˶٣ŤͷխZZɼסˣܷŹ¼ң۸ã֪ռ˲Ǻ۸ģ
խZͷĸģԲó¼˺ù
ս
ιǲˣǡҡι
ȷʵ޹
ԭ֮ñӴΪ˵ŵĻ
ԭȻСͱ軵ˣȴǷǳݺĽġ
ԭǸֻɱ˵çԭΪŮô̵ˣ
ƽʱϲߣһͳ˳һӡ
˭֪ݣֱӰƽ˽ˮӡ
ڻǶ죬ǵʱվͷ϶źʵĶ
ԭȻŰ裬ȴûݶϳӡ
һӴںʵĶϣʵǺۡ
ƽˮأȴҪ
ȻѹҲִս
ܴԭȥԭ³óŵǸҲӦõġ
ֻǡʷϵġսҲƽˮ
ôܾе㲻Ѱ
ʷҲԭ˹Ǳ˸ˣ
ʱԭ˹ΪʲôûУ
ѲɣǱģ
Ҫǵ취ף
ȵȣôˣǸرԭŰ
ǵҰʷжμأŮҪָ
û
Ҳǹùġ
Ȣ˸Ůޣҡ
ŮҲûúá
۴ͻּ⻹ûȥͻȻء
±㲻֮
õܱǹװ÷ųݻκȢΪޣϵû޳ȥֻһƹŷ
ԭѾָҪװ˻飬ǸС۵˿϶Ź
ǸӰ
ܿǸ䣬Ϊıֶӻĥˣ
Ҫǵ޹ȥѰ·
Ҫװ˻飿
-

3 ɺϻԤı

ҪҪװ˻飬սʱò⡣
Ѿ£д飬
ڵĵ֮ȱסС
ս뵽;öûš
ոԵ࣬رСװ˶١
ԭѾһ죬ڲŹˡ
ս̿˵ĸŮöԵ
˵ͱһۣ㰡㣬֮ǰҪʣһֻһڿ϶ˣ
ս
ȻôҪˣ
ʣ
ںܷ
սͻȻ⣡
Ҫֵ㣬Ŀ˵˻飡
ˣⲻ˵ҪԵ̫ٻûôᱻƵˮȥԺҶˣ
ԭһһرԡ
ô˵ռ˿϶ỳɡ
Ȼ̫̫ر⣺ǣСҼҵģֲ֣Ҫʣ
أ͸öԵ㡣佫ҵŮɲЩҵŮһݰͰͲġ
սϽԼһۣ治֣ǷЩá
ʮŮſʼϸϸݣɸɱġ
ԭǴС˶Եʣúܲ
ĸҪͬ˸˴ͷҲˡ
ܷϴ
СﲻЩϱ߽ӴЩҵŮһϸϸݵģֱЦΪԼ̫˲ÿ
ɵذԼû󱻳ƽ˽ˮ
װ׶С
ս̾Ϊԭеϧ
ʱѾȲѾȡµȻͲԼŮЩ
ս룬žöӱˡ
ʱխZȥ̫ҽ
̫꣬ҽҲˣǸӻ׵ͷӡ
ս˼䣬ű˷ܵ˵չѾûˣ˺óԵҩϷȸҩţˣ
խZϽлǾͷ̫ҽˡ
̫ҽܿд˷ӣֶΰҩʹСͯ뿪ˡ
խZԽ˳ȥȥҩҩ
һߣս̴˸ǷĸѾûˣȻȥЪŰɣۻˡ
ԭǸТ˳ӣֻ˵ʱԵŰ衣
սô˵̫̫ỳɡ
ԭļ磬Ҿ̡̫̫ӡӣ滹ܵǺ
ϧ˵źá
϶ر谮ԭԭºһֱ
һһҹ۲ˡ
սôһ˵ϱû֣һؿսº󣬾ѾߵĲ³ȥˡ
һߣֻʣսѾߡ
սɫɨѾһۣǵһƽһжร
ԭźĴѾߡ
ԭһĸѾߣ⣬м⡣
óŪݣⶮһЩҩղӦöС
ĸѾ߻һЩȭŹƽ֣ȭŹѧá
รɣóױŮ죬ԭƽʱЬʲôĶġ
⣬ԭļĸѾ߶Ĺ
ƽȽϻãǸ졣
ⲻս۲죬ƽѾ̲ס˵̫ˣһѣ¿϶ˣ
ս
һԭӣû˵ѹʲôÿĵģ
Ȼˣƽɷнµ˵¿Ѿδޣ
֮ǰˮԲѣͷö˶ҥѲأ
Ļ¾Ϳ߸δˣ
ˣܲأһѣ¿ɾͲñٴο޵ˣ
սһѾͷͦ˵ġ
ϧˣ˵Ǹ䣬Ͳҹﱻء
˸ۣʼˣǶȥһɻ
ƽͶรһۣߡ
ƽ۰Ͱ͵˵ūɣū澾뿪ôһСͱƽˮū澿ɲˡ
ร⻰̲סԹ㻹˼˵˵˱粽Ź㵹ãȻһо߿ˣҪʲôã
սͻȻòԾ
ƽʱǱ˽ߵģ
˷ԭļ䣬ϧԭʱע˳ϣѹûעƽѾߡ
ƽʵʱҪԭߣƾǵܰԭƽˮ
ƽȴպñ˽ߣߡ
ɺϣԤı
ѲɣԭʵǱ˺ģ
Ϊʲôأ
ö
˭ɵģ
սкɣԽ̲סˡ
װͰ͵ٴθˣԼܳʲô£ȥ˵ڶ飡
ֻ˳ȥˣ֤һЩ¡
-

4 սĽָ

ƽͶรȻ֪ԭƢսװͰ͵ģ˶ûٶ˵ʲôܿ˳ȥ
սŷŹˣ̷´ᣣʼ鿴ԼĿռܡ
ǰռڣխZ־úܣܵı˲𴩣һֱûҼԼĿռܡ
ֻԼָоĿռҲ˹
ûˣ֤ˡ
սϸϸӦһ£Ȼռܶ˹
ռ仹ǸǰһĶشСҩĺ߲˹ϹһȪȪۣԱ˸
Ū˸װ䡰ͷ䵱ⷿ
ڣռҲûʲô仯ɿˡ
ռ䣬սܡ
ǿѡǿٶȡӾζ
Թ֮սĶʱЩ
ܻڣȴøվѵʱࡣ
ʱѾߣȴһ׳ڡ
ڵܵȼȫǿҲֻܴﵽͨӵˮƽ
ռ֪ǸʬðƻСס
խZһˣͶԸˡ
ԭļ䣬խZСϰ䣬൱
Ҫ뱣סСٵðܵȼף
ǰգѳǿܣһʱŽס
طŨҪ˲٣ҪܵȼףҪʱС
У̫ˡ
ķӡ
ôأ

ոոѩﵽװعʤա
Ѿǳֵģ󶼶ߣС˵Ż
δˮԲѵѾ˾ǵĴԹȦӣѾ߾ûв֪ġ
һЩСѾ̲߱ס¡
˵չѹ𣿡
ɲ˵ǿǽ˱ˮӣȥ˻ܺ𣿡
ҪѲүֿһλδޣ
ҪѲǾ̫ҽû취ôأ
ү̫ˡ
һСѾ߸˵꣬һͻȻ˽죡үҲ˵ģ
СѾŵһϻȥڵϡ
ֵؿ֣ģū澰ɣū֪ˣ
ۿ
СѾ߻ᣬҲʮӣĻûôŻǸӡ
ֿ汻Żˣ̾˿Լʮ£뱻ͷԺ͹סԼ졣
˵ֿѾߣǣҼסˣӵ£ǿ۵ġ
ѾǷ׷ŵùڵϣҰǡ
žСѾԼһƣ۵ֱȴͣ
ֿģֺĵ㲦ҲΪǺã˽ºֹˣԺʲô˵ͷۣΪū澵ģԼӣ𣿡
һȺ޷Ѿͷ
Ҳүɱˡ
ղЩүһ˶ġ
ֻϣȢүܸĸİɡ
̾ϢһѾǿеġչüͷ
˵ռҹǸŰӲ֣Ǽ˱Ҫñӳˡ
ΪǴԿˡ
˭֪Ȼģ
սȻñӳ¼Ĺ
Ĺ游һλĴ壡
սҴ򣬻ʲô
Ű裬ȻˮΪѡ
ˣүĿ֮϶
ǲպҪ޵
үҪȢŮˣЩ˵кӹ
ôһ룬־ս˸á

Ժиر䳡
ʱ䳡ϣһɫװ
ٶȺܿ죬ңʮԶԶվһԣҿ
ԶԾƤѵĴʹС
һ޲˵øԶЩһСľͱݡ
ǴźɫװһȻ
ȴǳƽ
ģ
үڵ̫ˣ
ѵΪռҹһֱûѣ
үԼ޵
ͻȻǿԶʯ·˿ߡ
ϸһ˲Ǳˣ̵׵ܵܣѡ
ѣǾ̲סԼүеᡣ
ѱǼүС꣬Ѿǰ˻顣
ǼүѾʮˣǶʮһѾδޣĵ߸Ҫġ
̫ˣ
ҪλչҲˣǼү֪ʲôʱȢ
ؼǣүȢȻҲ׼Ȣ
İ
ֲԼϱ
磡ߵ÷ǳ죬ɺɫڰããѩɫԵΪ޶ĿһϢҪ㣡
-

5 ż׼

ۿԽԽͻȻͣеĵתõؿҲǸ˵ʱ㶼ˣ
Ѷʱˣ˵ʲôֲܵġҵʵȻ㣬ڱʱĵ˵ðɡ
˵ˣŭһӸתڣʲô˵
͵ܵܶڱġ
ϷĶʮʪ䣬һͷ꣬Ǻܲϰߡ
˵֮˲ô䣬ɳѴСӹǾźЩܲܺȻǲܺá
ʮ˷ܣߵſھȲ˵磬ҸʲôϢ
תͷһۣ˷֮ɫͻȻ˲²⣺ôŸϹŵıŮѾˡ
Ѳؾ磬δأ
˭֪̾мЦһδޣϹ𣿡
Դ󾪣磬ѵ㲻Ȣ
ܹ˵ɡ̲õؿųѣңΪС£
һ˲ֲطôСأ㶼δˣʱҶˣ㻹ûء㿴ϴ̫УβͶҪ̵ȥˣ
̲֪Ǳ£ǲ⣬ɫЩڣģʲô£
ѿһȱȱģͻȻ磬ǧô룡ϴҪ˶ӣ̫֮λ͸ˣĹͱˣƾʲô̫ӣ
̵ɫѸȥ
ƾʲô
ƾϴȳֱΪӡ
ԾٺãֻҪϴûʶῼ
ϴѾΪ̫ӣҪ⵹͸ˡ
̫ӷǴ£
οǰϲϴĴ֮ʵͲõλԺ
ΪԼ棬Ǿб֮λ
Ǿ͵ƺˡ
ᣬȵ
ϴ岻ãֲԶˡ
Ϳ˭ĵù˭
뵽俴ųѣˣִ治ĻԺᣬø֪ˣôʰ㣡
ǵĸֵ׳꣬Щ̫Զˡ
ſڣûҷ
Ȼ֪Щ治
Ҫ֪ˣԲĹǡ
Ĳ˵һٱٲ˵ġ
ɲ밤ӡ
Ȱ磬Ҫ㻹ȢǱɣȻֻ˺սǲݸδܸܿһ
ҲܲȢչǾˣõǱۡ
˵˵չǸѵõĴˣ㡭ӽЩԺ
Ȼ̻ȱȱܻʱ򣿡
ŵŮȷʵŰ裬Ҳÿ
ϧǸӲģڱǰͦţһµû£ʵɨ˵úܡ
ôԺ˻飬ÿһͶ£˵
ǻʲô˼
ɲȢŮˡ
ڿޣҪŮû֮ڣͲȢˡ
ĻͻȻЩ硣
սܻ
ôеΣأ
֮ǰûһ˳ģ
սѾǻþõˣ˭֪ǳˡ
˹ɾ黹аʱ䣬㹻ܶˡ
ԽԽ̲סҪŮȥİȫ
ؾܾأǻ֮ڣ˵û
һͻȻô
ȴ̲סʣҪˣԺô죿߸㸸ʿΪָ飬ЩҲϰŮ޸ˡ
ǲΣŮӺ࣬ѲɱҲһʵ
Цһⲻţֲͷ˵ˣܣ֪ô
۰Ͱ͵ؿκͻȻʵ磬ǲǲϲչﰡҪ˵˵ϲʲôģܵҰҡ
ϲüͷ벻ԼϲʲôŮӡ
ֻܺ˵ٲҡ
ɵصԲ۾ҪҲ̫˰ɣ
ҵ׸簥ǲͷôģ
ħŰ裬ɱ飬ĺġ
үǶܱŵӣοǽεεĹң
㡭ս˵㣬Ҳǹﰡ
㶼µŮˣǵĸҹɣ

ռңսͻȻ˸硣
ɵؿ˿Χͷ
ô£
ѵǸðˣ
ô
ʱ⴫խZɤóҩˣڿԽ𣿡
-

6 ̫ľ

սխZܵر񾭡
ϽһԭӣȻ˵ȻϾͺá
˵ѸʰãŴ򿪡
խZȵؿ漴õšüͷĲûãô´ȥţ
˵պɵؿŵλãʵղʲôˣôŸˣ
ս˲խZðƻ
ûʲôһ˴š
սصɺãխZҩ룬ʱЩˡ
뵽ԭҲϲҩֱ׳ҩ̫ˣҲȡ㿴ҶѹˣͲúҩ˰ɣ
խZڴߣҨһҩ֭͵ߣ΢Ц˵ǵǰҸ˵ĺӻô𣿡
ս
롭벻ˣ
Ϻȣ͵խZ룬ѿɬҩ֭һȥ˺ŵһĨ죬ˮ
ˣ
Ҫڣ
ƽϽȡˮڣһ۽۽Ͳˡ
սغţвĿɬȻζѹȥ̫ˡ
խZһԿţͻȻ˵ǰɴԹԺҩôͻȻʵˣ
սϽ˵磬֪ˡǰ£͵ﵣˣԺ϶ԹԵģ
˭֪խZȴ˵˭˵㲻ˣҪ˵̫ˡ
Ĺһô㵱ʱ͸öӣƽˮô㡣
ս
֪ԭô軵ˣ
׸簡
ȵȣǲﲻԾ
խZĲǹԭ̻
սĵʣŲģһأ
ɵɵխZɸֵش˴Ķͷȥˣʱ˵ԼСˮ
ս﷭ۣͲܽõõģúõ˶̻ˡ
խZﻰָ˲١󡱾顣
ս˶ˣ
խZ˵ͷͷǵģòԼɣ
սץס֣磬˵ǰʷ׺㣬ǲģҴ˳Ĺ᲻ǣ
խZɫʱѿ˭˵ģ
ǳĹ˵ģսѹظ˿˿ڹ˵׾ǸҰɱ˲գ۵ç
˵ʷǲŹף³ãԽţԽǸ˰ѱ
ҵʱųһӣ˭֪Ȼң
ս֪̾ŮԿ϶к³
ԭˣʬǷԭʵ𱨣ԭԭ³˵¡
Ҳ̫޳ˣ
ðԭݣѾˡ
ô˵ҲխZ̫֣еһֱţͲýǳ֮أ
˵խZЦһûлսĻ
ǰʲôУ̫ˡ
λǰﱻƷ˾ʧȥ˹ӵԹ޲
Ⱥ˵ҹȻӣЩ
һ쵽ضţҪǵСӣǳ֮졣
¼ҾĴ֮һĹܿ˵ⷬս
£Ǹľں˵˵ˮ¼Ҹᣡ
Ļɱսֱüͷ
ô죿
խZҲִ̫ˣ
ֲȰԭԸ񲻷խZ϶ỳ
ڣܿͲΪˡ
̫̫ǰ̽
˽ʱսһۡ
̫థ
ǵһμأ
úúÿǲǸӾݵǻ
ܿ죬߽ˣǸӡ
սȵط֣ϾȻ˷ۣɫҲԺЩӦĨ˿ں졣
ҪǣŨѬζѬЩܡ
࣬˵ĳӦͦģϧôֱ˽ܲܡ
սŨѬζһ¡
ҲǲıϿ˵̫йɧζΪڸסŵζϲѬ㡣
ڷĨں죬Ǹ˰ã
սʶխZȥϸɸɾģʱ˿
̫˵̫ߵĴ̫࣬խZΪ﹫
սڴϣߵǰԶλãЦе˵ۼҷ̫ǰ̽չ˵չˮʮǣۼǰ̽
ﻹصİϲκѪȡ˳ۼҴչﲹ塣
⣬ۼҸչ仰ʳȳĹְ÷࣬Ѿ˽Ĺӽ˹
ﻹ˵Ĺ꾲ᣬϣչﲻҪŲԣĹᡣ
չﲡ֮󣬿빬һˡﶨóĹչǸ⿪
ЦеģΪɫ̫ףɫ̫ĹϵܸһɭѪ֮С
˵Ļǳ˾ζ
-

7 ŭĺ

﹫ĻһڣխZɫѸȥ
̫ôӳĹ
ǰѳĹǰ棬ûռҷ
̫Уӻʺ󣬻̫Ӻ䣬ĶӣС̫
խZǵٴҲʱȻ̫
ս԰׵ɫձͻʱԲѵģеĺͷڵ
ȴòǿѹȥ
ڵ̫ռҵﲻ
̫ͳĹȻխZָ˵ͷ﹫ΪתһխZлʹ͡
﹫һۣζЦһٴξĹΪչˮ£һֱĻΣԴᣬΪʮģչǧ壬ĪҪﵣǡ
⻰˵ģĹԴᣬսĴˡ
Ҫǲ̫鲻ã͸ˡ
սһֱԼǸΪƵˣŰԭһ
﹫⻰̲סˡ
ģܺ۸
̫ô
к˲
ðɣ˼һĺ˲
˵ֻ䣬ǰӣӽˮҲû˸Ҷ̫һָͷ
˭˼ҶﻳС̫أ
սʹеĲ
̫Ǵƣѹﲻ
ˣԺ㣡
̰ò˻ĻᣬɲܰԼˡ
﹫ģҲǰŰ裬ž⣬͸뿪ˡ
խZ˳ȥһӡ
ս۲ѡ
Ӻ̴ľģֵ²ͣȻôˣ
˴ǸܼӰɣ
ɵ͸ˣˣʲôã취ѳһ
ӣʧĻԼ
ҸᣬѸոǸ﹫һء
ս̲ס˵磬ӸʲôúõӶˡ
խZ
ؿսһۣһӶѣʲô۵ģǰôûôС
ǰǲҲ֪ι󣡡սطôɲܾôˣ
խZȻʲôϵ
սɸֵؿҶôĿԼԿȥڿʼ˭ҲҳԿǴҲУ
խZɣôǵãǰҲϲҶ
սһʱЩ顣
ֱܿ׳ǰҲ£Ժ󲻻ˡЩǱƫҪǮǣ
խZʱٻɣεҡͷԼõӱˮݻˡ
Ǯ
ó
뵽̫ԳĹάıŤ
սխZ֣ؾЩͰڼˣ˵
սԹԴӦˡ
ֲɵȻҪ壬Ȼˡ

﹫뿪ռҺֱӻ˶
̫Ʒųո÷⡣
úģ÷⾫Сɣȫ÷ͣɫƣɢ÷ζһһպá
ڻУԶӸӣƽʱӴĶ쳣Сġ
ڵĶǸ
ҽŮһֱţĳʳȫҪҽŮ飬ȷ޺֮󣬽Żá
÷⣬Ѿˡ
𽱾ûʲôθڣֻ÷⾫¿ɰ̲סһţԳմΪޡ
񰲾һԣʹ̬ȹ˳ýΪ⡣
ųʾ׽Ц˵ĵĻ࣬Ҳ֪˼
𴽽ǣЦ᣺Ůڼ£ϲоЩµĳʳܹΪǣǳŮĸ
εЦЦ㿴㣬ô⡣˵𣿱ͬãѱ׽ͺãʲôίֱӸ˵һΪ
ϧҲ֪ûǹװȻ˵Ůûʲôί
һɫʱЩ
͵תͷֱؿų۾Ҫûί˼ǣ¿
񿴳ˣЩŵ˵ôǶ£ռ裬ָƫս
սˮٳŮ빬ռҶ׷ŹŮŮԶǣ˳Ůһ
ǣȴֵѽ֣ʲô
֪ռҰ裬Ǻ㣿Ѿ˾ǣ㰲Ĵڹǡ
-

8 赶ɱ

мص˵ͷϵһӣָױġ
սȻ˹
ôôӲأ
ˮȻҲˡ
˵
ôսȻˣ
޵ҧ
ոսսƽˮӵʱҲǻŵġ
ǵսڱˮģǱ龪ţҲŰӣͻȻͲˡ
սţҲ
ˮ϶ɣ
վˮرߣۿսһˮУһǰδеƽ
սʱѾʡ£ɫҲˣۿǲˡ
ôѹ
һսָˣҪӱӣ
УԴУ
ս̵ģ޷Ǿռҡ
ռҳ£ŵ
˿̧ۿ𽣬˵ռŰˣ˷ǰȥ棬Ǳϻ˵ʲôҪԹ
ǸңȻŭѾԻĶӣмЦһռʲôǱķ蹷ˡʮռҼҲȲ̫һͷ˿
˶٣ְο񣬡ҷſģбڣռҶҶ㡣
ȴǸˣȻ˵һȺ蹷ѵͲ¡Ƿв̫
ǸңٴδŭصľǶĺӣ̫ҽԱѾ϶˶ﻳС̫
С̫ۣӡ
˭ֻҪвС̫ؽɾ
ȴ˵ռһв̫βŭ
ų쳣񣺡Ϊξãǻв̫
ر񾭣˵Ůֻ˵ɱ˲գۣս޷졣
˾棬ǻԹ޼ɵˣʲôɲ
ԳŮãӦСġǲãǵ涯˼̫Σˣ
ԣƽĴԡ
ǲãռеӸΣ̫
̫ļӣֻҪռ˿в̫Ŀܣ޷̡
ϣֻǧûǧշĵ
Ϊ̫ѲҪΪһССռңĵ
˵ЩѲ赶ɱˣ
˳һۣͻȻŹ˳Щζ
ǿռҲ˳ۣɳȻȥԸռң̫ﵱӣ̣
˵ռһв̫γӣ
ɫЩˣȻȥɡ
һ˳ظˡ
ȥ紵ϣ䡣
ȭͷ亹òų˿
гġ
֪𽶨ǿ˼ڡ
ֻҪܹռв˽ʲô
ֻҪ̫ӵ¿ֻҪв𽣬Ͳһٵس֣
ռҲв
ڣвܿͻᱻ˰εˡ
ع𴽽ǡ

һü죬սԹԵشڼ
ռҲл֮ͣǰҪȥҳĹŰ衣
սԭĶ褺͸ţж壬Լǵĺӡ
֮Ǽ˲١
СģԭԸ񣬼ѾʮտʼܵûһԼ¶ڶ
ս֣ԭŰԸ̫ˣ
˵һҪʲôҪʲô
ýС΢ίԼ
ֱ
Ψһ̫õľǣʱܶﶼûд
ûеġ
Ǹģĸ׺ͱĸŹ˲ˮˮˡ
սͳŲסˡ
ҧӣѿռóУ
棬ԻˮƬ
ǲٺЩѵˮˮ
˼첡ս˸
ҪŹ֣
ֱӰó϶У˵Ҫ˵
ӣôŪġ
ΪսҪţรױƣ׼ױ
սһóЩױƷܾ̾ˣױӷ٣ǽ촩װȥ
ԭǰҲǰװģԶรƽûɡ
รɣܿսͷ
սվӣͭճЩģ͸˲˾һʵ
ĳԭ࣬Ҳ֪ǲΪԵʣŻʬꡣ
ֻòƫھ㻻װҲŮЩ
ֻҪ۾ûϹһ۾ܿǸŮӡ
ս룬Ѷรƽ˳ȥ
-

9 ǹɺݾ

˸ϳȥȷ˷ţȷû˻ͻȻóױƷʼϹĵ
Ȱѷɫ΢Űüë֣ݷ۸˹࣬ˢһɢڡ
ƷʺõɢˢϺ󲻻ḡۣױʱ䳤
սױüëϻױ
˵ȴ˲١
ӢǸɡ
һ۾ͿǸŮˡ
Ѷˣӿ
͵꣬᱾Ͳԡ
οǶ죬Χסˡ
ѹ
սױѶպã¾ӣȷûʲô⣬ŴŰ˷Ž
ƽͶรһֱͷʱһ㶡
ƽʵ㡭˭ôҼҹķ
ս̲סױôɹ
รȻҪƽãսһϳûƽһ£˵ǹ
ʲô⡭ôܣƽ𾪵صɴ˫ۣŵؿսӶˣ
۾ϸ˵ˣһֱſڣܽȥ
Ҫ˴ȥˣﲻẰ
ǼҹɲǽεεŮӣ뺷أ
սǣˣƽϽȥ·ҳȥ䡣
รſڣҪţǴū澰ɣƽһһʲô¾ˡ
սϾܾͲȥˣúôڼƽҾˡ
˼Ҫľƽ
ȻҪ͵͵ʲôñˣ
รģǡ
ûпǣѵ㻹Ųң
սóӣž˦˸ޣƽûãǻ
˭ҪٸҲ۵ңҿɲٿ
ԭŰѧʮʮ
รű˲һ¡
Դ̫˻ҹͰԼñӺݺݵسõľ׮
ǹɺݾֱľ
⣬ľ
սȥʱ򣬸ŵû궼Ҫˡ
սľ׮񫣬
ڣҹﻹûôɥĲ
ˡ
ƺԴˮ֮󣬹ͱò̫һˡ
รĻ֣̿ȴ֪ս׺ݣȴݺ˿
ոһӼֱ
͵͵ϰ˺ü졣
Ϊʲôľ׮
ϻѵ
򻨻ݲҲа
ʵսԥҪҪӡ
뻹ˡ
̫¹ȨȦﴫˡ
Ҫˣȥ϶Ҫ¡
ɲոջͰԼˡ
ľ׮õģ˾£Ҳúúõ
սıӣš
ƽװ̴ƽš
ƽӢװǸȽ꣬Ѷ΢һ£ʵǸŮ
ţսڳϣؿͷĽֵͦ档
ȥҲȥӰӻ档
ɲǹӰӻأִϢ˾ĹŴֵûȡ
ҵ֣·̯߰ľͶˣ۴αȵ̡
սԽǵһγ֣ͦ
֮󣬺ܿ¡
ȥҪ顣
γǰ˼ƻġ
Ⱦ顣
ƽһҪ飬˷ˣҪ³Ļ𣿡
սƳһۣЩ
ԭʶ֣ǲ徭ŮŮ£ΨϲָĻ
СĻϲʲô־ִ˵ֽ֡
Щ죬ǰԭĲȫһ顣
ǰԭϲøˡ
Ҫάԭ裬ûȫԭϲ
ܿ͵ˡ
ƽӼûͦȾҪ
սϽסСסȻȥҪү׼ٽйдСıүӣ
ƽ㶵ص˵ͷǵĹá
սۣţ
ƽϽĿڣǵү
ս⡣
ͣǰ³˽ȥ
㣬һͦܣ䴦и¥ݡ
սƽȥʱÿȥ
տһۣƽʹյС˵¥Գ飬һЩϲȥ泭飬׬СǮ
սƳһۣһܡ
ʱһӭЦʣ֪СҪʲô飿
սϲʱԱ߶ţ˰֣㿴㲻к
ǵһѹﶼЩȻҪ࿴
㿪ڣ
ʱм˽
һ˿սͻȻɫ䡣
-

10 ̫ˣ

ɫ䣬ֵصһ
Ȼˣһˣײϡ
˱ܽסʣ֣ôˣ岻𣿡
һȥ
ֻɫҰף龪֣ǿʮֿµĶ
ɻ
ʶģĿ⿴ȥ
Ȼ󣬱㿴վǰ顣
һŻ񣬴ë죬ģʮֿΡ
ȻǸŴ󻧼ҵĹӡ
һСˣϴ·ԾɱҪõöࡣ
Ǵ֮
һͰƽëˡ
㴩װҲǵԼλ
һȺ͹ﲻţǼ˼
ȺòȻҪĵͽӣ
̵սǰصȺŭ˵ʲôҼҹ㿴ٿǵڳ
Ƕʱɫ䣬鲻ޡ
Ƕ뾩μӴǵľӣйڼ˾ܹ裿
Сſδ̫ţ
˰裬ǳѫ
֮ҿɲȽ
һ룬ǸӲޡ
ǿɿЩֲʶֻ῿ѫ֮
ƽտ裬̣
һ˸ŭſھ˵ӽ£ſھҪ飬Ǻô磡
ƽɵҲ֪ⲻǺû˻ȥ˭ҿˣ
սͲǰСᣬ֪Ҫ⡣
ƽǸһģ˵ȥǵñ¶ݲɡ
ڹѾ͸ˣɲһʣ˽ͷβۡ
ǿڵʲô
ƽίǹӣһֱڿ㣡
̫ˣ
ҹʲô˶ܿ
սһЦΪҹҳÿΣûȻ̲ס࿴ۡ
⻰ǹģͲֱ˳óˡ
ٴαɫصս
Ҫ֪ƾȡʿҲÿ
ֻҪùÿԲЩҲпܱΪ̽
ҪǲÿǾͱǸˣʵŰɣǰˣ۾
䣬ûгѿġ
ǳ۾ƾٶѡ
ֵ壬ôԡ
˳óǿɵٶ񶾲Ļˡ
óǾζ;ûϷѡ
˵ǰ;ⱲӶûϷˡ
˭̣
ǶμӴǵģǻûһ緢Ž󸹬۹
˭Ըⱻˮ
ֱ̫ˣ
ģֱ̲סˡ
Ҫ
ֱɲ
Ϊǣ
ƽø״ӣ㣡
սûصһֲۣõѣ
û취ҹҳúÿǮǼˡ
˵ôһ߳ŭ
ʣ
˭ˣ
ս˵ν˳ªѹݴֱɣ͡
⡭͸ˣ
ݵˣ˭֪սֿˣλ˿ңĪǱ˵£߳ŭ
ǣضЩ飬ͷ׶̹ɡ
ڼǲСˣݻֽţɾһŬֻܱˡ
вǣ
ս΢ЦСӣв𣿡
ƽ˵ûУӷ£ôвˣ
սͷûӷǣϾ·˭֪ʲô⣿
ǻҪ˵ͻȻסǣ𡭡ˣǡǻǻȥɡ
һ˵һߴ£ƺΪս
˹ķӦ˵Ⱥս⡣
ô£
ô
ѵʶ
Ӧðǰչӵģ
ŵɫףӶǾ㤻档
ڲǰۿץˡ
ǰһɷͬ񹷳
Ϊ׵ǸɣץʹģȴڸͷϣӸ£΢Ц
˻ӵȥ˵˵
ֻһ˵˫ֱ뱻նϣŵһڵϣ̤
ҽУϿڴѪע˵ڵʹ෭
ȴ΢ЦͳѩӣõϵĲѪ
ԲҽŲʡ
ֱøɾŽȾѪһӡ
ʱѾʹûȥ
һĻʵڲҲ̶ãԴӼ֮جΡ
պò׻ָЩһ˭֪Ȼ˸ɼΪ֮ˣ
ƣ˵ֵܡ
Ȼһھǳó󣬻вǣ
һţ
Уߣ
̫Σˣ
ŭսвˡ
ֻǳ˭Ҳߡ
ô뿪ǲҪӵ
ھʱ߽
һǣ۾
ˣ
-

11 ͷ

һǾǿ˾һ㡣
ɫûôҰˡսʶݲһ㡣
Ƴһۣܺãʶ
㲻š
棬Ҫкġ
ȻȲذΧ׷׹񣬸˴к
ԴǶ֮䣬ܿиֺá
ƽмطۣӣ㿴ǣոջ㣬͹ƵΧȥ治Ҫ
ս̲סЦЦ
ƽĻȻ˵û
ˣľ͸ͷĹ͹Ƶġ
ϧµĶˣٶαӡ
ҪҪ
޲ðѺôȫռˣƫƫϲվڵƸߵϿˡ
ǹ߳ĳë
ѫ佫
𵱱ģ
бȥ߹ɱѽ
֪װߣűʸˣ㵳

û佫ʿر߹أ绨ѩ£̸۽ʫԣ
뵽ռҵҽ֣֣δսоӿһһ
Ҫʲô
ڴŵŮռһһռǿ϶Ҫġ
Ժأ
ԺȻܲΪʲôܳûŵʱʲô
СʱڣͲߵʳǸգÿ궼˼ȣ
ʲôֻżӣլŮ˶ǻ
ս˼ʱѾ״
ƽ͵͵սһѣߵ˵ӣͳ¾
ս˲

¾
Ȼǣ
ҪҪôѪ
˭
һʷϱԭŰɱĵù
һǳĸ磬Ůľ˾ˣ
Ůռң¾ûٰæ
Ͼһ빬Ůˣƽʱû
Ҫûͷæô
⿿߷
սˡ
ò˵ͳ¾úܲһӢ˲һš
ֻϧøպøǵ෴
Ӣ˲ʵȴǸ˻
ȻҲеİ¹⣬ȢŰԭ
Żеİ檱ɱԼҲ
¾ţʵӻˮսթ
ȻⶼսµģЩƫġ
ʷ飬ռʧߣȻжٺû
¾Ϊ͵»ʺľ˾ˣʷϿ϶дĻ
ֻսΪڻŮɣʷϱĳˣ϶ʲôøС
ۿ˹Ҫǰս͸ˡ
ǲţ¾ʷ˵ôá
ھ¾ô˵
ս¾Ҳڴ
ΪУǲδԭòǼխZ褡
սĳƣױ͸ˡ
ͳ¾һ̾뵽褡
ӶüͷȻռ˼ΪսҲݼڡ
¾ҪгǸȴɹ΢Ц
ͻȻʵʲôϵ
սˡ
֮ǰţԼǶ¾ƫ
ڿƨƫ
ûһǺö
ǸԲУߵĳ¾ǸЦꡣ
Ҫ˸ˣ϶鷳һѡ
Ůװģִ˶ûô
սһתʣ¾ʲôϵ
ʱɵۣȻû뵽սȻơ
¾ҲЩȻսЩ
Цʣ֪Сôƺ
ʱŭˣҸո㻰ôش𣿡
ͱ˵·ʷˡ
սգգۣЩ⡣
Ȼˣ
òǴ˰ɣ
ûشˡ
Цô˵ˣղ۸˵ʱǺ𣿡
ƽһըˣ˵˵ʲôأ˭۸ˣֻ۾ˣ
ǳ̫⵰ҼҹǮúÿ
ٴЦô磡ӻû˵أֵõһҷͣ
սЦݷ䣺Сӣƣϴϴ졣
ƽˣ̳ȥס½ơ
žž
־Ǹ
ȥͷ
¾״ɫ̳ȥūףŹӣδ̫Ŀ޷Щ
ôɣˣ
սһЦһ߹ȥ˵ҵĹ㣬һˣ
˵۸ˣλҲһ䣬͸Ӷɲƫƫţ飿
칫ӳ״Ű衣СȻǸˣȴҲ˲ǹ
Ȳλӣԭȫǹÿ춼ڱź򣿡
Խ˵Խݣ¾Ҳ˲סҺ˵ֻ
սЦݳ칫ʱ㲢δĬϣ
-

12 ״

¾ǸĶ˷ӣľսһԲϾͿġ
Ͼ򲻹
ĶǾӶڲ֡
˭֪ƫƫսô⡣
һԲϾʹˣƤӻرСһţ͸һ
ֱרģ
¾вã־̫ûá
һſھ͸˵ݰѱڻ˴ͷֱаհ
տز٣¾պþһ
ȻսŰ裬ǲòϣս˳۶ˡ
ֻϧȻöԸ
ڻˮ
Ҫǲʲôˮɾˣɾͻˡ

ҪǻǰҪӰ죬Ҳۡ
ԣˮûȥ
Ȼս
սһ¾ҪЦһһѽƿν֥ĳ¹ӣԭҲˡ
¾ŭͱˣſڱҪĳǺô磡
ǽų¼ҹԴһСƽˮأڹŹһ⣬۰ˡ
սԴǣ˵ǶԱʲôȥ״
ӲţĻţƽ֮¡¼ΪĹȻ˴˴۽硣
˵һ˦񣬿첽˳ȥ
Цող۸ˣѵŶԷ
ֲɵ
ƽһ±Ƶظ̲סʵʲôʱĻţ
սƭǵĶѣҲţ
˲֪ƽ֪ܲ
ȻֹҲš
ƽɵۣȥ״һأ
սǸȥ𣿡
ʲô
Ҫ͸ˣ¾ϲڱ˵αӣеȥ״
಻˴ԣġһʰˡ
뿪սȥ˲飬ȫ
ƽһôɵˣǵסսЩ飿
սҪľ
֮⣬һЩīֽ⣬廨ŵȫһ
˲ֹһÿҶһ㡣
һͨǮҲ˲٣ƽ۲ѣʵ̲סˣսٶ
ӣѾ˺ܶˣԺɣ
ô飬˺öǮأ
սԭС⣬
ԭеǮģһͷ֣Ǯǲ
ЩĻԭСһٶʮǮʮƽ⻹ͭǮʮᱦ
սͷ֣īֽⶼͦ鱾Ҳˡ
һ飬Ҳúüʮġ
ľͲ˵ˡ
Ժܶ飬ɳֽīǮ顣
ֵ׬ṩķ
һǿԻٵǮõһ顣
Ը飬׬Ǯ
Ǻܺķѹ
ƽŽǶ飬̲סۣô飬úöǮء
˵ԹؿսһۣǮ̫
սЩ顣
ʱ˲Ǯͱīֽ󣬾ͰʮᱦͭǮжʮȫˡ
ܹ
̫
˵ڻûзӡˢ鱾õĵӡˢ
һʮҳ飬͵õʮŰӡ
ġ
ʮŰӣ͵õʮŰӡ
ͷӵĳɱľĹǮͲСĿ
˵˵ӡپӡ٣ҲÿǵĹ
ֲһϼǧἸᡣ
֮ӡˢУװ䣬øǮɣ
Щɲǳɱ
ϰܵ׬Ǯһؼ鱾ܲ
Ǻ˻ӡˢһ˵ҲʮǮӡˢõģ͵úüʮϰ١
ս뵽ͻȻЩĶ
Ҫ
Ȼ飬ɴԹϲ
ʱĿô٣Ǯ˶İģϧڼϷӡ
Ҫǿ㻭ᣬǰܲԹǮ
Ҫֻ֪ι״ġܻͼ߼أ
սԽԽĶ޲̻ȥдƻ
ȻʱƽͻȻ˷ܵ˵̫ƽݵˣ˵˸ر˵ĹˣҪҪȥ
սһ֪ȥԥһ»ǵ˵ͷ
ûʱĲأȻˣǾȥơ
͵г顣
߽ݡ
ݶ¥һˣͻȻս
-

13 ż

ȷʵֻ֣һ¥òѾ
սɨһۣľ
ôˣطȻ
ֻ̫࣬һҾ㻻װҲø˼һӡ
ֻȥ¥
˭֪ʱͻȻһѰߡ
ʵһݾͷڴȻ߸ⲻͬ
ս̲ס̧ͷѰߵˡ
ֻǸһ̧ͷͱһȫע
һɫΪ׵Ľ£ĸߴͦΣݿٱ
̫䣬һǧ֮ģɱڣ˴ɡ
սزʵǿΣϢܵؾ
ڣֻǿһ۱תż䣬ս˿
Ȼһˡ
˴ɫΪ׵Ľۣǰ˲ࡣ
Ǹոմսˡ
սĿ⣬ѺõسЦЦ漴תż䡣
ţո˽ͬһż䡣
սվڴͻȻͲȥˡ
ղ˸ĸо̫ΣգûԶȽϺá
οѾµ˵ݡ
ĻոǸкܾܿǸƶĿδ򡪡Ҫ췴̡
ڲǰðĻš
Ǻǡ
ʱƽ߹ʣôȥ
սȥˣߡ
ƽס۰Ͱ͵˵ūС¡
սΣɨһȦҸλ
¥ǲȥġ
ɨΧһۣƽ˵ҿһ¥ûλӣûоߡ
ƽһͼˣָܿһ˵Ǳλӣ
սһȻиλá
Ϊ̫ƫ֮ǰû֡
ƽ̫£Ǳߡ
·һӵʱԱ߼ۡ
չҲ̫ݶҹȻ޴Ĺֱ޷죡
Ӳ̸֮޷죬Ϊû̺ã
Ҫ˵Ů丸ưɣռҿ϶к³
ֻǿ˳ĹҪܴ˴衣
̫壬Ĺӽ˹ȻĹﻹ֪Ҫܶٴĥ
СչӣͲΪ䣬ܳΪ
ȷˣ͡յҪǳպǸ޷죿
⵹ǲصģˣǿδޣ
ûչűָûãˮǺòˡ
ô˵Ժ޷ˣ
ˣǼ¡
ɻ춼ۣԸ񡣡
áӣ㣡ƽþҪˣСİǡ
սϽסţҵģ
ݲ֮ǰ
̫࣬ƽҪǶ˵ʹˣִˡ
ʱݿ϶ס
սһѽƽСȻžǣʲôҲ˵ʲôҲ
˵գؿƽһۡ
Ȼ߹ȥЦʵǸո˵չŰ裿
ؿǶû褣Ҳûս褳ơ
Ϊ࿡㣬֮ϲкøС
տؾԡ
սʻǷ׷׵ͷ
ûǶչŰ衣
һ̲סʣСѵôΪ
ҲŰ衣ս΢΢һЦ漴һתŰ裬ҲδһʮСѣﲻɣ
˵䣬ָϣû档
ߵߵߵ
ûէͦңȻģɡ
û⡣
ս˵չﱻĹˮأ㶪λϧĹ
Ϊζչ˿̱ȥأɲǾΪ
ʥ˵ֱԹԵ±£չﲻʥ˵ĻֱԹкβأ
λ˶ʥ飬ȴһС˿̱δܵʥ˽̻Ϊˣ
˵궷һ˦תߡ
첱Ӵ֣ýĻսĶ˦һ
ϧǶϣսߵ̫졣
վҪһ֣ﻹл᣿
ʱ販ʿȲ裺λãɻҪʲô
ɫãͽһţȥкˡ
Щõģ¡
Բ˻ǰգⲻҴ
Ȼһתһһģ̫дСδ˺޳֮ˣ
˭֪ʱͻȻб
̵Ĳˮ˲䵹˳б¶ȥϡ
ʹúһд˲̵Ĳˮõõǡ
ߵļȫꡣ
һŵشвѣܾ
-

14 Ȼ

ʱӳ׿ȵ£ʵʵľպס˼˵Ľš
ǲҽеø
ҵĽţ
ҵĽŶˣ

Ⱦǣ
˭æ
¥ż䣬̱Թ̫£ͻȻ¥´ĲҽС
̳ż䣬ȻͿ¥Ѿֳһš
һӵˣҲ
΢΢üż޷棺ô£
޷ȫ̿Ц˵¥Ǽոչ˵ĵӡ
ʵ󣬿޷ϰ֮ˣϸĻš
սҪЩ޷˸һ
Ȳмǰ˵Со־ս̫˵
߳ŭŪԼǱģЩֻ
ϵЦﲻס
զࣺȻܹӣѵģ
޷ԭûʲôԣԲһȽϴ󣿻ӱˣ
˵̲סսվߣָûһĻ
ʱûʲôʱȴ̲סɡ
ѵʲôֽţ
ǡôģ
սױ϶ͣ޷涼ûʵǸСŮӡ
޷ĲԾʵǲǷʲô
޷üͷ̫ȷ˵ոʱùӡõúᣬӦò
̵ɫ΢΢һ䣺ǲҪ˲֪
˵ֱӷȥһͷȻӹȥڳµӱߡ
ͷϸϸϿĲ֡
Ѻ޷׷׷һ顣
ѿľôģȻȫˣŲǳġ
˵ɨΧһۣصǼ˵
ղ˭ĵӣ
ƹѾ˹һźҪ޳
ʲô
ôӾˣ
̫ƽݿɲ·С弣ǹӲġ
ôأ
ܿ죬ӵͱ˳
û취˵Թؿʵ̫ˡ
бƣۿǶԹϽ˵Ҿһģ˭֪Ӿˣ
˵ͱˣ֣㵱ʱĵɲᣡοǱߵģҪͻȻôˣ
˷׷׵ͷǳ
ˣƽﺰֳ͵ܣһ£漰棬С˵ͷ
̫ʵʱ̫ɡ
ڼĸϣ
ʱ˿ɲС¡
㴺ǰָܹ˵ʱҲǶ鸴ϰǰ̡
˵أ˴ǻûָǾǶҪˣ
һΣһΣ´ξ͵õȵ֮
ʱɲ̣ʱֻµľӸһ
˭ܵˣ
ϵ;ܲ
뵽ˣ̲סŭĿӡ
οӱĵģ
ȫ֣֮
ֻΧ˶ţҲҪӵģײ˵̫˾ÿ̱
ϧҪƫƫ˲⡣
ȺͻȻЦ̫ƽݵӽʵúܣɲģ
϶˶£춼ˣ
ҿûǱӦǸողһСȥⱨӦ˰ɣ
һ׷׵ͷ
ҲսĻ
ҲչŰ裬²᲻ᱻ
սĻͻȻ;е
չﲻǸС˵Ű裬ɴδ˵
ˣǱʥȻһСȥ
ʵڲǾΪ
˵⼸˾ǻã
˭˼Сģ
չﱻָĿܱܲסС⣬Ѿˣ
ۿΧ˷׷װѻ˽ȥո˵˶ʱЦһ⡣
ôˣ
ѧôˣ
˭ˣ
ǿǼ˳ۣ
ᱨȥˡ
͵͵̣С磬˵զ£
̿ȶϿڣģͻȻ޷棺ǵ˳ʲôģ
޷˵ţͦ褵ģ֪ǲֵܡ
ԭոռսʱ;սЩԾֻǲ⡣
ڿŶϿڣŲòϣԼˡ
ǵ͹Ǹˡ
ȷʵ褳ͦѵֵܣ
ǵĻҲЩ죺Ȼ
ֿ۶Ͽڣ̲סʳ̣磬˵ӵôģ
-

15 С

Ҳ֪
ʣ磬ô϶˰ɣ
ɫ䣺Լú룡
룬ôҲ벻ֻʣ磬͸£ʵ̫ˡ
Ȼ̱Į벻ͼ룬úöӣ֪
ѵɫ˱䣬ͻȻµʲô磬òҲ֪ɣ
⻰һ̵ɫ˲ˡ
мؿųѣһЦΪҸһ
˵תߡ
³ɵվԭأѵ̫ˣ

սƽ߳ݵʱƽ⣺ӣôŹˣ̫ˣ
˵꣬ҽøϽܻȥ
Ҫսߣˡ
صƽ˷ܲѡ
ǻãȻ˵ĻⱨӦ˰ɣߣ
˶٣̲סʣ˵ôأѵ̫ˣҪԺǱˣһ˵أ
սЦ
ôģ
˽һ¡
ƽսؿϣԺҪ飬֪𣿡
ƽһãȻ漴˷Ҷ࿴𣿶ˣ˺ö໰Կܾˣ
սط˸ۣ˭˵ҽĶǻ
ƽٴãȻǻʲô
սصЦЦԺ֪ˡ
ƽƶǶصͷͻȻʣȥĶ
ս룬ʱûʲôĿ꣬˵أ
ƽ̽Ҫȥ˿ɣ
սһ㶣ꣿ
ƽͷǰʺϳȵųԣůˡ
սŷӦʲôǻ
˵ⶫȷʵͦͷ˳ֻ֮ǰζƫ嵭
սƫûʲôȤ
Ȼĸ׿ģܵȥ
Ǿȥɡ
ƽ׿ϣ̸˵һ
λƣûþ͵翪ꡣ
սҶֵر򵥴ֱͽռ
ҲǣȻ޸źռҵˡ
꣬ȻҲҪա
Ȼսһȥͷ˲Ծ̫ˡ
ô£
Ȼûʲô⣡
ѵζã
üСѾͰ͵С˹
ٶȣսһ
û취ʵ̫ƹǵСˡ
û⣬ǳʲô
˵ǹǮɻɵû⣬˵û
Զң
һ˿ˣСͰͰ͵عˣҪսˡ
ֻһǰСɵۣ㶵ؿսӣԣ㲻Ƕӡ
ô˵СҲͦ졣
褣Ȼǵ褵ĳࡣ
ǰս褣ֲȫһ
ѵƣ
Ǹӡսһڳ˵ͷôûˣѵʱû
˵磬Ҳ磬˶˰ɣ
Ȼһ˶ûУ̫˵ȥˣ
Сһӣᵽûˣͷս²
ʱƹ˹ɵؿսӣ
սʾظӣѵҲǣ
ƹ̾ˡ
⸱ŵ̬ռû
̰սȥ£ʼˮ֪ȷʵ塣
ֳ¼ң̫Ƕˣ
ĹѸϹƽˮùһ¼һһң˵Ű衣
ҥ˵ǵĶԲã˿϶ҪӡԽԽûʲô˿չ⡣
սһ֪ôˡ
˵˴лһ棬ζҲһɣ
Ի͸տһʵòãζòǹؼ
Ҫζһ㣬ΪʲôҪԣ
ôԲֻõԵʡ
ζõĻܻгԻԸš
ϣ˭ҲӲ㶨
ֻƣ˭֪Ȼô
лԵʡ
˵˵ĲȻˣ̳ԭݣѵܳҪ˵ԭµ鷳ûϵ
սվĶȥơ
ҪζΡ
ƹѾݣȻûоܾĵ
Ȼ벻սΪҪȥذ˽ȥ
ûԵʣͦС
ӺͰ﹤ţɫ̫á
ﰾףսһŵζ
̾üͷ
ŸеĲԶˣǱĳӡ
ζϷǳԲߣѹֵ
-

16 ݱ

ƹһֱԱߣСսķӦ
սüͷһ壬ľһС˵Ī֣ʵûʲô⣬е١
սĿӸµؿƹ񣺡Ϊʲôû⣿
ҪάԭŰ裬Ȼܸƹ
⡭ƹһ˵ֲ˵ӣ˸Ҫȥǽ̫䣬˿ǲš
ţսͻȻЦһӸոմ̫ƽݹѲɲﶼˣ
Ϊƹ񣬾ôµģ
ⲻãҳԭ취ôùҹ£˭Ĺأ
һƹƤǺ죬ƽȴԺ
ҹ
ǰһ
Ǳ˲ǰ
Ϊñӳء
Ȼֻ˵˼仰ͷŹǣߡ
Ҫǹǵǰ˵ɣ
սûƽķӦʱְìͷ׼˳ӣǵĳӣⲻã˵ʲôԵʣ
ӳò֣ЩݰС
һĵ̺بϣ׶
ȳһȣɭɭģǵޡ
ֱսͻȻ˵㲻ӡ
⻰һȫƵؿսƽ
ŵƽϽ㵽ս
Լʹַɿ쵲սǰ棬װͰ͵˵˵ʲôӣ
ʼޱ飺ǣ
ƹողűսһ٣̲סˣսʣ㵽˭ð丮ӣ
սƳһۣӣ˵Ҳӣ˭
ƹòᣬŭץ
˭֪ͻȻڣǸϴ
ƹ񣺡
׼ֵİ﹤
һؿųӣԹ֪Ǵ㲻˵뺦
˭֪ϾʹһŮӣأ
ҪҰѴץүܷŹ
ƹ񾪻ŵؿսҪģͻȻòԾ
ǰ˷Ǹ
ˣ
øӿ񰡡
ѵͳ
ƹԼĲ²ŵˡ
Ȼսһޡ
һѩ׵ƤޣͨѩɫƬʮѵá
֪һǶѰġ
ԣǰ˻Ǵ
ƹͻȻ̲סֳӵȥӽ챻Ӳˣ
˭֪Ӳɽʲôûвֻһս
ƹͻȻֺܲõԤУ˵òǿϴ˰ɣҪ
ڿµδޣ
˭֪ͻȻ˵ȻˣǱְֱ˵ˡ
ԴӴ˳Ĺӣоо˺ܲõԣ˵Ű裬үŮ޷
ʹӰ죬һ겻񡣲ҵ꣬µĵȫӰ졣
ڹҲôˣս뵽ղŵԳƣ̲סʵǰĪǻͷӪģϵսµģ
ΪвмܼھУ׾Ͱ㰲ﵱӣ
⻰Ȼ̼˳ӣֻƤ˶øү壡ְиүУ
仰ҧ˵ġ
ȷʵиСս˵Ǯɲ˵ġ
⻰˵̫ݣƤһͻȻ˲˵ŵ˷׷ɫ䡣
ƹ龪֣˲˵ǰſ˫ס󸣣Ӱѵ£ڴǰҪ㣡
ƳһۣĲ˵˻ȥ
ոõлֲ붯
뵽ȥˣ
Ǻү׹ŮүɽñӳҲᷴһ¡
ոȷʵ嶯ˡ
ҪлҲǻȥ֮
˺үĵطŵ
սĬĬۻڲĲ˵һ
ղǾ仰ܹ
󸣵Ҳ̫ˣ
ҪƹţղǲѾĨˣ
սЩ벻ͨŲ
ƹȴΪвŵøϽģһʱͿ
սӣУ㣡
һģ󡭡Ӹո˵ˡְиүУл
л㣡Ȼ֪Լд͸һźú£
ǲòᣬҪҪġ
ﶼЩζϣҿ
ƹһս˿˰ѵζ϶˳
-

17 Űմ

սѳеĵζϺ߼һ飬
һЩҪõĵζϣѹûС
սòش̽һֺõĺܶζϣڻûС
ֻд˵ӣƹȥҪһЩ
ȥģ˵ζȻһ㣬ȴãƷ
ȥĹս˰ѴСŵҨ˳ڴȫڸɾˡ
˰еĴϴˢɾ
ƹһԿֲֻһ̾սڡ
ڵû⣬ʲô
սð﹤Ҫϴɾе϶ϴúҲ궫ˡ
һͱɫڿյĴʵѵ
սû˵ȻأѵҪŵȥ
˭֪˵꣬ƽȻ⣡
ս
ôˣԭƽŰ裬ɴᾭӪ⡣
ռҵ̫ˣѹû߱ʲô
ԭͲҪѧЩʲôģҸоĹ²ˣ
Լģ
սĥȥС
ҸĽڣ˻ɡ
ŵ˵ʲôѵģ˵ЩΪҲŲһͲˣ
˶٣󸣣ҪĶ𣿡
󸣳ŵ˵ͷ̽ʣʲô
Ȼ֪ˡս˸ӣȻͿʼˣƽ£ȫȥ
󸣺ƹ񶼲ߣսѳˡ
ǲںһսԼ˵ˣǿûү
ƹȲߣҲ˵սĲǣҪôı⡣
󸣾ֱӶˣ˵ʲôְ˵һǣˣɲܴڳѬǵĵط
ϧսŶˡ
óӡžһ˦˸ޣĶֲܣ밤Ӿ̹ȥñ˵ڶ飡
üͷһ壬㰤Ҳȥ
ƹȴսϵһϽ﹤ʹ˸ɫ˳ȥ
ܿŹϣֻʣսƽͷ
󸣱ȥ󣬲صƹ׵ҪˣҳʲôһСѾͷʲôҪ˵ˣôү
ƹҲսֱں֣ǲ𰡣
ƴ󸣲ţ߿ĵȰ󡭡˵ǳǹԹˣ
Ǿڳͷţʲô飬ٽȥҲ١αظأ밤Ӱ
ƲƲ죺һСѾͷжʹ
ƹ񣺡
ƽòūɣū澵ĳաɲ̫ðҪȥĳձū澺öˣ
ֻջǡ
ս˵ţɨһȦ󣬰ƽҪõĶϴˡ
ȻȰʵ˹ƽջ
ƽע⣬˰
ĿռȪиȪۡ
ΪȪԱ˸Ҳһƽ׵ĴС
ȪˮĹûһЩС˵дô죬ζ𣬻ôǿĹЧ
ݲ裬ζ൱
ǣȪˮ㣬ǵˮ㻹Ǻˮ㶼
㲻ûʲôζرʡ
Ҫĵƣսɲôڡ
ղ̫࣬Ϲսģһ˫۾úܡ
ڣսû˳֡
Ű˶˳ȥֻƽô
㣬Ȼĵ
ѸɱȥָۣƬ
Ƭ㡣
ѾˣȻϣ㣬պÿԳ緹
еģǿϧû
ĿռﵹУϧܹȻóֻԺ뷨ӡ
ǸӵĻǲϾͲʮ֣¹ð˳ҲҪ
ȵô󿪣ȻС
кüڴսֱ
Ȼһ±֭±ԡ
ս͵͵Ȫˮˮһȣζͳˡ
ȻԽԽ㡣
⣬ƹһֱţһϰ¡
ս¡
˭֪ŵţûеȵսƽľУȵһζ
ƹܵ˿һ±Ƶؿ󸣣ŵʲôûУ
üͷ壬𾪼ˡ
ȻĻ
-

18 㣡

ƽѾÿˮֱﲻסʣʲôʱܳ԰
̫ˣ
ջ𣬹ζһ꣬˶
׵±ҲСźζ㣬ͷܳˡ
ս˵ţܿˡ
ƽ𾪲ѣ̲סʵȻͷ
Ϊֻء
սܿ첻мЦǰϲڱҴ˵ֻˣӣʲôᡣ
ߣΪҲ֪أ֪ұǴˡѣҿһ۾ͻˣܸұ𣿡
ƽһ̹άǣ϶Ǵͳζ϶ܺʱ򣬿˭Ʋ㡣
սغһֽˡ
ҪάԭŰ裬ȴԭӣֻܻӱӴˡ
ֻҪɺʣЩıԼøЩкβأ
ԭĴ綼ܴûԭǸݰƿ
ֵôЩø˶֤ԼڣռӦòỳʲô
ͷܿˡ
йζرθ
ͷζ֭۶֭һҧȥζζӿ˺޲ðͷȥ
׺±ҲСš
ܴս±ͷֶζȽصģҲ̫ζ
Ѿ磬Ҫȵϲܳԡ
֪˲֪
ڳһɹɵζѾ˫ȷˮֱ
ŨζԽƮԽԶڰ˷ŵˡ
Ƿ㣬Ҷš
ζʵ̲ס
·ϵˣ׷ױò߽˵꣬˭֪Ȼһ˶ûУ
˺üɤӣڰڳſڵĵС
ǵʲôףôô㣿
ǲˣһݣ
Ҳһݣ
ң
ҲҪ
СûзӦѾ˿ŰΧм䡣
ɵ۵ؿżĹ˿ǣðβһԼǡ׻ûаá
һͼˡ
ûã
ǵðð
Ҷˣ
˵Ǹòǹİɣ
𣿣
СһϽ˵Ҫǵȵȣȥƹ񡣡
˵ͱһѡ
Ͻȥʣ
˾ͳ
С˷Ѿñӣֳ˳Ͱ͵·Ӷǲš
Դӵûƣ
˿˵Ũ㣬С־Ȼ
㰡
ôζ˭ϲء
ʱ˿ûģɵúúó
ƹ񣡳ˣͷ˺öˣҪһݣ
СææܵҸ˵׻ûãǶš
ƹһȥ
Ȼˣ
Ǳζģ
ʲôʱı£

Ҫ֪
ƹ鸴ӵţ첽˴á
ȴѾˣһ
ʵϣЩһǱζģһִֵġ
֮ζ˿Ҫԣ̲סҲ볢
ƹһô˿ͣＤòС
һ뵽׻ûãˡ
ô죿
ܲܰȫ߰ɣ
ͬʱս˳š
һֱſڣ˵˺ܶ˿ͣǱζģӿа취
šսüͷһ壬¹Žȥ͵͵ľͰȪˮ
ִӹҨ֭ͷ
󸣰֮ǰȫװ˸ɾľͰ
ó
սոͷѾڳˡ
ƽľͰû󿪣ּ˵Ͻȥ
ǿ϶ûãǱʼģζѾ˲١
ǿӦ㹻ˡ
ٴδ򿪳ţ˵ƹ˵һ㰾ӦȥµζӦӦ
˵ְȳ
սû̧̧°ͣȥɡ
̽ȥˡ
Ȼܼߵر죬̨ǰ
һܿҵ
Ȼñһţͷ˲һĵط
ζˡ
Ҩ֭˳ȻζѾͬˣģ˹رζ
󸣵ɫ˱䣬ͻȻս˵û
ȷʵ̫ûˡ
Ҫζûˣ
֮ǰȴԭȫսϣѹս
ɫ˱䣬󸣺ܿð﹤ȥ֪ͨƹ
ƹͷö֪ô졣
-

19 

ƹĽİ﹤˹С˵Ӱͷµζ˵ǸӰҪϲ
ƹһ˿Ź˿Ҿģ͵׻ûãϲС
٣ֳɵζҪЩλҪǾûУǾ
ȻĻֻλƷС
һʧ
һЩֱӾˡ
Ҳвˣľô뿪
ȷʵˣʵܣҲ᲻ǹζ
;ȳֳɵģǲıճԹҪá
˷׷ʼ
˵һˣʣµЩҲһ¥ãƹ͵С𾪲ѡ
ƹǳ׷սȻҲУ
ﶼûʲô⣬úܡ
ս˹ȻôĿˣ

ѹֺүô
Ȿ£ļҹУ
ǼҴ
ƹĲӣϽȥˡ
ͬʱ
褴һȺͬźռ
˵ⲻãȻΪСͷĿҲûӱűȥԼҵԡ
̫˺ˡ
οռڱʹڷ˼⣬²òСġ
죬ͬȥչԼҵ⡣
˭֪ߵǾŵ˿ζ
һ˱òͣ
ʲôζǣ̫ˣ
ļҵİ
Ҫȥ
´ΰɣ
˵ţԼͬ褣ЩΡ
褽ͣǶ֪Ϊʲô
ΪǵϢ
ռⲻã֪ˡ
ҪͣôҲøӡ
˭֪һŵһŨζ̫ˣ
Ǻ޲ȥ
褻أǵ褵ȥҳԣҲ̫ˡ
褵ɫܲÿ
һͬ˴ɫܺÿŹˣ
룬ûǵøӡ
͵ܱ⣬˵ȥĶǾȥĶ
ʵ볢͵ܼҵˣһֱûգҿá
ǰǧˣǻǸϽȥɡ
褵ɫ̫ÿأȻ˵ҪͣȻҪǳԵ⣡ʣζǴļƮġ
˵գʡ
סŵˣһֻѯζԴŶ˵͡ǴռƮģǼҵ³ӣˣ
˵˵ţĵӾʹϧûãԲϲܳԣҲ˵ⲻǹ
ζﻹԵ±İ
褵һЩ±ơ
褵ͬǾȵؿе㲻Ծ
͵ܣҵﻻ˳ӣ㲻֪𣿡
ǳ
գգۣԩ
ȷʵ֪
Ҫ֪ʲôͣ
뵽Լɵ˿ͣ褾ҪѪĳ嶯
ôôɵأ
ǵģƹôµģ
˳Ҳ˵һ
ȴȲˣߺžռϡ
ߣǶȥ
ǽʱսվڶ¥˴Ӹµؿʳ͡
ʳǳԵȻ죬ͦ⡣
˭֪ʱһȺ˴˽
ǰͷǱ̧ܵͷվ˴ս
ս
褣
ʱ䣬䣡
˲Բ飬Ȼٷɱ¥
ս϶ż䣬ϧûüţ褾ʹ˽
Ѹٹţսǰ־ץȥ
սϽץס֣ץһץͻˣ
ըˣȻ㣡ձô
սСռ˶ϲ
սЦģͳ䡣
ɺࣺ㻹Ůװ
ܱȴŮװðɣսֱ׳ر⣬ο˶ϲأ
Ϊ˭㰡
褣
Ҫ˵ͻȻŵһζ
Ťͷһϰһͷ
ζ̫㣬ͣ
̲סʣǵ³ģ
սͷԷ𣿳һݣ԰ɡ
ͷˣе࣬ƽ˸ͳԲꡣ
ȻˣǾ͸ˡ
褣
ǡʱƽˡ
¥ͿżſΧźЩ
ŵ̸ˡ
ŵζָϽסˡ
ҵûóԡ
뵽żﻹսƽװͰ͵ʣΧʲô
ϽżǰˣҲһ
ȥڣˣȻ͹
-

20 褺

żһ
ǸոտôΪǷʲôﷸء
Ȼǡ
һֻżߣֻ뿪֮ǰһͻȻƽʣҲǵĲˣ
ƽʶˣǣҼҡ
褴жһݵż䡣
ƽжģǷడ
һı֪ʲô˵Ƚȥȥ
˵кǽ˸ż䣬˶ٺú󣬸Ͻȥ˳
ζŨ
һȥ̲סʿˮ
ݺ˺üСŵ׺±ζòС
󸣾ضæѵӣڻûãҪϲܳԡ
֪ˡӦ˾䣬ͻȻòԾɨû³ӣֻ󸣣˵ﻻ³أ
죬˵ʵû³ӣġ
ӣΪҵõܣʮ⣬ô֪أ
ŷӦϽ˿ڣʵǴģǽӡ
һʱɫ䡣
ģ
˭ģ褴ŭ̵ô죿
˶٣־ԼӦûôʣ֣
һ飺Ӳñְȫ˳ȥֻƽͷ
ֱüͷѵƽҲգ
֪ԼĸѾߣƽ򲻴𱣻սİȫ
ƽĳΣͲǺˡ
ͷ褻Զȥ¥ż䣬˰Ҳȥ
¥ż䣬һڰսݡ
ǸزҴҴӣǿʵ̫ˡ
ͽСսݡ
СȻ˵Ǹӡ
һ
ԭ褵ĵܵܣ
ʱ褴ˣͷ˵ǵĳģƽʱζô
е࣬ż¡
Ķ褵ͬţ
ǰûˡ
ܿˣȲ̲˳ԡ
ƬеúܱҲҪһ̺á
˾ȼͷԡ
һԾͣ
ζ̫ˣ
һԾϽ˳Ȼͺˡ
ζҲ̫ˣ
Ҫ֪Ŀܶ˵
˵ȴرܳԡ
˶ǻṦģѿӻܲ͸磬ͷܿۿɼٶȲӰ
Խڡ
ô벻Ҫ˵أ
ųԲ˰̺ˣϽ
ϧѹûģæͷԡ
Ц˶ҪǲܳԵ
ûһͷͳ׼˵ס
ͶһɶͷҲֵ顣
˳Եδһûˣȥ̺õƬ
һԣǾ͸о˲ࡣ
⹻ۣһүǶûôմͶͬܳԡ
һ˲٣֭һûʣ¡
ƮζȴԽŨˡ
һȵض褡
͵ܷģֵǿ϶չ⣡
ǰ͵ܣҵ³֪ǴĶģûбʦֵܰ
⻰һ˵ˣ޲ð³Ӻʦֵȫؼҡ
Ǹ
ƨ³ӣ
ã
˵ȻҴõ⣬ǲǣ
⡭ĳ˵ʵ⣬ֻæͲˡ
һͼˡ
Ͳˣǵζ
ǳԲˣ
͵ܣ취ôĳӣɲܷˣ
Ҫ˵˵ݣ
褵ɫԽԽڡ
ôģ
һˣ
Ҵǲǣ
أ
ʱѾ࣬Ҫȥֵֻ뿪
ûһߣҪȥսú˵˵
Ȼ˸ż䣬ﻹˣ
սƽ·ˣ
ֲɵ
ûдˣȥȻûս
ųζʵ̲סֻö˵±ǵøţ㡣
󸣱˵ӷģѾˣ±߼
褲üʵʲôۣ
ޱر˸
ٴβ졣
˵ģ
۸񹻺ڵİ
뵽Щģ˵ʱ֣ͺ˵ٷһ
ʳʲô˶ܳԵ
ˣ
-

21 ǿĽָ

սµ褻ԴҴ緹ϴƽ˺
Լ鷿ﵷġ
ֻͦսһһ˾ռһԺӡ
˵ֻǸСԺӣ٣ס
͸һ鷿˲徭ʫʸ踳ҲѬѬգñЩҵŮ
ϧԭȥеȫڼϻҡ
鱾ԭϲˣӡ
ʫдʣԶӣҲ͸ӱǰҵŮ
⵱ԭ˵žǸֻɱ˵çȻûռҷ
һ۸ڶŮҲſç
ȴӲ룬ǵĺӶôġ
ûç£ｿ޵ͬʻһŮҪ°˻ȥۣ̤ɵϵࡣ
սǸ߸ϵƲƲ졣
ġ
ȻѾ֪˵£ôռ˿϶ܿҲ֪
׼У
һʱս˲ס
ȻֽŻʱ䣬ʼıġ
һʱ䣬֪͹ȥˡ
սһĳɹص˵ͷ
ЩԺ㲻̫ˣ
Сؽպãս˴ɴĵ񻨴̲סü
ҹɫڵ硣
ڲĵ࣬㣬Ѿû谵
˵ףûвԵʡ
ҪܹŪ
ս̾Ҫ»е࣡
С˵ŮԽŴܿӦˡ
оֹŴŮӡ
ҪôʵʵؼӣҪôժժ˵լ⡣
и㷢ġ
ս֣ѹ
ûвһͻ谵
ûвվӵʱ塣
ûвܳԵ߲˸ٵÿ
ʱ߲ܶ˹Ϲũﶼû
ӻô
ֻԺͲ˵ˣŬҲָϡ
ԴסܲίԼ˰ɣ
ڵ𵯻ɶûУҲӲľͷ
·ǿӿݵģһҡһΣʱʱҪһ¡
һ·û
ϧޣôණһԶȫŪֻһ
ս߳鷿ĥȰŪ
̫ˡ
ڲڻиҪҪ
ս߳ȥ󣬾ʹȥС
˭֪ƽѾͷȻһֱͷ
һ˫۷˵ū澸ոȥˣ
սü˷ܾܿ˲²⡣
ȥˣ
ƽȻصԲ˫ۣɵؿô֪ȥꣿ
ս
㶼д˺
õҲ£
˿ɫЩʣǱѾʼ𣿡
ⶼûأ
ûأö˶ˣ˵̫ˣܲˡ
սӴ㵡
ܲˣ
ǵɱǰ˻û
Ҫ֪ںܶطǷǳܻӭġ
еĵطˮԡ
˵ǵصɫʳ˳˵һھ̲סԵڶڡ
Уˡ
ȥҪ̲סѿռóˡ
ʱƽ˵˹ƹ㣬ôء
ڵʳȫǱζģûʳǻ֡
սЦЦʾ⡣
ͺñ˳ɽ亣ζٻȥʳ˭ܵˣ
Ȼ㲻ʳǸıȷʵܴ
һ󸣵ĳձǷȱ˲٣ûȪˮ
ȥǣ²õģа취
˵սóдõϷӣƽ󸣣ŷдҪϣٽ
ƽСؽӹ𾪵ؿķӣ˫ֶڲ⡭䷽
Ȼôū澣ūŪ𣿡
䷽
䷽
ЩҴ壬յ䷽࣬ǿˣռӱ
ߣ
Ҳ䷽ˣ
Ǽҹóģ
뵽ƽˣ䷽ô͸ģҲ̫ˣ
ս
ŷӶѣ
ķӶǡ
ǿϵĲ׺Ըĥġ
ϵĺܶף಻дȷеҪԼա
սѧ֮󣬺ܿʵȡ
Ǿ֮ζԽԽǿֻҪһһţ֪еϺȡ
ܹŻ
䷽ԽԽ࣬Ͳϡˡ
ȥȥʲô
-

22 Ϸ

սɫһ䣬ƽͲˡ
Сؽպò·ŲԸȥ͸󸣡
սȥС鿴һ
ƽ󣬾ͷԸС׼
ҪõĶСﶼС
ҪĴ׼ˡ
⣬ҪҲȫݺãϴøɸɾ
ֻҪĻ㻹ûɱ
սһۣͦ⡣
óյСţѾƽ˵£սֱͶء
ս⣬϶ЦʲôԸūһǣū澱֤ù⣡
ս˳ˮ۸һЩע
ȻûڸĻ㣬ֽɱ֮ⷢĲͬ
عͷսȻ㣬ʱŵôʧɫæҪ
ɲܸūɣС֡
սһм׸ѣѵﻹˣ
ô˵ˣﻹҶ˵ʲô
ֻܸСѾߵɫСĶսԼ߻ȥæ
СѾŵò۵ضţսС˵Լ
ڣֱһ׼׵սҲûˡ
׼׵Ϳʼ
ֻһΣĲףǵζõ֭
еŨ֮Ķ
ֻ֮Ҫÿʱһ㣬ζͻʡ
ȥֻôеķӡ
䷽϶Ҫĺúܶࡣ
ټⰾĵζ֭ĻûȣһҲԲ
һ󣬺ܿԺӶƮζԺѾֱʿˮ
ģζԶԶƮ˳ȥ
Ƿ㣬Ѿ쵽ˡ
š
ζĶܵ˰
Ƕ֪ζ϶ûԼķݶȻҲŬš
ļӿɾܲˡ
ȱζ磬סսҲġ
֮ǰڿ˱Ϊⷢ
ζһƮʱû˿˱˼Ͻô¡
֪ζսƮȥģﻹס
Ͻܹˡ
ʱսѾæˣԺͷ
û취̫õ
ͷ߻ãûҪھ͵ȫԺｫſ
һͿںɪɪУڿ
⻹ˣ
ˣǹӲ˵ζ˲ϣæߵսǰһѳ顣
⺢ӣӲŸոպõôͷ磿ϧģ
һ䣬̲סۣϽսС֡
Ȼɵۡ
ս־Ȼһ䣡
ůģ
ս޹˫ۣͻȻеΡ
ս
磺
¿ͻȻ
εؿһ£Сʲôأôô㰡
սתת飬Ҫ֪Ůװܳȥ˵
Ϸ塣
˵ΪҵԵʣⲻãȥ˿
˵Ȼü
ǸϽ˵ȥ֮󣬾óζãԵⲻÿ϶ҵԵʡ
̲סˣȻԵʣһңûôܸ㳶Ϲϵ˭ں˵˵Ϊﲻ˺죡
սƲƲ죺˶ô˵˵Ű衣
ֲʶңƾʲôô˵ңҵȫǵ˶֪ⲻøûϵ
һȻ
ڣ˭˵ΪҲⲻá
ôƽȥˣ겻ͣͷû͸֪
˵꣬ͻȻ֪طӦ㵵ؿȣ԰ôģ
ô㣡
ô֪ԼŮͣ
Ҵһѧˣǰֻѡ⣬òԶ֡
ҪΪ֤ҵףҲҵֿӱӵģ
ս˵ֱ׳ְ˽ȥסͷ
СƮζͻȻһ
æս˵Ϊ¶

츮ԺС¥Ů˵Ż
ŮһΣһģò
ʱϣ̬ţõһŮͼ
ֻŮ˵㣬ҶѾ˵սŰѾýͷβ˾֪۵ҵĵ궼û⣬ǻãԺ󻹸Ҳ۸㣡
΢Ц᣺ô˵ֻɲŮƷ񡣡
ʱͻȻѾ߻ŻŵشﲻˣռͻȻˣ
-

23 

ѾߵĻһڣոջȻõŮͼ˲ˡ
ɺͳӣ鶼ЩӲ
ռ겻Ѿû
ôֺˣ
ʲôʣ
ɺԽԽˣɫҲԽѿ
ͬӣֻҪɺЩ
ܿѾߣ֪ռ꾿ʲô£
ѾߵͷЩַߺ޵˵ū澸ոϢ˵ռ껻˸³ӣƮ˺öʳ͡
翪ʼζͳˣѾˣˣǱߺöأ͵ųõ
Ҳû˶ңϢ֪
ɺͳһѾߵĻζӡ
ۿռû⣬Ȼ³ӣ
ռҵô⇡ã
ɺҧгݵ˵Ʈʲôô㣿ǼʲôõĶɣռҹȻ֪ˣЩ⼿
˶٣ߵضԳ˵㣬ǿɲռһգ
ͷЩаţúúò顣ǵ˲õĶֹһˣ
ɺһЦȲãǸô
롣Ƭ̣ܿ⣬ˣǾô
յɺߣСֹ˼䡣
ɺͷ̾ؿȻ
˵̷ԸѾȥ졣

ռʳѾ˴á
Ѿ֪ù󣬿ɻûߡ
ôζ㲻Ҳְ
˭涨Ķһó
һóأ
ʱ˻ƹ
˾ô֡
Ը߼ģζá
ӹԸģһǶڴζá
νԲᣬˡ
̫ˣƹ͵СѾæýŲմأûȥЩ˼
褺ͬǹʱ򣬱Ȼľһ
Ѽ۸ˣôôˣ
̫˰ɣ
һؼҵ
ͬҲȲѣ׷Ťͷ͸ž̾ۡ
͵ܣ꣬˰
Ҫǳǵսɡ
˵ףλ³͵ܣҪ³Ӵͽô
褸Ͻǫ˿ˣĿս𣬲ǸСѡںͦ࣬ʵ˿϶û١
ҪôһɱܸߵģϺõĲϲУ׬˶٣׬Ǯ
֪ǵ˼
Ǹģʱʱ̵죬ɱȿС׬Ǯˡ
ɣǻɫ룬ҲǾеġ
ӽ£Ҳ̫֡
Ҫ˼´㡣
Ǯÿ죬ȥҲ졣
ҪδؾͱȵϿ׬Ǯ̤ʵ
ҲѹĽ
褲ò˵رǫ飬ԼСⱻ˵ϡ
ռڵѾˣҪٱ˵ϣе鷳
һ·ͣǫ飬òײŴһͬ˶¥ż䡣
߽żʱһϵ·ˣ
ģ
ǽһӡ
ʳ̫ˣ
ǼĸŵжԶԶȻǶߣ˼ˣ
һ·ʱЬӶ㱻˲ȵˣ
ǹ
˵Ҳôɣ
һȫˣԴζȥʹǵڣһæ¾Ȳظ˹
¸ϲ
װͦ
褰̣ȴ飺ţȥߴߣǸϽѳԵ͹
һٲͣ˵ˬ
˵ͳȥˡ
ͬʱռ⣬λ˲õ
ƮζȻƵضһԵ˵磬˵ûɣҵ³ӣر㣡ζˣ
ŲôûϢ
ϵġռǡ֣̲סʣҵռҵģ
ƽʱûʲôãϲԣͷûռң˵ΪռѾͷҵⶼûˡ
컻³ӣʵ̫ˣ˺öʳ͡кܶˣ˸࣡
ռѾͷ֣̲ס˻δޡ
ǰˮԲѣ˵˾ûˡ
ΪѲˣ˭֪Ȼˣ˵һֱڼ
ӣĻһʱǲᱻˡ
뵽δޣ翴ռңֵֹܾġ
Ʈζȷʵ㣬̲סˡ
ĳӣ̫һ㡣
-

24 

߽̺꣬ͳѶһ
Ҳ̫ˣ
Ƭ̺󣬳ͻȻ㿴˵ûɣرã
ƳһۣҲôˡ
˵ǿпһ·˶¥
ѸϽȥ
ʱһҶƹάġ
̫࣬³£òô
ƹǺһͨæµʳǶкˡ
ù󣬲˭óԡ
ƹһͨǸ󣬾ͰЩԸµ˳ȥ
Щ뿴ֵģȥҲ᲻ߣȥ˸ڵĵš
Ǳƹܹȥġ
ҲЩʳĵ꣬һζˡ
ƹ˿˹ȥЩ
ƹѲɵ꣬Ϳʼϲˡ
Ĳ˾֣±⡣
±еࡣ
±㣬ͷ⣬䡣
ֲ̫ţζȴˡ
кװ̺󣬸ʳָ󶯡
ϵǶ¥ż䡣
̺ͳѶǮеĲȫһ顣
ƹ˵λҵ
ԶŲȥˡ
ѿ󸹱㻹ŹӣúЦ̲סŻ˵ǵ³ӣζһҪóԣҪ
ƹŵɫһףæϣȻЦү˵Цˣǹˣʲôɽ亣ζûԹ
СľͨѣҪܶθڣСҡ
ѰҪǲأ
ƹЦҪǲܣС긣ֲԲүθڡ
ͦ˵İҪʲô
˵ҪƷͻȻ뵽ʲôʹ˸ɫ
˫ӣѸһеñƬ
պպϺѸһͣ˲Բۡ
Թԣ
Ҳ̫óˣ
һƬ˲Ŷ٣
һȥûˡ
ͻȻе᲻ʣϻĲ˺ȥ
ʵôó𣿡
գգ̵ۣ̫죬ūûüūģܡ
˭֪û˵ͱˡ
أ°ɡ
ޱ˵ּһ±Ʒ
ζǲȻȹĻҪóԣ
˫΢΢һȲȥһӡ
ѱûԶ
̳Եʱ̲סˣϽӡ
ƹ˳ȥ룬ȥ˸ż䣬褶һ
һ̺ͳˣ̵ס
Ͻ˽ͬţȥ˸ڸǴк
ʱ򣬳̺ͳԵ
Ƴһۣذ˰֣ʼˣˣ֪ˣȥɡ
͵͵Ƴ˳һۣҲû˼عˡ
ߺ󣬳Ѿ˵ҿˣȻǻҪѳԵķָ붼룡
Ӳأ
ˣζ̫ˣ˵ǲҪݸĸ͹ȥ
̫Ӵ硭
˭
Ƴһۣ۰Ͱ͵ؿţ˵ȥԸһݴߣǶŲûˡ
۰Ͱ͵ӣ
ū
ײҿӦһسȥˡ
ȥţ
Ӻͻʺĳʳɲܳ˲ӣ
ʳǳԵǺȻ졣
һ˫˫ӲͣһԼͳԲˡ
˭֪ʱͻȻ˽ꡣ
СӭȥЦ˵ԲסСѾ͹ٲȥڳζ
˭֪͵ţͻȻߵһץһƬ⣬һںͻȻޡһڵϡ
ߵ˵С꾹Ȼ綾һѣֱǲ
⻰һ˲䰲š
綾
Ǹոճô࣬Ѿжˣ
СһϽץסԭҵģʲô綾һѣû
ôۺǵãֶΣҲȥǵĶ˭
ץס˶ʱЩĻţǸǵģ治֪ҵĶ˭
ֻ˸ǮⳡϷ
Щԥģ˸ǮʵǶ֮࣬䣬˵϶һѣˡ
С˼ѲҵĶҲǣ
ЩĻţ뵽³ɺĺôִ˵ӡ
ȷʵ̫ˣոһڣζõûסȥˡ
ô㣬϶
϶һѡ
£
ִ˵ӣҲˣһĹʵо綾ܹͬ񫡣ڲ
¥ż䣬̺褶˶
߳ż䣬ֱӴӶ¥
ʲôˣȻҵҰ
µһϵ·ɫ˲Ұס
-

25 ֳ֮ϲ

г¶Ǹִ߽Ľƭӡ
ûãִ߽ʱ˸Ǯ£ˡ
ϵ·¶ʱŵ˫ȷ
褽Ѿжʱ䣬µ˼öˡ
¶һͿ顣
ʵ˵˭µģʵ
¶ͷһţͽˡ
ܿʶܳϡ
Ҫˣ·ˣ
ҧ˲ɿڡ
ò϶⣡
һ䲻ĴȻģһУϵضһжӡ
ո·ŵζ֪ﶨȻһѡ
үǲţȥϵʡ
ĳΪϵһ˴Ҫ񫡣
˵֮䣬ʱˡ
ų¶޲һ
ȴ̲סĻţ˵ˡ
սģһ֪һжƭأ
У˵ȥץ
Ҫ֣˭֪ſͻȻһ
˵ϵУƭ˵Ľаɣ
ս˽һװŶ񣬿˧
˵һж˵˵һѾʲôģʲô״
սؿ㲻˵ɣ
Ѿȥ˳öҽԺͻᵽ
ǸҺ˵˵ҽܲ𴩣
ڣ㻹˵ʵ𣿡
ҡҡ¶׻ˣôҲû뵽·Ȼɱ˸ҧ
ʲôһ
Ǯ°ˣԷҲû˵һʲôģֻ˵ϵصġ
ͻȻðĳҧȴ֪ġ
Ҫ˵һʱ˵Ĳԣ˲ˣ
ʲôҽ
¶͵͵ΧʳǿѾˡ
Ȼλҽȷˣ
Է϶˵ѣ
ô죿
һⷴӦ֪ˣ̳ȴ˵ʵ㻹С
ҪִԲɾʹˣ˵˭µģ
¶ԥ
ִ߽ɹƭ꣬Ǹӣûײģɲɵ
ҧϣͷͻȻˡ
ֻһŸͷ׵ߣﻹ˷ܵغӣСİҽˣ֪һ
ҽǾǵҽҽˣ¸ء
ʳǶʶк
ս񣺡ҽиУ˵һѣϰæʲôζ
⻰ѰȻϸϸĥ֪Ѿ¶˿ӡ
˵ͬᣬҽΪˣȻȥͬС
Ϊһ¸صҽߣߵģԾֿɹƭĽУ
ֽвҽߵûһ޵ġ
ҽһս⻰¶ͱòˡ
Ǹ¸صǰΪһ仰ϵΪ¶ƭӡ
ų¶˵˵һУϷͿ㡭
˵˼̽
տʼȽϼ򵥣¶ǿǺԽԽѣ¶ͱסˣֻܺҺŪȥ
ҽòˣܿ޿̵ŭں
ҽˣŹ죿
ڲ
ս¶ҲԽԽ䡣
ҽⲢرѣе㾭Ĵܴ
ȴǺ˵ȻȻֻƤëĽƭӡ
ˣƽʱƭƭ֪վͰˡ
ȻҵҽǰŪ֪ôġ
ƹûõСһ͵ҽǰҽСͷҼ˶
ҽŵζֻȥԱ˹ôµ죿
ƹµģˡ
Ϸ򿴿
ҽȻ˵ӹƹС룬ӽ˽ϸ۲һȻҨһףϸϸƷ
˽ŵؿš
֪ô˵
ģҽͻȻɫ
ô˵˭ֻ֪Ƿһ̾ҨһƷ
һ
ǼץӸεģ̲ס︹̣ܲܳԣ˵仰ѽ
˭֪ҽƷڶڣʲôû˵
˵ȵЩͷʱҽͻȻ룬һȥ
˿һĻ˼
ҽⷴӦӦûɣ
Ȼôһȫˣ
Ȼҽܿ뻹ƹȻû˵𣿸Ϸһ
-

26 ֿ

һҽĻﻹв׵ģ
ҽˣûⰡ
Ҳˣ˵ҽΣͷмʲôõĶ
ҽƳһۣܲã˭˵ͷ˲õĶʮ̲ȵĻӦǿЧ
⻰һΧһֱĵʳ˲伤ˡ
ʮ̲
ǿ壿
ǱöȰ
ܲˣղŵһѣֲҳԡ
ǿû˼ˡ
ԣ
ԣ
¶һܡҧҧһ˺ģս˹ȥ
û취ڱؾ֮·ϡ
սúÿһɣΪǸһײ͸ײˡ
˭֪տսһų˹
һСϣ˲ߵõ˳ȥǰ
顱һ죬¶ڵذϣֻûĹͷɢ˼ܡ
ҪһֻƤѥͻȻȥȵ߹ǶҪˡ
¶ʹ̧ͷıȴɱȻ
ôݰףΪᣬеŮࡣ
ȻԴӽϾͶֺʣ˲
һѳ䵶ѩĵз⣬ѹڳ¶Ĳϣ˵˭ָʹµģ
ĵ׾پͻ˳¶Ƥ˿ڲûѪ
Ȼǵ֮󣬾ǻĴʹ
¶ŵòӣٲ˿ʹؽүү
СˡСҲǱƵİǡ˱Сô˵ģСҪǲҪС˵
û˵ΪǮ͹˸ѣ˵ԼǱƵġ
װ˵ɻȥ
үСһɣСаʮĸС
ֿɹƭĽУ֪ıƺ˶ٴΡսشץȥúֺ޹
ץˣֻó¶˵˵Ļʹûץߡ
սĻץȥϸʡ
սѾҺ˽ڣھץˣҲû˵ʲô
ǡʱƹȥˣѾ˵ֵ
Щһȳһ񣬾Ҫ˴ߡ
սȴͻȻʳ¶ǲܿ࣬͹Թ԰֪Ķ˵
ո˵˱£ŮͶ󣬳ʲôģʲôطĿʲôô
¶ɫһ䣬˵ûôͱѳ˲ϵһһЩͭ
ܹʮᣬ˵СĿ
ͭǮͲˡ
óµĳ¶òô
¶ѳҵ׻ˣܵҪȥһ˸ܺһš
ʵ
¶ֻܽˡǡǸѾߣӣǡᡣ
˵үǸ٣СҪǲԹҪץС´ΣСǱƵģ
һѾߣүǵٵģսһʵ磬ǵĸ٣
⻰һ˵ı˲΢
Ƕ֪ռҿġ
֪ԡ
￴ռҲ˳۵˲٣Ҫ˵ռģǾֻг¼ˡ
ǣһЩ˾̲סĥˡ
Ѳɣǳ¼˸ɵģ
ɳ¼Ҳܸɳ£
붮ս˼˵ǲĸ٣СñĹƽ˽ˮ͡
һ£ûֱ˵ʲôСòû˵ĻԼȥ¡
Ȼִ˽˵´ãӦòֱ˵¡
Ҳǽƻⲻ˵ճµΪɣֻ˵ʲôá
¼˵ҪֱѰ˼ˡ
ǳ¼µģ⻰Ǵ˳¼ҵ˵ǹ
սȴǻӲƵģͻȻʵô˵ͷβڴСôˣŰ裿ֻôģ
⻰ͬѰζ
Ҫû˹ɢֻôᴫýͷβ˾֪
һĥ̲ס;ǳ¼Ҹɵġ
ʵռҵĵ˲٣Щ˶пɢЩԡ
սֻ˵˳¼ң˵Ĺ˼ά֮£ʶֻ¼ͷ룬벻ĵطȥ
սع˹ǣþա
Ҳûٶ˵ֱ˰ѳ¶ˡ
¥һû֣׼ϳȥȥԡ
ȴ¥µһ˲š
һ£ŵǸˣ˳ף̫ƽݳֹǸԭ褵ĵܵܡ
-

27 

ѵĻ̲סعͷؿųѡ
ôôĵܵܣ
Ѳʱˣ磬ʲô񣿡
ֿ
ĺðɣ
һż䡣
¥£սһ鷳ʹ㿪
߳ȥͱ׷ˡ
褵ɫɲ̫ÿ
۶սõʣôˣʲô
Ҽҵģ֪ʵڼ
춼˻ܣô죿
սӣûҸرʵ˵֪ˣͻؼң
ȴģ߰ɣȥ
ҲǸƯҪ·ϳʲô¾ˡ
սֲֻܹԹ͡

츮ԺС¥
ѾߵĻ㱨ɺЦøãºˣռһôˣ
öֻ࣬ǳЦлĵռˣǺ¡
ֻռҰˣºǻݺݱ
˵Ѿߣ˿ɿģ
Ѿ߸Ͻ˵ĹģūСݣδ˿ū澵ģ
ͺáͷ˵·ͬСɣǱӦúܿҪʲôֻǱߵĶС
˵꣬ɫѾ磬ǡ
̫ϲĸ㣬Ҫڹ
ٲϻȥʱ˹žҪԿˡ
ɺҲûȥ
ߵ¥µʱ򣬸պɺĴd˹
dǳδ򣬳һ֥ĺòƫЩ
ͳعġ
ѾЩʱûһ棬Ŀ
˶ãΧȫ˸ɾ·ؼֻʣǶˡ
ɺһ˻
ǲź֪طΧˣղ΢΢졣
ɺЦе˵磬Ұ㽻ˣһҪƽͻع
šdӦһȻŲ֪سȥĹ롣
лߵصͷd뿪С¥
ɺЦӯӯĿ뿪֪̫䣬ɫ̫ԵʣϵЦݸһֹŤУЩɭ
ȵԶЦתС¥

dһǰһţѾ߸ͷ
ţ·ԽԽƫ
dͻȻͣתų˵ּˡ
΢Цעǰڼˡ
d⣬ǰӵ뻳ЩҲϻʹʹ
񰲾ؿУС˵Ѿöˣġ
ʵϣһӲôʹֻóˡ
dȴģ޺޵˵ôܲģֻҪ뵽㱻Ů˱ӣҾ絶ʡģһ㱨Ҳ۸㣡
ԣ΢΢ǣȴֺܿȰĸָǧҪ嶯Ѿûˣǻ
dĹУԽ㣺ģҲ£µģ۸ˡܿ죬Ҳ۸ˡ
˵ÿ϶˿
ӵһ𣬺޲ԶҲֿ
˭֪ʱԶͻȻһУ
ʲôˣ
dͳһŵøϽֿ
ϸ񣬼ǳ˻ķޣͷҲܵ¡
οδɻ顣
һĻ˿ǵɾˣ
𶯣ȥʲôˣ
dɫǳѿ˵ʹ˳ȥ
Ȼ֮ͺɫ˲䣡
ܣô㣿dһߵǰģɫٴδ䣬ô㱻˴ˣ
öˣһֱӵͷԹؿd
󣬿׳ͷ
Ϊ̫һֱͷûһؼҡ
˭֪һҲûףֻ͵͵ػ
Һ±˿û˵С·ߣ˭֪Ȼd
ײdĺ£
ʵǡ
һ߾ý̫һ̲סŭ
Ҫ̫Ű裬С˽ͷô
dһӣģ󣬵˭ɵģ
ſڣûС˵һŰͣǸСӳø褺Ӧռˡ
ǣռˣǣΪԼ˭ӽ¾͸ҶŹӣ
dòᣬһֱӺˣģװװ򣡡
˵꣬ûؽߣͳع
빬źȴûлңȥ˱ĵط
-

28 սƣ

ս֪еҪ
һ·ŻصսţͷխZڵţ
սһ̲ס͸ӿεѧ͵͵˰βࡣ
խZῡݣȴ˴ҳϢ
Ϊ׾ڼУвмΪӣһϴ󣬲òصԵʡ
ռҾôЩˣһų£͵Ϊȫڷ絲ꡣ
խZ
ƽʱܵѹҲҪսöࡣ
սΪðƻ飬־խZ̫ףʱ׷
磬ô
ò֪͵ȥİɣ
խZ˫ֱ󣬿༫ˣȥʲôˣ
ҡսЦȥϲϲ
ס˵
խZҽƱ磬ͻȻŭձ̧ͷɫ֪ʲôʱ𣿡
սƳۺڳ죬Ͻȥʱ컹ûأʱǶһġ˵ûԶ
ȥ˵ֲǳǣʲôΣգ
ֲԶһƬסĶȨΰõúܡ
㡪խZ˴ˮ˲١
ս˲侯裬˴òǷʲô˰ɣ
ҶڹŹ߹һˣҪǻܴ㣬ԺôĶ֪
սֱ׳˵˵ˣǰֲֻǸϲñ˵
˭֪˾ǣЩһһա
ΪҲ֪ǿűӣڱ˵ҴҰ
Щӣˡ
խZսĻһۡ
һֱｿţܹôί
ǰǱ׾ģǼֻ˦Ӵˡ
˵һһ׵ġ
Ǵ̫󣬰̼ÿˡ
խZ̲סʣŶ㶼Щʲô
ս̵˵ǲܾԼҴҰ
ƫҪ֪Ҳ˶
ҽȥԺ飬ѧ㣡
ˣҽ찾±õķӾ￴ġ
˵ս̲ס͵͵Լ100ޡ
ǸСԲˡ
ŶխZӣȻȤ￴ķӣʲô飿
ս׼ˣ͵ء
Դ󷽷˵һ־ɵ￴ġ
ƵòӣƶûԸⷭ
ұҲ뷭ģʱˡ
ʱŷͷǲף˻
ˣһҪ𣿡
˵øһ
խZûʲôȤս˵±֭ķӶǴһòϿģ̲סˡ
Щ˼ҿ
鷿Ҿȥá
Ǿһȥ
սխZСԺ
СԺﻹڰζر㣬ԽǿζԽŨ
խZζͻȻ;е
Ŭסˣûս
Ϊ磬㶨У
ֱ߽СԺխZǵݵģ
˭ҲʵŬš
սҴ߽鷿糭õĲ˳
ݲײǺ֣䷽Ͳ趼дúϸ֤֮ѧ
ֻΪ˱棬طȱ©
խZʱ򣬺ܿͷˡ
ǿľû뵽Ȼôط
ȱ©̲סźǲ©ʲô
ս˲Ϸ壬һź˵ԭеĵطҧˣҪôּۣѾ壬ֻԺˡ
խZһʵأ
ս治ɫسѣˡ
ȷʵ˱飬ﻹҵҽ
ǡխZεصôգԺˡ
ǸɵѾͷҪûգ˴һ£˵ֱּܹ
ս˵Ǳ̫ˣŶİϴ˺öء
խZÿɵӵȻ࣬ﲻһ˰㳭
սͷһµģǸԼĻűȽг
·֪Լ£ܷԳ飬ֺխZ
ԭ㻹֪ԼˡխZȻ֪ˣԺٺˡ
ȻŬ̵ȴй¶ʱĺ顣
սһɹӦȥҲЦСꡣ
˵磬д𣿡
ףխZ˷Ȼд
ǵһοЩɻ󣺡Ǵδǽзͬ
-

29 

Ǹڷܵӡ
ȻôͷɣԹҲĻʵֶӻĵڷܶˡ
۴Ҳ֪Լλһ˼Ҫֶӻĵ۸ȥ
˯磬˹
ϳʱ䶼ǰˣٹ͵Ļᣡ
סڹÿ֮ܳԸͣȥϳ
ٹסڹ⣬Ϊ˸ʱ䣬òø硣
û͵ôӱЩĵӣҪȥϳ
ǽһҡ
Ҫûоĳĺӣٹǻ
мûôɥĲ
ǣƷĻĵ۸۱ֱǸСɰ
СɰᣬƢãرûŪԴЩǽһ
ӳϳʱ䣬ϲԴ
Ǻڰеһ⣬Ǻڰ
ɺ޵ǣôõСɰȻƷˣ
һλͽǶݵĺӡ
»ˮ֮Уÿ컹ĵ±㣬пڿͷ
˭Ⱑ
Ȼ۲ǸСɰֶӣϲˣ
ոλͰһĴʮ壡
пʵѪŻ˲ˡ
ǲԼԴȥӲֱŹֻǰﾸѹ
ţûʲôǸС
Ǹرõֶ
Զϲš
ΪʲôȫǶڴռҹŰ裿
ΪռҸǳ۸
ֱδ̫ԣǾߵ˿£
ճᣬպòڡ
ֽܵţڼҲû
ΨխZǰĲ£ڵ⡣
խZֺܲõԤС
ֵȣԤӦ顪Ӻӱˡ
տʼһʷվ˳սŰ裬ʧŮ£ΪŽŮ޷ŮףӦöٽ
һ⻰ɫͺˡ
ϱԸģ˵սã˵飬˸ĸҹ棿
ţ
ǾȹѵĹ
һֱĹϹᡣ
ΪһС¾ͽٽҪһɹģ
οӶδޣò׻һ
ƾ㣬սʸ
ѵҪöӼ
۲õؿʷһǸͷ׵ͷӣʱ
϶
ϣʹʲô˵
Ϊɱ
ۺ˿ڲ轵ƳŲһۣͻȻô˵
ɤӺʵ϶ô˵
Ƴ˸պõʷһۣڣխZڵ⣬ʺβô˵
խZͷš
˵Ǿ
խZĶļ
һȥϽ˵
ȥȹ񣺡ְխZμ£
˵۶ʷŰ裬ʧŮ£Ϊô
խZոͷѾʷĵ˵ɱˡ
̧ͷĿɭؿʷʷ˵Ű裬֪ǴӺδҥԣ
⻰һڳĲٴ󳼶̲סխZȥֱҪ
մжŰ裬ȫ˭֪ѽ
ȻǴӺδģ
Ͼǵڴ
ʷȻҲˣһеۣŰ裬Ŀ֮±޴س֮ŮС֪£ѵ֪
ƺխZΪӣȻ
խZ᲻֪
кŨȴŲæô˵ʷƾģֻоԣ
Ȼǣʷŭñ޴س֮Ů˿ɲ٣
խZ⻰˿ţЦЦŶ֪ñ޴λس֮ŮЩ˿ˣ
ʷʱ
ǵսĿǻʧȥΪʸ񣬸ŰϸŮ޷Ů׵
ûˮ
˵խZŹ
խZܿ׷ʵʷΪβ˵˵ˣҪпĿ߰ɣ
˭Щ˿ˣʷҪöܵð˵һһʰɣ
̲ʹ󰸣ҲҪ֤ݡѵʷȨտڰܸ˶
ʷ˵࣬Ϊ֤Լף˵Ȼп
ñ޴ǹӼ¼֮ŮʱڳĻس֮Ůˣ
խZŲæʣЩس֮ŮˣʷΪβ˵УȷǶˣ
-

30 ά

ʷðһƬ亹
ȫгͲܡ
̫ˣ
Ҫ˵ˣǼҶԹ
ؾѵ벻ϣ
խZɲӣֱЦʷ֤˶˵óʲôѲΪʷͿƾ
ʱ˵˵ûʷܸоݡ
ҥԾͿԺҵף
ÿɲЩϻġ
ҲؿʷĶϱãȻ֤ݶòҪĹ
͵͵һƳӳվ˳ʣҪ
ò˸δޣ˾˵ϲã뻻
ʣĻ¶ôˣۿϣȻǣö𣿡
ˣ˲룬صųѣ޲ðһ٣ô𣿸£
ѴŵӺԩʣǶҪ磬ͼı죬öɻ顣
һ֣׵̫ӳ;ͷ
ܾó˵Ǹ
Լԩˡ
֪ʲôû
˭֪ʷΪʲôҪ϶δޡ
뵽̲סʷһۣЩ䡣
ЩףҲòʦڡ
Դ϶˿֮ﳼӾûԸԼŮġ
϶˸ŵδޣôǲͣ
ǵֵøɱˣǲſϰǲǣ
۾ص۳ѣֹ˵ȥȻſʷǴ˱ҲЩ˿ˡʷ˵
Է˻ʷﻹеѣ
ҧҧջ˵Сٵ֡
ûʸϳС٣ʷǹģǲڲŸô˵
һ˵꣬Ѿ̲סˣʷող˵ĶЩس֮Ů
ɱţôЩС֮ŮأѲɣʷֻЩС٣ҰЩس˵
һʷͨ죬Ȼȴ˵Ѽһǲſ
£۵ɫѿˡ
λͿĵ۵ϳ˳ֻۣǸոյǻûãܲܰЩϳȫһ顣
һ̫ԣ
Ҳûôܹȥ
ֻȽãԺ˭˳ˣһ˸ˡ
˭֪ûЩ˿أЩסˡ
ۿŶҪˣЩ۶ӣ
ټϣ̿һ£ȷʵһĲ
⵱ӵģԼӴ
̽ò˸ģ˾ȻָҲʹ죡
ʲô
Ӵ
ԽԽؿʷһɨӿȥ
ֻһͷûҪվ˼
һЦͻȻ˵˭ŮˣھվȻسض˰ɣ
Ҫж˸վ
˵ĶϱãǾԼվ˱ʲô
һ˭Ҳվ
½ˣôûվʷող˵𣬺ܶس֮Ůˣѵ˵ѣ
˵꣬俴ʷɭȻһЦ
ʷŵ亹ֱðϽ˵˼ӵ֡
ѧˣ˵ļֶڳˡ
˵̰ͷȥȥЩ˵ɫ
ĳӣɫףʷˡ
ۿǣʵŮĿˣ
ĳ﷢̲࣬ס̣Ůûп֪ܲ
˭֪޿ײ룿
֪ܲ£
ʲô֪ǵԼ˵
˶һۣԥô˵
ʷʼղϿڣʱˣ̲סһ˵֣ʷȲǶΪβ˵
ʷоMMP֪
ôˣΪʲôƫƫֻ
ô˵ģ
ƫƫҲˣʷ˵
ʷֻվ˳ԥſڣСŮСŮȷʵռҹﵱʱ˳Ĺӡ
û˵˼ӣʶΪսʱ˺üӡ
ȻխZֲǸģԼã
խZʵ֪ȿпõʱ˼ӣ
ʷʱҭסҧҧײҵ۵ѣֻʵ˵ʱչﶯ̫죬СŮòǺϸֻ˱ӡ˶£СŮҲǺ
˵ý
խZȴʵȿô˶ٱӣӦÿüǱ˭ˮİɣ
-

31 ̫

ʷסˡ
սǱ˭ˮģ
զ˵
˵խZȴϸܿ׷ʵôѲѡϹֻüûӱӴˣƽˮأ
ȵ˲ãܹ֤Ĵˣ
ʷʷ˵Ĺﱻñ޴˵ġ
֪ʱλ̫ҽЩҩĹ˵Σ
ʷ࣬ƫƫ˵Ļ
ô˵
Ĺսƽ˽ˮأ
Ů񲻺û壿
ʷһҲ˵㳯ʷȥϣܷ䡣
ʷȻˣϣѰ򿴣ǹѣ
խZȴϱŪȥ˵ô˵û֤ݱĹﱻˣ
˵ͻȻЦһ͵عڵϣ£õձĹˮأʹ˴󲡶գղŽкת
̫ҽԺ̫ҽԿ̫ҽ֤
ƣԸĹƽϡ
ǸТ˳ӣոкתΪĸʳһĲѣطΪĸ
˾ҧһڣԣҪ
¡ʥһܻһף
ⷬ˵ڳĲ˶ɵۡ
խZ޳ܾˣ
խZ˵ǸŰã
˵
۶Щ
սûдӣ֪ܲ
˭սĶϱأ
ʲôϵ
ϱλҲÿͬͬ⣡
ս᰾
϶ͦģƺӾռҵģ
˻񣬺ܿ˵ģһ
һ̬ʷʷ˲ǳɫ
Ҳ͵͵˸񣺱ǰҪռҰ
խZ˸񣺡лʥԸΪ¾Ϲᣬѣ
˵̧ͷͻȻ˵£òʱ˵һɣǾ仰ˮйء
ŶͻȻ˼ʱ˵ʲôˣ
խZȴ˵Ǿ仰йأˡ򳼲˵
ʶ̿ȥ
̣
ƳխZһۣĪֺܲõԤС
ȴʣõʱ˵ʲôˣѵˮΪĶ磿
խZʲôҲ˵ƺڵ۱̬
Щ˵ʲô˵ˡ˵
ҪǸҺ˵˵ôʰСӣ
խZ˵ƺ˼ľţѹһֻǵʱѾúͿˣûȫѣֻһ˵
ʱԭǣҲˣ㲻ҪɱҡԳɣĹˮ֮ǰǸ˵Щʲôŵ˵Щ
⻰һһֱûڵĹӼƳʿҲ̲סŭխZѪˣСŮû˵ֻ
խZƳһۣʹ
ʿǺϷȻʹ
ʵϣʱԳơϷ򡱣ռխZıˡ
ڱѹխZһͷ
խZŲæطʣ֪¼ƿʹΪҪСˮ
ʿ
ɫ˱䣬ַܿŭ˵СŮûƹãԼûվˤȥСŮʲôϵ
ǾԲϵģ
ͲխZܹó֤ݣ֤ŮƵģ
ʿҧϣխZȴ˵ССѧϰգƽˤӡ˹ˤˮأ
ۿųʿ˶˵Ѳɣ¼ƾСǹˤˮƴҲҪȣ
ԩ޳˵ЩʵĻˮ㶪ССŵ˵
ʿñ鶼ŤˣխZѪˣСŮѾףᡭ˵ֲҪĻ
˭֪խZʣֲǳĹ֪ΪҪ˵Щδ⣬һĽأ
⻰һٴ̲סƳխZһۣɫˡ
ڳڶ೼Ҳ͵͵խZͳʿԼͬڳɡ
ֻɵˡ
˶⡣
˭֪ѽĹdס
խZ˵Ĺδ򣬲˵d
ӱϱĽˣܸ˲Źˡ
˶һñӣ
ϧdֻǸԺޣûʸϳ
ȻҪڵĻɫ϶ÿ
ʿҪƫƫ¸ýֻͣҧǿ¼ҼҷϣСŮСŮ飬ŷ֮£
-

32 

խZ΢ЦźͱŭеĳʿӣˣռҵļҷҲϣҸСͽ̵˳Т㩣ܡ
СȻЩǳȴӲ˷ҷ£
ⷬóʿը
ʲôв
˷
խZ˵˵Ůۺڹ
ҪҪһˣȻһŮӵڣ
ҪƳȥ
ûխZҪƳȥ
ýˮأҪõô˵£õ
¼ҸΪʲôܱ
̫άô
¼Ҹ˵ãȥƾʲôܱƳȥ
ȥ
Ҫ֪ҲϹսɱ˵ģ
Ҫý˹ǵó¼˸ɣ
ĹУһֱš
ʷϣĴdȢ˳񣬻档
ڵֻǸɡ
һֱȺխZĻֻôͷ͵ġ
ֻǳûţûмվϲÿ
ͦĥŵȳʿˣվʹխZˮ˭֪ʿôûã
ûܷխZĻխZʹػ˻
񲻵òվԴǵָխZһ޹ŮӣɷǾΪ
խZƳһۣô˵ɾóĹ޹ĽСˮҪҲ޹ô
üͷ壬һԴǵģֻһ֮ʣû֤ݡ
խZ̷ôû֤ݣʷ˵𣿵ʱڶس֮Ůڳˡ
ʷŮ񲻺ãܲڳĹﶼѡϹɣţ˿ĹСˮġ
ʿ⻰뷴
˭֪ոſڣͻȻ˵Ҫ֪Ĺﵽû˵Щչˮף
йʲˡˣͻȻĹڲס̫ӵĶ
ճûãͱ̫˽ӽ˹һֱסڡ
˻̫òǿ̫ӽɣ
⻰һ̫Բ԰׵˲ǳɫ
͵ϣԲһֱڷ
Ϊ岻ã˾վ˰ӣϳʱš
ǣ̫ӳȴƨɵ³˴һһ¾վˣĪ˵˳Ĺڡ
̫빬Ϊϲʳ񣬳Բ¶볢Ĺĵġ
Դ빬󣬹һֱӣ˵һμ󣬴δ
˵۰Ͱ͵ؿۣί˵븸
ί
ûУ
ڿһĹ
ο̫У֮أʱ̫ʹ죿
棬ֻɨ˳Ĺһۣû࿴
ʱĹͷͿһͷʲôģû壬ôͿˣ
׵ܵܰ
ģ
۵ųӣӴСϲ飬ΪΪظ
˵ѾףûףҲδʱ
ֲʲôɫˡ
ѣͻ˵˵
˽ºͰˣڵٹٵ棬Ҳô˵ûаӵķ
ǵð̫ӵ˲ſϰǲǣ
˲
Ȱؿų񣺡£㡣
˵Ťͷѣݺݵһۣ񾯸棺ӵţȻôʰ㣡
ֲõؿʿֱǨŭˡ
ԳҲû˺øС
СһӵǲС
ϱˮ˸
ֲӵض̫Ӷϻȥ
̫ӵ
빬ʵ̫Եʡ
̫ǲˣҲûȥ
ǶԳܲ
Ȼ̫Ҳǲġ
㺦϶δޣã˹ﻤţȥռҾ档
Ƿˣ
ʲô
սûأͼ۸ˣ
϶ôˣ
ô϶ô̫ӣ
ѹ϶̫ԽˣȫŮ˺ģ
۲Լֵ֮ܲͣͰѹ̫ͳͷϡ
Ⱦѣ֪˵˵̫顣
˵գõؿʿ񣺡ȻĹѾ޶ףڼҺúñްɡҪ׼Ķ࣬Īˡ
⻰ƮƮȻӵĶǰѳڼˣ
ͬؿʿ
˭֪»û꣡
糯չۺͻʺ˸սȥʹͣ
-

33 ̫ĺ

һСſ첽߽˶
ؿ˿Χ󣬺ܿҵһˡ
˶һʲôֶ˼䣬ͷ˳ȥ
˿ıӰ뿪ܿתߡ
սͻ֣ᷢǸߵˣǵ̫ȥռҾ﹫
﹫齹磬ܿҵ̫𽡣
ڳ࣬ƺθڲ
﹫ֳ߽ڣ˿
첽ǰڽߵ˵ˡ
⻰һ־һ١
ףɫ䣺ʲôˣ
﹫С˵ոմϢʷŮŰ裬޴س֮ŮΪ
⻰ǣƺ⡣
Цʣô˵սˣ
﹫һࣺµǳĹ
ʲô˲ɫŵҲսµôǳ񣿡
﹫͵͵ƳһۣɫݣŵøϽҶ࿴
ͬʱзɿ˵ʷսΪѯ˼խZʷʣͬˡ
⻰һɫԽ
ףͬ⣬ζս
ҧʣأ
﹫Ǽ˵խZ󣬲սˣʷó֤ݡ
ʷֻ˵λ֮Ů˵Ƕˡ
խZǲϣ˵Ĺսˮ
תͷĿֱؿôȫ˵µģ
﹫﷢䣬Ͻ˵խZ˵ĹĽսָˮ
ʲô˵𽲻мЦһֹţ
˭֪˵꣬ͷ﹫ı鲻Ծ
˲ֺܲõԤУʲô飿ѵĹ
﹫С˵Ӧûţɽ˵Ĺסڶ̫Ĺ
⻰Ȼ˲Ť˱飬Ӹˡ
ʲô˼
ǻ˵̫ӶԳ˼
֪ں˵˵ʳ̫ӡ
Ǿﳤ˸̣
񳤵úãԽСвŮ֮
dף˵̫
ľУҴ⡣
ںĪΪһʱȻѳӽ˹
ң
ŵģзڲѡ
ԥһ£̲סʵ̫ӡ˽¼񣿡
﹫Ͻ˵̫ӿС̫δ˽¼Ĺ
뵽̫ӵӣȷѿ飬ص˵ͷ
ֻ뵽涼ĳǾƽ
Ƭ̣ʵ˵ʲô
µ˼óĹúڼﱸޡ
˿Ǿȥɡ
òóڹ̫ӡ
ǡʱĸŮ˽
ĹһЩ⣬ζˬ壬Ҫã
˵ҿӣ¶Ư⡣
ʱĸʵԶǰḻʣ⣬Ҳ׸⣬ֻǷƵģ졣
õ׸⣬ֳ¿ɰĻͣ֡
Ϊĸʱȫ̶š
úԶţ֣֮
ü۴Цĥ
̫Ŀζ̫ͦӦϲġ
ȻҲҶ˹
˭ֻ֪ɨһۣûгԣ˵ȥѳĹл˵
˵üͷӶ
һҲ񣬿û취˽ģҪߣҲ
Ҫó֪Ϊʲô
ú޴ˡ
ܿˡ
֪Ϸ£ЦȻܲ
촩źɫȹӣŷ۾Σ˷۽Σ֦ͷţ۵һ
𽿴ͻȻ۵úܡ
̲ס˽˵Щ
ɰҧ
ס̫Ӷ빴˭
Ȼȴԩ˳
û̫ӣ̫岻ãԲ
ο̫ѾС
̫ͼʲô
ͼಡ
ᴩΪdd˵ҪΪԽ̫ã̲סʹһ¡
˭֪˽۾أ
ֻܹá
ﲻʹ죬ԳȻǳû˺øС
̾˿ֱ˵Ȼʰؼȥɡ
Ц˲佩Ӳϡ
-

34 սˣ

ı齩Ӳһ˲ϵЦݱ㵭θѾ𣿡
⻰ýԽá
ڶԳܲܳ˵ʲô⡣
Ҫ𣬵뵽¼Һң
̾˵ҲͻȻ޵ĻѾʱúúڼﱸޡ
ڹǵ㣿˵ĻҲˣǸúúڼﱸޣѼºʲô
˵˶٣ѳеǰģοЩӶ㣬ԵöЩ
ĺãǲġ׼һЩ⣬Ȼȥʱһȥ
⡭ȥҪʲôõĻǧȥʲôˣỳġ
ԣ΢΢һдҡ
׽ΪʲôҪؼҡ
ʲôõĻԲȲظ
ƽ޹ʵģôйԣ
ѵռң
ҧҧŭѡ
ɽ̫ҪٲԸҲֻܹԹԻȥ
ǲ֪ռҾͷʲô
ѵ˵սˮ
뵽˲һˮ⡣
ؿŽ𽣬ȴЦлΡ
˵̵ͷҪʪ۾Ǹʧ̬ˣˡȻȥˡ
أԸý𽿴ԼӣȻ˵ʱȴزס
˵֮Ͳٿڡ
𽰲ο˼룬ǣռҹ˵Щ㣬û˻ŵġȥɣúôڼȥ˾ûˡ
˵ͷܿ˳ȥ
ȥȳתţɫ˲ȥ
ʲô
ؿϵ⣬ЦŸ칫²ۣոյĻ㶼ˣ
ؼңȻʱǲθѾˣ
ʲô˼Ϊϡǵ㶫ѲɱԲ¶ˣ
Ĳá
˵кȷʵϲأΪ˶С̫һֱڷǳŬسԣ¶С̫
óһսҲһȳˡ
ѡΪ̫֮ǰһֱȲϳ
ڣ˸߸ϵ̫ﻹС̫λȹ̣δڡ
ȴҪŮһΪ㣬Ʒ
ÿÿţ;θڶ˲١
ɳΪ˳ûθڣ
ޣԼ
뵽̲ס²۵ոջڳһίͰ͵ӸװøƵģΪɵأ
ҶŮˣ˭֪˭أ
ȻǰװģΪǸ
ֱӣ
û
˵﹫˼ԣ˵ˣͲ˵ʲô
﹫Ͻ˵խZ˵ЩĹε鷳ǴˡԹ˲Ͼҿžǡ
ū˵ҼҷϣԼŮӵΪ⡣խZôһ˵ĹＴ˹ȥԺҲùʱΨһָܹģֻ𣿡
һЦ˵ûɲٸʲôǣ
﹫Ͻȣǣʲôˣۣݵλʱֻһ仰ѵҵ
֪˼˵Ļȫ˽ýⲻѡ
ֻ뵽ս־µûţ
õ˵Ҳ̫ƫˣսŰ裬λңҪˣ
Ȼ˵սԹƫģ﹫ȴҽӻ
սϾǳѾѡΪֻûڵˣҪ޸̡
﹫˵Ĳǣȴűս
ǣոǻԹۡ
͸˵ˡ
ĺãֻҪ۾Ķܿοµĵˮӣָɲס
˲붮
԰ʲôµģ
Ǹ޵ģ
δޣսܻܲ޻˵ء
οǰÿǵ˽ˮӡ
Ů˵ӿܲ䣬սڱˮôãѹ˭֪ܻã
Ļż޸ԺҲδ
ʲôµģ
ս治ˣǱ˸ʺ
δԻĶӣеɢȥֻʣĵ⡣
˭֪յûãͼҴҵ˽
һɫ͡⡱һ
õʵʲôˣɫôѿ
أū澸ոϢºͻʺﶼսʹ͡
-

35 ۺƫ

ɫѿˣѻ˵ʺĸôսʹͣĺ
ǵؿŽ𽣺ū澸ոͳĹÿʺߵͱߵЯһȥսʹأ
˵ǱºͻʺǹսĲҩĺ⣬սú
һ߬ӡ
ۺŻʺߵûţʲô˵
֪ˣôأ
սʲôã
ûţôϧ
ﻹС̫أ
սʲô
ܲ˵أ
﹫ϽȰС̫ǧӣ
ҲȰǰС̫Ҫ
ͷϣȻ⻰󣬾Ǳ˵ͷˮ˲侲
ǰﻹС̫
С̫ؼģɲΪǸսδ̡
ӣ˿ֻ³˵ûӣ˵С̫
˶٣ҧҧϲȥⷿȡȡһϻϺõѸսȥ塣
ϲͷӦ£ū
ףȥͶϴβһ
ۺŻʺ˶Ϊ̫ȻҲʾ
Ͼ̫˽빬Уһֱš
ۺŻʺ󶼱̬ȣ̫ҪʲôͣҪ˻
̫Ӻ֮ĲͰڵ
ϴ̫ȥռҡ
ȥǵúúñһۺŻʺ֪̫֪ܸġ
ֻҪֵúܣռҾﲻҲұֳ
ϲö⣬ܿˣȥⷿȡѡ

һߣڽһϰ¡
ĸ˴ϧû֪Ե¡
ڹֲҶʣֻܵȻؼ֮ٺúʾô¡
ռҾʲôԣȻ̫Ȳؽϳ˹
һȥõľƿɾͲˡ
бºͻʺȻսʹ͡
Ҫս
ǲƽ
ͷ㶵ؿԼ˫֡
Դӽ˶ÿ춼Ҫڳ̫㡣
һ˫ֶôֲˡ
ֻ̫Ҫ죬ڿ˼óԵģġ
Ҳһ
ȥ֮ǲմڳǰյҲ׷ˡ
Ŵ˼վͻ˼ңԺС̫ɾûʲôϵˡ
뵽Թ̾˿аҪ̫㡣

Ժ
սġ͡±֭Ѿãһȥռꡣ
û
ҹխZ˲׺󣬲ⶫ·խZӦѰ
֮һ̳ݲˡ
ϸպܳԡ
ֻһϵݲˣڸдˬ߲˱еķζȽˬڡ
Ͱųԣζá
սݲȡ˸֣Ϊһʡ
ϣͳһЩõݲˣζ͸Щȥ
ǰʹ͵ʱսк⡣
õ⣬ϳһЩζһ㣬Լ
Ҫ⣬ȵζȻٹɡ
ȵƤˮֶɺ󣬿ԼɣҲѬѬ⡣
սֶϲʹ㶼һЩ
ŴĶܳԵĲ٣Ѭζܲ
ԼҳԲģȥˡ
ζòãƺܹؼ
սģֻҪ룬ζԶˣζ˵һ
ζ󣬽ƾͲҪˣȫָѾ
֪λæսȥ͡
Ȼһ߽ԺҪѪĳ嶯
սһֱСϺͽζ
Ҫǣͷûᣡ
Ժ÷ɵذ˰󣬼ֱûۿ
ǰһڣæսߣϽطѣ١
λǷ˱ºͻʺʹ͵ģɲܵˣ
սһʱ׼λ
ۺŻʺˣǿ϶ܵ
ǿʷģʵۺͻʺߵĹǾǴм
Сĵǣ˼ڹǰϸҩ͵ôɣ
ûҵҴһ˷䣬˵㣬Ȼѣöร˸򵥵ķ١
ϲ˺üңȷѽζڸסˣŴߡ
ǰԺλڵȡ
˭֪սûȰϲˡ
-

36 ս仯

ϲ˸СţŸϻӣҲͶġ
һۣϵЦݲɼ
ǵݣǵ᲻
չˮûѹ̫żæŵذѳĹ˹ά֮ⲻҪ̫ԡ
ºͻʺϢʱ򣬿ɲôˡ
ֻǹ̫ĺӣŶֻ۱ֻۣû˵ʲôֵĻ
ɳ¼þͲصˡ
Ĺδƽˮ¼Ҳ˵ǸͷɢԣָչŰ衣
ͰˣǰʷµӣչŰ裬Ҳ̫۸ˡ
չһСδޣƽЩûŪڴ˼һСﲻ
¶ѹȥԸᣬ̬Ⱥˡ
ЩʷȻϰݡ
쾹Ȼڳֱӵǵñű»²ſϰݡ
ɽأ
һſڣչͷϵˣѳĹ˽ȥ
ЩһĹҪ׻ˡ
Ǹ˲ѽ
߯˵
ҪǳĹǸӸҵģҪѰ̼ˡ
̫ǹԾһϢչͶ
ϵºͻʺ֪˻ܸˡ
ϾֻҪ⣬չ϶Ҫ޸ġ
̫ܹףã˵ܹ̫Ӹ֮Ĺϵ
Դӱµλͷ̫ӣ̫Ӻ֮Ĺϵͼתֱ¡
Ϊˣºͻʺûٷ
ֻϣչܴȵ㣬̫
ʯ֮䣬Ѿתͷ
ǵݶϲߣԿϲҲֻ΢Цſ
ϲԾһݸϽ̬ʮֹ
λ϶Цеģرơһ׺󣬾ϲˡ
ûãս˳
ûŮ죬͵ŵĶǡ
Ϊɩñӡ
սΪСǵģܳ͡
սһ·ߵ÷ɿ죬ȻŵǰԺ˲١
ߵ⣬ٶȳ׷
ݵ߽Ŀɿλɨ
ǡ
ı˶塣
ܵܣ϶Ǻ
ϧǺźá
սϰŵұۡԺұ۾ͷˡ
ȻûжϿȴʹֻÿӣǷˡ
һֱϰʹѾЩЧ
ֻǸֱǲЩ
ûʹǸȱݡ
ǼٺãҲûսߵҪְ
ǣܹұκá
սĿǵұͣһȻ󲻶ɫ˻
ǰǸ¶үүүүǸҽҽܸСĿȾѧүүеı£
գֵõһЩҽʤǰ
ϧûпǵֱ۾˵ΣҲ֪ܲܰκá
Ȼǻÿӣ˵ò㳹ףҽӦܹκá
ȡ
ǣԭҽ
ҪƣҲڡ
иʱ仺С
ܲһӾѧҽ
սתܿѹ˼λ
˿Щȡ
ʱǶΪսš
˭֪žѾˡ
Ǻɫʵ˺ѻɣսڲС
һۣжЩϲǸϢ
ǻعºͻʺºҲˡ
Ŀ֮ǱºĲ
Դսˮزºһֱ磬Ҳȥˡ
սã֮˵
ѹֱºƫλǸѽ
ȲʵۼŹɫѾˣ
ǸϽǫⶼ˱º鸣죬̫ҽֻشֶŮŽҼһȻЩ̫ҽ˵ˣֻҪ϶ܹ
֪⻰϶ʵ
ûϵǳ۾ܹ
սɫѾˡ
⣬ϵЦҲ˼ϣ˵Ѳк󸣣һиˡ
Ҳ˵֪ίѾֻ˹ﰲ壬ʲôõġ
ϲ˵̫Ҳǹչ壬ۼѹչﲹ塣
ս˲붮̫Ǽʹ棬ʾˡ
ЦЦŮлº񰮣Ҳл̫ĺ⡣λﳼŮ仰Ůһ壬ºĺ񰮡
-

37 ռͻȻ˷Ӧ

λû̫ãս¶뿪ˡ
һߣ˿
ŵݵսЩ
ոڵʱңһֱţµˣռ
룬ֶŮǴݵúܡ
ǰûôġ˴ˮ󣬵ӵǴ˲١
ȻǴѲк󸣰ɡ
οţս˵Ǹģûȥɡ
սƳ֣Բ㣬̾˿
ʵᣬ겻ʮͷ͡
Ͷ˵Ƕʢʱƫƫսұֻۣڼɹ
񡭡
Щӿúռֵܵĸĺá
Ǻз֮ǰնܲ
ܹǶκãռ˵϶Ǻ¡
ռֻŸ˶ţǵ˶㣬ܸ˷ġ
ǽ黳սܿջĿ⣬ûұ̫ͣá
壬ûµĻȻȥˡ
ţȥɣûˡ廹ûţúڼš
սɵӦһҪҪţǿɲ˵ġ
ǣֱӴŶ˾Ժ
ƽ󣬱һҲء
صԺսͰеĺӶ˿һ鿴
͵ҩģа˲Σ֥̫ҽƳҩ衣
²Ѫãʺϴʱ塣
սһҩţܿеĳɷ֡
ϾǸõģҩȻǡ
õҲݵĺҩҩЧ϶ҪȺǿϲ١
˲κ֥ҲǺö
սЦЦ
ܵȼ̫ء
裬˲κͰ֥ټռЩ϶ܹܵȼһڡ
ôţһȥ
˷ۣζЩ
ս˽ȥ
ֿʼ鿴Ķ
Żʺ͵һ֬⣬ǰĵġ
ʷǳϲ㣬ǿţ;ͻ覴á
ս̲ס˭֪һ֣ͷռзӦ
ռͻķӦս˶סˡ
ָоֻҪŽռ䣬ܹÿռ
ǣŻʺ͸ģ
֮ǵСĹŵģҪ˿٣Ǵ󲻾
ҪǰŽռ䣬Ҫô˽
οƽԱأ
ҪͻȻʧˣƽؾ͹ȥ
ƽ˵㣬ɲɵѽ
ôһͻȻûˣƽϹӲſ
սҪǺĽŻ˺
շ£;ãռ·𴫴һַǳź
ս
˿ɿѺӹϣรСս
ȻҪһֱƤӵ£϶̲סջ󣬰սռ
ⱻսջ񣬿ĺӡ
װѣ̫ġ
սһ֪ЩƷϳˣǺö
̫㲻ϲҲðӸˡ
ƲƲ죬⣺⣬㿴ЩƷΣ
û취ԭǲῴģӳ
ղ֮Ķ򽻵һ۾ܿû
սĻ̼еѣȻЦӯӯ˵ЩѶ̫𣿿ɶǺö
ȻھԺûȥȴƽ˵
֪Щ̫͵ġ
սЦһ˵ȻǺöҺӷװãĸλȥ
֮⣬ֻʣĸŮӡ
սѲǺԣռֶܲ
˺öȻЩȥ
ǰ˲κͰ֥趼дãš
Щ⣺ЩȫҪͳȥ𣿡
սͷţȫͳȥǻȳЩ
֪Ƣûٶ죬ܿùӣʼװ
ȫװúս˿ȷûԴźӸ͹ȥ
̫̫ϱߣȸ͡
磬Լսλ
˶֪ս˶ȴ֪˶١
Ͷ˶ܳ
ǲ֪սεõϺȫ͸ǣû˵
Ծϲ󣬶ѣҲ˷Ļ
ʱ򣬴Ķߵʱ򻹶ࡣ
սùǺ
֪ԭܳ裬û뵽Ȼôܳ裡
ô죿
Ϊðƻе鰡
ϧѹʱԭĻûˡ
ߵõǹɴġ
Ҫˣ϶᲻ߡ
Ҳ֪ԭô¡
սüͷܾЩŹ֡
-

38 յ

ԭΪʲôսʱûͷ
ڼҲû飬ֻȰ·¡
Ȼ󣬲鿴
ﶼʵڡ
͵һͷ档
͵һϻӻƽһϻ飬һϻӱ
͵һƤëëģʱʱľͻƤкܶƤӡ
͵һ顣˵սȥ˲飬Ϊתϲ飬
ңСҲʫ顣˵кüӵ飬Բͦġ
սⷭ˷ͷȻлӼǣλøиŨ
ոѹΪҪһԺլء
Ƕ嶼˳˲зϣ֪ʱ򣬻ͦλﲻദ
Ͼռֵܣı˵ȴΪ˳˲зϣֻܸڼҡ
˭ﶼɣ
˭֪λ֮ĹϵȻͦá
ദǳгûаʱ
Ҳˡ
Ҳףռܹ˺г̫̫Ϻλ϶ӹΰ
˭Ҳʥˡ
λ˱ɲзϣλﲻһԹûС
ԹҪ˵Ŀ⡣
ȻԹͳ˻ĺޡ
ϸ۲ˣﲢûкޡƽʱ˵ҲܺӲǹɳӰ
϶Ϻλ忪úá
սǸˣ˶ʮֺã϶Ҫʮֻȥ
λˣȻͶұ뷨κλ塣
ֻϧ²ܼһҽ±ú
̶̵һСսôࡣ
е⣬öรϸ
ȥСѾȫϺ󣬾Ϳʼĥøʲô
սϸ롣
Ůװ͵˳ȥ
˵ռóдĲףǿӦ˹ȥ
Ÿ·խZӦ
ҪǽܳȥŪҲ̫ˡ
ġ
Ҫɴѧҽ¹·
û͸
⣬սȥ鷿ʼң
ո飬ֻⷭ˷ǵͷͦġ
ϸңȻͷйҽҩġ
սϽ˿Ȼʧˡ
Ϊǲͳҽ飬ӼǺʹ˵֮鼮С
ûлģܿͼѰ
ֲҪҽѧҽӶѡ
ܿ죬ͱȫһ顣
Ȼͷ֣ͷҽĻͦࡣ
ȻЩӼǣ˵лӡ
һʼûãȫս;ȵط֣Ȼռһ룡
սɣƽʱڿһ飬Ȼû͹󲿷ֶЩ
Ǳ˸̼ˣҰοѰ漣
ûʲôɳܵģսᡣ
⣬þѡѧҽϽ̡
ҳ鵥һߣսֿʼԼĲҡ
ɵǣȥʮҽҩص顣
ʲôݾŽ淽֮ġ
нҩݵģҲнѨλУĴѨҩġ
ϧͷѧҽϻǿʦͽ֮ڿഫ
ܶط֮ĹؼǸӣӴ
ʦͽܵģܻһ֣ڵġ
ܶ˻Ž̻ͽܣʦһףвŮ
츳ȴδС
͵£ܶŴŴžûˡ
ʵź
ս뵽Щͷֻ룬ܿѹȥ
Ҫ̫࣬ؼģǰҽ¹·Ķ
Щ鲻Ժлᡣ
ҽص鼮ȫ÷ϣսˡݾ͡Ůҽƽ棬ط
ȿǡŮҽǻǰһλŮҽĹ¡
ŮҽȷˣͷĹǶ׫Ӷˡ
սûʲôȤ˼ҳͽζؿ
һ߿һ²ۡ
µͦ棬дַ̫ˡ
һ£ȴˮ˵ддúܰ׿ˮƵġ
ĻҪǷں֪²۳ʲô
ڣΪĿ̫٣ϵĻҲࡣ
ְ׿ˮһĹ£Ȼûͦá
ʱĻƻ˵ϲͦģ
սһĶҪǿ
Уס
ѧҽҪ
սƳƽòˣͰѡŮҽ£𡶱ݾʼ
ֱַ꣬¡
ƽ߹𡶱ݾ
ΪǻһȻǣʱˣô鰡
ս˸ޡ
ܺãˣ
-

39 ѧҽ

սƳƽһۣ㿴Ůҽ𣿡
ƽ˰ԣҲӡ
Ϊܹѧ֣
ΪԭҲϲ򻰱ͱƽ
ԭĻƽͻſ
ʱԭ⿴ƽ
Զڻƽν䡣
Ůҽһǰ±ӣƽſûãӡر̡
սһʣ˷ܵ˵ū澵Ȼģ㲻뿴飬ūģ
սȻû
ζʵãƻŮҽô
ƻǡŮҽŮλǳŮ
游͸׶ǹ̫ҽһλֳ
չֳС游ѧϰҽ
ƻΪŮӣѧϰŮ졣
ȻŮûʲôȤȴСϲҽ
ϧƼҸܶһŴвŮĹ涨ƻûʸ游ѧϰ
иֳ
ֳ֪ϲҽ˽͵͵
ƻвģֳֳģͼСϣȥ游
ƻʮʱѾѧ˺ܶۡ
ֻϧ룬ûֳ游߸βԿۣȴûʲôʵĻᡣ
ֱ޸һӡ
ɷȪС岻ãǸҩӡ
ƻԴӼ޸󣬾ͳŸȪβ
£ȪԽԽá
ƻźĸ壬˵ԽԽá
ϢլǾβ
ƻҽεöˣڸƲϸó
ԽԽ뵽˹ʺβ
Ϊʺһֱӣ˻ʵۺһɴ󳼡
ƻʺʱ򣬵˵ʱóĹͶС
ĵ£ʺɹӣƻڷ⣬̫ҽԺΨһŮҽ
˺ܶŮͽܣҽ
ҲǴƻʼѧϰҽŮӲԽԽࡣ
ϧΪƣΪֹҲûһŮҽܹƻȼ硣
˵ףΪҽ¢ϵ̫
ܶŮֻѧһЩȽϴǳҽĻѧ
Ҳ͵£츳ҲûƻΪĴŮҽ
ƽڡŮҽľǵرΣսʣ̲סпƻŮҽ̫ˣūҪôͺˡ
սƲ졣
ǵãƽ⻰˵ˡ
ÿοĸ˵ֻ
˵ҪڿʼŬѧҽ˵
ƽ۰Ͱ͵ؿ˵ʲôѵҲū츳Ǹ֮𣿡
սش˵ʱܹⱾݾ
ƽϵЦʧЩί˵Ҳ̫ū˰ɣūôûá
սؿôǵãǰҲѧҩɳκ͵ζֲ
ƽ𴩣ߺҲܹū澰ɳκ͵γô񣬳С˭ֵܷó
սЦЦǣ⻰ҪС°Ͷۡ
ƽס죬ҿ±
ս˵⣬ҹҲֱܷóѵҲС
ƽЦôܸһأ·ŮȻСˣٺ١
ս˵˵ƻҽŮ
ƽʱ֪ô˵ˣ˽ȻƻҽŮ˵˻սµģʲôҲ˵
սʱˡ
˵ƽ˵Щѧҽ±Ȼ˻ɡ
ƽſܲˬˡ
սˬصôѵҹұȲƻҽŮ
ƽؿǡƻҽŮҽֲҽ
սȵþ仰
һЦһϣ˭˵ﲻҽģ㿴ʲôţ
˶٣˵ȥ·Ըȥ
ƽǱŵˣܵ÷ɿ죬˭׷һ
սع𴽽ǣĬĬԼݼ˸ޡ
üȥԺҪܻȥĻ˵ȥøСʲôġ
ܿˡ
ƽȴڣǹ㿪ˡ
սƲƲ죬øƽϣֱӶ˵⣬ȥЩҽ롣
⾪ȵؿЩʲô
˵ͻȻսƢϽֲū澲ɹľֻⶫΣգū澵Ĺ˵Լ
սȥôϻ
-

40 ֺܲõԤ

һսŭˣȻٶʣǮعȥսҽ롣
սƽûô˼ˡ
ȥȰƽסһƽո鷿֪֪ʲô̼ˣոͻȻҪȥҽ롣
ƽһűȻȥҽ룿ˣ￴Ҫѧҽˣң
üȻ㣡˵㶼˵ЩʲôôͻȻҽˣ
ƽøƵģոտˡŮҽƻŮҽĸ
֪İƻŮҽѽôѡ϶ǿѡˣҪѧҽƻŮҽȥ
ҲǿŮҽġ
óҩ⿣ƻŮҽҲż
ƽʱǺϲǰѡŮҽȥ˺ܶ顣
ƽĻûٹƽˡ
ѡĻ϶Ҳѡ
˽϶ǾƻŮҽġ
ҹﲻǺǵģҪôѡˣ϶
̾˿˵ˣӦֻһʱȹʱûˡ
ѧҽôѧģ
ѧô꣬Ҳѧ˵Ƥëˡ
ﶼôˣѧҽף
ҩģͲһʱܹǵסġ
Ȼ룬ѵѧѨ
͸ˣϵѨλкüٸҪסס
ôöǲסҪܼסǳˣ
ˣԺǶජŹɣô񣬿ɲù˵Լ
뵽ͬؿƽһۡ
Թӣ϶Ҫֵġ
ĸѾͷƽƤʵ
ʱҪǹĻƽɡ
Ƥ
ⰵţϳȥҽ롣
ǹҪĶøˡ
ȻҪǲˣĿ
׼ţתһ룬ְƽˡ
ҪĶ࣬һ˿϶òˡ
Ȼƽƽȥᶫ

鷿뿪սǰҳҽ鼮ȫһ顣
ûڣҲΣٶȷɿ졣
һĿʮпȥġ
ƽ˶Ѿҳȫ꣬ȫ
̫û취
ƽһӵ
սþȲѡ
ƽ츳ˡ
ϧƽһڼ̫Ƿȱˣûȡ
˸ӣ򿪺ͷһѧϰõľˡ
ľϸע徭Ѩλͼ
սһ뵽һƵĶͭˡ
ɵǣĿռպþһͭˡ
ԿƵľ˺۾һľϸ鿴
Ȼ֮ʧˡ
ľȻ˾ѨλͼȴԶеͭ
ͭˣľѨλͼԲ𿪡
£
ˣͭ˱ͿĨһסȻעīˮ
ˮƽ
ֻҪ׼ȷͭѨλīˮͻѨλ
ͭˣүү͸ġ
СʱѧϰģϤòϤ
ȻǰľˣȻֻǴӵķƷˡ
սЩʧ뵽ͭ˾ڿռ־ãľҲͦá
̫ͭˣŴֻйвС
϶ó
ľˣнڰʩչˡ
սؿһۣ޵ò
⵱ϲȴǫ˵ⶼū澸ģùޡ
ƽƳһۣϽܹҪҽū澰ˣ쿴ϲϲ
šսȻֱҽ϶ģ뵽ƽղſӵ࣬ص˵ͷҲһֻƿѼ
֮ǰʱս˳һЩѼӣ׼ɿѼԡ
ƽʱϲʤãԺʲôֱӸū˵һǣū
սЦЦƳһۣ򿪡
Ǿһģ֮е㳤кܶ롣
սеȫһ飬ر⣬Ҳûбķӣֻܽá
ƽЩϸϸ룬ͻȻúЩ
˿ĪֺܲõԤУǸϽҽ͵Ǹ˿ūȥ򡣡
룬鷿ţҹҺÿˡ
ս˵꣬򷢳ȥ˱ļҾ
ⱾͿˣֻӡ
-

41 Ƥ񣬿϶

խZصսһ춼ڸʲô
֪սһ춼ԹԴڼû͵ȥֺЩš
û͵ȥ
խZĵʹܼҡ
ʲôʱôˣ
ѵΪºͻʺﶼʹͣСѾͷܳˣ
οأխZͿܼһֹı顣
խZ˲ֺܲõԤС
˿˵ɣʲôˣ
ܼԥ˵˺ܶҽ飬˵Ҫѧҽ
խZ
һŻعһ±ƵʣôôͻȻѧҽˣ
խZʵ޷ǸϲˣӵûͻȻѧҽ
̫Ծˣ
ܼҲһһѾı顣
ͬؿխZ˵ǿˡŮҽԼƻŮҽҪѧҽ
խZ²Ǹɵӣ
ͻȻ˿ո˵룿
ܼ֪ڵʲôοĪūãӦøϲˡ
ֲɵˣӵʱҲûԼкѽ
խZ⻰еʱûôˡ
Ǿãȥܷġ
ǹǰԺ
մţͻȻŵһ㡣
խZŲһ٣ǳʵʿˮʹܼңʲôʳˣ
귢ֹܼҲڡ
խZ𣬹ܼҲˣޱҪᵽԺ
ӿ˲ӣܿ쵽˾Ժ
ԺսָѼ
ζѼˮ̹ȵٷɣˢϺüսƵĵζ֭
·ɺٷŽ¯ùľ濾
Ķζ͸㡣
˵
ĺֵֻģںζ
ǿͲһˡ
Զżζ
⿾ѼҲࡣ
˵⿾ѼսϺ͵ζ֭
˲ûãζһƮ
ԽԽ㡣
խZʱ򣬿ѼѾԳ¯ˣζŨʱ
һζЩ߲·
㣡
̫ˣ
ǰխZãʳջô
խZһһ߳˼
ԼÿƵ㣬еֵסʳջȱ㡣
ǣôζ˭ܶס
ӣҲס
˱¿϶Ҳס
Ͻ͵͵˵ռǵ
ҪȻҲڳ˵оʳף
뵽µʻʱѯռǵխZͻȻãֵסʳջҲʲôëˡ
ԽԽ죬ûþ˾Ժ
Ժսָ̯Ƥ
ƽ׹ȣõһ̯Сһͳ˱һƤ
̯˼ţܿˡ
Ӿ̯һŰƤ
һСĹ̯һ
и˿
ﵶͦг˿ϸ־ȣȺɫĺܲ˿ɫĻƹ˿а۵Ĵ˿طĿ
սſѼζʱˣ˴¯ȡֻѼ
΢õƬƬ
¯Ӵ򿪺ͷζһԶشܳʹÿеĿѼζԽŨ
խZʱ򣬸պŵζ
̲ס˿Ȼսǰ۲ؿ˿ϵĿѼȻսǿѼôζô㣿
ս˫ֻ̧֣°ͣǣճ¯ģζܲ𣿡
խZҲԣǻһԹĿѼǾս㡣
õѼ죬Ҳˡ
Ҫݰ̫أ̲סھͳһˡ
խZʿˮԼջȻһؿս˵ѧҽ
ս׼˴죬͵أ
˵ͷŰ˵бСŮҽͷиŮҽƻдر˵û˱ȵ
ҾƫˣѧҽһҪ˶֪ұŮҽƻʱҾרŸдҽ
խZһ㶼ˣôˣСƢ
϶ˣȻô֡
Ժ޵ô죿
ڼʱ򣬾Щȫ˻
Ժˣ˭
սôˣСƢˣѵҲұȲŮҽƻ
խZʱסˡ
Ȼôģ
սãĴ
˵ѧҽҲУҳҩҲ׼Լ롣
ҵȻֲɵսóõĽڣǻƽƤ񣬿϶ۡ
ƽ߳⻰ŵò޳ūۣ
-

42 Ҫ

ƽί־֡
Ĳ뱻
ƤҲ۵İ
ֲҽҪѨô죿
Ҳ̫ԩˣ
뵽ƽ˸£׳ŵ˵ū澰ɣū澲
սûڣխZȲˡ
˵ʲôʲôģխZĿضҪĸ֣˵ˣҹǲ𣿡
ѾûأҲô˵
ҪǴȥˣõǸˣ
Ҳǣ롣ҪǲСѨô죿
һխZɲϣսˡ
սڰ֣ŵ˵ͷİɣôѧҽ׾ٵ£˵ġ
խZ˭ţ
ĵضս˵ֻǧ˵֪𣿡
˵ᱻ
ЩĴĸǴСʦһѧģ
ܶѧ˶ʮ꣬ҽһ㣬òβ۾顣
ʹˣ˵ܹΪ
ö켰ˣȻҴԲѵ˵ҪѧҽҪƻҽŮȥ
ǲ֪ߵغ
¾Բܴȥ
ɲϣԼֱɱ˲෹Ц
뵽խZͷһݣϽɨڳһۣţѧҽ£ȥ˭ҪǸȥ˵ݹֱӲ
ͷȻϽģӷģū澶˵ȥ
խZɽǲţֱŵһŵ˵ס˵Ļ򡭡ȫͷȥ
Ѿߺͳŵô˸£˵ū澲ң
սǱŵòᣬó˦˸ޣŵ˵ŻǸʲôҲҡѼѾƬˣҪҪȳ
խZʶƬõĿѼʮĶ
뵽ǳ־ھͳԣӵݡ
ԼջĿ⣬ս㿾˶ֻѼӣҪжģ͸ĸ
ˣĸʹˣҹﲻʳô磬Ǹȥɣĸ׺ͶҲҪһֻȥ
ս̧̧°ͣ⻹˵ҶˡһʮֻѼӣĸһֻֻ
ȻһֻĸһֻͶһֻһֻѼӱá
ĸﲻ͵ĻǾͶֻѼӣҺĸòô࣬ҪͶÿ˷һֻ
խZǳĶ˵Һÿһֻ͹ˣʣµֻȥ˶ֻ࣬Ѽӿ²
ս˵ͷҲУǾˣ˰ѼװȥѼҪƬźóԣҾͲƬˡ
խZؿο˵ţܺãԽԽˡϧײڣȻ϶ܸˡ
ʱز
խZ룬Ȼȥ˾͸дţ߸ףڲˣоʳˣ
ϧôѼӣȴͷԲ
ҪٻѼͼø׶û˼˰ɡ
խZţܿſѼȥˡ
ս˰ڵĿѼװʳַкõ˿̯ıƤԵ֭
Ѿ߷ֱλ廹ĸȥ
褵һݣխZ˳ˡ
ֵסý
ߺս뵽ĸûͣЩ顣
ĸǸĳû˶ˣʲô͡
ս룬ɴһ˼ĸȥ
ʱѾ֪սѼӵ£ġ
ȥǻ̵ϸߡ
սһʱЩ
˭֪Źȥһ룬̫̫ͼ˵ϵģôˣҹ·ΣհСĲȻô죿
˵ƽһۣõ˵ôѾߵģ֪ȰȰǹ𣿡
ƽί˵
̫̫ףһ죿
սƽʳзϣ
ƽʳзڲϡ
̫̫״۾Ʈ˹ȥȴ˵ĸ˵˿ѼҲ֪ζô
Ȼڲ֣
֪ѼҪȳ
Ҳ˵͹
ʱƽشʳУȡ˼
̫̫һǿѼʱˣôǿѼ
͵ĶǿѼͳ˶̫̫̫˰ɣ
̫̫̲סˡ
붹úܺÿҲ㡣
ʼǶǿѼ
ģ
սϽ˵ұǸĸ˿Ѽɴ˵ĸϲʳô磬ֻ˼ĸ
̫̫ȵ۾Բˣģ
-

43 ֮ҹ

սͷ˼ܹ鲹ʺáĸҪѼӣһȥϣһͿܳԵˡ
̫̫ЩȻ˭Ѽˣ
˵սΪ棬治ǸϽֿһȵҪĻɣôѾоʳĸôܲӣ
սһ۾Ϳ˼̫̫ͦģЦű֤ͻȥѼϣĸѼ
̫̫һصͷţ㣬ˡǽѾԹˣƳԲ¡
ߣԣȫԣ
սûоɫȥͳ׺ˡ
ҹ·ȫûҶ˾Ժ
սصԺʱĿѼڿ¯š
ԵʱζȻճ¯ǻãҲ㲻ˡ
սԼ˰ֻʣµİֻѾǷˡ
ʱ࣬ʹϴ˯
ûӣŴĻ
ռģţ򣬱ͨҪЩ۸ҲҪϲ١
ɾ
ж
˯ʲô

ңĸѾҲô
սϴˣڴϣ۾ʼļƻ
Ȼ˭ĺ顣
¼Ƹϣڴϣȥ˯š
̫ͻ˳ȥˣϧδʲôõĴԡ
һģһֱȵ׻ѯʸ׾ʲô¡
˵ûʲôȴ͸ϧ
ǳˣ
һǴ£
ԸײŲϸ֪ܴ̼
˺ֿܶܣĿܣսˮ¡
ɵʱֻɺԼѾ
Զʱһз̫죬Щ˲ؿսˮ
ֻҪϾû¡
ռ˾ָսˮҲò֤
Ϊǰ㵣
ʲô飿
d˵սҪùˡ
ôµ˷
սأ
ˣ

¸ʿͳ·Ҳ˯š
ױǰһժȡΣһʳʿү͸Ұɣʲôˣ
ͱ̫ͻ˼˵ͷڴõԣ˳ȥˣʲôҲû
ʱֲԣ϶֪ʲôϽ˵˵׳ʲôˣǲռѾͷˣ
ʿɫأڴһ̾ȷʵˣ
һļ˲ͷŽ⵽һ룬ͼҴߵʿǰʣ㵹˵׳ʲôˣ
ţȴر
ʿͷɢվǰͶ´ƬӰŵһĲɤ۶ɳ
Ͻһѣô͹ˣϽȥͷŪã˵ˣ㼱ʲô
ϱ˺üѲ˻ȥͷһ߽һߵϽ˵
ʿֻ˵ʷŮŰ裬Ϊ
˵ͱϴϣûռѾͷʲôϵ
ʿεصһۣ㵹˵갡ʷ󣬱¾խZʷʡ
˭֪խZʮ޳ܣűºٹٵ˵ˮ˵
ˣʣǺ˵˵˵ʲôˣ
ʿʹ˫ץűӣֱֱð˵ĽŮѡΪˮ
Ѫˣûһ£˶վʲôˣֱɱˣôܻϲ
ȻѪˣڶס˺ü죡ûʳ̫ӣ
ʿƤûµʱɫˣֱӾ˵ڼﱸޣҪأ
ҼǺˣӽ쿪ʼһҪڼ֮ǰĶҲ׼ȥ
ѹ̫ἱææذͻ㶵˵ƽ֮ԩûʲôôҪռѾͷ
죡ʿ˵ĻϽŮδޣҼǺˣԺ׼ٺ˵˵
Ѿ˻ǰռңҪȥֻ᳹˱¡
ʱ򣬳¼ҵ³
ʿǰ·ֿ˲пǴƬѪɫ
ŵô˸£Ͻ˵ºͻʺﻹŮʹͣѹʲô˼˵Ӧס
ϱߵغ۾ҧ
̫ƽˣ
սŮºͻʺȻ
Ҫǻĵۻڣݵռţ
-

44 ɢ

ɸͬ˯š
˽ϼüչ̲סͫdͳüչ׳ʲôˣ˵ӹˣѵйأ
һۣԥŲ֪ò˵
һóһѣ㵹˵׳ʲôˣ
ֲֻðխZĽ˵ˡ
һɫȻ÷ǳѿ
ϣƽϲҲǶԶϱϲ
жԲסӵĵطɲԻ̡
ô찡ѾˣϷǳʵػ˳ƺҪۻ˻ɣdǸúӣɲȢŮˣ
ɫ˲ȥ˵ʲô˼ң˻飿˵ˣխZں˵˵Ѿͷʲô㻹֪𣿡
͵ط𣬼˵ٺôֻ˵ĽŮԴף̫Ӳ岻ĶϱҪ
ĵȰǶխZ˵
ϸӼشɳѾˣүdǳӣ
ô㣬˽ʿ˺֣պǰ;ڸ
Ȣ˳ҪΪ˵Цˣ۫dģdȢ
㲻ȢҲȢ˵Ѿ˻Ѿͷڼﱸޣ˵ȢͲȢˣ
dĻѾڱǰ·ҪǫdͻȻȢñ»ôddʲôǰ̿ԣ
⻰׻
κʧȥеصȥӿ
īdҪ˰
Ҫǳսˮô
ȻǨŭˡ
ԶҪһĸ׶Ժӵάж
֪ӻжѹ
Ƴ˽һۣħͰοҲ̫ˣխZֻڳ˵Ҷ֪ں˵˵ỳѾͷġ
һץס˾ݡץ½󣬲ĵʣЩҪǴȥأ
ץòϽ˵ģЩ϶ȥ
žЩ׼˯
һҹجΡ
ڶһ磬dճţͲĵĸӳȥͷûйڳĲôԡ
ӳȥڼｹصȡ
һʱżæŵ˻
ˣ²ˣͷβڴ˵¹ﲻظĿŹģսˮҪǴӣҪʸ֦
ԣʱǰһڣιȥ
ץĸӣʣأ
սս˵˵ǳ̫У̫ӣ̫ʶƣ˳
ǻ˵̫Ӷסô죬ͲɾˣǴˡ
ϷŰ۳˹ȥ

̫ӳͷԣò
¸Ϸװף˭ͷҥ
ĸ̫ԪǵС˵᲻ӣ
۾Ƭ̣ҡҡͷûӡ
Ԫ㲻˵ˡ
խZûӱ̫ӣ̫ӵҥ˿϶Ҳûӡ
ǾֻСͽ
Ȼλɲܹ۵ġ
ȻҲ뵽ˡ
ץӷ֣Ǿû̡
ȥʣ
ø֪ͳ֮׵ġ
ʱ岻ãҪΪ̫ӡ
ҪǸҲЩģ̫֮λΣˣ
뵽סˣϽԪ˵Ź£Ҫȥʣ

̲
̲ؿŽѣЩԣ˴ģ
⣺԰˴ģ͸ˡǸdͿ˽ʿ̽أǰ;̫Ӹδ޲岻
Ϊܰ⵹㣬ھ̽򸸻
ɵ㶵ؿΪΪʲô
һЦ˵ΪʲôԼʲôѵԼڲȥҸϴ״ץ
ŵòһЩµ˵ɣ
˵أ룬ɴľڣ̾˿ߣ߰ɣһ
Ҫǲȥ˵ҪѰֵˡ
ǵģôгôĵܵܣ
Ѹˣܵס̣磬۾Ͳܲȥ𣿡
俴
ֻ˵ǡǾȥռһˣǽƿѼ
-

45 

ѹųȥռѼ
ȥĸͲʱ
ǲѼģֻ档
Ҫȵ磬ŻпѼ
⿾Ѽ϶Ҫ³¯Ĳźóԣʱ򣬵ﶼûʼ
ѻųӸһʱü
ƺõѼӿ֮ǰҪˮ̹ȻҪɣͿĨζ֭
żɣͿĨ
ҪͿĨɺüΣѼƤִУζҲá
û취ֻôһЩ±ߡ
̫Ӹ״۾ίˡ
۰οģȥСӽ
˵꣬ȻŭխZ
խZ⡱һ治ɫؽȥˡ
ؾص񣺡խZμ£
۲ͷ˵ȥͽ˵ҪǣǸϽ

խZ˿˳׼ȥ̲ˡ
λү
˭֪ߵſڣͿ
̴˸ʳС
խZԶԶţʳе졣
ԽԽ졣
ȵԷ߽Ȼʳռ֡
խZ
ʳУ
ʳнѵ롭
խZ治룬ӦûӶɱۣʱ˿
Ȼʣ˻ϲ
Ȼ㶾ɱǾǸͳԵˡ
ҪǳԵ⣬϶ᰮݼڣռҶ༸顣
ε¼Ǩŭռҡ
뵽խZ˼ָм
Ǻ˰ʱˣռһѡ
ѲһĪ̲סС˵磬ֵֹģ˵òðɣ
ùذϵһۣ棺˵
խZãǿռǵʳУлء
΢΢𴽽ǣа⡣
Ȼ޷ʳǶԵġ
Ȼ±ǴܵܳǮģţǾġ
ϧܵѾ޿ɾҩ˶֪
˼ҫԼȢϱ

խZ˸񣺡λү
üһխZôˣ
խZǸģ;뵽ϾҪʰ̲סֻ
ȴһƵ᣺ǰѰλүλү泼ȥɣš
ѶʱЩˣұΪʲô
ͻȻʣ̫ǷҲ
խZһ˵
붮Ȼͽ͹ȥ
һķӦʼ߳ŭҲ϶ȥҸʸ״ģСϲ״
խZ
ţʲôû
һ·ߵ̺ͳժ嵶𱻼ʳУ˽ȥ
խZ꣬ͱ۴˳ȥԾڵ⡣
ڣ̫ӳ񿴵ŵʳУ̲ס˶ӡ
й±ζ
϶±ˣ
Ҳ˳ʳУûʲô
ﻹȱĳԵĻզΣ
ʱѵͻȻʣҺͶȥռģ
ռǽƳƿѼѼģڻûУֻЩ±⡣
ռ±Ĳ̫һйرζ
ϴγԵʱͦϲҺͶ㳢
ߣһҺ֣㣬ô£
ʣˡ
°ӣæŵ˵㲻ȺءСƱˡ
ϱߵĶļֱ˹ģȵůůһ춼ù
ҪҲñ尡
˵󣬸ɴʳиӸˡ
һҿ±ζ˳
׵ģĳѺͳ̣ñȽϽĳ
񳤵ԲΪë
һǲ˶һϲԡ
ҲǴ˵еģܲס죬ȣ
ԽԽԲ
״ġ
̺ͳѽʱ뿴˵ܱܵӡ
Ȼ˿̣һʳд±ζ̲סʿˮ
ԶһʼûŵζǺܿ죬±ζƮ˹
ͻȻе
ٿֶǸûϢģ⡣
ȥһ
֪
ū
ܿȥ̾ƣûһʹ̺õľƹˡ
ǣһ׼ȳ˵
̺õľ¶ãһ
һȥ嶼ů
ϣƳڶܵܣ⡣
Ϊϴ󣬱ص㣡
Բ˵ܵǰ
-

46 ֵ

񰵰⣬Բ˵ܵǰ
ؼһƬ±ͽﻹţȻҪζۣԵȡ
Ȼһ±ζͺһըˡ
ʲôԣ״˵ܵܣ
ȫǵˣ
ɿ˽ȥȻȲȥһӡ
һĪ⣬ٶͬ
Ҳ
ۺ˿ھƣ˵ʲôѵ˶ӣȻûڣͿ⡣
̫ؿڸ֮ǿ˶̲סˣҲ
һһûصˣ
˵ʲôģأǵǳԵ𾢣
˲±⣬ȻĸһԣԵˡ
һСĹװ±ۿɼһ㡣
һͼˣĳԵ̲ͣס˵磬ٳԵִԶ˶岻á
죬ҪȴͻȻ̧ͷŵ˲ͻӲˡ
ۿųԲ壬ͻȻ۾̲סҲ˵ϴȷʵüˡ
񣺡
ÿ࣬Ȼ˵
ʣҲʡ
ǣѹȥ
ϴŬסԶŶһپͷۻιȥ
ŵ̫ޣȥĸ״
ǣĸйȥһ١
Ȼ󸸻֪ˣְһ١
ԣȥܹ
Թؿۡ
۲֪ǲͻȻϴμʵ£ɴ಻˵ˡ
ǳ˵ҪҲУ̫ҽóһ׿еķܲϧ壬ⲻԶ
Ҳˣüɫ˵磬첻˶Եֶ࣬ųô֡
Ҫ˵㲻ÿأһ»ȣٶද˵ͼȥˡ
㿴ⶼˣʱ̫ӣǶඪ
۱ͻȻ־ó˵û
̫ӵͣе۾ˡ
ʱʹ
̫ҽ
һλ̫ҽΪһ·ŵĸҲ۳ˡ
˭֪Ϻò׵ͿΧһȾƳ⡣
һԵ⣬͡
̫ҽ
ĬĬ︹һ󣬲Ź߹ȥ
Ȼ۾͵͵һɨͿ˷ڽռʳС
̫ҽ˲˲²⡣
֮ǰ˵ռƳµζǸʡ
ʱЩҸʱȥ
ϧһֱûҵᡣ
º̫ӣλүԵ±ƺռǵġ
ŵͦ㡣
Ȼֵȥ
̫ҽɧȴһ
񣺡΢μ
۲ͷشͲˣϽ̫ӿҪôȥ
ԣߵú޲Ҹطȥ
Ҳ̫ˣôô˵ء
ඪ˰
̫ҽȴǾòһӡ
ű´̫ӵ¼ʣ
ʶƳ̫һۣʱѹɽ
̫ӳְ̫֣
̫ӹغ𢣬Ҫиôʮģ
ʱһŭ˵ҲҪʮ塣
ÿࡣ
̫ҽֱӹˣ£΢ܣʵڲóһ²ԺסԺʮóһӺˣа취
ѲƶԺףֵܶԲסˣ
ЩȣԺ׻Ӻˣô֪
̫ҽϽ˵²΢˵˵ԺԼ˵ġԺ׼֮Ҿûһֵģ
ǣȥԺ
Ժʱ򣬱ȷ̫ҽš
ɼǵã֮ǰ̫ҽѾȥˣھȻȥ϶ǳˣ
͵͵˲
ܿ죬ˡ
Ժ׽ʱ򣬸̫ҽһŵ±ζ
ʶɨһۣۺλүڳ⣬Ψ̫ӳɬ˲²⡣
γµģ̫ӵ£
̫ӵģҲ˶ˣʲô󲡡
ԣô£
Ժоɲû񣺡΢μ
ɴػղŷ̫ҽ˵óһھͰ̫ӿҪôȥ
Ժף
𾪵ؿ̫ҽԭ㺦ң
̫ҽ治ɫװû
ۺɵؿʵ̫ҽ˵Ӻˣµ棿
Ժ࣬Ϲȥˡ΢Ӻˣֻȶ˾ƣŸͬŴ˸ţ
̫ҽһҲعˣһʹļ׵˵£΢Ժ׵ľƺ֮ԣЩɴ
ۣ޵ĵأ
-

47 п

۵ɫѸȥ˵˵ûа취̫
ŵؿˣȻ֪ϣ󣬿̲סڴ
̫ҽ˵£΢ȷó֮
ԺʹŭصϷ룬㲻
̫ҽĬĬװȡ
ԺʹڵϣҲ˦΢
۴ˣ޲֣
޸ʱ䣬óһ֮ЧҾ԰ȫļ֮󣡡
Ժʹ˵ʲô
΢
̫ҽͬؿ
˭֪ʱ
£¹̫Ӱο΢һ˿вɷ÷̫ҽЭ΢
̫ҽ˲ɵۣ
Ц׼ˣǻȥɣó
ֻÿ
˭Ҳ˵
ֱԽԽԶ
һԣŶԷ
ҧС˺
㲻
¹û˵Լţ˵Ӻˡ
ܳϷˣ
¹ҲȲѰ·˻¹ô죿
ǣǰѾ˻ԷͺúЭϷоʷɣ
ԺʹͻȻץס̫ҽԺķߡ
ϽסӣϰϣԺʹϽ֣¹ٺԻ˶ӣ
ȻԺʹץ󲻷ţЦ˵ǲˣϷôҲ̫ҽԺԺʹѵῴ㵽ûгԻӣ
ֻÿ˵Ժʹ㻹ɿ¹ٰɣ¹ֲܡ˿ô죿
ʲôԺʹһ㶣ȻͻȻӦæذѷָɿˡ
Ȼһ̫ҽԺߡ
˿Ȼ뵽۵־﷢ࡣ
λ̫ӣ
ҪǼʵʱʲô״жʮԴģ
УȻȥˣøԺʹú
¿ɴⲻã
æ׷ȥ
˼ææϻ̫ҽԺȻ͹
˲֪ǵ׷ʲô̲ס档
װ·ȻﴫһŹֵ
飡

Ժʹ¹˵
ѵ
໣
Ժʹ侲㣡
˴󾪣æȥֵ̫ҽ˹
Ȼ顱һյķűײˡ
ס
˲䰲
ֻԺʹŵӣҪ
ϵĹ۶ˣһֻ۾èۡ
ؿԺʹһ뷴ֲҵӡ
ģô顣
ף
ʲô£Ժʹˣ
˿ĹۣܾʲôֵĶ
Ժʹֵ˲䡰⡱һַǳõԤС
ˣ

˺ܿ±ˡ
̫ӳһԣĿɬؿǳԡ
ҲԵġ
û취
̫֣ٳԵ㡣
ԣֻпŸʺ˵ܵܳԵķݡ
ر࣬˵ܴܵһ١
ϧ򲻹
ûбĵˡ
ڣǳˡ
˿ͬʱЩڴ±Ѿ꣬ʽ͸ýѵ˰ɡ
ȻһĨ죬˳Ӻͱ̡
ȻصţӸµؿų̺ͳѣ֪𣿡
ֵǰʵˣ֪
ۣȻ֪ˣ޾ͷǸ̫һȡ̫ʲôʱǵĽʲôʱ
⻰һˣƴѹס˷Ҫ̵ǡ
˵ܵܿǸһⲻġ
ҪĸһȣԺǵĺӾûˣ
̺ͳѹȻܽ
𾪵صԲ۾һߵؿۣʲҪͶɶϰ֮ˣҪǲʳûȣ϶ģ
ʣ֪ˣӶУöȣ򲻿ɰ
ȥռ³ƿѼأ
Ҫǽȣֻܿű˳ԣ
ߣ֪ˣһۣ̣϶˵أ
̻򶨣˵ʣͷף븸ʻһͷ
һǾȽ죬Ժʲôʱóһ֮Чİȫʲôʱ
ݺʰ˶һٵġ
ǳѸղǷȷʵе
ϰ֮Ҫǲ⣬ܵס
Ҫѵ˶ӣֲǡ
ȻЩźתһ룬˵ܵܽʳҲ
ˣո˵ʲôţ
ռƳƿѼ
Ȼȥˣȥ
ղųԵ±ζͺܲĺܲһ
ѼĻӦҲܲɣ
˭֪ͻȻ˵ʣ壬ʱûȱȽ׵
-

48 ˼

һѵĻͼˣʣòá
ۿûҲһ𡣡
ǻ˶ӣҪܷȻһܷ
ǸĸʣԲƫС
񣺡
ˣ
סˣ
ˣ϶ҲǸ
Ƽˣȴȥ̺ͳѡ
±۷С
ڣۺܿ;̫ۣǸ˳
ֵ˳󣬻࿴˿
Ѳмһ綼кˣȻСһϲ״
ҲȲ㣬ɢҥԣԼֳ
ѳЦЦɢҥԣǸĹ㹬סô죬ѵǼٵģ
뵽Ů˾;òʹ죬üͷɩθڲãҪһ㣬ʲôϵ
ȴĵ˵Ĺ˶ɩˮѶɩ
ɩǺãȲذ˽ӽﱣ֪ģΪĹǷ˴ɩ⺦ɩء
¼ˣ˵ɩû˼
Խ˵Խûģ˭֪أţͳĹĹϵǲβ˽ӽﵱãܴΪһμѻ
һ⻰ˣֺ˵Ĺ͸޶ףڡһңҪǻڣһӶˡ
Ц绹˵ϲ⻹û˽ӽأ͵ˡ
ֻǿޣͷϴ˶һñӣðѳĹȢؼҹš
˵Ժ󻹵ð˶ӣǿ
̿Խ˵Խ֣÷ǳɫˣֻ˵˵䡣
˵ֶԳ˵磬Ҳ֪СġֵСƽϡ
ҧ㻹˵Щ˵϶϶ǹµĺõܵܣ
̿汻ˣֻ˵磬ҺܻҪŰʧˡ
ѻëϽҲ˵ԶԶԣǻвҪ죬Ͳ˵ˡˣߣ·ǧˤˡ
˵꣬Ͻų·ˡ
³վԭأؿ뿪ıӰ߬ȭͷ
ˣ
УһҪؼ
Ҫһֱȥ˻һֱЦ
ο̫ӣܲϱ˵ܸܵȥɣ
ȻȥٳԵ㣡
Ҫʡ
ߣһ·߻ض
Ȼ֮һ·̣˫ȾѾµҲ߲·ֻ˼ߡ
һɥػصܿй˶һ⡣
ûȥڲԡ
˵ŵζ
˶ӣͻȻöǽסˣȵȣ¶˻
⣬ֻ飡
Ҫʣ
ٳһ顣

ʱһζ

Ŭʣÿζȡٳһ㣬һ·
ͬʱŲʳûȡ
̺ͳѲüʣȴʳȣҲù
̫ҽԺԺʹͷǳͷһһѵصûó֮ЧİȫʷҪͺͷķա
ŵ˸ϽԼ˸ҩԼͺͷ˹֡
սͲһˡ
һֱڼԼ鷿͵ͻ
˲֪飬ΪѧҽȻ죬Ȼ𾴡
̫̫ϸۻˣйȥһȰο
˼һѧҽԣ۵ż
۾ˡ
Ȱο꣬սӾջ轣ݲȡ
սմ̫̫Ƕֱ˹ȥ
ֱӣøսһ˵ڼﻵ˰ɣҪҪȥ䣿
Ϊ˵Ƕ¿һ֬ӣҪҪȥϲ֬ۻ
Ҫ֬۲ϲ㷻µͷ棬ҪҪȥΪ˵ʽܲҪȥ
ս
ǿһڼ
Ҳȷʵȥ
̵±ɵشӦͳŹ䡣
ڶĵˣȻʡ
⻰˿
ҰŮԸţҪѧҽˣ
˷ܵöŴףˡ
ͷ
겻ڵģûʲôϲ¡
óȻűڣ˻֪ôء
˱ûϵǰ쵰ϲŮǿɲУ
ǿ˷ܣڴĵ

ʹ̫ҽԺ
Ժʹͷۿ̫ڶһۡ
Ժʹ̾˿߰ɣȥˡ
ŲѣԺʹûɣ
-

49 ò

Ժʹص˵Ӧû⣬Ѿȫķˡ
ҲǣȴֵĵЧһ㰡
ô죿̫ӵµİΣҪ
ܸ̫ӵҩ
Ȼܣ
̫ӵиʧһʮľ͵ǣ
ҲԲ˵
սսȥۡ
ۿһ۾ͿóķʮְȫЧ
룬˵ͰԺڶչ̫ӵ塣
òסˣǿĿɬӦ¡
˳ȥԺʹοļ磬Щֻ˵̫ҽԺ̫ӵµ壬ɾͿˡ
ߵصֻܼЦ¹ٶϹᣬѣ
һ£
һºҪЧãͰ϶ˮ
Ժʹ֪ʲôֿĵ̫ҽɵþİЧãñΪǹְǺ
˵ʱѹرͣ±ˡ
ŵһ飬˼ˡ
ǰҪЧã»᲻Ϊǹְ
ˣҪ꣡
뵽ʱû˼ԺʹˣץסԺʹӣԺʹݷ¹һⶨģЧãԺʹҲѣ
۱ڶвУ
Ͻ취ѽ
Ժʹسӣ֪صģԺܿߵ²˵ϷҲףȥź̫ӵ£ЧΡպЧã뷨ӡ
룬ֻ˵ͷ
뿪ûãͳˡ
ֵشռǸճ¯ƿѼТۣ˳
Ȼߵǣû˿ѼȻֵܸ˳ȥ
˵ֵܽýʳȣ
ֵ߳ȥʱ򣬳̻򶨣ѾͲˡ
̵ϸߣ˹͸ųȥƽ
ûþͺˡ
ץžƺ̴¿ˮ
磬˵ôأһȥѼãȻѿѼȫûˣ׼ǽƽ⣡
˵ƺһˤӱߵ˵˵õģʲôʱԺʹóʲôʱͽǵĽ
ԺʹķóˣȻ̫ˣ۸˵ģ
ǰ죡
òײŰڣ
ΪԽ󿪳ԽˣʾȻ׼ǳԣ
ȥռ³¯ĿѼأ
ʮֻ
ÿֻģ
ʾȻһָֻ
۸ӵģ
ؿ˵䡣һ϶ѣʲôܵȵģǰ춼ˣһ㷴Ȳˣ
Ƶظӣ㻹˵ң㲻Ҳ𣿸ոջҶֻѼӡ
ڵãȫ˸ˡ
ǵģһˣԵôࣿѼҪճ¯ĲźóԣŵͲóˣǵǵȵ찡
Ͳܴȵֻ
̿Ҫ˵ɴһưˡ
ȻԳѵ̴˵үƽͻؽ󡣡
ְ
Ȼ̻ǲģְһ͡
ȵѱˣתתľƱͻȻЦһ޷棬ռǵĿѼ㲻㣿
޷ʵصͷ㣡
ʣ𣿡
޷۾һ¿Գ𣿡
΢΢һЦӵ˵ȵ죬ͿԳˡ
޷棺
ϵЦ˲ʧ
̲ˬƳһۣõһ
ûԹأ㻹ԣΣ
˵䴫Ǹһ㶼ԩ
ԼδޣòͱһȺŴ
˽ʳȵĽͱҲųء
Ǹ
ӵģ
߯ˡ
Ҳ챻Ƽ˽ҸͶ
޷͵͵︹һͨһſţǸ硣
ϧһ۾Ϳ˼
һЦ޷˵ȥռǣȻ͵͵ڰб֮ǰ׼
޷𾪵ؿү˰ɣ
ʲôϽȥ׼͵ԣȻǸٲߣһ㶼׼ʳûȣ
δ䣬޷һʧˡ
̲мƲƲ죬˿ھƣ˵֮ǰ±⣬ƿѼǱλδоġһǴ
˶٣ͻȻʵˣʲô
һѸ˵չ˵Ҫѧҽ˲ҽ飬룬һ춼鷿жҽ顣
ѧҽȻʲô
-

50 ūż

޵ؿ˳һۣȻ˵չ￴ˡŮҽΪƻŮҽҪѧҽƻŮҽȥ
̾㵵գգۣԼˣģԼģ
ˬƳһۣǿǧȷ²аԣ
̣
δǸɵӣ
ĬỊ̆ȴŬս𣺡ô˵ͦţ


Բ
Ȼ°ͣͻȻ˵ǵã̫ҽԺƺղƻŮҽָ壿
һ⻰һ龪ֵؿʲôϽֹͣ뷨
Ƴһۣ˵ʲô취ȥ̫ҽԺĲȫдһݣ͵
˶ָزκ֪

ү˰ɣ
ȻȻǲˡ
ҲȺƱһţߡ
ţܽ
Իȥ˯ɡ
˯ѺͿԳˡ
ճǳػȥ˯
ͬһʱ䣬
սɵؿ˿Χ֪ΪʲôղͻȻñе䡣
ѵ˶ˣ
˭أ

ǺԭĻ֣
սġ
ϸ۲£Χûпɵ˺ְ·¡
ֻǰ⣬æ󣬾ͺúòԭˮ£
һҹΡ
ڶ죬ս˸硣
سһֳ࣬սط֣ܺһ㡣
ȻûﵽһڣǱոմԽûѾ̫࣡
Ϊ£սǳá
װվӣָԼ˸ױȻ׼
˻ƽ
û취ĸѾƽꡣ
úŪ
սѾش⣬ȥ󣬾취˦ƽȻҸû˵ĵطŪ
խZǴӦ˰ʱû
Զ׼խZȻҲġ
ս̫ãĥŷѾ·óˡ
뵽ˮ㣬Ӽ棬鼦
ս̲סʿˮ
ԳŵʱһֱܿƵ̡
ƽ̲סܸ𣿡
ѵΪڿԳȥˣ
ţ϶
սЦЦĪ˵ҹָһ㣬֡
˵ͣ˹ӡ
ƽʣ㷢ʲôˣ
һ˼£ҹʲôʱҹָһˣ
սЦе˵ӷ֣Ǹӡ
˵
ƽȴ˺ģץӸεģæȥеʣʲôӰ
ս۾һУͻȻͱΣСӣóƺʲôţ
ƽͷһݣϽĿڣСļӣ
ߣ챾ãͲƽˡ´ٷ
սóӣ룬˻ȥó򿪣¶ͷ룬ȱˡ
ƽһЩ룬ŵˡ
ս̲סм־֢
͸һ˺´һ
⵱ƽ棬˹ƽ˸Ǻһûҳ
սһʼ˼һֱսսģеСΡ
ƽòǱŻ˰ɣ
ƽһţŵ˵쿴Ķˣ
ƽ˲񣺡ŶŶ
˵Ͻſƿһۣ˸ַӣǵҶͬˣū̻֬û
ս⡰šһ
֪ҶͬʲôطŶ
չȥһۣѵطˡ
ʻֹ˺һ㵽˳Ƕū̡֬
֬¿ģͦ󣬹ƱĶͦǮ
ս߽ȥ
ŴûŴ֬أÿԿ
̺֬ͽ¥ܵøһӣ䡣
Ȼս֪ǣƽ߽ū̵֬ʱ򣬲Զ̺ͳѸպ·
ۼؿ̵ӣ쿴ϴǸˣֵܣ
Կȥʱ򣬸պÿս̡߽֬
ǱӰģѹǸŮӡ
һԣͲ󰡣Ȼȥ̣֬ѵõĹ
ûصһۣӶЩʲô߰ĶͲǸĸ𣿡
һ£˵еѼӲһأ
̱ǲǣʲôϵ
-

51 

̱ܵܳѣ뿪
Ȼһͣ
խZڳ˵һֱоʳռǵ±ƿѼоġ
ʼռӡ
Ѳɣ˸սϵǳ
սоʳȽ̸ȥԴڣ
ͻȻͶλӳ˺ġ
ɴ಻ˡ
һʼûз߳ȥ˲ŷֳ̾Ȼûи
ϽתȻͷ֣̾ȻһֱūĴڿ
һ˲䣬Ƿ´½ĿƵضų̣磬ڿʲô
̸Ƴһۣ˵
²ʣѵҲ˼
̻һ䣬ʼղϿڡ
Ѿ˵Ҫҽȥʲô
˵ȥ˭֪߳һͷ类סˡ
ѻعͷͿĿؿ׼ȥʵţ
Ѳ⣺磬Ϊʲô
ʵžͺãʣ
Ķ֪Ϊʲô
ǲȥ
ͬʱ֬
սѾ鿴˵ĺЩ֬ˮۡ
˼Ϻõ֬ˮۣûȥ͸Ů졣
룬һЩƽ۵Ʒʲ֬ˮۣ׼һȥ͸Ѿߡ
ﻹ趹ӵģսҲһЩ
ӵ಻ܹ࣬ôֹ̫ˡ
֬ˮۣҲࡣ
һͨս̲ס
ֹƷƷױƷˮ
ЩҪŪɶǮţ
ؼǣĲÿ͵͵Ĩͻױˣ
ʱѾˢȻƸմԽǻ͵ðհˢŪ
ս̡߳֬
ƽźӸ
ǳʱ򣬳̱ܵųѶ
ս飬ûзǾͶڸ
˳ǰ㷻
㷻Ǹ¥ͷҪεġ
Ϊ࣬պãֱȽʵڣٻԿڱⶼܲ
ߺ󣬳̺ͳѲŴӶصĵط߳
һ±Ƶؿų̣磬ǸղΪʲôҪ
ΪʲôҪ
Ƶġ
̣֪ղΪʲôͻȻҪ㣡
ص˳һۣ죬ķϻôô࣡ʲôǣôȻбĵ
ѱߵص㻹ǲҸˣ
̲͵͵ǰ
ս׬Ǯơ
ʵΪǮЩŪ
Ȼܲһֱױɣ
ǿ϶С
̲סĥҪôܺذЩŪأ
ֱ˽㷻սûʵİ취
Ͼܲÿζ㱾ֳ˵Ĺżԭ黹ˡ
һλУöˣխZǵûɡ
ԣȫķӡ
ͣºƽСӣ㷻ˡ
սŻ񣬴ҡڵؽ˽㷻
ȥһ㷻ȷʵͦࡣ
ܶεĹնǳտֻںĲż
սȥûãͿƲ۾ˡ
Ůûǲϲεġ
仹տƯΡ
ΨһźǣŴıʯΪȱи͹գ϶ֱӴĥɹ棬羫иôҫ;¡
սǺϲ
һ۾Ϳ˺üͷ棬к챦ʯģʯģģʯģɺģġ
ǳ£ս֡
Ȼһʼ۸ˡ
Щǳͷ棬ոӣѡõ鱦ѵõļƷ
һͷ棬͵úüӡ
սеǼ׼ǧӡ
СȫҲûôǮ
ʱΪ˺֣ٹᱦ
ɱⶫֵٹҲܵá
ÿ
սЩƯͷ棬ҧҧû
ûޣһ׵ͷ档
ЩͷÿǺÿҪͷϵĻҲ̫ˡ
սƿĿ⣬Щӣָ֮Ρ
ѡһЩʽ򵥵ĽΣٹᱦȫ˳ȥ
ŲҪֵأ
ΣսؿЩӲӵͷ棬Ŵƽ뿪㷻
»صϵʱսĿڣЩ
ΪԼǸСأԭǸ⵰
У
ӱ뿪
Ҫʵɣ
ʻһ룬սͻȻŵ£
Ͻһͣ
ȻѸٶƽ˵ȻȥȥС
-

52 ݰ

ս˵Ҫ³ƽŵøϽסӣһȥ̫ΣˣСĸһɡ
⾩жȨƼȴƽ
սȻȥƽҷģ
ҹٸͷū澵Ҳܲң
ӣжЩֵǮĶ϶ϣҪʲôڶɡ
սȻϣ
ǴˣеԱÿ춼вپǸ˽ȥ̯
ʱûóϡ
еӺ̯ͱǼڲˣһһ׼
УԱ
ס
˵Ӱȫ
սƻˣƽļƻ
ٷϻȻȥȻȥӽôණ
ȰѶͻȥҪǳ⣬Ψʣ
ƽĵؿǹô죿
ս룬öõ˸Ͳԡ
ֻõöˣܲԼȥ
ǵС
˵ѶͻȥȥѰҡ
ƽֲֻͬˡ
ս³ʱһضǧСġ
սػӻ֣첽жȥ
ƽսҴȥıӰ̲סЩգӵĲ
򣺡
ӶˣѾ˼
ǲ
ǣǸҰ
й·ģ
Ҫˣﻹܵ
ġ
Ȼ֪ǣ治Զ̺ͽսıӰš
°ͣ۾ۣ磬㿴ýӦǸӡ
̱䣺ռңϰ䲢֡
ֽýžȻû취ı£ڼк֣Щ֡
ѵ˵ѹֶ
ǣŲ˵ռֵܵĸܲ
ѵ
ۿսȥıӰԽԽԶظȥ
Ѹæ
ֻЩ⣺磬Ǹһֱѵʲô⣿
俴һۣǲ͸Ͻžͱϻ
ЩĪ⣡
ô֪ΪʲôҪСӣ
ȥͶˣ
ǣ˴̴ӣ͵͵ظս󣬾ôһֱС
սǵһôڹŴĽֵϣʲôú档
һߣһ߲ɫش˳˸г顣
ԶսӲûԼ˸ˡ
бȶл֣Ϊ̫ˡ
ȨƼһ˸ûȥֻ̯߰ǹ֡
ߵƽȥ߹סĵطߵȨȴС
һܲ
еĹҲûôϿԸ֡
˲١
սи⡣
ôˣ϶ѣ
ţȥ
Ȼ͵͵ȥ
ս²Ħȭƣ͵
ߣͻȻһꡣ
磬ǳֻ̯˳дŵġ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôȻûʲô⡣
սôݰף㣬˹ȥ
ϵֻ˿
ǣ꿴ͲҲʮӣֻȻͦ
ó˺ܾõģ׷ǳ
ֻҲǹεġ
ȴذ
ս̲ס࿴һֻۣɫԲ԰ףɫΪįв˼ֲ²⡣
ֻȻϣվһˣȻк˶ᡣ
սҡͷ뵽СС;ͳͦ׵ģͳЦЦʵЩֻô
꿴ϻĺë磬ͻȻһһ֡һġ
սţЦŰοʲôֲ㣿֣ȷһģ
꿴õЦݣ԰׵ɫͻȻЩ죺ҪҪӡӹ󡭡ˡʮġҲҲС
ںĳۿһĻ֪ΪʲôͻȻЩ
޷֣
޷СشչȥЩʣүʲôԸ
СڹȥȻ󡭡𣿡
޷ţ齥ˡ
𾪵ؿų̣·ǵһʶү᲻Щף
˲ؿ絶һϣﲻף
޷˲ˣ¾ûκβף
̣㻹ȥ
޷Ͻˡ

սֻС꣬˭֪һӰͻȻԳ˹ȥ
ײһ£
Ȼ֣ĺɰקˣ
⻹ˣ
-

53 

սŤͷһһڷӴܣϽ׷ȥ
ĺɰȻֻװһͭСı
Ҳܰװȥ
սС󣬿ɴԿġ
սǰĺˡ
ֻθߴԶԶȥӰͦɡ
ʾȻܲ
ĴöɸɵʲôãȻС͵
ûϢ
ҵ˱һٳ
սԽԽ졣
ǰ޷͵͵ͷһۣۿսȻԽԽʱѹɽ
û뵽ռӣٶȾȻô죡
ԭŹٶȵ׷أڿȫٷɱˡ
Ҫղٶȣ͸ñˣ
طɲʺ϶֣Ҹû˵ĵط
үǵģʲôãȻȥ͵ռӵĺɰȻû˵ĵطһܣ֣
ûǣүҪ͵ɰ
ûеأ
޷ԽԽίٶȴ˿ˡ
սһתܣ׷ȥ
ģΧԽԽ١
޷սһû˵ӣͣ
սͣ£Χ˲侯
ǰһĻ̫ˡ
ûмܣؿ޷棬֣ɰ
޷һȵؿǲ⡣
ǰֻҪģܹµɣ
СӾȻһ㶼£Ҫɰ
ӵǲС
òǸӰɣ
޷治ȷţóɰսǰ˻ΣȻ˵ӮңͰѺɰ㡣
ս۾˲Σ
޷̧°ͣȻͷ֣սͻȻʧԭء
ţͻȻǰץ
޷д󾪣
Ϊݣ˿ڽ˿
˷ǳϵĺڽģҪץĺڽݿɾͱ¶ˣ
ң˵̫ˣ
ʲôŹֹ
޷һ룬һִս
Ƿֲ֣֮ҪȻܸӡ
ϰ֮ˣͦ
㲻ӣһҲܴ˵Ĺͷ
սһֵϣʱһʹ
ͬʱԶݶϣ̺ͳ͵
Ѳ˵磬ô޷ȥ֣޷ʵͷǿģ褶δĶ֡
ôСܴùҪ޷ûأˣռҿɲưոݡ
һ˵޷ϲ
ǿСӲ˳ۣСС;зǻˣ
ѻǵģ޷Ҫǰأ
üֿԣ˵޷зִ磬ˣȥ
ɵ㶵ؿֱؿսͻȻòԾ磬㡭òǿС˰ɣǸˣ
̵߳ŭôȫЩ߰Ķ㶼֪Ǹˣôܻῴ
ܵԽԽˣ

սûڳҪ͵˲ϵٶͻȻ죡
̶һСĹѾʮغϡ
޷𾪵ط֣ٶ̫ˣ
϶Էֵٶȣ
ͻȻұ۴ʹұ۶ľ
޷д󺧣˲Բ۾𾪵صս
սȴûָһ룬ʹ޷ֻ͵һ̲סƺһ
սȴ磬һ޷ϡ
ʱ䣬޷ֻһ飬Ե
񾪿ֵؿսٲҴ⣬Ѹٳذֱۺʹϻ
ѪӿľұۺȺָܿ糣
սȵؿһĻͻȻޱʶ˹Ŵ
Ǹʱˣɲ޷ôһ͸Լһ
ôӣȻ۾գһ¡
սȻؿ޷档
µʱܿ˴϶ܹרҵѵ
׻˭أ
ѵǺԭĻ֣
ǲԾ
ǺԭĻ֣϶һ־ɱС
˵ոȴֻǳֿȭд裬Ҫɱӡ
ѵǱģ
ǣӦûʲô˰ɣ
޷ͬڿսȾѪذף뵽ղŵָоǾ¡
˵룬ֻһ¾ֱۺȶľˣʵ̫졣
ѹү˾⡣
ү
޷ʶսذף׼ԡ
˭֪սͻȻڣȰñ𶯣ѾҵʮԽ죬Խ硣
޷棺
͵ĳѺͳ̣
-

54 ﲻԾ

С
ս׷޷뿪ֻһֱؿ뿪ķ
üͷǳ
ͻȻһˡ
ֻɫҷ崺Ǵݰ׵ģıȴη
Ȼֻ꿴˫ȴͻȻһ
ֻǿԷźֺµ
ԥŲǰ
ֱԽԽۿžҪһ·뿪ڹƹֻ̯ӿ첽ȥ
ֻǻûѾ׺ݵذγ䵶סȥ·ʵʲôˣʲô
ŵɫһףȻ뵽սЦݣǹ褵ıӰ˵λүҸղſһøĹӡ
褱ûĶ⻰ʱɫ䣬ת
ߵǰӵؿһۣŶ۾ʵո˵һøҺĹӣģ
ŵɫףǹ˵ǧǧȷֻͻȻиײһ£׷ȥҡΣա
ɫһս崺ĵϴʲô·
ŵ˵һɫĺë磬桭Ǻɫҷ
˶٣С˵λĳú͹үǳƣ񡭡񡭡ûƭˣ
һ˵ɫĺë磬Ѿµ˿϶ս
Ѹʵɿĸȥˣ
Ͻָս뿪ķ˵׷ź˳Ǹȥˡ
֪ˣҵٲĺô
˵뿪
վС
죬˵ҲΪ˺ôȻһֶû˵ѾܵԶˡ
ֻεر죬ػصֻ̯ӣսû¡
ȴҧ
벻սôֵط
֣ҲڶвŶԣôˣ
ƽǸʲôԵģ
ҵѾͷǵúݺݽѵһٲɣ
Ժ󻹸ҲҺ֣
ȴսİΣ
֪ԼõģȻѧЩȭŹ򣬻ˣӡ
Ըͨ˻УҪǸӣͬþΣˣ
ԣ뾡ҵս
ûãǰͳ˲·
֪һ
ԥһ˲ɴҷֿңһҪ˸ҵܣԲ£ҵˣҾʹȥռ꣬Ҿسԣ
˺ô˶ʱǡ
׷һߣ㾡ҳ

û˵սۿŻѪ޷棬ֽԵζ𣿡
޷ɫһ࣬ʶղֽԵζ˭֪ǰ׹һ
һһӳϳ˹
޷ɫ䣬Ų˿ȴֹС
˵ռҹһѩɫıӣӲ֣ϲñӳˡ
˭֪ȻҲϲˣӣ
ѩɫıӣ
ѵǸպһԣ
޷ʲôȴֿץס
Ѹתͷٶȴ
սӱӵٶȸ죡
޷һͱӳϣʹг
ô£
츳
Ҳ̫ˣ
үأ
ô
ڿϷɣ
޷뵽ԼүƢԣͻȻֺܲõԤС
ˣ
ôˣ
үǸ
ôܻ
УԾȡ
޷뵽вס֣ҪȥҲˣ
սȴЦѾʮڶอѾȣԱӲ
޷һʮ־;ûڡ
ܵؽӲһ롣
Ӳ˲䣬սһӴϡ

žһ޷ؿھͶһ޺ۡ
ߵǣϵ·ͻȻ˺ѿһĿӣ
˲˽ȥ
޷ؿһͻȻֺܲõԤС
ҪٶతӣҪ
ʲôë
òõı̬ɡ
޷澯ؿս̬åƵġ
ս
һϣ
ս˦ӣŵ޷治ͣ
ֵȣûȵ̸źţʱЩˡ
үڸʲô
ٲҪ˰
ʱݶϣŲͣӱӵս
ҲǱӣੲݣ磬ûоǱӳú죿ر֮ǰղصһ
Ҽǵãȫ²ֻһ𣿵Ƕһ۾Ϳˣ͸
õ֮󣬾Ȳûȥ͸ǱŮˡ
ôúﲻԾء
-

55 Ȼ

̵ɫѿˡ
˵øҲ̫ˡ
˵ֵܣɵǸ˷ģôô
ԭ

úݺսȭͷ뵽ղսȻǸֻЦôã;ͷ͵ġ
ĵǣȻһֱûзսٰģ޷ȥ͵ĺɰ
޷쵰ȥ͵ɰѣײ˸ʲô
ԽԽսץһ٣޷ץˡ
˭֪һѾã߹ˣ
һϽһۣȻ߸ϡ
һϽųһݶ
޷ҵȣûȵ̸źţ̲ס̵ķһۡ
պÿųȥ
һûֱսһӡ
žһ·ٴ˺ѡ
޷ŵõͷһֻؿڴ˸档
µǣľʹ֮˿ھȻ
𾪵ؿսߵؿߣȻ¶
սŵЦ͸˵ˣѾҵʮԼš
޷Դ󾪣㻹¶ˣ
ҪҪôݣ
һֱûº֣
ս̧°ͣ᣺͵ҵĺɰѵɱң
ȻˣΪʲôҪ飿Ѿ裬ֻҪһյʱ䣬ͻᶾ
úϧʣµʱɣϾʱѾˡ㣬̻ȥڹײ
޷ĸһͻȻɫذ׳ս˹һץס㣬㽻ҩ
ճȥս־һ˹
ͬʱһ͸һѸٻ˿
޷ŵ̫࣬ŮɢƵģû취ȫ㿪
һͻȻһ顣
ƫƫʱһɾ޴ͻȻϥϡ
޷ʹùͷˣǳعȥ
ܷȴͻȻսˡ
޷д󺧣ûȢƯϱСأɲܾôˣ
ȻûƴԺͻȻһʹ˲˹ȥ
ʧȥʶһ˲䣬ֻʣһͷӣ
ս˹ȥջرӣˤڵϣȻϷ
ܿ죬ҵ˺ɰ
˳㻹ҵ޷͵͵˽Ǯ
սЩȵؿ޷һۡ
СӳУϾȻ˲˽Ǯ
ӺͭǮˣࡣ
ϾȻٹᱦ
սƲƲ죬ûˡ
Ȼ룬޷·˺˿鲼ʼд֡
дֱ޷ĺɰ
޷ϵĺڲ׼
Ҫ˳ʲôģ
˭֪ʱͻȻŲ
սһæתóӣѸٹ۲ΧѰҿԶܵĵط
ãǰ治ԶиǽǣͷиСӿԶܡ
սϽ߹ȥ㿴˭
˭֪նãһֵ޷浹µλô
սвãŤͷһﻹ޷棿
ôһˣȻôˣ
뵽ղսﻹв׵ģ
޷滹ͬڸ
ڸոգ˰޷ˣ
սƵҧûüո˵ĳأ
ڸô죿
ȥ׷ǣǼ
սԥŲԽԽ
˻٣
˲ŵ㡣
Է߹ˣ
Ѹٿ˿Ѹĥһ
Է̫ҪڷǽܻܿᱻԷ֡
ȫǳڶԷûз͵͵ռ
ǣոյĺ˱ͬߡ
ڲȷ˻ûͬڸ
һͻȻԭʧ
սҧҧǾȫ
Ͳţ˸ڹ컯ɱ
뵽սǽغá
ȻͿ
һˣѸٴӿ߹
սȵԭأô
ˣ
˾ȻǶ磬ο϶ˣ
ľʱѾ˵ϵѪ
ЩѪֻӡˡһ˶ɵˡ
ֱ㶵ؿŵϵѪ
Ѫĺۼʣǲǰŵġ
Ҳ˵ڲǰˡ
˭

ͻȻʹ
˭֪ʱͻȻʣʲô˶
˲ɫ
سȥհγͻȻ±Ƶطֶ˾Ȼս
һ㶣Űѵսʣ󲽳˹ȥô
˵ͻȻղŵѪæʵˣ
ս죬Խ飺û
-

56 Ѫ

褿첽սǰ彫סʣ˵ˣ
ս磺ûˡ
褷ɿɨһۣսϵ·úõģĺۼ
ɵشսϵ·ûƣҲûʹ֮ɫȷʵ˵ӡ
ҪûˣղŵѪô£
ʵҿѪѵѪ
սͦŵģô˵ʱЩȻҵģôܻôûã
ЩѪǱ˵ġղи׳ҵĺɰ׷һ٣вóذ׾ͻԼ˺öѪ
褣
պöǽĳ̣
褺ðβսĻǸǸӡ
ˣôУ׷ܣأһأһԷ˶أ
ҿ˷Լϸһ裬õҪɱأһô죿
ҡսתɿ褻ԭ˵ҽ֣뿴ʱݵӣ͹ˡ
һΪ˿Ҳģ
ͻȻеܳô¡
սϵͷȻΪ˿ģȻиʲôûʲôùġ
˶٣ֳ褿󴵲ʺƨղŵ磡ҪҲܵͺˣ·䵶˧
褱˶ƮˣȻ棬˲ûصսһֺۣ˵˵
һңʲô
ˣԺҪ޸ģ
ѵ磿
ɵѾͷ
սίؿ
褶ʱˣϽοոŻ˰ɣȥ
˵仰ʱἫˣøЩһ𾪵ؿ
˹Ƶġ
սһ͵Ȼóء
ողŴ˻ĸ͵
ʵظ褻ȥ
߱磬ô֪ߣ
Ǹֻ꣬ϣս棬˵ⳤ࣬˭֪йϵ˿ܣ͸˵ˡ
ս뵽ԼױӣȻ
ԭãñЩơ
ֻ꣬ᣬԵŮ࣬ĳҲҪԭӢöࡣ
ΪԼ꣬ԼӢЩ͸褸ˡ
иȽ֡
ԭĳ࣬Ȼǰͦġ
͸˫̥Ƶġ
ǵҲһ
ѵԵ֣
ᴩԽҲΪ
ս̫ȷš
Ϊ񣬶û褹һ·ûдо
սôͻûֻꡣ
Ҳûȥƽ
褻Ҫ԰ͻغʹ뿪ˡ
絣ģûиȥУ˺ˣԷһܡ
սʹӹһ١
һ·صԺ˫ڹϣ뵽ڿռ̲ס̾
͵͵ȥɣ褡
ֻʱ˼´һᡣ
ȥУǺòײźŪȥ
Ҫ͵ȥҪٺŪȥɾͲˡ
褾ٳãҲúݺʰɡ
սٴ̾˿
ֱӺû˽Ǯž˵㡣
ΪԼܵɴó˵˽Ǯһ顣
ӱȽɢ飬иʮǮ
ȻһٶʮöͭǮԼٹᱦ
˵ֵʵʹҪͷõ͡
ôıѾСĿˡ
ȥ

޷Ѿ˹
ҽҾưϴ˿ڡ
޷ʹûļⶼˣȻ˿ڴʹΣʹǣϵ˽Ǯ͵ˣ
ǿű
һͭ嶼ûˣ
˰
͵ĺɰ
ûˣ¶˵Ȼ͵˽Ǯ
뵽ϵĶ޷ŵô˸£ϽͳһƲ˫Ѫ֡
ģֻѪдȥģ
дûô˷Ѫ
޷һ߸̣һŲš
ֻдǡ
ⶾҩ÷ʮǮ仨ʮǮݫ֦ʮǮͷʮǮʮǮ˿ˮʮǮʺʮǮʮǮ
ϺƳҩ裬ÿһӳٶ
޷üͷ壬ܾҩ̫Ծ
ȵҽ˿ڣ̰ҩ˹ȥҽҿҩôĺܶҩҶû
ҽӹҩһüȻ󽥽ɫ
Ƭ̧̺ۣһָ޷档
޷棺
-

57 ̫

޷һ±ƵؿҽЩʣʲô񣿡
ѵҩԣûˣ
ҪûȢϱأ
ҽε̾˿ŷ޷ܵĸ飬ƲҩĳҲ޻ɡ
˵ߣȴ޷ס.
޷Ҳţ϶Ƿʲôң
֮ˣ־úܣɲҽһܷġ
ҽʹˣϽ˵޻֣
Ȼ޷ϣ
ץҽֲɿȸңҩô£
ҽû취ֻø޻ҩĺͷֿ
޷ɻüֿ
ֿô
Ʋ²鿴ҽ˵İ취ҩĺͷֿ
Ȼǿʲô
صҽôǿ
ҽһӸӣ͸ͬ顣
޷汻̼ˣòҽ󶼸ˣʲô񣿡
Ȼͬ
Ϊʲô
ѵ˵޿ɾҩˣ
뵽ܣ޷Ĳ³
ôأȻҪˣ
ʱҽʹ˵޻Ȱɿ𣿡
޷治صһۣҽÿָֻβֻɿ֡
ҽϽҲƵſܡ
޷濴иӾȥץҽ˼ûˡ
˭֪ҽӳȥͻȻվſ˵޻ǻʲô׵ģŰҩĴͷβһ飬ٰѷ
˵ҲƵˡ
޷Ӿҽܵô죬϶Ϊûˡ
뵽ҽ뿪ǰ˵ǷûסҩС߶÷仨ݫ֦ңͷ磬ã˿ˮʺ鵡
꣬˵Ǵ¿Ҳ˵ɣ
޷˲䷴Ӧ͵̧ͷͿվſڣһؿôô
Խ˵Խ
ҩͿˣһ۾Ϳڡ
˭֪޷ӾȻתˣȻûӦ
ҪǴȥ涼Ҫˣ
ѹս޷׳أȻǸ׳ա
ص޷棬һ䣺úˣû¶Եҡ
ӣ
˵תߡ
޷棺
һ£ۿ̾ҪԶϽ˵үµĺɰϴˣܱ
仹û˵ͻȻʧˡ
޷𾪵ؿһĻߵòȥ׷
ͻȻֵļ
ϴǧ벻
ǰϴүƢֲǲ֪Ҳڡ
һǮûˡ
νɵĲȥµĲϴţ˵´ͼǮأ
޷һ޿رɻشϣֱۣ
Ǯ
˵ɡ
ȥĶ񰡡
޷תת飬ͻȻǼҪ֧Ԯҵ

ǻÿʮᱦ
һ£һپʮᡣ
Ȼ޷ʧǲ˵㣬޷ˡ
޷űСĵպá
̵ġ
ʱߵԪ˳̸޷ʹ͡
һңһ
޷òᵶȥҳƴ
Ȼûӡ
԰Ԫߺصǿеı߳˳
˭֪һ֮Ȼζͦ
ǣһȫ޷Ķӡ
󣬾òֿ̫ʼҳԡ
ЩӲĺҿǣһ󣬺ҿǾ£ֻʣ¸ɸɾĺ⡣
޷һ뵽ǮֲʧǣͻȻòܳԶʳ
ͰѺҷ˷֣͸Щ
˭ҲҪ˵ˣ塣
޷Ǵһܡ
޷ãǷ̫ˣŻôù
ЩԥǲǸȥݰˣ

̫˵ͬǸرӡ
ΪŮ빬ӡ
ԴӻУ͸ܵŴ
Żʺ׼ÿ¿Ե빬
պþǰµӣһͻĳ빬
ˣнĸ̫̫ĸ֣ϣ׵ĴɩϣԼδСý𰡣
һ˵󣬾ȵһ˵
óһӺòˣдˡ
Ա̫̫ʹ˸ɫ̶Է˵ɩӣҺԵеţҳȥ߰ɡ
ϵǵؿԳҪҪ̫ҽ
ɵ˵ãеţȥ߾ͺá
ϱӦˡ
-

58 ˼

ȵŴɩϳȥûã̫˵ȥͷš
ǡ
źĹ
ֻʣ̫̫֣Ϻ̫𽡣
һأ֣ס֣۵ؿû°ɣ
̫ӿйֹ㣿ʺû˵ʲô
սͳΪﶼ˵ˣû뵽ºͻʺﾹȻѡάսʹͣ
ǿˡ
ѳ빬УȻǱά˼
ʱۺŻʺսսʹͣڴ
֣Ϣʱۻˣڹ⣬ٵģҲȲص빬𽡣
Ȼô
ۺŻʺֻ룿
ֻڹӵȣһֱȵ죬Ÿһ빬
ǶõӣֻС̫˾֪ˣҲǵĴ
𽱻һ˵ʱί
΢΢ͷ·ίģ̫ӵûйңĸҲû˵ʲôֻҰ̥
̰죬˽˳빬ǳôЩ鷳
֣һ̫ӺŻʺûйｭ𽣬˿
ֻĻ̲סôܹ㣬ҲΪС̫
οڹ֪ⷢʲô£
ҪҲùֳսֵõͷϣ
΢΢𴽽ǣظŶӣҲǣԴӣҵ˼ȫϣûôע⹬Ϣ
˶٣̾ϢĸҲսҲǿģȻ˽ˮ
ཿˮ²οǶգ
ǸиģڹŹһȦ˹
˵ǰգڴ˺üѹ
Ҳ֪ʲô
Ҫ޸ģá
ⷬէһڹս
ϸϸֱ棬ͷ˼Ѱζˡ
֣һתҲ̾ϢһˮԺҪüˣǸġ
ʱһԵ̫̫һĨ⣬һ˾ţӷ㻳УͱЩˣúñС̫ҪսǸõģᱣӵġ
֮⣬Ҫûбս˵սãдһˡ
һŶζЦ
ս
ŰӣϹۣŻᱣ
սסСΣ
ⱲӶã
һֱ̫֮λ
ûеӣٶ죬Ҳǳ룡
˵˺һȵʱˣͷҲˡ
֣ظֱ߳ŵʱ򣬽̲סͷճտǽߣΡΡ͢
һĽ
޵ð̫̫Ӿأʺϲ񻹻С̫
Ҳˡ
ȵС̫Ժ󻹻Ϊʺ󣬻̫󡭡
Ľ
Ҳܼ빬оͺˡ
һֻ̫̣ҲùѰٻ֮ң̷ŵӡ
ɩͷиҪТλĸѹš
ӹսսа
ƽʱŹʣ˭֪Ŀأ
ΪŮûˣҲÿѧأн̤һ
𰰵̾˿ܿ˼֣Ϻ̫̫
뵽ŰսͻȻЩĽ

սԼ鷿һ߳ſռóţ˿һ߿Ż
֮ǰű褸ץ˰ɲٳȥ
Ϊ˽ֻù͵ԡ
ռ˲ʳȻûˡ
սݺҧţ˿ԡ
ǵðóɣ
Ȼûسԡ
ؼǣԺͻˡ
ô죬ǵóԵĲźʡ
ʳǽʳǵζſ࣬ζȫһ
սԹܲʳǵĿζ
ҪĻѡ
˺üţ˿սĻҲòˡ
̾˿
ʱĻıûʲôͷƪҲ̡
дĴЩӼˣͰ׸Ĺ¡
˵ףǵ
սض룬ɴҽ˳
Ȼƽָǰλö˵ƽӹ
ƽһ±ƵذӣŴ򿪵ҽͻȻַǳõԤС
սսʣǡ
սָŵӣ
ƽſޣū澡ū澲
սüһ˵ϻʲô
ŵƽˡ
ʵøСѧƵġ
-

59 ҽ

ƽŵڵϣֱͦͦģرʵ
ս룬ƽʲô飿ܿ
ƽһ룬ŵˣڶ£á㡭ʲô
ɣ
Ҫ
ʮ꣬
ƽŵţɿһһַͷ
ţҪǹҪ룬͸ƴˣ
սһۣʲôҹҺܿ𣿡
˵ԣ
һ۾һѵӣ˲ƽĵӡ
ƽȾֽţûҶһ£ֻǿͰ͵սū澡ū澼ǵõľˣҪҪǸ֣
⻹õ˵ˡڣҹҪβˣʵ㣬֪𣿡
սŵ˵ţóһСͷƽ£Ȼָϡ
ƽ챻ſˣȴһҲҶ
սѸˡ
ô
ǰҪ˶ųɳˣΪβϧڵ
Ը𽵹ƽƽȻ
ڸв֪
սüͷһ壺ʲô侲㣡
ƽҪ޳áõġū澡ū֪ˡ
Ȼˡ
սҲףѧҽûãƽֲʵҲӦõġ
ֻҪģýš
˭ѧҽżβ
û취
ѭ򽥽ģҽչ¶
ǱĬؽܡ
Ҫ֡
ʱڣܲȥβȻϢǰԹٿ϶õ
ֻ˽͵͵
ԣֻһƽˡ
ս˻ܿͿƽ⡣
ƽᣬִСϰ䣬Ľе¾Сë
ëҩõġ
սڲҸҩ
ռٳ谮Ҳܹ
ҪǸҿҩխZ֪ˣ϶Ҫ˼ҩȷԲˣŻƽԡ
ֲҸƽҩһҩһܷҩ̫
Բǳѧߵˮƽܹҩ
һǱ¶ˣ
ԣսġ
裬㲻ҩֻģҲɽƽϵСë
ս⣬̰ڳҽļƣƽСһֱ̫׼ɣÿλḹʹ𣿡
ƽȵؿô֪
Ȼܿ侲ѵһֱĬĬū澣ūÿλḹʹǵô
Ϊµ࣬ƽȸжЩֻţ⸴ӵ˵ǵÿ
ˣļôãƽʱ͵ʲôģȫסˣ
ѹֹҪ룬ԭѵ
أ֪ˣܷŹ
Ĳ뱻
һѨô죿
ս
ȵȣⷢչе㲻Ծ
ƽѵǸҽĪҽ̬۷
ôô
˭СӰ˺ô
ûô̬
սƲѣɴҲƽϻˣֱ˵ȻҲ֪Щë͸û伲ҽ
ھ͸ģģҶѾѧˣԲطġ
ƽŵ˲ҰһҪܡ
ƨɸ뿪ӣͱսץס˻ȥʵţǧ𶯡ҪҶ˵طɱҡ
ƽҲҶˣɥģԲūϲҩϴδ򿪵Ҫū澻ûء
սһӹҽҩ㻹ǱˣҸ룬ξͺˡ
ɲ˵ӹҽ
ƽСѾߣܹʲôĴ
ոհʱͷˣƽҳҩⷴЩ
϶Ǳĸӹҽˡ
Ҫٳȥƽ⻹øء
粻ԡ
ս˵󣬲ƽľֱ֣Ӹġ
һȥʱƽŵ۾ˡ
ۣܿԲţսѨͷ
սоʱƽһֱڶ¡
Ȼһȥһֱֲ̿ƽЩɵˡ
ȻûѪ
ôֻۣеġ
𾪵ؿսЩŹ֡
Ѳɣﻹѧˣ
ܰɣ
϶ɺϣ
ܿ죬ڶȥ
ƽǽţֻ˿
һ˫۾ġ
ڶȻҲۣ
ѵɺϣ
˵ѧˣ
ս治ɫµ룬һĪҽ緶
ƽƽɫͻȻͲˡ
-

60 ˸

սƽ롣
ƽԽԽ
սһҽ緶̲סҽ
һ˵һ͵͵սķӦ
ô˵Ӧûܸ˰ɣ
̫ˣ
ս
ûظƽһƣƽļϣʲôǣ
ҽҿȫˣ˵˭ҸǸʲôƻŮҽ϶Ҳû
װһģԽˣƽԽǲ˵Ļֻڴţ
ƽûӲ
սô˵ʱƽ˲Բӣû뵽սôҪ
һź֪طӦʼϵشʺƨۣ
սٶݵټЩ
ƽδȥս׵вҰٸҷϻλɱҡ
ŵƽ˲죬ҲҶ˵һ֡
ʱĽ
ս룬ʼϸظ
ƽոձĹĵطȵطȻһۡ
Ҫǣ֮Ȼû˲١
ɣ
϶Ǵ
ﲻ㷭˷ҽ飬Ŀѧˣ
˵Ȼû󰡡
ƽҵţսҪ˽ڿ
սط˸ۣȵûвȥˡ
֮սһֱʵˡ
Ȼǣ褾ȻûаǼ¸խZ
ŵصһ죬Ȼʲô鶼ûС
ǰ׵ˡ
תۣʱ͵˵ڶ졣
սȵխZ褶ź̻װαװɺ˳ȥ
ȥЩҽ飬Ȼȥҩ˲ҩģС⻨߰˰ˡ
ŵƽˣսսʣáӣôҩĸʲô
òҩɣ
ˣᱻ
ƽսҩһҩȥϳѪڵϵĻ棬ŵɫˡ
˫ȸһʱܹȥ
սõƳһۣôʲôǸԵġ
ûɫĶȻҩ
ΪսҩԾܹԵ
սԽԽˬ
ǰ֪ٸؽҩÿ顣
ԽԺȻһСѾ߸ˣ
ڣڴѧҽͷЩҩĻȥӦû˻ỳɡ
뵽սٴƳƽһۡ
ˣѾͷȻ˵㣬Ҳȷʵá
ƽ֤˿϶Ϊں֡
û˻֪ЩҩģʵԼõġ
ͻȻֵĺ粢ȫ
Ҫúãͱʵȥ
Ѿδޣǵ߸ȴúúõġ
ô붼Σա
ˣԲżȻ
ͷʲô
ѾھУûԱ֮ôУ
˵Ǹ˵ֵúܡ
Ϣǿֵʱȴǳƣƺ
ˣ˵ʵһȫӣ϶Ƕ֡
ǲ֪Ǹ˵ʲôĿġ
սҡͷֿܣȴǾòԾ
ֻϧˣȻһ˵Щ벻ջ
ս̾Ϣһȥй䡣
һ˳ƽսܿȥС
лǸģΨһͬǡǸֻ겻ˡ
սƳһۣǺ⡣
ֲ죬֪ԷΪʲôû
ʲô°ɡ
ս̫ȷţĿɨΧʼѰʺ϶ֵĵط
ҪóҸʵĵطС
ǵطҪƫƧ˷ˡ
ս۲һ˽ȥ
Ȼ֪ǣ޷һֱ͵͵ظš
սµѪǰƻˣ˶֪Ǵ¿
涼ˡ
һسӲУ
ү£˻ˣ
ү϶Բᣡ
޷жţս߽һϽ׷˹ȥ
ǰ棬սţõط
ţͷֺβ͸š
սüͷһ壬̼ӿ˲ӡ
Ҳӿˡ
ڸ
սɫһżڵһţ˲˳ȥ
Ӵˮ泭սʱʱýżûһʧ
޷Ͻ׷ȥ
սָɫѿɴ˶ĵط
˭֪ţͻȻŰ˵򺲣㶼ˣȻûģӳȥֻСүͷү֣ǻôдֻ
-

61 սĽڲ


֣
սüͷһ壬ͻȻꡣ
û̯ѵǼˣ
ϲ鷳뵽пǸ꣬Щݲġ
սԥһ£˻ڸţ˾
˸٣϶ƾóȥܹ¡
˵ܸҵ鷳
Ҫ˵ʲô
ǡʱһֱߵ𣺡ҪͶңҶӣ
Ǹӣʲô֪ǷŹɣ
ȻĻȻû취Ⱥͽı⣬̼ǵʩŰ
ǷŹӣϽӰӿɵȥ˵ˣͷŹӣ

˿ѵ𣿡
Ҫٲӵֿɾͱס˹
һȺͻȻ˱ߵؾУǵģǲŹӵġ
˵Ҳ֪ʲôͻȻҽһ
սǸ꣬һ˵㷭ǽ롣
ǴԱߵСԺﴫġ
ԺǸСĺԺرգһϷӡ
洦ɼƾɵĺۼȻҵӹú׾ݣòǮѷӷһ¡
Щ˾Ժ
սսȥͿһԸӵڵϡ
׿ʮͣɫƣҩζǾò
ӱ꣬һ˲ڽ¡
еȣ˶ۣ⿴˲ϲ
սǸտأֻһۣѾҪվıߡ
˵ȥһţߵõ˳ȥ顱һײǽϡ
ʱǰͻȻֺ˵ʲôˣȻӵˣ
սؕһۣ˴òʲôݵһƦå
涼㲻ϡ
û˻ɵߵĳ£˵Ʀå
·ҲƸһɶ
ǰƦåȻֻòġ
սȴ
ЦŰմ֮Ů
ڻʵǰŷɥǧ
ʲôµģ
˭
ս̧־һӣžġһشϡ
̫죬˸㣬ӳ˸ţ
ڱǰ˭ĵӣ
ս̬ţ˵һӣһϡ
׼ۿӻӹ㡣
ɻûܶ㿪
ٶ̫ˣ
Ͷ
֪Ҫ㣬ķӦϡ
ʱٴҲ֪սƲ硣
зɿһ˿ʣȴǹȵʵ֪մļҹӣ
ʵСҲǷ¡ְڣе֮
³սݲһ㣬˴̬ȴʮֹ
·һˡ
򺲸ӿһĻ鸴Ӽˡ
򺲡
ΪףûܸӳһƬ죬ۣöҲû컹Ҫȥֻ̯Ǯβ
ǲ֣һǰ̣
ٿսӲͣȴһԹˣǸȴҡ
ȨƵĺô
򺲴δеؿȨơ
뵽Լ˵ȣֻʣһƬ
ȣܲμ촺ǡ
ָҲΪӣƾ
ƾˣҪǷвмûз
һˣ˲мûвμӿƾٵʸ
뵽һƬ
ս񣬲һۡ
еľԶ׼˸һ
ûȥ롣
ǼƦûأ
սһ̬ţӵ䣬֪ģ
ԺӿǽĽ˿ѾЩͷ֦ҶïΧǽ
ʱ޷Ͷϡ
Ἣˡ
Ѿ֪սݣŰһ棬ҪѪĳ嶯
ˣүѾˣδȻҲô뺷
ʱǿǿϣкӹ
ǵģôûǼүҸү߳࣬úõأ
ںˡ
үķ緶
ѵνһԣ
ĸĸδСӻñ䱾
޷汻ͻĲ²ŵòᡣ
ȴս˵вա
޷ͼˣ
Ҫʲô
ѵҪԱţ
ԥҪս˵ȥӣ¼ƼҵĶʱĴݣ
޷ŵòϵ
ɵ
ģ
˵öĽڲָ
-

62 ƭ³

Ϊ׵ĵƦǮһսǳ¼ƼҵĶӣɫȻ÷ǳѿ
Ӽƣ˵Ҳﲻ
Ǿô뿪Ǯֲġ
£֪ˣܹõǮ
˭֪ȻôùҪֵʱ򣬾Ȼܳһҧ𣬻ǳ¼ƼҵĶӣ
Ǯ֪սݣ⣬뵽ŵǹ¶֪򺲿ɲʲôö
ߣ£ʵǸ黫Сˣ˺ÿ಻ԡ
С˽ҲΪ¶Ӹ̧֣ĪҪСе
˵˸ҾһĳϿңģ治˵ѡ
ǫһͼˣ¶ӣǧں˵˵
ҵǾˣΪƣӲˣ˵ǰ㣬Ǹ黫Сˣ
¶ǲţԸΧĽַԾʵа٣
ݰ׵ɡ
ʱ齻飬ɫףǿյ
ǫһ˵һ߽򺲷һ˫۾ŭصǮ·Ҫƴ
Ǯȴҵ¶ӡ
ȻǸˣȴûʲôɽȽţƾ
ûʲôµġ
ɡ¶ӡͲһˡ
رܴݻߣ
ǮԥôǺãսѾٴηѡ
˵ѣսۿǮĪӿɵĹ
о仰˵۾Ĵ
⻰˵û
˵ʱ͸¶ܶණ
սС˸ָ˻۽𾧣˷ǳ׼
򺲵ĿҰģовʣ
ǫСҲ٣źޣΪ˻ʮֵ
ЩƦͲһˡ
˸̰ݶһͲʲôö
ǮλȻƭǲ֪
սһЦŶϵ޷湴˹ָץȥš
˼Ȼ£еŹˣǾͰҵЩѩȥɨѩɡ
޷һ±ƣԼˣ
Ϊʲô
ô֪
У
Ϊʲôôֱ׳طԸ£
ѲɣѾ֪ݣ
޷ԥҪҪȥ
ʵսڹթ̫ȥ
ֵս֪ҪǲȥĻԺûкӹ
޷᲻ѣһʱò⡣
սƬ̣ɶŲϳɫһ䣺ǲΪϵĶѾûˣ
Ȼ֪޷ݡ
Ѿϳ޷ĺˡ
һʼֱ˸ٵʱûϳ
ɾڲǰ˵Լǳ¶ӵʱ޷ͻȻϢȣ˳
֪սĿУ
ҵô죿
սؿ޷صĵطҪ˻ô
޷汻ŵòᣬһֱŲϳ
ҩĬĬοԼţ϶ƭңҲ˶
ȴս˵ĲҪҩˣ
޷һ⻰̲סһš
Ѳɣ˶
ǣҽ˵ûж
ѵҽûм
Ӧðɴû˵Ǹö֡
ȵȣ
ˣ
Ҫѧҽ
˲ҽ顣
ѲɣǴѧģ
޷ԽԽЩܡ
ˡ
ˣò˶ڷ˰ɣ
Ժսһ޷滹ϳЦóһɫĴƿĽҩ治Ҫˣ
޷һҩƿ˳ˡ
ϵĺڲ鲼ȥˣҲϲϴȥԺս
սЦЦֱ׳طԸղ˵Ļ㶼˰ɣǴߡ
޷۰Ͱ͵ؿĴƿǽҩ
ȥȥĵطȻҩ
޷ؿЩƦҪ֣˭֪սͻȻסȵȵȡ
ȻЩƦʶģͰϵǮȫ
Ʀ޷ֵʱѾ岻ѣս⻰ǶԼĶë
¼ƼҵĶӣȻҪǣ
˵Ĺٶ
Ϊʲô
ѵ¼ʵ
޷˽ţ鸴Ӽˡ
Լ˳ߵ˽ǮٿЩĵƦͻȻЩͬˡ
Ƭ̺޷ͻȻ֪طֲԾ
ͬƦʲô
Щ˾ûһǺö
ôû뵽ء
ЩƦһ֮ǰǽǮ
ϧ׵̫ˡ
Ѿ˿ڣЩǮ϶ûķˣ
-

63 ɧ

Ʀ𾪹̶·ӡ
ǰϵǮ
붼룡
˭ѽ
ֻǴٱ˵ķݶܱ˴ˣ˵ȥҪҪˣ
û뵽ͷ¼ƼҵĹӶˡ
ǸͷģһͲǺö
ôʣȻ٣
ûˡ
޷һЩҪܣץöͭʹ˳ȥ
ͭڼƦϣֻһʹȥ
޷漸嵽ǰɴÿһţߵǻʹûܡ
սΣյۡ
֪˸ûȫ
Ȼ˵˵
֣Ϊʲôأ
ĺɰܣ֣ȴţҶº֡
˭ô
ܲпӣ˾񲡰ɣ
޷汻ëȻȴֲ˵ʲôֻðȫȺƦϡ
ܿ죬ƦϵǮȫ˳
ȻһȺƦжǮ
ҪǮҲˡ
ѵеƦϵǮҲʮͭǮԼʮᱦ
ʮֻʵʵļֵҪ͡
޷һǰеǮһ׼ս
սûӣֻǳ򺲸̧̧°ͣ˵ǰɡ
Ӷһ㶣űƴǲܡ
ǱսȣѾܸмˣﻹǮ
սƳһۣ㲻βˣ
һ漴Ŀɬ
ˣ벻Σʲô
ǫȴͻȻ޷ӹǮ
֪ԼǸ׵ĲӲãô
ǫ򺲴ʧɫǮȥǮǲҪ
ǫ߬Ǯ֣Ȳٵˣ
ȥս޷棬Ȼܲ˼
սһҪݸ˵û꣬Ͻ˵ֻǮ
򺲺ǫɵۡ
սؿǣǲֻ𣿻ж٣ҿ
ǫϽܣУȥȡ
죬û
ƽǮƣĲ
ҪǶԷҪֻǿܽܡ
֪սǸӣ޹»ԼѾˣζνȴϣ˶ӡ
ƽǮǷµľ̫ˡ
սƳ޷һۣظˣôȥ
޷һϽȺƦǹˡ
ȥ٣̲סĿڡ
ˣղֱ͸үһޣ
ѵνķࣿ
ǫܿһֽ
ֻ
̫Щֻȫûװѣʮּª
ȻϸĻͻֻᷢƷʶͦƮˮȴַȻ
װѳ϶á
ս⿴˿ʵЩô
ǫûڣѾ˵ϲȫȥ
ս˺˼Щİɣ˼Ͳۣ
ɼҲǷģ
ͦй
ҲգЩֻҶҪˣȻȥܼң˵ġ
սЦ˵Ҳܸ𾪣ֽ˵ҿЩɥΪ˾κãҲ²м𣿡
⻰һɫ䣡
ǫ˵빫ԣҸȻЩأֻҪκã²м
漰򺲣мսȵĴȴ̲ס
սĹĵģúЦ
ڸǫСЦЦؿ򺲣ôģ
ǫһʶ򺲿ȥȡ
򺲱ʹʶʲôɫ˲ɲҰס
߬ȭͷ̧۲õؿսȻǲĻԣǫ֪ࡣ
ҧ˵ղŶлֻĳͽıڣû취дӣذɡ
Ҫߣսؿ˵а취κأ
⻰һ򺲺ǫٴɫ䡣
ǫСôס
һս˵а취κ򺲵ȣʱˣʲôκҵȣ𣿡
򺲽ŵؿսҪţȴЩңս˵ѣ׸һ
Գһ򺲻Ǿս˵Ĳġ
ɵӲδĳˣ֪İգܹκĳ
ս˵һ֪ͻȻڻǸѧϰҽֻø˿ڣң㻹бѡ𣿡
򺲣ȷʵûбѡ
ûбѡ񣬼ȻˣΪʲôһأӮˣȾָܻøһ²м
˶٣սֲǶˣҲڵˡأ
-

64 ֮

򺲿Լ˵ȣ뵽Ժ²мٲμӿƾ٣Ҳû˵Ŀܡ
ͻȻݺҧҧһѡ
ģ
ܿƾˣô˭Բͷϣ
һӣԸͶЧ˵ĻţҲñԷ
Իָ糣
սȭͷȨƬ̣ͻȻ̧ͷս֪Ҫʲô
øʲôĴۣ
ΪΪǸĴ̫ΥĳЩԭɳΪӣ
սһЦ򺲻ô˵
ͿЩִԭҲῪڡ
˭ܾأ
ɲΪ
ָ糣ҪΪ¡
봺ǻ£ܲμӣжգ
˵ЩӣɥģȻѾ
ǲ֪ЩǷѾ
ɫ䣬𾪵ؿս̣¡ĳμδǣ
սʣѵ㻹ڵꣿ
򺲣Ȼôã
ǣôܣ
ũ£ֻµʱ䣬ָܹ糣
һᣬԼǲǱƭˡ
뵽ºܲμӴǣǾһѡ
ΪԷ¡
˼ȻĹӣΪԷҲûʲô
򹦷ǵϵĸȻԾ·¡
ǰλȴһĳӦʲô鷸֮¡
˼ƽϣ㳯սһ񣺡ĳԸ׷湫ӣ빫Ӿĳ
ˣ
ȻǸˡ
սζЦЦȻԸģȸѸ
⻰Щڴ
սܿǫ𿪱˿ںҩ
˵ϵĹͷѾˣôſɲУ´һ¡
Щ˿һֱʹɣûдõԵʡ
һҪ£ƣطҲʡ
һȥ׼ЩѰ㡣
ҷԣ
Ͻл
սܿ뿪СԺȻĻϲ
ǫЩܾ𣿡
̾˿ܲڸˡ
ǫ룬ҲڴǾ̫ˣϹ𣿡
򺲵˵ͷš
壬һЩԣѧЩ֮
䲻ԱȴʦҲСá
óղ죬δȴִȻ
ܹˣĸ
̲סʼĥûκã뷨ӸԷĻźˡ
ı£ĻŻǴ´ġ
Ӧòܾɣ

սɲ֪ѾĽȡ
ûҶܻ
Ը˸򵥼ͼҴ·ˡ
̽̽Χû˼ӡ
뿪
һ˰̯Ĵ
ЩǴӳģǰű¨ͷװҪĶ
ս֮ɾһ¨Ļһ
¨ŮƤɹЩڣ϶ϼͶڼûٸɻ
ս˫׵øƵģ滹ѿ˲ٿӣаҡ
ҿԽݲͣǴһͨũŮӿ»ѹ
п꣬սű¨תߡ
ͬŮȴû
ϣװ硣
Ů˵һ仰пܱ˵ɵͽӣοǰæ
սű¨һ·У߽û˵ӣ̽Ļ˸
Ŀռﻹкܶʱڲԣûó
˸Ҳ
սܿű¨ȥͣ
޷洦ЩƦͼææҸϣ˸գȥ󻹱̳һ٣
޷ĵò޳
үԽԽˣǰûò¶Ǵһ٣ھȻѧᷣǮˣ
̲мؿ޷氧ԹС񣬵һȥǶԸӣٰ첻ãҪˡ
޷ŵһ
Ŷ˼ҵֱû˹Ǯ껹ô
޷Ͻ˵
ʱͻȻ˵⵶ڿʼ㶢
˶٣ֲһ䣬̫
⵶ȭɫȻ
ȴ̣ү˵Ҳѽ
޷汻ʱҲڳˣ
λδ
Ҫýˣ벻ˣ
үΪʲôȥ
ѲɡүҪ
϶û
үȻʵȢ˰ɣ
ˣ
-

65 ж1

⵶ĵܿȥˡ
ȥ·ϣδӵֶˡ

սһͰѱ¨˳⴦
ƽͶรҲڡ
ΪսĴѾߣǶս
ƽʱһǴŻսǰա
սǸˡ
¨ʵοյ֡
սͷװ˲ٸòݵڵʵʵ
˼⡣
Ǳ¨ﱾеģսͷխZɡ
⿴¨ķ⣬Щ⣺Ʒʺһ㰡
˵ͺˣս߳ŭñӳ
ƽĵҪЩǸû⻰ʲôԣӿ˵ǰ̫һ˰ɣһͲôóԡ
ôѫƽʱԵõģǾϸѡĺö
ƽĸ˵ֻѾߣɳԴöȣȺܶСұöˡ
ƽóգҲóû
˵꣬ͱ͵͵һѡ
ⶼ챻ƽˣ͵ս˭֪ƽɵӣȻϽͣ
Ҫƽˣ
սȴûֻ˵ҿͦģ
⻰һ˶Щ𾪡
̫߳
ǼҹȻѧˣ
սһǾȻŵӴʲôϡƵģ̲ˬصһۡ
ǶҸʲôɻ⣬Щó»ж
ⱻս񿴵ûһݣϽ£ֽؽ¨ķȡ˳
Ȼ󿴵Ĳݵӡ
ⲻЩ棬ݵʲô
СؽݵӽҿȻһ㶡
ݵͷȻװ˺ͮͮĹŹֶ
ûģ
һֻⶫһָȴƻҪ
ɸɵģɫ죬Ҳ֪ʲô
ܾˡ
ⶫʶûѽ
룬ɴѸŵӵš
һǺ˵ζ
ζǳ̼ⲻⶫж
Ϊѵؿս̽ʵ֪Ǻ
ս֪ʣȻʶ
ĪЩ飬ﲻ̫û˰ɣ
ԥһ£ײҺ˵ԼʵʶֻС˵ū澴δ֪ǴӺģ
ŶǴһĸݵŮġս֮ɫҲ֪ʲô˵ⶫеʳǣȴûʳǵĿζ
˳˼ζʳǣȴûʳǵĿζ
˵ζʳǸã
ƽȴ֪ܲʲôȻҲԣ㣡һжأ
ûʶǿ϶ùԡ
Թӣ˵ȳԣûж
һжĻǱˣ
ǸŮ˭һ˻ܳˣ
ͻȻս˵һɣǲϼع
սò׸·խZ褶ڰѰⶫ
ϢҲ˵˻ύ°Ѱҡ
ƽЩѾһֱսźȻҲ˵ⶫ
𾪵ؿЩţȷ𣿻᲻ˣ
ѵҺܴܸսõصһַۣԸ࣬ھʹɡʱǵð£Ȼֳ֣ܲ
鱻㵽ʱ˶ˡ
룬ʾ䣬ǲֻ˷ӡū澿ɷ֣ʣµĵȿ˴֣
սͷҲ˼Ͱ˵İ졣
Ͼ¿һ٣Щӿɲ˷ˡ
Ӧ˼󣬲²Ӧ鲻ϽʵūδЩ
սˣԱԸЩͳϴɣСΣС𷭳ٵĩȻ֥飬һͽĩϡ
֮ǰûָô⣬˶ϰˡ
ô˵ܿͰķԸʼ
ҲŰæ
ûãͼһΡ
С𷭳
ζǺˣ͸Ǻˡ
ս֮⣬˶Ǻֱ硣
Ǻ˵ζһرζŷԽԽŨ
С𷭳αʮִ࣬һͳ˷ۡ
κռռ䣬ͦģĩֻһ롣
ⰴսķԸĩһŵĴɹ֥һЩϷۻȣȻһ͵˽ȥ
һȥ㷢̡һ͵ζ㻺ɢ˳
-

66 ж2

Ժ⣬⵶͵͵ضϡ
սҾֻ̫ھԺⶢҡ
˭֪ûãԺƮһֵζ
ζǳǺˣ⵶Ǻô˸磬Ϊ˷˶̣
͵͵쳤ӿһۣȴ־ԺȻҲڴ磬ȴʮֵ
Լ׵ˡ
ڸʲô
ζҲ̫Ǻˣ
ΪǺ˰ɣ
⵶һ뵽ֿܣ͵ĲѣüΰҪܽȥˡ
ֻһֱûҡ
˺һǹǺ˵Ŀζ㱻紵ˡ
⵶ҡ
ȴ֪ϾҪˡ

ԺսõͣЦЦ
ȻСһӣɱֻ㣬Ӽˮ㡣ˣ±õƤˣȥ
æӦһԸɱ׼
Լȡ±õƤ˵Ƭ
ƤȽϱеʱҪѲ˵ŵгŻȽϴƬ
Сʼѧ˳գڳæֽʮҲ൱
һСĹƤѾкãذ
ĩҲ֪üӶ٣ֻÿպ˵˳ζ
ڵζֱüͷŵһֱ͵ƽŲѡ
ƽһ߰̿ˮһ硣
ܲܳ԰
ôǸӦ
ѵó
˵ͷж
ǿô죿
ôǻ˲Ǯɣ
ƽֱģ
ȴüͷչ˿㲻жģ
ƽȲʵ⣬ոճоô
ûǿս˷ܵ˵˵ûȷʵûпζ̫ЩǶԳθá
ǱȽϲζģʳǴſζ̲סԡ
û治Ȼһ㶼࣬ζر㡣
̫θˣ
̫ЩտʼԵǲ̫ϰߡ
ƽ̲סʣ⣬ոѾԹˣûж
˵ζ̫֮⣬ûзס
ʵϣѾȲҪĲˡ
ǹӺͶӰ˺ü춼ûҵһȥϳˣ
ǰôû֣ʵء
ңȻϲӱӣҲͿˡ
ʵϴδñӴǡ
ǲˣ
һ룬һ߽ĩкõ±ϡ
Ϊζͦû̫ࡣ
һƬϣֻмĩ
սû
ǵһγЩϰߣ
ͬǵһγԡ
Ҫ̫࣬˵׼Ի˶ӡ
ʱխZǲ׼ٳˡ
ս뵽;Σ̫ˣ
Ե뷽跨㾡
ս뵽Ͻ˵˹ҳζ
ϽӶ˵սǰݸһ˫ꡣ
սϣһƬкõ䳢˳
ģг˱ƬԵʱִֵʮʺϵ¾Ʋˡ
ĩ±ζͷζԵս˫۷θڴ󿪡
ûгԹˣոճԵʱζٻ᲻ϰߣú
ζʮֿθ˳Ժղܡ
սѾ͵͵Թţ⣬ζĳҪЩ
һھͷ֣ȥ˵еˡ
Ҫ΢ټӵ㣬ζŻá
ƽ۰Ͱ͵ؿսʿˮúó𣿡
ţζսһǸģ֪ˡ
ٿͶร˱ֵҪƽֶˣﻹ¶˼ֿ
ս˵һʣµǼ˰ɣ
Щ˶Ľܶô
ƽһֱؿӣ޲Զ֡
õһۣСɾӣһС±
ս˵Ƿһ룬ȴķôࡣ
ˣսԲĻٳʣµľˡ
󣬳˶ֵ˼Ƭ±⡣
ƽĸѾ߷ֵࡣ
һõװС룬ƽȲؼһƬ˳Ȼ󾪺ĺѽ
˵ȲؼһƬ
˿Եô㣬ﻹ̵ס
׷׿ʼƷ
ƽʱģҲ⡣
һǺζ²ԵĻս᲻ˡ
˭֪ӲͷƤ֮˶㣡
ƽһ񣬾ͰԼǷݳԹˡ
ĵؿſտҲС룬ѽôûˣ
˵İۡ
˭Ҳû֣վڽĳ￴ԼǷ±⣬
-

67 ж3

˳˷ֵ±⣬ֿʼæ
ΪսڳĸѾ߸˶ûʲôֵĻᡣ
ƽ󣬸Ѽп顣
ⰴսҪ󣬰ɱõг˱Ƭ
鸺ϣร׼ˡ
վһԣԼȫ岻ȥ֣ȥʾսζ̫Զܲסζ
ս鲻ҪӦͻȻﴹܿĿ⡣
ǡ
ã͸
ս˵ַԸ⣬⣬Ӽˮ㶼
ϽͣĻϥһ񣺡ū
Ӽˮ㶼Ҫ
ӼʱҪȽ϶ࡣ
սûޣûͻˣû̫ࡣ
Ӽʱ򣬼Ҫը
ζر㡣
һͻ𱬳ʱζŨˡ
⵶ھԺϣͷƮζӾͿʼ췴ʿˮ
ζԽԽŨδżģһַǳرζ
⵶ֱؿžԺķ򣬱ζץӸΣ޲ȥһۡ
˹ˣô꣬ʹûŵζ
ʲô
Ҳ̫ˣ
ʳҲԹŲζ
ѵĶط
⵶Ἣˡ
̧ͷ˿ɫյĶӣɬ
Ҳ߯ĥˣ
޷滻һ£ȥǶԸأ
ԣ
Ų޷滻ء
ʲôÿģ
ôζ޷ŵõ
q(s^t)r
Ȼ⵶յûãܿ;
˹ˣ
ΪԺߵζ̫̫ر𣬺ԺѾ͸Ǳջ߹
⵶òСض֦Ҷ
ǳģҲҶ
Ȼûط㡣
ֹûã⵶̫̫ͺ˶ˡ
۾̣˰˳Ǳζģ
ۿ׾ٵؽ˾Ժ⵶ġ
Ժս̫̫綼ˣЩ⡣
ôˣ
ɿƳսӭ˳ȥĸĸףôˣ̴󣬿ȥ
̫̫ȴ͵͵쳤˲ӣɨɨʣʲôˣôйζ
类̨ʣûʣֻǺ
սó׼ǫ̃ʣҽţ˲ϼعԣȻζǳرһ㶼ûʳǵĿζ
ǵó̫̫Ķѣ˵ЩģĲࣿ
һ㶼ࡣս˵뵽̫̫ʹˣֲζ̼θĸǲΪá
⻰һ̫̫Ͳˣô˵ͲˣʹˣϲԵζصġ
˵ƽʱҲʳǣеѣôͲˣ
ǽŮӣɲĹټҵŮô硣
ӲʵúܣûʲôܳԵģ
սεؿ
治֪̫̫ΪһڳԵģȻܹôƴ
̫̫ôƴˣܹôأ
һ㶼϶ǲеģֻ̫̫̫ܿˡ
ս˵ĸĸףȥ̶ţϾͺˣ߿š
к̫̫ȥݣ뵽쳣ʵڲĳߡ
ţóӼˮ֣
̫̫綼￴ӣֻȥݡ
սת˳ԳӼˮ㣬ȷûӱĶŷĵصͷ
Ȼˣ
Щţ͡Ϳˣ
Ǻã߿Ż𣬵˾͹ȥ
ս˵⣬ϲ˰ɡ
ˮ˶ѿͶѾ١
Ӽ±⣬Թˡ
ΨһǣЩȫˣ̫̫ǲ̫ܳࡣ
սһϲ˵
ڿɲó
ϲ˵ʱ䣬һ򣬴һգӾܺá
սݡ
Ѿںˡ
Ӽˮ±ͷ̫̫ش
սһ̫̫к£͵ˣ
Ůû˼¿ء
սЦ߹ȥԱ¡
⽻Ѿ̡̫̫߰
̫̫ʹˣͷ϶ûôС
Ҫǲ̣˵Ῠס
ǾΣˡ
̫̫ȳ˳Ӽ
ӼȻըȴۡ
Ϊŵò࣬رֻ΢΢һζ
ˣսҲ̫ࡣ
ţˡ
-

68 ж4

ս̧һֶĲǸСѾߡ
ָۣԼȴ̫̫ԶλöСѾ˵
λãò͵˵ʵܲʣԵûò
йԼܱ˵ģ
ս⣬Ҳô
̫̫һ㶼⡣
Ǽұȿôˣ
Լʲô⣿
Ǽұ϶û
ƽʢ
ǣƽӦһһֻɾĿսʢ˸Ҫ
սҨһףڱӵš
ɢζսܿ췢˹Źֵĵط
֮⣬轺ͱǡ
Ӻܺÿ˷ǳʳ
Ȼսͷ֣轺ͱǵζ֮⣬ַǳģζ
սüͷ漴ֳ˳ζ
Ȼζʮ壬Ȼ˱Ǻ轵ζ֮⣬һֹŹֵζ
Ǿζһϲ
ͬĶԼصζ
ñȲݮӣȻȴȫͬζ
ζҲˡ
˲ǣϵӼˮر㣬սζһͨ˵Ļ¸ͷֲˡ
ս˲ɫ̵
ȻȡЩˮҪڡ
֮ǰżȻǳ˸飬;ЩԾ
ֻǳﵱʱʲôûüԼˣûжֻ֣һһ
񣬹Ȼˡ
ǿ׼ζζٴСĴ̼ͷ飬⣬ŻҪ
ͦơ
ֻϧƴ˶
Ҹҩϵòͷˣ
սһ̫̫ʱ˲ϳˡ
̫̫еʵζã
ǰʣ˭ģ
սԥһ˲ǾӦ˵
ƾһû¶
ûʲôԹҴǳңȴûʲôޡ
Կ϶Ϊޡ
Ǿָֻʹˡ
ոζֳ˳رζǸڡϿһ涾Щơ
ǵãһֺŮ˳Ժ󣬻ᵼ¹޷Уÿ»Ҫ
ս˼ܳﱳ˭˶ƻ
ǰոˮӣ¹ë
ҩԺǲҲΪˮԵʡ
Ȼһеǰǣж˲
ΪԼ壬ԼΪ
Ļ˹ƻȴǵ͹͡
ǣ˵˭
ΪʲôҪҩ
ΪҪ˵ֻ˳֮ꣿ
սܿ⡣
׳һףĸĸ֪ûã滹˶
ʲô
ʲô
̫̫ľͬʱ
ɫ䣬˲վ
̫̫ʣô֪ģôж˭Ҫ㣿
򾪻Ųѣոǲǳһڣ𣿲У̫ҽ
սŲæ˵ƽȥץµģܻѰ˶̼
Ȱ˰ˣס죬ȻѲȫӣκν䶼¡
ڸ˭ãǸʶģȫйһʣ
̫̫æ˵ûðǸ¶ץˣУҵȥ̫ҽ飡
ѾǷ׷
ʱ򣬲̫̫磬˭Ҳ˲ϳԶˡ
ǵĸαȻǵƤӵ±¶
õͱǵӣ
˽ŵؿսһգۣͻѪ档
ȴڲŲæˮڣݳ侲˿
粻ʣھôûﲻ
սһΣţҶûȥζŹ֣Ҿȫˣھûˡ
˵òˣԶ
˭֪̫̫ͻȻɫ䣬˹һץסұ߸첲һץס߸첲ԡ
̫̫ŵ˵ˣ˭֪ͷûб¶
͵صͷǰˣһЩҲ˶أ
սϽ˵ûµģ֮ǰڳһֱЩûմ֣жġ
ڻŶأ⿴ôУ
һ㶣漴ŭ
̫̫֪⣿
磺ôһץ
-

69 ж5

̫̫ͬʱŵսӣЩڡ
ô˵ġ
֪͵ȳ˵ˡ
˺ЩսŰѱĸŮ˸á
Ȼװ˵Լö̫̫ͺûټ

⵶ھԺ⣬е㲻Ծ
ո̫ˣͷȥͷ˼ӣ˭֪ջͿ˴ӾԺ˳
ҴҵģεСд˽ǳ˴¡
⵶ԽԽԳûע⣬͵͵ɵݶϣ׳ʲô¡
þ̫̫ŭ
֪Ȼ˸ս¶
飡
սһŮô˸¶
ѵǳүģ
սˣүֿˣ
̫ɺˣ
òҪȢϱˣҪүֿһδޣҪʲôʱȢϱӣ
δӵֶˣ
У²ţȥү
⵶͵һȷսģϽˡ
֪ǣ뿪սݶ۾⡣
սգԼ̫ˡ
ͬʱָе쳣ŭ
Ļ˻޼ɵȻ˵ӣ
Ϊȷûг¶-ҩ
ϧ̫̫綼ڣ˵Ϣֲһ˶Էһ˹ǽֱɱأ
ڵʵǿԱȴ޷ס̫̫硣
ҪǴΣˡ
ֻ뿪
ߵô죬ǼŸϻȥŰɣ
¶ʧˣһ
ΣɲǳԿӣ
ŲĻ˵˭¶͵øۣ

⵶һ·ɱܿϻ
̲ͷ
һʲ֪Լȥռꡣ
⵶˿ɱȥ
ûã͵ˡ
⵶ܵȴͣ
꣬ץ˵Сʣءأ
Сһؿɫףɫ͸ˣұ¶ڣССĲ֪
⵶ץס½󣬼Ҽүǵô᲻֪Ķ
ңĶҪҪǸҲ˵˴£ȫҵģ
СŵɫһףȾ־ʣ㡭µˣ
⵶Ͻƣݣ˵ҼүĶ
С˿Ȼֵ
ˣղ˵֪ᱻ˸˰ɣ
ôţСϽָ˸򣺡λүһŷ
⵶Ͻӿȥ
ȥʱڲѡ
Լ̫ɵˡ
ովͲСģ
үʲôݣƹĸŪô
ŵıõİѽ
⵶һݾ϶¥Ȼһŷƿų˽ȥ
̺ͳѹȻͷ
˶̧ͷ
⵶󣬳̵ɫʱһ
⵶ȥս⵶ȴͻȻ϶սǱ߳ˡ
Ů˱뺷øһװܳȥˣܳʲô£
⵶û⵽̵ɫһ˵ү²ˣ˸¶
û⵽˳̺ͳ֮⣬һˣǧ褣ͬʱҲսĶ硣
褲֪Ҫİ⵶ȥսɫܽһ⣬׼ҽߡ
⵶ģһ֪ǳ˴£һʲôģԺǵĵ£
ֻûҽڹ⵶˵ˡ
üͷһ壬ĵȻ˴¡
Щڸոûмʱߡ
ȻͻȻ֪طӦ
һϹ
Ψһܹǿģı
˲ɫһ˵⵶ǰץ·۾ʣո˵˭¶ˣ
⵶𾪵ؿҲԲˡ
ոôû֣褾ȻҲ
ˣ褶ˣ֪ȥ
ô죿
˵Сĺ߯Ƕ䵽ľû³
ǳ̼ʱӦʵô֪˸¶
⵶һתܿ˸ɣ¸ոմʱͻȻҴҵȥ̫ҽ
µδ£͸ȥŵ֪˸¶
ɫ䣬Ҳ˲ȥ׷˵ôˣææͷ塣
ǴϻؼҲ鿴
⵶ˣ˿ȻߵߣС˵»ɣ¶ǳүġ
Īĳ̣
-

70 ж6

ʲô˼ѵ˲ҸȢϱ
ѴŭҪ˭ô죬Ȼ¶
̲ؾȻ˶δͷˣ⣿
ȥ
ɫһ䣬Ͻ׷ȥ磡ȵң
Ѵ׷ϳ̣ü۵ش磬òᣬȥδɣ
˵̾صһۣ֮ˣ˵飿
ֲû
һֻֻ۾ʲôÿģ
ܣˣ
һΪŮӸеֶûУ
ſأ
һߡ
ѸϽϣ׷˼̲סԹ磬ôʲôȵҰ
صһۣߵÿˣ
ôôûã߼·ܲˣǲˣ
ѾԼԩˡ
䰡
Ƕߵ̫죬ϣ
϶ǵˣôＱȥأ
ϣ
ǵδϱ
ʲô˼ģ
Ѱ︹̣ѾϽ˹ȥææ˳
ȥ֮ǰԸ򣺡ȥжˣ
ʶޣȳܳȥź֪طӦ
ȵȣжˣ
ȥʲô
ѵλ
ûҲ
һ±ƣʣ
ֻĬĬ¼ĥţԺöϵ˰ͽ
뵽ͻȻʶԾ
£ոս˵жˣ
ԡλжˣ
˭ɵǣ
չﲻǰűƽ˽ˮӣж
ǡҪɣ
˻
𾪵س˿ͻȻԼҪĴ£
¶ˣʵǳİɣ
δˣò˵߸ѵ߸ҲŪ
˭ɵģ
öĳ𰡣
ǴĲɻ飬Ӿ
뵽ͻȻȥˡ
ųѷ
õؿųѣѵҿ˵ԽԽûˣȥԺǵÿһʱ
ɫ䣬˫۾ؿ磬ÿŬˣټˡ
ô죬ÿһʱҪ
ʲô̬ȣ㲻Ը⣿ɫһѵܵܣ㻹ǵǵô
캮ضʱ򶼻ڴ̣͢ĴƵòӣڲŹ˼ĺӣˣ
ѱùѪͷ̲סСƱƣ磬ò߳ŭɣɩӵĶֲµġ
ɫһܿŭڸ˵ǣʲôľ仰˵ˣ˵ˣڻɩӣʲôӣ
Ѱĵ׷˸ۣ˵Ҹôƺ
ʶ˵Ӧá
˵ͻȻӦϽ˿ڣ˭˵ˣ˵£
ÿһʱˣҪǸӽ쿪ʼÿ쵽˲ܻȥ
һ⻰ʱشҪ֪˸磬ڽˣͲȥˡ
ÿ
ô͵
Ҳ̫ˣǵɩӣȻϣ

ôôҪĸ磡
ߣסˡ
ԺɩӹţǵøɩӸ״ɣ
ѰؼƻԼĸơ
һߣһ뿪Ѿһ·ۣ
ģٶҪȳ̺ͳѿöࡣ
ſڣҴ塣
һ·ɱŵ˾Ժ߿Ժž˽ȥ
ԺѾվˡ
ﷲǸȽ˶ˡ
һҺһңϢҲ˹
˸ս¶ҪĴ£
Ϊݣ⣿
ʱ˶ΪսѾжˣһ·ϽòС
ԺһսúõģڳԲأ
ǲر㣬˵òϼصġ
˿һһ㶵ġ
ĵĻս֪սδж˶˿
Ȼ˭Ҳû뿪
Ƕ֪ô¡
Ϊʲô˸ս¶
ʱԺ˸ࡣ
һ۾Ϳ˶񣬸Ͻ˹ȥ壬˵жˣôˣ
һۣ˵û£ζ̫壬ЩŹ֣ûȥ
˵ģѾȥ̫ҽ̫ҽܿ͵ˡ
褶ʱ˿˵¡ǳλȥġ
-

71 ж7

褵Ļٴζһۡ
Ȼ˱صȥ˽䡣
С˵ҺҲôµģΣ¶޹ۡ
̾˿λѾδޣ;̫졣񱦶ɼǰδؾǱġ
̾ϧѾͻ飬ռǿּӣԱµƢǡ
褳ĬãͻȻȭͷҧ˵Ҳؿűӣ
֮ǰˮȥˣò׼һֱ¶
ñȡͻ飬Щǲưոݣ֣
ʱˣǸôǺã
ܿ˵ռѾڷ˼⣬ʱñȡͻ飬һŭռҶܡ
ڱ¶֪£Ȼ˳顣
Ǳµ֪岻ãȡŻ£λ䡣
֮⣬üͷ
ʵ˼ǣñװ
磺һպôף岻õȥպҪ÷ɾˡ
˭֪ȴ˵ãѵټһ÷Σһӣ
εضһۣûȰ
Ƕ֪褵ƢοסսСǹؼ
Ժ޲ȥΣ
ܱȱ˺ǿ
̾˿ȻѾˣǾȥɣһҪסٳˡ
褵ļ磬˵ҿλȷʲô䡣
Ѿδޣ񱦶Ҳ㱻ˡˣȢʲôϱ
⣬ҪͻȻ˸磡
͵һᣬҪǷӦ죬ˤȥˡ
Ҫɾͳˡ
ѸסΣ뵽ոյľһĻȻе¡
ۿ³ĵطҪ˵ļƣŵóһض㣬±̸Ǩŭˡ
˭ֻ֪Ƴһۣת󸽴ȥ
ƺ󣬸û˸š
ŷתܣһ·ɱűȥˡ
һ̽ȥˣϽҲ˽ȥһһߺɣôĵģ
⻰ҲЩ졣
·ϣѾսжĿܡ
󣬾Ȼһû
ѵ˵˻û
ҲԣҪˣʲô̫ҽ
϶˻ţ
ǸˡЦʱõþ͸һȻ˶
˭
ϴ
ϴȻظ˵㣬ûôĺݡ
ѵǰ
뵽ܣɫԽԽѿ
·ɣ°ˮһɢֱԺķȥ
յţõϢĹܼҸ˹һϻ̳ϿֵڴǰС˼λү
λүСȥǰµȴСѾȥ븮ӣӺܿ
ɫһ˵ҹ˶ˣ
ֻܼɽѹŵûֱð亹үĻȻ˸¶ãҷˣδж
۾
ʱһתһѽƿ˵ûжûж˭֪ǲѣҪ˭Ҹɩ¶
˵͵سʹ˸ɫ磬Ͻȥ
Ҳ֪ûп̧Ⱦߣ߱˵Ҳ뿴˭ıӵñٴαϿ֮
ѼȻȥˣһЦϽȥ
ҲҪȥ֣
Ȼ˸Ҷ¶ҪһŭΪ
ѽóûɩӳʲôģ
˵Ǹء
ߵü졣
ȻǵһԺ⵶Աߴ·ȫõĻߴط
Ǵȥʱ褵ѾϢȫɫ
̺ͳѾȻˣ
ԥһ£Ƕλ屧ȭ˵ȥһˣкλүҽȥá
Ȼܾ
Ȼǲзϣһȣһ֣·Щ
˭Ҳû뵽̺ͳѻֱӴԺ
߳Ժû߶ԶͿ˴󲽶λү
ɫ䣬Ͻӭȥ
λү
λү
һ񣬴ûס̺ͳѵȥ·
̺ͳѵֶ൱ΪзϵԵʣ
Ǹһ񣬳̺ͳѾ׾ٵƿǣԺȥ
ʧɫϽת׷˹ȥҪ
λүǰŮ񲻺ϡ
-

72 ж8

̽Ųһ٣ȴûлͷֻ˵˵չ˶
¹ر⣿
ǷжҪԿȷ
˵Ժȥ
Ѿ̫ˣǳЦЦλõģֻǵδİΣûð˼
Ѿ߳üԶĳ⻰͵ػعͷ˳һۣУ
˲飬Ͻȥ磬Ҹոڰͣûб˼ոôףɩҪ֪˶಻ã
˵ˣɩӣ˵˵ʲô
˭֪Ůܻܲ飿
ϴˮŹȥ죿
Ȼͱ˶ûã
۸޷ʱͦס
뵽ս޴޷ʱ׺ݾ̲üͷ޷ûá
ϧ޷治֪ȻƵÿޡ
ôûˣ
ûүº
ԺսһȺΧţͷˡ
̫̫۾ض
ǵϢææظ
Χסˡ
һ۰Ͱ͵ض·һգûˡ
һ⡣
һ˵翴⣬ȴûΪǿùѪͷ
ս֪̫Լ÷ֻͷװȡ
˵˵ʲôã
褻ȻѾ⣬Ϊʲôƽץֱʣ
ʲôݣõԼգ
սͷѵѾ֪Լˡ
ִ˵Խ˹һֱװŰ衣
ĺܶûĹ
ﵱʱЩ飬ʲôû
ֱܲӰץʡ
һأ
ȻôȻû⡣
İ취̫ݺðա
սҧԼüסѵ
ýûʳ¶
´أ
Ȼ˶˭Ҳûǰڳʳҩ
潴֮ģֽܹŵĵط̫ˣ
սĬĬʡ
ۿ褻м˵ȥ˼Ͻס褵ֱ~˵~֪~Ժ󲻻ٷ~
˵ս˵ȥˣ̫ˣƤˣ
ȴͻȻɰͰ͵˵㡭֪ˣ
սϽ˵ģҾ֪ˣ϶ٷˣ
̴߽ʱ򣬿ľһĻ
ۿսȻץ褵ֱ۲ţ˶쿿ˣɫ࣬ͻȻ˵ǧ
һ͵ŤͷȥȻ˽ʶսһƣŲһŲ嵲ס
Ȼһ񣺡ְ£
ۿԼ͵ս˵˶
ȷˣʳг˶
ó֮òʶ⡣
ֻ̫ҽδְҲ֪þ˺ֶҩ
սȵؿҵĸ磡Ǹģѻ˵ģ
ҪԼûжˣ
ɫһ䣬սжˣ
褶ʱս˵ʵ
ŵؿսֻüͷƺʮܣȴǿ͡
ɫˣ
ģ˶
ŵòΪжˣž˵Ů¡
صµĻŮֻһڣζŹ֡
֮һֱֻ̫ǲ֪ʲô
ţû˵ѡ
ȷʵһڣֻûȥֱˡ
һһֱ
ڲ֪ʲô
Ȼ֪ˣûж
սʹࡱüͷû̡
ϴڲ¥Ѿˡ
̵ʱڶ¥ӸµģһرǷᡣ
ڿǷˡ
սѳ̴ͷţЩֱĻġ
ϧ⻰ʣԺҪ޹ȥͺòҡ
Ψһҵǣھ̱ɱ˵жʮꡣ
еʱ·
˳췴ĻͺȥĴ½
սɿﲦֱ̣񿴵óëȻ
Σյۣսʹѹ֣ߡ
ûϹأ͸Ϸƭ
ȻǸŮˣ
ʲô
÷ʣӢ䲻Ҳֱӵشɣ
ܲ㣡
̣ͻȻսĿһת
õšü˳ս񿴹ȥǳѡ
ʱüͷɱӬ
ʲô
δ
Ȼҵ棬޼ɵȥˣ
̿ڣ¶ĳأ
Ҫڣս˵صµĻѾץŮʼ仰ȥٸ
̳ع𴽽ǣȥٸ
ݰ㣡
-

73 Ҫ1

սһ޹ظӣ·𿴲ڳʲô
ֱ׳˵ռҿط˼ң˽̣˵¡
ﷸ˰Ȼ͹ٸܲ˽̡
Цһԭˡ

ִ
Ǹġ
£˽´
ȻֵԽԽã
һЦҲ˭¶
սһ⻰ζü
Ȼʷϼصò̾ͲǸƲ磡
ûʷˣѾȸ¶ԡָʹ
ָܺʹ
Ȼĵˣ
һ϶ֵø
ʲô̿ҲҪ¡
ȻˣǾˡ
̶Ѿ˽ٶ֣˵ᱻץסСӡ
սԼС̣ͻȻֱس
ȴһ㲻£΢΢һЦɡ
һ¶أҪʣ
ʣһ⻰˵λүƲ
Ƴսһۣתߡ
Ӱɴ࣬·һҲ
翴硣
ģɲǶԱĵġ
Ժ󱦶޹ȥҪܿˣ
ʶսȥġ
˭֪սЦеģȻûʶ̬⡣
ġ
ұôôûûѽ
òǻûϰɣ
Ҫñ۸
У뷨ӣñ޹ȥ
ʱѾ߳ݵĳ̺ɵؿ˿Χ
֣ôͻȻЩĪΣУ
ѲɣҪд̣
̶ʱ
˰ӷ£ó̺ͳ
Ȼ˰ѳѺ˳
ϥһߣ͡顱һ˵ϡ
ȻûѩȴøƵģӲ
һŮӣϥײڵϣֻô̹ǵۣ˲ܲˡ
ʱʮǱͷģ·Ҳбץĺۼ
˭죬ץʱƴŪ⸱ģ
º˶أͣ
ؿҪʣͻȻ
ͷһս˳
̲üͷͷô䣬˷磬Ҳ
Ȼ褲ͬ˵ʲô
ң岻ͱˣȥžǣ
սЦЦΪʲôҪ¶
褻Ҫ˵Ϳ缱ҴŶ˳սϡ
ƽ˰ӣº󣬶รϵ档
ս£ů¯
εؿ磺ô
ҲŹĳǮϣϴ㲻
޵ˣ˹ѣȥˣҵڵҸ·
ҿ࣬йţ໴ĶҪ
ֿղ˸һ˾Ժ
ÿ¸ˣҲģֻҪò£ùԺúȺá
ôҵģȻ¶
ʱҺ̫̫ڣ
ʱ¶Ƕʲô
Բ˵
ﶶøˣѹͲ̧ͷˡ
ĻɫԽ
޵ľǳֶ𱨵ı֮ˣ
˵ȥĹźͶӴ
ָֽƬҩǴϺѳģȻ˵ǾҲ
Ҫ˲ˣӲҪūҲȲѰ
˵ˣūҪǲôǾҪС
ū澾һҪûˣūԺô
޵˻ߣȻ޶֮ɫ
ֻںԼˣ˵ʲôϵ
Ҫǳ̺ͳսҲţһַ
ӽСǸ֡
һЦͻȻŸʲôȥ˴
ŵóæ̧ͷֵؿ硣
֪Կˣ
С޹ģɣūˣ
ȴ޹ѵŮͻ
Ҹ㣬ǶŮһͷ˿Ȳϣ
׻̱ڵأɵ㶵ؿ
սüͷһ壬óӣа꣺ղ˵˭
˵Ǹˣӡ
һ⻰ͻȻץס˾ݣعĻūҲ֪˭
ū澽˵ʱͻȻūһֻͷЬӡ
ūһһ߷ģūһ۾ϳˣСĻͷЬ
-

74 Ҫ2

£սȴδݣֻۿأΪһֻЬӣ˶ԷĻ
Ȼǣū޴
Ｄ˵ū澵ʱ̧ͷ˭вū澣˵ū̧ͷҲС
ūû취ֻ˵ꡣ
ߺū澲Ÿ̧ͷһۣϧʱ˶࣬ūʲôҲû
ūֵСİΣֻѸٻ˼ңȻСˣ
˵޵ȫ˳ū澣ū澲Ҫģ
ֻ֪˶
ǲǶѸٷ˵ˣֻҩǳҲֻӣд󰭵ģ
ǶҩǸūĵӣūҲģ
˵ѣսЦһ϶֪Ƕҩ
˿϶˵ˣҩԲˣֻζЩ塣
㿴֪ⶫ̼ζٺͳθǸûᡣ
Թڽ綯֣ҩ
ãҳ϶ĹŹ֡
ʲôõķӦҲƵ档
ֻҪҳҩ˾˽ԾȻĶӡ
˵öǮϡ
ĻŵսսӶͣ
û뵽սȻȫ˳
֮£ѿڶô֪
˵ͺˣ˲ҧأ޲ԼոʲôҲû˵
Ҳ¶ˡսؿųû뵽ھԺôãȻǸ
һ˶Ѿٲ
ֻҪ¶¶Ķӻܻ
ãûб֣¶¾ͻΪİѱ
ãԷӴ˷Źźõӣӻ
ڷֶʧٺ󣬻صֱӸĸףܾȳӡ
񡭡ֻʣһ·ˣ֪ȫ˵ܹץˣܾӡ
ﾪŲѣһӻоȣϽԼ֪ȫ˵˳
սޱţȻǸ
֪Ǹ֮⣬ȻҲûб
ս󣬼Ҳ˵Ķ㳹û£ߡ
ŵȣҪġ
ֻǻûͱһ˳ȥ
սȵؿ̣û뵽ͻȻ֡
һۣ㵹ǱȱΪĸЩ
ղЩɲ˭ܹ뵽ġ
ս˶Ȼܹ侲ط˵ѣ㹻侲
ŰԻƿǿ˲١
һЩž˼ˡ
Ϊ˵ǲ١
սüͷԥҪҪȥ˭֪ͻȻƽЦ˵ͻȻЩڴˡ
ս
𾪵صԲ۾ˣѾ˻ȥ
ٿˣȻʲôûģ
·ղŵһȫĴ
սҧ͵͵˳һۡ
쵰ղڵϷ
˵õĲŮɫƶ䣬褹ϵǳأ
ǣˣ
ս̲ס褿ȥĿɬ
ܳ仹Ǽٶ䣬Ȼ褳磬Ⱦָ褣
褶սĪëȻ
ɵؿսЩ⡣
ô£
Ϊʲôսе£
ڣսָܿ
˿
ǡʱ̫ҽˡ
̫ҽԺһ˵ս¶ŵһû
սһ·Ϲġ
˭֪һԺͿ˳̺ͳѡ
̫ҽŵһ񾭶ˣ
ģ
ͽȻڣ
ѵ˵սж£
ˡ
սҪǱõɣ
̫ҽŵĸҲ˫һȥ
սһ
̲סſڣ̫ҽû°ɣ
̫ҽһ±Ƶ̧ͷ
սʱΪԼΡ
ף
ⲻչ
̫ҽ±һ˲عսѽ
˫һĿƵؿսչûж
ǧҪûУ
ɶˣ
ս˵ҾͲˣҪͷ̫ҽæ
̫ҽһ⻰һ˲
Ͻսžͷ鸡Ȼй֢֮
֮ǰսˮͼΪڱˮݹ¹ë
ϴΰʱսƺòûгֹ
ͻȻ˹֢֮ѵжԵʣ
һԵ褼أ̡⡱һ
ŵʵ̫ҽǿʲôеĵʲô
⡭̫ҽѾ˲²⣬ȴ˵ѳҩĳҪٿȷ
-

75 Ҫ3

һ̫ҽı飬ֺܲõԤС
óѳҩ̫ҽ顣
̫ҽҵӹҩͼ
ʱ͵͵սȥ˽䣬Сжˣ㲻Ǹ˵û𣿡
սɿƳΧ̺ͳûԶС˵װġ
褣
ȻͻȻӦСͺã˵ˣС
뵽̺ͳѶڣ褾ͺˡ
ʱʵġ
Ҳ֪ûʲô
͵͵̺ͳѿȥֻ̫ҽ˿
ڹע̫ҽҩӦʲôûɣ
ôһţȴһǳؼ⡪սôװģ
̫ҽô̫ҽҪƭɲף
ϧѹû
褵֪սûжʯͷ˵ء
Խȥ̫ҽǱߣһ˫۾ֱضţ뿴̫ҽܹʲô
Ҫҩ﾿ʲôҩȻ̫ҽ˽ţ
̫ҽǳ˺һŵó˽ۡ
ֻǸȴ̫˵
褿ĥĥģʱͷˣ̫ҽɷ˵˵浽ʲôҩҩô°ɣ
̫ҽһͷԥŲ֪ô˵
£Ҳͷˣشߴ٣̫ҽ㵹ǿ˵ôãòʲôûɣ
Ҳ˵Ҳ֪浽ʲôҩ
̫ҽﻢ£ȲҵĺǧҵѺͳү
ֻܿ˵ҩǺ֮Ůӳ֮󣬻ᵼ¸ба
̺ͳһʱüͷ
褸ɫࡣ
¶˵Ǻúݵģ
ȻĶҩ
ûȥǳˣԺǡ
褵ɫԽԽڣȭͷյáǡ졣
սһҪɱ˵ļƣϽס磬侲㣬ǧ嶯
һ褳嶯֮°ѳɱˣ¿ɾͲճˡ
Ļ侲ģû¡
ҪҳĻ֮˸ñ嶯£
ս侲˿ȴһ¡
ǵãʷϵĽΪһֱӣڻھ꣬ϵݡ
ϵʱ򣬸պǲеʱ
ϵĵڰ˸£λɹһӡ
λĸƾӹ󣬳˽
棬᲻ʲô⣿
ѲɣλҲ˶
гѣҲж˰ɣ
ȻôỨ˾ʱ䣬һӣ
ս̲סѿȥӵ񣬿óëȻ
̲񣬶ʱһá
ôֶųѿ
һŮӸеֶûУ
˵ˣʲôÿģ
ÿ
û۹Ůˣ
սںɣͻȻΧе䡣
±Ƶؿ˿Χ˲䷢ֳˬص
񣬷·ʲôʮһ
ս˲Щ顣
ô£
ѵ̷װжˣ
̲ס˶㣬룬˵ȻĶҩʲôˣȻҪңѵʧȥΪʸ񣿡
һ̽ŵس̿ȥǨŭս
սӣҪֹ˵ȥ˵ˡ
սȴ˵磬Һ¡Ҫҳ֮ò᲻ʲô֪
ҿҽ˵ŮӶй֢֮ҽûз⣬պ֢֮ҲΪˮĺ֢
˭ҪңֶΣ˶ʲôô
ģһĻ֣װ
磬㻹Ǳˣֻ£ĻֲܹԸġԸҴͻ飬˶޼ɵضҶ֣򵥣
ֻǲ֪˵ֻһˣҲˡ̫ѾУûµģڽ
˵Ѿͼʲô˼㻳ɱҲ˶
սŵö㵽󣺡£ҸոֻǺ˵˵ǧ档
ȴˡ
ǧ棿
ôܣ
սΪʲôýҲ˶
սȴϣ£ҿû˵Ҳ˶Ҹոֻǲ²⡣
ƽյ˲࣬Щܲڵ쵽Ķôˣݿ϶һ㡣
ԷȻҸ¶δؾͲҸ¶ֻҲԲŻд˲²⡣
ҼǵãºѾ꣬ûʲôϢǽ⣬ѵǽ¡
Ѷʱˣû⣡
-

76 Ҫ4

սһɣŵö㵽
˳ˡ
ᵽʵð˵յġ
ôһ˵Ҳûֱ˵϶˶̺ͳܲɣ
ҲЩͬڻŮ䣬ԲŹ
Ͼʷչھ֮ñϡ
Ŵִ顣
ŮؽڣɷҪô֮ȥҪô̷ţŮ
Ҫļеġ
ر˼ңԸöϱļޡ
Ȼֻһӻѣɱѳ
޵ǻңļ޸ˡ
οŴø⿴أӣʼԸˣҲûȢѽ
Ľֻ֣ڽԺա
ս˵ûмȴҲĺúһŮӣıҽ֡
ʹŵᣬŰһѡ
ᣬ϶ҪȾ֮ǿöࡣ
ʲôëҲܴڿʼ
ʱ䣬еϣ
һս㵽󣬻ΪԼˣЩ顣
ʶ˳һɫãʱˣϽ͵磬ҿû۸
̲мһ
ŵóѴ˸¡
ȴ˵ղŵĻȷЩѾɻ꣬񶼻ûʲôϢǸúúò顣⣬Ǿ⡣
Ҿû⣡ѸϽ˵ֻҪǸˣͲɣҿúܣ϶Ǵϵ⣡
˵ͼˡ
ʹϸոճɻ꣬͵ʱ
ֻҪ뵽пܱ˶ԶһֱûϢѾɱˡ
У̫ҽϽȥúø壡
˵žͰ̫ҽˡ
̫ҽĿɬȴҾֻܾȥ˽
һߣ̱Ҳ¶ĳ뿪
뿪֮ǰһսŵս١
ߺսĿ˳˳ĥţʱ񵽵ʲô˼
뻹ûĥȻ褾ʦң㵽ûг
ҵȻûˣĸʱڣʣһζԾ³ˡ
ս˵꣬Ͳõصһۣ㻹˵ͷǳ⣬ȻҪһǾ綾ô죿
սֱ׳ط޳Թģֲɵôž綾ǲ𣿡
ȴúۣҲܣ̫ðˣ´ҪٸŲҡ
սϽס֪ˣ´ˣСӡ
ǡŭصһۣ᲻ôֻǲĵؾո˵ģԺ׼ðˡ
սһɵظ֤úúãҸ㱣֤˰ɣԺԲðˣǵȻǲܵ~
ȻһŤͷͿ褡
غһȷŹ㣬ȳȥˣȻôʰ㣡
սһ⻰ʱͷˡ
ŶôˣխZҪ֪£϶Źģ
խZϴӣټϸڼ͸ϸһһֱͷĵܵǡ
խZӣҪ֪ðԶԲŹģ
УԾȣ
ˣǵխZϲ
ȻȥﳴζĻϺˡ
ϧʱɱţҪŪţͿɲס
ֻˡ
ս͵͵ĥϳԺͻˣ˿
ȴˣȻˣɶ嶼أ
ж
Χ߶һʱֲװΣһװΣΪжˡ
ʱխZء
ֻӲͷƤѵ͵͵ܰѶסˣﰵĥ̻ô
˸¶ǳųȥġ
ڳ˵Ϻðѱ
Ҫõúˣ϶ܻٺô
Ҫװˣ
ۺŻʺϴΪˮ£ʹ͡
Ϊ̱¶˵ǱǶӸˡ
ۺŻʺҪ֪ˣôҲٸʹͣʾɣ
ǮòˣҲ֪λлϴЩʲô
ϲֺҩˡ
ǧѽ
ȶѵˣսƽȥϢ
ĥţִ̻
ȻƽܿʹϢ
λǸ˼£
ųһ˵Źģ״
ǹرһ죬ʹˣ
ûб˿϶֪
ٹǿ϶Ǳŵˡ
´ر죬ƽȥʱǵİǶء
-

77 1

ƽСȰȵأ˵Ƶģûͷö˶˵أ
һ˵ݵ˵ܱ¹ˣ
λүһŹĸ״ǰûйأ
һ˵֮ǰˮ϶Ҳǳ¹Ҫ㣡
˵˳¹ӣҲǱأ
ս˵üɫ裬̲ס˸ۣǹĺҰɣ
أū˵Ķģ
ƽϲϣȴ飬Ǳս˵ˡ
սذڰ֣ˣȥʲô£ҡ
ƽ˲˷ˣǣūͳȥ
ϲ
ϲˣ
ƽȲҪȥͻȻʲô̲סʵ˵˭¶㰡᲻Ǹճµģ
ʲôȥϢʱս˵ı˵
սָ˵ĺҪǸͷ˵˵ҾͷгƬըˣȥ
ŵƽ˲Ұֵס죬°ͷ
ԶæµҲҰС͵͵սһۣرԹ
ǵģûôײء
ƽҪ죬Ųô˵ء
ⲻˬصƽıӰһۣ⣬ƽôʰѾͷ

ʹ
˫ͽ
ֱֻͦͦعţϵıʮֲ
ۿԽǡǿǺģǿ޵ĺöӣŹĶãõ𣿡
Ҳӵŭһ⻰̲סСǹİǶõ
СȻʱţһڣ۾ˡ
ץ豭˳ǰŭ㻹˵ʲôݣ²ֱӸ˵ǵȥǵŹģǸõ𣿡
˵ӸôŹģǸ˸״õġ
еүȥõŹĸ״ģ
״ף
û˹Źţǽ
ǵȥŹģǶ֪
۾ã˶Ӹˣ
ԽԽۿ˶ӻǶһ֪ڸĵģ̲סʵ̫أôû
ղžȥ̫ӣʱ䶼ȥôˣ̫ӾȻû
ٶҲ̫ˣ
Ѳǹģ
ۣ뵽˸սԼ¶ϴʹ졣
̫һֱû̲סɵ̫ͷϡ
ֻ뵽̫ƽյӣ־Ӧ˵顣
׻˭أ
ѵǡ
ͻȻ뵽һܣɫ˲øѿˡ
λòôҲܹ
ʱǸʵ۵ĺֶƣǱһĸͬ׵ܵܣֱһܵܡ
ȻȲصس֣Ҫץ
ƤҪװɵˣСӻϷŹ
Ȳü֮£ֻһݣ˸ࡣ
ȻѵҪԴУǻƿС׸
˭֪ȻôãȻɹˣ
ֶܲסڹ˰ѻ
˵ԷˣʬյĿȫǣĵ˭Ҳû֪
ѲɣСӵʱû˸ѿǣ͵͵ܳȥˣ
ڻ͵͵Ķϱ¶ҪӾ
Ҳûпܡ
̫ǱҲΣա
Խ룬ɫԽѿ
ٿͷŵ˶ӣûôˡ
Ȼˣɵпԭ
Ҫ˸ôŻʺܰˡ
ôţԳ̺ͳѱûôˡ
ûһԼĲ
޺úùţǶĶû޵˭Ҳ׼
Ѿϥеʹ͵͵ŲŲնһ£ûз˲˹
ŵ̽Ӳ壬ҲҶˡ
Ҫڣ̫ӳˡ
һ޹
̫ӸϽ˽һ·СԱߣˡһˡ
̫֣ȥʱϵķ⻹˶
ֱ۾
̲ס˵ôʲôûһ̫ӵӣ
̫ͷʵѵĿɬ
Ҳô찡Ҳô
ô£δ˶־õĶҩ
˵׼ۻỳɵͷϡ
Ҫٲʵǻòͷˣ
ۿһֱͷⶼ˵̲סӵŭ
ʵ֪Ϊ𣿡
̫Ӵ˸£С˵·˵Źġ
-

78 2

һŹġ֣һݺݵ˳̺ͳһۡ
̫͵͵ƳһĻﻹʲô׵ģ
̲ס͵͵Թ˵ܵܣͬʱЩ벻ףôȥ˵Źġ
ѵǺȶ˷Ʒ裿
Ҳûζ
Ϻʹϱ¶ҲûҪŹİɣ
ǹõ
ֱӺܸ˵ˡ
̫ƣѾݺݵس˹
̫üͷһ壬Ҫ˵̫ӿ֪ҺͶΪʲô˵Źģ
̫һզ˵
žһ˵ڽ죬˸¶ǾõĹ㺮
̫һ⻰̡⡱һַǳõԤС
Ȼּ˵Ҳģ̫ҽ˳˲ϣҲⶾжʱ䳬˰꣡
˵ÿ¶ҽƽŮӶй֢֮ҽܷ֣Ҳֻǽԭеëж롣
ǽս˶ϣ̫ҽϸ󣬲ŷִϵȷ˶
ǣжʱ䳬ꡣ
ʱսûͻ飬ܲռҸµĶȻȵ׽
¶ģ϶ˡ
ѻɵģ̫ӳ
СͲһ棬Ǻͳ̵ĸԽá
ȫҾǻ󣬿Ϊ̫ӵȴǳί
Խ粻˳ˡ
ܾóǸö
̫һϾȻҲ˶ʱ䳬꣬һ˲ȥ
ոջ룬սж᲻ԵݵĿƣҲ˶Ͳôˡ
ǳ˵ܵȥģҪǾð
ƫƫ˵ܵܵ£Ψ̫С
ôһ
̫˲ã·һڳصĺڹԼͷϡ
ԩˣ
治İ
˵ܵܺܲ춼Ǵһ٣Ҳںľǵѽ
ôһĸͬ׵ܵܣôݣ
ؿ̫ӣʵ̫ӣ²İɣ
̫˲ҡҡ׹亹ʣԩ
һۣȻҲɹ̫ӣɺôԼӣ˽ﻹǾã̫Ӳˡ
³Ϊ̫ӣ˳ӳسй֮⣬ԸҲҪԭ
Ѿһأپ󶯵
壬Ժλ϶ó̺ͳѿһѹúܺãΪһʾ
ȴһ̫ݣǵ˻ʵۣܻܿ䣬Գº֡
һصԭ򣬳̫ˣΪ̫ӣպƿزס
޵ؿ˳һۣȻ͸˳һţ˶̫磡ôģ
ѱߵõڵϣίˣ˭
Լ룡ŭһԽԽķɴָͷ˵޹ȥͷţ
ίͰ͵ؿʣͷ䡣
ߣҲȥͷţ
ȴ˵¹ӣĸġ
ۣ
ųѣ뵽Żʺӣָֻһ۵Ľ䣺޹Ƕȥú˼
ƳһۣŽܱȥͷãʵ߹ȥš
̫Ӱ︹̣̫ҪˣȻĸ󵱷ӣ
Ȼ뵽Ϻʹ϶˶㷲
ԥһ£ɴ˵ʣ治Ƕġ
ٴһ֪㻹ûӡ
ʵ֪ûôĺݣֻǹûô˵
ó͸뷨
⻰ﰵ̾
Ҳò̫ģ̫ӣ˵ʵڲǺ¡
ƫƫʱۿˣ϶ô˵˭ģ
̳˵жȻϺʹϣȴԳŶġ
ϲζйŹ֣ᷢ˶¶ĳѳҩ
㺮ǴڽҩĻ֮˾򵥡
жû֣Ȼ롣
ɣҵΪ
û˵ǰ˵ҵô۵ӡ
ԣȻؿһۡ
ҵ̾һ¾ͽһ飬һҪҵ
̫Ӻͳһ̲סһۣ鶼ô
ţ˵Щء
̫ǣʻûȫŹ£Ź϶͹һ¡
룬ʹȻƫϴҹ⹹ݡ
תһ룬־Ҳ
˵ʣ¹ܣҲһ鰸
俴ŽӰһ׼ˣ̸޹ȥ£
ֵܹϹˡ
-

79 3

̫ӿ˵ܵܡ
տȥѾһݺݵصһۣʲô
̫ӣ

Ȼֵһ𳹲£Ҹط˵˵ⰸӣ
û˵ûʲôá
á̴ȥɣǱ߱˵
ҪǾ䣬üЦúúãȥ
˵ֵѾþûһ߹ˡϴò᲻Ըɣ
̫ӣ
֪
ˣ
̫ҧðֵúߣ
ǻòֽ˵ϴ㵽ва˵ʱۻˣ˵ҺͶ㡣
Ǻǣû£ϲߣ
ǿɲڹ
ˣ֪߲̫·ô˵
Ǹˣ϶Ǹ
̫ˣ
ߣ
߻ȥ
ͲԼˣ
̫ߣû߼;ˡ
Ͻҧסأװµӣ³̺ͳѷ֡
̺ͳƵߣһд⣬̫һơ
ѻ̼ϴôôǲǲˣ
̫ӣ
Цô᣿ֻǾ·ЩȽϺá
ѳƳ˫ȣЦֻҲǣӣЩ߱ȽϺáһҪˤˣָùҺͶˡ
̫Цһˣ֪Ц
ѻҪЦ̾صһֻۣñ졣
̾꣬·ûз̫ӵĲʼ̫˵ã¶Ļֻ˭أ
̫Ӿ˫ԽԽˣرأƵġ
ӣ̴˸飬ǿ˵㲻ǻҵ𣿡
ζؿһۣΪأ
̫ӲлʱͷƤˡ
ʲôΪأ
϶ڻ¶
ʲôû
ԩ
Ųţ¾Բǹģ
⻰˵ҧгݣҪвйһ
ȴһֻ֪ϺͶɩ¶̫ǺúõģС
˵̫ӣҵ֣óµģѵ̫ɱȶɩʹҪˡ
̫˲ͷˣͬʱַǳʲô˼ϣ̫
ôɩӣУͲõģ
ȴЦһֻ֪˶Ⱳ˵ҲУ
ôһȻ˺ˣһҪҳ֣𣡡
̫ӱеĺŵ͵һģۿžҪˤ
ڳۼ⣬ַס
ֵ˵̺ͻԶ̫ӵ˼Ҳ
Ҫǳ̰˰֣̫Ѿˤˡ
мؿ˳һۣ˵϶Ȼˣôеġ
˭֪ͻȻ˵ǱδŵȴΪѣܵΪָ
̫ͷƤըˣ
𾪵صų̣ʣ϶ʲô
ͻȻЦʲô˼Ҫҳ¶Ļ֣Ϻָ
̫ӣǺǣ
뵽ЩֶΣһ󲻰̲ס֣ץס˳̵󣺡ҲĻ֣̫޹ģźӣɲ
ᳰʲô˼ֻĻֶѣֻҪ̫޹ģᶯ
̫ӸϽ˵Ȼ޹ģ
̫ǸŮˣѶþʮƽ⣬ǸѵõĺŮˡ
˷˴᲻̫¶йأ
ͻȻЦǵãˮ̫˽˳빬棬Ǻô磡
ʲô̫Ӵ󾪣֪̫˳빬ȥ棬Ͳˣʱȥˣ
ֻ֪̫˸˶
ôôͱɾˣ
϶Īں˵˵
ǲţȻ˶˽ʱô˵ģ
̳ؿ̫ӣȺţֽ˵˵տǿڿ˵̫˼Ϻͳֻ֮ᡣ
̫ʳԳĲˣ빬ϻᡣ
ǣǺһᣡ
ã֮𣿡
̫ģؿų̣ҪǸ˵ᣬܰӽĳ
ڵҪ
Ҫ¶İӣ
Ҫʦϳͷѽ
˵ʲôëⶼȥˣôͻȻϳͷˣ
-

80 4

Ϻͳ֮
̫˵ᣡ
۶Թˣʹʾ˼Ǻ
̫Ӳ̫Щ뵽̫źӣҲͿ๦ߣֻĬĬˡ
̫ҧ˵¡ɩӿǲܣ´Ǹһ
ȴ˵ȻδţɺôǱδޡУ۸δŵĵãа̫ӣ
⻰˵ˣֱӳƺ̫Ϊϡûɴɩ
̫ӱܵظеãó̹ˡ
ƫƫ˵ûֻܼҧ˵һǽﲻףԸǸ
ҵǸͲˣ۸ϣҪǸҲϵǸ
˵ͻȻһתУǸ»ǵ˺˵ɡиʲôʧǳҺϵĴ
̫һ⻰ʱŭڣ϶ʲôǣ޹ģ
뵽ȥˣѵڴĹ֮ˣŮ˶ĺӶϷŹοĺӱҵֶֶ֣
̫ȻǺȴ־⻰Щ
϶Ȼ˵㣬ȴǵɥĲ顣
οʺĸ󶼻أҪҶԽ϶ĺ¶֣ʺĸ˺ǡ
ôһ룬̫Ӳ˿
˭֪ɿ˵ͨˣ
̫ӶʱЩ˼
ոǹңȻΪ϶ҪԽ϶ĺ֣˵˳
ԵСƵġ
ȣղˡ̫ӳĵǸ¡Ҳˣ϶Ҫǻ⣬ʲôҪĿֱ˵
һЦЦȻ綼ǸˣܵܵģȻƽϡ
˵˶٣һתϺʹϱ¶ȴǸ󰸣Ļ˵ǵѵҵ볹С
̫һ˵£ֵû˻⣺ǵó顣
룬ʵˣϺʹϵĶ̫ҽвȵİ취
һ˵ѵɫٴκˡ
̫ӣǴ˱һ̫ҽ˵ˣⶾȻҪ˵ȴӡ
ⶾûнҩֻҩãлᣬãǴⱲӶ
̫һͻȻóġ
ֻ˼
ųѣɫãȴûЩͬˡ
̫ɻʱҲ㳤Ϊˣ̫֪޼ǵˡ
ʹϳɻŰ꣬͵ʱ
ƫƫʱ򣬲˶Ժܿ޷á
ⶾûнҩֻ
ãµһҲ
ΪӣӴĶ
Ҫһֱλӣֻܻˡ
ȻܲòӵӰɣ
ֿ̫̣ԥһ£̲ס˵˶϶ôģ
սȻ˶üѣѡûǻһ
Ȼ޹ԺȻǱϵ
粻ޣһֱռңӷЩ
̫ôģȴֱ˵˳̡
Ȼʲôû˵أ̵ɫѾȥ
̫һ̱ɫͰá
Ȼû˵ʲôȣѾˡ
õ˵жᣬǲǰءСϰգҪѰŮӸЩ軻ˡ
ô˵ŵʱ򣬳̲ս޴޷棬װһĻĻ̲סǡ
ŲţǸƻŮ˵˶
ôжģ
ѵǳģ
ֻζйŹ֣Ͳµ˶һܹĳ̶ȣ
˵ϻʲô֪ܣ
ŮԽԽ˼ˡ
װѲΪ˻飿
ǣƫˣ
ˣҪǸŮȢţˣʲôĻУ
ôţǲЦζ
պÿһĻ̫ӣ
ͷƤҪըˡ
һֱ
еľϱ졣
ô£
϶ڷʲô裿
ողǻ
ôͻȻЦˣ
Цʲô
ѵ뵽ʲôӣҪ
̫ԽԽ衣
Ե̻عʱ򣬾ͷ̫ص
˲±ƣϴڷʲô裿
һĸֵͬܣ뵽һȥˡ
ϧ˭öԷ⣬ȴҲվӿԼʲôС
-

81 5

̫Ӿų̣ܾóû¡
һֱû̽뿴̵ʲô㡣
ʲôҲû̻̽Цøˣһë
ûã̫Ӿ;ᣬһ˫Ⱦ͸ǦƵģԽԽء
̫ԽԽ˫ȻʼΡ
̺ͳѼˣЩֻ
ֵ̱úܵû˼¶ϡ
ȴزס˼һ̫·Σ̲ס٩ˣϴ˶ãôͲˣƽ̫࣬ۻ˰ɣ
̫⻰ܾЩԾ־Լˣ˵ҵʵá
ϴô˵ɾͲˡ㿴㣬˼·۳ɲѽ
˵ţ̫ӵļ򣬡ΪûһǿôУ̫Ѿˣϴ㻹Ǳ̫ˡ
̫һ⻰˲Ҫѳѱһٵĳ嶯
ով;ǻе㲻ԾΪԼˣԭģ
ˣȻȻڹ컯֮£͸˵ֻ˻
ͣ
̫Уһֱ˼̫
ο϶һֱˣﻹ˼顣
̫߳ŭص˳һۣסڣٺ˵
ƽʱǸӣô
̶һ£汻ˣϽؿ˳һۣܣĪҪ˵
̫ӵĻֻǲмط˸ۡ
ȻһڣʵˣŶ
̫ӿһơ
ˣ
ʵ߲ˣҲΪ˵ܼܵΪԼͳ֣ǹ
˶ξĵط˸̧żߣಽظš
̫һ֣Ǿ׼СŹȥ
˭֪˱ܵø죡
üͷһ壬ʶһۣȻһ
ոܹȥģȻǱߵ
ֻһ·С̫ǰ˵ʲôţλµɫˣ
żߵļ̿һĻоЩ㷲
ǳʲôˣ
ȴλ˵֮󣬱ת˻
Ȼ󲽴˹ȥ
̶˶죬˭Ҳûʡ
ֻؿȥ
ֳ̫˿ȥ˵ɫѿ
Щ棬˵ʲô
ЩԶʲôû
ͬʱ̫ߡ
ѾСԹôģȻ붫ɲ
̫̲סһۣСӶ֪߻ȥã
̾ؿųѣ˵ȻѾǾɡ
ɵСӣ鶼ôˣǶ˵˵
뱻лȥŹ
ʿ϶˶ǣǸǽѵأ
һ󣬳ǰ̫ӵĸ첲
Ĳ⣬ôˣֻ߹̫ӵһ߸첲
Ȼֵһ̫ǰߡ
̫ӽŵҪ
ܾ˵ܻܵڵϣ
̫ˣȻ϶ض
ĥ˭أ
϶ܣҲܰ
ʾǿ˳ۣǣ
̫ԽԽڣ֪Ͳ϶ģֱ߻ȥˡ
ںˣ
ù϶϶Ҳù
ߣ
øţ

̫Ź⴫Ϣ¯
սǺ˵
¶黹ͽ֪ˡ
ĶȻ˵Źģ
޷죡
ֵô󣬱Ҳ֪ˣǻ顣
¯ůڵģɢ¶ȡ
̫ȴǾûһ䡣
ǲ鵽ͷϣˣ
ܻţ
ﻹС̫
ֻҪС̫ڣ鵽ңҲһ档
̫ʶס˶ӣҵ齥
ʱͻȻСŽﲻˣͽ̫ˣ
ʲôôˣ̫ŵһ¯͵˳ȥڵϹԶ
¯һ̫ʱ˫ֱ
ԽԽš
ͽȻ˶
ô
ѵ֪ʲôʦˣ
λүˣʲô
һԵͻȻѵˣô£¿϶ǷԸʲôûʲôûŵģȥɡ
̫һʱȻ
ѽʲôأ
ǵ֪ʲô¿϶
ˡ
̫˰֣ǹ¡
˳ȥŽŵץסֵ֣֣˵Ϊʲô
ְ֣ﻹС̫أΪʲôܲǳġ
̫Ҫľ⻰֮žðЩ
-

82 6

ֵ̫ã˶ֵ˿
һ·ɰֵܻˡ
̺ͳѱϾרź˵ģ̫ûһͰѺƵġ
̫رԹ˺üء
ȻֻҪұԹ˵ܾܵ͸ܡ
̫˼νѵѧˣȫ̱ţٲұԹ
ò׵˶̫ӲžԼڻˡ
̺ͳҲܡ
̫ӳ֣˵ϰ֮ˣǷ̫ôԶ·Ǿᡣ
һ·ϻԷ̫ӸŪˣǸˡ
һֵɿ֣һȲطſ̫ӡ
̫ͻûˣ˵ܵһ֣˾͸Ƶ̱ȥ
ŵ̸Ͻ˹
ֵܺò׵鷿£Ѿһ֮
̫Ϣ̲סץ¯
̫Ӵͽ˶󣬾͹¡
ţûҲֵ֪ܵ˵Щʲô
ֲ̫ȥʣֻܰĻŵϢ
̫ӺãкΪء
ɱͽͿ̫ˡ
̫ĬĬοԼȴǵȵһĽ
˱ܡ
¼Ƽ㣬ֻܴµĳ񣬴ʱҲ֪սжϢ
֮ûţⲻ⽻ѾߣͷϢ
ͽŹģȫǶˣ˶۷׷ס
ʱĿ̫٣û¸ɣϲһİԡ
ô£ҸܷŹˡ
˭ʲô£Ǿ̫飬Ҫӵġ
ɳȥѾһܿ˸ָĴԡ
սͽ˶սȶȱȽϸߡ
ϾݲһѾ޸˽۵ʱ˼ɣ̸̫ࡣ
սͲһˡ
ֻǱ˻飬û
ֱ˶ܲ˳δ֪
̸Ȼ̸۽ȫöࡣ
οսǰòűˮ
ֿδޣ
Թעսرࡣ
֪᲻ᱻ˶ܼܲ
Ŀ֮Ҳøˡ
սͻûþˮ
һֱ˶
ֱǶֶѣ˶ⶣ
Ǳ˵ģ
۵˶ˣᵽ˳
˶ǵãϴսǱƽˮ
۸սʹͣȴ㣡
Ծıˣս¶Ҳǳɵġ
ƫƫô˵˾Ȼ١
һʼǺܶ࣬ɺ֪ôģԽԽô˵
ѾöˣԲԾϽܻȥˡ
һֱϢӳȣ֪ս˶Ȼ¡
ģʮ򶨡
Ѿ̶һԣ򶨣̲סЦãս˶һ㶼
˶ûϵʲôüģ
񴽽΢Цᡣ
̶ü۶Ц̲ס˵ܸˣ
̧ɨһۣԴ˵˶ʲôø˵ģ
ȷʵˣ飬ֱ׵˵
̶ǲأá
ţһŵس˽²ˣͷö˶˵սµĶ
һ⻰ָ
۵üͷһ壬ȴ˲ֱ֣ؿŵʵո˵ʲôͷڴҸսµĶ
æ˵ͷ񽹼ؿū澾²Ծ
սжʲôϵЩ˾Ȼ˵ģ񡭡ڹһ
˵»᲻սģװж㣿
øࡣ
֪˭ġ
һ㣬ܿ϶
ں
˹⴫ֻôͬʱ
ս¶
ôս¶
ôʲôô
ο룬Ҳ
˭
ȻҪô
ԽԽޣͻȻͷһ³Ѫ
̶һŵɫ䡣
ŵ˹ôѪѽ¸ûϵ޹ģǼ˵ˣ²ŵģ
ȻһЦ¶ȻţҵҲ׻ˡ
ˮǸ¶
ʲôԣ
鲻ģ²˽ûӻܺù
λĸˡ
ϴε£Ѿ
ս¶
ҿ˻飬޹ȥǲɫ
-

83 սķ1

ѪʱɺҲš
ҲͷϢòᡣ
ͬʱʮɻ
ɺüͷôӦð
Ѿ߲⣺˵ʲôӦð
ɺʶ˵Ӧʱ򱬳
Ѿ߸ɻˣ㵽˵ʲôʲôӦʱ򱬳
ɺһ⻰͵ػعʶԼո˵ʲôѸٱɫȥҪ֪ͷ˵ʲô
Ѿ߼ɫѿӦǡ㼱Ҵ˳ȥ
ȥ̲ס̾
ԴҹǰЩӲһغ˾ͱԽĥ͸ˡ
͸˸Ƶġ
ҡҡͷԼˣ´񣬳ȥ̽Ϣ
ȥ̽ϢɲҲȥ
ߺɺٴšüͷɻͽ
սȻ˶
ǣ˽жһ¡
һļƻ˵Ӱ졣
жŰ꣬жӦò˵̫ҽܽá
һпܻϺӣ
һ¶ӣ֮λˣ޶ҡĿܡ
ô
һֱӣԭжԵ
¶ˣ͸ս¶ˣѵͬһ
ǽȻ˶ôֵսʱ򣬾ͱˣ
Ѳɣս⣿
ˣսиѾߣƺЩҩ
ѵ˵⻹б涾ı£
ɺһʱ벻ͨԽˡ
һȥ̽ϢѾ߼Ҵҵظ˻һϢ
ͷö˶˵ǳĹսµĶ
ɺһˣһɺԣ½ôܻս¶жĻиأѵ½㻹˶
Ѿ߱׺ݵģһɫ˰ףɲūں˵ͷЩ˵ġūҲں˵˵˵øһ
𣿡ɺ⻰üͷøѲɣڹɢϢ
һд޵Ĺ˵սЩڣҲô˻ɵͷϡ
սжǳȥģ˲սá
ɾȴڴս¶
̫ˣ
˹ҥ
ҥˣҪôսҪô¶Ļ֡
սͳйڣ˵ûҥ
ĻҥĿԸЩ
ԷҥӦˮˮõϣóò鵽ͷϡ
뵽ܣɺе䣬׹ߵɭС
Ĳ²ǶԵģ¶Ļ֣п̫ϣ
Ͼ̫Ӳϲֵ̫ӣ۸ϲӡ
Ҳ˵̫ĵλȵ
ʷֲûбϵ̫ӣѾΪ̫ӣ˵׼۸˼ͷΪ̫ӡ
ǣûã̫ȴ˵ӣͲһˡ
̫УһۺŻʺϲ
̫ӵĵλʮȵ
Ϊ̫Ӻ˳ǻΪۡ
̫ϣƾӣһ˸λ˻ʺ󣬻˻̫̫̫
ɼֶκж
γҲİţ̫ˣ
ͽϵĹϵǺܲģǳ˶Ů׼ҡ
ǽܺݶƣʲô
ɺԽԽú£ͬʱԽᶨеĴ㡣

սҲͷϢ
ڷԴ
ս̫⣬Ȼ̫̫Ƕ壬
ǶжǸᣬ˵ܹѵ۵Ĵͻ飬װ
ս˵飬Ҳ˼
ƻˡ
ڣڲһˡ
ҵĸ
ǶĳӣռеԼƽʱӡ
Ǹ⣬ҵľ˾ˣȲϲҲϲ䣬ϲ⡣
ֻͻСʮ꣬һֱѹϰ飬ȥ⡣
Ϊսж⣬û˼٣ս
Ϊ͵˾ͲߣսС
սѾΣر졣
ĵڴϣŲߣŸС̲Ū˸⡣
¶Ļ֣Ѿ˲²⡣
⣬һƣ㱻Ҳţ֮
ʵڲġ
Ȼˣʲô
ܺùԼʹ졣
սЦЦ֣磬𣿡
-

84 սķ2

˵սߣȴҲûʲôֻĵؿ
սĻһ㶣ž;ʲô⣿һ㶼⣡
սδĴ̣װأ
ѱһƣ˵أߵ磬ҿɲڰͶ̽㡣ϻ⣬˵ɡ
循ȵؿЩŵץץĻ
ԥƬ̺СʵôͻȻҺϻˣ
ȱǮѽսֱ׳˵磬Ҷˣѵ׬㻨𣿡
ɫգգֽۣ˵磬㲻ǲϲҪҺϻ⣿Ҫǳɹˣ˵Ͳˡ
Ķˡ
뵽ΣûҴӦ
ȷʵϲ䣬ϲ⡣
ǹϲûð
˵ĵλɲߣֻ䣬п볯Ϊ١
̵ʱӣⱲӶû볯ΪٵĿܣǳӣҪǲŬһѣôԵ֮
ܵ뷨Ӹھɡ
뵽̾ĸ׺͵͵Ĩĸף;üϵĵҲرѹҪ
ȻǳĶǺľܾս飺ǹңõġ
Ҫ뿪ӣҴ£ҡһҪأ͡Ͳˡ
˵Լֿסջ󣬸Ͻ˵ҡһȥˡ
˵ͼҴҵˣƵġ
սҴȥıӰһ
ҲףǱƲѡ
Ϊ̫̫ڣռֵܲûзּҡ
һҺһҶסں
һֵ̫̫ܾ֮͵ٷּҵ⡣
ŵΪˣ϶ܸܵϳȥ
ȴδػƤ¡
ӣûзҲûڹ١
ܹκãȻⱲӻҲˡ
Ϊĳӣѹ϶ǳ
ѹϲϰ䣬Ҳϸϻ⣬Ҵˡ
սҡҡͷ뵽λ壬üӿˡ
Ҳܵˡ
˸ôҪǲúûؾһҲ̫˶Էˣ
սʼĥҪôܰ¸
ȻҪǾ͵øһƱġ
⿿Լ϶У
˭ȽϺأ
ս˳˼

ԺȻڴᡣ
ɻ꣬ͽѵĸͦ罺ᡣ
ֻϧһֱûкϢͦź
Ϊˣ޹ѾûٰοĸҲ˵ڻᣬż
Ҳôġ
ֱ죬ͻȻ̫ҽִָѪ
֪ԼһֱûлУԭȻ˶
ڰ֮ǰ˸˶
Ȼֻ
Ȼ˶ô
Ȼľͣ
һ԰οĪҪٿˣСİ۾޻ˡ
Ȼҡҡͷɬ˵Ҳޣʵ̫ˣˮֹס˵Ժܺ𣿡
Ŵ꣬Ҳܺλӣֻλˡ
۲ѣģ㻹ᣬ϶ܺģ
ȻԳЦЦ˷·Ļ䣬·һͻƮɢ
ҲСģȻ˶֪һ˵ţһ߲ЦҪҲλչһܹ¶öá
æοǧҪԷƱֻûзŻ˴˵İ㣬λչɲһ֮ǰˮЩСĵúܣŽҷ¶
СĽҲһ͡ң˶֪
Ȼ̾˿ͻȻ˵ͷ˵λչﲻǸƲ磬ǰģ֪ԺôദڿʱҶˡ
һֱŴȻ󣬰øŮһԷƱЩ⣺λչҲ˶аԵ޸ﵱȻõպθദ
Ȼҡҡͷж϶δػб䶯ңǸλˡ
һ⻰ͼˣ⻰ɲ˵ǽΪűºͻʺȻΪ㡣
ȻЦЦ˵ûʺĸȻʱΪң̫ҽϤΪҵ塣
үҪӣܲܺռŽλӲš
ʱڣºͻʺ϶Ϊ
Ҫʱ䳤ˣǾ͸öˡ
-

85 ѡ

￴ŴȻĵСҪȰ
Ȼȴ˰֣˵ˣҶףһúõġ
ȻԸ
үķܺãǲ׽øŮ˵ġ
Ȼսȭͷ뵽ս̲ס˵˵λչ﷢¶ǻһֱڹǸúúлл
ٹսĴԣ˵սŰ裬ϲñӴˡ
սûʲôøС
Ȼպ֪θսദʵҲһ
ѴȻŮÿսŰĴԣ̲סĴȻᱻ۸
ϾսѾ۴ͻ飬һ
ͽϵãȻǽԺٲҪ򽻵
ǽֳսԺǴȻɩӡ
Ű裬ţȻٲҪ۸
ȻĻﱾܵЩ⡣̽ʵҪθл
⻰ǽȻסˡ
üͷЩΪѵ˵Ҳ֪ôл
ʱڣʳ֮Ķ϶ǲ͵ġ
֬ˮҲʺϣЩͬױ¶Ǳ˶ֽţƺӶϴˡ
ǾʣͷΣƤëϡ
Ȼԥһ󣬾ÿ͵㡣
뵽ѡһ׺챦ʯͷ棬ϺõƤëϣ˸սȥ
һۡ
̲סȰⶫǲ̫˵㣿λչѾ˶δػΪ
Ȼһ⻰ʱЩá
üԴؿ˵ոֻǧĪҪ˵ˡʺĸδλչĻ£ܹġ
ǽȻǽŮˣɽиˣ
ղֻǴүү϶ˣ
Ȼ֪Լ˶ı㲻Ը̤ɲԼˡ
ӲãΨһ̵ܹģֻүĳ谮
үϧλӻþһ㡣
үﻹкӹ
ȻǾλ󣬸ĸֺãѹҲû̫
ȻѾǽȣ֪ж֮˶óࡣ
ڶԴϣҲͲǰݡ
Щϰ̬ȣ̲סüͷ
ŴȻɫûٶ˵ʲô
Ȼ̾˿һλȥս
ȥģȻһĻ֪ﲻϲս
Ūɳ׾ֻûˡ
ִŶ뿪Ŷ˵ԹңҲôص񣿡
Ͻ˵ˣֻĺöҲû٣ξôȥ
˵ףǾˡ
ȻԳЦЦǲͲаѵûпλչɲǸһˡ
üͷؿ
濴սﲻһˡ
Ű֮⣬սʲô
ȻףֻøͣǰЩӣչˮӦǵá
ҼǵﵱʱҸп˵λչӲŵ˴ͻûãˮǻǰλһ
˹˸ʺĸʹ͡ˮλ¹𣬻㡣
̲ס˵á
ȻЦǰáãѵҸ̫ˡ
ʱ˵ˡ
Ȼ⻰û
Ȼȴ˵ﲻưɣҿλչ϶ܹΪ
˶٣ͻȻζЦһȢġ
𾪵ؿ⡭ܰɣҲ˶ӣ֪ôᡭ
Ȼʣ˶Σټѵһλ𣿡
һЩȴû˵
սۣĻ¶֮ˣضǳġ
˲ȢսҲ˵˻οռҾͲˡ
λխZ褣ɶǼ
ǲȢսϻ˭Ȣս
ʱҪռҸ˶ˡ
Ȣս÷˹
οսж϶Ҳ̫
պδز
ȢȻЩðգôȴԶ׼ġ
պսһֱӣȢˡ
-

86 ֺ

Ȼ򴽣Ŵ֦Ͻ׵Ļѩ̾
֪Լ뷨̫ˣѾѱǰǰ򵥴⣿
ʮ꣬ǱֻܿԺ֮Уλӣռүĳ谮ΪүŮ
ȴֻƿбʻʧȥ𽥿ή
ʲô壿
뾡ӣסλӡ
үĻܹսãսΪΪ˵仰ҲܺùЩ
뵽Ȼ̲ססС
ܹãɹΪүµճӣֺα˼ӪӪƣ

սԼСȫһ顣
Ȼ̲ס̾

Ҫ뿪⣬ûǮɲС
뷨ˡ
ǲ֪˻᲻
ţร˽ɿһλǰ񣬷ūź·͡
ȻˣɶԷǽģ̫ܲ
ս˵Ǵͻһû飬ͻ
սһ£˵һλ͵ʲô
ร̫ȷ˵ūͲ̫ˣֻ˵кüӣųʮӡ
սһ㻻·׼͡
׼׵ƽ̹ȥš
ûãԴ߽Ժ
սɫشһۣʵϣҲʮӡ
ͦݳģϻ˵ױɫͦá
ս⡣
ܹԺﵱֵģϿ϶Ǿϸѡġ
С欵ģƵһؾ͹ˡ
֣سս˸񣺡ū澼չ˵չҲ˶ūǰ̽ϣչһаá
֮ǰȻⶣ
ԾսûмҲҵʮֱ׼
սЦЦˣ˵Ҳ˶ֻǲ֪Σ̫ҽ˵ʲô
ԣüͷЩá
˴ȻԸǰ̽ս
ȻǷʱ򣬾Ͳµ˼
ս̬ȣȴЩá
ս⣬̫Խˡ
Ȼͻδ飬ȻſھͽСáδ̫ſ
Ѿ˶ܷ޸δ֪Ҳ֪ĵſ
ͰˣȻ̽Ĳ飡
ܹ
вã˵̫ҽ˵ˣᣬ˶ҲֻҪԼӵܺ
ʵѾ˵Ȼ̫ã飬˵
Ȼõ˵
սҪǿɫѹһ˵ģˡ
뵽ʷϵļأüͷ
λǲ̫õġ
ȻԷҲͰ͵˸Ҫõ˼
ֻּȻѣȻܲЦЦ˵ü࣬Ҿͷˡ
һ⻰ɫӲˡ
ࣿ
Ըɡ
ǽãûһλˡ
ʱźϵˣҲñµĽ
һ뵽Ķ
ﻹ˼ս£
˼䣬ɴ뿪ˡ
ս߳ȥϵЦһ
λֶԽ̫ѽ
ʲôϵ
ͦͬϣҲ
ֱܲȥ˵зӽⶾɣ
ⲻ
սЦЦµ󣬺ܿ´˾
߹ȥӴ򿪣һ鿴
Ҳ˹
Ķȵصɴ˫ۣʲô˼ôôص񣿡
ҴҵҲ̫Щɣ
οҲû˵Ǯѽ
ս׺챦ʯͷ濴˿ͷ£Ƕĺ챦ʯƷսЩ֡
ֻ뵽Щͼ־Щء
ôص̫ãҪֺҡ
˵һ£ܿ췴ӦѲɣеĶû⣬Ժ󶼡
Ļû˵
һ̫ðҲǲġ
ΪŮӣ̫һŮ˵ζʲôˡ
Ȼǲλﻹס
ϧɽܲûеӡ
λӣû
뵽͵ʶץסսŵȷʱûȥɣ
-

87 Ȿ

ȻûУҶµˡսЦЦͷİɣûж
绹ǲҷģ̫ҽô˵жˣ
ս˸ڣʱϸɡ
ɲ˵ʱܸ
Ͼ¶¿ɴС
Ҫ˶ͷܵñʾʾ
ҪûжĻ˵ˡ
˼Ҷѻ͵ǰˣҪǲãǶԲԼ
ս˵˵ǰסˡ
û˵ӵ¡
ս̽ſڣжǮ𣿡
ʶʵʲô
ҡǾѾСˣѧˣԡ뿪ԡ
սЦرɣжǮܸܲһͶʣԺ׬Ǯٸֺô
⻰ʱ⼫ˡ
ȵؿսӣ㡭ǰǲЩôͻȻıˣ
ս˲
ԭǰϲӵģ
УԲȥ
Ȼ˵ǰǰҸˡ룬ҵҲСˣܲڼʲô鶼˻ҪǮ
ÿӣѾˣҾ㲻ΪǣҲѧˡ
һοѣ̲סսͷһգۣѾɴˡ
̾һܿʵȸ˵˵뿪ʲôӣۣ֬Σ
սɬЦЦ뿪
ⲻѣôͻȻ뿪
Ƭ̣ͻȻ뵽ʲôʵ˵ǲ뿴뿪ģ
ս
ЩҲ̫û˰ɣôֵ
ҿģսܿԼ˸ڣЩЩѫ󲻶īƫҪЩҵ顣
һ̲סЦˣԽں֡
ŹƯŮôҲָֻ˵ĶͷѽԽԽˡ뿪ͿɣҲķѲ˶٣׬
ɲսܹ׬Ǯ
̫ã㿪ЩҲ飬ֻⱾ׬ˡ
ȴ֪սˡ
ս˼֪ûģЦЦҲ͡
ûˣҲδػš
˷ʱ䣬Ȱ翴Ч
ȻҪȻΪǮġ
ⱾŲء
Ȼ
սһ˵Ҫ͹ϸǮսһ£רŸ¡
սֱȻǾͷȥɣãҲͦõġ
սû뵽Ȼôϵ˵˵ﱧסҾ֪
类ò˼ɫˣˣﻹҪЪšѾȥ֪ܹͨ£Ȼͻʲô˵һȥͺá
սŮӣܲͷ¶ȥ顣
ˣȻýĹȥ
ƽʱҲôġ
սȻûԽ˳ȥ
ȴʼյ岻ãֻ͵ſھͲˣȥ
սڡҲ߶
ս͵Ժſڵģֻ֣ͣĿ뿪
ߺƽ̲סˡ
ĿƵؿս˷ܵʵ㵱ҪԺҪ𣿡
սһǱ飬֪ʲô
üƳƽô뿴
ƽе⣬˲ˣЦū澾Ǿãôÿ϶кܶϲҪĻ϶кܶģ̫ˣȻ뵽
սԵõЦЦǣҹҪǲ˭
ƽϽ˵ͷһͬ˵ǰūҲãûбȹˣ
սЩڣɴڰִƽȥˣȥţܹҪˣʹҡ
ƽȻʮڴһ⻰Ϲ˳ȥ
ս룬ȥ˸鷿дŵӡ
һܹ¹Ȼˡ
䣬磬ս˵
սشһۣ˳͵ǲ󣬿ʮӡ
ܹ¶ţһֱʹŵ棬û̧ҿ
սһˣȻæضǺܷĵġ
-

88 

սڣܹ£Ҵ㿪Ѿ֪ˣʲô뷨
ܹ֮ͣǰȷʵѾ˵£Ա㹧˵Ѿˣֻǲ֪뿪
Ȼġս֮ǰдõֽݸƽʾͣȿ˵
ƽؿֽϧֽ۵ͷ֡
Ҳҵս򿪣ֻʵƹ磬ߵֽݸ͡
ײ죬ȴ̧ͷ
ƽֽ֣ؽӹɿ򿪲鿴
һĿʮеؿ֮͵ɫϱ任̲ס̧ŵسڼ俴һۡ
ȴֻɽˮ磬ԼһģӰ
ǵӰʶʧ̬ŵøϽͷٿ
ǹҪͻģʵֽϵݣ̫쿪
ǹңﶮ¡
͵͵̾˿·ܹһƬڰδ
˵ӻĲǮ˱µҲ޹⡣
һ󷢿ࡣ
սķӦ֪Щʲô
ЦЦЩõʣܹ¿Ǿʲôף
˵սӣһ⻰Ķ
ţС˵ܹ뵽ķӣʵĳͶأֻǡ
봺ֻʣµʱ䣬ǡʱϲ̫
ӡȿ̳棬չ룬Ҫ̵ĵȻ١
оĹҪ̳еҲúķѲʱա
ȻҲ˳дЩæűǲˡ
սʣ˼ǣʱ䲻
С˵ˣ
ʵãս뷨˵쿪ЩҲδһԡ
ֻϧʱ̫ˡ
̶µʱͲ
ʱˣûУֻ˵
սĻ˵ò̫ŰӣܲûҪ̫
ȻҲǹҪʹ۸ˡ
ֻȻ뷨ͬҪǲóǿӲ̬СδػԹİţ¡
˵ʱ䲻ʵ˵û
ɴڼҪǲܸһΣ͵ٵꡣ
ɲȡ
ҪǴδǣӰҪۿۣܶԽγв
ԣεĴǣ̵ʱ䣬Ū
ȴ֪սƣֻΪһʱȤ뿪
ʱսȻܡ
ܹ簲ŹЭսһ棬Ҫģ
Ͱʵ̫սˣΪˣֻﱧԹ˵ڡ
ʱսȻòȴҲҷ
ֻǣûսΪǸ軵Сûʲô͡
Ȼûз¶˼֡
սһЦô㲻˵òԣ
Ͷʱ˵սƢеĲú󣬻ЩĻᰤӡ
͵ͷЩŵ˵ĳҡ
ҿͦҵģֻǱ²ƢȴСս˵ղ˵ʱ䲻Ǿ뷨Чʣʱ䡣ôԶ׼飬ѵҪ㣿
üͷȻ֪취ʱ䣬ǣеʱ䶼̵ġ
ͽ˵֪׼棬Ҫ̵ʱ䡣չ룬Ҫĵ治٣Ҫ׼ôһ׵棬֣Ҳðµʱ䡣
̫ˣԲС
ʱụ̂Ǹϸ»Ϲ̫ǵ˵Ҳ̫װѰӿ̻
һŰϾǳһŰҲˣֻٿһţ˷ѹʱ䡣
ֻܳŰߺõʱ̡Ƕ죬ͷ̫䣬ֻ̣Ȼֶ׳
Ĺ߿϶ͷһ϶׳µʱѾǱعƣʵϿҪʱ䡣
ˣҲΪѡ
ϧǶ̫ˣҪůԺ̣ͲõĹ߻谵⡣
սȻ֪˵Щ⣬ˡ
ûгֻӡˢǵӡˢ
ӡˢı׶ˣǵ̰ӵʱ׳ǴһʣŰҲˡ
ҪǸոտʼҲͰˣҪǿʱôŰӵĹ򶼰׷ˡ
⣬һ׵ֻӡһ飬ǲӡˢ׵Ҳͷϵˡ
Ժų˻ӡˢʹӡˢø
սЦЦȻ鷳Ϊβһһֵؿ̣
-

89 

һ̲ס̧ͷսȥ
һһһֵؿ̣ЩɵۣһʱתǺ⣿
ս˵Ȼ˼ӡһỵֵֿ̈ӡˢʱΣ
⡭Ͳ˳˼ԽԽÿУİ취ƺСֻĳǰδӴӡˢ֮£ǷУʾڴ˵ĹС
ȥţȰҺ˵ʱϲϵüһҪġ
Ӧĳȥţһס
֮ǰҪӵĵ͹顣
ԣһĶʱ˳
սҪҲ̫ˣ
ֻʣһʱսȻֻô̵ʱ䣡
ĳȥ죡
˵㼱Ҵ˳ȥսʱɲ࣬Ҫûܰ£Եûã
뵽ֽдĶ͵̲ס
һۿֽϵʱ÷˼սں˼롣
ս˵ֺͻȻãսԭпյ룬Ȼгģ
˵ֽдЩĿУ
ǵˣλչƽӹ֮
ܹδȫͬ
뷨Щˣȴһԡ
ΪˣҲҲУԲĵһƽĹ¡
ĻᣬȻԣ
ϾλչǴͻΪ
ĻᣬȻˣܰװøˣ
ʲô취飬սͣ
ҧҧԽԽ졣
ߺƽ̲סʣֻôʱ䣬ܰ𣿡
սЦЦؿ֪
ƽ˵ΪʲôôһƣܾЩ飬ǸЦū澡ū澾е档
սĪЦЦ͵ưɡ
ܹܰ
Ķ֪
һμֲͣ˵ͣҪôжϣ
ʱȷʵֻ࣬ˡ
ҲǸ飬͵͵Σ
ǱƳġ
ҪܹףԺͿԷĵˡ
ţ߶ͣʱͶŵˡ
սЦеţƽȴĸĪ⣬Ȼ𾴡
һߣͼҴ߳ţͻȻñ쬵ġ
̲ס˽ϵ磬ݶããĻѩ˵ǹġ

뿪սģȥ鷿ŷһ˴棬һ߳ʳһдŽļƻ
Լˣɴд
ͬʱҲһ˼ƻ
ͦķʱ䣬ս鷿ܿдʮҳֽ
󲿷ǲݸ壬Ϊддֻµ뷨ð
Щ뷨ȫֽϣ
ôæţʱ䲻֪͹ȥˡ
սеļƻؼ¼ֽϣͷɫҲ
ս˿ЦЦ
˭֪ʱͻȻ鷿š
ƽЩŵߵߵߵˣ
սһϽдõĶһգʳȷûˣ·߳ȥţô£ôˣ
ƽĿƵؿ˵ū澾ã¿϶ǲĹǰ̽ģ
ս
Ǹ˻̽
ƽʲôӰҲ̫ˣ
һ£뵽ֵܾǻǶġ
ʣһûд̫ҽ
ƽףô֪»̫ҽ
սüͷ֪
ҲգԷ˶ˣܲܶŲˡ
οڡ˶ҪǶŲ̫ҽ飬Ҫ˻ˡ
ǱѾ˶Ҫǳ˲ӣҪ¶Ļֱڹˡ
սɫһܿԷ
ڴϣϢ͸˹
ţҲ̫ҽ˾Ժ
ڴߣЩţ̫ҽսûжս˶
սֻðο֣ģ¡
䣬̾ʹ̫ҽˡ
ȸȻֱڴϵս
սѡҪµظ
̿ѣüˬ˵Ȼչ岻ʣ°ɣ񡣡
ս̴˻ȥ
̿̲ס˹ǣЦЦؿ
սظһۣܿ촹һɵģ
ʱ̫ҽǰʼս
-

90 Ҫ

սɫش̫ҽ
̫ҽ֮ǰλ̫ҽһͷӡ
ž͸˾ḻĪĸо
սƳ˳һۣ̲סɡ
⻻˸̫ҽⶾأǶɣҪûжأ
̫ҽǰ͹ܸı󣬼ԷͦӣҲ˿š
һͷջ֣üͷ˵չжֻҪϤĵպӦָܹ
͸չ￪ŷӣŷӳҩһºٸ￴Ρ
սлһӡ
̫ҽܿ쿪ҩ֣ؽ˹ȥ
ʾ˳̣˳ȥ
̶սһۣսĺﵽʲôҩʱ򣬳ͻȻ˵Щ뵥չ˵˿ɷݱܣ
һ𾪵ؿһۣ漴ݣֹ˳شĵؿս̫Ը˵²̫κε֮үĪҪ
һͻȻζЦǱδȻ
ֻòԸ˳ȥ
̵ү㲻ȻսദҲ̫
üͷʼղġ
˵²ŮɫʮˣԺȴһ檶ûС
вģε
˷дԣλ²Ůɫա
Ǳ´ͻ飬ּɲñŮ޸
ȻŮɫӦòԱʲôɣ
粻ţһϰ£ôҲ޷ȡ
ѾǳȥԷֻʣ³̺սˡ
սڴϣΪƵĹϵĪֵĸо
ڴǰϵĳ̣а裬ͬʱЩ档
˵Щʲô
ֱֻشûмſڡ
սĬŵһһֶ˵ﲻЩꡣ
ʲô˼
˵лҪ˵
ôһֱڣ
ԥһ£ûпѯʡ
Ҫ̻᲻һֱȥ
˭֪ڣ̾ȻЦ㵹ǳסȻûпչﲻһˡ
սһͻˣ쵰ղһֱ˵Ȼ̽
ߣ֪̲ʲôö
Ȼ۶
ЦЦүΪ˵ҲҲһˡһˣûô󡣡
֮⣬ڶûб̸ͦġ
̲ɵȻ˼
ҧҧȻͻȻЦ˵Щ棬㵽ô֣ﱻ˶ģ
սʣҼǵ֮ǰѾ˵ˣѵүѾˣ
̣
ڷ
ȻǸŮˣ
ѹָŮװܳȥ
Ȼǵã˵Ժ󣬷ζйŹ֡
Ц˵ͻȻͼذΪζйŹ֣Ϊﱻ˶Ϊβǳûаã
ֲǵһγԣʲôζѵ᲻𣿡
սûƳ˳һۣүѾδòףǲСЩѾһʬˣү˵
̣
ڹΣգ
̲Щƣսɫô˵Ͳ˱
ս޿ֵЦЦţүôСǼˡ
̣
챻սЦˡ
Ůˣ̫ˣ֪үȻҾ佫ľ
Ͳһŭ֮£˻Լ
ʱ˭Ȣ
ߣҲҪˡ
̵һͻȻʵ㵹ͦã˭Ҫ¶㣿
սȻµ˭ô˵
Ǹ˵ݿɲһ㣬û֤ݣҪ˵ˣɾʹˡ
˵⣬ѵү𣿶ԷµĶҪҵǳүȥġ֪үЩˣȻ˾ϲҪ¶ң
̺ɵؿսȻлɵĶֻǲȷ
սô˵Ǳ۵ģ
СǼŮˣ
̲˵˵Ҳ٣¶δؾǳűġ
ս޳ܾˣ̲ס˵Ҳ˶
ĳˣôܻ¶
ȻȻҪˣȻԲѵ˵ɺϡ
ս
ͻȻ̫ȷҪҪ￪ˡ
Ǹ˵ѽ
-

91 ǱΪ

սһԥͲ̸ˡ
ȻȣĻ׵öࡣ
ʵ̫쵰ˣЩģһ˳ʱմ٣Ҫռ˱ˡ
ٿڣֱֻضų̿ǡôߡı顣
ţԳ̵Ĵ϶ö˼
˭֪̾ȻһʲôûģЦ˵ΪűѲɣǱסˣ
ս
̲סɴ˫ۣ𾪵ؿų̡
ô£
̾Ȼˣ
òǴԽİɣ
̫Ҫˣ
Ȼֻ˵óڣ
սųϵ΢ЦͻȻʶǸҪģͲܸ
ʵɫ磬үȥ𣿡
̵һЦһе˵ǸûȥˣʵǷĲ塣ϾǱδŵ㱻¶ʵĲ
ս
Ҫˣ
սлүģֻɫ磬үٲȥǵİҪ˵лˡ
Բع
ɫһͻȻѪЦ˭˵л
սѪһͻȻǰ˿ɲʲôƲ磬Ǳ̣
̿еļɵЩüͷͻȻ˵㲻ú£бڣû˸˵л
ս
ų̣ƺһҲûҪߵ˼ԥƬ̣ɴʵ֪¶˲ˣ
⻰һͻȻɫ»ҪȥԸ㱣֤¶˭һ
սؿһۣЩ̻˵ֻ
ӣȻŵԣʵ̫ˡ
ǹûŪɣ
ˣǹŪΣ
ѵҳ
뵽¶Ļ֣սĿһ䣬˵˺£뿪֪үȤ
̲ؿսЩ㶼ˣ뿪
ս
ˣ̸òỳɣ
ҧҧɫøЩȻ˵̫ˣ顣˵»ỻԣ׬Щ£ͼԺܹƽƽ
̣
սЩŹ֡
£
ôսǸµˣ
֮ǰ˭űӣ޷ûѪģ
ѾͷüֱŮˣȻ˵Ҫ£
̲Щ棺µİ취ǿ
뾩Щˡ
ôܻˣ
սͷû
ô£̺ʣѲɣҪ飿
֪ӡˢһĳɱɲ͡
ҲñȽϹ󣬺ֻܶЩ˵ıīֽ⣬
ѲɣսǴЩ
ֵԩͷûȤ
սƳһۣү˵ЦˣռҼҵӱ⡣
һ⻰ʱＫˡ
ռҼҵӱ
ս˵Ц
ΪռҵļҲһ֪
ռҪǶҵӱˣٹ٣Ǵ붼⵰
Ϊ֪ռвӺȫӪò
ڹԱͷռҾǼҵ׷ġ
սȻ˵ռҼҵӱ
ǺЦ
ЦЦؿսô⣿
սһЦóдõֽݸһЩ뷨
̽ӹʱ򣬿սϸָЩ⡣
ʼռǵս޴޷ʱ׺ӣΪСϰ䣬ֻܴ֣һҲŮˡ
˭֪սָȻʮֺÿ
Ƶǹָͤϸ֬
Ѿͷôģ
ѵʣ
̲סЩԳ
һֻץ΢һ͸ˡ
ЩͿսѵõֽһɿ˻ȥ
̣
֪ѾͷĵӴˣ
ûӣȻֱ
Ҳ
խZ褵ĵӶûô
һչֽһۡ
ĹЩ˵ƣֽܿϵ֡
̿һ۾;ˣȻԽԽľ
ôҲû뵽սȻҲֻܸ
СԹӵôģ
Ҳ̫ˣ
飬п
ҪĳɹˣǾ˼ˡ
ʱλô磬ǵסˡ
˵˳ϴء
뵽ཱུ̫̲ͣסЦ
սؿܾЦЩթ
Щ벻ף뵽ʲôˣ
-

92 Ϸ

̲սĿЩŹ֣ɫЩģ
ս˲һ﷭˸ۣװģ
սֵЦЦҾһʱ룬үΣ
쿪
̺˵漴һתǱδ޵ķϣ±Ӧˡ
ҪЩᾡ˱ס
ֻ󡭡ɻ᲻̫˵㣿
սҧҲ뿪棬Сѡ
¼ҴҵλȨأѵںС󣿡
ޣ
Ҫ
ɻ٣
һүҪҪôƽϣ
Ҫִ˶סΪ㣿
̿ս·˫ۣ̲סЦЦҲգɾɣ˭Ǳδŵأ
սһ̲ס˵о綾ҵ˵£µǻ˱Ƚס
˵ͺˣŵؿų̣ݵġ
ǵģôˣ
ʷأɺΪװܻ飬̺ݺݱ˸ȢǸϹ
ôͿƲסƢأ
̹Ȼɫս
ƺսĽţͻȻζЦչȻޥģۣȴȫȫΪ롣
ôޣ򸴺
ҷģǵ֮ˡ
Ҳ˵жѾҩɾȣҲȢţΪ
սѽñӳˡ
˵Ȼ˵ҩɾȣ
ҩɾأ
սҧгݣίԼ
Цк꾫޷ίԺȥʣڶȢš
սʱˣ²ô
ȴһϵ˵ǱģΪű¶һҪڼҰĵ壬ڶȢš
ս
˭Ҫôѽ
رǿ˵Ҿ»Ҫٴӳ顣
Ļ֮ʵڵ죬Ŀ¶ʧܣպ»ֻ֡סܰġ
עսɫ磬빬ȥʣ㡣
սˣ̫æĻҲУ
Ǳδŵ¶ǲǰܷ̽ģ
ֱ׳ؼ˵οжѾ˳ȥ񾩳Է׷ףǲЩ˸ҥˡ¹Ӳ
ս
ױ̵޳ܸˣ
˵øһŸ
Цؿս͵˫ۣתʤ̵Ľһ㣬־˳ȥ
սߴıӰץס˽
˵
ţ
Ժôʰ쵰
ʵȥǵøɽǲɣ
Խ˳ȥȻæսŵشû°ɣ
սЦøûƵģģʲô£үǸˣһ鶼ûС
ֲɵӣѵܰǿˣֳĳ
ҪǸλˣ
Ҳֻ̫սŮŻдһʡ
սԥһ£ʵү˵Щʲô
սû˵˳̺ϻ￪ֻ˵ү˵һ
˿Ǿͺãү仰ͷˡ
ս﷭ۣģҪ֪̾Ǹ˵Ͳôˡ
ʲôҲû˵
ʱȨϣǾӡ
ǵ谮ĶӣֻҪɱ˷Ż𣬲аŮͲ֡
ǳ̵δޣҪȢţܽй
˵Żˡ
Ȼֱӽͷţս
ƽ֪ս˳ȥ£˼䣬֪Ѿսף߽䣬ս˵ܹˣ㽻Щ飬Ѿˣ
˵óһСӣ飬뿴
һܹȥʲôˣ
ս˵Ҳûʲôȥӣ
ԭ
Щ⣬Ϊս˵Ҫֻһʱ˭֪ȻǸӡ
˵Ҫͼææܹӣкˡ
ܹЭȻˡ
֪͵ͣô죬϶ܹµĹ͡
̲ס޵ȻһοӾŪģģǰûô
ôԵذѹͰսͷϡ
-

93 Ϸ

սЦе˵ҲúáôȻҿ϶ûô
ֱӰЦˡ
Ц֮˵ȻҪæȻȥˡܹʲôģͺá
սɵӦ£϶ȥ
Ϳ˳ϽվͷûҶ࿴
սһЩֽһЩ񣬾ȥˡ
͵ȷʵ˲١
ùս˿ռ䡣
һЩҩģʼ
һСʱһƿҩ衣
һҩʼҩԡ
ҩζ̫أס˿϶
ôռ䣬ȻֻӲͷƤ֡ˡ
ҩҺЩ̼ͷ͸ϸϸܵһ
Ѿˣսʹüͷ
ԥһ˲˺ģʼתܣҩ
Сʱеҩһա
սһ壬ؽžž졣
ܵЦЦˮϴɾ󣬱Ĥóһ鿪ʼĨ
鲢ͨƷ֣ԼƵģЧҪĺ̫ࡣ
ЩĹ˪飬ЧҲá
鲻ЧرãлѪֹʹֹЧܵͷҲкô
ɢһֵζһŲȴζܶԶ֮
ýͣһЩˡ
Ĩ飬սĤ˱˳ռ䣬ڴϳ˯ȥ

תۣʱ͵˵ڶա
սŮװ͵͵š
Ȼ˵ҪȣȻʳԡ
ңȵý
˿
սǽŵӣúЦ
Ҳ⡣
ŴƾٲҪ޲мҪס
ȻοʸûС
򺲵Ҫǲκã˵δμӲˡ
ԺĴȫμӲˡ
һӵ飬ȸ߿Ҫ
򺲸ܲ
ڴϹ˹֣ĳӡ
ˣҽǸβģͱˡ
սɫȻֶǫ˵ȥЩˮϴˣվƲһ˿ڸһҪɾ
ǫ򺲣˵ͷ˵ȥˮ
ߺֹ˹֣ĳȣͷ·ˡ
ްҼȻ˵ҪκȣЩ˼ҲӦõġ
ս˵δǣܹμӣжٰգ
򺲽ŵץץӣǫ˵ܹμӣĳܹиʿ
սüʵаսһ𣿡
ɫһĳްա
ûա
˵ѧʶɿƿɼΣÿ١
еĿϲŽ£еȽʵ
ľʱϲýȥ
մѡǰʮþɱġ
ǿٲϲ£ǰʮˡ
Իÿ
ãö˿ٵθڣ˵׼ܸЩ
ǰʮҲпܵġ
ֻǰ˵ÿµϲˡ
һֻȡǰΪ״Ԫۣ̽
ӢûգԼܹһס
ڿƿսҲ֪һЩ
򺲵Ļûôʧ
ֻ˵Ȼ˵аտнʿѧ
ԺһΪȣ֮ϣһ顣
򺲹˹֣Ӧƾ·ԸĳȻ岻ݴǡ
Ҫ˴δǣٿܵݣÿѡٵľϲãܽ쿼ݣٳһЩԵĿ
ս˵ţóһŷݸҪģдˡ
ῪһЩݱɲ󣬻ӡˢ
Ҳռˣдúһ𡣡
ս˵ͻȻһ
֮ǰ˲ֻƷʶͦ
ȴǰײ˼ۡ
򺲿нʿЩֻȻ۸񷭱
ʱ򣬿԰Ǹ߼ȥ
ܶԸ߼ۣʿֻ
ôһ룬ս򺲵˹Ҫúñҿ㡣
ܸ״ԪҿԸ
򺲸Ц¸߿ĳˡ
״Ԫ
룬ֲܾġ
ǫò㿼״Ԫ̽ҲǴ´ġ
˲һ˫۾ɵԲģ߾˵ˡ
ǫܿպ˻Сضˮ׼򺲲ȡ
ˮ裬Ҫȥ򺲵ıӡ
˭֪ץűӲţһ˫۾ؿսĳδ˸µۣ¿ɷ񡭡
սû˵˵ȳȥˡ
-

94 ײг

սһ棬ͷڸӡ
˵ϢϤ֮ǰ޷档
սɫһ䣬жȻһŭ
˻ûûǰɣ
ڸȻˣ
Ƥ밤
ս˵ΧǽҪ˭֪תܣ
Σյۣ˶˳ȥ
û˵ĺ󱳣һЦ
޷󱳴ʹ˲ܵøˡ
ɲұսץסҪսˣ
֪սôͲôˡ
޷ɱһսû׷˿
Ȼ󱳴ʹλã뿴ô¡
˭֪ʲôҲû
֣ͻȻԽԽȣҪһ
ˣرУ·ĦƤϣȻۡ
޲ð·˺ˡ
֮ǰĴʹ޷Ͻ󱳡
Ȼ˰
һȥ˲ʹû

޷ʹòҽһٲҰˡ
عͷɵؿҵķ򣬾Ҽҽݿ
ս̫ˣҪǻȥ˵Сûˡ
޷ҽȥ
˭֪һžʹڵһ
ʹٴβҽг
סˡ
סˣҪǽҪ˷ˡ
޷ʹȥҽݡ

ս˴Լʮӣǫ˳չӣҸѾ׵
սͷ˽ȥ
򺲸űӡ
սһ˲üͷôְѱӸˣ
һܸ𣿡
ʵȴ¶ҲЩ䡣
սط˸ۣۻ࣬һǣղǰײˣѵϴ軹ᴩԭ·
򺲣
ǫ
еȫû
սɨһۣﶼû̿ԸӻҲ̫ʡˡ
ȥЩ˪̿ȱһ飬ϵ·ʹ̶ûɸɾġ
ս˵ţǵûЩʱһֱȣ˵ҳȥһˣϣʱѾˡ
˵꣬ҲȸӦתߡ
ǫ̬ȸЩţ㿴
̾˿˵ɣǴˡ
չ˵ģϴ󻹻ᴩԭ·
Ȼᣡ
Ȼô򵥵ĵûס
ǫϽ
±սӱ㼱Ҵ˳ȥ
ȸʵǼı춼Ǿɵģ϶ɾĶȥȥµģ˳˪̿ˡ
һߣսɴȥµӣ鿴һ¡
ǶС¥滹˸Ժӣÿӡˢ
սʱ򣬺Ժо֡
һͰ͸ŵòᡣ
𾪵ؿս˵ûмսģȴǼ褵ġ
ս褳Щ񣬻ױ͸ˣһ۾˳
ս˵ӡ
˵䣬ѱ¶˳Ϳ˸š
һ¶ѩױӣ˲𾪵õԲ۾
á
սӣ·ɡ
Żع뵽Լող˵ʲô亹ֱð
ҪǱ¶˹ݣɾʹˣ
ãסĻ
Ͱ˿Ͻսȥӡ
ս֮󣬷˵Щɣǲôơ
ֻ֮ǰǿ¥ģԼⲻãûȥ
ҪĳͲòԭЩĶҪõĶҲ١
װ޼ƻȻѾоѾװ޷
һ¥ڷܣΪã¥֮⻹ЩΣ˳ġ
սԴûʲôֻϸ˸Ķöװ޷ͼӿ׼
˻ӡˢоȣ˵㽨顣
ʱˣս㷵ҡ
ߣӶѾ׼׵
ս֮ص˵ͷǫ˵ȥţκ˿
ǫŵؿһۣ˵ͷŹԹԳȥ
ߺսŷ˴ӡ
ȡһƿһöҩݸ򺲣ҩֹʹȥ
СĽӹԹҩ衣
ҩһȥ;룬ű㲻ܿƵس˯ȥ
ս˯ˣŴóú͵Ƶȼ
ȻѪɿõ˵ĵطʼ
ѪҺ̫ãغ
սٶȺܿ졣
򺲵Ѿгٶȿþˡ
ʱͻᷢǰȫǲӰսʲô
ٶǣֽϿĹͷ̶ãȻһҩ
׵Żڻ˯򺲣Ŀ⸴ӡ
-

95 ж

սĿ⸴ӵؿŻ˯е򺲡
̶ͷĲһĲ˿ƳɣܹȻ⣬ȡ
õķҲˡ
ЩĿռ˵һЩҲࡣ
磬һЩһЩ
򺲴ﲻҪɾͿˡ
̾˿ս˳ȥ
棬ǫòͣȥ
սʵչӣҸ
Ѿˣϡ
ս˵ţóһƿҩҩÿһţˮͷԴٽ˿ڻָ
˵꣬ϸϸһЩģȷǫסˣ˵һºٹڼ㸸ʲôףȥҡ
ǫ֣꣬صؽӹҩƿսл
սûж˵뿪ˡ
ʯ̶ȣҩܴٽ
һµʱ䣬㹻򺲻ˡ
ȥս̫λã͵͵ó˿ʱ䡣
ʱ仹硣
Ϊͦģŵ࣬ʮ㡣
ԥһ£Ȼؼҡ
ͷ쬵ģʵûʲôùġ
ս͵͵ؼҵʱѾȵĽ
ƽûɰƽǸˡ
ۿսڻƽĵΧ˺üۣʲô顣
ƽԹսȥĶˣôūһأһ˿ôã
սûذһۣҶ򲻹ʲôã
˶˵˭˵ҽȥˣรҽȥ𣿡
ร˵һֱȥ
սؿһۣ˵ûƽˣ
ƽūˣûгȥ
ţ֪ͺá
ս˵գط·ȡҽ飬˵Ҫ
ʱеѾȫ˳ȥַ˷š
Ȼ˵Ҫ͵͵˿ռ䡣
ռֻĶشСʵǲࡣ
ڣֵĶͦ졣
õռ˺ַܶӣ֣ռ
ԭһʼ٣ֻʯһЩݵıҩ
գռԶ
ųɳڵĳ̶ȡ
Խˣ˵һصǰ
ҪÿռĻֻ뷨ȥʯͷıҩˡ
ҩڳĲУѾƹֻҩ
ʯͱҩȫúܣüӽ׬ǮС
ٵȵȰɡ
ڵҽܱ¶
ѧҽһʱ䣬ԺҽӦûűҩŰɣ
սƵ̾˿Щǰŵʱˡ
գֵĶѾ죬Ͻȫˣµġ

޷ѵҽݣ
ҽݵʱѾʹˡ
Ȼûɿˣ
꣬ھûˣ
ڵϣ޷ŵؿУҿҵʲô
и˻üͷ
޷濴ŵòУ㿴ʲôˣ
п˵жˣ
޷ϽͷȲʣʲô𣿡
üͷøһضЩ졣
޷òԾЩʣ㿴Ҹʲôеʲô
²δж
и˵꣬޷ͼˣⲻܣ
ڻе·Ħ۸ϵǲʹˣȴ
ĥ˼ˡ
ھòˡ
ôûж
µģԼ˴˵еĻɢӴ˳˷ˣ޷ٶ䡣
Ҫɾ͵ͷˡ
Ժ󶼲֪Լ
гɫǲţٿĳʵڿ˶
޷һ˳ȥٿ
Ȼ˺üҽݣû˿ó˶
˻ǹɵģ͸ƭһ
޷ùǺ
ֻܻҽٿ
˭֪ҽҲ˶
޷˶Ǿġ
ؿҽе˵ҽٰҿɣҿ϶жˣдġ
ҽʵڿָֻϸ˿
Ȼûз˶
£ҽ񶼱ˡ
ε˵޻ûж
ⲻܣ޷漤վҿ϶˶ھûˣôûж
ҽȵؿȷ
ҵȻȷ㿴
޷˵ţȭͷϡ
˭֪һȥͷ˲Ծ
ҪֹȴѾˡ
-

96 

ֻ顱һ죬Ϻõĺľ˲ķѣƬը˳ȥҽϣˡ
ƬڵأһѪַŭص޷棺㡭㡭
û˵꣬˿Ѫ
޷ŵ˶ˣҽû°ɣ⣬ĳǹģ
ҽ㡭
ҿǹģ

϶Ǳ
ΪϷ֪ǼǺϴҩ£װжϷ
޷ԩˡ
治ǹİ
ս⺦
ھھȷʵˡ
·֮ǰһȫĴ
ô
ˣ
̴Żʱ򣬵֪޷ⱨҽˣͷˡ
ʮ𾪣޷еǰͷѵһ١
޷ίذѵΪԼһ䡣
һľͷ׮Ƶģʵ˵գô£ôʹҽ
޷ץסԼԩӣԩµ˶һ·޷ʹھ
ƫƫһҲƲȲѻҽ
ҽҲƭ
Ϊ֤ӡ˭֪
˭֪ھͻȻˣ
Цֻţ
޷ֱͦͦع˵ϣ¾ʵӡ
˵ѣԸл
̿Ӳ˵ѣ
޷˵滰¶ö֣
Ȼҽ޷˶
̱֪˭µĶ
޷һԥ⡭²˵
ûصһۣõʲôҵģѵ˻˵ˣ
ӣ˵ġ
һ⻰ͻȻֲ̫õԤС
ɵؿ޷棬ܿ˵չµĶ
ˣչ˵ǡ
δ
̣
ðΣ£ȻʵΪλ¶˵µĶʲô֤ݣ
½շ֮ҸӣչͻȻ֣ﲻ֪˵ʲô
²С̫ˣܵʱ򣬺ʲôУ֮˶
ӣ̫ˣ
ȴûİԹ˵ô˵㲢ûп¶¶пˡ
޷棺
ǿʱûڳ
һֱڣֻûвˡ
̲мر޷һۣҽ鲻Ķ¶˱ȻǸö֣𣿡
޷棺
̺ܿʣҴ˶ã
޷治֪ôء
ھָҿսͲǶӦѾȥˡ
ɫһ㲻֪
޷˵µʱ˶ʧȥھ͡ȥС
㡭ˣ뵽޷Ĺסˣñ˵ʲôã
޷ֱͦͦعţ°²𷣣
ʵǶԸأʲô쳣
޷˵ǡ˷ܣƺչˡ
̷·췽ҹ̷ˣȷ
޷ͷ͵Ҹӵ̸򺲵˵òᣬ֮ǰָĿԲ
ϣҲɲзϡ
ǵ˼ƺչбκ򺲣μӴǡ
Цһⲻܣδ˵ҽ
޷Сط˵չƺѧҽ
Ǻְˣûʦ̣ǿ˼ҽ飬ѧٶ
˵̲סǺ֣Ҹֻ΢СһŪͳ˴£Ҳ¸ռл
̻ɣսǿ˵ҽ飬ͰԼҽˣҺҸȣҲ°˸
ƫƫսδòѾͷƨɡ
ȥǶԸӣҪǷʲôףϽ˸ҽΣŪ
޷С˵ӣϺʲô
Ŷ
ܵʱƺʲôһ¡º룬Ӧϸ֮İ
𣿡ʵ㵱ʱ˺δ
޷˵󱳡
̾˵·ˣ
޷˵⿪·¶󱳡
˭֪ʱͻȻ˽
𾪵ؿ޷ϰֿ̣һ۾飬ܴģ
Ѷˣ硭㡭ԭϲ
ɫࣺ죡Щ߰뷨
ն˵ģһ㱣ܣ˵ȥ
޷棺
˲˵Ķ
-

97 ޶⳥

Ƥǲǣŭָ޷˵˶룬ֻ뿴ʲôλã㶼ں˼Щʲôúܣ
һԼȻ˸˲ˡ
һЦǺǣҾǸ㿪Ц
˵ɵƳ޷һۣжˣ
޷Ѿ֪طӦ˶Ӳˣһſǵͨ졣
˵ľȻֶ
ؼǣԼ˼ͰˣҪˮ
ӿװ׵ģ
񱻽ôһ˵Ժл·
޷ŭи̡
ۿѵϽת¶󱳸ѿ
Ѿ˿ˣĺ㣬ϸ϶ܹ֡
Ѻܿ쿴ˡ
óذףõ޷汳ϴ˴޷棬㻹˶밡
ΪǶŪĽء
˵ˣôܹء
ҪǶһֱϽŮɫ߻ôÿôܺ˼أ
οֲһô롣
ô˶ˡ
˵ʺĸ͵͵ء
ȻҲŶɻ飬߸δޣ
ѾԼͦԩ޷ȴǱĵʴ̼彩Ӳ
ͻȻ˵ȻˣѶƳɡ
ھƳ룬Ҫ޷ϵġ
ˣȻҺ˼룡
Ҫ޷Ƴ룬ƺӶϴˣ
Լ
˲ɵˡ
͵ջ֣޷룬˵磬¾Ͳ˰ɣ㸮ôҸ˲ˡ
ƾʲô޷Ƴ밡
ɲһˣ
ɫһõؿո˵ʲô˵һ顣
ѣ
˵ؿ˳һۣƱˣŵûƢ
аɣҰҰ
С˵ţ͵͵޷һۣˣ
޷ϣĴλˡ
ջ֣ó˿ƴţմʲôֵණ
޷Ƶش˸ۡ
Ȼأ
ҪǵүûүһֱЩ룿
Ц
˲޷汳Ϸ˳ϡ
̿һۣҽ롣
ټȻֹҽһˡ
Ϊ޷˵òᣬڴˡ
ҽ
ҽȻŴȡ룬ϸ顣
ֻǼ֮ɫڲϱ仯
˺һڼϡ
̵ʵʲôˣʲô
ҽɫһС˵үϲûж
⻰һ޷ɵˣûжôܣҷжˣ
̺ͳҲҽȴĻش
ҽֻС˵¹ȷʵδöжز޻ڴ̫ãеĶض޻ڣԲ鲻
޷һ⻰˶ˡ
еĶضˣ
ҽȷ
ҽ﷭ۣܹȷ
ӣ˵¹ٸ޻Ÿ
޷Թ֡
ҽƬ̺üͷ˵֣޻жļ󡣡
޷棺
ʱ˵ȻûжȻȥɡ
ҽɴ⣬Ͻˡ
֪ҽ޷濴޷ˣͷˣ
ڴأ
ʱλүڣ޷û
޷ղźĽܲ⣿
Ժ󲻻ⱨɣ
ҪԺ󿴼޷Ƶ
ҽӣ뵽һϹͷ˵ҽǶ޷߱Ƚ׵
Ϲͷɾס޷ڡ
һߣѲؿų̣磬˵ô£޷浽ûж
Ҳ֪
̸˵⻰޷ŵô˸¡
Լ̫ԩˣ˶ôͼ鲻أ
ҽ治ǹģ
ͻȻʵ޷棬첻ҽһźľӣʲô˵𣿡
޷һϽ˵Ը⣡
˵˵ҽ˵òᣬҪˣҪҩġĺľӸҾһףһ׼Ҿ߾ûˡ
޷᣺ס
ЦЦô汾꣬ҲΪ㣬һǧӣ±ͼˡ
޷ֻ˲٣һһǧ
ôǮҲⰡ
һٺ»ʮӣһǧӣʮٺ»
ү㻹Ǹ
-

98 թ

̲õؿ޷棺һǧ̫٣Ǿ͡
޷Ͻ¾һǧոպãһ㶼١
أδʮٺ»
ѵĶʮ꣬Ҫ⵰
޷ͻȻеǰ;һƬڰ
̿һûϢģм˵һǧѣʲôþģ
һôˣѵһǧ
޷ˣ
ʼˣˣȥɣǶԸӣʲô̻
ֻҪѲ°ãպٲĴ͡
޷Ͻˡ
ڿǱһǧľ޶ծ񣬱Ŭò²У
һͬؿȥıӰ޷̫ˡ
̲סʳ̣磬Ҫһǧӣ
Ƴһۣ
ѣĶң
Цһʼ˵£磬Ҳ鵽

Ϊսͽж£еձԽԽѹ֡
崺Ƿ׷׳ֵĻ̸̻̣ɫ䡣
ȻһжҸ޹ء
Ѻ󣬿Լã˲ʯ࣬Ӳȣʮ־ȡ
ȵǣ˵ĵطûôˡ
ո˯ѵʱһ㶼ۣŽʹ⣬ʹҪ֮ǰ΢ܶࡣ
Ҳȫŵ
имѣսҽҲ˼ġ
뵽սҪ󣬴Ҵù緹󣬾Ϳʼæµ
ǫ̫ۣӰƻָ֡
һ𣬻ʱ䣬ϳսҪĶ
ǫŶȥܹ¡
սġ
ţֱǫȥ˲̫ʣȥܹ¡
ܹԼǫ֪жҪӣܿ
ûҿǫʲôֻǫѶ¡
Ȼǫסַ˻ȥ
ǫȥս

սʹĶЦЦĶǿ죬Ұһѡ
ԣЩ棬ȴֲҶʡ
սⷭһ£Կƾʲôʵ֪òࡣ
ܽΣҲ
ͣ㿴𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵Ǹģĳδ
սһЩ
˵ڿ
˵ƽϵݸ͡
ͽӵϺԽԽľ
ݣʵǡ
Ҳƾȡʿϧﷸ£ǣ˹ū
ұ£һ˹µλá
ȴҲԵƾ١
Ȼ֪ƾ˽ȻѧȻóϵļֵ
ͲϷһĿʮеؿ̲סпдϵˣнʿ֮š
ԭԼѧϣȴ˲СĴ
˶ӣ
սͦˣոտʱҲܽúܲ
Ͼûͳѧ徭оƾ١
ǲĺãͲҿ϶ˡ
仰Щ
ʵãӡ飬˻𣿡
ĳţֻҪЩǿϣȻԸ⻨Ǯ£
ͼ˵̲סʣ뽫ӡˢɲᣬ
ȻǡսζЦЦҵ˼ǣԿһʿٳɰࡣ
;鶼
ʿ
ٳɰࣿ
Ҳ̫ˣ
¡²̫׵
С˵ǣս
һ󷢿࣬ս֮ǰû˵Ҫʲôʿٳɰѽ
ÿƾ٣¼ȡĽʿˣͬʿɡ
ʲôʿٳɰûнʿǻ
սʣкβף
˵Լĵǣ⡭ܹнʿ߲ˣǰѧѧδܿС
ս͵ٳɰֻǸṩһнʿĻᣬ֤һܹС
ͣ
Ȼ
ôãթأ
ս˵ҿƺѧȥ±дһݣؼȡһʣµԼ
֮Ҫÿ˿һЩ裬ȴ޷ȫȻ֪ܹѧྫ裬ף
ֻ֮¶һɻնʣµı뽻Ǯѧ
ͣ
̫ˣ
ʥǾ仰Ȼ˵û
ΨСŮҲ
Ӫ꣬ԭΪԼѾթˡ
һȣʵĪѽ
ԥһ£Сʣãʿٳɰ࣬ȡÑʣ
սζЦЦʵأ
ͻȻ
-

99 ˲¹ͷ

һС˵⡭봺ʱ޶࣬ٳɰÑöڰΣ
ӣսЦЦͻȻûжԸⱨࣿ
ͣ
ӲСĿԸⱨԩͷǲࡣ
ǳžӪٳɰĿģҲΪʿܹѧãĪҪΪȱ飬˹
սԴǵ˵ǮǮģʵν
ٳɰʦǽʿÑȻҪԵǵۡ
;Ķر˵ֱ˵ɣҪ٣
ٳɰఴʱշѣһڿεʱΪһ졣
һֻҪ˾ҪĿΣ͵ýÑ
ѧǿѡһζһڿΣߴڿΡ
ŻݣοԸۿۡ
սظͽһľ
˵ÿڿΰһٽʿͣѧܹǿ壬Ȼȹԡ
Կкüأڼһֱڿﲻó
ǿģֲ
ܶ˲ѧϧһץϹ
Ϊ岻ʰ;˳ڲ
ƾһΣһΣ͵ٵꡣ
սţ϶ԩͷԸĽʿٳɰࡣ
ֻϧҲֻռһȻ
պѵ϶ðܶࡣ
Ҳá
ռѫǶҰٳɰ࣬λǵ۾ˡ
ܹ˶䣬УӦᰲȫܶࡣ
ԹͶǾɡ
һңӵﻹס
̲סսһۡ
Ȼ絲ţʲôҲ
Ͱľ
Ҳ̫թˣǳ˲¹ͷ
ܹУ
Ͳ̫ȷš
սһըѣģЦʣڣûʲô𣿡
ûûʲôסͽŵ˵ĳͻȥš
ţϿɲй¶ˡ
ĳὫй¶ȥ
֣˵йܣĳԸͷ
սڰ֣ס˵Ļȥɡ
ߺսƽȥ꣬Ҫһͷȫ
ƽȥûþͻˡ
ŵʱЦеģʮָ˵ӡ
ǵɺˣ
Ųʺƨǹǰһ㣬ȥһξ챬
ū澸ղȥʱǸװͰ͵ĳӻʹû·أ
˵Ҫȫ˵ȥ
˵ȻǹҪģǻ׳Ĳźóԡ
˵ˮˡ
ôͻȻԵĿȫˣ
ԵĻֱ⿾ˣαط
ū澿˿δ⿾ĺóء
㲻
սĪЦЦ͡
ôȻԭġ

ƽ˵ģǱȻսСӣܿͿȫȸ
ȫر㣬ʱζƮһ·ֱˮ
ȫ͵ս˷ֳɺüݣ̫̫绹жȥ
ԼֻһСݣûԶ١
ֻԳ˳ζսͲˣʣµ͸ƽǡ
Ȼ˳ȫ˳ȥſʼɻ
ڳǰ׼õʳģһտ
Ƶʱζӷ϶ƮȥƽǸãˮˡ
ƫƫս˳Ų˽ȥƮζԽԽŨ
ֱĥˡ
ܿ죬˶ŵ˰տζ
ΧھӶŵˡ
ھǱǹӹ˵ζòУ׷˹ѯ
ȻʲôҲûʳ
˵Ƕµ϶սǶʲôóԵġ
սϾǹңó˵
Ժͱ˿ڣֶҶ˵
ʣ˵Ǹĳ²ˡ
ھǽһĽʺޣĳӸȥˣ
ܶҲû
ǲ˵ʲôǾ̲סˡ
Ϊ岻˼ȥԺ
̫̫ûˡ
˺ܿζ˾Ժ
˲֪˾Ȼս
Ȼȫ˳ȥһڳæ
ɰ̫̫Żˡ
̫̫磺ôԼأ˲ˣҪԼ̵ô죿
ҲĲѣǰοģзִ硣
⻰ҪǵЦ
մŰ衣
ִ磿
ʲô
˽ص˺һսŴš
ʱ䣬Ũζóȿֺس˳ȥ
̫̫۰Ͱ͵ؿսʵʲôˣ
-

100 ֵ

սһЦûʲô˵տ
տ
ǡտõģ
̫̫һۣϱʿˮ
ʲôտҲ̫ˣĶɶ
̫̫̲סҪʲôԣ
óʲôζ
ս˵ǾͿֻɡ
̫̫
磺
ǰòųսȥĿȫ
˵ǵģսõ֣˷ֺø
͵ʱ򶼻ðأ
ʳպľ̿£ӽҿʱζ˱Ƕ
ǽһ㰡
һսТģﻹ̵ס
̵سˡ
᲻÷ָˡ
ǳԵеš
˵ʱѾȥ˿һʱǶﻹûɾأ
֪սҪ⣬ǾͲôˡ
֮ǰȥĿȻ㣬ζստء
տȫ򣬿ö㰡
ϱԼͬţսеСԹ
òǹİɣ
һͷɵûѲʱ򣬵ȵˣ˵Ѿˣ
ϱڴؿսȫ
սûˣ
һͷѡɱȥƤζ͵òʱ
ȰڻϿʼζܿͳˡ
ζԽԽŨԽԽԵ
̫̫Ȼһֱ˿ȫ
˭Ҳûߣ˾Ժս˵
ģһɿȫζ
ζƮ˸ڡ
ɰΧھӸ̼ˡ
ǺòײŰ֮ǰĥȻ
ûˣ
ζô㣬Ҳ֪ڿʲô
ҹζֲ͸ǳô
͵͵ЩҲɵˡ
ʼԥҪҪȥ¡
ʱô˵أ
˿ζ죬ʳָ󶯣
ô˵ᰤɣ
⵶͵͵ˡ
Ӻҵ˳̡
Ҳڣȥš
⵶ʱüɫ˵磬Ҹ˵˸ӣĿǽһ㣬һҪȥ
Щ⶯ͻȻ⵶
ɫ΢΢һõʵôˣ㶢Ǳ𣿡
⵶ԥһ˲ʵ˵չȫζر㡣
ƺһرϣζйɺرζ
˲ȤŶ
ȴЩ֮ǰխZ˵ڼоʳѵģ
һоѵܱ
˵õؿ⵶⵶㴵ͷ˰ɣ
Уƨ
սû޵أͿʼƨˣ
⵶ĵ׷ۣԴǵ˵ζƺչżȻģΪ
µĴΣԲ֪
ʵǶѾ͵͵ˣζĺã
û
رθڣ
ϧ̫٣ı˷ֻ֣һ㡣
ԺǸмѾƺ֣Ҫֻܹͺˡ
⵶ڴš
ԭˡ
̹϶Գ˵ñҪȥΣͲȥˣԼȥɡ
ѣ
Ѿȥĳ̣𾪵صԲ۾
ǡˣ
ۿųԽԽԶ⵶ոյĻͻȻع񣬿첽׷˹ȥ𰡸磬Ҹһȥ
Ҫȥ䷹ôԲأ
Сʱ˭͵Ѽˣ
㲻ôû
ô
ţİɣ
ֵһȥ߽ͬ˾ŵԶƮζ
͵͵˿˲۾ˡ
ȴ⵶˵뿪ʱûô㣬ڸˡ
һʶ˵ͷȷʵ㡣
˵ͻȻӦ̺⵶ڿѾЩӲͷƤм˭֪ôأ
˭֪˵꣬̾ͲظˣԻȥˡ
˲ɵۣ
ֱ׳˵֮ǰ˵ΪԵϲĿ⣬һĳ
ӦȥأȥɣĪҪһ⡣
ѣ
Ұ㵱׸磬ң
ֻתߣȻζ˫žͲʹ
ǳԴǵ˵⵶ղ˵õϻйŹ֡
ºܸ֮ܿǰ¶İйأȻˣͲӲ
ţɲ
Դ֣
̼Ĳߣ̾˿ֻôƿȥ
·ϻõص⵶һۡ
㣡
˵ʲô
⵶
ĬĬ۹۱Ǳǹģװʲôû
Ӹϲ߽ôܹأ
Ҫȥͨ籨ţѾȥˣ
-

101 ѵ

̺ͳһٴξˡ
һֱԼԺﲻԸ岻òݼ
ȳһ˵սģ˵ɫˡ
ʱս
ôﲻԾأ
Ȼ̹鸹̣Գ̺ͳѵݣĸҰȥ
ֻܴȥ˾Ժ
ԺտϵѾðͣŨζջ˵ζ٣˿ˮֱ
ζƮȥǵø˻겻ᡣ
Խ뾪ԺζԽŨ
̺ͳζӿ˲ӡ
ɿ塣
˺ɵؿǰĴҴҵĳ̺ͳѣ͵͵һ
˵ʲôˣ
壺⻹ʣ϶ζģ
񣺲ܰɣλүУʲôɽ亣ζûԹ
壺˵㲻㣿
㣡ֱ̫ˣ
ʹûŹôĿȫ
˵ʲôտǶġ
֮ǰǹζտʱƮġ
ǼұԽԽбˣ
ϧ棬ǳԲĿȫˡ
Ҫ˵һ˸͵տȥ
ôţݺ˿
˵Ŀζ̲סп̫ˡ
˵ͷͬ˵ǰڱԽԽбˣóԵģϧûڸˡ
Ц꣺ǵܵܵģٲҪˡ
̲ס˵Ҫ֪ˡ
񣺡϶ἵǵģ
ߣ˸Ůûٸҫ
զ
Ů涼
洫ĶԻɫ΢΢һ䣬̲סͬ
˵ܵܰ
ùߵġ
ստ
ԽԽбˡ
Ҳ֪ǴѧЩϡֶΡ
ѲǴӹŹһȦ˱ˣ
ҪģָѪˡ
뵽񣬳̲̾סЦ
սϾδŵ
ϲҲֲһССĹӼƵŮ۸
ϼȻϲˮԼҲóˮζ
ղײգͽˡ
⵶˵ϴν£Զˡ
⵶һ±ƣ
ϴν£
ʲô£
ѵǡ
ͻȻпԽԽˣȥˮӶҪסˡ
⵶
ȻǼ£
⵶¸ˡ
ӣӶչԽԽ˰
֮ǰ˵ʲô˾û޸
ھȻؿʼչֹˡ
ǿλ¹ˡ
˵λ֪Ľˡ
ϧ˭ãǵչδ
ⲻ
֪үǻô
⵶ܿ뿪ȥ˳¼Ƶĸϣ͵͵Ǳ˽ȥ
ȴֵĻᡣ
ȥûãˡ
˵ģѾȥϷˡ
·þˮء
⵶׼ʱһʯӴڳϡ
һʹԽԱ߽ˮء
ͨһҽȥˮĽĳˮѾϣŵѾ˲ˡ
á
ڱˮʹң
Ȼһſڣˮӿ
ܿͱˣۿžҪȥ
ѾŷӦƴؼ
˰
ˮˣ
һѾֱȥץҪϰ
Ȼˮ̫ˣͻȻܿû
ֻǿųߣ˾Ϳʼ³
ϵѾһҲųȥ
ȴֲҲȳ
ڳҪǳ£ȴúõģ¼Źǣ
ѾҧȥҪѳϰ
ʣµзɱȥ˾ģҲվԭƴ󺰵ġ
⵶ڰۿųˮг
¹ԲסˣȻͦͬģ˭չأ
ҼүҪչͷֻίˡ
˵ףҲԼȣ輰չŰչһӡ
㲻ڸģչ˭ֵֹ˭أ
ģѾ߽˰
⵶û
ֻһѵҲˮӵʹࡣ
һ
δ˵Ҫ
ѾŽ˰ȴط
ˮѾҲûȥ
ϾʣһѾߣѳϰû
ˮѾۿűҪȥ
⵶üͷһ壬ɴ˰ϵѾߣˮ˾˰ڳߡ
ܿ죬һȺ˳˹Ҵˡ
⵶ڰǰѳͻ˷䣬ϴ軻£̫ҽΡ
ãˮŵʱҪսãֲսṦӹûôǿ
һͱȽա
-

102 Ȣ

⵶ûڳ¼̫ã̫ҽϺ͵͵˳¼ңȥҳ̸
̺ͳ䷹
⵶ҴҸϻʱ򣬾Ϳ̺ͳѳԵ㡣
壬խZһ㡣
սڡ
Ͼǹңֲǻ¥ĽֳĿܻڣ
̺ͳѳԵͦ㣬⵶͵͵ʿˮ
̧ۿ͵͵̵˵ͷžͱܼȥ÷ˡ
⵶һп⣬һ
Źܼҵ棬ֵúࡣ
ȹܼһߣȲƷ
һڣŨζը̼⵶ͨ泩θͣؽ
Ͻ̻ʵس
ֱˣδ
⵶Ƶؿſյӣ͵͵ӡ
ûԹء
ȻֻǸ䷹ĻܲҼӲˡ
ȫչģõĻչԼտ
Ҫ˼ӲˣүܷŹ
뵽³⵶Ͻҡҡͷ
̫ҽ˵ӹڱˮݵЩãܻܿ¹ëа
Ҳ֪ܲܵá
ǲܣҪһԹżˡ
⵶뵽λµӣЦЦ
ʲôãһ㲻á
λӣүɲһ·ˡ
˵ͳ÷鼫á
ǳüѣҲ֪ѡ
еˡ
⵶ֻţһڷĲˡ

̺ͳ뿪ʱ򣬳ԵòǺ㡣
˳ûãѾ̲סԹռҿζǺãǷ̫ˣҲ֪ȫҪͷ˼
̲õƳһۣһڳԵľͲˣӲٳԡ
ϲ˸𣿹Ѿòˣ͵ȥء
ŵʱ⽻˴ϣ˵ǽҪ̣óӶֺòˣ
ˣ
¸ˣ
ڵ
磬Ҫһȥɣٳһ١
ҲЩδӦˡ
һȥ˽ЦеسֱѴˡ
ֵۣһŮӣܲһš
ǰûٴԼҳӵա
Ȼһɫͱˡ
ζϮԼҵĿζͳˡ
Ѳĵسһڣ˲ˡ
ɫһ̲ס̿ȥ
ӶûἫˡ
˺ðΣͻȻһ䣺磬Ҫ˵һɩ飿
˲ɫ˵ʲôأ
Ȣ
ɻ¡س̶ȴǸӵ棬λ
ҴҰȢţøϲƵģʲôӣ
вãһ鿾ݺҧһڡ
ΪռҵĿȫһֵԵò̫ˡ
Ҳ˸
ȥ󣬴ϲҳѡ
ɫƺ̫ˣһ
үѵ˲죿
ԽԽ߹ȥ̽ʵүôˣе㲻ˣ
ˡ
ذ˰֣Թҽȥ˿ȫζǸ㰡
һЩģүԹˣζ𣿡
ûвС˼˳ڴζȻˣҲͷ̽ȥ
Ƿ߯٣ѹͲԣ绹ϸԵ࣡
𣿡Ͽһδģˣӣүϲ
Ҫȥʣôģøĳ
ȥˣûõġõƵտǧȥʣ
طֶģ
ռҪͨ˼ҲͰˣ
ϸδɩӣ
Ҫ֪ȥռҴΪָʹô죿
̫ԩˣ
֮ǰ˵ϽȢţȻң
ѷ߷߲ƽرԹΪҲ֪϶ͲøϽȢأ
һɫЩӲˡ
Դӵ֪Լ˶üѡ
һֱĻʧ裬Ȼųѳ谮Ůˡ
սһ˶ִͻս˼⡣
̲סսȽϡ
սãжѾĽˡ
үȻ˵սأͲЩȢš
ܹ⣿
սð
ĸȻ飬Ѽźүĺ£͵ġ
һֱܵڣ
˵սռʮܳ裬ȫҾһŮ
ͬ˲ͬ
ȻѾסֻܿԼ
üսˡ
-

103 һ

˵ȥռҲ˶ٷҲʲôû
һصͰȥ͵æ
дսҪ̲͡ġ
ڵڶ죬ԺȻؿ
ζԶ
һʳͷ׷ȥʣҪһݡ
˭֪ĻƾȻ˵ƿȫ򣬻
˵ʲôƷ
Ҫʲô״Ԫ¥Ĳȯܶһ
ǣʲô״Ԫ¥ѹû˵
ϸһʲ֪Ȼ׼һ־ͽ״Ԫ¥
˹ˡ
ռһȺ赶ŪǹģȻҪ
Ϲʲôְ
˭ȥ
ף
ʲô
黹ܳ齱
ƷдȯͲȯ
˽ѳһ٣
ȣ
ʲô״Ԫ¥ǿȥ
ѲѵĲҪؼǾϲ飡
㰡
ռҲǵģôǲأ
ԸǮ
ûãõͱ̴˹
ȻƤ۸״Ԫ¥ҡ
̫ӺѵϢƤԡ
һֶ̫նյͣˡ
뵽ֵܹϵͣסˡ
˷ʺȥŸһȾƳ⡣
̫һζ̵񶼱òԾˣ
̻ڼʣ
⼫ˡ
̫ôˣ
ֲֻ
Ե
ϴġ
꿾⣬̸Ͻˣ±۴סһ١
ͷϢ۵֪״Ԫ¥£ǽһڣ
ֱ̹ȥ
̲ҲȥȵۣȻһ١
۳˳̺һʵǸʲô״Ԫ¥ô£
ǰû˭ôڹô£ôͻȻˣ
ûʲôֻͻȻãӦΪȫ¶˳һ
Դǵ˵ʵϣͻ룬뵽һӡˢ鼮·ʽʹ㿪ԡ
ƣɹĻԺӡ鼮ܹһЩķѣݼ¶ˡ
𣿡˲Ȥʲô취
˵ʲô֣ܲܳɣҪ顣ķѣЧΣҪԹ˲֪
ʷģһֱ˶ţֻҪҳЧĻһʡ
ص˵ͷͦڴţǾ԰ɡ
λ֮ǰһһ壬¶ڸ
ǵн鼮ɱķӣƹĻӦвٺô
֮ǰսңķѲС
⼸˻ϣʱʱ͵ò֡
е顣
ռоʡӡ
С۶ţ˳̲鰸Ľȣ
ʵʵ߳ȥȴ˿
ǹˡ
˻ͷպ˵״Ԫ¥Ҳ̫ġ

ΪռƮζ״Ԫ¥δȻ
٣ǲǰűսͽжһŵòᡣ
ҪȤһ¡
״Ԫ¥Ϣһܿ촫ǡ
˶۷׷ףǸʲô¥
ͨմ棬ô㿴ֵ˼
һЩʿǾͺܲˡ
ǸǴΪģǳмռҵռڻȡ衣
ԥսĽõϢ¶˾ġ
ڴǰ֦ͷŵ÷ſƮ㣬ЦЦ
Щ÷ã˷ֻҺүܹǹˡ
÷ɣЩӦûϲ
һԣֺǺǵЦЦ˭᲻ϲأ
һʱսյ˽ӡ
һۣ֪ǽҪ÷磬ȥ÷
ζЦЦ
Ȼûв´λùߵĽͦ
Ŵ״Ԫ¥Ϣӡ
ס
ĴֻҪɵӣܲµó
ʱͻ
ֻǲ֪λô
÷綨˺죬ô̵ʱ䡭ǹġ
Ȼ˼ҶѾӣвȥĵ
ֻǲ֪Щˣ
ԭŰ裬ԴԽδԭġۡ
ѵ˵ԭһۡûУȫǵˣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ս룬ƽ˵ƽȥ˭ӣ
ƽϲԣúܣܿȥϢˡ

ʿɸ
ɺĿƵؿŸոյӣͷһƬȡ
ôãǵȵˣ
ڲռŽλãҲȣ
ʱֻҪܹϽãֲܳΪµĽ
ڵȵһˡ
-

104 

յӺս״Ԫ¥Ľȡ
֪¥ڽܹĵسﱸѾо˳Ѿʼӡ飬Ե
ͻսһϢԭ˷˻ӡˢֻǲδܵӣҲδƹ㿪
Ϣæ˸ģҲֻ֪ǰûӡ飬ľͲ̫ˡ
Դˣսʵ֪
ϾǴӺģӡˢôķȻ˽
ӡˢʵǰͷ˳
ֻǲδõӡ
ȻҲûƹ㿪
ֻһЩ˲
Ŵ鷳Ϣͨǳ͢ƹ㣬ȻҪƹ㿪̫ˡ
οӡˢҲûб׶ˡ
ȵֻǧĻ֣ȻҪǧĻѡҪģг飬ӡˢ
Եú鷳
Ŵ˿٣ʶֵ˸١
ƽʱ飬ʲô徭ֳͨɵĵ棬ֱӡˣҪʱȥ֡
ֻбдӡ飬ӡˢʱ򣬻ֵƲ˳
ֻ£ӡˢܹƹ㿪йˡ
սʼʱҲû뵽;Ȼûӡˢ
֮ΪӡˢȻȡͦ鷳ڲҪӼǧȥ֡
ȫ԰ݣһ߿һӡˢ
ʡȥ˺ܶ鷳
ù˺ְܶ취Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬ý֡
˸ʡİ취һƽľ֣ȻľмľƬֳһεĸӡ
ȻѵõĽװѹѹ
ȡͳһ֡
֮ûӲͿŰӡˢ
ֵİ취е±
ͬĵطҪɳ״ģҪɸӡ
ְ취ĺôǣ͸ӿͬʱС
ҵʱд©Ҳûϵ
ֻҪֵʱ򣬰Ѵþˡ
ӡˢҪģȻҪȵķѹöࡣ
ֱӵ̳ģΪģѹƳ֣ȻҪʡ²١
ֻҪźһ֣ͿԿʼӡˢ
Σȷ÷ٶȾͿ
͸ս㱨ʱ򣬹Ѿӡˢ˲ҳ
֮ǰսȥȣ򺲱дϵʱ򣬹ǾѾʼ顣
յϷ׷
ʼû֡
һõ壬ǾͿʼŰӡˢͬʱӽҪõĻ֡
սٶȻǲ̫⡣
ȥӡˢĵط˿ӡˢЧʻǱȽϵ͡
һǳ׵ӡˢ
ǳӷǵͣŰõĻ̶ֹڡӡϣӡиֱ
ӡϷӦλûһ׻飬ûɰѡӡ
һͷ̶·Ľ̤ϣýһȣͿ԰ѡӡ
Ȼˢīִֽš
ϼ߿򣬷ֽŶλ
ְסֽһƣ׾ٵذֽƵ̶λá
Ȼ󽫡ӡ£Ϊӡְ汾ּԺɵӡֽϡ
ĻսʵڼªΪʱޣû취һĸƺ͵
Ȼڹ˵ȴ
ӡˢ򵥣Ҳ졣
Ч˲١
֮һܹӡˢʮҳ
һСʱٶš
ΪʩѹӡˢּҲʮ
ϻʡӡˢʱϲӡˢһҲôۡ
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬̵ʱõĴǼ֣ҲǼ֡
岢ǺڹŴкܶࡣ
ӡˢ鼮ʱΪ˷㣬ͻü塣
սûаѺļóֻзӡ
õֻеļ֣һЩֻûмģֻܼԭķ塣
ȵսȥμ÷ʱӡˢѾһ롣
ֻҪʣµӡ꣬ͿԱඩ顣
ΪҪû취еҳȫųֻһ

÷죬սȹ**ˣĸѾһȥ˽
ȻԴ
÷磬˲ˣȻֻսҪġ
ѾǽҪֺõ˲ࡣ
˹ŻʺҲֻսδ
ЩӵŮѾ׵ģȥֺá
δ׵ģÿһܳΪľ֣ϲ
ֱս̫ԣŲ÷磬ô˵
Ȼһֱ˶ſڣʱʱҪһ䣺չ𣿡
սȥò磬Ͳһ˵Ŀ⡣
ʶ˹ȥܿҵǵĿˡһȹɺɫŮ
սĬĬԼȹӡ
촩ȹҲǺɫ
ԡǲײ
Ȼҵͦġ
Ůʲôݣ
-

105 ɺ

սͻȻԽԽĿ⳯˹
ƺںô
üȻʾһһ˹ȥ
ʱȹŮͻȻ˵ս˵˶ӿô񣿲׽ɣ
սɫһõؿǣ
ȹŮ˲ɵۣ
ȻͻȻӦŭ˵սװʲôװ᲻ʶƭ˭أ
Ŷԭ㰡
սЦЦ˵ʵû˭
ɿһ£ȴûʷʱʲôĿ
ҲͲˡ
һѣжҪ
󶼿ܼ޸ŵģοһ
Цʵո˵׽
һʣһ߳λ˹ȥ
ƽ״һ߸ϣһСս˵˻ҲǵģֲñϲȻǹҲ¸л
սһ㶡
ŮȻ˻
˻ʷϵļز࣬ǸûʲôڸеС͸
޵ķ˲ʤ̡
ΪĲӰӾﾭ˻Ӱ
ЩӰӾ˻Ǹ档
ɷǶӰ棬Ϊ˱
˻ĸǻ׳
ͦߣʵʲôҪ
ǰһֱֺûĵۡ
Ŀܻû
ֻ֪Ǹ裬ⱲӶõˡ
ƽô˵û˵
սȻǿͻݱ˻߶ˡ
˻Ȼڽж¡
пӰɣ
ĻһĶҪˡ
Ȼǲµ˺ݣ¶Ѵ
ͳ񶼵ù͵˻Уòô
˻ƺûԼôкβףصսŭ˵ѵǣ㿴㣬˶𣿡
жһ£££Լ̫ҽ̫ҽȷϹġ
սߵ˻ǰ俴˵ûж˼£»λ̫ҽ۾
⻰һ˻˲ҰСȻǱŵˡ
ҡô˵սң
˻ٴҲ֪ͬʱͽʲô
λүŻʺֵ۳谮̫ӶҪâ
ǲǾûк³
ս̫ˣȻȻô˵
˻ĻŲѣ̲סԱߵŮЩվˡ
սһۣŮ
ŮŴ磬ӦҲǹٻǧ
սе졣
ֻһʱ벻˭
ʣλҵŮ
˻ղſѲǱģ
սɲСЩʮŮ
У԰ﻹУ԰ء
ŴЩŮӵ˼ҪȺУ԰Сˡ
Ͼ˵磬ִСںԺĿȾ
ܵĶȥ
ս˵ô˵ģ
˻˲ɵˡ
ô˵
ϻǲϣ
㲢δô˵ֻǿսŰ۸˰ˡ
ܳأ
Ҫǲϣ˵ЩԼ˵ģ
ͽҪ֪ˣô
˻һʱ᲻ѣôҲò⡣
սǶһϲ
˻Ǵ˵㣬˵ǲ
˵ǷԱŮġ
ֻǣԼ붼ף˵˵
Ҫ˼ء
˻ۿսɺŵصɺǰĸСƵģԼ˵ģ۸㣡
ǿͽҲɱɣ
ս΢΢һ
㣿
ѵŮɺ
ǲ̫ȷֻŮӣܶϵģӡһɺ
ĻǾͲˡ
ɺǳСӣϵ
ͳ񲻶ԸɺȻΪС
ͻҲЩΡ
ʷϣͻ̵Ӧɺ
ȴ
սۣٴδɺͻȻΪΪʲôŮˡ
ԽչһЩҵļ䣬ȫ
оͰˮǰһĻ
ʱˮߣʵһŮ
Ůǰˣ
ɺ̫˼ˡ
սʵ˻ҲҪô˵𣿡
⻰һ˻Ըˡ
սģȴɺķӦ
˵¡ɺ˽֮⣬ﻹһЩܸӵĶ
׽͸
-

106 

սɺķӦʼվ˿ɡ
˻һֱɺͻȻ˵սƾʲôôţ۸˳½㻹۸㣡
ƾʲôȻƾ°սһЦһٻģ˵ˣҪ۸ңֱӴȥҳ
⻰һɺɫԸÿˡ
սԴ￴ŨŨİûڡ
Щ棬ɺڰûʲô
ɺʲôðûڵģ
ѲɣĲ²ǶԵģ
ͻǴˮɺйأ
ǰɺ̫ˡ
ʲô

Խ
羹Ȼ˵ֻ
˻𾪵ؿսһܴģҲţ϶ѣ
ɺҲɵؿս
ǲţ
ս޿֡
ȷʵû˵
Ǹȥ
ȥˣӣѵϣ
˻ᣬսͻȻʵս㣬ǲ˰ѳ½ˮģ
ˮˣսһʲôʱ£ô֪
˻װʲô޹ɵģ½ôͻȻˮ
սŲæطʣںδˮ
½ȻԼҺԺˮҪûúõôˮ
˻ŭСûеˣ㻹˭
˻⻰ͲˣΪҪˮʲôô
ս˵㶼뵽ˮ£ɣѵһ벻
ҵǾãˮģΪľϴԼ¶ɣ¼޻ҡ
ﵽڴ˵µĶ
һˮ˭ô룬϶ܿ
ҪȾزǾ͸ˡ
ʱ˭ĻµĶأ
ǼѧԨԴĴŮпõò
˵½Ųˣ
˻ˣŻŵ˵½㱻Ѿ߾ϰˮﻹѾߡ
ѾͻȻ˴˹ȥ˸ʱˮѾѾڰϣ
˵ʱ϶һ˶ڰһУ
ģֻ˭
ҿں˵˵ս¹ֱ˵£ɲҵķ񣡡
ս˵Ҫˮֻش¼ң԰ƽˮ
˵ˣ¼ֲͨ˼ңʲô˶Ǳȥģ
˻ҲСˣӿڳĵװɣ
ǳ¼ǱȥҵŮԺôˣ
Ϊô˵м޲ɼ
˵սͻȻһתԣ㿴Ҳô᲻֪˵ֻĺ
òǹİɣ
Ұͬʱ˳ڣִܸԵ裬һ㵽ʲô
߶ֵе
Χв˶͵
ս⻰һ˿˻񶼱ˡ
Ҳ˵ˮµǲսģͳ˻³ûģ
Ҫǵʱһ˶ڰ˭֪˻Գʲô
οܹǱ¼ҺԺ¼ҵŮﻹڿԣ
飬˭һ˵
˻Ȼô˳
ûİɣ
ɺɫ䣬𾪵ؿ˻ս
ۿųڶûˣҲ̲סˡ
չﻹԣ˻Сԣһʱ鼱˵˻չαغʳ
ɺɿ˵Ǳ¸ȷʵ޻̸֮캮ض½Լˮ
Ѿ߱˳½ˮ˵Ǳ˴Σ˷롣
ļ
δŵĴɩûڣ¼ҳЦң磬ͨͨҪЦ
˻Ҳǵģôܰ˵
ɺ⻰˵ЩһЩ
սȴԸôŹ
ɺ˵Ѿ߱˻˭
Ů˻ڸģʱˣɳӰ
Ѿ߱򣿡սЦЦ֪мѾ߱򣿡
ɺȥõ˵չǳ¼ҵ¡
˻Ƴˮʱ¾Ѿǳ¼ҵ£
ս˵ܲңҪұţˮ
Ȼ˵Ѿ֪߱ʵ飬˵С
Ļ䣬Ů˵ǹȥ
սһЦƵؿɺ˻Ѿ˽ȥǰú˵˵
ɺɫˡ
ִˡ
ǡ
-

107 սִˣ

ս˺ܿ챻˽ǰ
һ仨ž÷辰
Ҳ÷ζ
սߵſڣͲԽȻĴ
ɫش˴Ȼһۣ΢΢һЦ
ȻᣬֻϻױŸͷҪʵ첻١
սȥʱֻ΢ЦԸʣƽ׽ˣ˲Ҫ׽
սüһȻ
ŴŮӣĻǸ
ʮŮɲС
֪жһ£ﲻ֪ൣء
ȻЦú覴ã·˿ûжӰ졣
ĻͳǸǳܱȣ
ѹʷһֱûã˽λֱ꣬λƽУźްܱ
ɵСĵ
һһ񣬴ȻЦ¡
ȻЦؿ˻˻˵չʲôᣬô£
˻ȻЦᣬʵôȻġ
ظ״ҸŲʲôᣬ˳½ˮ
֪̫ˣ䡣ϣܻ½ڣ
ɩӣ˵ǲǺܹ֣ʵ̫۸ˣ
ȻһϵЦݶЩӲˡ
ΪŮս˻ݣһֲ©
˻˵ս˶׽ĻҲˡ
Ҫ˵ụ̂ǲܵġ
սû취ս⡣
ﲻǵ΢Ц֪ĳְ
ֻ˻ʵǡӾôģ
Ȼ֪ʣŶ¹ˮʲôʱ£̫ҽˣ
˵ɺ˵ɡ¹ˮô£
ɺ˵ˣֻǴȻûܲóȻڽ͡
˻ᡣ
ɺ˵ʵ˻ˣ½ǲСˮչûϵ
ԭ˵ǳѾ߱ˣսǷﻹô˵
սˮ֮󣬵ǱԽԽˣ
ʵڿɺޣ
֪ˣֺαƲսͻ
Ϊսˮ֮󣬻ǰһ˭֪ǿսҪͷ
ƲǱս
ɺں޲ѡ
֪Ͳá
𣿿ô˵Ȼϴš⡱֮ɫЩɵʵҺ˵¹Ѿ߱ô£
˻һ⻰ԽôȻġ
Ǽ˵ɩӣ㻹𣿿϶˳½ѾߣƳ½ˮѽ
⻰һȻû˵ʲôɺȼˡ
͵͵ŴȻҪڽͣȴִ˼룬ϣȻܹսϣܾˡ
ԥŲ֪òý͡
ͬʱַؿս˵Щʲô
սԴУ
˵ʵ֪Ĺˮʱ߶Щˣ
һڣɺ̲סĻš
ǸϽ͵½ӦǲСˮ֮ǰһʱ鼱˵˻չԭһʱڲԡ
սЦ֮ǰĵ˵Ѿ߱˳Ĺˮ
ȴ˵һʱ鼱ڲ˵˻Ҫԭ㣬ÿЦ𣿡
ɺĲãʼվսܹͻĹ͡
ۿսͱˣץ˵ĻϷţŭ̲סӿ
ǰĶ磬ɺ̲ס˵չѾԼ˵˻ҲǸֺαͱˣץŲţ
ЦҾһʱ鼱˵˻Ūʵ֤Լ׾ͱˣﻹǺô
սվ߹ȥֱӸһӡ
ѩ׵ıӡžһɺϣϵ·˲˺һĿӡ
ɺʹòҽһ͵̧˫ۣս
Ҳˡ
˭Ҳû뵽ô˵棬սȻҴˣ
˭֪ս޿ֵؾ˱ӣЦЦǸҸղһʱ鼱һӣڸǸ֪ȵ㣬ԭΣ
⻰һ˵ɫ˲ùŹ
Ⱦս̫ţ̲סЩЦ
֮ǰɺ˵ʱǲδʲôԣսôһ֣ɺǷ˵ͻȻͱζ
Ҳǣɺ˵˵˳Ѿߣڰʾս
սȻǸöԸģǵ˽ǰɺָĿ˵ǲСˮ
Ѿһ£˵Լ˵˻ս׷ȷʵЦЩ
Ҫ֪һ⻰ȥ˶ΪսЯ˽ѾƳˮ
˭ɺǲ˵˻أ
-

108 Ƶ

ȻɺǱģЩҪЦ
սжͷ˶ڴԣ˵ǳµĶ
Ȼòǳ񣬿ɻ̲סǨŭӴ˸̣Գ񳹵û˺øС
γˮӱȷʵս
սŰ´ȥսӰҲ
ǳ񣬺ܿʧڡ
ǱѾˮǱʲô˸ˮмĲɾʹˡ
˻˵Ѿ߱˴Ρ
˭֪ѾߵǸûжԳʲô
ѹɺἱææĿ˵ǱѾˮ
Ȼ´ȥڿԣ
ʱdɾҪǵЦˡ
ֻɺԲģǵսʳ
ǸĿ˵Ѿ߱Ƴˮ
ǰȴָĿ˵ǳԼСˮ
εĸĿڣ浱˶ɵӲɣ
ȻЦ㿴ɺǱȴǶͬ鲻Щֻ
ͬʱҲа裬սʵǲöԸ
ĪҪΪá
ս˵ڼҼܳ谮ҲΪά
﾿룬ӱάսġ
ڵսǵ̡
Ҳ˻ƣŻ᲻۵ȥս
Ȼûսá
ɺ˵ȻչѾǸԭɡչǸˣһʱ嶯Ҳпԭ
ɺ
𾪵ؿŴȻôҲû뵽ȻȻ˵ֻȻ̻ս
ȻϿڣɫõ˵ĪǲԸԭ£
ԭչһʱ嶯չȻҲԭĿڲԡ
˵ս΢Цʵչ˵Ŀɶԣ
սҲЦЦ˵úܶԣȡͶľңұᱨ֮
ҪҪͱһҲҰٱ
˵ʱ⿴ɺ˻˼Զ
˱ŵ̲ס
˻ոۿսñӴɺǵô˵棬̬ҲС
ټսս˵ҲҴ
ŲҪӣ
˻ŵɿͷȥɺķӦȥս
̫ãȻվɺͷսԣʵ
ս̫ˣ˾ʹˣĲ밤
۵ġ
˻ˣ˾͸ɺͷ
ڳ˭ҲɵóȻվսһߡ
ҪվɺͷҪȻսˡ
ֻǿɺǱģ׻˲ģ㵱˺С
һŮ΢Ц˵캮ضĹǲСĲȻˮ
˻ãԺɱ꣬Ͳˡ
·ˣдõ·ûУɵøϽ·ϡ
˵˶٣ֳȻ˵ɩҿ÷ˣ
ʱ䲻磬ǻǿЩȥ÷ɣĪҪⷬźá
˵ֿսս㣬˵أ
Ůĸͬһλ֦ҶĹ
ʱվС
ֻսδͳ̴飬ֱӽСɩδԵ̫ġ
ս㡱ʾ׽
սһЦ˳Ļ˵˷ȷʵùˡ
ɺҪɿ˭֪ս˵ȻﲻԸԭңͿϣҾͲƽˡ
˵赭дȴǰ˵ɺȣɺҧ
ɺвޣȴ֪ԼٱϿ̱СֻŭͲʣȵ˵εȷдȣչѵҲӦõģչ
⻰˵üΪѣս˵ʵܴ衣
Ը޸ҲԸصǰĸޣƲսͻ
δޣӦ
սƾʲôţ
սӵеһУȫøսģ
ɺԽԽޣޱȺԼƲ
Ѿսܸ˰ɣ
ɺս
սҲЦζ
ɺսϵЦݣе쳣
裺սʲô
Ҽǵ㡣սͻȻ˵ˮʱڳߡ
㵱ʱûסһѡȻƾһ˵ܰˮ
ɺ˲伤˵ûУ
ĳˡ
ô
սôǵô
ʱôң
ԣս˵ˣûƳ
ֻǡֻǳսһѡ
-

109 ɱ˲Ѫ

ɺĻҲѣתת飬͵͵۲˵ɫ
һ̳ȥ
˶ڻ
սսǹģ
ǺúݶŮˣ
ֻϧǴˮûҪ
ȻᱻսǱ
ɺƴԼ侲Ȼ⵽չǴ˰ɣ˳½㣬½᲻֪
ʲôѲµģδޣ֪ѵܽ㹩ô޸磿
սȻ˵ɺĻᣬֽܿ˵ˮ£沢޴ԣӦǳ¼Ϣ
˻˻ô֪£
˵ս㲻ٶԣתߣ̫ƣȥͻʧˡ
ɺôɴ뿪׻
սǶǸͲĻᡣ
֮£ֻܳضԴȻ˵죬Ůδ
Ȼ΢ЦŴ㲻ýͣǶ֪սǸˣĹ㣬ֻڸ㿪Ц
ɺ⻰ò
Ц
ֻڿЦ
Ȼʲô˼
ô̻ս
սû޸أ
ȻôֺãδҲ̫ˣ
Ϊֺսܹסλ
ôܣ
ɺвޣȴ˿ʮֹŹ֡
һ漴ͻȻӦսղǷҪ׻
սЩﻹԣ
ʱȻԸ˵½ҹȥҲͰˡ
ǡȻվսǱߣҪսԸ
ɺĿɨˣϣܹվִԡ
Ȼû˿ڣ˶ɵؿ
Բ̫ʹ˻ʱսС졣
Щ˵ؿɺ㣬㵱ǹ˵Щ𣿡
仰ѹյһݣ׸ɺ̡
ɺܵſڽͣ˻ˣҡ
ʱȻͻȻˣ岻ʣظ
ɺ𾪵ؿŴȻҲû뵽ȻȻظȥ
׻ˣҡŮ
Ȼ΢ЦŴȻ岻ʣȻȥΪáﶼڳ֮ŮĲ˱ˣɾҵˡ
ɺҪ飬ȴ׳͸ץסֱۣǿ˳ȥ
ȥʱÿս
ֻվһ÷ԣ͸֦ЦЦؿ
֦ͷĺ÷Ѫ·սҲȾѪɫ
ɺ۾˲ˣ·ֻصǰսɱ׵ı㡣
ʱϾʹѪǵĶ
öǰʹ࣬ٲսĵ¡
Ʋսͻ
ǣΪʲô
ѵ˶ͱ㣬ȴҪԼ
սûɱȴɱݣ
Щ絶ȴɱ˲Ѫ
սЩⱲѾ׻ˡ
ЩǴ½½㶼ҪĻ٣ԭ
ʲô
ֻڱѡ
սǰͱôңѵҲ
֪ˣͲսͻ
δޣսǰ˷
ɺҪٿȴ͸һѣɣ
ɺƵģȴǸŭԡ
ʱսͻȻʵô£ҪȥĶ
ոջɷ͸ЦչĻﲡˣѲˣūȥ
սһЦԭǾ͸Ͽȥɣɱˡ
ɺ̲סһս㡭
ս΢Ц˵ʲô
ɺȴͻȻʧȥ˼˵ȥ
Ҫǵ˳Ӷս˵ʲôݻ»ȥԺҪˡ
ɺ뵽Եĺֻסģе˵䣬չһҪغ壬ҾȻȥˡ
սЦúƼˣҲأ캮ضģ𿿽ˮأСĵȥ
ɺһָײġ
սв
Ѳɡ˽½ˮ
в
ɺȷ
֪ȻصȴĿ϶ǿꡣ
һصϣɺʹ
òײŵôᣬ˽ûþͱ˳
ûܸã
ԺҲˡ
֪һᡭ
սۿɺ뿪ͬ顣
ȷʵЩݡ
Ȼɺܿߣ֪أǿҵĵ⡣
ʰɺѵҪɺʰ
˭ɺԼݰѱģ

-

110 

սɺ˳ȥӿʼ÷
ò˵÷ȷʵֵĲ
Ŀ
սµţϲСʾϲūȥҽĻʣ÷ôֳġ
ս˵ͷţȥɡ
ߣƽΧûʲôˣ̲סСոǸô°𣿡
֮ǰŻúõһˣôͻȻˣ
˱Ӧɣ
սܵ˵ԣˡ
֮ǰڻ˵ʱ򣬽Ѿȫ˳ȥ˹ܲסԼ졣
ƽ˲巢ʲô
ƽսĻ̲ס˵ȻĲˣһΪװأ
һԵͶรۡ
ƽ
ں˵˵Ȼˣ
ոճûãɺͱ˳
⻹ʲô׵ģ
ɺ϶йء
ɺڲԵ˹Ϊʾãͽ˵ɺ˲ɺ˳ȥ
ĬĬ︹ƽȴҲ͵͵˶䣬Ҫԡ
սȴʲôҲû͸¶ֻζЦЦ˭֪أ񲡵Ĳᡣ
ѾһԽɺⲡ⡣
ûǼȥʹһȺ͸߹ǧ˹
˲٣ԶԶȥʮ׳ۡ
ƽһĬĬ˵һߣµסǵ·
ܿ죬Щ˾͵ˡ
ڻ԰ɢ԰е
սмŮܿ첼ú¯ӵҪ԰衣
ɨһۣûȤ
ҪǾʹȥЩˡ
սҲûߣһ֦ؿ棬ʼ޼ɵشˡ
ݲԵʣڳЩǧǣģ
ģģҲ㡣
һ˹ֶûС
ֻϧЩ˵ĻױЩױҲƫڵ
ȻЩ˿϶ÿ
ҪܹӣƳĻױƷ϶
ֻϧڻǶ죬ûʲô
뿪֬ӣʱҲûӡ
ɸΪ֮ҪƳĻױƷҲԭϲС
Ȼʲô
ڿȼƻ΢ůЩ͸׼ˡ
սŷƵļƻ˭֪ȻͻȻߵ£΢΢̧ͷЦؿչﵹ⡣
ս˳Ļ˵ͦģҾطͦ𣿡
Ȼɫ΢΢һЦûѧ򣬾Ͳȥˡ
ֲսСϰ䣬ĸô
Ȼ֦ϣҲ
սʱһźŶ̫źˣطĺܺãܲˡ
Ȼֻ˵ҵǾãҲ㲻𣿵ȻҪˣ㲻볢𣿡
սؿ֦ϣȲˮˣȥҲ١
Ȼܾ˺üΣﲻЩ黳
սȥֻ˵״Ԫ¥ϢѾ˵ˣֻǲ֪״Ԫ¥ʲôʱţ
ҼҲֳҪμδǣ¥ˣһҪЩ͸ǣָͷ
ô룬ֳһܹСսϿ޵ȴת˺ü䣬˵¥ڳﱸ֮УٹܿšҪĻʱһ˶ˡ
⻰һȻ֪ôˡ
˵ʲô飬Ǹսס
뵽սȻһ㶼
̫ˡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ļ۸ֲˣôԸ飿
˵ܶѧûʲôǮΪʡǮīֽ⣬᲻飬ܳͳ
ЩҲԸЩǽԵԻṩĻᡣ
ռ˾˵ʲôӡ
ռҵţҲ֪᲻ô
ǲôҪڱˡ
뵽Ȼ;սһá
ʵ˵һЩʿϲг顣״Ԫ¥˳𣿡
սȻ˵Ȼ״Ԫ¥ʿṩ㣬ܲ׼˳أ
Ȼһ֪Լȥˡ
תʵҪǮɣЩӣȴ֪ȥʲôãҴոӣ
ռãѫ
㿪״Ԫ¥Ҳ׬ʲôǮ
ոӣսá
ЩǮҲͼ״Ԫ¥ܸ棬ֻ͸սˡ
սӦòܾǮ
Ȼ⣬ȻǣսûдӦ
ֻί˵¥Ĺɶ£Ҫշӣ´ӦС
-

111 ŵԩͷ

ȻһҪѯʳ̵˼ЦݾЩӲ
ʵЩ³ˡ
֮ǰٹڳ̵Ĵš
ʲô裬ɱԡ
˵Ǹɱ˲գ۵Ķħ
ʱɱѪ·겻
۴ıʱ򣬶α͢ΧȫɱѪ·
ɼж׺ݣһ۲۵ɱ
ȻҲɱ˲ˣȴûг˵
֮ǰʵر£һֱԼڳ
֮ŷֳѲûô¡
̲һֱڣȻηųˡ
ÿγϣòʱһֱĵ
̫Į˵ʱɱ˵ĵÿζľ
Ҹ߳ѡ
̽ѶԳرݣ˵һ䲻ǣѿ϶Ź
ǰң͸Ӳҡ
ںͳӵ¡
Ҹ
Ҳûᣬ˭֪ô룿
ҲգҲոӣֻҪսʾðˡ
Ȼս˾ֺα᣿
Ȼү⣬ҾͲˡ
ȻЦЦҪչ㣬ԺпյĻԶ߶߶
˶˵ʵһ;У·ܾǰͼƵġ
һ⸮ʵЩģܹңٺòˡ
Ȼô˵ҿɾȴ֮ˡ
ս΢ЦӦ£׵ֻϣʱĪҪҷźá
ȻЦôܹңҸ˻ء
˵˻ȥȲ衣
ˮ÷ȡѩģ͸ĵ÷ζ
Ȼ˲ٵģһ÷÷״ģ£ζҲܲ
Ůǳµĵģ̲סڳޡ
Ҳ֪úãҪֺôȻ
սҲӵĿ䣬ξޡ
ӺԽĸ̫࣬ģ£ζֺõĸ㣬˲֪٣ڱ÷ס
ȷʵòɼȻ˼׼ġ
ùǼ˹԰ӣȻ˿Ʒ
սճ˼ڣʵչ⿾ɺθڣ
սЦЦ
۲ߡ
ʵζȷʵֻ⿾ûмܾζ
һֿʳζйɵĿɬζԵúܲϰߡ
Ȼ֪Ҳ֪ս
˵Щʧ
˵Ŀȫ̲סʵү֮ǰԹһȫ򣬻޲ڡ
˵չﻹʳǵȫչտζǳ
үԹ֮һֱ֪չɷտ䷽ҡ
ҿչﱣ֤տֻڸԲᴫȥ
սЩȣҪǮտ䷽
ȻЩŵص˵ͷ֪ЩçײܿܵսΪסѣòðա
ŵʵչԸңһһļǮ
ս˵տ䷽ǲ㣬ֻǷƿȫһζرĵϡ
ֵżȻãеĴࡣ
Щӣһ֡
ûζϣֻտĻζ١
Ļ㻹Ҫ𣿡
Ȼһ⻰ԥˡ
еǮҲر࣬Ҫսе䷽϶úķѲ١
ҪζܶĻͰ׷ѹˡ
ԥһʵչɷһЩӸңҿ¡
ս˵ȻԣֻҲ֪ô֡
Ӳֻܷ࣬һָ㣬ʱֻܹ٣Ҳұ֤
Ȼԥһ󣬻Ǿսе䷽
ս⣬˺ģһǧ䷽
սȱǮԸ⵱ԩͷûлֻۣһЩӸûǮ
ȻǮ̽⽴䷽д˳Ȼ
ӣҪصԺ󣬲˸Ȼ
ΪȻӸʹ죬սصԺƽȥ˴Ȼ
÷ɺĶҲϲ֮佥
Ȼû䣬ɺԺҪҸ£ûָˡ
ڽ˵ĻЩ£ϲ֮䴫ˣ˭Ըϱ
ɺǣ²֪Ĵ䣬۷׷ס
˵սˮְѳˮڣ
ֱһɺԣ
-

112 ˵Ҫ

һɺڼϵ
Щȫں˵
ˮʱڣôѳˮģ
ս˸ɵģ
ôˮ
ɺ·ֻصǰвΪǶʱ䡣
Ϊ̵вû˸Ȣ
Щȫ³̱ԸȢӡ
олԣ˵첡
ίòУǼûԸͷ
絹̵Ķ֣
ǣһӶûܼ޳ȥ
Ϊʲô
Ѿˣ䵽Ԯľأ
Щƾʲô
ս
Ҫ˵Щô
ɺк޼޺۾Ҳ޼¡
ĵ£鴫󣬾Ȼ綼ǲ˳
ûе˶
ĸ˵ʵȴŸ硣
ѳˮ´˳ȥó
ȷʵò׵
û뵽սȻôѶԸ
ˮս
սɵһ˵Ҳ٣ǰ;
սǺݰ
ǴˮôûҪأ
ҪսʱֱˣﻹЩ飿
ɺú׵۾ŴİѩһƬ
Դӽ˰ͻͱ㡣
ȻߵѾȫ˷
ԼҲͷдŮ䡷͡Ůһǧ顣
ָˣûдꡣ
ɺԽԽޡ
ƫƫʱѾͻȻҸոϢ״Ԫ¥쿪ţ˵黹Գ齱ͷö˶˵ء
ʲôɺԴ󾪣״Ԫ¥Ҫˣ
Ѿߵ˵ͷū澻˵״Ԫ¥Ǳ֣
⻰һɺɫ˲ܲŤ˼㡣
ս٣ռҵ״Ԫ¥Ȼæſţ
Ѿ߱ɫŵ㰲οū澾ãʵ⡣
ѫֻ赶Ūǹﶮʲôд֣ǿ¥ײ࣬ʿǿ϶Ըȥġ
ɺ⻰Щο
תһ룬ȷʵˡ
ռҿʲôãǵÿҴԲѵؽ״Ԫ¥ֱǻ֮
Ҳռʲô˭ȥ飿
Ͳ±ӵ
ɺԽԽ˵˶ţκϢǵ֪ͨҡ
Ѿ߼Ťɫչ˿
ûҸΪռ춼ʲôƿȫ򣬻
ܶ˱ζܲˣ͵״Ԫ¥ء
ūȥԸ˶š
Ѿ˵꣬˳ȥ
а״Ԫ¥źҵ
Ȼҹһ˵ֵЩū
ԴӹǴβúƢͱԽԽˡ
ֳô£ҹ㣬ԽԽˡ
ӣҲ֪ʲôʱǸͷ
ǹ޷ףЩū澵ģܼ޳ȥ
￪ԸǼˡ
Ҳ޲ʲô˼ҡ
Ѿ뵽;㷲
һСѾߣֻŬɺ顣

״Ԫ¥ڿš
ǰ״Ԫ¥ǰĿյѾ˳ӡ
ϸһǰ滹һݸʾ
˵ǽճ۵᲻࣬Ϊֹ
˵һܳ齱һΣܶ顣
ƷʲôȯͲȯ鵽ȯԵǮ鵽ȯȥռѳԲˡ
õĻ˵Գŵƿȫ
ԴռƳµ֮󣬵һֱܲ
·ֻҪŵζûм̵ܹסջġ
ɬģζһҲ̲ס߽ȥһ˵Ƚϱ˵档
ζ
֮Ҳˣ
ﻹƿѼζ㡣
ܶ˶Ը⻨Ǯһ
ʼƿȫ󣬸Ʈʮ˷衣
˳ԵƿȫĻᣬЩﻹ͵ס
ƽﲻ̫ϲǣСȥ״Ԫ¥Ŷӡ
Ϊ˳ƿȫĲȯ
ȥռһ٣
ʿʮֲм״Ԫ¥ô̫
Ȼ˵Ҫܳʵ
͵͵Сȥ顣
ȵ״Ԫ¥ǰһһȫɵˡ
ףô
ȻҲˣ
ҹӲ˵ôˣ
ҲӲҲ˵ô˹ôҲˣ
ʶС㿴ҿ㣬ؿʼС
Ա߻¥ĻƸά
¥Щһʼǳģ¿źⲻãЦ
˭֪Ȼôˣ
һάŶӣһ͵͵˶䡣
-

113 ܳʵ

СǵĶԻ󣬻һ̧°ͣ˷ܼˡ
һӣڵ˿ŵʱ
ʱ˿ļʱ
ǰ¥ȼʱһŵĺ
սġ
״Ԫ¥Ͼţ¥ţռܲһӶ¶档
Ȼ˶ʣȥҲȽʺϡ
խZǺӣǰ
ǧǳ͢Ա
Һ϶ʡ
λȻûйְвмƽʱŶԸ
ʣ¾ֻ廹ĵܵǡ
ܵͻ³Ųס棬Իʡ
ͼûзűڣҲûЩʨӵģ滹Ǻ֡
ҪŶӵ̫ˡ
˺Ӿʽˡ
ͶȤ˺ҲԸôȥ֡
齱ʲôģһͺ˼
齱ģһСľ䡣
ľװ˺ܶ衣
齱ʱֻҪȡ󿪾ܿ
е趼һС
󣬾ͿԳ齱
źСǺܿӿ˽ȥ
ֻ¥Ĵ￿ǽźܶܣʱѾ顣
Сǳ嵽ǰȡһ鿴˿Ȼͱˡ
ֻȻγΪһʿ
ʲô֣
ģ
һͲʲô飡
СȻи̣̲ס˷
ǻᱻ飬Ȼʶֵġ
ݺһܿٴξˡ
Ǿȵط֣Ȼȡķǳ⣬ݺ񻹲
һҲر𶮣Ǿ˵
Ȼȥ飬ǸǾˡ
ﾹȻֻһû飡
Ҳ̫ˣ

Сٴ︹
Ȼǣ黹Ҫġ
ܿ˴ȥˣȻ齱
Ϊǵһ쿪ţսýƷʱ򣬻ÿﶼнƷ
󲿷ֽƷǴȯ
ȯʵַΪ֡
һ״Ԫ¥ڲʹõĴȯһռʹõĴȯ
ÿŴȯʹҪҲǹʱﵽһܹʹôȯ
ˣЩȯʹûʱơ
ڱϡ
͸ôֵŻȯһ
ˣ鵽ȯ˻˷ܲѡ
˵Ĵȯھİ˵ǳ棬ŻȯôֵĺõŻȯȻܹ˷ܣ˹
οЩûмʶĹأ
еСΪ˵õĳ齱ᣬһǺü顣
ȻⲻţǱӽġ
󣬾г齱ᡣ
ԵЩ˳鵽ȯһǰղѡ
ûһ
Ļ鵽ĴȯͿֱˣ
ʡǮأ
Ϊ˶Ǻü򣬲ʱ䣬¥һǧȫˡ
ⲻѡ
ЩſϷʿǣһֱӾɵˡ
״Ԫ¥飬ôô죿
Ӧð
˭ģ
ţľϢ˳
״Ԫ¥ﾹȻһ飬ʲôγΪһʿ
Ҳ̫̫˹ˣ
˭鰡
һЩʿӾۻʱ̲ס
˲⣺״Ԫ¥ô£Ҳ̫ˡ
ܿ˲м˵ߣȡˣȻа飬Ҳ±ٸˡ
Ȼ䣬˼˵˵״Ԫ¥Ǳ֣
ղ̲Σ¿϶ǱɱˣǾȻ£ǵ졣ſɣռҲк³ģ
µ˲١
Ȼ˽͵͵ͬ١
񾩳ۼ˴󲿷ǰϿЩ˭뿼нʿ
Ȼÿܹнʿվ
״Ԫ¥ֹŹ֣в˱Žң˼
ֻе̫࣬˭Ҳؿֻһ͵͵ҹ
ݺ̷֣Ȿȷʵиɻ
ݲô⣬вٶ˵õݡ
һѪڡ
ϧݲ࣬һͿˡ
ҳдǽʿٳɰϢ
ǿ󣬺ܿ˶˼
ۿдٳɰһڿΣܶ˶Ķˡ
Ǿ¥ŵĵڶ죬ܶǴסĵط˳
Ȼˡ
˴һ棬к
֣㲻˵Ҫչرôˣ
ְĳЩƣȥ͸͸ˣôҲˣ
ԭˣĳҲȥ͸͸
˵˫ܿطֿöԷ֪ԼҪȥĵط״Ԫ¥
˭֪ߵ״Ԫ¥ͷˣ
һͷ˶ЩΡ
֪ôкˡ
ɴһ仰˵װ˴˲ʶĬ˽ȥ
-

114 Ϫ

߽״Ԫ¥󣬺ܿ𾪵ط֣˲ֹǣ
ǿ˺Щף
ۻʱһ״Ԫ¥ȡ裬˹ĵˣ
ܿԷҲǡ
˫һӡ
ͷǳˡ
˲¶ԶԷ٩
ڣЩֻǿһۣ֮ĬƿĿ⡣
Ѿϰˡ
ʶ㣬ܿװµӣ·ԼһҲš
ȻʵǣѾЩˡ
Ҫ֪ǿ϶κνң֡
ˣܲܵͷȥɣǸΣ
ֻϿһͷʵеˣ໹ʲôʿٳɰࣿ
˭ܹأ
ûֲֻǣʲôεģ
ֲεġ
ǡֻ뿴״Ԫ¥ڸʲôˣ
û

ǾӪ̽鱨
ôһ룬˲Լΰ
·ĲǳκͿнʿġ
״Ԫ¥Ķ¥Сǽܡ
ףмŰš
Ϊεʵ̫࣬Ӹãֻܼһ
һ󣬸Ͽεˡ
ӻ׵ߣ֮ͨ
ҽܣԳϪ
Ϫ֣Ǵδ
Ҳ֪ûʱġ
Ǿȵǣ߾Ȼһʿ
ΪδʵаŰɡ
ⲢǼΡ
ʵϣ˶ǱҲ̬ġ
ǵ״Ԫ¥ɹƭӵܣЩ߰аĶ
״Ԫ¥ôҲ͢ٱ
ȻϪʼκڳǾ;ȵط֣Ȼû
ܶñޱһдѧʵˣ
ԭҲ֪ͳ˽ȥ
˻ñʼǣȴʹط֣ʵͲ
Ȼ˱īֽ̫ռطȫǵͯС˴ȥˣ
ϪһֱڽΣܲô¥ͱīֽɣ
ҪǣҲð
ֻ̿һֽ̨ͱʡ
ڵ˶һ𣬶һŰֻһã˭öʡ
һʹһƴؼϪݡ
©ʲô
֪ʱ͵硣
ϪټһӵʱϢ˵Ϣʡ
Ȼ˵棬һԵС˵ʯͷȥռ꣬һݽʿײͣúֱ͵ԼҪʲôԵģҲԵһݡ
СһϲɫлүСȥˡ
ɵۣһ±ƵؿϪ
Ϫɫؿ治ɫ˵Ҫ
ҪĻԳڣǵСȥ㣬ҲϷСͯ˳ǵ㡣
ʺ󣬲ܳˡ
ԼȥҲСѧδ׼ʱΣǼǵעʱ䡣
˵գϪͷ飬ٿڡ
һܿ춯˼
ͷǮģǳɴϪСʯͷæռͣȷѡ
ռûøУδȥռǳԹģǳȥϵԼСˣȥƽճȥĲ͹ݵ͡
ЩɬģǾѧԼȥԡ
һţϢʱܿȥˡ
˷׷׿ʼʣȻϪ
Ϊ̫࣬ÿֻһ⣬һ
ˣȵѧʱʵҲһС롣
ʣһ˶ûüʣþô뿪
ǣһĿΡ
ѧûãʯͷʹŵõĲͻˡ
һˣ״Ԫ¥ĻưæŰ˶Ĳʹ
ʳһ򿪣˲Ʈ㡣
ڲ˶ȥˣȻôˣû³Զ
ЩΪռҲԸռ궩ͣⶩ˱ҵģһóͱȥ
һûڲѡ
ͬʱЩ𾪡
˵ռĲúܲΪԶﴫһֱмһˡ
Ȼģ
ζҲ̫ˣ
ȵȣϪԵʲô
ѵǾƿȫ
ܺóԵӡ
ϪԵ㰡
ôó
Ҫȥ͵͵һݣ
һЩ͵͵ʿˮٿԼķˣʱЩԲȥˡ
ԻҪԵġ
Ƕˡ
ù˺Ȼζ
Ϫֻ˴򿪴ɢζ
ֻǶ䣬һȺܲס磬ֻѴС졣
ȳȥԵ˻ķζûɢɾ
ˣ
-

115 ǣ

һֱˣΪžˣоôԡ
Ȼͷ˾Ͳһˡ
һżҵζ̲ס͵͵ʿˮ
ĥţѧȥռ곢ζ
ܿʱ䵽δҲ㣬ϪϿΡ
ǼʣȻһش
ͦʱ䣬һ꣬ʱѾϳҲ㡣
Ϫ˵˱˺󣬱ѧС˳ȥ
ʣһȺԾᡣ
һĿΣջС
ȻԸⱨΡ
ʱһδǷݲУǻܼʱֹ
Ĺ涨ʵ̫ˣ
һɬȴǾ᲻ѡ
ҲΣ¼۸̫
۹Ϊٽⶼ˲١
ܹ·ӾѾʮǿﻹǮΣ
䣬״Ԫ¥ƹ˽͡
Żƣﻹźһֽ
ǿЩʲô
֪ʵսӡˢϣγݵĻܣԼ۸һЩŻߡ
Դۡ
д¿¥¥༭ɲᣬۣȫµĶ˶ܿ
¥ṩѧɬģѡȽȻ
˲ûǮҽΣҲ¥Ǯ
ɰ𾪻ˡ
˴࿴ǮƸΪ⡣
ȻҲкܶĹɱʵ۴ҲҪʷ
˵вٴԸ߼۹ֻѺ
ǶЩߵ˵ֻȻԻǮƣɵ׶á
ȥͲͬˡ
뿴Լ¾ȻܹȫµĶ˿Ƕ೤
ʱǻԳǮһЩӻؼȥˡ
ʱȫҶΪǸе
ԽԽ˷ܣӼģҪ
ЩɬģҲǸᡣ
˭ϲأ
ܶҪ̰æء
ֻҪٳɰ࣬ѧгĻᣬʵ̫ˣ
ɵӣ
Ǻܿ쿪ʼ
ۿԽԽ࣬˿ʼˣƹôˣӸ°ɣ
Ϣȥ˵и˱
طĶ
ܹЦǺǵ˵λģϿεĵطֹһһԺԼһɽׯطԹ
ǵĿʱҲǳλдõ£ݽϣλǿ塣
λպ˿Ӳʧ
һֿʼǸ뱨ˡ
ܿ죬Ͽεȫ
һЩɬģ˽ͽǮǩ顣
Ǿȵǣͻһϡ
ϣд¥ջ£˭ддòģԡ
æ׼ǣʱȥд
˭ûͬѣʶһЩأ
״Ԫ¥ҪӹǺܿĶˣȥ͸˵˵
ߺЦеȥս㱨ˡ
ȻһˣȻˣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
Ѳɣ濴Ϲˣ
ǰӻҹﲻǵģôͻȻתˣ
ѵ֪ҹĺˣ
ǣˣ
һߵȣһ߰︹̡
˺һӣ̲ڳ
һͣɫѸȥ
ͣ
̶ͣõʣôˣ
ͣ
⻰أ
ȻԳɱ˲գۣүҷ֣
ЦرʵػػСػ
⻰䵭˵ԭˣԺ£ҹ˶Ӳãûˣ֪𣿡
ͻô죿
ϽӦǣҷ䡣
˵գҡڵ뿪
͵͵Զˣ̧֣Сز˲ͷϵ亹
ţͿƽ˳˵սҪȥ
͸Ͻȥˡ
ȥȻ䣬ս棬˸˵
뵽챨ʢЩ˵Ȼ㣬εȫһЩɬ¥һʿ
ǷǮ飬Ͳõġ
˱˭Ҫ˸ǷǮ˵ˣ;ҪܵӰ졣
Ų˭ҸǷǮ֮˽ѣǣ
սͲµ˱ε˶»ǳԤϡ
˾ȻôࣿսƬ̣ܿ׹콲εǸġ
-

116 

͸Ͻ˵ϿεϪƼġεʱĳ͵͵վһȷʵ÷ǳá
Ҳ֪ôգűƵ״Ԫ¥ϿΡ
սһЦô˵׬ˡ
֮Էָɵ룬Ϊľǳ̵İ
ڿ̻ͦĵģǹǮ¡
ս룬ֶ˵òֹ𣿡
νֹûֵġ
ĻѾԽԽ࣬Ʒúã´õʱ򣬹ֶҪҺܾá
սֹ񣬸ݲ׺ͱȻõĻַࡣ
ʱõֹǽãȫװֵĳ룬ϱǩ粿׺ͱʻ
һԷϰٸֵ֣һ泯ϣѡֵʱһĿȻ
͵˵ͷֹѾʣµĻڸƣӦúܸܿƳ
ͺáս˵ʲô鷳
Ц˵ģµڣû˸״Ԫ¥鷳
ȨƵĺô
ܶģÿͳТҲҪһôΪľ˱
û˱е׾پܱȥ
õģ˵
Ͱ̾˿Լӡ
ȻĿֻУԵʲôùܣõ˻鷳
ս⣬ֱûʲôҪʵˣŽ˳ȥ
ߺƽ̲ס˵̫ˣһο¥Ȼôã
ս벻ЦЦʲôãŸոտʼˣԺ϶á
ǣôıߣ¥Ժ϶ܹս𣡡
ƽȵ˸ƨȻСʵǹū˵¥ֻһԺ󡭡
սƳһۣô뿴ˣ
ƽЦÿҲū뿴ū澾Ǿã϶Ҫ
ս˵͵Űɣ϶еģڣµĻûдء
ƽһҪд»
Ȼأս˸ۣϵĻһ϶ˣǲдµĻôóȥ
ƽŻȻ򣺡Ҳǰö໰ū澶ˣ˹Ҳ࣬һĻûҪǮ򡣡
˵̲סսѾд»ʲôʱܳ
㼱ʲôЩæű㻰ж򣿡
ŴûʲôȨʶ
һֻˣܿҲӡˢ
ٰԵҲܰЩ˵ȫˡ
οʱҲʡ
æӡˢŴǿʼ֮ǰӡο
С˵ˣܸοϱ
飬ҲҪнġ
ƽӣǱָˡ
սĥ
δǵĲοڵò࣬ҳƹƴ
Сʶ֣Ǵƴʼġ
ⶫƹ㿪Ч϶Ҫڵɷʽõöࡣ
ƴôʮĸʺϻӡˢʱӡˢ׶飬ɱ׬Ǯˡ
ֻǡҪôƴóأ
úúС

״Ԫ¥Ľʿٳɰ࣬ܿͳȫŵĻ⡣
ϵԹµգȫ¡
˶״Ԫ¥ڻȡ裬ӵܡ
ʿʲôݣ
һοƾ٣ÿβοܹ֮꣬нʿȴֻˡ
й˵ĲŻҲδܹнʿ
״Ԫ¥ȻҴԲѵأʲôʿٳɰ࣡
ʿٳ
Ǳ벻ܣ
һʱ䣬Ĺߣ׷׵ռҡ
̶ʱ䣬յĵӾԽԽ࣬ԴҲԽԽҡ
һʼֻ˵ʲôӵܣ棬ҳҪĻ˵ˡ
ֱǲռһ·
ۿһķɴѳ̽˹ȥָһԼ
һӷ˷ſһۣͲм˵ϣС󣬾
۾õߵ㻹˵ҪǺ𣿡
Լʣô˵ԩˣûк
۵ɫһڣô˵ʲôʿٳɰȫռңֻһʱͿɱˣ
ԣɫ΢΢һ䡣
֪Ҫʱϣ͵ǰȫƸռҡ
ǰֵҪǲܶסǰ˵죬˵Ҫռҵ
Ͻ˵ʣ˼ˡ˼ǣνĽʿٳɰ࣬ں
-

117 ǰ

ۿų̣ͻȻŭʿٳˣںʲô
֪Ƣ⻰һûţֻԴǵ˵ʿٳɰֿ࣬һЩˡ
ÿοƾ٣вپΪʱ̫ţ岻ʣ·ʧд£ֻź񣬵ȴ´οƾ١
вپӣѧˣȴΪд²Ͽٵ⣬ź
νĽʿٳɰ࣬ǸǰѵǱܿһЩǸõطӳԼĲѧ
ź񣬰װ׺ķ˹Ҫȵ֮󣬲һչ
˰ʿٳɰ࣬һЩӼǰѵͬʱЩʿǴһЩ顣
񾩳ۼ˴׼μӿƿľӣƽʱڼұϲۼһ̸ʱ
̫࣬˻ˮ㣬鳯Ҫû¶ˡ
ţ˽£Ѱͷһ˾ۼרǷǡ
֮Ǹǰϴԡ
ţɫ
ΪλԵʣµģ˸£Ҫķ
⿪ƣΪѡһ˳滻ԭġ
һĽʿΪҪ
Ҫǵ˳û£ӰεĴǣʵ۵ģδ棿
ôһ룬۱ãνĽʿٳɰȷʵò
ֻЩϿεúúѡС
۲ɵܿ˹ؼ
ʵո˵ĽʿЩˣ
̶Դ׼̰׼õοϣγ̰źͽ̰˳ʸۡ
ȿ֪ǿԷĵˣ˵ͷ
Ȼַ˷οϣγ̰źͽֱ̧̰ͷԳ˵ΰò´вçײ¹شնࣿһŪɳ׾أ
ûҷˣ˵ʿٳɰ࣬ǶһģʵϸĽ顣Ǿòɱ
֮ûһ֮ǰǲϲôάˣ
ߣĶϱСӾȻ
ӵ۹ܲ
ˣ
֪ϱĺ˰ɣ
Ƕӵ۹ã
̰ȴ˵ѡϱô᲻ϲ
ǰˣ첻游ǣһСС¥Ҳ֪ʲôġ
ˣͱ˱˻ˣϱ͵ְɣ
ûһ䣬˶ʵ¶ˣûУ
̵ɫѸȥʣӵѾץ˲ˣɶЩ޹ؽҪСĻʹһֱûвɼ˷ǳСģǵ֮
Ǿͼ飡һҪǸҳ
ȻҶϱ¶֣ǻˣ
ҪǱ߲˲ԾҪ˾ã
һȥֻռǱߡ̾˿ռұ˶Ȼ취游ʷǣȴ˵ռңҪռأǸʲ̬ǰ˻䱾ռҡ
üã޸α̬
һȻͻ˶ɶһղ飬Ͳ˳۸
Զãʲһּ⣬ö顣һԱ游ʵ̬ȣҲʡȥ鷳
飿Ϊǳϲ𣡡ˣϽȥ޿㣡
ЩģǾ̫ѻڶԪ³һ
ŭ𣺡
̾ô˳ȥ߳ȥʱɫǳġ
ۼˣһˣ֮ǰһͻͰųڵȲȢϱˣߣˣ
˵꣬صǶѵۣû˵ˣѡȥˣ
߳Ҫָۣ⣺ȵȣţǶ¡
벻ôͻȻԣҲʣܿȥ
ڶ糯֪Ϊʲôˡ
۰еĵȫ˻ȥ˵д̫ûȥдһٱ飬˵
Ȼٹٵ棬˵¥й˴˹١
ȻʲôҪĹְǺݺݴǰﵯߵ
ּ⴫ռңֱɵۡ
ǿɶ״Ԫ¥սģûʲôϵ
ʹͣô䵽ͷˣ
Щ±ƣ־ռսıˡ
ֲҿֻּʵʥּȻѵȥս
-

118 

񶼾֮۵ֲּΥ
ߴּĻ¹ٺȥսô¡
ʵϣ˲٣ֻܴڼ̫ˡ
æ˵ù
ܲͻȻ뵽ǣǴ͹١
˶ɣս̣̻ȥˣ۲ǡ
ȻҵսһʣսҲһ±ơ
û
һʱɲ
岻ȷز²ѵ£
ɫصص˵ͷӦ
˵̾
ܹ۴͹٣ȻǺ¡
ѾǷˣʵڵ۵Ŀء
һͷҪ˵лˡ
Ǳ˵лͰˣһսǵʹˡ
սһģͰολ岻صģȻǱµּ⣬˭˵ɣ
ְλӦõģȻ´˹٣λ尲αǡ
ֻҪ˲£˭˵ǲУ
ƾʲôм˾Ͳܵˣ
˵ֱۺȣֲӣ
㷲˵л
̾˿ص˵㲻ףǴȥ˶˵л
˵ͷҲ˵ǰǵģܲһӡ
˵вȱ޹ô͹١
⻰һ˶Ȼ
սһǸᣬ˵λˣѧҽѾ˲ҽ飬ܿκˡ
Ȼ˵˲ɵۡ
սѧҽ֪û棬ֻս
˭֪ѾͷȻôţԲѵ˵Ҫκǣ
ʵǡ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿսһʱ侹Ȼ֪˵ʲôźá
̫ҽǿ˸ûָܻ
Ҫǰһжǲˣĺҩһ£ʱܹЩࡣ
绹Ĵǿǿ˺ܶǮҲ˲٣ɶûΡ
սſ˼ҽ͸ҿºڣҲ֪˭
˶еʮΣȴֲĴ
˺һ˵ѧҽ¡µ
ŵԶԶԣ۲ͺáҪ֪ǸǸ򲻴
һЦսʮ
壬˵ģһ˵ô˵Ҫ˶ãͰκˡ
ٴθЦ
Ϣǻȥˡ
ԶԶԣǻ£Ͳˡ
˽ڸϽˣս˵ȥ
һǲս£Ը
Ҳֻٻκϣ
ʧ̫ΣѾ׾ʵڲԸپϣپʹࡣ
ţս
ðɣԸ⡣
ǣǳˬô죡
ô
ǰүүʱ˵ܴš
ǵģȻһ
ս֮󣬾Щ
¥˳ţͿţӦò⡣
ǲӦҵ
Ȼ̫ˡ
սһƽԸһϢ涼Щԡ
ƽϲԣһ˷ˣū֪˹ͷİɣū澿϶׵ģ
ִԵϲˣ
սЦЦȥˡ
ƽһߣ뵽ķΣյ۾
ǰ˻ǹеģ۴˹٣ǵı϶ܺÿɣ
ϧźš

սֻţûˣ͵͵ӿռ˰ʳԡ
˵ͺܲˡ
̫һϢͶ̥ٶŤˣŵź˸Ͻȥ̫ҽŻʺ󶼾ˡ
˺һŻ
ͬʱɺҲǳá
Դӱ㣬Ҳûгš
ˮǴһڶڴϡ
ɺսڽ˵ЩܣԴ֮󣬾Ͳøˡ
¼̫̫Ƥ̫ҽ̫ҽһ˵˼ᣬó¼˸޹⡣
ս˵ЩѾˣʱ˼ᣬܲ˶룿
ɺͬܡ
ˡ͡ؼҺͱ㣬ǵһ
dϢȥɺùǺ
ռҿ״Ԫ¥ҹҹռҶˡ
뵽״Ԫ¥𱬣ۻռҵзϴ˹٣
ռߴ
-

119 ԧ

ɺԴ屻۴͹ٵϢͰԼ˺һ
ãϻǰԽԽġ
Ѿˣܾô䣡
սսù
뵽취ˡ
ΣҪսڽӣ
ɺһЦȻͿʼȡ
Ǽһˣ˰
ڣҪ˻

ս֪ɺ͵͵˻ʳȥ鷿ƴĸд˳
һдŷ֣Щǲ̫ˡ
ս˺ܾãǿеƴĸĸĸʲôȫĬд
ţְѽƽⷨд˳
Ȼǰеû¸ɣͺףҵˡ
вٹԱǻĵ۾ɳ翴ǲ˳ˡ
ԽǵλԽҪЩ֤ԼȻĵ۸ʺϵʵۡ
ֻҪ˰ȥӦúǰæ
սЦеؿдõֽܿ̿µֽдõƴĸͽƽⷨ³һ顣
ʱ򣬰ĸķֱע˳
дЩƴĸŵ㡣
дһ飬ȷû󣬾ͽֽãװŷ
Щŷ⣬µؼʳ
ֱ彻ȥδ̫ðա
硭
ս۾Цֻꡣ

ɫ
dӹûֱӻؼңȥ˳¼Ƹϡ
ȥ̽
ȥ·ϣd뵽Ĳ飬üͷʮġ
ͳ÷δޣʵڲԸ¡
ɳԴˮһֱã͸һ㣬ʱڵѪ
ȻԴӳ񱻱½㣬ĸ׾΢ʡ
ųιˮԲĸ׶ѾԽ
ǹ˼ͷԳǱݺĸ˻顣
düͷѹһ޴ʯͷ
εռҵӲ٣²ûнȻ˴˹١
¶ռҵĶ裬δ̫Щ
ΪŮûб
ǲߴˡ
ͲɺĽ飬ñŮ
Ϳˡ
ɺһŮӣᶮЩ
Ҳ֪Ĳɫ
һҪ
Ȼ鷳ˡ
d˼䣬˳¼Ҵſڡ
ŷһȡżȥ
dȥ󣬺ܿͼ˳
ȴǸģڴ
ֻǿͷϸ˵
d۲ѣ޲ɵ̺
еʣоô𣿡
ˣҾͲˡЦЦ纮е滨ֳĴС
Ȼ˵꣬ʹؿ
d״Ͻ˳
ȵرʹ࣬·˶Ҫˡ
d۲ѣȳڲˣڻĸо
ʣĲǲּˣ̫ҽ𣿡
Ѿˣ˵Ǻ壬˼ᣬҪ
ɳƣˡ
˵űԳЦ̫ûˣչҲˮûþͻˣңڶûá
ôܸȣǴˮʱ򸽽ôˣȥûþͱ
ˮȴֻѾߣˮòű
㱾ͱصöִ࣬С䣬Ȼõÿ졣
˸еؿԴˮԺû˷顣
Ҳˮ㲻Ƿˡֻǡȿȡֻǡȿȿȡ
Ļû˵꣬ʹؿ
d۵˳ͬʱ˵㱾ͲǷӱӴ㣬ô鼱֮½ˮ
ɺǾ˺ݶ˽Ȼ⽫ƽˮ
d޵ҧ
ǱƵˮȥģȴţֻع
¹سڣֻܳưͿ˵ǳСĲȻˮء
ȻųȥûˣҲҪ˳Ц
Ļ֮˶׼һ㣬Ÿ޼ɵ
ʵڿɺޣ
Ҳ֪ʲô
Ĭһ˵磬˵¸˹٣ģ
düͷõʵ˭ģ̫ҽ˵ҪʲôҪ룡
Ȼ𣿡ȻһЦֽʵ˵вм߲Ϊ٣˿ռңԺû˸Ҹǹȥˡ
dԸü˵ЩúҪ
˵һû˾
d״ֻܸ뿪ú
ȥֱ¼ƽȥ˵˺һ뿪¸ؼҡ
ջصͼɺ
dɫȥ
-

120 սٲİ취

dһȺɺõ˵ģʲôҲ벡һ𣿡
ɺ˲Ȼ磬㻹ڹѵսĺ˵˵ҲԸ𣿡
dһȻ뵽ԴĳֺģҸոȥڶûã̫ҽ˵Ǻ壬˼ᡣ
ǰ˵㲻ã֪Ĵԣ϶н٣Ȼô˼᣿
ɺɺԽԽҾİˡô㣿
ս˵Żˮ
⻰Ǻ˵˵
ˮ͸¶ȥҪôͣ
ǼֻǺͳ¼ҵ֪¼Ѿ˵Ŀڡ
ҪͻȻ˵ȥ˻ȥսĲʹ죬ô
˻ΪĸҲɵ
н÷磬ȥ档
ȴѺúһ÷ֵòɢýô룿
һˣܻԼҲܸɾˡ
㻹У
˵ô㣿
磡ɺ棬ΪԸ𣿡
ĵغһŽ˵ΪʲôҪսɩӣ
ɩˮ϶йأҿֺ뵽ɩӲҰԲڴﻹ̵ס
˵úܶ˲伤dսĳޡ
ȻdúŪ
ĿؿɺɫѿڣȻѣ
˻ǸһȥĽһͳսѣ˵ˮ¡
˵ûʱ򣬾˰¸
ȴ˵Ǽս˵ģÿЦ
ɺ磡ǰҲҪ˵
ȻЩֶ׸ϣǺģ
ǻɣﵽЩģ
ɺˣʱˣ磬ֺ֪γأ
ҽ㣬
뵽һӣԿսٲ
ؿdΪڴ
˭֪d䵭ɺȥɣʲôҲ
ɺһţе˵磡ģ취϶ܹսٲҲⲻ
dԭ˵ø棬Ȥʲô취
ɺҪڣdͻȻ˵ﲻ˵ĵطȥ鷿̸
ɺͷ鷿
źɺȲ˵磬ҼǵŲδ檡
⣬źŮ˶ûС
һʱԣܲסԼ壬Ҳпԭأ
dһ⻰ɫ˲ˣסڣ˭Щ˻ֻһδŮ˵𣿡
ɺ⻰˻ô룿
磡ɺίؿdֻǾǸð취û̫࣬ҵ
ʲôð취d⣬ŵ濴ʲôŮˣԸΪ檣ֹսʲô£
ͲˣսŰ裬Ŀˡ
ĺһԲϱӱӴˡ
ɺ˵ֻϱսĵطֿʼʹˡ
֣û˺ۣǵطȴһֱʹ
һ£еڸ
ҽŮ飬ȴֲ鲻⡣
ɺаޣ˵檣ս϶̲ˡ
Ů˻УȴսñӴսͳˡ
dɺ񶼱ˡ
ɺʵⶼԼģ
ɺԥһ£ǵͷˡ
֪Լһϣdܿ¡
ԸdҲԸΪӡ
Լġɺۣҧгݵ˵սҵڸѿҾҪٲ
ǵŵ檶֣öԷض٣ʧȥΪĻᡣǡ
d˵˶٣üͷսǣһأ
϶ᶯֵģɺǰı㣬ŤңսĺԻᶯ֣
d룬ûиõİ취񱨳취ԡ
ɺ涣֪ˣȥɡղŵĻһֶҪ˵ȥ𣿡
ɺ֪˽ȥЦЦɵ˵磬׵ģ϶͸¶֡Ȼȥˣæɡ

۰Ͱ͵ؿһ顣
ǴխZģѾΡ
ʱٿŻǾ鸴ӡ
ȷŭο
οǣıŮȻѼˣ
ŭǣխZǸСӾȻ鱦ĿѼκóԣ
Բѵ˵ʲôĿѼ·ϻˣԸѼͼ

ܳ
-

121 װ

óǷѼͼֿһ顣
ԽԽ
ŮĿѼ
žرóԣ
Ů
һɵЦ
ͻȻţˣļ顣
˲伤
ܿ죬˼飬Ȳز𿪡
һʼǣϳεļǵܵдġ
һ£ȻȲ¿
ܵܺٸдţôͻȻд
ѵˣ
һøˡ
ģɫ
ȷʵˣ
ıŮȻƿȫ
һζرĵζϣ
տ
տĿȫ˰ͷȥ
Ѹٷڶҳֻֽϻһֻȫ򣬻ð
ţ
òŸ˺ˣ
ˣȻд
ǡˣ
У
ûȥ
ˡ
˭˭
Ҫϣ
뵽̸д˷ӣǳ˸޷ؼˣҸɣͺܲ
ţֿ޿ħŮԶȽϺá
һұô졣
ʱ֪սˮֱ¶£Ȼųɻȥˡ
дӣּһ飬ȷûд̷ֺͳȥ
Ϳʼװ

ҹսȵҹ˾̻ɫ·͵͵˳ȥдõĶ״Ԫ¥
ǵڶһ磬״Ԫ¥ĻƸմţͿзš
һϽŷ⣬ƹ͡
Ϳŷ⣬ҲЩԾΪдǡƹдģ
ɵزŷ⣬ȡֽ򿪣ݺ󣬺ܿɵۡ
ЩŹֵνƴĸһʶ
ϾǶģһ۾ܿƴĸĺû
͵ı齥󿴡
ԽԽľ
ƴĸ棬ȻһʽļֶΣ
ΪһĹ£ῴ˱Ҳˡ
ֽƽⷨļ˷ʽҪڵĸӼֱӡ
ң˷ʽȻдһЩֵ֣
ЩȻŹŹ֣ȴǼ˺ܶࡣ
õúˣǲʧΪһֲֶΡ
ǡŵ˭ģ
ʲôˣȻ֪δŵķ
Ŀʲô
ΪڵŮӴ룬ҺֶܶʶһʶΪų֮֡
ֽϵıʼǿŲŮӵľ㡣
ֹˣддŵ˶Ȼ򵥡
ԥһ󣬾¸ս
սأ
˵ʱһ㶼Ծ
ɡ
ͽȥ˵˼¡ϻƿŵʱ򣬷ֵзţøĳˣдĳģЩ֡
սʣŶ֣
Ͱó￴֪ˡ
սƽһƽ̽ת
һܿ쾪ȵףݵϡ档ƴĸǰ˵𣿡
ĳδ˵ɫкĽƽⷨĳҲδš
Ȼ£ս𾪵˵ܿãдƴĸͽƽⷨ𣿡
ǳãֻǡЩǣ񲢲֪ԷݣĳĴ»թ
սһüӣ﷭˸ۡ
Ȼ벻˵ȻãԭⲻĽʵŵڽҪôͺá
һͻȻ˵ĺе
ǰǣĸĴ£õһССĹȥͷۣ
ֻҪŽרҵȥͷۡ
Ǿãžй
òףİ취Ҳûʲô
ͻȻ򣬲ս˸ƨǹĳ֪ôˣ
ս˵Ȼ֪ˣȥæɡˣĽƽⷨŲ˷취˱ЧΡҪЧԺͰ취ˡ
̴Ӧǣĳȥš
˵뿪ȥ̡
̵֪ʮ⡣
ݣһССĹ¸ûʸ
սϣټ͡
Ͱս㣬ʵųϣ˵ԭ
̿ŵݺҲһô飬Ҳˡ
ƴĸͽƽⷨ׺벻ã̫ó
ûϵֵµ˲٣ֻҪһ£רҵ˰
һ˵սģר
-

122 һλ

ΪֵȻ˱
νмһ֣֪ûС
Щ˿ƴĸͽƽⷨļֵ
ֻǽƽⷨã׶ֻҪ˵˶ܿƣƹ϶ѡ
ƴĸЩĸģŹ֣Ҫƹ㿪ĻЩ鷳
Щ˶󣬵ǲ鷳
ƹֲ
Ȼãֱӵȥøʽרȥˡ
˵ǶƤӵĹ
ж鷳
Ҳ飬ֱӽȥۡ
ӵ״Ԫ¥ģ״Ԫ¥Ĺɷݡ
˵ŷдƹ벻Ǹ
˿϶֪̫ߣֱдδػῴԲ˸ػصķӣдƹ
дŵĿ϶Ǹˣǽ壬ȻܹʶӢۣ֪Ǹˡ
ֱ׳ţ·ϵʱ˳룬ӦҪʲôʹ͡
ӡ
˵㶣ʶ̧ͷɫ
СʱѵִóԵ¸ˣ
ʶʿˮ˴
̺ܿ˽ۿ˫֣ûʳУЩʧ
ʵ˵ɣʲôˣ
̾㵵ؿһۣ
֣ôøʵЩ
ѵǸ
ͻȻԼˣͷϣǸĶļֵ
ɲ֪۾Ǳˡ
Ȼ־ˣһضûС
۲ţܿû˼ˡ
̺ܿ˵ʣ˷Ϊ״Ԫ¥˼¡
˸ӡ
Ϊʿٳɰ࣬״Ԫ¥עŪɳ׾ǳ
һ˵״Ԫ¥˼£һľ
̾ʵʲô£
̲֪ç˽ۣ֪ô˵ܹ󻯡
ɷнµ˵ڽһ磬״Ԫ¥ĻƷһţͰ״Ԫ¥ƹ
ƹ񿴹֮󣬷дƹ֣Ͳŷ鿴ݡ
ʮ𾪣ͰŽ˶
ôһ˵ȻǺ治ѣͻȻ̲ͣס׷ʣô˵ѾǷţ浽дЩʲôݣ
ѵ˲״Ԫ¥Ľʿٳɰ࣬дŷԣ
ԣƹôܻẒ̌
ﵽдЩʲôأȻСȲܵ
к治ѣҲû̫õĹӡ
ܿ˵ŵʵڷ˼Ӧһλд
ݣ˵Ŵˣʿ˾ס
˵óŷ⣬̸һ
붮С鲽ɿǰùŷһȷûתۡ
ĳ̻ӳͻȻдۣǱĲ裬ʡԡ
ۿź󣬺ܿ۾νƴĸͽƽⷨΣ
̱ʾѾʹˣð취Ȳ˹
ȥˡ
ȻҲòɱϾרҵԱԼһϹĥЩӽǡ
˵Ĺ̲סʵдţ˷״Ԫ¥ģ
ȷˣӷŷλжϣӦǴŷȥġ
ĵ˵Լ𣬡²⣬״Ԫ¥οʿٳɰ࣬ĳλ˵ȤǽԼ˼дͶ״Ԫ¥
۽ŽɣȻ顣
ʵúŪȻ֮ǰ˳̵ĺƣýʿٳɰЩ˼ǵľӶֳ࣬õ
˭֪ʿٳɰ໹û£ȻλĴβ𾪣
û뵽ʿٳɰ࣬Ȼĺô
ͻȻоһԵĿ֡
Դ췴ʼϾвٶҳӡ

췴ɹ󣬻вĶ
һʮ󣬸˵ûˣ˵ôء
ڵãȻʿײߣ
˵ʲô˵ͬģ
һһλˣ
ǰҷ
ԽԽģ̵˲١
ܿһﳼӱ˹ʼоƴĸͽƽⷨĺû
һ˳£һִһ¡
˾ְ취ܺãӦȫƹ㡣
ΪƴĸЩŹ֣дŵ˶ȻǸػĵ壬Ӧץϼʡ
ʼٸߣսˡ
-

123 ͺ

ûսִˣ
ǸвסģŴû磬ҲûӾʱ䡣
սĵһȥʱͻȻһǳص⡪
ˣ
ͺˡ
ĿռȻ˲Ʒһǳʵǰ
͵͵ã֮Ҫӣ
ڿռû취ͣڿռǵöģ
սû취ֻܺ˶รöรáƷ
รܿȡһСɵĴӣһײ
սɵ㶵ؿĶƴһҵؼ䡣
̣Ȱռ佫ˡ
Ȱǰȥ鷿óֽʿʼд֡
˵ʱŮõһֿ԰ϵĲӣõʱֽ߲ľҡ
ʱһЩرĵط
Խһֱû٣ȻôҪ£æҵġ
ֽ
ֽ
սһֽ̣͵͵ӿռҳһ飬ʼο
үүϲ飬ӡ
˼ȥԺЩȫˡ
Ƕ˼ҵѪ᲻ӣʹ˿ռ
ڵó
սҵţܿҵҪݣѸٳд
˰ͽͻȻһ뵽һ⣺ȻҪֽﲻһˣ
ڵڹŴԳƵϺǸˮͰûˡ
ǰʱոմԽҲûı䣬±˷Ǹðƻ
æڱģǰͰôҪˣ
Բ̣
սϽ˱ʼͰ
ⱾԼģԭҪװ޷ӣѡͰʱѡ
˱ܸͰ飬鿴ԭһָá
飬ͼ򵥶ˡ
սʼֽϻͰĽṹͼ
ֱϵͼС
ͼúһ⡣
ŴûˮͰĽˮˮע⡣
ҪóˮͰ϶ԴԴϵĽˮС
ˮŷţţ
ſ϶ǲеģԵиطۡ
ԣһˮиװˮˮء
ˮƫƧĵط߸ɴཨޣͨ
ƽʱøӸϣʱٴ򿪡
ÿ춼ҹ㣬ˮÿһΡ
һʲôζ
ҪڵͰ͹ͨ͵õ۹ܡ
ӿմɣӿڴճϼճϣˮ࡭
ȵȣǲӦðˮһճ
ͰҲҪմӺмĵ嵹ǿľͷ
һմҤ
սʱˡ
ôǮ
Ҫֽиֽ
ЩɶҪǮ
սʱͷ뵽̡
ûǮɳΪһүǮɣ
ˮͰ˭˭ϲ
ֻҪԲȥ
ֽҲһ
ô⣬ռԾӪۺ졣
ϻȽϱա
ս룬ҳ̽Ǯ̽̽
Ҫǳ̿ŲϽ裬Ҹϻˣ
ųǳܵĳ̣ͻȻ˸硣
磡
ʱ䣬ˡ
˶㵵ؿų̡
۶Ծˡ
òͷ˭֪ӾȻһ
ΪһøףۻǺܹġ
üͷĵؿų̣ǸȾ˷纮
һ±ơ
䣬ǿ׳Ӳ
纮
ڵġ
ˣȻûиȾ纮ոôͻȻˣ
ѵڱ
˵û¡ͻȻǰﳼӡ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬˵ڵĻҲˣȷЩʣҹûЪõԵʣ븸
˳ȥǷˣ
ҪӦɫͻȻթ
˵纮С£̫ҽ
̣
¶ڶϽ˵ʲʦڣֻСвʣ޴󰭣ȥ˯һûˡ
ɫһȻûʲô󰭣;ú
֪СҪ͵
̣
λ󳼣
ʲô˼
Ȼ
ѵ˵˵
̫δ´ѵҪ̫ӣ
һԲ˵ͷˡ

սͼֽ󣬻ٸд˷ţȻƽ⽻ƽһˣдŽͣתźֱҡ
ƽȵؿսӶԲˣ㡭ȻֱӸдţ
˽
-

124 ΢΢

սһƽǱ֪϶û£
صƽһۣЩ˼룬£
ƽ°ӣϽ͵ū澶ףһµˣ¿϶Ϊ£ū澶ģ
϶ˣ
սҾ㲻
ۿƽҪڽͣϽƽ򷢳ȥˡ
ƽʵ˳ȥûٺ١
ͬʱ
һﳼǳȥʼûг
͵߲ˣǳ÷ˣɴ˵α鷳ǵĳЧȿѧѵЧЧʱɴģƹ㡣
˵ɨһۣѵĽ̲ģ״Ԫ¥ӡˢ
ϾͶ״Ԫ¥ƹǻ˱ĵطӡˢǲס
г̲סʣѵѧ
ȻԸλͯģԡ
̸˵ͿɫڨڨԲ⡣
һ˵λǲԸ⣬Ҳǿ˵ˣȫƾԸ
˸Ц
ȷʵ̫⣬ԼҺӱνƴĸ̻ˡ
ҲǼȥͬ˳̵飬ȸѧѵࡣ
νѧǿɵ˼
γݣ൱Сѧһ꼶
̼ͬˣ״Ԫ¥ϾֻǸ鷻ӡ黹Уд£ǲס
۾˵û˼ӣǸдµ顣
˵ҪиʱޣȻ֪Ҫϵʲôʱ
鶼ֳɵģ񲻹ǼƴĸˣӦò˶ʱ䡣
µʱ䣬ܸùˣԸΪʷǡ
⻰һڳĳǶð̫Ƕ
Ȼֻµʱ䣬ⲻǿ
۰Ͱ͵ؿۣӦ
Ȼǲ˳ۣǵ󣬾ֱӴӦã͸µʱ䣡
¾Ƕˡ
ڽƽⷨǲÿʲôѵֱ࣬ڿãЧõĻܹĻá
Ҫˣƽⷨ
۸մ˳ӣ̾˵£ǡ
۵ӻụ̂ⶫֲó̰͸̧֣ó̹ˡ
ȥŻʺ˵˻ų
˭֪߳ţ͸
⼫ˣôˣ
Ȼ֣ȥ״Ԫ¥
ݣûҪ𽵹ȥֱ֪ͣͨС
һһ̫鷳սйأ;𽵹һˡ
״Ԫ¥Ϳˣ˺ôһ
Լݣûָ̻Դӻ󣬾͵ų̴ء
˭֪λ¾Ȼ˲
͸Ͻ̨߳
̴𵶵£ڰ֣Щˣ˵ô£
ûǴĻͽżɣ
Ÿյأôˣ
͸Ͻȡһš
һˡ
ûͿڣʵò߱˸Űɣ
˫־ŷ⣺үˣҼҹдүš
һսģЩ죺Ŷдţôת
һ˵һߴ޷档
޷֮ǰȥҸӣ̷е㲻ϰߣ޷ˣ˸˼ҡ
޷һս֣;ûʹ
治ɫߵǰŷ⣬ɿɨһ֡
ּ㣬һλԼŮӣ﷭˸ۡ
չﲻ˴˰ɣ
ôŵ֣ôҲеġ
Ů˴˵ʱݰ
޷氵սָ˲̫Զһ߰ŷ⽻̡
̲һЩɵۡ
ΪսѧЩŮдŸԳ
أ
ȻдǮ
ˣҪߡ
͵͵һ
ͱŵòᣬĶ㷲
ﵽдʲôݣȻ
ѵﲻ޸д˻飿
ͿʼԥҪҪ¹ϴ
˭֪ͻȻ˹
һ˲䣬ŵסˡ
Ҫ
ʱͻȻ˵ȥҹ˵ҪĶԺԸȥ
ӹһٵͣ
е±ƣﵽ׸Ҫʲôˣ
Ȼ
ǣôȻҪͣ
ˣҪʰɣ
ŵô˸£ѾԶ̾ȥսţ
-

125 սҪù

;ȥսš
ĸϲϣһ·ܵ÷ɿ졣
ܵʱѾ۵
սʱڴ
սԾѣϽϲ衣
ܹϣ˼󣬸Ͻ˵²ˣ¿źƺˣ˵԰ҪĶ
˵رһ䣺㵽ҪʲôˣȻ
սһ˵
ܹµ˵ͷǳ϶˵źɫˣ
սһ⻰ͲˣڰɣӶѣû˵Ȼˡ
һүȻôС
Ӵڼʲôã
ȻҪȥѽ
ӣȻˣСûϢѹֻ췴ʧܣôң
︹̣ܹȻ֪Щʲô
սղǷˡ
ܹ¶ʱô²
Ϊսдʲô˲õݣŰˡ
ֻǽǮ
ոô˵ˣ
ˣǲǴˣ
ҪǸҪͨ籨ţ
ܹ뵽ܣʱŵ˶ˡ
У˵˻ԹøϽ
Ҫ֪ͨ籨ţˣ
ܹ뵽˳¥Ǳ߻е£ĳȸˡ
ս·ط˸ۣ뵽ţҲĹʹ󷢴ȱطȥˡ
ܵͦ죬Ȼø죡
߳ţսӵĳ̡
̽ûŸͷġ
īΨжͷĸӴѩƣʮ񿥡
ͳʱߵüۣһգ۾˴ǰ
ۿҪϣ˶ˣԭһ
ڳͻȻս¿ڴ֮յش£ûȳĩ
ͽӲվţ·Ѿʧ˻ꡣ
Ǻܲݺ˿˶۾ˬص
ͱһϣ͵ػȻ󾪻ŵزͣˣ˳ۣҧһڡ
ϣӸµؿͣôˣ
Ѿŵû亹һ;û쬵ġ
͸ŲõĻ̲סִ˸£С˵˸ĳŵʱ⽻ĳĳһˡ
һսģŵ˵ڿˡ´·ʱŵ㣬˭ôġ
͸Ͻơǡȴ̲ס̣Ҳ˭ôĵӣҵѽ
⻰Ȼ˵ֻ︹̡
̵ͬʱ˵ǽȻǽһ·ߣƬҲͣ
ֱԶˣͲ͵͵ó˲ϵ亹
ոˡ
¹ȻǱ˰ɣ
Ըҹ鷳
Ͱս˰Ѻȴһͷ
һССĹ£ô˵Ҳܲͷϡ
Ҫĸսô죿
ҪȥȰܣҲѽ
ԶһЩ۲Ϊ
ôһ룬ɥҡҡͷ㷲뿪ˡ
ſڣ˧˽ȥ
̧ӣ
ܿ죬̳ǰϢھﴫˡ
˶ֻ
սҪùˡ
ڣ϶ȥռҵ鷳ˣ
ʲô
ӣ
װĿ϶ʲôö
Ȼܳ
¼ҺһֱϢ
ѾһϢϽһ·ɱųȥϢ˳ɺ
ڴϲţһȥռҵ鷳սҪùò԰׵϶Ѫɫ
ɺȻûȴΪ㣬һֱ̫á
ԴӸd⣬һֱǱߵϢ뿴սĺϷ
˭֪Ǳ߻ûдϢȥս鷳ˣ
һѾߵ̵ЦĪ˵Ҿ֪
ǺǵģսȻΪͻͿ޷죬̫ˣ
ˣĿŰ裿Ŷãȥ鷳ȥˡⶼܣֲñˡ
һԵѾ߸ϽƨսԲŭҪùˡ
ʵսûŭǲ֪ģ֪Ҫô˵ɺˣԾ͹ô˵ˡ
Ȼ⻰һɺЦøӵ⣬񣬶ޱȡ
Ѿ߸ϲã˿
-

126 ̫ù

ͷ̫Ҳ˵˳ȥս鷳Ϣ
ԭʼ̺ȥ
Ҳ֪ôģŴţͱȥս鷳Ҫս˻顣
̫ģôϢ
һ£Ȼʵȥս˻飿Ϣɿ𣿡
һźģĴ̫ϲ
ϲûϴսваޣȴŶԸս
ϢʱȻˬѣȴ֪϶ûô򵥡
սĻԴµģۿڣ˲ˡ
Ҫȥ˻飬ռҵҲ۵
ֲɵӣĿܻô
ƫƫдԸţ
žͰˣȻ̫
ϲ翴̫𽲻ϲսףսǣ
ʵĲҲͼװʲôûվһԵΰڼ
ͨ籨ŵĹŮ˵ĻĴԣȷʵڵȥǲȥ˻ģͲö֪ˡ
ˣͻȻϲϲأ
ϲһﰵࡣ
֪һҲ̫ҪĻ⣡
û취̫ѾˣҲ˵
ϲС˵ūΪǻɵµˡ
⻰ɫȥǰɵ£
˵ݺݵǹŮһۣ۵ĶôĴȥ
ŮŵɫҰףϽ˵ϣֵؿū֪ˣ
𽱻һͻȻСе㲻
ɫ͵һߣŭϳȥ̫ҽ
ŮŵɫףģͻȻ˶ס˳ȥ
ԽԽòŶӣһȴԽԽš
ӿƣԲܳ£
ˣһֱúõģոôͻȻʹأ
Դӽ𽻳к󣬶һֱ̫ҽʱš
һˣ̫ܿҽ˹顣
֣Ƕ̥ⲻ
ȴǱŵòᡣ
ûʲôôͻȻ̥
϶ǸĹŮ
ҪͻȻҽģŵС̫ôᶯ̥
һССĹŮѣȻҲŵС̫
ȵȣǹŮ
᲻ǹģ
϶
Ȼģô̥
û϶
ǸŮ϶ˡ
Ҫĺӣ
Ǹ˭
˭ָʹǸŮ
ԽԽģ̲סϲ˵СϲӣȥʸղǸŮҪ֪ξô£
һҪС̫ҳ
ϲһݣϽȥ
ҲҪС̫
ҪС̫£̫źģһ
ɴɱҲܷŹ
ϲ˳ȥȥŮ̷ܵ׼̿ʡ

սɲ֪ΪԸӣԷ׷ף̫𽻹˶̥
ʱųӡ
̴ӣʱѾ򿪣ǽӲӵԪͰ׻
սһ
ҳ̽Ǯû˵ǽ
ɳĽ࣬ƽʱýֱӽס
ƽʱףõĴͭǮͱ
ⶫһֱڱֵţóȥ
νǮʵϲ̽
ȵǮʱ򣬻ͬı׬١
˭֪Ȼ
Ҫôȥ
òǲǮİɣ
սЩţɫ̫ÿ
̿֡
ױֵȴᡣ
˽ôսˣ
ʲôë
̲Щ
Ҫ֪ҲǸŵģǮʹ͵ʱ򣬶󲿷ʱñ
࣬ΰһ붼ˣսȻ⣡
̲Ǹ̵סģﲻֱ˳㲻ǮôǮˣ㷴ˣ
սؿүΪβ
̣
ƵسĬһȻüʵ㲻ϲϲ
ʲôë
δ۹ⲻа
ֵ֪
ս񣬶ʱү֪νǮһҴҤֻֽͷЩԲүЩүɡ
˲ˣұǮΪȥ
սͻȻԼһϣǮΪ˻ȥѵΪ˷ڼ￴
̣
-

127 սVS

̾ƣɫܲÿ
Сʳ״綼
ս͸ЩȤҲԸΪίԼ
ԼõʵҤֽʲô
Ȼдáսûǽһ±ȽϺãЩȶү϶ϲ
̹Ҳ磺ǱҪǲϲأ
ȻսҲǺ۸ģϵЦһҲǾҽүģүҪǵ治ϲʱҿү
ڵʵǳ̵Ķ֡
ҳ̽ǮСҤֽ󣬻кܶʣࡣ
ʱʣµǮͿȥҪҩġ
ҩģʵҪ׵öࡣ
˵Ҫ˶ã̾ͻ°ܽ
ʱ򣬿ţ
˵ˣͲţ̻᲻ϲˮͰֽ
һսȻҸ˦ɫΣյ۾
û뵽η绢ŮھȻҸ˦ɫˣ
սǸ˵еһΪ
ҲãҪڳʲô
ЦվЩȷԺȥҪĴҤֽ
һ˵һ߳սƽ
սԵƽһϽսǰ
ͦţȴβסеĺ£ڴ££ʲôСŮܲף롭أҪ
ս⸱ûϢӣЩЩж
ٿ̣ѾĿҲɭ
սǶɱ⣬ϽƽƵӭ˳̵ɭ񣬲ʾЦʲô˼СѾûʲôʶºαŻ
ߵǰͷĵӡԽԽˣǵһμʱŵʧӡ
ս
ļٵģ
ԭô˵ģ
쵰թİɣ
սŲæ˵¿϶ǿˣοǻġŮѣŹضȥˣʲôµأ
۾սǹΪ˴ѣ
ȻЩսˮЩС׻ġ
սžµС˵ѱҪ𣿷ģںܿܶ£֤سΪ
սһ⻰ðҧ
ʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
Ǹ˵
ܱܲô˵Ի
ո˵Ҥֽǳɹ˱ȤҪĶñ⣬ջЩҪȡϢ
˵⻰սĹĵİͻȻЩ̲סҪһѡ
ս𣬶Χˡ
ԥһ˲ֻ͵͵սȭͷһѵĴ㡣
Ҫ£иˣ㲻͡
˾˵ش˳ȥ
սмط˸ۣʲôʱ˵Ҫˣ
Լ
վſڣۿų߳ԺϽתȥߵǮԪ
ȿ˳ɫֵ˵һץŽԪһץһ
ƽһԿŵɫˣСģ
ˣҪˡ
ƽĲѣ˭֪𾪵ؿսеĽԪñΡ
ƽ𾪵۾ԲˣҲŵüȻ𾪻ˡ
սȴǲƤƵģܿѽԪԲ⣬ɲĹŹ״
ſָεĽ鿴
ɫġս˵εĽӻڷԸƽȥⷿš
ƽŻعڰؿսǲǱˣ
𣿡սؿǴ˰ɣǰô󡣡
˭֪ƽȴִֵ˵ܵģū澾ԲǴǰźңҪӣҿû飬ָʹˡ
㵱ʱˣǵҪұǣū¹֣԰ҿģ
սؿ
ǸѾͷ֪ʱװɵ
ƨᡣ
㲻˵ҶˣҵıˡΪʲôأ
սüͷһ²ѵΪ̫ϣͱˣ
ƽһ±Ƶؿɵʣܱū춼뷢ƣôûзأ
-

128 Ů

ս㱻ƽЦȴһز²㷢ƵľĻǿңԲûзưɡ
𣿡ƽȷʵ־ᣬ̲סЩСڴūҪǷƵľ㹻ǿңܷˣ
ս⣺Կأ
ţҪƽô뷢ƣĳˮͰճ͸ƽ͵Ǯˡ
ţմҤ԰ԡҲһճ
ˮͰͨԡ׵ĹҪ򵥶ˡ
ⶫ̫ƵʱҪƻ򣬹Ƶö鼸ΣܹϸĳƷ
õĶԡͰⶫľͷ˵ʵûԡ׷㡣
ԡͰ̫رˮϴȽ鷳
ԡ׵ĻҪܶࡣ
ڵײһˮڣʹõʱӶס˰һΣͿ԰ˮųȥɱڵԡͰˡ
Ҫ״̫ɲʻġ
˽˶ơ
ս̵ţ·ѾԪų˹
ԽԽ˷ܣ޲ھȥԡ׵ͼ
ֻʱѾ磬Щˡ
սֻ緹ȻȲȥ鷿ʼԡ׵ͼ
ԡ׵ķǳ򵥣սܿͻ˳
Ȼ˳ˮڵλãͼ˵
ܿͻˡ
֮ս룬ɴֿʼͼ
ԭǴˮ͵䣬ԡ¶ȡ
ȴ⣬׼ڣһˮ
ͬʱǽˮܡ
ˮҪһȽϴĹˮ
Ȼô͵ú¯ˮ
ƵٸЩⶫů
ҪůĻЩ
ڿȲ
ˣôڡ
սһ룬һ߻ͼ˳Ѵú¯ӵͼ˳
ȻֻˮͼڴϷһ׻飬ˮ
ȽϴԸ߶ȻȽϸߣˮЩ鷳
û飬ˮȥˮ
ˮͼս˳㻭˸峵
ĸӵƽ峵˶
ĸӶƳ֣ҲףеĹգܹ϶ʹҲޡ
սĸӺָ˼ȥԱõ֧š
ƽ峵Ժ˶Ҳʡöࡣ
հƽ峵ͼã鷿žͱˡ
ս̧ۿȥʵʲô£
ƽ˵˴ҤֽҪ𣿡
սһŸ߳ҪҤֽôˣ
Ȼү
Ҫǻͣٶȿ϶ûô졣
ϾֻǸͨ£ţԷҲδؿ
ɳ̾Ͳһˡ
ҪĶ˭Ҳأ
սţͻȻЩˡ
˵
һ䣬ƽƿţ˽
սһһ鶼û⡣
ǣȻһһǸŮӡ
սЩ벻ף̾ȻһŮ˸ʲô˼
ʱƽ˵˹˻˵ԺźΪ£Ҫ𣿡
Ȼ˶ˣͼɡ
սЩ̵ʲôϷѾˣҪҪ£ܵü˵
Ҫ涼Ͱ˸ϻȥԵң
ƽʣҪ𣿡
սͷ
ūȥ
ƽ˵˳ȥûñһˡ
սһۣЩ⡣
ŮǸ˴磬ϴɴֻ¶һ˫ž޲۾
۾ƯûʲôӲˣӦǸƯŮˡ
ֻǡ
ΪҪսЩʣҾˣǰɴĵ
սóŮЩһ㣬ûȤ̽˵˽ŮҪֵ£ͱ֪Ů˵ĸס
ܲʲô֪Ͱ¡
Ů̧غսӣģūòªŵԲǹ뿴ūժɴ
ս⻰ˡ
ŮӾʲôˣ
ô˵϶һ㡣
ھͰɴժ
Ůӵͷū
˵վȡɴȻ̧ͷָս
ƽվһԣñȽϽŻˣ㡭
ս۾ߵǰ°ͣһ
ýˣŮӵԵøӲҲ̶á
ֻ
-

129 Ů˵

սۿɰŮˡ
Ů˵һСȭͷİ̺ۣ氼͹ƽɫѪ죬ʮˡ
ɫȻγɵ̥ǣжɫسƤԳֳֹɫ
ƽһĻŵ˶㡣
ǿսŮôҧ˻Ҫս
սûע⵽Сɰ˫ž޲۾Щʣô£
ɰ⻰ž޲۾˲һĶ
ؿս˿£̲סʵﲻū澵ܿ𣿡
һ̶ѣֲѪģӣʲôµģ
ս治ú¡
үүǸҽиָĲβ
ÿζԱΧۣʶ˸ָĳª˺ۡ
ÿһֳª˺ۣΪѾʱ򣬾ͻᷢ˺ֳ¸߶ȡ
ôѾֲˡ
ɰϲһ̺ۣûзŧܿµĶȥ
ɰսĲ£в˿
·ϣһֱսòª
ս£սҪȥӾ㲻Ҳٵõá
սδ£߸ܹõá
սɰı仯ٴʵڿ˵˵ô𣿡
ūŮӣʣòҵ֮
ɰ˵⻰ʱ˫۾ָֻ˹ž޲ģ˵ȱˣūԺŹϵ¡
ԭˡսջ֣ϣүѾ˵ҴôҤֽЩܰʲô
ūʶ֣Ҳ̵Ŀ֧
ɰ˶٣˵ū澲֪ЩʲôὫҪתҤĳֽķලǾҪĶ
սһͻȻɰȷʵá
֮ǰ£վӣܴռҡ
ÿͣƽȥ롣
ɰͲһˣ
Ůӣס⾪Ժ
ƽʱʲôԸɰҲ㡣
սЩĶóȻ͹һЩ⣬ɰ
ɰȻǻģĶ٣սʵ⣬ȫҸĴ𰸿˵㵽
ս񲻽ԽԽɰǸӢˣ
ǳܹ̽ģⷽ棬Ӧÿס
Ȼɰĵ˿϶ǳ̣ս
ûϵֻҪܹú£Ҫ䷽˾С
Ҥֽǳ¶ˡ
ɰ㲻ĳ̣Щ䷽Ҳס
Ǻϵó֪ҲûʲôҪ
ãЩ̽һ
ˣȻҤֽβǦҲƳ
ǦʵıоʯīۺճһϺƶɣѡ
ëȻãȴҪī֭ʺЯ
Ǧõʯīճʮֵ˵϶Ǹǳѡ
ս뵽̰Ǧʵд
ȻԡףˮͰǦʣֽԼˮӣɰЩȥҤֽǱƣϣ쿴Ʒ
ɰؽӹӣɨһۺ󣬲Щ𾪡
Ȼ֪սһЩȴû뵽Ȼܹһóüŷӣ
һʱдģ
ȥɣǣֻҪҪĶٲǵĺô
ū
ɰûҼȥܿȥ
սûв´ɰҪ󴫴Ҥֽûã̾͵õϢ
ɰͨ籨ţҤֽˡ
֮ǰս뿪һ״Ԫ¥䶯һʱ
ҪҤֽȻ˵ʵͦ⡣
һʱ֪սҪʲôֵ˲ۣй¶ܡ
ֱӰҤֽ
Ҥֽҵɰ֪ͨ˸˳̡
˳㻹ɰȥ䷽ֻܳܳ䷽ԭϽ˳̡
ֽ̿ϾּššüּսЩ
ôҲ뵽սıּ
Կ֮δ룬սҪĶ
ԡףˮͰǦʣֽˮࣿ
üͷ߶ԹﶼװЩʲô߰Ķ
Щսôģ
-

130 ޿ħ

Ҥֽõ䷽󣬾Ϳʼշӵԭϣ׼ơ
սҪĶ֣ԡףˮͰǦʺˮ඼ɴҤΪҪơ
ֻֽҪֽҲֽȻҪɺܶࡣ
ҤòѳĻƷֳ飬ÿ鸺һ
УǦΪ򵥣Խʱ䣬Ǧ˺ϸǦʡ
սֻһǦ䷽ǦʱоƫдʱҪرҲ׻ֽţּܺڡ
Ҥú󣬺ܿǦʵơ
ǹµ̴ľгõǦطŽȥ˸̺սȥ
һֱڵȳƷȴû뵽ô죬յǦʵʱһ¡
ʱҲڣ˸ӣòУһشߴ򿪺ӿ
صһۣŴ򿪺ӣ鿴Ķ
ս䷽ϻǦʵģԿǦʵʱûôȡ
ѴһԿһۣЩ棺ǦʣǦ𣿡
̿䷽֪Ǧʯīճģرص˳һۣ׼֧Ѿõı֡
˭֪ѾȻּһ˱ʣֽϻ˻
ֽ˲㻮ɫ
ЩɵۣףĿд֣
˵ţʹдԡ
ϰԵصձʵƣ͸ëдһ
Ȼдֵʱɵˣףôдˣ
ѾһҲɵܿձʵơ
˼κҵȷձƣ˳д
ֻϰëд֣񻻳ǦʣǿƲдֲÿ
һۿд̫󣬾ЩʲôǦ߯ˣëʷ㡣
һıʣע͵͵ָУȻֽдһξдƯּ
ĬĬóдֶԴһ£Լֺÿˣ˵˭˵Ǧʲã̫á
ЩȻһд֣û취ˡ
̿аԵ⣬ֽ˵֪һ֧ʺķѼΣ
ɵۣĶ֪ѽ
̼ܵܣͬʱеҫ˼ǦϸľʯīճƳɣʱ̡
ЩǦʣֻʱ䣬ֻ飬Ĳ࣬ģǧ֧
ҪǣǦʲҪպīдҪĥīʱд֡
֪дҪķıīֽһҲ١
ЩΪƣʵıīֽ⣬Ҳ޷
۵Ǧʣƶ˼ңҲܺķѵ𡣡
һɵˣɵ㶵ؿų̣磬ҪģǿǴ󹦵£ȫµİնøл㣡
̵Ц̵˵Ǧʣʵɩġ
СԹҲ֪ôģȻı
ѣ
ͻȻеô£
ɩܹóԵĲ˾ˣôǦⶫ
ε۹Ҳ̫ˡ
ģ˭֪̻ҫɩ˺ü˼ĶϧֻǦ˳ĻơǼˣʶʶ
һˣ̲ס磬ûأڽɩӲʰɣ
ʲôʵģ̲صͻȻɵ۾˵⻰ʲô˼ѵ롭
СʲôҲû룡ŵøϽ˵磬Сֻ㣬ϽѻڶҪ
˵ûȥʡ
˵̱꣬źӽˡ
ѺƤȥ

ʹ
ӡ
ɿ쿴һں滭˸棬һӣһµ׼
һ£ţôˣѵʲô£
Щŵطӣݣɫ˲ˡ
ˣ
ˣɤе
խZ棬⻰һ˲ȥ
׳ˣ
խZɫЩס
ʱۼؿ˹˿
δޣǸ׵ʲô£¿ϣӦûһɣ
խZôһ룬̵Ͷ˼С
̲̾
խZʲô
û˵խZⰡ
̺ɵ߹ȥʾҪۡ
ܿ˽ȥ档
ų̾ͱ˽ȥ
ѺƤ˽ȥ
̧ͷһ̣е顣
̲ס붺ӡ
ʵãŵӣ˵ǲˣҪؼȥΣ
-

131 

̾Σ
ԼѪ
پ٣ǵȥף
ô
˵Ǻ£ⶼˣвܣ
ظʣòס˵ţԼһѹûʵɣ֮һ˼ȥʣ
ҲȥϾˡ
ҪʱѳɳȥŻʺǶɲý
Ҫǻʺһŭ֮°´ɾͶˡ
۱㲻磬۾ųĺӣʣõʲôʲô£
һ⻰ױƵش򿪺ӣóһ֧Ǧ˵뿴ΪǦʣպīд۵ףܸߣãƹ㵽ȫݼ°ա
ԴλһֱҪ֤ԼȻĵۺá
ȤŶ޿
߹ȥ˺ӸǦʣʽۡ
һòߣһ󣬸Ͻ˵ʣǦʺëʲͬоӲձҲһдʱҪЩ
һָУʺƣſʼд
һдȻ֪Ǧʺëʵ
һдΪϰߣдֲôÿ
ۺܲ⣬⣬Ȼ˶һߣͰָˣʬ𼣡
̼װûпüͷֱӸ˱ˣԴǦʺëʵĺķѡ
óһԱȣߵĲֱһĿȻ
˵ۣѾһεĳѶ𾪵òС
˶ԴˣǦʵƾ̫ˡ
ãƹǦʣǸɵӣ
һʣǦǺ죿
ֵĳһ̳̿ȥȻЦһ⡣
ʣǦģ˸ҤǦʡ
ƳĵһࡣҤǱ߸ոƳɹ͵˶ôСϽ˹׸ʡ
Ȼ۲üһңôͻȻ
治ɫ˵ƽʱϲǿʲôıӣͻɡ
ʵҲ֪սôġ
СԹӣδ̫Щ
أսϵδޣ˾ģ˭Ҳ
˵ȻˣҤЩǦʡͿˣʱá
һӦ£ʷģСֻǦȻ۵ȴҲķѣδ飬ܲƽϵĶ
ɫһͻȻЩΡ
̲ƽϵĶѵͺƽδϱĶ
һȷʵճˡ
۱˵޻񲿾ڣ⣬Ǧƺú󣬻ר˽в򣬶Կ˰ɣ
̶Ȼ⣬æ˵лʣ̫Ӣˣ
ۿ⸱ȵģЩһʳѣʲô
ɵۡ
𰡣
ۿﻹв׵ģ
ˣû¾ͳȥɣæúܡ
ѸϽˣҲ˽ڸ뿪
ҡҡͷǰǦʣ̾˿
˲ٺ£̫ӳԵƽӹˡ
ԥãò̫ȥ˼ȥ̫Ӱһ顣
£ˣǴ󹦼ܹǧ
Ϊ̫ӣõóֵĹͲС
ǦʺͻӡˢǳģٽȥƹĻжĥɱ¿ɣ̫ʣֵ֮ĸҡ
Ի̫ˣĲѧȻ˵㣬ֵĻǹġ
󣬾Ͱ¼£糯ʱٵ
Ȼּۡ
ŵӣʣ뻭˵׼ͻȻ̵Ļ
˵Ǧġ
ʾ䲻ȥˡ
ԥһд˸׼֡
ˣ͸ŷŸ٣ǰˡֻСһ϶֪ˮж¡
Ƣʱеڡ
뵽Щģתһ룬־ž㵨ٴҲȻˡ
ǳŮŮȷʵе㲻񻰣Ҳ֪ҶôŮģȻӡ
֮ǰǴ˵Ű裬Ŀ޷͡
ɽأ
ѾͷԴˮתӣʵڼӲȥ鷳ܹõĶʵΪǡ
ֻϧǸңȻѾͷ͹ˡ
źţ־ս˴󹦣ܿ͸սһѶ̫ҽѯսж
ּһ£Щ͵͵ֻˣ˲ɵˡ
-

132 ˼

ԴӵӣͳƲ٣ھȥӪ
ɰĳЩ˸ˡ
Ѿźˣ͵Žףһֱô죿
ܲһֱȰɣ
Щһϼƣ߳
ΪҪˣʱſ϶ûؾ粻ʱ䲻ĻôϹ
Щžֻһӣ檺ͨûУ϶Ǹɫġ
иɫĴˣҲδػϹ϶ҪЩʱ䡣
ôһ㣬ǵʱȻ͸ˡԵþ˰ŵߣгʱ乴ţ
һ俴ͨ顣
˵ĵ˵һֱţò֪ʲôɣ
ܣ˵ǲˣԲһֱﲻϳҾãǸᣡ
˲߸ҪչˡҪʱиɫĴ²չܲĶ𣿡
⻰һ˸͵û캮ضģۻһɣҼģ²ͳ𣿡
˵ʱüŪۺٺֱЦˣȻû¡
Աһʿ˺󣬲ֱüͷЩ
һֱɲð죬
ֱܲӰ͵Ÿȥõİ취Ӣ۾Լ˾Ȼȥ
Ӣ۾Ϊ˱ô˳µ飿
һһ߳ķӡ
죬ȴ۵ͻȻˡ
ʵЩˣһ£̷𣬴󲽳˳ȥʵʲôˣ
иʿǮ䲻ķ˴ѲڣķĴֺݺһ١
ȥ˾ȱһȥҶķˣִˡ
ˣɫڣŵ壬·ҵҪǲ뷴ˣ
·ܿ쵽·Ķķ
ʱ򣬶ķѾġ
µʿѾֻȴȥá
ķĴͬץ
ɨһۣиƤõվһԣǶķϰ塣
ʵʲôˣ
иʣһӵĻ
˵ŵӻҲû˦ӣӾ˹ֺõ˵񸻴ʣķϰ壬֪үʲôԸ
Ǵˣ
ŵñɫϽϵԩҲ˵ķŴҴҸϹʱѾץز°
˵Ѿشѣֻ۾
̣Ҫʣ˭֪ʱķͻȻŮ˵

תöȣһŮӾʧشӶķ˳
Ĵ磬ǸδŮ
ֻǲ֪ǺݣΪλڶķ֮С
ſš̲õüͷ
ҪʣŮͻȻɷĴ֣Ҫץ
ŮԸˣĿһɨͳų˹˾
ĴֿһĻ̴
ܣվס
Сʲôվס
ŮӾţŵСҰף滨᣺˾ȾŮŮŮӣץ˻˾
һߺһ߷ɱۿҪ˵Ż˭֪ͻȻʧԭأ
ŮƲһײ˸ʻ
Ů˲Բ۾۵ֱ᣺
ʣѵһˣ
Ůòϻɢŵ㣬һ̲ס˫ַס
Ůŵһ˫۾˲ɵùԲ̧־͸һ⡣
ž
ʲôҪĵͽӣ
Ϊķϰ壬ͨ٣ƽʱûȥ¥ݹˡ
ϧ֮ˣ
ԭŮòȷʵ˼˼
һ򣬸ﻹ˼
ֲûмˣ
ǵ͸Ůƣûͦء
žžȥŮζ˵˲
Ůҽһ֪ԼĶ֣Ͻ˿üѰŵӰ
ŵĻһ۾˳
վһԵţŮץס˾ݣϽ˹ȥϥһǰ˾
ۿʲôˣΪҾ㣿Һܺ棬ΪξǴˣʵֻ·ʲôˡ
Ůû뵽ʣЩĻźͺɡ
ôʣѵڻ
УȻĻ
-

133 

Ů뵽¶ĽܿԼ侲дʵ˵Ů۾Ȼó׿ȺƷǷȻһλĴˡ
ŮŮӣֻҸݺǷ¾޶ծҪծıץ˵ҪϢ
ձץķûãķͳ£и˳
˾ȾǴ˲ϣֻסס
˵ĵؿ
ֻϧո߸𣬿ӱ˼ҼЩҲ̶á
ź˼ǣ㣬Ҫȥ
ɫһţϽ͵˼ֻҪסףûбȴ˵˼
ͻȻʵ㸸ĸأֵܽأǶô
ĵؿˣĸֵܽãֻиΪ
ױҪծ˴ˣѾ׶༪١˾ȾȾȸףԸ⵱ţˣ
Ȼ¡ӣܿڳ£˭Ըһˣȥ￴ĸף
⻰һ˶ʮĶ
һӵĸ׳ΪɤҲ󣺡үñְȥɣְûϱأ
һ˵ͷǾˣ˸ȥһˡҪǸ׵£Ͱ̧
ʱɵۣĲһ
һۣƤڣӣøͷƵģܸȣ
ۿ˳߹վҪ˽Żˣ£
žȻ÷ɿ죡
ûܶŻˤ˵ϡ
ǰѩһȣѾŢۡ
һˤȥϵ·ˡ
Ǹ׳ӿСﻹǿţç
ɫʱһȵҲȥ
ˣȴûô⡣
ĿţֻҪܹõŵκͳ谮ԺҲܿˡʲôҪ
ѵҶɣ
ֻǡŵľδҲ̫ǿˣ
ͶͱȻֱӶ㿪ˣǲǸˣ
ϲŮ
ϲ˰ɣ
кɣȴȴš
ŵ̫Ϭܹ˵һʵЩ񣬲Ҹӡ
лˣ˸ףһ˵ţ˵Ĵ£
м˵һ˫ӯӯˮţ˵ȥӵçͻȻ߹˵㸸ıҪٲߣɾûˡ
һ⻰ֻһǱһֻεĴָסˡ
سſȥŲδŰ˿
Ȼžܣнغšס
ۿ뿪ıӰѾԶˣʸʣŮô£˰ץģ
ҲأҴҽķ£ûʵвƣ˵Ůô£
вȡġ
Ͼķָвƽ
вƹºܿ˵ضҵĻȷʵиˣǶķһǮ˲١СǮ͵͵·˸һȥĶҲȥ
˵ĺúõģᾡＯӰǮϣ˭֪Źһϣͱԣ˵ҪǮûУһŮҪŮծ
ͷ˿治ϻǮּŮúƯͰ˻Сľ˰ںԺ׼ʾҺٿô
˭֪£Ѿͷ˳ңСԩ׷ǵծɲСŰģ
һ˿
ķģ֪ܶͽ͸һΪ˷źӶóѺ
飬ڶķʡ
ֿķҲִ˲ʰҪծʱ򶼱ȽϿƣǿˣֻŻвͽ϶ծҪȥֽš
ܶͽ±źƳծԸģǸ浽ķҲ¡
ζķ£ɱǡ
ҪǶķǿŮӻɾʹˡ
˻㶮£ǶͽԼƳŮծǶķûʲôϵ
ҵţ͵͵ƳһۣɫѿϽЦүղſɶˣĸװƳծɲǶķǿаץġ
俴һۣ͸һŵøɫҰף̲ס
ҧгݵ˵ĸ֣磡
ʱˣȴһصͷǣǶĨ׵ծٲȥҪǮ
žɨһۣš
ʲ±ƣţʲô
-

134 

һ±Ƶؿš
źܲ⸻ʳ÷ͷӷʳʵ۾
˿һۣŶԼˡ
ɫ䣬˵ĻǰźļǷծǮ쾭壡ǵǷ˾ծҪŮծǾͰɷ죬棡
ղŮ˼ֱв
ȻһˣϹ
ָȺץľ˵˵ǵ¡
˵ǷծǮ쾭ʱ򣬺˿
Ȼ棬ľٴ
ЩǱñףһĲøˡ
ǸϽȥĳЩ֣ЩǱøң͵͵˿
ûã˱ôң̫ܲɣ
ʵ֤ȷʵܽ
ûֱӶĳЩô¡
ܼ򵥣һʼ˵иڶķǮܲģǮҪȥ
ķ˵ȻˣǮҪȥģ
Ҫ˭ôɣķˣ
ǾۣķǮ͸˴
ֻһˣƵ
ܿˣķ˸˳
ϳܲģܻؾӪһˣҪһسӣͬʱǮ
һ࣬Ȼִˡ
ۿϷ壬ͱ
µľִ֪ˣǰվãǺܿһ
Ϊ˻Լ֪ȫ˵˳
һǳҪǾµľԹӼ飬ĸ׵زǮ
֮ȥǮǮ׾
ԼľãнǮȫˣżú۾ҲҪǮû
һֱԱţ֪ôԵʣϽԴǵ˵ԭôԵʣָĳ̲ܽϣײ˸λ׳ʿ
չأķӮԸǮ϶ǲ˵ģλ׳ʿһТĿɼΣĳԸʰٹᣬλ׳ʿ𡣡
Ǯǲ˵ģȻԺ˭˵ѣҪǮô죿
ʱôһ˵ܰ¸ˣܸԼ˶֪ʿɲǴΪʵ˵
´ȥ˭˵Ϊʣߣ
͵͵ŵɫŵɫûиղôѿˣ˷ܲѣøոǲ߶ˡ
ٽԹ顣
˵˵ţԼжˡ
Ǹ˰
Ķķ£Թµ˵顣
̫ˣ
ŸԹ˵һĺûȥˡ
ִ̧ϸʵ飬ǸѾж˵Թӣ˭Ǯģղ˵ǰûжĹǮǵһΡ
Աܺ棬ȻûжĹΪʲôͻǮǮ׬ǮԼ뵽ģǱ˸ģ
һʼ˵˶Ǯµʱ򣬻ΪζǮµǸͽ
ЩȴԹǸǳʵĺӣǰûжĹǮΪ˸ϸβŻǮŻἤ¡
ˡ
һʵˣô뵽Ǯأ
ͻȻ;еɡ
ܹڷȻǹƾ䡣
Ҫûӣܹ쵽ĵλ
ʵܴ
εʵЩˡ
ԹһʵͻȻķǮ˵һȺܵĳ£ɹִˡ
õϢ֮󣬶ķͻȻܳһŮһˡ
һģ˭ÿɡ
·һ룬;ý¸ˡ
ֱؿԹӣ߱Ϊʲô뵽Ǯ
ԹЩԥ
ǮʵǱġ
ͬ磬ͻȻҵ˵زҪܶǮβ
һģôǮ
ѽ裬Ҳ費١
ҲŴ˶ʮᡣ
ЩǮͨĲǹˣβԵҩﻹ˲Ĺҩģʮﹻ
ͬͽȥǮ
˵ҪǲģȶСģҪ˾Ͳˡ
˵껹ʮᣬʮᵱ˵Ӯ˶ģĻ͵͸ˡ
ȻòģΪ˸ףֻȥԡ
ͬʮᣬȫҲԼǮ
˭֪ȻӮˣ
һӮ˼Ѻ׬ǮѪҺˡ
һȣ;ġ
ΪӮ٣СģʼĴġ
һСģеǮ
ʱڼˣ뵽ûҩǮֻܻ۾ˡ
-

135 ʶ

ԹԥŲ֪ò˵
ͬĸزϢʮǮҪǰͬ˵Ƕ
һµľǶʼղ˵һˣ
ǮԼȥǮʿǲһģ
ҪԹʵǱģǵ˵ЩõĻܹסһС
ֹؼʱԹӾȻưˣ
Щʲô
ӣү㻰أϽ˵
ǰӣ㵹˵
ӣϽ˵ʵɲźү
ӣֵܵҪ㣬ҼҲҪˣô
Щ˸Թĳʱ򣬲Ϊ˴£ֻǮҪΪǱǮﻹǵķݡ
֮󣬶ĳ̬رᣬҲɾ
Թ˴̼͸Ǵû취ܸܲɿŰɣ
ܣţ֪ôҲ
ֳ
С첻ˣԹӵãȻڶ˵
˶ˡ
ſԹӣ䣺㲻˵ţ
Թߣֻɱ
뵽ڻ˵үϢŭְ˵Ǳְͬ˨Ӹ˱ְʮǮñְǮ
˵ǶĸЩүǶ˵ְ̩زǷ˼㣬˵Ǯʱܹߴˡ
ְְһʱϣ;ԡտʼʱȷʵӮ˵㣬˭֪ȫˡ
ְζǱְĴְԸһ˳еүˣֻΪ˰ﱰְҪǮģΪ˴¡
ߣҿ˾ӪĹأһ˿һ˿˵𣿡
ŭԹӣʵǮЩˣȥָ
˵򸻴ʣʣһԹӲܿӮľ֣
ԩŵֱӹˣһҰֽүԩģ²ѹͲ֪үģ
ŰγܹӮģֻׯң㻹˵㰲ŵģ
ʿѩĵ棬ŵòӣү治ǲŵģ϶϶ͷ˳⣡үʣӣ
俴һۣԹˡ
ʽŵغһԣĵصȴ
ķͬŲѡ
ڣΧһȺֳеľ˭ҷ
˶ڿԹӣҳʱׯҡ
ԹӽķһһЩˡ
ط֣Ǹ˲
ֻһССľҲʶ鲻Ծˡ
һֱ죬ʵʲôˣ
Թӵ亹˵ǡǸ˲ˣ
ڣɫһϸڻǲڣ
˵գʸʣķ˭ڣ
˵үԵƬ̡ȥʣ
ܿ죬Ǹ˾ͱ˳
ϾķʸׯľЩˣ˭һ֪
ܷƣǶķвƵֶ
ܷʵķ˰꣬ʱ䲻á
ģļƻУҲܸɡ
ΪǹвƵֶķ£Ϳʼׯ
һֱҲûʲô¡
˻¥һλҪ
ڶķﲻܣķܶ˶֪ЦܷӢѹ˹ء
Ȼﲻ˶⡣
һʱܷǱˡ
ʹˣԹܹʮǮȻΪʵȴ˸
ܷƾҪǮҲûҪΪʮǮðա
˳˸Ǯ֡
뵽ͻȻ˵СˣǸ϶Ǯɵ󵨣Ҳܷׯ
뵽֮ǰǸĪŮˣֱЦˣܺã̫ûɱˣ
еѾˣж٣
Ƶͷϣ˵Щ˵ӲС
ҧгݵ˵Ķȥ
ٿвƣѾŵء
úݺһţװʲôȥ
䣬ƻس嵽ǰСһӵ
ף·
вƸϽ˴·
ûԶ˵ȥǧ
вŵ˶ˡ
ǧ
ǾǮôҪ

֪ʱͬ⼫ˡ
ΪǧԶķǱоܵһ
ֻǿŵϣûйȥֻû¡
뵽žȻ
ʲôҩأ
-

136 

Ȼ벻ף룬ܲòȥ
ܿһϵ˶ķ
һȥͿŴ𵶵ţķϰ帻սսվš
ĵȵ
װû˹ȥʰְү֪үкηԸ
Żһ񣺡ǧΪı
ı̱ŶүǷʲô
˵ǮľԹӣΪ游׳Ǯβͬ˨£ҶķǮ
˶ķӮ˼ѣ˽ȥϵʮǮȫ˸ɾ
ʱׯ˽ܷƣׯʱ򣬻иǷ˾޶ծҪŮծ
ҽ˵Թ£ûãиСӶķԺ˳˵Ƿ¾޶ծķץϢҾ
ϸһ룬ʵڿɡͷô¡
һ
֪ŵŮѾ۴ͻ
ǰλչˮǱ¶󣬵ڶûб
˵׼λչܹ飬Ϊʵʵ
ںӣʹ;ͺüء
ΪĸףȻҲӡ
ε£ǳġ
Ҫɵúúò飬ܳ˲
ô֣Ѷķ˴ȥֿʡ
ûã֮ǰؼҵˡ
ǻһʬ塣
ʬ忴ʮӣϵ˺жϣǱ˻
û뵽Ϊĸ׻һ·÷ǳġ
ֻǵ߽ķɫ˲Ͱˡ
Ȼ˼ľš
ֵؿţ۾һˮӯӯģ
ֻûڣž˵ץȥúʣʲôĿģ˭ģ
汾ץˣֻǿһͶſ֪ŵ˼ûóȻ֡
ŵĻȻû˹ǡ
ܿͱץ
ŵòͣһ˫Ư۾ֱؿţתذ˾˾Ⱦ޹ѽ
Ӷüͷȥʣ
ϾֻǸŮӣеùЩɷ
ܿͱ˶죬ץ˫۳˳ȥ
Щȵؿš
ոտǸòŮӵʱ򣬻Żᶯģ˭֪žȻʯĳ
ܹϺүˡ
ɷ͸
ǳڶŮ鳤ôĶ֪
еӢڣ˳ɲң
ʽûгȥܷƵ˻ˡ
ֻһһܷƼš
ǵʱܷѾһʬ壬Ƿɱһ顣
ൽΣõ˿ֳʬ֪
ֻһ˻ţһǱֳ߱
֪ܷϢźɫ
ȻйŹ֣ʽûг֮ǰһж̫ࡣ
ܷһ͵֤ǵĻǶԵġ
ܷηɱǸǱ˿ڡ
˶һۣȥܷƼ￴
ǵܼңһͨһЩɵĺۼ
ǷּȻܷƵּƣǾвƽǷԲܷд
ܷдֵʱϲ͵ϣǷȻҲһЩǺּܶٵǲָܷƵϰ߲һ
вҳܷǰдĶ֤ݣŷֹȻ
ԣ˳Ǯܷ֣ɱڡ
ţ֪үʲô㣿
˵ȥǶԸŮʣǵô¡
ر֪˭
˭˶޿ˡ
ôûˣ
Թǡ
ȻԹǱƣɴ˾Ǵˡ
˴͵ܷ
ûãȥץ˨ӵҲˡ
˨Ҳˡ
ͷԽ˺ġ
źϢɴ˶ķЩʵΡ
ǻʱѾȫˡ
ϾֻǸŮܲס̡
Ǹ˲ĸףʵǸӣС͸ߣѧ
ʮ꣬Ϳʼӿ͡
ǰһδŮأһˡ
һʼ֪ԼҪ˭ֱ죬˸ŵĻȻ˰ץ˶ķ֪ͨ
-

137 

ŵܷ֮ư˳
ֻԺܷƾͲˡ
ź²⣬ܷƺܿڷ󣬾ͰĻ֮˵ָʾ͵͵˼ҡ
ϧû뵽Էôżɱڡ
˨ӣþԹӶǮȻ¡
ŵģܾܿרųԹġ
ԹһͨĴͷĻ֮ܲרŶ
ܵǣ˨ӸպԷ£Թôͬ磬ͱ˳
ԷΪڣɱ
ֻҪ˨ӴĶĶ£пҵǸˣ
Ǵ̵ģ鰸سȻذίи档
Ź˹֣ǧܹ࣬ͲԽ޴ˡ
ѲˣҲѣֻ֣µرȭ˵үģְȻ࣬ץסĻ֣
ô˵ȴ̲סˡ
ģˣȻ飡
Ļ֮ĺɱںҪץסЩѡ
⣬ҲֻӲͷƤúòˡ
ֻǲ֪ԷΪʲôҪţ
Ļ֣ǵйϸǰ
ΪҸŮ˹ţȻŪôĶ
̫˰ɣ
Ȼòȴһ㣬Щϸѵϸţʲôã
ƾԴҲ뵽ԷţΪսɱˡ
Ϊʱ̫ԷҲӺʵˣôӡ
Ӽù⣬ʶҲ٣ױϳ鵽ݹ
Ѿӿ꣬ź˵ıºܲ
ǹҼʣ׼˵ı
Ļ֮˱ţӦܹɹ
˭֪ͲǸˣ
ôɫ㣬Ҽ˰ǰѰıȻһ㶼Ķץ
˸ɵ
һֱ͵͵µļϢ󣬲㱻Ÿ
ŪΪϹȻ飬һҲϧ
˼ԺҲˡ

˵ǰӽȥ飬ȴҲûȫ֡
Ҫ֪ĻûиرĽ
ȻĻʮֽһ֪Ĳࡣ
ԷûиΪʲôҪţҲûиһĽ
ۿҲʲ֪Ĳֻ֪÷
Լڤ˼һĻпǵйϸҲпУǰ
ϾΪãűߣܿܵõһЩܡ
벻Ļ֮Ŀʵս
ɹߣԷͻύ뷽跨ĴܻϺӡ
Ȼ⼤ŭսս
뷨һʬԵսͷϡ
ϧ̫飬һʧˣﻹкЩƣ
Ϊ⣬رġ
ֱӷȫѲ֮ˡ
Ǽһȴ·˺ܿ챻ץ
ϧҲָʹ֪ŵĿġ
ָʹǵһ۵С٣ǵ˲鵽Сټʱ˾ȻҲ֪ηԾǱ˿ڡ
ˣɱˣȴֻܼСٵ˼ϣܹҳ
Ȼֱ۸ŵҲûв鵽ʲôõ
Է̫СˣСģ̲סľͬʱҲԷ˹ŵĿġ
յ˾ᣬӦϢأӦϻȥأ
뵽ӺͱŮźܿ˾
ƨȣҪ̸ϻȥŮ
ֿôãӦú˰ɡ
Ҳ֪ھǵʱ򣬱ûб۸
ұôԣҪǱ۸˿ôǺã
У̸ϻȥ
ҿɺͳ֪뷨Ȼ˵ᱻ
սᱻ۸
۸˾Ͳˣ
֪ҪؾͿһ֪Ǳ߶£
ŵıŮǱˮžֱ¶ŵıƢҪ֪˻ַ죿
бڣӦòְֵ̫ɣ
Һͳ¼鷳ˡ
̲סЩֻ
һĳǿ˳ۣʱʱľҪһ翴һ˲˳ˡ
һΣЩڴֳܹʲôĶ
һţһ⾩ǱߵĶ˵Ƿǳˡ
űڹ֪Ƿ£һ·緢Ƽ
һСģڡòᡱ
-

138 һ

ս֪Ż
æżҤͷճĳƷ
ǵˮȽأƴש׼ǽ͵档
שͼ򵥣ȽףҤǱѾƳһƷ׼нһļ顣
ԡ̫ĿǰƳĶ̫ɹԡ
Ͱ͹ܵ˳ƷǳˮЧ룬ͬҪ顣
ˮ࣬ⶫյʱҪԭĥ飬ĿǰĹˮ׼Щ鷳ʱ
һĳƷ̫ɹڶƷո͵顣
ս˵ֱŮװȥҤԿ
ȴ֪ǰŸյҤž˸ͨ籨š
ҤǰսҪˮ˼Ȳͬˮͻ塣
еİʲôûмӣе˲ݾ˿˿Լֽ
ˮשõǽ
ԼúĨһǽ
⣬ʹôͳĶ顣
սʱˮͻѾ͸ˣ͵Ƚƻʵ顣
սȲ鿴еĳƷûɹ
׼˿ʼ
ʱˡ
ս˲ס·ʶƵģ֪λСγƺ
սüЩò׼̾װɵϲ
ʱݣԼӡ
ϲ˵ùȥ
ֻǣôͻȻˣ
Ϊٽ꣬æӰ̺ôǲ̫˵㣿
սɲ֪ȷʵæֻ˵ҤŶ¹
Ͼδ飬ܣ˵л
ѾЩûмսˡ
ս񣺡¡
̼ºŮЩֵֹģ̲סʵЩ죬ǲ
ս治ɫ˵¾ò죬Ӧǲ񳤵褵Եʡǰδ¡
𣿿ɱôǵã̫ƽݼ㣿ʱмԲѷ㻹ȥѵǡһߣǼӾˣ˵ɲɣ
սҧǼǴˣδȥ̫ƽݡ
̻δЦЦǾ͵ûȥɡ
˶٣תʵˣڸʲôЩˮģ
ʵϴʱ͵Ϣ֪ˮʲôá
ԺһֱڴҤܹɹˮࡣ
ԴʱĳƷЩ
ˮҪĳɹǿǽʹӣЧ϶ܺã
Գ̶ս󣬾Ͱ˼ˮϡ
֮Թôʣûս˵仰ˡ
սһֱڼҤֶǳ̵ˣ治̶֪ˮ¾֪١
ųƽʱӦͦæܲһֱҤ֪ЩˮҲпܵġ
͵ȷʵˮģڼһЧ
˵곯ɰ˵ͷɰʼ顣
׳˳ÿһʼõשǽ
һ顱Ĵ֮󣬶ȱҿ塣
Ĩ˻שǽ
ûǶ֣̾ͺͣ
ǽ
ΪĨ˻ҵʱԸá
ζţˮǽЧ൱õשǽǳι̡
̿üѣϽ˼ҡ
ǽõˮӺͻӣԼͳĶ顣
Աʮֲҡ
ĸ̶ֽ̳ȼֱ˱
˼Σһ첲ˣҲûܰ顣
ӵĺȻһ㣬Ҫǽô񣬿¾Ͷʯû취
֮̿󣬼ˡ
սȤ
˭֪ͻȻŤͷֱسһ˫۾ˣʱܽ븹
ս̲סһ
̵̫ˣ浣ͻȻ˹
ǣ˵ģ
̵ûϳ
òϲˣɣ
սԥһ£һεˮյñȽϳɹأ
Żع񣬲һֱ̣Ȼʱرá
˷ܵ˵ҲúܲˣʣµˮеĻʹȥʿŸҲϲ
սһ⻰Ҳ̲סЦ
İȻǰͲá
ֻǲ֪ۿˮ࣬᲻ٸʹ
ôţսѳ̣֪¶ˮ⣬жȻϲҲЩӵ龫ǡ
ôˣǲǸñʾʾ
-

139 0139ŭ

սĻʱЩ
龫ǣ
ô˵սЩһֱھԺԳԺȺȣ
ʲôǽխZҫ
ΧھӱζԹص
ˣ
˵Լ龫ǣ
ǡǡƤ
뵽ԼЩӣЩƣ̲ס˵˵չŪˮ࣬ʵΪ޸éģ
˵Ů˵ʲôӣ
ôõĶȻҪé
ֱǱ
УԺԲ֪ˮΪ˸éճġ
ˣ
ս̷ˣ˭˵ģˡ
̺ЦؿŶˣȷ
ȷԼ϶ûսʱں˵˵
ˮΪ˸éôأ
϶Ϊ˶ô˵ġ
ȻȷսƳһۣһԵܲõקЩˬǹ˵ʵϣΪ˽éӲյˮࡣ
̣
ζ̫أɫ˲Щÿ
ŭصս㡭Ͳ±𣿡
ս޿ֵЦЦ֪֮أ
㡭̵սһȻ֪˵״Ǿݣֻһߣ
֮󣬱㻹ôţ
±սûоܿˮ࣬ˮȥˡ
ȴ֪ǰŸߣսž˸ϡ
̽ȥۡ
ķѡ
ϻʵǰλôôˡǵᵽе
߹صĽ밴չҪǮǽͷ¡
Ƕ죬Ҫ޿϶Ҳʱޡ
֮ʱΪ̡͢
ԸÿϲϳǮ
㻧ϳǮɣÿʲôʱܲ
֮Ͼϡ
ڷҪ
ʱ򣬽궬ȥ䣬ԭϵӿ϶ù
ЩӲù͵½ӡ
´̣ɴ̵ûǮ
ԽԽ
̾ʱġ
鲻ã˵֪ͨӳ
̽ͦ죬ҽ磬Ƕ̡
ܺõӡ
ۿôˣ͸ˡ
ɫһ͵͵˰Ѻ
Щ벻ף֮ǰѹ鲻ã㡣
Ȼû
ЦøǮƵġ
ⲻҳ
¿϶Ҫˣ
ʼԥҪҪ˸Żʺͨ籨š
һõʵܸˣ
ߣ޶ֵôˣСӸ֪˰ɣ
Ͻ޹ԹԹϴ
˭֪̽͸аһûзЦе˵˵ˣȷʵܸˡ
ɰˣ
͵һӣŭܸˣʲôѾѩ֣аն
߹صĽʿȱҪ޲ǽͷ¡
أȻҪ½ӣʱһս֪Ҫˡ
Ȼܸˣˣ޵Ҫ֪ڸʲô
ùѪͷĳ̣
ĬƬ̲˵ҤƳˮ࣬Ч൱
ˮէ糾Ȼˮ֮󣬾Ϳ״Ӳʯ᲻ɴݡ
ãˮдã·ǽˮӡ
ףԵɳϺܱɼӲĻ
øӼ̣ǽˮٺò
ԭŭյ˲±ˡ
ŵصų̣˵ģΣ
ɫһЩ飬ʣµˮ빬ǲţھͿĿá
һ⻰֪϶˵ˡ
Ȳʵںδ
棬ʲȥٿЩ̫ӲĻѹϵש
룬˵еһ˳ȥ
棬Ȼһν顣
ۻǲ̫ų̵Ļ̲סЩȻǼӲޱȡ
̿һ˵ˮ빬ǻģһԡ
룬ô黹һԱȽϷģͬˡ
̾ͽǽˮͻ塣
ۺؿš
̼ģòʣˮ̺͸ﶼҪʱ䣬Ҫȵ죬ȫʱˮӲȡ
۶Դ˱ʾ⣬Ǻˮ࣬ͺʳ̣ˮ˭ģ
-

140 ̫

۵Ļ̵ıЩӲ
뵽֮ǰս۵ǸǳζĻ⡣
Ǽ·һɻ֮ȥĳζ
̺ɣҪǸҰսԭ˵ۿ϶Ҫ
Ȼ˵ʣһֱǽ¡
ϼüչЩ棬ʶΪˡ
ԭøֻ뵽߹ؿຮʿǲף̲סһ졣
˭֪Ȼͻ룬ˮ
ҲûʲôգֻҤ뾹Ȼ˳
ʣˮܹϿ˵ǹûԾֻŮӣǲϣĨɱĹ
ⷬ𾪵ͬʱ̲סЩԵá
Ȼġ
пţ̲ס°ϵĺӣЩԺ룺ε۹ǲ̫ˣ
͵͵ɫܺõӣʹŵʴ

źӣͻȻ֪ô˵
סˡ
ϴεǦʣսŹȥ죿
ʹ͵ĻҲ̫˿ʵˡ
ǲʹͣе˵ȥ
ϴεǦʺҪεˮ࣬ҪǦҪˣ
øʲôʹأ
̫ˣ
ҪŸʹͣǰʷ϶Ҫ
սһŮӣ˹ʵڲѸ¡
ȫµ˶ҪĶϱ
۾Ἣˡ
̿ΪѣǾΪѣֱʹͽ
ϲѰŮӣ˼룬ǮܹõĶ
һ⻰ɫͱùŹ
һңȻôϲǮô
ÿɲôʰ
ҪǴȥˣҪЦ
ȻҪǾ͸ˡ
õóֵġ
һţʹսһƽǧᱦ
ⶫ˵һֽӡپӡ٣Բôۡ
Ҳֵ֪ûһӡ̫ࡣ
ͱȽϡˣ͵ýҪٺܶࡣ
۰ţһӸ̫ˣȻһս´ڳʲôϡأ
ʱֵñʾʾ
ҪǸ̫ˣ´ô죿
ȻͬʱҲãսӦòôڳϡ
˭֪̫죡
ڵڶ죬ҤִһϢսҪú¯ˣΪƷķú
ú¯ӺͷúѹûʲôҤĶ̫࣬սûм
ˮսŰú¯Ӻͷúͼֽ䷽˳Ҥĳ
ⶫ̫򵥣Խˡ
̵ϢȥƷֱӴŽ˹
ã糯ȥ콽ˮ壬ûȫ͸
ú¯ӣÿ۰ġ
ۼú¯Ӻͷúʱֱɵˣһ飬Щؿų̣ú¯ͷ䡭úѵҲ
΢΢һЦ󷽵سˣЩˮ־̫Ѳ˵úʮּۼúա
ú̫飬鷳ķӣúɷѵ״
Ϊ˷ַúƵú¯ر𷽱㣬۸ַǳ
ƶգҲõú¯ͷú
˵ú¯ͷúۣȴ츣µĺö
ԣǲӦٱʾʾ
֮⣬ɫʱеڡ
͵͵սһƽǧᱦ
϶˾Ȼʹͣ
ǮǴİ
ĥһЩʣͷܽô뵽ʹú
ϱǲе̫˰
ôʹͣѾͷбҪô
յˮöٲ
һź֪ط˵еˣϽȵʵ֮ǰ뵽ģǮͶ˴Ҥֽ״Ԫ¥ͷе
ŻȻ
Ҫ֪ռÿĽнʿѵȡıѣƵðѳ̿һ١
ȴ˵ãú¯ͷúȫƹ㣬츣°ա
ʺϳ;䣬ԶΪר˾ú¯ͷúרֻ̼Ҫר˾һͿʹר
ٴɵۡ
ȵؿų̣ͻȻеİ
νר˾֪һͼЩ̼־ͻ֮ͣơ
ú¯ͷúףһףЩ̼ԹԳǮ
-

141 ɵ

Ȼܴһ۾ͿĹؼ
ȴ׼Ц˵Զ븸ʰ䲼һרķ
һרɹκ˲δר˾ʹרΪǷãʮ
һüע⵽˵δר˾רˡ
ʵΪҪר˾Ѳרר͹ר˾У
ǲе㲻
̽͵ˣר˿Խרίиר˾
ר˾յίк󣬸̼֣רƹȥһ̼ҪʹãҪר˾רѡ
棬ר˾ڿ۳Ӫɱ󣬺רֳɡ
ͬʱר˾յίк󣬻ලרʹ
ַ̼Ƿרר˾Ȩ䴦ȡʮ
ⲿַͬڿ۳ɱ󣬺רˡ
Ҳ˵ֻҪר˾רҽרίиר˾רֻǮ
⡭ֱüͷһֻҪרֻõŷǮʲôˣ
ˣⲻͬרҲвͬļֵרѵĶ٣ÿǱļֵ
֮ǰǦʺεķúΪĺö۵ȴ·רѻԸЩ
ˣ϶ǻк̼ܶԸרϷӪ
·ߣôרȻרѾҪͺܶࡣ
ãǦʺͷúĶȻԽԽá
Ǿòģר˾ԻһǮϲר
еרѣר˾С
⣬ԸʹЩר֮ˣкܶԸ⽫ר׸ʡ
̵ԽԽ⡣
ͻȻãԽԽϢˣȻİ취Ҳ
Ϊֻɱأԩˡ
νר˾ͺܲ
ȻǸרĲţʵϣר˾Ҫר̼֣Ǹ鱨ţ
뵽̲סºӣ۾
ڸ˺ܶ࣬ոλã²̫࣬Ҫ¡
Ѽ鱨оѶɳ͢Ǯ
ȴûʲô
ר˾Ͳһˡ
Թؼ̼֣ȻشЩ͵̼ͷǮ
ôһ룬ͻȻ;̫ˡ
ôû뵽ôأ
ͻȻЩˬӵģȻӱȥˣ
˵ôģ
ǰֱֱȥģôԽԽթˣ
˵˵֪ˣ˾ó³̡
ԭ䲼һ²ɴ⣬仹·
вͿܱ˿ϻñӡ
ֻһ뵽ר˾ĺô۾;ר˾ֵðһա
ȵר˾ÿ԰Ѳתר˾ȥ
׬Ǯ
ôһ룬ʱ̵ģ̶˳۶ˡ
ֻ뵽飬ʱûʲô̫ӣ־ˡ
ֵ̫ã̫ѹͱȲѽ
ͦʱһʱܹŪģ
뵽ˮˡ
̾ȥ
룬˰̫ӺͳѶ˹Ҳ
̫ͷء
̴ôô֪ܲ
Ҳɵӣ˵˳Ķ֪ˮô
ĺöȻҲˡǵһϯͱóġ
ǰóǦʣóˮ࣬ĺö
̱Ͷ̫֮λĹ̫֮λ
˵ִ̽˶ʲôأ
ôóôö
ľᣬ۵ˡ
̫һ۽ȥûҵ飬Ͻ·
һֱŬʸ˶˵Чر󣬵Ǳ֮ǰҪöˡ
̫ѾߵԶЩۼ٣Ƶ߹ȥ
Իż̧˹ȥ
ʱ򣬳Ѿҵˡ
̫ʱЩζ
ıȳѸȴȳҪ˵ףԼ岻
ϲ˶ҲûʲôۿŲϱܸܵȥرζ
̫ܿӾ͹˲϶ˡ
Щשǽˮ塣
ƽˮ࿴رӲʵ̫Ӽ֮󣬶һܸܡ
Ѿ֣Ҳ͵͵צӣǽϰ˰
Ȼ󱻶ûһ顣
ʱһʣöԣ
-

142 ۵ɧ

۵˳һۣȴûŲãû˵Сĵ
ͷİɣֲɵ
˵꣬˿Ȼ˵͵ػһӡ
飡
שǽϣһ죬޴ķóֱ۷飬ǽȴû
ЩɵۣϽ˵ղ²㣬һΣ
˵͵ֻһӡ
ȫǽѺۣûеֻǽһЩ
ѶʱЩ
ʱ˫Ҳˡ
룬ټȥĻ̫ǽҵҲû̫ô
һתխZ֣խZң
խZ
һҲ
Ϊ֪ˮõҤġ
Ķܲ
ʲôãȻǽǶʲô
խZͦˬɽ˿ڣѵܿ
ۿȥ
ϾǸ۵ܲܽһ͹Թʾ۲С
۵˵ȥԡ
խZȥӹѵݹָкһӡ
ֻһ죬ǽƸˡ
խZîžʮӣǽҳһ
ۿûֵ̫⡣
ȻխZֻӾҿ˶۵ɫ̾ͱˡ
ν˱˵ȻӡȲ֪һһ
ھǱŵˡ
ҪҵĶԱȣ֪õճϼȻЧô
ˮשǽô£ֻ˸Ӿ͵ȥ
ԱȻܸЩ
ŵĶ飬ͻȻ;úܲȫ
̾ʹ⣬Ҫרһˮ೧ˮ࣡
ʱʣʣµЩûءһ̫ˣЩˡ
խZô£ֱ۶ˣ˻ֱۡ
۵˵ͷͰ˵
խZܿ챻
˿мؿ˳һۡ
۸𾪡
ǵֽʱ
ⶫʵ̫ʵˣ
Լԣ˫۶ˣ
󼸸˸׳˺üʮ²Űҿ
ңȻҿˣͷĸֽȴš
ʹΣǿ֧ͦš
۶ʱ뵽ⶫȥǽоòװǽƤҵȴͷ֧ĸֽǻû
ԽԽⶫãʱӼᶨ˿ˮ೧˼
ˮ䷽ñܣй¶˳ȥ
ˮ飬۴Ŷǻ
룬ɴ˽سǺúÿЩˮӡ
ԡ
Ȼ˵ú¯Ӻר˾
̫һǳŪģﲻġ
ר˾Ǵ£ϽŬ۳ıߡ
֪ܵҲǺõĲǣ
רѺӶͺˡ
һרѲ̫ߣòȡӶ𣬷
˵ͱ̸ˡ
רѽᰴ䱾ֵƶã٣ȷʵӦָһ׾׼Ĺ򣬱Ҷۡ
̫ЦˡЩ̼һʵͣܶȴԱůѡ
ǰ̼֣ϷȡӶ𣬼ѡ
̫ӿ²֪Ϊһ䷽ʡ
ר˾ֻҪǽרר˾ȫȨίУǮ
ר˾ȴҪķѲȥල̼֣ôҪֶȻ١
ǲȡӶѲɴӹⲦǮôˣ
̫ӱ˵ֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿۡ
ȻҲ
⵱̫ӵ£Ϊ̫һѣ㹦
̫ӵãȻ̨òȡӶ
ⲻҪ²·
Щõؿ̫ӣʵӦ⣿
̫ӱסˡ
붼ǿ˰գ˰
̰ܶΪǮĶӿ˰ͣӰϹԹص
ܲӸ˰ɣ
ǲ
ôһ룬̫ͻȻ;ãȡרѺӶʵûʲôˡ
ۼ˵ﷴʧ
̫ӿǶɵˣúúС
֪˵ʲô
ܿ죬Щسˡ
ǱȥЩӲˮô򣬵һ۵òУȴΪܵʱ˰ǽеר˾¡
佫ǼǾ˫޳ɡ
ǮˣǵľѲָ
ĹǾͲһˣеͬ⣬еķԡ
Ҳ˭ҪǷԣõĲ·
벻͹š
취ǳãǼԵȫͬˡ
-

143 ̻

Ȼسȫûר˾Ϳճ̣ʼﱸˡ
רضһȫµķ
λʱֶ̣Ҫ䲼רȻ򲻸Ҵ⡣
ҪǳʲôӣλʷͲôʵĻʵۣҪΪȫµЦʷһʣ˱ӡ
۾͸ǹͬ飬רƾܳκβӡ
̫ӣ̺ͳҲų⡣
ѲóûʲôԵ
̸˵Ķ˵òˣֻҪû˷ԣ߹£Ҫƻר
̫ӣѾ˲
̵ɧ٣óĺö̫ӸеĲ
˵̾ǽ׷һͷͻʱ׼Ž˳Ե
ֻҪвͿڳͷͻĶ
ĳ̾ǲ˳򣬱ǰ绢ˡ
̫ĿɬԽԽǿҪٲŬ֣˵һͻɷ̫ӡ
۸˱֪Ǹò¡
˿ǧš
ɱ飬һʱܹ깤ģεרúúñ֡
ԲóרǰԵ̫رûһ
һϸµֺרܿ¯
ÿһֶĥһȷκδôʡ
ר˾רһѸ¡
Ϊר˾ල̼֣ٹٵһϢ󣬷Եر
̼ͦ
Ȼʿụֵ̼̃ĵλĩ
ƨã
ѵҸ͢а
˭֪۸ĵ۲һѹͲǸĴˡ
ɱӲ
Ҳͬ⣿

Ҳǵհ䲼϶ͦ˶
ϲ˵Ҳ᲻
˰Ǧʺͻӡˢдۡϡ
ۡʵǱֽһǹٷֽ
͢ʲôҪ߸صģͻдۡϣȻ˿ӱȥȫء
ܶ˶עÿڵۡ˽ʱ¡
ǦʺͻӡˢϢдۡϣȻܶࡣ
лӡˢΪ֮ǰУ״Ԫ¥ⶫȻҲרʹշѡ
ۡϸ¼˻ӡˢǽƹ㵽ȫء
ۡһĺ䶯ȻС
ΪӡˢȻǰù˽ΧСԺܶ˶û˵
֪ˣȻǾ̾ѡ
ǦʾͲһˣдۡϣʵġ
רѾ䲼Ǻܶδؿõרĺô
Գصظ۽飬ǦʵдۡϣƹǦʣͬʱҲ֪רĺáһרͿǮ
˳˸ϽרҪˣרעʱ޶
ۡһȥЧȻġ
ר˾ڸصİ´ոճͽӵ˲롣
Ȼܶ˶רĺôҪער
Ϊȷͬ뵽ͬһררҪ쵽µʱˡ
Ŵû磬ͨŲֻܸ´֮ͨ硣
Ҳûа취顣
Ϊ̫ÿصר˾Ὣܵһ˿ӱ͵ר˾Ȼ󾩳ר˾רʱȺר
Ƚ˿ӱͻظء
ҪʱЩá
ҪҲ١
һȻҪһĻ
רʱ򻹵ýһѣʧܣǮҲǲ˵ġ
ѣר˾ĵһˡ
ҪӼټһʼӼѡǲǮģΪ˸ʱ䣬ȻԸǮ
Ͼ˼ģӼĿ϶ǲһ
ר˾ոճܶﻹŹǣȥר
ʲôطģһרطɾй¶ˡ
Ըʵֻ࣬ȫʮֿɹˡ
ͬʱض̼ǰר˾ѯǦʵ£רҪ١
ǶͦǦʵƣֻǵǦʵר̫ߣԼһͨæµ׬ʲôǮ
˭֪һרѾȻߣһǷֻ֧ǦȥøǮ
ڲǦˣǮͲٸ
ô̼ǶÿԽܣһ
ˣһЩֽǦ֮ѾʼƻǦרдֽˣ
ϾǦҪëӲöֽ̫࣬дֵʱ״ơ
вֽŵǿдɼ۸ƫȻʺˡ
Ǿд˿̻
-

144 

νг
гȻͻд뷨г󣬽˻
ǣǦʺ󣬾д˿˾޴̻
ǦʺڱȽϽʵ͵ֽдȻ۵ĲֽԲʺǦд
Щϳ˵ֽ۸̫ͨͥ
Ǧ۵Ըʺʹá
ǦʣܵҪʵֽдɣ
ϲûкʵֽ
ζž޴гȱ
ǣȫزֽʼоʺǦдֽ
ô˿³ֵг֮⣬Ҳר˾Եʡ
˭¶αܣгϻǻַܿƷ
Ϊʵ̫ˣ
ҶѾϰߣҲûʲô
רһ䲼˵۾ˣ
Щ¶ȴˡơģרúá
ĶҪ˶þͱ˷ˣ˭ܸأ
Ȼǰûط´ҶѾϰΪû˵ȥ
רר˾ɾͲͬˡ
ʲô¶Ϳȥר˾ר֮˶ã˾͵øǮ
Ǯ͵͵õĻֺ󻹻ʮ
ǻ԰רר˾߾׸ʵ۱£
⣬ּν
˲
ǿǻʵү
˭Ҫǵһνʥּܹҫ鹣ģ
˻ʵүļνԺ˭۸ǣ
ǿг󣬲ֽî˾ָܹһЩֽ
ʱȥר˾רǵǮ׸ʵۣǲѡ
˵λߣȴǮᱻ˶ϡ
ԺܶʱǲòǮԼҸɽƲ֡
ȻвͿܱץСӶ
ǿȻ翿ԼԺֶ̼ܶἫӵܣܹƾ٣
ʱˣҲֱͦˣ⡣
ȻƾһΣܹĲŶ٣
濼ˣҪų͢ѡ١
õģСټŬһ
õģ֪ҪȶеٵĻᡣ
̼ˣοͨϰգ
˭֪Ҫʵ̫ˡ
ȻҲǾ䡰ƷΩжߡĻ
ר˾һ˵ݣúܶ˿һĻᣡ
뵽רǮԾ׸ʵۣ
Ҫרܹûʵ⣬ǻûгͷصĻ
ǧѷĻᣡ
Щ˿췴ʵۣƽտɲ
ֻ֪˭ǹúã˭Ǻûʵۡ
ר䲼Ȼ˺ܶ࣬Ҫл˸࣡
ֽǿ̻ʼоֽܶҲʼæˡ췢
Щš洫طģطй¶ܶ໹ڹûר
Щʲôûеˣû˼ˣһĦȭƣšöͨר˾׸ۡ
첻һһϦгɹģ»ڰ
Ȼ֪Ϊרר˾Ѿȫ񡰴ȳ
ȻĦȭƵİҲ֪۳ר˾һر鱨Űˡ
רר˾սʱҲ뵽רר˾ĳ֣ı
רר˾Ȼ˹䷢졣
ЧΣʱ˾ܹʲôĶսԤϲġ
ڣķȻ֮Уһʱгɹ
ǸѾвרմã
רר˾ոʱ򣬳зԵ˿ɲ١
ȻǿѹзﵽЩǡ
䷴̫ߣʵ޹⣬ɻ
רô࣬üһˡ
۰⣬Ҫ˾רһҪνһ
ȫµ˶֪Ǹͷ
۸ˣֵڱרר˾ĳ̡
Ȼûеʲôʹ̣ͣԸ̳óдĦˡ
̫ҲڣŰͦأԽ緢ĳ̣̲סᡣ
˵۱̺Ҳ˳̫Ѱ
Ϣ̫ٴζ̥
Ͳţü
ʱ̥ҪǴŻʺ۵Ķǻô룿
̥ܣƫƫϢ̫ˡ
һ죬ӵ˼ȴҸ˵
߶ĸеĻҲ˵
ֱϾޣ̫̫Ӵˡ߷硱
-

145 ˦ս

̫̫ߣеʵ¿ˣ
̫ȷʵЩۣ̫У˵ģ
һЦ²ۣ㣬ۻ˰ɣŷĲ˿ɻθڣ
̫ı΢΢һ
춯̥һ춼ûʲôθڣƫƫš
̫һʣͷ̲ס뷢
ǿ̫ŷֵ̫ǿ
ʱ̫Ӷŭ
΢΢һЦŶӣ˵ܹΪŮĸֻ֡ҪƽҲûϵ
˵ʱЦؿ̫ӣůڵϣԽԵˣ·¶ɢĸԵĹԡ
̫ӿ̲סͷһסСϵ֣İ˵ܹȢĸҲǹµĸ֣¶㡣
̫һЦ῿漴ǲʵЩһֱΪר˾ģ֪нˣ
̫һ⻰ʶۿ޳̵ЩģĿֻš
Ӻǰ֪ܶϲ
ȻһĸֵͬܣܴܵСϲһ𣬲档
Ժ֮ĸҲԽԽ
ǻүүԴͷӣܾٲҲֻţΡ
̫ӣܾܵ͸ˡ
Ҳпԭ
ʵ췴һУüα͢Χ
ǶܼɱһѪ·ʾ˳
ȻسйɶܵĹ͸
ǵճӣ类үүͷΪӣ̫֮λǶܵġ
Բֶܹܲġ
̫ӣ̫С
㲻ΪԼҲΪ޶һ
鱩Űɱ飬λ޶к³
°գаӹ
ԾܲҲס̫֮λ
ǶܵĹԽԽܹסλ
̫磬˼˺һ˵Ѿвרʺܸˡ
̫ﻹ²ʲô
΢΢һЦûʵ˵ר˾ǶģҲ֪ǲġ
⣬·ֻһᣬ̫磬Ȼûж롣
ʶ˵ȷģܴСʹ
̫⻰ǲͬƲƲ죬˵ǶôͻȻ뵽ר˾רأ
˵ʲôǦʺˮ඼ġ
ǴȻܹ˼롣òᡭרר˾Ҳİɣ
ôܣô룿һŮѣר˾רĶܹģ
̫Ӹרר˾սģһ̫ô˵ͱܵطˣʹ϶רȷʵͻȻ뵽ġ
ֻиģ뷨µѯʣ뵽רר˾
̫ɫ΢΢һ˶ٲЦ˵ˡܹǦʺˮ࣬ʵ̫Щ
Ż룬ר˾ר᲻ҲġϾôôĻ
˵ֻһŮõרר˾Ķ
Ǧʺˮ಻Ҳһ㶼ҲһŮܹġ
רר˾ģǶܵиˡ
˴ϻۣȻܹɪ
̫ɫԽԽѿ
ԥһҡҡͷܻ
˶٣˵ɫˣ˯ɡ
̫˵ĻѾ˵ˣԱԹȥﰲοˣǧȥ
̫Ӻҵ˵ͷӲڴϣһԽԽҡ
ս
϶
ǡսȷʵ̫ЩȻܹǦʺˮ࣬϶˴󹦡
ѹ϶ռܣӦúɣ
սǼ޸
̫Ӻ˼룬ɫϱ任
̫һʵʲôɫôѿ
˵գͳ˿̫Ӳ˲ϵ亹
̫һ£Űοģֻ룬λˡ
ޣչ˴ϻۣӦúϲ
ǿϧչ˶Ҳ֪ܲκá
̫ʱЩɵۡ
ȵؿ̫ӣЩôġ
ղЩ̫
̫ӵ˽⣬ôĵģ
ȻΪ̫һЩҲ˵̫ס
ָֻ˵˴ϻۣκˣĺӶȻϻޱȡ
ֻϧ̫»⺢ӣǧҪһźá
ϾԺҪģɲܱܸܵȥˡ
̫һɫٴγȥ
-

146 

̫̫ᵽӣ˼ٶȸ
֣̫ոЩԻĶӡ
뵽ĺӣ̫ӾͲҴ⡣
϶ԼĶ϶Ķӣ
ս
˶Ҳ֪ܲ
ԣҲҪüꡣ
οһŮӡ
רר˾ܻġ
ȷʵЩŹ֣úúòС
̫ȥˣЦø⣬ʹȴ󺮹⡣
ʵҲսܹרר˾Ķô˵Ϊ˸սЩ鷳ˡ
սʵڿɶһδСʵʵشڼżˣ֪ڣ
ӡˢǦʣˮ࣬ú¯ӣ
ôôڣ
ҪսȥҪѷͷˣ
̫񻹻С̫ûսôߵأ
й涨ŮӲø
ֻҪʵսרйأ
ͲţۻսŮ޸
̫ҲǣӣδҲ̫ĴЩ
ڣȻƾ̫ӵӣǳֺ˵Ķ֣
ͱ̸̻ˣ
˺ܿ˯˹ȥֻ﾿룬ֻԼˡ

ս֪̫߶ˡ
ΪæúܣûйȥĹ̫
Щ죬Ҥ½ճ˴שԡףˮͰҲճˡ
սûУʹҤｨһ
ù֡
ȲˣʹûʲôĻͿԸﰲˡ
ԴӸרר˾սһֱڹעҤĽչ
뵽̫Ȼʹ
޽Ҫ˶ʱ䣬ֻһĹͽˡ
޽õĹ޴濴ȥûʲô
Ȼ棬Ӿʹͬˡ
Ϊ˱ڴɨ޵ĵǽ涼˴ש
õҲͰǶ׿ӡ
ˮ䣬Գˮ
ƺõİ״ɫѩ͸ɾ쳣
䣬װľţȸɾˬʮɡƽʱõéɶˡ
Դ޽Ҥ˾ͼˣ޲̾á
֮࣬˸ˡ
ҪɺãΪǶ죬ɵñȽս˵󣬸ɴ಻ٵȣֱھԺｨŮޡ
Ҥﶼˣ޽Ĺ޶вޡ
ҹŴŮҲܰŮ޽в޸ڡ
ŮҪãҲѰط
ԺﶼŮˣżŻ˳֣вҲʡ
սֻŮޣõҲǶ׿ӣǳˮͰ
Ů޽ãѾǿʽͰʹשһ˷ֺ棬Ŷսûôˡ
ǿɶ֪Ůսǽģ
һãսȻƽЩȴʵʵڵĺá
ﻹǰôأ
˹ޣս˰װ˳
Щ£ʱᵽǶסװ޺ã˲Ű
ͷʼԣ˵רйصʱսѾװ޺ˡ
ɰ߶Ϣմ˵ˡ
ɰļʶƽܱȣһϢʶսϽ˵¡
սֱӾЦˡ
ɰһۣ˵˭ںң
רר˾ȷģµʱΧûˡ
ûиֻ֮Ҫ̲˵ȥû˻֪ġ
սţ̻ð˵ȥ
ŮӲø
Ҫ֪ˣȻĴ١
۲ԳҲ᲻
̳ӱ¿˲Ż˵ȥ
ڣͷȻڴר
̫˼ˡ
˭ڴĻǵغ
սת뵽˳ɺ뵽̫ϡ
񻹲ţʹҲδ͡
ɺǶԹ㣬ƾһ˲ֵǷꡣ
λ̫
սۣȷ̫ģǸ˼һʡ
¼ҺңҲûˣȫСͷ
Ȼ²˭ǾͶϺˡ
г
͸ˡ
ɰսɫȴ˼
ǵ˵ڵǲרר˾󣬹ע˲١
ϢҲ֪˭ģںܶ˶ڴǴ¶ǶԹﲻ
սһõģӢ䣬޻̸֮ġ
Ͳţۻֺ޸ݵĴţ
ˣҲ¡
ҥ˭զġ
ʱƽ쳣س˽үˣ
-

147 Żؾ

ǵģŻˡ
ƽõϢʱʵûнǣֻȸϻ߼Ϣ
ű·ϡ
Ҳû̫Զ
ΪƼһ·ϣ᲻·ϵ̫á
Ҫһĸв׼ҹ̸·ϻˡ
ƽսϢʱʵѾ˳һ弡
ͨǵıؾ֮·￪һ弣Ϊ˹Ӧˮġ
ʵϣ⴦張ϰҲһ㣬ʵġ
濴ֻһͨĲ弡
ʵϣһݵ㡣
Ϊ뾩Ǽͨǵıؾ֮·ϡ
Ҫ˴ﾭ˿϶ᷢ֡
һʲô֮ˣҲ׼
͵͵ץʣǸȥѰҶԷ֮Ŀġ
֮⴦ȻʮּªȴǸͨĵط
弲ֻƣ̽
һ֣ƾϳɫ˲ͱˡ
ɵǣﻹһЪš
Ǹ·ЩܲˣֻڲЪЪţȵůůӣټ·
ŹƼǲͣģľƶˣˮҲˡ
û˾ˮůź·ĺҲܲˡ
ųŵסҲŲס
ֻڲͣ
λؾʮˡ
ʮͷʵֻʮˣʣµĶ֮ǰȥķµľ
˷˾Ѿط
Ƿ²СѾʺϼھӪǲԭҲûʲôıֶΡ
ſһֽɴǴ˾ǣӡ
һ˷糾ִͣŵɱ֮һͲǡ
Ъŵǰ˿󣬶Щɵ
ֻǸûãûϢãЩ᲻뿪
طѾǾǵؽ磬ҲŵʲôǿŲ
ǴģʶţֻóǸϰ֮ˣƲ²佫
Ŵһۣûܿλ£óװƵľңûȥ
Ļ֪̽ŵݣҵ
ؽ˾ȥװƣڵͰӣǵӡ
ҲŰӾͿʼԡ
ʱԱЪŵǰ˿弻̬飬²ǵû⣬İķ
ȻͿʼ
ʵص̼֣ǣǳ³רר˾ġ
ȻǵѾר˾ķֲͻȻ䲼רʵ̫ˡ
ֻҪרڼǮ
ĺ£ţ
˺˺ģԵǿ
ģԺҲܷĵƴһƴǰš
·ϣûٴרר˾Ǵ˲顣
۵ʱ򣬾
һᣬᵽս
ۡ͢Ǧʺͻӡˢú¯
Щֶսйء
Ȼۡûսûв͸ǽЩʹˡ
ǣڳӵţĶԻ
˵λչôôȻǦʺͻӡˢó
ʲô˼ҿĹԺҪ޸µģܸͨһ𣿡
˵˶Ժüѣ»Ȣ𣿡
ǰʱһ⣬˭֪ͻȻجģ
˲ɫ͵ʧԭأٴγֵʱѾץסӵ½󣬽ɷʵո˵ʲôչﱻ˶Ժüѣ
張ĻƿһĻʱҪ¡
ɫһ䣬Ͻ˻ȥ˰Ϣؾǡ
⣬žȻ֪չﱻ¶£
Ƣưոݣ
Ҫˣ
ｹѣȴҳȥš
ֹؼʱɲܳȥ
ץסӾͲˣץ½ֻúѡһѿɫµҪ
ģ˵˭
ôô£
һԵĸҲɵˣϽ
Щ֣ҲߣͣظҾģˡ
Ȯֻǵ;˵ʲôҲ֪Ҫ־͹ֲɣǲ޷Ȯһ
Ųõصһۣһѽڵϣҧгݵʵ˵չﱻ¶ô£Ƕ˵ʲôˣ
һۣ˿ϽԼЩ˵˳
-

148 

֮ǰȷ׼˲Ϣ
ǾЩ˲ǵģر
Ǧʺͻӡˢйأʱʹ˲ٹϢ
սˮ
ٱ磬ս¶üѡ
н÷磬սɺ˵ɺ˳񣬲źóˮ
ЩϢȫˡ
һţܿȫ˵˳
Խ࣬ɫԽѿ
˲ϳˣǿ񱼶ȥ
ǿһĻҵ
æҪ׷Ŷȥ
Ψǰľһ±ƣЩӦ
ԣ·ȥ׷үһ
˵꣬һ±Ƶľǣߡ
ǶԸսսӣֲߡ
ȥĶأ
ȥǣһղɱô죿
ԴУ
Ǹô죿
ѵҪȥ
ǿǺòײһˣ
˾ᣬ뵽ǿµı飬־ĲҪ¡
˺ðΣӾлعĶӲСʵ˵ոλǸʲôģ
׿յüͷһͻȻȻ򣬼˵֪˭ˣ
һ̺ʣ˭
ȴͻȻҰµøˣ϶ˣҪ´ˣ
˵λɱ˲գۣĵ֪˵ԴֱǸħͷ
˭ãȻһλŮⲻϵŵé
뵽ϽԶ˵⾩ǲȥˣϻؼң
ȴЩ⣺Ϊʲôѽ
ˣͱΪʲôˣ۲ȥˣϻȥ
ǡ۶ǵؽˣٸһ·ܽˣڻȥǲǰ𣿡
ôˣҲȶǿڲߣ

һ·ɱӶǱŮ
뵽ղЩȫսҰСڴϵӡ
뵽ŮȻ۸ôңžҪɱ˵ĳ嶯
һز񱼣׷ں棬Ȱ侲ȴôҲ侲ֻ޲̳ǣ۸սĳɺ
ɱһڿ˳š
ſʿţȴûֱӲɱ˽ȥʿһࡣ
һĨŭˣܵץס˵Ҫεš
ȴԱһסӶûܰγ
ʱҸʲô
˺ݺݵһۣ㲻Ҫˣ֪ղ˭ȻҸε
Сһ±ƣ˭ôţ
סһЦոλܲղҪȥŲֱ㣿
Сʱ²ѣȴɣûҪң±¹𣿡
˭֪⻰һЦøˣҲʲôݣѵ»ΪһСŮδ
ôϻ϶ǳ˴¡ȥҪǵ˾飬㵣𣿡
С⻰ˡ
СؿȥķֵͷԼ䵶ͻȻԼסˣûüѵγ
Ȼʲô³
ȴ֪Сһǣ¼Ҷȥ
һ·񱼺˳¼Ҵſڡ

ų¼ɵĴţ͵סһȥ
һȫԭʮֽʵĺľţ˲ͱ˿˵ϡ
ŵͷŷˡ
㿴ŲŴ߽ûվ
Ųڴϣмؿڽﲻҳŷ͵һѴŲȳƬ
ȹܼϢҴҸʱռҵĴѾȫˡ
ĹܼҾֵؿţɫ˵ҼүǹӼƣ£δ̫Ͳ±½𣿡
̫ҧһЦǳӲڣ۸ӹŮ˵̫
˵͵ذγһ̣Ӹջ˵ĹӹŮƽˮأأ
õһնֳִһ̣п˵ϵש
ܼҿһĻŵûɢ
ŵ˵Ҳ˵ᣬĹǰûˮڶԲڴĹҪ𣿡
ӾҪΣ㺦ӹŮѵ𣿡
һ𵶣㲻ѵȥ룿
-

149 ޳

һŵùܼ˫ȷ͹ȥ
˵ŵĺպȴδŴ
ȻµŲǣȴӲ֪žȻô£
һɹ͸ʱҪһ
ܼҾֲѣԽȥ˵ʱ˶£䡭ϢϢϢϢŭġĹá
˵ĹȷʵزȻ򵥵һ仰ӲǱŵ˵
ķмЦʱ䣿Ƣ̫ˣŻǾãӿŪȻ㲻ȥĹȥ
Ȼô˵ȴֻ˵ûﴳ
Ťͷһȥ
¼ҵĹܼȴѾŻˣûзŵ״
ŵڵأҪվȴ˺ð춼û
ŵֲ̫һɱ˲գ۵
ܼұϱȻɱһĹͷˣﻹվ
ʱһżҶҴҵظ˳
ҶŹ֮ȻһǾͷһмؿǡ
ǵһһιȥŵüҶǱܵض
Ҳ˵ŵȴ֪˾Ȼ˿ֲ
ŵһɨǾԼʱĸо
һʧض¶˾Ҫһ
Ϊ׵Ŀ꿴źҲŵûӲˣ񶼱ýֱ·ʩ˶һ㡣
ɵǣ겻Ǳˣǵﱻƽͷĳ¾
սս۸ͷ
ƽͷ˵սƿԡ
ϳ¼鷳š
ҲǸ춯ˡ
¾ŵô˺ðΣֱص͵ػع
¾Ըһʣүڳ¼ʦ治±½𣿡
˵ʱɵؿĵ֪¼˼Ҳſģֻѹˣʱȡ
Ǿǣӽ£
žҲΪ
ȻŲĻֻǲмʵĹأ
Ҫ̫þдҲչȶֻ֣ΪԱչ˭֪ͻȻˮ
ºѾ˴ڼҡȴģ⽫Ҳƽˮһ
ñͽǴˮ˾ţ壬Դڶûܺ
ǳ¼һδָȻŶ룬óҳ¼ˣҪ𣿡
ԣЩ⡣
˵սˮֱ¶ͼҴҸ˹
治֪ȻҲƽ˽ˮأһ
⣬Ϊ˳¾һ֮ʣˡ
мߵ˵ƽˮ˭֤˭֪ǲˮ
ģ˭֪ǲǹģȻǸˣҲ֪ʲôǿƣǰˣӣ˵㣡
˶ˣ¼ҵɫԵܺ۸
¾ȴû뵽ѻ˵ݶˣžȻֱ׳صߵڰף
һûֱιȥ
ŵؿţһ˫۾Բˣ㡭㡭޳ܣѪˣ
˺һŽ˵Դˮ󲡲ֲʲôܣүǲţԳȥ
ҳ¼ҺôҲŵڣŮӽֲʲôݽ档òضգҲδתʲôƣ
ô˵Ļȷˮòᡣ
Щ棬ѵǱˮģ
˭ɵģ
ѵǡ
תͻȻԼҶӾԸɵó۾
ɹ黳ɣǾԲܳϵġ
Ц˵ǿƾͲǿˣ˿ƣѵɵóϣ
Ҫӿľǹˮƣ˭֪̫ûãܡ
⻰ɰѳ¾ˣǺŵĿ־嶼ˣſھͷ˵˵Ѫˣûëôܹˮ
϶
ˮﻹűأ
׳ʵȥܲˣοǸŮӣ
˭ôпӣѡʱˮƣ
̫޳ˣȻֵߵڰ׵Ļ˵ó
¾ŭصţ˫ۼ
ſͻȻһߣ¼СӣǲΪӲҶ㣿
-

150 ŵı

¾ǸѪûŵĶ֣
һߣ¾ŵô˸£ɫҰˡ
֪Լ
Ѿ²˴游͸ֶڼҡ
ҪˣѵҪŴȥҳ
¾ֻùǰͱˣ治±½𣿡
ҲֻŻţϣܹŸˡ
Ͳţŵڳ¼Ҷ֣
¾ؽңȴ֪Ҫó¼Ҳù
˵꣬žٴЦȻ˵ԲڴǾˣ
¾Դ󾪣ɵؿţʲô˼
ʲô˼ǸˣЩֻ֪ۻۣӹŮˮӾ԰ȥϴϴ
˵꣬һ¾ߡ
һߣһ˫ȷĿܼңĶ
ܼҵĵؿų¾ŵѳ¾ӽˮ˵
ż˵ߵ㲻˵ӾԼȥң
˵ﴳ
ɰѹܼҺͳ¾Żˡ
ѳ¾ӽˮأŮסĵطȥ
¼ҲǺܴ󣬱ҪԶ
Ͼνľ硣
Աٺ»ֲ࣬ܶԱӶú׾ݣסҲͰ͵ġ
¼һǿסôԺӡ
ȴʹģȻҪȳ¼Ҵöࡣ
ҲΪ¼Ҳ󣬸ͲŹġ
û߼ͰѹܼҺͳ¾ˡ
ŵߵŮסĵطȥ¾ֻ˵ˮصλá
һȥˮأȻһְȥ
䣬ˮ˱һ
һ֣¾Ʊ棬顱һˮ

ղҽһ͹˴ĳˮ
ˮǺǻͷֱ࣬£ﻹеó
ܼŵøŲҽһȥˣȴŵ
վˮرߣ˲Ķ
¼ҵСӣӼţԺܺӣ´ٸ۸ӹŮӿɲŹ
ݻŴת뿪ŹܼҾˡ
ܼҼˣϽкżҶˮˡ
ˮ̫䣬ҶһŰѳ¾˰
¾ʱѾһӵˮž͸׵иƵġ
ôһСĹ򣬳¾˶ˣֱ㶵ģȻŵòᡣ
ܼһ߰Ŷӣˮųһ߾ŵȥ̫ҽˮ
ûãϢŮǷ׷׸˹øӻҡ
Ϸ˿ų¾׵Сۻˣһ˵̫Ҫȥ״ʷš
һߣŴӳ¼뿪ȴûмŻؼң߽ȥ
ֱȥҡ
ңɺdͬڼֻڼ飬׼ƾ١
֪Ŵ˽æ˹ȥ
ûͬӽˮȻҡڵ˳ȥ
ɺϾŮӣȻҪսͷɵײֱӶŮӳ֡
Գ¾͵˴ù
˶ֿܹࣿ
ˮһݣǵôһ
Ҳ֪᲻ᵢ˽Ŀƾ١
Ѿ֪ȥ¼ҺµϢ
Եȥʱ۵ɫģɫ
ȴֱܹͦͦһҲԼģһ۴õģ
ùǺ
ûصźһ뵽ŵĹǦʸˮ࣬׻û˻
ȷʵ̫嶯ЩֱǸǰʷͰѱ
øһѵС
۹һһӣſʵ˵ɣǸô£ˣ֪˭ָʹ𣿡
ʵ˵ر£ǧڲ飬ϸڣǧʱ˵ˣҲ֪ǧûµķ֡
һɫԽѿ
ںȴΪţΪЩˡ
ԷѫȨգ
˴ŵ⣬Ϊ
ˣʲô
Ÿվ⣬ص˾ͱ˿ڣɼ߻һеĺƲ磡
ǣԷĿ굽ţʵۣ
εĻ֣ǰ壿
£ȥ¼Һ鷳Сһ׮
ֻ˳¾ˮûѾͷɼзִġ
صˡ
ôһ룬ŵʱ˲١
˻֣󷢴ȱطŹţȻؼҴš
һ̵ػȥˡ
ܹŮˣ
-

151 ɵ

ŵս
Դ˵Żˣͼشһ
˭֪ûȵţȵȥ¼鷳Ϣ
ִϢ˵뿪¼Һȥ鷳
Ķ
˵Žһֱڽţۻή
һ˴ţɴս
սžðЩ
ֻҵȣŶûٴν
սůС֣̲ס߶̫嶯ˣջȥ¼Һ鷳ⲻ˿ʵ𣿡
֪ŵë֮ǰûҸ
ų嶯֮´ǵñ½
˭֪Ż֪ˡ
ֱܵ¼Ҹȥˣ
Ϣ󣬼Ⱦý̲סģֻսûôš
ģ¼Һֲʲôǲ˼ңҪţ϶зִġ
˵⻰ս̲סЦˡ
ɲţһʱ嶯Űѳ¾ˮ
밡ǳεĿƾȥġ
˶ӽˮ㲻һҲøȾ纮
ƾֻʣһµʱ䣬Ҫòಡ齣ʱܲܽ˵
ǿȥˣҲֲ
־ǿ󣬼ֵ󣬶ҲӲá
ʱ˵οɾͲˡ
Ҫɽã󿼸ͬʿǲŵùء
ͬʿˡ
ܼ̲οֱɽҡ
սţܹܻǴֻɱ˵ç
軵ء
ѳ¾ˮȱ˳
û֣ǰʷǾ㵯ҪץСӣҲΪС¾طѵһ٣ʹĴ
¼ҺҾֻܴݻѪˡ
ֻҪοƾٷʧҪٿ͵ٵꡣ
ʱ䣬Ըıܶˡ
ֻˮһͱҪã˵ܿܺ
ʱŵǰ׷ˣ
ҪҪæأ
绹磬ȴ֪սѾ⡣
ֵһ˵Żˡ
һסˣӭȥ²ׯЦ
ովߵԺſڣžʹ󲽳˹
翴ĺ磬ҲͲסس˹ȥ
ֻǵ˵棬û˼ֱ˽ŻֻǼסŵ֣ؿЩɣֿЦ˵үˡ
ˣҲˡ۵ؿ磬̾˿Щˡ
࣬үˡϧﲻүæֻڼ
˵ʲôڼҷĸףŮչ˼Ĺ͡
˵ĿͻȻһɨںս
սվɫһ䣬Ͻս˹ȥôվͷͷ䰡岻óʲôô죿
սЩ±Ƶգգۣ
岻ã
ŵôģ
ɫöˣ
üͷ࣬սЩš
ԥһ£̽źһ
СΪǱɺ۸õӶСˣۻˡ
ε˵Ѿѵ¼ҺռҵˡֻǳɺϾǹңֱӶǶֻ֣ʰСӣ̫ûˣ
ս⻰̲סЦˡ
һμţ±СЩ
׽
˭֪˵һ֣ˡ
εģս浣ٴȥ¼ҸңѳɺҲˮ
Ͻ˵ˣŲûأҲ˵ˣɺǹңǴӢۣΪǻһӢ
Ե㲻𣬷ѾѵˡҪٸ۸ңҾֱӶ֣ǻҲҷ
ſ˵üɫ裬ţ֪Ǹǰһûбɺŵ
ֻ뵽ˮһֱ˶ŻǾ۵òС
ŵؿսǵʵ˵㱻˶ô£
սɿ룬ò߽ݣǲѾߺ˵װж¡
˾еɵ
𾪵ؿս·ʶ㡭ո˵ûжǼװģ
⵨Ҳ̫ˣ
ؼǣô̫ҽģ
ô֪ԼұŮȻı£
Ƭ̣Ų̫ĵʣȷûж
ս˵ͷǸᣬ˵ѧҽѾСˡ
-

152 ˵

ŻԼˡ
ѧҽʲôģԼұŮСʹҲŰ
̫ˡ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿսἫˡ
սѹͲԲΪԼѧò
Ͼû˽ѧòãԼҲ֪ѽ
ֻ뵽ŮѧҽĴģ
תܿ˾
ţҾ֪ҼұСʹԿһȻСʣ˵˵㶼ѧЩʲô
ս̧°ͣ˵Ѿֱҩˣһѧģ
һ⻰һ˲㻹ѧģôѧģɲ
ҲûսüͷѾƽǼԹˣƽǶ˵оܲء
ԣ̾ȻҸ͵͵ƽǼ顣
˵ū澣ɱϾսѾߡ
ҪǶ飬ȥʵǲ
㲻ǲҵҽɣսװѧÿɺˣ̫ҽԺ̫ҽƭ˹ȥҪѧҽҲܳ⡣
⻰ɫ̱ѿҲѡ
ڲ˵ս¶󣬾һֱ塣
սȻûж
ܹӹһ٣ȻѧҽԵʣ
űսȥ
⻰ͻȻսѧ˲ٶҲѧҽˡ
Ҫʱ⣬Ѿжˣ
뵽ŵɫøѿ
ŵؿսɫ󣬿廹ӣ˿
úѧҽ֧㣡ȻϲҽһҸʦԽ㣡
սȴҪʲôʦ
Цʱ䰴Ͱѧϰҽ
Ҫ˸ʦѲҪ˷ʱѧҽ
ҪҸʦԷҽ϶ܲ
һԱ߶ţ̫ױ¶ˡ
սʵ˭ʦ
űסˣһ˵ȻѧҽȻҪҸõʦ
սʣұϾǹңܲܰݸΪʦɣ
¿ɰŸסˡ
Ŷұǹң
ҪʦҲðݸŮʦС
ǡû˵Ůҽ
Ǻأ
սסˣ̲ס͵ЦȻ˵һѧɣȵʲôʱҵŮҽٰʦ
룬ò̫ģ˵ҪɣҸҽŮƽʱʲôľҲʦ㿴ô
սŮôһΪʦ
ܵúúС
ʦԵԺ˵
ȻҪѧҽǵҸ˽Уܲ
սܵҪܾɲͷиš
תһ룬Ҫȫûָ㣬Ժ¶߳ҽĻȷʵ̫Щ
Ͱ˵ģҸҽŮ
ƽʱвľʡ
սͬˡ
ſͷȲȥҺʵҽŮ
սû뵽ȻǸжɣҲûܾ˵˻̸뿪ˡ
Ÿ޷ôãڼˣ϶лҪ˵
ŲҪء
һߣźȻŵÿЩ
ģҲʲô̫ܵ顣
ֻһ˵˻
˼ս¡Ѿȥ˳¼Һҵ鷳û
ʲôʹʲô
һһʱ䲻֪͹ȥˡ
˵սˮһʱòȥ¼ҿˣס
ս£ﲻʹ죬ϽսճǦʵ˵˳
һһ㶵ģֱˡ
˵˼ճǦʺú¯ӣ
ص˵ͷ˵ֹأˮʹשѽˣ˳ˮͰԡףɺˣ
ɵؿ
֪ۡ͢Ǧʺú¯ӡ
ˮʲô
שʲôѵǴճש飿Ҳ̫ݳ˰ɣ
Ͱԡ׵Ǻ⣬ˮͰʲô
ͻȻùֵֹģ뿪Ҳͼµʱ䣬ôһŮͱôˣ
ϲˣӵĹŮ
ŮǱ˵˰ɣ
̲ס磺ǰϲˣôͻȻˣǦʣôģ
üһص·˲һͷĸʲô˼ôѵҲŮֻˣӣ俪𣿡
ţ
-

153 Ԥı˻

űġеɵۡ
ܵرҵȻ˼ҡⲻ̫ҹŮȻῪˣ
粻мط˸ۣѣʲô˲ѵۼұû𣿡
ţ
˵˵
ˡ
˲ˣǣۼұˣǷ˵Ĺͣлˣ˸ѩıŮ
Ͻת⣺˸ҺúýˮͰˮʲô
ˮͰǺöһ¾ܳˮѾר֣ԺҪøۼұӣ
üɫظҫˣˮҲǺö
ž͸ƵģǼˮͿǽ֮ӲøʯͷƵġ
дשǽϺ͵ϣֺÿֺҲ֪ôġ
˵ôĴôûשأ
ȴˮȤʣ˵ˮ࣬ŵǺöۡƺûС
ûоͶˣˮ¶أѹˡ
Ƶ̾˿̲סűԹ˵ԺҤͲˮˣɱµ˸
ۼұأҿ汦ίͦ
Ȼûʶˮ࣬һ˵ӣ֪ˮ϶ǺöҸϵش
Ȼ۾̰ģҲ̰δϱĶ
˲²⣬Ͻ磺ʥίۼұģֻǧ˵ˣ˵ȥ
ͷİɣôͿҲǰ˵䡣
ȻҪЩȴ˱ʹͣʺҲ˲ޡ
׺챦ʯͷرӺݻ󣬱˵ͻСסȥТϷˡ
ЩޣҲóТҺλã֪Լ
ǵģǴˣҲ֪磬ҸʲôѽҶˣõЩ
ԹȴȫЦɼ˻ˣԲء
ֱˮսТô࣬ľȻʲôûУ
ߣģ
翴һЦȥϷ밲
һϷˣͿϷͷϴŵĺ챦ʯͷ档
һֱУŮ˵οûʲô˽⡣
֮󣬾;ȷʵǸӺݣĵϷ˸ÿ
Ϸ˺üûпţǹҡ
ڿˣ㲻סشţʲôá
ʵʵϷ˵ͦõĻʱ䲻֪͵硣
Žöе
ʷûС
ûڣսʹʳˡ
ʳͦģƽһһҲۡ
ûٱսģˣȻҲ˲١
Ӽ򵥣ȻûԼսԵʣΪǳԷԶˣȻʹˡ
ѾҲûս롣
ǶΪսģƽûͦΪ˵ġ
ſʳУˮ͵͵
֮ǰյŵʱ򣬾ͱÿˮֱԳԵˣ
ʳд򿪺󣬶ʱ˱ǡ
ʶһۣʳﲻԵĿѼͿȫ򣬾Ȼһ趹㣡
һЩˣųԹͲǺˡ
е棬⿾Ѽȫʲôʱģ
ôûŵζ
һʲ֪ѼͿȫ򶼲Ǽģȥûġ
Ҫǰƣʱ
Ψ趹ģһսµĳ
֮Ǿͦźģ˵ս³ָϽָ֣Ūˡ
ֱս˫ָˣŰġ
ºȳľ趹㣬һԾɵˣ
ζ̫ˣ
йɷǳرζ
ſŷɫ̲סʣӵľ
ϲģ趹ǳθڡ
սؽͣûӵľֻҪ֣Բ㡣
ĬĬʿˮ
⻹㣿
˻޵ģ
뵽ͻȻصԺС
Ů趹ζ̫ˣϧ³Բ
Իã˸ùŮ
ŵһͻȻһ£
ŮѾ۴ͻԺ۵Ķϱ
޵ŮǺٻҵģȻ˵л
Ժս͸ûˣ
뵽׻˲ʯˡ
°ͣʼ˼֪Ů˶Ժüѡ
Ҫȥ·ϳ£ӦûӦɣ
ɶΪǣ
Ӧûлɣ
ռò͵磡
-

154 ŵĴ

ŲˣͻȻ˸硣
ѳһ
͵̧ͷĵؿų̣磬û°ɣ
ĬĬ۾
Ҳ֪ô£ͻȻֺܲõԤС
û¡
תת飬ͻȻ˵磬㶼˵ûŸջڵȥ¼ҸңҵСˮˡ
˵ͻȻЦų̼üŪۣ磬㶼ء£ǰĹٸüˡҪҿǰʷѾдˡ
̲õغһȷʵŵġ
⵶ѳӽˮأȴûԶ˶֡
ΪˣǱźС
Ǹ¾˵ѧܲο϶ҪμӴǵġ
ĲѧӦܹнʿ
ξͲ˵ˡ
нʿ󣬾
ȵľʱ
ֻҪڣⱲӶͷ
ŲҲûôȨ
ֻǰ֣Ȱ˸ˡ
̰ҡͷ˿֮ٶ֡
ڡ
ˣųɡ
²ʣ磬˵ǰʷҪǵˣʻô
ûƳһۣ֪ſǡ
ʻδã
˾ͽȥˣǵ紦ˡ
СӶѣûҪǵ
ѵΪС£
ʵٴλã֮ʣôܻǰĹٵԸԶϱ۰
ΪС±ţֻ룿
Ͳųѿ
ˣ֪֪ʣǸô
ôһ룬ͻȻ;Щ
Ͻԣ˵
ˣȥ
һ㾯ĶûУ֪Σվǰ
һڿ⣬̵˵ռǾˣһ㶼࣬ʳǺóԶˣ
Ҳ֪ǴģûжġԹҿɲٳǿʳǡ
˵ͻȻ̧ͷ˳һۣ磬ҿǿϣûҪҪʣ˶ķһ
ɫһЩõ˵ҼǵãɩҪһЩȥ֣ѵ֪
⻰ɫ͵һ䣬Щ𾪵ؿ
̿⸱̲࣬ס˸ۣʲôӦѵһ㶼֪
ûϢ
ɵգգۣҾǾ֣֮ǰǻ˵չﻹûţܽɩ𣿡
ôĿˣ
̵ɫ˲ˣ
ĬĬսȭͷôܵܿǲˡ

ԤϵģʷһĦȭƣܿ˵ӡ
һʼûᡣ
ֱ󣬵Ӷѵϸߣʷֱ糯鵯ҹžͲ
ǼƣȻҪˡ
£۾װ֪Ҳˡ
ӸµɨȺһۣţţʷĿ޷ͣʲôҪ˵𣿡
ʱ䶼Ѿȥ죬ôܺ׼
վ˳ߵ˵£лҪ˵ȷʵȥ¼ҺңǾûвֻǳֽѵСӡ
ǰЩһֱ˵࣬ǳġֻԼû޷Ϊ·ǡ
ǳû뵽еȴŮ񣬴֮ͥ£ҽŮƽˮأ
Ůܴ˴һһûˣ
ô£ȴҸ߳³ġ
óû뵽ǣСŮոӹһ٣Ȼ˸¶
ʵ벻ףСŮͻ׵˶ˣΪ˺ݶضСŮ¶֣
ڳ֮ǰ˴ĻǵҪı
֮ǰһֱ벻׾˭ڱƣ˵СŮϢŻȻ
˿λӣСŮıСŮ
ºĳ࣬ǣıҪ֮죡
Գһʱ嶯ȥ˳¼ƸϡСŮָɳ¼С˵Ѿˮ
ĸһСƽϣŽ¼СӶˮܹ
ʷ˵Ŀ޷ͣǵߵڰף
ȻСˮȴδŲ˾ȣǲˮһ¾ͱʲô
ǳ¼ҹҹСŮˮǲ
СŮǸңѵҵСӻһ
ǵӹδ̫ЩŮӶ磡
˵͵عڵϣ£֪дģֻСŮһ
Ϊͻ飬Ǳˮ¶ѾȫµЦ
һŮ󸻴ֻϣܹһƽƽ
̲µ˵ʲôɫ˲ˡ
-

155 ʮ

һϽվ˳ŵĻʣãȭȭŮ֮ģʵпԭ
ֻСʹ룬δ֣ʵڵϲĸ֡ԣϣܹһ档
˵䣬ܹоĴߡ
ûͷҲŴʱɫ
϶ѿˡ
Ų鲻˻ǲ˻ġ
ò˼δޣôܹ˻飿
뵽ս̲ס˴ǡ
ţ

ܳʲô֣
ԣСӸòĿŮ˰ɣ
ԽԽô£
ϾҹŮôã˭᲻ϲأ
̿ɾͲôˡ
ðƲ죬ԥҪҪٽ
̫ѵˣҪǴǰᣬ˻ɾˡ
Ųô
ҧҧ˵£лҪ˵
˲ɫЩõػعͷš
ϣѳ̵СԵ⡣
ߣСҲн죡
֮ǰôģ֪ˣ
Ҳϱ˭ġ
ӵ۹ܲ
۹˵հ䣬˵
ƺˡ
һ⻰ͼˣ̲סһۣЩԹ㵽ʲô˼ô˵أ˻飡
۾ӸµؿЦһ⣺㼱ʲôˣ޲ͬΣôС£ưģûϢ
̣
ſɲǸ֮ʲô棬۵׼ͼʼ˱ݣ֪ǰСŮĵһֱܴ
ԴСŮˮ˾ţ񿴼ˮͺ£Ŷҳ˾Ǿ֮񣬳ʵû취ġ
óĵǣСŮȻҪѧҽ˲ҽ飬͵͵ϰ
Դж֮ƺѧҽˣҽ鿴龫ǣշתգǾãСŮѾ䲻¡
ԳջسĪҪСŮµ¡Ӣ䲻·ˣӦ
ȻӦòӦȥˡ
ţԴǵ˵˵ˣΪжˣʲôӣǱδŵӣ
˵תͷһۡ
۾ٽ
ȴٸڵĻ᣺ɷģȻô˵ˣͲʳԣѧҽϰģڱʲô£ʵڲġ
ţ
˭ˣ
Ӿ˻飡
ϧûüڣ۾ͷˡ˽˵˵ûհɷģΪ޾ְأǲŮԿġ
ǸҶãһǸŮŮѧҽҲûϵղ˲ҽ±˳¼˸ȥ
⻰̾˿ʧѡ
ȻѾ˻˵ʲô
Ͼǳӡ
۲Ϸϳͻ飬ӵıֻܴ
ʧȴ͵͵˿Щؿһۡ
ͷ
۰һпͻȻЩ顣
Ҳ֪Լ
Ͼͦ˵ģп޵
սͻѲϣȫǱСӸ۵ġ
Ҫţ޲ðѳ̸ˡ
ˣȻ͸һЩʹͰɣܲܺ˳ӵġ
ôţ˶ŵĴ
˵ţǰǿ¼Һң¾ӽˮأȻпԭȴܹϢԷнٺȥҪʡ𣿡
ʵʵؿͷϴּл¡
ĴֱҪ̫ᣬɫ˲ͱˡ
ǳʿ˵ɫѿˡ
ǶɵῴҪţ
Ȼ˶һۣ˭Ҳվ
۰ҪӣҪǼվײ۵ǹϣ
οȷʵֻǰˮ濴ָء
ǾҪҲҲʵɡ
ʿֻ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ûۻǲϷŹǣ
Ÿսּ۾ͽ˵°䣬찮䣬˿ʲô飿
ʿһ⻰ٴζһۣϽվ˵Լû顣
˭֪Ǹ˵꣬۾ͽ˵հȻдɾԭȴǶ˽Ů޷µĻҲǷٺ꣬ʾͽ䡣Ƕ˿в
ʿ񣺡
˿û뵽۰žͰˣȻҪʮ壡
ǵĶӶӽˮˣھȻҪһٺ꣡
Ҳ̫ƫˣ
-

156 ĳ

ʿǳ
۰̻ţ
ֲվԣֻܱ˵ԼûҪߵлʶ
Ϊˣ˭֪۽˵հ䣬ղ˵ΪŮҪı㣬֤ݣ
⻰һź֪طӦŸոջɳӰذʾԤı
Ѫˣ
Ȼ˶һۣ˭ҲվС
ֻܽŵؿţĬĬ缦
ŵȻò֤ݡ
ʵ֪˵˭ֻǸպöԳ¼ҺҶ֣Ծ˳°ͷϡ
˵Ƿǳˡ
ôʱѹͲ뵽һСľˣ
ǰŻǺʵġ
ر£֤ݣֻǳãʱδ̫ɣŻд˻ɡ
˵ʿɨһֽۣ˵ɣıǳ´˺ˡ
⻰һʿ˲ˡ
˶һۣܿ쿪ʼԩ
£ԩ
£ԩ
ʿ˵ںѪˣ
ݣ£Ҷ췢ģûı
˵꣬žسûֲҲû
⻰ǹѣ
ǵڳٹǶſ˹
Щˡ
Ҫ֤ݾͰˣû֤ݣⲻǺ
ҪԺҶôɣӻˣ
ŭصһۣͻȻ˵ĳҶ췢ģĳһģĳ׺䣬ú
⻰һöˡ
Ҳû뵽Ȼ˶ģ
̫ˣƫţʱҲȥˡ
ѵհȻû֤ݣҪᡣ
䣬ʷǱ׷վ˳š
Ųõüͷ뵽ոշĶģֻա
Ҳû뵽Ȼҷġ
ͬؿһۣΧزˣųѵЩһ
ȻЩ˻ûзӦʹţ˳
ʷǷӳҪԣˡ
ֻ½ìͷ׼ţֻǻûüڣ˾Űȭͷáǡ졣
һ˲䰲缦
ֻؿŴҡڵ뿪
˸ˣ
ΪǸɴΧס˳ʿ񣬴ӵһ߳ȥﲻͣŵС
˭֪߳ûá
ž
һ˲ͷϡ
ΧΪý˲
ԶЩĵûŵƨ
֪˭һģ˱ˣ
һ󺰣ʮָ߿ߵ۶ˡ
͵Ťͷ𾪵ؿķ򣬺ð춼ز
Ȼˣ
ļٵģ
ѵΪ֮ǰĶģ
̾ȥ֣
汻ˣ͸úúòˣ
շ˶ľͱô̫ˡ
̷Ըȥ
һߣ̫ӣ̺ͳֵܶڿ
к͵ˡ
ڣҲ֪û
ΧߵЩҲˣֻûء
ȫԶֱˡ
֮⣬صľǳʿ
ұ߸첲ӶѾû֪ˣ໽л
ԶԶվţ˶±Ƶġ
Ȼ汻ˣ
ѵҵڱ
Ǻߵѽѵɶˣ
ŵ鸴Ӽˡ
Ȼ֮ǰΧЩӣ
Ǻˣû·ʲôİ
ںˣıˡ
ǣ
̫ԩˣ
²ؿ֣ڵʱ̲סЩ¡
ų˵磬㿴ıˣǱ˰ɣ
üͷЩء
Ҳû뵽Ļᱻ
ɺϣΪǸģ
ѲɡƵ˻ĸйأ
ĵδҲ̫ˣ
̫վһԣų˵ȴﲻģ̲סѵܣӲ񣬻ֻɺϡ
ѲˣɺʲôѽҪҿ϶ɵġϧ񣬵죬㷢ʲôġںˣⱨӦ˰ɣǻá
˵̲סԳ˵ⶾĲ㷢㿴񣬶ɺ̿ˡ
Ҫ˵Ϳ۹ˡ
Ͻ죬˹ȥʣղűУĿǰ֪
̲ס˹ȥԵ룺Ȼıˣ
-

157 ʲôʲô

ŵڵ²ʡȥû
Ȼˣ˻š
ʵǱģŸ̿Ƶġ
˵ûȥ̫ҽ
ԥһ£û˰ᵽȥ
񷢵ĶĿ׺䣬ú
һ£һأ
ҪǰᵽȥѷӸ˿ô죿
ʱϢȥЩģ˵Ϊʵʲôã쾯أ
ۼ񱳹
ţղŰףֵͦģƲ˶ˡ
ҪǲϢȥͷǰտ϶ΪԵʡ
̸ĸϢɢȥ
ҵܿ찲ȥ
ûã̫ҽ͸˹
·Ͼ˵񷢶ģ׸ˣԵͬʱ̲סġ
ΪĶ׺䣬ú
ײŽһ˭Ҳ֪ʣµĵ᲻ͻȻ
һǸʱͻȻףԩˣ
̫ҽǵԺ󣬶һѷȥ顣
ڳеĹԱ̫ҽǱһɢ˲ˣֻʣһӦȽʵˣɵ㶵վԭء
ºˣûзģֻǱ۲ŰĹԱ̫ҽˣûѡ
ֻĵߵߣɿ顣
֣ϵ·Ѿ˽̿ƤҲˡ
Ҳ̫ãܻܿˣڳѪ
ڻûб⣬Ҫ֪֮
һɴԺdȥ
ϾʱܰڸûԸ⿿
ҲΪԼĸɴɽ󶪸d
dϢʱ˶һ
˰͵͵ģû
ʵûôģΪɺϾŮӣ˵ĻdǺš
ֻǾÿԣ˽԰ȥ
˭֪°µ˾һȺȻ˸ȥţ
ʲôˣ
ܿһ
󲻽ûгɹݾߣִˡ
Ϊ£dû˯á
ȷһ飬鵽ͷϣ˿
뵽žȻɵͷϣ
ֱ糯˵˳
û뵽ǣȻƵ÷˶ģ
ľͰˣȻı׸ˣ
ʵǡ
dм֣òѪ
˵طȥۣ˸˳˸죬Ŵ׼ؼҡ
۸һӣȥ
η֪£̧ӵʱԶ±ˡ
dһơ
ȴǸŭԡ
ھǸССĺԺޣѹûʲôλڹ
뿪ʱd̲סһۡ
žȻ쳣ŸոտȥžͲˣس˹
ϵʱ͸Ƶģѹɽ
dװųޣɻǱŵŵңϽջĿⲻҼӡ
Ȼ󼱼ææش˹
dŸϻؼңȴû뵽յ˹ûãͻȻ˺һСģǸڽ
⻰һϵ˲ٴУ·Ǻˮһ㡣
ۿŸһԶٴеǣdþѪ
Ͻ˵ұţҸֻǲСˣʲô
񷢶Ľ׸ˣɲܳϣ
ȻһϢȥԺôң
ȻİѾϢţ
ǿɶ˵ˣʱ˸վһ𣬽ˣ
԰һҪԶЩУ
ǿɶҪΪ̫۵ԩˣ
˼ҿɶ˵ֻݵĻ£Ż
˲dѣ̾ͷˣƭ˭أǶˣ
ղŲ磬
ͦԶ˶ˣʹҲˡ
dĻ
dֻ˵ղȷʵףֻɺ϶ѣҸû
⻰һ˷˵ûоûаҷ𣿡
һ׷塣
ǣҷ𣿡
ֻҪҷǾ㡣
ԶԶԣϽİɡ
ǻû˵أdҪǷĵĻ˵ܿˣ
Щ뷨d
ҷģ
ԭĶŷá
ڣǰ֮治Է
ƫƫʲôʲô
-

158 һѪ

dȻǲҷĵģϡ
˭֪ʱͷͻȻһ죡
һž͵dը
һĳĬ󣬰˲ըˡ
ģִˣ
쿴ӱˣ
϶棡
׸ʲôˣȻ춼ȥˣ
dŵŲӣܵشӽԱˡ
η½ӾܣڵϲͣͷүΪǸһģҲˡ
ʱеĽӶͻȻð˺̣Ȼ˻硣
ǿһĻӾ֡
쿴Żˣ
Ȼ𰡣
ڽأ
d⻰͵شӾлع񣬻ҵغ˰ҵ棡
ǳŽη򺰵ģаղ
Լôȥȣ
ǣǿӵĶȥȣƾʲôñȥȣ
үȥˣ˭ҾһҲô죿
ǣҪԼȣ
۷׷ס
ģȻԼ׵ȣ̫Т˰ɣ
Ҫ𣿡
˵Ǹ˻£±أ
ԶСıǸˣ
ǾǣҪ˾ˣҿɴûɹ£

dȥˡ
ǱʥĶˣܵķ飿
ۿ˶סηڵϾͲ
Ҳ֪Żˣǹš
d޿κΣֻùѸٳ嵽ǰһƿӣͷ˳
ҧƾһİ˳
ֻǸձûdˤ˵ϣ
û취Ǹصúܡ
ܹȳôѾļˡ
Ѿ˻ԣһˤֱӾͱˤˡ
˺ôһѪպdһ
dҲѣѪһ磬˶ˡ
˺ðΣ͵طӦͳӺݺݲ˲
ͬʱǵؿ񣺡û°ɣվ𣿡
ʵǱˣ
ؿҪ˵һѪ
кˣѪܱѣڳѪЩء
˵߻ȥˣĻ˵
ֻ۾ŭصd
ʵϣе˲䣬ˡ
ű²ģ˶ĺԾȻˣǾ˵϶ģ
µģҲֻdˡ
ܲ
džͰˣȻ˵һ
ʲô֪ɵصۺٹٵ淢˶ġ
ӵǣⶾľȻˣ
ı׸ˣ
ڵҪ벻ףôⶾľͳˡ
ʥԣӲ
ЩģǱǰġ
·ĵô࣬û˵˭Ķĳ棬汻׸˵ġ
ôŷ˶ģͱˣ
ǲ
dô£Ϊʲô˵һ
ŭصd·ڿɱˡ
ΧİǿһĻͲ²⿪ˡ
񲻶Ծ
ѲdĴТ
dһ˲ţ̽û뵽ȻǸТ˳ġ
ѹָոնȥء
ˤˣ϶ǹģ
׼ס˲õһ棬ٻǵúõĵط
ⲻڳЩֵİǣǵdϾˣdðհȳġ
һĳ˲ãϲͼӴ׵ԲһѶѵ֤ݡ
dǲСˤģҲĻϲ⣬뺦ˡ
Ҳ룬Ҫǹˤ񣬸ԼҲˤˡ
dҲˡ
ܿͲµԭ֪ڹء
d̲ס顣
ȷʵòԡ
Ҳû뵽ᷢİ
ʼµʱ򣬾óɹϣҪǸδԵ̫ûЩ
ֻΪɺ仰ȥţ˵ЩЦ
Ը
Ȼʧܣʧ˲֣˵˸ס
͸Ҹ˵ˡ
˭֪žȻֱӻɵҺͳ¼ͷϡ
Ϊ˰ɣֱӷ˶ġ
ƫƫⶾĻӦˣ
뵽ղŵľףd¡
Сؿգһ
ղнӵţñȽԶûˡ
ߣҪˣ϶㲻ȥ
뵽d˸£Ͻ˵˵òᣬǵøϽȥ
ĻӦһѪ
d
һĻǷ׷׼ᶨԼĲ룬d϶̫Тˡ
ƣ񶼱Ѫˣ
dһأ
-

159 ˻ϲ˳

dֱȥΧЩյ
ϽϵѪȻʶȥǶӣŻýӰ̧ȥ
ͷһӶȫƻڼӡ
϶ûˡ
dֿη򣬽ûпˡ
ոչڵϲĽηȻˣ
֪ʲôʱܵģ
dû취ֻΧİգϣǰæ̧ȥ
ȻûԸ⡣
ֱdؽ𣬲ƽ峵̧ȥȻһ·սսذƻҡ
˵ǣһ·ûٽס
㰲ȡ
ûҾǮˡ
˴꣬үƣû£ûĽףȵذ˻ȥ
Ȼôү϶ȥǸˡ
ЩԭֻСΧ˭֪ľʹ˾ǡ
˵ʱʱѾȥ˺ü졣
ҵŵӳ˾ǣ֪ȥˡ
ù£ȥҵֱ˴˳ȥﵽ˵ȥɱڵģҵˡ
˵ǣ֪˭񷢵Ķ˳ȥ
ΪѾΣںܶ˶ڲ²⣬ʣµ׻ʲôʱ
жķ̿ڣʣµ׻ʲôʱġ
˵󣬼ֵġ
Ľףһˣ
̫ҽԺ̫ҽҽĴ򶼲Ҹ±ˡ
dƵø̫ҽԺﲻųɹ̫ҽ뵽˼ҩ
źҲսսĵģ±
dɴɺź
žɺ⣬ʧȥ˲˵ҵҲˡ
dú޲ɺϷŹ
ɺҲ֪Լдֻĵź
δҪdأ
ҵӲù¼ҲûõĶȥ
¼˻ǺңٳʿûģȻǻҪÿĵԼ
ֻ뵽ʿˣ¼˾͸˲ˡ
ʼеʱ򣬳ʿվߣ̫ˡ
ֱۣ첲ˡ
̫ҽʿŵֱѪֱۻ׵ԭ֣ʮ⡣
ԺףʿҲûձˡ
ǹӼƣڳ˷ˣְ϶Ǳסˣֻøˡ
Ҳࡣ
˵̫أҲ׻ˣ˰ŵɡ
Ѿ飬˵ûץگο϶Ҫˡ
ڳҳƲʱۻš
ùǺ
Ҫǻƽʱŷ˴ۻͣʷǿ϶Ҫ鵯
ȴһ缦
˭ҲҶ졣
Ͼǲűأ
ʣЩûģҲʱ
һУɾͳˣ
ǵʷִԣΪɲų꣡
֪֮󣬸ҷĵ˾Իٺܶࡣ
ȴܵ͵
ȻͣȴһҲû˼
Ҫڼﲻϳȥ
Ȼ˺ط֣ռôģڸǷӣ
ھ
Դˣŵͺ˺ܶࡣ
ԭɵҸ򽻵ھǣҲŴˡ
нڴţռʲô˳Եġ
ŵҲ󷽣Ŵ˴ȥι۹أǰԺ޽еĹޡ
սھԺ޺õĹ޺ѾͶʹã̫̫󣬶Ҫһ
λϢҲ˵Ҫ
һֱӴһӣý˾޺á
ΪüطޣЩžھӡ
ھǿ޽еĹޣЩɵۡ
ڵϺǽϵĴשƽ࣬滹ɽˮƴúǳɽˮ
ĺöȻǹޣ
ֱǱɥĲ
׿ӺͰȻǰ״ɣԳˮ
ζһ㶼
̫ˣ
ĺö밲ϣ
ǣھǷ׷׿ʼҪԼҲϡ
ŵģϵЦݾûȥ
ǶüЦһԺˡ
ܿ죬Ϣʹ˳ȥ
ι۵ԽԽࡣ
˭Ҳû˼˵ԼιéģװģشŸ̽š
Ȼ˵ڼҪϲȥһ
󣬾Ϳʼ޵شˡ
֮Լﰲϣ
֪µԽԽ࣬۶˵ˣ
͵͵˲˲飬֪ˮͰʹשսҤճģ˰̽н˹
-

160 

߽ʱһ۾ͷ
źܲ˵ӡ
ʱת²⵽˭
ԭ˺üȴ֪۽ǳģ
ûڡ
ֻ񣺡ߵʣ
ûӦ
̣
ؿһۣͻȻʶǶ
Ϊʲô
ʵ
̽ʵ˭˸
һ˵ľ£
һ⻰Щ
˭״ˣ
дľ
ýéôʹľˣ
ȵȣ
ۿûô׺ŪԾ͸
϶֪ô¡
ôֻΪ
뵽ĳܵԭ򣬳̸Ͻͷ
һƲסԼͻȻЦ
ۿˣúݺһ٣
̰һȻ˵ʣϲδľֻؽ
۹⣺Ŷ
ֻü˵ʣǰЩӣҤйƳһЩһЩЧΣЧһЩТʺĸ󡣡
Ͱʲôģײţ̾ûֱ˵
۶Դ˺⡣
ʵҪǸͰ˴ȥˣ
ˣעҲҪúü飬Բܴˣ
ô룬ȴ˾˵ȻˣڹҲһЩûʹҲҪɣ˳һˡ

ȴĬĬڵѪ
û˵ڹټɹֻ˵ţɼǲǮѪˡ
ɻʹôҪͰɲ٣ѵȫһ˳ˣ
ǿɲУ
̰⣬ֻТۺŻʺʣµɲܡ
۴ҲǾò˼ܿһЩ飬װΪͰѳ̽н˹
˾˼òˣ˳̳ȥ
һȴֱԣһˣȥڹټ࣬ǸͰǣͬʱƺôשĻ
ۺŻʺõĶȻǲˡ
ûбˣڹȻܡ
ʵϣĳˮͰʹ˹˶ϢûԹ̫صġ
˺öȻ׸ʵۣԼã
Ҳ̫ˣ
ģںˮͰʲô
˳ȥ˵гˮͰĺöȴҲ󲻳
һر棬޲ۿһۡ
ȥڹټ࣬Ϣܿڹﴫˡ
̫ӳ̫Ҳ˵Ϣ
̫̲ס۲
̫֣ƽʱ·ȣοǶš
ﵹͰΪ̫ӣõȻǺö
ÿʹù󣬶ר˸ϴɾ
һ㶼
̫ѾùˣҲûоʲôס
ֱ˵˳ˮͰ
Щ
ǼţǾóˮͰͦģⶫǿʡȥ鷳
Ļƣߵܿࡣ
ҲյĲס
һֱ֮
˵˳ˮͰ̫Ӳһԣϣܹⶫƹ㵽䣬ȫµİҲܹĺö
ֻһ뵽ˮͰָйϵսҤճģЩ⡣
̵δҲ̫ˣ
̫ӱ̫ܵöˡ
ɲ̫ôȣֻҪһ뵽ˮͰսͳйأͻջǵģ޲ԼҲҤ
ʵϣԴǦʳ֣͵͵üһЩҲյõĶ
ȻֱڣЩҲûʲôչ
սҤöһһس
Ǳˣ
ʲôˮͰžǸͷûʲôá
ͰۻĶռҾȻɢȥȥιۣ֪ܣ
ŲţʲôˮͰʲôö϶ǺŪ˵ģ
ɺ޵ǣȻ۶ⶫģ
ﻹʲôˮͰ
ˣ
̫ŭѣƫƫ˵ֻܱ
һĹݣźŵòᣬиʲôá
ǵĴԹǣǵ˳ˮͰʹש
ĹǸŲԸû˼ᡣ
佫ǵƤͺˣֱţ˵ʲôҪ
Ÿɴ没ڼ˭
Ƕˣܵȴû㡣
вм۸Ǵ͹ѾǸ⿪ô˵没͸没
ǣǰ佫ֱӲס
ֵû취㶼Ҫڼﲻҳˡ
սȥ־ǡ
-

161 սǲү

սİ취ܼ򵥡
ֱרȻųϢ
̼ǿɶúܣڳˮͰϢʱǾ˷
ֻŵ̫ߣֿ̼ͨԽӴġ
űɱջؾǿ¼Һңѳ¾ӽˮء
Ϊģ׸ˣ
˭
̼Ǿһ˼׬ǮҲóóȻȥ˵ˮͰ⡣
һţʰô죿
һֻܰӵϢ
лģר˾ˡ
ӽ£ǵȻר˾˸
ר˾ЩҲɵʱԷ
ֻǰæϢˡ
ʲô׬Ǯר͵ݸţЩ̼ܹȻ
սרŷ̵̼Ϣ
ר÷ǳ˳սȥ˶ûмӼѣר˾ͷǳʶʱ˼Ӽ
񾩳ĴԹ󶼵óˮͰʹשأʱ⿨ţҪȨȦӶˣ
רһ̼˵ռԸרɣȲռꡣ
Ϊռҵ˵ˣרɵģǢ̸
̸׺󵱳ͿǩԼȻȥר˾
սû棬͸ɰ̸ġ
ɰϾŮӣֻһˣڸ
ڣҪЩ
̼ûҷΪרɣԸ߼ۡ
ͺɰ͵սķԸ̼ǳļǮˡ
רɾ׬ôǮǻûм׬Ǯģ
⻹ֻɣר
ʵ̼ǲɵ
˵ˮͰᾭͰ棬¾Ͷˡ
ֻҪõרɣͿۣõı⣡
ֻҪûõɣ͵͵ӪǷǷֱһٱר˾ɲ
⣬ô׬ģ
רɣ˵ԸãֶΪ
ǳˮͰשרҲв
һЩ̼ǿǦʸúú¯ӵרɡ
һͨͺɰǮյˡ
˼ֱţרɣȻܹ˶ʮᣡ
⻹ֻǾǸģ
Ҫص̼ˣ࣡
ң⻹ֻһרʹ÷Ѷѣ
Ҳ̫׬ˣ
κȥս㱨ȥˡ
ռ˵˽һҲɵۣԼΣ
ܵô̼
Щææ⣬ҵҵ龫ǣ׬ǮȻ籦Ů׬Ķ࣡
۵Ϣﶼеᡣ
Ȼһܴ̼Ͱѳ̽нѵһ١
ԽԽ˶Ӳ˳ۡ
ʲô۹ⰡȻС˸ôõϱ
̫ˣ
ûصų̣ͻȻʵ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
̣£Ϊʲô
ϧ˵Ȼð
ۿ˵һ˵Ļ㶼ˣϸ룬˵е
˴󹦣޲ܺ˹ģһŮҪиùޡ
֪ǹ̼ǼˣʣãõĹޣ
ѵϻ˱ʺս
Ѿͷôţ˼룬˭ܻס
ƲƲ죺Ŷ޲á
СҲȥʲôˣ
ˡ
ۿҪ鷳ĬĬɱﵣûб飬ȥĸ󡣡
ۣ
뵽뺷ϱЩ̡
ȣԵظɿһͲСˣû¾ȥĸ󣡡
֪ĸ״
ǵĸһڹµȥ
رֱ׳ϴζȥĸ˵Ȳ뿴顣
㵹ã֪Һȣ
ôʵ
Ҷʮˣ
ٲȢޣ˶ҪҶˣ
óǣ֪Ȣϱ˵㻹ʲôϢ
һ⣺һ׬˶ʮᣬ⻹ֻһרʹ÷ѡ
ˮ෽ӾȻŸôͣ򷢽лء
ԭ۸ʹͲˣרɵĽˣͻȻ̫Сˡ
ߣڵɲǹȥǸûмˡ
ۿ;ģ뵽ֳĴӣʱˡ
϶Ǹʡĵģ϶ϱǸүϴӻǵĶ
ԽԽģػӻ֣ۣ
̵˱˻ԣǸʣȥ̽ĸˡ
һߣ۾üͷ
սʵǳԤϡ
-

162 

˺ܾá
սֳĴϻۣʵЩΪѡ
̱һֱ̫֮λȢսԺ˸ǮҰĻ
սڲûйֱܲӰɱˣͽ
ս޸ˣס
˼ȥֻε̾˿
ˣȻѾˣ˳ɡ
̫ӵѾʧһΣܲʧ
Ժ¡Ժ˵ա
ǳǸͣҲǲС
ԭͦĳ̵ӣ̫ӳʺϵһس֮
Ǽʶ˳ɧͻȻЩĿ࿴
̫ӳȴûʲô
ԺҲǱȳλӡ
ôã¼ŵӰԵЩ
˺һûҿ
˭Ҳ֪۴ʱת˶˼

ս֪Լӹһ١
һֱڼЩģȥߡ
ؽ׼һЩΪ͸˵
˶˵̫̫ȴʹˣ۾̫á
˵Щϻۡ
սһϻ
̫̫۾ڻʱ
ѧҽʱ仹Ҫ۾κãȥ˵׼Ҫ˵ˡ
ǰЩ¶ģУΣ
Ѿ÷зռѾЩһ͵ļƣõ͵һЩ
۾£ٻ
ϻ
ʱ򡣻˳Ŵ󾵡
սˮĥƬֻƬˮúú
ȿͷùλҪ㹻κʸơ
һʱ䲻̫ҵ
սȥó͸
һΣûݣҲûŮװֱӴŮװͳȥˡ
ȥȻùȥ
ս룬ûƽ˶รɰš
ƽ̫֪۹ȴô
รƽʱ棬Щó
ɰжβΪ֪Ĺȥ۹ʮֲ԰æۡ
ͻȻ˶ʮᣬսֻԼѹ
սȥġ
ٽصԵʣϵŵƽʡ
ǰЩӱѾģ
սпһͷ仯󣬾ˡ
ɰϾǳ͹ˣɲֵܱøһЦ
ܿ쵽䱦ĵطս߽ȥ
̺õڼսȴһûҪδëϡ
ƹͦȣȴûҶʡ
սëϺ󣬲ſʼʼ۸񣺡ЩҶҪˣܼ۶٣
͸ɰһ׼ۡ
˭֪ƹʮϵҪļ۸ʮֹ׬Ǯ
սﻹ˼ɰۣ
ֱöรǮȻƹ񣺡ʵϳ˵ˮ񣿡
˵ˮʵˮ
ƹһ㶣ܿȡһˮսѡ
Ȼս֮ȴֶҪġ
ȵǹˣ̫СûĥɾƬ
ʵûи𣿡
ƹ񲻽ЦûСչ֪ˮ˵㲻϶ôϡĶɾڲǰ˴ˮ񣬴Ķȥˡ
սüͷ΢΢һ壺ʲôˣ
ƹüͷƺЩãɫͿʼס
˵ս졣
չĻᣬΪճ͸ҵܹˣǶӡ
Ѿˣɾǰã͢䲼רӾÿϣʣµǮչһˮ
ȫˮࡣչҪȥʡ
ս⣺ôˮʲô
ƹȻ˵Ҫճ͸ȻҪˮա
սˣ
ѹոѼҵܹˣȻˮգĳ
ȻǸӡ
ʱƹ˵չҪȥþ졣ȥˣЩˮѾյòˡ
սʵӼĶ
ƹ񲻸ҵ̸ӵĵַڳͬǱߵ˶֪طչҸʾ֪
սл̴Ŷรɰ
ƹһ±ơ
վԭش˺ðβŷӦսովȻл
ģ
Ƕ˵չŰ裬ϲñӳ
ôƽ׽ˣ
Ȼл
λδ
ܴһ꣡
ˣոյıѺúñǿδģ
ƹ񼤶˺һͻȻӡ
ոհӵĵַ˵ˣӲ°
-

163 ը

ܿ쵽˳
˸··˹Ȼ֪ͬ
սڳ·˵ɫνӸӺЩ
·˵ı鲻̫ԾΪӣ
ͬԶǺܿ͵ˡ
ոͬڣʹһը
顱һ죬ܿ˾ӾҪֱײ
ŵþУƴסҪס
ǺͬڣطһСľҪײǽȥ
սɾ£
ĻŲѣ˫ĶĥҲɿ
˭֪ʱͻȻоʲô߷˹ȥһ˵㡣
һ̣ͿͻȻһˡ
Ӱս
ŵĿѡ
˾ţһ˴ֻ̼ţ
ǰſ£һΣԼ侲ȻѰס
սʱ̫Σˣ
ûУ
ŵõԲۣŵ۾ﶼѪˡ
˭֪һ̣ͻȻ侲
˲ɵۣոշʲôˣ
ԣսʲôˣ
ôͻȻͣˣ
𾪵ؿսıӰ뿪ڣͻȻս߽ͬ
ٴν»Σա
ոյıը֪ô£ڽȥɲǺʱ
ս˵ˣҽȥ
ղŵ˻ûʲô֣ȴǲ֮ըʱ
ըĵطӵļҡ
ֻĲ²⣬ǲÿ֪֮
ͻȻըŪԭû취ġ
ˣôҲÿһߡ
οΪˮҪòôӱȥң̫鷳ˡ
ǲ֪ûаЩˮ⡣
սͼߣรɰϽ
ղζʱײ˳ϣ϶ЩײĵطѾˡ
սҪȥΪūܲսһգֻܸ
³ԭɵۡ
ؿս˵ıӰЩԥҪҪȥ̲סƥ
Ǻ棬ﵽôסƥģ
Ĵǲмذһۡ
·˵㿴Ӹʲô
ͻȻ﹣˿Ѫ
һͬﲻ˶˳Ӧ鿴ġ
һ˶ûйȥ²Сײˡ
ŵؿսıӰи̡
˭֪ʱǰͻȻһĿ޺
Ǳըĵط޵ǸŮˣرңЩš
һ֪˳ˣε̾˿пһ޳
ս˿ʶӿ˽Ų
ɰǰɿ쿴սһۣ˵˵òᡣ
޳˵˶ûˡ
ȥ
ǰһ·ͿһͻȻ򿪣˾ʧش˳
ãҿãҼүˣȥ򣡡
սһֱ˽ȥ
ѾȻû˳
սһ·ͨ裬ܿ˳µĵط
µĵطǸ˽СΪըġ
شɨ
ǴһﴫģźǾ
սոտһۣ˺֪طǣʵ˭ôˣ
սɨһۣʵү᣿µ
üͷԭ˵ǿս˫Į۾֪ôľ˵˳үһЩµǶ⡣
үͷҲ֪ʲôͻȻըˡү˵úأ϶ƬӶˡ
˵̲ס۾
Ƕҵūͣ£ǳװˡ
ʱЩҪôתȥҪôǲɢԺ󻹲֪ء
˵ôأǱסˡ
̫̫СүԺǲù
ҽȥ
ս˵߽Ǽ䱬ըӣĶ̫죬˶ûܷӦѾȥˡ
รɰϽȥʲô⡣
Ȼߵſڣ˾ս˵Ƕ
ֻͣſڣǵؿս
ս鿴һܿҵ˱ըԭ
ҪĽ䷽һЩ߰Ķһգըˡ
ﻹһЩպõըʱЩ˳Ҳըˡ
ս̲ס˸ۣѹֱ˶ӣҲ̫ˣ
ҪȥͻȻϵƬ
ЩƬ
ս̲סһƬŹ⿴˿˫ۡ
-

164 ̫뺷

սʮ⡣
ΪӾ
ȻϵƬͻȻ֣ȷʵЩ¡
ҪǾôˣδ̫ϧ
ղ˵˵úأҲ֪ܾܲȵû
սּܿ˵ϵƬ･
Ȼ˳ȥ
รɰŵؿɰСʵǷʲô
ȶรҪЩһսϵЩƬ鿴֪϶ʲô֡
ս˵ͷţȥǸ˵ˡ
ɰһ̲µǶġ
ȴûжʡ
ƽзִ硣ΧˣڲѯЩĺʱ
սҪԸ˵Ȼ˵
ò졣
Щūͺؿš
Ƕܺսݣȴּɵƣһؿս߽Ӻ̫̫ڵӣû
һݣ˵̫أϵѪȥԷ
ɴŰˣ棬ٷӰŰ֧
ս߽ȥʱ̫̫ڿ޺ǳġ
·춼ˡ
ŴŮԷΪ죬ӳ£Ҳѹӻġ
ʱŮҪ̫ˣܶ鶼ÿˡ
ҪŮֱӳ£˴򽻵ͻ˵лЩ˲岻
һЩҲϲ۸ŮˣܵԷſڣ˵һЩĵ
оϻѸǰǷǶ࣬˵ľ
ߣһһˣҲͿܱ˰ռ޶˵ĵطûС
̫̫ᣬҲͶʮͣĺӿ϶С
һˣĸӵӾˡ
սó޵ôģȫΪԼ
۾һֱӣӦǸ
ſѾԼİ˶û֡
սһۺֿŰϵӡ
ֻϲ˺ܶƬ·õģ˺ܶѪ
ըʱӦֵסֱҲƬһȴǺõġ
ģûͦΡ
̫̫ͦǶԡ
ֻλ˵òᣬҲ֪ڵĴûа취
̫̫Ȼ޵úģȴûȥŵƬɼӻͦ
ҪǰƬγѪøˡ
սпͻȻСڿޡ
ʶŤͷȻһСų˹
Ȼײϡ
ս
С
Ȼֹ
Сɵ㶵̧ͷ͵ؿս
ͻţ϶ͱ顣
κͻȻӦʵ㡭˭ôôҼң
˵ʱЩ
һֱ޺̫̫ͻȻ˹ʶС
ȻͿս
Ƭ̺͵طӦͰС˻ڵϣؿս˭ʲôʱģ֪кιɣ
սĮҪһЩˮ˵ϵˮ඼๫ˣ
̫̫ˮ֣ƺ˴̼鶼ЩŤˡ
֪뵽ʲôܿʵ֪Ҫ٣Ӧûвˮû꣬ʡ
ʱи͸˽ŵظ̫̫̫̫ū澵ĴûܿסСү
̫̫ڲ˵Щʱȥʣﻹʣ¶ˮλҪ򡣡
ս̲סЦЦ
ոֻ˵Ҫˮ񣬹
λֱ̫̫Ӿ˵Ҫ򣬵ͦ
̫̫Щŵرס˶ӡ
ȷʵˣ˸۶
ΪϣλͳĹܹЩ˵ûõˮ
ɷΪЩˮ񣬼˼еǮ
˳ҪȻ֪ҪǮ
ЩˮڼȥǮøˡ
ֻλƺСƣҲ֪᲻
սų̲ס˵㲻ýţȷʵҪˮ񡣲ҪʵشҴˮ̫С˲С
̫̫˵ú˿
Ȼսɴ峤ࡣ
ϵ·һͲ򵥡
ܹ·ģ϶
̫̫λˣһСˡ
˳ʵھκδˡ
ãλƺǸ˵ġ
̫̫ҵţϽȥȡˮ
Ȼ͵͵սЩ졣
˳˶£λȻһ㶼µ
ҪˮҲòԽɣ
ѵǺ棿
ļҵĹδҲ̫뺷ˣ
-

165 ֻܾ

͸ܿȥˡ
ˮĵطڸڲԶܿˣ̫̫ū澸ղʹˣƷõˮ񶼻ʣţҪȡ𣿡
ս˵ֱӹȥɡ
Ѫζ̫Ũ¼ȥ̲סᴦ˿ڡ
˵ͦأʱˣǵȴԺ˵ɡ
ھҪæλ̫̫Ҳġ
͸ʶ̫̫һۣ˵ͷŴսȥ
սһ鷿ӣϷ˸Сӡ
ѾˣҪˮͷ
ս߹ȥ
ˮСһĿиϰٿ顣
սһ飬ʵȷʵܴӦǾϸѡġ
һԱߣ״̲ס˵үϲЩˮΪƷ̫ãûˣ˵ԣȷԳˣЩˮ˭֪Ȼ¡
˵ʱʣȻΪġ
սĮȴΪⷬ˼˼
ȵеˮ˵ЩˮҶҪˡ
һ£ʶ͸
͸Щŵ˵Щˮүİ֮̫̫˼
սֱӱӣھȥ
Ϳ𾪲ѣողŰģɲᡣ
һ˶Щѹ֣οһң
˵˭
ӦǸңôɾͱˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
սȴûô롣
ȷʵЩƫƫûƽֻԼˡ
̫̫սӻҲһ
սһۣ˵ЩˮҶҪˣ۶١
̫̫һԥһ²վ߹ȥ
սӷϣ顣
ţ̫̫Ҫǲ۸񣬾Ҹ㡣
˭֪̫̫֮󣬺ܿ͸һмԵ͵ļ۸
Ȼˮ顣
սһۡ
Ǹӣλ̫̫Ҳ򵥡
ûռˣֱӰг۸ˣ̫̫Ҫļ۸Ҫʮᡣ
ˮ񲢲رϡĶЩˮûоĥֻЩëϣ۸͸ˡ
ʤʵعͷҲԱͨˮ񣬼۸Ҫϲ١
սʹǮȴûд뿪
ʵ˳˭ҽΣ
̫̫սʹ죬˼ֺøУֱӾ˵ˣѾȥҽֻǲ֪ò
˵ʶᣬ˳
ս˵ҽĴȥռ£ҽæ塣
Ҫѧҽƽ˾ҽԡ
˲٣ȻȻͼסˡ
ο̫̫ҽҽа취ɷ򡣡
̫̫ЦԸɡ
սûмߣ²ȸҲûжʡ
һȥ㽫ҽ˹
ҩͯҴ߽ݣŰϵ󣬲˿
ʱս˵˽䣬ҽü˼ȫϣûע⵽
̫̫ŵؿҽŹǰҽһҪȾ๫Ҫи̣Ҳȥˡ
ҽε̾ȱſޣϷ򿴿˵
˵߹ȥ˸ϼ˰
ԽԽأε̾Ѿ˼ڸˡϷΪ׼°ɡ
̫̫ȻԤУȻ⻰󣬻ǱغⲻģҲţ
˵顱һ͹ڵϣͣҽͷҽȾɣˣ
ҽʮΣҪ̫̫־޴֡
̫̫Ůӣñӡ
ҽֻñܿˣɡϷ򲻿ϾʵΪ˵̫ˣҲѾȰ
̫̫
Ųͣͷܿͷˡ
ҽʵΣҪĶֲģֻ˵ϷľȲֻܰһ˿ڣѹ¡
߹Ƕˣϻôһӣôȣ
Ϊ
̫̫⻰֪ҽû취ſڵϱش
ҽòģԥһ²ʵҪԸ⣬ھѹⷨЩ¿˾Ͳˡ
̫̫ԣʱˡ
ս̾˿ӽ˳԰ɡ
ţҪҽа취ò֡
˭֪ҽȻ޲ߡ
Ҳǣ
ڵȴ巢֮ĸɻˡ
´Ƕ
ֻ֣·һ
-

166 ̫

սһڣҽ̫̫̳˹
รɰҲ𾪵ؿ
̫̫Լˣŵؿս㡭ո˵ʲô
ҽüͷɵؿս̬ظС죬ɲܶϷ
սţ˵ղ˵ˣȲ
ҽ
Ȳ
̫أѾûˣ
Щѵܾ
ҿأսЦЦûֱӴƱȲˣʲôϵ˵ãͰȻأ
⻰ҽǳˡ
죬ܶϷСɲֵģβˣģ̫أ죬룬ܰ˾ȻġϷ
սʣȲѵñ𣿡
ҽУЩĲء
û취ڲšѧҽһ£Ҫĵ˵ܹ˾ȻǾ̫ˡ
һ
ʱ˾ȻˣҲ̫ãԵ̫š
ҽɲ֪սĲѣսùǺ㶼תˡ
ǿսССͣʵڲϣ;
ǶϷսСһմ˵һӡ
ȻˣܲӲǰ֪С
˵ףҽǾս̫СΪں֡
̫̫ȴ᲻ⷬġ
һս˵ܾȻǿŵľ˲˹
Ҳȥҽˣֱ˵սǰλܹȻ๫
սܿܿˣɲϲ˹ţҿԣ֤ܹȻԼѡҪҪԡ
̫̫һ֤Ȼ־
ʱҽսСѧҽ
ս󷽵ص˵ͷˣȷʵѧ
ҽüΪսֻǴ֣˭֪Ȼѧҽ
ʵҿͲѧҽˣ
ȻսɴķٷδĹŻģһ֪Ϳ϶
ΪŮһˣͷҪ
иʽᣬ˼δ޵Ůͷ˴磬ӴԺ㲻ŮǸˡ
ҽһսķ٣֪ǸС
ôСĹңСѧҽѧ˶ꣿ
ҽȻΪɣս̫СЩᣬҽж
벻ǣսûҪ죡
ս󷽵˵Ŷϸ¿ʼѧġ
ҽԼˣԲ˫ۣ𾪵ؿսո˵ʲôҺˡ
ѧҽһ£
ѾͷǳЦ
ѧҽһ£ô̵ʱܹסҩģ
̫̫Ҳˡ
ոѾ׾ˣսĻӵϣһԡ
ôҲû뵽սȻѧҽһ£
һ£͸˵Լܾˣ
̫̫ʱԼǱŪˡ
۾ŭؿսɳƵʣѧҽһ£ոΪʲô˵ܾ๫
ţ𣿡սżˣ˵ˣ֤ܹȻҪҪȣԼѡҽȲҲĻɣҪǾĻ˵Ȼأ
⻰ֱں
ѧҽһ¾͸˵ܹȻɵˣ
˭ţ
ɵӣ
̫̫Լ϶ɵӣ˱ɷβԸϣ
һһľȻɷأ
ʱһֱɵվԱߵСͻȻ˵̫̫źҲҪȾȵ
̫̫ȴĿֻĶˡ
ԥúĿ⸴ӵؿսٴι˵ϣȾ๫
սٴαܿˣѵ˵ˣ֤ܹȻ
ĮǸ߸ϵ󣬱飬ӷΪۻ
̫̫ӽţЩԼǲѡˡ
ҽȲᣬʵڲԸĻᣡ
֪ܹȻ๫Ը⵱ţĶ顣ǹûܾȻ๫Ҳҹ
Լ˵ģסĻ
ս˵ҽʼˣҽﲻҪˣذɡ
ҽüͷ壺СǶϷ㵱Ҫ˺𣿡
սشֻǷʵȲ𣿡
ҽȥεҡҡͷˣϣ㲻ڡ
˵˳ȥ
-

167 죬

ҽȥʱ򣬻һ̾
Ǿսں֡
ѾͷҪŮǵһٲɣ
Ϸģ
սֲҵģοܣҲܶһͷ˿
ο̫̫ˣһ˻˵ʲô
ԼȲˣŲñ˾
ʱ̫̫ú
˲֪ģΪǼñҽãء
ҽԽԽΣȥ·ϱһӵ
Ȼ֪ǣǰŸ뿪սžͰȫϳݣȻţֹѪ
ֻǼ򵥵ֹѪûи˿崴ͷϡ
ϾһСɰȻ
ͷܲһ롣
Ҫ̫࣬Ÿ߱⣿
ֹѪָ˵ȪȥסС
Ȼţ̫̫˵̫ԶûʱÿˡڸһȥҸֹѪʣµĻȥٴ
̫̫һֱܽţ⻰͸ˡ
ԥһ£Сʵ֪סδ
ܵģǵȥˣ᲻ᱻϢش
ս֪ʲôЦʵ֪˭𣿡
̫̫ҡҡͷݲ
սЦ˵סǰʱˮڹŹһȦһ󣬲žѧҽӦ˵ҡ
̫̫˶Ӳˡ
û뵽ԳܹȻ๫СȻǴŰ裬ϲñӳ˵մ
뵽Щԣ̫̫˶Ǿġ
ڼˡ
սݣһ˻׾ٵ飿
Ҫİȥ
սᣬҲ
ǸӣƫƫԼȥģ
̫̫׾ˡ
뵽׵Ķӣǹ˵չСף˵طǻᳳ֣ɷڼ
Ǿú£Ըһڼֻɷ򡣲ǾȻɷԺ¡ˣҲʬ廹㡣
̫̫⻰ٴԥ
ΪսֱӾܾǿаǶȥ
˭֪սȻŶڼ
λչﲢô£
˵ǰλ˷ģӦ飬Լ׸ˡ
λˣøйڡ
Ȼǲ˵ʵǸˣ
һҰȥӦҲûϵɣ
̫̫ĶӣȴҲһȥ
ԥһ󣬻ҧ˵лչҸո룬๫ڼңСǻҸסҴһȥܰæչ๫
˵ŵؿսͬ⡣
սȴǱΪĴȶˣȥȥɡ
̫̫⻰˿
͵͵սһۣﰵţλչȻûдŵô£ЩŹȻ⣬ѹүռҡ
˲̫ܵã̫̫˾˰ȥ
ûãǾ͵
ʱŻںװ˵սһ˻ͷи˵ˣΪԼˡ
ȷǻŶʱ˲װˣɱ˳ȥ
ս˰ƫԺ
ûסˣտúܡ
ÿ춼˴ɨֱӾסȥ
ϢϹʱսڷԸ˸
Ҫȸ
һŰϵᡣ
սϻģԺܶƶ˽⡣
һˣ֪˾Ȳˡ
ŽŻˣһսС˴ʲôۿžҪˣҪڼ
Ҫǻɱôɣһƴȥˣ
սǱŮܴ
սüͷǰˡ
ļôʵ̫ϧˡȻˣܼܲȡ
ν˵ǲˣ
ţŮѧҽѧɵˣ
ε˵˻ˣ죬϶ɣ
춼˵ˣܲܰҹ⡣
սȴһţ㻹Ҷѧôõҽѵ㱾»ûôֻҪҳ֣϶ˣ
ţŮȻѧҽѧħˣ
ôѧ˲һ£Ȼ˵ѧôõҽ
ǸɵѾͷ
⻰Ҫ̫ҽԺǰ϶ˣǺ޲㡣
ǱŮѵöʲôôģŪˣܰӳȥ
žἫˣӵؿս۰Ͱ͵ԼͷˣУһأ
ˣ͵͵ȥ뼸̫ҽס˵Сô˵
-

168 ں

͵͵̫ҽæս˵ôأô
ﻹͦģսѧ˲һµҽһԼҽ飬֪սѧЩʲô
ȻŵҾˣ
Ǿһͱɵġ
ôģ
˳ˣôȣ
Ǵ˶ûа취
ػսѧҽѧ÷ħˣ˼ҽΪԼҽ
ȵȣŮҽ
뵽Ķ̽ʵϵ˿̫ˣдҪô㿴ı飿
ս˵ҿˡŮҽǸŮҽ̫ˣҾҿ϶
˲˿Ѫ
սľߵ̫̫һֱŶ͵⻰Ҳˡ
չֻѧ˲һµҽ͸ҾˣѾùˣȻǿѧģ
ںѽ
ԣλչֺɷѪȷʵǱֹסˣȻ֪ôġ
ǡ᲻ʲô취ˣ
ʱĵʵ㿴Ůҽ˵Ҫô˿𣿡
ûп֪浽׶дЩʲô
֪дδ˿ڣ˳Ҳдġ
ھսʱˣ
ս˵ŶûдԼ뵽ˣ˿ڷˡ
Ŵ󾪣졭
Ŷ͵̫̫ŵòҰ
˭֪սȻһȻ˵԰·˶ܹΪʲô˲ܰ˿ڷͲ࣬ƿӡ
ţ
̫̫

ͲԶ˺ðɣ
˺·һ
ʱɰ˹Ѿˡ
Ҳ˹Ỵ̈ҩ룬߹ʱ˶ŵŨҩζū澰ҩѾˡ
սζ̫̫˵ιҩҩֹ۵ģһҪȥ
̫̫ϰ£
̲סˣǶʱҲֻҽˡ
үռأһչκأ
ֻ̫̫ôοԼ
Сؽӹ룬¶ȺʹιȥڻԲѣҪôҩ
̫̫ԥſս˭֪սƳһۺ˵ƽ󿪡
ƽ졣
̫̫Ұ̲סüͷȴû
Ÿιһҩȥû¶ܵı飬ּιʣµġ
ҩս˰̧
ţรͼ˽
̫̫ʶһۣȻ;Ρ
รǴĲ˿Ͱˡ
ɼȻǸָСмӣ
ž˺¡
ſЩҲˡ
ЩСٷ˲õģ
ŮǴģ
ˣ
˿ƶˣ
ս˵ı飬ҲһΡרҵߣЩһͲ򵥣ֱܲó
ֻЩӡ
׼ˣսһϴ˿ڡ
ϾǸˣϴ˿ܲ
СֲģԻ·ϣֱ˸
Ҳãʹģۻ軨Ŀ¡
ȻܲԸսĻҲֻܹԹ
·˿ȫϴãȻְս˼ϸ˿İ޲
Ȼ˵λãڰײϼһƶ˿¶
ܹ˿ڽдֲ¶ɲš
̫Ըһͱɣµʱˣռһ˦
ЩͻȻ̫ˡ
չﵽôģ
˵Ҫ˿ڷǲҲԣ
Ŀԡ
ͻȻͷȣҪۿսô˵ġ
Ես߽ȥ׼ʱŵ˵չҿԸ֡
ȻսǳؾܾˣҪȥ
ЦҪǿ֣񲻾֪ˣ
ʱô˽͡
ѲɻҪΪˣװ
ҪôίԼ
ҪΧۣս˳ȥ
˶ȥսŴһأóԼĹ߿ʼɻ
Щ˿ڶС£ؼ߹Ƕ˺üûѪö
-

169 ȱð̵

սʱžһֱĵ档
̫̫Ҳͷţȴҿš
ʱս˵ȴͷ˿
ϢǴͬġ
ս˻ʱ򣬺ͬܶڿ֣ԿһĻ
ߺ󣬾˸ҵ˴
ʱȺףǶɣҿ϶Ҫˡ
Ծ˶˼
˸˵㱦Ǿ˵ˡ
ҽѾ϶Ȳսѧ˲һµҽ͸˵Լܾȡ
ž˾սԲ
Ϣô˿
Ȼһֱڼʲô֪
ϢΪͨ
ɼˣϢʱҲˡ
ƫƫЩԽԽţսҽֻ˳
дԣ᱾ܾȵģսҽ׼ᣬһҶץ
ȻսȸҪûʲôëЩԣ֪ˣϽɱ˼ҡ
һؼҾսĶ

褺ܿƫԺ
Ҳ˹ȥףˡ˺ҥáھˣ
ǰ˵ҧһͻȻ̧ͷǳˬص褣ʲô˼òھѵɱã
˵͸Դһơ
Ƶص
űף㿴ʲôûӰ
ĬĬ˷ñӣף㿴ҪôѾԽԽˣҪǰʷϡҲ֪Щ˾͸蹷һŻҪҧһڡ
Ҫ֪ʷǸġ
ʲôϲ
еĻ˽͵͵һȷٵӡ
һЩģЩԼԹ٣еʲô紵ݶ͵ˣԩԩ
褾ûٱʷԶЩ˸ûøС
ĻüͷЩʷҲǷǳûкøС
ջؾǾͱʷˣֱˣǰ˲ͣ
ִԣǰʷĻŮ
ô죿
һֱ벻ð취Ϳʣô
俴۽յķţ͵ҽǶȥڵԲ˵ŲҽǾذ͸ҽˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
˵ˣǰֵɽ󶪸ҽȥͷۡ
ˣԼʵȱðˡ
Ҫ˸ҽȥ϶Ҳ֪᲻
ǿɳܵĶˡ
ֻ뵽ҽΪˣ־еʹԥһ£˵ⲻ̫׵ҽ¸أǻ˰ɡ
ôȥҽеġ
̫̫һֱŶ͵̲ס˵ȥҽǶҽ˵ˣȲˣ
һһõؿʲôˣ
ֻŸ˵û⵽Ա߻иİŮˡ
Ҫ̫̫һֱڽֵͷΧɰˣע⵽
̫̫ٷ;ú£ϵãĴ磡
˵°裬ɱ˲գۣǵǾֻ·һ
ոձһɣҪ
ﻹеӻػ
һ䣺ӡ
˵̲꣬ס̫̫ҽ˵Ȳˣ
̫̫ͦţŵͻȻûôˡ
ŵѯʣͷʵ˵ҽȷʵô˵ģ˵죬׼¡չ˵ܾȣ񸾡񸾾
⻰ɫʱøѿ
ɭؿ̫̫ñ˵ģ
ֻ̫̫ڵ褾Ҫүŵõ͹ˣ񸾲ңչ˵ԣĴңϣܾȻ๫͹ϵشӦˡ
褵ŭҿȷʵǹϣѧҽŲһ£ȻҲˡҪɷˣʲôõ
̫̫ŵ嶼ſ˵ϣ˵˹Ȼǲֲչ˵ģôֵܹͷϣ
ҷ
һһˣһô죿
ֻ̫̫ܾӣսս˵չ֮ǰѾ˵֤ܹ˾ȻһС
Ҳչ˵ܹȻ๫Ը⵱ţҪ๫ˣǾ񸾾ҹչ
ԩչԸչ֤񸾾Ҳչ
-

170 ǲ

ô˵Ҳٹ
±սԼģֲ̫̫ͷϡ
褺ˡ
žصһۣСŻ˭أ֣ȥҽ̬ȿŵˣ
Ż̫ҽ褵Ļ͸ı⡣
Է׷ףѾִˡ
Ҫǰ̫ҽ뵽ᣬǾ͵ǸЩʷѱ
ҽ
Ǹ϶ǻ˵ģ̫ҽԺе̫ҽҲȲ
Ҫ˿ʵ
Ȼˣαô鷳
ҽ
Ҳ˺֪ܶ࣬ҽ׵ģתȥˡ
ȥʱҽҽ
ѾЩԣЩס
Ȼսţϲñӳˡ
óս峺һûУŰˡ
˵ҪˣȻ˵㣬˵أ
һСѣͷЩۣʵЩˡ
ԵһЩѯʵʱҽս˼䡣
ʱҽڰս͡
ʵͦ׵ģЩôôģ²ɣ͹մǲںˡ
˽۾ͰˣȻʡ
˵ԼȲˣմˣǰ˾Ȼţ
ʲôë
ҽ췢ˣ˭֪ΧǰͻȻһˡѾӾܣ
һĻҽ
褴ɷذǰܵץ˵Ҫץǻȥʣ̲סҡҡͷ
ռСҲ̫ˣѹЩ˶֮Ψֲ
ҲҵģǸβĴ򣬿ɹܲ¡
ӽ£ҲŪ
ҽΪר̹ץЩҥˣҲû¡
˭֪ץ˺󣬾Ȼ˹
ҽͻȻֺܲõԤС
ѲɣСģ
ܿ죬ԤоӦˡ
ֻƤЦⲻЦ˵ҽ
ҽ˳ǣǧԽԽˡ
ҡ褿ɲɵóָñӣϿҵ˵ЩͽһúܣĳǲֵһЩѹƲסǡ
ô˵Ҳں˵˵
ץˣֵ׺ЩЩôܻԹʵ
ֲǵСѲɻҪЦӭϥ
ôܣ
ҽ̬ͦ䵭ǧȻѾץˣǲǸûȥˣϷĶЩˣɾסš
ЦʵĳҽġҽѾͷԡ
ȻЩȴһľˡֻϾѧҽʱж̣Ҹ㣬ϣҽܹȥһˣæˡ
ҽüͷ˵̫أϷȲ
ȥ
ƣ˭ȥ˶Ȳˡ
ûҪһˡ
⻰ЦݶʱΣк֮£ҽΪ򣬸⣿
øոѧһҽпž˵ĳ֮ģҽ¸أѵҪȥ𣿡
ҽǳ鴤̲ס褷˸̵ۣԭǧҲ֪к֮¡
⻰˵̫ˡ
褵ɫеڣҽ⻰ʲô˼ĳδɱ᲻֪к֮£
Ȼ˵㣬ɴûв
϶ƾʲôô˵
ҽʱЩͰա
˲ٹɱ˲գ۵ĴԣȻûʲôøС
ȴûȥЩԾǼ١
褡
ȷʵӦá
Ϊ飬ҽֻ̾ˣϷ͸һ˰ɡϷðѳ˵ǰͷϷľȲᣬڸϷʵΪ
褼ȥ̬Ⱦͺ˲٣޷ֻҪҽܹʱסСٰ֤ͺá
ҽ⻰ٴ̾
ôãմѾˡ
ȥԺܲʱסСûаա
մѧ˲һµҽЩ츳Ҳܰ˾Ȼ
᱾˵أմ֣֧ܲŵڶ
˵ǸϹȥʱѾˡ
ҽεţ˭֪褴ƫԺžȻմỹͷ
ſڻиĴȥøȹϵһ
ҽŽյŴ̲סֻɣմòǰˣҳɣ
ԥһ£Ǹ򣺡ļҽݵģЩʲô
һ۾ϳøϽ˸񣺡ԣҽ
ҽ̲ס˼Ĺ͹
-

171 뺷ս

ҽĿ⸴ӵؿԣԽԽ˼͹
û˼۰Ͱ͵߯ˡ
ҽϽⶼûأòô񣬿˵
ԣʵվֱˣȴһǶɵЦɵһ
ҽʱЩΣûɵġ
ǸɵСӡ
ҽʵҲǱģɿˣ
ԣŴɵЦлعʵ˵չϴϵ˿ڡ
ҽЦЦʵʲôˣ
չ̫ˣϸһײȻӦ˿ڵλüһӣ㴦˿ڡ
ԣ̾˵ˣ˵Ҫ˿ڷҽ𣿡
ҽĻ˶ˡ
˿·һ
ƺԡ
λչﾹȻܹķӣ̫ˡ
ֻϧԻ̫Щ
˿ɲЩ˿ڡ
ؼǶ߹ǣŶЩݣڸ
ˣΪ׼£
ҽҡҡͷս
ĵģչ˾ţͷϳ
˭֪һȣ͵һʱ
ҽʮ⡣
ΪλչŲ
ǶĻܶô
Աһʬ£
Ѳɣỹû
ǲ
ʱ䲻ϹȥҽҲԽԽӡ
յķڴ򿪣ȫŵؿ˹ȥ
ս˳ȥȻûϸְŹˡ
һֱȺ̫̫̳˳չ๫𣿡
һֱڣѾˣֻǿž
սĮû̫࣬ȱȥȥϴ軻ɾ·ٽȥ
ҽ⻰̲סʵỹţ
սҽ˵òȷŶ㰡ǻţܻþͿˡ
·ղŲھˣֻ˸Ϸ
ҽû
ôˣŸһС
ֻЩ棺߹Ƕ˺üڸҲˣôģ
ĺܺ棬ѧ˲һҽչʲôİ취ˣ
սȻ˵Ű
ҽһţ
Ǹ˼
ʱֻ̫̫ͬⷬǰһڣҡҡ׹
սҽһۣ·˵ôô򵥵ĵ
߹Ƕ棬ܸܲŶƤɣȻֱпٸϡ
̫ⷬ뺷ˣ˵ҽ̫̫ţײ褣̲סĿ쬵ġ
𾪵ؿսֱţ뿪ﲻһ꣬Ůͱô뺷ˣ
뵱ŮҲˣˣӣھȻ˵ӣ
˿ƶˣ
ؼǿˣܸ˷ȥ
ǿǻˣ
̫أѾˣϾû
ԣҲУ
Ůôܸأ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿսҲӼˡ
ɱˣڶǵѪɽϵǹ⡣
ĲɱɱֻȲѡ
ΪҪǲɱˣ˾ͻɱ
ǣúôǸεεĹңôôô뺷飿
˿ƶǺٸ˷ȥ
Ͳܹɳ飡
ԣ
á
ܲ

褼װԼһ㶼£Ǹᵱ滹ţܽȥ𣿡
ѽ
ƶַˣȻû
ҽ˵Ȳ
òͷӺ˵˵ɣ
褺ɵؿҽҽӵ۾
У̫ˡս˵˭Ҫȥû·Һòװ˾ȻɲǸˡ
ˣ
Ŷȷʵ̫ˡ
ǿţǷġ
Ҳ̫ˣȻôڶû
ҽҲôģǺܿͷӦ
԰
ҿʱۿžҪˡ
СûͰˡ
ôƶˣỹܻţ
ⲻԾ
ʲô
ҽ뵽ȥˡ
Ȼս˵˭׼ȥŶҴȥο
ҽֻȵؿŽյķţĵ˵չϷĲܽȥϷҽУҪиʲôףϷ˵ܱס
˵˲оǲУ˭Уû
ЦǸЧҩġ
ҪҽȥŸȻúúõģô룿
ôҲϼ졣
ʱҽ㷢ˣҲֻΪ󣬳ҩԼ˹
-

172 ɱ˿ħ

սҽȥɰùǺ
ƵصսһͻȻŤͷ˵үɷΪϷ׼ͷϷס졣
ԥһ¾ʹӦˡ
ҽҽܲڼ˳˿
ᣬҲ֪ܻá
ҪͻȻˣҽڻһ¡
ſɲűŮҽ
ʹû˻Ҫ˿ƶǵģ
ҪǴȥҹŮñ˵ɱ˿ħ
뵽ͷһݣ̾ؿڳһۣ£˭Ҳ׼˵ȥȻĻ
Ȼû˵ڳ˶֪Ǹв
˭Ҫǹܲס죬žԲŹ
ҽҲɫүģϷһϡ
ԣæҲ˵ĳʲô֪
ؿһۣûɡ
ģ֪ܶܡ
ʲôëǰѸ֪һ
ԴһʵȻҪй¶˲˵ܣԺ˭β
ˣŻǲҵġ
ҽ£ž׼˿ͷҽԣһס¡
ԣȫûϲʤ
ҽż˽ӴżĻᣬĿܾܾ
˵ҽָҽأ
ս»ŷţ˭ҲܷŽȥ󣬾Ȼ˾Ժ
æһ磬ˡ
Ѿǰ˷ˣսصԺͳˡ
Ѹ˶ӣȻѯ߷ǱߵĽȡ
ǶţһֱԲȣܵտ
տ
Ƿʲôĵôţпָס
ҽԣڣᣬЩȥ
רŵ߷սڴʱ򣬾ͻͼֽöร˹ȥ߷ơ
߷˶࣬ҷֹܿ͸˳
ʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ֻǵʱ˵˼ϣ˭ҲûĴʲôԡ
ս극ʱ߷ǱѾʮ׳
Ϊܼ򵥣ֲҪ廨ĺܿá
̫̫Ҵϴ裬ɾ·۰Ͱ͵صȥᡣ
ûпˣỹţ
ƶˣ˻ܻ
սѾɴ˰õķ׿ּ򵥽Ȼ̫̫ϡ
̫̫ź֪ط֣սϴ·Щ֡
ڸû˼룬ֻǿ˼ֵۣᡣ
սԴȥſѾ󺺣ӦŰŵġ
̫̫߹ȥʶҪȵȣڲܽȥ
ս俴һۣһѳ¿֣Ҳܽȥ
һ£ŷӦǸϵӡ
ǸϽÿˡ
սϿ֣Ȼ̫̫׼߽ȥ
˭֪ͻȻˡ
ս̫̫ϵķ̲µ˹ؼܽȥˣҲȥ
սһۣ²ģƺǳ棬˵öรһףϺ͹ɡ
ЦЦȥ
̫̫ˣЩ졣
褾ʱֻʵ̫ˣ
úܺÿȴܰ˸
ЦʱҲƤЦⲻЦģ͸һ
˭֪ȻҲЦ
̫̫̲סսһۣﰵţλչﻹ
սȴѾ߿Žȥˡ
ôΪ˲Ūס
̫̫Ͻϡ
սʾſڵĴ󺺰Źϡ
˵ʱ̫̫Ѿ嵽ߡ
Űϣϸ˱ӣҲ̿裬õᱻ
Ҳ˷죬ͨ硣
ֵ̫̫ǰҪޣͻȻϾȻѪɫ
֮ǰֲĲҰס
̫̫ͻȻͿ޲ˡ
ԥһ£սչҡҿ𣿡
뿴ûɣɣժס
ǡ
̫̫õ֣ıӵ¡
һЩȷ룺
ʶֳսȥȴڸ
̫̫ʱЩԾ
λչﲻǲѧ˲һµҽ𣿶ˣ
սĴЦЦ߹ȥľҪǲȷ
ֻҪ˻ţͻԼģһ¡
̫̫ʶԼľһʼλû׼˼κ󣬺ܿܵƤµ
۾һȥġ
Ȼܿˡ

ţ
Ļţ
ģԭ˱ƶٷҲǿԻ
-

173 𾪵ĸ

̫̫κģͻȻս˵˾ι࣬ʱܳԱġˣ֪ͨҡ
̫̫Щز񣺡ҡ֪ˡ
๫Ļţ
Σ
սЦؿ˵ܻܲͿչˡҪú˵Ƚ𣿡
̫̫æͷף
˵Ǵ˼ѪһؿŽյķš
ƫƫʱ褺ƿ˽
̫̫һʶȥ
ȻŸһͱ褱ŵû˵ӡ
褾ؿһֹۣţһ˹
ոȥ·ʱţ˵·ͿԽȥ͸˹
ֲֻˡ
ߵߣľûﶼЩ𾪡
ٿ΢΢ɫ۾Բˡ
ᶼƶˣûͰˣôȻúúõģ
ѵս˵ѣûпƶǣ
һƿ˱ӣû·ϲ˺ܶɴ
Ϊɴţᵽûбƶǡ
ԥһ£ûеϵıˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
սôģ
褻ûпǰӣȴˡ
ǵᵱʱɫҰףѾһңһǻˡ
ôƶǺԽԽˣ
̫̫Աߣ¸һԲϾͰϵıˡ
๫òײŻɲٱǸ
սźһӣ˵˾ͳȥɣҶ˵ûǾȻš
ź褣
ܹ
˭뵽˱ƶ˾Ȼܻ
ƵÿսԥһºǾȳȥ
ǵʣսôȻģ
Ҫʲôİ취ǿɾ̫Ҫˣ
ÿδ̶дܶʿǱģˣʹ̫ظȾġ
ȻʲôǸȾ֪˺˿пܻõ
ܶ˾˿õġ
ᶼ˳ˣȻܱսȻʲô취
Ҫ취ܹƹ㣬ԺǲǿԼٺܶ
Ϲսؿ̫ͬûܾȻеĻǻʹġ
Щؿǵսа취ЩˣǱúúʣ
¿϶ܵ˵ʣԸܿûȤսȥˡ
ֻʣ̫̫ŵᣬ
֪ʲôʱѣֻһֱԱš
ź褸սȥ˵л㣬ȥ鷿
ս֪ʲôͷȥ鷿
褺Ƥ˹ȥʵģҲ֪
鷿ͷȻһأصսʵ˵İῪƶˣ
սʵ˵ֻǿţĶǱƬƵģҵ¡
ţ
褣
ص
Ŀˣ
źܿʣҼǵ֮ǰʱ˵úأɫˣôţϷѪɫ
̫˰ɡս˸ڣӣӻôСҪˣ¹¶ĸô
ܲ˵Լҽ̫ãָ˺ҩȪɣ
ֻҽںŪȥ
źȴô׺Ūġ
˼ˣȻ֪ʱ˵Ҫ̫ǿȷʵܹ졣
Ҳÿ
Ҫ̫أиƨã
ҪΪ̫ܻϺܶ˶ˡ
룬һʱҲȷսں˵˵ɵӺŪԼ
ǵڶ
ϾŮôԣôƭأ
ʵ˵˵㶼ʲô㵽ôģ
ǰпȻѶϵĹͷˣٰѪˣȻ¸ҩ
ս˵÷ǳ⣬·ھˣֻ
ֻĲ⣬ֻôͻȻתˣ
ô࣡
ܲǿ֮˷˰ɣ
˵ȥ
ʱͻȻʵҸղŽȥʱŵҩζõʲôҩ
Ͼ˼Ҫϸöࡣ
ս˵ŶԼҩ˲ҽ飬ЩҩˣԼһЧ
ţ
褣
ԣᣬΪҩ
ͻȻеͬô£
-

174 񱻱

սһ۾Ϳʲô̲סһۣ˵ˣһҪҽԣʱǿᡣҺò䷽ɲǷˡ
һ̱ɫ
ǲɵػ
ָ̫ˣ¿϶֪
˵ôأƶˣҪҽԣڵӣ϶ῴԾ
ս˵ûʱǿ
ҪھͰǸϳȥ
սûͬ⣺أŰɡҽʹˣȻ˵Ҫס죬϶Թˡ
ȥֳ󶯾ϸ첲ȵģֻҪţ϶ȥ
ҲԣҲͲˡ
ʣ㿴ܻ𣿡
ոտɫ;ܻ
ֻϾƶˣҲȷղŵ״̬ǲǰĻعⷵա
սȷ˵ҪõĻӦܹɣ
źһʱһΡ
ǶûлսĻΪֵ̫ˣһ㶼ѡ
ѧ˲һµҽܴܹ뵽־ֶΣҲڵҽж
ԣã̫ˣ
ԣǸҩ
뵽ʱĿƵؿսǸҩǿ𣿡
սȻӦ
õҩȫȣҩһóźһʾͻᷢ֡
ҩԲǸոտ˲һҽܹġ
Ϊ̫ˡ
սԴǵ˵ڻУҾҩƣٵ뿴ĻҰҩ˵
һҲͲҩˡ
룬ս˸⣺úõҪʲô׵ģȥҽסǼң͵ǽס޷ˡ
ǿҩţ֪ˡ
սͷЩŵ˵Ҳôġ
ҽҽǸԣҲǸ֮ġ
յֵ¡
ԣãСӻᣬʵӦúܺúơ
ҽ¸أǲ׹˳
ûϵһ㶼
𽥺תͲҽϹ
˵ûȷʵöȥҽ
ҽָ㣬ҽͻͽҲİɣ
ôһ룬սʹȥҽ
û߳鷿ܼͻȻ˵ͽˣ
սһϢЩˬ۾
˻е־꣡
ź褵ɫҲ̫ÿ
űأԣרֵġҪ뿴ᣬô죿
ѵҪŲã
˵Ƣúܡ
˵ȥλү˵пŵ£Բ֪
̽ûԲ֪˿ˡ
սδҪ֪սô뺷ô룿
ףȵȣ
Ҫŵˣ᲻ȥұ˻飿
ͻȻ취
˵УƾסǣҲȥ
˵ֶ꣬ս˵ȻȥϾûɻ飬ñӣͱˡ
ȻҪǿŮɫô죡
սҲ
˵ӣ϶Ҫٸʵס
ͦƻģ˵ᷢʲô
ԻǶŰɡ
ս·ˡ
źȥλү
ǲ²ģ̺ͳȷʵԺֵġ
ľͲһˡ
ȻΪϣҲö֮ô
˽ȥǰų
˵ʱ򣬳Ҳʵʳ̣磬˵Ǹû
俴ãѾˣ
սôƻôֳֺܻõ飿
ɲţսҪûаվˣ˴
Ǹȵ򺲣ڶŹµˣġ
ӣָÿ൱
ȣûָôŶԡ
ǳսҩ󣬾ȻѸٻָˡ
͵һҩҸҽо
ҽ˵ҩҩЧǳã֮ٽĻָȴûʲôá
ʵ벻ףսôôҩ
˭ģ
Ѳɣ͵͵˸ʦ
̺漫ˡ
¸߳ѡ
С̫ˣǹܲס졣
Ҫ֪ˣ˵ʲôʱʹ˵ȥˡ
ѣ
ʲô
ôԼ񱻱ˣ
-

175 Ϳ

ЩҪ˵ͻȻźˡ
ɫһ䣬죬ļӡ
ź褴˽ȻҪ
Ѷϣʮؿˡ
˭֪ͻȻվˣ˷ǰ˵չ˸˱֮ˣ֪ںδ
ĳѣ
װµʵ𣿡
һڣͱ̾صһۡ
ˣ˱ߡ
Ѳȥɳ̣ˬؿź褣ʦ
˭֪Ŀбӣ·ոյ˲ǡ
öЦˡ
ǵɵǵɵ
Ȼ̸ող񾯸ҡ
ίؿų̣磬ˣҲǵǸӵܵ㣬Ů·ĸˣ
̺ǺǣŮ˸ϱһܵԽԽɵˡ
һֵܾȻüȥһ
˵ỹţֻ̫ã͵һҲ֪ܳŶã
·Ѿġ
֪˲Ϸ壬üͷʼݼ
֪սֶεĳ̣
Ϳݡ
ȴѹûɣŶսѧ˲һҽܾˣɱ˻࣡
ų̵棬û侮ʯοҲ̫࣬˸ֻܹãֲ˱ˡ
ͻֻ֤ģ˱ûþˣչĴ
ȴüͷˣСŮһʱͿҲ֪ĶԽҽȻῪţ˵ܾ
ⲻǺ˼ʬ壬»СŮ
̫ˣ˹ҥСŮ²ճ
ɵˣţ
Ǹ˼
սǸῪţ
˵Ϊ˾
˵ģ
òɣ
Ҳ̫ˣһôģ
һ㶼
˿ƶ飬ǸҲδظɣ
Ѱʶ̣磬㶼˰ɣɩһ˿ƶˣ
Ҳ͵͵ų̣аԵ⣺Сθ˰ɣ
˭֪̾Ȼ治ɫȻ˵˵أҽҲ졣
ֶ֪ͨθȲͱʹ÷ǳֶΡ
ţչＴǽƶǣҲΪ˾ǵѡ
һƬľ֮ģᣬǿ硣
ĳѣ
ʲô˼
ô
սδޣҲɣ
ƫĶƫ֫㣡
ô׵ܵܵ
ظӣˣ˭ԼԺģɩӶɣǷ
̧졣
͵͵̣ܹ𣿿ƶܾˣֻҪ˶ŵĺòã
źҲЩɵۡ
̾Ȼһ㶼⣿
սѣ
Ͳսһң˻˺ܿ
Լˣ̲סɴ۾ֱؿų̡
˭֪ͻȻǿ˹
ץʱЩΡ
˭֪ͻȻЦүģԲЩҥԣչ
Ǳδޣʲô˻顣
ŵɫ˲ˣӾ˻飡
ȴЦøˡ
˻飿
ܣ
붼롣
Աˡ
ܿ˵뿴ᡣ
ⲻУŶʱˣֱ׳˵ھ͵һүɷ̫أҪǿᣬϾͻ
⻰̸ʹɫ㿴Ȼô˵㣡̫ˣ˵øƵġ
Ƴһۣȴ˵ȻˣȻȥˡ
𾪵ؿôˣǲû˶ûҪȥˣ
ȻѾȴʼˡ
߳ŵʱԴЩκġ
Ƶؿų̣磬Ǿôȥˣ㻹ǵʲô𣿡
ţǵãȥɡ
ȷʵ뿴û
ȻûпˣĿҲﵽˡ
᲻ǸСǻϡ
ֻսҪž
ԽǲȥᣬԽ˵ڵ
ᱻˣߵֻʣһžҸ˵սῪš
Ҳǹˡ
ᵱ汻ŶֻƸ˵սģ
žȻҲܾ
սǸ˭ѧĹŹҽ
ҽȲˣȻȻˡ
ôģ
-

176 ᱻ

ѰԹصţ磬ǻûء
𣿡ذһۣ𣿷ǵü˵ôأҪ˭ģ
ѣ
ˣ
ıˣ
۾ֻս׵ܵܶûλˡ
̵һۣߣ
ίظϣԼ̫ˡ
бˣ

԰ѳ̺ͳͳȥ˹š
Ȳ̬ȣ͸Ƶġ
ֻǵһأͻȻȻ򣬷Լشˣ
⣬ʧˡҸղžͲ˵Ĵ϶µ
褣
εʣ׸ղΪʲôҪ˵
üͷȻΪ֪Ѷˡ
褳ˣţѵ
սϣ˾һΪʲô¿飿
ϺͿˡ
Ųˬصʲô񣿸ӣ
褰㲻飬治ɫ˵׿ˣôף
һ
ʡĵĳСӣ
ˣȻ
ǹ
Ϊ˱Ů
褼һֱüͷȰױ̫ˣѾͻµʲôҲ˵ȥ
ƵŭһӵȻ֪϶˵ȥڵĵǣȻ֪ˣ϶ǲ˻ˣ
褣
Ĭһ˵пʵ֪Ҳ˻顣
ʲôմأ
úݺݵ㡭ˣӲ˵ˣ
褰̣˵
ƳһۣµڸԼ̲ˬ˵ȥ
ôʰСӣ
֪˭ӣ
褷ɿɫȻԴǵ˵ףӻûȥֵˡ
𾪵ؿҪ˵ЩʲôȴͻȻܵ÷ɿ죬ѹڵĻᡣ
ˣ褵ıӰ𣺡ͷˣ
褷˸ۡ
ͷ
ôܣ

һصţ˸û
ϢͨսһҴȥϢʹ˰ǣ᲻֪
ֱֲӴȥûֻˡ
һô˶Щ
Щ˺
ûǰɣ
֪ã
϶ǲ˵ȥģҲҪʲô˵ͷᴫø֡
Բ˭ʣֻ˵ỹţһҲ͸¶
˱ǲŵģǼһ㶼ţ־Ӧûš
ȻĿô򶨣
ǲ֪صܻá
ҲǻãոܰԼճɷӣܹ˼Ҳ˵ȻԼը
ǿǲˣ˵رأҽ˵죬Ȳ
չȻȥΣҲ֪ôġ
˵Ű裬ϲñӳ
ѵˮ֮䣬ˣ
뵽ܣ˸¡
ǿɲսɻʲô⾰
˭Ҳ֪ڵѾ˺ܶ࣬ͷڲϷ͡
ʷ˷ܻȥдһƪĵӡ
ֻд֮ԥˡ
ӵҪҪȥأ
ʿɶ׸ˣڻûأ
ҪǵⵯӣòҲɣ
뵽ͳʿ³˾͵սľյдõӡ
ҲƢӲģսεȷڲҪ޶þΪŰԴ⣬Ҫ糯ʱֱӵ
ʹҲйעͷԡ
սĶϱҪ˵ʵ۵飿
ᵽûأ
ѾͷҲǣѧ˲һµҽô͵쵽Ҿˣ
ǾҽȲ˵ˡ
ⲻû
ۼֱġ
ֱǱߴϢ˵ỹţ˿
ֻ뵽糯־ͷˡ
ֱϿҪ޵ʱ۶ڵ¡
̲ס˵Ҫ˵˻ᱻ𣿡

͵͵۵ɫ˵ɵշ˶ģȴ޼ŭϲԲ췣ǲģûϲǲή췣ġ
룬Ҳԡ
үǺܽģȻѵʱҲһֱסλӡ
˵Щ죬廹ǲġ
ȻүôǾ˵ү۾϶ѩģ
뵽ͻȻˡ
϶˵ͷۡ
-

177 ʲôס֣

۾ͷ
ȥŻʺЩط֣ŻʺȻһ㶼ģ
۲⣬ȴֲ𣬾Żʺ󻹲֪£˵˷ġ
̽ʵͯ񲻴ʲôϲ𣿡
Żʺһۿ˼Ц˵ڵ԰ɣѾ˵ˣѾͷھˡ
һѾ֪ˣҲͲô˼ˡ
ʣһ㶼ģ̫أȲ
Żʺȴƶ˵²Щ飬ĴʧˣѾͷǸģûаյ飿
һʱȻ
ǰѾͷǴû
״Ԫ¥ӡˢǦʣˮ࣬úǳˮͰ
ÿβģͰˡ
ϰ÷ϣѾͷ鷳󲻽˳ȥҲ׻ˡ
뵽ͻȻ˵㵹ˣڻͻȻСӻһԡ
̴СǸСǰŻʺû˹ܵסСӣ
ҲǸСǸų̺֡
С첻ҪϷߣˡ
ŻʺЦ᣺˱»ʶˣ̶˸ϱ̶϶ϲѾͷġ
ۺһģҲϲ
Żʺ˵ˣʱ䲻ˣ컹Ҫ糯°ްɡ
뵽糯ٴͷˡ
ǣ˯ǵúú˯ġ
Ҫǽ첻˯糯øͷˡ
ܿ׼˯

ͬʱ
ƫԺ̫̫ǿž񣬽ŵؿ²ʡᡣ
ʱʱҪ֣Ķͷûзȡ
ΪϣֻһԹʮֻ谵
谵ĹĻԵøĿ
̫̫һֱϣҹ¶ȵͣŻ裬ǾЩ䡣
̲סϸŵ硣
ڲǺëΪ䣬⻨߼˴ӱ˺Ƥӣôһ硣
̫̫ĺëһƬ
Ȼܶ˶ѾħˣΪȻܹ˼Ҳ
ɲô˵ᶼɷ
Դ޸Ժĺá
Ժã˵ɻǰйͨѾߣҲԶԶشˡ
Ӳȥ¥ݣҲӲҩĲ
Ψһİþ
ǶʧܺҲԸΪҷá
ֻǿ˳͢䲼ר˼
˵ֻҪо÷ӣרȻٰרȥǾܽ˺ܶǮ
ǰĿգԺҲԴ
֪Ϊôġ
¹ݵʱûӣԲ׬һʣðΡ
ȴ룬Ȼˡ
̫̫뵽̲סᡣ
ץס֣ϴ¶ȣžðЩ
ȵģ˵š
ֻҪžͺá
ʲôˣֻܹƽƽ
ӿΣֻҪһ˶ƽƽػţʲôˡ
̫̫ţͻȻָ˶
ΪԼоˣš
ģиʲôãȴûз֡
˽ӲһҶôŵصţ뿴ָ᲻ᶯ
ԽǽŵʱʱԽԵû
̫̫Ӳţֻʱ·Ѿȥһꡣ
øղŵһжǻþʱ𾪵طֶָ֣һ¡
һֱץָ֣һ͹εġ
̫̫ʶս֣ŵؿ
Сʵ磬˵𣿡
˵꣬Ϳ۽޲˲Ȼ󻺻˿ֱ㶵ؿ
Ŀԣ˲䰲
Ƭ̣Щ±Ƶգգۣŵ˵ҡҾȻû
ΪһֱûˮɤЩɣ˵Ƶġ
̫̫һ۵ʵˣȵȣȥ㵹ˮ
սڸڷú¯ӣˮȲˡ
̫̫Ժӣһֱ¯ˮ
˵꣬ȥ˸ڡ
شİķ䡣
һ۾ϳﲻҡ
ô
˭
ǵԼʱ˵úأʧȥʶʱԤУˡ
˭֪Ȼ˹
ˣ˸Σ
Ʈ˰ǹ·ϴ˿ڡ
иŸпˡ
ŵʲô֪ˡ
뵽Ρ￴һУŵøϽ˿Լš
ȴϻűӡ
ƿӣȻ֣Ϻű
ű˿
Ȼΰɣ
ʱ̫̫˽Ķһʲôס֣
-

178 ֿ

ᱻͻĺһ˲䲻Ҷˡ
̫̫̿첽߹ȥؿ㶼ƶˣҶʲôһ˿ѿô죿ʱ˭㣿
Ȼս˵Ҫʲôÿ
̫̫ȴҴҹȥҡ
кλӶ̫ˣҪĴҹҹȥǿ϶Ź
ᱻĻŵˣʲôҿƶˣѵܵظ
̫̫úݺݵһۣϹ˵ʲôأչľ㣬ҪҺúõģչ׷ѣ
𾪵صԲ۾չ˵չ
˭̫̫װͰ͵ģȦȴܿˣºȥҽ˵˵̫أ׼¡չȴ˵ԣ˵ܾ㣬Ҿˡ
һԸ㣬Ȼ͡Ҹ㣬չǸˣζ㣬ɵüչĴ¡
һ£ҿƶˣҲΣ
չΪ˾㣡Ҫƣ㿪أ
Ͻ˵ǣ˵Ķԣ֪ˡ
˵˳˼
Ȼû˾Ȼˣ
ƶˣ˾Ȼܻ̫˼ˡ
־ֻеľ飬Ȼϣ
ѲɣλչǾֱô
̫̫࣬ˮȺ໹Ⱥˮ
룬Ⱥˮ
ʶҪնһ£Ͼʹ
̫̫һѰסʲôڻܶúţ˿ѿô죿ͷˣͲʵ
᣺ˡ
Թţι㣡
̫̫˵꣬ιˮ
̫鷳ˣȴֲҶ
Сؿ̫̫ɫοˣһġո˵ʱԼˣҾõúܣ϶ܳŹȥ
Ȼƶ˻ֵܻͦģҲûʲô
ܲĵ
̫̫Ļˮ˲ӿν
̲˲ᣬҪỻһ롣
ȴֹ鷳ˣҾͺֲࡣ
Ҫסνѵӿˡ
̫̫ô˵ΪЦιˮ
ιԺιࡣ
ԹԺûþٴ˯˹ȥ
̫̫Ķͷֲֺ󣬾ͼԱš
һֱţȻصҹǵֵסƣ˯˹ȥ

΢Ƿ׷״Ӽȥʹ
ҲҪ糯һ졣
Ϊ˸ʱ䣬öͦ硣
Ȼһ
ÿ˶Ǿӣ̲ס˹Ƿ۾Ҳģر
սǶ˵ˣ
ѾСϢ糯˻ᵯսף
ֿˡ
ǽɵúúƣ
ڣʹˡ
ڣǷ׷׿š
Ż˶⡣һţͶԽĺϷڴˡ
иűȽ佫ǣѾƤ£֪ǻ
ź˭˵û
ģҲ϶˵
ǽŽɡ
ǲ֪սῪţȴ֪ҽҲ޲ߡ
Էǳɣ˵ôأܻڣ
Ҫûŵɫô
òˣռ͵͵ʬ˰ɣ
˶ôġ
һ俴һۣĬĬӡ
Ҫе
ܿˣ糯ʼ
Ⱥɽꡣ
۾Ӹµؿţƽ
չһɤӣ࣬˳
δ䣬һʷԽڶ£࣡
ĬĬ
֪
糯϶˵
ƣⲻվˣ
ǵģбҪôȲ𣿾ȻƬ̶Ȳˣ
˶վˣܲ˹ȥ
۳ʵʷʲô
ʷͦᣬҲʮҵӣ˵Ҫ֮ŮĿ޷ͣף褷Ƿнк
۶ͷϵʼ
ȺҲɵˡ
ǰľˣкʲô˼
վ˳֮˵Щ֤Ůһʱľ˸ˣôͱʮˣ
֮Դǵ˵ˣȴҽˣһǿд
ºǿнҽ˽ȥѶȫޣһֱû߳ţүҪνͣ
ЦҽڸϲߣҲСĴ
-

179 ͻľ

ŵĻһڣ˵ɫˡ
Ͳµſ϶Ʊ磬ȴû뵽ȻôҪ
ҽֹ˵ó
ǵɵӰ
ҽߣ
ôܣ
ӻˡ
ֱ֮Ц˳ҪƱ磬ҲҸõɣ˵ҽߣÿЦ𣿡
ؿ̬ȱţҪţھͿȥҽʣû˵ѣ
˵һֽ˵СŮĿ޹ֵ޶ڼϣ£ŽǶ˺
СŮǿдغõó֤ݣˣǱ̧ȥģӿѵ߽ȥģ
СŮȣΪûȣҾôԶľ룬Ѳưˣ
⻰һ̲ס˵ͷ
ǰͷֻǴ˵մǿдظȴû˵˷
֮ȴϾô䣬žڽƱ磬Դǵطմ˭ûŰҲƽҷ
ŭɶò֤ݣȴҪŮˮˣָ췢ģСŮδȹˣҽҲԼ
Ͳ֪Ҳҷģε˽ģԩˣҪ׺䣿
֮
Ȼң
Ǵαڶء
˭Һҷģ
һıأʱɾͳ׻ˡˣ˭׵ģ
֮ȻӲ񣬺үĪҪʳ
ſɲŹعЦ㲻ҡ
֮
ȴųҪǸҷģ˵ȫ˽ģһһӡû뵽ȻĵûУǸث֣
⻰̫ˣô˵ֱֱ֮ƻɺޣ
֮˲Ǻŭصţţ̫
ν˲˲Ҷ̡
žȻڳϣٹٵ֮Ǹث̵֣֮ˣ
㵹ǷİӲʲô̬ţ˵͵֣µط˸ģȻ֮˵ʷˡҪǲҷģ˰ҽʡ
֮ҧҧ͵͵һۣϣֹܳ
žȻڳϴͷģʲôӣ
Ȼһ̧ۣͿϾؿƺڵġ
֮˲ҪѪĳ嶯޲ۡ
һƺڿģ֮ʱĿʹ
ʵڶֻðװݲȵӣֿʼģϣ£֮Ǵ֮ŮϣԼ褣Ը׺䣡
˵úСģ˵ˡġ֣Ҳ˵ֻйս褣Ҫ
ʵ֤սǱԩģֻҪǹǾͲ
֮ĥεһΪûа˽ģҲڹԾ㷢ģҲϡ
˭֪䣬Ͼʹһѵذ
ͻףŵõ˷׷ױɫ
֮ŵýһ˵ϡ
ԭվڴ룬߾ֻͬվš
˶ñȽԶ
Ȼһ죬Щȴ˲һԶЫ
ŸǴ˵£ʹʷȥ˵ط
˵һ֮ɱ˳ȥ
۸жѣŹȻĹôΣյʱ򣬶ǵĻ԰֮˳ȥ˵ط
̫ðˣһ㶼Լİο
ҳΪӣһЩôˣ
źЩҲ覲褡
˭֮ȵŹŮӵģ
ܲ
ӱˣĿ϶Ÿ
ŵȴǸڵٹ˸ѣ˼غšݡҪܣȴ̺ߵ˵ϡ
̸˵ʲôʷѾȥˡ
ʱɱȥִ˽£ղųȥ˵ղǵײδгƺ˹⡣
˻һ˶һ㶡
Ȼ˹⣿
ô˵ղŵף֮ûϵһжֻɺϣ
뵽ܣе˾̲ס֮ͬ
ʷҲ߯ˣôƫƫôأ
Ȼعȥղŵ׵
ûãʹ˻
-

180 ֱ

Ľóڵ˶ܳԾ
Ϊеģң
һԷ
ǣײݶ˸ŵ̿衣
˻֡
æžȻַھҲڰæ
Ϣ˵ı鶼ùŹ
Ǹϵõţ̲סЩͬˡ
ǡʲô
ĵ֮ôͷˣ
̫ˣ
Ѳɣ˵Ҫ׺䣬ҪΣһҲ
ǵˣʲôʱأ̫ͬˡ
͵͵ֻ
Ȼ˸Ҳࡣ
Ȼ˶ֻͬľӶࡣ
̾˿ȥҿ𣬲ûӡ
˵еңˮ飬һӿˡ
ûַھӶڰžȻ
˭Ҳȣһӿ˵ҪյھӼȥˡ
ܿ˴ȥˡ
ͷ֮ʵ£ʷţ˾ţȻؼ죿
һ˲ұݶϴӦˡ
˭֪֮᲻ᱻأ
һڹﱻˣǿɾ̫ˡ
ҪǮ޲Ҳ롣
۹ϸ֮˼٣ؼ
Ȼţ뵽Ҳ˶ģָҲ˼١
ͬʱţԺɲ˷ˡ
Σܲˡ
һҲؼ˹ȥ
ֻģҲͬġ
뿴ŻǸʲôӦ
ȴЦл˶ϻؼȥˡ
ˣװİɣװİɣȻЦó
ŲŲô룬ֵߵ߻ؼȥˡ
飬ͲŻ˸ҵ
ϳ̫ˣҪؼҿŮ

褺֪֮ܿģֱ¡
̶ĸϢȥ˵ʷģźС
ĸЦƨϢҪǴȥҪ֮ˡ
褸Цȴסʷ
ĸ붮ǧҪеʷ
褾ؿһۣĪҪϹ£ʷְֱ
ĸЦǣ˵öԣְͰϢųȥ
ʷְԲֱ
ŸǧˣҪָʷأ
ͷƽͷտɲϢŴžʧ档
һʼʷ֪ĸʷ
ǰĹҪʱ򻹲
˾ȻҪǵɾͶˡ
ǧ̫Ӣˡһƺ
˵֮Ҳͦƻķĵʱ򻹹ǿ
չҴԩģֻҪ֮Ǵǲ֪߲֣
治Ǹѹ־չҴ˲š
ĸһܿȥˡ
ûãͷβ֪£ԽԽš
Ѿĸʷˡ
˺ò˻ƣϢ
˵ûǱڵùǺ
֪֮Ĳź񵱳ѪȻҳ鴤
dһҪҧͷϽȥָҧסͲɿȵȳʱѾ˿ɼǡ
һ
ȥ̫ҽ̫ҽܿ͵ˡ
˵﷢
ЩԸţǰûëôͻȻˣ
ǿɲ֪кпܻ
Ǿ͸Ӳ֪ˡ
Ϣ󣬺ܶ˶˱Ӧ
һ˭ûɹ£ûʲôܱΣͻȻӴ
˿ǧܷŹ
ĲȻؼˡ
ͱڳѪһֱûá
˾ţִټԷӳƼء
ֱѪ﷢
˺ܿԶ׼˥ȥɫҰˡ
·ֻʣһ
˶ˡ
ڿɲ
Ҫˣdû綡ǣТ꣡
dôǹ٣ҲܲμεĿƾ٣
ǴТ
˵飬١
dھǸԺޣֲ͢ȱɣô飿
ҪԼҪ飬ñĭ
͸ˡ
ڼװ֪С
Բ
˾Ͳ̫ҽˣµ̫ҽһҪס
̫ҽ㷡
ǽˣ
˵ζûֱϣɶͷϣ
ѲɣҪ
ǾȲأ
-

181 ʵڲǾֻ

̫ҽȵ£ԻǸȡ
ʵڲ̫ãҲʱסܹŶãұ֤ˡ
̫ҽ󣬸˵ҩȻͶ˵ֻˣϷҽޣʵΪǻɡ
˵꣬dϵˣȻ󲻹˵̾Ϣ뿪ˡ
ߺ˵ɫǳÿ
ɺɵ㶵ʵո˵Щʲô˼ʲôΪѵȲ𣿡
ž
˵꣬ͱdݺݴһơ
㻹˵d˫ۣ߳ŭصҪ㣬ô
ɺѾˡ
ðΣŴŷ磡ȻңʲôϵǼ飬ҲͬİҡǼ²԰ŵֻǸ飬ûʲô
⻰һһԵɵˣղ⻰ʲô˼ʲôǼ飿
˵dʵʲôűƣǡ
ǣdæϹˣɺɺӺͿˣں˵˵ʲôû
ȴţûҪʲôûôᱻǸģ˵ľˣҪ׺䡣
շ궾ûþͱˣ˵ʲôûʱˣѵ㻹Ҫ£Ϊʲôߵ
Ҫ֪ʲôôᵱڷĶģ磬Ե𣿿ȿȿȡ
˻ߵ˵꣬ͻȻؿ
ǴˮֱӾͲˡ֮һֱ㷲ʣµ׻¡
ֱüȥûٱ˿
˭ֱ֪ˡ
Ѫ
ЩĵҲಡ齣ǲá
Ҫǽֱﻹ˻æžȻڴء
뵽Ҳ¡
ףȻǴСã
ÿడ
ڸ׻Σˣܲܳŵƾٶ˵
ҪǸȥˣôμӽĴǣ
뵽һʱȵøˣѪ˳
ŵĸ׽ϾŲѣæȥ̫ҽ
ٴ
̫ҽȻŭģλ̫ҪԴܴ̼
Ҳ˵ҩȳš
̫ҽߺ󣬽Ͼͳסˣֱӽd顣
ϣͷ۵ֳԴ̾dڵҲҾ㣬ʲô㣿
d⻰ͻȻֺܲõԤС
üͷԥһ²̽ʵôͻȻҪʲôֱ˵ɡ
ϱ˵̫ҽĲΪ룬λҽԡȻҽ֮ҽ϶˵а취
dһ⻰˿
ˣΪ
ʱֽ˵ϧҽǲϷˡ
d˵ģ½ҡȥˣҪǲϷˣҾ͹ſڣͲţǸһֱˡ
ôУһҪ¹ɫ˲ͱˣһˣƾʲôǣ̽ɣ𣿡
dɫһ
ȻԸռ¹򣬿ǵʱԸΣ
dοϣ𼱣ֻȨ֮ơǵſڣֻ˾Ű裬ǵ
ȴ˵ҲУҪҲȥ㲻ܹ򣡡
dϽȰɣҺ͵ܵڣȥռ¹ڼţȥռҪˣδظҿ˲š
Ҫýȥռ¹ȴڼϢԺ飿֪˻ô
ԾԲýȥ
d̬ȼֲֻȥˡ
Ȼd֪ǣ뿪ûãϷ˾˽Ͻ˹ȥ
ϵʱϷڴϡ
ԴŵòˡҲأֻʹˣȲˡ
Ϸͷϰӣ˿ġ
Ͻʵ˵δ󲻺ˣģ
Ͽʵ˵
Ц˸ѣ˭˵ģǻ̫ҽдʰˣdѾȥҽҽ˿϶а취
Ϸ׷ʣҪû취أ
⡭ðβŸЦҽҽôû취أ
Ϸ˴ҪҽҲУǾֻëdϲˡ
ϴ󾪣
-

182 

ʮּ򲻿ɰϲҪôˣ˻ôd
кβɣҪиһd͵ôǹ٣綡ǣҲܲμδǣ
ϲܹȻdǹٶǣҲܿƾ١
ң¾кβɣ˵лôˣܺùǰ̣
Ϸ˵⻰ɫˣ·˵ⷬѾ̫
ΪѣǾϲҲδáҳ¼ҹԴˮ󣬲Ҳûá
ӡһ޹и̡˫d
ԭϷ˳ǣбʵѡ𣿳ʱ򣬻˭Ը޹ϲ
ҳ飬˭ҰŮ޵Ǽңοǳϲ
dͳѾ˻ԼdȢ͵˻顣
һ˻飬d۵㣡
ˣǳ¼׵
ѾҪǸdףⱲ˭ȢԸ⣬Ҳ޲õ˼ҡ
ܹó㹻򶯳¼ң¼ҿ϶Ӧ˻顣
ʱѿ
˳˻ˣļҵĹԸ޹ϲ
˳dҲҲõˡ
ͻȻȥˣǹٻ綡ǣȥԺɻdλã
ʱҲˣûйֻѣ
Ȼȴõѡ
ҲֻŻԸ޹ϲ
ûѡ
ȴʼղϴӦ˵˼ϱףϱ֪Ϊ˫dá
ǡϱǾóĹﲻУһеĻ£ǳĹǳ
սˮôкЩ飿û޹ͰǼҿ˵ôңҪ޹үܺ𣿡
аޣҪǼͻȻ£뷨˻ˣ
óң
Ϸ˿Žѿɫ۾㲻˵һˡ
ս÷磬ɺսûܵóѣսһ˺ô
ʱս˵Ǵˮɺ˳ԳŽˮ
һ⻰ͻˣææں˵˵ҧɺҪˣ
Ϸ俴Σ
㶵ؿ⻰ʲô˼
㣬սǹҧǼɺΣŮµδޣ
˵Ļ˭ҷ˭Ǽɺ޹ģǳô룿ó¼ֻô룿
ǵģԼҺӿ϶ûѵ·˲ô룿
ˮһó¼ûԹ
ǰɣd̽ɣԺǰƽ
¼ҾʲôԹԣҲɵ˵ڣ㿴ǼңҶʲôˣ
ⲻ֪¼Ҳأǳ¼һԸѳ޹ϲ˵ɿëd
ǲԸ⣬͵ưɣ˭ԸѽεεŮ޵Ǽҳϲ
ǡϱϷ˵ĻŻˣ˺һ˵ǳ¼ҪǲԸ⣬ҡ
Ȼû˵꣬ͱϷ˺شˣͱǸ仧ˣԸ⣬Ҳͬ⣡
¼ҺôЩҵףֵҲǶģ϶гϢ
ʲôҪǮûǮҪûˣǿӷӲǣ
dģȻȢҵЩֶŮô뺦
ѾҲٸԭְûæԺdڳоֻܿҰģ
ëdȢֶŮܰīdֻϫdĺȣ
ϱϷ˵ȴҲ֪Ϸ˵û
dҪһܹӸңҲС
ؿdȢɨǣʵڲġ
Խϳ˼һ˵dѾȥҽˣҽа취ʵû취ϱȥ¼ңϲ¡
УëdȥϲǴ£dԳϣȻ¼ҾӦҪסǣ
Ϲ˳شסеĲʣǣϱˡ

d֪Ůϲ¡
ʱѾ
źΪɵĴţdһȻɿ۵׵
Сǰš
ܿŴһ죬濴һۣʵ˭а𣿡
Сæ˵ɸϵģҼүأҽͨһ
-

183 ϧʱ

һҵˣɫ˲ˡ
Ҳ˵ҸԸΣ
һλ˵ɺϣΣɺ
ǻŧɥȻүҪ
ֻǸµˣҲ˵
Ӵҵ˭أԭǱ˵ɸϵ˰
Цһ߳ȥСƣԶ㣬ĵأ
ǼˣȻҵģ϶Ҳʲôö
ɱһ
С˻δ߷߲ѡӣܿͱƵĺˣֻܼطѪˣҼү⣡
Ц⣿٣˭ţһ⣬Ҳ⣿
ҪүǺүүȥˣ
ɼүǳ۾ģ˻µģһܣ
ӿŵױĸеĸǸϧ̵ʱָˣҲû
ž
ģԼһ˵Ĺʣӡ
Ҫľãܲ
ָ޷Ҳһ
ҪѹÿɾǱҲûڶ첲ϵļ¡ǱС˵ĴȻ֣
dС˾Ǹͨˣﶥס
dСʶdȥ
Ūɳ׾˴£ûҼ硣
dҲһӵھҪŭ˵ĳҽΪҸ
˶֪ҽ𣿡
ۿdʶˣ֪dӣ̽ɡ
ҪƴƤӣ϶dĶ֡ʱd˵˵һͨҪdƵóѣ
˵dǹģ
ôһ룬̾ţȥ֪ͨҽ
˵ͽȥˣţƵģ
dɫˡ
ӽȥȴûֱȥҽȥ֪ͨš
š
ŵϢûйҽֱ˰ҽ˹Ȼ˵dͷҪȥȥɣҪҪȶԼ
ˣȻΣ
ѵۻһεˣ
ȥջô
d̫ˣԺȴǸĵط
û˰ģdںԺҲеİˡ
ܹΪ̽ɣѧ϶еġ
ֻϧʱ̽ɵǸˣǵ
۲ϻλûãĵѡ̽ɣܲӦ
dʱûġ
ǰһʮ꣬˹Ŀܡ
ĵˣʲôõĵģ
ڵ侮ʯĶˣԼ󷽷ذҽͳȥ
Ҳ֪ͦ񵽵оûȣ
ҪֱӾȹãҪǾȸɾͲˡ
ֱûȣһغǾ͸˼ˡ
뵽ʲdЩֻ
ҽܿȥˣȵ顣
dţҽһӻҲЦ
ֻһڣۣҽڳˣ
ҽɨһۣв̽ͷ̽ԣ˵˵Ϸ֪ͨϷֻϷʹˣȽŲõˡ
d⻰һľ³˳
û뵽ҽȻ˵
˵ͷǸӲƢѵҲŵ
ˣΪβ
dʱЩȷ˷ҽǶǴ
ҽһҽ׿ø׸Σգ
dоᣬȴ֪ҽ쳣
ոģҽ˳˵Ϸ㣬ֻǲȣ㲻ϷھͿ뿪Ϸǿ󣡡
ҽϢŭdһô˵ͼˣǲҽֻǸո뵽еĸףЩ񡣡
ҽ̲סЦǣǲ˼ݵ̽ɡ
ףΪθ˲Ըˡ
dŻãȴû뵽һ漰ռңͱ⸱ģ
˶˵Ű裬ɱ顣ȴdδӻ
dȴĴɣԿǡ
ͷǿߡ
Ϸȥ㸸Ϸ˵ǰͷ㸸˵أϷδܾ
-

184 Ϊʲôأ

ҽ˵δܾȣdɫ΢΢һ䡣
ܿ˵ҸȷʵЩأҽҽ
ҽ̾˿ЩڳˡСӣõһ˲ţϧһ㶼ʵ
Ҫ˵ȥСָҪֳʲô
ˣȥɡ
Ǿȥɡ
dмһȻȲشҽϻҡ
ҺҽһƬǽ壬ľ
֪ұ˻ȴû뵽Ȼأ
ԺѾյһƬڣľҲӰ졣
ʪģԵˮǾȻʱõˮ
ʱƫԺ
ݣסʵЩʡ
˽£û˸Ҹסһ
ҽ뵽̲סп񲻹˸ģӦ˲˵ȻڵôңҲ߯ù˵㣡
Ϊʲôأ
ɴû˵У˭ôġ
Ƕ˵ռɱ̫ͣ϶к³ô
е㲻Ծ
ҲǣսͬˣɱҲֻΪ˻ֲǲ˵ɱ
žɱˣʲôأ
Ϊˡ
ҪǰߥŻĵۺ֣ô
ŵλ۸һ佫ǲҪƤ
ҽôһ룬͸ˣһ㶼ͬ鲻
ǰЩƺд˵չǴˮҵĹйϵ
Ż󣬲Ŵңӽˮء
ģҲһ治Ƕ
ҽʶսȻӴ࣬ʼվãѾͷǻſڿӣ׵ġ
Ĳ֪ƫˡ
ͻȻd˵ҽˣ׾档
ҽ۽յķţ˵ţϷȥҲһɡ
Ҫһ˽ȥɲġҪѾˣdˮô죿
dǸ뵽һȥˡ
ҽһ˽ȥҲġ
dܾãҽѾһˡ
ҪʵȲѣ治ҽ
ƿţҽ롣
ҽͷȥȴߵúd
Щȥҽ͵طִһŮһΪǸ飡
ϸһŮϵŲͨ˵Ĵ硣
ѵҵĹ
ҽʵλǣ
dͣãĸף
ҽ˵ͷʾףȴۼطŮ͵͵ץȹӣڽš
˵һ㣬ɷݱƬ̣
dȻû˼ңŮӵڸΪ⡣
Ͷɺ˵ɺȳȥ
ɺɴ⣬Ͻ˳ȥĴҴңж׷ϡ
dֱüͷҪѵ䣬ּɵҽڳʲôҲû˵
ʱװ֪Ҳ͹ȥˣҽδػ롣
Ҫֱѵ⣬ҽǸҪҵĹû
ôţʶҽȥֻüĿƺδɺʧľֹ
˿
ȴ֪ҽǣŶɺȻûأѾͷɱǿˡҵļҽ̲С
꣬ɫߵߣ鿴
߰ԾԵɫ⡣
ҽdŵƣȻϸ۲ɫ
ԽԽü
ָüͷø
⿪鿴塣
񱻵һ˸ţ˵˺ۣЩ졣
ǣкڸˣѪЩء
üȥ˲ûܸƣЩ
˾ţ﷢岻ϳ鴤ƸΪء
žǾȲˡ
ҽֱҡҡͷˣϷʵΪ㻹ɡ
˵Ҫߣ˭֪ȴdס
dҽЩ˵ҽδԣȷԼҸĲΪ
˵ҽǵ¸صǰᱻըˣҽҲΪȴԼҸĲ޲ߣ
˭˵Ϸ᣿ҽɫ䣬Ϸ˵˾Ȳ˾ǾȲˣѵƭ㲻ɣ
Ѿ̫ҽλ̫ҽҲ̫ΪƾʲôãϷܹ
ϷǱΪҽֲɣܲ˵
ҽߺߵƿߣ㰮ŲţϷΪ
d˸ģۿҽѾ˳ȥ̲ס嶯ҽǾȲ˼Ҹ𣿻˵ΪҸ϶żȣ
ҽôŭ㡭ϷˣϷǵ治αظһˣ
-

185 Ȣܷɻڴ

Ȼ㻳ϷᣬԺҲϷˣϷеöˣɲ
ҽ˵ͻȻЦߣϷھͷģû˵ѣҪϷ𣿡
dսȭͷ
ҽģ
ң
֮ڳ﷢˸ģҪҽҷģֱô죿
dֻܽذҽ˳ȥ
ۿҽһ·ķߣdɫˡ
Խãҽǹȣ
ţҽϾȴû취ҽˡ
dֻת߽Ҵš
˭֪սȥϷӡ
̬ȹӣϷ롣
dʶüͷϷʱȥ϶ҪĲ顣
ҽϾˣֻڶĲ޲ߡ
ôϷ˵
dģϷ룬ȥһˡ
ͷӦһ첽ϷǱ߸ȥ
Ϣů¯
֪Ϸd϶Ҫϲ£
ûֻܰdĪҪӦ
Ȼҧгݵضĸ˵ȥѹ
˵֮ǰж谮ɺڶɺжޡ
ŮĴв˵񺦳
ڣֺīdòȢǸ
뵽񣬽Ͼ;Ŀۣ޲óֱӲ˲źá
ȴˣԳ޲ڣǿȣãɣȲҪȢš
˵ѾǷƮҡ
Ҫ没ˣѵóǱҿģ
ʱd˵˳ϲȢӶѡ
ĺ˼ң˭Ըѹ޽ӣ
Ĳ˼ﲻ˵Ҫۼ
Ҹ׼ңǻòͷô
Ǽ޸ƶӣҲȼ޽ǿ
Ϸףȴ벻ס
ɺܿ챻˹
һɺսţˤɺǰ
һˤ˸飬µĲɺЬȹǣܿˡ
Ȳŭ£
ɺŵؿ
ô
ô
ǰ޲ȥʱǱʹޣ˵ǶԲ
ôᡭ
£ŭһȥ
ȴˡ
ûǣϵж谮ɺŮ
Ȱ˻˵°ɣүʹӿɵȲã
⻰ɫ˲øѿˡ
俴ɺ㸸׵Ĳ֪ġҽ㸸ף϶ȴȡ
ѾΣڵϦҽʼղϾ㸸ףϷ˾ҪȢϲ
ԣҪ㣬𣿡
ɺϵĻ𾪵òᣬɫ䣺ҪȢ½ϲ̫ί˳½㣿
⻰ǵýϴŭʲô½㣿ӽ㣿ҿԼʲôˣ
ɺûз
ʵҲǼʳģȱӺݾͰˣ˸÷ɪ˸˲õŮ
޲ȥֻһ˽ή
ǰ֣ɺסġ

ͬʱϷҲڶd˵Ȼҽû취Ǿֻܳϲˡ
ھȥ¼ңȢ´˶ָͣãȥĻӦûӦ
d⻰˶ˣع̱ܵؾܾĸ²ס
ϲ޻̸֮ãһңڲУϲʵڲס
ϷһϲѵҪñϲĸ׵ȢֶŮԸ𣿡
dһž˵Ѿ˻ԼⱲֻȢ
ˣڱȢ˰ɡ㸸Ѿиһ͵öꡣٻ֪¼һ᲻ԣ
ĸģ¼Ҷᡭ
һ򣬾һȢ˳ҲиչˡˣǼõģȢԺܹɻڴ
ȢΪ
d˵ȴ̲סЩ⡣
뵽һ͵û綡ǣd׻ͬϷ˵飬ȥ˳¼ҡ
ǰŸߣϺž˵ˡ
ʱˣϽɺ˵̸ȥҽ͹ڵһҪ㸸ף֪֪
ɺüͷɲ붪
Ͽˣ
žͿɺģֻôӦ
˭֪մӦɳȥ̽ҽټ˾ͻˣ˵ҽ
ɺ⻰˲ɫ
ѵҪȥ¹
-

186 ǰ

ɺһ뵽Ҫȥſ¹򣬾ͱܵزԸ⡣
ǰսأͱ㡣
Ϊ˱磬ظǰı磬þֶսָ
˲ս뷽跨սƽ˽ˮ
ȻܿʹսصϢ
Ϊսˣܸñˡ
ôҲû뵽սȻԽԽţ
ڣĸ׾Ȼȥſ¹
ʲôˣ
սҪ֪ˣǺܵ⣿
뵽ɺ̼Ҿȥǰ¹򣡡
˵ʲô˵һ飿
ɺһɣЩ£뵽սǹŮȥǰ¹򣡡
˵ϵɫ쳣ѿϽ͵ú롣Ů죬ľҡ
Ůȥǰ¹򣬱˿ˣô룿ǿ϶Ǿãͷ
ɺΪô˵ˣϾͻı⡣Ͼ˿͹Ҷӡ
뽯ϾȻһЦΣǸʲô⾰ͷΣ
ϡͻȻȥˣʲô
ʱ򲻽ҪΪ㸸Т꣬ǰҲҪˣ
ȥ¹ֻҪܹҽȻ㸸ף㶪Σ
ѵڵ棬ǰ̸Ҫ㵽¸ߣԼ
ô꣬ôģôôϣ
˵̲ס߹ȥֺ̧ݺݸɺһƣ
ž

ɺҽƫͷȥܿġ
һ֪ȻƤˣ
ϵָ̫ղŴʱַ˺ݣһָ׾͹ɺƤ
˿ںǳ̣۵
ɺίôޡ
ϱϾĸף״ҲЩˡ
ֻ뵽ƳϲĶӣǺģɺȥǰ¹
ɺ˺һҲûı⣬Ǳƣֻίίȥˡ
ſڣ͸ССĳɵĴţ뵽սס棬һĶʱ˼㡣
˺һ󣬲ɴס̵شѾ˳
ߵǰ£ȻѾʹ˸ɫ
Ѿ߻⣬ܿŹ£Ȼ۾һʹˣҽųɣҼүأ͵ҽģ
ܿŲ鿴
һſھȻŮˣɫ˲ͱˡ
룬ȥͨϢȻ㼱ææ˳ȥʵʲôˣʲôϽߣ£
ҽֱӹڴſڵģ
ǹ鷳ģ
ɺ˵ֻʾѾߡ
˸ɤŴѾߣ·Ե̹޵ԽԽá
Լǿ޲ģҲȻѾߴˡ
Ѿܹѵܿźǲµģү̫أҽģ
ˣкãҽųɣҼүڵ
һ⺰ô±Ҳɤź˵˵ļҵģү˭
˵ɤŸ󣬡ҶǰҵĴҽףǺүǰӣҽȥˡ
ãҲ֪ǴĶģһ͹˵ҽҪǷҽ
ҽԼҪסǺģǺүûа˵ʲôŲŵģ
ֱǺүѺҽ
ļҵģү˭Ҳ˵ôҽ𣿡
䣬ͷ˲࣬ԴսΧƵ˾Ͷˡ
󲿷Ǳ̽ӣеľֵ̫ġ
Ӵɤһ½½Χˡ
ΧھҲ͵͵ܳ
ŵľȻŮЩ۾ˡ
Ů¹򣬿ɱȿү¹˼ˡ
ɺ;ö˷Ĵ󣬸߷
ѾһΧԽԽ࣬Ǵүǣٿܿ챻˵ӡ
˲ȥɺָʾŻžͿߵүɣڲúأҽȴᣬȡ
ҼҹʵǱƵû취ˣ˹ҽҪˣǾͳ𣡡
ҽҴҸϳѾߵĴɤţʱŭɶ
߳ŭ˭˵ϷȣүˣϷֲɣҪô
-

187 ùɺ

ҽسױˡ
ͱdòᣬ˭֪˻ϰݡ
dҵŮˣֱӹſڣ
ҲҪҪأ
˵ǵʥϣҲûǿѵģϷҽô꣬δȹ
ΪϷסҸ϶ϷȣϷȻĵ
Ѳұл߹ֻҪҪˣ˾͵ùԹ˭ǣ
⻰һɺ˲Ұ
ҽ⻰Ҫ·ϱƣ
˭󣿵Ȼǵʥϣ
ҽô˵л·
ôôݶ
ɺҲҼװưͣ˵ҽϢŭСŮӹܽ޷Ѿ˵˻ҽĪҪȥ
СŮۿҸزΣһʱ鼱źǰҽȻҸǿѵ˼
˵УݣǴһЩˡ
ȻӺܿͳŴɤʵǹʲôһ͹ҪǺҽѵǿѣ
ԼǴүҪҽȲʲôԣ
Ҫ˵ҽֲɣôܾȵ˱ˣ
һ͹ںſڣǺүҽˣֱ磡
ҪŮǵɣŮѹֻǴ
ǻô˵ģ̣֮ûа̺ãĴ
ҪТģʣµף˵ܻ
˵ͻȻӲ
˵ɣھͶ췢ģˡ㸸ף˵ԸǴ
˵үôТĵķϣͷŹ㸸ˡ˵ǲ
⻰һΧ۵˷׷塣
Ƕ˵񷢶ĺɻûۼʶ
Ҫɺ淢¶ģǾۼʶʶˣ
ˣ澰ǻ뿴
ȻλԼ˵Ϊ˾ҽβģǷģǴȻ
ɺôҲû뵽һشŵģȻҲ˽ƻ
ͷ˵Ҫģ
ôҷģ
òһأɲ뱻׻
סͶôˣѾ˵ôأˡҲ
ôᣬô
ɺŵûӲڼˣ̲סԽԹޡ
ͲģҲ˵˲
ɽƷҪ
ô죿
ģѰ·
ģŸТԸǴ
Χ۵˿ɲ룬ٳٲϷģøˡ
췢İ
ǣ㲻ǺТ˳𣿡
ԭֻƱˣֵԼͲԸ˰
ҵļҽ̿ˡ
ɺ˷ɴ۾һգصȥ
װΡ
һԵѾ߿ŵ̴ô˰ҽȾҼҹɣεˣ
ҽɨɺһۣ֪װΣûвֻǵ˵Ĳûãһʱ̵˹ȥȥ˯һûˡ
ϾǸСƤ̫ҪǴװε£ѾͷûѰ˶̼鷳
ʱ򣬱˿ɲԼãˣ˱
ѾһϽɺ̫ˣʹ϶
հɺЩסˡ
ɺ¶ڶûҶ
뵽ѾʱһСģͰĶϵˡ
ϵһɢصĶ˳ɺ»
ɺ÷裬ֲȥ
ʱͻȻһ磬ֱӰѶȥ
ɺŶůġ
һ䣬ʹϣش˸¡
ʱѾҲˡ
һַֻɺһֻֻæȥץߵĶ
߶ûϡ
ɺۿƤѡ˭֪ѾͻȻײϣײˣ
֮£ɺ޿̵۾
ʱͻȻۼؿˡ
̺ͽѣ
ʯ䣬ɺʶһң
ֵĳѣ
ûȥˣգգۣЩ±Ƶؿų̣磬ǲǻˣոպиŮҾ
治ɫسѣţˣոʲôû
Ѷʱ˿ԭһˣҾ˵˵𣿡
̣ܵûˡ
-

188 ɺ³

ɺ顱һˤ˱ʯשϣߵˤ˺ף˹ȥ
ֻ˵磬㿴ǰŮˤˣ̫ˡ
̲ɫɨһۣͷͦġ
ôϸģǵһμ
ҵ˭ãȻ
֪ϲ˱˶Ի
ţӣһǺǵģ
սֻƻС꣬ǳ˲գ۵ġ
һŮҲҰǻˡ
ǣ޷棬Ůͻ츮ٸd֪ǲǱл߹󣡡
޷ĬĬdһ
ȻͬؿɺѾһۡ
֪Ů˵³϶ܲҡ
dΪԱŹǡ


¸dոպͳʿ̸׳ϲ£˭֪¸ܼͻȻ˽龪ŵ˵ү칫ӣˣ
ʿֱۣȻ˵òأɵڶûá
ոڸdҪ£һܼҴôŭŻŵʲôӣǸ˵ˣô𣿡
dո˵Щɲܴȥ
ܼҿɥү˰ūոյõϢſڣ˺ôĳ󣡡
ʿdɫ䣺ʲô
˵˶һۣжЩûڡ
ʿЩڴӦϲˣ˵dóĵĶɺ̫ܴˣ
dҲںڣ̫ȻûܹסŮˣ
Ǵ˴
ʿİգdڣ˵˷ģСƴ£һ
˵ûҾֱӸ뿪ȥ¡
ʿȻһҪá
d뿪ʿʹܼң㶼ʲôȫ˵κ
ܼҿɳȥ˷Ƕ󣬾ȴϢȻǱ߶šڻûжϢūҲ
ԭʿ˿ҼǵѾͷҲǸģǰһ򣬳Կĸõġ
˭֪⻰˵ͱ
ĶܼҼҴҸһݾ;ʧغү²ˣҹﴳ´ˣ
ʿ⣺һëѾͷܴʲô
ܼɥѾ˵ҽȣҽˣ˵ΪǵʥҲûǿѵġǲǱл߹󣡡
ʲôʿŵֱӴϹȥǸ϶Ȼô˵뺦𣿡
˭֪ܼҽ˵ͽҲȥˣѺ츮
ʿ⻰˲ûѪɫǡǾȻҲڡ
ˣ
ˣ
ܻţdһλ
ҽں˵˵ˣ˿û˵
ţҲܹƾôһ޸ݵĻ͸Ҷ
ֻҪѾͷ¾͹ȥˡ
ʿ뵽ùܼȥ
dǸˣǱߺܿͻᴫϢ

ֵ˲١
Ϻ̫ҲϢ
ɺȥſڵʱ򣬻ҪԸưͿ
˭֪ɺȻӲ硣
ǱҽڻϿֱӽͣ˺ôһû
ʱڳ˭֪ţ̽Ӿ˵ɺˤʱߺ¾ҡ
⻰̳˲ʹˡ
֪ΪУ϶ֻһŮˡ
ô»Ȼ˸ҲҪү
ɺʲô
Ҷˣүܿ
ſڶôȻү
ҪҪˣ
컯֮£͸ҹˡ
ѹһᱻһӶǺö
ŭɶȥѵ⣬ͷִµϢ
ɺˣ
ȷе˵ҶųϢɺ͵˷財
Ȼ͵˷財飬Ȼܰճۡ
Ϣ̲סЦdǺúݵģ
ɺأ˵ͷˡ
ҷųĻɺû裬Ҳֻܷˡ
̫ȴʧˣ뿴Ըͷأ˭֪ɺȻ͵ʴף˷ӡ
һůﾫĲ軨ǳ²Ķ

ƽҲڸսԹ
սСȰȵرԹһѣ󻹷߷߲ƽ̲סЦЦζ˵İɣҲùģǵıӦܿҪˡ
-

189 ׹Ů

ƽȵؿսһʲôӦ
˵͵طӦˣûأ˵ʣµ׻ʲôʱ򣿡
սЦŷʣĶ֪
ȷʵ֪ԤУʣµףܿͻ¡
Խ֮ǰͷ֣ˣȻԼҲˡ
պȻ½˾ѣʵϣܹѵһ
ԵǳɹѵˣǱ˵˶
ľߣ׶ͨ˳֡Ҫͨ˲۹ǣҲǷ
߹½⣬ʲôҲԣӺҲк³
˵߶൱׹Ů
ԽȻڣֻǵȼ㣬ɼж
ҪǣϵĹ½ⲻ
״Ԫ¥ƹӡˢϵĹ½˲١
Ǧʣˮ࣬úר
ǸʵʵڵСˡ
ǲǸģֱ˰ˣ
Լ˶ģȻҪ
ֻʱԵţһ㣬Եʱֻһףʱ仹ӳ١
ģ񵱳ͻᱻֱ
һֱֻᱻһΡ
ƫƫϸ
dϳˣطˣ
Ϊ֤ԼûȻҪһΣԺôϹ˵
е֡
֮ĵҲ֮
ֻ֮ƻϷû
ǣΪʲôˣ
Ѳɣ֮ǣ
Σԣû¡
ʵţʣµ׻ʹۿˡ
ƫƫɺſڣҽˡ
ֱڻ
dǹģֱӶɺ˷財
ϧ۲ΪһŮ˵ĺ֣͸ҽ
ȴЩ
͵øۡ
ƣԳ֣޾ȻĿܡ
սԤУʣµףǰ¡
ӿѾˣʣµ׺ܿͻ¡

ﶼɺ˷財ʱִ˳ϲϢ
¼Ҳʾ˵غΪϲҪ߾ܾһ
Ϣ󣬲˶ó˾ʵ壬Ůӵ䷶
ǶԳĿĹ˲١
İսˮҲһʱ鼱սñӴֻǷùֿ
ƽϢ󣬷߷߲ƽսԹ
ս˵ȴڹ࣬Ұ˳ɾǳҵˡ
ѻϴ˳ϴףȻû˻ǵɺɵĴ¡
Ц˵⣬Լòء
ƽըˣôһ㶼˵أ
˵˵ɣ쳤ϣʲôãˣǸӱǣ
ƽһͻȻúе
Ͻ˵ǹǧǵū澰ǣ
ս⻰˲ɫ˵˵ʲô䣿ǲǣ
ڿɲǺʲôĿߵ٩
Ŵɵʤ֮Ҳ䡣ռұʹڷ˼⣬֪ҪŪǡ
ƽ⻰ȥҪ£
ʱռʹʤ֮ңʵݣҲó
սۿƽƽ֪ԼĶ𣿡
ǰһֱƽ̫ҪʱǺõġƽĵʱ򣬾Ͳƽỳɡ
ڲŷ֣ˡ
Ȩϵʱ߾дˡ
ƽͶҪٹܲס죬Ժ󻹲֪Ҫ¶Ļ
ƽŵ̹˵ϣū֪ˡū澲ú˵˵ԺūҲˡ
ս֪ˣƽҼǵƽϲ֪Щǣʤ֮ˣô𣿡
ƽһ±ƣС˵ū澡ū澲֪
սƵҧҧҸ㽲£ˡ
һӺƽŵɫס
ӺƽŵüС
ʱƽŵû
һʱƽʹ飺ūԺҲˣūĲˣūԺһʵʵصưͣҲ˵˵ˡ
սòˮ
ոոƽʤҰԼŴŮӿ̣ȻѾͷŻˡ
ţЧԺԶϰϰ
-

190 콵

ƽ֪Լ˵δսͱʵˡ
սսҪȻƤӰ
¼ˡ
ԽǺ£Խǰԡ
йעϢҪսġ
ܿϢ˵ѾѣҲ˺ת
˵һжǳĹ͡
ΪҪϲƾͺתˡ
ƽ֪ˣȴûҸսǨŭ
ֱսĲԾˣŷ߷߲ƽ˵˳
Щ̫ҪˣôͳĹˣ˵ǻعⷵأ
ԭսЦһο˵ˣſϷɣǵĺӾҪͷˡ
𣿡ƽԴϲЦ˵ū澿ɾ͵ˣ

ͻȻ˿ϣҲãǸˡ
Ϊ˳ϲЧãҺͳ¼󣬾Ͱ׮°ˡ
Ϊִ̫٣ֻһдӼ
ˣһæòɿ
ҪϺ첼̺̺ϲҪױ硣
ļ»û꣬ΪͻȻֻһ롣
Ȼû̫
ֻܴæȥ¥һס
ļ²̫ƫƫʱ̫ûʱġ
ĲҲûãļ£ɫҰ׵øƵġ
ֻĨص죬סǲҰ׵ɫ
ױɫ˲١
·˿绨Ů̲ס޸̫ͣίˣ֪ӷ裬ǵ޸dϲ˵Ҳǰư
ЦŰοˣŮί粻ίŮģдǻ۴󱧸ˣŮ޸ֻøá
γίأ
ʲô취
ѵܲ
Ҳ˵ѾӦڼ޹ȥϲû˵ѵ˻
һˣd;ҪܵӰ졣
ֻҪϲãίһкη
d֪ίȻίܣܻԺ󲹳
ԣһʱίˡ
ʱ޸dϲd޿ܣd
ҳdܼ޸˭أ
˵ףûѡ
ԳһЦȻգգ۾˻ȥ
ϲӣܿޡ
ţƾı£ڶѣܻӹõġ
뵽ʶһԵľӡ
ճһžĴĻò̲סžԼЦЦ˱ȻЦԽġ
ܿ죬׵ˡ
ֳϻΣŽҡҡλεǰҡ
˵һдӼ򣬳ʿǽð˲ޡ
˴ţϲֱǵ·ϲܳ֡
ŵڻֵҲڴ
Ҹɣ
dãǳϲdȻ֪ίԺӱز
ڣεң˵ϡ
d߿ţӭ»Ρ
Ȼǣ߽Ҵţһ·ǰԺá
Ѿһ£ֻǲõִ̫٣¿ŻϸԵ̫ª
ڳŸͷͿ
ͽ϶λϣԻı͡
ЩͶҵʾɣd͵ϲǰμϲ硣
Ȼ̫ʵĨӣֻôźǰμӡ
Ҳյϲȴ˽ѣֻùܼ˺ȴû
ԽıͲࡣ
ʱҲԵϡϡġ
dв˹
֪ԼֻܷܰЩϲȴû˼Ժˡ
˾ǿʱˣͳɤ˵һѵļ黰Ȼߺ
һء
dͳ£عݡ
ǿһĻ˲
ۿ˰غʲôû͵͵˿
ݸá
һٴα
ֻdͳתͽϹݡ
ʲôҲû
ٴ˿˵Ӧûˡ
˾Ǽ޶԰ݡ
dͳ棬ԷϹ
ʲôҲûз
˾Ƕ˿ЦеسĻɡ롪
˭֪ûġ֣ͷͻȻһ졣
˶ŵĸβʶȥ
һǸ
ֻϾǵ˸˶ˣ
û˷Ӧһ£ٴβƫеϡ
ֱӰ˽̿
ŵ͵ػع񣬽ű㷢Ĵ̶У
-

191 ңɥ

һ߼һ߾ʧ壬˲ˡ
˲࣬һ˾Ӷˡ
ŸͷֲԼҿ
УбײˣڲУ廹͵һײﻹվס
ŵþһֱӾ͵ˡ
dۼֿطסûˤڵأ˲̤
ȻͷϻŷڣⶫѹԴϣһҲµ
dסȴסͷϵķڡ
ֻؿŷڴŸͷ˵ϣıǲȥ
ͷקų˲٣ʹᶼˡ
dڻͺ˾˸ɾ˶ˡ
ԭķڹڵϣ˲ȵñΣͱʯ˲١
ᵹڵϣǲ֪ʲôʱѾ˹ȥ
ак͵Ҳ˵ϡ
ûԣȴ̫ãʹ
ϸһϾȻвЬӡӣȻǸոձײˣϻ˲˺üţ
͸ˡ
˶˽̿һ֪ˡ
ֻǲ֪û
dոչű뵽һתۣͱ
ʵҲΪղ̫£Ͳҹȥ
׹ȥ˽̿dòȥ鿴
ſ񣬶Сıˤ֮󣬾Сس˹ȥ
£û̫졣
þôߵǰ
ϣֻѾήΣֿ¡
dָ̽̽ıϢ
ȻʲôҲû̽
ʱ䣬Ǳʲô͵һ£˶ɵˡ
ûˣ
סôûˣ
ţ
dĵ֣ȥľ
ȴֻ˴ֲֵĽ̿
һɫĽǡꡱһˣ̵Ѫȿֺӿ˳
dɵ㶵ؿһĻعȥȦһ
ҲһĻdôסֱӱؼ
վԭأЩãȻ޴롣
ϻŴɫϲֻǾõķѾˡ
ϵױҲˢһۼ¶Ұ׵ɫ
űɽ̿ĶȥǾ
֪Լô졣
æ
ǻس¼ȥ
Լdأصȥ
˳¼ңԺҲ޲ȥˡ
ңſԺӡ
뵽¡
ʱεڵϵĽϱļѡ
ãȻ۾ΪղŵһԼجΡ
Ȼ۾Ϳݶŵĺ
һǴĿĺɫ͵ر˸ղŵج
ʶ񣬿Ž̿˶ز
״߹ȥο
˵ͻȻת飬ֱؿ
ŵòɢ˲ַǳõԤУʶҪ㿪
Ȼ廹ţʹ
û㿪Ͼͳ˹סĲӣﻹеɥǣ
dȢϲ㵹ãһžͰүˣǲǻҪңҪd㣡
͵رڵϣײڵ̺ϣ˵һ졣
ײǰһ󷢺ڣﻹܷ
Ȼˣ־ر󣬺ܿó񴭲һطۡ
d͵ѣ˹ȳ
Žϵｹ˵֣Ѿˣȥᱻģ
ϷؼУҾҪһžͿǸɥǣڲҲģ
d⻰ϵĶ˶١
ȻǱģô˵ﻹ˸
׻ϲģ˴С÷󣬸Ȼ
ų񱻽
dųʹģ񣬶ʱһȣ˽ϵ֡
Ŷ꣬ʹˣһ˫ҲüΪۡ
ܵס
ʹþһٿ˫֣澹Ȼ˺ɫӡӣ
𾪵ؿdŰοʱȼŭ
ɾҪŭʱͻȻ˱ɽ̿
һ˲䣬˶Ӳˡ
ͻȻʶѾˡ
Ժң͸d
ǸdԺù
뵽ٿһdͳֻʣһƬвͣӿĺ⡣
ֳɥǣ
˽ŵģ
-

192 ֶ̫̥

ɽ̿Ϣܿ촫˳ȥ
ϾǶˣһαһˣǶס
ǸԶûҵģҲڲ£ǲֱˡ
ʹۺŻʺҲ˺ôһ
ֱ̫ŵö̥
ε̫ˣ˾﷢š
ֻǣΪʲôִˣ
ȷеϢʹѾ֪˵ʲôǺá
ȻȻڳϲʱ׸ˣ
ɵʱֱף˽̿
⡭ʵǡ
񵱳¶ģ˵Ҫ׺䡣
ͱΣһҲû¡
Ǳ˰
뵽ͻȻ𲻾ǰҷųĴԣǳи
⸣Ǻã
۲мط˸ۡ
ҷųϢʱ򣬻ûսһţҲսĶϱ
ܲ
Ȼ˵ã
ڲʹˣ
Ȼճ꣬۾һ£
񵱳Ǳӵס죬̫˳ʳ
뵽¾;òģϽȥ̫û£˳̫
̫ڶ̥ζûЩ
ֻʱʵ̫ɣһ̥ĸϢϢۺŻʺĶ
׻ɼεɱ֮ס
ҪΪ׶̥ۺŻʺĶǻ룿
ֻοͶĺӣ
ĿС̫Բ˿أ
һֱ̫ҽڶҪ롣
ֻҪϢȥС̫Ͳ£
̫ǧΪסϢ˵þֶΣû뵽Ϊ˳빬۾Ȼ˹
̫ϢϽ̫ҽ
ȻѸٲ亹֬Ĩ죬ֶ̫ӱܣżװûһ˽

Ȼ󲻶ɫɨ̫һۡ
̫ƴЦװԼһ㶼ۡ
ǰڼ򣬹ɻ谵á
ů˵ϣǸ˴һ⡣
ֲһֱ̫ûܲס
̫Цеرʾ̫ӣ̫Ӹȥһˡ
̫һ֪϶Ϊҵ£ɫ˲ЩӲ
Ҳȥ
սսظȥˡ
˭֪ߵ·ͻȻꡣ
˵̫ӳļͷɡţɱλǴ̫ϡ
ˮƻΧ
̫ô˸£һԽԽûס
ȥ϶û£ôôùƫƫߵһʱأ
Ҫǳ֮ǰ꣬˵ͿԲȥˣ
̫ƣ̲סһʫˮ׳ʿһȥⲻ
ŵٴδ˸¡
ڣˡ
̫¼ߣŬҪסһ̫ӵļơ
Ȼһ˲ͱ˳˹
磡
ƲסĴ˸󣬸ߵǺˡ
Ŭװʲô鶼ûзȻ˽ȥ
񣺡ߵʣ
ۿһĴֶӣͻȻ۾
̫ӵǵôֻ֣Ƕպ䣬ҹֱȰ䣬̫ӳʱһ
һ¡
ǻֱûۿ
۸Ͻ˵ϧȽŲã
̫ˣۻ˻֣ѵڵȫǲ˳ȥ
Ȼʵ츮£˵ˣ
̫ģС˵ֿ츮ķҫʡ
˵ǡ˽̿Ѿȥˡ
۵ͷȻѾ֪ˣ޾ֱˡǳϣʲô뷨
̫⻰ŵòϱ
ԳϿʲô뷨
ΪҪ
Ǹ˼
ѵʾȻԳʲô뷨
ô
ϵӶûܶʲô뷨
̫Ǿίҧ˵ԳϾκβе뷨ѾΪκ뷨
ۼ߷ˡɻ˵޼ǵãڶסա
̫Ӹӱ̲סЩԹ̫¡
빬ʲô
Ϊ£϶ˣҲû
ھʶ£ԳʲôǷ֮룡
ԩˣ
̫ӱؽͣʣסڶʱ򣬶ֻһ棬Ǽʱ֮δ
˿ûбã㿴ռ޹ȥϲͱˣϵҲ̫Ӳˡ
̫ӣ
-

193 ̫Ȼ飡

̫ıϵӲӲʲôϵأ
˭֪ʱͻȻʵϿһаã
̫˲һ£ԥŸò˵
̫ŵ̥ⶣ˵
ߵʱ̫ǿţҲ֪ˡ
̫ԥһ˲Ǿš̫ﻳģܿĵճӡ
һӱϲء
Աš
̫С˵ʣһаã޲ס
˿ͺãǰ˳סϵôӲ޻浣Ļ˵
̫һ⻰Ϳһ
һֱʥ飬ѧӲԲôš
漰޶̲סˡ
̫̥Ĵƺе࣬ѵǡϿ˵ˣ
ô롣
۱ѾˣһɫԣͿһ
۾̫ӣͻȻŭϵһаã˵滰
̫һ˵ʵˡϡ϶̥¸ʵģԲš
˲ɫʲôʱ£
̫ηصͷҿɫ򡭡׵ʱ򡭡
ˣô£Ȼ
ŭһȻƳһۣһλ׹ȥ̫Ƿ񻹰á
׹ɫȥ
ҧ̫Ӻ̫һʡ
ǰȥ̫ȻŪ˹ȥûܷ쳣
صʧְ
۸ոȻˡ
뵽̲סޡ
һ£ǰڶȥʱ̫ȷʵ쳣ɫҲá
Ƕ̥ģ
̫ô˵ѡ
ܲԼճӻߵճŮͷϿʺӡ
̫϶Ƕ̥
ǰ֮Կ϶αװˣ
̫ɺˣ
̫Ȼ飡

ҽ֪ڻϱ˽̿˶ˡ
Ȼϲң뵽һ˾ô˽̲̿סȻ
뵽֮ǰԣҽ̲סҡҡͷ֮ǰڴ˵ǳ¹ʶТ˳ʱҪ޸dϲҸն»£˺ת
ڻϱ˽̿λ¹ҪϿ׵ˡ
ŶԣѾΪٽ¹Ӧýϡ
һԺǲùˡ
ǸŮ
ǸɺȻô˷財
dǺݵģ
̫ˡ
ˣǱҵЩˣķ
⹦򣬻úǸᡣʱ䶼ȥһˣôû
￴λӵʱžȻһ㶼ˣѲȻ
ܲ˰ɣ
Уȥ
ҽȲߣȻմţͱ綳һ顣
ͷ꣬ϽŹˡ
ˣȥɡ
ϵģ꣬ϸ첲ȵĻǱϹˡ
̫ˣҲ֪Ҫˡ
ҽص̾˿Ͻȥ
˫ֶů̲סս
ԽԽ̲סп
Ѿͷֱ̫ˣ
һ⣬ʵͷҪˡ
ƽʱ˺ҽȻһֱǫ飬ﻹ̲ס̣Ծҽȷʵ
ѾͷӲ֪ôģЩĪ⣡
Ϊʲô˿ڻã
Ϊʲô˻
Ϊʲôˮ
Ϊʲôˮ᳤棿
Ϊʲôҧ˻ߣ
Ϊʲô֮ᱬߣ
ⶼЩʲô߰⣡
ˣ֪أ
ڵǸʲôأʱ˵ôأôȻģ
ΪŲž
̫ˡ
ĺ֪
Ѿͷ̫ˣȻ׼ȥŻ
һҪȥ
Ҫٲȥ͡ٵȵȡ

ԽԽɫװĴһƬΨйĵڹִɢ΢Ĺ⡣
츮һƬƲ
ԭĺȫժøɸɾ˲ҵİײ
ſڹŵĺҲźɫֵİ׵
ִٲúõϲ²ʡš
ŴŵĴϲֻûüժʺɫԵøĿ
ɽ̿ǿ£װ˹ײ
ʱϣʱͳ˽̿ȹײʱ˶ӲˣdҰ֫ϣֹֻŹֵɽȥ
ϵĺɫϲѾТ
Ȼɺһڵϣ顣
ɺͣ·ķˣﻹС߶ġӦðʱġ
-

194 ̹ǰ

ʧعڵϣ΢΢Щգ˶ûʲô
ʵǹģֻǲûãģѹûʲôԲӡ
̫ˡ
˺ĵӣ
ǵһش͸ӣϥꡣ
ûã;ϥǵطƵۣʹ
ˣΪӱΪ飬ȻǴТ
ǲȻҲ
һ˴Т;ͳ׶ˡ
Ϊ̫ˣ˲ɺ߶ʲô
dһ䡣
ͱһ⻰󣬵ŭɶɺҺúùţ߶ʲôΪ飬ô𣿡
ɺñޣѾ֪Լ˵ʲô磬˵Ķģʱģǰģ
⻰һһԵ˲˾Ťͷ𾪵ؿɺɺ˵˵ʲôʲôǰģʥԣӲ񣡡
d۾ɵؿɺһַۣɿɨΧ
ºͱĻ̻̣Щ˸Ͳҿá
ȥ˷׷ǣʱֵøÿʹӦǵ󣬵òúú󣬾ȥˣû
Դʱֻš
dɺɫң˵Ͷ˵ܣȥſţ˿
𾪵ؿ磡㡭ѵĻʲôǰģ̫˼˰ɣҿǲͿˣǶ˵˵
dó縸ƣȥȥϻʲô
ΪгӣҶҪ֧š
ѾƮҡǰŵܵãһ
ȻƣȴҷֻܹԹԳȥš
ſڱö࣬ǹη磬ߵſڣͶֱ¡
Ͻס壬ſһţСؿͷԷ˿
Ǿú䣬Ҳض
ֻܰdЩ꣬ȥ
뵽̲סعͷСؿdɺ
dɺɹţԶ쳣ֻп˲Ż֣ᷢdһֱץɺ
dûпɺֻϵϼأңղ˵ǰʲô˼
ɺʹþһ񾪿ֵؿd磿֣ץʹˣ
dȴû֣ʵ˵ղ˵Щʲô˼ʲôǰʲôʱ
ɺŵˣҼ˵˵
֪¾Բ˵dҪǰɹأ
侲㣬Ҹովں˵˵ǧ棡
˵˵㵱ɵԴϴ˲ͱֹ֣ǵ취սͻ
ǰûмǴͻȻͶǿҵĵ⡣
ҵʱûж룬㡣սͻֹȥˮ
Ϊ˶ԸŮˣ
ʧ˲˵׶㺦ˣ
ɺҲ׵ʬˣΪ㣬ôң㻹Ҫȥ
ôģ㿴ףܣǶǱ㺦ģ
Ҳ㶼֪ʲôҲ㵽ô֪ģҪ˵
Ҫ֪һеô£ɺ𣿡
ɺԽԽţ̲ס磡ҵȻãҾɺҡ
dǾͰ֪ȫ˵˿
ɺһСؿdȴб۾رɭ
ɺû䣬òѡ̹ס
û˵Լģֻ˵Լ˸Ρ
Ȼǰ֣ȫd
ſڵҲˡ
ɺ˵Ȣսȴ谮ãսĶʱ򣬵ŵ˶ˡ
ȻȢս
Ůģ
ŵøϽסĿڣеʹ·ıһ
־̲סԹɺ
ʲôβãȻôң
ңôܻȢսŰŮˣ
ֲǷˣ
˭֪иģ
սȻ׵ıûˣ
ģŮ̫ˣ
ԣɺجΣ
뵽̲סԹɺ
ʲôë
Ȼμͱòôң
˵˼ҹΣѵɺôǲô
˭֪滹иŵġ
ɺȻεδֶŮ̫ǻʺ
ģ
һ쵽ʲô
εҲ̫ˣ
ôûμԼ̫أ
-

195 ǰıͻ

òͣ£̲סԹɺĪ
ξȻô̡
˭֪dͻȻסɺĲӣݺݵ˵˼ǣΪһجΣսһδεظԣ˸ף
ɺŵˣ磡ſң֪ˣĲǹģսǸ磬š
ѣdȴĻҺزɺʱˣȻѣ滳ɣɺ𣿡
ɺ𾪵ؿ磬ʲô˼ҡã˭
Ҫ֪࣡ң㵽ô£ҾţֻΪһΣͷһս
ɺԥǲ˵Լ£ҡ
dڳɣ̼Ҫڲ˵ǾԶ˵ˡ
ɺŻˣͻȻʶҪٲ˵࣬dܻܿɱ
Ųϵϼأɺܿʹط֣ûˡ
ֵؿdȴֻбɱ⣬ֻѡ˵ࣺ󡭡硭šſҡ˵
dɿֻĲӡ
в˼ʮԡ
ɺĽֻʵ˵ҡȷʵجΣǡһΣȻ֪ΪʲôͻȻͻصʱ򡣡
d˼̫ˣԻ̲סʵʲô˼ʲôصʱ򣿡
ɺͻȻѾʮ꣬ۿǼ˻ʺԽԽã˭֪һҾȻصһꡣ
dв²⣬⻰ǴΪ𶯡
ɺѾʮ꣬ͻȻδصڣ
֪δ飿
dͻȻеңȴֲòԼ侲ǰ˵ЩģܵȢսͻ
ɺŵ˵ͷ̫ˣҲ뱻͡װ˲
˭֪Ȼ֪ˣ˻飬Ż˵˭ȢңǸԣҡ
dͻȻʵҰ˻ս
ı֣Цȴɺ쳣Σա
ηؿd磬㡭ЦҡҺ¡
˼ʮ꣬Ǻd硣
Ϊ֪dֶж
dЦˣɺ֪֪㣡ȻΪʲôʱ˵
ɺŵÿҡҺ¡ǰҵɹҲ˵
ľӴ⣬սͻռ绢Ǹȴ
ո˵ײʱ㣬һʲôʱģ
û
⻰һdȫɫ
dĿؿɺԸױû߰ʮ꣬ȴ约ˣ
ңɺԸϻ׵̫ˣܲ𣬡űƸ׷¶ģײŻᱻôҪף
Խ˵Խսͻˡ
ѾſδޣսҪǴͻ϶Ҳᱻ˵
˲һˮһ뵽ȻܻҲ̫Ӳˣ
ǰҲս磬ñȻթ˳ȥ
սӲˮ
˭֪սû
dͻȻЦһˣ˭˵Ǳģ
ʲôɺ󾪣ѵǣǡôģ
Ļûʳ
ΪѾʶǸ޴ı
谮Ķӣ˭
ɺȻرҲ֪ЩѾܹ֪ġ
֪Խ࣬þԽ죡
ǣd֪ʲôѵ˵ϵ
ͻȻɺǰ
ǰͻʵڲ뱻͹װҷųϢ
d֪ýһ١
ʱƺҲ˵ƵĻ
ֻΪdҵĽڣûȥ
ڻ飬˺ݻ
dó˺ôĻ𣬻˵ˡ
Ҹdǰ£
d޸ǰҲ͸¶ֻǸսͻսһռҸ϶졣
ʱdӦˣԲŰ˺ôĹ򣬲Ŵٳ¡
ô
սʱû˵Щ˲Ǳģ
-

196 ս

ɺdĻŵòᣬ̲סԹ
һʼսͻdǴӦ˵ģҲæŴٳ¡
ôܰȫƸ
֪ǣdʵͺˡ
սĻµȷٳɵģʱҲԥջ̫ˡ
Ǿա
ȻǰңҪ֪Ūսףϸĳı
û뵽ǵ˶ûü֣ɺȲس֡
˳񣡺ó˳
սˮأøƵģǵ˸ûֵĻᣬֻܾ䡣
ʱϣսôˣȻʹˡ
սһռҺ϶Ź
սʱʵ˿
ֻû뵽鷳
¶°¶սͣشͷ
ӡˢǦʣˮ࣬ˮͰúש
ӵôģôЩ
d뵽̲סɺսǰҲճǦ𣿡
֪ͣðսͻ
սͣкη
ǶܣȻŮ˶岻סȻ³
d뵽ɺӲ
ɺȴ˵ǦʣûУǰֻڸŰ裬ûճʲôǦʡ
dһ⻰ʱЩԾ
æʵˮأгˮͰúשأ
ɺһãȻˮࣿʲô
dˮ»ܣ֪˲ࡣ
ɺֻǸŮ֪Щ
ʵˮͰЩ˵
ɺҡҡͷ齥þ֣ûû˵ô磬սԾ˵ս𣿻᲻ᡭ᲻ᡭ
᲻ʲôȴû˵ڡ
˵ˡ
˽ɺѾʮ־֡ͻȻ뵽ȻܹǱ˻᲻Ҳԣ
Ҳ˵ȥսǰûЩ
⣿
dҲ뵽ˡ
Ȼɺܹս᲻ҲУ
սܲԾ϶ɺ˵ǡʬ꣡
û
϶
Ͽ˴оֹȴǱ˸ˡ
Χ˻Ǳǽ
սҲ
϶
Ͳûţ
dܿ˼ƽϡ
ɺԺ˭Ҳ˵𣿡
ոôһ˲䣬ɱڣȴֺܿˡ
ɺøжͻȻ뵽ɺ֪δʮ귢£ôɱˣδ̫ϧ
ܵЩȫŲһ
ɺƴͷ֤ģҿ϶˵ȥ
ַ˼˵
ҪdвҪɱҲ˵
dȴֶھȥȡīֽ⣬δȫĬдκ𣿡
ɺһ⻰ͻȻͿһ뵽ʲô
߹롣񾡣أ
۵׵Ļңȴ̲סɣԼ֪ȫˣd᲻ɱڣ
ղžͲ
ʱĿϢУɺͷ
dϽӦˣãҡȥá
˭֪dͻȻ⣺ˣöȥɣһңҹ·̫Σա
ɺ⻰ӻҡ
Խã֪ȫdͻɱڣ
ǰٻòɱ
϶ȫˣ
οǰ˼ʮܹ꣬ס±Ͳࡣ
ÿ춼ᷢܶ飬Ŀȫס
ٻdĴһҵ
ò׻ֱڼң淢ĺܶʵ
ܹľ͸ˡ
˵
Ҫdûüֱֵɱô죿
ɺŵģ֮ǰĿڲԡ
˵Ǿ仰ġ
dȴȥȡķı
Ͻȥˣһ·ӶҺġ
þȻ˼ʮ꣬Ȼδصڣ
ȻȢսΪãĶ
ôϲ
ɺ˵սǰûճǦʣڵսô£
ս
ʵѾЩȻоˡ
첽ȥ鷿õķıִҴҷá
뵽ܹ֪ܿδᷢʲô㲻ؼӿ˽Ų
µøˡ
ҹɫԽԽڡ
̲ס̧ͷ죬ȴֻܿһƬڣһ˿
֪ΪʲôͻȻЩ
Ժ󡭡ܷɻڴ
-

197 ĺĺ

ѹеĲɡȡķıĴҴҵ߽á
ɺŲѡ
ȡdļһҲŴ˸¡
dɫؽķӦ۵ףȻߵſڣӹûĶ
ɫˣ˵ȥʣµͺá
š
˵ͷֿ˹ڵϵɺһۣ߹ȥ
̫ˣֶˡ
Ϊ˱ܣ˸ţһ˾ɡͻˡ
ܿˣǶˡ
δʮ꣬ᷢЩʲôأ
뵽̲סֿɺһۣ漫ˡ
d˹ȥȡˮɺĥī
ɺŲѡ
ǰſdģĬд
Ѿֽ̿ɺץëʣһĻҵͬʱҲƴ롣
ʮʱ̫ˣܶǲŬ룬ܹ١
ˣǰʱзʲôر
ˣ
ǰʱ˻飬d˽ˮװԡͰͷ
ˮһȻܿͳˣɻǶòˡ
ʱdվڴߣ̫
ԭô˵ţ
У벻ˡ
ֻǵã˵Ȼޣ͸Ĳһװ
˵˴ֻһܽⳡ¡
ݺݲһ
ǰʱƺһֱڲţֱ꣬»ůŽ
ӡʱƺûʲô¡зʲô
ɺ˻䣬ֱߴdɺīˣˡ
ɺŵô˸£ҧҧС˵磬ǰ˼ʮ꣬ܶǵò̫һӿ벻١
dֱؿȴºͼˣûϵ롣ʵ벻һġ
ɺ⻰ĶŶ˶
ѣ
ôѣ
ûʣҲġ
d˵ģַ˼飬ٸ߱ˡ
dô׸磬ĬдҲ̫֡
Ҫñ֪ˣ϶ᱻץ̿ʣ
Ķȥ˭˵ֻܴڼdĬд
ɺ뵽ʶսëʡ
ⱲӣҲֻܹ¶ˡ
d޳ȥġ
ϣֻ˲ܹԶסܡ
ǹԹԺdóԺúȵع
ҪǸб˼϶Źģ
Ϊʲô
ˣΪʲôǼ޲ȥ
Ϊʲôϳ־
ǽ˽¶ӣλӾˡ
Ϊʲô
ɺ뵽յȣ̲סǿҵķߺޡ
ұֳֻƴҧ롣
ҪĬдһЩd
dοļ磺𼱣ãڸײˣԺһᱣġ
ɺŵؼһĨЦ磬һúû룬ȡ
ȷʵҪúû룬Ϊ㣬Ժӿ϶ù
Ҫ֪Щȹѹء
d˵ͻȻ̾˿ˣǰô꣬ͻȻȷʵЩǿˣɡ
˶٣ʼʣǰʱǼʲô
ɺʼԥ˵١
ĺ£dҪˮ
dԥɫʱȥ
һץסļ򣺡ɺѹģκ𣿿ңǰʱ򣬼ʲô
ɺʹᶼˣٲǰʱˣ˻飬ȻЩԣá
˵͵ʲôʶ˵ˣǰʱ򣬶緢鱸δǣͳ¾˽ʿ
⻰ɫ˲ͱˡ
ǰδǣͳ¾˽ʿ
ԣûܻܿнʿ
ɸˣ
ûμεĴǣ
¾ǿԲμӣӦûаɣ
뵽̲ס˼ʡ
ͳ¾ϵãһѧʡ
һͲܲμδǣҪТꡣ
¾ȴܸнʿǰ;
Уαȵϳ¾
˶ɥˡ
dܣ̲סɺһۣοܣ̫ࡣѣĲѧ϶ܹС
˵ͷҲֻοԼˡ
dɺɼǵãδǵǰ׶˭
ɺ˲±ƣĶǵס
һδǣÿζǰס
״Ԫܹߵλģм
-

198 

ɺ벻δǵǰ׶˭
ǰǷŰʱڲСο£ǵǰ׶ʲô֣
ɺСĹ۲dɫ˵ǷŰʱһڲУǰ˭ûʲôӡǵ;ߵò˳
ǵ˴٣ܸЩӡŶԡ
dһ˵εǰ;˳ҲͲǿˡ
ֱӻ˸⣺أˣ
ɺ̴֪񣺡ӱϡ
˵ɺ̲סٴζ˼
һӣֻҪΪ¶ӣͿĸƾӹ󣬳ΪµĽ
ȽȥˣĶӾµĽ
޸ɱȼ޸ǿˡ
ɺ޵ǣȻϾ
ȣû
dһ𴽽΢΢һЦ󡭡ӱϣô˵ⲡβˡ
ɺСؿһۣǴŵӣָ˵ϣΪ˽ӡܹ½ӣµȲ꣬Ҫˡ
dԣһۡ
ɺĻţܾdѾ˼̲סٸӡ
˭֪dͻȻ˵˵ǰµʱȣ
ɺ˲ҰʶdȻ˼
dһֱֱŵͷƤըˣd˵ɺ˼գҪЩĶȻ磬ҲȲ㣬𣿡
ɺ𾪵ؿ˵סȴֲҡ
ԥãŲĵ֣Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôԣ
Ϊ̫ʺֻ뵱ѡ
ΪʲôԵ̫ȴУ
dȴֻǷܵЩ飬֪ġֻҪ֪׵Ĵ磬һĸͬѪҾẦ㡣
Ϊʲô
½ӣѵ
ǸɵѾͷô򵥵鶼벻ףȻΪʲô
οǵ˽ŮλĿܣ
һ£ý֪
dϣɺȥʵɼǵãսΪλ޸ܣ
ڿ͵͵˶䡣
⡭ɺƬ̲˵˵ףжײ糤࿡Ľ޸˶硣
͵
ս
޸
̲סԼ
ȷʵúܲǵխZҲӡ
սòɣ
ѵ˵սϲ
̲סЩ졣
ɱ
ɲϲսŰŮӡ
սؼ޸͸ϲˡ
üͷЩš
dȴ뵽һܣЩ˸
ܿʣԭˡأ㻹ǵö٣Ǻʱģ
ɺֻüش𣺡
һ£ּ˵ǰ³ɵĻ飬һ£У
⻰һdɫˡ
ʶ˵ҪΪТ꣬Тڷ޲ͬǡ
d⻰ɫ͸ѿˡ
ǵȵ
ТʧڣϾⱲҲԵ;
Ҳܼ޸̫
컹Ǹ˸Ц
ǸûǸûЩ鷳
d˵ɴɺԼ롣
㾲һúνսǸ
ɺ͵͵һۣɫѿҶ죿
ڰͲd벻

ҹɫˣܶѾ˯֮С
ƮҡУһ俴ͨСڣһϵȴڳü˼
ǰһףԼöűҡ
ҡϵüͷԽԽ
Ծ
񲻸ʱ
˭ı
񲻹ǸͨˣΪλܵ췣
ϵ˼ã͵ʲôֿʼԡ
űҲͣײŹףһ졣
ҡκõ󣬷ɿ쿪ʼ㡣
ģĶͷð亹
ģ亹ԽԽࡣ
Ľϵ͵˿Ѫɫ䡣
ˣ
ˣ


Ȼױˣ
ǡΪѣˮһաھȻˡǳһƱ㻯
˭˭ıһУ
ѵ˵λչ
ϵ뵽ֿܿʼ˲㡣
˭֪˸ͷɫ䣬˺ôһѪ
˶ήȥ
ϵĿѣǾȻ㲻ս
˸ͷ⵽˾޴ɣ
ʲôˣӻ
-

199 棬͹͸

ϵ麧Ȼټ㡣
ĬĬȥǵѪؿǰĹ׺͹űңް
ʱϷͻȻһס
·ھ档
ϵɫһ䣬ܿ˾

һҹ꣬ڶɫˡ
ҽշתһҹȴر硣
ûͣȲȥӣҪȥ
Ȼرŵ
˵ýǲý
Ҳϸ
ҽģ̫̫
Ȼ˺һҲûȵˣӶ
ʹˣע
һҲٵȣȥ͡
˶Ӳֻ
ȴֱ̫̫
ǳóԵġ
ҽһ۾һ
۽üҶڲסЦ⣬ﻹв׵ģ
᲻û»úúõģ
Ȼ̫̫ܲģ
˹ˣ˳ȻܾȻ
ҽȻ˲²⣬ǵ濴ʱﻹǾòš
ԥһ£߹ȥס̫̫̫̫֪๫ˣɷϷȥ
̫̫һ⻰̾Ǹ๫ڻܼˡ
չ˵ˣ๫ûȹΣڣڻΣգܻܲÿ⣬ǼˣĻָҽĪҪ
ҽ
ܼˣ
Ÿ
Ϊ֪źͽȥˣ
Ƿⲻ
ҽƣ̫̫ǸŮˣܲΪѣֻ˿һó·ȥˡ
վ˻⣬սЩŹʱúúʣ
˭֪ҵȣսȻû
ҽ˺һʵסˣȥԺ

սæš
ᣬһˮ
صɰˣĥˮ
ɰָʾûȥĹֻ˼չȥģæĥ͡
񣬵һƷѾĥ˳͵սǰ
սϸϸ鿴žƬر⡣
ΪǵһγԣֻôĥһЩ͹͸
һ˼򵥵ͼֽҪ״Ҫ
ֻǹɣĥ״Ǻܹ淶Ҳ⻬кܶĥۡ
˵ǿеŴãЧҲ̫ˡ
սոսɰ´ĥҽˡ
Ͼ¸أԵŰݷãսð˾֮⣬ƽ
ҽһͿϰŵ͹͸̲ס࿴ۡ
ս״˵ҽϸ
ҽȷʵЩ棬սô˵ʹ󷽷һ͹͸
˼ۺ󣬻ǿȻ
ʵˮΪεģ
ˮӣ룬ҼģûŹֵģ
˵ɣû񻨣һ㶼ÿ
ҽ̲סЩ
սףȡһ飬Ȼһˮ񣬸ҽ˸ʾҽ
ҽ״æԡ
Ȼ;ˣ⡭⡭
ⶫȻôõģ
ԣΪʲôôһգϵ־Ȼˣ
ѵϷ
Ҳ̫ˣ
սܾȣҽôΣ
ҽҡҡͷ˵ЩɵҲǸСˡ
벻ⶫʲôá
սЦЦ⡣
˾ܾ漼ɣѵǴ֮ãЩɥ־Ķ
ȴֻ֪ҪжˣһͨС⣬ȴдá
սöรȡ廨˿ߣȻ˵ҽǺܺ棬ΰ߶ֻҪ㴩ߣҾ͸㡣
ҽ͵ǰߣʱЩɵۡ
룿
ûɹѽ
ҽе㶪뵽ᣬǾԡ
ֻǵߺٴɵۡ
廨Ҳ̫ϸˣôСĶҪôߴȥ
ֲŮˣҲ̫Ϊˡ
ҽ̲סսȥȴ΢Цҽѵô򵥵鶼᣿
ҽ˼ϣ
ֻҧԣ˺üҲûȥ
ϰ죬겻ѡ
Ҫʱ⿴ǿ͹͸
һ˲䣬ҽͻȻ뵽ʲô
ʶǿ͹͸׼廨롣
һգ廨Ȼ˲٣ҲôЩ
ҽ뵽ߵĻ϶׺ܶࡣ
һ£ûгɹ
ֻ֣͹͸ûߡ
ҽɿսЩŹ֣ѵΪ˴ߣ
սҽ˵Ц
ҽһѵбô
-

200 ԩ״״

ҽ֮ͻȻԼеɵ
ⶫȻܹŴߣȻҲܰѱĶŴ
뵽ս͵ҽҲˣⶫзŴá
ԣֻҪҪŴĵطõ硭ߣ廨ֻ͡
Ǳҩĵʱܷǿҩĵϸڣڱ˺Ū
ڸôҪõˣȻȥ
ҽãֻǸСⶫССһƬȴܰǵ۾ʱ򣬶õ
ֻǾ˴Դĥδ깤ҲδǶԵôֱЩѵǴ֮ãҽЦˡ
ҽⷬඥ˲͹͸Ĵô
û뵽һ鿴ͨľƬȻô
ֻ̲סЩڨڨյûš
ҽ˹֣ĳªţùЦˡ⾵Ƭƺã֪Ҫר
ôܹȫƹ㣬ܹ㲻ˡ
սЦЦȾƬɹȻƹȫֻǾƬĥףƹ㿪۸ҲȻơ
ҽȻ⾵ƬȤûȥԿЩô
ҽһȤ
սкü龵Ƭûǿ顣
ˮʲô̫ϡĶС˵㲻ùء
µҲ޷
Ȼ￶Ϸȴ֮ˡ
ҽЦе˵꣬ͻȻᣬ̲סʵ֪Ϸʱܼ᣿
սʱ䣬ֻǷܵǾҪʲôʱܼˡ
ҽƵؿʵû취ֻ˵Ϸڵȵȣ
˵ǣȴͻȻ뵽ľס
ԥƬ̺̲סʵϷȥ츮ˣڸѪ˵üأѾ졣Գ֣֪а취Ȼ
սܾ񣬿ɻ̲ס˳
ʵϣʱ򣬾̲ס뵽սᡣ
ҲڸѪ߹ǣ˶ӡ
սڶš
ȻأǸȴҪЩ
ĺܺ棬սܾܲ
սЦõȻֲɣܾ췣
ҽ
Ŷ˵ƵĻս⻰ĵĻǹģ
սɫȴЦؿɾ͸·ܹ˵ġ
ҽĪЩĻţٲҶϸ뿪
ߺսųع˴ǡ
ҽǸˣѾָ֣ò
Σ
ѾǸˣҽλɣ¶Ѿ䶨
Ц֮ʣµľƬԴĥ
ڵļ̫ЩҪ񣬻ǵÿԼС
սȫ׵ĥߣȻͰԼ鷿ڡ
Ŵ£һֻܴĥƬȴѾΰӿ
dԴӻսǸʹʲôĳˡ
˳ϴס
ֻ·ͬСɣϸı⶯֡
d벻ǣûü֣ͷѾУ
ҽȥսʱһڵͻȻܵű٣״ռǿŮ״
һܿھﴫ˿
вٰڱﰵ϶̫Ǵֱˡ
˱״
Ĵ滳ɵİ۷׷ס
Ϣܿ촫ȫǡ
ߵģֱܵſӷ൰ӡ
Ǿǲȥӵġ
Ǵ죬òҶӶϡûȥˡ
ӵĶǷ൰ӡ
ɰ˶Ļˡ
ҵǱ˾ţл̻̲ұ˸淢Ǿ͸סˡ
Ǵһ󣬹ȥǰǳȥ
dͽòᡣ
õҪˣdסˡ
ֻҪߵģdܴȵط뿪
϶Դ˺̲ܲסddôǶˣͿ
ǿģûأܾôߣֱĶ͸÷ȥ
dɫܲÿĸףǷǳʱڣ˫۾ڶǣǽǷȥ˻οң
Щ˼ȻߣǿסģҪ»
ȥ˼ӣҪ˶
󷽷ذ˷ųȥΪܲȵ
ֶΪ
ֻҾһ⣬ҪٶɽͲòøࡣ
׸˻ԩɺϣ
-

201 Ļ

ҵ´÷зۺܿ顣
£ԽƲ
û˸ŵ䡣
¼ˣûȥһۡ
ұ飬ִ÷зû
˭ʱߵýȻҪ˻ɣ
ټǱ׻˭ҲԸһǴ֮ˡ
һü죬Ҷſȸ
ǣǸ÷磬
һ屻飬Ȼʱûץȴ뿪š
Ҫ᣿
ֻܼͣ顣
ǶգʬܹþЩ
գʬˡ
ˣ˻Ǹе̻̲
µɺǰȻ˼ʮ꣬ȴδ̣̲סd磬Ǿôȥ𣿡
dĿȣΣ
ɺĻţ뵽ұ飬ǹѵһ취û𣿡
ô
dɫһؿʵžǣĪҪٺ˵˵
η˹ҡ
Է϶ڶ͵
ʲôãһˣ͵ǽѱ͵Է
ڲܶ
ú£˼룬µģ
˵󲽶ȥ
ɺԿЦ
ôôأ

ҽ𾪵ؿųᣬ˵ˣ㡭߹ǣôµأ
Ѳ߹ôȬˣ
ôܣ
Ҫսˣ
Цеɬչ˵ãָ÷ǳֻҪ߹ǴͿµߡ
ߡ߹Ǵҽ˲Ȥʲôҿ
֪¸أ˼ܾͽ⿪·ˡ
ҽŷ֣洩һֵģеǻ׵Ķ
ⶫǲģкܶŵĹǼΪ֧š
ҽԽԽǾ棬֣⿴ͨġסȻܹ߹ǣֹ߹Ǵλ
սӵôģȻܹĺö
ҽԽԽ棬˫ȥ
̫̫һͿĻ档
˲ɫ߹ؿҽڿһҪϷСå
ҽܿƵʶ˹ȥЩ±ơ
̫̫񡭡ôֵֹģ
ûף̫̫Ѿ˹ὫͬʱƵ˵ҽչ˵ˣ๫ոջָЩֻǿܹµذˣϵ˿ڻ
ʲô
ҽ
̫̫Ĳãɿһ͵ϷͻȻѾܹµߣƣ˼䡣˵ʲô߹ǴЩ棬Ϸ˿
̫̫Ǻܲģչ˵ģ๫ᣬãԻָÿ졣ֻһֱŷڻָ߹Ǵ๫Ϻµߡ
˵˶٣Щõؽ˵ҽ㵣ģҲ๫ͷͽ⿪๫Ҫ
һ˵ҽ޵ݣҷ
ðɣˡ
ʱ̫ˣ߹Ǵʲôģû
˭֪ⶫȻܹµߡ
ǰ˵˶ˣ͵׼¡
˭֪սţżµˣ
ҪۿǴţ
ɾۿˣǾòš
ָô죬õԵʣ
ɲš
ѾͷһֱҴŲ϶ǸʲôҩүСӵ˻
УһҸᣬúѾͷ
Ūףģ
ޣŲ
ҽ뵽۾Ϳʼð⣬ֱؿ᣺ɷϷѸָΣ
᱾ʹӦǿӵ̬ȣʶӣѯ˼
̫̫ԥˣ֪òôӦ
ΪսȻģսǳŷҽЩ
ֻҪһ뵽ҽ׼£ˣ̫̫и̡
ҪǵʱսվʾԾᣬ嶯֮¾ðճԣˣܻվ
̫̫һҽûɫ
ԥʱս˹
ﻹһСӡ
Ц˵;Ȼҽ뿴ɡ๫ָûҪĵҽǵ¸صǰҽֻ꣬شæɷָܻøЩ
ʵҲǲܰῪҩ壬ֻ֮ǰᣬ˵Ǿηرֱӿҩ˻ˡ
˾á
-

202 Ѿͷң

սЦеؿҽüʮֺÿȴҽĪëȻ
ôãѾͷЦСꣿ
ȻѾͷʲô⣿
սһۣͻȻע⵽ŵСӡ
ӱģЩ£ǲ֪ͷװʲô
ҽģЩ棬̲ס˳װʲô
սѺҽǰһͣҸҽ׼ۿžҪˣ͵ʱҽˡ
ҽЩ죬սȻ

ԣģ
Ȼ񣬲Ӧȥʱ
һضûС
ҽ͵͵̣˫ȴرʵһ͸ģȲؽ˹
ͬʱǫȻרŸϷ׼Ϸô·ءȻ׼ˣϷȴ֮ˡ
˵䣬˺ӡ
ֻһСССӣԼһŴ󾵣
ҽĶ˲𾪵صԲ۾ЩЩǡ
˵ҽоٵĹߣ˴ЩС⡣ϴ׵һʱ鼱ˡ
ºҷЩߵĳߴ״̫ʣ˸ĶһߡҽԺҪ֣׹߱ȽϺá
⣬֮ǰ˵ľƬѾĥˣ˽ǶΪŴ󾵡ҽſɻ˳֡
ҽһķŴ󾵣Щߡ
һ֣ͷ⾵ƬǶ֮Ȼ˳˺ܶࡣ
ֻҪĻǵ˰÷Ŵš
ԣҪԼߣñ
뵽ҽ̲סսһۣЩԹ
Ѿͷң
սЦеظӣʵҽǶﲻ⣿ĻҸ㻻һ
ҽһ⻰ŵøϽ˺ӣرڻͲˣϷǳ⡣
һ
ҿ϶Ѿͷ϶ջȥˣ
Ųɣ
ҽսʵҿƺָòҪ꣬ô
᣺
̫̫
ȻЩεسսȥ
ס˺ü죬ͿˣԵĻǻϣܹؼҹꡣ
ŵ̫ߣ棬Ǿ㵣ҲѰ֪ĳʲôˡ
սؼң˵ָûУվͻȥɣ˻ûȫָҪǵûҩ
⣬ڼ䣬˯ƽɣҲصĶʲôܹѾ֮ңˣδؾȵ㡣
ʵֻǲСĳ˿ڣ߹Ǵλܾȵġ
һҪ¶ҽ
νȻ˵ᣬã
һΣĽڻ˭ţ
ѧҽһ£ҾȻһˣֻ̫ãδػҽ
Ҫ֪ҽѾ˻׹ǵĳ̶ȣҪˡ
սɲԼ鷳
º鷳һʼͰѻ˵ԼСģĪҪ鷳
Ȼôһ˵޶˶ʮء
Ǹмظսл֣µر֤ȥȻСĽ
Ϊỹˣûսд񣬾ֻǹֱ˸л
ֱ̫̫ӾҪ£սסˡ
ִģĲϲ˸Լ¹
̫̫¹򣬿е˵ҾᣬֻԣʱûаվȻܹ˵þ
οһʼ˵ǻԺҪΪ£ͱˣʰһ¾ͻȥɣǼҲõȼˡ
˵⣬·ֻܹá
̫̫ȴô룬Ƕ֪ս֣ѾǸˡ
ʮָм
֣µ˵ĳһܹΪ£ĳĸܹ֡ҪĳʲôĳԸΪͿء
ս̬Ⱦ⼫ˣȻòͿأֻڵƷЩ⣬Ժðҵİ취ȥ˰ɣֵˡ
̫̫һɫǴ䡣ξ£Щ¡
ս˵İ취⣬Ҫİ취Ī˿ûôˡ
սܿתȥ
ֻߵʱһֱŵġ
Դһֱ̽ͷ̽ԡ
ͷ˶ڲѾǸˡ
Ȼ߳Щ˵ı϶ǳ˼
ϧ

-

203 

ûʲôͬҼһ׼Źꡣ
ԽԽܶ϶ϲģСЦ
Ҳ⡣
һҾǳƲȫûмϲ졣
һλ긾˲ͣĨᣬʲô¡
һֱѹţû޳
ͻȻԱߵ͵վУҵȲȥˣǻҲҪȥҪˣ
һŵøϽסУ㲻ȥʲô˼ңҪȥˣ뻢𣿡
ҲٵˣôȥˣҾҪ֪Ůڵǻ
⻰һ뵽ʲôͻȻ
죬ĿƵģԵøѹ֡
ڼţҡ
ҸһȥϷ޵ģҪҲҪһ𣡡
ãǾϹͷŮָ
ԼˣҪš
Ƕ֪󣬺ܲģҪһȴסˡ
˵㲻ȥҸѾˣҲûʲô㻹ᣬȥ
ȭͷƴţ˵ܲȥɣ
ֻţһ·ڶʱװ·ˣһ֡
һͷ
ǲ֪ǣԴһұӵвڷͷţȥ¡
һв˵Ϣ
ռҲ̵ģſϷ
ռҽõģҲڵռνˣճ
ǣ˶
̽ӱɵ⣬뿴ҪӦԡ
ڰȥҪ˵ģҪòˣɾкϷˡ
⣬öԶԶţȻŹߵǰ׼š
ӽظߣɵĺţ;ľµҪ
Ҫţ˭֪ͻȻˡ
˲
Ŵ򿪵ԽԽ󣬽ţͿˡ
˲ɵۣ۾Լˡ
һԵŮҲɵˡ
ŮȻúõػţ
ǣΪʲôҲû
˵̫أû
̫̫ȷӦôˣҪؼأǵ𣿡
һڣҲ˵ԼȥˣǺαһأ

᣿㡭û̫̫𾪵ؿᣬԼռˣ˵Ѿ
̫̫Ͻͷ˺˵˵Ȼ˵úأչȻˣ㿴ڻúúõģµˡ
⻰һʶ
Ȼɫõúܣǰ컹˵ˡ
ˣǡչȵģչ
̫̫˵Ȼ˭㲻֪չլʺ񣬿Ǹˣ˶ں˵˵ڮ
ʱԶԶŵķϴҲˣ첽ǰ𾪵ؿŻᡣ
˰ΣͻȻһ⣺ãСǲˣ
һſ̫̫ǣŵС
Ȼ𾪵ط֣Ȧ
Сߺ˾㿴ˣҲû֣
⻰һһ˶̲סЦˡ
һֱŵĳ䵽ʵ
ûﲻˣôаһ㿴¡
ɼںͷûܿ࣬Сӻòأ
뵽ͻȻԼԺֽɫ͵һ䣬һԵ˵λ׳ʿֽתү
ͻȻҼԺʯͷ͹ֽֽд֣˵ŮһѾ̲סǰѯʡ
ȴû뵽ԭŮһҶúúõġֽҲ֪˭Ķ磬Ҳţ׳ʿæתү
˵꣬͵عڵϣɿͷлү͹Ĵ£
һɣ˵˵ʲôͷǹǲĿˣ¹¶ĸų־ˣɲΪͷġˣǸϽȥɡ
û¹򣬰ֽӺ󣬾ʹż뿪ˡ
Χ̽ۿ߳ΪԼ˹ֱ뿪͵ػع񣬷׷ܻȥš
ǰϢȥϢ˶Լǻˡ
û
ôܣ
ҽ˵˵̫أȲ
ô죬Ǹ͸͸
ôܻţ
Ǵͷ߳ģ
ôܣ
ѵҽ˻ѣ
Ϊʲôأ
ڼ֮ҲϢŵòˡ
ȻӦĻˡ
-

204 а

ҳº˲٣Ҳ
츮ˣǣ̫Ҳ߲ˣ°æ
ⶢҵģȥˡ
߳˺ܻܿȥˡ
ڼˣ˹˾ڸûȥ
Ѿµģֻʣdһ
ɺҲˣdŵòᣬʱ˾Ͳˡ
ɼ㲡˴ϣйעϢ
֪ȥҪ˵ʱ˶˾񣬻ڴϣͷϢ
ᵱʱ˵ôأ϶͸͸ģ޶Ҳˡ
ȥҪˣҪҪճ
뵽ȥȷʵǺܿʹϢ
ɴϢȻỹţ
ɺһϢ˾ˡ
ỹţ
ôܻţ
˵ôأҡǰ˵ӡ֣ʱģ
᲻
Ϊʲôû
ģ
Ϊʲô
ʱȴͻȻˡ
ӦòᣬȴǱ˾Ȼˣ
絽ôˣ
ɺܴǱͻȻ˾һӾͲȥ
ֵڴϣ񲻶˸ԥҪҪϢd
뵽dı仯־ú£Ҹ˵
ûףdѾˡ
ɺֻʣһū澣dһͰ˸˳ȥ
Ȼһѽɺʵսɻҽ
ɺҡҡͷôܻҽ϶ᣡ
dһԽڵսǸ
򴽣Ҫ뿪ͻȻ뵽ʲôɺǸᣬ˵
ɺԥŲ֪ô˵
dԥɫԽɭһסɺĲӣ˵ǲǣң㶼֪ʲô
ɺֻòһץӲٲҳɣ˵ҡ˵ٹ꣬»Ǵļգ֮ԽԽࡣ
дһŮˣ˵ɷǸӣΪ˶ħˣϧûܳɹΪը¯һԹ¶ĸʮֿͷˡ
dɫøѿԣ᱾ʱģ𣿡
ɺµص˵ͷʵҲ벻ףΪʲôû
d״ӢݳŤ֮ǰ˵ײʱֱ֮ǰúõػţˣ
˵ᣬȴǺö˶˵ػţȻǸһΪ˾ᣬа˸ף
ɺһа֣µøˡ
а
սʲô
ΪʲôҪ
ս˸ףһǲǾֵˣ
뵽ԼսĹڣɺ;ֲѡ
սôս϶Źģ
УҪԾȡ
ô죿
ˣҪսˣǲûˣ
뵽ɺ磿ô죿Ҫȥ淢𣿡
棿dͻȻЦһ˭㲻ùܣúûһδʮ궼Щ飬ո˵ҶҪ֪
˵ת˳ȥ
ҾԴУսǸа˸ףһҪ

⣬̽˺ܶࡣ
̽ӣ϶Ǳġ
ǵӣеץסСӣеǴ棬԰ںͷ̽
뿴ᵽû
Ѿ˳һЩ˾û˼ȥıҪֱӻȥˡ
ֻˣ͵͵ضš
Ϊ뿪󣬾ûʲôˡ
˭֪ûãĽٴδ򿪡
ȡżһƽƽƵʻ˳
ʣµ̽˲˾ĿƵؿܺĵʲôˡ
̫ͨĿ϶Ǻӣ׻˭أ
ûͣʻ˳ȥ
͵͵ȥ뿴˭
ȻǾȵط֣ҽ
ţҽŸľУϲ̵߽˼š
ľбƵرţͷҲ֪װЩʲô
ҽӾ֪Ķ϶ܲһ㡣
ܿ죬ְ̽Ϣ˻ȥ
ûãҽ¡
˭֪ҽ׼ֱӱлͣ˭Ҳ
¸أãǾȨҲֱӲ
ۿҽвֻͨ辶͵͵ȥ̽
̫ҽԺ̫ҽǣ̲ס
ᵽôģ
-

205 ˲û

̫ҽסȥҽ
˵ҽлͣǾҲߡ
ǵҽǲſϰݡ
ôģǸҽϵġ
ܲð˸ϳȥֻҽ
ҽμˣֻüǡ
һͱˡ
Ϣͨģ̽ľӡ
ҽƲѣֻܽľ˳
û취˵Ƥʵ̫ˣ
óȻҪҲߣ
ۿϾҪˣǳҪ
ҽϣʵҫ
ľӣ֮ǰˣͷĶɲһ㣬ֻܿûУ
̫ҽϽͷ֪֪ˣ򿪸ǿѽ
ҽҪ򿪣ͻȻ뵽ʲô͵ְѸӹˣУȷģ
̫ҽ˲ɫ
ģ
ҪҪôݣ
Ҫǰͷˣ˭ң
Ƿ˸ģأ׺䣬һ٣󱻻˽̿
ôӰǰͷ˭ҷģ
֪֮ĺѾŵò
̲ס˵ϣⷢģе˰ɣǱֻ֤ԲҶ⻹𣿡
ҽڵƳһۣϷող˵ֻǷĲҶֲʲôֵҪλҪ㶼ȥɡ
Σԥ˺һǷ˶ġ
ûҷʲô׺Ҫԡ
ҽҲû⣬ǲ˵Ľڲ٣ò׵ıǷġ
ûǷʲô׺䡣
ʵ̫Щɲپһء
ȼ̫ҽ˶ģҽŴ򿪺ӣ¶Ķ
Ȼս͸ЩߣһŴ󾵡
ΪȽϾɣԶ˿̫ҽֻΧȥ
էһЩССӣûʲôġ
˲Щʧ
ҽЩбҪǷ𣿡
ǣЩҲģҽûҪôɣ
ģҽмذһۣŴ󾵣֪ʲô𣿡
ҡͷ
ⶫǻ治ʶ
ŴǲʶͷľƬ˳
һ̫ҽ˵ף͸ŵˮѵˮɵģ
˵žҪȥҽķŴ󾵣Ҫһ
Աߵ˸Ͻסǧ𶯣Ƿĵģ
һŵ̲ҶˣֻǺؿŷŴ󾵣ⶫǸʲôõġ
ҽ״Щ⡣
ɣȻȼ֮Щ˷˶ġ
ȻĻﲻʵˣߡ
꣬ſʼչʾŴ󾵵ôҫûУŴ󾵣ԽŴ󣬿
̫ҽһ㶣׷׷
ף⵹е˼
ƺЩô
ֻǽŴƺûʲôá
ҽ֪Ŵ󾵻Щô
ҽһ˾Ȼʶе㲻ʹ죬ϽȡصҰɽΡ
Ȼ÷Ŵ󾵣ҰɽεĲ·Ŵ
ûУôôֹһУӦϲֻİɣ
ֵֻͣм٣Ʒۡܲʶľһ
ڣⶫ԰ϸڷŴ룬ҪǼ͹ʱǽǺǣ֪ĺ˰ɣ
һ˲û
Ϊ̫ҽȻñҩġҩģҪҲ
Ⱦ͵۾Ȼñţͷ
ͷֻٵö࣬ҩٵҲ١еҩıͳò࣬ҩȴǧ
һϴҩҪģ
Ϊ̫ҽҽεĲǹĹˣǻ׹ݣԹ
ҩľ͸ܳκβ
ҩġ
Ǹ˿ʱ򣬽ľУһ۾
Ŵ󾵣ǲǱҩģǼ͹ֻǸ˿ʱ򣬶õ
뵽ǷŴ󾵵ˡ
˭뵽һͨСȻô
𾪹󣬺ܿ˷ӦĿƵسʣµĹ߿ȥ
εʵҽŴ󾵼ȻãʣµЩضдôɣ
ҽ̧°ͣһ˵ЩȻдô֪𣿡
̫ҽǸģͻȻ

ҽûãžͰս˹ȥ
սؿ̫ΪʲôͻȻ
ű˺һȻûʣʱ̲סˣ˵ҽ׼񣿡
-

206 ŵ

սһŵĻͲµ˵ʲô
ѹйȴһֱûڡ
ԭ˵ҽＵˡ
ֻΪףֱӿڸŮֺųĬϰ졣
ϧûܳס̲ס˿ڡ
սúЦЦ˳Ȼͷ֣ŵɫˡ
ġ
Ͻ˵ȷʵҽ׼һֱܺôᣬ͵͵һõĵߡ
´ȥ֪ٵĵᣬŴһ׸ʵĵ߸ѵʲôף
ȷʵǼˣȴû뵽սҽ׼ԭȻ
أӵĶûյŮ׼ҽһ˾Ȼյˡ
÷ǳԽܡ
Ͼֿ̣ǳ͢ҲҾãǷ˴Ҳɱͷ߰Ƥݣٵġ
ɼжпᡣ
Ҫ鴫ȥսõٵĵð˸
ʱ˻ô
žãս̫ˣ
ֻ뵽ԼոյϢͰͰ͵ذսʻͻȻе㶪
Щ˼ظɿһȻϵ˵ȣúܶԡҽ¸أڸס˺üգٽΪ׼һҲӦá
˵ԥһ£Ȼֽʵĸٳһ꣬и׼ʲô񣿡
սЦص˵ͷ׷ģĸĸ׵Ҷ׼ˣĸܵܣҶ׼һ
ɫʱЩÿˣЩȵصս·˵أôûң
սֱӱķӦЦˣǸϽ˵ȻҲ׼񡣱ʱ͸ףȻھҪ͹
ɫһ죬ʶ˭ھҪˣ
ս޹գգۣҪڲҪĻǾ͹ʱٸ
ţھҪ
ʽ껹мأ˵ݶˣٵȸ죬ģ
һӣԴǵ˵ʱ㻹ҪôæùڰɣȻ˼죬ǼҲЩ
ս֪ȲҪˣҲƴǣֱվȻˣȥȡ
ŵ˵ͷûԡ
սȥ̵Ц
ϾҪյŮ׼ˣһȫҵһյģ
ǲ֪Ůε׼ʲô
ҽһ˶Ĵһ׾ɵĵߣ׵ӦòĶȥɣ
ӣʼץӸεصȡ
˺üˣսڴˡ
Σı飬·һֱ濴飬ڵս
սһ˽
˽Ųû̧ۡ
濴顣
սƳһֱۣź˹ȥ
Ȼȵط֣õˡ
ǿı飬Ȼ÷ǳ档
ս
ͺˡ
ԥһ£Ǻĵû˫źӷϣЦ˵ףŮ׼ףнգн񳯡
̧ͷƴѹ̵ǣװ˵ţˡ
˵ս򷢳ȥ
ɲ˼սͰ𿪣
ַǳ֪װʲôֻսȥˡ
ֻûڸˣսЦ˵ײȿŮ⣬Ҫǲ⣬һüһ
ű˵ģô˵Ҳ˳ˮ۵ش˺ӡ
˶ԵԼôȲ
Ȼڴ񣬻ǳ
Ӻܿʹˡ
ſĶȴһ¡
ֻܹ
Ȼʶ
ǻͭģرİ֪ʲôá
һȽСɼ򵥣еľӣмľȫ͸͹ǿ˵ġ
һǸͲһͷСһͷ˶׸
˲Щʧ뵽ǱŮ͵ģǿ񣺡ţ͵⡣
ǲ֪õġ
սŴ󾵣ϵ֣͵ǷŴ󾵣зŴãƽʱҪȺþϸĶŴٿ
֪Ǹˣûн̫ࡣ
͸ŵŴ󾵣ҲҪ͸ҽĸӾɡ
ű;ͦǸʲôõģֻû˼ʣԵԼʲô
ô˵ʱȤ
Ŵ󾵣е˼
ʣµʲô
-

207 𾪣ε

űеʧַŴ󾵵ô󣬲ʣµĳͲȤ
ս֪ǵһοĶ϶ãҲ
ֱʣµĳͲȻСһͷ׼۾һͷ׼棬ʼ
ȵ˽࣬ŵݸţ׿
һֱĶͲ׼۾ʱ򣬾Ѿµⶫô
ֻǲ²ⳤͲʲô
ʱûͲŲ²ģͲ֮Ķ
ԵӹͲʱȻͦ棬ҲֻΪԿʲôϡ
˭֪һͷԶķӱر
ԼңԸĽǳϤ
һͷ־⡣
͵ƿͲۿ˿־ˡ
ȻͲ˿𾪵ط֣ԶĽٴαر
ſһĶЩģ
ܿսתͲĶҲתת
Ȼһתͷ֣Ļڷ仯
˼Σѧ˸ôܿѻˡ
𾪲ѣ˲սֱӷɱ˳ȥȻݶųͲԶ
˺üһ𾪵ȥ
˫ץ֧Ͳ·ϡ䱦
սȻͲµԶ̵ִĽ˵Ǹ
ȴҲû뵽ŵķӦô
֧ԶľƬԴĥģȻڵĹ߼ªܺ;ĥľƬִĲ
ֻûжĤִרҵԶ϶ûȡ
ɼˣĶֽ˵ҲǾԵĺöˡ
ŵķӦ֪ⶫж
Żص鷿ֵ֧ͲԶðβս
͵̧ͷ𾪵ؿսʣ⡭ⶫⶫģ
սԱ˵ĳɹԼҵ衣
˸ѣʵǴˮ˸ֵΣǸĵط
кܶϡŹֵĶ֮ǰյǦʣԡ׺Ͱ￴ġ
Ҳǣ˽ͲԶһ˫ͲԶڻû
Ҿİ취Ҳѧģֻһֱ˵Ҳ֪Ǹʲôط˵ǻаˡ
뵽ЩϡŹֵĶôãҾԿܲ˭֪Ȼɹˡ
˵۰Ͱ͵ؿţ˵а𣿡
Ȼǣ̷ˣĺöаܹģ϶εˣ
Ķֻɲɣ
뵽̲סֿĵͲԶ
Ȼŵսⶫôģܡ٣Ѳѣ
ս֪϶ⶫо棬ͼ򵥽͵ֵͲԶԭʵܼ򵥣һ͹͸һ鰼͸ټֳͲֻǾƬĥѣʱ޷
ĥ־ƬǲѣһܹĥȻޡ
ٶҪڵĹ̫࣬ҪǱ¶϶˻ɡ
ս㱩¶Լ
ԶֻΪ˰ţһϲ
ںǽȽ׵˵ڵļһ㣬ĥҲȽ
ţֻҪҪ϶ܹɽĽպͼ
ϾŴ˻Ǻܶġ
ֻǺܶ˶ûʩչԼ˼ĻᣬԷԽԽ١
ԶֻҪ֪Զĺôϲ̵Ļʵۿ϶ܹᷢɽǴĥľƬ
ʱ󣬹Ϊ˽ʡʱȻ뷽跨ظĽա
սĺܶࡣ
֮ǰרר˾Ϊ˼˵˼룬ֻǹ⿿ר˾С
רŵоԺ£Щ͵˲ţԼרŵо⣬ǵо
ƾ롣
»
սԶԭó龵ƬĶ뿴
׼ġ
ſ֮Ȼš
ССľƬһͲȻԶ
龵ƬϸͻȻ⡣
æʵ⾵Ƭˮģ
ս˵ͷȷˮξΪˮ񣬲Żȥᡣ˭֪˴Ʒʼõˮ񣬾Ȼȥȥʱˮû꣬Ȼȥҡ
ţ
ʵͲˡ
սô˽ӵҪĿܲ⣿
ỹûѣͰ˲˸׳졣
սⷬ뵽̣ЩˮͻȻ;
-

208 ս

뿳ˣ٣ǸỹǡǱѹֶӣ
˵̲סԹؿսһۡ
Ǹͻ̣öֱϧʲô
ս⸱ģȥˡ
ǸϽ͵֪⾵ƬˮĥҲ
ֻҪճ͸ݵͿƬʱ򣬲
Ȼʶ̣˺ܶˮյķҲˡ꣬Ҫ˺õöࡣ
ҾƬˮҪ͸ʣҲ̫СܹﵽҪȻˮ̫٣ֱճ
˵úе
뵽ĺʷ̲סģǸӣβԼը𣿡
ķˣӵĶҲ߰㣬ԲŻը¯֪ɳգɱ˵úܡ
űǸӣ⻰սǲǱȾˡ
ʲôɳգţɳճ
ɳӸҲ̫˰ɣ
Ȼԣ͵ƺˡսЦƶҪǿ꣬ûȫָѾճˡȹ꣬ҾͽῪʼ
ŻǾòš
ʲôɾúܣȻҲᱻΪ֮߱һ
Ҫⶫɳճ
žҪģŮͳˡ
սǲĴûм˵⡣
ǾԶǾԵĺö׸¡
˵⻰ʱﶼڵѪ
ֻͨϡ϶ˣϾǱŮ׼
ⶫƫƫǸԶо棡
̫ҪˣֻҪǻ̵ģͻ֪жá
ıãȻֻҪóȥ˾ͻֿ֪ı
һ۶ֱ֪Լţ
οⶫܼ
Ǿ͸׸ۣҹ졣
ǣǱŮ׼ô׳ȥʵ᲻á
žἫˡ
˭֪սһȻ˵赣ģһ׼֧ĵͲԶһ֧Ǹ׵ģһ֧ȹʱ׿׸¡
һ˿
ܿ־òʹ죬սŮȻ׼
һ룬սѾͻȼ޹ȥ󣬾۵ĶϱԺĻᶼ٣̲ס
Ҫ˻顣
ƫƫ黹˲ˣ
Զûȥ۾Ͳ˻顣
ȵԶȥ˻͸ˡ

ſս޹䣬˱Ȼʱˡ

ŷ˷ҡ
ǵʱ򣬷һһƬƲ˶ȥģڼجġ
飬Ҳˡ
˭֪ȥ˾Ȼػˣ
һڣ
ۿȻģµߣûһȫˡ
ǣܿ챻ŰΧ
Ҫ̫̫ƴһֱ˵ϻˣ
类ֵذǹˡ
ˣỹǽ⿪£˿洩ŵ߹Ǵ
÷棬һظп
ȴǰս죬˵Ƕܻ
˭Ҳû˵սῪŵ¡
Ƕ֪صˣ֪ж˼˵ȥֻ𶯡
˶û˵
ϴ߹Ǵ滹аıȻܺ棬Ҳû˼ȫˣǿ˿ڡ
룬̫̫Ҳ⡣
һڷ緹ͻԼҡ
ˣһֱڷǲʡ
Ҳвݣʱ϶Ҫ߶
̫̫ǵˣͲȥˣ᲻СĿ
ǸջؼûãھǾˡ
ġ
ȻûھǶȵúܣ뿴ϵˡ
һΣ̫̫ûӦˡ

̫ŵϢֶ̥
ϴζ̥ۺŻʺ
ǴζеȻǱסˣҲŵòᡣ
ԴԺ󣬽رСġ
룬Ȼš
ƴţסŭ
룬̫ŵʱ򣬾Ȼ¡
һʼֻ˵½˵һȤ£֪
̫ϵ¶ֺ棺֪̫˵ʲôȤ£
̫̼˵֪֮ǰ洫ǸᣬȻû
̫
-

209 һȺϷ

̫һԵ̫ӣֻ˿Ѫ
챻ˣ̫ӾȻ˵
ҷ
ֻװ𾪵˵ʲôᾹȻûѵȻˣ
̫ӿô𾪣е쳣ο
п𽣬ҲŰɣ˵µʱ򣬻ΪˡԭΪ˵ôأ϶ǻˣ˭֪Ȼûһ˳ѲλչҽȻҽã
̫һ⻰;ѻ̲ס˵²º
λչҲѧһµҽܹȵһ˽֮ˣ
Źգǵ˵أָ죿żûһµߣ
̫ô˵˳˼
ᣬȷʵǻָ̫Щ
Ѳɣͷʲô飿
̫Ѿ˽ȥֹ˵˵˺ͱ֮ҽҲӽ˺ס˺ü졣ˣӦð˲١
̫˳˼˺һ˵ã˵òأҽ˻ţᣬҲȵģ
̫ЦЦֻǾãǰδ˵չλʦѧҽѧҽһ£ҩϲȫҪ˵ܾȻһ˱ˣʵ̫ˡ
⻰˵÷ǳ̫ӱ;̫棬ⷬˡ
ֻЩ벻ף˵ҽ¸أΪҪչϷأ
̫ζ˵ʲôȲѵɰɡ
̫һ⻰üͷ
Ѳɣҽвȣ
ΪҪô
սѾͻֲܵŮҽβ
ôʲôã
ѵΪ
֮ǰóǦʣѾ㹻£αضһ٣
̫Щ벻ס
Ҫ˵սѧ˲һҽ;ȻҽҲȲ˵ˣҲû취š
ԣѵҽ˻ѣ
̫ٴ˳˼Ҳٸ̸̫ˡ
̫ǡ

̫̫˵սҽŶ̲סᡣ
ս뿪ŵ鷿ͱ̫̫Ͻ˹ȥ
ڿϣˡ
սսݣͳս֣ĸúÿ
սһ¡
̫̫ôˣ
߹ȥɵһԣ˳Ʒס̫̫֣ɫظ
̫̫ưڵģͦô£̲סЦ㶼ѧ
˵ؿһԵѾ߸ĸӣ·˵ûУҼҹŮǴ
սһͷ̫̫ûʲôë˵ʹ˵㣬ÿ͹ţʵѾ˲١

˳װġ
ֻǣ̫̫ôͻȻװˣʲô
սԾúЦȴҲ
Ȼ̫̫øˡ
룬̽ʵ̿ﲻ
̫̫ĸҫأԸϽסĿڣ˵Ҳ֪ô£ǾĿڲ
˵˶٣˵˵ҽѾˣ֮ǰ㻹׼
˵̾˿ȻһοؿսҼұȻǳˣԽԽˡ
úܲۿŶˣҽڸס˺ü죬׼һҲӦá
㶼ҽ׼ˣǲҲøĸҲ׼һݣ
ûĸ
Ͻóĸ˸ˣ
ҲôҲôġսЦе˵װûп̫̫еڴ
̫̫һ㶼ϵʱˡ
˼ֱӸŮҪأ
ʵ˵ȥ鷿ˣǲˣ
ûأû飬ôңսЦЦȻͰŸˣ˵Ҹҽ׼Щˣûи׼
̫̫
ȣҹȥȻΪ̫̫뵽ս͹ȥĺӣģҿԽԽȥˣôˣȻŮҪ
ûյŮأȻˣ
治Ҫ
̫̫ﲻͣðˮ̲סʵˣ
սɵصͷڵʱٸеȲҾǰ͸ˡ
˵̫̫е㲻ˣʹóһСӣĸ˵֬ãϴĨϾУԿòá
ף̫̫սóЦ㻹
-

210 Ļ̫̫

ս򿪹ӣһĨֱ̫̫ϣѧŵģЧҪȼõĸЩ㿴ǲûô壿
ڵ֬õţ裬ϸϵƶɵġ
ʪãЩˬ
ģֱ̫̫Ĩ̲֬ס̾һ㶼塣
һ˶죬Ƥرɣ֬
ֻʵܲǷ壬֮Ͼ͵ģʵЩڡ
֬ˬƽʱõĶá
ƽʱõ֬ǹʹ͵ģõģѵŮģȹĻã
̫̫ȻԼұŮʲôãɻЩ𾪵ˡ
̾ĸȡˮϴȻȲĨս֬ʱˡ
̫̫˷ܲѣ̲סսĸ׼𣿡
˭֪սȻҡҡͷ⵹ǣֵֻ֬ģ˶У̵ܵأҸ׼
˵ִóһСɵĺӡ
̫Сˣһ֪ͷĶ϶û
̫̫ˣ̲ס͵͵²⣺ôСĺӣװѵǷ
Ȼβ٣ϲʤ
ֻǸ˹ˣȴ˵ⶼû꣬ôóˡ
˵һսСӣȲشˡ
ȻĶȴֱסˡ
ȻǷʲôôֵֹģʶ
Ҫսؿһۣȡϻ޲øɾĻҳȻ˵Ҹϻ۾õģҰϣԿòá
ϻ۲ԶĹҪȽ۸ӣûУҲûֱ
ܣԴ¿̫̫ĶȻͦ鷳
̫̫һǴ۾ϵģȻù죬ǵ˵ͷսϡ
ս̫̫ϻ滹װõϸӣ˵׹
ȫ̶ģȡֻ۾
̫̫ϺѾӶͦÿ
ǲ֪۾ʲôãװõġ
ֱ̫̫ͭǰԽԽˣϷ׼۾ǺÿϷ쿴۾ɺÿˡ
ѾҲ𾪲ѣǰֻ֪Դ뵽۾Ҳܴΰ
Ҵ֮ͦÿ
ϷҪǴ۾ȥһȦҪĽǵЩϷˡ
̫̫ȴû˵
𾪵ؿžԼ
ô£
ôˣ
Ͻ֣߽㣡
һ㶣ô£ϷǰҪԶܿ
ѵ۾Ϻ۾ˣ
Ҫ۾ɾͲ̫ˡ
ţʵϷˣҪժ۾ٿ
̫̫һЩ᲻õ۾
ȻϺ۾ܲϰߣˣǱŮ͵ģôժˣ
ʱսЦһ̣㿴ҡ
̫̫һ㶣ʶȥȻסˡ
ôô
ԴʹԺ۾ԽԽˡֻܿԶĶý˾Ϳˡ
ô
̫̫̲סսս󣬷øˡ
͸۾û֮ǰһ
𾪵գգۣܿµԭ򣺡ǡ۾
սЦŵ˵ͷϻϺ۾ܿ
ս˵ţ־ӣ·ϵĻɫ㿴ǲǿú
̫̫ϸһۣܿ˵ͷ̫ˣ۾ûʱ򿴵û۾ôģ
ȻġսЦŷ˹ȥ˵̣۾ϵĽǿԲжģҪǾ鷳Բֻ۾⾵ƬñãĥˣȻͿˡ
۾漰Ĺѧ֪ʶ̫࣬Ҫֱ˵̫̫ûô֪ôˡ
ʲô˵
̫̫Ը˵ûʣϸϸ۾
ѾܶûˣͻȻһɵö࿴ۡ
ս˷ˣּ˵̣۾һֱţȻ۾᲻ҪǾòˣժѾ߸㰴Ħһ۾Ϣһٴ
˵꣬Ը̫̫Ħһһ¡
ȻѰĦַѾߣѾÿĦ
̫̫Ħֻ֮۾ˣϽְ۾ϣúúãҶסˡ
ս뿪̫̫Ǿ˷ܲѣȥ˵һԺ÷һˣֿʲôӣ
-

211 Ҳ̫ˣ

ս̫̫Ƕ뿪󣬸ɴ˾Ժ׼õ֬˷֣˹ȥ
Ůõζõûʲôζ
խZûڼңû͡
յ֬ʱ磬⼫ˣ뵽ǱŮ̲֬סе⡣
Ϊӣֲ翴
͹ⱧԹôһˣֲСʲô֬𣿡
Ҫ֪ˣñЦ
һ⻰Ͳˣ־ȥǰСӣ㲻ҪĻ͸ңǱģȻ
ŸϽסСӣЩؿǶǻ𣿸ʲôǱ͸ҵģ
ЦողǺ𣿡
ظɿһҡⲻ̫
һˣ֬ʲôӣҪ֪ˣЦ㣿ǸҰɣвãҲ˷ѣҰˡ
ŸϽС˭˵Ҳˣ˰ɣ͵͵ã
ֻܲмط˸ۣԼıӡ
ϽСӴ鷿Ȼûˣš
ɫĸ壬ͻȻЩˡ
ϸţȷûʲôζ͵͵һ㣬Ĩϡ
֬˿˿ģĨϺͦ
ŲЩ˼ĨϽСӷòװԼղʲôûɹ
ʱת۵˰
խZ½˼ҡ
սһõϢ˰֬ȥ
õСӣЩ±ơ
ûɣ
þȻ֬
ǳúܺÿҲòĨɣ
˾ãֲ˼ȥֻˡ
˾ȻǣҪȥ̫̫Ƕ÷
˶Щ⣬Ѿܾû̫̫һùˣ̫̫ôͻȻǹȥ
ѵǿҪ꣬ǹȥԸԲ
Ҳôɣ
ȻĲ⣬˻ǹȥˡ
֮ͷ֣̫̫ܲһ
ϴ˸ֵġΡֵֹġ
ֵΪֱУʵеͲֿŵġΡǿ̫̫һ˵ӣҲ˵ʲôɥ
ֻװ⡣
Ҳеܲˣ˵
̫̫һ˶ˣط˷۾Ȼֱؿţ֣ϴҺúÿԭ㶼ô˰
һ±Ƶ߹ȥ֪ʲô
˭֪һ߽̫̫Ȼ̾Ϣԭ㶼ô˰
ţĶˣ˺ôˣ
ԣ۾Ѿô֪ϵģ˵İɣ
˵ʲô˭֪ûڣ̫̫ͼ˵ôôң֪úôҲϱ㡣
ʶӣֻең𾪵صԲ۾ܿ嶫ˣ
̫̫һַ˷۾ǿģ۾󣬵ǿˡǱԸģ˲֪˼ˡ
ʶϵ۾ڿǵı飬˲Ȼ
˵ôͻȻҪһԷˣԭΪҫ۾
ⶫȻôã֮ܿ
ף⾵Ƭˮ
ѲˮԶ۾ϻԿ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ȻţЩ̣Щˮ񣬺޲ðץһ١
Ƽ䣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôתͷһۡ
Ƕһ𾪣ƺǳս͸̫̫ͻȻ͵
̲סҫȷʵ̫ˣ׼ֱɶ칤۾棬Ҳ֪ôġ
սε£˵Ȼȥˣս˵δʲô¡
̫̫أô˵ɫ˲Ŷ׼ʲô
뵽֧Զ̲סЦһ⡣
뵽ǶҪԣܿЦݣȣǲǸÿˣ˰ɣҪȿǱ߳Ա˵
̫̫һϲˡ
խZ褿һĻЩ֡
ŵ֪ģյȻûҫⲻ
ѵΪΪһˣյ̫֬ݣԲ˼˵
ֵ͵͵һۣԼˡ
ùžͰǽе鷿Ȼ֣µóһӣһǿ֪͵ʲô
խZ褿ǰĳӣЩԾ
ǻΪյľ֬Ȼ
ʱŴ˺ӣǿɡ
-

212 ׸׶Ʒ

ŵĻխZ褶Щ㶡
Ƕ̬ȣԲҪҫʲô
ԣĶ϶ʲôŹ֣
ֵĬضһۣԼͬصͷ￴ȥ
һۣ˶֪ĻͭͲʲôá
ֱԸʾ÷ý࣬Լ
խZΪ磬ȿ
ֻһۣͳ˿
ȲͲĶ͵صɴ˫ۡ
խZأףⶫѵҲǱ͵ģ
ŵ˵ͷⶫеͲԶǱ￴ġ
սε£û̫̫硣
Ҳûֶܵܺǡ
ֻӡ
խZ褵ֻͣа˵иܸõرս
խZԶǴ󾪣
¶˵ʵڷ˼Щ
ŵ˵ͷǱǴˮΣһɣεɹȡ
˵кܶϡŹֵĶԶ￴ģ˳
ԶЧǶˣⶫо棬Ǹɱ
ȻԶɱˣܿоȷжϡ
ⶫ̫ҪˣһѾҪҪö࣡
խZ褶ϹսȻ֪Զļֵж
ƫƫⶫսġ
ֵһۣԽԽء
Ǳˣǻܺԥذ׳ȥ
Ǹսǵ׵ãǱýòУ
úխZʵ״δ֧Զ
üͷ˵ˣԶԭʵܼ򵥣ҪľƬŪ
ѾͼֽңҰд˳ֻⶫҪôȥǵúú롣
˵ε¾˵ȥⶫȻҪȥ±˵żȻġ
խZµǿУֻ±Ҫ죿˿ǿ۾֮
˶٣ּ˵бҲúúʣεЩʲô
˵ҹ̫ˣʱεʲô
ֵһ١
Ȼϸһ룬Ƿˡ
ʱ٣ɡ
СĽԶպãֵԶװںЩᡣ
Զ˭Ҫأ
ϧԲ԰Զʱ
ֵֻؿŰԶ
СĽӲغãȻͻȻʵһռ£ȷ𣿡
˵е֤ȷ䣬ǵ֮˹ӣб
˵ʱǴЦ̺ĴȾѪ
Դսڽ˵ɺˮˣϵ֤
Ǵ˽ͽ
ڸˡ
ͻȻ׻ʵںš
ͻȻ״һ壬϶ռˮ
׼ȻռλЩΣա
ռԣǴ
飬δ̫λߵļɻ䡣
Щ׻Ҳǡɡ
ȫһ̫࣬ռҿûϵ
Цݼ䣬ҳô£˸ʱǡ
ŵ˵ͷͻȻʵøɾ𣿿ºۼ
ɫһ䣬Щ˵æɨ˺ۼ
һˣ
üͷЩˬҲ˹ȥˡ
̾˿ˣϾϰɡ
Ѿˣô˵
̸ָһȻһӣǻ˯
ֵؿ֧Զĵطص˳ȥ
·϶̲סֹ׼Զò֬ǰɣ
ңǲǵ׼
׼еò֣
˱أһۣ̾˿Էֿˡ
ڶ죬λ̫̫սѾ׼˹ȥ
Դӿ̫̫۾͵͵ðˮۿսͻȻ˺üӹΪ͸̫̫ģĴ׸׶Ʒˡ
¶һֱûзֻһսƮԹˡ
λûôᣬǾþȡ
սŸ̫̫۾ôˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ѵڳǰ͵
˶һۣǰԹС񣬶ЩЦ
̫̫սĺӣ˲˾
˷۾ЩڴʣЩǡ
սЦЦҸĸĸ׻λ׼˵ǶĸҾһˡ
۾˲ˡ
-

213 Ů˰ѳֲס

ĿƵؿսĺӣλ沴ЦͻȻЩ
Ǹɿһһ˵Ȼĸ׼óɡ
սķӦЦˣϽ׼õ˳˳ȥ
ȸ̫̫̣Ǹġ
Ȼ磺Ƿݡ
λ
̫̫յȻܺ棬Ƕֵû̴򿪡
ȴЩõȲشˣЦ˵ҿɵúúÿ׼ʲô
ȻӴ򿪺סˡ
һ۾ϳս׼Ӧ֬ˮۣһЩױõĹߡ
ǣǲ̫˵㣿
ΪŮˣ֬ˮù٣ȴδôࡣ
ˡ
ǣȻмҩ
շҩʱ򣬻ΪǾģ˭֪һȻǣ
ЩҩʲôɵģҲ̫ˣ
ʣµЩʲôõģ
һԵ۾͵һȲش˺ӡ
ֻĺҲ֬ˮۺһЩСˢӣͷĻһ
ĺŵϲ÷
£ԭڼװֵ̫̫סˡ
˸Ͻ˺ӡ
ͷ֬ˮ۸СˢӣǷŵĻһ
̫̫ĺŵϲĺĻľܽء
̫̫۾סشֵ˺ü£Щʣ⻨ôģ̫ˡ
趹ò࣬㶹ÿ
һ𾪵òˡ
趹ùǶӼϸģ۸񲻷ƣò
ÿ
սȻܹ趹ӵôģ
ҪȥǸóҪˡ
˾̾ѣ𾪵˵
һԵѾӾͲˣֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿš
սô𾪣ɴ߹ȥ̫̫Ŀں졣
ںǹ״ģӵͷʽ
ںȫɻƽ죬ǳз
滹ɺ׸ƣµòˡ
̫̫𾪵۾Բˣ⡭
˼ʮ꣬ûмôµĿ֬
Ҳ𾪵ˣǲԼͬĿں죬򿪲鿴
ȴǵĿںɫ̫̫Բͬϵ̵ͼҲһ
µúܣһϲˡ
綼˲ˣȲսҪôã
⻰һսͷ̫̫λ۰Ͱ͵ؿ
һ£̫̫ĿںʾֱĨȥˡ
һ˵һ߸̫̫Ĩں졣
˲ȻſںʹĨ
սϽ˵ȵȣﻹиӡ
˵꣬ԲεСӣ򿪡
СӱģŵʱǸСӡ
ȻһͿˣȴΪǸۺС
ֱս򿪣ǲŷǾȻǸСӡ
˸ϽСӣȻһ
⾵ӸƽʱõԲ̫һճҪöࡣ
ϸ΢ķյ
뵽˲佩Ӳˡ
ȵȣϾȻз
⡭Ҳ̫ˣ
ʶֲ̧
ս״˵ϴǻױ
һϽ˴ˮϴ
̫̫Ҳ¡
ѾߴˮսһȡһСƬ꣬ˮܽˣϸĭ̫̫ϴ
˼״׷
ܿϴսó÷¶̫̫ĨϡҪ˵˱Ĩ¶
ţսָ̫̫Ĩ֬
Ȼſʼױ
ֱóĹߺ֬ˮۣʼ̫̫ױ
˿Ŀת
ͺ֬ˮۺСˢ̫֪࣬ôõġ
ֻû˼ʣȻԵǶ֪Ƶġ
սãȻýζȫ
սó֬ˮۣʵӿռóĴ
Խ֮ǰһҪ߼ȥģû꣬ʹԽ˹
Щֻǻ°װ
ʱĻױʵûȣս̫̫˸Ƚϵױ͸ûױƵģȴԺÿ˺ܶࡣ
˿һ˫˫۾ɵԲġ
Ůˣûвģ
ƽûٻױȴôҲû뵽սĻױȻôã
̫̫һɱ֮ǰױݺÿ̫ˡ
˶Ե˲٣ȴָ̬ϣǲ֪ôġ
̫̫һױȲش۾СӲͣգǶЦúϲ£ˣȻòˡ
-

214 ֮

ۿ̫̫ЦôģҲ̲סˣ׷״ߴսǻ
սҲƴǣæ˻ױ
ܺãɵúܣܲױÿ
۾ø鶯
˻ױŴ˵ŵ㣬ȱݸڸסˣ֮Ⱥÿֹ
棬òõġ
սĳǽŵŵ㣬øΪޡ
Ǻÿɾǳ̫Щսױ翴Ըһˡ
˾Ӻ˷ܻˣͱʾ칬ʱɵðúû
䣬̫̫Ҳ̬ˣͬҪսʱױ
λЩ˼չӺҲ̬ϣսʱܹǻױ
սȫӦ
ױܿ죬˶ʱ䡣
һˣʱһμӹ磬æȻð
һҪƯ롣
ûãսͱŽ˹ȥ
һߣ̫̫˷˷ˣ׷ź֬ˮۺСˢо
սΪģԶ¡
սе鷿ĸţȷᱻ͵˵Һһ£±㶼εЩʲôЩԷ±
սգһ˵½ҰɣεЩʲôҵúúûһ¡
ô˵ص˵ȥú룬ЩãҪˣ±ǰ׼á
ս˵ͷͻȥ׼
˵ʹǱţ˾ԺԼ鷿￪ʼڡ
Ĺ±ⲻսһ󵨵⡣
ص鷿󣬾Ϳʼд
дһɹȡ
ҵĵصں⣬ػƽҵʮַŸָĺóף½ϵҵͬչѸ͡
ÿҵϵ˰գʹﵽǧƽ
ﲻĶķ֮ҵͼֳҲǳʢܹڰֳ飬ë֯ëߣָ֯
˿øںϺУϲԶлǹʹڡ
ǻ˷ɳ۵ĳܹĽ紫˵е
ǵķݸߴɣֱȫ͸ƿ׵磬
ǻһĴѶ֮ңҲͨƵ
սдʱ򣬹˺ܶഫɫʣдþһ
ΪǾС˵ȫƪ࣬һЩ򵥵ĽܹܺҲһ֡
ܿдˡ
ʱʱൽ˰
խZ褶ˡ
սûмøſùŸһʾ
һžȲشխZȥ鷿
鷿սóдõĻ˿
Ĺѧʵһ㣬дȫǰ׻רɫС
ȿֱ֮Ӿɵˡ
խZ褼ӦԾϽչȥһ𿴡
ֽдĶֵɵۡ
дĶġ
ÿ˰ǧƽ
Ķ֮
ߴɵķݣ
죿
ﻹͨ
⡭ĵط
Ȼô
Ȼǿ󣬾ٴˡ
һҳһСĵͼ
ͼϱɽĵһȴд֡
ԱߣϤĸɣԼϵȹ
ھΪңԶһƬ½ϣȴд֮ĸ֡
𾪲ѡ
һֱΪȫ¾Ǹɣ֮࣬ǵСֵһᡣ
˭֪֮⣬ȻôĴ½
Щ½ĻǼٵģ
ǵɽصЩɽ
ðΣŲŻعĿ⸴ӵؿսͼôģ
ͻˡս治ɫسѣȻһź˵ϧҲֻǴԿһۣкܶ඼ûп
дݶǵж
ʵϣĺܶණдÿˣΨ˰շ㣬д÷ʵʵĶࡣ
Ȼš
ڵͼϱעĵʹдˡ
һǲȫʵдҲΪⱾãôעɽ֣˸׽ܡ
˵ķӦȻǲš
սҲ˵ֻ
һʵ浱Ķ֮
սüͷЩգҿӦеİɡֻϧûЩʳʲôģҪǿԴͺˡ
һ̲סź̾˿
ǵǿͼϱע֮ȴֱû
-

215 űŭ

Ÿ˶ã֮ӦϣǿͼȻں⣡
Ҫġ
ԽǵͼԽǻȣ̲סսͼ𣿡
սһ޹Ҳֻ̫￴һͼͻ˳
˵üͷ˵Щɺ֪ǣΪ
Щģǵλö֪ҪͻȻطɱǺм֮
Щʮᣬϲռֳأ˵ū
ҾǻҲǵֳء
Ǹңñŭ˵ɶģʲôɣ
խZҲսȭͷѾˣ˾û˵ʲôݻ
խZսǹеͻһҳĻ
⻰һźܿ侲šüͷ
Ҳлʵһ㣬Ҳ죬ŻŻ˻Уɱ̫ˡ
ǻǹ׼ͷУһǹٶȻرȫûñȡ
Ķ֮ȻܹΪɱô
սͷεȷʵ󣬻ͣӵɨ䣬г
뿪ڣʲô
ǵǹһʼôƺ𽥷չġ
ǹ͸ǵĲ࣬ϸĽ˻ǹݷǹԼǹ
룬ҲоĻܲоǻǹҲҪڵĻǹúܶࡣ
⻰Խȡ
Ȳʵո˵Ļǹʲôݷǹǹʲôε˶٣˵˵
ս򵥽һ£˵ñȽģȴְѹؼĵط˳
˾ãֻεʱ򿴵֪Ĳࡣ
խZһһż¼
ȵ¼ֶԱһȻܽᡣ
ܽխZʵ㿴Բԣ
սһۣ˵ͷû
һùֽϸ˿
ʱ˵б˵ôǱ취ñо
⻰תͷխZȻѱдЩдһ飬ֻҪԶЩ϶о²ֱᣬȿµ˼
ֻⱾ飬ۿδػš
ԶͲһˡ
ȻԶأ
ǲҲ
úúдС
խZͷܿͿʼʡ
һдһսһʱдһݳ
սһۣдȫǲ飬ϲʲô֡
Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬дر졣
ʱʱѾ磬żխZѾдˣսȻؾԺ
ʣµĽխZ
ս˵ܳ󣬲罻һɣ֤ûܿ
խZԣؿһۣ˵ͷ
ǲ̫սı£սȻˣҲ޷
Ѿ˶дһݾˡ
ȥ
խZ˵꣬սؾԺ
鷿ŻлҪ˵
սصԺʱѾˣ˸ǷҴϴ˴ܿ˯˹ȥ
ڶ죬խZ˼٣ڼд±
޸˺üΣǲ䣬ֱ罫ʱ򣬲дյİ汾Ե˾ԺдĹ±ս
ûҼˡ
սõ󣬾ͰԼ鷿ʼġ
ȷһ飬խZȻ⣬дĶ͸Ƶġ
˵Щ⣬ͷ˲ϡŹֵĶȥ
־ִ˵
һͦȡ
խZõֽīȻͦɣ춼ûţЩīֽӦխZﱾеġ
ѵ˵խZղؾֽīİã
սЩЦܿʹ˾խZдõĹ±ռ䣬ʼ
ʱѾвɵգ϶еģ˲
սԼ֣ҪӱһЩ
͵ƺרŵҩˮ±ýռͿʼҩˮд
ҩˮԼģϸûС
õĹ±ǳ¾ɣרҵ⣬ⲻɵĺۼ
ҩˮҪһЩʱ䡣
ֱڶ죬սŴŴõĹ±ȥš
ſ֮;ˣ֪±խZдģΪĹż
Ŀ⸴ӵؿսʲôʱѧɵģ
֪ŮⱾ£
-

216 ᱻŵ

սһ㲻ţھͳ˸ѣǴεʱѧġ
ŻȻûٶʣ˵֪ͺã˵ȥϾҪˣʣµĵȹ֮˵
սɵЦЦȻȥˡ
ѹ±ţ뿪鷿
ٴοĹ±ϸСذ
ȵ褺խZֽӣսĹ±ǣǿⱾô
խZ褿Ĺ±һ㶡
ҪǷдšμǡ֣ǶҪΪһżˡ
㶹󣬺ܿ췴ӦϸⱾ顣
ҪȥģȻü׵κε©С
ֵ÷ǳϸ£϶һ顣
ֱȷûˣխZźʵףⱾ˭ģõǲ
֮ǰûҶս̫ϣд˲ֹһ
ֻҪȥûֱΪ·ء
˭֪Ѿˡ
խZʹ̿ţҲ֪˭ġ
ſӣЩε̾˿Ǳҵġ
⻰һխZ褶һ
Ȼ֪սһڴȴû뵽վȻôã
ɺ󣬾Ȼоеζûκζ
֪вó鼮ɣҪ覴ã඼Ҫһʱ䡣
ʱڴģۼȽԣֻҪϸͻᷢ֡
Ȿ
սõɣôô̵ʱģ
Ҳ̫ˣ
һı飬֪ʲô
̾˿ҲñɣҲ뿪ﲻһ꣬ı仯Ҳ̫ˡ
֪ͲȥˣȻ˱Ůĳɳ
խZ褶һۣĬһխZ˵ԴǴˮ󣬱ͱЩһˡ
⻰ʱҧô˵ֳɺҪѱˮôʱ϶ˣ
խZ
褣
ǼǵãսʱѾ˹ȥ
ûбŵǾͲ֪ˡ
սӣᱻŵ
ֵĬĬãڳЩŮܵľŸ㡣
˭Ҳû˵
°ᡣ
һ󣬺ָֻܿˣǶȥɣʱͰȥ

ʱת˲ܿ͵˹ӡ
Ϊ˹꣬۾ȺŻʺдŮ졣
һսͣش硣
Ҫ·׼õģǺˣרŵĳͷڣҪٶ׼
սЩˣû飬ԻŮװ
粻˸ȥ͸׼·Ρ
ලս·ִױ
ս̫뻯ȴϴӦһҪƯμӹĹŮ٣ʺɵøʺӡ󣬾ܱ˸ȥˡ
ǣĹ磬̫ͽμӡ
սδҪǱ̫ͽȥҪЦ
սһΣֻû˸ױ
ͳúÿƤֺã΢ױ͸ۡ
翴⼫ˣŮƯ϶ҪЩŮȥˣ
˵꣬սȲشߴٵˣҲױһҪһƯ㡣
սЦŴȤͷİɣʣôÿ
Ȼô˵绯ױ
ǱȽϵױݣǻߺͽë࣬Ŵ˫ۣԵü۸
ߣԿԣȴֻԵ۾ǳԡ
žӣԽԽ⣬Ц
սְ̫̫λױһ˵ֵθ˲١
ױ̴̫̫۾ӣǴ۾ȥҫˡ
׼׵ŵѾȵòͷˡ
ߣ׼ûУô
Ļû˵꣬Ϳ߳硣
ŵסˣ۾ɵԲģ𾪵ؿ磺㡭
ʲôңسüôһ˸ױͲʶˣ
ſЦֻ˫۾ȣ̲סЩ죺쿴Щ̫һ
ս֮ǰҲ绯ױױҪȽĻҪٵ㣬ŵʱ£ﻹ˼עģ
첻̫һɫ磬һպ˸š
ŷ֣翴һˡ
ҪƯö࣬˶Եˡ
뵽Ҫȥ̲סЩ᣺ȥμӹѣôÿʲô
粻ˬص⣡Ҫܣ
-

217 Ʒϱ

һû뵽Ȼôס
Ȼﻹе㲻ˬȴ˵ʲôˡ
˶ٴˡ
ûҶ࿴̫̫սȴúϸ
̫̫ģ仯̫ˣ
̲ס۾Լﷵϻͯˡ
𾪵죺㡭
̫̫ɫһ۾ʣʲôңﲻ𣿡
˲ˣԼҪǸ˵ԣ̫̫˵Ҫùȳ
Сʵǲˣ
⻰̫̫
Ƴһۣȴ̾ϢҾ͸ˡǸó㻹ĥʲô߰ɣ
ίӣת·
Ůŵ
ûþ͵˻ʹ
ǾĹԱŮ졣
ս̫̫̫̫Сط۾³Ϳˡ
ϤϽǲϵӣЦ˳һתܿɨȫ
Ȼų۵һ
˭ҲȲ
̫̫ط˷۾
ϵ۾̫ˣΧ˺ܿ췢ˡ
ͲЩϽǣ񶼲á
ֻģؿϴʲôȴ嵽ʲô
ȵ˾ٰ칬ĵط̫̫սܿΧ˹ؿϴŵ۾
ûãȲؿ˿ڣϽ㣬ϴŵʲô
˴ͷҲ׷״
ļ³ŵǲ
ףôû˵ļΣ
Ͻ㣬εļҶģǺÿ
ϽǵĴط˷۾ЦеҫǶˣɲʲôΣϻŮТҵģͷ򲻵
Χһʱˡ
Լͬسߵսȥסش
һȺ̫̫񶼲̫ãǵϱͲһˣһ۾õúܡ
ǾΧԱߣϵĻҲسսȥ
ԽԽúÿ
һЩۼģƺÿ
Щﲻɣϴμʱûôÿѽ
ôͻȻôÿˣ
Աߵ沣ƺҲۣ
ԽԽòģ̲סֱض뿴ô¡
һ㷢֣컯ױƺ̫һ
󣬲˶ġ
иϵģ̲סʼ̽ˣ㣬õļҵ֬ˮۣ
ֵЦЦҼұԼģһңڼûϲЩС˵Ҳǳˡ
Χķǣ
һȺþͲˡ
ɵѽ
Ϊô˵ˣǾҫ
սû
ǿɲ˵Ǹģ˵úضˣսȻˣżͻġ
սû
ؼǣǲžôʱ֬ˮۣ
ԣϷ˸۾
Ѿͷôʱ䣿
ͷ
һڷţ̲סսȥ
޲ɷ̲ס̾
ǰ˵սŰ裬ϲñӳˣôû֣Ȼôأ
Ѿͷÿ˼һǸ׬Ǯĺ֣
ŪʲôǦʣ׬׬ǮĽ
Ҫ֪ȻôϢǾ͸˶µģ
ϧǷֵ̫ˡ
԰սͻ˭ܸˣ
УˣԽԽۡ
ƫƫʱֿˡЦеģҲ֪Դͣ۾ԽԽã
Ҷˣ˭֪ŮТ˳Ŀݿ࣬͵͵۾Тҡ
ԴӴҲܿʲôģ·ͷ廨ܿһ
⻰һΧϷǾͼˡ
ǱֻΪ۾ǸϵΣźÿġ
ոҫʱﻹЩΪȻҲҫҫԼŮ͵
˭֪ϾȻ˵۾Ϻ۾
⡭ƭ˵İɣ
Ķ
۾ˣҽûʲô÷ӣô۾κˣ
ⶫŸƵģѲɻ۾
Ͻ㣬ɲƭǣʲô۾ϺܿҲ̫˼ˣҿɲš
ǣҲţҿ
ǲУܾ̾ˣŮТҵģҪŮȥ
һϷˣ
ʲôң
Ůֲ۾
ºܿ촫̫Ķһ£Ц˳ȡ裡
-

218 ʽ

Ů½ϵϴŵ۾󣬶̲ס࿴˼ۡ
ϵֱӾΧ˹ЩϵԶģȻ漫ˣȴֻԶԶš
Цһݣ·һ㶼Ŀ⡣
ս֪ʵһ㶼ƽԴԺѾ˺ü۾ˣأ
ûã̫ͽһˡ
϶Цʮֺһϵõӡ
սɫƳһۣÿֻ̫Ŷӣζʮ㡣
Цеһԣ΢˰벽̫ǰ档

̫ЦһҶ°ɣĸͿˣĿɲ񻰡
⻰һɫһ䣬׷׻صԼλӡ
̫Ŀһתս
˱Ȼ޲ɷ̫Ц˲ЩӲ
ܿ˹ȥ
͵͵߬ӣߵսǰЦ˵λðɣǺһ־ˣѹֶܻϲ
˵űժϵ֬ӣսҪȥڣҲûʲôö㣬Ǳģȥɡ
սƴǣͻȻʲôۣ΢Цµ̫ˣߴͲҴǣŮˡ
̫΢΢һİ
ΪսжԭҲǸƤǳġ
һֻ֬ӰˣͰ͵ؾˡ
Ȼεüãȴ֪ս̫á̫һŵĳ֮⣬ˡ
սһЦ˵µ̫أŮȴûʲôö͸£ֻܵ׳͸һˡ
Ŷ㻹ử̫̲סЦȻ⿴˽һۣЦ˵֪ʹñΣ
⻰һ˶̲סǿ
֪ϻһֺõ࣬սȴǸϲñӳ˵ģδ˵ử
̫ýȣʲô˼
Ҳ̲סսҲЩ⣬սȻử
˶ЩģǶû뵽սȻҪ̫һҪǻòãɾͶˣ
Ȼ˭ҲóȻڣ˶ţҪͻȻڣˡ
һսаأ
ʱ˶սȴɴݲȣ»߳Ů֮ȣ̫¿ɻ
̫ſϷ˭֪ϷûսһϵЦݲЩӲ
һԵĽ⻰ϵЦЩ
̫ܿ˹ȥɺʵȻĸܿҪˣô̵ʱ䣬ܻ𣿡
սЦôݣŮԡ
̫ô˵ȡ˱īֽ⡣
ɿƳȡį̄аЦ
ô̵ʱ䣬ĥīأͲսܻ
룬սûĥīóһֻǦʣֱֽ̿
һĻ˶һ㶡
ǶʶǦʣڳĶŮ죬ûôùǦʣԴӲ֪ǦʾȻҲ
ǽս
Сϲջ㲻񿴼սǦ뿴λġ
룬սٶ̫ˡ
дͽһ֣սֶܣӿٶȡ
ٶȾ͸ˣǼıһ
˼޷µıʣֻת۵ĹֽϾһˡ
һܿͱ̫ӡ
ŵǣһСĹ̫س˻ֽϡ
ͷϴΣ·ϵƣȻȫ˳˿֣
⡭⻭Ҳ̫ˣ
˫۾þ͸һ
ֽϵĻ˲ݺǣֱߵսԱߣˣ˵̫ˡ
̫ȴǱһ
ȷʵ̫ˡ
˫۾ûģǰ˷ӡͷһ
֮ЩëȻ
⻹ǻ
òʲôаɣ
лģ
̫ɫЩףʶס˶ӡ
սȴǦʣ΢Ц˵׳ˣ֪Ů׾̫¿ɻϲ
̫ӲѾЦˡ
ɻϲ
ϲ
ɣ̲ס˵ɩǲϲɷøңҲɩӻ
У̫ͻȻһڣžԼЩڼˣ˵ʵϲͲˡҪĻβøҲһ
˭֪ǲʲôа
ڴ
-

219 ϶СͿ

̫ôǷȻ˵Ҫ֮Ļˡ
̫ķӦԲ̫ƫƫֻУɲʱ̫ùͷ
ս΢΢һЦչɷΪҲһ
սҪڣͻȻɽ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬ǸЦЦֻ´ˡ
Цŵͷ޷ҿԵȡ
ŻʺۿžҪˣȻǻĺʱ
´ֱӷսս̽
뵽Щźؿ̫Ļ
̫״ˡ
Ͻصλ£Żʺˡ
˰ٹٳݣŽڵ
񣺡μʺ򸣽𰲣ǧǧǧǧꡣ
Żʺܺƽ°ɡչ磬ͬ죬񡣡
ȵºĿһɨսģ΢΢һ
սòʵںõЩ⡣
ܿ˹ȥЦضս˵Ůɣñúÿ
սݲȵվ󷽵˹ȥϥһ񣺡Ůսʺ
ŻʺЦؿָߵλ˵
̫ͽ״ͬʱɫ
Żʺָŵģֱߵλӡ
ǸλӦǽϵġ
ȴָսǶ
̫ʹЩ𾪡
̫ɿƳսһֱۣӾˣﰵûصͬʱǾ費ѡ
Щͻ̿֡
ŻʺսǸλãǲϲ
Դ֪Լ˶üѣѻУһֱ̻̲ա
˵ף̫ˡ
κη紵ݶײľԱӰ
Żʺ˾٣̲ס롣
ȻŻʺʱ˼ȫսϡ
̫ͽϱѾܶΣΨսǸ⡣
˵ͻ֮ǰΪʺͬʱĸӦȿδϱȻٴͻ顣
̫һ
ĵһδޣŻʺǼģ⡣
Ůˣ˿޵
ŻʺϢͲһְ֮˵ڶδޡ
Ůˣ޵졣
Żʺٴβһ
۾ͲˣҲЩŮԼѡˣֱӴͻ顣
ֳ⣬Żʺܲס
뵽Ȼλ
ȻҲǽս
ѡսҪ˵Ӳ˵ᱻ
ͬʱҲǵ
䱸ɭϣսסܰȫ
Բսͻ
ֻΪ£ûŻʺս
ι磬Żʺǵһμ˵սһֱòÿ
뵽սȻǸ޾׵ˡ
ŻʺԽԽ⡣ͻȻףΪγ̻ᾭˡ
ԼĶӣ˽ⲻ
ϴغ϶أʵȴʵġ
Ҫǣ϶СͿ
ΪϴС֣϶Դ۾
սǱ֮ǰЩŮҪÿЩ϶϶⡣
Żʺ뵽սˡ
ԴЩŮ϶޵ԽԽ죬ۿɻˣ϶ǹһ
սƯӲڶģڲõĶȢϱˡ
ôһ룬ŻʺЦժϵϺӣսϡ
սһͿһֻϤ֬
Żʺʶ̫һۣ̫һ飬ϽЦŽ͵ĸ󣬶һþ;ϲͰϴŵˡôţǱȶŻҪÿ
Żʺһ΢Цŵ˵ͷǰֻϺӴսϣ˵ûȷʵÿ
˵գֶս˵ֻҲȥɣϴ̶ֻӺϲˣ򱾹Ҫ͸㡣ʱûռ㣬Ǿȷʵÿ
ͬʱͻȻ˸磺磡
ʱ䣬˶
Щģ磬ôˣǵ˷纮ɣ
صһۣ治ɫ˵û¡
֪ôͻȻ磡
˵ڱ˵Ļ
뵽̲סڵķЩ겻ᡣ
칬磬սӦɣ֪òÿ
ƾòʣ㲻磬Ҳûܰȥ
̫ͽñսԶˡ
ϱÿ
̵Ƴ̫Ӻͽһۡ
-

220 ʲôöû

Ϊղͻ磬̫Ӻͽڹעų̡
һƳ̲ˡ
ǵ˸̲סȥ
̫ӣ

ȴǻ벻⣬ͻȻѣڣ֪׼ʲô
̫΢΢һȻóһӣǰЩö飬պñһ븸ʹĿ
һ£˵ø޿
һϲϽС鲽ߵ̫ǰ˫ֽһ첽͵
ַ˷ܿüͷŲ̫⡣
̫Ӽ״һ̳ȥ
ʱͻȻ˵ʣ׼ｭɽͼ븸ʹĿ
ۣʾ
۵˵ͷֽںʾȥţȻ˵ɡ
ȡǰĳӣȻһλһСؽչ
һ׳ｭɽͼ
Щ𾪵صɴ˫ۣܿЦų̿޵ˡ
̸Ͻǫ˵ⶼǶģϲͺá
°ɡ˵ţѣ׼ʲô
Ц˵˾֪ˡ
ۼӣмعǣѺù
Сؽｭɽͼȥ˺ӣ͵ǰ
׼ӱģЩ
һǺӵĴС˲²⡣
ȻӴ򿪺һĹ
۾һ̲סǿȣȻ˵ţҲˡ
Цøˡ
Ψ̫Ƶ죬Щš
ȴûǿڳٹ٣أ׼Щʲô
ǰչλС͵ģٴͣСں档
Գ

͵ͬС죬ѫ͵Ķǽ棬ĳ͵ֻ͹ż鱾
еԼģеֻԼ顣
Ż˲˼
ܿ죬ֵš
Ŵһӣõ򿪣Ҫ֣ͻȻ˿ǡ
ϵб飬ʣʶ
Ҫô
۲һۡ
֮ǰͦ˳ģյͻᱨ֣ôͻȻˣ
ֱð亹£͵Щرū׾ϲǺ
⻰£Ŷ޿
ô೼ӶҪ￴ù
Գ˶Ӻͼλسʣµû
͵Ȼϲ뿴
̲ס棬ŵ͵ʲô
ڳһĻȴ̲סĵװ̫գ
ȻֱĲõ⣬۵ע⣡
̫Ҫˣ
ߣǵҪ͵ĵʲô
ʲôöû
辶ҲŪɳ׾ȡ裡
ͬʱ̫ӣͽҲԼͬ쳤˲ӣؿĺӡ
Сź͵ǰ밲һϧūʵ׾ֻʶһǱ飬ʵڿʲô
ۿһۣЩ𾪵ط֣ȻҲϲ
¶Ŭû¶𾪵ӣֻüʵհ䣬˵˵͵Ǻ
˵£ǳżȻõһ飬ԼݣƳķŴ󾵺ǧۡ
ԭ˵Զģ룬Զʵ̫ͨˣԲⶫǸĳǧۡ
Ȼڳһǧ֣ۡȫ쳤˲ӡ
ǧۣ
˰ɣѵⶫܿǧ֮⣿
²һ˳ʣöԣ
䣬̾վʣö԰ɡ
Ȼ۸ǣֻǿʣǧҪã
˵óʾ
۵ͷ׼ˡ
Ŵ߹ȥСóԶ۵ٵ۾ǰ棬ʼ
ȵúСԶָŴϵͷ˵£뿴Ǵϵǡ
һ̲סﰵôԶӿ
ޱشнӹԶСõǰ׼ϵͷȻŵòӵԶ
ΪŵʾԶ֮ǰͿͷֻ̫Զֻܿһģģ
ǵԶʱҰı仯͸ԡ
ģ
-

221 ̫

ŬװԼ侲ûбǧŵ
˺һƽ˵ţ޺ϲհˣȥɡ
żװû۲֣ޱ˵ˡ
װ⣬ʵСĵؽǧսȻҲû˰Ѻȥôߡ
ԱߵļһĻʶĶ򵥣
Ҫ֪ղŵｭɽͼ۶ȥˡ
͵ȻԱߣҲ̫СĽˣ
Ѳɣǧ۲ɣ
Щ̫𶯣µ̫Ӻˣڳٹ٣µ͵ﲻ򵥡
ѾԱߣֱӾ͸˵Ļ磬˵ŵʲô˲õıҲ̫˰ɣ
̾ؿһۣ죡žǣ
ίСֹô׸ʲô֪͵ôһ㣬Ҿˡ
Ƴһۣû˵
֧ǧ۵Ч۵ķӦܲµ
ǣ˵Ǳ顣
ǧۺͷŴ󾵶ǸǱģǵǱʲô飿

ϧǰЩûһġ
ĸŮ׼Ҳûʲôʾֱȥˡ
ͬʱڵŻʺҲ
̫͵һ񳯻˵ͼʮۣ˷ͷ
ǽϣ͵ֻĹ񣬸߳Ļͷḻɫͬǰһ
ŻʺۺˣյЦſϱͦӡ
Ƚˣ̫ͻȻЦ˵ãһ׼˸ĸɣҸոտһӣóĸ󿴿
սһۣ΢ЦűߵĴӣϡ
һǸױС
ȻþɣǶڳ˵ԵϡƽЩ
οŻʺ
Żʺ󱾾ǹŮ޾ֵ˻ʺ
ݣʲôöû
ս͵ľȻôһͨĺӣδ̫Żʺ󵱻ˡ
̫ĳȴЦӯӯģףȻôһϻӣ϶˺öɣÿ򿪿
һԵĽȴǺؿսһۡ
սĺȷʵͨЩãսôͨĶŻʺ
װʲô
ս΢ЦŴ˵һĳ룬óһͨͨСӡ
˿ĪҲ̫ͨ˰ɣ
սȴû˵񣬶ںһ
ֻꡱһ죬Ӧ¶Ķ
𾪵ǣﾹȻǸ΢ĺԺ
ʵ̫СˣĺԺŰƴȴһҲ֪ôġ
̫ǿɶ칤ĺԺϵЦݶӲˡ
˭֪⻹û꣡
ĺԺ棬ƺʲô
սץһתͷǡ
һĪؿһС
ȻͿսת˼ºͻȻСĺԺϡ
ţСɾµĺԺȻԼת
ö
⡭Ҳ̫ˣ
ȻԼܶӣ
˶Բ۾ŵؿһС
شս˿ȻͻȻ뵽ʲô̧۳̫ȥ
̫ϵЦѾʧˣɫЩѿ
һϽջ±̫֡
û뵽̫Ȼ¶ı顣
ƽʱôƵһˣԭװ
սεȷʵ̫ˣǴδġ
̫͵ͼȻǹôֲ岻õ
ĻȻǱ˶ǣһͼŻʺ治ϡ
ս͵СĺԺͲһˣû˵֮¶һ޶ġ
ѹ̫еķͷǶҪսȥˡ
ս룬ִ˵ڶ롣
һĻ˲Լͬ쳤˲ӣŻʺ󶼺ؿһۡ
εĳװĶͺͨˡ
ٿ
ֻ˭ҲʶĶʲô
սķŴ󾵣ղŵСĺԺŴͬʱЦ˵뿴ΪŴ󾵣Խϸ΢ĶŴ󡣡
˵㽫Ŵ󾵷Żʺ
ŻʺʶսˣؿСĺԺ
Ŵ֮СɵĺԺԽԵþ¡
սóһ澵ӣ򿪣
ŻʺʶƳһۣűһף⾵ӡ
æգԽ⾵Ӿ
ΪʺõľѾõģȴҪ澵ӲЩ
ҡ
Żʺ̲סʵ⾵ѵģ
-

222 ˣ

ŻʺĻһڣ˶һ¡
ľӣ
ӣ
ƽʱõľӶͭ渲һˮ˵Ҳ
ⶫǲˮžûˣרŵĽ޲
δ˵Ҳɾӵġ
ŻʺղŵĻѲľӣȻƽʱõͭյ
ʶŻʺõľӣ쳤˲Ҫ
Żʺ˭Ҳ߹ȥӶ̫ˣʧ
̫ͽúܽ˸š
̫ŻʺһǺݺһ
˰񳯻ͼΪԼһܹռͷս͵ȫЩϡŹֵĶֱר
ս
Ǵͻˣûʽ飬ҲҲȵͷϣôķͷ
Ҫ޸ǻˣ
̫޵ҧ
սȴ˵ĳ롣
̫ۿųŵ඼ˡ
룬ȳȻЩСͬˢӣʵڿʲôر
̫˿ͬʱ־úЦ
һЩˢӶѣսȻһţͰ͵Żʺǰ԰ڣǻȡ衣
ˢӶѣʽرЩʲô
ʲô԰ڵģ
˭ûˢˣ
̫ЦȴʵôˢӣѲЩˢҲʲôرĵط
Ҫս˵ʲô
սһ֪̫ǹģɫɨ̫һۣ˵ЩˢûʲôرģֻǻױõģΪе࣬Ϊ˷㱣棬һš
ս˵꣬Ĳ롣
Ҫö࣬ǴССƯӣһɫСӣעĿ
СӿֻǱָԴЩէһģȴֲǴɫ
ɫǳһвθУҪǣкܶϸϸĽ˿׺УȾƯۼˡ
ôƯĶֻҪŮ˾ûвϲġ
ŻʺҲŮˡ
һ۾ϲˡ
Ȳ֧Сӡ
Ȼŷⶫġ
Żʺϸһۣܿ˳ף˿ţȻСɣͦĵġ
սЦЦ
˿һ㶼ǴôС־µģȷټ
ŻʺֱӴù֧ں죬򿪸ӣĿںת˳ǿں죬ֱĨϡ
ŻʺȵؿŸϵĵ񻨣ѽ澹Ȼ˷ˡ
սЦùɣϲͺá
˵գںպãŻسָЩСӽܵЩ֬ˮۡ
һ룬¶ͷĵ÷趹ֻ࣬ЧҪЩ
ŻʺȵؿЩĵƬ̺ЦûˣǸúӡ׼Щ˲˼ɣϲ
սЦøˣϲͺá
һԵ̫ݶҧˡ
սεķͷǳˣ
ǰͿʼ׼񣬾Ȼôս˷ͷ
Щ֬ˮۣ趹һĶˣȻôĻ
֮࣬Ҳ̫ܡ
ǲμӹ磬Żʺ񲢲Ͷôصģ϶ǸŮ׼Ȼ׸Żʺ
˵ףʵǸ԰ԼŮĻᡣ
ҶţļҵŮ͵ﾫɣ˵׵ʱȻơ
뵽սȻôķͷ
һ̫ͣͽķͷǹȥˣﻹгͷĻ᣿
ܲʹ죬ƫƫû۲
ս͵Ư־»ر˼֧ں죬˭Ҫôһ֧ԺۻʱóĽ
ⶫһƽʱõ֬ȫȥˡ
սȴ룬ʵˣſ
ʱʱ仹磬ȸҵˣʽʱ
ҵŮǷ׷
͵ģԼдľ飬ӻߺɰ֮С
Ϊ͵ò࣬Բر
ټսǰԵ̫ϡƽһҲˡ
Ѹҵķ̫̫ƵòУƫƫǻս޲
ΪޣǸսóЩԺܲ򵽡
̫ɫؿ˵ķӦƺûкսҪ
ʲôԼһ˺޵ҪȴΧһѶûУأ
Ƶǣ־Լý𰣬۰Ͱ͵ؿս
ˣ
һЩϡŹֵС
ʲôģ
Сѵܱȵİ񳯻ͼ
-

223 ˼

꣬ʱҲˡ
Żʺϲˡ
ţζȻǲġ
ϧעûܹרš
ٹ٣ڵһŮ죬ﶼڵ顣
ǲԼͬص͵ǧ۸Ǳ飬Ů׷׵ǸܷСĺԺпں
սûϸЩ֬ˮۣɹ֧ں㹻һֱˡ
οв;ýռ˵ױݺÿˣֻû˼ʰˡ
ЩˢӺ֬ˮۺ󣬴˼
սŻʺˣԼĳ϶Ҳ˰ɣ
һҽôÿѵΪЩ֬ˮۣ
ŮǻҴ£ҲôġҪ˵֬ˮۣǾͲܲˡ
ƽ͵͵£ǿûٸɡ
μӹ磬ǿɶǾĴġ
Ȼռ˸ȥˣ
β⣿
ЩͲϷ̫̫ǣȻʹˣ˽Ҳǰġ
ֻʹˣ˼رֳˡ
ϵ͸ǲƽʱû͵͵Ƚϡ
ǲϣȻ۾˿Ż˺ü꣬Ǻݺݱȥǲ
һȺ˼سţ˼ڹΧˣû飬뷨Ͷˡ
ò׳ţ˶˿׼ظҡ
в˵ռ˴ǻڹһֻĬĬš
ȻսǾȲشԵƤ̫ǳ
Żʺôǣ
Ůһ˼ͦ࣬ǾֱӶˡ
ɢø죬ΪȲȥǱ飬Գûھˡ
ߵʱרŽš
̫Ӽ״Ͻȥ
ϧ̫֣߲죬ֲ۵
Ǻܿͱͬͽˡ
ţسҲ׷
Сû׷ֻܻ겻ţﲻϲ²͵ǧۺǱ鵽ô¡
ᵽķŴ󾵣û⡣
ۺܿŵ˰ӣš
ȻͿʼ顣
ͽǽģȴûǴӣֻվš
ֱ漸λس˹۲һӡ
̫󵽵ģΪ̫ˣǼسǧۺ飬ϵ
Ժظͼͷ顣
ۿ۹ſ飬ˣȳסʵʣɷöǧۣ
һ⻰Ͻ˵£ҹ̫ǧ۵Чһ㡣
۱⻰ŷ飬ǧ۴鿴
ãϽ͵£ǧʹʱҪڽֻܿתͲܵڽࡣ
ţ֪ˡ
Ӧһʼڽࡣ
ת˼º˹ɣܿ͵ˡ
ų֮⿴Ϊ߻谵ȷʵģ֮ǰʱ
׼ͷŵĵʱܿͿˡ
й֮ǰľ飬ûŵڿ󣬻ʦͨǧ۵ķһת׼һӵ
Ȼͱ˲Ĵһ
һȴǲɫ·Լղʲôûɡ
ޱطǧۣĿɨԾԾԵĽɨ̫ӣϣ϶ԡ
ɫӹ͹ǧۣſ˿
ȻǵһʹãѾôãҲŽܵ÷ֱӾˡ
ޱصڽ࣬Ż𽥱ҲǺݺ
ĬĬһֻ۾˿ԱʹǧۺͲǧۿĻ棬ٴκݺһ
ǧۣȻǺö
սϣǡ
ĬĬǧۣʱƤ߹磬ҿ
һ˵һ֡
̾صһۣСĵ㣬ëëŵģ
˵꣬Űǧ۽˽
漫ˣȻĵ󣬻Ǻݺһеǧ۶ˡ
˵ⶫܰѵ
ŵ̫һˡ
ǽûôƤֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿš
ֱ̲еǧۣ߹ȥݸ̫ӣҲɡ
̫һ£ʶۿȥ
һΣ϶㿴ͿɡʱСĵ㣬ˤˡ
̫żСץǧۣ׼ۿⶫô¡
һߣ̫˵ǧıñ鶼Ťˡ
-

224 һȫ𾪵

̫һӵ˶
ŴĻȴֲ֪δ
˻̫ˣ̫ܾ֮ëȻ޲̽ٵ
ǿ˫ֵ۾ֲİѻˡ
һĳаأ
̫ãԾò⡣
ĸԥСǵģβ⻭ʦȥʦ⻭ʲôŹ֣
̫һ̶˼
ʦݿɲһ㣬Ҳʮ־ء
⻭йŹ֣ʦ϶֣ᷢ
뵽̫ƬҲԸ飬̶ĸ˵ھͳ⻭ʦȥôʦúÿ
ҹ磬ڻûأÿԳȥ
⻭;ò϶ʲôŹ֣Ųɵð⻭ڹ
ֻ뵽ϵˣֲ̫ĵض⻭Ʊ棬˰㣬𣿡
ūСĸȥ

̫ǧСվſŵĵ
ʵܴȻǵһʹãǺܿţ˽ࡣ
˲ĵ̫Ӽ׼һ
ܵץеǧۣΪλӡ
ǧۣȷǼϵش
Ҫǣⶫ
̫÷ɿ죬عĿЩ治ѵĳһһɨۣʾʣҪλҲ
飬Щ񻰰ݣѾ𾪵˵
̫ӵĻѸٻɨ۵¼س󣬵˵ͷǶɡ
ǧ۵Σֻۿ֪
ʵϣڿǧۺѾһֻΪӣһһǿ
ǲ⼸س鵽ǧ۵Ч˵ûΪɥ־
سͺ漫ˣ۵Ļ̺Ƥ̫ӰΧ˹ȥȿֺҪǧۡ
ڵ۵棬û˸Ժܿź˳һ
֮ЩسǵķӦ࣬һȫ𾪵ˡ
һ˼ʵǧģ
⻰һʶţհ䣬˵˵ô£
ǫ˵£ǧۣǸһϵļġ
ǱǳżȻģһʼδ⣬ֻΪǱ־֮Ļ
ؾ󣬳˵СŮϲ飬͸˭֪Ȼϵ˵Ϊ׼񣬶ĥ
Ϊں֣δ⡣˭֪ϵķȻǧ
֪鲢ͨ־ֻֻм̫棬޷һһֻ֤ý׸£ɱ¶ᡣ
۵˵ͷ˵֪ˣĺܲ
ոѾˣϵݲ࣬Ѿ顣
Ȼԣϵļأȷ̫棬ѹһʼᵱ־֮Ļ
ЩؿͲģ
ʲôߴɣֱĴ¥ɳ۵ĳܹľ񣬻Ķʳ
ĸģ
ƫƫᵽǧۣȻ˳
ûˡ
ļضģ˵ֻǧģ඼Ǻ죿
û½ۡ
ΪЩļأʵ̫ˣ
澹Ȼ˵Ǹ֮ſµĻ
Ƕ죬ԭŻˣܱ
١
һֱڸЩǼٵġ
ɸϣ̲ס˼ֽңһأ
ֻϧϲûоĻҩȣҲû˵ЩʲôģҪʵ̫ˡ
ź̾˿
ȴ̲סһҳĵͼ
ͼ棬עھΪңԶĺ⣬ע֮
Ǹ֮ѪҺ·Ҫ
֮⣬Ļ˹Ľ
ǵˣһĻʵۣʲô
뵽ͻȻ˵ҲⱾ顣
˵գ鴫ȥ
Ȱ齻̫ӡ
ͽ̴˹ȥһһҰ̫Ӽм䣬Դһ𿴡
̫е㲻ڣѾܾû˵ܴܵôˡ
ߣˣƽʱ䳰ȷģΪһ飬Ȼô
Ȼ鷭ݺ̫ӾҲû˼ˡ
ϵļʵ̫ˣ
ڴ֮⣬Ȼһ֮
ʲô
֮Ȼиߴɵķݣʲôܹôߣ
̫ԽԽ𾪣۾ɵԲģģЩ
ۿżһӣĪе㶪ˡ
Դ
-

225 췽ҹ̷

ֵܼһ濴ʵЩ
ֻ̫ӺͽԲ۾Ǳϵ𾪵ˡ
üͷء˵ⷴӦԱߵֵ̫һǴһ𿴺󣬷˾úЦ
ԽԽ̫ˣ̲סߴٵ𣿿˾λ󳼿
ܹܲӶɣ
ҪЩƽϼ޻ĴǣϵļغֻʲôӦ
λس͵ȵȲˣֻǾôһ飬ɵúܣǿɲҹȥ
һһС˺أ
۵Ļ󣬼λسĿƵس̫˿ȥ˼Լˡ
̫ʱѾ顣
̫ڿܵһۣû󣬾ͰݸǼس
Ѿȵòͷļˣӹ飬һʼ
ϵļغ󣬼˵ķӦȻҪֵ̫ܸ
˵;ֱ췽ҹ̷
˵һ˴ͷʣµҲʼԡ
ǰ̫˼ˡ
ɸߵķݣôܻģ
ǿȻ˵֮һĽɾ޴˷ɵȥôܣ
ֱ־̸š
ǣȷǧ۵췽ǧҲ˳
˵˵ţͿʼִ
û˵ʲôôۡ
˺һҲû۳
۵춼ˣʵǾãϵļؿ𣿡
⻰һ󳼷׷ױ̬
£Ϊм֮ʵ췽ҹ̷ȴǧ֮⣬ؽΪ죬޿ȡ֮
£ҲΪм̫ţȫš
£Ϊ֮£Ӧ֮˵ǧֻܹɺϡ

֮󳼶м̫ţȡ
ֵֿ̫ܣǾأ
̫ΪϴӦ˵
ϧǸعصģ̫ǰ˵ʣҲϵļ̫ˡΪȻǧܹδؾͲ
ʿԡϼصĻ޴ǵܹҲ֮ҡ
̫ЩƵصһۣ˵ʣòףϼؿƷ˼ܹǧʵңһԣδ˲ƣʵڲס
˵꣬ͷЩܹپв⵱һ֮˭ȷǲ
˵˶٣Ŷ˵ʣãмصĻ֮أӦ̰žЩ
˵̫꣬ӱ㷴ʣòסм̫棬ЩνĻǹݷǹǹֻܿ˵ƾ󣬹ƾþƻδ̫ʦڡ
طҪĻأ̫ӸղҲ˵ͼеļģ⵱и֮Ժžֹô죿
һسȴΪν֮Ƕ׫ǵһңмصľ֣ǰ͸óˡϳδ˵ǰֹˡԳã֮ڡ
˵سҲ׷׿ʼ֮ڡ
ֻˣùô󳼣
˺ܿ·硣
ΨţһֱĬһԣһ仰Ҳû˵
һֱûڣ̲ס˵óģ˵˵֮ĻǼٵģ
£˶š
Ҳţô˵
ż״֪Ҫǲ˵ʲôǹȥˡ
ֻ˵Ȿʱֻ־̸ûе档ֻСŮϵļǧۣŻϵļػȷ¡
ֻǸˣҲ٣ʵڲȷ֮Ǽ١ֻǾãȻǧǻҲԡ
λ󳼾þ̫ʦڣβڸı̾ԣмؾǼ٣ڻ޷жϣȷʵûҪʦڡ
˵˱졣
ڹʲôɻǮ
̾ڸ
ԸڿǮЩǵ޷
ۿ³ǵı飬̲µЩʲôɫ˲ȥ
û˵Ȼˣ¾ɱָ̾հ£û¶°ɡ
һǲˣʵ˳ȥ롣
ֻǿ⽫£̲ס͵͵ĥţʲô
-

226 ǰ

κ棬ȫԹ˳ȥ
Ψ
һۣĬһʵհ䣬ûˣԳԡ֪ﵽôģϼص֮Ǽ٣
Źڵϣ£Ϊмصȷ˼ֻ֮Զں⣬δȥʵ޷ȷ֮Ǽ١
һֱ˵ѣε̾˿
ʵ˵мصĻ𣿡
ŵıЩأ£ϣЩģϣǼٵġ
üŶΪʲô
ų˵мصĻģǾζţܿһ֮˻ӵпµĻԳϣЩǼٵġ
ǳϣģҲӵ˿µĻĴң߹صİҲš
⻰ٴ̾˿
ģǸ뵽һȥˡ
ҲϣЩģȴֵĺи֮
Щ˼ļضģǸ̫֮ˣ
Բж˷ԣҪƻ
ֻȷʵʦڣܴϢ
ŸλûãǴʲôõķǳ
۳˼úͻȻ˵ϻ˵֮ɳӾճ貵հ䣬𣿡
˲£Ҳ˵ʵڷ˼ɳôճⲻǰ˵ɵ𣿡
ȴ˵޼ǵãճġհ䣬˵ȻճƯĴΪɳӾͲճ
ͷһܾǻл
Сʵ¿ڸԣ
ȴ˵ڸˣǱŮǧ𣿾԰ɡ
޼ǵã֮ǰճǦʣճ˴שǾ˸ӡԣʺϲ
ţ
ԥһСʵСŮճ⡭
ֱ׳˵Ǿ͵ļױɣ˵Ҳóɻˡ
ɫһ䣬̲ס˵£СŮδǡ
޷޵ͯɻʱҲûǡۼװûѿɫֱһѾǱ߿ӣһõļգǱŮޡ
﷢࣬ƫƫûֻܾƵּл
սǧۣĻѾǰ϶޸ĵĿܡ
ûǧۣۻûôżˣֻϧ
̲סЩڣ֪ǧۣΪ˻սǰ飬϶ôͰǧۺⱾó
ϧںڶˡ
ұûǣҪ׼ˡ
Ҳ֪᲻۸ұ
УȥˣԽԽ
ۿŵɫԽԽѿͻȻЩ顣ɿһʼˣˣʱ䲻磬ȥɡ
ֻƵ˳ȥ
߳ȥ˵ͷ̡
̿ЦŴк׼ȥžۣ
һɫ˲ڵøƵģ££иˡ
̾ȵؿȥıӰЩ⡣
ôãźܲ
ô£
ʵ׸˵Щʲô
ԥһ˲ȥۡ
׼ȥŻʺ󣬿̼Ҵ̲סüͷʵôûȥ
ԥһ£û˵ɫõ£ʵʣʿҪùǧۣ
ۣȵڣΪ
̵˵ͷԴǵ˵ǧ۸ϵشӦ춽졣
۳عǣŶ޻ΪĻ¡
ͷһ뵽սǧۣʶб䡣
ЩţΪλô룿ѵѾ˼գ
ԥһ£뵽Ѿδޣڶû飬Щ
ֱӸ޴Ǿ飬Ѿͷƺͦиģһֱȥδҹζࡣ
ǰˣ˲ˡ
˵⣬ǾЩԾ
̫ˡ
ο˸Ϻս˶
̫Ѱˡ
սǧۣ£ȥ
һϢ©˿϶ܶࡣ
ѾͷִģƺҲܲؼǳϲ
Ѿͷٱ˺ˡ
ԣǰˡ
ɱɭ϶ˡ
۸뵽ͿЦøɵƵġ
ۣ
-

227 ŵ

ôҲû뵽ϻ¶ɵЦ
ƫƫ̸ûͦ
ۿɵЦ;öˡ
۾ˬصų̣˵ûӦܲԸϸ룬ܺ˹ģ»ݺɣսûǣǴ飬ȷʵ̫˵㡣
һ⻰ͼˣݺ󣡡
ţƳһۣΪΣ
ЩӲ뵽飬Ǿȥˣϴ¶Ļֻûץʵ̫ΣˣԶãǾȽ׵οǧۣǱץȥǧۣƱػвİΣ
ǣʵȢϱ˰ɣ۲мؿ˭˵δ𣬺ԼΪģ
ɫһ죬ܿԴǵ˵ϸТ޺Ϊ󣬶ӦøȢӣøʺĸΪġ
Ǳȵʹţ˲ըëˣ˭ˣӹȢȢ㿴ʲôʱˣڹʲôϽӿ
̼þգһݺ󣬸ϽԶˡ
ֻǳȥʱϵЦݾûȥ
ʣأ
һϽ˵£Ѿȥˡ
ߵô죿
Сֹһ䣬Щʧ
뵽ܴܿ飬ֶЦ
ûϵȥͻȥɣһ㶼ں
Ҫˡ
ȵ֮սͻסʲôʱʲôʱ
ǳػȥˡ
һߣѾŽؽ
ĸ黹ͬһ
뵽͵Ǳ飬Ǿþ̾ѣ̲סʴȻڵĸ󣬿ɿս͵ʲô
Ȼԣ̻ս̫ǷФ񻭣͸ŻʺЩ
ЦôͻȻѵʲôսΣǰ̫ķͷȥˡ
Ѳɴ󾪣ʲôɣ˵̫͵ǰ񳯻˵ͼսʲôܰȥ
Ȼ²˵һϻӵкüأһǸ΢СĺԺŰƴ󣬵رɣԼת˵
۾һҲȤôֱأ
Ȼֽ˵ڶǷŴ󾵸ǷŴ󾵾Ȼ԰ϸ΢ĶŴ󣡻յ÷ֺ֣ر
Ҳ֪ôģһǵһ˵ԭҲɾӡ
һͣѾæʣأ
Ȼֻý˵ǴССˢӣرúܣҲ㲻϶档
Ĳ֬ˮۣ֬ȻװڹģһšֱܳһĨС
ǣָ֬ͷС澹Ȼ΢˷ˡװ֬Ĺӣ˿ŵġ
ѶʱûȤΪһֱУ֬ˮʲôĿɲðʲô֬𣿡
㶮ʲôǿɲһ֬֬ɺÿˣر𷽱㡣
ȻŭصĸϲýѵĸҲ
ѣ
ĶҶŻʺ
죬СʣЩ
ʲôЩ֪Щжྫ𣿡ȻصеأĵģˣǸ趹Ķ
ף趹ĵ
ЩˣΪֱҲҪ趹ġ
趹ӣôҲ󲻳Ƕĵ
սôģ
óǧۣȻġ
ѵĹ
ôһ룬ûȤ
ѣҪж٣ûʲôġ
ȻղŵĻ̲סֻ㿴̫ɫûУǲˣ
Ȼ֪̫Ӳͣƽʱû̫һҲ⡣
ЦЦҾ̫ɫЩӲ
˶٣ֽ˵̫ϴ֬͸սս͵˷Ф񻭡
ửһ㶣ʵô
Ȼ̾ظпǦʻģһٶر죬Ҳ
Фһǻ۾͸һţ̫Ǳŵˡ
⻰̳ЦĵҲ̫С˰ɣһʲôµģ
ȻҡҡͷǷЩˣ̫ʻˣһڻҲ£̫Ҫ˯ˡ
-

228 ʹͣĵط

۸˳̺󣬾ȥŻʺܷ﹬
Ȼߵſڣ洫ö
һ£˹ˣ˽ȥ
ȴڲû˵࣬ģȻһתŵСڼ
߹ȥǵ̵СĺԺ̲סЦʲô˭͵ģȻܷͦ¡
Żʺޣֶ꣬һܱȡ
ۣûнţѰһ⡣
Ѿͷ͵ģҲ֪Щ˼롣Żʺ΢΢һЦóŴգ㿴ŴҲ˼
ԭۿŴ󾵾˳ŴЧ󣬻۾Ŵȷʵ
˵ǧôҪⶫ͹ֻʱ򣬵ǿԷܶࡣ
۲ǹ벻ôࡣ
˵Ŵ󾵲ǸСˣҲֻ¹ֻ
ۿսŻʺ˷Ŵ󾵣ﻹͦġ
Ѿ˵ˣǱҲдŴ󾵵ľƬˮĥģĥѡ
սܹǵøŻʺһöТĺܲ
ġ
۵ţȴˣǰȥǼλҲԸġ
˵޾ǰ飬Ѿѡˡûղ޸С˵ʱЦøɵһûϢ
Żʺһ⻰ϵЦݾ͵Ŷ¾̶ûϢɳ檼ǵã´ʱƺЦúܿġ
𴩺ʷۣ
ı˲佩ӲȻգգۣװɵƵʵ޲ǵˣǴˡ
˵˶٣ܿתƻ⣬Žһݴһ֧ǧۣѾͷģ޾Ѿͷܲʹ͵㶫ȴֲ֪ʹʲôã޲ꣿ
Żʺһ㶣ǧۣ
ûͿԿԶĶ޳Ϊǧۡ
۲ûֱ̹׵һ飬ļʵڷ˼Ȼ˵ɳճ޴Ѿͷԡ
ŻʺüͷԣΪΣϾŮӣܵΣ
ЩģսúþͰˣòãҪԹ
Щ˼˵Ǳϵļ̫棬λسšѾñ̾ƻ㲻ҪҪҲ鷳ʧˣЩӻôޣ޴ѾͷԣһСѾͷʧҲûʲôҪ
Żʺ⻰;ʵڲ
֪۵ӣ飬׸ı䲻ˡ
ȰΪսı
˵檲ʲôֻ˵մҪҤ֪費Ҫ¼Ȼ㣬βط͸ѾͷܲԼȥذɣ
һⲻϴӦˣûǸøҸطǾɣҹ̫ˣҸõط͸Ѿͷ
֮󣬰Ⱥڡ
Ȼյ飬ȲҪ֤дĶ
ôһЩùģͱȼӰˡ
۴طʹ͸սҲ⾩Щطǿ˵ġ
ֻרѯʣõµ˾õط
ƹȫغͻֱ˰ڼĻԪ뵽˹
ԪһҪʹ͸սģЩþں֡
ҪϴʾܾͻȻһƬߵɽء
ƬɽҲ֪ô£ľãׯڸС
Ǳһ
ΪûֶûʲôһֵûУڶš
룬ۼȻҪʹսһططʣ
ֲׯڵġ
ҵطԵܴ󷽡
ǹԪ˵£һƬɽأΪúʡ
ʵŶطж󣿡
Ԫһ£˵˸֣һƬɽأӦһǧĶ
۵˵ͷһǧĶطǹǾɡ
ţȥսּ˳ѵȥ
ûãսյʥּ͵
ŵʾ۾ڷŹ⡣û̫ãƽͷ⡣
԰ƽͻȻڣطū澺˵
սһ㶣˵ô£
ƽŬһ󣬲̫ȷ˵ū澺˵ǶƬߵɽأûֶ˵ǵطһˣǸĵط
սŽɣĵط
-

229 ɽйŹ

ƽ͵صͷǰǿɲʲôõطū澻˵ǵطһʱ̣ͻ᲻ء
˵˶٣˵ҪǸطɾˣǵطû˿ȥءôʹôһطأ
˵ûȥأ˵Ūˡ
սصһۣ˿ɫɰ
ƽ̫ˣɲ̫ģԴɰȥǸط˳̽̽
ɰźܴİ̺ۣһֱɴ
ҪսսЩֱӰ˰˵Щˣɰ
ǡɰ˵ǰСùݺսʲôԸ
սϲָɴӣԱ˵ʹһأոƽ˵Ƭߵɽأطȥô¡
ɰһˣȱģūȥ˴
ۻὫһĵطʹ͸սҲߣȷʵҪȥȷһ¡
ǸطǾͿ϶⡣
ɰܿȥˣԼĪһʱŻ
ʱ򣬼Ծɴɴսǿɫ̫ÿ
жϣʵ£ȿˮ˵
ɰͷ˸£ˮŲ̫˵˵ū澶ˣʹ͵طȷƽ˵Ǹɽ
ū˸ѯʣֹƬɽصĴ˵в٣󲿷ֶ˵һλˣֻǲͬĴ˵˵ݲ̫һ
ū澾ãɽˣ²֡ǰսҵʱ򣬺ܶطˡʲôģū澲̫š
ƬɽȷʵЩŹ֣ɽطǳƶ񤣬ֲׯڣɽϵŤŤġ
սǵطʲôʵֵط඼пѵûҹ𣿡
ū澴ˣ͢ȷʵȥѰûҵƬɽѾ˺ܶ꣬ƺȽƶ񤡣ңǵطиĵط
ɰ˶٣ֺ˿ˮȻŽ˵ū˴ʱ˵һ£˶˵Ƭɽ䣬ΪһʼֻɽϱȽϻߣɽҲûߣʱƣɽ»ߵķΧڲϱΪԭΧ˲žǵط䡣
սЩ֡
߾ͰˣȻţ
ѲɣƬɽʲôŹ֣
ս̾ʹȥ
طѾ͸һǧĶصķΧɲСʲôŹ֣ҳС
ƬɽصһֱڣҪôҤ
ɰ˵ǵطֵúܡ
ôأ
ѵʲôȾ
ףò¹ʯзɣ
ȻΪʲôǶ˻е
ɲס
Ҫз䣬취ѷԴŪ߲С
սǾȥ
뵽ҪɽսֱӻװȻɰɻ
ɰͷū澻Ҫţ
ţҲǸطЩ֣ȥɽϵʲôŹ֡ս򵥽һ£ˣȥɽ𣿿оò
ɰһ£̫ȷ˵ū澵ûϣֻ濴һۡǴʱ䲻ûиоﲻ
˶٣ֵĵ˵ǲףҪūȥɣ
û£ֻȥֲʲôսûӦֱӷԸȥװһţǲȥҾƽš
ɰѾģϽ˵ū澸Űɣūȥ·
ɲƽսţ
һԵƽ
һ±ƵؿɰҴ˳ȥȵɰıӰʧˣŲʵɰǲǿū澣
սõؿҲԼëëŵģҲûţϴθ˵Ļˣ
ƽ̻սϴεľ棬ŵòٺ˵˵
սٿڣɰ·һȻشɰߡ
ɰҲһװȻΧ
ս֪˲ţѸٴɰȥǣǣƥҪš
Ǿģսû
ֻսǰŸߣžͼҴȥš
ǧۿϷɹ˵սţòǧ۸ˡ
ǰŵĹܼңô£֪ȥĶ𣿡
ܼҡҡͷĶ֪Ҫ֪սˣ
룬ţԺź˻֪
ȥ˾Ժ
-

230 Ů̫ײ

źܿ쵽˾Ժһʲ֪ǿ⣡
ҪǣսѾȥˣ
ŵɫ䣬ս£Ͻȥǣ˰׼ȥ׷ս
ĥţսϾŮӣ϶Ӧܹսǿĵǰ׷
˭֪һȥһ·ۣûսӰ
ŵɫˣս¡
ܿ죬ߵǿĵء
Ѿϣˡ
ȴۼؿӡ
һ·ѭӡҵɽ£ƥ
һһԡ
Σյ۾ؿɰǡʲôˣ
ɰûʲôӡ󣬸οɰװ͸ϲˡ
û˵꣬ɰѾǰһ񣺡ūǹźɰү
ԣæʵôֻһˣأ
ɰ˵ɽȥˣ͵ūš
ţ
ɡҲɵŮó
ƥѣ͵͵ˣҪ
Ȼһ˾ɽȥˣҲ³£
Ǩŭصɰһۣһ䡰̷ɱɽ
һƬɽΪ̫ߣɽĶﶼټ
ϴ˵ԵʣƽʱҲûʲô˸
ɽûרŵ·ȫǶ£ر鷳
Ź򲻴ҲûǺ
˲һӵʱɽ㿴װս
˿߹ȥ̧־һ¡

սؿ۾Բģֺôˣ
Żһȥ˸Եڣôһ˾ˣ㶼֪ɽˣʲô
սһ޹˵Ҿ˵ɽйŹ֣Թǲġ
㡭ûصһۣʲôÿģһңҪΣô죡
ΣգսüͷͻȻһȭԱߵŵɫ䡣
ʲôŵô󺰣ȻͽŲѵץս󣬼ûˡ
ȴսϾƤûơ
еȣͻȻꡱһ
ŤͷȻͿոǿͻȻȥ
顱һڵϡ
ɵؿŵµ
ս𾪵˵ˣɵһЦ˰ɣûô
̿ˮЩɰͰ͵˵⡭Ҳʲô̫ϸˣһûáҡһҲվŲǡǻ
أս˵ţͻȻ̧һӡ
ֻøոƺʶȥȻԶ϶ö롣
𾪵صԲ˫ۣ
ս˵ҿҽģһһ˸ҪѨʮѨѧĵʱ͵͵ϰһ¡߹ȥϸΣ
̿ˮЩŵ˹ȥ
ȻͻȻط֣öŵλãȻ˵۾࣡
սƵʣΣŮúòã
ŵɰͰ͵ģ㡭òǡǡ
ЩţұŮʲôʱôײеģ
սװûŵˣ׷ʣʲôû𣿻Ǿһ̫ˣ
رǿؼһЦûУúܲϾǹңԺ׻ǲҪԼ֣𣿡
ǺǣҪ֪ŮôײУ޸
︹̣ͻȻãԲõıŮԺ۸ˣ
սЦһɣ˵ҶҲֵġ
˵꣬СĽպá
ŷġ
ȻƬɽЩ˵Ѿ˵ˣͲʲôõطȻȥ˵빬£㻻õط
սϽ˵ˣҾͺܺáϻ˵¶ǾطǧĶأطСˡȻǱµʹͣ
ոʱͿˣطȷʵЩ⡣
Ƿ䣬ǸֵĶ
ɽƺʲô˸ĵҲ˲١
طŻøƶ񤣬һߵᳯš
ֻϧ̫ûҵǸ
ûϵܹģʲô
ֻҪѶڳĵͻָ
Ȼְô͵ǰоܾĵ
ſɲ֪طбսĻЦ¾ôط㣬϶˸ģ϶ֻع
ս
-

231 ԽԽľ

սȥۣϽסȱ𼱣Ҿɽϲ̫Ծ
ȻصͷɽϵȻԾ㲻Ѿ˵طǱģ㲻Ҫģȥұ»һط¿϶Ӧġ
֪۵ӣǸսʹͣûʹôһĵطӦˡ
οսǴͻ۶׼ǰˣô
ԣ϶˸
ʵҲرţֻ漰ԼŮȻԼһ㡣
طȻĴţսսҪܵӰ졣
ſ᲻ñŮֿࡣ
սȴţ͵룬һطߣԭġҪ˵ط˵ʲôԲŻ
Ÿţ͵ҡͷεؿսͲˣǾǣôһƬɽػţôû˹ܣ
˹ѰֻûҵҲԭ򣬲߰ˡ
ǸԪǹţҪطʲôأó͸㣿
ˣε¶ĹæС£϶ǹԪƭ˱£ñ°ط͸㡣
սô˵;ûܡ
סţǵҲھͼȥұ£ôҲҪ˺úÿʵʵ֤ݣȥұ¸״
Ȼ¸ողŸʹͣͼɴȥұ߿࣬¸ʹͲãǸ£
۵ƭôɴȥ״и̡
οҪҤֲֵġ
طΧûʲôˣҤá
ңɽıûҳأ
űһӻսĻ󣬵Ҳ侲
սֽ˵ҿɲȥұ߿ࡣطãܻ֪ǲȥ˵ûΣдҽҤ̫õĵط˷ѣ͸ոպá
ʱʳǷǳ͵ģϺõĸؿ϶Ҫʳ
⣬ڵֳҵҲѼ죬ţ֮ļûģֳΪ˾׵߲Ѵ
ʱͨպѳһ⣬ҲͷڵʱܳԵ΢Щ
ûṩ㹻˾ҪԸķܶ
ƫƫʳֲߡ
ͨũҪʮĶĵأǿά±
ũҩʣȴ룬ûũҩʣʳϲȥûȫôˣ
ÿ겻֪Ҫ١
ս򴽣ȻԽһʱ˵Ҫ߳ܵԼøЩ
ϧڻûúܣûճȻǿȸũֳʲôġ
Ѽ죬ţ
ëɼëӣѼëͷ޷ޱëɶëʡ
ˮѼ±ѼţݽצƣѼѪ˿
ս뵽̲סʿˮöе
ǻȥɣûʲôÿġ
ŵͷҲ˵ĵط
뵽սո˵ǷȲȥ߿ࡣ
Ů˵ûܻ֪ģȥ״³ˡ
Ůܿɽ
ɽʱսˤˣ
˭֪սȽúܣһȥˣٶȻ죡
Žŵظ棬ﲻͣغСĵô죡
ģԽԽľ
Ůǰô
ս̫ԾתͷЦӯӯؿƵʵǲǱǰˣ
ŵͷǾԼΡ룬˸ɣ͵͵ˣ
սֱ׳ص˵ͷǣһңܲɣҲ̫ˡ
ſǱȺӻĶ΢΢һ飺
濴ԼҹŮˡ
˭֪ս˵϶벻ҷѨ澭磬˱ԽԽ
ľѣ⻰󵱼ŵɫԼԹˣ
սûѾˣȻص˵ͷȻԹ˰Ȼôô
ôŭ㡭ֱ֣飬ҲԼԣ
ս۰Ͱ͵ؿôˣû԰ƽԹˣȻԼõġ
ڱŭţ
ĻǱƵ˲ܵһɶ
ЩΣƽԵģ
-

232 ·ż

ս˵ͷҫ˵ԺѾҲƽȽϾסڣҾˣЧܲҸ֮˲٣Ҳˡ
ţ
еͬƽѾͷˡ
뵽սԼˣְһΣ͸ԼãĵҲ̫ˣͲ֪Ҽ𣿡
սǾû˲ԼõģҵҲˣڱǰˡ
뵽֮ǰǿŵȥͻȻ֪ô
Ůȷʵñǰˡ
ˣȥȲ˵㣬Ժٺ
֪˵ҿ϶
սôɻ˹ȥ
Ůܿ쵽ɽţ
ֻǸյ˰·ϣǾ̡
ǿһۣȻսϣͷŴ˸顣
ʶǰ嵲ס̵ߣ¡
̰ڰ֣⣬ôס
˵ɨսʵȥǿĵˣ
һ£Ѿ֪ˣ
˵䣬ɫܲÿ
սȥûðɣô֪ˣѵⰲ˶ң
ɾ͹ˣ
̵˵˵ʹ͵ǿ⣬£ʹȥ뾹ȻǡԱ²⣬Ѿȥˡ
һ㶣ɫű˱䣺ԭˣȷȥˣǵطЩߣҤûʲô⡣
»סˣЩȵؿţôҲû뵽ķӦ
˵Ǹط˵䣬ʺϻ˾סԭǴȥ֮󣬾ͽ˵˵øʻһط
⻰ԴǵؾܾͲˣ¶ǾοҤͲҪõĵطʲôģ޻̸֮»ĪҪŵúá
⻰һ̸ˡ
žȻ˵ֻ
ѵ̫߳ˣ
ԣ⻰϶˵ģǡ
ʶս˭֪ͻȻŲŲ壬ٴεסĿ⡣
ЩõüͷҪܴܿ飬еŭ𣺡үôģǵطˣ
ǴȻصµĻȷʵôġ
̣
ſǸӲԿھȻϻطƬߵɽؿ϶ʲôŹ֣
ѵʲôأ
ǲԣͲˣˡ
ʲôԵʣ
ѵǲ˿ˣ
кɣȴǲɫ˵Ȼˣ±գǺү⣬Ҫæʱԡ
˵ʱ۾ȴǿսķȻ⻰ʵǶ˵ġ
ֻϧս屻ŵס˴룬Щź
ذ£Ȼȥˣǣ
˵սʹ˸ɫŮһ뿪
̿ȥȴֻһıӰ
սϴ磬Ųڣˡ
̿ﴽ
ŲΣ
ٹãսܴˡ
ʱžٲԸҲֻؿս޸סһ
ڿûϵԺôô
̳δЦһ⡣
޷һԿ˺һһֱսıӰţСʾүȥĵ𣿡
һֱսıӰʧתͷõؿһۣȥ
޷ȴ˿
ɲҸ̣߳ǵ·ˡ
̴ĵأɽ
ԽüͷԽ
֮ǰѾ˵طã֪ж⡣
žȻϻѲﻹʲô
޷Ҳطã̵ɫԽԽѿСʵүҪȥȰȰ
̽üͷתߣȻȥȵ˵
ŲսԸưͿ뻻϶ʲôԵʡ
ԣȵȵȣսҪʲô
ʱת۾͵ϡ
ҹⰲûС
Ϊ䣬ûʲôӡ
ȵ˶˯ºһϸӰ͵͵Ǳ˳
Ȼһ·ɱ
ٶ̫ˣһ紵嶯
ĵǣȴڳǣмųǽͻǺӡ
ǽʿפѲߡ
ֻĶҹѲߵʿࡣ
˭Ҳû֣һӰɵԽ˳ǽǡ
ܿ죬ߵĻĵء
ҹǺģƬĵؿӿЩ
ȴһ㲻£ֱɽ
ɽʲôھݷš
-

233 ߣػغ

սϸɽ첨
ȱ۾һڲ˲һĵط͵۾Ÿ֪ķɳ۶ȥ
ͻᷢĶǳһԾԶһֻɽè
սһѰңһ߸֪һǳ۵ĵط
ﲢɽֻɽϵĳһ׾ͻ˺Ե
սѰԺɫ˱䡣
Ҫ֪˺üΣǹϸ΢Ǵﴫȥĺ治ţǶһ۵ĵط
Ҫط̫ۣǶͱҵˡ
뵽ս˫ڵϣϸϸӦ
Ҳ֪ʲôȻܹ֪һ·Ƕǻġ
սԥһ£þԡ
ѵĲǾܣܾѵˣҲžѣֻǱȲרŵľߡ
ƺǸ⡣
ովѵʱ򣬾Ҫͨ߸ǿܹȡ
ֻǴԽԺΪ̫ľƺԶӡ˴룬ֻ¼ܹá
ʵܹõľҲЩ
ǿԽţ̽⡣
սϢͷųⶫ۸ʱȴ״һ㣬԰ѰҵǼ
ûã;ȵط֣澹Ȼһߣ
ͷƺ˶
ңҪҵǼƺҲ档
սɫһ䣬ܿڵλãȻָճȭ͵棡
Ǹڲڵϣ棬ûе
ԵʣǰЩ̽˲ûз֡
ս򴽣ڵķ
ֻȭͷеĵط˲ѷ죬ԭһѾɢ顣
ղȥһȭܣƽƽ棬ʵѾ˵£Щʵʵ÷顣
һ飬׶ˡ
սóһѹܿڳһԼһ׵ӡ
һȽţ֮󣬵¾ڡ
սһ£ͦ˵ǸŮӣǻѰĳӣҲδܹö
ϧͨŮӡ
̽ץסϵĽһܿͰ˿
ֻǸոͻȻ֧
ս޿ɱܡ
ȴ㲻ţָһö˲ɳĳ
ս׽Ŵ򿪣ֵһĿóһֵ֧򿪣ա
Ǹߣر
óطǲִ֮ڳġ
һЩ¾ɵľ䣬Ѿ࣬Ҳ֪˶ͷ
սѶߵĽǽ䶼һ飬ֲĵþ֪һȷûκ©ȥ
һֻֻľм䴩
ͣһֻľǰ档
ֻľ䣬⿴͸Ĳһ
ͷҲܲһ㡣
սܹоõҪҵǸʱͲֻ
ֵǣǶȻʶ
ոոоһЩֵʶк棬־壬ţų⣬˷ܣ
ô£
ֵǣǶϾȻɢŵѹ
ƺʲô˵Ķ
սﲻϴų⣬̲סЦЦ
ˣĿܾô뿪
ҪŵĵʲôȻܹΧȫɣ
սöһͲ򵥵һ̣ۿľӿöȥ
ûãʹաһȻԶ
ûԿףôԶˡ
սȴ治ɫ·ϰΪ
Сشӡ
˭֪ʱͻȻһŭ
𣡡
޴ӰͻȻսǰ
ӰŤԽԽת۾ͳߡ
ϸһȻһо
ǾӸµؿս˫ͫɭɱͱðķŭ
ǵ̫ӴˣǱսֱСÿ
ɫ˱䣬۾ǡ
Ƭ̺ͻȻüЦǵļ˰ɣŻ˵ǲϧǵ̫ãȻҡ
˵գͻȻ֣óһСӡ
ֻСҪľ侫ɵöࡣ
ʵϣҲȷʵǱѰһǳѵõĻغС
ֻغжڹ˵൱ѡ
ÿһӶǼֵǡ
װĶ͸Ӳһ㡣
ĻغУ඼Ŀַһˣͻ̡
սЦؿغС
ӻ˼澹ȻĨ˼Ѫľ綾
ϧûá
֮ǰʹƵס
ⶾ˲
ھװľʲô
-

234 Ȼ

ۿغսУЩ޴Ӱٴ
еֱӳѪڣŭسսҧ˹
սػ˻֣һ˶ϣ˲ĵöᡣ
ͬʱһĲҽС
Ӵ
սЩȵؿһۣ㱾
Ǹ˲ŭ˵ʲôϽȥӵĵ̣ĵط
սոǲ۸һޣ
Це˵˼طҵġе𣿡

ʱغͻȻһġꡱ
ĻѾˡ
ǶˣʲôϽſӣ
սЦЦƳЩӰһۣԣȻı塣
˵꣬˺ӡ
ۣҺú£
ʲô࣬һϣ
ʲô
ӲŲأƾʲôҪģ
ҲɣҪȥ
ǣ챻ˡ
⸽ԽԽˣҲ
ףǻˣ
ιʲô֣벻뵱ʵۣ
սȵؿźĶɴ˫ۡ
û뵽װŵģȻ
ǣⶫȻǣ
ˣ
ѹ֮ǰ;֣Ȼкüʶ
ڿⶫǵ˾ŵǡ
Ǹո˵ô£
սͻȻʲôó֧ӡ
֧ӣ֮ǰʱ̫Żʺ͸ġ
̫ʱԭǲҪġֻǾҪƴǵʱ򣬿ռͻȻ춯˳
˭֪Ȼ̫
Կָ̫һФ񻭣̫ʱģƺŵòᡣ
Ҳ֪ҹûجΡ
սţžǾߴߴشߴ
ףȻӣ
ǾΥζӳ
ζܺóԵӣܸӳ𣿡
ս
ֱɿɰСʹƫƫҪԳӣֱ졣
ʣµӰڼսôǣֱӰСʣµ֬ӽ˿ռ䡣
Դռ䴫춯ͲµⶫԿռʲôô
ֻĳһֱûҷŽȥ
ڻɽϣõı˷֣԰Žռˡ
һŽȥռͿʼ
òҡ
ƽսͷ֣ĿռԱˡ
ԭֻĶشСȴǱʮĶصĴС
ĿյȫǺ͵أֵúܡ
ˣռȪƺЩ仯ȪˮеҪһЩ
սȵؿ仯޲ðֻҲӽȥ
뵽Żʺסˡ
ʱǼͻȻһ⣬ֱӷɽĿռ䣡
սɫ䣬ҪȴѾˡ
̲鿴ռ䣬ȴռƺڷ췭ظı仯
ţľͱ˿ռ䣬Ҳˡ
ս𾪲ѡ
õռ˺ܶ취Ҳûֱպ󣬿ռſʼһ㷢˱仯
룬ֻһֻÿռ䷢ôı仯
ǼԼܽĿռ
ǶģǲĿռɣ
ƫƫڸȥҲ֪Ҫȶá
ս̲סЩġ
ڽȥռ䣬㵣Ҳ޼ƿʩ
սŬԼ侲
Ŷľӣҵ
ǣЩʱ䣬þеӶһ顣
ŵȫЩ鱦һЩͭǮͭǮʽȻǧǰĹ
Щصûǹõġ
ս̽һ¿ռ䣬ֻǽȥֻȽЩ
룬ȡ˿ڻغȻ󽫺ӸԭװľкۼӶ˳ȥ
ѹϽţѹʵ뿪˻ɽ
һ·Ȼûûε˯˹ȥ
һֱ˯˴˯Ѻ۾ĵһ¾Ǽռ䡣
ڣһԽȥˡ
ս˿ϾȥԵʳѹѹ
Ȼռɵˡ
ռֱ˲٣һɽ
ԭ͵ȫɫǣϸһȻǸָĲҩ
սģĿռ䣬ûüϲͷһǳˬ顪жĵҰ
Сȥ
ϻһصʳװ
һЩе߰ˮˣ
սˣˣ
-

235 ߹

սŭߣƯˮľ
ǿ׶೤ݰͰ͵ģһӪӡ
ս̧߷һųԹƻˣۿǿƻһͷűŸ첲Ц
Ӵ˭ӣе̧̲ԴŭصսոߵģȻӣ֪˭𣿡
ս׵Ī۸޵ĸо
ǿصǽ壬ֺ˺ģЩô£˭׼Ƕģ
Ȼڣ͵ʳԣ
սؿˮľһ١
ͻȻе㲻Ծ
ôˣ
ΪһֱҴĵذóԣֻÿ͵һ㣬ѾԽԽˡ
װˡ
ڣЩȻ˴룡
ȵȣǲ͵㣿
棬Ȼ͵ԣ
սһֱڵسž˹ȥ
Ǻܴսȥʱ͵ԵѾܽˣû¾͵ǰ
Ȼųԣûд
սһЦһסĲӣ׼Դһᣡ
͵һ˫ۣɵؿﻹ㣬һ֪ʲô±ģ
˺üȭͷ͵㣬ۡһ˳
ۣȻӣʹˣ
ʱʣ°׷ײسսΧ˹
ιʲô
ſСţ
֪˭񣬾Ȼ·ϣ
С£㣡
ˣҪҧ㣡
սۿŰڵسιһЦ
žһᣡ
һӺ
սŸ첲緢վߡ
űſžС
һǵ˲ˮøСĳ̶ȡ
㼫ˡ
ͦɰġ
սһӣԱ߾Ͷ˰ӺһС輸
輸ϻһӨ͸ѡ
ռˣռеһȫƿءֻҪһͿÿռжλá
սյ£ժѿʼԡ
οռͻȻ˵ʵһֱͦĵġ
ոһ£ռ仹ƿ֮У˿
ȷ˿ռûսŷĵسѣ۲Ǿ
ֻǻ̯ڵϣ͸һ
ս̲ס˸ۣȻһװСͳ˲輸ϡ
һ£Ȼּװ
սۼط֣һ͵͵۾ֱؿǴѡ
Ƭ̺ǻ˿ˮ
Ǹղ͵Сţ
ս
Щǵڴġԭ괫Ȼǡ
ǸغеʱͷˣһӡҿǴ˵ѾʧĴ
ֻǲ֪Ǳ˭Ǹ겻ա
ǣһӡȻɡ
Ϊӡʹõϱԣֱ˴ľǡ
Ҳǳ߹
ڣǲ͵ʳˮ㣡
ᣬȻѣ
ôԵǵ
ս۾ժһѣ͵Сǰ
Сŵ̱۾Сɵıȴ˶Ȼŵɢζ
ȻǵĿˮˡ
ҲʼҶ
ս⽫ԶһЩȻͿ۾СͻȻ쳤˲ӣ׷Ѿ͹ȥˡ
ͻȻӦ˹Ͻ˻ȥװղʲôûз
͵͵۾ڹ۲顣
սôСôǣ
ǲǲеġ
һϵĹô㣬Ҫٲʰ㶼ñ͵ˣ
Щò״Ѽģ
뵽ս̰͵ҵ㣿ҵʳˮ
Ĭװ·ѾһȺ
սһͶ˿ӡ
ʱӡѾģ·ӡ
սԲӡó󣬾ӶӲˡ
һЦеӡȻǵҵĵطҵ㣬Ժ͵ùԹҵģ֪𣿡
ƺ⻰ǳһѸ̧СԴ˫ðصƾʲôҪģ
սǵãϴ
ƾǳҵ㣡ЦӡŲھⶫ˵ôǣǡ
ϴŵСӶӲˣң
-

236 Ѿ

սûӡϾǴ˵еĴԵĹˣ̫ˡ
ЩСȻѱܲأǵѵԺҪ޷죿
סӡ·ʱҪΪʲôңǣҵʵѸǡ
⻰һŬװСŵô۲ҪԵӣӲóԣ
Ҳ׷۾ؿս
սһȺСҪװȥˡ
ŬĿؿǣҲУԺԹ
˵ָ̧㣬Ժҳԣ
Ȼָŵϵʳװ͹˵ҵĶԺ󶼲׼Ҷ
ŵһȺСؼһ𣬿ˡ
սɫؿ˵УǳҵĶҵɽ˻ɽסҵĵϣԺøɻծ𣿡
һȺŹ˵СȻԸӦΪľϵĻȨָʵۣϰŰӡ
ԸսĻ
սҲţһ߳ѣһЦеظȺСһѺõĽ
ǳ˳ʶԼأӦծ
սʱ࣬Цеز˲֣ˣڿԸɻˣǵðЩʰáУҵĶҶ
ϴˬغһ֪ϻ࣡
սָ˵СԴϴ󣬹ܺõܵǣҪһʱ򣬷ﻹûʰãͲˡ
ϴſҪҧûҧսһ£ϴ˸
һ㣬ȳȥˡ
ս˵ȥͻȻϻʪ·ֻȥϴϴȻɾ£ų˿ռ䡣
ԴӴԽͲѾҹƽ˭Ҳ֪ʲô
ֻ챾ڿռﶺһЩʱ
ʱ͸ˡ
·ȥʱ򣬾ͿƽЩĵؿôô岻ɣȥǵطôǵطȻǱˣ
սؿһۣ˵ʲô䣿
ƽʱҶˡ
Ȼ»ھﴫ˿
ʹôһĵطϢ˶òţ͵͵²ô⡣
ͬʱһ˵Ϣھд
սͳ̵Ļʽӣʱڶʮڡ
ڣҲһµʱ䡣
ô̵ʱʵִ̫Щ
֮ǰսȻͻ˵Ļڲδ£ԺܶõĶû׼
ͻȻѻڶһºô̵ʱ䣬׼ȫ
Ǵ׼
Ϣһ˸˼죬еǶսʲô
ôѻڶôִ٣񲿸׼
ҪĹ񣬱ʮ¡ء
ڲִ׼϶ܶණʱô¡ص
ôһ룬˶͵͵ֻսѾ⵽۵
ܶ͵͵ע뿴ķӦ
д˶ãռŰ裬϶ϲ۵ʹͣܿ͵
룬žȻû֣һȺóѰˣʼڻĵѰ
ϢһǶ̲ס棬ѵǵطп
ȴãѾˡ
ƬĵͿˣҪп󣬻ֵţ

һֱڹͷĴԣѾ
ΪθսʹֱͦķԷ֪Ԫˣ
۾øϽ˳ȥ֪ƬĵǱĺ˰ѹԪ˹
Ԫ׼ʱȻЩţ򶨡
ֻǵ߽ѿɫ˲
ԪͲµۻȴû뵽ô
Щڡ
ɿջĿ⣬ɫߵ룬񣺡Ԫμ¡
ûǲõ۾Ŀ񵶷һڹԪϡ
ûпڣôؿŹԪ
ԪеĲƣһԽԽ죬ƫƫ߸Լġ
Ҫģǲ
ǹԪʵعţװɵʣ֪¼ٳ빬кηԸ
ȴ쳣ƽ˵հѰжţ
Ԫ⻰ʹ˸ͻ
-

237 ˵Ĳ

Ԫ۵ĻЩ顣
ѰȻ˵ˣ˵˽»˼䣬ӱ¿ˡ
Ƭɽ˿ˣп
Ȼǿطһֱţ
˵ǣɱϾǾǵĵ
ôһطţʲô£
ӦòµõǸطһֱû˶϶ʲô
ھȻѰӱ¿ˣһô
ǵطҪҳñȥʹ͸ս
Ԫ͵͵︹̣Щɲ˵ٽ£϶Ѿ֪ˡ
Ҫ˵ϵ
Ԫתܿ˵£ȷʵЩš
˵仰㲻ٶ˵ŭ˲ǣ
΢΢ӸµؿŹԪҧгݵ˵֮ǰûиޣǵطƬĻĵأ
ԪЩŵر壬ȴɲ˵֮˵޻̸֮вҥΪҲ֮˵Ѱ󣬴ҳǿػߵԭ򡣡
͵һӣԪӦ֪ǿĵأΪβޣ۾
Ԫͷľ죬Щ
ûֱֱ׳˵ֻǾãǿΪʡǵطȻߣΧϡ٣طֹ󣬲ҤǸǷӶ
۲صֱЦˣ͹ްǿش͸ռѾͷԪǲΪ޲ɱ㣿Ȼ޶ƣ
ҡԪݵǾ仰ôֻΪǿúʡ
㡪ץֽȥͻȻϲһ飬ϽַˣԪ㣬ط
Ԫܾ̾£˾ٲסʥּ£ɳϦģοѰϢѾǣ䶼֪ǿطѾʹ͸ͻȻģջο£
ɫ࣬Ԫڿһˣô˵ǲӦˣ
ԪĽŲѣȴǳ֣ϢŭǳӦֻʥּ£ѳɶ֣½ԣܳϦġ
ŹԪ۾ˡ
뿳ˣȴ֪Ԫ˵Ļе
οԪȷʵͣѻúܺáΪôһ¾ͽԪʵڲס
ϣ˺һ뵽ǵطȷҤ߲Ӱʲô
еɱ⣬Ц㡭ܺãԪɱڣ
Ԫ˿ȻԴǵ˵һΪְأǣҲڣ
һƣǸȻģ;ķɴ˸˳ȥ
ĸѯ˾ԣ˵˻ˡ
ЩԾԲܷȥǿĵѾȥˣȷʵûġ
ҧҧ˴˽ȡ˲䱦ĵʹ͸ս
ʹһ£ﻳսȻ˺ܶࡣ
˶ãۼȻ̬Ҳˡ
˭֪žȻѰ
һҳݵļƣ
ǣȻӰǿĵΧų˻
ֻҪһöͭ壬ͿԽȥѰ
Ҫҵ󣬾ͿõһӵĽ
ûҵҵʲôмֵҲ쵽Ľ͡
ϢһȫǵİǶ䶯ˡ
ҵ󣬾ȻõһӵĽδ̫ˣ
һʱ䣬˷׷׳Ƭĵӿ˹ȥ
ǵط䣬Ҳסҵĺġ
һöֲͭ࣬ϵؤó
Ǻܶ˾ȵط֣ǮܽȥѰ˾Ȼ٣
ԪϢʱ򣬲㶼Լǻˡ
˵ѾʹͣΪθͣˡ
˭֪Ȼ飡
˻ǮȥѰ
ҵ˾һĽͣ
ؼǣȻ˽ȥ
Щ˵Ӷˮô
ԪȵؿǰŵĹܼңȷϢûǵѵطΧ˽ǮȥѰ󣿻Ľȥˣ
ܼҵ˵ͷϵıͬһѾ
һֱΪԼүһĲεѾˡ
뵽Ȼиģ
Ƕ˵óɱ
ôã׬ǮҲǸأ
˵һͭ岻࣬ǣ£ӦǮŶԡ
ôˣ
ؼǣȻԸȥ
ѵ̫䣬Ӷɵˣ
ܼ鸴ӵص˵ͷȷʵ˽ȥˣ˵٣ȥֵġ
Ԫ˼һͻȻ˵ȥж˽ȥˡ
-

238 ִ

ܼҵ˹Ԫܿȥˡ
˺һɳȥ˲Żܼ˴ϢȥҹԪˡ
Ԫڵһȥʵˣ˽ȥˣ
ܼЦЦ˵Ϊֹȥмʮˡ
ԭͦȣȻ˻Ǯȥ
С˴Ϣ־òΪȻ
żʮ˶ѣҲżʮöͭ壬ʵûʲôġ
ԪһżʮˣҲôˡҡͷЦȥֵģҲ̫ˣѰͰˣֵôǲ¶˵ġ
ܼҵͷͣɲǣλǸọ́⾭ӪϵѧʣүͲԶˡǿʲôүǣ
Ԫ֪ڷУǾܲ
۾ЦϺ꣺ˣǼС¶ѣֲɵһֱȥġ˵ǰ׷ѹ򣬿ɺôҲ׬ʮͭ壬ʡȥ˹˵Ļ뵽ְ취Ѿܲˡ
ܼҲΪȻү϶뵽õİ취
Ԫڵ˵ˣ¾Ͳٹˣô󣬱²ɿŵġ
뵽ŵ̲סЦЩҵ˵һΣǰҴæ
Ԫҡ
ιƼǿ鱻Ļĵأ˵Ѿ۾ϡ
οòᣬҪ
˵һ϶ܲ˵׼ʲôʱҪʰ
ŵʹͣʹϢľͰˣƫƫֳô룿
Ԫ̲סЩϲôһ֣ǵǷѾ׵Ȼ޴棬ֻʣ²ˡ
Щ϶Ҳٺܶࡣ
Ǵ˰
ҪҲ͹ȥ
Ԫ룬Ǿ˲̫ˣһ͹ȥ͵εлˡ
ȥʵ᲻ðղصЩֻͳȥ
ΪһﶦԪдһ֣ùܼҸ͹ȥ
ܼҼôţЩȥʱ̵úܡ
үÿζôţľЩҲס
ȻƤҴҸϵȴ֪Ѿۼ빬Ͳڸ
ܼһžͰҡ
˵ŵһ㶼
Ųá
ȻƨƵظˡ
ߺĹܼҲ鿴һд֣̲ס˸ۡ
˵Ԫţû뵽ԪȻô٣
ֱдһ־͵ˣҲ̫ˣ
ҡҡͷǰСŻٴá

һͱȥۡ
۵ĵһۣͷ۵ɫܲÿ
ŵ΢΢һ
ʵͲµˣμ빬˳Ҫʦġ
ûϵ׼
뵽ŵ΢΢һ񣺡ţμ¡
۲õؿţһѵ뵽һʼ˹ԪɱΣϢˣøģЩΡ
˰֣˵ɡ
Źվ
۶ô˵ˣҪǼţǳԼд⿹ּ
رɴ࣬һҲˮ̲ס
뵽ͷĴԣ۱ŭʣ˵˰ƬĵΧͣ˽ȥѰ󣿡
˵£̲ס
Ҫ͵͵ѰͰˣƫƫֵ˾֪ð룿
ֵôҪʲôѰǶˣ
ԼͰˣƫƫҪŶ
۷ǳˡ
ܿʣ֪Ѿֵ˾֪ʲôҲճ
֮ǰѾ˵ǣһ㶼š
Դǵ˵£ֻǾãǿػߵʵΡԻ˿ҪҳΪ·ǡ
⻰̲סЦô˵ĵѰֵ˾֪Ϊޣ
۷ǳˬžȻڣ
һ֪ˣϽ˵»֪дţǶºͳŹƬĵء
Բںȴű±ǣ¡
Գ룬ܹҳ󣬱֤¶߻ۣҥǰºͳŹ»ĵء
ô˵Ļͽɢˡ
뵽ֵô󣬻ЩҲֵ˾ֳ֪ճ
-

239 

ţЩô˵
Ҫžճ
ͻȻЦ·ģѾˡѰʲôģҪãҵ˿ÿ˵¶߻ۡ
ҲôȥˣҲ֤ĵϵν޻̸֮ͬԳЩԡ
˵ЦøˬʣʵִҲ˻ᣬǵ˶֪
ǵطƬĵأڳȴǿ鱦ءǸطΪߣһֱ̺ŵǰôˡ
˵ͷͷǵЦһˬʣһûУȻİǿĵص˱ʣµǵҲˡ
̾˿ˣ±ڣǵ˶Ѿ֪£㲻׼ִˣ
æͷֵ֤ø
ۼ״뵽ƬĵΪһʱ˹ԪɱΣʹ͸սǳЩ鷳
ٿŸжµͻȻЩ顣
µ׻ǹԪ
ĬĬԪһʣְοţ˵ûЩǸùܹˣѾ£ŹЩҥ֮ˡ
һǸжµл˶
ۿЩ飬ûֱӴȥˡ
ŷǳɴس˹һ·ػ˼ҡ
ֻǻصɫ̳
ֱȥ˾Ժͷζٴαɫ
ζսʲôʳ
ʱˣһ㲻
ЩΣȴǳʵ̿ˮ
߽Ժʶķһۡ
˭֪ʱսͻȻˣ
ŸϽջȻװʲôûзһ㣬һؿս㣬ȥ鷿˵ɡ
սɵص˵ͷȥ鷿
鷿̿裬¶Ҫͷů͵öࡣ
ŽȥȲʵƬĵп󣿡
սһ޹Ҳ֪
㲻֪㻹Ŷʱˣȹϵϣȥִ֪֪ˣոձ¼٣Զºܲ⣡
ս⣺ΪʲôΪִˣҲûʲôֻǹ˽ȥѰѡ
ֵô󣬱µȻ᲻ˡ»ĵأд˵ְֵô󣬱ΪǶʹ
ŵıЩء
̫ж෴޳ˡ
Ȼ۵ĸֲǶһ޶ģ£λ˲֪
ڷ˺ӦСĽץס˰ѱ
Ȼˮʯһ죬ۻݲ
սüͷһ壬Ѿ֪ˡ
̾ϢֻǾãǵطһֱʵ֣˵пأҪǵıǾ˰ɡ
˵ѾǮȥˣǳǲף˶ٷųϢ˵ˡ
Ŷʱ˿Ҳգɡ
ȻѾŻ˵ڣҲȥ
Ѿʹּͣ빬Ҫļȥڴ۵ˡ
սƺЩˣͰοҲ⣬ǵطȻƬĵأɵ׵طҤģûпҲӰ첻ʲô
ʵɣûпˡ
Ҫҳ˵Ŀǵطɾͳֵɽ
ҵ߽֮ͭģǾ͸ˡ
տʼʱ˵ǵطǸĻĵأҲǷǳʹ죬ȥָ
սȰѾ뿪ˡ
˵º˵£ָ˲ʹ͡
͸κβˡ
뵽սǵطúܣʲô
ǸӰ
ǺѰģ
ǵطҪпñ˷ˣﻹֵõǣ
Ԫ˿ǸôһƬĵأԪѾ˸׵
Ҫǵطʵ̫ߣֺ޼ֵԪһֱû񻹲ϧ۾ϣ۰ʹ͸ս
뵽Ԫ;ӻ
۸ʹͱϾһƬ⣬ֹԪ϶Ȼ
治Ҫ
ŲͣﰵԪݺݸһʡ
˭֪ʱͷͻȻƽ
ˣ
һɫЩѿ
ƽʵ̫ûˡ
µģʲôӣ
ڻǴأϲӣܺ
ɫһ߹ȥ鷿ţ俴ƽ
Ȼסˡ
ƽװɫǳ죬Ǹոմͷܻ
-

240 ڵ˲ر

ſƽͻȻЩԾ
ƽոպˣı飬ôͦ˷ܣ
ЦãǶҪֵˣ
ƽȴЩ£ŵؽӲƬ̣ͻȻʲôϽ񣺡ū澼ү
źɵؿոմʲôˣ
ƽ⻰ͻȻüɫЦүϲ°
ϲ£
ŸӺˣʱʲôϲ£
ǰүūȥƬĵأ˷һߣͷ˺öأ
ʲôŵ󾪣һץסƽ½󣬡˵ģ
ƽ˲ŵˣɫЩףȻģū澾ǻϲģҲˣүҪǲţȥ
˵꣬º͹ܼҾ˹
һ£Ѱ󣬾ڸ
֪һֱڻĵǱߣڼȻ˹϶Ǳ߳˴£
̷ſƽ£Щʣƽո˵Ǳҵһߣͷвӣģ
ϻſϲ֮ɫæ˵ͷүģѾ˳ǸүȥһˣǸвӣûʬ壬רڵĲر
⻰ͺݺݲ˲˿֪ˣ̳
˵꣬ս˳ﻹвرҲҪȥ
תͷŮװܾ̾ˣúôڼϢȥȥǵطҵúܣ˶ӣһҾͱȥˡ
սҲȥЩͼˣʲôһ
ոô˵ֻǲɰˡ
սװԸ򴽣ǺðɣҪЩЩӴҪװʲô
˿浣սҪȥ
ģһ
뵽ǸرͷĶܿܲһ㣬ûֱ˵Ӵ
Ҫ֪еĶռӵеġ
źܿˡ
ս뿪ıӰ˴ǡ
ʲôû˱ˡ
Щ죬һֱ˵ŻһƬĻĵء
ѰҲû˳Ц
ҵ˲رЩ˵ɫ϶ܺÿ
ǹԪǸŵ
Ҫ֪Ϣ֪᲻Ѫ
ƽЦüɫ裬ϲ̵˹ū澿Ǹرˣͷ˺Щأͷ˵װŽӣ
սЦЦת鷿߱ʣŶûǵطжӣ
ƽϽȥ⡭ū澿ЩӾȲػﱨϲˣʱЩӻûóأūҲ֪жӡ
սƳһۣ㶼֪ʲôϲһ㶼أ㳭һס
ƽ˲ﲻҪ
ף
ֲǲ֪дˣ
ңʲôãҪף
ⲻҪ
սĬĬóӣ㲻Ը⣿
ƽ˲û˵ӣϽЦū澡ūԸ⡣
սЦúóҪд֣дòÿٳʮ顣
ŷ֣ԭƽд֡
Ѿͷģһ㶼ءףĥĥӡ
ƽЦÿˡ
ҿֻʵóīֽ⣬׼дס
սؿڹ顣
ʵռָ֪ȥЩض
ûô
Щ鱦٣ؽռȻû⣬ԺҪóãͻЩ鷳
͵͵ڳ
ܳͷĳЩ˵
ѾĽ鱦Ȼ٣ûĳ̶ȡ
ڳ۶Ҳջȥ
Žӣ϶Щ鱦
ԣЩļױ
ЩԺЩʲô͸ӷˡ
⣬ȥƬĵص˲٣Ϣ϶סѾˡ
Ҳ֪Щ˻ʲôӦ
뵽۸ոմµЩս;úЦ
Ҫ֪Ϣ϶ܡ
ϧ

鸴ӵؿźǧۡ
뵽ƬĵأǾЩԲסźսжӳ̡
ǰ鱾ЩίǸӣһط˭֪Ȼ£
ŻʺûԹ
ֹԪǸţˣ
ʱ첽˽£ո洫ϢƬĵڳ˶
-

241 ϶йŹ

һڵ˶ѵǵطп󣿡
ıЩһѾ⵹ǡ
˿
˵ǵطôܻڵ
ûذһۣȻǿ㼱ʲô
ȻͰ͵̫סˡ
뵽ͻȻòԾ
ɵؿЩ֣˲çײӰѲɣڳĶ򵥣
ǡʱѺĻ˵˳֪Ƭɽڵһر
رƬɽۻԼˣϢ˭ģ
ֵطôܻвر
ò˭Ҵɣ
С˵Ѿȥˣر£ӦġԴؽͺѾȥ˺üʮˡرֺЩȫ˳
ʵҲ߯Źˡ
һƬɽ˵ǱģȻڵ˲ر
£ֻлϲŻ֣
Ҫģɾײˡ
֮ǰѰʱ򣬲˻ڳЦء
˭֪ûҵȻҵ˲ر
Ҳ֪ͷײ˶ٺö
͵͵һۣȻѾɵˣϽջ񲻸Ҷ࿴
ֱˣɵ㶵ϡ
ƬɽϣȻڵ˲ر
ŰֵôȥѰ󣬽ҵˣ
˺һʵô֪ǲرѵʲôﲻɡ
С˵˵ЩӣЩӶû֪ͷװʲô˶Щ϶װűϢѾˡ
Ҳܺװĵʲôϧ
ۻȻԭȻˣǾ͵Űɡ
ЦЦҪ˶ãͻϲˡ
ǵطҪڳ˲رſ϶ţضҪۣҪ͸š
˵ã԰ЩѺ빬
ЩﵱװǱĻ
ǲ֪ԪҪ˵Ϣô롣
뵽һëεԪﲻ˼ͬ顣
ЩװĶЩþͰˣҪװʲôԪҪѪ

˸ЪڼĹԪյ̱ϣ˷ܵغϷ
˭֪ܼͻȻ˽黹Щţүˣ
Ԫһ٣̧ͷʣʲôˣ
꣬Ϳ˹ܼѿɫøϽֱ壬Ҳôôţ׳ʲôˣ
ܼҿ·ʱܿ޳үո洫ϢƬĵڳ˲ر
ʲôԪ͵վⲻܣǿĵأôڳر
ܼҽŵ˵ڴ˵ڵһͷкܶӡ
Ԫ̲м˵ֻڵӶѣôǲرˣ˵һá
Ȼô˵ȴЩ
Ҫã˭ڸ
ԣҲܲʱ򻹺úõģڱã
ԪתתȥԽԽò
ͻȻ˾ȥ
ҪڸʲôͲˣǵطڵʲôر
ͷ϶йŹ֣
Ԫܿˡ
һߣҲ˵ϢϽȥ̣Լһȥ֡
ֵŸͷͷ
·ϣѺʳ̣磬˵ϢļٵģǵطȻڳر̫˰ɣֲǻ
̱Įȥ
ѲôУˣ˵ˣһĲرأ
ȻҪȥˣ
ôֱӴӿٶȡ
һϽȥ
ǲԶֵܿ͵˵ط
ǵʱֻѾһƬˣȻֵġ
ں״ϽǰȺֵȥ
ҪȥͻȻԶ
ţһӰ˳
һ۾ϳ̲סԳ˵쿴ǹԪǸ
̵Ƴ˹ԪһۣͻȻЦһȻ
Ƭĵػʹ͸սǶ˹Ԫ
ֻҪ˵ڳ˲رôܲ
ǲ֪ǸǲĲ˱
ҪģԪθˡ
̳ع˹ǣ˴˽ȥ
ϳǺ󣬸Ͻǰ·
һһ˾͵Ǹڳرĵط
ǵʱ˰Ӱ
ûӣЩҪӵ
ֵһͿ˸ľӣŻ顣
Ա׳ӣӵ
ΧѾ˺üӣֻǻû򿪡
-

242 鱦

ѺؿЩӡ
ӿܳ¾ɣʽҲرϣһǺܶǰġ
ǲ֪浽װʲô
Ѿ⼣߰ߣԾõع棬û򿪡
ԽԽȣ̲סʵЩôû򿪣ñװʲô
òǱɣ
ǿɷˡ
ԣƬɽѾʹ͸սڳҲûϵ
ʲô䱦ȻǸʣҲûռϽ
뵽ʶ̡ȴʲô鶼ûУĿⶼûЩͷ·һҲ档
̲סʵ磬һ㶼װʲô𣿡
Ƴһۣܺ棿
ƽҲģڳѵĶĪ;﷢š
زˡ
Ϊʲôأ
˼ȥһ˲뵽˹ؼ
طսģڳĶȻҲսģôʣ̿϶ǾڵսĶ
٣͹˰ɣ
Ǻô
ѵ涼У
û飬ҪҪôţ
֮ǰ˭˵δܻģ
Ʊ䣡
︹̣ȴɰͰ͵˵ȣҡʵҲ̫棬ǡǵɩӡϾЩӶû򿪣˭֪װʲô˵ǰɣ
žվڲԶøЩһԱߣۿµ˰ͷĶȡ
طƬɽȴڳһߣͷ˲ӡ
ʵεúܡ
żۼˣﻹЩ
ȵʲôĶ˳ֽš
ʮСģۿŲŸҷġ
ѺͳһͿˣЩһ˵֪ΪЩӳֵʵڹŹ֣һֱûҶȻλ¶ڣҲԷĴˡ
˭Ҳ֪﾿ЩʲôƫƫϢѾס
ҪǰӴ򿪣ͷʲôᱻȥ¡
һֱûӣ۵˵֮ٵ˵棬Ӵ򿪡
Ļ˷ĶҲû˽ء
۵Ȼûǳ̺ͳѵѾ㹻ˡ
λɶϲĵӣ۾㻳˭Ҳỳǡ
˵꣬䵶һ˿ϵ
Ȼ󵶼ŷ϶һ׾ٵ˸ӡ
ֻ˲䷭Ȼ顱һ¡
ͬʱĶҲ¶˳
һ
Բۣ̲סһͷװĶӣļٵģ
ôɲǸСĿ
Ҫġοɷˣ
ΧкüӣҪͷװҲӣǡ
ſһۣȥЩǼ١
½Щء
ص˵ͷȻߵӱߣһӵ˵࣬ʼ顣
ȻƬɽѾʹ͸սɽڳôӣǴ£
¿ӵֻһѾ߸
һװôأ
װʲô
뵽ʱˡ
ƴԼ侲Ȼż顣
ڵĹؼǼЩǲġ
¼ʱѾӡ
˱㿴еװͭǮеͷװ˺üСӣЩСӴ򿪺һЩʯΡ
֮Ǽֵǵĺö
ʱһӵ
ҪСܶࡣ
Ȼʱ򣬸ӵ׳ȴ÷ǳ
һĻֻҪǲɵģܲ³װĶܳ
ӷŵϺ󣬳̲ס˹ȥγԼ䵶ԾԾԵ˵ñԣ
δ䣬Ѿһ˿Ȼɴ˸ӡ
һ򿪣ͷȻǽӲӵһƬλ˵ۡ
Ѽ״ϲ֪СȻôͷȻװǽӣ
˵̲꣬סţοǷˣ
æ˵ҡ
ͷĶҪûô
һӻƽٶɲСĿ
˵ЩʯҲֵơ
ﻹûóҪǶóˣĿǸ
ſûӰЩȫڼ
ʱԶԶںĹԪ˹
һѵĻ˲伤˹
ܵ·ʱ򻹲Сıڵأس嵽Щǰ
ӣǽӣ
Ԫһץסһ𶧾һͣȻһҧ
ӡˣȻǽӣ
-

243 Щ㷲

ѿŹԪӣ̲סЦһӴⲻǻԪʲôˣ
ԪһܿһشӵվϵĻҳҶ̺ͳһ񣺡ºͽ£˵߳Щ飬Щģ͹
ʲôĵģЦóƬɽѾʹ͸˶ɩڵ˲رͷĶҲǶɩģʲô£
˵꣬⿴˳һ̴ۣ΢ͲµԼˡ
Ѷʱ˷
Ȼ˷һͻȻ֪طӦ
԰ʲôø˵ģ
ϱܵܣ˷ܸʲô
ߣɫܣһ㶼壡
͵͵︹̣ȴҳ̷һתĿϷɿɨ˹Ԫϡ
ſսĸףˡ
ҪǶŷ𣬶϶Ź
öɩ֪ˣ˵ݺݼһʣԺ촵ͷ磬ֵܵĹϵ
ԣǹԪȽϺ۸
˭쵰۾ϣøʰƬĵʹ͸ɩӵģ
ԣǻĵأ
һɽ
뵽ѿԪԽԽ䣬ϵĳҲԽ޼ɵˣ˵⻹Ƕ˹飬Ҫ⾫ϸѡôõطɩܵõЩ鱦˵ǲǣ
Ԫովͱ̼òᣬ⻰˲ҪѪĳ嶯
ǰ»Ƕ
ƬɽȷʵϸѡȰ˵ʹ͸սģ
ǣû뵽ֻɽͷڳر
ô
Ҫ֪ôᡭ
ԪԽԽڣƬӲӵĽ𶧣ݺҧҧ£¹ش󣬳ΪӦý¶ᡣοЩĿ࣬⡣
⻰ʶ˹Ԫһۣ񵶡
ûʲô飬ĿȴԪ˹ȥ˱
ֱЦ⣿Ԫ㻹밡
ЩФ룬ԪȻ뽫ǹ⣬ǵ죡
˵ţҲǸöԸģ
Ԫǵ죬ֻ˵ڡ
ʵϣԪ˵ҲЩˡ
źͳ̵󣬸Ǿһ䡣
Ǹô˵ˣ
⻰ܺ
ԪϽ˵ֻǾãӦҲôġ
Ȼ˵꣬ѾٴЦ˵ĻǣԪڴʥ𣿡
Ԫͷһݣֻ÷·һѵͷϣˣҴʥ⣿
ȻŹٴЦ㲻ң㶼۾ˣʲôҵģ
Ԫ⻰һľͲ³
͵͵˳һֳۣ˳򲻶ɫĳ̣ûѵѵ˼̲µҲŹ
Щ㷲
Ǵʥ⣬۾ϣǲС
˻ĵصƼۣ۰Ƭĵʹ͸ս
ʵ㲻̫أҲţ۲ΪҪС
ǳѺͳ̲һ
λҪǹôʥ۾£鷳ɾʹˣ
ԹԪսȭͷԴǵ˵ְأ˽ģǶԳʲô˵
ҪĻر¿ɷرѰĴ
һ˵ЩʲôͻȻ˵Ȼˣ͸ЩĶ˳ɡ
Ԫ⻰ʱ˿
г仰㲻õĳѼ鷳ˡ
˭֪̺ͽѺõܴһӣȻǸ޷ȴǳĻΨհ
Ȼ̿˿ڣѿ϶˵ʲô
ȻֻǲмһȻ綼ô˵ˣͺúɡ
˵ܲãԪȴǳ䵽ʵ
ſڣ˵طʲôûУᣬһԵͻȻóһСӺǦʣЦеصݵǰǦʣ˴Ӧûðɣͷ˴˰æ¼ˡ
ԪЦøϺƵģٶ˵ʲôֻܽӹֽʡ
ɫ󣬺ܿ˲ԡ
µݸСͦʵ滹ӲģͷƺľͷȻһƤ
ⶫȻʵЩдֵʱȴܷ㡣
²ЦŽͣССģƤͷ˲ľͷд־ͷˣֱžдҪרӡ
Ԫ뵽ʱ侩ı仯ɫ˱䡣
Դ۰䲼רר˾ʶĲ˶˼
ԼҲ
ԪϽ˶񣺡ʼɡ
-

244 ǳǴ˵еġ

ʼɡ
Ԫһ䣬±㵱˵棬ʼĶ
һ㣬Ԫһ߼¼
ͬʱиӴӶ˳һ򿪡
һʼҲ֣űɴ˵һߣø
û̫Զ³ʲô⡣
һֱСԱߣÿγѴӵʱţʲôء
ֹȥһʱȫ˳
ʵӲر̫࣬ˣҪʱܰŲ·Ȼӹ̶סȥ
һѵʱȻͶˡ
ҪĶȫϣʱȴǸࡣ
Եһӵʱº͹ԪԾ㡣
ԪСӣҪǼľƬķ涼ˡ
Ŀʹ
Ų㣬ĿҲʹˡ
Ѫ
̫ˡ
ʱЩӣַǳõԤС
û뵽ĺöȻô࣡
⡭ʵ̫ˣ
Ѫǣڻô꣬ȻһֱûзƬɽȻиر
ƬĵΪ̫ߣĴ˵һֱ֪ô졣
յûþ˵ƬĵأʱҲƬĵʵڹŹ֣ͷʲô
ص˺üأһֱûзֿŲò
˭֪ƬĵϵʱһôûУð۾ϵķհƬĵӸսطȻ˲ر
Ҳ̫ˣ
Ժ˻ô
ԪֻҪ뵽ͬŵķӦҪض㡣
סˡ
Ȼȷʵ̫ǡԪЩˡ
Щֵ͸ߴ֮ޡԱ߻вδü㣬еҪߴ
žĵӣҲЩ
ԣЩ϶Ҫġ
ʱ򣬻ܡ
Ԫ뵽̲סЦ
Ƣṵ̂۵ġЩ⣬Ժܣܲ
ȻʵЩأſ϶ҪЩǵý
һ㶼ں
Ԫҧҧ˫ð⣬̲סڵķƳһۡ
˭֪һۣͻȻһڲͬӣ
ӿĶһҪ߶һЩ
ǿͣͲѲ³ͷĶ϶һ㡣
Ԫ̱ȫע̲ס߹ȥ
Ҫ¼߲
Ԫֻ쳤˲ӣŤԴ۵ضţ۾գһ¡
ͬʱţ̺ͳѿӺɫҲˡ
ǸԪһµװĶ϶һ㡣
˷ܵĵҪͷʲôö
˵õ˭֪Ȼû˿
ɫһ䣬ȴ˷ˣȻǺö
һ˵һõû˿
ʱһֱվԱϹ۵ĳ˹ԡ
˵գԼ䵶Ǻݺһ
ѳѸһ
ֻһݺϣȻ룡
Ѹ𾪣̲ס˾ֿڣԲۣ
Ҳ𾪵ؿų̣ǿʲôŵ顣
ѾǸɿʵ㣬˺ü죬һԼ硭ոաոǡ
ɫ·ղŲûر飺ûʲô䣬Щرջ񡣡
⻰ȴ˲Բ۾Ķ˲Ͽˣ磬ոǸǲǴ˵еġ
ȴ㲻뿴ʲô𣿿Դˡ
ϵıʱЩһѾ
ʱ˭ںʲô
ٱĶôȵϳ̸ոһ
ո˲ȴһͰˣ
β𾪣
οոճ̻ӵʱоƺйر
ǳǴ˵еġ
ǣ
ҪǶǳҲ̫ˣ
ĿƵؿų̣ȴһȻӡ
·ղһûʲô
һĻһˮ˳ͷȵؿų̣ȴ̲סɡ
Ѳɣղˣ
Ȼôô侲
˼룬ͻȻ˵ôӣ
˸飬ų˫ڳۣϽõӡ
ֻ̫ˣڶ£˺ü²ŰѸӸ
һͷĶ˲¶˳
۵ģǷһֵĺӡ
Ǻӿͦӣһ֪Բͨĺӡ
Ѳ棬־
ȵȡ
-

245 ϡ䱦

ȥ͵ͣ
Ϊո˵ǳ̡
Ǳˣ϶
ɳ׶磬ֵСһ𳤴󣬶ĻȻ
Ťͷؿų̣磬ôˣ
ǸĺӣǸغУɫЩ죬ܿͿʲôñ
⻰ŵצӡ
ǺǼɵؿǸӣⶫȻǻغУ
ϸһȻֺӵɫЩ֡
뵽ܱܿĨ˶ողץˣѱŵݺһ
ô죿ʵͬʱ쳤˲￴ȥ
Щͷغ⣬вСӡ
ЩӴСһȴҲ֪ͷװЩʲô
ѿЩĺӾ̲ס棬һͲһ㣬װĶӦҲͬѰɣ
ǲ֪ЩװĶЩʲô
غУʵڹŹֵúܡ
װŵģֻʲôı
ѹ룬ĳȡ
ĿһתֿǸڡ
˵ʵڿʵڼªúܣžǴҴھģȲϴ˼ҵĹѨ
ǾªĶȻôĽ鱦
˭뵽
Ƭ۵ĻɽȻиر
пͻȻԪѾȲ˹ģ͸Сһ
ˣ
̲ס飬㲻Ǳ߼¼ôˣ
ԪƤ˶ɿɨܿתǴ򿪵˵£Ķǲһ㣬ȴ򿪿
ոտӵʱеԥҪҪ
˵иغкҲ̲סˡ
غа
ⶫҲ˵˵Ѿʧˡ
ⶫװģͨ
ùۿţ
οͷвӣװĶǺöҲúúÿ
˱˰æ¼ԼƬ̲ҵ˹
´ʲô
ԪЩӣͼѡ
˺һûʲôʾ̲סٴγ£ڲЩ𣿡
ƳһۣͻȻ˴ǣȻȲԴ򿪣
Ԫ˲ɵۣ
ʲô
Դ򿪣
ΪոûغͷĨ˶ģӸײһ𣬿϶Ҳմˡ

ԪЦûԿףǵˣ˿
µô˵ԲȣֻǶԱߵ˵޷棬ȥѺӴ򿪡
޷ŵһ£ȴһȻ
˵꣬óһƤףϡ
¹Ƥģ϶˽ˮԺܲ
޷׺Сؽغ𣬷һԡ
Ȼӣذ˿Ȼ򿪸ӡ
һʶһۣȻ̲ס
װģȻһȭͷҹ飡
ո򿪸ӵ˲䣬ڷ⣡
ôһţĥüΪ⻬ֳƯɫ˵ϡ䱦ҲΪ
ĶȻǲһ㣡
ǲ֪˭ġ
޷𾪲ѣٿʣµЩӣ͸ˡ
װҹ飬ʣµأ
װʲô
뵽ϽеĺӷһԣȻһӣذ˿
Ӵ򿪵ʱ޷ֻǰһƬӨ財
ϸһװľȻʮŴСһ͸ʯ
Щʯ״򣬴СҲͬ
էһˮ
޷濴ǣȴ
֪Щˮ
ˮ񲢲رĶϸҹһ
οЩ͸ʯ󣬹âӨ貣ˮɲĹ
ٿǵģ
޷һһ÷ɿ졣
ЩȻˮ񣬻ôӨ貣Ǿͺܿǽʯ
ЩʯĴȺ״ҲѵõϡƷ
޷뵽СذѺӷһԡ
Ȼһӣٴذ˿
Ķٴ˿
εĶԾ貶ĿȴʮӨ
Ҫϸ飬޷һ۾ϳװģ飡
ǲͨ飡
飬Ŀ֦СҲ۴
˵ǣЩ鲢Ѱİɫǽɫɫɫɫ
ÿһŶԲޱȣӨ󣬶
޷˺ðΣһĲŻƽ
ǽţ;ЩԾ
ȻƯʱ䳤˹ͻð
ЩĹôôã
ǵôģ
ѲɣЩڶʱ䲢
-

246 ߵĹԪ

޷һ󣬺ֽܿ˼ѹȥ
ԲЩʱȴʣµĺӡ
Щʲôʱģ϶˲飬ġ
˶СؽӷһԣȻʣµĺӣ˿
װĶ޷Ǻݺһ¡
˿ĬĬѶ£Ȼһʣµĺȫˡ
޷ѾҪľˡ
ҲûõĶȥ
Դ޷򿪵һӣԪ۾һֱɵôģ·ʱ˵úܡ
Ҳ𾪲ѡ
ôҲû뵽ͷȻôĺö
ôһ˲䣬еѰ󣬽رѰ˳
ôı˭ͷģ
黹ִˡ
ųãؿһ￪鲻
ԪǿŵķӦͻȻ־ø
϶ռˣȻ۾ϣ۰Ƭĵش͸ս
Ѱʱ϶ûٶڱﳰЦɣ
أ
ҵ˲ر϶ô⣡
ŰĵЦ
ԪͻȻʵĶ𣿿ɻʲô©
ԣĿس˹ȥǲģȥ̽һ
˵رǸշֵģûȥµǸʲôҲǺ˵ʲôҡ
ȥ˵úܣֻҪǱζӲӡ
ǹܹҳصİңǿɾ˴󹦡֪ˣ϶ˡ
Ԫһ⻰;ſ϶ûģҪ
תһ룬־ܲ
ΪƬĵص£ǰ۸ˡ
ûⲻʹ죬˵Ѿݺݸһʣ͵Ҹʱѵ
Ҫҵң´󹦣ۿ϶մá
ҪǣΪ飬һֱûзƬĵص⡣
ƫƫƬĵʹ͸սڳ˲ر
һȥ˻ô
϶飬ɽ֣Ȼһֱûз֣
װױ
ҵ˰ңȥҲǹ֡
ȲŷֲرĹͣҲʲôɿǿ
ôһ룬Ԫ̵˵ͷԴǵ˵ү֮Ϊ¾Ǳٵְڣ¹ش󣬱پȥ
˵꣬ͦţһس˹ȥ
ţиļӡ
Ԫո߹ȥŷԸ͹ȥ
ڶڵ׳һ̿˹Ԫһۡ
ԪӲȴʮָߴ󣬼߳˹Ԫһͷʮ׳ʵȹԪһš
Ԫվǰ˲ԵСˡ
Ա̫ңԪʱЩ
Ϊ飬֫ͷԼ򵥵׳Ȼǿϵġ
׳ƣùԪЩ⡣
س׳˹֣ͼλ׳ʿͱȥ
ŵ£ԪȻûǵźλү棬ҷ
׳һϡ
Ԫüͷ˵ĶЩֱ
˵Щʲô˭֪׳ͻȻһ
ʱ䣬ԪֻԼ챻նˣ˲Ť㡪
Ȼû˵꣬׳һץס½󣬽ӽ˶ڡ
ͻʧŵùԪɫҰףʶץסӡ
ǷǳֲڵȻʵȴʮĥˡ
Ϊֲ̫ˣץʱֱӾͰѹԪƸĥˡ
ʹŤƫƫ֡
˫Ųȵʱ򣬹ԪѾŵ˫ȷվȡ
һ£Ҫˤ
ץסӣס塣
ֻһĥƵ˿ھ͸ˡ
Ԫȴǹ˲ˣվȺ׼⿪ӡ
õĴ򷨣ǰûⲻ
˫ֱĥƤָҲ۵ʹϾ
ԪòУֱյôֻܳɤȣˣ졭ȡȾȱ١
ٲ⿪ӣҪˣ
׳־Ҳ̫ˣյ۲˵ʱӾȻյøˣ
ԪԼ챻նˡ
Ը˲󣬿ʼƴȡ
ɫ˱䡣
ԪֻǿԪ˳ۣҪԪһСѵ
뵽Ԫȥôң
˵ôģ
üͷ׻ǵĹԪˣȥ
ҲǹԪùﱾ˸ӵġ
ֻǿӰȥҲץӳˡ
ڶ͹ԪһˣæĶûС
-

247 ͣ

̺ͳԪҲЩԾ
ʵں棬̲סߵڣ쳤˲￴
߻谵Ԫվڶ·Ųƴسڿ
ϣóѿ˸
ۿԪزͣӸ첲Ѿ̲סЦ
٩Ӵôˣ
ԪǸֻı飬Ѫͬʱ̲ס︹̣ȻǸҪ̫⸱ˣﻹ٩
ԪƣȴҸ˺
أҪ˺Գײеӣ϶
ʱɾˣ
˵¡⡭յʵ̫ˡﳼ⿪ӡ
Ѽ˵ˣֻЦѽԭôôСģģȥ㣡
˵꣬ĵˣȥȹԪ
Ԫһ㶣Ȼ
Ȼ˵㣬зִġ
Ϊ飬͢سҪ£¿϶
ʱ򣬳ѼΪҲý
ôһ룬˿
Ȼָżһʡ
ղ׳ŵ£Ȼô϶ǹģ
ŹȻڹ
߷ߵţץ̴˿
˾͸ûץƵģֱӾͻˣ
ԪһϽԱ߶㿪
˭֪ͻȻһ
ź֪ط֣ץӾǰϵģ
ʱӳţͶ㲻
ۿԽԽԪŵôУʲôͣ¡
Ȼո˵ҲһŲԴϣñӶˣ
Ԫʹòҽһ˭֪ϵͻȻһɣ̱ߵõ˵ϣˤ˸ƨס
ͬʱأһ񣺡˴ˣû°ɣ
Ԫ
ڷǳ£
ģû۾ûµ
Ϊ֪϶ǹģ
Ǹ˵
û¡Ԫݺҧҧͼλ׳ʿһѡ
׳һץסһ
Ԫ˲䱻ȻΪ̫ͳǰ˹ȥ
͵ض㿪
ǹԪֱ˵ڵأҪҧһࡣ
ʹᶼˣòײŴӵ
˿ǱӣЩɵץץͷ˴ˣôˤˣ
Ԫ
ʵÿã
˵Ϊʲôˤϣ
ʱһץӻ˧úܣ˲ѹԪݺݱȥ
Ԫޡһµණ˺һ˵ͼݣﱾٰӽ⿪
һܿ쳯˹⿪ϵӡ
ΪӰ̫ԪֱһŰӽ⿪
ӽ⿪˲䣬˿Լڻ˹
ʱͻȻѵ飬ҵʲô𣿡
ϴĹԪ͵ػʶߣ˵Եȣȿ˵
˵꣬ڶϸ
ȻԽǼ飬ľԽ³
̫ªˣ
һڵģڵûִܲ٣ûϸĥ
ĵطʲôң
Ԫĵذ߶һ顣
ĳû䵶ֲֻͣûѰҿܵİҡ
ȻһȦֶʹˣʲôû֡
Լû˵ģ͸Ƶġ
ʱٴδѵ飬ûҵ𣿡
ε̫ãȻѾȵòͷˡ
Ԫʵûʲôֻ֣ȥˡ
ֻȥʱһ
ΪڲҪȥֻӰϣȻ˰ȥ
ܲҸ׳ȥɣ
ҪҪˣ
ǹԪֱһأ˳˶ߡ
ȥʱ˫Ȼģһ²վȡ
źλүڣв˿ţԪ¶һֱޱظ˶ӡ
װղʲôûз
˭֪һŤŤñӣֱӾЦ˳飬ôˣô·ˣñҲģ
Ԫһʶñӡ
ʵʱѾˣñˣҲġ
ôҲ
ǽ⿪
ͷ
ֻ˷
뵽ѾȻô֣ôǳ͢سѾȻ˵泰Ц
ԪɫЩࡣ
ʱ˵ĪҪ⣬ܲ⳰ЦֻЦһС̼ͻЦ̲ס
æͷԶԶԣûгЦ飬ֻǱﲻס
Ԫ
-

248 

Ԫɫ࣬ƫƫҷŭֻǿŭҧгݵʵȻѾ꣬ǲǸ빬ʾ£
ûֱ˵ѶȫϾƬĵѾʹ͸ս
ڳĶսС
ź̶ǺöԸģֱҪѶᵽȥźͳ̿϶Ź
ԹԪô˵
⻰˵ȥʾۣʵϣţѶȥ
ŲɵȻ˹Ԫ֮
Ƴ˹ԪһۣͻȻʵѵҪ⸱ģȥ£
Ԫɫһ漴ЦֻǾã¹ش󣬶ЩɣӦ£¶ᡣ²˵飬ԻǼ빬Ϊá
ߣοǱźݺݿһأôǱñ֪
ζؿһۣ乴𴽽ǣô˵鵹Ǹ뵽һȥˡȻˣǾһɡλ¾أ
̵˵ͷȷӦþʡ
ԪҲ̫Щ
ƬĵѾ͸սȻҲҶ˼
ӹ̫ˡ
һ˺ܿ˹еҲ͵˹
ΪӲ٣ͷĶֳǰɽͻ˲ʱ䡣
ǰӰȥʣµҲϡ
ΨǸغδ򿪣֪ͷװĵʲô
һеЩ鱦ֵѾﵽᣬͷǿĶռ˺ܴһʡ
Գһ˵ͳӣѺˡ
褾ͷ
һ͵ϢֻǿôӵʱǺݺˡ
ôҲû뵽һЦĺ֣ȻҳôĽ鱦
Ϊʱ̫ŵ˻ûѾϢ
Ҳֻ֪ɽڳ˺ܶӣװŽ鱦ɾֵΣҲ̫
֮鸴Ӽˡ
̲סߵ̧ͷ죬ɽ̫߳ˡ
ôأ
ôһƬֵĻɽȻܹڳر
Ҫ˵㶫ͰˣȻôĽ鱦
ô˭Ű
ζûôŵġ
뵽Щԣ۵ıЩһѾ
ô£Щŵˣ¸ˡ
ֻһ뵽ƬʵѾ͸ս۵͸ˡ
Ѿ԰ƬɽϴθսҪЩ
۶ʱ
ͬʱɽڳصϢѾ˳ƵĴ÷ɿ죬ǵ˶֪ˡ
û취ģ䣬ûʲôĿ
û¸ɣȻְϢ⡣
ؽ˻ɽѰţע˱Ͷࡣ
ҵ˲رܲע
رǰɽѰѾϰٸˡȲر֣˷ֲرǸ˶ȫ˳ȥ
ɽֲرϢô˳ȥ
֡
֮ϢԽԽ㣬ֵҲԽԽࡣ
ЩֵȻûɽ֪ڵʲôöɽʱôӸûأΧȫģ
ѺͶʱЩ˻ԶԶںͷ֡
ͣЩûҸ̫ԶԶظںͷ
ֵԽԽ࣬ɽڳʮϢܿµš
ôˣϢصס
ܿ죬ȫ֪ˡ
̫Ӻ̫ҲϢ
̫ӵõϢʱղ¸о¡
ǰ̫Ӹֱ飬̫Ӵ˺òױһЩڹ׸۵ȴ⡣
Ѫ˳̵ｭɽͼŵǧۺݺݱȥ
Թ̫֮Ӿٴæ˱£Ŭһѣ̡
˭ָ֪ô飡
֪ڻɽڳ˼ʮӣͷװĶǽ鱦ֱ̫Ӿɵˡ
̱ϣôҲϢġ
һӰҲɵۡ
ǰϢ˵Ƭɽڵ˲ر
ǶţŸĹ
ڣȻڳ˼ʮӡ
¾ͲŸɵģ
Ҫ˵͵͵˵㶫ȥɽôҵرͷ⻹пܡ
ôӣصס
ƬĵؿǣڳǣҪȥǵطҪһŵģ
ôӣҪ˳ȥ̫ˡ
ųͨı²Űõ
ԣƬɽϻڳ˼ʮӣ
ô
Ԫôµģ
һʱ䣬۷׷ףﶼòС
ʮӰͷҪǽ鱦ǵװ٣
뵽̫ȥ֡
-

249 ̫˼

̫е㲻˼ȥ
ϾƬĵѾʹ͸սͷڳҲ̫ûʲôϵ
ҪǰͰ͵ȥˣҲ֪϶Ҫ
Ҳܺ棬һ̫ӻǾȥô¡
һ̫͵Ϣ
ů紺Ĺ̫ڹϣЦ
Ȼڳ˲رǺã̫뵽ս
ֻûã𴽽ǣЦϧôĸû
ڳ˱Σ
ǵùԹ͵
Աߣһ̫ذȡ
Դ̫ŵö̥˫ȾͿʼס
˫һֱӵСȡ
ǵģܲ
ÿ춼˰ȰĦ
ֲ£˭ġ
ʱ̫̫࣬ĸ֮һΪϲ
սˮز̫˳빬ά˼ʮԣĸȥռҾ档
˱ϲ
̫ԴӻУͶԶһ̥⿴أԵõȫҪϸ飬ƽʱźߵҲĸ
ĸģ˿̫
¶ԷС̫
ϲһֱ̫ź򣬶˼ʮ˽⣬ԱЦ˵ɲôĸҲֻе
˵ʲôأĸء̫ӣһѣϴڵ̫ڣᴫ
˵Цøӵ⣺ڳ˱Σ󻹲ˮһգ
ɼ˵עģϵҰôQҲû֦ͷ˵
ϲƨ˵ļǣǻС̫ķЩҰܱȵģ
Ȼ˵ⷬͲظֳսģ
ǰչϣͿˣսʱν޹ȺǾԾҫ۵úܣΧеȫ˰ı
һۿȥ۾ֻܿ޶ĿӰ
̫ƷߣųŷڣüΪĿ
Ȼ˱̫ͷ侹Ȼȫײ͵׸
ɫǾĺˣҲҪİɣ
ҪȵĻսǱȽ̫Ƿˡ
ϲ͵͵ţҪĻɲ˵
𽵹ǱĻЦˣȻ˵ֱ֪ġ
ϲͷøģⶼū澸ġ
ᣬü˳ýԽ⡣
ؿϣʹϲݣϵЦԽã֪ǸرֵģֻҪź˱ٲĺô
˶٣ֽ˵ȱˣȥЩﶼװʲôö
ϲһ٣һ񣺡ū
ȥ
ȥ󣬽ֳĸŮ֣Ű
˵꣬ͻȻζЦЦ
һȡģʱսûдͻ
ˡ
ս˳ۣĸŮ˳۵úܡ
ϲģź
ܿС鲽˹ڽ̤ϣｭ𽰴Ħ
Ӹµؿһ˫һЩͻȻ˵úܣﱾůŰɡ
ū
һ̹ɵؽ⿪£ȻѵЬӣ˫űڻůš
ԭůſů¯ů¯̫Ļ̫С̫ůš
֪˼ȴҲӦֻܹԹź
ҲԼС˼̫ӣһŮ̫ĸ֪ܡ
һֻ̫·һ
Թ԰̫źˡ
ֻҪ̫ˣƽС̫ѵĺô
ڰ̫ůţС̫Ҳǹһ
ʱʹͿ϶ٲˡ
˵ףȡúá
̫ǵ˼࿴
뵽΢΢𴽽ǣЦЩ
λǴ˷ͷϧ̫󣬸ܲס
ڳ˱أҲùԹԵ׸¡
ôţ̲ס˵Ҳ֪ЩǲкöкõģС̫й˵׼ᷢʹ͡ʱū澿ɵúúƣմմºС̫Ĺ⡣
һ⻰˼
С̫ݣʹ͵Ŀ϶Ǻö
ǲ֪Щﵽװʲô
Ҫʲôõģ˵Ļᷢʹ͡
ʱսɫ϶ܺÿ
ԣѾͽ˹ս϶˵Ϣ֪ʲôء
-

250 콵

̫Ӵ˸ϵʱһҲյ
һڿذԭտ˲ӵ
𾪵ؿһӣЩɵۡ
Ȼмʮӣ
װɫӣʵ˭˵˵⵽ô£
Ԫͦţ㿪ڡ
ʱͻȻ˵̫Ӻͼ
Ԫûüڡ
ƳһۣԶԶͿ̫Բͣһ
Ƕ
ôվͷʲôӣ
̵̫˽Щš
Ҳ߿Щκ˫ʵǲ
ҪǲСˤˣǲŶˡ
ۿ̵ٶȣĬĬŸ̫Ӵ
̫Сϣʱȫˣ̲ס˿
ȻͲؿЩӡ
ӻû򿪣Կװʲô
⿴ͺܾˡ
ֻҪɵܲµװĿ϶Ǻö
Ȼôõǰ
̫ȻɵӺ棺Щװĵʲô
ʱͻȻЦһ绹ϢͨҺͶŸս͵ˡ
⻰еҩ˼̫סڶϢôͨǼ˼
һ̲õص˳һۡ
ʮ꣬ʮ긻ǿʱ
ǰˣ˼̫˵㡣
ֻǵ⳼棬Ҳֱӽѵӣʵ˵˵Щô£
˶٣ֲհ䣬˵
ҳģѺͽ˹˵˴󹦡
ȻҪһӣԼ˵
װûԪǸҪԵģֱӵš
վ˵£֮ǰӹȥҲִ˲ãֹͣѰ
ֻѾ˽ǮȥĵѰ󣬳ܲԶţǶϳȥ
˭֪ջؼûãɳȥĹͻȻ˵ɽҵһر
Ϲȥ󣬹ȻиͷвӣһЩѾ˳
ʱǶ˶ûҴӡ
ºͽѶ뿴澿ʲôŴӡ
˭֪װľȻǽ鱦ĿС
ʱҲڣæ¼
󣬹ô¸ϵش龡빬㲻ҵ飬λүæѺͣ˵˹
ǶҳӶδã¶ᡣ
۵˵ͷŵʶʱǳ⡣
ؿЩӣ򿪿
˳ʣ
˵Ҳۿڣ԰һӴ򿪡
ĬĬ׼ⲻܿʲôҲҪװƵӡ
Ȼһ򿪣
ǵļСӴ򿪵ʱ
˵ĺöʵ١
ǰӹǰʹʱȥתƹģ
үҲ챦
ˣǿƲסԼ
Щ飬ʵ̫Өˣ·ҫӨӨ⣬Ưüֱ
ⶫ٣Ҳ֪ë
ǺÿǹһЩ£ͻð޹⣬ơ
ԲƵ˵
Щ飬ͷɫر𣬾Ҳʮҫ
Ƿ˼ʮĶ
¾ɣ̲סʵЩ飿
䣬Ԫ˵£ѾϸˣЩȷ飬ҵ֮еľƷ
ֻм鳼ú֣鵽һ޾ͻðʱ䳤ɷĩ
ЩӨ쳣ŵ顣ǣװӿʮֹϣʵڹŹ֡
ҲùŹ֣ô˵ǾЩصúܡ
ʱͻȻ˵ʲôֵģǱ飬Ըð޹⡣
춨Ǿøһش´εףʵٴ󱦡
⻰֪ںҲðݡ
ʵڹŹ֣ӨĿ˵ȴֲ˾첻ϲ콵𣬻ҲĽ͡
Ƭĵڻʱôûҳأ
Ŵ͸սû죬ҳˣ
뵽ԪЩơ
ôӣȻŸĹ
Ҳ˵ŻûͣҲòô鱦
ⶫ϶һǶġ
ǰ϶֪ײ
ϾսͿزʱ⣬ĵػǹԪѡģ
ԪǳţʻҪǮԪҪ
Ҫ֪ǵطô鱦һֱţ
Կ϶ɺϣ̫Щ
ѲɣսǸдģ
Ȼôĵظոմ͸ڳˣ
-

251 ̻

ԽԽãսǸдġ
ǰǧıλĵش͸ûãҵ˲ر
ǵطڹԪʱ򣬹ԪǸʲôû֣
á
ôһ룬Ԫͱ
Ԫز񲻶Ծһ˲
ʱͻȻվ˳֪ʴδЩ
Ԫһ⻰Ȳ˳Ȼù⣡
˵ͺˣûôֱӾ˵ˣ
ԪСؿۣȻ۵ɫЩ
˲俩һЩ
۾ؿһۣʳ̣أ
Ȼ׼Ա˵ʣΪƬĵؼȻ͸ϣǻĵжС
ԪĵȻ⻰ͼˣ£ԲӡƬĵȻ͸ϣЩƱ޴Դȫϣʵ̫ʣ⣬ɻᣬԴԵȡ
תͷͻȻЦһˣƬĵػΪԵʣʲŻὫ͸ϡҳ˲ƱȲҪΪУҲЦ𣿡
ԪɫǺ죬˺һԴǵ˵ڱ£ڳ̰͢кξ壿
Цһǿ˵ʣԴӴ֮նº󣬾۷׷ףҥϡ
´󹦣ȴ⣬ʵڲáߣƬĵѾ͸ϣڳĶ
Զ飬ɸּЩƱͻϡһܹҥԣҲԸʵĿݴȣΪѻ
Ԫٴμˣ£򲻿ɣЩƱ޴󣬴͸һŮӣʵ̫ʣ
ȴ˵鿴ˣȻֻһŮӣȴѾͻ˱һѾ£Ҫͱ顣
ЩƱ͸ҲֻΪļױô˵ǶԱʲô
ԪȻҳЦˣԵ¾޲ֻǳΪ飬ٷϴˣҪЩƱ
ЦЩƱƬĵ꣬񲻹ãǵؼաˣڻڵ¡
ѲûЩƱòǮ𣿾ݱ֪ȥճɲ˵Ӧʮֳʵ
ôŹ꣬ͿˣѲɣȥЩˣ
Ԫϣ
ŵɫһףò˵ʵ˵Цˣһľңб˽ңȻڹ⡣
Ȼڣֺα˵ʲô飿Ϊ̫˶󣬰ЩǮ˿йˡ
̲˵ЩƱȻ٣ǸټĹʲô
Ԫûҽӻ
ࡣ
ȥճǲЩֲȫϽ˹⣬š
عٸĸⶼһ֣ʣµĲŻύ
̰ۣǹٸҪܵҪ
ҸعٸҪȻҪֻģȥĶʳðգ
ܵȻ٣ʵûôࡣ
˵
ûԪſɬĵ̾˿
ǰ̫ӵʱ;öԲס̡
̵δ޽˿޵
̫ӶкˣҲ״ˣڴ
ò˸иսӻɽͷڳ˲ƱԪ϶ǣѹֳô
ЩƱȷʵ٣Ҳȷʵ㲻ʲô
ۺܿ⣺˵ûƬĵؼȻ͸ѾͷЩƱġּЩƱͻ
Ц
ܿ˵һ䱦̫أһ䶫ʹս׸ˡ
Ҳվ̬˵Ҳ˼
ǣһ䣬ȫͻս
ϡǹ۵˽⡣
ҲûȫգͱʾҪв䱦սڡ
˵ǽԴϲ
ΨйԪﲻͣѪʹڵҪ
ѾּʹҲվԡ
ֻؿųԴŸӣ緢ؽЩƱѺͻ

ϲ̽Ϣľȥ̫
̫ڹϣЦݵ⡣
֪ϲˣɫһϲ˵
ϲͷС鲽첽˽
̫ʵ˵˵ʲôˣ
-

252 

ϲֱӹ˵ϣͷȥɫ£ЩװŴ鱦лвϡ䡣
ŶȻôöЩȣ漴ŭԪôµģɽ˱Ȼ֪ͱսǸˡ
ϲ⻰಻ݺݴ˸¡
̫սƺⲻ֪°ЩƱͻս֪ʲô
ȥһȦʹϢ˵ʹˣ̫ݺ𷣶Ǻõġ
ϲڵϣɫԽԽࡣ
Ϊ̫У˺̺ӣ˵
ڵϵûôܣ뵽ЩϢϲһ󷢿ࡣ
ûֱ˵°̫ô
˵𽻹ǺܿķӦ̫Ծ
ϲûϲѲɡ
һʵЩƱأôõģ
ϲҧҧҪڣ̫ͻȻ˽
ƳϲһۣЩȣôˣ
ʱЩ飬Ͻ˫Ŵ˻͵ողСķ˸Ҷû뷣˭֪Լ͹ˡ
˵ضϲ˵ɣ´СЩٷˡ
ϲɴ⣬Ͻл˶ӵ˳ȥ̫ӿʲô
Ҳ̫ӷ֣ϲ˳ȥʱʵôͻȻˣ
ѵˣ
⻰̫ӣ˲λԭ
ʽ𽣺ǲиĹŮ
һʶ۹ڽ̤ϵ̽ʵΪôʣ
ѲɣС˾Ȼ죬̫ӣ
̫⵽ոյɫ΢΢һĸְɣֲʣȥҲ
ʶץµƤӣЩӲ¾ãﲻʣ
̫üͷһ壬ɫҲ׳ѵ֪ϵĹои֣˵иĹŮܲˡ
ˣЩҲ̫ԵЩ
Ե̫ӵüͷøӣǲָˣҪ˶þܿʬ壡ʱٸϵѾȡΪ𽣬ɾͶˣ
˲ɫЩŵʣҺôĴɩڻУĸ˴治𣿡
ǴһŮѾȡֶѣʲô治
̫ӵüͷԽԽɫҲԽԽѿˡ
ǰһֱ̫Ŵȣȴû뵽Ȼһֶ˽ƽϡ
Ϊ˱ӣƽʱ̫źĹŮǺġ
Ҫǽߵʱһ죬֪̫߾ȻиĹŮ
ƢãҪǲѾͷʬ͸Ͻָˣ
̫˵ҲòƽʱôһֱΪǸʶģôϴͻôãҲûָĹ
пԣֻܱؾµƤӡ
ʵ˵սŹû֣
ֻܵͷϴǳˣ¸ɴ෣檰ɣǧӡ
˶٣ֶ˵Ժб̺۰ɡ
̰ݵ˳˵̺л´
ؼЦͻȻŶüͷܵؽһ
̫Ӽ״̽ŵߵߣ𽣬ôˣǶӲ𣿡
̧سЦЦɫȴЩҰףûʲôֳˡ
̫˵ôôԣһҪúýѵ
æס֣ĪգҲǹġ˵СڶʱԽǻãԽϲڡ
̫һˣᶮЩȻص˵ͷԭҪһֱôڣǻܣ
΢΢ͷЦһ᣺޷ֻҪúõģ檾ٶĿҲĸԸܹ޸£Ϊǳ檵ĸ֡
̫⻰ʱжѣ̲סץŽ˵𽣬ˡҼǵϲ飬ѰЩƯΡ
һߺ죬ЦһҸܿʵأʵڲƷѡóİ
ûϵһЩζѣ㲻ʲôô࣬ǲЩΪķ
̫Ӷ˶٣ֽ˵˵ǰʴ͸ϵƬɽͷڳ˺ܶӣͷװƱһϡ䡣
ЩƱ̫齫ǹ⣬ûӦ鸸ʽǴͻϡ
˲侪ʲô
-

253 

̫ӲؿŽ𽣬ÿıЩŤٴüͷЩɵʣΪ˼
𽽩ӲؼһĨЦ檾̫ˣû뵽̵ֻɽͷϣȻڳϡ
˶٣ֺʣʿɴӦ˶ܵҪ󣿡
ôȡֵҪӦûܾɣ
ڴţȴػǰϲǹŹֵķӦһĲ˳
ʱ̫˵ʵȻӦˣһϡ׸˸ʣҲ˼
⻰ٴμؾʲôȻӦˣ
˵͵طӦʣµﻹ˵
Ŭ¿ʣµĻΪ̫ٴαŤ
ȴ˲ЩǷɿ첹ȵ檡檵˼ǣҲ̫ˣô䱦ȻȫͻϡӦúܸ˰ɣ
ߣŵĵӵǴ󣬾Ȼĸգ
ʮĽ鱦ǶĿ
ҲĴ󣬾ȻҰô䱦ʹ͸սͲŵҰ
ʹеĲȫ۵ףеŭȴڲϷ
ûֱӰĻ˵ţ̫룬ǽ͵ǸˣЩ䱦̫أǲյġ
һϲڴʣѵܾˣ
⵹ǣ̫ӲؿһۣıЩ֣ϺͶܵĻѾ£¸¡ʱӦûЩ䱦ȫϵļױϴ
⻰ǵڴ˲ʵץƤӣЩʵʵô䱦ױĻοҪͷˡ

̫޸̫ӵʱļױҲһٶʮ̧
ô䱦ҪսļױҪսԽͷȥˣ
ǳɩ̫бñȥĵ
δ̫ƫˣ
ļʲѣȴ̫ӿ
̫ѹû֣һͬص˵ͷҲǿǵͶǰ飬Է׷ףĲ
ټƬĵرѾ͸Щ䱦ȥҪ˵л
ŰЩȫͻϣΨ䶫ʵ̫أʲ
ͷкüɫ飬ԲӨޱȣСĶ۴
ѾԸҪķɫϴڣԶҲиˡ
˲ָ߬Цһǿǿ̫ˡ
˭֪һСģָյֱָ̫ӷ˹ȥʹ˲Ť

ҽһʶּ̧
ȴͻȻ̫ӣŵϽ˵ֲ
̫ӹеؿôˣ
𽲻ֻ֣ƴװµӣûû£Īġ
˭֪˵;öԽԽۡ
˲ɵۡ
ոչװۣ̫ϧ
˭֪ӾȻ
ô
ʱˣ̫ӿȻԽԽۣ¶ʹģס
̫Ӻܿ˲ԾĵؿŽ𽣺𽣬㵽ôˣǲǶˣ
˵ǣɫȴԽԽףʹð亹
ʵͲסܿʹزҽ
̫Ӽ׻񣺡̫ҽ촫̫ҽ
ס֣˵ãǸԽԽҵʹҲ׻ֻŹ˷ɱȥ̫ҽ
̥̫ҽڶܿ˹
һ̫ҽԺŸ
Ȼ֮˵ɫѿ
̫Ӽ״˲ַǳõԤС
λ̫ҽȻѾɿ̫ô£Ǻӳˣ
˶һۣһϵĲòվ˳̫ӵ£̫ḁֶ̇̄ˡ̫¶̥Ĵ̫ƵϴξЩգǡ
̫⻰ʱŵɫˡ
͵һ£Ҫȥñۼطסˡ
˶񣬺ܿ켤˵ǹµĵһӣ²ʲô취뱣ס̫ĺӣ
̫ҽԣĵ̾˿̫ЩԹ
ôҲ벻ף̫ôǶ̥
˵̫Ƿ绪ïͣ˵ǵһ̥ɾա
ţƽʱʲôеźôܱ̼Ƶ̥
˭ܸܣ
һϸ룬̫ζ̥ʱ䣬˵Ķһ
ˣǺʲô˲õܣ
һֱ˵̫Ŵȵ
ôô
뵽㲻ٽ롣
ֻǲԼͬش⡣
̫̥¾ţø߱£
-

254 ̫Ŀ

̫ҽȲذｭ𽱣̥
ﻳŵĿ̫ӵһӣŮʮҪԲκʧ
ȻĻ˵̫ӲŹǣҲԲǣ
˿˵ʹ˻Ľｭ𽱣̥
ģǹҩ
ǽĺӱ
һ˶۵ͷ󺹡
̫һֱԱߣȵøżôӱס𣿡
Ϊ׵̫ҽվ˵̫ӵ£Ҳ㱣ס̫¸е̥
̫˿Ӳͣס˾ͺñס˾ͺãˣ̫ôˣû°ɣ
̫ҽһۣĬһΪ׵̫ҽվԭء
̫ҽ˵ȻϷ
ðҧȴҵ̫ӵ淢ֻܱصظ̫ӿա
ݵ˵һΣܽ˼ǣ
̫λ̫ζ̥ѾЩˡ̫ҽȻס̫еĺӣ̫ĸӵա
Ժ̫ҪԴܱסӡ
Ҫ̫ٶ̥̫ҽ졣ҾȻ̫ĺӣҲ첻
̫ҽ˵ⷬʱʮСģÿ仰ã̫Ӷŭ
˵Ļϸ̫ĸ˳㻹ѹ˦̫
ﻰⶼ˵̫λ̫˴̼Żᶯ̥Щ̫ҽûϵ
Ͼֻǳ̫ܲҩֶ̫ڻУ˵̫еĺӲ̫Ҫ
̫ҪҲΪҪ뺢Ӻã̫ܹסԼٶ̥
̫ӴСʫ飬̫ҽݵ䣬˵ˡ
һ˲䣬;е㷢ա
𽼸ζ̥ȻΪλ̫˴̼
´ȥ̫ӶŶ
Ȼûã̫Ӿ;ЩԾ
ᣬƢܺãĹ˶𷣣ôܸλ̫̼ö̥
֪ǣΪҪŴȣܶʱҷֻܱ
λԽԽ
Ůӻкͻ䣬жɣҺ׷Ƣ
𽱾Ͳʲôӵˣ־ս̼ĸλܲ
̫Ҳɵӣһ룬Ͳµǲ濴ôݴȡ
ô죿
ѾȢ˽𽣬ҽڻĺӡСЩҲ㲻ʲô
ѵܰ˷ô
̫Ӱ̾˿˵¹Ѿˣλ̫ҽ֪̫࣬ʱܹѣ
̫ҽŤͷˣȫͷ˲վشֻüҧ˵̫գҪú˯һָ΢ƣ̫¿Ҫղѹ
̫Ӱ˰֣֪ˣȳȥɡ
ɴ⣬˳ȥ΢ˡ
̫ӿȲ˳ȥģüͷֺܲõԤС
ͻȻʶεǺֹܲۡ
ôͻȻ̼ö̥
ýָˣȻ˵Щڳ䱦
ˣ𽵱ʱƺʮЩƱϵļױѵΪ
£ֵô󶯸λ
ƬĵرѾ͸ϣڳĶ˵ǸùС
ֻЩƱ̫࣬ͽ˹׸ʡ
ɶȻǻϵġ
ҲδŵӣЩƱͻϣȵ¸ΪױҲͳ˶ܵĶ
ȻỤš
Ϊ飬бҪ̥ĳ̶
Ѳɣô⣿
̫뵽üͷԽԽ
ɽڻУҲ˵ʲôػ
⣬ȻЩƯҲһ׷ڡ
ôŵʱʶǰÿЩ䡣
Ǻ鵹Ө⻬ǳ
Ȼ̫˼ȥȴôҲڡ
ЩϾǴϵĵطڳģ׸ۣҲûȥۿڡ
̫ӾҪǸҿڣۿ϶
ȳ֪ˣ˵ֵ
гǸʡĵĶ㲻ҲҪºݺݳ
Իˣʵڶ
̫뵽̾˿
ʱϲͻȻҴ˽ŵعǰ̫ӵ£²ˣ
̫һʲôˣ
ϲŵ˵̫ӵ£̫ҽոճ˶ūţķȥˣ
̫ɫһ䣺ȥʲôѵΪζ̥
-

255 ϲ

ϲͷøͣū澵ģǱ¹
̫뵽ӣཱུ͵ش˸¡
ϴν𽶯̥;ۣνֶ̥Ҫ֪ˣ϶
̫ӿʼԥҪҪȥ
ԥһַˣǱߵּ⡣
Ȼûã۾ȥ
̫ӵݺһȴòȥ
һ·ĵ߽ʱĸζڴ
һȥ¹򣺡ߵʡ
ۼҡҡλεģʱ۾
ˣˣ˵
̫ԥһ£ʵˡͣҪܲˡ
۳ʵ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
̫Ӵ˸£СʣΪ϶̥
ߣͻȻһԴӽϻУ޾԰̫ҽСźš
㿴˼̥ˣ̫˵˵⵽ô£
˵Ǹλ̫һܴ̼׶̥޵ǲ֪ڹʲô̼
̫һ⻰һľͳ׳ȥ
֪ۼȻô˵϶ǲµΪսŶ̥
սûȥôζһֱڹעŹϢ˵խݲˡ
Щڽ˵ѾǴش
ǽݲˣ̫Ͳϸ
ϸ룬̫ݲսã̫أǲҲݲܵܣ
̫ԽԽ£˶ֱӴϻȥڵأ
֪۵˶٣ֻͷϷ·һѵҲס
ˡϡϾͻСǳλУЩţǵ£ľԱλ̫ҲԵʣǡǡ
ۿʲô
̫Ӵ˸£ȴòػľ˵ϡȻЩСӣţǹġ
̫ҽҲ˵Ůӻеʱܲô̼ԶãȺϾͻ
һۣ˵ĸʱڣҲû󶯸λݲˣ
̫ί
ˣ
ڵķ˵ܵܣ
ĸ˵ˣڶʱɹԵúܣ
ûֹ
ûԵı
ߣ
Ůӣ޲˵ֻĸúùܹˡ
һû˵շΪ̫ûãĺҪиһο㣿
̫ɫһס
ȴڽ˵⺢첻㣬ಡָΣ
һ̥ҪŮãǸкǾĵճӣ㶼ûУ
̫ӵɫס
Ȼģֻûôࡣ
ڿµȷʵء
ǽӵ飬ǳ
ۿعǶ̾˿ˣȥɣԺôϣԼи
̫ӸϽ˵ףлʽ̻壬͸ˡ
˵꣬վ˳ȥ
ߺ۲üͷҲЩء
һֱΪǸõģ˭֪˽¾Ȼӡ
ϴδ̥˵Ǳ׸ŵģأ
ǰЩͻѾͷϾȻö̥Ժأ
ż޸ϴãѾôݲ϶ϱԺµճӣλӣǸӲ
ϴϦԣӰ죬ԺҲݲ϶
뵽ֿܣ۵˲ɱȻ
ˣϾͲˣ

ƶ
ɽڳʮƱϢʹ˾ǣܶһ·ۿŶͽ˹
˭֪ûãЩִӹ˳
һĻ˶𾪼ˣһ쳤˲ӿеĻ͵͵˺ͷҪЩҪ˵ʲôط
˭֪ţߵͷ
ŸȫȵؿǼʮĲƱȻȫ
Ǽ˼
ѲɣЩƱȫĶ
˵ƬĵѾʹ͸սڳĲƱҲ
ǣЩƱҲ̫˵ɣ
¾Ȼһ㶼Ķȫʹ͸
Ҳ̫ˣ
Ϣִܿ˿
̺ܳŶû⡣
˭ҲûͷЩˣֱӽ
һأе߶ͷ
ſų̣˽ʵЩ̫ˡ
ˣϾҡ
ô£ôҲŽˣ
Ȼ뵽ǰ˵ôҲӲţڸ˵¡
ֻܱʣ¿ʲôԸ
-

256 Ҫ

΢΢̧°ͣģЩţ֪Ƿֲرˣүʹˣ
һ㶣ܿ췴Ӧ˹͵Ѿʹˣ˴ãߵǶʱÿһöžɵͭ壬Щ֣ڣ˺Щͭ
ڵʱ򣬷һţŹ֣͸˵ˣ˰ǽڿŷͷȻиر
ԭЦһͻȻʵأ
ѿ˵ӦѾǮȥˣҼ󣬾ù¸һӵǮؼҡүҪʣɸȥ
һ˵һߴų̣Ϊܾ
Ͼ̫鷳ˡ
ֻǸֲرСѣҪ̫⣿
ȴ˵Ǿͺүˡ
Ҫˡ
Σֻùܼȥ֪ͨ£˰ֲر
ȥֶԳ˵˲סߣҪЩʱүȥ
ֱ̾Ӿܾˣأұʱ䣬ȥԺˡ
Դ󾪣ʶ˳ǰ棺ү֮Ѿ£ȥǲ̫
ǵģûͽ𱦶ˣܽе
ջǵģ޲ðѳȥ
˭̵֪Ƥͦ񣬾ȻԲѵ˵޷У챣ӣ᲻οűǸиġ
ţ
Щ𾪵ؿų̣޳ܸˡ
رǲѾǰͷδޣ
ˣȻ˵ԼϲԱӣƤҲ̫ˣ
Ҫұڷͷˣ
̾ȻҸ˵Լ챣ӣ
ŻѾƹԺķߡ
ǹ˼ų̵ݣ׻ǰߵĻ˻ȥ
սͳ̵ĻڶѾˣѾǰ϶ûиĵĿܡ
Ҫ˳̣˵Ժ۸ұô죿
ұǸεεĹңǳײа裬ɱ˲գ۵˵Ķ֣
ŲҲó̾ôȥսֻúȥ
Ҫ˵ұ˵Щʲô
ҪǸ˵Щ߰ģɲ
֪ںͷɫЩѿ
սҪˣбҪôŲ
̫ˡ
ߣȥ븸ʣҵ
϶һ쵽û¾֪
˺ܿ쵽˾Ժ
Ժƽüɫظսԡ
ƽ˷ܵ˵ȥɣЩƱɶˣüʮأ
սȴɺʲôÿģЩ鱦𣿡
ͿˣռﻹоأЩ鱦ʲôÿģ
뵽Ǿս̲סЦ
˵ܺӾǷѵĴһپͺˡ
ҪһٻУǾͶ򼸶١
Ƕѽ
ֵأׯں߲˽ˮˡ
ǳԵö˵㡣
뵽ʳսЩͷۡ
˵ǲ飬ҪʳֻҪˡ
ǾҲ֪Ǳڵ̫ãʳǿҵִǴʹȻ
һҪԶ
ƫƫӵ˿ռͷһҹʳˮζ
ǴԺǾͳ˳׵׵ĳԻ첻ҪʳҪ㡣
ͰˣĵǣǾȻҪԸֱʯ˵ϲʳ
˵ˣ
ֱˡ
ʯǶѽ
Ҫι
ǳ˿㣬ԺǾҲϳˡ
ȻĻǳ㶼ҪԹˣ
⼸죬һֱæŴռ飬æýͷöˣﻹйȥЩ˻Ľ鱦
һѾ˹ʣµĲЩˡ
Ҳں
鱦ʲôģռﻹкܶ࣬ӵʯϡ
ǿĶһûϡ
ܹôɴذѶ͸Щ⡣
ԭţ˻һͲˡ
˭֪Ȼô󷽡
Գӵϲ
սпţͿɰҴ˽¸үˡ
ǾȻˣսһ£ܿʶǳҪѲģŸ˹
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҳû̫ϡ
̺ˣܰզأ
սֻһۣȷϵ·ûʲô׺󣬾˳ȥ
ȥʱ򣬸ɾͿͻȻǰ嵲˳ǰͷЦˣôˣ
-

257 Ӧ

Ҫڣ˭֪ĳͻȻ˳վԱߡ
оķ磬Ťͷ̿ȥȴÿս΢Ц
˲ˡ
˵Ȼҵ湴Ů
͵سɫĥŰսϻطȥ
뻹ûڣ̾Ц˵ҪȥЩ鱦
սЩȵؿ˵ɱ飬ȻҲЦ
Ȼò˵ͳÿ˫һЦǱȴɫҪˡ
̲סЦΪ˴ŮȥЩ鱦𣿡
̵˵㣬ַϵʵһ»顣Ȼһ񲿸ţʲô뷨ҲԸ˵˵
ǾͲˣȻ񲿰ţģοŮ˵ѾЩ鱦ʹ͸˳ŮױôױѾۺ죬ٸʲôǸۣ
ս˵̾˿ΪɽͲر£Ѿڷ˼⡣Ůãǵ͵Щúá
̾Ȼŵ˵Ǳ˭Ҳù˼ɡʲôҪģ˵һΣ㽫ͣ
սһ㶣漴־Ȼ̿ǳŰ裬ܹ˵ЩҲ
ʵǡŮϣһдӼ򣬿𣿡
γ̺žȻ˵Ȼԣ
˵һ£һۺ󣬳ĬĬ죬˵
űԴǵ˵ôô룿һеĴ£һдӼ򣿻֮նòִ٣Ѿ㱥ܷ飬ҪһдӼ˻ο㣿
˵꣬̾ͽ˵Ҳ˼ԲܴǰҪ¡Щźá
͵ʲô
ʹûе͵ʣ
ҪѾЩ鱦ͻսʱִ̫٣ø¡ص㡣
Ժôﵽսͷϣ
ǻѣȻ˲
ϴŵ̫ӰˣûǸλأ
ѵΪϴλѾ
⣬ܲ˵ء
Ҳսǰţ
ȻߵĹŮ֣
ΪڶͲ֪
뵽Ѿ˺ü̥̾ͳع˹Цñ䡣
սҪ飬ʱ̫ܳ£ȻĻ
սżźͳֻ̣
Ȼģﻹ
ֻҪ뵽̣;ͷ
ŴȼɭϣͬĵȼвͬĹ񣬲Խ
޸̾밴Ĺ񣬱ضǳ¡ء
Թǳ棬;ԼҪڻˡ
ոճҪʱŹôһ䡣
Ȼ̲ϴӦ
Ͼ񲻽ģҲǳԼġ
ҪǵһдӼ򣬲ڴҲڴ̵
ŰӣܴӦŹˡ
˭֪ŵķӦҲô
ˣźôɶô
¡ؾ¡ذɣһ졣
սϽ⣺ֻʱִ٣񲿵ü׼𣿡
赣ģԼල£Ǹҳӣ˵ǱǸҲǡ
ĵ˵˶ֲһ䣬ͷڶѾҹƣʽ컹һЩɫͱʯڡ
սû뵽۾ȻԿ˿ڣЩ⣺ԭˣñ·ˡ
̵غһҲӦõģϸѡĶϱ
սǺǣ⻰ڱǰ˵Ҳ㣡
סǵЦ⣬Ц˲ʵ»ʲôҪ˵𣿡
֮⣬ҪûеĻͿԹˡ
̿һ㶼
̰ؿս뵽Ҫ˶ãǾͻ飬һľ÷ɿ졣
Դǵ˵̫䣬һŮӣãǽȥ˵ɡ
ȥĻͿԶһ
սûӦͻȻؿһȣ¸ղŲ˵ǸֲرӦѾҵˣҪ˶þܸϹ
һЦΣѵھҪȥҪǵˣźˡ
ͻȻ֪˵ʲôã
ʱս̧ͷɫ󵭵һЦҪˣ»ĪҪ̫õúãȻҪˡ
Ҫꣿʶ̧ͷ죬ʱɫѾе㰵ˣϾ֮ǰڱ㶫ֽ˹˲ʱ䡣
ЩȵؿսϲƣΪξûꣿ
-

258 ̫

սЦԱŶŮµġǲţȻٿˡ
̿ϵЦȴЦСꡣ
𣿼ȻˣǱҪȵȿǲĻꡣ˵ͻȻǰһ뱾ȥ𣿡
սһȻܿ˵ˣɫ̫»ذɡ
˵顱һϷţôѳ̹ͷ
Щɵۣ
Ȼսͷ
СѾͷǵˣ
վһԣһĻҲǾˡ
Ϊսó̽ȥأ˭֪ĵӾȻô
ƾսݵͻȻãõᱻ۸ˡ
Ժ󵽵˭۸˭˵ء
ȻѿɫЩġ
ƺˣòŮݺݼһʣԺ󱨸ɣ
ϽȵүĪҪֻǵĵȻ꣬ү
Ȼ֪ͻȻЦƳһۣȻδţϾǱıҲӦõġ
˶٣˵ҲգȻ˵ģȻȥˡȻ˵ˣֱȥұǡ
˵ֳ꣬ս˵´㡣
սط˸ۡ
ǶҪˣ̸ʲô
±˵лأ
Уþ
ھ¸£ʱҪǴ򲻹ֻ̣ΪΪ
ս˵ʱ䣬Ůһֱڼбޣ֮ǰ»ĪҪˣл
⻰һţƽɰҲһ
սҲ̫˵ˣ
ǿɱ˲գ۵£
ô͸ô˵
һͻȻô죿
˭֪̺ܿ˵Ȼô˵Ǳ͵¸´֮ٺúÿ㡣
ƽɰ
Ϊʲôе㷢գ
ոǻʲô˼
̫˰ɣ
սЦŷ˵ûϵʱŮһõºúÿ
뿴ǰɣ
а
Ǿƺˣ
⣬սǷ̲סЦ
һԵȴˡ
ɲñŮûأȫ˳ͷϡ
ų̣ҧгݵ£ҪٲߣҪˡ
Ͻ㣡
ٸҺ˵˵ԣ
ΪүӾͲ㣡
Ͳ㰤ỹȥұ¸״
̲ϵɱƳһۣתߡ

ǲ£ǡҪǰŸˣսǻ
ѾͷƢɲС
ҪӣŹ֡
ôһ룬ԽԽ죬Ƶġ
ŽȻܿ𾪵ط֣ȻЩϳ̵ٶȣ
ҳϵϢҲЩŹ֡
˲֮ǰڻɽϣһͷһĻ
ʱѾ̵Ϣ̫Ծ˻ɡ
ٴθоͳȷˡ
һ;ϣǵѾһ˴˵е
뵽ŵ鲻Щء
ϰ俴츳Ͳû츳ͨϰֻ⹦ھ
Ҫǹ츳ûвҲУΪϰǳԻʳá
ⶼԲϣûУôϰ䣿
ԲŻĸ˵
ȥߴ˼ҳ飬ûѧ˳㻹׬롣
ȴС
һ̫󣬱óܣڶܼ䡣
Ȼ˾ͷˡ
츳ҲеǮԺھԸͨߴ´ࡣ
ȻֱڣҲû˵е
룬ᣬȻѾ
˵ʮ߾磬ժҶɻȡ
Ҳ̵֪ôġ
֪ۣҲûܸ
֡
ǰû̵֣ʲôʱģ
ܲɣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
̴ǰ棬ЦЩ⡣
ҲԼǳãսֱĸǡ
ˮ֮
˳ģ˿޵Ȼ˵е˳
ôõϱȻøϽȢؼҲܷġ
ڻѾ£¸ܰսȢؼˡ
̵ţ˭֪߳ûûüһűˮͺݺϡ
ţܼ
ɫһ䣬̶ͷ
ۣϲܼ㣬ɫһȥ
Ȼˣ
Ѿͷô֪ģ
ѵǿ󿴳ģ
ʲôʱⱾ£
˿Ȼ꣬˳սʡ
-

259 ֲر

ܼ̿㣬Ͼȥս
ȻʱͻȻԶɱ
̲۾
֣һϾȻ´ŶңϸΣǸꡣ
ͺ˼ˡ
Ÿ£ϾȻѾŶң£ѲǸոմӼܳģ
Ȼԡ
ΪԱϲû¡
ܲǼֻһ°ɣ
ܵԭǣ֪꣬δѣǰ´˶ҡ
̱ͣûмŽӵؿꡣ
һ·ðɱԽԽ
̸޷ȥסǡ
޷Ҫȥˣ˭֪ͻȻĴ
޷棺
һ£̾ؾ𵶣סˣʵվסʲôˣ
˶һûµ̧ͷ˳һۣ̹񣺡Сߵ¡
һۣüʵʶ
˵үĻСƽµһүȥˣոջ
һʶԱǸꡣ
ͻȻӦϽڵϣǫߵ¡
֣˲üͷǫĿҲЩ䣺ǫ
ǫΪʲôֻͻȻѹһɽһ㣬ʮܡ
ƴֱͦ˼ҧ˵ȷǫ֪кηԸ
ͻȻʲô͵ʵô˵Ǹر㷢ֵģ
ǫ˲ûб¶ƽ˵˵ûȷǲֵġ
ǲЦһֽʵôֵģ
ǫͻȻóƺЩﲻЩ벻ס
裬ԽСɬ˵ųϢҵܵõͣ
Բ߽ƬĵغһֱͷĴѰҡ˺һ󣬲֪ߵһû˵ĵط
㿴˭֪ȻͭǮ˳ͭǮʽϣ˺ܶ꣬Щ֣ͼڡ
˭֪ȥ֮󣬾Ȼ˸ͭǮ󻹿һͭšʱʶ²򵥣ûҼȥȥ¡˰ͭڿиر
Цԭô˵ĻǷǳۼؿڵͭǮõһֱڣ˲ر
ǫĻһĲԽԽš
Ҳ˵õΪʲôܾóƺЩ˼
ɳ̹ΪǴŰ裬ɱ˲գ۵£Ҫһ仰飬ҵ
ǫֻܼװʲôûܹƽȹһء
ǫ˵Ҳʵ̫á
ȴڷ顣
ǸرλãʵǶġ
ǰҹͻȻ֣ײϵʯ࣬Ȼָرλãڡ
ԭ֪ǵ¾ȻǸرֻǶˡ
˭֪Ȼôӡ
Ҳ֪ô֪ģʵǷ˼
˵¸鷳
û˵ѹֵĳĬǫиӽš
κ󣬳ͻȻʵпɻʲôˣ
ǫ⻰һˡ
ͻȻʲô˼
ǫ²̵⣬ȴҲػֻС˵үĻҸ뾩ϿֻǸӶˣʣµ˶ϼҡ
ͻȻζЦŶ㸸ǽ򺲰ɣ˵ˣ֪ڻָˣܲμµĴǣ
ǫɫ˲Ͱˡ
ôҲû뵽Ȼ֪
ҸҸǫҧԥ˺һ˵ҸڼˣܷμӴǣδ֪
ʵ򺲵Ѿȫָˣ˵
Ϊ򺲵˵أʱ˺ܶ򣬶˵²м
ǫܵģ³֪º򺲺Ͷ
͹˸ѣ˵򺲻ûá
ô˵ŵʱֻϵѹԽԽȴҽͷ̧
̳ع𴽽ǣ俴Źڵϵǫ
СֱͦͦģͻȻ۸СĴ
ǳ˵ȥҪúչ㸸ףϰȡμεĴǡ
˶٣ַԸ޷棬һٹᱦ
޷һȡһٹᱦǫ
ǫҪ޷ֱŵǫɫ䣬ڿå
޷棺
-

260 

޷濴ǫŵøϽһƵġ
صһۣ԰˵ȥɣɫ꣬·ϳˡ
԰Ͻ
ʱŷͻȻ¸ңɡ԰ǫ
԰ŷ죬ֱӾͽ˹
ǫЩ˼ƾܵҾͲˣжҺ£óɡ
˭֪ŷֱӰɡˬ˵㻹ȥŰɣҪԽԽС꣬⿿ҸôУȻ㵽ˣԼɡ
ǫô˵ֻøмɡ
Ȼ񣬱ɡ£϶ҵ԰һ߽Ļ
̿ĻԽԽԶɫԽԽ䡣
ŷСؿһۣ˵£СѾ׼¿Ҫȥ
俴һۣŷΪᷢʱͻȻӦһ
ŷɴ⣬ϽȻСؾɡڳͷϳ
̿ۺţ
ոտʱսʡ
ڼǫԽԽȥսͲˡ
޷ЩŵؿɫڣЩ
شŷݹԣִ϶ңһǰ档
Ϊɲҽᡣ
ͷϣҪǽȥˣϸŰô
޷ֱ׳ţ̲סֵս
ôҲû뵽ҵر˾Ȼǫ
ǫսʶģȾսκõġ
ǫҵ˲رҲ̫ˡ
Ǵɺϣǲرսйأ
϶˰ɣƬĵǰòŴ͸սֲɣôܻ֪ǵطиر
ԣʵֻɺϵİɣ
¾̫ˣưүġ
Ȼȥˣү֪ôء
޷һ·ĵػ
ͳ³ͻȥˡ
޷û⣬һֱСĵų̵ķӦ
ʲôû˵ֻһ·߽Ȼȥ䳡Ƕ
޷濴һĻŵˡ
ڿǴ죬ŵִ󡣳Ҫ꣬иʲôôºͻʺﻹó
޷ϽɡȥȰȻոߵ岽ԶĵطĽżǰͻȻһۡ
޷濴ǵĵۣ˲ŵ˶ˣϽһȰӣҪȻݳԵ㶫
ȴ˵͹
޷浱Ȼһ㶼Ĳҹ
ֱӹˣӣҪȥչ
⻰ŭң޷棬ǻˣ
޷ֱͦͦعţ²ңְֻڣ˲ϧ塣ִˣֻȥչȰү
ֻ۾ϧˣƵص˵۾úÿʪ𣿡
޷ʶɴ۾ȥŷֳϵ·ȻǸɵģ
ϸһŷֳϾȻйɿĻ˿
Դ겻£ȴɸˬúܡ
һĻ޷ͺݺһЩڸղŵçײ
ôҪ飬ովȻûз֣
ˣӿ϶Ź
̲мһڿˣֻѣ
޷ŵش˸£ͻȻ뵽ʲôϽ˵Ҫ䣬Ҳţӡ

˭֪䣬ĶӾ͡
̣
޷棺
˶һۣ鲻ϱ仯
̵ɫԽԽڣ޷ɫȴԽԽס
޷ڼˣʲôŻҪ
ôӵһˣڵ˳󣬻Ŀڣ
޷Ͻ˵̫¸ոʲôû
̣Ǻǡ
ЦһҲû£ŵߵ˻¡
޷Ͻȥȵذɡٵͷꡣ
ԽԽɫҲ׺
е츮ԽԵóƲ
ĹײɻţǶ죬ʬ帯ܵûô죬ζòʯңζ
ɺǰţ˶ǻ㱵ġ
Ѿ˵˲ر۴ͻƱϢԺ˴̼
ôҲ벻ףһôǰô࣡
ǰô꣬δ˵ر
ôƬĵش͸սرͳˣ
Ϊʲô
˺һͻȻŲ
ûᡣ
ʱ򣬲˭
-

261 

ɺûˣͻȻ˵ɺˡ
ɺͻȻЩӲ
Ҫװû˭֪˵˵͹ˡɺôҲͷһۣ𣿡
ɺ⻰ûٳĬȥˡ
ӲתĿ⸴ӵؿˣῪڣ㣬ô䣬ͷ꣬廹ûãôˣ
̫ˣ͸͸ЦЦȻ˵;ҵؿȿȿȣȿȿȿȿȡ
ɺȵܵ˶㣬ʲôϡ
ͻȻЦɺʲôҲǡȿȡ㿴⸱ӡȷʵȿȿȡǡһʡΪʲôΪʲôҪң
˵󣬳ͻȻ˵ɺϣ԰׵ָץϵ£ɺҰΪʲôȿȡҪң
ɺһһ߾ŵ˵㣬˵ʲôҺʱˣ
Ȼϡԡ϶ǲϵġ飬ôأ
˵ȴץ·ϷſɺҾǸͷβɵӣ
֪𣿲ԺҶ˺ܾãףҾȻˡһֱ㵱ÿ㡭ôҵģ
ڳߣ˵Ļôɣսˡ
ñӴңһŷȴһѣҽƽ˽ĳȿȿȿȡ
ȿȡ˶˼񶾡ȿȿȡ⡭սˮҡһ˶
㡭ȴһ¶ûУڡȿȡڱϷʱ򡭡϶ȿȡܵɣ
ɺﲻԽԽţٲ˵ȥ
æ㣬ˡЩսΪҹ˵ģҿǰ㵱׽ģ㣿
񳰷ؿ˵㲻ҲûϵֻǴӽԺҲ㵱ãɺҵţĿӻںͷء
ɺ𾪵ؿ̲סɩӣҪͲҸ֪󣬻᲻𣿡
һЦͻȻҽŵȥ
ɺ˲еǿҵĲ
ʶ̧ͷȻͻȻһˣ
d
ĵؿų񣺡ʲôˣ
û¡ҰسЦЦȻţ۵á˻һܵ֡
dӼ顣
ȻͿֱ۾Ȼһ࣬Ǳġ
ɫ˲ô£˭ɵģ
û˭ԼСĿȿȿȿȡ
˵ͻȻҵؿ
d״󾪣Ͻȥ
ɺҲƬ࣬µʲô˲侪ŵ˵¸ûϵҸɵģңĲģ
˵ͱdϣɺ㻹Ҫֵʲôʱ۾ϸ׵ĹײĻأ
磡Ĳңɺίô󺰣Ұûһֱ׽ģôܻ£
d⻰ӷŭ׽㣿ɺǲԼʲô£иղţ˵ʲôԼԼ𣿡
ŭһҪ˵ʲôȻҰĳ
ɺЩҪó֪жģ
Ŭ˵ɺõķϣξ㣬͹ú÷ʡɡҪ´ٸҾ㣡
d˵꣬̽ᱧ߳ɢŹζá
ɺȥıӰͻȻĵش󺰵磡ƭģңû
d⻰Ų͵һ٣תͷؿ㻹ִԲ򣬼Ȼˣ죬ú÷ʡɣ
˵ֵ꣬ͷضԳ˵ģһôκ㡣Ժڣί
ЦЦ˳ؿֻҪ˵ģš
d⻰ܸжԽᶨҪ˼
˵֪ίˡ׵ĸ׵Ĵ̫ˣҪģһЩĸ׵Ϊ֪ģԺͨˣһЩ
ףԹĸ׵ġĸ׾̫ˣʲôأģһ壬ú̷ĸס
á
ȻûȳĲãһİӾ˽
-

262 d

ĵڶ죬һֽ״ͽҸš
֪ºǰȥ顣
˽
ɺּdĹְȥdĹȫΪ񣬷ûҲǲԭ
һ已ǣڵˣͬȥ
йְģһɰ⡣
նס
ģҲзߡ
dȻն׻ȥߣȻǸûҲǲԭ͹ܵġ
Ҫ֪ʹ
ǰȥʱѾﵽϼҡ
˵һ壬صİն֪ˡ
֪d˻صԭ󣬽ѵĴ
һ岻˶ܵǣȻ˶˽ģԸ˿ɲࡣܶ˷ԼдϲѴ̵ϡ
һͱ顣
Щ᲻Ǩŭ
ȵʬ屻ͻȥһأϵĺ÷ˮ
µʱĵطҡ
µǣdȥ˹ҲԵ;
ּ󣬻ڲеֱ³Ѫ
dȻûѪһȴҲҰ׵Ӷҡҡ׹
ճµʱѾ˺üȦݵˡ
˵Ƥͷ
ŮҲûõĶȥ
ϺͳֱӾεˣɺУ·Ѿˡ
ȴּʹ뿪dһѣܣˣæĸ׷ط䡣
Ȼֱ㶵ģƺѾɵˡ
dúݺݸһƣܣڷʲô񣿸Ͻĸ׷ȥ
ž
ˣûʲôӦ
dָһƣ㣡
ͻȻԳЦһ磬ǶˣⱲҲԵ;
dҧ˵ֻǸѣֲɱͷֻҪǻţͻϣ
ϣʲôϣֱ㶵ؿͻȻЦѵ˵ɺ˵Щ𣿸磬ʲôʱôˣ
ɺǲ˵Щǲġ
ѾҪˡ
Ѿˡ
d
Ըƽοܼ޸̫
һЩ״Ѿǰ϶ƽ
۴У̫λ޿ܡ
ȻֵﶦʢͻȻУ̫λ
ֻҪۻڣҾͲƽ𸴵Ŀܡ
㵱̫λƽ
ǵĸǱܼң
뵽ֻʣľ
ЦԽԽ״տ
dôؿţֱЦ˻ߣٴθƣȻЦ𣿡
̧ۣޱظӡ
d̾˿˵Ѿˣһ®ӣΪТꡣһ䡣ȵȥͶȡ
һ䣿Ͷ磬𣿡
˶٣ֻŵ˵ѾȥͶȥ
dһЦſҲһ졣ҼȻȥͶȻаձס׵ܵܣ󣬾ʣֵܶˣѵһẦ㣿
⻰ɫ磬˼ǣھС
d죬⻰Ҳ˵ģ֮ҵľǡ˵Щ̫磬ǻȥǻв鷳ڵǡҪͶҲҪȵô࣬Ȱ˵
˵ͷȴûôˡ
ԭΪ˹ⱲӶԵ;ֻµµΪ
룬dȻϣ
ͶͶ
ûþôжһ
Ϳʼϰ䣡
ͦȴһҪ£ϰ츳
գȻҲ䣬ǵ㱾²ȭȰˡ
ʵ㲻ʲô
Ѿһͣѧʲô
ȻѾd͸¶Ϣ̼ӷȣ˵ȥЩ
۸ʱ뾩ǣҪӣûϵ뿪ʰ֮󣬵ڶ뿪˾ǡ
ߵʱڼª̽ͷžΡĳǽǲʺͷ
ҵţһ죬ǻٻ
Ϊ˱ӣŮӷֿ
Ҫɺͬһ
Ϸͬһ
Уɺ˶Щ㱡
ͻȻ˵ɺȰɡɱˣﻨģɶҵļױ
-

263 ֪

㡪ɺŵؿų񣬡һΪְ취ĥ㣬Ҽǵǰˣ
ǰʱ򣬳һֱοã
Ϊʲôһȫˣ
Ҳ˵ǰЦһɺòǣ˭Һİɣ
ǰкк£ȻҪ˼ɣвʹ
Ѿ٣չžͿ˹ɷҲչ٣ȥ˹
ΪʲôҪɺ׺ù
ɺȴҧгݵ˵ҵȻûսǺҪҲŶԣ
ɺԼҪ費ҪǱңҵĵ
ɺȴѹúܵͣսʲôʲôʲôݣŮ
أһ񣬾ȻҲ˭ĵӣҺѵȫ𣡡
ɺʵȭͷҧгݵ˵ͲóΪ
ЦãѵãŻ¿Ǳ½µּʲôʸ๣
ɺһ̼̲ס˵ΪʲôûʸŻ±͸ҵģֻҲԸ⣬š
ȻţɺѾ޿ɾҩʲôѵ˵Ϊ㲻Ը⣬Żսɺô˵ô֪ܵĻ
˭֪ˣ˵Ķģҡ
ɺ˵ͻȻ֪طӦȻ˵ˣ
ɺɫһ䣬ʱЩĻš
У˵ˣ
飬Բó֪
ɺҧҧͻȻϵԣҾǲģսŰ裬ƾʲôΪ
ôûб
Ҫ֪޸ôôֺαôܣ֮Ψֲ
ɺֻҪһ뵽ǼʮĲƱ;úڡ
ܾҪǳЩƱģ
ļױǶˣɴ඼ǼҾʲˡ
սõЩƱ˵мᣡ
ǶĿ
̫ļױҲԶԶ磡
սδ̫Щ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ôƱȻ˵͸ˡ
ɺεĲʣ̲ס㲻ģ㲻ʲôãǱ´͵Ļ飡
ɺ򴽣û˵
Ȼ֪Ǳ´͵Ļ飬βʣĲˡ
ֻؿս
񳰷ؿô˵ˣȻ㲻˵ˣȰɡ
ɺص̫ˣ
ЦɺҲˣĻҵļױӣ
ɺʱ˵
Ϊ֪˵û
αûҲζ乫ˣֻ·˳
Ψгļױ
ױĺܶණûߣҾ߰ڼʲôģǳ¼ҳǮ˻ȥ
ȻԳ¼ҵ򣬶ˡ
λ磬˳ھѺڣǳõǮ
ɺԳٲҲҶ˵ʲô
ϴξΪdãϥǵڶ׵ġ
Ҫ˳Ů˻֪ô
ߣ˵ʲôƣսˮ
Ͳţʱǹģ
Ҳǹģƾʲôһˣ
ôҲ룬Ϊʲôֻˮ
ڵǹˣǺô
ɺķȴòԹԸȡ
֪ﲻ⣬ں
Ҫľɺȴòıӣ
ɺʵˣͿڵϣʼ顣
ҵļҲûȫûļױ
dѾ˵ˣѸװˣҪ®Ĺꡣ
Ҳ˵Ľȫÿ
һα˲٣ǻȥ϶в鷳
úú룬ʱô졣
ɽտ϶ǲеģ뷨Ǯ
õİ취ӡ
Թ˸֣ӿ׬Ǯ
뵽ͻȻɺɺҼǵŮ첻Ȼ磬ҪͷЩ׬Ǯˡ
ɺʧɫʲôҪȥ
ЦȻأѵҪüױ㣿ɺҲСˣӦòô֪ܰɣ
ɺòУôҲû뵽ҵǧ𣬾Ȼ䵽ڵĵز
ɩӣȻ
ɺȥԼҪļױºݻģԼ׬Ǯòüױң
񳰷ЦôȻٺò˵Ѿˡ׬Ǯף㵽ʱɱࡣ
ɺòûңҼȻô˵ˣͲ࣡
ЦЦٶ˵
ʱеǷʰɺ
ս
-

264 Դ

뵽ս̲ס̾
ɺģθģ
Ȼûλӡ
d⣬ûаź
Σ
Ѿ޸dѵҪʱ侮ʯ벻ɣ
Ҫôˣͳ׻ˣۼ
Լ
ֻҧأһߵڡ
սȴǺ
˵ôһʵĲƱ
˭Ľ
ǶͷλҲƽѾʷˡ
Σ
ԳһЦٲսҲû취
ڵݣȥսѻʯ
ֻš
ȵԺѰᡣ
ֻϣһ첻Ҫ̫źá
뵽̲סӴ̽ͷ򾩳ǵķ
ʱѾԶˣΡĳǽѾԶķ羰С
˿紵ϣ͸һ
Ͻ˳СĹϳֱ¯ӿ˿
̫ˣҲ֪Ǹʲô⾰ЩֻζԴǡ
룬;ͷ

ǣ
ս֪ɺڲĵ
ҵ֪
ΪƽѾͷʵ̫ˣ
ų򻰱ʱܳȥҵ֣һߴߴظ˵ͣ
ؼǣֻͦ
ǵˣԺ˭۸㣡ϵϣĲҲ֪ܻܲŻص¡
սЩͲõˣ㻹ǿĻɣҵͱˡ
˭֪˵ƽͿ㲻֪ūȥˣĻȫʲôӼˣ׽ģū澶ˡ
ôһ˵һ廨ĶรͲˣӴƽ˵Ǯ򻰱Ȼˡ
ƽ̷ҿûǾЩ̫ҪЩ˼ˣĸ˼Ұ׽ʲôأ
รЦҪȥд
ҲЩĲӼˣ׽ȷʵдͦˣЩεĶ
ƽС֪ڹɲɡ
ǵúúýѵƽһٲɡ
ƽรһ˵˼غֲд
ǰɲǹῴд㲻ῴء
รô˵ҿ˰УЩֲһڿҲˣ㲻Ҳڵǹˡ
֪㲻ᣬߡรŻ˵㿴㶼Щʲô۹ɣͻЩȭȵĹҲһܼˡɹĹõö࣬ʲôã
ƽؾ죺ôûˣҡһᶫϢ򻰱ҵôɶˣ
սһͷ̲ס˵ˣǱˡรġƽȻģȥѲ׳ʮ顣
ƽ˲ū澰ɣūһ;öӶ
ϧսھǸĪøӣ˿飺ǲУ͵óϽȥɣҡ
ЦҪǳ˲ﻹ㳭ʲô
ƽͨڣֻܿȥס
ߺսִ˶รȻһ˿ռ䡣
˭֪һȥͿһСſߣ۰Ͱ͵ؿͷȥ㡣
Ϊռ󣬶˲ٵطսþԭһ¡
Ϊã˭֪Ȼûͦ
ԭһƽ״СѾһĶشСԭ࣬ٲȻǸСˡ
ȻͷԵˡ
սòĥҸʱ䣬͵͵̵ȥš
ȻƾǾŸԻ϶ֲ˶á
뵽ֿſڳߵСһ۾ϳԻСţ
Сһֱɵų㣬սĿֱ̫ˣܿʲô͵Ťͷسս
Ȼŵñȥ
սǹģһץסȥû͵ԡ
Сžֵؿڱå꣺㡭ʲô
սһ̲סָ˵ԲԹӣʲôУ밤ǲǣУĿˮҵεϿô㣡
ŵС˲䲻˵ˡ
СҲӲһҶ
սûָ˴ĶӣŵͣŤ׵ʲôӲŲ㣡
죡սִһ£ʣôֻ㣬Щأ
С˵ӲŲ㣬ȥˡ
-

265 

սһ̲סʣҪô
СֺͦСӣӣǲģ
ңȷսһЦͻȻ˵㲻˵лô
С۰Ͱ͵ؿǿʼˮл㣿ʲô
սЦеؿҪôҾ͸ʲôǽл㡣
СǳԭĳԻһ½лζͷǳԭذѸǳˣ֪ģǿǴ֪ʲôǴ
ǿʼʵģԺǴͳŹˣ
ϧиΪ˶ռǣȻ͵͵ǲֵǣµĻʵҲǣȻ˽ԿƷȡǣ
һֱڵ£˵ϵԽԽ΢ֻ̳ܿסС
˵С۽ͻȻžӨ飬ˣӲΪҪˡ
ս
ܱܲ޵˵ӡģ
ﶼҪЦˣ
Ͻʵǵйأ
ǵȻˣСŵͦͦСӣǿǴȻϢϢء
֣ϾȻǣһǵ󣬸˵ϵȻǿ˲١ѵǻʵۣŮҲܵʵ𣿡
սŮôˣƾʲôŮ˾ͲܵʵˣǿŮˣ
Сһĵϻʵˣ
ȻûУսŸ첲ҶԵʵۿûʲôȤ
ۻģ˯ñȹıȼ磬˭˭Ųء
뵱˭ֵɱɱȥò˻λ۳ɹ󻹻ˡ
ýɽô競ӣµĹô競ȥɽˮŮˡ
ȵλΪǮɴ̰ٸˡ
Щ󳼻ϲ¡
֣Ҫ˦ʵۡ
ʵ۳Եúõ㣬Ҫ˷ѡ
޸԰ӣͷɣñɻųꡣ
ֻʵ۵ʲô˼
ʱΧٹٳܣǶǶ¹Ķǣúıûˣ˼ζء
ʱ˺ðεСͻȻ˵ҲǣҪǻʵۣϵô١Ǿˣѵǹ
ս˵ⷴ仡Ҳ̫ˣȴЦ˼ֲ´ˡ
ףҲǹ𣿡СźɵؿսüۣͻȻȻ򣬡֪ˣǻʵ۵Ůǲǣ˵Щʵۿˣһ˺öŮˣ˭͸˭϶Ǹʵ۹˰ɣ
Ÿʵ۹ˣսŭһסСŵĲӣֻǸʵ۵ĶӶ˻飡ϱ
ʲô
᲻˵ţ
ǲǣ
СŵԲ۾ʣףȻǶϱϱʲô
սЩ˵ϱǶӵϱ㲻ȥϴٸ˵ô㣡
С˵Ŷǽʵ۰ɡֻҪ³ΪǾͿٴθ˽ʱ͸ˡ
սҲ;ܾˣǲС
Цʲô
óȥ
֪ˣô룿
οѾǣ֪ռܡĨȥǵǣǾԲܷǳȥġ
Ĩȥδ̫ЩԻʵռˡ
ռΪǵԵʣҪǳȥˣ˭֪ռ᲻ή
СģΪʲôа
оǲУøʵ
սصһۣø˵ǵϴС
СžǸûûεĳԻھСܵܣ춼۸
ÿճԷܵܣľ
λӦҲûá
ֱϴ
ôһ룬սʵϴĶ֪𣿡
СغһӲŲ֪ɽ
սһȥɽ¡
˵ԴӰѴýռ󣬿ռʹ
˺ܶ࣬һɽ˺ܶҩ
鿴֮ŷ֣ɽ֣ɽŴƺĳ谭ϲȥ
˸ְ취òģ²Ҫĳܹɽ
ɽȻϲȥɽŴȴռŨġ
ѹϴǻȥǶ
սҴҸϵɽ£Ȼϴ
ֻǰƸ죬ŵǸ̹
˯
սͻȻЩʡ
ͷæҪǾȻ
-

266 

սҧǺð˵𣿡
ͰˣȻĵθ˹
ЩҪҪôⰡ
ϴشӵ֧Դʲôû𣿡
˰㡣սָ죬϶Ҳ˰ɣ
ϴʾ˲ɫӡһ㶼㣡
Ȼ˵꣬;ǰһȻսͳ˵ǰ
ϴŵˡ
̫ˣɶŮ˾Ȼ˲ƣ
ô󺰣㵽ʲô
սһѽӿȻڵϣŵҡͬʱ˵ҸոС˵ǴǸǻʣǵ˵ʲôϵ
ϴսӵϣ˵棬սʣΪ
սҡΣ԰ȻΪأ
ϴ㱻ȥŵøϽСצץסαأ˫ðصս
ս£Цеظӡ
ϴ󲻵ò䡣
ɲԼˣֻսԵ䣬ʶʱΪ
ԺñŮǿˣôʰߣ
С˵ûȷʵϢϢءԽǿҲԽǿҪǹ˥Ҳ˥
ߣҪΪô
⻰û˵սǲµˡ̲סʣС˵ԴλĻʵ۵µĴǸ˵ϵͱԽԽˡ
ϴǱȵβͣ˲УʲôһƷˣͲܸǱȣ
սʵѵС˵ѣǸ˵ϵ
Ȼǣϴ̼طСû˵ѣǸ˵ϵȷʵˡ
ǹ˻ϵĶ٣ΪĶƽ٣ѾԽԽֱʮ꣬΢˺ת
ʵϣԴӵǱڵϣǿնϸ˵ϵ󣬾ˡ
ϵûȫϿǿʢʱܹܵǿĺô
ϧûã˥ȥԽԽҲϼ١
ɰˡ
ڶ֮ڴĸطˡ
ŮȻɶ˵꣬ȴǸõطȻͷʢ˲١
ҪһֱĻ㲻µشҲûϵ
ϴ󰵴ţȴЩս
ŲҪأȻɶŮ˿϶ˣ
սŻȻ
ʶһʷصʷչܿϴ˵ʱˡ
Ȼǿʢʱ򣬹Ҳǿʢϴ˵ǿʢʱǡ
Ҫǹ˥Ҳ˥ˣ
أ˵ԶŵһЩΪг
дԻ˼˴ڡ
רоʱ򣬶̫ŵĶ׫Ͳġ
ŨǰպŨ̶ȵĻ˵ʱҲĳЩܡ
Ļδزܡ
ֻĲ룬δؾġ
˵׼ЩϵļظǶ׫أ
ϡúܣպŨ̶Ȳ̫Զ
ǿʢǣҪǵյĳ̶ȣǹ˵öǿʢУ
ս̲ס̾
Ҫ˵ָգúռء
ռɱͷŨˡ
ҪǼȥĻ϶ԽԽŨ
ʱδؾûܴﵽǰպŨ̶ȡ
սôһ룬;̵ġ
Ƴϴһۣ뵽ոնСŵάϴ̵ͦġȻͷ۸Сܵܣǹؼʱͦάܵܵ
˭֪ʱϴͻȻʵɽķӡ𣿡
ӡսһ㶣˼ǣɽзӡ
ϴ϶صͷ϶УҸоˣȻΪʲôȥ
սͻȻ˵úе̲סʣãҪôܴ򿪷ӡ
ϴ֣³֣ˣ
ʲôսȵؿ˼ǣɽķӡйϵ
ҵԤɽķӡҪù˵򿪡Ҫ붯ù˵͵³Ϊ˽ֻҲù˵ӡ
սһûȤˣǻˡ
ڵݣ³Ϊ
ϴͻȻ˵ɽϿ϶кܶĵرĲȥ𣿡
սЦϷϣŶҲ롣
ʵ롣
ô죿
Իϴϴ˯ɡ
-

267 µġ

սϴ󣬹ڵϣʼ
ռҪͷŨö࣬ͷȻ°빦
ֻʣ²һµʱ䣬뾡ȡʱ̲ܳУ
̲˵úÿ
ʱһο

죬սŬ
֮⣬˲ҩĻƳɶҩ衣
ǿܣҪľǶǿ
ʮֹؼ
ǿܱǿã⿿ܻøԵҩЧܴﵽá
ǰѺȻһߣǾ߲ûֻƾű
õһ֮󣬵Ƿǳʺ
ֻ׹ҲףҪͨȫѨλ;
̼ʹΣա
˵ͨ˵ʸ֧ŲסǺܶߵҲﲻҪ
ǰҲܴﵽ֮󣬲ſʼԴͨѨλ;
ʱǿߵ壬ûܼ
Ϊʵ̫ʹˡ
ԽΪϡڣͣһס
ռŨ˲١˺ü죬Ѿ˶׵ϣԳԽ
ȵܴﵽףʻַ츲صı仯ʱ򣬾ͿԳԴͨѨλ
Ҫܹڴ֮ǰףīӦòĶ֡
ս̵š
֮࣬Ҳû¡
Խ֮ǰȼɰ
սʵرɽǱߵĹؽеû˳𣿡
Ƭĵԭûֵģ˲ر˾ϲرɽ
սøģͼ򵥴ֱʽȡΪرɽ
رֺǱ߾Ϳʼˡ
Ҥѡַɽ£ɽû
ֻɽ¶ʱڳЩ鱻˵˲ر
ɰЦЦؽеú˳Ȼ䣬ǹĹǮĺṩͷܶ˶
û˵ǣʵ̫ˣܶϲߡ
ִ죬ǲũûĽ
սйĴ̫ź񣬾͵̫˶
ǹʱ򣬺ܶռﶼһ͵سԣǳ͡
սã˵˲ԱûɻȻҪṩһ͡
ǸӣһȺﲻз˿ƬԼһЩɲˡ
ȻָӲ˺ͺóԶˣر𶥶
ϵĹ˭˵ģ
߯ˣÿȥ˹Ű
սЩȣҼǵòѾй𣿡
ɲҪǹ̫ƣĴ̫ˡϢԽԽ㣬֪ԽԽࡣ
ԭսʷ飬̲ס̾˿
ʱĺܶˣԾɹüѣ±ǳ롣
ÿ궼в˶֡
ʱĹҲ٣ֵأﵱ̹֮⣬ֻܶȥͷ
Ϊǲģֻʣһ
ϧ׬ò࣬۳һ
ͬǳȥͷưء
ս뵽ͻȻһ
԰Щ˼Ȼаﲻȥưأ
ʱȻţ¿ɶ˷㣿
˵ڻû𽺣̥ɻưҲû
ƳɵĻҪЩţʲôöࡣ
ֱȽӸʡ
ٶȻ졣
ڵĻƳܵȻܲܰ
ҪǿͿƳŲȵĿʽг
ԺŪ𽺣ͿԻ̥
Ψһǣ䡣
ưûģûܵˡ
Ҳްˣʱ׼ůֵġ
뵽սóǦʺֽֽϻ˻ưӡ
¸¾ǴǣЩģư˵ʺϲ
ưҪţ¿ɱҪʡ²١
㣬ٶϣ˵ҲȽϿ졣
;ʱưҲҪʵöࡣ
Ҳͨ
Ǽϼ𵯻ɣǾҪЩ
ⵯɲ̫ŪҪø֣ȻǿȺԲ
е鷳ԺĽɡ
սһ飬һ߽ư˳
ΪԱ߻һڻưǰһ˿ųܵĻ档
дܿͻˡ
Ȼֽǰһƣɰ˵ɰ
ɰ֪ڻʲôǰ
ưӺסˣǳŵСɣȻ
-

268 

ڻֻ룬ܲܿõٿ
ս˵ȥЩʽ㣬Чô
ҪǿԣͿУרƹ㵽ȫ¡
ֻưС㡣
һƹ㵽ȫ϶ٰܹյľҵ⡣
Ͼ̥ƱȽϷûɵ
սֽǵðλƵСЩ㹻һˣ̫ء
û̥Ҳûкʵֻ֣ľͷ
Ǿֻܴλ취ͨƳ˿ˡ
ɰԣ̲סЦȻˣ⳵Ҫƹ㿪ǧǧ˶Ҫˡ
ȻɰҲ뵽⳵ľҵ⡣
սһۡ
;ɰһˣڿȻˡ
ƽ϶벻ôࡣ
ûϵ
ɰǳ̰Źˣݿ϶û⡣
սٶ룬ҤֽĽȡ
ɰشͷͷǵ
ҤǱѾڼӽשͰԡס
שʵǺö
Ͱԡףһ˼Ҳ٣
שͲһˡ
ⶫףҪر״ǿڻɫͷ¹
װη䣬ԡʲôģֺÿַɨ
ⶫһƳ˳ۡ͢Ѹƹ㵽ȫ
ȫѾвٴ̹רȨ
ҤսҪƳÿֻɫרЩƯرĻɫ׬˲١
ΪˣսԸҤǱߵĹ¾Ѿһ˼µĻɫ׬Ǯ
ר˾ҲԽ
еר붼ɾߵ˾һͨͻӱء
ͬרȻǹʾݣʾʱҪϢйܡ
̼ÿ춼ᰲڹʾͤߣѰûʺ׬Ǯרǰ
һп˵Ǿ
רר˾ǳģר˾£һֱڸ
ר˾һ£ѾѵͶȥǮȫ׬˻ӯ˲١
ò˶Ȳѡ
սÿ˵ʱ򣬶úЦ
ר˾Ƴûãûûֳء
ȵԺЩ˲Ż֪ר˾þʲô
ɰ˵Ҥֿʼ˵ֽ
ֽĽȾЩ̫ˡ
ֽѾ˼ϸ壬ս̫⡣
Ǳ뷨ӸĽ
ֽȻûսģǱߵ˱ȽʺǦдӲֽ
Ҳǽ
սɰ˵꣬ʵѩֽҪ飬뷨ϸЩˣ¥Ǳˣ
ɰ˵¥Ǳߵһ˳Ѿӡˢұľ伮úܲ⻹һЩҲС
ս̲סЦǲӼˣ׽ģ
ɰЩΣЩ־ִ棬񻰣ġ
ս˵ͷô˵Ļ൹ǲ٣ǲһЩ
ȥܹ˵һдʿʬġŮɣϮġ
˶٣Щ˵ǿӼˣ־ִʲô˼
ܸ֪ЩʿѪȾʲô
ǵķ绨ѩ£ȫýʿѪʬǻġ
ˣд嵱ʱձüͶѩ޵Ĺ¡
ʮȥЩѾ˵Ѫʷŷ绨ѩˡ
սЦ
֪һ˲ȻӦкܶ󳼲Ը⡣
Ȼˣһѡ
̵ȷʲô÷ӡ
ǾƲøá
Ǿһˡ
ڣȴĳЩ˵
ɰͻȻʵдŮӸĻ
ѵкβɣսΪǵ̫뾭ѵ˵ǵģ͸ĳŮɣü踺Ϊˡ
Т죬ΪĸɱˣʱȻ¡
̷
սǺֲܽЩ¿Գƪأݶߵķ죬ȷľ顣
ɰһūˡūһЩʫ飬⻰ҲЩȤŮӸĻɷūд
սɰ̬ЩԾһۣдĻȻû⡣ֻÿҪ鲻٣æù𣿡
ūԣæύд
ɰ˶٣ߣūñҲдһʱĸãĸ
ս˵ͷԡ
֪ܿɰˡ

-

269 ½н

ɰߺĲûмųԽ
½Ҫʱ䣬Ҫң׷ֲԾ
ڶ˿ռҩ
ֱҹ˾ٴνռ֮У׼Խ
ǰѾͻƵףԶͻƵףѾо顣
ܵĽܼ򵥣ֻҪת㹻ͿԽ
ҪףֻҪС
սռûãɽµĵʼתܡ
Ѿﵽһףתһףһоˮһ׾پˡ
ֻתڶʱܵת谭·ٻĺӵһ㣬ҪƲ谭
Խת棬谭ͱԽԽ
ս׼һֱҧ
תʱ򣬾ǳĳϣꡱһ
ţе谭ȫʧһֱ˳
ս˷ģܺ˶һȦ
ֽתǿ塣
ȵǿ͵۾ɵشӵ˳ȥ
һֻèӯĺżڵһ㣬˱ӳȥԶ
һСĹսѾڿռתһȦ˸ء
֮ݶ˲٣һЩԽǰĸоսⲻѡ
ܶȻرǿɺôǸոմԽǻˡ
ڵʵؾǸխZд裬Ҳ·硣
š
սüͷ
ȻûŴȴܵóйǿƣӦսɱġ
ǸһЩеĻδŵĶ֡
ԣǵüС
̵Ϣ֣ƺʵ֮ϡ
Ҫó̹º㣬ڴ֮ǰﵽף
ôһ룬ս˲û˽Ļϲ
ʱ䣬ʱѾҹʹ˵
廹ûʮ꣬ǳʱոսûȻϢһҹðڻˡ
սֱӻ˷˯ֱڶųϴʱ򣬰ԼԡҩԡԴͨ
ͨʱʹ࣬һЩͱȽϸķ֧ҪСġ
ΪвͿ˵⾭һˣ޲ʮ鷳
սʮֽ
ϵľҪΪʮ澭ʮ
ʮΪʮķ֧
֮ͨǰҪȽѨλͨԽʮ鷳
սҩԡһ󣬱㰴Ǳϵļأȴͨ
ӼȪٸһŸѨλ
ֱ۸һʵϣҪͨ˫۵͵ôͨʮ˸Ѩλ
ϵʱ䲻࣬սȴͨұۡ
תҩգֻ÷·ϣۡ
ȻŸտʼˡ
ͨѨλʱ򣬻ʹǿнڿһ
ƫƫҷȻͷƽһԾ϶ᴳ
սֻҧëԼ
ڣ̻˳̫ʹˡ
ȵֵڴͨսѾ亹
ʱԡеҩˮҲû
ҩˮеҩѾգʣµȫǿдͨʱųʺѪ
սԼȼ֮޽ԡңϵԡͰԡףˮֱŵ
ȻĻҪƽˮô룿
սҵţŵˮַµˮϴɾ
ˮˮյģΪǰԸˮ㡣
ϴɾ󣬻ϸɾ·֣ȻִͨѾø
ܵתҲΪ˳
սԱ˫ֵĸоܴﵽָٶҪȴﵽָϲ١
֪ȫ֮ͨתٶȻ죡
ȵȫͨʱͿԳԽף
ʱ򣬿̻ôǰţ

һ죬սԡʱ򣬴󲿷ʱ䶼ڿռæŴͨϵľ
Ϊ˲˻ɣһֱ˵鷿ϰҽ
Ϊ˲ҽܶ඼ǹղصĹ±
ս鷿Ѿӵ飬д󲿷ֶҽ顣
˵ҪϰҽŶûɡ
ľñŮͦгΪҽ츳
뵽սһֱضڿռ顣
Ǵͨ˫ֵȻ˫ֵ
˫ȵ
ȵ֮ʮȫͨ
ʱɰҲһϢ
-

270 ɲս

սͨЩ죬ɰҲæýŲմء
ÿҪȥرɽأҪȥҤֽ״Ԫ¥Լʱ쳵һԺתơ
ǴԺɰʾսµģȻһЩ쳵ľʼս
ɰҵЩľ쳵ģͼֽ֪Ҫ󣬺ܿˡ
ֻϰ󳵣ͻȻҪСͦӦġ
ЩҹϹǰ޸˺ܶΣҪС
ɰȥԣԺȦͦȲսϲ
ϾͼֽսģɰսӦͦģһ̶û顣
ϻʱս鷿ϰҽɰûҴš
ŵƽһ󣬾Ȼ˷д
ս߳鷿ƽ˵ˣɰأ
˵ƽսͻȻصԲ۾Щʣūôãøÿˣ
սЦؿһۣǲ
ͷˣƽȻ˵㣬еʱַǳ񣬾͸Ƶġ
ͨʮָͦƽ°ͣ٩˼˵ǰûںÿ
ƽ˲Ǻյصս㡭㡭ô
˵ͻȻ˶㣬ɰżˣūȥ
δ䣬Ѿ˳ȥ
Żŵģʲô׷Ƶġ
սغһóСգô
ͺܺÿ
ⲻ֪ƽǺˡ
ܳȥԾɾ
ҲģԽԽÿˣ˵Ļžְɣ
ģո඼Ҫˣ
ܵÿ죡
Ȼϻ˵ûŮʮ˱䣬ԽԽÿ
ֻǣҲ̫ÿ˰ɡ
Ȣײˡ
ƽҵţܿɰſڡ
ţɰ㣬ˣȥɡ
ɰд
Ҳ֪ʲô̼ȦǺˣ۾ﻹ˸⡣
ƽϽóӲ˲۽ǣȻ°˵Եȣͳ
˵дĸСպãȻˮʪӣѸٲ˲۾óۣ֬Сˢ۾ΧˢһȦЩĺۼסŴɴ߳ȥ
Ķܿ죬÷·ѾΡ
ƽûеȶá
ɰ߳ؿһۣҲûʲôԾ
ɰ̫ƽˣ͸ûһƽӻսûϸɰģ
˵ɰ㣬ǿȥɣɱù̫ˡ
ɰ⻰̲סЦЦ
ƽ֪ģЩ⣬ɵƽȻҲˡ
ƽžС˵ɰ㣬Ȼɵи׼ڱԽԽÿˣ͸ŮƵġ
ɰʱЩΣȻöƽ̫ϣ
ƽǶˣԽԽûˡ
ÿ
Ȼɵúúơ
ﱾѾǧһĺòǵøÿˣǻӣˡ
δ޺󣬻ܹӵйδޣ֪Ҫȫ¶ˡ
ѹҪȡ
ΪŮӣ޲ý
οأ
ɰЦһؼӿ˲ӣߵƽǰͷ
ƽ״ϽҲӿٶȸȥ
˺ܿ鷿սͷǡ
鷿Ϊ䣬ŵ飬ӡ
ͦҩģս˽ҩĿ⡣
䲢ûȫϣֻźָ˿
߽鷿ɰƽŵ˵ҩζ
սͷ߽Ͷƽ˵ƽȳȥ
Ȼֶɰ˵°ɣض񡣡
ɰʶսһۣȻ֣սƺЩͬˡ
˻ǸˣɾĪ˾úÿࡣ
Ҳɲˡ
ɰֻǿһۣܿջĿ⣬ϥһ£˵񲻿ɷϣȣūȴ˱֡
սΣȴҲö˵ֱʵ˵ɣΪ£
ɰ˵ɻǵѾˣȷͦ
ū澱￴ȴԸ⣬˵ǰΪ˸ϹƷֲ̫ڣ˹ۣõģø￴
սһϲ׷ʵŶԹˣɻõ
ɰȴ˵ūԹǾҪȵ٣תǡ
սæʵʲô
-

271 ϱһ

ɰǵ˵ū澵ģ̫̫̫ܲǳ뾭ѵ֮ӡ
սЦѵҲãŮӾ͸ôŲŲ
ɰ͵ˣֻū澵ģ˻˵
ս벻Ц޷⳵ҲרΪŮƵģԸȻԸģҲǿ󡣡
ţһƳȻܹܿȫ
ʵݵĶ˭Ҫأ
Ҫ֪ƥļ۸ɱ˹ˡ
úϾţһķ̫ˡ
ܶͨ˼֮ûгΪ¿ţ
ˣػ΢ԣũң¶Ըһڼ
鷳˵㣬ҪƷ
ڵũȽеӦǶֳֳʮַխС·Ҳͨ
ضҲˡ
ǵ̫ͣصλм䣬ֱ̫»󲿷ֵֿʹǳ
ǻưͲһ˿͵Ҫ֧ţǰʱ򣬾ͻǳʡ
ƷҲһǳ֧ŻֱλƵñȽϸߣƵʱͻʡ
ս뵽ɴƷҲ˳ɰ˵һģ
ɰһۣͷūȥ˵
˵Ҫߡ
սסȵȣɴժˣٿ
ɰһū澰ŵ
޷ᵱ˵ôҶ£С̺ʲô
ɰ⻰̲ס˼롣
Լˣﻹ̲ס
ﵱȻᣬô˵ѵѵҲа취
ɰŵץץ·Լ̧ժɴ
ս̽̽ӣ߽ЩҺúÿ
ɰŵ˹ȥվսǰ
սָ̧°ͣϸ鿴İ̺ۣȡһö룬˵ҪȡһЩѪ¡
ɰ̲ס˵ū˻Ӵ˶Ȼȴ˿á
òϣȴ̺ۣòªʮˡ
ҽΪū澿ֻҽ˵ūⶾѾ뼡޷̺Ҳ޲ߡ
ս˵޷Щҽ飬ԡܲκãҲȷԸ⣿
ʵȥɰˡ
ɰӣɰʮƯϧ̣ˡ
Ҫܹκã϶Ǹˡ
ֻԽ󣬡ѧҽʱ䵽̫̣һʼκɰʵ̫˲ɡ
չϰҽգʼɰƣҲ˵ùȥ
λˣҲճˡ
Ѿ£Ҫǲܹڴ֮ǰκǣƣͻ÷ǳ鷳
ūԸ⣡ɰͻȻڵϣѸٸս˸ͷūл
սüͷѾ˵ˣڻûκãֻԣ㼱¹ʲô
ɰվȴЦūŹҪûаգ϶ūᡣ
ɼǵã֮ǰʱ򣬹Ҳôλ̫̫˵ġ
أ
ľȻˣ
֮ǰһֱû˵ҪͻȻôһնûУ
Ųţûаյ顣
Ȼϰҽ˽չŴơ
ôһ룬ɰﲻ˼ġ
ߵսǰ˵ūŹȡѪɣū澲ۡ
˵ʱѾ۹ˡ
Ժ󣬾ٴʹ࣬Ҳ¡
սô˵뵽֮ǰ˵ı˻ˣжﲻ̾˿
Ȼɰйһκܲƽľ
ڣһжѾȥˡ
ɰܹͦľҲѵˡ
սԽᶨҪκõ˼
ɰ˰̣ȡһЩѪڱǼš
ּһЩѪװϴɾСԺо
ȡѪָɰ˸
ֻȵƳҩɰζȥϵİ̺ۡ
սͷԸˣȥæɣҵƺýҩ㡣
ɰмص˵ͷɴٴ˸񣺡ūлͰͼֽľȥ
˵˳ȥ
ߺսŷͿʼƽҩ
ȡɰĶѪҪƽҩͱ׺ܶࡣ
ֻһʱ͵Ƴһ͸ҩ࣬ܽⶾ̡
ҩɫ͸ûرɫ˿ϣҲõĻɫس
ƺҩսֿʼĥˡ
ϧûϸλ忴ԵҸʱ䣬ϸ¼顣
-

272 ɵ۵λ

ս㣬ʣµʱĲࡣ
Ŵͨʮʮ澭Ҫͨ
ԱøϽ
ֻλԴӱ۴͹٣һֱҵҵ壬ÿ춼ȥţ衣
вм۴͹ѾǶ⿪˷顣
ǲŸŬҪ֤Լ
ǾﵱսҪǼ飬õȵǴС
ʱ䣬ɴֿʼҩ
ͨʮǱȽ׵ģʮ澭ͨҪѵö࣬澭ͨʱΣգԱ븨Ժüҩȷһʧ
սɵæµʱ䲻֪͹ȥˡ
࣬λһˡ
Ȼ˹٣ۿǵвм͵ĹְȽС
˵Ĳ²࣬ʱͿԻؼҡ
սʱ䣬ǰƽȥǰԺţλһԺ
ƽ˵ʱ̫ЩսԸ˵飬Ҳʵʵذס
սţͱƽסˣū澼үүλүūȥ˾Ժλү
⻰Щȡ
սȻ
ʱ
Ȼ⣬ǸɴشӦˡ
ǶսȻ룬˵ʲôҪ顣
ܲȥ
˾ԺսѾǰ鷿ˡ
ϥһ񣺡塣
Ͻ֣
漴ʵҺʲô飿
սָָӣλ£˵
һ£ֻ£ڡ
ս˵ʵģһֱϰҽ˲ջλ忴Կܲܰʲôæ
һ⻰Ǵ󾪡
սȻҪƣ
ǿɶѾмˣҽû취ѵܾȣ
˿ɲǼ򵥵С⣡
һۣüͷ
˵ľ͹ˣѾ׷ˣβã㻹Ǳ˼ˡ
ͷҲ˵Ҳǣ˺ܶǹҽĸҽҹˣûá
֪ǸúӣĲҪЩȻѾ£͸ð˼ڴ档
սͲµûôףóõ˵ǣλҪ۱ñԡʧˣԱ˵ҲǸľ鲻𣿡
ôһ˵ǲٷֻδӦ֡
˶սܰǵֽκãҪ֣ǵҲš
뵽Ѿ£սСС;ҪȥΣص˵Щء
սɲ룬ǴӦˣҪǼ顣
ֲֻ
սȸ忴ұۡ
ɴӣܿ¶ұۡ
սſұиǳѿ˰̡
ұϵˣսϰŵʱµġ
ȻûնϹͷȴҲն˲ּ죬ȻұסһȴǷˣʹ˶ֻǿÿӡ
˿Ȼϣȴ˷ǳªŤİ̺ۡ
սѧҽ꣬о顣
ֱϵİ̺ۣܲµʱ˵жء
Ϊ˿ϵòã˵סһɶϿ񾭺ͼ첢ûӺá
ֱһֱʹԵʡ
Ҫ뽫κã͵ðѴλĵطȫ
Ǹ൱ӵҲԶԶԽڵҽˮƽսʵ˵ֻš
жϳϸ˵ĵط･˾Ʒ
ֲ鿴ȡ
Ҫ˶ˣȻûɼ⻵ͽ֫ɺȲͬˡ
ǿ·Уսˡ
һ죬ͻʹ
ҪҪ򵥵öࡣ
սϸ֮ͬһƷ
һֱû˵Ϊ޼ƿʩˣֻǲ˼ڡ
˲Ϊѣ;
˵ûʲôϰˣ㲻þΪѡ
Ҳ˵ǰѧҽûãβҲѧֹͺãǲġ
˭֪սȴ˵Ǵԡ
˶٣ֽ˵̫̫㣬ҩݽţʱλˡ
ʱЩɵۣ㡭ѵа취
-

273 ȫĵ

սһЦûи׼˵е뷨Կܲڻ˵á
һոһ˲˻ȥ
ұ̫ϣ
սҲû˵ֱӰ˳ȥǰæܡ
Ҳü֪ϣ󣬽̫˾
ԶӦ˻ᱣܡ
սߺ󣬷ʱѾ磬ɴȥ̫̫
Դ̫̫ϻ̫̫͸˼Ĺأȫ˶Ƕ÷
ڶ£սһٶȥ̫̫÷
Ϊһûˡ
ȥûã¹ٷĶҲˡ
ɫ糣·ʲôûзû˲ʲô
ս̫̫ĦһŻ˾Ժ
ص󣬰ŷٴν˿ռ䣬ʼҩ
ջ죬Щҩ
ʱð崦ֱۡ
ȵǼЩģݽźͳҩָܻ硣
ǶֱۣҪϿ
»ö֪ԶϿ֮Ҫ˿ڼϣŲö
ҪһЩرҩ
ڣҩɾС
ҿռ󣬶˺ܶҩݣٶǴģҩЧҪͨҩݺõöࡣ
ƳҩЧҲúܶࡣ
սѾ˾ĳ㣬ԴһҲš
Ҫõҩֿʼҩԡͨʮ
ʱ䣬һζ
壬ù緹󣬾ȥս
Ƕսƶû̫ϣȥʱ򣬻Щš
ս׼ˡ
һó˶õݽͰݽš
Ͱպľ̿ȷڣͰҩˮһֱ΢̵¶ȡ
ݽͰЩݵϥλá
ǵһοͷպľ̿ݽͰЩˣ°ѽŸˡ
뵽ݽͰս׼ģֻװӣ͵͵ҧѽŷ˽ȥ
ͰҩˮЩ̣հѽŷŽȥͱ̵ñɫŬסˡ
һԣľսؿš
鶼ŤˣЩģû°ɣǲ̫ˣҪҸ˵һˣ
á񳤳³һŤıҲչЦʵͦġ
ԴǴζ˺˫һ˶ġ
ԸոշŽȥʱŻˮ̫ˣЩܲˡ
ûã;˫ˡ
װģ˿
ʱսһ˹ԱߵСϡ
ǱƵҩ峢
Сӵĺɫҩ裬ԥһ£ȥ
̲סģƵʲôҩ
ģ̱Ԫս˵ţóһСƿͷÿһţЧΣǾﲻһҪ˵
жˣ̫ˡ
ţսܰȻˣҩܲܶ
ΪȲôãҩģҪǲԣǰװ׹ֶŮһģ
սָ˻Ȼȵӹȥ󣬲ݽţʼ˫ġ
һԺؿš
տʼ֪սҪĵʱսá
˭֪ѧҽʱȻͦӵģѨλҵͦ׼
ֶŮҽȷʵ츳
岻̫ȷţŵؿսϰġ
ôһֱս꣬գգЩɬ۾
λԵȣȥЩ飬Ӻ롣
ս˵˳ȥȻؿռͨһ
ʱĲ࣬ԱץЩ
ȻôȻֱ۵ʱ鷳ء
ߺûôˡ
Щĵʣоôûоﲻ
ɵգգۣЩŵ˵Ҿá
Ͻ׷ʣʲô
Щȷ˵Ҿá˫ȺûǰôӲˣ֪ǲǴ
˵ģ˲Բ۾ŵؿ϶Ĵɣ˸ţһ£ôģ
οǼұѧһµҽûѧ˻˵ء
˵ǰڸӡ
ȻҲԼֶŮ϶ɻǲ̫ҷġ
˭֪Ȼ涯˽ָͷ㿴ˡ
崹ǶȥĽָͷܾе۾
һϣҶʲôʵ
ˣȻ˽ָͷӶ˰
-

274 ͱ

Ȼ˵Ļܲȴ⸴ӡ
Ϊսѧ˵ģҲѧЩƤëҽҽԶԶȡ
뵽ֶŮֱǸţ
úܣԴӱ󣬾ЩľӲ̫㣬ֻǿ·У˵ܲ
ΪȽʹֲ̫
ʱߵÿЩˤ
뵽½ţһأЧȻôͼӰ
ոճԵĵʲôҩҩɣ
ԽԽ𾪣ҲûΪʲôҩ
ֻս츳ãѧòݽţеЧ
ţЧʱģͲˡ
ִ˵Ļĸ
һֱû˵
ŵĵȴУʱ·üǺܿ͹ȥˡ
ֵ˭Ҳû뵽սûǰŸˡ
ŵ֪ܵܶսЩ棬ʹ
˭֪һͿڰϣ˫ϻ˺ܶ롣
һ£ܿ췴ӦǱģ
˵ͷЩ飺˵ϰҽЩջԿܲܰҺͶһΡ
⻰Ҳˡ
û뵽սĵӾȻô
ϴβŰһ˴˻Ұ˸Ȼˡ
ξȻ͸Ҷˣ
ŮĵҲ̫ˣ
Ҳ°λˡ
߹ȥĵ񣺡ڸоô˸֮⣬ʲôûоﲻ
̲ס˶ָͷ磬ҾۼұǸţĺҾ˫Ⱥûôľˡ㿴ָͷǰˡ
ſǶȥĽָͷһ㶡
ȻܾûмܵĽѾӣָͷȷʵеˡ
ŶʱЩţǱĹͣ
ǰ̲סֶһ½ָͷѧһµҽȻѧôã̫ˡ
һ̲סǣĹŮܲ𣿡
˵̲סļĳ˵ܣɵüӰѾöӡȲϱҲûǿ
ͦˣ⻰ƵҪۡ
ǵģ˸Ůҫˣ
ͱӣϧĻѾ£ٹþҪ޵Ժһˡ
⻰һͿŵɫȻˡ
⣬ͻȻ˵ģҪκãԺ㵱֤µĹ
ϵЦ˲佩Ӳ
Ÿ
챻ʰ
Ͻ˵磬Ǻòˣ㻹ǲҪ̫ϣȽϺáұСҾòܸ̫ѹǸء
˭֪˵꣬սʹ˽л˵ģûѹ
񱯷ߵؿ忴ˣ
սЦе߹ʱ䵽ˣ롣
˵꣬ذϵĽ붼εϸպúóһԴĴƿݽŵҩݽŵͰһȥÿһΣͲ½ˡÿһأٿ
֪˵ʲôֻһصͷл
ԭûϣ֮ĸо˫ȾȻ˲٣ĺôþȻһֱû䣬̲ס˼
սҩ˵Ȼȥˣ˫ȿԶٽѪͨ
ʶͷǣ塭ȥԡ
˵һۣԥһ£ǶŸ˵Ȼȥˡ
һԿţȥսаκ塣
⻰һ̳ս˹ȥĿƵģƺʮĴ𰸡
սаһ̾ûи׼ֻ˵㲻ȫκãӦҲܸƲ١
źԣȻЩʧ־ġ
ҪսֱӾ˵϶ܹκãǷš
ܸƾͺáŵ˵ͷͻȻʲôѵƣ
ս϶ص˵ͷȻͿʼˣţԻȻȥȻƵʱ򣬲κθš
Ų̫ȥҾͿԲ㣬ҲУ
СսЦеؿӦҲϣκɣ
Σֻ˳ȥ
ۿսҪţЩĵʣҪã
սһ£Ҫһʱȳȥ䣿
ҡҡͷãҾͷţ
ȥ䣡
-

275 췦

սŴ򷢵󣬾Ϳ塣
ʱЩţ㡭Ҫֱۣ㡭㡭ôΣ
սóһҩȳҩ
ԥһ˲ӹҩȥ
˭֪ҩڼ
ʱЩȣΪδԹġ
ƽռҩ裬඼ǽҩۺͷۻһӣԳԵʱζд
Ҳû̾ͻ
˭֪սҩ边ȫͬҲ֪ôġ
Ƭ̺̲סս
ȴʶԽԽ
Ŭ۾ɻǵֲסͻ˯⣬ֻǰһģ
Īģ˯һͺˡ
⻰峹ʧȥʶ
ս̽⿪Ļ󣬰ȥ
ѸסѪʼ
⣬ƽСϣŻڿĬĬΪսš
ű뵽˸ڷ䣬Ͻصȡ
˲㣬Ȼ˼ԣ
ֿΪű˵ģ
Ҫǵʱõһ£˵ֱ۶
ñסСұȴǷˡ
Ϊ²ڣۼӶ˹٣ŻǾöԲסܵܡ
ҹ֣ܶȡ
ϧûʲôá
˵Ǿˣ췦
սͻȻҪ֣ץӸεġ
ϣκã־òܡ
Ͼսѧһµҽʱ̫ˡ
ֻôŵʱ̲ס˱սȻᣬìܡ
ҲûˣɻǱսȻˡ
ǲҲκ壿
ô롣
⣬ܱ̫ϣ
žôϰ졣
ɰˡ
ġ
ˣսһ
ϸͻ֣ᷢսҪһЩõҲһ
⣬⳵սֽϵҲ
չǰ滹鲼ס˳ˡ
˵ܹһЩǿС
ɰֱӴ˾Ժڽȴһ˳
ɰһ㶣ǡ
ʱɰӳ˳߹ȥϥһ񣺡ū澼ү
ǰЩӹ˵رɽǱкܶţߡ
ǹҹϹģΪùЩӿū澾Ͷ˻
⻰ЩȣȻˡ
ؿɰǳƵСɣʱΪʲôˡ
СɣȻᣬҲ
ʳ򣺡ղģɾóأ
ʵˣɰǵٴҲοսסľԺ
Ҳûú£Цһˬʡ
غүĻ⳵ʵɣҪүԣСһȦܸܣ
⡭ŲЩԥսͷֱۣ߿
ʱ߹ŵ˵ү԰ɣ˵ˣҪһʱܽҲǸż
˵ǳɹˣͿרȻƹ㵽ȫʱȫܶվܶһݻɡ
˲侪סˣȻôģ
ΪսΪ˸Щһ˭֪Ȼ˳ԶֱӾ뵽˽ƹ㵽ȫ
ԽԽľͬʱЩ
û뵽˳Զ
ոҲֻǾСɱ°ˡ
뵽Ȼƹ㵽ȫЩյľҵ⡣
ɰƺ𾪣ͽ͵Կʡţķá
ҳֱӿƳҪٿţͷȵҲҪȫöࡣ
⻰Ȼס
ţϾǶһ˴̼Ϳܷ
ʱڳ˾ͻΣա
򼴱ƴҲδܹţס
Ͳһˡ
ܣȻõľ⡣
ߣٶȻȲɳ˶࣬Ͳ̫ܵ죬Ȼײˡ
ôһٶҲûʲô⡣
Ͼǿ
ڳܻУҪǳǵĻʡ
ȻԶˣ˵϶Ǽֲס
ų˼һܿˡ
ȫרΪƵģ
Ǽ۸ʣֻ¾ѰգҲԸ⻨Ǯһ̡
ǼҪȥҽݵʱ
ȻҪöࡣ
ԽԽοұȻǳϢˡ
Ȼܿ͸˲ˡ
-

276 ѣ

ŸյûãͻȻһ
ұٹþҪ޸
˲˲ˡ
ŮۿžҪˣʲôø˵ģ
Ůٺã󻹲ǱǸ˵
¾;ܡ
ʱɰ˵ﻹ˵ٹþǴǡڴ֮ǰһ賵Сʱ򣬸Ͽľô࣬˶Ըһ
һ£ǣ
ɰͷǰү˵Щһģ϶Ը
𾪵ؿԴϹʺá
ȵȣ磬ôõģ
⻰⻰Ů˵ģ
ǲʵǸŮӣ
Ůô˵ģ
ɰû𾪣ʵүҪ⳵𣿡
ţ
ĬƬ̣˵ͷǾ͡Ǿ԰ɡ
óȥ磬侲侲
Ȼ̫ˣ
žȥתת
̼ϳ
һȥЩӦ
Ϊ̫ˣ
б˽ǶȣȥȻȻؿͷԵøȵ
⳵Ǹս׼ģʺͿλöһƤӣͷ޻
޻ýʵͷȾʣֲģû֧š
֮ǡô
ΪսƵģŸոȥʱ򻹾߯˵㣬е㲻Ӧ
Ȼûã;Ϳʵ
ʱʵүҪ
žȵӣǾաɡ
Сذӡ
ſ߻Сɵ񹴣ýӹס
үˣС·ˡ
һܿų
Ÿһ£ٶȾǲ
ֺش˳ƺһ¡
Ȼ⿪סĵط󣬳ſӾȥ
ʱ䣬Χһȫ
Ŷʱ˼⳵ʺ;
ǰЦү˵ûСҲôš⳵̤;Ƿúܡ
⻰뵽⳵ǱŮģ̲סԺ
̲סʵ⳵ר𣿡
רһ˵ھѾİǸС֪ܶ
Ȼúܡ
֮ЩڣԼʴˡ
֪أ
룬⳵Ȼ֪
ܿ˻ѾˣСʹɰˣȻĶҰѳ
һ㶣漴Ȼ
ĳҲйأȡ
ع𴽽ǣͻȻ˸
ֱӳȥɣͻȻЩûȥˣóȥơ
СүˣСʹתת
˷ܵӦһ˵þ͸нһ
ųȥĶ
һȥ״Ԫ¥䡣
ֻǵ״Ԫ¥Щڣû˼
Ϊһ佫ɲô顣
ܶĵطʵǴס
˵ˣȥ̫ƽݰɡ
ţǱ˶࣬ȥʲô֡
Ҫǣȥûв۵˵ŮĻ
̫ƽܡ
·ϵ˿ǣ̲סͣش
ŵŶȣǴûκβڡ
սʱô˿ͱ˿ϰˣСʲô
ģΧ۵ԽԽࡣ
ž̫ƽҲԽԽ
ʱͻȻ˹
һ˵ĳ˲׹
ЩԾ;裬Ϊ˾Ȼǽѡ
סӸµؿţǺ棺ôʲôҲ̫С˰ɣ
̧ۿûΪǽӳ˵¡⳵ȻСȴʮɡ
صҲˣ⳵Ҫţ˾Ϳܣȷʡ¡
ʵͦ棬̲סӲͦ㣬̫Сˣһ㶼
ЦЦ˵û⳵ȷʵ̫СЩ䲻ϵݡ
⻰ܾЩڡ
ɿһʶ˵˼
˶٣Ȳʣ⳵Ǻүģ
ͦģӦúɣ
ԱֵôˣǲǸñʾʾ
̷ˣ⵹ǡ
˸ţҲ֪иܵܣȽŲ̫㣬̫ˡ
СŮ⳵ƽ㡣
ϸˣΪر£սķͷѾ̫Իǵ͵ЩȽϺá
Ļµñ̫ɻ䡣
˵һТģ˭Ҳ
뵽ȣʱȻ
ͬʱЩģսð
-

277 ܾ

һ̲סЩڴ
ǳ̵׵ܵܣսԺɩӣǲǸöܵܣ
ƳһۣԼ˵û
Цſĸ˵ûСɩӹȻǸТĿɼεġ˸Ů
Ц۾Ȼ⻰ǳá
˹֣ԼǣҲԼ˸Ů
ѿЦһԺʱЩ
ʲôԺģ
ڿ
ҫʲôѽ
˸ùŮ
ߣŮٺãҪ޸ˡ
غһ͵͵ַɿջſʲô
ýɶô
СƳ
Ųϡ
ЦеذѳѵСȫûҪߵ˼ֻȸǣ£Ͳˣ¼£ȸˣ
ЩˣȴҲùֻõͷӸµؿųˡ
ۿǳųܣյŶڳϣͻȻЩ
һתȥҳ̸״
æ
Ϊڶ̫ܶණ׼
Ϊ˲û̫ᣬһֱæ¡
൹ҹҪĶ
æüˡ
Щûˣͦϰߡ
챾ʹȥҳ̣·ŴǸ⡣
ֻǼźͺܲʹˡ
ΪеĺöȻûУθ˵
սǲиСˣôǵֺأ
ҪˣֺʲôãֺҪģ
˭֪Ĺϵã
Ѻܿҵ˳̣ʱ򣬳æ
һȥߺ磬æʲôأˣ
̵ɫ˲Щڣ̧ͷõؿŴĳѣûʣôˣ
ѺƤ˵ҵȻ㰡Ҫæ磿æ
Ҫ
ܾæﵹæ࣡
ѶʱЩΣܾ̾Ҳ̫ɴˣôӻ
ǳƬ̣ɴҲȦˣֱӾصʵ˸磬֪·Ͽ˭𣿡
̲ؿһۣ㿴˭ˣ
ܲսɣʱ䣬ӦòŲŶԡ
ڳǰǲزסµģܿ˵϶벻ҿˣŸֵСȻܣ
ô£˵ǳաɩӸģ
һƭˣɩӸĳôȥˣ
һսģЩ⣺ΪԳǳʲôǵܣ
͵صͷȻˣѵһƭ𣿲ǳ߯СˣһСɣ
˵ʱˣ·Ҫĳ˲һ
Ȼ̴С᲻ӣ
һѵ񣬾֪ʲô
ѵĻͲµҪǳˡ
ط˸ۣȻô˵ʲôҪ̫ˣҺú
˲ɵۡ

ŲҪ
磬㲻ɩе𣿡̴򱧲ƽ޸ˣʱҲû˵ʲô͸㣬ôأ
Ҳ˵ˣ޹ˣѵܵһ𣿵޸ɾûôõĻˡ
һ¾֪ս뵽Ժ󲻷ؼңŻڳǰΪЩʲô
Ҫ鶼⣬̫СЩ
ðɣȷʵС
µսôԭ򣬳̻Ǿ⡣
ûóѿ
ѵҿ̫ˣϴ¶Ļֲ𣿡
˲飬ͬʱЩϴ¶£ˣȥĶ飿
̲Ҫôÿǵ£ңˣϿжǳѾǶӡô޸㣬ͲҳĻ֣𣿡
߷ӣҵ룬Ļֲǲ鲻𣿡
û㲻ȥ飬ȻԶ鲻飬첻ˣܲ鵽˿
ѱѵ࣬ﻹסϽˡ
УȥĻ֣ˣ
̿Ƶܳȥмһ򴽣ձ㻹Ǻģ
嶼ôģôͲ֪ǵδ
ȴ֮󣬿ôʰѾͷ

սͻȻ˸硣
ǰʱܿˡ
Ȼ˵Ҫʲô
ֱ۱񾭺ͼ½Ӻãݲðء
ս磬ּ
ֻЩֵֹģոյĸ˵ڱ
-

278 ׷

սɵۣȴûж롣
Ͼֱ۸ΪҪ
æµʱʱǹø졣
֪ʱֹȥһʱ
⣬ڽصȡ
ȥ̫ƽһֲ˻۲ر£˵رɽش̫ãռ׬˵ġ
Щ˿󣬶ûۡ
һûʲôرģû˼ͻˡ
սûãʵûġ
ѹסһԺתȦ
䣬ֻ϶ûУȻ֪Ҫϡ
Ŷ֪Լת˶Ȧʱڿˡ
ս˳
һͳǰû°ɣ۲ۣͷôã˰ɣ
սգգۣЩ
˵꣬ƽ֮ǰȥСԵȥˣūȥ
ʵҲе˵
ԣǳʱȥСԵɣ
սͷǴӦˡ
ɲƽ֣⿴ء
ƽߺֳ￴һۡûЩģ
˯ȥˣ˯ɣȻȻѡ
˵꣬Զ˳Ե
սһ𣬲ǹ壬ʵûθڣȽȥˡ
ȥŷֱ֣ϰ׻ӲģȻһʯ࣡
̲סСӲȣˡ
ʯ߯Ӳˣֱ۸ϣԺҪôȡ
ȡʱҪǲСֱۿô죿
ʵǲģֻȥս
ս࣬ŵ󣬲ģģֱҪһʱաֻҪʱҸҩġ
죬һţûĴ
սҲһ⣬ˣʱ뷨Ӻˡ
ûٶ˵£˵ˣǸɰģǰ˵ǹƵġһ£ͦ˵㻹㿪У
ս⻰۾Ц㣬ȻѾ˳ɰӦð˼ӽˡ
ϾʱǲˣøϽЩȻɾ͸ϲϴǵĺʱˡ
üѾˣǵͲ˵ˣͺá
սͷš
ſڳԶӦˣûٶ˵ʲôĵѹ
սûã˹
ѵʱһԣ۾˵СЩǧұ߸첲
ЩãգգۣһŸܵұ߸첲Щ֡
̧̽һŷұ߸첲ϾȻһȦʯֱ࣬ģûʲô֪
ϸϸһ£ǱǰҪ⡣
ʱЩʧ
뵽սͻСѧҽʱҲ̣ȻʧҲ
սûѯʣ͵ȱģʯֻʱģֱۻָһʱ䣬Ϳ԰ȡ
ֱ۸ոƹܱȽľ죬ָġ
ЦЦԭ
ȴûʲôϣ
ս˸Сҩƿͷҵҩÿһţ԰ָǧˡ
ã岻ģлˡ
ˣͳɡ
ֶܹܲŮһġ
˵ͳҩЪһͻȥˡ
Ϊֱϴʯ࣬زס
ӵģ˸ţ˵սƺ󣬸о˲١
˭֪ӵϲ˵ҪлսһھΣ֪ʧ
ֻš
ڶ죬ȥ˲٣˵ֱϾɼҪڼ
ֱ۲мͲܣְλУսҪ޸˾ȻԸӣû˵ʲô
һ죬嶼磬ĵ֪Ժô߼ࡣ
һߵģһ͵͵עʱʱҪ͵͵оô
˭֪˵˫ԽԽãݹźҹˣ
˵ͬʱ̲סЩĽ
ֱ۾Ͳˡ
ɡ
͵͵̾
˭֪ڵʱͻȻֱϺܲԾ
ǰľʧо˺ܶ࣡
ʶָȻ𾪵طָ֣ȻĶˣ
˵ǰָҲܶġ
Ǹоȫһ
ǰֱһֱľΪֻ첲׷ˣ
뵽Ȼһ죿
Ǵ쿪ʼ͵͵עԼұ
ˣ͵͵ָ
һȥָȻԽԽ
صĶ͵͵ϰÿӼлס
-

279 

͵͵ÿϰʱһʼر͸ǰһ
˭֪һȻԽԽ˳֡
̶ܼ
͵͵۶ϰ۶ˣ
ֲɵģʱﻹв׵ģ
ֵǺתˣ
ûºòתָ֣ˡ
ֱֻʯʵЩ¡
ϸ룬Ǿȥս
սͲµҹԿʱһ㶼û⡣
ЩȲһʵ㿴ֱʯʲôʱܲ
ʱ򣬾սϴθƣҲŹȥˡ
սȰȱ𼱣ñѸ
ѹָ֪úܲ
ֻʯ໹ǲȡ
Ȼ忴ֱϵİ̺۲ˣŸ
ššüָòʯ໹ٴһʱ䣬ֱָ
˵λСۣʯֻСͷûаסơ
ǿԻ
սмʱ䲻ֱ۳׻ָԺ
Ȼ⻰𾪻ˣʲô˼ѵ˵ֱۡԺ
սüͷܹȫָĻӦÿԡ
ȫָٴξģڻɣ
ֱۡȫָ
Ͳ룡
ָָܹѾܸˡ
ֱȫָҲ̫ˣ
ԻÿĻָսûҰѹȫԼϣ͹˵ҪܹȫָҲǶãǶ
ԽҪСģԺ˯ãмǵðʱҩֻֿЩɵĶźתת̫ؾС
ϲ̵شӦУˡ
ĶֱۿָܻľϲﻹҪõʯࣿ
ֻҪ첲ܺãһʯҲԸ
մӦƽͽˣɰˣͷ
⻰Ͳµɰ϶ս£˵Ȼ㣬ǶȻȥˣ㱣أˣ̫ˡ
սɵص˵ͷš
Ȼʹɰ鷿
ɰɿұϵʯּ࣬Ц˲²⡣
ʶַɿ֣սȥ鷿
սһȥʵôƳˣ
ɰ̻˻ū澰չķԸ˺üԺӣ˲
˷ֹҹϹѾƳʮȵǵʱӦܹﵽϰ١
Ϊ˹ÿֻҪԼһݣȻܿ졣
㲿ͳһƴװ
ҹϹƳʮҲϡ档
սͷ⣺У԰ѳпˡѵˣ𣿡
ģݶǲģ⡣Ҳ˵˻˰æţ֤û˸ҡ
ǿУȫȻҪ⣬а
ȻҪ£Ҫ˳е
ɰ˶˵ӻ˵ȳпһͬչ⡣
սЦЦû£ǰȱǮ϶Ը
Ͼǳ޹ʲ񱼡
Ҳ̫
ǳ̺ͳѣݹߣֻҪȥп񱼣ʷҲҶ˵ʲô
˾Ͳһˡ
ͷ˴඼ѫ޷Ϯͽ
Ȼ̫ȱǮ
Ŀ̫󣬿Ҳ㡣
Ȼͳ֮ѡ
пԿˣʱȻһƬˡ
ռ꣬״Ԫ¥ͷȰһ˵͡ʣµģԼѡ
˵طͲģҪģ룬ͨ˲С
ÿ룬ӦĳҲǼǺáԺͶߣʲôʣҲˡ
ɰǦʺСӣɿż¼дͷģū澶ˡɻʲôԸ
սɴժˣҿָΡ
ɰԥһ˲Сժɴ
սüͷѰ̺ۻˣ
ɰʱǣ֮ǰ˵ҩܹⶾ̣ٽ˿ϡ
ū澾Сһ£˸Сӡ淢ƺָø죬͡
ֻˣ
ǡɰͻȻū𷣡
ôű𣿡ս̾˿㵹ǶԼݵģɡ
ֲܹ֮ԾΪɰ˰̺õ̫졣
ԭôġ
սͻȻʵĻдˣ
-

280 ɰĳ

ɰ֣ЩӲ
ֲɵսô˵֪϶ǲµʲô
˸ˣū澡Ļδд꣬Ҫ𣿡
Ǿ͸ҿɡսЦݼЩ֪ʲôԵʣôҲȲҪκ
ɰҩ࣬ȻЧǳиص㣬ܽӴ˿ڣǳۡ
ɰһγԵʱ͸֪
ѡּİ취ɼȲҪκ
жʱˣ˵ôֻ̫òǰıֲƽ
ҪָòбԵʡ
ĳޡ
Ȼ̽Ѱ˵˽ûʲôȤɰΪ˳޾Ȼ˳嶯Ͳò⡣
ɰֵ£ֵ鲻١޳ͷԣǾͲʺٸˡ
֪ɰĳ˵˭
̽͹ʱ֪֪ɰĹȥ
սһ̵ļνӴóȻԵЩȴǻ鷳ġ
ԣҪôɰ˳̡
Ҫôǳ̾Ĺȥʲô
ɰܿ콫дõĸȡ˹
սޱؿʼԽԽǾȡ
Ů˹ɰˣΪ
ĸǸ佫ĸ֪֮Ů
ΪĸһʼֻһŮһֱϤĽ̵˫ȫ
սѵĶӣ׶һ
˲Ը赶ŪǹսɱУҪƾ١ͻ˼ȥѧ
˸ɰ÷һ𳤴󣬿˵С޲¡
ڿź󣬾Ȣɰɰ¡
ʱ츸ֻɰһŮĸȻ֪ǧȴó񣬾ӪټҲơ
ȵ˰֮ҵһȻɰ̳С
˭룬ɰײãĸ׾ȻУ
һӣ
˵ʱʹˣĶЩֻҪúˣҲܸһ
ǺС͸ɰһ㲻ܳΪ佫Ҳǿƾٵĺӡ
츸ĸ˶ӣɰһףͲڼ
ʱܻܵСĸҪչˡ
ڼ꣬ȵܴܵٳޡ
δʱڴӦˡ
ڼʮųޡ
˭֪ڳ޵ĵܾܵͲˣ
ʱΪ˶ңݹúȥϲ֪ܵȥ
ֻϲŵʱͻȻͿ״˽мܵܡ
Ȼûм
ͳˡ
ܵʧ٣ﻹ˼ȴҹ
ɷҲذæѰҡ
һֱûҵ
ֱºںһĿȫǵͯʬ塣
ͯϴܵܵ·һ۾˳
츸ĸԺֱӲˡ
ɰòؼչĸĸ
˭֪ĸһûٺ
ĸײضŸҲѰ˶̼
ɰ쳹ˡ
ֻдսãӦòǹؼ
ɰݡ
ޡ
Բ˲£ͲµǸʲôĹ¡
˵ɰλ÷ֱʡ
һ£Ͳ³˹ؼĳˣӦľ֮һ
ɰݺһ˵ͷǡ
ܲԾҧ˵ġ
Ǻ޵ˡ
սЩ棺α𣿡
ɰҧҧԥһ˲˵£֤Ѿū澴֡
ū澷Ŀūڡū澴Сŵȭţҵһ
ӳȥū澾ж˹ȥ˼ū澣ʱѾء
շת£ū澲лȥ
Ȼһūм֮˼ٰū澣ö֮ؼ̳ҵһС
Ϊ˸ϿǶ˾ǡū澣Ȼ鱩¶뷽跨ūڡ
ֻҪˣʵʵ֤
սȻѾµɰô˵ʱ򣬻̲סͬ
˵ԼҲǿǸɰѾҸ̫ࡣ
ɰȴʧȥλף÷ɷҲɽǡ
ѹֺô
ս㼱κҲǴݣûһУ
˵Ҳǽ֮㵱ū澣Щίˡ
ū澲ίɰŵùڵϣܹΪ£ū澼ĸ֣ū澴ί
治ί
ҪǸսдչȭŵĻ᣿
ϾŮӣߵ̫࣬ûûʲô
ֻսܹõá
սκ֮£
-

281 ر

սһЦȻѾ˾ȰѻӡˢС
Ȼ֪˾ǣҲס⻰˵Ӧòѡ
ɰ⻰ֽ
Ϊս˵ˣȷôƻġ
Դӵ֪˵˾ԺһֱСĶţָơ
ûнȥҲ뷽跨ڴ֮ǰ
ǵ֪ţȻңʧ
ʱ򲻹ɽǽҿУӦԵļƲߡ
ɰȴЩȷսֻ𣬻ô
˿֤ҷģū֪ô˹
սһۣ㲻ôţҼȻȥ޳㱨
ָıңĹεĶǵе˹٣ǿ˰գ
˶˵ȥɣ⻰δд굹Ҳ޷Щղܡ
뱨ԣĲҪסæͼƻã
ʱգܶ鶼鲻ãӦס
ɰæ˵ūףȻｫףҵ֪ɻбķԸ
սʱûˣȥɡ
ɰɴսһ񣺡ū澸ˡ
ߺս򴽣ɫЩ䡣
ղŵȷڹôɰ
ǵȼɭϵĹŴƽȵִ
вͿܰȫ۽ȥ
ִͻ̣⣬ȴҲΪС
ɰͦҲǸġ
ǲôô򣬷ȥһɰĵԽԽԺ˵Ҫǳʲô
νġ
Щ̰һʼҲ̰̫࣬һġ
Ȼλӣµ˾Ͳ̫
ó¡
ҲôԵô
ɰ֮𣬲ܲ
ȿŰɡ
ս룬Ǿ˵һɰϾǳˣ鷳綪̡
ܿд˷ţƽȥмһҪֽ˭Ҳܸô˵
ƽһ£ܿȥū
ߺսֶ˿ռ䣬ͨ
ͨһʱʱѾȥһʱ
ƽҲˡ
սһţͼ˽
ոæʲôأū澺˺ü㶼û
˵ˣϰҽʱ򲻵ô𣿡
սؿһۣܿʵ˵ʲôˣ
ƽ£˵Ŷū澰չķԸ԰Ž
֮˵֪ˣ˶šù㲻õģڼұ޾ǡ
սһ̾Ȼô˵ɫЩ䣺ڼұޣ˵
ȴ죬ǵô½н㲻ɣ
ˣȥɣ˵ȥ
ū֪ˡ
սţȻ˵˻˿ţˡ
ֻΡ
ڶ죬ɰͰսķԸóпҵˡ
ʱôɼǵ滨˼飬ûз¡
Ҫ֪ǸţƬЩͲ١
ɰܹþôóпҵɼĲ
ȻҲٲ˳̵Ĺ͡
ҪУҪ͢ɲС
ôųڳȥû˹ܣ
£еҲǳ̰ŵˡ
ھػأϺõ߸̽ӡ
ôõĻᣬҪǶ֪ãҪɳǲпӡ
ʵ֤̾ǸС
пҵ죬̾͸ۣŻʺ̫ӷֱ
һⶼֻõĶõӣ滹˾ƣģþǳ
ܳСɣһ;ø߶˴ϵΡ
ؼǣۺŻʺ񣬾̫Ӷˡ
ɾϡˣ
˭̸֪̫ӳֵ֮ܲͣȻ̫Ƕͷһ⣡
ۺŻʺ֪Ϣʱͦ𾪣̲ס
˼ȥ°ϵĺĥѲǿҪ飬СӸ˵ûͷˣ
ŻʺοˣЦظź˵̶ǳˣ
ߵĸ⻰̲סЦԶ˵ɼҵۿžҪ飬ɲǳ𣿡
˶˵¶ҲТ˳أʲôöҪ͡
ū⳵ɱ£βȥ԰䣿ū˵Ѿѿ
Żʺ󱾾ЩĶ⻰͵˵ͷǾȥơ
̫ӿųĳüͷ
-

282 ܳʵ

̫Ӻܾᡣ
˶ܾȻ̫ˡ
ܾʲôı
ͷѾϸ⳵κβס

˵˶Ϊܹ飬̫ˣ
̫ӾãǾѵõ
ﶼˣܲ˻ȥ
ͱµСԥã̲ס
һ̫ӻǾԡ
͵͵ԣ˿϶֪
̫ӹߵǰ׼ȥ
ߵĸ̫»״סһֱͼı󣬴˷ͻȻʵڿɣʲôͼı
̫һЩԥ
תһ룬־óӦòԡ
⳵Ѿϸʲô⣿
ɫһԴǵ˵ѵø񣬹ܹһ⣿˻ᣬܲˣ
˵ȥ
ʱ䣬̫ò̾
ƽʱĲ̫Ϊ̫ӣÿζΣˡ
СȥֱӾͿסˣҪԼͱ֧ʵ
ܻǻܣ
̫ţԸ˿ʼ
ƽʱ̧ģͦΪѾϰ̫ӵأɵúܡ
ֻǲˣ³£ֻųߣû
ˣȫ飬̫˵ҲΪرˡ
ǰǱ̧ߵģ֮䲢رȵܻЩҡΡ
ڳﱻߣһӾȵˡ
ٶȶ˲١
ĺ
ҪǣҲΪضĻھˣ
̵̫ڳƽһξãиܻܵǺܲġ

ڣ̫ڴϣոմ̽ϢϲСϲӣ̫ʲô
ϲһСͷ˵ϣصµĻ˸̫ӵһ̫ӵº棬ڡԳ
Գ⻰Щ߬סıӣƴԼ侲
ϴζ̥̫ҽ˵ٶ̥ȻԶ̫ﲻá
ţܶŭ
˺һžúЩ
ֻ뵽̾Ȼ̫̲סġ̫еʧԺҪô죿
ȥ»˵̫Ҫ
ū
ϲ˿Ѹ˳ȥ
ҿû̥Ҫˡ
ҵ̫ӵʱ̫ӻڳϡ
һ𽲻̫óϹȥ
֪һ̥Ҫҵ飿
Ͻ
һܣƾ͸ˡ
⳵ٶȿɱȲˣ
Ȼûã̫Ӿ͵˽⡣
߽ֱߵߣ𽣬㲻̫ҽأΪû̫ҽ
𽱾ѣ̫ҽ
ϴζ̥ѾۺŻʺ֪ˣŻʺôü䡣
ҪƵ̫ҽһۺŻʺĶο
Цȴݵ˵ʲô󰭣û̫ҽ
˶٣ؿ̫ӣ檾ǵġ
̫Ӳ⣺ڵʲô
Сع۲ɫ˵˵˳Գ͡ЩĲ¡
̫Цԭڵû£ǳѾԹˣ˸һԺҪȥתתҲ
𽣺
ϵЦ˲ЩӲ£Ȼ࣬Ҳ֪ڣǼ鼴
вͻȻͳǡ
˵̫ӵɫܲÿͿ޵£֪Щûɶܡ
ɵǳ檵ķǳ檺ͺʵڵģǵиһܶ
˵Ѿĵؿ
̫ԭЩ޵ﻹ
æο𽣬˼롣ʺĸڣܲʱġ
Ȼ˵ܹܵϵϣҲ֪Ǿ³çĴ
ʲŸλãδȡ
ܾٵ̫֮λҲʱ¶֡
οǹģΪ£ܱȻѴ̡
Ե֮߱٣ʿĹ̫֮λ
ǸʣҲ
̾Ҫ̫֮λҲܹض¶֡
̫ԣֻ˵һǧ˰١
ϧǸŮӣô򵥵ĵҲ
̫ź̾˿οģΪͺҲúõģ
˵ֻòٶ˵ʲôǰڴĴǡ
δǣǶǶԽ˵ǳؼ
ʱҪսţ
-

283 㣡

뵽Ĵǣоڴ
游ѧǰ¹Ժɽ壬鲼¡
ڰ¹ԺѧľӴŸ߰˶Ȼܹڴ˴δǰé
ʱ򣬲¹Ժ룬̫Ҳ档
ȵЩ볯Ϊ٣ĺô͸ˡ
βڴ
뵽£ͻȻͲˡ
սЩƱΣ
һʱˬˡ
ô鱦˵ǸױǽЩ˳̵֮
սѾжӣ̲ΪȢ
ȵϼ꣬ս͸÷ˡ
ˣΪֵʸûС
αظעк³Ŀ˼ƽϣ
𽽥뿪ͳҲˡ
ֲɵ᲻ף̲ôض̫¶֣
޷˵սֿеϢи̰ˡ
뿪Ҳøսˡ
˵ˣҲװ˷˴õĻᡣ
ʵؿ̫ӣеظһԳ̫Ӻý˺ü֤󣬲΢ЦĨȥۣȰ̫ȥ
̫ߵʱ򣬶Խ̫ⲻѡ
ֵЩɺͲ죬·δڹ
ЦĿȥֱˣϵЦҲûʧ
ĸˡ
ϴΪЩر̥£̫֮˴̡
ܵó̫ӶЩ
ץס˻ᣬ̫ӱǰӣûЩȫ˳
Ȼе鷳
ڵãֻҪ̥ŴǣС̫ˡ
սչֻǸԶҲԽȥ
֮ǰħˣȻô򵥵ĵ͸̫϶
Ѿûˡ
뵽³һ漴ϲ濪˳У
û˵˭ϲһͶˡ
ϲСЦū˵ֳ̼λչﲻд֣ϲЩ̼֮¡
˵Ǹŵڳǿ̼֮⻰ЦҲֻʣˡôȻԼͭҲЦ
˶٣ɺˣ˵ˣˣΪСݲ
ϲһ⻰̴ؽ˿սͳе¡
ܻ˵֪ƢԣܻĻģûһͰüЦ
Ȼ˭Ҳ֪ʹͷңʽҵﲻٵطӰ
Щڿջ¥ͷȺһ˾ͻòѯǷҪ
ΪСɱ£Ǵδܿ˲Χۡ
˼ۣòģһ
֮ǰ˶ֹǡ
Ȼ֮󣬾ֻʣˣ
ôƣƽٶȻͦ졣
ؼģﻹԷǿʹԵķ羰
ɱöˣ
̬ȻͦؼǼ۸Ҳ
ҵȻһ죬ȻֻҪˣͲԼ·ġ
ʵɬ˭Ըأ
ڶʱѾҪͣ˾ͻ
ȥ¥һ٣ߴӾ¥˳ģ϶Ը⻨Ǯ
ҪϾ¥ģӶˣʱﻹԸԼ·
ûǮϾ¥ģȻǵ㳵Ǯ
ߣھ¥ԱˣǳԵǴ󸹱㣬ȻҲԸٱۡ
ܹѵ֪ԲͬĿˣδ
ǿ˼Ҫȥ¥ģǾͻܵÿЩ
ǴӾ¥ģǾͻܵһЩð˸ˡ
˳Ҳ˿ˡ
ӪҵԸ˳˵ԽԽࡣ
ԭĳⲻãкͬŸչ˳е⡣
ȳпҵŷ֣ĵȫ˲˵׬˲顣
Ϊ֮Ҳϲ⳵
ȻҪ褵Ĺϵڣƾŷɥﻹгͷͣ
ʱ˶ڳϣҪҪԼȶǶඪݣ
ǣ褾ôĪ׬˲顣
ġ
Ϊս˳У˸쳵˽˶ơ
Դھ֮󣬲ټҾʵĴ˼Ҷڼ
Щ˼˵ȻԼĳӷġ
ǿɲüŮͷĳ
ӽ£˼ҿɲ١
Ҫģų˳ӡ
ǰõɲЩô
ǣ褾ͱһͬŸˡ
-

284 ͵͵ҩ

褻صҵʱѾӵ
Ϊʵ̫࣬쳵Ǳ߸æ
ЩҲûֱӦ£սѯʣ쳵ǱǲѾ˲ٶù𣿡
սһ㲻ģްٻѾ˳ȥ쳵˲µĹˣæġ
һ£
ս͵ǰǳгʲôģһкܶ㲿鷳ֿҪ򵥵öࡣȥٶȾͿˡ
˿ԭˣһ쳵æˡ
˶٣̲סЦЩ˵ạ̊́㻹û޵Ǿϸֺ㡣
ɲֺ
ѾרҲ
ǾЩ˼ңĨӣԸ⡰ͬۡȫս쳵˶
˭֪ôඩ϶æ
ǻûлط
Ϊʲô
ֺսȷе˵ֺ̣
ЩˣЩĨӵЦ
һżӣЦⲻмӡ
Ժ˶һǲźЦء
ۿսůľѿ
ٹã;棬ЩûģɾֻĽˡ
褳ţȴû˵
սҪޣЩ飬ȻûҪ˵졣
ֻ뵽֮ԽԽսҪ褾;ⲻʹ졣
ұǸСأôͼأ
˿ɲʲôöԺҪ۸ô죿
ԽԽģƫƫʲô˵
ûֹⳡ£˵ܣ
ˣóԹɫóԼ˼
սҲûƳЩʲô
褵ĻЦֺõĿɲңûϵ
Ժ֪˭
⻰ֻǿջЦ̲ס˵ģԶáҪ۸㣬͸ң磬ƴҲᱣȫ
սû뵽Ȼ˵һЩ졣
ϸ褣ŷ褵Բ̫Ծ
ô˵ǵ۸ˣ
ս̲סЦãҼסˣ㲻ôţܱԼ
ţ
սڿһɵӣ֮סҵĻͺá
θҸã˵жأ
սţʹǮóһöӣȻһִ˴꣬˼׶
Ȼ̯֣չʾ褿㿴ܱԼ
𾪵ؿļ׶Ӷˣǡ
ս˵ŶûʲôȽϴ󡣡
Ȼ褵棬ְǸ׶Բˡ
һܴģ
Ƚϴ
͵͵ҩ˰ɣ
սЦеذǿŴԲڣԷ˰ɣ
ʶסȴӲúܣܴԲģ
𾪵ؿսЩɵʣôôҼǵǰ㲻ġ
ս˵ǣȻ˵ҴСϰ䣬ͱѰҴǴˮҿǶ͵͵˺ܾãҩ
⻰˲սǴˮӡ
뵽սˮԭкⷭڣսĺҩ¡
սϽ⣺磬ܴù𣿡
褣⻰զأ
Լã뵽ʵʵû취ؿԼȥѻʯ
ɿһЩڵ˵ʵѾڸ֮ϣԡԺǧǰ֣֪𣿡
սûþȣͷˡ
Ǹֹӣԥһ£ûмȥ
ܸܲڵʵѾܹſ˰ɣ
ոֻչʾһͰŵӶˡ
Ҫ֪ʵҪðƻˡ
Ͻ⣬ڻ£ֱˡ
ȴû褿ȥıӰüͷԽԽ
һд˵ǡ
ȻռβԸӻԽԽˡ
·һգ۵Ĺʱֻʣ졣
ʱѾҵء
̼רȨ
Ϊ̼̫࣬ר˾òᡣ
ΪǡĻҲȻ״Ԫ¥ܡ
-

285 ЫĳĶ

״Ԫ¥Ŀǰ鲻࣬ȴܲ
ΪرŻݣԸ䡣
ǡеʱ״Ԫ¥˺
ϻǸŮӵıӰȺԼֳظС
Ůϵ·ȾѪƺڰʾĳֲ¡
˿֮󣬾Ͳضԡǡݳ˺档
սɰģ֮ɰ˻ʦôһ
˵Ǻʵһֻǻдšǡ֡
һŵļϣչͳơ
ԱߣĿƯ˴Զܿ
رʽδھֹһ֣˵
ֻҪǽ¥ģ᲻ߵԱߣһǡ
ΪǻϵŮȾѪʵ̲ס棬ʲô
еĶǲӼˣ׽Ļҿöˣ;巳ζ
ͻȻһıӣҵȻ뿴ζ
ԡǡһУܿӡ
ˣ̫ƽͷ˵ҲʼˡǡĹ¡
벻֪ѡ
ڡǡеĵڶ죬һֱڼ鸴ϰ½ǿ˳̫ƽݡ
ֻ³½һֱŲϽȥ֣СܻǻȥɣۿžҪƿСʵû˼Ȳ衣
ס½͵ܣ𼱰˵㣬һֱڼ飬˶Ҫƻˡɢɢģһ¡
˵½ߣͬʱյС˵½͵ܲõģΪֶѾˣͽżܹǣǵʶγƽƣ
½⻰̶˼
ڽ˷ʱ䲻ôˡ
ԼĽûܹнʿο϶òĶȥ
Żһֱڼ飬ҳ
ǵܹˣõ˵ʶĽ֮·
Ȱϣȫڿƿ֮ǿˡ
ֻǣط
½Щİһˣ̲סλܵˣʣµʱѾ࣬û
ͷİɣΪּȻȻʹˡ
վӰѹøͣһֱڼ飬Բ֪һΪǡĻ˵ϲ
̫ƽݵ˵ľǡǡ¶ֻҪţ׼ܼ
½ô˵ŷˡ
ֻ뵽ý¾ȻԻ̲סʧͼޡ
СС;ʧȥ˫ףò£սսıӡ
С֪˶ٰۣòף˷һ졣
еȴУ㲻ѧɸ߸ϣ󲻿ԡ
θģ
гһգҲܹӸλҪ
½ո˵˼ͻȻܾ˴ϣ½͵ܣʲôأ
½Ȼ֪˼
ʲôû治ɫ˵ûʲôողСˣǿЩȥɡ
ܾ˵ԶԶԣǸýȥˣߡ
˵ʹ½߽ݣ˸۵λ¡
½λûʲôʵ˵ģλȻԽԽá
ȻûǾͿ˽ѡ
½ܾ˵˲ʶųѲţѰһᡣ
ȴ߸Ųһ˿ڵģһͲǡ
½ʶüͷֱͶԳϲ
һۣûЩʧλȻû
ܾС˵λȻˣˣλӣɾ⼸ˣڿ϶æúܡ
½ŻȻ
æ飬ǰ¸ˡ
ֽܾ˵˵λﵹá
ȻôƱױǶһˡ
˵ǸɫĴˣλ޸ǳ
˵쳣С±ˡ
ˣҲûᡰաֺ͡ء֣ȫáλˡ
½мЦΣƤˡһЫĳĶҲӸλΰģ
ɫΣ
¼òŮӲֻ֪ҪӸλʲôòŮӵò
ԪͬǸѵõˣԭɱģֻϧ̫ˡ
½뵽ԺͻȻ͸ֳһμԪĳ
ʱԪ﷢ܣѣֻɱڡ
˭֪˿ֻ
õ㽿Ѫ˲ͱÿ
ȻˮܣڵĨ˶ҲûгֹӦˡ
-

286 ն

ԪﵱʱĿģ½̲סüͷ
ԸԪﵱʱӣǶ˵ǶβĹȥ
ѾЩȥģģ͸óʱ
Ӧٳ֡
½ȭ۵ױɱ⡣
ʱܾͻȻ˵쿴ˣҪǡˣ
½˲
̧һȻиӻ׵վ̨ϣֺǺǵس˹˹֣˵һγĿ׺󣬾Ϳʼ˵ˡǡĹ¡
˵챦䣬ɽиɰ佫Ȣ˸绨ӡ˳ɻأһŮȡ硭
½һʼû̫⣬Ȼɽ佫ʱЩ٣üͷ
ܾ˼ɫԾ̲ס½͵ܣôˣѵǲ
½Ͻ͵⵹ǣֻͻȻĲۣЩ̫⡣
ܾˣΪڵǲۣп㰡㣬Ϊɢģ㵹ãȻܹµʱӶǲۣΪ˵ʲôã
½ǸЦЦСֵܹ⣬СԲƣ
˵;˲豭ܾ˾һ£ʼȲ衣
˭֪ʱ̨ϵ˵ͻȻ˵ۿһճ÷۵ϻ۷ǳͻȻϮ
һգգǺ
ɰܣ
ǳɹܣɰҲۡ¸½иǲ֣֮һԹ¶ĸ
ɰ½չǶԹ¶ĸ˭֪½е׽½и󣬾ȻͶ١ɰֻý½УϤϣҪ½ɲġ
½ɫѾˡ
ץŲ豭ȴڲͣضκ͵ػع񣬽豭طϣܾʵ֣˵ľǡǡ
ܾ˵ͷǰǡôдġ
˵꣬ͻȻ½ɫԽԽѿЩģ½͵ܣ㵽ôˣɫΪѿѲ岻
СȷʵżвʣûֺȲ衣
½˵͵վͳһӷϣСиǣǲʣ´
˵Ҵҵˡ
ܾ˿æȥıӰκͻȻͷһЦ
ŵʱ·ϱײһ¡
ߵü죬ȥ׷ͻȻиɰ
ͷŵֽչȻдһ֣˵½ǡǡе½
ԭŰɣԽ͹½˳飬ҪķӦ
˭֪½ķӦȻô
Ļпܾǡǡе½
ֻǣǱǡѾˣƺδ
淢ʲôûд
ԣɰ½չмӣΨһŮ
½½ķӦΪ˴
Ѳɣ淢ʲôµ飿
ֱܾͷŴܡ
ʵϣеġǡֻصɰ¶ӣڲûӡˢ
ֻܾܲµ淢ʲôõ飬ȴ֪ԶԶҪĻҪ£
˵½ɫ䣬Ѿ㹻ˡ
ۿϾҪǣ½ôĴ̼ȵԵʱܷӳɣ
½Լ˿£ˡ
ɽҲֲͷϡ
ܾ뵽͵͵¥ϰķ򣬰̾Ϣһ
½Ȼ뿴½ķӦ˵Щġ
߽ѵ·ӡ
ϧߵ̫ˣ˲ݺҲڰͷûлӽ
Щһŵɷģʵˡ
Ҫǵҿ»ûüڣҪǿԴ
ܾ뵽Щʧѡ
û뿪һֱǶţҪ
˺һ¥ϵİڴˡ
ܾ˽ڴؿȥȻͿڵ˳һĻ£ܿ뿪̫ƽݡ
ý·ģȫǰ߷ˡ
ǾһȺǣ˿Ļᡣ
ܾ˿Щ߷ڵصˣֻûһ䡣
ͬʱ̲סﰵҡ
ҿûȥĻҲЩһ߷ڵˣ
Ҳ̫Щ
ˣвҪС
ܾôһ룬һĲֱ
ֱԶˣ³һԼ»˹
֮ûڲݾ˾ͼҴҸ˻ȥ
ύ·ǳ׶ˣĴǾͲٳӣ
-

287 

½Ҵ뿪̫ƽݺȥ״Ԫ¥һǡ
Ǽŵģƫ飬½˿ԾһֱԼĻŲ
ˡǡûҵģͻסĵط
סһСĺԺʲô󣬺ڼ̳ҵĲƲͷɵúܡ
ҪǾķʵֲ̫ȷԼܲھﵱ٣Ժȥ٣ķչ˲˵Ѿһˡ
½صס̶鷿ŹϺ󣬾Ȳطˡǡ
ϸԽԽľ
ǰڲͷʱ˼ֽңɺϡ
ǿ⡶ǡĹ£ﻹ˿ң
ⱾԲɺϣ
ԪԪ϶ţ
ǸΪʲôţ
ڵĨ˶ģˮʱˮļܶóˮ˵ȥûԪΪʲôû
ôô󣬶ȥôˣ겻ɢ
ҵд˻
ʲô
뱨
УòײڵһС˭ܻĴǰ̡
Ԫ˵ģھ͸ó
ҵ
ûҵ
һиˡ
½뵽׼ȥ
Ǳ̯ġǡһţϽ˻ȥץǱŵǰֱ˽ȥ
̿յͨ죬ǡȥ󣬺ܿƤͱ˿ýڣȻȼ
½վԱۿţֱǱǡױճ˺ڻңŰ˿תȥ
棬̽СˣԸȥҼˣȥǡ˭дġȥʱСĵ֪ݡ
СЩ⣬Ǻܿȥ
½С뿪ת߻鷿顣
ڼԲš
ȻһΣôʼտȥ
ϵЩַ·𶼱ŤĶ߻صԪʣ½㻹ǲˣҵȻ¶֣ԪôСһֱ㵱׸翴ôݵģ
½ץ飬Ϊ̫󣬰ҳץˡ
ıԽԽŤ
ⲻĴ
Ҳġ
ΪǷģ
ȣô
ףĸף
ΪˣͲʲôģ
Ϊʲôܱ
ǸСӣͲó
ԭѾΪԪ³޵ģôģ˵ʲô
أ
ˣ˸ӣҵһж䵽
ȶԲģʲô
½ΪԼѣԽԽŤ׻Ǹò
ĳʵֻܲϧŤˣԭ˫ۣʱҲɭˡ
½ôŤţȥ顣
ֱʱ䲻֪ȥ鷿ͻȻ˴졣
ߵߵߵ
үСĻˣܽ𣿡
½С˵͵ػع
ʶɫ˵ɡ
Сƿ߽鷿Сš
½Ȳʵ𣿡
˶٣ͻȻʵˣʲôʱˣ
С͵͵½ɫɫǳѿﲻЩģүĻѾʱˡ
½ʱ䣬˲󾪣ʲôȻѾʱˣ
ʱô죡
ûأ
ô죿
½Ļˡ
ʱ㵽㣬һʱСʱ
ܾȥݵʱʱ仹硣
뵽ոһʱ͵ʱ
ʱҲ̫ˣ
½ƣɫ͸ѿˡ
С˿ŤɫԽ.
Сؽ˵Сʹˣû֪ǡ˭дġȥ״Ԫ¥ǱߵҲ˵
½ͦ⻰ͱøӷꡣ
켸˷һʱûп飬֪Ԫ䣬С˶첻á
β
½ؿСˣôС¶첻ãҪкã
С˹ڵϴûҷ
½һʵ㵽ôµģ״Ԫ¥ôƣ϶֪Щʲôû˽ʹ
С˵СҹˣӣЩ̫ˣһƵġ
ӵˣɶ˵֪˭СĲʣһСĳԲ˶ߡ
½⻰ʱĸۡ
״Ԫ¥δ̫ˣ
-

288 

С˰½ɫ͹˵үҲ֪״Ԫ¥
չﱻѡΪۿҪ޵״Ԫ¥˿ɲøմ⣬Ȯ
ү˵˲ע⣬Сִ˷үǳ鷳ûҼȥүҪʵ֪Сľȥ
½סˣ˰ɡ
С˵ûչۿžҪ޵Ů˿Ǹĺģֵµ˿϶Ҳûһö
ڼʱǳ鷳
ʮֲģ½ǲòҽ·¡
˵ÿȥСţҪʲôڡǡ£ͼҡ
С֪½Ϊ·ˣ˿С

ʱҴҶת۾͵˶³š
죬ǻԿӡ
һ磬Ǿͷ׷״סſ䣬
Իÿ죬ܹǾ졣
ģ;ܳ
ԿǱڿͷ죬ԺȫխĿ
ζ֪
ΪԤ;ֵ״Ҫֵ׼ĶȻͲ١
䣬¶ȵͣǿ϶뷨ȡů
⣬׼ʳ
ģС¯ӽȥ
ǰϳһú¯ӣ㲻˵յûá
һЩˣͿ˿ƾе̻ú¯ӳֺ󣬸һ͵Сú¯
С¯ӲСɣҲ˺ܶ࣬Яͦ㡣
յķúҲСɡ
ƽʱŲ̫ʣΪ¯СͲ̫
ڿãˡ
ȿȡůֿյˮʲôġ
һЩ̼ңƳ˿װһͷװ˺ܶ࿼ҪĶ
װģȻ
ЩﲻǮĿͼ㣬Լһס
½ھǸǮģҲˣװøȫ
˿ͷһȻǶŸʽĿ䡣
½ĬĬ˶ӣͲɫصšϵͻŵ
ǲϻ伮ϵݣ²ῼЩ⣬ȻĬĬԼʲô
ǽǰþϸļ顣
ͦʱģԿͷ˺ܶĳӣڵȴ顣
Χвپǵ׾ʹţڽؿţ³ʲô״
ڿĲݶ¥Ůװ͵͵սҲڿ
ǵһμʶŴĿƾ٣Щ档
һ˳뿴֡
Ϊ˿Щ͵͵ǿ
ԾûԶ۾ҲԶһԶӵĹܡ
û˷֡
ڴߺؿͷֻĹ㳡Ѿɽ˺
»˾ѿͷǿ뿪
̫ɧң˵Щ
Ŷӵĵطȫǿʣµֻ۰Ͱ͵վھͷΧۡ
սλõҰرãܹͷһ
Ϊλãǰ¾Ͷλӣñȥˡ
ڿǮǻò
Ϊʵ̫ˣҪվͷ￴
սشЩ
ֻŵ֮󣬾óᣬ˵С顣
ᣬ͵֤ˡ
ûռҲ裬֤ͷ϶ÿ˵Ƭ߻
ͷ¼˵òԷ˼ð
ݺ󣬾ͱУſ䵽һطܼ顣
εļԷס
Ķĺ֣úܡ
ս褣ǧҪֻҪһߵ衣
żתһȦѲƵġ
սЩƺη
褣
ÿ߹ȥʱ򣬾ͻŵô¡
Ҳ߯Сˡ
ʱ褣ȷʵҪڼʱˡ
ſ͸˱ƵģҲӣЩʱ򣬶õӹϵ⡣
ѹ˻Ầ¡
սյس죬սýζ
Ȼһʷ飬ǲûоŴĿƾ٣Ҳƾٵʱ򾿾Ǹʲô
ˣ͸ϡƵģر
ֻĹ̷ǳϸ񣬻Ҫ飬·ʵģѵ¼飬·鿴Ƿмв㡣
Է˼д
սһĻͻȻһӾ硣
ӾŮǾ档
Żˣ͵͵Ůװμ˿ƾ١
㱻Ϊ״Ԫ
ñ
ҪŮװμӿƾ٣ʱҪôɻȥ
-

289 ˲μӿƾ

ĹǷǳϸ񣬿ǴĿҲôһ顣
Ǵ֮ģһ˺鿴ͷûв˶
ʱʱģͻп͵͵дѲʧȥʸ񣬿޺űӳȥ
ܵ˵һǾȻ
ͻȻսֿŶӵĵطЩɧ
ϸһͿˡ
򺲸ǫ
ǫͻСǾˣμλԣֻ򺲵ġ
򺲣ոµ·ſ䣬ϵĺҲˣ⾫
սӣ̲ס΢Ц
ǵãһο򺲵ʱȻţ˲ڴϣһľͲʡ
̫ˣʱǺ磬ȻѾ˲ϴ
κȣܲμӴǣ򺲵ľòҲײͬˡ
Ǹ緢ģλͦаա
κ˶ȣǫ׬һӡ
һӿɲСĿǸǮҲܺùЩ
ⲻ·ˡ
սԽԽ⡣
򺲺ǫòܲϲúÿģĿ
Ǻÿʺã
ҸӺÿǺÿͷ̫׾ݣûʲô··Ȼ˳۶ˡ
ô£
սؿһܿ췢ԭ
ˡ
ЩȻ֪ȵ£񿴵μӻԣɲ𾪻ô
һĶͦ
Ȼܹ
սڶ¥Ӹµģø
һܿͷи˵ķӦ̫Ծ
˵ţȻ
սΪ𾪶ɴ˫ۣϵЦԽԽ
˼
֮ǰֻŸȣûôȥЩ顣
ڿ֮ǰȣȻĻ
˲μӿƾء
Щһֱڼͷû֪Ѿ͵κȡ
ȻҪ֪ˣ˵򺲵Ȼöһء
򺲶Ѿ˿ͷţ˾ٲҲʲô
ս룬ǾøʲôԷһ
óֽʣѸٰ˵ӻȻƽƽʶ𣿡
ƽһۣ̲ס㻭ÿá˾͸һʵ̫ˣ
սΣûϲʶ
ƽϸһۣȻҡҡͷū澾ǸѾͷʶͷˣ
ս룬˵Ҳû
ƽ˵еϲܰԡ
ϾǸСѾͷȥͷ˿
ʶҲ֡
˵ȥļҵġ
ūȥ
ƽ˵ȥˡ
սûãͻˡ
ū澴ˣǽҵĴӣнܡ˵ѧˣ״Ԫ֮ţǱƾ״Ԫѡ
״ԪսȻ򣬡ԭ
дײοϣֻѧȴû뵽ĲѧȻá
սͻȻֵɣ
ִʱôҲǸѧţŴֱӾͱѧ
ÿƾ١
սҵţּ֡
һݣͨ飬˿󣬾;û˼ˡ
룬ְ򺲵ӻ
Ȼ¥¹㳡ĵط
վûһͱ褷ˡ
ս컯ױԼӢģϸͦ
һ˳
˲ɫս˹
սվûΧЩȴŵòᣬһ÷ɿ졣
һ㣬սΧ˲ճһطԵƽȺ
ֱҪ̫ۡ
ߵǰ˫ʲô
սóһСɵʳУԵͷǲҶģȻٳ
æţݺ˲Ҳûԡ
սֻ׼˲Ҷġ
褰ģսô˵־ʵ
һûסǾ
ؽӹսݹʳУȴ˵ˣû¾͸Ͻȥɣ̫ˣôġ
սЦùɣţҾͶģϾͻȥ
ѾˣûҪһֱȥ
һͶģòѹȥֿʼܿƵ̡
ֻ˵Ͻȥɡ
˵꣬۾һֱսš
ս붮Ҫۿ뿪ſϷġ
ƽ򣬵褵棬ϳȥˡ
褼ȥˣŷĵʳתߣ·ʳеĸӿһۣͻȻͷһŷ⡣
褵΢΢һȻ󲻶ɫؽӸ˻ȥ
-

290 

սѶһ׮¡
ϳʵʵ׼ؼҡ
뻹û߳Զͬĳ̡
ˡ
Ϊӵװ磬սѳȥյߵĽֵˡ
гˡ
ɵǣҲ˳
˻˸棬ѶԷӿ˸һ
㶼û㡣
սʼԥǸǰкأǸװأ
Ѿסɡû뵽Ȼӡ
˵ӡĸֵʱתڵ٩ʲô
Ѿͣ
սֻùֳһȻóǰĽ˵£Ͷ뾹Ȼ£ȷɵúܡ
ŶԭͶЦζѹʲôΪʲôˡ
ǿõʧˡսЦһܿǣҪæͲµˣиǡ
ЦΣգǲôæȻô˵͵´Σٸúġ
սɫһ漴Цų̵˫ۣζ˵¼Ȼô˵´ټһ³ԣ
ǣѧŻˡ
Ŵ
ľֻʣһȫͨȵ֮ͨϾܽס
ʱʽǱʵܴΪ
̲Ǻڴ
ˣҲڴ
Ƕ³ţǶʮͳ̴ӡ
̼Ȼڴʧأ
սҧֱӻ˾ԺԼ鷿
澭е
֮ϣУβڣڣԪмǣȫѨԴͨʱΣա
һͨջĺôҲġ
սһֱûмŴͨ
ھֻʣʱ䣬ץˡ
սŵ磬ͷҲûãԻʱʱϰ˵ࡣ
鷿ţڿռѾϰʱʱ鷿չϰҽ˭Ҳûɡ
սһʱ䡣
ͨ˲䣬ս̸о˽Ԥס
ûѹƣֱˮɵؽס
ǿϵܣԽ˲䣬ȫõǿ
ֻǿĹ̲ܣϸѣȻµϸɡ
Ĺڡǡ죬ƤҲһϸ΢ƣųʺѪ
ȵɣսҲǱ
Ѹϴ˸裬ϵȫϴ˸ɾ¶Ƥ
ʱӲųչ¶
³ƤʵĹ𪣬ϸỬ
֮޹ǣ֬
Ȼս֪һвǱ
óһСֱϻһĵȴǱʲôסһ㣬ƽ۵ƤϣӡӶû¡
սһЦ̧һС̵жûӡ
Цø⡣
漴ϸɾ·Ȳ˳ȥ
ƽͶรһֱͷԡ̳
รŸˬӣ׼սʸͷ
ȻսֱӾסˡ
ƽҲɵۣūôֱÿˣ
รô˵
սӣֱ˳
еᣬƺͦĽ
ร⻰Ҳ̲סشս
Ҳ֣սûô仯ɾǾ˺ÿ˺ܶ࣬ڷŹһ
սһЦ˵ϴʱϴˮȻƽʱÿЩû𣿡
ƽһ£ܿȻ򣺡ԭū澾˵ôÿϴվͦÿģôգûôÿˡ
รͬƳһۡ
ȻҲøոϴʱվӻúÿЩ
ɹͲһòã
ЩҲһֱڱ仯ԽԽÿ
Ĵûôÿˣ
ƽɵѾͷȻˡ
Ҫ˵оط͵͵ҩ˰ɣ
ȻôԽԽÿأ
ѹֹͻȻѧҽˣ˳ΪоЩط
รԲͣȴɫɻǸؾصģ
սʸͷ
ΪýԽսúÿˡ
Ƥϸģֱ޲ȥ
ҪһֱţצͲȥˡ
ôÿЩͨŮ˿ô
ҪȥҪ˶ãûվڹˡ
ǱˣȻܹȢǹ
˵ɱ飬
ôôõ
-

291 

ȵеĿȫҲ˿
ǽȥԵģǽȥѲߣάΰͬʱϷ׵ġ
滹иС䣬ǸϢõġ
Խȥ֮ͳ˲ע⣬սʳеϢ䣬ɿȡǷţ鿴ͷĶ
ŷŻ񣬻һСֽæŽܺ򺲣Էܸ
˵褿ֽʱֻ⣬˻ʱ򣬾ǳˣ
֪ܵģΪǧȽҪˣȫ
̫֣ôҪ˶֪粻֪ٻˡ
򺲣˵ĿǰǸС褸ѲѲߡ
ϣÿһ
һ**򺲵Ļ˳
𾪵ǣŻǦʻģһϵ˾Ȼ
ʵ̫ˣֻҪһۣϳ
Ҫǣһִδ»
Ϊǧ褵ʮ
һŻ̾뵽ĻʦѧµĻôԺѰ˵ʱͻ÷ǳס
ֻʵ̫ˣѻϴ
Ժץ˵ʱ϶Դץ˵ļʣ
ʡȥܶ鷳
ǣ⻭ôģ
Уȥúúʱ
뵽ѸٽսȻְֽӽյó׼ݲ衣
Ĳ㣬ɲ˷ˡ
ʿѲʱ·Ȼ˲裬Щ
̲סһ䣺ǧС
۾ЦԸ֣¹ôʵΡ
ԸӦ֪ʿǶƫԲſʼ״̬õʱ
¹ʱѲǼ¹٣нǣʱ¹ٵ
ʿ棺
ɴݲԵģ
ôͲ²̫ˣѿˣ
ʿɫһڣ׼ˡ
ʿǶƫ
ˣҲȺɷ
֪̬ȣԲ
˵ʱϴߡ
ŵȡҶ׼ݲ衣
ȻҶ򿪺褾Щ㶡
սҶδģ
ʲôҶ
ôֵֹģ
˺һΪսô˲ҶҶѾˡ
ɵһƬҶζ
һţûŵҶܺĳζй㡣
˲˿ȻҡͷʧЦ
ǺͿˣôܻ˵ĲҶ
ĳִδƷְɣ͵ˡ
͸ĲҶ᲻أǰɣ
Բٵģʼݲ衣
ʿ滹ûԶóĲҶӹŹ֣Ǵδģ̲סͷ͵Ц
褾ڸӹţƫƫѧѹͲʶ
Ҳ֪Ǳ˭ˣȻĴֲ赱˱
ƫԼ֪ȻõŪҲЦ
ʿúЦȴҲ˼褵ݣûҵ˵Ǳӵؼӿ˲ӣѸ뿪Ƿ֮ء
ѹû֪ΪսóĲҶӹŹ֣Ѿʿˡ
Թݲ衣
СĽҶ룬Ȼˮˮ˽ȥ
̵ˮڸĲҶϣԭҶƬˮ̹֮󣬽չָѿģ
ԭ͸ˮȾ˵ĳȻɫ
ɫͦÿġ
ʱ䣬ˮȥɫˮ絭̣ɢ
Ʋ֮Ʈ￪
ʶ˿ֻζƢһ
ϲȲģҺȹĺò費٣ֻҪһζ֪ƷΡ
ζһ褵۾˲ˡ
֪Ŀ϶Ǻò裡
˷ܹѸٵһˮ
Ȼóʳеĵģһںú󣬲ˮµˮ
гȻɫĲˮ̵ض룬ϸϸŲζ
ֻƳй㣡
ζԽԽ
ȻǺò裡
ȥˣһҪĶģ
ţζǸǰȹĲȫͬ
ǳƵķЩر
Ҷݿ֮ӵЩ죬Ǵۣɫǰвֻͬмǻ̵ɫԵȻǺɫ·˱ߡ
ѵǳƵʱ⣿
ҲԣǳƳ⣬
ѵµƲַ
֣û˵Ĳ谡õ򵽵ģ
ѵǸճģ
褺ɵţЩȲһСڡ
ֻڴ㣬ȻԴɬζȴΪղܡ
̲סֺһڡ
ȻͻȻЩ֡
̧ǰǰѾ߿ʿ棬Ȼվǰ
-

292 

Щؿվǰʿ棬ʵԸϿʲôԸ¹ٳȥѲᵢ¡
ʿ۾ֱؿǰŵĲ룺ݵǴۣ
ǣ˲ϣֻЩѵǴ֮õĴֲ裬ԸϿˡ
ѾΪ裬κ˽Բժ䣬пӲŻϡ
ȻΪ󣬵ҲζͲܺȡ
۾ʹռҶȻܺȵġ
ǣԲһܿ³ģδС
Ҫˣɾʹˡ
ֻܴϡ
ʿص۾ǲ֪ʲô֣
Ǵۣ
㵱۾Ϲ
˵Ҷɫ̫Ծ״Ǵۣ
ˣȻƭˣ
С߯ʵ
ɫԾͲµ϶ûš
ǸϽڶ룬һѹ
ʿ濴ţĵƵĺȷ۵òһ϶졣
ۿ褾Ҫ֮룬ͻȻ͹ʹ֣֮ǰ˵롣
£˶סˡ
𾪵ؿʿ棬ʿ汻˲񣬿Ĳ룬Щڡ
ζʵ᲻÷Żȥ
ɿһ˵ÿڿʣԸǧֿˮȣǧ᲻ͬɣ
˵褷ԣȲһСڡ
Ц
Ǻǣ֪Щĳûһö
ʿ汻Щ˼
Ҳǹģʵ̫ˣ
ǰΪǲʶ˸ˣԼŲʶȻľƷӲ裡
ո·Ȼǰװ״Ⱥò裿
ҲǵģһˣȻ˺ü룬ʵ̫˷ˣ
ʿ۵ؿʣµЩ룬Щ۲
褼״϶룬ʣµȫˡ
ʿ˵
ţĵ
̫̣öˣ
۾ЩˬؿԸҪǺˣɷѲ뻹¹٣
ʿһ⻰ϽסĲ룺ţ軹ٳݼأ˷ˡ뱾پȴȥˣԺٸ㻹
˵϶Ųˣ
褣
ż׷ʿǰǸˣҲֱز룬ֻС˵ԸϣɲǴۡ
ʿ濴һۣ˲붮
̣Щ飬ﻹܰ褸ˣ
ζ˵ǧ˵üǣǰǱû壬ŪˡϸһȷǴۡ
Щ⣬ǲĵزһ䣺ǵȻϴԸϰæһ
ʿͷԻˡ
˶٣̲סʵ֪ǧɻжģɷ񡭡
褹ϾܾûУ
͵ģ͸ˣ
ѾǱʿˣ
СʿƤ϶Ȼ͸ɹˣ
ԽԽ
ҪǸղסʿ棬ô£
ʿһų֪˵ѡ
׸褹ϵոտҪѾǻƤ褶ܾˣﻹ˼˵ʲô
ֻĬˡ
ʿֻ˵ҲգȻˣپˡǧЩ㣬ĪҪ¡
衱֣ɫͱر䣺¹ףԸ롣
ʿ滹ҪѲֻһ
ߺ̰ѶĲȫȸɾˣҶȥѱ
ֻʣһ裬żʼȲԵġ
ֻǾ˸ղ£ﻹƷ裿
Ѹٳ˵ģȻְʣµĲҶˣȻСİʣµĲҶڻȥѲ
Ȼٿͦһȥ߶ЩԵؽ
ʿ濴ʶסǰĲ롣
ǰ˵Զݼأʵһʱ鼱ôͰѲ뻹ȥ
Ųصλӣˮζʵ᲻þôֺճһء
˭֪ζȻҲŨ񣬲δ١
ζ̫㣬ܿ˵ע⣬ǲǴۡ
ѾӦ褣˵Ǵۣ
͹Ϸˡ
ЩȻŰɣɲһ룬û˼
ʿ濴褣뵽ľܾţĵĺȷЩ
žǸ˲ģĶӾȻҲضãˣ
ôõĲ裬͸ϸϸƷŶԣţĵһһأ
ǺȲ
̣
褲ǲˬҲ
϶Ĳ裬Ȼˡ
ȻǷʰ
϶Լ£ȻҪǷɱ
-

293 ս

һֱڿ죬һ꽻Ÿ˻࣬˿
ΪսӵˣΪֳܵûؼá
죬³£һֱûսĲ裬ݵĿṩġ
ǲʵҲ㲻ݣҲҸӲ裬Ʒ
ֻǺȹսģٺܾòá
㲻Ǿζ
ϧû취ֲðóݣֻܽˡ
ʿҡ
ˣҲⰮ衣
ȹ˼Ʒٺȱģоʵǲ̫࣡
ǣͺһ룬ǺƤȥġ
裬ʮأֱ󳹵ûζ˲ŵ
Ϊ̫ףԺǲ
죬һֱ͵͵ض褣Ͱ͵صݲ衣
Ȼˣ
ʿ浹褻ݡʵ̲סǣ˵ҡ
Ȼ۰Ͱ͵صȵһ꽻褶ȥˣȻûȵ
ˡ
ϧҲñš
褲Ųʿ룬һ˿Ȳػ˼ңϴ軻·
ԡ̲ס̾˿
Դӽԡңϴ赹Ǳࡣ
ԡҪԡͰǳܶ࣬ǳ״ͷʱԾչ˫ȣˣܺȵСơ
ϴ裬һɾ·Ȳȥս
ǶʮһɫѾˡ
ս޵ӡ
ȲҪ
Ȼ߳ȥûãûԺͱŸסˡ
۾ЩƣȥĶ
ûѣʵˣȥá
ŲãҪˣȥʲô
褼طڲǿ޵Ҫջŵʱˡ
ҲǣʹӦˡ
˭֪ûãˡ
ŲҴңƺܼǳʲô顣
ź褿ͲԼͬؽ
ʵܣôˣĴҴҵģѵʲô£
忴̼磬֡
⻰ʱˣôˣʯ಻ѾѵֲҪȥҽ㿴
ǣûòҸոա弤״Σ磬ҵ֡ҵֺĺˣ
ŻûӦ˿˵Ŷͦõģû¾ͺá
Դսֱۣ͵ıŮѧղֱ۸λˣʱûܽ
ϾֻΪŲзϵģսŮ
Ҫλֱۣܲܿ˱Ů֣ɣ
Щһֱĵֱ۳ʲôë
ýʱսڰֱǰ۵ʯȥˣͨɴа
ʱ͵͵˿
뵽Źȥ죬ֳˣܲô
ոˣΪֱۻˣ˭֪ȻǺˡ
Ҳǵģֱۺ˾ͺˣбҪô
˵ˡ
ͷ͵͵̣ȴ侲
һѳӣ¶Сɫֱۣ㿴ϵİûˣ
⻰һϽ쳤˲ӣԲ۾ֱۡ
ȻʱɫˣԱ˴ŵ
žŵǵ⣬ǿֱϵİ̲ˡ
ŵصɴ۾˵ѵ
һĵԱš
¹ǿ˲٣ſøˡ
ֱǸªİûˣ
ûˣǵطƤͦ׵ģ³⡣
ŵ˺һǲţֱ֣ĨĨ
ʱ˵֪Ϊʲôô˰ɣҲ̫ˣ
һ±Ƶصͷʼջز
ȷʵ̫ˣộȻҲȥ
ôģ
Ů
ҩ͵͵·˰ɣ
ս֣˵ֻҪûֱλ͸ոˡ
뵽Ȼֱϵİ̶ȥˡ
Ҫֱ̫ף³Ƥ̫ۣܹˡ
ŵҲ˾κˡ
ͻȻʵ壬ôֵģ
˵ֱû˰̣ȥʯʱ͸÷֡
ô忴ǲŷֲõӣ
屻һʣиҪû˵
Ͻ˵ȥʯʱ򣬸ҳҩҾԺ˯˹ȥ
󣬾Ϳֱɴˣйҩζ
˵ֱۻҾû롣ǲǰֱϵɴСŪʪˣҾͲ׼ҩ
˭ֱ֪֮ϾȻ̶ûУ
-

294 µ

ˡ
ֱǿª˰̣жã˶á
ʱܹ
ھ磬ǾԼʱıֻãԲŻ˵ôأ˲зϡ
Ҫʱֵٺõ㣬˵Ͳñɲзˡ
ҲֻѣѾ飬ܸĵģ
Խ㣬Խǿ˰̡
˭룬гһգǿجεĳª˰̾Ȼܹʧ
ܲ
ֱÿˣ
忴ź𾪵ģͻȻЩˬ
ˣ㲻һɵˡ
ԣû˵أ
巴Ӧ󣬸Ͻ˵ҲɴϴֱۣͷǿûˣʱһΪԼΣ˺þòŻع
ҡֱۺúõģЩ̲סõһ£
ŸϽôˣ
ҧ˵Ҳ֪ұԴӷԺ󣬾Ҳûù
֮ǰõ£ȻұۺܾûùЩ裬û¾ԽԽ˳֣һɵúܣһûó
˵ֱͣؿţ֣ص˵Ҳžãֱĺˡ磬㶮ҵ˼ɣ
ŵȻ
Ҳˡ
̫˼ˣ
ֻȥ˰̣ǻûʲô
Ҫսκֱۣҽж
ѧһµҽôͣ
ǱϰҽҽҲû͡
ѾҽܹˣֱֶΣ
ѲɣǼұɣ
ôܣ
źԽԽ𾪣̲סֱּ
Žŵʣûֱ۲
ҡͷûãƽʱò𣿡
̲ס˵һֻʱأ
廹ҡͷԼԼֱ۾Ǵˡ
˵ͻȻ񣬾˵磬Ҫǲţȥܣ
½ţ룬;˫ûôӲˣѾӻرڿ졣
ЩӣݽųҩȾҲûָô죬һҲõòˡ
˶٣ֽ˵Ҿãڴ֮ǰκǡϾ֮󣬾ͳ϶ûҪҲ㡣
ôͻȻ˵úܶԡ
Ȼû˵ҪûãԺҪƿɲ㡣
ѾˣߺõòˣԺҪġ
뵽Ȳ
ƬҲϵ飬ֱӾ˹ȥ
Ȼŵظϡ
ǶͿԺϰȭŹ
ȹȷѾˡ
񿴵ǹȴЩ±ơͣ¶˲ϵĺʵ磬а褣ôˣ
ʵôˣѾˣ
⻰̲סˣæص˵ͷһ˷ܵ˵ǰ˫ȺԽԽˣûסڸоͦҲûò
ŶʱЩôҪ飬ôң
ɵЦǸ͵͵ģ֪˵ҡһʱ䣬ȷ˫û£ٸ㡣
źҪ£ǲǾʹŲˣ
ЦȻôġ
ЦһͻȻӦˣǵʲôģ磬ֱ۸оôûоúһ㣿
ĬĬֱۣԼɡ
±ƵؿһۣȻɵˣ磬ǲֱˣṵ̂
Ŷʱϸôˣѵֲֶˣ
ϽֿһۣĻ֣ͳɵֱۣϵİôûˣѵֱۣ
ûһ£ʲôأ
ֱۣ
Ǹ㤣
ҪⱾ£ˣ
ųãͻȻ˵ֱܵӦκˣȱ𴫳ȥԺСŵֻ˵תʲô˵
Ҳ֪жҪ֣µص˵ͷ֤˵ȥ
ֶ˼䣬Ŵ뿪
·ϣŵһͻȻʵף㻹ǵñ˵Ǹ˵᲻ѧ֮ҽ
űصص˵ͷӦþˣѾͷǵģôҪ飬Ȼһֱû˵
˵ӦŵǣԲû˵ֻҪ޵֪ҽ
ζ˵Ǹˡ
̾˿
վǴ飬ڵҲ޼¡
-

295 ¶Ļ

źĹ֮󣬶սεʱѧҽ
Ҫǰǿ϶ô롣
սε֮Ȼɵĵطѧһҽʲôأ
˵ҽֻ֮Ѱ㲻ʲô
սǸðƻֻôοԼ
һ˵һȥ˾Ժ
ǵԺʱխZȻڡ
ҲǣսҪ飬Ҫǲû޵ʱúü޵Ҫŵʱټ
խZ϶᲻Żʱ
źôһ룬Ҳˡ
һ㶼սô޵ȥ
û취ּⶼˣּܲܿ
οս¶ıԽԽ⿿ǣͻס
ڱ˵ǸӣǶսԣǸܺõĻᡣ
խZû⡣
᲻սź褿϶Ҳ᲻á
̫ˡ
սҪˣǿ϶̫ܵԴһ͵뿪սú˯һû
һദʱ͸ˡ
ÿ˶ϧ
ս֣ͣض
ЩʵѾ˽ս˲٣һ뵽սҪ޵ͷŲġ
խZϾӣܸս̫ܣֻĬһԣս˵
źսȴµģһ绹ڷȥ˵Щ޹ؽҪĶЩ
ԥһ󣬽֮ǰŻ˳ս㻭㻭İɣ
ս߶˺һͷ
⻰˲ɴ⣬æ˵һģô𣿡
褵˼̫òˣսһó񣬾֪ʲô
źխZһóĻˡ
Ψ磬ֻƳһۣЩŵʣ㻭˸ʲô
ҪǴȥǻӰս
ǰʱս̫Ļ統ʱ𾪹ˡ
οûоȣ⻭˵ݡ
ŸˣȻҲμ˹磬ȴڵ²Ǻֱ⻭ǲ֪սı¡
ս򵥽͵ǰȥͷ֣ٽֵĲݶ¥ƼЩͬѰ
һ²֪һ˾ȻǽҴӽܣ˵״Ԫѡ
ţƺһЩ⣬;ò̫Ծֻöæš
źխZ֪£⻰˾ʶʲôɫ΢΢һ䡣
šüʵԽҡ
սǳɴسˣһɣϴ¶Ļ֮ˣǽҡ
һֱû˵ֱڣ˵˳
ʲôңʮ𾪣Ϊλô룿
ս˵ķͷ̫ǿ̫˵Ǹ޴вһ˶ӣ̫ӵĴǸӼѣ
û˵
ĵȻףǣôĵ
սţ˵ĪҪˣ񶦶İ¹Ժɽǽҵļ
⻰ٴαɫ
¹ԺĴȻ˵
ֻ̫ż޸̫ûãһֱû룬һôҰĸӡ
ǽµĶǵĵӾ̫ˣ
Ȼλ֣Ҫλá
ҪģҵҰĺ͵̫ˣ
խZ褶û˵ɫء
ͻȻըˣԭǽңҲ̫ˣȻ¶֣
ԽԽҵôأ
ұû޸أȲ˳¶
ñѧҽ˲Ծû
ȻĻǸһѾжˣ
սס֣̫ңȴҪ޸Ҫ뱣ס̫ӵλӣȻҪ֡
֪Ǻ
ûƾʲô
Ϊ̫˾ͿΪΪ
ߵߣ칬磬Ϳ̫㣬ΪǶˡڿȻûģ
Ͼ̫ս治ں̬ȣ칬磬ȻûȴҲɫһ̥üѾ˺ü̥
ڵҽˮƽĺӾҲë
˵һ̥ȻǸӣλͳ
˻òֻʮʵ۾ͱж
ѵΪ𽻳ʱ̥Եʣ
-

296 ͻȻ

սɵһͻȻһ¡
λ̫ӳȻ˳λ˻ʵۣȴֻһ꣬ͻȻС
ѧ߻ɣʵǱĶӳ϶ɱ
սãҲûпܡ
ΪʷϵļأϴСͺ
ǻʱ򣬳ѾǶʮüͣǾʢʱ
Сųô̫ӣҪǳ͵ظ·̫Ӳλ
һͻȻУͻȫͬ
ʱ򣬳סԳ¶
ս뵽䴽ǡ
ıϾֻʷϵıأ񵽵ǲǳ϶ɱģûȷ
ҳڻ̫ĶδһУ˭ܹ˵׼
ԴУ
Ҷ֣Ǿƺˣ
򺲵ĶͷȻǽҴӣүڰ
Ÿ˲ôҪ侲öࡣ
ȻԽ侲Խǿ¡
˵ģ綨úò齭ң
սһ⻰֪齭ҵİѱʱĵض绹СЩĪҪץס˰ѱ
ҿ̫ң˽µ齭ҵһ֪鷳
ֵ׳꣬췴λŵǻûá
ԲϲƤӵ¸С
̲סЦģִ֪硣
ôôãֱӵ齭ң
սô˵ŷġ
ʱխZͻȻʵ⻭λģ
սؿһۡ
óխZͻȻôʣǹѻ
̸۽ҡ
ֻǲ֪ô·ɻᣬд㣿
սǵڶ֡
룬ػ˻⣬˵Ļ
ԭʵܼ򵥣Ϳ˵Ժ츳
խZǻửģȻʲôңл滭ͺܿ졣
ս򵥽ԭֵʾһλ
խZܿѧˣֳһ
ȻŸѧʷӲǴŵѾˡ
ʣµֻҪϰ
սû뵽Ȼѧ죬̲סôѧˣ͵͵˺þòѧء
խZǫҪ̵úá
˶˵ֻȷʵܲҾãɫ̫Щ
ҪǻɲɫǦʣǸӱ棿
˵ҪǦʵʱϣɫǦ𣿡
սͷ͵һ
Ǧ沢ûͶ̫˼ֻͨǦʣȴɫǦʡ
ȴ룬խZȻ˳
˵ˣɫǦʵȷôġ
ֱ˵˵鲻ԣܲ
ʱԶôḻʣȷԡ
˶оЩϳ
ǮͨоԺǴ´ġ
רר˾ĺôɲܹ׬Ǯ̼˵ķ顣
ҪǣרԽԽ࣬ȫµķ˲ŶԶǵУ
˲ȥרӲ
ȫµĴ˺ࣿ
ܹһЩóҳϤ
ǻľϲ
Ȼר˾Ǻܶ˻ûоԺĸ
ǰ棬Ȼ
̫еĶڲȥǺܹܶĶǿԷչ
˵
رɽǱ߻޽ҤӣѾҪ깤ˡ
ʱ򣬾ͿԿʼղ
ȲճֿԷչٲҵ
ũֳҲ԰ˡ
ս̵ؼƻţͻȻ˵ˣȥɣ챦Ҫ飬ˣúϢ
Ÿ⻰ĬĬһۣûҷ
ֻ֮ǰսֱۺȣܺ𣿡
棬ûʵ̫塣
֪̫ˡ
սȴ֮⣬΢Цŵ˵ͷζ˵Ŀǰָúܲ
˼
һ׻ûǲ֮ѧҽ
˵ûȷʵʱˣǲٵս˯
˵Ƕܸл㣬ֻǽ첻̫㣬ԺҸʱ䣬Ǻúлл㡣
սûֱЦŵ˵ͷ԰˳ȥ
κĲм˶Կ˵֮
ҪǲǸлǲڡ
̹Ȼܡ
սصԷ뵽Ҫ飬ﲻֹŹֵĸо
ִѶûУŴûȻҪˡ
ˣ˯ɣ컹һӲҪء
-

297 ˲ֻڻĳ嶯

̻û˯
ŵŵĺ񣬲һµϲյĴ飬˼ڴ
Ҳڴ
Ҫˣ
ǲҲȢϱˣ
һڴѣȴˣϱѡûأ
Ȼⳡ飬ڴҲ㷲
˶ǵսȥʲôŰ裬ϲñӴˡ
뵽Ҫ޵ΪŮӣ̲סġ
ԺвҪС
ȻףͷźĻ¹ٸū澣ūǶڹܡ
ֻҪСŲͲõĶС
żСҲֻСʹ룬δҪġ
λ˵Ǹĺġ
޹ŮӣĴС¶ܡ
˭Сķ˴ᱻɣ
ʱѾҹȻɺܶû˯ŸԵ飬ƾ
ڼලԲͣȥ
࣬飺ŵմ飬ܳ˿𣿡
ŮӦǣס
ȴּ˵ΪˣǶ˵ģһʵ˭ʱû˾ȵǣ
⻰˵׺ݣŵŮһֻͷѾУʱ¡
־ּѲӼ顣
ȵȫˣʱҲ˴ҹ
ƣصס뵽սҪͳزѡ
ھǰޱذѷٲ𿪡
̫⣬ϵķƸˣӲ顣
ž̾˿
ôƫƫսǸĺŮأ
֮ǰλδޣȻ죬ɶսǽ壬ĺ
ϧǰλȫˣȻֻĺսǰ
źˣ˼޹мӣ׵
սĺŰ裬ݲˡ
ս޹Ȼݲˡ
˵һ
㷨ӣܲԴС
أֱڴ˯ȥʱ򣬶üչ
һҹʱܿȥ
սϱѵʱ춼Ǻڵġ
ЩۣҪ
ȴ⴫ƽ쿪ţϲӣϴ·ˡ
ս⻰͵𣬽ͳ̴ӡ
뻹ڴء
ϴξȻв֪ȢһʲôŮˣ
ôһ룬ս̴˾
Ѹٷ´Էţϴ·
ʱ򴩵Ļϲ
׼ò࣬ʹ˼Ҵҵˡ
ս̣˲ֻڻĳ嶯
ɲ֪ʲôһȺ˾ͽݣսʼʰ
ϰףսճޣȿ
սͱѺڵϣżȫվһԣһϸϸĺߣ
νĿȥϵϸëԵøӸɾˬҲˡ
սֻϸĺϲ̴̵ۣ̲ͣסƿ
ȴץο𼱣̾ͺˣ۵ġ
ս뵽Լڵʵֻ
ȻҪƿǲҲˡ
ò׿԰սϴ
Ҫʼױ
βսԶ֣ΪͰźˣһרŽ̹ˣǰս˺üױݣŶ´ױݡ
սͳüΪƯһֱòøΪ£㲻ױҲƯĿѣԡ
ױŨޣȴ
սϺ˶ɵۡ
ƽսòʱԾɿɵۣ˵λȫˡ
𾪵ؿսֻʲôɫ㶼Ѿǰս
սò̫ˣױ֮ǰϷ·Դһ׵
Ȼױ֮Ǿ˫ǵò
⻹ֻǻױûлϲϷڡ
Ǵ˷ϼָǺεģ
ȫ𾪲ѣҲǲμӹģͣǺܺá
λñȽԶֲðͰ͵ȥս˿Բûпսӡ
ýˣִ͵ϻſ
ܵҲ
Ϊսòʵ̫ˡ
òΪ
Ҫ޸ݣû˸Ҵ⡣
ȻĻ
ȫ˰˿
-

298 ᱧ

սױѾǾźϲ
ɫϲս޷ӡ
ɢͷȴɢһɷ·Ȼ
ȫ㶵ؿҪȥ
סսᷢŻع
սţͳһЦͷˡ
Ҳң
ȫ˺üңɫӣСսͷ
һᣬһ߳һᵽͷóᵽͷ޲ǣᵽͷֶ٣ᵽβٰüᵽβ˫ɣᵽβͬ壡
翴һĻ۾ͻȻʪˣؿս
ս˵棬ö˵ʲôֻܶ΢ЦοޣŮˣҲԶŮ
⻰ϽĨᣬȴˡ
Ȼ֪սҲŮǲһ˰
ˣսԺҪĸŮҪһ棬ϼѡ
ȵպͷǺܿⱲӶԵټˡ
ܲģ
ֱּͻ飬ûּɰŮһڼͷ۸
Ȼݸ߹󣬿ݸߡ
պս۸ĶûŮֻع
ܲ
ļˣȴƴᣬԼ޳
ŮҪˣﻹ֪ж޴ء
Ůġ
սȻûˣȴģﰵ̾
ǵ˵棬ֱܲӰο磬˵۸
ֻܾôš
ȫ˺ϸµΪսͷȻڣͷϡ
Ƿڣ֮ǰѾ̲ס
ʵ̫ˡ
飬Ǵδ
ޱȵĹ󣬹ɫϡ䱦
˵䱦۴µģɼսӳ̶ȡ
̫ʱķڣ¶Ҫ硣
սֻ۶˶裬ĺ
Ѳɣ治̫ӣ
ҪԺǻһң
ȫлȻȴұ¶
Щأսϵʱ򣬻صһ䣺Сġ
սѾԴڣ֪ķ׼
ڴͷϺǰҧҧ
ĺأ
ǿܣúܡ
Ȼأ΢õܣͿƮƮġ
ûͣҲ֪Ƕμġ
ս︹̣񲻽Щ䡣
ȫ˿̲ס˿ȻȲóĸͷͷϡ
ٿȥԼ̲סȥ
սüÿϷϼ͸ŹȻɷĹǣ֮ϵӣ˲ұӡ
벻ףǸδǵСôǿơ
ı鲢׺ݣɾôǶڵģ˲ؽš
ʱøͷסˡ
󣬹Ȼɶˡ
ȫ̲סĵװҡ
ȴǼˡ
ڼŮĻԽԽ٣ͷһ⣬Ů涼ˣ
ʶ֣ҪѸͷˡ
ȫ˸Ͻס˲ɣͷˣ͵õϲٽҿ
⻰۾˲ˮ
¿޳Ͻֽס۾ȴ̰ؿս޲ö࿴ۡ
ȻʱѾ˱ֵ
׵ˣ
ʶ㣬ҲƲס᲻ͣ
˫ֽսţһ֣սҪߡ
սŸͷֻܿ°ڡ
һǰĸͷͻȻ͸ģ˲ͳǰ
ս磬ͻȻⲻᣬٴ˻ڻĳ嶯
Ҫ᲻ŮŮͲˡ
Ȼ⻰һ˲ͱ˵ʲôأϲӣ˵˵
ʱˣﻹ˵ޣ
⻰ҪǴȥ˻ô룿
統³̶ս
̲סսʾҪ
û˵꣬ͷһżŮ١
ʱѵϽΡ
˵ȥսϽΣ˭֪ߵսǰ͵زһǿҵΣд
ŮʶعͷͿϲĳ̴˹
˿ϽΡ
Ůɫһףʶ˿
ȻͿߵսǰͻȻᱧ
Ůŵ˲ɫٿˣҲһ𾪻˵ģ
ȴǻȻԼж಻Ϲأս˵úܡ
սˡ
-

299 Ļǹ

սų̡
ȻŴĸͷʹ̵ܹܺ
ֻʹü۴ЦһЦģ
Ҳ֪ԵʣǱ̫ã쾹ƽʱЩһЦͳؼΨһɫ
սЩˡ
κŻعЩȻ
ܿ𣬸ͷס̸Ϳڵӣ
ų̿
ͻȻЦڿΪβ˵
ûСս˲䷴رֱ׳ϵŸͷͿ㡣
ֻҪϣ̾Ͳ֪ڿü
̵ȷ֪ܿʵʧѵȲҪӣ
սЦү˵Цˡ
Ȳ
ôܣ
㳤úÿҲܺ˵˵ѽ
̫ˣ
ֲûбҪȲ
ȴͻȻʵǺ𣿡
ս߸ȣ
ӻȴ鼫õЦ
ս
Χ˿ţԥһ»Ƿˡ
ΧôˣҪĵڴ˳̣֪ʲôأ
ȼţϲ͵͵
Ͳ˵ȥ
ս˷ܵشСžţԴȵû̼ƽϡ
ȴź̺ߵ÷ɿ죬ûþͱ߳š
ͣŲʳͷΣǰ񲿰ŵ̶ӣԼͼ޵Ķ顣
һ̧̧ļױֵ
սֻļױֻһ̧Ҫ̫һٶʮ̧ҪЩ
Ȼ˭ֻ֪ϵĲˡ
ʵϣսļױɱ̫Ĺضˡ
ϾرڳЩƱȫսļױ
ǿǼֵ
ȻΪ̫ɽҼҴ壬Ҳչޣܲȫ޳ȥ
ʵϣļױͷΪصģҪ̫ӵƸ
̫ӵƸжƣֵܼ
ȻĻٹٿ϶һɡ
һΣ̫עҪսȥ
˿սȴûЩױӡ
͸ͷشͣĲʳͷΡ
ϾҪΣЩڴ
ʱ̷ֿˣ
룬̾ȻֱǰĲʳȥ
ƣǲȥķΣ
սʱˣȵȣǲߴˣ
ߴͻȻͷɵؿսֿΪλñߴˣ
ս
̫ţȻ¶ڶˣ
սģȴƽܿ棬Բŷүƺߴˡ
һ˵һ߱ϲʳŶԭ
ʱҲˣе񲿹Ա̲סѣ£ӦķΣϹء
俴ϹأǱ飬Ļǹأ
˵ͱս˲ʳսߡ
սһҲһ𣬿Ѿ˽ľѳۡ
ȥķΣҪЦ
Щ̵ţ̲סһ䣺ôͲʷ
Цǰ˱Ϳ˳ۣ㱾ٺãҲᵯȻˣΪҪίԼǱϲӣС¶޷ң
˵ͻȻץסս֣Ե˵ձô룬ӽԺ㶼Ǳ
սƳһۣų˳֣ûгץøˡ
ա
̳òץֶѣֲԿ
ʳڵòʵͷǿԿġ
ܲڳ͸̴
̼ûЦ
սط˸ۣ˭֪ʱͻȻ֡
սһ£һ¡
ȴʵڽ𣿡
ս룬ϸʲô㣡
⻰û˵ֿȻ²Щʲô
ţսȻЩͣϾǵһγӦúܽš
ְο㲻ýţȻ޸˱ȻỤ㡣
սҧүˡ
Ȼ˵Ǳġ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôսǵһδ飬ǵϲսͻȻһǿҵĳ嶯
˷ԣ˲ϹأֱӴǰսᱧ
סһ˲䣬ʧõĸо
·ʧ䱦ֻص
һ·ս߳ԸһȥΣǴ˲ʳ
·ֻŻðġ
-

300 飡

ܿһֵ
źź̺ͮͮĿϲ졣
ʳͣº󣬳һѽս𣬴²ʳź̺һ߽š
սһĿ⣬ЩԱ̻
ˣ˾Ͷ˰ɡ
Ժһʰ
˭˵л
һ̾Ȼֱӱս˽ŵòʹȥ
Ҳ̫Ϲˣ
̵֪Ƣҹ̲סԹսΪҪ֣ҲŶԡ
ôһ֣˽ô
֪սͲĺѡ
Ÿսž˷Ժ֪ҳʲô
ԽԽģսЩơ
սȻŸͷ֮Χһȫ
˭Ŷ⣬ǻ̱֪
ƣսܿͲˡ
ʶ֣ϵŲ򵥣ͲµӦЩݵ֡
ս𴽽ǣЦЩ
˼Ÿռ޹·ϡ
ôҵģȻֵˣ
ټʱˡ
Ů˵ģɲġ
Ҵ򣬺οһ֣
ŮôЩȻĺ
սɨ֣תת飬𴦡
ǰͻȻûһ䣬ǿҵΣС
ʶ̣̲ûпЩɻ
ô£
ôЩ
үû
ѵĴ
ֺɵؿ˺üۣȷûп󣬶ʱãոĴ
Ȼ̣˭ܸΣУ
ձȻ٣Ͼˣ˭Ҷ
־˿
ȻߵߣСѵүɣϹء
ԣſһۡ
Żʺߵˣź꣬ȻЩãȴûзֻǵ֪ôԼ¡
һݣʶץӣūס
˵꣬Ŀ⸴ӵؿս
սŸͷ
ȴǱúõãſڽ
ȻԵǾòһĵط
ǽҪã֣Щ
ԣս߽ȥΪá
Ȼս£ȴû÷ſֱסս֡
ϲۿһȫ۲صʵʵҲûԵ̫ʧ
ȻֿһĻȴòЩȥ
֣
ʵ̫ˣ
սү
ս߽ą̃׺żʱرѵСģǰ̨ף㡣
սʵһڳѵõǾúá
սһãȻ˾˵ʾ£ʼ
һء
ݸá
޶԰ݡ
ڳأÿһΣҪСĲ÷ڵ
սһһ̲סĥ
ôߣڶ׸̫ͽõʱǱܣ
Ҫ˭Сģõʱ򽫷ڵǾ̫ˡ
˼룬ͻȻ˺붴
⻰ս˲ڴ
ܺãڿԽˡ
ȻȥˣͰ˶ϳȥժ·ںúϢϢ
˭֪뵽ͻȻᱧ𣬴ߡ
սʶץסϲҧСүô˶ڿأ
Ǿǿˡߵ÷ɿ죬̬ţǱϲӣҪ˭Ǳˡ
ս
̱ϲǰĽѿ˷ܵظȥ
ﻹߺȵߣȥֶ
㿴ҿ㣬еӴģҲ͵͵ȥ
Ҫ֡
·˺̺һ·Ŵ̺ӣս߽˲úõϲ
ϲͮͮģսȥ󣬱ϲϣԼҲһԣĿ⸴ӵؿ
սһֱֱؿţ֡
̵ڿʲô
ѵΪܹ飬ɵˣ
ͻȻ˵֪Ϊʲôܾá
˵Ѿʹ󲽳˽磬Ҵϲˡôûͷǿӳʲô
̿ɫ˲ȥʲô
˵꣬俴ſڵķ
ո̽ͷ̽Ե͵Ѿ
һЦֱӸˣȥ
ƾʲô˿
-

301 ̵

Ѳȥûӳʲôأ
۰Ͱ͵ؿų̣硭
۾ǲãƤˣ
˲ر˵磬ͻȻеڿʣȳȥˣ
˵Ҳȳ̻ӦƵس˳ȥ
սһĻʱЩЦ
Ÿͷ̿ЦЦˣֻûЦ
ͻȻתͷֱؿ
սûڣ˲侯
ڿʲô
ʱںͷŮڸ˹
սͳ̰ãǻûȾƣЩŮپźǺȾƵġ
ս֣֮ǰǸƵҲڡ
˵ӣʵͲҲʮӡ
ܹźòȻ
ӲϣûͦƯǸ޵ĸˡ
ϵŴ綼һ㣬ɼǼеλġ
֪ģΪļҵĹ󸾡
˭뵽ˣʵϾǸź˵أ
սƳһ۾ջ񣬲ûа
ʵݣҪӶҪɵҲ̫ˡ
սûȴ˿ڡ
ŮٸŶ̾˵£˶ȥ
⻰һȫסˡ
Ҫнʽ
ܰǶϳȥأ
ʽôУ
̫Ϲˡ
ȴô룬һǸģɴں˵뷨
ۺŻʺϻûܹ
ڻҪս
˭أ
̵뵽Щ˻ûȥɫߣҪ·
Щ⻰ŵ˲Ұɫ¶󣬻æ̸˳ȥ
ȻţȴûңǾĵ̹ġ
սؿţЩ˹ͦãʡԺµ̡
ʳ̣үô˸ϳȥˣ
ۡ
ս
ˡ
λȻǸŰ˵ġ
ǳ˵ֱؿ
һΣٸɿţǳս֡
ս˲侯ʶ̧סʲô
Ȼǰʣµʽꡣ
Ȼ˵Ƴս֣ͻȻ˵ֵǲס۾Ȼܹ׼ȷסҵ֡
⻰Щζڰʾʲô
սֻүˣ΢ĩܸүȣ
˵үճȺǧҲȥ磬硣
˵檣ܾŸ̶˵ˣûˣô⡣
ս˵Ȼүô˵Ҿүԡ
⻰˵ü죬³̻һ
ͻȻֹŹֵĸоս͵仰ˣ
뵽ǽթӣ̲סЦڣԽҿĸͷ˰ɣ
սԥһ£֣
ͷ϶Ҫҿģĥȥͽǳ̲죬ɴ㣬ӡ
ûսץס˸ͷ
ͷòɫ˿飬ϸܷɫԡ
̴ʱȴûͷϵġ
ֻҿĸͷúÿ
ȻѾսӣɽ첻һ
Ǵϲӣսʢװ硣
սĳǷǳģ̹Ϊүľɫ٣ȴûһ˱ȵս
ֻǲ֪ʢװֻʲôģ
̹ţ;һ÷ɿ졣
ץŸͷȲҿ
ȻҪҵʱͻȻʲô͵֡
ս֣ôˣ
ôԥԥģɲӡ
䣬Ϳ˴ĻƽӸˡ
Ӹ˽Ӳӵģͨ嶼ɻƽ죬ø⾫ɡ
ͷú˶仨Ư
ֻӸˣٵսǰ˸ͷ
սЩȡ
֪ǸŰ裬˭Ҳӡ
˭֪ȻҲʽеʱ
ղֽҿͷȴͣ⻻˳Ӹˡ
Ȼⳡʽ
սͻȻЩ顣
Ϊûⳡ
޸̣һ۴˻飬Ҫڻ̫鷳ҲΪ̵ݡ
Ҫڣ̵ݻı
˵ףϲ̣ⳡҲڴĻ˵߸ˡ
û̳Ϊķޣֻˡ
ڿƺͦⳡ
һԱȣսͻȻԼŮ
սʱ򣬳Ѿ˸ͷ
ĸͷɫĳӸ𣬻ӷϻȥ¶սա
̲ˡ
-

302 

ֱؿսͷ˵û⡣
ʢװս̫Ũޣȴ㲻˾
Ϊ̫ǰиͷסսҿͷһ˲䣬˾޴Ӿ
𺳵һĻʹӡڳĵףҲ޷
սҲڿ̡
ͬǣ͵ԸͷҿʱǷӾǺǿҡ
̿ɵۣսȴͻȻɵЩɰ̲סЦүΪһֱңôÿ𣿡
̿ЦӣĬĬƽеļ
սױ̫ոЦʱ򣬾õţĵĻ꣬ҲƲۡ
ֱսڣŻع
ؿսͻȻЦȷʵܺÿ
ÿãҪ˭Ҳ
Ц̲ס֣Ҫս
սȴͻȻǳȻر֣ܿүúȾˡ
˵ѾߵǰƺԽҺյȻһյɫζ󣬵ݸ̣ү롣
ʶӹָظսָһս
սװµӣʣµһյ˸Ƶơ
üһЦͬؾһ񣬸һ˾ơ
Ƚǽյ£ƺƵ˺յ֮С
յ֬ɣ·ֻӵײͨǰѾҺһʣµһҲϡ
ֻյһӣȾƵʱͬ˱ذһ𣬲ܺºյеľҺ
Գ̵ƺ󣬾ͳսЦЦ˸ƣ뱾ͬ
սЦݣܾǹġ
û취ͳ̳˻飬Ʊúȡ
ò߹ȥ׼ͬ
Ÿոտ̾һѣ§ס˻
սܵҪȴ˵úȾˡ
ԥһ£ֻգȺ˾˵
˭֪ǺյӵʵڽܣȾƵʱǵһܵЩˡ
սδܹʮֲڡ
ƫƫ̻§һ
սܲϰܣֻúһھƣԱЩεĴ
ɾʱȴ̵÷ɿ졣
Ϊڳ̻ܹظ̵ܵ
˵̵ң㲻̰ţǾҵ
սӲڡ
Ϊ̽§˶ڳϣʵ̫ˡ
гǾҵҲʮֲ
ûд̳Ϊķޣǡһôأ
˿ɲǸ˵ġ
ҪǴһٰɡ
ֻҪӮ̾κβ
ڻǴ죬ЩͶûߣʵڲǴܵĺʱ
սҵţȺյеľƺ꣬˳һѣѾ꣬үóȥдˡ
ȻȫûҪߵ˼
ֽ֬ɵĺյϣȻͱסսӵڻͷҪ
սһϽֵ̧סүӦóȥдͣǻء
Ǿǵȡŵ˵Ǳӣæúܣйǣ
Щʲôдģ
ҪȥдЩˣ
սüͷؾ͸̴׾ı͡
ʱɾˡ
ŬסҪֵĳ嶯Ȱɫ磬үٲȥǸöˡ
̻Ȼ򣺡Ǻˣ
սԥһ£ҧˣǰҺˣүڿԳȥ𣿡
̺ܲȥսڻԺ᲻÷ſ
òϣս˵ȷʵû
ڻǴ죬ҪǲȥͷЩ˵϶˼롣
ǲʲôսż޸СƤ
Ҫٲȥǻв۵˵л
סеĳ嶯һ˵ͳȥ㰲ĵȱ
˵ſսЩؿһۣŴ˳ȥ
սȥˣ˿Ȼذѷȡױ̨ϡ
ˣҪûܣ²Ӷˡ
սţȻ˹ϡ
ֻ뵽̵̬ȣ;üͷ
սǿҵԤУǲӦֻޡ
̸ղŵӣѵǱ̫ˣ
ҪȢٸɵ檣
-

303 ò

ս˼һȢ檵ĺ⣬Ҳ룬ûö⡣
²һܹģܵʳ̵˼
ҪǳȢĻԺֻޣʱʰˡ
Ҫǳ̲Ӧ
ӦûӦİɣ
˲Ǵ
۸ŻʺޣٳﲻҲôŮˣ
˵Ҳ롣
úúʡ
ҪȢҲ˳۲С
뵽ԺһȺĿˣս̵۾
ͻȻеڴˡ

ǰԺһͱѲˡ
Ѻʣ磬ɩɩӽòÿ
뵽սž˫۾
Ȼ˵ܲÿ𣿡
ģѺ漫ˣʲôʱȥݼɩӣ
⻰̲õؿʣ
һȻˣϽطϣûУҲ˼
еѣⶼ
ӶϡǶӣ̫ѵˣ
и̣ȴ˵
̴Сһ𳤴󣬻̵֪ܲӣ
һ̵ɫ֪ҪǸ˵Ժ춼ʰ
һ뵽ȥ֧Ӿ˳˹ϸĿڣ磬ǺȾȥ
һ˵ȾƣͻȻһ
ˬؿųѣɫˣҼǵãʱ򣬿Ǻ˲ٵľƣ࣬ҺȾƣѵ롭
û룡Ѷίˣ磬׸磬ôô룡
˶٣ַɿ˵ˣϴҲϲˣݿ϶ܿ͵ûȥܵȥɣȻ֪ˣֵ˵ǹӡ
ɫȴû
֪⻰˵û
̫Ӷˣȥ̫Ӿơ
ȻŸˣֵ̫ܲͣ
Ҫʿ϶ʰ
̾ߵ߰ɣȥϴ󡣡
͵ĵطһ۾Ϳ̫ӡ
û취ȫ֣
̫Ҳ٣֮⣬ֻͳ̵˾ˣԼܡ
̿˾ˣɫͱ˱䡣
˾˶Żʺͬܵܣϧԯ޲˵ЧҵĶҲͬ
ųһЧһĵۣ游Уֵּܷ㱻
Ǳƾ췴λ˸ַҪǵ·
Ҫǻĵ۶ɣųԸӦϣѲһλ
ųһֱڰǣǼǶλˡ
ֻϧĵ۷ºɱʿƴӳ죬סһ
ȻǱסˣҲˡ첻㣬СӹǴ˺󣬲ò٣ӸǱ硣
ʼλصظ˺ʹ˸ۡ
ԺһֱڸܲͣҲϳ
Ҫ飬λ˿϶ˡ
Ǵųԣһֱ˳ۣȻҲˡ
˼һ˹ȥ
ȥʱЩִ١
СǸ
̿Ծִٲӣ̾˿
СžԭǸСϧԴӶų£䣬ǰá
Ƴ۴ž񣬿
žܽţվк硭
Ҫǻƽʱ̶벻˺ܼǳųԵԴĵ۽ԣҪ
ܴȣ
ʰǿĸϡ
ϲӣãøǼƽϡ
ĵءšһǻӦ
ȻͲžܣŤͷλ˾˺̫˵λ˾˺ʹõˣԷ
˵ͷǳɴغһƣȻȥڶ
ʱ̫͵طӦϲӣûҪƣҲпԭԷһˡ
˵Ʊ羴һϲ飬ףɪྴ
̸ϽƱؾл硣
˵㽫еľһ
ʱųҲ˾Ʊ̶ϲӣף޶ӡ
Ȼ˵꣬һԵĶӾͲѵף̫ҽ˵ڲƣҪԲưɡ
ųصͳ⣺˵ϲӣΪܲƶȣ
ž𼱵ÿˣǡ
ųûпǡ
˵Ҫ±еľƣȴһֻ
-

304 λҽ

ˣ˵û㲻ơסųǺȵβɡ
ųץžƱ̣ǲҲڳ˷ˣƶܺˣ
Ҳ˼ץסǿжľƱŶ˼࣬Ѳк󸣣Ժܺ
˵ͻȻս
սҽƺ
Ǹ򺲵ľˣǸӣȫκˡ
ȱ˴ϣҽû취ȫָͷ³ãԺҲõȳӡ
սֻһµʱ䣬ĶȻָ
ǸӣʱըˣҽûסС
սһ֣ͻָ൱
ųƣа취
ųʲôЦͻȻԳЦ̶㲻ðοˣͲƲܹסһѾ֮ңﻹࣿ
šüͷȴûж˵
οų˵ǲ࣬Ҫǵ治Աһֱڸﲻϳˣ
ҪȾƣ
ǲҪ
̿ųϧųϴһŽߣ
ųһʱ벻Ѱ˶̼Ͳͬ˵˺αԱ֪޾֮·Ȼ˵þϣ
ȻĻųˣﻹýȥ
ҪŻʺһֱ᲻ö޶ýĨ˲ӡ
Ҳµ϶ȥ˵ʵһλҽѾ˵ֻܹش׹ǣܹҵ˵ϣ
˵Ǹҽս
Ϊսܣط˶ӣ˵֪Ҫ޶˲ɡ
ֻƾһѰҵҽܸųϣֲڱ¶սܡ
ȻųѾ̫ƵĻڳ⻰š
º󣬽ͽһֱϻʵۺ󣬸ùе̫ҽ壬ȥѰҽ
ϧֱڣЧҲ
ЩþֶΣҲֻܹסܹӲдȥˡ
ˣҲ˼ꡣ
ô˶ûã̾ʲôҽʲôã
Ҳ۵Ķ࣬ҵõģ
ų˰֣ͱæˣûõġԼʱˣ㲻ôš
ţžȴҪš
һų˵Ҿͼˣ׻ö԰ɣ粻ƭ˵ģ˵Ǹҽܹ׹ǣ϶ģ
˵۰Ͱ͵ؿų̣磬ǸҽʲôʱҵֻҪܾȸףҾͰҵȫ͸
뵽սʱһû˵ЩػԺϱɣϡġ
˵
СӲŰҲУ
̫һ̾Ȼҽ;ˣܣ˵ģҽ
Ƴһۣ⣬ҫȻУ飬ѵƭˣ
̫ҫЩֵֹġ
û룬ֻǾã̴ҫܹҵôҽɡ
ǲ֪λҽǷóһȷʵ̫ˣܶ鶼㣬Ҫܹͺˡ
ʱһֱû˵ĴųͻȻ˵ҪôһλҽЩ˿ɡ岻ãǵܹκãҲЩ
Ȼ˵꣬ųһΣͲˡԽǵǣԽǻ
ų˲⻰ʲô˼׵ܵܣѵϣ𣿡
ųֱЦҪϣҺãҲӡ
Ҫųĵ۳ĵɱ
ųԲµʲô̲ס˵뵽ȻҪɱ㡣
Ǻڵġ
췴ýǵܹס͢»ĵ۲ɣһֱᶨƵֻ֧ĵۡ
ûٸĵ۳ıߡ
뵽ĵۻǲ֣˸ݰȥװͷ
³͢ɽ
ҲͰˡ
Ҫǣǲݰ˰̣ĵ۾ȻԸȥسš
һǲݰŵô򿪳Ͷ
ʱĵ·ܿ쳯͢
ֱڹ˰ѻ𣬰Լ˹ױۡ
뵽ȥĻĵۣųԾ̲סü
Ҳȷĵˣթ˳ȥ
ûԺ󡭡
-

305 Ů

ų뵽ǾյĿȫǵʬͺܲ
ҲͰˣûԺ󻹲֪Ҫֶӡ
ֻ̫УеģҲó˵
ο˱ϾСųǵܹӳ죬Ҳһ¡
ų֪ųԵⷬ˼֪ҪųԳ
ųԲһԻĵȫ޺øС
ĵһλǰ£һ˼֡
ô壬ɻĵ壬ԼŴԸȴǺݵġ
Ͱˣ֯һףΪˣһ·
飬ǳӵĶӦ
ֻǰͷͷ̫٣ӲΪ˻ֻ־ܣΪˣټš
ĵ۸˼壬ӵԽԽȲضҲڵ֡
ǰĵۣȲҪ
ųô飬ؿŻĵ۳
ԲŰаæҪǣǸֻǰĻĵۡ
ĵ۷ͨɱҲ֮УΪ޻ĵۡ
ǻĵԼϹĺڣҸ壬òݰǰȥƽѣȴ°ܺΪάԼ̫ƽԼνǲݰίΣαĻɣʵݣ
ųЩ飬̲סųԣû뵽ҿǸԸȥ룡
ųԱϾ׸磬λŻʺϣȻûųԣҲǳù
ٻϽͣ˵ЩֵĻ۶ųԵĲǾǰų·ơ
ųһ󣬾ûųԡ
ǵãǳ̴ϲӣֵ̫ѿ˳̵ĺ顣
ֶѾСôõĿ֮Ȣ˾˵ģܲﲻʹ졣
ųЭҾҰɣѾˣñ̫ϣѾ뿪ˣҲ̫⣬ܻѾ׬ˡ
ȴǲϷҪųæֵܿˣĿܻڣ
ֻսҽ̫ˣʵڲ͸¶˳ųĻ˵黳ѰҽҲȫΪ˶ˡ
˵䣬Ůβ裬ųá
̾˵ҾһлЩĹա
ųŲβζͷУΪҪ壬СûٳͳԷˡ
ɳһТģܹܲȷʵƣֻܡ
ųֻЭغ˲β衣
̼Ϻˣʱ˿
۳ųԣԥһ»Ǿһ
ųԱϾˣǿĸϣҲܰһ߲ܡ
ǽıͲ٣Ҷţ͸ܰųһߡ
ųԵɫܲÿ̾ƣǺˡ
ӣ˵ܲܵ˵棬˳̵ӡ
Χ˿һĻ̲µ̽ӦòǷ׷׶˾ƹ̾ƣϲ顣
ǻƽգԳ̵Ƣӡ
ʵǸˣԱ˾Ƹϲ߲ܡ
Һžƣʱ䲻֪͹ȥˡ

ϲսյпڹϣ̵سĲӡ
ƽһԵϣظŻ
ֽʱ򣬿ľеһĻ
ۿսͷϵķѾժ̺õͷͲõüͷ첽˹ȥ
ԽԽսҲԽ
ֻؿڹϣϸָһ鵭ɫ÷⡣
÷Сɣպһһ
ֿս촽Сɱµ÷У׽вɴΪ𶯡
ˣȴδĸսöĿԶʱ򣬶Ʋۡ
ѰŮԶΪ˱ΣСӵǰڳ
սȴȫͬȻһҲڡ
ˣսҲ˼ûУʹмһˡ
ֿսֻǲмһ˵εİƴϡ
սûпѾ㹻ѿ
ԴӰδܵ˵裡
ɫһҪڡ
ȻûüոջڶŻƽѾվʵô£Ȼ񣬻ֱ˭ĵӣôôûأ
һź֪ѾһλŮˣ
-

306 ѵ

ֺܿϥ񣺡ū澼
սû˵ԹԵسŵģ·û
û뵽սô͸ֻ֮üϥվţͬʱ˵ūܣĹ֣ûŮӣԺĴСūܡ
Ժ֮£Ҫᡣʲôطףֱū澣֪ʲôū澶Ȼ֪޲޲
սûзӦ
ӵһʼղϳòѵ֪ū澷ʺ֮չүȻū澶ᾡĸ
ֻɭϣƺǰɢںʱһģǵ͵Ĺأ˼Ϊһϸ
õģū澶ᾡĽ̵ءκβ֮ū澶ᾡְأ
ô˵Ҫ̽ս̬ȡ
սǲԸᡣ
ֲ˼ģսǼɵݣŹװûԸ
ͷһ֣
ĵӽսһֱû˵ԹԵվѵүȻ˺ƣүȥܱףأӦϲ֮ϣĵȴүع顣
Գ·ڣɢ٣ֹɢؿڹϣʵΥĪҪʧͳү
⻰һһֱûսͻȻЦڽ̱أǲ֪Ĺغձ
һū澣δ͸ֱҴԲѵؽ̱ء֪ģΪŮӣ
⻰˵̫أһûֿŵֻ䣬æ˵طˣū澾ð֮⣬ֻ˾ʵʧͳūǲѣ
սмЦʲôȻŮˡ˭Ҳûʸ˵˴
ƽһԵ̧°ͣǣҼҹŮӡʲôһ֣Ҳ·ϣѵ
ͷ޺޵ҧū澲ң
㲻ңҿҵúܣղû˭ģڿҪعأôԼȴعأ
ѵһ֣ݹأΪǰźʺͿ۸
ǻʺĶϱʲô˭㵨˲
Уʺϲúܣһ֣ͷ˿Ȳϡվ˻㻹·ϣҿǻˣ
ôҲû뵽Ĺ֣гһվȻᱻһСѾ裡
Ѿͷ̫ˣ
̲סսȥҲŮ
ǻʺˣսôĿǻʺ
ܲսؿȻˣȥ˱Ҫ
ûʵѵǶĿʲôãūΪĹ֣̰ī
սЦ˵ôʲôû˱֪ṵ̂īڱ˱ԭ򡭡ѵΪŮˣ˱Ҫɣ
˵꣬ƽװͰ͵˵ǣ˵Ҫ˱ȥ˱ȡô໰ʲôѲ̰īǮ
ɫࣺȻҪūȥȡֻ˱Щ࣬ҪСĿ۾
ս˿ڲ裺ǶԱʲôԿȥү״Ȼ˵Ҫ˱ͱ˰˱𣿡
ּѵؼһĨЦ˵Цˣūֻᾡְأūֻǵ۾ǵү
սȴøίߣֱӻʱ䣺һ֮ڣҪ˱ǱֻҸλӡڣȥ˱ˡ
ҧгݣūȥȡ˱ԵƬ̣
˵ʹ˳ȥȲȥ˱ȥˡ
սмЦ
ֿǵ̫õĹ֣ʩˣ̫ߣѾԼݣ
ȻĻ˵죿
ŮʵЩô
ɼȻԼǾͱĺݡ
Ȼ޸˳̣ĿίԼһͷ
-

307 鷳

ִǱսŵˣܿ˱
˱ʱÿսѾһӵĲˣƵسԡ
ζ΢΢һ󹧾˸񣺡ū澰˱ȫˣҪ𣿡
󻹴ӣ̧һڴӣӴ򿪺ͷװ˱
ս˶รһ
รϥһȻ첽߹ȥ˱˷
ֵʹ۵׵
Ҫսʲô
СѾͷö˱ô˱ǲԲȿ춼꣡
ȴรⷭ˼Ȼͷе˱˵ū澿˼õƺǵʽ˷֪ʣµЩ˱иʽ˷
սԣƳһۡ
รóױƽʱЩˣҲῴ˱
ԹŴļ˷Ǻ˶ร˱õľǸʽ˵ķӡ
ֻǱеĽƽⷨҪ鷳Щ
Բ͵͵д˽ƽ֪ⷨ͵״Ԫ¥
˵ʱʽ˷Ӧúܳˡ
οܹºдĽƽⷨ˳̣ӦԹŶԡ
ΪԺĹ֣õľȻǵʽ˷
Ḵʽˣ˲ͬ˱鷳
ô˱ܲǸողġ
Ҫôֵֻᵥʽ˷Ҫôһ˲ͬ˱ֻǹʽ˷˱
ʱûȷ
һǿȷģִô˱ǹ鷳
ô˱Ȼһʱꡣ
Ů˵Ľѵ
Ȼ˱ȴûǸڿӣҪ
ǣǻ
սЦȴûֱӷѡ
Ҫֻô˵
ֺܿ쿪˿ڣֻԶรûʲôɫɫøײƵģЩǵʽ˷Ժ棬ûôĻͷ
รȴûסͲ˵ȻˣǾøʽ˷Щ˱һ顣
ֲᣬūӡˢõĿ˱ֻ谴ʾĿдȥСԵȣūȥȡ˱
ร˵꣬̿ƽʹ˸ɫ
ƽ붮รȥæᶫ
ǰ̫ˣҪ룬ֻҪรһ֪ˡ
ƽȻеҲ֪¹ϵĿǼ£Ժܿȥˡ
ûãรƽͻˡ
ֿһֻۣƽһһ߶ߵӣЩ𾪵صɴ۾
ӿɲСˣõǺӣԲᡣ
ͷӦúܿհɣ
ȻƽһСѾͷôܰö
뵽ܿգ־̲סﳰ
ֱӰѿ˱ˣȻӸƽЦ
Ȼˣûء
ʱƽǰ֣鷳һ¡
ֿôһӣЩ
ͷյúܣرأôĹ֣ôһʲô
̧̧°ͣŵϰɡ
ƽҲûֱ֣Ӱӷŵˡ
ֿɣһûӣԽ϶ԼĲ²⡣
˭֪ʱƽͻȻӣȻΪյװոµ˱
˲Բ۾𾪵ؿƽ
ʱรһ˱ݸ֣µ˱õµĽƽⷨģȿﲻģֱū澡ūһ֪޲ԣ޲
ֻýӹ˱סе𾪡
ոǿӣ߳һ߶ټһ߶ĸ߶ȣԲС
ǿյģҲʮء
˱ôҲкüʮ
ƽһСѾͷܹͰˣȻܹᣡ
ԲͨСѾͷܹġ
ƽǻṦ
ȻģһСѾͷȻ
𾪣ⷭ˱
ıעǺܿ˹
ϾǾӴ˱ģӴµļ˷ʽҲܺܿ֡
ֻֻбעǿûȫ
һ뵽ԼҶรѯʣսǰ;쳣߳ܡ
ŭؿĿ˱޲ճ
þˣ˱⣡
˱ͷкܶСӣЩͷ
ΪЩʵ̫Сˣ˵ĻĿװ£
Ծ⣬͵Ц˱ӡˣͲã
-

308 ֱ

˵֮󣬾ۿŶร뿴ʧӡ
รûţһȵؿѵ֪ʽ֣
һͻȻЩʲôʽ֣
รóСɵļ±Ǧʣд09ֶ֣д㵽ţԼд㵽ȻָЩ˵Щʽ֣һλʿģüʵã˵ƽʱ˵ʱ
ÿҳ˻ǵôддһ顣ЩӾרΪʽƵģԱȽСɡҪǣĿһĿȻԾ˱
˶٣ִָ˱˵Щ˱̫ˡȫ꣬۾ǾЩū澵Ĺˡ
Щµ˱ˣܾܶ࣬༸ꡣŷ㣬ֲ۾
ū澵ģԸΪӶ໨˼źʺģū澸Щ
ֵҭ˵
Ҳ˵ģɶรһ˵û
ô˵
ѵ˵ร˵
ɶรû˵
ֻòԸ˵˵ûΪū澣Ǹˡ
รЦЦ˵ǾͷֽЩ˱һˣſأֿĪҪ̫á
⻰Ǻڲѡ
ʵ᲻֪ʽ˷ж෱
иʽ˷ʵǻģȻĻŻʺҲẓ́Ժ
˷ֱøʽ˷͵ʽ˷˱ΪҪս֪ѶˣŹ׵ʽ˷˱
Ϊ˱Ҫһ׸࣬ÿϺüܿꡣ
ԭţսģѧ߿϶ûˣ뵽ս߻иĶรһֲ
ˣȻڡ
ֻܰҧĬĬһѪս
รǸѾߣʲôʸ
Ҫս˵
սĿ⣬ûпֻ˵ȻֵĿûãȻȥ˰ɡʱ䣬Ŀٴ
һȻֻʱ䣬˲ʱǲ
ս˵Ǿ޷ʤΣﵹˣֻһֵλãֻһˡ
ֵƽý⡣
˵Ļȴֻ䡣
ս̫ˣ
Ҳǵģ˵ĻȴҪ˵
ԽԽ֣ﻹٷ
Ͻ˵ū澴ˣūͻȥЩ˱һ飬һµ˱
սҲֱรȥ
ūร΢Цϥһߵǰ֣ɡ
ûҷսһ񣬲Ŵ˳ȥ
ߺƽ˷ո̫ˣ
Ȼ˵ͱһۣ˵ʲôأѾԺٽдˡ
ǣոū澴ˡƽЦ˴˵һ飬ո̫ˣ
սƳһۣˣϻˣҲˣȥԵ㶫ɡ
һ񣺡ūʹȥ
˵ƽ˳ȥ
ȵսԵòˣִŮһʰ̡
ŮųԿյӣľѣ̲סƳսһۡ
ôҲû뵽սݵģȻô࣡
û࿴
ֶս˿һССŮҵս
սһʰַ֣
ͬʱҲ֪Ůӡ
˭죿
սĺһֱ˰
ۿɫǰԺд͵ĳҲϲ
սʱֳһ٣Ȼϴ˸裬ķϼ
»ϵ·Ǵɫֻûô
սƤףĺɫϾԵøޡ
̽ʱսոϴûãںڵĳɢţรվڰͷ
ůɫսϣ˶ʵůɫԵƻá
Щ⣬ݺ̲ס۾ֱؿ
Ƭ̺ͻȻ󲽳սõضԶร˵ȳȥ
սϲ̫￴ţͰ˶˳ȥֻʣһรͷ
һรҪٳȥֻʣͳˡ
ร̵񿴵һģ̲סս
ս˵ȥɡ
-

309 ձץס

ս˻รֻ˳ȥ
ū澸ˡ
ȥʱ˳ֹ˷ţֻʣ³̺սˡ
ս̲ס֣ļϡ
սܲϰߣ˲˸顣
ҳ̿ϵľζ˲ıǼ⡣
սʱЩϵľζ̫ˣȥϴ衣
̲Ը⡣
ʱȥϴ裿
̰ؿսǿǱ
˵ٴ֣Ҫס
أսЦһ˲һת˳̱
ү˲ٵľƣѾˡԻȥϴ裬侲侲ȽϺá
ת˫ͻȻŵʣҪǲȥأ
սЦүɱ˵۸㡣
⻰ͻȻòԾʲô
Ļû˵꣬ͻȻǰսһһ㳯ƽ˹
˲쾯壬ܵؿʼ
սûҪֲأֻһȭС
̵ķӦȴǼ죬˲ֵסȻҪսץס
սһߣ֣ͣ˺һ󣬳Ҳûץס
ȻúЦžӸµĳȻ֣ǱӮˣǲǾͲȥϴˣ
ȻģͷսϵĲԾ
̲ס̾ٶȺÿ죡ƾ㣬ɲǱĶ֡
սû˵ֱֽŲãһȭߡ
ԽԽٶֿþˣȻ󲿷ֵϻǰ˺ü¡
һʼڸ񵲣ֽԽԽʹЩˣôô󣡡
սϴЦү֪츳ȽϴүǾˣүԸ䣬̾֡
ɫˡ
ս䣿
붼룡
̱ߴ˵ձȰʿɶֹȻҪģ㵽ʱɱޱӣ
սЦүԣʱ˭ޱӣ
⻰ɫˡ
սʲô˼ѵޱӣ
뵽ɫһ䣬ϵ˲
սܵϵƱ仯齥
Ȼ
Ѹٳ֣ٴγսץȥ
ٶȼ죬ֱץסս
սѸٷ
ڳֱ۵Ѩλϣ֡
һδȥȴǴһεͷ
̰ûУǹص˿
׼ûбǹ˵
ȴûץסһֻ󣬰α˻
Цձ㻹Ҫ𣿱ͻȻãҲͦ˼
սöһȣ̲סЩ졣
ʱ̱ڻһ
һַǳָơ
սеĵ⣬ŤͷһЦүĺȶˣȻô£Ҿͷ㵽׺ˡ
˵ϵ͵һͬʱ˫źݺݲĽűϣ˳һֲ
̱ɿ֣Žűʹ˾ʹ
սûѳȥȻһתһǱ
ʶס壬Ȼ͵ذһ¡
Ϊ壬ûôˣеۡ
üͷЩ˵ձҪҪôݣ
սЦеؿⲻүԼ˵˼𣿡
ͻȻЦҲãʵȷʵܲʸΪĶ֡
һ䣬ϵٴȥ
ս˲侯
֪Ҫˡ
ǹǱᵽ
Ǳ˵Ѿܹš
Ѳɣ̾νţ
ʵҪôǿΪʲô췴ʧܣ
ز˳
սܿ첻ٶ룬̼ȻڵʵδĶ֡
ýԴаи

ս˵үɵŵطɾסүִݲСҪǴʲôȥͲˡ
ֱЦˣղôûŵҪھ֣֤ͣʲôƣ
սЦЦǿɲУү¸߰Ϊֻүˡ
һơ
Ȼսղǻ
˵ȷʵûϲҪǶ̫󣬴ȥɲ
Ҫǣ˿϶ΪԻ²֮ҹ
Խֵʱ򣬳̾ʹø
кüܹսȴΪй˼ɣÿζ˳ȥ
ֱʱҵᣬץս˵ϡ
ձץסˣ
-

310 ޳

һڣǵ⡣
һ˲и
սץסᣬʩ˸ɾ͵ط
ΪһֱץţսʱҲʹ˳һ
˾ڵϴ˸սѹڳϣĻᡣ
ȻһЦүǵ̫ˡ
Ҫȴսѹס˺üζûܷ
սþˣѹϵʱѹһɽѳѹ
սӣͻȻˡ
ôã˵ʵЩˡ
ԴͻȻһֱûˬظдΪߵЩ˸ûĶ֣ÿδûˡ
û뵽Ȣ˸εεȻܹôá
ԽԼ׬ˡ
ôڵϣֻЩܵ˵ձôأıɱ׷𣿡
ս˲Ǻ˭ˣֻȽϴѣ
þ³ǹģԻѹû
ʵһֱЩҪүġ
Ŷʲôһ˵һ߷ſ֣ܲ˵
սԥһ£ûܣҾ˵ȽϷ㣬ôү̫ˡ
׼õЩҪ˵ǵø֡
ԻǾ˵ˣڱѹţͻȻҲˡ
ǻȴ˲˷ǳõԤС
ܿ쾯ʣû˵ʲô
ս뵽׼õЩɿһЦеʣүɲʲô뷨
檣ͻȻµʲôЩؿս±ɲ檣
ߣ֪ˣ
ԽԽ⣬ֹʵѲɣ㻹ռ
սһ⸱ӵģ˲Ǻˡ
ƤЦⲻЦ˵ô᣿ҺôҲǶŮ롷ģ֪ΪӣӦȡ
οүΪΪүˣү֦ɢҶ
үܷģҾǵƶʵĶʸүǿļҵĹܽӻ
ϾúѡʱүѡһЩˣںԺүã
һʼЦõ⣬ţϵЦݾʧˣɫԽԽ
Ҫͬʱŭ˵ձ֪˵ʲô𣿡
սһȻϽסүôˣȣѵ𣿡
ȣǣ͵ץס֣һȥ汾ѡˣ
սЩүѵϲ
ʲô
ողԼ˵
ʲô
ȻϲҧгݣޣֻҪõģ汾ѡҲԣЩ˵ĳ֮ϣ
սʱЩɵۡ
֮ϣ
գգۣүãҺƯ
̶ʱ߳ŭ˼˼ǣѡˣܲԴγðɣ
ǣҪѡʲô
սصһۣүôܹô룿ΪǸүѡˣԴγã֪үϲʲôˣ
̿ǸԾԾԣ·޲̸ѡ˵ļƣʱһãľͺܺá
ȡսЩߣүȻ۹⡣
̿챻ˣ̲סʣΪȲҪѡˣͲ±Щۣ㳹ʧ裿
˵ͻȻְ̧סսָ˵Ȼô汾֦ɢҶβϽСӳ
սŵһѳֻʵ֣ʲô˭㶯ֶŵģ
ɫһڣŭǱǶҹѵ㻹ñ㣿
ҡһСսźͻȻЩ飬Ҷûǣүܲôްɣ
̶ʱˣޣ
ձ㡭
սһɫ֪Ҫ˵Ŀ϶ʲôûԷɿүҪҪվͰүѡˣ
ԭĿģ˲ˣսǰ˵ʲôҪˣǲˣ
Цǵã³㼰ǵӡ
ս˲ס
³
Ȼô
Ҫǲ˵Լ켰ˡ
̺ܿЦûǰɣҲʮѣԵȣ
սЦүǿ
ҧгݣǿ
ս
ˣúҩǲˡ
-

311 ׸״

үս˿˵ԼĴ㣬үĺ¡
۾ʲô
˸ղŵ̵棬ֱսҪ˵Ĳʲôû
սܿ˵֪үһֱ׳־ҿ԰үԸֻΪүֻϵķޡȵү³ɣһԶ磬λøʵˡ⣬үԹˣ֦ɢҶҾ棬үΣ
òΡ̿챻ըˣձǲΪû취
սһϵƲԾϽסųӣЩ⣺үΪ𣿡
̿Ǹӣˣ㲻Ϊķޣ˭ΪķޣǸǫȵϱ
û˭Ϊķޡսüͷ¸ǫʲôϵô֪
ߣ֪֪иȵϵ򺲣κ򺲵ȣڲμӻԡ
ҧгݵ˵̲סЦǸӵǺõúܣǵãλҲǲзϣ㲻κǣǶôãǸǫøСƵģѵϲģ
⻰̫ˣսĿ
ֻЩ⣬̲ʶûðɣбҪ
ѵΪͳԴˣ
սĿŹֵؿų̣һը˵ӣ̲סүûŵʲô
ʲôʶţȴֻŵսϴĵζ˲侯ҩ
ս
ص˳һۣȻ˵ôһζүѵûŵ𣿡
˲Ǻʲôζ
ôûУҶŵˣ˭Ѵ׸״𣿡
ձ㻰Ҷ㲻ķޣǲΪǫ
ȻǡսؿôСǸûĺӣȵү㣿үѵԼôûģ
̵ɫ˲õѪЩڵƿߣ֪뵽ʲôͻȻתĿ⣬װͰ͵صսȻԼģֻǶ۹ûġ
˶٣ʵ˵ûǫΪҪκ򺲵ȣѵ㿴ϵǡ
̣սγˣٸҺ˵˵ԣҰκΣһѵĶЩϣ
ѹ췴ʧܣôҡ
ԭ⣡
ӵôģ
ѵǴ˵еɵɵ
̼ˣЩ顣
뵽򺲸ӣ־һֱܹ˼
Լ̫˻ɣĸ׷ǹʣ㲻κǫҳ˲رǸӵĵúܣ壬Ҳûκǣ
˭˵ûκǣսؿеҽУûȷαֱӸƣȻҪҸ֮֡ԸƣǸպָպúʰˡ
ս˵ͻȻЦүǶҵһǸˣү˰ɣ
ô˵ʶԼƺˡ
Щ飬뵽ս̬ȣòС
ǹ˼㣬ֻżȻЩɣ޷ȥ
ô޷ˡ
˶٣ֱ׳˵Ҫ˵ķޣô룿Ȼ㲻ϲǶԸӣΪβԸķޣ
ԣձĴ
ܹ
飬ֻҪǸ˾Ͳ̣
ս飬̲סҡһĳɼңѵУûвȥұˣѾ˵˻ˣ㻹ʲô֪ģ
̷ŭŤͷر᣺˵ˣֻҪõģЩӹ֬׷ۣϣ
Ĳˣνǧ޾ɫĿǼˡϵǧǧ򣬻ӦоУƯĴڣֻҪȥңҳ
Щֲ㡣ͻȻתͷĿƵؿսжˣֻҪ㡣
ս˲ߺɵؿ
ðΣŻعԳЦүֻһʰˡԺˣȻϲɡ
ү׳־ڶŮ˽飿պ³ɣ˵үѡүǵý˵Ļ
ͻȻ׹Ǿñպ㣬ŲԸΪķޣ
-

312 ڸʲô

ѵ𣿡սԳһЦԹ˼ͷ
˭֪ͻȻʵ˭дģδ
ս
ŬһʫƺǺеġ
ͺˡ
ȣϿģ˭дˡսѸٷܹȥȻַʵѵ˵үԸȫµˣ
ԣȻռͻȻ׹ҲûղôˣռֵıպģֻϵķޣҪˣ
˶٣ʵձǵˣͲȷҪűҪ˱Ůˣ
սˡ
̵˵˵㻹СԵ㣬˵ԺͲˣֻҪ㡣
ү˻棿սɵؿ˵үͣѪյʱѵү˲һ
붮˼Ȼܵ˼裬˲伤ʲô񣿱Ȼ˲һˣ
սЩš
Ҫܹס壬ǻ
Ͳų̵ˡ
Իһʼ˵ȽϺá
Ȼ̲ס͹Թˣ裬
αسǿء
̱սǻɵ̼òᣬ˲ձǻˣ
ս̰ס
ȴˣڴ˯¡
Ȼ㣬һг㣬õ߹⡣
·׻̫˵㣬ǰֲķϼͲܱȡ
ս֮ǰ͸̴˺ܾã˴ȥսϵ´Щˡ
һսҪסЩɵ´ڼֲס˵Ľгɿ
ս½˲ɢ˿
·ǲڳ߹⣬ɢ죬Щ߹⣬¶СƬļ
滹žӨĺ顣
˲俴ֱۣſԽԽ죬ͻȻѪ
ս·ɿ󣬾Ͱ뵽̵ķӦȻô
˲ǺȻӰһֱӴӳʧ˸ڵԡ
̫ˣϽϴ裬Ȼ˭֪ϻ᲻մʲôණ
̽ӲڵϣԡﴫĶɫ׺ˡ
ѸĨȥѪȻܵؼн˫ȣڵ
ȻԽԽԡﲻϴˮʵ޷ġ
ʵڴסͻȻվߡ
ָֻסţ͵ͣ
ԣҪȥ
ҲĶҹ
Ҫڳȥˣȥ˻ô룿
˵ϲ
ǻʲôë
Խ룬ɫԽڡ
ӲվһͻȻ˨˨תԡ
ԡսϴ˸裬ͻȻнŲԡ
ɫ͵һ䣺˭棿
̵Щ䣺Ǳ
ս˲㡭ʲô
Щ˵Ҫϴ裬ûУˡ
սŵøϽ˵ȵȣվסϾͺã㲻
ɲó̽˭֪᲻ͻȻ裿
˵ѸһϽ·ϣҲ˲ȰϵˮɣѸٹ·Ҵ˳ȥ
ȥٲ
վԡſڣԥҪҪȥͿһɫӰͻȻ˳
ʶһۣȻ;ԽԽȣ̲סʵôͳˣ
սصһۣôˣ㲻Ҫȥø㣡
˵Ҫ߹ȥ
̿¶˫ȣճŵʪ£̲סס
ûҶ
һ֣ͻ᳹׿Ʋס
սǰ˵ˣûǣҪʲôŮ˵ֱ׳ظʲôޡ
Ųɣ
ԼջĿ⣬ѸٳԡҨһưˮֱӽϡ
ԡսϵζ
ζر𣬳ǰδŹȴ־ʮ
ȻζֻԽԽȡ
ðһͰˮȫͷϣԼ侲
Էսǻˮü
ڸʲô
ˮôô죿
ʶ̽ͷһۣʲô͵طӦ
ոڸʲô
ʲô
ҿʲôȻһʲôÿģô죿
սϽ˶㣬Ѹٲ壬ֻˬ˯£ȻرСĵذԼ˱
Ϊ̺ܿһֱؿԡķ
˭֪һʱȵˣ·ĳ̲Ƶ˳
սϽִ񣬾ؿ
˭֪ͻȻаЦڵȱޣ
սȵصԲ۾
-

313 һͲ

ս𾪵ؿų̣ôҲûʲô뵽ǳ˸裬ƤȻô
ѹԡôã
ǸԼźƤ
үˣսҧгݵʱ䲻磬үȷʵþˡûطүãүط
һߵǰⴲͦ˾˯¡
սʶӣүǰ˵Ըȣѵھ뷴ڣ
ձڽţ̿ŲѵӣͻȻ˲٣Ȼ˵˻ȣͲᶯ㡣
˵һӳڴϡ
ս뱻ǱӸסֻܺ˶㣬óλ
ò˵ⴲȷʵܴ
˵ˣ棬ҲǴ´ࡣ
˭һ׼ôĴ
һͲ
Ҫ̵ֶܼã
ۿѾսɫˡ
̿ЩôˣѲ뽫ϳȥñ˯ĵطûУ
սе
Ѹٷϣүˣôô룿ʱ䲻磬˯ˡ
Ȼһʼȷʵôģ飬ܳϣ
ս˵̹꣬űתųŲ档
ܴһȥ֮ľԶˡ
̿ſճλãͻȻЩۡ
ձбҪ뱾ôԶ𣿡
սرû˵Ѿ˯ˡ
ֱЦˣãܺã͵죡
˵Ҳߺߵعתսж˼
ս͵͵һۣͦԶʱ˿
ˣ
ǿǡ̫ˣ
̼죬Ȼ͸ַ˯
ս͵͵⣬ű۾׼˯
ȻԼ˯ţӶ֮ǰֵĻ档
̵ʵǳԤϡ
Ȼܹʲô˵ȥ֪üˣ
֪󲿷ֻЩȭŹھ
ܹھģѾǸ֡
ģû˵
Ÿˣھ꣬ͱȳ̴ö࣬Ҳû
˵Ҳ̫ˡ
ս̲סᣬͬʱǿҵΣС
ƺˣڵʵ÷ǳֶεĻֻǿ̴ƽ֡
Ҫǳ̱øǵöһЩǳֶΣĶ֡
Уǵüӽ
ڳ̾Աߣ϶ܶռ
Ҫ͸ҵæ϶ûʱ
ս뵽̲סֳ̿ȥ
һһСʵү˯𣿡
ûӦƺѾ˯ˡ
ս೤ĺŷġ
ȻĬĬСӣ۾ʶ˿ռ䡣
⻹׺ѧķӣʶռͻԶ˯ʶڿռʲô
ʡʱ䣬
̫ˣսòУɲ챻̴úмֻ֮ΪΪ
ʶռսûϾ˸ˣܲϰߡ
սѲռ䣬Ȼ͵͵ع壬鿴˳̵Ķ
˯ˣŷĵٴνʶռ䣬ʼ

ȷʵ˯˹ȥ
ͦΪԼ˯ţ˭֪սϴĵζȻֹİĸУ֪˯˹ȥ
Ȼ˯ȥûãجΡ
ʱ䲻֪ȥȴ˯ԽԽȡ
ͻȻ͵۾һ۾һƬ
ܴɫͻȻסˡ
Ȼ͵ת˹űͷս
ս˯úܰȣȫýţֻ¶һС
̿˯գͻȻ˸ղŵΡ
Ƭ̣ͻȻŲ˽ȥűһһѽս˻
һԼžãڰˡ
ֻ뵽ղŵΣɫͱԽԽ
Ĵ󲿷ݣѾǲ̫ˡ
ֻǵãսﲢûм޸Ǽ޸Ĵ
޵ʱأھ
ԭǸü޸ġ
ʱѾ⽫սͻʥּû£սͳ⣬ò޸
ҹǳ£ΪľǲȢսͬʱ
Ȣȴֻϲ̨ıá
Ϊս۸ƣߵѾߣƵ˺֡
̻еһУֻԽԽۡ
̲סսøЩ
ȻĴ󲿷ˣǼǵõľ
-

314 ձռ

սڻûôʹˡ
̰עս˯գֱ۾ˣر۾ղŵΡ
ȻǸǳܣٿﵽ׷ʲô
֮ǰ˴룬ֻǵǵһЩݣкܶؼȫ˸ɾ
ԼָоǵǲַǳҪ
սȴѾ֮Уʱ֪ѹͲ֪Ѿ̱˻
ֱɫ΢ս˯
ʶͻȻòԾ
ô£
ôˣ
ս͵۾Ȼͻأؿ˳̷ŴĿ
ʱ˵üֻһָһ
սһۣľǳ̽ߵ
һܵҪƿ̡
Ȼ˫ֶڱֱαţʱһ޴Ĳϼ롣
һûܰѰѳƿ˹ȥ
սֻôһʱ˶ˡ
ûĸܹķǳϰ̶ֳȵܡ
ƫƫȫȫϣüλ۾ӻͣԽԽϲ
ȻܲϰߣûԤе
սͻȻЩڣ֮ǰľ̫çײˡ
ļƷô˱ˣϸеԿ
Ҫԣ
ԺҪǸұŮˣң
ս뵽̽յ˫ͻȻˡ
ս
͵ԴȻһ޹ؿų̣װոʲôû
̣
Ƭ̣ͻȻЦ˵ģķޣոʲôȻñ˯ʱռˡ
ûУ˵ո⣡
սط˵ͻȻԼ̱ڻ˵үΪβԼʲô˵õķֿ˯үʰɣ
˵õģ
˭˵õģ
̲ˬһֱ׳˵ⲻֱܹҹͻȻ˹ﻹһֱ䣬סͣ˵òǹİɣ
սˡ
˵ʲô
Ҫ
ǿߣẰ䣿

ʶ˿ռ˯ģᶯ
սҧгݵЦүΣ
⻰ó˲Ρ
ֱؿսһͻȻаЦ˵ˣȷʵ˸Ρ֪μʲô𣿡
ս첻˵ڶԳ˵İֶš
ȴ˵ͳƣμռˡ
սȻţó̾ǹô˵ģΪľǸۺڹԲмЦһ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿ
ʵû˵ѣΪȷʵμˡ
ֻսװø褺ƣʱƺɱԺ
ʱˣթѣսݲá
װʾˣӣ߶
ʵڹŹ֣սѾ޸еһУȴз·ķһÿμʵʹ֮С
û뵽ǣ֮Ȼܹս֮ϲ
һʵһֱռıˣֻǲϳϰˡ
뵽սͱù
սһͲµ϶û£ʱˣں˼ʲôιʲô£ҿǺȶˣ
ǺȶˣȵӶͿˡ
μʲôãȻμռıˣôܻ飡
ĿؿϻĴϣոʲôúղŷ͵ױѵռıˣ
սæ⣺ո⣡˭㱧ңҶˣôģ
̲Ųô˵ֱߵô˵ռ˱ıˡռ
սô˵ʱˣһûˢ
еĳ̣
˲佩Ӳˡ
սץסᣬ̳סҪ
Ϊӹ̫ڳ̻ս򿪱ӵʱڳϲ˺ü¡
ΪźıӣԼûʲôоģ̾Ͳˡ
˲ٸսղŵռ⣬ƿӾͳ䡣
սȵؿǼеıӰüǳӵصóһ²⣺ܵô죬ѵ򼱣
óҪ
սò׶ӣղŵΣ¶˾ģԲٸһˣ
ɲһأ
´սʶҪȥϴȻߵſڣͻȻ̻棬Ͻͣ
Ҫת뿪ͻȻ洫ֵ졣
-

315 ҩ

սǹ죬˶䡣
Ȼʵ˵ĴϢѹֵƺߡ
ʱ䣬ս˶Ӳˣѵڡ
˲ǺתϽˡ
֪ʵˡ
Ϊ̺ܿʹ˳
ϵ·ģǱ
սŲ󣬹ⲻȥȴҧгݵ˵ձ㿴ɵĺ£
սʱˡ
ô
Լˣ
תͷȻˡ
ϵ·ң¶˴Ƭ
ؿЩ¶Ƥϣкܶϵĺۼ
ЩۼȻ̫ǳһŪġ
սܿ뵽һܡͳ̴һܣѵǸʱŪģ
ʱѾ˹ڵļƣȻ˵ġ
սʱЩ飬Ͼȶ֡
̺ܿǰһѳ·¶ϵĴƬϺۼձ㿴ĺ£Ǳĺ
սȻͦ飬ͱ˵ֲˣ̣ҲȫҰɣҲˡҪû֣ͣˡ
ָԼϵۣ˼ѱǱĴˣ
սۣʱ
Ȼתһ룬ֵʱҲ˺ü°ҲˣҪ飿
սϽ·Լûˡ
ӣ鿴첲Ȼ첲׻ģָ׸ǴĺӡӶûС
죬㿴ûˡ
̿һĻ;ˡ
˵Ů¶첲Ѿ̫ˣսȻ棬¶첲죡
ǡ̫
ôձ㹻ˣ㻹֪֪ߣ빴𣿡
սһ£̧ͷһŷֳѾǺ
Ҳ֪ߵģġ
գգۣͻȻ֪ػɭϵĹŴɲǱȽϿŵִ
ʵոֻǿ¸첲ҲֱӾͰ·⿪ˣûų̡
˵ЩʣҲó̵ķӦôɣ
ںôǷ޺ðɣ
ټ֣
ܵ
սĬĬ︹̣·ȻƳ˳һۣϣ׻Ǿùⲻȥ
ߵױ̨ǰӳȡһСӣ߹ȥݸ˪ԻѪֹʹȥĨϣĦһ¾ͺˡ
̿һۣȴûӣֱ׳˵ﱾҩ
սʶܾûԼ
̧°ͣϵˣȫǰ͡ǲﱾҩȻ֮󣬱һʵ游ĸһŮ޷֮
ս𾪵ؿвң
ɫĮֻʵ˵
ս̫Ļôɵؿų̣Ͳ¶
˭֪̾ȻȻ˵Ҹĸ״ΪҪ¶
ıֱ̫׳ˣսһʱ޷жϣ˵ĵǼ١
Ҫǳĸ״ᶪ
ԾƬ̺սֻҧ˵УҸҩүһҪŵ
ҧгݵͻȻЩڡ
뵽սѵõ׽ᣬԳ̻ѹеĲѸѵ£ҩɣ̵ס
սɴĶҲЩûڡ
ѵ̫ˣרŵǾ仰Ƶġ
ˣܲ
οǳҪġȻԼûŹǰɣ
үҪˡ
ս˵̵꣬˵£ֻһ˹ӡ
˪ɫѩףϸ֬ɢζ
սһ飬ԥһ£ߵ˳̱ȸĺҩ
ǰĻܾ̫ˣܲϰߡ
Իиѭ򽥽Ḻ́ȽϺá
˪Ĩڳ̼ϣĨ󣬾ͽѪ
࣬ëϸѪѳѪ׵Եʡ
ֻҪѪ֢ͻָ糣
ս˵ĵطܿ
ҧţƲ·ʹ˲һ
սһʼЩôЩ
ҩҵİĦַЧǳá
ǹ̻Ƚʹһ˾̣Ҳ᱾ܵض£ƺ
ộĺѵá
ôţǲط˸ӻ͵İĦַ
ֻǽģս̲ס̵
ȣ㿴ûб˼
˭֪һͿ˳ϵ˰̡
е̣мʸµİ̺ۡ
սͻȻɫ
-

316 Ҫڸʲô

ս۾Щؿųϵİ̺ۡ
Щ̺رۡ
̱֪ڿʲôͻȻ̲ͣסתͷҪҩôͻȻ
˵սָһ̺档
Ķó̺ܲϰߡ
ʶ壬Щڵüͷҩҩòã
ս˲ˣ
ҡ
̵׻᲻˵
һ£ôˣ
սѸһ˪Ȼرڳ̵ϣ
ͻľʹó̲סһ

սͻأĽһЩ飺ʹ𣿡
ûصҪҩԣ
˵⻰ͻȻĿƵؿսһԾԾԵģ
սһ֪ʲô̾һѣЩе˼ûˣʲôҩ˵ˣ
̣治롣
սܿ󱳵ĨҩȻ첲
͸ǰغ˫ȡ
ս͵͵Ƴ۳ϵļ⣬Щ
뵽˵Ļ־ˡ
˵ֻޣҪھȥе
ǣָкܺõӡ
ԵĻеԲԼ
ȵȣں˼ʲô
ֻǸҩѣ
ֲǹռˣʲôþģ
ǳԼϵҩǱƵģ
ôһ룬ս˲ֱ׳
һ¹˾ӣߵǰһ˪׼ҩ
ųϵ࣬ս̲ס顣
ϵôôࣿ
ô
ϧҲ˴ģֻķȽ϶û֤ݡ
ôһ֪ĻΪǵԳ̼ұء
Ҫ˿ϵˣԩˡ
սƵذҩĨڳϣ˭֪ŸհҩĨͻȻץס֣ɤ˵ˣʣµԼͺá
˵ͻȻվҩӾʹȥ䡣
ս״æסȵȣ
͵ͣͷҲصʣ㻹ʲô£
һװͰ͵Ҫڸʲô
սóһСӣȥĨڰ̺棬̡
һ⻰תĹӣɿ򿪿һۣ˵ģĿ̣Чô
սǸеģͻȻЩ
ոôף죡
ƲƲ죬û˸ӣ˾֪ˡ
һ£ҩӾߣȥԡ
˵ܽĨҩ
սط˸ۣöรǽʼ·
ȸϵҩȻСĴ̵ҩӣ˵̸࣬СĨڰ̺ϡ
ҩĨȥ󣬲ûԵı仯
ԥһ£Źʣµҩ࣬ûмȥ
Ҳֻȭͷ㣬ͷҩ಻ࡣ
˷ѡ
ҪãǾ͸Ӳ˷ˡ
˵ݣⶫҪ̣˵ܰѶ˵κáĻ˵ܺһЩ
뵽ųǴߵ̲ס̾
С̸࣬Ȼȥսʡ
˭֪·߳ȥʱͻȻһЩ죬ֺİŮˡ
𾪵ؿɰûˣ
˵䣬ɰǰĿƵؿ
ǵãɰпªİ̺ۡ
ɰȥźսʱټ
Ŷãɰϵİ̺۾Ȼʧˣ
Ҳ˵̸ã
ԽԽ޲̾ȥųҩ
ɰȴ÷ǳڣɴϥ񣬱ܿȵߣūɰү
ЦŻ˻֣Ȼ㣬ûϴɣ񡣡
ɰϵİ̺ûˣͶûȤ
˷ܵսǰֱؿɰκõģõ̸ࣿ
ս͵ɰ˶õҩ̫һ
̲ںϸڣִŵ׷ʣϵ˰κõİɣ̸֮ǲҲ˰ȫȫȥ͸ûܹһ
սϾؿȻôִţЦŴȤԭүôЩ̺ۡ
⡭̱Цò˼ʶ뷴ͻȻ뵽ʲôǸæ˿ڣ˵ˣǺЩ̺ۡﻹж̸ࣿٸüޡ
սƳһۣüޣΪǴײ𣿡
-

317 ų֮

ս˳һۣܿдʵ˵̸಻ףõĻҩġ
˵ҪЩҩģдŵӣ㣡
ս
ʧˡ
˳ǸȰܻܣĿܱס
սˣȻҪڣͻȻ⡣
ԣΪʲôҪˣ
ΪĺҩĿ϶١
ҪĻǱ˱ˣ
ԲУ
˱ˣء
սȡֽʣѸٿʼдҩĵӡ
쳤ӿһֻۣϵҩ飬廨ţ඼Щϡҩġ
˳ǡ
ҿ϶ЩҩľԲ̸ֹģս϶Ǽд˽ˣ
ûвսдҩĵӣЩЦ
룬Լܾôװ׳ԿʹٸսҪʲô
ţͻȻս
ԣսʱ˵κ
ǱսͷˣȻôҪˣ
̾ʡ
ҪڣͻȻΧźЩˣЩۡǻ˻֣ǶȥҪ̡
ŮһϽ˳ȥ
Ҳƽее㲻ߣɰͶรһһҵ˳ȥ
ʱսдҩĵӣ̵Ļ̲ס˵˵ʲô
Щͷܺ⻰Ŷ
ƳҩĵӣдﰵȻǸĵѾͷ
һ̽ʵǵã˵κλ壿
ս⻰̲סһۣ⻰˵ˣȻڲʣ仡е˰ɣ
һ£仡ʲô
ս͵𣬳Ӧû˵仡ġ
Ȼʵ϶ǲ˵ģ˸ѣڿأ
˲ЦΪţ
ս
ѸԹ⣬ʣүΪͻȻ壿Ǹƹǻûȫܲܺãùʱ֪
ȣڿ϶õòˣ⻰Ųɵ˵
ȴѸٺսǫ飬ֻȥ
ս⻰Ѿսκ˵˼
̿ս˲ˣĿƵģֱؿԭô˵Ȼа취ǡ
иˣΪ첻ԵʣСͲáˣǳϿӣֻܹӲдǿ
Ӧа취ɣ
֪սûа취ʻʱ򣬻ǱŽô˳
ս˲˵˭ʱͷ
Ǹ岻õĶˣȻ֪ġ
֪ųΪھѵʱһֱ͵͵֧ӣ˻ĵۣ㱻ҵ
ҳһ˵һ
ʷϣųݣƺǽģ
˵󣬳̷ǳģԻĹ餻ż漮ᡣ
ǲǣսͲ̫ȷˡ
ʱ䷭ռĲ飬ܲҳ
ս룬˵ܾܲȣÿ˲֪ûûѹҪǿ϶˵ܹү𣿡
֪⻰˵ûɻǾЩź
ų岻ĲҲǸʺĸĲʺĸһֱöԲĴ㶪
Դ⾩ǣһֱҪ
ϧҲûųκãֻǿס
սܹκ
뵽̲סս˵ֻҪκ
սؿţ
̽˵ŵһ¡
֣أɼųж⡣
ս⻰ͻȻ£ү˵ģʲô鶼𣿡
̿ͻȻ˫ۣͻȻǳζ̲סǱܹģ
սֻòٶðɣȻүô˵ˣһ߾ȥ
̾ϲս⻰Ҳ˵ҪʲôҩģдڵϣֻҪҵģΪ
սҲͲֱдһѡ
ҲǹҪռ̵ıˡ
ҪǴӲռҩģȴóָҩŸ߱ˣ⣿
ЩҩģԺҪöŲ˻ɡ
ǳ̣˲ʵǿ
øСĲС
սѸдҩĵӣ̣ȥ׼
ͻȻ𣬵Ȼͳ̻Ҫ빬밲˲ø
-

318 Ҫ̸

ս뵽ȻҪȥۺŻʺ밲͸⸴ӡ
ۺŻʺȣԷ޿ɶʷϵˣôãܼˣ
ǲ֪˶ʲôӡ
˵ʱ䣬ŻʺòдѵɣǸһ𱻳ΪŮġ
Ůıһֱڱ仯иõĳͻоɵı̭
սͻȻЩĵǲǸСЩ
ŻʺôϵţҪǾ̫ûأҪʰô죿
սԽԽᣬ̲ס˳һۡ
̲񣬾Īսʲô
ʲôûðɣ
ƢأѾͷȻš
ĬĬ︹̣ӹӿһۣͽ޷棬޷ȥ׼ϵҩġ
ս޷棬ϳǵǸˣΣյ۾һۡ
޷汻ëȻӳӹӾͽŵĨƵˡ
սͿų˵ո˻졣
治ɫ˵޷棿ľǴûʲôģվȺﶼҲ
ս޷Ӣ˧Щͬô˵Ͳ֪
ֱ׳ظӣϿ飺ʵʵ˵ΪҪ£
޷棿
Ц
޷滹Ƿһǧûء
ɵСӣ֪ҪܹܶǮ
սųǸֱ׳ӣ֪ǲˣٴֱӽ˶รʼױ
̶ŮױûȤʶ뿪
ǿսรָɵذͷ¾ãӵĹС
뵽ҹΣ̲˿
ֻһζѣûҪ̫⡣ҿǲ̫ʵӲ
̾ȥ飬ڸʲô

սױú󣬸һţֲױŸһ˹
Ȼ߽źսסˡ
ھȻͣһǵġ
һԵȴģ
̺ս󣬾Це˵º࣬׼λȥλϳɡ
սһۣԥһ˲ֻȥ
ǹƵġ
ƵҪСЩֻһˣΪóô
ȴҪЩˣԳҲһ
ֻٿҲҪСɵöࡣ
һȥϾͻᰤһûжĿλ
ս̫ϰ߸̰ô˶ּΧô˿ţҪǲȥǴ۵
˵ʹôĻܲһ߹ȥɣ
սܿ˳ؾصš
̿һۣҲ
Ȼһ˾Ͱһ
սЩꡣ
ӻԳ̲ûиһ𡣿֮֮ľ룬ĥˡ
̲סƳ˳һۣȻĬĬŲŲ˫ȣ㲻ɫظ롣
˭֪ͻȻſȣϥֱӾģҲϡ
սͷ̲صһۡ
ڣÿڣֻʲô
˭֪ͻȻЦǽˣõģʺĸ󲻻ôġ
˵꣬סս֡
ս˳۵Բ˫ۣˡ
ȴֻǿЦһ˱˻Եӡ
սùǺ
Ҫ̸ˣ
쵰Ȼʱ򣬹ռˣ
ţȥԺôʰ
̿ŭԣʱЦøˡ
һԵ͵͵һۣ̲סЦﰵ룺ĸܲº¿Էˡ
ܵͦ죬רѵġ
սͳ̺ܿ쵽Żʺסܷ﹬
ǽȥʱۺŻʺѾڵˡ
ǽȥλϵ̧ۿ˹
ս˲ģֵʮ񣬾ȥÿһӶģͷϵķͶ׹ûһ¡
ۺŻʺһͷ˶ڿ
Ҳǣ׶ӣС󣬶Ѿô꣬ʲôÿģ
ͲһˣϱΪ̵ĸĸ϶úúÿ
սСģϾѰŮӣСĹСģȻúܡ
ۺŻʺʱҲ͵͵һۣ˵Ӽˡ
ϴι磬ŻʺѾսۣǵһο
սòȣЦø⣬ƵƳ˳һۣ޸ϱɣ
-

319 ӵǴ

̲۵ĵ⣬̧̧ܿ°ͣǲǶϱ϶ſ
ۣ
Ȼ̵˵ʲôһǱ飬֪϶ûʲôö
ˣ
ϱקˡ
ǰЩӣҲ֪˭һֱ»ڡ
治ǶȻҸ˦ɫôʰСӣ
̺սܿڵϣ
ţһֶ˲Цеߵǰøºﾴˡ
սԣ̶豭ɫźžӾۣ븸ʺȲ衣
ؽӹȥһڡ
ƽʱǰȴЦеģǳսӡ
ȹ󣬻ȡһĺ⣬ݸսȥɡ
ս΢ЦŽӹл˶󣬰Ѻһߵϣֶ˹裬ͬǲɫŹ֮󣬲žŻʺ󣺡ĸȲ衣
ŻʺЦؿӦһ󣬲Žӹ˲豭á
ͬһڣȻȲصݸսһ⣺̶Ƣ̫ãƽʱЩԣ˲һЩ
۸㣬Ҳǿţֱӽĸ˵ͺãĸ󶨰úýѵ
ս̴˵лĸ󡣡
˵꣬;ó̲صһۡ
룬ԼոպǱֵ̫ˣֵͷװߵزүܺãû۸
Żʺ˳̸ղŵС̲סصһۣȻؿսĸ֪Ǹúӣ̶ܹȢ㣬ĸ
սɲ⻰ŵǻôϱ˵ʵϣŵĻԼӡ
ô˵޷öϱģúøԼӹӰˡ
սţ
ţͳҪìܣŻʺģ϶ų̣أ
ܿװߵ˵ܹ޸үҲǶĸ
⻰̲סһװģСƭӣ
պ꣬ͱŻʺصһۡ
ʵˡ
Żʺֳ֮ʹ˸ɫĺöӣϽߣۣ
ЩεӣȻͲصų̣ˣĸʲôȻ۵ޱĸԹ
ĬװԼղʲôû
һ⸱ӣ֪ºҩǲˣ˵̶ͻȻѾЩûпУˣ޳һˡ
̣
սֻƳһۡ
̲С۾ţȥ˱ʰ㣡
սбһۣҺŶ
̺ܿ۳ȥˡ
ŻʺЦ̫ƣĸȥ˲ٻ㿴ûϲģȻȥ
սЦùɣĸĻ϶ĸİ֮ȻüãǵȥǶĸ
ŻʺЦˣЩѣܸȣܹϲĸ˶ء
˵䣬ս˻
ʮůͷĻҲò̺ģⰻȻ
ҲǣŻʺôһʺ⻨Ҫǿòãʹӻ˳ȥﻹܰ
սЩƯ̲ס
ŻʺǶԽԽ⡣
ϲսԲӣ̫ͽ˼̫ˣҲսô󷽡
뵽ˣŻʺЦݾ͵һЩ
˸ոռ޹ʱǰ裬Ҳ⻨
Ƕ̫СЩսؿ
ӵǴ
ѹ̶ܸദá
̶ӣǵ̫СģǸദֻСؾ
̶ֲǻίԼӣǶԷԶ֮ȻίԼ𽵹ֺöԷ
һྴΣ
λǸ̶˸ϱ
Żʺ뵽Цøˡ
սһ󣬺ܿ˷֣⻨Ȼвٲ軨ӣֻԼŻʺˡ
ĻȻɵǳڻŴֺޣûкȽܿϵͳ
ĻȻ˾ţɳƱЩԣҪǷȱ١
ǷڿռһʱգǱøá
ǲǸ㻨ֺŻʺ
ϾϵţǰŻʺ忪ˣԺҲܸù
˵ȻбŮˣǲûг˵ǶŻʺ
Żʺˣۿ϶ҲˣռҲ
ĥͻȻи˽Żʺźָոա
-

320 ָ״

սǹҪ͵ģǿϵܣʵ̫ãǲȥֵܹĻ
ֺ̲֡µ
ҪǱľͰˣȻºܸܿйأͲӲ
ս͵͵䣬۾ȴŽŵһ躣ģ˹ȥ
ǺԣѾͣر¡
ѵõǣǲĻ֦Ѿ˻ӦҪ˶þͻῪš
սװ躣ȫעøϸȴλֵĻ
ֻ˵źָո˵зǳҪҪ
ս̲µҪ״
ɫûб¶ʲôŻʺ
ָոڶ˵ǳСͨ˿϶ġ
ҪŻʺ֪ˣ޶ǳ鷳
Ҳ뿴Żʺô
ʱͻȻŻʺ˵ĸϲЩĸ޼һ£ٸǽЩˮɡ
սһ⻰֪Żʺȥ֡
ûֻܾЦӯӯӦ¡
ֵ״Ҳ¡
ͳ̸ճɻ飬˵û££ŻʺҲʱ
ָ࣬״ŻʺǰҩŻʺϲˡ
СֶΣ治
ҪŻʺΪֵһ֮ʾͲϲԺҲپλϵĸ
սЦһ񣺡лĸΣһЩľ
Żʺؿһۣ漴˵ĸЩˣȻȥˣ޼Ҳ˴㵽תתůٻľѿŵҲȤ
սȻǴӦ
ȻԽŻʺ˳ȥ
ŻʺһߣйŮӣ޼ľ
սСӣһ޼
֣ԼǹŮͽŵؿֱ۾ѻľ˵ģЩЦ
̲סЩľƽʱʲô֣
Ů̽ū澴
սǸӣ̲סüúܿ𣿡
ɫһףæ˵ɫǣ£
սΪ±
봺ɫףͻȻ˵ϣū澵ĴײūһС
սʱúܣˣ
Цһ˻Ȥʱ˵Ҫڵʲôɡ֪ĻΪ۸㡣
˵޼ٿ
һߣŻʺջڵͿڵϡ
ߵλ£һʵ˵Ҫʲô
⻰̲ס˸¡
û̧ȥŻʺȴóŻʺЩ䡣
ǰһ
ֲЩûڡ
뵽սǹ˵ӣսս˵ʺūȴҪ
ţūһź򣬿ūţƺ̫Щ
ûֱ˵սûأͻ˸˵ǡ
ʱͲʲôôʣοǰ滹̫֡
׾뵽ûء
ŶŻʺͻȻᳰһ˵̫ûأ
ū澲ңŵøϽſ˵ϣūֻǾãϾڼʱҲ֮顣Ȼ޵͸عأ̫ԣҪ̻ү
Żʺж࿴أԹᵽ˳̣ҪԴս
ŻʺȴЦŶ󣿶ûǣһСˣ̻ܽүҪ˵̻Ҳү̻
˵̶ν׵ʱʵûصúܣֱӱձͳˣ˲ʳûȥķΣǺ֡
һ⻰ʹ˹ġ

ŻʺȻ˵֡Ц
Ҳ˵Գ̵ǳ⣬ľں֣
Ǻ顣
ֶʱŻʺ˼ѵҪսѵһ㶼
еŵģϱûصģ
ʱͻȻŻʺʵ㻹Ҫ˵𣿡
һϽ˵ʺū澻һƺү֣ү
˵ͻȻ͵͵̧۾Żʺһۡ
ȻŻʺ⻰ɫͱˡ
κͻȻʵ˵ձ̶֣ô֪
ŵô˸£ū澡ū澶ˣ
-

321 Ͼ·

ŻʺһᣬϾؿ֣㵹˵˵㶼ʲôˣ
Ͳµˣû̧ͷ˶ſ˵ϣūƺүܶ£ֺء
Żʺʣأ
սս˵ûûˡ
ȥ޷ͻȻ֣ˡ
ȻûȴԿ϶սǶүˣ
ĵҲ̫ˣ
ȻҶү֣
үУִ治飬ʺ
뵽̲סһĨЦ
Ҫսʲô³
ŻʺĬû˵ֲֻһֱſڵϡ
˺ðΣϥ۵ʱͻȻŻʺЦһ
˵ΪʲôСͻȻ쳣
ô£
ʺѵ
ôͻȻЦˣ
ѵЦˣ
뵽ܣ͵͵̧ͷŻʺ󵽵ô¡
˭֪նһ£ŻʺͻȻ˵ǲ̶֪ʱãȻСﶼ򲻹
⻰һѸٳȥ
Żʺȴּ˵֣źôã˵˵̶Σ
ֵĳ׳ȵס
Żʺ⻰ͷ⡣
ǰ̵ôᱻսһСѾͷ۸ˣ
ô˵սҲ̣
ԣŻʺʵ
ŵɫҰףϽ˵үүȻոǿүոճףȻ
һŮӣˣЩӣҲүĶ֣үϣүҲ۰
˵ͻȻʲôϽ˵ǰдԣϲñӳˡ
ūĶ˱ӳүȻū澲֪үΪ˾٣ʵǴΪף
үݸ߹󣬼հҲסӳǳүҪӣ
Żʺ⻰üͷ
Ҳ˵սϲˣӡ
ñӳ̶
ôܣ
Ķӣʲô֪ܲ
ǺӣСǸƢӲƢˣﶼҴ
սǵñӳ̣
Żʺ뵽ֵͳ
ԭΪֻһʱͿȴ룬Ȼֻѻó
˵ʲôãȻ˵սñӳ˳̡
ѵΪĶǸŮ˳򣬻ᷴĴ
ǰģǶսǳ⡣
սҪñӳɱˣܶ⣿
֣ǻ˵˵
ԭΪǸĵģοڿǲˡ
սŸոչţҥ£ԡǲ紦Ժǵս̶ˣǸǺã
̶òȢӣֶս⡣ΪĸܻĺӣǷģ
ɲǷǲֵĶš
ŻʺĿؿ֣ѩ÷˵𣿡
ƺһ˲ȥ
ŻʺȻ֣
Ѿܾûйˡ
ôУζţˡ
ǳѩ÷ģ
ŵøϽ˵ʺūԾʵްٰ
ŻʺӸµؿǱģ˼ǣԩ˲ɣ
ū澲ңŵô˸£ܿȴִŵ˵ū澶ԻʺүĹʵү˶֣Ŷǲţβ˽ү鿴үϵƣ
ҹվϲͷͷĴ
̾ˣһϵʱ䣬Щ˲
ԻҪѳ̽·ܹ֤˵Ķģ
ñ̶ŻʺͻȻЦһҲգȻԼҪǱȫ㡣
ԭ뿴Ĺźķϣһ·ϼϡ
룬Ů˾ȻԼ
Ȼˣֺαˣ
̶Ƣ֪ܲ
֪־Ȼڱ״սŮֻ·һ
Żʺܿȥ
ԣ㷲ڵء
ԼѾû·
ֻҪ˺ۣûˡ
Ͽ϶˺ۣ
Żʺҵ̵ʱҪд裬ûӦ
֪ŻʺҪɴ⣬ɿ˵ȻĸҪȹȥˡ
ۼҪӣЩˡ
˵޸һȥ
ҪʺСʲô£
-

322 ·

Ҫȥ̵Ȼûֻܾһ
Żʺܷ﹬֪ŻʺĿġ
˵Լͬسڵϵֿȥ
Ƭֺ̺ؿ˳һۣ㱻ϱˣ
ﾹȻֻ
·˵С̫û˰ɣȻϱ򲻹
̰ϣ澺˵˵ˣôܻôûãοձһСѾͷǶĶ֣
ۺŻʺҲôģǾԲţսǳ̵Ķ֡
ο̵֪ġ
սҪվŲԹ԰򣬿ֹԹ԰ӣ
еӶ㿪οսһСѾͷ
ֱ˵ѣٴοֵʱþڿһˣʲôҪ˵ڸĿڻü
˲˶¡
۵ĻȻףеɱ⣬ȴëȻ
ֻͷѾһУһĿڣǰоͻ˲
ˣһѡ
ȷʵˣϿ϶ˣô̵ʱ϶˲ˡ
ֻҪϵ˺ۣûд󹦣
ֺܿҧ˵ūԾʵް١ºǲţֻҪү·һ㡭
˭֪˵ͻȻ˹һϡ
澣ʱ򣬾ȻҺ˵˵ŪǷǣŸʲôϳȥҹ
ֱߵ÷ڵأϸǾʹѣ̲סҽ
ȻսгЃ̳˹һѶס죬Ҫϳȥ
ŵøεѣ֪һϳȥǳ׽ˡ
Ͻеүɱū澣ūҲҪ˵үΪβ·ñº飬ѵ±º￴үϵ˺𣿡
ɫһ̾Ĳӡ
ȻǰһͻȻסȻô˵Ͱ·⿪ɡ޿㵽ûˡ
̲⣬ϼȷʵжദ࣬ô̵ʱõ
øʺĸ󿴼ˣձɲá
ȻЩȷձģձ¡
οд裬ֲձ۸
øʺĸᡣ
ۼѣģΪβѣѲɣˣ
̽ŵ˸ڣѾôˣĸǰ½
ʱŻʺҲĳɣ۾
ԥһ£˵Ȼ㲻Ը⣬Ǳˡ
ȴӦ˵޾ţʲôµģ·ˣ
վû˼ְ󣺡ʡ
ѣ۳㲻ѣѵҪԶ֣
⻰ֻòʲԸؿʼ½͵ʵŸдȷʵЩۼǶձûϵ
䣺ûйϵԼῴ
ٶԳ˶ӲҲ۸ˣ
սҲУ
̶̵ģȥһѳ·
̼ô󺰣ʣ
۲Ϊ·øˡ
ܿ죬Ҳϰ׻¶˳
̽ŵصͷȥ
Ҳɴ۾
ڵϵ֣ŵ̧ͷԲ۾ֱؿš
Ȼ˶ɵۡ
ϰ׻ģһ˺۶
̣أ
ЩΣ㲻˵дĶ
±Ƶѵ·˿ǰأֿ˿˫ۣȻŤͷȥ
Żʺɵ̲ס˵ÿˣ㱳ûˡ
ۺؿһۣ˵ͷ㱳ûˣ㵽Ķˣ
̸Ͻ˵Ŷһ㣬С˶ѣӦѾˡ
ˣΪϵЩ˺ۻᱻʺĸ֣
ŶãȻȫûˣ
ձҩҲ̫˰ɣ
УҪһ
ɿţͻȻֱؿ
ŭ㿴ʲôأϳȥ
Ůˣ϶ռıˣŹô˵ģ
ǸȻˣ
뵽̲סһۣЩԹ㣬Ŷ·öǼռ˱ˣ
Щεӣôʲôǿһûʲôܿġ
úһ˵ˣǼں˵˵ƫšձֽεεСѾͷĿ˵˶Сȭͷࡣ
-

323 ֮

̵Ȼں˵ȻۺŻʺˡ
ϾսǸСۺܹ뵽ôµأ
ǣôó̺Ū˹ȥ
ֺܿ챻˳ȥȻûҹҲ
һū澣Ȼҥӣִ治飬Żʺ޷̡
ǣΪʲôҪô
뵽սʹȻ˶û롣
ϧǼµʱˣһֱûв
ͻȻսѣŻʺֱͷйŹ֣ʹ㳹һ
Щ¡
ֿźģҪҥսẒֶ֪́սȻôĶ⣡
Լ¶˳ȻĻ˭֪Ժʲô
ŻʺԽԽú£һΣҪȻ
һʼ봦֣侲ҲͻȻսЩŹ֣Ҫ顣
Żʺ£еӸŻʺ
οǰŻʺźˣŻʺҪ飬ҲȻ
ֻһȥúò飬˭ߵýġ
ԺҲûŮˣ檶ûС
öܣԺЩȫ֡
˭֪Ҫ״ˣŮ˾Ȼ
Ҫսҩ̫ãЩ˺ȫʧˣôĸͣ
ҪǸĸ󿴵ϵ˺ۣ϶ս
ʱѾͷϸˣ
뵽̲סȥս
Żʺ󣬵֪սڻ޼ľ̹ȥˡ
һֱͦΣˣ˾񣬳ŻʺԹŷֿãϱˣǲТӣϱ˵
ŻʺбһۣոҶ˵ÿˣ·ǵð̶·ڵ˵
̶òϱǹһЩôˣҪǶϱŲʣҲŵء
ȣʲôʱ·ˣһΣ治һ˵ˣҲǵˣղŲҲڵ𣿡
ĵֲֻһˣô˼˵أ
˵ˣĶ뵽һū澣Ȼô󣬹Ȼҥӣ
ԽԽΣɴڻûˡ
ֱ˵Żʺ˳̺սڹţװʲô鶼ûһ㣬š
ţζȻǷǳġ
ûսԵЩź
֪۰ǳ·˵£ֶ˵飬̿û˼˵
Լ۵ʱû¶
ۿУ͵͵˿̲סٸʹͣΪ
֮ǰŸ˺ָʵе㲻̫ʡ
ֻסˡ
ս֪飬ֹһӣЩ֡
Իȥ·ϣˣոŵʱ򣬸ʿҵЩŹ֣֪ô𣿡
ǰ·Σ̲סɫ
Ȼ֪ôǣ¡
Ȼܸս
ɲѾͷ֪ʰ·
ѾͷҪ֪ô죿
̲شֲս͹˵õҩЧƺܲﻹж٣Ҫˡ
ս⻰̺ɵؿô֪ҩЧˣ
˲Ǻ
ս˫Ư۾ܾ֪ʲôһ߳ܣ̲סû飬ǲСĿˡ
ţȷʵǲСģȻôᱻǿа·
սǸӦʱȻ򣺡ԭѾˣҸҩЧȻܺáԣүҪҺ𣿡
һ⻰˵ֻϵķޣ㣬Щ߰˼ǲӦģ
Ŷ𣿡սźüͷԭү˵Ѿ⡣Ȼүͬ⣬ǻ˰ɡ
̱ɫŵؿսո˵⣬ʲô˼

үãʲô˼սⲻŪ˵үϣʲô˼
̸˵֣ս΢ЦĿ⣬ͻȻ߳ܣʲô˼ʲôϵ
սؿףүѵһĻҲǲԡֻǡҲү檣үǲҲܸСˣ
ֻ֮ʣ˲ˣձ붼룡
-

324 ۾

үʲô˼սؿϣʾظ̶ӣүҲôԵɣƾʲôӵұҾͲ
죡ͻȻ˹ȥݺݵҧסĴ
Ȼסˡ
Բ˫ۣɵظսӡ
𾪻ˣսովȻû㣡
ʲô˼
ѵǷӦ
ԣٶô죬ôᷴӦ
㶵ؿһʱЩӦи²⣬ֲҿ϶
սԼ´ˡ
Ƭ̺󣬺ַܿӦ͵͵²սǲǱɵˡ
϶ɣ
ǲǸʲô
Ȼûᣬ𣿶ңսڵʵɲһӦռı˿ûôף
뵽̲סԳ
˭֪ԥʱͻȻòԾ
սڸʲôôˣ
Ƭ̺͵ƿսҧгݵʣձΪʲôЩ
ս򴽣һ޹ؿţү˵ʲôһʲôˣ
㡭۾ˣ㻹ҽƱ磡㡭ոʲô㶼𣿡
սգգۣǣոүȶĿڰΪүѵд𣿡
ͻȻ
˵ս
ǾԲ˵
һԺ󶼲ô죿
뵽ոЩĶ̲ס⣺㡭Ϊʲôô
ûԹ⣬ѵû𣿡սȻ˵ܿ췴ҧһڣңүͱҸ˵үݣӦ;˰ɣ
ߣﻹûأ㵹ȴˣ
⻰˲Ǻطʲô˼Ϊּʳ𣿡
ս˫һѵ˵үͯӼ
̵ɫˡ
ͯӼ
ʲô
߳ŭصһѾס½󣺡ձǲ̫ˣô죿
սգգۣûзֻһ޹үܱܲǶֶŵģ
ҵ·ץˣȻ߳ȥ˿ˣʲôġ
ŵûæɿ½󣬼˹ǶƺһҲӣ̲ס
Ҳ˵ΪʲôǾ̲סձһ㶼𣿡
ս̧ۣޱؿүãΪʲôҪ⣿
̿⸱޶Եӣǰѻյøˡ
ս޸ѿھʵΪνǱأ޸˱ˣǸǲҲ㣿
սؿһۣĪвһòᡣ
ųǸӣԥһ£Ǿòٴ̼
ȻҪ˻Ϊʲôأ
ҪǲСİˣǾ͸˼ˡ
ʱ򣬹ȫǵ˶֪ͳ֣ˡ
µǣϢҪǴأ˵Ŵžͱ߳ܵ飬̫滵ˡ
ɶô
սͷһ䣺үãҵʵΣ
һ¡
սֽ˵үո˵㲻ּʳˡǿ̫ˣ޵úܡ
ͻȻûôˣȴһ˭֪˵Ǽ٣ո˭˵Ҫ˵ģ
˵ٴҧгݡ
սĵ̫ˣ˾ˣȻü
飬ûأȻ룡
Ŀʲôõģսֱ׳طֻ۾û˵Ҫʲôүôʲô뵽ȥˣ
ˡ
սʲô˼
ԼЩ߰ģˣھȻ룡
ն˵鲻ܣɲ߰ĵطҪǸҰЩ߰ڸСıǣ
սըëˣֻεشӦУͲԺƯѾߡ
ܿ԰սͽԺת뿪
һҪҪȥûһֱڸս
ߣƾʲôҪһֱ
˭֪Ůں˼Щʲô
Уսһ򵨴죬Ҹ֣϶ûġ
˶ţлڸЩ߰ˣ
̸⣬ȼɰ˵
˴ɰܿˡ
Ȼɰ󣬳̲̾סüͷ
ͻȻ֣ɰ񳤵ͦƯģ
-

325 ̵ɧ

ɰǾǰա
ɰ׺ݵŵĸҲȴֲҶ
ܿ죬ͳһ亹
ʱͻȻʵǵãҲСˣӣ
ɰһ±ƣ
ֱضų̿ȴôҲ벻ףΪʲôͻȻʳ⣡
ѵǻģ
ǵ½ûģ
ܲǵҪżҰɣ
ôܻôУ
ɰôһ룬Խ϶ڹôֱ̹ͦ˼һ˵үūңⱲ̷ֻߣޡΥԣū澸Ըס
ˣͻȻɰԡ
ɲɰġ
˵ԣԺĲô죿
ɰٴסôҲ벻׳ΪʲôҪ
ô˵ѵ
ʵûȥʳֻ̣ܼģū֮ūⱲ̷ֻңϹᣬ޶ġ
⻰ʱķˡ
ɰƯüͷ壬һģ
ԥƬ̺ͻȻĳ˵ɰ㻹ᣬδ·ܳʵô;ޡ
֪½ȻǶϵĺ˻кܶࡣģ֪㾡ܷģ¶ϡ
Ҫޣձߣ
Ⱳ㶼ˣ
ߣɰȴ׻
滳ɳǲӱ¿ˣȻô˵ĪĻ
˶˵ɱ飬
ǰȻụ̂Ҳ˿˵̵Ŀ¡
ô˵ôĻĪ˼ٰİɣ
ɰ뵽̲ס뿴ǰĳǲǸðƻ
ȻƤոնһ£˲ͲһĿ⡣
ǳڿ
͸һ·Ҫˡ
ɰͻȻʶ̶ǳ
ʵ벻ףΪʲôҪ
ʲôûа
ԣ̵ô£
ڣֿ̺ܿˡ
ۿɰٴĳ˵ΨһĺˣޣҪҵѪ㸸׾ԵȪ֮µĸĸ𣿡
ɰٴˣʶūֻŮӡ
ŮΣԴǵشȻŮӣҲ㸸ĸѪԺµĺҲ̳㸸ĸѪ
ŮʲôϵѵŮӣľͲǵѪɰ㵱ģ㸸ĸ󣬰֮˼𣿡
ɰдΪ𶯡
̵Ļ·ͷȣ׻
ɰͻȻʶ֮ǰ뷨Ǵشˣ
ǰޣҪ˸ĸѪͻȻˣϻ˭ĸĸ͵ܵܣ
ү˵ûˡ
ôġ
ҪºҵԺˣҲݸĸ͵ܵܡ
ɰ뵽ӯ
ܿݵڵأʵʵظ̿ͷлүѣūˡүĴ£ūû
ͻȻЩΡ
ո˵Щɰߣһֱս߰ˡ
˭֪Ȼôж
ȻЩΣȴǰû¶һص˵ͷôܺáҲСˣȱ˳𣬱Ҹżҡ
˶٣ͻȻʵ޻Σ
ţ޷泤úУ
ϴȥձձĺɰײһ£
òͿݣҪռ˰ɣ
ձʱȻʰȴûº֣ĺɰöһѪ顣
Ѿϳ޷ˡ
Ҫ޷Ƥӵ±Qǡ
ͻȻ;ͷе̡
ĿƵؿɰ͵ͷ
˭֪ɰȻĮؾܾˣū澲һ֮ˣ޻
̶ʱЩʧ
ʵڲóýԲ⣬ֻð˰֣Ȼˣȥɡ
ū
ɰ˳ȥԶ֮󣬲͵͵˲ϵ亹
ոˣҲ֪үô£ôͻȻˡ
޻ɲδô
ɰع˹ǣܿ뿪ˡ
һߣȴܿҵ޷档
޷ʱ򶼻±Ƶģ벻ͨôͻȻ
ѵʲôҪ
ӲͷƤ񣺡¼ү֪үټ£ʲôԸ
šӦһȻۿϵ´һ飬ԽԽ޷棬һ񽻸㡣
-

326 ̫˳Ծ

޷һ̵Ļ;Ķ

ʲô
ôôأ
϶û£
̺ܿ˵ϸ룬ֵƻȥ飬ʵڲġԣ㻹һ˰ɣǶʲô
һһأ˵Ҳʮ¡
Ȼ
̵ţô޷ԶԶ˳ȥ
޷滹˵ʲô
һµģô죿
˵ֻȥֵܣĨӣҲֻܴ
ΪͻȻȥֵܣǶֵڶѾ˹ȵףûзĿܣʲôòģ
޷Ĳ⣬ɳֻȥ

ҪˡͻȻʵϴѪ鷽أ
޷һ£ܿʵ˵ҽУǷѪ鷽ѾյүΪΡ
̴ھͶɡ
޷棺
ĬĬ˿¸ˡ
˭֪ͻȻ˵ΰúãһǧķ𣬾Ͳٽˡ
޷⻰žһ
æڵϣĵر֤¶Ȼֵܲˮʯ
̰ڰ֣ţȥɡ
޷ߺŴսҩȲȥųϡ
λ󣬾͸ų˺ˡ֣ϣܻþЩ
ųǳĸۡҲΪ
볤ͦģһ־͵ˡ
һܼڵؽӭ˽ȥ
̴ߣ·̲סʹܼң˾˽θΣӿкЩ
ܼҶʱЦǰһ
һɫͳ
ܿ˵ҩȥ˾ˡ
ܼ⻰ûʲôӦ
ѾǵһθųҩϰˡһʼᾪϲųҩҲûתľͽľˡ
֪ļǹųԻǿЦŹάүģǰЩӲҩˣү֪˿϶ˡ
ȻʵǣųСǸҩӣżҷͦŰ
ӲãһֱҩţҲûʲô֮ǡ
ֱǴֱ֮Ӷ񻯣ҩ
ųѾҩ֭Ŀζÿκҩʱɫǳѿ
Ҫǲ¹¶ĸˡ
ܼ⻰ں˵˵
֪ųëҲûܼ֪ܼһĶųģˣǹųһЩŻô˵
Ǻ˵ҩһ̵ģЧܲ
˵ţս̲ס𴽽ǣЦ
ܼ͵͵ţͻȻЦЩʱˣʲôˣȻЦ
ǰɴûôЦ
̫˳Ծ
̾ôЦеųǰ
ų˵ůڵġ
ΪŲú̿ζֲܺԴĵطֻյ
ˣϻźʵƤ磬Ҳװˮů¯
̽ȥʱųڴߣͷ֦ѿ
³ҶѿۣⰻȻһƬ˼֮á
ȻųŴѿȴĮ
Щ̵ҶѿһľʧҲûлشһ졣
ų̲סЩҶѿ־ԼʵڿЦúܡ
һֱЩҶѿҪ˽Щ֦ˣȴ᲻ÿڡ
̼ͷҲأòк˾ˣˡ
ųſһۣŴ飬ΪβڸҸʲô
߹ȥŵĺӷϣ˾ҩ
ųһҩ֣ӶüͷҩúܣǵԶԲ꣬ûȥɡ
ָҩҩ
βǳԵҩĨϵҩࡣ̴򿪺ӣ̸˳Һò̸࣬ЧúáҸиݵŮҩѾָ˾ˣ϶Ҳܺ
ųǳԵҩ͵͵˿
̺Ļɫ˲ͱˣ˫ųó̸ࡣ
ųŷȵĹʣǽģЩһ㰵
Ц̶㵹ǳˣ˾˶ƭʲô̸Чôõģݶָܻ㵱˾ɵ𣿡
ܼ⻰ʱŵɫҰס
ų⻰ʵЩˡ
ǳ̵׾˾ˣɳݵλɱųߵö࣡
ųô˵Ѿ·ˡ
-

327 һ

ܼųעЩʱһ˿ڵķݣ
ֻսսͷҲ廰
̵ûųΪһҲűΪС¾͸
ֻ˵ЩҩЩõҩֲ࣬óԽ˾ĨԣֲʲôѲɣ˾û𣿡
ųмһߣ㲻üҡ̵ҩֲûùЧҲҩȻ֮ף㻹ǴȥɣҲõġ
뵽̱Ҫ֡
ֱӾ˵ҩҾͷˣ˾ǧҪǵáҹ˾ˣǾ˾˵ʱûҩֻ˾һˡ
ų⻰㱻
յصų̣׺ݵغһ̣˵˵ʲôأ˭һݣһԣ
˾ǲϣһݣǾǧǵҩЩҩҾͷˣ˾ţǲ뷨Ӹ˾Ѱ
˵˶٣Դǵ˵˾˸ղ˵ûҲŸմ飬ȷӦöԾͲž˾ҩȸˡ
˵꣬תߣرɴ䡣
ųˣøϽתҪ׷
ȻŵΣӣ׷ϳ̣
׷ſڣԶˡ
ųôŭˣ
ܼŵݺһ£̲סȰүϢŭҲΪ˺үá϶֪үǰùҩɻص̸̸࣬Чȷʵ档үβһأҩ
ų⻰̲صϺͿʲô̸ֲҩĿ˻ָ糣
СԺ֣ôҲź֣ڲ뿴
ܼСѣ̸࡭
ųװͰ͵ŭ𣺡ǾԲõģϽͷ
ֻܼÿ˵ǣū͹үǧϢŭ̫ҽ˵ˣڲ
ų׺ݵص㵽׹
ֻܼ˳ȥ˳ţūϹ
ųһְŸ˨ˡ
ܼվͷЦȻ˨ŵͻȻ뵽ʲô
үͻȻԼ棬ѵ롭
ʱͻȻ顱һ
߹ȥһȻǴӱ˴ˡ
ܼ۾ͻȻˡ
үոտôõѿûŹش˵Ҫأүһ٣˵ǹ͸
ھȻȫˡ
˵ôҩүôܲãԭ͵͵ã
ôˣүôСƵġ
˵ˣˣ
ܼҰԹ
ôҲǴСںүźֻȺүðɡ
ʲôϣ
ܼ͵͵վͷһȻܿͷ򿪹ӵ
̲ס͵Ц뵽ոջװͰ͵ų͵͵ͷĨҩ̲סúЦ
ûӣүһҪôҩ
ҪҪѺү
ˣǱˡүԲ֪Ը˿
Դ˺󣬺үͲԸվӡ
˸ҩǸӣү϶⡣
˵һͲҩˡ
Ǿɡ
үǰҲϹҩǱ۾֪ϵİ̺Щλãֺαضأ


ߺսͻȻһ
˽飬飬֮ǰֵֻ𣿡
̿ūˣǷѿ̫ˣھֻֻʮãС磬ûء
ʮãЩ١սЩʧӻʣ𣿡
̵˵ͷӻʣ˲٣ū֮ǰֵʱֲãûҰеӶȥֻʮãūЩɣһЩԡ
ս˰֣ˣʣµӶҰɡ
ʵռ˲Ѿջˡ
͵͵ջ
ֻЩڿ϶ûó
óչ˻ľͷ֣ȥ֣֪Ҫãܳ
ϴؼҵɲ࣬ۺÿζֻҼһ㣬΢ôζѡ
ȻŲ˶á
Ե֮þֳ
ڣĺʱҪǴˣ¶ȥûѿˡ
ó¶ȻͣЩ
ս룬ʵ飬жٿ𣿡
ҪûĻͿ͵͵ֵ㡣
ս͵͵š
Ȼܿ˵ūˣʣµһһǧٰʮš
սôʲô
תһ룬һǧٰʮӣͬ磬Ҳˡ
žЩ
-

328 սµ

ӶҰɣԡս˵꣬¼˻̫ͻأˣ˵սĸҰտһ»ľţͦ˼ǲ֪ǲһ˼
ôһ˵·ֻҵһ顣
󣬲ĵ̾
ҲϲģԴӳ͵ζϲˡ
ԶЩӺ磬տø⾫ġЩ˺ü飬ЩòֻǻøƵġ
͵ֳúó
뵽սȻҪ֣
ˣǰûֹھȻҪ
ӷѿɲǼ׵飬ҲǷѿܻġ
ЩأڰӶҪȫˣǿ̫ˣ
ľᣬսҪӣҲ
ֻίͰ͵ؽȡս
ӵʱ̲סѵЩƺʺʱ֣Ƿůܷܿѿ
սӦһţ֪ˡ
ռջˣ᲻֪ô֣
Ҳʵ˵ֻܶԲ飬ˡ
ȷʵܵģܿʵЩ
սҪشͻȻ֪Щ˵ȥұũȿ˵
˿Це˵ԵȣūȥΪȡũ
Ȼȥûãȡ˺üũ
սõֺ󣬾ȥ鷿Ȼ˶˳ȥ
ҪŴЩũ飬ֱӴӽ˿ռ䣬Ȫˮϣдѿ
ȻִռͷѡĿһӣͬˮѿ
ռӣҪöࡣ
ݹˮ󣬾ͻùͣҲصĻᱻƳ
ЩսȥǾȷûڿռų˿ռ䣬Щũ顣
ûоŴũ飬ڿûʲôԸĽĵط
ũҵһֱǹŴ֮أԳ͢ũҵء
νɽ𢣬𢣬ָľ͹Ҳָغũҵ
͢ũҵԲŻʿũ̵ĵȼ֡
Ը˱ũ飬ɳ͢ƹ㵽ȫ¡
ֻǵײũܶû飬ũҲֻܿعٸƹ㡣ǵعٸúãũ㿴飬Ҳ֪߲
Ҫǵعٸòãײũֻƾȱľ飬Ϳֵء
Щʳ͢ũҵ͸ǿء
۲ǸƢģعٸҲ
սȻûоʷΪӾ緺ģ֪˲١
λ󣬹ʳǲٵģ棬Ҳա
ɼʵȷʵò
Ạ̊́ʵڲС
ĥţڵũӦǱдòġ
Ȼ֮¼еĸʳֲֻϧͷЩģʵЩˡ
ĹȻˣдũҲģҲ֪Ǳ˭ġ
续ǳ׶ء
սƲƲ죬ⷭ󣬾ͷһߡ
ǡʱͷͻȻ̵أ
ƽүĻ鷿ء
飿ڿʲô飿
˵䣬Ѿߵſڣһţͷű˴˨סˡ
ʱƽ͵үĪ֣ʱϲ徲Զš
սò뿴飬˳ȥ
ţų̣үôˣ
Щغһѵ
⵹ǡսƺеҲ˼ͻȻ뵽ոտũ飬˵֪ү¿ƻ֮ˣ
Щ죺ΪͻȻ
ոտũ飬ͻȻֻɬѶǽĸ֮ɼ׶ĻȻӡˢɲᣬǲʶ֮ˣҲ׾ٵؿ
ɻӡˢɲ᣿̾ȵؿȻܿüͷⷨӵǲֻǡǲס
ս⣺ΪΣ
̽͵˵ũ飬Ҫȫɻ֪Ҫٷο⻭ӡˢɲס
ȥӡˢ˶໭ֻǹ⿿ҪĻʦǲ١
ԭսȻ򣬡ǡɼ򵥵Ļأ
̺棺򵥵Ļ򵥣
ս˵ԡ
˵߽꣬鷿ȡį̄׼ĥī
̺һԿѸĥīȻֽ̿򵥹˼ʣֽϻһȴĲͼ
ֻǲ֪ǲƻǱԵʣС˺磬ֺ̬֮С
̲סЦ˳
-

329 ôܣ

̿սĻԽԽÿɰ̲סЦ˳ǿȻửĻ
սؿʲôЦģǰտɰģܺЦ
ͼ治ӡˢ
ôǵãװӡˢʱӦ˰
ѵӡˢһò㣿
ǲǸ¥Ǳоо
оװӡˢԺͿڻӲͼӡˢֻ
ũ飬ģЩʶֲͨ￴ö
ҪͼǾһĿȻһס
ɵӶ֪ĸá
Դ¥˺ϼܵĻ챻ˡ
˵֮󣬶ʼģһʦ˸ָĺ
ɼ⺣Чжá
ɶͼĹ͡
֣ͼƬҪץˡ
뵽սͻȻãװӡˢ˺úоо
Ƴ˳һۣ˵Ҿ㻭һ£ʾѣûũϵȫүǾòãȥһʦˡ
̼ˣ˵û˵ãôʲô⻭Ǿ˵Ĳ⻭ũȷʵ̫﷦ζЩģһ찲š
սһ㶼뿴˵Ƕ죿ۿѵض˲ֵĹؼʱôҪ£ӣүھȥţ
̱áôôҵţЩ޵ݣֻ˵Уȥţ˰ɣ
սʱЦүȥɣǹĴ£үǧܴˣ
һ꼶Щˬؿڸϱߣ
սһ޹ظӣգգۣү˵ʲôҿ
һ󣬻ˡ
սȻˣǻ˵û¹𢣬ǸöõĲС
ǣŸոմ飬ļ٣ھȻҪæ£
ԽԽƣ̲סսһʡ
ȼţԺֻ

ս֪͵͵СԺծء
Ժ˽ɰżɽʵ˵װӡˢ
װӡˢɰһ£ҡҡͷ˵Ǵģ
ˡսڷܹȥܿɰһ񣬡ȥ¥ܹ˵һЩӡˢоһװӡˢҪôܰͼӡ
˵Ŭһ£ݲļ˵װӡˢžǰղͬɫ̳ͬĵ棬Ȼӡˢֽϡ
СšԽĺĿһֽѹƣͼ塣ܹ֮˵һԡ
ǵʵڲ࣬ǰС˵ʱżȻŪ̲סһ£ôӡ
ֻ¹ȥ̫ãʱֻɨһۣûаȫݶĻǲô鷳
ս˶˵Ҹոտũ飬Щֿʵ鷳ͨ˿ĻǸӿȥ
룬ǿԻͼᣬһĿȻĿʶֵİ׶ˣҲܿס
ոүѾȥͼˣ룬ܹоӡˢͼķʡȥ鷳ȫʦ
ɰⷬ۾ԽԽʵǴƣūȥһ״Ԫ¥ܹ˵һ
ǵܹоװӡˢũǳ׶һĿȻͼᣬ°նסĶ¡
սЦЦʲô£ֻ˵ճƺãÿ궼ˣҲ˾ߵߡ
ţǰֳʳ˶öʳ̸Уǵƥţ򣬲پ̣á
ɰû뵽Ȼ뵽ô࣬ǶȻ𾴡
Ŀ⸴ӵؿսĹȴԽԽ
ԴӸսߣͽս洫Եй֣ʮ
û뵽սһŮӣȻܹԶ
ǰ佫ʶ岮ҲϹսġ
ԱˣսĲпᡣ
½ĸ׾սϡ
ԺĲộǸжã
Ȼôܣ
ܣЩ壬̰ǵĲǡιģֻɱǣɱˣǲŻͣ
ɰûаЩ뷨˵
ţȻսϣǻϣȽϺá
ʵڲĴ׳־ս
ңҲм
ҪĿûսǸöð
ɰ߳ȥʱ̧ͷϵ̫̲סʪ۾
ĸףСܣǶڿŵİɣ
-

330 ˼

ɰߺսͻȻյĺ
Ǻյһֱûü򿪣ÿԿ
ϾۺŻʺĺȣ
֪ʲô
սڴóԥһ£Ȳ۸һ
֮ͷһֽ
ȡһһ޴ıһᣡ
ǷǳˣʵʹûֵôߣҲ㲻ˡ
ǵþ컨ȥ
ս̵ţСİѱִŻʺǸ
ͬһֽ
ϸһŻʺ͸һǧĶ
ʲôֱʣ
֮ǰʹ͵ƬʵۣŻʺǴ󷽶ˡ
˯ͷ
ũأŻʺ͸ô
ﻹе㲻öǸһƬģƴһũҲӷ㡣
ս뵽סˣ޲ھͳȥ
뵽Լڵݣԥһ£Ƿˡ
ڱϾ̹Ҫݳȥ̫鷳ˡ
ҪŮװܳȥۺŻʺϾס
ˣ·ҲҪñȥȺˡ
ս뵽ɰɰѾȥ״Ԫ¥ϾǸŮӣصĻԷδػӡ
뵽˽ܼңȥһһǧĶǿܲ
սµµǿ飬ⶣסɳȥ˾ˡԷԸʵڲԸ⣬ȥطҲС
̴ܼ˰Ʊģүͽˣµ˾Բ˵飡ūţӣ
ս˵ͷ
Ĺܼң϶еġȻô˵ˣӦòʲôӡ
ȻûܼҾʹϢ˵սҪѾˡ
һ˾ǧĶһĶ
սҪģǵһΰũܰʲôģԼû̫ࡣ
أܼȥҲ¼Թܼսʱ򣬻˼¼
̻ʱսڿЩ¼
ʵ˵˾ǧĶأôظʲô
սһ֪϶ǹܼҸ˵ˣҲûؽ͵ũ
ũ̲ؿһۣ漴Ȼ˵ׯɣҪĻԶ򼸸ȻǮ٣ǶЩȽϺãʲôͦ
ս˵ͷ̲סж
̻һ£صĻׯӦʮĶɣʲô
ս˼ˡ
˵ô˭ڹܣֵù𣿡
̿ɲ뱻ˣǿȻֵù
ҪҰܣսԾԾԵ˵ȣҿоũģ϶˹ܵúá
ֻһĶʮĶô࣬ҪǷαȥܣʵЩġ
˷һʱ䣬ǵʧʳ
Իء
˵Ŵׯﾭңռյأ£ѹ軧
ȻׯʱܲţԼҵׯܵúúùܹܡ
һǲֵصģ˵˿˶֪
ɵúúöŲС
ܲܿЩͿĵ軧ЩׯͷҪΪЩµĶ±
ԩ
̼ս۰Ͱ͡ض̵ͦţĬһ˵ܵĻҲǲС
˶˵Ǳ汾ҲȻ
սһȸӣЩ
ôҲû뵽洫Աĳ̣Ȼôɵһ档
³̷ڣ˵Ȼүô˵ˣ¾˵ˡֵص£˵ⱻɱΣҴʱȥׯ￴үûɣ
ô˵ЩڣҪȥ
սͷѵǲȥ˭֪ׯڳúòã
û͵ˣũ¿Ǵ£ΪܴΣȻãүʧ
ȥ˭Ҫͷ
ʹӦˣҲգȥҲǲУøһ𡣡
벻սǿüɫ裬۾·ǵӣܾĻ˵
ϲս
սӦˣ˷ܵЦ¾˵ˣҪţǺȥ
-

331 Գ۷Ӣ䲻

ս̵ŽĴ㡣
죬ͳ̵ûһˣǰ׼
ʱȥˣԳûλָô
ȻǺȥ鿴ׯЩء
֮ǰûֱӳţΪոռ޵֪˫۾ڶѰĴ
ҪֱӳȥۺŻʺһ֪ˣЩ
ûţͷȡ
ڳ̴ӦˣͲһˡ
ʱͳһŲ鿴ׯ˵ǹũ£Ҫ鷳Ҳг̶ǰͷ
ţҲôˡ
ͳ̼Ȼ˻飬ǵȰˡ
˵뿪ܷ﹬ʱŻʺ˵񽻸ȥ죬˹Ҳ֪Ρ
֮ǰֺ״ǺŻʺʱŻʺûбֳĲְ˹
ǡҪά˼
սĥһǾԱȽϴ
̿ŻʺӣҪǶ㲻ֱӷŭӦҲô
ӻȥŻʺֻ˵Щҳ˵Щô˼
̫֣ܲûɣ
ս˳һۣԥһ£Ǿ̬ȡ
ֻûڣ̵ʳˡ
ڲ͵͵ʲôʲô˵
ߣ֪ÿˣ
֮ǰ˵ʲôֻϵķޡ
ڷֱÿ͸ıǰɣα
սź˵֮ǰڹԺҲŸռ޹ܶ鶼ǺףҲûü˵
ĸ˹Ҳ֪ʲôʱҾ͵ʲôطãүϰߡ
ͻȻŭǸŮˣٻˣ
ս⻰˲˲²⣬ȴװһģүΪʲô𣿡
һȻҡ
˵ͻȻͣ
һ澿ӣɲʲôʵ顣
̶ʱԥսһӣһǸ澣ȻȻ챾ֱ๼
ս±Ƶգգۡ
Լˡ
ոʲô
̣
ʲôˣ
ѵ״ŻʺʲôֵҪ󣬱С
ս˲һֵӡ
ò˵ȷʵòȻͶԹ˵ЩǹŴҲȫ͵
еĸﶼܹ
ֵͣФҲǲܡѹû֦չģһֱԭΪ̣
뵽ս̵ͱò·ڿһջˮ
̲̲۾ʲô񣿡
Ůô£
֪мФѵһΣжû
˵ûķޣԸбŮ
ԽԽ
սӣҾǾãү̫ˣԺ󻹲֪жٿ˵ү֮λ񡣡
̺ɵؿƺڵģŵغһҲɹĵԺãҪźñ⣬ʱɲ
ս˸ۡ
źʲô
˼ֵûʡ
ȻŴ˶ǴӣȻźÿ
ΪúÿͿΪΪ
սϸˣͻȻҵ黹û꣬Ͳүˣүߡ
̲ɽϣ˸ƣȻûҪߵ˼Ŷ뿴ʲô飿ñҲ
սƳһۣƺĲߣֻߵǰҳһĵ鼮Ȼó롣
˵ϰģȱ飬үҪһ𣿡
̿Щ鳤̲һĽ룬˲ͷƤ飬˼Ƥ
͵վͻȻ𣬻һЩûüͲˡ
˵ߣȻߵſڣͻȻʲô͵ͣ
Ťͷս˭飿
սƺЩЩ룬˶Ū˼˵Ҽǵãүƺи޷Գ۷Ӣ䲻
˵ҲǳˣҲûôҪ֣үΣ
ս޷棬һľݽ˴֭
ս޷Գ۷Ӣ䲻˶˽ȥ
Ӣˣʶڮĸͦߣʵúܡ
-

332 ձǲǣ

ս̵ĻĬĬͬ޷һ
ó̫Ƕˡ
޷ȻŶ˵㣬廹ǲģˣ
ҪĻĿܳΪ̵ĸڳߣݻ
Դĸ̬ȣ⻹
ս˵޻𣿿Ų񰡡
ֻ˵񲻺á̱սһűֱ׳˵޷Ͼ汾꣬鲻飬᲻֪һȥ˵ֱҪС
޷Ѿ˳ȥԶҲⷬ
Գڮһ㶼ġ
սʱˡ
ڮ޷ͰˣʲôȻƲҽ
˵Ȼ޻ôãǸúúõǡ
ϾǸүĻүĹӢţδ̫ϧ
үҸѸٸһЩҩ塣
⻰͸ˣǱܵؾܾУ
ΪβУս̱үҲ˲޻޻ǶүĹүĮǺЩģ
ֱʣֲսжĥɱ¿֮ˣ˵ǰһ޻Ѿڲھǡ֮£ȻС
ԭսȻ򣬿漴˵޻岻ãүôҲһȥأͶ١ۻ壬Ǻã

ûûǲǣŭһܿ˵޷ŵסеҽҪҲòġ㲻𣿱־ǡ
Ϊ֪ĿҪѵ·ģ
սôܿ˵壿
ֻˡ
үⲻʡսܾҸ߃ҲУõү
̲ˬ۾
Ҹ߃̣
УԲӦ
Ļ̓̿ûһǳóģҪսˣŮ˿ô죿
ǃҲϰǿĺõúܡ
ȲҲͨǿˡ
ԣԲս
ԽԽԸ֣㻹ʲôŮܲףˣڿ
ս˲˦үǲҵҽֻǵ˵ү
̣ԻĴˣ
û£ˣ㲻Ҫϰ𣿻ʲô
үԼ˵ģȻˣɱ˵ҹ۸㡣
սô˵ȴЩӡ
̾Ȼģ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ҫ֪ϿкܶѨġ
ɱģѨɾΣˡ
̵û뵽ǵأ
ͣôܻΣ쵰϶û뵽
ûʶãڳ˷ޣôܻ
Ҫô粻֪ٴˡ
ս룬һһ͵͵̵ɫ
ƺʮֽţ;úЦ
ջָȸүѸɣүĪҪ
˵꣬ߵǰʾ֡
̳ȴúܸɴ࣬ûаɵ˼
սˣû뵽̾Ȼôɴġ
ѵ̻Ǵ˵еĿֱ
Ϊʲô
ô
ڹ̽
սŵڶ֣⡣
޸̣һ۴˻飬סôҲ֮֮óݡ
Ͼַ⽨ʵ̫ٵˣûԺյݣܶˡ
Զڳ̣ûھŪ
뷽跨ر
ʷϵĳ̺ôʮ꣬㲻ţ˶Ҳˡ
Ļ
սὫָڳ̵ϡ
մȥͷ̶ֳһ£ƺڽš
սؿһָۣסϸϸ
Ȼ󡪡
үôô죿
У㿴ˣ
߳ŭغһҪջ
ս״͵֣סȥ
ʵʲô
̺øˡ
һӰ죬Ͳ׼
սʱˣүڽʲô
Ƶŭ𣺡˭ˣԼûѧã
սһ⻰͵ؽưĿϣûţôʲô
̽ŵҪ֣Ȼץס޹ǵͻȻͣ
Ȼ˫۵սɳƣҧгݵʣձǲǣ
-

333 ;ⶵĳ

սȵؿų̡
û뵽ķӦȻô
ĿбҪӦôأ֮ǰҪΪķأȻ̶ȵ
˹ȻǴӡ
ս۰Ͱ͵ؿ޹ˣү̫ˣҿû侲𣿡
̣
˵úˣҪ侲侲
Ѫյ˺òã
յصǰǸ޹ս޲ץס
ǿս峺񣬳̹ڷȵѸ侲
Уô
ҪôˣսԺô
һֻᷢڣ
ҿ϶Ů˿϶ô
͵˿˹ѹġӦָյƽ
侲ؿսģ·ոǸ߳ŭ˲һںˣɡ
ս
ǺǣҪǶԼļǳģҪԼոˡ
̺
Ȼܹˡ
ղŵķӦôôǰסĿڣбҪô
ҲҪ˰סĹȾ跴Ӧ
Ѳɣʵϲ
²̫ˣͳ̲ʶãôܻϲ
϶ˣ
սѸ׿Щ߰˼ʼ̺
Ȼһͷ̵֣ȻЩë
͸ûһôôవˣ
еİˣӦǰ˵ʱûлָġ
һЩʱɵġ
ս͵͵ĥһ󣬺ܿ뵽ڡ
ȻΪһʼ
Ȼݸ߹󣬿һʼֻǿ
̫-ʵ۴Уĵλķ췴ƹصּ÷ɥֻ׼ӴϾ
ʱΪ˱Լ̬ȣͬʱҲĳӳ£һȣӶ˳ȥ
ĵ۵ĸһȻִ£ĵۣѵùߵֵھһˣǻȥ
ʱųҲǼ޳·ǸͲ
ȻĵʼйǣȵûѣֵųԸһģڸڿӡ
һԥһֱûֵܸץ
ֵܱɥǣҲӦ
ֵһųİ͵͵·
ų֪󣬻أ»ĵۻǨŭ
Ǿ·;ңԶֵһ·ӻȥ·ϲ֪˶Σա
ľѣųɹڼ侭εգüζ
ʷϼأ۶ΧȫɱһѪ·ȳ
ֲǵǹɣôľôܲˣ
ʱҲûú
°˾Ͳˡ
һİˣȻֵܱûһء
սҩʱ򿴵Щ̺ۣĪЩζ
̽Ŷʮ꣬ںĻͻϴѧء
ȴѾİˣ֪˶ٴ
治֪Ǹ˵̫󣬻Ǹ˵;ⶡ
Ӧ;ⶰɣ
Ͼ£ȴֶӼ˱ˣò³Ҳ߯ˡ
ս뵽̲סͬ
̱òڣ̲סʵ㻹ҪãûУ
˺ˡսصһۣү䣬ȴû뵽ϾȻôవˡǲκãԺ鷳ɲС
Լˣ˵޷ģ
սó뿪ʼͬʱֱ׳˵·ˣҸһ¡
Щ𾪵ؿȻܿаˡ
ʵ֪սҽֵ
ҽʵҪõö࣬ҽҲȲϡ
ֻǣսİˣЩ⡣
ֻǺ˸ûѯﲻʣôģ
սԽԽˡ
ս̵Ļź֪طֵ֣Щͻˡ
ôҪҪһ£
Ȼĵʱ򣬱ֵô
뵽İ̺ۣĬĬƷ㡣
ЩȻŲۣȴܹó̲
ǳЩˣٶȣӰ߻ħ
ôһ룬սˡ
ˣ͵Ǳˣ
ҧҧû˵ү֪ҵˣҪǲģҲԾܾ
۾˵
-

334 ϶ƭ

սһֱ˵ЩˣүΪβ˵ҪүԸ⣬ֱ˵ǣαء
Ѿưˣ
̷ɿ˵û˵Ը⣬Щ⡣
սİˣȻơ
Ѿͷʲôʱôˣ
ˡ
̲ؿսһۣϽ⿪·
ȻЩ֣ǺսҪû¶֡
ѵ÷ǳɴࡣ
սôȲ·رϰߡ
ȵȣ˭ھ·ģҵĶû׼أ
սε˵һ䣬æȥſڣŷԸƽƽȡһҾɾС롣
ǡ
ƽܿ˶
սŴһ죬û˶ְŹˡ
ǰҾƵСһûȼ
óɾþƾʪƤ
һȼյľƾġ
ȼյʱк̣ƾȼյĻɾ
ѡ˾ƾ
̿磬ͽ
ƾƤʱ򣬴һȻţչĽִһʹ͹̡
˵Ǳ졣
һʼܲڣǽͷ֣Ž벻ϴ£ϵİƺûôˡ
Ǵɣ
սҽܺãЧҲôŶԡ
̲סս
ΪҪģսھǰľܽ
ʹԿĽë̵ͦıлһӣ
ӣǻһɫҲΪޣཱུģرóԵӣ˺޲ҧȥζ
뵽ܿ˽ࡣ
Լ˼ȥϳĳЩӦǻæƿ񣬲Ҷ࿴
ȻĿ˳սĴȥԽԽ졣
̲סĵߣ˵ԼûѾܴˡ
뵽ͻȻòԾ
սģǻûǵСѾͷ
нãҲյڵвѾߡ
ԣֲûʮСѾͷʲôġ
սģȻ˼˵ԼС
۾ϹúŪ
ȵȣսòǹͣʵͼ˰ɣ
ԽԽ
ʱֱƭķŭǶݺݵصսĺһۡ
սڸģͻȻһҧгݵı飬Щ⣺ڿʲô
˳ų̵񿴹ȥ˲ǺĶأ
ֲǹҪģһƲͷ˵ˣҲûʲôÿġ
ս˲ЦˣǣȷʵûʲôÿģүԺǧٿˡ
Դǵ˵ǿɲУڱϾǱܵø㼸ӡ
սǺǡҪӣ
˸ۣүǲģֱ˵ǣα˹Ĩǣ
ߣȻͲ˵źأ
⴦Ͳˣɣ
Ժֲܵ
սߺߵţѸʣ¼Ѩλ׼뿪
˭֪ͻȻסҪȥĶ
ս䵭˵ŶѾˣȥЪʱ䵽룬үԷ𣿡
ˣץ󲻿Ϸſող˵кܶవڲһʣµѵˣ
սͻȻЦǰϾ˭ҽѧûأóȻ룿һүˣүԺ˵ô죿
̣
ͻȻ;ãе쬵ġ
ǲɿ֣Ǹȥɡ
ˣһѾͷĶ¶֣Ժô죿
սˣϵЦ
Ϊ̶أԭҲ˰
ҲǣǴӣϾҲô
ֻҪˣв˵ģ
ǣ֪˰ɣԺ󻹸Ҳǰţ
սʰ˶תߡ
Ӱ鼫ˡ
ؿ뿪ͻȻеơ
뵽սղŵвû
⣬Ժ󶼲սˡ
ȻһӺ󣬳̹Ʒ·ǰǸĵ˸Ͳһ
սģ
ôܣ
ֲǰ׳ա
տʼʱֻǵģԽ;Խ
С˹ʱ򣬾Ȼڵת˳һЩ
תܰ˵ĵطܻЩ
ȻһΣĵĵطȻ˳úܡ
϶ΪսĵԵʣ
Ȼͣ
˵ûȻǼ񵽱ˡ
Ȼܶʱͦˣǹؼʱ򣬻ͦ׵ô
-

335 ձô¶

̹ϸı⣬ԵսʱЦе˵İɡ
սƳһۣү±ˣ
̣
Ǹϡر
ԥһ˲Ǿðա
΢Ц˵ǱĴǱûҽɣʲôĽܵס
ⷬ˵Դǣ·սô޷Ƶġ
Ȼս֪Ҫİѳ̸ˣƵõ
Ͼ
˵̫ܶΪȱ󶼻Ϊ̬
һ˵ֶϽŻܽܣǵȶˣ˭Ҳܲˡ
ǱͲ뵱˵ġ
Ȼˡ
ԣװʲôأ
α
սĵױӳ̣ȴ˵ҲѧûãǲСİү˷ˣҵɾʹˡ
̱̬Ҳ˵ˣ㡣
սƤЦⲻЦغһ𣿿ϧҲԼĺһСİˡ
룬Ϳʼһ
̿ƺĲģ˲üͷȻ˵˵ȻǲűͱѾΪޣҲֻάֱĹϵ
ձĺܺ棬Ϊʲôô᱾
֪жദˣؿűʹ࣬ҲԸΪƣ
ս⻰˲䡰Բۡˡ
𾪵ŤͷųһȻˣ·ʹ˼ӣ۾Բˡ
ô
ͷǴԳ̱
ΪʲôȻôҪ
һʹļ׵ӣҪ
ǡô
սҧгݵ˵үûҪ
۾һӦ汾𣿡
սһƵóѵĵӣûС
ɫһ䣬ΪʲôѵҪؿűʹ𣿡
ս
ʵ̲סˣүͲ⸱ӱ˿𣿡
ܱܲˣ
ҪǱ˿һúܶ˵ģ
ûˡֱ׳˵˵־øղǾ仰˵̫ˣб¶ɣһԳزˣ±˿𣿡
ô

˿ˣѵҳȥҽ
̵ĵһ
սһ¿ˮ̵ӣֻЭˡ
ȻȥԼᱻҪ˵Ʒˣ
ûôÿôҪģ
ˣķϣ̣
ս룬˿ʵүģ
ոջȻ˵ĳЦ˵ˣ㡣οȻѧûãҪϰʱ򡣱Ϊķв֮
ս⻰ٴЦˡ
쵰˵Щʲô
æưˣǵ˵ɰϰģƤȳǽתǶҪˣ
ôûЩ̾Ȼأ
үԼ˵ģүǧڡ
ưǰɣǿɱ³Կ࣡
ͻȻַǳõԤУؿս⻰ʲô˼
սЦеү뷴𣿡
˲ϣô᣿Ȼ˵Ҫ㣬ᷴڣɷһԼȳ׷˵Ļ;Բᷴڡ
ţǴɷ
սͲµ׷ڣԵҲûʧ
óһҩƿͷһöɫҩ裺үǵңͰҩˡ
̺ؿóҩʲô
սЦе˵Ƴҩ裬ûԹүҳ𣿡
Ͳҳԣ
̹Ȼˡ
սһۣȻùҩ裬ϸ
սͻȻûɵĽ
֪Լڽʲô
ӦǲԵİɣ
ֻҪԣɲġ
ս뵽ø˵ģȴԼ͸˲
Ϊ̲ԵĻǾ˵Ͳ
ôأ
һҩѣпӣŻȥ
սԳţ˭֪ͻȻǿźɫҩ趪ȥ
˲侪ˣѿھʵôȥˣ
ڳζһŵӣʱҲŽñԵѵҩܳԣ
ˣҩòʲôҩɣ
ԣձô¶
ֲɵ㵨ӴҲֻǸµСӦòҪɣ
ˣһˣ
ս
ûпЩḻ˼ֻ뵽Ȼҩȥͱø⸴ӡ
-

336 ҩЧ

ղǿҩʵƳϴ赤
׾Ч
ǰûгԹ
ңһƳû
Ҹ飬Ǹ˾Բǳ̡
ոձһ̼ȻһȣͰϴ赤˳
ƫƫȥˣ
Ҳ±
սĿ⸴ӵؿų̣һľǱèצһ£ܲڡ
̲ǸӵͻȻЩĻšʶʵձʲô񣿡
Ҫָӵ
ѲɣոȥǶҩ
ͻȻַǳõԤУеڸղŵĳ嶯ˡ
սСʵûоﲻ
⻰ʱӻˡ
ɣ
ѵж
̽ŵʣ˼ǡӦòձԵĵʲô
ս˦ԼҪԵģҿû㡣˵ˣ˭㶯ôģ
˵꣬Ϳ˵񣬶ʱǳڡ
͵û¶ǡ
˭֪˵ͻȻʹüͷ
ȻҩЧˡ
𾪵ؿս̫ʹˣǳˣ˵ձô㣬Ȼ¶
սĿ⣬ˣæϴ赤׾ЧͲʲôҩ
ȻǵһƳϴ赤Ҳڶ˰ɣ
Ļ𾪣͵͵˿
ԭϴ赤
ԣϴ赤
׾裿

żƺع˵ǹƳϴ赤Թ׾裬˳ࡣ
ֻǣϴ赤ҩѾʧһֱûƳϴ赤Ƴ˲ټٻ
ȥ󲻽û˳׾裬˸ˡ
սȻƳϴ赤ļٵģòҲǼٻɣ

ԽԽյ˵ô˵
Ҫ֪ϴ赤Ͳˣ
սʵͦģô˵ͱܵطһ䣺˭ôģ
ǰѹ˦˳̡
ųʹģҲˣͼ͵ҿˣϴ赤׾ʱȷʵʹ࣬ʹ֮ͻתתԣڴͨ˷ҩЧ
ЦһΪ𣿡
⻰սеǳ뵽ȷʵçײø̳ϴ赤
ԥһ£ûǸüȰ˵̡
˭֪׼ȰʱͻȻֳѾ͵͵תͨ
ս˲ˣ
Ǻǣ̫ɵˣȻķǵĴӣ
һԣҲ̡
ĬĬת
ʵֻǴ͵͵һ£Ͼ̫ʹˣҪǲʲôҲ̫Щ
սûƭܵһ²֪
һʼǸ壬ֻ̽Եתһ˿
һתͷʹʹǾƺ˳ˡ
һ͵͵Ӵȫת
̾ô͵͵תϴ赤ҩЧԭľȫͨˡ
ֻԽתԽǾʹ嶼Ҫһ㡣
ȫ
ȻܶӣʵϣǵʱǾһѣսûк
Ƿˡ
ĬĬԳ롣
ʱ䲻֪ȥ̺սڷ˭Ҳûȥ
æתͨûȥ
սһȻҲûȥ
ϴ赤ϾһƳ᲻ʲôҲԱһԡ
һ̳£ܼʱԮסС
˾ôڷһͷһ˭Ҳûôôã˻ô롣
ɫ
սһеûģǾ顣
ĬĬóֽд˸¯ֺ͸¯ֻ˸ʽ䡣
ո˼ʱͻȻʱƺûʼʹý̿
ǲҲȷֻǺרô˵̿ʹãҪڲȷء
ɴд˳
ϴ赤ҩЧȥˣʳ̡
ҪûеĻͿס̵ͣ
д֮սȰдõֽ
Ȼȡ
˭֪ûãͷʹƽŵʱ䵽ˣҪ𣿡
սĬĬӡ
Щˡ
Ȼ̴ʱģֻܶƽ˵ȥ˵һʱá
֪ǣͷƽ⻰۾һӾ͵Բˣ
ʱ˶ţү桭ףǲ֪ʲô
-

337 ʲôζô

ΪһѾߣƽȻδˣ֪Ķȴ١
һսĻһӾˡ
йŮŶãΪʲôأ
̫ˣ
ƽ뵽ĳֿܣͱЩ֡
ܿ뵽սѾߣ
ΪһĹѾߣʱȻӣ
˵ūˣҷģū澽Բκ˴ŵλӡ
սѾϰƽͷţĪҪչϰҽ⻰Ҳû֡
ƽ˵Ӧһ⽻ͷţ˭Ҳ׼Ž
ϴ赤ѾЧų˲ʣһЩѪ
ӿɲ˿ˡ
ȻĻҪô˽ͣ
ҪǾö˵һֱ£ˡ
ȻúÿȴǸСɲܸѱ
뵽սյص˳һۡ
ƽķԸȴ˲붮϶ԼĲ²⡣
Цһüɫر֤ܷģ˭ūأū澵ʬ̤ȥ
ЩǴӻϿġ
ʱ;ã⻰ʵ̫ˡ
ĬĬ͵˵
ȵˡ
սţƽʱı顣
ƽЩ̫ԾƺЩ˷ˡ
̲סüͷƽô£˵ֻ˷ܸʲô
תһ룬뵽ƽǶȱӣȻˡ
ƽǶɫˡ
˵ô˻϶к֢
ƽȻ˵㣬Ȼô˵ˣӦûغš
ԾɣֻҪû˻ͻȻˡֻҪų̣ѹûˡ
սô˼ƽֵ
ֶ֮Ŷӵһʱ̲۾
Եʣո۾ʱеһš
ս۾˵ڣүԸˣ֪үϴ赤ЧΣ
̻֮ǰһС
嶯֮³սҩ裬֮ͻȻþʹΪս˶
ս˵ϴ赤תԡ
һʼνϴ赤ּٻ˭֪֮󣬾Ȼġ
Чǳã
˷ܵû˻֡
һͻȻд˲˲Զһӡ
ӿûʲô쳣·ղֻǴ˵硣
̲Щ졣
ѵʧˣӦðԼͻˡ
սɫȴ׺ˣ̲ס˵үˣҲòŻӰɣǿϺõĽ˿ľΣ
ôһӿɲˣȻ˵پͻ١
ܼӰ
Ǳ룬п˿Ϸ죬һ˵ã
սŵš
ȴһ㶣˵Ūӣ
ʶǰӣɵ۾
ǰûʲô仯սôѾ˵ģ
黹ٰ
̹˹ȥǰӡ
߽֮ӿȻûʲô仯
ֱһţϲͻȻһƣȻѸٵ˵ϡ
ٿпڣƽ쳣˿ľҲޡ
˵ľͷѾкܶľάȽϴֲڣҪĴĥ֮󣬲Żù⻬
ȴ쳣ƽζţղǵ쳣
˿ľƼӲˡ
ǻˣҲһ׾ٱ룿
뵽ֿܣ˷ܵЦ
սЦʱ޷ֱӡ
̲סѵүûŵʲôֵζ
ٴס
ζ
ʲôζ
ʶ˿Ȼŵһȳζĵò³
ţͻȻ֪ط֣ģǳ
̶ʱַǳõԤС
ʶ̧֣͵͵һۡ
Ȼͷֶֻ֣úںģʲôճ档
˲ȥˣһ뵽սԱ߲ԶѾŵϵζͺ޲ʧǰ
Уȥԡ
Ȼһͱط֣鷿ԡͲͨ
˶ˡ
ȥˣ
ھʱսͻȻ˵ƽȥȡЩԵ
ƽ˵ǶūȥóԵġ
սӦһţϽȥɡ
ƽԶ̻һӰȲس˳ȥ
ߺսæ򿪴ζɢ˳ȥ
ƽ̫죬ζûɢɾ
һŵζ̲ס˾䣺ʲôζô
սͬ˵ոͻȻƮһɳζңﴫġ
-

338 ı

ƽսĻ󣬾ͱƵ˿Ĺ˵ūȥңһԴͷҳ
˵;ְѰ
սסˣĶûʹһ£治ɫ뿪ˡ

ͬʱ̫Ӷ
ڣָ̫ס
սһйעš
սʱ򣬸ȴ˻ʺһϢ;²Ծ
Ϊ˲ϧ˶ӣֵ̽Ϣ
ȻֱŻʺ
Ȼûʣֻǲʳˮǲҵġ
Ȼˣ֪һЩ
Ա뷨ӣԶطסֵĿڲС
ڣֱǶôǸ͵塣
ǵȥֵĿڣܿŻʺ»
±Сġ
ڴϣ۾һܿ˽ܷ﹬һϢ
սŻʺĻͦһʱ䣬޼˻֦ˮ
£á
ܷ﹬ŻʹϾ֣ܹˮ㣬ûֵ죡
뵽ܿĸһ
˳òƽʱôۣ˭Ҳ뵽ǽĸ
ܿ˳ȥ
ģҹɫԽԽ
ҹĻʹǰݷľޣڰõıɡ˭Ҳ֪Ŷı

սԹһк֪ѹ֪λ̫òڴ̥ˣôͣ
ƽ֧󣬾Ȳȥ˲ͳԵ
Ƕˡ
һЩСţ˵ҪϽ˹
սţϴĳ̾ʹһˮ˽̻ʵس
Ҳˡ
ҴҽţʱѾ磬þˡ
սͳ̻صԷ˶ߺ۶ų̣Щʵʵүϴɹ˽档
̲סЦţ˵ûʵȷ˲٣Ƕǿϴ赤
˵꣬ЩԾԾԵؿս
ҪսٸУɲôǱˡ
Խ
뵽ĳЩ˼飬ЦеʵձҪдһ𣿱Բ㣡
սͺǺˡ
ֲɵῴڸҫأ˵дʱ򱨸
ŲӦأ
ү⻰ʲô˼ҿŮӣһүд裿ο컹ҪţүȷҪд裿
սҪʱ϶š
Ͻ˸˵ǣʲô˵Цѡ
˶٣̲סʣˣ֮ǰԵϴ赤ж٣
ս˸ۣүѵΪϴ赤ǵĴײ𣿡
ǵһƣܹų
õһţʣš
Ŵͨûãϴ赤ʱûʲôá
ȻѾԹҩЧʣϴ赤ûҪˡ
ֻǣϴ赤Ҫ˭أ
Ҫŵʱ򣬸λԣ
߸ϵţ
ˣǵ˼˵ɡ
̶Ѿùϴ赤żѾûҪˡ
ܹܲ˳̡
˵ϴ赤Ҳأ
ʱ̻ʲô
սߺߵţĬĬ˴
˭֪£̾Ҫ
ս뵽ʱȻ̽§ڻ;үոսȥһ𣿡
Դǵ˵ͲˣٹҲһɫϢʱϢ̫
ս̲ס˸ۡ
ȴûһЦеʣձڹı𣿡
սױƤȾˡ
ǶƤ˵ֻ
ûողŷ˸
û˵ү۾𣿡ҿ۾Ϲ˰ɣ
˭֪̾Ȼϵ˵ǰ۾ܲҪҿ
˵ˣһ˫۾ؿս˵Ѿ׼ˣɣ
ս
ͻȻвУ
Ҫֺ֪ƤŲҪ޹
սҧгݵүƺˣ㲻ǰڻҸ˶
װɵ£϶Ǵˣôܻỳ㣿óǿҩͺԥسȥˣ
սûȻͺˣҸ˶
̵һ˫޹۾϶ûУǴˡ
Ҫ۾˵Ϲˣ
ս
øۣɴתñ۲Ϊ
-

339 ȴɫҪ

ſڣ˵ʲô
ԥһ󣬻Ƿˡ
ˣ˵ȥս϶˯ĻҪôأ
ʲô˵ء
ǳʵս˯ȥ
˺һĥսӦ˯˹ȥ͵͵ز˹ȥ
˭֪ոնһ£ս͵תӣһ˫۾װͰ͵صʲô
͵͵Сĳ̣
ЩΣȴûʾһ޹ؿս㻹û˯𣿡
սЦˣǰһû˯Ȼôܹ֣ү˯ʱȻôʵأ
⻰̾Ͳˣֱ׳طôʵˣЩ˯ţ̲ס˸ôʲôûʲô
ս
ǻᳶ
ϵģҲһֱЩָؾʱ˯߱ȽǳһСᾪѣү˯ϲԺǷֿ˯ȽϺá
ףǲʲôˡ
ԣûʲôֻսڻѡ
̳Ҫ˵ģǽЩ̫ˣƽʱ˯ʵ
ս龰ûס˸ۡ
ͳһģ˵Լʵ
ˣôôɡѾˣӦòС
˯ɡ
սôţ·ӣ׼˯
Ҳûһֱ˯οǰ֮ɲҵų̵
ľã֮ûٸʲôС
˾ôһ˯
Ȼϴš
źսԼ˴ȥŸһ
ΪǻţǸһȥġ
һƵ
ѷںһͲ١
·ϵ˿̲סͶעĿûãϢڽھﴫˡ
սͳҪġ
Ȼ޸˳̣Ȼܰ׷ݣܵøĳЩôǡ
̸ǲռҳ
ϾŸӶܳȻȢսǸռҰһϡռҳҲǸԼ
ֶΪأ
˵ʱ򣬺ŵ͵ϢԵ˴ͷӭӡ
խZ褶ڼңΪ˿սá
սǾֳҲȥսսţǵȻҪúÿ
սһŵ˵Ŀͷ׷׳˹
޾ףˣǴɫҪˡ
Գһռ˶ս̲ס
£˶ˡ
սöˣ޲Ҹطȥ
ץס̵ӣҪ˭֪ͻȻס֣ͷЦЦС̨ףߡ
ʱ䣬˶սͳ̿
սҧֲϹӣõųţ
õòã
쵰
Ȼʱǻͷ͵͵أ
ܲܵ˵ֻ̳ܼЦ˵Ƚȥɡ
ŵŻ񣬷׷״սͳ̽˴š
Ȼ󣬴źܿסп̽Ŀ⡣
˺ͷս˿
͵͵˳һۣС˵֣
̵ȻϷſװɵ˵ʲô֣ģſġ
ս
ɱҪ˵
Ȼܡ
սʱˡ
ȴǸⲻˬ̲ס˵¹䣬Щ˳үոǿ֪ɷָһ
Цǫү˿ףǱĸףҲǱұдգֱ˵ǡ
֪ˣ
ŵտǷǳģ֡
ȻսһǸԾԾԵӾͼˣæ˵үӣдջǵ´ΰɡ
ǿϴ赤ó̵ʵ˲١
ʵĶ֣
οʵδܿסһˣô죿
ս˵ûס˳һۣǾ֮⡣
ֻź˵ǰˣ̫ʺдա
ŲЩɡ
ոսɳǿˡ
׵úܣɲڹĳ̣ھʲô
ңһӣˣ
ԣų̲д裬Ϊʲôأ
ѲɣҲ֪
뵽žЩ¡
ǰôˣѾ
СӴĻҪݺݳԿ
-

340 ʵЩ

һ뵽ԼݺݳԿſ̵ͷǳˡ
ڻɳǹģдʱѵ
˵ǲˣڿ
ȻŹ̫Ƕˣ
̲ĲͲˬغһ
ܹ
Լдģֲġ
д裬ѵܾܾӦˣʲôԵģ
ʲôѵǲȢսȥ
ǿɲУ
̾Сսߣ±˭ȥˡ
սصһֻۣǵŵ˵棬ʵڲøֻ̳ˡ
ԥһ£˵ŮѸô
ԣʶ̣
ȷʵеսףٰԵҲТ
װȵЦЦүñɣҽѧúܲ
ô˵ս
սҲɣ̸Ȼͷ֣ŵȻԤϵвٰˡ
ó׼ϴ赤ݸţŮҩǿ壬Ȼͳ˰ɡ
ϴ赤ҩƿ˭Ҳ֪ҩƿװʲô
źԥؽӹҩƿȻɵصһźɫҩȥ
һĨ죺õŵȣΪҽھͳˡ
սʱЩɵۡ
ϴ赤ɲΪھͳȥģ
ۿϴĻʱˣϽȥ·ɡ
ǵãġ
Ҫǻˣ˵ˣ͵
Ϊ·æ˺ܾõģ
Ųؿ·ΪΣΪ·ʲô𣿡
ŪͲˡսòղǿҩȻǿ壬ǳȥ󣬻Щ̫õķӦܻŪ·
һ͵վææظ̸˴ǣʹ˳ȥ
սεط˷ͷȻһתͶ˳ζĿ⡣
΢Ц˵ոպүԵǿҩƺ
ձ㻹˵ûУ
սܿ治ɫ˵ҩ趼ò࣬үǼǴˡ
̣Ǻǡ
ļõúܣ
֮ƺ̫ԾЩġ
խZȴǱġ
ǿɲţս͸ųԵģͨҩ衣
ο̷ǶԸղǿҩǳ⣡
ǿźɫҩʱ۾һӾ͵Բˣ
ô˵ǿҩ϶򵥡
ʲôҩ裬Ȼó⣿
ΪʲôöûΪνͻȻˣ
иոձ˵ǿҩȥвõķӦŪ·
⻰Ӧò٣Ȼż˵˵˳
ε飬Ӧ˽˵
ʱģ̫ˣ˲ϣ
Ҳ˵ǿҩ裬ͻŪ·Ѳɡ
ֵһֶۣԷ۵Ѿ˾κˡ
ȻǶµʲô
ֵʣȻȻѯʵʱ
ڳ̫ˡ
˿ǴȥŮ͵ܵҲڣԲס
ֻʱʡ
һȥһֱû
һЩסˡ
·ѣҪôãţ˸˳ȥȥô¡
һȥͷŵĸԷͷ
һ£̲סʵүû°ɣ
˺ܿ˵үոշԸˣ˭Ҳܽȥ̫̫ذɡ
Щţ˭Ҳܽȥүô˵ģ
һȻ˵ĻնԸүȷô˵ģ
翴ı鲻˵ѣֻ˵УҾһأү飬Ҿ㣡
˵꣬תߡ
ͻȻһȥأִԷ
ʵЩ
ոͷС˵Ӧ˲Ŷԣ˭֪ȻһֱûзӦ
ºܲԾ
ұʣųԵĵʲôҩ
ܿãȻ˸ڣս˳Ҹطʻ
ĸŮճȥûãխZ褾ͷ׷˽ڳ
̿µʲôûš
ϴ赤սŪģԼãҲ֮顣
ѾùˣûҪŲá

սȥ˾Ժ
ս޺ԺӾͿ
ɰ˴ɨ
սţǾĽﲼù
ϧʱ绹սû˼ȥЩá
˴˳ȥȻսʵԵĵʲôҩ
-

341 ˵ɣ

սͲµʲôҪڣͻȻխZ褹ˣͳſڿ˹ȥ
ȻûãխZ褾һˡ
翴Ǿһ£ôˣ
խZûлش𣬶ʵĸ׸ոȥ˰ɣôˣ
ԥһ²˵ͷ˭Ҳýȥ
ֵᣬæûϵǧ롣
խZˣЩΡ
ãǾ㻳˭ҲܻŲ
ֲӽˮôܻŲ飿
Ҫǳ£ʲôô
ε˵뵽ȥˣôܻỳãҺʹֻЩ棬õ׸Եʲôҩ
սҲ⻰󣬾ʶսֱ˵ɣԵʲô
սխZ褣֪˵ϴ赤
խZһʶһۡ
֮ǰв²⣬ս˵Ū·Щǹżصϴ赤
ֵֻ˭Ҳҿ϶
Ͼϴ赤ⶫֻڹżعֱڣδ˵˭ɹƳϴ赤
ս֮ǰѾȻᣬκǻǾãϴ赤̫ˣܹƳ
Ĳ²̫ţϸȥ
˭֪սȻƳϴ赤ųˣ
ӵôģ
խZãðβŻع㾹ȻƳϴ赤ôƳģ
ս治ɫ˵һ£˭֪Ȼɹˡ
խZһ뵽֮ǰǸΡ
ǶսǸɹȻЩŰɣȴû뵽Ȼεϴ赤
ѲɣǸɹܹϴ赤
ˣȻɹȣ˻ϴ赤ʲôģ
̫Сˡ
խZ࣬ܿսĻ
Ҳˡ
û취սóϴ赤õ֤
ôһֱûܹƳϴ赤ʲôôƳ
ֵôţ鶼øӡ
ȷʵˡ
ʲôϴ赤
ʲôΣ
ĺǵ˵ʲôΪʲô
˺һǲôڹʵǡ˵ϴ赤ʲô
սͽ͵ϴ赤šִ˵еҩ˵Ժܹ׾衣׳ϴ赤Ӧûø
Ž껹ʮֵ꣬׳ꡣ
ϰ䣬ϴ赤Ҳ֪ܲ
ʱҪǳɹҪ̻Ҫʲôõġ
սš
ھǺڡ
֪̾ȻʵͲһʱ嶯ǿϴ赤ó
Ҳû뵽̾Ȼȥ
ǵӴ󣬶¶
սڻȻùֵֹġ
ǰܶˣΪүүǸҽܶ˻ҽСүүߣ˺ܶҽˡ
үүҽѧ÷ǳãҽʱүүͻ֡
ҲֱƣȻƷѧ˶١
ȻЩ˿̫Сֻүү
дүүڣүү
˵󲻵ãֲ뻵үүͳ֣˸Ȼˡ
үү֪£ҽʱ򣬾ơ
ô
ϧʱ̫ᣬѾȻвٲ˲Ըı£ܾҪүү͵ϴ򣬲汾¡
ԸԿӣ˲ԸȻҲŸơ
ֻöˣҲԽԽ䡣
˭֪̾Ȼô
Щҽˣ̫ʱ򣬶ҽܲΡ
ôأ
˵ɣ
սĬĬ︹̲ѡ
սĻȴЩĶˣ˵ϴ赤ܳ𣿡
⻰һխZ褵˲
ǡҲ԰
ֵĿƵؿս֪Ĵʲô
սĻŻع
ֱӾ;ܾˣϴ赤ʱʹ࣬²СңһֻƳҩѾõţֻʣһš
⻰ˡ
ʹôˣֲǳԲ˿࣬ôͲأ
խZһֻʣһҩһľøˡ
խZԴǵ˵ô˵ϴ赤һƳҩЧȻˣǾ͡
褹ϴҩɣ
-

342 ǹ

褵ĻһڣխZ۾ˬس˹ȥ
褾խZǵһϣȴǲɽȻ˵ӣش󣬾κʧҩ֮£ɡΪá
ȻĻû˵ͱխZˣ׼ȻѾҩ׼κ˽ȥ϶ǷҩЧãԸ˴š
οҲΪֳӣӦԴöȥðգܲ˵ˣҩ
ֱЦˡ
ԥһ£ûٸխZȥֱؿսȻѾɹһΣӦÿԳɹڶΰɣ
խZ⻰͵͵˶䣬ҲܺսĴ𰸡
ҪĿƳϴ赤ǡ
Ǹ̫ˡ
խZɫѸٱܹϴ赤£Բ֪𣿡
鲻Ծˣϴ赤ʲô𣿡
խZص˵ĸ֪ϴ赤ȻڹżмأȴʧǧδƳɹ
ˣ֪ϴ赤ɲ٣ֻҪ֪ˣûвõģ
һ֪Ƴϴ赤ȻΪʸ֮ģΪЩ˾Ŀꡣ
ô˵ŻˣܵסսҪǡ¾Բܴȥ˭ˣ֪𣿡
ȴͻȻʵո˵ܹƳϴ赤ѾõšһǸõģǵһأǲǸ
ԣʧɫʲôô˵Ѿ֪ˣ᲻ᡭ
խZæοĸײõģ˵ȥġڿ³ç֮ˣ֪£ҲֻὫøá
˵սǣҲᾡĵر
Ƴϴ赤͵һơ
ֻɵӲŻԼ
ƣȻҪСĲ
խZ뵽̲סǰſڣսʱ򣬳̾Ȼǰǿ
ߣ֪ĺãûǽ
ҲǱ˭Ȼ˼ǿ
խZԽԽҪһҪ̵ɫ
⣬Ȼ뵽һȥˡ
ֵĬذѳ̼Сͷ͵ʲôʱݺݽѵһ٣̫š
˵Թ̫ǿˣõĳ̶Ӱ죬ͻȻ˸硣
һǲˡ
ԺխZĻ˿
ֵܿʵˣҩʱΧкö˿أһ˭˵˳ȥǡ
˵ö˶ţôˣȻһ㶼أҩ֪صٳȻô˵ͳˣ
սֻðο̫ˡʱȻܶ˶ڣ˭Ҳ֪ԵĵʲôҩȻ˵ҩǸŶõģû˻ỳɡ
룬ܲ˿
խZ۰Ͱ͵ؿսʣµǿϴ赤ء
սϰϴ赤˳խZ
խZõҩƿ˷ܵ˲üЦصһۡ
սʧ˵ҪȶԳ꣬ʵҲڶ֮ϣҩȸ硣´Ƴµϴ赤һ
ЦǺã㡣
˵֮Щģϴ赤Ӧòװɣ̫ˡ
ţ֪ģҲԼġ
ϴ赤ȷʵЩ鷳Ҫ£ϴ赤ҪһζǳҪҩϴ
ⶫǰûУǿռżȻ־۰Ͱ͵Χһòݣ֪ϴݡ
ϴϴݵĹʵ
ӲųţţһŲƳϴ赤
˵ҪģΪֻţ͵͵
Ϊ£òˣϴ󣬾ʣ°һ
ǹ֣
ˣ֮ǰ˵
ҪͰ֮ǰ˵͸ǰɣ
пôƽһµĻӦÿԼá
ǿϺõĽ˿ľͷʱĽһ
ϲӲӵĶ֮ǰʹЩȥĶˡ
ǰѽ˿ľӣӦûϲ
ܲΪǰӱһ£ô˲ҪɣҲ̫˷ˣ
սֱ׳ţûԼʲôԡ
˷ѿɳ
ռϴյڵͻȻ˸¡
-

343 

ϴ͵СԴؿΧ
˭ĸ˵
ʱͻȻŵһζ
ϴѭζȥܿͿС̵سѡ
̰׵ɫرһſżسһ󴮣СŵӴˡ
СͲ棬ֻǰצž޴ѣһؿš
ϴζ̲ס˹ȥβʹСһ£Сţôڳˣ
Сſ̾ػס˻ѣϴﻹ˵Ѻúóѽϴ쳢
ϴһۣߣưġǸɶŮ˰ǵϴˣͲ𣿡
СС˵ǡǡطѽ
ϴָһβͣɸֵŭɵɵطҪǣܱһУǵĹͶ
Сɵգգӣʣǡ֮ǰô˵
ϴ⻰һβͰˣôôɵĵܵܣ
ҪǸǸɶŮô˵ǸŮ˿϶Ҫ
ûôأ
ϴߺߵţСצһѣݺҧһڡ

ռ⣬ս֪С
ϴ赤խZ󣬾͸á
֮խZҲ½ˡ
뿪̫ã˿϶ỳɣ˵˻ͻȥˡ
ȥ֮ûã̫̫͵ĵѯŵ
ս֮ǰ˵ģ˵ǸųԵŶҩ裬ҩЧЩͣſҪһЩʱ䡣
̫̫ûٶʡ
˭֪һֱȵ磬緹ʱ䣬Ų١
ϴһЩδɢˮȻǲǰϴ衣
˶̲ס緢ɫ󣬰㲻µӣʶȤûжʡ
ù緹ûã̵һͻȻ˵ʲô
ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼ͸˸ǣս
սûϾ˳ǲǳʲôˣ
̿һۣȻûֱӰ˵ˣĸůЩ⣬֣ҲЩ⡣Ȼһˣô£Ͳȥˡ
ǵսůºܿǳսġ
ŻʺϲЩŻʺΪĻ٣ɴս˹
սһЩ£̾Ͳµʲô쿴ЩʱǷúõģôͻȻˣ
˶٣ζЦҲ޼ǣǽˮǽͳˣͦɵġ
ȷ̫ˣɵǳĶ
ĳЩ˵еúܡ
˽ƣǸСǼŮ˸ɵġ
˶λ̫ʱ벻ˡ
Ȼδؾ̫ģ̫ˡ
Ǿƺˡ
սܿ˵һүһɣЩһͦϲģܲǲ׵ˡ
̻ȰֻǻûڣӭѾ
˶Ƭ̣հǺãȻȥһɡ
Ȼô˵ȴûֱӽǻ·˹
˹źȻ
ûþ͵Żʺܷ﹬
սһȥͿŻʺ鲻̫á
ʵȻͲɫصţ뿴Żʺô
ǳڳԵʣŻʺûгѣսŻʺ͸
Ȳ˵ǰ˸߶˵ĸĻЩף֪ɲԭ򣿡
ʵֱ̫ףսһ¡
ŻʺüͷЩѣ⣬ֵʣ
⻰սͷһ
⻰ƺ˵ġ
Żʺô˵
Դǵ˵ɸ˵Щĸİ֮˸ҶĸĻ֣ܲ⣿
Żʺû취˵Ѿˣ˵չ˵˲Сģûˣʲô¡
û˵ǣûԭ
ˣտЩĹŮѡײԾҹԺ˾ûˡ
͸˼ս裬ԲѡԾ
һֳɰŻʺòᡣ
ɵῴڹս
սţҲĹ۸ˡ
ɵǣ˹֣ײ
֮¶֡
浱ɵô
һֱûʣԿܲʲô
۽磡
-

344 ʵ̫

ŻʺЩ£ͷŭȼգ
ڻȷĻֵ˭ǺȻԷѾ쵽ܷ﹬˵쵽ӵĸϣ
һӣϴ̫ӣסڶЩʱŵûʲô
϶Ļȴһֱ˳δޣͷǱģô˿޵
ˣЩ˾ȻϷŹ쵽
ȥӹԺ˹⻵ֵӣ޷
սŸռū澾Ȳ۶ӡ
սųӣûѹס
ǻɴ˼࣬ϲµģ˵þҪΪֵŵѹϱ
˵ĵҲ̫ˣץ֣Ҫ㣬ΪҺûˮ㣬ȻָʹĻƵսͷϣ
Ϊ˰ִ󣬴ײֱڴʺ
ʵ̫ˣ
ϴ¶¡
ҪսãζԾ˷Ķ֪Ѿ˶ӣ
£ŻʺԾɾƽ
ûĸĸ׻ϣԼӶӾƫƫѾ˶
ָոռ޹ûãǶڶôҲҪϼ꣬ʵˣܻˡ
Żʺ󰵰ĵ̾˿Ҳ֪޹ˣܲöԺӾ
ֻ취ϵӡ
ʵڲУҲֻܱˡ
ɺ޵ģĻ֡
˴ϻھȻֳս֡
Ǻƣ
ŻʺģһԼƽ
˳һֱۣӸˣȻˣȥ㸸ʰɣӦл˵
ԣʶսһۣȻЩ
ŻʺҪۡ
˸öӣ
ǰȢϱӶĵġ
ȢϱǿøƵģĶˡ
ѵܰս˲ɣ
Żʺɫһ̶ôߣ
һ⻰֪߲ˡ
ٴβĵؿսһۣοĸ˵ɣȥʣܿ
ŻʺҧгݣСӣ
Ȼϻ˵ûȢϱ
СǲΪˣ᲻ˣ
ս
⵽Żʺ񣬾Щˡ
ڸʲôȻŻʺ˵Щ
Żʺɵǳ̣ûе
ףѵûǨŭ
սԥһ˲ǾԼӦ˵ʲô
̶ˣܲûʾɣ
˵үȥɣҪĸҡ
̿һģʱˡټŻʺ̫Ϭԥһ£ǹԹԹˡ
Ժս˵ĸ󣬲֪Щɻ٣ܷöô£
ŻʺЩȻô˵սһۣƬ̺ĸЩأ𣿡
˵ӦڵģҪū澴ȥ
Żʺ͵˵ͷȻ뿴͸ȥɡ
ս΢Цŵ˵ͷòض˵֣ˡ
Цһ飺ңū澸ģū
˵գʹս˳ȥһ·˻Է
սȥʱ򣬷ͷ˺ܶ໨ݣڹĻֲˡ
ֲݣȵ״̬ˣȥŻʺů
֮ǰѾ˹к
սʱЩĻѾ˳
һۣ컹ӵĻݲݣѾյģûʲô񣬰ӡ
Ǹ¹٣һԡ
ս˵ǻʲôҪʵģ
ս˵ͷܿˣɿЩôˣ
ͷûҿСػػūֻЩ˸ɾô£ū澻ûƳ
˸ѹˡ
սʵҲô²ģôҲֹģݳ⣬ǳ棬ǾǸϵë
Щͷû棬ǾͿ϶Ǹϵ⡣
ֻǣϵԭкܶ࣬ҪÿøϸЩС
ֱߵһ軨ǰץ껨һᣬӻ˳
ͻĶͻһ
Щ𾪵ؿսǾŪݵģԺ⻨־Ҫ裬ɲס
ùСĵؽֿܰѻó
Ȼɾ
-

345 ôģ

𾪵۾Բˡ
ر棬ôģ
ȻţĶһ
ֻ껨ͻȻһ
ţһĻ˲ͱɢˣʼ£¶ïܵĸϵ
䵽ϵĻѰʲô
ҶϿĸ
ȻûУ
һҲ
˵ϵƳһţʱ򣬸ϵ϶⵽ƻ
ֻƻĻӰͲǺֲܴܿ컺
ոնô໨˵϶ƻ˸ϵŶԡ
ûƻ׳ЩҲöˡ⻨ĸϵƻ϶ס
˭֪ϾȻһûУ
ôģ
ѲɣǸ֣
뵽̲סƤ͵͵սһۣʵ̫ˡ
Ҳڴս
ȻŻʺչ˹ݣǻֱȽĹǻⷽľ鲻ࡣ
ҲͿսոһֵжྪˡ
ʱսΪʲôҪô
սʵڼϵ
˻͵͵ζ
ζţΪͷлʸҩζ
ûжҩζ
һʺҩӦͼӽȥģʱӡ
Ǿ˵⻨ͻȻ£϶ǱԵʡ
ֲ鿴Щϵִ󲿷ָѾˡ
׳Ҳ˲٣ֻʣ¶̶һػǺõġ
ЩЩˮ̫õġ
ⲻӦá
ǽˮ̫࣬Ҳõ졣
϶бԵʡ
սָЩõĸ･˸²⣺òǣ˹ǽ˹̵ˮɣ
ˮ̫̣ϵ϶̱ƻ
뵽ܣɫܿȥ
Ϊ˶ԸǲŸˮ˾˻ЩѺڹͷϡ
ս۾۵һƬ䡣
ԭûŶԸңǶԷȻһֱǾͱ̫ˡ
ûս۵׵ı䣬ǿ˲ɫ
ʶսǿʲô
ʵǷʲô
սûһɣù̵ˮ˻ϣƻ˻
⻰һͻȻˮû϶ˮˮ̫ߣܱƻô
սû˵
ʵϣˮ¶ȺԣзŨȣˮĶ٣Ӱ쵽
Щƻٶ޵ġ
ˮ¹߻߹ͣ߹ϹŨŻûڼ̵ʱ⵽ƻ
ǣʱӦûԣʹõķ϶ֻлʣϵŨӦûû취Ѹƻ
ǷϵԵʣζҲų
ŴҲҲˮ
ҲǱˮƻԿ϶̵ˮô
ˮŲζ֪ˣˮ̫࣬˵Ϊǽˮ̫Եʡ
ȷǺơ
϶Ļ;սӦǲ¶ˡ
뵽ȻַӻЩ̲סһ䣺Ǹ澣Ȼұ£ūȥ
תߣͻȻʲôֶս˵Ҳһɡ
սʣЩأô
򻨽˵ϵѾƻ϶ֲˣֻܴǿϧˡ
ô˵̾˿ͦϧģͦϲǵģ͵ſء
սԣ˵ҿˣȻ󲿷ָϵƻˣǻһϵǺõģúŵĻ˵ܻ
ȴҡҡͷ֪Ǻŵʱʱģ΢һ¶ȱ仯οڸϵƻôࡣǽȫժ޼֦ɣǲпܻһҲˡ
սʱȻ
⻨ǸŻʺ󿴵ģƷ΢ЩǷˡ
οǵĸϵƻҪȻ͵ժ޼֦ɡ
һǾĻƷҲ׻ˣ˵Żʺǰͨ˼ңҲְĻ
˵ȻˣȥԿܲܰǾȻ
⻰̲סսһۡ
սΪ˾ȻЩ
ãսҪסεĽѵ
Ҳǣε·ǳģôҲ
ЩѾˣҪʾŻʺܹ
ֱ˵Ȼģū˽ȥٿûϲĻūһ͹ȥ
-

346 ֱ

սô˵ûһ˲ϲģ쿴
ʱȪˮţĻ϶ֶƯ
ֲ׼ˣǾˡ
˻սû޼õĻ͸ȥŻʺˡ
Ȼ޼ûȻ˽Щ͵ȥ
һصŻʺǶ͵ս棬ˮ˵˳
սɫȴ֪Żʺ̬ȡ
Żʺĸʲô϶ǰŻʺġ
Żʺ˼⵱˵Щ
ڲֻ˵ôΪֺҲ̫ˡ
ڵ˵£ȻŻʺ¸޹ء
սɽţϴǡô΢Ц
ŻʺɫͳԭǺƣ
˶ԷƣҪսģ
Żʺ뵽ֱð̧ۿս΢ЦģЩ죺ôģ
սЩȣŻʺȻֱӽС
Żʺ󿴳ľȣЦ˵СýУôˡǲЩϰߣ
սȷʵܲϰߣֲǰ׳գʱĿܻϣ
ܳЦЦûУ̫ϲˡ
ĸԺͽ㱦ˡŻʺĬĬ˸Գƣôս˹ϵȻȰؿս˵ҹһЩ飬ůŪݵĹŮײ
˵˶٣ɫشսɫüͷ΢壬Щȣȴûбŵӣﰵ˵ͷ
սŮӵͦ󣬼飬Ҳܱ侲
ȷǱ˸ʺ̶
Żʺţֽ˵ײ֮ǰ˵һЩǶǵĻʾ
ֻĸǲŵġǸĺӣĸ㲻ִ£ô˵㡣
Ļĸһֶšĸû뵽ȻЩҪ߸㡣
ô꣬ʲôıûǱΧٳ£ĸҲۼġ
ЩƣĸǼ΢С£ԭû֪
˭̶֪ǽ˹ȻԸ㣬ҲеĻĸͲò˵ˡ
ս΢Цֵ壺ĸ˵޷
ŻʺҲһȰЦݣȻŽ˵ǰĸ˹½ȥ
ʵϣĸ˻ѣڹΪĸЩ⡣
Ѿ֪ǰĸǰźģʱǺܽģҲ
̶ͷûһŮˣĸȥԺ˭֪ټѾӡ
ĸԾŽ˹Ҫʵʲô¡
룬ΪĿڣָʹ治飬ǣ˽
º󣬾ҪֵĿڣץסˡϧǸʿһ¶ȻԾûʲôõ
ֻţʳһЩûãżͬĽá
˴Ӵϵ־ͬĹƻ󣬲ŽӣһЩе˼
սʱȻ
ͻɣֵ̬ʮ֣ԭǺӡ
⵹Ҳ֡
ǰŻʺź򣬲֪˫۾ţȻýС΢ǫ
ʱûŮˡ
ΪǸԺõģټ
ԺֵĹϽ֮УеȨ˲С
ʱһȻӡ
ο˲Ϲƻ
һˣȻҪ˵ļ֤˵Ľάɱ˵ĸá
ЩƻĶȻǲͣԵӲԽԽ
ƫʱ޵˳Ůˡ
ӴԺ־͵ܣеȨҲý
ֵȻ⣬ԲҪһס
汻ָסˣŮˣԺܼ֮ȨԼǰһ磬ܸ硣
ѹ֣ա
Ю־Ю
˵ҪôðӴ˷ɻڴ
ҪôԹķԸдȨᣬԺֻܵѰĹ֡
ȻֻͨĹ֣ѡա
һеˣЩֶΡ
-

347 ս˵

ŻʺսѾˣʵЩʲô뷨
ս˵šáƺһֱڱơȻֵ֪ǺʱƻģԺĹ֡
ţǰȻĸźģǸˣ׾˵ĹƻԶ²⣬˹ƻֵʱӦò̡
ĸո˵ֵͬ磬Ҳ˵Ļ֣֣ôͬŵ˾ǣż
ԷҲҪʱ䣬ζţָոյԷܾܿͶңԷô๦ӣĿġ
Ȼֻū澣ԺĹ֣̫ˡ²⣬ԷΪľ
Ҳ˵һеĻ֣ܿǳġԼ¶˺ۼĻ
ս˵ǡô¶ֺ֮ɫ
Ļû˵ȥ
ЩҲǲ˵ģֻᡣ
ŻʺЦôȺͣ͸ƵġҪ˵̻£Żʺ˳Ҫ
Ķ
ɫشŻʺ󣬹ȻŻʺɫѾࡣ
ȻŻʺѾŭˡ
ŭӦǳűȥġ
ǸһеĻ֡
Żʺҧгݵ˵ûǵĿȷ̶
ҪĶӣܹ
ŻʺЦ᳹ȥ˭ƣŹ
ҶĶӣǾϴɾӸţȻѾᣬɵõģ
˺һŻʺѹĵ׵ŭĳضս˵뵽Щĸĺܸˡ̶ܹȢ㣬ĸ
սɬ죬շźϼܹ޸үҲǶĸ
⻰Ѿ˵ˣû˭Ӷأ
һŮ˵ӾԱȿԼҪõöࡣ
Ȼսô˵ԺŻʺϵЦݶøȰˡ
սԽ⣺ȻǸúӡĸϣܼסȻ޸̶Ժ̶͵һپ٣һ
̶ΪΪԺƿ϶١ĸϣԺҪӾ裬̶ͬ۹ãĪҪС˵ơ
սΪȻ
Ŵ˶Ǵӣδػ٣Ҫˣ϶
Ļʲô£̿϶ܹմ⡣ҪˣΪŻʺ۵ĶӣҪԱף
ϸ϶Կ
ʲô취أ
۴Ŷģ˼ȨҲӦá
ҪԼ췴˻ʵۣȻҲΪ
úܣŲҪʲôʵۡ
뵱ĻǾȥˡ
սͣ︹̣ȴڴӦĸԼǣѾ޸үȻҪүͬʹࡣ
ȥ֮󣬶ȻСĹԺЩСлɳˣ˺ү
Żʺ⻰Цø⡣
Ȼĵģ˵̶ԼҲҪģڵĶҪ֮ĸϣ̶κһ˳£ֻ뿴Ƕúõġ
ս˵Ȼĸϣһ̰ѻλ
˭Ƿأ
սĬĬ︹̡
Żʺȴ֪ġ׳־Ѿߺûټ⣬˵һЩġ
һߣҲڸ˵
£ڴ̵⡣
ֺҹȥץˡ
ϧԷ̫죬ҵͬʱǸѾ˿ڡ
ȻǵϢ
йŮԼҪֵǸʿ
Ȼǹˣ
⻹ˣ
¾;ò޲ðѹȫץһ顣
Ȼܡ
Ѿ⣬˷һȥµĽ
һҲûеȫֻһ
ȻܽЩȫγǶҪϢ͵һߡ
ֻҪȱмĳڣ߾ͻϵ
ʱ򣬶ԷҪϵ͵ж
ֻҪ˶ţץˡ
£̲岻֣Ҳ
ҳ̣Ҫͬߣϴ¶¡
˵ˣ̫ҪǵϲС
⣬ͽҲúúòһ顣
˭֪֮⣬ûб˱ƻˣ
Եսٴμ̵ʱ򣬾ͷɫܲÿ
Ĺ˵˻ʱͲˡ
ҪڹԿ֮ǰûڹţһ˹
˭֪һ̾Ͱսסˡ
-

348 սķʼ

սͻľٶһܵһѣʲô
ϧûƿ
̽°͸ļϣԺܲԾ𶯣ñһ
սţͻȻֳ˼ĴʱѾĴ
Щ⣬ԥһ£ûټֻǺʵû°ɣ
һʱЩģ˽ү
̱һȻ˵ԺбO
ս˲䱻O׵⽹ۡ
O
˰ɡ
ļƤˡ
Ժ㰢̺ˡս˵³̼˵ȥ
ʵڣ˵˵㵽׳ʲô˰ɣ
ˣʲô˵˵·Ѿҡ
սΣֻš
ֱǻصսֱ׳ƿˣȥɡ
ûĬĬſﰵ̾˿
Ȼûص˼ݳһۡ
ûõĶѳݵôʲôûء
òײҵڱսţȻô͵ˡ
һźһսһ߽
һţŸԷֿ
ô£Ҫɲ١
սͬҪ
ȥ˹ĻǶȪˮ
Ȼȥ鷿ƽɰ
Ըƽźսɰ鷿˵
ɰɰ㿴ۡ͢ɣ
ɰ˵ͷū澵ȷǰūڼҵʱ򣬸׺ĸ׾;ۡ͢ÿһڶ¡ū澻Сʱ򣬸׻ū
Щ¶˵Ѿȥ˺ԶҸĻ䡣
ȴֻ絶
Ϊ׺ĸףС˿ۡϰߡ
ǣۡĸĸȴѾˡ
Զʧȥǣеܵܡ
սģͼ˵Ҵ״Ԫ¥챨ֽǵһڵݣ㿴
˵꣬óдõıֽ滮
ɰԣֻѸ˼ù滮ʼ鿴
ݺܿ𾪵رɫ
ۡս˵ֽʱʹ²³˻ʲôĶ
ǣݹ滮ʱˡ
ۡ͢ǳݡս˵ⱨֽ治˹棬Ҫءǡд˴λԵĻԪѡԼͶƱ
ݹ滮˵Ҫдһƪ£βμӻԵѡ֮УѡһЩпܿлԪˣ²˭ΪյĻԪ
һҪͶƱ
ͶƱʽñֽϼӡͷ
ζţҪͶƱͱֽ
ɰݹ滮𾪹սͱþ弫ˡ
֮ǰͼʶսĲӪ𾪵òС
ٿݹ滮͸Ӿսֶˡ
սһ֣ʵ̫ˡ
֪вڲ²˴εĻԪѡ״Ԫѡ
͵͵ÿڣĻԪ״Ԫѡ
Ȼûս챨ֽͶƱģ
񣬾ŵ״ԪѡǽҵĴӡ
֪һݱֽ϶кܶͶƱѡӡ
ݱֽϾȻ`ǹ棬ǻܶࣿ
ǰۡ͢ɲ`Ĺ档
ɰĹ滮Ǿþ̾ѡ
ֻһͻȻЩԾ
״ԪѡǽҴӣ̫ǽˡ
Ҳ˵̫ϵ
սôڸƣ
֪ˡ
ɰԽԽ̲ס˵֪񾩳ܶ˶ãҴӻε״Ԫ
ͶƱҴӵƱܿġһǸ
˵еս˵ͻȻζЦ״ԪǾ˼ˡ
ɰ𾪵ؿս˼ǡýҴܹ״Ԫ
ûҲáսЦζϵ£ֻҪû޷ۡ˶ýҴӲѧˣ˭֪ǲ˵أ
սڶġ
򺲵˺ܾܿǽλӰŵģζţԼΪвμεĿƾٲ˵볹׶;֮·
ƫƫκ򺲣򺲽ʱ򣬿൱緢ȻǼаյġ
⣬ɼֵˣ̫ҡ
մԽǻɶڴ¶񶾣˳ӣᱻ̸
ʱֽ̫ӽ˹ά˼ʮԡ
ǳţЩԾнҵֱʡ
к¶ԼεĴ֡
ǽģǽҵƶȻ
λӶȻҲܵӰ졣
-

349 ڿ

սԸҡ
µһֱ棬Ҳ̫Щ
ңеԽɰȥе飬⿿ɰǲеġ
ۻͷţҪƤӵ¸СͱøСĽ
ܲ˶֪ڶԸҡ
սܿ˵㾡˰дҪдõ£ȷˣͿʼӡˢۡһ죬Ѿȥ죬ֻʣʱ䣬ʱϽ
ɰԣ˵ūȥ֪ܹͨ£˾д¡
ս˵ͷȥˡ
ó֮ǰõ¯ͼֽ¯
ͼֽԭǴӦ̵ġǳϴ赤Чǳãʵˣﷺᣬû
ȻѾҪǸλӣһЩ飬ͱˡ
⽹̿ϵұԱŪ
ֻ飬ûгƷŷ¯
ϧǣޣû취ִ¯ֻܽʽĳ
ҽ¯ҪͻשҪ¯͵Ȱͻשճ
սãдһݼƻ
հѼƻдã˿ŵ
ǹϰѼƻ
Ȼ̣ĶҪһóģó̿ݼƻ顣
Ȼƻ飬̾˽
ôˣô鷿
Ŷ˻飬û뵽ʱ䶼ôˡ
սɫ˵ţߡ
̺ɵؿһۣҲ˳ȥ
˻صԷսȥϴ裬ǳ̡
ϴʱԿ̵ɫЩ죬ȵġ
ս̲ס࿴һۡ
̵òüãɫһǸһЩ
Ǵ
˭֪̲񣬾ȻһۣȻȲسԡ
ս̲סЩ⡣
ʲôëʲôǶ࿴һбҪôô
ս÷˸ۣھǰʼͷ
һ߲ãһ߼ƻţȳ̳͸ֽ¡
Ƕ֪״Ԫ¥ҵģĿ̫ԣǰ챨ֽҲ
ҪԱֽ֮಻̨ܰĶ͵辶
ս˼ȥ»ǵɳΪס
Ȼסĵ顣
뵽һϴϴ˺ܾãʱսͷˡ
̲סɵؿ˳һۣϴ裬ôôã
ϴ費ͦ𣿳̾ȻѵӲ
˭֪һ⻰ͻȻǺһԶһʲô⣿鷿ôãû˵ʲô
սһ߳ŭģЩ뵽£ûٶ˵תʵү˵ֽ
̺ʣֽʲô
ۡĶս򵥽һ£˵һԱֽ֪үɷæ
һսæ̲ס̧°ͣԱֽʲôСԹôЩֵֹĶ
ս͵ԱֽȻǱõġ˭ң˭ҳ֮İϢ
̻ȻȻ󲻽ʣ͸Բ࣬ôͻȻ
սͣүҲ֪ԼЩоԵ˵үᡣ
ԱֽȷоƣͬоԵĴޣԱֽӡˢȥȴǿԴݵϵر
ЩԹٲϲүүΪˣдӡˢڰԱֽϣǽ
̺ܿˡ
ԵȻ֪ġ
ս˼Աֽһǿ˭˳ۣдӡˢͷ٣
սֽ˵ν֮ڷ²衣ʱоպҲɣԱֽ
ֻҪ࿯һЩ˵İԣоæſ֣ﻹ˼ȥүʲô
͸ˡ
ȻԽԽ뵽ʲô
κؿսС£ҲҪ㣿㲻и״Ԫ¥
սԴǵ˵״Ԫ¥¥ܰԱֽο˭֪״Ԫ¥үйأүҪ״Ԫ¥Աֽ
ʶܲˡ
ս˵ְԱֽǵ˵ģ״Ԫ¥죿
˵ô˵Աֽȷܸ״Ԫ¥йأⰲˣұЩ
սЦеʵүԱֽĸˣʲôݣ
-

350 ˾綾

ʲôݣҲɵսĻͲµѾ˾Ĵ㣬ձʲô
սûֱ˵𰸣˵˵ܶ˶ڲ²⣬εĻԪ״ԪǽҴӽܡ
ܵ游ѧǵĴ壬¹Ժɽ¹Ժʿеʥء
̶ԽҿûʲôøУսô˵һᣬر˵ʲôһˡ濼״ԪҲǸ
սؿһۣүѵйڣ
̸ܵûʲôڣһм˵ƾҲ䣿
ܸͲ
ս˵ѣ͸ˡ
ӣɲǸûڡ
ɫ̫ˣƾȥҲ˵
ҳ̶ԽܼȻļƻ϶ܹ˳
˵үƺϲĻҾͷˡҾãԱֽĸˣǽѧԲзۡ
սĻƺϲܣͰ˿
ֻЩ⣺Բзۣʲô
ȡսû뵽ԼһȻ˵˳ͽ͵رݽѧݵԲе˼
ΪΣ̶ԽҵʵûкøУսĻЩӦΪβǱԲзۣ
սһүѵˣԱֽʲôģǴǵʱԱֽһڵݾͿǼܺͰ¹Ժ
Իͻȿǳıֽү룿
սĴ㡣
𾪵ؿս޾׵ͻȻʶǰЦ̵ˣʵ˾綾
ķԸңʵ̫
Ҳ֪ӿ߳ʱ򣬶Ȼʮġ
ʱǿԱֽǼͣȴԽܼƳ磬ﶨȻǨŭڽܡ
ⱨֽԽǼƳ磬Ҹûɷѡ
ʵǡ
̲סֻЦձСԹӹȻòȻİ취ģվͰȥ
սЦǫ飺ֻΪүǶѡ
һЦøˡ
սٴι˲ϼ룬Զʱû
ĥŰԱֽܿ˯˹ȥ
һҹΣʱܿ쵽˵ڶ졣
սͳùźȥůŵĻ˳㿴
һֱСůս˷ܵظϲѿˣҷ˺ö࣡
սԴ˲⣬ϻǡô¶˼־֮ɫȻѿˣչ˵úܲ
ǫ˵ū澲ңĹ͡ū֮ǰֵʱǳÿûôá
սûٶ˵ǶȻѾѿԺСšйЩҪܡ
Ȼū
̺ƳЩС磬ȻûʲôȤջ
ȥЩ̫ս㵱ҪȥׯʵЩûʲôÿġ
սƳһۣүӦģѵ
̲սֳСˣֻܴӦˡ
սͻװݣԼӣŸһȥ
̿һװĴ磬˵һ̫ƽݿʱ
ʱҲһװ˿ԵŮȴʮۡ
ϲӣǿʱȴǲر˹ȥ
ʱЩ𾪣±˿Ŭװӡ
˭֪սûд̫ãѵǼʹѾˡ
ǣܵûͦġ
ֻƻСꡣ
ЦһЦضս˵ǵã
ս˵ͷǳط
̼״Ͻ׷ȥ
ϴսʱǻδɻ飬Ҫ񣬲òս־롣
Ƿޣܹڵһ
ܿ쵽˳ׯ
룬ǽʵǲɡ
ǵʱׯЩҡ
˲֪ׯĸţˡ
еĸţʱû
ȻǼ¡
ţ޷Ҫ˴Ӱ쵽ճɣ
Ծ̲̫ũ£˵ºԾòᡣ
ׯĹ¹ڵϣøɸһ
֪Լؿ϶ˡ
ս̲ס˵ȻţˣǾΪ£취ǹʲôã
𾪵ؿս۾Բˡ

Ҳ̫ˣ
-

351 ը

սõؿǵԲ۾Ĺ£˵Ҹʲôţûأ˴㵣𣿡
ʱװ磬ǳ̴ӡ
ˣ¿·Ҳܲ³ݲһ㡣
սǳ̵ĸ̬ʮСġ
սĻ˲˿ϣչӿ֪õʮֳأأ»Ὣ˻
˵ɫܲÿʵϣȴ˿
ʵôˣϾǴ£ˣ¶Ҫѵġ
ֻ˸أֳܻܿʱҪֿˣǵ𷣣ճ
ȻأֻҪƾһٴӦ¾ͳˡ
ԺֳҲûϵѾܾˣչӲȰҪ˸أɲܹ
Щ軧ݽ棬Ҳˣʱȥ˵һʡ
µţС˵ү˵ȸţأٶҲ࣬»ǻᵢ˴
±˵Ȼʱ˴ǳĹ
͵͵̡
սһۣһţʲôʱ£ô£ΪβʱϱǹҴүǰ鿴Ҫūڹ
û뵽ͻȻѣһ͹ȥˡ
һ룬žԾ
λչӲӣΪׯĹ£Ӧõģ¹ô£
ôһ룬ֱϥǣؽ͵չ֪ţͻȻ£СĹүոմ飬ǴϲӣССȥү
ǿЦһǵһ˵ȻС£ս˵̲סƳһۣүΪأ
ըˡ
սʱΪսҪ󣬲ûǰ֪ͨȥ
ԭΪׯһ˳սĴƬ
˭֪һׯ͵֪˸ţ޷صجģ
ô£ׯĹ¾Ȼ
ֵ£Ȼִ󵨵ĵū
ɱ˵Ķˣٿǹ¾Ȼսһǹϣߵõ˳ȥ
ﶫҪã
ǹ²ҽһغҲ˲ʹæ˹үСһֱүĹϹᣬа
̿ǸµӾ;öģö˵ȥúõز飡
ţ£ôҪϢȻҪ˵ʲôģ
±ߺսˡ
֪ţȷȫ˲ϡûء
Ȼ̵ׯܹʮĶأҪֵľĶʣµĶСͲˡ
ĶأֵޣݣĿʵء
δҪޣֱ絽ȻͲˡ󶹡ˮԼһЩ߲ˡ
ĶزСĿøţһµʱȫء
ţأʱֻ
Ϊ˵ţصĻЧʿ϶ߡ
ƫƫָڴʱ˭ҲȲĸţ
̶ֵص²Ǻܶׯ;ͷ
Ȼֻܵ˵ܴܲӱŪţص£ˡԲܵ󣬱ʲô취뱣֤
ׯͦ󣬳һ֮⣬ͷвС¡
ʱС̵Ļһ󷸿ࡣ
ÿࡣ
ׯȻвٵ軧ɵ軧ͳԲأʱ򻹲֪Ҫˡ
ƫƫѾ˵ˣܵҪȥ
û취Ѿ˻ǾپΪѣҲ
ǣܿе軧̧磬ų̵濪ʼء
Ϊܳأ⿿һ˸Ʋˣֻϰӣǰͷߣһںͷ硣
ɼˣЧȻúܡ
սһضЩʹõǳ磬޲˵ر
Ҹȷأ׳ǰͷߣٶȻ̵ġ
˵ĴҲصúܣȻ۵òᡣ
üͷԽԽܿóֽʣСϻʲô
̵ɫҲܲÿѾˣأٶúܣܹ㹻ĸţȻεĴ϶Ҫˡ
ʱͻȻսڻʲô
º棬̲ס˹ȥڻʲôǡ
һ䣬ͿսֽϻͼͻȻµʲô
-

352 

ֽϵͼս㻭ѵõģ
ս˵ͷΪܣӦÿʡ١
˵գͼֽ˺ݸ̣ⶫףҸľӦúܿá
˷ܵؽӹУԡ
ϸ˿ִȷʵܼ򵥣ꤵļӣһӶѡ
ܿá
̽һȥľܡ
սû˵ȳ̰źú˵ȥٿ
Ȼ򵥣ҲҪЩʱ䡣
￴˸أȥĵطׯڳΡ
Ȼܾողսǰ˴ھ뾡Ҳ
ֱӴӦսȥׯڡ
ϧֵؿ˵һϲͨȻʼÿ궼µشյʱҲµո
ɶӰˣĿȥֵأ
Գ̴սһһʱҲûʲô
ɨһۣŴƬͲ˵أﻹͦ˷ܣóͦ
̵سսȥҪ
˭֪һ̾;ˡ
սȻšüͷ黹ʮ
ǡ˼
̶ʱЩζ̲סʵΪüͷѵ㻹ţ£
սۿЩϸݵͲ˸磬üͷԽԽүѵãЩׯڳö̫𣿡
𣿡̾һЩׯڳò𣿡
սһһ䣺ѵǳú𣿡
̣ǳò
⻰ɲ˵±ս
ǰǵʱҲԼҵׯ
Ȼأؿຮ̫䣬ֳׯʮֲá
ׯ軧һ굽ͷĸׯҲϱ߶ġ
ǰЩׯڿҪȱصׯ׳ʵ̫ࡣ
˭֪սȻǳ̫ϸݣ
̺ɵؿսһۣЩׯڣǾЩׯڳúܲ
յսߣСձĶׯڣɴδ˵ׯڳرá
սƳһۣĬĬƿһֱжũ顣
Լ˸ڣȻͷŵЩС£߹ȥʵׯڶʩһΣΪγϸݣ
Сһ⻰ɫʮѿ
Ƭصׯڿׯﳤõģ
ΪҪׯڣǲط⡣
Ϊţ齵ǡ
˭֪δչӣȻ˴Բѣ
Ȼ˵ׯڳòã
ҪЩׯڳöãطׯڣǸˣ
˵Ļ˻
Ϊŷ˴¡
˵ֻѵǣȫһˣ
һСвޣ̲סʵչ˵Щׯ̫ϸݣѵǼǸ׳ʵׯڣ֪չĶɷСǿ۽硣
սۿɱӵĻ
˹ŲӣСĲҡ
սЦһҿ㵹ǸҵúܡǱ㣬㻹ûش𱾹ӵĻׯڣʩһΣ
첱Ӵ֣˵ЩʲôͻȻ˵ʲôشǡ
һɫʱһףܿʵ˵СչӵĻׯڣÿ¶ʩһΡ
ս⻰ٴšüͷÿʩʣΪλϸݣʩʲôʣ
˵ȻϺõķϣ
սǸĵģ;úЦŶʲôķϣ
ɲţõĻʲô÷ϡ
Ƭطׯȴ˲
˵ûʩʣпԭ
˵˼Ƭׯڵÿ¶ʩһΣⳤƾ̫ˡ
֪õķж⡣
СսеĲмŭʩӵķϣСǻѪĵƶɡ
ǹ򣬾ʮ鷳ҪţڹУţһ졣ȻټӶƲݣԶӵճϸңɹɣˮɹƼɣȻʩС
˸ӹ򣬲Ϻõķϣֳׯڡչȴ˵ׯڳƲãѵչиõİ취
Ȼʮֲս̬ȡ
սֿСһۣҲΪ
̣үΪΣ
̾;öģϵȷʵͦ鷳
룬սиõķӣ˵޷
սЦЦ˵λҲšȻˣʵ˵ˡүһظңҵķϣʱЧ
-

353 ͷй

һսĻͲµ϶а취
뵽սղŵĻЩׯڵͱˡ
Ȼս˵Щׯڳϸݣʵ˵ǾζţľЩׯڳòãа취ǳø׳ʵ
ô
ô˵Ǳˣ̿϶֮ԱǣöԷڻȡ衣
⻰ս˵ģǡ϶аգ
˵˼˵ķʲô
սûнͣ˵ڲȥط
̫νӹˡ
Ƭׯڵأǰ´ģ֪Ƭׯڵؾׯﳤõġ
Ȼ̹
õׯˣЩƲõģָʲô
ս̾˿ĿٴɨЩС¡
Ȼǰһ˵ҪȥطЩˡ
һ˼е˵үطʩʣţүȥĻ»ײүĹ塣
һɫ˲ѿ
ûС£ǾؿսȻʩʣ´ȥ
ȥĻζ
սɫҲǳÿ룬˵үղŲ˵ҪָĳһƬׯڵǲȥطׯڳƣѵүҪƬׯڵطָĳ
ôһ˵ЩС¹Ȼٴμˡ
ƬׯڵؿׯﳤõģҪǷָյģ䶨ˣ
Ǻܿ˵үСĸոһƬׯڵػûʩʡү뿴ĻȥƬׯڵء
⻰۾
ɵῴЩСˣУ
ոջ˵ʩʣսһ˵ҪƬׯڵأ˾ͼˡ
ͷй
뵽ɫ˲ȻˣǱȥ
˵ֿ꣬սأ
սЦЦĳȻүġ
ô˵Ǿ̲ס̡ɫתƵļơ
͵͵ɫĹľѣ̲ס²սݡ
ϧװʵ̫ã˿Ů
ǿ˺üۣҲû³Ϊǵ͵͵ŭ˳̡
̲˲ʵþεˡ
սһֹۣ
Ȼ̻òᣬ俴ǰһۣǼһʡ
һʰ
ܿ죬ӲͷƤųȥսȥһƬׯڵء
һ߹ȥ˵սǶֵһϲͨĳ̣ׯڳ÷ǳá
绹ͲˣϸϸģһӪӣҳҲ͸ٻƵġ
սǰүүũֹأһ֪ЩׯڳƲãΪȱʵԵʡ
طׯڳ⣬˷ϲõԵʣҲ̫ƶԭ
ϸһţＸŲʩʵζֻŲľҵζ
Ƭرƶ񤣬ϷޣׯĹѡ˷أĸЩ
ô룬Ҳ㲻ϴ
ǣȻƶ񤣬ֺαֲͲ˸С
ֱֲ󶹻࣬ԷʵأǸã
СͲˣֲʩʡЩׯڵĳƣжջ
ֱ˷ѣ
սԽԽ
Сʱڹ¶ԺԵʣ˷ѡ
µˮƽҪǼȥׯﻹջ٣
̿ЩׯڣҲ
ŭǰ£ôµģׯΪγϸ
һŵ÷ðΣһ˴ŵ˵үˡʵǱְ²
µׯеķޣְֻȽϵеʵǹ˲µ
Դ˴ׯڳʵһ㣬ְҲ޿κΣֻܳ²ߡ
ͷʣµҲ׷׽
˵չƺʲô߼رķϡȻˣչӺβµгԣչа취ЩׯڵĳƣְȻķڷ
սƳһۣЦŴӦˣȻô˵ǱӾȴ֮ˡ
֪ü
Σ
µΣЩϣȫаµׯڣƳϵġ
ȴǵԿ̲סȰЩׯҲ̫ˣǻǰƬׯڵذɡ
սЦžܾˣأͺܺá֮ǰƬׯڵأǹǵѪĳֱ
ֻ̼֣ܴӦˡ
սž˵ڿʼƬµĳӹܣү˽Щµϱǣ˼Ǵˡ
⻰ﲻ˼ڴ
-

354 һ

̲סڴսа취ɣ
ǣЩµ
а취ЩµﳤׯڱϵׯڶҪãǡ
뵽Щȥˡ
ܿȡľ׮еµ˱ǡ
һԿţЩ֮⣬ʣµĶͦЦ
λչһǸӣᶮũ£
ֻǿ˼飬ΪԼˡ
Ⱦָׯ֮£
ӹµ˵Ǽ¡
µ˵ɽĴڣѾ˼Ҳׯ˷˷ϡ
ǵ治ܣôµܲһûУû
ֻ
ڵãµﱻС˹ȥԺֻҪϵеֻҪǰ֣ϵеźˣ׾پܰµȥ
ʱչӹЩµֳǵĲ
ôһ룬Ǿ͸˷ˡ
˱ǺսҪׯĵ軧
Ȼ֣Ҫܾ
˭֪ûǿڣ̾ڴӦǰЩ軧
Σֻȥ֪ͨ軧
ȻҲˣ۶ȥʱôˣԷ˺˵˵
ңҲеĵ軧֪ͨˡ
ׯô󣬵軧ɲȫͲʡ
ǵģսʱǵ鷳
Ϊ˷ֹ˵֪ͨʱ򣬻սһ
ݴģ
ˣһλչӡλչ˵ţˣִҪ˸ء
չҪǣǵȻȥʱСŵǿλĺ˭ҪˣСɾͽˡ
Ե軧ɹȳʱһһСģСûˡ
ҶµúܣֱԽԽ࣬ȫվһ󣬲С̧۾͵͵Ҫչӵ׳ʲôģ
Ϊ˶࣬Щ軧һ𣬾ԼСױ˷֣Ÿ̧ȥ
ǲ֪ǣ̺ս̬ʵһ͵ԻᱻǷ֡
Գ̵ɫǳѿ
Щ軧һսͲˣ޲ðս
սǴ󷽵˴軧Ǳ龯裬⡣
ǰȥ֪ͨʱͲµǲʵ϶ͼӴ׵ظˮ
ں
Ҫûˮôֳܹĺأ
һѹׯﶼܲá
ѧϣֺ֣õĽȫͬ
ȲظˮôЩ軧ڴŸĶࡣ
ô˵ֻҪȡǵǾѾллˡ
ٸһЩŻݣǶͻرм
뵽ս̲סЦؿǰһۡ
ǣ
һ¶±ƣôҲͨսҪЦ
ǸЦʲô˼
Ϊʲôǣ
϶Ǽٵİɣѵӻˣ
˵˸ûǵΥΪֻʵ֪ͨ˵軧
϶
ȻǸСӣʲôͱǸŪȥˡ
һԾµ࣬е
̾ͺܲˣ
һսȻֺݺݵһǰ¡
ԽԽ
һ˹֣ʲôÿģ
أͺˣ
սûвĲΪЦ֮󣬾Ͱ˼Щ軧ϡ
ʵЩµ˭ڸ֣վ
Ȼû˸վ
Щµĵ軧϶Щûϵʵ۸˼ҡ
΢е͵ģȥµ
ΪҲ֪µĳ϶ٵúܡ
οսƬµ϶ûʩܲǵ軧̫Եʡ
мģܲ˶ɣ
еµﶼûʩʣֻʩѹǲҲԵʡ
Կ֪µĵ軧жҡ
֮ǰĿţսһ˾ŵú޲
Ȼ㣬ȴ뱻Ǹˡ
Ժܿ죬Χ˾ͷ׷׳֣˳ȥ
ǣսܿ쿴һȺڵĵ軧
˵Ȼˣֻһͣݳ࣬ʮֲϡ
ϵ·Ѿ˺ܶಹɻвƶ¶ͷĲ
Դ̫-λȫƹ޻ֲ˵ȫ޻޻ĲӦòͲŶԡ
Щ軧ȴ¶ϣ·ȫõĲ
ս㲻ʲôʥĸһĻҲ̲סüͷ
-

355 Ǳ

սﱻƳĿ軧Щµڸ֣
ѾƳԵʣЩȻ£Сص˵ͷ
ֻһֲ̿
ս˵ǣڿʼµԺ󣬶ҵġ
軧һ£ȻӽŲˡ
սּ˵ʣÿ꽻ӣ
⻰һЩǵɫͻȻͱˡ
£¿
ϣµΪ̫ͣÿֻýӣ߳ɶ軧С
е軧ҪϽĳӡ
ϵ軧ҪϽɡ
ЩҪȥģ˲ϣ͵ȥ
˽£ЩµģҪЩТ
˽յĶȻܼ˲ϣҲ֪
ǰֻŰµֵɽ󽻸ͻȻðչȥܣȴ˵£
û뵽ǣչƺ׼Ȼֱ˳
Ҫũ˵˻Щ˽µͱ˳ǡ
һżˣ̲ס͵͵ȥЩũ˵˲˵Ļ
ũԶЩʵˣսĻһ㶣žͳĬŲҿڡ
Ϊβ˵սֻٴʵǵ׽ӣ
һΣƺЩá
ũ󣬸㷲ˡ
ܷ˴ŵӿ˿ڣءش˵Ļǡÿ꽻ӣµӡ
ɡս֣Щȡ
µ͵ýô࣬еϵ
ʵеϵֽ٣
β˻شһ¾Ȳ˵˵ûүƣµﶼǽɵ⣬еĳɣϵɡ
ԭսЦЦƳЩһֿۣ˿ǰũǱ죬ƺ˶⻰ΪϵЦݲЩ
Ȼ涨ǽɣǾɡмøǡ˵µﶼʩʣڿʼظˡֻǸʲôϣʩʸ֣Ƕҵġ
˵ͻȻиʵչӣ˵ģûʲô⡣ֻЩ軧ȫճɻ
ׯڳ⣬һɾͰ׷ˣʱûճɣǵӿɾ͸ˣ˵
սʣڵʲô±ûճɣ
˸ЦһԴǵ˵ְҲǵЩ軧ϾҲһСҪҪǲСĻ˵ׯڣһӿɶûˡ
⻰һЩĵũǣɫȻøѿˣսҲ˼ַ͵⡣
սúЦʵȻˣ˵˵µÿĶĲǶ٣
⻰һһ¾˵չӵĻĲΣÿʱǸʱãһܹջһˮһСˮһĶ߶СһĶո嶷
ս˵üͷͽ
λһ׻12.5⻹ףǵӺǿƤƤܶȿ϶ûأͬ£һȺһӵ϶ǲ12.5ģƾ10ҡ
߶㰴߶㣬Ҳʮ嶷͸ˣʮ
ȻûʩʵԵʣҲ̫ˡ
⻹ʱõʱʱã¾ǿգ
ƸƷҲйϵ
ڵƷ֣ĸ߲Ʒ֣Ȼǲܹȵġ
ս̲סʣϵеأ
⻰һһվ˳ЩԵõ˵ϵеĲȻҪ߳ࡣʱõĻһĶϵջˮʯСһʯ
սһ£һʯһٶʮɵӺСĻ϶ҪСһʯһٶӡ
ˮʯҲٶ
߰˰ٹǧĳӽˮĶʵǵ͵ÿ
ѹ֣Щ軧һȫڣ·ͷĶǲˡ
Ҫ⣬ЩµѹեæµһʳŶ٣
µĶˮСһĲʮ
ǹ˵ģжģҲǱ˽
ʮĶʮĶأҲʮʯɵӣֻʣ¾ʯý˰
ʣµģ¶Լ˳Եġ
ѹ˵ʲôԿʲˣ㿷ޣʳ̫ͣƤƤҪһȥζ֪
սҡͷ˵ȻˣǾͰһʮĶ㣬ǰҵҪ֣˫ǡ
ũһ⻰˲ɵۡ
-

356 ˵

սĻһҲɵۡ
ǹô˵ս鷳ֻҪЩ軧˷֮ģǾͲǻ˵
϶ᵣĲչӵķԸ
һλչ汾£̸ֽеƣɿգҲٵġ
˭룬˾Ȼƣ
ٵķ
Ϊ˭
У֪µжĶ𣿾Ȼֻ˵
µһĶһ갴ʮĶ㣬ǶʮĶһĶǡǶٶţ
ʲô
ᴵţ
һ̲ס˵չӿ֪µܹĶ࣬ɲС
սм˵Ķࣿܶ𣿾һ갴ʮĲ㣬һĶҲŶʮ򶷡
㰴նǮһʯ׵ۣҲǧ˰ӡ㵣ˣӣӻ𡣡
ǣ
軧ǣ
˿̣ڳͻȻᵽʲôԡ
ǳ̲סЦǰȷʵ࣬϶𡣲ţ϶Ҫӡ
֪ģսͲǸԿӡ
Ȼô˵϶аյġ
սһۣζ˵ȻүԸĳĳүʧ
ǰũһľ
սո˵ǷʱǸͲš
˳⻰ͻȻ;ã»ģ
Ƕû飬ҲЩֻ˵ԣóΪү󣬼Ȼô˵ˣôӦòᷴڰɣ
λչӼȻұ֤ǲ˵аգ
Ҳ˵ֻҪǸʩʣǾаհȥ
Ȼǰʱá
ǳ֣Ǿûˡ
뵽ԭĵũǣͻȻô⡣
ҪǣλչƺǮӦòǵɣ
ʱ˼졣
ũﻹ˼ڴ
սһЩţиµĵũֳʮӣÿӣֳַʮСӡ
ЩԼѡ˴ӳСӳ
֮˵ʱ䣬һᰲϺũߣǸʹãֻ谲ĵžͺá
ȵճɵʱ򣬻ᰴղһĳɲӣȥĵ⣬һСӣȥĵ֮⣬⽱һӡ
ũٴɵۣ
ȥ⣿
Զٽһӣ
˵һҪСӵ֣ǡҲ˰
һСӣԼʮˡ
һӣζÿһԷֵʮӣ
æµһҲʮӣ
οȥĵ⣡
ũǸţϻֺ£
һҲųˣȫ̧ͷĿƵؿս
һ־òԣֳ̿˹ȥ֪һеǲġ
ǿǼǵã̵ĵأҪҪ⣬Ȼó˵˲㡣
չȻܴ󷽣Ͼү
ЦЦ˵˼Ǳ˼
һĶµѣһӣҲһǧĶµ
㵱ȥĵ⣬ǲŶ٣
ʮĶ⻹
ȻսôӦΣ
ȻһӦЩǾͳɵ۾
ǶΪ̸Ӧַ˼飬˭֪Ȼ˵չӵ˼˼
չӵʲôˣ
үҲ̫˰ɣ
й²վ˳ү˾װЩ軧˵⣬ϵеĵ軧ָΣ˲Ѷүջس
˵͹˵ϣţҲ׷վ˵ϣµȰ˵ջس
̿ⷬѵıݣɫ˲ȥ
սҪŭ˵Ǻα˽ţ⽱ȻǱ˵ģȥĵ⣬Իǲϣүʧ˸õõĵ⡣
λǵеũҲЧ±ũǽͬȵĽӦò
⻰һǰҪѪ
Ч£
յô
Լƴ֣ǮҲô˰
ǲǵµģƾʲôǰô
Ȼһͷϵı顣
սǲµˡ
ζЦЦλǲԸⰡ
ǹڵϣһ·𶼱Ӹưͣ˭Ҳϳ
ǿһĻǵ񶼱ͬ
-

357 Ĵ

ǲ֪սݣǻ֪ܲ
⣬ǵ⻹ǽĿڴ
飬ڹЩ¡
Ҳǻã˵ׯڳòãǾȻҷµ
ӵǰС˭ãȻƵͷˡ
µɽӸߵ˰ɣ
ã
а취
µʩ˷ʣҲȲЩϵеɣ
ɼ䣬ͻȻ˵սҪĴˡ
ĿǰֻǸһ׳ЧѾ˹
սһȲҪһ¡Ͼģûʲô飬ܲûδ֪
óҲͦܣ;ҵط顣
úܶضûҸطС
ս˴˴󲿷ֵũֻˣǿЧ
Ȼ̫࣬ǳʲôӣòʧ
ľͷģꤵ֧ܣͦ򵥡
ս˿ҪѼͷȻӰס磬ٲϡ
תꤣܰȻתӾͻǰС
صʱ˷ֱꤣһ˷ߣܰѵ
Ȼǳ飬ս֪ԭһξͳɹˡ
صũǸµģͬʱҲӵĴӳ
֮ǰǾ˵չҪ˸أֺ¡
˴ܵЧǲŷ֣Ͳ
˵λչӵȷҪ˸أʮʡΪģֱҪʡµö࣡
ֻҪתꤣһ˷У
˵תҲҪǱֱߣѾʡ̫࣡
οţأҲһǰţһ˷磬ʱţƢˣϸɻ
ֲҺݴǴˣǿⲻ
ܾͲһˣľͷӣֲź򣬻Ǳȸţã
ũһǾȻĳɹˣҲûͦɣ׷׼ˣ޲ֲ
ǰ¶һ۾ӣǾͲõĵ󴺸ˣ
̺ǣҲȵؿǴܡ
ӿۣͦȴǸǴĴţ
ԭػôɣ
ţͿӣɰѵظˣ
̲ס˵ܣԺǿԲøţˣ
սȻУҪι̶ʹõʱǲţ㣬ԸţҪ
̶ܱڵϲãȻܲס
ҸصʱҪƶλãţֱ߾С
ȱݣûиţʱȴǷǳõƷ
ʹõľͷҪرõľϣֻҪʵС
ֻҪر˼ң𡣼ģԼһǮͬʹá
ͨ軧ţģеصСũҲţ
ǴⶫͨСũġ
ⶫȻţ㣬Ƕںܶ軧ũ˵Ǹ
Ҫ֪ܶСũţҪôֻȥﻨ߼裬ҪôֻԼóͷأЧʵ͵ÿ
һЩСũҲΪ˸ţȥܵѹӺù
Ƕũ²̫ĳ̣Ҳܿܵļֵ
ؿս۾·ȼŻ棬Ŀ̵÷·Ҫڻսεļ
սúܲڣ̲סˮ粻УͷҪĽһ£̫ǳˡ
ǳ磬̫ǳζŲܰ²ȽϳЧޡ
ׯں󣬱ķģֵĻҪһΣ²ܱ֤ķ
ֻǳЧ̫ˣϷֲУѹʳ̫ˡ
սҡͷһ
ȻҪȻãܲܰװ˷ôƬء
Ľͷ̲ؿսһۣô˵֪θģ
⻰һս;ã˶˹
룬ûƱֻ˵ĳҲǺȷֻԣù硣
磿̶ũ²óɵ֣Ͳ˳˵磿
ս͵ڵ緭̫ǳֻǳ硣ʹ磬صȻö࣬²
ԭˣǻȥùܲ˵ִȥЩľӹƴܣѵض
ѾʶܵĺôȻᷴԡ
-

358 㾡

̵˶˷ܲѡ
Щ軧
ʵϣǱ˭µ˴
ϾЩ軧ǿճɻģһ󣬽ճɾҪ١
ʮֵģ»ơ
˭֪λչӣ£Ȼó˴ĺö
ܣǾͲõĸţ󴺸ˣ
Ȼеȫһ
Щ軧ݣûʸ˵Ǹ߸ϵĴڡ
ƽͷĴԣֻ֪Ű裬ɱ顣ƽѹǵʱҲΪ˼ҷ
ڣǲȻ֣λеȫͬ
ûͷۣҲûûûѪ˸Ρ
λչӣӦչŵǵĽ
ڣ˸ƴܣʹã
չӣǹ˵£
Ǳƭˣ
Щ˲¹ͷĹƭǣ
軧뵽Щµʱͱò
սһĻ䴽ǡ
֪Щ軧ѹˣھ㲻ҲеӷЩ¡
ûϵ
·ҪһߣҲҪһ
οҪģֲЩ軧ķ
ҪЩ£ֻҪһ仰ˡ
ڲô
ҪķڷС
ûЩ£ֳܹĺأ
»û꣬ưɡȻڳҲӦׯ˭Ҳռıˣ
˸ƴܺս뿪
ȻЩ죬Ƕ˵ׯʵûʲôÿģܿʹӦˣսһ뿪ׯ
ֻ뿪ûãͷսȥķ򲢲ǻسǵķ򣬲Щ⣺ҪȥĶ
սȻ˵ĸһǧĶùܼҰæ˲٣һĶûȥ˳ȥүҪȥ𣿡
һȻҪһȥ
սׯֻһĶģҪȳ̵СࡣׯǸģûЩ˵Ĺ¡
Ψһǣеﶼţûüֶ
軧ֳɵġ
սûǣֻǲ鿴еȻ͸һȥˡ
ȥ·ϣ̺ôûЩ軧
սȴ˵ΪҪǣЩҲ֡
Դ󾪣ȥô˭֣
һĶȻʮĶûȣҲСĿˡ
ôҲû뵽սȻȥ
սȴмƻ
Щ㽨һũׯʲôô֣ȫ˵㣬滹Ữֳ
ǵ֣޷֤еĵ軧˼
ȥǴˡ
ʵ׼ֵأүΪΣ
ˣüͷ̾˿㡣
һĶѣϡսô֣ͺá
ĬƬ̣ׯЩ£￪ʼ
صͰѹܼҽһ١
սͲµŻ𣬲ûмŻغԺȥ
˵ʱڳ
ţҲûֱ˹ܼң촦Щ£˹ʱ˵Щµȷûڻʱ⣬үѡµʱ򣬲óũµϱѡ
ΪΣ̲⣬ǰūʬλزͣ£кã
үѵˣҸǵıԣսЦЦЩ¹ׯÿѹ軧ʱ򣬶ǴүšүֱӴǣµˣڵµĵ軧˵к𣿡
ǣǻ£һֻ뿳ǰū
ʱһˡս˵ȻȺʬλز͵Ķ쵹˵һ仰˲ѶүҿűǣҪ˶ãЩѹĵ軧ͻԽ
˶٣ֲȻ˿ھ׼ϣԵ軧ݰŹȥ
ǴЩ軧ͷ̽һЩ¶ʲô£˳Щ軧ԹµĲ
ȵʱ죬ٰ˾ٱЩµΪү˳飬ǰ»
֮ǰȥЩϱ䵱ӵĴӳȻٰһ¹ȥʱЩ軧ȻãүΪ
̾ȵؿ̲סʿˮЩģ
ոձùѪͷĹܼңͬ𾪵ؿս
ôҲû뵽սȻ⣡
-

359 ڿ

̺͹ܼҶˡ
սȴ룬˵Ҫ˵ĻЦеȥ˺Ժ
·鷿ʼͼ
ǰȥӲԼһĶƬصԺš
ֽ̿ëʿʼͼ
ȰƬص˳
Ȼ﹡
ֽ֮ϾͳһƬصԭò
͸ÿǣƬظθ֡
ǿ϶Ҫֵģд󶹡
ⶫʺʵأԸһʺϹŴַϲ
⣬Ҫũׯֲ⣬ֳҲˡ
Ѽ첻ץ棬йﻹŽƷϣĵ⣬ǲʳ
⣬ϵëҲдô
ëëӣëëʣѼ޶ޣ޷ޱ
˼Ѽ죬ţ
һĶﲢ࣬Уţˣֲǲݳû
ֻҪ㹻㹻֬͸͡
սһũĽṹһ߷ĵЩµ顣
֮ǰΪʲôڲЩ£ԼĽ飬û˵ꡣ
ڵݣȷֱӳЩ¡
ô
һŮװȥģǳµıʿݡ
ֱӷЩ£ͷĵ軧ֻΪȨı˽켺Щ²
Щ軧ȫĲһСֵض꣬һ׹еľ顣
ǿбǰҪϲ˵ﶨȻ쳣
ٰЩ³ȫȨׯ
Щ軧в֮£ԹĻǶԹµĳת޵ͷϡ
˵Ĺйһγɣĵͻѡ˵ı˽飬᱾ܵԼѣѴ̵ͷϡ
һʼǿȨѹˣ֤ǶԵģЩѾĵ軧жܹ׸ı̬ȣм㣿
еĴֻԹһʼûа˵ᣬǴʧ
ֲɵҪֳֺõ£
ֻøµϵеﻹǰµĸ
ֵôũ棬ŵ⳥ͽ͡
Щϵеĵ軧ˣûκ뷨
Ǿ㲻Ҳֻ᲻ǰѹեǵĹ¡
ƫƫֵǵ棬󷽵ͬŵЩ͡
ЩũˣȻ̸ֳᷢеȫͬ
ѹեũĿ϶ǳ̵šڵũǷֳ̲Ϊǰ㣬Ȼỳǰ¡
ȵպµׯڳԽԽãЩϵеĵ軧λס
ʱֻɢϢ˵ҪׯЩŲϣֻµ
Щũ֪ˣȻǰԽ
ʱٰѹǻũ֪ͳΪȻķڷԹҪ˵ɾ
ֻҪһЩʱ䣬ܹЩũԹֶΪأ
ѹǵ˱Щ£ΪҪһ٣ѳԼ
ս뵽عǣֽϵͼȴḻ
˭֪ʱ鷿ͻȻ˴򿪣̴˽
ʲôһ˵Żһ˹ر𲻼սߣ̿Ļֽףǡ
̿Żϵ̲סʵ㻭ƬȻׯҲȥЩʲô㻭
սεƳһۣүУ
װûʵļƻѼ죬æù𣿻Щͮͮʲô
սûشЩ͹ʵ˵İԱֽү׼ˣ
̳Ĭһ˲˵ĸ֣׼
ʵһ鰲ȥ󣬾ûˡ
飬õһֱţ
ҲͲڽеһ
սһĸ֣ͲµǺ˵ͻȻ뵽һݱֽϣһƪ£δ̫Щ
ԣүдһƪ£֮ǰƪһسȥ˵֪ʿ͸¶үׯϵĸţͻ޷µĵ˴˸أ˵ũ
һ㶣ձ뵽ʲô⣿
սĿƳһۣүǹ⣿
̴˸飬ϽȵϲĹ⡣Σ˭
սЦүãԱֽһȥЩԹٿĻΣ
⻰붮ˣȥд£Աֽȥ
-

360 ̫ȱ

˵£ЩȲˡ
Ѿµս˼
ƪ¿ìͷׯ£ׯģĿȻ
ԱֽȻԼҵģȻĳ
һỵһİìͷ׼ǲ˱챨ֽˣ˻ɣ
ֻдׯ¡
ȵֽȥЩͿ˳۵Թٶû²ϣׯ²
ʱٰѴóضܹݺݴǰ˵
ձȻǸĺڵġտЩ»ָЩԹڿӡ
ԣнң
һűֽϿƪ£һƪǳģһƪȴڼ޽ܡ
Ǹʿˣأ
̫ȱˡ
ϲ
ȻȢ˸Ȼôⶼó
ȲѰԱֽȥ׼ھȥд¡
սٴ˵Աֽ˳ֵ̫硣״Ԫ¥ֽĵڶ죬ɡ
룬ܿµԭ򣬾͵˵ͷУġ
˵ۡ͢ⱨֽϾۡͬ
һݱֽȻó״Ԫ¥ܲáҡİԱֽȡ
̺ܿȥˡ
ߺûãɰˡ
ˣŰõıֽ壬ս顣
ʱûеԣûֱڵŰ棬ݳ壬ȫдġ
սϸ˿⣬Ͷɰ˵ͺãԿӡˡ
ǽӰӡȥ
ʱͳһЩȲ˵Ŀ˿ȿֽʱ䡣
гУÿһЩ˵ʱһ±ֽ
ɰһĥ̲סЦУūȥš
֪ôˡ
ڳеܲΪѾ㿪ֵˡ
ȥֽ˿϶٣ٶȰѱֽȥ
ȻûпǸӣǸˡ
ɰų壬ܿȥ״Ԫ¥֪ͨӡˢ
һϣ¥Ժӡˢ䳹ҹߣսӡˢѾĽ¶Űõְ棬ֽŷм䣬һѹӡˢ棬ʮַ㡣
ⱨֻֽһţҲٺܶ࣬ӡˢҪװ
ŰúֻҪͣӡˢٰӡˢõıֽīˡ
һϼӰӵظϹӡˢʮݱֽ
ʵǻӡˢֻ࣬ⱨֽ³ģ˭Ҳʱܹ٣ӡˢ̫˷ѣӡˢʮźܹ¾ͽͣ
սҪһͷݱֽиһݹȥʣµʱ¥
ͬʱ˻Ʒ¥ͷ˴Զܿ
ǵǴϳţȥԿʱ򣬸յ˲ͣС˵͹Ҫֽ
״Ԫ¥³ıֽͷ˴˴εĻԪѡµġǡأ
͹һݵĻȲ͵ʱÿԿ껹ȥͶƱأ
ꤵʳ⻰£ͶƱʲô
Сɿ˵Ͷ˭ǻԪͦ˼ģ˱ֽ֪ˡһҪȥأɲҸ˵̫ࡣ
ʳ;͵˵ͷУһݱֽ
Сһ̴ϵıȡһݱֽҪıֽ͹úˣǮ
ʳԣȲѣȻǮôʵݣ
鱾֮ֽȻû˵ǸйأǼ۸Ͳ̫˭֪ȻֻҪǮ
С˵ͷɲⱨֽ״Ԫ¥³ģ˵ϣܹø˿Ķ󡣡
Ҳⱨֽòͷأ
ƹĶ˼ۣɲ
һݱֽɵģʮݾܾ׬һǮ
ҪһٷݣǾʮǮ
ãÿģһݱֽǮֲ
οͷµġǡأ
Ը˿϶࣡
ֻҪԽ࣬׬ҲԽࡣ˭Ǯأ
Сȥ˲ˣȻȥǰͷкˣֽ
ͬʱеĳҲڷ
һˣ׬ľǮ
ֻҪʮݱֽܾ׬һǮɱܳ׶ˡ
ݻһ϶ܹ׬һЩ
ȿ˵ʱǻ˳ߺȼֽˡ
ЩֲھǸߺȣܿȫ̵˶֪״Ԫ¥ƳһбֽĶ
Ҫǣ״Ԫ¥˸ͶƱôѡ˭пܳΪԪˣ
˵ͶƱ
ʣ
ǰֻ˽ۣھȻͶƱˣ
-

361 ֽǮ

ڽУεĻԪѡǾţ
˳ǲǶ֪ͶƱ¡
ҶͦʣôһЩû¸ϲֵģȥ״Ԫ¥ͶƱ
ǵ竣ǴСŽܵĴͶԽʮֲ
һͶƱͶƱṫ󣬾ͰȥֽͶ
ǶⲻǮģһݱֽǮǮѹͲ
һҳȥٷݱֽ
ûã״Ԫ¥ܹ¾ͷֽ֣ˣ
ʮݱֽѹͲģ
ܹ¸æץӡˢ
ڶŰõģӡˢٶͦ졣
ͬʱͶƱҲڲͣű仯
Ϊ˷㣬ͶƱ÷۱дںڰϵģ۱ʲʲôϡ÷òʱ򣬾ַ۱ʻߡ
ֻǸһ״ˡ
Ǻڰͦ˼ľͷĨһᣬ÷۱д֣дʪһͱøɸɾ
ͶƱҪͣģ÷۱дر𷽱㡣
˭һ۾ܿ
ˣӻǻʲô״ͼ˭Ʊ࣬Ӿ͸ߡ
ֱһĿȻ
˿֮󣬾ʹҪͶƱ
ǲ̫ܵ࣬ƫƫֲǮܺܿ͵˵ס
Ϣܿ촫˽˶ǵһѡ
ûãͶƱ
ģרŹעͶƱ
ţһֵƱжٴοʼ
һʼòʲôǮһ㶼֪ۡģ˲ٽȥ
ֱһ˲ͻȻԼȻ˲Ǯͷľѡ
ͬľĻܹ¡
ôҲû뵽һͶƱȻ׬ǧӣ
⻹ǱֽӡˢԵʣȻ׬࣡
ҲףĻѵáһΣǳװѽһɵ˸ˡ
ɰȥսӣͶƱ̫ˣǱߡǲưոݡ
֪ΪͶƱ˲Ǯȥ
սȴǵúܣ޷־ְɡ
Ȼڶ糯״Ԫ¥ͶƱ¾ͱˡ
Ȼ̲ˡ
ֽϵֲɣͶƱҲǹƾԸ
˾ýܲʸΪԪͶѵ״Ԫ¥ŲͶ
ʲô
ʹΪӣԸ㿪·ðٹԡ⽭ܲѧΣƾС
״Ԫ¥ͶƱѡеĻԪѡкβɣ
ѲֻͶܣ˶ûʸΪԪô
⻰̫ģ˸ҷ
ҲվڳߣֹͶƱ
ǣϵֻؿ״Ԫ¥ö֮ؼͶƱͶƱϣƵǲòǮ
ǽүӷ˻˲ټǮǲŲòͣ֡
ȻؿŽܵƱܿ챻˳յס
ڣǲǮƺҲٵԩͷ
ԽܵƱѹͺ˵ƱҲû
ȻͶƱѾԽԽ١
ʱһΪǰԡıֽͻȻճ
ӶˣھǸݾ¥
˺棬һݡ
֮Ǻܿ췢ͷŵ
״Ԫ¥ų˸ձͷƪ£ʮλܳΪԪĿҸ˸ͶƱ
ͶƱ״Ԫ¥š
ڣ⡶ǰԡȻѡձйʮλһأ
ң⡶ǰԡȻԽܼΪãʣµľλУΨнܣȫǿޣ
ˣ⡶ǰԡϣȻ˵ׯĸţͻȻ˼޷ءΨֵ󴺸Ҫ
⡭
˭ôĵӣȻҪ˰ǣ
ΪֽھǸϢܿ촫˿
ǰʧܵʷһϢܱʼ飬̣
ǰĽ֪Ҳ˷ܲѡ
Ƕ״Ԫ¥ǸͶƱǳڹԽңԼĳ±˽Ҵţ
³֤ݣʷд굯ۺ󣬾ֱӴšǰԡȥۡ
ۿ֮ɫȻۿɼ
ȻʧǣδֱӷǻȥžҪ
ʷз߿ѣȴûҵؼƻţ糯ٵٹٵ浯
ʱ򣬵䣬Ͳۻܼӣ
ʷĦȭƣ˯ʱ򣬶ε˵̵һĻ
ʱܿ쵽˵ڶ糯ͼƻõʷǣܿ췢ѡ
һƪƪ۷·Ѫ²ϣ
̲ס̿ȥ
-

362 £ϲ

˶Ϊ̻ᵱŭ
˭֪ȻֻЦһվ˵ʣׯĸţȷͻȻ˼޷
˵䶼𾪵ؿ
αȻûз
ͷһ⣡
ڣѵҪʷָأ
ɣѵӻˣ
վʷˡ
֮˰ϲȴġ
ԲǸƲ磬ӣʵ϶ʲôı
һֱĽѲ˳ߵذų˵ţ˼Ȼֻ磬Ҫ˴
ׯô軧ѵǵܱȴҪ㵱ˣҲʲôϵ
ʷ֪ǸϲģȻ
Ƕìͷ׼˳̡
һʷȲվ˳ų˸ţ֮£ô֪֪һ£
ƳһۣٴγˣȻ֪£ǱҪġ
һ⻰ٴ𾪵ؿų̡
ôҲû뵽Űôôʵˣ
ȻԼˣ
飬ȫƸµĹ£˵Լ֪ΪҪԼϣѵ֪һȥø⣿
վʷȴһ۾͸ŵѪζһ㣬ȴٽȡ
Լˣôٳ谮Ҳû취ȥ
Ǻܿʷʹļ׵˵ǣ軧Ǳ࣬ԶԶϸţ֮磬Ҫ˻
⻰һ۵ɫ͸ˡ
Щʷ룬̵£ûٰӣ
˭֪⻰󣬾ȻЦ
ʷ󣬷׷öַ
ȥʵЦʲô
϶׽ĳƺϽˡ
̵û⣬Ц˵ʣֻû뵽λʷȻ޲ɼʶ̲סЦ
⻰һٴλȻ
Ѷ𾪵ؿų̣öûˡ
͵͵䵽ߣС˵磬˵䡣
ûɫ
ʷ߷صų̣·˼衣
Ҳˣֻܾص˳һۣ˵֮ϣݵúԣ
ȴ˵ʣǺ֮Ծüλʷ޲ɼţܵ󣬼λʷȴ벻ָֻ֮
˵˶٣ֶǼʷ˵ȻλʷñǱҪʣڸţֲܵ£ǲ磬ָΣ
Ǽλܹõİ취ضλǸǼλ벻ǡ
˵Цһв˼ʮԡ
ʷŵòҰɫ
ʷְǼٹٺͻңڸνص⣬ɲǵְڡ
ôأ
ڹǣ
˵֮󣬾һֱǣ벻ٴЦλȻ޲ɼ벻׵İ취
⻰۶ص⼸ʷһۡ
һȺûõķ
Լ벻÷ӣӣ
ֻ뵽磬Ѿ˳ȥ۵ɫֱ쳣ѿ
е֮٣һȥȴȻ١
̾ϢһƵǹͷϡ
뻹ûڣһʷͷţ޷أǻƥӣΪһҪ磿
⻰ɫٴѿ
˶ǶӲˣ
˭֪̾Ȼ˵ͷ˵ûƥӵȷ磬˸õİ취
̲סʵʲô취
̾ͼ˵һΪܵĶľͷܴ죬Ҵʮּ򵥣Ҳȫƹ㡣
ܣ˾Ϳ磬ʡȥֻҪʹõõһ״ܾʹ֮á
ţƶ֮ңҲɼ֮ôһ״ܣء
˲ĺö
Դǵ˵ȻУƭʣǲţȥׯ鿴Ѿ˸˲ٴܳôء
һ˹ȥ鿴
ʱɳȥ˾ϲʤطɱ˻
£ϲ
-

363 ڹ

һϲ֣֪ܵ¿϶ġ
˵ϸ˵ǿ˴ܣ
ȥ˾ǹԪһԼëԼȥġ
˳̵ׯۿ˵ũʹôܸص龰
һʣȲ˵ˣдܣ
ꤵľӣ﹡Ϻ󣬾Ϳߡ
˾ܲţѷɫ
򵥣ֻҪʵľͷ
ԳΪȫƹ㣬Աʵ¡
⻰ȴʶ̣ܣר
Դǵ˵ʣ֮°նϣԸ⽫ר׳°նٽרʹ÷ѡ
⻰ص˵ͷܺá
˸ƨǸʽ̵úá
۶ʱ⡣
ٿǷݰԱֽʱɫѸ
ǰ״Ԫ¥ƳˡձͶƱŹȥһ죬νġǰԡͺճ˽ܣԼׯиţһ¡
˵¸޹أ治ţһδظôҵЩˣܻԸΪҳͷ
뵽ɫԽ
뵽𽻹Ŷӣ
ĶҪڲǶҵʱ
ôţﻹǷǳ
ŭ֮࣬˸ڣ̫һ١
޹̫ӲҷֻܹԹˡ
ֻǻȥ֮ĸȥ⡶ǰԡô¡
ǳÿ죬ǰԡǸС鷻ӡģ鷻Ǹӣһȥ¹Ժ飬ʮ־ѧͽܡ
ձͶƱķǳ־ñֽ׬ǮӡˢˡǰԡĴ
Ľң̫Ҳ̫𷣣ֻ˾һʹա
ȴ֪Ϊδ˳ȥܿ쾩˶֪ǰԡĶΪĽҲŰⱨֽ
Ϣһɰѽ˶ĵùǺ
ƫƫǻöʲô
˼ĽǲðɱͷΣôҪǶ˳֣Ժôǣ
ĵǣΪǰԡܣɵӰرӡ
»ȻҲ׷׳˿ֱֽ
ձп͹ۣ֮󲢲˷С
ɡǰԡͲһˣͷ˶Խȫ⣬ᵽʱȫУûû
˿룿
ΪⱨֽͷѾд˵ǽģ
Ǽֱԩˣ
ܽ룬֮ںڹǿͷժˡ
ǰԡҲŽɶ磬˳ȵ𣬶ÿ춼°ԡ
ձͬ룬ʱʱػǰԡ̨Ǹˡ
ڡǰԡׯҪĵ죬ձ͵һƪ£ܡ
ֽ˴ܵͼֽ˵Ѿר˳˭֧רѣ
Ϊƪ£ձٴ
ȻɻԽδԾɾۼϵرѧӡ
Щѧһ۾Ϳ˴ܵĺôǷ׷ңһ˾ʮݱֽͻؼ硣
ҲԵʣ¡ձٴ
ձϻռĹ棬Ҳɶ磬¡
ϧ·Ҫʱ䣬桶ձȫصʱضд˿ֽĺô׷˰챨ֽ
Щսܹµ⡣
ûߵĹŴֽǷǳõߡ
ֻҪƵúãڱס
ҹŴִô鷳бֽд͢⽵
˳̺󣬾Ͳٹעֽ£ǰ˼˲ͷ
Ϊرɽ޽ĲҤ깤ˣ
Ҥһ깤ͿƲˡ
ղ£սȥ
˳ӣΪճˡ
ɼж
ˣѾȥ˽µʱ䡣
Ҳӵʱҩʯ޾ȣ
ս˵Դӹ֮ƻָԽԽã޽еҤܣ޲סǶˣ
ô죬Ҥ깤ɰ˷ܻˡ
Ҥ깤ʱܵսͷлľ֮ͬʱʾһ¡
սһֱڵ죬һԸٵȥ
Ҥ֮Ͱ׼õķӽᣬҤ
Ȼῴóķӣ˶ɵġ
ɰӾճ
治ڶ
-

364 Ǵģ

Ͳսó䷽ġ
ҪɰճЩŬǳЦ
ΪˮѼҵܹˣȴʵɰӾܰճ
᲻š
սľˣǸ߸ϵ
ɣҲ˵
Ķ˶ץ䷽ڵ˵ӷģһ߾ܣΪճ
ս䷽żȻãȷ˼֪϶кܶʡһϣܹЩ˼䷽
ȷ˻ɣսô˵󣬻Щҵ˼֣ص˵
սڵϣЩϰߣ˵ȥɣҪʱ䣬ܿн
ȥҤȡճиˡ
˵˳ȥֱرɽµҤȥ
Ȼսķӣʼ
սյģǺΪĹβ˵ɰճģʵϣõĲͨɰӣʯӢɰ
ʯӢɰʯʯʯΪԭϣ͡ڡȻټӹΣ󾭹˻𣬾ͿԵõָĲƷ
ѣѵǸοƷʡ
ΪһƲãͻݣյĳƷƯ
ҲкеĽɷֲͬҲᵼճɫһ
Щ⣬Ʋʱ򶼻ֻ֣ܲ취
սỹǱȽġ
Ȼ̣˲ˮ񣬿ôеģţӦҪ˶þܰѲճ
սôţ׼ȴĺϢ
˭֪ϢûȵȰѳ̸˻
Ѿӵܱ֪ҤѾɣ֮ǰսȻӻ
ЩģȲ˻һսʵ˵ҤѾɡãܹճ
Ǹ䷽û
һ뵽Ǹֵ䷽ûʲôġ
Щԭϸʵǲ̫ˣճ
Ҫʧˣ֪µЩ󳼻֪ôЦء
Щֻ룬ɲҵս˵
սˣֲҲǻ㣬ǾǸ᲻ܹµӡ
ûǣǸᱻ˽ӣΪճԼը
ս֣žС
£̾Щ
ʲô
սԳ־ˣ
Ǳˣ
սųǲϱ仯ɫһ
ø̷ϻɴװү赣ģԤУһܹճ
̣
ɣûԤС
սţЦ˵үǲţǴģ
⻰˲˸顣
֪սӵģô˵϶аգ
֮ǰǰôսƵģûǣ
뵽Щ£̾Ͳ֮ǰսᵽķϣ̲סʵҼǵ֮ǰ˵ҪЩũķϣϡô죿
սȴ˿š
ŰѿռĲȫһ飬ҵ˲ٺöоͰʵ䷽
ˮţһٽƶһʯʮܷ25·죬ˮʩãЧڰˮ
ˮܷʹãЧֺܲȫõĻᵢεĴ
ׯ󣬾ƽŽһǿء
Ұҵ䷽ǣǰ䷽ʡ
ʱ䣬һˮѾҪŽƳ죬ʹˡ
ˮ֮⣬ʵ䷽
泥һٽʯʮټʮˮϽȺܷʮ죬ͿʩʣҷЧ൱李
ϷʣǽƷɸٰٽƶҶĵٽȺ󣬶ѳԲ׶Σ׺ϡܣٶѷ죬ʹãҷЧ롣
Ʊһ׷ʣֽ׿ȡֱΪ׷ʹáɸϷʺЧȻ롣
֮⣬أףõʱҲࡣ
ԭֻҪƣľҺˮУֻҪֱ𽫹ƺͲľңնıˮܽ⣬ù˺ԻϣͿɺصĴҺЧزࡣ
׸Ϸʣֱöͷĥɷ۾СֹͷҪͦʱЧе൱ִõĻͷʡ
ս뵽˴ǡ
-

365 ǳһ

սЦеؿų̣ϵ£ү赣ģѾȥ׼ˣֻҪһЩʱ䡣
֪Ǽʣͦ򵥡
Ψһⷴԭϡ
֪˷ϵãŽƷⷽҲʮֿأԲŻԶ򿪣ָķϡ
ȻһЩЩҲܹǶԷж࿴ء
ԭϵռЩ鷳
ΪҪŽƷϣҲҪ
֮ǰȥׯΪ÷ϵôﵽЧ棬ѷȫϵеԸֳķϣµʩʡ
ׯҲŽƷϡ
Ǵ˭ҲԸԼҵķóȥ
սŽֻ֣˲ٹ򣬲ռһԭϣսķӣһķϡ
ҪԭϣûʱռС
սҲ̫ġ
̵ׯ˲ţôĵ軧ԭ϶ֳɵġ
ֻҪһϵЧҪս˵Щº͵軧ҲҪķϣṩķƷʡ
Щӣû˽
ҪʱĶʵ̫ˣҪȫʳЩϷӾͲ˽ء
ЩʹõԭҲ򵥣ֻҪ䷽ȥԼ
սֱӹʵ䷽
ӿѧʩʷ䷽һ𹫲ȥ
һЧŻá
սĻ֪Ѿ˴㡣
ԥһ£ûмȥ
սѾӹЩµѾ˽ȥ
ÿ춼㱨ׯ
ֻҪսʩʣ֪ܿ
ǲ֪ս֮ǰᵽķϣЧΡ
һְ°ȥ뵽һҪ¡
һ˵ʵмҪ㡣
ûΪ²ŻģŲΪʲôӣ
͵͵һսƺûʲôȤͼ˵㻹ǵЩˮ𣿡
ս⻰Ȼġ
̣үλ˵ˮ£
û̲ͦţӷЩʾˮЧʮֲѾŹȥ˱߹أˮҤˮ࣬޲ǽ
˵˶٣սһֱּ˵ʱ䣬߹ӦѾʼ޲ǽֻҪ޲ãߵߵʱ򣬶ǳһ
û˵ǣ䣬һֱ´ѩ֪˶ţ
ЩûгԵģΪѩԵʣû½ӡ
ůͣѩʼڻҪ˶ãЩһֱڼеͻߵߡ
ʱ򣬿ֻһս
Ȼǲ£һ̣ͻвС
ܹߵ֮ǰ޲óǽǾܹʧͣݺݽѵǰ壡
սϾŮӣͲЩ˵
˵սǲ˳
һ뵽ս;ʧ̲סʵߵߣҪΪûʳȻˣΪβڱ߹ؿͨУ
ҡҡͷ̫ˣЩ׺̰ϲӡ㿪ͨУвͻӣܸЩ̹ᣬ˽ܱͭǣ
սһ̶֪ЩǷǳ
Ҳ⣬һֱڱس󣬾ʶߵ߽ӣȻЩûкøС
Ǿãսʧ̫󣬵òʧ
˿ڲǧ򣬿˵ǵعϡ
Ժܶضǻţû˸֡
һֻ̣
ڵҽֶΣսȻʮֿ¡
ܶ˲սϱɱΪ˿ڸȾʹ
˿һʧô㷢չ
̫࣬ҪܹȥҪսֶΪ
룬˵ǵЩ˽¹ڵļ̣˽ͭβһó˾רŸó
һ㶣ó˾
սͷҾãһó˾Ҫ⣬͵ȵó˾ǼǡǲǼǵģȫΪ˽ץϼӳʹ
⣬ó׵ʱҲֱó˾ǢȿҪٻ鶩
ȻٽɸЩǼǹ̻׼ó˾֮ͳһ壬һֽǮһֽ
⻰˳˼
͢ҲУսְ취ƺδ
ǰĻУṩ̻һУɽס
ְ취ǽеĶͳһó˾нףֱ̻Ӹ彻ס
ƺ
-

366 ͷ

ԽԽãսܲ
͢һֱԸУһǵԼֱӽӣ˫ԹѾãԸǰ塣
һһ̼Уˮ㡣
ǲֱ̻ӽӴǸӡ
еĽȫó˾ǳܹ͢õؿЩףص˳û
ս˽ȥͼ˵ȻɺޣһûʳȻƸ۵½ӡ
ǶҪ½ӣ͵šһܹռˡ
ֻǸŽᣬҼеĲͳޡ
ˣβһЩͷ˵Χʱһһ·Ųƴ
ûʳȻҪƴ¡񼢶ȺΪ˻Ҳðɽӡ
ҪӸһ⣬Լͻ
Ҳ룬βУһЩҪʳΰ͸ҶҲҪǵƥţ
һǷͨ׾ܹɻøãжԸƴ£
˵ս˶٣ЦЩҲԭգǲҲʧ⻨ŽصĽ彭ɽ֮У
ɼ׺ҰҲڽʳеʱ򣬲иɻȻˣβһЩͷ
ʵϾ֪ɲһζӡ
֮ŴʧܣΪͼб˽ң̰̫
ֲɵӣǷԼܵ۸Ȼŭѡӡ
ս˵ֻó˾̫ǻҪб˽ңԾΣϸá
ңĽףҲѹ̫ܵǳͷǲԸóȥ
һ⻰ս˼
޵ҲЩ̰һ뵽ǣɫͱø
˵ûµȷҪϸãһ
˵̲꣬סսһۣߵǰ
սؿү˵ʲô
Ȼû˵꣬ͻȻֽסձȻǱı
սûзô˸
ͻӵܲڣԥһ£̲ס
ͻȻһʹȶˡ
ôҲû뵽սȻͻȻ֣𾪹󣬽žͷܲԾ
Щңֱ׳ûս
˭֪ؿͻȻ޴ǰһսѾʧԭأ
ʶתͿսѾ˳ȥ
ƵҧҧʶҪ׷ȥͻȻ뵽ʲô͵ͣ
׷ȥĻҪǱ˿ʲôǶˣ
뵽ֻƵȥ䡣
õϵ鷳ȥսˡȻ뵽ս֮ǰ˵Ƿԥһ˲ǾҪ
ȥǰԺĸó˾¡
һ飬ʱͲ֪عȥˡ
ó˾ȻԹѾãҪͨУض׵顣
ǱϸãźþҪҪͨе¡
һ޳ɣ˷ԡ
޳ɵˣÿͨкܹһЩʳΰͻƥǼ¡
ţΣƥȴ֮ء
ȻҲЩֲɵӣ׽սǣ
ԵǾô˾̫ðգĳзԵ̫࣬Ҫᱻ˿Ϲñӡ
һֱ۵춼ˣҲûֳ

ͬʱرɽµҤȼա
ҤľӨ״۾ɵԽԽԲ
չεΪܹ洫ļҵ
ϧֱҲûճΪͻıը㶪С
ʱЩӨĽ״һ۾ϳۻ
ȵЩȴ֮󣬾ͻϤӡ
𾪼ˡ
ֻһЩɰӺʯͷȼ֮󣬾Ȼˮȼպһ
ûƭ
ɰӺʯͷĿճ
̫ˣȻһֱˮ
֪ˮļ۸Ȼʯ˺ܶ࣬Ǳɰʮְ
˵õĻƷϳ˵ˮ񣬼۸񼸺ˮͷߵģ
ԽԽڣֻ޲ûصȥѵǸӱ¿ߵԼ
ԽԽӳϿ¡
ϽԸ죬ڰŵģ
˵꣬Լȶ֣Щ̵׼õģ
Ϊǵһ׼ģӲ࣬ȫƽģӡ
طȣѾȵǺȴգ۾
뵽սķӣֻͷȡ
-

367 ˣǰɣ

߹أ±˲٣ѩȴδꡣ
㺮˭ڱ˯
ȴòӱưʼɻ
̫䣬ӿ϶ùǰѩ·û¡
ߣѩڻЩûܻܿߵߣɵӡ
Ǳ֮ǰ޲ĳǽ
ǽѾ˲֪ãҲǿáͷһֱϲǮֻԼҶ޲
ΪҲһ˭֪ͷȻʲôˮ࣬޲ǽ
˵µʱһʼͦˣͷ㻹ǵǡ
Ȼõνˮ֮˵Ķȥ
ˮ࿴ž͸ƵģҲſſģ޲ǽ
ˣǰɣ
ſſɶã
غ䣬Ѿεó˶Ƥѡ紵ϵʱ򣬾͸ڹһ
ڴ˶ãϾͻᱻ紵û֪Ȼζܰ˸Ʒ衣
ˣЩҲǱһӵ
ǣǱûԱڻҪżưӶźɻ
ǵԸ޲ǽʲôˮ͸Ƶģֱڹˣǣ
ֵǣȻƭ˵ֱĨǽϾУ
ɵô
Դģûþ൶
˵ǵʵľͷġͷһƽ壬ͷһ֣԰ѻĨƽ
ģӲˣžǺŪ˵ģ
⻰ճԶĴ󺺾ͺݺݵһۣأ޲ǽǴ£ͷãϽɻ
һ˵ӵȻ֪޲ǽǴ£ʲôˮ࣬ûϹ
С죬㿴ⶫſſģʲôãǵʱ䱾Ͳ࣬ڸǰ׷ѹ
ҵ㶫ѳǽ޲ù˷ʱ䣬ʱ޲ǽ
С쾯صΥɣϽɻͷ˵ˣˮ͸֮Ӳˣ˼ɶأٸҺ˵˵ҡģ㻹벻ҪǿԴˣ
⻰ŲԸ൶ķؼ޲ǽ
Ҳ֪ǽҪԣԾҲû
ЩֻǸĨƽصĵطҪשʯ
һȺæµޣȴûס
ۿ̫£ɲͣЪŻѼɻ
ͷǱڹ涨ʱڰĳǽ޲á
ˮ͸Ҫʱ䣬͸֮ǰ꣬Իõʱ
Լãǵʱ͸ˡ
ֻǶδ˵ˮ࣬˶ûġ
ͬʱǣرɽ¡
ҤڵĴȼգῴģѹ壬鼤ѡ˵ոѹƺõͿʲô̲ס
ǵһοҤͳɹճܹ
ɹˣ
ĳɹˣ
ἤΧĽҲʮּ
ԭմɵģھȻҪ

տʼյʱһĶûУټӵĴΪηøˡ
뵽ǾȻһξͰ˳
һȺ˷ܲѣ˽ô
ԼΣ᣺£ɰӰճˣ
ĨĨϵĺͬ˵ǣ죬ѹƺõİȥ˻¯
һ׷
Ȼּѹ塣
ֲûһһĺ
ȴû˵ȥᣬһֱæ壬ȥ˻¯
˻£ս˵֪֪ԭҪר˻
ˮƳ֮ԵˮըѣΪû˻Եʡ
Ҥڣ޽רŵĸ¯רŵ˻¯
ֻǾ˵ʲô̶ȣһδܹ֪
뵽ԭͻȻͱ侲
ͻȻʶȻ˳Ʒδȷϸ˵ûƳɹ
ھͼʵЩ
սӡ
ôҪ齻Ǹˣﻹȥ
ôһ룬͸侲ˡ
ȵҶúøɣ˵ˣֻҪǵճɹˣͣ
һͣ˲û뺰ǣ
ҤæȻ죬ʱ̻ڸĸĻ̸
̸ĵصڳ̵鷿ֻһʿͷ
˿ʮģ࿡ʣֻɫÿ
-

368 ǲǶ

ʿͬؿų̣ү²סΪүһҪͨУ˾ٲǰ壬Ұ顣
һֱʹ⻰󣬷̧۳˹ȥ
Ŀ䣬˵ʱ򣬷·ܹ˶ס
̵˵Ԫʣ֪г𡣡
̵ܳԪʻǾͷһЩ
뵽ԼĳޣֱܿԼ侲ҧ˵ǣ¸г𣬶¼ǵү˵Ա𣡡
ȷ˵𴽽ǣЦЩұ㷴ڡֻǣñʧ
ԪһٴȻͬʱЩ
ʧ
òã
Ԫ̲סʵ֪кδףүΪ½󡣡
ո˵ͨУ塣̵ԽԽ䣬ǱǵãСڱس󣬶ĸĸˣȫΪߵ߶
˵ԪʵˣΪӦñκ˶Ҫʹߵߡȴû뵽ĳޣѾɥʧǡ
Ԫ⻰ܿüͷ²ʧȥǣֻ뵽һͨУܴĲвʡ
ǰҰֻϲӣûԡ㿪ͨУҲǸǽӵĻᡣ
οҰ£Ը⿪ͨе˿²ࡣүһؽΪʸ֮ģ
ЦȻˣΪĻţǰﱾɨϰɱľ
ؿຮ峣ӣñذտ಻ԡǿͨкܹ岻½ӣֶΪ
˵˶٣ͻȻվˣ㲻Ȱǵ浣ı飬ͻȥú룬˵ͬ⿪ͨС
ԪʿѾԸ˵ȥֻǣص˳ȥ
̿Ǻܲͬͨ⻥У⡣
ԭҲûҪֻսЩͻȻս˵Щ
Ȼߵߣÿζǳٶ
ԭĽ彭ɽԣߵ⡣
ǶûԣȻⲻš
ȻˣΪβӸһЩô
ûô
սҲ˼
Ů˹ģֱ¹ͷ˹ǰ壿
֮ǰׯʱһֻµ
Ǻ˵ǷǰЩ¿ӵģЩ軧ˡ
ǰԱֽӵýҾ͸ưͳԻƵġ
У϶Ҫʲô
ҪƵģǰ塣
սŵ׹ŮڱسǸ̵ģܲƫƫȥ
ֻһó˾ô
Уȥʡ
һߣһ֮ǰĸǵ̸
뵽ĸǵЩۣԽԽܾԼһȺҷϡ
ֵЩĻУǶ⻥е飬ƺó
£һЩ˲ţ
£֪սԺӡ
أ
үůͻ
һֱȥů
ԻݲݵûʲôȤƽʱط
Խȥ֮ɨһۣЩȣĻò
˵䣬ͻȻսŻڸˮ˵ˮ½ͺãõ
սͷҲصһ䣺⡣
ˮɲͨˮԽֽܶţ
뵽̸ղŵĻսط˸ۡ
һ֪ˣˣĻ඼ǴŻʺġ
оͰЩ˵Ļ
ʱǻ˸˵Ǳ̡Щĺܺã˿ϧ˻
ȪˮЩȫ³˻ͷĻúõġ
ʵҲ֡
ʲôʱҪ֡һ˸ȻӦһĻͻή䡣
Ȫˮͷģдٽá
Ȫˮ֮Щ˸ڳ׻˹˵˲µĻ
̶Щֲģѹûϳ
ս︹̣˭֪Ѿߵ󣺡Ҫ𣿡
սϾܾˣãܿͺˡ
õȪˮÿƽˮȻһˣЩ̫죬ǻð˸
ԣֻһԿš
һͻȻǰĻЩ졣
ϸһЩǼġ
Żʺů
ȥսʱ򿴼ġ
ʱֻɨһۣûô⡣
ɾǼǵǵӡ
ǲǶôúúõģ
-

369 ˢһø

ԽԽòٻ졣
̲סʵЩĸеģû
һԵļ⻰̲סսү˵ûЩǻʺ﹬ģһЩʱ״̬ܲãȫ˹
ԣȵؿս㾹Ȼı£
ûɼ˵ѣΪս϶Ҫȼöࡣ
ңսб°Щ֮ǰ˵ķϣܿЧ
ԽԽ˷ܣ޲̰ս
Ƴ۰µļƽ
սͷҲص˵үԲ֮ǰЩֽŵĻȷ
ڹУ˵Щֻܴʵڿϧʹ˻ԿܾܲȻþȻȫ
һ⻰;ս϶ںҪûаգôܰЩ
ֿЩǧ˰̬Ļ̲ס˾䣺ţǱڹʱïʢЩȷòһˣһЩĸȥĸ˿϶ˡ
ս⻰ûò
ϾǹŴТ죬ǻȨϡ
ֺŻʺ󣬶˵ֻкôл
֮ǰЩǴ֮ٸŻʺȥ˼
֮ǰŻʺĻŻʺ˵֮ˣûΪǨŭôõĻͻȻûˣŻʺﲻһ㶼⡣
ЩŻʺȥ֮ǰǳ˽ᡣ
ԳûˢһøС
սܸɴشӦȻүô˵վͽһˣһЩĸȥ
˼գü軨쿪ˡȵ죬ӦûῪһ֣ȥá
ʱٸŻʺһ
սһĥţһ߸ˮ
̼æ꣬Ȳߣæ˾ͳȥɣˣȥ
սץƳһۣû
ƽͼ鶼ڣͳ̱ϾǷޣҪ󶼲Ӧ˿˻ô룿
󣬼һֱû͵͵˴ǡ
ߵʱƽѾһȥ˳Ҫš
ǲŸ£ŮǾͶ룬ûþͰһӲˡ
ҲͿͦ࣬ʵÿ˵ķࡣ
̺սʳСֻ˳ԣǳһӲˡ
Ϊÿ˵ķսҪģϲ˷ѣҲϲ˳ͳ̵ʣʣ涨˷ܹĳ̶ȡ
Ůˣĸ񱾾ܣµȻԹ
ֱúҲһ˲ˡ
ʣµĸģڶսս·
û˸ս˼
̲ЩС£˵һεʱһ䣬֮ûʹ
ùź󣬳ٴ˿е£Ҫս˼
ս뷨ͦر뵽ʲô
ʱɫȥ鷿Ȼʡ
˸ȥϴ˸裬ȻֱӻԷ
ҹúܣů¯Ҳʲô
طϴ裬ʱ򣬾ͿѾϴսڹϣŮรվСذͷ
̿һֻۣรа׵ָսںڵͷд󣬶ս۾һܵģ
Īʮִۣ̲ס˹ȥӶรӣԳȥˡ
รԴͼֲ֣ԹԹ˸˳ȥ
š
̾վڶรԭλãӰսͷ
ս۾Ƴһۣôү
ô˵ȴûǶ
̶ʱһ̲ס˵ҪǾùⲻȥȻҲ԰ﱾͷ
սû˵װԼû
һ۾Ͳµ˼øƽϡ
սҪﻹ˵С£
һ߲ͷһʵձ֮ǰ˵ĻУɷٸ˵˵㻹뵽ʲô
սʱȻ
ͻˣ̽Ҳ̫ЩԭΪ˻е顣
һ˵ҾǾãǱߵҲùдƬǲҲ̫˷Щ
̲죺Ҫǵ
ȷʵҪսûзϣ֪֮Ҳ̫ƽرջУ˵ʧȴҲƵŽ½ӡ
սȥҴңߵߣ˾ܡ˵ÿζʵϣ߹صʧ󡣡
-

370 ս

ս˵̲ס˸ۡ
ĹƾõʷѤõ÷١
ϧչ·չԽԽ
ʵеģɻǱչߡ
رջУϽ
ߣʵҲһ־սԡֻϧ˵а˰٣һǧ޴ս
ó䣬
ǵĿƼˮƽҲó֡
ÿ궬죬ΪʳﲻԣԵʣܶˡ
νӼ˶ҧˣοЩͲӣһȺǡ
ȱʳȻҪ
½ԭˣҲԼˡ
ԼͰˣÿ½ӣƻ߹ظǳصľúũҵ
Ҳƻÿɹ󣬾ͻܻزԭ
ԭ󣬲Ϥȥ׾ͻʧ
ÿα֮󣬶ֻϵù
ڵϾ
Ϊ۸Ĳֵܶˣǵʱ򣬾ûٴȥ
ֵ±ǿ׳ǺٳԿ
ˣÿսɻ̫ˡսƵζžúũҵչ
Ҫ㷢չͱı״
ı㲻ÿ½ӣˡ
һͨУǱ߿϶ᷴԡ
ܹͨóʳΰͣ˭Ըƴȥأ
οڵɲǺǸѾãӲд
Ҫǣȵó׷չ˺˳ó׵ͷȻȻͻʶ˿ڵҪԡ
ڵ˻̫Ұˣ֪˿ҪÿνӣϰԵŮ˺ͺӣ߹ֵжɱԷǷѡ
ɱɱȥô㷢չ
ս뵽ٴ̲ס˸ۡ
߹궼̫ƽÿյʱ嶼Ҫһͨ
£ôչ𾭼úũҵ
úũҵչζƶ߹ذյôܺù
յӲùԼѣﻹõóǮѣ
ûѣþһ̶ˮչ
÷չҲû취̼ĸ£ķչ
ݷ֮֯ԻᵮΪʱĳó̫࣬󣬵ºܶ˽ʾ֭ظĽܹ߲
÷չеĲѾԶԶ˭ȥ취߲
е˿ڲǧ˿ʱ˵٣д󲿷ֶƶǮѣ
ǮֻСνݣҲޡ
һôչã
֮ǰר˾˵ܹ̼ȥ㷢û㹻Ĵ̼⿿ר˾϶С
һЩ㷢ûгҲǰ״
ݻ֪ݻӣҲûó
ʱƥǸʳӲͨһĲƥ֯ضҪӰ첼ƥļ۸񣬶гسƻеƽ⡣
Ե֮Ȱг
⻥һ£Ȼ֮ء
֮⣬ܱ߻ôСңɶǲó׶
ǷɣİõĽ󣬾ͺܲô
뵽սͻȻתͷĿƵس̿ȥү뿪ͨУ
̼лҪ˵ӣɴ˹ϣսϣһ߸ͷһ˵˼㻹뵽ʲô
ֻ룬߹սңܹϰӣ֪ಿ壬ƽʱΪУΨ½ӵʱǲŻŽ
սЦЦ˵һ˵кᣬǼȻŽᣬôΪʲô취Ž᲻
ׯĹ֪˲Ѷ͢Ը⿪ͨУټ֮鶩룬ΪȡĶԼͻ
ԭ󣬿ƥţ½ӣβǶȥݳ
ԭʺϷǱߵĲԭȴʮֹԽԽ󣬿ţȡʳΰͣҶ·ΣȻţ
ҪݳҪţ򣬾͵иĲݳ½ӣ޷ΪǶ֪ҳӵ׬ͷȽϴ
ɱ߹иʵĳǽÿνӣðķաٲݳȻͬ
ȻˣβȥݳţƥȻأ֮˲ó죬ǵ߹ޣƥú¯˵Ǻö
Щ̼ȥݳ½ӣű߹ذգƻũͳǳأѵô
𾪵ؿսֻ𶯲ѡ
δȻ
-

371 սԣĻ

̺ܿ˳˼
ֻ֪ϲߵߣ𣬶ɱꡣ
ȴδϸΪҪôǿ辶ȥˣ
սһȻֲƼգéٿ֮У
ֻǰδ˸˵Щδԭô
˧򵽹⣬Щö죬ÿδȥ󣬳ɱ֮⣬ûٺôĲС
Щ֮½ӣҲΪ֪½ӵĺôࡣ
ôͨУǾñǡ
Ѿ˵ۿͨУֻЩʵûʲôøС
˵䣬һԸӡ
Ҳ벻˼ս֮⣬ͨжʲôô
˵֮ͻȻսˡ
ʶսȥô˵
ȴս˵ֻĻȷǱǡôǻ֮ưˡ
ǵʿսø׳ȻԴȥѵط
ˣǲʹźţʹݣĻչóס
ʹݺѧУǵʱֱ˹ȥɡ
쳯ϹԸǲʹǰھѧ壬ǵҡ
⡭̾ȵؿսҲ̫ˣ
Щ֮أǲʹȥ˵Ҫھѧ壬δ̧̫ǡ
սðҡͷҲ̫ˣ֪ĻֵĿء
Ц˵͢ǲʹȥʹճ裬Ȼṩ
Ϊʹܹ飬ǲ̻ȥݡ
Ϊ˱ʹ̻İȫӦǲһ֧ЩճнȻҲṩ
үãܼӦǲΪã
ܿս˼
ó֮£⻤ţȴʮС
͢ԸطĻϸ涨ΪֻҪɵӣ֪һˣ췴ʱ
͢ǲʹȻܸȡ
ֻҪˣǾͿԹذ嶤ӹȥ
̺ʣǲͬأ
ɵӲŻӦɣ
սЦŷʣ͢Ըǲ壬ʥ֮ѧ˭ܾأʥ֮ѧܾܾǸʵģҲ壿
̶Щ岢޺øУսô˵Ǿò˼顣
Щ֮ҲĶʲôѧģ
ûٶ˵ǰ⣬ĸһ
²ĻŶѧ֮£Ϊ׵
սҲû˵ȥϾ˵Щ̫硣
˵ЩҲϣܹ顣
ܹ˵ۣǿſкǲʹսĻ˫£ЧԸܸܵġ
ѧܹεģȨӵܡ
ܳûϴԣҾʱһѧ׬һʡ
޽ʹݺԺҪʱ䣬¿»еĥ
սͷѾɵò࣬վ׼ϴ˯
ҪߣͱסˣͷʪţձòӲŰɣ
սƳһۣüʵҸոոү˵ô࣬үҪҲͷִʲôôأ
üͷû˵ʱԻ䡣
սЦʵô̴ʲôôأ
һֻ̡еĻ˲䱻ȼѪҺù
ſڣȴ쳣ƣ㡭
˵һ֣˵ȥˡԽԽȣԼһСľͻ
ս˲Ǻգ̲סЦŵ٩ѵֻҰͷȴҺô𣿡
̽ŵʣ㡭Ҫʲôô
롪սһס̴ӦҺòã
һסǱ˵ͷˮɫ˲ձǲǣܣǱֻܸһס
ս˸ۣ֪̰˳ɲӦ
бҪô
Ƿַ˯

ôˣô϶˺ܲϰ
һ󣬿ų̿Ҳûô
ȻûӦǺ۵ġ
սĬĬοԼһȴ˵̣ʹˡ
ʶɿ֡
սһ˵˴ϣһؿȻ̲ϴӦǻԼͷɡ
˭֪˵꣬Ϳͷһ̣
սԲ۾
һߣͷҲԽԽɡ
ԭһǿսɵ۵ӣͻȻ־ûôˡ
ձû뵽ɣ
-

372 ս

˵꣬˴
ս˭֪ͻȻ֣
˲侯ʲô
ͷû͸ȰŪɡ
ս⻰һ£ȻЩ顣
ողŰѳ̸ˣȻŪͷ
̼סˣͻȻ𴽽ǣһѽ˻
սӦҪͱ̰סˣ𶯣Щ
ԥһ£ûٶ
̻ץͷأ
̫ˣ泯±̰ڻĿϣظܵ
顱
սһԽԽ̡
ţֳ̫ˡ
սڵţʵûУ
̵ЩƣٵȵȣҪǾ˯ɡ
ս˸ۡ
˯
ôɵô
Ҫ˯ȥˣ˭֪̻ʲô
Ǵߴٵ
˵̲꣬ס˸ǷСɵ°Ͳ˳Ŀϡ
սĹǷմһ룬ز̵ͻȻӲˡ
еΡ
ԷģĲǹģ
սһ£־̫ˣɴĬĬ죬װԼѾ˯ˡ
һֱӲŵĳ̣
ƵصսһۣһͻȻ۾Ӱһסˡ
սٴδ˸Ƿ
뷴һµģǲ֪ΪʲôͻȻԽԽö
ԥһ£Ǳ۾˯˹ȥ
ӦòҶʲô
սİõţܿ˯ˡ
ĺЩȵصɴ˫ۡ
սȻ˯ˣ
ǲ̫ˣ
ͻȻЩսڻ
ֻǵսһջʲôҲûֻǲؽսýЩʦͨػ˸ơ
ҹˣսĺ֪˯˹ȥ
Ȼرɽ£ҤԾȻ졣
ȲҪճõ᲻ñۡ
ʱ佥ȥ֪ˡ
𣬾еĳкܿ
̼ѾҪȥ糯ر硣
սһֱڻһսˡ
˸ǷЩãȻۣ̺һ£ܿ顣
̲ر壬ЩŵؿΪᷢ
룬սֻƳһۣ͹űӹһߣ·ʲôûһ
ƽˣȥϴɣҵȻȥ
̿սƽģٴξЩֱսùͶĸо
̲סʵձ˯ú𣿡
ս˵ôã˸جΣμұһֱ޴İצסˡ
צ㡤̣
תߡ
ս̷ߣ쳤ӿȥıӰȻЩƵס
ոˡ
ȷʵˣֻﲻʲôצ㣬һС
ս뵽ͲܿƵػطһУԽԽ̡
ЩƵӣԼǱ̸ƻˡ
ȻĻôأ
̫߳ˣ
ȵϴʱսѾָҪȥ糯øʱ䣬û
óҴЩ㣬ͳš
ս뿪͵͵˿
ʱ仹磬ɴų̲ڣռһʱ
Ȼװµӣȥš
Ϊߵ磬սһʱʱҲϰ˵㡣
ź뵽Ļȥů˰軨װһЩֵƵĻʣһ˹
ܷ﹬ŻʺůͷĻ
ǰºůѾµĻ
ֻǣ֮ǰǾѡģʣµĻǺá
ͻȻ£òʣµĻͷõ͹ȥʱ׻ǲһЩ
̬ǻϣԲ㡣
ŻʺţЩ
˭֪ʱͻȻʺ
ôˣŻʺ˵һ䣬תߣȥɡ
˵ͻÿս˽
սƣ߽͹ɵһ񣺡ĸ밲ĸ򸣡
ŻʺֻǴյһģ
˿֮鶼ź
Цս֣ɣЩˡ
սڹͿżɽ˵ǰЩĸĻ£ȥ뾹ǻ˹Ŵ˹ĸ󿴿
Żʺ˵Щʱ򣬻Щʧ䣬棬סˣǾȻˣ
-

373 ͵ȥ

սǫ˵Ѿ˻ͦģӦǻˡ
ŻʺһЩȲ˵𣿿ñƣ
ûã˾Сؽ˽ڵվһš
ŻʺĻľԽԽ̲סվλع۲Щ
軨Ѿˣƽ̺죬ۻҡ
ЩҶƬһرŻʺ˷ܲѡ
ȵսȻľȻˣôģ
Ҳ֪սװɵȥ󣬾ֻǸǽ˽ˮʩ˵ʣ˭֪ǾȻܹ˵飬᲻ĸԲŬ
ˡŻʺȻ̫Ź֮˵ǰЩ֮ǰЩսú֮⣬벻ԭ
пҲǶ㣬ǲܹ
սЦЦЩĸɣһЩʹÿһЩӦܹЩøЩ
ŻʺЦø⣺Ȼô˵ĸˡ
Ϊʺܷ﹬ůʹȱ˻ľ
ɻľҲкû֣֮סԽƷõģֵԽǲơ
ǻʺҲԸҡ
֮ǰĻ֮ȻǺ⣬ȴҲûȥѰõĻľǲ׷ӡ
սȻ֮ǰ˵ĻȫȻˣøЩ˹
ôܲˣ
ŻʺһˣսڹЩʱ˵
ս£ֻڹ˰ʱ͸뿪
ŻʺǸƽˣҪߣû˰ͳ˹
սֱӻȻɰѯũ¡
ɰ飬ܶ鶼Ҫ֣æýŲմء
ũĹսŽĹ£жڣʮͣϹսҲֹׯڣá
ս컭˹滮ͼԼ˶ڣũ¡
ͼһ棬֮ɰת
ڵͦսķԸ֮󣬾һֱæũ¡
սũҪ軧ֻҪũѵȥֻǹ˰æ
ԭصĵ軧ͦ⣬˵˴󣬲û
ΪǮսᣬʱ򻹻ԳӳԱ
õĴ𴦿ɴûС
軧ԷʱãæµһӶ
Ͳһˡ
ǮսᣬÿֻҪ˻õǮӡ
ũտÿ춼Ҫ軧춼ǮãܳԵñģǾãӱӻҪá
ǮãӣЩ˸Ȼúܡ
ũһпչû˳
Ǹ»û
ս֮ǰڳ̵ׯЩõĸ磬ø̫ǳҲá󣬾ͻͼֽö˴µĸ硣
ϧֱڻûϢ
ΪҪŴսڶũͦġ
ɰԽкӢͷսһʣóŵļ±֮ͷļ¼˵ũҪڸغŽʡĿǰũҪʮͷţжʮͷӣڸء
֮⣬Ź˶ʮ״ܣһءͬʱܴµĸ磬ֻµĸЩѣҪܴһףٶЩ
սô˵ЩʧܴһףٶҲ̫ˡ
ɰ˵ŹΪ˸ʱ䣬Ѿڳе̶˶ĿǰѾõף׼á
ս˵Ļȥ
˵Ѹٻһװɰš
ũʱ򣬶ڸո˰װµĸ磬á
սʱ򣬶һ£Ȼ;ˡ
δսŮװӣǼխZ褵ġ
սαװӸЩ񣬵ϸĻֲܹ
ɰһ𣬶ڲΪԼ褡
ǿɰͲµսݣֻǿһۣջĿ⣬ûһֱȥ
սں룬ھʵµĸԹЧΣ
Ǹʵꡣ
öں治ѣ̲סֿһۡ
֮ǰսʱзʵھ;𾪡
ҪɰڣҪսǱ˼ðˣ
𾪹̲סаү˵ûȻһˣ
ϷȻ࣬ȴһδԹɣСĸ˰װãҪء
սԵ˵ͷǾͿɡ
-

374 񣬶

һսҪµĸ棬˹ȥ峡ȻŴսȥ
´ĸ滹δùҲ֪ʹǷ
ڵЧûôܣһͷ׳˶ĸţ硣
¸ţսźüԶھͰսӣɡ
ս˵ͷûԡ
õúܣԶľ벢Ӱʲô
ڻս׼һ۵Σƽذӷȣս¡
սؿһۣ°һƣŵϣʼɡ
ڣ
ɰ
͵͵սһۣﲻԼͬ룺ǸŮˣ
սûӦɨһۣ𣿡
˲˸飬ر˵ûУ
ʼ磡
˲ǹũǶӣǰء
߾ҪԸũ֡
һ£˾ͿʼŸء
ֻ׳˶ĸţǰͷ׳Ű֣ٿŸ潫
Щȴһ׾پܽ
ڿһĻ˲Բӣ·ʱҪ
⡭𣿷Ҳ̫ˣ
˵ţȲس鿴ĵء
鿴س嵽սǰӣ羹Ȼܷһ߶ʵ̫ˣֻܷͨ磬磬Ͳõĵˣ
ս⣬һҲӽ죬ԶЩǮ
ڹ˵ǣСȥߣһǾ
ս֪϶ȥתʵ֮ǰƵķϣƵˣ
˵ӸķӣһˮӦѾˣйƣأ׸ϷʣҲһֻǻûʩã֪ЧΡʣµ笠Ϸʻû죬ٵȵȡ
ʵЩֶ̫ŹˣҲֿڣսķдģôˡ
ս˵УװųϣƵĸҲһȥҪߡ
һ£ȴûҶʣܿ˵ͷǣСȥš
սҲͻȻôЩµֵ˵ҪǷϡ
⼸һֱûȥЩ軧Ѿ磬겻ˡ
Ȼû⣬ҲһֳÿԹȥ
ʱϵ̫ãЩٴ
սµûׯǱߣûš
ǵĲиŬ£ׯԷ׷ס
Щµĵ軧ǣԭ飬ҲԵ£ʼ̻̲
ȻЩϵеĵ軧ҲǾӹΰ
ǹ˵ģ˲Ѷ
սµĵ軧ŵôĺô軧Ŀܲʣ
ߺЩ˾ûٹ඾
µĵ軧ǱЩöˣȻҲ͸ӻ̿֡
սһֱûȥҲûȥϣ͸ûˡ
Σսȥʱûһ
ֲͷų̵ߣ˹ȥ
ɰƽߣҲŮװӢˬ
ֻˣ鲢ԡϵׯʱæĵũǶûô⡣
սյûãᵽ
ֻû˵˵Զţòỹûİɣλչžˣģ㻹Ű
սƳһۣԶţǸһͺʵĺӡ
һ࣬Ƥڻƣʮӡ
軧ϣΪְ̫࣬ˣܶѾһࡣ
˿ʮˣʵܿûôܿܲŶʮꡣ
ˣսϳӶӳ֮һ
ҲԵʣʼղϷ
˵˴ҪԺЩϵеĵ軧
Զţܿ˵ﹷӣ⻰ͲˡŹȥ죿ô˵չ˵ˣ
λչһͲ򵥣϶Ǹæˣֲֵ軧Ŀܣ
ԶţҿǲײĲᣬ㲻ҵĻ͵Űɣʱûճɣɱû㣡
ﹷӷŭºݻҪ뿪ͻȻͿڸͷϵս
һξ룬һ۾Ͱս˳
Ȼ촩һ·ĳ࣬ƶ̫ˡ
ֻҪһۣҲûǡ
ﹷӼϣӸ£Ŀس˫Ⱦ̲ס¡
ˣաչ
սһ̲סӿɲʲô
˵Զţȥӵټ˵ˡ
Զţ˲伤ǣ
-

375 ƻսļƻ

Զţսܿͷɱȥˡ
˲ԣһֱĵʼղϷȵľһ죡
Сû飬ҲЩ
ԴչӣԤУλչӾԲһˣ
չӼȻ˵ҪŪʲôӣҪǷϣ϶ƭǵģ
ɰƭǣ
ȻûչӲûǣˣ
Զţܿˡ
Щ죬ֲֹ̿Ҳһ
֪չˣǶǼѣﻹӣ
һϢ˶Ļƣظ˹
ôĶׯĹȻ֪ܲ
ʵҲĵͻȻ˴£˵ûǣ˶ãͷһѸֵʱܵǡ
ۿλչӸ뿪ûϢ˿Ҳûɷɾ衣
Щ죬ûɢԣҪչӴӰ죬ͬʱ軧ǶչӵĲϵеĵ軧
뵽λչ伣˼죬Ȼֳˣ
ĵǣû˴λչӵݣֵǣȻ
ܹģ
ԽԽһսϢȲظ˹
һս˿żɽش̽չӽôпչˣ
֮ǰЩѾ֪ûսʱҪЩ
ڵʱôź;н
սø˼ƽϣͳ˼ƻҪ˶ãЩ¾ͻᱻ
ʱṵ̂ģԳ̵Ƣ϶Źǡ
ֻɨЩһۣڡ
ֱũȫ˵ǰձ˵µĸ֮£ӱӵ
˭֪˵й´չ֮ǰ˵ҪͷϹ֪Ϻʱ
չ֪Դ֮󣬵ũǶڵķϣĸ֡Ȼչӽˣһ׼Ǽȥ
սһֿۣЩũ
Ȼ˵ĻһũǶŵؿ
ЦһЩЦ
Щ¿ѾˣŻ˵ⷬҪ
ֻϧ컹ͷϵġ
˵λ֮¡ȻˣӾֱ˵ˡ
ѾƳһ·ʣԺͻ͵ȵ·ʩ֮£ԳЧ
ⷬȫ˹ǵԤϣ
Ǹ֮ǰʹ֪սģֻӡ
ûбĶ
֪ϢŴûѣĪչɨأʧȥã
˭֪Ȼ׼˷ϣ
˵ʲôԺ͵òǹİɣ
ԽԽòԾ
νԿ˵ʱҲ
ǵС˼٣־ʵЩƣȻҲ;ãصչҲƵ
˲֪սݣֻǳֵһĻţ֮Թ˵һ뼱ű֣õá
Բ
Ͼǵдţֺα˷Ӫ
뵽ʱͷĸֵʵλչ
ϧǲ²սݣʱ˵·ҪЩš
Ѿʶսչ͵⣬ʱĿģ
鼱֮£Ըȥν·ʻ᲻дôֻһ˼ҪսļƻЩũȫ˹ȥ
ս䣬й²˵չӣׯڿɶ֮أ÷ϣǷкׯڣǺã
⻰һոջѵĵũǣȻ
ս״ֱЦ·ʶˮʩãǵ涾˺磬Ǯǣ
Ƕʱ˵
Ǿûôƴ֣ԵĶ֣
սȴּ˵·ʲֻ࣬Ч˲ģԸѡǷʩáвԸģӾǿ
ũһ
Ըѡ

սּ˵µܹʮӣ·֣ÿӿѡһԡ
˵·ʻᶾ˺磬ҲѡáӲϲˣǷʩãȫƾԸڳ·δ˵ǿȿᣬѡ
ѡµΪʵĹЧһҪԳѵʩʷʽ
ûж飬ôܹͬЧ
-

376 ضǴһ

ũȷʵûס
սһ˵ԿᣬĵũǺܿ㿪˻ᡣ
֮ǰսǷֳʮӣԺЩũ͸γС塣
Ϊսŵĺôټǰûͷ˭ҲԸ
Ƕ֪֮ǻΪĹϵȻȻģͷͱţͬʱ䱸ӡ
ڣڲͿСᡣ
һ۷׷ס
ֱֻ̫࣬ӸϹҲûý
սһʼһ˳Ƥ͵͵Ѷסˡ
ֱˣ˵ˣдӳվ˵˵Ƕôѡģ
ӳ㿴ҿ㣬һ󣬺ܿѡ
˶Ը·ʡ
սе⡣
֮ͣǾϵ
ֻҪԸðյ˳һ룬ʣµ˵ԼԿȻðա
ܿ˰ַϷȥշϵķÿӿѡһַϡ
˷ϣ͸ЩϵЧˡ
ҪŪϵЧ͵飬ϸ¼ݡ
ϧڳũʶ֣Ȼˣˡ
Щǵʶ֣սȴԸò½ǣû˵
룬½ܼң˸¡
ϹϵʵЧʩʷʽۣضǴһ
ĺ£ܱǰϵĹ£
ս˵Щ·Ƴ·ʣδ˺磬Ժǣʩʡ
ֻҪǰʩʣһ𣬱ӻᲹǵʧ
ΥºˣӲ⳥ʧȡǮ
𣿡
ũǶʱ
ʲôЩϵ˺磿ǡ
̲סùġ
ЩһǾսްգû˵չӣ˼ǣʵЩϵĺûϣõ軧ǰЧ
չӣ˾ǲסչӲںǮҲúðգ
ǰչӣ˾δ̫ðЩЩʩ˺Ͱˣһ˵ݺ
չӣɲүţ
ũ֮£֮ܶϷ
չӣȷʵ
һ˵ͻȻսЦóһţҲ˵ȥˡ
սô˵ˣ˵
˲һ
ƺǺˡ
սֿ£ǻʲôҪ˵ģлᣬ˵ɡ
⻰ʱ
ս˵⻰ãһ˵⻰ﻹҼ
뵽սǸųģ̻ŵµͣͻȻ
һˣ˼Ҳ׶࣬ׯôĹ£ɲһ顣
οǰòŸոճ£ȴûǲµĴ¹
ζţЩͷ˵˻Ϊ¡
ׯĴˮ࣬˭뵱
ƫƫͻȻðһչӣƹµǳŴµλȥġ
вְսΪвһֱɿ軧Ҫļƻͷ
ʱչӰ˲£ǾͲţүׯ£
Щ˼ǿɲ˵
ңȻŽһ¶Ըս˽Ҳڻ˭õĺô
սĻ¾ͷ׷׾
Ǽ˿ڵģǺڲ޲ʱ⵹Լʲôû˵
ͻȻʶǰչ̴ܹߣӦͣضǶʮֿصġ
ϸŰ˸ˣչûܵɴ£кõģ
뵽ո˵ļ˾͸ӻ֣̿޲ðԼսźá
սʱЩЩ֪ˣ̫
ҲøЩۡһˣ˵ȻλѾ˵ˣǾɢ˰ɡ
λΪׯ£Ƕ˼ׯ֮ΪãĪҪүλΡ
˵գЩˣֱ˰
˭Ҳûߣ磬ЩȡǱϾׯЩӣӻǼǵõġ
ս˰ĸ棬ԯӸǼĲ࣬ûʲô仯ͷȴҪϲ١
һЩϸ֮ҲиĶ
濴ͦ£ǲġ
һģֵĸ棬͸ˡ
ũҲ쳤˲ڿЩģ͸Ⱥ²һˡ
۶˵൱ƣչӾȻôһܣδҲ̫ˣ
ǲ֪òá
-

377 ñ˳Կ

ǰ˼Ĺ£ڳĵũȫս治ѡ
ũȻû飬ȴҲ֪£ĵ
˵秵Ĵʣɵͨġ
֮ǰս˴ĴܣѾᵽ˹ߵĺôǶսóĶɶڴúܡ
Ҹϲͬпܶ˺Ķȴᡣ
ֻϽһأǺǻܿ
ΪսµһũǶ·ʶҷġ
ԶĹЧǾ͸⡣ãҲܰЩ
ܿҲѸټܺá
ũѾܹܣӳӧҪ档
оͰԶţ
սӦˡ
ԶţԷŸ棬ʣֱͷתꤡ
󺰣һʼ
תԶţŸ棬ܿ췭
һʼ̫ϰߣòǸصĺ֣ܿµĸ棬ĵҲԽԽ
ȵŸߵͷսͣ
˵˵Σ
ܺ͸ţϾЩ緭ζܵ
ƻ١
Զţ˵
Զţû뵽սȻǵ֣㵽˶
ͬʱ̲ס
ɤ˵չӣ緭̫ˣСľرã
սô̾˿
ʵ㲻ʲô
еûȡ
Ȼôһ˵ĸ棬ʱ˵Ѿĺö
֮ǰĶЩũҲ
ˣֹԶţһ
ս֣Щһ̵ֱĹ£ʱҲĿƵؿ׸档
úЦʵɾ÷
Զţ˵ҪԭЩСǸɵľǶ໨ˣûʲô˵ġ
ǶЩˣں໨
ֻҪѵֵúãܹЩճɣܹһСǾˡ
սֿˣ˶ͨ죬ûսѯʣ˾Ȳؿ˿ڡ
õҪЩ緭ظǰá
չӣԺ𣿡
⻰һеũս
ս˵ͷѾ˼ӽ磬ԺǶϡֻãЧ
Ժ˹Ժʲô뷨ֱӸ˵
⻰ٴսĴֱʡ
һ׸ķѲ˶٣ˣǻѿɲСĿ
ͶôǮȥҪʲôʱյû
ﰵ̣ΪֺүѪ
սȴûׯԿЧ֪Щũں໨ʹɰƽ
һصƽ̲סʵҪôҲ̫Ǯ˰ɣ
ɰ⻰̲סս
ʵҲãôʵ̫Ǯˡ
սЦЦ˵Ҫ죬˵͸պҪø磬ȻóǮ
ũũɲһ⣬ʣµĶǵġ
ũǮɻеճɶġ
ȻҲͲһ
еũȫṩЩũֻǵôߣа
ôĵũҲûֵء
Ǽʲôģ
ڵֳҵ̫ˣ˲ࡣ
ƫƫܶණҪ
Ƿ࣬ں죬Ҫõ͡
һֱûͶΪԭϲ
ʱҲ̫Щ֬Ҳࡣ
ЩӣŪЩ֣ӽһЩ֬ƷֲС
ִ˻ʳãԷ̫壬Ըϲ⡣
˲һ
һ˼ڼٳԵӪϣԱ⣬ǷϲԷ⡣
ܹӽֿ֬࣬Ʒ֣ԺͲõԭˡ
ս뵽ĬĬ¼
̫ԶҪ˹֪Ҫ೤ʱ䡣
¸ãֻ˶Щ
ƽ֪ս뷨˵Ǯ˿ܵū澻ΪҪԿأūˡ
ɰЦôܻԿôãѵӵΪˣ
ǼӣǴǻԿˣֻñ˳Կķݡ
ս˵ˣ֪ͺáƽȥܼҹ˵¡
ƽߺֶɰ˵ɰׯũǱߣҪ໨Щ˼ũҿõʧ𣿡
-

378 һ

ɰһֱڹעũǱߣʮսũж࿴ء
սĻȻ˵ӷģū澶Ȼ߾ܣйעũǱߵһб仯
սһӣЦЦţҲҪ̫ˣũҪɶŹֻÿȥһˣǱߵĽȾˡκ⣬Ҳǵüʱ֪ͨҡ
ɰ˵ͷū
˵ţƽʹܼҹˡ
ܼҵ֪սҪƬҲҵ飬һ·ߵ÷ɿ졣
ȼս󣬸ǹ
ս̫ϲЩȽڣûֱ˵ɣмҪȥ
ܼ˵˵
սûֱ˵ԼҪ󣺡һЩϣЧλȷҪ˼¼ҸʶֵģȥׯǱߣ¼ϵʹ
ܼ⻰Щ𾪡
ǶһЩũµģǾ嵽H飬ûôעˡ
˭֪սΪȻС£˷ϣȻҪ˼¼
ֻﾪȣûб¶ϡ
ܼڴӦģһ찲׵
˵ʱעЩϤũµģׯڡ
ס
ھȥɣμ¼Ժһ˸㡣
ǣ¸ˡ
ܼҸɴȥսˡ
룬ǸĻᣬӼֶѰҡ
ǱˣϼҲߡԴӸųǣĹܼңʹѡһЩõ֣ǰ˹
̵֪Ƣʮִֶ磬ûֱӰȫǸǷһЩơ
սҪˣǸᣬŴԼˡ
ֻҪ°ˣȻиǰ̡
úúôһ²УɲܰѲ¸ˡ
ս֪ܼҵЩС˼ܼߺȥ鷿дһ¼¼Ҫ
ҪϵЧȻҪֳͬĶУҪ¼ݡ
ߣֲ״̬зϸˮȵȡ
սͰЩҪдֽϣƽȥܼҡ
ЩǣƽʱȻ˸ˣ
Ǹᡣ
ᲢûֱӸƽȥսڵͷƽս֮ͨսŴȥ
սһ֪϶˲ĳɹ
Ȳؼ
Ȼһģսüͷ
ʱӿɲôá
ȻѾϴ裬»һɾ·ұʮֿܣսǿϵƣ֮ɫ
۵Ѫ˿Ȼһҹû˯Ľ
սЩҹͨ
Ȼһ⻰սеĲ
ʱСػشСĿ˳ҵ飬ʹһϵ
ĿǰѾƳһЩ͸壬ǶѹƳͷݡ
󣬽ѾԽԽеҲԽԽ١СһЩĿ
սȵؿһۣȻô죿
뵽ǰƹܶͻ˲پ飬־ٶҲ̫š
ȻܹôƳƷʲ壬˺ܶ˼ġ
˵ͷЩڴ˵أھͿ
򿪴ӣСشȡһķ͸壬˵ǲ塣
սƽʹ˸ɫƽ˹ȥӹ壬͵սǰ
սϸ˿
Ų廹͸׺񣬶ûݡ
ӺͲӦǹˡ
ɫĻɫѤõΡ
ֻҪƬĻǲһЩ
սʵƷʵ壬𣿡
˵ĿǰĲǺܸߣռεĻӦûԽԽʱ϶ܸЩ
У㻹Ҫ취Ʒʣȡճ͸дá
͸ȥͿģֱѹƳɾƬߣȻټԴĥͿԱҪľƬ
ʱ򣬾ͿԴǧ۸۾
ǧĶǾûҪˣǿԶЩӸ۾зŴҲ
ǧʲôģȥĺˡ
ճѾ֤Ǳϵ䷽û
ֻҪ֪ϢǱϵ϶⡣
Ψһǣһճ˾Ƭ¾סˡ
ҪȳžƬû㾵
-

379 

սתܿ˵ȥԣǶ
Էֳɼ飬ÿ鸺ͬ
ɫ͸Ƕɫ͸Ҳܲ
壬ԿʼƿˮǸƺΣ
ˣ֪ƿô𣿡
˵ͷС֪øӴܴ
Уȥú⣬ճɫ͸壬Ǽһ
´βˣΣգȷһʧ
ҹ²ˣǳ˰ȫ¹ʣҪôҽ
ϴ˵öأҪҾȻ㣬ھġ
ڻȥúòдݱ棬ÿ˵Ĺдȥɰʱᷢ
һȫȨĹԺҪƷʣ»
ᱻ˵ѣ̧ͷǣС֪ˣͻȥ
ţȥɡ
ԣûҵ飬ܿ˳ȥ
ս̾˿
û뵽ȻôͰɫ͸ûݵ˳
ԭڿüӽˡ
˾Ǹ͵˲ţɾͷУͲˡ
ԻǵöЩˡ
ս룬˵齻ȥ
ǧ۵ľƬֱճԱܡ
һ֪£˶ñ׶
䵽ʱǳһ鷳ھͰ鷳ɱҡ
Եȳ̻úúø˵˵²С

ʱ򣬳̾ͻˡ
ŵģ˳㻹ս
սŵʱ˵źҸ㿴
̺ʣʲô
սⲻ˵
̶ʱЩƣڲ˵𣿡
սǹģ
սȷǹģ˸ֱ׳Ľڣʳ޲ҿɲ˵ûء
̣
ؿսһۣĬĬӿŵٶȡ
Ȼųͷ֣ٶȵǿˣսȴ̵ģ
һʱսûأ
̶ʱˡ
սԵƵģԵͶ̥Ƶġ
ֻøŷٶȣҲ
һӹȥ˼ͬʱš
ĨĨ죬ߵսǰձڿ˵𣿡
սվ鷿ǹȥɡ
ǿ͸屻ø̿
ûʵٶĻԵ̫աֻҪ̿ⶫҪ˵ʲôܹ³ⶫĺô
˵鷿սûֱӴ˺ӣ㿴ɡ
̺ؿȥֻп͸塣
һ޲Գһͷ֣ĿԴ͸ǿӣ޲ơ
һĻȵصɴ˫ۣȻȲؽǿȡ˳
һ͸ˡ
ⶫһ޴ˮȻˮѴĥôһƽ塣
οô͸
͸ˮȻУǺҳôġ
𾪵ʣճȻô͸ɰճģ
ս˵ͷûҴߣĻĹ߻ЩЩĲУҾ͸ʺɵ֣͸Կ϶á
ŵǲ壬ϸƣ˵ƺõˮô͸ȻĻǿˮ񣬴ĥɾƬǧۡ
ս⻰񲻽
ԭƻʱ˵Ƭ£ȴû뵽̾Ȼôںǧۡ
Ҳǣ̱ͶԾ¼ΪУǧܹڳǷսϵ᲻ģ
ԥһ˲˵˳ʹģѹģ룬ֱģ߰ѾƬѹȻٽдĥ
ĻӦҪֱˮĥöࡣ
ֻ˵ûǲ͸ҪƬø͸С
Դ󾪣ģֱѹ
սȻ˵ҾÿԣֱģѹģȻѹƳְӵ״ȻҲѹƳɱ״
ֻҵĲ룬ûԹҪǲţԡֻڵ͸ȻĥɾƬ϶ЧҲһ㡣
סˣȥҪȥ𣿡
սҡҡͷҾͲȥˣȥɡˣҾ˻̫ˣöЩ˲С
˵ùӰɸ״Ļ϶Ҫһר
-

380 òǲ˰ɣ

̲ʲôֻ֪ǲĿģ߰ѾƬѹƳ
Ҫ͸ʾͲõǧ۵ˡ
ԴոʵõǧۣͰ˹ı̾ơ
Ĵ£̾ȻҵܿͰ˽ơ
ҴȫƷõˮ񣬴ĥɾƬ
ǧĹӵǱȽϺ죬Ϳ˾ƬͷˮӲҪĥܹʹõľƬɲ׵顣
ֵ̾ĽҹͣشĥҲʮǧۣƷʱģǲôһ㡣
ʮǧۣͲֵġҪֱܹѹƳٽдĥĻ϶Ҫࡣ
ΪˮⶫҪʯӲö࣬ûֱӵ̣Ȼ׿ѣֻĥѶĲȫĨ
ٶĿܿ
ģѹĻɾȫͬˣҪʲô״ѹ
Ĵ£ҵ
ڱȥ嵽ôѹƳġֻۼˣܹȷƬǲҲѹ
ǰսĻ˽ȥǰ˵֪ˣᾡ찲֡
˵⻰Ȳ˳ȥɱȥ
սҴȥıӰ̲ס̾˿
϶Ǳסˡ
ܲ϶Ҫȥ
Ӧûܹסġǿض͸ˣֱܲӰȥ
ǲ֪λ᲻ٸʲôʹͣɶճˣʵģܵñʾһ°ɣ
ڸµͻȻ˸硣
ӣʶļλ󳼣Ǿ֮⣺˭׼£
λ󳼲Լͬصͷ۹۱ǱǹģװԼʲô֪
ͬʱ̲סģͻȻ磬òǲ˰ɣ

̺ܿ쵽˲رɽµ
˸߸ߵΧǽŽղ˵ſڻϽ˵ȿ
ǳ̰ŵġ
һʼûҲƬԶرأֻԴ޽вڹ
ղսЦͰ͵ȥ
֪͸ֱѹƳɾƬٿͻȻ;̫ˡ
ɫһӾͳˣţҪȥ
֪ΪͻȻΪԼС죬ʱĵ
һ˵ţ̽Ŵ򿪣Сȥ
̽ȥʱ⿴һۣú˵һɲڣ𣿡
ϽӦһǣ
Ŵ˽ȥ
ȥûãϢͿ첽ӭ˳͸˯ᣬǴ㰲ź󣬾ȥ˯һ
˭֪ͻȻˡ
ģټһֱͦ˵ˣﻹҵ
һ̳ŵùȥС˲μү
ʵˣɡճ壬˵ģѹģ𣿡
սսվȻػػȷѹģջģһѹͳˡ
һ䣺ô˵ʲôѹ
С˵ÿʲô״СĿǰֻѹƳ壬ûѹģӦκ״ѹƳ
̻һ͸ģʱⶫ˵ѹ
͸Ӽ򵥵úܣûʲôĿѹ
Ǵۿ˵
ȥ
ûҾֱܾӴȥˡ
ǽƴһ¡ɳ̸սǷޣҲǳ̵ģ
һߴ·һ߽ŵ˵үջ¶ȼߣˣǧСġ
̲мһûô
˵俴һۡ
ŲôûãոԼըҪձ
ԭţĻ˵ı⣬ٽȥ
˭֪̲ûһ
ִҪȥֻܴȥ
ǳ̺ܿͿջȡģѹƳ͡
һͻȻЩջ͸һѹֿѹƳɰӵ״
þЩԶɻܹоǿµĸ¡
֪Щջ¶жߡ
±ˮ¶Ҳˡ
̿һܿʶһģߣ϶ܹѹƳƬ
һ͸עˡ
ɫһתߡ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôֿһۣ
æ˳ȥ
-

381 

սսظų˳ȥﲻͣų̵Ŀġ
λɲǺģҲ֪ʲô
ǧۺ;Ƭ£Ǿܡݣ֪
սҲ
ͷҲ뵽Ϊ˾Ƭ
֮ͣ
æҲͣ£̫
̲ЩС˼ֱӾʵճ͸ɫ
仰һֱŵķ
ת˵үճõ䷽ʱж̣С˻ա
Ҫճ͸ɫ辭飬䷽¯¡
̴ô˵аգ
⻰ŵðɫֱӹȥˣүСˡС˲ްա
ʵЩյģֻǲ˵
Ӧ£һղҪ³Ǻܲң
һۣԼ£ס˵Ļ˵
ŵʿˮǡ
תߣýһˣ¡
ǧ̫ҪƬӡ
Ϊǧ۵鷳ġ
ǧ۵ٶ̫ˣ
Ǳֺ̾;ͬʱ죬ٶҲ첻
ԭǧ䷢ǳأ뵽ǧ۴ѣ
ȥҪʱܸеĳǳضϣ
ԽԽǷ
Ӷûˡ
̾ʱ򵽵ġ
£
ţôˣЩ죬˵
̺ܿ˽ﻹŸľӡ
ۼ״̲ס࿴Ǻһۡ
Ӳ󣬲ʳУͷװʲô
϶ѲɵʲôТ
к棬ȴǺ⡣
ʲôöû
ʵʵ񣺡μʡ
۴װʲô
˵ʣѾɹճɫ͸Ƶ壬˹븸ʹĿ
Щ죺壿ɵİӣ޼ǵãŸոսɣղſգôճˣ޿
ʵͦʲôãȻհӣһʲôÿģ
Ҳͦ棬벻ͨΪҪøӽ
壬žͲʲôö
Ȼθ̣ۼȻ˵Ҫ͵øùȥ
С鲽ɿǰӹӣȻСؽӴ򿪣͵ǰ
һߣһߺؿź塣
һһЩ
嵱͸Щˮ
ô飬͸ˮɲҡˮԴĥɾƬ忴źˮͦѵҲĥƬ
뵽ܣʱ˳̴⡣
͸ˮȷʵңҪ嵱ܹˮĥƬǵܹʡ²١
ۼ壬϶Ҳϲ
ôһ룬ͼӿٶȣźǰ뿴װı壬ū澸ղſʱ򣬻Ϊˮء
һ֣ǿȡ˳
ϸһⶫ͸ˮˮ񣬲ˮûô顣
Ȼ֮üͷǻЩˮֻûˮô͸
˵ֿ̣ⶫɰճģ
Ҳس̿ȥ
ӳγˮɰӲҲ̫Զ˰ɣ
ɰճ
ȷˡȥȷǰǱϵķճġ˵˶٣Ȼ˵ص㣬ʿ֪壬ģѹƶɣ
ģѹƣһܿץסص㣬˼˵ֱģߣѹƳƽ壿
ȻģѹƳ壬ǲҲѹƳɱģ
һ̣뵽ˣҲ뵽ˡ
֪ڷʲôڴؿų̣͵ͷ
ûϸɰ֮󣬾ۻǽճɸָ״
ԶΪǰģ͸״ֱܹѹƳ
вŸոտգֻѹģߣδԹѹƾƬһĿǰֻǶĲ²⡣
⣬ոտգ˻Ǻճ͸Ҳ֪ܷƳ͸
ԶΪȻѾ֤Ǳϵ䷽УӦñֺ̾;ƾƬ
۶ʱ
ܹѹƳƬҲõľƬĲ
뵽۾뵽˲رɽµ
ǸֳɵģƬ͵ÿС
-

382 

룬ȥѱֵ̾ӡ̫࣬й
ߺų˵ܹƳ͸͵ɳ͢ܣף
·ϵʱ£Եûţֻ˵ǸʣĿǰճ͸͸ģҲ޷ʹá
ңĲ͸͸壬ͿԴǶɵ֡
οѾƬش͸ϣΪ£ĵ˯á
òճֺͻƿʽԵʹܹͣӲţ
⻰ˣһ˫۾ŭصų̣޲ð˶Ӹһ٣
ָų㡭ˣ޹£޿Ƥˣʲô˵
̸ɴعڵϣȴ˵һ壬ȲȥԲ鿴˸ʡΪ˵ʵʹ
㡭ߣۺݺݵһۣ˻ʵôģ
Ȼ˵ֻǾã͸Ƕڴϣ϶ܹ͸ЩɵֵĻҹ￴д֣Ҳô۾
ʶ۴Ƕߡ
ñǣǣĸƬɡ
ǶڴϣƯܷ硣
͸壬߾Եò͸ˡ
ǻǶڴϣ϶ࡣ
չǿңǲõ̫
һ˶գͺġ
͸壬㵽˶գҲõ̫ˡ
ο廹ܷ硣
̼ЩߣͲµǶˣǼ˵Ҳ֪ǧõ͸ִֺ񣬶ұǳ͸ڵﲻҪ
Զãֻ˽ǧ۱ɣֹôãܲ׷Ѱɣ
˶٣ֽ˵ЩŽƳģǵıֺ̾;ֵǰҷ罫ᰲŵ̾
˵ǸӣһֱЩ¡ô꣬ȻҪ˸Ϊó
գҪ˶ãܹճ͸Ƭ
ûصһۣ׻û˼ռϱĲҵô˵˵νйķϣԡ͸ֿڣԺͽвɡ
̹άʥ
һ
Сӣ
Ȣϱӣ
۹۱ǱǹģװԼʲôҲû
ûãֵ̾ӡ̫͹Ⱥ˹
Ϊǧ۵²ģҲûٱӿǧ۵ٶȣ·ϣһֱĵҪ
Խ֮˹ر졣
ûǿڣֱ˵ǶճĲ塣
һ£С̧ͷ˹ȥ
ǲֱ߹ȥģСǿ鲣壬͵ǰܹ
˿͸Ĳ壬𾪵صɴ˫ۡ
Ҫ֪ЩΪľƬ˴ȫѼˮ
ϧѼˮʼޡ
ⶫҲף˵ҪҺܾòҵһõġ
ҵʵģҲҪĥܾãܹĥҪ״
⾵Ƭٶһֱ᲻
ΪˣǼֱҪģͷ࣡
ʱôһˮĲ壬ܹ𾪣
ҪۻͷţǶҪȥˣ
ֵ̾ӡ̫Ĳ壬ԽԽǼ
ⶫ治ˮ
ң¸ո˵ճģ
ʲôյģ
Ȼƽ͸
ֱʵ鲣忴ŵˮ񣬲֪úƶɣΪԴˮ쾵Ƭ
·ϣ֪Ϊټ
ǿ鲣壬ͲµټĿģԴŵ˳
ҪվƬǧۣûգһ飬һ䷽
鲣壬Ǳϵ䷽ճġɫ͸ޱǿ֪ⲣôճģ
Ǵʧɫžסˡ
Ǳ飬Ƕ֪ġϾǧ۵ķǱ顣
ӣҲ˵
ֻһֱš
뵽ǷӾȻģ
˻̫ˣ
Ǳͷвٷ˼ļأصģļѵҲģ
-

383 ˣ

̶һ˲䣬תͷ
ǲԼͬ뵽Ǳ飬ž뵽εĹؼ
ˮ͸Ȼܹˮĥ͸
ҪǾҲΪǧ۵Ĳˣ
ܿ˵޶ۣʵڲ²ⲣճģΪ󡣡
̬ʮֹһ˫۾ȴ·ȼŻһȱˡ
ûֱۣȵҲû˷֡
۴ʱȲҪƳƬҲûȦӣֱ˵˳鲣壬ֱģѹġ
˵۵ǽѹƳɲͬ״²⣬ģѹƾƬ
Ǿã¿𣿡
⻰ٴ𾪡
ǲδƹ̣ҲͲ֪ⶫ֮Ȼǽࡣ
Ըոտ鲣ʱĻǿֲĥ
ȴû뵽ⲣȻģѹģһֱѹ͸ӣ
ܿ˵£֮ǽĲ붨Ȼû
ﰵƳһۣЩգģȻ˻ȣ⻰ֺڱǰ˷ͷգ
ҲϽ˵ҲôģⲣõˮƺǲЩ͸ĻЧ»Щ
ⲣƳľƬΣδ֪Գã֮ӦǾƳƬƷʡ
ⲣܹƬӦ취ճ͸ĲõľƬ
⻰Ҳ͵͵һۣаա
Ҳ߯ƻˣ˵ȫһ˵ˣֱ·
֪ով͸ȫ˵ģ
ڵãѾ˵ˣ˵ʲô
תת飬ͻȻ뵽ʲôʵ֪ⲣǺգ
˼Ȼܹճ壬ȻЩ֣ͣ̾ƾƬ
һ⻰ͼˣҪǽ˱֣̾ľô죿
һæ˵£ǵãǾиֳɵ
ⲣǵܹƳɾƬӦ½Ͻ˽գ
𾪵ؿ۾Բˣ²Ƿ˰ɣȻǵ˭ģ
뵽͵͵ۺͳ̿˹ȥ
ȻһͷԸӵɫܲá
ЩֻҪùˣ
Ҳ˻ãûֻ˵˽ô
ﵹãֱӾͿǻˣ
Ҳŭͷһˣ
ʱͻȻЦһΪٵı²ôռ˲Ʋ
رɽǿأѾʹ͸˱ƤһҪռȥǾñ۸ɣ
ʵһʱ鼱ûǸսĲҵΪ˾ȥʹ⡣
һ̵ߣʶԼ˵˻ѳ̸ˡ
ȳ˵֮ŵɫҰˣϽˣֻǾǧ۸ϵشԲš
ЦŴҩͬҪɳ͢Ҳδֹ̻
ǷƬδ֪㵱ԣƬĴĥǧ۵Ҳ¡
ôȲҪռ˽Ǻξģ
Ѳɣʵػģʳл֮٣
⻰һֱŵù˵ϡ
ռ˽ͰˣȻػģл֮٣
ⲻҪų꣡
˵ˣ̻䷽еĻҩһ
ֱǿʶ
£ԩڵϣݺغԩ޴⣬죡
Ҳòᡣ
սϱΪǧйսŰѲرɽǿ͸
ſգǰûǳ˳Ļ
Ȼ̵ĻҲ
˵Щʲô
ֱ֣˵
СӣȻƤˣ
۾ص˳һۣ˵˵û޽Եʹͣջ֮
ⲣܹˮƬǲ²⣬δ֤ʵ֮ǾճƬ֤£
ڲرɽ˽κ˲죬²׼ᣡ
ؿһۡ
˵Ҳôô˵Ǿѻ
϶ǧ۶첻ãǵϱ˽ˣ
˵ˣҪ϶Ǳϵݣ̫˼ɰӲճֺαսգ
Զ϶
ֱ׳Ǩŭˡ
˵֣̾Ʋ
-

384 ̥

һ۵Ļ˷ܵЦ˳ؿһۣ飬л
ٺ٣Ҫ˱º͸ôֱı̾أ
˵̫ллˣ
ȴҪѪֻ޲øԼƣ
ôô˻һ̼Ȼһȣ˵ֻ
ںˣɲǸȵģǰˡ
ԽԽǺڣȴ벻ȵİ취
ֱӸǸԵ̫ģ
ֻܱһѪﰵ⣬ȥ
ͲˣôˣܱȲ˻ŵı֣̾
Ǹ˵˵˶ӣΪѼҵܹˣǰûըòû
˵ǴƼأҽû취ǱսҲڵȻġ
޻̸֮ǲŵġ
Ǹҽס˺Щ죬϶ͱçˡνľƫƫЩ񣬸սưˡ
ΪܰѴõļҵܹˣмֱ£
㵱˱֣̾Ҳ¡
ļᶨȻҲԼļƽϡ
Ҳ˵£Ͼ֮ǰķзģʷս
벻֪С
ᵽжͣҲûס
Ȼܹճ͸Ĳ壬мֱµġ
ᵽı֣̾ɵúúʡ
¼Ȼﶼ˹϶Ǵñֺ̾;ֶղ
ܹճ͸ĲѱҪľƬճǿǴһ
ʱ򣬿ﻹҲҿ
ߣΪ֪⹷˻û
ȻˣǾ͸ƾºˡ
Ҫﱻ˻ȥҪʲô棡
ϣı龡۵ס
óЩԸ
ģЩ⡣ȻԸ϶߾ȫղĲ¡
˵ǶȥɣѾƬճ
ﶼžҪճƬѶԷȥûҵ飬ܿȥ
ǳȥ۲ųų̷𣺡˶޹£
̲Ըعȥȴʵ֪δ֮У
ߵߣ㻹ʣԼո˵ʲôҪ𣿡
ӵȷǸúúôôˣھ͸˵ʲôҪȥ˶Ǹ޷죿
ίؿߵﶼ۸ͷˣѵҪճ壬ʲ˵ʹ;Ͱˣཨɣ
㡪۱ҪŭͻȻίͷĻͻȻй˸ɾˣڳǸӸ˭޺ʱˣղ治Ѿ𣿡
˵꣬׻ǾЩ飬˵ճȷʵйⲣܷɾƬδ֪ʹ̫ЩȾƬǵУȻ˰ɣ
̻˸飺ɷˣӢ䣬ͷҶԸʲ
֪ƨô˵Ǿ˲٣ߣСӻû¾ͳȥ޵ۣ
˵Ƕˣ׸ʸĸ󡣡
⻰ֺ˲١
ȻӻЩٻТ˳
˺ö֪Тܲ
˵ǲĿɾƬҲһ
һָ˸ƨʹȻʥ
۰˰֣ˣȥɡ
̹Ϲˡ
ȥţ¡ȥûãֵµ˾͸һϢսµĸ絽ׯܹһ
Ϣ;ˣȲȥׯԲ鿴µĸ磬Ȼ˵˷ϵ¡
ϸ͹ûãЧλȷ
ԥһ£ֱӽ˹۱˸¡
˵ʱЩȣΪʲô۶ӡ
ڲķϣǼ˳̡
뵽̾Ȼ׶ģ
׵ĻǸ磡
ͷ𶯲ѣ˫ų̣˵ĸ磬ܷһ߶
˵ʣԿˣȷܹһֻҪԭĸԷЩ绹ǿôҲ̫
ô˵͸ˣɴˣ޿
˭֪ȴ˵¸ŸմֻףĿǰЧû
۶ʱˡ
-

385 𽱻

ӣ̶÷ɿ죬ÿܶȥ
׷ûã۵һĺ
۾öˣֻúˡ
ϣʵ˵磬ã
Ǿã緭ظʺѻĵء
Ҳշ˷ũ飬Ҫǲ뱻սȥ
սƺĲ٣ҪʲôԵûã
ֽ˵ãɳ͢棬Щƶ񣬹ǿѻĵء
۲ؿų̡
ԼҶʲôӣӵĻ֪ġ
ӸһϲɱɱɴĶ
ɾڸոգСӾȻ˵Ҫũߣƶ񿪿ѻĵأ
⻹Ǹ֪ɱˣ̵Ķӣ
۾ӵؿų̣㶼Ҫɶӱ˵ˣ
˿š
һʵô뵽
ֱ׳˵ǾׯĲ̫Щܹ࿪ЩĵأѻĵرÿܶջЩʳ
⻰鲻ЩӣҲ֪Ǹø˻Ǹʧ䡣
Ϊ˶ڳˣСĻԼ
Ҳá
ѾϴΪ̫ӣϴǵǳҲûʲôܻܲˡ
뵽Щؿ˳һۡ
С˵ϴ岻ãҲ֪Сӻǲǵá
˵ˣ֪ˣԺ޻ᰲȥ磬ǵãָһ
̰ʾʵ磬Ҳġ
ʵǲǸñʾһ£
Щ죺Ŷũ֮£
⡣
սһ佫֮ŮѧҽˮǧۣھȻũ¶ˣѾͷǲǶ̫˵㣿
Ҳսе࣬ԴŻɵͲˡ
սƽڼ£ϲ顣ǰĸ͸һǧĶͿʼũ飬Ҫֺׯڣùĸĺ񰮡
ũø緭̫ǳӰͻ˼磬ԡ
֪Żʺսģȴû뵽սʹ;ȻӣԿũ飡
һŮӣũ¾ͰˣȻĶǡ
ͻȻ;Լһҷ
ô಩ѧʶĳӺܹɽδĽ磬
һȺʲô
һų͢ٺ»ȻһĶϱ
ԽԽ
͵͵̲סǡ
ߣ֪ұ˰ɣ
ұͻԪֱʬλز͵ķ
ұũ飬磬뵽·ϣ뵽˸ũͼ⡣
ɱǰ֪ߵĸǿˡ
ۿŻ˶ǸӾ;
СҲ֪ڵʲôҪƤ˻飬СȢϱ
ûߵ֪ˣȷĺôһ
һʹ;ЦʥǶȸˡ
ۿЦֻøϽ
̹Ϲˡ
ߺȴ̲ס̾˿
ŽҲðѽŮѡΪ̫̫˵Ǹ
һǲɽ̫Щˡ
ǵģҵ϶ǵ壬̳ŮȻ佫֮Ů
ǰҲû˵ʲôũ֮󣬾Ȼܹ뵽Ľ硣
ϿĲŮôû뵽Щ
ôһ룬Խ̫͸ˣ̲סǨŭ˽ҡ
ҵôŮģ
νʫ鴫ңѲֻʫԣ
˺һֱ뵽𽻹ŶӣžЩ
˵ЩڶϡѾû˶Ҳ֪ܲ
뵽£ɫȥ

߳ǣⲻ䣬֮ǰͿĨĻҽø
Ǳ߾Ǳ񣬶͵͵עЩҽ
Ƕǽ޲ڱ߳ǵİȫжҪ
֮ǰûҽ޲ǽʱ򣬺ܶĻҽûס
ͷǾ㲻Ҳҷԡ
ۿŻҽø˾̲סצӡ
ű˲ע⣬͵͵ָڸĻҽǽϰ˰
͵͵ģ±˷ˡ
Ȼָһȥɵۡ
Ӳģ
̲סȥȻ͸ˡ
Ӳģ
-

386 

𽻹֪Լˡ
ŶӽԽԽòر׶ŭʲôò˳ۣԶûθڡ
ҪΪ˶̫ͳԲȥ
Ϊ£ûٳź˷𣬾Ӷ֪˶ٸ
ԽǷ꣬Խˡ
̫ҲҷذѼн˵ֻܵǽ밲ӡ
ȴͬʱҲûٹעϢ
Ϊ˰ֻ̥ɴϣÿ춼ĵúܡΪ˴ʱ䣬ԹϢ͸ע
֮ǰ״Ԫ¥Ƴֽ˸ͶƱɰòᡣ
ںֳʲôԱֽ磬žЩ
ʲôǰԵķƺôãҲ֪ӦԵġ
ʱϲ첽˽£ū澴ˣ̫ү챨ʥѧ˵
Դϲµ棿
ϲ˵ͷ̫ү˵ģԲм٣
˷ܣǾ̫ˣ״Ԫ¥ⱨֽûٹǵıֽȻ˻̼֮ʵǲĿ
游ǰ¹ԺɽĴ塣˱ֽضƳ硣ʱ򣬱Ҫϻε⣡
ǸľͷӰˣֱȲϸţβͶ̵ȥˣ
֪£ӻǱֽʹܣеҪɱɱս硣
ϲҲǲ֪ġ
֮ǰΪŮ֮£кǶһﻹҴǱߵϢ
⻰̹άԼǣ״Ԫ¥ľձȷ˹ġǶǣѾû˲ֽ֪¡ȵ̫ү˱ֽȻܹ¡
Цõ⣬Ҳôġ
ǰԱֽ˵ǽҵģɵ̫ЩһֱձԣӰ쵽ҵǲס
ԽұԼıֽС
ǵİնѾֽ֪֮£ȵҵıֽƳÿԽɶ磬¡
ʱ򣬲ڽҵ棬ҲǾձĳ⣬žձ˵˵
Ц游ѧıֽȻõġ
ϲһϽ˲ƨѽϲЦտθڶ˲١
ͬʱŰ챨ֽ
Լ鷿Ȼ챨ֽʱǻһ⡣
ǰлӡˢʱʵ֮Աǣûлȥ֡
ӡˢǸϲӡˢ
ҵ鷻ѾӪ꣬˲ӡˢ档³飬ǸҪȥ棬ֱǰĵͿӡ
һﻹҪķȥ֣
ֱҪ챨ֽ鷻˲ŷ˵Ĳ㡣
ⱨֽҪµģÿζҪ棬ü
ձÿ춼£ҪѾձȥ㲻ÿո£Ҳո°ɣ
ɾո£ƵҲ̫ˣ
ӡˢԸʺϡ
鷻Ĺֻ˽ѧ˵ӡˢĲ㣬֡
ѧΪ壬ȷѧ峵
˹µĻ̾ʶ˱ֶֽʺûӡˢԹϴӦ
Ȼˡ
Ѿ͵͵˴ˣ״Ԫ¥ʹõǦ֣Ǧǽֺ֣ľָӽʵôĥ𣬶ҿ԰øСЩ
ǣǦǽľͷ۸Ҫöࡣ
ȻҪõô࣬ӡˢĻһЩֿ϶Ҫ׳
һķѵĿɲСĿ
鷻˵׬Ǯ׬ͷҲر󣬶ÿð׬Ĵͷңʣµ
ҪǦֵĻϵǮͲýҸǮ
ѧΪ壬Ϊߣϲ̼֮£ҲδĹжǮ
һҪǮֱӴӦùȥ˷ȡǮ
ֱȥˣҲû֧ȡ̫ࡣ
Ȱձֽ֣ٶȸ죬ķҲô
ʣµģȱֽȥȻջزǮ
Ȼòӡˢǧݱֽ󣬹¾ɵˡ
ⱨֽӡˢĳɱ̫ˣ
ǰǦֵĳɱȥ˹ֽīķãһݱֽĳɱȻﵽʮģ
⻹Ϊֽ¶ǽдģûЩµʷѣ
ǰʷҲӽȥǳɱ͸ˣ
ߵĳɱȥ
״Ԫ¥һݱֽǮҲǮûرࡣ
Ѳɣ״Ԫ¥ȫڿ׬ߺȣ
Ҫǵ״Ԫ¥ÿ춼ÿϰӽȥ
Բܣ
Ҳÿôǡ
϶⣡
-

387 

ֽӡˢĳɱ̫ߣҲζŲ̫ˣȻ̫ˡ
ʮĵļ۸ѾʮֲͣǼۣǾ͸ˡ
¾ֻȰʮĵĳɱͬʱ͵͵ˣҪ״Ԫ¥ˣϢ
鷻ͽа¹ֽ֣ϼǰⰲ˰Ϣ˳ȥѧ״Ԫ¥˺鷻
Աֽϼ죬ǰ򱨵ֽ֧ͦ࣬ҵıֽ
Щ˶͵͵ձ;ǰԣڱֽļ۸Ѿ
Ե߽¹ֽ֣ļ۸һɵۡ
ձһֻǮǰһǮ
ǻΪⱨֽļ۸Ӧò̫ࡣ
뵽һݾȻʮǮ
ɲСĿ
˵ʮǮļ۸񣬸̫
Ǳֽ
һݱֽûݣȻʮĵĸ߼ۣ
Ҳ̫
ڴǰû˻ӹ󡣿ǾѾϰ˾ձ;ǰʵݵļ۸ͻȻǵʮĵĸ߼ۣЩ
˵вⱨֽ뵽Ǽ۸ﻹͦ⡣
Щ͸ҲԸģ˵ˣ˵ҳ̫ѿ
Цǣ⻰ǴӾǰԵıֽѧġ
ǰͷܻ`һЩԹ£з£ôʴڶгرǰ竵θڡ
ԡѿһܿͷȫǡ
θֱӱңɰѽ˸ˣƫƫҸ߽ѧ
ҵ˰¹ֵĹ£ʵôµģΪǼҵıֽֽôࣿͷЩô˵ģ⺦Ҳɣ
¿ӣСҲ޿κΰֽӡˢɱ͸ߴʮģСĿûϼӼۣǰճɱģ
ܴ󾪣ɱʮģôôߣ˵״Ԫ¥ľձһֻǮЩ˷ǳɱôߣҪ
⻰͸ӿɬˡ
֮ǰȥ״Ԫ¥ʲôû
ǾǰǱһţԭ
ԭձ;ǰԵӡˢɱҲߣ֮ôˣʵǿӡˢ׬ǮֻҪǵıֽԽ࣬ѾͻԽߡ
Ϣ;ˣⱨֽǽѧ԰ģ״Ԫ¥ôֱͷӡˢ棿ǵıֽдĶʥ֮ѧճȾͭ
ýѾӶ뵽ҪǸôѧ϶Ź
˵ˣᶼᣬҲ룡
֮£ֻ뷽跨ɱ
룬ܾȻʡ
Σֻ˵˵ûձȷò󣬿ʵϣǵĳɱҲߣֻ׬ĲֽǮ׬Ǯ
һ£棿
µ˵ͷձ;ǰͷ`һЩ棬ļҵĲãļҵĲζЩֻ̼ҪǮͿڱֽӡ档
ܶʱȻ£״Ԫ¥Ҳ̫ˣȻֶҲҪӡڱֽϣײͣ
¿Ц֪
ܺܿ־ǵıֽԲֽ϶ҽ壬ʥ֮ѧܸ̼֮Ϊһ̸סˣ
ͷһݣæ֤ģСףˡ
ֽ˵ɱʹﵽʮģ۸Щˣպÿݱֽһġ
⻰;ˣСȰ˵ǡһģ᲻̫Щֻʮģд˵ǰѼ۸ᵽһģĴԻϣ⡭ǲס
ȴǲΪȻ游ǵ壬¼ֵǧԸ챨¿سѾǻݼʿӡ游д£ѵʷѶգ
⻰һ¾ͲٷˣֻĵشӦ
ܿͰο赣ǣ游±ض׷ǽԸǵ̼ۣ֮ͭͬⱨֽһһݣҲӦõġ
뵽ѧݣͻȻý˵ʮǸ͵Լǣ´εıֽϼ֮СľͰѼ۸Ϊһģ
ؿһۣţ͸ȥæɡ
˳ȥص鷻
󣬰¹ֵ±ֽϼܡ
򱨵˹ȥһɫȫˡ
ҵıֽ۸ʵ̫Ը򱨵ģΪ羴ѧŴ֧֡
˭֪ⱨֽȻ˼ۣ
ϴĻʮģںȻֱӷǵһģ
һݱֽҪһģ۸ʵˡ
ҲЩǮʿӲ
ͷûôԣģҧ
Ϣ˵һ롣
ȴ֪սڱŴС
-

388 սĴ

ƽ߷߲ƽضս˵ǽҵĳҲ̫ѿˣһݱֽȻһĵĸ߼ۣô󣬾Ȼԩͷȥ򣬵ɵǮ࣡
սȴûЦ̫үǵ壬д£۸ЩҲӦá
ЧӦѧȷѧʣдҲЩʿԸ⻨߼ȥ
ƽǺܲģôԵ״Ԫ¥ıֽ̫𣿡
ս͵ձϵݸҵİ¹ıͲͬôʹˡѧ¾øЩЩʿҲԸ⻨߼ȥ
ɾձǻǹ棬Ǽ۸ˣȻࡣ㣬Ը⻨һĵĸ߼ۣ򾩳ձ
ƽʱסˣȻȻҲǲԸġ
⻰û˵Ҫʲô˵־ùⲻȥ
ƽ˵ūҲԸ⻨һȥʲô¹ıѽ
սЦֲƾ٣ǰ¹ıʲô
ƽʱˣǡǡѵҪ𣿡
˭˵Ҫˣսع𴽽ǣ¹ıôΪµȷܺáֻϧѧдٺãҲֻһ֮ԡ
ƽ⻰˷ˣô˵Ѿ뵽ˣ԰ѧǴ岻٣ֲֻһ塣д£ҲĴд°ʱ򣬿϶ܰѽҵıֽȥ
ֽɲСսЦҡҡͷѾ˸ıҾǰģҲʰ۰ˡ
ƽʱˣҪô
սûӣֱ˵˳β챨ֽһ־ͽСĿֻҪ⡶Ŀ־ȨʿӶԵϡĿΪ١ʱ򣬰¹ıʲô
⻰һƽɵۣ۾ֱ㶵ؿս
ðΣŻعͰ͵ʵӣ˵Ȩʲô˼ū
Ȼʶ֣ɾֻῴЩﶮսЩ뷨
ս벻ЦЦ㲻ҲûϵֻҪ˶ˡȥɰ˵Ըȥ
ƽûн͵˼ֻ˵ðɣūȥɰ㡣
ɰͦ죬һսʵӿʲôԸ
ս˵ԼҪ󣺡ҴĿ־Щʿӵ£ȥ֪ܹͨ£˳һЩ⣬Ȼģٰ±һᣬÿܳһ
ɰһ⻰ܿ׹뷨治⡶Ŀ־Ҽ⣬ȵϼ֮۶Ȼ𱬡
սЦ꣺ţ־עв֮ͬӭͶ塣
ν޵һ޵ڶ
־ΪĿ֣ܴʿӵߣ顣
ͷиֲͬ£ʿǿܻ֮вͬĿ
ȵ־ȥ϶յͶ塣
ֻҪȥĿȨ־ЩʿµϡĿΪ٣ҵİ¹ıʲôأ
ǺãϧԽѧݣעֻѹ壬İѱĴвѧĵλ
һǾ־ҲǡĿĶ֡
οҪ
ڰıձ;ǰԵȫͬ˵и֮ӣǿݣҲ±˵ɸ硣
ҪǸŰ־ϵ߲ɾ͸ǲסˡ
ţѧǸͷ϶
ԡĿֻҪǰڲж֡ȵʶףĿѾռȻΪȨ
ҾƤŰƵ־ҲĿĶ֡
ʱ򣬲״Ԫ¥ԽšĿһ䣬ͷд˽
ңĿ־۸ɲֽһ
Ҫ߸߶·ߣƫҪ߶г
⡶ĿȻҪ죬һھ͵ЩȨʿдģ״ͷ
¹⿿ܹ¿϶Уҳ̰æˡ
ϲҵġıͷãѾòĶˡ
ЩδضԸԼ챨ֽ
ʱдģ϶˴Ӧ
ս뵽ȴûֱȥᡣ
״Ԫ¥г̵ˣֻҪɰļƻܹ£ܹȻ֪ôҪٲġ
뵽ɰˣǱߣˣ
ɰܿ˵Ѿ˵ķһЩֻЧһ㣬Թǻڵ
սͷţǶЩ˼ֻҪ͡
־ӣֱֲͬĽΪͿ㣬ֻǹǸտʼ϶
ҵıֽһǮʲôȾرɽµɾͳӵľ۱裡
-

389 Ů·

ڣ½Ҥ¯ȼա
ȵֱðڲͣ
˿ͣزϵĺüͷţ˫ճĲƬ
˵ôȫݣûã
ֵĴʹϢŭְѾ뾡˰취ɻûⲣеݡְΪбʲôؼɣӦҶʡ
⻰ӷꡣ
ٴΰûҪû˵ǸӣǸ˻
ڵã˱֣̾ѾѲƬ˳
Ȼɹճ˲ͷȴȫݣҪθ½
˻ͬʱյĲҪѾƬȴǺ޽չԵǳûã
ʱҪθ½
ǣѾ˱֣̾Ҫѯʣ϶ȥ
һ˻ô
Ȼ֮⣬ʣµȫǵط˽
Ѿ˵˻ڱǰҲû
Ҫȥ̽Ϣ϶Ҫϡ
ĺҪԸĻǶ֣
ãǾ˽ȥ
˵һ϶˻⣬Ѿûбѡ
⣬ܱȵñ¾úá
ԾֵĴʹ˵˽ȥʣݵν
ǹ飬ɲǸ˻ͷ
飬õµȥˡ
Ҳ˵
ǧ۸ϵش󣬱¶Դ˼ΪأҲͷЮ˽
Ȼִʹȥ֮ûֱӰŸ
ԣȻճĲ˺ܶࡣ
˼֮󣬹ǽ׼ţճĲ͸ûݡ
ճ͸ûʹãþһĥС
֪󣬺ܿ˿ʶ࣡
ͬʱ̾ڡ
Ӣ常ΪֱӸǱһ򿴲ǣǲ˱¸Ĳ£ã
Цһ㶮ʲôǲʱ¹Ϊﲻۼҹȥǰˣһ£ʵĺڵúܣۼҿɲ°ѱ
ԭˣ常ӢӢȻ򣬵ЩģֻһǱǣ
ǣۼֻܱҪڱ֣̾ͱռ˱ˣճ͸Σ
ճѾԽԽ͸ҵһ͸ѾĥòˣѾռȻ
ͷ˸Ƴǧۣۼȥ¡ճûݵ͸ٴĥʱϿ϶
Ӣʱϲʤԭˣ常Ȼȵ常ǧۣǹε⣡
мߣߣʲôοǵ㿴ܱQã
Ӣ̲ס˵ӵǾãλλ˵֮ǰ˵üأ˾
ǲرɽ֮ǰǴɽûãȻҵ˲ر
ⲣ֮ǰӸûţŸգճ˲
˵˶٣Сؿɫ󣬲ּ˵常ôã̫أ˵λòǾŮ·ɣ
֮ǰλĹˮͷ˵Ű裬ñӳ˳Ĺ
ʱǲö졭ɽأĹﻹ
λ˵ڽ÷˵Ļȴһ󶪾治˵۵óĹһ
Ȼᣬȴ˵ǰɣ
ɫ˱䣬õ̾Ǳµ˼Ҫ֣Ҳֲͷϣʲôõĵģ
˶٣־ؿӢһۣҧ˵ۼҼסˣɲܶԸģǧ·
ӢС˵常ģ˵ǾŮ·أҶԸӾǵģ常
ɫ˳󾯸֮£۵ģֻԺĪҪˡ
ǸСС̫࣬治ҪԸΣ
Ӣһۣüͷٴ˵ҲĪҪ̫ģֻҪ˲£˲ǵġ
´󹦣㵱治ɵԸǣ
ɱˣܹճĹͣ
-

390 

Ӣס漴Ȼ
ǰôôҪ飡
Ժ常ԼģʱҲڣ
常᲻ٻȻɲ꣬Դ֮䣬λȴʮֹ
˵ܹճ
λ˵ǳϲ飬ũ֮󣬻Ľеĸ磬˴һñմá
֮ǰˮ࣬˵Ҳλġ
һ᣿
ˣֽ˵˾䣺ֵ̾ʱûﶢʱû
Ӣ⻰о͸ȷˡ
Ȼû֣̾ȻǲС
ȷе˵ûᣬ˵ҲӰ첻ʲô
һΪᣬǲ
뵽Ӣ˿
Ц˴Ƕˣ常ߴͽ̣Ϊӽ󡣡
ص˵ͷţЩٺòüţҪģǰñ½Ĳ¡ԸǣǾͲñʧ
ǧ¹شⲣƬ֮أһҪˣܳӣ
ֻҪǰ°ˣ¶ȻǵǵĹͣǡ
常ģһСĶţ
ۼ֪Ǹúӣȥæɡ


ս֪֮ĹĶǡ
æžӺũ¡
ڼӹ쾵ӣ˵ĳƷǺ⣬졣
Ŀ־飬򽻸״Ԫ¥ܹ£ڽܳﱸҪġ
ũǱ߲̫˳
ȷе˵ũߵ顣
ũܹһĶҪĸͲСĿˣũעҪ˴
ƫƫٶʵ̫Щ
ֹȥ˺üĹҲյʮ硣ʮ׸磬ٵ÷һ뵽̵ׯﹻ֣
սȥѯʣֻɰȥʣûа취ٶȡ
ɰ֪£Գȥʹ֮󣬾ͼҴҵظ˻
һݾ˵ӣū澶ˡʱҪͣô죬ȻͺҪѲʱ䡣
սһ㶣ͣô򣿲ֱӽ𣿡
ͣ»ɰסˣȻ佫ֶŮũ֮£治˽⣬Ǻ⣿
ս˵һɳģȻۻˮȥȴ֮״ĻٶӦûܶࡣ
ǲС
ͻȻͷ˽
Ƴƽɰ˵лҪ˵ȳȥ
֮¹ϵشЩū֪
뵽̾Щεؿսһۡ
û뵽սȻ֮¡ˣȻҪ˵࣬¿ɾ鷳ˡ
ƽɰɫƺ̫ãûҶ˳ȥ
ɰ˳ţȻƽߵԶԶģʲôĶ
ƽɫ̲࣬סɰ㣬˵үҪ˵ʲô
ⲻôġɰؿƽƽӵʱҳö࣬еĻȴܲ˵
ڵݸǰͬڵȻȴҲױ˶ϡ
Щū澵ģĽУǲС˵˻ӣɾҵˡ
ƽʱȻæ֤ǣԺˡ
ͬʱ鷿
̺ؿսձ㻹֮£
ս֪ǸԹ˵֮ǰһЩҷ˷ͷþͽ˶Լ
ʲôģȻ֪ġ
佫̫У˸ѡ
̵ȷ˲ͷҲȷ˶ô˵³̻ɡ
ĻǸˣЩ㶼ˣ
սǫһ£ûֻ÷ˡ
ķϾҪʱ棬Ķ˽ڵС
ΣÿϼصĶ֮Ϳá
Ҫÿ˵Լ֣Ҫ˻ɣ
͵͵˿
ЩûأҪսȫˣԵ̫ûˣ
ս⿴ٶȣδҲ̫Щ
ͻȻãҸʱ䣬Щ鶼СȻԺսҪ˵ʲôȴ֪սҪ
ս֪ЩС˼ֱʵո˵УΪʲôֱɳģٶȿ϶öࡣ
ȻУԭ򡭡ͻȻЦױһ£͸㡣
-

391 ̺

ս𾪵ؿų̣ôҲû뵽Ȼܹ˵Ļ
һ£
̵ĵԽԽѽ
۾ų̡
ƺЩڣЩˣôһֱű㲻֪𣿡
սԭȥȻԼЩЦ
һ̣ѵˮһ¡
˲Բ۾սȻ𾪻ˡ
սƳһۣ˵˰ɣ
ƺɵˣ˵㡭ոա
ս治ɫΨ͸ֲΪȻҸոôˣǰԼ˵Ҫ𣿡
̾Ἣˡ
ԼķӦ̫ͬʱ־սķӦ̫ƽˡ
ңովôһ˵Ҫսˡ
˭֪Ȼĸң
ôãսһŮӣȻһ˻Щ
Ǹ˭ѧģ
ԽԽƣͻȻս֮ǰ˵ϲ֮Ļ˲˾
սǱЩòŮ̻ˣ
Щʵ㲻̫𣿵˭̵Щ
սû뵽һүȻô̲ס͵͵˸ۡ
Ȼֱ׳˵ûԹ⣬û𣿻϶ôдģ
ԴŭϾȻ˷绯ĶЩ˵׻ǸʲôԵģ
սͻȻֺܲõԤУ
̸òᡭŴݾɣ
˻ĻǲٻҪˡ
ͷĻд͹ٻŮ֮ķ绨ѩ£ʲôŮƯ꾫·ŮΪĳ㣬Լϯ

̿ӻûЩģ֪ˣЩҪ군ˡ
ս뵽һû顣
Ҫ˵Щ۲Ļԭ͸ýý̻Щ治µС
Ҫô˶дЩŮĻ
͵͵żƻȴ֪Щ˼ƺЩʲô͸Ӳʹˡ
ԽᶨҪЩ˼ȴʵ㲻֪Ϊʲôܽ𣿡
սʵԸ˵ˣ
ƺ;ЩǱèצһ¡
һȻɫһ˵ˮҪôҪô̫̫࣬κ󣬻ҪֵĲãʱ̡
Ҫǣ֮ǳ֮͢أֻڳ͢Ŷ֮ȻЩҪæŴйũߣ
սô˵üͷ
ǵãڵַΪַͬʱֽŸַǽɰ糤ָͷıƬȻѱƬٰƬͷ
ƬͿཬͷҪǹƲЬȻ¯ա
ڻ֮ˮͻͷƬ֮УںһʱȡȻ󻹵üô
֮󣬾ͿԴɸ֡
ְ취ʵıҴĸҲȣƷʲߡ
ֶΣַֹ̫Щ
ЧҲرõ͡
ٶַֹֻ֮һչΪոֱַӼסڻĦˮ
ٺܿڵİ취ǽˮепڣټԴ
ְ취ıУȻ㲻ʲô
İ취ȻҪڵĹַҪö࣬ʺϴģС
ȻıƷһ㣬ıûȣʿũߣǷǳġ
ֻҪĻܿڵİ취ͲˣÿĦİ취
Щȡɵİ취ֱֵĻǿֱƷʲĸˮ챦
ֻ첻ףһóոַܿڵİ취϶Ҫ𶯡
ҪƳ֣Ҳ̫עˡ
ٵȵȡ
ûս£ܿڶĵѾˡƳַͲʼįۣǸˡ
սĥһ̽ʳ̣̣ǿԽСԼũ𣿡
һҡͷϾʵ̫ˡ
ϾΪ췴͵͵˸
ǿսͲ˵ܾĻ
ʵΪҪԼũߣ
ս͵ٶ̫ˣҿˣЩ軧͹ũũ߸ͲУһЩũߣǹ⿿Щ̣ٶ̫ˡ
ԥ˵⡭Ƚʸʵ˼
-

392 Żʵ

̫ˣ̼ΪҲ
Ǿǣ֪˫۾սǸûҪ˿һͼı
ɾԩˣ
±ʾʲС
ھǣҲǼ¡
ڷأ˭ǽֻΪ˴ũߣ
ǾͲһˣǲģڷﶢš
һ˭
̺ܿ˹
һҪũߣֱӾɵˡ۾ĿϬų̣ո˵Ϊ˴ũߣ㽨
֪ºУֱ˵Ĵٶ̫ˣԶ룬⽨רŴũߡ֮⣬ԴһЩũߡ
ûʲôûʲôõˣϣܹ͸ˣ
ǰǾ仰ǽôԭ򣬺Ļίظۣ˼ˡ
ԭɳ˲е˼⻰ɫǺÿ˼֡
ֻ˽Щ⣺ǴһЩũ߰ˣֵ⽨
֪ۿ϶⣬뵽սǾȡһ¡
սѵҪΰˣս˵ûá
ЧΣѾ֪Ȼô꣬ȴֶ
Զãָǣ⽨רŴũߡܹõũߣҲ츣ա
ⷬҲ̲ס
ǰȷʵûЩ
ˮ࣬ǧۣܣ磬ЩȻȫսģ
ôܹɽѧ峵ĹԱȻһŮӶ磬Ҫкã
ų͢ٺ»Ȼ첻Ư£һŮӸȥ
Խ룬ԽǾЩٺ»ι˹
һʹӦ˳̣аɣ¾ԡֵҲûõˣԺҼȥ㡣
̼Ӧˣ̳ȴʵʣںδȽϺã
˵ͽڰɡ
ʱȥ˶ͬʱҲ˳һ˽
۵ųû췴˻ѧղļ͵͵ȥ˽쾵Ƭ
һֱ˶űֺ̾;ֵĽȣ֪̾ǱѾճ͸ڴĥճ˸Ϊ͸Ĳͬ͸
ֻȴĥ֮󣬾ܹ֪Щ͸Ч
ǱߵĽȾЩˡҪ͵͵ȥڶڸЩġ
뵽̲סҡͷԹǰ˸ˡ
Ȼһ̲סսźѡ
ǵģսôǸŮأ
ҪǸӣƾЩ빤ˡ
תһ룬־սŮҲ
ŮӣܼңΪԼˣ
뵽սЩͷͻȻһųʵԼģϱģ
ԥһ˲ʵ˵˳ϣĴ̫ˡе˼ũͶЩׯͷЩ軧ũ߲ãһЩõĳ
⻰˼͸Ծˣô˵Ѿ˱ũߣ
˵뵽ʲôûʹҲ֪ǲĺáֻеЩũߴܹ֪
ô˵ڴ
ǵܹһЩõũߣǼ¡
οƤӵ£Ҳõͷʲô顣
ôһ룬ЩȲҪ޽ˡ
˵޻ᾡ찲ţǵõũߣ޾͸Ǽһ
ȴʵʣ޽Ǯ
⻰;ųû˵ԼͣԼҪģũҲΪԼׯѵ㻹޸Ǯ
ǮǾԲ͵ģ
رɽڳЩֻҪһ䣬ʣµȫСˣСӾȻǮ

ͲµԲ⡣
ܿ˵ʣûǮܲöȥϵļױɣ
˲㲻˼ϱļױͺ˼ҪǮ𣿡
̸Ͻ͵ˣֻ˵òǮʱ򻹵ǮũߣǷùУ
-

393 ۱

һ̵Ļ˲˼Ц㻹ǸˣЩũ߰ˣ޻ۣ
̹ά˵ûЩũ߶ѣῴϣǶˡ
۲мһ
뵽ͻȻһתȻʲϡũߣ͹ϣûɣ
ǵ˼˵ˣǵũߣ޻ϣ
Ǹ˶ѵΪӣܵǶϱũ߲ɣ
ʵҲӦòǣȻûǣǰãۻڵս
̫УûֱҪΪս˽
ũߣܲռȥ˰ɣ
ô
ۺǲˬ̵̬ȣȴ֪Ҫ˶ã͵ñݺݴ
Ǽ顣
̫Ҫ֮͸أй¶ȥ
ΧǽǾԲٵġ
֮⣬޽¯ͳ
ˮ࣬޽˺ֻܶ࣬ҪõػЩ߽¾ܽá
֪սũ¼Ϊأĵ˴ԼݣٶȳͼֽȻͷ˴߽Ӱӵ޼
ͽڣԱ߻и޽
֮ǰͿʼ޽ˣⶫôУս˴󣬾˿ˡ
뵽޽Ƕ̫𽡣
ǹͷĵҪǽ𽲽ƣùŮŻʺĻ޻ֳһ¡
뵽޽
ҲҪ£Ͱ޽ԱߡһĽֱ̿ӾͿʹá
ԺճĽ̿
һϰѵظռˡ
۵ʹսһǧĶأ˲رɽ⣬ͷƽѾʣʲôˡ
޽˿ûӰ쵽Ĺǡ
Ѿֳ˺ü䣬ֱͬĹ
վӵģģεġ
ﻹƶϸĸͽƶȡ
ֻҪ˹ģݹʹС뽱
սľӣֻҪˣܵõ
Ĵ̼£ĵ죬ɹսҪľӣ
֮Ĺ¾ȲشǶõľӣԵս
սһˣ̼
ǳ̰ŵģսʱ̬ʮֹ
ݺ͹ֱսȫ̶û̧ͷȥս
ֻǰѴĺӽɰתս
ɰź͵սǰʱսͿﾲ澵ӡ
澵Ӷֻаƴ󣬾Բ״
ߵľõǻͭľұߵľõĻƽ
Ϊ澵ӷһԶԱҲ͸ԡ
ֻҪ۾Ϲģ׾ٿұߵľҪߵľ࣬ҲΪ
ߵľ΢Щ
ʵϽĹⷴǿԵʡ
ԿͲѩ
ٿұߵľӣҪԽܶࡣ
֪ʱ򣬽澵ӷһôɵӣҲܿ־Ӹá
ÿ̼ѡ
սѡ
û
Ϊ⾵ӣǲģ
һʼ쾵ӵʱ򣬹ѡɫĽӣԵԼǸС
ֱֽˮǦͰ
ڳ֮󣬺ܿͰǦֽųˡΪǦⶫڣˮӦֻ֮÷ǳֲڣûɾӡ
Բһ칦սԭҪ־ӣֻʣ֡
һˮɵˮӣһ־Ӧɵİӡ
ˮӵЧûаӵЧôá
ǿΪһ۵ľӣռͶг
ͭˣοⶫҪ޲ͨ˼Ŀõ
Ժܶ˶ֱӴˮա
ǽˮӵͼ۳ۣԸ˿϶١
⣬ˮеģһЩͭҲô
ͭ渲һ㱡ĤͿĨˮˮú󣬾ͻͭγһϽıĤճͷˡ
ֻˮж׻ӷľӣò˶þͻԽԽģҪ޲
ֱӽͭĥ쳣⻬Ҳˡͭĥ֮󣬱Ӵ˾ͻͬԽԽģҪĥ
񣬲ǰͭ͸Ĳˡ
򵥵ĵȻѲЩƾˡ
Ȼ»Ǻܲ˳
˰ϷӺսͷһص⡣
-

394 ˶εİ취

ĹصعƾĽˣЩǰͭģɲ˵Щϰߣƾųɫգܿò˾ӡ
ʱõӺͬžǰս
ȻսľӺ󣬾ͷиء
ʱľҲǶõģǣǶӵʱ򣬾ȻϽͿΪ˾ӱ棬ˡ
ⲻǿô
ˮжһ᲻ϻӷֱӽӴĻˮϻӷͿض᲻ϰ䡣
һӰ쾵ӵʹþӴ壡
ֱӸ߹£ҪϽͿĨһɫϣϽܷ
ĻˣɵͿĨ֮Ҫôˡ
սû
֪ϰʹͭͭ͸õͿĨϽһˡ
ǳɵϰߺ;飬ͻȻɲû뵽͸һˡ
սشž뿪ˡ
ȲԼһѩǰܡ
ˮȻȽףҪðӣȴûô򵥡
Ҫðӣ͵þӦ
ӦҪõǣˮơ
ֳΪⶫǹŴеģʯҸܵõǱȽϺŪ
ʣµģǣˮ͵׼
ȽϺŪۼҺͷͿԵõҺ
ʣµİˮҩɰҪɷ־Ȼ泥Һ֮ͿԵõùӰѰˮͿԵõˮ
ˮ׻ӷɫĲƿװ
֮ǰһɫĲƿвܣͲ֮
ǣⶫͦ鷳
ִʹǻøˮ׵۵İ취Եõǡ
ǻøⶫҪ֣Ȼ·ͣپˣŨĲ裬ܹ
֣Ͳס
ϸСҪԹӣȻٴͷѡӣͷ
ͷ͵õ΢Ȼ¶Ⱥ㶨
еļͲܡ
ԾǻøˮܹǣսҲֻ˶ΣѡϷӡ
Ҳǽ׵ۻۼȵһٶȣϡˮ⡣
ַĲҪʹǻøͲ٣á
ֻ׺ĿռţͷûС
սռȻѷ˲׺ֱܲóֶ̫ˣԵúܣ˭Ƽ˶ûɡ
˸еķӣԼ͵͵һǾɰĹ¡
Ǿ壬žǰɫķĩʳΣȴġ
ĶȻ׻ôۡ
ս˵ǣҲû˻֪ʲô
ǴӺģȻֻ֣Ϊǡ
Ȳõ˻ɣܱ䷽
ֻϧӦڹ˵Щ
ǰ˺ü죬ǰսҪľӸˡ
սź澵ӣԽԽ⡣
ܿһϵеļƻ
ɰ˵ɰ֪ͨ¥ǱߣǾϳһƪţ˵ҪðӣϲϵüıֽҪǸϲͷں졣
ֶĹ˵Թ£δľӺܲҺ⡣ȥдݱ棬ÿ˵ĹдԺᷢ½͡
˶٣ּ˵У˱֮⣬ȥùǶЩӳƼֿʽ
СдߺɰЯġ֣иֱյġ
⣬øЩױɵߵĴ¾
˾ӵĿʽҲƳɲͬĿʽʹòͬĲϡ
˵ͻȻ뵽ʲôֶɰ˵ˣɰ֮ǰ׼ӣõˣ
ɰϽ˵ӵĻѾõòˡ
սص˵ͷǾͺãȵӿ֮ϼһʽľӡпѯʣ͸ǿԿͨ˽˶ƣѡͬľʽϡ
ɰڶѾ˲ټ⣬⻰˷ܵ˵˵취ãЩǮģ϶ϲرĿʽ
սЦЦţʱˮӿЩǶľͨľЩƽͷҲϡ
̲ס˵ӹȻƣȻЩƽͷն뵽ˣ
սЦ
ôɲȫΪġ
-

395 ¾㱸

ͭ˵ǾԵݳƷ
ʲôࣿ
Ȼˣ
ҲϾӣЩ˵ǸǶ𶯣
ʱҪȥľӾ¡
ǶĹЧӦ
ҪһǮֻҪһЩ۵ˮӣͿԴﵽЧɵӣŲȥ
οֻǵͼ۳۾ӶѣֲⱾ⡣
ֶΪأ
ײ֪սЩ˼άûܿ͸ˡ
ɰǸһȥģȥ״Ԫ¥ֽ顣
ʱʱ仹磬ıֽûʼŰӡˢøˡ
ܹ¿Щ⣬ѾоˣһɰҴҶͲµ϶սʲôԸæ뵽˺Ժ
Сʵ£ʲôԸ
ɰѾսΪ֣һֱսź򣬰
ܹµ˼ʶ֪ŮӣֶȴΪ
Լ󣬶ƺΪ£ΪŮӣ
ɰ˵ͷ˵Ҫڱֽϼһƪ£˵Ҫðӡ
ܹһ⻰;ˣֶҲɾӣ
ɰЦŷΪβܣܹҲΪЧôãʱ޵ķʸ飿ʵɣѾ˳ٹþͻϼܳۡ
Ǳ˶֪⾵ӡ¸дܹӦװɣ
ܹѾһʱıֽҲ˲ٹ档һɰ˵սĿģ֪¸дˡ
æ˵ӷģĳ˽д֤ƪµǳȥ˶֪⾵ӣ
ܹ£Ƿĵġ⾵ӼֵǣӼΪأܹ¶Щ˼
ɰ˵˶ֽʵˣ֮ǰӽġĿ־֪׼ˣ
ܹ˵еĸѾ׼ˣ־ı༭Ű棬ŰúҾ˾ӡˢ壬ġ
ɰ˵ͷӶ־ΪأҲܴˣǵÿЩźáˣװӡоˣ־ô£ûҪвͼźá
ܹװӡĸ֣̲סЦĳҪ˵أԴװӡһ£ĳýоˣѾ˲ĳɹĿǰѾ׼һЩͼ棬ӡˢ־ʱÿԡ
ɰ⻰ЦǾͺãһֱ뽫ũĳɲͼ汾װӡũ黭Ϳӡˢˡ
ܹѾװӡЧԵ˵ͷ˵ˣӡЧʮֲԺ󲻹ӡˢֽӡ飬Լϲͼ˲ͼǵıֽ϶ܹ
˶٣̲סάܵȻܹ뵽ũĳɲͼ汾һӡˢضܹ£
Ҳǿũģѧʶڿ
ȻЩɬ֣вͼֱ׶
Щʶֵİ׶ͼҲһ۾˼
ɲڵũǿ̫ࣿ
սΪŮӣֹΪȴܹ뵽Щǰ֮
ղǷ˵ʵ⣬ֻΪ˹άֺá
ɰܹµĹά˿û⣬ЦЦһ˵ôɲΪ
ũ£ϣЩʶֵũ˶֪ô
ũдӦǸЩũ˿ģǲʶ֣ũͷдĶǰװ˷ѣ
˵س˳ǣֽ˵˵ɣܹ¾д£ӡıֽͷǵİն֪⾵ӡ
ܹ±֣صص˵ͷû⣬ĳȥ졣
ɰ˵ͷһ£ȸˣܹȥæɡ
˵뿪״Ԫ¥ȥ˸ڲԶڲеĵ̡
̻ûȡҲûϣͷѾװϣֻʣһЩá
ɰȥ֮󣬽˼䣬ִҴææػ
ʱ򣬳һš
ùźս͸澵ӡ
Ӻ󣬵ǺܾȡΪ֮ǰѾսʹõľӡ
̻˾䣺⾵ӡģ
ս˵ͷǰûвľӣò־ӣԺ󻹿ɵߵĴ¾
Щ˷ܣ˻棿
ߵľӣɲס
ΪҲûôľӡ
ս˵òӣɵߵĴС
Ҳ̫ϡˣ
-

396 𾪵ľ

սƳ˳һۣѵãһƭ㣿
̸æĿڣȻ˼
ȻѸת⣬ֵߵľӣĸûеģȾʿ϶ϡ
սøƽϣֱ˵ԼĿģѾ׼òˣֻǻûȡҲûá簢ȡ֣ٸң
һϲУ⾵һǸͽб¥ˡ
˵Ȳȡīֽ⣬ֽдˡ¥֡
дúܲϾ󣬴СĽǺܲġ㲻ϲ飬ȴһʺ֡
ֻһд֣ܿԸ
¥дâ¶͸ֽ
ս֮󣬵Ҳû
ȻſЩҲ͸Źɰʮʺ⾵ӵıƸ
ȳߺսɰȥҡ
ڶһ磬ձһ˳ȥ
ʵϣžձ״Ԫ¥Ƴ˱ֽķ
Զһ£һȣǰ꣬һꡣ
ǶþãԵõ
ֽÿһ磬ͻר˽ֽ͵ϣȷܹһʱ俴ֽ
񣬶ֽѾﵽǧ
˵һ£Ҳǳˡ
Ҫ֪ǻÿ˼ңıֽɲֹһݡ
Ȩ࣬˼ҲࡣЩԹʹ˼ң˿ڿɲ١
˿һֽ࣬ʱȻֻһݡ
ܼܲʮϰٿ˻ഫſɣ
ǻЦ
ֲֽһݲǮÿһٷݣҲǮһҲᡣ
ǮڴԹʹ˼˵ʲô
ҵıֽΪ̫ÿڶδܹһǧݡ
ĴٹȻ࣬Ǻܶ佫ѫǲϲҵЩ£ϲձ;ǰԡ
ձͷÿζвĹ棬ǰͷвȤԹ£ʺʱ䡣
˵ֱֽɱȽҵİ¹ı˼ˡ
죬žձͳԽԽ˿˾ӵϢ
Ϣܿ˵顣
ǾǸݺ;¥ͷ˶ۡ
ðӣƭ˵İɣ
ǣӲͭôôӣ
Ͳ֪ˣ˵ˮҲɾӣ
ʲôˮɾӣ϶ڴţˮôӣ
ƭʲôϢǴͷģ
˵ָָ죬ַɿջָ˵˵ҹʱʺһ澵ӣǾյʮˮɵģ
ⷬ˵ʮС±˭ˡ
˶٣ֽ˵һ˵ʱܶǧǶƼǾӣ˴Ҫһأ
⻰̲ס˵û֪ǰʱ䣬ȷвڴӵ£
ô˵ĻԴ֮ϵˮȫ˸ȥѵΪԵʣ
˳ˣ
˵ˮĿɾӣľӵʲô
Ͳˣ϶ǺöȻϲ𣿡
Ҳǹ⾵ѵð𣿡
˭֪أȻϱˣӦÿ԰ɣ
Ҳ֪ľӻʲôҪƾͺˡ
㻹룡ðľӣǿ϶ǼֵǰƼ

ǰ۷׷ףĴԹǣҲϢ
Ůǣ
μӹʱս͸Żʺǵڴ˵ģ
˶澵ӡ
λԶЩûܿýЩĿɶˡ
ԴǴο֮Ǿһֱݵʱ򣬶̲ס¡
ȻȻģϢʹˡ
ŮǵǵĲǾӣս͵Ŀں죬ױˢЩͬ
ʹģǸ̫̫ϻΪûܵţΪϻ
˵ˮɵģҲ
뵽ƷʺõˮȫȥҲط
νòĲõġ
ΪһֱòЩŮǾ͸ˡ
Ůƽڼģձ;ǰ󣬾ͳǴʱĶ
ǾձͷصĻǿǵĹ棬ǵͷá
ԶֽͷȻвŮ졣
ŮǵǾӿɲһˣһֽϵϢﻹס
ȻȲߵѾ߳ȥϢˣ
ܹǣΪӵԵʣһıֱֽ
ˣкܶܵ״Ԫ¥̽ӵ£
ܹϢ󣬾ȵ۾ԲˣȻô˴ӵϢǵȱ¥ţżҪ˲ȶˣ
-

397 ̳

֪ͷ۾ӵϢܹ¼ܹкж𱬣
Ǹ棬;ĳȡ
ţ̲ס˼˵ӺͦģҪҪȥӣӸأһʱ̫ãô죿
ܹԽԽпܣȥɰæˡ
ǲֱȥսģҪΪС¾ȥս֪Ź
뵽̣ܹ¾̲סƲƲ졣
Ϊ֪Ǹ̳ӣ
ûӼΣͻȻɰź򣬰Ӵ
Ǵ̳ʲô
ߣˣ
£ɰæˡҪȥӣ֪ˣõӣҲס
ܹ»ǵش̣һϾӵ˿ɲ
Ѱ֪ϢҲ۰ˡ
һЩرˣȴܹһ˾ӵ⡣
糯֮󣬳ųԶϢʱ򣬾˸ıֽ
ҪðӺ˲伤ˡ
Ҳӣ
ۼؿʼ˵ʺȷһ澵ӣͭܲһˮģյûرѲɣҪ־ӣ
Աźû˵˵ʺǶľӾȥģ⾩ձ״Ԫ¥ģϢд
۵˵ͷȻ²ʵôһ˵޵ˡˮͦ񣬼ȻˮܹɾӣⲣȻҲɾӡ
ƷˮѵãⲣȴҪپճ١ֻǣҪôɾӣŵͦ˼
˵ͷ
͵Żʺǿ龵
ϧ׸Żʺģܸܲϱһ龵Ӱɣ
Ƕඪˣ
ֲûӣ
ԴŻʺע⣬͵͵澵չ֮Щͭˡ
ʹͭʱûãˮӺŷ֣ͭԶˣ
ϧһ龵ӣֲøŻʺֻ͵͵۲
ںˣ⾵ӶѾ˱ֽ϶ѾƷˣ
Ϊ֪״Ԫ¥ĶҾϸӡ
ȻڱֽϿǾӵϢ϶Ѿаˡ
ȻҪʧˣҪֳЦ
۵ţȻ뵽ͻȻЩˬˡ
˾ӣȻҲ֪Тʣ
Уðѳʣ
ȥ̡
һߣѲŲš
Ҳ˱ֽһӵϢȲҵ˳̣ʾӵ¶
Ѻʣ磬Ŀӣ
һĪģֽô˵ģȻġ
ʵϣѹͲ֪ӵôġ
˵ͷ˶ţΪÿҪͦ࣬һֱ
ͷ͸Ȼ
⾵ôճģ治
ǿ˱ֽ֪սľӾȻʹðģ
ԣõӦɫĲ
ֽνǸ˶Ŀˡ
뵽̲̾סЦսһƯ
ȸӴͷڸ˾ʵòʵ

̵ţһӣͲõʵʲô֪ӵ䷽
Ҫ˵룬ŲŸ㣡
ȷʵܺôӵģһѿɫ˲ˡ
뵽սĲҵϽԴǵ˵磬ҵʲôˣôҵģ
ɩӵĲҵܵҾٻˣҲܵɩӵĶҾ̫ˣȻҲɾӣ㲻̫𣿡
ûصһۣʲôģͭɾӣƾʲôԣ
Щǣôû˵ðӰ
Ȼߵ̫
ӿϱģܱ
û뵽Ȼô˵׶ˣðɣ̫
˶٣ʵ磬ľ𣿡
̵̧°ͣȻǼģ뿴ĻԽա
Ѷʱģ
һóһСӡ
⾵ģȽСɣװںɰͷ
ó󣬴򿪸ӣͻ¶ͷľӡ
̹ڳǰ԰ڣ˵⾵ӿɩ͸ġ
𾪵ؿž¶죬⿴Ҳ̫ˣ
-

398 ̫˼ˣ

ѵľʱˣͶˣǿòɩ͸
ҫģ磬Ҳ̫Ҹ˰ɣɩӾȻô
̵˵ǣȻ
ѣУˡ
̫ƫˣͶҲ̫ˡ
ͬǿأԭڵǸõģ
Ҫ֪ҲԸް
һ۾Ϳʲô̲סصһۣСӿǧ˼룬ҪǸҶ˼ôʰ㣡
⻰Ͳˣ뵽Ķȥˣǿֵܣܶʲô˼
˶٣ͻȻһת磬ӦжľӰɣܲһ桭ܲܶҼ棿
⾵ɲףոӵúܣҪôһ澵ӣǼ򵥵顣
̹˵ÿţƫƫһı飬˸ɲ
˵ҪӵĻǵ˸ľ˵ɡ
Ѷʱˡ
ʱͻȻ˹
ȸȻȲ˵£ټ¾ȥ
һ;ˣټ֪ʲô𣿡
û˼˵ҳ̹ȥʾӵ¡
ЦøĪ⣺Ͳū֪ˣɡ
룬ɴ˵ǱҲȥ
ҪҶ絽ʲô£
֪ΪʲôȻǸΪ˾ӡ
̫˼ˡ
϶ˣ
ľԼˣֱųһۡ
۰ʮ࣬һۣȻųʵ˵ʮ֣ǿ˵ʲô
ʵ˳һ̻
ʲô
ûʲô
̾ûôúŪˣֱӿżɽʵʿǾ֮£
ͻȻ𴩵˲
õص˳һۣȻʵԭû⾵֮£޵ȷš
ȻǾ˵˵⾵ӡ˵ľձͷһţ˵Ҫðӡ
֪
̵˵ͷʵˣȷд¡
ͻȻӣõһ㻹˵˵˵⾵ӵô£ֽ˵ĵǼ٣
ͻȻعζ
ټ磬Ϊ⾵ӵ°
뵽̸СӣͻȻתת飬վ˵ʣ¶Ѿʹˡ
˵ɩѾð˾ӣ͸ǾӾͲڶҪǲţöóһ
̾صüۣѶŸʵ˵ˣҪǲѾóһؿɲù
ֻó˾ӣЩĵ˵뿴
ۿóСӣ;ˡ
Ϊһ֮ͬʱǸʣӵĶ
һ澵ӶѣŲϡ
ĵߣʵ⾵ӵʹðģ
СؿһۣƺûҪ˼Щᡣ
һֱź᲻֪ͦ⾵ӣ
ڣѾóˣôͻȻˣ
ѵǲ뿴ˣ
Ȼ룬ûʾ£Ͳ
һ治뿴ͻȻùȥǴ۵ô
̿ɲôģֱ˵ʣݶ֪⾵ӵȷ˰ûõǲ
ͻȻЦһô˵쾵ӣ⵹ϡˡ
̲ס˵⾵Ӳϡ棬ʱ˺֣ʮֺá
ۿ̣û˵
ĵһε˵ʣ쾵ӣľҪǶھͷźÿ
ѾԸȥһǰδеľӣȾ֮󣬾ȸʡ
۱Щ⻰ʱࡣ
ؿ˳һۣˡ
̸ϽǫǶġ
һԵĳѶʱɵۣĲһ
û¶Ը磬ոչô˵øʰѳ̵ľӸûˡ
뵽ҪӣͲᡣ
ҲƻúܣȻ˵һǰδеľӣҪ׸ʣ
⻰ﻹ˼ûľ
ģ뵽֮ǰĻ棬̲סʵ磬֪ӣ
ĺҪ
̵һЦҪȰԤҪ٣
ͬʱ
սڸ顣
-

399 ս

ڳ̱۽ȥʻʱս顣
ɰһ
ǣھﵽ۰ӵʱĳͨĺԺڣܱдŸӡ
⣬û֪ͨĺԺʵǡǰԡֽܲ
еİԱֽҲͨͨĺԺӡˢġ
ӡˢõıֽڴһ类͵
Աֽϵ廨ţиָĻţʮʺʱ䡣
ԴӡǰԡУձ˸ֺ̨󣬾ھԽԽֻȡձѷһ
ܡձ͡ǰԡ֮󣬸ӡˢֽ˲٣ȻûнΪȽӡˢ㹻Ļ֣ǵӡˢɱһֱȥ
۹λ׬òֽ࣬ӡˢҲϲȥ
ڱֽϿǹ棬ҪЧãȻҪֽöС
̻ǿɲɵӣС̻òǮ棬ϱֽģǴ̻
Ȼܹ̻ĸ򵥣
һȫϺƵġ
տʼ̫ⱨֽϵĹǸʲôСձǰԡǰ
ֻ̻Ҫȥұֽѯʹģͻ֪λļ۸ֽϢϢء
Щߵıֽ㺰߼Ҳûɵӻϵ
͵£Ȼ˺üֱֽɶռͷģǡձ
ǰԡһռŵڶλңңȡ
ǰԡͣ濯ʲô£϶ܹٶȴǶ֪
һΣսǹ⡶ǰԡ¡
ձѾǹӵϢٿһƪƵûʲô˼
ǶľӣǡǰԡϿһƪ£϶ܹ飬Ѿ⳴øȣ
ɵǣս뵽㣬һЩ챨ֽĴҲ뵽ˡ
챨ֽкüңˡձ͡ǰԡ֮⣬ֽǺܸߣǧӡ
ҵġ¹ıΪرΪͷȫЩѧ£ʿǵ׷
ҪǼ۸ĹһݱֽҪһǮܸЩ
¹ıߵǸ߱Ƹ񣬼֪ھܶ˶۾ӣҲûô⡣
СͲһˡ
Ϊ˴ٽЩǽʦͨ˲׽źŵ͡
Ƕ۾ӣǵȻϷŹᣡ
Գˡ¹ı͡ձ֮⣬ʣµıȻȫ׫дھӵ¡
ЩͷǡǰԡôΪ󵨡
˭֪ĲҵνİӲãҲûֱеġ
Щ챨ֽģɵﲻʵȨʥŨ
ΨСǰԡս֮£дΪ̣ѹ³̹
Ǿڵڶ죬ǰԡȫɵˡ
Ȼһƪ£ݺˡձھӵݣ˵ƾδţ޻̸֮
СֽͷȻҲ˹ھӵ£ôʾҪСĽˡ
ӵ˿ɲ
⡶ԱֽһУͿòﶼϰ¡
ЩԹǡ
Դ졶ձ˾ӵϢǾĦȭƵص⾵
뵽Źȥһ죬ǰԡ֣
ƪһǳ͸ˮƵģɰѲˡ
լŮǣҪˡ
⡶ǰԡô£ƾʲô˵ɾӣ
ǻȡ裡統գƵģޱȣյ˺֣д
ߣ˭֪г͵оһȺ֪СԼûʶ˵ܣǿЦ
ŮֻҪǿǰԡģߣûڼˡ
ǿ͵ˣϧⶫʵϡӶûȥ
ô죬㿴һЩϣ
ʲôǰԡȻ˵ܣ
ⲻǹ
ŮòᣬܶҲˡ
ֻǵҪû˼˵ԼҲǾӣֻ˽䡣
Ȼǰԡȴֱ
šǰԡۣ۾ӵ˾͸ˡ
⣬˭Ҳ֪սƪ£ͰѾӸĻȡ
ǰԡкĵڶ죬°ġձͷٴοһƪھӵ¡
ƪ´Ƿǰԡƪеġ
ұֽộһʹ˺ü죬ĿϾӡ
-

400 ̫ӵİ

ÿıֽＸѾû˲֪֮¡
û֪ǣͷĻ̫ӳҲӡ
Ŵӹ⴫ȥıֽǺ棬ڴ̲סź̫ࣺ̩˵ܹɾ𣿡
֪̫ӳҲǺϲվӵġ
ǳ֣òԼԵʣˡ
Գÿ춼͵͵վӣҪҳƵĵطԴοԼ
ÿ춼ʣվӵĴ͸Ƶˡ
ÿ춼Ҫ͵͵óƣûһЩ
ϧ˺ü£ƺҲûʲôЧ
ÿվӣ̲סʧ
ͻȻ˵ɾӣ̲ס
ͬʱŻʺ澵Ӻ治ѡ
ϧΪ̫ӣдӡ
ֱܲȥŻʺ辵ӿɣ
Ҳ̫ûϢˡ
ŻʺľӺúܣƫֲȥֻĬĬ
ֱֽϵϢֶ˼
Ҫǰ˺ֵľӣ뿴ѽ
ֻ˵ͭӵģû˵Ҳɾӡ
Ҳ֪ôġ
ԽԽ档
̩С˵ȻѾ˱ֽİɡֻū澼ʶޣʵ󲻳ðҪô쾵ӡ
Ƶ˵ⲻ㣬Ҳ벻һ˵Ĵ
˶٣̲סп⾵ӵ»ʲôģ
̩ûٿڡ
˽Ҷ໰

ڡձ͡ǰԡڱֽϴ̵ʱشһӣۡ
ۺܿټ
źӽȥ󣬸񣬾Ȳ˵£ѹƳɵ͸ĥ֮󣬹Ȼã
ūѾƳǧۣˮɵǧ۸ԱȡȻ͸ЧԲһЩȫΪͨ͸֮ˡ
ܹճΪͨ͸ĲƳľƬضõˮƬ޶£뿴
ʵ׼ûпʱʼЩġ
Ļǿһֱŵʵ
˷ܲѣø޿
ԣźӣתۡ
֧ǧۣԱȿ֮󣬾ͷ˲
ΪƬͨ͸ԵʣʱɫЩʧ档
ڵ׻̫Сʩչ
Ҫ֧ǧ۵ЧȥߴС
Ȳشǧۣ߳һ¥ʼԶ
һΣ֧ǧ۵Ĳ͸ˡ
ۻǷǳ⡣
˵ⲣƬɵǧۺͼƷˮɵǧŲ࣬ಢر
ϡѰļƷˮⲣƬ̫ˣ
ܴ죡
ⲣƬףһܹ٣
׼֮ǰͲµۿ϶ʺܶ⣬ͰѴ׼ˡ
۵ĻЦ˵£ⲣƬΪףֻҪۣŽģͿԴѹƳ
ֻѹƳĴ޷ֱʹãþ˻ĥ֮󣬲ܹǧۡ
ĥΪʱūĳˮһֻһ裬Ч˲١
Ա̾ĿǰĲ˵һܹʮ֧ǧ֣ۡ
һʮ֧۾ˣȷһܴʮ֧ǧۣ
ɱ֮ǰ̫࣡
˵ū澲۾ϣÿһöˮƬˮ״죬ĥΪʱǧ۵Ĳһֱϲȥ
òѹƳɾƬߣʡȥ˴ĥʱ䣬ΪˮߺÿֻҪһ裬ܿܳΪ֣Ȼܹٶȡ
ô˵Ȥȥ
ҿֻôȥ˱֣̾鿴ǧ۵ˮߡ
۵֮ŷ֣Ľ˹ȻǸ˾ְţÿ˸ɻӶ
ٿЩǧۣմá
ؿһۣ޵úܺã͡ˣˮߣôģ
æ˵£ˮʵġ˵ƺ顣
۲ȻȻ
ľˡ
Ȼһֱ֪Լʶ飬˸ϱ
ȴû뵽ϱȻô㰡
ˣƺӣҲ֪ˡ
ȵľҲܻµˡ
-

401 ʹ

۵һӺ󣬺ܿ£ᶼʹ͡
˵ֻ͵͵̾Ϣ˻ӻˮ̫Ƕ
Ȼּææ֣ܵǧ۵Ľȡ
ϧһȻɹѹƳƬɴĥҪʱ䣬ϵϣ
οѾȥǧۣɲ͵ϡ
Ҫǹǧۻ̾͢ģҪͷˡ
Ϊæǧ۵£۷׷׵ľӲǺ⡣
ۣڼʶľƬڶԲԽԽȤˡ
ȻȻģҲԽע˾ӵ¡
ڣڡձ͡ǰԡ֮󣬳̺սڴˡ
ǽȥۺŻʺġ
װӣͷȫǸָľӡ
˻˹
սŻʺ񣬳
˴ӽϢܿڹﴫ˿
Щ죬Ϊձ͡ǰԡ̵Եʣʼձŵһȶȡ
ܶ˶ڹۣڴɵľӾǼʶʶ
ʱ򣬲֪˫۾ڶ
ͻȻӣôԵľٶʲôòµģ
οнͰæ
ȻÿΣȴһǸƤģһ˵̴սȥˣȲŽȻ˹Ҫˮ¥̨ȵ¡
սմŻʺסܷ﹬ûãͷͨ˵ǽȻ
սüɫɨſһۡ
˵ͽȻѾͦûˡ
ϴμ棬ǹʱ
ǰǴȻڽ÷ǴΡȻ磬ã
뵽̺ͳֵܹϵȻΪУһЩ
Ҳ֪Ȼֵˡ
ѾȫɹԵũͷ
Щ£Ա߶ţ˲硣
ν֮ǰɰǸ˵ģӶͦá
Щ̫Ҫˣǧ¡
ս˲Ϣ֮䣬Ѿתͷ
͵ŴȻ
Żʺܿ˴Ȼ
ûãȻˡ
Ҳǿģһϸĺӡ
״ͷװǾᡣ
ս˴Ȼسλóģ
ϴι磬̫ԣ⻭̫д
ȻóдеĹӰ֮󣬹Ѿ
Żʺͻ϶ǶԼĻʮš
Ҳ
ԣλʲôأ
սЩ档
ȻһͿսĹȻѧúܺãĿбӣֻԾнЩսǰݡ
սҡͷ
ȻҲ̫ˣҩӰȷǴ
ЩһֱæҲ֪Ȼôġ
ʹȻϾ鲻
ͷתת׿ˡ
и˵ĹԴȻӣǸȻ̫У´Ȼ᲻ڡ
Ȼ˿Ĵ
ŻʺЦºͣܿ°ɣ챦˲پȻƣϲģ
ȻָսľϣЦ˵лĸʹ͡
ս˵үû߶ӣǶɩб£չ򣬾˾ӴТĸܴ˾ӻȥү϶ˡ
ЩӰˡս˵漴˴ӣͷװŵľһȡ˳
ֻټ˴ССüӡ
Ӵ򿪺ͷװȫˮľӡ
ЩСĻƴԲһ״ӡ
ȻᰴأӾͻ򿪣¶ͷľӡ
˾ȵǣǺȻװϸϸķĩǻױõױۡ
ǴȻƣױۺ󣬻Ǿȵ΢΢ɴ۾װѵױۣ
ǡսЦŵ˵ͷӿСɣȴװһЩ֬ˮͷ
˵СӣһƵСӡ
ͬ򿪺ͷװȴǺɫָ֬մֱĨڴϡ
ľȻҲʮСɣױȴá
ٿӣаƴ״ԲֱСӡ
ҲиͭСױ
Ǹͬٳ
ֱôȻо̾
𾪵ؿսôҲû뵽Ȼܹô໨
-

402 ҵ

Ļرࡣ
ص͵ľͷ񻨾Ҳл˿ź貵ĽͷǶʯǳ
ͭЩӲյøͷǴ¡
ȻսôԣЩ鱦˿ţ˶ˡЩδҲ̫ˣ
͵͵սһۣ̲סѹүĽ˲رɽĲƱЩҲܲ³жƴˡ
뵽̲ס۴ĺӡ
Լһ˵⻭ĻģǸһȣԵ̫Щ
ȻЩŻʺ
ŻʺЦһơ
ЦսЩӵǱϴεĴ˲٣ð𣿡
ĸĻȷ˰ΪѩӣյҲҪЩ
սЦùɣ󷽵˵ʵЩӻǲԺ󻹻øЩǵߵĴ¾Խȫһ
Żʺô˵ҲЩġֻǵϱ棬ñֵ̫ˣлʺӡ
ֻЦЦŵǲˡ
˵ֿ꣬Ȼʲôơ
ȻȻЩԲѣⷬ󣬻˴˴ĺӣͷȡһᣬչ
һͼһЩӰַȥҪĹͼʻЩ
սؿţԴȻ˼
Ȼ⻭ȷǲ
дһ˲Ӱַ뵽ͳͷȷʵ츳
ԴȻӣ⻭һġ
ˣĻ滭츳û˵
ֻϧǲôϲЩ黭ġ㻭ٺãѿҲͲ
ս˴ȻһۣͻȻãױ෢չչ
Ҳֻ룬ڵױͷǦۣԱԵƤס
ǦɲʲôöĻʱ䳤Ƥͻðٻͷ
Ȼ˶ҪٻЩǸ
Ŀռ򣬿ũһ
ĻֿױۣɱǦ۰ȫöࡣ
Żʺ˴򿪵Ĺ΢Цſޣ⻭棬ñȱһˡ
Ȼԭʮ⻰֪Żʺ̧Ϻܿ¶Цݡ
ǫ⻭ǶԴģϴι磬ɩĻŵȥŻһЩĸϲͺá
ҲˡŻʺ޵óܻȻ˲˼ġ
Ȼߺ
Żʺ˵֪ǸúӣƽϲûЩࡣ̫ۣȻڻᣬҲ̣Լӡ
Ȼɫһ䣬Ͻ˵ǣĸ̻塣
Żʺƺŵˣﰵ̲̾סսȥ
ȴ󷽣ֹݣͶ߿˼֡
֪ȻܺãֻӱЩн¶һº󣬸ǱýС΢
ӣʵûġ
ֻǵս棬Ҳö˵Ҫ˵ˣȻҲȥֻԺȰȰˡ
뵽˵ЩĻôȻ˾ӣȻù˰ʣµľȫ

սʹȻŻʺţŸȥ
뿪ܷ﹬սŴȻϵۣ֬Ȱ˵䡣뵽ȻӣĬĬ⡣
ϴμʱ򣬴ȻƺֱһЩ
˵ʲôȻ˵롣
óȥ˵
ɳȰȻظýȥ
ǴȻ˵˻ս㣬Ǿˮϴι磬õǴδѹүһֱ⾵ӡ
ս̿ҵûʲôЩӶѡ㣬Ĺ˲á
Ȼ⻰ϵЦݵǶ˼֣ȴϰߵǫҿ㲻ʲôϴĻҲ벻Щοһģ㵱Ĳǻء
һߣһҵ
ֱ˳̺ͳѣֹͣһ·ظҡ
ܿ죬̸;ӵϢھ
ϢûֱӿڱֽϣϾ漰ۺͻʺ󣬾֪ҲûӿǳȻһ˽ǵñӿ֪ôġ
ɾûбֽϢǴر졣
Щ죬ȫǹھӵۺͲɡ
вٴԹ󣬶ڵŰľӣ
ǵȵˣ
-

403 ۸

Դӳ̸ۺŻʺ;ӵϢھдһֱעžϢĴԹǾڵű¥š
˭֪һһ죬¥Ӳûпŵļ
˺ܲˬˡ
ǶҪأ
Ϊ̱⣬˵ѵȵļȴҲȥ
˾Ͱ˽ϡ
бү˵ҲʲôöûôΣա
ǣҳѵԽԽࡣ
ȫѳ˻ȥ
ѱòᣬ̲סĸԹǰ˵һʱʲôҲ֪òã˼ôײµģ
ȥ縮ϣҪٷϻˣ
Ҫأ
ǲñ¥ţô죿
Ҳư
羡֪;ӣ֪ܵͣôô
иҲǣ
ôྵӣȻһҲϸ
̫ˣ
۸Ӱ
ԽԽơ
ۿű¥ʼղţҲˡ
ææȥҳ̣һΣ磬Ǳ¥ʲôʱŰҿɶȼˣܵҿǰӶ׼ˣ㲻Ӷ׬
̲мƳһۣʱûãͱ¥ɩӵ˽ʲôʱţʲôʱţɲǱġ
ʲôɩӵ˽Ѿһʶ˵ɩҲ̫˰ɡȻ⻰ҪڣͻȻһǳҪ顪
˵û
رɽǿؿǱ͸ɩӣ
˵ǵطǸĻɽݲŵĻԪ
ͳȥû죬˶ݺݴ
رɽͷȻиر
ʵ̫ˡ
𾪵ǣرȻڳ˼ֵĽ鱦
ôĽ鱦˭ǣ
˵ˣǸҲõǰ
أ
ʾһıʣµľȻȫͻս
ڲرɽͷ޵ģȻս˽
˾ٵҲûá
˭ҪʹͶƢǵÿ˲ɡ
ȻģľӣȻҲĶ
ȥɩ
ѾҪǸô϶
ϧȻô룬ȴǴҪ
ʵǶ磬ⱦ¥Ȼɩӵ˽ǵܵȥɩʲôʱ𣿡
Ȼһ⻰ϾЦԣ
ѣ
ߣ֪ȢϱͲҪܵˣ
˲ˣ磬ͻȻһе飬Ҫܵȥɩʰɡ˵⾵ٺãҲȫɣȻȥȽϺã˵ǰɣ
ûʲôļ磺żӦþͿ쿪ˡ
زͣ﷭ۣ˵㵱ȻˣǾӾɩģȱ˾㲻ɱ
ԽԽơ
˵ɩӴӽȥˣȲŴȻ˹ȥ
ΪֻҪˣռˡ
˭֪һһҪ
һˣɸܲһ澵Ӷָأ
̫ˣ
ǱԪˡ
ж磬͸ˣ
⾵Ӿɩģﻹ˾ô
ôˣȻһ澵Ӷϸ
ģ
̫ˣ
Ը⻨򣬾Ȼϸʲôʱš
Ҳµʱȥ
Թǲͣĵ׸̡
ϧҲֻ롣
ų̵˵ɾԲҡ
ر˵˵Ҷġ
̲мƳһۣߺ󣬾̲סȥսˣձǱ¥տţţʱѾˡ
սȻ׼
һ飬ԲŲæ˵ıֽϻԤ濪ʱ䣬ʱͲüˡ
ٴʵʲôʱ򣿡
սɿ˵졣
̶ʱЩ⣺ôҪôãѵǾӲ
ս̾ӵǹˣǾסǿ̫죬ûʱ׼
ҪǶϼܾˣǲǸЦô
սƵ˵˾䣺ҪһЩʱ򡣡
̶ʱȻ򣺡ԭȻʱͿˣǱ͵ĺϢˡ
սһ⻰ʮá
ȻڶġձϿ˱¥ŵʱ䡣
ѾȵЩһͷĿʱ䣬Ͻȥ׼ȥˡ
û˵ӡ
˵ʲôˮ˺֣ǵǵڡ
Ҳ֪ǲʲôƭ˵İϷ
β룬ʱֹܿȥա
ת۾͵˱¥һ졣
-

404 ¥ţ

죬ܶһȥ¥ˡ
ȥ˲ŷ֣¥ͷȻѾвˣڵű¥ŵģ
ڱ¥ĸſţȻ֪Ҫǳ
ԽԽ࣬ѽֶˣòվά
⣬պգǰæάﻹ˸
ܿ죬һ˾ų˳
ȵ¥ƹһɻǰ¥׼ŵʱֱӾͱİ̸һ
ڴҶʵʵŶӣﰲЩ
ֻǿǿµƹǾЩ
˼ȥ֮󣬹Ͼƽ
ǵŵĿɶǾӣ
ⶫѾˣ֪ǲˤ
һˤϣǿžҪˤˡ
ôˣʱҪһԵشͷŵЩӻܺ
ôľӣЩ򣬲ֵ֮
˻ˤˣⲻ
ǣ¥ǰŶӵ˾Ϳ¥ź󣬵ĻƾȻһƳȥ
滹дһʮ˽ȥ
ӦõģΨͷŵֽóдġ
ǰͷ˶Դ˵ûʲôںͷ˿ɾ͵üˡ
ȻСɶŵ̫ͷ˸Ϳ
ǰͷֲɵӣǣ
Ʒų󣬲ûҡ
¥ŵʱҲûʲôʨ֮ףϢͿˡ
ưưڳӡ
ſʼ˽ȥ
ſкʵڶԲסʵ̫ˣҪȫȥⱦ¥Ҳװ¡
Ϊ˴ҵİȫΪ˴ܹúһֻܽȥʮˡ𼷣ն˳ʮ˽ȥˡ
ʱʱҪһԶԶԣʮλԽȥˡʣµľͱǰˣһٽȥɡ
ǰʮ˺ܿȥˡ
ȻǾͱͷĿľӸԻ۾
Щ͸Ĺӣ̫Źˣ
ôĹӣȻ͸ģ
ѲɣЩȫɵô
ʮ˲࣬Ȼһ߽ǾͿĿϾӡ
᲻գۣ
ʮ˲ԼͬسЩ͸չȥ
߽֣֮Щ͸չ
Ȼһȴֻ͸
Щ˲֪ĸȴǱ֪ܵĶǱ
ԣһֵشЩ͸չ񣬾͸պһ
չĻƿһֻ˵λץʱúÿÿһʱޣͷкܶ˵Žأһʱ䵽λɶҪȥġ
ʮһ⻰ͲˣϽЩӡ
һǲŷ־ӵĺô
ۣ⿴Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ˮ˺֣
ȻģΪǴţأ
⾵Ҳ̫ƯˣҪȥţǶɣ
˾̾ѣҲ˺ѯʡ
Щô£ôûô
⾵ӻи𣿡
֪⾵öãǸͭһҪĥ
־ӣƺЩͬ
⾵ۼۼΣ
ģѯʵԽԽࡣ
ʮȻֻ࣬ҪƼĿľӣûòġ
ǰͷģǴԹˡ
˵ù磬Բǰͷ
ǸһЩͷԵİýˮ¥̨ȵµƣǰͷ
ȻλЩˡ
˵Ǹ൱
ԽݸߵģԽҪӡ
ΪֺӣȻҲԸ⻨ǮռȻ
Խǿǰλã۸ҲԽߣǵλģ治Ҹ
Եһʮ˽ûã˲پӡ
ǾСɵľУƴֳ־ǸЩױЩ˶˲١
Թǣ˿ڿɲ١
͵úüʮϰٿˡ
ˣ
ÿ־ӵļ۸Ҳûȫ
ǸЩλ̫ߵ檺Ůǣֻôεȵľӡ
ȵһʮ˳˵꣬Ŀ涼˲١
ƹ³ͷŵĳӣľ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ĻҲľѡ
ƹͷкöأǵĻǲ
ǰƹ񣬸ոʮ˾˲٣
ƹȻҲЩľ˵侲ЩûʲôûŵģҪǻˣʣµԤˡ
ˣЩչƷǧˣܵøͷƣźǰԤ
Ǳôһ˵Ҳ
ܿ죬ڶʮ˽ˡ
һĿľӺǾӨ͸չ۾ֱˡ
ǿķӦЩ⡣
٣ɵ˰ɣ
-

405 ̫

Ŷӵ˲Ͻ뱦¥ԽԽľӱߣ¥ĿԽԽ١
¥ж㣬˸Ժ
Ժȫ˿ⷿ
֮ǰгӴⷿ
սصص˺üſţŶһӾˡ
뵽¥ſŲʱ䣬Ϳ챻ˡ
¥ƹͻҲû뵽
˵Ƕ֪ܶ۾ӣ˭Ҳû뵽ӵȻܹó
ƹһϽȥսϢ
̫ˣͷϳĶӡ
ȿ֮զ죿
ͷôõĶӣҪͻȻˣ϶˭ɰɣ
ǧֳźá

ɰõϢ󣬸Ͻȥս
ɰüͷЩ˵ӣǲ̫¥̫ˣѾ࣡
ս⻰ȴһ㲻޷¥ľӿɲˣһ˼ҿôࡣ
ǰͷģȻЩԹ˼ң˼ңȻöЩ
ʣЩԹںͷģȻЩȽͨ˼ңһ˶١
㵱ˣЩҲ£Ԥˡ
˶٣սʵĲʵͣǾ̫ˣɰȥ˵˵и̺
һЩȽϼ򵥵ľʽñȥʱûֱӰѾǶȥˡ
ɰ˵ͷūףԹѾ˺ūȥߴߣ°á
ս˵еȨ󵽵ûеġͻȻУŻ
ȵҶòˣ¥ͲˣûҪ̫ġ
ɰ˵ū澵ǾãǸױ¾¥϶ӻ𱬡
սΪȻôľӣ۸ɲˣҲ˭ġ
⾩˵Ȩܶ࣬ʵҲ١
˼ҲƽգܹӵһͨױͲˣﻹ𰺹Ĵ¾
ú󣬱¥ٴδµϢ
ӵ̫ˣڳչ̨Ʒп澹Ȼȫ˳ȥ
ǵƷ
ܳɰ
ƷǰŸ˿ģҪȥˣοûУ
ǻô¶
ƹ
ںͷЩˣǶȨ
û˸¡
ͷȻϳĶӣȻû˸£νȥƷ֮󣬴˶ѡԤӡ
ΪŶӵʵ̫ˣ
Щܹ˽Ľѵɲôڡ
¥ƹѾ֤ˣֻҪɶ𣬾ͿԤӡ
ʱˣȥʱͲŶӣֱӽȥȡӡ
ֻ⾵첻ףÿĲǺܶࡣ
ԤҲŶӡ
ʱᰴԤȺ˳Ͷ
٣ŶֿģʱͻȽϳ
˾ȵǣ⾵ӵԤȻǰѾֿģ
ѡͬʽͲʣж˵
ⱦ¥ľӣṩķ
еľȽϿģþӣͿȶ֡
˻µľ
ò˿֮󣬶ͦ档
Ŷӵ˲߽¥¥ĶǱԽԽ̡
ܿ죬¥ľȱϢʹ˾ǡ
Ϣ󣬿ɰ۸ˡ
¥⸺άĿˣþĶĿ
֪ܲļȥӵģ
ǣµǰﳼӣ쾡֪ӵʱúܡ
һ˼ʮ澵Ӳ˵˴ױʹ¾
ʱ䣬¥ľӾ˻
յĶ𣬾ʹﵽ˺üǧ
һ˶ˣ
û뵽ǣԪǸţȻָʹ͵͵ȥŶ˾ӣ
ֱ۽磡
ǾôȻԪŶˣ
︹̣Ԫȥˡ
ñһӵһԪˣ˵Щʲô
Ҫ˵Щģǵð϶һٲɣ
ûߵ
Ԫܿˡ
ʮϲС
ȻЩ֣ȴǸǳӣǳ·Ҫ˲ܱȵġ
Ԫߵ÷ɿ죬һر𹧾˸񣺡μ£
ĿƳһۣ˵ɣʲôģ
Ԫ˵Ѿ֪Ǳ¥ŵӡ˵ģ⾵ӡ
ӣЩõ۾ô˵Ҳˣ
ԪϽˣңֻǾã⾵Ǻöݼ񡣡
-

406 

ݼ񣿡Ͽϲŭԣ㾿ôģãӦλݼ񣿡
Ԫܿ˵ֻǾãüΪֱͭЩ˵Ǳ¥ſŲգ˻
֪ܶ˶Ҫӡܹȫܹݼ񣬻ܴ׬һʣӹ˰ա
۵ɫЩ䣬ʵ˵ЩǾ֪Ӳʺϳ;䣬𻵡ǸǺã
³ҲţԳãӦȫѡʵĵط޽Ҥճľ
ͻȻʵһҪӵ䷽ȥ
ԪȻ˵ֻҪר˾רȫ̻䷽ȻҪרʹ÷ѡ
һ䷽Ͳزסˡ۵ɫױǰޣΪް䷽ȥ
Ԫ⻰ʶ
ܵϻĴ٣Ȼɵӡ
һ۵֪Ծ
ˣ
Ϊʲô
ѵΪͱ¥˽²ԸЩ̼֣
ǣ⾵Ӳ㳤;䣬ڸؽ쾵õġ
̽Ϣ¥ͷ־ӣһˮһǰ
ˮЧôã۸ȴҪȰࡣ
ʹñȽϱ˵ľͷ򣬼۸ɱͭҪˣѰգҲһˮӡ
ĺöܹƹ㵽ȫ£϶úܶõӡ
ѵǻݼĺ
ºιأ
Ԫͷί£ȻЩ˽İɣҲΪ롣
µԩˣ
Ԫתϸϸĥ˵ĻͻȻʶʲô
Ѳɣӣǲй¶ȥĲɣ
룬С˵£ֻǾã⾵ӿԻݼ񡣳ңñ¹ӡ
Ȼ֪ʲôףѾʶۺӣô˵׼û
۹ȻߵߣҲûӣ
ȻŻͦǲոôˡ
Ԫ˿
ȴóһ˵ùȥ
̹ؽӹС鲽Ԫǰ뿴
ʱ˵ԪǺ
Ԫϸһ۾ϳǷŴ󾵡
벻ͨôʵ⣬ֻʵʵؽӹŴϸ˿ȷľǷŴ󾵺󣬹Ԫ˵£ϵô˷Ŵ󾵡
ϵþͺãٴһ֪Ŵʲôģ
Ԫʱһ£ʶ˵ݳ֪Ŵ󾵵ľƬˮĥɡ
Ȼ֪
֣ΪҪôʣ
˭֪ȴ˵ϸ
Ԫ⣬Ŵ󾵣ϸع۲
͸ľƬѵˮô
ۼûϳ乴𴽽ǣЩؿɫ͸޳Ϊ
Ԫʱɵۣ𡭡
ⶫȻʹģ
ˣôû뵽أ
ողǾӣðô
˵չ磬׸ʺľˮɵġ
ڣȴǿӡ
ȻԴˮɾӣôˮɷŴ󾵣ʲôѵģ
ˣ׵ǧۣˮƬ
Ѳɣǧۣ
Ԫ뵽˵̾ѾɹòǧۡԪ㻹޹䷽𣿡
Ԫ˸飬ŵøϽ˵ϣ򲻸ң
ԹԣȻǧۣ
֪ǧ۵ˮ񣬱Ҫɫ͸û˿ʣҸͷС
ˮѰɲס
ȻȻļֵҲߡ
ⲣȴɰճģ
Ҫپճ
ɫ͸ǽӹȥĻ֮ƳƬǧۣݺ
ⷽǾ͸ˣ
Ԫ뵽˲ʶӵҪ
Ͻ˵£Ϊ䷽Ҫ֮й¶ȥ
ߣ黹˵صһۣһİķϣ֮ǰЩ޾͵ûû´Σ
ԪϽлл¿ԸΪǣ
۶ı»ͦģȻвǷһ
ԪۿԼӹһ٣˿
-

407 ߶

ű¥ľ˻νǼһϲҳ
˾ӵ˼ң˷ܵøƵġ
û򵽵ģЩɥöˡ
˵⾵Ƕô˲õıֻ˶ˣȻȻҲˮǴߡ
û򵽣ԼˣǶӣ
οǰЩӵ⾵ӣöˣͷⶼͦ棬ƾǸʲôı
ҶҪȻͶˡ
һ࣬ԵþӸϡˡ
˾ӵһõ˷ܻܵظӱϲˡ
ǻȥʱ򣬸үǲڹϳɻ
ڼģֻиķ̫̫Լӹǡ
˴žӻصϺ󣬺ܿлģȥӱϲˡ
ϷˣˣƣǾӣյÿˣ
̫̫쿴ˣ
ӣǸմӱ¥ľӣԣ
̫̫ģ˵Ǳ¥ľӣƣ
Ҳ͵͵͵ġ
үˣ侵СɣԲǺɰ
侵ȷǷСɣҴĲɡ
ľСʡҲԳۼó
ִҶرҪ˭ҲΪʲô׶˳
⾵ӾԵøҪˡ
̫ͭأҲû̫Сɣϡ
ͷʱ򣬾ֻѯߵˣͷʲôס
Ҳûʱʱ̸̿ţвߵʱ
Ǿֻܿ
侵ֻҪϣʱóһգɲǰ̫ࣿ
ͲߣҲõĻˣ
үյӵʱͦ˼ͬҲôɵģͻȻ;ûʲôöˡ
е͵ͬżҵ˿û򵽾ӣ˷ܵβͶҪˡ
һ춼ˬ˵ǹֵģѾóա
ͬҪˡ

̫Ӷ˷ܵؿĸľӡ
ӷڽͷµϸޣ̴ľɣԲ״һľץա
ľͷɵľ򲢲ݻ͵ʺϳӡ
һ۾ϲˡ
ճץסľӾ
Ӿ󣬾ͿøЩ
Ȼ֮󣬺ܿͷһ⡣
⾵ճȷûκαε״
ǣԭôô
ҲվӣõͭҪСɵֳ־ࡣ
յʱȻԵر
ֳ־ŰƴСղȫ񲻾Եرô
ˮľյøϵë׶Ƽ
Ƥõģ⾵ӿɲ
ƻˡ
֪Լ֣һֱҪʡ
¶ûȻʧȴҲôƵġ
Ȼô
ѹָʲϲ
ԼˣҲϲ
Уüʣ
ôԼ˶üȥ
뵽ͻȻ˵ȥԺ׺ͷ̫ҽ
ˣǸΪ壬ʵ̫ҽ
̩һΪ˵һ
Ϊź̫̫࣬ˡ
ԸƣΪЩźˡ
Ψ㲻ã̫̰ˣö
һֱҪʣʵϣÿ߲˼·ۣǹܲסԼ졣
ԳĹģÿų˵Ҫʣȴֹܲס죬ȣ̲ס︹̡
ڣѾʵˡ
˭֪һ澵ӣٴ˼ʵͷ
̩̲סͬԺ׺ͷ̫ҽ
֪λԴӸ壬ͷͲͣµ
˵λ̫ҽԼͺӣ͵͵Լ˵ҩҪסͷ
Դӳʵλɿ˲١
뵽Ȼˣ
λ̫ҽҪ֪£ֵóõͷˡ
̩Ͻȥˡ
ͬʱϵԺ׺ͷ̫ҽȴվӡ
ϷŴ󾵣˵һֱڵǡ
ϧˮ̫٣ɵ͸ȫȥǧۣûжŴ󾵡
Ʋѣӹ죬һֱڡ
ֱǰ죬ͻȻʹ̫ҽԺʮŴ󾵡
Ժ׺ͷ̫ҽÿһŴ󾵣ֵؿá
˶֣÷ŴҩģȻҪ࣡
ΪŴ̫ãǶھҲ޵顣
Ͼս͸Żʺֲܣձ͡ǰԡһֱڴ̡
벻֪С
Խһ磬ǾͰȥӡ
ӵ֣Ȼǰֵġ
-

408 ̫

Ժʹͷ̫ҽԶڷͷ͵͵žӣԽԽ⡣
˭֪ţͻȻëȻ֮С
Ǳ˭ˡ
ô£
ΪʲôͻȻú󱳷䣬Ҫùأ
Ժʹͷ̫ҽȻûͬһӣȴǲԼͬؾ
̩ʱ򵽵ġ
Ժʹͷ̫ҽһҪǣͬʱ⡱һ
ȻرĬضһۡ
ʶԼʲôޱص˶Էһۡ
ԺʹСʵ֪̫ӵͻȻ٣νιʣ
̩ЦЦȴ˵ֻǸĪ˵µ˼ɲۼܴġλ̫ҽɡ
Ժʹͷ̫ҽһٴΡ⡱һַǳõԤС
̩Ȼô˵̫ӵͻȻǣԲʲô£
Ȼ̫ټҲȥ
ֻСȥˡ
ȥ·ϣ̩ͻȻζ˵ձ¥Ŵ󼪣֪λ̫ҽ˾ӣ
Ժʹͷ̫ҽһ⻰Щ׼̩ʲô˼
ǿɶ֪ⱦ¥Ĳҵ룬Ҳ̵Ĳҵ
ƫƫ̫һֱԸ
̩ôʣѵ֪͵͵ӵ£
˵̫Ӷǲ
ǲӦð̫ӵӣܲΪС飬Ϊǰɣ
Ǻ̫ӵҲǴ˲ٽ̫ӲôС˰
ԣ̩ʲô˼
ѵʱֽ̩˵̫ӵʵҲǾͦ棬ۼȥһ龵ӡ̫֮ӵ¾Ҫλ̫ҽ
Ժʹͷ̫ҽ⻰ͻȻ˷ǳõԤУ
òᣬ̫ӵͻȻ˰ɣ
ҪǾ̫ˣ
ʶ̩һۣЦеģƵģͻȻĶӵĳ嶯
Ȼ̫Ӵ٣򲻸ܵġ
̫ҪǵҲֻ¾
ǣλ̫ҽ̫ӳǰ
ǺҪģ˽ȥ֮ǰ͵͵Ѿ
߽Ȳʵλ̫ҽ
½վã֮£Ӧó֮Ժ㣬Էϧ֮ǰãһֱЧ
λ̫ҽٸ¿ǲǸûӣ
Ժʹͷ̫ҽ⻰ˡ
̫ӹڷ֣屾Ͳá
Ҹ̫û֮ҩ
Կҩʮºͣỵ̫ӵ塣
뵽̫˵Ҫʣȴѹжأ
ÿԵò٣ȴûôﻹȥأ
֮ǰ̫ӲᣬҲװֵ֪ڡ
뵽̫ӾȻˣ
ɲǺ¡
̩˼̫ͻȻʣǾӵԵʡ
Ժʹͷ̫ҽԽԽƣȴҿֻСظȻ˵Ҫȥҩ
ûΪǣˬǻȥˡ
ߺûãһŮͻȻʳ͵ġ
Ůúܹѵ˳˵̫̫ӵ¶ţū̫ӵ͵ģ̫ӵ¿쳢ɡ
һ˵һߴʳС
һ򿪺ڵĵζƮɢ˳
ζʿˮ
ͻȻöˡ
ȻԵʱͻȻ뵽֮ǰվӵʱ򣬿ŴԲ
ŴӶװµͻȻûθڡ
˵°ɣûθڡ
Ůһ£ǵһθ͵ˣǰɴû
̫ӾȻĶˣ
ѲɣǶ̫ʲô
Ů룬µ̫֪
Ȼ뵽̫ԽԽ̵ӣ־û̿֡
̫ĶԽԽˣƢҲԽԽ
˵ź˶̫ˡ
̫֪˲£̫϶ûãŹ
һᣬʹ¡
Ѿ˹ȥ̫Ӿ㲻ԣ̫ӦҲ֪ɣ
ѵ̫ӻ˵û
οֻ̫˵ûθڣû˵ԡ
ʵôİɣ
Ůôһ룬⡣
ûҾ̫Ϊ⹴Էµĺ󣬺ܿ˳ȥԭ·ء
ߺ󣬳Щ۲ؿЩһۡ
ȻȡӣͷŴԲ
£ĲɢζҲûθڡ
ԼֲסϽ̩˵Щóȥˣڲԡ
̩⻰ȴǳ׾ˡ
Ϊỹǰһܲס죬ʲôģ˵˵ˡ
˭֪Ȼ̫ĵĶϳˣ
ѲɣҪˣ
⡭Ҳ̫ˣ
̩ͻȻ˷ܲѡ
һֱ֪ģ̫֣Ըϲ
Ҫǳܹأ
-

409 ķǵĽ

𽻹֪͵ĵѾʹ͸˹ˡ
ڸ˴¥¡
Щ죬Ƕ۾ӵ¡
˵͹ͨϢôףʼչעŹϢ
Դӵ֪ԽԽʹ죬ֲ̿
ҹ˯ŵʱ򣬶ʱʱجΡ
ǰ̫ӣɱĳ̡
񣬸׼ˡ
ѲɣѾ˳̫ӣҪ̲ɣ
ֻҪ뵽ܣ;ϰ¡
̫ӿǺк³ġ
ıϣ̫жС̫к³
޸񣬿ɲΪ˸Կ࣬µعһӣ
òУһˣͷʵʹ
ǰùų˲ˣͲ
ֻһ̥һսͳ̵Сˡ
ȴ룬ԽԽ
ȻҪӣ
ǾӶѣȻڱֽϣ¶Ǿӣǻȡ裡
𽲻ͣ︹̣ȴ̲סռľӡ
ʱǾӣҲһ۾ϲˡ
˭֪սȻʮ񣬾֪ʺ񣬶ֺ֪̫
񣬾ȻҪðӡ
Ҫƣ⾵ʲôģ
вмߣȴ̲סߴ٣ȥϲû
ϲȥӵģ
̺۳ȥ˺üΣƼϲˡ
ϽǰС˵ˣһֱأˣ𣿡
꣬ͻȻϲɫ̫á
̺˲ʶϽʵô£ѵ鲻˳أ
ϲüͷû򵽡
̺û뵽飬ˣѵϳݣⲻ㣿
ϲû뵽ԶȻô󣬲һ飬Щε˵⵹ǣֻǱ¥̫ãȥʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ֱ̺ˣˣ⡭Ҳ̫˰ɣѵǾ̫٣
ϲҡͷ̫̾ˣҵʱ򣬱¥ѾϳĶӡ
ʱǶ飬Ҳ𾪲ѡ
ڹԹϢ֪ò̫
뵽¥ӣȻô
ʵʱ֮һ̫ȥǰλãز˶ӡ
뵽ôãȥʱǰ˸պðѴˣ
ɵչͷкܶྵӣҪ
˭֪¥ƹͻƾȻϴӦ
Ȼ̫ź̫࣬ȴҲݣѹˡ
¥ĲҵҪǸôǸݰѱ
ʱִ̫
ϲۿֻ˶Ȼˡ
ֻǻ·ϣҲǲԹġ
˵ףû򵽾ӣȥ̫Եʡ
֮ȥ̫ɶΪ̫
ǿˣ̫ϡǾӣָ⼵Է
Ǳ¥ŵӣ̫ȥʧݣĥ䵽ˣȥӡ
뵽¥⾹Ǻõó棬ȥʱ򣬾Ӷˡ
뵽ȻҪȥ̫ϲЩִ
Ϳˣ̫Ⱥƣ˽µӿɲôá
ǰٲãչ黹иȡ
ŶӴϲˬ˽µӾԽˣľҪˡ
Ǳ̫ģ̫֪
ΪŰ˲£Խӣ¿϶ùͷϡ
Ȼȥ֪Ҫʲôء
ϲĵ׵Ĳʹ죬±˲
̺ͬؿһۣһֱʣ͵ȵüˣϽȥɡ
ϲ˵ͷű̺˽ȥ
ǿڹϵġ
Ҫ̥һֱڴδ̫ˡ
żҲ˲߼߿ڹϡ
ˣǾûԽԽܣᱳʹġ
ΨһоοľǣѾԽԽͷС̫ʱʱͻӡ
ôã϶С̫
ֻŶԽԽҲԽܡ
Ը񱾾ͽƶʣһȻҪ
ź˾
ǲЩū澣㱻𽷣ˣҲҸ״
οҲɵֱ˳ӣӻ졣
̫ºۼ̫ƼˣǾʹס
ǰһЩ£õź˿಻ԡ
ϲ۾ˣأ
ûϲ򲻵ӡ
ϲ̹˵ϣūûãѾˡ
Ц˲佩Ӳϡ
-

410 ʲôݣ

ˣŹڵϵϲ˵ѣ¥ſţڲ磬˵Ѿˣ
ϲͲµ᲻
﷢ࣺصµĻȷˣū£ū澵ʱ򣬱¥ǰѾ˳Ķ顣ūһˣǰͷɽȥʱͷľѾ⣬ֻԤ
һֱѣ²Ѳɣ¥ûپӣ
ͷһԽԽ
ǰʲôձ˵ðɵġ
δ˵ӡ
ģ⾵϶ףϡҲӦõġ
Ȼô룬ɻǾͷǳ
ʲôݣ
̫
Ȼ龵Ӷ򲻵
뵽𽿴ϲԽԽ䡣
ץֱߵĲյϲȥûõĶȻ龵Ӷ򲻻Ҫã
ϲûҶ㿪Ӳˡ
ȴ̲ס˱¥ƹͻơ
Щ˵ͳܶ࣬ȴЦݡ
Լۣ˵ôྵӣܹõʮӵɣ
Ⱥ΢񣬶̶̰յĹ򣬾Ȼܹõôɣ
Ϊ̫óĹˣһҲʮӡ
Ϊ̫ߵˣûЩ󳼽ӴƽТҲֻͷĹˡ
Щ֮ˣһµٺٵö࣬Т٣
̫ҲûǸŵģʹ͸ࡣ
ϲû뵽ȻЩ̻Ƹȥ
ɱ¥ĲҵЩܹõôߵɣ϶λԵʡ
Ҳǣôһʱأճ˾ӣںӣ
д˵Ű裬޴ū澡
Ǳλ̫Ҫ󷽵öࡣ
ϧΪβźˣ
źλӦûܴ󷽰ɣ
µĻƶôɣλźˣ
ϲԽ룬ԽǾﲻƽ⡣
ȥˡ
Ѿ̫ߵˣϴ̫һıǩⱲӶûȥź
пܵġ
˽°¡
ǣҪðôķ
ϲԥ
ۿȴûЩ治˼
ʱϲǫֵʹһҡβĹ
뵽ΪĹʵѾ˸Ļͥ˼
ֻҪһ뵽սķ⣬еĶʻȼա
ϧûսʲôֻܰŭйϲϡ
˵ȥú÷ʡûбĴ٣㲻ùźˡ
ū
ϲڵ£̬ؿ˸ͷ˳ȥ
ȥ󣬽ҧ۾ˡ
սδҲ̫ˣ
û̿˵ʹ͸ĻɽȻڳ
Ȼðӣ
Լãʷҡ
ƫƫ⡣
ҧȻΰοԼǾúܲġ
һ뵽һ⡣

ųؿľӡ
ȥ¥ġ
Դӻݣһֱվӣ¿ԼĿģ
ֱǰЩӣ̴飬ͻȻһҩ࣬˵ʲô̸࣬Ĩڰ̺ͷ̡
ǲŵġ
ʼջǴһ˶ڷ͵͵Ĩˡ
˭֪Ĩһأڶͷ֣ϵİ̺ƺһЩ
ǲվӣֻĨҩĨøЩ
һϵİ̺۾ȻԽԽ
Ȼûչӣɰ̺ͨƤĴȫͬԼĨҩ
οϣҲа̺ۡ
Щ̺Ĩҩ֮Ѿʧˣ
ֻǣɲվӣиһ
һãϻӡأ
ǳ˴
һԥԥڡ
ųľӣ뵽⾵ģջҧҧָȡϵߡ
ժߵʱӱܵر۾
ֱ˺һŲ۾
۾һͿ˾ճ
Ȼͼصɴ˫ۡ
ûУ
ȫûӡӣ
ƺ˲١
һֱߣʼղԵʰɡ
ƤƺҲϸЩ
ųգգۣͻȻЩ˼
ôţԼ͸˺üƵġ
Ȼһ㶼硣
̸̸࣬òỹݵЧɣ
ԼҲС
ųƵ˴
-

411 Ƶų

ųؿžС˺һ̲סϵ߿˹ȥ
ԥҪҪϡ
ߺ󣬻·ȥ
ѾָҪٴƶ
ųһᣬĬĬ˳ȥ
ͷųһſڡ
ŵҲѵصûлͷ
ѹû֣ųѾժ
ųЩŵƳһۣʲôû֣˿
ߣͻȻˣͦϰߵġ
û֡
Ȼܲˡ
뵽ųЩҡ
Դӻݺ쳣б˿Գ˴֮⣬ٳš
Թ׼Է
ͷôˣܹܵù
ҪܵĻҲ̫Եˡ
ˣūͻ޶Ѿϰ˲ȥ
ų뵽вЩŹֵĸо
ͻȻЩ棬ЩҪòŻᷢѾժߣ
ôһ룬ųͻȻȤ
ûᣬԿ˭ȷ֡
ʱ磬ĶЩˡ
һ˹÷Ϊ˿
ųʶطȻҪתʱͻȻԼѾָûҪ
ʵүƽʱʲôط÷
һ£ȴû̧ͷ
ųݺŸģǰųΪ˱Ѿҵ֮¡
ԴӸųͷųж˿
ϴߣҲ׼˶
Ѿϰ˲ȥųκʱԴ
ųĻȻЩȣʵ˵үͻСƽʱǸһ÷
ʵϣųⳤ˵Ƿָ
ӾųȻǺ˸Сү
Դų֮ͲԸ޶öԷݵӡ
ܹ
ųԼһ˳ԣʣµľֻˡ
Сĸ׵ܣ
ÿ춼÷ֲġ
˵ųͳĬ
ʵ֪Լˡ
Դӻݺ󣬾Թ԰޶ûôܡ
ӵĴٵÿ
ʵίˡ
Ȼ⣬ѾָǲԼһ˳ԡ
˵ˣҲ÷ˣҹȥɡ
⻰һӿɾ;ˣ
ųȻҪŷ˺Сү÷
ѵͨˣ
𶯲ѣϧû̧ͷ
Ȼͻ֣ᷢųѾС
Ӹӹصͷǡ
ų
˸Ϲ
Ͳһˡ
߰ɡ
˵գųǰͷ
СסڲͬԺӣ߹ȥĻ벻̡
ųΪȥ·Ͼͻ˷ûߡ
뵽ȥ·ˣɶԷԶ󣬾͸Ͻͷ
ƶûʲôӣ
˺üˣ
ȫû˷Ѿָ
ų
ͻȻеô£
ųԽԽƣֱߵӾס硴Ժû˷Ѿָ
ǴԶ󣬾ʹæͷͲҶ࿴
ѹû塣
˵ػݣ˭뵽ָܻ
硴Ժڣų濺Ͷž׼÷
˵ı鶼ģһϲɫûС
˸òųʮְ䡣
Ҳһ˳۵ɾ£ϧԴųݣ壬޼ķӲ˿
ֻҪ뵽ųʱ޶࣬ʮܡ
û취ӻСѾûɷ򣬲û˶ӡ
žԱߵĵϣЩį
ﶼ۾ӣȴû˸
ԴӿֽϹھӵϢ󣬾صؾˣ׼¡
챦¥ţҲûȥӡ
ųݺͲԸվӣԺҲԾû˺øС
ľӶҰȫСڹ
ųʱ򣬿ӡ
žҲˡ
һͻȻͰ͵˵ĸף븸ˣȥ𣿡
⻰жʱɬѡ
ſڣԥŲ֪ô˵
˭֪ͻȻˣүүˣ
濾ֱվʲôүˣ
žҲǴ󾪣ˣʵˣ
ǡʱų˽
ĸʶȥȻ͵ųļɻ䣬ҪջĿ⡣
ȻʱͻȻų
-

412 ֳ

濺ž𵱳Ϳɵۡ
ĸ̬˲ˣԼͬصԲ۾ų
ų߹ȥ𾪵Ŀʮá
֪һ·Ȼû˸ҿˣ
˵ⶼ濹ܽзĽһ뵽Լò׻ָòô˾Ȼûһ˷֣Щơ
ܾԼǱ˿ˡ
ڣ˷ˡ
ų߹ȥ˷ܵǶЩ
𾪵ؿԽԽͻȻʵվסʲôˣȻðү
еž⻰͵ѹȻСһصǰ䱸صų
ͬʵ˭ΪʲôҪðҸף
޶ϲõų
ƵسɫЩƵʵǵҶϲˣ
Ȼ濺ž衣
濺˵Ϊ㳤øүƣٰܼɺү
žҲ˵ǣҸײŲСӣ
ųʱһ˭СˣȻ˵Сƨǲǣ
⻰濺ž𲻽˿
и䱸ˡ
˵˭
ʲôĿģ
øųƣȻһģһ
̫ˣ
ֵǣ˼ȻٰôӦǰŶԡ
Ȼ᲻֪ųѾݣϳߣ
ôҲ벻ͨ
ųݺǼģͲţݳָܻ
ԣ˿϶Ǳ˼ٰģ
ų˺ü꣡
뵽ͻȻеˣд̿ͣ
ʲôĿģƾٰųģ븮϶ûġ
ų
ôͳɴ̿ˣ
ʱͷͻȻ˽
濴д̿ͣʶ
ͬʱĿһɨѰҴ̿͵䡣
ôų
Ȼɵۡ
˭ѽ
Ϊʲô
ѵǴ̿ͣ
ǣүأ
ôᴩźү·
ųݺźģûų
ԴʱˣҲûϳøųһģһ
üͷĿؿųǴ̿ͣүأѺүŪĶȥˣ
˵꣬͵ذγ䵶
ųƵҪѪŭӾҺү
ǰץ˵Ť˽ţ
ʱž𼤶ؽе˵ŲҸףҸ״ߣ߶û
˵껹áôôųһ
ųӡ
ٴŭӵָˣʲôߣ
⻰ͻȻһ
ɵؿųϾȻ覴ãָȥųһģһﲻ˼
ȻûڣžͻȻ˵ƭˣ׵ˣͲָܻ
ųøˡ
СӣȻ˵ݣָܻ
濼ɫ̲࣬סʵ˵Ǻүʲô֤ݣ
⻰һųƺҪô˵
ųֻ˵̶һֱΪѰҽҩ֪ǰ飬ȥϲ˵һҽ˵κҡʱҲڣҲˡ
̿žžȴ˲ɵۡ
ȷ֪
ʱ̵ĻϣųͲţˡ
ɵ㶵ؿųѵҸף
ȻųСͻȻѹԣ˵£Ҳ֤Ǹף
ʱΧôˣ˵͵ˣԲżãð丸ףҪɱ㣡
ųˣͻȻŭ̶ڶ͸ҩ࣬˵õģ¹ܼҲ֪Ҫǲţ԰ѹܼʣ
˶٣ֺݺݵһۣۿҴߵģǴ̿ͣôǼģ
û뵽߸ŵ棬ȻǸ
棺
Ŷô¸ˣ
𾪵ؿųǺү㡭ָˣ
ģүȻָܻ
ѵΪ̸ࣿ
ôȻ̸඼õó
Ҳˣŵؿ˿ųֿ棺ȷֱӴӺүķ߳ģͷʲô쳣
˶٣ɴʵ˵˵ү춼ʲô
ʵүһΨһͬľǣСȥ¥澵ӻ
Сȥ˾Ӻ󣬾ͽ˺үȻһͷүͳˡ
-

413 ɫ

ϸһȻֲСĵʱͷδͷ쳣
濲⣺Ǻүʱ򣬿ʲô쳣
һЩε˵Сûҿүһֱûûߡ
濣
ͻȻԴųݺ󣬶·ǳ⡣
һֱԼˣ׼κ˶ų
ôùȥͱԼ÷
Կ֪϶û˸Ҷųġ
ųһ·߹ˣԷ϶Ҳʹҿ
ȻûȻû˻ᷢѾժߣòָˣ
žǰų˲䣬ҲܵҪջĿ⣬´̼ųô
ҪͻȻųûߣϻû̺ۣҲһֱſ
뵽鸴ӵؿųԣ㵱Ǻү
ų㵱ϲ
濣
ô
ųݳµλĻΣ̫ҽԺ̫ҽȫ˹ҽҲҹ
Щȫ˵ųݵ̫ûлָĿܡ
ôܹ뵽ųȻлָòһ죿
˳øȥųһģһȻǻɶԷðˣ
ܹô
üͷԾɺɵؿųЩĵʣ㿴ô˺üꣿ
ŸСƵġ
ųһɫˣһֱߣֺٳţƤһЩǺ
˵ˣĶ֪ҩЧȻôã
̸඼ϵİ̺۸ˣұð˵㣬˵㣬ʲôôǲţԽйܼʡ
ͻȻӣҲƵĺòã
žǻС˵ʲô
ȻС
ǹ
Ҫɱ
Ӿƨˣ
濿ųŭӣʵѾ˾ŷ֡
ΪøȥųһģһҲһģӶһġ
˭ٰܼ絽̶ֳȣ
Ҫٰͣųʲô
ֱӼٰ²Ǹã
Ϊ˱ȥ˹ܼҹ
ܼҼҴҸϹųҲˡ
˲Բ۾ų㡭˭
ų˫֣°΢΢̧ƶںˣ͵ϳ
뵽ܼҶôûã
˿ǹˣģ
Ŀϲ
ŸӶϲˣ
ܼŸ۾ɵøԲˣ㡭Ǻү
ų̶֮ǰҩ㶼ˣ
ŸȻû£
û뵽ҩȻôЧ
Źȥã
а
үȻȫˣ
Ѳɣү͵ҩ
ŸǲţǺү
ųһСˣ˵ʮ˻򴲵ô
Ÿŵ˲Ǻ
¾ûҪ˵˰ɣ
ôǺܼң֪飬Ժôܸˣ
СǺ˾ƣŸæһ䣬˵̲סԹƳųһۣǾƻǺүСĺȥġ
ųƿĿ⣬װԼʲôû
СʱŸϺȾƣúƣ͵һ̳ơ
źһڣ;ζһ㶼á
ԾͰǾ͸Ÿȫȥ
Ÿˡ
֪º󣬾͸ӲȾˣԼҲ򴲡
Ǿ̫ˡ
뵽֮ȴѧ˽ƽ
ƵζȻܲãҪǲȾƣҪԼǾĴأ
ȥЩƽӣų;Ȼ
뵽ԼѾָͻȻʰġ
ָܻǲҲܵøЩ
ܹ꣬ʩչ˭Ըȥأ
Ҳűȳ̴˼ˣôᡣ
ʱͻȻʵԣǺү
˵ʱˡ
ųȥϣͻȻȫǾӨᡣ
һᣬæ˹ȥҵȻĺүٰҪǲţԿϵ̥ǡ
һ⻰˲ߺ
ųϵ̥ǿǳؿϵģ
ֻͲ˽ٸ˵ôȻű˵˵˳
һɨͻȻž
ʱ䣬ɫˡ
ӻأ
ų쵰
ƫƫų˵Ҫǻţһ˵˵Ǵ鵱顣
õŭ𣺡ųұ죡
ų
յصͻȻʲô˱¥ľӣ
ųʶ˵ͷʵ;ϵİ̺ۺˣֻǵӡӣһֱûվӡ
챦¥ţ̶Ĳҵ˵մմ˾ӻ
-

414 òɣ

۾أ
ڡų˵ͻȻʲôҪҪӣȥ̶˵һͼ
֮ǰһֱûôԼ͵͵ȥ򣬾ǲȷϵİ̺ûлָ̬ûת
Ѿָˣһǿų̸̸ŻָģȻܸˡ
ܲܵãÿأ
ڿɲȱǮӻǻġ
ȴЩˬ
Ҫ¥ľأ
ֻ´̼ųһֱûȥ򣬻׼۾¡
ųãһ͵͵κ͵͵˱¥ľӣ
ڻϸƣ
澵ô
ֲǸСӣ
ֻ뵽̣˵ҩȻκһֱڰѰҽ
ָˣɵúúлл㿴ǱϺȥл
ػִеġ
οų壬˵ÿ
֮ǰ̫ҽ˵ų˵ࡣ
ؿ徣
ųǰƽָƽƽܹ꣬ͷϡ
֮ǰųûָÿجΣμͻȻûˡ
ӹþ͸һˮûʲô
ųָ˺üͻȻ;ãͷ
ڣȲҽ顣
Ǳţһ̶Ըȡ
ϧڶˣ϶
Ҳ졣
Ҫ׼Բܵˡ
ų˵ɣ̶ûϱü˽Ժ׬ǮҪɣԺ͵Ǯˡ
˲ɵۡ
û뵽ųŻָò˾ˡ
֮ǰƽԼҪҪġ
ڶ뵽׬Ǯˣ
ϱ⣡
ܲҪ
ſڣȰ˵䣬˭֪ų˵ˣôûϲˣҶˡ
˵濿á֣һųĻüͷȻҵҽ϶ܹ꣬ҸӲܣ
ųҲϲ֣Ǵ˴ǣҴˣҿ϶꣬ͷϣá
𾪵ؿһĻ·𶼲ʶ濸ųˡ
ųôãɴû뵽ų濻һ棡
𾪹ܿɿ
ⳤ͸ˮһѹֵ˴
ųòһָˮڻ˹
Ҳôѹˡ
濿𾪵ӣϽ͹ܼҴ˳ȥ
Ҫų˵أһų˵ʲô˻ɲñˡ
ž˿Ц濣ֿ˿üɫųͻȻܲϰߡ
ųʱųͻȻŤͷ˹
ž˲Цס
սһͿųͻȻˣС֮ǰô˵ģӳСҪɱӣ
žϵЦ˲佩ӲˣףҡҲǹģ
Ķ֪øСһˣȻװ
Ҫ֪˵Ļô
ԩˣ
ǵģ̸࣬ȻһֱǣֱڣͻȻһܵǰ
׼ûС
Ҫ֪׵ָܹҲֳ
žи̹ٿųͻȻͺ
ô죿
׸òɣ
Ͻ㵽ĸ󣺡ĸȾңЩǶԸ˵ģ
濰֣Ȼüһصų㻹ֶӣ
Ҫһֱҩ£ô㣿Ҳվӣģ˭ϵó
Ǳ¼ˣ϶ҲҪǱ֮˼ٰģʲôʸֶӣ
ųʱҲû뵽ҩȻЧ
ͻȻʵЩ˰أ
ųʶ˵Ѿû
⻰ͼϵİ̺Ҳûˣ֪ҩЧˣҲǣҪҩûЧ϶ã
ųȻ֪£Ȼһֱǣ㵽к;ģ֪жൣ
ҵĵҹҹ˯ţϴ棬㵹ãȻ͵͵κˣ
ųԽԽ飬ȴֻʣۺ
̲ס濱ЩˣҴˣҲ㡣
濿ϤϢҲͲסش
-

415 췴ɣ

žʹ޵ͻȻɬѣſ
ǣѾǶŷ˹ʱ򣬴Զ˲ﴫĿ
˶ˡ
ô£
˺үôͻȻˣ
޵ôģ
ѵүˣ
Ѿ뵽ܣŵò̡
ھʱ˹Ƕ˺ˣҽȥ˵һ
濺žĿҲ᲻ѡ
үòָҲָ˴ǰӡ
ⳤͷˡ
ֽȥ󣬲Ŀܿͣ
ȻֹһСųѾͷ˽ȥ
ŷ˲ϰų͵͵˿
˸ǲˣ
ĿˣܹϷˡ
޶÷ĸоǲһ˶˺öࡣ
ǰһ˶ԣܳʲôɽ亣ζƵġ
ܹɶ˳̡
ٷúú룬ôлŶԡ

һߣ
̺սҲš
ֵǣţͻȻ硣
˺ü
Ӧ죬һʱŤͷȻ˿ûٳˡ
սŷ룬ɵشôô磿ŲǷ纮ѵڱ㣿
쵰ö˺ް
ոմĳ̣
Щط˵ڱ˵Һûأ
սҡҡͷֻ˵Ҫ˵ûôϴ磿϶ڱ㣡
̲мߣң˭ӣ
ܲǸĸɣ
û飬ĸʲô
ոմǶ˵㣬ѵڱ
ģñ˭
뵽ͻȻ˵ˣ˵¥رãʱ˻
սǫЦЦûʲôҲǽһ쿪ţӵ˱Ƚ϶ˣԺͲˡ
ѾͨԤ˭ɵȥŶѽ
Ѿƿǲ̫͡
ȶ౸Ϳٿһˡ
ڵǿȰ׼
ս⾭θڶ˲١
ź󣬳ЩƵȥš
ϻĲ£ɲڼ̫á
򸸻Ҫ֪ˣԸñӳ
ļ죬¥ȻûŶӵˣȴ١
ҪôӵģҪôѯʳʱġ
ģͦ֡
ͬʱܶģҾߵģףҪ
Ҳע˾ӣΪˣһ۾Ƴ˾ͷ¿
ûţǾףҪ¥
ӵĲ̫ͣѰȻûоܾĵ
Ϊ˽ûֱӴӦ̻˸׶
ȻŴͷһЩȽϿס˺
ľ̫ͣǾĲ
ܶྵҪ죬պܸӣɲһɵġ
̻Ǿ˺ܶࡣ
ҲԽԽ
ϧ֮ǰµĶ̫࣬ÿ컹µĶ˳ûܰԤĶĨƽˡ
ӵֻܵȡ
ϲµĶǱȽģԾڱ¥ŵĵڶ죬õϲľӡ
ֳֵľӣɵģǶͺΪװΡ
ףʮ¡
һ⾵ӾϲˣȲؽ˹ȥա
˭֪տһۣͱճŵˣ
ͷŮ
ܹϵķӣ
ǲҰ׵ɫҲʮֲϲ
ˤ˾ӣʲôƾӣôģ
ͲԸţǸ˻
ֲûչӣôܻô
ϲۿѾˣϽ˹ȥӸסˡ
ɲؿţȥӵʱ򣬿ûӣ
Ҫ⾵һˣԽĿų̶ȣ϶Ҫ¹ͷϣٸǮ
ǿУ
ϲﲻţȴ֪һĻڽȴǰɽˡ
ҵĶϲ˻Ȼҽס
췴ɣ
ŭ⣺˭ӵģ
ϲϽڵϣһϴĹ̬ȣ£ҳͭЩµһãòϰҲӦõģһ澵Ӷ
⻰ȴЦ
ǾԲԼģԿ϶澵ӵ⣡
Ŀô
϶Ǿӻˣ
ԣҪǾӻˣӵô࣬¥ȥˡ
û
Ѳɣֻľ⣿
-

416 ɱ

ܿıۡ
ν߼ʣ߼
Լһֱսͳǿҵ⣬ûս
þ⣬ȻȻͻɵսͷϡ
Ȼܹսսѵ
Ů˿ɲǸ۸ģ
һ뵽սϴιʱսǸ
սĻȴëʻģõǦʡ
ǣϵȻ֣͸Ƶġ
һǷ;ǳ·Լӡ˻ͷ
ʱɰŻˣΪսʲôа
ǷضƬ̶ҵ飬Ȳϲѻ˹ȥҹʦѯʡ
뵽ʦȻǷû⣬Ī룡
ʵڲϲյ
ȻֱӾˡ
ֻǿŻϵԼɣ־û
ǾãǷ϶⡣
ս¹⻭һ϶
̫սȴֻȻ
ֳԺһֱСĽ䱸š
뵽սȻþԸ
ֲɵž￴һУ
ϲľӾ⣡
սô֪澵Ǹģ
ϲ֪ݣ
Ѳɣ˻͵͵ͶЧս
ս֪Ҫӵ£͵͵ϲľӣ
Ǻö񶾵˼
뵽ϲͱԽԽ䡣
ϲ˲侯
ֱӽ𽣬ȴ͵͵ķӦ
̫ˣܵɱ⣡
Ϊʲô
ǽס˾ӣΪҪɱ
ѵΪôһЦɣ𽾹Ҫɱ
ϲ𾪼ˣͬʱ־÷̡
һֱԥ֪òðͶս
˭֪ʲôûͶɱģ
ǲСĽⳡɱ֮˵ôĶ֪
ϲɿ²Ž𽶯ɱĵԭ
ź˽գǱȽ˽ġ
˼ȥĲµһЩ˼
֮ǰ˵⾵⣬Ҫ˾ӡ
¾ӱһȴ䵽ͷϣͰѾӸסˡ
ȻԺ󣬽̬ȴ䣬ɱģ
ԣ϶ǳ⾵ͷ
ϲת³ԭ̽˵澵ū澽մӱ¥ȡģǵ»⾵⣬ʦ
⾵Ա¥⣬¥ȻѲ˸ϵ»С̫ݹأȻܴ⡣
һ˵Ǳˡ
ǰ⾵Ҫ⣬õ֤ݣ
ҪǰѾӸˣǰ֤ݸˣ
Ǵӱ¥ģҪ⣬¥϶Ҳ⣡
˵ⱦ¥֮ͷǳ
쿪ŲŰ죬˻
˴۽硣
ɲʲô˻޷̻ϲֶ̨ΰˡ
ֻҪ˵٣Ȼܹᣬ߼
ֶΣмΪС
ǣսþԸɲԴУ
ͨ澵ץסսİѱܹսαĿøĸ󿴵Ұģܻ˱¥⣡
һ¥ľӳ⣬˭⾵ӣ
ԣֻҪ֤սþ¥ҲͲˡ
뵽ٿϲʱеɱ⵹ȥ˲١
ǶϲĴ滳ɣ˵ȥ̫ӹ
ϲû⣬ϲžȥʦ
ϲμɣɲҰôҪ֤ݽϲ
ñ˴žȥʦҲġ
ԣֻ̫Գ棬ʦˡ
ʦǻ̫ʦݣ̫룬ûɲһˡ
ʾ֪ˣҲ
⣬еҪ̫ӳ
ǸǧѷĻᣬ˵ܹץסսİѱﻹԸⵢ飿
սõĺô̫ˣԴǲرɽڳ˱أһֱͷ
ǷȥŮ˿϶ԽԽţ
սлΪľУ
ս
ū
ϲ͵͵˿Ͻ˳ȥ
ֻԶ̲֮ס˴ǣЦü䡣
û뵽ȻΪһ澵ӣҪɱ
Ȼ˱˼ɻԥʲôûüء
汳֪Ҫɱˣֲϡ
ʲôûǰｭ˾ӣȻΪһЦɣҪ
⣿
ôܻ⣡
ڵʱ򣬾Ѿ鿴еľӡ
ȷˮյ˺֡
⾵ӣκ覴öᱻճһʮĿ
𽻳кɫãȻɾ⣡
ǿЦ
-

417 

ϲгȴǺԥȥ̫ӳûа㵢顣
Ѿµ˽Ĵ㣬ȻԼҪֺαţ
𽱾ľ⣬Ҫ
Ȱ˵𽣬ӻɣֱҪ
Ȼʣֺαȥ
ԼҪͰһѣ
Դӱµλʦѡ˱ھⲻ۵Сͷ
ܱ˼
һ¶Ȼ⡣
ñ֪ʦԭͲţ޽٣
ϲ̫ܿӳ
֪ǽźˣһʵ̫ģ
ϲ˵̫м̫ӵ£ū̫ӵ¹ȥ
̫Щȣ£
뵽̫Ķӣʱˣѵֶ̫̥ˣ͹ȥ
ϲҪȥûٻػ
ʵ·
̫ߵڳٶȿ˺ܶࡣ
֣Ҫȼʡ٣ٶȻȻͿˡ
̫סĽ󣬳һ³Ϳ첽˽ȥ
Ϊ̫Ľĺӣû˲ʹ߽ȥˡ
ŵЩźĹľһСİԼˤˡ
ǸϽȥûǲʹߵ˽ǰ
Ӻһ
ɫȻҰײҰ׵ģһ˫۾ȴǺģ·ողſ޹
һӾۻˣæʵ𽣬ôˣӲ
ҡҡͷ˵£ϲȥǱ¥һ澵ӣȥˣû򵽣ֻԤ
Ԥ磬վõ˾ӡ˭֪һǾӣ;ûҲ֪ʲôԵʡ
ڳ檶Ҳ۵˺ӡǻˣ֪ô졣
檾͵ģд֮˹ԾֽţҪ˳檺Ͷĺӡ
˵ŵ
æοˣ¥ǶܵĲҵ˭ܶ¥ľֽţ
ðҧ
û뵽ʱˣȻôγ̣
ѵˣ̿ûߥųһ
ǵ׵ܵܣǿû׸磡
ɳô˵ˣֱܲ˵ǳ̻սֽš
˵ͲԸ⻳ǣԸ⣬ΪɩҲ˵Ļ
һۺŻʺȻŪǷǣ̵Ĺϵ
ܿ˵ԭҲã¥ǶܵĲҵûŶԡ
ǵѵˣúʹÿɶ˶ɼĻ֮˶ڰҪǡ
ֶԾǳŶܺܵȥġҶڹУŽӹһ١
⾵Թ⣬˵ԵʣŸĻ֮˿ɳ֮⾵ı檶ĺӡ
£ĺܲǾӿ϶⣬һ;аԵúܡϧʵ׾֮⾹ʲôҲ
Գ檲룬ܷʦ빬һˣʦǻ֮ˣ߻ۣȻܹ⾵ӵ⣡
³ͬ⣬˵˶٣ֽ˵¿⾵ӵ⣬ںδ˶ֽţ
ĻѾУǱ¥ľǺܶ඼⣿
ǰãܺû˸ʺĸپӡЩҲ⣬Ǹʺĸǡ
ȥˣ̲סȥʦ빬
ԭŽĻ˽ǷͻȻС޴
ַ˼飬Уޡ
һ仰˵úܶԣ汻Ǵ֮˻˽ȥھͷֽţǸʺĸǷǳΣգ
оôˣǳΣգ
ԵȷбҪʦ
ʦǲ̫ҽҲһ顣
һͷĨ˶أ
Գܿĸȥʦ빬
ȥ̫ҽԺó̫ҽ
Լ룬ȥ̫ҽʱʮֵ͵
ȻϢǴ۸ŻʺĶ
ȥó̫ҽϢصϢ̫ˣ˭ҲҴ⡣
һǳ߽˶أ
۵֪Ϣûã˵˹š
͸ˡ
˸ȥ뿴Ҫȥ
ͬʱⶫϢǲ˶
ó̫ҽܿ쵽˶ûã۾͵õϢ
ȻЩ
Щ̫ҽȥȻǼһ澵ӣǷĨ˶
һֳֵİɣǶ˺觺顣
Щص㡣
صǣ澵ӷԱ¥
-

418 ŭ

۵õϢɫ˲ȥ
Ȼ̫ҽ鿴¥ľǷĨ˶
ΪҪô
澵ӳ⣬˶ֽţǵΪ¥Ĳҵ
ôѵڻɳ̣
ΪʵۣΪһף۵õϢû취롣
ڣ̫ҽ֮󣬶˵ͷûб¶
ʵ˿
ǾͷҪ͸ˡ
㾵ͷûжǺܲˡ
̫ҽȥ飬˵ɾ⣡
ɾԱ¥ζţڻɳ̣
²۵ɫ쳣ѿ
ûֻŶϢ
ͬʱ澵ӵ˸׶
ӣʹ鲼ߡ
˽ţýܼ顣
Ǵ˶ģ¼
ųĹ涨
Դӳ˹Ůֵ£ʹİȫͺܲġ
¼һأǽŵʱ򣬳Ҫ鿴֮ҪеǼǡ
˭ʲôʱţеʱִڵõǼᡣ
һ⣬ֻҪ鿴ӣܲ
Ҳֹܹ˽ЯΥ֮š
һ飬ܿͲ鵽˽
鵽̫ҽ鿴ľǽź̫ϲģߵ̩Ҳһ澵ӡ
ɵǣ澵ӶǰƴСֳ־ֻǾͬ
õ˾ӣϲȴǽŴľӽĹ
Ȼûã̫ҽ澵ӡ
Ҳ˵ڽϡ
ϲ澵ӣȻǸġ
õӲûã̫ҽ飬Ȼʲô飬óɾӱ˶ֽš
뵽ͶԽϱ˼ֽ١
˵ӺͶϱȻġ
ȻУż޹ûãҪ˵ϲϱǾǼٵģ
ּ޹ûõĶϱܱȵù׶Ҫ
ο⽭𽻹ǰƵġ
˵УΪʼŮǴһ
Ȼδ󶯸λ𣬻ö̥˵˶ĺӣϲŹ֣
ξȻΪԵʣóĳ̣۶͸ᷳˡ
ھͷûвȻȻɡ
ͷжô룿
ǲǻỳǳģ
Ҫ֪ھͷֽţҪĺӣֻô룿
ҪǣҪó֪˽£ֻô룿
һУǽɵġ
ܺ޽٣
Ѿڸ˽𽵱̫
ʲôû
Ȼͷûв⣬黹ǵûĺá
Ҫ봦ý𽣬ºӣûʺЩؾˡ
ڲǶʱ
Ҳִ󣬸ó֪
ĻС˵ģʱֵ֮ǰĹϵ͸ˡ
һ뵽ͳ֮ĹϵҪӰ죬ԽӲ
˭֪Գ֣ѹ½µʱͻȻ˵ǶŹʦˣ
Ϣɫ˲ˡ
ˡ
ȴΪĳʦᣬΪôС£Ȼ˹ʦ
ֲǸɵӣʦô飬Ŀ֪ܲ
̫ҽ龵Ƿж·ڹֻҪԳְϢѹȥ̾Ͳ֪
ǹʦ˵̣ǳѶ֪
ȥ˻Ƕ
˲ģ
Խ룬ɫԽѿ
ѳݺݽѵһ١
ûôֻⶫǱߵϢ
Ҫ֪ʦҪʲô
֪͹ʦ᲻
ǻô
Ĳɣںʱ򣬹ʦ˶
Ȼûã˳
ǻڣԲûֱӰ뵽
˶󣬲óľӡ
ʮֿ˴ʦ빬ʵм֮£òڹʦ
λʦղȴܷɶѪϵ
ϵΪҦ档
ۻǷʱһֱ췴
ڱ˵æıߡ
˵ܹ췴ɹİ
ֵǣ۵ϴλȴԸ볯Ϊ٣ְֻھСͷ
ʵ׽͸
Ȼлİæȴʮּɵ
˭֪˻᲻ٴγ磬ͻȻȥ췴أ
ҦƺҲ֪۵ļɵȻ̫ʦݣȴǺٽ̵̫ӡ
̫Ҳѡ˻رܡ
ǵһΣҦ
-

419 ڣ

Ԥϵǰ㣬ǰŸմŹʦҦų̸Ѿ֪ˡ
յϢʱ򣬺һ
ϾֻϢ֪ȽףɹϢҪ֪ͱȽ鷳ˡ
Ͼʹ۵ĵ̣ڹﰲ֣ˣһ֪ġ
Գ̻֪̫ҽ龵ӵ¡
֪ȥ˹ʦҦ˹ͺ⡣
ϴȻҦʲô
ĸСʵҪʹ
̳Ƭ̣ҡҡͷأùʲôʲô
ϴҦʿ϶֮ǰ֪Ϣ
ʱ򣬸ֻģʵûҪ̫ࡣ
ǰòŸ޽¥ţʮֻ𱬡
Ѿ㹻ۣٲ͵̫ۺˡ
ǡ

ڼҦ
ҦŵľӣЩ⡣
ʵ̫ƶѵΪ澵ӣ
̫òˡ
⽫澵ȡ˳
γ빬Ǹ澵йء
صص˵ͷЩɵ˵̫澵Ӻ˾ЩףԹ²Ųòʦ빬ʦ澵ӿʲôס
һֱ˵ǡʦǡʦҪǿҦ빬Ϊ̫ʦݣΪʦݡ
ҦΪ̫ʦ˵̫빬£޲ס
Ҧ澵ӣ󵭵һЦȻµģƶͿ澵кιŹ֡
ʵһ۾ͿǾһͨľӣκβס
ɳȴ˵̫⾵Ӻ˾Щס
ɾ̫˼ˡ
֪һֱһ־ӡ
˵ǾðƳɣˮ˺֡
ó澵ӣǴеһˡ
ĵȻھͷ⾵˺ü죬Ǵǵ
ߵСͯʹǷӡ
ʱܲڿǿԵġ
ҦĻ˽͵Ҧ
ҦȻͿ⾵Ӳ޲ףȻΪ⾵빬ǻδϸ˵û⣬Ե̫ܣ
ϸһ飬Ȼ˵赣ģ澵Ӳ޲ס
⻰һľͳȥ
û⣬ø˲Ŷԡ
ϧһ㶼˲ֻİûڡ
øŽֵġ
֮ǰ̫ҽ飬̫ҽǼ֮ȴ˵ͷûб¶
ʱ֮󣬾ַǳõԤС
Ҧ⻰͸ζˡ
ȻӲ޲ף̫ҽ飬ʦԵ̫ʦڣ
ƫƫôʦˣȴӲ޲ס
µһУȫ˺֡
ǣ⾵ӳԱ¥¥Ĳҵ
ôø֪ˣ᲻ڻɶܣ
ԽԽأȴֻܹɵ˵Ȼʦô˵ǹ¾ͷˡ
ǰΪ⾵ӱ˶ֽţһֱв֮ͽ߱¥֮УҪݺܡ
ʦ⻰Էˡ
⻰ϸʵҦͣôǻɳ̣ǵ˴
Ҧ΢Ц˿ͦƣǵ̫ʥƶΪ¿
ϲϽ˵Ǿʦˣʦ룡
Ҧ˵ͷųȥ˽̫𽣬Լĺӡ
ֻһۣҦüͷ
һֱķӦüͷ͵ĵʵʦǿʲô
ҲҦüͷЩ
ĻĸǳȥʶʵǾʲôף
ҦһۣҡҡͷӲ޲ףֻǡ
ͽһţͬʣֻʲô
Ҧ̾Ϣһ̫豣ط壬м˼ǹء
˶٣óһɫľƣ˵ƶƽƣѾ⣬̫ڴͷܹ̫ĸƽ
Դϲ۾˲ŷȵĹ
Цסӣ˷ܵʣʦ˵С̫ô
ҦһЦȴûлشֻǸǵ̫أƶȳȥˡ
˵գ㲻Ὥ𽣬ֱת˳ȥ
Ͻȥ
Ҧղ˵ĻЩ⡣
ͷԥƬ̣ʵʦո˵̫˼ǹأ
-

420 

ҦһЦȴûлش⣬˵ƶţľˮ˺֡
ǰϸһƣȷͭܲͬƶùͭոǺܲӦ
סˣ˼
Ҧȴ˵ƶҪȥ£ȸˡ
˵һתߡ
ȻЩźȴû
ȴûпҦת֮ϵЦ˲鶼
ϴ⵽ɡ
һʼû̫⣬˭֪ãҲûȫָ
ʶǴεķɺܲ򵥡
иոտģҲò⡣
ϴ̵Ѿˡ
ո̫ӳе̫𽣬ؿˣ˵˵ȫˡ
һ̥ȷǸӡ
ֻǱϴμʱϵȻѾ޹⡣
մȾùˣ
˵ӣδӣӦʢŶԡ
̫гϵӻ
ֻδӣӦʢ˼Ŷԡ
ϵȻ޹⣬ڻùˣ
ʵǡ
Ҫ㣬ܹǵѾˡ
гΪ̫ӣӦʢϧϵҲѰࡣ
ûмλĿܡ
ѵ˵
Ϊʲô
Ϊλ
УҸᣬϸλصС
ڣȥۡ
ͻȻܵøһСĻҪӼɵˡ
Ҧ䴽ǣȻʹе˼ȫ
ûãͼۡ
ҦЦе񣺡ƶ¡
۹ʵôˣ
Ȼ¡ҦЦЦƶҹ󣬷ֱµ˲ٱԽ˹
⻰˲侯
ѲɣҦҪǧۣ
̽ʣŶҪʲô
ҦʵƶҪһ֪¿ɷ
ۣ
ΪҦҪǧۣԥҪҪϺȻҪӣ
һȴֻл˵澵ӣҲֵ
Ҧ·ûлЦе˵ƶոѾ̫Ӵˣˮ˺֣ƶһ۾ϲˡ
ϧ̫ƺ࣬Ǳв٣ƶźչһ档
ⷬ۾Ϻ껰л
Ҧʶʮ꣬ϺȻһֱ͸ȴǿ˼֡
Ҧǰ˵ôһԲ˵ϻ
˵ʲôˮ˺֣϶ʲô⡣
ֻէȻţһʱҲ²
۲ǻίԼӣٲ£ֱʵСӽȥѵΪ㿴ӣ
Ҧų̫ͣҲǵ̫к
ʵѵʲôãΪ澵ӣ
Ҧ͵ƶ̫ɫǲ̫ã˺֣ʹã̫ϰߣЩܾҲġ
۾ͺˡ
Գʦڵģ̫ҽ龵ӣʦ򲻹̫һվӣΪ̫ŵˣ
̫
ۺɵؿҦԭҲ̫ˣҦƭ
ҦЦЦٴλл˵ƶ̫ɫ̫ãӦ̫ҽ׵
ۣ
ԣΪɫãԱճԼŵˣɾ⣿
͸ˡ
Ҧһۣúġ
ϺȻЩ׽͸ӹɵġ
Ƕڳͷ²š
ν˹ɾͱˡ
˼ƽϣ˵ʦãһΪҪ֮£ùʦޡ
Ȼˣ͸޺úøɻ͵ˣ
Ҧ
ȻνȷһЩĿģǰһͷɻе㲻ˬô죿

⣬˸̡
򷢵˺󣬳ѾȲʵ磬˵ҦϺˣ
˵ϴ󵽵ʲô˼ȻϺǶ˰ɣ
صһۣ˼ʲôأﶦʢϴ󲻻ʲôġ
˭֪أѺһͻȻһת磬ǶľӦòٰɣܲܡ
ܣ̷ɿɩӵĲҵͱˡ
ѿͰ͵磡ֲҪҸǮ׸磬Ͳͨһ£
̣
-

421 Ʊ

̱Ѳû취Ǹü澵ӡ
û˳ܵܣȻˣȴҲݺթ˳һѳѶƻˡ
ӵۿɲˣһǼ۸ͻȻ˸⡣
ͬʱĳҲܡ
԰ҦͳȥﲻĥҦ˵Щģĥ͸Ҧ˼
Ȼͺˡ
ûô
˵ܵܳЦͰˣϾԼֵܣ㶪Ҳûǰ
ξͲһˡ
Ҧǰɶˡ
οô̫ҽ龵ӣʲ֪ܲϢ
Ҫʧˡ
뵽ܣ̲סĻš
ȻΪ̫ӣɵ̫Ӻû¹ʲô󹦡
飬Ҳøʺܲ⡣
Ķȴ湦
֮ǰˮ࣬ǺǦʸǧۣ˲õĹ͡
һȫܸܵȥˡ
Ψһȳĵطž̫УͿҪϸˡ
ڵãΪһ澵ӣȻʦڣʲôûνǶ˴
һȥɾĶˡ
·ڹӦôȥ
οԼһ뵽һеףɫȥ
룬תȥ˽
ǰˣٷȥԺ󻹲֪ǳʲô
ȥ˵˵
𽻹˷ܡ
Ȼ;ûǸӣ̫ҽҲô˵ġ
ֻҪһûûװġ
ںˣ˹ʦĻﻳĿ϶С̫ˣ
ʦƽƸɼǿС̫ġ
ȻʦվߣﻹҪ
սЩΣ
Щ漼ɰˡ
йʦӣսܱȵģ
뵽̲סڴͷƽƿȥ
ɫƽϵ·ĳ֡
ϲֻƽƳظС
һ;쳣ġ
ʱ˽
𽿴üɫЦ£ˣ
ǲͺӣǵİɣ
һǰ
ȿǿɫƽƣȻĿһתϿȥ
ʱڴϣ˺üӣɵø
ոͷվһһ·߻˫ǣܲѡ
ڴȻϸϸŽ𽡣
ٶŽϸϸҦĻ̲ס˼ۡ
һͷ֣ϵױЩء
էһĻãҪýϸͻᷢԵϸۡ
ЩϸۣʶҦĻ
˵˺֣һʹõ˶Ȼܲϰߡ
ɲô
쿴ʱ򣬲Ҳһ
ȷʵյ̫ˣϰͭͻȻǺܲӦ
ңҲ̫СˣȻղȫԵر
뵽£̲סơ
Ȼ뵽˽𽡣
ˡ
ʱȻܲӦȴҲûӱֽš
𽣿
˵⣬ʦǾӡ
ڸﻢ¡
ԽԽʹ죬ɫҲԽԽ⡣
£ΪҦǾ䡰ĸƽ˷ܵüɫĽ𽣬ǲ˳ĲԾ
ųѿɫͻȻ⡱һЩ
̽ʣѵˣ
⻰̲ס˵ʦѾˣ澵Ӳûбֽţ㰲𣿡
˵ʱҲ˼֡
Щ壬һ֪ںܲˡ
𽲻Щʹ졣
ҲĴǶˣ
𽰵һܿ˵Ȼʦ˵û⣬檻ʲôĵģ
˵ͻȻ̾˿ԲĶ˵Դӻ⺢ӣ檾һֱ̫ȡ
˵úʹþȻ¶֮󣬳͸ˡĻ֮ͽڰŻ֡
檻˵µĵӣõİӣΪ˱סӣһֱսսԨı
ǰζ̥ǰѳ檸ŵòᡣò׺ӴЩۿٹ¾ܳҴ⣿
ʵһΣ֮ʦ澵ӣֻʦ泼檿
ɹʦݲǰһֱҸ鷳Żܾ֮󣬸¿ڡ
Ҫ檸Ըֻܷǳ檶ﻹźӣɷȺٷ檣
ⷬ˵ʲô
ﻹźӣ̥ܶѵȥ
-

422 ѡ

ʹƣȴҲ֪ڻУܷ
ֻ˵澵ȷʵʲôⶼûУֻһʹãԲŻòϰߡ
Ժɹˣǹв֮ͽѵܴк㲻ɣ
ʦҲ˵ˣҪ̥м˼ǹأԣ̫ˡ
⾵ӳԱ¥¥ǶܵĲҵ㻳⾵ӣڻɹµĶܣ
ҪǴȥøʺĸô룿ö֪ܺˣǻô룿
Ȼû𷣽𽣬ȴǰԭ˵˳ָ˵ϵԺ
Ȼ֪ͷġ
ȻĻҲֱڣŸȥʦ
ȴҲȷʵû뵽
񿪿ڵʱþ⣬Ÿô˵
뵽ʦ֮󣬾Ȼ˵û⣬˵м˼ǹأ
ⲻ˵̫ô
뵱ûģ뵽Ȼ˵˳
ڿǻУȻһҲ࣬ôװ׵ش
ܳûĶִˣ𽻹Ǿϻģ͸˶Ƶġ
ίغ۾ؿų񣺡ֳô֪ˣֻʵڵĺӡ
ǣ֪㵣ĺӣҲڹ㣬ֻϣԺٺ˼ˡȻĺӣ͸úú̥ǣ˼ʲô
˵Щؿ۽ϵױ̲ס˵ϴ˰ɣúϢˡ
ʱױȷʵЩء
ƽҲֻǽվӣԼɫʵ̫ˣ̫ҽʦ
Ը̫ҽ͹ʦǰأ
Ůصױݡ
ΪԵԼ˾ӵӰ죬øҰף۾ΧҲ֬Ⱦһ£͸һ
ûע⣬ҦĻ˺üۣȻͷֽϻױĺۼ
Բȥϴ
ϧһģϣ̫ࡣ
ȴġ
Źսңȫ룿
ˣ˼ڴӦ
һ㲵ӣȴǹɴӦˣҲ˿Ϊȥˡ
һ밲ο𽼸䡣
˭֪ʱͻȻˣȥ˵Ҫ
񲻸ҵ飬Ͻˡ
һߣոջ㲹ɵĽЦ
̺ۼƺˣֻСȰ¿ĪҪˣС̫Ҫ
һʶӣЩ˵㶼֪С̫Ҫ̫ӵãȻ
һ澵ôһǾӾ;òѵûô̫⣬С̫Ǳ
ʦ̫ʦʲôõģ̫Ҳ߯Сˣʦﱾ˿Ȼֱ
̺ԭҲΪǾ⣬ûŷǽСˡ
ʵǲ˵ģֻСȰҲ֪̫Ӿӣֺα
ֻú̥ƽС̫Ĺ͡ʱ򣬻˭ƽϵµĹ
˵ͷ⵹ǣС̫Ҫģ̥С̫ƽ
̺룬Щģ£˵°̫ӽйȥΪʲôǱ¹
ȴôģ˵޷಻ǰ̫ӽйȥһٰˣѵֱôﻹС̫أ
ڻУ̫ӵĵһӣۺŻʺĵһӡ
ģۻŻʺ󣬶ΪС¾͹
ȴ֪ˡ
ѾԽ𽲻νǳ飬ǹҪ̫Ӹ֮Ĺϵ
һѳйȥһ٣˸
Щսʱʱ¶湦
̫۷ǳʧˡ
޹ûþͻУۻ˶߿һۡ
뵽𽻳кȻʱʱ¶Ҳôá
һξ֮£İ۸ˡ
һŭ֮£˹ŮӨӨ񵱲
Դս湦۾̫
̫
ǽѾУ̫ܲܰˡ
Ǿֻܸѡð
ӨӨǹŮѧԨԴҲЩ漼ɵĶ
Ҳʲô̫ӣһ
һ뵽Щ̲סЩڴ
-

423 ֶ̥

֪󣬺ּܿѡ֮ŮӨӨΪ̫Ӳ
ص󣬲ûа¸߽𽡣
۳һ٣ٴʺͣҲ̲סԽԹ
Ž𽣬ȴΪֻǵĴ̼˵ĺӡ
һӣۿٹþܳ
Բܳκβ
ǽ˴̼⺢СҲ̫ˡ
ʱο̫ӣ
°ֻô
ȻԽǶĺӣǷǳϲġ
£뵽ǰŸջضۺžּ
ȻǶԽ̫ΪѾȲҪòˡ
Ϣʱ򣬺ε̾˿
˷ϢԲý֪
㵽ʱǴ㾡ܵס𽡣
˭֪ûã˴Ҵ˵ǽ𽶯̥
һϢɫ˲ȥ
ǰͨı̺ۣ̫ΪλͻȻ̥֮ǰߵʱǻúõ𣿡
̺𾪵ǽźˣܶΡ
ӡƢǳãûиҲδЩźĹˡ
δӡ
ôҲû뵽Ȼһ档
ԭɫҲô
ԭĿҲô䡣
Ǳһܰ˵
̺ͻȻ̫
Ϊ̫̥
ǣ̫ǰҲûж̥̫Ӵδ
̺۾żˣֻС˵ū澡ūҲ֪ô£¡ʵ澵Ӻ󣬾˵Ӳ̫
ʦˣ²žû˲٣һ㶼ˡ֪ڲǰͻȻͻȻͶ̥
ҵ˵ţȴûȥ
˵˻ѡ
ʵ˵ּѡ˹ŮӨӨ̫Ӳ˴̼̥
˵
һֱڽĿܻ֪ͷϢ
Ҫ֪ʲô϶Щź˵ġ
һ˵̫ӵŹ
ۿ̫ӾҪиٶԽ𽲻ǽԺǸѹ
𽲻ãЩźʲôã
νͻȻ̥̫һ϶иͲ
ǸͲ˭
̺۲ȥֻ̫ӿڽС̫ϣĹһء
˱̺һۣûټʣߵ·
̺۰˿Ͻ·
ܿϵ˽
û߽ȥͷʹĲҽ
ǽġ
ڲҽС
ʹ༫ˡ
˲üͷץֿ̩첽˽ȥ
ܶԽʮֲɽϾĺӡ
οǳɻ鵽ڣʵҲûá
ɵ׻ǶĸЩ
㲻ΪĺӣҲϣ¡
߽ȥ󣬳ͿڴϲҽУʪģͷ˿ճͷǱˡ
ͬʱһҽŮڸġ
ͷ̫ҽһãԲߡ
𽿴ʹ༫ˣһ۾ͱŷȵĹ
ˮͻȻ˾һ㣬
ӯӯųͻȻػһ֣¡
ģ⸱ģֻʣۡ
̾˿ߵߣס˽֣ĵʵô𣿡
⻰۵Ѹٻһ⡣
ץס֣ȻЦЦ檿£Ͳˡ
ϵЦݣЩ
Ȼţһ¡
ͻȻ̥治Ϊ֪˲һ
ѾϢô֪ģ
̺˵澵Ӻ󣬶ӾͲ˹ʦźͻȻ̥
ɹʦѾ˵澵Ӹû⣬ֻյ̫𽿴Լɫõӣűŵˡ
˵ףֻܹԼɫã̫ࡣ
̥ȻƵ澵ͷ
̺ô˵ǽ˼Լ˼
֪ѾϺʹ˶Ҫǵá
᲻ᣬ̫Ҳ˶ˣ
̺ȻģδؾͲᱻˡ
ǰãĸ˲ˡ
ⶫǲҲһˣ
ˣζ̥±Ϳɡ
Ϊ˸̥λ̫ҽֱס˶
źˣ˭֣ܶ
뵽ġ
뵽ͻȻŽʵΪʲôͻȻ̥
-

424 ˼

һ£û뵽Ȼֱ
ڶܳˣѵలο
˵ΪʲôͻȻַǳõԤС
ȴûô
֮ǰ̫ãαð¸
źˣúúһ
ԲЩ˼ȥﶯֽţıã
Խ𽻹иģԸȥԼĽᷢӡ
Ȼû⣬ôĿ϶Ǳˣ
̺ۣͷǳɣ
Ž۾ٴʵ𽣬߹£ΪʲôͻȻ̥ǲ˶˵ʲô
ᣬȻڽȴһ䡣
㵱ȻԼʲôʶΪǷˣ
ûдֱϴǹʵǡʲô𣿡
ԥҪҪ顣
һ㶼ϣȢ
ǳΪ̫ӣֻһŮˡ
ǲ룡
ﻹųĶӣһֱûȥЩС
ΪʲôҪʱͻȻȢ
δ棿
Ҳԥ
ȷ𽵽ΪʲôŶ̥Ȼ֪˲£Ҳҿ϶
һˣ𽲢֪£ͻȻʳŪɳ׾
Ѿ̥Ҫ֪Ϊѡ˲˺ܿͻǸܴ̼
ٴʵ𽣬߹£㶼ʲôΪʲôͻȻ̥ʱʲô
ԥһ˾
ҧҧųͻȻ¡
һ⸱ģ̾ʶȻ֪ˣ
ЩǿŽӣˡ
ңýǱˡ
϶ߵ֪ϢҪŹ
˺
֮ǰ̫ҽ˵λ̫ʦҲ˵˼ǹء
ǣһŮӣĻϲ֮˹˵ʲô˼ǹأ
Щ˲ĸ
ɱģȴȻһƵģ
Ž𽣬ᡰ֪˸㣬ѾּΪѡ˲߹£˭ģ
òԾϸϸų⻰ͻȻʶҪǰ˹ȻŹˣ
װûĻʵԸʥּ˹˵Ůµ𣿡
̲סʣΪŶ̥㲻ˣùȢ
ɬһЦĵ˵ȷʵˣϲ£ϣܹ͵³þãͷϣ
ǳףΪ̫Ͳô˽²ǳһ˵ģ˵ġ
Գ檴Ӳֻгһˣֻϣܹռ¾һЩȴû뵽һ쾹Ȼ硣
˵ϵЦԽɬǳ̫˽ˣ檲ôġ𷣳檰ɣ檴ˡ
ô˵ﵹûʮá
ذοǸӣҲǸϸ̫ᷣ㣿
ԭҲǾòżȢôҲҪƽº˵
ǡͻȻ˳û취ֻܾίˡģ²Ṽġ
˹ǹµ̫ⶫŮˣ˭ҲԽȥ
˵û취ܾʱ򣬳
ʵϣʽйȥһٺ󣬾˵ҪȢ
̫ӲãûºӣҪӡ
ǰǺüµʱ䡣
ܲû˴ûʺܡ
ԣøȢ̫
ʱԽиҲ̫Ϳ԰̥
֮󣬸ָɫ˼ҵŮͷһ
ʱǹʹģ˹ŮӨӨ
ƺӨӨҲʮ⣬˵ڼҵʱȺ飬ǸѵõĲŮ
˵Ϊʲôʱ˵ӨӨȺ飬ʶ뵽ϡ
˵Ǵˮ֮󣬾ϲ˿顣
˺ܶȥѧҽ
ӹżҳһЩףճˮ࣬Ǧʡ
״Ԫ¥Ҳ¡Զ
ֻǲ֪ӨӨΡ
飬δʲôǶ湦
ӨӨҲͲٱѹôˡ
ֻǣЩ˼ԼҳϣҸ߽𽡣
񲻶ϰοԼĲԽ׻Щ顣
-

425 װ

ĻЩ
ȻɷǳζѾĴл˹
Сʹ֪ԼҪʲôҲ֪ôǶԼõġ
˵ʱƲסԣǹؼʱԼʲô
ǰϲ̽Ϣȷ˺ܴ̼̥
ʱʹˣæñ̺ȡǿƽƣ˶ϡ
֮Ҳ֪ǲĴƽƷȥ;öůģûôʹˡ
ñ̺ȥ˳
ôĴ̼̥ܲó֪
Ϊ֮£Ż
뵽ӨӨҪΪĲ͸ⲻʹ졣
ڻŶӣʾȻ˿˼С̫ôȲظ˸
ʲô˼

뾯
Ϊ澵ӣΪʦ˶
ǲʺͷߺޣ֪Щܱ¶һģ
עųȻƽЦе仰檾ˡ
У̵ܷ£ýǺ¡
·ģڹʱ͸ʶ˹Ȼ׽һչˡ
ô˵˿ͬʱҲ⽭塣
Ц˵Ҫƽ¶ĺӣҪչ˭ֻҪܹúƽĹֻ͡ϣܹĸƽ𣿡
ɬЦס
ȻҲƽºӡ
ӿʦصģδ̣Ȼñˡ
ӨӨ˲Σ
ܿС̫ѵӨӨԽȥ
ӨӨ˹ҲǸ
νǸ檣
ҪʵͰˣҪǸҸ裬Ǿͱĺ
ЦᣬȴڲмЦ
˭֪ʱͻȻ¡
Ž𽣬ͻȻʵˣ£˭ģ
ԥһ˲뵽ϲ澵ӣ׻Ǿý黳
ɱȻ
ϲ˻ͦõģڲ̫ˡ
ҲգǸūŰˡ
ڵݣֵûô
ͷôˣûϲһˡ
ֻǡ
𽿴ųһŵĺ⣬ͻȻЩ
ǣ͵͵̺ʹ˸ɫ
Ȼסӣʹüͷ£檶Ӻʹ
һʱﻹ˼ȥܱģ
æʵô£ôͻȻʹˣ
ûȽش͵ؿҽŮʵ̫Ķô£
ҽŮľɵؿ۽Ķӡ
ô£
û밡
뵽ĺӣԽԽţϽ˸
ϸϸŽҽŮͻȻʲô
̧۳𽿴ȥԾʹģЩ
һֱû˵ɴ̫ҽȥ
ҽŮ״Ͻ˿λ˳
ֻǽĶϻ룬ûǱӡ
Լ̫ҽһȥͿͦĶӣͷ롣
ŵü̫ҽϽƿĿⲻҶ࿴
񿴵̫ҽŵǸ顣
˲鿴ˡ
ûʲô⣬ôܻʹ
װİɣ
뵽ǰϢ˵ٿʱ񶼱ø
Դӽ𽶯̥Ǿһֱס˶̥
ΪĺӰȣÿ춼ƽ
˲֪ٴν᲻֪ĵУ
ֻǽֻ̫źӡǲ⣬̫Ժ̳дͳ𽵽ʱǻʺ
ӣԺܻܿǳļ̳ˡ
Ǿ㿴ʲôҵｭ𽣿
ֻ︹һ¡
˭Ҳû˵װģֻСظ̥ҩ
æһ󣬱̺Ϣ˽
ӣװߵ˴ߡ
Ȼ󱳶ˣƳʹ˸ɫ
֪Ѿˣ΢΢һȻ˹ȥ
ֹһСŶԳ˵£Ѿöˡ
ϹЦݣ˿αװĺۼ
ü̫ҽǰľýЩ¡
ȴֳЦЦ༸λˡ
̫ҽǺƴȵЦݣֻû䣬Ҷ˵
ͲһɶȽҪöࡣ
ģԸ𽵱游ˡ
뵽ССͣȻװô
̫ˣ
ҽ֪װģ
̫ҽҲɵ˵
һû£˿Ȼȷ˺üأ̫ҽǳȥ
-

426 

̫ҽߺ󣬹ϢؽЩҵķʰøɸɾ
һûˣٴ¡
ʼջɽв֮ͽŽʹǼᶨ˲Է˼
˵𽣬»ߵ˲ԾѾ˺ü̥̫ˣ
ܲܺú룬Щ˱ȽϿɣ¾֮ǰ˵Ĳ϶˶ڰҪ㡣
źЩˣûпɵģҪǾ˭ɣ˵°
Ȼв²⣬⻰ʱ̲סĻš
ڣѾ׼
ղű̺۳ȥѾźһУȫӦȥ
ϲ
ȷǲˣȴϲڳһ˵ʲôɾͲˡ
Щ飬Բó֪
뵽üͷ˵ôһ˵檵뵽һˡ֮ǰ¸뿪󣬳檾ڷ˼
˺ܶ࣬ȷʵЩСˣ˵¡ʦ˵ûȷЩˡ
˵̾˿ȻְԹ˵檷˼˺ܾãȵ»͸µǸ
һŮͻȻŻŵ˽˵ǸͻȻּ˲˵ʺҪγ檵
檵ʱһţȻ;öʹֻǵʱ檶̥ʹûû⵽ǸСŮȥ˺δ
񵱼ŭԭ޷˳飡һȻǰ˵˵¿ǻˣ
;֣ʦŸƽƣôֶ̥
ԭ˺˵˵
Ҳǣ˵ټʱ򣬶̲סĻš
οǼ澾ȻԽ˵Ҫ
һŮĻ᲻ܾ
뵽Ͻοˣģں˵˵ʴδ˵Ҫ
𽾪ϲЦ˵˵Ĳγ檵
Ц᣺֮У壬Ҹ
ԣЦݶò
ο֮󣬺ܿȥеСŮ
ûãСŮͱ˳
Ȼóû뵽ǣ˲鵽ʱСŮѾԾ
ôˡ
ΪСŮһ¾͸ùȥˡ
ȴû뵽Ϣ󳹵ŭҪȫһ飡
Ͻס²ɣ
ɲó񳹲飬Ҫǳʲôô죿
ɫܲÿ𽣬ſ½һ
ų񲻷֣£򲻿ɣǳ̫ˣϢ϶ᴫʺĸʱ򣬸ʺĸô룿
˲ɫȴŭ˵赣ģ¾ãҲ˼
ڹԼ飬Ǹʷ⡣ɹҪʲô鲻˵øʻԲ飡
⻰ŵûӲˡ
ϴλʹκ󹬣˲ˡ
Գ鶫ʱʲôˣ
תܿ뵽ϲ
ðҧ
ԭΪܳһöСӣͿ԰ڹȥóġ
˭֪һ󣬳񲻽ûаģˡ
ô죿
ˣϲ
ǰϲ׳ȥǲǾó֣ͣ
ϲ֪飬Ҫô죿
ûʱˣ
ŵòУ̽һҪ飬ѵǾöпɵˣ
˵¾ñ̺۾ͺܿɣ
⻰˲ɫŵؽеⲻܣ
̫ˣˣ̶ǰӴྶͥ
ȴ
ο֪ǴСźģû֪֪治֪ģ̺۸ʱԽãԽǵΣҲԽ˺㣡
ƴҡͷģ£̺۾ܻ⣬¶Ȼǻɴˡ
ϲ̺ͣۿѣȴڷɿҪô鷳
ҪǳҪ̺ۣʱʲô
ǣڸû˱̺۵Ŀڡ
ϲ
Ƶҧء
ԭţҪǳɣʵڲоͰϲƳ
뵽Ȼɱ̺ۣ
һͲƳϲˡ
Ǳ̺۶㲻һ٣߻ϲá
򲻵ѣ˱̺ۡ
̺ۻǺܺõģûܶ鶼úܲ㡣
ο̺ҵļӣĸ˶ڽңܻᱳ
ɿ⣬˵£檻Ǿ鲻ס¾Ҫ飬ҲĲ飬ֵöˣҪЦ
ô˵ͻȻЩ
´˵ܵܶǸҪЦ
-

427 ӨӨ

ϸ룬ý˵ȷʵеܴĵز顣
Ȼ̫ˣȥ϶˶롣
£ûǰ顣ֹܷݾߣֲֳ󶯾֪
뵽ؿŽ𽣬޵𽣬ѣ֪ôˡ
Цᣬȴǰ˿
ֻҪӦʱ׼ˡ

⡣
۵ʥּѾ͵ҡ
ӨӨּȴûʲôЦݡ
ɲ뵱ʲô̫Ӳ
̫Ȼ󣬿ǳ̫ˣһ㶼ϲ
ϧʥּ£ûܾһּǾɱͷ֮
ԾٲԸҲֻ
ӨӨ׻вʡ
ص۾ͺˡ
ҹҲǲμ˵ģλ̫ԲʲôƲ硣
Уǲá
¾Ȼʱ빬ɲ
Ůͣᣬ̲סȰ뿪ЩСĿ޻۾
ӨӨ˲᣺֪Щʹ죬ſ޳ܱȱ̹
ε̾˿СʵǲǲԸ⣿
ӨӨ̧ۿʣҸԸ𣿡
Ĭһ˵ū澲ȹûʲô飬ҲЩ
ūֻǾã޸̫ӵ£Ȼǲܱȼ޸Щǿɣ
ǼˣﲻõأǡǡдģСĸų󣬼޸÷
ɽأСһ𳤴ͷ۶ǣ
׵ܣĸˣ
ū澾ãŮҪǼ޴ˣɲһӶˣ
ū˵̫ӵʺʹȣҲŮɫ
λ̫˵ҲǸӡ
޹ȥǲܲܿࡣ
Ǽүǹ飬үİŮ
ǿүϣ̫ӵҲΪ˹
οôã̫ӵ᲻ϲأ
ӨӨô˵Ǿ˲١
Ļ
λ̫˵Ǹӡ
ȻͿǸƲ磬ɽ֪Ŀ
ң
ζţҲŶԸ
ΪԴȣ𽻹Ϊ
ڰЩֶΣžˡ
𽲻Ʋ磬ҲĴ
ʲôµģ
̫ȻЩŮɫͷȷʵԡ
޸ܱȼ޸ЩҪá
ôһ룬ӨӨûôˡ
Ǻܿó
ɫľؽ˳ӨӨžݣһᡣ
ֻ۾ԾЩ죬ᣬԾһίģ
磬ȥˮҪ۾
Եȣūȥˮ
ܿһˮóɾˮʪˣ΢΢šš͵ӨӨǰ
ӨӨ۾ʪӷ˻۾ú˲١
˼Ӻվӣط֣۾ǲˡ
ӨӨ˿
ȥ鷿
æ˹ȥһȰ۾źãֿ飬۾ٿɣū
ӨӨ룬÷˵ûȷʵ۾ͶԷ˵ͷɡ
Ͻӹ飬׼
ֻǿһ¡
ӨӨģȻǻǡǡ
ɲѰŮӻῴ飬ҹȻ뿴
뵽ӨӨЩӵı仯־ûʲôֵġ
Դչ֮ҹͱˡ
ƽ￴飬Ҳˡǡ֮顣
ƺλӰ졣
ϲǡɿȥ
⡶ǡǾЩʫʸ踳л˼
ϧ뿴Ҳֻܸˡ
簵̾˿Ӫš
ӨӨһĽó

һ˵Ů񵱲Ȳȥ˳
磬˵𣿸ʸϴ˸
һȱȱģ㼱ʲôѵҲҪ
ҡҾǾøƫģѷ߷߲ƽ˵ϴ˹ʦʲûȻ˸ⲻ̧𣿡
̻벻˵ˣҦǸѡ̫ʦȥָϴҲӦõģûд
˭֪ϴȥΪʲôѲؿ磬һ㶼Ⱑ
ЦЦʲôģʱϴѡûΪʲô𣿡
£ĺøѾ̫ʮֲԲŲϧʱԸϴ˲
ڴ̫Ҳھ潭ҡ
Ѳ⣺Ϊʲô
-

428 ѵ

ѵĻһͱصһۡ
ʵ㵱ûΪʲô
һ£Ŭ룬˵磬˵ŮǲǾͷ̫ˣҪѹ㣿
ЩȻܹ뵽㡣
һ㣬ʵҲ뵽ˡ
⡣
սˣ˭ȵϵô
ǸӨӨȻûҲûʲôӡ󣬲϶ǱȲսġ
̾ؿ˳һۣζ˵ʵ˼ܲµģҲҪ˵˵øҲһ
ҡʶ뵽Ȼʱ˵ҲҪĻˣ˵ҾͲˣǶ㣬Ҫһ
ԴӴȻ˶ϾͶ˳ݡ
ѾãҪھȢȻǸˡ
ϾΪеĶ̫ܲˡ
ڻᣬӡ
ȵȵ˵
ҪǴȻʵڵãȢˡ
ȴѵĻɫѸȥ
Ȣ
սǰͲȢҪôˣǸŮ˻ֱ׳ضַ˯
Ųսᣡ
Խصųܵܣ˵㶼˵˸ôѹңʱҪøʻô
ǵȥᣬֻøʾĸϴ
Ȼȷʵ˼ǸʼȻѾɵ͸ϸЩøʼɻ顣
ʱȥᣬøʶӼɵ֮⣬ʲôô
һʵ˸ɾ͵òʧˡ
ԸʶļɵҪ϶ģʱŮ˲ﲻæռŲλӣսнԶ
ӱ¿ˣŻȥְٺһĴ¡
ԽԽݺݵ˳һۺ󣬲˵ˣǸô浱ǸƲ磿Ͻ˶ϴĺԺɾˡ
ô˵ͻȻȤֻЦ˵ǰҾ͵ƺϷˡ

Դӵ֪ԼŮѡΪ̫ӲͿʼձ
Ů̫Ӳ˵Ǻ¡
ǣ̫ӵλÿɲ̫ȵ
Ҫǣλţ湦δ֪Ǹʲô⾰
̫ӣԳͳѵͣû¸
ûбĶӣ̫֮λ϶ȹ̵úܡ
ƫƫ̫ǳ
ڣŮֱѡΪ̫Ӳ
ֻһϰ£ûġ
Ժѣ̫֮λҲ֪Ρ̫ѾףۿžͿ衣
Ů̫ӲҲûʲôơ
ڣ᲻ѵʱ򣬾ֵĴʹˣһϢ
ֵĹѾɹòƬǧۣ
֪Ϣ̾ųƷȥۡ
û̽һ۵̬ȡ
ȻۣǧȥȴǷЩȱȱ
ʱֺܲõԤУѵ˵
Ȼֻ˵֮̾ǰѾʵɹˣƬȷ͸
ּȻҲ˳ͺúоһ£ôⲣ͸ȡ˾£ĪҪиˡ
ֻĿɬ
Ȼ
֪
Ȼ˻ȣ
Ҫܹľ͸ˣﻹ˻
ȻΣ
Ǹ˻ܸȣ
ŮѾѡΪ̫Ӳɼ¶Ǻġ
̫˵ЩɲŴ鲻ã̫ʹ˺Ϣɼ̫ӵǺܲġ
ӨӨ˶Ϊ̫һŮλþˡ
ʱ򣬱¶ȻҲӿ
Ժӣɲ˻ܱȵġ
ôһ룬ʱʹ˲١
ԥһ£ûȲˡ
Ҫʳ˵Ūɳ׾ñ²ʹ졣
׼ˡ
˭֪ͻȻʵ˵СŮʫ飬һλʵĲŮ
ͷһæǫСŮȷСͰ飬ҲʫдģֻϧǸŮȻĻ˵ܿš
ţ㲻ö
Ͼͷо˸ʿ
ӨӨϾǸңĿҲҿ̫ˣȻֻԵ̫ˡ
˵ţϲܺãҲԶ࿴Щ顣ôǹ飬ŮǼѧԨԴġ
⻰ﲻ˼
ô˵ѵ롭
˼ܿ۵˼
˵ʵСŮƽʱ˿Щʫ飬ῴЩǡ͡Ҫ֮飬Ŷ࿴ЩҲ޷ˡ
-

429 Ҫսȥ

һӨӨϲǡ͡ҪȻʮ⡣
˵Ů̵úܺãԸ⾲Щ飬ܲ޹Ȼûˡ
ܾⷬñ⡣
뵽Ķ۵˼
ٶȹά»棬Ȼῴˡ
۸ղſŮ⻰˵ЩԿ˼
ﻹҪģԿĻҲ˼˵̫ࡣ
˵öˣֻʵ䷴
ܿ˵ȥһСŮ࿴飬̷¡
û˵ϾӨӨǸŮӣк󹬲øĹأʾͺܲʡ
ȴԽ⣬ͦڴӨӨܹʲôζ˵࿴Ǻõģǹ飬̳ŮȻд
սĸǰϹϵ
ܹôණӨӨѧԨԴĶȥɣ
ôһ룬ʱڴˡ
һۣúбҪȥŮûȥˡ
﹧л˶˳ȥ
һֱŬţ߳ȥ󣬻̲סǡ
۵˼ˣ̧Ů̫ӣ̫ӱȥ
ɼۻ̫ӵģûз̫ӵ˼
ֻҪŮʲôպضǰƽ
㵱ϻʺԺҲ̸
ӨӨǺϲ
λȥɵúúø˵˵
ҲǸŮˣǰǸѧġ
ǿ˻飬ڳôණ
ŮѧԨԴСͰ飬ûɱȥ
˵ˣŮУǻô
ѵܱȲһŮˣ
ôһ룬͸˷ˡ
ӣûٳͷҪŮܰȥǿɾˡ
ʱ򣬾̫ƽ¶ӣҲδܹȵùŮ
˵ˣ̫ѵŮͲˣ
ˣͽɶ˶
̫ȴС
Ļûü֣˵¸йأ
뵽ܣͻȻһ亹
ǰδ
֧̫ӵģϲͽ¶ֳ̫Ӹˡ
ڣŮѡΪ̫ӲۿžҪ
ûˣ
һµ̫йأŮΣˣ
УȥúøŮ˵˵׼źˡ
Ů˶֣
ҪŮҲҩⱲӻʲôָ
ԽԽ衣
˹⣬ԼҵϽȥ̻ظ
Ӧһܿ
Դӳ۾ϲ³
ٶҪļ߿˲٣˵ȻǺö
νЧ
۾ãµٹȻǷ׷Ч¡
ԱŲеĳ򣬶ԼҶԼ
Ҳ
ǲͷٶȿ˻ײˡ
ٶ˵ҪЩȴҲȫöࡣ
ֵٵģµľײˡ
ʱ򣬿ɾһλε
ֻǽʱ䣬ϣۿһֱûңЩٶȹȻǲУʱʱԵ׸ˡȻǸѧģĶͻʵ
սҲôôûԶٿ
һ·ѾЩˣͻȻ⻰Щơ
Ǹˣҷ
ֻҧӿٶȣﻹѵүˣ
﷢ٶȷʵˣЩ
ͦһ·ǵ⸮
ϤĴţ˿ǵˡ
Ȳؽ˼š
ҵѾʥּ˵˹Ҫô¡
ӨӨͻȻѡΪ̫Ӳ˵Ǻ£̫ͻȻˣ¶Щ
Ϸֱ˰˹ȥ
ﵽʱֵҲڡ
ΪӨӨѡΪ̫Ӳġ
ϷͼˣһʣͻȻּ⣬ѡǼӨӨ̫Ӳ֪ˣµô£
˻һ˶
Ѿ֪۵̬ȣԲģοýţǺ¡¿ӨӨӨӨĸ
Ͻŵӣ̲סʣ̫ףҪʱ򣬱ôʱѡӨӨ
뵽ϢЦó
˶ӣһЩ鲢ʺ˵
ֻ˵¼ȻôȻбµ⡣֮ⲻǻ¡
-

430 ӨӨҰ

ϷҲǸɵģﲻ϶˵ʶһЩ鲻˵
˵ܹӨӨĸȻˣǾͱˣӨӨǸģ֪ô
˵һ빬ƺֻ̫һ̫оǲ̫淸檡
̫ף϶æ̥ʱ۸ǼӨӨ
ûź̫ӣӨӨ˹ֱ̫ߡ
̫ǸТģǼӨӨ˱¿أ̫Ȼ߿֡
ܲһ߾Ͳˡ
˵ʱѡʱЩԾ
ҲǸʱ
̫ףѵܸǼӨӨô
ӨӨ˹̷̫ӡ
̫ºӣӣǰ˵Ҳðʱ䡣
ʱ䣬㹻ǼӨӨó谮ˣ
ã˵ܻϺӣһٵУ
Ϸ뵽Ҳ쳣˷ܡ
޲ϾӨӨ
ȴ˵ȥӨӨڼʱ䲻ˣЩö
Ϸ˶ʱףһЩҪӨӨ
̵ͷȥɣӨӨּͻطȥˣҲ֪ôģȥ⿪ɱšӡ
ȥʱӨӨ顣
һ֪ǡǡ
Ϊ飬Ĳѧӹɵġ
һЦ
ӨӨʱڿǡɼϲ
ɵúúʣﵽôġ
Ѿ鷿⣬һϥ񣬴غū澼ү
鷿ӨӨͷ֪ˡ
ӨӨ룬Ͳµġ
򴽣վӭףôˣ
ϸӨӨһۣ˵㡣
ӨӨϾǸңԽԽȻΪףŮбƽҲһֱŮ
ϸһŷŮѾԽԽƯ
ԽԽ⣬̲סЦӨӨǸԽԽƯˡ
ӨӨЩɬغ˵ʲô˵ɡ
ôվſɲ㡣
룬ǲ㣬˽ȥλϡ
ȻӨӨ˵ҲɣѾʥּΪ˵˵ôģ
ӨӨЩЦʥּˣѵðɱͷּ
¼ȻּѡΪ̫ӲȥҲȥ
Ȼý̫ӲΨһģԺ·ôߡ
ӨӨ˵¼ȻѡŮ̫ӲŮԵ̷̫ӵ¡
ȴ𰸲Ǻ⣬֪֮ѡ㣬ΪҵŮҴСͰ顣
λȵ֪Щʲô
㣬ϣһЩ˼Ķ
ӨӨʱסˡ
չ磬ǳ𶯣ԺоһЩ˵˼
ԭŮҲô
Щ˼룬ôģ
Ϊ࣬Բ
ϲ˿ǡ͡Ҫкܶ顣
ԿԼܲ
ȻԣƾʲôУ
ϧôãȴûʲôر뷨
˵
Դӡձ˵Ҫðӣ͸档
ֶҪôɾӣ
ϧ˺ü죬Ҳ벻Ȼ
ձ¥ţ𿪲鿴
㷢һЩ
ǱһӲ濴ˮ͸ɫ
ȴͿһᡣ
õӰοһ㱡ģɫĶ
Щ
ôҲ벻ͨôȥġ
ôһ㣬ƽ쳣Ҳ˿塣
ļ̫ˣôģ
ӨӨԴҲ벻вλ˼ԼԸϵļʡ
뵽Ϊ˴ѹȻ̫Ӳ
һЩ˼Ķ
ӨӨʱͷ
ȻȷȥǱĴ㣬ﻹܰģ
Ȳ»᲻ʧ
Ȼ
ӨӨŵȭͷȴʲôҲ˵
˵ԼҲľô䡣
￴ڽţȴ֪Ȼôࡣ
ο㲻ýţŮΪһġ
ʲôģ˵ôܹɽѵ㻹ô
ӨӨʱ˳˼
ʲôأ
뿴ôճģҲ뿴ôġ
ЩսĲҵǳʰۣʩЧ򭣿
ȻҪ͸ã
-

431 Ǻ

ӨӨϸãȴʲôҲ벻
սѾģҪжʩЧɡ
ҪĻ϶ʲôµĶ
ֻǣ¶Ҫеģ
úúС
ӨӨһۣΪѵ˵ףŮú롣
벻Ͱο㲻ýţļԲȶ롣ʵڲУΪڣΪġ
ô˵ȴ뵽˹գ׸۵Ǳ顣
ϵļʮŹ֣ģǳ롣
ǧۺǱ顣
ﵹǸӨӨ뵽һȥˡ
ҲãսѾճ˾ӣǳ˷ͷ
ӨӨҪĻ϶һĶֻ˾ѧ
ԣ϶Щ¶
ӨӨҲܰǱϼصĶ´󹦣
ֻǣǱ뷨ӲС
뵽ٴΰοӨӨԶ࿴飬ʲôҪģԸΪ˵
Ƚ˹Ҫú÷̫ӡ̫ТͣʮദֻҪú£ġ
˵ͻȻλ׵̫
Ͻ˵̫ףǹؼʱ˹ǧǵҪ̫Ҳʲô㡣
ӨӨɵص˵ͷл׽̵Ůˡ
˵꣬뵽Ҫһֽ
ֶü䣬뿪
ߺûãϾˡ
ҲӨӨġ
ϾˣӨӨŮб𣬺ܶ໰û˵͵ĸ׵̵
ҲӨӨһС̫ǧԶЩĪҪ̫
̫ףǳ˰ӣ˿϶ỳ
ΪһӨӨøСġ
϶˺һֽ˵̫һ̥ʮҪǲԼеĺðյġ
֮󣬲ԶҲԶ㣬ûʲô²㡣
¾иһǧСЩΪ˵̫һ̥ĲǺܰȣиһ˵ûԵͷϣ
ӨӨⷬɫЩס
ȻɵɱϾǸδĹңܶ飬̫
Ǹ̥£ƽҲ֪
û뵽ͷȻôơ
ӨӨһѣͷ;쳣
̲ססϵ֣˵ĸףҪúý̽ŮŮ£
ϰο֣ʼھ飺£Ϊ϶㣬š

һߣ
սڸɰ˵ѯʸ̵Ľȣ˿֪Ѿ˶֣ҪԽ
ƽ˵ѡӨӨ̫ӲϢ˳սԣӣū澸ո˵һϢ¸̫˸
ս⻰̧ͷһۡ
¸̫˸
Ȼʱ
ôģ
ѲɣǶ̫ʲô
սʣ˭
ƽ˵˵ǹŮСʫ飬ǸŮأ
սһλݣζЦŮǴŮĵġ
ģйŮ
սЦݷ䡣
ǴӺģ˵δ˵λ˵ŮǸʲôˡ
ôԭܲ³֡
ЩӣķͷЩˡ
̫ȴ̫͵ЩûʲôõóֵĹ
ۼȻ̫ӣȻϣôѹȥ
ѡŮΪ̫ӲΪƽ⡣
ǵ
⵹Ҳ㻵¡
ۼȻ˹Ů˵Ѿʶ˷ǿǵص漼ɡ
ֻҪ˼ˡ
ڹ治ô
ʵ£ûһܹ۵ġ
Ǳȥۻǰﳯ͢سﾡЩ췽ҹ̷Ըš
Ϊ飬ԸǱϵӣ

ﵹãǰţճȻժӣཨȥ
Ǻƣ
³Ѿֻǳ͢سֱӶʲô
Ů̫Ӳǳװ̫Ҵϡ
Ҳ¾ˡ
׼Ǳ飬Ϊש
ؼĶûдͷ
-

432 ί

սЦζ
ֲɵؼĶȫд
ǻҩ䷽ҪĶǵдϣǱɾͲռȥˡ
ű佫Ҫ֪֮ҩ䷽ȽĻ
ܶģ
Ե׼ǱʱΣд֮ǰǰȥؼ˺ü飬ȷû˷ɻݣŽխZɫдһ顣
ĶΪرҪдͷؼĵطȫдʮģ
飬ȷ־ֻ˺ѰͷĶ档
Ѿ˳
۵Ұģ϶°Ǳó
Ǳϣǻ¼ȽĻͼͲ۲ġ
Ҫ˶ãͻ촬׼ˡ
ڵĻֻҪԼͺá
Ů̫ӲΣ
ֲ
λ̫ӲõĵҲ
ͷи˾̫ء
˵λ̫ĶӲ̫ףΪ˱סĺӣֻڴϡ
Ҫ֪ϢӦúܰɣ

սͬظ֧ȻͰ׿ˡ
뵽ƽӣǾһƽ²۵ģúùס졣
ƽŵøæס죬Ͱ͵˵Ǻðɣū澲˵ˡ
սɰ˳ҪЩˣ
ɰϽ˵ǻϰǰûЩԴҶܲϰߣ
¯أ޵ˣ
ѾҪ깤ˡ
ũǱأһпɻ˳
˳̫ЩҪõĻǾ硣
޷޺ãµũˡ
ɰô˵Ҳ̲סϲ
ǰٽӴũ£ũܣЩׯڣйũæµľ󣬵ԽԽϲ
սũ֪ׯһͷϸϸػֳ಻ͬׯڣֹֻߣ˲ټ
û뵽ǣӾȻֳһЩ򾣡
ǵһοרģ
ǵһμҲǵһμˡ
׼õǹũǵũȻĻЩũǲԹġ
ũÿŵճɹ϶ԸҺ
ũͲһˣÿǮɻʲôʲôֻҪǮǾû
ճָûϵҲճɹӡ
ĺõģȵճɵʱ򣬻ᰴճɽųĺõģԶõһʽ
ʲƵĽЩũǸĵúܣȥôΣû˵͵ġ
̫ˣ
ɰ˷ܵţͻȻһϽ˵ӣĿ־Ѿ£ź˰棬ܹѾӡˢˣԺӦþͻ
սһϲҾ͵ˡ
һҲ˭̫ӲλѡеڸԼЩҵ
Ȼûãܹ¾ӡˢõ档
ǸողӡˢģŨīˮζ
սⷭһ£ͷĲӡŰ棬⡣
Ŀ־ϿǵĶЩѧ£ôýȥֻⷭ˷ȷûзɻĶ󣬾ͳɰ˵ͷ
Ŀ־ĸӾʹ˶塣
ɰתǰˣ˵׼ţ̸ϻ¥ʼӡˢ
־Ҫȱֽİܶ࣬״Ԫ¥м׵ӡˢҲҪʱ
οװӡΪӣӡˢʱٶȲǰӡˢô١
ӡˢȡ
ӡˢ֮󣬻ҪīɣȻװС
ǲüϼۣ
״Ԫ¥ĹǲӡˢšĿ־ʱ򣬽ڵ˽ӡ
ѡ֮ŮΪ̫ӲϢʹǣѾܡ
˵Ϣ͸ˡ
ǱȽǣҲش֣֪ôڸ̫ӳ롣
Ů벻ô࣬ˡ
ǽĸ֣ϡ
ڣּĵڶǽӡ
Եڶһ磬̫̫֣ùͺ󣬾ʹóȲؽ˹
ѾȰˣѾ뿪ЩǲĽ𽡣
ȵ˶֣һڴϣɫ㲵Ľ𽣬ʱ۵ÿ޳
ǵؿŽ𽣺µɫôô⣿ﲻ
ҡҡͷӨ£ĸĸˡ
֣϶ʱףίˣ
-

433 

֣ͱɷȰˣ֪ѡ֮ŮΪ̫ӲʵǼ¡
ôҪ̧̫ӣ̫롣
ǵŮ̫ѾףܿС̫
̫Ӻˣ̫ȻҲ档
ǴʱŮǿջЦ֣Ͼ;ۻˡ
Ůż޸̫һʱ䣬ôᣬС̫
۾Ȼʱ򣬸̫ѡ˸
ôװ׵شŮ
֣ԽԽ̲ס˵ίˡ
Ȼ䣬һԵϷ۾صһۣԣ㵱ʲôطȻڵǰ˵˵ºúõģ˭ί
Ϸ˵꣬˽һۡ
Ȼóܲʹ죬ΪǵּԵʡ
ּⶼˣ޿ɸģ㲻ˣΣ
ڳģñºͻʺ֪ˣĻԼ
Ϸ˿Ž㲵ɫЩʧ
ŮԽģΪǸгģ˭֪ŹȥãͰԼڳ⸱ģ
˵ףǱ֣ϸӰˡ
֣ϾͲǸģ޵ǽңŮҲ
ϸĽɽ֣ϵѪվǱ˺ȡ
ҲͰˣ֣ϾȻ˵˵
Ҳʲôط
֣Щί̲סǽ
֮⣬ǽĵ̣ʲô˵ģ
Ϸ˼ҽƱ磬Խʧ
俴֣һֱۣ˵ȥתĿ⣬𽣺¾أǵʲôʹ죬˵
زĲ
ǱϷ˽ģ֪λϷ˵Ƣ
ʶԼЩס
Цĸ˵Цˣ̫ĸ̫ӶԱܺãʲôʹģ
˵ֿ֣ϣЦ˵ĸĪҪˣֻǣûб˼ڹܺá
֣ѾϷ˾ô˵Ͳٺҿˡ
ϷʵµּǶѾ֪ˣ游˵Ǽ¡
ƷĴԱŮΪ̫Ӳǿ̫ӣҪ̫롣
ҲӨӨǹ飬ǽҲǺ۸ġ
ӨӨ˹ҲǸԶһͷĪҪ룬úøദˡ
вʣȴҲ֪Ϸ˵ûֻܲеĲװȵЦЦĸ˵Щס
ڹеʱ򣬾ʶӨӨ˹Ȼһչˣúøദ
֣̲ס˾죺ҪйҪô죿ֻ̫һ̫һҪ˻ģҪȡ㣬ǡ
⻰һϷ˺ͽɫ
Ϸ˷ǳ֣Ϻ˵˵ǱͲӨӨ֣ϵЩٴɱġ
ҲףӨӨǾԲµġ
һֱ񣬶̫˵Ǹܴ
ӨӨʱ£ǰѹͷƣ
Ųô
ǶŮ˰ˣͲţƾԼı£ԸһӨӨ
ӨӨʵžͰˣ裬Ȼеֶʰ
Щ飬ûҪ֣ˡ
Ϸ˾ص֣ϣ˵ˣǹɺ˵˵ôǲٸҺ˵´Ͳˣ
֣⻰ŻˣϷĸǵ治׼ǲģ
ҪǲǼŮˣ
֣ŵøϽϴĸױҾǲǸģûб˼
ЦŴԲĸ׳ģǳģζܲ
֣ЩƣԵģ˵ô
֪ŮǽȣȻǽĸףȴûʸŮ
ֻίĳԡ
ǸϷ˵
ʵĸ˵游˸¹ıһпɻ˳
Ϸ֪ģϾŮˣѧ˵ͷ˸˵֪Ĳ塣
ֽЩԺЦ˳úܣֽ϶Щʥѧ˵游д£ʿ֮зǳܻӭ
֣Ҳ̲ס죺ĸ˵ûǼֽɸһıֽһ
ʲôձһݲǮⱨֽһݾҪһģӦ
˵ЩʿӶǵıֽΪ١
֪¹ıӡˢɱ˵һݱֽһǮձǮ;Լҵıֽǡձݺݱȥ
-

434 

𽵱ȻҲ֪¹ıӡˢɱ֪۸ġ
֣ô˵̲סЦ游ǵ壬Ը¹ıݼʿӣǵĸ
֣⻰̲סֽ˻ɲıֽһݲһģǱˡ
ϷЦЦˣ˵ˣǼҿŵڣɲЩ̼֣ǮͭH
游¶ıΪľǻݼʿӣɲΪ׬Ǯ
ЦЦ游йֻ֣Ϊ˴ʥ֮ѧݼʿӡ˵أȻЩ̼ܱ֮ͭȡ
游ѧǵ壬¹Ժɽʿ֮ĸʢ
⡶¹ı游ʿеȻԽԽߡ
Щ̼ܱȵģ
ս׬ǮΣֵ̼ɡܹ׬Щʿ֮Ȼûʲôԡ
ܹȣ
ԣͲҪǸս
οѾѡ˹Ů̫ӲӽԺ󣬹ǵˡ
սЩܸͣȣ
ǵ㶫漼֮ˡ
ܹһʱҲⲻһ
ôһ룬ͻȻ
˭֪ϷͻȻĶӣȰʵԽԽ󣬿ɾܣ
⻰̥
һͻȻŶЦС̫ܺãʱʱ߱ĶӣЩܡ
ʦս˱һƽơԴӣһ㶼ˡ
ʦ˵ֻҪӣܹĸƽ
ġĸƽĸ֣ҧЩϷ˺֣ܹһ
⻰ȻЦ
ĸƽ֣˷ܲѣ·Ѿ˽ĺӳΪ̫һĻҾ֪һ̥϶Ǹӣ˹ʦ仰Էˣ
Ϸȴû˵ԽȰؿŽĶӣһ˫۾·ڷƵģʦ͵ƽƣȻܿС̫
Цŵ˵ͷʦ˵ƽѾģȻ׼ġ
ȻĻôڽʱһ鿪˹ƽأ
ʦȻǿӵġ
ܹˣ
һùʦصˣɾǵӣ
˹ʦأʲôõĵģ
˭Ҳӵλӣ
ӣעӵģ
Ϸƺ뵽ʲôͻȻЦˣǰЩӣ游Ҳ˼ȵС̫ʱ͸
һЩ棺游˼ʲô
ϷЦеؿ²ţ¸
˵ͷ΢΢ͷ
Ϸ˾ʹչȥߵ˵˾ʲô
һ˫۶ʱԽԽץϷ˵ӣĸµ棿
Ϸ˵˵ͷȻģ
𽵱ϲ̫ˣȵǶʺĸȻӿرĺӣ
ʱӵ̫֮λˣ
˭ܹ
ӨӨ˹̫ӲΣ
̫Ժ϶ǻʵۡ
ӨӨ˹ҲעҪһӱڽŵ£
Խ
ӨӨ£Դ󷢴ȱӨӨŮ
ӨӨбͷǾͱ
ЦȴЦòüˣ糯ϼҲǰǲ԰㲵ģ
ȴ֪״Ԫ¥ԺѾԽԽġĿ־ӡˢװɲᡣ
ͬʱųҲ׼һݾµ˸ȥ
Ҫ̸սףòָ˳㣬̴һλҽϢ
òȻָˣ廹úܡ
ǰҲ͵ùҹҲʲôˡ
ڣòָų̲סڴ
Լֻܹ꣬ҪܹúЩʮʮ꣬Ȼ֮á
˵ʮܹ꣬ʮ꣬ҲܹŶӳΪˣȢӣôˡ
뵽̲סóա
žְָ۵ųֲʵС
һжΣ˵ʲôʱⳡξͻȻˡ
ΪԼģϲվӡ
֮󣬼еľӶ
ڣȴǺ޲ÿﶼһžӣʱԼ
Ϊˣȥ¥һ󶩵˲پӡ
ֻϧҪŶӣľӻûãҪЩʱ
ųž￡ݣΪź̾˿
ͬʱһֱųۣͻȻյܱ
-

435 ͵

Դųˣ۾һֱöԲСӡ
λ֮󣬲ųλһֱѰҸҽųӣܰ١
֮⣬Ҳһֱ˶ųĶԷ۸ųһңųԼ벻Ѱ˶̼
֪ģųݣ֮ӾͱԽŹˣҲվӣ˾ӾҪ衣
ӣﵽʱ˷Ϣܵųǰҽ
뵽ųȻڱ¥˺Щӣ
ȥҪ
۵֪ϢʱϵıŹּˡ
ҪǸҵȫĸԲܱѡ
Ҫں˵˵ˣ
ųӣôྵӣ
Ѿ˾Ͳˣ
ͭųͲϲ
ڵյôϸ΢覴öյһ
ųӱ¿ˣŻӰɣ
磡
Դųݣһֱлͣʱûף
ôͻȻ磿
Ѳӻˣ
Ҫƹˤˣ
òǣųѾʱ޶˰ɣ
뵽ܣ쳣
ųŶʮ꣬Ҫʺ֪˸öģ
ԽԽ̲סżĸ͵͵˹
ȥų
ҪųͻȻ벻ˣܵùܹܡ
ɲ˾ôûˣ
ų㱻ɱʺ֪ʹһ
ųȻұסɻʺһֱ壬ΪԼ嶼ˡ
ҪųͻȻûˣʺܵס̼
˵ãֵôһ
ʱܿĻ
һߴ˸һ߻Źȥ
ǰӣ̲ס̾
ż˵òͦųǸ֥ɣΣ֪Ե˶ٹŮ
ϧ岻ãСĽš
뵽Ǹ֥ɣгһվȻᱻ˻ݣһ㡣
£;ź
иβѡ
˵ףųΪһңŻģ
֣۱ء
ô£֪͵˳
ųվӡ
˿֪ѾԲ࣬ΪƹˤҪˡ
ųһӣɻǿҵĲʵС
̲ס˺üѣȷһ̺۶ûк˿׼¾ӡ
˭֪ʱĸСͻȻ˽ʧ˵үˣˣ
ųһȴǱܵץľӣ²Сˤˡ
õؿСһۣõʵ˵ʲô˭ˣ
Сʮ־ţǱ£ˣүȥɣ
ųոջΪԼˣʱ⻰ʱףԼû
ȷʵˡ
ˡ
ôͻȻ
һʵۣúõشڹͷܳʲô
Ѳɣ֪òָˣ
뵽ܣųɫͻȻ˱䡣
ûб˼ӵķŭ˷ܸС
֮ǰ˲СĴڲ²֪òָЩڴ
Ȼ͵˼ǵô
ⲻŻָ۾ˡ
ôһ룬ųܡ
У۶ˣɲܾôȥ
û·
ôѾ˻ʵۣܵôúÿЩһӡ
ò٣ȥˣҲ뱻˱ӡ
Բһֱںл͡
ȻָˣȻöȥתתǵ˶֪ѾǹȥǸ˹ˡ
˱˵
뵽ųϽ¾ӣСȡĳʼװ
һߣ۽˳󣬹ܼһֱСĽӴš
ۿ۹ܼҵɫ;ЩԾ
֮Ϊ²ųʱ޶ˡ
ܼҵɫԲ񰡣
ܼ֪ģǰǹˣǿųġ
˵˲ñѲŶԡ
Ǹ͡
ųҪǳ£ôһ㰧֮ɫûУ
ͻȻã⡣
ǻʵۣԸҪ̣ʣֱ˳Σ
ܼʵ̫ôͻȻʮֳϻ̳Ͽ֡
ףֻҪŻʺλڣֻҪųı۾ͲܶԳ֡
ھĻ֮󣬺ܿ侲
뵽ųѾָò˵ʱϲЦ£ү˲١ǰЩӸүҩү֮󡭡
˵ͻȻʲô
-

436 ̫

һܼǷĵЦݣ֪Լˡ
ţͻȻʲôʶ̧ͷſڿ˹ȥ
һͿһӰ
źųվſڣϻ΢ЦٲȻǸ֥ɡ
ֱסˡ
ȻͻȻòԾ
ȵȣ
˭
۾ˣ
̲סգգ۾˲Ρ
Լ۾ˡ
Ȼôῴǰųųվǰ
ǲ԰ųλŴµģǰܴ·
ô£
գ˺ü۾ųվǶͻȻʶۻˡ
Ȼʧ̬Ĳֻһˡ
ļĸҲ뿴ɵۡ
վԱߵ
ų𾪻ˡҪǻڣ۾Լǲ۾ˡ
Ȼ˵ķӦҲûõĶȥ
ųǵķӦеǼΪ⡣
ϴòָժ߳䣬ϳһ·Ȼûһ˷ûߣɰƻˣ
ò׼޶Ȼðƻ˶ӾȻС
ˣ
ںˣߵſڣ˾ͷˡ
ų˷ܵϵЦݶò˼֡
Ȼ߽ãЦеظ񣺡΢μ¡
˵Ҫ¹
ۼеȥһѽ𣬲ؿ
ýˣҲԽС
ųϲûߣػݵھȻӡӶûУ
ңôְۣ͸˼Ƶģ
ʱ뵽һȥˡ
ǰųĪǱαװİɣ
ųͬʱܵؿסš
һֻסųҪܲ˺
һͷִвԾ
ĴУƤûˣ
ǡʱסų޹صۡ
۾Բˡ
ͻȻ;ΣϽջצӣɿһҪιȥ
ų۾ͻȻˮģʹˡ
⻰ɱˣ˵
Ҫ˵ˣҲöġ
ųһ
ᣬַǳڿرۣ
Żʺ㣬е࣬ĸƵġ
ҲǿһֱɳСܵܡ
ųǰҲûٳŻʺ
Դʱôһ˵۲û־ΥϤС
ŶȥǸСֻܵˡ
ôһ룬۶ʱЩ顣
ȻͿųˡ
۶ʱڣ̲ס˦ô£
ǵųҲʮ˰ɣô۵øСƵģ
ոʱ˺ܴ
ðɣе
Ҳܹɣ
ΪųǸðƻϴ-ƤߵġҪǲ˺
˭֪ȻƤ
̫ˡ
ųô£ǵкܶ൶̵İ
Ϊ˿̫֮ٶΡ
Կ
ô£
ôһۼûУ
ųҫˣֻһֱûøô
˭֪ͻȻˡ
ȻЩ⣬ȴӦúܿ죬·һɵúܡ
۵ʻų͵ǰЩ̶Щҩ˵̸࣬Ĩڰ̺Ͽ̡
ǲŵģ˼κ󣬷ЧȻţϵİ̺۾ûˡ
۾Լ췽ҹ̷
ҲһЩЧǳõҩҲֻȥһЩȽǳ˰̡
ųϵ˿ֳҲ˺ܶ๬͢ҩЧҲһ㡣
ó̸࣬Ȼųϵ˰ȫˣ
治Σ
۸ţ̲סų˺üѡ
һͷųϲκΰ̺۶ûУƤ⻬ۡ
ŮƵġ
۶ʱù켫ˣҪųǻˡ
ɵʣ
ʻͬʱ͵͵سųղ濴ҽӿڡ
ųȴһ⣺Ȼǳѵţ
ûҵӿڣҲöɣֻʵ˵Щҩأ޿
˭֪ųȻüͷһź˵ҩѾˣ̶Ҫ㣬Ҳ֪ﻹûС
ҩЧʵ̫ˣ
ȫİ̺۶˲˵Ƥ˲١
һʼ˻ûã˾Ҫ̸ˡ
˵Ĩ
ϧùˡ
֮ǰһֱûվӣÿĨҩĨĨžûˡ
ۿһźı飬ͻȻ;
޵ĵأ
-

437 

ۿųźɫͻȻеڡ
ʵô˵˳̸ϵİ̺ȫˣ
ų˵ͷ̶˵һֱҽԭǲŵģ˭֪ͻȻ̸࣬óһҪáù֮󣬾ͱˡ
ʵϵİ̺Ҳȫˣе㲻˼˵
˵վӣžСҲЩڡ
Լ·˺üְˬ
ǵ˼ʵصҩȫõʱ
ʱۣų̲סˬˡ
ΪýҲͿø
ųſž;ãеɣˡ
ʹˣÿ̫æԵʰɡ
ų֣۵ɫеˡ
̲סɣǼˡ
Ҳǣʵ۵볤ϡ
Ҳǿʷģ֪ǰܶʵ۾Ϊ׷ҩġ
۱ôɣȴ˺ü꣬϶̹ˡ
ôһ룬ųʱЩ顣
ǲǰѳ̸ˣ
̸ǳ̸ģҲ֪ﻹûжġ
һҪôأ
У뷨ӡ
ųԶ󿪣˳̡
Ȼò˵³˼۵˼
۴ʱȷЩ̸ࡣ
ҪҩЧʵ̫ˣֱͲеģ
ųݵöأ
ʲô̸󣬾Ȼָܹ˺ü꣡
λҽģ
ؼǣǸ˶ĺҩȻӣ
ųҲǣȻҩȫõˣ
Ȼ֪ҩЧãͲ֪
̲סʵʲôʱ͵ҩ
ų룬ֱʵˣĵڶ죬ӦǴӹ֮󣬸ҩ
ĬĬһӣⶼȥˣ
ʱЩ̲סʣʲôʱõҩ
ΣųЩ˼ˣ֮󣬳ˡ
һʼǲõģﵽ׻ǴЩ͵͵ˡ
ңҿûг׷ϣȻҪǰҩŲãﻹн죿
۵ɫȴǸˣٴʵҩʲôʱʼЧģ
ųһ²˵ƺù֮󣬵ڶеЧҲǺȷ
ۼæʵΪβȷ
ųգգۣʱվӡ
ۣ
̫ǿˣû
Ͼų֮ʲôӣ֪ġ
˵ǶԾⶫʹ˵վˣ˵ӣܲˡ
۶ʱһΣһֱûվӣ
ų˵ͷǣһֱûվӣֻţð̺ƺһЩһֱĨҩ
ֱ³һű¥̶ϱģϱƺͦиģ澵ӻ
ۣ
൱
ҧʵ֮ǰһֱûվӣȫǿģ
ų󷽵سˣû
˵ָֻ󣬾ʹ̶ϱԸ˳λҽҩ顣
ףΪʲôų̷ӡ
ԭҽ̸࣡
⵹Ҳܹųݳָܻɼλҽж
Ҫܹλҽæų˵ܳЩ
ʲô̸࣬ЧҲ̫ˣ
˵ͻʺҲвٰ̺ۣҪҲȥˡ
뵽۾̲סųһۡ
СӣһûС
ôҩȻȫˣ֪׽
صɹųܿ뵽˳̡
̸ѳ̽й
һߣѾõܱ֪ȥ˳
ʮ⡣
Ϊ벻ôɡ
͵͵Ͱˣôȥ˳
ɵǣողյ˳ӡ
Ѳͷʲôϵ
кɣȴǲֱȥֻ̽װ֪
˭֪ûãͻȻˣȥ
̵̡⡱һеʵǳˣ
ĻôͻȻǰͻȻȥ
ųϼеı飬̲סų
뵽ųɾ;΢
ԥһ˲һá
Сʵү֪òѾָ
⻰Щɵۡ
òָˣ
ôܣ
ѵΪ̸ࣿ
뵽ܣ˲ַǳõԤС
֪ΪʲôҪȥˣǣô
-

438 ʦ

һ̷·˼֪Ѿˡ
һЦٴСѵںţүϽūȥɡ
ֻøȥˡ
Ȼʱ䡣
ʿ϶ܹµҪ೤ʱ䣬ҪʱϵþˣﶨȻ᲻ⵡ
οڹ۶ϡ
Ӳ˿
Ǹʾǹʱ䣬룿
Գ̺ܿ͸˹ȥ
Ƭ̶ҵ顣
ûã͵˳
߽õʱ򣬳̷ɿɨһۣλϡ
ͬʱֵϻһˡ
˴ųĳģ
̿;ˡ
Ȼϵųġ
үүеʱֵܵǱɥסڹͷ
ʱųûзҲûбݣסҲǹ
ųǷǳϤġ
е𾪵ǣⶼȥüˣųȻ˿ûȼеĻҪЩ
⡭̫ˡ
·Ͼʮˡ
ųͻȻʶΪĸء
ų̸ȷʵЧǣЧ̫ˣ
ңųϾȻһ覴öûУ̺۾Ȼȫˣ
Źȥð
ҩЧôãôʽͣ
ľᣬͻȻһֱĿӡ
ʱۿʲôϽ񣺡μʣ
ûָųʵ㻹ǵ˭𣿡
̣
ûɵ᲻ǵþ˾˭
ǵãС˾ˡ
˵ͻȻ뵽ʲôǺܿװ𾪵ӣСʵ˾ˣǻָˣ
ų̲סЦǰҩ
˵ͻȻ֪ʶˣǸϽȵ͵ҩЧܲҲ֪ҩЧ̫ãǺȵҩһˣϵİ̺۾Ȼ֪ûˡ
̲ɵȻóųڰ貹Ǹ͵Ǿ̫ˣ˵˾˴Ѳк󸣡
˾ѶܱȻ촹˾ָܹ϶ҲǾ˾˵ĸ
̸ȻЩЧǹ⿿̸࣬þ˾˻ָǾ˾ЩһֱŲҩԶ£ϵİ̺ۡ
ۣ
ǵɵô
ȻҵӵǶ˵˵
ǰû̸ʱųôҩҲ˹͢ҩûЩ̺ۡ
̸£ϵİ̺۾ûˡ
˵̸Ч
۵ȻǺúŪģһͻȻʵǴĶ̸ࣿ
̣
ų
˾ᡣ
ô˵
̸սģ˵𣿻Ҹҽ
˽Ĳ˶սĹ͡
οֲɵҪҽҲʵѧġ
Ȼ̫¶ڶ
˼ȥǾãսĹ͡
Ҳֱ˵ʵ
սѧҽûã˵̸ܹҩ̫ˡ
ҪǴȥǾսǸ
ǽɲʲôôʶ
Գ̾ú˵ʣǰ͸С˾˵̸࣬ʵϵʦġ
ǳİ취սһǿʦ
ɹʦҦ˴ڣΪʲôôһλص
ţûʦ
ԽԽá
ܻս
ʮܵ
ϵʦ⻰;ˣ˵ϡ
ˣĴ㣬˵һ׼õ˵ǣ֪ˮ֮󣬲һΣ˵һֻѾ̤˹Źء
˵˶٣͵͵һ۵Ŀ⣬ż˵һλصΪͽڸٶ
ɣλһλʿˣȻܽϴӹŹ
ǴܹȻᣬʵҲλԵʡһЩҽܹȻ
ˮķӣʵҲλڵġϱȻ֮󣬵̥ǣ˺컯
̲סʵȻˣǰΪβ˵
㣬Ҳˡ
һ㲻ţֻü˵ʵϣҲǺףλûֱӸӴֻǴڸһЩеڷ˵Ĺඥ
һֱ¶ֱͻȻλʦĴڣ˶͸ŹŹ֣һֱ֪ò˵
գ˵ĸƵġ
-

439 ޿ħ

Ŀ⸴ӵؿų̡
ɳڹɵӺŪ
ƳųȴҲɡ
սѧҽѽ̸ҩԲܹġ
ˮ࣬ǾƬǧۡ
ԼǱ顣
˵ôϵļδ̫ˡ
սѧ˲һµҽܰѿҪ˸Ȼλҽҽ
ʵ̫ˡ
ǰΪײԭλصʦô
ô˵ĻǱ飬᲻Ҳλʦģ
ԽԽܡ
Ǳֻһ־ִͰˣͦġ
ƫƫͷصӾȻĿճ
ǧۣҲǰͷļġ
˵Բһ־ִ档
Ȼǧ۶ģǲҲģ
Ķˣʱų̵Ļ뵽ôһλʿˣԽ
Ǳλʿ˸ģǲ˵ļʵģ
Щ񣬳Ķ֮Ǵڵģ
ͷһƬȣȲսô¡
̫ҪˣƬҲȲá
Ǻܿ˵ȥһˡ
ŵĳһ⻰ʱЩĻš
Ȼ˶Բߣȴûüս
սһŮӦòἱż˭֪ȻȲ
̾Щġ
һս˵©죬ǻˣ
æ˵ϣȥͲͷˡ
ƳһۣڵϣŴ󷢴ȱ˵޻лҪ㣬Ͳȥˡ
̶ʱˡ
Щģ⽫òǻĻȥ֮󣬸սͨɣ
ȻѾ˻вҲұ¶ִ뿪
ףѾִȥĻֻ۵Ļɡ
ڣҲֻܰڴսˡ
ŮƽʱͦģӦܺŪȥɣ
Ŭ˵Լﻹǲˡ
ȴͻȻʵ֮ǰ˵̸ϵʦģ𣿡
ȷġʹеĻңһģ̸࣬ʵʦ͵»񡣶Чܲ͸Ҫ˹͸С˾ˡ
⻰һۺų̲ס˳һۡ
ųû뵽ҩȻǳ̺ս»񣬳̻͸
ʱЩڡ
ҩȻսĶ͸ǶԲս
ƫƫҩˡ
֪Ͳôġ
һʼ̺۱ƽ͸վӵġ
ϧ˵ʲôˡ
ų̲ס˵̶ô˵һΪ̸ҵҽģѾȫˡһҪô
⻰ҲЩ⡣
ųҩɲ٣Ŵ£Ȼȫˣ
ҩ͸ųûû
ȻЩ⣬û
ұҩЧŸе⡣
֪ҩЧȴûЧܹôãŴµʱ䣬ųȫָˡ
뵽̲̾סڡ
̫ʧˣ͸սŶԣ
ĻҲ˸ʵĻɡ
ֻϣսȻˣǧ¶ڶźá
һ£һ߻ųĻС˾˲ҩЧͺá
˶٣˵С˾˾ùⲻȥҲЩ͸ϡ
жѵų
͸ϣ
ĺöȻ٣ǱΪ֪ǰòڳһرͷıȫļױ
ı¥ս
СӻϱϱˣȻҪթ׾˾ˣ
ҲգϵҩҪġ
һˣܲռһСŮӵıˣ
ų뵽ͻǻԼʲôö
ϧϰҲû
ųԴӻ˺ƽ֮⣬δġ
ۺͻʺһֱͺöûô
ȫ˰˿ⷿﻹܼǵס
УҸʱ䣬úÿⷿĶС
ųȸ˸֤ͷİɣ˾˲ġ
۰ҧûٿ
ΪΣʲôöûų͡
̵ãȻթ׾˾ˣ
һЩˬ
ǰ˶ûթӣ֪թˡ
ȣͻȻеοô£
-

440 Ϸȫݼ

ۿթų鸴Ӽˡ
ûãͰսˡ
սûһźɫȹľ˼ͱ˵
֪ڳҪ⻻·
֮ǰ̸ųҩ֪ġ
ûųݺģ̸Ч
񣬱ôڹ۲ܵ˳Ҫ
һϢĥܶණ
ս⻻ôһľȹԼ˼޺֮С
˳Ϳʼɫش
·ˣԷȴ͸Żϲ
ս͸ȷеĲ²⡣
뵽λʷŵĳ̲סﴽǣЩڴ
ʷϲûгĻ񣬲Ұʷ˳÷ǳǸӡ
֮ǰһֱû˳˵ܹ
ȣʱɵúúÿλ׺òÿ
ĽĳĪú󱳷䣬ֲõԤС
ս˵˻
սܿߵá
ȥɿһۣޱλϣϲŭɨһۡ
һͿ׵ų
Ȼ;סˣųϴںĳŵĲ࣬սһ۾˳µݡ
ͺܾȡ
ųǸӣȻ۵øƵģ
ͺܡ
սﻳɣλ˶̸ࣿ
òǰҩȫ˰ɣ
ȻĻų츳ҲѾʮˣô۳
սа̣ų̲סƳ˳һۡ
Ҳһۡ
ɫЩѿ
һֱڽţս˵˻
սոһһֱ
Ů˵ãȻų
ʲô˼С˾˳òҲһֱſɣ
أ
иʣʶͷأ
Ȼҵضű˿ǡ̫ˣ
һ񶼿ðˡ
սȻˡ
Īؿ˳һۣȻʵ񣺡μʡ
۶ͿˣϾǶϱ˶
սʹ󷽵ذ˰֣£޽ЩҪ㡣
ս²⣬Բ⡣
ԹߵԱߵλ
Ȼ˳̵
ߣ
͸Ƶġ
ս͵͵Ƴۺųа
óҲǹܵģʱ򣬾Ȼ˼ߡ
ûأȻ
ǵӷˡ
Ȼȥˣôʰ
սã۾ЩȲʣ˵˸ʦ
û˵˭˵ģ뿴սķӦ
սתԱתͷ˳һۣϻż֮ɫ·˵Ȼң
̶ʱ鸴ӣ
֪սǸƻģȴû뵽ܽƻ
ʲһ䣬Ͳµֱӱ¶˳
ⷬԵķӦ˿ֻ֮Ǹ̫ǳضᡣ
ǸƻŮˣ
͵͵︹̣ԭȴǽ
սôƻŮ˿϶ܹȥ
ʱʵ㻰㿴ʲô
սʱüͷЩ˵Ҳ֪λүү㲻ʦ
Ĳȫдϣ̫ˣһ۾Ƴ
ȴûлɡ
߹ᣬСкܶ
ү˾͸ˡ
˻ʵۣ˱ֻ಻١
սսοսһСŮӣ
ʮ꣬ǰ룬ողż޸ûá
Ӧõô
ģսĻ
۲⣺Ϊβ֪ʦʦ㲻ģ
սͷЩŵ˵ֻϸ߶ݡ˵ܹѧ̵ĶʸΪͽܣȻͲ㡣
˵ʱЩί
ô˵Խһλĸˡ
սʵֻμģ
εʱͻȻμġսʧ䣬Ҳ֪Ҫôμʦ̫ˡֻҪֵʱ򣬶μ
⻰ﲻ
Ѳɣ˻Ǹɣ
Ȼôε
ңôսأ
̫ҲǲŮôû̫
۶࿴ؽ𽣬ֻʵ̫棬û롣
-

441 ۵Բ

Ἣˡ
ţ̲סź
λصʿˣôûأ
սҲǸСŮӰ
ܱȵأ
ѧһ£Ҳûѧѽ
ݣѧһҽҲܳȥҽݵŮѽ
ԽԽź
սͣ뿴ôλظϵġ
˵ʵ棬۵ǲλظ˵Ĵڡ
ʲôˮ࣬ǧۣһܹڳģ
Ҫ˵սˮ֮ͻȻôˣλظ˽Щ˵Ķ
ǣλصʿˣΪʲôս
û˵սǰ
˲Ű裬ϲñӳ˵İԡ
츳սҲûʲôرġ
ŲǸѵܱȵʵۣ
ԣսʱѾͻ˳̡
ѲɣΪ
˼ȥԭпܡ
벻ɡ
˵׽ٶ
ǵö٣
ϴεĽƽⷨƴòҲ˸İɣ
ǵãǸƽⷨƴĸдţͶ״Ԫ¥
ֻǲ֪ûйϵ
Ǳ顭
ʵں棬ֱ˳գ㸸һ飬ʦģ
սһ£ȷ˵Ҳʦûиʲô飬ǱǸżȻġʦûйϵͲˡ
⻰һ̲̾סսһۣ΢΢
֪ŮǸƻġ
ƣⷴӦѽ
Ǳʱ˵ľżȻ飬Ϊ־ִ˵û⣬͸ս
뵽ս֮󣬾ȻǱϵļأǧۣ
ţŵ˵Ƿۿ϶ǵһ
Ҫսλʦģŵ˵żȻģΪ־ִ˵ǳ۾
սӦÿ죬ֱӷˣȴûаѻ˵
ȷʵ棬ֳ˸صʿˡ
˵Ǳλûйϵȷ˻Щ
Ȼ࣬ͬʱɰĴڣǾ̫ˡ
սѻ˵Լȥ¡
ôһ룬̲̾ס͵Ц
ãҪʧˡ
սôƻҪʳʲô졣
˳˼
Ǳλصʿ˸ŵġ
ܿʱûб¶ݣֻ͵͵Ǳһʼû⡣
۶Լֵµ˻ǺˣŻᱳԼ
ֻǲ֪ΪҪô
ѵΪϵĶ̫棿ԲϣĴô
룬ͻȻ²пܡ
ҪϼصĻܹ֪ʲô
Щʿˣǽʲôͣ϶ϣͿ̿
飬벻ϣͷĶı
Ǳȴвٺö
ʹûˣʵ̫ϧ
˲ŹţԵ
ܹǱر֮ͷĶǾˡ
û⣬ǱʹûͬҲ⡣
ڿӦġ
Ȼӡ
뵽۶ʱ˷ȥƽλʿûֱˡ
սϱҲǱ׸
ȻûпˣǸĵģŮҲǳ
Ȼʿ˶ﴫ
ǲ֪˵ûгɡ
ܹˣǵö
ѹսܹȻǸӡ
иһʦȻһˣʲôأ
Խ룬սԽ⡣
ٴξԼ۹̫ˣһ͸˶˸ôõϱ
ЦսǸúӣ޹Ȼû㡣Ȼʦδ㣬ɲиˣҪúѧϰ֪𣿡
սɵص˵ͷʽѵǣˣһŬѧʦڵЩ
Ƴų۵øǼ̲סʵˣʦ»Ǹ̸֪࣬ûУĸҲܹһЩˣҪ̸࣬Ӧûܸˡ
ս˵һֱڳ̸࣬ѾͿˡȻĸȥ
⻰ˣ
ΪҩЧֻλصʿ˲ܹ
սȻҲ
-

442 Ų̫

ۿսһ÷ɿ졣
Ѿôˡ
սЩɬص˵ͷǫ˵ʦ˶ҩһֱڳƣֻǲѧûãʼղЩ򡣲ѾЩˣҪ˶ã
ʵﻹв̸ࡣ
ⶫЧܲ˺üޣڿռ
ֲɵĿʵ˵أ
˶˽ĵģǵʵ۵ģ˽ľ͸ˡ
ۿɲʲôʾҪ̸֪࣬ȴûȥô룿
ս˸ѣ˵û
ȻûȻͲȥˡ
һĶ
ĿƵؿսôһ˲䣬ѷӽ̫ҽԺȥҩ
ͷðͱˡ
ڻ֪λʿ˵ݣһӹɣ˾Ǹɰ
Ϊʲôԭսսصġ
ŷӣҲġ
ͨ䷽ҴŲ⴫׹Ůϴڡ
οʿˣ
սеͽܺѡԸѷӽս
̫ҽԺ˸ʲôϵ
λ˿δԸñ֪ӡ
ôһ룬˸ոǸ˵ͷ
룬һ
ս˼λ˻ûͽܣڻڿڡ
ֿڣ̵Ķ϶õġ
Ļʽͽܣָýʲô
ڰѷóλ֪ˣ˵ûͽܡ
һɾ͵òʧˡ
ˣսôǳ̵ϱԼˡ
Ȼ̸ˣֺαѷӽأ
ȻѪһЩԼ˵ͦ󷽡
˼һ󣬾ͷͻͷս˵ȻаˣͶ԰ɣ޺ĸ͵̸ˡ
ų⻰̲סһ䣺ҪʱָܷܲһЩ
ϱڵ̸ء
⻰ûصһۣҩ̸ֶЧܺãҲ̫ˡ
ʲôˣʲôã
˷ˣ
ųίر˱죬ûҷֻ͵͵ս۲ڵʱٸú˵˵
̸ЧôãҪôˡ
ȴʵҽѧˣɻ˵壿
ս˵ѧûǺܺãûֱӿӡʦһӣ̫ҽܲá
룬Լѧҽʱ仹̫Щ
˸ʦҲ̫ˡ
Ȳųӣֱøӳ̫ҽȥ
ҩӣͬĲˣҩǲһġ
ͬҩģҲЩӼ
ҩҩĲʺųõģñҩĴ档
սţ̫ҽԺ̫ҽ»еġ
ӵĻǲܸĵΪӦҲܸĳһʺųõķӡ
۵ҲҶ̫ģô˵;鲻
ֻЩģʦķӣóû𣿡
ս˵û⡣
һ֮⡣
û⣬Ǿ˵ķˡ
⵹Ҳ֡
ܹŷΪοҲǺõġ
ۻ⣬սд˷ӡ
սдøɴ࣬Թɵģۡ
ۿϱˡ
õӺȿһۣȻȲȥ̫ҽ
һæ˵Ȼ̫ҽҪܷȻȥ
ԣûôԥʹӦˡ
ѾˣսҲûãȥúЪš
˵̸ܾ
ܲ󷢴ȱóսȥ
ɴ⣬Ͻսˡ
߳úҲû˵ʲôһֱų˿
ȻսȻһƵᣬ򶨴ݵģЩζ
۾̲סʵһ㲻ģ
սװɵҪʲô
Ǻ˸ʦ
ʲôõĵģ
ûʲô캦飬Ѳɻɱ
̾ͺܲζ
ĵôãսãȻһĵġ
ôһԱȣԵɵƵġ
ʵ۲̫༱
ԣʲôƱ
Ų̫࣡
̹ʵǸʦ
սЦЦ˵ʦǲǣ
ԭû˵ԼʦģΪ飬ֱ˵˶롣
뵽Ȼݱ
ûԼ߸ʦó̸߳ˡ
Ҳ㻵¡
-

443 ˵㻯

սһʼûдԼ߸ʦ
һֱûô˵Լȥ¡
Ͼ̫棬ҪԼ˵˻ɡ
ñԼ³
ɵ˲ű˵ĻֻԼ
ֻû뵽ôͱ
̻һʦ
۵ӣûȫţӦҲ߰˷֡
ϾԭǰǸͨĹ˰û¶˵츳
ͻȻڳôණֻҪ˶ỳɡ
߼ҪôиʦʲôҪôǵ˰Ҫôǰһֱ׾
ûг̵ǷóĶˣۿ϶ӻɡ
ڳ̸һʦʡ鷳
Ǵϣۿ϶ҲԸиʦ
˸ʦóʲôǷ˺ܶࡣ
˵
رռطϴ˸ЩԵڣѾˡ
ȥ綼СúܣҪȵ˵Ҳĸ¡
ĥЩһλʦǲٹ˼ôˡ
뵽սЩϲ
һֱսͻȻЦ͸ζ
ĵôãսôһĵģ
֪֪жΣգ
̿սһ̲סʵиʦ
սԥƬ̣͸¶
ϵɷ򣬶ڶԳ̵ıֻ⡣
Ҫ黹٣Ҫһֱס̣ʵЩ鷳
ֲϸַ˯õʲôСıˣ̫鷳ˡ
ҪǸ͸¶һЩó̰ڻ϶򵥺ܶࡣ
ôһ룬ս˵˵ʵǵɵ㻯λʦʵǸأ
̵ıʱЩŹ֣
ʦʲôģ߳ġ
սȻŪǲ̫ˣ
ŵ
浱ɵӲɣ
ЦһñţձòΪǸɵӡ
˵ͻȻսͻȻһˮӣ
𾪵˲Բ˫ۣߵսǰ
˸ڣڱϷ
˵䣬һѳǿץ˹ȥ
ϷǼģ֪Ǽٵġ
˭֪һץȻץӣ
ŵٴαɫȻǿˮĴӡ
ӳ÷ǳãȭͷҪ
ɫཱུģʮˡ
ֵǣӾȻɢŨĹζ
̵ȻԹӣһŵζ֪ǶӵĹζζ̫ˣȻǰԹĶҪã
̾ôɵۡ
һӣŤͷս
ðβһԼ㡭㡭ôģϷ
Ϸǣӣ
ӡӲ²еô
ڲ£
սЦؿųǸɵ۵ģҲȥһųֱҧһڡ
ꡱһ죬Ĺ֭ζŨˡ
ζ̲סʿˮ
սӣֿ˿Լץŵһţٴʿˮ
ⶫܳԣ
治ǱϷ
۷
ǣսȻĳȥ
òǹװ˸ƭİɣ
̺ԣЩ衣
һսǹ˸ƭҧĻҪЦ
һֱսҪҳɵĵط
սһ۾ͿʲôȴûᣬôꡱģھͰӳ˶ǡ
ֻʣһŸɸɾҺˡ
ԵǴҵƷ֣ҺȻ룬ԳҺ˷ǳɾ
սҺ˷Це̯ڳǰƭǲţӻң
̿ҺˣĬû˵
ͻȻдꡱһ졣
ֻ̧֣ץѾѳꡣ
սüͻȻ˵Сİˡ
˵꣬ͻȻӣҧһڡ
ζ
һݵģ
սĬĬݣ
Ϊ֪ǹģ
⣬ȻװС̽
֪ģﻹ֪ȳʲôء
ոջһģھȻװһɴݣ·ոǸɵСӲһ
ǣˣ
սʵ𣿡
̶˶٣ҧһӡ
Ȼսһۣʵ㻹ʲôӣǴģѵǸʦģ
-

444 ʦ

սͲµ̻ʣѾ׼˵ǡ
̵Це£Լ˸ƣȻ˵̿˵Ǭ
ֻ͸¶һЩȴ˵ȫ
磬иĿռ䣬ҵ˵Ĵ
ѾиʦǾóΪǬˡ
Ǭĸ֣ɫͱ˱䡣
սЦ̹Ȼ
̿Ŀ⽥ø˼ǣѾѧǬ
Ȼս˵ͷų̵棬ֱӰԱߵĲ輸ûˡ
輸ɲСͻȻʧ̫ˡ
̿һĻƲסϵı顣
𾪵ؿŲ輸ʧĵطȻ͵ؿս㻹ʲô
սź̾˿ҲѧãĲ࣬ҲֻһǬˡ
ϧǿҪԪϵܣǾܹչʾˡ
ûϵиǬ͹ˡ
棬ûʲôΣգ̽Щ
뵽ս̵ɫ
ͦ棬֪󣬻ôأ
̵ӼˣսһʵոǸ輸ûô
սӣѲ輸ȡ˳
̿ͻȻֵĲ輸ɫٴα˱䡣
Ȼ̲סʣոǿӡ
ʦġս˵ţһӨ͸ѳĿҹӣһЩԵĶ
̿ѣ˵ʲôӡʱһͷ

޸Ŀǽʳӣ
սʦȻ˿ӣ
ﲻˬˡ
Ǻ˸ʦ뵽սȻиʦ
Ǹɣ
ֻҪһ뵽и˱ս棬̾;ġ
̲ס뵽˴֮ҹս˵Щ
һĶʱˣ͸˴һ
̲סʵ֮ǰ˵ֻϵķޣΪʦ㡭
ʡǲϲȴôҲʲ
ս˵ǡҪôأ
̾Ἣˡ
սȴû֣ǳ˸ѣ̾ͰԼϳ´ͷ
˵ʵǴˮ֮Ҳ֪ΪʲôһֵΣҵһĵطڵĹȡ
һλүү˵츳ҵͽܣֻ֮ص˼
˵̾˿Ȼп˵ԭΪһжһΣ˭֪ҾȻѧ
֪һоȻġʦ˵Ҵ󹦸֮󣬾Ϳ԰շǸɹȡ
ðˮͻȻ˵үүɫ˲ͱˡ
ЩΣӶսʦǸүүȥġ
ѹʱ򣬾ֻսǾ仰
̶ʱˣ󹦸ʲô˼Ҫߣȥʲô֮
սϵģ۾ˣͻȻЩġ
̸òǼ˰ɣ
ѵҲȥ
Ҳǣ˵Ժʲô컯
ʵڸ֪ʲôڵʵЩˡ
սԤУҪǳˣ˵ʲô
Ͼƣ
˵ȥĻʱһ𰡡
⻰ɫʱûôѿˡ
˶䣬ֻ۾ɾؿսͻȻƵġ
̺ɵʵܴһȥ
ս˵ͷȻ˵ѾȻͨˡ
ʦ˵˵ҲԵֻҪгɣȻܹ뿪ǰڵĵط
֮Ҳû˵Ĭ˺һͻȻ˵ô˵Ļͱһԣ
ս
ôģ
ôĻ˵
϶ص˵ͷôͶˣҺһԣԡ
ǧң
Ц⼫ˣȻˣղ˵£ӦˡԺܰշһ㡣
Ѿ˻飬ս
뵽̿սѣͻȻЩ۲һ˹ȥժһѳζ
ҧζ˲ӿ
̵ɫ΢΢һ䣬ȻͲؼӿٶȡ
ѻ
ͷӻͦչͽܵ
ҲͽɷͷǲҲչ
̳ѣͻȻЩᡣ
ΪÿܹԵȴࡣ
ʱǾԳԲġ
ɹӱҲ̫ˣ
-

445 ⿪ʼ

̵سѡ
սóͦһиء
ܵؼһΪѾϴ⾧Ө͸
һʼЩ𾪣Ȼ˼֮Щ񫡣
ˮɲ⼾еģΪүҲֻӦʱܳԵ
ڣ·ݣܹԵѡ
ζôã
ȻǶսλʦЩ⣬ЩѺӵķϣ̾Լ԰һ¡
̵سһԼʮӣ̲סΪԼ˰ᡣ
Ȼۡ
Ȼŵʵûãϻʵ֮ǰʵȨյķӹҲǳ
ֻķڱأˮ಻࣬ϱԶܶˮԲʵģֻܳЩ
ϱߣԵˮǶ˲٣ϧֻӦʱУʱֻܿŹˡ
ζȻʵˮˬ죿
ѣӨ͸֭ˮſɱѸɵζöˡ
ñһζ͸ˬˡ
ڲ·ݣЩ䣬ֱӳԾˡ
ôõζǻûԹء
뵽ôԥҪҪۺŻʺһݹȥ
սִͷ
˵ЩТֶΣɲø֪
ʱͶЩɵø֪սֶΣԺǸӷ
ôһ룬̲̾ס
ŵսλɵ£㻹˭˵
սҲһڳԡ
ǰұ¶ֻһ͵͵ԣٰѹƤʲôĶռﴦ
ڳѾ֪ˣûҪίԼͳ
⻰ս¿еѣһЦ˵ε֪֮ѾѧǬĿǰΪֹֻ߹һˡ
⻰ⲻЩ졣
Ȼֻһˣ
ǡǡ
ܲƴװ˾ӣ̫˼֮ĪҪø֪ΪáǱԺǻʲô飬Ը߱ˣͲ˵ˡ
սŽ͸ЩЦ
û뵽̾Ȼô˼һˡ
⻰ȻЩ˽ģҲ˵û
û˵ȥҪ˵ԺҲֻǡ
ϴųϴ赤Ѿһ˿˵Ȳϳ̣Ǹϣ
ͿխZˡ
Ͼϵɷ򶼸ˣûɿԼˡ
̵ӣӦò֪¡
ʡ鷳
սԳ̶⣬ȴǹһ䣺ǸʺĸأҲ˵𣿡
⻰ɫ΢΢һ䡣
սؿ֮ɫ˵ʺĸȲҪ˵Ժ󡭡ǱܹøǿЩٸǰɡ
ڵʵԱսø֪Ѿѧ̵֮Ļ뿴ıʡ
ȻʷвٶΪλ߱ɱֵġ
ֵĵز
׸ӣΪûӣǸ֮ĸܲ
С͵øϲǸԽ̵ϰɱС
ʵڲԸ⽫еĵ׼ʡ
Ǹʽ׼ҲԸ¾
ԡźˡ
պʵǿҲüɵʣֲʺĸɡ
뵽ͻȻֱسսȥ־ڱصá
ΪսĸˣҪǸҶܣԼһ˰շȥʲô֮ɲŹ
ҪԺҪߣҲһ
ǶѾɻˣӦһ
ֱ׳š
սʵҲڴ̸ովʱɫҲڲϱ仯
һԼµ˳̵˼
˵ʵЩҲԸĸȥ˵ʦġ
˲Щɵۣ
ô򵥵İ취Ȼû뵽
ǰս֮±š
ֻҪ˵ʹ֪֮أ

̲סʵʦٹӣ
սʶ뵽ռЩϹ߲ˣЦЦ˵ÿԣҲܳԵɣ
̣
ʵġ
ԭɹӣ
кã
ԭЩԥҪҪĸȥ
ڡ
ԥƨ
սʦô࣬ҪսԶʳԺҪôԸĸ
̻ζζͻȻˡ
-

446 ų

ڳ̺ս̵سѣԥҪҪԶʳʱ
Ҳûš
ɲ֪ԼĻ˶ԥҪҪТ˳
ڳսȥų˺ü꣬ô飬Լһ֪
Żʺݷ𣬸׵ܵء
Żʺ֪ϢǵܵͻȻûˡ
۴һӣֱӱʾҪųŻʺ
ų뵽Żʺ㣬ûܾ
ףȻйɹֲֻһôһֱΪѰҽΪŻʺԵʡ
ҪΪŻʺ׵ܵܣŻʺһֱǹ壬ģΪѰҽأ
һڣųʹӦˡ
ȥʱߡ
Ȼ˽Ͳȫµ˶֪Ѿָˣųǲô¶ˡ
Ҫֱӽ¾סˡ
ô֪ųЩġ
߯ǰˡ
ţ
ȵ糯ʱٰժǰ˵
ȴǲ֪Щ˼ߣЩ⡣
Щʵʲô
ųȴǰ㲻£ֵ˵£¡
ô˵ЩŹ֡
Ȼʱ²ų˼ȴҲųߣ϶ǲ֪Ѿָˡ
ٶʣֱӴų˹

ƵģͷǶ˸ְ壬Է̿ͻȻɱ
ʵϲڣ컹иųҲ
˹ź󣬾ͲҪ˼ôˡ
ۿǵų壬û
˾ô˻ʺܷ﹬
ܷ﹬Żʺ޼֦ѹ֪۰׵ܸܵˡ
۵֮ǰѾ˱š
ԵͣڹſڵʱŻʺѾϢ½Ȳӭ˳
ճͿų
ЩߣųǲСģۻĵطһѡ
Դز֮ŻʺڸԸ˵ʣҲǳӵزá
ųʱϻߡ
Żʺߣ̲סᣬ۾ﲻӯᡣ
ųǰ񣺡΢μʺ
ûȥŻʺһѷס岻ãͱˡ
ۼ״ɫ߹ȥųŻʺ˹
Żʺϱȥųˡ
׽ҲУ
ųӹȥ뵽ܿؽӿˡ
ʲôȽȥ˵ɡ
ǹͷ˵ĵط
ȻѾһΣۻǲ̫ġ
źôֲ࣬һӰȫ⹬ͷ˵̽ӡ
ʲôǽȥ˵С
οųǲָ֪ô
Ҫժˣ˵ĸƼˡ
ʱϢҪ˶þͻᴫ⡣
뵽ʹˡ
Ҫǰ˻ȥ͵׼滻ˡ
ǴĹؼʱʵڲʺϻˡ
ֻܵȴ֮˵
װ£߽ܷ﹬
Żʺųںͷš
Żʺ󻹲֪͵ų˹ﻹͦ졣
Ѿܾûмų׵ܵܡʱˣ᲻ƿ۾
ų岻ãԴǴβ㶪Сÿ£һ춼׬ģ֪ʲôʱ˾ûˡ
ŻʺΪ֮ųǸˣܰųӵչˣҲܳȥչų
ò׼ȻҪ࿴ۡ
˭֪Ժܼܲأ
һ˺ܿߵ
ȥŻʺһλ˭֪ת£Ϳųժϵߡ
Żʺ˲䱻ŵˣ˫ų㡭
ų΢΢һЦ㣬ܵˡ
Żʺһ㵹ȥۼÿ죬סˡ
ŻʺϣЩصųһۣҲǵģҪߣưŵģ
ųЩ죬ĿεؿŻʺ󣺡㣬û°ɣﲻҪҪ̫ҽ
ŻʺҡҡͷĿ̰ؿųô£
˵Ѿûˣ̶̸࣬Ĩ֮ˡ
Żʺ󾪣̸̶̸ࣿࣿЧȻã
⻰̲סϵʦģ̶ȫȥãȫˣһ㲻ʣģ
-

447 

ŻʺѾϷˣе⣿
Ƿ̲סúЦ
Ŭסˡ
Ͼǵʵ۵ˣǽܲųǰ
ȻĻƾС۶˵תҪųСЬӴ
ܵʵǲף˵ػָòɲٳκβӡ
̶ǴĶ̸ࣿ
ЧҲ̫ˣ
Żʺų̲סе𾪡
뵽ųǲ壬̲סʵ̶˵̸ôģѵѰҽ
ۻڵأԾ˵ʲô
ſ죬ͿЩźĹˣǣ˵ڵĻͱ˸ˣȥɣﲻҪź򡣡
Ƕһ㶣˭Ҳ۵˼
ԴǴֵܷ﹬ѾһΣʣµЩ˵ڶµúܣ۵˼
ܿ죬ǾͲС鲽Ųû
Żʺ˲ʶ۽Ҫ˵Ļܲһ㡣
Ҳɵһ˼Ͳµˣųõ̸²Ѱ֮
ҲǣҩЧʵ̫Щȷ̫Ѱ
ǲ֪̾ôġ
Żʺ̲סЩĳ̡
۳ɻ꣬ǰûеϻʵ۵ʱ򻹺ã֮ĸҲõúܡ
ԴǸλӣ۾ͱöЩ
ΪӺĸףʵڲԸ⿴еĲҾ磬ֻܾܻǸ֮Ĺϵ
ڳǸТ˳ӣȻЩ˼ȴ淸ִ治顣
ڣͻȻóԲѰ̸ࡣ
ôģ
ѵʲô
ۻ᲻룿
Żʺ﷢ţЦе˵֪ͯȻһʿ˸ˣ
Żʺ⻰ܵЩĻš
Ǹϲ̵ģͻȻ֪ʶԼƺ´ˡ
ǰ棬̽ʣ˵ʲôʿˣôᱻ˿ϣ
Ҳûžǹʦɰɣ
۲ȷ˵ţϴˮʮգλɣѲ
֮󣬲ϲ˿飬ѧҽôʵλɴٶϲ˿顣
̶͵̸λɸģ˵͸ϵ»񣬽̶ȫ͸˳
Щ̸ϵİ̺۾Ͳˣǲǿž͸˺üƵģ
ҩҲֻɲõóˡ
۲ϲʿҲʲô޵ܵó
ܹϻʵۣȷǿŹʦҦİҪҦŲߵذҲô˳
ȻϲʿȴҲףϵȷһЩ˲õĸˡ
ҦһǸʦӦҲһ
ԽԽ̲סֶŻʺ˵ˣλ֮ϵӣ϶Ϊް̶ָ
ԭսƾʲôɿأ
ֱ׳š
Żʺ³˼㸽͵ΪˡǶλɣȻĻѲ̶޵Ǹˣ
˶٣ֹ˵ϧŮӣʦܹѧĿҲޡ
ۼɵֻ̣ô˵ˡ
Żʺﰵ̾뵽սЩͻȻ־ãиʦ
ȻĻһŮӣͻȻôأ
ܹȢǳ̵ĸ
Ҳ޸˳̣ȻŮӣǼ޸˱ˣ޷ˡ
Żʺ뵽̲ס̾Ϣһ
ĻҲ̾ϢǰǸӣܹ볯Ϊ٣Ч
ŻʺԸȥ͹˵ô˵ָܹǶϣС
̸žȥ̺۵ģλصظ׼ģ̶Ҳ̫ˣȻȫó͸˳ô죿
ۺų⻰Щڡ
ųæ˵㣬ǲ֪ϱѾ˵ˣʦҩٹþ̸
Żʺû뵽£סˣȻͣҽѧò
۵˵ǰȷʵϻۣοûˡ
ŻʺԼ𣬲Ц»棬ȻˡȻϻͣǱˡ
͵͵Ƴų˵ͷǸͣ
ˣ˵Ͼ̸ܾТʡ
-

448 ͬս

Żʺ۶˵ҪսµȻм١
ܿ쿪˽⣬һЩսȥ
ûãҲ˿ⷿ˲ٺöĸֺ͹ܼһ͵ϡ
ûţһ·Ϻܶ˶ˡ
һĴԹܿ춼֪ˡ
Ϣ˼ܿͻ
ڲ겻ڵģôأ
ºͻʺͻȻʹ;ͰˣôҲͶ
͵ô
ͻȻѲ˵ʲô
˵ǹȻ֧
бºͻʺʲô˼
ͨϰ벻࣬ǶֺǺǵ֡
ǵĴԹûôˡ
ǰͻȻּ˹֮ŮΪ̫Ӳ˶̧̫ӡ
뵽û죬ۺŻʺָʹͣ
͵ĳʼύˡ
Ѳɣ֮ŮΪ̫ӣ
ʵλ
˲²飬Щ
ôͶ̫Ǽ£̫ӺѧҲԺλ϶ǸദĻʵۡ
̫ӣҲپվӣõľ봢λ֮ͷ
񵹺ã˵ۻðɧ
Ⱥܹأ
һͻȻ̫Ӳ˳ۣҪϵ̫ӣô죿
ٹٶˣҲ˭硣
ĵģ֧̫ӵǰˡ
ǰ۸̫˸Ҫ̧̫ӣɰ˷ܻˡ
뵽ת֮䣬ͼתֱ¡
ۺȻһʹѲǶ
Ȼǲ²йϣֻСؿš
ĽҲ˵ϢòᣬӶ˺ˡ
ӵӣԲĶӣֻ޲ʱЩȥѶС̫
С̫ͲŸĸܼôƫȥ
⣬ңӨӨҲ˵Ϣ
ڿ飬Ϣͱø
ǰּѡΪ̫ӲҪ̧̫ӣԺ̫ӵٴ󱦣˵̸ܹ
ǽʲô⣬пܵϻʺ
뵽ŹȥûãۺŻʺȲظʹ͡
ͻʹ;һİƴӨӨϣ˲˹
ӨӨɫúܲÿ׵һѪɫûУ˰Ƕ͸һû˻ıƵġ
۵ؿ̲סΪƽ˵ºͻʺﵽôģôͻȻʹгȻҲ̫°ɣ
죡ӨӨõصһۣž棬磬ôãѵûѧأ⻰˵ģ
˶٣ҧ˵У̫ӵǴܳʲô£֪⻰Ǵ˳ȥʲô³
Ҫҽģǵ˹ﻹðʧоģ
ź֪ʶԼո˵˻ŵøϽҰˣū֪ˣ
ӨӨƳһۣȴ̲סʡ
дҲд
ԴӱѡΪ̫ӲЩˡ
ǻû˵ʱΧûˡ
Ҫڹ˵ĻλѾΪж̫Ź
ӨӨԽԽ£ȴ̲ס뵽
ۺŻʺ󲻿ƽ޹ʵʹͻȻʹͣѵʲô£
Ѳɣλˣ
Ѿ˶պ󶼽ü
ż޵ã
ǰô̵ʱ䣬ܵġ
϶ˡ
ͷҲûʲôϢ
ӦǱԵʡ
ӨӨͣ˵Լȴ̲ס˹ռս
뵽λ޾׵ˣӨӨ˴Բλ֮С
ˣû˻᲻ϲɣ
ֻϧȻ˶󶼽üѡ
ոռ޸ᶯ
ǵȵЩӣǾ͸вˡ
ݣûã
ӨӨ̲סͬս
ͬʱҲϢ
֣Ļŵģһ˵ۺŻʺ󶼸ʹͣͻŻŵȥϷˡ
ĸףո˵һϢʵЩ
Ϸ˵ϣһŵģʹ˼־棺ºú˵Żŵʲôӣݣ
֣⻰ŵøϽϣȴǴŻ֮ɫǣ˵
Ϸ˶豭һڣش˵ºͻʺʹ͵°ɣѾ˵ˣûʲô˵ġ
-

449 ֵ

֣Ϸ˵Ļȴûбο
ǾĻš
ǰòѡ˸̫ӲѾˡ
ھȻָʹͣһ͵ĳܳ֡
ʲô˼
ܾⲻʲô¡
Ѳɣ۵ô
֣ԥһ̲ס˵ĸף˵Ҳһλǵñ¿صġ
ڳͻȻܾ²򵥡ǳ˵ʲôôͻȻ񣿡
˵ʲôϷƳһۣĿѲ㻹ΪҪ̫ӣ
˵еĲ豭һţ˵̫ǵճδ¿Ҳ̫ӣ
ݰֻҪ۾Ͳܷ̫֮λ
ôĴҲӦ
οʲôˣ
мԸλģ
ײУɱ˲գۣλǸ
ɳʺͣȿݣλȻλʾ
ԣ䣬ֳ֧˾Ҫ̵ֳ֧˶öࡣ
Ϸ뵽ЩЦ
ԭҲܵģѧЩͲˡ
ʱ֣ɫϷ˾̲ס
Ϊ͵˵Ȼȥɣºôǰˡ
صģ̫ӡҲ룬һЩʹͶѣȵϹ
֣ô˵ͻȻúе
ϸ룬һЩʹͣЩ֮
ȻǹΪá
֣϶ʱûôˡ
ʵϣô˻١
۷׷ף˽ºܶ˶ڲ²⡣
඼ãۺŻʺʹͣҪ
ֱڶ糯
𾪵ط֣ųȻϳˣ
ɫ죬Щ졣
Ҫ֪ųȻ˳ȴǴδϹģ
˭֪˻ĵۣ㱻ĵȥҵ
ȻұסһȴػݣҲ˥ˡ
ûûֻܹӲдһһ졣
λǷͺʹ͸ۡ챦
˵ųǸ衣
ʱܶ˿۵̬Ⱥ󣬻ȥͽų
ųлͣ˭Ҳ
糯һ춼û
˭뵽μ糯ųȻϳˣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
Ѳĳˣ
ѵ˵µҪ̫ӣ
ȻĻһֱںﲻϳųôϳˣ
ٹٲͣشųϵߺ󣬲˶Щź
ǰĵλʱųǾϳġ
˶֪ųиò
ȷе˵żҵ˳öܲ
ֻϧſǻˡ
Ϣʱ򣬲֪˶Ůӵġ
˵Щ¥ĹϢ󻹴һ
Ҫ֪ųǰûݵʱ򣬿ǻ¥ĳͣ
ڡ
͵͵ųϵߣ𵱳Ǹ֥ķӣﶼ̲סź
ȴ֪͵͵ųʱųҲڿǡ
Լϴߣʱ󵨼ˣЩӣ͵͵ġ
ųĿŵع۲ٹٵɫвмˡ
һȺ˻
Ȼ͵͵ض
Ҫ
ųͣи̣ۿԽԽ࣬Ҽ˶͵ժϵߡ
͵͵ٹ٣
ĳѣ
ѸãųʱҲ⣬׼ȥк
뵽ųͻȻͰϵ߸ժˣ
ժ߾ͰˣؼǣΪʲôȻû£
ϵİأ
Щôûˣ
𾪼ˣ۾Լۻˡ
ǡʱˡ
ѿ̣Ͻ˹ȥų˵쿴ǲС˾ˣ
ؿС˾˶ʶˣ
ѣ
±һ˲Ȼ˵ҵȻʶС˾ˣǡС˾Ѿ١ô£
˵ʱѹųˡ
ϧųѾƼǣ۾ء
Ȼ˶ξ룬ųǺ˽ģĿܲ²˵ʲô
ųֱӳֵ˹
ѿŰŵĪĻţ̲ס˶㣺磬ҵŵզС˾߲أ
ֱԱһ¶˳
𾪵صԲ˫ۣ
ʱųѾߵǰ۾Բˣ̲ס̧ӵôԲʲô
-

450 

ѽŵؿųΪųվǰÿˡ
ؿųϲһ̺۶ûУƤȻ˲٣
Ҫˣ
е㲻㣬־ų̫ˡ
ǰͦϲųС˾ˣΪ˾̫ˡ
Դų֮󣬾䣬ЩС˾ˡ
ڿųѲģˡ
͸˳ɾĺƵġ
ѽŵؿڣСС˾ˣ㡭û
Χٹ⻰˶䡣
ʵҲǶ֪ųƢҲ֪ʥŨ
˭Ҳûҿڡ
ʳһֱʵ⣬ȻѶųô˵
ųˡ
ؿλһۣſѣ˵㡣
ѣ
һ˲ͻȻ뵽ʲô
죬ۺŻʺͻȻʹҲ
ͷ϶й
ѿ˿ųֿ˿̣յСʵ磬¸òйذɣ
̾ؿһۣվˣŤŤģûͷƵġǰʷˣָõˡ
Զļʷ⻰ɫЩڡ
ǲûôأ
Уųô£
Ҳ֪ѽ
ٹٵɵϣܿҲ뵽ʹ͡
ۺŻʺʹʱǶΪڰ̡
ڿ˵ǲ´ˡ
ų˵˵÷ǳأڲûһžȻ˺ü꣡
ô
Ѳ¸йأ
ǱºͻʺʹͲˡ
ųҲ̫˰ɣ
˵Ŀȫ
ôһ¶ûУ
ôָģ
Ѳû£ҥԣ
ǲ԰Ҫһʼû£ôãܳˣ
˶Щ벻ס
ڳЩ˻û˺ųֻ԰ˡ
ԴʱųЩɲ̲סųδݡ
ɳѾͲһˡ
ݲͬǼųݺӵġ
Żݵ̫£֮ͱŵòᣬֱڶǵһ
ԿųָŸΪ𾪣
ųٳˣȻָܻ
òҵ˰ɣ
ʱҲˡ
ֵúܣųһΪԼۻء
Ҫȳö࣬Դӵ̫Ӻ͸עԼвأ˿
Ծ𾪣Ҳֻ΢΢ɴ˫۰ˡ
Ƭ̣ͻع񣬴ųǰС˾ˣѾûˣ
ԭƺͻȻ̺ͳѶڣԥһ˲󣬹ϸ˳ƺ
ųųཱུģʱ۾
Ƴһۺ󣬹תĿ⳯̿ȥóϴϴ۾΢̫ӵ¡
ϽסǹµС˾ˣô⡣
ųһֻüƤˣϽվֱ壬һ
֪ԼǡҲ̫ˣ
ԲøƵģȻͦһӣһ
ų̣ûסЩʹĵ˵̫ƽʱӦע壬Щźá
ɫʱЩ̫ÿ
Ȼ׾˾˸ˣ
˾˻ֻ˼ꡣ
࣬Ҫ᲻١
ų紺֮ٿվųԱߵĳ̸ѣʱ޵֮С
ų׾˾ˣ̺ͳ׵ܵܡ
˶ÿվһ·ʱڷ⣬Ψǰ׼ģֵø͵Ƶġ
͵͵ƳԼԲĶӣвٴʵĳ嶯
Уüˡ
ҪټȥԺ϶
ܵȻˣǳöÿ˿˾̲סϲ
׾˾˶
Ҳ
Ҫٲ⣬ȶ˵Ҳ
뵽ܣʱĻŲѡ
ɲöˣ
ʱˡ
߽ʼϳ
ۿվȺųҲЩ⡣
Ѿ֪ųָòûϾشλӵɫ͵͵źϷ
ͬʱʹͷϵҲԽԽࡣ
ߵ㣬Ҳǳʱ״Ԫ¥һš
ûãĻưһľƵơ
ͷһŲɫĻʮעĿ
˺߹ȥͷľȻһģͷСĿ־ĸ֡
˾ȵǣķȻǲɫģ
-

451 ־

ϵĲɫʮעĿ˿֮󣬶غ
ʶֵģ֪Ŀʲô˼
ɺġ־֣ǾͲرˡ
ǲɫķ棬ô£
Ѳɣ⡶Ŀ־ķ澹Ȼǲʻ
˵ֻǻϻ˲ɫģ
ʵʵĸһ
⻭أ
Ҫķ϶лǵöٻʦܹ
ǿ˶̲ס棬ǲ߽״Ԫ¥뿴ͷġĿ־
״Ԫ¥Ŀ־Ѿ׼ˡ
طͷ˵ϻһģĻ
⻭ͷŵĲ࣬һ۾ϳˡ
˶һϽ˹ȥشͷһ־
һ˾;ˡ
־ϵһģһԲ
ͷзǲɫģ
һʿӣһᣬվڹʯӭĻ档
ȻûɫʾȻʮֱмȻǣ˿֮󣬾̲סϲ˻еʿ
־һ˺һϵĻ󣬲Сط־鿴ͷݡ
һٴξˡ
־ﾹȻ¼˲£߻ͦȫĽʿ
𾪵ǣоȻм廭
ԿһۺĿԽȡ
ǡʱµ˽Ҳǿ־ġ
ǿˣϵĲʻòᡣ
˺ʵĻƣ澹ȻвɫĻѵǻȥģ˻ʦҲ̫ѹ˰ɣ
ЦЦ˵ûЩ־ȷܷѹɲࡣϲɵþ־ֻһٲᣬȻ˶ˣĻҪȲʱˡ
û˵־ϵĲʻô£ʵҲ⡣
˵Щ־ڳ˸û˼ȥܱġ
ղȲʵ־ۼ۶٣Ҫһ
Ƹæ˵Ҳˣ־治вʻвپѧ£Щµ߿ɶǴʷѿٲˡ
־ļ۸ɲͣ񡶾ձôˣ¿ɵپҪҪ򡣡
˴ǲǮģԾЩͷ˵ֱ˵Ҫӣ˾ǣ
УĿ־һۼʮӣԸھͿȥˡ
һ⻰üͷһ£ʮӣ
һҲЩ⡣
ʮӣǲˡ
Ҫ֪֮ͨңһµĻöһӡ
һ־ȻҪʮӣ
ͷĲʻʵѵá
ͷҲǳԴңѵá
ʮӵҲ̫ˡ
ƵǾù˵־ףҲһٲᣬȵһٲ꣬ɾˡ
һʱ޷ֵĸо
־ͷɶǺ£˵ǳãҪǾôˣ˵򲻵ˡ
һ룬ҧһ
˵һͷˣ˾Ͷˡ
һ뿪и˿ͷĻ½˽ȡ¡Ŀ־
ǽģĿ־ԽԽࡣ
Ŀ־ۼ۰󣬵Ҳм˶
ͷµȷ˵úܣǿûܹġ
һЩǮ̼֣˵º׷־
ֵ̼λߣϲӹţ̧Լĵλ
⡶Ŀ־ѵõĲʻкܶдľѧ£˵ɲɾô
ϢȻвĽרܵ״Ԫ¥ͷĿ־
̶һĹ򣬡Ŀ־һٲᡣ
ƹʱ˻ȻĻġ
ȵ磬ר־˾͸ˡ
Щߣ͵͵˼顣
ʱ־ԽԽࡣ
Ϣܿ촫˽˵Ķ
֪ܵСǰȥ״Ԫ¥ô¡
ΪҴӣȻǰ֪󣬶˽ҵ
ֻðСǰȥ
С˴ͨīʶֵġ
״Ԫ¥ͷŵ־;ˡ
ԾȻģ
״Ԫ¥ʲôĿ־Ȼвʻ
ôģ
Ѳ˻ʦ
ǵöٻʦܻһٱ
С˰ľֻεʮӣһĿ־ȥ
Էʮף⡶Ŀ־ǲȥ⿿ûý֪־֮
ֻ뵽һ־ȻۼʮӣЩġ
ȥ֮󣬽֪ʮӹ־϶ˡ
-

452 ﷺ

С˴־һ·ػ˽ҡ
ܿȲʵȥˣΣ״Ԫ¥һвͼ־
С˵˵ͷСؽ־ȡ˳뿴
һó־üͷˣôģ˵־ۼ۰Ҫʮһ𣿡
С˶ʱӣСԭҲ򣬿־Ĳһ㣬˾ˡ
ʵѾǲɫķ棬ͳԾˡ
ֻ뵽־ļ۸Ų˵һ䡣
С˵Ļӹ־ͷķ濴
һͻȻ˵ͷĻǻȥģӡˢȥģ
ϾǽѧӣҲó黭ԿһͿ⻭Ĳͬ
ӡˢСȴǳһɱȲϽܣСĻΪ뻭ʦģԭô⻭ɫҪôӡˢȥأ
û˵ֻɫ˲Щ
Ҫôӡˢȥ
֪
δ˵ѾĲӡ
ѵ״Ԫ¥ģ
Ҳ̫ˣ
뵽ܵɫԽѿ˷ϵʿһۣܿ췭־
ǣͷȻиĿ¼
Ŀ¼ͷµ֣ߣҳ롣
ּдѾھзҿÿͷиֱ룬˵ʲôƺš
ΪҴӣʶֿ֣ȴʮּļд֡
֣ʱЩºߣ
游ѧǵĴ壬Ȼϲһ塣
Ȿ־ͷ£Ȼ򵥡
߾͸ˣȫǳйԱһ׽ʿ
ˣдĿܲã
ƫƫһ־ͷȻ¼ʮƪ£
ܲɵЩµָߺ󣬾ѾʶⱾ־Ŀ֮
˲ȥЩµݣѸٺ־ŷϵ
Ŀҧ޵üҪѪǺһĿ
Ұ˸¹ı״Ԫ¥ȻôһĿ־Ǻõúܣ
ĵǣ־ֽŵʸУӡˢҪǵġ¹ıҪõö࣡
滹¼ʮƪ£
ͷȻиţ
˼־ֻһ滹ų
Ҫǽҵġ¹ı⡶Ŀ־Ķ֣
ԽԽޣиǻֲ̿
Ȳ־˳ȥ
²򵥣ȥ游ú£
⡶Ŀ־ȥǽҵġ¹ıҪݺݱȥ

һߣҡ
ӨӨ־Ҳ𶯲ѡ
վһԣʵڿʲôдúܺ𣿲ЩƯū澻δﻹŲʻġ
˵ıܻͼ黹ûġ
ӨӨ̾˿ЩȻдúãֻǲ֪⡶Ŀ־˭ģ˼
ӨӨ̾Ϣţ־еĲ廭ϸϸ
ֻǲ廭ر档
ѵõǣ廭ӡˢġ
ûˡ
δ˵ӡˢ
Ҳ֪ôģ
ãֱҲ벻
ְ취ˣ
λ
ǸŮӣܹİ취
Щӡˢʡ
ƽֲӡˢ벻ҲӦõġ
ҪЩӡˢˣܹ
ӨӨͣﰲοԼ뵽״Ԫ¥λĲҵ̲ס⡣
࿴飬Ҳһֱڿ
ϧֱڣҲûʲôرĶ
Ҳ֪λôġ
ŮӣΪͲУ
ӨӨ̲סЩʧ䡣

սȴ᲻ӨӨʧ顣
˵־󣬻⡣
ǰԼһ˹鷿һЩʲݮ̵Ʒ
̾ûô̹ˣȥˡ
ʳȥġ
ս˲ٶʳ뵽ͷĸĸ󣬾Щ顣
˼ȥսܲʳװһŴϣĸ
Щͦģװʳͷ͸ˡ
ϣһ·ͷ
ý䵶ʳҲҪ򿪼顣
ɵǣִڵĸպþխZ
խZ緢Ի뵽ս̲סᡣ
Դջ֮Ҳûսˡ
̣ÿ춼ܼ
Ǳˣ
խZߵţԼ̵ʳС
Ҫִʲô
-

453 ڲͬ

խZ۾ĿⲻƵؿų̡
̵һʱͲˡ
խZһۣխZ˹䴽ǣЦЩֻ
խZܿǰޱؿְμүүѺӴ򿪡
ЦЦؿһۣ󷽵ش˺ӡ
խZʶ￴ȥͷĶͫ˲Ŵ
װģȻǿŴϣ
ڣҲֳ
ѲǼٵģ
ֻαװϵģ
ѵ˵Ҫͼıˣ
խZҼˣ̶һ˲ĹѾԲʮֵıƹϷ
˭֪ʱͻȻС˵СЩǱñТĸġ
խZ⻰˲øߣ
ģ
Ѳɣ̲ԼҪͼı죬ΪŰ
뵽ܣխZĻżˣǱܵط²⡣
ܵģôɵ
϶ˣ
ţխZͻȻ֣˹ȥ
֤ʵԼĲ²⣡
ûֻЦЦؿխZ
խZܿƤָ⴫ĴУ̾ʶһϣ
խZ΢΢˿
ɫؼȷͷûʲôֽźȴǸˡ
Ȼϣ
ڣôϣ
̾Ȼ˵Ǳģϣ
խZ˳һۣҪЩʲô⿴˿ΧʶԲ˵ĵط
ΧбˣҪʳ˵
ڲ£ʱϼԳΪˡ
ȥԱδǺ¡
խZһֻܰסĵĺĻţʲôҲûʡ
Ͳµ϶ʣԹ⳯ЦЦȻʳ˽ȥ
۵ģͷ̫ʱ䣿
խZǸģ;һ
ϧǹһһж˫۾ţ
ҶԳκβ
ֻؿų̴ǿŴȥۡ
̲ŲЩ˼ʳ߽Ϳڿʲô
ϸһģ״Ԫ¥³ġĿ־
̿Ĳɫ棬úЦ
Ȼʵʵظ
μʡ
־ϵ£ƳһۣԭᣬȴͻȻ˳ֱߵʳС
ʶ̿ˮȻе־Σƽɣִʲôˣ
˵λ˶صشТĸ󡣡
һλ͵ģʱˡ
ԼΪʵֵۣܱ̫ϸţƵģ͹򶨵ʵŶʲô
̴ʳУ뿴ǿϡ
ţΪԼˣʶʳͷ˹ȥƼͷƤϺ˲ԼһʼĴ㣬۾ɵԲģϣ
ھȻϣ
̫ªˣ
ɵı̫ˣ
̵һЦȷϣѾˣζֱҲδκβףŶ˹Тĸ󡣡
ⷬ͸Ӽˡ
۾ų̣ո˵Ʒˣ
ͳԹˣŸ
˶
̸Ͻ͵ͻȻϣʱΪȡȻ͵ģ˵ʲô⡣
λҲΪζϡڰ˵ϣԵ⡣
ϳʵˮ飬͵ģֱˣδ̫˷ѡžȳû⡣
ն֮󣬵ûκβʡʵҴ⣬Բȵ죬ûʲô׺󣬲žʣµТĸ󡣡
ô˵ǶТͦ⡣
ֻ뵽ȻգЩȻģֺαƷϣβԣ
˵հп󣬷ϿŸƽʱԵϲ𣬾ԹȻõġ
ŷˡ
ֿǿŴϣԽԽ⡣
λɣͻȻϣʲô˼أ
ʵɼˣ
źҡҡͷֻƼһӰӣλɵٶ̫ˡ
˵ͻȻͣһֹģ
æʵʲô
ɵ˵λɣƺؿڸ֮ϣһЩˮ߲ˡ
ۣ
Դӵ֪λɵĴڣͲ²Ρ
ȴôҲû뵽λɾȻڲͬ
-

454 ʦ

͵͵۵ɫ˳˼ƺĥλɵ⣬͹ʵ˴ǰʵҲЩ벻סλϹ߲ˣк⣿
۱һʣɫЩ̫ÿ
ʲô
ֲɣ֪˵ʲô
ֲԸԼ²ҪǳˣԵûã
ۿɲڶǰ
ⷴʵأĿʲô
˵նȻûпλɣȴ
ֵǣȻֻжһϾڶߣȻʲôҲû
²⣬λʹõģǴ˵еĴ֮
һô˵̲ס⣺˵ʲôˣ
̵ı˲ùŹλ˵Ļʳ̫ίͽܣҪͳԵ
ۣ
Ļʳܲ
ɵؿ˳һۣͻȻʶʲôɫܿѿ
Ϊ̴֪СǸΪģ֪ʲôǽڼ󣬸ǴίԼ
Ļʳôܲˣ
ɼǵãĳӻǹǳҪġ
£ĳʳҲˡ
λʳãŲô
ϵǺøȻôһλʦ
λɾȻӿڸ֮еҵ
뵽ɫȻѿȴ쳣ƽ
Դӵ֪λɵĴڣ̲ס裬˽û͵͵²λɵĿġ
ڿλȻ²Сдвġ
˾Ȼ̶ܹӰʵǲ͡
ͻȻ
Уʹʦ
Ҳ֪ʦ˵λɡ
뵽̲סǿŴϿ˹ȥ
ۼˣǾóԾ
ڣȻܹ
Ҳ֪λôġ
ѲɣǴطģ
ϸͨϣʲôͬ
ԥһ˲Ǿʦơ
ϣɲԡ
ȻѾԹˣʲôɣ
ˣȻʦˣùʦɡ
ȻСӻ˵ɵĶӡСӶûأɲܳӡ
뵽ʦ
һ˲ͺˡ
ֻТĸ󣬾Ȼλʦ
ǸҦƺЩֶΣһƳʲôձΣˣ
뵽͸ˡ
ֲߡ
ҦҪҦ濴ʲôҲü¡
﷢ţƳ
˼һͻȻ뵽ʱ۷־
ǹʵʸոտڿĿ־
һ⻰ɫЩ̫ÿ
ոڿĿ־ͷĲʻЩ£û취⡣
뵽ոտǱ־̲ס˳һۡ
̻Сʱ֪СӲףϲ赶Ūǹ
ȻҲϲ赶Ūǹټϴһ㶼Ӹ⡣
ųԽԽ̲סˡ
̫ˣ͸ˡ
˻ʵּۣ̫ӣܶ඼óԸʺ̫֮λʱҲôġ
̸Щ֮ҲĶ˻ʵۣԺ˵Ϊ
һֱôģ˭֪״Ԫ¥ȻĿ־顣
ԴӿⱾ־ԽԽľ
־ϵĲͼͷ£š
һֱΪӾ֪ŵɱˣȴû뵽Ȼܹ顣
Ȼͷ¶ǳдģҲӡģ״Ԫ¥ȴڳ̵ƿ֮£
ԣ㲻ǳӡģҲĪĹϵ
̫ӾԵ̫ƽӹˡ
ղУֱ飬ֱҲûʲôջ
ǽңǰƺ˸¹ı
Ҳͷȷʵдúܲ
ǣ¹ıȫǽҵġͷǵ£߳˽ѧǰ¹Ժˡ
Ծ⡶¹ıٺãҲϲ
ⱾĿ־ȴԲͬ
⡰Ŀ֣Զ
ӣתͷ
˭Ҳû˵ﰲš
ͻȻ۷·ʵ״Ԫ¥ǰʲôٳɰ࣬ǰ챨ֳֽ⡶Ŀ־ֿɻã
⻰˲¿ˮ⻰ʶˣ״Ԫ¥ƹǰòŸ˵̫ˣöЩ˹ȥæ
ɶЩֲ죬ȥô˰Źȥ
-

455 ̵

ۿųǶֱˮЩۡ
֪ģʿ֮еãҲûԸ⹩ʹ
״Ԫ¥òεġĿ־Ǹɫ
һ͵˵ˣҪȱ֣޸ˡ
⻰ЦллʣʹȻӢ䣬öڡ
ȥˣ̲סˣú˵ƽЩ飬㲻ѧЩ֮ԣɺͳ
գգۣͻȻ˵ʣࡣ
۲ؿ˵ʲô
̴ӻͳһдõۣ˵ģ棬Ҫڿ
Ƴеۣ뵽ʦûɵţƳ۶дЩʲôʱ䡣
˵ͷɡ
ȥۣתۡ
۷˿Ȼſţɫͳȥ
ɫԽԽֺת˲١
ɫ۷ڰϣ̧ۿ̣뿪ͨУ
ڻ£ѾĻΣǾðԡ
Գɹ˵ÿСĴۣԭͼ
Щ嶼ȥţ˵Ϊ߹ؼս£Щɱ
ֻǣܷɹÿ۵˼
֮󣬾ðԡ
ͬ⣬߹ص˵ơ
ƣҲӰ죬츲صı仯
Žϣ۳ȥ
ۿǿŴϵķϣط
ų̣ȴǸ⸴ӡ
ǰرأûٸ򽻵˧ĵؽȥ
ϧǱ߲ԭȫǴƬĲԭһܳߡ
ÿδȥҲֻɱһˣЩ˵ʹ
ôҲû뵽ֱֱȥֻõ˵ĶӣȻҲļƲ
̣ͨΪݳɱٳûʳһռĵ̡
ļƲߣν
ǵܹɹȴñ߹ر÷սġ
ɳܵĶˡ
ȴЩȷļƲߵܹɹ
ͨԼѵǰ壿
Ҫ֪ȫǴƬĲݳΪԵʣʺֲׯڡ
ЩҲΪ¡
ÿ굽ʮ·ݣǱ߾ͻῪʼѩ
˺Ҳ徭ȱʳ
ǲŻ½ӣʳڣ鱦˿ڣ°ӹȥΪǵūǷ
ˮ࣬ȻԽ߹سǽ޵øιЩ
ֻǻȥ϶ǻѡ½ӡ
ǵ濪ͨУЩʳȡţƥӦûв˶ġ
ϸƲС
ɲܰǰñǿ׳ӡ
ᵽó˾Щ˼
˼ãԽԽĶΪʵۣԼԲܳ嶯»ôӳ顣
룬ųʵ⻥֮£ôģ
治ɫ˵ǰЩӣһֱ˲²⣬ζѩӣĴѩ֮ͻ½ӡ
ҲһֱڵĴ£Ļ鿪ͨУԭ̫ðգĻһͬ飬˼֮󣬱ôһ취
ĬĬͷ̯Ļͷϡ
ռսĹֻͣսΪŮӣʵ˵ŮӸɡ
ռѫ֮ңխZΪ͢ǧ
۾սռҶΣա
ԼҲҶݹֻͣ˵Ļż˼Ľ
֮󣬹ȻûʣȻ𰸲⡣
̰˿
һЩڻе뷨͸Ļˣʵ⣬ܴ
ôһ̸ʱ䲻֪͹ȥˡ
ֱ˽ͨ˵ǹʦˣ۲δͣ
˳һۣĿ⸴Ӽˡ
ܾóֻ֪¶ݣᵶɱˡ
Ǹıç
ӵǱΪĸЩ
ȻǷȱһЩǱǰǳ˲١
⻥еܹɹúúⴢѡ
뵽̾˿е˼ʦ
ʦܿ˽
һ߽ǲʲô͵سǿϿ˹ȥɫ䡣
ȴû뵽ķӦ˴һ˲
-

456 ̰

۽ŵؿҦ򶨵ʵʦƳʲô
Ҧ˶꽻ҦԴʶ췴
Ϊ䱸ֱڣҦҲȫΡ
ȻҦΪʮһյ췴˼Ȼ԰췴ɹδؾͲȥˡ
Ҧ֪ȤûаѳȨƣʵڳͷӲύȨ
ȥ
ŶЩûȥʱ͡
γϣЩ׼λɵ⣬ǸδɣҲΪ
Ͳҳԡ
Ҧæûʲôס
ȴû뵽ҦһӦȻ˴
Ѳɣϵ⣿
̲ס˫۸ǲɫҦ̵ķӦ
Ҧͳ̴ʱƽ
ȥҦʱ򣬳̾ͺˡ
ֻǺ̸˻УҪ¸ˡ
Ҳû뵽ҦķӦô
Ǹ϶ѣô
۲ԲŻӲɡ
ܲô
ǿͨϣ˵ζЩûжֽţ
Ҳţսᶯֽš
ǬᣬܽȻκų
ǵҪ۵ֺαԣóˮͷ¶
ԣϾԲŶԡ
Ȼû⣬ҦΪ˾ȣ
˿ǸϺ꣬ڲϣҦϺϣҲûҪӦôɣ
Ѳɣϻʲôرĵط
̲ס˫ȴҦаԽ䱸
ҪҦ˵Щʲô
Ҫ˸Һ˵˵ɲ
ҦʱҲĴġ
ǿϣǿҵĳ嶯ҪҸڣϡ
뵽ͷЩ
ĸоԲдͷȻ
ϣóŶԡ
ôģ
Ҧԥã̲ס˹ȥ̽ʵ£ɷƶϸ鿴ϣ
ֱӴӦˣ㿴ɡ
ҹʦùʦʲôô
̿һĻвӽš
Ҧ۵׿ϣϣϸ鿴
һ飬͸ˡ
Ȼûпͷ
ңⶫӦﳤġ
ֻǲ֪Ƭʲôط
ܹõ
ҦԽԽĶ̲סʵүǴӺδϣ
Щ⣬ҦȻ
³ġ
һ룬־ûʲôֵġ
ҦǸƻϺ꣬µҲ
룬˵ϣһλɸġλɻǬ֪ʦ˵
Ҧ⻰һݡ
ԭ²⣬һƬﳤϣóżȻõˣǴ׸ۡ
ֻҪϸʳƬصλãзӽΪС
ȴû뵽̾Ȼ˵ʲôɸģ
˻Ǭ
ģ˵ط֮⣬бߣ
ԷȻǬ
óԴ
ҦЩ᲻ϸƬء
ųʵɣүε֪˾ɣǽƭӹαװ
˲ɫطʦѵΪǸɵӣɸƭӶֲʦȻѾ鿴ϣ֪ʲô
Ҧԥ
ǰЩ˷ɣڶûȫָ
ϴܹȥ㲻ȫָȴҲвٺô
ǣλɵڣ˻ѣϣҪ˵ˣ
ʱѰ鷳ǴΪ
Ҧ뵽ͻȻһ
ողŵ˸ϢųѾָò
ǼģΪ˾ҽ
ϧóҽֻųһƽƣ޷κ塣
ųҲ֣֮ª
ƣԲͨҩܹκõġ
ųͻȻָȻǵʲôԵ
Ϊ̿λ
˵ȷڡ
뵽Ҧʱźˡ
ԭҸڶϣڿǲˡ
λɼȻڣ
˭ڶܰ˵ˡ
Ҧֻʹʵ˵£մȾӦ֮гģǳˣ֮Ч
-

457 

ԽţҦĻ˶סˡ
մȾ
ﳤģ
˳˻٣
ԽԽòԾ̲סۿȥ
۹ȻѾĶﷴӲ
ոڵҦ˵˵⣬ҦĿޣ̷Ӳ
֪Ҧ壬ֻҪһû£
һޣ̷ʦ⻰Ϳ˰ɣųһϣûʲôٵЧ
Ȼ˵»ãһ˵£۾̲סһۡ
̣
Ҧӣ˳һۡ
̱ûڣ־ҦƺЩĽ
ʱûļƤˡ
ո˰ɣ
ҦĽ
ôܰ
ϺװһĪӣɴģôܻĽ
Ȼ̻ûҦȷĽ
ܲĽô
ﳤϣ̺˶кôģ
̵ãȻѾһϣ
ҦֱĽˣ
ֻҦһЦɻǹȥǸĪģүԲӣƶڱǰԣ
ߣүȻѾԹϣѵû֣ϵζЩر𣬶ҳȥ̩ͨô
͵͵һ£Щˮʱȷʵóȥͦģ˲٣ȻҲûֶӡ
ֻɲɵ˵
˵û֣ǹʦ㿴˰ɣʲôزصģδ˵
⻰̾صһۣСӺ˵˵ʲôأûʲô˲ģԵʶǳôûʶ԰ڣҲӶˣ
̼װû۵˼طʦո˵ʲô٣δҲ̫ˣǿϰˡ
Ҫ٣ԹʦͣβЩٵĵҩʿóô
ԭЩ⻰̲ס˼
ʿ˵١
ʷϾкܶҪ꣬ƴҩĻʵۡҩӿȥˣȴûܳ꣬Լˡ
˵ûҦʲôҩȷǵʿ
ѵҲ
˵ʲô٣ģǹŵģ
ۻЩҩĻʵۣͶٵ˵л
ҦزĲֻõһЦүˣƶո˵٣ʵиǰᡣ
ȻãֻһŵĻЧȷʵޡܹʳãŻٵЧ
ʦ˵ĳʳãѵָÿһϣ
̹˼ôϣɲţ⿿ϣٵģҪ٣ǵǿЧ
۰Ե˵ͷ
ţС˵ûǿסʲôã
ȻҦô˵ˣϵȷǺö
ôһ룬ؿ˳һۡ
˺ö֪ТܲСТġ
ʱͻȻ˵ʣȻû⣬ھȥĸϷ˰ɣ
˵꣬͵͵ƳҦһۡ
ֻҪʴӦȥܷ﹬ͲϺ껹Ҹţ
ҦϵЦ΢΢һ
ǣԣ
Ҧ룬˵£ղƶֻǼϵƤΣƶδ
һ⻰е
ʳòãô֪
뵽Ҧղ˵ЩۺܿµϺ볢һϡ
˰ϸˣȻ󷽵طһҦ
̴ͦģԼжʮӡ
п֮ÿһһҡ
۴󷽵طָҦҦȲسȥ
Ȼѡ
δҦ˼еӣ
ǿôѵЩҲ˰ɣ
Ҧ۾ȵؿͺĽ͵֪̺᲻ɢп֮ɢٶȻ졣
»Ǿ콫ʣµϳԵΪãȻþˣɢˣɾ͸ͨûʲôˡ
һ⻰һ˲
ԭôҦ˵ģܹٵ˵
ʱҦеģ˵ɢ̲סˡ
ܿȡϣ̫Ӻ̫ȥ
˶٣˵Ҳȥ飬гҲ顣
˵룬ֲҲ͡Ҳ顣
һͣҦոճԵһ飬ͳȥ˾ſ顣
гҲͶʮӣһͳȥſ飬ʣʮһ顣
۾ˣʣµģͻʺųԡ
-

458 Żʺ

ҦͿʼѪ
ôõϣ۾Ȼ󷽵˳ȥﰡǣ
ԥһ˲û
Բ˵٣ҾˣҲܰȫ͸
ɡ
취
ϼȻóģ˵óϡ
λɣΪλϣ
ѵǿ
Ҧתȴǲɫ
ۼȥŻʺϣٴ̸Ҧˣֱӻ˻֣ǻȥ
ҦѾϰ̬ȣ⡣
ۼҴҵˣЦеߵǰƵؿ޵үһƬТģƶ
̾ؿȻ˵ʦˣТĸѵӦõô˵ˣǿ϶ѡ
ҦһۣƺûǿϷ̲ס˵үжϣɷƶ
̴󷽵˵ڿûϣϣԺˣһˡ
Ҧ⻰ϵЦݶЩӲˡ
̹װɵòѻ˵øЩƶ˵ģǽϡ
̶ʱɫ˵ʦǾýϲһ㣬ƾʲôãܹõأ
ǱˣҲТĸʦѵڹʦֲ̼ɣ
Ҧ
Ҳ֣ҪǲᣬѲҪֱӸҪ
Ϊ֪̾ǹԣô˵̶л
ҲգͲţҲǸɣ
ҦĵһȴɴЦƶ˼ǲܣү͵ƶû˵ɣƶǡ
̵̬ȾͲôˣʦ㡣
Ҧһߣмһֱȥܷ﹬
ʱѾǰˣŻʺϡ
۵ɫ̫ÿʲô޲Ȼȥ𣿡
Ȼ˵˹ǰݼĸֱӻȥ
ŻʺȴЦˣȻˣɣϡ
Ȼ˵꣬۾ͻʳذװϵԼǰﲻ˵ýѾԹˣԶСֶӡԵҦϺ˵ˣǺöܹ١
Żʺ֪ǳģô˵Цʦǹˣ϶ѣֲʲôǧ˲Σ֥Ŀ٣
ǲ֪ܲ٣ֻǲϣ⻰̴鷳
Ļ˵Щ
ԭǲôҦ˵ʲô٣ҦȲسϣžϻЩͬ졣
ЩŰˡ
Żʺ˵ʲôǧ˲Σ֥ͻȻӦ
ⲻôֲʲôǧϣôˣ
ҦȻںɣ
ôһ룬̲סֳһڣϸϸƷζ
һƷ;ζܲҲûʲôĵط
ǸŻʺĻҦں
뵽̧۳̿ȥ
ԭ붣̣ҪʲôϹ߲ǵͽ
ŻʺĻ⻰˵ˡ
ôǸʵۣǵϹ߲ˣЦô
ˣﻹȱʵĹϹ߲ˣ
۶ʱ㣬Գ˵Ѿĸˣȥɡ
Ժλٸϱͳʳͱˡ
ôǸЩС£Ц
ߣӣѵҪǶϱǵʳ
ȴǰ˿Ȼĵر֤֪ˣԺٲˡ
ؿһۣص˵ͷţТǶԵģȥɡ
λصɻǲȫģó̼ͣҲΪãСӱˡ
ô˵ǳװˣϳ˹
ֱӻ˵ս鷿ͽȥˡ
һȥͿսǰһʲˮ
ͷ˺üˮͦÿġ
߹ȥòӲһͽζžЩ
սƳһۣɫƺ̫õӣ̲סʵôˣ鲻ã
ϣƵ˵ϣģ˹ʦ鿴ϡ
սЦЦûӣЩҲӦõġʦϣ˵ʲô𣿡
̸ƣ˵ǿﳤģ˵˿١˵˵
-

459 Ҧ

ս̵Ļ˲ɫô˵ģ
˵ʦҦĴҲʷϼļء
˵֣ɾж־Ͳˡ
ûй˵Ļ
ĵӾǾҦˡͬĵӾͷҦİҲͬ
дüĿģһģӢ߿ġ
ս١
ȻеĵӾѹûɺӰӾ̫ˣϵܿ
㲻ȥǻᾭˢ
սļܲԿ֮ͼסˣˡ
սδҦ
Ҳûȥ
ϹҦĴԺܶ࣬Ҳǲ汾£±Ƴ
ʱ̵Ļս˲侯
ҦȻܹ˵˾Щ£
٣ܹӦĴڡ
˵ҦʮǰͿʼ췴췴ɹͱõ͵
Ҳ֪˵ͼʲô
᲻ʲô
ս뵽ʱˡ
̼ɫã˵ģѾŪȥˣӦûĻ
սؿǹʦ𣿸ѵ
ЦЩ̣ҦȻǹʦɸֲɵȫģ
ǿ϶ѣֲʲôǧ˲Σ֥˵ʲôܹ٣ʵ̫ˡ
˵ҡҡͷЩҦô˵Ȼš
ҸѾ˵ˣԺʦʲôԵ͡
˵ȴ˿
̫çײˣֻТĸȴνʶȻҪɵġ
ȻֻǵҪТĸ󣬿ͳʳвͿܱˡ
˲ûȫɾ˳ûȥĳʳ˶ɾҪԩˡ
Ҳǵ˳ûңŻô˵
뵽̾˿ԺʲôԵģԼԾˡ
ս˵ͷ̼Ȼô˵ûҪٵĹˡ
Ҧ̬ȣʮ⡣
ʵǹʦأȻ˵ɻ˵˱ģ
⻰ʶҦ˵Щ
ʵҦĻѵﻹ
սһ˵ʵҦ˵ҲϵȷԵĻȷٵЧ
Դϴεõǿ鴫Ŀռ˲٣ҲŨЩ
պδҪ˲١
ԳĹϹ߲Ȼ࣬ǷˣҲԾʳá
ŨЩ˳ԵöˣҪˡ
ֻǲ֪Ҧô˵Ŀʲôſںߡ
սһֱûнӴҦʱȴãöһ˲С
ҦһҲ˭֪Ժʲô
ϡȻ
Ҧߣϣܲģ
߾С
ʵҲҦ˵ʵֻҦĻս鷳ŹŪ˹ȥ
ʱսô˵˲ʶء
̺ܿҦ˵Ҫϵ£˵뿪˵ҪϡŪ˹ȥ²ġ
սô˵ʱӾ衣
ϸ룬ֺܿ侲
һ£ҦʵӦûûǿ޷ĵز
ȻĻûҪô͵λͼˣȫ԰۱Ŀܡ
ǴĿǰ۲ҦĿܣʮ־衣
Ǿ˵ҦҪôû¿ҪôĳȻ⣬ֲֶ֮ˡ
ĻûҪ̫ˡ
ǵһ֣ҦʵǾˣҲú¡
ǵڶ֣ҦȻ⣬ҪϣҲ̫֡
ôһ룬սͰġ
ĬĬһˮȻ˵治ģˡ
˵̲꣬סʳ̣ˣЩ£
̻һ£ôһ˵ͻȻ֣Ǵδ֡ǻƽƣҲ֪ǲô길֮ʱʹƽƣûܹˡ
ƽƣս۾ⶫ࣬ǲ֪ЧΡ
ܿʳ̣йܲŪһҿ
̵ɫЩΪѣ͹һ飬ͲˡҪҸᣬһ顣
-

460 ̵

ս˳̵Ļٴ˳˼
˼һʵ˵Ҧֻһƽƣʲôʱ£
游ݱʱ򡣡̻ǰһʱǱɥʺĸܲģҦ˱һƽƣ˵ǿԻ
˶٣ָпѣսǿƽҲ֪ʲôʱ򲻼ġ
սô˵ˣǿƽӦõģ̣̾ƽƲģûˡ
ҦȻֻôһ飬ǹСġ
ս̲סʳ̣ƽûˣôûҪ
üͷҦǸϺ꣬˭֪ƽƵʲôҪҪȥ
սʱ֪˵ʲô
ûҦʵڲǸʲôˡ
̲ҪƽƣǵϲҦǲʲô
սбҪŪ£ڼҦֻܴӳ˽ˡ
ʵô˵㲻ϲΪʲôΪı㣿
̻һ£˵ܾã϶صģ˫۾·ơ֮˲ʲôöСΪϡ
սô˵һٴ
ոջҦǸʲôˣȻĿܡ
̼Ȼô˵Ǿ˵Ҧ϶Щġ
˲ûҰģֻʵסˡ
ˣ͸ҪСˡ
̵˼ҦǸϺꡣˣҪƣǻǷʤ
ҦֱӴţҦǲڰƣҪô
ֻǲ֪Ҧ֪˶١
뵽սæʵҦȻʹ
һ˼˵ģ֪ϸйϵֻ˵һλɸģû˵λʦȻ֪ҲҦϺ꣬ġ
ս˵⻰
ͨ˶֪ܷһ
ҦȻ۳ɹ췴Ҳ̫Щ
Եأ߹롣
˵ףΪЩ飬λû취ģ
ֲǸɵģ׳־ôܲɵҦ
Ȼɵе鶼͸¶Ҧ֪
ǿԼˡ
νɣʦ
ۼȻɵҦʦڶһɣƺҦ
Ȼɵ˵ʵ顣
ֻҦ֪ôһλɴڣҦɵ
ԣʱԷġ
ֻҪҦ֪ϸйأӦʱ
Ϻ꣬Ӧǽˡ
ȻҲʮ꣬Ҳû˵;˵ġ
ô꣬ģ㹻ˡ
ս˵Ӧû֣ҪСġһ뿴˵ƽơ
Һͽ˶Ҧƽƣ˵
һ֪սȥҦҪƽơ
ԭǲ̫ҪǶģ뵽սͣ־սܹƽƳʲô
˵ͷУȥһˡ
һȥҦ֪롣
ϳһ
ʱóѴ˵ȥ˵ܸҦӵ
ĴԹҪӵ˿ɲ١
֪Ҧƽƺӣ϶кܶȥ
뵽̲Ц
սһЦݣͲµ϶뵽ʲô⡣
̲סЦʲôأ뵽ʲôˣ
ûѸոļƻ˵ˡ
սһЦˣȻ뵽İ취һҦеæˡ
ͦ棬ҦӦԡ
ֱӱҥأ
˿Щͨƽأ
ӦòϣҦ̫ߵɣ
ϢҪǴȥҦЩ鷳
ߣã˭Լʵģ
˵ֳ꣬һЩˮˡ
ȥ󣬳ֱȥ˽
ѺͽȻճ깬ϡ
һˣϽӭ˳һ̾ʣ磬ûʸոˣڣȻҲϡ
ϵĹ˲û͸¶ϵԳѻ֪Եʵǳ͵ġ
ҲͣɲóѴ˵ȥ
ֱʳѣϵΣʹ̫ҽܵ𣿡
⻰һϵЦݾûˡ
ɫò̫ÿ̫ҽ˵ֻܲܺҲû׼
-

461 ͼɶ

ѵĻ󣬾˵Ҳ˶֪ܲܵáԱҹʦʣûа취
ȻҦʲô취磬òа취ɣ˵ˣҦϺϴģɲǡ
ҲôģҪսæϡҦƽơ
Ѿ˼ƽϣѵĻ󣬾Դǵ˵ܣô˵ͲˣҦǸ׷Ĺʦа취Թۣ
Ѳؿ̲סӽˮˡ
ȻĻô˵Ҧĺû
ɵؿų̣κЩĵʣ磬û°ɣ
ʵʵǣû°ɣ
û˵
ȴǱ̨ʣصһۣȻԴǵ˵Ȼû£ѵ㲻ȥ
˶Ҳ֪ܲܵãΪķ⣿
ܹʦûа취ܵȥһʣ͵Ǿˡ
ѱôһ˵Щˡ
룬ó˵Ҳûǵ˵ͷУҸһȥ
˵뵽Ҧ̲סһ䣺һǾǡ
̲ҦԸԸ⣬˵ȥ˵
ֻøһȥˡ

ŻʺϺһ
ţ˳̵Ƿۣ̲סŻʺᡣ
ͯ𣿡
ŻʺȴԸ񣬶ǳ̵ģ˵ʲô̫׵
Ц˵⻥е£檲̫ºβʴǵ˼
һ֪ʲʲôˡ
תһ룬ŻʺϾǸŮӣЩҲпԭ
ǵ˵ͷҲգȥʹԪǵ˼
˵꣬뿪ܷ﹬Ȼ˰ѰԪڵļس˹
ǵ˼

ҦСھͷЩԶԳ̺ͳȥġ
ֵʱ򣬿ɽϵСۣѾ̲סϺ껹ǻ㣬Ȼֵط磬˵ͼɶ
ȻϲҦȴҲòҦı¡
ֵǣλҦȻˣںʲô߹ٺ»ƺҲܡ
ȻھСͷ͵þ͸ͨСʿһ
ͼʲôأ
벻ףܾãһ˲ʲôܸͼıҦЩ飬ȴôҲ͸
ȻϲĵۣɻĵλʱҲûҡ
ĵֻһԸطЩݾҪˡ
ĵ۲ûЩͨϰգҲʲô
Ҧһ췴ܲΪЩհɣ
˵Ϊ˸߹ٺ»ɣڳСͷʵʵصԼĵʿ
ʵֵúܡ
Ѳɣ϶ֻǵҪ췴췴ûȤˣ
뵽ǲ΢΢һ顣
ֲɵӣַ˼Ĳ²⣿
ϧҲ²ֻƵصͷСۡ
ԭҲ̫Ҧͼɶȴ˸²⡣
Ҧܹͷ϶ʲôͨˡ
׼Ĳﲢʲô
Ҫģɣ
췴ʲôϵ
룬Ҧô췴϶Ҫеõʲôô
ֻϧʱ벻
ҲҦõĺôʲô
ֻһһˡ
ֵʯףһȥ
ʯ׺ܶ࣬˺һŵ˵ͷ
ʶһֻۣطСúܣء
㲻ϲҦֵҲãĵطƺЩ䲻Ҧݡ
ԣҦΪʲôҪֵط
ͼʲôأ
ֵʶһۣϧǲ²
̸ɴ˵Ƚȥ
ѵ˵ͷƳ۽յĵǣ̧ž߹ȥ
æסȻš
ܿ죬ľűһ죬һģСʿؿǣǡ
𵲵ЩԵһƿ˽ȥ
ͦСʿͲĶ֣Ƶ˼ˤ
ʱץסţûˤȥ
̼״ѿص˳һۣܣçײǵĿģ
˵ֶ꣬ǸСʿ˵ҹʦģ𣿡
СʿЩǣѺܰԵ̵̬ȻԶԳ˵ʦջãӦ棬ǵ˭
ȴûشֱߡ
̼״εҡҡͷϽ׷ȥ
ѳѽģɲóѴ˻
-

462 ϶û

СʿһѺͳ̶ˣʱĽ
Ǳ𴳰
һҪ׷ȥͻȻŻţֻȥ˴ţȻתȥ׷
ȻѺͳ̵Ĳ̫죬׷ˡ
һ·ɱ׷ȥʱ򣬳ѺͳѾҦķ䡣
Сʿ׷ſڣԥҪҪȥ洫ҦλүãȥЩ
Сʿһ͡⡱һɫŵòҰˡ
λү
⾩ﻹбү
˵үǻħͷɱ˶գ۾ģѹָոôš
ҿûҪȻĻѾ촦ˣ
Сʿ뵽ܣ̲ס˸¡
£뵽ҦĻϽӦһתˡ
̺ͳҦ
ֻҦϣһĪģ
ľҦϼ޻ӣÿƼˣҦ϶ûġ
ƫƫʲôѹͲ֪Ҧʲôġ
ԳһҦüͷȻ̬ŵ˵أʦѾ˵˱¶һ¡֪ǿзӰã
Ҧ⻰󣬲Щȡ
²ֿܶܣûвµȻβ
ԣ
ϲæ
϶Ǳ˸˵ʲô
뵽Ҧ̿һԵĳ̡
Ȼ˳ͽǿϣٴεѪ
ҦĬĬѹеĲȻɿɨ۳̺ͳѣͻȻ˵ƶѾ˵ˣֻϧƶδйҽҩԵһ£ʵ޲ߡ
ѿɲ˵⻰ģһŭˣ
Ȼ˵֣ͻȻҦ˵ƶûʲô÷ӡ
˵ȴ˹ӣó쳣
һ;Ҧ϶ǹģ̲ס׷ʣʲôѵзˣ
˭֪Ҧȴ˵ƶȷи취»Ҫ
̾ЩҦȻѻյ
һҦĻͲµҦ˵ʲô
˵ǵãʦƽƣƽƷޱߣֻҪϣͿԱˡ
Ѳصų̣ѹû뵽̾Ȼƽƣ
뵱ҦƽƵʱ򣬳̻ʲôƽƵġ
ھȻҦҪƽƣ
ô
Ѻʣ磬ҪǶʲô
͵͵ƳҦɫȻεؾ˳һۡ
ɵСӣûҦԱ𣿻ʲôʣ
ˣҲܵҦ˵
̺ܿ˾غʦƽƿܹƽģôϺ϶ϣ˵ܹ塣
Ѳ̫ţСã
ٴεһۣȻ˵˵𣿾ܱûǿ
룬ͻȻ˵Ҳû
æҦȥԵ˵ʦƽƣͶһһ顣
ҦǸȻģͻȻЦҪƽƣƶȻûвӦĵ
ƽȻԱƽλϵĶûʲôá
Ƚʶһλϡ
뵣ܹʳãȻܹȥ֮á
ϣ𾪵صɴ˫ۣͻȻµʲô͵س̿ȥ磬ϡóģ
֮ǰѾµҦҪ˵ȻϹһΣϧҦ˵˳
Щգĵ׸Ҧһʡ
ѵĻ˵ͷ󷽳ϵȷϣһţûʲô׺󣬾ͰһŴ˹ҪТĸ
ͷûͲˣʦ˵ϳܹ٣̫Щǿϰˣֲʲôҩ
һҲ̫ˡ
ô
Ϻô˵϶ûģ
ѱͲҦʱȻĻ
ЩҦе
ʵ磬ո˵ô£
̹׵С˾˵ҲˡʵָܹΪһλɡλҩС˾˿ûָôá
ѱΪνҦ˵˵ôһ˵˻ָòų˲ˡ
û취ųʵ̫˵ˣ
пͻȻһ뵽һ취
-

463 ˳

Ѽؿų̣С磬ո˵λɣѵλҽȻκþ˾˵ǲҲܵôϺɩӵ壿
һ£Щȵؿ
ˣɵĴܵܣξȻһأⶼ
ιϳһҦȻһ磡
Ȼ̫ϣ˵ⷬЩ
ҪȻȥ֮սûа취
ȻԴûʲôӡ󣬿ϾǳýȢҪĲˣҪӰ˳ѵã
תȻü˵»ȥ˵ʲôˣ
ѱѣĿġҦҪƽƵģôҦˣϺ꣡
ƵصҦһۣĿЩ衣
Ҧ״ֻε̾˿
ոչⷴһϧǱ̸Ūȥˡ
λԳ絹ĵúܣϧ̫ӡ
Ҧ뵽ĳ񣬲ͬ
ʱֿҦ˵֪ʦɷһƽƣ
Ҧ⻰˼
ۻûλʱд˺ܶ꣬˵ǿų̳ġ
ô᲻̶֪̬ȣ
˳һƽƣϵƽʧȴδҪ
񶼹ȥôˣͻȻ
ͷ⣡
ѵǳ̿еɣ
ˣȷпܡ
Ҳô
һƽƿͨͨˣͨǿССƽƣƳܶණ
ҪƽƣȻΪʦȴܲ
ǣøʲôƽƣ
ͨƽƣôͬһͻ֪
ʱ𴩣Ȼ
ƽƣ϶ø涫
Ҫʲôģ
Ҧ˼ȥóõƽơ
ڻλɵĵϸԷȻܹóϣȻЩġ
Ҫôãͷʲô
Ҫôʵ֮ϡ
һֵύ
ֻȰѶԷˣܽһ
Ǹƽ̫Էһ۾Ƴ˵Ϊʵ̫ͣмύ
ôһ룬ҦͲ׾ˡ
ЦЦλүƶвĵλүԵȣƶȥƽȡ
˵˽ȥ
ۣӵؿȥıӰ
ѿһЩ棺磬ƽ𣿲ľͷӰˡ
ղŲ˵𣿾ܱûкáοǹʦƽơ
ѵˣϾɥǹʦ͵ƽƣû뿪ǡ
ƲƲ죬ǲνƽã̶ô˵ˣҲٷ
ˣһľͷӶѣûʲôġ
λɡ
Ҫ˵ܹκôȻ˵ܿжˣ
ĬĬ£ţ̲סɵЦ
̣׳˭ʶԲǱĵܵܣ
һҦ˻
СУЦǺǵصݸ˳̺ͳѣλүҪƽƣƶѾǿ˹⡣
ѽӹУֱӴˣͷƽƣƲƲ졣
ȻͷľͷظУǿۡ
ҪǳҪ˵ҪԣϡҪ
Ҳ˿ԼǿƽƣĿ΢΢һ
һֱΪҦƽƾǺŪ˵ģûʲôô
ȻʱźƽƣȻ֣ССľͷӾȻЩ
Ѳɣһֱˣ
ûľͷϵϢν
ҦȻ򵥣
뵽ͷȻںܺ棬ҦʲôĿģ
ΪҪ췴λ
ôʲôô
̲סսȲҪ
ңҪսҦҪƽƣᷢƽƵ֮
һΪҦƽƺô
ս
ǲҲµʲôԲŻô
ˣҦȻܹϵ˵˲򵥣
սôһŮˣῴ
̫Դ󣬻Ȣս
̰һʹסˡ
ϸҦǣϳ׼뿪
ҦͻȻ˵Ǽλɣƶתһ䣬ƶϣ̸ܹ۵
̾ؿһۣüͷܵ˵´ˣһʦת档
-

464 ë

˵ûҦ˵ʲôʹ߳˵ۡ
Ѹæȥ
رλɣֻǵҦ治öʡ
Գ˵ۺܿȲʵ磬Ǹո˵ô£
俴һۣȻȴҲս
ֻ˵ǰѾ˵С˾˵λκõġ
Ѳ̫⣬֪ʵֲ
ܿʵأλɳʲô
ȴٶ˵ﲻ˵ĵطȥ˵
ʮ־Ҧ˵
Ȼ뿪˵ۣҦȻܹóƽҲЩ˵ʲô
̫ˣ˵ʲô˵Ҧ
÷ŵ㣡
ô˵ֻĬĬ졣
û뵽ôֻ࣬Щ³磬ɫ̫ãﻹҼȥ
һ˳̣дô죿
ᱻģ
뵽ϴдľͻȻûʹ
Իȥ·ϣʵ
˿첽ɽ£˳
ȥ
Ѳҷʵʵظ
ȥ֮󣬳ͻȻ˵ѾЩûдˣдһи
һ⻰ͼˣ磬ڿˣһ㶼ûиģң
Ҫĸдˣܺ
һ⻰ͳɫд裬ô֪ǲѣȥ·Ȼд衣
˲޵ĳ嶯˭˭
ʵˣȻҪ۸
̼ǲԸ˵ǽˣһ
⻰һոջɥĳ˲۾˷ܵʣô˼أҸ磬ôƷѣʲôҪ̫صĻ֮ܵ
̿ǸԲԵĴӣ;ö
˵ϴ赤˵𣿡
ʲʲôϴϴ赤𾪵ӶԲˣ磬㡭òڶҰɣϴ赤òȡɣ
⻰ɫ˲ˣǲҪǾˣ
Ѽ˼ͻˡ
ų̣еϴ赤ģ뵽ϵļغĴ˵ֲ̫š
һֱϴ赤ⶫģѹͲⶫڣǰ˱ġ
ɳ̵ӣֲ˵ѡ
ѵϴ赤
²ġ
òǱ˸ƭ˰ɣ
ʲôɵģžƭӡ
ԣС˾˵ȷʵκˣλɣӦòƭӰɣ
ѵ˵ɻ˶ϴ赤
뵽ܣѾ˷ܻˣĿƵؿų̣۰Ͱ͵ʣ磬˵ϴ赤ҲλɸģԹûаǴ˵еϴ赤
УҪ͸
ģ֪Ȼ׸磡
ԽԽ˷ܣɵЦóѡ
˵ǲţԲҪⶫ֮ףҲࡣ
Ѷʱˣ𰡣ǧı⣡ҡ̫Ҫˣǿֵܣ
̲мЦһǣȥ·
̱ʾȥ·
ʱͻȻ˵ƽȷţ㲻ôȥˣȸš
ѲֱӰѽн˳̣ȻȲȥ·ˡ
õк󣬶һԵ˵ȥŽ·˵£ȥ
ȭͷȴһƬȣүո˵ϴ赤ļٵģѵүд˵еϴ赤

ֱӴŽȥս
ҵսʱ򣬾Ϳս鷿ñдʲô
Ȼеıȴʮ֣ëʣȻһ֧ëдֵıʼȻǽɫģǽ
̲̿ס˹ȥؿսеıʡ
һʵʲôʣ
սһдһ˵ǶëʣöëͽģʼȽӲ
ʵëʣֱӽëëܼΪʼ⡣
սôǸõôίԼ
ֱý˱ʼ⣬ʼ滹һʹܣڶëë档
ۣʳá
ԴǦʳֺѾ˲ƫӲֽţʺǦд
ԼиֽԸֽĹһӲֽ
ս֮󣬾Ǧдֻ̫鷳Щ˶ëʳ
ڻûװīˮĽܣԸֱʻٵȵȡ
Ƕëʿš
˵սͻȻʲôеĽпȥ
-

465 սĲ²

սųеĽУЩü
ҦƽƲǷ̶˳οս
óȥҦҪƽƵʱ򣬾ѾµҦ϶ܾ
ϾɣҦǾܾδ˵ȥ
ûƽƻʲôӣս޷Ԥˡ
дЩط֣δĶȻܲ򵥡
̼ɫͰѽзϣҦƽƣɿʲôˣûʲôף
ûʲôףսһ˵һ˽У򿪡
װһɫľƣľ
սľϸ鿴һǾľľϵϢӦûһ׻ľ
˼ˡ
ľĻ㲻رѵá
ϾҦݣŪһľǺܼ򵥵ġ
ؼǣľͷȻ׻ľͺѵˡ
ѵõǣľͷӦò̡
ҦǹʦľͷҲܵõġ
ƽֲҦõһľͷƽƾͶˡ
սôһ룬Ͳ̫жϣҦﵽжٿƽˡ
˼ȻǸϺ꣬ƿԼĵƣ
սִ򿪵ڶУͷһͬƽƣʳ̣̣ɼǵϴεõǿƽʲôģ
ͻˡ
ȻһʼƽƣɺҦȻֽ䱸
ԶҦͳƽƣҲ⡣
Ź˽ڣӳõƽƣսæ顣
ϳһҦҪƽƣǾöһ˱Ƚϱհˡ
ɲ뺦˳ѡ
Ҧģƽ⣬Σˣ
ԵõƽƣƽƲ̫Ծ󣬾Ŭյƽơ
ΪʱѾȥ˺ü꣬ǿƽֲأԼǵòǺ
̻Լĸо
սһʣ˵ȻǵòǺεƽӦҪȵĺϲ١
˶٣˵ǵãҦ˸һƽƣʱȻڹŪ飬ȴǿ۸ʵǿƽƣԼǵãǿӿͦεƽƣƺҪȸõһ黹ҪԺһЩ
սô˵˲˲²⡣
Ҧֲɵ͸̺ͳѵĶܱ͸۵ĻҪá
ǣʵƽҪȹȥĺ˲١
ȻҲпŵõ׻ľƽҲˡ
սʵ㿴ƽʲôľͷģ
ʶƳһۣ϶˵Ӧľ
ս˵ͷ
ûרоľģ֮ǰǺȷǲľ
ö٣Ӧϵľ
ȻҲ˵ľǾͲд
ʵ˵ʦʲôʱõľ
ҡҡͷǲ˵˲һ顣
šս˵ȻڻǺȷһ֮ˣøӦöкô
⻰ɫ˲ò̫ÿ
һֱܽ䱸ҦΪ㲻˵Ŀġ
˻ϣʲô飬Ŀڡ
ΨҦֵúܣ»ɫȨƺϲ
ˣƫƫƶˣϼ޻β裿
ҲǾҦ͸ԲŻ䱸
Ҧʲô֮ˣ췴ʲôô
벻ȴܵظеϲ
ͻҦսĲ²⣬ҪҦͨУԽǸ
췴սϣ˲֪ˡ
ȻҲɱܶˣȴҲ֪˲ʲô¡
һ뵽սУ;쳣¡
ģҦ̫ˡ
սɫѿЩ嶯˵Ҳ̫ģҦȻˣڳСͷӦƲŶԡ
˵꣬Ҧ͵ƽơ
ȻܾҦƽϵϢʮƽ͡
ԣҦӦòֿԹɱħ޸аޡ
ֻǲ֪ôġ
췴еʲôô
սһʱ²˳˼
ʱͷͻȻ˵ǳҪҳ̡
ѳѺȥ·󣬾͹ˡ
Ƕս˵ȳȥһ
սûȥȥˣͰ鷿ŷ
Ȼƽƽ˿ռ䡣
ƽϵϢЩϤ̫ȷ֤һ¡
-

466 ϤϢ

սһռ䣬ͿһӰӵ㳯˹
͵Աһ㣬ȻޱؿǵӰ˸գһͷԽ˵
һ
ΪԵʣȽϾӨͦƯġ
ϧΪٶ̫죬Խ˵Ư˧ͷ
ʱ䣬Ӳˡ
սؿһĻ
ֻ͵һȻֻǰצŵ棬Դ˳
ޣСͣ˦Դ
һսŵʵʲôûӹ𣿡
ϧģװͰ͵ģҲֻ˾ס
սһ۾Ϳϴ
ͷһ˾Ϊǡ
ϴΪš
ǵһǵģƢҲ
ÿοսװͰ͵ġ
սɲ
ؿϴ󣬻˰ո˵ʲôû˵һ顣
ϴ⸱̬ٴνӲˣʲô̫õļ䡣
תתսеƽƲţʵôⶫ
սۣϴʣô˵ʶ
ϴ˵ͷʶʲôϢеϤ
սЦǾϤܹİɣ
ϴʼǺŵģԴӱκ󣬾ͱʵ˲١
ƽʱռʱ򣬾ϴ󣬶Զ
صܵǰ
϶ǸӦƽơ
ԣ֮ǰĸоȻǶԵġ
ǰ;ƽϵϢЩϤȴֲ̫ȷ
ΪϢ̫Ʈˣ޵ģ˲
ϤҲʮģҪܺã»ӵ
ϴ⻰˲϶еĲ²⡣
ңϤôˡ
ƽǹ޵ϢϢƣ
ϵϢҪƽϵϢŨˡ
սתܿ˲²⡣
ã֪Ҧʲôˡ
ĻͲҦΪʲôʮ꣬ˡ
ǵãҦʼϵ˲ۣӣʵۡ
ƺҦҲġ
Ҧ˶Σ˻Ƿۡ
һֱ췴λ
ò˵Ҧ۹ĺá
ô෪ͷҲ۵ҰͬʱҲʵ
˵췴ɹ˾͸Ӳˡ
ԾһֱûӦҦҲ׼ûлˡ
ȵ췴ɹĿģȻҪѡˡ
Ĳ²ǶԵģҦͲˡ
Ȼ֮ˣʹʵ
У
Ҧ̫ʦ˵Ҳһֱ֧̫ӳ񣬲ó̺ͳѡ
ԽҪȻͳλ
ۿɲ֮ǰĻĵۣͬİ취Ρ
ҦҲܶ¶֡
ŻʵڳСͷ
Ĳ²ǶԵģҦûʲôµġ
ҪӦǴ֮ϤǵϢӦþνĹˡ
̫ӣҦ֧
Ҫǳ̵ƸҦ˳Ҫ֧֡
ȻĻֺαؿۣ
ȥ˳ĻĵЧ
ΪǿϣҦڶ˳̣ͳƽӦڼɵ̿еɡ
ԣ˿϶
ȻˣǾˡ
ս뵽ʹȥ
ڻǰ죬һ̻ȴ鷿Ǿˡ
˭֪ҪߣϴͻȻ˵ιʲôܸܲҿ
սƳһۣĿƵؿƽƣƺҪӣƽƳ˿ռ䡣
ռǾҲǾ򽻵ˣ᲻֪ʲô
ģǲˣҪİƽƸҪˡ
ⶫȻҦģɴͷϢȷбá
Ǻö
ϴ̣ˣ
˲ص鷿ϴô룬ùء
ռϴս˲ʧԭأֱըˣӻ
սʲôҲûص鷿û˿
ȻֿƽƣǷŻ˺
ȻǺöǾͲ˷ˡ
Եȳ̻ʱսֱӰƽƸⶫŰɣࡣ
ܾͻȻ뵽ʲôæﻹ˵һģȻ
-

467 ȻҪάԼϱ

սƽƣ˼һǾӦðѲ²
͸˵ԼҦĲ²⡣
֮ɫԽԽѿ
ȷսĲ²⵽׶Բԣֻ뵽ҦΪģܿʲô֮ˣ;̫аԣҲԽ䱸
λʣｭɽϳҵġ
սĲ²⣬ҦҪԺ϶Ҫ֮˭֪ʲô
ܲ裿
ϧЩսĲ²⣬֪Բԡ
οǶԵģҲû˵ȥ
߸ʿ϶ǲеģȻ䱸ҦȴҲΡ
ϾҦʮָ꣬ʵλ
ôĹͺڣֻҪҦԼʾͲܶ
˵λɣڶ翵ġ
ֲǻӹ޵ɵӣỳҦ翵ɣ
Ҫȥ߸ʣ¸ʲĻʮʧ
ԣֻš
ҦȽ䱸Űɡ
ﶦʢҦҪϴλҲǼ׵顣
ʱ̫ż
ֻǲ֪ʿɻͬ⻥е¡
Ѿ۵ȥʸôãЩĶģֻǻǣŲ
ͷϢ֮󣬸ʾټ˰Ԫڵļλس
⻥һ¡
ԪǸֻҪ֪£϶ǳĶ˵Ȱ˵ͬ⡣
£ֻҪϢˡ
ˣдϵ塣
뵽Ͷս˵Ǵ˸¶ж𣿡
ս飬ôҲû뵽ͻȻ£ͷ͵
ؿ˳һۣʣôͻȻ
⻰˲²⣺ûжǲǣʱӦѾʦɣж
ʵͻսж£ֻһֱû֤ݡ
֮ǰæűģҵʳˡ
սƶͲµ϶֪ˡ
ʱ򣬼ȥѾû˱Ҫ
ƭ˵Լиʦˣó̸ҩ̳ǸɵӣŻ˶
սͳҵȽζԣ;òԾ
ΪȷеĲ²⣬ҳ˳ζȻͷ˼ҩ
ֻǵʱҲſҽûãҲ֪ʦ£±˵ץ
ԲŶ˶ҲýִĻ֮˼¶֣ʤ
ⷬ˵ǣЦֹɣһִ󣬱͸֪ض᳹顣
ǶԷβͲɾ˵ܽ˲㵹Ǵһֿ͸鷳
սЦЦƳһۣүڹҲðֿ
šү֣ʱЩ̶
òײŸս׽Щ˳ƺոһ٩Ȼָ˻ȥ
һܿ˵ҵȻûй˼ǼĺܺáЩ棬ǹô֪Ҳ˶
սԳƣﵹͦá
ЦŽ͵ֻǲ²ѡĻ֮Ϊ˶Ը㣬ϧô޹Ů㱳Ͽ֮
ߵôܱȫȻûп֮ǳɻҲЩˣȴһϢҲûС
⣬Ǿط⡣Ļ֮˶˸¶Ź
Ҿһ˵¶ˣɾǷһ飬ֵܰø󣬺ֶΪأ
ʱʽ汻˶Σ
ֻҪ룬ʱԻһϱ
ȻͲһˡ
Ѿǽ޸ѵʱֶ̡
ëҪˣҲϾͻ
һҵ滹ҪҪˣ
ֻаѽһˮø۲Żӡ
ܳûȫԼ
ͷȻýɣҴ£̫ҽܾΪȻ壬˵ܹأ
ôԴȻҲкôġ
Ͳ³սЩƣûʲô
Ȼֲ죬ѲɻΪ˴Ȼսô
ֲɵӣȻҪάԼϱ
뵽ѣʵ̫ҽһֱڵϵ壬ûʲôգа취
Ͼޣϲܹã컳ϺӣҲǼϲ¡
ս
Ȼа취Ȼ壬ֻҪĻ͵
ڡѧҽʱɲǰ̫ҽû취ҪǰѴȻˣǴô
-

468 

սһôȻҪǻУҲǼ¡
ڵ̫Сˣɻû׼ҪԲ
о͸ңԶˡ
ڲҪ檣Ҳ֪ʲôʱкӡ
ܲý𽻹С۶רǰۺŻʺĳ谮
ʷϵļأ̫ӳλܹ֮ȵǿǸϻ۵Ķӡ
ϧǶӴǴˣȴǸʵʵİ۶ǡ
˼ʮ̫ӣúúõģƫƫϻʵ۲һͻȻˡ
˵ûʱǶӾԤеˡ
Ҫ˵¸ûϵ˭Ű
˶ʮ̫ӣҲ˶ʮ̫
͵÷ˣԸⲽϳĺ󳾣ٵʮ̫ӣһٵʵۡ
ڳûãǱҲûϢ
ҪһֱȥȳĶǧ谮һ
ԣǵôȻ壬¶ӱȽϺá
ʱĶ裬ۺŻʺٰĿⶼС۶ϣ
šѧҽûã¿϶档
ҸᣬȻѸҩƵλʦϡ
뵽ս˵ɣ´ʦҾ͸˵˵ûа취
һϣȫ˵ѵӡ
һۣ˵ͷҲã¾ͷˣǴϵܵãһͷݴ񡣡
˵ģҼˡ
սЦе˵ţͻȻ
˵ˣʦ֪˺ܶأҪũ󣬾һЩӣȥ֡
ӣ̾ȵؿսʲôӣ
սһãȻҲģֵֹģδҪ𣿡
̵˵ͷҿ
սһӣ׼õ˳
Ȼûóȫӣֻһӳͷװӵ
̺ؿͻȻֵĺӣѾǬʱٴοǾ쳣档
ս򿪺ӣˣ㿴ûʶģ
̿
ֻ˺üСӣÿﶼһֵĶ
нɫĿҲɫ򾥡
ϸеӣȴǾȵط֣Ȼûһʶġ
Щӣ̲ؿŸ򾥣Ҳӣ֪ô𣿡
սָͷѿǺѾѿˣũʣӦ֪ôְɣ
ȻҲֹأǾӡ
ʵϣֵʲôĻǲôó
ʱЩİӣҲ벻Ǹʲôõģܲܳԡ
˵ҲգȻʦ㣬ͽȥְɡ
˵ʵʦӣˣ
ս̺ߵҪЩʦ˵ЩֻʣµԺٸҡ
ô˵ͲˣҲá
սȥʲôã
սûʣ̲ס͵Ц
óĿǴɱֻ̫ٵĻҪܳʱ磬Ҫƹɲס
Ҫ뾡콫Щƹ㿪ĻóӾͲ̫ˡ
սһЩ
ֵؿɲһһϦ飬ȥҪջ˵ĸ¡
еһֻһеĿ
Ҫó̫٣ߣһջӣ
ҪƹȫǵöӲŹ
ɲ˷ôʱ䡣
Щӵ£ɲھ͸̡߳
Ҫó֪óľǱͷصĶ֮ô룿
Ҳ˵Ųţˣһȥֻۣô룿
Ǳͷɲֹдӣд޴Ļ
ʱдЩĿľĶƽķչ
Ҫ۵֪ǸʦóĶ֮ҪóЩ޴Ļأ
ǿɾ鷳ˡ
սû˵
ջˣٸһϲ
ȥջôҲðʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ܹ̫ˡ
ңЩǴӿռͷóģȥ֮ЧΣڻ
˭֪ʱܴܲﵽĶĳ̶ȣ
ǱͷûĶ֮ʲôģ
ԺȥЩӲܸߣҲûȷ
ֻỳɰˡ
ս͵͵̣ɫѾ磬͸ȥš
֮ǰȥѳ˳ȥ
ս֪ǣԭƤ䷹ģϸȴϴӦ
һѳѸӳ
ֻƵشǿƽƻ˽
ڴȻʮͻݣصʱ򣬴ȻѾ׼˷ʢķˡ
-

469 

ѳŴȻ׼ķˣЩ
ʱǸ̵д裬ֱʰһ٣˶̫󣬶Ͷˡ
ƫƫ̻С÷ҪŶܻ
ܳһڱˡ
ǴϺã֪
ֻϧ˶Ҳ֪ʲôʱܵãίˡ
뵽۵ؿ˴һۣο˵ģһҽ壬Ϊµӡ
Ȼ⻰˲ߺﰵ˿
Դӵ֪Լ͵͵˶һֱĵûȵʱ򡣾ΣĳҪһ
˳⻰ܷЩ
˵⻰δ׼ܹ˼ĸˡ
ˣʲôأ
ҪܰãһŮͳײˡ
Ȼĵ̾ȴұ¶ֻʵүǵʲôϢ
ѵ˵ĸҽ
һ̻ʵسŷˣһߵ˵ͷͷİɣʵһλɣ˵ı¿ǴúܣС˾˵κõģ
Ѿ˵ˣ˵λڲڣ´Ǽһʣûкʵҩ
԰ͱˣǾ͵ȶǱߵĺϢˡ
Ȼԭûʲôϣ⻰ɵۡ
òָϢѾ˵ˡ
ȴ֪¾Ȼйء
ңɣ

ҲǣҲ˶ʲô
϶ҪΪġ
ҽ϶ᾡĵ塣ֻҪܹϣʹˡ
뵽Ȼ̲סʣүĴ𣿡
δĳ࣬˶ûֻ˵ˣò٣ʮֿ¡
˵˺ܶҽΪβһֱûʲôϢ
˵ƺԽԽˡ
˭֪ڽ죬ͻȻʹϢ˵ǳòָˡ
Ҳ֪Ǽ١
ȻѶô˵ˣ¿϶üˡ
ǲ֪òָʲô̶ˡ
Ȼų̲סųŰ׻
Щ˵ûС˾˵ˣž˺üꡣ
õҩɸģϧȫùˣ˵͵
˵̺ˣǿŶӡûУž͸ʮƵġ
Ȼ⻰;ˡ
ոջţͷ˵ָˣӦ̫ˡ
˭֪Ȼһ㶼ţ
ȴָøã
ҲǶʮü˰ɣ
Ȼɣ
ǳҲ̫ˣ
ô˵λҲ̫˲ˡ
Ȼ֮ɫү˵ģ檻δ˵ôҩ
ѵ˵ͷظпû˵أԲ˵ɰҩͨеģ
ϧҩȫС˾ˣС˾ȫùˣһûʣġھҪҲûȥȥá
˵ֵЦѾ˵ˣ´ҪǵҩһҪһݣ
ҲһЩ̺أ̫ˡ
ҪܹˣǶð
Ȼô˵ЩĶ
ҪҩԺͲˡ
ֿ˳һۣԵ̻ʵģûû
ʵǶˣ̻ʵسûãϵĲ˾ۿɼٶʧ
ûþͱˡ
ѳ˺ü뷹ְѲ˶Թˣžûˡ
ӣ̾˿ȻԹǶүˣֶ磬߯СˣȻ÷
ȻεҡҡͷȴûҶ˵
֪Ѹ̹ϵãѿԱԹ̣ȴҶ˵һ֡
Ͷҡ
ȻҪ˳ѣԺӻô
ȴ룬ѸпһͻȻһɫӣȥǹʦģԱƽ
Ȼˡ
ʦƽƣ
˵ٹڹʦ¼ȴ֪λʦȻʲôƽƣ
͸
ȻǿҵĻϲĿһӾͱóƽעŵʣ⡭ƽǹʦģ
ʦصظƽʲô˼
ѵƽƣôˣ
ڴȻӺ˼ʱ򣬳ͻȻ˵ưֵģǿľͷʲôø˵ġҪǶ˵Ǻöȥˡ
Ȼ⻰ƽƸˣŵøϽƽơ
ѿǸСģʱˣ˵ֻǿľͷˣ㻹ɱ
-

470 µ־

ȻرǿƽƣѵĻ̲ѵ̫á
λʦĲȻܿµ˳ѵ˼
˵˵ֻҪүģǱ
ѱЩôҦ͵ľͷӣô˵ʱЩ˼
ȣĶˣҪϲԺͣ˰ɣ
˵ߣոճԵе࣬ȥߡ
ȻǸ·Ķӵӣ̲סЦˡ

սͳҲš
ɢʳ˾˯ˡ
Ȼ˯㣬ȴкܶ˯š
òָѾǣﶼڵ¡
ų׸ųԣ̳ľλȴһֱЧһĵۣ췴ʱ򣬻Χˡ
ȵλĴ֪
ۿŻʺûҪȴҲûùǰȦ˸ͷƽʱ
ϴγ̴飬ųһء
ųòָʱųԻڹ
ֱﶼˣź֪˵¡
ųһϢ;òܣ׳ȥۡ
ȻûͷѾ˷ļ⵶˵ʲôʱ⵶Ҫ
˵Ϣȴû취ȥֻ֤˼롣
ﻹ˯ţ
Ϊ״磬ųµʱǼġ
ǳųʱ˵жء
ų벻ףص˰̣Ͳָܻ
ͷôᴫԣ
׳ʲô飿
Ϊ£ųֱʧˡ

Ҳʧˡ
ʹϣ˶䣬խZ԰ϴ
խZǴӳ֪սóģһֱĵ
۵Ķ䣬Ͻϻ˳ŴϢ
ſխZϾɵۣ֪սģֱȥ׸֮һĸǲӺ
̫ˣ
ļڣսǴϣ
ô֪ԼҹŮı£
ϧսסóȻȥѯʣֻܱͷ
Դӵϣ̲ס˼룬Ȼ˯ˡ
ͬ˯ŵˣкܶࡣ
±Ƚأ֪˲ࡣ
ϾڣҪǳϣǾˡ
ټ۵Ȼȥ֪
ǸܣĿ־Ͳһˡ
־ϵĲͼһĹ־
˵֮󣬷׷ܵ״Ԫ¥¶
־ӡˢٶϲٶ
״Ԫ¥ĹǼæýŲմˡ
鷻Ҳæ
Ŀ־ϵĲͼ˽ֵ־ûɵӣܿͿͷĲͼǻȥģȻӡˢģ
δţ
Ϣ֮󣬾Ǹ鷻ķܲŷ
ǸյϢȥ״Ԫ¥־鿴ͷĲͼҪоͼӡˢܡ
ҵĹҲо
ϣܶ˶ʧˡ
ٹ᲻˯һ۾ˡ
ڶսùź󣬾ɰϢ
֪ܶ˶оͼӡˢս⡣
νг
ͼӡˢǰûֹȻȥо
Ҫ֪ʱĹλǱȽϵ͵ģҲû̫Ǯơ
Դֻͷɻڿ˼㴴µġ
ǸպҪˡ
Ҫ㴴£ڵĺķѿɲСûǮ֧ţܹ
ͷоװӡɹҲ˷˺ܶԭϺ󣬲оеľϡ
ǰûڲͼӡˢڿˡĿ־ȻĶˡ
׬Ǯ£ܵأ
ս벻˵ооɣҲǼ¡
ôˣо
ɲǼô
ɰͲµ⣬濴˻ﻹЩ𶯡
ؿսһֽۣ˵ܹ˵ˣ¥Ѿ˺ܶࡶĿ־Ķʱûʱ׼ڵ־
ܹ¾ã־ʱܲܵһʱЩˡ־ȻǡĿͷ¾͵þϸѡУܴˡ
ս˵ͷܹ˵еǾ͸ĳ¿ɣһ³һܹٶЩ֣һµ־
ɰЩȡ
Ŀ־ŸոտҪ־ˣ
ֻʵδʲô־
ս룺ͽС컯ˡȥרִһЩʵרϵЩߣµ־ǹЩרġ
-

471 

ɰսĻ;ˣ־ʱ򣿻᲻̫ˣĿ־ѾӦٰ־Ҫ֡
ս˵޷ֲͶЩ˾ˡÿοƾ٣ܹվЩģҪһݹڡ
µ־ĿͬԱ༭ҪûôߣҪ̫õĲɣҲҪ̫õĲɣ
ҲڿĿĻ֮ͻȻʶ⡶Ŀ־Щ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪ܹǲҲʶ㣬Żʱ䡣
ԭһܳһڣɵ׻ǵ͹⡶Ŀ־Ӱ
˳ˮ۵ذʱˡ
һ³һڣû̧̧⡶Ŀ־ۡ
ϡΪôȻǡĿǾͲ̫ˡ
ãѾͷ
Ŀ־ϵݱȽеŪġ
ǮƲ٣ȴûзԱ
רר˾Ƴ֮˵ȷӰ˲ˣϧער˾˻̫Щ
Щֵ̼ǻ飬֪˶ר˾ѡЩͼר
˼ڷͷ˻ǲࡣ
ͨϰնҲôע
־ݶֳɵġ
־ݾר˾Щר
ֻҪһЩרļֵ֪ˣܲأ
Ҳ˶ר˾Ǳߣû£Щ˲ŻоԺ
˵ܶ࿪ЩƷ
Ȼʶ٣ŪĶ̫̫࣬ˡǵöЩˣֵһ¡
ս뵽ƽܼңһ񣬾˶ר˾Ǳߣѡʵ˲
˵£϶ûһʱ
սҲָ̾ܳȰȥžˡ
ֻҪˣͿ԰оԺ
Ҳɰ񣬾ȥ֪ܹͨ£־
ɰûҵ飬ȥ״Ԫ¥˼ܹ˵ˡ
ܹæýŲմأ˵սҪ־һ˲˿ϡ
״Ԫ¥ܿ˰֣רŸĿ־Щ
ֱ۰ŵġ
һ۾ͿĿ־Ҫҷų
־һԺʿеĵλǲڰ¹Ժ
¹Ժ̫ߣ۾㲻ҲҶʲô
ò׿һ˿ϣ÷֣
οھбͼʿӵ֧֣λ
۲òδȻ
ܹͷգ˰ֺ˵ͷ֣ѡĿ־˶Է
Լ˺ʵѡʼﱸ컯־
״Ԫ¥ֻ̫٣öһЩ˲С
⡶컯־ﱸĵһͳˡ
Ϣǰȥ˵ǲ١
ս˵ģľô࣬ɬҪҹ׬Ǯġ
սȥ󣬾û̫ע
ɰæýŲմأͷܣκνչս㱨
ڶ״Ԫ¥ע״Ԫ¥ж͵Ϣ
˵״Ԫ¥Ҫ־۾̲סҡͷ̫ˡ
⡶Ŀ־Űһڣ˵òǾ˵ͷܶ඼ЩͼĹ͡
˭֪ڻٱ
ʱȴ򣬾Ȼæųﱸ־Ҳ̫ˡ
ҡҡͷ󣬾˼״Ԫ¥Ǳߣ²ôעˡ
ԡĿǳ⣬־ȴûôϡ
Դר˾ͷ˶Ǵԭͷȥġ
ÿʲôµר㱨
ܶνר漼ɣѵǴ֮á
ֵû̫˼
״Ԫ¥־˵ǹЩרģ۾ûҪ̫⡣
ϵЩרߣҲ֪ˡ
ûôϡ
ֻǰѳ̽нﾯһĪҪЩ漼֮ֲˡ
״Ԫ¥ЩСڸ⻥С
˼λس飬һǾÿԡ
ֻѡˡ
׸˭ȥأ
͢ͱѾܾûлйͻȻ裬˭Ҳ֪Ρ
ζ̫䣬ߵӷǳù
ȥ̫ʧܾͰˣ˵͢
۸λسһְӽ˹ȥһ
ѻǵһ˵£һûкʵѡֵëԼˣʣöȥɡЩӴ϶ܰ°ã
Ƴһֿۣ̫ӳ̡
ԥһ˲̫ӣ̫ӣ޿ɫ̫Ծʲô˵𣿡
Ȼʵϣʧġ
-

472 ۵˼

۶ԳԽԽʧˡ
벻׳񵽵ëǰŻãôԽˡ
˵ڣʲôҪ˵ֱ˵ˣǸֹģ˭أ
ʲôֱ˵
ôͲܸ϶úѧѧ
ǰ׳ôĿͷһ㵨ûС
Ѳɣ˵˻𷣣
ô
ǿ׸ӣ̫Ӿô
ԽԽȴ֪̫ӳʱҲǷǳ
ǰʱԼŵġ
㱻Ϊ̫ӺһֱҲԼܹ̫ӡ
̻мɵȴδɹԼ͡
ֱӡ
̽飬ȴһֱûʲôɹ
żˣ̲סԼ
εĻǳġ
̵౾Ȼó̫쿪˽ﻹ̲ס̿֡
ɱ˲Ѫƣ̵ôģ
ǰģ
һζԼĻ̫ܵô
ȥ̻᲻̫֮λȥ
۵Ļһ̲סëԼ
Ȼ뵽ԼݣͲҿڡ
̫ӣ̫У˵롣
ֻ˵ʣã⻥һ£Ӧɻ죬Ƚס
䣬ѾͲˣ̫⻰Ͳˣ񴺸ڼΪܻȻҪȫලСʧ󣬹˴ʧˣ
̫ӳ񣬳ֺƤ˵ʣ¾ͽɣЩӺ̻ҪǸģ̿ǣ
ƳһۣͻȻ̿ȥ϶˵أ˭ȥʣ
һֱɫվţ۹۱ǱǹģƵġ
۵ʻվ˳ëԼʣ⻥֮¼ȻǶģԸȫ¡
⻰ɫͻȻ˳ǲ̫ˣ˼ǣҪȥ
̣ǡ
۵ɫˣҪǰأ
ɫģûев֮⣬һ̹Ȼ˵ǰ˲£Ե췣
Ŀؿų̣һֱ˵
Ҳڣôֱͦͦվš
еսѹ
˭Ҳҿڡ
ڳسкüλȻ˭ҲҲ͵ۺͳҸͷ
ֻۿɫ˶ʼĵ͵͵²۵ʲô˼
ô£
ѵǶˣ
˲Լͬس̫ӿȥ
Ȼ̫Ӵʱûоøˣڽżˣѹ͹˲ֻ
ǳѿȥ͵͵䵽˳̱ϣִ˴Сѵ磬Ͻʷ
ȴûڣ͸ûһ
ѶʱˣϿڣ˵
˭֪ͻȻ˵ãȻ㶼ô˵ˣ¾ͽȥ졣ǰˣ޿ɲ㡣
ѣ
̫ӣ
λ󳼣
˶Щ±ƣµʲô˼ȥ죬ǲ밡
ôе㿴ء
ɫҲ̫ѿˣѵ˵ڶҪѹһѵˣ
ô룬ڳļλȴ˲
̿۵ĵ׶ӣҪ۶ӶΣĴѹЩأ
ǸΣգ
ϣ˵ķӦЦߣһȺ˶첻úð֪޵˼޵˼ܲµ
ʱĿֱø
ӣЩ̫ȷô졣
ԭΪ˶֪ᵶɱˣ̫ݣʺǸλӡ
СӵãȢϱ󣬾ȻһһϢˡ
Ƿ۵дã˵Сӿ϶ûôõĲɣ˴˱ʵġ
ĲɲҪҪͷ˼
Ҫͷ˵Щܰˣ˵ϱıս֮
ԣͿСܲܰɰɡ
뵽ٴοЩ˼ĳӡ
Цõ⡣
ߣϹ£²˰ɣ޸ովǹģ
ۿһ;û˼ˣǻ˻֣˶˳ȥ
ʵظų뿪ȥųߡ
ӵĻҪ˵Щɲˡ
˵ܵܵ뿪Щζ
ֵܣ˾֪ﻹû׸ˣ
Ҳĵĺðɣ
ոոʵɫôѿ˭֪ôģ
ѲɣĶԶ
Ƕȥ߹أܰѻеĲ°
⻥Ӱ켫ҪǰˣܵøͣǱ߹ЩͰգҲҪܵĺá
-

473 

ųԶ󣬲ؿ̾˿ոˡ
˵̣磬ոôͲʷأûɫôǸһˣǶ಻ֵ
⻰΢΢һȴʲôҲû˵
ʵµ۲⻰˵
Ҫˣ۶ͷǼҲҪˡ
ֻ˵ҲˣѵеҪǿɲС¡Ҫ̫ҪֺαؽץŲţ
Ҳǵͷ˺Ū£Ūɳ׾ˣǰ
ǲЩӣڼȻҪУǾͲܸǶŸɡ
̼Ƕƣ⻥вҲô
͢Ͼ̼֣ǰӡ
ôѹҲôѹܱܲǣΪ͢ˣŻǻС
£治Ľȥ
Ȼ֪ҪǸոտ챻ˣѻЩ£˵꿴˿ңѹøЩ磬˵ǲˣ⻥УҪȥ
̰һۣ¾״ˣѵܲȥ
ѰƲ죬Ǹ֤ôӾ״
Ѳ°ˣʱȥĸ飬ѵʻܺݷô
⻰ɲ˵ֻ˵Ÿոմ飬ҪɩӲܰ
˵Ѳؿ˳һۣлɣѵ粻ϲɩӣǲӦð֮ǰɫܵģѵǸɩӳˣ
һǱ飬֪ˣ̲סһۣ˼ʲôأ⻥пǴ£ܶŮ鳤
᲻øսֿ᲻ʲôã
ѵҪ£սһô
սҪ죬ܱܲԼϱȥɣ
ȥ˱߹أÿԿˮ
ȵ³ˣҵʵֽӹܣܻˡ
սͻСֲʲôã
Ƶġ
ҧҧֺݺݵ˳һۣʼȻ˻͵þ̣ȻȥˡҲĥ䣬ھúð¡
˵̧žߣѸ˹·Ϸֿˡ
ֱӻȥս˵˻е¡
սЩȣܿҪˣ
̵˵ͷ̫ҪҲĽȥ졣
ս˼йԱëʵͦģû취ȫˣֻһ
лģﲻµҪԣ
Ҫǳ̲ȥԿţͷ˰ˣҪ£͸ˡ
ң뿪ǣĺôɲ١
ʱҲøһˡ
Էһأʲôʲô
ôһ룬սЩ̵ģʼڴ̸Ͻˡ
Ҫȥ߹أΪܵð׼Щ
սתܿ⣬ͶԳ˵ȷʵҪܴˣȥ׼ɣѾ֪ˡ
ô˵ȴЩζ
ҪˣսôһʾûУ
Ů˸òǰͲ뿪ɣ
̺ɵؿսһۣ˫ĿԣԽԽ
ҪҪŵɲ٣ڿûսг
ֻƵҧҧȰ¼СͷԺٸսˣ
Ժıž˲٣˵뿪˵Ҳ£ܶ鶼Ҫţȳȥˡ
˵ĳȥˡ
սû⣬Ҫȥ߹أǱߵ϶ȲϾߡ
׼һЩҩó̴ߣóˡ
ЩҲǺǵģһĺģ͢ͻȻͨУ˭֪ǻô롣
¿еĥ
ڲΪȻˡ
ǲ֪ʲô̶ȡ
Ҫȥ߹أЩӹȥ֡
Ȳᣬ׺ԴЩȥ
Ǳƶ񤣬ֵĴ඼ӣҲ͡
ôأ׵ĲҲ͡
ڱ߹һȵºջˣ϶ҪֵҪá
ʱҪƹЩ͸ˡ
Ǳ߱ȱʵۺٹΪʳǲġ
˸߲ʳ㻥е³˲ӣҲǴһ
ս뵽ͿʼĥЩҪôóٺʡ
̫˿϶У·;ôңԶأ̫˲䣬˹ȥˣҲҪ˴
ս㣬ͺЩأһĶصĻӾҪٹĶǧӡ
ڿռֵΪռԵʣͦߵģĶǧջֱӾС
-

474 ˰

սĥһˡ
ռͦߣõ߹صĻǱߵĻȿռ϶ҪӰġ
Ӱ죬ĶӦҲܴﵽһǧ
ⶫǿԵʳģȻЩʳ϶˺ܲϰߡ
Ǳ߹ô࣬Բ˭
ⶫ˿ζ
ǣһĶعӾҪٹҪĶһǧǿ۳ӵĻջҲٹ˵ʵеˡ
ôͺͺʺϱȱˮĵط֡
ҪóȥĻһǧͲˡʱָĶ˺úźţĶܶЩ
иǧǧĲ߹صİջø˷ˣ
͸ʡˣⶫ磬ٺ󣬿Լ֡
Զӵĺķѵûô
һĶֻҪһٽӾУЩ統ӣָࡣ
ҺĲߣռĺͷ󣬻رĶϡ
õͷǲܹﵽǧҲ㹻˷ˡ
ôͺڱ߹صĻҲ֪ж١
ٵҶӻԵˣϵȥιιţ
ԺֵĶˣڱ߹ضЩ
پףռףĶǧӣһĶõӲֻ࣬ҪӾС
õͷĻ϶Ҫ½٣ⶫζҲ۵ʱԵˣٴЩˮŹǣͷȵˣĥ׷ͷ
ȥ߹أǧĶء
һǧָʮĶأһЩ磬϶ʮĶҲû⡣
Ǳ߿յض࣬ǿԶɼ磬ٶЩ
׵ĻһǧֶĶĵأˡ
ȥ߹ˮˣȵոˣҪǲ˶Իиġ
߾͵ץˡ
߹ֻˮߵĻԺҪӵģȻźøӾһЩȡջ֡
ս£ȥҩȥҩģ׼ҩӡ
һߣҲûţս뿪󣬾ȥĻţ̸ȥ߹ص£˳㰲žߵĸ
ȳ̺òæˣ˵սȥҩȡ˺ܶҩġ
һͲµս϶ʲô̲סȥս
ҹȥʱսѾҩˡҪǽⶾ裬ҩԼһЩԪ
ⶾǷֹ˶Գ¶ģҩ˿ڵġԪⶫ̲Ҫõúܣ߹вٽ죬ǲ̫ãܵ
̴Ԫȥһˡ
õҩںˣָָϵĺӣ׼һЩҩʱϰɡ
˶٣˵ʦ˵ջӹҲ֪ʲôʱ򡣲˼Ӧò١
Ҫ֮ǰˣʹһЩȥ߹أֳܲô
̵Ȼ˵ãڴӦ
֪ЩӵǸģûôģ˵ʱ򣬻һĶðѺӸˡ
սģ˸⡣
óһЩ׷ۣСͷһЩţ⣬˿
ʱȻɱţ⣬ΪԭţֻҪٸ󣬾
սΪżԶţ⻹ǲѵġ
ŵʱ򣬳̿ϰڵĲˣЩ
ţԹͲʶˡ
֮ǰսóӵʱûƤ񲻽Ƥг˿ղˡ
ϳ
ʲô̼һսǰƺû
ΪԳʳҲҵġ
ʦģ˵֮ǰҲǸ㿴㵱ʱġ˵ⶫԳԣóһЩԡ
ս˼䣬͵ų̵һԡ
̼ôˣʱЩļôˣ
ս⣺Ϊʲôܳԣ˵ⶫԳˡ쳢ζͦġ
̻ЩģսˣֵԼҪǲԵĻսﲻʹ죬Ҳһ鳢ζ
СҧһڣȻü
ʮŴţζžȻ
Թܲյţ⣬ܲζȽأǺϲ
ǱܲáŴйر㡣
ֿĲˣָĿʣʲôЩ죬Ҳҿӣ
ʵǿ̫ˣûܾ
-

475 

սÿӰıƤ¶ͷɫ⣬ȻųԡǺζͦģ쳢
ԡ
սռֵĺǵϸѡ֣ڿռֲƷֲϱڣͷ󣬲ߣζҲ൱Խ
ؼǣ𣬳Ż˾塣
ĺ㣬սƷ̫ãζǿڸУõġ
̴δԹʱζ汻˲档
Ǵδ˵ĳʳȲس˳
ֻһڣ۾ζǲ
˵ϸ۲һºıƤֽ˵ˣ֮ǰҿⶫ
ʱòģ뿾֮ζȻôáǰֵģʦ˵ǵĲΣ
֮ǰսҪֵʱ򣬳ûô⣬Ϊ֪ʲôõġ
ʱ֪ʳãζͦȻġ
֮ǰΪǸţһյģйŨţζζǱڸ˲٣Ǻԡ
ŴĿڸг൱
⿾ֲһˣⶫֻǼ򵥿𣬿˵һζ൱ʳˡ
ܵʳԡ
̾㲻óũ£Ҳ֪Ǹö
ǲǿԶһЩȫƹ㡣
ǼۿɲײոԲǣ֮Ǻ£
ս΢΢һЦ֪̳ζ֮󣬾֪ĺôˡ
뵽ּһСͷԳ
ͷ䣬һھܳȥһɫƣžϲ졣
ͷСͷֻΪǰģȾ˽ɫû⡣
սͻȻһųԣ;ò̫Ծ
ոʲսû˵ȴͷԣڰʾʲô
ôһ룬ͶСͷ
࿴ۺ󣬳̺ԥؼһţ˳ζ
һԣ֪Լ´ˡⶫԲģζͲһ
ʵʲôģŲۡ
սЦֳһţɫΣ
⻰תͻȻʲô
֮ǰսӣоֽɫĿΪɫƣŻͦÿģͶ࿴˼ۡ
ͷҲǽƵɫӵɫͦġ
ԣͷģ
̺ܿˣͷҲ֮ǰҿİɣЩҳζ֪ǵĺã𣿡
սЦЦĬˡ
Ȼ˵ʦ˵ЩԳԣСܲ٣ûҡֻ˵ֵúˣ϶ܸЩ
룬ȻҪȥ߹أӷֳ֣һִȥ߹أѡͬԣЩӵĲô
һũҲѡ֣ͬĲôóҲ뿴ζô
ڿţ⼸ζ൱ǲ˵ȫƹ㡣
⻰սĿͶ˼⡣
ԽãսϱȢˡ
ϧ֪ЩĲҪ֪ĻҪϼˡ
뵽ʵʦ˵Щô֣
սͼ򵥸˵˵ֲû˵̫ϸ£ͼ˵ص㣬Ҫ磬ټڵ
Ըѿλп顣
ڿ
˸ڿӵСߣó̹ȥ˴졣
̿һۣöͦ򵥣ͼֽ߹غҹ졣
Ȼսʲôʱ
սû˵ʱ䣬ֻ˵̾ûˣȴͦ⡣
֮ǰս˵ҪֶֻǾ޿޲ɣ⡣
񳢹ζЩŲˣ⣬λɰ̳֮
ҪŲ飬ѡԱ棬¿ɼá
˵ڶ죬سţȥˡ
û˵ӵ£»û׼ɲǡ
ҪᣬҲҪֳȷ˲С
νҪҪ˵ġ
һҪ׼У⿿Լ϶У϶Ҫ˹ȥڱ߹سһó˾еĸˡ
Щѡܲܵ˱߹زôӾߴȥ
оֵأȻҪ֣϶ôϼֲС
۶Ҫˡ
ڸּۻ۵ʱսҲûע⣬ӷŽ˿ⷿͷ
ȻŪȵ˷ˣ͵͵˻ȥ
طûãܼҾͼҴǰ˿ⷿ¡
-

476 뿪

սһϢȥ˳µĿⷿ
ͷŵӺ˹ܼô¡
ܼұѾ֪龭һʣϽ
ܼ򵥣һ˾ⷿʱжĳ£͸Ͻˡ
һͷֿⷿͷȻûסֻɵعͷ
һ֪ˣûҴŽȥͷʲôȥ˵
˸Ͻȥ˹ܼңܼ֪Թˡ
Ϊǿⷿʧԣ˭֪ⷿﶫû٣˺Щ
Ķ󣬾͸ˡ
װŵĶȻûʶ
ܼҾΣҲûȥսᡣ
ս֮治ɫص˵ͷʾ֪ˣȻùܼҷ˿ڣð˵ȥ
ȳ̻ʹӹܼ֪¡
ʶλˣȲȥЩӡ
Щӵʱ򣬳̾Щˡ
ǲе̫ˣ
Ϊûٵģ˭֪Ȼкüʮ
װġ
Ҳ̫ˡ
֮󣬺ܿ˷ˡ
ôӣһȥ߹أҲˡ
ʱֳҪǲУֱڱ߹ƹ㡣
ǵȵû˺̲סս˵ʦҲ̫ʵˣȻôӹ
ôĶȻܹ֪سⷿλɵı£
õӦҲǬɣôĶǬѾǷ켫ˡ
սúЦȴһ˵ʦȷʵҲ֪ʲôʱô
̰οûǣʦȻ㣬˵ʿ϶ǲģֻҪʱգ϶ʦ
ȻλսݵԵʡսȻܹѧǬʿ϶ǲġ
ֻǲ֪λɵʲôĿġ
Ҧùλʲôأ
ʶսȭͷ
ʲôĿģԴС
ֻҪܹʵλʲôõĴ㣬Ҳ¡

õӺ󣬳̺ܿ콫ӷֳ룬Ȼȥ߹ء
ֹ죬ŵ˳̳ӡ
ս˳ţ緢ڸͷϣŶﳤȥѵ˼ֲᡣ
üųԶȥıӰζЦЦ
̱ϾүҰģһֱھֻŶŮ鳤
һȥҲ֪Ǹʲô
㻥вô˳ЩӣҲܿЩ´󹦡
ھûг̿ţʲôʲô
ϵʱ򣬾Ͳõı̷֣Ժúˡ
ս̵ţԽȥԽԶܿ쿴ˣת˳¥

ߺ󣬾һܿǾ͹ע˱ġ
Ȼû˳̣սҪæҲ١
ںܶ鲢ҪΪֻҪԸȥá
Щӡ
뿪֮ǰ֡
սȥ԰͵ũȻ˸
ׯǱߣҲˡ
֮ǰЩȫˣ˵ûǼҲȫ鳭Ҳй̰۵¡
ϧ̰ȥǮܶ඼ѵˣ㳭û˼ҲҲֲ̰۵
ԭǣսȴϲôɱˣͷǮǩǷׯ
ʲôʱǷµǮˣǲܵɡ
ǮϢʱϵþãϢͻԽߡ
һǸȫһ·
սָ˲ȥɵúˣͽ
ǸЩǰͷһܲǲòƴ
Ǳ󣬳̰µĹ¡
µĹµǸģսƴӡ
ϵеĵ軧ȫֳӣŵ˲ͬĽ͡
˽նЩ軧ȫúܡ
ǣЩ軧ϵЧ󣬾ͱøˡ
սҲ˽ѷϷӸ˹¡
ǸģܿͰһˣרŸ
״Ԫ¥µġ컯־Ҳ
б༭רŵ׫ˣҲǺļߡ
Щͨר˾Ĺ棬ϵЩרߣȻвɷá
ȥд£༭󿯵ڡ컯־塣
⡶컯־治ĳרĴݣһרС£˵רĳ쿴ʲôͻȻУǷר
־ϼܺ˵Ҳ١
Ϊͷ˲רǼЩ̻θڡ
սȴûȥ־Ϊ֮ǰ޽¯ˣ
-

477 ľ

֪¯ãսͦ˷ܵġ
ڻ޽УٹЩӾܽá
Ҫ֣϶ҪĽ̿
ֻ̿ڳ˵Ʒʻá
սԸ⣿
¯ǿˣӣõʱ򣬽̿Ҳճˡ
ÿȥ
Ҳٲ˽̿
ҪճƷʸõĲ¶ǲ̫͵ġ
õľǽ̿գ֮ǰ¯ûãõĽ̿ȫǴͷġ
¯ˣսܹɿ
ԥֱӷԸȥ¯ٽ̿
Ĺܼ֣µĽΪǰǸս̿ģԶµ¯ġ
ս½ɵ¯ֻҪճһ¯̿ڵһ벻ֹ
ЩֻԤϣΣֻ֪֮ܵ
֮Ϊ˶¯϶Ϻۣ³ʲô״
սǳԵͦãһûġ
ڴ󲿷ʱ䶼æֻҪһʱͻռͷ
һæµЧͦ
սЩڴ̻ˡ
ٶȣȵ̻ʱ򣬿϶Ķ֣
æǰ¯Ժ
¯ӿյĵ죬ս𴲣ûüţɰͼҴҵ˽˵Ϊ
սһΪ֣¯¡
ɰɫòң˲²⡣
ɡ
ɰȥܿͰΪ˽
սһֻۣ⣬Ȼ۾Ѫ˿ȴΪܣ֪Լ¶ˡ
ȻΪֱӿżɽ˵ӣҲ̿ճˣ
ս⣬ֻǺʵʲôʱ򣿿ɼǵ˶ʱ䣿
Ϊ˵ҹպˣʱ̫²ҾӣȸճĽ̿¡¶Ƚ˼һƷʺܲǰյĺá
ս˵ͷԴ˲⡣
ҪƷʲãֺαػǮ¯ӣ
Ϊһۣ˫Ѫ˿۾֮ǰᡣ
ҲǣΪճӲû˯ôһϡ
ڶȲ
Ϊڵӣʱỹͦ
Ϊһֱû˯۾ɾּȿܡ
ôȥɲС
ôճ˽̿ΪӹɣɲԼˡ
ս˵֪ˣȻȥ˯һúþ黹ܶ࣬ɲܵˡ
Ϊл˶ܿȥ
սɰźý͵£Ͳˡ
ɰЩӣЩͼ죬Ҫţܰá
̿ɹ˳׶ˡ
ֻҪͰؼţãͿԴũˡ
սû̫·ϣҲûȥԾﾲĵģû֪̿¡
ǹۣǵϢ
޽еŵˡ
ͷȻס
̿ҹճģû˻ʱۡ
ֲʲôҪĴ£Ҫ
ԣҲ֪֮¡
ֻʱҪս硣
Ҫ糯ÿɱսˡ
𴲺󣬾˰
Ϣʱ򣬵סˡ
µϢ׼ȷ
˵ͷͷģӦġ
۵ɫͽˣȻô졣
ĵ׵ͷ
ǰҲû뵽Ȼô졣
ս¯ʱûʼԵʱȻϢȴûô⡣
Ǹ¯ѣֲʲôҪĶ
ճ͸˵͸Ƭ󣬱ģҲġ
ʱֻΪԼս̿˭뵽⽨¯ЧʾȻôߣ
Ĺ򣬾ȻͰѽ̿ճˣ˵Ʒʻ
Ҫ֪Ҫո߰ճƷʻûã
ٶȣʵ̫ˡ
Ӻھ͸۱Ƶġ
˵ͷһִĲ壬˵Ҫġ
õ߸͸
ֲѾ˲ٳֻһֱ⣬ƷʻãԲһֱûϡ
λ˲á
Ҳ
޽ֻΣ
ҪǸһ˲ãǿɾ͡
뵽ֻһ÷ɿ졣
ڳϣ˵Ƿпѡ
˵ģλиʦ
-

478 ѵ

п̲סۿȥ
ȴ΢΢üͷϿϲŭҲ֪ʲô
ʵϣ۸ò࣬ȴֱøЩ
룬λɼȻսͽܣǸس̣
ȻĻƫƫս̫أ
뵽λǶ̥̫۵ɫͲ̫ˡ
ڵʲôطˣ·Ͽɻ˳
˵ǻ˳ӦѾ쵽߹ˡ
һǰӡ
ôӣֲܲ۶Ŀڶ࣬Ȼ֪ġ
ͷ
ֻЩʲôãͲ̫ˡ
̫ҽ֮󣬵˵ܳԡ
ֻһɫĸ񣬲ԡ
۾Ͳµȥ߹صЩǴȥֵġ
ֵģЩδδ֮϶λóġ
ԭŪЩԣͷȴִµϢЩӵũͷ˲ͬ
˵ˣźͦģ˼ġ
۵õϢ󣬾ʹ֮ǰͷֻǰ˻ũЩ
˭֪һתۣ֮ǰ޽¯͸ôľϲ
۸п˺һȥ糯
ʱһЩ˭Ҳ
ϣ۾Ӹµؿٹ٣Ϊͬ鳶ƤЩꡣ
ﶫŮӶ磬Ƥӵ³Ƥ
²УƤͦ
Ҫкã
Ǳˡ
̲ס˺ôһͨ
ŵĳһƫƫû֪ԭ
ͳҲûӹ۳һ١
ֵȻƽʱϵͦãеѵܵ˼
ĬĬһۣȻԼͬ˳̡
ֻһ͹˲ϵǳˡ
Īطʵ벻ԭˡ
ȵˣò˳һܿɢˡ
æȥϢ֪ʲô£۸ˡ
ȻһеԴͷȴյشڿռյسˮ
սѧˣռˮ٣ɺܶζŨҪͷԣζܾöɢȥ̫ױ¶ˡ
֮ǰڣܵų̵ռʲôҲó
̲ˣټΨһӣûܹܵס
ʲôͶ㵽ռͷٳȥҲû˷֡
¯û̫⣬ҲͲ֪ΪԵʣðѳȫһ٣ӶûŹ
ǰӴ󳼻ʺء
սԵòˣһĨˮ˿ڣȷûζˣų˿ռ䣬ʼǱġ
ĲյòˣԻˡ
ĴõĶߡ
Ȼ͸⣬͸ҪȲ̫ˡ
ν߾Ǳǣĸ֮Ķģ͸Կ֪
ʱ̫󣬹ǿңǸպá
˶죬ûʲô̫Ĺ߾Ͳˡ
£û죬̫Ҳһ㣬Ӵ󣬴ʱǾùЩ
˵ƲžúЩ
ڴյòˣսѴˡ
һæµ
е󣬸סˣͷ˺ܿ˵ˡ
һ˾˵ˣҲ
ǳͦ档
ڳ̲ھǣֻһŮӣһֱܲţȻµ˵
ǳ˺ü죬һֱûҶ
ֱʵ̲סˣ˽Ȼһݷá
սðǾ֮⣬ǵó̵ίУûȻ壬ԽӴˡ
ʱսԷ˴Ȼһѣɫظˡ
ȻжʱЩãԵôס
ᣬԻоȡ
ս֣Ȼ壬֣⿿̫ҽӦҲܹõģֻҪ໨Щʱ䡣
ʷϴȻδһӰŮԲ̫Ծ
̥Ȼ㺢زۣҲزŶԡ
ս˴ȻһۣתͷȴûƳ
ѶЩ͸Ĵ˵ⲣҪ͸ЩڵĲߣһҲղٴӡ
ֿ˼ۣò̫͸Щǲߺÿ
Ĺߣ־ⲣҲвĺô
ǺƤ˵ɩȻⲣĲߣٽһ
ԭֻ뿴Ǹʲôģ
ˣǴ⡣
ж׬Ǯ֪ģҪǿԺ
-

479 ս

ͷһһʰ
ѿЩˮ͸Ĳͼƽ
ȻĶѡ
ù˵ߣⲣǾԵϡ
óѺʹȻβĶ
󣬾ȲѽĴȫˡ
սһ齨Ͳµ˼
¥ôˣ˵սҲΪ
ô׬ǮĿû˵ǣ
Ҫⱦ¥Ĳҵ类Щŵζ̳ˡ
ѵڲѾǳסˡ
ս͵űأѵһһ㲻⡣
ε˵ҵһٽֵõ̫٣һҲæ͵ˡ
һͼˡ
С˹ˣǲ֪ģһսҲ˼˵ɩҪæ½ң
Ȼһ⻰ͽˣϣսܴӦֵ
Ҫս״ô룿
ҪսӦˣͷ׬ͷɾʹˡ
뵽Ȼ̲סԳ
ǰû޵ʱﳤ˵Ǯǰ
ⶫҪ˿ġ
Լ޵±ѿˣƽֻϲдд
±˾̫ſ˵չžæŶȨڴֻһЩҪģ
ô˰꣬Ҳûﲻס
˭֪ôңǱ֪˶עüѡ
̫ҽڣҲû˵áÿСӵʱǾС䣬͸װűƵġ
սһ˶ȴöࡣ
չţʹ֡
˱¥ս
ɳѲûã߶Ҫӡ
öˣ֪ﳤ˵δؾǶԵġ
ϻȷʵ˾ǮǰⶫɳѾԲˡ
ϣսܹͬóѶ׬Щˡ
ԴȻŵؿսܾ
սȻܾ
ֲɵ
ƳľӣսЩɫѤõڼó϶ҪΪ
˾ʲôʱмʱȵ˼
еģԼҪûУǶûӣ
ִģνֻ
Ŵˣɱִ˸Ҫ档
ʲôϡ˼ˣԼûҪ˻ԼѾձɽˣ
սʶӵĻ𱬺󣬺ЩƳж𱬡
ѹŻûóȥ͵žȶȽƳȥ
ܵ˻ǣ
̫׬Ǯܲȫһˡ̹ΪҲ̫ˡ
ǵЩ˺ϻűȽϱա
ۺŻʺǿ϶Ҫ£ģԶţȻٺò
ȵؿ˳һۣЩ˷ܵʣԸæ
һ⻰֪սǴӦġ
һϲرˬ˵Ȼɩӣ粻ڣܵܵģȻðչɩӣɩǧܼܵ⡣
սЦе˵ʵ¥ͦģֻ⾵ˤ飬˳;䡣
ȫ޽רվӡұϾֻǸ˼ңҲûôã¾һֱûɡ
⻰һ˲÷ɿ졣
ĿƵؿսɩ˼ϣܵܰæȫ޽¥
ս˵ͷ㣬ֻҲ֪°ף⾵Ҫ͸ĲⲣֺҪҪھͷʾʲС
ս˵꣬¶Ϊ֮ɫ
ȴһ㲻Ϊѡ
ʾôף
˵ɩģܵͽ˵һһ°ˣ
ս˷ܵ˵ǾͷˣҪ˵ʣ϶ˡ
ҲǼúܣȲ
ЩͻȻ¡
˵ɩӣĲǹϡģʲôʱҲܸǽϰ
ǲ֪߿ɰˣﻭУֻܵͷȥ
䣬ֲãһܵס
ɩӣ粻ڣɵöչյܵܡҪǶȸϵԺӻˣ㿴в
սúЦѵǻóȥװֺԡ
ô˵ˣܲӦ
󷽵˵˵ʣҾѽȫϲ͵лˡ
ô˵͸סˣͽɩҵĺϢ
-

480 ǱΪ

ѻȲؽ˹
һȥۣ۾ӣϴ󳤵ֻ̫֣飬һֱ̫ϲ
϶Ͳһˣͷá
ֻ϶ǰȥ˱߹ؿ軥Уھʣھ
۶ụ̂ԳӸˡ
ԭӣһˣûȣ˽ˡ
ѴŴȻȥ£֪ġ
ѽ˹ﻹͦ⡣һѾʣôˣ
ЦûۿڣԼվˣɼж⡣
ۿüͷ˷ܵ˵ʣӵģ
⻰۾͹˲˶ˡ
ʣӵģأ
Ѿ˵ûУܿˡ
üͷʲô˼
ѼЩˣͲˣϽԼ뷨˵˳ʣ֪¥ɣͶɩǸӣרӵġ
۵Ȼ֪¥֪֪¥ÿܽ˶٣
⻰˼ֲ²⡣
û˵Ҳֱ˵Ǳ¥ǶϱĲҵģǶϱӣȥ̫ˡ
ɫʣ֪Σ
Ѿͽ˵ˣʣⱦ¥ս𣡿ֻоǲб¥طûأ
ҪڸǶһұ¥ÿһҶ׬Ƕӣ
۵ɫ̫ÿԼ˼
̽͵Ƕɩ˼ɩ˵ֲöæɩӻ˵µøͬС
ʣӦò᲻ӦɣҪսˡֻҪӦ͸ʺĸɹɣÿ¶ֺܷ졣
Ȼ͵⣬ֻսʲôҲû˵
ڳԼ˵ս˼ﻹвӦ˼
Ժ׬Ŀͻʺ˽⣡
۾ʵ޺ĸٸɹɣ
˲ˣɿ룬û׼ֻ˵ûȥ˺ϼƺϼƣȵ˽һʡ
۾һûϢĶһ׼ûУ͸˵ӣϽɣ
һ֪ǹϹˡ
ֱȥս˵ѾӦˣҪɹɡ
ս⣬۲ᣬҲ
ֻ˵ӵʱս˳Ѽ㽨顣
Ǹصĺ̺ɵغ̳˳Ǯ޽װӡ
أֻʣøɹɺͷֺ졣
ѶԴ˵Ȼûʲôݣ
ѵҪԳǮ޽;Ӫô
Ҫô鷳
ֻҪųϢ˰ͽ˵ֻǸɹɺͷֺ죬Щ˵ǶԸ⣡
ѴŰƱ˵ɩӷģͷųϢЩǡ
ս˸飺˼Ʒڼ翪ᣬЩƷ
һ£ܿս˼
𾪵ؿսݵ㶹ͻȻ˷ܵشЦɩ취ãͰϢųȥЩһͣһ
սЦе˵ϢԵڱֽϣȻӡʱֻӣܲμᡣܾã׼ٺʣ
⻰ֿʼ١
ش˴֣ҵ˺ϼƺϼơ
սûֻЦ˵Ҿ͵ܵϢˡ
¾Ͷˡ
֮˳ѺʹȻţ׼һЩˡ
óģʺȻó˶罷ͷ
ϲ֮ǰѾûˣѾжûԹ
ֳԵɰ˷ܻˡ
ţȲҪȥĻ¡
ߵʱ򣬻˲ȥ
һһһͣԼһһ۸һĸ
һصѾͼæĻţ̸⡣
սֵ徲ߺִſҽĽڣռȥˡ
гѰæܶҪΪ
ᣬȻгȥš
ͬʱҲ˱߹ء
һǿ죬ֻǻӣٶȾûôˡ
Щ̻ӹȥ
ӾҪܶˣһҲʮأֺüĶĵء
̲Щӣȿȥ߹׼Իӹȥ
-

481 

һ߹ؾæµˡ
һ˱߹أӸϹʱѾŵòˡ
ó˾Ǵ˼ӡ
еĵطҲѡ˳ֻǻûü޽
ó˾и̨ӣһͭӶûУޣҲòǮ
ó˾ϢѾ˳ȥ̼ŵǼǡ
Щִ̼ԼǻڹԲûʲô
̵֮Եľһѵ顣
ۿ̼ǻûһţҲżȰȥ
һ·Ϊӣٶȡ
ǽϣҲ˰µʱŸϹ
ۿţʱҪ£ӱµˡ
ҪȻ͵õ顣
̵֮Ȳũ
֮ǰʱ򣬾⽻һЩũҪֶ
ˣƷϵķӸ˶Էһݡ
˲ҵ飬һ߹ؾæµ
ȳ̵ʱ򣬵һѾˡ
ũҲ˲١
Ҫսܶũﶼķˡ
͵вٵأǱ߾֡ΪӲٵضţֲ
رס
ֻһᱦǧĶũ
۸ѾǷǳˡ
ھǣؼ۾Բôˡ
̵֪󣬾Ͱˣȥ
ص˼¼һ˶бȽϡ
ũȼͬܶȲһʩõ׷ʵ಻߲ͬõ׷ʣȵȡ
һ¼ɲǼ򵥵飬רŰ¼
ȵԺջʱ򣬾֪ЩڲֲͬµĲ
̣ӣԶ֡
ҲûϢϢܿʹˡ
ΪеϢ̼Ѿ˹ֻǹ˼ų̵һֱûȥó˾Ǽǡ
˵һЩֵĶ̼Ƕʱ˼졣
һջģ겻ؿһˣף˵ʲô˼˵Ҫôæֵˣ
Щ̬ͦ
üͷҲ⣺飬ȷͷԡЩǸõ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵ԳԵʳģֵúܣӾδҲ֪λǴĶġ
ȻʳЩȣ˼һͻȻ˵ˣȥó˾
ЩǣףҪȥһƭ˵أ˵λɱ飬ĺúܡ
ȴ˵ûʲôõĵģιܲǳǵġ
ǱѾϢһƬɽڳ˱أֵӡ
¿Щȫļױˣ˸սı¥ǲǮģ￴ۼǵ棿
һһ㶵ģף²İɣɽȻڳ˱أϲŸôд
ûصһۣѵƭ֮ڸͣӦòΪ˵Ӿǿлģ
粻˳٣ȥó˾һˣ˵ǰãۼҲǰ̡
˵꣬Ȳʰ˶ҴҸȥó˾
ó˾ôæûü޽רŵţֻ˸ȽϴĺԺԼ󣬾͹ó˾ӡ
Ӹϵʱÿһˡ
ҲǸ̼֣ȹơ
˹ȥС֣Ҳˣ
̼Цеص˵ͷǰơֵܣҲͦ
˵øЩȻСҲõǱߵϢ˰ɣ
˶ʱȻȻЦЦҲ˵ˡ
ʲôϢ˭û˵
̳սˣҲҴˡ
۶С
οӣ˱أ׬Ǯ˵Ϣܹ۵ġ
˽˵˵Ͱˣû֪
طó˾֪˶̽ء
ط۹ˣ²ϵòͷˣ
˵һС̼ˡ
ó˾Ĵſţſڻ浶ʿš
ͷվһ꣬طС
˵껰Сؿʿһۣƺûж⣬ųſȥó˳ȥ
ӹһָָۣͷķ򣺡ȥɣиʾͷŸʾȥȿʾ
˸ϽӦˣֵлȥˡ
ֽ̼ŵݳȻҲȥˡ
ͷȻûԶиʾŸʾ
߹ȥϸ鿴
һ鿴Щҵľͽ
-

482 Ĳ˳ʺ

˾̶꣬۽ɲܱȡ
ʾŵģó˾ƶĹ
ȻȻǶ⹫ģڻûв⹫ĹͲˡ
ϰԵ˸۶
İǣͷĹƶͦϸ£˺ܰġ
֮ǰó˾ֻǴϢ˵ҪڻоӪμӶó׵ģ͵ȵó˾Ǽǡ
ǲǼǣ͵͵彻ףͻΪ˽塣һץǳء
˶ûʲôøУܹͨսң˵ȻǼ¡
׬Ǯֻϣ⻥֮岻ٽӡ
Ϊһսң϶ҪӰ졣
ʱ˵׬ǮˣҪȥ١
ԴӴеϢһֱڹ
֮ǰǵЩֿ̼⣬˵֮æֵأֵĻʳŷġ
Ȼֵ̼֣ص£Ҳ֪ġ
ȥɲһջġ
ʳĻ˵Ҳĸ°ɣ
ʱɲ̣
Ҫֻǿõŵôã
֮Ȼ˶ȥ϶õȥЩջɣ
ҪЩֿ̼ȥɲ
ʱͷѵ˻£ܼ
ôһ룬ŷģó˾
ó˾ƶĹ涨˾͸ˡ
ͷ˵ˣҪμӶóףýһӣҲøˡ
Ϊͷ˵Ҫμóףʸ
ǲʲôġ
˿֮󣬾;ͦáȻҪʸ񣬾˵³ó˾Իеӣɲںڣ
Ȼˣ°˳ģ˵ܳɣ
Щһֱóͨ͢У͢ò˿е˼ܲӰɣ
ǹĲ˳ʺҲûһ̬꣬Ȱɣ
һ߹ʱ
뵽͸˷ˡ
ܹ뵽ȻпͨطȻ̼֣Ϸ
µʱ忴ˣֻӵ˼
Щ˿ɲʲôö
ôһ룬̲ס
Ȼģȴܳʵ󲽾ͳͷ˹ȥ
Ǽǵĵطͷ
ֹˣ̼ǿʾŵĸʾ󣬺ܿɫ졣
֮Щ̼Ƿ׷á
ʾȻ˵˹ȴû˵̫ܶϸƺȥˡ
Ҫֻ֪࣬ȥͷ
Щ̼ǵĵó˾ܿæµ
ȴó˾ȥ鿴ȥӣûʲô仯󣬲ְȥء
Ļĵȫ
սģһϻӵı
ﻹܲӦ
˾Ǯģֲǿռ¡
߹Ϊսң˿ڲ࣬ĵظǲ١
ó˾ŴҲûֻ̼ͨܶڹǳ̵Ļᡣ
ҪǲڰѻĵȻпͨطؼۿ϶÷ǣ
еǿطҲ̻Ǯ
󣬾͵޽̡
ս˼ǰطɺҵġĳף˸ͼ
󣬾ͦרˣսṩĲͼҵġ
ڹҵģ߹أҲ˴˹
УڹǸ۵С֥٣ò׵˳ʶҵ
·ϣŻѪҵġ
ߺѾˡ
̿ͼֽͦ⣬Ǯ޽
ƳҵͦӵģҪȫ޽Ļ϶
Գֵ̾޽̡
Ȼæнƹҵ
ҵҲսġ
һͨ߹ؿ϶ܷչʱ򣬾ҪƷ
ｻ׹ëҲҪ̴ܾܲô˵ȥɣ
Ƕ鷳
ֱڵش󣬷֯ë߻߲ƥء
֮⣬Ҫ彻ףȻƷ
ⲣӣǸö
Ȳܳԣֲܴȥ彻ףܹ֮⣬ûô
ɲ飬϶ǲܳ;ģ׵İ취ֱڵؽ
˲ӣǴʲôģҲǲƷ
ɴⶫһҲʺϳ;䣬Ȼɱ̫ߣҲڵؽ
һȻ͵иҵ
ȹҵ
ʱ߹ؿ϶ԽԽ
ȻҪ϶ֵó⡣
Ի÷ӡ
ЩԺ飬֮ǵȰѻа
̾ôæµ
Ҳͣ
-

483 ٴ

ȷҪ󣬳һصȲؽĻź͹£ֺ¡
¶ͨ˵ףǳý¶˵ûʲôѶȡ
ֻҪųϢ̼Ըͽ
Ļź͹һϼƣöʮУ׼Щط¥
󣬳Ȳùһ׼ȥѵ
սģÿһᰲһʹȥָصĹ
ʵϣνļʣҲ̽ӡ
²Ҫս˵Ҳܲ³
͸ǿǧ۵ģҪֺ̼Ȼ˶ţ
ķӣҲϸܲС
̼֣þϸѡʱ򻹵öôһ͵͵й¶ȥ
Щ£ҪսģȻá
߰ŵò󣬾͵ս˵Щ
ִŴȻȥһˣһսʣɩӣ֮ǰ˵ɷõܵȿ
ȻʱЩڡ
̫ˣûء
ЦŸս񣬲ɩɱЦүʵңԴɩ˵һֱǡү֪󣬾˵Ҫɩӣ˺üأүˡ
⻰貹˲ӡ
սȻǿ˳ֻЦЦ𴩡
˳һۣ治ɫģƺͦȻҲͲˡ
ȴЩС
ûͷճأ֪òã
ۿû취ġ
˳ŴȻĻ˵ǰɩӣ˵Ȼϡغܣˣó£
սµᰲģ͵ء
Ѿɴˣ˵ɡ
˵꣬ʹųѺʹȻȥⲼùĻ
ȫ˲Ҳһûд̫ĹҲá
ѺʹȻս˻Ϳƺʲôɫĳ񲼸סˣƲ
ҲɵϸղŵĻ׾ܲµŵģӦþս˵ˡ
ᱡڸܹ֮Գ
ԹܿͷŵЩдС
а˶ߣСܷͷ档
ϧȫ񲼸סˣҲ֪ʲôرġ
ѿһϾǽ̫սɩӣЩ
ս˵ͷ߹ȥץסһǣһ
ᱡĳ˲¶ͷ
ѺʹȻԼͬؿȥȻסˡ
ЩȻͬɫȴΪѤۻҡ
һ۾ϲˣ޲̰ؼȥ
ĿƵضЩԽԽ˷ܣսɩӣЩ˵
˵ͻȻֻвٳûоЩȲ
սЦֽҿ񲼣ڷŵȫչ¶˳
̿˹ȥ
ΪеѤɫһͷ֣кüȻǴɫġ
ɫ͸Ĳ
Щʮ͸ȲҪ͸ö࣬˱ӵģ
ЩӵҲ֣ȻȫǸ߽ţεıͷһϸ͸ĲӣͷԲεĽš
ӳ˵֮⣬һǵ۵׶ΣЩ©ӡ
˵ЩӵģŶֵֹģΪ߶͸Եʣ˾ûͦÿ
ϲȾƣӺ󣬾̲ס࿴ۣ붼ǾƱ
ս˵ͷҹⱭܲµûЩǾƱ
˵꣬һ񲼽ҿ
ͷݷõĲһ׼õľҺ
ҺװڲƿҲһչʾˡ
һƿѾƣӣѾƵ͸Ѿ
ȻִľƣһһھƱ֮С
˸ղŵĺѾ֮⣬ս׼һƣ÷ƺӾơ
װ͸ĲƿؿҺɫʮƯ
ŮӼ֮󣬻ϲ
ս⿴˴ȻһۣȻֱضƿڿ
ѾչȥţѾƣ
ûսشȡ
ս棬û˼ֱѾͺȣ˸εĸ߽űѾƵ˽ȥѱӸװˡ
սʱЩΡ
ָ߽űɲôõġ
ȫװʲôУ
ǴȻ˳սƶûеֻװһСıӣͲµͷʲô˵ͷ
ٿѵô࣬ЩΪ顣
-

484 

Ȼͦڣǵս棬Ҳûѳѣֻװ
ȴѾȲغһڣȻȵؿ۱ľƣսɩӣǴŪѾƣȻǰȹĶҪá
սǲô⡣
ԼģΪƣרҵʦѧѡʵѣ˿ռͷ
ƵʱõĶǿռﳤѺȪˮ֮󣬻ڿռѲع
ֻϧǰǿռľƻ治ࡣ
ԼȣҲ̫١
ϴǿ鴫Žռ󣬿ռͻȻˣٵط
ͳհѼ֦Ǥ塣
ڿռѾֳһƬ磬ǻû
ȻĻ᲻ðó
õõĲ죬ƵķҲרҵʦģ̶ڿռͷ˲ζĿܲˣ
˳Сˡ
𣿡
սȵһ䣬ȻͿֺһڣˮƵġ
εҡҡͷһһһڣʴȻҪ𣿡
Ȼ볢ˣֻΪŮӣһֱû˼ڡ
սˣҲûƴǣЦŶǱӾƣѧսһСڡ
ӾǺȹģܾζҲ
սóӾƣȻ;ˡ
ոճ˵ʱΪڹάԺһڣŷƵζĲ
Һȥ󣬾Ȼͦġ
ȻΪԼĴ̲סһСڣϸϸһ¡
ܿͷ֣ƹȻǰȹĲһҪһЩ
ľҺͲ࣬˼ں󣬾Һ֪ͺˡ
ȻŷӦȻ;ȵؿĿձӡ
Ƶ׻Ķģζãħһ
ƽǲȾƵģҲƽʱҪȾƵʱ򣬲Ż΢һ㣬Ӳ̰ࡣ
һǵĺ¶̬ЦóѲϲ
ǵĺȶ
ȻҪģϲƵζ
⻹ǵһΣ˱ľȻòȡ
ȻͷѲǼʲô
뵽ܣʶսȥֻžƱЦеģһĶʱȥ
ȻĿ̫ԣսܿˡسȻȥÿȻĻɺ;壬ЩĪ
Ȼ
ô£
ڻʲô
ǡʱѾ˱ľƣδ˵ɩӣƵζ̫ˣǴĶģ
˵ͬʱƿ͵شӣֱƿƱﵹ
ȻʱɲȲصƣͻ
үȻ͵ؽһҪϳѣүôźȾƣСɩӿЦ
ĪؿһۣѾˣŲĵط¾ƿӾͺȡ
һڣȻ벻˵ǺȵʲôɩӰѾóǺȾ𣿡
ȻȴЩļƵζõó棬ʵŲġ
ǿųѵģ֪Ѿƣǲƿľƺ꣬ǲݵġ
ȻѾ֪⣬ؿųѶȣ
Ȼԥһ˲ɴס˶ӣüͷ¶ʹӣүҶЩ
ȵ⻰;ɨˡ
ǺںȻģϾɻûãûʱ
ҴȻ˸ˣԴȻͶ˼ϧ
һ󣬳ѻǷ˾ƱӲô£ͽҽ㿴
ս˴Ȼһۣ˵Ȼȴɡ
һͻȻһ
Ȼк֢ÿСӵʱ򣬾ͻۡ
ѵСˣ
һˣȥŮ˵Сӣ
ԾͲˡ
ԭ̫ȥµȻСӣ;ñûȥˣȻҪսǰ˳Ҳ̫Ϊˡ
ҪŴȻ뿪ʱͻȻ˱ﻹûľơ
뵽ǾƵζѾЩ᲻ãɴƱͷľҺȫˡ
ôȻĲѣҪٴγ
ս󣬻ҧסˡ
жֻĲ²⣬û֤ʵء
Ҫ³´ˣɾҪսˡ
ȴ֪Щϸ˼ƺ󣬾͸ս˴ǣҴҴŴȻȥˡ
ĴȻߵر𼱡
һص˽ҽȻ
Ȼ˵Լͷһ⡣
-

485 ж

Դӵ֪Լ˶Ȼʱ̵ı
ڣѲָıҵˣ֪ԺüѣǶһ
Σһ˵ۣѾȲش
ֽҽ
Ȼзһ⣬͸һ
Ȼ뵽Լõӣֳȥ
Ѷٺãʲôأ
ӣλӾȣͱ˸ȡˡ
ôһ룬Ȼ̲סֻ
˭֪ʱͻȻ˵ҽܿȥʰһ¡
Сˣܵʰʰɣ
Ȼȴû뵽ˣ⻰ֱӾסˣ׳ѵʲô˼
ʰ
ʰʲô
ʲôûʣ˳ӵسѵ˵ͷŮҡ
ܿҽˡ
ϴβȻж󣬳Ѿͽһʹҽ
ԴǴκʣµҽһԴȻͳѵҲԽˡ
֪ȻۣеҽĵֳԻ˶
Ҫǳȥ룬¶ûԸ
´Ȼ˶߲ˡ
ϧţǾҲû㣬ֻܸˡ
ҽʱ򣬴ȻѾ˴ϡ
᣷ֻһֱۡ
ϻӣָⶼӵסˣʲôҲ
ѻǺȻ壬ɫ̫ÿһҽ˵Ӳʣǿ쿴зӻ⡣
ҽһϽΧ˹ȥθȻ
Ȼ˾סˡ
󡭡ûʲôⰡ
ףԣƺ֮ǰһЩ
ѵǳʲôö
庮֢״Щ⡣
ҽ֣һˡ
Ҫû˵пܵã
УҪϸܴˡ
ôһ룬ҽٴθȻ
ǻûȷϣȻûӰԼķ˵ȻһˣûѺʹȻ
ۿʲô˵һɫŹ֣ͣظȻ
ѺʹȻ̲ס
ûûô࣬ǴȻ֮ǰлɣʱҽǵĶľͳȥ
жʱҽڵķӦࡣ
̫ҽӣЩ̫ҽҲǲķӦ
ڣЩҽ
Ѳɣ˶
ѺȵľƿǱö࣬Ҫ˶ǳǲҲ˶
Ȼ뵽ܣһľû
˲ֱ࣬Ӿŵʵǲжˣ
⻰һҽȫסˡ
ҲЩɵۡ
ж
ô
ǿǸողŴȥЩ趼˲Ϻȣֻ˾ơ
ȻжѲЩ⣿
ôܣ
ЩƿǶɩóģɩʲôɸ¶
Ѳɣﻹмϸ͵͵ھ˶Ҫ޻ɩ
Уøɩ˵һС
жǱߣҲдŹȥ
ɲС£
˵ƽʱ˵㣬ȴҲɵӡ
һ˵Ȼ˶ѾɿӦ֮ߡ
Ǽҽ±ˡ
ж
ûа
ҽԥŸô˵
ȻǸˣٴξŵؿڣ죡ǸϽүүпҲжˣ
ҽһ˲䱻ϢŻˡ
жˣ
ɲС£
һҽæԳ˵үñְŸ
˳ȥ
ҽ̿ʼ
Ϊ²ų˶Ķ
Ҫ֪ۿɾֻӣǵӣӶûУ
ڳȥ˱߹أ߾ʣ³Ѻ̫ӳ
Ҫǳѱ¶飬ǡ
ȥˡ
˭֪źţ;òԾ
󡭡˶ǳʲô֮
һֱҽɫŹ֣һĶʱȥ
ôǸġ
Բûоţ治ɫʵʲôˣеʲô
ҽԼˣֻС˵ү֡
ְȥ
ҽٴκֳѵȻжǳ˴֮
ǲȷһжأ
ҽѺ
ѵݵҪȴȻö࣬ڵ֪пж֮ҽȫΧųѣǰѴȻˡ
ڴȻδ
Ҳѳѿøء
ûãҪǳ飬㲻Ҳûˡ
Գѱúõģ
ѱҽΧһܿͲͷˣǺôõ׿ʲôˣ
-

486 ֮

ʣ˵ɣʲô
ҽ˭Ҳû˵
³ѸˣһЩ˵ˣԼĳ޽֮
Щ¡
ɫ䣺˵ô˵һưˣ
ҲϹս˵ģһ뵽ԼȻ˶ɱȻɷŵҽ
ҽǱŻˣðΣ˲˵ʵү󣬲ж
Ϊж뿳˵ĳѣ
Ӷ챻ˣ˵ûж
˲˲ӬıУеҽ۾ʣûжȷ
˭ȷ
ҽǾ˰Σ˵жǳĳִ֮̫ҽ
һ⻰ͱù
ж
ǳĳִ֮
˵ģѵȵƣ
ͺƣûԹġ
һʱ鸴ӣĬ˺ðβʵأ˶
˸ղŵľҽοڵͦɴࡣ
үĻҲǳĳִ֮Ҵƺܹĺ֢
ֻƺԵòܹ࣬һЩĺ֢ӦܹƲ٣á
£Ѿ͸ˡ
뵽Ȼղžġж֣ҽ˼Щþ
ʱβ²Ȼǻսóľ⣬Բȣ˵ǶۣҪ
Լ˶
˵ôɩûɸ¶
Ҫ£ɩѵѵ
̫űƣɩûС
ԭ˸
ɩǳԺöȻãȻΪɩ¶
Ժʲôȥɩ
ɩ׿ûУ
˵Ȼ£ɩҽæŶԡ
ûôǻ
ǲѾʲô
ҪԺôɩأ
ʱʹȻֻ˾ơ
ɸոҽ˵ǳ˴֮
ѲɣɩóľƾǴ󲹵Ķ
ǾƾȻܻȻĺ֢
ȻãֻһСڲ˵Ϊ˶
ƫƫĲ
¸ô죿
ɩҪǿˣȥҶɩ־ƺأ
뵽͸þˡ
ԴӴȻ˶һֱϧȻҪκ
ںòϣȴֳ¡
ѲЩˡ
˺һֿЩҽǵȷ˴֮ж
ҽ˵Լȷأ
ֻ˵Ͽ
ڵжǳ˴֮ǲҿ϶
һ֪µԲҿ϶
ǳȥȻȥ̫ҽϡ
ҽǶ˳ȥ󣬳ְźҲ˳ȥ
ֱֻʣʹȻųʵΪξ˶
Ȼʵ˵ֻ᲻ͣ
ԴǴβжڵĶ͸⣬˭Ų
ѣҲǲŵġ
ѣԼ죬ȴֵĳӣǵ£һҪѸˡ
ǰϵĸƫƧСԺ
սˣĸȴǸӵúܡ
սֳ¶£֪Լ˶ҲͲõ¡
Ҳףûвж£һֱڹûоεϣ
С̲סעս
Ƕ˶ֶ˵ͬ
սԸһս̫ҫˣǺõ˼ʡ
һα¶ˣж
ʹ͵ĻĵػɽڳرͷĲƱȻֵӡ
ôȴһӣȫױ
ǧۣ´󹦡
ѧҽˣ˶Ȼˡ
սôҫֺۣãҪС
ΪӣλҲȵģûȡ
Ľս⣬ȴҲ̲סʡ
δսʲôֻǻ̫СģԺսóľƺǾƵζ̫ãĳصħȥȸ࣬Ż̲ס롣
Ǿ⣬Ϊ˶ȴôҲû뵽ǾƾǴ֮ܹĺ֢
˵ףС֮ˡ
ȻԽԽֻ˵һ仰үҴˡ
ûԼѡ
εȷС֮ģŻþ˶
û޳ɳѻЩԾ
͵ƿ᣺󣬾ͿѾ档
-

487 ļ

ѱЩȻĴȻû˵ֵĻ
˵ףȻᱻ¶ǳġ
Ϊһ٣жҲɹ
ˣȥɩӣҲҪǾƸ
Ȼ⻰˲øˡ
͵˲˵ȥɣҲԣȥɩӵǸ
ͱȥˣ˵˷ףȥˡ
ѿϵۣ̾ȥϴɣС۾
ȻͲټˡ
ְο䣬ҴҸȥ
ս˵ˣζ䴽ǡ
Ȼǵ˼һ۾Ϳˡ
ôǰүүʱϵرȥ˵ǿ̬Ҳš
ﻹῴȻǵС˼
ǰ˾̫Сҽúܡ
ԽԽҪõô˸ֻ಻١
ʲôû
ȻǸСŮӰˡ
ǰڹ֮У޺󣬴󲿷ʱҲǴڽ
̫ᣬҲ̫
˵֮ǰ׾졣
֮ɷͶӾ죬̡
ȴ֪¶ӣʱܱѻ
ܳܵסִ
ӣ֪ԼҲñοһС
ȻڲЩɹѾǲˡ
Ȼ˼ɲζ͵ùŴȻ
˭Сˣ
ȻҲԴȻġ
սЦЦ䴽ǣ˰ѳ˽
ûȳѿڣ͹еʵϵɻã
ѶʱЩΣû˵Ȼսھ˶װµ˵أԴжӾͲ̫á
ս⻰ε˵ңȻôҪ¡ҪҸ˾ƣҲӡ
̫ҽҽô˵ģҪʲôҩ㾡ܸ˵
ѣ
ս־أ˭֪Ȼô˵
Ҳǣǵͺ˾ơպ꣬Ȼ˵ۣβأ
ѿսһۣ֮ɫ־ƵĻ˵ˡ
սΪȻǺ˾Ʋ
Ҫ־ƣ϶Ӧģỳɡ
Ȼɾ¶¿϶ս֪Ȼô룿
ֻȻˡ
תǽһ䣺ʵҲǲܺȾƣֻǡӲʣԲЩӦ
ԭ
սζЦЦ漴ת˻⣺ЩҲˣΣ
ʶЩ
Ѥɫʣʵ̫棬Щ
ֻһҪ˵ϡ䱦
뵽ѲЩź
ԥһ£ǰԼ뷨˵˳Щɶ칤ǡƺ̫Щ
սüζؿųѡ
ҳѺ˺ϻû뵽ѻǸļ̡
ѹá
ƣ֪ϡΪҪЩ̼ˡ
ζЦЦʵܾãΰţ
ѾͰԼĴ˵˳ҾǾã˵ϡΪȻҲҪ٣߼
⵹ûս˵ͷģôģ
ѾͰѼƻ˵ˡ
Ļź͹ѡʮǣͿӡ
ֻÿ̼ѡûѾȥ飬Ϣͻȷѡ
ѾϢȷųȥˡ
ս֮󣬷İŻ׵ʹӦ
󣬳ֽսɶ칤͵ȥ
սȻǴӦˡ
Ѳô˵ҲҪ͵ģ׼õġ
ΪֺۺŻʺ󣬸Ϊ˰ȥ
͸Ǵһ
νЧۺŻʺ˺öϢһµĴԹȻ׷Ч¡
οطǵȼɭϵĹŴ
ʵۻʺȫˡ
ǶûӵУ
սһ׼˶
ѵ˼֡
ѾǸļ̣뵽ЩԺǵĺɾ׶ˡ
սţ׼õ˳ѣ͵ȥ
ѵ˶Ȳؽȥˡ
ս׼ģһ԰˸ߵ¯
¯ɫѤͷƼķȻͱȽϴϸڴȴ쳣¡
-

488 Ϣ

սŻʺ׼ɵ辰
辰̬棬ÿһ仨ÿһƬҶӣǾϸ̬ʮ
辰֮⣬ս׼ơ
Ƶԭʵ͸ú͵Ʋֻ࣬ϻ˺ܶ˼ձú͵ô򵥡
˹ģǼûƽɣ
ͷ;ܵȼȷƯ
ǻƽЩأս˰ĿʽҪȻƽĸЩûô
Ƹ⾫ɣսҲһЩóѸ۸Żʺȥ
ѽʱڸԪ¡
˵Ѵ˶ƺТģۻͦ⡣
˹ԪһۣԪƺҲͦ棬ûȥֱ˰ѳѽ˽ȥ
˷أЦ
սȻͶǺò£
òôᣬɵúú԰԰ڡ
øƣҲǺТ˳ģ
Ƴ˹Ԫһۣû˷ֱЦеظȻȲ˵ʣͺöˣ
ۺʣŶʲôö
˷ܵɩӵһЩɺÿˣɩ˵ҪТʡ粻ڣ˶
һǶ˼
ǰòŵ˳ͽľӣ˵ر𱬣ս
ھȻЩʲô
ˣ֮ǰСӻ˵Ҫȫؿɹء
ڰͰ͵ظʲô
ͦ棬ճǸʲôӡ
۾ʣأ
Ц˵ͷأҪ𣿶ͽ
Ԫ⻰תת飬Īڴ
ۺܿӦˣͽɡ
һͿ첽˳ȥȻ˽
ӷڵϺԴӣ¶ͷ¯
ۺ͹Ԫ̺ؿ˹ȥ
ԶЩͦߣֺãԿû
Ԫ͸ֱˡ
ЩӴ򿪣Ȳ˹ȥ¯ơ
¯Ǽģɵ¯ǵһμ
ǣ¯ɫʾȻʮѤȱʯƯδġ
Ԫʣ͡ѵ¯
Ƴһۣǵ˵ͷɵ¯ͷһɫǣЩɫںϵʮȻһ塣
˵˰¯Ȼ˵ʣ¯ƯɣɩΪ¯ǻ˲˼
šص˵ͷ¯žѵãȻЩﲻǺϲǶϱ֪ҪТ⡣
ǹԪʵʽж
ⶫŻͦϡ棬Ҫȥ
һ񣬾֪ʲô
ȴ˵Щʱգ׼һᣬҪȤʱǿȥϣչ
Ԫ˲ҭסˡ
ųеƣ˲ʶνļᣬԲһ㣡
Ҫȥǲס
ңҪᣬʱ˭ͣ
Ԫ뵽·Ѿӡ
̴֪̽ᡭ
ȴ϶˵ʼˣɻҪ£Ҫ¸֪ɷ£
Ԫߡ
Ҫ˵Щʲôأ
ʾ֭Ҫҽµʱ۰˰֣˰䣬¡
ԪΣֻòʲԸ˳ȥ
ߺʳѣ˵ɣνʲô
ɫ࣬ȴЩڴ
СҪʲôᣬ϶ǱŻˮء
ϴξ˵ҪνѾмƻ˰ɣ
ǲ֪Сܸٸɹɡ
飬ȻùԪǸ֪ˡ
ҪùԪ֪϶ҪƤزһš
ʱ׬ǽ˽⣬ǽ⣿
ȷʵмƻˣǶˡ
ֻǾķֳɣøЩ̼ȷ
ֻ˵˼İš
ߵḶ̌û֪Ըӵ˵ʲô
뿪֮۾Ͱ¯˵۵λá
ȥŻʺȻų˹
ûȥսֻ˸Ϣ
̲ڣҪǾȥйµɡ
Ըñӵʱ򣬻ǵñӡ
սϢ󣬾͸״Ԫ
ǵڶġձϣ˼Ϣ
ͬʱҲ˰Ϣɢ˾ͷ
Ϣһܶ˶ˡ
-

489 ø

ٴֶ̼ھ˷ӣְˣ⾩ǵϢ
ר˾ֺ͸ˡ
Ϣͬʱ˽´Ϣ
̽ǵϢϽ˻ȥ
ѿǽ۵ճСӣ
ݶЩ̼˵νǸ߲ʡ
ȥĻᣬ˭Ķ
һʱ䣬ЩϢĴ̼־͸ŵѪζһ㣬һȲظǡ
һֱڰﶢţϢ˷ܵ˸սš
սϢҲЩ˷ܡ
ݶЩ̼˵Ҳߣܲһ˰Ѻôȫռˡ
һŮֲĶˣн١
ͦá
ѿ۵׶ӣȻڣȥںˡ
ֻŷֺͺá
洳ʲôҲô
սֵУɴѸ˼ϡ
һṆ̀۵˶ţѵܳԿˣ
սô˦ƹ
ѵڡ
Ҳ֪Լģֵµ˸֧Уî˾
˲Ӹдʫڱֽϡ
ʫ״ܿͻ˶ʫĳ
̼ҲĶúܣ޲ϳô
Ų˸ǣﶼ
ӨӨ붫£û˹עˡ
˵̫ӲҲˡϧͷи׵̫ʱſ
ӨӨ붫ʱ͵ˣ˵ǹģżݱӨӨﻹǾܡ
˾ñܡ
·ԽԽ̫ĶҲƵش
ÿ춼ڽӴˣҲ˺üȦ
ýӶԸˡ
ƫƫӾûһ˳ĵ¡
ҵġ¹ı״Ԫ¥ġĿ־ݺݱȥ
˵Ŀ־ųһڣڶʼû״Ԫ¥ʵڼթȻͶ壬ְ˸Ŀ־
˵ǴͶĸѡģǡĿ־ͷ
жٲģ
Դ״Ԫ¥Ͷ壬ְ˸Ŀ־ÿ춼вͶ塣
װѡ¹ıķͷ˹ȥ
㽭Ҳ翪Ͷ壬ȴԶԶ״Ԫ¥Ǳߡ
Ϊ˽д˵״Ԫ¥۵ˡ
ϢһЩҪϽĶȻǳܹ״Ԫ¥ﻹԸڽϣ
¹Ժˣ˵Ҳ͵͵Ͷ塣
״Ԫ¥һ̫ˣ˵Ǹ׳нҲΪ
õϢһ߰Щ˱壬һȴҲ²ѡ
ϢȻû˹ܣǾ˵Ϣģ
𽻹ĵ̫ӳȴֵطֳ񲢲Ļ
˵ӦģǾͲдˡ
״Ԫ¥۵ˣ
ΪʲôҪô
ѵԽң
ǲ֪ʲô
Դ֪Ϣһֱڵ£ﻹе
ϵ۵ڶǡ
ۿͷ·һУֻðϣ̫ӺͶĺͷ
öĺӹ̫ЪǶҲһ˳
ͻȻҪʲôᡣ
﹬ⶼͼᣬý𽳶˺üӣ
Ȼǳ˭֪Щǳ
һ¥ս
ȼ֮ǵ۴ǣ
˭֪ͽֵܣϵõúܣ
̫Ҳһĸͬ
ǵ״磡
ã֮𣬾Ȼֻ׬ӣЩ̼֮һôͲ֪ТТ̫״磿
ɺ޵ǣۺŻʺȻôţҲ֪ܹܣ
̫һȴûʲôǮĽ
ͷȫׯĲ
ðӣҲࡣ
ı¥սģ
û˳ӨӨͽ˶
ĵЪ
ýֳ˺üӡ
Ҷ̫ѾŵﻹеҶ
Ҳֻ͵ųˡ
ܽӨӨξᣬϢԶԶ˿
ڱ߹صĳ̶Ϣ
߹أҵȻؽţеϢҲ˹⡣
⣬ڼӣ½һ
̫䣬ԭ϶˴ţ򣬺ܶ˶ȥһǾҪȥˡ
˭֪ʱȻ˿ͨеϢ
ܶ˶š
Уļٵģò֪ǵļƻƭǵİɣ
-

490 ϶

ŻеϢ
Դ򽨳ʹδͨй
˵Ǿ´ȲݣҲûɱ
˫ĳԹ˵ѾãԽԽ
ʱȻԸ⿪ͨУ
ƭذɣ
϶壡
ǲŲţ
ôʱ򣬴ҪͨеϢ
ѲйܣѾ֪Ҫ½ӵϢǰ׼
뵽ܣĹϵ˲ý˶˸˹ᣬ͵͵š
ֺǾȥ̽Ϣ
ͬʱǲһ֧ȥڹפϢо
ٶȿ죬Ķ󣬸ʧأòײϳһ߹ء
©Ϣûҿ̫פñȽԶֻ߹أץ˱вЩذǴ̽Ϣ
ڣֳҵˮ·档
ԽԽ̼ǰó˾еǼǡ
ÿҪó̼֣ݣ֮ͨٽһ֤𣬾ܹȡóơ
ÿһƶбţʱЩóƻΪӡʹãıӡϡ
պ⣬ᰴѰˡ
̼ǽɵı֤Ҳͬ
ó˾涨˿ɽ׵Ʒ࣬һЩȽеƷΰͣҶ֮࣬Ҫɵı֤ҪЩ
֮⣬еǼǵ̼֣˲ͬĵȼ
׵ߣűҵȣ֮ࡣ
ɵı֤Խ࣬ҲԽߡ
׵̼ȴǹ⿿ɱ֤ܹϣøݽ׺˰
еĽ׶û⣬ʵ˰ܹϼ׵ȡ
ֵ̼ĵȼ޶˽
ֻеȼߵ̼֣ܹдڽסǵȼֻ̫ͣҵְ̯Сס
ɵı֤𶼻¼ڰպ󲻴ó⣬ֻҪû£˻֤
Ϊиտ׻ûʼ̼ﻹûʲôס
Զҽ̫ı֤𣬾Ǯһó˾ĿڴҲò
еÿµ˶㱨
̼ǽɵı֤ȻҲᱨ
̶Դ˵ǲô⣬Żһ϶ס
ʱЩֳ̼ͷȻԸɸǮȼ
УڷսóЩӸ⣬ÿ춼Ҫȥ￴
½ѿ󣬾˷ܵúܡ
Ȼ˵ЩӶǿԳԵģΪδԴ˶ǽŽɡ
ЩӣҲġ
ֻǱЩֵӣǻǶԻи⡣
˭֪һгɹ߹ؾпܼս¡
ҲԾ
Դӳ߹أһֱмű߹صһжͬʱбų̣ڱ߹س¡
͵ñڴ̽Ϣȴ֪ԼһһƤӵ¡
ιӣ˶ʮ֧ǧۡ
߹صĽ컹ǵһοıһõֺͰ֣ϡ˯ʱ򶼵ñţ±͵ˡ
ҲǧۣǸĳǧۺν绢
һͱˡ
Ϣһʱ䴫߹أ֪˾䡣
Щز̽ϢıҲˣ̾͵˰Ϣ壬û˰ץ˰Ϣ͸ȥ
ûãפڹ͵Ϣ
ģ
͢ҪͨУ
ѾԽԽĻط˹
ˡ
Ǵˣлֱӿأǽأ
ڲܿ˷硣
һּģֱá
ʣµģúƽױȽס
òԸ⿪ͨУֱӿе¿϶Ҫƣ
ˣԺô죿

ҲǺǵġ
ҪǽףҪʲôȥף
Щ˿Ǽթúܣ
һ磬˫ʼû̸£
һֱȥʱ򣬱߹ִµϢ
˳ǽڵĳǽʮּ̣ܲô
̼ĻﶼڹڣҪ͵ôȥ
˵Ϣԭֽ֧ӵǰˣʱͣ˲١
Ȼû̸£ĴȴѾֱ
Ϣĵڶ죬Ž׵ˣһ֧ǰ߹أ̸С
ǵȥ˵ĻУжٳ⣡
ͬʱ޳ҵ࣬Ѿӡ
޽ûô죬ȴӳʱͰ
ֵȫӣڳĿƷЩ岻ġ
Ǽǹֻ̼Ҫ̯λѣͿԴӡ
һĲ߻ĻУʹĻ
-

491 ɳв

ҵϣȻشӡ
òҪͨУ̼ǽ˱֤ȻҲϣλܹɹ
Բӵʱ򣬶˲˼
ҲͦģϾǱߵ̬ȡ
Ȼͨ͢УǱҪǲԸ⣬¾ͳɲˡ
һûǻʧ
̼Ȼ˼ȴҲӣԲгͶ̫
Ļ󲿷ֶ˵ؽͷ
ֻٲֻʽеʱ˵ΪƷ
Ը⽻׵ɳܿ˱߹ء
ǵʱ򣬳ųţΪʱ򣬱ߵʿ䶼أڸԣ̽Ķ
⻹˲Сͱݣƽջ
һֵ飬Ǿͻȼ̡
֣ûŵ¾ͱصʿˡ
̽Ϣ˳˽Ǣѯʻģһ֧º󣬲ûбֳ
ͷаľŵĹٻ˵ǵ⡣
Ƕܾ裬ľҲ⡣
ûп̫˴˼˲ʮԶӡ
ѾܽˣֻҪ˵һЩԷ
ûֻҪֲԾǾͿ̲뿪
ľʵģб˵ǵү׼ͨУǲģ
˸۶˵Ǳ˵ġ
˻ɵ̽ϡ
еʿҲڷţһ͵ͷķԸԶ׼ľĻһСߺȵȻģ
ү˵̫䣬ǵҲùԸ⿪ͨУǽףЩʳǡ
ʵʳ£ٱʿ䶼ͦ
½ӣ˫֮˵Ѫ
ǰͲȫɾ˲źá
ھȻҪʳǣʵ̫ˣ
ͷ˵ˣʳ㻻ġ
Ҫʳ͵ƥ߽ĶС
ΪϢʿǲž˲١
ҪʳƥĻ⻹ǿġ
СĻҲΪӡ
˵ʵǶҲûøС
ڵĴýɽǵģ
Щˣǵūѹ
Ǻ˾Ȼ췴Ǹ˳ռƬ彭ɽ
ǲòصԭϣųϦĿӡ
ʱ򻹺ãһ죬ѩ͸ëƵᶳţ򣬻ᶳǡ
һСģͿܱ
θأ
ƾʲô˾ͿռƬúɽȴֻڲԭϹӣ
̫ƽˣ
ÿӲùʱǶ̲סһ
ϧҲ׺úܣÿ£ռ˴ˣõʱʲô˵Ҫɱ䣬òǱӻزԭϡ
ڣүȻ˵ǵӲùԸ⿪ͨУʳǡ
үòвɣ
ǣ񴫻Ϣ˵үǸɱ˲գ۵
ǰûٸɱǲԭϣ
ĻǵӺòù
òɣ
֧ϣ˽׵ģ뵽̵Ǿ̲ס衣
ҪǲףѵҪӣ
УĿǳ̣
˿Ǹɱ׺úܡҪ֪Ҫˡ
һãĸպأ
ҲףҪˣǼҵŮ˵ҪȥҲҪɱ
Խӿ϶У
˵
̵ܳʲôĿģֻҪԸ⿪ͨУʳǣ͸ף
ľܿʵλУʳ
СȻУЩʳү˴˹ġΰ͡ҶˣҪʲôҪģҲֻҪǽƷܽס
ľԣͳʹ˸ɫȻһ˾䣬ʣµΧһСֹ
ʲôҪûУ
Ҫǲǡ
ҲҪҼҵûˣ
ҪԸǾͺˡ
ľ⻰̾˿ǲף˶ܿأ϶Ը
ⶫҪء
һ̲סǰｳûãæôãȻ첻
һɫʮѿ
ǲԭҲģϧߵ˸ó
ÿ½ӵʱǶرעȥץĽˡ
ϧܹץģЩ佳ˣĶ̫ˡ
õ϶½ӵʱûġ
-

492 ̽

ľ뵽ԼõҲĶѡ
ȻرǶرá
ֿ⡣
չ޺öˡ
ϧǵУҪֻܴ취
ֻǼΪ䱸Ըǣ
ڰľʱֿˡ
ҾûǵʣǶԸ⿪ͨˣһӦأ
ǣ˵
ľʰɡ
ľ˵ͷȻűݵķߺȵҪԽ𣿡
ΣСĬһ˵Ҳ̫ǿȥó˾ˡǿ¯ӣúģرá
Ǳú¯ӣȿȡůֿˮʲôġ
ľֹһһ˻ȥţʣµȥơ
ȻҪðЩյģЩܱɳӶС
ˣǿɾ˴󹦡
Բ˶Ըðա
λڳƣ壬ҲȰѸɣ
ܲھͿǡ
壬ǻʲôµģ
ľ˾ٴʵڿԽأȥ˵ó˾𣿡
С˵ǿԽȥȵȵȣ֪ͨ˹ǡ
ľԥһ£ǴӦˡ
Ǵ˾裬˵ǿȣҪ˻ȥš
ҲǸ̽
Ҫ˲ӦεĻп϶塣
Ӧˣ˻ȥţ˾֪ô¡ҪǳˣҲǱ
СӦøɴࣺԡ
ϾǵһοͨУ˫лԹȻǻţ˭Ҳ˭
ͷѾЩʿ䣬Ƕ֪λеҪԡ
ͦҲ¡
ѾϢμ½ӡ
ʱЩδܹ
ҪǻܹɹǶܻ
СӦ󣬰ľʮ˻ȥš
֧ܹʮˣȥʮ˺󣬾ֻʣʮˡ
ڴ˵϶࣬һصĻܹƴɱһġ
ʮ˻ȥ󣬰ľʹʣµ˵š
ۿű˵ȼ̡
˶̶İۿһܵؾ
ȴ֪߾ǧۣʵǵټͱ˷ˣ̶ԷҲ֪
ڵȼ̣Իǰˡ
Ȼ̶ûȼȴ֪ټֲǰ׳գ²ͷйŹ֣
ǧۿ֪ˣ
ȻҪȥǾ̫ˡ
̵ȼһһͳ˳
ֻжʮˣֻ࣬һ롣
ȻʵϣѾ·ϡ
֧صʱҪʵͰˣҪǸˣУɲкùӳԣ
ǰľˣֻжʮˣԼͬ˿ͬʱ̲סԵá
ȻУ
ǲԶˡ
˫򵥽һ£ڶȥ
ʱĹ⻹úܣۿȥΧĲݶǻƵģûȾɫ
˱߳ǺԶԶֵ
ű߳ԽԽܿ쿴ĳǽ
ǽѾȫˮˢһ㣬˵ģȻɫЩ֣ȴʮƽ϶ûС
ĳǽҪôȥ
ֻһۣ;Щء
εˣЩͬˡ
ǽЩɫĵʲô
ǽôƽ
ľһǾʳǵĳǽЩһˡ
ͷЦ¶ڰǲһˣǰĳǽ̫ˣصǽ޲һǽ޲֮󣬾ͳˡҪǺĻԴս
ľڵİ۾ﲻЩʡ
Щ˾ǽ˵רŵˢ߸Σݶôס
ǲԭ˿ûô
ľи̣ȴʶսٰͣ¶
øղ˻лԥ֮󣬻Ǿȥǳǽզ¡
ǧѷĻᣬײ
ֻۿˣ֪Щ˵ڸʲô
ľʵҿԴǹȥ𣿡
ˬػ˻֣ȥɣ
ˮ֮ӸԭӲͦԶҪۼǶǿž͸һĶˮٸ֮󣬾Ȼ˼Ӳ
ľһԿ̴˹ȥˡ
Сǽͷϸƽǽ
ȫɴ˫ۣȻǿʲô
-

493 ҰĲ

һǽʮƽӲġ
˵˲ó
ǽߵúܣǰͲȥڱҪȥǸˡ
ʲôʱĺö
ǵĽ˼ʰôûôĽˣ
ľֱð뵽ͷĴͻȻ־ˡ
Ҫʲôֱ֪Ӵ϶á
ολɱү
ڣҪĻؿ϶ռˡ
Уǵ뷨ӴٳλвУ
ǲ֪λүǸʲô˼
ôͻȻҪǻأ
ͷʲôı
һԵؿţ˭Ҳûߴ١
ֱüӹȥΪ׵СŴЦ˵λˣǽ޲òɣ
͸ҫ⡣
ľʮֲʹ죬뵽λУ˶
˶һۺ󣬰ľ˵ǽ޲úܲι˵үҪͨС֪޲ǽĶ𣿡
⻰һǵɫò̫ÿ
Ҳ¶ǿҵĵ
ǵˣҪͷԸˣŵɱȥˣܵǽ
˵ãȻ빺ǵˮ࣡
õ
СЦȴûֱ˵УǴŹǻеľó˾֪ȥó˾ʡ
ľҲûָܴӦֻҪ̽ˡ
Ҳ̽˽
һ޲ǽĶˣɼⶫԲһ㡣
Ķǲǡ
ǵ뷨ӣܲŪһЩ
ľ⣬ϵ򶨵úܣûа˼¶ϡ
ֻ˵ȻˣǾȥó˾ɡ
СֱӴӦˣ
ȻʹŰľȥó˾
ȥó˾·ϣľ˻ٽֵ̣а̯С
鲻ЩĪ
Щ˳ʱѾϳ˱߹أص˲ԭϡ
Ȼ½ӹֻҰկһЩӡ
δɹƳǹ
ǴկӵʱͷѾҲ
ڣһƬͣ
Ȼϵ˶ھؿǣɰ̯ӣҲš
ǻδľ
ԭҲ˰̯ȫһ
ǣҲûôַġ
뵽ľˡ
ͻȻףΪʲôŻصƬطˡ
̫ˡ
ķ޷ġ
ôҲ뵽ԭ˵ĳġ
ƾʲôأ
ҶˣƾʲôǾҪڲԭϣסĵط
Ȼԭ۳Ҳǳܹ˯˵ķҪںõöࣿ
ľĿƵشЩӣͷһƬȡ
һֱЩΪ׵Сľ
ɫشŰľ¶ΪҰĵĶһĲ˳
鿪ͨУǶԵ
ȫ׺ݵĶǣɲġ
һ·۲죬ľһڵó˾
ľ˽ȥʱߵһţЩǰǼǵ̼֡
ó˾ѾϢľ˹ȥʱѾ׼ˡ
ó˾󣬰ľ˵ɫٴ˱仯
·ϵʱ򣬾;˵ķ޵Ư
ó˾󣬾Ȼͷ˻ݲݡ
Ȼ˾ǽ
ЩûõĶ
ľȻи̣ȴ̲ס࿴˺üۣԼҲסĴӡ
ڲԭסĶͷռޣɲ˵ķôԺӣͷֻ
ԺӺ󣬰ľ˱һĴӡ
ͦӣ֮仹˷εĲ輸
ľ˽ȥ󣬾ͿһЩ
Ȼȴûôֻ࣬˶ʮӡ
ҸŰѣѲŰλϡ
ʱλѾˣľŰֱռˡ
ľԥһ£λһŹ۵˵λ
˵ͬʱָָұߵӡ
ľʹͷ߹ȥϡ
ֻоŰѣʣµֻվӺͷ
ľº󣬺ܲϰߣҪƣ¶ֻǿŲ
ûӣڰϣϯض
ôӶˡ
λϵģó˾˾ó˾¡
ȼ˾֮¡
Ͼľ˲ǲӣûߣ˾ԽӼҲ̧̫ˡ
-

494 е

ľɲʶλϵʲôˡ
ԷĹ۶ʶ
鷳úܣʽ߯Щǣ򵥵úܡ
Ҳ֪Է˭ò̫Ͳ˷ʱ䡣
ֱʵʱѾ˵ˣүҪͨУҪʳǣ֪ǲģ
һ¾˵Ȼм٣⻥ܷɹͨÿǴ󺹵˼
˵춳˺ܶţˣϣԲ£ͨС
Ѿ̼һЩʳиʳ·ϡֻǲ֪Ҫʳ
֮⣬ڱ߳ǵʳ࣬ɱҲ١
Ҫȶʳ͵ùԹԽףӵ⡣
ľͷһ̲סʵѵ˵뵽ʳǾ٣
ЦЦʳսʣҪʳԣֻƥ
սʻ˵ģ֮󣬾Ͱѽ׵ĻƷΪսʺʡ
սʵĽףƶ
ҪһǱƥ
ҪûԸʳˡ
˵ľ˵ûôȡ
ǲЩǶģȻδضྫͨǺܶ໰
ͷľѧá
ö˵
µĻһˣʦͨսʡ
ʳⶫȷʵҪǸϲţ⣬Ҳܹ⣬ܵóЩġ
ζ춳̫ţȻůЩЩССţҪҪЩʱ
ο̫䣬ݵ϶ûٲݣţԵġ
Ҫţ󣬻ÿϡ
ǵҲҪϲС
Ȼ϶ö١
ҪǿҪȥˣҲἯϾӣƴʳϡ
˵Ը⿪ͨУǽףǾ̫ˡ
ľ뵽ʵǻҪϣԽ𣿡
Цŵ˵ͷȻԣҲսʣҲƥ
ľ룬ƥļֵɲͣս͸ֵǮˡ
ϲŶǮ
ƥҲǲС
ֽʣǻҪأòҲսʰɣ
°ЩࣺȻսʡ
ʵкܶ󳼶Ըó˾¼֣²˿ڡ
ڹؼսʣҪף͵ͬȵսսʵڲУʯҲԡ
ЩɲǰľԾģ˵ûȥʴ󺹵˼
¶Դ˲⣬ҲûָľֻܹǸˡ
ЦЦ˵ʳϺ֮⣬ԽΰͣҶʳǣú¯
⣬ǻչǵţƤݣëǿԶһЩţƥֻҪмжն١
ľ⻰;ˣǻչë
ٴε˵ͷûµ˼˵ǵţ򲻹ëҲչ
ľ˳˼
ϵëܳÿɫʱ͵üëȻ̫ˣԼͻë
Ů˻ὫëϴɾȻȾɫ̺֯
˺ôϲǵ̺ӡ
ǰż͵͵ǽףЩ˶ǵ̺ӣÿν׶ֻҪӡ
ҪǿͨкǵëǸ
ţƥСɲס
ëÿ궼ܼ
ҪǶһЩǼë϶ܸࡣ
Ƕȥ׬٣
ľ뵽ͷȡ
ðΣѹеļٴʵǳЩǻʲôԽ׵ģ
¾ûϸ˵ˣֻ˵Ȼʽͨʱ򣬻һҵ֣ҵȫܹ򵽵Ķ
ҵֻܽף򣬱þó˾С
˵ͻȻ֡
ľ˼״˲侯ܵץס˵
ȻͿһȺ˶룬ͣǰ
ÿ϶һľϻӣҲ֪ͷװʲô
ľؿһֱ˵¡
λȻ£һֱֻһ˿ڣһ˾Ǹ壬ͷβû˵һ֡
ȻһΣͻȻˡ
Űľ˵Щľϻǵһ⣬ǿԴȥʽУԸ⽻ףѻ
ľ⻰ʹǰľϻӡ
ֻͷһƤƺ¼ʲô
-

495 

ľɵؿǾƤԥƬ̺󣬽Ƥ˳Сչ
չ֮󣬹ȻдһЩ֣ͼ
˵̫ЩͼǼ򵥺öֻһ۾ʲô˼
ͷ˼ڴԱƥ
ͷԱͬƥεƥҪЩ
Ǹ˵ĻЩͼ˼ͺܺˡ
ľһ󣬺ܿʶƤ滭ģǼĿ
Ǹȷһ£ʳļ۸񣿡
ƤϻĶеͼر󣬰ľȷûʣ֪Ϳ
µ˵ͷó˾ĲοۣҲλеĻƷԴȥ˺úÿ
ľ͵˵ͷ˵֪ˡ
˵ʹ˸ɫ
ǣЩ˷׷״򿪺ӣ鿴ͷĶ
ľؿȥֻĶ໹ͦࡣ
ΰͣҶˣˢۣϸ޲·Ưǿ飬ľͷӣ
Щľͷϸϸģûָͷ֣Ҳ֪ʲôõġ
һȻǾӣ
⾵ȴָǰͭһ
⾵ֻаƴͷи
ģյرʵȴ֣Ҳ֪ʲôġ
ľ̲ס࿴˼ۡ
žӵľϻӾڣñȽ
ϧ˵ĵ̣Ȼúܣȴ붪˵һֱţûаѾ۲졣
ֻڸڿš
˺üۺƿĿ⣬ЩֵľͷӣʵЩʲô
Цóһ֧Ǧʣһ±Űľڼ±д֣Ȼ˵ǦʣԴϣʱд֣Ҫĥī
ľԣȴûʲôȤ
˸ֽֽ˵ûʲôôúܣŪơ
ǵƤӺʹ
Щ֣ȻһǦʸǣûʲôô
ľи̣ȴ֪ЩﶼǾϸѡġ
͵ȫЩôֵǮ
ģǻƽ鱦ʯû͸ˡ
ǦԴӷܻͦӭ߳ͷнר۸˵úܡ
ЩͷΨһϡģ澵ˡ
ģ˵ˮ͸ĲˮġһҪյҲ
ˮ͸ˣҲʡ
˵Ӿ֪ϡСء
ǻȥ󣬾ͲЩ˹᲻ģ
ΨһҪĵģЩ˲ʵףֱӴ
֤ǵҲ̫ġ
˵սһɱǰ͢ΧʱȫӲɱһѪ·˳͢ķҲ֪ǲġ
λôǾкϷˡ
ʱ˺Ȼͬһӣȴ˼죬ռԷıˡ
ľֿЩûʲôҪʵĺ󣬾;ȴ˻ȥ
Ǳ뾡Ϣȥ
Ҫףܵûȥ׼
ľҪߣû˳ȥ
ҲΪ˷ֹ˵ҡ
ĸӳ磬ͻȻܵˣӾʹˣ
һԡ͡£Ҳ̷
ľ˵Ƕû¡
ǱҪ׵ģŻᱻɹ̽Ϣ
֪˵˼Ǹ뽻ˡ
⻥ֻҪܹȥԺܶţƥԴԴϵˡ
ʱǵӿ϶ܹԽԽãõĵ˶ʱûԵģţҲ
һ˱ɣȫӿٶȡ
һֱǰݴͣŰľԸٶȲȥ
ǾôһֱţȵľԽԽԶʧڵƽϺ󣬲ŵתͷ˱߳ǡ
ó˾˾Сϡ
ԶĵطҲš
ľ뿪ó˾¾ȥ˾Ѱľ˵ķӦȫ˵ˡ
˾̡֮
ģڻһ·ǳģ³˲ӡ
˲Ǻô򷢵ģĶԷҰģֱӹ
ԵϢ󣬾Ȳظ˹ԼĵǸ˳̡
ȴģ֮ûжı飬ֻ΢΢˳ǣ˵Ǳ޻أ
Դû浶ǹɱˡ
ι
-

496 ˵Ĵ

˾̵Ļһ˲˶¡
λ²Ưɱ˵ĹƯ
µ겻֪ж٣ᵣǰ˴
˵ãͲöԷ
˾͵͵ĵ׸̣ȴ֪ˡ
Ҫ֪ǰڱصʱ򣬾;ɱԭȥɱĶӡ
˾ǣҪȥɱ˶㡣
вҪǰû¸ɵʷ
κò׽ŻеĻ߹أ̻ЩҪɱԡ
Ҫλ̫ҪһڵľսԣѾɱԭȥˡ
ڣͿЩ˹ˡ
ǹֱӴŻףɱ˵ĽڣǻܱסһС
ȻĻֻܸͷˡ

ľһ·񱼣ܿص˴פĵط
˺ܶಿ壬δǸġ
Ȼղӡ
ȻսսҲ࣬ζ̫䣬ǵʧ̫ˡ
ټϣڲͰһ顣
ӵʱ򣬻÷û̲˭ҲҰѾȫɳš
һܹɳȻͲˡ
ľ˻صӪʱ򣬴ӪѾȵЩͷˡ
ۿľƽЩ˲˿
֮һȲѯ
ǽ𣿡
ǲʲôı
еĻǼٵģ
˵ԸǻУ
ûмλ

ѯʵʵ̫࣬ľֻһش
ľ˵ǽˣƺĴǻСȻûмǵǶٵġ
ǵĹԱ׼ǴѾ鿴ˣͷһƤ˸ļ۸
ľ˵ͰѲڻƤ˳
ͷǿ˹ȥһ鿴
Ƥ֣ϧûܿôʶֵģҲϲȫֻɴ¡
ڣһɴҲƤϵ˼³߰˰ˡ
ͷһϼƣͻȻ˸ļ۸Ȼ㹫ǰ˽ʱ򣬻ҪЩ
˵˵ò࣬ȷʵҪˡ
ʱʱܻвҪ͵͵Ǵǡ
Ϊ͵͵ģÿεĻ࣬ٵúܡ
ҷ̫Щյļ۸Ҳߡ
ֻսӡ
Ϊ䣬Բϡ
˸ļ۸񣬾ȻЩ˽˵ļ۸ܹ͡У˵Ǽ£
Ҫ˻
ͻȻͨУ᲻ʲôı
ͷǾôԥ
ľ˵ǵٵ˵ˣëж٣Ǿն١
⻰һԭһĽӵģʱҲҡ
ȻǶȫûкøУһҪѴȥ˱ǵū
죬ǵʧʵ̫ˡ
ڴȥĻЩòʧ
˵Ը⻥УǿȸǽףȻôʳ׳ʵ
ȵԺʱˣɱȥ
˼ԭӵ˼˲ûôᶨˡ
ͷһһ¾˵
˭Ҳܿ϶εĻеǲ塣
ȻˣǾȻȥ׼Щţƥ˹
ȵеʱ򣬾Щ˹ȥԡ
ôһ룬û˼ˣܿ˸Ե񣬲Լͬ£ѯţƥ
ë϶ûеģֻܴţƥ취
˵ʯҲǸķӡ
ǵУ뵽һѺõǳѡ
ǵȻһˣȴÿ˶˵
ֻ˲䵶ǹǶ䡣
ÿνӵʱҲרȥ˵䵶
ʯҲС
ôʯóȥ뻹Щġ
ܹ˽ǣǸöã
ͷǲԼͬ£Ȼѯţƥ
һǲԼͬش⣺ĶͶݵţƥȥ˽ף˳̽̽˵ĵߡ
˾ͷǺܿӪ׷׸ϻؼұȥˡ
û֪ǣǵĶȫ
ǧۺ󣬲̫Ϳͨǧ۲˵Ķ
ۿӪȥǾͲµЩ˵ľ
Զȥ֮󣬶ڲݵĳ̽Ϣ˻ȥ
յϢЩź̾˿Ȼȥ鿴Щ硣
Ϊ䣬ӵķѿǺ롣
ӷѿͦ
-

497 벻

̿󣬾Ͳս
뵽սһھЩζ
ھǣս
Ǹ˻ˣ
ԽԽʹ죬綼ÿˣԸһֱź󣬾ͺסĵط
һʱ̲סʵоţ
һĪʶҡҡͷү޾š
⻰̵ɫ͸ˡ
ձǺģȻŶд
ǲˣķ
ǳɻ鶼ûأͻȻֿձѵһ㶼
ϧսȻҪ֪뷨϶һ԰ۡ
֣ʲôõĵģ
ߵʱ׼˲ҩأ̱˰㣬˶ҲܾȻ
Ҫģ
˵ˣԳ̵֣ܹ㵽˵ö
ԼȻͲ¡
ȴûЩƻˣֳ嶯ܻؾսˡ
⣬ȻͺЦˡ
Ҫʱܻȥ۷ǵñӳɣ
ͻȻЩ̲סʵүڵʲô
̿ɲ֪˼ȻñЦ
߳ŭݺݵһۣʲôõĵģʼȻ˵ñֻ֮£Ȼٸ⡣
ѻϴһ£Ȼһһ˦ˡ
ȥ󣬳ʶ鷿ķҪսдš
ԥһ£־ҪôˣԵһŮ˶磬ǶƵ
ʱս֪ôЦأ
ôһ룬͸⣬ǿеƣӲûսдš
һȥ̶ǿûд
ֻǣɫҲһһˡ
ŵЩһľսģôҲ׵˭ˡ
ڳһ벻ˡ
֮ǰɳȥ޷棬Ȼˣ
̿޷ʱͦȣ̲סʵôˣ
޷ЩԹؿ˳һۣ˵ӸĵġȥֵʲôѾ鵽ˡ
Ͱ¸ˡ
޷Ļ˺һŰ¸
ٿ޷ͷ϶մŻңһ糾͵Ŀӣһ䣺㶼鵽ʲôˣ
޷˵ֵܻ󣬾ڰһ¡һƺͦ
ǲ֪Ӻδ˵ģ׻£ΪݵĶ£ŸһĻԼͬأصķˮ
°̫̫ˣֱӴһ̫̫ҲŲˡͳϱʹδΪ²øˡ
ֻʣdһ˳ţã˵һֱ峤ͷһֱ
dԳ֣ˣҲͬⲻһأˡ
dڷĹԽ®ӣĹһֱأΪд
˵£ͦɻǼң˵º󣬵Ƕdмӡ
𣿡ֱЦˣdǸǰһ޳ܡǵãؿʱǸþ͹ͷҽȥˡ
޷Ҳǵ£˵𣬾͵˵ͷЩм˵˵ûdȷڹ
Ҳݵġʱ䣬Ȼôס˲®Ҳ¶
̲ʵû
޷϶˵ˣڲ®סûþͲˣСҪĹ㲡Ҳ뿪®
̺棺ôû
޷ıʱùŹԥƬ̺˵ڲ®ú¯ӡ
˲Цô˵ǲܲ
޷ŵӣЩͬdˡ
̫ףdô͵ˡƳ飬dˡ
Ȼ޷治֪ǣdʵǱˡ
d̸Ū
ʵ没ˣ
޷ͷȷʵˣ˵Ǵˮ˾ţָ˷纮һֱûãҽ£˼ᣬⲡˡ
⻰һЩֻ뵽޷û˵ǣЩʧʱû
ûС
ûָ˲١
⻰޷治˵³ȥɱǡ
Ҫ֪ˣ϶ֵõ̲
̾ͺʧ󣡡
ôûأֻ˶˸ɾ
-

498 ̵

Σյ뷨ðβŴŪd⡣
һͻȻðһμ䡣
Ǹãƺܲ
ǲǸóȫǶأ
뵽Щɻ֣ô֪ø鲻ģ
ˣҪ
ھˡ
һԵ޷͵͵ɫԽԽĻš
ʲô飿
ģ뵽ʲôˣ
޷ֱҪùˣ
ʱͻȻֱ塣
޷ų̷Ը
Ȼ̺ܿ˵ȥıã鵽󣬾ô
˵ʱ򣬳ѹ
Ͼʲôʵ飬˶಻á
ôǸھȻһŮˡ
޷İţϵı鲻ϱ仯
ԽԽͬǸá
ֻôҲ벻ףЩ˵ˣ̾Ȼְ취Ըǣ
˵󣬿޷ʣס𣿡
޷˵ͷȻ˰κ̲סʵӣǱϾǸСô᲻ᡭ
ߵߣ˭˵޹ģͻҳ£˵޸ˣôǰǡ
˵ֱ̫׳޷
飿
ôڰæ
ǣæģ
̼Ƕᣬ˵ô£ô򵥵ĵ벻ף
ǻǸ˳˼ңԺô죿
ʱ͵͵βһֱűˣǶ˵ǲƽ
δӼ޸ȴűˡ
޷̲סˣӣ
شϳ̣Ǻ˵¿ɲȢŮˣ
ѾˣŲҪͷϴأ
ŷŹ
˵ϢȥɣһϾˣŮӸ˳ף˵˱һӡ
޷⻰ͻȻûϢˡ
̶ô˵ˣǵ·У
˵²Ϣͳ
̶ʱⲻѣ뵽ôȥҲͦףʹ󷢴ȱóһֵһٹıΰòģȥ·Ѱɡ
޷´ϲϽ˹ȥѸͷֵͷһٹᡱ󣬸ϲʤ
ģ㿴࣬Ը⵱ˣ
޷жѣ𱦳Դǵر֤ӷģһףճɾ
ţȥɡ̰˰֣һͬظпⲡҲ֪ܲܺãģҪǾôȥˣǿɾҪˡܹһŮҲǼ¡
޷棺
˵Ļô;أ
Ӧòֻɣ
ӵʺţ޷ܿ뿪ˡ
̰ߺ뵽ҪճɾͻȻ鶼
֣ô;Ӧһأ
Ҳ֪ձûС

ǣ
սɰ˵ųѵһϵаţЦġ
ѱϾӣ̲ڣŴȻһҲþȥ
οϴǼºҲûȻȥ
ﵽЩġ
Ժûȥʲôţùȥһ
սܴܲδζһ¡µһȥʱԼˣ֮Ͱ½ɰɰ½ӣȻٻ
һж˳Ͼѵݲһ㣬û˸һ顣
еӵģۺŻʺĿԼұӺأ
ų˵ºȥ˳ѣҪϻ
ǳǰðΣհһҲ٣Ϊ˲ˡ
ڲϸܾܾ
ʹӦˡ
ų뿪󣬲ź֪ս
Ÿս
սȻΪ˵²ΪóԺ
û˵ʲôֵĻóѸжѣڴȻǷɣҲԽˡ
ģΪ˰Ѽãݺݴ׬һʡ
ϧص̼ЩԶΪǰģȻҪǸϹ
һʱģỹˡ
ųЩסˣȻȥ˳ų
Դλͱ쳣͵
ûŽųҲ֪ԼĴΣա
һֱֻ֧ĵ۵ģֵϾǱɥֵܾͲôá췴Χ˹

ҪûŻʺ׽㣬Ѿûˡ
Բò͵
һΣסˡ
-

499 δ˥

ųԱݵʱԶԶͿһϤӰſš
ʶɴ˫ۣͿ˹Ȼûߡ
࣬е׵ܵܡ
ųԲһᣬҲ
ʶһ
ų͵ŤͷЦŴ⸱Ӹʲô˵ɣҵʲôĿģ
ųɫһڣõôҵģ
ųɫһּЦôĲҪؼǣôġ
ųԣصңñ»ô룿ڴҺôֵһķϣܵҽһҸ档
ܻڲףɱԼǻʺѾ㺦ùˣͱټˡ
ų˵̲סڡ
ۻǷʱųΪ˸ĵ۾ңȻصظдţ̽
Żʺʱûܼʱ͸¶Щ
۷ˣ²ꡣ
ųôԼˣųܸɫŹ֡
ҪǿŻʺϣûˡ
ųųĻɫ˲쳣ѿ
ȷһЩ飬Լд
ʱĵ۲ͳǴ۵ʱЩٶ۵ˡ
ĵ۾ңˣҲܰæ飬½һҵ
˭룬ĵ۾ȻпӣõĽɽôûˣ
λЩ飬Ȼͳ۵жд̣󲻵òŻʺ׽㱣˵ÿ춼ĵսս
˵ͷϷ·ʱ޿̲ŵ
ǰѵʱ
ֻʲôʱˡ
浽һ죬õۿڣͱл
ˬЩΪѣܱȫСͼľλ
ҪǲʶʱһֱŲһҿɾͶΣˡ
ԴλͲڼ
ֻгѺͳ̴ʱų
ԭΪӻȥ˭ֵ֪龹һ׮һ׮
۶ԴλδҲ̫ˡ
ʲôͰˣھȻӦˣ
˵λ˸¯Ľúֺֿá
ֵǣ۾Ȼͬ廥Уóȥ£
ڣָʲôᡣ
˵Ҳλйء
ųֵֹܾģЩ
ϸųЩµİ̺۹Ȼˣһۼû¡
ſ۵þǸոհ˿ǵļǰӶҪΪᡣ
ųԿԽùŹˡ
ų쳣
صųԣ漴ֵЦôƼ˺ü꣬㼵ˣ
ڵӿҼǵ㻹ʮɣôͷˣŶʮˣδ˥
˵ųƲѡ
δ˥ǻ˶ҲΪʲô֪Ц
ҪǵҪϳ
ų̲ס˵˵ֻУѵûʲôҪ˵ģ
ųʣҸ˵ʲô
ųٴ̲ס˵ǿ壡⻥Уǻǣϣôʲô˼ѵһ㶼ģ
ΪʲôҪģųЦ¿ɲûôΣ׽㶼ҪƣǱµĵӣ˵᷸淸˴Ҳš
ųԶʱ˵
Ƿ˵׶ҲŹ
⻰ҪǴ۶Ǹˡ
ųֻû˸⣺ǽأڵʲôô£㲻ֵ̫𣿡
ųɫ㵽Ҫ̽ʲôⲻùܵģͱˡ㶼δ˥ˣǻȥúŰɣ̫ࡣ
浣ųԼ˽Żʺ
˺һֱлͣٹͷ飬Ҳ֪λ֮󣬺ܶ˾ͿʼҪŮˡ
ۿŻʺϣˡ
϶ǳ֮ƣΪӣ£ĿһֱŻʺһŮˣ
ȵЩʱգ϶ҪѡŮ빬乬ǡ
ųԼ۾ٹŻʺ֮޵꣬ŻʺҲñųˡ
Żʺ󱾾ͣʱ۵࣬Ƿܳã
ųԽԽǸųԴһܣֶвɹųԸˡ
ųߺųһɤӣȻȲȥ
-

500 Ե̸

ʹ
ܱС鲽ϢߣС˵£ȥ˳
ųǰǹλ˸ľλˣҲ˳Щ⡣
Ȼ۶ųԾʮֽ黳
һᵽˣ۵ɫͳȥŶȥʲôˣ
˵ʱԱûź򡣲ƺһܣŭػȥˡ
˶٣ֲߺ󣬳ȥҪϴε̸ࡣ
Цǣ֪Ǻö
ô̸ˣȻҪ
ߣӶûأ
Ҫ̸࣬Űɣ
۸̹е¡
߳ǾϢĿǰ黹˳
£ϾʹЦղôСˡ

սóһõ̸࣬װںɰɰȥԽ˵̸ŵģҩЧϴεôá
ɰԣﲻ졣
֪սҽжģϵ˰̾սκõġ
̣Ȼֻ˼ʱ䣬ͱϾ
սҽƳ̸ôЧã
ġ
ɰ뵽ͲټȥֻԼʲô֪źȥ
ųΪҪЩʱղõ̸ࡣ
˭֪ջܼҾʹϢ˵ˣǷͶġ
ųһ£ȴҲû̸ͷ룬Ϊȵ
˰ɰԼ
ɰͲɴˣսźģʹųҲ
˫Ŀʹ󷽵һȻ˵⣺үū澷֮ү̸ࡣ
ų˲վʲô̸ࣿù
仰ǶС˵ġ
С˸Ͻ˺ӣСĴ򿪺źһ͵ųǰ
ųԼķӦ̫ˣ˻ȥСĺӣͰ̸˳
ȻȲشƿǣζ
̸йĵζɾš
ųһǹϤζ̲סЦûζȻ̸࣡
̻Ȣ˸ȥ
ɿУѡΪͽܣô̵ʱ䣬ȻͰ̸ˣ
Ϊһõġ
˭֪Ȼô죡
ѹֻᱻɿϣҲ̫ˡ
ų˷ܣ˭֪ɰͻȻ˵˵̸ԵģҩЧϴεҪЩү֪
ףԭ
ųǾź漴ֻȻӦõġ
֮ǰ̸ԵģҩЧȻǲͬѰ
ȻҩѧûãĿܱȵأ
̸ܵѾ츳׿ˣﻹҪأ
ųˬʵ˵±ˡ
˵꣬˸ɰ͡
ɰûжֱӸ뿪ˡ
ߺųȲش̸ȥ濣ҫ֪Ҹʲôöˣ
Ѿ֪£ʵģ
ų˵ͷҸոȥ̸ʲôʱãһ޹
̸ֵģҩЧȲϴõģҪҪԣ
濾ȵ˫ۣԵģȻͣ
ų˷ܵص˵ͷǣοȢ˸
˵ò񻰣̳ɫȻ˵ү⻰ɲ˵
ʲôݣ٩ģ
⻰ҪǴȥɾʹˡ
ֻųϱݣҲô٩
ųʶԼ˵˻Ͻͣǣ˵ˣԣ
Щԥң̸Ӧúɣ
ųȴ˵ʲôҩģһ޹Ǿ˵ҩ̫ϡžˡ
ԭţŻʺҪ̸࣬ܲҲἸ̲꣬סȥ
ֱӸһ޹ʲôõĵģ
̿ŻʺĶӣ
ϱ˺öŻʺ
̸࣬ȻҪͽˡ
͸濡
濵ӣ϶á
ô˵е͸ɴˡ
ûã۾͵Ϣ
˵ս˸ų̸̲࣬סˡ
ôָųˣ
ʵĶûأ
ֲ˼ųȥʣֻš
ͲˣϱܲТʣ
-

501 ţ

ĬĬսТһֱȵսҲû˵Ͷ
۾Щˡ
ϱǼ˼
㲻ТʣҲТŻʺѽ
ʱҲȥʡ
һ£Ϊ⡣
ˣ
ֻũߵģۻͦ⡣
˵ս˸ɵʦ
ȥҹţҲ̫ġ
ڽãǿԴũˡ
Ҫϱʲô
ʵмˣֻǷӽûϾã죬ҪһЩϸµļʲôġ
Ȼ׳ȫ¹ʡ
ۻεϸ飬³飬ǣӸϱϡ
սɲ֪۵˼
ɰų̸󣬾֡չءˡ
ֱʱ򣬲ųš
˵ڶ죬ĹԵʾսʲôʱʼũߣ˵ʯ͹Ѿ׼ֻÿ¯ˡ
սͻװ׼ȥ
û߹£˸ѣԳĻš
αװüãǸ˿ǸŮӡ
Ҳû뵽ôĵӣͱ׾ٵƭ˹ȥ
սȼʯƷʶܲ
µ˼ЩʯõģõʯҪ
ֻǴũߣõʯ̫÷˷ѡ
սҲûʧ˵ЩʯѾˡ
û֣үүиֳļţ
һӵĸ֣ͺӲãүүβ
үүʹסλүӼ
Ƕʱ䣬ҲüΪʵ
λүӼвģͣղ˸ʯԴι۹
үʹˣֲߣ̫İɣ󣬾ͰŮ߶˲ֵ¡
ʶүӵӣСǸԣһС
ǹ󣬵ʲôģȥι۹
սĿȾģõҲѧ˲ٸɻ
ʯƷʣүӸչġ
֣¶Ҫڶ٣ȵȵȡ
үһȫǸָɻ˵˷ˣᵽרҵĶҲսܲö
սڶû治١
ȻܸүļţȣǴũ߾Ǵ´ġ
ʯƷʺȥõĸ¯
¯ǰս˼ģֵ̾ĸ¯Щͬ
ʱʯ¯ȣڻˮ
ս˴¯ҪȽЩ
ʱ򣬴¯Ѵʯ̿ʯʯ֮ԭϼӽȥ
ķڣ¯²
ΪЧʣ¯ӵĿȾԤȣŻӷڴȥ
պ¯ᷢһϵеĻѧӦ
罹̿е̼ԪظеӦһ̼
һֻ̼ʯеӦԭ
ڸۻˮõЩˮν
ʯͷкܶʣЩʸʯʯϺ󣬻¯
Ϊˮش󣬻Ϻ¯Ưˮ档
ֻҪƺóڵλãͿùӰ¯
ֻʣ±Ƚϸɾˮ
¯ϻ˹۲ڣ鿴¯
⣬̿ȼպúԴ¯ΪԱ߼¯ȼϡ
¯·Զ׼õһ߻˷ˮӳųһֻ壬һ
Աһ氫ǽˮ󣬹ǾͻվڰǽϣˮϸۣѸٽ裬ˮ̼
ʱܹ̼ĳ̶ȣͿֱӵõֻ̼ߵ̼֣
ϧŴ󣬹Ƕǿžûпѧֶϸˮеĺ̼ԶֱӴȻùַ̼õֲġ
սȻλү˵ٸɻԼûһʱҲûϸƺú̼
ֻʹñȽϱķӣʵͼ¼ٲƷʣƶһϸַ
ʵ϶ûʱ䣬ʵ֮ǰȻùǰϷӣȽס
ս¯ӣûʲôּ˴õģ
Ȼùʼˡ
ĹǹģеǴӹıֵ̾ġ
Щоս˴ĸ¯ǶϽˣһ¯ӣͷָƽʱõĲ̫һŹֵֹġ
ֻǻûҲ¯ӵ׺òá
ս˿ڣǾȲؿʼˡ
-

502 ȡɵķ

ս˴¯ڸ¯вر󣬶ҽǵһҲ̫ࡣ
ǰЩ飬ѱùѷõԭϷŽ¯ӣȻʼȡ
սϾǵһȻϸүӸ䷽ʯƷʲһԭȿ϶Ҳͬ
Ժ˵øʹõԭܴﵽš
Ϊԭϲ࣬ʱҲȽ϶̡
սŻصʱˮպò࣬·ķ
սͿ׼õĹ˰ǽʼٽ跽ͷˮ
ǿʼʱԱ߲Զһ¯ͷ㣬ʱ
սҪġ
ʱҲûӱֻʱˡ
ļʱȻиʱ䣬ܱȫƾͷҪá
ѳҪʱ¼ԺͿԲʱ䡣
ȻҲһҪĲݡ
Щ֣ƾ辭
ֻ۵ҪߣŲϽ裬ˮ̣Խ󣬽Խѡ
ò󣬸ʱ˻Ǧڱϼõʱ䡣
ʱûȴӷȡ󣬾ͿֱӶʹ͡
սһֱԱ߿ţַӵЧʻ̫Щ
ҪǳҪʱ̫ãҳˮˣû취ֱӽֻͣͨʹķʽ
Ƚʹһ󣬾ʹӡ
Ժ󣬾ҪйؼܿڴˡܿڣֽС
ս˰Ѵõ¯ȣպ֮ٽۻˮѸٲпڵλá
̱빻죬Ȼͻɡȣ氼͹ƽӰƷʡ
õ֮ǰ塣
²ãʽ֮ǰϰΣȵ֮¶΢һЩűӣɫʱ򣬾ͿԽд
̣ĹһֱԲ˫ۣգ۾
ȵȲսҪô
ս۴Ӧòˣ˵ˡ
һ̴ߴǸɻ
ǶͿж˵ģֻǴĥͦʱġ
Ǵĥʱ򣬹̲סսܳ𣿡
취õİ취ɲһ
Ƚɰ糤ָͷƬȻˡͷٸմƲЬƬͷͿཬ
ȻЩһ¯ڻ󣬾ͻƬͷƳɸ֣Ϊ֣Ÿ֡
ƺõĸ־ʹ֮󣬾ͿũߣǾʹ򣬻
ҲֱũߵģӲʴֱ࣬ӽũߵĻʹ಻ߣ׻
ʵ̫ũߵĻпڲ׾С
´δԭôɣ
ֱӰˣˮпϣ
һǸĹַЩƣֲַô鷳
ӦûơֻܴһЩСĶͲˡ
Ӵ쵶ͷʿã
мأҲԡ
ԽԽ޲ھͱȥ
סˡ
ڻУôҲҪƷ֮󣬲ܽһ
ƴֵ˺һĥˡ
¼״˹ȥҲԷֱ࣬Ӱ˹
ѾװľΪոմĥɫѩпڿҲ쳣
룬һһӸƤϡ
ƤǱȽ͵ģǲ׸
ȻһƤ̾ͱˡ
ָ˺üȻԽԽȡ
ʺ⣬Ϊ͵жԲεģһĻ϶˵á
ɹ»˷ܼˡ
ּҴҵ˳ȥЩҰ
ڿûׯڸԵ
ϧҰҲûҵ
Ұͱɾˡ
ֻ֦ԵпڻǺܷԡ
ֻһģ˭֪һָϾͶ˸Сӡ
һ㶣ž͸˷ˡ
пôǾͿԿܲ쵶ˣ
ԽԽ˷ܣضս˵˵ܿڵķʵ̫ˣϱ£¶Ȼͣ
˵ͻȻֲԾλɫô̫ÿ
ɵǡ
սʵܲ⣬Чʻ̫ˡ
һˡ
-

503 һ

²ؿս벻Ϊʲôˡ
ѵǾʲôף³ʵʵ⵶úܲұǰķʡ¶ˡ
սȻ⡣
˵ɣռ¯ӣʱһʱ䣬ͬĳʱ䣬õʲôͬ
˵꣬˳ȥ
ûͦģ޽ĸ¯Ͳֹһ
Ȼطֹи¯
ս֮ǰ޽ʱ򣬾׼õĸ¯һЩƽ¯
ƽ¯ǺֱȽȽƽ¯
һ־÷¯ӡ
˵ڵһεĿӣŰ׶ӡ
ȻӵڱͿĨһָͻࡣ
ȵʽյʱϷͻשһεĶ
שͬҪͿĨͻ࣬ͿĨһİС
ڳͨں͵ףһ򵥵¯Ӿˡ
¯ʱ򣬲ֱӰԭϷŽȥȰѴԭײֳΪ
úãֱܹ֡
սģǸ֡
ֱĻ̫ˣø¯
ַĸ֣ԵõˮֻҪʱȡͿֱӽͣҪʡµöࡣ
ҪȡˮĻ϶ЩΣա
ʱŻء
ȸˮȴ֮ҲȡֻһҪȴĸֶȡ͵ô̫ˡ
Ҫ֣¶ȵôﵽһǧٶȲС
ߵ¶ȣĲϾͲͨˣȻܲס¡
Ҳȱݣǲ̫͡
ȻͣҲÿʲôȡ
ֱܹɵĸˮЧʾҪȳֵ͢Чʸߵö࣡
˵Ѿܾûмռˡ
ԸǴ켸䵶
Щûʾһ±ȽϺá
ս뵽̲סЦˡ
˵Щ̫磬ĸˮûء
ԣְɡ
սȥ׼õÿʵ
ֻвУ֪֮
ս˰ѷõԭϣ䷽װȻһڡ
¯ӵײһЩשƬ͸
¯Ҫȼգ͵㹻Ա͸СͲȼճ֣Ӱ¯ӵ¶ȣҲ˷ȼϡ
Ƭ̺úս˽̿ȥȻطϷ˿ڵ
źúһ㽹̿¯ġ
Ȼſʼש
ʱɫҲ
սɴڶȥ
שŸոݺãʪģ϶ûϵֻܵ͸˲С
¯Ѿʼ²̫
սİõػȥˣ֮ǰǺúϢ㾫
һߣȴûϢ
Ȱ˹¯ӣȻȲؽ˹ұֵ̾ȥˡ
ܿǸ÷ӣֻǾܲлȥ˵һϽԣ
ҪУԺɾʡ¶ˣ
Ҳ֪ıУ϶㲻ʲô
ֻҪܸ²ʿϣҲǼѽ
֪ʿ̫࣬ײʿõĵǾеġĥˣҲá
Ҫⷨ޲޲ײʿı⣬Ǵһ
Щһľ÷ɿ죬·ʱ򶼸޻Ƶġ
Ϊ˸ʱ䣬ȥġ
˹ſں󣬾ûȥˣֻ߽ȥ
ݣûʸڹ
Խ˹źһ·Сȥ˱̾֡
֪ģһ¾;ˡ
ڵشվʵôˣʲô飿
˵꣬ģϽˣִ˸ˮ
԰ѲˮϽһڣɤӣ㶼ʲôˡ
¹һڲˮȥȻȲ˵˵ܿڣ
ܿڣһ㶣žͱɫʼѵӣ
Ϊֵ̾ӡ̫࣬ô֪ġ
һĸ֣ʶͷ
ùַ֣֮Ҫõ
µ˵ͷַɿ˵˵ķӣ˴Ȼ¯պˣۻˣٲпϣ
ʱ̣ܶһգ۵ĹȻпھͲ֭΢һЩͿʼ𣬴ĥС
ôô򵥵һ̣гȻúܡũ߰Ƥһ£׾پ͸ˣ
Խ۾Խ
Ȳʣ˵ɴˣۼƣ
-

504 

¿ЦĶҰǶҾǾܿڵķʵڲǿǿǴһ
ֻϾũߣҲ֪ɱеĻЧֻΡҲȲ˱֣̾Щͼԡ
˵ͷôܶԣۼͷԸȥӴЩԱ߿ţǸô
ڴӦû⣡
˾ôæµ
ֱ̾ҪеֲⷿԱһӦȫҲдõ·ӣҲࡣ
Ҫʲôʱԡ
һæµæµ˴ҹ
صоĶʮ飬Ч治ʱ⣬ȵڶ糯֮󣬾ȥ۱ϲ
Ȼæµ˴ҹȴ쳣ܣûһƣġ
Ϊʱ̫ѾرգʱЪ˱̾
սȴ᲻ǵĿġ
ڿռһȵ֮󣬲žӵ˳
ùźսٴλװȥ
æµ
еĸ¯ȫѾȼ
սܿ쳣˷ܣԭϷŽҪַ
ͦڴ
սŵûãȲʣ¯ӿԵ𣿡
ս¯ӣֹѾ͸͵˵ͷɣȵмģŨ̳ٵͷġ
ĵ˳ΪͷĽܹ̿ӳֶȵȼա
һѾȲǵ˷ܵغһȻæµ
սվһԣۿǵ˻𣬵ȫȼ󣬾˵ķĸʱȻˡȵϣΡ
ֻǵһ飬ΣսҲ޷ȷ
׵·ӣеļġ
ȻѾܿĳɷ֣˱Ͼûұ֤һܳɹ
ԵǶº˵СЩ̫ϸˡ
ǲɵȻ֪עⰲȫ
սô˵ﻹЩж
ǿλչӿµĻţǶˣݱǸ߹öࡣ
ûпǣȻעⰲȫǶõĴˡ
սֿһȥ˸¯
ֻǶæµݣ¼Ҳҵҵż¼
ս߹ȥıӡ
˼¼÷ǳ棬ҶǰҪڼ¼Ͳᡣ
Ҫһ֮Чķһʱܳɵġ
Ϊ˱֤ֻһ¯飬ĻǰϷӣ裬
һٶҲȻȻ
սҲ⣬һ뿪ˡ

һڳһ糯Ȼͻ׼Ե㶫ӣȻ¡
˭֪궫׼µʱͻȻ£̾ӡ̫˵Ҫࡣ
ʲôҪ£Ȼ죬Ǿ
ҪʲôҪ£
ˣϵѾʼ˰ɣҲ֪˶ũ߳
ܿͷ˽
ڵϣ̬ʮֹȴǼūμ££ūҪ࣡
ۼ˷ܣʶ϶Ǻ£
ɫ˲֣˵˵ɣʲôҪ£
˵£ĹŴԪհ˵һδŵ֮
˲ȤŶ

ô֪һλ
ϡ
۾ͻȻֲ̫õԤС
˵ŴԪ˵λ֮ܿũߡ
취ֱȻŽ¯ȣٽ۵֭Ѹٲпϡ
Դ˷ٶȸ죬Ҵпڷ񣬲ĥ
ŴԪô˷Уҵū澣飬ūѾԹ
ִ˷䲻ܴȴܴһЩСͱкũߡͨĲ˵Ҳô˷졣
⻰ɫͱˣ˻棿
̹ȥū澲£˷ԡ
۾
òˣ϶ǸʡĵĶϱ
˻֣֪ˣȥɣԣҪ֪ȷеĽ
زƺЩãвĪ
ʣֻʵʵ˳ȥ
-

505 ս

˳ȥ۳ãͻȻӢ˵޸ʹλأ
˲ѹɽ
ʹͣ
ģ
ολ˳ɾλɵʦˣ
͸Ӳˡ
¶ô˵ˣ˳ǲµλݣҶ죿
۶ˣҲҲ˵
Ѹĥһ˵Ȼÿµ˼¾øͣ͡
ڷܣ
ûһ㵹˵
ŵһ£ȴЦūֻǾãǵȻ۹ͣҪū澶໰
ˣҲûãؿɵúú롣
˵Ͳ˵ˣתһ£гﱸˣ
˲˾񣺡ݱ߹شصϢнպʽС
պ𣿡۲ڴǵʱͿλеΡ
⻰̴⣬ȻʹϢȥйע߹صһһ⻥еϢ
⣬⻥оͲʧ
пвٹԱԻУλʧܣҪܵٹڦ
뵽˼
ڳﱸУھˡܿڡľӡ
λȢˡ
λʧܣҲʲô󰭡

սɲֱ֪˵ˡ
صѯ˸ֶռȥˡ
ڣ͵ֵĽˣܹɹͿԿʼԴ켸ѱˡ
Ÿӵ䵶Ҳղصı
Թ֮ͷ֣ЩνıҲ
ȻΪıõģҲͱ۵Ĳ
Ÿӵݵ׵˲٣ʹõıҪЩˡ
ŻЩõǰѵʹ͵ģҲëϷĳ̶ȡ
սԴӼ֮󣬾ԴѴëϷı˳ԼҲװϡ
ֻǰһֱûᡣ
ڵǿԡ
ʱת۵˵ڶ졣
սùź󣬾Ȳȥ
ЩյڣӦǲˡ
ھеҪ֪Ρ
սʱ򣬷ֹŴԪѾһˣǼªƽ¯ԱߣͣȥȹϵƵġ
սؿŹ£ڸʲôأȥŸ¯ʲô
ŴԪѾͷڿս͸˽һ۾ڷ
ĿƵؿսЦùȼˣ˵¯ӽܿˣǵ棿
սȻΪ¯ģ
ŴԪٴιȵЦˣд֮ˣ֮ǰ֮ܿѾ֤ʵã֮Ҳǿеġ
սҲ֪ܲûֱ˵ֱ֣˵
Ѿ֪ŴԪˣʱ̬Ȳ⣬ǾãϵЦʵеˡ
ǷģЩӦ
øŴԪϻֱӶѾ׼õ˵¯ɣСЩ˵ˡ
ԣĳľ¯ӵĹ˿ˡ
Ϊƽ¯òĹҲرء
һͰǹ˿ˡ
ͷĻ滹ûϨ𣬵ҲյòˣϾ̿ģͷһһҹƾٴҲ󲻵ȥ
ͻȻ˿󣬴ĿӿȥƵǴЩҲʲô
ľصúܳˢ˷ͩͣʱȻǵС
ľ˿󣬾ͷԱߵĵϡ
˶￴ȥ
һٸЩõ䷽ͷ˱ǣԱֳܹõ䷽
򿪺󣬿һжǰ
ֻͷе룬ȻСȼգ¶Ѿȥˮ߸ˮѾ̡
սãһ۾ͿͷеѾըҲвٿǺõġ
һƵĴǯг
ǯƽʱõĲ̫һжĵطԲ״乳һЩԲεĶ
Բ״ÿǯС
δ˶ӵսֻһȡ
ŴԪëԼҪ
սüͷŹ£ɲɣͷЩеȻŻǺõģʵѾѣǯһоͿըɲġ
ŴԪһ⻰ʹ˸¡
ЩǲϷᡣ
-

506 

ŴԪɲɵ˸¯Ҫּªƽ¯
ô϶ʲôԵʣ
˺ܶࡣ
ǰܿڣôõķӣ֮ȻûôˣЩ˵ӡ
Ū¯ӡ
ôйŹ֣
¯Ķһ㣬ȻûҪ£
ͷԭϣõģ
Ķʲô


Ǹ֣
ԣ
λܿڵķӣεĶôܻһ㣿
øˮɾ׬ˣ
ŴԪԽԽ˷ܣԴǵ˵ģΪĹ£һеģ
ԻɣˣվԶЩɲ£
ս֣ϾĹ£۰ŵġñʡ
ŴԪҶΣǹ£е˵ԷСЬ
ֲţĸСЬҲδ֪
ŴԪԸ
ˮ߸ˮѾˣըҲõͷĸ¸ˮըˡ
սͬˣɣǧСģˡ
ŴԪ׿ϣ˷ܵߺһȻ;ǯȥˡ
ֻƺôãǯռסǸըˡ
ڻǯҲԶû˵ˡ
ĶѾ̣ըѺŴԪɴͷĶ˳
ڵһԲ
ŴԪڳǾ;ˡ
Ѳ
սȴں棬Ǹ
ӣƺвʡ
Ҳ֪Ρ
սŴԪ
ŴԪʵǿ;ˣѾȲҪ᲻
һֱţûмȡʣµ
սĻŷӦȥеڶ
ʮСģըˡ
εƺûը
Сؽ˳ڸղǿԱߡ
սǦʸӣһ¼
дַ¯ȫ˳
û취ʱûռﵹУֱܲóá
ģһǳʽġĵƬݿɾûˡ
ֻء
ս¯ֿʼȡ
ŴԪ˳ȡȡҲ¯λðڷš
Ȼʼȡ
˼¼󣬾˴ȡͷȥʹ򣬼Ʒʡ
򽻵úܡ
Ǳ۾ܿƷʺû
½ǣû⡣
սҪ¼һʱ߲
һֱԱߣȵ¼ÿһȥ˴ĵط
æȻ졣
ΪʱûܼƷʡ
ĿǰĽǱȽϳɹġ
Ϊ䷽һĶҲͬ
Ҳеֺ̼֣̼͸̼֡
Ȼָ֣սļԼֵġ
ȻֵܷóƷʵĺûǻԪأȻҲͲֺ֪̼֣̼͸̼Ļ֡
սЩæµ޵Щ
ǰͦ⡣
ڵЩæµݵǾ˼Ȥζ
˵һıɲǼ׵顣
ܲƣܶһҲ޷ı
ıȫҲϡ䱦
սھԡ
Ҫ󣬴˵ƺͦ׵ġ
һ֣˳ĺ£ôҲֵüɣ
ʲôȵԴһѵмأ
սԽԽĶһЩֶȻ󵥶һʼԼͷ
ŴԪ֪ݣǱŵˡ
û취սαװӣҲǸɡ
ܴĶǴġ
ŴԪȻսģ
ֻؿսԼؽȥˡ
ȷŹرպ̲סֹϸ첲ϸȶģ
˭֪أ𡰶Ĵ
ŴԪ𾪵صԲ˫ۣκҡҡͷȥЩ
ǲУܹ
ʹȫǿ˶ܿ͸಻ˡ
ŴԪǳ㣡
ھ͵ſսʲôʱ
˭֪ûԶﴫĴͱϸ
·кܶá
˹ˡ
ֻС˰
-

507 ˵С

ŴԪɻˡ
ȻûܹΪ
Ҳȥս
λ˲õſʼ뵽ܿľӣ֣ܰ˵ˣ
ǣŴԪֻܴɻȥЩǴ
սȻ˲ٸֶʣһЩ
ŴԪ;Ǽ죬ƷΡ
ͬʱսȥ
ﰵţôһҲֲ˶á
žˡ
˭֪һȣ͵ȵ˰
սһֱûȥֻʱ˳ԵĶȥ
ʱˣһӽȥҲ֪װʲô
ĴҲֻͣʱͣһС
ŴԪˡ
С˿ݵúܣȻܼһ죡
ǲ̫ˣ
ЩԲĴҲûһ찡ܵ˫ЪЪɣ
һֱô򣬾ҲŲס
ŴԪĻˣȻ⺰˺üΣͷҲû顣
ֱյķǿˡ
ŴԪϢ󣬸Ͻ˹ȥ
ʱսСߡ
Сﻹһӣʱһ
ŴԪؿһۣȻСشսߵСˡ
СʵƽٰģŴԪ֪
ƣλûʲô󰭡
˭֪һɵˡ
ϵ·ɸɾģκûС
ˬúܡ
ͷ˿ǸЩǣΪ̫ȣһֱڳ
ΪսһֱûȥŴԪѾĻˡ
Ϊ󣬻ῴһǱ
˭֪Ȼȫһ
ģȫǴӰ
ԱߵС˿Ҫˣͷ΢Щҡ
ѲɣһֱСˣ
Ҳǹģ
Ȼһ˴һ죡
ŴԪ˺ðΣ̽ʵû°ɣ
ս̬⣬Цһʲô£˵Сˡ
ȻԱߵƽЩӲˡ
˵С
ƽãҪʶˣ
ӴС
ǿɶǴëϷı
ۿģ
һݾۣͷһխ˧װ
ȻøͣٶȿöвӰˣ
һ죬۾ˣﶼġ
ֻǻͰˡ
ؼǣֻһĹ򣬾Ȼʹ˱
һѣ
ѵ
һײ˵
ЩƯˣϾȻƯĲƣô󣬻ûôƯĵأ
Щȫŵĺװš
֪ڼĶҪˡ
ƽվս󷽣ŴԪûע⵽ĽӲ⵽һֱĺӡ
ŴԪ̲סʣ֪ЩʲôС
ս˵ҲûʲôǴ˼Ѳ˵м䵶׼ˡ
Ŷԭǲ˵䵶
ŴԪ˵ͻȻɵˡ
͵̧ͷս㡭ո˵ʲô˼Ѳ˵䵶
սȻص˵ͷǰٶȱȽϿ죬𣿡
ŴԪͰ˰֣Ŷûû⡭
϶ˡ
ǼѲ˵䵶ôֲʲôʦ
ϸ첲ϸȶģж󣿴ĶҲ͸߲ɡ
ȻĿһôࡣ
ȻЩ˷Ѷˣˡ
Ĵţ˷ѵǵʲôأ
ŴԪ˵ɫѾ磬Ҫȥˣ
ս˵ͷţǸûȥˣҲȥЪŰɣ̫ˡЩһҪϢãÿյĲʳҲܿ˿ˡ
Σͦ󣬴Բκ⡣ֻгԺ˯ˣ㣬ܹõũ
ŴԪũ߶ѡ
ͻȻãλŻеģ̫ˡ
ʱҲǺ£ֺܱľ飬ĹεҪá
ŴԪȻΪսĶЩӻҲû˼Щ
ֻͽսԸĶأ
սʹƽȥˡ
صʱ컹ûڡ
սֱӴƽȥ鷿Ȼ˺ӡ
ŵģе
ֻѪͻȻҪԴԵʺ͵ʲôĸ׼
ɰͷʱɰռ͵ʡ
ɰǺܿ콫
ֻǵãʾЩãֻȽá
սҹĴ׵ĵ
ôһδĵ̫ܲίˡ
-

508 ߹

սһѵ
Ȼһ飬ѩĵоͱ˳
ֻϸ޳ʮƯ
-ȫԼߣг߰˴磬ʣµһ߶ȫǵ
ֳȵĵ˫ֶץʹãʹܴ̣ʮ
ƽСؿѩĵŵĶԶˡ
⵶ǿžˣ
սŵȻ˼£û⣬Щ뿳ʲô
ֻǷһĿȫ滨ľļҾߣս᲻ˡ
һ׼ҾߣǿʲôǾͿˡ
룬Ե
е-£սóһһ鿴
˲˵֮⣬һѵ
ֱ-ᵶᵶҶն崺
ϲ-Լš
նǸ̵ġ
ᵶ׼͸š
ᵶ͸խZ
崺͸褡
ʣһҶսʱû͸˭
ʽĵʶûأЩ̫˵㡣
ôһ룬սͰѵ
һѲ˵ƽ˵͹ȥ˵͸ġ
һʽĴͳ˵Ҫܶࡣ
õ۵ʹķʽͬƯĲƣرƯ
ƽ˲ͼˣѾͷˣ
ӶҲ̫ˣôƯĲ˵Ҫأ
ƽȻͦʣʵ𵶣ȥ˳
æš
ƽȻʵǲӶˣ
ƽߵǰѵݸģϽš
ǡؿĵСĽ˹ȥѵ˳ʲô
˵ǲ˵ƽ˵Դģˣ
˲侪ˡ
սͦ󷽣ʱʱᷢʹ͡
ЩʹͶͷģ߷ġ
⻹ǵһΣսĶʹ͸
һѲ˵
ģ
ѵǴȥˣ
𾪹ϸĵ
ϸһʵƯұƽõĲ˵ҪЩ
ǺзһǺö
̲ס˴ƤԵ˭֪һƤͷͱˡ
ӻر
𾪻ˣ̲סģ÷ĵ
ƽһǿɲ⵶ִģܲСЩ˵ˣ
ԣ̽Сɾֱһϸ

һߣɰһȥս
ӣ߹ؼһŻ
ս죺ѵǸҵģ
Ѳɣ̸дˣ
Ӧûôİɣ
ͳҪӵˣսɲţдš
Ȼɰҡҡͷĸū澵ģֻǡ˵үһֱá
ū澾ţô˵ū澸ӡ
սЦһģ
Ȼܹ뵽ַӣɵ޷ˡ
鲻ã
Ϊʲô
Ѳɣǻе鲻̫˳
Ҳǣǰ̰úܣǵǿԸԹ⣿
Գ̵ӣǰǲʵ˵Ǵһɱ
ĻĵǸպϣ
ʻûأôͳȥеòְ
սһ󣬻˰ܼ˹
ܼʱʵЩ⣬ǹؾ̬ȸ⹧
սҲϻֱָϵն˵Ҹү׼ֻǵʻûҲ̫Щ
㿴Ĺܹ֮ǰʸƳ𣿡
ܼ⻰˶סˡ
Ȼү׼
һѵ
ܼҺܿ񣬺سϵĵȥ
ʱвѵʵ޻һ˿װζûС
ڹܼҿ̫ʵЩѹ䲻ϳ̵ĸ߹ݣ
ʵ֪ѵλ󽳣
֣ôһû
һѵɲף⵶Ȼү׼Ӧǳְ֮ɣ
ǲ֪ҵһλ
֪ģү޵úܣɲʲôá
΢һ˿֣Ͳá
ò׸ү׼үϲҪⷬ˼ˣ
뵽ܼε̾˿
˭֪ţս˵⵶䲻ǳ֣֮û
˵үڱ߹ز̫˳뾡콫⵶ȥǽãͳ
ܼһǳ֣֮ʧˡ
սò⣬Ҳֱ˵̲ϲ
ս˵Ҫͳȥ˵˲ٽˣʵϵȲҲеġ
ȥţҹһʸƳֻ⵶
սѵһƣȥɡ
-

509 ܼҵɧ

ҪʣȻе
Ȼ˾ߴ磬ĵҲܲá
ʱȣǵʲʣɾҪˡ
սûʱ˷ѣ˷ʱ䣬ֱӰѵܼңùõȶ
˵⵶մûüװΡүϲãܼ֪ģҾͲ˵ˣ֮ǰѵʸƳɡฮĹˣȵʹ͡
ܼҵ֤ҷģĹǺ֣үϲҲ壬һϵĹ˵ǸЩ϶
սͳƽʹ˸ɫ
ƽ̰ն˹ȥ˫ŵݸܼңԹܼң⵶ЩǧӺˡ
նŵʵģȻͷĵʲô
ֻ⵶ʱģʣսŲòùҹơ
Թܼȥӣֲǳ֣֮ЩΪȻ
˭֪˫ָͷ⵶ͦЩ
ϽʹȫСİѵס²Сĸˤˡ
˵Ҵ죬ɺôս͸̵ܵսӵˤˣ
ǿһ£Ƕǲеģ
ԹܼҼȥҹƵʣ˵ûҾܿˡ
߳ȥҲûҰĵݸˣһֱСĵ
һ·ߵڵƫԺʵĹСĽϣսҪ˵ˡ
һ⵶ǳ֣֮üͷ˵ԹܼңүƢ֪ģ⵶ԲЩүϲ
οѵǳ֣֮ȥүүҲϲʱүǹ
ĵ̫ˡԹܼﻹǺȨģսŮǰֻܷСڹǰͺͷˡ
ɫõ˵ҸողǶ˵׼͸үģү᲻ϲ»ͻȻ㣬ѵ㻹
áе
͵˵ͷУСȿ⵶е״
˵ܼ꣬ҵͷ߹ȥСϵնץסεʡ
˭֪иհγһ㣬Ȼһѩĺ⣬ҪϹ۾
ŵò㶪ĵôǵ͸үģû֡
⵶ͷһСۣСɾûˣ
ŵĲֹԭΪȻԹܼҲղŵĺŵˡ
ûаγʱ⵶ʵ޻
Ϊս˵ǳ֣֮ԹܼҾû⡣
Ȼһγͷ⵶ˡ
ҲǻյģõҲܿô
ʱԹܼһǰγĵУʶشˡ
ɿǰǳ磬ն˹ȥȻ͵ؽȫ˳
ȫγͷĺ͸ӴĿˡ
ýˣ·ֱ˵ĸо
ѩĵУ̲סʿˮȻһ±ƵԹܼңԹܼң㵱ȷѵǳ֣֮
ȻԹܼҴʱҲ±ƣ
ûĻһ˫۾ѩĵУ˫ץסһӣԱߵӿ˹ȥ
״ŵɫ䡣
ǿǺ̴ľɵӣ
̴ľʵϸܣӲȺܸߣõ棬׻пڡ
ԹܼҵĵҲ̫ˣ⵶ү׼Ȼȥ̴ľӣ
ǿпڣҪθ
ɲ뱻ԹܼҸˣͼһԹܼҲҪ
˭֪ս꣬Ϳǰնϡ
ŵñ˫ۡ
Ȼһ졣
ŵû궼Ҫˣﲻס룺ˣҪˣ
ţ̲ס߶˳
ʵ̫ˣѾ֪Լʲôˡ
Թܼұ˷ܣ߶ͳˡ
ûص˹һۣ˵ܲеϢ۾ɣ
Сһֻ۾е㲻Ծ
ԭúõĺ̴ľӣȻһΪ˵ϣ
ӡ𾪵صԲ˫ۣȻʶԹܼĵпڵλã±С
Թܼȴ쳣˷ܣˣһıӶѣôܻпڡ
̫š
Ҳ̵ĵҲõ̴ľӰ
ûӣ
ڿԹܼҵĵӵͦġ
͵͵︹һٴοնпڣ˵Թܼң㲻˵⵶͸үǿˣүǶǲý
⻰׳ŵ˵ġ
ʵǱԹܼҵɧŻˣðŵԹܼҵķգҲҪ⻰˵
-

510 ˭ɵģ

ԹܼĻҲ֪طԼղ̫³çˡ
̲ס־𵶣пϸϸؼһ顣
ȷûокͱѣС۶ûк͵͵˿
Ȼ˵˵úǣղ̫³çˣʵڲӦá
û뵽û˽ȥϽתƻ⣺Թܼңո˵⵶ǳ֣֮
ǡ֪˭⵶ţƺܲһ㡣ԣղЩҡ
ԹܼҲü⵶ģҲʹˣ˵⵶ǳ֮֡
ҵʱţȻңǶĵΪһ㣬ֻϾŮӣ֮£û
뵽⵶Ȼ˲򵥣ֻǲ֪˭ġ⵶óģֻŻ֪
ͳĬˡ
ʵ漫ˣȻݣûд٣ûʸս
лսѯأ
ֻܰ±װԼһ⡣
һѱЩϲ
ܿ˷ԹܼҰѵ°ɣСһ֮ǰϳܹĵʣ
ıһεĵʲУɲίˣ
Թܼȴ˵Ҿţ
ɲľô뿪
һ˴ѵأ
ֿ֪㣬ԹܼҲҵġ
ûߣ͸ˡ
ܿæµˣʼնʵĵʡ

սߺŴԪҲû⣬ֱ˵ȥսùʰˡ
Ϊ˰ȫ
Ϊ£ÿ쵽֮뿪֮ǰҪз䣬ְȫ¹ʡ
ŴԪΪûô⣬Ը˴ɨ󣬾ȥЩڴˡ
ս뵽һȥˣҲĸ쵶
ҪַĸƷΡ
Ƕ֪Ҫ͵۵ʹķʽ
ֻķȻãҲʱ
æµһ죬Ҳûһѵ
ŴԪûмŽȥ¶ĵá
Ļܹȥϲûйͣˡ
ȶȵԹЧ֮پҪҪϲ
˭֪ȥûã˷ɱ˹Ź£иط̫Ծ
ŴԪһۣϳǸղȥɨӵģģЩŵʵﲻԾ
˵Ź˾֪ˣ
ŴԪżҲͲˣϽ˹ȥ
ûã͵ս֮ǰ쵶ӡ
ŴԪ߽ȥ߱ʣ˵ﲻԾ
˾ָŲԶ˵Ź㿴ӣ
Ź̿˹ȥȻɵˡ
ϸһǻˣ
ֻǻӣǲô⡣
ǣǱʲô˶ȥĸǣ
пھȻʮƽ
ŴԪԼˣϽ߽˿
߽֮пڿƽˣ͸ĥһ
ʱɨ˵СĽɨӵʱ򣬾ͷӲԾǱ˹ƻˡ
СϸеĶûҵǴȥˡСĲֻ̫пں̫һ㡣
ŴԪ˵ͷпǲһ㣬ֻǡ
ôأ
˭ɵģ
ȻѺúõӶˣ
ӱ⸱ӣôã
ֻͨӣʲôľϡ
ҲͦӲģҴ֮󣬾ͱøӲЩ
˵ñ׾ٵĸǲŶԡ
ǵĻõöܰӵĸǸˣ
Ҫǵֻʲôأ
Ҳ̫ˡ
˭ɵģ
ֻλùѵ
Ӧòܰɣ
˵ûСҲгֵıа
ǱùȻƽ
ŴԪ뵽ͻȻһֳƽźӵĻ档
Ȼ뵽ʱ˵˼Ѳ˵м䵶
ʱѹû⡣
Ϊϸ첲ϸȶģҲ֪󲻵Ķȥ
Ҫ쵶Ҳ׵顣
ֻһʱʹôųɾĳˡ
뵽ĵߺܿܲãûҪ
Ȼ˳ҪԹ
ŴԪ뵽ͻȻݺݸԼһơ
ž
ľǸɵƣ
ôˣλɲһ㰡
ܹܿںֵţˣôãĵء
ʱÿģ
ŴԪԽԽԼشˡ
ֿһϵпںҲ̲סˡ
Уȥһˣ
-

511 

ŴԪ˾ʹҴ˳ȥ
ֻ߳ԶͻȻ뵽ʲô
˽һ˽ӣ䵶Ǳĸǵϡ
øߴ󣬿Сӡ
һϵпڣ˲ɫ
Ȼ󼤶ʵŹ£ӵĸǿǱʲôģ
Ϊõˣһѵܹɶ˺
ϵпھȻ쳣ƽǾ˵϶Ǳʲô쳣Ķģ
ǻʲô
ѵУ
ŹƳһۣԸ㳯ӿһԣǵȫ
⻰һɫͱˡ
ӣãӲʲôģȻɫԽԽѿ
Ը˵Ź£ӲúܣС䵶ֲʲôҪһȥ϶Ҫеģ
ŴԪسɫ㿳ͿʲôҪ䵶ˣ㻻һѣ˰ɣ
⻰Űγ䵶
Ȼһ˫סӿȥ
һ죬Ϻܿ쿳һĿӡ
Ȼоľͷ
˺ôľŰѵаγ
ֻһ˺ۡ
˺էһŻЩˣȻԱƽпڱԵرˡ
ŴԪɫ䣬Сؼпڣһۻ˵ģʵôǾˣ
˵ͷСʣŹ£֮ǰ˵Ҫǻ˾͸СĻһѣ⻰İɣ
ŴԪû˵Ȼҿĵ
Ͻѵݸ
ŴԪϸֲ֮鿴ϵĿӣԱߵпڶԱһ¡
ԽԽľ
ĵ̫ͨˣһȥȻ˺ۣȴûܰȫ롣
ΪľϱȽӲУ
ɼӵľжӲͨĵû취׽
һܹ׾ĸǵж
˵ҲΪˡ
ŴԪѣҲסˡ
ڳ˲׼˵ٵ飬ܿϵ
ʱɫѾɵĴţһ󣬻ǰÿˡ
úͿԹܼҡ
Թܼ֪Ĺ£ʱҵ϶ʲôҪ£Ȼҵ
ԵõϢȥŴԪ
뿪ʱ򣬻ؿ۷ϵն
ʼյǰѵԼŴԪ󣬾ûףֱӿżɽʵŹʱʲô£
ŴԪͷҲ̾˵ĳ˴ǰҪͨһĳһ档
Թܼһüͷˡ
ݣŴԪ֪ġ
ϾĹܼң᲻֪Щˣ
ŴԪʱĻܴӦ
ʱҲ̫ˡ
ҪǴӦˣϢүү˻֪ôʰأ
һΪѵ˵Ź£ɫˣôʱͻȻҪҲ̫ˣ
ŴԪһԥһ£ǰ˵˳ֶ˼䵶ĳԭûϡ
Ǻʰӵʱ˷Ǳʲô쳣˽ǣ
ĳ˼ȥӦʲôԲһ棬׿ʡ
Թܼ⻰;ˡ
۾ԲˣЩɵո˵ɶǵǵסֶģ
ٵİɣ

ô֪һεεŮˣȻ챦
ŴԪȴ˵ĳʵҲȷֻǵʱֻСˣûбˡ
ִģǾֻܻСˡĳãдţСŵͨúܡ
ĳ룬Ӧ˱ȻԵеӵĸǡ
ԹܼҶʱ𾪵˵
սȥǸСˣʵŮƽ
Ҫ˵Ļ쵶ˣȻĿҪƽĿԴöࡣ
ǸƽȻӴò࣬Ҳ֪ƽӺֱǸȽϴɵѾͷˡ
ܶأ
һúܡ
ˮ࣬Ǧʣǧۣȫйء
ôһĻԶҲô˳Ծˡ
Ź֣
ԹܼҲ˵ԼɻǾ𾪼ˡ
ôأ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ѹʱ˵ǳ֮֡
ǰɴδ˵ж챦ı£ûⷽȻʲôˡ
-

512 

Թ»ǰնǾ鸴ӵúܡ
˵ǵǳֵ֮ʱ򣬻ãүʧء
ŷ֣ǰҶնȻ쳣ϡļƷ
˵ıЩĴҲδܹ
ãȻȻô׾پͶ˳
ԹܼԽԽ𾪣ȴ־һЩ벻׵ĵطڶܽˡ
ֻţͻȻòԾ
԰һѱһʱܹģ
òŴԪ˰ɣ
ԹܼҾʴ𣺡Ź£֮ǰ˵䵶ȷͽ졭һĹ򣿡
ŴԪı˲һѾ
ЦĳҲǾһʱ̫̣첻ʲôöûϡ
ҪǿǱĸǵӣĳҲšϵп̫ƽˣǱ˲ģ
Թܼҿ֪ǷȻõĲľϣҲǱȽϼӲӣҴ֮͸ʵˣͨĵһ㡣
˵˶٣øӳص˵Թܼҿ֪ĳ֮ǰ÷õԹӡ
֤Ӳȫȥûܿлľͷγʱ˿ڶˡ
ӵĸȴǲ֪ʲôȥпڻ쳣ƽʵ̫ˡ
Թܼû˵
ŴԪ⻰ͱܵǰնűĺ̴ľӡ
ıȷƵС
ؼǣıȻһʱģ
һʱ䣡
ôģ
̫ˣû˵˵
ŴԪûȵĻش̲ס˵Թܼҿ֪˵մ˼Ѳ˵м䵶
Թܼ⻰ٴεԲ˫ۡ
ŵؿŴԪΪԼˣո˵ѣв˵
ŴԪ˵ͷ
һʼô˵ʱû״ʲô
Ͼһʱ䣬Ҳ֪ʲôö
ʲôʲôϵأ
ͲҪ
֪Ȼ뵽˼Ѳ˵ŴԪ͸ˡ
Ȼдͣǵ벻ȥ˵أ
ⲻ˷ô
ԹܼҵҲӼˡ
նȻ˼Ѳ˵ʵǡ
˵գ޴ĹϢھﴫռӵȫӰ졣
Ȼȥռ󣬾ռڶ˱
ԣ˵Ҳͦ

ֻҪ뵽ǰնǸ˵һģԹܼҾ;Ѫѹ
ȻѹͲ֪Ѫѹʲô
̹ܲĪҴܡ
˺һź֪һص㡣
Թܼ͵ʵȵȣո˵ա˼䵶
ŴԪ˵ͷȴʶʱһĻ
˵˵С
Ȼ˵ǼѲ˵䵶
ʱǱˣ·ִֻ˼С
Ҫ̬̫ģҲô⣬ѹ·ϰ
ڣۿЩ
׿ô¡
ԹܼѾ𾪵ò֪˵ʲôˡ
ǰնȻ쳣󣬾ûġ
ȻһѵǴ˺ü
ĵʲôģ
òᶼɣ
϶ġ
ǰնӦͷõģҪ͸ү
϶
ԹܼҿɲţĶкüѡ

һʱ䣬ʹ
ۻۡ
С߽һϰµģ÷ɿ졣
ڸոգĶӣһ˲õϢ
˵Ϣδ֤ʵҲʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪Ǽ١
ģλ̫ˣ
Ӧİɣ
Ͼ˲֪֪ģλʦһλɣ
̲ס²⣬λɸʦҦ˭
ڿλɸЩ
Ͼ̵Ѿˡ
ʦҦ˵ҲҲδʲô
ǰʱҦڣֵĶǹǣҦƺδóʲô˲õķӡ
һ÷ӣ˺ܶ༦ѼüѼֵڶʱ
ڿԶ
ǸŮӰ
ʲôʱŮӶô뺷ˣ
λɵö̳ܽĵӰ
鸴Ӽˡ
-

513 ܿͱ

ķ
һͲˡ
һʼû⡣
Ȼûã۾ͷֽ̫Ծ
ڸʲôأ
ôĥĥģˣô
̲סȥȻͷ֣ıЩŹ֣һʮ־ӡ
ʱȥˣеʼһ飬ʵӢĥʲôأ
һ͵͵һ̧ۣͿ
ϽǰС˵£ոͷϢ
۶ʱȤüͷЩõʣʲôϢ
뵽ոǸı飬ַǳõԤС
Ͻ˵ϢǴӲرɽģ˵ǡһֱ֮˸֡
˲ֱӣֱؿֱ֮˸֣
֮ǰΪˣ۲ûж
Ͼ˵ˣرɽǸֻǴũߣϻǺԼӵģҪ̫
ͷˣҪʲô׵ģͷ˿϶ᱨ֪
ܿ£ŴԪ֮۲֪
Ҳܿ£ʶϱ򵥣ʼģصжš
֣սһʼû˵͸˭Ҳ֪ܹΪ¯һˮ
ûȥ
쿪¯鿴Ķ󣬴Ҳ֪ԭ֮Ȼֱ
ֻ֮ǰֵ֪ƷʣҲûȥ
ֱŴԪűĸǵӣ˵̽ͻȻʶ²һ㣬žһ
ֱֵ֪¡
һӵܱ֪жҪϽ۱ˡ
ֻ̫𾪣ǰʧ̬
ڣ˵˳
Ϣ²˼ƽϡ
͵͵˿
ֻ뵽һϢġ
СشŻͷϢȷô˵ģǲұ
˵ǰ̫⣬뵽ֻ֮ǵʱδ˵ܹҲû֪
һ磬˿¯ȡǲ鿴ͷĶ󣬲ŷ־ȻǸ֣
ң֮ƺ֮Уõ䷽ͬĸҲƷʸ졣
˵ϸͼ˼¼ƺҳõ䷽ԱܹƷĸ֡
⣬ϸ¼˳ʱ䣬ƺҪֻĿǰΪֹƺûʲôչ
ⷬɫϱ任
ٶȱøϱȻˡ
ֻǣôͲأ
ӣﻹõŮװʲô
д˵ȲŻûˣ̫ϧ
μˡ
֮ǰͲµսݣҲ֪Ȼ쵽Ůװȥ
ΪܿڵķӣܳðΣ
ȴŮװܵ¾Բ֪
뵽ŵ죬Ȼڳʲô֣
۲Щҡ
ҿµλݺûϽͷȻﻹʲô֣
̾˺һۻǾĳôҲƽ
뵽ղŵĻʵ˵Ϣ
˭֪ɫһͻȻ˵һϢϢû֤ʵ
۾;ˣܵæʵʲôϢ
ȥ̽ӦöǱȽϽģû֤ʵϢһ˵ⱨ
ͻȻ϶ʲôԵʣ
˵ϢǳҪδ֤ʵ̽ҲҲ
ǣһССʲôҪĴϢ
ܲ͵͵ʲôɣ
뵽ܾ̲סЦˣԼ̫ࡣ
飬Ͳܡ
Ҳ˵һŮǷͣ˵һĹʲô
˵ܡ
ƶţ˭֪ܿͱˡ
ֻС˵ͷϢ˵ȡֶȡһЩֶС˽һ췿
˵һ죬ͷֱͣŽ󣬸ŴԪ˵˼Ѳ˵䵶
ˡ
䵶Ͱˣ˵
Ȼ£
ȵȣ
԰
̲סŵʵ˵һʱ䣬˼Ѳ˵䵶
һʱô࣬
-

514 ʵ

۸ҡͷһ¡
ϱȻ
ӡǸεεŮӰ
ûͦƯģ϶վһֱɲŮòһԡ
ôôˣ
̲סһǸ棬̫ҿ
սǶϱģսĴɲࡣ
Ͼñӡ
һμ棬սȥǴΡ
ӡǴ÷۵ģǸεεСˣʲôģʵǴϱ߶
ô뵽ȥأ
ǵãսҲ׳
Ϊ˱ûж࿴Ҳǵսø߸ݵġ

ѵǸСˣ
ǵãǸС˲ҲǸŮװѾͷô
ʲôƽһŮҪ١
ѵģ
ƽģһʱʹô൶Ҳûðɣ
εĵ̾˿
Ǵڳսʱεεģᱻ϶۸ˡ
˭֪Ȼֵİã
ˣǴ˼Ѳ˵䵶ô
ûʲô˵ġ
ֻҪݲȥû˻֪
εš
˭֪˵ͷϢȷô˵ġ˵ŴԪ֪º󣬲δ⡣
С뿪ŴԪȥɨˣַһӲԾǱĸǣ
͵͵п˲鲻Ծˣ۾ֱؿţʲô˼
ͽ˵˵пʮƽĳ쳣֮ȥġΪӵĲΪӲͨ޷
ŴԪ֪º󣬻һõӡ
֮󣬵оδ俳ҰγкпھѾС
ŴԪ󣬻䵶ʮַѾҴҸȥӣλ֤¡
ۣ
Ѿ֪˵ʲôˣ
ϱͰˣѲɻʲô
ٵİɣ
ôܣ
᲻ᡭʵλʲô֮ˣʱĸǣŴԪˣ
š

һʱ䣬óʲô
ŴԪҲ̫çײˣôͲ֪ú룡
飬Բ
̲סҡҡͷôģ
ʵҲţ²̫ܡ
͵͵۵ɫΪȻͲµҲôġ
С˵ū澵ǾãǴʲôذ֮ŴԪˡ
ϸˣλҪǴʲô䵶彣֮ĶزסŴԪһ۾Ϳˣѹ롣
ԣذ֮ȽСԲϵĶ
ȻҲпǡȷ
ֻʵ̫Сˣ
Ȼ¶û룬ū澵ȻҲô롣
Ȼ̫ˡ
΢΢˵ͷû˵ǻ߲ǣֻ˵ˣҪˡ
˼Ҵ


ԹܼԼģȻһ뷨
뵽ŴԪݣȻѾ¾Ͳš
ȻҪǴ۵ĶΪǼүʲôģǾͲˡ
˵Ź֪Դүȥ˱߹أһֱŲġһҰģԹԻС
֮£ΪүһѵѵѾ˳վͻȥ߹أү
Ź˵ӣԵʱ򣬲Сӵĸǡ
ŴԪ𾪵ص۾ɿɿɡǲһ찡
˵æʵ֪ɷĳ뵱
ԹܼӦ
ʲôˣ
ǿ
Ůӣ
һˣò׻Ϣˣʱ
һε˵Ź£ĳԸʵղ͹ȣѾЪˡ
ᣬȴΪүղͣŻѪòײΪүһѿõĵ
ѾƣߣòЪ£ĳʵڲľϢ
үʮֿأ壬ĳ򵣴𡣡
ŴԪ⻰ʱ˼ټҪˡ
룬Թܼ⻰˵Ӧûġ
ֻһʱͶô൶Ǿƣô
ײøһĺӣҲŲס
˶εʵȻǾúЪϢɡֻǣܷĳǰѵ
⡭Թܼԥһ˲ʹӦĽڸƵʣŹԵȣĳȥȡ
-

515 ԽԽ

Թܼҵ̬ȷǳ
˵ŴԪֻǸС£վŵۣ漰һѱ
ԹܼҿɲҴ⡣
Ҫ͸үģֻҪ⣬ͻͳȥ
²ù۵۾
ѷϣϢ۶ֻ¼ɡ
̹˵
ֻһʱͶһѱȷʵ̫ˣ貹һ˵ۻˡ
ŴԪּˣ϶ỳɡ
һϢ۶ʱ۾ͻ֪Ȼֻһʱ䣬ɶ챦ף˵ŻѪҲΪˡ
Թܼ˵ʱһֱŴԪķӦ˽ȥδɣ˿
ŴԪûöˡ
˵ŴԪƽʱҲǸ˾˼ȫˡǰѱϣĻ˼ȥԹܼҵ뷨
ԹܼҵĻЩе˵ȻˣԹܼҾ콫ǰѵȡ
Ϊ̫˵ʱԹܼҵݣԴ֮䶼Щʧˡ
ͳվŵλԹܼҲƽС¡
ԹܼҺܿ뿪ˣһŲĴҴҵشһϻ˻
ŴԪŵһ⴫ŲȲվſڿȥ
ԹܼеĳϻӺ۾Ȼһӭ˳ȥ
ŴԪʵ̫ˣ֪ʵ棿
Թܼҵ˵ͷִϻӣε˵ΪʱæѵûüõʸΣЩеò
ŴԪЩ
νĵʺΣǸ˿ģ
һѵؼʲô
Ĺ
ǷùӲУһͶˣ
ŴԪĿƵؿϻĵûԹܼ˵ʲô
ǿʲôˣܿͱϻĵƻ񣬼ǰؽȡ˳
вڵһʱƲû
Թܼҹģ˵УԻõʱ
ŴԪ𵶺󣬾;סˡ
⵶ǹصģ
ȻûϰٽôţҲжʮˡ
ôصĵͨ˿ɼԦˡ
ò˶ã־͸ˣôӵ
ŴԪľ
ɲСȻ⵶˵ˡ
ε̾˿ʶץסһѽг˳
г˲䣬ŴԪѩâֻ˫Ŀ·𱻴ʹһǿҵĲʸС
ʶ۾С
һľѡ
֪ôģ⵶йۿţ͸ޱȷ֮Уûɵĵ
Ȼϸк̲סϲеҪҸطԵ
ԹܼҿĴ̲ס˵ʵˣ֪үڱ߹زȫôһѵ׼͸ү
ûɵֱ˵⵶Ҫ̵ģ
ȴøпŴԪ
ӷȣŴԪ⻰Ȼ˲˹
ûֱԵֻؿĵ󽫵ʣ·Żϻ
ԥһ̲סʵĳ˵˼Ѳ˵嵶֪ɷĳĵΣ
ԹܼΪˡ
ֻƼôһѣŴԪȥ
˵ֻóһѵδᵽġʲô»ʹ֪
ѾЪˣҪʣҲõ˯֮󡣡
ŴԪ⻰ͺʧڶѾΪأҾϢ
ԾеҪЩŴԪεظ뿪ˡ
һ
ʱλܸ˰ɣ
ŴԪص뿪ˡ
ʱɫ̫ѾرգҲܹȥȻ˼ҡ
ۻ֪սȷ˱
Ҳôˡ
߳ԽԽͷ
ϱô˴İأ
ÿɲôð
ǲˣʵǸŮˣ
Уøʺ˵˵ûʺ䣬氮ϴˡ
ҪԺ󶯲ʹĻܿ
ɲһ϶ȥһˣȻȢؼҵͱŮ׳ʿ
Ҫˣû϶ѽ
뵽ȥŻʺ״ˡ
Żʺ󻹲֪£˵˺˾Щˡ
𾪵ؿۣ˵һѱ
ҡҡͷôܣ϶ͷˡһʱ䣬Ŀܶ
޾ǵģ˵úõŮӣôȥأҪ˵ˣ϶ô죿
ԭŻʺȻͻȻ˵¶ˣ檵ǾãҲͦõġ
ۣ
-

516 ս۸

üͷ̫˵ؿŻʺŵʵȻͦã
Żʺ˵ͷȻ˵ȷʵͦõġ̶Ƣһ򲻺ãûء
ǰǵı̫С۸ˡڱİãͻȻãԺ󶼲õˡ
⻰Ī;úе
Żʺ⻰ɶ˼أ
ôֲõԤУ
̲סϲѵ϶Ķ֣
Żʺȴ˵̶ôǸˣѵܸԼϱ֣ҪĴ϶ʱҲͲԿˡ
һ͸Ӳþˡ
̲סַһ䣺Ͳ϶ԺԿ
ʲôµģһˣҪԼϱ򲻹ѵ˵
οǸúӣ̶ȶ֣ǲ̶ֵܸġԳ檲˵ͦõġ
۶ʱĲȥˡ
ɺذڰ֣ˣʱ䲻磬˯ɣ컹糯ء
˵̲סҧʵۻ治˵ģ
ŻʺԹȻٶ˵ܿ˯ˡ
һҹΡ
ʱת۵˵ڶ졣
ŴԪص˸磬컹û͵۾ѯʱ˲һµ˴ææϴ·緹˲ãͼææسţȥ
·еʱӣڳ¶Ӻ󣬾ǶԸˡ
ܿ쵽ȻԹܼҺŵ֪δ
ŴԪʱһʧȴֲԹܼȥߣֻܸŵȡ
ֻûһ;ģ˵ʵĽȡ
ǵԹܼ˵ĻҲǵõʱǰѵ֪ǵҪȥ߹ظ̵ģͦôˡ
ԹܼҵһЦδ깤ӦÿˡŹмңȵʺˣæƷƷ
ŴԪʱϲҲڴ
ڼ뿴ǰѵ깤ӣ뾡׿
һȣһʱ
ҪŴԪȷʵ̫ˣԹܼȻԽӴȴΪȥս𴲡
ֻܵս˴ùź󣬲Ż
ʱȻ;ˡ
ս˯һһ˯ͦá
ΪһĵףҲȷʵ۵òᡣ
ջҲܴ
и벻ջ
սһʼѡ쵶ǿЩֶͻȻȤ
ʲôΪ˳̲ôġ
ֻû뵽ǣܴ֮ȻһЩ
ǹݣ
ɰȻˡ
Ǹ֣ҪڣһõĲ˵򲻳
ͻȻЩ֪ʶ̲ס֡
Щֶ֡
һԣ޷԰ˡ
֪һȻ˺üѲ˵䵶Ҹúܡ
Щ֪ʶ˵ЩѾǿﵽƷĳ̶ˣҪͨö࣬Ҳ
ֻǲϻǲЩŸѧֲַܴڣԶЩƷʻߡ
˵Ǵﵽ˷ĳ̶ȣʵķǳǿ
սҲˡ
ʵ̫Щ
֪ŴԪһΣˣսͦġ
û뵽ŴԪô¡
ӱĸǶѣŴԪȻֱӾͲ³˱Ȳ֤˼Ҳ̫ˡ
սûøô˵źŻװȥŴԪ
ȥʱ˳Ĳ˵䵶ˡ
Ǽ䵶ȥ͸׺͸أ϶ù·
ŴԪˣҪǷˣ滹ôذѵͳȥ
ŵʱ䣬սѾ˵ǡ
ȻŴԪе㱻ŴԪеȸŵˡ
ս̲ס˶٣żߡ
ŴԪĿƵضƽеϻӣʵװģѵЩ
̫ˣûսشȲʵѲɣĵȫɹˣ
˵ͳƽ˹ȥеشߴٵϻҿ
ΪƽǸСˡƽ̬ȾûжԴսʱôСˡ
ƽȵһԥһ²Ŵϻӣˡ
ŴԪһƣȻˡ
۾ԽԽʹļ׵ƽЩôܹѷһأ
һ͵͵쳤˲ӵԹܼҲˡ
Ϊս˼ѵȻõһ͸̡
ţôͷĵǲһģ
-

517 

ϻĵŴԪԹܼҵʱˡ
ŴԪ˫ۣһʹļ׵ģ
Թܼ𾪣·ʣΪʲôЩȫһ
սýֱͣһ˵뿴ͿɣʱСЩЩȽϷ
⻰һŴԪ̲סˡ
ϻĵĿһɨ󣬽ͷ-˳
ԹܼԱ߿ţδ֡
-ϸһʣͷ˵ĺ⡣
ŴԪԹܼҿ-ﶼЩ⡣
-ǼǵЩƣȴֲ̫ͬ
ǵ־ľ-װλһֻ֮УԵǣսϡ
-ǵȣϸ״ǵʮơ
Ȼ⵶ҪǵУɱȻ
ŴԪ̲סбȻһɱˣƺΪ˳֡
ǹһ㣬˴
ƺ磬䣬ҲΪ
ҵ˫ֶץʹá
ŴԪ˵һ㣬Ҳʲô⵶̲סĳȡ
ֱѵǼɱ
ԥһǾʡô¡
֪⵶ʲô˵ƺЩǵȴֲȫһΪλ뵽һѵ
ŹӦüɣҾͨǲ磬Ծͻ룬ǵϣôһѵ
սһЦȻֽ˵⵶ƺ磬Ҿ-׸
˼ŴԪ
֪ݵԹܼң
ŴԪһ⵶Ҫ׸Ͻ鵶ʣСķϡ
Ȼһ䵶
ʣµ䵶ʽϤģûʲôı仯ŴԪһ۾ϳˡ
𾪵ط֣ÿһѵȻǺݣ쳣ӡ
ﵽ˴ëϷĳ̶ȣ
ȵ䵶ȫ֮ʣµľǲ˵ˡ
˵Ҳ˵
ŴԪԥһ£һѲ˵˿
ȻҪѪĳ嶯
˵ȻҲúݣΪһúøִģ
ôģ
ĺø֣Ȼ˵
ⲻǱ
ʶսȥЩֵ˼
սһֱʹŲ豭Сںš
Ŀ󣬾̧ۿ˹ȥĿ⣬ƺȵŵŴԪ˲ˡ
ʱ֪սݣɻǱеŵˡ
ǱͷһͰˮŴԪȷȵĴ˲
ܿʶλԲܹġ
˵ۣһĻš
ɹƾλı£õ۵ʶ¡
ܿڣ֣Ƕ͵ı£ֱܹϡ
ʲô
ЦովȻ˷˺ø֣̫³çˡ
ŴԪ˼󣬾;úһ䣬·߹һ㡣
ѹеĲԥһʵЩ䵶֪δ
Ȼǽáս˲˦ĳĻţүڣȻһж
ŴԪʱЩɵۣ
Թܼҿ̲ס͵ЦЩͬƳŴԪһۡ
ŴԪԥһ˲ûҼȥ
ݣҶȥʲôҪ
ѾһΣһָ˹˵Ѿǹˡ
ɾ͸ûˡ
ڸУҲܼġ
ŴԪǣȻս컹ȥȥ
սȻǲȥ
ϲһʱûס˼ѵͷѾ̫󣬽컹ȶһȽϺá
ο۵òᣬ˵˯һѾ˻ˣҲûʱúһͻȻЩ֪ʶ
ŴԪ֪첻ȥ͹뿪ˡ
ԹܼԽͳţȻȥսС֪δЩ
ս͸⣺׼ȥˣʲô߼
ҡԹܼҹˣֻǾãӦú֪ܿЩ
ûս͸˭Ҳû˵ӦТۣս֮⡣
¼ȻۣȻøТ
˼ѱȴһѶТۣ˵ȥ
սƬ̣Ҷ˳һѣ׸ʡģ׼͸׺λֳ
ԹܼҾˡ
ǾЩףСѵһҪͷˡ
-

518 ̵Ƕ

ս򴽣ЦЦ䴽ǣ޷Ǹ׺λֳͰѵˡ
ֲǴĵͣⶫҲˣ˭֪
ΪŮͶТĸӦõģ˭˵ʲô
οԶģֲ˳̵ղزֳ֪ˣָô
ԶĶֻҪ͸׺ֳ˭Ҳ˵ʲô
ȻѲҪ͸ѡСô
Ͳ̫ˡ
ǳڣɳ̳;ͰˡڣɩӵģԼĶ͸ѣʲôأ
Ѹֲһ
ԹܼұǾЩףô˵ҲӦ
ģܹҲͶɣ³Լ˿ɲ֪
Ÿտ¯ͷ˶ǳ̰ŵģҲүǶġ
ԣͷ۰ĶĿӦû岻֡
еĲֽȥҲ֪׶˼ѵ
ҲֻŴԪ֪ˡ
ŴԪֲǸģ϶˵ֻᱨȥ
ԣ˲֪
ǻʲôõĵģ
ڱ˵ûԶģТ׺ֳǱҲ˵ʲô
ԹܼҾͲٶˣֻʵЩҪȥ
ս˵ǰһϣϢɣȥǰѵ
˶ʵүĵˣ
Թܼ˵ǰѾȥˣӦòˣȥ
ս˵ţҿ˳׼һ£ҿˣǾ͸óˡ
үǱߵҪܵˣҪһˣҹ̸Ϲȥˡ
ԹܼҵȻףȥš
˵˳ȥȥˡ
˴ԼӣԹܼҴһϻӻˡ
ϻӴ򿪺ͷսԶǰն
սûϳ
ⶫǴˣ
Ĺջû˵
սùϸ鿴һ޵۹Ҳë
˺ʵĵʣҵ͵ʶװεüΪ˿Ե׸
Ϊϳ˵ľ죬ʵؼΪӲͨڣûƽװƣ쳣Ȼ
սּ˵Уȷûֽź󣬾͹鵶ʣնŻ˺
ˣүȥɡ
ܿˡ
ͬʱŴԪҲǳҵذϢȥ˵ѴëϷı
û˵ʲô࣬ΪѹûԹĸ˵
˽ԶģǷҲ˵ŴԪҪЩѾͻﻹԵ
ǿˣû
ĵĻۣԻȥ󣬾Ͱ±ȥ
۵õϢʱѾ糯֮
˵ºɵۡ
Ϣʱͷ˸ˣѵˣ
һʱ䣬ѣǴëϷı
⡭ôͲأ
òᶼλ͵İɣ
ȻŸ϶͹ȥˡ
۾̲סֹ
иСèצƵһֱӣӵһ޲ȥ
ƫƫûô
óѰȥ̽С
ŴԪȥģ൱Ƥӵ¡
ͺãһͲ̫׵
ȥʣŸ߶ϱһֱ
һϱôʣ
ۻ
ΪʵֲۣûдëϷıõȥǶϱģ
۾ǿѹĶ·ˡ
ʱת۹ȥ졣
ҹ̣ϣǵ˱߹ء
ʱ򣬻Ѿʼˡ
߹ÿ춼в룬ű˲١
Ϊûңÿսǵơ
󲿶ֻڳפֻܹǽס
»вŸտʼ˫ţ໥̽Ľ׶Ρ
ûʲôڽףͦޡ
Ҳǽƻţƥ˵ģǶݹ᾵ġ
᲻úû
ҲɵãȻƴѹۡ
ˣҵֵﻹĿƷ
ȻЩƷϱģڿɽ׷Χڡ
Щܽ׵ģ˭ҲҰڳ
ڲԭܼʲôö
һģֻҪ߽ҵ֣ûв۵ġ
̵ʱ򣬳̵Ƕġ
ѾõϢˣͶˣ
ֻǲ֪͵ʲô
ԶģȻлͶ϶˰ɣ
-

519 ү

̵սΪ̫˼Զ˸;һĶ
Ե糾͵˫ϻӽʱ򣬿ľǶɵЦĳ̡
˲;ˣ˫͵һ£ӵϻӣ
ϻӹôӵġ
һĻȴѳ̸ŵˡ
̲صһۣô˲Сģ
˵꣬ϻӸˤˣͳվһԵ⵶ʹ˸ɫù
⵶˹ȥǳͷﶼ˳ͬؿһۡ
һ֪ҹ̸ϹģѾۻˡ
ùϻӽ̵ʱ򣬺һ䣺үһ·ϹۻˣȥϴһúЪһЪɡ
ԣʶŵһۣ촽ˣȷۻ˵ӣ˵һ·ˣİɣġ
ģлүԸΪүЧ
˵˵ϻô£ʱ򣬿ʲô
˵үµһҪϻ͵үС
̶ʱЩģأ
˵˵߲ܵ飬µҹ̣ٶȽ͵үС
̣
ʵĿɲ
һԵ⵶ɫÿ˵磬үȿϻװʲô
ԣص˵ͷִϻӡ
Ȼ͵صɴ˫ۡ
ϻûбĶֻһݣǳն
ǰ֮ˣһ⵶ϲˡ
˵ûУ⵶ʵƯ
ͳΣ㹻ϲˡ
ο⵶ս͸ġ
ֻǻʵҲϲ
⵶Ա͵͵һۣϻնҲˡ
ǰЩӳ̵һֱãûǡ
Լ̵˼ȴֲȰ˵ֻ͵Ÿɰд˷Źȥϣɰܹİʾ
ûӣɲֱӸдš
Ҫó֪ˣǵõɣ
ʱŻȥҲûұ̫ϣԡ
ȴ룬˶
͵ľȻһѵ
⵶Ҳ̫Ưˣǲ֪Ρ
⵶Ҳ̫ˣ͸ոնһô
дŻȥˣ·ϵʱ䣬Ϣ󣬾˸үͶˡ
ô̵ʱ䣬һµɣ
ѵǱ̫ãԿȽ£
⵶кɡ
̲ס˳һۡ
̵ӣƺϲѵ
Ҳǣġ
үϲְɣ
⵶̹άүˣȻΪүѰôһѱ
̵𴽽ǣȻ˵ǱȻԱġ
⵶ĬĬǸĳУ̲סǺǣҲ֪˭Щ
ϧѹû˼ȥ롣
ѾȲó˵
ҪεͻȻ뵽ʲôǹϽ͵˳ȥȥЪŰɡ
º󣬳־ؿ⵶һۣˣȥúչˡ
⵶
¸ͲҪȥ
үҪˣҲôܰɣ
⵶и̣ȴұ¶ֻʵ˳ȥ
̫˽ˣ
֪̿϶뿴ǰѵ¶ԲŹǶ˳
ߣ֪ͲдǷŵģ
Ҳ֪ǰѵô
뿴أ
⵶һͻȻǰͷϽ׷ȥ
˿һ㶣磬ôҲˣ
⵶ЦЦү֪ۻˣչ㡣
һ⻰˼ƤЦ磬ɱҡ
үŲô
⵶ͲٶʵˣϻĵǿûУǰѵô
˶ʱЦ磬ֲǲ֪үƢǿص͸үģСĸҿ
⵶룬˵ҲеͲٶˣȥķ䡣
һߣ̰˸ϳȥȲؽ˳
ѩĵУеˮƯƣ˲۾
ǿϡ䱦ȵؿŵС
ûãȲָ֣ڵϵ˵
͸ӻˡ
С
˭ָ֪Ÿȥ͸еۡ
ϸһָϾȻ˸СӣѪ
ָϵ˿ڣȴûĿƵؿĵ
⵶̫ˣ
̼ˣ̲סӶ󣬳ſڵķһ
-

520 һ

һϢԼûϡ
˭֪֮˷ܵŵߵſڣȥȻʱ
ָţԭķͻȻ
˲Բ˫ۣ
ʱץŵʣάŵơ
ȴûˣѾһء
ͷŵæ˹ÿյĴͻȻһء
ͱŵˣɵؿվſڵĳ̡
ΪͻȻһأ̵Ӱ¶ˡ
ŻάƵĳ̣ͻȻӵĳ̺еɵ
⻰ǿɲ˵
Ҳ˲䷴ӦָͻȻһţȻתŻ˻ȥ
۵ϵƬֿĵͻȻͱˡ
һ̣̳ɵӣſѵԾ
Բһĵ
ѰĵҲôµ
ողһʱ̲סһѣ˴ţҲ
Կ϶ǵ⣡
ǲǣ֪֮
̴ŵȥ䳡Ȼ׼˲˰ӡ
ǿɣԼĪиֱ۴ֵӡ
һ㵾ݣͦ
ͷ˵Ƥס
Ƥףǰ˴̵ʱ򣬽ɻսƷ
һǴϰġ
ƽʱû˻ᴩǴڲϣϰɱ
Գ֮󣬰Ӻܿ׼ˡ
վڰǰǰƤ׵Ĳˣ˲ñ䡣
һ̣ս͵ذγУӸһԵ⵶Ȼ£ǰĲˣ
ΧвڿȻûʲôǲѾ롣
·ͷĲɣ۵Ķ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ǲؿǰѻնȵþڿˡ
ʿˮ˵ҵ죬⵶Ҳ̫ˣ
⵶û˵ֻųǰѵ
ʱѾµĶ
ߵڶǰٴ˹ȥ
ˣղǸЩһ
ͷҪһЩ
ҪҲѡ
²ʿĵ˵ǿˣл߱пھͲˡ
ȻһȥڶǶһˡ
ĵп۶ûУһĲ
Ϊһɱүôܻ᲻ϲıأ
ѵʵ̫θˣ
̼ˡ
Դ;ĵ̫ˣϧûиõĵֻܽš
ϴ赤ʵ˲٣ԭõǰѵ˵͸Ӳˡ
ﶼƮƮģ·ûʲôһ
ԭڷ֪ҪβҵһѺõĵ
˭֪սȻôľϲ
̫ϲѵˣ
սôôĵѵλʦ͵ģ
뵽̿ʣµĲˡ
׼ʮˣոտڻʣ˸
뵽ǰһصľţһ̲סһ
һΣǶ׼ȥģǶ׼ʣµвˡ
ӵʱ
뿴ղžǲĴ
ǰʱŷŻһʱƺСĶ
һʲôûУʵѾнƬ
ڣԿ⵶ʹúǲĻ
ǾȵؿһУôҲû뵽̻ô
̵Ķһǵ˲ͱø
үô£
ʲôа
һȻʲôûү߳ŭǰô죿
͵͵ֹʱ˭Ҳû뵽ʣµİ˸ˣȻը˿һ
һĻ̫£ŵڳȫɵۡ
ϵϵѪɫܿʵһɶֻʣ²Ұס
⡭Ҳ̫ˣ
үոյʲô
ôôµ
ǡǲһѵôȻڻ
µҪǵսϣһӹȥ˻ܺ
ҪЩһķѣ
Ҫ֪Щͷɵģ
ոһȥɶҪǻˣҲˣ
뵽ܣǵɫˡ
̵ɫҲˡ
𾪵ؿһĻԽȷţ⵶λɸģ
ðΣмлع
뵽Щʵˣʹһѵ
ǳ̹׼һ£ȥǣ
Ұǣ
ȥǣ
ʱ
ǿųĵͻȻʲô
Ǽ٣ɱӺɣ
Ҳ
ҪЩ˿ѵǺǡ
-

521 

̶յ⼫ˣ䳡Թ󣬾ʹһɱ˳⡣
ʱ⻹פĶ顣
פĵطǳʮԶλãǳǽ¡
һֱˣεĻоǸ͵塣
һֱ˳жűɵĶ
̴ǲɱȥפʮ˺ܿյϢ
е˾Ϳʼ
֮ǰһֱûǣǾʲô˼Ҳû֡
س̾Ȼܳˣֻôˣֱ͸û
ʵϲĶӣҪܹץסѵ±߾ʵ򿪳ţϱŮ
ǣܿͷŶ͵͵˴Ӫ׼ץס̡
ݳϢγֻ˶ʮ
ͷȥٸȫľ
ôˣ϶ܹץס̣
ӵͷаضܵ죬͵سǰͷﻹ˷ܵ˻𣬾Ǻһ
ӪľҲڡ
ԴǴȥó˾͸С
Իȥ֮ëԼˡ
֪ضȻȥץ̣ľ۾
վһԣҲЩòܱ˰ض
ľȴԥ
˵ٹڳ̵¼
˵λɱ˲գۣʮΧӲɱһѪ·
ɱ񣬿ɲǺöԸġ
γͻȻܳ˭֪ķ˷裬Ǹ׼壿
ض̫嶯ˣɲϵ
Իȿɡ
һ󣬰ľ͵վһ˳ȥ
û̫죬ڰض˺ͷ¡
ܿ죬ضŵ˳̵ˡ
ȻǾˡ
̸ֻȫϣǰĲݵϰһֻɱ
ѪһأɢŨѪζ
ԶѾмȺѪζˡ
ض˿һĻֻʣһ뷨ӣǸӣ
Ŵ˶ʮ͸ܳ˵Ȼҹ⽫Ⱥչ
Ҫ֪ųȺʳ٣Ͷ۾ˡ
ο컹ǽļڡ
Ⱥʱӿꡣ
ʱܳȺʲô
ۿĶԽԽ࣬ضȾ䡣
ԷԼ˵Լˡ
ϣضŲԶĳֿ̣ǣ¶ڻ
˵ɱ飬Ǹǳ
ιץˣ˵Ҫʧ
֪Ȼôõģ
ȻǸӣ
Լôǡ
ȺΧ֮Ҳ˵òˡ
ʱ׾پͿץסΪӢۣ
ʵ̫ˣ
գ
ض˷ܼˡ
ֻѪζĶԽԽࡣ
ڲϱƽ
Ǽɵų̸ߵȺûֱӳȥСؿ
Сûг̫á
̫ˡ
ҲѪζջ̫ˡ
ȺԽԽ
ض˿һĻǲ۾ѪĹ⡣
尡
ҧǣ
ضĵ˵
ۿȺԽԽһֱûжĳ̣ͻȻγ˵
ضüؿһĻֻڴŽɱ¾
˵ĴֻһֱûнӴ
һҪúƣ˵ɱ˲գ۵ǲô
ضΪ̻ȥ
˭ֻ֪ǻһ
һĻضɵۡ
ڸʲô
ѵǱȸӣ
˵ôݰ
ѵĳսǰʽȱȸӣٳȥ
˵ͻȻ˾ԣȺôû
⻰һҲ˲Ծĵط
ףô£ЩǣôǱסˣ
ٵİɣǲǿˣ
ʱµһĻˡ
ֻЩƽӲ·𱻶ĶǣͻȻķѣһ⣡
ѪĽ̵Ѫһء
ضԲ˫ۣ𾪵ؿһĻ
ô£ЩôͻȻˣ
ˣǻķˣ
ô˭ɵģ
˭ˣҸոôʲôû
Щû
ԣǸˣ
⻰һ˵ɫʼס
ǰˡ
ڸողǰһ
һƮƮģһûС
ȺźüԶľ룡
ôƮƮƺһȻЩȫɱˣ
ⲻܣ
ôܻôµĵ
֪˶ãһֵ˵ô𣿡
-

522 ķǵŮ

Ļһ䣬˲
˭Ҳû˵ȫŲԶЩķѵʬ
˭Ҳû뵽ԭʤȯյһΧɱȻǿµһĻ
˶ô
ܵģ
϶Ƚ⣡
Զ˵ˣɱ飬㱻ʮΧҲɱһѪ·
ԭΪԿˡ
ڿɱһѪ·ʲô
ոһʮܱɱˣ
ոһô°
ôô
òʲôаɣ
һѹֵĳĬ̲סʵǻҪץ𣿡
⻰һ˶Ĭˡ
û˵
ץ
ʲô
Ϊ׵İضĵؿųֱ̣ġ
ҪĿɱˣ̹Ѿǧٿˡ
Ŀ⣬ŤͷƳһۣмˡ
𴽽ǣЦһλҲǳԵģ
ضˣ
ȷʵǳԡģϧڿ̫ͣҪ֣˵ҲЩһˡ
ʵЩ¡
ǵǲôҪһͱԷɱˣ̫ˡ
ǰضЦһ£ŵ˵˵߳ȺΣգԹ
Բץģ
Цؾĵŵðضˣ±ˡ
һɫӲԱŵòᣬ̲ЦʵλñѵΣ
ضŵ˶£ȻȻϡ
Ц⼫ˣҲôģֻǲ֪ɱ˹˵ǲǸԣ
£ض˾͸Ӿˡ
ԣ
˭ԣ
ӾԲ㣡
̼һŵòᣬŵ𴽽ǣҪȥˣ͸λ¾Ʋ˺ˡ
˵꣬ȵͷɱȥ
Ƿ׷׸ȥ
ߵʱ򣬻˰ֻնʬˡ
ѿһֻܻٶأɲܱˣ
Ǿϸúܡ
ض˭ҲûҶ
ôؿųԽԽԶ
˲ģǾôɿǱǣż
Ȼ˵ͱһ˵˱ȥˣ
սͰˣôɱ֡
ˣҪǱͻȻȥܺ
ҪܰɱͰˣҪɱǾҪɵǶˣ
˵ˣƾղһܹɱ
ڷʲô
Ҫ߳ŭͻȻǻһ֪ܻˣ
ض˿ŵϵЩ⣬鸴Ӽˡ
ȴ̸֪ǣʱҲӵúܡ
ˣһľƯ۹
սܹ뵽ǧ͹˷ˡ
ȻôһѾ
ʵ̫ˣ
ϧѾˣղǰҲƻúܣû֡
ңǺͷһˡ
ȻĻոѵ
˹Ȼûһö
Уøսдš
ˣܵñʾһ¡
Ȼľ͸϶ںɣ
˵ʲôֻޣǸķǵŮˣ
뵽غһˡ
ںǣǸովԻǻˣ

ǣ
ѼҴ߽һսʵɩӣͻȻ˽ҹʲôԸ
ս˵ϵĳϻӣ˵һҪТʡ
һͲµˣɩ˵Ķϻ
̲ס죬ϻװĻʲô
ңɩôʱͻȻТأ
ѵǶǱ߳ʲô飿
ûʲô
ĺɵʱս˵ͷ˵ûͷװţҪ𣿡
Ѷʱ£ǡҾȿ
ţ粻ڣΪܵܵðŶչɩӡ
ɩҪТɲʲôТġ
æۣһʲô׵߸ʲϲģɩӡ
ôţİˡ
ǡʱԹܼųϻ͵˳ǰ
Ѻشϻӣͷһѵ
ʺ͵Ƕ˱ʯװƣְ
һ۾ϲˣ̲ס˵⵶Ư
˵꣬óγ˵С
Ȼ͵ɴ˫ۣס
⵶
Ѳؽȫ˳ָոչȻûѵĵп쳣
ԭΪǰӻȻ´ˣ
-

523 ܶӿӵ

ĵðζû
⵶Ȼӻ
ôأ
ȵȣ
ոɩӺ˵⵶ҪТʵģ
ͷӶһˣõôõĵأ
ʲ˷ô
أ
ɩӣ⵶ʿˮ⵶ǴĶģ
սЦؿҲҪ
ѱ˼Цһʣѵɩﻹжģ
ûУսطˣҪ취ɡ
Ϊɩӣܵñӡ
ҪͣҲɳ׸͡
г̲ڣֱ͸ѵģ
λǸ˼еģҪˣ鷳
οȷûжĵ
֮ǰѵ׻̫ˣõ͵Щ
Ȼֶʮѵ۸סˡ
Ա͵͵
ҪǵԺɡ
Ѳ֪ҶսԶģԵҲûȣЩʧ
ִѵ⡣
⵶սТ۵ģֱܲ˽ˡ
Գ˼ȥǶ֡
һѵѣ⵶װε̫ˣӻɲͷӵϲá
Ȼ˹ͷӰѵ͸ͷֲϲӻ϶Ӧ
뵽ЩȲˡ
ûսŽ׵Ľڣˡ
սǸɴģ̲סЦζ
ѵ˼̫òˣֻϧҪʧˡ
뵽̲סۣͬʵ̫ˡ
ڵʱѹŲҷӲֱֶ۸Ϊ˱òװɵ
ò췴ɹˣʡĵܶӡ
һֱ͵͵£Ҫӡ
ԺˣֶλȲظƽӵ
Żʺ󻹽ڣԺŻʺûˣɾıɹ¼ҹˡ
뵽սüͷ
ʷŻʺͦģǲӦʲô
ôţֺܲܲŻʺȥ
۸ޣơ
ۿǾ޴ĴԾˡ
ʷأŻʺǲģѾûˡ
ǵ˵ѾףҸᣬúøŻʺơ

ܶӳѺܿ˹ۡ
⣬խZֵ
ŵĳϻӣü
Ѽϻӵ˹ȥ֪أɣͷɩӸʵТ
խZһһ˲
ѵɩӣǲս
ֱ̫ӱխZˡ
Ǿû˲֪Ѹ̹ϵãֵô̫ӵ¡
̫ˡ
˭
Գѿеɩӣ϶ս
խZľ
Щ벻ͨսΪʲôҪʱ
겻ڵģ̫ʰɣ
ϻӵĳȣֲ̫õԤС
ܿϻӾʹˡ
ͷĶղǹɲõԤ˲ʵ
խZͷǰѻҶ޲̳ȥսú׳ӷ裡
ʲôãȻ͵
ʲôˣ
Ĺɲ
ݣʲôû
սһլŮӣĶȥѰʲô
͵ƨĵô
խZԽԽ̲סġ
üͷ͵͵гһأ뿴⵶ô
ȻĵУ񵱳ֱˡ
⵶
Ѿȥˡ
һ۾ϲ̵˵ʣտǸˣ
񣿡Ƴһۣʲôˣ
˶
Ϊ޲֪أ
СӸողȥͷ˸ϻӳ
ɩĶȻǰˣ
ѵȻǲս͵ġ
Ҫôȳ̻˻õ
ܿЦ˵ʵǶɩҪТʣ̫㣬ж
źһȻװʵأ
˵ͷΪĹأûֱӴ
۵ȻĹء
ͳʹ˸ɫȥý
̳ȥˡ
ûһ˫ųϻ˽С鲽͵ǰϻӡ
Ѽ״˵ʣɩ̫ϲãҲһƬТģǧɩӡ
⵶Ҫǲϲ͸ϲֻƯģϿ϶رɡ
۵Ȼ֪ѵϲСӻϲֻĶ
СôģǱ¿Ӹô
-

524 

ؿŵվŵܶӡ
ϱТĶ治ϲҲпȥ͸һѽ
ⲻǴ϶ϱô
ƽСûô˰ô˵ֻ
۾ɵؿ˳һֵۣͷ˿ϻҶ
ܿ죬еĹϣЦ
Ǹ˶
Сӿ϶ǿ֪ǺöŪҪѵȥ
СС˭أ
ûпŴԪϢ֪϶ѴëϷıҲܱСӸŪס
Цһץסһѽ˳
ѩĵУ۵˲
ȻͿŴԪϢ֪϶ѴëϷı
ϱ϶ֲڡ
Щ뷨ҲôϽʻѶ
ǰߴȥ̫˵
֪ģΪԶϱʲô뷨ء
̫ԵԵ̫Сѵݲ¡
Щһֱţ˵ԼȥǼѵ
û뵽ŴԪеıȻôƯ
⵶һͲǷҲ֪ϵôġ
Ȿ¿϶λɽ̳ġ
˲򵥰
Ž϶ã϶ܶˣ
Ҫȥϸò˰ɣ
̲סֹ
ܿ죬ٶȱĵסˡ
µĳһֱŵӴȣ֪黵ˡ
ǲģʹŵ˵ʣ⵶Ưʵǰӻ
Ҳܹɩӣһ˼ңﶮ֮أ϶ǱĸƭӸŪסˣ
ȥˡ
Լȥð˶ˣ
˵֪ɩǰòŸ˰ն
˲ɵˣնն
ۼһ˵ģЦǰնɩӺ֪ܲǹ磬Զظ͵ȥ
˵ǵëϷǰѵõıϧѾ͹ȥˣҪٶȹ죬ڹѾյˡ
Ҫ뿴Ļֻܹܵһ۸ˡϱȢúܲ˵ǲǣ
ѱöˡ
ǰϱȢ̫ˣ
ĺ£ôûأ
ۿŶһһͬ磬ĶϹء
أ
һתۣȢ˱ɩ
ɩӻǸرиġ
ƬĵأڳŴʼױ
ȻëϷıŪˣ
ǴĶŪİ
ҲҪ
̴Զģ˰ѱնҲû۸
ǸҶȡһ¡
Ѿ۰Ͱ͵ؿҶʣﶼûѳֵĵأ㿴Ҫ
ۼװ˼һ󷽵˵Ҫ˵ⷿӦûмõģȻԼȥɣҪʲôʲô
ѣ
㵱ɵأ
ⷿҵʲôö
۰Ͱ͵ؿҶʣ㲻ϲӻ𣿲͸ô
ǺǡЦһͻȻ˵ͻȻЩûпУĹˡ˵һֱæųᣬò˰ɣ
˲ر𲻺õԤУܵطϣû
۴ýãһԿУĹ޳ȥ
ѵȻˣֲɵ
ЦʣͲ˰ɣ⵶ۣҪǲС˵˸壬Ƕ಻á
۲мؿǣƾҲ˵ޣʲôأϽģ޳ȥ
Ѿܾˣֻÿɥȥˡ
ͷտĵط۷ԸһȻ󳯳̧̧°ͣ䵶
ίشˡ
խZӹ䵶С˵ʣȻֿɱ̫أĶ֣
صһۣεɣ
ֻð˵
ԥŲҳ֣۾ȳˡ
ΣֻӲͷƤֿ
Ͼ׸ӣ۵Ȼܶ׶º֣ԳٶҪƽʱһЩ
һͻȻһ˹ȥ
ѸϽӵء
ѵ˲Կһ
Ȼһ䵶˲ϳء
ʱɵۡ
Χ״ҲǴʧɫ
֪ѵ䵶ʹ͵ģһѱ
ڣ⵶Ȼֱӱˣ
⡭
խZųĶϵԼҶһ÷ɿ졣
ûǣǰò˵ǰҶТģ
-

525 ʵۼҵܶ

խZ鸴Ӽˡ
رսʣĶġ
Ȼ뵽սݣֻܰ
Ҳ˵ڹڵֵ뿪
뿪ˣҲϾȥսѯʡ
Ȼ֪ˣô룿
ѾͲһˡ
±ƹ󣬿Ķϵ޳
ĵ
ôãȻˣ
ʣ͵ؿĵĿƵ˵ĵˣ
ĵ
Ҫһѣ
ۿֻżĵ
ϸпڣû˿ĥŹ鵶ʣֱӹˡ
Ȼѣո˵ʲô
Ϲҵĵĵٴ˵ʣĵˣ
˾ͶˣٴһѾˡ
˵ְֵϵҶ
ţ⵶϶ϱǸµġ
֪϶ǰնô
ѼǶֻĶʹˡ
ǲģָ˵ʣϲҶ
رһѣ
Ķһ٣۾ûضһۣһ
Ѽ״ӵĶϵϽȥ
ǾԲôġ
խZ͵͵ҡҡͷ
ĵӿ󣬿ϧעҪʧˡ
ԼǸģôһıˣ
뵽߹ȥϵĶϵ˳㿴۶Ͽڡ
Ͽڵܿ۾
ѵҲǷǳˡھȻ׾ͱ͵ĵնϣǵȻôô
õǴĶѰģ
խZʵЩ벻ס
ʱͻȻ໡һʹһǺ
ò£϶ǰˡ
խZ̲סЩֻ˿ûб¶
˺һĴŴ򿪣˳
խZ͵͵һۣ·Щ죬϶Ǳòᡣ
ѶϵѣѳҲû˵
ѵխZһۣ£˵䣬ͻȻխZݣϽˡ
ָ˰ѰһѱأɲܰɩӸˣ
խZɩӵ״磬ҪǵڽѵխZɩܲ
뵽Ѵ˸飬ͻȻЦխZļ˵ܲ
խZƤðˣ
ޱ飬ȫûϲ˼óë
۵Ƥӵأô¸ղ̫
Ҫᣬ뱻أ
խZʶ̫׵æջצӣת뿪ˡ
ûխZôǣֱȥսһӵĿˮ
ɵСӻ֪ǰҶսԶģָսԼ䣬ó̰Ѱһѱأ
սӦ˻˵û󣬳ſˡ
սＫˡ

߹ء
̴ԣر߳ǡ
ܵ·˳ؽش
ش˵ֻ˶ʮǣ
вأ
Ҫǳ̱ץסԴɾͱסˣ
شּ³̵һͷ˿Ͻűȥˡ
һ·ĵ궼ûˣ˭֪ܵ·Ϳ˻ĳ̡
һƣƺ
شݺһ̲ס棬ʲôʱôʵˣ
ѵΪУ
˵Ǳ߲˶ԸʵǻУŽӵ⣡
ôȥһȦ˾Ȼʵˣûʲô
ش뵽ЩǱ߸òЩԾɣ
ȥȭ̼Ȼ̽ѯүҪǣβЩˣ˲ˣүǿǺã
ѪһЦǵҲʵɱ˾ǡ
ش
̽ʵүˣ
Ӧûɣ
ȻЩ˿϶ʵ
˵Եʱһ֧˵Ա߿ţǿͰѴ͸ˡ
شԴͷ˲ʺţ
ˣ
˵
ѵûʲô
ش̣˳Щжү
ǲҡ̵һЦһѳն㿴ѵΣ
شѩĵУһĽعάүĵȻǺõġ
ˬʵشЦҲãѵüˡ
˵꣬ͻȻŲԶ»һ
һĻش
үͯδ
ͷ̵˿ɲֹһ˶Щó̺ˡ
˭֪ʱͻȻѿˣ
-

526 ۸

ۿͻȻûɡѿشȫˣ
ûôõģϹȥ
ðΣشŻع
ͻȻʶʲô͵Ťͷ̿ȥӵɵԲģ·ʱܴۿ
ʣүո¡
̲ʣ⵶Ȼɣ
˶٣һź˵ϧ̫ˣﶼһأѪѿˡ
ûȥֻܱǰˡ
ǰһͲǺö֪ԣռˣͶ̥Ƶġ
ش
Ѿ֪˵ʲôˡ
ԭģػǸᡣ
ѿ£ͻȻԼܿܲ´ˡ
Щû֣ǸˣǱŵˣ
Ҫûѣȫ飬˼ܲ
شﻹǴ˼ֻɡ
̿ˡ
Ǵӵڶ쿪ʼشȥԡ
һ죬˵ش˶ܲˡ
ĵ£жҲμˣ³һǸˣ
Щˣ
ȥδӵͷ죬˼
ȥʹ˷ܵ·磡
Ϊ˻ŻѪѾ˼ȺϮ̶ӣԴ˲ɱȺ
λǣ˵ˣλĻ⣬Դ˻λزԭ
»˵λԷĽףڲ˷ԻУǰԭλ˵ЩԵˡ
˵Ļ˻
ͣ
ȥ
һô֮£ԭùģ·˲òӲͷƤС
³ȥԭϴɱ䣬ڲܣԴγöˡ
صʬɣ
ǻ
ôһӹȥȺ˲ķѣ⣡
ôܸɳģ
ʵϣشҲŵòᡣ
Ҳһɳ̸年ˡ
ƾ̵ı̬ʵﻹõŸ年᣿һ˶ܰѳǰȫˣ
Դӳ̴֮󣬻еһӾͱ˳
ÿĽԽԽ࣬Ʒʶ˲١
֪ȥεĻоˡ
ֻǣ˶ĵ
Ǳ߹ؽشһֱĳŵܳȥɱ䡣
˵Ҳͦǰˣɳ̵ݱϾһ㡣
һЩ˱Ƽˣʱ̿ɾΣˡ
Ҫ˵û۽
ĵȴ֪ѹûдɱ˼
ŵսȥˡ
죬ճȥ￴֮״Ʋ⵶⵶˵ڵ𣿡
ͻȻ㵽⵶һĬƬ̲˵·ϲĻӦǵˡ
̲ס𴽽ǣȻּʵŶ˵ǿ͸ϲ𣿡
⵶ΪʲôҪشүֻ⣡
⵶ҧҧȻάֻҪү͵ģ϶ϲ
ô˵Ӧûɣ
˭֪ͻȻ۾õضô֪϶ϲ
⵶
ƵòѪ˺һŷʵǡү͵Ķѵ᲻ϲ𣿡
»ɳ˵ˡ
ôܻϣ
ն˵͵ĶȻϲ
ȴЩ
սϲ
λսдŹȥЩʲôأ
ϴ˹͵Ȼ˸дţ϶̫æˡ
ζдŹȥˣսӦûס˰ɣ
ﲻͣĥš
⵶ûټڣ͵͵˿

ǣսŷ糾͸ϻüͷЩá
ʲôë
ԶģȻͶ
Ҳ°˸
ھǣ̴ֲڱ߹أȱʲôɣ
ȥϢɡ
ܿ˳ȥ
սĺӣԥһ£Ǻشˡ
ֻһš
ó󣬵װľȻһӵıʯ
ЩʯȻֻ򵥴ĥȴҲʮƯս˵ЩʯҲЩƯʯͷˡ
̾ȻԶ˸ôһʯͷǲòᡣ
ѵ˵صţ
˵ʲôˣ
սؽŴ򿪣ϸ˿
ȴ沢ûʲôرݣֻ˵Ѿյˣ̺ϲ˲ʵһѵ̫
սЩ±ơ
ʲôʱˣ
Ѳɣʵʲô
뵽ܣսϸо
˵˲ʵһѵѵ˵ӣһ̣
ĻǲǸʲô
-

527 ʲô

սԴյţͿʼĥô¡
ȥǾãȻ岻ʵǾʹһٺˡ
ǣôأ
ҩǺöҲǿⶫ̫ˡǰ˼ѵѾˡ
Ҫڻҩۿ϶ס
ԥսһ
ȻУǾ¹ˡ
ֿʼչءˡ
һսóĶ嵤ü
ϴ赤ȽУõҩҲΪѵá
嵤Чûϴ赤ôãõҩҲûô󣬿˵Ǳ˴롣
뵽İ취ܼ򵥣ȻҩУٶ쵶ҲʣǾһ֧ʿˡ
ûôĺڣ嵤ֻǿʣƻ˵塣
Щ嵤͵ôþˡ
ս˽֮ǰŵһŶ嵤ȥ
Ƭ̣ͷϰµġ
ʲô
ΪʲôҪҳ
ѵʲôҪɱң
ǹץҩȥ
ˣҪò
ӣҪҲֻܰȥ
սԵøɴ࣬︹̣ŴĹȻûȨʲôҩ֪Ȼ˵ԾͳԣҲ̫ˣ
Ҳãٿʡȥ鷳
ܿ˵Ƕ嵤ܹǿʣҩЧʱȽܡ
ڻȥݸˮ裬ܶʹţȲʹˣٴˮ·ҡ
Դϲܿȥ
ѸٻصסĵطҪһͰˮѵ·˽ȥ
ûãϾʹУƵġ
ʹ˵ʲôɾסˡ
ԽԽʹ
ʹ֮
š
·˺ܾãǹҪץӷεǹȥˡ
˿ȻͻȻòԾ
ոջܵȻر
·˺ܶһ
ãԼܹһͷţ
УȥˣԽԽö
ʵܲˣȲشԡͰվ
ҴҲ廻ϸɾ·ʼԥǸȥأȥһأ
ԥƬ̣׻ǲս˼;ȥս
մţŵһ˵ζ
ϸһһ˶ʳУ˹
ģðɡ˵ˣȥ
ԴϲսλŮӸǸмѡ
˵˺üлĻʳнȥˡ
ʳĲɫܷḻв⻹жҷС
ˣһԵģſӴԵúܿ죬͸˺üһ
֪еķȫˡ
ſյ̣ľ
ƽʱķûô
ٵķƽʱ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ԱĸоãھԼһȭܴһͷţ
뵽̲סɵЦĹȻҪ˵һȭһͷţ̫ˡ
ǳ̫ɵĴɡ
Ա㣬ûٵ飬ȥս
սһۣɫ˫ĿһѪʢӣʹˡ
ƽ׼ĺӽ˵ү󣬰ӽסһҪԽүӲñ֪𣿡
һ˺ӵҪԣϽڵϣһؽүУ
ս˵ͷȥɣ·Сġ
ܿˡ
ߺս
ʼĥһˡ
ˣֻ֮ǰûТҪ͸˸׺λֳ֪н١
óѰæТǰҶֹ˼졣
˭֪ͻȻͶ
ѾѳҪĶ׼ã˸ȥˡ
Ҳʱһˡ
սϻ

һֱ̫
̫Ƕˣ
սТȻٽ˹԰µõı
ĽùǺһս͵ģʱۻˣ͸˭ĸƵġ
ȥ֮ͳխZһ١
ΪôҪ飬խZû˵
֪խZŹⲻ˵ġ
˭֪߯ǶȻŽйȥҫ
սȥʱûǰӣռ˶֪
ֱ˺ſڣŲŵϢ
֪սˣԭᡱڴϵһˡ
Ѷͷϵʪһӣ˾ͳ˳ȥٻһرıӰ
-

528 ۾

ŷɱȥ磺
ĬĬӣر
֪ԴŴӹһģһ󲿷ʱڴϲ
ԽԽģ̫ҽвϡ
˶ΣɣŻǲϴӦ
Ϊ۸˵ʲôŲһصӡ
ĵ˯ʼجˡ
ţ˱˲Ͽˡ
ŵã
˵
ոջ˵ܣء
ܼһ˵ˣܵñ˭죡
ֲɵ￴ǱŸƭˣ
ϧٶ̫죬׷ϣֻҧгݣںͷš
ûܿ͸˳ȥ
Ůò׻ؼһˣܶͷ
ȻҪϽȥúÿŮôˣúòãû۸
սʱˡ
۾ϸϸһƣźģ˫ĿԲӣ
þȥơ
˼սڳ׻ûŶ֡
ȻǾ̫ѿˡ
սˣվЦеسһ񣺡ĸףȥݼĸɡ
ϽסҲǵģԼõôڿҪһøء
սЦЦס
ֲĹŴˣ
Ϊתעʵĸɺã
˵ͷĸܺãӲʵúܣЩ㡣ˣȴȥĸ϶ˡ
˵꣬һۣΪ⣺ߣ쵰ܵÿôҪȸȥĸף
ţ
ƵغһսȥˣҲϽȥﻹԴǵ˵Ҹһȥ
սúЦʲôҲû˵
ۻŽҶҫ
Ÿ֮Сìܣ˳
ֲǳˣŮҲö˵ֻ֪
ܿ쵽̫̫Ժӣ̫̫Ѿվͷˡ
սϴϻҲ֪ǽصشϵģƽﶼôš
ս̫̫ͦеġ
뵽̫̫ʹˣ۾ҲȽϳʹȻ̫̫۾
ѾǶ·Ѿ֪˸ɵʦƳ̸ࡣ
ڰ̫̫۾Ҳͻأˡ
ѵ·ۡ
Ǳˣĸ
̫̫ս˺üۣܿ۵˵ѽˣô£ôˣѵﻹ˸۸㣿
սɲˡ
˼ûг֣žˡ
Ц˵ĸ뵽ĶȥˣڣҾӣ˭۸ң
̫̫ȴǼֵǿɲ˵С۸˶֪أ
ԼұŮ͸СƵģ˸۸ˡ
սһΡ
ֲ̫ˣɴת⣺ĸҰ㿴۾ɡ
̫̫һ㶣۾ô
Ȼ۾ĸ㲻֪Ĳɶˣڵҽɱȹȥˡ
ս˵˵˵ܰĸκ۾Ժĸô۾ܿء
̫̫ôţȴû˵ʲôĻЦ˵ھͰĸơ
ս̫̫ȥ˹ڣСժ۾ʼ۾
ʵ̫̫۾Щˣʹˣϻۣ۾Ϳ
״ѰӻβõģֻܸһЩ
սүүѧҽֵһشУκ̫̫۾˵ǲѡ
ֻҪҩģ޸̫̫۾ϵˣϻۺ
ʵ̫̫ڵҲر
ŴŮ˳ɻ磬Ҳ硣
Žʮ̫̫꣬Ҳʮꡣ
úñĻܸЩ
ִˣӹúˣ˥ϵþ
Ŵûеƣ߲ܶŮ˻ҪͰ۾
ռǰûʱ̫̫ҲǳԹģʮ۾Ͳ̫ˡ
սκ۾Թأ
֮ǰû£ûǰҩá
ֻȸ̫̫ģȺҩˣٸ͹
̫̫Ȼôսзκ۾սˡ
Ĺһ۾ͷҰȻ˺ܶ࣡
ץסսҵ۾ҵ۾Ǻ𣿡
-

529 Ӷ

ҰͻȻɰ̫̫ˡ
սô˷ܣЩĴǸ˵Ļǵ˵
֮ƣûȫκãùҩ֮󣬲ܳ׺
ʱĸ㲻۾Ҳܿһ
̫̫Դϲ漴Щ᣺Ļ۾ǰ׷ˣ
ս˵ĸǾϲղⶫЩܲһֱš
ҲȰǰǸ۾òϾòˡŮТӦõġ۾Ҫκãܱȴ۾ǿ
̫̫֪˵еûټ֡
ս̫̫˵˻̫̫ͻȻŭˡ
صţô£ͶϴСˣôûģ
Ҫǲϡ͸ϽߣۣأͲƼЦģ
ƵĵؿҲ֪أôͲ֪ӣ
սһΣֻ˵ĸιʵЩʸס
˲ֱӣһϵӡ
̫̫֪սȻô˵ˣ϶£ʹȵذ˰֣ҪʲôѵĴԸ㸸˵Զļң㲻κι˼ɡ
սʱЦҾ֪ĸˣĸģûʲôѵģǸ׼һԽ
̫̫ͳ׷ˡ
ոջΪڱ߹ʲô鷳սŰæء
ԭ
Ҳǵģͻ׼ʲô㸸ôȱʲô
㰡ȻˣҪΪԸ룬˽Ǯ㸸ˡ
ô˵Ҳǵս̫ңûҲ
ֲȱԵõģҪŮҰᶫ
սųɻûãͱȥ˱߹أҲ֪᲻Ǳ
ɵúúöսȻҪͷ꾫ˣսڣͶô룿
̫̫ѹ֪ǰɿ׵ıŮж뺷ˣԺӲù
ֻҲܷȥ˵սѾȥˣûٶ˵ˡ
սҪ񣬾˳ȥ
̫̫ǰʵúܣȥ֮ͱ¶ˡ
Ǹճ̫̫ԺӣȲʵ׼ʲô˵Т˱һҶ
սؿţѾ֪ˣѵǴ˵ģ
һ⻰ͳ磡Ǹ˶ôҪ¾Ȼӣ
ҪǱͻȻ٣ֹ˵ǰ԰ڣӻǻ˶ڹأ
ս
ԭϵǼˡ
սƽѺù
ǰȥ̫̫սĳײ̫̫ûѺó
ƽܿȡ˺ӡ
һǺӵĳȣͷ˲²⡣
ƽսѾߣֱֲֻǶץӸεؿš
ս˾úЦȥ䳡
һʱǲ¶ˣԽ档
϶ǵɣ
ǲ֪ʲô
֮ӦòҶɣ
ֲǸġ
Ųӿ˲ӣ޲̷ȥ䳡
ϳһ·ź֪սŮӣô죬Ůܸô
Űղѣ͵ŤͷȻͱһ
ս󲻽ظأ
Ŷ˶뵽Լոߵ̫죬Ͻ˲ӣЩ۲ۣҪЪߣ
սƳһۣôʲôû۰
ţ
ðɣҹŮͲһˣ
ֻٴμӿ˽Ųս䳡ȥ
ͬʱ֪սҵխZҲϡ
ֵòõֵԼŸѾۻȥˡ
뵽սͻȻ
úò׻һΣܼͷ죿
ȻǸϻؼҿˣ

սŵ䳡󣬾ƽѺӽš
һõȲشˡ
ͷȻĵϾͶЦ
Ȼַ֣ȻǷѵ
ǲеˣ
֪Ҳŵһѵ
ȻЩŻ˷ܻˡ
̵˵⺢Ҳ̫ʵ۶ˣ׼һѵˣô׼ѣ
ԺֻܻŴˡ
˭֪սͻȻ˵׺һˣȻ׼ѵ
ţ
ոǰ׸ˣ
ֻһѵģʣǸ˶ӵģ
ôУ
õģû˵ֲһ䣬ţǻٸǡҲ֪Ķȥˣ첻żң
ոոϹխZ褣
-

530 

խZôҲû뵽һڿӶӣ
ʵ̫ˣôô
úò׻ؼһˣȻǰ˵ǵĻ
ôͳȥˣ
ǳȥѾ˾
˭֪ͻȻͻأ
խZվõ˵ѾˣͲ͸׷ˡ
ϴЦȴ͸Źɺ⣺ʵҸˣһ˵ûˣ̸ϻˡ
⻰˲佩Ӳˡ
𾪵صɴ˫ۣӲתȻТӾվڲԶ
ӣղ˵Щȫˡ
խZѾ˹
Ȼ󲻿ذΧţĿŵĺӡ
ѵֵ۾һȻͲԼͬצӡ
һ˳ȥֱֵܵϡ
˵ҶûأñЦǣ
⻰һխZ褵֡
̧ͷսЦ
խZ˵ôͻȻˣҲ֪ǰݸš
Ҳ˵ǰҪôȸ˵һأҲҸи׼
Ҿǻؼһˣʲô׼ģս̧̧°ͣĵһһѣȿϲϲ
խZ뿴ˣֻǵսЦǣûҼŶ֡
սĻֵɾûʲô˼ˡ
ǸովѾˣѵʽͬ
һᵶһᵶһ崺
ǰᵶǸŵģʣµᵶ崺ȻǸǵġ
խZڹﵱĵᵶ
崺
һӣ֪͸˭ġ
ֵ˭ҲûֱȥԼǰѵ
ſ۵ǵս棬ֲ˼š
褶죬ץ崺һʱγ˵С
ѩĵУ褵۾ʱˣõ
ؿһ䣬ŵȻһ׵
խZҪصö࣬褵ĵҲȲذγ˵Уϸ
ڹʱѴǰҶϲˡ
ǵҪТ۵ģҲֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿţҶ¡
ھͲһˡ
⵶սص͸ģôô
խZֵؿ˺һָõԽԽ⡣
ű˶ùǺֻʣһѹᵶֻ˵
ԥһ£Ҳ˵УԼĵ
ʱ褱Ȼһ׵ͻȻԶıܡ
ϳһЩǹ֮ġ
ְſĳƷʾͱȽһˣҪġ
߹ȥһһ֧ǹӸխZ磬ȻȻ
խZֽסӹĳǹһ壬Ȼ鵶ʣֵ󣬲ŰѵŻغ
ڵϵĳǹ˹ȥ
ֵϹսģá
ⳤǹ
սϵۣܲɵֻԼ䵶
ʵϣսɱˣʱǳΪա
˵ǹúܲ
խZǹ˹ȥ
ֵĬضһۣȻͻȻͶ
ս˻ñȽԶ
ս˿ŻǶֵᵶ
֮۲խZᵶڿ
ûֵƮ
һ
Ҳ̫ˣͲµֵۣдʱ
ҡҡͷֳֵȥ
˴쳣ңҪǲֵ֪ܣ˵Ϊǳء
ⳡ򶷲ûг̫á
ΪխZĿڴ̹ȥʱͻȻһխZĳǹ
խZһ£æϿǹ˼
ǹӲľģΪȫĻ̫ˣ֡
ӲľȻľͷʵȴܼӲϸܣԷᡣ
ӲľɲܹϵģȻҲǹˡ
ѰĵþȫͷҲֻһ۰ˡ
ɾڸոգһȥ׾پͿǹˣʵֵûľ
խZûϸϿںԽԽ·ֻصһ졣
۵ҶŽд裬ѽĵˣ
ʱһĻ͸۲ǰҶ
ϧǰѵ۵ģ׶Ӷ죬οأ
ΪⱲӶֻ۲ˡ
˭֪Źȥ죬սһѵ
˵ǹ˲ĵϵģխZһҲġ
սǸÿһѵĿܺ˱أ
Ȼ褵ĵôĵ϶Ҳˣ
-

531 ¶â

խZӵǹˣȲȥԼǰᵶֵؿֿ
ž⸱̫ûϢһ㿴ʲôӣûϢ
խZƳһۣ༥ȻȲϸгϢӼǵãõģǱʹ͵ı
͵ᵶ׸òϣ硭
û˵꣬žһţӺþûˣ
˵꣬ͳᵶ
һԿֵս״˹ȥסţ
Ųؿôˣ߶ȥˡ
սȴʵ׿
⻰һռҸȫɫ
սֱţĻش
ű˵ϴ赤ҵЩоһ˿ôͻȻ
սָŲԶʯ˵תעϣȻõһǸʯԡ
ſĵЩ᲻ãӲúܣѵˡ
սֱ˵ҪǻˣһѣԿ
ˣ
ĵҳô
Σֻŵ߹ȥתŹע
ʱͻȻãĵƺЩһˡ
ݲָоֻƾűܣʯһ
խZ褱ܵضţ۾գҲգ
ֻĵڰлһĨĻȺͻȻʯϡ
ֵܿʱʶüͷЩĵ
˭֪пʯϺûͣ˽ȥ
խZ
褣
ֵԲ۾þ޷
Ҳɵˣŵؾ𵶣۶ûеĵУֿ˿ϵʯ
ֻӲʯѾ롣
ڣխZع񣬴˹ȥڵϣʹسűʯ֡
һ£ʯͻȻͱһ顣
һĻٴεԲ۾
ʿˮֱոһȻô
ոչоæʵ⡭ô£⵶⵶ǲʲôŹ֣
խZ뿴սĴ𰸣
սխZ֣磬ĵҡ
խZ⻰ʱ˲²⣬æѵս
սγѸ˸ȻŲԶıܺŻһ
ʱ䣬ŸʶȥȻͿǱͷıһмϳء
͵صɴ˫ۣȻԼͬس˹ȥЩϿĵط
ֻϿȫǳһǱնϡ
˿ЩϿڣ÷ɿ죬ôҲû취ƽ
ոһм仹ôԶȻܿУ
Ҳ̫ˣ
˵ǣոһսģ
ʲôʱôˣ
˴ʱãǿҪʶսˡ
ðΣ˲΢侲Щ
ǿսһۣԥһ£˹ȥ
ʵ⵽ô£
սոһŵˣʱıء
ѵԶġսֱ̹˳ЩʱһЩķӡ
ǾĴ̼Ƶģսֽ˵Щ֮
ûǲǱͨĵӷһЩҪת뵶Уͻǳˡ
˲׹ոʸףǵĸײ⵶дʱ򣬲СʹһѴˣ
⻰һźխZصһۡ
Ҳ뵽㣬ǣСбҪ˵ôֱ
źխZƵţȻ뵽褻ᵽ˶Щ¡
ҪսûֹдˣǾ̫ˡ
źܿ˵ԺҪ⵶
ʵ̫ˡ
ҿطֻһˣҪƼˣ۶¾鷳ˡ
ν֮˯
⵶ȻԸˣ˿µ᲻ģ
ԣ¾Բܴȥ
źܿ쾯
խZ褶һۣҲ֪ͷء
ڶûûǡ
˭֪ʱսóһƿݸ褣ϴεϴ赤˸׺ʹ磬һϴ赤ȥðɡ
ʶ˹ȥȴЩǡ
ĵؿսѵϣҲܹ
ΪʲôϣսЦһ֪ǵĹǣԵʵ֮£ֺٹ˼˵뷨սսȰʵ
-

532 ˵˼

սûʲôҾ˼
Ҫ֣ԴС
ʲôҪò˵ǹƨ
˭ҲҪ
ҵػһӣֻͷܹ·
ʵȥ
Ҫͷ˲ϸ·ǾԼɱһѪ·
սĻʶ߬Ĵƿ
õĻ˵òսսػȰʵȥ
ֻҪ˾Եʵǻʲôµģ
ųһε̾˿Ǿɡ
ȻҲͬս˼
խZʲôҲû˵ȴܼᶨ
Ϊ磬ӣȻҪȫҵصˡ
ս˵õȷûֻʵҪġ
񵱳Ļĵۣ˻λûоԵʵҲǸλӡ
ۣҲһʼ˷
ɻǱĵ۱ƵͶ·
ЩڷأûķǱĵ۵˺ӣһλͳǿ
ûʵֻ¾Է١
ʵ裬ҲɱһѪ·
ôѡԶ׼
խZ⣬ŬˣȡС
ЩܹӳֻҪܹĵʲôµģ
ñСô࣬ǸŮӣȻѾµʵ
ǲ̫ûˣ
խZ뵽ʱЩˡ
ʱͻȻʵô֪𣿡
սüͷЩģϴ赤ʵһ㣬Ǳȹȥˡ
ڣ˳һն
ǵ绢ˡ
Ҳ¾ˡ
ָҩúܣҲ¡
Ļ˿
ôǲŮġ
ǲ֪һڱ߹أ᲻ͷŮˣ
뵽ֿܣͱЩ֮꣬ǰЩ˼ȫûˡ
ҪͷŮˣŮҪ
ӵģѵؿűŮ۸
ǿ϶У
ŬʵҪԺ̸۸ŮҲŮͷ
뵽ʱû˶
ûã褾ͳϴ赤
ҩЧ׹ȥϴɾ壬·ȥս
սȻûʱǰǿ˲٣ֻҪʱգӦÿ
ġ
緹ʱȫ˶һ
緹ս̫̫˵˻һһŻ
ȥͿʼչأ˵ҩ衣
Щҩ趼ġ
ȻѾ˵ʵöǱԼҵ׸
岡ô꣬ȻѾκˣŸ˻ǲܱȡ
ûмŸϴ赤ȵһС
ŮҲҪģŮʱЩ
ǰӲãҲ˼ᡣ
ܺõĶȥ
ǲúõƽʱͻһЩë
սֻһʱҩ衣
ûȥֵ˺ü죬ɰԽҩȥ
ףиʦֶ˱һһ
Ҫôҩ裬Ҳ̫һЩ
˺ü죬۾ãҽûô졣
ң˵ΪЩҩλʦġ
ΪۻصظųҲһҩӣܼ͵˳ֽų
ųֳ̥ôҩ˹һΣǧٿס
ҪҲֻ
ȻǸӣͳܲסҵҩ
սҩӣҪ²Ŷ
ųСҩڣٻ˴ҩ
Щҩǲųȥһֱȥûá
ƫƫҩ΢Щͳܲסֻ
˵Ҳõһأܳ׻ָ
սͳҩӵʱԶڱ߹صĳҲսȥĶ嵤
װ嵤ĺﻹһš
ǷͷģԳһ򿪺ӾͿš
һ˲䣬۾ˡ
̵룺ձصдţ϶뱾˰ɣ
ôţȲذŲˡ
ȻһĿʮеؿݺ󣬳̾Щɵۡ
սԼ˵˶嵤ôãٸҪ
Ȼûˣ
̶̼֣ûһ˵ģ
-

533 ̵ɧ

ţüͷöܼӬ
ôûأ
̼̲סֹһ䣬ֲĵһȥ۶
ͲˣձôûȻ
ϧ˰컹ûҵ
̵ɫԽԽڣһӡ
ֱ۽ǵͻȻǸֶĺӡ
һӣС͸һСϲ࣬С
̿ӣɫ΢΢һ䡣
˵װǶ嵤
Ȼδɹǿ֣Ҳܲ³á
ǲ̫˵㣿
ôĹӣͷװ˶ٶ嵤
һ̴˹ӡ
ĿһɨֻͷԲҩӣ
ҩȻģŵǱͨҩӺÿ
ţֻŵһɵҩζ
ƳţͻȻ
ձȻģ
Ȼô嵤
ôҩӣ϶Լġö鶼뵽أ
֮ǰ͵ҩӡ
ߣ˼ô
ôȻһֶᣬ̫ɵˡ
Ҫô֪һأ
ԽԽ⣬̲סóֽʣȲظսд˻š
֮ŷ⣬̾˼ͳȥ
ſڣ׼˵ʱƼսǷš
ͻȻЩ
УôдŻȥ
ձ˵øձһѵ
Ȳˣ
졭ͣ
Ѹٰдõ
ȻְսҲ
ֿǹҩӣҩ
սдҩЧ̾ǳ¶嵤ȻЧ
嵤ҪͨˮҩЧΪˮ̼˵ѪͨҩЧõطӡ
̱ҲˣͬʱԸ˳Ǳ׼ʳ
˶嵤󣬹Ȼһõʳ̻ʵس
ȵ˷ʳһþӵģ͸˼Ѫһ
ٴοǵʱ̷˵Ĳͬ
ЩشһۣʵоΣϿʲô仯
ʱúܡ
̸ҩӵʱ˵Ƕ嵤ǿ塣
ЧǵʱҲ
ҩӳȥ󣬻ȻܵǶˣΪҪأ
˭֪ͲˣֻǾԽԽ͸˺ܶƵģֱ޲һͷţ
ʱǶǶûˡ
˭֪Ӻ󣬸оȻȫһˣ͸̥һ
¾û
һ˵ʣҲŸ͡
ú治ѣ;ڵʵ
ֱӴȥ䳡ǵıǱ
ؿš
һǵ۾ˣ
˲˲٣ƺЩˡ
ŻЩǿȴ
ٷУ
ǿһĻȫȲѣ޲Կҩԡ
⵶ĿƵؿų̣үҩ
Ƴһۣ治ɫ˵ҩ࣬ܲܵõͿԼı¡
⵶˲ַǳõԤСү˼ǡ
ɫ᣺һһţȵȵá
⵶˲ɵۣ
֪Լʲôʱˣ
ԭΪֻȢǾкӹ
ڿȻǲ㵱ˣ
⵶ĵҧֻǰ;
ʱͻȻһ⣡
԰ȻȢڱ߹أ涼
Ի
⵶Ȼ
ʱƼɫԾֽ˵Ȼ˹ҲʹͶ嵤
̵󣬲ڳȫˡ
ǣһ
Ǳøǿҩ˭Ҫأ
ܿȲӣ嵤
֮ǰҩȴռ˴ˣǳȥĶ嵤ǳʹ͵ģҪ
Щֻǳ̵£ƺݲߡ
ʵϣЩвٶǳ佫ѫ
Ǿѵʱֺãġ
ˣôûǮ
ҲǹҪǵǮ
ôЩ֪嵤֮ף׾پõģҲװ͸ǡ
嵤ܹʵһʱֲ´󹦣Ҳǻ
߹أܹһǧ
󲿷˶˳ȥڡ
ڳЩˣۼʶ˶嵤ĺô󣬷׷ӡ
̶һСĹ򣬳̾͵˺üǧӡ
Ǿãһˣ
嵤ɶұص͸ģ
-

534 Ὺʼ

ԶھǵսȻǲ̵֪ɧ
͹ҩ󣬾ٶ
ողŴһҩӳսȵ͵һʱ䡣
ѵԽԽæˡ
Ϊص̼ڵòˡ
һֱڵǣòˣͿԿʼˡ
죬սûȥ֡
Ѿ͵һʱˣš
ƽȥ֣ɲȥȥġ
Ҫ볡ȯ
볡ȯûǮ򣬶Ҽ۸񲻷ơ
ǿ볡ȯѾʹ׬һʡ
׬ûҶ̣ǰǮˡ
ռ˴ͷսȻǳѺͳųˡ
սģȻһݡ
˷Ҳֵʮӡ
⻹ֻ볡ȯ׬ģ
յʵƱΪ԰ڣƱһ˰׻ӣȻӽ˹
ۿüӰ׻Լ۾
ֻ볡ȯˣȻô
˶ӸòǰЩָ̼˰ɣ
ʣ֪Щ̼Դӽ֮󣬾͵̽Ϣ
ѹ˸͸¶⣬Ǿк̼ܶ뷽跨볡ȯ
Ѹ볡ȯļ۸񳴵ϸߣ
ǿЩ볡ȯ׬˴ʵӡ
Щ
ֱжЩ̼֣ǶЩʲô
ţʼˡ
ڳһԺٰġ
ʱⶨϡ
սѽġ
ЩȻƯǰ̫ǿű˼ظУԵƽࡣ
ϵʱһ㣬Щóճ鱦һȥű㱦ӨӨģһӾͱֵǮࡣ
˳չʾһЩ֡
ѿɲɩȻЩΪȻǴӦˡ
ȥ̫׵һء
Ȼϵ˵ƺЩŸƯЩ
ΪЧãͷ˽ʾ֭뷨ӡ
֮£ܿһӡ
չʾ̨ͷֽš
̨滻ɲӣȻͷģţ
̨ӵǰ඼ľͷӣ͸⣬Ψгһڿˣ͸
ͷһ㣬͵һӵ
̨ϵʱǹһգ˲͸ʣ͸칬ıƵģ˼Ķ
Ƽ֮һľͳ׷ˡ
Լʽ죬볡ȯȥ̼һ͸ƵģܿͱЩĴݷõƸԵۻңһ÷ɿ졣
Щ״ƣ˵νƽ
͸ԽԵЩ͸һ㡣
ֻ̼϶Ǽģʲۺ
ȻҲͰ͵ػôǮΪõһ볡ȯ
ȵ˼ĵط̼Ƿ׷װλ
ÿ볡ȯ϶һţλϵ֡
˺ܶӣΪӱȽСɣԶЩˣôռط
һôЩطλǶȻǰккл
ЩΪļ۸Ҳǲһġ
õλãȻ۸Ҳߡ
ЩԶƫƧ䣬۸ͱȽϵˡ
Ȼ͵ļ۸Ҳһǧӡ
ϣ۸͸ˡ
̼ҵԼλ󣬾ͿʼɫشΧ
ȻЩһֱڼֻͣҪϸͻ֣ᷢأ
ҲǲأʵεļЩ̼˵ʵһǧѷĻᣡ
ֶ̼֪εļǳѴͷġ
ͷȫճģ
Ҳ˵һ£漰λү
ܹӣǵӣӶûС
˵Ѿ̫ӣϲʵ
ڵλ̫Ϊճȴã˭֪Ժô
ܹͽЩ̼˵ܷˣ
ΪܹΪͽᵽλү֮ǰǴ˴Ʊģ
ŲεΣҪǮλүӡ
˭֪һͿЩۼƣ
ŵƶ¾οǼϵЩƷ
˿治ٰ
ȻľǲСǮǲˣ
̼ȻȫأʱȴԼͬشǮ⡣
Ȼʽʼһչ̨ϺЩ̼־ɵˡ
ǡ⣿
Ϊλᷢ⣿
ɫδҲ̫Ưˣ
һһѤʵ⡣
¹һⶼڷһ㣬Ŀѣԡ
-

535 ˷ļ

ּǳѰŵˣԼû¶档
ϾǸ߸ϵĽֱ¶ô̼֣̫ˡ
Ȼûֱ¶棬ȴһֱעż
ĵһ⣬һչ̨ǾӨ͸ʵģ˫۾
ǵ̼Ƿ׷׾ۡ
̼ǶѾϢ֪Ѱֺ̼
ĦȭƣҪڼϺúǮֻܵóۡ
Ȼ˲ʶľ޴ֵ
һȫˡ
һֱҹŽΪʱ̫Щ̼־ʱЪ˱Ժ
һֱȵͳƳĽ׶˷ܵҹû˯š
ʵ̫ˣ
һɽȻﵽ˺ü
֣ôܹ˷
⻹ֻǼѣ滹Ͷأ
ͨ㣬ⶫֲ䣬ز˵顣
ҪƹȫõķӾȫض
ԳѸսĽ飬ȫֳʮƬÿһ
ÿҵֺ̼˭ѡͿͶˡ
ͨᣬ̼Ѿļֵ
⣬ͷȻ˼ƽϡ
ĵڶ죬Ѱŵټֿ̼˸ᣬʽ֪ͨ£Ȼ̼׼飬ʼͶꡣ
˸ָͲ̼
ұԺĴȫ˲
͸ɫģҲвɫġ
̼ȫأǶߣȴǵһμʶ͸Ĳ𾪵úð춼ûܻһ͸Ƶġ
ʶ˲ĺôһͰͲøԼҲˡ
Խ죬ֶ̼ǽʾ֭ͻ⡣
һЩʵȽģûţͬˣϻ
֮ǰЩ˾ȥι۹¥ͷʽľӣЩ۸һľͻȵ
죬̼ǿˡ
ģҲġ
֮ûһͣ
ڣͶ꿪ʼˡ
ⳡͶǰͶ˰ѱͶӺӾͻ͵
õӺ󣬾͸ųĻһ𣬲鿴Щ飬ѡ
ԭսģս֡չءˣѾûȥ
鷿ųؿɳϣһ顣
ɳսģԭֻǷȥʱƼˣһ¾ú͸սˡ
սû׬ǮͰͼֽ˳ѣԼҹ
ҹ˷ڽųȥʱ򿴼ˣԾͦϲÿҪ
ĻȻ̫ϰų̬Ҳ֪ûҶ˵ʲô
ǲ֪ǣųս͵ҩѾơ
˵ûһųָоõǰǿһЩ
·ûôˡ
ǰĻ̣ĸоҲûôˡ
θڶ˲٣ÿٶҪһ롣
ųľǣսҩӣǿҩ
֪¿ˣǰÿγҩҪһҩȥˣһζûС
ҩͣˣֻսҩ
û˵ԳѵĻŶ
Ҳţű顣
ԭʲôĲ̫죬Դӿʼﱸ£ĿȾĵѧ˲١
Ÿָı飬Ҳˡ
ǿűͷֳɺľ÷ɿ죬û취侲ˡ
û취ͷļ۸Ҳ̫ˣ
Ѵ˿˴죬ʮı顣
Ȼټ˱е̼֣Թһ˵Щһöʹȥˡ
Ͷ̼֮Ǿ½½뿪ˡ
б̼ߵ죬˱꣬øŻȥ޽ͬʱҪԺ⿪·
ûб̼֣еҲ뿪ˡ
Ȼûб꣬ǿԸбֺ̼
ҲøŻȥæ
Ҳвĵģûм뿪ھЩӣûбĻᡣ
ǵЩ뷨ɾ͸ûʲôϵˡ
󣬳ѾͰ׬Ӹˡ
۵һݣصװ˹
ǵþ۷׷ףڲ²ᵽ׬˶ӡ
Ϣ̫Ķɰƻˣûٶ̫ӳԹóܵܲ
̫ӻ״أ׬ǮȻҲ֪һѡ
ʵ̫ˣ
̫ѹû뵽¾Ȼ׬ôӣ߶˺üأҲ̹ܲ
ǣĴԹǣҲȲѣܹ⡣
սҲ˸ˡ
-

536 

ԴӼ춼ͽ˸ﲻ
Ҳˡ
սŮӣֲ
ϵӶŮ壬ûҲ͡
ȻսһҲߵֱӱ˹أѹͷ顣
һɲҲյģ߲ܡ
˹ܼңԼѹͲ֡
ֲȱǮϡǵ
ֻһЩ˵ݰǶﲻþܾˡ
սһֱôչȥȻͶ֮û죬Ѿˡ
ʵǿҪˡ
󣬾˰ͽ
żҪЩ˸ˡ
ȥ糯Ƥزš
ѱƵûӣֻս뷨ӡ
ǳ̵׵ܵܣˣսܲñܶ
ֻü
˳һıԹս֪ô¡
˵Ǿܶż׬һʣȥҳѿóѴһ׬Ǯ
Щϳѵģ϶ǻף׹ϵġ
ǳ
ȻΪЩĿߣҲ̫ӡ
Ǿս뷨ˡ
֮ǰļսģͷڶսɩ𾴵úܡ
ս˵춼ˣ˸ӣȻˣβһţ
һ£ţ
ս΢Цŵ˵ͷεļᣬܹ׬һʣԭ˵Ҳ֪ΣԺҲĸ߼
ѵȻģǰļ֮ͳͷ޲ÿ¶һأȻĻ͸ˣ˵һ١
ֻսô˵ǾʧҪÿζ׬ôӣǶð
սЦˣȻԺ׬ô࣬Ҫٰᣬ϶Ҳ׬٣ֻǱȲһΰˡ
οҲֻھǲܰ죬԰쵽ΧЩȥ׬ǵĽ
Ҳ˵βһţȻ̺ţǱûеϡ
⡭⻰һ˫۾Щģµܳ𣿡
սЦ˵ܲܵģıˡܺβ룬̺ţȻҪ֣ôɳȥҲһЩ¡
ʱϢڱֽ־ϣһʣΪЩţǼ£
ôǶ̺ţҪ֣ʱ׬СǮֻ̺Ʒÿ¿Կһμᣬ׬ͷԲС
˶ˣҲǱòǵزͻһ⡣Щֺαٵأ
Ҫ͵и
ֻгˣҪĻʱȻַ
Էʲôģýͷ
ûȻҲöӡ
̼Ϊ׬Ǯʲôɲ
ó͢ҲһŽȥ
˹ء
ս˵̺Ҫ͵йأɲ
ĥսղ˵ĻԽԽҺôҲࡣ
׬ȡܳû̽ӣϢ
ǵò൱µЩطҲǵĵأ
뵽;һĻȲѡ
һڲˮ󣬾ͼվɩ˵ûͽȥ˵˵
սЩΣӣһҲôأѹǵܵܡ
סѣܿɻǵ֮ǰЩ飿
ѵ˵ͷȻǵá
սٴʵãЩΣ
ŵǲ˵ѶʱӦɩӵ˼Ҳ׼飿
սһЦֻǾãô⣬˶±ȽϺáҲ룬׼
Ͼһ˼ңҲЩҪ⣬˲Уأ
ѣ
ս˵úܶԣǡǲ̫ǫˣ
˼ҿɰѺö˶ȥˣ

Ѿܾȥ
ɲϣүȻɩӸȥ
˵ɩ˵ûȥȥ
սû
ȳѷ뿪ζЦ
Ӧܳɡ
׬ôĽ֪Ľء
ۣЩѵͲĶ
֮£ܳɡ
ʷأۺǨ
޽ʹҪǮɲСĿ
ȻҲ˳
ڣǰˡ
-

537 ֿʼ

뿪󣬾ͼҴҸϻ˽Ļ֮¾ô죬óһ³źȥʾ
˭֪ջص͵֪ųˡ
һϽȥų
ʱųؿɳϣŶȣ΢Ц˵á
ͻȻͼˣС˾̫ˡ
߽ȥС˾ˣôˣ
˵ֳǵõŮ˰֣ȥɣźˡ
ųΪʲô£ܲŮˡ
Ů͹˳ر˳ȥ
ųҲû⣬ֻǺЦؿųѣȥɩˣ
ѹһڲˮҲɳȻ̾˿Ƕɩóö
˶٣ֽ˵˾ǲ֪Ҷ챻Щ˸ˣһ֪ҿ
ǵģʲô°ֲģҿʲôãֲǲү
˭ء
ųЦҡҡͷȤμȷʵ׬˲٣Ҳǻۺ졣
Ѳۺʲôϵ˵ˣμϵɶǶɩģһЩǸġ
Ȼ˲Ǯʵҿûö٣ͷöɩ͸ȥˡҿʲôð
ųԹ֪ͣıЩ˸ˡ
ҳѿɲΪѱԹ
ʵȥɩ˵ʲôˣ
ǸŹ龫ֵģһλɸˣͽܡ
˵ʲô÷ӡ
˵ȥġ
ҪЩҲָˣܻܲǰһںܵó׬ӡ
ӣɲࡣ
֮ǰļᵹͦ˼
ˣû˼ٱԹȥʼ˵£ɩ˵ԳһţЩ˺ϻȻȥ׬ǵĽ
ҾӲһ£ø³̳Ȼͽȥʣ˵һ
ֻڿ꣬Ȼô鷳
Ҫȥ꣬϶Ҫͨٹϵ
οǻҪôһš
ô飬ܵøʱһɲøҪᵳӪ˽
ֻҪʴӦˣ¾ˣ
ųҲ뷨ȴû뵽սĵӾȻôֱӾ뵽ȥӣ
Ȼʮ⣬ųȴҲĶѡ
ȥӣ϶ҪŲֹȥ
Щ˵ЩɾͲǵƹͻˡ
ǻ̽ӣ
Ҫǰˣ׬ռ鱨Ǵһ
ų뵽̶Գ˵취ɵúúúϼƺϼơ
Ҳ취ܺãô˵͸ˡ
˶ϵ飬ǳ˽ĻţһȺ￪ʼ

սѳߺд˺üŵӣɰȥ򼸸ԺӣǰŵģطС
ɰԺʲôֻǸū澣սķԸС
ūȥš
ȥսֽƽһŵӣȥѵϵĶ
СĽӹӣѸɨһۣ˵ͷūȥ򡣡
ƽһҪţͦ˷ܡ
һֱڱչأҲͷܣֻܴëˡ
Գȥˡ
˳ȥսִŮȥ԰˹䣬ժ˲ʻŮȥϴ
ȵʻϴò࣬ȥƽҲˡ
սǰѶᵽġС
СǺõģͷ˺ܶƿƿ޹ޣиָĹߡ
ǲձͲԹܣιܣƾƣƽȵȡ
ƽԭѣսӵĹо˼˳
ս֮ͦ⣬󷽸ǮȻо̨ӣϧڶûоȻ͸ˡ
ҩӡ
սƽһѾ߰æʼʰЩϡ
ƽɻȽϸģá
սæµ죬ǰҪĶ˳
ֹһ죬Ѵһдõļƻ˹
ͦ󷽣սֱӰдõļƻݸɩ㿴ݼƻдô
ţƻ֣Ǵսģֱӻѧˡ
սͦµģļƻ飬ʹ󷽵ؿ˿
ܿ죬һĿʮеɨȥܿͿˡ
ЦܹȻǸµģȻ̫Щдͦ
һ֪սǫ飬Ҳû𴩡
-

538 Ǯı

ҲݼƻдúܺãȻҲͰ͵ս
ҪͷʲôõģҪսǰˣ
սĻ˲˷Ȼɩ㶼ô˵ˣͽȥҸʣ
ȵȡսסȻƽ˵ƽȥ֮ǰ׼Ǹó
ƽȥˡ
ѶʱЩ죬Ҳһ²⡣
ɩǡҪͶˣ
ʲôö͸ʣ
Ѻ漫ˡ
ĬĬƽ뿪ķͷڴ
ƽúܿ죬ﻹһӡ
ѸɨľУԽ϶еĲ²⡣
ʵɩӣӡ
ս˵ǰ˵㶫㿴˵
ΣֳصӣװԼһ㶼档
ƽСﲻмغһװģ
ȻѺӷڳԱߵĲ輸ϣֱ˵ս
͵͵ۺӣȻһش˿
һ򿪲ŷ֣ͷװľȻЩƿƿ޹ޡ
ֻһۣѾЩľˡ
ͷƿƿ޹޾ȻģСɾ£ɫҲر¿ɰʵƯˣ
̲סɴ۾ǵһ֪ԭƿƿ޹޻
ЩɫôģδҲ̫ÿˣ
һ˶úÿҪЩŮ˺СˣƸϲ
ģѹǴЩƯƿͷͿ޵̻
ϲսɩӣЩƿӶôģɫÿƿҪóȥЩŮǿ϶ϲ
սЦˣѿôãȻֻƿô
εѳѣϸ
Щ⣬ǹԹˡ
һϸź֪ط֣ЩƿﻹװЩʲô
ѺֻߵƿӣƿӴжʮ׸ߵӣƿƵ÷ǳԼɫµ̲ɫ
ƿǹڵģľ˿ڡ
Ϊƿ͸ؿͷװĳҺ壬ͦճ
Ѻشľ˭֪ľһγŵһɵĲζͦŵġ
ؿƿĶȻֿսɩӣʲôѵǳԵģźйɲζ
ս
³ͷĶˣϽ͵װϴҺϴͷġֻҪһ㣬ˮͻкܶĭ԰ͷϴúܸɾ
ʱ˻ϲͷͷĨͷͣͷÿ
ϴͷʱ鷳ˣͺĿɲϴ
һϴͷõľǻ趹鷳˵ЧҲȽһ㡣
ǣûֱӰˣĭȻϴͷ
Ҳ̫鷳ˡ
ȻǣҲ˭õġ
ս뵽̲סԳ
ϴҺѰϵġ
ǿԿһЩƽ۵ϴҺЩƽͷա
Щʵ̫ģûˡ
ֻܵԺֳӽײ˹ȥ
˿٣һֳӽ϶й
ǹ˵ĲζΪǳԵġս˵ϴͷģûôȤˡ
ͷЩԾԾԡ
ɨƿӣѸٽƿӷס˻ȥ˸ƿӡ
ƿҪ٣ֻʮ׸ߵӡ
ƿǳ͸ؿװһֵɫ͸Һ塣
رÿ
һɫ;Ů˿϶ϲ
ȵǣûأŵһζ
ζûݣ;źܺţùЩѬ㶼Ҫţ
һʵǸζѾ˲²⣺ɩӣѵѬ㣿
Ѭ㲻֮
ⶫôˮƵģ
ս΢ЦŽͣˮζƽʱõѬ㲻̫һ
ѵ˵ͷҲûӣֱӰƿӷ˻ȥ
Ȼóһֺӡ
ӿڱȽϴͷӻ˻͡
ǹӲ֮ǰƿ͸ģԿͷĶ
Ѻش򿪣ͷһְɫĸ壬йɱζʮ
սɩӣʲôӦҲǳԵİɣ
ߣοѧˣ
ս˵ͷţ࣬ˢġ
ࣿξˣ
СõĿɶۣͷ˸ϣֵơ
ÿˢʱͦ鷳
࣬žͺͦӡ
ս۾һԾԾԵӣͽ˵߹ؿ˻Уڸ彻סã壬ǻϲ𣿡
壿Ƕ˷ѰһҡͷǲԸĺöȻԼˣ
-

539 ÷ɿ

սѵĻֻһ
ĬһЦе˵Σٽġ
룬ϴӦˡ
ܼұȥԱߵ䣬ࡣ
һ󣬳ѱ˳˳ĶЦݣɩӣ̫ˣ
ǰõۣڶ˵˿˿ģر
֮ﻹűɵζɱǰˡ
սˣãۼ۶ٺʣ
°ͣʼĥʵļ۸񣬡װһ࣬ҲðӲźʡ
ſᣬϵɶ˸߼ۡ
ƽʱ۸ҪһЩҲ̫ܽˡ
뵽ֵĵʵɩӣĳɱ֪ж٣ɻ̫ߣ
ĳɱսһӣҲһǮɣԺܹԭϳɱ۸ܸЩ
ʵһǮĳɱΪԭϵ⡣
䷽鷳ҪĦݼʪζʴӼ㾫ɫأˮȹɡ
ټһЩҩ䷽໹һƹЧ
ֹѪʲôġ
ЩͷĦķ࣬䷽ͬռ֮һһ룬̼ƾͿΪĦʹá
ⶫļ۸ܹĶȥ
ݼȽ鷳ĭȥûУҲֻЧִ廨ŵ϶ҪһЩ
ʪͼˣø;С
úƣⶫǴӺͷȡģڵļҲֻҪгĺС
ζ͸ˣӵǽȥС
ñƣðϢ㽺󣬼ˮˮ⣬ˮⶼܵõơ
ʴӻฯʴܣմɹӻ߲װ࣬ȻͲҪټⶫ
ӼͶˣʲôвҩᣬ׼άأģøʲôĶС
е̫Ūвҩȫûˣⶫúܡ
ʣµ㾫ɫغˮ͸ˡ
չʾͷһ㱡ɾ͡͵ĺķѱȽϴ˲ٳɱ
ɫصĻԼҲԲӣҪɫûʲôӰ졣
ܵɱ治
ںܶ฻˼õۣͷ˲ϣ۸ɲˡ
ս˵ĳɱ˶ɵˡŴ죬ŵؿսɩӣ˵ģⶫĳɱȻôˣ
սط˸ۣƭʲôô
ѣ
԰ɱǴ⣬ɩӸûƭ
ĳɱҲ̫ˣ
Ѿ÷ɿ졣
һŵĹܼҲ
ɱһǮһӵĻͷö
ܼͻȻԼӶе㲻ˡ
ʱս˵㲻Ѿ֪ôճĳɱŶ٣
˲ɫඥ֮С
ԼȻӺͿˡ
ɩ˵ö԰ɱôͣɻۣ
ɱ˵㣬ʲôϵ
߼
뵽ĳɱҲˡ
ɱôͣÿȥǰûʶӣ
սһĦȭԾԾԵӣ˵Ҹղ˵ĳɱֻͨĳɱʵͷԼһЩҩ䷽һЩЧһɱɾȥˡ
⻰Цˣش˵ãʱӵ˲¹ͷ߼
սЦҡҡͷҲǶⷢӡ
ǳһǶ˷˺һź֪طӺе㶪
սϴҺˮأ
ս˵ϴҺĳɱҲߣˮõ˲ϣɱǲ͡
һͶˡ
ϴҺĳɱȻߣôСˮһݳƷɱȻͣǿ϶߼
ˮӣҲǲ˵ġ
˼ҵŮǿ϶Ը⻨Ǯ
ҪζһЩ˵һЩҲϲ
ԽԽȲʵɩӣЩǴ㽨𣿡
սЦ𴽽ǣȻأЩϴεѩ˪Ϳں죬׬Ǯĺ㲻𣿡
ҵȻã쳣϶˵ɩģСͽʣһ齨
ô׬ǮȻԼУ
ѼҴҸսȲؽȥˡ
-

540 ͼ

ѽʱսĺӴˡ
ôȽ˵
ܿۡ
Ϊ֮ǰļᣬ۷˲ٽٿӣ˳ࡣ
źܽ۵ϢƬ̶ûȣóѽȥˡ
һĺӣ۾ˣõʲô
ţТ˳ȻָͶˡ
Ȼӳ֮ͱöˡ
ۿѵοˡ
ȴǺܲϰߣۿûƤˣϽ˵ʣͺöˣ
˵⻰򿪺ӣ˳ַͷļƻ˳ȻְѺӸˡ
˵ȿ
ۣ
ոճѴ򿪺ӵʱɨһۣͷװƿƿ޹ޣģͦɵģҲ֪ͷװʲô
СӵãմָˣǼ˼ǰɣ
ͷˬ̲סһ
ųǸױƵģֶ˼
ģóĿ϶ʲôö
Ȼˣȿ
۳ʹ˸ɫ̴ӳӹƻ顱תۡ
۷һɫϱ仯
ʵһֱҳѿ¡
ǰһһƤúܣۿѸ˸ᣬ˲ӣͿʼųѿˡ
˹ﶼϷŹ
ųѽͷöģûͦȤû⣬ٿ죬Ȼ;һ£Щ˱̫ˡ
˭֪ѾȻ⣡
ǰ˵ҪʲôţҪȥ̺ţ϶ҪСӳһ٣֡

뵽ǰЩӳͽЩ۾;е졣
Ҳܹѽ
Ȼλӣ֮ǰôһĿɲС
οﻹи㣬ҪѾᵽȥ
ϱȻɫȴҲǸ֬۶ѡ
ʱֵطֻĥ
ɲӡ
ҪǨȵðѻʹ޳ɣ
ʵˣܼܲͷ
϶޻ʹ
йһ϶ߵģǵúķѶٽ
ճӯһЩɸؾҲù
Ҫ޻ʹͷЩٹٿ϶Ӧ
һֱû˵
μᣬЩ׻ӣӲӵĻƽǿ޻ʹϣ
ܹ׬ʵĽ˭޻ʹ
ʱô޾ôޣ
Ǯȥؾãսף޲ǽռ⸳˰
ʱ򣬴Ӻùˣ˭ǵλôģ
ͼ
ǲţͻȻһ
ϴǱϣƺһͼ
ǵͼϱעĶɽͷصɽżĳȣֲš
ҪǷͼģ˵±ΪĻҪ
֪Щʵɽмء
˵Ҳģ
ˣǷͼϣƺһЩλã
Ҳ֪Ǽ١
뵽˳˼
һοǷͼʱʮּ֮ͺܿ侲ûͷļġ

ȻҲţһأ
ǲǸ˹ȥҿ
Ҫڳû޻ʹ
뵽ͼˡ
ٿġƻ顱ԽԽ⡣
ȵƻ顱̧꣬쳣οؿųѣκܲЩϢˡ
ϲ̵ʣǸǴӦˣ
۱Ǻһ£һ˵Ȼģ޾͸ᡣ֪ͷĶԼ𣿡
ԥһ£ʵǰЩʵǱùǺȥ˶ɩûʲô÷ӡ
ãɩͦģֱǸŮ֮ǰļģȻԼҲ˲⡣
Զȥ˶ɩ˭֪ɩзӡţ󣬶ÿУͻȥ
⻰ɫ˱䣺ͷдģȥ̺֮£Ҳģ
ͷһ˵ȻˣǶԼģɩŮ֮ȻھӪϺһףûôԶ
Ƕã԰̺ſȥܲһֱռǵıˡҰ̺ſȥҲķȡ
˵ͷͷǵⲻѡ
۰ĵ̾˿ЩԶڱ߹صĶˡ
Ҳ֪϶ܲܽסϱ
-

541 һиô

۵һԶڱ߹ص϶ܿ־ãӦöԶеġ
϶ɲϴӣҲ
Ӧòϱס
䵣ŵ¡
ӵдúܲҪͷ˵ģôͶǮȥǣĿɾʹˡ
˺һǾԡ
ֻһȻҪָ񣬾Ӫ̺š
ЩˣɶúúѡС
ųļò⿿ǻǲ
̫ᣬھӪһǺóɱΣ嶯¡
ųǱأҲʣ̫Щ
òЩתɲų̫ˡ
һиôʺ󻹲
ĥһʼԥҪҪھͰųнʡ
ʱͻȻ˳ߵĺӣʵǺװĶЩʲô
ɫһ䣬ܿױƵ˵ʣǶɩ͸ģͷװĶǶɩĳһЩС
һ˵һߴ򿪺ӣʼŪҿ࣬ƽʱõģ۵ò࣬ЧãʹҲӷ㡣
ʲôϴҺͷģֻһ㣬ˮãúܡ
ˮʮƯζҲ൱šãĸӦûϲ
ۿЩƯƿƿ޹ޣЩȣ̲סͷ߶϶ϱȻ˲ˣͷȻڳôĻ
ʣɩɻ˵ʲô
ѾЦ˵ʹȻӢֱӾͲµɩ˱Ļɩ˵ˣϴҺĳɱȽϵͣԭϵЩ塣
⣬ֲôϵζ֪ءǺöãԸ߼ǡ
ڿͨ˻Уĳ⡣ˮɱĸߣԸ߼Ů졣
ۣ
ſӣϲĶӣͻȻ֪˵ʲôá
ĳ⣿
ʲô⣿̵ĳ⣿
ͻȻãҪʶԼˡ
Сӵʲôʱɼ̵ģ
תһЩܹ׬Ľ۾˵Ļˡ
û޽ʹء
׬ӣǰѻʹ޵ٴҲõǰʷԹˡ
ôǸЩ̼֮£
۳һ䣬Ǻأһ֪
ѿǱСģ̫ƢˣЩ
ˣЦģֱ׳˵ʴԲӣôҲΪ°ա
һҰĲɵ°ôΣαظǿأ
ĺöԸǣҪǲøж£Ҳ̫޳ˣ
οֻҪܵ⻥дĺô˰ӣȻ뷨ӳǮ
Ϊ˻мԺ˵Ҹսһ񲻳˲ս֮
Զã⾭Сȴܴôǰȥ̽ӣջˡ
ߣ㵹컬ࡣ
ûһܿȥų
Ȼ˵ˣǾͰųúúϼºˡ
ų׼ˣԺܿͽ˹
˾Ϳʼ̸
һ̸̸˰
̸ʱ򣬳ϵЦݶѹƲסЦøɵƵġ
һųɾͱضˣΨ˫۱¶ĺ顣
ΪɫѾ磬԰ųͻس󣬲ûȥս
ֱڶ죬˸սϢˡ
սԴ˲⣬Ҳûôġ
õϢҲֻζЦЦ
ҪǨģǨ͵Ȱѻʹ޳
޽ʹķѵӿ֡
ֱ׵˵ǣڷǳȱǮ
Źκο׬Ǯ·ӡ
Ǹ
ֻҪԸⷢչҵгͻᱻʱ򣬽ҪͶ
˿ھô࣬ͶɲƾճҪʱġ
˲õʱ˭ðŮ˽ڼͷ
ҵһչô̫ˡ
սûȥҳѣϾɩӣñӵʱǵñӡ
οǣ̫һŮӣǵ͵ЩȽϺá
Ҫæ黹ܶء
սɰ˺üԺӣֺ󣬾˹޲
ЩԺҪģԲҪ̫áȫǵһЩĶ
ЩԺӵͬʱսɰȥ˺ЩŮӻ
׼Ҫ֬ˮۣˮͣϴƷ֮ġ
Ů϶Ҫйʡ
-

542 ԷŰ

սûֱЩƽռҵŮ
ɳǼ̫ѹģŮ
Ҳ˼ҵѾߡ
ɴɰȥˡ
Ҫ彡ȫûкʷԸûдëģ
ɰܱ˾еУһŮӻ
ͷŮӣٶǺܽܲܺúǣǿԵģֻҪС
Щ֮ɰ˴ǼһúҩĺҩʳҲġ
ս˸ֹȥǹء
ô˼죬Ǻ˲١
սԿУһЩ˶óЩʲô
˼Ƚϻ磬óģͿС鳤ʲôġ
ϸصģɼ֣Ʒĵ䡣
ƽӼ򵥣ģֻܸЩˡ
սûмŽǣӣȵְЩŮӵ-̵ò࣬Ҳõ߰˰˺Ż˸ݣԽ̵ЩѡġŮ
æŵʱ򣬳ѺųҲæýŲմء
۵֧֣źܿͳˡ
ۻԸȡ˸֣ţɼ۶жߡ
Ϊ˵λߣҲûдŹٷ壬Գ⣬ܶ˶֪ű˭
ĳġ
ʱ򣬳صصսɶӡ
սʹ֮󣬴󷽵Ͷ˶ʮӽȥ
ͷиǮûͶ̫࣬Ȼ̫ۡ
˵ƴƴմգҲͶʮӽȥ
гųҲͶ˲ӡ
ڼͷŷʡųԣ˵ҲͶӡ
Ҳ֪ǵţҪһʣ۱̬
սûôġ
ͶӺ󣬾Ͱ˼ͷ
ǸͣҪ֬
ʱ˼Ҳֱ࣬Ƚ
սòȥͷҹ
һæµУʱ䲻֪͹ȥˡ
תۣ͵˻ԷŰӡ
Ű죬춼ûԺͷѾ˲ˡ
ȵ󣬸½˸Ϲ
Ժܿͷܶȫˡ
սһװ磬ڹԺһ¥ڶ¥ڿš
ͷͻȻЩ˻ǲס
ƾһΣôˣ;ôλӡѹԹ͢ǵϡ
ϵľܶʱսϵɱҪ¡
սɱҪҲԼһˡ
ڳϣԲǳ³
Ϊ棬ΪԱЩȻȻҪš
Ͼľ֧ţֻбȺŹķݡ
һţ˵ɡ
ܶ൳Դֻ档
ֻҪǶԵһģǺ£ҲҪƴԡ
ôͣײղҵԪҲϱġ
Թڣ𣬸ĳ
սʷϵĳ䴽ǣԽԽ䡣
ֻǲ֪жپܹУվڳϺ绽ꣿ
ԺͷŰĵطһֱˡ
˼ȥԼ˺˷ܵϲʤ
Щģһįѻ
ôһССĵط̬
˿֮󣬶̲סҪп
սúЦͷٵĽŲ
ܿ죬ƽ˽
˷ܵ˵ӣū澿ˣεĻͷһ򺲵ļһλүȻ˵ڶǣЦˣ
˶٣ֽ˵ˣūö˵ʿЩӺܶ඼ˣö˶ûʿأ
Щ̫û۹ˣʿôãǾȻȥںڣ
սεط˷ͲСһ
ɤô±ô
¥λüãΧķɶˣ붼ֵġ
˵Щοӵ׾졣
ƽɤŶôҲ̫ˡ
˵ڵݣҲµ˭
аǹˣҲ鷳
սΣ˵һū澣ӶҿǺôĿ쵹Ҫӵ˭̳޷ū澣
δ䣬żͻȻ˴߿
սü
̫û߶
ʲôʱ򣬾ﾹȻôŵŮӣ
ǰֻ֪Լŵģδ˵˸һء
˭
ս죬ŵŮѾ˽
Ůӳõǲֻһ㺮˪촽Ҳţһںӡ
󻹸һεŮʱһ
-

543 ˭ţ

սεŮ۾
ŮڹǼġ
ûǴĻ̫İãн𰣬ͦ
һֱӵģӲ̫ӡ
ʱֻɨһۣûôϡȻϲ𽣬ȴǨŭϣһС

ŰŮ˭
ôû
ѵģ
սؿŴŮŮܿ񣬵һҲ¡
ɨһֻۣսƽ˺üõصƽղž˵˵
ƽɲ
Ȼ֪ŮݣƽԾսŮݻܱս
ŭ˭ôҼӵİ䣬ıӵ㣿
ŮЦøŰѾߣҶԱҲ¸л
ƽмؽͷţƾ㣿
ʱ𰿴˶Ʒս
սװҲαװһ£Ӣ࣬һ۾ϳŮӡ
òûиıֻ̫࣬ҪǼģϳ
պüս
Ǵι磬սû⽭𰣬ȴһֱ͵͵۲ս
ս޵ĳ࣬ݣýǳĽ
Զսĳ࣬һֱǵεġ
һƷս˳
˲Ұ
ôǽŮûðʧغֻ͵͵µŮһѣСȰл㣬˵ˣǿȥɡ
ս⻰Ϳʼ롣
л
ļسлô
ȻһҲû
ɴ಻ˣֱӿŽʵ֪˭Ȼˣ֪ҵ³
⻰һɫˣ˸¡
սһ
˵ʲôµĻ
ҪҪô£
лŮ˿£ŭ˵Ӻ˵˵ھȻ۸𰣬̫ˣ
սһЦֱվŮһӡ
ž

ŮȻʹúˣزҽһ˵ϡ
ս΢̧°ͣӸµؿǷ
Ů̧ͷ˫ðص㡭ȻҴ򡭡
ս˦һӡ
ž
ҴˣΣǰˣ磬ѵҵѾߣ
˵ָŮһӡ
Ȼôţҵұ𡣡
ս˵꣬ЦЦؿ˽һۣŽӲѧˣ״Ԫ֮ѡҲˡ
ܻȷЩѧǸ򺲱϶ҪһЩ
ǵԼĲѧʮ㣬ֺαʹЩֶΣ͵͵˴򺲵ȣҪ򺲵;
򺲵ѾָܳǷԣⱲӶ뵱״Ԫ
ս󣬱˳ȥ
·ʱû𰣬ǽŵú˺ü·ʲôˮޡ
ƽϽȥ
뵽ղս˵ӣɫЩס
ȵ߳¥սսʵӣūǲǻˣˣҪȥұ¸״
սƳһۣˣ˭˵Ҵˣ㿴ˣ
ƽ
𾪵ؿսôҲû뵽սողŵˣھȻϣ
˺һɵѵӣղŴôأ϶Ҫӡӵġ
θϴδɲһ
ϴδʱúܣϴźĶ񣬱Ӵϣδػӡӡ
ξͲͬˡ
ԽԽˡ
Ůϵñ
Ӵϣ϶Ҫӡӵġ
ü춼

үֲڣҪŮļȥ״鷳ˡ
սЦЦҪȥ״Ǿȥˡ
Ϳû˿Ͻӣ
ǸɵѾͷôô
ˣ֤ݣ
ôܡ
ƽǺܵģӣղſ˿ˣ
սЦʣ֪˭
ƽɵգգۣ˭
սζ˵ս̫á˵ȥ֤𣿡
ƽ˲ɵۣ̫׵ʣǽҵˣ϶ȥ֤
սȴƶ˵ᣬ룬ҲӦ
ĿǽҺ̫Ҫȥ֤ǰ̫Ĳϰϣ
˭֪֮ϵҲû˸Ұ°ڵ
ΪۺŻʺ󶼲Ӧ
ֲɵôܻ£
οǽ𰿴ŽӣСģδؾС׻
˵Ƕʳ˻أ
-

544 ݹ󲻿

սѹػ·ղŴ˵Ǹ˲
ƽһƽǸŮݡ
ϾŰ˸ˣ֪ܵԷݲС
ƽͦ졣
սصûãƽͻˡ
֪Լս˻һҪʱ
ҲûͷֱӻҴҵս
ӣū澴ˡ
ս˿ţ֡
һë֣һ˵˵
ƽܿ˵ū澴һ£ӦóԳ¿лϡ˵¿лѾǧ꣬ʮ
аˣ˵Ҫūûдλл䣬Ҳ֪лŵڼ
˶٣ƽֵĵ˵ӣ¿лϺǸлǿ϶ưոݵġ
ΣһҰˣԼˡ
ս˵ʵлҪ˭˵ģѾԣ
ƽͷǺܲģǰū澾Ӧġū˵лĺûϵ𣿡
ʲôϵսŲʲôνңͲҵˡ
νĳ¿лң˭֪ӻ
ô꣬;Ҫǻˣų¾лҵ˭֪
лҪ֣㵽ס
浱͵;۸ˣ
սܿ׿ˡ

ݣսƽ뿪󣬽߹ȥл
ĵؿлеʵл㣬û°ɣʹʹ
лʹôʣʱøʹˡ
ҽһʹؿڽϣ˺̫ˣ֪˭
ԥһ²˵л㣬һˣҲûӡ
лԴ󾪣Ȼ˷̫ǴҲֻǳӡ
Ҳ̫Ƿңºͻʺѵܣô۸㣿
Цһش
ٴĵӣҲۺŻʺ
˵ʲô˿ʵĻ
лǰЦ͵ĬлĻ
лȻ൱
ǳ¿лϣǧĴС񵱳ңһȺӳ
Ѫǳ¿лϵѪҪȵҸ߹öࡣ
Ҷ𣬺οһ
ν֮ǰѾ˴Ҳ˵֪иʮŰ衣
ʵ۸ոմ˻飬͸ҵڱ޴س֮Ů
ʵҲǻȻսң
Ļʵۣѹֻ췴λķ֮١
ֻϧ񣬱˵Ȼ
ʵǿɱ̾
ֻ̫֮࣬ϣպٴ󱦣ܹΪ񷭰ֻعɡ
л뵽ͻȻϵı˸ʹˡ
ֲҽһܵץŽ󣬴ߴٵһȥҩ
ץЩֱӰѽץʹˡ
ʹüͷвһĨɫ
ܿ˹ȥеĵ˵л㣬ЩʹȥϺõҩ̵ġ
лԣв˼ֳ
ҵҩɲϡ
лҴǧ꣬ĺö֪þоѵҩӣƳҩЧãǹҩҲδܱȡ
Ҳǽļ壬õҩܸлȣ
ǵ̣ԶԶ㡣
Ҫǽҳ˴壬ּвѧûʸǳ¿л
λӵǺܲ
ֻϧѾȢӡ
ֻѡӡ
л뵽Ѹüͷ
뵽λԭӺֲмƲƲ졣
Ƿϳߣʵ̫СЩлҵŮȲϣο
սɲ׷Ź
¿лңǼеŮݹ󲻿ԣɲ˭۸ģ
һ仧սҲñӳ
Ҹţ
һ죬Ҫսڵ
л͸ź⣬ԭĵӰ죬Ť
ܿ˽ңȻ󼱴Ҵҵҩ͸л԰ҩ
лȻҵҩȴҲûֱӾܾ
ֻºȴûýҩֱӰѽˡ
ɲý𰿴޺۵ĳªӡ
Ƚ뿪ŮóϺҩ⿪·ҩ
Ůᣬһ·⿪¶лӨ׵ļ
Ȼɵۡ
-

545 Ű裬Ѱ·

ŮһʵĶˣ
лصһۣ㿴𣿡
˵ͷȻҲɵˡ
أ
ʹúܣôһۼûУ
в죬ֻ֣һ±޴ĵط
Ȼǵطһֱʹһһ׼Ҳ
һָµƤǱһ£ʹѡ
лʹòҽһһӾ˳
Ů𾪵ؿ벻ô¡
ǵطһ˺۶ûУô۳
ǿлӣֲװġ
⵽ô£
Ůʣ⡭ҪĨҩ𣿡
л˵ȻҪ
ŮСһҩָ࣬лոĵط㿴ū澿˺ۡ
лüͷһͻȻ
ոһ£ǵطʹҪ
ҪҩǸʹ
ԥһ󣬻ǾԣͶŮ˵ͷߴٵҩ
Ṵ̊ҩĨȥ
ҩ౾ģȻƤлʹɱһҽ
ŵŮϽָ
ֵؿлл£㵽ôˣôʹý̫ҽ
˵־ˡ
лŮӣ̫ҽˣ϶û鿴˺۵ġ
˺Ҳû
ѹͿ
ֻܺ
Ҳ֪ǺĻܲƳ
лʵʹܲˣͬŮ飬ȥҵ˵һ̫ҽ
ͬʱһʱȥĸϷˣѲ¥˵ˡ
ϷһֱŮڹܿ࣬սۡ
˵˲¥֮£üͷ˵Ҳ̫Űˣڲ¥͸ұ޴ҹŮ
С˵ŮĴŮʱסл㣬лͲˡ
Ϸ֪лƢԾ֪̾ⲻĴ㲻üϡ
˵ף̫Ű裬ֵµѾ߶ҽҽҵ硣
ҪѾڲ¥лǷΪ򱧲ƽ
ϵãдȣǸͰˣȻұ޴ҹŮǵΪ
ûҽӻ˵ŮѾлҩȥлһֱۣӦǱòᡣҲ֪ϻ᲻̡
ϷЦˣͲõˣ¿лҿǴǧ꣬ҵ̿ɲһСѾͷܹġ
лӦϺõҩģҲδܱȣлˣҲ̵ġ
Ǿ̫ˡ˿һʵ
Ϸ˰˰֣²ùܵģҲ˾ţЩѻȥ԰ɣúȥл㣬ͱˡ
ʰ޷ϣϱϾҪǳɲÿ
ҪͷҲлԼͷ
뵽ϷЦ
̽鲼Ǹڲ¥޴лҹŮѲɻΪ֪
ʱѾ֪¡
㲻ϣͷҲó
Ϊǳȴ֪Ѱ·
Ȼ̫ˡ
žǸçǷ˾˵͸һæż⣬ֱ굽Ǯ۶ˡ
ĸĸܹ̳ʲôúӣ
ҪȢϱôͷҵǶţԹûһõģç֮Ůܱȣ
ֻϧѾ˻飬ȻĻ
Ϸ뵽Ͳ˴ϱϣԽ
ҵҲ󣬿ɾ̫ˡ
ûΪܵ
֮£лǱǿࡣ
Ǵˡ
ѡϱʱǾʹлҡ
ϧлûӦ
Ů̫лǱ̬ȣ˼
лڲ¥ڮٽܣȻͦ򱧲ƽǲ˵ʵԽ˼
ܼ޸ܣǺ¡
̫̫뵽һľ
ԽԽվȥ̽л
˭֪ʱһӼҴ˽Ϸˣлˣ
Ϸ˵ɫ䣺ô£
˵ūͷźʱлҽеر֮лŮī۾ͼҴ˳˵̫ҽæūţл˵òᡣ
Ϸ⻰ɫͱ쳣ѿһѻ˲յҧгݵ˵øϣֱ̫
ܿ˵ҵȥ̫ҽ
-

546 ۵̬

ʹ
СذѲ¥Ϣۡ
һ㶣漴ͰŭҲ̫ˣȻڲ¥ˣȻû˹žǲС
ͷװԼû۸ոǡ
ֽ˵Ǻ֣Ȼڲ¥ˣȥʲôӣ
һҲ˵·ԼǸưӡ
ڲ¥Ѿ߳ܣֱ޴лЩˡ
ҺлҲ̫ſЩ
̫һûأҵѾԼʲôˡ
ʲô¿лϣȻ˵Լǧ꣬ҲǲҪƤ
˵ǵǲģģΣ
Ͳҵˡ
һȺ仧ڼԳʲôңȻԼˡ
ҲյĿǳ
ΪһЩΣ
˵ʱ򣬿֪ʲôлŮ
˵ˣϿɶصģ
Һлʲô
ҺúžͰˣȻͣˣֱ
ֽѵлͬʱлҺͽҵ»֪ء
͵͵︹̲ѡ
ʱʵǸл˵ô
˵˵ϵ·úõģѾͻؽˣҲ֪˵زء
۳Ƭ̣ͻȻʵ޼ǵãлϺõҩ
⻰Ǿ͹ūҲǵã˵лҵҩúüζϰıҩơ
ˣ»ȥлֹлҵʱ˵ȱҩģ䲻»صؿڿ⣬͸лҺЩҩ
лҵҩ´͸˳ϧү֮ƺЧ󡣺ˣүڵԽԽˡ
ûص˵ųսҩźõģ壬᲻
̫ҽ鿴ųԵҩ̫ҽϸ֮󣬶˵ҩЧã廹ûʲô𺦡
ֻϧͷƺЩɷ֣鲻
˵۾Цǰ
ţӡ
ųˣմĹô
۵⼫ˡ
пֽ˵ȥʣλл˵Ρ
΢Ц˵зִ磬λлﲻ˵̫ء
۶⻰⣺ûǸִġ
⻰̵øˡ
սǸִģô
⻰˵˵лûִˣ
֪ʲô̬ˡ
ʵϣԴл˽ͺܲʹˡ
Ͷ̽һֱŽңʲô紵ݶ
̫ҽ£ܿʹ۶
üͷЩˣȻ̫ҽѲ˵úأ
û˵֪ǶԽҲˡ
лսˣսݣֻлԸƿ
ܲΪһˣԼϱ
սɿأлЩͣĶ۷ǳ
ҪǴսʾ
ҪǴ͸õ͵Щ
ڵãȻĵ̫ҽ
ʲôֳñ³ʹս
ս
ҡҡͷЩ̫ͬˡ
̫ͦãӺʵ˲òϧ
ã
ۿŽδޣϾҪ߸
زսɿˣɵͽܡ
Ȣ׬һʼױ˸
ڱ߹ظ֮£ɫġ
һ⻥гɹ岻ԣǴһ
ᣬ״Ԫ¥
λԵĽѾˡ
״Ԫ¥֮ǰǸʿٳɰ࣬ͷ˾Ȼд˰񣬿ɼЧ
Ҫ֪Ǹʿٳɰģ඼ǳɼµľӡ
˻϶ûʲôϷģʿٳɰ󣬾ȻĿˣ
ֻǻԣҲǳ˲ˡ
֪Ժ϶иĽʿٳɰࡣ
и¹Ժ͵Ĳӡ
ӾȻ˵챻ˡ
ѹһСѾ߶ҳûá
뵽һ
Ǹ˻Ԫ򺲣֮ǰƺһȣ˺ܶ򣬶˵βˣ²м
ȴκˣ͸ûһ
Ļһȣûμӿƾ١
ȣƺЩΡ
죬ܿƺһ
Ժúòһ¡
򺲶ȸйأǡԺ˵ʲôʱϡ
͵͵£̲ס˽ҵл
Ǹˡô£
-

547 ùл

лͦעҲͦġ
սл۵ûʲôԡҪл̫أսˡ
ڣû̫ãϢ˻
ϢǾ̲ס
ְܿѹȥȻ첽ߵߣС˵£ոմϢλлϲ˺ۣ˵۵Ųװġ
һ⻰ҲЦˣ£
Це˵ūҲǵһ˵Ůҽ󣬱һ£Ҳۡ
۾Ц
Ůҽ
Ů
лδҲ̫Լˣ
ҵʱȥˣأ
ϺôϱǴлҵĹΣ
οлѾͷ㱻ˣҲԼã
ϵѾû˵ǽܿ˵˵ˣ
˵ˣѾ˵ǽܣлʲôϵȻ潭ܴ𱧲ƽˣ
ʲô
뵽ͻȻʵ޼ǵãҵĽܣѾȢӣ
˵ûǴҴӵȷѾȢӷϡ
һٴЦлһֱ˵ԼңΪ˸ѲɻлŮ˵檣
죬ûӻ
лһֱҵţȻǲԼŮ˵檵ġ
λл￴˽ܡ
λлƢǲܵ檵ġ
Ƿи⣬ûô
ҡҡͷûȥ
Ҳû£˿
ûã۾ٴ˵лҹ϶û˺ۣȴ۵˻Ρ
Щ򿴿ɣȻ̫ҽûʲôͷĴ˵ܿأ
ӦЩͬλлˡ
ɲɵô˵λлҴ
ȥ
һϢ˭лˣ
ֻΪϷ
˵ҲǽҺлҵġ
㱻ˣ͵͵Ҹ˾ˡ
Ȼĵؽ̫ҽ±˲֪Ƶġ
̫ҽ˺ۣ²ǿЦ
֮󣬺ܿȥˡ
ûãлʹȴҲ˺۵Ϣʹǡ
һֱͷ̽Ϣƽ̻¸ս
һɨ֮ǰĿֻţ˷ܻˣ̫ˣǸлϾȻ˺۶Ҳôӵ״
սĿؿҪ˵˵Ҳ
⻰һƽԼɵĴ¡
̹˵ϣӣū澴ˣū澰ɡ
սҲ˵Ȼ֪ˣǾͷ첻ܳԶȥŰɣٰѡϾһ顣д꣬Ͳóˡ
ƽһҪдŵɫˡ
Ͼôģ
ֻһ飬óʲôʱ򰡣
ȻûҾܾ
εȷˣҪҲᱻлӶִл
û˺ۣȻлҪ˵Ҫܷ

Ӿ㷣Ҳõõġ
ƽʧüͷūͻȥд
˵͵سսͷ˳ȥ
սʲôҲû˵
ƽǵһοˣûǳʲô
ǵлŮҪٲúùܹܣ˭֪´ֻǵ˭
ȥúڼͷ顣
λл
รˡ
ûº֣лҪǺݵģ˵ĵطҩ࿪ʹֹܿס
Ҫ᲻ãǾ͵öʹЩʱˡ
ֻҪʹҪʹ
սЦЦȻչء
ҵлͲˣҽŮϵ˺ۣۣҩϡ
̫ҽֻøһЩҩȺš
лﷳƫƫͷȻʼԣ˵ϷҪˣ
лѪ
ܵȥϾӣֲʹ죬ܲлǶ
ûþ뿪ˡ
лʹû˷绨ѩµ˼ֻǿŽȥҴңﵽ׻Ƿǳʹ졣
һʹʹ죡
лǲʹˡ
ʱ˶ĥˣǱ籩ݲйĽƵġ
֮ǰʹԲҲ˯õģȦˣ쳣㲡
лõǱ¥ϵȵİյ˺֣ϵȫس˳
л˺ü澵ӡ
ǲʹˣȻǾĴһ߳Ժӣڽҵ԰ͷ˹䡣
-

548 ̫Ŀ

лܻˡ
ͷͲ˵ˣ⽭ͷͲ֪͵͵Ц
ȻЩ˿϶ܵǰҽлǾã϶кܶڳЦ
Ǹϣ
ʹҲڵ㲲ѡ
֪Ȼ˵ǹͳԵģﻹ֪ʲôأ
ڻָˣȻôƯЩ߳ȥý¶úÿ
˶ѣѾûˣ
˭ڱЦ
Ǵ죬԰Ļ÷ǳ̺ģóúܾġ
лЩм
԰޵Ҳһ㣬лҵլԶˡ
һģлִǧҴʵǲܱȡ
ҵĴӵǺܲ
ÿݷѧҲǶġ
ֻϧ۹ⲻУȻȢ˷Сϱ
ŮֻĺȰˡ
л뵽Ů֪ʲô
ˣñӡ
Գ˵һ콭һ⣬û
ֻнҵĹϱ
лЩ뽭ˡ
Ҳ֪̫׵ѹֻĸŮˡ
˴򷢵ԶЩǿ϶ġ
ŮҲС˵Ӧö׼ԣԿ˵Ҫڵһ˵ġ
ԭлȻȻȻ˵ȷӦúú׼ԡ֮ǰĻȻźЩɵԲҪġֻҪܹ״ԪԳɼʲôҪ
Ů֪˼ûҶ˵ʲô
лҪ˵ͿԶһ˹
ϸһΪ׵ǽ𰣬Ա߻нδļŮ
лЩŮ̫⣬ֻԽġ
ǽ̫ܺͬãݿɱضˡ
ݣûҪύЩ޹ؽҪˡ
Ҳͻнݣ۽½
뵽лŤͷԱǶ俪޵¼·֪ˡ
һ˺ܿ˹
лһֱǶ¼ܿ쾪ϲʵл㣬û𣿡
лתͷ·ոշƵģЩȵʵ𰣬Ҳ԰ӣ
ǰǶܵл㣬лͷƣԹժЩʵĻ֦лȥ
˭֪Ȼл㡣лݹ˵ӣѾ˰ɣ
лֵص˵ͷѾʹˣǾƣԳߣ̫ˡ
Ǿͺá·˿ӣлˡһҲ԰ˡ
лͷһһֱڵ𣿡
Ȼ˵лͷŻᱻǡˣǹҲӦõġֻίл㣬ִԣȴô
ίǣ˴ûˡ
ʵ̫ˡ
Щûֱ˵
ǰͷЩҲ㹻ˡ
л֮һֱŵĻ˲ͱȼˡ
Ҳ֪ںܲûץսֻ
Ц˵û£˺˵˵ҼȻˣܲװ֪ҲίŰ裬һʳġ
Ů⻰죬û˵ʲô
лģ֪ս
ǿɶ֪ġ
뵽лɣŮϲԣȴмúܡ
ǿ̫ãлڵлڳûʲô˲ĴٶȻƲǣ
Ҳ̫Ŀˡ
սôǺŮȻţҲΪŵʱ
лƾʲô
˵ʲôлǴǧңҲлڵʲô
Ǹ仧ΪԼǽ֦ҶĹء
εüãѹûлǵ˼
лָ߰úܣ۾ֻõһ𰣬ֻ˵Ů
ܷ֣
г˼ִ˽ܣӦö׼԰ɣ
𰲻֪뵽ʲôͻȻЦֹأ游صؿĻᣬЩʿѧ
лһ£ܿ˵ǿЩʿĸ
Цһ£û˵Ĭˡ
ʵϣȴЩζ
ԷŰ֮󣬾Ϳʼд˵״Ԫ¥Ľʿٳɰ˶ˡ
״Ԫ¥ǷúܣǽҰ¹Ժķͷȥˡ
Ƶ游òĻᣬʿظЩʿѧ
ЩҲܲˡ
λԣûܿлԪ˵̫ˡ
ֻϣĿƾǧҪٳˡ
-

549 п

ܵĲʹ죬ʹˡ
ǰȣΪԼⱲҲƾ٣ֻǷȥˡ
˭֪޾֮·Ȼ˹ˣѶ˵ȸκˣ
μӻԺ󣬸˵ؿ˻Ԫ
ԴӻԷ˰򺲸סСԺпǰݻᣬøͦڡ
õڼʿǶҪ׼ԣ򺲵С
һ죬ǰݻᡣ
˻򺲵ͬѣһܺáظǣ˵򺲵Ϣ󣬾˹
ܲðͷԼ
˺סˡ
ǰɣͷЩ˵ĺѣֱϣ
Ȼ֣㡭ôô⸱ӣ
Ļû˼ʳȻ̫ˡ
ȻЦһС۾۾ԽԽˡ
˵˶٣ӵؿ緢򺲡
ڸͿ壬Ҳܲµж⡣
Ƶġ
Ȼ뵽ͻȻصؿһ
򺲼ȵˣ۾˱ˮݸȻ֣Ⱥȿˮ
ȻСؽӹˮúЩ
ֻ˻˵͵ܣҲЦǣͶġ֪ĲѧȻܹУı¡
һ⻰üͷͬ˵Ȼ֣Ĳѧǲμӿƾ٣ȻܹУֺαء
ȻЦÿɬҵҲ룬۾ʵǲˣ㰡
ô˵Щܡ
ǰЩӣ˴ȣֻⱲӶûָ
ҪǶӻСǸŲȥ
˹ˣκȣһչ
Ȼڣž͸ɡ
۾Ҳκá
뵽ͷݺһ
ϸȻһֻۣ۾г˷죬ŵȷǱǰˡ
ǵǰʱȻ۾ȻЩëԾţûеô
ڶѾгɷˣҲ֪ԺΡ
ʵȻ֣Ȼ˾ǣҴ򿴿
Ĵ٣λҽֻشı¡㵹ȥ˵κأ
˶٣ֿЦʵοƾ٣Ҳû̫İաʿܿУɾΣҾͲˡ
βߣԺҲ֪ᱻŵʲôطȻĲѧҾ̫ˡ
ܹκ۾μӿƾ٣ȻĲѧһչΪ֮š
ȻһΪѣ˺ðβ˵͵ܣʵ˵ЩҲǡλҽǲ͡
ҪǮ۾ֺαز򺲣Ͷ£
ǰͬѣ򺲸лԪܿҪμӵԣ
ȴ۾ƾٵĻᶼûУҪͶ򺲡
ҪǱƵ˾·ϣ
ҲȻĹǺͼѡ
ҽҽΣҪѡЩǮҪѲ࣬ҲȰϡ⡭
˵ٴζסˣԥ
Ȼ״˵͵ܣʲôΪѣֱ˵
򺲾˵Ȼֿ˵״Ԫ¥״Ԫ¥һֱո£ǻʫʲۣȥ״Ԫ¥Ͷ塣
ֻҪдúã״Ԫ¥ͻḺ棬ҸһʲƵʷѡ
ĲѧȻܹдǸ״Ԫ¥Ͷ壬Ͳٵѡ
ȻǣھǵǺ˽⡣
ȻѾ˵״Ԫ¥ûüϸ
򺲵Ļͼ͵ܣ˻棿״Ԫ¥Ļʷѣ
ȻвʿӶ״Ԫ¥Ͷ塣ңҲǿŸ״Ԫ¥дӲų
˵ʱЩ˼
ʵԴֻǸ״Ԫ¥Ͷ塣
ǫ֡˲رһӵǮ
ǫҲڸ״Ԫ¥Ͷ壬׬˲ʷѣ֮ǰڽϰֻ̯׬öˡ
ǸڵӺù˲٣ﻹӶˡ
ȻãȻȻѡ
Ҫ̫ߣ϶ò
ȻԼĽǱƲѣȻҪǮ
ֱӸǮһ׬Ǯ·ӡ
״Ԫ¥ͺܲ
õķӣǰȻܸ
ֻ˼֮ûô
ݲһ㣬Ȼжûˣ֪Ȼʲô
θҰȻܸ
-

550 ʲô

򺲺Сġ
ͲСͲʲôͷˡ
ȻһʵȻ֣סʲôطʲôѣһҪ˵һֻҪܰģ϶㡣
ȻʱЩ˼
ǲãͷǮֲֻ࣬ڳ˼û˵Ŀշס
շҲѵģøһǮǮࡣ
Ƿ̫ªЩưܵúܣ꣬ǵ©
ôǣ˼򺲣
򺲿ΪѣʹûȥǫȡһЩֽ־Ȼ
Ȼ뿴״Ԫ¥۵ıֽ־ͷв¶Ͷ壬Կοһ£дƪȥͶ塣
Ȼмѡ
Ȳؽӹֽ־ȻͿ
Ϊ񲻺ãѱֽٵǰ򺲺ܲζ
룬ɴǫȥҽ
ʵǫȥûзӣڵݣóȻǫǰȥʵ̫׵
ҽʡ
֪ҽСסգԺͺҽ
Ȼȴûƣ˵ȥ̡
ĻȻ˵оˡ
ҽûͦ졣
򺲿Ǻúܡ
򺲱˴ȣûþˣ˭֪򺲾Ȼָܻ糣
ԺҽͶ˷ǳȤ
ţ뿴򺲵ȡ
ϧ򺲺ؾܾˡ
ȻøϽȥô£
ҽ֮򺲾ͰܸȻȻ۾
·ϣҽż֮󣬵óûȡ
ȻȻͰ¸ˡ
ϸȻ۾˲⣬üͷ˵۾Щ鷳ɣһȥܲʲôӡ
ȻҲûұ̫ϣҽô˵Ļ³˳
Ȼʧһ񣺡Ǿҽˡ
ҽ˵ͷܿ뿪ˡ
ȥ
Ȼ۾ʵûʲôð취ǵãϷи۾˵֮󣬾ܿ
ʵúܡ
۾͵ġ
ԣзӡ
ҽһܿϵ
սء˵ҽһ¡
ҽôˣѵ˵ʲô
ս֣ģ˰ҽ˽
ҽȹؾصһȻȲ˵⣺ĳ˴ǰʵм
ս棺ʲô
ҽ˵ĳոռһˣ˴С񲻺ãԶĶǰ۾أýõǰܿ
ĳ۾ϧĳѧҽֲ֢꣬ȴ޲ߡƵİ취
սҽʲôġ
˵֢״ŵӡ
ɾǲǣûпˣҲûȷ
ǣݣܲܵѰ򣬸β
ս˼һ
ʱҪ͵ƺȻȵҪϲ٣ԼҾƶЩģõĶ͵ƣ᲻
οţ
͵ƻ򣬹߱ƶҪϺܶࡣ
߻谵۾
Ժܶģ۾͸ˡ
ôˣ϶β
ҪƳ۾أ
нۺϻ۵˿϶١
ҪƳ۾ʱ츣Щˣ׬ӡ
뵽սĶ
ҽһۣҽڵĻظ˵ҽո˵Щ鷳Խ
ҽͷһ̲סʵ˵ģϷ˴۾
սЦЦ۾Ϸ˴ֲһȻȥɣԿܲ
ҽЩȥҲ֪սڵݸǰһˣԥ֮󣬵ûҾԹԻȥˡ
ߺսͿʼĥ
ƬĶǽȳһ٣ǽĵ
Ҳ˵ֻҪȷ˶ͿԸݶȷƬĽࡣ
ҪʵľƬҲһ׵¡
Ϊͬϵʲһʲֻͬᵼ¾ƬĺȲһ
ִ豸ȽҲȶԿʡ
Ŵû
ͬεĲʶϸ΢
ҪƬĻֻܲ飬µľƬģӡ
ȻϸƲʱԭȣȷ
սĥ󣬾ͻװȥʼھƬ
-

551 һĿʼɧ

Ƭһʱܹڳġ
ڹŴ
սܣ˺ü죬ֱԵӶ쵽ˣڳһ׳ɹ
ΪƬҪƷʸõĲڵʱ򣬻˳Ѳȵһ£ѹѧ˳
ϸƺ֮ƳĲȶʣǲͬΣҲ̫
ĲƬͱȽϺˡ
ս˺ܶΣǰѸľƬ˳
ЩƬͿģӣȻֱģѹƳƬˡ
ϧޣѹƳľƬǶãҪЩϸ
ʣЩϸģþһϸµĴĥܹʹá
ս˺ü죬飬¼ݡ
һæµڳѵ
ǲƵʱ䣬ѹƵȣǶ˵ġ
ֻҪҪɣͿԱ֤ĳɹʡ
۾ģսҲ˼׼ı׼ƬԾܣо
˱ȽϳõġE״Եʱ׶ȽϷ㡣
սڵò󣬾Ͳˡ
ֱ˰ҽ˹󷽵һ׼װ
ҽ˷˺һ󣬲ź֪ʵЩ֪ôõģ
սɰʹ˸ɫɰЦظҽ÷
Щ˵һֱսսڳƬصظ
Щôá
ҽɰĽܣȲҪԡ
ԲȻ˷ˡ
Ȼ
µһţܿһ
˫۾Ȼò
ҽ˷һͻȻòԾ
԰ԶĶȷʵɿʱ򣬷Щģϵ֣ԶһЩܿ
ȻԲһ
ҽԥһ£ǲ̫˼˵˳ǲǡ
ĳ۾ԶĶУʱЩ̫֪ôʲô۾
ҽ˵ͦ˼ġ
ôҲΪҽһֱںúñ۾
Ѿˡ
ǰЩսһŴ󾵣æ
ȻҩĶЩ鷳
ɰҽΪѣЦȡԾܺϻƬ˵ҽӦϻۣϻ
ĶٶȣĻò˲֪
ԾܣģҰٶȵľƬȥܲܿ
˵꣬ͿʼҽԾܡ
ȡһ飬ҽܲܿͷ֡
ϻǸйصģͨʮʱϻһٶȣʮͱ˶ٶȣȵʮ꣬ٶȡ
ֻǴˣÿ˵۾һҲͬ
ҽòѾʮˣ۾Ķȴû١
ֻ۾һֻǶٶȣһֻǶ壬ϾƬ󣬾ܿˡ
ְҽͫ࣬Ȼһõ۾ܳѸٰװþƬݸҽ
ҽԣϲʡ
ҽȲش۾ȻǱ鿪ʼ
һȻ˷ܲѡ
Ȼˣ۾ã̫ˣ۾ĳЩҲܿˣ
ҽ˷ܵ˵ţ˵֮ͻȻ֪طӦ۾ս͸ģ
ǣЩܲҲսͰɣ
սʲôݣ

ϽЦݣСʵǴƳ۾
սЦЦȷô㡣׼ĹߣҽԴȥҽĲˣҽвԶ顣
۾ڱ¥ǲ˼˶Ҫ۾ҽȥ¥ԡ
ҽ˿
ûãС
ЩѣӦһ۾ġ
һ۾۲ƣһˡ
ҽ̲ס֮ǰȻ̾˿Щϧ
ȴ֪Ȼһֱڸ״Ԫ¥Ͷ塣
ȴǺвŻĲȻ
״Ԫ¥ıֽ־һд˺üƪ£Ѿ״Ԫ¥ѡУ˲ʷѡ
Ȼûκ۾ȴѾ֮ǰũҷ˳򺲸˷ס
ҪҪ׼ԣӰ򺲣ͬʱҲΪ˱ӣ͹ûס򺲵Ժ
ҺҲûȥ򺲣д˺Щӳ
Ѿȥ״Ԫ¥ˣͶ´пΪ
״Ԫ¥ġ컯־һĿʼɧ
Ҳܷʲôר
-

552 

ҽ뵽Ȼ̽˾䣺֪۾Σ
սЦЦ۾ĥף۸Ȼ̫͡Ҳ̫Ŭһѣܹġ
ͷܹĶ̫
νũӣҲǵ׼
ǵũ͹һˡ
ǱīֽͷĺķѾͲСĿ
˵۵ǦʣǦֺͯдҵʱãīֽǲɻȱ
˵ÿ껹øÑ
ֻ˳ţ͢Ż֮ᷢҲ಻Ķȥ
Щײ˼ңܲˣҲֻԽԽķݡ
ȥȥͶ˾һӶɾԺ󣬼жҲҪӾ
ײҪ治ס
˹ˡ
սԼԽʱԹ
ҪǴũŮ뷨ҸҪЩɲס
ҽսĻҲ˿
һ˶Ǽ۸϶ס
Ǵһ
뵽Щסˣϸսǣȥ͸Щ˵˵
սҪߣҲû
Ҫ˶ãǶ֪¥۾
ҽæʡ˺ôһѡ
Ȼͳһ⹤ߣҲ
ҽʲôˣ
ҽݿ춼вٿˡ
ҽֽϵĹɲ
οԴӱֽϿʼǸֹ󣬲ֶ̼ȹ档
˵ص̼֪º󣬸ضʼ˱ֽ־
ڸǹ档
ǵöˣ³ˣס
ЧҲһʼôá
񻻳ҽҽݣЧҪȱֽϵǹ滹Ҫò١
ҽһ⹤ߣһϻˡ
ս˷ܵشָԼⲽʵߵ̫ˡ
˭֪ʱͷָͶˣ
սļһĪ
ԴǴ˵ȥ̾;˸Ͷ
ÿյһء
һʼΪ⣬˶嵤͹ȥ
ŷ̸֣ûʲô⣬Ͷѡ
սЩֵֹġ
ǰҲյ
󲿷ЩҪֺĲģ͵ġ
ӱȽ䵭ЩҪֺĲȻǲҷġ
ЩҲ֪ӣȻżͶȴƵ
͵Ҳ̫ˡ
ÿλдš
Ҳ֪ôľ
սͷ̣ȴĪ˼ڴ
͵ʲôأ
ɡ
һӺ
սǰţ΢΢Щˡ
̲֪ǲ˼غ󣬵ԽԽˣȻдʫ
дþȻ
Ҳ֪Լдģұдġ
սˣﲻ˳ſٱЩˡ
ϧڱ߹أǻкЩӲܼ档
ս뵽ͻȻЩʧ䡣
һɴȥ鷿ֽ̿ʼ
ûãһͻˡ
ǳ̣
ս뵽̿ķӦͲЦ
Ѹٽɣȳ׸͸󣬾СؾװһϸϸͲ
ķƪ£ԡ
ԽǰżȻһһֱ
ûɹʹԽ
ߺҲһֱǱ
˭֪֮󣬹ݾȻ
֮ǰķţֳ˷
ݶ࣬Ǳɢ˵ģÿνһ㣬͸ͷ
ЩȻܣ϶ڿռ
ǰøոսһףõ˴ַ
սһֱûüԡ
ڿţͻȻԡ
ҪƳͿԸװЩԵڴͷ
ȻˣҪԶͳԵĹȥɲס
ս뵽
ֿʼչˣ۾½ɰ͹ܼҸ
˵սֱ˹أεҡҡͷ
۾Ѿ֪ˡ
˶ţսڳѧͷ˾ͰϢ
˵ʵʱͦ𾪵ġ
Ͼһֱڱ̾оⲣȻЩչǱսڳĹѧҪ˲١
Ǹӣо˶ȻϱȲϣ
ϲ˵ˡ
սôֱ˹أǳԤϡ
ΪսƳ۾ⶫʲô뷨ء
˭֪۾ڳͱ˹أѾûȤһ㶼ĵģֱӾ͵˦ƹ
ȤӵҡҡͷˣǵҪ
-

553 ֺܲõԤ

ԵĵԵܿ͵ˡ
ΪԣǶøЩڳ״Ԫ״Ԫ״Ԫϯ͸Ƶġ
ΪҪμӵԣȫġ
л˳״Ԫ⣬С
ܸܺӵس˳ζȻܲһͳˡ
л״ԪرСɾ£һȻʮ飬ȴΪ̫СɣȫҲûóš
Թ״Ԫصȥ游ѧ
ѧؿ緢ӣ㲻õģĲѧֻҪӣһûġ
дϲҲضЦݡ
ҲԼӦû⡣
Ȼ֮ǰĻԳɼʧЩ游һֱڽ̵ڶԼġ
ǸȻЩѧû˰Щȫһڼ쳵
ˣĶ֣
˵游ģһ״Ԫ
ѧοص˵ͷܿ״ԪºõҲܺùһЩҲ̫ѹһС
ЦŴӦˣȴ⣬һҪ״Ԫ
֮ǰĻûܿлԪ֪ڳЦ
ֻп״Ԫһѩǰܣ
ʱ䣬ܺܿݱ游μӵԡ
ֻܵſڣͱͽˡ
ܵʱÿſѾų˳ӡ
ŶӵǴ˴βμӵԵĹʿǡ
ΪƤӵ£вμӵĹʿҪϸԷǶ۲
˿ţ󣬾緢عȥ˶ӡ
̫ĵֳѾڳĺܶ๱ʿҪоöࡣ
Ȼֵøء
ˣһ崺ŵɫף¡
ܺܿ͵ⲻˡ
褡
θģ褡
Ǽġ
һϲռǸ췴ŷĺ͸ӿҳˡ
ƫƫռַҵҳӣȻ࿴յսΪ
ռһǺ˵
ǣɲʲôö
ս޸ñĥ
һҪ褻Ŷã
ĿⲻƵؿ褣ܿ褲ˡ
褾ؿ󣬳ŪüȻͲЩŶӵĹʿ
ģֵ˽ܡ
̾͵͵ֽݺ
褿иǳŪѡ
ϣ
̺ϸܺܲϲһֱüͷɫǳѿ
Ҫ޿̵ʱǽˡ
ܱŽ˹š
ȥʱһۣ뵽Լܿͻ״Ԫɣֵ䴽ǣﳤȥ
治ɫȴһǲмС˵־ӡ
֪ԷŰ죬ƽڲﳰܡ
лͽˣȻõ鷳
ϧǸĺģ͸лӣвѡ
ƫƫҲ˿ڣлͽֻܳưͿ
Ѿ˻ԣղȻһʤȯյģǲ
㽭ѧǴ壬״Ԫôÿģ
Ϊҳ˸̫¾ͻ࿴յΪ״Ԫ
вɣ
褸һְ˼ͷ
ǵԣЩʿҪڱƤӵ¿Եġ
Ҫǳ˲ӣѴ̣˼á
뵽ĿسЩʿȥϬ·Ҫǿ
ЩʿǱηôһ͸ˡ
˺һ̲Ž
һʿҲ˹š
֮ǰȥĽܣѾߵ˾еԵĹ㳡
㳡Ͳú鰸֮ܵ󣬺ܿҵԼλá

Ȼ²úͻȻɫ
ãе㲻
ᰴ˰θַǳõԤС
ֲĸоǳԻ˶
ô
ֻ˼׼ĳʳûͷĶ
ѵ˺
˭
תɫԽԽѿ
ԽԽˣҪéĸо
ڣʱԲʣ
ԥƬ̣Ǿȥé
Իûʼԥȥֻ˷ʱ䣡
Ȱˣ׼ԡ
ܺܿ뿪ˡ
⿴˿뿪Ĳֹһȥé㲻̫ͻأ
ϾԻôʱ䣬ҪǲѸˣȻҪڱǰ
ߵúܿ죬ȴֱֲܹȥֻһ·ߡ
ԵĵطһĹ㳡éЩԶ˺üӣǵé
-

554 ڳ

ԴͰͶױس󣬹éѾ
ͷƯĴשǳɾࡣ
ܽȥʱ򣬻Ӷüͷ
ڼ֮ˣֵطʵûʲôøС
ͰøɸɾéﻹѬ㣬ûκζǾ
ֻҪ뵽ͰǱùģ;ࡣ
ڣҲá
ֻǿеÿ·ȥ
Ҫٽ˭֪һȥ󣬾Ȼһʰ
ò׽ɾҴҸȥ㳡ʱ򣬴ԶͿƺˣֻһλӿš
Զ׼Ǹλþġ
ŵɫһףðһƬ亹
첽˹ȥ
ȴֵط֣ˣ
ƫƫʱûߵλƬ㳡ʮԶľ룡
ܶʱ
ô죿
ǷɱȥǼ߹ȥ
Ѿˣܿͻᷢ
ҪǷɱȥȻҪǰ
ҪǼߵĻôԶľ϶ϲ
ʱ۷־һûô룿
Ƭ̺󣬽ܾɱȥ
ݺҧҧȻͿʼɱ
ԶϣϾشЩʿ
ſţͷиλӾȻš
ô£
أ
۲õüͷ˭λã
˲±ƣĶ֪˭λã
Ҳܰÿλõ˶ס
ʶ˹ȥȻۼط˷ɱĽܣ۾һУ̾Ͳ˳
С˵ƺǽҴӵλá
ʱҲ˷ɱеĽܣõ۾ɫһӱ
һʲôҲû˵
ܱϾ̫׸磬ʱ˳ͰˣҪ˵Ǿ̫ѿˡ
øŶ
統û
ˣۻһȽܻصλӣŹȥ
֮󣬹ʿǺܿɽꡣ
ûʲô飬ɴƽ˵ЩĻԾͿʼˡ
ʿ˭Ҳû̧ͷðգܸǰͷúܵͣ±Ƽ
ʱѾûһʼ緢ֻڴܹһĿӱһˣոյðʧ
ȻԵĿ󣬽ܾɵۡ
εԵĿǸҵйأ
ܶʱͻˡ
һм̼֮ӲԽݲ̵ľӪǼڸ
˭֪۾ȻĿ⣡
ô
ԣ
ܺܿ찲οԼ
ʿụ̼̃Ƴ̼֮
ûҪţֻҪúô⣬뷨дС
ܲ˼ţ˼תü졣
ţ뵽
սǿ̵ģ˵Ǳ¥ľۼ۰󣬾Ǳ¥ս
Ȼ˵֮٣
ǰûᣬɵúú˵˵
ȥ
Խ룬Խѣ˼Ȫӿܿء
ëʣպī֮󣬺ܿڲݸֽϿʼ⡣
Ϊȷֽĸɾ࣬Ҫڲݸֽд֮ܳȥ
һֽۼǳ׷ˡ
µĴֽ
˼Ȫӿ±ɡ
ȴû֣ͷĺѾԽԽŨ
ӦǸʡùֶ
֪Ѿƪ¶д˳
޸һ󣬽ع𴽽ǣʼд
˭֪ճһС룬ͻȻö﷭
ŵɫ䣬ҧŬš
˭֪ͻȻʹ˶ˡۡһ
ȻͻĶ
Զû
ŵ˳ζ
ɫ˲ˣܿ˵ȥô£
ΧĹʿһȫǹɶζѬñɫȻ˭ҲҶ
ڵԣ۵Ƥӵ£ҪǵҶΪףǾ̫ԩˣ
һֻǿǹɶ⡣
˹ȥܿͷ˽ܵĲԾ
ʶܵ׷ʲô𾪵ӶԲˡ
ֻǹɳζһҲ˵ֱӻ˻֣˰ѽȥ
ҧ۾ȫǺѪ˿
߷ֻ޲ԭʧ
ȥʱûҽ
ˣ³ҡ
ȥλҲѸٱ˳ȥ
ѾմȾۻ࣬ǲȥǹζ϶һֱڡ
ԻüۻأܱЩۻײˣ
뵽ܱȥʱӣĵҡҡͷ
ͬʱ̲ס˼
̫ܿĵֳ˵óŶԡ
ѵǱ˰ˣ
ҪĻ˭Ұ
뵽ɫһӾͱˡ
ַ֮С
-

555 ѵ壿

㳡տζܿɢȥˡ
۵ɫɺܲã뿪ط뵽λԺһοƣʵܵʾֻ
Դڳ󣬻ðӵĽܣûôˡ
ܱȥ󣬾ͱӽé
߷ȴʵڿƲסġӿֻܱȽ⡣
Ҳ֪ã촿ԡ
éȻöûôˣ
ûöʱͰѸ˸ɾ
׼һɾ·ֱǸĽӡ
ǹɶζɢȥˡ
ܵɫȴڵøƵģ˭Ƿ
ͷףԼҲزȥˡ
ô˲μӵԣȻڳϢ϶ס
Ҫǣڳˣ֮⣬в̣ʣµЩʿвٻΪĳж
£ô볯Ϊ٣
ԺֻҪͻ뵽ĳ¡
¾ҲҪ
ˣ
뵽;߷
᲻
ôᣬôˣôã
Ҫˣ˸סĳ£
ֻߴȨգЩ˳ױ죡
뵽жʱ˲Ұġ
˾˶
߹ȥžһݣȻһݵ˳ȥ
棬éſڡ
뵽ܽյϺ޲Ϸȴеࡪ
̫ùˣѧôãȻڵԵʱ飡
֣Խӵݣôᷢأ
ӵģƺǳԻ˶ӣԵԵʱŻƲס
ôԻӣ϶ʲôıɣ
˭֪жҪĿܻڵԵʱԻӣ
Կ϶ı
˭Ҫأ

߳ʱ򣬿ǱɫҰ׵
һܴģ
Ҳ֪ԼǳԻ˶ӣʼʱ򣬾Ѿһ顣
ǵã⼸ĳʳһֱĸ׺ͷġ
ΪľԷһԻ˶ӣӰ˵ԡ
ϳ֮ǰĸ׺ͷ״Ԫͣол״Ԫ⡣
˵Щ˶ûɺ
ĸ׺ͷϲܣлҲܡ
óлĿ¶
ǳ֮ûٳԹκζˮûȹ
Ӽֱӽ˹ڹſھ
֮ûã;öӺܲȥһé
˭֪ʱ䣬òһ·ɱλ
Ŵ⣬ȻͻȻ¡
ܲĸסϺлẦǾͿ϶Ǳµ֣
ĳʳģʳرʣܻԻӡ
˹ͷҩ
û϶ҩ
ֻǲ֪Էʲôʱ򶯵֡
ҪڽҶ֣˵Ѿȫˣ
ܺܲԸһ㣬ֿʼɱġ
ڹſ褣᲻褶֣
֮ˣֶı¶֣п
̫ĵֳ׸硣
עǵˣ
;͵Ƕ̫һ۰
褾ô
ֻϧû֤ݡ
û֤Σóģ
ֻҪ»褣˳顣
ʱ򣬾ͲŲ鲻֤
뵽̶˵ȥ£Ҫ
̹롣
Ȼܽ˴󣬿ô̫״磬̿ɲҶ
Ҳ֪㣬䴽ǣΪм
̺ܿŽ߽ƫ
һƫŭ͸
˻ȥۣ˻ȴƫ
ڹˣ
ôܻƫ
вã뷢ŭȻ뵽ǰóĳǿסˡ
Уողų˳
Ҫʱֳֻ۵ķС
̡
ֻǲ֪˻ΪҪƫѵǸ壿ͷʲô
뵽ֿܣЩҡ
תһ룬־ҲǸᡣ
ǶԷ度лᷴ
ֻҪץסԷİѱĻָϴϵ
뵽ʱ
͵͵һָϸϸһĿǰС
ղ֮һ㶼ˡ
ڵԿԷ
ǽܲɫظƫ£ץסԷİѱ
Ȼƿź󣬽ܾɵۡ
澹Ȼǡ
-

556 ¶

ޱվſڣɫڡ
ʱѾƿţվſڣؿŵˡ
ϻ̫ҽĹۣݿ֪
ոջΪǸ壬ĦȭƵشץסԷ
Ȼ̫ҽ
ʧѡ
Ȼ̫ҽͲʲô塣
ԷǵŸġ
ˡ
ܲԸԼȻˣɫܲÿ
ܿ´˾
Ȼ̫ҽҪǱ˶˿϶ܹ
ʱϴһЩ
˿Ųݵ˽ȥ
ֻɫɷǳѿ
ŵ̫ҽȥվʾҪ
ܵ˵ͷȻ£ַڲ輸ϣ˵ͷλ̫ҽˣĳǱ˶λæĳ˺ֶн⣿
̫ҽҵ
̫ĵֳǿɲҵˡ
οǻԵڶֲμ˽ĵԡ
ͻȻ£ܿڱһ֪Ҫǣ˽ȥ
ǿɵþЩ
뵽һı߸
ȻȲ潭ܺ뿴ʲô
˭֪֮󡭡
̫ҽ͵͵һۣò̫Ծ
ܵȫжļ
ô£
ѵûжֻǳԻ˶ӣ
Уϸ
̫ҽֿʼһֺֻ
Ȼ͵͵һۡ
ܼһֱڣЩʵ֪λɿĳʲô
ⶾһ̫ҽſڣ֪ӽտԹʲô
üͷõʣ˼ǣĳڼеĶ
̫ҽɲҿ϶˵ںδжȲ֪֮ǵ¶ⶾ֮ϡ
Ϸʣӵ׳ԹЩʲôҲþжһ¡
ȻͷܲҲ֪ж֮£Ǿͷ˵á
ԥƬ̺󣬾Ͱ糿ԹĶȫ˵˳
˵֮üͷ̽˵˵֮ﱻ¶Ŀ󣬿ɽĳ빬ʱ糿ùĳʳѾɾҲ֪Ƿ©
̫ҽ룬õȷЩġ
ںڼˡ
֪飬Ǿ͸ø没ڼңЩ鷳
ͷˮ̫ˣв͵ðǸ
ԽԽơ
Ƕץ׳ܵЩֲС
һʵ֪ƽʱûĳʳһδǻʹ͸ˣ
⻰һһ̫ҽҲ˵ǳʳ͸ˣһж˳Թ֮϶ҲжֻҪȥѯʣҳˣ֤ӵĳʳﱻ˶
뵽ĳʳĸ׺ͷģлһ״Ԫ⣬϶¶
Ͳ̫Ը̫ҽעĳʳͷ
ʵ˵ʳﱻ¶ĿԺܴ󣬵ҲûбĿܡ
ĳµ·Ӧûڣλ̫ҽȼһЩ·бʲôֽš
Ǿ褸ɵģ˵˳
ǻµ·ϵ-ҩ褱Ѵ̣
̫ҽĻɫһڣҪ˵ĳ嶯
Ǽ·
Ϊǲ֪ܽԵʱ˴ֱӵ˳
·ͷѾմۻ࣬Ȼ˼ȥ飡
̫ҽƵҪȻ뵽ܵݣȴֲòӲͷƤ̣ѯʽܻµЩ·䡣
̴û뵽ǻһ¡
Ȼ˵·Ѿպãʱȡ
̫ҽ͵͵˽һۣ̰Щ·ԴǵرʾҪŽܵ顣
Ա߼ල
֮̾Щθ
ܾ̫ҽȴӦֻӲͷƤӦ
ܿ죬ܻ·ͱȡ˹
֮˲һɡ-ꡱζ
ܴǻû׺ζͱˡ
̫ҽҡ
Ҫ·Ҫ³Ķ
֮˽
ܻ·ϲûмĺۼ
³ĶֺɫĹӡ
ȻѾҧˣ̫ҽϳֹӡ
һҰĽΪŮݮȻζȴ΢Ķԡ
صΪƽʱԵʳպþĽҩԳû¡
˳ˣֶӡ
ܸպˣǰδԹⶫǵһγԡ
ǣŮݮԵһ˻Ϻ󣬼˶ԡ

-

557 ˭ˣ

󣬽ܵɫġ
ֱţ
Ůݮ֪ΪǵһγĶŮݮӡر̡
ϳԸʱζʵڶأлҲǧңĸ㶼ͷĲһ
뵽ȻΪŮݮڵϳ˴
лڸʲô
ѲɣνǹϷƭģΪľɾ裬ȻԹԳŮݮڵϳ
ļˣ
ɺ޵ǣȻƭ˹ȥŮݮɵĸ㣬Ȼô࣡
ˣл״Ԫʱ򣬸û˵ʲôŮݮֻ˵һΪ״ԪĹӣֻС
Ϊɽﳤ״ԪζرãлϲԣлΪרɽ
ʱµʱ򣬻лҹȻǧңƴ֡
ǽҾ;Բ飬̫ݳˡ
ƭ
л
ԽԽޣ۾ѪɫԽԽأ̫ҽŵòᡣ
Щܲס̼ͻȻˣɴע⣬͵͵˼
˭֪պˣܾͲˣسǿ˹
۾ʵ˵״Ԫ죬Ūˣ
̫ҽ˵дӱҰͬĵطзȻͬн״ԪģҲнŮģнġ֮ⶫͮͮģرϲ죬ζֺãڵܻͦӭ
Ľұ飬ȴЩģô˵ĳΪŮݮŻᡭвʣ
һ̫ҽ϶ص˵ͷ¾д
ܲսȭͷ
Ϊ褹ʱҩȻǡ
ڵϳôĳ󣬾ȻΪл
̫Цˡ
޲̻ȥɱлйߡ
֪Լô
ǵɱлⱲӾĻˣ
лǸˣϧȴܸлᡣ
£ôӳ顣
лǾԲŹģ
뵽ܾʹ
ǳû⹬ˡ
ȻʱһͻȻ˽
ԭѾҪǡ
Ҳ߲ˣֻʵʵȥۡ
̫ҽҲȥˡ
ֻǵ˵طȴЩҽȥ
ЩۣһֱǵĴ
վſڣϽȥЦеشߴٵʿ룬ء
ϴЦ쳣
ȴ쳣أǵһͱϡ
ϵЦݣڳ
뵽Եʱ˻Ҳڣܾͺ޵ҧ
֪϶ǿһĻЦأ
뵽ܣܵɫ͸ˡ
˽ȥ

̫ȵļ
ĵӣ֪Ϊʲôⲻ
̫ˡ
ѾϢЩӴһֱ游Խ̵Ծ⡣
϶ܿһס
Ƿӵúãܿ״Ԫ
Сϻ۹ˣʫģõĵġ
֮ǰĻԲǸ⣬ǿӹŹ֣Ųȡ磬Ǹ򺲵˵˱ˡ
εԣ»ģԲǸռ˱ˡ
ƶţȻ֪ô£ŵ
ͻȻ̺ۿ첽˽
ǸӦʲô͵س̺ۿ˹ȥеʵǱϢˣ
˵꣬ͷֱ̺۽Сɫܲÿǳˡ
߸˲ȥ
ɫҧʵǳʲôˣ
ʹֽ֮üͷ̫Ծ
ʱܳʲô£
Ѳɣ˸ڵд̣
ЩǸʲôԵģ
ȵȣǵãģƺ褣
Ҫڵд̣еѴ̡
ʱ򲻽ֻ·һǸһÿ϶ҲҪܵǣ
˵Ǿǹ⹴ᣬҪдأ
뵽ܣĺܿ
Ҫд̣ʲ°ɣ
Ҫ£̫ӡ
뵽øˣȥ
̺ҧ촽˵ͷ顱һڵϣ£ӳˣ
̣̫ӼλΪʺһĻͻȻ˱̺仰
ˣðζûܷӦ
̺۸ո˵ʲô
ô壿
˺һŲʣ̺ۣո˵ʲô˭ˣ
ɫˣ̺۵Ҫ
̺۱ŵòᣬͷҿǴӳˣ
̼˵Ҹܳʲô£
վ˭֪ͻȻʹ
-

558 ͻȻ

ʹ˲ɫ
ʶסӣȴֶԽԽʹй
ܵǹ⣬ĳ׻ˡ
ҽһغ졭촫̫ҽ
̺һԾŵøϽ̧ͷȻͿѾʹֽͷð亹
ʱתųܣ˴̫ҽ
ڶһֱ̫ҽפأͷ̷ɱȥ̫ҽ
ûãפص̫ҽͻҵطɱ˹
Ϊȥɫţһ֪̫߳£ﻹ˵
һܳ˰׳̵ٶȣ˵˲ˡ
Ե̫֮ҽȫ˵
ڶԽԽ֮ǰ;̥һ̥յúܡ
ǳӣĺӾͿܱס
̫ҽ˭Ҵ⣿
˹˲˵ææȥ𽿴ȴҪ
Ҳ֪ʲô̼ξȻգˮˣûֹֻ
ֻ֮£Ͳ̫ҽˡ
̫ҽˣñӡ
ϳ֪ͨ˲òš
ȥ˲ҽŮȥȻʹû
Ҫǽɫʵ̫ѿˣҰ׵øֽһȲ϶ֲס
ܿ죬̫ӣۺŻʺϢ׷׸˹
۵õϢʱ򣬽Ҳڡ
˵ͻȻŵɫˡ
ɲܳ£
Ҫǳ£ǽô죿Ҫô죿
ڵϳôĳѾΪ
ֻнС̫۲ŻῴС̫ϣһ档
ڽͻȻ
ԣ¿϶йŹ֣
£ŽҲˡ
ôɺϵ£϶ã
ǰлֲɵܹܲظ¶
̫ҽ˵ϲŮݮ
Ȼ˳˶û£û֮󣬷Ӧô
϶͵͵˶ķӦŻôڵϳ֡
ǱߣҲǱ˸ˡ
ԲŻͻȻ
Ǹ
С̫߸£֮ǰͶ˺ü̥ܳɹ
ƽ
Խ룬ɫԽѿ
ȥʱۣ˵ǵĽĺӣȥ
ûԡ
ܱϾǽ׸磬ǲ˵ͰˣȻ˵˳ܲܲȥ
̫ˡ
Ǹϵʱ̫Ѿһˣڲͷ
ŽţͷϴʹĲҽͷƤ顣
ȻϱûʲôøУҽеҲЩ
üͷ̫ӣ֪ôôͻȻѲ
̫ӵɫ쳣ѿˡ
ҧгݵ˵ʣѾˣϵŮսȥûãͻȻ˳̫ҽ
Զã϶ŮϣѾ˽ץ̿ʣڽû
һ⻰̼ʵŮʲôŮʲô֣
̫ӷߺ޵˵һб̺۵ŮǴСźϵģƽŻģ˭֪Ȼ飡
̺ۣʲô̺ۣܲ죬ǲŪˣ߲ûнб̺۵Ů
̫Ƴһۣ֪뵽ʲôüͷøЩǰ¾ֲ̫ãýϸһ
˵ܾ
ΪӣֹעߵŮʲô֣
ǽҵļӣӡ
ǽ֮ЩŮͲˡ
Ҳʡ
Ȼȥ̫ˡ
ǽ׸磬Ҳñӡ
ʱ֪̺󣬽ʶ˵СźãĹᱳá
˹ƣҪò߸²࣬Ϊúеĺֻع
ǽҵļӣҪΪԵýȻҪǣң
ҽܲԼ˵ˣܱѽ𽣬ĸĸֵܶڽţұѣ
¿϶ûϵһڱ
ȴ֪̫ڻɱ̺ۡ
ֻΪ̺ǴСźѾͷò̫ܣʱŹ˰жš
˭֪Ȼǳˣ
̫Ӻ޵ݶҧˣ¶Ȼ࣡
ʱĸ̫༱Ҵ˳£̺ˡ
⻰һ̫Ӻͽʶֱͦ˼̫࿴ȥ
Ϊ򶨣ֻ̧Ŀؿ̫ࡣ
ܽʵʲô
̫£ڸ򶨲
-

559 Ѳ

ƽʱܾ˳嶯̫Ӻǰֱʳ
䣬ֵĽĺи̣Щ嶯ˡ
̫ӴʱҲĵúܣﻹƽ
Ƴ˽һۣʲôҲû˵
ҲûôС
ܣѾӰˡ
һܣ;ÿ·ŵĶζ
ԹתĿ⣬̫ӵĸ̫ࡣ
ô˵
̫Ŀ⸴ӵؿ˽һۣȻ̫Ӻ˵̺йûı̫̫Ϊ˵ӳ£ŻͻȻܴ̼
̫ԣʶܿȥ
ڵϳʵҲ˵ˡ
ֻ֪Ҳòֻ֣ҵ֪Ҫܣٳ顣
û߽𽣬˷Ϣô֪ģ
̫Ӳɵܿ뵽ԭ
ȻǱ̺˵ġ
̫ӵɫ˲쳣ѿ
ںڼˡ
֪̺۾Ȼ飬ý͸˴̺ۣ
ڽ˴̼Ҳ֪ܱܲס
뵽ӣ̫ӵɫѿˡ
ԥһ˲ܿ˵ʣҪ֪˭ָʹı̫͹µĺӣ
̫ܿȥ
˭Ҳû֣۵ɫղ˼֡
̫뵽ģȻҲ뵽ˡ
̺ǽŮһǴСźġ
£ֻֿܡ
ҪôǱ̺Ļ̥ѽܵ¸˽𽣬½˴̼
ҪôǱ̺˽ܵĵ֪ܳ£˽𽣬Ѳ
һ֣Եȼеŭ
ֻǽܻ۾ҲܵŽܵʳ̫ӵ
ʱŻʺҴҸ˹
ۿӭ˹ȥ
Żʺɫ̫ÿŭǸ
סŻʺ֣־ȻǱģɫ͸ѿˣͯôˣ
Żʺ۲ķͷϴĲҽһҲϰ¡
СʵôˣôͻȻ

Ȼǽ̫ӵ
ܱ̺Ǹʲôģ飬˵׻̫ӹ
˵ڵϳ£֪˴̼
Żʺüͷʲô£
֪󹬲øǰ¡
Ծ֪ǵԣҲδ⡣
Ҫ˵֪ϾȻ顣
ۼ֪ŭյøˡ
ʺ󶼲֪飬һ̫Ȼ֪ˣ
ңѾϢ̺۲ǸŮô֪ģ
ֻҪ뵽⹬ͷȻб˵ߣ۾ֿ˵ĳ嶯
±ó飡
ץŻʺ˫֣һ߰ůţһ˵ܳԻ˶ӡ
û˵̫ϸŻʺֲɵô˵ܿͲµôˡ
ֻΪڵԵʱ˶ӣû뵽Ȼֱ˳
Ͼʵ̫˼Ҳ̫ˡ
Żʺûϸʣֻǿʼ뵽˱ġ
ϾȻ֪ڵϳ£ô֪ģ
̼ͷѵı
˹⺦Ǵɺϣ
˼ٴҲ뵽ϾȻϣִ治뷨
ʵ̫ԶΪ̵ǽܣҲᱻŵ
ϵһֻｭһֱڲҽУˡ
˲һʱͻȻ˿һ̫ҽҴ˳Ź˵ϡ
ͬϵȴ̫ӿһĻŵæվ
Ұŵؿ̫ҽǿҵĿֻŸУһˣ
Ȼ̫ҽֵ̿˵̫ӵ£̫Ѳһ̥ա
ʲôѲ̫ŵɫˣŵ˵ǣʲô취һҪȷ̫ͺû£
ΪڽţЩ
̫ҽŵô˸£΢Ȼ߾ܡ
˵ֽȥˡ
üͷ˰̫ҽԺе̫ҽҽŮȫرס̫̥
Ȼܲϲ̫ϱϾ̫һʬȥ̫ˡ
ңӿ̫ӵĵճӻߵճŮĵճߵճŮԲ¡
̫ҽҽŮǽȥֹá
ȴʱԵø
ֵһʱ۵Żʺ壬ȥˡ
ֻʣ̫Ӻͽܻصͷ
̫ӵҲܲסˣֻȻȥϢ
ֻнܻڵȡ
ȵҲסˣƫϢ
ʱ̫û
-

560 ҩ

ʹҹŰѺ˳
һӤֳѿϺɫֻССһš
ӳʱһûУˣŵź̫ҽǶΪûˡ
ԹϢ󣬷ֺӻ΢ϢϽȡ
ץӵȽĴһ󣬺³ණ
ֻǿ΢ñèж磬ﶼġ
ĺһ֪첻㣬پģδܻ
ˣԺҲǸҩӣ
ͻȻŽҽŮˣ̫Ѫˣ
̫ҽ˲ˡ
ã
ˣ
취ֹѪ
ô죿ֻҩˡ
̫ˣ˵Ժ󶼲ˣ
ô죿ѵҪ̫𣿡
̫ҽһǾҩ̫
ܱȶá
̫
һʱ䣬ģǹҩ
˺һѪֹסˡ
̫ǿֻҲ˵
Ҫܾòܹá
ҽҲа
̫ҽǿֽ̫ɫС壬ˡ
ѸٰСϴɾٺСı˳ȥ
ʱǰ̫ͷš
ͻȻ򿪣̽ŵؿ˹ȥ
ٵźæվҪȥ
̫ãѪѾˡ
̫һҪˤ
ԱţϽסȻѾһͷԵȥ
̫һȴ˲Լһ˫۾Ż١
ȴû
̫ӵ˲˹ȵס
ʣӡôˣ
Źڵϣϲ£̫˸
̫΢΢˿ܿʣôûޣ
ѵ˯ˣ
ҵš
ŵɫһӰˣСЩ
̫⻰ʶǲ̫á
ݺüͷ˷߹ȥŻ١
ٰͦȻ߽֮ͷͷ¶С
ٰʵֻ¶۾ͣҲóСˣɫҲ̫Ծ
ԲǸĺӡ
Ҳǣ̫⺢Ӳ߸£϶ĺӲһ
̫ӲͣﰲοԼɻǾһǱһ
ĵճӣ
Ȼ߸¾ˣ
ôСܹ
̫ĳ˻ɺ͵ǡ
ԥʵܱ𣿡
ʶѺӱЩС˵£̫Сˡ
̫˼ڲ㱧
ЩʧһҲ߸ߵʵôСǲǲܼ磿
Ž˵С¿µϸš
̫һȥ
ǲ
Ѫ̫أúһֱţ
źܿźȥ˾Ĳõķ䣬Ѿˡ
ߺ̫Ӿ£ܽȥСĳײˡ
̫վڲſڣͷŨѪζҩζٴγȵס
ʣ̫ôˣ
СػŻ£̫̫ˣѾ˯ȥˡ
̫Ӿıһ£ֻ˯ˣ
˸Сˣ˯ţӦҪѹ
̫˿
û˰ѽͻԷ
ȻȲؽȥˡ
Ȼֻ˯˹ȥ˻źʱ˿
ȻȥۺŻʺϲ
֮ǰѲһֱ
ۺŻʺѾ׼ûٹš
ǵݣԭҲһֱŽϱ
̫˹ȥϲۺŻʺܿ͵Ϣ
֪ĸƽ˶˿
ֻǶڽӣǶû̫ϣ
ʱѲ
ܲ֪
ұ̫ϣ
û¿֮ͷܣֻЩ˲֮Ʒ
̫֪Խ
֪ΪʲôûԲŸӲ
̫Сˣ·һ綼Ҫ
ճӣܹ
̫ԽԽԥ֮ȥۡ
ۼһʧǵӣҲ̫ܡ
̫ôˣмسƹ𣿡
̫⻰ĵò޳ֻأ̫Сˡʦæʦƽ𣿲֪ܱܲӺӡ
üͷȴ뵽ս
֮ǰ̫Ѳսæ
ֻԥ󣬵ûô
Ҳ֪᲻зӣ
-

561 Ѿ

ۿŴֶӿͰ͵İͦӡ
Ƭ̺󷽵شӦ̫ӵ󣺡ȥɡ
̫л˶˳ȥ
ۿ뿪ıӰȴٴ뵽ս
սｭϽɽһ̥ʵգǲ߸£Ҳδܹ
ѲһֱûܰѺ˵һʬ
ǰսʱϻߺӳ£սƺҲϴ塣
ϴϱѾˣܲܰ϶ϱȥ
ԥ󣬻Ƿˡ
ܻܲͿϺǺӵ˵
ܹһþ
ҪǾôûˣ˺úðˣԺٸϴһõġ
Ҫǰ϶ϱȥϺͺٳ£ɾ˵ˡ
Ҫ϶ϴֵ֮顣
ںӼȻǿҸᣬ϶ϱûʲô÷ӣܹסǺӵ
ϾĵճȻ磬ܵ뷨ӰѺסˡ

̫ӵ׿ϣ˳Ҧ
Ҧͦ졣
̫Ӻ񣬱̫ļ
̫ӽ˵ʦȥ̫Ų̫ã֪ʦзӱסǣ
ҦüͷЩء
̫ѾȲתߣǰͷ·ֻӲͷƤȥ
߱ʵƶϴθ̫ƽƣ֪ɻڣ
̫ѲϢûдͷ
ҦҹѾƳһЩ׵ﲻúܡ
̫빬»
ֻЩ벻ףѾƽ͸̫Ϊ̫ͻȻ
Ѳɣ̫ûдƽƣ
뵽ܣʦͲ̫
̫˵ƽƻڣѾѺۣҲ֪ܲá
˵֪뵽ʲôͻȻһ£ǹʦƽƣ̫ͻѾ
һ£ͻȻʦһ񣺡лʦ
Ҧ̱˿Ȼϸ̫һۣɫܿ䣡
̫ϵȻˣ
ôȻ˰ⴢ֮λѾˡ
Ҧġ
ͻȻ뵽ս̲סȥ
ǹʦ̫ʦóȻǰʵ̫׵
ֻܴӳ顣
ܿ죬ǵ˽סĽ
̫Դӷƽϵƺ󣬾;ƽƱס˽ϺͶӵصؽ˰һƽƼǡ
Ϊ˵嶼̫²һ
ʱԾɻԲѣӳԹ̺Ҳ˯˹ȥ
̫ӹ˲ñӣֱӴҦߣŮᣡ
ҦſԲѵڴϣճСԱߣ¶СݵŶôĿġ
˲ȥ
ϸϵˣ͸ӳˡ
ϵ̫ˣǺ΢ʱϨ
СﳤǶܻꡣ
Ǿˡ
Ҧ̾˿Լˡ
̫ӿ˼ŽϺСͽŵʵʦзӱסǵ
Ҧε˵ƶƽƣЩôģˡƶΪ
̫ʵ׼⻰Ǿ͸ˡ
ŵĽᷢӣеճӡ
ڣȴֻؿ²ʡǶʦ֮⣬ް취
ʵ̫ûˣ
ܷǳʧ̫ӻǸҦлȻˣͷʦˡ
ҦóƽƵݸ̫ӣԸϺСϣЩͬ
ϧˣҲΪ
̫Ӹ˴ƽƺ󣬾Ҧȥ
˭֪߳ȥ˵ǽһرӡ
̫в죬˴ܽ
ʱҦǣȻ»Ҫæƶȸˡ
̫ҵ
ýϺС˵ҦҦʦȻǸԽͳ˶
պڶſ˽ܡ
Ա߹ȻиӣúڲסˣҲ֪ͷװʲô
ܿҦ̹һ
ҦȻˣԱߵĴӣʲôҲû˵Ī뿪ˡ
ߺ̫ӲؿǸӣʣǣ
̽ڲ˿뿴
̫ӿĶɫ䣺ǡ
ܺܿ˵£ǰڰ¹ԺĺɽżȻǡʱˣֻȽǴظҽΣոոת
-

562 ֮

ܼ͵ƺԣջȥ֪̫֮ʱǾһֱֱܲ侲
ʱ䣬ƺպ̫СµʱҲ֪ǲɺϡĸ˵̫С£һֱһòһҪ
ƴǲĸһģֻýǴ˹ϣǵԣܹ̫Сƽ
̫ⷬ鸴ӵļ򣺡ˡ
˵ֻҪ̫Сû£񼴱ǣҲǡ
̫ӱ˽̧ȥ
̧ӵʱ򣬻ЩҡΣסͷĶﴫϡ֮
˶̫Դ˰͵԰Ȧ˿طʣĶ档
ʱ¶®ɽĿһ԰¹Ӧûĸӣ
Թ¹ԭ˵
¹Ǵ˵֮ϼ̵Ԣⳤ
ɫĶΪĴڡ
һ԰¹ĸӣ֪ж
صؽİ¹ĸ빬Уνþ˼
ֻϧ׻ǳ⡣
ܵǷ˵˵߷ּ١
͵͵Ѱ֮ܹѰҵһ԰¹ĸӣҲȷ֮ϲ
һֱС԰¹ĸӣʱˣ͵͵Ū˰¹Ժɽ˸ⷢ֡
ţȽܿлԪ״Ԫٰ԰¹ĸ͸𽡣
ܸСƣ˳һ½ܺͽҵİ¹Ժ
˭֪ܾȻûܿлԪڵϳ˴
ĵǣ𽻹̼ƴʣһ
˵ǻӣĻӿ¶ܻ꣬ʲôã
ǻǽ¹ĸ
˵ϣܹӽСƽ˵ʵ⡣
һҲϣС¡
ڵϳ˴ҪһͲû˽С
̫Ӳ֪Щƣʱֻһϣʧȥ޵ɷ򣬻вʧȥճӵĸס
ﻹ˼ȥܱģ
Ҳϣ԰¹ĸܹá

֪ʱȥ졣
죬̫ӼǶ꣬޲ò۵ض޶۾һգǾûˡ
һԾͻ죬ֱϴ죬ûѹ
Ϊ̫ӵԽء
СﻹǿţȻͦģô
ϴ죬սýϲ
Ѿ֪˽ڵϳ󣬽˸ӵ¡
ǳ˵ġ
ƽʱһϲ̫ӣһҪ˵Щ˵Ļ
һΣǾֶ̫˵µ飬ǳģƽôֻ
սǱŵˣԼԺĶҲû±Ӧڶϡ
Ҳ˵ʲôֻ룬Ǹӵȷͦġ
ңʷƺıˡ
ʷϵļأ³ģȴ
ԹŴҽҲ֪ܻܲ
ȻЩģսû鷳
ʷϵĽǵ̫̫
Ȱ˹ɷӡ
ɵǣɷͶӻͻȻУòס
˭֪ͷûֱʣ
Ҳ˵ûСûܹסС
аգҲҳ֡
һѧλŮʵۣİѶӸŪƺӶϴɾ
ʱս֪̫ҽΪ˱ס˻֮ҩǳ漣ȻٻС
ŪΨһĶӣ
սգֲۣص·ɰ˹
׼Ҳƽ
˶ҵŮ졢Ȼ̫ӲӨӨڡ
ս治ɫظǼȻϣʽʼ
ΪС̫ϴʽҲˣֻˮմմ֣ûϴ°ûˡ
սΪ˱ӹûǰգֻԶԶһۡ
һͷ֣Ǹ̫ˣ΢úܣҲ֪ܻܲ
ϾȻ΢ϢƽƺƣӦǹʦġ
ⶫǶЩ
ֻϧ̫ˣЧޡ
Ȫȫܱȡ
սɲɵðȪó
ǸӿͦģҲûϵ
Ҫǽ̫
ϴʽ󣬺Ӻܿͱ˽ȥ
սŲˣ׼Żʺ뿪
˭֪Ǳסˡ
ŻʺϴŵЦóЦúǿڵǸӡ
Żʺս˵ĸЩûˣĸ˵˵ɡ
սþܾ
ֻܹԹԸȥܷ﹬
-

563 Żʺ

ȥܷ﹬·ϣս²⡣
Ȼܷ﹬Żʺ̾ϢɩôСҲ֪ܲסˡ
ս˵ô̫ҽӦóƵİɣ
ŻʺΣȻУֻǺ̫С̫ҽǶЩ޲ߡ
սʵʦأӦа취ɣү˵ʦһƽƣԱƽ
ʦǻƽƣⶫҲףҪܾòáζ˹ʦƽƣɩӺֶĸƽ
Żʺ˵̾ϢһϧʦҲûк÷ӣƽƣҲûܹסֶ
˵ŻʺĿеؿսĸ֪Ǹúӡĸ˵иʦǼܷûʲô÷ӣ
ĸ֪ҪЩǿˣĸҲûбķӣֶôСĵճӣĸܲؿȥҪ뷨ӡ
ս˵ĸǧô˵˼ףֻǶȻѧҽʱ䲻ȴҲ˵ҩֶҩʳ˵
ĸѾʹ̫ҽ֪̫ҽô˵ģôСҩ
ССΪ̫Сδܹ
Իûȡʽ֡
۸ȡ˸С˵Ǽ
սҲǽμϴ֪ġ
Żʺô˵üͷ
̫ҽȷ˵Ҳ˷ӣֻ̫ģԲʣûиõķӡ
ҪǱסӵ
Żʺһ˵̫ҽҩ˵อ㣬ҩ
ԭսһȻӣҲ˵Ҫҩֻ˾䣬֪̫ҽаգ
Żʺҡҡͷ̫ҽʮա
սο̫ҽˣʮգҲҪ˵߰˷֡ãʦƽƼȻܹӴɩƽ¹յĶѾȥˣʦµƽƣӦò
νҵרóƵ̫ҽӦܹòǡ˵Ѳк󸣣϶ġ
Żʺô˵ǾЩ
ֻ뵽˵λûɣЩġ
̫ҽѾ˵ʮգܵöѰ·
ǰһֱûͰˣȻҪΪ뷨ӡ
Żʺ˵˵Ҳеʦϣܹ빬湷Ǿ͸ˡ
ս¶ΪѵģĸȻô˵ˣȻ岻ݴǡֻʦѾЩûˣҲ֪ʲôʱܹǼһ湷
Żʺε̾˿ĸ֪Ϊˡ
սȷʵΪѣ
ֱӾͷˣĸ󲻹һƬģΪѣֻǵʦһֱ֣ﲻæ
Żʺô˵οˣžǣʦҲްġ
ĸҲֻ湷Ѱ·ʦæ̫ҽҲܰѹá
ս˵һЩеĻڹŻʺţų˹
ʵҲ֪ͦӵܻܲ
ôʷ˻ʵ۵ˣӦòôɣ
ǵǰҽʱͷͼ˲ٵķӡ
˵ŴĴǶøġ
Ŵʹز۵ӤҲ
ǲ֪Щز۵Ӥ̫ҽҽУڹ͢ˡ
һ㶼ۏˮ
ԣϣܹɡ
ȻҪˣ۵ֱӿˡ
սʵڲۏˮԻصٴΡչءˡ

߹أ̻֪̫¡
ս͵ŵˡ
ŷ⣬ܿͿͷĻ
˺ɫ˲ˣ۾ҲɵԽԽ
һԵ⵶͵͵ţݺ漫ˣ޲͵͵ȥһۡ
ҡ
̴ʱȴ˷ܲѣ޲ȥȦ
սȻĻ
϶ڰʾ
ߣ뿪ôã϶̫ͨ˰ɣ
֮ǰ˵ʲôֻޣھͱˡ
ԽԽ⡣
һֱ̣ѹѹȥ
⵶ˣ̲סʵôôˣѵ˵ʲô£
ߡƳһۣȻֵҫҪˡ
⵶⻰òġ
ʲô
Ȼ˵
⡭Ҳ̫󵨱˰ɣ
ѵүϲģ
ȴٴ̵ؿ̯Ļ
ֻһŮӺ£ﻹһСޡ
-

564 

С۾ģϵ·ﻹһն
϶ûˣ
ԽԽ˷ܣ޲û̱ɻġ
˺һؽС
Ȼ˷ܵŵܳȥˡ
ŵפڳĵֱŵȥ˸ˡ
̷йʢľ˳ǡ
Ȼ˼ȥԽԽòܾôȥ
óīʼдӣ˼һʣˣ߹ذɡ

ϴĵڶ죬һֱ˯̫˹
̫ҽ˵ΣѾȥϸ
ڴϣΪʹúܣڻû
죬ڼֻҩúܣθҲģֵ̧ûС
Ȳѯʺӡ
֪˸Ӻ󣬵ϲʤ
ȻԱøèһĶӺ󣬽ľͳȥ
ôСĺӣ
УƴĶӣԲ£
뷨𽾹Ȼܿʼࡣ
˺ܾãֻܺȵ嵭İ࣬ĸԲˡ
ǿ¶ӺͻȻ֪ط֣źŮȻǱ̺ۣ
ǰŻʺźĴŮߣ
ʱúܲʹ죬ʵ߹ô̺أ
߹һ񣬲˵̫£̺۷˴Ѿ˷ﵣĵû׵ź򣬱ū澹źš
⻰ϵЦݾ͵ˣ͵͵ս˫֣֪̺۷ʲô
ȴûϸ˵ֻ˵µӻûã˵
Ҳá򴽣ٶʱ̺۵£ʵӣ̫ҽô˵ģҪã
Լǵãʱ˺Ӻûˣġ
ʱ۾ûгʧȥʶ
ƺ̫ҽ˵ѪҪ͵ҩ
ֻһԺͲˡ
Ҳ֪ǲġ
ӦǼٵİɣ
ôң
ҪԺ󶼲Դ
ȻɹС̫⺢Ҳ̫ˣ
֪ܻܲꡣ
ҪͻȻûˣֲǰװױ˱ˣ
Уúúò飡
뵽͵͵ӡ
ôҲԸţԼԺȻˡ
ֿܣǰһڣŵ
ߵ˵˵ЩݣҪЩʱա²ģºѾˣ̫ҽᾡΪµӡ
ͺáܲȴһɵģ
ʵˣСأ̫ҽô˵ģ
߱˵С̫ҽ˵СҩšֻҪúãԺĺӲ𡣡
˿˵Ҫ̫ҽ
΢΢üͷǽ̫ҽ˽
ϸѯ̫ҽЩûԺܲ´ȥۺŻʺ֪ˡ
ڻǺȷµǲģ᲻ˡ
֪ҪϢۺŻʺ̫ĵλҪۿˣ
Щ̫ҽĵӶСúܣģҲ˵ȥ
ʹ̫ҽ󣬽΢΢Щġ
ֻûã˽ܡ
һۺ󣬲ûжʡ
߲Ǳ̺ۣŻʺˣҪˣŻʺ϶֪
ֻȵȵȣʡ
ϧûü絽׳ʲô£Ӿʹ
Ҫ֪Ȼ֪˭ʣ

ڽĵ죬ԵĽҲˡ
״Ԫ򺲡
֪ϢýƽֱӴһ
յӵʱѾ
ű߹ӣþѻ˶һ٣
ûϢĻ˶ȥ˱߹ضãˣ
ֱڶ
뵱򵽲ԭϣü¼ӣҲûôûϢ
ȻϰŹȥȥε
þѳ̵Ӹ˺ˡ
Ҫ˺ʱַˡ
Ȼ˸⣬ͷ˸ġںհ״дһ֣
д֮Ȼòֽдһƪ̵Ļһ١
ī֭͸˸ȥ
յźŵܳȥˡ
˲뿴˳ͨҪ١
ֱ֪Ӵ˳ȥɱ˸Ƭײ
˳ְΧĺկȫˣͷȫկſڡ
ŵЩľһˡ
-

565 ҳ

̿ˣǾúܲġŵܳȥŵñ߹ͷ˶͵͵ˡ
˵Ҳܲù
ҵͬܲù
̫ʱ˵ֵӡ
źȫһ飬ŻʺŹնţϢ
ֻڴš
Żʺ۶ϣٳ˲ӣԽܳ״Ԫ£һֱ
ĸˣ׽˶ûУܴ̽ʲôϢ
֮ǰˣ϶ûʲô³
Щǰ֮ڽǰˡ
Ҫ֪ڵӻûأСҲǲģвͿûˡ
ҲСź
ǽСþȻܲã̫ҽҩ󣬵պת
ȻҲû̫ˡ
ܹѾǸϢˡ
𽱻ڹӣû̽Ϣĸ͸ϹƵġ
ڹͷҵͬˮȡ
ڵϳϢǴ˳
عµĲǱˣǽѡ
ʵ̫ˣȻʱ򣬽žƾ͵ذ˵˳
˵ûɫģ͸ۼƵġ
Ϊ¼ڵĽʿٰᣬۻϯڳĻԱ
ԭǷڹʱڳĳۺˣǲμӵԵЩʿ
ʿǴȫأҵｭܣ
֪£ҲԹԱսͣ˵ȥ
Խ£֪һֱûã̫С֪˾͸ӲҺ˵˵ˡ
뵽ѾȻžƾ͵ذ˵˳
һ˵ǰѽǿȥ߲ȫҶøų
Ͼڵ£˵δţ
ֱ̫˼ˣ
ܳôĳ󣬾Ȼͷ߶ƤҲ߯ˣ
󣬽ܵºܿھͷ˿
ýŶҳˡ
ҲŶ׷׶ڼﲻҳ
±ָָ㡣
񽭼ҳĴΨһָܹģֻ̫𽣬Сˡ
ȴ֪˵ѱ
ԴѹһֱŪԺܻܲС
ƻϲϱ仯߶ţʲôСС
¸ǵţ֪
תۣʱ͵Сﹷµӡ
󣬾Ȼ˳¡
ʱ߸¡
һ£ҲŰ˸°ˡ
һ£ӻЩСµĺô
Ҳܱ硣
Ȼһ˵ôûˡ
ǰѶӵΨһľݣѹøƵġ
ÿ쿴Ͳġ
ĵعһ£ƽǽ𽻹̫ӣﶼͦˡ
ۺŻʺҲ˿
죬Ҫ
ǵ壬ۺŻʺ󶼲̫¡ء
ǹܹһ꣬ýЩʱٰ¡ص硣
죬սΪɵýμӡ
սһɰ˹
˶ͼ˾װ̫𽡣
̫ӲӨӨȻгһЩسŮҲڡ
սЩǣʱ򣬽ȻЦŴȻӨӨ˵Ա߻һЩŮ죬ǹƵΧǡ
ɫȻʼչЦҲܲӡ
Ҳǣӵܲô
սһ۾Ϳ˳ĺɫȫǿĻױǴİ˵òᣬһҲûãֻܿױۺ֬װɫ˵ҪЦ̵ųŮҲǹ׵ġ
սô֣Ҳ뱻ɣԼ֮ԶԶһߡ
ȫûҪȥ͵˼
𽿴Цкÿ˵ء
ӨӨʹȻҲս
ս﷭˸ۣȻط˷ͷˣͷЩΣȾ˷纮Ͳȥˡ
̫ǿǽٶĻҲûȥˡ
սҪȾ˷纮ٴȾô죿
ҪСµģһȾСô죿
ϣ
϶ǹģ
Ⱦ˷纮Ȼܳ봫ȾС
ô˲Сģк޼ȴһɹУȥ̫ҽ
ҪսĲˣڹװ
̫ҽܿˡ
սȴ˿š
-

566 е

װѣС˼
սȻ̫ҽ
̫ҽ󣬺ܿóսȷʵȾ˷纮
ҩ
ȫ̿ﶼˡ
ոջţս˵˵ѣԲ̫ҽҪŮˡ
˭֪ȻĲˣ
ǵģȻˣﻹҪ
Ҫ˵ǹ˭ţ
ԽԽ
Ů쿴͹˵̫£˵ҵһޣ͸˵£Ƕ޼Աĸƽ֪ɷóհհմ㸣
ѾǶ԰¹ĸӣҲġ
С̫󣬼͵԰¹ĸӣ⣿
ԴǶ԰¹ĸӽСµҲԽԽã϶Ƕ԰¹Եʡ
ֻҪһֱţ˵СҲܱøһ
֮ޣԸñմ˸
˶ˣǲӦԵСˡ
ǿһ۰ˣͲţĸܱ˸մˡ
ǸˣҲҸ
вȴȵ˵Ȼˣһȥɡ޵иǴҶմȥ
˵Ц·˵Ц
Ȼ⻰һŮﶼ¶ȵĹƺ޼Ϊ
սһĪޣʲô
ͻȻȤ
ԽŮǹȥʱҲ˹ȥ
ˣͷΪ
ϧΪ̫ôȴݣͷҲ΢Ц˿¶
ǴŮȥޣô˿ء
¶˿Ҫ˾̫Сһ۶
սŽϵЦҲЦˡ
ͻȻã̫Ҳǹ׵ġ
ﶼMMPˣϻЦġ
Ϊһ򲻺ã˦ɫƱҲȻ
԰˿ɱȻˡ
Ϊ˵̫춼ĸƵ裬Ҳ۵ûš
á
ãŮǶԶ֮Σ
ƨ£
ֻҪʵЩ˾Ҳϸ
ս̹󣬾Ͳٿˡ
Ϊʵɫ˲ױۺ֬˻Щ۾
翴·ߵĻݲݡ
սյ·ĻݣŽ԰
¹ĸӾ԰
һʼֻΧţǿԳԵϵݣйͶιĹϹ߲ˡ
ָ˸µСӣ԰¹ĸӾס
ܵ˵Ǻܲġ
վͷЦ˵ɣ˶࣬Ҫ̫Ҫǡ
ʵǲЩմ˰¹ĸӵĸ
ЩСµģ
һʱ䣬ŮǷ׷ߵʱ߶ϣ˷ܣǺ棬ȵؿͷİ¹ĸӡ
ǵʱ򣬰¹ĸյسŲݡ
˶࣬С¹ضĸ󣬡ϡؽš
սشţþǰ׻
׻ڹŴȷʵΪ𣬺ܹ׷
ֻһ˿ɲҾΪУÿηֺ󣬶׸ʵۡ
԰¹ĸӣ͵ʱպøڽӵʱ
ܲڰ԰¹ĸӸȥ
ͷϲϲ𣬾ֻԼ֪ˡ
սȨ䶯԰ˡ
ŮǶ˷ܵ۰¹ĸӣС¹ʮֿɰ
Ǿ̫£֪ƽնЩʲôɷιһЩʳ
⻰͸ˡ
һۣһʼҪ¹ģĲ͸Щ˾Сµĸ
΢Ц˵ޣȴҲƢƽιʳǵĹŮֻб̫ӵιʳſϳԡǱҪιǿҪƢġ
ǳЩʧԭ
𽲻ɫɨһֲۣ˶ʧʱ
һãȡһӣ׼Ͷι
Ѿпˣɢ۵Ĺζ
Цؿͷİ¹ĸӣԹӡ
ĸ¹ƳһۣƵ˹
С¹ȴȽϻãҳҲƯ
۾ģëҲģƯˡ
ؿһۣıܹ
𽿴ϵЦݱԽԽá
˭֪С¹ȻҲֱӱܵսǰ۰Ͱ͵ϡлͣ
ţ¹ĸҲŵ˹ȥվС¹ߣ۰Ͱ͵ս
սĬĬԱŲŲ¹ĸҲתͷ۰Ͱ͵
ս
𽣺
Ůǣ
еˡ
-

567 ϴ

ʹЦݶסˡ
ݺҧҧս˹ȥ
սҪָ˵ûԵģȥҪ
Ȼ¹ĸֻ۰Ͱ͵սС¹ǳϽл
սιǣûԵġ
ô˶ڿţܲܵǵƾձˮֻһ͡
˭֪¹˿ȻеøˣʮּУ·ʼĸŮƵġ
𽶼߲ˡ
̫ˡ
̫԰¹ֺͰˣȻȥֺսⲻǴ
սڸʲô
֮ǰģһ߹¹ĸӾͼҪͶιĶƽ︺ͶιǵĹŮ
ȻոҲô˵
˭֪Ȼˣ
԰¹ĸӾȻȥΧսתڳôĳ
޵òУ͹סӣʵףʲôζ
⻰һ˶ؿ
ʲôζ
ʲôζ
Ů͵͵ſζͬʱֵԼϵζýżˡ
ڳŮȫݲϴ·Ѭģйɵζ
õ㲻һϵζҲͻͬ
ڳŮ첻٣ζҲࡣ
ŮǼȺֽţԼϵζײ˽̫
Ψս֪϶ǳġ
Ŷͷ˵ͷЩΣ÷磬Ȼȥˡ
˵תߣûҪµ˼
ųӣӻûأɲ뱻ˡ
һ԰¹ĸôҲûʲôرġ
ĸ¹ֲǣ¹ÿ㡣
սţߵøˡ
𽿴һ˿⣬ﲻмһʶ࣡
Ůǿս뿪Ҳ˼졣
˭֪սһߣС¹ĽȻԽԽŶ
˲֮С
̫ˡ
СǴĺӣ
С¹гС
ŮǵɫһӱˣԼͬس𽿴ȥ
ɫҲǳѿ
ֻϰС¹޲ð˺ˡ
С¹ޣѵһ϶ǲܶģ
Ҫ£Сô죿
ôһ룬͸ˡ
˶Լ򶨵˵ǶˣȻԱ˾ûˡ
˵̴Ů߹ȥ
Ůһ̣ͷĹӶʡ
Сľһӣ͵С¹ߡ
ɢŨζƽʱС¹϶ˡ
˭֪һȻϳԣֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿս뿪ķߣеøҡ
ɫһӱѿˡ
ֻС

ող˵ǶˣصظͳԵСȻҲԣ
ŰлС¹޲˰
ŮѾƳԾûǰգԲδ۵Ķ⡣
ĸ¹ˡ
˽һۣͻȻ˹ȥ
״ϲСȻϧЩ֪ô
ĸ¹ԽԽȻһҧס˹ӣ͵ˣ
ץŹӣѹû뵽ͻȻˣ
ķӦһģûܼʱɿӣӻĸ¹һϺ˾ײդͷ
դľͷģа˶ߣֹ¹ĸܡ
ݺײդϣʹˡ
˭֪ĸ¹ȻƻúܣѸɿҧŵľȻԴݺײڽؿϡ
˲䱻ײˤԱߵŮʶȥȴҲŵ˵ϡ
֪ôģȥʱͻȻŤ˽ţƨֱ˽Ķϡ
ʹòҽһ亹ܿͳˡ
Ů쿴һĻҲˣ׷׾ŵؽ
ʱսѾ߳ʮԶĲҽһ£Ͻתؿһۡ
ѾŮΧ
ɾսҲûˡ
ôǱԳ£ҪˣǾ˵ȥˡ
սֻ߹ȥʲôˣ
һŮˣæ˵̫ˣĸ¹ոչ̫
ս;ˣĸ¹Ȼ˽𽣿
ʲôˣ
ϿǴ˹ʦƽƣմȾ
˵ĸ¹Ӧòṥ
ʲôĸ¹ΣգԱܵѡ˹
Ͼū澣Ǹ߸ϵ̫
ĸ¹˽̫¿ɾ˼ˡ
֮ǰ𽻹һֱ˵԰¹ĸޣܹ
Ҳ֪ⳡϷôճ
սĥһܿ쾯
ɲŽĽڲ٣Ů˿϶˦
ôһ룬ս˹ȥ뿴˵ô
-

568 ս

ս߽ŮԶΪó·
һֽۣ𽾹ȻѾ˹ȥ
ʹ
лɢһȳζǴӽġ
սһζ֪ʲôˣ¾㽭ϲ˺ķۺ֬ʵɫҲܿȷʵܲˡ
ܿ칬ǽ̧ͻ˽
սֱӸ뿪ģС¹ʵǽе̫ˣҪǼôȥɤӶýˡ
û취ֻȡʵˮڲݵϡ
ûˮֻС¹Դ˵ˣ˾͸Ͻ԰ɡ
С¹ǿͰ͵ؿ
ս˵ҪٽУԺͲˡ
С¹
Ȼˡ
ԹԵͷʼˮ
˿һĻȵӶԲˡ
ո̫Ͷιʱ򣬿Ǳĸ¹ˣ
͵ֱðˮӲݵϣ԰¹ĸӾȻӵسˣ
ǲе󰡣
ҿ̫ѾȥˣȻҪǿһĻǵñιȥ
սС¹ڣҲ뿪ˡ
뿪ʱصؽɰԭǶ԰¹ĸӡ
صʱ̫ҽѾˣڸҽΡ
֪Ϣ̫ӺŻʺҲ˹
˱ţɫ̫ÿ
͵͵սȥˡ
̫ô£̫ӵºͻʺѾŭˣƫƫǶ԰¹ĸڼս֮ͻȻı仯
ҪǲսҲѴ̣
̫ҽ˽ҽŮ⿪·鿴ϵơ
óαײòᣬˡ
һֿҩ
𽲢ûл̫ã̫ҽĵʱ˹ģȴһֱûʹ̫Ӹˡ
̫ӺŻʺ˵˽ƣɫʮѿ
һѹŭһȴüͷȻ鲢һ
ڽźĹŮȫڵϣȺ̫ӺŻʺ䡣
Ҳţȥ¹ĸӵʱСڳ
ǽߵĴŮ£ȻѴ̣Ҳš
ŮϣһЩš
Ψսڡ
̫Ӻܿʵ˵ɣô£̫Ϊλˣ
ߺܿ˵̫ӵ£ūѾʹˣ̫ιʳĸ¹ʱͻȻĸ¹ĹԲŻˡ
̫⻰ɫĸ¹ͻȻͻȻ̫
Ȼɴ˵»ūΪӦ˼ĸ¹
̫׼ˣܿǰȥ鿴ĸ¹
޵ؿսķԥһ£ʲôҲû˵
ʵѾ֪¹԰£֪ŮǹȥǶ԰¹ĸֱߵսǰ
С¹һֱѣ̫̫Ͷιˮ
˭֪ĸ¹ȻͻȻ̫
˵ĸ¹̫ʱսѾһ뿪ЩԶ
Ƕ԰¹ĸǰһֱúõģ糿ʱ̫ȥʱǶĸ¹ûκ쳣
ǳ쳣սȥ֮
ѵ¸йأ
Ϊʲôأ
Ƕʲô
Ǵɺϡ
̫Ӳһɺϡ
ҲԸţս԰¹ĸֽţǹ̫
սܵԭ䷢ޡ
ֽţͶҪ׾ˡ
뵽̫Ӳսȭͷѡ
ֿһۣ
ʱ߲ڳǰŻʺźģ̫ܵøĸӡ
ŻʺʱҲڿա
̫ӸԸսģɽͻȻĸ¹ʵΡ
˺һ󣬼¹ĸӵ˻ˡ
ЩȥʱǶ԰¹ĸѾˮյͷ
˿ող׺ݵعˡ
ϸ֮󣬰¹ĸҲûвҩĺۼ
Ǳˡ
֪¹ĸ϶û쳣Żʺʱ˿
սøǶ԰¹ҩʹǶֽţ̫Ӻ֮ìܡ
ûвҩĺۼҲζû˸
ֻǣĸ¹ΪλͻȻ̫»Ρ
̫Ҳ˿
ֻ뵽˵̫־þġ
ңµ׸սûйϵ
Ƕ԰¹ĸӵȷڼս֮ų쳣ͻȻ̫
ҪβԺٳ⣬ָǺã
̫ٴξ
Ϊ£ûô֡
Ů±ǣȥʽ֮ʹҴҳ˹
Żʺٴս˵
Ŀ⸴ӵؿսֱʵɿǶ԰¹ʲô⣿
սɵЦЦζ˵ͦԵġ
-

569 ҦVSս

Żʺսܾոǻƺ⣬ȴò׼˼
ЦʵҲǺĸȥǣҲǿͦԵġ
ս˵ͷֽ˵ǰԣ⼯ޣȻҪͨĶЩ
˵ΪĸգˣҲˡǼĸèĸΪԼҲҸƴοĸ¹أ
Żʺˣ۾˼ǡ
սֱԵĸ󣬶һǸֱӣһЩֱ˵ˡսǵһμʮޡ
ֻǶ˷纮Щʣ°Ѳ˴ɩԶЩ
ʵ˵ɩǶжޣ棬ŸŹȥƣֻû뵽С¹ʵڻá
ǶӴҩմȾ˲ľϢС¹˶˹˺ü
ĸ¹ĽǻУҲˡֻǶʱ֣ҲûԵĸǡ
ɩ˵ǶˣιʳС¹֪ΪܲϹȥߣĸ¹Ҳߡ
ʱ̫˵ԶЩ˭֪˿֮С¹Ľͱˡ
Ϊǳ˹ҲްˣͺߵøԶЩûٹȥ
˭֪ͻȻ˴ɩĲҽϹȥ֪֮ɩӾȻǱĸ¹ˡ
Ҷæչ˴ɩС¹ֽеÿŮ֮ǰ׼ιʳˮҲ˵ϣ׼һ̣˲ݵϡ
С¹ǲϳԣͷſϹԹԳˮĸ¹һֱԱߣҲδ
ԶҲ˵׼ʱΪλͻȻɩɩµʱЩԶδۿ
ֻǵʱôˣ˴ɩƺֻжǶ԰¹ñȽϽϸȷɡ
Ҷ췢ģɩĸ¹һ޹ϵ˶ƣԸס
Ļû˵꣬Żʺ㼱Ŵ⺢Ӻ˵ʲôأĸδ㡣˵ˣҪ̶֪ˡ
ս˵ĸ󣬴ȷʵͶ޹ءɩ˵òᣬµúú飬ϢУĸʦµǺԵʣ
Żʺ󰵰̾Ϣһ˵ĸ㸸ʺúãȻӲʣȻȥɡ
սҡҡͷĸ󣬶ʦ̫Σܵòźá˱˺ڹҲ̫Ӵ纮ġ
Żʺԣֻȥ֪ͨۡ
۱ɴ˰Ҧ˹
ŻʺõϢֱӴսȥ˶
ǵʱۺҦѾˡ
̫Ҳڣսһֺۣܿ촹ٶ࿴
ȻսúƯΪ󲮸磬ñӡ
ֻ¡
ȻԸ⻳սսȷʵɡֻò׼µ׸սûйϵ
ղߺȥ˽𽣬ô¡
һʼԸ˵׷£˵ʱŵһֵζǴսϴġ
ӦøսûϵСڰơ
ϧЩŮ춼Ѿ뿪ܲðһһ顣
οôԱŮ죬û֤ݾץ˼飬ʵ˵ȥ
˵˽𽣬սΨһǶ԰¹ˡ
ɺܴ
֮⣬̫ӲӨӨҲɡ
ѾʹˣӨӨʱúԶҲδӴǶ԰¹ܲġ
ԣսɡ

ҪĻ֪֪£Ƕָʹģţ
̫ЩܵȭͷҦ˹ȥ
ȴЩȵط֣ҦֱؿսƺΪ𾪡
ô£
Ƿʲô
ҦķӦ̫ˣס˵۾
̫ӷˣۺŻʺҲˡ
˱ܵЩˡ
Ҧһֱսʲô
ս϶ϱ
ҦǹʦҲǣôֱض϶ϱأ
˭Ҳ֪Ҧʱжྪ
һƼսͷŨ͹½⣬ǽģֱ
۲ѣɵ
սҲڴҦ
ϵϢ˼
ЦеʵʦһֱңǾʲôף
̫Ӻ۷һ⻰һĶʱ
˲ԼͬҦȥ֪ô˵
ȴ֪ҦһսĻ;ͷ
æϲκβס
̫⻰˿
۾ɵؿҦܾϺıֺܹŹ֡
ǡս
-

570 ϷС¹

²۵鸴Ӽˡ
ҦսŪ⵽ô¡
ʱսͻȻüͷһյ˵֪ʦǶޣ
ҦüĿЦЦƶȷҲˣ
ս˵ͷȻһ˵֪ΪʲôһȥС¹ҽлˣҲһֱУǲһʦɷæƣǶ԰¹Ƿкβ֮
ôһ˵̫Ҳ˵ʦƲæǶ԰¹
ҦȻڴӦ
һֱȥ¹԰
˭֪û԰վճԲݵС¹˷ܵسս˹еû켫ˡ
ս
ۣ
Żʺ󣺡
Ҧ
̫ӣ
ҦĿ⸴ӵؿսһۣ۲ˡ
ҲȤͦϲ㡣
սЦǫ˵ϵĲľϢȽŨɡ
ǲ֪ʲôľϢƵóС¹ǳϲս
Ҳ֪ǺԵʡ
ѵΪƯ
˵ϴϱǲÿ
ѵΪűĸ¹ˣ
ϴϱҲǵģճӣûãúţȻĸ¹
˵ĸ¹ˡ
϶ϱ㱳˺ڹ
ۿɲսڰʹΪ˺ϴϱ
ϴϱ£ܵõʲôô
㽭ˣϴʱȢ̫
ҽڵ岡ģŻ˶ϴô
սֲǸɵӣָʹĸ¹ȥ
ҪôҲ뷨ϴԼɲŶԡ
ĿܻŪ
ҪǲŪϴҪ˼ˡ
ԣǳڰŪҪ
ֱҦʦΪΣ
ҦЦúͰˣع¹飬ȻԸ׽
⻰һŻʺ
սǷζĻս˵԰¹ԡ
ڹʦҲ˵¹顣
˵Ϊսع㣬԰¹ϲ׽
ǽϱĸ¹ΪΣѵΪĸ¹вԼӣ
뵽ܣŻʺüͷԽЩϲ
սǫʦˡ
ƶδԡҦӵؿսǲţȥ԰ЩޣȻԸ׽
ս͵͵һۣ뺦ǲǣ
⻰̲סսһۡ
ҦӦò˵ѣģ
뵽԰Ƕ԰׿ȸ۲Ķѡ
飺ȻˣǾȥ԰ơ
ս벻ȥҲͦ԰Щ
תһ룬۶ô˵ˣܲܲȥ
ֻôӦ
һ׼ȥ԰
ȻǸתС¹Ͱлˡ
Ҫ̳һ
սＫˣػֻС¹ǸϷڹң
С¹Ľʵ̫ˣܼܲװ
ս͵͵˿ȥ
۵ȻҲС¹ĽǶս˹
ҦͻȻ˵
ԣͷȥ԰ɡ
սֻ˹ȥ
ȻС¹һƼȥˣҽˣֻǿͰ͵ؽš
·ԼǸС
ս߹ȥԴһòã˾ͳԶٽˡ
С¹ǿͰ͵
սָлĨһѣѾǸСӺˣöˣ֪𣿡
۵ˣ
ս˵Ҫߣ˭ֻ֪ϷС¹Ȼҧסӣ뿪
սЩˬˡ
ʲô
Ѿӵùˣ
ٿ
ս͵͵ųѹɿڣ
ĸ¹ԾϽ˹С¹һ
С¹ŲԸɿݣ۰Ͱ͵ս
սűҧʪӣƵǹԹԵģˡ
˵תߡ
С¹лֱӱĸ¹ѵˣֻ۰Ͱ͵ؿս뿪
˾ȵؿһĻսܻͦӭġ
̫Ҳġ
ͦϲ԰¹ĸӵģûٸͶιʱûôģ
ѵع㣿
̫̲סԼ
òÿ
սװûвĴһ·ĿתۺŻʺȥ԰
԰ǧٹֵĶҪЩë׵Ư
԰ͦƯĿȸҲݵϻʨӡ
һԷǳƯİ׿ȸ
԰׿ȸ۵ġ
Ҳ֪ǸպûдƵİ׿ȸΪûÿˡ
-

571 Ҧڿ

սؿЩ
ЩҲںؿ
ƺϲǶ԰׿ȸֱӴǵ˿ȸ԰
԰ֻ׿ȸյȥ
Ա߻мֻ̿ȸȸԴš
ͻȻǲʲôȻˢˢתͷֱسս˹ȥ
սҸʲô
վǰ棬ſȸˢˢؿ˹ͻȻ̵ģԵļ
װ
ʵ̫ˡ
ЩȸһúܣǶ԰׿ȸٻῪ
пյʱϲЩȸǲ
ʮιһοͲˣ
컹ǵһΣһǾˢˢģ
Ǹ˷ܣȴһࡣ
ſڣ˵ʲô
˭֪ЩȸͻȻͳ˹ŵùǻæšݡ׷׵ǰ
һѽǰʲôǼֻȸѣ
£Ӷֻܰôˣ
ưŵģǶ
ʱȸͻȻ˶ƨɺͷβ𣬷׷ſȸ
еĿȸһһĻʵƯ㲻ѡ
Żʺ̫Ҳ𾪵ˡ
˵ɴ˫ۣþ޷
ΨйʦҦɫĺӣЦһĪ⣺Ȼع֮ˡ
սþˡ
ݺݵҦһۣ϶ûģ
Щȸʲôϵ
ΪҲֱ˵
ⲻǸ
϶ţסˣ
ս͵͵Żʺ˶㣬Щȸֱӹˡ
˶࣬ȸȻǳˣûĿ
ս͵͵˿ҦŹʦŲߣǼưٳǵš
һ档֪ʦôģȻܹôȸһǵˡ
ҦźӵͻȻһ£ѺӸ
ȵؿսԲӣƶûô档
սЦеģʦ̫ǫˡ
Ҧ
̫̲סۿȥ
ֻԹԵſȸ·ʲôû
ٿЩȸǣſȸؽŶ˾Щġ
̫Щֻ鸴Ӽˣû˼ٴȥ
ҲЩȥˣȸҲˣɴ˵ȥ԰ӿɡ
һȥˡ
սܵĶЩﶼ볯˹
۱ȥˣЩܳսˡ
ֻô뿪԰
սһֱĵģ˿
ҦЦеذСԽϺˡ
սɴŻʺ˶㡣
Ҧ״Ҳ˵ʲô
Ҳû̫¡
˭֪սӹһٵʱҦͻȻЦеóһƽƣݸսϷƽƣʦүǰ¡
սܵҪܾ
϶̫ƻˣȻ
ҪˣǷ϶飿
˵̫ˣҲգǸ̫Ӱɡ
Ҧ
̫ӣ
̫ȻͦҪģΪһϱĶ
ȵؾܾˣȻǹʦģ°ɡ
սȴ˵ĸ˵ζ˹ʦƽƣɩ͹ĸƽ
ƽѣʦҲࡣѧЩҲ㿵ƽƾ̫˷ˣһƽ󡣡
ô˵ˣ̫ӱҲ˵ܾĻˡ
һ£ŻЩ
׵ģÿοŶþĵúܡ
ĵճӣò׻ųȻϣܹƽ
Ҧһۡ
Ҧ͵͵ȻЦе˵Ȼˣƽƾ͸С°ɡ
̫ӵЩ˼⡭
ϲӣֱ˵ȻǸģ湷°ɡ
̫ŽƽȻмؿսһۡ
սʹδӡ
̫ӵĹϵǽЩá
ҦƽƣҲµĳ
ƽƱͲࡣ
ⶫɲףҪ£սҲͳһ
ȴ룬սǻúܣѹա
ҲգӻԺлᡣ
ս˵Ӳʣδڹ
ۼɫЩ԰ף˵˷纮Ȼȥˡ
սص󣬾Ϳʼ
ȻѾȾ˷纮ܵáϼ졣
룬ȴֹ
-

572 ս񶾣

ҵŮҪս
ڹʱһֱţûҷ
һصĸ֣Ͼ̲סˡ
ߵؿϷˣҧгݵʵȻĶֶݺ̫
ϷˣһҪΪ̫ʵ̫ˣھ͸Ŀŵغˣǲ̫СΣˣ
Ϸض͸һ˵ʲô̫ʲôݣõΪˣﻹлʺأ
֣ȴϰݣʵʺﶨҪƫģֻҵԴӻСº󣬾ûһӣ
Ϸˣ֪ģСº󣬶˶ٴ̥ˣòƽ߸£ۿٵȵȾˡ
ɽأȻʹҹŰС¸ۿƽ£ͳô飡
ڲܣҪ˶ãҪǶ񶾵ϸĥˣϷˣһҪȾҸˣ
˵꣬Ĺ˵ϡ
Ϸ˿ɫ˲쳣ѿǻŸʲôѷ˷
˵ֲص֣ϣɸֵ˵ҲǣʲôͿ˵Һúõţٸҹϣȥù
֣ŵһ£Թվϡ
úϷ̻˻֣˶˳ȥֻ֣Ϻͽ𰡣
Ҳ˳ȥ
СҲϷҲʲô
һŮ˵˳ȥǸл
˶˺ϷƤʽ𰣺Ǹģ˵˵£𣿡
ĺݺһСػŻһĺȷó顣ڲ¥˵ñӰл㡭
һ˵л㡱֣ͱ֣ϵӡ
֣̼㻹л㣡㿴Щ飡ǰˣ
Խ˵Խ˵󣬻öȴֽ˵ܵÿ죬ۿŴ˻Ȼֱˣ
Ϸúܺһӣ֣ϣ㵽˵ʲôܶѾȥˣ㻹˵ʲô
ڵϳôĳѵͲʹ
ʹʲôã
飬ֻȥ˭Ҳᣬ͵û
֣ϵãھȻ˵˳
Ҫýˣͱӣ
ܺòײŴǼ˳ĸ׵ģͲܶΪ
Ϸߵؼģҳ̫֣˭˵ˣ
ллҵˣûм޵Ǽң飬лȥֵ̣ܽõ㣿
лܵù죬ܵ˺ܲ
飬лǷǽҵľǷˣ
ܵҲϣѾЩʲôã
ԹޣлЩôܡ
лܵù죬֣ûüֵ顣
ȻҪˣǸлҽڣ
Ϸ˾ص֣һۣѾŵˣͲᣬǿŽʵ˼ǣģ
С˵ĸĻãϵ󡣲ϺʹҲûɡ
С£ϽЩӣȴҲûϢ̫ӲǸ衣
ֻһλ̫Ӳǽ£⸧Сһ£Ҫ̫Ӳϡ
ãҲɡֻдţѧҽϵûҽ
ΪϵȻ󣬿пֵģϡϾʱֻǶ԰¹û֡
ҡ֣϶ԲҩϤӦҲֲᷢŶԣδָ
Ҳпֵġ㲻ҲѲ˸ϵ
Ϸ֣֮ϣأ
֣ϾͱȽƶˣ⻹𣿵Ȼ϶֣Ͳ̫ӣ̫ѾС̫ȴѾͷûС
С̫ﶼ£̫ӵ¿϶Ҫܴʵڶ񶾣ⰵΪľ̫λӣ
С̫һ££ﻹܻų󣿼ţҲҪøǽģ
οûˣ¶ȻҪ¸̫ӵָ飬Ȣµ̫ʱŮҪҲµӣС̫Ĵ͸Σˣ
֣Խ˵Խģ·ѾѾս̫Ȣµ̫ĥһ
Ϸ˶ң˵ʲôأ
-

573 Ӧúÿ

Ϸ˷ŭص֣ϣֱ޲ð
˵ս˵սﻹС̫
ǰͲС̫
Ϸ˵Ȼ֪֣ϲô룬֮ô˵Ϊ̫˵ӣ
֣ϱϾϱ˼úӣٲҲöŮˡ
Ҳˡ
̺ӣ豭ͷûˤ飬ͷĲˮȫ˳ѵ̺ʪˡ
һЩˮɽ֣ϺͽȹϣȾ˵ȹӡ
Ȼʱ˭Ҳ˲ȹˡ
ۿϷ˷˴֣ϾвҲֻʵʵعڵϡ
ĸ׵ĶˣŮﻹܼվţ
ϽҲˡ
Ϸ۵ؿŮܿ˵¸ûϵ
Ȼ
֣ϻţŮֻܸŹ
ҪˣǲТ
֣飺ĸĸףĸҲ̫ĽС̫Żһʱ嶯
ϷӣߣҿϺͿˣ
֣ϸϽϴĸףӣϱ֪ˡ
Ϸ˻ǺܲҲף𰻹ء
ܲܵŽ棬֣̫û
Ŵ󷢴ȱطŹ֣ϣֻߵȻ֪ˣ˵ɡһֱڵϣʲôӣ
֣ɴ⣬Ͻվ
ϾͣƽŵģӺٶ͸˲ˡ
ոչһ͵վ֣ϲðǣϥҲġ
һ룬±ͻȻһˤȥ
Ҳ֣ϵľŵļ󣬸Ͻȥ
˭֪֣ϱصö࣬һû֣֣ܰϸˡ
ɵǣ֣ˤȥʱ˸ղϷڵϵĲ豭
豭̺ϣʱûˤ飬Ϸ˵ʱˣҵʱ˴ʵѾƣֻǲ԰ˡ
֣ϵײڲ豭ϣЩ˲ը˿ƬȫǶ֣ϵϣʹһӲҽ
𰵹µʱѹ֣ϣϥǸպѹס֣ϵĺ
ֻꡱһ·ʲô۶ˡ
֣ʹֻ˵ϲҽвѣûвġ
ȴܵˡ
ϥѹ֣ϵĺϣղǡꡱһ죬ظо֣ϵĺƺȥ
ˡ
һ֣Ĳҽǻҵ
˲ϱģֱæҵش֣Ϸȥ
պÿ֣ϵѪͲ豭Ƭ
һĻ̫ˣŵýģһ᲻ֻɵ㶵ڵϣ
һз̫죬ϷλϣؿⳡⷢŵõĽʹˡ
Ϸʹ˵졭졭ˡ
Żع񣬻æˣ˰ĸĸ׳ˣȥ̫ҽ
ͷŸŽ
Ǹղ֣ϵĲҽֻΪϷڷԸҽ޲Լûźá
˭֪Ȼô£
ϷǺʲôзȻѪģ˵Ҳ̫ˣ
ô
𾪹󣬸Ͻȥ֣ϣҪ
˭֪һ֣ϾȻҽеøˣ
ҡҵ
⻰ٿ֣ϵӣһ˲˹ȵס
ֻʣ֣ˣ
˳ô£Щź˿϶Ѵ̡
˵ʱӰǴ˳ȥӳ£ǵĴ
еСģŵò޳
ǰԺĥŸζԸս
˭֪ͻȻҴҵ˵Ϸ˺ͷ˳ˣ
ŵɫ䣬ﻹ˵ȥԸս
Ͻɱȥ˺ԺȻͿڴϣҽеϷˣڰϣͬҽвֹ֣ϡ
ʱ֣Ѿ˰ᵽ˰ϡ
泯ϵš
Խؿϵ˿ڣ˿Ƭ
ŵɫһףֱ࣬ΧЩˣŭô£ĸĸô£Ƕôźģ
ģЩź˸ŵòᣬĸζŶ
ҲŵˣҰС۽ǹۣ磬ĸĸ׳ˣô찡
ܿɫ΢Щܿʵ˵ô£ĸô˳
Ȼ֪֣ϵҲˣɹҲ̫ˡ
һ˵棬˳Ժôȥˣ
ǹ̫ҲҪѿ
֣ŮӣòμӿƿԺҲûˡ
ԣ
Ҳ
κˣ
-

574 ų

ϸ
ųǰӣų˺ӣȴûмġ
λǰҺżҵĹϵ׽
𽱻ѡΪֶ̫ųֵüΪء
Ϊ£͹
ҲŰݷù
ֻϧԴ˻ݣͱл˭Ҳϼ
δųϵ˰̣Ҳ֪ʱ˵õжء
˽͵͵ųϵӦǺصġ
ôصˣȻȫκˡ
⻬þ͸˿ǵļƵģŮ˼˶Ҫʡ
Ҳ֪ʲôҩ
ܹõҩĸ׵Ӧκðɣ
뵽̾ȥһ˳
Ϊĸȥҩ
ܹųϹϵ˵ĳ£࿴
ôһ룬ܾʹסˡ
϶Խ˵ڼĸĸף̫ҽˣ̫ҽô˵ȥ˳ҩܹκĸϵˣ
Դ󾪣𣬳ƺǰڻָˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôҩҩĸϵ˿϶ܺ
ǲ֪ĸ׵˵ˡ
Ӧûʲô󰭰ɣ
𰲻ﰲοԼȴҰ¸߽ܡ
Сʵ磬ܴӦ𣿡
ĵ˵Ӧġ㲻ǽӣҲҪ̫ӵºС̫ӡ
ʱ˿
ʱ̫ҽûܲԸٵȥϳš
Ϊ˸ʱ䣬
Ҿ볤رԶԺܿ͵ˡ
ǰ첽ߵǰؿŻ
ܿ죬Ŵ򿪡
Ƴ˽һۣòǺ죬ʵ˭а𣿡
һ˽ӽܣмүҽȥ
һ⻰ɫͱʮѿǳȥܽȥΪ˭ʵţȻÿģ
ܵɫ˲ˣֳ̫
ɫһ䣬ڽΪܹȥʱ˭֪ͻȻ˵˵̫ĵֳ֤𣿡
ܱһüδϰ
һû̬Ⱦûʲô֤֤ݣ
ߣ
˵һҲʲô򣬿ʵڶˣ
ԥһ£͵͵óӣСֵܰæͨһ˵мү
˭֪ȴ˲䷭һѽƿ˵ȫ˵ϣ
Ȼݺ˿ĭޣģȻð̫ĵֳûаȻлߣ
ǳΪûżӾ¸ӣҲգԼ䲻䣡
ϽȻӲˣ
ɫ࣬ŤͷһͻȻ·ϾȻ˾ѾӵĻȫ˹
ŭɶȴֲԸЩǰֻĹĵ˦˦ӣתߡ
ûȥܵϵӡ
ӼˣȥѺһأϽȥ˹ܼҡ
ܼҵ֪ȥų
ųվӡ
ÿ춼ҪؾӣһգͲ̤ʵ
ܼҽȥʱ򣬼װԼʲôûֻͷ˵үո˵ͷ˸ˣԳ̫ĵֳܣмү
ܣųܿǸڵϵʺģ
˵ųס˱ӣôˣ˵Ҳ
ܼſڣ潭ܽͼ䣬ûҿڡ
룬ֲ׽ǸСҲ֪ܻܲʵûҪȰүǸܡ
ܳôĳ󣬿ɲ˺ү
Ӧһܿȥˡ
ǽܣصϰٴ˳
ÿţӺ̽Ӹǰϸƣ
Ѿ˹ܼҵķԸ֪ųܣﻹῴİ
ҲֱӽӸ˽ܣȥɣү㣡
⻰һܵı˲סˡ
ⲻܣط϶³𷣣ٴү˼ÿҪȥү
˭֪ӿȴ
ȻһѽƵڵأЦһү˵˲㣬ҪٺɱСĲ
˵굱ŽܵѴһأ˿ӡ
ɫڣȴҲҺֻŰߡ
룬ȥ̫ӡ
-

575 ҵĽ

ڳٴγ˱Ÿ÷ζըˡ
ȥ̫ӡ
Ȼ̫ӵ׾˾ˣ̫ӱϾǾϿڣͲųҲæ
ŭɶȲҪ̫ӡ
ǸɴŶȥ
̫ӣЩ졣˭֪ﵽ·һͻȻ˳
һܵս°˸ˡ
ǽˣϧҪ˸ˣҪѩϼ˪ˣ
ܼææսµĿ˲
ڴ֮յشԴϲ˹ȥ
ܸҪɿ˭֪ͻȻͳһѵݺͱϣ
ʹ˻һͻȻȥ
ϣȥֻܸſһڵϡ
ȥʱ򣬸պѹסȡ
ꡱһ༫ˡ
ܶûӦͻȻʹֻ¡
ͱӵһԼ˻ѵһӣæ˿ܿͲˡ
ܱµѹסһȣãֻؿˡ
ûãһ˹
ﻹšץ
˴ΪһǸ˼ҡ
һܹͿڵϵĽܣŵˡ
ܿ죬˹Ϊ׵褡
ţΪʵ̫ʹˣιȥ
һֱѹϣִø·˿˶Ҷǣ
褵ʱ򣬽ܻǱرѹڵϡ
褷ɱ£崺ݣ緢һĶʱܵ
Ȼ褿ѹסĽܣҲЩȡ
̫ܿĵֳ֮ǰھеá
ÿμˣܶһ棬Ŀ޳ľģ
˭֪˾Ȼôһ죡
Ѳǰ̫ˣ춼ȥˣ
·ϾѾ˵˽ڳԱŸ£ֻһ
ƼǱ͸ֻˡ
Žܵ棬Ҳûұֵ̫ԡ
ҪǴ۶þ̫ſˡ
褳ɫȵʵӣô㣿ĳ˵ˤˣѵ㣿
ⷬߵڰ׵òһѪ
ŭ˵褣ǲǣм½̫ӣŲ˭֪Ȼ˵ף·˵õ˱ӵ
ԭһȻӣӷģǴʵĳһץһ
˵ֻ꣬˻֣˰ѹڽϵƥῪ
һƥرҪῪɲס
ܱ˺һȳʱѾûˡ
ֻ˽ͻ˽ҡ
ܶˣܲܰ͵ȥ
ڰᶯƥʱ򣬽Ѿڵʹ˹ȥúܡ
ֻ˳̧ؼң֪֪жˡ
𰻹Ϸţ͵Ƚҩκ֣ϵ
˭֪̫ҽûãű̧˻
ǣǰԺϢܵȶˡ
£ҵһӵ
˵ҲΪˡ
ûӣֻȥ̫ҽܿȡ
̫ҽҴҸϵңܵȺɫͱˡ
ܵ˵Ҳ̫ˣ
ͷ˺ü飬ȿ϶Ǳסˡ
ҳô£ۺܿϢ
ϢʱֱӾˡ
ò˺ӣðβŷӦ
ʣո˵ҳˣ
˵ͷͦŹ֣ͷϢˤ˵ϣСˤ಻˵̱ˡ
Ϸ˾ţҲŲˡоǽλӣʱײˣ˴ˤʱѹȡ
۵ı鲻ùֵֹġ
̫ų£ôָųˡ
һӵôôŹأ
͸һ
뵽͵ҡҡͷ
ɲʲô䣬ʵ̫˵㡣
ܿʵǸ˵ģץ𣿡
˵ͷѾץˣǸ͵ող͵̩СӵǮܵʱ㱻ӵײˡ
ʱ̩Сץ±ץֺ޽ӵײ߳ŭͳӰͱû·
۶ʱЩ
ôصˣԭȻ
۾ʵ˵ֻǸ͵»᲻ʲô飿
˵ͷڲ飬Ŀǰ顣˵ȥ˳˱Ÿ󣬲ž
-

576 

С˵Ӧʱŵǹơ
⻰Щͬˡ
ʣ̫ҽ˵ģ˵ˣܱס𣿡
⻰˽ܵƣȶˣ˵ǹͷˣ¡
۾ˡ
ȣɣȻ϶Ǳסˡ
ϵǰ˸ʦɽܺεºܣλɳأ
۳䴽˵ˣ֪ˡ
һ֪ǲˡ
Ҳǣڵϳôĳ󣬱ûҪѾǸ⿪ˡ
ʵڼҴţȻȥʵ̫ˡ
̫ȻС˵󲻾ĻλСܻܲδ֪
δҲ̫ˡ
̫ȻֻСһӣᣬԺ飬˵׼أ
ǿ̫ӵϣݽ˷
񽭼ҵλӣԸԺͣɡ
ǲ֪̫֪ô£ֻ롣
Ϣ»š
̫ʱӣûãֱ¹ˤ˵ϡ
֪Ҫء
֪£̫Ǹˡ
εĵ̾˿ȻĬĬ˿ľͷ׮Ƶվš
ȴ֪ﶼκˡ
̫£ŽֽӶس¡
ʵڲʲôͷ
ƫƫָС¡
ɺϣǱģ
ۻСǲӣ֮׵ʵϲ
ȥƹСӣҲ֪̫ʲôԵʣһˣúܡ
ûʲô˵ġ
Ϊ̫ݣԵر۾ֺģ˵úܡ
ҪԼӣ۶ҪǸС
СӳʱͲ˽ϣ£Ͼͳ£λҲų¡
ԽţԽ˾ï}ûš
ӣ̲סɣôãСר˽أ
뵽ܣ۾סˡ
ڹֻ˽ңҪǰѽ˶ˣòҪͻʺ˰ɣ
ԽԽòɴȥʦ
飬ʹʦС
ʦ޵ô꣬רҵġ
Ҧܿ챻˹
ΪҪ˵Ķ̫У۲˳ȥ
ֻҦˡ
Ҧ˸۽̬ͦ
ҦҦºͿżɽˣʦ֪ҳˡ
Ҧüһ治ɫʵ˵ģλӱѹ֮£ƶ·ϣѾ˵ˡ
۵ɫ˳ˣ˺ϸҲ¡
Ҧһ⡭֪λ˳˺£
δαװľˣЩš
ܳ¾Ͱˣҵλ˾ȻҲ£Ҳ̫ˣ
»й
ͨĹ½⣬Ӧò֮¡
ѵΪӣԸ֮ˣк³
̫ǽˣʲôˣ
Ҧ뵽ͻȻЩ¡
òҲϰɣ
뵽ܣ͸ˡ
Ҳ֪Ǵɺϣľ棬ʱͻȻһס
ŵҦĻŲѡ
Ҳһ˺ģֱʳеĹǣʦɷ湷㣿
˵ûټ˵ȥҦȴ˼
Ҧ𹷶ϵϢ̾˿ӣ壬ڵġ
ȻһЩȻй¶˵³õĶȥ
ô˵϶ͷĲ²⡣
Ļף
Ĳ²⣬Թʣǵϧ֮ģ˲䵴Ȼ޴档
ӣ±ˡ
ȴֻһ˼ңԲŻᱻ˳
£Ҿ͵
ٴЩǿ˵ø
ʱ򣬻᲻˵
Խǲ룬ԽǶԹ
ϲӲ٣Ҫӻ˵ǡ
뵽Ѹһ˿ɱ⡣
Ǻܿ죬ֽ˿ɱѹȥ
Ͼӣδ˵ʵںݲɱӡ
ˣٿɡ
ˣ޾ͷˡ۳˵һ䣬ĪҪ̫֪
Ҧװɵټƶֻ˽𣿡
֪ǸϺ꣬϶˵ȥԱһûٶ˵¡
ֻ˸
϶ҲСˣò׳˻飬иˡ
-

577 ۵ľ

սص󣬹ϾǱչغˣʱȱȥˡ
Щ̫ˣõ͵
˭֪չûãɰţ˵ǹˣ
ˣսֻܲܵôųȥ
ɰ˭ˣ
ɰ˵˵ǷµģҪӡ
˶٣ַɿ˵ӣҳˡǰææȥ̫ҽҲ֪˭ˡ
Žʱ˵ִӵȱҶˡ˴ǰҵйء
սһ㶣㻳Լˡ
ҾȻô£
ô
̫ųûأֳô£ôˣѵⱨӦˣ
Ϊɣ
϶ǣ
ʲôû
ս˦Ȼ뵽
˴ͻȻǰʲô
Ѳɣۻɽҳ¸йأ
ս뵽ܣЩ
üͷȥ
һ棬ԭŵȲվ̬ȹظ
սʱ˿
̬ȣ鷳ġ
һЦżɽʵ֪˴ǰΪ£
ЦеģۼҴ˷ǰǴ¿͡Ÿλͨǵţǰȥ߳ǣС
սʱЩɵۡ
գգۣʣ˵ȥ߹أ
ûȷЦе˵˵֣ϣ˱ܹ֮߳Эؾе
սЩ¡
¾۰ŵģۿ϶֪νġ
ԣҪȥ߹أԡǰ߹أ
Ҳǣݹȥ˾óҵ
ȥ˱߹ػҪ
ҳп϶Ҳ
ҪԡݹȥʹΪͬˡ
ֻһλĻţݲۣȥ߹ظ˭Ҳ˵ס
ǣôͻȻȥ߹أ
ΪңǱԵʣ
ΣܹŮװسȥˣǺõġ
ܱչҪöࡣ
˵Щ˺ܲʵȥ֮˵֡
սԽԽʵҪ
֪˭ģʱսôʣȻ˵á
Ҳ֪ôģ뿪ʱ򣬾Ȼս˸ãС˵˽ҵ
սһʱ۵˼
۶ԽҲǺܿأҲûܽҵЩˡ
Щûϵˡ
Ȼ۶˵áȥ߹ظˣȻá춯
սߺ̻ȥʰ
룬ƽ
ĳ̫ˣ߹صĳҲ֪ôҪòóԣȥ֮ɾˡ
Ҳȥʱʲô
ƽ󣬹򲻴Ȼ˵㣬ʱЩɱ߹زȾǣҪôС
ɰھǵĵ̻ũţȥ߹ط˷ĲŻ
ÿũЩׯڣҲ
รóױ廨ȥ߹ԡݣรȥҲӲ󣬵ھ
սһĥܿ˰š
ʵʰҪԶ֣รʰá
ѡ˰ѹܼҽ˹ɰ棬۵˼˵ˣֽһЩš
ܼҵ֪սҪȥ߹ôԶͦģսһԪƵشԲ󣬹ܼ˲ͷˡ
սԡǰȥ߹أ¿϶֪
սȻھǡ
Ϊ˼鷳սɴùܼҶҪдΪڼ˭Ҳ
ܼ֣ص˵ͷսҪȫ£֣رʾһúÿսȥ߹ظ̡
սװͬװƽ⣬һ·
ԭôˣɹܼҵ·ϳ£սֻð˴ˡ
鷳ʱû˶
һװУɱֻ˶̶ʱ䣬͵˱߹ء
̲֪սˡ
ս죬ĪЩѰ
ܾҪʲô
˺һ󣬸ɴȥˡ
սһ˵߳ǵʱ򣬳̻û
߳ǵķɳЩսñڵɳ
߳Ǻǣ˵ˣٶȾ
-

578 ͷ

𷱻ľǣ߳Ҫöࡣ
սƵڽֵϣʱʱͻᷢ˵Ӱ
źɫװͷϴñҲõĺɴڣӢˬ
ǵýֵԵ˺פ
ڲ²ݡ
˭
֪ء
Ȼôˣ϶򵥣
Щ˵Ĵ磬Ӧ
ףôһ˵ǣ
ôͻȻôˣ
˭֪أЩͦģǸġ
òǳʲô˰ɣ
Ӧòɣ㿴Ƶģмµӡ
ǰ˵ֳȥˣ
ʲ첻ȥģֲǡ
˵ԴȥΧԣЩ˶ûôˡ
ߣǰӾӲǰ˺۸ߵߡˣǾûˡ
ðҪܹһֱͺˡ
ʲôأ϶Ҫȥģ
ǣ˵ճɻûأͷ˱߹أһ˾
ģҲ̫ˣųɻͶؿշ
ɲ
Ȼ𣿡
ʲôĵģ
٣Ͳˣ˵Ůɫȫǿε
ʲô˼
ٺ٣˵ʲô˼첻Ůɫģ
㲻ҪˣȻ˵
ʲôû˵ǿôˣŮ𣿡

ս̲סƳЩ͵͵۵ˣЩ˵ĵӻǴ
Ȼˡ
Ұʷȷʵмأ˵̲ŮɫǸ䣡
˵褵Ĺϵ岻
һֱţǴδ̸ֳʲôϵ
ǰ󲿷ʱû˸۳̡
˭֪һ߳ǣ˹ڳ̵İԡ
սЦ䴽ǣǰ̵ס
̵֪סĶ
ҸʣͿ˲
磬ǳ̵
ɱȵ֮ס
˵ȴܲһֱȵϡ
ܿϳսˣΨսñ
ʵ֪ǡ
սƿɴ˵ĳĻţǰ
δսŮװģһαװ뵽褡
ΪսαװӸͦ
ʶ褣Զһ²Ƿš
˵ԭ͸·
·սһ˺ܿ쵽˳̵ס
סǳõһԺӣԿóɹĺۼ
սſȥ
·òԾ
ɵؿսһۣǸĻţǸӡ
뵽ܿǷֳҲȻˡ
Һܿսסĵط
ûҵսŵסڳ̾סԺڣýҲá
սһ·糾ͣѾЩˡ
һ·ֳһĺ
˰źôЩȻ׼ˮԡһ
˷󣬾ˮȼ򵥲ϴһ飬Ȼϸɾ·ȥ˳׼ʳ
ĳǳ̴ģⲻٴΣһ˳
Ӵ󾪣ôˣ
˵ͻȻʶʲôϽʵ
Ѿ֪սԡģܱ¶ݣ˵ڸΪүдģչ
һ㶣λ
˵ȻүصĻǰүԲߵĳʳҸź򡣡
ӶĻŲǺϤȴ֪սĸ˵ƶˡ
ȻصĻţֵ˿أȻҵ
ܿʵ֪ϲЩʲôʲôģҲԸ˵
˵ͷһ·糾͵ظ·ողŵֶۣЩˬڵĲ˰ɡ
Ӧһܿæµ
һߣڲԭˣͻȻͷ
ͻȻû˴Ե˼ű߳Ƿɱȥ
ǸϽϡ
յſڣǰŵ
һ۾
ۿʵôˣ
˵үˣ
͵رɫҲˣʲô˭
˵
̵ĺݺһû˵꣬ͺݺ˦һӡ
-

579 

һ·񱼣һ÷ɿ졣
ڣصʱɵ
Ѹ߽ţץ˸˾ʣĶ
ϧŵģ£ֻҡͷ˵֪
һؽӿ˽ȥ
һ·˺üˣ֪սסĵط
߹ȥȻսסԺӣȴĵ
ձ
һɺأ
϶ɺϣ
ֻͨĻţô߹
϶ձ

Ժſţ̺Ͻ
˼ǣ
ŽȥɨһȦ󣬺ܿ쿴ƽ
ƽȻװ磬ȴûôױ
ҪñеŮ࣬װǸСˣȥװ硣
Գһ۾Ͱ˳
ƽһ·˲Ͱ
Ȼƽˣ϶ձûˣ
ֻͨĻţƽô
̴߹ȥɫƽˣƽô
ƽϽ񣺡ūСļүүСǸġ
̴һֺܿѹȥµʵôͻȻˣ
ƽ˵ǱµĿͣү
⻰һ̵ĴٴһҲſ
̼ˣԸ⵱ˣ
ձˣΪ˻дӸʡɸʵãӦȻһ٣
ʵ̫ˣ
ձˡ
Ȼˣʹȵԭ¸ʺˡ
˷˺һ󣬺޲̽ȥսֵԼֵ̫սС
۾ƽʣھǵЩӣﶼʲô
ƽͰԣôʣ̾Ͱү﷢̫ˣ
ܶ˶˵Ҵӿ϶ܿ״ԪǰûԷŰȻſ˵Ԫǡ
Ҳϲңڽܸϲ
ʵһֱþеĻ⾩ǵĶϢ
ĻŵδϢǾ޹ؽҪ
Գ̻Ǹող֪ԭܲſ˵
̲סЩֻЦǻȡСˣһֱʲôŸ߰˶ԭˡ
ƽһʱ߷߲ƽ˵ɲӿòã˵ˡ
ūСĲڲ¥˵һ䣬ڵˣȻ鷳˵ʲô¿лҵĹŵòˡ
˵ƽغһ˵ʲôǧأһûУȻǰţ󻹲ǱӸʰˣ
̲֪£ǵĻ֮ǰ˴Ϣ˵ǳ¿лҺͽ
ȴǲ룬лҵ˾Ȼսǰ
ɫһ¾лҵĹǰˣ
ƽЦõ⣺ǺܷӲŲأֱӡ
һ̲סʣû鷳
ƽЦøˣ˵ˣǲ鷳
һҲˣЦ⵹Ҳǣһ仧ˣﻹ鷳أǻʲôȤ£
ƽһתܿ˵ڵϳˣ
Щ棺󣿳ʲô󣿡
Ҳ֪ڵϳ£ȴ׳ʲô
ƽסӣ˵ǳԻ˶ӣڵԵʱˡ
𾪵صԲ۾ɫȴˣ
ȻûۿԼ·ŵĳֶζ
У̫ˣ
ܾȻ飿Ҳ̫
̲ȥˣƽȴ˵ӳ̫ҲˣһλСǰøո¡
˵һһ԰¹ĸӣ˵أΪǣ̫Сĸƽ
ƽ˵̲סĽҲ֪Ƕ԰¹ĸʲôӵģūСĳô󣬻ûء
ǰС£ӴɰʱƼˣϧӲϴūСĽɰҲϸҡ
ںƽǵС˼
֪̫ͽͰ¹£֪Сﲡģ֪ܲ
ȻƽֻЦԽԽˡ
Ȼͷǲ
ƽԣ̲ס˵ˣǰýҳˣʱȶˣ
³̸յõϢã֪֮ԶȣΪײһ͵Է߳ŭõ
˺ڵϣѹ˽ܵȣͦأβá
뵽̲̾ס뵽ս򺲡
򺲵˴ȣսκ
-

580 ̴

뵽򺲣̲̾סøЩ
ܵ˾˵ʮأͷˡ
ս֣ܾȵ
ܲܣսѾ˱߹أ϶ȥȡ
˵ھǣҲûʸΡ
ֻǡʱ߹أʲôԵʣ
й
뵽Ҳסˡ
Ȳս
ƽأ
ƽգգۣЩɵģԡūСĴš
ŰɣȽȥ
̸ɿһĺˡ
ԥһ£ֱȥݡ
ۡȻֻʱ֮󣬾˿Ҥ˴שͰʼɡ
ÿԺӶ˸ɾԡ䡣
ֻǲ義ǵôɡ
սȻԡǾͿ϶ԡ
ȻȴҲֱȥԡ
ȻǱƢ֪Ҫֶء
ߣǶɻˡ
ԽԽòζ
ʵȥŵˡ
ƽ״Ͻȥ˲裬Ȼʵͷ
Եսϴ裬ɾ·һˮԡʱ򣬾Ϳĳ̡
ΪԺûбˣոϴȵúܣòǺʵ
Ȼ¶סˣԼǡݣھû̫ʵ΢Щ
Ҳû¶̫࣬¶˲Ӻһǡ
ˮĳɢе·ϣ·Ҳˮ
ϻûӣֻľ졣
еϡ
ţ⸱磬͵ؾվȻ󲽳߹㡭ʹ
̶ˣ޲·
սƳһֱۣ׳˵ûˡ
̻Ǻܲһ˴أ
սһۣ㻹˭Ҵ
̣
ðɣ֮⣬ȷʵû˸Ҵ
Ǿúܲʹ졣
ս⴩Ҳ̫ˣ
ڿôʲô
нϣȻûӣ
սڣûȣ̲ס̿ˮ
ǸϽתĿ⣬ֿСĽѾӡ
̷ϸˣûϢٴ̿ˮ
Գ
Ȼû˵Щʲôս˵ȥԡ·𣿡
̶ʱˡ
ս⻰ʲô˼

ոϴ裬ġ
ߣٰˣ
̾ԽԽȣսǰֻȻȥԡ·
˵λȻûʲô£ǱԺٹ
˵ͻȻƽսһѾס죬ˡ
ﻹдʵ˵߳ǲȾǣ޳էעЩС
˵ִսĽѾӣǵðӴϡ
ս
ĬĬסӣ˿˺ü
óɫˡ
Ȼȥһˣϸòã
رŮˣ
һһ˦˳ȥ
߳ԺӺ󣬳ͻȻʲôתͷſڵ
һЩζ
˾ȻüĿģ
У˭սģԺҲ̫Զˣ
һд̿ʹô죿
Դӻпͨÿ춼˽ǣͷвٶ̽ӡ
Щ˴˵սô죿
ԽԽݺܿࡣ
ŵսѣȻʾ֭Ҳ벻Լòԡ
ʱͻȻ˵Ǻú׼ȥҲ׼κ˽ȥ֪𣿡
ʱЩ±ơ
үʲô˼
׼ǽȥ
Ҳ׼κ˽ȥ
ѵүҪ
ܣ˸벻ģ
ǲģġͬλЩԶүȻүɡ
үĲԽԽˡ
̻֪ˣһ󣬾ͼҴȥԡˡ
ϴ˸ϸɾ·ŪͷȻЩȲս
ſڵȥĳ̣Щ±ơ
ô£
үǲ뿪û
ôˣ
ʲô˼
̿ɲ룬ֱӽȥˣͻȻʲôֶ˵ֱӰѲ͵ҪΪӷϴ
˵ִ󲽽ȥˡ
棬սյҡϣһҡΣһ߳ˮ
ƽһ԰ҡӣ΢紵󣬱ˡ
⸱ܵӣʱЩۺ졣
߹ȥսŽѾӣЩôûӣ
ս³һѣ봩
-

581 ԽԽϲ

㡪šüͷصս˵ɺͳȻս˫·Ц۾ͻȻ˵ˡ
սͰ͵ؿ˳һۣүҶˡ
ʶʵʲô
սüͷҴȥˣ֪ûС
뵽һ·糾͸·˵Ļ
ֻ뵽սŽѾӱ˿ɱ˵ĳ嶯
ܿ˵߷ɳȰӴϣСİѽŪˡ
˶ֲһ䣬ȥʳǱߡ
˵꣬ͳƽ˹ȥƽȥʣûС
ƽҲˣû룬ܿȥ
ѹû֣Ǳ̸ˡ
һߣսԱߡ
սҡβֻһˣùȥԱߵϣսʣιǸʵ˼
ս˵ͷһ߳ѣһøôģ
̳Ƭ̣û˵
ʱ²͸۵뷨Ҫ֪ϢС
֮ǰдӣս۳һ١
ͻȻ⣬ܵʲôԵʡ
飬ȴسսƮȥ
սɫǶ;Ļϲ
֮ǰʱһѻеãû̫ࡣ
Ȼ֮ͷԼܲϰˡ
һˣԷˣҹ˯Ҳô̫շת˯š
ǰЩΪʲôǵȢϱ
˱߹غ󣬵ˡ
ڣսˡ
̾ô
ôûϱˣڿˣܵðѹȥĲ
սúܲڡ
̵̫ˡ
ϴ裬;Ⱥģ˻ˮžǹȥ
ڱһƣ־û
սƵҧһŲݮ̲ס˵һֱҸʲô
̼ź޵ĲݮɫˣֿʼԳ
ֱ׳˵Ǳôˣ
޸ˣôˣ
ҪҪ
սԽΣգʱסˡ
һת˵үǸˣĳһĻţɲʲô
ǡʲô
Ըʵ
̣
ؿսر˭Ļôŵģ
תһ룬սˣԺеǻᡣ
ûƽϡ
ֻһۣǳʵ֪׼ߴã
սۼȻҪһȥġ
ֲɵ϶Ҳµˡ
ôʣڹˣ
ŲҪء
սһתүѾ֪̫һλС
Ȼ֪£һսô˵֪ڹתƻ⡣
ûƽϣսˣûǵģ
˵ǸЦһǲΪȻ˵̫ʹҹŽ
ǰ̫ǲסս˵ţ̲ס˵һ԰¹ĸӣŵͦԡ
̲м˵һ԰¹ѣҪ˸
ɲʲô˵һ԰¹ĸȷϡ
ԺҪжӣҸʮ԰˶Եģܱܲʲôȥ
Ȼսһ⻰԰һĻŵøϽ˵ͲˣҰҰѱץŷס
˶٣ֲ̫һŮȥǶ԰¹ĸӣ˭֪ĸ¹ͻȻ̫˵òᡣ
һ£
ﰲ嶤ӣԶԹϢ֪òǺ
̫ĸ¹ϮһѾڣδͷ
Ȼ
սҲûдŸ±˽ȥ
˵ֵ꣬ĵؿսͷţĵʣû°ɣ
սЦЦʲô£ֻĸ¹ѣֲʲôˮޡ
˵Ǿ˵
ͻȻ߹أùֵֹġ
սãںбҪ˵˵
۽Ӵ࣬ҲǺ˽⡣
̡
ǵӵģ۵˽϶Ҫöࡣ
綼²۵ʲô
˵ҽ֮󣬾ͷ̫ӻûãҲúܡ
ɣͼװȾ˷纮ûǰա뿴Ƕ԰¹̫ӦˣҾ͸˹ȥ
ȥ֮ͷС¹Ȼϲң˹̫ʱˮιûᡣ
-

582 ͵͵

һս˵С¹ϲͺܲˬˡ
ܹȥʲô̵ģΪʲôʵѡЩúܣԶ㡣
սƳһۣ
ͷС¹ѣô
øͼ˵ҷֵʱ̫ı鶼Ťˣ鷳ʹ뿪˭֪һߣС¹ͽеرҡ
̸ˣʲôݺ𣿿϶ǽϹôģһͷʲô
սٴ
ǳ˳飬ĬƬֽ̺˵ӦòǽϽ̵ģʱӦñˡ
һɣʱܲ¶˶⣬ĸ¹ˣĸ¹ͻȻ
»ˣ
ɲԸԼղŵСŤЦô˵ǽϻá˵μҲѲ
ʹҹŰѺǲʱӶûãȻȲ˳
Ƕ԰¹ǽ͵ģȻʲô㵱ʱԶߵÿ죬Ȼĸ¹Ҫǹô죿
ս⻰Ƕ԰¹ĸӿҡҡͷƶ˵ǲṥҡ
һˣǶˣ㻹ԶЩźáʲô˭֪ǻ᲻ͻȻ衣
սˡ
ų̣۶Ҳ̫Сˡ
Ƕ԰¹ѣбҪƽôô
һ޹ظӡ
սŷĿͻȻе졣
ɵü̲סƿĿ⡣
ѵǴˣ
սﲻһЩٶ˵Ļ棬ϽĿƿˡ
ΪԼĲԾװµؼ˵£ϵʱĸ¹ײڵأĹŮȥ˽ţˤϡ
ȻûиȴóϵʱɫܲԾ˵òᡣֻǲ֪Ժܲٻޡ
ʱڣȻ̫ҽҩ¡
ϴʱϻ˯ţҲֱȥ
񣬽Ĩ˷ۺ֬ڸʵɫȻ塣
ϵʱ϶ûá
Ѳʹ죬ӿ϶˵ˡ
ֱŮѹһ£ϼˡ
ԺǺٻˡ

ɾƾͽϵĹϵҲֳֺõ¡
ϱ͸гεҪ
ӽˮ˲Żｭϵ
˵ˣϻкͿʼǰͷδ޵˵йء
㽭Ժ治ˣҲȡ
ûϵ
ս˵ǰϴʱҼȷʵݵĸ˼ƺʦæסʦڡ
죬ϱĸ¹ʱΨҺͷ¹Ӵ󡣲̫ҽ鿴ͷ¹ϲûбҩĺۼ
ĸ˹ʦ빬ͷ¹ʦǰ˵˺ûֻǲ֪ǵôġ
̶Щ鲢Ǻսôһ˵üͷɫҲܲÿ
ܣǾȻ㣿òᣬ˵Ӧġ
ǲţ۵Ƣýսˡ
սû˵
Ȼȷ۵˼ȴҲ¡
ֵ׳꣬Ǹˡ
ܲΪ𽱻ĸ¹ͻ
ңҪ滳϶Ļ죬죬
Ȼ֪ǡ͸ı¡
Ļ죬ƻ˳̣ܷģ
۰ߣӦġ
̼˳˼̲ס֣
սһ͵̧˫۵ʲô
̫˰ɣȻ
ĵʲôʱôˣҶֶˡ
Ҳһ
û뵽ԼôͻȻˣ͸ƻһ
ԣǱƻˣ
϶ս͵͵
̰˦ָȴЩ
ոյĴк
սǳ˶ٶϾȻģ
ֻۣƵġ
̲סֿʼԳ
˭֪սһͻȻ֡
ʶץס֣Щʣʲô
սرֱ׳ոңҪ
ͻȻû̵أ
쵰ովȻע͵͵ҲҪ
һô˵սǴ󵽳־ʱˣУ
һӡô죿

һʲôӡӣƼˣĶ飿
-

583 㻹

̼ս
ȻսԹ
ҪǻԹͲսˡ
ΪһŮ䣬սرΪɵԾ
ֱӾͶˡ
̱뷴ģ˭֪սͻȻѹסŵһҲҶ
ٶȥҪǹ߻
սûסգȻط֣ƽʱģ߰òһϵȻġ
Ȼᰡ
ҲǸʮˡ
š
ϧûôƤЩֲˡ
ɲǺ¡
ôϵɷҪǱ˲ںӣҲ̫۾ˡ
ΪһտأսɲίԼ۾
֮󣬸ɴóһСӣ򿪣Ȼһ̸࣬Ĩ˳ϡ
ΪˣûùĶ
һӱ壬˫۵սʵձĨʲôأ
սüͷһѰסҶʵţҰĨҩأ
ţζеϤʲôҩĨĸò̸ɣ
սЩ죺ףϳˣ
ȴ˲伤ͣҲụ̂
ŲҪĨ
Ϊ֪С˾Ĩ֮۵ĸСƵġ
ŲҪӣ
սһѣҶʲôأĨҩѣŵġҩǺģҪһء
ͻȻҶˣȻ
У¾Բձ֣
ȻŮ˿϶³Ц
̸Ͻ˵ȥԼĨ
ս۾ɵؿȷ
˸ڣֲû֣òң
սԭǲӦģɾҪٶ̵ʱͻȻʲô
ս˲
˵ƣ͵𣬸ղΪѹסֱ̣ˡ
Ϊӣ϶ޡ
ѹڳ֣㶼û㡣
ѹ
ǸղĨҩʱ򣬳ͻȻ˼¡
еˡ
սϽӳȥľܡ
̼״һס㻹ûӣ
Ӷûܳȥ
붼룡
սֱӰҩϽĨҩȥɣĥĥˡ
ʶסҩ࣬սû˳ȥ
ͷûˣȥ󣬸΢紵ϣԥһ£ȥӴˡ
۶СƢҪǲӣһֱȥ
˵̫ٵˡ
߹صķɳȷʵǴЩ
ԺǴھٳźˡ
սӣֻЬ
ʱƽҲʳлˡ
ΪէսϲİźԺûűѾߡ
ɻҪƽϡ
ͦ󣬵Ҳۡ
˰Ѳ˰ϣ̸պù
սղŵĦЩεǺ
սȴ룬ˣ¾Ϳʼԡ
ŷζ̰ѸղŵԺ󣬴߹սԱߣ
ƽ״ܿ˳ȥ
ҲҪȥ÷
սͳù󣬾ȥߡ
ʱͷˣͻһۣϷڣ˰ȣһ㡣
Ļôһ㡣
սûԼڵݡ
һս⸱磬Щȥ
սĸۺ󣬿ηǻ޵Ц⣬͸ЩƵġ
ǱأŮӱ뺷úܡ
ģ߳ȥñȥ๫
ԽԽûģ޲ðսﲻȥ
սЦЦƳһۣóû¡
ǹʵүΪ⸱飿Ƕĳʲô
̣
һ˵ʱңȷҪȥ
˵㲻ȥ
սƳϵ̫
Ҳ֪ô£ʱϵ̫ͱƲ㵲סˡ
սգգָۣϵİƣЦе˵ĳǾãʱá
ƵؿϵİƣðβŲĵʵȥʲôطﲻȾǣﻹвˣʱܱˡ
ǾȻţǾ͸ܷŹˡ
սɫһ䣬Դǵ˵үģĳȻֻһȴҲб֮ġιĳصش˵˸дүĳһү
̣㻹ˣ
ƵҧҧʵڲսΧۣһв˵̽ӣһЩӡιԽ֪Խá
˵꣬׼
սԥһ£ûоܾ
-

584 С˭

ܿ׼ˡ
̺սһ
Ҳǳ̵֪սݡ
̸ս۾Բˡ
ô£
үǰϲ
ôתˣ
λ˭
ɣүأ
һԵ⵶ˣæһۣݸһ㷢ʲôأ㣡
һݣϽ˱飬ҿ
սڳϣò̫
ʱѾȽˣǿϣֻȡ
Ӳģȥǲ
Ƴ˳һۣԥһ֡
һʲô
ıŵˡ
սȻ
ҪҪˣ
棬Ȼһ㶼֪ߣһ˷ô죿
滹أ
̽żˣһԽԽ죬ȴûдս֡
ֻǾץ֣Ҷ
սûóЩˬ
ʵô£ô˿˿ģǲ˰ɣҰһ£
⻰ɫһǺˡ
ҧгݵѹձʵõúܣһ㲡ûУ
սһֻϹȻ˿˿ģĴ
һ˸󵨵⡣
ȿȣɷ򣬲ðײá
Ҫʱ򶼲ã̻ʲôôأ
սֱ׳ţȻǳɴؿ˳ϣҿһ¡
̸ӣһӾͽӲˣ
Ӳ˺ðΣŷӦЩʣڸʲô
ҾͿһ£һ㶼
սֱ׳˵ţȴʼĥҪҪĿ
ëӿ϶ǲеģ̫ˡ
ҪĻֻܻһֲϡ
ֻǡ
սڳϣ˸ƣͻȻҲͦġ
˿˿ģӲֺʣǱκο涼á
ԽԽֻ˸ƣȻؿ˳ϡ
̽ŵһҶֻҧгݵصսͷձ
ռˣ
ұ֤ݣ
ȻսѾóһϴɾˮˮ»һװ׵Ưֺóԣ
ԭЩȵĳᣬ˲˿˿⡣
ս̵سһŲݮһţݸ̡
̿ߵĲݮһ˵
ԻǲԣǸ⡣
ԥһ˲ſ죬ҧסǿŲݮ
۾ȴֱؿս
ߣ͵ˣҪǻɵӣ
ս˱ɣˡ˵ؿϣռıˣԺôʰ
ıôռ
˵ʲôֻϵķޣȻǸƭӣ
Ź˶ãͿʼռˡ
ֻ
ǸķǵŮˣ
ҪӸͺˣֲǲӦ
̫˸Σ˭֪ܻã
Ժ˶ӣ϶ʲôöˡ
ʱ˭۸
뵽սƽ֮ǰ˵Щﲻֳһ档
ߺսھǱǸлŮ۸
нϣԼ̫˸ĶӣҲ۸
ǸС
۸ˣֻܻ
ţǾ͹
ս˿˿⣬̵سˮ
ͻȻҲ
ռĽ𽣬нҳЩ飬̲סֻ
ѹ֪ѾԶ󿪣˱۸С
Ҫôȥ
˸˼֪˾͡
߾вپֵͣʳƽʱľ
ϧ߳Ǿ˽ӣϺõﶼ̣ˣﲢ࣬ÿʳޡ
γ̹ʱ򣬴˲ӣصһط֡
˶ʶЩӣֻóں֡
ɳݹء
ǾвҲұ¶
Ҳû˵ЩӵرԼ֪Ȼ˵ȥ
ֻǳζ󣬶ЩӶͦġ
ʱʱģҪȥ
սҪţ̾ʹ
Щҫ˼
֮սȥ
̼״Ͻ˳ȥ
вڳݡ
ЩԾ
Ϊ̶ĶͦģЩֵصҲǳ裬µׯڱ̣ˣʱǿû̽
սǸףһЩ˾͸ˡ
ҲЩԭˣһЩɵۡ
ƽʱģ컹ǵһ
ǣȻͬһ
С˭
-

585 С۵

սΪ񣬺ܿͲЩ͵͵Ĵ
Ҳ⣬Ͼ˶кģ߳ǣ˼ҿ϶Ǹʲôˡ
װʲôû֣󷽷ߵߣӡ
ֵĸպףѾ磬˵ϥôߣ͵ģʮϲˡ
ս֮󣬻ǾЩЩ
ķܻеˮ
ռֵˡ
ռﳤģһ׳úܣཱུġ
Щӵʱ򣬳ҲزЩ˷ĴĿ⡣
սЩȴ⡣
㿴
һ˻ȥŵЩϽͷɻٲҶ࿴
ﳤӲݣЩ˾ЩӲݡ
ȻӲݻׯˮ֣ׯڳá
ɹһһװµսߣҫ˵ɺ󣬾˻˵طרֲЩӣ˾źãǳΣ
ս֮߳ǰȥũ￴ͷׯں͹ũҲһףֵҪȱ߳ǵĸЩ
ȥʱЩѾĴȸߡ
ҲЩ׳ʵˡ
Ƿµ㣬Գƺܺá
߳ǵعϡ̴˻ʵķӹԭϲ㣬ҲɸΪ֮
ҪԭϣֻܶЩ
Ҳܶġ
߳ǲ٣˶ԣҪִ̼ﻹжι
սĥ
ŬһЩģͷȴҲ֪ܲС
ɴ߱룬˳㿴ЩﶼЩʲô
̼ͻȻ߿Ͻȥ
߳⺷սִøСƵģɲһߡ
һ۸ô죿
ѡԵսֵԱ߻š
սһ·ֵׯ໹ͦࡣ
˳̴׺ͺ⣬󣬴С
ӣսδϳ
Ѿ룬ϸ˼ۺ󣬾ϳеĲͬ
ֻһͷ֣Щ붼Ǻܴ󣬿Ӫӡ
֪ȵջʱĶ϶û١
սҡҡͷͻȻĿռﻹвӡ
˵һʼռûֲ˶ٶ
ӵʱÿһЩȫѷ˿ռ
Ȼÿһֵӷ࣬ڿռѾ󣬵ǿͷһ硣
⣬սȲҪȥׯڡ
ȻʱͻȻԶдƬɫֲòׯڣȴЩ졣
һ̲ס˹ȥ
߽һܿ˳
Щɫӣϻޡ
һַǳʵݣιţС
ڹŴҪιţ
Ͼƥţֿ磬ڹ˵ǷǳҪڡ
ʱʳֵͣ˶Բܲôֲݡ
޵ݣȻҪȹս
ս֮Ծ죬ΪҲֹĿռޣֻһ㵱˳ԡ
Ŀռﵹһϻ޵ӡ
ϻ޿ʱͦƯһЩطרֲ˴Ƭοȥ
ȵˣԸɹɷΪȥ
սȥΣҲȥ
ƬϻޣʱǳƯ
صزѿˣϻɵĸɻ֮⣬ˡ
ʱѾҽҪֺ˶಻ʤ
ϰ֪ݣϻȤص͸һӡ
ʱռޣֲ̫࣬ڱ߽߱ǽһ㣬һƽ׵ĴС
˵ֵò࣬ǳõǸïʢ
ѿˣзζ
֮Ҳӡ
ͦ࣬ûꡣ
ӣӾ͸ˡ
ֵϻޣŵǱЩĸ׳Щѿŵͦ۵ġ
֮ǰھǵʱûôϻ޵ģʵݡ
ƼˣսЩ뷨
ǺģѸ׳˵ζҲá
Ļ䶼Ҫϲ١
óݣ϶Ҫڵĸá
ϻⶫﶼֲֵĻҲ̫
ս뵽ʹȻȥһ¿ռӡ
֮ǰó׺ͺЩɱӡ
ûȥúƣЩӡ
˭֪ʱԶͻȻ
սû⣬ɾ׼ת뿪ʱԶȴһȣʲôˣʲô
-

586 ˲˵

սһ㶣ʶ˳һۣĿżȻ˲ʶү
̲õһƳһۣǸװĽСѾͷͻȻ˵ݡ
߳ؽشиŮĽСȴܱ뺷
귽ʮ壬ȴδס
˵Ǹ⣬ȻӽСȴͦһֱҪɱС
شһֱҸȻõŮѡȫһ١
˵˺ݻֻܹӮˣʸΪķشͷˣŮ޲ȥ
һŮӣ̶ע
֮Ի֪ЩǴ̽شʱ˳֪ġ
شǱ߳ؽҪ߳ǣȻҪŪһС
߳Ǻ󣬻δ
ȴû뵽սȻѾͷ
üͷĪЩˡ
Ҫ˵ǻȥ
ȻѾˡ
ȻǷ׷׳ǰ
ͣ£үڴˣ÷
⻰Դʧɫ
Ѹס
Ϊյ̫µĿ˲СİһŽ
ϽϥŮ֪үڴˣðүˡ
̾ӸµƳһۣûֻ˵α㣬´β³çˡ
սվڳ࣬ش
ǲĴ΢΢̧ͷյصһۡ
񣬾ڿһͽӡ
սȴ˿û˼ɺؿ
ڸոգΪҪլ̲סЩԾԾԡ
Ȼʱӣ־ò̫
òֻǴɵķɱƤɹСɫ񾩳Щҹ㣬װۣ
ңºʵţȫûҪû̵˼սװڴһ
صɹ𴽽ǣЦЦ
£۾ɵøˣɫҲЩ졣
Ҳ֪ߵģġ
սģġ
ٶ˭֪ǰͻȻһڣ
쵰߶סˣ
սһŭźɵ۾
̸òǶ˼ɣ
˵Ůʵò˵Ӱ˵㣬ȴȳƣССģҲű֮
ôһ룬ս͸ˡ
üͷͻȻЩģ̫
սͻȻ֣ԭϲбŮˡ
Ȼûֵǣĳ̣ʱɱ˰ıĿ⾯
ողŵսʱڳǰȴʵòʵƤ̧
ͷģ
˾Ǹɱ˲գ۵
ս̵סߣ˵ɫһ䣬ԥԱһŲӳ˳
˭֪ʱͻȻתһס󣬰ˡ
ս

̸հսߣ͵͵Ƥս
͵Բ۾
ͻȻãԼʲô˵ܣ
ģȻϲˣ
ѹһֱŮɫոȢؼҵھǲˡ
ȻȻ
ոǸСȷʵòѹְסˡ
뵽սӣϵıͲϱ任
ͻȻսǵ΢ЦɫǺ죬һòҰס
Сÿÿôͱأ
Ը
ҧҧͻȻŵ̧ͷֱؿų̺սıӰ
ֻһֱսߵЩ졣
սɫۣЩߵÿˣ°ںӶ紵
ǱӰҲƮƮݷ֮С
·֥ˣʱȥ
Աߵĳ̾ŶˣǱӰ˿ŸС
ŵսǱ԰סСҧ۾ðˡ
ԽԽ̲ס֣ס˵
Ȼ뵽̵ݣûҰѵγ
ڸʲô
Էɱ˲գ۵
ҪǸҰεǻû˾ȳͱһˣ
˵ʵǳ£ﻹһħһӣܰ˸ˣ
ʵͲĶ֡
ֻǸСֻܼˡ
ôһ룬̲ס۾
ۿųսҲӵվҧҧ󣬺ݺתװԼʲô֪
սһ˿֪Լ˵С
-

587 򷭴׸

ͷϡ
սƿȻָսǱ̵һͻȻ˻
սˬתͷʲô
̱һ飬ͻȻ뵽ովȻЦһղΪʲôЦ
սõ۾үȻֶ֪
ģ˵ͦʺ֣ĽСཿģСƵġ
һȻˣĴ׸׶Ʒˣǣɱƭˡȥ˭֪ǸҰ޲ȥѾͷ
սô˵üͷүô˵ЩһСɲǾΪ
ߣɲʲôӡ
ս˲ЦղүҲ֪үĹΣȥ֮үдһ
óƤˡ
һۣͻȻʵǱӮˣҪΣ
ս˲侯ʲô
ʵҪʲô
ٴδһۣζع𴽽ǣ˵أ
ս
һҲ뵱붮Ů
̵ͦģ
սʼװɵֲĻ׳棬㲻˵ô֪
Ҫ̸Ҳ˵
˭֪ͻȻһ㻭Ļ͸ѵҪ˵𣿡
սһ⻰ССԴ˲˴ʺš
ʲôˣ
ǡһQĳ
ȵȣ˵뵽Ķȥˣòǲ´˰ɣ
ɿһүһΣ
Цһ⣺ϲ
ս
ðɣڿԿ϶ˣ̾ǲ´ˣ
Ҫ֪ǸСԼӹ߳ŭˡ
ڵǣҪҪ˵أ
Ҫ˵̿϶÷ɣ
Ҫǲ˵ȥҲ̫ˣ
ǾһսϾ˵
Це˵ȻүϲҾͷˡʵһүԭүϲ㲻õˡ
̣
һ۾һѽսϣձո˵ʲôû룬ٸ߱

ʲô߰ģ
ô
Ϊô˵ܺŪ
ǾԲŵģ
սգգۣͻȻЩΣա
Ƴ̣
ûôҧгݣӸµصսձҪô˵𣿡
սֱӿȥ
һҲѳóȥˣ
ֱ̡ɵˡ
ܵҪΪȴԼȫսĶ֡
һӺ
ս̵سűѣ̿ڳ϶
սĵԽԽˡ
ؼǣΪʲôô
ͻȻͷе̣ԽԽ
һֱ˸ţսûиĸߵñȽϽ
ôģ
̾ϻģ͸һ
Ҫһսֲ˼ô
ɲսǰ
ǳһǶɫǺ죬۾Ҳս·Ǳ۸˵ĻƻС
̫ϬˣսѶԲȥˡ
ɴһѣݸ
һͻȻʲô
ս
ʲôûôս˵꣬ϰǿŰԼ
ߣԲԡ
źˣ
ؿһĻͻȻøˡ
ҧгݵ˵ܲеΪŮӵ֣
սգգֱۣ׳ؿҺְү𣿡
ڿǡˡˡҪʲô֣
˵ˣǿһڶѣûѳô
ڷӦôô
˭Բģ
α
ˡ
ձ⻰ʲô˼
ǡ
Ѳ˵ǡˡԲšŶ£
ձʲôˣ
̶ըˡ
ս۾ðˣϽ˹ȥһѷߣСƵ˵Կѽ𡣡
̲顣
Ƥûأձ͸ҵݸ
Ŵſڡ
˭֪սͻȻ죬ǿ
ֱ̼Ҫˣ
ձ㡭
սס죺쳢ġ
ҧȻսĵŭͻȻͱƽˡ
սһҧѣ̵֭۾ͻȻ
ձǾͱ
-

588 

̾ݺݱ
սҡˣҪǲսҪͷȥˣ
ȵϣôߣ
߳ŭţͻȻսζܲսӣһһų
սƳһۣ治ɫóһӲݮԡ
óѵģζر𣬾ҪƤЩ鷳
Բݮء
һһر𷽱㡣
Ƥս̲ݮͻȻѶˡ
ԥһ˲ϰս̲ݮ˹ѻ
սؿѣ϶ռ䣬»һ̲ݮԡ
̣
˾ô̵سűĲݮͷظ
⵶Χñӣ̫Щɹ
⵶ȵûǺѹ֪үűˬĲݮ
Զֹһ̶Ӻǵˡ
սһ˵طӣ˵øһ
̼״˲
սȻ³ͷ֣սȻûѾ˴ţ
̵ɫʱˡ
ŵôҲ벻ôˡ
Ψ⵶³˼֣ȴ˵
ҪװԼʲô֪±߳ŭĳ̸˿ڡ
ûȢϱأҪˣҪˣ
ڳ̲֪⵶ĸ̡
Ӷսˡ
׷˽ȥѸ׷սսǰͷ
սͻȻǰˣֻһ
ҲСˣôɹƵģ
ĵǲ
ֻǱӰٷ֮С
ս̵ؿţôڳ̺ͷߡ
ǰͷĳ̣
ͻȻúЩô£
͵ػعͷÿսЦеؿıӰ͸ͽƵġ
̱ôһͻȻûڣ·սǹһ
ȻǷޣǡսܲһ㣡
ǲԼǸŮˣ
һձڿʲô
ս󷽷ؿ޵үĲ
̣
˲Ǻתǰߡ
ս׷ȥǲ˼˵ĿɶģҼõġ
⻰͵ͣŤͷ˫ս㻹˵ģ
սһ޹գգۣôˣֲϹӣȻܿ
ϻǰҽ˲֪ж١
ܿ
Ǹտأ۾ģΣܰġ
ǰôӰӾ磬˧粻֪ж١
ûֺðɡ
սֲɵȻЩ˵
ĽͣǺܲˣ㶢Щ˿ʲô
Щÿ
սظӣûǰֻǼԺãɨһ۶ܼסܹ𣿡
̣
ٴתߣ߱˵߳ǲȾǣ߷ɳҲ࣬ƽʱû¾ͱȥˡ
ʵڼţ
սŲæظߣǸҹЭе
ߵúܿ죬һ˺Ѹϡ
սȴߵʮɣȫǿӡ
Ļüһ
𾩳Ϣ̲סʵ֮ǰǰѵԶģ
˵ʵЩš
սȻӸȴ޶ˣƵġ
ʵû취һӡ
սǲ֪Ա˵ͷȻңȻѵбˣ
˳һۣɴͳһӸдĵãȥɡ
ԽԽˣﻹ֪ȳʲôء
ŲҪȥ
֪ݣҲͷ
½ȥͺá
˭أ
ʶסӹȥĲӣһĵã̷
ս棬Ҳֱˡ
ҪȥռﶼЩӣ˳һ磬ջЩء
ûйų̡
˭֪û̾׷ҪȥĶ
ս˸Ƿˣһȥ˯һԼȥæɡ
̾ǹģ뵽һ·糾͵ظ··ϻ֪˶ٿ࣬ʱͲˡ
ֻ뵽սסԺӣܿ˵Ժ̫ƫƧˣԺһסԺ
˵һս󣺡Ҵȥ
սɲסһſھܾá
Ļشģ鷳
սܾͻȻ˵߳вٵͽӡ
ս˲ĿڣҰᣡ
-

589 

ս˵ᡱʱصش˳̵ͦлġ
߳һ⺷˵˿˳̣Ҫ仨أ
Сĵ
սĻȴ˲Ц
ﻹͦ⣺ߣ㻹˵
սô˼ңһסԺͷ
ҵʱȡһ£ҪԼķ䡣
ȴ˵ԺֻһԷûжģܾˡ
սƵùǺ
ʵŸҲ࣬Ҽ򵥵úܡ
ûʲôҪġ
Ҳͼ·ˡ
սܿͰˡ
Ȼͽ˵ҪϢѳ̸˳ȥ
ҲҪæûǿսСȥĻֵ¡
ߺս̽˿ռ䣬ʼ鿴ռӡ
еӶ˼װɵļױͷиľӣװͷ
սеӶһ飬ӵͦģǷࡣ
ϾʱֻĶأҪӣҲÿһֶڸٽ
ʵϣܶҲֻ
ϻ޵ҪЩʮ
սڿռһ硣
ӵʱ򣬻ҵһֲܣͷȷ˵ˣϻһĶְ˵ʮӾУջǧһݡ
սܹʮӣ϶ֲ˶١
ʮӣǿǿĶء
ڿռĶȻԺϰĶʣµ
˾Ȫˮϡ
ȻڿռڳĶء
ĶڳҲݵòˣÿ֡
ȪˮЧܲȪˮݹ֮󣬲Ҫپרẉֱֵ̂С
Ķ󣬾ͳ˿ռ䡣
ƽԺĶյء
ֽһöԷĶء
ûҵܿ찲źˡ
߳ǵعϡΪ٣еĵظֲ
ɾҵĶյء
սȥһ£ʩ˵׷ʣŰȥ
ʣµѾ࣬ĶЩǿˣսġ
ӱ֣Ȫˮݹ϶Ҫ׳١
ֵ΢ϡһЩҲûϵ
ӣصؽϸš
¶Էӣ˵ݣҪڵĸߡ
߳פŲٱ߾Щ߾˴򽻵
߾ҪʤǣȻҲҪչս
ݾǸؼ
սһ˵ݣҲߣ˵ıĶصڿӣ
֪治ҪսٶʲôҲϸĶأǱ˭ˡ
սĵػ
ʱƽҲĽǰĶظˡ
սȴһ׮£һػ˷䣬˿ռͷ
ռļ紺¶ˬɱͷˡ
ǾԴӽռ䣬ԽԽˡ
սҪǲôǣռ䶼ҪǸˡ
ճ˾󣬲һɵҡϣʼԹӡ
˿֪Ϊġ

صҵʱ򣬶Щ겻ᡣ
ڼң겻ɫһӾͱˡ
šüͷĵؿôˣô겻ģ
ûʲôҡû˵Լһ˲õĴܣ
ſڣû˵ֻûʲô˵磬еȻطˡ
񱱼ȷʵ̫ãɫѿˣĶȥ򣡡
ˡϽס̫еɹһȥЪûˣ򡣡
񱱲̫⣬ֽ˵˴ֵúҩǿҩѺˣҲŲҪȡ
ȷʵϲҩŵ˵ͷ˵УȻȥЪţҪϻܣͱ
ûˡ
ֲܣֻǱŵ˶ѡ
һλĿιӾȻĽͺܲܡ
˵
ֲʲôĴһ˵ֻл
˵ʲôأ
ݸ߹ҪŪǾ͸һ򵥡
ѵѵܰ˾ȳ
̾˿һԼ䡣
ֻǻȥ·ϣ̲סֳսЦ
ÿ
ϧˡ
ԽԽܣɴ˵ڴϣñӰԴ
ֻûãȵܲˣϽְѱƿˡ
ͬʱ뵽޾ɵӣǾòġ
ˣҪŪȥʲôˡ
ƽǻģǵһôû
Ҫ˭۸ã
-

590 ǰӲ

ս̵ڿռ˻ӣֳ˵ɺ͹Ӷ
ȻְռѲһ飬ųȥˡ
һߣ̻һ𣬿ʼؿ
̾ûôˡ
Ժ뿪СĻ飬׼֡
õսдСϵַ
ĲϱȽ⣬ΪҪ֤¶ȣͨϸܲסôߵ¶ȡ
Բϵϸơ
̿߾õĵܶ඼Ǿ˻ڼãЩõĵԶˡ
սն͸Ӳܱˡ
Ҫ֪Դǰն߾Щ죬һ񶼱ˡ
ǰ˹ˡ
뵽Щ̲סһ⡣
նսִ͸ģŮĶı£
ԽԽ⣬ҲΪ߾ʲô
ǰûʲô÷ӣֵķӣȻܿЩˡ
߾̫࣬ȫ̫ʵʡ
ǿһϺõĸֵ齨һ֧رľӳ
սСϼصͦȫ棬̻ǲҵġ
漰ֺǴ£㶼ܴ⡣
ֱӻһط֣ΧصҲܣκ˶ܿ
һæǺü졣
Ϊﻹ˳룬һֱֵϢ˰شڵ⣬˶֪
Ķ̫󣬻˵ע⡣
Ȼ̽ʲôﻹһġ
ǣѾǰþһλ
̾Ϳʼڡ
Ҫ˵¸ûأ˴ţ
ǣפڹͷı˺üΣһ¾Ҹ̽̽ʵ
Եæµ˺ü죬õһֵͻȻó˾˴Ϣ

ϢĵһӦ
ֲǲ֪Щˣһֱɲͳʲôö
ԷʾҪˣҲƳȥ
ҪײҪ
ĥһĻ飬ǴӦˡ
ÿЩ˵ʲô㣡
ûԽӼЩˡ
ݣЩ˻ûʸԽӼ
ȻóǣԷȻһλӣ
£Ͳһˡ
ȻΪɶԷҲӣ̫ܲˡ
ȻԸ˵мĳ⡣
ҪԼС
Ϊ˽͵͵˵ӵײףɣ°ѱ
ǳԥһ󣬾ٰһᣬ̽̽Էʵ
ϲλԶӳľ˱߳ǴССĽĹ١
ս˵º󣬹Ͼμᡣ
ȴ̫⣬ս⡣
˵Щƽʱϴ裬һֳʲôÿģ
ս˻ǸʲôڿĻţ˱߳ôûûʽ¶棬ܲһֱŰɣ
һ˼ŲҪء
̻ǲӦ
սЩ˿ˣ
ݣҲУ
ؾܾУ˵ǳģҪڳǵ⣿
սǲãҿο϶߲ƣڳ˵ܰǵ
Ȼ̻ǲӦ
ִ˺һսǿƵؿһڣ̲ڴӦˡ
ֻɫһֱġ
ʱսɹó̴Ӧ󣬵Ҳûȥ׼
̵۶ôСҪȥ׼쵰϶Ҫڡ
˵ˣиĹܼȥţӵأ
ʱһζת۾͵졣
սװ磬Ȼų̳ϯⳡᡣ
̵ߣͦ
ˣλ
սЩ鷳ˡ
ݣȻڳԱߡ
ĻŵݣڳԱ߾Ͳ̫׵ˡ
ֲ̫Զ
սԭվ˳󣬳䵱һߡ
ȴ⣬̫ί
ӲλһСӣսǶ
λս֮󣬾ͷ˫۾˹Щڡ
˵ǰӲˣ
شأһĻȴ
µ˵ô
ڿɲݣ
սɫؿȥܾЩ˿ֵֹġ
ٿ̣ȻҲ
ԣɫԽԽˣ
ô£
ڸʲô
սüͷͻȻЩμⳡˡ
ھʱЩ˵ˡ
-

591 輧

սЩڣˣΣɫش߽Щˡ
ֻЩһõ׳һ׶ߣƤڣƵġ
ǰģǵӳľ
ľΨһӣӡ
ͷ硣
ս˳ľһۣøߴ󣬻ŹͭɫƤ
ͷ˺ܶСӣ֮ǰصϴŻɾ
ϵζ̫ЩԶŵ
ľ˺ӣһھ޼Ӳֻж̶̵ĺ磬ζʮ㡣
ǲսĴͻȻս˹ЦЦ
ս
̵ɫ˲ˡ
һʵǳľ
һ߸ϵóľЩȫɫ
ľȻЩӣΪ˲çײ
ȻΪ̵ɫȴֺܿЦ̧ۺʾش̣ǳ̣
ﻹЦһӾͰѳ̶ԱȳԸ³ç֮ˡ
£ڳĳ佫õؿľˡ
ǶԳЩҲı䲻ǵ
ν購ľѳ̲ȥڴڳгӵ
ľҲ
Ǳͳ׳ۿڳĳ佫ãԶԳľҲšŨü׺ݵؿ˹
ۿһӱýţ·һ̾Ҫ
ͻȻ˵ףʲôζ
ʱ䣬볯˵˿˹ȥ
ս
սϴЦ˵ĻȴһҲǶҸʲôûŵ𣿡
ˣ
ǵȻŵˣ˭һçײ˵ѽ

ĳ佫ЩͻȻӦǸĻᣡ
ֻûǿڣѾ˵ҲŵˣľһͶ˹ɧζ
̫ˡ
ľ׼ǸʱҲ̵ĻŤ
Ӳ࣬ͦ˧ֻɫһŤԵˡ
Ƿŭĺܡ
ͬ׺ݣȫĿⲻƵصų̡
·ʱᱩˡ
ʱսֶˡ
óһƿ̻ɫˮſ硣
ڳĳ佫˲±ƣ벻ͨʲô
ȴһӾͽ׷װѳľм䣬ߴﹾʲô
ս²⣬ǡӡ֮Ļ
Ǳмĳľ򶨣սƿӣƿ͸ˮв𶯲ѡ
֮ԹΪ̽ӴصϢ
̽˵ճ͸ɾӡ
ǾѾˡ
֮ǰó˾͵棬һ澵ӡ
澵Ӻ׸ĸۼȷյøϸ΢ëճ
ֻϧλԶھ֮УԵü
ι˳ֶ
˭֪˵еȻçײ˵
ľвм̲סս
˾Ǿ
һĻţȻܹǸλӡ
ʮֿء
ֻǣ˳Ҳ̫
һˣȻñǲԭϵŮ˻Σ
ľššüͷȻһѽΧƿ
ɲã˻ôô˵Ƥӵ¸¶
˲ᰴƿӣƿȻһƢζҲ֪ôġ
ѵƿװһرϣ
ǱƽõҪࡣ
˶ô
е˶γ̤ƽԭ
뵽ľֹ𴽽ǣЦһˬʡ
ʵ¿֪ƿװʲô
ʵÿȻ䣬̾ٴһƿˮѣľӺα˴С֣
ľ
˵ԼһҲС֣Ǳˣûϵ
ף⻰һ˵³ˡ
Цһԭˡ󷽵Ȼת˻⣺Ӵ˴ǰصظ˼ϣϲ
˵̧֣
ܿ죬һŮվڴϱ̧˽
ϴźɫĲ˹£󣬽Ϲźܶɫ
΢紵Щɫ׷׷١
սؿš
ֻŮűɴֻ¶һ˫˵üۡ
֫¶ͷƬ֬ѩɫô¶ͷ
˫Ҳ¶ţָȾ˺ɫ˰ɵȻ
ս۾ЦЦؿȻɵ
-

592 ŵ˼

һ輧ɫ졣
ĳǷ׷üͷƲĿ⣬˷ףԸ࿴һۡ
佫ȴǵ۾󷽵ؿ輧ڴʲô
ľҪעǳ̵ķӦ
ȴ֮ɫһŮˣ
ľ̽ӴϢϸϸų̵ɫϵ٣ﲻֹ
̽ӴصϢ˵̲ŮɫһѲȢ˸
ȻɻûãͶ˱߳ǡ
СϢ˵ʵϲˡ
ľһʼţʱų˼֡
ɣ̲ϲˣŮˡ
Ȼ˼ôһмϲģ
뵽̲סսȥ
ԽԽŹ֡
һò
һĻţλã
̰Ѳɡʵǳ̵Ľ
뵽ܣľսͱˡ
˼޵
ͬ顣
һˣ㳤ñŮ˶ÿǴƷһ£Ҳ̫
ľһǸ棬ͻȻáЩȡ
ŵ˲ɫҲҶ࿴սٿȥԼͱòˡ
ֳ輧ȥ˵֪ţǱӵá
ǲԭƯŮˣ赸챾صشΪһ֧衣
䣬輧վڴһ񣺡ż¡
˵꣬ͻȻֱ̧س̿ȥ
Ȼ񣬵һ˶ֵס
˭֪̲Ϊͷ˵㲻Ҫ𣿿űʲô
˲ػһڣɷ羰Ц
һֵ佫
һŭĿӡ
ҲĳüͷĿ⸴ӵؿ۳̺ս
սобð
ѾµЩڵʲôˣһƫֲ˵ɴ˱Ĺӣ˵س
ʱûϲˣ϶˲ˮġ
Ψսͳ̵ϰ˱̺ʹӡ
ֱĿŵظ߱ˣ
Ҳû˸ʡ
Գ̸޼ɵ
ս͸ˡ
һ߳Źӣһߴ輧뿴赸ǲôƯ
ôǴִģʲô赸û
輧ĵǺܲ
ҲȻ
һǻѪĳࡣ
ĸǸ˹輧
ľȴԵ˳࣬벻һĸġ
ȻŴ裿
ǣȻ˶Ǵӡ
սͬؿһۡ
׼Ӷţ
ʲô

Ϊ֪ľ˵ˣ̺ܿǸϲ˵ı̬
裬ʵȴ̡̽
ɫֻҪǸˣܲġ
ҪһģǾͿ϶ϲˣ
ڿ̾Ǹ̬
Ǹˡ
вŮѵ𣿾Ȼϲˣ
ǸٺÿҲǸӲˣ
ֲӣʲôã
ǣȻ
ΪʲôǸɫ˵ˣ
ϲΣȢ
˵ǸǸƲ磬֪ϲû˺кꣿ
뵽Цѣսڿһˡ
ڳԹӵս
ѻʲôë
ŵġ
Ѳɣͦܳģ
Ҳǣò庹ֻҪӣȻú
˼ô
ս︹̣ûƽϡ
ſŮأƻˡ
źܿ쿪ʼ衣
Ϲ˺ܶһ趯ЩͶͣͦġ
ս֣ŵ輼ȷܲǾġ
ô󷽷شû̵ֳѾԽԽڡ
һֱ۲̵ĳľһʱ䷢ˡ
ͺܸӡ
Źһ̵̽ϲ˻Ůˣ˼ơ
ϲŮˣŵɫ϶ܹס̡
ϾԶھǣûŮˡ
Ҷˣʲôģ
̽̾Ȼϲˣ
ľ˵ʧֻ
ɳ̼Ȼϲˣ˼òˡ
ľȻֻ˽ﻹЩʧ
˭֪ȻֱضŲţǶ˼
̫˼ˡ
ǳԴ˰ɣ
̫ˡ
˼ƣҲǲá
λģСһû뵽ӾȻô
Ϊ̵ĽȻҵų̵棬Ů˲ţ
ⲻ˵ϲʵŮˣ
-

593 ŵ

ľµ⣬ܿ⡣
Ҳ֪¼ãҪ˼˳ʵʩͱͼ֮
Ҫ̫ˣó̲ףǾ͵òʧˡ
̴ʱȻǲЩƣѾ챻ˣ޲˰Ǹ輧ӳȥ
һŮ˾Ȼô¶ֱ˷ף
ֵǣսȻţ
Ůʲôÿģ
ģȻڿ
̿Ҫըˡ
̫ȣսҪװ֪С
εתͷü˳һۣôˣ
˫ðص㻹ʣ㿴˭أ
һĻ˿ٴֹˡ
Щĳսڿʲô
Ǳ;ó̫бЩЩϲ
ȻѰ·ϲһˣ͸Ƿˡ
佫ǵǿøЩϾӪﶼˣֲûС
ҵ˵棬ǾҲʱ˵
ֻĿӵؿսҪĵϸ
һߵĳľ˾Ͳһˣ˵ģǶֻ
輧赸ȴ˼졣
û˼衣
ڹע̺սüĿ顱
սط֣˿ӹˡ
ɫתת飬ֲ˶ڴûô裬ﲻͬ
ʲôë
ûô
úÿ裬һʲô
ʲôÿģ
ս򴽣衣
˵߲ƣɲò˵輼治
ֻϧе⣬Ȼ衣
սź̾˿
һһ赸
սЩǣҲ֪˶ϡ
ʱŨŨɢʵ̫Ѭˡ
ս񣬼㲻ȥǿҲܲôŨζ
̲סȣ˺üӣѬ˵ζȿ
һĻͻȻ𴽽Ц
ľ״ͻȻֻˡ
ϸսһۣǰǰŲţЩͿһûá
Ǹ
Ŷ˼أ˭֪ûʼžͰˡ
Ҳ̫ˣϵζܺţȻ
ǹİɣ
ľɵؿ˿սͳ̣ԭڵɫѾת磬ǻЦ⣬ﲻӺ
£òǱ˵ˣ˰ɣ
ľԽԽ
Ҳսˡ
֮ǰľ͸˵Ŀģ֪ľ˼ƣʵǺܷеġ
ֻĸֻǸ˹輧˵ܳһЩӣɵλȫܸľĸȡ
ľĸǿĲ壬λȻҪĸߵöࡣ
ǲԭϵŮ˶ߣλͲӡ
ȻǸŮλȴҪȳľ͵öࡣ
ḷ̌Ǹģûзԡ
ﲻԸҲֻܹԹ
̺͸⡣
󣬻ôÿܹΪŮˣҲõԺ󱻸޸ЩҰˡ
ǸģΪʲôϲˣ
Ů˲
żֱҪˡ
սУ־սǸ**ù⣬ĥԺʰ
ɽأ
裬˾Ȼҵô˵
ô幫˲Ǹг裬Ҳ۸
ŭܿһơ
ǳ̵г裬λãĿǰܳ衣
һǿڣҪϼѡ
ԣӳ
ãھǸᡣ
뵽ȳ˸ȻͻȻ̧ͷֱؿսЦ˵ǲԭϣп˼Ҷ׼͸裬ӭԶĿˡ
λղһֱ裬ҲǸи֣֪ɷһҲʶһϵصĸ裿
⻰һ̡žһıӣԳȫ㣡
ľ״Ͻվ£Сñ軵ˣӣһ
ս⻰ЦЦؿһۡ
ľȻЩǸ˵ʲôűɺ軵ˣóͶ
ŵĵӵǲСȻ衣
ǸǣЩ˸ҿ
ȻҲ˳ľв֮⣬мؿľĿɭ䣬ɱȻв
-

594 սڿ

ľһһҪɱ˵ӣͻȻ´鱨һ֮һӾɱһƬ
뵽ľʶŤͷδˡ
˵δĶǾʿҪǳóǰ֮Ƕģ
ľһ뵽ܣͻȻ;ûѪҺ·ˡ
ϽȵˣӵȻû˼Сȷʵ̫ЩӦܷ硭ͷԸλƣǸΣ
˵ЩģҪ˼ơ
⻰һ̵ɫˡ
۾˳ľһۣҲ
£ؽشһסˡ
ľϾӣҪǱ̸ˣɾɴˣ
ҴææվȰ̱嶯
ȻûڣѾ˵Ź˵òλԶүȷӦþ֮꣬
⻰һ˶˵˿ȥ
˵ս
Ҳֻɫѿˣô裿
սҿ϶仰ҧ˵ġ
Դǵ˵ү˵Цˣĳӣֲ輧ܵ裿
źͳľ⻰üͷ⻰ֵֹġ
˵ˡ
ȻѧѧȴǺһʱû⻰ͷصļ
ڳȻ˳ŵ񶼲ˡ
ľ˻һĪڳЩĳ佫;úЦ
ղ˵ǷĿɲǳ̡
Щĳ佫Ҳˡ
Ȼս˳ۣΪǳ̵г裬ɵԼˡ
žȻá裬Ǵ˵
ǸƻģȻ˻ȥ˳סûѳľɱˡ
˰˿ս˷⡣
ֻ뵽ݣ˻̲סҡͷ
ţͻȻٴηѣЦһ˵Ҫʢһ˵˲ܵ裬ì𣿡
Ȼûսаصļȴֱضսϲ
οûս·ʯأ˳ƪ
㷢ѡ
սȴ˿û⡣
һ۾Ϳ¡
ã
Ǿһˡ
˭ô
սܿ˵ʲô˼ȻҪʢȻóС
ĳ˵Ӹս·ͻλռȻˣβ³һȣ
ĳΪӣǺŹ裬۸ŮӣӮˣҲʤ֮䡣
ͱսʤ˫ÿһָһˣҲһ˱֡
үóעȣλΣ
˵սֿ̣үҲˣӺŹԶŹ裬үҲóǣɲСˡ
űһսô˵˷ܵشӦã취
ҿˣȻǸӣղ˵㲻ܸұȣҸʿ
ԼȻģܲӱɣˣʹʹ춼һ
սϹȻ˼
⻰һش˾;ˡ
սӦشһվԣ岻ʣԵ¾ˣǽ˰ɡ
ϷŹǧѷĻ᣿
̷УȣģҪǲȣҲ̫ûˣ
սüͷһ̫ԸӣȻŹô˵ˣĳ͸ʿһȺˡ
׼̳ԣ±׼Եòģ
Ŷʱˣһţ˵ȣҺ͸óһƥսע
˵Щڣֻسľȥ³ľԡ
ľʱЩԥ
սһֻۣССģʿԶˡ
ϸ첲ϸȶģ

ôܣ
ԥһ˵սעԣǱóսǲҲóͬĳ⣿
üĶˣҪʲô
ľ״ͳЦ
Ϊ̶ϲԭҲˡ
һƥսѣĶˡ
Ц֮ܿ˵ϲ˵ĵԸóһǧѵעⳡԱӾӦˡ
ⲻܣԸС
£ľٴԥ
ȻҲǱⶫǸϲ
̵ӣҪĻǲ̫ס
-

595 ȱ˭

ľƬ̣ǲŹǧѷĺûᡣ
ĹУã˵Ǳˡ
Ľ˺ܲıҪǵĸá
ҪܹӳŪǾ̫ˡ
ܹڲ⣬ܺݺݿӳһء
̲ͷи̫Ӵ硣
̽ӴϢ̸̫ӵĹϵɲô
ҪӦⳡľ֣˱λ̫ӴǲŹ
뵽ľƳսһۡ
εһСʿĶ֣˾
ðնһء
ľܿ˵Ը⽫ɱӾͿѳӵƥս
ϧ̲ϵɼֵֻܡȻҪģβˬЩԸóһƥսģҲѹϵȼ۵
ľЦһƥս˵Ц
ֲɵóһƥսģ
̲мؿҲˣһƥսˡ
ľ֪ڼɻǾϻģֱڱӵǿܸ߳С
Ȼô˵
ľҧҪȴԲ³ç£ˣԲŹ
һ̲ס˵һƥսȷСĿԶλϳҺ͸Ըӡ
ľһ͵سſȥ
ߵߣС͵磬ǧѷĻᡣ˲Ǹг裬ܻʿĶֲ֣䣬óһƥսעʲôϵ
ľԥ
ǱʤĶľ֣ôȷ
ǣֲɵӡ
Աľ֣ôԸģ
ľɲѳ̵ɵӣ˼һ󣬾žں֡
Ȼ̺ܿЦ㵱ɵӣ
̫䣬űһĻţæ˵ˣֻ˵λԽߵˣλҲԽߡ
λλ˿ǰصĴӢۡȻ˿ΪβԸıأ
λģȻô˵ǼаյģΪβһֵĻ᣿
Ҳ֪ԼЩçײˣȻ˳սȥ
ֻҪӮⳡԣԳûг裬´󹦡
ʱ򣬸϶߿һۣ
ʾ֭˵һó޷ܾĻ
˵սΪʵǸλӣҪǳ̲ӦⳡԣǷˡʵ
̵ɫͱ÷ǳѿ
һҪܾȴֲ֪ξܾӡ
ʱս˵Źŵùĳ
ͷһĪЩĻţʲô
սǫĳүһʿˣ˵ЩȭŹȴ޷Ტۡ
һ⻰Ϊǻæ˵ѲӣүλãѵͲóʵ֤Լ
ٴ˼
սô˵úЦ
ŵ˵ûǷЩ죬˵öˣ͸ŹˣΪ
㼤˵治ʲô
ڵģȻܱЩˡ
սƬ̣ҧ˵ĳһ˱ֻǡĳ˵˸սʿ
ĳһʿһ˱̫ԿˣĳˣָүŹƽ⣬ӦòĳΪѰɣ
üͷΣ
ǾԲŹõĻᣡ
ս˵ĳһ˱ע͵øĸġһƥսֵҲ̫Щôүɲ½ԣĳϣѶעһƥսֵĻ
£ɳľžˡ
ɵĳ佫Ҳͦᡣ
ͬؿսá
ľһǾһǱȣѻʯ
ܻЩ˵Ķ֣
ֱں֣
ڻе֪֮ѶעˣȻҪô֪˿϶ŭ
һƥսֵĻҲа
Ǹʲô
ͬʱҲڸľС
һСֹһ߿ս
Ǿһѡ
һǸǾͲԼʿˣ
źܿ˵ҪҴӦˡ
սȴûǿųľӵ˼أ
ûŵĻ¡
-

596 Ĭؿ

ɫ࣬սĻҲֻš
òײźƵսӦⳡĶľ֣ۿžҪɹˣɲΪһʱԣ
ź޺޵صսһۣȻֿųľ
ľѾˣʱȻͷҲǱӵ˼
˵̣꣬˼أ
ûڣɫȴǳѿƺԸӦⳡľ֡
ľż״Щˡ
Ź˵ȰȰ̫Ը⡣
Щֻĵ⡣
ս̣үĳһӡ
⻰;ˣôҲû뵽ĵӾȻô
ô˵棬Ȼӣ
Ϊ˭ֵǮ
ֱؿսˡ
սɫһףҧ˵ĳˣȻүã
̳ĬŲ˵ֻؿ
һӱ
شԥһ£ȰȡⳡϷıԡ
ֻǻûڣͻȻЦܺãԼ˵ģȻȣ͸ᣡ
˵꣬ⶨ飬óľӡ
ľһѾˣӡ
ǧѷĻᣬǴˣԺɾˡ
ſǩԶսиΪ⡣
ܿʵԵʱ򵶽ۣô죿
ƺˣһ⻰ЦȻҪǾȥ
Ϊ˵սиΪ⡣
ǳľ
Ҳˣɲô档
һˣ뷴ô죿
Ȼүô˵ǩ״˭˻ˣһ鷳
⻰һȻ̵ɫˣ·ʱᱩɱˡ
ľ״ЩԼçײ
һʱѡ
žͱֱӶˣֱӶս˵أ
սɫףҧû˵
һиΪ⡣˵ԵʱˣԸǩ״˰ɣ
˶٣˵ģʿսǾ㵽Ϊֹġ
ս򴽣ĳԸǩ״
⻰һ̵ɫȻǸѿ
ȻһֱȴûȰս˿ڸս
սڣܿд״
սսʿǩ֡
սһ˱սʿȴˡ
Ͼ漰һƥսĶעսһǸľҲҵġ
ǩ״󣬱ԺܿͿʼˡ
ռ䲻תƵ䳡
ȥ·ϣشûߵߣСʵүҪ˱𣿡
̺ǳãѵҪŲɣ
شԽͷϣһΡ
Ọ̇̄ɳͷϣȥ
Ҳֻλܹ
ֻ뵽Ǹ߲ƵŹشͺܲ
Źǩ״϶ûҪΣˣ
䳡ܿ쵽ˡ
ȱȵģ
ͬʤ
Ե˿˭ĳɼã˭ʤ
еľҲͬԽԶԽ׼ɼԽá
μⳡԵʿǸ󺺣һӲмƳսһۣһѳӣ¶ʵĸ첲׾ٱ˹ҡ
ǳǱҶ
һ첲ϵļ͹С
սûߣҲû׳ʵС
õĹǷǳƯ
󺺿۾ˣﻹߴ˵ʲô
սԲ֪˵ʲô
˷룬Це˵˵ĹƯ㳤̫ˣСҶ
սƳһֱۣŹߵԶİǰ
˼״۾Բˡ
źͳľҲˣսѾˡ
Ǹ̫ԶˣǹҲûаܹУȻȥʲô
Ѳ֪Լ϶䣬̫ѿԲŹô
ţ϶
ҲսĶȾһ£Ȼмǣҡ
еӲԶģȴܹյԶ롣
룬аܹкġ
Զûˡ
ЩǽƻŪôԶİӣ϶ѿ
ӲԶģˣӮҲƯ
-

597 û뵽

ıǿ˽թһ󣬺֧ܿ˹ҡ
׼Ӻָһɣʸ˳ȥ
һЦ̲סսȥ
СԶİӣҪСҪô
һ;ˡ
ÿսſ֣ʸХŷ
ǼƿȻղʱҪ
˵սոһղһ
ôܣ
˲ǸС
Ķô
ȻǺܴһ˲䣬ַǳõԤУֱʲôطԾ
һֱŵĳľҲɵˡ
ոչæûеһʱעսԿòǺ
Ƕˣ
ղſսԶİӣҲ뷨һΪΪ˸ԼһЩ棬ŹԶİӡ
䲻УĻ䲻УͶˡ
ҪԶģ䲻УҲôˡ
˭뵽СȻ׾˹ңѼ˳ȥ
ЩˣѧȴôıУȻȴǿҲ䲻˶Զ
սɹ˼ȻܲȴǴ˼ֽңϣսѰС
ɳľͲһˡ
ļȻȲϹȴҲǿö࣬һ۾Ϳսղһһ㣡
ľսȥһû˼ȥܹˡ
ļ֪ģ϶ܹС
Ȼ
սһԶԶ󣬺ܿ˺ģ
ȻЩԶò̫ǹƾǵģӰӣҲܿսһġ
ľһӳȥ
ʱҲˡ
Լȥһͬ˺ġ
İҪЩһӮˡ
Ũüǳζ
ļõģھȻһСȥ
Ժôˣ
Уʣµȥˡ
СûоͰˣҪӮһ׾١
СѾӮһ֣ӮȻ䶨ˣ
뵽Ͼӡ
ĹȻڵسս߹ȥ
ߴﹾ˵ʲôȻսҲܲ³ʲôû
ٴε˷룺˵ǣֱû°ɣ
ʵ˵ǡСӡž̫ˣһ¡
ֲɵۿսˣܿˣ
ڻֻҪֵúãɿԷ̡
յģոôһ˭ֱ֪ۻܲã
˵ֻһѾأ
ʱߴﹾһ䣬ٴη˵Ϣһ£һ
սƳһۣʲôҲû˵ÿλá
˼״вԼͬһĨй⡣
òᣬյ治˰ɣ
ľ̹˹һ˵ùȫԸֻӮ䡣
Ҳôġ
ĻᣬһҪӮ
뵽̲סңⳡľʤȻĻղһѾˡ
Ȼжң˾жڡ
ǱΪɣ˭֪ȻӮˣ
ϧȻһѾӮˣ
Ǹ
Ҫ֪Ȼı£ǺαҪʤأ
ںòӮһòĲ˰ɣ
Ҳǣôݣ϶ܸǸȡ
ȻղӮһһֱѾ˵ˡ
뵽˸ˡ
ǱԻûֻܸɿţʲôҲ˵
ǣڳɫ죬һĿʱʱسսȥ
սȴ治ɫֻŹվһԣۿŹ
ȻЩţ˿Ȼһ֧ϡ
ҲȻԽԽҶűˡ
۾ԶļУ˶ɿļ
ʸХ˳ȥܿ˶ļУ
ȻԶĲرԼܿһӦкġ
һ˼طɱ˹ȥܵ濴һۺ󣬺ֱֻܿ۷ɱ˻
ߴﹾ˵ʲô
һֱ߸˲˻ȥ磬ˣ
ľȻҲˡ
˿ȻֶԹ˵ʲô
˺Ц
ս²⣬ľ˵ӦǼĻ
˵ŵʲôʹ͡
ʲôҲû˵ֻŹ׼ȥ
˭֪ǹͻȻ֧ʸ׼
ʣµһҲˡ
սɫһĿⲻõؿŹ
˵ӲС
-

598 ڴ

ʱͻȻ˵ֱںܰɣϢһù֧Ҳˡ
սЦһȻˣҾ͵źˡ
Щ˻ǹЦģһʼΪ䣬͹ڿȥ
ڷʵֵӮⳡԣǿʼˣ۶
ϧСֶΣ
ǿܣ
СϷĿѵס
ȻЩԼǾ͵ƺˡ
źͳľŵؿһ⵷ҵСӣս̲סЦ
ȻмȥⳡԣӮֻ
ֻٴνеļʸܿ˳ȥ
Ȼ֪ûʲôԵʣһͻȻ֧ܵţ׼ͷֱӾˡ
һ˰ϡ
عͷ
£ľ˵ɫ˲ѿ
Ȼɴǿǵɴ˫۾ܲµ˿̵ɫ϶͸ˡ
źܿô㣬ոմˣ
ʱһֱûڵĳͻȻЦǵ̫ãľӸòô䲻ɣ
ľɫѿˡ
ô˫۾ţ뷴ڣʱҲֻҧ
Ȼ䲻𡣡
ľҧ˵⻰Ȼֺݺݵһۣţ֣
ű׺ݵһȻﲻʣȴ˵ʲô
ľֿߴﹾ˵һͨ
˵󣬹Ź˻ȥ
սƳһָֻۣ߬ˣһʵúܡ
΢΢˹ǣȻ󷽷˹ȥ
·ûǳ˰ֱӴ
Ѿ꣬һ͵ڶкģΨе׼ͷˣֻ˰ӵıԵ
ɼȻ㲻Ϻá
Գľ˵ɫ쳣ѿ
սû䣬һѾ˺ġ
ʣˣȻ䶨ˡ
ۿս׾ңֱ۶ûһ£źͳľͬʱ
Ǹոջսһʱֱۣڿˡ
ŲĿŵңսٴкģֻܰź磡磡
ݡһսļ
Ųź˫۵ɵùԲ
˶ؿţĿ׷Ÿո֧
Χһ˿ҲûУʸʱļХ
ʸܿ˰ӣ͸ղһкģ
һĻľ˵ȫȥɫһһѿ
ս˺ģ㲻䣬ҲӮˡ
ľ˵ɫܹÿŹ֣
ȻĻں档
ʱԶļϣͻȻһ֧ȥ
ֻΪԶ̫ȥ֧
ǳľ˵һ뵽һܣܿ˷ܵ˵ոպ֧ȥˣİɣ
ľ˹ȥ鿴
ͬʱҲһȥ
һǰһ󵽵ġ
Ȼһٶȴ˸졣
˼ʸ󣬺ַܿɱ˻
ȵ
һ͸߸߾ļʸ˵үȥǹʿļ
˱õļʸ˴ˢ˲ͬɫ
սļʸˢǺɫļʸˢǺɫһ۾ܿ
Ϊܵÿ죬Լʸ˻
ʱѼʸ߸߾˶ؿӡǡ
ľɫһӱ÷ǳѿ͸˲Ӭһ
ƫƫ̻ϷŹ˵Ź´ˡ
⻰һոջĵһӣֻسľſȥ
ֲɵῴһֱֻ
ڴ˰ɣ
ߣã
ľߣֻ߷̲סһۡ
ҪŸղź˵˵ô˶
Ҳ𾪻ˣ뱳Ÿ
ĵλͲߣҪǳľ¹ͷϣԺкӹ
ŭؿô£ڰϾȻܵ
ҧ˫۵ȥļʸһֱû˵
ʱս˵֧
ͬкģ
ľѾ뿴ˣȻŭǣսĵ֧аӺ󣬰ֵһ֧
ûǹһ֧
ʲô׵ģ
ǹģ
ùļôǵ
ؼǣ˾Ȼͣ
ʵж£
뵽ľ;һĳ˹ȵס
ȴǾƵģ˽Ӻ͵ļȡ˹
Ȱù˶ˡ
֧֧˵ϣֻʣһ֧Ǻõġ
ǡ
-

599 

ľȡУֻۡ
⿴ʸڰϵģܿ˵Բࡣ
Ψһõ֧Կͷȫû˰棬ֻ¼ͷɼһж
ٿսеǸӣ֧Ȼȫ˼Уֻ˰ͷ
ӵľҪȹеǸҪԶ˵ʸ֮󣬻ΪԵʣٶԽԽ
ԽԶɵ˺ԽС
սİҪȹİԶö࣬ʸȴ˰ӣɼж
û뵽ǣ֧ĳ̶ȾȻȫһ
ĿδҲ̫ˣ
ٿļڰµĺۼûܻӡ
̫ˣȫһ浹ѹ
ǣָ׳սȴǸְݵС
˭Ҳû취󣬡ı˿¡
һʱ䣬˿ս񶼱ùֵֹġ
Ҳ΢΢Բ۾
ȻͲµս϶ӮȴҲû뵽ӮôƯ
ؼǣҲ̫ˣ
ͻȻ;ûʹ
𾪲ѵʱͻȻشⲻܣ϶ڸһСôܻôǿ
⻰һɫŹ˼ǣڳ˶ɵӺϹӣʹõļʸͰӶǼģѵĿ֮£ֽţ
ŵô˸£˵ʲôľһѣţɺ˵˵
ľɫ쳣ѿ
ҲԸһģʵǰô˫۾ţ˭ֽţ
οⳡľʤ
ǵһְˡ
ˣҲʲô
֣еǻӮ
յĿҪһ˱֣űһ֣ҪǸݰıԾܲ
Ҫǲݰ˾Բ
ôᣬѾӵ˿µļԻΪв
ľ뵽һڵøƵġ
ܿ죬ּЦˬضս˵Ȼ˲¶࣬
һֵıԣǹˣļʵñӹĿ࿴ֻǲ֪ǲҲô˾ޣ
սЦһǫ飺ĳһʿ˵նԣȴѧòϣóľʧ
ľˣ
Ȼ̫ʲôȴǸɵӡ
ôã˵ѧò
ľҧҧȴߵΪ׳ʿߣСֹ˼䣬ԺҪ֣һս
й׶ߣƤڣƵġ
⿴ǿŵĸӺ׳ʵļ⣬ܿ˵ʵԲһ㡣
ս͸Ƶġ
һ˽ۿžҪʼڶԡ
شۼʶսĸ߳ļ̲ס˰֮ġ
ۿ߲ƣǸŹƺڸ飬͵͵սߣСаգ
ǸǸʿ˵ҳʮֲбϲְѵ˻˺飡
ûаգֱ䣬ʵ
ս˵أҲЩ
شҪȰͻȻûһ䡣
ϸһǳڿĿ쬵ģҪɱƵġ
شŵݺһ̲סɣλʲô˼ѲǶҪ֣֮
뵽ܣɫ쳣ѿ
ļǴӾһɲܰװ˺ˣ
شȥȰȰ̡
ֻûڣͱסˡ
شһæŤͷȥͬźѡ
üͷΪסС˵һӢȻͬⳡľ֣аա
Сشˡ
شһ£ü˼һܿعζ
֮ǰҲΪڶŻ嶯֮ͬ˶ľ֡
ڿǶƭˡ
뵽ܣս
ȴ治ɫ˿Һͽŵģ
شĶʱЩڴıԡ
ܿ죬ս͹̨
ŤŤӣȻָĿ׺ؿսֿЦһײС
ʱͻȻ˵һԵȭŹ˶˵Ķ԰ɣ
սƳһۣľľҲ˼𣿡
˵һ֣ſǼˡ
Ҫľֻô˵
ǲҲҪһҪƤ
ľʱЩΪѡ
һӮǣһܱʾôЩ
Ѿһ֣һǾԲˡ
ⳡʤҪǿɾͳˡ
-

600 ɱȫ˲䰲

ľðգҧ˵Ӻڴı֡
ĬŵĻ
ô˵˿ֵҲڴı֡
սЦЦȻλô˵ĳλʧ
˵꣬Ŀһת
ֻһЦͻȻս˹ȥ
˭֪˵֣սͻȻʧԭء
ţֻǰһȻһɾͻȻײؿϣײõ˳ȥ
ɵۣ𾪵ؿŹ׳˶ͻȻ̨ϵ˳ȥһֱʮԶڵϡ
ҵõ涼ڲ
ٿսվ̨м䣬Ͼص˵°ϿĻҳ
ȫ˲䰲
һİͻȻⲻܣ㵽׶ʲô
սһЦ֪ĳ֣Źɻ⣿˵λʿˣĳҲЩ
˲˵Ǳ˿ס˲ӡ
ľ۾·޲սɱˡ
κͻȻ𵹷ɳȥĹϽȥôˡ
ʱս˵ԣĳӮ𣿡
˷ܵЦ̨䣬һȻӮˡ
ľŲʵص۾ȴ֪η
Ϊ˵ûֱԣ˭һ̨˭ˡ
̨ɳȥôԶڻڵһȻˡ
û
ʱܹȥʿͻȻɱ˹һŭسųľֹ˺һ
һ˵һ߷ŭصս׼սѰ
Ļٴμ㾹Ȼɱ˹
ս治ɫֱ׳˵Ź˵𣿱Եʱôĳˣ
ŹԼ˵ģ뿴ĳı֣ĳڹǰ˳һʱţֱЩǹĳ޻˵
˵꣬شվ˵˵ûһûء
ҲŹͳľǰúñһ棬ԲȫԸ
״ǩˣ͵ð֮⣬̨͸׼˷ŭѵʿ䲻ô
ű˵
Щ˹Ȼƻúܣһһ˵Ҫ˵ȥֻ㡣
ֻسľȥвĵ˵磬ǿ϶ǹģ
ľݺݵһۣ죡
ֲɵӣῴЩǹģ
ˣʵ̫թˣ
յģΪƭϵȻαװɳ̵г裡
ҪǴݣôôң
˵ʵȷʵС˭Ϊ̽ûϢ
øСƵģʵȻ˿£Ǹ
У˾Բ뷨ɱ
ľ뵽ش˵ʤѾӮ֣ʣµһ֣Ͳñ˰ɣ
شҲɵӮ֣ʵ˾ޡ
ûһö϶뷨ӶԸ
ɲܸᣡ
ڳĲ˶뵽㣬Է׷׳Ը͡
ľûڣǳʹ˸ɫ
źܿ˵УȻ˵֣Ǿ͵ðֱ꣡սǿδػ䣡
󲻹شô˵Ҫ֡
⼤սôһֱ˵˰ɣ
սһۣȴûӻʳľľһֱ˵Ҳ𣿡
ľԭû㿪ڣȴսȻֱ
Էֱˣܼܲװư͡
ľεʼ磺ŴС߻ˣǹܲסȻ뿴սˡ
ǰѹ˦š
սͲµô˵ͬؿһۡ
ô磬ǹùġ
ȻЩҪֺαؾܾ
սüͷȻˣǾŹͳľĿԴˡĳȥ·иǡ
һߣľҲһʿȥսס
һӺսװ˳
ﻹ˰ϸĵ
ľһۿĵҪƽʱõĵ
ͷһϽʣ㿴ǰѵǳ̵ǰ
ǣȫһҡҡͷ˵ǰѵҪö̫࣬ϸˣһͶˡ
ľ˿
ֿȫװʿĿеĵͣһֲɫת˿Сʵ׼𣿡
-

601 

ľµ˵ͷͬ˿ʿĵȻѹ޵˵ӷģѾ׼ˡյֻҪˣˣ
ľЦЦܿʵҩЧûᷢ¾˷֣
ЦݣǲֵᷢģҩһºŻᷢʱյˣʲôϵ
ľ˿Ǿͺã˺ò׿ͨ˻У¶ܸ°ѱ
³ĬƬ̣ͻȻʵӣⳡľѾˣѵҪһƥսҲ̫ˣ
ľ⻰ɫһӱ쳣ѿ
ֺγԸ⽻һƥս
鶼ǩˣ˵ĵ̣ҪǷڣ˿϶Ź
ǳ̣а
Ҫɱ䣬֪Ҫж
һƥսȷСĿǴˣȻ˳̺յһµ壡
ǸյĵҲǻóȥΪȻϧԽݣαװɳ̵г衣
Ҫǲ´˵ݣ̲µ壿
һȥЩֵǿ϶ûڸǰԣ˵Ļ
СĲС
ľ뵽ȴ˲
ôСģľֶѾˡ
һƥսó͸̣һؾ͹ȥ
Ҫǲó̿϶Ź
ܹ˳յģܹһ
յ̫ƻˣʵǿǲûԺȻΪĸ󻼣
ԣ
뵽ľٴγսȥ
սǰϸĵ˳ǣЦЩ䡣
ʱսʿѾֱ
βսʿΪ³һĴӣ׳˶ϻźɫףŸͷƵġ
սһ䣬Ȼ˹
³ǰ䵶˹õ
սĵҪö࣬էһ͸һǹƵġ
ۿŰ³ɱսѸٰγ˵
ڵϣĺ⼸ҪϹ˵۾
ԭгĳľڿսеĵͻȻַǳõԤС
ԱߣųϵˣһĽŵ÷·Ҫ
ﲻͣСֹɱɱһҪɱ
ľˣȴûᡣ
Ҳڽţ޲ð³еĵ̿սϡ
յ̫аŶĵҲ̫ˡ
³е䵶ȴûôܳԿ
ľЩա
ø³һġ
䵶ô࣬ҪյĿɲס
ڣֻܼϣڰ³ˡ
ȫĺ֣Сͻˡ
յľ϶³
һ³Ϳյģõˣ
ľڴš
ȴ֪³ʱҪˣ
ôҲû뵽øСһսϾȻ˿£
ƯøƵģ˸ĸоʵ̫ˡ
ֻ棬ëȻ֮У
³÷ɿ죬̫ˣ̲סץץĵ
ˡ
㳡رͲŶԷɱȥۿžҪˡ
³ؿսĵ̽սϿȥ
֪ΪʲôǰѵĸоǳΣա
һ;඼ڲͷƤһ顣
ԣھ䡣
ǲУһῳյģ
˵ˣյ̫ƻ϶ΪľС
ԣһ
ڣĻˡ
³뵽ŵ̿ˮ
ȻǿѹеĿ־壬Ŭսƽ
տһսǰϸĹֵͻȻͳ˹
ֱĵ
ͻȻһɼ˫鷳
Ҫץס˵ĵɳȥˣ
³һθܵսĿ¡
ƴץŵ۾ؿսȴսɫĮȻһƬĮ
ýˣ³ؿսģ
սµ٣ٴξãʵǿ¡
øƵģȻ˿źͺ£Ψ޾Į
񣬶ڿһ
³ݺҧҧͻȻĵشһٴλӵս˹ȥ
ȻսĶ죬ĵܳȴؿ׾ٱٴ˰³ĵҺĳŰ³ĲӴ˹ȥ
ĵת˲³Ǳĵ⣬ž룬ȴܵǿҵĴʹС
⵶÷
ѸٸпһȻԥش󺰣䣡
-

602 սɱ

ס֣
³ͳľͬʱ
սĵôͣ
³һҲҶΨ˫Ųϵĵ
ĵѾϵƤȻо˿ڵʹȴܵõϴıС
֪ոûмʱ䣬⵶Ѿ̴Ĳӣ
³뵽ܣ²ѡ
ľҲú¡
˵һӮˣϽѵɡ
սһ֣ܿӰ³Ĳ뿪
˿Ĵʹ
ţ˿ͻȻӿһ
³֪Ѫ
ʶ̧սѾת׼뿪ͻȻһݣ͵һǣս˹ȥ
һĻʮͻȻŵش˷׷վŭ
ʲô
Ȼ͵Ϯ
̫Ҫˣ
Сģ
ľȴĿƵصսͰ³޲ð³һˡ
˭֪ʱսǺ󱳳۾һ㣬һеĵĻȣ͵һзֵ³Ŀͱ˸Դ
ʱ³쳤ֱۣе䵶׺ݵسս󱳿ȥ
սһзֵ͵һ𣬶˲佩Ӳ
³۾ɵü󣬿νĿѡ
սﲻѪӿֱȴֱƴ䵶ս󱳿ȥ
սȴͷҲأֻ͵סһӣ
³׳˶˲䱻ųľķ˹ȥ
Ŀ˸ѪƮŨѪζѬ¡
ȴڵһ㣬ٶȼسľȥ
ľŵɫҰףæܵͬʱǱܵץסţǰ
ŷİ³ûзӦͱľץ˵ܡ
³ץǰ䵶ܿ䵽˳ľǰ
Ϊٶ̫죬ľûüȫ˿
ڼʱץŵܣδˡ
ŵͲˡ
ֻüһֵļУ;ϴʹ
³䵶պÿϡ
˵ͳľѾ˳һξ룬ɰ³һȴֱϣ
ʱܵؾ˫۵סһҪϣ
ֱֻ۶ˣ˿ںʱѪע

˲Żˣиͣ
ľ̫̲סſ˾롣
Ƭ̺ͻȻӦ͵سսȥŭʵǹģɱǣ
ɱսһЦͻȻɱȥ-һӣ³ʬ˲ը˿
ľֶ̫û뵽ͻıʣ˲䱻һ
ûȳľٴʣսѾǰָŰ³ըʬ壬Ц˵ľӿɿˣĳɱ㣬ֻҪһ͹ˡ
ľѩĵ⣬ֻûѪҺ·һ˲סˡ
ֵؿڸͷϵսİֿ¡
ǰãյʵգȻϧαװг裬ϳ̸ôӣ
ȴͻȻ֣ǿˡ
յģȻǸһģֱһ£
ǸģЩ̽ӵǸʲôԵģ
ʲôʱ˸˿µ
ȻһϢû
սؿųľеľ֮ɫٴ˵䣬Ȼӱ͵ϮʿȻ˴۽磡
ľɫ࣬ȴ֪η
³Ѿ䣬ȴֱ͵Ϯ¼壬ҲҪġ
ȷ
ǡôҲȲѣ
Ҫյ̫Σգֲƣô²ߣ
ֻϧ³̫ûˣôõĻᣬȻ˵Ƥû˵
ľ뵽Ŀɬؿսһۡ
ս۵׵ĲʣֳЦһƥսľӿĪҪˡǳľӾ鷳ĳȥȡ
˵⻰Цͳһ˿ųľ˵УֽһӣȻ鵶ʣתͷ
һߣش佫һĿƵؿս޲̽е£ΪһԱͽ
ش˷ܵش˴˫֣Цؿų̣ʼ̽үȻ棬һۿʵǷôõգֻǵĻǲ̫Сˣ
̾صһۣ˵ˣȻǱĻţȻСã
شزںܲˡ
϶Ϣģٷ̽ˡ
Ǽʶ˵ʵܸģ
û˵ȻôǿʵĻŲ˷
үδҲ̫Сˣ
-

603 ʹ

شȰȻ̵ɫʵ̫ˡ
ߣֹ
ʱսطߣų˹
شĵ˲ûеؿս⵶ƺܲһ㣬֪ǳλʦ֣֮
սһôʣ֪϶֪⵶ͳ̵ĵһִġ
Ҳǣ飬ۿ϶˱ܣǴȥ
ԣ֪µ˹ƾô
Ц˵˵͡
ش̲סһʶ˳һۡ
Զڱ߹أ˽⻹治ࡣ
ϾŮӣָ߹ٴĵӣҲҴ顣
ȴ룬⵶Ȼµģ
뵽⵶ش뵽˳̡
ɼǵúǰնҲǷ
ΪĿһѾѾǳѵˡ
˭֪λȻҲһѣ
⵶ǴӺδģ
Ȼðʹ͸ôģ
ش̲סֹ
Ȼ˽ⲻ࣬ȴҲǵã֮Ůͷиף硣
Ȼûˣ͸Ļš
֪֪֮Ĺϵ
ԣ
ĳΪ殳裿
϶ǲ´ˣ
Ȼúÿɹƾı£Ͳ殳֮
϶ԲŶӺͺ
ǿɲٺ˼ȥǶۣ
˵ˣвһĹϵὫ˵ʹ͸
شôһ룬ԽԼˡ
սȭһ񣺡ţĳ硣
ս֪Ǳ߳ؽΪأĬĬ˿һδһ񣺡ˣĳЩʲô
شһ飺
һŰ˸һ˷ʬֻЩ
ҪֻЩؽкã
شڳԱҲ൱
ЩѪǱˣǻ̲סˬ
սزղ̫ԾͿһѾˣǲǿ԰ˣ
̳ĪǶˣȻˣ汾ȥŰɡ
ʱ˲ǽǸӳľӷϴġ
ǸŹҪ
ľԼãȻŴ֣óһƥսע
ںˣܹԣ˾˵ӣӶˡ
λȥҲ֪ľҪθĺ
ǿûϵ
ӮĿǣֻҪ˰սˡ
ôһ룬˶¶Цݡ
Ȼһߣľ˾Цˡ
ֱۣ˵̰˴ƣֱϵ˿̫ǿסҲҪѿİ̺ۡ
ǣ˫ֵԿ϶ҪӰ졣
ԺҲûˡ
Ѿʹû˹ȥȻֳ֪ʲô
ɾˣľ˻Ǳúܡ
³ʬըʱ򣬽óľ˻ǡ
ϴ軻·ľȻϻǹɻ֮ȥȳζ
޲뿪ط
ǳ̵ĵ̣Ըս뿪
οôңȥˣҲɥ֮Ȯû
ôȥܸģ
ܵЩʲôֲ֮ǰȥ
Գľô
ϴ軻·ûڻ˯ţǰȥ硣
ɻ֮ǰǸ
λû䡣
ֻһΣľ͸ʱľѾȫͬˡ
͸ˡ
ǿ̺սʱ
ϴʱٴ룬ԽԽǾԼˡ
̺յĹ˸ɵƵģȥ˵òƵģӸڵøˣ
ľͺڵѪ
Ǹļˣ
ҪƣҪǸյ裬յлڿӣ
ľܵذԼժ˳ѹ˦źսͷϡ
Ѿһνѵʱɲȥս¶Լ˼
ǿˣյľǸС۶رݡ
˭Ҫǲˡ³Բҵúܡ
Ѿ˴ɲɵԷĵײ
ӣҲ
ľ뵽ȵسսЦЦշǷñӴ۽硣
˵˶٣˵ѹ֡˿
-

604 ѳľĵùǺ

ľ䣬̳˹ȥЦ˵ĳ£ǰ֮ˣȻ
˶٣ֹ˵ľӣҲܿŹ𣿡
ѳľĵùǺ
ţ
ǣȷʵţΪųƯֺã˼ơ
̵ĿرĿȻ³ˡ
˵ռôıˣȻû
ľ뵽̲ס˫ϵֱۡ
˫ԺǲˣǸˡ
˵ṇ̀ʿ
ſ˵ǳ׷ˡ
ο³ĵĨ˶ġ
ű³ĵˣȻҲ˶
ǶԵúܣǳ˽ҩҲ˶ˡ
ľԽԽơ
õûʲô飬űϾƯҪõúˣ˵Ϊһɱ
˭֪һ˼ʧ˲˵Żˡ
ڳ̻
ƫƫĵҪҲñţܷ
Ȼ͵˰ѱ
Ȼʲôö
ľƵ߬ȭͷ
ؿǸŭԵӣ֣ϲˡ
ܿ죬롣
߳Ů˱뺷Ҳĵ˵̽ӻ
Ե˱֮߳󣬲ûдļŮźĻǴӾǴˡ
ľΪûʲôŮϲ˵Ļͷϡ
һø߸ݵģĶͦ
ͳһƷŶӶŲˣ߽
滹ͦĿ
ս̵ؿš
һĻͦۡ
һܿó̷ˡ
̵ɫһȥ
õصսһۣȻͿʼˣ˲˾ȥɣǶľӸòˡ
ڵĳľˣ
ǵ̵֪Ƣһˣ̾ߡ
Ϊ˶࣬õǷֲơ
ÿһ̣ͷ˺üȡ
õɫζȫҲ⽲žʳ
ΨһǣҲ߯ˣ
ڳˣս֮ⶼˡ
ˣƽʱǴںȾƴڳ⡣
ǵԵģÿǺÿˣɶ˵ҲڵķԵģ
̫ˣ
ľ̲ס︹̣ʲôëԸܸô໨ô٣ǶƵģ
ԥһ£ûз
ľţôӣǰɲֵܱ̫ûʶˡ
Ȼ̣ȴ̡
һˣһƥս
ͿˣֻһֱǿŰˡ
ǰǵԵģ̲ܿסˡ
һͻȻЦ˵ԵܳԱѵǵĳ⣿
ľĺݺһϽؿǴһۣ˳̺ս˴ɱ䡣
̵ûɱ䣬ֻǳؿųľӵ˿Ƚϱꡣ
ս˵Ƕ˰ɣȻˣүھ˰Ѷү̫С
̲סĵߣС
֣˰׼õĶ
ܿ죬Ͱ
ͷȫ
һ
ǿõģɢŨŨ㡣
Ƭ⣬һ
ʳÿ˷ʮ
һߣ佫Ҳû
ǲ뱻СˣÿҲʮ
ʣЩĹپͱȽջˡ
ǵʳ϶û佫ô󣬿ɵô˵棬ˣԵ̫ûã
ǣЩ˲Լͬسս˹ȥ
ȴ𾪵ؿսȻҲʮ
ɰ˸Żˡ
սССģڳͷݵһ
ƫƫװ׾ģС
ˣľҲɵϵȥ
͡ĳ࣬ʵڲʳġ
˭뵽Ȼô
ЩĹﻢˡ
һ˵׻ûֻ̫࣬ԼܳԵķ
߳ǵزǺֳܷ֣ʳһ㡣
Ա߳ǵʳȽϽš
סˣҶϰҪԼʳ
˭ҪǸ˷ѣȥɲк³
ڻڳ̵Ƥӵ£öˣ
ˣͶɣܺùԲ꣬ʰ
ĹĬĬοԼ
̾Ӹµؿţ˶˾Ʊųľ˱ȣľԶʲôϰߵĵطﲻϰߣ˵ñ˸ˡ
ľϽƱˣӲûвϰߡ
̶ʱЩʧȴֺܿ˵Ǿͺáһƣľӣľӹˬֻǲ֪һƥսʱ
-

605 ѵ

ľһ̵ĻѪ
˵һƥսˣһƥ
Ѿˣ̾Ȼ
ľķŭطǳ̵ĵ̣̫
ǹΪѵ˵һƥսСĿҪô࣬Ҫ໨Щʱϸѡģȱӻȥ󣬾׼ս
һۣЦ˵ľӹȻˬ졣
˵꣬˱еľƣ漴վս˹ȥ
˵λͦ͵ˡ
սԱߣϵľƺһЦؿտ˴󹦣һ
˿һĻ񲻽ùֵֹġ
ʶսʵѾûٽг衣
ǿų̾ȻԸƣ˻Ǵһ
Щˣǿû˵λүġṦΰƽˣҲһ߸ϵĮ̬ȣδ˺
˵εȷ˴󹦣ɳ̵̬Ҳ̫
̲ס
ȴǺֻſս
սضƱүˣĳ˷֮£ү˿ޡ
˵㵱ã͵áԵܿ˵ܰװ׬һƥս
ڵµĳľ뿳˵
սƳ˳ľһۣ˵ĸηζըˡ
Ȼүô˵ĳȸΪˡ
˵꣬һںȸ˱ġơ
ûƺװĲǾƣֻˮˡ
սǲȾƣȴϣ˿ȾƵӣ׼ˮ
ΪǵãսÿκȾ֮ɫر죬͸Ⱦ֬һ
һ˫۾Ҳˮٵģ˵úܡ
սúÿӴ磬αװɺÿ˺޲ÿһڡ
ҪǺ˾ƣϼ֪Ҫٿ˵
̻սʱ˧ӣֱ޲ðﻹԸںȾƣ
սװϵӣϸ÷·һܶϵǷֵһʵ̫˾ˡ
Ϊ֪Դӿսı֣Щ佫һˡ
ҪǼɵƣ͸ˣ
ԽԽˬ̲סսһۣձǹģ
սϲˮζһͲٺˡ
˭֪ǳľһûУȻžƺ˹
սʶ˳һۣȻ̵ɫѾڳɹˡ
̺ܿߵľʲô
ľЩŵ򴽣ȴսˬʵ˵һӢۣǼƹˣʵǷʵñԱӾΪƣһ
˵žƺսƣסˡ
̲õؿ͸ŨŨľ֮⣺ʤľӻĪҪΪˡ
ľȻš
ǲԭϵʿûвʤģյʵôǿôܲʤ
ͻ˵˵
ľбôһ˻ѵãӻƣ
һҪŭսһѰס֡
ȻЦЦؿųľľһƥսȥҪν
һڣʹ˳ľʹĵطóľɫ˲ѿ
ľսһۣͻȻЦЦĪʲôð취
ĳȷи취ս˿ʾֱ˫һ۾֪ľӶ⻥ʲô
ľüͷؿս
Щ׼սʲô˼ԥһ󣬲û˵ԼĿʵʲôֱ˵
ߣŲɵأ
յıٿ
ս⸱ӣ;úЦ
ľһʼô裬ôᱻӵôң
ھ裬̫Щô
һƥսɲСĿ
ǲ뷨õöȥû취ɺ
οЩֵܿɶڻ񣬾͵ץСӡ
ôİѱľգҲƴһƴ
ԣڵǸͻƿڡ
뵽սЦøЩľӱ֣ĳҲǾⲻȥԲһѡ
һƥսȷСĿǾôȥɺﶨȻý
ܹ´󹦣ȥԭҲܶԿɺиӾأ
ľ£ֻûҵͻƿڡ
ս߳»
ֻǣѾսӹһΣľڲĻ
ˣյĸòڿɣ
-

606 һӻһ

ľо־ǸѵõĻᡣ
Ҳûбķӣյô˵
˶񣬺ܿ˵Ըһսӻȥ֮󣬸ȻҲ˽
սǺǣľûÿõͦ

ôȥء
˵һսһѶܣ
Ҫôˣ͵ñͨѹ
Ȼһڳľ롣
ľɫͱò̫ÿ
ս״Ͻ˵ľ˵ЦˣĳǿȰ˵үһٿ
һ٣ľɫѿˣǲ̫˵
͢һ׹ܿصүȻݹأǸһٿѾޡٶ࣬¾Ҫˡ
ľ⻰ﲻͣۡ
յĹȻǺö˵˵
ڲԭϣҲ֪ʵϲľӡ
ȻֻǸүȴ̫ӻҪ⡣
ֻҪĿرʵۿ϶ӡ
յľȻֻһٿֱǰɵˣ
սɫÿ˵νϡΪǾһٿ̫٣Щչ
ľǺǡ
չ
õ
˵ĹҲգ
˭أ
ս⣬ֽ˵ţҲУȻѾˣڽȴơ
ĳ˵ȥ궬죬ԭѩ֣˺ܶţתů֪ԭϵţˣ
ľؿʲô
̫ţ˸еĿס
սЦһƣľһƥս˵ĳԵʡĳʵڹⲻȥһѡ
ľüͷɵؿսԲĻ
ս˵ʱղԭϵţޣĳǿԸľǩһԤԼ
ԤԼľŬĥ⼸֣˼Щţ˼ǣҪţ򣿡
սܿʵÿʮͷʮͷţ֪ľӶĿɻ⣿
ľһ⻰һľͺݺ
ŵؿսԼˣո˵ǡʮʮͷ
ʮͷ򣬼ʮͷţܹʮͷһµ
սȻʵ֪ľӿõó
ľʱףոչȻû
ʮͷ򣬻ʮͷţ
⻹ֻһµ
ˣͻţļ۸Ƕ٣
ľɿһ£ȻĬĬʮͷǶ١
˰춼û
Щļ
սһۡ
ľܼۣһٴκݺ
죬Ҳ̫ˣ
⻹ֻһ£
Ҫһ
ľ͵͵£һԽԽ졣
ҪõȻܹ
յĻ
ƭɣ
ľٴξ
սҲû̴ָӦûٴοڣ̱˵ľԸ⣬Ըǩ顣ʱֻҪÿ׼ûţȻŽˡ
ľһԸǩ飬΢΢Щ
յıϾֻǸĻţǻԼ˭˵ȥ
̾Ͳͬˡ
Ͼһܲ˺ɣ
ֻǣûȥ˺úϴӦ
һأ
ܿ˽ڣԼ顣
̴Ӧ
ľҲû˼ٸսȾˣܿžƺλ
ڿˣӡ
ʲôԤҲúúúϼƺϼơ
ߺսƳ˳һۣȻûҪߵ˼̲ס˵үǲҲûȥˣһֱĳƺӶϴˡ
£صչʾʵЩٰг衣
һŬ׷ˣ
̼Ȼˣɫͱ÷ǳÿ
޲õѸսݡ
뵽ݵĺֻʱˡ
ȻԸػλ
ѸӺ̳սȥ
սҲԵòˣŹ˹ǣٴ˹ȥߡ
սֻ뿪
˿ٴαùŹ
ҿǾλĹϵ򵥣
̺սûãľҲ뿪ˡ
Ȳȥţ£
һʮͷټʮͷţɲСĿ
ҪˣøϽȥõµţ
ľһߣʣµ˺ܿΧһţشΧм䡣
شΧˣֻԿۡ
£ôֲܹܵģƨã
-

607 Ů

شƵùǺϴľŴŶӳȥ
Ȼջصңһֱڵ
ŵ׺͸ϵľѾ
Ѿˣ֪شȥ󣬾Ͳµ϶Ⱦƣ׼Ѿ͵ǻ
شŮϻο
ֻ뵽Ů£̲ס̾
Ȼλ
˵ʵյı֣ʵ̫ˡ
չʾʵʵȲѡ
ҪĹϵԾŮˣ
ôõСӣôأ
ԣһأ
Ĺϵ׽ЩҲδؾֹϵɣ
ôܹϵ˵Ĺϵأ
һװףǰװ״һŮ
ôһ룬شһֻ
ٴγŮȥԽԽ⡣
ȴǱ﷢ë˶ôʲô
ΪСڱ߳ǳЩ֣ϵصŮǰѭ浸ء
ش˾ƣƾͷƽô侲Գֱ֣˳ûпеģҪеĻ͸˵
һ⻰ͻȻ͸ֳ΢ЦӣսȾ˺ϼ
شһ۾Բˡ
ʣǿŮģԾ
ѲɣŮ濴˭ˣ
̵ģ˭Ȼұ͵͵Ů
شʵ˵㿴˭ˣ
Ĺϵѹҧҧֱӷˣͱ˵ˣû˭
ش׷ȥɴʵˣղʲôľôˣЩûһöû°ɣ
شǸСӵ˭
ôʣע˲ͱתˡ
ЦԺ˵ӹŮСʹ»¶ˣЩ˵ȷˡ
һ⻰üǾȻĸңôǾȻ£ǲ˷
شȴЦֻǰϧûȥûܿϷ
˵ﻹź
Ҫ֪ô֣ͰҲȥˡ
û뵽λȻ
ѹء
ֵˣ϶Ҳأ
ȴסˣϷʲôϷѵˣ
˵ܵǿµʵʱǸľӲ˰ɣ
˵־òԾ
Ҫǳľˣ϶
Ļشܻôˡ
ȻشܿҡҡͷûҲùˡ
ˣ׷ʲôˣ
شڵŮ棬üɫ˵˳㲻֪ǸľǸȻѧ˼ƣ
˸ʲôѻģ衣ǣôǸȻ鲼ͳˣô˵裡
ֲ֪ܵŮˣӶϣ˵ʲôݣʲôƯŮûܿ
ȻɣԸԸһۡƫԼ̶ˣȻҵҲ裡
˲һ㺮˪ŵʵ𣿡
ȻûУش˰֣úܣû裬˿ӣ˱ԡ
ԣԴ󾪣ʲôѵǱ£ЩֲɵӦòӦɣ
ش̲סЦ˵ûЩֲɵӣҪǸԼ£ǿ϶Ӧˡ
˵ǰԼǱ䣬˶ľ֡ǸľӣҲ֪Ƿʲô裬Ȼóһƥսע
ӮˣԣӮɱʿǸѻ˵
û뵽Ȼչ
û뵽ǸСһȻʵ
ԾȻȫӮ˲˵Ȼɱˣ
ԺٴθֳսȴôҲ޷˾Ȼ
ǣˣôĸԸΪ殳أ
ѵˣ
ʱץס
ֹϵôܵĶ
ʱû
ԭΪǷˣȻôǿ
ͻȻܲζ
ôҲ޷ţһЦ÷µˣǸгˡ
˵ѾȢֺαأ
-

608 ձ㵽ʲô

ԽԽ̲סش˵ϸôӮģ
شôʣ̲סʱĳ棬мѡ
üɫذѵʱĳȫ˵˳
̾ѡ
ոش˵Ӯԣ֪
ȴû뵽Ȼô
ôԶİӶв˵ʸȻӶ͸ˣ
ıжǿ
˵ȻһžͰһʿ߷˳ȥ඼ˡ
Ƿֵʵ̫ˣ
ôʵôͿԸгأ
뵽

ľס˱߳ǡ
ǻصסĵط󣬳ľ̴ĸ̸
һ̸֮˶սĽ׺ܲ
˭Ըˣ󣬶ü۸úú̸
⣬׵ҲúúĥС
ţӶ׾پܳģҪʱ䡣
һṩʮͷʮͷţɲ׵顣
ͷ򣬴ӳɣ˵Ҳðꡣ
ţ͸ˣꡣ
ľԭͦ˷ܣ˱˺ŷ²ס
ֻ뵽ʮͷʮͷţܹ̲סĶ
Ҫһô࣬Ժӿ϶úܣﻹõǰӣ
һߣ̺ս뿪ֱӻ鷿
սóľܴӦ𣿡
սЦѾĶˡ»ÿɺ˼ôĽľһ˴ӦҲûá
⵹ǡ뵽ľյǱЦݾЩƲס
Цеסս֣ն㣬Ҫα𣿡
硭սצӲ̫ʵϵЦⲻЩү
⻰궯̺ݺ£ˣģ
ǰսЦص˵ͷյߣᴵ˿ѵүԸ⣿
̵ɫһӾͺ͸ˣȻԸ⡣
˭֪սž˵̫ˣ֮ǰ̫ûˣһ㶼񫣬ǰ̺á
̣
±ƣս˼ЦһȫӲϡ
Ȼѡ
ҧгݵʣԣ˵ñ㵱
ǰȻʲôսȻؿų̣ɫѿЦ뵽ȥˣ
̲㱻߳ŭص
սˣ̲סգգۣǲеˣ
ʮ꣬˵˻飬Ҳôͷݰɣ
뵽ĳЩٶ˵Ļ棬սɫˡ
ԥһ£߹ȥס̵̧ͷ𣿡
̡̾;úܲڡ
Ķ˺죬յصսڸʲô
ȻȻţ
ֱǡ
Ҫô˭֪սͻȻͷĿϡ
Ȼ·ܹܵĿڴС
Ī
Ȼս˵̵úÿ졣
˲䷴룬ƽʱҲô졣ŲΪ㣡
սôƯ˫ǲǣҫ۵ԡ
̿˫Ư۾ԭõĻ˵ˡ
˵Щݻȴһֶ˵
սٴ̧ͷ˳̵
ʱܹԽԽ
սЩ⣬̺ôУ߹˭֪Ȼ˴顣
ûһͨΪĿġ
սͻȻ;ãԼЩӵļ֣ƺЩˡ
ڵȻ󣬵Ѿúܲ
ܵԵʣʵõúܡ
ͲõĻӡ
̵ҪĴ
Ϊһֱų̵˫ۣ˳еĽš
ս̲סʵԸ𣿡
һ⻰ոձŪľߵȻԸ⣬ղŲƭģ㻹ˣ
ս
Ӵǣˣ
ۣøЩҼǵã̻Ƿһҹ
⻰һ̵ɫ˲䱬졣
յصս챻ĵߵڰ׸ˡ
ձȻô˵

Ǵˣ
ҧгݵһƿս
Ųɵһϵ
ս˲˿һתܵ˳󣬴ӱٴαס°͸ϣ̸ող˵˴󹦣Ӳ𣿡
˵껹һѡ
ָͦ
˳̵⡣
յòӶˣձ㵽ʲô
-

609 ̥

սû뵽̻ķӦ̲ס붺ٴγ䴵̲˰ɣ
̵ɫԽԽ죬̲סץסսʵС֣һѽȻѸתһѽڻձ𣡡
ս⻰̲סǰżȻЩСƵ
磺Ůˣɹ˱үע⡣
ٱ磺㿴
ʲôŮˣ
սƵЩɰԵܲõĶԱʱҲ̲ס͡һЦ˳һѽ˿
̿ЦģһſԽԽڣһ߳ŭ˦ߡ
սֲ֧ͻȻˣȥ׷̣߰ҵĻû˵ء
ϧ̸ߵøˡ
·˭׷һ
ս򴽣׻û׷ȥ
̷߳ŭˣͷϣҪ׷ȥ»ʵ䷴
ʵ֤̹Ȼˡ
֤ݾǣҹ˯ʱûսЪ˱ķ䡣
սһ£ҲͲˡ
̲ڣһ˷ڡ
գľȻ̸һ
һΣ̹ûнսֻǽó˾Ĺ
ȻΪⳡ׻ǵó˾ļ֤С
ľУⳡǸǩģ˽½У˿ࡣ
ó˾ļ֤ڳ˵Ӱȫ
ˣոսֿĻһ漴͸дӣʵ㱨εĶľ֣и彻׵¡
Ȼⳡ׿ɲΪ׬Ǯ
иԶĿġ
ԤǸΪţ򣬰˼ڷͷ
˵δܹɹܱʲôǿ
֮⣬׶ƣһ׳ɹǾܵõԴԴϵĻţ򣬶ģǸָĻ
ֻҪƺû࣬п˹֮Уʧ
ʷѾ֤˸ϲԭҲϲֵأϺõ
ս˹ԭ̶꣬ͳ޷԰Σʦͨѧڶ
Щǵ⣬ϲǵ޳к͸䱦
ڲԭϣҲõеĸ䱦ж˻Ըȥƴأ
дӣ˿ӱ˳ȥ
Ȼ͵
޶żľҲдţ˿ӱ͸ɺ
ôĽףҲʹɺ˼
ľһ´󹦣ʮֿףд˲ٺûԼĿд˽ȥ
ľҲɵȥĸ󣬶ó̿϶ûġ
ǺܵģԳûϢ
ȥ궬ԭϵѩأ˲˺ţ򣬽궬Ǹʲôû֪
ǰԭϵƺԽԽˡ
ǶԽԽѩµҲࡣ
ÿ궼в˺ţ򶳶
ľȻϲЩ£ȴҲ˶ˣǻܲ
ܹսֽ꣬ףʳҶΰ͵ȵʣӣҲһЩˡ
ûϢչ׳ȻԭЩԭٴγΪǵū
Ǿ߳ͦԶľͳȥţҲҪЩʱ͵ɺ
Դճľҳ̸ʱûдһ¡
˴˶û⣬ǶڵȻš
ȴӣصؽˣϳľӣڱ߳Ǻúתת
ԣľڱ߳תƣǿ˷۽硣
ҵĿĻƷʳϸָʳĿϾӡ
̶̼Ĺؾͳ˺ü
˵ŹۼһȦ
ŹԴѹԼ˫˵òᣬԺѿİ̺ۣ˾ͱˡ
տʼʱ鼤ߣһ
ľݺݾһٲˡ
ȻǹĵλȴȳľҪ͵öࡣ
ֳ˷ˣ۴ﻹٵľ
ֻСίԹޣԹˡ
ں˵ȷʵ֮ǣһֱŮϢ
ȴ룬Ȼһֱδ
Ҫ𣬶ûᣡ
Źֱ۲ԸţȲҷйҲûһֱ
ǲģ㽫߻ʳ
һСģ˶
һʼûֱ֣üȥ¾ӣžԼƺȹȥԲһЩ
Խòζ
˭֪ʱŮͻȻ˵ˣҪ
-

610 

һȻˣҪ˶סˡ
Ҫ񣿡źɵ߶һ䣬ͻȻ˸²⡣
Ѳɣ˼
ǲ԰ֱۣѾǷˣôͻȻҪ
ô£
Ȼ񣬲ԭʲô˵Ǽ£
ڳ˷ˣ۴ľûǰˡ
صظ񣬳ľӦû߿һۣ֮ǰǰ
תϾԼӦץסᡣ
ϲЦտŮԷأ
Ůȴ˵ǹѾˡ
ʲôˣ𣿶ûôˣ
Ųʵ˵־˶ˣ˵ЩҲãʵˣ͵ʲôû˵˭͵ģ
ôʣȴ룺϶ɣӣ񣬳˭
ܿ뵽˵ǩһʴ󶩵ţ򣬲»û̸סѲ
ٴĥ
ڷ˫ۣԺ϶ûˡҲСˣȥ󸸺϶ˡ
ѾǸˣûĲ嵱ɽʲô£
ο֮ǰǳľ֣˵ҲԵʡľʲôӣʱľ϶ѹȫƵͷϣܸŭ
ԣٻ塣
ܹûԺӿ϶ҪȻزԭùöࡣ
֮ǰûᣬȻֺ˵Գû
뵽ž̲סЦ
˭֪̫졣
Ůܿ˵˵ˣǷ֮ǰ񡣡
ʲôŴʧɫôҲԸĽ˵Ǹյ͵ģ
Ůɫһ̲ס˵ȷ͵˵ǲС˹ص񡣡
ŵɫ˲Ťһ£쳣ѿ
Ϊģ˭֪ȻǸյģ
ˣ
յܱûͺá
ֻҪܹ˭͵ʲôҪ
ֻôοԼ
˿ѹеĲܿʵأ֪͵ʲô
Ůܿ˵Է˺üӣūҴ򿪣Բװʲô
һЩ棺Ǳھȥ
յľȻ˺üӹˡ
źܿ˳ȥ
˭֪ߵ䣬Ϳľ˽
һͲ˳ľвΪ
Ұ˼¶³ľһģֱŪ
ĵλͲߣֳ˷ˣǡСҲľ
Сģ˳ľ
ŹԹԳľȻ˵ĸ磬ôˣҸո˵񣬼ȻĸҲڣһ𿴿
ǸˣҲ˸
ľһۣܿЦǾһ𿴿ɡ˵͵ˡ
֣ǸյģôͻȻ
Ѳɣ濴ˣ
Ҫǿţŵֱۣ
ԣĵǳģץŵܣŻˡ
ǸյĻⱨһѣǱ
Ѳɣڸų
ˣʱǸյĿһֱŲţ϶ǿˣ
̫ˣ
ԭΪó˷ˣѾûʲôֵ
û뵽ǸյľȻ
ľԽԽˣܿ˴򿪺ӡ
һʮӹ
һӴ򿪺󣬳ľŶЩȣ澹Ȼ·
һŮӴȹ
ȹ쳣廨ν
ľΪӣŮ˴·Ǻ⣬Ҳȹ÷ǳƯ
˵ˡ
ſƯȹӣ۾Բˡ
ΪŮӣвϲƯ·ģ
ż˽ȹӹתһȦ޲ðÿϸڶ
ԽԽƯ
ʵ̫Ưˣ
ģôôƯ·
ĿƵؿ׹ƯȹӣҪ˫ۻţȲˡ
ľķӦܿ˴˵ڶӡ
ȴһΡ
ǳⱦʯģ¼ˡ
Ϊ幫㲻ܳ裬λһЩġθһױԵôӶˡ
۾ʱˡ
ľƲƲ죬Ͻ˴򿪵ӡ
װ֬ˮۡ
ſһԽԽ졣
յĹȻϲɣ
-

611 ͵Ұ

ŵĺݺһҲȾ˺Ρ
ͦƯ߱Ŀһ˫۾̱ʯɫ顣
ֻ֮˶Ƿ
ΪЩŤ֮С
κ죬üЦʱƯࡣ
ľ̲סۡ
Ů˺ܶ࣬ŮҲ١
ֻǴûʲôλһǸˡ
ñûٺøУַˣֵ󽵵͡
Ҫǻеãô
˭֪ŮûãƯ·Σͱͷ
յôôණ
ֻ
ǿţҪ
뵽ܣľ˲侯
ǰôڲ뵽
Ȼ뵽˼ƣѵ벻
ǸյĽթˣĺ˵Ҳ˼ƣ
ãҪյĹ̽ϢҪյĸˣ
뵽ľ۾ʼá
ԽԽ
ûõĶһ֬ˮ۶ѣֲûУ
ʲôǸ飿
Ƥ̫ǳˣ
ȻŮ
ԣĶľ֣ΪţӦ
ҪһֱôӦ
ɵŮˣòᵱʱͱյĸ˰ɣ
ľԽԽŵ񲻽˼ֲ
ϧе˼Щδ֬ˮϣѹûǲƵ
ȻҲ֬ˮ۵ģɲò˵ߵľͲԶˡ
ŴСϲ磬ΪƯ˿ɺֻģҲӲȱ֬ˮá
Щ֬ˮۣʵ̫ˣ
ΪŮӣʹ֬ˮۣû֬ˮۻ˶Ļ
ſЩƯɫֱ޲̴ˮϴԼױݡ
ľֻſЩ֬ˮۣһֱûȥʣµĺӣʵǿȥˡ
ûѵţЩ֬ˮ۶ѣϲԺЩˣʲôģ
һ֬ˮ۾ͱˣģ
ľܿ˵ʣµĺӻûأ㲻ˣ
ܲãˣΪƯȹӣκ֬ˮ۶ȵһЩ
ʶľĲæ˵ĸ˵öԣǾȿʣµĺﶼЩʲô
ǣĸӱ˿
ͷһ澵ӣǺܴ󣬿
ӲӵģǶ˱ʯŻƯ
Ůӣգܿ;ȵط֣⾵ӱõûҪˡ
˷ܵؿ˺üۣ뵽ľְ࣬ȥʣµĺӡ
ǵӱ˿ͷһյơ
͸ֳֳһķɫ̲סɴ۾
ŮӺѵֵס۵ɫž⣬ҲǸʮŮֵܵסջ
̲ס֣죬Ưǵ𣿡
ľҲǾȲѡ
һֱ֪кܶöɵжãҲ
ʱѾɥ֮Ȯһ㱻ϻ˲ԭϡ
ʱܹߵĶʵޡ
ΪӣƽʱõĶҲ
ʱյƯ־µƣľ̲סˡ
˵ѹָһֱҪԭظĻԻ͡
ЩδҲ̫ˣһյƶŪôƯ
ǲԭϿûô໨õĲǻѣǻ裬Ҳ̨͵ƣʽͱȽһˡ
ľԽԽᣬһԽԽ죬ΪҰĵĶͿ
һ죡
һ죬̤ƽ˶ū
鼤ãȥӡ
ֻʣµĺ棬еװ֮еװѺҩġ
еĶľδû˵
иֵԲͲͷȻƯĻƣת֮ĻƾȻ仯
һԲ澹Ȼһżת
һɫĸҩɢŨŨĲζȻģ
ľЩͻȻԼֱǸӣʲôöû
ٿκһ
ߵյЩ϶ûģɱΪһССݣĵˣֱô˵ģ
⻰ϵѪɫѸȥԽԽס
͵͵ҧҧЦ

ôܻ
³ҹʱǳųľȥģȴһץסܣס˰³ĵ
˫ۣľȴһ鶼ûУ
Ҫʱֱ۵ס˵˵ľͲֱۣպͲӣ
-

612 ǹ

Ц
ľȻǡ
ôأ
ԶҲǵʱľֺ;
ǳľ飡
Ǹյĵ˼ʲôҪ
˸棬ľԺǰ
Щ嶼ϡǰЩȥֺøЩƵŮˣôЩ
Ļᣬץס
ľΣ
Ѿ´ڱȻȥû
ͶôǸͻƿڣľ㶯ġ
뵽Դǵ˵ĸڵʲôҵȻ֪յûġ
˳ڿӸʧһƥսôܻŹ
ֻǾãʲôͼǺöԸͣžˡ
ʲô뷨Ҳװϵ˳˼ڸȥ
ĸģΪ幫С֪ԼʹǲϵġյĲңɱʿֻҪлᣬһҪ
˶٣˵ҿǸյҲǶʱһֱҲţ
ľ⻰̲סҲ龰
⻰˵ûʱȷһֱ
ҪȻҲϵʧһƥս
յͶܴʲô⣬ûã
ڣյľٵóѣ

ͬʱ
սűϣͻȻ̺߽ݡ
ɫö±ˣһ֪ǳ⡣
սתת飬װû
û̴к
鲻ãֲɵŲҪȥùͷ
Ȼλǳġ
սǰƽʣ˸Ǹѻ񣿡
ս֪Ϊ£
ؿ̣ôˣѵ
ġƤЦⲻЦس˳ǣΪʲôҪôһŮѣҲֵģ
ս̲ס˿ϡ
У̫ˣóԿĻ
̼Ƕϣɫʱˡ
ս״ֻĬĬͳֽ˲죬Ȼϡ
ѵãͦÿ𣿡
ǣá˲һɦŪ˶ѣȻúÿ
˵սˣ·˵ʲô
սˡ
Ҳ̫ˡ
ŹӶ񶾣еҲ赸ˮ׼
û˵ȷʵרҵˮ׼
ôڮ٣ù
˵ʲôɦŪˣһǿú
α
˭֪̺ܿ˵˫˳ԺҲ裬ͶҲû취㿴ˡ
ֻͦ
ս̲ס˸ۡ
ͶΪ˿
̵Ӷϳ´׸ɵô
͸ŵЩȥ򼸸רҵ輧
ҪΪŵݣαЩ
үҪ̸𣿡սΪ˱ʾѳƺˣҪ˵֣ó㶫ôУ
һ˳ƺɫѿˡ
սĻǿűϳ´ɵӺܿѹ˵Щڸ¶
ʵͲµսĿģɾǾòʹ졣
¶飬õս
ǲԼˣ
飬ȥˡ
ãȻԼȥͣȥô룿
ǸľŵӶôõӣ˵Ϊ˼أ
ֻҪ뵽ܣС˾ͰѴ׸׸ˡ
үȻ³ˣֺαңս˵գգۣЦѲɡǹ鵱ڣҵģ
̵ɫ˲䷢졣
ȷʵǹġ
Դ챻ս͸սˡ
Ů˵ãҲ˵
ǸŮˣ
£̲ס
һӣˣֻǵ鴫ȥ˹ᡣˣڿǱĻš
㱻˹ᣬȻ۱ԣһһϵԺҪʲôȸ˵һ
ս﷭ۡ
˵ԴǣǳԴˡ
α
ս̹󣬺ܿ˵ţӦõ˭ᣬҿԸ͡
ô
Ȼȭͷˡ
һۿ˼뵽챻߷ɵˣһľ͵һ¡
֮Ժ㲻ʲôȸ˵һ
-

613 ù

ս̵Ļͺ
ͷϣȻܸŸɡ
˵ͷģɵ˵УԺҶ̵ġô˵Ҿô
̺ɵؿܾսں
һȴ
ս˫ˮٵ۾ǲ˹Ƶģڹ
Ƶ򴽣ֿһԴǵ˵Ȼ³çһЩҲ˹Ͳ㡭
û˵꣬ͿոջһɵսѾͷڿϡ
̣
Ƶصսһۣ˦˦Ҫˣ־òġ
ƾʲôÿô࣬սϣ
ɴһתսϡ𣿡
սһۣ۰Ͱ͡ؿϣֻðʣµһ˳ݸ
̽˹ȥ
һںͻȻеΣûһ˵ȣϵζ
սͷû̧ڷһ䣺Ҳζܲ
ȴ̵ģǾǲô
ֵԽԽˡ
ȻҪɲţ͵ö򼸶١
ͬʱռ
ϴŵҡϣӾһϣ̵سš
һ߳ԣһ߱ӵؿСš
ֻԱߵϣֺСӾһϣԵԴͷ
ˡ
ϴԽԽ
ôôĵܵأ
ҿǸŮ˲ȻҪˡ
ߣȻֵأ
ǿֵصô
̫ˣ
ߣҪѿռȫԹ⣬һŶŮ£
ϴŭ˿ֳܿ
˭֪ţͻȻ˸硣
ϴһ̧ܿСӣؿ˿Χĵܵǡ
ոǶûɣ
ռ⣬̳սϣվسȥˡ
ΪÿҪæɲ١
̫ˡ
ôˣʵúúýС
ôһ룬ɴת鷿дȥˡ
һߣſеԽǸᡣ
صشһŮ׼սл
˭֪Ĵſھͱ˸ˡ
ô˵ŷǲϷǽȥ
ºܿ촫˹ܼҶ
Ͻȥ˳̡
дӣֻǲ̫⣬Ѿ˺˺üݲݸ塣
ܼҽõüʲôˣ
ܼҸϽ˵Źˣ˵յҪԵл
һ⻰ɫͺˡ
Եлǻ룡ôȣͷţҪܵȶã
ЦһȻͰѹܼҸ˳ȥ
ܼ˼ʲôҲû˵ֱ˳ȥ
Ǹ幫ѣֳ˷ˣҪ⡣
Գ̵ݣõǨһ幫
ȻȣǾȵȺˡ
ܼҳȥ˸ŷǱߴϢͲˡ
ǣžôͷ
һһֱûš
˭֪һΣŷȻһ㷴ӦûС
ֺܲõԤУȴôҲԸš
š
ûӦ
Ųòʵͷ˸Ըȥ
Ǹ˵лģ
յô£
Ȼ˸ôһⶼûУ
˶ˣȻͷϼ
ҪȻôᱻڴͷ
ԽԽ޲˰Ȼ뵽ʲôط󣬵ûô
ҧŽյĴţ˺һŲĵת׼뿪
˭̨֪׵ʱһͲȿˣ

żˤȥ
顱һ泯שʯϡ
ŮһϽ
հͿȫѪ
ˤ˱ӣ
ڱûϣǱѪ
ıѪȫϣžΪȫѪֱҲ̶á
ľ˾ͷ͵͵ţһĻֻ߳Ŵ˻ȥ
ȻҪ˿ˣž͸ˡ
ϴĿŮӵ·һ۾ܲ³ݣ
ŶҲ
ģȥʱ·ϾͲöˡ
ľͦá
˭֪ߵ·ͻȻ˴̼ɱ
žһ裬͸˹Ͳϴ»һͣ﷭űײ˺ü£ʵǳܲסͻȻͱײˡ
ŴŹȥڽֵϴ˺üͣ
һֱҽУԴײǽǣ˹ȥ
ֻʱѾǱûˡ
-

614 

һ󷭹˫۵˿ֱӱ˲˵ѪҲõǡ
ͷҲˡ
͸һ
ŻԹȥʱΧ˶
ŭģǰһڣ˾ιȥˡ
ľ¸տƺ÷ͷˤʮԶš
Χֵˡ
ĵǣҲɢˡ
Ҳ֪ǱŸײģǱͲá
ʵڲԸֻۣҪװʲôûŻѪˡ
ľ֪Ϣʱں衣
˭֪ͻȻӲˣˣ
ľ˲ˡ
ˮӺȽȥȻӱǿ˳
ˣǺˡ
˺ðŻ
ô£ʲôˣľתܿʣ£
̿ɵøһУ
ȻûʲôλֻԼ֪
ֲ֪
ô˵̾͵ôţ
ľŹ⣬Ҳ
˭֪̫졣
ºܿ˵ԣͷŹȥҪԸл
˲ȥ˴ͷŹһһֱֻ뿪
˭̨֪׵ʱһСľˤˣ˱Ѫ¾öֻðŹ
˭֪ߵ·ͻȻˣ˳ײˡ
ľɫ˲쳣ѿ˼ǣڰ·ϳ£˿𣿡
ɫڨڨܶ˶ˡ
ľһ⻰ôһ䣺ˣ
֪žǸ
ô˵ģ
ɡʲô㣿
ȥǸյģںˣûô
ʱ˵ˣŹֱϵ˿ѿˡ
ľӻԸ
ŭһù
⻰ɲ˵˵ġ
ľûš
죬˹ţŵ˿ںܿͷˡ
ʼա
Ůһֻƴȥ˳ľ
ľ˵ֻôҽȥſ˿
ŵֹܲۡ
ֱϵ˿ˣɢŨŨΪ˸գǹ̵ġ
ľһͲˡ
ܿģ˸⡣
̴Իȡ
˵ѹŵ
ɳľˣҪǰ˹ͷʵ˵ȥ
ֻôţǽ
Ȼ˴ơ
ŵȴֹܲۡ
˿õ̫ýе
Ȼ˿ڱͳе⣬˿ھ̫ˡ
˿ںٴá
Ȼŵɳľ̫ˣֱӴ
ûģ϶ʲô
Ҫžôˣľ϶Ҫ¡
þһѳľˡ
սס
ѳһߣ˵ܾȡ
ȴԸ⣺㲻ùȥ
սšһѣŲŸá
ĵλ϶ߣȻãȴݶ
ľιǴҽġ
ŵƱƵԵʡ
ýѾӶܲ³϶ǳľɵġ
֮⣬ͳľӵߡ
ˣܲܲҽԼơ
Ǿֻһԭǳľⲻҽ
ӿɽˡ
ŵԣϳľŹ֡
ڵȷʵǷǳҪ֣űɡ
һˣٺ޳ľʲôã
úøľʹӡ
Ŷ˵ֲʲô£ôϸľʹӣǿɾ׬ˡ
սŹᡣ
ҪţȻǴӦˡ
ǳľѹû뵽Ǹ
һսҪţһ£۾𾪵ؿսҽ
ս˵ѧһЩ
ľһ⻰;ۡ
ѧһЩ
յĲμӱԵʱҲô˵ģ
أ
һ־Ͱʿѹˡ
ɱʿ
ʧأ
ھȻô˵
ľ뵽ͻȻЩš
̲סյģòǻһҽɣ
Ͳˣҽ˵ûˣյĻܰžȻ
⵹ǵĻᡣ
ߣûʰյģˡ
źô幫ҪǱյˣó̰յĽˣ
뵽ľްؿսһۣοҵģ
սĶ⣬̧ζؿһۡ
ľôе䣿
-

615 Ѱ·

ľɵؿ˿Χܿ췢ֳɫؿ
񣬾Ҫɱһ
˲侯Լҵԭˡ
ˣղſ϶ǳ̸Ĺ
ǣͦ˵ģŻ˭أ
óľӿɲǴСŴģ
Ϊ̸֪Ͳɱս
ڣҲֻ˦ɫѡ
ɫƺܲ˰
Ϊʲôأ
ѲɡΪҪˣ
ˣ϶
Ŀˣصظ
ֻǣ¿϶ţóˡ
ʱ򣬲ű̹˴ͷ
ǳ̵£㵣ţҲ̵ġ
ˣˡ
Դסûôţͷ϶Ǳ̸ˣ
Ǹ֣֪̲ŶûˣȻվ˳Ҫš
ľͻȻãԼжˡŹ֣
ɲǣյôģ
˵ˣŸֲһĸġ
յľϲҲŹ˵
ľЦݣȴŬװĵӣ۾ֱؿսžͰˣһҪκ
Ϊ˱棬ϿҼˡ
ľ˵Լãݼ۷ˡ
ѹ֪ս﷭ۡ
ر澵ӣóľúһգαݼʵ̫۾ˣ

žͿˣھҪ
սܿɫʼˣľӷģĳһ߾ȫκŹľȳȥĳҪΪˡ
⡭ľЩԸ⣬յôȵģ
һյа취κţ͵ʦ
Ȼûѻ˵꣬̾شľȳȥɣڱһߣɾͳûˡ
ľüͷǲߡ
ԴǣǸϲŮΣյʱΪ磬Ӧš
˭֪δ˵꣬ͻȻ˵ӳȥ
ľ𾪵صԲ˫ۣ
ոճ˵ʲô
Լˡ
˭֪ǰͻȻһڣűת
ӳľȻı˳ȥ
̺ôĵӣ
ľҧȻһҪҳˣ

飡
ľӱڵϣֻûʹȻͳ˺ڰ
š
飡
ľҲ˳
һȫ˵ϡ
һ˳ľϣպø
Ҳ֪˭ɵģʵ̫ˡ
˻µһĻ۾Բˡ
Լˣ벹һ¡
Ȼ߽һ
У̫۾ˡ
ˡ
ǣľ˾ôԺ˻Բѵΰ衣
˰ѳľ˳ȥԼȴ
Ƴۻ˯ѵţҪ
սɨһۣѾûˣҲˣóصõĹ򿪣ͬʱ˵Ÿáˣ鷳
̺һǸ˵Ů˶ѣûʲôλľں˵˵㲻ùˣԱ˵Ҳ㲻鷳
ҪɱԵ
սһɱڵģʱЩΣ֪϶˵ˣϱıηη¹ǣ֮Ϊѡ
Ȼиõİ취αôɱɱķӣԼȾѪ岻ǺöǾԼȥںˡ
ȻôȴǸС۵Сˡֻ鷳βȥˣ
ѾľӣֻҪصԭϣ϶һԸľľγͷҲҪţȥ֮Բʵ
һƥսĿ˵ҲСĿô࣬ЩֵǲŹġ
ʱټһľгţڲ֪ҳʲôͦõõ֣
̵Ȼ֪Щһ뵽սŮ˻֪ܵţ뿳
Ըս
Ҳ֪ս⣬Щ㶼Ϊƻļƻ
ֻǳһߣûиƻֻǺ޺޵˵ŮȻˣ
սûԡ
֪ľҽ
˾ȲţҪǰžˣǸҽ϶ģŵ˿ڣôġ
ġ
˿϶Ҫģ󻹵÷ϡ
ԷѧˣǲѰ·
-

616 

ĸȾպܴ
ԱþϸҪôЧҩͽָ
ȻĻɸȾ
ԷĻֻҪѧȥֻẦ˲ǳ
ս˵󣬺ܿŴ˿ڡ
ĶֻһСʱ崴ϣҩͰ
δ̫ֱˣιҩ
һֱԱ߿ţһοսˡ
˵ŵ˿ʵ̫۾ǿսɵĶȻ֪ԡ
ս˿ڰ󣬳̺ܿ˹
ǸˣһսƷʽ󣬾;һˡ
߽˿ڷΪ˴ٽ˿ϰɣⷨӵǲھƹ㡣
սȻᷴԣֻ˵ⷨȷʵֻҪС˿ڸȾҾƽ˿ϴһ飬עҪҩԤȾ
˵Щ̺
ǰھл췴Ǽֵ꣬µһȥ
ܶ˲սֱӱɱģ˺˿ڸȾ˿̫ʹʹġ
ˣҲԽԽ䡣
Ҫкð취ܹǼ¡
Ͼʿһˣˣйֻʣ棬ֵܹĵޣƬĸҪֲֻǻš
ɲʲô¡
սüͷ飬˵ɣԺһֲøҽο
̾취̴Ӧ
Ƴţǲûˣ
ս˸Ȼ˵ͷҸιҩʱûˡ
һ˵Ǳóľȥ
սסڲȵѹ˵
̲ؿȻ⡣
սһ֪ܵ˭ɣ
ǲϡŵı𣬵ҪŻȥ飬ͲܷŲܡ
οţ㲻ϡŵıҲñĹ͡
֮ԱǱľģ
ľйҪǰŴȥŪˣ˦ô죿
õķӣǵ֮ȥ
Ůĺɲųû۸ġ
ûɼжǿ
ֻҪѹ϶ųľóľ׾ٰŪ
սĻûʹӡ
ɲԸսţͰˣֻѺٸǡ
˳ȥʱ򣬳ľ˻Ժš
սһۣ̫ͦģ˾ڵɹţѹ֮ǵɡ
ûܡ
ûһöﲻ֪Ŷأãûٸ顣
ܣ̾͸ˡ
ȳľѣѾʱˡ
ջָʶ;úܲԾ
̫ˣѹ
ô£
ӣ˭ѹ
ѵźŮˣЩŮҲûôصģ
ľӳʱײͷȻûײƣȴе𵴣κġ
Ӧе
±۾Ȼɵˡ
ȻһŽߵ
۾
ľ˲ͱĻˣȻͻȻ֣Ҳе㲻ԾǱʲôѹš
жԷĺӣһ
ľ±ӣȻʶŵʲô
ĵС˲ͱˣһѽ˳ȥȻ
Ӹˡ
ľúܲԾڹ˲ôˣθ﷭ڵ̫ˣ
طŰۣҡҡλεؾԱߡ
ûע⵽£ͱˡ
ùǣȥʱպѹסһˡ
ٴ˸
ɵǣһңպðѶԷˡ
͵۾׺ݵĹâȻͱĴɵˡ
Ǳܵģһѽľƿˡ
ľƵڵأˤ˸ƨɶףβ׵˲䴫ʹ
ڣһʹӵǸЩ
׺ݵصһۣ뵽ղŵһĻθٴη
ǵˡ
Ϊڵϣһ³Լһ
ľĵùǺ˲µøˡ
ӻţһʱ벻Լôġ
ȵˣź֪Ǳ̵ӳģ
ǸģȻ
ӣȻ̵˳ô
ľ뵽˲ѺһĻ
θٴξҷ
Ż
̫ˣļͻȻ˹
ȻͿ˳ľ
ɵۣһ±Ƶؿųľ
˭
ʲô
̫ˣ
Ҫ
ŭڵҳľˡ
-

617 ľ챻

ľܿ챻ŭǰΧ
ӱκģۿŭΧͷ͵һͻȻ˹ʲô
ͬκŭ͵طӦ±Ƶؿųľӣ
ľ̫öϡ
׺ݵصһۣȻͻȻӦϽϵ·ˡ
£ղžȻˣǶˣ
ľ߳ŭ˳һϵˮҿʼڡ
ող¹ζ̫ˣҪƷˡ
ڣľžȥҳˡ
ûм̣ûͱˡ
ԭаհ
óľɫˡ
̫ȣȣԳŵʱϾʹһ㱡Ĳ¡뵽̻ôģȻº֣
¹֮·մණʵڶĵúܡ
ֻ·һѣھͳ˹ӡ
óľⲻǣ˿͸åƵģֱˣ
ôӣõˣå
ֱ۸ˣ
󣬳ľӹ˶Էݹ·ڳ
ϴ˸裬ִϸɾ·󣬲ųɹ˳̡
ӹˣ
Ȼű裬һ߽ȥ˿˿ģˡ
˵Ժɹ̫Լȴܡ
ô۸˵
ľüֱһ
￴һ飬ڿ顣
ľкεɱ⣬̧ͷ˳ľһۡ
ľ˵ΪʲôͻȻ;ˣ
ܿ죬ԼոճԹĿ˲ҧгݵ˵Ǻܣ
ĿľǺ⣿
ľ˲ֱݶҧˣѵԼʲô
ôǲǣ
ôӣɲô۸ģ
ľߣҪôƱ磡
˭̵֪ɫ䣺ľڹﱾ
ľɵˣʲô˼ѵù
ҲҸҪһ㣡
ʵ֤ĸң
ľ۾ҪˣϮӣѵøһ
˭ֱ֪׳˵Ϯľӿˣھǡ
ľɵۡ
ȣ
Ժ̫ɹھǣ
ѵú׳
ľŭصų̣ˡ
ƫƫ̻ʣô㲻ţ
ľӵȻţ
⻰û˵ֻ
ȻЦӲɵӡ
֮⣬ɱŪӣûôúŪ
̳Цľѵ֪Ź֮ԱʵΪ˶
⻰һľ˲
ȷʵ˶
Ȼ֪
ϾǶµġ
Ǹյ¶˭֪յʵ̫ǿûжˣ
ڵʱӦÿ죬ŵܡ
ģô֪˶
ѵյĿģ
ǲ԰˸ų˽ҩ
Ѿû˲Ŷԡ
յôģ
Ѳɻ඾
У¾Բܳϣ
ûǾԲϵġ
̲֤ݡ
ôһ룬ľ³̼ж²ţ˵жʲôϵ
ߣ׺Ūȥ
ó⳥û꣡
뵽ľͷͻȻ
԰ҳҪ⳥һƥսĶעĨˣ
οǱ̺òᣬҪǲӦͼȥ
ľԽԽ⡣
˭֪ͻȻ˵ŹжľӵȻйϵΪҲ˶
ⶾ죬ֻҪ±ɹʮʱܰѶȻĻͻŹ
ʵǲųľӱ¾ˡ룬ľӾȻ𱨡
ľ̵޳ܾˡ
ŭطŪˣӿûж
̷ʣľѵǴ򣿡
ľӵȻǣ
˵ľӲǴ򣬼Ȼˣο϶ûж
ľ
ʱ˵֪ӾȻ˶ӡ˭֪һհ͵Ժɹ̫ӾͶ˹ȥ
ɹ̫Ȼã㿴ɹʱ˾˹Ǳɹʮʱ϶ûˡ
ľҪ̸ˣǱ̵εģ
ƨĶ
뵽̲סԴ
Ȼ˸
֮ǰԴڵϵʱҳģ
ľ˲׼ʡ
˭֪ûüڣ˵ȻѾˣǲǸðˣ
ľ˲ɵۣʲô𣿡
-

618 ѣ

һ֣ľľͿʼַǳõԤС
ֱǺ£
Ȼ̺ܿȻ˵ŹΣЩȥǷ˺ôĹŽȻ
ˣȻľӦ޳ܵ°ɣ
ľ˵úеӾȻ޷
ҲգβȻҪǲԵСһ
ôӣľԼ
ȻҪǴȥҪЦ
ľʵ٣
Ц࣬һƽҩһʮƽܹǶʮƽӿҪ
ľ
Ѿ׾ˡ
Ϊ֪ۣõôƽ
ҩѣδҲ̫ˣ
ľɫŤˣŪˣ
ȴЦһ㣺ȻûУǶʮƽѣŪ
ǾŹһѵӾãŹֵʮƽ
ǵ˵Źɺ谮Ů˵Ҳֵǧƽ𣬳ľ˵𣿡
ľȻòֵ⻰û˵
ǰȷ˵Ǹ谮Ů
ô˵ʩѹ
˭֪̾Ȼôգ˵Ļ
ʮƽɲСĿ˵һţʮҲֵô࣡
ںˣֻܳưͿ
»ø֪ȻҪ֪Ϊ˾ûõŮˣȻ˶ʮƽ𣬿϶
ԣǮֻԼˡ
ľ뵽øɱˡ
˭֪˵ڸľӽⶾ𡭡
ľŵ˲Բ˫ۣų̣³ٴʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ģҪǸթҪ̺ÿ
̿˫ۣ𴽽ǣⶾ𣬱ӳˣֻҪŹҩѾͺá
ľòͣĥûжƨĶ
޳ܵģûô޳ܵģ
Ƕ֣ԺﱩɹȻ˶
ʵ̫޳ˣ
Ȼ˵ûûһö
У׵¿úúÿǿǡ
°ˣ̻زԭԲطó̼
ľǲǮģȻôŭͲʣǲòȡʮƽ𣬵ŵѡ
û취Ҳ
Ϊʵ̫˵ˣȻȡǰҪô
ľ˵ʲô
ŵˣ
˶ʮƽûѣȲش»ȥˡ
ٲߣҪ̲סˣ
ڰʱѹġ
ʶȥʱӶµġ
ӾһͷȻţ
Ȼ۾ڴߵŮ
žɣŮˮ
Ůˣϲѣæˮźȥ
ɬ촽ͺõζžúЩ
ܿʵ
һʣһ߿Լֱۡ
ȴ˫һ֪ûС
·𲻴һ
Ŷʱˣֱôˣ
ôûоˣ
Ůɿ˵˹ȻǸ򣬸ҩ󣬹ܿͲˡ
𣿾ȻŹ𾪲ѣܿ˵ȥ˵Ҫ
ʣֱ۵ô£
һ֪ûУѲ˫ֱ۳׷ˣ
ôУ
Ů˳ȥֻǸմţͱſڵ
ʲô
ŮϽ˵ˣ
ԣ˵ţȥ
ŮΣֻ˺һš
Ȼȥš
Ѿ˶ȣֻǳ
ô幫ȴһ̫ˣ
ֱۣôˣо
սò죬Ϊȥʱһš
˲õһ룬̵ȻϷȥ
ֱţսȥš
һ𣬲סķսûȥ
Ųó̱ſȥ
һ˽ȥ

Ѿǰˡ
֮ǰѾ˯죬ֻ˯һ졣
òˡ
ѵʱûо˵ʱԽԽˡ
ŮҪԵģȴû
Ÿ
սȥʱͷϡ
һսŭǺôļӣ
Ȼôã
սɫһ䣺ѾûˣȻˣĳͰ˻͹ȥ
-

619 ҪΪŮ

һҪͻȥʱˣУȥ˻ûãôܻȥҪˣ
սһۿ˼֪ں¡
ЦЦȥѵں±Ժ˶Թ
ŵȻ£
ˣѲĿܲ£
ƾʲôЦ
ôˣ
յûȻ֪ж£
ߣȴû˵ֻǼֵ˻ûãȥ
սҲֻۣЦ˵ѵãԺʵΣ𣿡
üͷؿʲô˼Ա
սؿţĳô룬Ͳѹˡĳֻ˵үĵطǹ飬ȻӰ쵽ү
ľӲһƥսû鷳ɹó£鷳ȻҲͲ鷳
ãľӻѡأǳľӵãӦúӵѡĳ˵ÿɶԣ
ô˵ɫܿԽԽѿ
Ȼľôѡ
ľˣҪǻɵӣ
뵽ŵıԽԽš
ں¡
ζһ㶼
ɳľ϶ô롣
ʲôã
ֲһĸģľѹûã
·ϣ
뵽ɫʱøѿˡ
һ㶼
ĵ˺һ˵ﲻôӦɣ
ս⻰ɫʱ
ŵǸ룬Ȼó
Ϊ˭
սҲģŹ֪ܲԭвϻνֻǧûǧշĵ
ɽɽܣŹѵƿԼˣҪڱ𣿡
⻰мЦһ
Լˣ
һŮӣҪôԼˣ
յֲŮˣ֪ǲԭϵŮжѣ
˵ԭŮҲûõĶȥ
ǲԭϵŮ˻ҪңŶҪơ
ףôһĻȻǲԭϵŮ˸ã
뵽ͻȻ˲١
һ䣺Ůˣô֪Ů˵ļѣ˵ñԼˣ㵹Ǹ߱һŮˣҪôԼˣ
ս⻰ȴûԽãԽ˵ж⡣
Цʷ𣿡
ŵɫٴαѿصսС첻˵
ǲǣ
ûʲôλܿõʷ飿
ʵϣǰûʷ顣ԭ󣬲ſʼдʷ顣
Ȼϻزԭǵʷپ˺ܶࡣ
ֱдʷ飬Ҳû취ǰԭʱô˳
ټǵӡˢҲУдʷֳֻԷϡ١
ΪˣЩʷǳֻ˲ʸġ
ɺͼλӡ
һûλܳĹ˵ǷʷˣһѵʸûУ
յʲôãƫƫҪ
ô˼ϣԼûʸʷ飿
ػսǹģƼˣ͸ҪƵġ
ս·ûпĲ˵ʷϵŮӲ٣̫Ůʵۣ
ѾΪǸ߸ϣǧֺ֮αԷƱǲֻ취ԼˣΪϵˡ
֪ٴɱͰ㡣βȻرԺųľӣ
ľӾʲô˼ܲùƤ³£ȻҲȡ
οľδ˲ʿôˣѵûԸڹ
ʣɫ˫һǣڲԭϣҲŮˡ
ֻҪԸ⣬ȻʿԸ⳼㣬Ϊ
ĳԾڴˣҪΪԭŮˣǵһ˶޷ƿصĿŮˣͿԼˡ
ս˵ͣûм˵ȥǲɫؿŵķӦ
ŵͣ˸ǰսĻ˽ȥ˽ս
սҲ
űǸֵŮˣĺ
ţֻҪŻᣬ϶ڲԭϽһꡣ
˺һŲ˵ˣ
ûټղŵĻ⣬ơ
ԽˣսԽĶ˼
Ҫÿ컻ҩ
ս˵˶٣ֽ˵ǹԸ⣬ĳù˫ۻָ
Դ󾪣˫˵ģ
-

620 

սñ˫ۻָ
սЦЦĳȷʵԣֻǡҪù˫ۻָҪõΪҩ֪ɳۣ
ŵ÷ɿ졣

Ȼϣ;Բ
źܿ˵ھͻرԺ˻ͱȥ⣬սһ£취
ûսҪȴ뵽һƥս¹
սЦЦһ·ƽ
Żȥ
ս£ûʡ
ڲֻǸܳĹа취ǹô˵⡣
ˣȥȡ
űߵʱ򣬳̲û¶档
ߺ󣬳̲ųսǰĿ⸴ӵؿ
սܲԾüүڿʲô
ͻȻʵΪȫŮ𣿡
սһ⻰ˣŵĶԻ
ЦЦؿų̣ʣүΪʲôȫŮˣ
̵ɫͻȻеڣǹ͵ġ
ǵͷģ˭֪ȻĶԻ
ǹʹȥ
˭֪սȻôΣյ뷨
̫
Ůʵۣ
룡
̵鸴ӲѣսҪǳ̫ʲôˣ
Ůʵۡ
ʷǸŮʵۣɷŵϵģ
˲ף
һ뵽ɫͱ쳣ѿ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿսȴ֪ôء
սһܵӣЦҪ˵ŮʵȻҪ̫ö࣬أ
̫󣬿Ȩڻʵǻʵ۲ԸТ˳Ǹ衣
ο̫ס㱻ŰˣҲ֪˿ʵԸôˡ
ǻʵԸţȫŮˡǻʵ۲Ը⣬ŰֻںﹶӲд
̫ʲôأ˵Ůʵ۸ãȨգ£ĪҲӡ
̵鸴ӼˣŮʵۺܺã
˭֪սȴҡҡͷŶҲáʵʲôõģֵۻñȼ磬˯ñȹҪ췴µĳΥ
ս˵ͻȻЦ˵ΥҾһ¡˵иͷ𹱲ĲٵȥĹ̫ã˻ʵ۵θڡ
ƷʣֵÿʱʱãƷʱҪӰ졣ʱȥĹƷʲ֮ǰʵ۱Ҫ
ǹѴεȲȥصȵԼ͵͵ȡӣȵĲ軹ֵµĹ٣˵ЦЦ
̵ɫ쳣ѿ˾͸ðƤݣ
˶٣ֲһ䣺û˸ô
˵ƶսȴû⡣
̫-棬ڵۣɶĺɱ飡
鲼£ٹ١
˵Щٵĵ׿ʲôɫȥéĸСǶ֪
˭ǵƤӵ̰ۣ
Ҫ˼ֱ
û˸ңԺɾ˵׼ˡ
֮󣬺Ļʵۿûô
Ӷر
ҩ޵µĶܻʮ꣬Щķһ
ƷϸƷ
սҡҡͷȥ˯
ԵŮʵһ뷨ûС
뵱̫
̫󻹲Ůʵء
һ춼˵ġ
ĵǣ׶ӣҲø̫ġ
̫һ㲻̰ȨƣȻʵʮͰȨʵҲġ
ʵ۲ģǾ͸ˡ
ɵӲŸأ
ʷЩ̫һԸȨҲͲˡ
ûȨǵѱɡȥԹ¾
ֲɵ
սԽԽ
̿ﲻֵֹġ
ôˣ
ʲôأô
ս̾˿ûʲôǾøʿࡣ
˵ʵʲôõģ
һСģ˵ˡ
ʵȻûʲôõģ˾͸ˡ
ۣʱ򣬿ǲͱֶӸˡ
Ϊ˱Ƶװɵ
ȵ컹ùźޱ
װ
ҪǱƵ˾·ôעһѡ췴أ
ףôһ룬񵱻ʵҲͦõġ
ս̲ס̿ȥ
￪ʼ⡣
Ȼ뵱ʵۣ̿԰
ڵֲ
Ժ׸óϡ
̱ûëȻ඼ݺݴ˸¡
ʲô߰ģ
սգգۣһ޹ûУҾ㰡ѵ𣿡
-

621 ɳв

ս˵۾գҲգضų̡ͷƣӳս۾ҫǳ
̿˫Ŀ۾һԽԽ졣
һֱ֪սúƯһֶƯ
٣սô޲ɷģδ
Ҳ󣬲һŮ˳
۴ͻʱ֪սƯȴûи˼
һֱŮ鷳úܣҲԸŮϻѶ˼
ȴδ빻гһգȻս
Ů˼ֱǻֹǵ
˫۾ʵ̫ˡ
߳ŭš
˭֪սͻȻЦʵүʲôôˣǡĳôס˰ɣĳȻòүҲأΪɫأ
̸ˡ
һƿսˣ
֪
Ů˾Ǹģ
ոջ˵ʲôŮʵۣ̫ʵ۶ˡ
ھȻ
ʲôʱ򿴴ˣ
飡
ֲûмˣ
ԽԽߵ˶಻ʤͱˣ
սߣ̧ͷЦЦؿĳ˵үһ򲻽ŮɫȻүôˡôûһĵأѲɡ
˵ĬĬɨ˳Сһۡ
̲񣬻δ֮⣬ɫһǵͨ죡
һȣһץסս𣬵żαװӣ˱Ȼҧгݵ˵ձ֪
սȻһ£ȴûú£ֹסӣЦеشս޹ǵϣүѵĳҲ£
̵̡ɫһӺ͸ˣù
սգգۣͻȻЩ飬ǲòùͷˣ
Ƴ̶ʲôˣ
Ҫ
սͻȻ
ʱͻȻ㣬ݶܿԺ
ֻһͨլӣ˾Ͳܱȡ
طСȻ̷ɵġ
ǰ󲻹ӵʱ䣬Ѿս߿ҵĴţȻǰս˴ϡ
սˡ
ǴԽǰǴԽụ̂
ңڴȥ̣Ϊ߶ȵĹϵ̿ߴˡ
սų̣Ҳڿ
˾ô㿴ҿ㣬˭Ҳû
ʮӺ
ս۾ˣĽҲȫûˡ
üңŽڴǰһĳ̣ͻȻЩ
ڸʲô
ڵ
ոջͦ׵ģһ浶ǹʱˡ
òĲаɣ
սͻȻ
룬ɴ෭´
Ϊ̵ڴͷƹȥ˭֪յߣͻȻһǰ
սһײ
һ£ʶץס˳̣Ҫס塣
˭֪־̫ˣȻһѽ̵
սһɵؿץŵ
Ȼҧгݵ˵㡭ôȲ𣿡
սûУ
գգۣ͵̧ͷ̿ȥ
Ȼ̵ɫٴκ͸ˣͷð뵵
սذġ֤һߣüͷֱ׳˵˭ģ̫ʵˡ
ٴҧ㻹ҽڣ
սҲˡ
͵վӸµؿų̣˭˵ҽˣһͶϿˣʲôղҪͻȻǰ棬£ÿҪԡ
̵ȴֻʣ¡ԡ֣ԽԽȡ
ͻȻһתߡ
ս״ȥԡ
ԡ
ԡȴû̡
ս뿪ʱӣƲˡ
ôӵӣոնôﻹ
ɡ
սغһԹԲͷ
һ룬ͻȻòԾ
̲Ĳаɣ
뵽ܣս˶ˡ
ϸ룬Ͼ̿
Ȼͷɣ׼˯
ֱ£Ҳû
սƲƲ죬ˡ
˭֪˯˯ţȻΣ
ε˳̡Լ
ǾȻڡ
ս͵ؾ˹Ȼɵˡ
ô
ָʲô
սȵؿڴߵĳ̡
ҲɵˣʱսѾ˯ˣô˯ҹͻȻѹˣ
ʶܡ
Ҫܣͱսһץס־̫ˣ̻ûӦѾȥ
ʲôսѹųʣ˿˿ģѾˡ
ΪǸεԵʣȻһĺ
-

622 ǰ

ս̲סڳϲ˲䡣
˿˿Ŀ
Уȥϴ衣϶Ǻ̫ˡ
Ǹģö˶˵ģôΣ
ѵʲô
սܾϡ
Լ϶ˣ
̧Ȼ̵Ҫ
УҪ
Իȥϴɡ
սߡ
Ȼűѹŵĳ̣ͻȻ˸ղǸΡ
ʹģͷ
˲Բ۾𾪵ؿ
ܿ죬Ŀð
ձҵģ
£ˣ
ȥͲˣ
һץסսȻһ֣ᣱ
ҹɫԽԽŨ
֪Զ⣬ɢһҹĺڰ
Էսһؿų̣̣Ҷˡ
˲Ǻ·ҲƵˡ
ս´ֱȥԡ
ط·ҹʲôû
ֱݽˮϲŽȾ糺졣
սüͷ
֪ô£ҹͻȻˡ
ȻͻȻð˺ܶ䡣
һʼΪεԵʡ
ΪðģЩƬΡ
˭֪ͻȻͳ˱ļ䡣
űӣ޴һ׵Ů˵ļ䣡
ܲԾ
սԼôײС
ǺðĻԽԽ࣬ǿЩõȫﻹ˼ȥϸ롣
ʱú롣
Щ䵽ô£
ôţЩǡսһ
ǣԽʱʮ꣬ӵδļ䰡
ô£
ս뵽ͻȻʹ
Ȼֶ˺ܶ䡣
ʹͷҧûҳ
Щͻļʵ̫ˣó֪
ڣʹܿ͹ȥˡ
սһĺˮҲ
ϸϸЩ䡣
ԽԽľ
ȵеļȫ꣬սɫѾ쳣ѿ
̫ˡ
Щԭս
ֻͶִ̥
ԣʵǴԽԼǰ
ս˳˼
ϸϸֱ˺ܾãЩļ䷭ȥ˺ܶΡ
ȷľս
ǰûм޸̡
ʷص̿δ޺ֽɺ͸
ɺװ
һʼװû֪
ͻּûãɺͻȻء
ʱѾδޣȻ˶ΪɺǱ̸˵ز
˭֪ͻȻ̫ҽɺķ䣬̫ҽβ
ȻװƵͱ̫ҽ˳
ֵ֮½֪ǳ̵ֱʡ
Ϊֵ̫ѿ۷ǳͰ˳ȥ
̻ûϽֵʱ£պҵ
ʱӱ˺ˣЩ˵ˡ
ϲԸȫû޸˼
ȴֵ˾֪ò޸
ϲֻƣȻϸԲ
źˡ
ȴϽܣ˵ֻϲ
¾ͽ
ܣҲ鷳ֻԼӡ
͵͵ùһ˵ŪõĶӡ
£õ檡
ȻϴӦ
֣Ů˳˼檡
ʹ˽ӡ
ʱҲһȻڲܱȣȴҲ޸֮Ůӡ
ҲһֱŮˡ
˭֪Ů˶ԸȻƽ֣ƺƽ
ƽˣ˵еΪȴĹҲδй˼
Ů˾Ȼƽ
̣
ҪŮˣΪƽȴһֱš
в֡
¾ͽ
ܣҲ鷳ֻԼӡ
͵͵ùһ˵ŪõĶӡ
£õ檡
ȻϴӦ
֣Ů˳˼檡
ʹ˽ӡ
ʱҲһȻڲܱȣȴҲ޸֮Ůӡ
ҲһֱŮˡ
˭֪Ů˶ԸȻƽ֣ƺƽ
ƽˣ˵еΪȴĹҲδй˼
Ů˾Ȼƽ
̣
ҪŮˣΪƽȴһֱš
в֡
¾ͽ
ܣҲ鷳ֻԼӡ
͵͵ùһ˵ŪõĶӡ
£õ檡
ȻϴӦ
֣Ů˳˼檡
ʹ˽ӡ
-

623 Сү˾

ս˳˼
뽭𽱳˵˭
ĿǰȽɵģʦҦ
ЩǳֶΣǰһֱֵ֧̫Ӻ̫һɡ
ҦñȽ磬
ȵȣ
᲻ᣬҦʵû
ʱѾǰʮĸ䣬;ִҲǸˣοǹŴ
᲻ᣬҦʵû
Ǹһѡ˼
ûôһֱڽ𽱳һеˣ
ˣ
ս벻
ǰȻûʷϼصȴҲûõĶȥ
ֻû뵽Ȼٻ
ϧʱû䣬ΪԼǸðƻ
ֱڣһС
ЩôͻȻðأ
ܲΪͳԲ˰ɣ
սܾš
϶ǱԵʣ
ҧҧٴ˳˼
˭֪ʱͻȻ̵ձû°ɣ
սͷ͵һͻȻ͸ֳҹĻҡ
ɫһӾǺˣû£ͻȻ
챻ˣ
̳ĬƬ̣սΪѾ˵ʱͻȻ˵Ѿȥһʱˡ
սЩȣô
ȫûо
ף
ȵȣ
ˮˣ
Ȼ̫ˡ
սݲȥˣȥƤҪˡ
һ̻ʲôֵ飬Ǿ͸ˡ
ŲҪôˡ
սˮԡ۳ȥˡ
˭֪մţͿվſڵĳ̡
սһ㶣ž;ЩԾ
̿񡭡
ʱ򣬳ͻȻֱۣ͵ؽ˻
Ҳ֪ôģӲġ
սײؿڶʹˣ
ܿʶ̹ȻܲԾ
ôˣ
̹ˣҲôɣ
ѵΪԡ̫ˣ
Ҳô°
úõĴˣһӣ
ˡ
սһ˭֪ͻȻ˵ձֱסˡ
ս˲ɴ˫ۡ
̵̫ʹˣǡ
̲סʵҲˣ
䣬Ͳ̵ͻȻһ
ܺã֤ȷˡ
̹ȻǸһҲˡ
ôͻȻأ
̫ˡ
սкɣʱҲ𾪵س㡭Ҳˣ
ͻȻ
ձȻҲˣ
ô죿
᲻Ҫ˰ɣ
ԣǶѾѾǸˣձٶ
뵽սøˣҪڻһ
սúѣ̲סƿ֣Ҫա
ͻȻס졣
˺ðβŷſҲ׼˵Ǹ֣
ս
ˣĴСүһȥˡ
Ǹ˾
˵ָʱҲʲô¡
̵ƤԱǰʵˡ
ѧˣ
սﲻϸ̣ɫȴͮͮġ
Ŭϧûá
ƫƫ̻òˡ
սõҺˣ
˶٣ͻȻòԾ
ǸҪԡſ£
ûط
߳ŭص˳һۣ㲻ﲻ˵ĵط𣿡
ʶ˿Χź֪ԡſڡ
ϱսԷ
սʪģŨŨˮ
һͷ͵ĳʪɢڱ󣬰ԡ۶ʪˡ
ԡǴ޵ģΪ죬Ӻܱ
ʪ֮ϣճƯĺ󱳺ͺǡ
̿̲ס̿ˮ
ǰ·Ҵȥԡˮһ壬ͻȻ˺ܶ䡣
Щȫ˶ˣ
սȻǰ
ĵǣǰ˿ӵرң
Ϊսƣ޸˰㣬˶˵ɱõ֣
˴Σ̡
ʱӦ٣ʿռĹķϣŻ˶ƣȫʬ
褲Ըò͵͵ǰϣæս
ʱǸ֮ţʹӦˡ
ֻսȻȻȫ
Ůװ
ʱֻŮͦģûرע
ȴ֣սһֱ뱨𣬶ܴѧʲôܿ죡
Ĺע֪Ͷ
ûзֵʱѾս
ȻϽ
ǻ˺ü꣬Ž顣
ΪݣȢ
-

624 

̻ǰԽԽ䡣
ȻԸսûûֵظ
Ϊս
ʵϣսץ褾һֱе飬Ҫս
ϧ鵽ȴ֣õȷǱսɱġ
ʱˡ
ѺҲǵԼ¡
褶ԸЩһֱû
ϧ뾡취ҪսѣȢʱ
ĸͻȻţʴܴ̼ԽɣҲǰ
ս˼֮Ҳŷȥĸ֮иԭ
ϧԷ̫ƻʱ򲻽ԷǳϾ
ȥأüھǡ
ʱǲȥԸʵĶɣὫȦ
òȥ
ȥ˷أҪٲĸ͸ԭҲϼѡ
һתۣ͵̫ϴʱ
Ȣҵ浱̫ƫԸֻܵ檣
ϧŮҲǸֶεġ
ڳϵϻʵۺȻһè̫ӣùŮĶӵԼģ˺óϱȻʺλͣĸƾӹ˻ʺ
̹Щ÷̡
뵽ŻʺٹͻţͱҪɱˣ
ǰ޸Ϻ󣬲϶Ըռҡ
ʱĸѾĿȫǣҪռ˴
˴Žǻ˳ͳǡ
Ϊˣھصİ׮ȫû
սռ˳˴ȥ˺⡣ҲȥΪ»˿
뿪
οսסںĵϣҪ½ȥʡ
ˣµᱻϵ˼ɾ
ֻ½
ͬʱЩ鷳
˭֪ͻȻУ˲һʵ۱㱩óλ
ϻ֣׼ȥ˺⡣
Ҳûú³ֻʮʵ۾ͱһƿСȥǸλӡ
ϧʱѾˣÿ£ҪҷҲ
ڣȫ
лᡣ
ȻһУͲЩ˵óѣ
ս
ȻЩ̫쵹Ƕ㱡
սûбƼ޸ؼ޸
ѧҽ
һʱͷ¶
ЩСҲûóѡ
һΣκź
ҪҷЩҲûлҽɽĻᣬҪսӡ
뵽̲סսĶӡ
սһץסʵ֣Ư˫۲صʲô
Ķأ
ѾԲˣҲôʵ
Ȼ˾һɰ
ĴСү
սƼˡ
ȴܸˡ
սץ֣ҲֻĿƵؿձӰɡԣһĶҪǶкŮҪ˵ô
սؽƿҪԼȥҲŲҪ
̴ӱסһôȻҪһǰһֱҪӵھҪòã
սòá
ӶʹŲ
Ȼô룬̲סӡ
ǰʱΪ¶ӣ޷á
Ծͳһܶ꣬׶ɱ׻ˣҲûһŮ
һεĻ
ս뵽иСΧת̲סڴ
Ȼ˵ձǲҲҪˣ
⼫ˡ
սֱӸһӣˣҲŲҪ
̡໡زҽһıɱ׷򰡣
սذһۣײɣһˣʲôơ
ŲԸֱҲ̫ˣɷ򣡡
ߣԼⲻ㿪˭
սһͻȻ̫ˡ
ɴʵȻˣĻ֮˶˭
һ⻰ɫ˲
Ȼ
Щˣô꣬ôǣ
ȻˣǰЩ̣Ҳһˡ
һΣٸЩĻᣡ
Ǹƺòһˡ
ǰû²ģǸСӡ
ر𽡿ر飬ԲǸʻĸرϲ
С۶ͦࡣ
ǸϺˡ
뵽̲סЦ
ӣǱ𳤴ˡ
սɫԾ̲ס˵ҦΣһɣڱ
Σյ۾Ҧȷܣ
-

625 

Σյ۾һȥ飬Ҧڸ϶Ź
սŬһǰȻֽһʷϵļأ˵һɣһ̹֯һ㻹ǵǰЩ
Ҫ⵹ˣɵȴΪĻҪǿö࣬·ﶼǵˡ
һ⻰ҲŬ
֪ʲôɫԽԽѿ
ս״̲סοȱ𼱣ȻһУ˵⡣Ȼ춼ڰǣǻʲôõĵģ
ǸҦ֮ǰʱһ棬ȻǸϺꡣҾãҪ飬ҲֱӲ
ˣ˾߳ǲھǵʱ֣Ǳ޳Ī
ȲˡȻϱӵļ䣬ϱӵЩ˶Ժúò顣
ǻصǣٶҦ֣ÿԣЩֶΣ
˽ȥ
սھǣֱӶҦ֣ȷΣա
Ҧڱ϶Ҳй˼ɣ޼ɵ
ĻβԼ췴ʵۣǵ췴ԼǸСͷ
̫ŹˣǵСĲǡ
˺һ˵ձ㻹ǵ㵱Ļ֮ǰ˵ҦĶܸܿйء
ҾãӦò¶ˡ֮ǰʻʱ췴˴֮
ǰ֧ϴ󣬺ϴλ˻ʵۡϧһ꣬ͱóǸӵ˻λ
ϱҲҦ϶ǹϾʱѾʮ꣬ȷˡ
ϾǸӣɲǸɵġҦԭӣ϶ܹϳǣ˸ݺģ
˵̵üͷѲɣҦܱһ˵ӣ
սǰС˵뵽һܣǶ᣿
ɫ䣺᣿
ս˵ͷǰҲǽʬꡣҦ϶ͨˣı£ӦÿԽʬꡣ
˶٣ַʬӦҲƣȻǿ㻻壿ⲻ
룬˵ܶԡ
ЩֻǵĲ²⣬ΣԹҦ֪
뵽ҦܿһеĻ֣̾Щס
ǰĸͻȻŸ䣬ԽԽİҲԽԽ塣
Щ϶ĻָĹ
սڶڱ߳ǣҪǳ£ǶȻ޳Ī
ôһ룬ͲԸڱ߳ˣ޲̲ϳɻȥ
üͷͻȻ˵ձǵ취ؾǡ
սа취𣿡
˵ȥǣɺ
սȵؿ᲻̫ˣ
ֱ׳ؿô᣿ȥӣֻһľ϶мҡ
ս
̲˾Ҳˡ
ɺӶˣֻʣһľľҪ˳ŻȥϿɺֻܹԹͷ
ƻʵ̫ˣ
Ҫǰ϶벻ôݶļƻ
ϧڵˡ
սĬĬͬ˳ľһѣȻʳ̣жٰգҸһȥ
ЩĶǾܾս˵飺أ򣬵һ
սҪǶˣľ߸ô죿
οڵɲǰ
սϴ赤͵նڵʵɱǰö࣡
ȥԭܸȫû⣡
ս˼ɱɺЩҲǲУ°ѱ
ЦһȻǱɱûϵ
սҲͲ˵ˡ
ֻҪϴ̵ɣ϶
˼ٰ̣˶֪һֱڱ߳ǣδ뿪
²Ҫս˵Լͽˡ
ܶ࣬вٸơ
һĸٰԼģڱ߳ǡ
Ȼһϵеİš
ҹɫ̤ããԭ
˽ͻزԭ׼͸ɺĴϡ
ֱӻ˽ȥ˵ǡ
ߺսڱ߳
̵ƽһÿȥӡ
Ȼȥҵֿһۡ
ص
Ϊǰòɱ˲߳Ǻܶ˼ɵ
ЩԱˡ
û¾Բ
һüȥû˷ĳͲˡ
ţÿ춼Ҫȥҩ
սʱ䣬Ȼָ̫졣
ҩЧ
ȴûʲôѹͲ֪սҽж
-

626 ŵ

ûսڸЧ
ͲԼֱָܹñɷˡ
ս˵ǷֻȥһϣڶսҩʱѾ˾
׸ȥҪԼˣ
սսֱֱָۣܹ
սȻϰװװæ
ǸܳĹĺö͵ġ
Ϊó⣬ò˵˲Ϣ
սǴ̽˲ٹؼϢ˳̣Ȳȥ˲ԭ
˵ܳ裬Ͼ幫ǳ
֪ϢȻҪȳ̺սЩ
Ѿǰļ䣬֪һЩ仯ȴһЩؼϸڡ
ŸϢֲȱ
սԼֱۡ
˷ܲѡ
մص齵ıԺͿ˳ľ
ľڵ
ֵǣɫܲÿ
ſ˲ֺܲõԤС
治ɫظľ˸Ȼ׼ˡ
ľɫƵؿȥҩˣ
Ƿϻ
ֱϲŵıˣôԵ£õʣ
ľûһ
ֲõԤбǿЩ
ЩһֱСĶųľ˭֪˼죬Ƕ㲻ˡ
˵ˣȣ컻ҩͱȻ˿ڻȾٴõ
˶٣ֲ˵ֱѾùһΣҪõûˡ
ô˵ˣľҪΪȥҩǾԵ̫̱ˡ
ľɫ˱䡣
űȥˣ˭֪Ȼô˵
ô˵ˣҪǲȥҩŵֱõ
ĿⲻƵضţɫЩû˵ʲô˵İɣ
ȻûУŵȻϣֲɵЩ˵ģôܸˣ˿ǵĵˣ
ܼסͺãյľ㣬κֱۣҲˣ幫
ЩǵĽɽǸϻزԭǹӡ˶ǵĳˣͬǳˣ
ñʲôе˼ǸյĿɲʲôöˣҪҲˡ
Ц
˵ȷйأɳľͬҲǺˣ
յĲǺöܹκֱֱۣۻָڱɷˡ
ľأȻͬĸĸ磬ȴȥ
յٲãĵǳġ
οڻҪյֱء
Ц󣬺ܿ˵ģԶԼݣ֪սթյҽȷܹزԭ̵ҽǼͣ
ľȵؿôģ
ŵ˵ͷȻ˵ҵȻôģѵ粻ôյôҪǵˣӦǴ󹦰ɣ
Ļʵ۲ǶܶɵôֻҪ취յĴزԭ˵Ϊϲңһزԭ˻
ʱ˳Ҳز˹ԹͶǣΪ£ô죿
û˵ѣΪȷôġ
ǸԶûȤҪɱһ
֮⣬ʣյмֵ
ϴεĶľ֣յĿӮɼʵǷ
սϣһԱͽ
ҪܹյŪȥܹһԱͽܹΪһʿ
Ǵһ
ʱ˶࿴
Ҫ£յģ϶޸
յĹֺãҽҲôøǿ
ҪǼ޸ܱȼ޸Щ˹ǿ
յôԺ˵ܹȨΪŮ
ľɲ֪ơ
ŵĻҲĶ
յȷʵҪģǵĸ󻼣
ҪǱȥԭɾҲû֮ˡ
˹Թ԰£ûб·ߡ
취ǲ
ŵԽԽˣȻİ취ó
ľ뵽ٿŵʱ˼⡣
ܿ뵽һ⣺յôҪôزԭ
µڿ϶С
һԵãҵֱۻûãÿ춼ҪҩҿԳÿȥҩʱĹϵȻһ֣زԭ
ľ˵ûȴ̫á
Ҳ˵ΪʲôǺܲҪʲô¡
ԭȸϢٳǷݽס
ֻ뾡뿪
-

627 ֵĻ

ľܾúܲҪʲôǳ顣
ŵĻ̲ס˼
˵û
ľϸĥһҪܹץյĴزԭҲǴһ
ڽʲôģԺ˵Ҳ١
˶ͨ˻УǸҵֶû޺أֱܲӲ˰ɣ
ôһ룬ܿ˸⡣
һۣûи
յĹ̫ˣҪץסɲס
ֱҩ
յҽҲܲҩĻ˵ᱻ֡
׵ķӡ
ľһŴ˳ȥȻĸ飬Ҫôյİ󵽲ԭȥ
ȴûʲôرõİ취
յ̫裬߳ǻôؾҪڳ°߼ܡ
ֻܵյĳǵʱٶ֣
һȣ͵¡
º󣬳ľͻȻһĻᣡ
ⲻ֪ΪͻȻһȺҰ񿥵úܣǴͷ·
Ϣܿ촫˳
ս֪ˡ
һҰȺ˲䶯˼
һ˧װǰϸ-Ͳɱ˳ǡ
˳̵һ
ϾҰȺô£Գ̵ҪǲȥԲܡ
սɴˡ
ȻҪɣǾͲˡ
ľԴӴս⣬һֱΧսһһ
˵ս̡͡˳ǣǳȺҰȥģľ̶˼
ĸһ󣬾Ͱĸ˳ȥ
װһǣȥפڹӪء
һߡ
սûã׷ش
شҲõҰϢõϢʱҪս磬Ҳˡ
ֻǳ˳̣ӸܹԹڳǣҪѳ
Ұѱɲץ
ҪѱҰˣʮоŸˡ
ɲó̳¡
ȻղѱҰɱֲһ
ɲǻӻӵܹҰģ
۾ӣĸǱĲ
Ҫ£ȫҵԴġ
Ȼûãͼ˳̸
شһǾ;ͷ
ս״ʵǹүİɣ
ش󷽳ˣûĳϣүĳسǣĪҪա
ԵӲΣǽ֮¡εҰȺģܴסڹ϶Ҳȥ
үȥˣʱһ˺ܻܿû֣ү
սûĴȥ
һʱ̫ң˷ˣǾˡ
Ӱˡ
ش̨ףȻ֮á
ݼܺá
ܿɫõЦѲɱôûãôŲ
רѵģڼ˵̵һģһ
شûǸðƻ
˵
Ҫ˵̫࣬¶ߡ
սһ㲻˵ֻ̫࣬Ӿˡ
ʣµĶ˵
̵ӾֻҪڳһקĶӣʱʱЦһˡ
شܿĩң
ս̿ʼݣү˵ҲûЩ⣬Ǹв
˵Ĳ˳ʺЩҲһүݹأȷաүȻĳȥҰ
ʱүѱҰںԺҲһ
üͷһܲԸӣȴû֮ǰǰ㿪ڷսӡ
شδɡ
һսһ㣬߳¾û˲֪ġ
ڣսٴȰүٲȥЩҰ˵Ҫץȥˡ
һ
˵͵תͷȥˡ
شʱ˿Ȼʼʺƨа취
ս˵үİΣҪүȥĳү͵
شһʱһݡ
̵ȷó£
ս˱ȭĳȥүǧСģҰѱεҰȺģӴЩ˿϶֣
սʱԼǹ׺ζЦЦ޷ĳ˵
˵꣬Ͳɱ˳ȥ
ش״εҡҡͷ
׻̫ˡ
Ұɲôץġ
ƽʱŵҲؿɿϧ̫ᣬһ£ͳסˡ
شεЦЦҲȥ׷̡ˡ
һߣľ˵̡شЩź
-

628 ˺ô

ľŵԺתת
ʱʱĥȭƣŲѡ
ѾźһУ˼ٰȥץյġ
ֻ֮ǰյһֱǣҲһֱûеȵֵĻᡣ
үڰˣ
ֻǣ̾Ȼˣ׻ǿϧˣ
ҪܰһץĹ;͸ˣ
ʱͻȻ˽
ֱųľ˵ҰȺˡ磬ЩҰȺô£ǲƵģ
ľһܿˣ뵽ĶȥˣҰȺʲôϵ
ûϵ𣿡Ųŵؿ鲻ѣ񲻶˸
˲ˣȻ㣬ĸȻŪôҰ
ľ̲ס촽ңΪ˵Щ
ר
ֺ
Ǹյҽǲ첲ѾˣھȻκˡ
˿Ѿ˲٣˵˰̻ڣŵǱȹȥöˡ
ŵ˼ǸյȻһ̵ĸҩȥ̺ۡ
ԽԽϲˡ
ѹֳ̻ῴһˣˣ
ľ뵽ͻȻֳսſ
̲ס̿ˮ
Ϊץסյģǰ˲ٺ֡
дҽ׼ҩ
ʱյľͷۣҲӳȥ
յĴزԭʲôͶʲô
ľ£鶼
һ֪ЩʲôӶüͷܿʵĸ翴Ѿ˳ˣĸҪץΣ
ڿǻڳҪͻȻǷѣҪӳȥ
Խ˵Խ˺ܶ
ľ£ͻȻϣɫʱѿô幫ôôС
ȻҲǸ㿴ʲôӣ㻹ʲôôСֱڶ
ɫ࣬˫ųľҪ
ľɲ
û÷
ľЦ㿴Ҹʲôѵ˵ˣ㲻Ǽ˵Ƕ粻
߬ȭͷȴҰô
һ޸ֻ֮Ů˵ȷǳľĶ֡
οҪԸľҲŰѳľô
̫ˣûʲô
ڱ̣
Ҹ磬ô㲻żЦݣҾǵģʵǺаܹץס𣿡
ľɲԼļƻ㲻ùܣȥú˰ɡ
Űҧǡ
˵ת˳ȥ
ȴ
ץزԭԼץûóľɹץס
Ҫǳľץˣ´󹦣ʱʲô飿
ֻϣǧвźá
ҪץҲץ
첽߻ط䣬һţɫѸ
ڵġ
߳ľЩһǸľһѳľŪȥ
Ҳóľȥˮ
ʵǿľҪĶ֣˿϶Ҫ١
һɲ͵ڿ˳ľı۰
ȴľȻộ²˵ȻŪҰȺ
˵ֵҰȺģܴ󣬳ľôŪģ
Ҳ̫ˣ
ľȻı£ڲԭʱôŪҰأ
֪ǣľʵҲͦȵġ
һֱûģҪ¡
һֱҪȥ
ûд󹦣ȥֻܷ
ŵЩֱ˵һֱץս
ƫƫսһֱٻ
û취ֻᡣ
ҰȺȺǡ
˭֪ȻŪôҰ
˺ô
ȵ𾪹ʣµľ˷ˡ
ı¿ɱ˲ˡ
ôҰ㲻꣬Ҳ׵ˡ
ʱЩҰɶˣ
ͺ˷ܣ
ʱȺҰյĻصԭǴ϶ģ
ľԽԽ˷ܡ
ͬʱսҵȺҰ
ʱѾвȵˡ
ˣҲˡ
æ
ΪҰ̫࣬˫Ҳûʲôͻ
ϾɵӣҰֲվԭصǡ
ҪȴǴ꣬ҰѾܹˡ
ȰЩҰסж׶١
ʱ͸ƾˡ
ΪæҰĴɱҡ
ս״˹ȥ
ܳҲһ۾ҰͷΪ񿥵
Ŀɲֹһˡ
кü˶ڳ֡
Ȼܵ÷ɿ죬֫ܴ
-

629 

սһƥϲˡ
ʵ̫Ưˣ
ѩײ˵ëģڷһ
ۿ˶սʱˡ
ôƯɲܱȥˡ
Ұ˭˭ģ
˹ȥ
ʱƥǼˣ׼·
ͻȻ䣬ǲʲôŤͷս˹
ս״˷ܵس˻֡

ˣ
߾
սƺЩ̳û˹ȥ
ˣٶܣһת۾ߡ
Ȼ˵ȥ
һĻЩʶսı߾ʱˡ
Σգ

׵úܣȥģ
ȴǹЦⲻѡ
Ƿˡ
ߣ˾ûʲôʶһƥ߲·ˡ
ǿȻȥҪˣ
ҿˣ
˵յʵܲưɣƥľ
ǣûˣñǣ
ǰض˼ȴسսȥ
뿴ֵ֣ĳʲôʡ
߾Ǿżˡ
ǿ˵Ĺϵһ㣬Ҫ£ῳǰɣ
ôңҰôࡣ
һ˦ǵñЩ
߾ԽԽ޲óȥս
˭֪ʱЩҰͻȻʲô̼һü
Ѿסڷ
ǵ̫һЩûӾͱˡ
ʱ䣬ˡ
ٿҲڷڣҪս˦ȥ
սȴǳһûóѡ
˭Ҳû͵͵˸ܲ
Ҫҧ˭֪ͻȻҧһںܲ
һ㶣Ȼ̵س
սĲӣСֹԺһô֤ĺġ
м˻һɲģ
ս˿ƻͬݸ
϶ˣһŵƻͷζſ졣
ꡱһ죬Ĺ֭˲Ľ˳
Ĵ۾˲սʹ˸ɫζ
սȴóһѲݣ͵ߡ
һƻ
ȻĴǿ׶˶ͻȻŵһصζ
ԥһ£Ǿһ
ҧĴ۾ٴ
ȻǸղŵĹӣۣȻǰԹĶҪã
սϲٴδյЦе˵ôû˵ɣԺң֤ĺġ
һ죬Ķѡ
йɺܺŵζǳϲ
Ϊôأ
Ҫ޶ܴӦ
Ȼûӣ
սָһܲȻĶ䣺ҪǲңԺɳԲôóԵĺܲߣȴһ٣
˸£۾Ƴսһۣˣôĳ󱾴ķϣΪѴӦˡ
漴ͻȻһ
սҲ֪ʲôȴһУʣµЩҰƺֵøˡ
ЩҰͷһͻȻ뵽һܣòᣬȺ׼СǸɣ
У
˭֪ʱԶͻȻڶ
սվϣִﳯԶһۡ
һͷˡ
˾Ȼ˴磡
ѵˣ
Ӧð֮ǰ˸ˣ˵ŵòԭϷণܶ˶ˡ
ôͻȻˣ
ս۾ͻȻ뵽ʲô
ʱЩѾŷɳ˹
﷢Ľ͸๷ʳһ˻Ƥ
һЩСģѾŵôȻˣˣ
սس˳ǣϣǿ϶ץģߣȥ㱨𣡡
Щ±ƣ
ģ

ôúﲻԾ
սȥˡ
Щ޾ȻҴ⣬ǣ
սһȥЩǾͻ
쿴ץס
ϵǸС˭ֵǿϣһץ
սۿǳ˹һͻȻ˸ո˳Ĺ
ݣ
֧
ܿ촩͸˺ü
ϻЦ˭֪ͻȻͱսļУЦ˲𾪺;֡
սֱеļ֧ȫ꣬һĹǰϸ-
-

630 ²һ

Ѿֻʣһˡ
˭Ҳû뵽սȻôͣ
˵ļһͲˣȻһü
ֱǸߵɱ
ۿ˵ʣµﻹǰ壿
һֱ޲òϳɵȥ
ʵϣˡ
ô죿ˣ
ǸϽ߰ɣ˻ˣֱǸɱ񣡡
Ҫٵȵȣҩ𣿵ʱҩӹȥͲˡ
£㿴ӣȥҩ
ԥʱսѾԽԽ
˷ܼˣһ˫۶ģŶŶŶҧҧǣ
ۿսϱƽˡ
乭Ҫսȥ
ʱսĵ
һ˳ȥ
ʱ䣬ԴѪɡ
Ҵһ̵Ѫ˵ӣһæתͷ׼
ս׷ȥ
֮ȫͻϼҡ
ֻʣ
ЩܵģɤӸ˻
ǣսشԼսƷȥˡ
ԶԭæǿһĻŵ඼ըˡ
Ǽɱ˵ģҲˡ
ǣյʵ̫ˣ
ֱͲ˰
һӳȥһſԴطֱ͸ׯһ

Ҳ̫ˣ
ŵˣԼҲͻϼҡ
սһȺսƷɨһۣλ¡
ŵ಻ͣ£ǵһã
ս̺һ
һЩҰǾڵøˡ
սЩסҰʵץҼҵʲô
һ⻰ɫŤˡ
꣬ЩҰ
ʲôҵģ
յʵ̫Եˣ
ô㲻ϣսѵڼϣǸұ䣬˭Ӯˣ˭ġ
Ŀĵϣ⣬ˡ
ЩһأȴһѪûմ
һĻ˻Ǳ߾þ㤲ѡ
Ǽ׵ӽ쵶ӳģûټѪ
ΪȾѪ͹ˣ֪ԭûѪ£
յĸɱ·˰ɣ
ѹôֱһԵɱ
ǿǴĿĵ⣬Ҹս䣿
һ׷׷ſ˼סҰؿսȺƺƵػ˱߳ǡ
սԶ󣬲˷߷߲ƽرԹյ̫ԵˣҰ˭ס˭ģȻȫռˣ
ԱߵƳһۣҪǲ׷ȥҪ
˶ʱŵɫһף˵ˡ
׷ȥ
Ķǵӣ
յô£Ҫ׷ȥ
ǿϧЩҰˣô࣬ȫˡ
ԽԽ
ЩҰĶİ
ôܵأ
ط˵ĵ̻̫ˣҪǳӪظͺˡ
ʱյĶʸ
ԽԽ
ٿЩʬ壬һЩ˵ɫˡ
ЩȻӣȴ
λץסյģ˭֪յľȻôͣ
ûץס˵ȫûˣ
ĵǣ˱ɱˣǵȻȫյˡ
ƫƫǻûҪ
ܲܳЩǵˡ
ֻܳưͿˡ
뵽֪Ļ˲Գľ˼ֲ
һߡ
սű߾ƺƵظҰȺص˱߳ǡ
ôҰԶܿ
ǽϵĳԶһƣܿ췢ˣϽϢ˳ȥ
ǣս˻ص߳ǵʱ򣬾Ѷشͳ
شսŵһ˫۾øƵġ
֣ƥɫĿôôҰ
òǰҰȺ˰ɣ
սƳһۣڣСȻŻˡ
ʱ˷ܵ˵㲻֪ЩסҰˣ
Щ˱⣬˵ҪǱ䣬һŵþ͸һ˵̰Ұˡ
شһ⻰۾ˡ
֪ǸŰ
Ҫڱ߳ǣﻹõЩ½أ
Ҫˣʱ˭˭أ
شϼ޻һЦܿʵЩҰҪδطǷŲôࡣ
ţʱھӪɡ
ͳ̻ؾǵʱһЩȥ
شϲôҰ㲻ȫ£ҲԳǻڵʱְ
ʱ˵ܲ
սЦЦĳҪүȻȥɡ
ȻӦ
ܿ죬Ϣʹ˳ľ
-

631 ɵ

ľһֱڱԺϢ
ȻϢ˶ɵˡ
ʲôȫˣ
ľ˫ǰŵ£ôյĲһôˣôᡭ
¶ˣǸյļֱǸһȥԴ͸üˣ
һӵͷͷˡЩ˶ɱģĶɱˣ
ӣǻǸϽӰɣյĿ϶ǸͲ˰Ӫصȫɳƶɱģ
ľЩɫס
ðΣŻع
Ȼúݺһţӣӻ̫𣿡
Ҫǲܣյľ㿴˳ۣҲûɱ
ҪˣǸյɱĽڣ
ģյôô
ƫƫ˻ĵˣ
ľԽԽ
һţͻȻš
Ÿ˵ҪյץߣزԭΪЧ
ľʱܲ
ֻ޲Լ
ôˣǸյĸͲˣ
ţҪǰ˵˵ôյ֣
ЩҰ
ľܿʵˣЩҰأո˵յĻ뿳ˣأ
һʹļ׵˵ЩҰȫյĴˣСǵŵҲˡ
ʲôôľ𾪲ѣҲ̫Ե˰ɣ
ؿһۣȫˡ
ﻹܰԵԵ
ľ˲Ѫӿ
ðΣҧ˵ˣεȷ£ȻʧһЩˣôԳ֣Ҳ̫
ڣҲֻôοԼˡ
һľʵˣЩҰô£Ҳ˵ֻҪŪƥҰװװӾˣôôࣿ
⻰һ¸ˡ
˵ôģ˭֪ͻȻܳһȺҰҲû뵽
ľ
£Ѿ˼׼ô죬ȫյģ
ˣ
ľñ鶼ˣЦˣϢյôҾͲųܷġԭ˲˵Դ߲ñ˯𣿱ӵҪã
˭֪ȴ˵ӣǸյĸ̺м鰡
ͻȻĳľ
Ƭ̣ܿ߳ŭ»õ˵ѵӲ֪𣿻ȥţ
ǡ
뿪󣬳ľðγ䵶Ĵҿ
ˣ
̵ôôã
Ǹյĵ׿ʲôˣ
ҪյԸƴӣҲ԰
̣Ӹ㲻죡
һߡ
Ů첽ǰСѴ̽Ϣ
󣬺ܿɫȻ
ã󻺻ЦҲ
֪յôױľȥץס
ľοʧС
ȥˣʲô棬ȥԸ
ڳľʧˣܹյģĹ;͸ˡ
Ҫôܰյأ
ûʹ˼ƣյĶûʲôӦ
Զôϲ
ˡ
òÿ
ǸŮðɣ
յĵ׻ǲˣ
ѵ˵У
žἫˡ
Լֱۣ˿Ѿϣǻûȫá
̺ͦѿġ
˵Ҫǳ֮ҩȥ̺ۡ
˿ȻЩʹɻѾûˡ
ĥһھͿʼ衣
úú룬һ׾赸յĿ֮󣬾Ҳ
ԽԽ˷ܣܿ쿪ʼ衣
ûãľˡ
Ȼ˼裬һݺݸһӣ
ʹòҽһһתͷͿľ۾
Ҫɱһľ
ŵôУ磡ʲô
ľ˹ȥ
ŭ㻹Ҷ㣡Һúվţ
͵͵˸ֲۣɵҪɵվɳľ޴
ɵ
űܱ˵磬Ҹʲôô룬Ҫôץסյģ
֣յĶһ٣˵᲻µģҪ˵㻹Բߣ
Ҫյɱ˿ɲģ
ľԽԽȴòϣ˵õȷû
յľǸҪɱǾΣˡ
ƫƫڻҶ
Ȼ͵ڸյĽڣɱ
ľŭţҪ㣬ôн飡
ȴϱںڹ
֪ľӣûóľֻ˵˰²ʲô£
-

632 ̻ع

Ų˦䣺ĸô룬ôãòײɵľ֣ô׾ٱյĸƽˣ
յľҲֻһˡҪЩ̫ûãôܱɱ
ĸ类߳ЩҲ˵սĸ绻ȥôĸ类ǵʲô˼
Уε鰲ŵҲֲ̫ˣҪǶలЩˣҲյӵ
ĸ磬һֱЩ˵ĵ˭Ļ˭ĸʧܣ
һ˵ľܿ˼
ȻԸԼŵò׵ŵμƻҰܡ
ԽԽ˵û
˵ԼһֱúܲȴҲԭ
Եʡ
˱
׷ţһۣʵֱûˣȻ衣
֪ʧˣԸ˵ɣ
˲ίĸ磬ʲô˼裬Ϊ˶Ըյģ
Щȥҩʱ򣬶취յģΪãһ㷴ӦûУֱˣ
ţֻϲ衣Ҵ赸ٳû֣ĸץס
ľɫ䣬ֻζؿҲ֪ûš
ŽŲѣһֱûӦֻ̽ĸҪǲϲԺˡ
ɣһ£ȳȥˡ
ľתߡ
ȥ
˵ûһֱµЩ˿϶һЩõ˼
пܣеѾ͵͵ͶЩֵܡ
úú롣
תۣʱֹȥ˰¡
սûȥҳľŵ鷳
ϾЩ硣
ڳ̲ڣųľţʱ˸˺
Ҳûš
ʱʱͻȥһȦŵЩ˶Ҷ˼
ǱЩͷɵˣ׵˶ʵ˲١
ҵҲ޵òˡ
̼ۿͼûҵֳ깤Ѿӣʼæװˡ
װ޺ú󣬺ܿĿƷ
иʳӡ
ţ򣬱߳Ƕôȱˡ
ҵϣƮζ
ˡ
ЩϡŹֵƷǿǾ治ѣ޲ȫزԭȥ
ŵֱϵҲˣ˵̺ۻûȫùҩѾ˺ܶࡣ
˷۵ĻֻҪϸ㿴
Ϊ˷ܲѡ
æµ˰£Ǳһ֧赸
͵ս
ϧʵ̫ˡ
ھսʱ򣬳̻ˡ
ҹ͵͵Ǳġ
̫ˣһ˿ʲôǲס
һ·糾͵ظϻصʱͷ˽ᣬһĺζ
Ϊ˲սԼݵһ棬ϴ裬ȥ
˺üˮսϴ¶ԡ飬ųװԼɾ
ȻȲȥս
գĴ
ʱ򣬳ڸս˵
ȥһ£ˡ
߳ǻԶɺͼλӵѶûü
ٹһЩʱգŵ˾͸õˡ
̰飬˼ĸ󻼣ԭľҲ᳹׸ı䣬õúܡ
Һսֿһ£ںòط꣬һ̶սֿ
˭֪˵ͷϣžȻˣ
ãôˣ
ս͵ҹʱ䣬ֱϵİ̺ۻûȫȥÿ춼ҩ
̸ˣÿ춼
սһֻҩѣ㲻׶԰ɣ
ֱðˮֶɲϡ
Цҿ֮ⲻھƣҪʲô
˵վ׼ȥš
սûȷھ͹ȥ
Ѿߵſڵĳ̣
ĬĬΪԼ𣺡ˣھȥɣԺҪ鲻٣ɲΪˡ
սҪţֻøȥ
ֻ̲ס̣ҩѣʲôÿģ
ҲԼһˣȻѧСԴף
Ȼźɵˡ
Ž÷ǳƯԸһ
ϴķ£ʽʱϴ²ࡣ
ֻǸƯˡ
Ϊ±Ƚϱ¶˼硣
Ķˣ¶ߡ
ֻһۣʱˣ㴩ģ
ǰ˵ôֱӡ
ڳ˾̿ɲǰôҡˡ
˵ʲô˵ʲô
-

633 جĴ

߳ʱ򣬻亹ȶġ
Ǳŵġ
ʵ̫ˡ
Ҳûʲôؿ׹ĸо
׼赸ûͻسˡ
ҷģ̿Ҫĸ첲ȶȫһ
Ҫ裬Ѿɲзˡ
Ǹµˣ
յĵ벻
˭ãôƫƫôһµĶħ
뵽Լ˰µ赸ô޼գ޵ĳ嶯
أʵ̫ˣ
ͬʱ
ߺսؿų̣ô˸ˣ趼ûء
ģ뿴裿
սֱ׳˵ȷʵúܲһֲԿ
ͦƯģģ
ϸģˡ
ϧ̾Ա߻ؿţǶ࿴һۣ˶ըë
ǵģǰʱҲСˣôôɣ
һǱͲµʲôʱ߳ŭձͲ
ﲻˣ赸ݶѣܲܰɣǰֲûս˵ˣ˭Ȳģ
̵˲͸ˣεؿһܿת˻⣺ϢӦûܿ촫ʱľ϶żǰæҪ˶ãǾܻȥˡ
˵ˣսҲüղŵĻ⡣
šʱȥˣҸʱ䣬Ҧ
˵üͷҾãϺǲöԸ
ҧҧֻҪڱҲŹ
ǰս˵һͿأҪЩƣսôô꣬Ȣ
ŹЩˣ
սɫܲÿʲôɴ಻ٴ̼

ֹ˰£ľڵõ˲ԭجġ
ʵͥ߹صҪôʱ䣬֮ôãΪŵһֱ׷ɱòײ˱߹ء
جĴľ˾ˡ
ľجģ˶ɵˡ
ɱֵܣҪλΪµĿɺ
ڱ߳ǣһعԭտ϶Ź
ǣһϿɺ˵˽ףҪС
ľԽԽ£æĸԲߡ
ðա
Ѿ·ߣֻܸڴ֮ǰȸ̺
Զڱ߳ǣƾ֣ǴյĶ֡
ǣԸ
թգһȥ˳̣̿϶ʨӴ󿪿ڣ
Ѿ·ߣôֻ·һˡ
粻˳٣һյ˸ûˡ
ľĸȥ̡
͵ˡ
ŵܹ߳ǣֱʡ
Ҫڰﻤţŵͱˡ
ľʱ򣬳ȴװøûһľͻȻãЩˣ
ľ꣬ôȻǵãӶˣ
ɲ˵ԼˣֻһȻѣ֪ԭѾͬ⽫ҺǩԤţ顣
ǸĴղͬ⣬˵˶սթԲܸսΪ˴ŭȴ壬ɱ˸
ҰģҶ˵һֱ˵ֻΪūһֱ¡
ȨɹΪµĿɺȻ£ԭɵӡ
ľ֮ǰѾĸ˺ܾã˵Ҳǰõġ
ų̵棬ͼӴףû˵յĻ
˵ղбʣϲ˵ĸκ裬­ǵƱ
ѳ̶ĵùǺ
ƫƫϷ
ϾϸŵĲ
̾ҪֳľλҲ̫ˡ
ľֲɵӣҪһڣ̾ڴӦῴͷй
οӦ̫죬ôľ̸
Բܳľô˵̶ֻţڡ
ֱľ˵ÿڸõ˵ȫ˳Ҳûʲô˵֮
̲ʾտƾƾʲô㣿ľô˵òҪ˰ɣ
ľ﷢ࡣ
⻰ͷһܿ˵ֻҪԸﱾӱ𣬲֮ǰһƥսӻóսΪл
򣿡̳ؿųľľӹȻ˵Ц
սľ
̹ϸˣȻԭô£ͲˣӻǾȥɡ
ľѪ
Ȼ뾡ȥ
ôȥ
ȥ
-

634 һ

˳ľü졣
ľĸȻҳ̸
żϻƤӶĥˣŵôǩ飬˵˳̰æ
Դǣ
ս
ǹ뿪ģҪ
˲ٱ߳һЩ
һ͵ϮǾΣˡ
սò
ȻøֿΪ˾ĸ󻼣սһؾǣֻô
һߣ¡
ձɱɺӵĺڹ˵ȷż⣬£ԭٹ⡣
һЩ˲
ڸ˴̣ǸϢ⡣
Գ̻ͳľȥ󣬳ľܿõһЩ֧ߡ
Щգ߸йڵģȻϣľλ
̰Լľɱ˴ձ
յĶȴֵµı˳ȥ
ľȻնݳȴҲó̼ڲԭ
̾Ǹɱµʵ̫ˣ
ڲĻ̻̣³̼ɱȥҲˡ
ǿҪľѳߡ
ľó˲ٺô߳
º󣬳̴űսƷص˱߳ǡ
ʱı߳ǿɲ֮ǰôˡ
ԭһң֮ǰЩȫˡ
̼³£ҲϼҴڵ뿪˱߳ǡ
ڲԭϴ˵ʱ򣬹Ȼǰ߳ǡ
ȫսʰˡ
˾͸ƵģһЩʣµȫͶˣ˸ɻĿ
̴ŶսƷʱ򣬾ͿѾһ뱤
ڸ顣
Ȳȥս
ʱսڳס
֮ǰµѾˣ۵ʱ
ֱˮˣžͺζ
ֱӷɱģҲûʲôռеӭҳ档
ս⣬֣ã׻ţҪЩӣ׾͸ˡ
̴ߵǰװӾͿ
Եսףһҧȥ۵˲䱬֭
һ˺üװӣֳսͷ
ͷģʮŴ̳߰˸ûԱ
ֳ⣬žñˡ
Ա󣬳Ȳȥס
֮ǰߵʱ򣬵ײųССװ
̫С
׶ˡ
̳װӺͷﻹס
ر뿴׷յӡ
սЪһЪһ裬ȫƣӣֻôȥˡ
ʵ֪طԼһ˾ȥ
ոջò׼սøֿ
һȥˡ
ȥ·ϣѾ׼
׸ʲôģߵʱͼˡ
ǸӳøƵģǴӶϽף׸Բһǳһſװ
װҲйˣǳж
ȥ·ϣѾһĶصײӦò͡
׵ǹĹ͵װ̻ˡ
һ׸ͷװĸ
ѾùĹ͵ģ¶ͷҲúܣۿҪ˶þջˡ
бء
ϸƣܿ췢֣ܶ׸ϣװĺۼ
üͷһ壬̲סսװôˣ˭ɵģ
ѵ͵
ս͵ĵȻҪȻӪͳá͸ﺢӶֻһĵ
ŻȻԭ
ܿʣҪǶʩʣǲǾͲˣ
սһۣôϣ
̣
սո˵ĺӶˡ
ս˵׿ԵԣҲһˡҶţе׿϶áĵˣʣµľܳ󣬲˷ѣճɡ
̵˵ͷ
Щİգ̫Ӷ˸
ҪǰѶĺʣµĺӾܻˡ
׻ǿϧˡ
Ҫǲȫܳãǲ϶ˡ
ֿЩӲӵװӣðβ˵ܷܿˡʱ򣬸ʺĸ϶ܸˡ
۵λǱڸ
ҪµʳܹȫµİղǾĹˡ
ʱ򣬻˭˵۲䵱ʵأ
ݹǸλҲˡ
뵽סս֣һǲˡ
-

635 

ǣʹ
ۿųۣ⸴ӡ
֪ǰ̴֪űȥԭʱжൣģ
СҲ̫ˣ
ȥ߳Ǹ㻥УãȻȥڣ
̫ˣ
ѧ򣬻Լɱתˡ
ֱߺߡ
ȻдŵսƷˡ
£СӵȥæĻȥٵģȻôţս
Ŷˡ
ǸϱҲǸʡĵġ
Ȼȥ
óɹˣ
뵽ͻȻ˳ˡ
Ӷϱͷ˵ûߣӵķڹ쿴Щӣ
˭˵ȥ
У
СӼͷˣȥ춼ҪǸͱˡ
һתҪдּó̹
ۺ棬ֳˡ
СӾȻ˵ڱ߳˼ĶأҪȵĶٻ
ߣȻѧֵˡ
ֵص
︹̣ͻȻһ¡
̺ս빬ŻʺսһǧĶء
սֳǮΧĶ
Ȼ˲ͣڡ
Ϊսݲͬ̽ص
Ķصһһ
ׯڣֹѼġ
ûڡ
ңͷֵһЩͦҲ֪ǴĶŪġ
Ͱˡ
ǣͷֵСͲˣ˵رá
ֳִģҪͨĴһţ
Ͳ˼ƺҲҪȱĶࡣ
ۿžջˣģҪ߲١
źӣָˡ
϶϶ϱһһڣҲԽԽˡ
ӿһһңս
̫Ӿ͡
Դӹ첻㡣˴ǺӣڶûϲѶ
Ҳûʲôչ
ϾŹ˼£ûôġ
ǰȥɣˣѾ˺Ϣ
Ҳ϶йء
뵽̫Ӹʧˡ

ʱһζת۾͵ոӡ
ʣæո
һֱ͵͵עսһĶأ˵ʼոˣ̲סϱĸ͵͵˹
˵طһȣ
˽ӲӵӣȻнӲӵİӣ
Ҳ֪ʲôҲ߯ˡ
ܳԵİɣ
˵ǰˡ
˾¥һɫʲô
ڳҪôԣ
ۺ漫ˣץӸεġ
ȻֿЩ룬ũСظ
һߣԳһӣֻ˶̶̵׮
ԣЩӣҪֵġ
ۿЩ룬ЩȲ޲֪
ȻʱͻȻһ
ͷһʶȥһһէģ
ߣһ㶼أ
ôˣо
̣ͻȻָһ˵£㿴Ǳߣ
ʶȥȻסˡ
ֻԶĴȳϣһķĹŹֶ
վͷͷһͣܿ˳
ΪԶĲǺУ۲ɵܿʶʲô
ȥ
һ˺ܿ쵽˴ȳ
߽֮㿴Ǹ
ֻǶʵǹŹ֡
ͷһ֣ϻкܶšǵ״
ǰ滹̤壬վ˲ͣýŲ̤壬־ͻת
Ͱˡ
һȥҲôµĹͱùͺͺġ
ɱһʡ¶ˡ
۶Լǵãһ㶼ҵġ
ҪҺܶΣܰͷѸɾ
ڣôͷһͣת£ѵøɸɾġ
ҽ뿴ŹֵԽԽ졣
ͻȻⶫǰǼġ
ʱֻ˸ͼòû⡣
ȴ룬ⶫȻôõģ
ʵ̫ʡˡ
ۿһָ
ǵãⶫսġ
Ϊˣͷʲô֪
ͷ˾ͱ
ֻǵʱ֪ãֲûϡ
۾;úڡ
ҪһЩ˶ʡ¶ˡ
ԽԽա
ܾЩ漼֮ʱŷ֣ⶫжã
ֱعʱ۶ڵ
Լ˺ܾãųЩ飬̫ӡ
󳹵¶˾ġ
̫׶ҡС£ͼ֮С
̫ȻûʲôĽȴҲûֱӷ˵ȥ
-

636 ٵ

۾ٵȵȡ
յû죬ͽӵܱ
սũׯֿʼոˣ
֮ǰոӺͲˡ
ΪֵҪС룬Ϊ˱ֱִֻ֣ꡣ
ոʱֱӰȻɹɣִ
ٶȻȽ
Щڻɹţûʼ
ɹɹС
ĶոòˣҲɹ
ɹҪ̫֣ǾͿʼո˽Ӳӵס
Ϣ̲ס͵˹ȥսũ
ֻװȫͷİ£¶ңӲӵ
һɹЩװӶƯˡ
۲ѡ
£ʵҪʳã
Ѿ³ݣ̬ʮֹع˵ĻΪףԴһʳҲĥϸۣͷ
ŵǲ۸пһ䣬ֺʵζΣ
С˵ǻδԹ˵ӴϢ˵ǿԳСӰճɣһֱû
̲סʣޡ˵֮ǰ¥ʱ˹һΪ²ˣǸйأ
ЩȻӰճɣΪҪôС׸ɲ˳ԣ
ʳ
ĲãԽСˣ֪һܳüװҪǲȥģֹӦ㣬еװá
װ󣬾͵ʵһ׳ʵģʣµĶȥֻµװܳøá
ˣͷǵŭ˲Ϩ˻
ЩӲӵװӣ̲סʵãһĶջ٣
Ӧмٽɡ֪۵ݣû˵̫࣬µʱﲻոжвɹ˲֪
ҲǣҲûٶʡ
ֻﵽͦ⡣
һü죬һֱ˶ũߡ
ũҲæòС
ոӺͲѶҪɹֵЩӣҪɹҲһ
С£ȫɹɣˡ
ܿ͵
ͷݣһʹȥ
ֵЩӣĶһǧٽҡ
׵Ķһǧٽҡ
ͲѣȻҲͣﵽٽ
ЩƷҲͰˣũֵЩͨӺͲѣȻҲͷĸߡ
æׯĲ֮ĻͲðҪˡ
ׯӣĶߵĶٽͲߵĶٽ
⣬Ҹϲ
Ҫ֪սũͨӣĶﵽ߰ٽͨͲҲٽĶ
ǹ»Լòء
뵽ͻȻͰǽˡ
ǸСºܲһСũʵ̫ˣȥׯ
Щʳʵ۵Ҳܸе
Ҫ֪ׯĲɶǽڿġ
˵ֱ׵㣬Ǿ˽Ǯ
ԺˣǻʹҲܸе
ôһ룬۾͸ǽˡ
˭֪ʱͷִϢũжˣ
ϢЩ񣬺ָʲôˣ
ҲץӸεģ޲͵ȥ֣˵
۸ˣ
ȻҲ֪ʲôֻͷƤ˵ūҲûǳĶӡ
漫ˣɴһӣȥ
͵ȥˣ
ũһѾ˳װڳء
ۺؿš
ڳƻƵģࡣ
ȵһĶص꣬Ȳ˳ˣ٣
¿ͳݣ̲ס˲ϵĺС˵һĶͳǧٽͷ࣬ʵʵĿ϶ûôࡣ
ȴû⡣
ۿˣͷȻȷʵ࣬Щಢࡣ
жأ
ôҲٽء
һٽͶˡ
ôһ㣬ĶȻﵽ˶ǧİٽ
ǲ֪Ҫôԡ
ȻûԹۺԳԡ
ʲô
öߣӲۿˣȫأӲȣһ·˹
ڶũպûϣһȥˡ
ȵĺڳأҲƲסˡ
һڿͷĺġ
һĶصĲȻﵽǧ
ⶫҪƹ㿪˭˵ã
ũһ죬ȻŻ˹
˷ܵú޲ҫմӣըˣ
-

637 ؾ̫

ۿƪĵͷŭ𲻶Ϸڡ
̻ӳľع壬˵ЩǷףɺôȴʵʵģ
ʮڣ嶼½ӣһһֱֻͨнס
ʮʱ䣬ǲԳûѳǽ޵øι̣ԷչãϢ
ôĺôǰѲɿ
ƨ
ǷǾó˴󹦣·̫ԲŹⵯҪѹĹˡ
Ķӣɲñƣ
һѽѻȫƵ˵ϣȻũĲͳƣصЩ
ʵϣЩͱҪٿ
ٿ
ֻпЩŵĲŻЩ
Щ
ߣ˭ǳ鷳˭ȥ
Ҫ˶Ҫô죡
뿴̵ķӦǹеĵȫѹ
תһ¹ȥ̺սǻ˾ǡ
ֵ֮߳ȫѾոˡ
սֵϻޣΪ׳ʵֱѰĸճûþñ߳Щľˡ
սųòˣЩιشͷŲá
ӲǰֵЩϻȫ֡
ͷֵģҲˡ
еϻȫ֡
ջӣսһûҪȫش
ĿռѾ˺ܶ࣬ͷջЩӡ
ֵ߳ЩΪֵҪȾոҲЩ
ȫոشҲƵģһ˷ˡ
ո׵Ҳ˱߳ǣֻһؾǡ
߳ǿຮǲ֮
߳ǵĺܶϲζ˶ϲ
սʵʱժ˲
̴ţȽ鷳
Щţ󲿷ֶҪؾǣٶȡ
ֱһº˲Żصǡ
Ȼһϴֱӽ˹
ǰŻʺһֱܲġصضսŻʺѰûʲô⡣
սȻܾ
ջصɰ㱨Ϣ
ũոˣۻȥȻ
ˣҲӹܼ֪Ϣ
ڱ߳ǵʱѾոЩĲ
սũ߳ǵľҪֵöֻ࣬ߡ
ۿǲǱشǻҪԾ
̲סһش𾪵ɵȻĬĬ滻۵ֵá硱˳
սʱǶ̵ġ
˽ͷ˿ȥۻ㱨սȥ󹬸Żʺ밲
ǣܹʱ̫СﹷҲڡ
뿪ǣѾ˰ʱ䡣
Ҳ߸´ˡ
սȥȸŻʺ˰ָ̫
żʱɫش˹һۡ
˰ʱ䣬ȻҪȸǻǿˣøСèƵġ
ϧ첻㣬̫
öãŻҪȽӲˡ
ݲ˵СҲ׵ûѪɫ
۾Ѿˣģ̫ﰲسս
սͻȻͿСüͷз·žȺ;衣
ʱסˡ
ô£
ôСĺӣô˼
ǲˣ
ҪٿȴǲʲôͻȻת۾ֳŽ½
ָͨӲˡ
սȴûɾ衣
ǰĳϿɲ򵥣СС;Գ˹˵Ĵϻۣĺ
Ϊ˻λ׶Ū
ˣôܻ᲻裿
ڹȻСҪǳʲôʡ
ڵȷ̫Сˡ
첻϶ҪӸЩ
ʲô⣬;㡣
˵ĺӣʲôΣ
ǵСЩ
һʲô⣬ô죿
ս뵽̫˵ÿǽˣĸأϧһֱƫҪСΪ
սһЦ·ûеԣһֱҰģ˭֪ǻʲô
ү֮ǰԶڱ߳ǣһ뵽Щ˵׺ݣʵǷĲ£Ū˸СãΪү
үƽˣ˴󹦣ɼݰõġһֱδܽĸ밲ȷҵĲǡ
˵תͷŻʺ󣬿Ͱ͵ʣĸ󣬶ˣɡ
-

638 ɳӻ

ŻʺȷʵˣĸͷΪĸӣɷ
˵ҲֲסֱЦ
սǱ˵һ졣
ȣӣǲ̫˵㣿
̼䣬սͻȻһǿҵĵ⡣̧һȻ̫ڿ
Ŷԡ
Ĺ
С޵һ˫۾Щˡ
սȴ
ڱ߳ǵЩӿû⹷ǹ壡
⹷²ǰ㣬ǳǾ͸˼ˡ
ǲ֪ǰĳϣĸ»Ұ
϶С
С
սЦɫƿĿ⣬
һ˾ҪǿþˣȻʲô⣬Ҫ㵽ͷϣ
ٹעû˰Żʺ˵Ż
̫Ȼܲʹ죬ʱʱҪϼ䣬ġ
žζˡ
սۿţЩľ
̫ǰȻҲʲôӣαװװһӺݵģ·Ѿĸһ㡣
ȴ˼̡
̫ǺܲùӶˡ
սвЩ棬ԲǴ̽ʱ
Ҳȥֻ̫װʲôûһ㣬Żʺ˵
Żʺ󿴲ȥˣǾ̫̫˹ڣ̫ȥЪš
̫ܲģȷʵûʲô
ȻӱùŹ֣ǶԹӻǺġ
ԻǱŹ뿪ˡ
һߣŻʺ̲ס̾˿㿴Цˡ
սûӻ
̫ٲãҲϵĴɩŻʺ׶ϱ
ο̫ΨһӣǵճŻʺﵽ׻Щͬġ
ŻʺΪţ˵̫ĲãϱҪǽ˻Եſˡ
ŻʺȻҲԼʧ̬ˣϽ˻⣺ˣ˵Щˣĸ˵˵߳ǰɡ
˶٣̾ϢĸҲǺ֪㸸ʾȻȥ˱߳ǡǱ߿ɻϰߣ
ս˵˱߳ǵȤ¡
һߣ̼ۺ󣬸۾˱ӣȫڳǰ
Լ
ȴÿֻǳЦھУǶ˵ǲ١
ŻѪ̣ò˸Ǿ͵ôӣǺ޲ðѶźá
ߣһȺʬλز͵ĶȥߣúÿЩ˶ʲô
㵹ǰˣûһܿʵ˵ɣɺôģ
װɵȻǱܵɱģȻôģʱûţô£Ҳ
ۺɵؿ˵¸ûϵ
һ޹ôô룿µȻûϵҪͣβֱ壿
һۣû˵
һԩıģ
˺ðΣ۲ʣЩô£
ͲµԲȣֱӰһõ˵˳λɸģһʼֻ˵ܳԣԵʳ
ΪǵһμʲôĶϾũһ㣬ʣµҴȥ˱߹أ˾
뵽ȻܲͣζҲܲţ⣬ˡ
кȿųԣֿɺɣúܡ
ô˵ͺܲˬ㵹ʹ죬ţˡ
ʵ۶ţأ
ԭţҪصģɱ
ΪʵۣҲ
Ȼǰŷʷ
Сӵãȥ˱߳ǣñʵ۶̹
ԽԽˬ
Ҳȥˣ
ƾʲôСӿԳȥˣʵ۵ģҪƵıڻʹ
ĵ
УǨ
۷߷߲ƽţȻ뵽Ǩ͵޻ʹ޻ʹ͵һӣͷĻ˲Ϩˡ
˵Ѿڷɣ󣬿ҪŪȴûôס
ССġ
ȻȥҲ̫ˡ
ׯճҲ
˵µĸ߲ʳӻ̫ˣҪȫƹ㣬ûϲʱ
񲻹ǹ⻹˽⣬òôǮ޻ʹ
Ǩһ£Ȼֻʱá
뵽͸ˬˡ
˭֪ͻȻ˵ʣȥϡ
۵סȥϸʲô
ֲʲôõط
˵ô󳼵Ҫһ罫Ϊķأöȥϰɡ
𾪵ؿų̣ӻˡ
-

639 ʧķ

ۻɳӻˡ
Ȼʵ֤̲ûƻðȥˡ
һ̸۳ɹ˵ˡ
ǵڶ糯Ħȭ׼õĳһų̷ѵʱۺݺݷ˸
ĳһһ¡
ǱСӣ˰
һ£۶ûɫ
ȵһӱСӺڶ֮ŭѳ̵ķظĳϣҪڶǰؾͷӣ
һ˶ˡ
Ȼڳٹٶóδ󶯸λ𣬷Ǳˡ
˭Ҳû뵽Ȼѳ̵ķظĳϣ
ʲô
ּ⣬͵һ˳ԡ
˺üȦ̫Ҳվ顣
ͷҲ׷վ˳ðջس
۸ջ𣬲ǳһ٣Ҫ̫ӺͽҲȥء
Ϳˡ
̫ǴĶķأ
һ죬۾͸̫˿̣Ҫȥ
ŵóһȫɵۣʧķˡ
Ȱȴȥֱɢ˳ߡ
ͳ̲ظȥ
̫ԥƬ̣Ҳȥ
ۿݡĶӣûЦһǸʲô֪ˣ
ȷʵЩˣ̫Ҳŵˡ
Ψг̣Ӳ˵öȥϣȥǡֺα
ʱˣ磡˵ʲôأʲôطȥĶãǵȥϣ
˵ؿۣҲ̫ˣ˴󹦣ʲ˵ͣȻѶŵȥĶʵģ
һ
꣬ǳ˶ǵȥϣˡ
ھȻڹ
仹֪ôأ
˵Ϊʧķˡ
ԽԽ
׵Ķӣ˴󹦣Ҫ˷ǵȥϣô⣿
ӵı˹˶Ȼװ
뵽һ
ʱ̫˵ܣô˵أʲͷϣ϶Ͻϸ
һ֪ˣ̫ڵϡ
ɲ̱ںڹͺݺݵ˳һۣ˶ô˵ˣô˵ģװʲôưͣ
˻һ̫ӶЩȻ
̲װưˣ˳̹׵ԼȥϣҪġ
̫Ӹˡ
ǿʵڲʲôõط
϶Ȼȥϣ
òӱ¿˰ɣ
˭ֽ֪˵ȥأҲҸġ
£̫Ӹɵˡ
̲סԹ磬ôܵûѽ
ؿΪҲ֪һֱæ׬ӡ˵׬ǵʲô˼
ȥ˷أôôڣҪͰѷѷصĸ˰ǲŽб£
˶٣ֿ̫ӣ̫ӣһֱ飬ѧٶҲ̸ֽʲô˼
һ֣֮صĸ˰ȥ̻գ·ѧá
̫üͷ˳˼
ǲòϣ⻰ȷ˵ȥˡ
ΪУ˭ֲһҵأ
̲ס˼ȷʵ׬ӣЩ޷԰ˡ
˵û׬ʲô˼
Ҫܹѷһصĸ˰ɶģ
ںˣԺͿڴǮǱǵӺõöࣿ
̫Ҳ
Ȼ̫ӣЩһֱڱ飬ûʲôʵ
ֻؿ϶ҵԴ
˵ۺǼٵġ
Ϊ磬һж
ܰЩΪ˵˼¶
Ϊһûзء
óһ֣ԸһطչȭţǺ£
֮£ǣһȫвͿǳ
ֻһ֮أӰȻûô
Է֡
պǸλãҲ˾飬ͷǣűߡ
̫뵽мؿ˳һۡ
ȴû˵ʲô
Ѿǰļ䣬֪λҲһЩʵ
ֻϧλʱ䵽̡̫
ֵܶ˵ط֣ǾͿ˭á
˱Ƚϣ˭˭ʣȻҲһĿȻ
ǰ˲Ǵ磬ȻҲҴ籨
á
ǰǷսģúֲȫõһУ͵ǰ
ᣬлǣ
-

640 ϲ

ۿ̫Ӷģʵ˵˵ɣǶôģϴ˵
̫ͷһֻӲͷƤ˵ȫƾʰţ
Ȼͬˡ
۸ովѾ˳Դ˲⡣
ֿ
ûڣ˵Ҳû
۵˵ͷȻˣǾͺúЩʵ˭ҪǸҼ˰գ޵ıӿɲ
⻰һ̫Ӻͽ˲ϵƤ
ǿɲ밤ӡ
Ƿ׷ױ֤
һֱۣͷƤˣ˵̫أֻҪ֣㲻
㣬³ç˺䣬űˡôųȥ޻ǲġ
Ƶֱţʣôͦõ𣿡
һǵ飬˼ó˵
ʱ˵ǲģβܶలżǿţҲڷ´
ˡ
ʵϣ̴˺ܾá
ȻͿʼˡ
ûһʡĵģҪȥͷûţ˭֪ǻ˳ʲô
Ȼð˿ţͬʱҲǡ
ȻҪ´ӵҲû⡣
־˵ˣӲ̸֮
ӵķ˴˿϶ӵû̺á
԰˿ž̫бҪˡ
ȻĻĶİȫųȥ
ȴ֪۵˼˳̵Ļ󣬾͸ƤҪˡ
۳һ٣Ȼ˿ڡ
ʱ˵ʣ˵Щ첻㡣̫Сû취۳Ͷ١
ڹ̫ҽţҲܰȫЩȻһ·۳Ͷ٣ˮǡ
Ļû˵Ȼڳ˶֪ʲô˼
岻ãСȷܲõ
̫ӹŸˣ⻰
ûѻ˵꣬Ǳδ֮ŵòᣬæ󽫹ڹ
һɴ˵Ǿù£нϣһֱãҲɡ
ǹĸףףȻĸߡǶڹȥɡ
̫뵽̫͹壬Ȼû
ʵϣ̫¹ӱࡣ
ҲûԹԡ
̫ԭ䷢ޣƴΪΨһĶӡ
㲻ϲ̫ڵӣȴҲû顣
Ϊ̫͹壬˶˺üȦÿοǣ;ġ
뵽Ժ̫͹ڹͷڿ˼ȥǣ̫Ͱ˿
ô
ָӳ̸һһЩط飬ۿɫԽԽˣ˴ţһԡ
ѾܾûԹͬһ鶼ͦӡ
Һ˻ȥ֣ѵûеĸ֡
֮˶˲١
Ȼµûвɢϯܿ㷹һѵõļҲɢˡ
̺ͽóڹ̫ȻŸԿˡ
ֵǣЯ˳ȥ
ȵе࣬һ·ģֻų̵ֱ۲Ųˤ
߳ŵʱһľһЩ
ɻЩԺ
ΡĹǽֿ̣ͷʣ硭ǡ桭Ҫ͡;͡ͷˣ
ǸأҪȥͷִһ֮أʵˣ
ҡŸջûأֵžһ£Ҫˣ
ǹǽһۣ
ȻһѾ裬ԼҲһš
ڳϿһѾҩЧϷӣҲԽԽѡ
ų̣磬㵽ôģҪȥϣ
ݳŲ͵ƣƹ°ϰȴӰţУܣͲСˣҲʵЩǵ˿
ȥֲǲܻѾ˵ˣҪÿؾһΣ㱨ʱֵܻپۡ
ĨĨУȻô˵ˣǵܵҾġʱϴݺݱȥ˭˵㲻С
̵ɫʱеڡ
׻᲻˵ˣ
ôͲˣ
̺ݺüͷͻȻʵϵˣϲѶ
ʱ
˰κ͵͵˳һۣǿһǹġ
ûأ֪̾ˡ
˵ɩӸЩҩԡ
ȻɩӻⱾ£ѵѵɩϲˣ
³̵ɫٴκˡ
-

641 ҹ

ֱѽһ٣Ȼﳤȥ
ʹƨɴӵòͣš
̲±ֻһȳһյػȥˡ
ͷѾȷֻʱʰɲøϽؼҰţ
ѾϢ֪ĳʲôء
εţӿ˲ӡ
ͬʱ
̫ġ
糯֮ûã͵Ϣ
һʹʹ̫ȻҲ֪ˡ
òʹȥ޲̰̫ӽйȥѯʡ
ϧ糯̫Ӿͱ۽ˡ
ڶҵȣҲû̫ӸȻ֪
̫ʳûãӲǶһ졣
ֱɫ̫ڻˣڼ̫ӡ
̫һ죬ӵĻ־¡
һ̫ӣ̲סˣ£ôڲŻ˵⽫ɳȥģ
̫ӼɫãΪǵĹͰοģѾ˵ˣ͹Ӳãڹһ·۳Ͷ٣Ǳ߻ˮӡ
⻰һֻ̫
һ죬һֱ룬ۻֻһʱ嶯ġ
ֻҪǺúȰȰ۾ͻջس̫ھǡ
Ͼ͹Ҫһ·ȥﻹڣ
ȴ룬۾Ҫ͹ڹֻ̫һ˳ȥ
ֻ̫춼Ҫˡ
˵棬ڹ
ǡ̫ȥˣһھʹ˷ֿȵպټ̫ﻹ͹ĵλ
ο̫ݹأܲһȥҪź
̫ȥ̫׼˭ȥ
ò£̫֪𰸡
ǲĵ˳͹ڹУǵ׼˭ȥԺ
̫Ӳ֪˼ֱ̹Եʵ˼Ǵȥ
⻰һ̫;һ£Ǳ˵ͷһ
̲סʵɵһǰͷ
̫⻰ʱüͷЩá
Щһֱûʲôʵֻؿųʵζ
񸸻ͨԸȥִһ֮أлչȭš
ܲȥ
ھȻԹ󣬿ɸֵ׳꣬ôҲٻʮꡣ
⼸ʮʱ䣬ѵҪһֱھ֮У
ֻгȥʵҲ򸸻֤̫Ӳ֮
Ҳ¹ѫ
̫ӳɫؿ̫һۣ󹬲øӲãͱЩˡȻùȥµȻóȥ
漴ߣأտɻãȥ
̫ôȥˣûôϣǰһ󷢺ڡ
̫Ҫˡ
Ҫһ
Ϊ̫ȴֻܴŹڹ
ĸӾô̫ˡ
У䣡
ڹҲûкô
ĹǵճۺŻʺȻϲڹƤӵ³Ȼϲ
ʱӣǵϼָܻ
Ǹ̫ӳȥӲڹúţùֵۺŻʺġ
ӨӨǸֻҪ̫ڣӨӨһӶ
ǲġ
̫δʺԺĻ̫
ֻҪţ˭ҲԽ
뵽̫ٴδ˾

ҹ˾
Сۺһ㣬˷
ӰϢСͷȻɵطΧǽۺԺһʵ޻ǰ
һӣյķ򿪡
ӰϢ˽ȥ
ڣϵ͵˫ۣ
ȴʱһĽдļͷĲӡ
ЦҶСĵۡ
һ嶼ˣֻӵؿˡ
ֻ۾λ¶ڰ׷顣
Ĵ磬վǰϲ
ȴЦǺ£ҹģȻƶСۡ
˳սͳҲȡ
ҦԲͨˣܹܵȻϵóϵϢ
˭Ҳû̹Ե˼
սЦʣʦñ£֪ǻ˹ʦĲӣʦɻܻ
Ҧ򶨣⻰̲ס˸£ƶǵúʱ
ƫҪء
ս˵꣬еĳǰһ͡
ҦͻȻһ׹⣬е˿
սɫһ䣬ѸһתٴγҦϴȥ
ͬʱҲ˵
-

642 㲻ս

̵ĵޱȣҦϵİ׹ܿͱ˹㡣
Ҧŵô˸ɿ㿪˵
µȴûֱӳƬ
Ҧץ˰ѷվڴβλþؿˡ
֪ƶ˺δֱӶƶɱ֣
ʲôԼ
̲ϻֻһ䣬ٴξеĵ
ҦԱŵòᣬӳ
ϸһӳģһľơ
սһ鿴·ЩģҦһЩ²⡣
Ҧֵߣһޡ
ȻνķǰС˵ľԼϹģҲ֪ǲ
ǳ̣츳ԼԹϴ赤󣬸ʵ
˱߳ǺûͶι̡
ǿռﳤĹӣҩٶ˳̵Ķӡ
ʵҲԽˮǴߡ
Ҧʵͺһˡ
Ÿս֣Ѿ׽⣬·硣
Ҧķǲһ㣬ӦƷ
ҪƷķƷӦҪЩ
ϾնǿﵽƷĳ̶Ȱˡ
ɳ̵նͣҦķƷԸЩҲǳ̵Ķ֡
ȻûãҦķͱùͺͺģɫϸ˿һأʣľһزβĶëһ
ҦһѪ˵ϡ
Ҳ֪ģΪ𣬵ˡ
սĬĬվһԿ֡
æģɳƺзйĻɴվһߣɳ̷ӡ
û뵽ҦȻô£Žûþ͵
ѪɫһƬҰףǸһ
û̫ɥ֮Ȯģ
ǰôһˣȴͳһͿء
ս̲סüͷп޳
Դǰļ䣬ûٸ̻ǰ
λؾ·ϣҲ۹ҦǸС
ȴ룬Ȼôס
սĿ⸴ӵؿҦȴףͳܹʤȫǿռԵʡ
ҪڿռõЩֵ飬ͷƳϴ赤ͳ̵ʵͻͽ
пռҲһ档
̵ϣͽТۺŻʺ󣬽ΪͷҦˡ
ʱҦ˼ɣûж֡
ǰȵߵڡ
뵽սͻȻ֣һĸǰһˡ
ǰҦϳ̣һĸ̫ӡ
һȴƺûô
Ϊ̸ǰһ
ҦҲǸͶ߰ˡ
ǡʱҦͻȻ˵û뵽ȻߵһȻѾжһɣ
ӵɽȻãҲ˼ӰˣɰѲϲȵϳڣ
˵˿ѪȻĻԵƶҲֱ˵ˡƶǴ˼֮ˣ
ƶǰסĵطܶ˶׷ɺͳƶˣ츳ܹһ;
ϧ˶˴˼ء˴ϡɳѳΪ˵
ƶ˼ҲȥˣԴ˼䲢޶⡣츳ڴ˴Ҳֻûˡ
ܹȥƶԭ磬ȻܹʣΪ콾ɵõ
˵ʱ۾˸ȵĹ⣬ȵX̷ӡ
սͳȴĬȻֻĮؿ
Ҧһ˲޷ӦЩˡ
ô£
˵ô࣬ôһ㷴ӦûУ
ͲܸӦ
ѵǾͲɳ
ҦвʣٴοڣҲˣ˼̫ϡ٣޷ɣó
һֱڴˣҲܹñͨ˳Щֻܻݹǡ
λ츳ѵԸһڴˣջΪݹλԸƶԺȥƶ磬ܡ
˵Ϳսóһơ
ƣҦ֪Ϊͷ
ܿƵģﻹǾ쳣
ǵʲô
Ҧ̲סɴ˫ۣҪøϸЩ
˭֪ǰһĿھһۣ
ŵûһ˫ս
ϧսźڲ۾ԲˣҲֻܿڰ׷ӡ
սɫ
һѪҦ˿ڷɳϣܿ챻ա
Ҧ𾪵ؿһĻкܿ˲²⡣
ս̲סʵƣǴĶģ㲻ս㵽ʲôˣ
ѵ˵ʵһ
-

643 û˿԰Ƿֿ

սûлشҦĻΪѾûҪˡ
Ŀռƺܲһ㣬Դӵõǿ鴫󣬿ռͱ˺ܶࡣ
ǱƺҲ
һʼΪһĲӣ˭֪ʵߣԭܱĲӺͷȻ˲ݡ
ҩģҲƷġ
֪ȥ滹᲻µݳ
ƣǱϵƷġ
ֽķЧҲܰԵ
ֻҪһ˵ͷѪͷ͵ס˵
ӴԺ˾ֻӺ
һ˱ɡ
ս֮ǰѾԹķЧ
ͻĳľӺŹķ
ô飬ҲΪȷһʧ
֮ǰһ׼ù
ƺĿˡ
ʬʿྐྵȻѾһ⡣
ʵ¡
ĶսȻá
ǿҳϣҲҳϡ
ҦãǶ˲İˡ
뵽ҦղŵĻսͳ̶һۣж˼ƽϡ
Ҧܿλ棬ϧ̫٣ɳɾޡ
˿ڿ˵ʲôͳȻһҪԭ硣
ӪӪΪ˻ȥˡ
սϸϸҦζ˵֪ⶫʲôȻˣ͸֪һ³Ρ
Ҧ˸¡
ʱ俪ڣ֪Ķ˵
սȴͻȻʲôֲѾѡ񣬲ȴ㡣
ڷԣ֪ȫǣƭҲǲ֮¡
ĻҿԱ֤زȥߣֱӽǣһҳ
սݣ˵ӾĶŮɡ
Ҧ⻰Ȼŵòᣬ۾Բˣ㡭ħޣ
սмЦһ·ǳĲ²⡣
Ҧ׻ˡ
ȷ磬ȴħޣһֱ޵
󣬾ܷ̫٣ξҲûҶħ
ħ޵ֶ˵ģ֪ǣħȻܿ죬׽ȴ쳣¡
ط̫٣ĵرҳ
׽٣ֿķûУֻᱻɷɻҡ
һֱûҶħκ󣬴ӹ˺֡
Ȼ˲ĳɹ
ȴ롭Ȼħޣ
սˮΣǴΣѾħ޶ˡ
ѹһжˡ
뵽ħ޵ֶΣҦһ£Ǳطԡ
Ȼ֪ǣսĺ˿
ôҲǿܶС˵ˣûȥɽ磬ҲС˵οο
ɽ粻С˵дŻҦǹˡ
˵ˣȻ磬˭ֹ涨ֻһأ
˵ˣûҦŵҲ˵Լħ磬ЩħֶΡ
ţѡ
Ҧģ˶ίѾˡ
̼״û
ں֪Ҧսղ˵Щʲô
ǰЩܡ
˺ܶ࣬Ҧ֪޲ԡ
ȵ֮ͷɫѾˡ
̺սֱ뿪Сۣ
ȥ·ϣս˵Ŀ𣿡
ս϶˵Ӧÿţ㻹ǵģͱˣɼĻõġ
ҦˣӦøԼŶԡȻҲô꣬û̫
ûԼ˲Ż޼ɵҦŲͣȴֻǵıĬĬƣ޼ɵˡ
̾˵úܶࡣ
ҦҪûԼı£ıȨλˡ
˼ϷĻλһֻ޵ԭ硣
뵽ͲҦǸ硣
˿ͨݵء
ʹ˵еʲô
ֻǲ֪ҪôȥǸ硣
漴뵽ս
תͷԱߵս
ʱѾսǻɫĳϼôվϼ·ڷ⡣
ǡʱһ紵˹
սǱ÷Ҫ𻯵ɣȥ
һæס֣۾ֱؿձǸʦ𣿡
ʣԺǲǻ뿪
⻰ôҲʲ
ٵġսĿ̹Ȼغӣûʦֻ㡣
һ죬ȴ̲ס˳Ժ󡭡
սȻһЦԺ£˭˵Ѿѵֵܷÿ𣿡
Ҳ̲סЦ
ǰԵ֣û˿԰Ƿֿ
-

644 ϲ

ʱһζ
ѾôΪͬ
ϡ
ԴǰϾͷƶϾͷ˷츲صı仯
޽γͨպͺͿɹ׻ĺΡ
ͷҲһҲ㴬˷ã﷫ع
ЩˮҲˮ硣
ԭƶʽĿຮ֮أ·һգۣͱ˱ػƽıء
ǵ̼
ϵˮͺζҲܵ׷
һƬƬũﱻ˳ֲĺˡ
ֻһʱ䣬ƹ㵽ȫ
ȥϲȫγ泡ͨ˴Ĺ·ؿѧУ͹
֯Ƴµ֯Чʾˡ
ŮֻҪͨˣ֯ÿ¾׬ȡǮ
ӻѧһ˳ĹˣϥŮͿѧؽÑ
ӸտʼŮʱ򣬻кܶ˼ҲԸüŮӵȻѧ֮ŮӱԽԽࡣ
ϣŮӽҫ
˭ŮܹԸ˴һ꣡
ͷϣһҾ޴ĸ˷緫ҪԶ
սؿţ׵ҪߣȻ˺ͼֻ֮Ƕ׫ȥϣҺʱзˣʵ̫ࡣ
οؿ˰֣㲻ȰˣȥһлˣǾԲıġ
˵ѹҲȥܼܲھŰɣٴȥϹͷҪˡ
˵ˣҿûЪţ͵ųȥ֡ڿɱǰˣҲ¡
սʵ֪ѾֻЩ᲻ðˡ
һȥûи϶ǻزġ
ҲһȥȻһ˴ھ֪ء
Ҳգǰùϴ赤ڵݣҲ
οȵúܣû̴
ڼţȥչȭš
Ѿ˴͸ź磬ͷװ˲ٳʳܹõĶҲܶεģҲᷭ
źγȥ϶ܹƽ
ս̾˿ҲգȻô˵ˣŮֻףһ·˳磬Щ
ҲȥˣϧʱС
ۻںŵȴóðôķա
̲ȥ϶Ҳܳȥ
οؿܿüͷˣͱˡүҲúúõ¡
ôˣûϢǼˣ
ŵĻԹͳսƮ˹ûУڴˣ
սһ飬æϴˡ
ٲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô֮ԣ
Ȼӵ𺽺ս̲סۿ޲÷ɵȥ
һסģǲµġ
սϣһȥҲ֪ܻܲ
ӵʱҲһξ͹ȥˡҪûҾȥǡ
á
սӦһʹ˹ŨŨĺζһüͷ
̷ˣĵôˣ
սҡҡͷûʲô
θﲻ̫ڳǰҪǿˣû˵
ǻȥɡ
ǶˣٿȥҲû˼
Һζʵ̫ˡ
ϲζ
̼ƺ̫ɴ
˶ίԼӣϵ޵÷ǳƯ𾩳ľҪûʣۼ
˻صûã͵ŵʱ
սһϲ㣬˭֪ڣͶĵ˳
̵ɫ˲쳣ѿô£⣿ȥҽ
ҽԼϵġ
ǳսľ֮ΪĥϧƤظܵ
սͳ̵ʱ֮ʣҪϣҪֲ٣ȻӦҽĸ档
ҽϴ꣬˻Ȧ
ϿҽѧԺͽ
ϵҽѾȫÿ춼в˲Զβ
ϵرĲˣϵϢܿ촫ȫأͶ
սͳյȫգܿϵĸ˰ʮѽ̫ԶԶ˦ƨɺͷ
ҽúܿ졣
սŹ֣жˣ
սҽ֪ģܲڱ˳ɹ¶ɣ
̴ߴ٣ȸ
ҽԹ
սŴ˸
ղųȥҽʱѾԼŹˣӦϲ
ֻǡʵ̫ͻȻˣЩȷû˵
̽ŵؿҽҽɿʲô
ҽ͵͵սһۣϸϸһЦеس̹˹֣ϲүϲˣ
-

645 ¾

սϣһȺСѾΧź
˿ιߵѣŸ߸ͦĶӡ
Դϲ̾͸˸Ƶģض·ģһľˡ
ЩϸѡСѾߵǶͦ
Ψһõǣ챻̺ЩСѾͶιŸֵûۿˡ
뵽ս̲סͳСա
ȻԲԲģ˫°ͳԣ
УȺһҪ
˭֪뵽ս;öʹ
ûгֻǲüͷ򶨵ظԼ˸
˭֪ͻȻһȡ
ãҪˣ
սһҧ׼
˭֪ǰͻȻһڣ
̧һǳ̡
ǽţôˣǲǶӲ
սʹšһѣ죡ҡҪˣ
һ㶣漴͵طӦսܡ
Ѿ׼׵Ϊսﻳ̥Բͱˡ
̱սһ·ɱؽ˲
һ·ߺ׼
սŵϺ󣬳᲻뿪ŵһߡ
սȴӲǽ˳ȥ
ǰôҲǿӾģŮӵʱرۣеøң鶼ġ
ɲó̿Ǳӡ
ְѳ̸˳ȥֻɰĸԱչˡ
һ׼ţˣɰ˸ѧ
￪רŵĸҽԺŮӿҽԺӣշҲ͡
ɰ˾ҽԺ֡
Ѿ˽ˡ
ֻɰˣûš
Ҳ׼ţԱߵķš
ɰʲô⣬š
սԼҲǴʵָߣֻҪ˻ţʲô⣬Ҳӭж⡣
սĶԽԽʹ
ԥһ£ҵؽ
ȴ򶨣˲ð亹ʹӡ
һԵɰˣ
Ҫǿսϲð亹ǶҪΪսһ㶼ʹˡ
ǣıͽܲͳһһ£
սɲô룬һҵؽţһŶӡ
ȻǰδӣΪһҽ֪ô
ҺֻҪϸϸܣ֪Ǹʲô״
ս򶨼ˡ
֮ԲҽУó֪ʹˡ
˶ǴӣӲǴԼĶģĶ֪жʹࣿ
սҪó֪ˣ
Ϊ̫侲֪һӺܿˡ
һͳɤӡۡ޺·˳ίƵġ
ɰ״Ͻӱۺ˷ܵضս˵ϲǸСү
ս˵ͷȻزҽ
ŵɰѻĺӸˡ
ܿ췴ӦСıźӵԱϴɾС·Сӣٹ
ûãڶҲˣͬ޵óί
ϽѺӱսϲϲǸСү
սĬĬһ£Ȼҽеøˡ
Ҳ֪ǲǱŵˣܿȲسˣɤӿؿ޺
รӣϲǸС
ս˿жˡ
˭֪ͷתȦĳͻȻ˽һ˴ǰŵץս֣ʣû°ɣ
սҪþӣЦ˲佩Ӳϡ
գգۣ˺ܿͱسЦЦɳƵ˵үģû¡
ֱؿܾúﲻ̫Ծ
ս亹кʪķ˿ʱ˲öˡ
ŵؿսһҪû£Ҫ£֪𣿡
ս⸱µӣͻȻ
ʵڲ֪ô˵ͻȻӣ̣ȿӡ
һߵɤ۴ޣڱ˭޵Ƶġ
Цųӿȥ뵽ԼǰһӶӵУȴһ;ø㡣
ɰ˴ذѺӱ˹սͳ̻
սСţ˭֪۾޺СͻȻ۾ɵ
֪ճСûȫ͸ƵģֻܿĶ΢ԶͿˡ
ڣ⺢žһʵӰӡ
С˫ʪ۾̲סЦ
ͳ̵ĺӡ
ǰӵеҸ˻
ս̿ȥҲ˹
˾ôźӶӣЦȫ㡣
ãǰ룬ܾѡ
ܹ¾ãŮڻ
󲻹ܷʲôߵһܽҸȥ
꣩
-

646 1 ̫۸

ǣʹ
ۿӣ֪սӣմá
һʱϲȥŻʺϲѶˡ
ʱŻʺܷ﹬˱飬΢Ц
ѾˣȴΪԵʣһֱǺܿͬ亢ҪСܶࡣ
ڹﾫţǳССģСӲ
ʮִ൱ѧ
ۺŻʺϲϧ
һʱ۲Ÿȡ˴̫ϺŻʺ󶼲̫Ӵ鱾
ԳȻѾʼˣԼʱȴ٣ߵ˶Ҳûʼ֡
һʼ̫ߣҲ֪ô£̫ߵʱʱʱҪſޡ
Żʺ֪ʮɴߡ
࣬Ȼͬһ㡣
۽ʱ򣬾ͿССӹؾصţģġ
Ц߹ȥһѽϱ˵ȻЩʧ
̫ˡ
۵ĹܲϲĴӡ
ССģܾò̫
ϧǰֻгһӣ㲻⣬Ҳϧúܡ
ںˣһӶӣһСŮ˷ܻˡ
ͻȻ۱һ
ܿ侲͵͵۲۵ɫ
ЦݣЩ⡣
ŻʺûصһۣǸʲôСŵѹ£
Ҳ°⽿ӸˤˣӦһ
˭Ҳû֣Żʺ˵ʱ򣬳С죬Բ̫ˡ
һҲϲС
˷ܵŻʺ˵ǱϢˣ²ʲô
ŻʺһЦø⿪ģ˲תͷʵ̶˵ʲôˣ
ֵùЦСӣһСŮ϶²һӾһŮֵб£
վһԵĳ⻰˲˾κˣ
Ȼ˶ӣ
ŵսȭͷСֱߣʹɱ⡣
Ƭ̺͵͵̧ۺŻʺȥ
ѾϲʤʱΪܡ
ӣ游ͻĸû˸ˡ
ʲô
Թߣ˵
ۺŻʺ󿴳
Żʺ˷ܵȥϹЦݣȻѾˣ֮ǰȻһϢûУ
һӾҲ̫ˡҲ֪ô̥ɲס
۰οİɣӺõúܡԼͻҽȻεϧӻ̫С۳Ͷ٣ֻܵǴһЩܻ
Żʺ⻰ͺʧ
ں뿴ӣ
Ҳ֪˵û̫Сˣ·һ˷磬ǾΣˡ
ŻʺȻźοЦЦ̶кˡ
ȴͻȻǰб¡ȳɻأڶûϢûã
ŻʺεЦЦʲôҲû˵
ҲʧɴϵĶһֱûϢܲдȥߡ
˻˵ѶᣬٵȵҲûʲô
غһȴû˵ʲô
ȷʵᣬȫ
ҴϺôǽһֱûϢҲûĴ
ģֱּܲѴϸˡ
ֻܿԼˡ
ĬһͻȻߵ뾩֮ǰصشȥҹ϶ϻϿҩ޿ûúҩȻҲڵڶûϢ
һԵŻʺ⻰ϵЦݾ͵˵
Ҳֻ֪ǴϺܿ뿪ǾͷȥˣЩҩͲˡ
Ϻʹ϶˶һȴϢûУŻʺЩ⡣
ȷûкúҩǵж̫ҩҲûá
ϱһֱûϢűӵģ϶ʧġ
ȻᣬҲʮˡ
͵ʱ򣬶ӶܳȥˣȴӶûС
Żʺܲʧ
ԥһ£Ǵ˽Ϻõҩģ˸ȥ
һߡ
ѽӵıϲźһҹû˯
ɩһ̥ޣڶŮˡ
ɻ꣬˵ˣŮûУ
ֵǣôˣȻд
̫۸ˣ
ԽԽȻ˵¡
Ȼסˣһ
ȳһߣص䣬Ӻӵײóսҩ⸴ӡ
սҩ˽ҽ鿴ҽ˵ҩܺá
˰ҩҲûƼЧͻҩ
˭롭
-

647  ̫ӵ̫

뵽һֱûϢսȻһӾӣȻɬ
ҩԥһӺ󣬻ǾٳԳԡ
ֻǵҩʱδ߳ѣ³
ҪԣȻҲó֪
Ȼ̿϶֪͵͵ҩ顣
Ȼ⣬̲סսӡ
ҹϢʱ̾Ϣɩ˺ӣǴϲ£ϧڷأٲ뿪ȥϿɩϲӡ
أô˵Ҳ̾˿ܿ´˾񣺡ʲôźģɩ˺ӣĸ϶Ǹ뿴
ҲǺڻС۳Ͷ٣򸸻öɩӻؾˡ͵ưɣϼ£Ӵˣʿ϶öɩӻȥ
ÿ궼ûؾǣʱܿˡҪ˵Ƕĺʲôã
ҪϲӣԼʲôʱ򿴾ʲôʱ򿴡㿴ɩҲ˶ڻˣ
Ҳúúҩ϶кӡڶᣬҲ¡
Ȼô˵ϵıЩӲ̲סƽ̹С
ȷʵҪӡ
˵ĺٺҲǱ˵ģԼôһ
սˣһα¶ˡ˶϶Ҳ
ɾսҲ˺ü
һֱû֣ж̶Ҫսö࣬ôҩһֱҲûá
Ҳ֪Ҫȶõҩܹá
ȷʵᣬǸЩʮŮҲܱˡ
Ҫٹ껹ûӣѾƣﻹסѣҪʲôסλӣ
Ȼ뵽Щ̲סҪᡣ
һжõճˮī࣬ʲôõġ
ɻü궼ûϢҲȻȥˡ
ûкӣʧȥλӣҪô
ϧЩѶ֪ҲҸ˵
ԴأѾһֱæüˣҲ֪æЩʲô
ѰæȴֳæЩͲ
ŬȥѧҲսôá
ǰս
غȻ뿪ɳһֱͨš
ʲô仯֪
ûǰ˵սʲô¡
ÿüɫ˵Щﶼɬѣȴֲұ¶ñԼЦݣóƳ
սٶ࣬ûкӣиο
֪뷨޲׵̲סܡ
ڣսȻ˺ӣһŮ
һӾͶŮȫˡ
ȻҲû취οԼ
ֻŬȥѧȡЩʵñսȵ̫ҡ
ϧվ˸ס
ֻǲ֪սӣв׵ĵط
ɻôòսҲһֱ͵͵ҩɣ
һӾ̫ŹˣҲ֪ǲʲôط
ȻԽԽշת࣬ôҲ˯š
ѱڵû˯ɴ˯ˡ
һѽȻŬһѡ
ͲˣԼͱȶô࣡
һһܵаɣ
ţŬŬܻջġ
Ŭˡ

һߣ̫Ҳյ˳š
֮Ҳһطᣬ޲ðѳ̳һ١
϶˺ӾȻдҫ
ͰˣȻҪֶֶŮ׼
֮˿Բȥȥ
״󲮣̫ӣﻹ̫ͨˣȻ䲻̫ӵݡ
ⶼ˵ʲô˻
״ûҲȷ̫ӡ
ǣ̫ӾǸ⵰϶׬ĽӶܶѳɽˡ
Ҳûǻˣ˵Ҫ϶һɽ
϶ĺƤȻصﲻ̫ܶӵݣ
֪ҵҵ˵Ҳ÷˸˰
϶ʵ̫ˣ
·ۣ⸳˰ʲôġ
Ϊϴ̫ӣȻ
϶·ݼˣ̫ѵܣ
Ȼܣ
øá
ԳЩóʣµǮԺ
ҽݣҽѧԺʲôģȻҲøŰϡ
ôһ׬Ǯȫȥ˲˵ׯĲ˽ȥ
Ǯ仨˲٣ɳЧҲԶ׼ġ
̫ӻǮûͦġ
ȻҪûгţܸĵ
̫˻ȥ˿ⷿʼ
϶ô˵ˣ״󲮼̫ӵģ϶̫ˡ
ʲôأ
-

648 3 鸴ӣ

̫ڿⷿϰ죬ϸѡ˺һҲûö⡣
ⷿĺöǻв٣ϾΪ̫ӣҲ棬ܲѿⷿĺöȫóȥ˻Ǯ
˵Ҳû˸
̫һʱ˲͵ģɾò⡣
϶̫ˣֱǸ
ҿܾÿһ
µʱ͹ȥ϶дẒ́˵͵Ĳá
飬϶Ǹ˶ó
ţˡ
̫ѾͷǺյϻ˲ƷεҡҡͷЦ˹ȥ¿ѡ
̫ӿڼ˾ƵģϽ֣ң϶һŮصдŹù񣬹µúúɲ
Цŵ˵ͷͰ¿
⻰˵ʵ⡣
ͻȻּ⣬̫һط̫ӳ
ƫ̫ոСûãһֱûã۳Ͷ٣Ծŵ³
ճʱҲ̫ܵӳ˲˴ݡ
뾹ǺߣԽʹ졣
̫ӴʱҲѧŰЩæǿҲǸˡ
̫ڣǺԺߵģ˳ƹԺ
ڶʱͷѹһ̫
̫к󣬻ʺܶҲĵ³˲
̫ﻳСǰҲܳж㲻ãǾĹ
̫СҲĵ˺þá
ڳ֮û˲ಡ齵̫ಡСҲĵˡ
ֻϧƺЩá
ֱȥϢƽһ̥ȴǸС
Сöˡ
ź̾˿ȴЦеذ̫ѡ
ЩƷһ˼Щʣţ뵽սӣΪӡ
һֱĽսЩʣҲսǰ̫ӡ
ϧ˲֪˺Ĳܱȡ
һЩˣʴӱǽ·֪֮Ŭ׷ϵġ
ѧŴ£ĵҲˡ
ȷʵȲսҲһҲԼóģֻҪŬﳤܶ̾ͺá
˻ϣҪúãͲһֱԼȥ
ڣŵ³˶ԳõĽɽҲʩչĻᡣ
ڶʩչĿ϶ޡ
뵽̲ס̫ӿȥɫ죬ͷǺӣ̲סڴһЦ
ܹ޸̫ӣߣⱲҸ顣
̫ĺܺá
ȻЩȽҲ̫㣬Ҳǿʲ
㲻信ȴĶţĺܺá
ܹӵеôķʲôأ
ȻܹΪӣǾٺòˡ
СһֱಡΪûپġ
ÿμˣﶼΪܡ
˽ĶӣӦûܸ˰ɣ
͵͵ƽ̹Сһ

ת۱
̺ս׼Զš
Ѿ˺üţǴǻؾǵġ
뿴Ůˡ
ʱ̫䣬·˶ۻصּ⣬Ҫǰؾ
̺սòǰ
Ҳ붳ӡ
ڸź˲٣ʰҪԶ֡
Ȼ϶æˡ
ɾˣ̺սҲûЪš
ҪչҪܶࡣ
˺ܶ㡰Ասͳ̻ǵԷԱĸϺͱʲôģȻһϵаš
ǽҪǰ궬Ż
֪ҪھǴܾá
ϲǱڳ֮ǰźøҳһš
һдú󣬳̺սʹӳˡ
ӲŰ㣬Ȼ̥սȪˮͿռĹϹ߲˾ţһһ׳ʵҲ
СŮ飬Ȼ̳սܣСʹ󣬰ﶼˣҸιֻ̣ܼιȡ
Ȼʵܲס
ϴ϶Ȼûм̳սʮᡣ
ϴshenرãӦҲƺ̳ݷܡ
϶ӵƺͦʱƲ
Ϊ̫Сˡ
Ϊöܺãֺģֱ۶źˣеӪʣӡ
ϴ϶ȻôȴҲҪͬ亢ӵϲ١
ŰѾǿܹվȣ·ˡ
-

649 4 ޱ֮ǰ

Ͼ뾩ЩԶսͳ̾ˮ·ȥ
ӻǵһһ˴˷ܵúܣĴ۾ص
Ҫµء
ս£ûʲô磬Ҳˡ
ľͷѧѺӷͷŮԱţԼţԶԶС˷ܵѧȥҲºӻ¡
վһԣ˫ֱ󣬿Żӣд˵⡣
ս˼ֻۣ۾
ͷˣԴ˺ӣ˾ͱòˡ
ǰûʱ򣬳Сģصط˿ڣ˰Ϣȥ
ʳסҲСģ³⡣
òװɵĲѣ޲ðѺӴ칫ʱ򣬶ҪѺӷƤӵ¿ţŷС
ս֪ΪǰľԲŸ⡣
ϾͳǰȻһȴʼûӵкӡ
ںò˺ӣȻϣǱ˺ˡ
⣬öˣ;ˡ
ǳ쵰һʼĵģӽˣ¶˵һԽԽˡ
ߵĶһǿ׳ţӣ±˲֪ӣж
ʵ̫ˡ
ս̼䣬̵˵㿴ߵöѽŰ󣬾Ȼ·ˣɱȹǿˡ
һˣأǸС㿴ǣ·оҪ˶ã˳·ˡ
սط˸ۡ
ˡ
̶ֻ˵֪ٴˣ䶼ˣǲӷ
ǹСһ˻ǲˡ
˵ͳԶϣѾסҦҦھʱʱľͻǴϢ
ڹսʼЩ⡣
ԶҲʱ̫Ծ
ֻʱ̫СҲö̽
ͳùͻС첻㣬ಡðն֣Ⱦ䡣
˵ʵ͹壬ĻԵ漣֣Ȼ϶
Ȼˣͳֺαɱ
ۺŻʺƤӵ£λֲɵ
Сʲô˼ôСҲʲô
ˣпܱ۷֣ʱʲô³治˵
ͳһֱûԹʲô
Իǰĳ𣬶ԹʮᣬԻǶԹ
˺Ժ
̾͸ˡ
ϾӪʱ䣬⴬ȫԼˣҲЩᴫ۶
ս˵һֱã񸸻Ϊ˿ӣϧǰ˵ҪǿǣҪڹô죿
⣬⻰ʱ
üͷϸһ룬ͻȻս˵»пܷ
ϾʾӣҲûġ
ֵܣϴֻйһӣȴǸ첻㣬ಡģԵҵ
ʣһŮȴǿһѾͷûС
ʺĸ϶ż
ӺСŮô˼˰ʺĸ˿϶ϲ
ദϼ£ﻹøǷֿ
뵽;ˡ
Ҳ᲻øӺ͹Ůֿѽ
սһᣬֹ˵⼸ӯ˲٣дӸ׬ĽǨҪճˡ
ҪǨ͵ȸǻʹ
Ծڿʼ޻ʹȵʽǨҲٹꡣ
ؼǣ۴˭޻ʹ
޻ʹɲС£һʹǸʵۺ͹סģϵش󣬸˿϶۵ĸС
һǨϢ϶ҪӰ졣
ʱ͸ˡ
ǰǨྩȻȻģྩչ
һӦûǻǨྩ
εǿԳ޻ʹʱ򣬰ྩһޡ
ྩزϱ߷ֵ֣ܹʮޡ
ǰΪԵʣྩش۾Ӹ߲¡
ǰľ飬ȻԺá
ǳ޻ʹʱ򣬰ྩˮӹʲôģðŵĶϡ
ǰʷʵأպǨȥ鷳
Щ飬̺սѾֻս˳
ԣɫ˱䣬ܿ˼
ǿ϶ԸӷֿģҺôСս᲻þôڹ
ʿ϶Ҳ뵽ЩǵºӣôһЩ飬¶Ҫһˡ
뵽̧ͷԶˮĳЩ
-

650 5 

ǣʹ
Żʺ˵Ż
϶ЦݣȻã£Ǹõ˰ɣ
۵˵ͷҲڴѣţӦÿˡ
˵ϴСŻʺƤӵ£⺢첻㣬СӾͲãʵ̫ܡ
ֻҪǸˣûϲಡġ
οһʵۣлλҪ̳С
һಡĺӣܹδλ
Ϊʲô췴Ϊֶ̫Ƕ״ಡ̫磿
״绹ڣҲδػߵôһ
ĽѵȻǸӲԸѴλһಡӡ
˵ģ⺢ܻܲ궼˵ء
۳⺢ӣȴҲڴܹнӣ
϶Ǹ˶˺ϢȻһֱ˵ֱӶˣ˽ϲ
ˡ
Ӷǰˣܹˡ
˵ģҲ֪ǲġ
ôһ룬ͷڴˣѹûֳǸӵС
ͬŻʺۣ൱ܡ
ġ
ǰжֵûȥظҲûڵͷ˻ʹĸ׽ϳ̫̫󣬰ѳֳäĿñŰս¹顣
Ͱˣĵǣ˺Ķһ쳤󣬾Ȼųžͳˣ̫࣡
ӳȥ˷²
ԽԽ꣬㵱
ЩȻĵġ
Ϊķչھ٣
谮Ů棬Ȼüüȥ壡
ȻûʵʵڵظñӣɳϻǾԼͷϳ˲ݡ
ȵͻȻк궼Ҫըˡ
˭֪ǰͻȻһڣţͷԼȻųһţܵŮ˵Ķ
տʼʱ򣬿ɰŵùǺ
ŷ֣ǸŮ˾Ȼĸϣ
ʶԼǻصĸ׵Ķ
ϵʱ鸴Ӽˣ˷ܣǾᣬǳޣڴ
û˷̫ãƵط֣ϵƢȻǳã
ǶҪÿẦܡ
Ͱˣ𾪵ǣǰ˶̾ȻȢȢĻս
ս֪ԭ޵Ҵޣеıã´
ôռȴ֣͵͵˳˵
սոȻظظβ
ð֮踣Ȣ
ûóѡ
ֻǣӦôģôͻȻȢս
ѲɣҲһص˹ȥ
²ѳŵˡ
ڶҲŵþجΡ
ƫƫʱ̫Сˣһѵʱ̫ݣǲ֪˯ȥˡ
ȻֻҪһ˯ͻجΡ
ӳ˺ܾãֱգ˯ţͻȻôӲˡ
˲ŷ֣ԭͻȻ˴̼ˣ
ǣѲˡ
ΪˮˣŻô
Ҫһֱȥǵñڽ϶ﲻɣ
ģ
òײػһأܾôˣ
ҪôˣҲ̫ˣ
Ŭͷꡣ
ˣѾȼ˳ȥ
˺þãΪԼҪ˵ʱǳȥˡ
ϧڽ϶̫ãһֱúܣôЩҲûá
ڣȻ˶ӣ
ͷϢõ׳ʵúܣಡʼǸҩӡ
̲סʡ
ȻҲ֪δӣųʵ̫Ц̲סʡ
Ҳǵʵ۵ˣһֱߣԹɫ
ܲµ۵˼
۶ܲ⡣
ңϲӡ
ǲܴδ̫λӾˡ
취С
ϵʹеͺݶ
ͬʱһ¥ͣ˾ͷ
һֱһӣսСŮ飬һ׼õ
Զаպʮɣ쳣
ʿţû
ֱ뿪һ۵˵ո
˻һԱһʿ̲סЦһǿܲ𣿡
Է˵Ǿշ
Դӵ˳ľӻعͥǩ»ַЭ֮Ͷ˺ܶĴ˵
оͰշĹ¡
-

651 6 ĳ

ڿĽֵϣݵͦ˧ԴؿŽֵԿֵˡ
ôЩ꣬Ǹ㲻Щޡ
ûϵȻô˧
ԣǰ˧ˡ
˷ܵ˦˦ë˶سǸ߰ذЩûʶһۡ
ȻͻȻˡ
طӶûУͲԼ˧ýˡ
Щ۹⣬֪˧ġ
Դ˻һ˦
˷ܵſڳϣؿͷ
òģǿȼﵽ˸ֻĳ̶ȡ
̺սǰϾͷȥʱ˲ٹоͰͷĹ
ϺսҲ޽Ȼͷһоңùоֻ
˼˲ĳɹ
ȫصҲ޵ԽԽ࣬ͨļ۸ԽԽܶռﶼ˲
³ĸֻļ۸ɱȽϸߣĿǰҲֻȨ͸õ
͸ֻԲԴȫڴߣȤúܡ
ͻȻǶûŵÿֱЦ
̾Ȥָ˹ȥ
ǿʲôأ
ӻ˵ȻܻشǱϾСһûȤ
һ˷׷׻ͷһһ˽̻ͣϺˮѳ̴̼ùǺ
ιιιǸʲôأˮŪˣˣ
ϧСѹģСֳ·ͷ
ʱ䣬ϵ·ͱ
ͷĳץͷƤˡ
ֲҶ֣ǿս״ձ㿴ǣ̫ˣ
սӸһԼ
Ȼ֣ס鲻ʵС֣ɵ˿֣Ǹֻ۸
СԴɵؿһֿۣܿСЦ˷ܵꡣ
ʣµĳͳһ˹һսꡣ
Ǳس̾ôһߣǱһ
ȳ·ͷҲ
ſڣѾڵˡ
ͣ£ȲԣرʾۺŻʺڹǣֱӽ
̺սһֻۣȴźӽ˹
ۺŻʺԴ
Ϲɵһԣȴܲʹ졣
óۺŻʺ󶼺ӡ
õܣ˶ûѾ˱ĳ谮
ûۺŻʺĳ谮ġ
ǰϲľӡ
òһȴǰһˡ
Ǹλ
뵽ɫ̲ס
Сಡһɫá
ۺŻʺڴų̺սӣδ⵽ĲԾ
ص˺һһǵˡ
Աź߽ܷ﹬
һ߱һսų顣
ӴСӾʹ󣬼ǽİĻʹҲû۾һ·Щľ
Сɻǵһοô󣬻ôÿӡ
һۿӣ֪ۺŻʺ˿϶ϲǣ
ӣɱȹλС׳ʵˣ
װ۵ģ۾ֺر˵ϲЦ
ʵ̫ϲˡ
ŮۺŻʺĿܲϲ
һֱź³۵˼Գ̺սʱ̬ԱЩ
ȴҲ̫ġ
Ͼô˫۾ţҶ˾
ּ⻹ûǱֵ̫飬ס
̺սźӽȥʱһֱ͵͵š
ȻۺŻʺһǣһӾֱˣֱġ
ȨƵķۿųһԽԽϵı鲻ϱ仯
Ϊ̺սźӣֱ񣬻кѺӱ޿
Ѻӱ˹ȥ
˭֪źӸյǰͳӾ۰Ͱ͵ؿۣСƵؿһͻȻֱۣ󱧱
һ£ܿ㲻֣ѳ˻
˭֪һ͵С֣һۺŤͷȥ̡
ȻͣؿȥȻǺͿˡ
һ㶣漴ͱǸͿӸˣˬʵشЦ
һԵŻʺҲЦº̶ƣ⺢Ӷֲˡ
-

652 7 ͻȻ

Żʺ˵̳ȴû
϶ЩԽԽϢˣһӸӡ
б£ӵȻҲɡ
ңལ۾ҲһʹԺ϶гϢ
ôлӣܲϲ
ԽԽ⡣
ٿսŮޣҲϲѡ
ԽԽϲЦǱڻﶺŪһ᲻֡
ӵĵ̫ˣһͿֱЦ
񹷶Сʱ̫·һˣұ
ҹ̫ľЦʱҲЦø⺬ǷŲ
ЦСƵģһһɤŶ
۱ӶŪ˺ܾö᲻֣սͳڹš
źȲرӣŪ
˺ܾãҲޣԽϲ
ۿʱԽԽսͳ̸óˣ۱᲻ˣ޲ðȫڹͷ
ŻʺȰãذӻ˳̡
ϾӻСͻȻ뿪ĸܹǲ׵
ҪڹҲõϰ˲С
ϵʱ˯ˡ
һֱ顣
ǰ;óϵ̫ˣԴ˺ܲ⡣
ϧϵ壬Ҳ֪޷̳дҵ
񿴵ӣͷԽǿˡ
ǰûԱȾͰˣ˶Աȣ۾Խã̫ˡ
Ͳȴ찲ģһҲСӡ
һСӶʲô
Сӱ˽̵ģ
ôһ룬̫ϾԽˣܾڱϡ
ɵǣ̫Ҳʧˡ
ܶˡ
ϳϵʱжˣھж
ƴĶӣȻǸҩӣ
ͰˣΪĸףȻû취ӣҲΪǴ˵̫أ˼궼ûá
ֻ⣡
ô࣬ʲô
̫Ӵͷңӣ
ڣӣ۸⿴ء
Сڹ϶Ժô죿
̫ԽԽޣζҪСӵӾ
ϧЩڶЩ˼ɾҪ֣ʵ̫ˡ
ЩĴҲܲá
Դ״Ԫ¥ƳˡĿ־Щ߰־ԽԽʿ־ͱֽ˾Ĵ塣
״Ԫ¥־ͱֽ׬Ǯ޽Ժʲôѧѧ𣬼ǼҾƶʿӣֻҪŬҲѧ
ԺṩһЩǮĻᣬЩƶʿܹ׬Ǯá
Ժ˿ʲôְҵѧԺŮԺ
ͷȿѧֺѧϰı£ʲôˣľȾ֯ʲôģӦоС
ŮԺ˽֣˺ʫ֮⣬Ȼ⿣ң廨ͷױʲôġ
ͷ˹̵ֽǣ˼ҶԸѼŮȥŮԺ
ҵİ¹ԺԭЩȴǱܴ
ЩðĸԺһ
̫Щ;絶
ƫƫھǱ۶˳򣬻Ϲ۾˶䣬Ľ˿ȸĲʣȴʲôҲˡ
ֻڹͷż
ܵǣ̫̫Ӱæ̫ӾȻЩԺǲԼԺ
ֱĿͱӣ
̫շתһҹû˯ãƫӲôһڶͲˡ
һʼûô⣬ֻǾˡ
ӣ˼꣬ҲûãǶ϶̫ϰˡ
ȴ룬һһֱûá
̫󣬳Ͼͱͻ̽ˡ
̫Сӣ⸴ӣϧ̲סԹ̫ûá
ȳ̽˲ĸӦƵ˵˼仰̫Ȳذϡ
һ첻㣬Ⱦ̫´˲óҲˡ
˶ӣۻģóڶһĶӳ׶۶Գϵĳ谮ĸԺô죿
˭֪һûΪӣﻹһֱǶĸײܲˣ
Ҳڶ̫
̫һҲȾ˲Сס
̫󣬳ʱʱؾҪȥ̽ԱТġ̽ȥҲûһֱۺŻʺˡ
Ѳǡ
-

653 8 ֱ̫ӣ߽

ۺŻʺæŶŪŮΪ˱ǣûٰѳٵ߿š
ÿȥ̫̽ǴԼķ
Ϊ˲ǣĴˡ
⴫̫Խһˡ
ֱ̫Ӻͽؾ̫꣬Ҳû
̫ڻ̫Щ
̫ӻؾȥۡ
ۿһȦ̫ӣ̲סֶնյӣ鲻
̫˵
üʵôˣ棬ùϧԼӣݳ޺ĸģ
̫Щŵ򴽣˵ʷģһаãֻǶĽдѩԸڻؾ֮ǰ˽ݶһ飬æЩ
һֱҽΪЩȴ޲ףЩ
ǰ󲿷ʱڶƽʱ٣ϵķһֱȥ
·ǲ㣬˲Ųߡ
ȥ֮æó˼֮¡
һ˾һȦȦ
Դÿ춼̲סվӣԼڵӷǳ⡣
Ҫ֪ǰ϶Ľּʣ̲סԱ
ںˣҲ˿ģΪƣ϶ٳЦ
ϸ̫һۣȣĻ˼֡
׶ӣۿŶݳǲ̫ġ
ص̫ҽ̫ƽȷ̫ӹºų׷ġ
̫ҽͳȥؿ̫ӣο˵úܺã޺⡣
ȻˣͺúЪһЪ㻹ᣬҲܲԼ壬׳ͰӸˡ
̫û뵽˵һĲжѡ
Ȼʻںӵģ
ֽ˵ȥĸȻͻضϰɣһֱûã֮ǰ˲ʼûȥЩ
̫Դ󾪣֪̫£ʱô˵ʱסˣæ뿪
Ȼ֪ǣȥ۵ɫ˲
εķ֣ҧгݵصһ䣺һϣ
̫ղ֪ˡ
һʼδϡ
Ͼ̫ԴӾͻˣʱʱľҪһ
ÿˣ̫ҽϤΪƣ̫ҽƽʱҲΪ塣
̫ʼ˼ᣬҲò
β͸ˡ
ۿҲãģ;Ӧ
ʼģڱʾĲ
ʲôòģ
ǽ̫ź˴ӲҲġ
ϺӺһֱģƵ̥Ầó̥ʹ֢
͵͵ǰ˴ԵĶᱻ̼ͻȻ
ƴ˳ϣڻʼйҲֲµĴ
ڽƴ³ϵķϣƽЩ̫ҽΪ塣
ãźţȻ˼ᣡ
ԼӲã̫Сڶ̫Ӳϸ̫ӣ
֮ǰúõģ϶϶ϱŴӻͻȻ
ʲô
Īֻ׽ϣ׽ԵŮȻͲˣ
ֻҪһϵĲ;һ
ӣͳͬӣ
ӣҪ׽˭׽˭ϲǸ̫Ҳҹܵͷϣ
ȻôϲǾһֱȥˣ

̫ȥŻʺ󣬲żҴҸϻض̫
˵ˣһֱڵ
̫һ߽ľװһµĽ𽡣
صʢװԶԶȥҲʮƯ̫ʶǴһ
ҿͷױĽ𽣬ǣЦɬ׼
ʱ̫ӿ𽣬Ժоͻ˵ʱӡ̵һĻ
ʱ䣬˺ͽĳϦദһĲø
ӿ˲ӣߵǰ
ȻЩɵۡ
̫ӿŽϺױݣͻȻ͸ֳ񵭸ɾ
ϵױúܺǵʱģ
ԶԶŵʱ򣬵õ˸Ķ
ǽ֮ϵױ۾͸ˡ
̫˹ڣԴ鱦չʾһ㣬˿Ŷóء
̫̲ס˵㻹ţЩʲôױҲô࣬Ӳá
صعŲӵã׼ԳĽ𽣺
-

654 9 ҴĿ

𽱻̫ӵĲòѪ
һס̫ӣ£¿ڿΪ룬ɵ¿Щڹйʲôӣ
ʱ򣬵¿϶ˣҲ϶˼£ֻµĻ
Ϊ˺ģ¶Գ檲϶ǵµĵճӣΪζҲ˲̣
̫ӱ˵βѣͻȻЩĪô϶ˣ϶첻㣬Ӳãܲó;档
ѵ²ϧ϶ӣȥǶԵģ϶꣡
ǰ϶Ѿˡ¿ɻǵã϶ദʱܹжã
Ȼϣ϶;棬ɵΪһ͸ؾǣǰͷ
̫˵ͻȻҧڵϣ̧ͷ۰Ͱ͵̫ӣ£̫Ӱ
ֻҪھǣ檺϶Ҳض˼ˡ϶ҵ£ҲõµĻŪ
϶Ѿ꣬첻㣬Ҳ֪ܲܳ١ѵҪ϶϶ĵճӰ
˵棬ĵʹ˳˫ֽץס̫ӵ°ڡ
̫𾪵ؿôҲû뵽˵һ
ոջʱ˷ܵţҪͷȤ£޽ЩԺ
֪ķȱ˲
ڣЩõĻȴһҲ˵ˡ
ȻĲЩ
ΪӣΪ϶ĸףֻ
̫ӿֱͦͦڵϵĽ𽣬ֻǱͱһԽ
֣ץסĸ첲
뽭𽻹ûվȣԴͻȻһᡣ
ͷϵķ̫أֻûãողӲŹһ¡
˭֪̫̫ðǣͷԷΡ
һᣬҲ֧Ųסصķڡ
ںܿȥ˵̺ϣͷȻżƷ˿
ͷҲɢˣʹòҽһ漴㳹֧Ųסε̫ӻ
̫Ӽ״ʱ񣬸Ͻϴ˴̫ҽ
Ϣܿ촫ۺŻʺ
ǳΪ̫СԴ˻һ֪
̫ҽͦ죬ֿҩ
ûҶ࿴ܿ˳ȥ
̫ڴߣ²ʡĽ𽣬Խ
֮ǰŵʱ;ýϵױʵǹںЩЩۡ
˫Ŀգϵױݾ͸ˡ
续Ƥ㸲ϣܲζ
̫ӳĬ˺һôһؿ
ðκ̾˿
̫ͻȻ˳ȥֱӵۡ
û̫ãֱȥˡ
Ȼźȫ˳ȥ
ͷʣ¸Ӷˡ
ڸ߸ߵϣӸ£ۿ̫ӡ
ֱ̫ӹ˵ϣֱͦͦġ
ѹֵĳĬͻȻ˵ʣ
һӶǰȿ
̫һ㶣漴żϵӣᷭ˿
ݣɫ䣺ʣⲻܣôϺ¶ǸŮӣ
µ˲ú
ɫɻǵãһζ̥ʲôʱ򣿡
̫ҧû˵ֻһĻҵ
Ϻϱ¶һֱĽϣҲ˶ϡ
¾Ȼйأ
ҲǣУ
ô
Ѿ̫ʲôɣҪϺ¶
̫Ӻܿµԭ򣬿ԸԼ²
ȴ˵ϱ¼ŮˮΪ̫ȴ⽫¼Ů빬Уӡ
ϽҴ˳¼ŮĿ¼Ůؼұ˼ϱ㶯̥
ڼб¶ã˳Ŷһ١ȴ£ǣжһ¡
ϧֵ̫жˣһܵδޣһܵ
ʱΪǰ˲áȴ룬Ļ־ǽң
ϵǺƣ¶֮û˷֣Ϻ޷Уܾûеӡ
պˣҲǶ֮󡣵ӣĵѾˡ
˵̫Ҳֲסֱʵʸʣ¿֤ȷ䣿
۵䣺˴£޻⣿֤ȷ䣬㿴Щ
̫ԣҲ˿ҡ
ͷڱĽשϣΣ󸸻ʷϳ̫֮λ
֮ǰѾ
ԼܵȷԶ̫ӣó̫֮λһү
ȴ롭龹Ȼ
-

655 10 ֮

ӵؿŹ̫ӣκ󳤳̾˿һһٵ˵ı̫ӣ޿⣬һ壬Ϊᣡ
̫⻰͵ֱŵؿۣʣ
俴Ƕ޵ľΪ飿
̫ӻһصͷٴνͷ˽שϣʡϡϾΪ˵ճӣҲй븸ʡ븸һ
ˣŭһյ˵ϡ
һʱƬɽ̫ϣһСӡ
Ѫ̫ܿ߳ӵѶ£ۡ
ϲ̫͸Ҹͽ¶Ҫͽã˵죬ףֱﲻ⣡
ǽ޺ͻʺǲҲҪ޺ͻʺ¶ѡôһЫ̫޵Ĵ
ǻִԲǾҪޣ֮飡ȥúˣ㻹ӣǸۣ
̫ӻһſڣȴôҲ˵
Ϊ飬뵽׵ĺӣһֱΪŻѪϣҲ˵Ļ
οͽ¶һ¾ȻйأպҪܵܣ
̫뵽۾ˡ
ܶôܵܣǱϾ׵ܵܡ
ΪֻҪó̫֮λֵ˻кһ졣
ǳ£Ҳ޷ˡ
ȻӣɳŮûС
Բܵܡ
̫۾һʪɤ˵븸Ϣŭˡ
˵ѵشӵȴû̧ͷôͷ˳ȥ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿͻȻһѵѪۣ۾
ʶ֣̫վסϸϵˡ
Ȼ֪뵽ʲôյûпڣôĬĬؿ̫ת˳ȥ
·ֻһգ۵Ĺ˾Ͳˡ
ۿſտĴٴγ̾˿
Ҳ˶ӵģɽϸ¶֮£ɼŮԴҰĲ
Ůˣ
¶ıͽãֳ¾Բܴȥ
һҪϵ̫ӣû˹ɡ
ֻܳ²ߡ
ı̫ӣ̫ӣȻ޷ټ̳дͳ
ֻǣվǿϧ̫ӡ
ۻ̫ϵѪۣʼպܲܡ
ܿʻ̫Ӹոճȥʱɿʲô
Ѿ֪۵ļƻ³ʱ鶨ȻãЩò׼˼ûóȻػ
۵Ƭ̣ûȵĻش𣬲Ƴһۣ˵ʵ㶼ʲôˣ
ŵûһϽʵ˵̫ӵ¡ˣ˵òأֻиСӡǳЩѪЩˡ
˶٣ֲһ䣬ūѾ̫ӵ²ˡ
һֻǸСӣ˿ַԸȥǱ߿ţӡǹСͱ֪ˡ
ū
漴ȥ

̫뿪ûãϾ˹
̫ӻص˴ϵСӣСһȥϡ
׼˳ʳ׼һš
ٴμϵʱ򣬽Ѿ˷ϴȥϺصۣ֬ͷҲˬࡣ
ֻڲУϻױʱصһžЩ㲣ҼĲʩ֮
̫ӿⷬģԽòܡ
ܿ˹ȥ΢Ц˵ЩˣһŰɡ
ԣʶ˿ͷɫţǲ̫Щ
̫ȥ£磬̫ӣѲɻҪһֱţ
֮ǰΪ˵̫ӣԲ·ʱҲˣûԡ
ֻ϶Ҳ³⣬϶ôˣһһŵĴȴûΡ϶һֱ˼£ǽ϶ˡ
̫΢Цŵ˵ͷҲãǾͰãҲˡ
һϾͱ˹
ССģ̫Ӻ̹ؾصʮֹ淶
Ϊ첻㣬ɫʮֲ԰ףССվϴźѣžϧ
ϵЦŶ̫˵±϶ɣ檻ڲУͲȥˡ
š
̫ӦһȴЩʡ
߹ȥȰѳϵСӱڻԽɬ
ĵճӡ
ôС
ȴҪԶʧȥĸˡ
ϧ׵ûá
Ȳ˽ϣҲȲ˽һ塣
Ψһģʳ
Ȼͽ·
һɷ
Ҳһøס
-

656 11 ޷Ŀ

Ͽ̫ӿĻҲΪӡ
ǰ񱩱жʱھǣǱ˳ȥ
ؾѾױ۾
ʱ򵽵Ǹʲô龰
˵Ѿ꣬ɳͱ˳ȥΨйʱŻ
ڣǸӼĴȴٵÿ
ϸųĻ鸴Ӽˡ
̲ס֡
Ҳ߱λʱѾʮ꣬˶ʮ̫
ʵڲٵʮ̫ӡ
οԳ̺ͳ˶ʵ̫ˣʼղϳǡ
ǲλû㹻Ȩǳײ
췴ϣ
ֻô
ֻû뵽Ȼֻʮʵۣͱ¶ж
ȻһԲصޣ
ȷ̫ˣ취òС
ֻǲ֪ϵô¡
ôҽ
ǰ
г겡Ȼڻġ
˵ΪݶòҲ̶õȻָ糣ͬ˻ҪᣬֱǸС
ϵҽ
ǲҲܵ壿
ǣһ̫֮λҪβܹϰ壿
һֱ£Ҳû̫ܲӵ쳣
̫ӱߵߣƵĸ߽ϡ
һڿʼš
̫𹫿꣬Ըͳϼ˲ˡ
𽵹ҲֺڲУ¹˲ûҸ̫Ӻͳϼвˡ
Ȼһû棬һԷվͱܰ
ֻǳ̫СӲãθʳвټɻ䣬ҲԲ̫࣬ûþͲˡ
̫ӣȴ̲סӣЩԸ
̫ӼƺЩڣʱһ
ԭ㽭ͳĸӣٷʱһЩ
ǿϵӣͻȻԼĿġ
̫СЩ϶ܹ֪
Ҫ𽣬ܵųϵ档
ˣȻһߣһھҲ޷žˡ
̫뵽Ŀھʹ
ǿסеĲʣ΢Цʳϣ϶ǳԺˣ
Ϲɵص˵ͷš
̫ӿɵӣͷ΢Ц˵ȻȥɣĸڲУܹ˲㡣
Ҳ֪ԼӲá
òػһأԸԼ׳־δͲ
ԹɵشӦ˱˸߽Σɷнµظ̫Ӻͽ
𽲢֪̫ӵ˼һѵþһʱá
Ҳ³Ⱦû΢ЦŽ˳ȥ
ȳϱߺŲЦŸ̫˵϶̫ˣÿοô£;絶
ҪǳûãûܱҲ첻㣬ʼҪҩ
ô˵۳棬ȴҲҪ̫ǰң̫֪ͳж಻ףϧǡ
ȴ֪⻰һ̫Խͷ
̫ϵЦʧһɶֻʣĮôûã̫ˡ
תͷŽ𽣬ý𽵱׹֮У
ͷһĲ³
̫ӵ̬ȺܲԾˡ
ף̫ΪͻȻͱ
һжúõģȫڰƻĽС
֪̫ӶƣֻҪŬأȻᰴ˼ھУ̫ӵ¡
̫ھȻҲܳȥ
̫Ůˡ
Ƥӵ£Ҳˮ
ǣΪ̫ͻȻͱ̬ȣ
Į
Դӳɻ鵽ڣδ
⣿
лңȴһɳ֮ɫкܿӯˮӨչ䡣
ĿȻؿ̫ӣ̫Ӻι˷̳檣϶Ϊĸףѵ𣿡
̫ǳЦܣ㣬϶ˣǵ϶͸壬һֱಡ齣϶СС;Ҫʱ̽Ϊģ
⻰һԽȷ̫ˡ
벻Ϊʲô
̫ӿӣಡ齣̫Ӹ۲Ŷԣ
ԽңȴĪѾ˳檣Ҫһ̫ǣûã϶ԼҲá
һѧҽҲಡôãҲ޷Ȭ
̫⻰ŭϣȻԼʲôĪǶ˲ɣʱ㾹ȻҪǷǣ
-

657 12 ͽҶ

ûУ
𽼤طϡ
ҳϣҲû뵽ԲˬʱȻûˡ
̫ǰھĻҲˡ
벻ף鵽Ϊʲô
һжúõġ
ǰܸܵó̫ѾĻȥˡ
Ϊʲôһ̫Ӿ˸һ
ԽԽš
𾪵ؿ̫ӣͷԽԽ
̫ӵؿɫбԽܡ
ĽۣȻ뵽飬ղŵĽƱ磬;Ķ·˿
һֱΪ£ׯȣǸͻݶ̫
ȴͻȻ֣δĿ
ΪǸˣһԸ˵Ļˡ
ǰĽ𽣬ĺΪ̫֮λϧͽ¶Ծͽá
ڣװóϳϣͼ͸ĸĹϵ
̫뵽ͻȻشЦ
Ȼûá
رȲ϶ҲȲ
۹⣬ǡ
˵̫ǸΪģ۾ôʱ䡣
ϹÿϵĿ
ȴαװĺƴƭһֱ
ʲôʸ̫ӣ
ʶ˲һ㣬˵Ļ
һֱ϶̫ˣԭ˵ʵԼ
ƾЩ飬϶֪ˣԭ磿
ıģǽ𽱻¶ãҲԭ£
̫뵽۾ԽԽ졣
Ž𽣬ǷĵϣǲǾã¾ǸɵӣֻҪŪ䣬¾ͻĹˣת
Ȼϣһʹļ׵ı飺ûУﳼ檣
㣿̫ٴЦո˵㲻ҽȻͲಡôá֮⣬˵̫ҽκ㣿
һЩӲˡ
ȷʵ˼ֻû뵽̫ӾȻӦô졣
̫ӿ飬ֽ˵̫ҽĵӣ̫Ҫû˷̫ҽҹ
ոô˵߹£ʺĸ㣬̫ҽһֱ
ϣôôĵӣǹµĸʺĸ㾹ȻǶұţƹ£
ʲôôùº͸ĸĲɣ֪⵽˼ǽҵ˼
һĳ׻ˣæϵˣ檾û˼ЩһֱӺͿˣûбŸĸ˼
Ҿ͸ˣǸûǧҪᣬĲĵġ
˵ĵؿ˳
Ļˡ
̫˵̫ˣҪǲǽңкý
޵滨꣬ƴҪβ̫ܽӺá
ȴ֪̫Ѿġ
ܽɱˡ
˵عọ̀˰Ҳѡ
Щ꣬Ҳȫûջ
صȫҪʶöˣȻ۽ضһˡ
ڵ̫ӣѾǰ̫ӡ
ȻѾ˽ĿͲƭ
̫ԳЦȻĵĻǽңһ˵𽭼ңͻˡϣù´۽硣ڣ֪ˣ
𽻹Ʊ磬Ȼ̫ǳõЩ粵ͻȻ˵ˡ
ڵϣһϥе̫ǰץס°ڣƯ˫۲ͣ᣺£檴ˣ֪ˣ˳һذɡ
̫ڵϣɫĮѾϲŭ㵱֪ˣ
ŵͷ֪ˡ
̫ӱʣȻˣ߹£ΪҪϺʹ¶
˵ʱ۾һգգؿŽҪķӦ
ѹû뵽ͻȻ˵Ļŵ˲Բ˫ۣҲѡ
̫ӿһĳ׳ȥ
ķӦѾ˵һУҲû취ȥ
ĸйأ
ܿ췴ӦܵؽƱ磺˵ʲôʲô¶檺ʱ¹
£Ѿ֪ˡ̫俴׷ĽңʵƢ֪ģ£㣬㱳Ľһ壬ܸʵ֮ŭ
⻰˲ʶѾ϶ˡ
ȻѾ֪̫ӡ
ٽƱҲûá
ʲôӣ
Ҫɱˣ˭ܹס
һŭʬ
ͽҶˡ
-

658 13 ս

֪Լˡ
ǲ
ôᣬûеϻʺ󣬿ŶӵϻʵۣΪȫŮˣôأ
ԾʧһͻȻ£Ⱦȳ檣ԩģ϶˹߸檣
ʡ϶Ǳɱˣû£϶ôСˣ϶Ժô죿
£㿴Ƿ޶ķϣȾȳ檰ɣ޹ģ϶Ǹӣûĸװ
ģ϶ĸ׵ġ̫Ŀ⸴ӵؿץסָ֣㲻ٽƱ磬ֻù¶ʧ²ô̫꣬ûȷ֤ݣʲ߹¡
̫ίڵأ᲻ͣ
ؿ̫ӣȫˮ£ķްҪԳô𣿡
̫Ŀһ䣬̲סأȻ֪ǹµĽᷢӣ̫ͽĴɩΪλҪ˸Ϻʹ¶ǵã
֪ѾãԽƱʳΪʲôҪô檻Ϊ˵£
̫ӣĴɵѵûô˵˵ӲãҪ˵£Ϊ̫ӣ
ǵ±ӣ޴سйҲɷ˵£ǵλ֮ʱΪ̫ӣ
ɳ檱ѡΪ̫Ⱳֻܸŵ£һپ٣һ𡣵Ѿ̫ӣձϣк³
檾㲻ΪԼҲҪΪ롣³˵ճӵ֮⣬̫ơ
ͽضҪҡµĴ֮λ
Ϊ˵£ò²ߡɳҲ֪ͽǵµ׵ܵܣԲδֻ֣ǸϺʹҩЩеӰˡ
¾ó檴ˣɳôΪ˵£ѵҪжĥɱ¿ųȥ𣿡
̫ӱⷬòѪ
ŵؿֱ̫ڲڿ
κ̫ԳЦ˵ôΪ˹£ϣ¹滹ǿˡû뵽ԭɡ
Ϊ˹£Ϻʹ޹ģֱ׳ض¶֣ѵһ㲻𣿡
⻰ͻȻְʯͷԼŵĴܸС
һֱ֪̫ТݴȣҲһֱ̫ӵӡ
̵ĺгѵŰ裬̫Ը񣬶˵Ȼദ
û뵽̫ӾȻΪϺʹ¶
Ϻʹʲô
޹Σʲôϵ
̫δĻʺѵŮʸû
Ȩ֮в˵ģ
οֻöѣûҪǵ
̫ӺαΪ
׽̫ںεأ
вȴҲ޷ֱ׳ؽƱ磬ֻ˵檼дɴδҪǵӣҲܱĺӡ
̫ԽʧǱҲ㣬ѵж𣿡
𽱻˵
̫ȴ˵δޣҲİɣ²ϻɺϣǺ޹ŮΪϿ޵ǡù³Ϊ飡
û뵽ͻȻ£˶Ӳˡ
˵Ůееû
²Ҫģֻ˵ͻȻͲˡѶʱҲЩӡ
öˣҲͲˡ
̫ӺĹϵϣûźá
ȴ룬һսһжˡ
뵽սеĺ;ҵطʹ˵¿϶ҽѵ޹
檻϶ʱһʼúõģԴˮ檾Ϳʼ̥϶϶첻㣬С͵úҩ
ѵãһ̫𣿶ϵʱأ˵˶ûˡôͻȻûˣѧҽ
ţҽ˼Ҫ˵ӻʿ߷ʲôҽ
ѹ檿ˣģǸ
˵̫ӳȥݺݸһƣž
ʱȻſڴƻƣ̫ԽʧϣΪɵ
ʲô꣬ڣϵҽʲôʷмء
ϿҽѧԺǰѧҽĴ򣬸ǻ
˹£˵ϣù̫ʧˣڽϺ㣬͸޻̸֮
-

659 14 

¾ôϣһʹĵؿ̫ӣԭ檲ǵµĽᷢӣΪε²ų檣ȴҪϣ˹ƻĵı£ʲô
𽣡ֱ̫Ӻ֣㻹Ҫʲôʱϴֱ֮֮ǰδʹ˵㣬ÿЦ𣿡
Ȼһ֣սǷФ񣬵¼Ȼ˵磬檵ˡ¿֪Ǵι磬Ϊ檻һФ
Ф񾹻·һ㡣ԴӼФ񣬾;ûû檣
̫ʧҡҡͷ˵ĻһΪ»ˡԴֻ͢ץ˶ࡣкܶѧĻҲᣬʲô
һ㶡
û뵽
Ƿ˸񣬺ͽͷ̫ӾȻҲ˳ȥء
ԹĿ־γ˸ɾ֪Щ
οЩһֱر˹ϵϢ
֪ЩΪԼ֪֮ѹ
ȴ룬ֹĻȻ˿̫Ӷѧˣ
ܣ̫ȴ˵˵Ƿ㲻ǵȥ۽˹ʦ
ǻʲôʦʱ͸ÿɹʦδʲôҲδ¡
ȴ˵㣬ÿЦǴι֮Ͼڼбޣ޸ܣ빬밲ƽʱٽǳ϶ϴµʱ򣬴δ
˵㣬ǹµҪʣҪκ㣿οʺĸȲϹҲɵӣҪ㣬̸ף
㣬ζ̥Լȡιֵ˱ˣ˵Բ϶˵ˡ
˼ʱΪ˶̥϶Ϳʼҩڶ
𽣬Щ飬һԵ϶϶֪Щ£Դ
нһ壬ҰĲĻϲ⡣Ǹʳ׶ɱģһ壬Ϊ꣬úɡ
ŵɫҰףſڣȴһҲ˵
ڵϣ֮󣬲ŲʵĲԸȳ𣿡
̫ӿ⸱ֲ̿ģҲ
ɽ飬ΪѾԲܵܣȥ
ʵ˼Ѿףϱ
㲻̣ҲȲ
ĽᷢӣһֱĴ
϶̶
ִⱣ½ϣʶȻŭ
ʱϺӣжˣۡ
ô˽
̫ǿѹеĲ̣ҧԽ˵ϣѾԲ϶öΪ롣
˶٣ֲģȥ󣬹¡Ȼ󸸻ʿֻ׶Щ޹ˡһ壬䲻ܱȫһЩ𡣡
ԳЦ
ֻ׶
׶˭
ڵһ֧
Щ֧ܱȫʲôϵ
Ц᲻ͣӿ
֪̫ӼȻô˵ζûл·ˡ
ʵʵˣ̫һ̫ԶҲ
Ҫȥľ̫ӵĳԼһˡ
𽲻ͣᣬֱ۾ԽԽۣ·ᶼˡ
̧ͷ̫ӣſڣ˵£ۡ
̫һ⻰ͻȻֳһ档
ͽʱ򣬶򣬽Ҳ˵ôһ仰
ʱ齿ߣһ˫۾鶯ǲСӣĳȡ
ȴ޺۾˫۾ûյ鶯ͽߣֻ»̻̲ľ
̫һʹ̲ס۾
һۣȴٿΪ׼ҩ˾ͻ˯ȥ۵ġ
ٴӿҲã檶лϧݳԡһѡ
̫ӴӦˣźԡױ
һʱȥױ׵
̫ӿʱ㶡
𽻻̫ĳͷٴδǶصķڡ
Ҳױ׵˫۱ױڸǺ󣬲ôǱ˼ĺ
𽿴̫ӣһȻ̧ͷЦЦ£Ѿ׼ˡ
̫ͻȻЩ̣Ҫٿ϶룬˽϶
ȻһЦˣѾֻ¶϶ЩϧȥĪҪ϶
-

660 15 

ģ̫Ӹ˵֣۾ͺˡѵſڣȥ󣬹¡һúչ϶
˵⻰֪Ѿ޿ת
Ӳس˳ǣת飬ϰŵľƣӲ˺ðκ󣬲Ų֣ƱӲͷƤȥ
ΪҩԵʣҺſζⱲӺȹѺȵľˡ
Լûһںȸ˱еĶơ
ȻָһɣƱ͵ȥĵ̺ϡ
вһξҺӱﻬںɫĵ̺ϣܿһСɫĺۼ
ɫĵ̺Һ󣬱˰ɫѪ
һΣ·ʧȥеۿžҪȥ
һԵ̫æһѣֱ۷ĺ󱳣§ڻ
ʱͻȻ֣𽾹Ȼࡣ
ǵ没ãһֱûкתȥ
̫ӱ˱۾ɬѹȥ
֪Ϊʲôɵʱȥϸеֱ浽˭˭ֻͽİˡ
̫࣬Ұִʼտ
֪˵ӣȻʹ졣
Ϊ˵ӶѵǶܵĴ
˵ףԼ̫С۰ˡ
̫뵽̲סЩ
˵ҲдЩʱֽ˼ֹ´Ҳߵһ
̫ԽԽܡ
ʱĽͻȻ˵£檺۰ͷ£ȥšʵվסˣںóһ
ģȻЩɳƣȴԽϧ
̫ӱ;ọ̀Ըɴཫᱧһȥ
𽿿ͻȻҸЦ»ǵһأĺøˡÿϧ檶ûۣҲˡ
˵ź
̫ӣʱҲǼΪӡ
һʼֻǰһ̫ϧպϵӲܺùЩ
Ȼ˵˵ţԼ̲ס顣
𽿴̫ĿģͻȻͺ
û뵽ԭ̫Ҳʱ
ԭӣҲǿʲȳ̺ͳѲ١
ϧȨס˫ֻۣΰѳס̫ӵλ̫ȴ޶ġ
͵͵ô顣
ԼԽ˲
ǵס˱ģû´жð
Ļ϶ܺúõģҲִֵ̫ܺϡ
ĺˡ
ǣ̫ˡ
̲ס˻ں޵ˮ
̫ؽڴϣȻҪȡ·ڡ
ȴס֣£ˣԽԽˣó檾ôȥɡ֪檲һϸ̫
ǳ檲ڼ޸¡ֻԼ׵̫˵µΡ
ڳֻڣ㵽˵£Ҳǵµ̫
ǡң±ӻټ޸¡ʱ򣬳һˣֻŵһúùӡ
á̫ĵס֣´Ӧ㣬±ӣһȢ㡣
˵ˮӿ˳
𽿴ϵۣͻȻЦ¡檡ŵ¡ȥˡ¡ǧ򡭡ء
˵䣬Խƣ룬۾ҲԽԽᡣ
˵ױ۾
Ҳʧȥ
̫ӸͻȻɿ֣Ҳ̲סͷѹֵʹ

ͬʱȴһɱ
ݵΧشСţǲ۵Ľţȫţȷûܹӳȥ
ԴӱΧĻ̡̻
ǾʧĴߣϱŵرźӣͣذο
ŵô޲ֹĸ׺ΰοҲ޷ͣ¿
Ҳŵˡ
ͻȻΧǺǣҲܵ˷ѹָС
Ժǻһãϲ²εô¡
ѧʼ˵ʲôһ
˳һʱˣԽ׷ø⡣
ѧǱ÷ˣƤصһۣʲôֻΧţûʲôǾųˣûгϢ
ţȵţˣ̫ӸǶš˵ˣ̫ڹ¾ǿ̫СķϣҲᶯǡ
һٵЩο׷˿
ǰ̫ӵ£̫Сڣ²ôġ
˵ˣûʲô
ʲô飿
϶ǱԵʡ
˵£²ǡ
-

661 16 ̫

̡̫
۵˶
ȻҪϷȻҪⳡϷˡ
ĺܶ˲࣬Щ
Ȼû֪ڵ̵̫ӣǰޱ˵븸ʽ²ϣ֪̫л˴̿͡һʱ죬ЩöԷ֣̫ϡ̿Ͷɱ
ϵ̫ӷ˸ӣպĿڵλá
ƿڴԵĿӡ
ӵؿǺοࣿ
̫ӸݵͷڵϣȻдȻйֱ̿ͺ븸ʣһ档
֪۵˼̫ı̫ӣһ嶼Ϊᡣ
飬Ψ·һ
ѾĸΪɷҪű
⡣
̿ͻ̫Уд
̫ȻѴ̣һҲۡ
ˣһ޷ٵΡ
ҲǶԸʣܵܣԳ˽
вã̫Ҳûٳ
Ͼ׶ӡ
ġ
ĬĬοԼһȻûѵˣҲ֪̫ҽƣộӣ
̫ӻһȴ˿
ͬʱֱø
ʡȻӵġ
̫ʵվ𣬵ͷ˴Űĺӡ
ߵǰĿڴˣ޿˵Σ
˵̫ӵ·ȴ˿ھЩһֱѪ
۵ɫ䣺˭֣ô˵ôأ
̫Ӵ˸£˵ǡǶԼ
ñ˶֣
ⲻǰ·ϱô
ңЩҲ
ҿ̫ôĲ޹Լ֣Լһ
ЩҲҪϷȫס
ǲ˵һЩҪζס֮ڣ
ȴǴΪ
̫ӣָ㡭˶ñ
ǼҴ̫ҽ̫Ӵ˿ڡ
ټָʷͨ˽ץ鰸
ͨ󣬰񽻸褡
Ҳǽƻ֪ǿҲ˳ۣҪʰǡټ̡̫̫̫
һ岻ҲѲƤ
񽻸褣һá
褵ս谮
̫ϥֻһĶӣȴΪʣһԽĶӡ
ĿãֻҪǴ˶֪ѡ
ͨΪָʷͨ죬֪ܣȻ
褵־ȥ˽ҡ
ʱѾϣǶûУҲû
ʱѾҹúܣǰ׵ġ
ŻѣžҪɱ˷Żġ
褵󣬽ҽյĴű򿪣ŵؿͷң˽ȥ
Ż룬˲ֲѡ
Ĵӣֱֱߵڵء
ѧųҴҸ褡
ͬϹĽܷȻŭ⣺褣ʲôôͲ̫ӵ¹
һЦӣӿɺЩˣ
ܵɫ˲쳣ѿ
ԴǴεԳ˳󣬵ȴľոһյĳ
Ϊݣ󲿷ֻڱ˵졣褾Ȼ泰Ǻôĵӣ
̫׸磡
褼ˣּ˵λ֪̫ӵ̫̣̫Ѿ̫ӵˣŭ
̿һֱǱ̫ߣԱ»ɣϺܻܿд̿͵ͬĳǰλȥסϼգλĪҪΪá
Ǳɴ̿ͬɱǿɾ̫ԩˣλ˵ǲ
ѧɫ䣺˵ʲô̫ôˣ
褳ؿͬ˵̫˶Ѿȥˣλڰ
ģ˵ǡ
̫ӵ˼̫Ǳ̿Ͷɱ褹ô˵ȴΪ̫Ծ
Ľ⻰ɫ䡣
˭֪̫˵Ҫ
̫ǻţҾ£̫飬ǻܹ⡣
̫ˣ̫ӻˣ˭Ϊ飿

ǸСޣô飿
ѧ֪࣬褵ĻҲࡣ
̫ͻȻ˶Ϊ¶
ͷͻȻһΣȥ
ƫƫΧ˶Уδʱ
ֱѧڵϣ˺֪طֲףʧȥ
ѧܿ褣ǿȥɸϸڶ࣬ɷǹѺڸϣ
-

662 17 𾪳Ұ

褳һ˵ĳʾָʹ˺жᡣ
˵ɫһ䣬̽ȥѣһҪѴ̿ͬҳ
һ䣬ɷس򽭸ʼѲ顣
˾ŮŵһСǳɤޣֱ˼ææס죬¿
ϣ潭ѧ棬˻ȥʾָʹͨ
ԼСʱ˴ͨĸʱѺڽȥܿࡣ
ʱ褴˻ûѲꡣ
ֵһȫѲһ飬ǽҶˡ
ĸǱѺһƫƧСԺΪԺС䲻࣬Щ˲òһǿա
ŮҹأԷǳ¡

̫̣̫̿Ͷɱжץ
ͻĴ󰲣óҰ𾪲ѡ
Ȼû֪ǣھ뾩ǧһdֵҲץ
ͬץģҵŮǡ
ΨɺǰѾʧ٣Ӵ䲻ұʡ
˶ץ˴Ρ
ĹСϣץʱѾףͦŸӡ
ĵһ̥
ǰСͻȻĴϡΪױãֻܲܽű¡
СͻȻ֣ʵ죬dһõܵȥ佫·ӣԸȢ仧Ů
СֻΪ檡
ݵķϣ檵ݡ
ʱТУֵΪ˲úڸķԽ˲®׼Тꡣ
Ƕ׽Ůɫ
ֱТڹźСԲ˷
ֻdû뵽ǣТ͵͵ϵλ˵ʱͳȥϢȫޣ
ãҲûܵԷϢ
ֻϢȥϧʯ󺣡
·Ѿˡ
d£ܿͲˡ
ҪȥͶҲû·ӡ
ӾΪͷˣԸųһƽĽ֮·
ԷٻӦȥðգ
ôһܵܣܲܰװȥ
¾͵
dϷú󣬾ȥ֪ˣëԼĻš
һʱ󣬾ƾɫò֪Ů֡
ǳ庮أⱲӶ
ֻҪýȢ֪˵Ůޡ
dƵúܺãȴ룬͵͵ҩҪŪʱһȺȻңȫץ
ץʱd˶µġ
Ҳ¡
ΪСףԽԽЩһֱչͺиһ
˭֪ͻȻͱץˡ
벻ףЩʵúܣʲô¶ûôͱץˣ
˶ˡ
ǾȻͬ

˭ںǣ
ֱѺ̳µġ
ʲôûôͳͬ
ԩİ
Ҫԩȴ˰ľ׮ϡ
Ŵһ䣬õͷ­˵ϡ
dԲ۾ûĿ
ЩΪd͵͵ҩûߵ̳Ͳ
֮ǰ˴飬жһ£Ҳ鵽dϡ
d͵͵֪ŮҪŪȢ֪ŮҲ˳һ׮
ҲΪ֪£Ļ֮£ûܿͲˡ
Сҡ
ףץ˾ţ
Ȼźʹ򣬿ɺ·̫Сؿ˼󣬾ûˡ
СҲ֪˴̼ӱͲáӸʹѪȻûܾȹ
Ҳø˾ȫʬ
ҵ̫̫ͽϣdһͷء
ڳ͢Ѿ¹棬ķˣʬύ崦ãǼ岻ϽգžͻὫʬ𻯣װСڹĹ֮С
Ϊ˷ֹ߲ڣѾ˸ɾ
ķˣʬ岻С
ǣ̫һͬı棬һҲǣȻûȴǾš
ȻûԸ˵ʬ塣
ֻó潫ʬ𻯰ᡣ
ʷϷʮһ壬ʹû
ͬ˲ˡ
ѧĶӣӣȫ˴̿ͬ
̳ͷأѪɺӡ
ǣĽˣͬţȻסȴǷⲻ٣ŵ˱ຮ֮أڶٲμӿƿ
׮Ļٹǣ˿
-

663 18 ̫

ҴĻȺ˿
ȻܿǾͷ֣ɵ̫ˣ
ڽҴ󰸽ûã̫ǰԽ̫ᡣ
̿ͺͽйأֳǱڽߡ㽭̫Ӻ˶ƣɥȻѴ̡
Ȼν̫𣬽̫Ӻ¶ƣǶ˵֪޼
ԭҳ飬ϵ̫֮λס
̫飬ϻгӣ۲һ棬ýܹ̫ᡣ
Ϊ򵥣һҲ¡ء
̫ȴ涼û¶
ˡ

ҳô£ˡ
ۺ̫Ҳһֱȥ
վ֪ˡ
ۺ̫Ӳ֪ҲͲϺͽҳ£ԳϵĴж
Сӣ᲻¶Ӱ죿
̫ӻᣬ̫ˣԺ϶б̫
ȻԪӣ첻㣬СǸҩӡ
ǽϻڣΨһĵӣӲãλҲΪȹ̡
һµ̫̫Ӿͻµĵӡ
ʱ˽ĵӣҩʲô
οа¹Ժ˽ң൱ڻ˰¹Ժ˵֧֡
Щ˲μӿƾ٣볯Ϊ٣Ϊʵӵ
ڣҳô£¹ԺȻҪ
ƫƫǸСӣ廹ãܹ̫ޡ
Ļͼҵûʼ·ͱնˡ
뵽ǰĸ׶֧֣ܵ
̾Ͳˡ
һº󣬺òײ˺ת˭֪ͻȻ˸
̫糯ӣΪԼΣҪ۷̫֮λȥ꣡
۲ϣ̫Ӿͳ
ŭڷ̫֮λΪ˰
̫ͻȻϣΪİ
ֱӽҵլӴ͸̫ӣΪ
ոתĳϢֻǰһڣٴβˡ
ǳ״һ˴ת
̫ҲˣʵװƵҪ
ǰĲϣµİһס˰
ǳΪزŲס˹

̫ºֹ£Ǩľ
һ޽ʹͱճ̡
⼸ĸ˰˺üǹ⻹ǻʵ۵ڿ⣬ӯúܡ
޽ʹҲˡ
۰½˽Ѹ
Ϊڷصʱһֱץãⷽǳóֶۣ塣
޽ʹ֤ԲỨԩǮ
ʹ޽Ǹ󹤳̣ο˻ʹྩҲúúޡ
ȻԺǨȥЩٹҪôס
һ͸ˡ
Ϳʼ׼ˣͼֽˣε޸ġ
ֻҪͼֽ޾ˡ
ϧ̫󣬾ڿ˼ļڶ񹤣ʹҲһʱܸǺõġ
æýŲմأΪ̴󣬸ʵ̫ˣ춼Ҫ˵򽻵ͷˡ
̵Ҳù
̫ӱϺ۲û̸̫ӡ
˾ó̰æ
ڸˣ̡
ǣгŷ׷飬̫ӡ
ȫ̳һ١


̫ӵĵڶ꣬ԶŻˡ
һ֧ӴĴӣװ˻
ϣʯƽ𣬰δֲϡŹֵĶ
ˣ꾡ĺͼ
⺣ͼԺͿ﷫ͺ̣ͨޡ
ŴĻǼֵǣ۵˽ⶼװˡ
մãܿó˾֯Ӻ̡̼֣ͨ
˺󣬺·Խ̶ҲԽԽ֮鼮͹
Ŷ˽ԽԽ࣬ҲԽ裬Щʿڹƻġ
͢޽ĹѧҲԽԽࡣ
ѧڵҲԽԽ࣬پ徭;
˻ѧ֮ݡ
ҹѧһ£ֻҪϣ˶ѧ
ĩһ¿ɼϸ߿Լѣн
Ǵﲻϸ񣬾ͱ뽻Ǯܼѧ
Ҳǹӯ͢Ÿùѧѡ
˹ѧ֮⣬ָѵѧУҲһð˳
Ϊѧпԣѧѧϰɹ
ǸѵѧУҲӦ˶רŸѧΡ
תȥµྩɡ
-

664 19 Ǩ̫ӣȻ֮

޵ྩǱȾɾɺֵܶ࣬ҲΪ
ֻЩԶӾɾȥЩ鷳·Ͼͻһµʱ䡣
»ʹ޽ΰɣ˲ٵ»ˮܵסǳ㡣
ۿմãǨ֮ûãּΪ̫ӣΪ̫ΪΪ
ͽĶŮҲ˲⡣
Դӱϳ̫֮λķΪ˺Щӣ𽥡ת
Ϊ֮ͷ̫ӴһսսҩӵǱЩֻԾҪһЩ
һ󣬰ϵĶٴ˺ϢŸºһк
֮ļ꣬½̥һһŮӶܽ
Ů
ֻǳӲãĸǽϣ۶Щ٣ּʱ򣬲ûвΪӣѡĶܳţҲĴӡ
ֻ˿
ΪͻСȻзأȴ۵ڹ
ּ󣬳ϵ֪
㽭ϳµʱѾµĽ˲СĴ
Щ㲡ѧú棬صرֳ˵Ĵϻۣϣܹǰӡ
ŬվǸ
ǵճӣȴܳΪӡ
ó޷ܵǣ۾Ȼ˳Ϊ̫ӣ
񱻷ϵʱ뵽ֿܣﵽ׻ǲĵġ
ڳ̳̫ӣֻǸССĿӶǡ
Ҫ⵹̣Ǹλӣ̸ף
ٴβˡ
ʱѾСˣȥѰ̫ҽϢ۵Ķ
ּͲȥñô룿
ͷ۶ϲԲͳӣﻹʱ
۸
͵͵
ڲòأѾսò࣬ǰôˡ
ֻ˼죬ûʲô¡
֪ǣﲻܣĴȻͬܵ
սҩʼղ̫ģһʱûʲôЧ¼ȥӡ
ͱŽѣ͵͵ҩԡ
һֱûϢ
սһһŮ
Ȼ˴̼Ҳڵҩ¡ó֪£Ҳûȥսսֺн١
͵͵սҩ
ųһ꣬ûò˵ȻԳˡ
ȻŻˣֻսҩ⡣
ֵŻʺǰۺȻǴŭ
̫ҽ󣬷ǴȻųͷʱԼ͵͵˲߰ҩҩԳײˡ
ЩҩѾӰ졣
սǰҩ˵Ѿ֢ˣȴãκò
󲻽ûܰѲκã˸ףҲá
ȻɵˣҲܲˡ
սӣȻΪ£ۺŻʺ󳹵ѶҲ˺ܴ
ѵĲϻУ˸к
۴ϲɴ˴ϵ֮λйµĽ
ϱϺҲûؼңסڽ
ֻΪǰ£ͳֵúܲ죬ѺȥһסСԺҲԽŹ͵͵Թս
ԺʲôҲˣҲֻһԹ԰ˡ
ͻȻּΪ̫ӣֲϵĳΪӣΪ
ȻϢͲˡ
֮ǰ̫ӱϺ۳ٳû̫ӡ
˼
ۿ۰޽ʹôҪĲ¶˽ѣԽóϣΪ̫ӡ
˭֪Ǩûã۾˳Ϊ̫ӡ
սĶӻΪ̫
ĶӣΪӺͿ
ǻԽԽⱲȴҲûõĿܣֻƫƧСԺ
Ȼ뵽Щ;ʹ
ϳǸǵʵ۵ˣȻ䡣
Ȼﲻʹ죬ȴŬοԼҲֻ˼͹ȥˡ
ȻͲһˡ
ԽԽֻѾûͷ
ûѾȥҽ¡
Ҳҩ
һܿ첡ԽԽأһһҹĹ򣬾Ѿ²
̶̼֮죬Ѿɫơ
ܵԼԽԽأȻָѪдһ״ĿľʫѣѪ
̫Լ˸ӡ
ѪʫóһӶ
-

665 20 Ļ

Ȼ󣬳ѹȻ˴̼
ǷѪɵľʫһ겻
ǳ̿ȥһ٣ѲŴޱߵ˹
ֻǴȻ֮׻ǳĵ׵һ̡
ΪԺ
˵Ժκ飬ָơ
οǴϲĴ¡
Ȼһֱ֪ȻղҲ˵ȥ
ĴȻ˵ûвϲܹôȻﻹ޷ͻ
ϸףȻǹ£ԼֹѪ飬ƻͳ֮ꡣ
ԭԴΪͬ飬£׺˴ϡ
ƫ˿ӣΪԴȡ
ܹȥúúðŴϵ£ƾ
ˡ
ѿѪķӦˡ
ֻĬĬš
ߵѾ߿ۣñ̲סǰԹҲ̫ˣ˶˰ѹүϲ
˲ɫֻԺ˵ˡ˶ˣ˵Щʲô
үԭ䷢ޣλԭҲġʲôûˣԹҲ֮顣
ҲүӣҵĶѾΪӡʮ꣬үߵ˶ҡ
պȥ˵£үߵĻҡѪ飬үһӡһôǹƾһѪܼסģ
ִ̫ˣү֮ˣ߻ңкǣָܹϵĸж٣
ưɣҪ˶ãүͻ
˵֮صؽߵȫѵһ׼ٺ˵˵
ˣԺһ飬Աٳִ֮¡
ϱϺǳѵң񲢲¡ء
ս֪Ϣ̲סʹȻʱһĻ
ʱĴȻѾ֪ж֮£صѰ
ֺóѡ
ӵ֪жʼ߽һͬ
ܹ;֪úҩ͵͵ҩЩ߰ĶҲڳ׻ӡ
ǸвŮӣȴж飬ԼԻ
ս̲סЩ̾Ϣ
ţһСҡҡλεسɱסס
Ѿ߾ŵ׷ܽ
Сүȵȣ
Сү㣡
Сˤţ
С޲㣬ССĽۣɰúܡ
ȶ̶̵ģҡҡλΣ·ʱˤ
Ȼ׷Ҫʱȴһѽ˿ڵ˵߿ҡԼߣ
˵ܵսǰգĴ۾Ͱ͵ףŶ
սװˣЦؽϡ
óϵĺ顣
ղʲôˣôôູ
ΣûûʲôԵģ
˭֪䣬̾ʹ˽鷿Ļƿǲģ
ˣŵæսĲӣûУǹԱ
ֱЦˣҿƤˣ
֪Ϊʲôôϲˣ
ھ;ֺ
ŵô׾ᱻ״ģ
սڳɤӼٿޣûص˳һۣ㹻ˣ֪۸ӣȥ
̳սע⣬ص˳һۣߵŮ˶ˣҾͲȥˡ
û죬ðѳѸһ١

Ȼ󲻵һ£ʦҦҲˡ
֮ǰص΢һ档
û֪˵˵ʲôۻعҦ
סĵطǳۡ
ྩҲиСۣǨҦ͸ŰᵽСͷ
ûã˾Ͳˡ
Ҧһ۳˿
սʹȻжһֱڲĻ֡
Ϊǰú󣬵ȷһЩǰ
û뵽ǣЩ˱ץ֮󣬾Ȼһص֯Ϊˣ
֯ĿģȻΪ˳ϣ
ǣԽԽ󣬾Ȼָ˹ʦҦ
ҡǳ¼ұ󣬶ҦӰӡ
Ҫѹ̣̫λԲŸȻս¶Ҫó̺ͳʱӡ
£˲ǰȥ֮⣬ǻóΪն£˲̼֡
ԳҰвǵˡ
˵죬ǹʦҦ
-

666 21 ͻȻλ

ʦҦȻǳ˵죬۵֪Ϣʱе𾪿֪
Ҫ֪ܹ췴ɹٲҦİ
Ҧȷʵ٣Ϊıߣƽƣסӡ
ôҲû뵽һˣȻᱳ͵͵˳ˣƤӵ¸飡
ôҲԸĽ˲˺üΣȷ󣬲ġ
ֻǳȻŽûãǣȴ١
ѪˣҲҰ±¶ȥ
Ҧ׷Ĺʦһ´ȥĪĳţ
ҳҰ±ȻҪܶ
ֻض˽ڽҦڹȻ˳˵Щˣʱ䣬һ㽫˵˰γ˸ɾ
ʰ꽭ҺҲܴҦ
Ҧ̫⣬ʱַ̫¡
Ÿոʰ˽ң̫ӣǹʦҦͻȻУҰ¶ȻҪġ
Ҧһǻ֮顣
ȴ룬ҦЩ꣬Ӿÿ¡
Ǩûã˾Ͳˡ
Լ⡣
ûжҦ¶֣ҲûôҦ;ƿˡ
ɡ
ȻͦӣҦһȷ˿
ֻǷ̲֮סҦѡ
̫ˡ
Źһ꣬۾Щڻʹӡ
һ˶ľֱλ̫ӳ̣̫ϻʣ
ѹû뵽ô
ҽڴսͺȥңأ˭֪ͻȻλ
̺ܲӦ۾λҲʵʵ̫ϻʣǳӡ
ҿּ
Զų̵˻λȻȲش̫˽ˡ
̫ʷȥˣսͳָ̻ǰһֱͦġ
սԸ壬̫ԽԽãȻҲûǰ
ԽԽˡ
۴˽˵Ī̫ˡ
һûжֵӡ
Ȼޣ鼫á
޸۵ʱ۲̫ӣǻʵۡ
ǱĵۼɵͷϷ·ʱŰУ춼Ҫĵҹ˯ʱ򶼲ҷɡ
췴ɹ˻ʺ˿
۵λûãǾæŸŮˡ
ȻܾˣŻʺﵽ׻ǲġ
ǸٺãҲˣֻǸػٵŮˣȵЩ۵С
Ȼûã۾Ϊȹ̳֣ѡһЩŮ빬
ǲδӣǸÿİ裬вĶǡ
͸ˡ
Ϊһֱں֮Уȴ룬۾ȻλҪȥʶｭɽ
ʱ̫ΡĹǽЩš
Ȼĳˣ
ӽԺҲûʵı乬
Ըۣ̤ｭɽɽӡ
̫ʼվãûõþ͸һ
εʱ򣬶ӡ
ͻȻһȣɤͳʣʲôأ᲻𣿡
ûС̫תͷԵۣǱµӣȥĶ檾ȥĶӽԺ󣬳ٲͱ·ֿ
ƺϲ仰ԱЦ޼ǵãǰ˵Ҫ̤Ľ彭ɽµʲôӡ
ǰæ£㣬ʼûȥЩɽɽˮˮ϶ܹһ棬ޱĴߡǵ߿϶ӻˮҪ֪ˣ˵ʹ
̫Цˣ˵Цˣ̶ûӡ
˵꣬ͻȻһ¡
ΪڸոգͻȻס֡
̫Щ֪ؿۣǴʱ򡣴鵱Ҳ޴ؿۣڴֻ̿֡
΢Цſֻһɣ͸˼ʮһ˵ϵҽѧǲҲԽԽˡ
ڶǵǴʱ򣬷·һȻ˴뱲ӣţδӻš
Ҫʲôȥĵطھ͸˵û˹ˣȥĶУ
̫ô˵Ц
ԥһ£῿ϣǾȥɣ˵Ǳߵľͦ
ԭЩнô˵ĻصǰպɻʱһҲ
ۼܵط壬˷ӣøЩǾģȥóصĴ㣬ζıô
˵䣬ԽԽԶʧڵƽϡ
-

667 22 սʧ裿

֪۾Ȼ̫͵͵˽òλӳ
սһ٣û֡
Ȼû뵽ǣ̸յǻûã͸εĽָʹһҵʧѾõĴ
һܿ˳Ұ¡
˶ڻɣǶ褻ռʲôԲŹôһɵ񣬺ýѹ褡
˾ãǶջʺջʺҪʧˡ
Ҳǣϰռ˳ô꣬ǰ̻ʱ򣬲òһˡ
ӣܼһˣ
ǲ˶ڴսʧ裬ŮģǺ޲̽Ůͽг衣
һЩλģ͵͵ռңҪռռҵ֤ʧְʱ򣬾ͽЩ֤ó侮ʯ
ȴ֪ǵЩСȫ
ν¹ѻһһ
̫ӣһЩҲ̫Խ޴֮ӡ
˻ʵۣȻҲû˹ǡ
ο۶̫˽ˣǲٹЩ¡
̶Ҳ͸ˡ
ΪһֱսҪ檣гԴ˲鵯Ρ
ʱЩˣеıץסСӣɾˡ
еģΪ⣬ûԵ֤ڳС
Ϳ˲˳ˣ͵кʵĻʰǡ
ΣȥҴؽóͬʱҲ˳ʰ˳Щͷ
ɱӺҰǼԡ
룬Щ˾ϵúܡ
ûֻ֣һ
ǾͿʼĦʥ⣬˿治ҪԸĻʺ
̿Ϣˡ
ǣϢ󣬾Ȼϴˣ
սҪַ˯˵ϷҪȫףЩ˵
öɱˣ
ֻ޲̾褹
ƫƫ»á
ʧѾãһֱûϢ
ҪͻȻҵˣ϶Ҫɡ
ңȥҴʵϣ褵ǴѲ£ѰҴڣ¶۲һ飬û߻ʵԶΥգҵ
ʱ϶̡̫
ھ褻óɾûôĽˡ
ֻš
죬㳹̲סˣְսĹ
ɻ֣ͦھͺ֣Ե޿̱ѶŸλȲعӲţǴȥ˻οޣ
ɣ̾Ҳʲôַַˡ
͵͵˸褴褼ӿٶȡ
󣬳˸ʵս΢ȥ̽ĳϡ
֪λ̣Ͼٴβˡ
ǲµʲôϢûó̺֪
εĲǸա
񵽵ײŶӾôȥˣӻĵճӣǽƴΨһӡ
ǽ˵һսβ
ʵ֪ϢϾѾӣλȨܸɴ࣬
һֱܶųϵһһϲô飬ס
һֱûӦ뿴̬Ȱˡ
ɣǵ֪ϢŻȲŻʺ˽
⣬ͲԼôƻˣῴ
Ϊ֪Żȥ
Ȼ󣬳ȻҪ״һӡ
Ͼһĸֵͬܣ̫ܲ顣
Գ̴սȥ˰̽
ǵ˺󣬰ϳ񣬾뿪ˣȻ͡
Դų̺սȥ˳סԺӡ
߽ȥսŵŨŨҩζ
ȻѾ˲ӣطҩŻܳôŨҩζ
߽䣬ҩζŨˡ
ƹ磬ֻڴϣžһģ
±˵ս̶ˡ
Ȼ֪ϲأȴû뵽Ȼء
΢΢һ㶣뵽鵽Ϣʱͻˡ
ϲһЩɡ
ʱ۾
ˣ̺սͻȻԳǡ
ƺҪЦȴûֻ΢΢䡣
ս̲סüͷ
϶˵ǸˣɿزﷴЩζ
ͻȻ˵㡭ǡˡ
-

668 23 ̵ı

̾Ӹµؿųϣ̵˵㸸˵㲡ÿ첻ˣصܽ޺ͻʺһ
ԣɫ˱䣬Ŀ⸴ӵؿų
ǣĿУһıǱ߬һ㣬ܵ
Щ꣬ԽǹԽǰĽ֡
ǰ۲ɴطȨʮĻʵۡ
λʱ򣬳̺ͳΪϴزͣQʱʱҪһԳ
Ϊӣÿÿų۸ԣȻܲܡ
һֱӳ̺ͳ壬޲ýʬΣǺ顣
Ȼ۶ʵ̫ˡ
ֻҪλһ죬ûŪˡ
ȰȰò׵ȵۼݱ˻ʵۣҲ̫̫ӡ
ΪüŪ̺ͳ˵
ɳȴ֡
Ǹò׿ྡȫˡ
ȴΪ̺ͳ˸ңѺԽԽ
صؽ̫˳ȥھǶ¡
ˣħһͻȻ;òȥ
ǳ񱩱жҲڵ˻ʵۣ£С
ӴԺ󣬳ҰȫҲû˸ҷ
ϧֻάʮ꣬ͱж
ǰӸ̫ѡԳֵʱ򣬸Ѿޡ
ҲˣǸֵЩӡ
һΪ岻ãн黳Ҳ޷ǰСС;Ϳʼ
ǳһֱӲãûĸ쳣ġ
Դӽߺÿ񶼻Աߡ
뵽ǰ֮߱٣еĸԽԽ
βأ˵Ӳ˵Լˡ
ԭΪΪֲǰĴ󣬳Ϊһǧ﹦ҵ
ڿĳͷˡ
ϳ̺ͳѣ˶ǶǧС
Ҳ񣬾̫֮ʣǸûʵۡ
ŻѪͼΡҲֻܳΪһʢ̫ƽ
ʵȴݺݴ
ʵֻ֤ʱĹͱʮĻҪöࡣ
ʮѪЩֱǸЦ
Ѻͳ񶼱Ȳϡ
ʲôʸ񣬾ûλģ
Ȼ۶óõļ̳ˣֵ׳ѡλ
Щӣϵһֱ顣
ǰУ뵽һľԽû˻ȥ
û־ȻҲԽԽᣬȴ·нľһ㡣
ʱų̵ĳһɢ
Ͼ÷̣ԭվǲĵġ
ſ˵ɷݱܣ롭ͱ¡˵˵ȿȿȿȡ
δ˵꣬ͻȻҵؿ
ս״ָ̲ϡ
˲ֹ˿ȣЩ𾪵ؿս
һԵĳ״˿ԥһ˲˳ȥ
һߣ̱˵ӣ̬ŵڴ£ۿųϣ˵ôԼ⸱ӣѲɣǷʲô
ˣȥҹϰɣϧⱲעŮҲעϣǲǺʧ
ˣòΪ²ŲİɣҲǣһƬΪԭ䷢޸λ
һûҲѹģӶˣֻһҪѰݸ飬
ԽԽ̲סҡû㡭𡭡˵
ôΪѰ
ǣȷҹΪǰţĸѾĥһɶ
ֻ󣬲֪ΪΣĹ۸ֱø
Բ͵͵ȥҡ
˭֪ɳȥ˻󣬾ûˡ
ҳµʱҾ͸
Ȼסȴŵ˿ຮ֮ءһŮӣܵסĶӻ
ȥǱûþòͽ˵һĹ٣˵ҡ˺ü궼˴һ֪ǳӳ⣬
㳹˳йܣܽˡ
ϵ֪º鸴˺ܾãǿ޵ķϣСٵ֤˴ˡ
Ǹ˳
ʱ̵ĻϾ֪һһ¶Ͽ
⵹Ҳ֡
Ҳôɹ
ֻݶԵֱ䳰ȷ׻Ǿ÷ǳܡ
·ǸС󣬲ôQQ̵ġ
-

669  24 裬Ŀ

ԽԽ̲ס༥㡭⡭͡ǡΪˡΪЦЦȿȿȿȡ
˵ͱ˵ˣ㿴⸱Ҫӣ޶öˡ
ò㡭㡭롭ҡ
ǾûƵģͻȻЦһڳһŮͽ۸ı飬޿Űۡ
һ⻰þǿһŲͣƫƫܵ˵
ۿţֱóϲŤͷʵ㻹ǵãϱô𣿡
ϵһȻͲˣһԸԳ̣Ҫӱܵӡ
ּ̱ѡ߱λгһգҲ᲼㸸׵ĺ󳾣˶ɱڻλϣ
һʲôûʼû˵
̳Цһֽ˵ô꣬ҲŪ¶˭˰ɣҲȰ߱İɣڹ
⻰һҲͲסӾҵز
ôûף
Ȼˣ
ͳΪ̺ͳѵ£˸ҡ
ȷǽϣһһ˵̺ͳѵĻ˵ҰģẦһҡ
Աǣ
ֻˣǲܹȡ
ɳȴʼչų̺ͳֵܣ϶֡
Ժ޿̣Ӧ˽ϵ飬Į˽ϸ¶˳ȥ
ȴ룬Ჽϸ׵ĺ󳾡
ףԭͲΪŴζײ
е齭ңҪԽ֣
˿ĸ֣񵱳˶
Ǻúݵģ
ϼŲ̲ͣסŤͷ˫Ŀصų̣㡭㻹롭˵ʲôҡ㡭ܵ⡭ǲǣ
̾ӸµؿһЦ˵ˣȷʵܵ⣬޾ã㲻ƫҪţ˫۾úÿţʢ̫ƽģ
õɵۣð˵
ʱսóһҩ裬Ҫ죬ͻȻֱ֣ϵ죬ҩ
ϱܵҪ³ȴȥ
־ŭ㡭ҳԵʲô
̵ü޸ղѾ˵ˣ㻹ԣúûŰɣˣ޾㸸ȥ㡣
ңôô׸磡㻹ǲˣ
̲мƳһۣ㲻Ҳɱֺα̬
Щһֱеںޣô˵þѪ
ų̣ҧгݵ˵Ͳ¡һŻв㣿
̲мЦƾ㣿Ҳ̫Լˡ޵췴ֻҪ£
˵գ̣ս𣿡
սϺ˸ޱ˵ֻҪԼˡ
Уߣùˡһͣ첻£֪Ѱٻ治ˡ
˵սߡ
³ϹڴϣҪ׷ȥ
Ǳˣսߺ󣬳ϿʼԹԺҩˡ
ҩرࡣ
ӲһµĿҩŷŹ
ȳϵӺЩˣͱȥӵ
ǸʮĿ£Ϊ֤̿ǸȥˣԹذѺӵ˳
һʼȻ˺ͨĺӵͰյЦԼĳԶˡ
תһȥĳͻȻ߲ʵϼ⡣
Ѱҡ˵º̴˸˹ȥȻϼֵĵطҵһصĺϻӡ
һϻһ˴򲻿
ҹ̽ϻ뾩ǣר˴򿪡
֮װľȻʧѾõĴ
Ϣ󣬺ܿ˳Ұ¡
ܳȥ۶̫ع֡
󣬳԰䲼گ˴
گ䲼ĵ죬ϿͻȻϼ⣬оϼдԾХڡ
һĿ
ǹٹ٣ˣǹİȨ󣬷׷ײԼͬعڵأɽꡣ
һĻΪ𣬼ʷ֮С
һתۣʱҴš
̼λĵʮ꣬ԳĻʼҿѧԺɹƳװ˻𳵺ִ
ǳ̺ԥλ˳ӳ׼ѧۣսȥ˼¡
ڳĵǻʽϣͻȻϼ⣬ס˳̺ս
˾ٹٺȫǰյ棬ϼض𣬳Ϸȥ
-

670 25 µ磨꣩

̽ŵץսŽԽңԶĻʳǣЩ±ƵʣҪȥĶ
սҲһ±ƣҡҲ֪
ôͻȻͷˣ
̱סԼµòͣȴο£ȥĶҶᱣġ
սų̵Ķ£һ
ԽԽߣΧ˰ããһƬ
սΪƲ㣬ȴֲַˡ
ͳƺ֪ϼһֵĵط
ͻȻָһʵ㿴һڷɣ
սһŤͷһһڷɡ
ӲӵģƽɵƷȴֱȻƽƯöࡣ
ؿţǿŽȻǷ˹
̺ս״˲侯
գۼ䣬ǿýӲӵǰ
Ǻֻܴ˸һЩһЩ֦Ѿ˽ӲӵҶƬ
Щû뵽ǣһ֦ѾϣȻſһֻè
èŽɫ۾ؿǡ
̺սر񾭡
ȻֻèС˶ֱΣա
쳣衣
ͻȻһŨĹ£
˶һۣ𾪲ѡ
ղȻǴǰϴģ
ѵֻè˵
ʱǵǿԸ⽫ϵĹ½׸ң
սͳٴζһۣ͵͵
̣أ
սҾòܴӦԷȻҪ£Ǿ˵ⶫ϶ʲôô
̣Ҳôġ
ܾǸ⹦á
¶ԷͻȻᣬ̺սһֱܾ衣
ڣԷƺûҪ˼ֻź˵ˡ
̺սһҪɿͻȻƬɫҶӽɵǰ
ٴζһۣûҽӡ
ղŵ˵ȻԵƬҶ¡Ժı⣬Σգϵңҽ衣
һ̽ʵ֪¿ɷ֪⵽ʲôطΪλ
ʣ򹦵·Լ֪𣿴硣ǣȻѾ֮·Ȼȥн硣н࣬ȥͿǵˡ
̺սô˵ʱˡ
ǵĺӺͼ˶ߣȥʲôн磬ҪͼԶֿ
սܿʵȥн磬ܻ𣿡
㹻ǿȻܹܿ˵ǲȥҲԽϵĹ½׸ңһḶ㹻ıꡣ
̺սٴζһۣжЩ
Ƭ̺󣬳˵Ǿȥн翴˵Ľףպлᣬǻῼǡ
˵ҲãȻˣƬҶ°ɡԺܾһн磬ɲʲôȫĵط
˵ֻèͻȻһڴߴ١
ܿ˵һ£һǣ
䣬ýͻȻһԶȥǡ
սͳ
ս̲סʳ̣˵ղǿʲô˵Ůӣ𣿡
̳ҡҡͷӦòǣȻ֪ʲôղǿҵĸоʥҾãƬҶӿ¡
ս˵ͷҲÿţȻ֪ʲôҾӦûж⡣ңո˵н粻ȫӦġ
˵Ǿţ˵Ժõĵط
˵꣬˾ͷǰͻȻһɾ޴ƬҶۿžҪǹͻߡ
һʶ֣ƬҶץס
ҶӸһ֣ģһʧӰ٣·δֹ
ţǹԽԽǿǰһڶĿӡ
޴ǺڶдսͳֻüסԷͱصĺڶ֮С
ֻһƬڣ޴ѹѹϣ쳣ܡ
ҧսڻϵĹͷҪ飬ɲϷſ
ΪԼᱻ÷ǵʱͻȻһ̡
ţһĳӿܿ콫ȫסǸܵĿѹ
̺սһۣ˿
ս϶˵ƬҶӣ
̵˵ͷ֪ʲôŻƬҶӸǡǲ֪ΪʲôҪ׹¡
ս²⣺¶ʲôã
Ӧ
̸˵꣬ǰͻȻһȻǾɵۡ
ĿǸ¥ãз賤ֲ
Ÿõĳζ
𾪵ؿһУĿĸ¥Щ졣
սн磿
սҲһı飺ҡҾӦǱˡ
̾ƺ֪ʲôʣͻȻԶһ˻
ŤͷһֻĹǷɱ
ǵģ󣬳̲ˡ
Щһ߾߰븯õʬ壬ǾȻţ
սܣӦĩǵþҸط
˵̲סңҿĿռ仹ڣȻԺûˡ
ӵģ˵ǻᱻȥнΪʲôǻĩֹط
ǿɵİɣ
Ҳ̫ˣ
սˣǵĻ治ǿýӲӵ
˷ɱѰҵطܵʱһߣͬ̾ϢղңȻҪȥֵط
è˵˭ǵùȻkˡЩ£ȥĩӦҲԱ
ЦҵĽҶӣ϶û⡣˵Ժǻϵҡ
è߰˵ܹ㣬ȷǵˡ
˵䣬һһèҲһط
ǵʱҹֻݻıһŵŮͻȻ˴¥ȥ
Ǳش¥Ϲ䣬غûãϾͳһĿѪۡ
ŮʹŶӣҵĺӣ
èһѣĺӱסˣȥ
ЩɣҾͿԱ𣿡
è˵ͷûܱˡİɣһһֱġ
ԣŻһ⣬ûŮС
ŮֻСһů˾ʹͻȻʧֻʣİů
ɵ¶Цݣɫһ䣬ӵվŭؿŸոᱣķѩ٣ˡ

صС˵www.27txt.com ȥС˵
½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ