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ĴβһƾɵƬſڣһɫ鲼µʮϸһ֮ɫȥʱʱĿ⻹̽յľš
ͷŮӼʱһָ߹һʹɫԽͣ˫ֺʮүҲǼСѶģֻϽ޶ĸӾ߰ͺá
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3 ҥԲ

ҪǹүھͺˡЩ฾ǣͲͷ˵˵ˡ˵ףɲ۸Ǽҹ¶ĸôСӣ˵үʲôʱŻ
С΢΢ü׻һĨã˵Ҳ֪

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ʹʮֵľ񣬶Ը¸¹˹ָͷһһСسĲݴԶè˹ȥ
ߵһأŵζˣһȻС͵
ֵǿС׽ôԣԻ㻳ģ
С͵Ҳ̫ûʳﰲȫʶ˰ɣ
һˡɸûаëǮϵ
ȿȿȡ
ݴŵ˺Ȼðһ˵ĻСãȻ㵵ؿǰķĴ׶죬Ǳ̲סſǻȣˮܸܲһЩˮ
Ұ
ǰһСкջûסһӴӸϪҨˮ͵͵ص˼ռȪˮ
Ск͵úˣ죬ŷ硭
ŻֺЦ˭ʲô֣ΪʲôҪ͵ҵС
͵ԣ
ԭǸͨͨģǺСӣС
СкǺŶҲǹ̵ģߵе̲סԼ˶Ŵ꣬˼̧ͷȥԥãС˵ҡΪҰСӡ
ܶһĹժһҲţò׷СΪȴû뵽Ǻһغ
̥ǵСŮڣȻҪȥ޵үˡ
ҽаݣòݡأ
òףݲŸоǻֻĸоˣСԴҲ侲ش˷⡣
ҽа𡣡
˵ţָָԼԶŵĴ׶죬и¸£ҵС顣
¸¡׶췢Ѽš
ݿǺԵĴ׶죬Щ棬Ҳûʡ
ڵҪĿģҪôɽ߳ȥ¶ӡ
ΪѾûԹʳˡ
뵽⣬ֿ˿Сʣ֪Ĵ𣿡
ţ
ֵؿ㲻֪ԼڵɽǷĴķΧɽͽ˴ɽ·ûд˴㣬ͽɽˣ
СǴ뿪ˡһɽ壬˵ȥһҵСӣҲ֪ôɽСǷĴܴܲȥСӣ
֣
Ҫ
ӣòǰаݵСкʣǸĴ壬ʲôѽ
Сüͷ룬ҡҡͷǵˣֻ֪շ˵ĴĴӡ

˼ȥȻðȥףӦǺ׾ʶŶԣֱӽݴȥϣ
󣬷԰˵Ҵȥ˰ɡ
ڵ΢΢һص˵ͷлл㡣
ĬĬ룬Сиÿ̥ǣȴǸСãСáܲһء
Դ·ʼ㷽ûٱɽɽĴˣ·ȻҲϤ֡ȻҲᱳŴ͵͵ɽС
Ȼϱûѧ˵ĵҲ˵ƥĹ£棬Բܱ¶ԼĽݺͽӿռ䡣
СֳɹˣʹŶժȥֵƷֲҲ˻ɡ
Ϊ·Űһӵʱ䣬ɽص˷Ĵ塣
ȻҪſȥʱǺͬСŮسܹ𲻺ؼȥȥңҪأ
ɶ
Ҫ㣿
һ£ͷԣ㣬ɶ¶Ϊɶ̺ö˶˵ҼȥˣҪ㣿
ȻԲǺǵѰŮӡ
ĸԸӲһһδĽãҧÿӵѧѣ͵ȥѧա
Դ˵زķԷҲԷ磬㶼ҡ
귽ô֣ò˵ŹҲûٸᷢǼõ£ôַⲡˣ
￴ŷ۵Сֹ̲ס˵˿ڣүң˵̶ʧٵ飬֪ˣ̾ȥҿ˵ǽÿĴӣţҪϰĽöȥϷƽ
껰ɫ䣬קԵİݾҵķɿȥ


5 

ιǣǶҵʲôȻǼҴȢɥǻö˶˵ӲǱƵҶȥ̶ӣںǼҴʬġ
ŮôˣһΪиõӹҪû¸ǼҴѵļ̳õô˼Ϊ㡭㾹ȻʶҪĸû˰
صſڵʱ򣬿ΧΧһȺס
˷϶̷ڵһѱһغţһԵķϱҲڸͽ˵ǣǴӸĸֶŮҵĿһĴ˼ҽң
ʲô˼ҰǿǱ׸ǼСѾͷÿ»һӵǮϣĸѾͷǿӰ㹻ͨϰһһĿˡ
˭֪Ҵɩ˵˵ȥĸҴӵмˣҪŮһ˵ͰĸƣĸҪίĸˣ
ôѽСӣô˵ĳ๫ϣƽﲻԸϳҲˣô涯أôˣҪٱƳôԵҴ𣿣
кͷӹϵȽϺõģվҵĲ¡
ʱϻۣϸ·һ綼ܴܵģվſڴӲŲûȥؿһڵϵķӺͷϱ
๫ĲˣҵŮǣԼҲͲĸ˼ˡ˵ǽҸʮһǸһһǧҲŮ飡ȥҪҲҵŮȥůѾͷ
ʮ찡ҹȻǮȻʮһСѾͷһĸ
ѽ
ȫũôӣҵĻ̲סĽʺˡ
ţҲҪСѾͷǼҵѾͷҲеİҲŮѽϾŮǮǮ׬Ǯģʮ˸۵ģҽ˽ңжÿһǮ
ǣȻ˺ܿ˵ҲʶôģҹͲˣҵľȻʮƾɶϣ
ȻƾѾͷɺ
ϱݺݵĵһڣʵ̫ˣĸʲôʱ˵ĸѾͷÿʮˣֻѾͷѾͷҪÿ
ֻаĸѾͷȥҲʮӣɹһѸӸײĵöˣ
ƾɶӣֻҪǳԲˣΪɶҪԼ׹Ů
׷Źȴһ˳վߣ˵С£Ůģ㲻⣬֣Ǿֱӱȥùү
ɲô˵㣡
ŵĻɫһ䣬˵ŮΪԲ˷ⲻΪ˼ŮãгкָǮôͲȸһѸǿˣ
弸仨ŮǼ޺˼ûǼҴ𣬹¶ĸңԺɲñż۸ˣȥЩᣬָƣѾͷ伸ɾأ
ɾǡ
ҳǣһǶ۽ǣ߬ŵӶҪ˺ˡ
һԵӽס֣СĪֻҪǲͷⷽӻܰѹ°ȥɣ
ҲûбԼҾ˿еĸŴ󻧣ڽ˼ң̫˽ˡ
νĺɾҲǸļū˼ūͶūǼӣ÷
ҵŮǣٵͼҲȥū

Ⱥ
ǵͷſϳһɫ̥ǵСŮޣǣһ˵Сޣָ׶죬ȺֱſڵСӶȥ
𡭡
ҿСŮҲģһ§ϸʣȥ޴׶ôӻˣ
ŮǲЩH£ԳȥѧյĶѾͷѾͷѾͷͷ
СŮȻͷһæʹ˸ɫѰȥ
ŮлҪ˵ء
գգ۾ת˫ֲԲ۾˷Ǽٿ޵˵̣ҵʧٶѣûʬ壬ҰôͳɹѸأ
ݺݵһۣСѾͷƬӶʲôûϢҪֻʧ٣ôҵõ·ⶼôˣҲɲǡ
ΪӵѶܣ˿ٿӡź̥ǵĵ׾͸ӷˡҪѾͷϻ̥ǣźָŮѾͷѾͷһҵůѾͷ
ҪϢأϢ˵ҵʧ٣ˣ𣿡
СѾͷƬӡʵûĸƤȥ˵Ҫ
ҲڵĻᣬæİƵҵĸǰ˵ǰݣ֪Ϣ˵ǵĴҰģм뿪ˣðϢ
˵ڸղ˼Ⱥʱ򣬷ĺͰ˵ˣðݰæһ£͵óֻ֤ʧ٣ˣ
ղż˵ĻҲ֪ˣԭ׾ҪҵСӡ
ԣ԰Ȼûġ
СС˶ҲΧôֱĿ⣬˵СȻݣŻܿͷ峺Ưӿң࣬С𣿷ðﻹһⷽдء
˵ţһ£һֽݸҡ
ҲǱͻһ¸ˣΪСкŮС֣ʶؾȥֽ
Ҷӵţ
һشӵû˵ͶֽţŴǺʶֵĿЩҿ϶дɶӣ
һȺо˹ĵİ꣬ӹһ˵ƽûɩӱģаݵСкǹ֮ӣ˵¶ֻʱ鷳ɩչˡ
ûˣ
һŵӣ㵵ؿŵꡣ
ҡҡͷţ˵ôࡣҿʼǴæдµġīˮۼʱղ˵ȷʵء
⻰һһҧһ䣬СӣȻ㶼ûԼ
ĸƢˡ
Ѿͷ
ǲܵģ
ղУһС
Ѿͷû׳еʱ֣
Ů˵ˣҾҪúÿѾͷүůȫӣŮĹѻ鸾ˣҲֻзɺģýۣ
ҪǳˣǮԶֹʮأ
ԽԽǣĿɨһѾͷŵӣջĿ󣬳һ
ҿɶΪã󻪻Ҳ˵ĵط
ǰɩĻᣬ˼Ķأ
ϱЦЦǰס˷ӣǾ͵ȴ󲮻Ҵ󲮺ú̸̸
š
ӽ˶ϱ̨£ȫȻû˷Ŀ޲·һжûһŤͷŶϱɢȺ˳ȥ
ҲǱԲҪĸӸò۳ȥæ˻˻֣һҲɢ˰ɣûʲôÿģ
ϱҲϽаݵ޶ȥúʰɡ


6 ʲô

ʣȻҪúʵġ
ܵ޶ʰ׵ˣźʡ
л˷ź󣬾ͺӴͰݽݡ
ͷѾͷѾͷæΧû˰ɣ
ţûˣǱ£ﲻǵġ
ҵȴ˰ļˡ
ĩˣӴŰݣѾͷѾͷŷһһͷϴȥˡ
ɩӡ
Ҹհ꣬ſھ
һʶֵͽŵݸ˵ԼҲʶ֣ţԼһɡ
ʲô
һ㻪ţ
ΪСŮСкͨһϷҪѷϻ߰ˣȴû룬ȻԼ๫ţ
ǰɩӣıʼѱϡ
˵ţЦЦֱӽͼæתܿˡ
վſڣ۾ǲ˫֣չ
ˮҲֹסˣӿҲ±æܻС͵͵ȥˡ
Ȼ
һͷϴķ𶼲֪ԼĲ񣬼ٵϢϢ
СϣľҨˮСϣͷʣ㡢㣬Ǽ𣿵ĸ㳤úǵһأǶ㿡һ㣿
͡
㷽⻰һûסЦŷС˵ѽ㣬˵ٱˣ㵱ӣһŮޣٿܿɣοǵ
˵ţĪЩѹΪ켰ˣֻϣǵʱ
㷽ɺԣ𣬴˵ĶԡʵôȥˣҲѵģòˣżʱһЩֻФ͵ĸоǲһġҵļУִָģҲǷʵģǰվһ𣬾һɾ£
ɾ°
ž˾úֳĻ롣
ͷĻľΪϹѧãԳѣ֣ǰȡġڶĻģҴ㣬ֱǵ˰洫ѧʲôʲô
̲ס㣬˵һĴˣϸһ
˰𣬱ˣȰ·ϰɡ
ɫؽСܲͷת˹·ס
Ըоѣգգ۾ʣǲǲѽ
û
ĵػӦţĵȷʵˣΪʧôãò˶Ϣȴǣ㵽˼ſڣҲǺ˵һ仰Ҳá
ãӳڣûֻܿõȥģ淽ţ̲סᣬҲ̲סҪԹ
ֻһţʲô룿
Ҳ÷Ĵ󣬲⡣
ҪǷ֪ôĻίġ
ʵҲĴֻǴСû׵һ漸֣ڴּ֡
Ƿ˵׵ѾĸŮĻǰ㶼ϵġ
Ϊ𾫴ûУԼʱʱֺ̱̿ҲСȴߵմĽԽǸ׽߱ͷǹҵˣԽܸĺ
֮ԸbuffģˤӡùҲ˿
ԣƶ׵ʧˣҲԲܶʬҰ⡣
һ죬ƽƽػĸӼžۣ
ͷýǰæϴĥĥĲһ
ӶܿͰݸʰɾ˴ھͯ·
ҿϴɾ󣬷۵ҴżֹСһӾסˣ˲׹ӿ²ͨ˼ҵĺӡ
ҺܿӵɫضСк֣ݣһЩ
ݵһμĸ׻ҪŮӣҵĻ鲻ԽŲԾִٵߵǰ
ҿڽţϸذĪ£๫Ȼиң㰲ס£һǰ㡣
У貢ûжڰݵΪ˽ֻ֪ҪݣʣһС
Щ飬ʺдֻֽ֪Լᡣ
Ҳ÷ܷͬġͨԵķޣһôƽ⡣
һСӣ̸ʵ׶ģˡ
ȻĻݽСҲһ˿ɣСؿңʣ᲻߶ŵСǡ
ϾﶼŮ죬Ψһкӡ
µġ£ûôء
ĻƶԼĲ룬ЦЦ˵Ůޣڼ֮ǰһҰˣסºðȥϤϤ
š
ص˵ͷ
Ҽ飬ļҳѯʵȫʲô꼸ˣ˵һ˵Ҳð֪ôƺ
ī游ȡطݣﳤҰݣˡ
طط𣿡
ǵġ
Ǹء
ЦȽȽؿš
СһӾͺСĸףǵڶֵŮԳˡ

ʰ޺Լƨƨߵܵ
û̧ͷˣҾͱСһ˸ϵζ㲻㣬Ӹϴģ
ʪͷᣬȻЦţ㣬İҲġ
⻰òС
пŤͷȥվŵСݣȻ󡭡ͱ޵ˣ
ģϱӼⱲӣûôÿкӣ
һ˫Ĵ۾۵٣ɰ׵ƤһֵһҪȥĳ嶯ƯС꣬۷۵ģԼӣСѾɰˣȲϰС죬̲סҪȥĸоټͷŸɰСôϱϿֶĹСͯӣ
ôܳñ㻹Ҫÿأ
ĲŮ𣿣
ֱؿīطݣĽʺޣһζԼòŨŨĲţ
īطݱֱ׵Ŀ⿴öӸˣӣͷ
𡭡
ҿСŮīطĿתģɵЩЦתС˵㰢СҪôẦߵġ
գգ۾īطݶҰͷ̧ģĵ̾һðɡǵҸˣ쿴̫ÿˣĲС𣿡
ǡ
ҺЦСŮķҪݸ磬ҪúչϤĴһС
ţ
ص˵ͷһαｻôҪĵ׻еС˷ܵġ
ݸ絽ʲôΪɶҪס


7 Ҷ 

ڶ峿
ſڵĴ׶췢ġ¸¡׼ʱﹰСƨɺ˯ķѡ
һµģܿ뵽˽컹аﲼø񣬾Ӵ
ôЩԾȤôô磿û͵ʱء
һظԼ·һӦţ̫ɹҪݸȥϤӣ
ԭ
̲סʧЦѵÿСŮôһ죬ȴΪīطݡ
ȷʵͦϲСݵġ
ҲͲ̫Сһദˡ
ݸ˯ѵͷ𣿡
𴩺·վߵҵǰԹԵСϣðС
ǼȻͦģƲƬȴ䡣һԣ˯Һͷ𣬴ԣͷһסģƽףһС˯齡
Ϊīطкӣõ˯Ѿʰһ£˳Լȥ˯ˡ
ѽûѡ
ɣټϸŮͷˣܿ˷ͷ
˿ͭԼС⼫ˣ˵һȥݸ֮СȾͷɿܳӡ
¸¡
ſڵĴ׶˷ܵƸȥ
ܿߵīطݵͷСצţʣݸ𣿡
ˡ
ͷİݣæһ䣬æҵش·󣬽Ŵˡ
ӡźɫ̥ǵС˵ݸ磬ǲû˯ѽôоȦǺڵġ
ݴе㲻˼˵
ȷʵû˯ãΪڶе㱣Լһ˿ţԼȻСӼﰲˡ
ǲݸϴѽ
ûشһ䡣
ݶӶеˣæûҲϴģһ㲻Ӧ
ûϵʱ䳤˾Ӧǿȥ緹ɣ緹ͳȥ
һ˵ţһߡ
Ҳǡý緹ҲԼλϣس緹
С̹ˣҲϽʢЩ࣬ŵ˵ǰ
СݻЩнΪзСڣܻգҲܹ˺öԵģҪôԲźóԡ
ԣȻϰߣҲܽӦ
극ԭɺǲС̳ȥģҪһȥȴܾˣ˵㣬и¸أ¸ºܱǵġ
ɺ⻰ҲǿЦãðɣҪǵýĻҪЩ˵
֪֪գҪ߷磬Ҷֲٿ⡣ø¸ȥܣ˼ҪҩǮġ
СѧŴһĶ˵ţһҿǺԾСģѷɺòУСӺϸƤˣҪ㿴϶ҪСġ
ƤСͷ
תŰݺ͸¸ˡ
ݸţСֹţ۸˶ܻ֣ҪǶھͺˡ
Ķ㣿ݺʡ
˵ͷһ˫ƯĴ۾·˸ųݵСǣģСС˵ѽˣȫ޶򲻹Ҷ㣡
ȫ޶򲻹ģǲС
ݱʾЩɡ
ĶҲʮɣ
ôܴȫޣ
Ů޻˵ʮɱͬŮ޴ˡ
𿴳ĻɣҲ⣬˵ֻҪ˭۸㣬ͱҶţǿ϶˵ġھûʲôҪˣΪҰѸ¸´ˣ¸սҶһţġ
⻰Ǳͨ׶컹Ҫ׳ʵȦĸ¸£ʱеЦá
һƵشӴβһ·ߵ˴ͷ
Ĵ޻ãڼסģһžȺ
Ĵ壬㣬ʮ°ڵҲʮʮкģҲֻżҵС㣬ģ͸һԶԶء
ðݾú֣ͬʱҲЩ˷ɺǰǾ䶣ʲô˼
񲢲ϴǵСȺ塣
·ЩСʱ˵ѽ޾Ȼ˸ôÿСС˭ѽΪʲôҪһ֪Ҫù𣿡
ݾˡ
ָС
ǾȻСޣ
΢΢üŤͷһ۷
ЩȻҲ
Ƿȫûһɰͦأ죬СǰţĿбӵ·˸ղȺ˵Сޡ
ԣϰ
ݸ磬㿴ɶأ
ţͷīطݲˣŤͷֵؿһۣͼȺԵСޣ֪ЩʲôµСϣСüͷҪšëëˡ
ݸ磬Ƕûÿ

һ£⻰͸ˣæҡҲǡ״Σ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ƿ⣬ЦеؿݸǵĻΪʲôҹ𣿡
š
ݵ˵ͷؿŷŴ̥ǵС
ʵԲԲģҲܾƯ۾ģСۣȴرҲСֿɰһŷཱུСͰ͵ģ˵Ļ۲ʱ׵ġкɫ̥ǣҲ㶼˾ÿɲʲôޣ෴ģе񰢾˸ģ·ٵСӣصϵʱ̥Ǿûأ
ʵ
սݵĶߣСĹ棺ǶڼҵòͿɰŸȡôţҰ˵ҵ̥ǲŲΪͶ̥ģǽͶ̥Ŷԣ
ϸҵ̥ǣǲеƬ
˵ţʹԼСݵǰա
ĻҲˣϸϸؿչС̥ǲλȻϸϸƬ·ˣŵϽɫĹâ
һʱ䣬Ϳˡ
Ϊû˭̥ǳģϾҪ͡
ǲ˵
վֱˣգգ۾Ͱ͵īطݡ
ʵеСᡣ
ò˸飬Ȼīطݸܡ
ԼƬҲȦһºøжȡ
īطһ㶼УҪīطݳúÿ֮⣬Ϊ쿴Լһʱû¶Ŀ⡣
Ϊ̥ǣСûܹۺͳЦ
÷ſģûҪ˵Ŀ⣬ڼ˵УɰС
ɷ𵽵ǸС̣СͨСС
֪۲ȫԳʱȷʵ̫ÿҲ˼ҵ˵
Ϊĺ˽𾫵Сġ


8 

š
īطݻ񣬵˵ͷ峺ؿŷƯĴ۾Ц˵˵һҼÿ̥ˡ
ǰǰɣ
Ļ˲ͣ㼫ˡ
ȻеƯС磬۹ⶼһߣ
Ȼûݸ㳤úÿԺͲһء
ǰʱ򣬳ÿɺÿˡ
Ⱳӿ϶Ҳȥ
ʱЦģīط룬㲻ȳʵҲܺÿġ
ι˹֣
īط˵ŻأȻһ˿Ĵ³˽
ŤͷͼھӵŮѾԲһ絲ǰ棬ԻһСã۾ؿԵīطݡ
𰵽һãѾʮһ꣬ΪŮصñ׳һʮأԶԶһСɽ
ȫޣľѾû֮һ
ΪѾֵ֣ϵٶûˣȴҸоãԼȫСĽã͸ֽг˹֣رǶԷÿζǰ㶼ͺ࣬ôô˷ĳڡ
ƫƫ򣬶ҷǳ˭۸ŮܴСȫҶù
˵СʱѵѾһΣҪʧٵ׵ڣ¶㶼Ҫֱȥˡ
ԴˣѾƵߣҲ뷽ǧǧѾͻ
ԣÿαѾŸֽţҲֻţòС
ڣѾĽǶҰС翴ӲˬˣŲŲС壬ק¸£һѽīطݵԼ
˹֣㵲ʲô˭
Ѿɤźܴһ죬ĭҪɳ
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ܣ
īطݻûӦͱקˡ
ѾܣôÿСһˣŤˣС˵Ǹ
ԶԶôһ𣬽¸һܵøˡ
ǣһСޣ˼ʮȳܵÿ죿
ܳȥûԶۼҪסˣߺһ¸£󰡣
¸¡
׶ԣҲʲôе󣬵֪Ҫſ˳򣬳׷Ů׺ݵؽлš
ŮǱ׶ŵͣ˽Ų
棬Ѿ׷ţû߼Ѿȫ߲ˡ
СǱ׶ţҲ÷ҧгݵ׶죬ҵץȥˣ
īطݳɹѡ
īطݴ¸»ҸǸ˵Ҫץ¸ȥˡ
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һѶͷϵĺˮ˵¸»أң˭ġѾϹ¸ԼܲӰˡ
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šȪˮԣҲ࣬㶼ĸ¸»ɿ׶졣
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ŷĴɽСɽïܣΪ·УдСɽԡ
īطݸŷߵʱֵط֣ⲢԼɽ·
ض˵ϻһ·нݾ
ݸģȻ·еվǵС壬ܹɵصĿĵأԥˣһɣ

īطݱСɫӵؿǰһƬïܵľԣž;ϻۡ
ưҲ⣬ĳһƾֲԱһӣԭïܵľԾȻ¶һ
ݸ磬ѽϣ
˵ţԲСѾſ˶ڣһëëһŬͷꡣ
īطݿСģ̲סЦˡ
ܿ죬Ҳû˹˼ɣڷ棬˹
ò˵˵Ľݾ̫ݾˡ
Сڹ߹հ˹յ˺þãʮӵʱ䣬͵Ŀĵء
īطһܣɲٽ췽λ
뵽⣬ʳģССӣʱһ򣬻عζǻĸо漫ˡ
ռԵʳǵϣҲûζ
ֻǣǱԼ̣ùͺͺֲЩС顣
СС´εõʲôʱܽ
İССæӶء
ҵˣ
һæվСǰīطݺݸ磬
īطĻһ£ץˣ
Ȼ߹ȥһͼӶڣðֻĻɫСãư㶼һһСצꡭ
īطݿʱСһ̵Ӷˣëû¡
īطݣ
ú
ѽܽȥ˰
ƲƲ죬еСź˵ûݸСأ
īطݴʣ˵ġӣΪץ˼
ѽȻ֣ͷֵط
ȻͶ̥ˣΪϻŽ𾫵ЩСбܵ׽ֻҪٻǣǸоϢ󣬿϶ֵġ
һСһ
ԣ˵ҪɽӣȻץסҰá
ߣôץģ
Ұþúأ
ԭ
īطĬĬز˵ˣҲǣƾС̣ôץסҰã
ԡ
Ӹһɣ
áСÿѽ
СצڲŪŶڵһΣСƺΪоīطϵİϢôϳˡ
ֻСõӴ¶˸СԴ۾һۣವһ£ɿ˶
״Сź̾һ룬Ұõ̹ȻҲһƭء
īطݼ̾ΪûСӺѹأæûϵİ´Ӱɡ
СҲûɰһ㶼ġ


9 ҽ

ðɡ
˲ԶСϪӶʱһīط˵ݸ磬ȥץ԰ɣպֵСζ
īطݿȤζȻС֪˵ʲôˡ
Сÿȥÿ죬һһ
ӣҪˮ׽㡭
īطݺΣŷС壬˵СϪΣգһô죿ǲҪ˰ɡ
ôܻỬ
ƴסСȾͷɿسСϪķȥ
ܻ»ݸŰɣҺܿץˣ
īطݣ
԰𣬷ŹԼɡ
īطݸͲŷץ
С壬Сצӣ̵ˣҲСϺɡ
Ϊ˷ֹһƨˤСϪҲǸæظȥ
˭ߵСϪߣͿ˰ƴСڵŬطŶƤ
īطݣţʲô飿ЩôԼܵˣ
ܿ죬ϵҲ̣յ˰ߵһ±ƵīطݵǰС°ͣݸ㿴ץģɣ
ͦģǣΪʲôץô죿
żӵʱ䣿
ԶԶŷſˮ߹Ѿڰˡ
⻰Щˡ
Ϊǽ𾫰ˮãҺͬ׽ֻҪһˮ֪㡣
Ҫ±˻ɣԼСϪץ֣ÿ춼ü˳һٿ͵ģ
ԼСܣܸīطݣǷ͹ص˵ȻΪĲ㼼ɰܺץģǶϲڱȽϰĽʯϤϰԣ϶һһ׼Ҫݸԣ
ô𣿡
īطݿ峺СϪҲĪЩԾԾˡ
Ȼҽץߴţĳʯһ̣ץһС㣬ͷ󣬵Ҳǳɹ֤
ӣīطݵĺĳױѧŷӣԼĿźС߽СϪ
СϪϪˮٸҲû߹С̵Ĵȡ
ˮ峺ʯܶ࣬СߣҲڲȻ
˼ָʯͷķ϶˵棬ģݸȥ̿
ţ
īط룬СצӱСЩҲС㣬ץһץһ׼϶Ҳģ
ǣͰշڵķСʯ
ڴؿôݸǲˣ
īطšСüͷˡᶯȻ󻬻ĵģҲǺܴ󣬻ġ
ѽ
ô˰ݸ磿
īطɫѿҧ˵𣿡
ոպҧһڣۣ
ҧˣ
һ£æȥīطݵִˮק˳ȻȻĴĴָðѪСף
ɫʱһ䣬æƷ˴ʯͷ
һɫСˮ߷ɿشʯȥ
Сˮߡݸ磬£ˮûжգ
һæͷοīطݡ
ȴīطѾʯԭأµСһƬɷףŴ꣬һһ䣬ˮˮߣ
ѽСˮߣСһûģҲûء˿ϴϴͺˡ
˵ţϪˮȥϴ˿ڣȴ֣īطһСѾֱͦͦȥ
ݸ磡
īطݣҡ߰
ݸ磬ݸѽң
˾ţ֮εīطϵ˰ϡ
СˮûôСȥأ
ɫ׵ĺϾҪһŵӽӿռװһȪˮīطݵС죬ˮ
ԵīطݣʶģظоʲôҺ廬ĺ븹У֦¶һӾ֫ٺܵؿʼʣҪ¸¶
Сһ۽ë˶æʣµȪˮ
ɲ̫ܺ࣬ȶҪ˵ģ
Ҳ鼱֮£īطʲô⣬óιġ
ݸ硣
ҡ˼īطݵС򣬾ͼ۾һ˫ãȻؿǰ
˺һīطݲŷӦԼղűСˮҧ֮ˡ
ȿȡ
īطݿ̣æӵȥ۾С˵ҡߣԲŻᡭεȥġ
ߣ
ëˣϱѪģǵһμߵġ
оòҵӡ
һİС磬ǲǷַҪѰСŵȥ
ë̫Ҫѽ
οСɽ壬ġ
ţīطݵĿⶼ˼ۣݸ£ʵҲûʲôµģ´μߣҽôץߡƷߵķӣߵëӦþܺ˰ɣ
īطݹ֣׵òˣȥץߣֱˡ
Ȼô˵ĻôСǰ˵
ˣȻһСߣδҲԵ̫˰ɣ
ͷҲҪ
īطڵ׻һĨȻᶨضԷ˵ͷã´Ҹѧץߡ
šݸںö˰ɣ
ţոոҺʲôܺúȡҾˡ
Ϫˮ
治ɫգգ۾ػص
īطݿһһԵСϪеɻϪˮǸζôúȣ¶һζһ¡
īطûˡ
ָŰǼ˰ƴ˵ݸ磬ѹѹòã
á
Ȼ֪ҪôڣīطݻǺܸӵģ
㷽Ұ⿾ҰҰС֮ġ
Էѧ˴ʯһѸɿҶ֦ͿʼԱߵ
ֻСҲСʯǲҪ죬ϰ죬ûѲš
īطЩȥˣʣûд𣿡
ӣɶ
īطݣ
ûѽݸ磬ʯ͵͵ӳóģѶ֪أҪϽ㣬ûȥȻҪҳһ̵ĺܲˡ
˵ţСһʹòеģ
īطݿҲеСۣһùĴʯ˵ԡ


10 

ϪˮߣС̾ôһѿݲǰ
𾼾ضīطݿôʯҶš
ա
ǻ˸ɿݵҶϣһȼ
ɹ˰
˷ܵһУһ˫۾ؿīطݣݸ磬̫ˣһξͰѻˣ
ˣīطҲһ
ղСѹʯʱͲòȫעڿСʧôΣ˵Сţɹص˲𣬲Ȼöûӡ
ôһ䣬С̲ס
𽫴ò֦ϵ˲Ͽʼ
īطҲ㣬ѧŷڻϷ档
ΪҲ󣬻¶ȸܿŵһζ
ⲢԹС̶ͷֻС档
ݸ磬ţ뿪һ¡
ԼСæݸīطݣȻɿ
īطݶûüʲôȥͼûӰ
Ӻ󣬷Цеػˡ
īطۼط֣Сצץ˲ٺͨͨС
ȥժСˣīطʡ
ţطҲСԾȥժˡݸ磬Сǧǧֱԣ˵ġ
һضţһֻ̯Сצչʾպץ˲ʮʺС׽
īطĻɵЩæ˵ҼסˣԺԲҳûСˡ
ҪǷʱϹιˮĻᱻСġ
ԽĶȻҪעһЩݸ㿴ôСɣ
˵ţᶯһȽϴʯͷС׽ȥˣȻϴɾС֦ѾСѣһĨ˿÷ɫϡ
¶ǡãС׽һ˿ζںһ𣬱øˣһӾͰС̶С˳

һĨСһ̲סһ¿ˮԵѽȻζĵζƷ
īطݺҲţĿֱضŷѾĨĿ㿴ѾʮȲҪǵôζˡ
Գˣ
ڴĿ£С֦ɵĿӣСؼгһ硢۵⣬ݵīطݵǰ죬ݸ糢
īطݿ˿ͬȲԵķס˿ڸ֮һ£˵ȳ԰ɡ
ԭ룬Ϊ磬ʳǰҪǫһõġ
ԲŻὫݹƻȥ
û뵽С֦ѾܼˣֱôһƣСצͶһ£ͷԭŵİ⣬£Ȼֱص˵ϡ
ҵ⣡
ҽһСǱʹضǿڵϵ⡣
īطҲסˣҲֻһ룬ۼֿؽµԼ˽ȥ
ǡô¶ȺһӾϮζ١
óԣ
īطݾ׽ţͷϣĸһϸ
һԵķ𿴵Ŀɿڴݸ硭ոǿ鶼ڵ˰
ûû£ʯͷأʯͷǸɾġ
īط⣬Сţоʮֹ񫣡
Ҳû뵽İС羹Ȼôϲ⣬ϵĶ᲻˷ѡ
̲סæʣµһĨĿ˹ȥأݸԡ
ζĿīطݷ·ĴţһһȻֺ촽δؿŷ㡭
ҲĿевȥˣСצԼеʣһĿ˹ȥݸ磬ԣ
īط۾һæֽӹжѵ˵ãã
ѽ
QAQ
ʧȥɰҵġ
ΪϵĿʵ̫óˣīطһʣµһǽسģֳԵһ룬īطҪˡ
˳ŵϵһƬǽͻȻʲôƵá
𣺡ݸ磬ȥˡ
īطݣҪٿʱ仹硭
ʵôһڣʱˡ
룬ԱʯͷϷŵС׽Ҫٿɣȥǳԡ
īطݿһ۱ԼԵùͺͺǼӣЩ˼ˡ
һ㹻ʵģСζ̫ˣûסԼĿڸ֮
ãǾٿɡ
ţ
˵СϪȥˡ
ܿ죬һֶ˰ƴ
˿ǰŪīطݣܻòĬĬضһ
ǰһεľ飬һΣС̵Ķܿ콫ˣɢŨŨ̿ںζ
īطٴ̲סҪ֮ǰæ׼õİŽҶʵʵ϶¶ȻζҲƮˡ
īطݼСĽ̲סڸ֮ģɵöһ죬ãҳԱˡ
֪
Сؿ˵߻ؼңŽҶһ򿪣ݸ϶Ҫˡ
īطݣ
ôС𶼲ˣô죬Сǰûʲôˡ
ʵҲǷСīطݼԡ
ֻһӳ̫̫̫࣬ãȥͳԲҵЩʲˡˡ
Ҫ֪ڹĿɻǿأûҵӸ֮ǰ˰Сθ
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īط뵽СζңûĵζƷôζ棬ЩʳܱģԣƶضԷ˵ֻҪԹˣ϶ϲСζֻҪϲСһóȥ
óȥζǮˣ
۾һؼƻţͷɽȥٸһС˵أ
ֻ
īطݶ˶٣ɫɵСƱĵطûУֻСɽ㷢ˣҪôֲ𣿡
ţ
˵ͷЦ˵ǰҺͶ;Сɽ棬ȥѧպҾԼһ˽ɽȻⷢС
ԣСȡ֣
㡭ǣҲǡ
֪ôشˣСͳƣС׽Ҫôīطݽأ
ȷе˵Ҫô˽ͣ
ҡȡ֣
ӦͷƤشţزȥīطݵ۾
ͦõġ
īطݾãʵ̫ζʮСˡ
ԺǾôɣ
QAQԲС׽Сĸ֡
*
С𣡡
С̸ߵ·ڣɤغ˷һ
һ̧ͷͿԶվһߴӰ
𿴼ˣ۾һſǾͳߴӰ˷ܲѵС˹ȥ
үɵ

Լүû˵ͽ
ֻǸһ֣ŵϴһŨζζ٣鲻Խһ£ĿʶƳ˷ŵĶʣСõʲôóԵģôô㣿
ԣͷһСצŵİŽҶһãղ̫ܵ죬СİѰŽҶơ©ζˣ


11 Ҫж

үңԴ귽ʱƳҥԺҾ÷Լһ̥ǣ̫Եˡǣڷµʱר͹
ټ֮Һͷ˺ѣƴ߶Ҳżȥҿʱһôϲ𣬾ǰ˵ͣ÷ɵ
ԭǲôͬģǷ˵֤֤ͷʲô߰ҥԡ
ߣΪǰ޵ҥԣҶû˵æֹҥˡϸףƺҲûʲôֵģǻһ飬ԵһǵͷӦˡ
˸ϵڣү𣬸Щ㷽֣˳Щ
Ҿͳ˷Ψһ׽һԳ
֮׵Ѷô꣬ദţ˺Լ׵ͬȵλϣֻ߸
ҺͰݸɽŪõĿ㣬үɵҪ𣿡
ȻˣҲûҴţŽҶûҵȥ
ĻȼˣСޣȥɽСϪץ㿾ô㣬ǰʻ˰ɣ
ţС޾㿾㣬ҲҼƵãҲֻܿܳԵġ
Ųϣ
С˵ķ𲻷ˣߺҰԼ¡
Ȼ¾Ͳ˰ŽҶ¶ɢζĿ㡭
ͨͨʲôζôеǺеʳǣøŨһЩ̲סʳָ󶯡
үɵȱȳһ˵
קҵֱۣСצһ㣬͵ݵҵǰ
ĵҼңǺͨͨŨҲûһжأ
ҵǴˣıȽ϶࣬Ȼӹ˿㣬ζ̲סԣסˣɫʷīطݣԼԹˣ
Թѽ
ָָīطݣ˵ݸ绹һأ㿴СƤԲġ
īطô˵ŴŴ˵ѽǶˣܺóԵģҲԳһ
ҿǰ۵ƯСޣҲͷǰԵˣֻǼʱЩСԾ룬ǷͻСޣʲô֮ӣǲ֪ջǼҹСͯİɣ
Ȳīطݣ˵˶ˣҵɫÿæǳСޣôʲôҳأһжأ죬Ͻģȥҷƣ
˵꣬һѱ˷һֻǣīطݣͳмҵķ첽ȥ
īطݣ
˲һҪƨɵо
һС̾ͱൽ˷мңһߺȣһݵ壬æͷҩݶ˳ʣүʲôˣ
ҷС̣æСһɽϲ֪ժʲôСӳԣǳԻӡ
ŶŶ
ߣһԼİ볤룬ߵ˷īطݵǰ˿Сӵ۾ͣûʲôжӦغܣǣޣɶӶܸ忴𣿡
ܡ
ѰŽҶ򿪣ζֱӾ˷еıǻûס˵һ䣺㣡
ĩˣóһСݸ˷У˵ĨĺͨͨģС
нӹСһȵģûСӡ
ܿ죬ͽСһСڣڱţûǺζʳǣֲʳǡĶժģ
Сɽϰ
С汻ˣæ˵а壬ҺͰݸȥʱأǶûʲôĵط˵ҪǳĢжĻܿͻ᲻ġԣû˵Сûжɣ
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ѽаҪһ𣿡
æһݸ
ҪоҲţȻûоܾʷûС
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һԵһ£У㻹û˵޳Ƕûأ˵ˣ
дͷǲˣ͹ҰɣĥĥСӵֲ
ңզզأ
ͷ˿Сӡ
СҲһ޹ؿ
ҷˣٵȵȿɡ


12 ж

мſڡ
ҽתȦȦƵȥһ̾һֹǰҪȥ÷š
ʱһȥˡ
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ݸ磬ҪȻ͵͵ô
СīطݵĶ˵ٲؼң˾Ͳóˡ
īط˼һŵʣµ㣬鲻Խһĭ˵Ļүɵİɣ
⻰ؿһңϾɵҲ̫ݸ磬ŻôżģҪ͵͵ߣȷʵ̫á
룬ֱ˵Ҫؼҵ¡
ȻڴʱеļŴˡ
һĨӰشͷ˳ֱˮԡ
ֻǷǵͨ죬ɿҨʢͰˮԼ࣬껹ͣشڹ
УôˣСж
ۼ⣬Ǻ죬촽Ǻ׵ŵɫˣŤͷīطݣּ
ҲǱģŵˡ
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īطݾ͸ˣŷӣͺ񿴵ʳСԼһȡ
һԵȴڸżʷôˣҩϽȥù
иԼ˲ˮ󣬲Žǻθǻĸо嵭ȥһŶͷϵĺˮһҰ˰֣û£ûжǳ˵С޸Сˣ
ʵӵģ˿㣬ûķӣʵһ£ûСͳų˿㣬һʰ
ͷֱųԵ̬һССȻ󣬾⸱ģˡ
ԣôôҲô󵨣
ҲǱˣæʣСӵǺû󰭣
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
ҿŷһߺ۾ᣬһߺˮʱһĸӣŤʯϵС̡
еĻʹʯܵҵǰЦ˵үɵ˵ûүɵҪҪĿ㣿
ȻȷССûһԴǵѵ˷ֵĶǧˡ
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ҵ˵ͷС̲Ҫٺɽܺ󣬾뿪ˡ
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īطСקԼСһ󣬾͸Ĳӡ
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ףҪСʲôʡ
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ȻҲշСһץһӣһݸ˷
ϲصݹصллл壡
ؼȥɡɵĻС̿ɲɽͷҳԶˡ
ţ
Сһͷݸīطźһ߳˷еԺӡ
ĵòУһſ㣬һִӲӣԼţԵòֺ
ݸ˵öԣֻҪԹСˣĶϲϵģ
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13 УҲͬ

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ҪæԹӦ֪ѣ´β
˵꣬ŤͷīطƤСͷ˸
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15 Ѱ軵

Ű磬Ҹ̴ѣ̡
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ԽյĲˣҲûΪīط³Աĵ̫ĸı䡣
һˡһ̴ײˣһƵ˶ǡüһЩͳһӵĲˡ
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±ѵ⣬ҳԶ԰ѷҲ˳
Ȼ⻰СӵɫҲûֻ΢΢üСŮͨͨСǲϲʧЦԲôζûڷˡ

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һԵīط⻰Ҳ˼͵ôСǳԲĻҲ֪ô棬ĻӦҲ


17 һ


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ؿǿˣȴ·ĥ죬ҲĥȻ


18 Ϊʲô

ûĥʲôֻԼĥ͹ȥСˡ
룬ҪǿȪˮоСֲҲҪһʱģЩҲܣ÷ԼоȥãֻҪܺԼҵƬСؾˡ
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ͷȻﲻ࣬ҲϡټСӵ㲻϶áǱߵƹҲǮԼһҲ׬İǮɡ
һ㶼æصĻͼ߻Ҳֻ֣Ը첹
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ӣīطݹƶʱˣżζԭȼͷɽ亣ζ
֮ܶһīطݶ̲סĥЩӣҶ룬ӹ΢ԣһЩ
̾̾˵ҲΪʲôֻǵǰ˵Ҫ׬ܶǮǶԺóԵġڰǰ˵⻰ʱ򣬰Ҫ˵ģưﲻϣ׬Ǯһ
ʵԼҲûҪкܶǮֻҪǼҰᵽϣȻٶԾ㹻ˡ
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СϣջСЦеģ˵ģ
ԴѰ˺󣬼ٶٶҪһĲˣˣѻԼĥˣǵĲƷֱַ˺ü벻ҪСӲҪ̲סˡ
żһΣһ䣬Ҳ֪Сô
ڶ죬ѾͻʮǮȥһĵһ׷
ǣǼҳСӣȫԵ̵ͣòС
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ɻزУȻҲûŷ𣬲߶ˡ
⻰̲ס͵ЦĬĬ룬ιôȪˮ˵СˣСϵк˵ģŻûȪˮɷ˰ɡ
𡣡
ʱ㷽ɺͷ߳ŷ֡
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СںʹŮ˵һЩȽϺãСŮıܽæסıģһˤô죿ۣ
Сͷֺõ˵ˣˤˣаţҲ۵ģ
⻰˵ҾͷůЩΣʧЦԶԶԣ㲻ˣۡˣվãûεġ
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ĹԹվˣȻͰһ˫ƯĴ۾ҡ
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С˼ҲûҴˣҵĸ첲۵ɤȻˣҺþûˣѴҺͰݸһȥϺòã


19 

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һţͿ˷ܵеСһ˫۾·ʢǳؿߴٵݸЩϴǽҪȥСأ

⻰īطݲСѾСӵͬˣæ˵ͷ˵ţ֪ˡ
֮󣬷תƨƨߵسǵͷȥ
īطվſڴŹǷͷ֦ͯͷеĻ𿣬öѣЩҪȥϿ
ִֺģʱѾ׼ãС̳ˡ
ΪСŮһγţǲģֶ÷ܣҪīطݡ
īطȻҲĺӣױȷһЩҲͷҪõˣʲôҪܣȽܡ
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šˣҪŰ𡣡
á
һԵķԣˣ˵ƲҲСˣԹѺͰݸĻģ
СӣС飬ǧĸǡ㳤ˣװˡ
Ҳ׵İ
𲻴ֹţСĿжСӡ͸һǺüĽˣᶼһǰܶ飬ᶼϲ˵СӲöô࣬ȻͲ
û˵˼仰󣬾Ŀ˳š
Ӵӵϣ·ʵ㲻ϺԶⲻִͨݡ
ȥϣҪôҪôţ
ΪȷҪţѾȥʹŵĶӴкţӴһ·
ŵĶӽţ˸׳ԸˬʣҲ࣬ڷˬ졣ϸ﹤ԣÿţҪȥϣЩʱִӻԼҲ˳ЩῸ
ԭ޶ǴϳסģҲʡܡʵڷĲ¼ĸ׺ͼӣͲòͷˡ
ѴС̣ţڴڻˡ
ţ壬ţϺѽ
һ߽СغˣкѴӷӵݸţ򸾳ԡ
Цеؿŷ𣬾˼˼شһ˵Сԣͳһų𡣡
Ҵ˺öأĳ԰ɣ
󷽵úܣϲãԼ˲ӣţһЩ
ţֵãֱɰ
һЦǼĹﰡǸСǼЦˡ
СݣȻûӦҲõġǼҹү˵ĺӣʱסǼ
ְīطݽһ
ţ򸾿ŷ۵īطݣֲĵؿһСˣæһţˡ


20 ʦ

Ĵ嵽СϣţҲҪһʱܵǱߡ
һ·Ѻīطݵɫôá
Ψ𣬺Ƴ˷ܼһһ·ߴߴûˣӴţȥţһ·ˮ
ϣѺīطݶվˡ
һЦȻСѽ¶һʾţģÿҪС𵹰㲻ǵһţӡ
ؿڣЩƣ˵Сͱȱ޶ͷ㣬ӳ𣬾ûһСëСúܡţȻҲѲġ
һɫɷף²īط⻰۵ؿôţôģγûУ̫˼ˡ
ԭΪ֮ǰͷ¿Ѿ˵ˣţһ
ţǾֱˡĺʱ֣͡
ţţϱ󣬾Ͷ˵š
Ӧá
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ԣѱֵûˣæ˵úúãǰ㰢͵ׯӾʹȥмǱˣһˣ
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ԣæｫõƷ˹ȥϴ磬ûĻͽ˰ɡ
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ʦ
һԵķ⻰漫ˣǰ֪Լܺãȴû뵽õʦĳ̶ȣӦ൱˰ɣ
ʦһм๤أ
̲סҪʳڵĳ嶯ˡ
ûڣЦǺǵػϻƣǼС۲áֻллƹĺˣϴǼСתһǸ⡣
ϻҲǵһܵĴˣ̲ס¶ź֮ɫ̫ϧˡ
ȻܾˣϻҲûٶ˵ʲôһЩδɵƷѡ
ѽӹͬ˷ʹС߳ׯˡ
뿪ʱ򣬷̲סѣѣʦǺܺΪʲôﲻԸѽ
ϻƵӦǲֹһηѽ


21 ϵ

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СӼȻ幤ôãׯƹ룬ҪϹĻҪڷĴðɣ
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ټϴЩСѷ𵱹ޣ֮ģʵ뿪Ĵ嵽һõѡ
ѴȰЦЦŷͷ˵㰢ǸϲģСϲڹŮ죬֣Щ鼮ͷ飬͡ҪΪӣôᱻЩHƵò㶪أ
СӣǸȻпģҲȥƱ˵ˡ
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Сظīطݽ͵һݴʣһ˶Ϻ̬ȣЩõɮһӮںƽϣһСʲô飬沨ֻԼıģԼ飬
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ǴŸѸ˷٣겻ʮģɫƣ񲻴ãҲڽ棬ͬǸ߲˵ģ̯ǸˣһƤòУŸ˾ͰԼĲȥ˴룬кüͻŴ˵ģǺ
ԱȣѸ̯ϣ¶ĲˣҲżм·ǰʼǮˣԵø塣
÷Щ֣ͬʱһСƻҲγɡ
ߵ̯ǰŹѸｿεһ䣺̯ܲҰѽ


22 ˣ

Ѹ飬䲻һͯһͷһͿһϳźɫ̥ǣģοɰСŮޣգһ˫ƯĴ۾Ͱ͵
˭ҵСޣôųˣ
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˵ţʹԼС¶ͳͭ壬ݵѸǰ
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վһԵ̯ˣҲŵСǻŽζŨŨζȻ̼ûסһĭִҲ볢һڵĳ嶯
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̯⻰һԼĻȥˣӶǶǸСĺ棬̲סƵƵͷպʹòеģ̲סСֹһ䣺ûôó𣿡


23 ҼҰݸǣ

мѸѾһӲ˵λãùһСȥ
һɫǺͨͨСԵøעĿ
̯ӵ̯һЩ·Ŀ˿ˣ̲סһ䣬ͮͮСɶӣ
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ЩҲգ۵ͯغϣҼҵСֻҼұ֤ϲ˳ԹһξҰ˵ˣöǲܼģλ尢Ҫ볢һǮؼ˿׼ʧģ
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һվŵѸˣɫҲˣĵȻȳɫǹĲ˳ʺҪԵˣ
⵽ССǮҲǣ˼ңæס˷С˵ޣǮ㣬㻹ȥɡ
Ϊʲô
˵ļһɣйڡȥȫֱʣ˷϶ҲҪʹӵġ
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ţҪóˣСﶼȥ˰ɣ
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ɱҲģȴ䲻رһ䣬ʶػصûȥôˣ
ŶǾ˵Сûȥô֪ͷûСأ
ô˵㻹ȥˣطЩ˼ҶԵСˣɱð˻زмЦһ䡣
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˵ţŤͷһԵīطݣ˵ݸ磬ͬ˵˵طǣǲǺö˼ҶǼҵС
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ôֲĸо
ɶʱ˵ԼǴӴطǳˣ
СطҲûС
īطȻͨũСͯ·÷۵ʮֺÿƫվһСԵü֮һǴ˼Сӵ֣ȷʵЩŶȣǴӴطǳġ
ԣһĿⶼϣĴ𰸡
ݸ硣
īطݲ˵СקһӣźĴīطƤգ۾
īطüͷ΢΢һš˲˼
NСˣ


24 ȥ

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õҪĴ𰸣һӾӲ˲٣ɣʮ˵˵壬ֻټ֣ҵС˲ˣ˭˶Իϲϵģ
˵ţֶλȳҪСٸ˵ңСȻȾԲܳԻӵģЩСɶȪˮģ˵ԻӲˣԻܶಹάأ

ٸûȻȾ⼸ֵʲô˼˿ƿԵɣֿ˿ƶòеķȻЩԥǽͭ˳ȥҾȥԡ
ӹһͭ壬˵òˣллΣҿСĵһˣΪмҶСһǮһǮˡ
˵꣬ץĸС˹ȥ
ٸЦõؽӹŽԼĲ˶ЦҾͲˣҪǺóԣͷһġ
ΪŻؼСٸ뿪ˡ
ʣµˣȻЩûڶСҵġ
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ɤӺˣ˵һλٸ⣬Ҳˡ
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һԵīطݿŶżȰҪǻȥ⽳˰ɣӣܼС
Сޣ˵Ķԣ㻹ǸϽȥԶɡ
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ֻһӾͽСõĽ֭˸ϣһЩлͼææŴܻͷĲ̯
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Ҫ׿ڳʳζôҵСĺö


25 β

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һ뽽֭ĸ߻˲̯ӣݵѸǰ
Ѹôһ⽣ʶ˿ĭá
˵꣬Ӽһմ֭⽷ŽͷɲǼ䣬СŨͽ͵Լըζ٣̼̲סᡭ
һ߽ţһ߳ŷ磬һڣѸԭƵȾ˼ֱ죬ȴЩ񫣬ּų˺ü
״æŴ룬ż˵ٳˣٳԾͳ
⻰Ѹһȣ˼ط˿ӣ˵̫óˣе̲סСֻСĽǰԵʳǶһҲ̫θˣΪ飬θڶãԲ˶ٷ֭⽣ȴЩղܣ˻ԣôԲһ
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ʵԽԽ࣬ͽ͵֭⽣λ尢ȤȥǱ̯һ⽣֭Ұųԡ
ԭһǮСҶùڷȴҪôõ֭ǳ
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һȷҲģ˵ǣǼĹ˵ɶɶƭǲɣСɲô֭˳ԣ⣬;ɶϣη˳ˣҲɢЩڵĺ
Сβ
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Цһ˵ûɡģ
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۳ʵС˼һӾͻˣѵض˵ϴ㣬ɷͷСȫң
ȫҪ
ҲǱĻˣЩԥΪСװŵҪȥѾͷġ
˽͵ϴ㣬ǼҽпʳƹСպÿЩ²Ʒ
ʳǿʳƹ񣿡⻰Ҳˡ
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26 ң

Ҳû뵽Сܰ˿ʳƹλƹûӣæصҲңӻǻƹɡ
⻰ҲûǿֻĿȵضСӣһ䣺ϴ㣬Ը⽫Щ𣿡

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ô
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27 

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28 Ű

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29 Ҫ

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ЦеģҲóһӣԼīطһһ˵Ϻܺ棬ԺҪϣԶҪ鷳尢أ
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Ȼо֣ŷ𣬸æʰ޺һ֦ѾСطŵ˷ıϡ
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īطݣ
СΪ˱ⰤᣬҲƴ


30 ޵

Ȼʵ֤ǰǷˣʲôķӣ̹״ӿҲãҲãⲻһٷ
Ѻͽô淽˵һúݺݵشƨһ٣īطݾ淣淣ˡ

ҿź۾һķ𣬺ʣ֪ΪʲôҪ𣿡
ǲȥС𣿰СǮģΪʲôǵøǮȥأ޵üһһģરµֲȥƨɣôô
վһԵīطݶۼˣŵСѵ꣬Ҫô巽
ȻСɫСĻˡ
ǱⱦСŮЦˣų۵̫Ѩ˵ҺʱǮȥˣǸȥɣʲôʱ㵹ǰСˣ㰢ˣƭ㣬ŤͷȴȥС»أ»㻹Ҫƭң
ҡҲûҪƭġǰȥû˵ġҾţСˣǮʵ߰ҲöǮģʱҲԹϸõӡҲñ˵һ˴ôӲסǮˣҲǸˡá
ҭҭ˵ţЩ״Σ޵̫ˣ޳öˡ
һԿŶ۵òУæק˵СӣĹȻСҲʲôģֻһЩٱ̾šֻô˷㲻ͬ⣬ն࡭Сӣ㿴ĹҲǺģ̫õﶼó㡣
˵ţæ¶ŵǸһӵݸҡ
΢΢һ㶣֧ʱޱȸӣѻͷСŮɵý۾
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Сӣǲڵʲô
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ԣüͷһСˡĹȻϻۼ飬ҲǸģôҲû洳ʲôֻЩãûҪô
΢΢һ٣ҲҽЩСˣʵֻǡЩĻŰˡ
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˵ҵᶼ̲סµʲѵ˵ҲԼˣ⼸ӣÿϵһ⣡ΣҶҪǣһǸħһӣֻıΪ顣
ӼޣԸҲæԼСӰСӱģˣͬˡⱱطôԶЩôҵߣⶼȥʮˣʥҲͲԭһλˣЩ۸СӵˣҲжù
ţ֪
˵Щﻰźöˣ˵裬Ҳ֪ҳһЩȥûʲôıˡС飬ܲЩõĻҲǲԵġԭȲöѾͷȥʲôΪӣĲʺ·ȥʦ䣬ҲϣܰóһЩĲʲôǮȥɡ
ЩǮܰӹúһЩˣ˭᲻Ǯ
СŮԩˣ


31 ݸ

ͷѾ﷽ʰ׵ˡ
ڴϣɷ褰Լҩ۵۽УأһôҵСƨɶ˵ģ
Ťͷš
褺ܲ˵ѽҲǻáԭҾ˵ˣСҪͬ⣬ǵƭҺ㣬Ϊ˵˰ͬȥϵģ
ءҶ֪ˣܱܲ˵ˣ۰أһ
վһԵķɺôģ̲ס͵Цܿ죬۵ñȽ϶࣬æԴ˵㣬Сҩɡ
š
Ҳû˵Ͱҩ˷ɺȻߣ˵ȥݿ
ղŵӣǱòᡣ
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ѷչš
˯ǰƨĺ۰
ոʱ򣬿һ㶼ġ
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ţ
ȵ̧ͷѣﲻǲС𣿰ģ
СԴ㰢ˣ㰢ûСͬˡ

ʱ۷Ź⣬ϲѣô˵ȥˣ𣿡
ѵ˵ͷǰԣԺҲҪЩСˡȻΪЩȥʲôɲȥԭȥĵҪС𣿡
⻰͸˷ˣȥ֣
ȪˮСܳɹ
ʱ򣬺ͮͮһƬȫǮ
ȶȥˣǼҾС


32 

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š
ӦţӿϵĶԣһ˸ߵ
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ǣæó˺üߣһһʼﴮ
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ԵЦ㣬һ׮ġ
΢΢һ㶣ָָǹŵһСС
Ե˳ָķȥʱ۾һͷǣû뵽оȻôС
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ף
ƹӦúˬ죬Ƿ˵ɹɵҶǮ
һӡ
Ӱָͷһ¡
ƹ΢΢üͷֹһ䣬ƺԥܿ죬̧ͷˬضӵУǾͰ˵ļ۸ǽͷЩСҶˣ
ӼȻͷӦʱĵ׼òУûԵı¶æ˵ЩժģġƹҪĻһЩ̫ҪǴ㶼ɹˣʱƹٹûΣ


33 ط

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ڷ
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Сˣô˿ͻأ
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ǽĽ̻壬ǧҪչ¶Լ̫ĲͬҴŽӿռȪˮټҲС˵ĻҲûš
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34 

ܻͷ֮󣬾ʹӿռóһ̳ӡ
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ѽҵʱȥˣɲҳԵö࣡

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ţеģȻô֭ĶҲסƹأ
īطݼСŵЦݣɵͷ΢ɫȻСԽԽˣȻ񶼰ﲻʲôæ


35 ˩סС

򣬿ʳſڡ
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ԺĽӹǳĺɰûôˣԭȲ˵߰Сɹˣ˹Źȥ찡Сûɹأ
С˵ȲɹˡǼƹģͰ²˸ˣǰûȥСһһƹ²ãҸϽСװȥ

Ҳû뵽ƹ⾹ȻôãæС˽ݣһʣµİСװ𣬷ŵϡ
Ϊеԭ˯ķͱˡ
ҪǿҲæŰСڵϹ⿴СˣΪͷأ
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ϣҵĺù컹ûأǻûΣôԶȥʲô
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ţƲѣǰƹİ廹ӦңҪҳԷأҾȥСĲǺԶ㲻Ҫ𣿵ʱҾ͸һ
СЩһţĻλã˵ˣƹæأпк㣿ѽǹԹԵڼͷŰɡ
˵ţͰ
𲻰֣һҲ˯Ҹˡ
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еģƹĻƲǴ
Ҽζȥôһ˵ģҪǳȥҪһ죬Բˡ
룬ȻˣͰ㰢ݸ绽ѣ˴ЩǮһȥɡ
Сӣ
Ӳ⣬СôʹӦ¶أ
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Ȼ˨סֻ÷ſģȥ
ͷ˱ڣ֪ʲôпͷóˡ


36 ƹĵܵ

ϣװſԿͷЦ
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ʵǺ棬֪Сܻӭ̶ȡ
˳㿴ܲҵڶ
īطݿԾԾԵСģҲܲµ˼ʣãһֱС𣿡
ԴʼСˮƽ˵ֱˡ
ԭȴ²һ⣬Ѽ춼ȥڴЩԡ
ѷīطݳԵøԲһȦ
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ȥ֮أ
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СüͷҲ룬ȥ֮أ
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СǮҲΪ˵Ǯü˹ϸõӡ
ԣ뿪Ĵ壬ԶļƷ̺ͶЩˣŬĿ꣡
Ҳ֪ȥҪСԺ˵ɣ
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š
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ܿģС͸˽ͣЦ˵Ƴƹ׸硣Ϊһ˹£һ˹ܺ£źϻ￪ʳһǶʮֵ꣬ܵĹϵɺأǵε²ѽȫλƳĥģ


37 Ҳһ

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͸ˣһøһҪỵ

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ⱲӣѻûɥĲһų̂ߵС
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38 ݸ磬

Сצһָ㣬ݸԱߵīطݣݸ磬ԡ
š
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Ե˵𾢣ȴСצˣЩεСޣ˵¶㵹ǸӦ
ҧһָ㣬˵ͷ˵壬Ҫҿ㣬֭ҪǼƵһֽֽ֭֭׵䲻ģҪ򡣡
ô˵
Եֵؿƽ֭Ӱ𣿡
ûƽ֭֭Ҳɣֻǿڸûôãûô
ڣ
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ڶ¶ǣ͵һ֭ĿʳʱޡҸһ֭ǼҵĶƽ֭ϵģԳ÷ڲֿʮ궼ζ
ЦǿȪˮǵԼʣΪϣʳ
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39 Ұˣ

īطݵĻ˵ص˵ͷʣǰݸ磬֪ʥʲô𣿡
ϱӣһ𾫣˰ʶΪڵɽͷƫƧʽҲûͬ࣬һִżֱΣᣬ֪侹ȻȤ
ᣬݱ䣬ҲǺӾʱռġ
ԶԹŴΨһȽ̵ӡǣ²۹ķ⽨кУһ˾ȻȢöϱ
Щ˵㵵װӾ磬һǣһˣÿһţʹһϱö֮ﶼʮ߰˷С檣Ȼֵ趷ޣɷĳ谮
ʱ꣬Ҳһ²ЩŮɵģ֪ҪôŮ˶ȥһˣΪʲôֻȢһϱˣ
ţζ˵Ů˰ʱ򲢲ǲЩֻǳԵĳͷҰĻøѡ
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ԣôˣ
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ûʲôʣݸ磬˵ҰôòؼңԺ᲻СϱȻ۸Ұﰡ

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ķ壬ֱÿСʱ϶һ˼ģЩѾɻ˵ĸǣظɩɩû
ĵ̾һΪӾﶼôݵѽ
룬ʱսСȭͷĿ׵˵ûϵҪĴСϱ۸ҰҾͲȻԸһӶ
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ŵС˵ʦʦһȥˣ˵һ²ܻأСʦҵǼʱתš
˵꣬СӾͽŵݸ˷
µģû뵽㾹ȻôæǿԷżٻؼʦôͰأ
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Сͷţһתģ
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Сתء
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š
ƵӦһƲƲ죬νˣͼɡֲֻж˵Ļˡݸ磬ԺõĺѣҲҪˡ
īط⻰ָΣ֪СƢ˵ˣæãҲõѣҲŵġ
ϲСˣ޲춼Сһ
Ȼ
⻰źãһСͻָЦеؿīطݣСĴָ˵ǰݸ˵Ŷϵһ겻䣬˭ƭ˭С
ţ
īطݵͷСָͷסСָͷЦţһƭСġ
ⱲӶƭ㣡
ˣֵ֣
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ڴԭںСˣķۼؿͷŷīطݣһŽˣˣС˵ˣҪؼ̺ȥ
Сһ±ƣΪʲôͻȻҪؼңһ̧ͷȴ˷ӵӰ
Ӽ
ſŶȷ͸ڵš
һͼԼҹܻæסʣôߣ̸Ⱥúȵˮ
ܵӹˮһȻ͸װ˷һž˵̣Ҹڴڿͷиˣڳ˵Цģֱ󲮼ȥͰ˵ģͷҰˣ
һ⻰ʱɫ䣬ڵһվĿ¶׹⣺˵ʲôҾȻҰҰ˴


40 ëë

ϣ㿴ɣҵô˵ţǴϱСģȴأ
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꣬ˣܻȻĸұǼҴ͵ˣ
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ӾϹ۵Ļʮֶԣɫһתͷò˵ȥˡ
ֱ߳ȥһ߻ݵ˵ҴˣҪú
𷼼ˣСջͷȥȫǵſϷģ
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϶ȷС꣬зøεķ費ͬС۾ʨӱǣ˷ӡӳƣ˵һ²ؼ߸߹ģԼһۣǶּˣôЦǼʲôϵ
͡
ϱԼһۣô˵㿴ܵñʲô죡ҪǲϽȥŵ㣬ͷҲ˵̫ġ
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ΪҲԼдЩʲô
ôˣ
īطݼһҪӣĵҲһ㣬̴ٵЦһ£ǲԼϲ
𣺰ݸ˵QAQ


41 ģ

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밡һϺ⡭
š
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һ߽ʾ֭ţһһذ
һ߿īطձдּƯ͸һɶ˵ģɼҲеľͳȣʱ־Ľʣݸ磬ǲþõ
īطձʣһֽд˵ʮϣĻصѧ˺þã游ʱ򣬾ˡ
갡
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Ȼһطǩ벻ǩȻԼ⡣
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42 һһ


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һݽߣһԼš
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ңıӵ͵ӾȻ͵ˣϷҶ𣿣
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Ӽǰͽìͷָƿڴ;ҲԾҪ͵˺ӣôܻҶӳȥ̶ӣȻŪ䲻ԭСƺõģ֧Ҷӣıܹ͵ӣ
һͣžû֤ݣôֱѪˣɫˣ߬˫ȭΪջŭŷӣ̣û֤ݣҰףǿŸģ


43 Ҫץȥ

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44 ɣ

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ӱͲóܣƣҲǼе㽹ͷöˡ
ʱֿīطһԵķˣǻŵòУæȥŷ˵Ĺɱ㰢˵㲻Ұ֣Ƕһģ
ǡ𣿡
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ү֮Ĺųͻ𼱻ǸϹҪĹ˵ʲôĹǹޣʵǼСûѵģ˶ۣǰãߥŮǼҹǶѾߣţģ׮׮ȹүضҪˣ
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45 Ϳ

ʲô˼
ӿ˿Եֿ˿ӷšüɫѿʡ
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ӱһСôʱɫ࣬һ۷˵
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ôһ˵ҵҲˣĻݺһš
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Ӽ״û˻
Լɫֱ䣬ʺһҲе㲻ܣĵ׸Լдŵʳطôֵأ
طǲϷҵģ㲻ǣҲ취ǣ
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ӿѡӡҧģǹ˵һ
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ϱҲæת׷ĸȥˣ׷ߺţߣѲ˵ŰѰɣ֣


46 ﱣܰ

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۾һӾ˵ҵĻˣҲΪҪץȥˡ
ҺЦص˵ıӣôף
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ΪҲףӳڣû׵ôһ˵϶ġ
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ԵңҲ΢΢һ㶣ǷΪʲôô̭ˡ
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ԷҲ֪壬һҲǲԸġ
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СҲܲԸ˵СʱһΣܱˣ׸һԿţʲôҲ˵ǰȥֹͼװûһؼҾ͸ﰢ״˵ͷ˼Ҵܡ
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ҵ˵Сӣ
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һغ˺ŮԹԣ£ֻҪƱ֤ᱻκߡ
ף


47 ع˵

ѽ
ð˵ʮе
ϾİǼͷˡ
ôͰѻĿĸˣƱﱣܣ϶ȲﻹҪգ
ԣ𼸺ûаԥؾ͵ͷͬˣ¶ͳһĴƱԼ飬ҵ
Ҳ˵˵û뵽СŮɰôֱȫ
ȻҲضˣȻЦţСŮĶͷСԡ
ٺ١
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˰ݸ磬Ұﻹ˵Ǹ壬Լ飬ͶƱָ뷨͵ߵġѾƱﱣˣҪһ𣿡

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ţ㻵͵Ҳ͵ߣԸﱣˣ
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ӣһСӼεģҲֻĬĬذƱҲ˳ȥ˵ţǾһСӱܰɡ
ƱҲûãСõõĵطأ

һߣҡ
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գɵ΢΢üȲ˵飬һ¡Ǽǲʲô洫ʳط
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أ
аɣô֪ö˶˵˵ʲôζˣۿ
Ҳţ˵ԼϣдľһʳطԵӡ
ʲô
ӼһƨһӴӵϵŵؿԼӡ
ϱԼ˵ĻҲˣһ䷽Ȼӣ
찡ɱȰСѾͷͷҪǮ
һ΢ӻһĨƣ˵Ҳ㣬ǼûطУǲǰ˽Խ˴磬ְ֪Һܡ
ȻǮۿҲеǵأ˵ǲܡȻ磬ƫĸε¶ط˳СͷģǰǴ˼ң
룬ô˵ҶҪϸ̽һ£Եʲôط
Уȥ£
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48 ҹ

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ϱҡҡͷ˵ʱҾ͵Ǳ߹һȦͿһĶصĲݣʲôСӣ
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⻰ҲͲˣ߶߶ػջȥˡ
ʱ
С
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ܿܵ˷еļС
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вڣ
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ŤͷһۣЩǵҵ˵ǽʲôСĲˡҲû֪
˵⣬Ǳ˺þõĻû²һԷϱ˵ΪСģǵҵ˺Щӣòײڻ⼸ݣ˵ʲôúܽСֺͮͮСӣζʳһҳԹûҺˣ
ҶûɩӣһСҿ
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мҲ֣
ͮͮСӣһʳָôϸսζе̱ǣššüл˵ʲôûУ
ϱвڼң˵ģԳԣرʳǻҪϲ١
ȥﳴԡ

ϱ⻰һҲҳ
ɫжԣΪʲôҳԣȥøﳴˡ
ϱҲûĥ䣬С
Ӳ֪ӵʲôǿǺ˵㳴һ̲ˣ˷ǰܲʲôϹһ̲ˣҪ꣬ҿҪÿ
û˵Ӽһˣ˼ھ˳ɫ䣬æܳȥҨˮˡ
ӺͷϱŷӦôǿңҲŻˡ
ǰ֣˵˺ܶĻ߲ûһ˷мҡ
ˮܿͻˣҲˣȷʵǳõģֻζδҲ̫Щ
˼أҲתÿ죬һʱ뵽һӣǲǾСԵ
ǵԼϣط־ͽ֭
ѲɣЩСĽ֭
ôһ룬͸Ӱ಻ס̽һе˼ˣԷϱϽģҰʰھҪȥһˡ
ϱһ㶣ڣĻ˳ȥϵģ
ӼҪţҲƵòУ˵ȥ𣿼ʲô
øǶͣĿؿ˷ϱһۣȥ
ϱһ㤣æȥʰˡ
ܿģɫҴҵسţ´ûţɽ˳ȥϣҪҹϵȥͿɼ鵽ж༱ˡ


49 ߥް

βҼҡ
īطȥڴ庰ʹ
·ϾͰ緢鶼ǡ
褺ͷɺ꣬ɫѿģæС̻ؼң鿴ԼҰ
Ҹû˶Ƶãͷû޳
رǷɺû취ʧȥʲôҷ߷ߵ˵ǰᵽȥסɣ̫ˣ鶼
һԵķͷʮͬĻ˵ûǮˣ϶⵽ӵģʱᵽȥסͲٿǸ̵ɫˣҲٸ۸ˡ
΢΢üɫһվһԳĬĴŮҲôģ
һЩ̵Ҳһˣ֪Ȱǰֲ̫ԶҲҵǵģԲõģǰҰɡ
Ҵƺȷʵ˼⡣
ҲΪ˵ȷǷĴƫƧ˻ᵽ
СȻǴ򣬵Ҳһʲô»ֵ˾֪
ʹӦ˰ɣӦˣҵϣһԹԵȥѧãȥ飡Ȼÿؼңһ֣
ſҵϥš
ΪͷҲƴˡ
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ĿؿŮ˵֪ǵİͷôʮ궼ˣ̵ĵѣȥȥ޷ǾǼ£ﲻӣһֱ۸ġ
ǣˣŰ
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㰢ݸͬˣ
ǰ
ҲУ͸ҷˣҪʱá
ţ
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ſڣīطݾվţϲϲسôôˣ
ЦղŰƱҲﱣˣ˵ݸʲôʱҪãʱû

īطһߵͷһĵĬĬ룬Ͳһ룬ԴԼԺҲȥҪġ

գ΢΢ʳſڡ
һѶͷϵĺˮ̧ͷһǸ߸߹ҶԼſ𳤶ӵŽȥԷȺʱвһ
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ļһ£ŤͷͿһɫƵˣͷص
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˷˸ۣҶŶˣʵĲǷϻ𣿡
һ£Ҿǲ̫ףʳǰҲһ㣬ôôԷ
ٿϱʳ¥ԱȿʳֱöһֻӬɽȥˡ
ΪĲ˺£˵ֵܣô࣬ԼȥԳԿҸ㽲ʳһӼĲˣζǾˣ
˵ȵʱ򣬼۷ģ
һˣϴһ·ģɵƲƲ죬ЦһֵܣҿûʲôǮԷӣһ˳ҲȤһ𣿡
⻰ɫ΢䣬æЦ⣬Ҿ͹ˡ
պҲ໰ԷǮܲһ٣ײ䣡
˴󷽣Ĳӣõ˵СӵǰҲӲŤϲ㰡ֵܣĶķͷĹ£ֵҪǮ氡㣡
˳ǣæֵӣҪǮҲڷԲˡ
˴һۣҲǣãƽôࡣ
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һʰƣæŷĲӣǰͷĵС


50 һ֭

ֵܣЩˣȫǿʳ³ģ֭պһ
뷽Էӽ죬ȷ곤꣬ˬʵģʵʣ˵ڶķʱ֪˲Ǹദġ
ڣóԳԸúȺȣעƹһ֭ϣ
֭ɫƺСĩһЩĭûأţ̲ס
ţԳԲ֪ƭûƭ㡣
һƬպպ֭ŵ˷ͷ
Щ죬˴ֺӣǿ⣬طŽ
Ƭһ죬ζǻζ̲סϸʣһƬ˺þãȥ֮󣬲˵Լ˺üƬպ֭Եòֺ
Ϊʵ̫óˣȵڶھƵʱ򣬾ͷһƬѾһĭûʣˡ
ָųķЦôûƭɣ֭һӼˣ֪ʲôжˣ
ʱĵѾòˡ
Ϊ֪ζޱȵ֭ҼҺԵǩԼʳط
óԵĶȻֻ
ǣȻǸĿǳģ
һͷŲˣƵĹâ
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ɵվţζȷȻ󱳱͵һײŤͷͶһСܲͷؿĿ⡣
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СˣҲæȥˡ
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졣
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ΪȻʮС
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߳ʱͭ庰С˵ĿӲ˲١
֮ͣȥСԼĺѡ
ͬʱ
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һˣǶš
ԭԵƹǩԼ뿪ϡ
ӺһС鷽ӣҹ͵˷ҵԺһ辣ѹǽͷϵһɹɵС
졢ܣ
õССܵ÷ɿ죬һӾûӰ
ſڵ춯ʱͷҲûʲôˣҲûעǽͷŵСһ˸Ƿͼͷ˯ˡ


51 ҩǮ

Ӻͷӣ͵ɹɵС󣬾ûؼҲˡ
ڶ糿ȥԼȥʱ˾ͰСˣΪζʮ㣬ǳԵʹ죬ȴû뵽һӾͳԳ˳θΣ˻ؼҺͿʼӡ
һһ磬˶ˣɫҰѩ
ټϷֻûӺͷϱãæȥйӿ
һҩȥ֮󣬷ӺЩˣ˭ϷӵϾɱˣʷӺͷϱǼҹӣǼҺӳʲôˣȻһĶӡ
ʱķӱﱳһϢģҲŻ˷ӺͷϱæȥѸߵкҲӿһҩȥ֢״𽥼ᡣ
ϲģǵ÷Ӹ
Ҳ֪ô£ȥʷӣԥ˺ܾãµ˵ǳ˴ӷ͵ûĸɹӡ
ȻǸɹóһˣݺݴһ·ӵţʲôţ
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˵Ҳȫӣɩһӣﶼ֪ڸЩʲôĵﶼ˺öĹӣʲôСͮͮģˣ
ûôóСǿأǱ͵ƤʲôϲһһԣҾţǵǴɩҵˣҩǮ
⻰˵ǣֱ˵ϵĿˡ
ϼﱾǸóģϲģվͿֵػ߰˷첹ϴ׬Ǯոβͻ˿һӣǿüµĻ
һۣ۾ͬ˵˵ĶԣҪǴɩҳҲȥԣ¶ɩҵģҩǮ
ϱôϵһļϣָ˵һ䡣
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ȷʵ취
Ͷ˵Ǽȥҹģ϶ˣȥѺӵͺ岮һֹȥ
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ӱҲڴͷţȻͷ춯
ϱݵķ򳶿ɤһ󺰣ɩ飬㲻úó˵˵ҲˣǼ۵ҪĹһײǼǰҲģ
˵꣬ͨһ¹ڵ嵣ǰŷʿźҿĶӰΪľȲ㣬Ҳܸ㰢ֻһˡ
ϼ״ҲѧԼ޶
һԵǸϵòУһһغңͷ
ôˣ
úīطݶʹͷһŷϱϱźӸɥƵúޡ
ҲĲϷ
ҳȥţ
Ϊ㣬ʱܱȼܵҪ侲ࡣ
Ϊ˲ˣվŵļǴģﻹųͷ֮ĹߣҲǽŵæСܽݡ

ͷңȻҲͷ
Ůվʷ褣ôˣܵأ
ͷأǶʹͷͷţҪȥ˵
һյһһȺҪܵǼ͵ԣԻ˶ӾȻǣҪ˵ȥ˵
裬嶯
סӵ֣ɫ򶨵˵ô֣޷ҪЩҩǮȥûҪѿࡣ
Сӡ
ӻҪ˵ʲôȴһֹסˡ
ŤͷԷ褵褶ȥзУвڣǾȥڴС
ȻҪʲôһСųȥˡ
ɻؿңСӣ׼ʲô
Ȼҵô
˵ţеغһڲˮ˵ȥݣӽйлҪͬ˵
㶣ԽԼСӵҪʲôأ
ãȥ
Ӧţתͳš
Ҽ뿪˹ߵ˴齱ߣӴ³һľӡ


52 ͵

һ
ӾͱӴ˽
ղųʱҲͷЩ˵һû뵽ԺſھȻۼôˣﻹ
ŵΪҪɼܵģܽݵĲӾ͸һЩ
һžͺ˹ȥ
ұסֶԷɺīط֣ҲһЩ
ȷɺīط߹ȥҾͱӣΧһȦСͬ˵˼仰
ͷţ˺Ȼʱʱһͷͺ˵ңЩ˵Щʲô
һҾͰѶԺǵж˵ˡ
գգ۾Щɻ󣺡СǴɽϷȻûֵģΪʲôҪ˵ѣ
ȻʵǣСӽӿռóֵģʱûС׽ڶ֪ء
УҲڿ԰Ĵ½ڵĴطֻͽͽⷪóԶĵط˶õˣصóʲôˡ
찢˵Ǿ仰𣿡硯ǵϵõЩʲôô£
ҵ˼ԶϱһˣҪʲôҩǮǵͷϵǮˡ
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ڿ߿ˡ
һ⻰ҲˣԲһ˫Ưۣ˵ǵƱģ
ıӣЦǼС
𱻿䣬һ㶼ģƲôأӦôסҺͰݸƱǿҪȥõǮ
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ûбοšüͷһܲ˵ӡ
ҡͷʧЦԴ㿴㰢ݸ綼ôŰôֲأ
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꣬һĵ˵ҰȻģ
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Сӣˣ
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һ˺һۣ֣ʾǸųȥ
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Χһѱˣǰͷ޿޵ȥ˵ʲôҲˣҲŹСһ֮Ļ
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ϱϣĺһӱ죬Ťͷ˷
ϿˣҲͷһţʶر˻Ķӣؿ˷ϱһۡ
ϱǱ侲࣬Ϳ޿ظ߿¶Ҳ룬ҴɩҸֵģǼ˸ʲôСǼҹӺϼҵĺӳ˺󣬾һֱ۵òС
ҲãǸ˭֪ǼҵСǲʲôҶӱǲǵЩҩǮ

һ⻰ǰ˳ǣۿǲҪķϱɨһϡ
ϵ飬һֱͷҶĿ⡣
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Ȼͯǰͷһ߳һ߶Է˵壬ǷӺͷǼ͵ߵɹ˵С


53 һǮҲ

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ԣĿٴ˷ϱϣʹˣ
ϱŲʲô͵͵أ޺˵㿴ǼҹӶ۳ӣС͵ôˣҲΪǰǶǽͷҶӺŻȥõģҪǲ¶
ɵøҶӶ۳ˣҪʲôôǵҵĻҪôұŴɩҲףֻҵҩǮѡ
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׹ˣæ͵ǰ¶ôǼҵأҲ֪ģС޲£ö棬̲ס֪ôҪǼҺѾʱĶˡ
ϵĸҲ͵ǰ˵֤ģСڼſڹҸǲǹ˳ԻӵģǶˣ
û˵СӸǴĴ񶼲ϣֵúܲ죬ǹҶСȥ͵Ȼ˵İɣ
ǰҪΪֹǣָĺˣ

࣬ȫҪνĹġ
ⷽȻɵģĻܲףЩ˾˶ڣǮأ
Ҳû뵽ϱϵƤôԼҵС͵˱˼ҵĶ飬Ҫñ˼ҩǮ
Խ룬ɫԽѿתͷ˴ͷ߳ңʣСӣô¶
һЦ˵ȻӲСĳԻ˶ӣ֮ӦƲǡ
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Ҫܶʲôأף˵Ӧðѿ񵶷ڻõõĵطֻ˵쿳񵶵˶Ϊ˿񵶣Ļ˾Ͳÿɱˣ
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лһ£˵ҲһӣȻͨйк֢ǻͯҩòϱȽϾϸãԻѰ˵ҩ鷳һЩ


54 ؼʶ

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ϱ⻰ʱһһ
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ԭţϴô˹
Ҳ¼֣ó»СС»ˣȴû뵽ǿôӲĹͷôжв
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ɡǡ
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պüмĶػţֱҪСȥˡ
֮ǰīطݶԼĽͣ˵Ϊʲô˵С
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ЩǿģԲǰ귽뿪ڣģȽƫһӣȻҪԭǿһŮ챻ż۸ĺܣͬɷֺܶࡣ


55 ס˵

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ſڣŽнԶķɵúīطݸ̾ݸ磬Ǹ˰вүɵҲǺˣ
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ڴʮ꣬λЩ˽ġ
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56 㰢û

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57 ﺦ

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ΪӵеҲر΢ϡ٣һҵ壬ѾĴ
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СؽҵһС˳Ϊı֮һȪصףһСѨγɵ裬һˣһֱߣá
һŵҵĻǲŻ壬һߣĻǾͻһûشƮ˳

ҵĻǿ˿Լ壬ֿ˿𣬴㵵𡭡ôˣ
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취
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š
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ĻƬͷˣ
һҪذȥϵƬһɫ䣬æսС֣ôУ


58 ۵

ͻˡ
ңߵһરµ
۲ѣʣûİ취ˣ
ҡҡͷĿᶨؿ˵ģҲ۵ģ㲻õңǵһ°ƬŽʱۡ
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ˮ۴ǽɫƬʮָףγһʹοۻϡ
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ֹס۾æסС죬ѵֻ˵ˣʹһξ͹ˣﲻ뿴㾭ڶΡۣ͸ݺఢͷһ𣿡
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ҿ룬ҲеԼ̫ˣȻôӸŶ

Ҳûôʱ˷ѣԵһƬƬСֿ˿٣һ϶󣬾ǰذףŷ϶һС
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һӰۣȻ۵ûȥӣʱѾͬСĴָָ׸ǰСĽɫƬȻȾѪȴ㶼ûڵס⣬ۡ

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忪ʼǰһ̣λãȻƬ˽ȥѸٳԼС֡

ʹطһƵ̧ܵȥסԼĿڡ
״æǰסȻֻԼƣѪסǻһ룬˿ھۿɼٶȷɿţһͻָˡ
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ղŻ۵Գܣôһӣʲôоûˣ
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ЩţƬˡ
۾˲ѵգ˵Ժ󶼲Ϊļˣ
ˣƬð٣ܽػ࣡


59 ǵ

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60 ƭ

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ڣСȴ¶ûУǡˣ
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61 ˲

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겻ѣԻµĽʺҲû죡ôκôڵãúõǮĻȫˣ
ʲô
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62 һӼƷ

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ĻҲͣ˶Ťͷңɩˣ

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⻰΢΢һ٣е㾪ȵؿӣ衭ʱˡ

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63 ˸¸£

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64 

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⻰˵Ҳ٣Ϊᵱһμôɽġ


65 ̰ʶ

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游˵ˣ̵Ҫĵġ
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ȻҪѧȻҲҪزУɲɹ


66 £粻

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67 

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68 С˵

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69 ˣ

⻰ӳĬˡ
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70 ñץȥʣ

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¸ſֱӴɽϷڷϵĸǰ׺ݵĸ¸赲ŷȥ
ϱ¸˺ü£۵ɫˣһ߿ܡ
һֱīطݺͷסˣû·ߡ
ɫ΢䣬Զûдߵ飬һҧͻС޵Χܳȥ
ĵСޣסɣ
ǧ㣬Ҳû뵽𳶿ɤһô
ץ
¸£
׶ֱӳ쳤˹

ϱ¸͵òҽгƿīطܿȴȱرס˴ȣ֪ɵģһܣ
ĩˣīطһ𣬡ݸ磬ȥѴ˶˵ץˣ
ã
īطܳȥˡ
ϼԽԽԶｹزУűԼȵķҲͷ
ǲΪرΪͷ̫ˣֱһ죬ݺݵҧһڷϵĴȣ
һβҽгŷͷƿڴѾͷСҰ֣ȻҧңҲ㣡
ʵİƾô
¸ôԼϣ쳤Ӻݺݵһ·ϵֱۣ
ϱ͵þʹϮû£ֱѾʹ
Ƭ̣ǰͷĵƻҲӶ
ԶԶؾ˴Ǽһץȥ
ϿԶȺʱ˶Ӳסˣҡ
ˣҪˣ
ôҲû뵽ԼһֻδɵСϡ
رȵķ𣬼ֱƤҩһ
һͷҧĴȣ۵پͷˡ
ֻأޱȵؿȺ߹
ô£
Ϊ׵ǷŻѣһһɨͿ˱ŴȵŮˣǷӣϣ
Ҷˣɿҧϴȵ죬һѪȣŷ壬ҶٵǼҵأľ֤ݣǵˣ
ԣɫ΢䣬Ŀؿϣģ
ϿΧĴһΣʲô˵ȥ
Ҳû뵽ͻȻôһУΪĴȣҲֱӸŷϵ
ã
īطݼ״æȺ󣬰СضԷ˵壬Ҳ߲ˡﻹװˣŪȥأǴط˵ɷǺϸģӦ٣ùүץȥʣ
һҪʣûһϲιȥ


71 Լ͵Ǽ

ܱ٣ⶼᣡ
ͷӲȺߵ˷ĸǰ
Ҳһͷˮؿǣüǳô£ϸϸ˵
;ò̫
Ϊ˵岻ʲôˣ
϶нڽƱģ
ˣŤͷīطݣİݸа취Ը塣
īطݰĺ󱳣ѱϾҵͷãС˵ģһο϶ˡ
ţ
ս˫ȭضŷͿ߲ôƱ
ʹ˸ɫ
ǰȥҪѷϸӵϷ
Ϊ¸µţԷӷвĹ̬ŵ÷Ӷҿˡ
ҲװȥôԼΧ˵
Ӽÿϣջˣŷһ𣬡ѾͷʲôôףϽ߿ӵˣҪ﷽ҵѪ𣿡
һ±ơ
ʲô
͵װиˣ
ϱˣ
Ҳһ죬ѯʵؿŷ
žŻ˵ȥ̾һѽѾһˡ治ǳ͵˵ģǡǽˣ
ˣ
û˭ҹ˵ģⲻ˵Ϲ
Ȼ֪ƾһ㣬ԼϱԼ˵գǴһСǼҲˣǲ֪ôģһȥĶˣǼҵû㷴ӦҼżˣɶӡ
ƭˣ
һҶﶼ˶һ߰ǼҵСһ˵ֶͻٶ٣ٵǲΪֹ
ʱһΣ˵Ѿͷˡǿ׶ôܻǼҵأңҵһ
ôͲˣȫ˭֪ҶĻأռСˣǿˣǰЩӻŹȥҼҶҩǮأȫţǶûǼҪҩǮ󣬹ǼֵСأ
˵ţ۾Ѿ޳ˡ
ԣҲСѾͷ˵е
ɲȻﻹ˭ö˶˵ػȥСӼҵСأ
ҿ׾Ƿˣ
ҾòԡϿӵˣôܸɳֶͲ˶ﺢӵߣҿ沣ûʲô޵ģ˲·ɣ
۷׷š
īطȴˣԷ壬ҾҲ㹻ġǼҵĲ·֪СǮԶȥˣֵ˶ˣȻȥ˻취Ȱѱ˼ҵĲ·ˡ
⻰һڣСĴɫˡ
ŷһӣĿⲻ
Ҳû뵽¶ᱻһС̶ֳȣʱɫѿæ͵һС޶ʲôͷôҪС༸֣Ҳû갡ҼǻӣͿˡԼСֲҴɩҵȥ֡Լˣô͵أ
ǣҲҴӵĵأҲҴϱԼˣô͵أ˵Ѷϼ£ôҲԼ˵¶ɣ
æŶӵĻ˵š
ɫֳ˼֣һ۷īطС̣ȥǰҪôС
һīطݸϽȥ
īطݲ߳ȥͻˣ˵Сˡ
ĻȻͿεҺͷӴҰС·󻹸ҵŮޡ
ˣ˵˹ȥץǼСصˣǶ͵˻ϣڻǶװأ

ӡôһ޲Ҹطȥˣӵ˶
¶ҪûϴѵĻҪЦˡ
ԽԽģŷϵĿҲ˼ҪСģ¶мڵãС޴˸ţ
͵ҪǶҪץȥүģ
СŮĻؿһվͷķԼ¸¶ŵģڵװķϣɵЦһ£ԷϵشСѾһҵ£ԾԵü
ͷǼСرˣǲòƹһ¸⣬ֵҲ԰һļֳСǰǣСƷʱǼֳ޼ǵļ۸񡣡


72 Ϊ

⻰ͿʼˣСӣӶǴͷģôֳĻǼҵĲһأ
ǰ㲻ǼٵӰɣ
ҿ񣡳ҵĸҵһܿ쳤֮⣬Ǽֵģڶû
ǻ˵ȥмҿֵСǸͷҲûСӼҳĴСһȦأ
һ۷׷ԼõǼˡ
˵˵ǼСӵĺģ
ӺܲһڣܲиͷͷСأַһѣô͹ֵҼСӵͷˣ
ǣ
һ
ʱϬ뵽ͬһȥæ˵СǴⷪϡǼҸӣѾ御طˡôֲܰСֺãԼҪȥĥ飡
ѲɻǰֺСؾҲ˵ˣǿԼĥˣλ岮ᶼ벻Ͷ˰ɣ
汲ʵũȻãֻڷܸԵĵ
ҲֲͶɵͷ
ʱôһ˵
С˼ǡֲǼСҲǰ֣ȥ
ǰ㲻ֵģСܲɣֻҪСġ
Ҳҵô롣
飬𶼲ҴƱġ
С֮ԳôãȫΪȪˮ
ҲûŻشĻǼԷ˵ԭҺ뽫СؾߴңôһСܶƹĻҪࡣ
ȴûȳֻٻǼСص¡Ҳǲ沷ϣ֮ҲǴڵ˲Ŷԡ¶ʵǺģŴȴԡ
⻰;Խԡ
Ҫ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ίˣأСҲˡӽС¶ǼҲᡣ
仰˵ǰ֣ǼұǸֲȥˣֲֵóֺܲãɱǼңǲ¶ˡ
ԣɫ΢΢һ䣬ҵãȷʵ㲻ɡ
ҴͲɣҶǼҲҲһյˡ˿߲ܱ赭дԼ£Լ͵Ͳ
΢Ӽɨ˷ӺͷЦǲԼˣҺĺŴһֺСȴңˡҲˣȲˡźǣŹԼСӰɡ
Сλ衯͡衯衯ڵͷɡ
˵꣬ҾͶԷīط֣𡢰ݣؼȥ
еµģʲô
ֻǷ֣ԭŵĴǣʱѾûһ˿ˣǷɫżؿ˵ʲôֲ˵ڵӡ
ʵȻָĲ̫һΪɶȻеˬأ
Ȼ𲻶īطȴˡ
СһƣΪ
Ҵźˣͷŷϵĸ¸¼ˣҲæӶų򣬷ɿ׷ȥ
ͷ
һҽнԶıӰɫҲԽɨ˻ΧĴǡ
ǶҾ಻Ҳû˵һӵлֲԼģǵһŲŲĸ˼ңСôϡԼĥַŸߴôҲֺС
ɿĶЩʲô¶ֳСظ˲˵˽أǼٵС֡
˵⻰ʱֺݺݵص˷ͷһۡ
ҲɫѿΪһ˼
Сûô򵥵ġ
һΣȻ̫嶯żˡ
ӦõһξֹϻƬصġ
˺֣͸Խ룬Խûеˡ
ѲҪԼĥСַĥϼ£
ɲʱ˷ͷ
¶ҲܲˣԼɡ
˵꣬һ֣תˡ
ô־磬ʵ˵ȷʵûϵΪСúõأҵ̣Ҳ˼˼ΪĿҲܼ򵥣ô
ߴСҲֵģֺãÿң
ԼƬð̼С磬ҲɵңҺԼûҸˣǮĴƣҪˡ
ķһңùأ


73 ͷ

⡢⡭
Ӽô˦ˣҲǾˡ
æ򷽴զ
һۻڵװεķϣ˵ȰŪؼȥ
аɡ
ĸӶ˵ţҲΧˣǰȥϾһء
Ĵһһš
˵ʲô˼ѲûǵСֲˣ
ҿǾſɣ˵
ǰһϽɢ˰ɣٲȥ˯ţɾˡ
ʱ˼죬޲ŷҵС硣
ҿɷˣ˭Ҫþߣðײð
ûȥҲԳԼֵк
˼ĴԣϴҶؼͷȥˣʵ°ҹв͵͵۷Сġ
΢΢ʱ򣬷ԭֵðС磬ѾڿˣҲһƬң̣òС
һߡ
ؼҺҲû˵Ļ
÷īطݸϽȥ˯
Сص飬Ҫ˯¶
Ҫ˵ĻѽѺòֳСְ֣׷һѪ𣿡
ԣЦҸ߰ССɽϷֵģ
ôһʣһ¡
ɶӣ
ôͻȻôʣ¶
Ҽһ㵣Сܵģ֪ԼĲ²ǶԵˡ
СŮı¶УС˳ҲԸŪġ
СɽСϡŮôܻû
ߣգвٵĴС
ΨҵСǳǺǼҽӽġ
˵СŮûȥ˷תơ
ⲻòһ²⣬ССŮģСŮҲ϶֪Сֲ
ԽŻ˵һ
ȻҲҪСŮˡ
ô³ѽ
òУҵĻʡ
СӣЦɵӣЩ飬ˣȻԲ²⣬ڰȴһΪΪ˾ȰѾԼСܱ¶ڰǰˡ
͡Ϊ
Ҳû뵽硣
ԭΪԼСܶصúúõġ
ȴû뵽ͱ¶ꡣ
֪ĶɴҲˣͽ˵µúöԣЩСȷʵСɽԼģֵСɽϵģڴҿһʱͲġ
ݵ飬˵Ѿ׵ˡ
Ҫִٰĩʲôĸһ˵ǸԽܰɡ
ȻСŮ˼Ҳǿ͵֪Сͬйأﲻʣһ㣬ɷӦ
ĵ㰡
ĿƵؿʡ
ҵҪЩϡϡ£ͬ顣çײΪ鷢öˣܻ˲¼ɡϾ䣬Ȱ˿Ǻܶġ㱩¶Խ࣬ͻԽԼΣ֮С
׵ص˵ͷǰʦҲô̹ģİɡֲɵᱩ¶Լģ
Ҳ΢һ㣬ĶͷͺãǾͿЩ˯ɡС¶ģзӡ
ã
ţﶼô˵ˣֻܵ쿴ˡ
ֻһ˯ѣûص飬ȷһ£
īطݹˡ
˯Ѻīطݻûѣȥƿһ˯ڴϵﻹ۵СͯİС磬Ѿһ߸ĳ˹֣
ݸ磡
ŵòУæīطݡ
īطԵɵɵ۾
𼱴ٵĺоԼģ϶ر۾ҲüѵزпһϸͣɤӸƵʣãҡҺˡ
ܣһˣţʵ̲ס˯ȥġ
Ѿ׳ͷīطݣҲż۵òУݸҶҲǹˣôȥй㿴
š
īطݺŬ۾Ҫȥ
Ϊ۾Ҳˣٴ۾߷ΧҲСˣֻܿһ
ѡ˷Թڴϵй
ӵ˵£Ҳˡ
ɺҲīطݣſڵͷЩҧģ
Ƕ඾Żһ۵Сͯͷģ
ҪĿˣ
⻰ʱεòУīطû׵ڵݸ磬ҵĴ֪ҾͲȥˣƽû͵ͷҵĴ
ͷīطݣ
ãھڣܲܡͷ
ʲôһ֣͸оһۡ


74 ûУûв

˺󣬸īطݿҩӺͿĨҩࡣ
ҩƺǺֹŪīطݻ̲סȥץӺ׵
Լץˡ
ʹӽӿռҨ˵Ȫˮҩ
īطݹȻˡ
ϵĺȴһʱȥŻҪ졣
īطԼνġ
ƫƫÿοʱ򣬶һʹģСİһǵڣҲĪ˻᲻ӰԼֵʲôۼǲǾÿˣ
ǣīطҲɵ
仯Ϊǲܣ鲻ã͹ĵض˼䣬ǲˣҪҪٲҩ֮ġ
īط˵ãȻ˼ء
ֱһСкĳ֣ñ͵µīطݳû˰ȫС
ԭڷֳ߲
Ҿȥڴ˷ĸɵүڸڴĶֲС
ˣûܡ
īطأΪϹܵԵʣֻڼͷܸŷҲ֪ͷô
ֱһ޼ƯСк˵ЦؽԺӡ
īطվſڿһĻ̬ʱͱˣ˵һ䣬ת͹˷š
ܵô죬ΪΪţ˼ˣأ
ǾͶԵƯСк˵ӰܵܣղǸҸİݸ磬ݸе㲻Բܳкˣˣٴһȥ档
СкͷͰ͵ǰ㣬´ʱ¸𣿡
ĿȵĹâŷվŵĴ׶졣
׶ƺĻмͷһʾ˲⡣
һŴ׶ͷһ߶ӰҲÿ¸ԸԸ⣬¸»ԸҲûð취ҧ˿ˡ
ðɡ
СкŴ׶죬ʧģ
֮󣬷ͷҴкҽԼһС˹ȥǲүɵҪ֭Ҫúˣˡ
áǰ㣬ҾȻȥˡ
ţȥɡ
͵ſڡ
īط͵͵Ŵһ죬۾űС뿪ƯСк
ĵ׵ζ͸ˡ
ΪͰһ֭
þȻôһ֭͸ıˡ
īطԽԽѹѾʧȥȫеˣãԼڰĿеĵλܻᱻǸкȡ
Է˽⣬ΪԷúÿ϶ûġ
ߵߵ
˼ʱ
һͬĻзŴĺݸ磬һſҽȥ
īطݣ
ﲻţ̲סȥŴˡ
𿴵ɫ񲻴ãæʣݸﲻ𣿡
û
ΪʲôɫõӣҪͲʶˣݸ˯
Ҳš
īطȴһ壬˵УûԽ㻹Ҫʶ֡ɡ
Ŷðɡ
ȷʵҪӿΡģɼīطݶˣŽʶ֣ʱЩж
ԼҪǡӿΡĻݸ϶ѹİɣ
ûܾԹԵظͷ
ֻܾýīطֵֹģԭϲȻڴϿ伮ģԶһ£˵°ѹȾ
𣺣
ݸ磬ôԶҸղ˵Ǹ֣ôд㲻дô±ʡ
ҩ伮漸Ƿ֣ҲǷѧϰʧȥµҪԭ֮һ̫ˣЩȻ⿴žͷˣԼȥдܼסһмʻ㲻ˡ
īطԣššüͷ˵ǽͲѧˡ
ţ
Ȼת̬ȸŪˡ
Īýİݸ֣еӣ
Ϊʲôѽ
Ƽˣ̲סСצ˴īطݵĸ첲Сʣݸ磬ǲǲ˰
ûУʲôɲ˵ģ
ô˵īطݵѾһתŷˡ
Եġǲˣ
𣺡
ݸ磬֪֪컹Ҫʵء
Ȼ֪īطΪʲôҪãԼӦúһ塣
˹ȥſļϣԴīطǷ׵ĲŴ˵ݸ磬ǲʲôĵ飿˵һ취


75 ǰ

īطɤڶ𣬵ͷ˴꣬ʲô˵
Ŷżӣ˵˵ݸ磿ٲ˵ҿɾҪˣ
ǵģСôܺƢأ
ʲôܺúõ˵
ҡ
īط˵ҪĻҲһӻˣæתͷɫԥ죬˵Ļֲ֪ô˵ڡ
ֻٴεͷ߬С֣СãұˣǲǾͲϲˣ
ɶ
⻰ŪһͷˮΪʲôˣҾͲϲˣ
ڴϣֻСצīطݻһףǰѾȥٵҿ˵ݸ±֮󣬰ͲҪ𣿡
īطݴӦһһ¡
ݸ㿴ۣҵϵ̥ǣ
īطĻ̧ĿǸǰ۵ĺɫ̥ϡ
գգ۾ݸ磬ҳ𣿡
󡣡
īطûаɵĻش
ݸƭˣʵҶ֪ģ˶ҳ˹֣Ϊ̥ǡöһμҵСѣᱻŵȻ˵ҳģֻаݸûУͷβҺܺÿ
˵ţЦԣܰݸʲôӣҶġԶΪݸˣͲϲأ
桢𣿡
Ȼģϵһ겻ɡ
īطݵ֣ȻסСĴָ˵ֻҪݸϲǰҲһֱϲݸġܰݸÿҲãÿҲãı䣡
īطݿ˹ŵСĴָоĵůȣһӾͱοˡ
ԭ±ΣҲ˲ĵһҲǣһֱϲõġ
ţһҪһӶѡ
á
īطɫָ糣һù伮ǰݸ磬ǻʶ𣿡
ţҽôд
ѽ
ͽСؿʼʶˡ
һʶְ֣ѽӰīط˵ˡ
ԭӰȥҼģҵӱĳǹġ
Ҫ֭Ӱһˡ
īطԵɣ˵һ䣺ӰܵҲúܺÿ
ٺÿҲûаݸÿ
˵о仰ô˵ţǰ
ǰں󡣡
ԶԶԣ仰ӰܵȻܿɰҲûоȰݸÿݸĿлŵһλСͯ
ôֱ׵Ŀޣīطݵһȣ˼̧ͷˣĵȴ̵òС
áڰĵ׵λûǵһ

һΰֹȥˡ
Դǰץ¼
Ĵǰ缦һӣҲûͷߴﹾ˵ҵлˡ
ͬʱӵ飬Ҳ䡣
ѧյʦҲԶѧҲԶλû㲻Щƾɣһûѵʱܰȥˡ
ţ˿𣿼Ǯ̸ˣ
ţٹ£ǴŮ褼ǵӣӦø֮ǰȥ
˵ֻޡ
˵ţɫǱȽ죺ԺӶסҲܳסܱڷĴҪЩү˵ˣȥСϣҲЩСҲ¡
ţǿС
Ҷ԰ȥסҲûôҪ
ȥǴŲŲģֻҪ徻Щͺˡ
ȻֻҪⷽĴ壬ûô徻ġ
ͣ˴£ͷֿʼˡ
ԭЩСģͷģ˴ҲҵģаСȶˣ
Щ˲ǰ˵ĻСôֻӵġ
ǣǲ˼ȥңȫȥɧŷѯʵôֳġ
֪ôֳģ
˵ûֱˣº󽽽ˮԼˣûʲôӡ
ô˵ָ˽أԶ̬Ҳ
ҲǱòˣƢһɴԼСҲȫˣ»ûʲôӣҼҵѾͷΧת֮⣬ɶӣɶҲȥңһҪɣôףԼȥ
Ϊѵ¶ҪҲ÷ͬС˵˵ͣСҶֳǽԴϲ
ǰǵһ֮ǹϵǿ⣬̯ܲӲ˰ɣҪôؿֲС𣿡


76 ˭Ҳ

ǡ
ԼҲû뵽Щ˻ô޳ܡ
Լңͷͷ
ʱɫһ׼ȴһԵס˼ͷ۶Ϊ˵䡣

Ťͷؿĸס
ףް߰ףȴɾӣţŤͷЩµĴĪ¶Ǽ۶뷨ӴģֻǴΧֳʲô⣬綼ȻؼͷϢ
⻰Ƕ㿴ңҿ㣬ÿ˵϶ɣǲ뿪ӡ
ż״еһӣҲ˵һһ¡Ǽ۶Ȼһ֮ҲֻǣСͷʲôƽСӱƵüˣǴûúôǰɣ
ЩµĴʵҲǱģԭر򵥡
󲿷֪Сϡܵȥ֤ʵˡ
¹ȥˣۼŷͱһ˼ҶСֻˣдУӶԶˡԼҵȴǰ㶯ûУȵʱҲֻ۲СǮˡ
仰˵̰Ĺ
һ߲ΪȥǸһҪֳСķӡ˼ȥҲ÷һ֮ͷˡ
Ϊ֮⣬Ҳûķˡ
ҪǷ飬Ǿͼֵ֣峤λöȥΪֹ
źЩµĿģҲףԼ۶֮λȣ̫ڴϣͺ׵ˡŲòһѡ
˵Ҳ鷳ˡ
ȺǾģóŻ˼ѡһ
ԣҲ÷˵мֵټ淽Ӧ飬Ҳٲƣɢȥ
һߣһأͼòУ¶ôҴӦأ֪Ѿί󻪵ˡڻҪȥֻСķӣⲻǵôҿҲܶԲ󻪰ܣ
ſ֮ɫĶӣ̾һ۶ĪԼݣһ֮£ίҲôĿŵƫ̻𣿷Ҳͷˡ

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ﲢ˼ǸŮӣ֪ʹ󻪹ϵãȻҲΪ㡣ģм˻ǵһȥңҪδ顣
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ҲһͷΪϴΣѾ̬ȡȥҲǰһ˶ѡ
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Ͼδһӹ¶ĸģѾѿˡ
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ûӣֻðĻȥˡ
ղŴֵ׵Ƿţͷֵܡ
ҵ˺󣬾һ䣺ǿСֳ
ţǿǮϡȻ룬뵽СӰǵˣ
ǰǰһ˰ɣ
ֵܵĻһ˵Ҳ֪ǮϡСƾʲôҪأǸɶӺôˣ
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ţ
ɡҼ˵ƾɶ㣬ȴˣ˵СҪôһֵ𣿡
ǰܲһǮɣҲôԵġ
ֵܵĻ챻ѪˣһҲûˣҲ벻ǵﵽʲôԻ·ֱǰȢ˰ɣ
ȻǶô룬Ҳ޻˵мһûӵҪ̹ˣһȥҼСȫˣ˭Ҳ֣ûô¶ˡ
ţͷ⻰ɫҲ΢΢һ䣬ֻҪСķӣûҪôƹˤͷ˭ͷֲ˺ô
ǣҲ˵ˣ͹ԹԵظڷͷȥҼҡ
ңǵĵҲ׼


77 ûʲô뷨

߽Ժӵʱ
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ǷоĽֲҪһֱȪˮֻҪ֮ǰСѷŵȪˮݣд߷ˡ
¶ҲֻͰ֪īطҲֻΪݵͨˮ
Сʲôأ
ȿ˷īطݣ̲סЦһ䡣
īطݶһۣվľͰסˡ
Цеؿͯ˵ûʲôѽҰ㣿
˵ţСѾͷĿ⻹۸ķţͷ
εЦЦǵģ㰢ͷ
ڵģҴȥ
վݵķߡ
īطݻľͰǰ˸˷ʱŤͷȥͰӣľͰˡ
ֻǲɣһĻعͷķţͷֵܶһۣ治ѵضľͰʡ
īطûᣬͰľͰͷڸ¸˯ԱߣԸ¸ǺҪģҪڣˣͱɿ죡
¸£
׶⻰ŵýһæſǶԴ򱧽ľͰȻԱߣڳһɷģ
īطݼˣתȥݡ

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еסһڲ裬Ϳ˿ڣãҲûƤʲôֻΪһ֮òм˵͵ˡţͷҪСֳҲףСķӲܰҪõģ֪Ǹʲô뷨
ҵЦЦЩ֮ǰͷҲѾ˵ˡȻҲж뷨
ǣôû뷨أ
ţЩżˣãǵĲԣҺͬǸԲסˣֻҪԸСķӸǣʲôҪǶǻӦģ
ǰãǿɲǶһ̰ˡھӵģǮһֻҪͬǷӣڷĴ壬϶Ϊǹ¶ĸģ
ƤЦظţ˵Ļȴһ˿֮⡣
޷Ǿʶ㣬ӣڷĴ壬Ҫѹˡ

⻰üͷšһ£ɫ̫õص˷һۡ
߲ҪҪƤһѵβ⡮СɫʲôĵǸ˼
ʱһͷۣæҿȥΪᷢŭȴЦеģƸⷽ˼
վҵߣĻˣ°ͣ˷һ䣺壬˼ǣֻҪǰķӸǣǾڷĴ尲ȵסȥĻǾסȥˣ
Ҳû뵽һС޾ȻᶥԼ죬ʱɫһͺһ䣺С޶ʲôĪҪ֡
ۣ
ܵţһͷ˽ҵĻصؿ˵ףĴ嶼סˣǾͰ߰ɣԶԶģ
ţԣûµġ
һ߰ŷһĿ΢ؿ˵ҲˣⷽĴǹ¶ĸסȥˡպڣǰ֪ͬһɣǾҪ뷽Ĵ塣Դ˭ֵóСֲСûʲôϵˡ
ʲôĴ壿
ˣʱסˣһվؿңãö˶˵ô˵Ͱ᣿ֵܻûأҪǿĸŮҪżģ
Ǻö˶˵ģȻᡣ壬ڲǡö˶˵ءҪҰǷĴĴһѾݲˣ
۾̧ͷίѵؿŷһߵһ˵ô׵ӣٿҶ͵Сص顭Ǵڱ뿪𣿡
⡭
ɫѿ
ţͷɫҲòȥ
ѾԸɿڸСķˣҪˣǸӱҪ
ʱһ˷۱
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ţǱȵܵһ㣬Խأæݺݵص׵ܵһۣ˵ҾһĵȰʹϽ˵Ǹ
Ȼܲˬǿ˿ڣãҸ˵ģû˼ɱϡ
ұСŮϾؿֵһһ͡
ҲҪȰá
ҵһЦҲΪѷ˵ףҲҪͷСӰˣڲڷĴ޹أңҪġСķҲܻǿ԰Լֵǣֳ֤һС

ţͷ⻰סˡ


78 ǵԸ

ûʼǮأҪȻǮˣ˭ɣ
ԣţͷ꣬ɫ
ҵ˼ӵǲһ䣺ѣִ
ʮӣ
ʲô
ţΪԼˣ𾪲ŵضңθŭǮ
ô˵Ǯأ
̧ͷǷţۣ˵ԸǮԸĥôֳͺǼҵķӣǼԸģȥġ
ʵԼЩ֣ռСȪˮĻĺͨСû𣬻仰˵Сֲǻûʱ
Ȫˮͻᰴս˶ƣӸͷϣ᲻һ
Ȫˮ˿ռֵָƷû𣬸ͷһϣսֶࡣ
оˣЩһСȥֵĻȪˮͻ֣ͨͷСҲ᲻
ԣͰҲоһ£һСûӱģؼǣҪֵĺʹҵĲһֻǲгռоԵơ
ʲôʮӵѣҪĿȰ˴
Ͼʮӣͨһ߿ˣ˶ѡʡ޿ѵġ
ҲƷʨӴ󿪿ڵ˼ԷţͷҾС˵ĻǲҲܰõüҵĶֲǷǵġ
Цһ˷һۣȻˣȰǮ˰ǶʮӣǮ
ɫ΢䣬Ȼ
á
ЦеضԷܰУչĸãԭȸӣ͵Ǹлˡطϡ
⻰һڣһ£Щ˼
ţͷɫ˵Ǹʺһˡ
Ϊ⻰˼ֵҲûǹ¶ĸһЩգô˼ȥҪЩѣ
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Щ˭ϡ־ȥ֣
ŭ˦һ仰ͷҲصؿ粽˳ȥ
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ʵ˵ûˡ
Щ꣬軹ڵʱЩҲΪݵԵʣͬ˵ʱһĸо˼á
֮뿪ˡһԵɣЩʮ⣬Ѿ޸裬ΪӣҲŲ¶ݵĽ٣ڵڶԵɣȻĸˡ
ԣͷͷһִĴĴǿ֡ͼӴ׵ܱ˵͵Ҫࡣ
㲻Ⱥܰ˵ñѻҪڡ
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УҾȻȥˡ
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ԵտʼϢʱɫãҲֲһȥСǱҲðһЩأҪĻҲС
æл˵ҪٶһļϣԵĶء
ӻؼҺ˻ˣֱͬҵСӣ˼գպ󣬾Ǩ¾ӵĺӣ
ҵȻˣǾҪǰ׼һˡ
ΰңҪӷĴᵽСȥϸҵҲв٣ţţá
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Ȩ
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ûʲôڴͷǼҺˣǲǺܸˣߣҪҰͲأǶϡǴһһ


79 

ԣ˹ֹԶԶģҲˣ
ǣǲŲҪ޴һء
ɣ˹֣
ڴԵСһ
𲻸ʾ˻ȥ˵úԼöÿһƵãҾ㳤̥ǣҲǶÿǲǳ˹֣ĺڵòеĻǣ
죡ģ
žડ
ȻһСкͼʯͷϵķ˹
㲻ҵؿڣ΢΢һۣˣǿʯͷ׼سкȥ

СкһҽУ̧ͷʱѪҶˣڵϡ

ѪʱܻȥҪСѾͷƬӣȻҴҶӣҲúýѵ㣡
ڳɫһ䣬æƿӣͷһؿǺɩʲô
ʲôСҰְҶӵ춼ҿˣʰˣ
ɩĿѣŷ𣬺޲ý̻ˡ
Ƿֱҵңֻһȥѣ
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˹֣һ죬ػǿʲô·
һȺ޴޳ܵСޣ
СŮĻҲ֪ôһˣɨһɩӣ¶ͳһӣ˳ȥɩӣǺӵҩǮ𣿡
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ҵص˵ͷԳ˵ˣͷӣͷЩߡ
ôʻ˳ȥ
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ЦЦ£
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⻰Ҳһ£ܿ죬ƷԵɣҲƣЦֿҪģĪ¿ĸŮɣ
ɽԣ۾һɣ۴ӶͳһСɰžϣ¿ЩѸɣ

Ťͷ˿ҡ
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Ҹʹ˸ɫ
С˳ȥҪطɽѡ
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ӣҪ㿼ǰǻǨȥأ
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ĩˣֶԸϳ˵һߡ
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ôǮѣɲλֵķ񣬷˼ĶŻ⡣
Ҳա
ҷӣջĿ⣬ĵԶˣҪʲôҲɲǵˡ


80 Ļ


褡ɺǰ
Һīطݷں
Էɽ׷飬ǲ֪
Ϊԭγι˲Ȫˮˮ󣬾Ϣˡ
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ݸ磬ѵͲҼǵãɽﶼƽҲû룬ôǮǵѰ
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ΪֻҰģ㶼С˵Ļˣ廹֭䷽أ
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Ъ˹ôˣǿǶʮӰǮ㾹Ȼգ۾͸СˣҪҲŸ𣿡
ͷ۵òУԷɽֵ󣬾ѳȥˡ
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81 ٺ

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ӼҾס˿΢ܼλãôһַڶˣȻҲ̲סʲô顣
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83 Ҳȥѧ

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Цϱ˭Ҵһԣ


84 ǱĽ

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аݸţǶȰ໹Ǽ׵Ȱ࣬˵ν
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ˡ
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һԵķɺ״̲סЦˣ˵ǰռǺְһλŵѧʵӣҪСͰȥʣ

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ԣüͷ΢΢𣺡Ǵӱģ
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ͦɣдһƲһ࣬Ҳͬ˻ɢһΡҼͣ
ȻīطݿߵĲʱȴסɫһ


85 аʦ


īطʶðôͷ
Сӹˡ
ͯ˴߸ǰ󣬾Ͱվߵ
߻еıʣҺͰһЦĿתڸķīطݵϡ
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ѾߵͷʦҲûзڵˡ
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ţ
īطݾؿ
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Щ⡣
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ֻֿܣһλʢһ״ӵϢ»˵ļ޲ʡ
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뵽⣬΢΢̧ٴοһϰŵλãԭǵڶ֡
ֻǣĻԼҲ֪ӰΪʦǲһȷѡ


86 ү־֮

ҺͰݸҪȥϿ
һ磬īطվڴſڣҺ
ţȥɡ
һ˻֣ͼԼСŮŰݱıˡ
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˵ţæȥԶˡ

СֵϣͨòеţƵǰš
ţ϶˲ϸӣһСɽ
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üɫǺܺãûлشӵ⡣
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ڷۼֿסǳҶʲôȥѧʲôɸ˵ģڴҲϣܵҪסǮ࣬յûǰɣ
˵⻰ʱӻܲһԵķһۡ
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̶£ǰЩֳС˳ȥ׵طʮǮôĿڴͷ
Ǯ˵̥ϱˣԶĸĺüҲ⣬ЦҺʹôΪĿɲԼϷҵδϵѧúʹܱ
ǼѧãӾһţʮ궼ûϾˣָ̳ǼҹôѧãָܸϷҿҫ鹣
ԣһܿϱǵС˼
ѧòãϵѧþͺˣȥûУѧõķֽ̳˼붫⣬˵ô޷Ǿܵˣ


87 Ĳ

ϱɫѿ˼֡
ԴһӰ֮ĸƢûضйƵãĴ
ʹֲ˵Ϊûе
񷽴˲Ǯټ˵̥ڿԼǵĸҲôˣŲɵ˭⵱ڶң
¶Ǵģ⣬Ҳڼͷ
⧲˾졣
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СƤӣȻҸˣ
Ͼ̶Ƕ죬Ҳ̫˺ƤͲˣϾָ˿棬ƤЦֺõ룬ôТ˳϶ǲðһ˴ڴġǮҪǣ
ɫǺܲذ˷һۣȻǼҲܲ˿ţŷҲҪ̥绹ǻ°Щ
ϵЦݽʧʲô˵ˡ
ĸҪ˵ʲôҲûá
ںܿ죬ţ·Ӹǰ˾վſڵ

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С˲Ǯ˶˲һľ·ҲǴ鲼һɫۣЩ̼ϰһģϱüͷһʣôˣһҪ޳ӣӲ
û뵽Լǰ˵ķУȻһߣϱ滳˵̥
ĸ˲ϣԼӶรģ
Զڻеķϣ˲Ǯ⣬ӳ谮һ㡣
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ԣһ΢΢ͷֵֽ⡣
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ͷֺܲˬضԷ
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ԭΪīطдõȴûУԼ˼˵һΡ
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88 ˳ɻΣ

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ȵߣͬѧŷӿźӵĿⲻһ˫ǵ̲͸еɶͷԣоĪ
ڣīطĳѧ̲סȥΪǿңò𣿡
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īطֻЦˣԭˣֲѧܾ죬ء
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Сɤ⴫ֵ˼̧һͿСӵķſվ⣬Ͱ͵ؿǰݸʲôǧҪͷҰɡҳϣϿεʱǲС˸ȻС硭
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룬Ҳھˡ
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ϣҵСӰҥⶫ˳ɻУҵøϽ߶߶Բϱٻ
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īطݣ
˵Ļ


89 ﻹɣ

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ļй顣

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⻰ķ϶ʱɫݺݵصīطһۣҧгݵС˵˵ʲô
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ͬġ
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90 ܿͻ

Ƿǰȷʵᵣֿԡ
ΪսҲԽ
ĵҲŵһգĸҲ׵Ů޿ˡ
ԴһκСŮָĿǶһƬѾԽԽˡ
״̬ҲһպùһգҲڰᵽСϺֽύ˲Сãӽ
ֻҪúûŵһգͲɷƣ
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Ҳ彡ꡣ
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ҸǿЦãɵŮ˸ɶҲǲܼ̳Ǽҵ𣬳İݸգӽԺһշǼҵס
طݣ
һ飬գգ۾īطݣݸ磬ҲͦŶҪ㿼һ£
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ԣˣɴ۾ŭѵݸ㻹Ǽշ𣿡
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ΪʣȻң
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̹֮ٱɤӶվſڵ˵̫̫ʦԼλɣڡ


91 ֻܿ

Сһ峿
īطͬһȥϿΡ
Ҳ׼Ͷӷȥѧá
˫ֱ߻棬Ӷʱɫ䣬ָŷҲҪ˹һѧã
뵽ǰշ̥¶ɫȻôãһ߼ؿŷһ߶Զ˵ӱ𼱣ҲĳЩֱֳСǮһѧõġѾˣҪϵѧÿСõѧã
ӿǿ˵ģϲôĺӣĳЩСǮǮҲһȥѧãΣǮָǷҿ״Ԫҫ鹲ɣ
ߣ˹־ǮҲܱøһ
ӳŷ¶Ц
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⻰ɫȻ䣡


92 øģ

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ֿǰС̣ɵɫ΢ͷ̾Ϣվη޴Ҫ˵Ǵ֪
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93 ŵҺ

ءûУʲôû˵͹Ӹҡҳ˹֣˵˵ҲӸһѧáأĺܳ𣿡
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ұСŮ۵ᣬҲĵģʱĿȴ䡣
һΧ۵ҲϹӣѾ˿ʼϷϣ˵ģС˵ĸʲôˣҲôɷøְưѺŵãú˵𣿡
ǰﾪ
С𲻿ޣŸԡ
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׻˵úạֶ̃
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λƢõţŷһСƢãº̵ͣļѾͷòϻۿɰôͱô̭ˣղŴССǮˣҿǵһμôԼֶŮġ
ҡ
ϱðٿĪ磬ֻܺ޺޵վԭԼĶӡ
һˣǶĸָָģһʱ䣬߷ѵ
뷴ģһ뵽ڷĴԵİŸյСϣɲٱҺͷѾͷ
ֲò̬ضҸЦɩ㿴ҡҲͿˣûת˵ҲǣһˣӵиСʲôһʶ
صҧˡиָ֣һƽ̹ĸֱؿ̾ɩдԭ
ѹûһۣһ߱ŷĺ󱳰ˣһƮƮ˦һȥҺˡ
ϵıʱýӲ
С˼ҪСҰֵǸ
ö½ǶˣʱɨԵĶӷӡ
Ϊ϶ģ뵽⣬һڷСӣûĸĻһģôô˵þ㳤ٳҲ󲮵ĺӣһڵģ죬ȥõǸȥ
һ±Ʋѵؿң
ʲôʱֳˣ
ϺݺݵصһۣǳǸ͵Ǹôϻȥ
Ҳȥ
ӱôĪһ㣬ƢҲˣƾʲôҪҵǸ𳤳Ǹӣǳ˹ʲô㲻Ҳǳ˹ֳ˹ֵؽ˵СҰ֣Ҵ󲮵ޣҲŲأ
⻰һڳʮ˫۾ֱضŷϿ
ģڼôܽԼĺӵģ
ģȻںǰ˵Լ沵Ĳǣ
Щ˶˵ˡ
ԼҴɩĺСҰ֣ⲻҺӳǽ
ҪץȥĴ£
ҡҲŲСҰأҰģĴ壬кö˶֤Ϊʲô֪˻ҪҰ
Сյ㣬ʱӵĻ޵øˣƵãҪǮشۿð޵úòί
ôƾ޾ݣտڰףҪȥŰӵġ
īطЦЦؿŷϺͷӣŤͷֿһվԵɫʵ˵𣿡
ۺ룬һ˵ͷȷˡ
ƮƮĸ֣ȴͬ׺䶥˷ϵԴϡ
ʱһ̣ûһŤͷץŷӵĺ󱳺ݺĴ˵˵ʲôʱ˵ֻˣ
ӱ໲ҽУ߿ޱߺ˵ˣ˵ˣҲ˵Ƕ˵ҲŸ˵ģ
϶챻Ӹˡ
һȺ˶ţоȫҪˣ˵òС
ôôûĴӣ
̲סˡ
ŷӵĶ䣬һ֣һȥСӣһȥôʰ㣡
۰
ڷӵĲҽУĸ˾ô·ˡ
Ȼ÷̫ҪҲȥ
ϾӵˣһƳ˸ôҲﲻ
ֻÿǶĸ˺󣬴ǰȥҺͷ
ұŮַͬھһһл˴ҵĺģԼż沵Ĺϵ๫Ƿҳӣ׺ĸͬλֵּܷˡ
һһ⻰ˡ
һ£Ǹĸȥǲּҵġ
ҪǰּҵĻ϶ֵܼìˡ
Ǹ˽£ھǶ֪˵ģٰҲû׷ȥ
˭ûľ˼ҵЦָñ˿ԸҵЦˡ


94 ˷

ſҰ
ӱﾾŶ䣬һ·ҽŻصſڡ
ôˣ϶ҵģʲôأ
ɨڴɨͷϱŭűӵĶʱõü
ء̾ң
ӴһҪﳯȥ
ϱ˸򣬺ڷסţûˤȥָܻӵķӴ̨
ŷ۵Ķ䣬ʵغ˻ȥô͹ˣҲ˵ĻֻǸ˵Ķѣ
˵꣬ŷӵֿ޵̾ȾңҪˣ
üͷһ壬ɫһ䣬ؿŷϣô£Ҫұӣ
أӻ˷ӳ͸ֹסˣУ㳤ˣǾͶ̺ͷɣʰ㣡
Ӷ׵ϴΰԼĴҪ¶Ӱ
׵ͷ㤣ôһ˵͸ˣ嶶ɸؿŷӣ̣һҪȾңĲҵ£ǰԼֵġ
⻰ụ̂СӣֵġֻΪֵģ
˺ˣʲôҲˣʲôͷֶ̥ô죿˵ˣЪȥ
ӼɫѿҲˣֱӸ˻ݡ
ϸɨأʱȻҲûʲôԷӣҲû˵ʲôתͻԼͷȥˡ
ֻǻȥʱйƵĺôһ˷š
Ǳ̸ģһϣĪīط˵ĻмֵӣпŶϣ
ͷôԼģ
ԽԽ˳һۣŻƽ̹ĸ̾һޣҪЩǲָ״ԪģҪҫǷҵˡ

ϱݣ۵ӱ÷Ķ䣬㵽ɶˣôǸ˵ﻳ˵ܵܣ
ƲҸܰǷǳ˹֣
Ѿͷ
Ӹˣôˣ
С⼸죬æʰûȥһӵס
û뵽÷ϸײˣ
˵֪ˣȻ˹֣ǸͷСҰ־˵ҿ״Ԫ
⻰˵һ飬൱ģҶ˵ܴģѧķӶԺһܿ״Ԫ
һɫҲһ䣬һĭ˵˵ѾͷʲôģԺ󳤴˸򶼲һԸȢ
Ϊɶѽʡ
ЦͶ̥ģ˷
Ŷ
ţĵҲмֶ񶾵룺˷ðǸаݵСҰȢ˳˹֣ͻᱻ
ߣѧȥ
˵꣬ͷɨ㣬ӳš
ճûá
Ŷһ洺ؽݡ
䣬ôͷ岻ˣ
ϼ鲻ӣæͷ𶼱˻ȥ´ЦʣȥôȻˣ
ȥ۸¥ƹ˵СλسҪԳӭӵĵ¸صѧʸߣҲյӣұŰʦȥ
˵ţֿһݣôӣ
ƲƲ죬˵ŷӲùӽȥѧ𣿴͹ȥ˰ɡ
Ϸ飬ܵزɷ
Ǿ͸Ͻȥ˽л
Ͻձð
ŶҪܵһλ¸ص̵еȣ
ԣȻԸǳȥҷˡ
ӸյѧãСֺǡ
Ӷ˵ʱ˸£ʶ˵Ķ䡣
ߵѧſڣվͷķϣվԶʣҸʲô¿˵һҪӽء
üͷһ壬˵ˣˣȥ

Ӿ͸ˡ
ҡҲȥ͸˵ûհɡ
˵꣬ͷܡ
ϼܵñ湷죬ҲЦˡ
ֲòŷӵĶקؼȥ
׵ǰӲΣ˵øһʲô͸ʲô
ķҲǽʱͬգύ˲ͬˣ۽ҲһҲغ
һģµصͷվԼǰɫͲɵһɨһԵķϣʵ֮ǰɶȥóϡ
շжӹӣڲˣôҲʮˣӹӵĽ̫ǰþ͸ȡ˸зɣƽʱͽгɶ
ÿһ֣̲סһ£Ͷøˡ
Ҳ֪ǱŵãǱ鵽ġ
ӣԽԽˡ


95 ɶ˵˵

ܿģϾͰѻ·Ķק˳
䣺ʱŻһ㣬ôҲʮˣ͵档
һ󣬹Եһ仰Ҷ˵
˵󣬾ʹŷϺͷӳš
߳һӣתĵʱ򣬷Ͼ;òԾˣնˣһλʲô
Ȼͣ˽Ų˷һۣǸӸԺҪгɶӹӵĺ̫ˡ
Ŷһ֪ˡ
ŽŻشĵڶ⣬ָָԶϷϲŴŷһͨǻľŵλ𡣡
ԣɫʱһס
𡭡ǽ˵øһλ
ôˣ
ɫмѿֵһ䡣
æֵûûʲô¡
ô˵ȴѾʼŵòˡ
ô죬´Ҫ֪ԼŹλǰôһһҪƤ
ȻʱҲ˲Ծ
ղָŵĵطϴͷǸͷҪݼʦ
뵽ǸͷǷīطݵʦﲻˬˣʱͣ˽ŲԷ˵ҲȥʲôҪȥѧϿΣ
īطһϿΣȥ
˵ʲô
ɫ䣬ؿŷӡ
ӱɪһ£æص˷ϵȥˡ
ϼ״æԲȱôһ˵λҲҲӱ˵ˣλѾ˷īطѧˡ
ǣҸ˭һϿζҪСҰһ𣡡
ҧݣǺ޼˵ģ
˵Ŷϣ¶ܼǳһӣ
ɫһڣ˿ϣֿ˿ķӣֱԲֹô򵥡
˵īطڣǵ£ѵΪôõĻᶼҪˣӿǧŴλϢҪܳΪѧǰ;
Ҳܣ֪īطڣҾͲȥҲжã컹øأվڷǳ˹֡ءء
˵ţͱһס졣
Ϻݺһ¶ӵĸ첲۵ͼѿ
ɫ˼֣˵ʲôø
Ŀת˷ϡ
æû£ɶ˵˵ģҼûλôᱻ
ӾˣȻϣ
УǾԲȥʲôѧϰģ
ȻԽΣԽǺɡ
ĸ˺һû˵
Щִ磬ҲԼӣûеŭ
תķˣؼȥ
ϺͷӼ״е졣
Ӱ֣ǸıˣȥʲôΪʦˣ
ҲԲ׼ʲô˼
Դ򷽴ɴ¡ԽԽ͸ԼˣҲ֪ԼղźͶ˵ĻŻǲš
֪Ȼȥ˵
ŷӾͼææظ˷
صУ˲䱬ץ豭ͳŸսŵķϺͷӵĽŵȥ
ڵһ¡
豭ҵķѣĩɡ
ϲûŵõɢŷŭӶˡ
ҪԼ˵ӳȥʣ
϶˵
ҲɵˣһôקȥҼҵǸȻƤڴ˿һ²źá
죬Ҫ˰ɣ
ɪɪæ㵽˷ϵȥˡ
ҧҧͷҲ˵
˵ˣҪĸӸ˺ˣ
Ͼ£ȷʵʲôˡ
վһߵģ
룬ɲܾôˣǱģ
ǣϾͿʼޣŷӶԷߵ¶ֲܹҺ͹ӣǷѾͷƬƵģ͹ȥѧãѾͷƬˣĺĽ̵䣬Ҫس˭ƤƢôͰҺһͨ
֪ѾͷƬǹʲô˵ǹû֣˵ȥ״ԪˣŶϣ
óľͼӴסߵڰסһҡ
ЩСõˮ
ټϷǷΨһıӣûء
°뱲ӿɾȫָˡ
ӣҲȻӳϿߵĻ󣬶ʱɫԽѿ


96 

ѾͷƬӣ뷴ˣ
ŨŨ֮ɫֿһ۷ϺͷӣҲûãС޶ʰˣ
ϼìͷ׼˷𣬲һ޵Ǽأ̵ĺһһݡҿɻţҷſֽʰѾͷ˵Ҳ֪ʲôҩȻô˵ҡ
ˣʲôޣʡ¸ȥǰǸʱޡ
޿ģܲͷͷﲻ֪װģ
ֻͻȻ˱ļƽϣʰˡ
ӣ֮ɫ
ǰҲȥλϱȥǸѧ飬Ǹ˳£
󣬷ֶԷϺͷӵȻᣬҲλһֱȥȥͷˣǾ͸Һúϴ
һϴ֣ˡ
ĶǱӳڵĻ桭
ֻҪϴˣ
е㲻˼ؿˡ
һȻΣֲʲô£Լֵ֮СìܣλΪ¾ͼǺǲɣ
ɡǷѾͷ
ҵģ˵ȥ㶼ᡣ
ɫƶ๡
ֻӲͷƤӦˡ
ӦզΣ
һǼ˷Ҫ޵ġ
ϻûܵٸӣ᲻ô뿪
һ
ʹŷϺͷӶȳš
ֻһΣɫѿһ߾һŷϵʣҲȥвУ
С
ϿһǰķԷӵҲ֪ӣ˵һҪǸҲȥǵðȥɡ
⻰ɫҰֽ
ϼӰɸֵشţҲԼˣѲҪСҰ֣
ҡ֪ˡ
ҧҧĲʡ
ˣԲҪǳ˹֣
ߵߵ
ľϵһ洫˽Ų
ţű򿪡
Ϳһʮһкͯ磬æЦʣڼң
ͯһۣʣλ
ԣæ˲ָԼķϺͷӵǼںȮӣ﷢һЩᣬҾǹͬŵ˼ңʵǵĹ
ͯԣŽĿһЦķϺĲ鲻Ըվķϡ
жʱüȵȰɣȥ
˵꣬ľŸˡ
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һԵķȴ㷲˵Ļ˲С˹𣿡
֪һˣ͸Һúϴ̬ȳϿЩĪҪڳƽս̬
һۣż־⡣
򴽣ͷ鲻õһֹʲôʱˡ
ʱ
ͯѾ
ղ¿ҵ÷īطţһԵ̫ʦţۺȲ裬۲С͵͵Сģ
𣺡ݸ磬Ҳ̫дˣдþöûдҪдɣ
īطݣŶãڿأԼд£ôдһһܿѧġ
𣺡ðɡ
Сѧѧţ͵͵̧ͷһǰߡ
ĿЦؿ
Сʱ鲻ѣæͷд
ͯææ˽վֵĸǰ˸󣬵ˣǼſڽġøˣ˵ͬǸ
һüͷĿɨ˷īطݡ
ҲͯĻһ£ǲҶ壿
ͯ˵ͷֵﻹŲ񡣡
Ӷʱæ˵ʦɿˣ˵˼أˡ϶ô򵥣
ԣЦһ£ʵŶСãңкҪ£
ҧűʸӣšüͷ˼һ£ȻҡҡͷҲãӱ²ûʲô£
īطݸ͵²ӡ
ԶԶԣݸ˵Ķԣ
ͷȻͰ͵֣ʦɲܱǶαıƭˣ
վߵĸǰָôһ·СԴʧЦС𣬾ôСϷ򣿻ôܱŪסɣ
˵⻰ʱֻЦЦؿһīطݣʮζ
īطݱЩ飬ԼŰͼӴףʦǵ˼ˡ
Ҳ£ֲʲô캦¡
ΪʦʲôֶηʽάԼѧӦõ
ǣҲηˣ̧ͷֵĿ⣬һ治ɫطеǣɻķۣ


97 Ǻ«ȥ

īطݵĻЦЦŤͷͯȥˡ˷ʥͣ޹֪ܸģĪɡ
ͯˣԼȫûмһӵ˼ͺܿȥת˼ˡ
ּ˺Ťͷһ֮ɫķС֪仰˼
֪ģ
ģæصҰ˵ֲʥˣôܻһֱ˴ܹĻǺ£
ȻǼƷһӣζܸġ
ţ˼ҲЩдɣյд겻ɣϷҪдġֹɨСһۡ
īطæͷдˡ

ſվЩͷˣͷĽŲһյľٴαˡ
ͯ˵λɾǼ˵ˡ˷ʥͣ޹֪ܸģĪɡ˻ؼȥɣǼˡ
˵꣬Ҫľš
״ЩˣæסһûǼ⡭ҲǶˣ仰˼
ǲܵģֻǷҸȥλС
ôĵöӰʦ飿
λɾԻؼѯöˡǼϲϲ˺߶ţԻ˻ȥɡ
ͯ΢΢üɫЩˣƿ֣Ͱקϣһ¹ؽˡ
ýûŰȥʱɫѿѵվԭء
ϼ״̾ǲǣҰɡ
ΪʲôǣĸӶģ
ܻ
⼸Ѿٱôˣֱ涼⡣
ôô衣
ǡǺͷѾͷ֣Ҳ֪ܵȥҪ֪Ҳ¶ˡûʲôطš
һۣ޴
ϱҲһίˣ㻹
û˵Ťͷ˷ӣȥ
һ⻰۾ˣæǰŷϾߣǵҺȻȥˣ
ϱקе㷢£˷ĺһۣĵɶӣУҵöЩ
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ϲͷһ£ҪȥȻȥﻹҪﶢһ
Ӽ״šü򴽣Ȼɿϵ·תؼҵķˡ
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Ӷһơвͨʲôķӣ
Ϊöиʦ̵δǰ̣Ҳƴˡ
ȵҹĻ١
תöӶùеʱǽյľٴδ򿪡
ֻһ߳ĲǰλͯϤòϤķ
ŵķ𿴵ƷҲЩȣòҪģ͹ԹԺһ䣺塣
ŻȻ𣬷ǰ˵ˡ
˷īطСѧս̵š
ԼѾ˼ҲûܰѶӱֵѧīطȴô׾ٵصõһС
ĵҲһԷīطҲɵ񼸷֡
ȴǲԣЦǺǵؿŷ𣺡ѾͷīС¿ˣ
ѽҪؼȥˡټ
˵꣬һٸ˵ȥģīطݾҪߡ
ôô׵طŹˣæȥ
Ѿͷȵȵȡ
ֻŲٶأ׷Ϸ˵ᵽҲмˣպȥһˣ·ɡ
ʲôҪȥң
ص򷽴
˲ǺˣȻ˵ҪŰݷãָǻǸأ
Ѿͷ
װûǷɫߴٵţЩ߰
ʱؼˡ
һԵīطȴ͵͵СģǣǰˣС˵˼ȻˣҪ֪Ǽûʲôöġ˴ȥСҲ϶֪ôӦ
ɫãƲǳſ϶ûûôôùӶһأ
īطЦͷ˵е㵹ùҲȫ¡ʵڲĵĻȥǺ«ô
һӶͷţǰݸ磬ȥǺ«ɣ
˵꣬һ㣬Ťͷ򷽴¶һĨ޺Цݣ˵壬ҪȥǺ«ȲؼȥҪ´ٵŰݷã


98 æҰﲻ

ʱһڣﲻ׷СѾͷƬӵơ
粽͸˷࣬˵£ǳǺ«
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ȻǺ«ǲ԰ײ԰
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ʱҹĻҲѾˡ
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һ㶼÷ǻȥ
һԵīطС֣˵߰ɡ
š
ûطĻ͸īطؼҵķȥˡ
ǳ˳飬һѾͷȻĿ޳ûС
ˣǸ˵ˡ
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һԵķɺ״𼱣СͰݵܴܵءô룬˸ܵġ
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˵ţͱߣĴСȫ˰ϡ
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ݣԹԵȻ豭һڲˮǲˮģһֱ˳ʪһء
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ҲݣһٶʮӶüվһʣ²Ҳ˷ѿˣʲôֱ˵ɡ
ң˵ɩʵҲʲô¡Ǽҳɶѧ°ɡҴˣλǸдѧʵģҾóɶҲȥѧѧмˣǰ˵ЩûͷǼѾͷҲиһӦţ
ԣʲô׵ģЦһŷҲδ̫Ƶˡһ˼ңֲͬ죬θмˣ
ߣͽԵ֣ҪģӦԴӵǰ
ҵĻɫһ䣬ҪܼͷһõŴµڣ
ɫؿңɩ⻰˼ǲϰܵæˣ
Уݸȷʵﲻʲôæöʧˡ


99 

󣬷һһѶ뿪ˡ
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վſڳȥķͷֵҾ֪⣬Ȼðﵱм˰ѷʦ̫Ҫ
ҲŴϵĲŸո˼ſڡ칬һ
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һ˵һѧãһӵͬһʦأ
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Ťͷסĸ첲ҲҪĸ磬аݸͺݸȫõĸˣ
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С̻വһº󣬾ƨƨߵؽݣһ㱨˽ѧϰȡ
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ƹҲ˵˾䣺ͼʰˣСطҪôȥûжġϽϸ룬ĳͲ߶ˣݷá
ţƹߡ
Ӱ֮󣬾Լ·ˡ
ԼֳСȻҪôۣ˵ʵڵģۡ
ҲǲǡϡΪ󡯵ĵ
ƹҲ˵û
СǷŵЩĳȥЩ˼ңܼάָһЩļ۸񣬵طʾȥˣȻտʼСôԡ
ȷʵӦúúһ룬ԼҵСһ³·ˡ
ҳʱӳü£ɵùŶһ䣺ʲôˣ
Ӱ̾Сֵãмϼÿ̯ӶСͷСζҲƫƫҪǮͣȥԼ˳ԡ
ԣҲΪʲôȰĹӶ࣬ʲôķأ


100 ǹ˹

ؼҺȷʵҵĻȥûʲô⡣
룬ʵҲ󶮣ĽӿռﻹһЩǰ飬Ҳеã
ȻЩ飬Ҳ
Ȼȷֺ϶ˣǶä˵Ҳûʲô
Ըûܿظӳ⡣
ۼӶö˺öͷĲ̣ȥ㿴СѾôˣҲͱòϡˣİɣ
ԣģ˵ǺӣͬСһ䲻ڵĶ
˵ͷţкöأϡ
СԴӣεСǲ֮ǰͬ˵Ļˣ
ţ
Сֳ°ͣͷɻؿ
ҵ֪кܶ౦ƥһοɽϷСڣС֣ⷪ˴ϡԲѡڶΡΣһĽڣҪ˻ɵġ
ţҲ׵ģҲźܾᣬ֪ӦӦдϡӳ
С϶ʱҲǳ
ͷ˵ЩϡͷûͬСƵģ
룬СƵĵȻУ
ҵ˼˼ǣָСƵ߲˵ĻȽϲɣʵĻҲиɣ˵ţСͱˣ
ЦЦ㼴ٵ⣬ǵٹģһҳô죿ʵһ⣬ǽЩϵĶתȥ͵͵֣͵͵
ף
һæҵǲҪװɺĴȻȥЩ
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ҵ˵ͷӿ˵ȽһݣĻϣЩ˲׷鵽Щϡ߲˵ֻǱȽ鷳һЩҪҿɿ顣
УҲүɵɿģ
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ߺߵûүɵ˵أô֪Ϊ˰飬Ͳүأ
ԣʧЦ˻ıЩˡ
óԣ
Ҳֻһϡֲó֣ԺǾͿԳһص֯רųЩֳϡȻչһ޴ĲҵʱǾǵ߲˵۹Ĵ
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͹Сı˵߲͵Ǳߵʱ򣬿¶Ѿˡ
ڶ̵òУĿռ䱣䡣
ԣչ߲˵۹ĴƣôƲˣ
СһӾл˵Ļһ˰ſϣͰ͵ؿ˵ǡǻզ
ͷЦ֪Ҳô׵˰ɣ
˵ͷ̫ˡ
գգӣҪȻǾͿôɣ
ꣿ
ţ˺þõģǵСǾ䣬лطǻԸԧҪôԣܴһе㲻ܽܡ
ӣʵҲõġ
ҪΪɣͨ벻˴Ҳûôط
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ֽһ¡
Цˣæҡҡͷ²У˵Ļʵһ͢ˣΪ˹һռǲôԵġ

ʱţϵı˲ѣޱȣСɵض޳ˣΪʲô͢ǾͲܳأ
Ļôͱɡ˹ˣ
ǲζţⱲӶԲ𣿣


101 

ҿСŮίö޳ģε͢ˣȻǻרģֻشϲŻ֣һͨռȻǽӴġ
ŶڼԼ͵͵ųԿ𣿡
첲оԽԽˣӦÿ쵽ԳԻļˡ
ǰɲϡŹֵ󣬾￴ʲôˣ֪ˣҲ΢ſһˡ
ʲôģͳͳҪһ飡
ҵԼгԵĻȻû⣬Ͼ˵Ҳû֪óȥǲеġ
ŶŶðɡ
仰˵ûһ¸ķ£
һˣֻҪܳԾͿˣҪ̫ࡣ
˵˵ȥҲû뵽СĽӡ
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ҵ뷨Ƚϼ򵥣С׬ʲôɽɽʵڲʵʡ
룬ǼҵСƷֿõģ۵Ļȷʵݣһֱţ˭ɣģǾԼųԡ
ɹɴСҲܱܾõģӦ֧Ƕȹһ졣
һ뵽⣬̲סˮˣǺˬ鰡
ţǾͰ˵ͬ˵ɡƹҪǵСˣǾԼԡ
СĳԷô࣬ôԶܳġ
˷ѻе᲻СǮ£еۣԵĿɶǮ
ȰѣⲻʲôġǮ𣿡
ҵɵԼǮģǮȻ׬ԽԽãĸõļױҲŲ÷
ݣ߶߶أۼϾҪˣǸ˵׵ˡױôܲϽϣС˶Ҳ֪ļҶϡ
ҲǣȻʮҲˡ֮ٵ㡭
°ͣԴԽ߶߶̾Խ࣬ҲΣŤͷףŮҳʮ꣬һҪ𣿡
ŵִѧδ꣬ƻǷİ
ͷǶޢ껪ͬɻģɻһ󣬱㡣

ϵı鶼Ҫˣô硭޵ʱҲʮ߰ɣ
찥
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Ƕʮ˼֪ǲò̾һ䣬ް
Ҳ֪϶ùŴĻִȥȽϡ
ҶУһ޶֡
ǵûأǲҪôѴ˺𣿡
ؿҡ
Ц˵¶ҲҪﲻһ㼱أ
Ҽʲô
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ǲǻģͽĿͶҡ
ȻҲЦ˵ңҪء
ԣһˣץŷĸ첲ŭһ£ڵǻЦˡССôͼ˲˵ġ
ûﶼû˵Ҳ˵
𲻸˵Ʋȥˡ
ɺһ͵ЦţСǰ᲻ôˡ
ԣֵص˷ɺһۣôҲСѾͷ
ɺ񲻴˵ӣĵɺ˵ˣ
ˣһ˵ЦŶյòУתͻԼͷȥˡ
ףĲ𣿡
ҲԲ˲ԾŤͷҡ
ͷ˵ô㣬
ûءҡҲǺ˵ģĵģô˼ҡ
С˵ţҲô硭
ţҲһ
СӣЦС㣬Ƕѧҵ˵ŮʶֲΪ˿ȡȴҲòʶѧ꣬ˣٽŮ졣
ѧŮ죿
ʱɥͰ͵˵㡢Ů춼ûѧҲԲѧ𣿡
С
ؿݷѧѧãҲҪѧ£˶ģа£ҲɼңѧŮĻǻᱻġ
νɣûɷ涨ҳԺһҪ˰
ң
Ȼ
̶Ů֮СŮֿʼͷ۲ˡ
ŶͣŲˡ
СʱҲûôѹ̣ܽ


102 С

պƹٴεš
ҲԼľͬ˵ˡ
ƹҲǿǵԼϣСҾͲͬϽˡ
ӵ˵ͷУСǰ˵Ҫ٣ұ١
ʣµЩ͸ǼѾͷ˵ǰ㣬ɹԼԡ
С¸֮·ʧܺӲûоʹ١
ڷĹ£Сĥ˸µϣӹĥȷ˱оһζۣһշΧַھӵ죡
ӻƵعš
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ǷҲȥѧˡ
ֻżںͷײʱɼţŶԷȻÿǷӱǱܿ
󣬷̲סīطݵݸ㿴ǲԽԽˣӶû˵һ֣
īطݿЦЦ޵
ǫصΪݸ̵úѽ
ϾҶǶˣǳڳ࣬ѧϰôãԽãäǺкôġ
ϳҩ伮дʮ֮һˣ
ֱ̫жľУ
һϰۺ˿ڵ䷽ҲˣͲȥʵˡ

īطݾİе֡
ÿѧ󣬻صоͰԼؽ˷Ҳһдˡ
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£Ҫһˣ͸С̷˼١
⼸ļڣɲڷﲻ
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ֿһµ˼ǣŸһˡ
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ﶢ˿һˣɺȻ˵ûôܣ
ݵܵܣɫãǼǵƤСִˣץԲأȻԼزˣ
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ΪŮбԵʣһ£īطǲλķġ
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š
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˵ˡ
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ְװ׵ò״ӿռҩġ
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ǰݸ磬Ҳ˵˽Ҫ⼸춼ûÿոһȥˣˡҪĵĻȥ޸¸£
ȫԼ¶ˣװһʲô鶼ûģЦе˵š
īطֲɵӣȫûͻȻʧ٣ͻȻ֡Ĺ֮ɻãϺһֵζ


103 ݸ϶

ֵζ
æͷԼ·Ȼŵһҩ㡣
϶ڷҩĵʱմȾϵģ
ô죿ɲðݸ֪ҩ
ˣ
ֻҪϲͿ
ǣװһãȻģݸ磬ǲŴѽҲûŵԼʲôֵζѽ
ɻ޹ģīطֻһ²ĻܻᷴԼŴˣǣۼطַڴһһƬ˲Ƭմ棡
æ֣һƬ˲Ƭ𿴣ãɣôֶ
īط˵ţϸ۲ŷСϵı顣
𵽵ײʲôӰݼرãīطóƬ˲ƬʱͰԼ¶ˣ¶һ㾪ŵɫƶ຦±ʲôһ
ҡҲ֪Ǵġ
߾ˣ𲻿ܲ飬һĶ΢΢졣
˺ܶԲӣǺû߼ġ
ڡ
һʼߣ¶һģؿīط˵ӦǴİɣڴϵʱСĹŹţˡ
ţԣû
ӦǴ㱳ţ
īطȻǲĻģΪ֪շ褺ͷɺûгȥҩ֮ĵطϸûдʲôҩζ
ϵҩζȽŨžͺմҩĶ֣Ŷҩĵζһ
һ㣬īطݵıӡ
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ҪҪģϾȥ
һ˵꣬ܵ÷ɿ죬ֻһڳӡ
īطվԭأƵñӰĵ̲סʧ䣬õС̫࣬ϸ
ɨһʮƽķ䣬Ǵ̻¹ӣͷɺʱǸģڷˣܲصȥأ
ǲڷѵڷƾʧˣ
뵽⣬īطݶʱһڴһĴš
΢΢ͷѵʲôĹ𣿡
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⵽ڷĶīطݱܵزȥΪС
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ͼ˵˽ܣһʮֲܵ飬Ӧô
šԺ飬Ҿͼ֪ˡ
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ˡ
ر뵽ղīطݱе䵭̲סܡ
ļ尾ţҪҪԼСܸ߰ݸ磿
ݸôãôô˵˵ˣ˵ĻѶ©ٳӣѡ˲׷Բѡ
;ھθк͸б
ôƭôõİݸأ
ǣӿռܣﶼ֪ء
Ҳǧ֮⣬˭ܱ֮֡
ڴ㡢ǰԼصʵʵġ
ֻΪīط˵Ӧóƭ϶Ѿ˺ɣ
϶룬ôϲİþȻ˵ƭ
λ˼һ£īطݵĻ϶Ҫġ
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ݸİɣ
ЩãȻȷ
֪УѾߵл㱵ġ
ҲĲԾæʰѯʣôˣһ˻ģ
ššüŤͷ棬īطڵطһۡ
īطҲѾͷ߳ˣֻǿɫǺܺõӣŲûͣ¹ֱԼͷ߻ȥˡ
һľ͸ˣӶǰݸ϶ˣ


104 ӵ

ôˣǺ㰢Сì𣿡
ҿīطͷ򣬱ͷʵ
תͷؿҡҿ԰ҵСܸ߰ݸ𣿡
ԣ˼
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ص˵ͷţƭ˰ݸ磬ݸӦú
Ұÿ˶ԼСܡ㰢С粢ΪԼСܾͲͬˣˣġһΪֹ㶼ûȥʹ𣿡
ΪʲôҪʣݸֲӰҶ԰ݸϲҲںʲô
ԣ̲סʧЦ뵽СŮȻСޣʲô
ʵīطݵӣǴŮŮܲ²õֵġ
īطݵò̸£ļһԺա
ΪԵʣѡӲʲôݣǷҪˣôҲԼ๫ľ
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ҳ⣬ҲǷӲϲҵԭ֮һҲѡĶϱϲҲĿ˳ۡ
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Щһ˼˷Ĵ壬ҲΪ¶
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˾ǷԼŵĲźˡ
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ֻ˯ʱԼ˶ߴͷ磬°Ҳ̫׵ˡǺ˵ҲСĸɩСô飬ȻһԵԼˡͷҪС֪ˣ֪ҪôǷأ


105 С

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ˣ˵ˡ鰢ȻˣǾţô࣬úڼŶޣҪСôʰ㣡
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Խ룬ɫԽѿ
˵Ťͷͺ˯ȥˣȴô˯˯š
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ȥʱԭҾѺȾƽƵģȴûȴӾ֪Щ˵顣
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ԼʮʱƺͱӵĴŮˣٻؼңһ굽ͷҲ档
ܵĹ۸еǱȶܵ΢һЩԼΪپӽΪһЩԵʡ
ȥ
Ҳ˵


106 壬Ҫ

һԵҲһæ˵ңСӼҼû£ȥҲûʲôСӾĹһȥɡ
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æŤͷīطһ
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ԣһȣĸ֮ý֮ԡҲû취
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ΪӲһĸҶ֪
˭Էپһأ
Ѿȥˣϻû취εɡ
ֲֻͬ¡
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˭ѰģǷپأ
ǲΪʲôԸӵģҪһøжûУֻõ㣬Ҷˡ
»󣬷īطݾ͵͵߳˷䣬ûб˷Ȼڵӳϲ硣
æŸѾء
žţͿ˷𣬶ʱɫһӾҧһ䣺СҰôҲܹˣǹ۶ϲӳ֣Ⱦ𣿡
ԽԽˬⲽӸǰ۾ôѾͷˣǮ۶ŵùһ
⻰һ˵Ŀⶼ˷
ʱʲôҲԲȥˣ̧ϷҲĿ⣬̣ҰǸ˺ģʮأôͲˣУô͵ùˣҪǵùһÿéͷȥ
ۡ
һŵŮŮ⻰ȫЦ
Ӷʱɫ䣬һһҧгݵصŷ𣺡ų죬Ȼ˵ʲôûϽҹùҼ۶˵
һվڵϣŷСְҲԣȰҰĶʮ񻹻
һŲţ
ܻ־Ҫȥ
īطæѷһקŶһơ
û뵽ôҪ棬ڶӵϲ϶ԼŮ֣ˬˣ۵һ
ºˣԺ˺üӣʮ˫۾ȫ߿˹
ɹٷپȻҲע⵽ߵڿޣæ˹ʣôˣö˶˵ôˣ
һˣס۴޸״壬Ҫң


107 Ǻٻ

پһ۱Լȵķ𣬲ɵüͷ΢ܿĿ⣬ʣС𣿡
ţǰ壡
̧ͷ۵С϶ۡ
ϵ̥̫۵ĻǺƯġ
پ׻һĨϧ֮ɫתЦͷ󣬶ԷӵҴϲӣαظһӹȥ
ɫɺѿҸȥֲǲ֪СǮѾͷж
Сͦõģˣ
پĿⲻźۼƳһŵīطݺЦ˵ϲӣСǲǸö˵һЩϲĻ
жˡ
ɣȻ˳úÿǸõˣ
Цʱ˫һ۸оҪ˵ĻǶȥˡ
ԵλλΣСͰȴͣʲôûģʺƨһһģ»ϲףһɾ°úϣӣ
پֺǣԷӵСС𣿶˵Ǳˣȥ𴦿ɡ
ɫģֲӣټô˫۾ţҪȥĲǣֻúתȥ˱кˡ
ˣһŷپЦһ¡
پͷúó԰ɡ
лл壡
پЦЦ󣬾תæŴȥˡ
̵ؼŷһԵīط˵㿴Ҷ˵˰ɣǺأ
īطݿ˿Զķپĵ׻ЩͬĻܾ÷پϵЦ̫ˣҲƮʣղſ̥ǵʱȻû¶֮ɫҲֵֹġ
֮ܶīطݲϲ塣
СضԷ˲ò࣬ͬΣôܶ϶Ǻأ
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Сֶ̣в˵ʱͰæţ֪С϶˲ˡ
һԵӣĿⶢŷپ˺һ̲סүȺģôôЩ˼ҵүô˷øĶƤˣйүҲǡ˹ˡ
۶ģҿܵôŮոˣ
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˵ܳȥֱӴסˣǹӼ飬ŮˣʮǰŻϷġ
ǰɣҿɾӴ˵ԼĹŮжТ˳ԭȴǹϵ׽
׽Ź֣˵ĸŮϵãôһ굽ͷһˣǳأ׼񻹺ŷأ
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ѷپάҲ˵ˣλû壬컨׹
Ҷ̲סЦŴȤٿȥΪҪΪ·ˡ
ٺЦǵڣ·ֻаݸ磡ٺÿûаݸÿȰݸ糤ˣ϶ÿüٱ
һԵīط⧲رôһ䣬ûǺˮѷζȳ΢ȵô֪ҳ˾ͻÿأһҳˡô죿
ֽϸϸһ˵ҵ۹⣬ݸԺˣ
Ǿͽ谢üˡϣĲ
īطݱҪһ
ǣԴղСܺ񣬷˵ĵĻˡ
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褱ʱǡôͷ߽ԣػһ䣺ΪʲôٺúദҹкѣϷһССı仯ӰҺ֮ꡣ


108 Ǻڣõ

ǴΪʲôԸ»񰡣ﻹأΪʲô͹ȥ
ôһʣ褾ͳĬˣһȫ˵ӡ
æԲҲǿ켰ǵˣҪӣʺȥ˶ϲ磬ȻĻҲֲȥˡ
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Ȼȴû뵽Ť˷پ»Сһ졣
褿ϣŤͷԼȥˡ
𣺡
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Ͽ˺Ҳһ¡
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ЦеҲ֪ԼȥҴɡ
˵꣬ϵ֣Լסݡ
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ϼϸʵ褣㻹ҵ𣿡
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ŶһȻһͷشˣƵ߳˷䣬˳ֹ˷š
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á
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ЦЦͷ˵ɵӣʱ˲ܹ⿴Ƥġ
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ϸ벻ͨ֡
ԣʵû׹ͬСŮǾ䡮ǺˡĻ


109 İ

ݸ磬ԳǶǼֱĺ춹֣ǵһȥòã
ûѧֿʼǳԵˣ뿪һʱ䣬ʹ˴īطݵĸ첲յС˵š
īطձʵ΢΢һ٣ǰղųԹС˵̫춹֣ԶֲԷˡ
ǸСè͵ͷЩ졣
պ춹̶֣⣬ҪһǺ«
ÿζѧʱĥһȥ򣬵ȻʱʲôԲˡ
ΪѾû˽ǮҪʲôīط͵͵Եġ
īطݵĻƲƲ죬˵ҲǰճԵģûԣӦǿԳԵģÿնԡ
īطݣ
ֻ֪ҪһʱΪĿģСġۡͳˡ
˵æչȥ첲ðݸ磬ǾȥҴӦֻһ飬֤Բġ
īط˵á
һ̧ͶСŮ˫С¹ʪͰ͵Ĵ۾ˡ
ŵıʶᶶһ£СڰɫֽϻһĶߡ
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ĵöˣīطݵĸ첲˺ü¡
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110 ·

Ͱ͵ؿ̯ǰ壬ûǮô࡭ǡֻʮġ
˭Сѳϴôࣿģ۵ĺ÷
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ʮģ
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ҰСĿ⻹һֱǿͷüƺ˼ʲô
۾￴ˡرҪĸ֡

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Ҳ̫ˣţƤӰţ򿪻û´ţʲô˵ģ
Щ۵ĻҪյǰᣬͻӶСƤޣǴ໽У
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ǰ壬ͱӣǮҰ
˿ԼղŵΪʲô޳ܵģЦеؿ̯
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111 ֻϲ

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Ҫ̯˵ڵʱ򣬺ȻһϤ
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پͷЦģ͵ʱ͸ǵСˡ
⻰̵òУЦǾлл
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پͶԷҪҪٴȥ䣿һЩ񡣡
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پǰռҵģȷʵˡ
Ѿʮüĸˣȴû°ۼһ꣬ݣĿ⣬Ů󣬸˼ֶζԽԡ
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112 

ţݸô
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һӣ򵽽ǲ̫ܵģȴһЩµĲƥ
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113 ֻҪ

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һӾˣؿŷɺȻܵīطһĶԴǵض˵У㣬Ҳǰ֪͸ĺһ͵͵ߴô죿Ҫ㾪ϲ
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š
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114 Ϊ˭

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115 

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еīѾ£ǲַϣһ֧Ưİĵ÷ԽԳֻŵЦ⣬Ҳ
󡢴㡭
𶼿ˣǰֻôÿʺܳأȴû뵽̶ֳȡ
վڶɢŹȣŲĿ⡣
һԵȿ˿ڣʧЦô˵ˣѵ̫ǵĴˣ
󣡲Ųأ
𼤶ˣæ˫ֵÿˣ
Ҳûʺƨʵûסˣæǻһ·ױݰˣ˵ôšÿҲаաɣܽŮΪ档
ʲô࣡
ֵصһۣҵŮ񣬾ûвģ
С˵ǣǼҵĹﶼ飡ʲô࣡ɲԷƱ
˵ţæ£ȥѲȫ˳
褵ǰһ볤档
ˣȻÿ˶Լ׼ĺ
ԼΪʱϻԵʣշϵЦݣû
һٳԵø⿪ġ
ֻܰҲûгá
ΪپЯˡ
ǵһӭȥġ
پͷŵĻһλʱһ£ֱһ塣
پŻ񣬡ǡѾͷ
ˬЦǰ嶼ϵˣ
پФԼҴаѹľһºЦݣ겻ҲˣȷʵѾϲˡ
ЦЦû˵ʲô
پҲûൢ󣬾Ͻ͸˷褡
ϿѾģķ褣Ҳһʱʧ񣬼ʶؾѿڶã


116 Ļ

Цӯӯؽ˵ף
ԭҾͿһ£÷پһԸȴپܾˡ
ϱͬ褺ú˵Щۼһپɫõӣʲô˵ˣֻ֮󣬸Ҵ뿪
壬ǲе֣ҼǵһֱŹùõİɣôͻȻˣģǸǰû𣬵⿴˵˾ò
پ뿪󣬷̲סյ߶˵˼䡣
⼸¸ͷЩطѧ˲ٶԹɫı˲ֹһǰ㡣
پǼõĿ⣬ͺشʲô
ԣָо˷̲סƤ
÷ʶ뵽ùǸӣܾùԽԽˡ
ŮĻ΢΢üһѾŷ褽ݵСŮԷҲЩĥ͸˵ﲻԾСϲϲýҲ֪ʲô
С𣿡
Ҳͷһ۷СãʧЦѽҲƽＤһ㣬ˣôСֱó˺˻˴ž̺ͶˣټһӰɡ
˰Ҳᵽˣ͸Ǹסţ
һֱϲӺͶ﷽ϣʱҲһƬ
š
ҵ˵ͷŷ֣һ߿Ǵֲڵļӣ۲ţһʵλɲһôԶ˰ɣ
ס֣Це߶Զܻصǵߡ
⻰ɫ΢ﻹܲ˼ɵһ£֪ҲǸдġֻǰǲģӦȥʲôҪΣΪϣҪԼ
Ҳ۾סңŵģԵġͷҲԣȥǣҵĻǣֻҪǣһģ
ޣں˵ʲô
վһԵѻжأ䲻һſڱտģôͳǳˡ
ϲ˵ͯ޼ɰͯ޼ɣ
żģЦˣæãҲ˵˵ˣϴ
ͷµΪͽǣҶúõػţͷİɡ
ʧЦزϵᣬФԼ๫ĶŮд磬㵽ʲôʱܻͬһžۣ
*
ҹݣ˶ͷŵҡ
ͷĵûȣ͵͵ˡ
ҿЦһ£ôͬ˵˵Ҫ̸̸ͬ𣿡
ٺЦ˽ĻҾǹ㰡
ңҿҲŶԡ

⻰û˵أ;Լǰʲôܶزסġ
Ҳˣ¶һƴСʯݸң˵Ҫ͸ʮ񣡡
һ㶣ݹʯǾȣ⡭ģ
ϸʯ׶Ͼͨ͸õİҲûһ鴿͸ϳ˼Ʒ
ˣʯůһ鼫Ʒůָмá
ҲصСɲ˵̺ãȻţģ
˵ţϾҲǸȪ˺ܳһʱģ涼һЩȻ࣬ҲǼкôġ
űͨʯҪ
Ͼ㲻һƬֻƷˡ
ȥǱȽʺϷ褵һ֡
С㡭
ӣǸжο͸ˣԼ𣿡
еġİɣ͸ģһи׼أ
ָͷš
ʵصıҲ࣬Ͼϱ𾫵ʱҲͻٶɾģûʲôмʹбΨһ͵ģžʯʲôȪرϳֲ
仰˵ǣһٶͲȪȪرԼӿռĶȪܱ߸ĶҲͳ
͵ĶҲֻЩһ˿ˣ֮⣬ûʲôĴá
˭һֻլ͹СĽأ
ΨһõóֵģҲʣ¿ռﵱһЩִƷˣֺܶ࣬ܲóʹã̫ҡ


117 ݸ粡

֪ˡ
սʯСŮĶͷȴлл㡣
ţ
գգ۾ҡ
ҵСܣҲ׸ĽǣʯֱӸ͵ģ·
ţ֪ģȫƾﰲţ
ԼҲýʯôţǡʡЩ鷳
Ĵɲܺסˣ

ݳ󣬷ֵֻػԼͷȥˣһ
Ȼ׼ȥʱͿ˶īطݵͷһվſڣӰį
ЩۣҲˣīط˹ȥ
ݸ磬ڸʲôѽ
īطվſڣŶͷŮöЦ̲סԼֳǡ
Ϊܵô죬Ҫȥͽһ֣ȴû뵽ת˸ͳԼ˹
ʻŻȻ񣬵˵ҲҲûʲôеֳˡ
ֳȻЩҲܴһˣ˵˵ЦЦֵ֮Ĺϵ׽
ȻѾûֳˡ
īطݵɫԽ˶ɢһֹ¼Ϣ
æ£ݸǲѽ
īط΢΢˵ͷţһҲֳֳǶҲá
ȻСӺͰãѺͼǣҲܺãչ鲻Ѫס
ǽž۵ʱҲĴ
ؼˡ
ȴزȥ
Ϊʲôزȥأ
īطݶʱһƬãȻҲһ̿հףһ뵽ͷ̲סһۡ
ء
ݸ磬ôˣ
Ȼɫʹæڴ¡
ҡҵͷۡ
īطݵɫԽԽ԰ףͷ϶ð˲亹
ò̫Ծݸ𼱣ýȥУ
˵˳ȥҴҵÿ˶š
ĵÿģٵ򿪾Ϳżģʣôˣ
֣ݸͻȻͷۡɫסð亹Щæȥйưɣ
ôͻȻˣ
褺ͷɺҲסˡ
껰ȥ鿴īطݵȷʵ˵Ͷ˵첽ȥˡ
Ϊϰԭ򣬷Ľų̺ܿ죬вһˡ
ڴһֱͷ۵īطݣҲɵɫ΢䣬æǰȥϡ
ʱͷվһˡ
ҵҲ˵ǣö˶˵ôͺȻͷأ
īطܲѵģۿˣ۾˵ҡҲ֪ݸڸ˵أ˵˵žͷˡ
ղŴһû͵͵һīطݵ壬ûʲô⡣
īطݵĲ̫ͻȻˣ
һԵķɺޣڸݵܵܿأûµġ
š
ƵӦţĿȴֱضŲϵīطݡ
룬鲻ëǲرأ
ҪǰðƬ׼ˣ
󣬼īطݻ۵ɫҰסð麹ģҽóһõ룬īطݵͷ˼Ѩλ˲룬īطݵʹᣬҲ
а壬ݸ絽ôˣ
īطݺ˯ȥˣҲվסæȥо
гҡҡͷƺǺȻʲô̼ʩ˯һӦָܻˡ
仰˵Ҳûʲôë
λСɾܿҲؼģ
̼
һ±ơ
ͷѯʵ㰢ݸͷǰ˵ʲô𣿡
ššü˵ݸ˵ֳˡ
ˣ
ЦˣҲҲûʲô󰭣úõ˯һɡ
ҲͬĻȡ󣬾뿪ˡ
īСɾϳ˲亹Ƕȥ¡
˵ţͰ˶˳ȥ
վſڵţ磬ңݸ˲ŻģݸļʲôʱӰݸȥ
뵽ǷţǷ͹ģտţȴû˵ʲôʱߡ
СŮͷȸʱͻˡ񡭡㰢ݸҲû취ȥ
Ϊʲôû취ȥأ
˵ݸ粻Ǵطǵ𣿰Ѱݸ͵طǣǲǾͼžˣ
һԵķԣЦˣһ˵ɵѾͷΪط˵ȥȥҪǣн𣿸οطǾԶˣҪϴ꣡
˵꣬ɺ̲ס׷ʣ˵ĶԡС㰢ݸʲôʱͬ˵Ǵطģ
𣺣
ݸû˵㣿


118 ֢

ѾȫˣڼСʱԼīط˵ǴӴطġīطޱȵصͷһֱôˡ
īطһβòأʩ㰲ȵ˯ˡ
ֻҹʱȻӴϵؿھţɢ鸡ﲻͣʲô
ߵīطݸǰīСɾôˣ
īطûа㷴Ӧһ˫۾ֱǰѶʱͷƤ飬ʮֲԾ
īСɾ
īطݵļȴɸʲôƵã
սȥһʱòУò֢֮ɣ
С֢Ҳʲôϡ£ֻǴ鷳
ҲȥҺˡ
ҹһɫҲʱһȷʵ֢֮
һλ֣ԼĪʮʱҲ֢֮ģͬīطһ޶
ҪȥУ롭Ĵʦ
Ȼ롭
Ҫ˵ʲôȻһ٣뵽ԼСŮֿ˿ڴ˫˻Ǳǵīطݣɵ߬ľ˵ȵȵȡٿ
Ҳûʲô飬һ˯ţһīطݵ
ң뿪ʱһ۶ݣ׻һĨΣħˡݶ˵ͬˣڳ£ôԹۣ
ˡ
ȷīط֢ĵһӦҪȥĴʦٷӦСŮεĲŶԡ
ȴȻ˽СŮб£ҲǸСޣ֢֮
Ҫֵ֪֢֮Ҳǧ˹´ֳ֣žλġ
εĻܽīطκãǲҲҪܴĴۣ
ùŮٴƬĻ棬붼롣
Ҳ֪ŮīطβҲס
̫Ѩ̾һˣپɡ

ա
ǣīطݡ
ҪΪţīطˡ
ǣһģҲ˲ϴֱӾͳīطͷȥ
ȻͿ˴ڴϣ˫Ŀ޹⣬ɢʧīطݡ
ףݸôˣ
յúܽڷīطݵĲԾˡ
īطݵС֣Ȼ˵һ顣
šѽǶûܡôǶ˻Ƶã
ҿҲûīط⵽ôһ¡
ֱѽһϣҵĹʲôأīСɾ֢֮ױȥ
֢ʲô
˻ǵ˼ʦ
𣺡
ɿɣ֪Ŵ˿϶ǳŵģ
ʦϡ
ȴʦ
Ҳˣݸû갡
Ҵ֪˷һīطݷܵ顣
ȹʱ򣬾ͼԼСŮƵãīطƣҪƳһ仨
ʧЦỽһ䣬ʲô
ڿݸô˰ҿҲûʲô
ҼƵģҲ΢΢ԾҲΣ֢𣿡
ղ˵ˣ֢Ƕ˻ǵ˼ҿˣݸǶúõشأ
˵֢֮ô
ɻѡ
ѾӿռԼõ˳īطݵ
ĿȻɴؿǰǶ΢Ӧġ
ʯͷססˡ
ţ㿴ݸ綯ˣסҵ裡
ԣҲΣܶ㿴Ļ𣿡
ģīطݵǰӶŷצݸ㿴˰ɣõ˵ɣ
īطݻûпڣ漣գգ۾ȻǺȻҵ˿׷Ŀһ˫۹⣬˷ϡ
ʱϲѣ㿴ݸ翴
ҿȥȻīطݵ˫ĿѾ۹⣬ǰǰɢʧģֻŰĿ⣬Ҳ˾òԾ
ݸ磬ǲǻﲻĻҪ߰𣬰ȥУ
īطݿǰοɰŴһСŮ۴һɫ̥ǣϸ֮£ϵƬΨһͬǣƬϻһ˿ٽ⡭
ǲ˵ͷĸ첲Сеѯʣݸ磬㡭𣿡
ȻѾϤˣôֱضſҲǻ᲻˼ĺ÷
İݸ磬̫ˣ


119 Ȼֺ

Сӣ㿴īСɾģĲǻ֢֮
ˣǴ㶵أֻڷ󣬷ȥȥ
ԽԽòԾݵҡ
վ£ԺһԿ͸¸׷ֵīطݣմͬ˵ǻ֢֮ɰȴ˵úõģûҲûǣôǡ˸˵ģ
뵽⣬üͷ𣬵˵ȥǱѧʱҲ˰ݵĲԾ֮˵ѧʶϲδͬʱشּҲûжٱ仯
仰˴㶺Ͳ˵֮⣬û쳣ĵط
⵽ʲô֢Ǽˣ
ͰīطݵԼޣ䣬īطҲԷһţģȫûյľôܲ
⼸û뷨ӣɽȥīطаˣ
ȻżҲֻӡ
Ҳ˺ü졣
Щīطദ;ʵ̫ˡ
оҰݸ˸һ
Ĭԣȴû׷ϵü˵ʲôԱ˵ĻȴѡԵذ
Ψ֮ǰҪϼ֡
ȥĶҪĶ֮⣬˯Ҫһ˯ȻڴһϲۣȻڶ춥һԺȦֱؿ
Խ˵÷ԽͰ͡
ÿ˯º󣬶ҪתһȦϨ˵ƻ뿪ȥ˯
ԷֻϨƺ͵͵ܹīط˯˯ܻ֮Լͷȥ
պñײˡ
ɺĵؿ˵СҲǿŮˣ˼޵ͷ꣬˵Ů겻ͬϯ
װɵ˵ʲôۣҸղžȥˣʲô겻갡꣡
ɺûôúŪСҪ˵ѵĻǻģվȥ߰ȥ˯
һ⻰ʵˣͰ͵˵ݸˣҪǲ˯ȥ۵˯㲻֪ǰնɫòò
ɺҲ֪īطԣ˵ˣҲƵģ룬ҹܹȥѳֵᷢģʱ϶Ҫѵ㡭
Ͱ£ʵݸܺú˯ģһ˯ˣҲ˶೤ʱ䡣
īطݱȽ鷳ǵһڴ˯ѣߣܰȵر۾˯Ҳ֪ôë
ֻ󣬷ɺû˵÷ԹԵ¶һظ߰
Ҳ밤ᣬԽҲͬ˵Լҹܹȥīط˯顣
󣬲ûеôûѵʲôֻǺε̾һ
ţ¸׷ĽŲҲ̨ϵīطݣ־ͽ¸ϲ˹ȥݸ磬Ű
īطݻûӦͳҹˣ֮ſ˹Ĵ׶졭
¸~
׶Ľ
īطȴûס򣬱׶ɹ˵ڵء
ɫ΢䣬ͫһ˵һԵ򣬾ͳ˳ȥ
¸¼ˣæīط׷ȥˡ
ʱīطݣȻҼٵغǰһ׹⣬ʧȥʶص˵ϡ
ݸ磿
۵£һ£æȥ
վµӺҿһĻҲһ£æӵ裬ȥУ
ղſŸ¸³īط˹ȥûײͷ֮ģôö˶˵ˣ
ɻֳǣæīطȥ
ȻûȰīطݾͻ۾һãȻؿΧԼҺͷɤƵʣСӣá
ף
ϲݸ磬ˣ
Ҳһ£ϸīطݣĶͷֲûзȵæʣݿɻﲻʣ
īطӳģоԼеκʲôҪ飬벻ܵòУüͷС˼֣ҡͷģ
ȥţϾͰк
ߴţӵ
īطԵɵɵģɶҲû˵ԹԵǣͷߣȻɵ˴ϡ
ҿãСŮ̸˼ĲԷȷˣīطǺȻֺ
һдҴҽš
Ϊīط˵ͷۣҲæʩһȷīطûʲô󰭣뿪ġ
˵ضˣīطݵ̫ݸֱ
⼸㶵İݸ̫ˣ
īطһãȻؿҡôҲһֱͦõ𣿡
ôýİеֹ֡
Ƿʲô֪


120 ʣ

īطݲ˼죬Ҷ֪ȻҲ
Ͱ⼸״̬˵һ¡
ݸͻȻһһ˵Ҳú˯رճˣ
īطݣ
ۣϣǰ˯ģȻ͵۾ڴ
īطݣ
ݸ磬ĺôַ˰
˵ţֺȻ˵ˣæǲѵشչȥ
īطһ£ˣɫɻ󣺡⼸գô𣿡
ΪʲôҲޣ
ˡ
հõĻǰȻſε֮ͷ۲ֹʩֹֹۣۺʧ˻ꡭ
ǻججعգȫԼģ
赹ǰʲôҲûаļˡ
īطšü
ɫԾæסճȭС֣ĵذݸ°ʲôӣǶģΪȻɵͰߣ
īط⻰ָжֿЦãллá
׵ǻָһ˿Ѫɫһ룬ݸȻˣȷʵ൱Ź֣Ժǵöע⣬һݸ緢ʱûߣͱƭӸأ
ݸ糤ôÿСͯһǧŪ˰
ˣ𣬻㰢ݸȺúϢһɡ
վں棬ͷؿīطݣݿɻﲻʣ
īطҡҡͷЩһ¾ͺˡ
ǰݸ°
ڴϣĻæߴ£ĵظ˱ӣ˵ݸ粡ô죬϶Ҫúòһú˯˯ˣͿԳԵõʮȫ󲹼
á
īطҲϣԹԵɺˡ
ҺͷŲٴϢ߳ӡ
һϣīطݾϴõǰ񣬷ȥؿ˺һǲǸйϵ
ǰûгֹ
ܸһϤĸоô붼벻ֻӦǼΪҪģŲС
īط˼һŲŻͷ£۾Ϣˡ
ͷ
һžȥļȴҸסˡ
ܵôʲô
ͷ˼˵ԼҪȥҵȪˮ
ݸǲΣҲûķӣֻȸιȪˮˡ
˵ݸˣѱַǲӦ˸ϸƣ
ޣ鿴ûȴβīطĲ֢Ϊ彡ĺܡ
ܿ뵽һֿܣǾǾ񼲲
⡮񼲲ǰҲ˵һΣͲ˽⵽εġ
̾һȷʵˣֻҲ֪˭֢ܿˣ㲻˵ʲô֢֮𣿡
ҲȷҴǰ˵񼲲ͬݸе񡣡
񼲲Ǻβ֢
Ҳ֪
йصͷھͺˡ
ʲôΣˡ
̫ˣûúøѧϰҽҲûаĶѧá
ȥռ䷭µһҽҲûھ񼲲ֵġ
ҼСǾɥͷҲûķӣ㰢ݸ緸ʱҲֻܰǱƽԹһЩ̫¡ֻҪһЩͿˡ
š
Ǽᶨ֮ɫӽһҪúÿסݸ磬Բ뿪Լߣ
īط˯ó÷ΪԼĲʲôľ
סˡ
ǸʮֿµجΣȫǵ⽣ӰѪɫʬͣܣĸ
ĸ
īطݾŴجоѣ۾ڴϴڴڵشϢţ¼ˮʪ͸ˣ·ϣ֡
ޱȵشӴС԰ףײײسŲȥץǲԼ͹ˮ
ˮˣĺŽطŻָ״̬
ȻһãȻرŲվԭأһƬհס
ҡˣ
īطݲһմŵˮգɫԽѿ
ˣˡ
ʲôجΣȴѵһ˲ȫˡ
īطݱŲֶڷɫԽԽף˫ǰѵĲˣ
ļ䣬جΣҲˡ
īطݵһΪֲɿ״̬ؿ־֮С
ĲˣҪôֵĲ


121 Сͯ

ݸ磬£ֲʲô֢һһֱߵģԲ㷢ʱŪ
īطϢ󣬷;ɫԾصӣʲô֢֮һ
ĻīطȦ΢΢죬ʵ˵áҡ
ݸ˼룡һҵ취κĲ
š
ѼˣרŰʮȫ˵ͺأ
ֹ۵ţõϢȾɥɥīطݡ
˼ЦķҲ΢һ㡣
޾֮·ܻҵ취ģ
ڼīطݵ״̬Ҳָˡ
طĴɽ档
գǡϹͬ˵
СҪȥɽЦ˵ɽ᳤ˣȥɽȥһ
᣿
Ҳţ᲻缸𣿡
ǰϸ࣬Ǳ߱㽫Ƴˣ˵Ÿոտʼ
˵ֻˣҲʹˣȴû뵽ôܸϣĵòˣīطݵݸ磬Ǿȥһòã
ôˣ϶ֵģ
УСޣô࣬߶˿ô죿
ͳС̱úõڼš
һԵĸ첲żġС޲ܵȥǿͬһȥʱϸЩá
΢΢üͷͶ˷ͰؿĿ⣬㣬˵ĶԣǸһȥһԹԵزܵģߵǾ͸˵ǿٺ϶㣬ϰˣأҲһܱǵģ
ٲãСҲǺĺ÷ԱҲǿԱǵģ
褻ԥµʹУ㹦ηæôЩȥ᣿
㻹ûأô֪ûأھȥҶ㣬϶ͬһȥģ
˵꣬Ͱܣס
īطݿ˿褡
εݵܵȥɣǧԡС죬϶òӦҲӦˡ
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ϼ״ɵЦСܵܣС۰úܣ׸һ㡣
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ǰҲͦõģǸǼССͯ򡣡
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Ǻˮֵصһۣɱ˵ˡǶôСɲҵԧס
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ֻ֮ܶҪīطǼһգǵĵܵܣСֳôҲʲôͯͷȥ
Сź˵ǼīСɾǿεСģÿοҶСͯ·ģСúܣСһ𣬳ǲһ㡣ȻǼҲװװ˼С𣿡
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ǻҲСﶮôֱ࣬ˣٽ꣬ζЩڷĴüѵĸԭ򵽵ʲô
á㰢Ϣ𣿡
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褶΢΢һ٣΢Щ䣬ûС
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Сӣ㰢Ĵ
棺ԶԶԣǵĹˣ󱦱Ůԭµɣ


122 Ҫ

𻶻ϲϲȥ˶㡣
˵ȥĻ΢΢üԥһ¡
ĸ첲ţ㣬ѾþûиһˣѵôõĻᣬѵװ״𣿾һնѣᵢϰģ
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ҡˣŷǿͰ͵Ŀ⣬ջˣͬʦ˵һһա
̫ˣҾ֪ˣϲˣ
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Ӳһֱǣô֪Ծôණ
ݸСͳϱûԭ
СרСרƶ


123 Դ

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Сӣܲ˵ΪС棬ѾǰˣǣӦûڿʳǡ
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124 ˭С߶

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䣬󱳶ð亹ɲҶ֣±˷ԼѾѡ
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Ҫһ㣬СëӶѣһһǰץˡϵĽ䱸ɳڣٳҹ˳ȥ
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źоԽԽĽŲһ˲䣬˿ռ
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ϣ˭ҵСްô߶ˣҪȥҼ𣿡
һŤͷͶ˸ղ뿪ʱһЦס


125 ɵŷ

˾ͽ䱸
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126 ǼС´أ

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£ֻҪЩ˱ǼС𣬷ȫҪԲ˶ߣ


127 ݸ类

֪Լĵ׾Ȼô
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ΪѪԵϵīطҪЩ
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ʱҡ
ҿŮСŮϵѪҲ˺ôһδȼŮڣͲԾˣأ
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ҲǳĬһ·ƾ﷢һһͨŻǰ淽ɺߺīط˵ҵѲصء
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׷ɱ
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˻ɱ׷ɱߺֽҴΣһ赹ǰͼݱ˸ǿ°ˡ


128 ļң

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ѾڰҪָͷ뷨ҪȥİСˡ
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ֻǸ⣬νСӰȻͻ̫Ϫ
īһţɫڳīߵ뿪СٵĳǵһЩ֡׷Ĵ̿ѲСֻ»Сӻȥ;Уͻ
īԣɫҲ˵ͷš
ǼСӿȺ۵׵ķ⣬޲óҧһڡ
ƫѲĺܡ


129 ݸ类˴

һҹƺƽ
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Ȼӳ÷ת֮ʣپ˹ȥ
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پͦõģ˵ġһЩ顯ȻҲ²⵽˼֣㰲ϵĺ󱳣§Žͷ
ͦվ￴Сٯٯû³üŪ۵ѧһһ๫ԼöһؼƤ
ҲɫˬȥԼˡ
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СһһϣԱߵĸ¸˵¸£ݸѾˣҶӸң˴ϷˡҪҪȥݸ磿
⼸죬ҲǷýһ嶯ȥīطݡ
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տ㣬վĻɺε˹Դǰô˵İݸ綨µġԼҲýҶ׷ٹЩĶ԰ݵܵܲҶ²ʲôӦɣ
仰˵ҪˣȻҲᱻ֪˴Ϸˡ
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ֻǷԸûܣİС羹ȻôûУؼȥˣ
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130 ǲĹ

С˺ǽġ
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131 洫ҩҺʦ

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еģǲࡣճȥڣûüϻǵҵļֵʦôæΪ¼ֵˡ֣͵


132 ๫öϱȥ

ֵܣ
ڷ˵ϰ죬ܾﲻԾ
˿Լ׶㣬ֿ˿壬ͷʣڽҶ𣿡
ôһ˵һŷӦʲôԡ
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û뵽ԼҵҵʦȻһŮͽܣ
˲Ŀ⣬Ҳûа㲻˼̹Ȼ͵ʦҸǼѣΪΪͽġ˵Ҫ治ûһŮޡ
Ҳʲôֵ顣
֣֣꣬ҲȻ١
ȻҪǷ츳ҵʦôôӲգոŮͽأ
¹󣬻ԺİҲˡ
ΪˣԭԼסСݱڳ֣֣ס
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ļ˰ΣҲʦסţ˼ңͬסһݣÿһȥʦϰ䡣
֣֣λԺҲ˸ӣھʣ˵ǴԶıףݾǼҡ
ϾЩСطǺаʲôһԺġ
İ˺Ȼ֣ض˵Ļɡ
մ״ʵĽͣӵĽַҲŽյġ
ֻҲ֪ôʹ˷ͷ
ڼͷ̥ͦŸӶƳˣе÷ţ˵Ҽֵܣʱ۷⣬ܵĸǱ߿ʼ
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һ⻰ȷʵɫѿޱȡ
ǡôͷĸǰҵĻʱɫ΢䣬˽ȥ
Ϊ޹ЩʱգȽϹ˳Էӿ˵ƴӣӰ۶ڵԵʣҲûϣټϸռ޹ڶգ͹ȥƸ˳вּױ͵˷ӵԷӶҲ⡣
ԼҲ˵ͷӦһ䣺ȥˣô۶
๫ȥ򣬶ϱһ·ʱȥһ˴ɩǱߣ˿ֶŮ
˵⻰Թ۲Լĸɫ
Ȼ⻰ɫѿ˼֣һۣСɷСѾͷƬҲһʡ͵ĵƣȥôڿʲô
ϼĸҪļ󣬶ʱ˵òУֻؿһۡ
ԴͶԷֺԣ÷վͬԱȣ˵ʲôֵ֪ܶ࣬ģ˼ûûܵģһʮֵܡ
ﰵﶼڳòǮТĸ
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ҲԹƿҲĻᡣ
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ͼӴסɿǷǿó飡
ӷ˻𣬷Ҳæֵǰãǰﶼ˵˶ٴˣɩһӶǴɷģȥͷɷؼײ˰Ҷĺӿô
ײ
϶ʱɴۣŵؿŷϡ
û뵽沾ôĿŵˮ
ĸһϵĻɫѾס
΢΢üæ͵ʵ๫Ҷȥɩߵġ๫˵ɩ¶ĸôǣҲǷҵѪ๫Ҳ˵˴ɩ˱ֵܵ£ȥǰⶣȥأ
۶ȥģ
һԼӵ⣬Ҳ֪Ҫôˡ
Ķ⣬СӵǲС
ߴСͱţĸ֮Ҳûͬ϶ǰ׽
ڷپӣӻǾô˼ǸΡ
ȻҲѾȥ˵һôõˡ
ϵˣΪŮɲ˳µȥ̳ĲƲ
ɫʼݣϼ˰Ѿ˵ǰ๫ʵҲΪ롣Ͼֻʧ٣һմˣԼ޶ӹòãٲҪ԰ƫģֻ۶๫޶ܲʡ
๫˵ˣ֪ͬɩЩᡣΪҲȥ˵ʲôǸĻֻǷ޶ˣŰﻺᣬմˣҲи˵ͷ


133 ϱϱķ

ŤͷһԼĸ
ӹȻɫжǵü˳ۡϣӶ˼֡
ϵĻֱӶԴӵǵģȻûֵ˵Ļˡ
ϲģزһ䣬ϱôͣôɩǰ˵˵ͣôɩŵǰƽסĵطҲ͸ӣ󼸸ˣȻһεТûСѲҲڵŰǸȥ
ʲôǼҪǸˣ
ӸЪȥĻһֱɫѿһӡ
Ҳģһ
ģ˷һۣƤЦⲻЦǳȻȥͬǸʲôɩȴԣͷڷĴʱɩҲͬɩйᣬҲûͬɩ⿪
һ֪ɩƽվŵĶ񣬶űԼﻹҪáҺ๫˵¸ɶɩǣͷɩӲ㣬ҲǿϾ氢﷢ǣҲܹ㲻ǣֻǶɩܷԼ죬ʡú²ţ´ǧ֪ˣͰ϶ԹˣǶɩˡ
㡢ʲôѲɶߥŰС˲ˣϵһαôͷָɫһࡣ
ϲߵ࣬һߴŷӵļһ˵ƽҾĳ̸۹˵Լ׺õģǶҲТģǷּҳȥĴ磬ʱҲʱʱͶТ
ʹɩϣĴٲ˽˵ŰϱԶϱһ㶼áϱ޵Һ󣬲֪Ҳǵ;˵ԶϱǶ֮ġ
һͨƨ
ԼЩƮƮȻˡ
˭ϲû
رͷû˵Լǵӡ
Ҳɵӣûϱﰵ˼˵ϱߥţֵô
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һܻ֪ôϱӣТ˳¶Ҫۿۡ
Ӻӣѻ˵ãǷϲŻҹϵԽ
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걳ּΪТ˳ؿʼȣѷźġ
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ʵȷʵʲôСˡɩǲ֪ô˵ôõˣƫƫȢ˸ôûõϱҲȢ͵͵ȢУΪôܸҴѵĴȴûһѾͷƬӣ
ҲͰˣҪߥҴŸʲô̶ӣֵҴڶ֪ʱܻͬžۡ
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ĵ˵ĹȻû
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ʲô
۸¶һɵģôȫĹ
ԽԽյõҹͶ̥˺졣
Ҳѷϴһҹܳȥ˴򡭡


134 ֶ

˴ҹͣ
ǱߣҲŰķپ˻
๫
ϿŽپӭ˽ͷ磬˶̲סһ¡
پɫܲãһȲϣɩôˣ
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ЦӦõġһȥ˴ɩǴ˼ǡϴúǶܵ˾ţԴɩһԺ
һԺ
پһһӶŮ죬ʲôһԺ
ɩҲΪ˺ǡ๫ɲð֪ﶼΪɩԶء
š
پĵӦһϵ֣״идȶ飬ɩ̥пվȥ

ĵһٸһǧġ
Ҳ֪Լ๫ƷУ֪Ҷɩжڡᷳ
ȴòͷӦãվͺͰһȥ
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Ϊ˲żѾͷӱ˺¡
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Ժʹ׶׷ȥЦţ³˰òֺ
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ǾүĽ㣬ţǱĳǺպǷˡ
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ǴħˣαظһδɵС޼ƽôࡣ
ʱ˿̣δɵСޣﻳ
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֮ǰҾǸ˵ģɺˡֻҪŤͻŵȫԵΣ
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ֱӰѵָ˰㣬ôʵá
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ǣ
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׽ٻԶˣԷ֮ܵǺʹġ
Ǵͷ˱õ󣬵ڵϳ鴤Ųʡµģ֪Чжວˡ


135 ֶ

С챦飬ҪѡͶ𣿡
ɺңСԴ
ҵҲǱסˡ
֪СŮȲѲŽչŮǰ
Ҳ˵ѺŮǡ
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⵹Ųε⡣㣬һ죬㱩¶ˣˣߵ֣̽챦ʱ򣬻ðѺͽǱ㽻챦ʱô죿
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ҪĴ𰸲
ͷ΢΢üʲôﲻŰܾ𣿡
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֪ˣ챦鱻֪ǶΣǲǣ
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ĻܹˣһҪѰļһ£
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СŮԽԽصɫͷ̲סһ£ܾòԾ˼ˣ
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ԻҩѻҪ˭ѽ
ôãһ˵ʱòУʦǰо滰ҩˮ˾ͻ˵滰Իҩһ𣿡
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ҳòУ޲ŹŮҪѧ˽һЩ¸ΪԼǡ
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СŮҲһüչ˵ǰһޱǻá
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룬ǻջΣߡ
ͽܣȻΪʦȲҪԼĶ̸ȻһԵѧ˲٣ֻûһܳɹˡ
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Ҽ״ɫ΢䣬æץϵĲˮȴȥǻűˡ
˺ŷֽһŵĲλѾڣճһ߽ǿӡ
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ȴҿǲȻһöûСС磬ֻܷŵðɡ
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ҿЦõķĺ󱳣𣬷Ѿʮֺˣ
һѣֲʲôõģ֪ǰ˶Ҹң
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Ҿ͸оŮһӾͽӲסˣɫ΢䣬ôˣ
ǶҰѷֽ
ҼСŮӻתҲ˵岻öҲ治ѡ
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ǾͰЩķָѺͽǰɣ


136 ϴȶ

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137 ˹

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143 ˮѾͷҪ

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147 ûټ

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仰˵ĳǾǷĵ̣ȥˣһӾǰԼŵ˼ҵȥ׸
Բ鷢
ĿԷ褵褶ȥﲻȥĳǵġ붯ǽһͷ
΢΢üǰȥΣѾˣζţǹùڱصáӡӵԽԶԽã򣬶սٵǵͷϡ
ʲô˰
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һҪңȻͬޱȵ˵ǿɵúúһˡ
ĩˣ̧ͷ褣СҪͬ˵ȳȥ𣿡


149 ȥط

֪Сܶࡣ
褺Σһۺ󣬾߳˷䡣
Ҳ⣬æӿռó˽Ҷӣ˵ɣӦҡԣܰҵǾͰȥڵĵطɣ
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СŮĻͷһֱؿǽҶӣþòܻ񣺡ܰҵ
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ҿСŮԾԾԵģЩ̣𣬻ϣȥأ
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ŸСһؽԼס
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ȥطʲô
һҪĻҪӱĳѺطǣھֵҵģҲʦԳģԾʦһڣʦӦˣҲһϡ
˵ţЦǾټҰǨĻǿԳͬھһͬϡ


150 ݸ粻֪ô죿

ͬھһϣ
ǸõϢ
ҵҲԥˣͶ˰ȥĳǡ
Ȼȴֹ˺üΣֱȺǶ뿪ͬҿڵСӣҪңҲǮڣûǮˡ
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ģǸھֻ֣Ҫһá
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֣ٻͷָطǣ˼ͺ˰?
˴׹׭µĻңбб̫ε֣ЦЦȻе󣬵ǰݸ϶ϵóдģôһ֪д˼ǣǰȥطǣ
Ҵչ˿СŮ̺õ֣ʱĴˡ


151 ѶϢ

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ΪǰͿʼɰܵĻʹǱĳǵĴӣʦ˵ھִӱĳǳһҪϱĳǸھֶϵģϢ©ȥǽ˱ĳǣȴ
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ұǿ˯ȥģСŮֹʧЦһ䣺ôѲɰǰĵطܲһ𣿡


152 ھ

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153 ӵ˭

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⻰˷ܵСһӾͿ˵ĻǶû˾ɥɥģί˵ȥ䶼𣿡
˵˲У㲻ˡ
ɲ﷢ֻùԹסԼŲֵģڼѧд֡
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ҶЦŵ˵ͷҲͬСӴкҲˣͽǡ


154 ģ

Ҷ͵͵Լȥġ
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Ҷ꣬Σ֣ҽҲûգԶˣҪóȥ䣬²ͬˡ
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157 ˣ͵һµĹ

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158 룬˺үү

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159 һֶʤ

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164 ӳ

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165 ı

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167 깷

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168 Ҳͬ

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169 ֻǮɱ

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170 ټݸ

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Ϊʲôһ䶼ûУ


171 ߰ݸ

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һ룬һССӰʧͩ
īطֻһΣôһ˲ʧظкȻոУܿľһνʵˡ
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ǰõġǬͷ
𿴵űɢĶæýߣݸ粻۾Ŷûã
š
īطȻܿק졣
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׼𣿡
ˡ
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⡢Ǭͷ
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ãǬͷ𣿡
ǰ滹Уǰݸ粻ת˺öʦĶء
վĸǰٴס֣һīطֻǰһڣѣһ˲䣬˾³
īطݿǰǽڣգգ۾·ղſĶǻþһӻûת໹ͨͨš
ֻʣһ뷨СùȻǬﾹȻȪ
Ȼ뵽һ飬һɻ˺ܾõ飬ؿŷ𣺡ãǰҺȵģرϪˮʵǬȪˮ𣿡

û뵽İݸ羹Ȼǵ⵵飬ʱһȣҲüƭ˵ͷǰҲǸˮðݸ˲γǲǺ
īطص˵ͷǺǰãȪ̫ˣĪ֪ˡ
ţ˰ݸ㣬û˭֪ˣҰҲ֪أ
Ǿͺá
īطս˫ȭĻϵЦⶼˡ
ҪǬǳ֪ܲ𣿡
ܼ򵥵ģʦҵĻ˯׭
˼ŻûԵĻɫֽݸīطݿ
ֻҪһϣǸͻ˯ȥ
ô棿
īطݸȤˣҲһ£Ȼ˲ô죿
ҲķֽͻȻʧЧ˿īطݣٺЦЦǰݸ£
˵꣬СצӷɿģͰһŷֽīطݵؿǰ
㡭
īطεس˳ǣҪ˵ʲô͸оһǿҵϮƤƲסϣһµȥ


172 ˭ҵСɾ

æһ˺ؿϵķֽ
һ̣īطݵĴԲŽѹæվֽô𣿡
𽾰ЦЦǱģʦƷƷ
īطڷ̫ĶˣѾֲֻ֣һͷõʦôˣȰѧ֮󣬿϶ɣ
ھȥ¥ɣ
һ׼ڻ˸ֻ֣ҪīطϺˣƾСҲܰѰǸȳ
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īطݼŷ˼
ī߼ǿűͼòеĲûֹͣ
Сʲô񣿰ˣ
Сӣī߰
ﻹҩ
ţȥץҩҲôʱ䣬˭ĲһīطݾͶˡ
һˣһ߾īһҪǻֱӰж˿ˡ
òҵˣȴһ˵ģīͷˡ
īطݰСѷҲʶʲôīߣϴˣ
˵꣬ŷԱܿ
ī߼Сܲͷܵ죬ʱߡ
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Ҫīط·ֻϵģﻻϴҲԶ֣Ҫƭȥˡ
ī߿СȥķҲûż
ô˵ֻҪţһ߾Ϳˡ
Сϲϵ⣬īһʲô˵
īطݺͷܳȥԶŤͷǸīߵ˲û׷ͣ½Ų
֣ݸ磬Ǹǲȥ˰СӰ
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֮ǰͶ⣬¶ٵĻв֮˻֣뾯Сġ
ͷһӲóȻ£һǸīߵǻˣˡ
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ۣô𣿡
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У
īطݿһۻ¥ſڣŷȥ
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Щץף϶ҲŹģֻҪȥͶˡ
ΪʲôҪѡأ
ΪӺϺ·ߣܵʱ򷽱㣡
īطݶһ󣬾ȥˡ
СӺҰĵžž죬һֵذŸˣ˭ծģҪ
ŵǸĴͷʱ¶Ӷ֮ɫڿīطһ˲䣬ЦøһջƵġ
Сͯһн£ôǷǸӡ
ɫҲǣȤһ䣺
ϣ˭ҵСɾ˭أ
ܲϲӶīطݿĿ⣬ǰӣɤӻصҹù÷ӣң챻Ǽҹ´ģҵѺ㣡
ŵһ⻰ֲסϸϸ˷һţЦСѾͷڳݵǻ¥û˵ЩˣǴ˰ɣҪϽȥ
˵ţͲضСӻ˻֣ϡ
ҲûǴǱ˴ߵģ
ÿǰһҪꡣ
æҲûʲôɫѾͷǷʰǰɣ
ţɤӴ󺰣ſңҪףҹùãء
Сӵɤϸôһ¥ĹǶҪˡ
ӼæȥסͣīطҲûţӵ֣һ𺰣ſãӣſã
ӱóʹû뵽һСôҪīطƿʱ򣬺Ȼͷһŭȡ
ʲô£òùϢˣ
ӻһŷͬСޣҪԺ壬˵ʲôģ˵Ǵùá
һ⻰Ŀ䵽˷ϣСϵĺɫ̥ǣЦˣǴȷʵôСŮ


173 Ұȥأ

īطݱ´ˡ
ڼ䣬ҲôĿīطݺüΡ
׺ݵصһСͰ׵غʲôûСͯһСɾ
µҲû⣬ֺǺǵûÿСɾ
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µ⣬ֲҡ
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׷ʵҰأ
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ӵԺӾǰ棬ȼ˴˵
·ˣץɿ
ҧгݣһһ౻ǣߵīطݡ
īطһֱڴܣ⻨¥Ժ䣬ǰԺǸ¥ԺǴԺĺſڽģ´ǴԺ˶ĶԺ
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һԺŴ򿪣ִŷīط˽ȥ
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ҲԲŴ۾һ䣺ùãỵ̈һ۾ϳˣ
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ҪùһȥطǼǵ£
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ѽùãҰǸҲǣϾ˵Ҫ͵̫Բίھֵ˳ȥطǡ
ġ
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˵ǰ˵ùСʱͱˣǻҰҲһҲû档ҰͰףûҳôͷһμԼĹùأҪңҶҹùá
ͷۡ
û뵽һСѾͷôݣ˵˵ϡ
ͷܵȷʵ֡
ȷе˵˷پԷҵ˶û̫ĸоʲôˡ
߰ͱˣ¾֮ػ켣ҲһС޸Ūȥġ
ֻûʲôͬˡ
СѾͷСС˼ǲ١ΪҾܷĸŮȥˣ˵ˣ⻨¥˭ȥġֹǣվߵСɾ뿪
»Ϳһվһ¡
ᣬ˽С˽һץһС޾ק


174 

īطݱȥˡ
ʷӣӣСޣҪôţ
ƣش˸Ƿ̫Ѩȹһɣ˯ٴȰŮˡ
µͷס

һߣһֱڷīطīߡ
СŽǱĳ̻֮ػ¥ĺԺû°͡
˵СȥĶã
߰ĵطܣ
īֱУҪֱӰ°ˡ
һ뵽С̬ȣѡĬĬں棬͵͵˻¥
ĸ֣뵽˷ֻǼ򵥵ġ
ԼСӺŮޱŽһԺûһͱ˴³ʱǶ̲ס鴤ʵڸ㲻СӵЩʲô
ڲûʲô֮ǣҲûѡ֡
С˰С޹һҲε⡣
ͷ
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С
īط͸ӵ¡
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ī߿þ棬ĵСѾͷӻͦġ
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СҪȥĶҲ㶼档
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ΪõƽУټֽſ죬һӾ˽ȥұڻ
ôˣ
褿ŷΪ괰ԼСæó־˲
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Ťͷɨһ·䣬ȴûɺ
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񣬻Ȱ˵¶ɡ
ӵһתקקҵֱۣʾѶչ
һСŮļƻȲѣ취ĿУ
пУѾҰݸԹˣ
ݣˣ
ǰݸҲڱĳǣûиأ
Ҳý̫࣬Ϊо߿ˡ
æͳֽ˷褺ӵϡ
˼̻˯ȥͽ˽ӿռ
ûŮһ֣ʱе㱻ŵأ
Ҳȥ֪ˣȥ֮󣬰ͬѴԭز
á
ûаԥѡСŮȻ͸оһʧأǰһڣ͵һȪԱߡ
˶װռͷ󣬾óӣشӴ˳ȥ
æؾܻȥīطݻˡ
īطݼæʣôˣ
˵Ǵ㣬֪㵥صȥˣһҪȥ㣡
īط΢΢üСĥһ£ߵĻͱʾʮֿأǿ˿϶ܶ࣬ǿûô׾Ͱˡ
ô찡
Щżˡ
īطڵ΢΢һʵиӣ֪㱻ѺС취Щա
ҧĿʮּᶨܶྪգҶҪȳ


175 ҰǾ

īһͼԼСӺСѾͷһǽˡ
֮СӰܡ
⻨¥̻֮أ߶˲࣬ﲢϤС޴ȥǺױײ
īⰵй۲ʱͼһҶСܣҪʱͱӳȥʯͷ˹ȥ
С֪޾š
ī߸һһİӣʲôˣҵûͦѾġ
ףǰôиﰡ
ī͵͵ִεġ
īطôһ˵Ҳͷ˹ȥܾﲻԾ˵
ִڵԺǱߣȻε
֣
īطݣݸ磬ôô˰ǲʲôڵǣ
īطšüɫ˵
īڲԶС̵ĶԻ
ֱӳȥ˵ɵأ
īҲСܸϽ̻֮뿪ԥһֱȥߵС̵ĸǰ
ˣ
𿴵īʱīطݵţҪ´򲻹ֱӶռˡ
ī߿Цãæֽ͵治ǻˡ
īطݣֳϿҵСӣʲô˶԰ɣЩ˶Ҵεģҿ԰ˣٶȸһ㣬ܰǶ⻨¥ȥ
īطԣ
īطס˷С֣յС˵ȷʵ书ӣҪǾһ
ִī߼ۣīطݵݸġ
īطһĿͶīߣ°ͣ˵ȻҪæҲˣǷһ飬Ҫ㣬зɺ챻˴⻨¥ģǸൽ㿩֨ôߵʮ
īҲǿЦãԼСӣȻ֪ʲô״ǵһµˣȴ˳ŵ㣬Ȼ
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𿴴ˣһŻīطݣݸ磬Ҫȥ𣿡
īطݼī˳˼ţȥȡ书ôȥģ϶ܰǰȳ
ŵˣðײá
īطûаŷԭѺǵķȥˡ
ڷɺأ
ɺԼҲ
ȺǷֿ֮ͱһ壬ʱȴЦû֦չָˡ
һ֬ζķ䡣
ͷмѾæš
ֶǶ˼󣬾ȫ뿪ˡ
֮긾Ůɺ·ɺŵڷͷܣɫɷףѿ
Ů˿ܣҲ¶Ѱɫ
ΪɺǷӵŮ˵׼ͽҵĹϣҲ׶֣˵ɺǼСʲôԲеΪ
ֿۣԼڽķɺҲӲʩȰǻ·ϴӰˣǲʲô飬αҪǲϹԹϵĻټǣɾѿ
ǷɺѨ
⻰嶶øˣҧŵҲҲһͷģ
ּô˵ãҲˣɺһѵ죬ͷͻǰڲ
аɣţǾͿ˭ʱ࣡
ͣŤͷʹ뿪˷䡣
ɺ¼ˣ˫ϥڽ
īٶȺܿ죬߱˻¥üطǰԺ˷ɺټ
⻹ǴӼŮ˿е֪ģǡʲôӱһСͷ
īҲûԥֱӾʹĸˣץס֣Сﱻˡ
̣ŵֱʲô˵ˡ
ī߾һȥˡ
뷿󣬾ͿǸڽСзɺ
ɺûīߣϵ۶ؿ
æӦԶԶԣͽзɺǷӵŮʿʿĪҴˣɲǹĹ
ī룬ֱһֵ˸ˡ
ŵڵϵ֣ɺīߵĿӺ¾ˡ
īҲᣬϲʶһϳźɫ̥ǵСŮޣġ


176 ˵

ϳźɫ̥ǵСŮޣɲСð𣿣
ɺ׻һĨϲ
ȻӳȥˣǰǴҶæҵİ֣

⻰һʳڣī߾֪ԼüĿ续Сĵ׻̲ס̾ϢղŻ֣˵仰ˣȻСﰡֵ
Ҳ⻨¥С
ī߶˵²˳٣С㻹ͬ߰ɡ
á
ɺվϵˮīߵ
īߵɴԼ
ɺҲ⣬Ҳûԥƴǣſĺϡ
īߴӳˣ˴īطݵĸǰŻӵʱ䡣
ķ࿪ˡ
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û£أаǣǾȳ𣿡
С˵ȥ˵ģǿ϶µġ
ռأôܳ£
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Ҳ
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ī߿īطݣСӾأ
Сӣ
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īЦˣȥܼ򵥡
˵򵥣ɺЩŵģֱǴ¥ʱĻ
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īȴѾݵòУضīߣĺѧʲô书Խ̽𣿡
īߵѧ书ʺŮѧ
СһŶðɡ
īطݼɥɵۣæ˵ûϵģԺҲѧ书ѧ֮㡣
ˣָ˵˵úúãҾ͵Ȱݸң
īߣ
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˻¥֮Ҳ·˳ǣҲڳڶȰ͵˳ǽ£깷ȥ
Ҳ˳ȥȻƫƧλãŰѲڿռ˸ų
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ҳ󣬿ŮҲһǣӳˣ
˵ͷǰھڳͷˣ
˵˵ţȸһЩʣµľͷĳһҪ»ȥһˣȥ֣壬аѰݸ
ݣ
Ҳһ¡
СŮҲˣҲߣнҶӣܿҵǵģȻȥˣ
˵꣬ŵװ죬һûӰס
ЦˣΡ
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šǰı¿ɴأ
СŮĿռȻû߶Ҳܿһε棬жһЩϡŹֵĶǸʱ֪ԼСŮײ˶ٱ

ܿʹӹ˳ڣȻ󿴼˻Ǵīطݣ˵òС
īطȥھ֡
֣Գɻ׼Ͼ˵ˣ˵Ѿ˸ȳˡ
˶˼鼫ˡ
ֱֿͷվŵīߡ
Գɲû°͡
ī߾ؿһۣԳֻðԼư͡
˵ī߰æȵģգ޹Ĵ۾Գɣܲܰ
Գɣ
ĬĬؿīߡ
īŤͷһƨµģ
ԳʹõѪֻԼӳСѾͷ
СѾͷĵòˣīطݾ˵Ҫȥŵηһˡ
֣æסүﲻʲôæǵ˴ȳͺõģ֤ݸƽǴ˵顣㻹ǿЩǣͬ㰢뿪ȥطǰɡ
˵飿
򴽣īߣ壬˵ܽ𣿡
ī߸˵ܣͶСͬƵضĿ
С˼Ҫְæˣ
ĳǽңȷʵʲôһĻͻᱩ¶СˣС˵ǼΪġ
Ҫīһ֪Ļ϶Ҫʰ
Сӵ
ҪǲִУСӹָô죿


177 鷳𣿴

ī߳ͷͺ
īطݼ㲻𻰣Ϊ㲻ҲûǿԷ˵ûа취ˣֻܵǵļ˻ȥǸˡ
֣ҲѾ˳ȥ֪ͨҶңձջߵ顣
ǲǸˣ񱻹ǺĴɢùζҵֲ֪ʲôʱȥ鷳
ʵڷĲ֣ʣҿȥ𣿵ȼЩߡ
һȥ
īطŷС֣ᶨ
īߣ
СӣǸһؿջɣīһϾͻˣ׼ҪҸ˺
ԼССѾͷǸôһҪһǵӣ
뵽ֿܣīߵͷƤҪըˡ
ɲСӳǣ
ֻȥηٿһҶȷʵʲô¡
֣ҲӦˡ
ֻǺܲɣԭҶʦܵͷֵҪȥ͵뷨ˡ
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ī߽͵Ѿ˻൱ֵʱ䣬ԻηģСӷĽȥ˾ͺá
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á
˶ŵˣȥȻǳͨ衣
ټҶʱɫ糣ûбŰʵĺۼ
Сôˣ
Ҷ΢΢üȥ㰢𣿡
˵ǶҾȳ磬ȥûзѽ
ҶҡҡͷûУҪҶҪҵҸ׻ȻСѾȳˣǾͿ뿪ĳǰɡ
ҶȻһСȥ
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īߵôҵˣΪ׵Ǽҵүɡ˭鷳ģֿ죬˸ɴȫŵˡ
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īߵⱱĳɱˣʲôĳ׸ҹӣҲͨ׵Ĵ̿ûʲôȻ鷳Ҫô鷳ֶΡ
У
Ҷֹīߵλ顣iЩ鷳ﲻҵϻ֮ǰңұû顣ϾھֵڱĳǻЩã֪Ҳ׶ҡ
ŶǾɸһأû鷳¾ʱˣ
ô˵
īˣīطһСأ
īط˵ĶԻҲ׹ī˵ĴҪɱˣҶ˼ѵͺãǲɱ
ɫ΢΢һ䣬īߵ˵ͷͰ˵İ졣
īˣתͳȥˡ
ʱü仹ûɢ˵ɫ°ڣ赭д߹ǣֽţԴָܻ
Ҷ
λȻǸˡ
Ŀⲻؾīطݵϡ
СôĻ棬ټģףŽôҲʲôͨ˵ӡ
ôСûʲô⡣
ҶҲͲˣߴŷЩ뿪
Ϊī˵ǽҹһ٣ʱڲ鷳ټҶǲãһҲܾջŷĵˡ
η󣬾ֱӴīط׼ǡ
ֻīط׼깷ʱī̲סˣСӣҪСѾͷߣīһϾҪˣ
īطݰСޱؿҲŲʶʲôīһ·ûȥͻȥɣǺڣ
īߣ
Сӣʧˣ


178 ȫ

īطǴ⣬ī߾Ʋϵͷһˡ
˵⻰˹һ뷨ӰǹϣȻī߹
īվڹǰͷһſʯͷСӵ˼ҲǿЦá
СӣӲŵı£δҲˣ̫ˣ
ζֹԼСӸСѾͷˡ
īҲΣֻȥԳɣؿջīһ˳Ŵ
֮żææس˳ǣ׷īطݺͷ
*
¥
껹û˯治ػ߶죬ɫѿ
ô£
źСѾæ˵˵¥ﶪˣԺţ˵ͷȥˡ
Ƥֹ䲻õʵ˭ˣ
СѾ߿ĿİͰͣ춼û˵
ȥˣ·ߡ
¼Ҳ֮ɫ˵ӣմһӻб͵һԺСȫܵˣ
ʲô
ƣһϢŵöʱһɨգԲ۾µ죬ҧгݵˣǶ𣿾ƾǸҪŮˣܴһ̫źѾͷƬӷ߱˲ɣ
¶ͷð亹һ߲һ߻صչСҲˡ
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СҶҲǮð˵ģɱˣүڴϲʡأûչ¥ǵ£
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īһԣɫһʲô飿СӲǻ𣿡
վԱߵĺҲЦһǼСӣɻõúܣŶˣֻôī߸ȥˣ
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Ȼܱ¶СӾⱱĳǣҲô·
û¥˼Сӣᱩ¶
īһź󣬱Ťͷ»ҪȥһЩ飬鷳ƹڴԵƬ̣һҶϣȥ׷СӺīߡ
һЦ㣬ǱСβģżʲôأ
īһƹˡ
û˵ԳɸϽԼȥˮôõ·ˡ
īһȥ¥
ҹĻ¥ƻ貣ֱǱĳ۵һԶְ¥֮Ҫѷɫ֡
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Ƭ̣ԺһԺɧң˺͹ǺӴܣײ˶ٵȼĻ棬ҫۣĳĳЩ˵Ҳһͬ


179 С

Ǻ󣬷īطݸŽҶߡ
ɫҲˣûʲô¹⣬ڵ·ͨ˵ߵļЩ
ڷȴ㰭£ӿռһֵ̫Ͳīطݵôʹá
ذťһ򿪣ǿһɲīطݶˣؿССֵͲô쵽ɢôĹâȻǰʮ׿·ˡ
ֵͲҲ̫ܵġ̫ܵ˼ǣֻҪɹɹ̫ˡ
ĩһ㶼ʧЧһЩ½ĻأҲĵط
Դ󲿷ռʣ̫ܵľӶࡣ
ռѵĶֻ಻٣ֻҪʱŻȥҡ
īطﴥֵͲʣҲʦģ
ʶ˱жǬóҲֻǺӶࡣ
Ѿͳһ˿ھڿռ䣬ЩӿռóĶҪ˵ʦġ
ǰʦҿɶöˣ
˸ֵͲīطͬģһһںҹţٺЦݸ㿴û¹ӦҲ·Ҷָķ򣬰ߵĲԶӦúܼܿ
ӱĳӳ󣬿϶Ҫһ·ȥҲ̫Σˡ
īطݼŪֵͲÿģæס˵һȻɫѱ·ûˣű·һεױ˶ϵġ
ŶŶݸ˵Ķԣ
æ˸ֵͲգգ۾һҲ̫ȫҪǻǻɻѰɣ
īطֵͲе㲻ãΪ˷ˣҲֻʹͬ˷Ľ顣
ռҲлѣֻǸеСӾһ·ۡ
Է˻ѣӿռóߡ
ǰȥɻʱõģʱóոպãȻеڶĸоܱڰҲûкðɣ
ֱӰѻ˶أ
̣ռʱ򣬾Ͱߵݸīطݣ˵ݸ磬ǴֵͲͺˡ̫ˣʺţˡ
īطݿһߣȻٳªŤȴãҲոպá
ٺ٣ݸ㿴ҳ󲻳󰡣
ó󡭡ԣ˵ߺóˡ
īطݿѾߵķĵòУͳֵͲһһǰš
˵߶Ǵ˼û֣г˿ԻΪԼײСˡ
رСлķ˵Ĺơ
ī߳ϰ䣬ҹһ˫
ڵ󣬾ʹṦķȥ׷ҵСˡ
ٶȺܿ죬ֻûƼСӺǸСѾͷײ޵СŵһģûԵ
ֻīطݵŻعԼСӺСѾͷٰġ
ϴŵĶߡ
īһ麹ҲֱӳֵСӵǰ
ԶԶʱҲ̲סСŵʲôȻܷǰҹ黹濪ء
ŷֵͲ˺ð죬ֵͲҲԽ
ֻһСѾͷѽһһ䣬û˰ϴóȥɹ̫̫ˣüȥɹɹˡ
ɹ̫
ī߾治ѣССģܷǿɹɹ̫ܼˣ
⵽ʲô涫
īѾˡ
īطݼֵͲϨˣͰԼĵ˹ȥãɡ
һأ
ִӿռһֵֻͲٺЦ˵ǳģһֱٶʮĸСʱأţʮʱ˼
Ҳģīطݽʲôе磬ʲô̫ܡ
ǰͬ˵ġ
īطýζ
βīߣȴ󾪲ѡ
侹Ȼܰ׵̫ռʹãɰɣ
СѾͷʦ·ɣ
īԽ룬Էɵø߿˼֡
ܱͽܵˣСѾͷҲͨСŮ
ݸ磬ǰиջҰӦþЪˣǿȥɣ
˿һʱС̶ֶ
ջȲ˽ȥ
СſںȻޣŵòûȥ
ҲīطݷӦæժϵߣ¶ݣǾµò֮ͨôǮ˼ҵСӡ
Сֻ龪һ
ЦǺǵǰѯʣλСҪס𣿡
˵ģǵûסĸŮˣһλţĸŮ
СһīطݵĻˣУպУ¥ϡ


180 ҵ

С˴ȥβںͷī߲̤ջš
ƹ˵ҰһСסĸڵķ䡣
ϣ
ƹǮ͸˷ơ
īҲżȥ¥µ˼ݳʳǳ
¥ϣ˼˵ķɼˣһûסӾ͹
ۡҺͰݸ缱ææظϻûгԶأء
ҼСŮһίҲææõСİæЩʳ
īطҲһԡ
ҡѺͷ褺ͷɺվһԿ˳ԡ
ݵܵܲǺͼ˻ؼȥôڱĳ⴦
褿īطݣֵһ䡣
¶֮ǰߣҲûͣԴҲīطݵĺȻ֡
īطݺֳ࣬ӣ׼ڽ͡
һԵķȴ˻˵ݸˣҲ֪ԼôڱĳǣһīߵҰݸ磬˵ǰݸȥģݸûӡǸīǻˡ
īǲǽվҵǸ磿
ɺæʡ
˵ͷһڽͷػص
ɺˣǿǻˣǽī𣿸ͬϣǼġ
ЩҲ˼һīطݣʣˣ
īطݵ˵ͷһԵķŻصϻǼңȻͱɵһһľ񲡣۾ͲǵԼɵʱʲôݸÿ
СŮϡŹֵĲ֢ݴʣҲˣ֮ǰȷʵôһ£ϴҲʲô
λīߵġʿҲûǹ
īط˵ǴӳǽµĹ󣬾˦Ӧûɡ
𸽺͵ǣݸҲû֪˵ĵǼٰһðĻأݸ糤ôÿһȺ˷ӿô죿
ҪСŮ۸ˡ
˷ӻô˵˾;
ЦãҲ˵ס
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ңСŮ˵˰˦ڱĳһ㣬ҲòС
λīѾ׷˿ջ⴦
ֻΪ㣬ûֱ¶档
Ȼݾ͸һˣ
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īطݱЩ˼㾭ϲͰõСҲûʲô
ɺĻϸչȥһȻīط˲١
۲ѵͷָ˵ˣ˵ǲ֢Ź֣ǰڵùǺöԵ㣬һ
ֻδҪ·ϣҲ油ˡ
ţллСӡ
īطصл
Цţû˵ʲôˡ
С̳꣬ҲһҺ߳˷䡣
ǳСʣСīСɾߣ
ҵ߲˶ԶЩ˾ͻϹġʵҲûʲôϴΰߵôæûͰú÷ֱ˻ᣬǺúôһɡ
ԣȻЦ
ֵؿ裬Цʲô
СӻΪСǶ˼īСɾǼСͯأ
Һûصһ㣬ô˼롣ƣǿСޣҵıŮǵ˼ˣ˸¸ֻ׶죬аݣ˭ù԰ݣҲǶԼĸ㡣ôҵԧף
ӰһԴͣС˵ĶԣҺأҲôû˼
ҿЦãʲô˼ûСֻҪҵĹŮǿֳҪʲôҲԼȥѡ񡣡
Сô˵ֻˡ
Ρ
Ҳ˵ʲôˣתһ䷿ȥˡ
īǡñűߣ˵Ļû°͡
ûɣ
СӸ̥ǵСѾͷͯ
ī߳˳ǣеҪīϼ⻰Ǹʲôı顣
СѾͷȻݲǳ࡭
ˣûӰǲҪ˼ˡ
СӺСѾͷǺúõ
ī̾һīһԼʱջĻƾһ·ļǺţ֮ǰӦҵ
ͷɵķԣȷʵСӸһӱϡ
̫ϪǱߣȫڵСӻȥ


181 ļ

ΪͿͷīطݺ˯һ
ӽҲǱˡ
ĳͺ˯ˣǺڴϵķīطС̶ղ۾
ݸ磬ǸīģҪǻȥ𣿡
˯ţԾʹӴīطݡ
īط룬˵ӦҪģ彫͵Ĵʱ򣬾ͬ˵ҪȼӣһؼȥҲ̫ã游߲ȫġ
ףΪʲôҪ˵ȫѲ˶˰ݸ𣿡
īطҡҡͷҲ֪ɡãҪˣ᲻ҸˣҪҵĻҾͲȥˡ
ģ
ĵֻнļ룬ǽ𾫵ļ仹Ǻܺõģ
ţʲô
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߲ʶԼ˵©ˣæС죬ٺЦҵ˼ǣܷʲô飬ҶܰѰݸǵġûֻ绰֮ģǻܹдŰݸǵ游𣿡
̫ǵˡ
īطüͷҲ⡣
ҵļȷʵ٣Ҫԭ̫Сˣǲôࡣ
Ψһǵõľǣиܺúܺõľ˾ˣ˵˾˲ŵѧ˾ˡ
īط򴽣ƺ˺ܶ飬ȥҲô벻
ǲΪԽԽˣ
ɫãΪ벻游ҵĵַڿգ㰲οҲûϵǸīߣҾַһݸдŵģݸҲдŵİɣ
īطݿСŮһСƶػصᣡ
Ǿô˵ˣ
˵껰ʹŹǷˡ
īطҲԽ
һ˾ѵĺ£硣
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μİݸ类ö׺ܿµ׷ɱ˺صˣ㶪
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һòȴȻ෴
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Уöɱ
ǿҲ񿴲ڵϵīطݡ
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СһΡ
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Ǹ꿴һ޳ñҪߺöӡźɫۣվһŴ׳¡
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Ȼˣ
Сþϲʹ㿴ģ
תһɲˡ
ջĹ¥´
۾ʱ򣬻£ŤͷһԵīطݣȴվڴߵġīߣ
ء
ŵſھҪУȴۼֿī߸סС죬꣬СѾͷУûж⣬ǹǼСӶѣ
⻰˵ͷʾÿ
ī̫ѨһͻһͻģֻС˯û߱Ӷѡ
ȴû뵽ӾȻǼСӺǸСѾͷ˯һŴϣѵûͣŮ겻ͬϯ𣿣
īеģҩСӺӻλ˯
Ȼ˯ӲĳȷʵеίСӣСӵױίҲʲôˡ
ֻû뵽ҩ£ܴ˯ѹ۾С۾
Ρ
Сһ䣺ī塭͵߰ݸ
ī߿˿ԼСӲӵ֣ѡ˷ϣҡͷһ˵ҹСû߱ӣ˯ÿˣԸհơ
һô᣿ݸ˯ܺõģ
īߣ˯಻ãߵȥˡ
𣺡
Ī飬˯ȷʵãͽǶ˵öˡ
ֻǣīĶͷôôູأ


182 ǿס

īŲ˼ƻʧܣòڷֱĿ£īطݷŻصԭλãơ
ҲǸ֪֮ĺúӣԼٰİݸ´Ծͳͷˡ
λøīطݣԼ˯
˯棬ܸõĺλҹ˯Ƿ˸Ǳӵī۾С۾ˡ
ī壬ǰݸȥ
°īطݳѣСѯš
ī߱뿪ģСǳ֪Ŀ⣬֪ôľ͸ıˣ˴ߵĵذϣصȻҲƭСޣ
ŶŶīܸңݸﻹЩЩ˶԰ݸòѽ

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ѹ˵Сӵ游ңвڣСӺϧСӻȥˡ
⻰ǾͷĶˡ
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ǽ𾫰
ϱʢʱüԤ֪ΣɹԼա
ξ֣ϤĸоδҪ顣
īĻȴǳԾòУ룬һСô֪ôࣿ
ûش
СѾͷüͷ˵ī㿴ӣǲǻĻˣܴܲùܱðݸ𣿡
ī߱˵̫Ѩסˡ
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УҾ̫ˣҵøݸ׼һЩĶǿסҵðݸ翿ң
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īߣ
СѾͷĴģŻ˯ţͲʲô͵˵
һ˿ˡ
īҲټܿ뿪䡣
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ī߿˿īһ¶ɫ²̫УСƺǵһ·ˣͬɵ޶һһûڷɷǰ¶档
īһ˼ɫǾϢǶˣȥҷ̸̸Сӵ顣
ã
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īһĻɨһ۹ȥʲôʱҲϲòȡˣ
ī߿ҿûУֻϧѣϧûǼģз˵ŮòףΨСŮ
ˣˣҳɲҾ˵˵ûʲô⣡СǼСӹϵɺأ
ʲôϵīһһ
īЦЦҲȫ˵ûϵǰɣƣ꿴С꿴ϡָСӶСѾͷأȹ꣬׼СѾͷͳСӵķˡ
죡
īһһõؿ켣ˣûԽԽˡ
īӣⲻҲδأ
īһüмЦ˼Ǽúúøлˣ
ҿû˼㿴סŴˣҲɵˣϽȥ̸̸ɣ̸˺øϽ·ˣ
īһеĲ豭˳īָŵķȥȻͿ˶¥ӿͷ߳ҺĴŮ
Ž¥ֱĸŮȥ
Һͷ褱Ǵȥ¥õСЩʳģȴû뵽ճȱסȥ·
ĸŮһźµӣģǱˣǼСӳЩʱգܷƲЩ뵥̸ͬһ̸


183 ̫Ϫī

Сӣ
ҵõһӦ;ǰīطݵġ
īһɫ΢̶īһλīߡ
ĩˣֽīȡ˳ݵҵǰɱα
ҽӹصƣдһī֣½ǻ׭ġ̫Ϫ֡
Ǳ粻ģ̫Ϫīҵͷǰ˵
һ£û뵽īطݾȻ̫Ϫīҵˡ
ȴɫƵ˹ȥ̫Ϫīң˵̸㣬ǵǿͷɡ
˵꣬תݣԴŮ˵ȥС𷿼䡣
褵˵ͷͻݰѻ˯еķɺקȥ˸ڵĿͷ
ûˣŰīһī˽ȥ
Ҫ߰ݣҲֹм飬ǡ
ºɫ΢䣬Ȼؿˡ
īһɹ뽲
һѹס˫΢ĲʣҼλǿɼֻ˵ǿ֪
īһ£û뵽һ⣬Ҳֱӵδ֮ͬ
ɣ
ƺʱ˶סˡ
ʮǰһֱڴطǣ׵ĹְСҲܶԹٳЩְλ㶼û˽⡣
λá
ôģ
еѾȥô꣬ôֿܣҲ²边ȻϾȥˣ

ٳսİ㶼̤ʵףôôˣҼһŻĸŮ
գȻȦ
īһģƺҲʲô˵˲صģĴգʵ֮ǣϼҲЩ˸ڷߡ
Ҫʲô飿
ұīһĻ̬ˡ
ʲôգ֮ǡ
ڴطǶȻѵֵز
ԽԽ޲ھ͵طȥˡ
ǲģǲǻ磡
⡭
īһеΪѵؿңڷɣҲֻ֪Щˡ˲ҪȥطЩǰɣ
һӦīһī˵ľûˡ
֪ˡڰݣǼҰʽǾʹ߰ɡ
л¡¾ͲϢˡ
īһī֪Ȥ뿪˷䡣
ֻǸ߳ȥī߾̲סˣôⷽ˵ɫ̫ԾѲɷɴûϵ޶
īһҡҡͷ֪Լڵ顣
ģٹ¡
ֻȻֵ͹ī߰Եֿī˵ɷʣڴطǶкöǧС㶢šˣⷽɻʹطر輧У輧סīһ˵ⷽǲǰ輧ңŲдŻȥ޶Ҷġ
īһ̫Ѩݺݵһٻ˵˵죡
ī۾һɣ͹ԹԱ͡
ⲻ֪ЩȴѾӺķ褺ͷɺˡ
ɫѿ
ɺûô࣬ɻ˵ݣͼŲæؽ˰ڵĿͷ
ɺҪȥģû߽ȥžͱת褸ˡ
Ȧģ뷽顣
Ůæ˲Լ۽ǣ򶨵ʣͰݿˣ
š
ߵǰŵ۾ƽʣͷ˵ķɣǰ𣿡
û뵽ⱻŮˣЩǳص˵ͷǰڴط˹١
˸輧ңԲŴдһŻĸŮ
褣
ҾȵؿŴŮں˵ʲô
ɫɷף˫ȭһһ䣺ˣղ˿˵ģڴط˸輧
ܣˣһˡ
Լ๫ƷԡΪˣܱ͵͵ֹҵ
ЦΪʲôܣͲҽˣûлعһţǶΪѾʱͻһīطݣšīطݵҲۣûô򵥣أûһŻʺŮˣʲôɣѾ˲𣿣
ҲֻɵĻΪһֱͶϡɪ
ÿ˵һ䣬ҵɫѿһ֡
طʲôģҸܼ꣬ĸջ󣿡
ðɣһ˵סˡù˵İʲô飬ųٳٲҸдţ
褣˵ˣ
޿̣۾žһӣվǻھţ˵ǰԲˣ
ִֻԲ
ͷʲѣԴЦһأǸô죿


184 

̫꣬ˡ
ʣûжҡɹ
ҳĬˣٺͷȥ
褾ţԼ˵ĻѾ˵ˣͿԼôˡ
֪ж顣
ʧȴѾܹˡ
ڷ褵УͲһϸĸˡ
ôѽôᳳ
ɺվſڣòУæȥˡ
߸ոīطϴͼＱææܽ˵ʹ㳳ˡ
Ҳżˣ͹ȥ
Ŵ򿪣ʲô¶ûС
ͬһ˵ҲֻЦЦ˵ͰЩ磬ȴҲʲô¡õģĸŮ˵죬Ѳɻܴ
Ҳǡ
˳īطݵͬӺͷɺ˵ˡ
ɺԣֻ̾һ۵ǼСҪû鿩
ںīطһͣȫ֪ķֱ֮ʹ
īһīٴγֵĵҲúܺá
ǰīط˵ǵ飬˹һ棬īطһīһ˸ϳˡ
Ҽǵ㣬Ǹھ˾ߵīһ
īһЦŵ˵ͷǵģСӡ
īȴʵһĬĬһѺ
īطһڣͬ˵īһ˵Ҳʶ㡭
ȻīһԼˣޱȷѡ
īطݵĲ֢Ҳĵһ졣
īһͰŴһīطݰ
Уţ
ôţҲǻڣֻüӿ˰ٶȣ˵īСӵ岢ûʲô󰭣ֻЩ飬ӦöԵ㶫ˡ
⻰üһ
ȴòУƲƲ˵Ұݸ֮ǰĪʧˣǲ𣿡
˵ͷ㣬ǲ״δԣȷµÿЩʱմȥʦС
ðɡ
ģôܲ˼
İС磬Ҫֱˡ
īطݵҲܵ䣬ԼǷ߲ˡ
һԵīر𲻺ʱ˵ǻ̫Ϫһ·У컹ûڿʼ·һܸϻȥСӿλҲٵȥ˰ɣ
ϵص˵ͷԹźǾ׼·ѾеСȥǹӶˡ
īһͷӶĵײǺܿף˲Ļǿλϡ
⵹ЩˣҲܾīһĺɵӲŻеΪ
ȻӦˣұʾ˸л
īһīٻرĳһˣԳɸ
ֻһڣҪٵȵһһͬҿջֵˡ
ҹ
īطקط䣬˴齣´󣬾ͿʼӿռͶ
ݸ磬ʹǸī߰ˣǻȥ·Ͽ϶ҲΣգ׼˼׼ŷؼʱ̣֮ã
īطĻжòУãá
СƵ̾һҾôһø磬ö˭أ
˵ţͳֵͲīطݵأҹ·ʱ㣬Եøš
īطݿֵͲͷһǰãСҲҪð
Ҷأİɣ
ͷ˵ݸһ£ȥ׼Ķȫóһһܡ
á
īطݵ˵ͷ͹ԹԭˣȻһգ۹ʧԼĸǰ
ֽ֪ǸǬͷˡ
ŵ˺һīطݶ֮ǰĵҩóһ飬Ŵӿռ
ֻһ˺ôһduang~˴ϡ
īطݱһоҡҡλεĴ壬µһֱȥˡ
ˣ
𻶿캰ţȻǸװ˺öණͷıð˸ͷ󺹵СԴ
Ϊ˺ͷҲճϣЩǱЦɴīطҲȾϲõ
װ˺öණܰݸһ˶ʱīһī㱱£
ţʲô
īطݼǰģأʹõĲҲͣװôණȻûаҪŻļ
ưļƣָװ˺ܶϡŹֵĶ
~ǵݸЯŶֻҪť˾ͻȫ鴤ŵˣʺεСѶԸʹˣ
Ǿذף㿴۵Ŷر𷽱ַɥʬӡޣҵ˼ǣԷСˮŶʦǰôõġ
ʵˮζأ۾ܴ̼ɥʬζԣô˵ɥʬˣܹþˣ˭Ҫǿ㣬۾磡
ֵͲʳõѹʳȶʮСͰ͸û䣬һ׮׮һذڷīطݵǰ


185 

ֻҪõģõģЯģīط׼һݡ
īطݿЩϡŹֵĶжѾľסҪץ֣ŵʣЩó˰ã
ôЩǱİɣԼҲвһЩģҰݸ֪ҵܣ¡
Ƥգգ۾ȻͣóһѷصMK23ʽǹ
ѾװеСղסīطݵ
ȻѹС˵ݸ磬Ǳñ֪ģҪ֪𣿡
ΪʲôҪǹװΪĩյɥʬλǹһɥʬ㳲ر˵ģ㿪ǹһǰӵвǿ¡
ֱ˨ϴŵС˼üΡ
Կռﱸõͬװ
Ϊûѧֻжʱͱιǿѧ˸ȱʹ÷ʽ
ռﻹи͵ģֳڼϧòҲá
īطݿѾĦŪǸصæְ
һֲ֪Ĳһĳֻġ
ݸ㿴ˣǧǹڶۣǱװãֻȹϱգܹװŵʮӵĻûУʱҲˣ԰ݸֻʡŵˡ
һ߶ţһ߾ͰǹŲλã׼Բ󣬽īطݵǾʹ԰ɣֻҪ۶ţǰȥ
ݡ
ΪװӵȥֱûԲһס
īطݾˣȫû뵽ĶȻ򡢴ˣ
ǹ˿ֹϣ߻֮´ȥ
ֱܴ֣жʮףΪľͷòĲԵʣӵûг״壬ĩ˿˺棬һͷ
īطݸڷȥˣ͹һرӵĶĵѾ˾κˣǹİٶȺÿ졭
ǣȻô˵ıأֻҪԵ׼ȥûܶõģԽɱԽ󣡡
ֶֶ˵ģһҪСģҸս㲽ҪãʹõʱҪѱմ򿪡
šֻСҲʺϵӡ
īطǹȻҲϲе᲻÷ˡ
Ϊû˼ֱ˨϶ûϵֻҪ߻
ĥ£ǰȻīطôװȥ
װȥĻǹǹһ졣װȥ͸ղۡݵһ£ʲôġȽʺҹɱԽ
ɱԽ
īطݿŷɫĪãʦЩµ𣿡
ǣЩǱģ
ǿҸ˵ôϣòģīһīźˣǧܶ˰
īط֪ЩæͷİɣãҶˣҲҵЩˡ
Ʋ죺Ǿ̫ˣЩҪģǸ㱣õģҪǶҲһѷͭ˰
á
īطȦ΢΢죬Ķжһš
þõˡ
ս˷֣Щܵ˵ܴһ̫ϪͺˡСӲͬġ
ţҲʱȥ˵ġݸģٳһ㣬бЩԼȥ㣡
ûֿأھ͵Ժطˡ
Ҳʱޱִеĵ绰ֻͨѶߡ
ڣҲֻддʲôˡ
īطݱ˷ƵӦţҾ̫Ϫҡ
ã
Сһϡ
īطݲǵñĶôãӸ˺ü飬ҲƵذѺöֵĻ˵
īطȻоеһýζһⶼûС
īطݿԵСŮϲɵøһ˿ǣãʦôˡˣ᲻Ҫ߰
⻰Ҳˡ
ǧ磬֮Ͷ̥᲻һ
ͷ;òܣôôԼ
һ᳤꣬ѵϵɥʬȫģ
°Ϳīطݣ˵ʦûôţ̤ʱʲôģݸİɣߵģ
īطЦЦǾͺá
Ҳһ㶼밢ñǸôʦߡ

ңԶϽ򣬺糹ǡ
һԺڣ£׳۵˺ü磬һվŵĿ˶ˣæѹɤеѯʵǸȾ纮ˣ
Ǽ⣬˼ֵĳ磺£ǼСѾͷ˰ɡ
ԣüͷ΢Ȼˬ޺޷ģһ죬Ҫ֪磬չߵСѾͷǸŮˣ


186 

ա
װ
īطݻظš
Űûע⣬īطݻ˸ƿӣС˵װȪˮֱӺȣҪˮȣÿһΣģȳ˲λأ
īطҲûܾ˾ƿӣҼǵˣãҲûĶԸ㡭
Ŷû£Ҳȱǵ㶫ֻҪݸܺúõģ͹ˣ
á
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ۣôҲ˰ݸ㻹ûȥɡҺͰǵطǣҾ͸дţٿʲô͸ҵģ𣿡
á
īطݻشЩȣ̲סȣΪоܶԲİá
øôöȴһĻ񶼸
һԵīһҲǿˣԼСӶԷɼҵСѾͷǲͬǱƷСﻹȣȥطǵīַҪŸСӻһЩǴǵˡ
ѽаɣҾʱºˣ
¶Է·ȥҲҪƣûҪ
īһô˵ֻΪѵˡ
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ʱҲˣСӣҲöˡ
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Ҳīһ
Գɸϵܿ͵ͷ
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󣬳˲ÿȥҰݸ
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ô룬˵Ѿһ㡣
ұСŮοòУֻҪܽسԼı£ҲȥҰݵġ
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СŮȫûа취Ūһ߿Ů
յ󣬰褾û˵仰ӦûΪ¹ڻ
ˡ
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ǶҪطȥģҪطȥҷ裬ȵʱ򣬾ԹŮͰɡ
*
һº
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һгִ̣ܵС
ҹһһ
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īطڻǰ·ŪMK23ʽ˯ţİá
ī߶ͺòˣһ£»صоûˣǱ㲻̣յīطԱ£ٺЦСʣСӣǸСѾͷ͸Ķ
īطݰСܲ˵ؿһ֣аȫ𡣡
īεЦЦаɣǾǰ
īط⣬һ˵˵͸ҵıͬ˶˵㻹ǱˣٶΣҲġ
˵꣬ͽǹ·
ī߿һ±ơ
īһȴ̲סЦһȻ̧һīߵƨɣֵ嶼û˵СӵĶٴ
īίⲻҲΪûСӾȻ춼ҪóĦһ¡
īһһȻɫһݣȥƹӽѡ
īҲԾˣͷвٽŲڿҲ΢춯
ԭΪһ£˸ϻʱ䣬Щ˻Щ߷ɱж
ȴû뵽ˡ
ԼΪ̤̫ϪЩʮȲɱǼСӣһ㶼١
Ϣ֮䣬Χסˡ
īߺīһһѾīط֪Χɱûپȣش˸Ƿ˵һ£ǰ˸ˣ¿ɽǣչȭһ˰ɣ
īһһۣ΢΢·Цƹӣ㡣
΢΢üһһ䣬ȣգ۹㵽ͷѾذΧĺɱǣֱ˸棡


187 ˭㣿

Գɸϳܿ죬һµʱ䣬㹻׷ǰķһˡ
Ъŵĵطʮǡ
ͷԼʦʱҲѱĳǷ֪һ¡
ʦֵ͸ϻȥˣһˣʹˡ֪û֤ݣҲҺģ˵үˣֵʲôֲүӶæŸԼҽβûնԸھ֡УǴӣǸ¥ķɣ˵¥һǰͱһյøɸɾˡ
ˣ
ðԴ˷ܵ۷⣬˵㿴ùñͲʲôˣǱӦˬ˰ɣ
һ㻰ࡣ
Ҳգ°㣬ǹӿĵøˡ
֮ʦͬҵһȽҪ·ҲһЩӦ鷳ԽǲҪһ·
仰˵øʦߡ
һЪϢټϣ룬Ȼĺܱܿ꼰޹
Ҳͬˡ
ֻǷеᣬǾֻܵȵطټˣɵʱ򣬶ҲҪʦȥɣ
ͷЦһʦ˵ȵط԰Ǿʹֱһ°ɣʱټˡ
һ᣺ðɣǶҲҪԼ
ţ̲סҪӿռͶˡ
һԵ񿴳˼һס֣ԶŮȥɡѡǶطǵ㡣
ţ
󣬾ֺʦ·ˡ
˶֮Ҳŷղףʦڣֲ˼ȥΪݵЩҲֻ֪һֻ۱һֻ۰ˡԺɲˣղʦҪóϡŹֵĶ϶һѺڵ˵ע⡣
ŵùŮŲʦЩѺڵˡ
īطǱߣīһī߶īԼҵˣȻǶīطΨǴӵģôΪ˼ϡ췴ıԼӡ
Ƥسͷ֪
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ʵҲûôŵġ
ƲƲ죬㱻˷ˣҲץȥƬ
ֵmaxĩ磬İȫϵǸ̫
Ѿ˵ˣֻøԼðСŮøһЩС
һһȥ
һձһٽطǡ
ҲˣŮӱ֮գҲԽĬ
£ټйЦ
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ɺ
˵ʲôأ
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֪ɫǰô궼ĸӲܲʡھ˴١ˣ˵棬ɺס˵ĻˣԼĿԡҪ½
ɺ⻰Ĭһڷʵ˵Ҫµ˭أ
ұŮһ仰סˡ
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ҸĲȫһֻǾðΪ˵̫ˡпԣҲӦ뷨ͬ˵һô겻һŶд˵
ң
ɺ˵꣬ɫ̫Ծæȥ˵ϣҸղҲֻǺ˵Ķѡ㲻˵͵ͨǰŵҲŵ
ңŮ⻰˵̫ǿˡ
֪УĸŮѾվͬһӪϡ
鸴ӣֻܵСŮǶҰο
СŮ龫֣Ҫ͵͵ȥطǴ̽̽ԳɰҲŻرĳǣһȥ
ԣͳǳһ֣֪طʲôط𣿾͸ȥ
֪ǴطľкöóԵĺģ
ѽ֪Ժ棡
ҿЦãСŮף˵ϢȷʵҪȥ̽һҲһСȥֱӰԳɴǡ
ǲͬȥطǵ˼ˡ
ǻʲô˼
ģûɵŶһʾɥʧ
мգǾܵطˡ
֮ǰḮͣЪ˼ա
ϴڿջ̫ˣҪȥ͸͸
ҿǵС˼ʲô͸ǽŶԡ
ΪḮҲǻʳǽ·ΧˣΰÿֵвѲţҲ÷ȥˡ
ֻû뵽ôһˣ˳¶


188 治ʶ

Գɴŷȥ
ḮΪҪҪȥ죬ͽһҵͷ
ΪŷһȥͰѷͷſڵţĸǺ«סŰͰ͵С졣
ҵ̿ĵطҲû٣ȴ˵дһī֡
īطݸϵīһģīծḮľݵ㡣
һɰСŮԹԵվſڳǺ«̵أͺȻһɫ۵Ŀ곯˹
ɫѿֻŸмˣðѪ
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á
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īҶүѾϰ׵ŤͷΪ⣬ϵ޲ɫ΢䣬ɫ졣
֪īطݵ⣬īңܻǴ֣֮īүϼţҲֻܹԹԴӦȥúùܽԼĺӣҪ˵˵
ϾӿڳһСģȫҪ꣡
īүӷ껰Ϳ׶һۣ鷿һˡ
īҶүһ⻰ɫһݣӦǡ
ǰ߳ãҲ໥ۣȥɢˡ
ص鷿īүߵǰû£ͶīЩˣҲšݶݵ飬Ҫȥ졣
īҶү׵˼īүӼһģһӥĿһĨɱ⣬ڲ飬ѾһЩüĿܰݵ˵ʬҲѾ˻ˣӻý顣Щ˸ץݣȴҶ԰ɱ֣ضŰѰŪؾȡô˭ӶǺù
īүص˵ͷ󣬳̾ϢһݶݶΨһĹѪ
īԣɫһԼѡ·Ǳȥɡ
īүӲס˫ۣʹʵ
ǡˡͺúûѪһ졭ܴñ


194 ͵һ

ݵܣ˵Ҫ˰Ѿīʰ˳ԺﰲĸѾߣĸСˣһ֣λ֣ӦûǵõĲŶԣǹùõġ
ҲҪ
ī㻰δ˵꣬㱻Եīطϡ
һ㶣ԼСһĮı飬ɵΪʲôҪݵܣ㻹СҪչ˵ʱ򡣡
īطͣ½ŲĿؿ㣬ͬĻҲ˵飬ҲҪߡ
ī㣺
ͱټĵһ졣
ֱܷǵûʱȿɰĲദ
ôԺӣһ˲
ƾһСޣ
īƣҲīطݶ磬ʹԺһȦ󣬾ȥҰ״ޣ˵Сܲź˼
˾īīطҲֻǵɨһ¾ӵĲ֣ϱסûʲô
طϱסʮ꣬ٺһīׯ˸һɶסԺӣȻҲۼʣ
īط΢΢Ӻ󣬲Ťͷī㣺īһأ
˰СѾͷİù
īīһӦڰǱ߸ݵԡܼˡѾѾԡ׼ˣݵȥϴϴɣðһµĻȥɾ
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Ϊղ˵ҪźīߵСܵ÷ɿ죬ǰԺһ˸ȥˡ
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һʮСﳶ˳һԵֵ䣬С˵֣˵СүôСôźأЩ⣬߰˶һиʲôµˣʹĻСүԸ𣿡
ĿϢСѾߵĻƵƤһۣԺӣСӵˣС˵ʲôʲôô˼ͷϻ
СѾ߱һȻίغȦҧС־˵ȥˡ
༸ûûȤ
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īû뵽Ǹôã̲סʵݵܣ㲻īһźɣֻǸɸɲЩϸ
īطĿؿֻ֣ƺϱӻҪ໰
ī㱻Ŀ⿴ЩеͷƤ顣
ֻǸСô˵滹Ҫˣ
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˵껰ŵĨͰ㣬ܵñ˭졣
īطݼˣҲûûٶ࿴ֺͼѾСһתͻԼȥˡ
һߡ
վԭصһС㷲ؿһԵ֣С֣
΢΢üҲСүЩ죬Ҳû룬ɨһԱߵѾСˣȥɻ˵Ľү˵ˣ¶СϸЩСүϢ
ѾС⻰æӦ֣ū澣ūţסˡ


195 Сް

īһī˵СҪȥźʱ˶Ǵ͵ġ
оԼİƺߵ˾ͷһʱ֮侹Щ֪롣
үСô˵ģ
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ī˻ֶ֣ͷīүֺõЦ棬㿴ݵܶīһҪȥˣǲҲܸһֱҪ󲻸ߣīʮšīʮС
īүӴӵۣܲغǳһ䣺õ
īһٿƤȥĬĬ˳鷿
ȥī֮ǰֻһ˰ϢԺӣīطݵİ˹
֪ôģһԤС
С֮յź򣬾ΪǸСѾͷ͵İ

磡
ݺݵش˸磬ıӣԳһƹˡ
ѺͽǶʰڿջȣų
Լʱ䣬һӵ˹
ݳһͨϰղµˣ겻ʮƤֺڣӸЦˬʣֺԳɴк󣬾֣ͣ
ԳҲȥ˵˼仰ƺڽʲô
ûһ߿ŹӣĿȴشŶƺ͵͵ƿһǣ⿴š
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СͬеĻκԼ
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κ򻹸ţ
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ڳκŷ裬òŴԳɵͷкʶĿ磬Щɣ粻˳١
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ܰٷְȷϾֲܵDNAǰɣѾ̽ķӡ
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˵⻰𶼾ԼĵСްˡ


196 ȥ̽

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Ƿɺ߷ôĹֿ϶ͬ⡣
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κ򿴼ҲˣǰСѾͷæʱ治ɫ˿ڵӣɸ˼ӡ
СС;ĵҪǸк̲סͽˡ
ϧǸŮӣǸıȽصС龫
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197 ˭

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Ҳô׾ͻˡ
ȷȥ֮󣬷ִ˹ȥСʵ壬㿴ҵһǲҲѾɼѽǲиһĺӣ


198 ϴ

豻ʵ΢΢һЩʧؿǰɻСѾͷ
Դī֣ӦЩ֮ҲûĿʾ˹
ڴطǣõĻǼͼݡ
Ϊÿ죬īҰ֪ԼӵҪŵˣƹ֮࣬˽Ҳṧػһӻ߷ɡ
ӺݱŵľḮ겻Ȣޣдţ̫ټ˲¹н֮λ
⼸췽ԼߵİЩ⣬ڳϣȻŲ˺üΣʥ϶ʼе㲻Ծ
ΪǺ㣬̫ټʥԼҪˡԾ㱻ΣʥҲʰ͸һͣŸٻ档ֻû뵽ջصḮ˴ɱЩɥ
͸ƶĲ²⣬ڹпܱ¶ˣٴڳ͢УҪԴ
СѾͷԼȻڽɱڣŪŪҪġ
رԼʱ趼ܵذѷӺ˵˳
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軹̫鷳Ϊʲôɴʧȥ˫ײûȢӵݡ
ī˵»ϸͻ飬Ⱥ̫ҴС㿴ϣŻ֮ҪһЩڵ㡯ЩڵҪ֮飬ȴֲܳΪİѱ
׺Ҳī㵽İţŷǷӺģͲҪ㱳ݸ
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һԵκ⻰ȱЦˣѾͷں˵ʲôӸղŻ˵ÿ˶ǳôһŤͷͰ˳
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ˣȷʵû취˵̫õĻôΪԼ룬ҲЩжЦЦãǵȰϢˣٺ档
ţ
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Ŀͽżǰš
Ϊˣϲ죬һøں棬ʡò֪˶ӣֿ̫Զ
ĳ٣Ѿһ˵ޱӦˣóԳԸúȺȸ˯˯һӰ춼ûС
ֻǷʱ򣬴ҵĿⶼۼϡ
ɺ֪ȥˣȻȽżʹ˹ȥѷʣôôͻˣ
ŤŤ˵λ˰صأҪϢҸκүүͳˡ
ԣһСŮôϤˣô׽
Գȥʱ飬ûиңҲǲ˵Գɸʳȥ˵Ҳ֮Ժˡ
ôһʣﲢ֪ԼѾκλ˰塣
ΪԳɳŵˣѪȵ˵ﵣĺ£ԷˣҲûͣЦǲǱΪܴ󰡣
ʧЦ㵹Կ䣬ܸ߰ͬκүү˵Щʲô𣿡
ѽ
ˣһʱشֻؿԼ㡣
ɺһʲô˼æӻЦ˵λκүүǴɣȥͬ˵ûб̽Ź߻ᡮԿ䡯С컹ûеΡ


199 ǹ

𣺡
ûǲȣôˣ
ߺ㣬С춼Թҽƿˡ
ҿ˿Ůֿ˿СŮܾʲôԾ
СüȥָʲôС
Ҳûƣһ԰Ů廨ߡ
Ǽ׷ˣСŮŮͿʼһ˽
̽ˣô˵
ɺҧŶʣرᡣ
ˣرСػصϴˡ
ôϴˣô̽ģ˵ұ档
ɺӷϢʼһֱڴţõô𰸣ȻԽܣе̲סԼ嵽ȥûϴˡ
ߴﹾأԼǱߺ˵Ļһ顣
ɺ꣬šüͷԼɵãҧ˵ˣ
𲻽طʣȻأǸҲѵӡǰϴ˰ɡ
ҲǺʧĺòã
ɺ룬С˵ǵЪϢʱҲȥ˵㲻鷳κүүһȹȥˡǵĻҿ϶ϳǣȻϲˡ
Ͱﳤü׵ôԼӺŮϲ
Сһ㣬ϾСڵҺųġ
仰˵ԼиĹŮ֪
˵ûͦеģʱֻҪ˧ʱķӦܱˣ˳ҪŮҲзӺúöԸ
УͣϢʱҴȥ
š
˵ĻԼ
ⲻ֪һĻװ۵ס
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СѾͷΪϵúܺãҲȥ˰ɣ
Ҳ֪͵⺢˵ࡣ
˽һգĺʱͣһվ
Ϊ⣬ĿͶֵܣڵһȽ˿ջ֮󣬲ŽСĴͽվĿͷȫҲκš
Ҳűӣֶһ麢ǣû»ǱȥλˡǱ߻ƣرǷ𣬱Ŷ侯档
ӦãŤͷŷɺҲע⣬͵͵ȥˡ
պþײĿͶֵܲšˡӽ˺ǼĿͷ
ҪǷһҲͰˣСѣ̽ԴҪߵʱ򶡼ֵҲûţҲˡ
ĹȻҲûǵͣҲеķȥԾ͸ˡ
𼱼͵㲻ǿԣǹκүүգκүүơ
ֵҲõȥκСѾͷȥͺáͷġˡҪϢɲſ⴦֡
𣺡
ӽءˡƻʧܡ
ֻŷɺԱκסĿͷȥˡ
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С㣺㣬ô죿ˣ
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ҩǺܺõģûֶ
̾һСźռֻҩûҩ
ˣ
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ѶĿͶְˣٽȥͿˣ
°ȻذѸ뵽ķӺͷɺ˵˵
ɺһòףҪ֪ǸǲԼصռϷ֣ҧҧͬ˷׵⡣
~
ӿռһСǹԷɺ˵ܺõģֻҪ׼˲ȥһ£˾ͻˡ
ɺ΢΢üСóϡŹֵĶǱʾɣⶫ˰ɣ
ôܣѣ
⻹ִ׷һ̽СкõԾҲһһġ
˵ûߣŪ룬͸˸ǹ
ֻ֮󣬺ƽʱûʲôãξͱӽˡ
ó󣬷˿룬ҲֻʣˣպõòС
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á
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200 ھǽ

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λˡ˵úܺÿ˵ٺÿҲûҼİÿ𲻷קˡ
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ƽǰԹɵģȴΪһƵˣ԰˼λš
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201 

ţھǽɡ
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Ŀ˵СӡѲСӾݸ
ݸźǱȥطǣ
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ΪɺͷĿ˵ġ
ʱȻûеķӦôţһֱŷɺĿȴѾ¶һС
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СѾͷĻûѪ
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ɺϤֵĳƺᶼסµǵûͣܵøˣ
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ˣŤͷݺݵص˷һ˵㲻ǳǣҲҪˣ
˵Ҳɿ˳ȥ
վſڵĶĿһĻסˣȫ֪ʲô顣
˴鼤ɫַףæȥסӣСĵӣ
ץס֣ؿھţ΢ȦʵĿҰ׷

Ŀ⡣
軺һòУȥ׷ֱȥݸڵĿͷˡ
Ҫݸ
Ϊּ̫Ůܵô죬趼оһûסһѪ󣬻ŶĿ֣һһСӹǡСӣ
˵⻰һһȥ
ĿģŵˣʲôССͳͳܣæȥκ

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˵ɶˣ
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ηС糡
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202 

ڿռøͲ֪ͷʲô顣
Ѫԣκ򼱼ææһ˿ڶˣʱðѪöͷðˣæöĿȥ׼󣬿Ҫٸһη֮
Ŀ⻰ɫˣκɲʲôõطһ
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203 ๫

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ĿæŲشϣһ̽Ϣʹϧûˡ
Ҵԭء
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Ϊ˼أҲûһڷԸ߳š
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204 

𲻸ˣһţ˾ˣٻһͺˣ
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һ˵ʶܿͻɢ˵Լ˭ʲô᱾ܵرһߡ
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

ſ޵òеҲܣȻܲԸǴӿռó˷
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ԳЦЦ磬꣬ΪʲôһżĻ
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205 СѾͷ

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Ȼ꣬ǧٴˣ


206 ȥһĸŮ

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ݸ
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СڿռȪժ꣬һģҧģң𣡲ŲǸ׵
ⱲӶ˵ǴǾ仰


207 

ȻȻᣬԼǲ̫ĵġ
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˯úã۵˿ȻҲָúãټСŮʱйСŵǿĲԷ
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ĵһȻĿϿҳǸ⿴ԼСŮ𣬶ǵãǵ˵ˣҪôͷУֻǲҪ𣿡
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迴ǰûĶ񱻰һ͸ֽģϣ֪ôƻһ㶫СŮõ·Щ֪ؿСŮ
ɶӱȡˣ̧̧°ͣΪѵǰ˺·óǸһҪġͷϡ׾ͺˡ
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豻ԼСŮֿɰСٶЦˡ
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˺СѾͷԲ߿ˡ
ů͵·뵽СŮǱŤСģϵЦݸˣغɵ


208 ˣů

ģڻ·Ƕ˾޴Ŀ顣
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ܵĳеãСŮóĶһص߸


209 ӣСè

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210 ֪

˶٣СŮһ󣬽òǾ͵ȵطǣóǳԡ

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211 

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212 ¸µĿ

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213 ǵ

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214 ˯ˣ˭Ҳ

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215 ԳΪķ

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ԼСҲϲͿʼһѧףˣһ꣬ԼСʣվ̨ˣԺÿոһֵˡ


216 Ůƹ

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217 ȥ˳Ȼ

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218 

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219 ʳ

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Χ۵İղ٣Ŵſгĸ嵥̲ס桪
ⶼЩʲôϡŹֵĲôǰû˵
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ζҲ̫ˣУȽȥٿɣ
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ܿģСʳڷŵʮȫˣһæתҲڰæмķƽϹܼҡ
նϵŰɫΧȹֽԽٵطŹķѳһæµĻзϱ
ҡ褻зɺеģŷӿռļɫΧȹͺæµ߶
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֮ܶС﷢˻λ岮ǳԵòáˣ˵ȫ⣬Сǳԣ
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ͼСѾͷѹȫóˣȻ̣һһµš
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ʲôģֱ̫׬ˣ


220 ûл

Դʳ⽥֮󣬷Ǿûÿ춼ȲҪһ˶Ǯ
Ҫֵ֪߲ȫԸ㣬мѼ࣬ҲȫԼׯšֻٲֵͳҪȥôĻӪҵĳɱ˵Ǻܵ͵ģ֮
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221 ø¸ȥ

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˵ţʹ﷭˸3.5ЯʽֱˮȪˮװһֱΪֹŰѸӸšˮҲȥ
Ϊִø¸ȥͣͰѸ¸¸ק˹ʾ˺üҪôôȥֱ¸¿ˣطŹ
׶죺
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ҲĲ鲻ԸԴ˵Ϊһֻ𾫣ųɾǣȻˣѧѧôˣ˵ڣҲܳɹأ
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ʱպþý˵ĳҹΪŻ磬֮꣬ͿţȻûʲôǮƷҪȥˣδڡ
Һͷȴ⣬ΪҪһҪȥٵŮ
һţ̲סýţ˧𣿡
ýűȻðķһŤͷλŵķңλСǡ
Ҳû뵽СŮʱˡ
ǰæǰȥ˷𣬶ýŵСŮ𣬹Ҽ˵
Ŵķһۣüͷ΢룬ôɲŮòķޣȻ˸̥ôСŮǰϹⲻͺ٣Ҫû̥ǣ󳤴ˣ׼ҲǸøҹӶ֮͵С˶
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ٺһЦָ˵ҵһεİ˧ҴôÿҵĽôǳ˹أ
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Цһ£˵үͷɲŮòУҪǿŮĻЩΪѡ
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ܲýŻͷ˼ЦЦЦˡλŹӣǰ˵⼸ңǶúѡġ
ţǡΪΣ
ýžȼˣҹȻƶһĸҪչˣ;ҲɺܺͷٳЩǮһҲΪη
ѡ˺֡
ںܶຮӵܣ;ձԭΪ鷳Ҳ٣ܵõЩĻһɳҲǲܡ
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228 ָ

ҼԼ뷨Ҳ̬ȣҪŮǵ;ֻҪԸȫȫԼҴŮˡ
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迴İָûңԼ⼸˵һ顣
ǰ̶ӳ;˵ˣ̶ӱϴһգҲɥǡ·ī־ҡͬīϾߣһЩ顣Ͷǣ˹ϵ
ҴԶ뾩ķĴԾʲô仯֪ҲǴطλʵۣ˵ȵ۵ĵܵܡԭȵ۱ԼĶӣʱĶ̫ӱƹڴǰ̫ӻŻںޣ**ڵǰ˸Ϲȥʱճ˻ҽ֮λʵ۱ǻˡ
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229 ʮ

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ԹԵ˳ȥ˳ţϵЦ˼֣æ˵ҷȥɣ
СŮεЦգͷһů΢ЦãͰˡ

ڰС֣ԼǸСë
Ҳ͵ļʮСĺһԵֿɰеС
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֪вûҩôأͷͲÿһ
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231 Ѿаݸ

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232 ҰԱߵ

һº彥ת
ΪʮĶŪ÷𲻵òٴæµϡ͵Ȫˮȥء
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˵ţʶɨһܣ⸽û˼ң˻ܵ壿ǻǸϽȥɡ
ҪǱǳҰ˵ˣǲĵù͸
԰㣬ŵŨѪζ˵ĴϢֳִĴϢ٣оܿҪˡǱߣ
һ仰ƶһ˫ֱضŴҰķһҪǱȥ̬ѷɺòС
Ҳԣ̫Σˣǻȥ˹
Ⱥ˹㲻£пռ䣬ҪΣգһ¶㵽ռȥ

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֣Ϊ˷°קռ
Сǰ̽ţشïʢӲݣȻۼؿһͷҰڵϳ鴤˻ţֻΪѪҺԽԽ࣬Ҳţʹţ˻ҲԽԽСˡ
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Ϊط˴ԺӣƽʱһӲôׯҲΪ˵أµĲ԰ӣŻæһΡ
ׯҲüˣͷİš
˵Żķ裬ͿǵĿⶼ⿴ȥ
ŤͷһҲŮһɫس

һɺǵȳȥҪҪͬ˵
ת뿪ˣɺŸؽʵˡ
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ɫ΢䣬ŤͷСŮ
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һԵķɺֲ˼ͣҪ˳ÿΣǰҲûðôհ˸ػˣ˵Ȼҵ⡣
Լġ״ûа飬ֱͦ׳һʤ߼ȸÿεģܱɰ˼
ⶼʲô
ɺЦˣһԲ
СŮĻҲһΣȥһӵ
ӵϵʱһص⺢ȷʵ˵úأǰҪˡ
ˣǵȾɣôÿôᣬ˾ˣֵܰ~
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233 Ǹ

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ڴϵ±ӣ뿪
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ŵĿɣôͷŨĿ۾
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á
ͷڡʺСֶѾϤˡ
֮ǰҪʱ򣬷óüΡ
õӦ󣬷ͿĵˣΪøıʺгֻǷұȽ鷳Ҫ΢ʧһʱ䡣
ԺҲûעǱߵֱӾʧԭء
ӭZڴϣһ˫ںڵӣһգգضʧķ򡭡


234 Ҹϱ

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ź󣬾ͼСŮѾߵ˴ߣڴϵǰ˻СצӣʣС磬㿴𣿡
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ԣԷѯʣҲֻǵ˵ͷɤɳƵü
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237 ѾǴ

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п಻治ϱǰ˵ǵĻôôܲסԼأ


238 Ūң

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ֻתĿ꣬Լ˸һ顢鲻ڵĳ裬˴ԳȥԼԷĹﰮĽǳܺͷĹﹲףֻռһ棬ԶԶһ۶С
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Ӳû۸ˣûٿŤͷߡ
׼ˣĵ׸ǵ֣ӳԼȷ磬ȫûʶΣԼһؿ
ι
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׾죬Ȼ뵽ʲôƵģ͵һתͷͶ˷ŽεСǺɫ̥ӡϣ⹴ţ˿ɲ

ŵõԲ۾ҪûüѰڣͱһ߷˳ȥ
ֻǰһĨ׹⣬ʹţţǽϣԴһᣬȥˡ
ۣС̺С̴򻵵
СŶ˷ܵƣһϷû񫡣
վһԵ԰˷½ǣű߷ɳȥİˣСֹ˵ûС̹Ȼ档
ˣ˽ţеһֱޣһǣ¥߽ȥ
ͷΧһѿϷģǽ»ȥָָš
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239 ͸͸

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˵ͷһֱԱ籣һǣ԰ϡ
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Ա籵Ļֱһ̹ĶŮ㷽ɺһֿɰգһ˫ȵĴ۾ֱضˮ
ҲС̰ģЦˣ续һˣЦʱҲů紺磬ҺͱͶԵ԰ɣ籣һһ
ԱͣŴŴĸϾҪѿڶȴһסСͣܲصһۣʲô磿ͬݣҪУҲýһ壡
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Ρ
ε̾˿˵ؿŷ𣺡ƽЩССʲôģôеôڿ죿
ֻһƺͬ롮ˡү嶼һ

Ҳǵһ˵ֵĻˣʱ䳤˵ҲϰһЩҲȥתƻѯʵǺáͲˣȡ˻ġǰݸ磬˵Ѿ궼û¸Ҳûû˹ȥ鿴һ
ɹȥˣҲû·ϰɡ
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״ֵڼϢе㲻Ը񡣡
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ЦЦؿº͵ȻǿЩѰһƥЩ̲͵͵ܳطǣǧѰȥ

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Ӱǰ͸˵С̵״̬ЩԾ񾭳һط񷢴
˼ܵĵܿʹõ鱨СѾܾûյδС̷Ļˣɳȥĸ¸ҲټܴĿδС̷Ǳ߳ʲô顣
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𣿿Ҳš
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⻰һжѵǰס԰ϣ϶ȻС̵Сް
԰ϱе㴭ĬĬ룺˵СްݹŮģǶӣôҲǡף


240 

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𵽵ҲǴˣҲˣʲôԼ⣬ɲôš
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ҪȥׯӴ飬԰ϺԱͻӭZߣڶ峿ׯϵķܼҾͲΡΡؼ˷ңһŵݸϱԵĵķ
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ɨīһĿȴվŵĶϡ
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241 ׯһ

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īվԭأ°ԼĻֹСӹֵúܣСѾͷҲ龫ֵģͦ䣬´һ顭
һû˵أô


242 СѾͷþò

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ΪҲþվжԶ͸ɴԼһռһҹ
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ʲôҪҪôҪأСǿ׳ΪʲôƫƫҪΪôһŮӡǧҸ㣬ҿɾͻˣ
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СѾͷ
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243 û뷴

ҹҲǿԼӵݶתʱһſε
ĿҲʮ꣬ĿеͷƤ顣
رƤף촽ѪɫȻ˵ӣǻѪ
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ǰɣǸķڷѣҪҺڣȥ
ˬˣһᣬվ󣬱ǻݺݵв
īطݣ
˺Ƥ߻ü


244 Ϻ

Ҫ
߬ɫţϱŵѪɫʡ
ܸоץԼֻױúû¶ȡ
ҪýŵѪζּٵĺĲӴҪΪǸմӱġ
ûסȥ̽塣
ϾİˣòײŻŲôװ˷ѡ
꣬üʵ˼꣬ȱĶֻ˼ն񣬲֪˵жã
ûҪնˣ
ֻǡ
һ۱ŵܸ꣬ߣ߳һͷȴԵпϣûɶֻûо
ҲˣֱӰ˲ǡ
ȿȡ
īطݱͤʯϡ
Ĳգѹ˷ӿ
ⶼѪˣҹҲûԿҪһ̣һȥȽȥҵС⿪һ䷿
Ůֱԥʲô
īطҲС˼
ӽӹԪһ̣СԱԾѾ¶ɡ
Ԫߣ˳С˼ôҵˣ˫Ǯ
áǾ鷳ˡȿȡ
īطݲûоܾ飬һ˫ϵŷԴֲƯۡ
ף
ʲô
ȻôӦˣ
ѵͲȥ˹ˣ
ԼʮΡ
ֻǲżİˣԪڷһǵåΪĻ
̲סпˣüûôɵˡ
Դûټ֮ƣϾ̲飬Ҳǳ˺öˤ˲ٸͷżסѵġ
ĪΣһԼġ顢թеĻɡ
ѵղ÷ڷѵå̬
һҲǸɵİûڿ
鸴ӵòУûѪɫڿѪģͻȻЩˣȷˣȻǻȥ
ȷ
ⱾϹһԣļˣ
īطƶػش⣬ǽڷִһԪݵǰ˵͹ҿһͷˡ
û̽ӹǶԪһָӸӵĿעð졣
ĵ˽ۡ
һȻɵǮƭ
ʮӰ
־óȫ֪ʲôɣ
˵ǿͷˣСƿջ´ˣ
ôˣ
ɻؿ̧Լգһ޹ʵϺ𣿡
뿴ɵӳʲôӡ
û뵽ͦÿġ
治ĿˣܸɴؾְĽԪ˹УʵţҺܿ
ţ͹ˡȿȡ
īطǿſšüͷת뿪ڵ
ҵϢƽκԼΪǵС£׾Ͳ
īط룬ڿһöɫĵҩ˿С
Ƭ̣һʹסϢŶпھҪ
Ϊڰߣֲòô
īطݲ˴ĺѪϼѨλʹ΢
˵£̶ֳȵĶյúܡ
ֻϣСѾͷġ
磡
ߵջǰͷĹ̨Ѵ˯ĵСԼ̲ס˸硣
£
ٿһͷҡ
С۾ΪѵĿͷסˡ
񷿶ûˣ
ûС
СգҲͷסš

ޱȵؿһۣûٶ˵Ťͷˡ
Ҳ֪Сƿջȷʵ٣ΪطƫƧȥĿջȻҲ̫ʵʡ
ǿͷд̵λãôĸԸԪķϣʹ󷽵㣬Լסһˡ
īط֪ôľϲԼ
Ϊȷ߻֮ǰ˹ȥ
æ߹ͿһѩףӲǻմźɫѪյɵڵϣֻʣ°ˣ
զ£
Ҳһ±ƣæȥ̽ĺֻҲ˲˷Ѳ˷ˣæȥ鿴
鿴ɫȻһ䡪
жˣ
һ£ܿͻæӿռˮһڡ
Ҳ󣬸Ͻ˱ջԼĿͷܣ


245 ˭ҵС๫

˷ڴϺָ˰
Ȫˮܿá
Ϣƽڵȴֹ̫ۡ
ҲרҵĴ⻹Ҵ
Լ°ͣô˼ԪܲԼǰɣ
ˡһʤ߼ҲǸԼӵ㹦£ָҵʱ֣
ֹţŻжʱ
ȥҴһ￴
ҲֻȪˮһˣҲûӡ
ϾҲûѧʲôҽ
ĿռﵹЩⶾҩЩԼҲܺʹãܵȷʲôС
ֿ˿ͷ˯ȥֻ꣬Խ壬ͷıӺͷȻڴ̯˵̡
ʱ䣬Ҳ̫䣬ذ廹˯ˣ
ҲĴġ
º۾硣
īط۾ͷڴ˯Ů
꣬˰ꡣ
ôҲûСѾͷ
Ŀڣоȵ¶ȣԽŮ˯գ΢ϸ˵ֻԼõĻ
СѾͷҵ𣿡
žޱȣֻʣƽ
˯ķûлش
īطȴ⡣
ֻҪ࿴ۣ㹻ҹ˯þˡ

ʱ̫Ѿ߸߹ˡ
ӴǴ۹ǡϣ¶ߣȵûһ
۾͵Ťͷ齴
껹µ˯š
ɫףҲûʲôѪɫմѪա
˸ǷϽСҪˮϴ˳õСȥҴ
СȴΪѵɽҰģҪҲʮ·ȥǰϡҪ̫Ϫȥǡȥʱ򴩹С򣬲ɴʹС๫ֱȥҴưɡ
£ҲǲģܿõС⻰˵е⡣
˵˭С๫أ
С㵣ҹҹ׷С๫Ҫ๫ôסһͷ
˸ۣ⡣
־λε֤ǰһеıԵ˲԰
üֻҸ磬ҳˣץһȥģ·ˣˣ˵ˡ
ٺ٣СĶף
СЦţæͷҪԸܺС
Щͷػ˻֣֪ˡ
˵껰㽫Ÿȥˡ
СվſüϷʵ˵С๫ԼãҲûסһݵĵֽˮҪԧԡ˰ɣ
飬ǿջֲټ
ʲôڵأ
С˦´ڼͷϵĲŴˮӿ˲¥ȥ

ʱ˿̣ѾھҪҪ·
Ȼ˵Ǵĺɫ·ԶҲʲô⣬һ㣬Ϳؿڴһ̵Ѫգۡ
Ҵ촩ôһڱϵߣ֪˻Ϊ˷ô죿
̾һǾԪķϣ·
СҲ·ʱҲܿ졣
ֻȫû뵽һ̣īطʵѾѹˡ
оֻԼϺҰȥʱĵһӦҪƿǰˡ
ܿͷӦˣǷӲطװ˯ݼԼ
ɫۺܿͱˡ
Ҳûͣ٣ɶûȤææһԼõп۸ȥȻͷӶһء
û취
֫˳ǸСӣֶȶ̣·ܸ϶Ϊ۱ͱȽϴ󣬲ѹ硣
ۺ󣬷Ͱ˷Ż˴ϣһ߲һ߶û۾˵ҿǿԪķϲŰģȰ͵СҴͷֵɣ
˵ģģû¶ܡ
ôҲ御ˣ
ܿ¥ȥˡ
չţڴϵīطݾ۾ŽյķţԼϴŵĶСۣееղӣǿϡ
īط΢΢˹״Ц鵹Ǹⲻ
ֻǡ
΢΢üղ˵ʲô
Сҵ򣬾ҪԼߣ
īطɫһֳ
µĴӣ滹żƱīһԷһġ
ֻҲû뵽ڷó
СԣΪԪȪˮһδıİӣҲӦûΪ˸Ǯʱ߰ɣ
īطݵЩӣʼһСѾͷǲǸƭˣǮͿİӷɢġ


246 ûû˵С

󣬾ȥԺǿһǧ
˵ңԲݳԵ֡
ͷ˿ȻģأȻҪˣɱ۲ɻ
``
ǧ˻һȻģ
˹ˣ˵Ҷû㣬ôܵģ
```
ǧͷԱ߽
ž˼ˣĿ⳯ԱȥһǽԼôߣ˲ߣܴ﷭Ľ
ôˡ
жһģĽԪôͷģ
°ͣӺԺС߳ȥƵǽĺͷ
ȻͿͣǽһѷľӣûͦߵģԼǱȹһأǽһƬ
ԽԪȻǴȥģҲˤڵݶϣûһغ
ãбҪһ¿ջƹ񣬲Ҫͷѷôľ䣬һ´ٷô죿
ɽҰģȫϵҲδ̫ˡ
һ²ۣһ߿Źߡ
Ҳ֪ͷûУ˳õСһ¥
ȥʱ򣬾ͼǽԪ԰һڴϲͣؿš
üͷЦȽȽѽ˶ܱѣͦģ
īطݣ
Ⱥȵɣ극ź·
īط΢΢һ㵵ؿŷ𣺡·
ǰжˣûҩٶԪҲȲ㰡
īطΣȴòܣɫ˵ȻҡҾ֪ӡ
ʲô˼
ضܾ꣬⻰̲סҪԹ£
ͨô꣬׻ǰӸ͸˼֡
īطҲƶٽ̫Ϫ߽·Ͽ϶ȥԼ
ԱҲ治ɫ
ɻؿ
֮ǰʹӣ˫ץ˱죬Ʊἰ£΢΢ţںʲôС˵һжˡ
µĶ
ķŭ;仰һ𼷳һЩܡ
öЩĲ̣Ǹһǰȥĺ󱳣˵Ԫޣǣ˵СֵܣĻԸ˵˵Ĺ£زʶҲܳΪõ߶󣡡
⻰īطĵ׵һ
ͰԼסˡ
¶ɢС޹Ϣصᡣ
̧ͷʱСϹۣڵ˫ŷ𣬳ϣͿ󣺡Ը𣿡
ȻҲţһ´ʱҲûʲôˡ
ڴ¡
һ㿪ʼĹ¡
ԭԪĵҲһ׸൱Ǯ
ʱãõʶΣԼ۰ĹŮŮ׶ӣϤĴڸ־̾顣
Ǻþû꣬ŮҰԽԽֱӾȡΪһ׸
ڵط񣬿ɲôȡġ
Ů˸·ӣԼ׵Ķ͵ǰ
׵ȷʵԼﵱһۣպŪŮҲһֻ۱һֻۣΪΣŮζܱ
Ǽ⻹Ƿˡ
Ůϵڶ̥ʱѲһʬ
֪ʹһҹͷֱӾͲˡ
Ůһܵǰ̷ǲŶ̶²ͱźˡ
ټļҲ̳ˣŮˣ
ŮȴôҲûϵȻ˺֣͵͵˲飬еһжԼ
ŮΪЩƲòԶĶӽӻؼȥ
ȻӲһʬ꣬ȥĵڶ£ŮӭȢ˼ҽţһʱ䣬һ̥ŮܸˣֱӰԭϵͲõĴԶһıԺ
ô˼ΪҹܼҵԵʣӵԽѹ˶үҲûʲôɫʱȵġ
ֱһգڽ˵ҸҵĴǼٴЩȵҩҲǼҩСүϾҪˣѾݲ˶ˣҪȡ
ӱˣͬСҹ롣
ֻǧ㣬Ҳû㵽СҲͱҸˣЯĸ˶
˵ʣҪǮƵһֱµ
öݣرϤһʱ֮䶼벻
ܿȻˣŴľʵ̫ˣûû˵ıƺСطҲУ
һǶ룬ڲӳȻ˶ǾûѶȫȥֻһĶӦûоȵģ
ͬؿŽԪ꣬ļ򰲸ţ˶뷨ӻȥҲУӱʮ겻ַɡޣŮˣҪⱨӦģ


247 нԪ

ţлл
жؿ
ôң˼طˡ
󣬾͸ϽߴٽԪϴ·Զ
ԼԪʱɵƮ죬Ȼô֪ҾͻԪ
𣺡֣
֪﷼մ
īڴ
ȻֻּС̹ĸо˫۾˼ܾ
ҽзԲطķľȻȣ𡣡
ԣһֿҿɽ㰢𣿡
˵ͷɡ
ҲɻԪ硣

ǲԸ𣿲ԸҲûϵҾұ곤
޴룬¼һæţСȴڸǲסСʧ
֪ұС
üƲƲҽҲѹʮˣǴˣôҲ㻽ҽŶԡԪܵܣһ㣬͸ǳԣô
˵ţӶͳһǹݵĸǰ
īطݿﾲŵһСǹʱЩЦãȻҪҲӹǹؿŷɤڣ㣬ã
ۡ
ûסֱЦüʱסԼ͡
꣬ǿסЦ⣬ûôƭˡ
ģôʮŮɣ
ռ˵ĸоˬһǼСҲ⼸꣬԰ϺԱ籺󣬲Ļᡣ
Ķĵܻܵûͷ˸ԼҪüı˵֣ܵҲûʲôԵġ
𿴵úܿ
īطݼЦÿģȻҲƽ顣
ԹԽԼʱ
ʰú󣬷ָһ
ѧҽ
ûӦƺŵùǺܿͻˣεЦЦ˵Զ
ѧ
СʱЩ̫̣˳ڽǮ޷԰ΣҲȡäϹ
Ҫȥѧҽ򲻿ܵģ
ҳЩҩҪȥ
ΪԼԷһ飬㲻ֻҪǼഥҲԡ
ֻǾôİ꼡ഥΥŮܲ׵Ĺء
ֻҵĽˡ
ĻȴʵЦ
ƤȻͦģô굱䣬Ҳе㶥סæĵذ˰֣һһ㣬ŪŪСѡ
ţ
ãؿŪС
εЦأ㿴ʱҲˣСҲҰǧιˡأҲõʱˡ
ص˵ͷȻȴԵ
ƽյܣСӲߣ忴ȴʮֵĽǰĲһ綼ⴵܵԼ׳ʵͷţ
¥ʱ򣬷ǰŰŹ¥ȥֻܰ§ȥ
ȵǰ԰׵ɫڸǲסֿʼԡ
ǧĽʵǰ۰򣬶ӣʮﶼסҪõС㣿
΢ȣžΪ⻰ģæģеģ
һԵĵС״̲ס廰Ҳûаһţ
˵ţָָһװػʹõţţ̧ͷ巽߽һ
ǧ״ҲһԱӦ
ΣԵСǾˣˣҲλ㣬ܹ鷳ġ
Сû˵ʲô﷽ǧǣߵ˺ſڡ
ſڣȥ
վĻһʱ޴룬һؿŷ𣺡㡭Ҫϣ
֮ǰôҳߵģ
һ·ˣҲˣֻһͽǰС

ͬؿ꣬̾һָָаɣʾһ㿴úѧѧĻҲһˡ
īطݣ
СѾͷƢͦģ
û뵽ڣĶǳ٣һŸΡ
źǿصͷ˵סˣͬ㹲ƥǧ𣿡
Ȼأ㲻ѵԼͲ°ûȰԼˤˣ
īطݣ
СѾͷС죬ҲǺܶġ
ԣߴϽ
߶£һʮ־ӣѵ
һķһ˫೤Ůۣסƥ


248 һҪ

ݡ
ŮһƥӦʮֺгΨĻ档
Ȼǰǰλܹһ¡
ʱ״̬
߸ǰ棬Ůں档
ŮֱͲǺܳҪֻ쳤֣صǣǰ̫ˣڵסǰߣòԴҸ¼˹ȥػ
īط̧Ÿ첲ҲеᣬεؿһŮҪǻһλã
Ůͷɵ㲻
ЦԽҡô
룬ͬ顣
Ͼȷʵǳ֣Ȼص·ô
ǣ˸λá
ϵ
ʱ򣬲Сߵӣʹǧܵ˾ţһ¡
ûʲôӦŤͷһɷףɫؽץ
šüȷԣ
һƶص˵ͷҿԣ
˳ǣĵû뵽ӻͦǿģеˤȥô졣
Ҳ治룬һͳ¡
ͷʹһ
Ťͷʱ򣬾ͼϰѾƽȥˡ
ۼֿ죬һץסһͰӲק˻
쳤ץֱۣôһקϰȣֱӾͰĶͷϿȥ
ֻöͷʲôĶһ㣬ܿɿˡ
ȴһɲǺòС
Īؿɵˣ
򴽣û˵
ļ˵һ㣬ҪˤȥɾĻˡ㿴Сôÿ˶ϧ
īطݣ
ҪûǴĻС˵Ļɣ
šҡһעġ
˵ţȵĺĶͷϡ
÷̲סȥתͷǰ棬סһӣǧ
ʮľ˵ԶҲԶҲǿġ
ֻߵشƫƧСûж
С˺һҵҽݣȥ
ϴȻ˶ȴ˵ûнⶾķӡ
һ£ⶾô
ϴۺ룬ɷнµ˵ϷʮأδֵĶⲻˣﻹǴС๫ȥɣ
𣺡С๫ʲô
ûнҩûнҩ
ô۾Ųʹˣ
²۵ĳ嶯ȥһҽˡ
ֻû뵽ҽݵĴǰλҪˣȻΪǳԻ˶Ӷѣ
𶼿ȥˣߡ
ǲ׵Ĵͷԣղҿ๫ٻһΣٿһΣ
Ťͷܲغ๫ͷ
һ¡
ߴ˺ܿ뿪ҽݡ
СѰһ죬Ҳֻҵҽݺһҽ
ˣֻʱһҿջͣЪϢһҹʵڲУվʹȥһ򿴿
ֻǡ
ššü겻̫õɫʵںܻܲܳŵõҵҩʱ
Ҳǲµ뷨Ц˵㣬ûϵģ治ҵҩֻ˵ˡ
һ⻰Ͳˣ߶õ·ôͲˣҪȥ̫Ϫˣ˵̫Ϫиرҽܽ涾ֲԶ϶Ҳεģ
̫Ϫ
һɻؿʣҪȥ̫Ϫ
˵ͷţҪȥҲһȥˡֻĻǾͲһֱһ
˵ͷʣΪҪȥ̫Ϫ
̣ĻҲûصȥһˡ
˭

ûлش𣬶Ťͷһ꣬ܲôʲô˵ˣҲûϵ
īطݣ
ҵľңô͸ûϵ
⻰Ҳ˵ڣֻ˷ǰĴ𰸣Ѿ㹻ˡ
һ˵ģǱѵ˵С̹ίֿЩ̣оԼ۸һСһʱ
ʵȥҵˣǶ˵ǳҪһˡ
ţ
͵̧ͷĿؿ
𱻿Щ˼Ǽ˵ҾͲܸ˵ˡ
𣿡
׵ɫЩСʧ
û׶ӰĿԼ֣Ȼʧ
ֻһ䡮ȥҵˣǶ˵ǳҪһˡѾޱˡ
СѾͷȻȫ


249 Ǯࣿ

Ŵﵽ̫ϪҪʱ䡣
ֿ˿һԵܻ꣬Ÿ̫ϪָҪҽġ
Ǻ鷳ģ⼸ദ
ִֵȣֻԪԽ飬ʲôһ£ͺԼڷ
ȻԪǸƿòǧһ
Ȼǧǣȥʱˣŷ˻š
īطݿȥһɣͬһӶ
Ǯࣿ
īطָָǧֿġ
ǧæ˵ͷһίؿŷ
𣺡ϣŷŽռＸΣôҲôɾˣ
ǮĻҵġ
īط˵ţóһƱݸ˷
Բ۾һһžһֵƱʱúеѡ
˵õСأ
˺кСôƱ
ɣ˵游Ǯ׵ϵЩӵ׶Ǵģ
͵͵ġ游ס꣬˲ǮС˶֪

ĻǻȥǮׯȡ
˵ţóһСӡƣȫطֲǮׯеӡƣӡǣÿһӡƶŲһĶֲʾӡƳߴ洢Ǯׯʽλ
鸴ӵؿһϵؽԼСǮǮģоԼǹĿɶˣ
ˣ
Ϊ˲Լıռ˵ԼǮԼúŰɣ
īطݣһ㶼Լš
ϢһȻƥǧǾֻһˣҳȥһ£ܿͻ
ͬһȥ
͵ӣҪĲ
ͣ½ŲŤͷֵ嶼ˣʲôһȥȥأİɣҲһߵġ
򴽣Ҳûлش𣬵ǹԹԵվԭأûи
뿪󣬺üλͷȥȷûżæȥˡ
īطݡ
ȷʵ·£ոѾŵˣô϶ɳ顣
ҲŰڷڣϢˣѹסڵĶء
ֻǵϢһʱ򣬺ȻԾص
īط͵۾ŴǴ
һ㱻ƿһϤӰ˽
ӣ
īߴһ£īطݵһ̣˷ˡ
ˣ
īطݿһۣʣīһأ
īżϵ˴Խ֮󣬾ҲˡҲûѰӡǡ
īطѹסʣأŵˣ
ѾͬϵˣүӺλȻεļƲȻգȴܺõڱЩĿ˻ᣬǵҲҵ˲ٵӦ
īطݵ˵ͷīһʧ٣ɼȥѰҡ
īףֻӣүӹʲôʱȥ
īطݿһۣʱȥ
ΪΣ
īֵʡ
īطݵΪˡ
ָĹ
š
īطݳһ󣬼Ϣ
īվһƵúܣôȻôɺϵغأ
ԣȵȡ
Ű
ǷĹѹϲӰɣ
ī߾Լе£ʱ̫Լʲô
ȻīطѾҪʱظˡ
Ͼӵգ֮ϣģֻǸ沢ҴϢ
īת˼СؿīطʣӣͷĹˣûϳʱŵЩ飿
ǰīطݱ㿪ʼﻮīصӦ
ЩӦصúģүεһľս
εƻҲǵõīͬ⣬ǲŸīطݵȥȫ
Ҳһ룬īطݻȥ
鲻й˵Уīǰһȫ帲һˡ
īЩżīطһ󣬾ͲȥҪˡ
īط֪ʲôֵϢһֽ󣬶īߵһͬһ̫Ϫһˡ
īԣɫ΢䣺ӣ̫ϪǱ߲Ѿ
֪һţȥͬ˵ɽׯţʱ죬Ὣֱӽӵطǡ
ī΢㶣˼ǡ
īطݵһҲøˣȥīһһ
ǡ
īȻɻ󣬵ҲҶԣӦ˻󣬾ͼæˡ


250 ʮˮƽ

ī뿪īطҲ˶ġ
īߣȻԼ߱¶ݡ
Ͼߣûô̹ݡ
̫ϪĻҪµʱ䣬ĻҲҪʮҡ
ȥͬʱڳϱһЩҪǸԪԵġ
ԭ˳Ӷһ򣬵ȴûҵʵѡ
Լ
ڶһ磬קŽԪ
ǧѾԣԷҲԼԹԸܡ
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͹Եòеںܡ
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ԣ飬ӶóƱ峺жˡ
֪ʲôʱʼҲԼˡ
⡮֣еƫһֵĸо֣
ҲͲƽϡ㡯ˡ
ϾռҲãóþա
ݳһƱǮȻҲûܾĬĬս˿ռ
Ǯ׬ɵӡ
ȻǮɵӣ˼ռɵӵıˡ
ãԼȥ̫ϪҲԵЩƱˡ
ϾҪطǹ¥ĻǮǷַϰ˵ģ
һ뿪طǣȨ䵽ǮȻûýĿڴˡ
ۣ޲ھͰīطץһ٣ԱԼķŭ
¸ӻеʱ䣬磬͸Ͻ˯ɡ
˵ţһĶͷƻ
īطݵȥ
ĳ£˵ߡ
ĺȻһЦǴĳȫ֮ɫ
ǣɵѾͷ
ૣһЦ⣬˸Ƿ̺ϲˡ
֪Լİݸ
Ϊ·ʱӳҲīطݵĵǼˣԸʱҲӿٶȡ
ֻû뵽ǣȻڼ̫Ϫؽʱɽ˵Ϯ
˵һθ˰ǨطǺ󣬶ûôԶš
ɽ֮࣬Ҳǵ;˵
ȴû뵽Ⱥܱ뺷̶ֳȣһһ
Ϊ㵹Ҳŵһ൹ȥ޷ˤ˸ͷҲˤ˳
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æץļż
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ŭˣķһŭ𣺡ĸ˵ﰵˣҪҪˣ
䣬ʹڳ˼Ӱٶȼس߿
٣
𱻱Ƶ̲סֿڣ׼ؽռ
ȻһŹǼӰһ˳
ȺŮŲ£ȴһɷģƤڣӰСùĸȴǸ룬Ƥ𪣬ûЩΣһ̺ۣĿ⿴ر䣬һ˿ɱ⡣
ôҲǼСˣܵظо˵Ĳ򵥣ʶȥ
˭
ǾŸˡ
ȴû˵һȺм䣬ӼˣһЦС˭Ǿɽˣʶľ͸ϽֵǮĶͱ¹ϸ缸ǲˣ
һ⻰ʲôס
ʲôɽˣ޳ɽ
գ޲ֱͳǹ⼸˵ԹӣȴΪɵǸ߸ˣò»
ֻ߸ˣô;ô죿
ֹ죿
īطݿʱѾȵòУⲻʧٲõīһô
һʧٲȥɽˣ
īطɫˣֻΪټϴƤߣԲҰ׵ñȽۡ
ܸоı仯Сشյʣô£ѵʶǸ߸У


251 īһ

īһǼݵվǰȴһʶӡ
īط΢΢üĵĲ²⡣
ԷīҵĻ
īң֪īң
һ£ҲܴԼʲôΣ״̬ץĸ첲ʣ㵽ģô֪īң
걻ʵ΢΢һ㶣˵̫ϪڵȪǡ
ԣӸˣǧ㣬û㵽Ԫ꾹ȻҲǴ̫Ϫģ֪Ļīҷʲô鲻úˣ
ԡ
ո˵ʲô
߸īҵĻ
īһ
ֲô죡
͵ؾˣ߸оīһ
īطݵ
ضīһץֶȻ˵
𡭡
ʹһСغһ˵ҼȻ֪ôܹӦЩʲô
Ҳ侲īһǲ˵īطҲڣ
ѵīطݳºɽɽˣ
ιʲôûôεɾӸ˵ĻûǰɣֵǮĶҪǵĹ
˹׺ݵػӶĴ󵶡
ɨһīһŤͷԼеҪֵǮĶҲԣҪǵͷͷ
ͷͷ
⻰ͻȻЦôָŷƾСѾͷƬӣͷͷ
ǣֱʲô
ţ磬ҿǻǲҪСëϻˣֱӰ˴Ͻɽȥɣ
ǰСȻó󣬵ôŮģկкöֵܴģץȥҲа
Ҳˣ춯
Щһһĸͳ˹ȥ
ǸŹīһʱѹ𣬾Ͷŷ꣬ԾҪǣܵĻᡣ
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ԥ˼Ӻջ˾ѡʱЭ
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һѷݺŮʧ˵˹ûǮһ㶼ûУСɾѾûˣ
𣺡ȥѾߣȫҶѾߣ
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κεطҪȫ
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ʲôۻ˰ɣ
ˡԣ׬˼ƱѾʵˣһƥͱϵţǸϽȥϴǰȥɣ
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ϹɶأϴѾаˮˣҪСס𣿡
ⲻסֲ˵ģСһҪ͸ϴ󣡡
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̸۵ˮʱĿⶼƮ
īһկֽаˮ
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ⲻҪ⣬صǣϴͰˮ
ϴīط
īطݿˣ
ôīһ
Լһ£ʱѵĸо
ֻʵԼԲӡ
ôҲţİݸ硭˰
ôˣ
īطɫԽԽѿĵҲ̲סæѹչȥСѯš
оԼŲе鸡СҲţ˳ǣѵػصûû¡
ûˣ˵ʵ
ϹϹûõģ
Ұοţ˵вģһ·Ϲһ·ȻīһüΡ
īطݾ;òԾˣҲīһüΡ
īһޱ飺
вϿʲô


252 е

ȥ
һկ󣬷ͱعѺһС
ֵͲһգͷǸҤңȫǽ棬յʲôûС
Ҳ˵ҪܵĻֻһſԳȥ
طΪգûʲôƵòС
ԭԪҲһģֺȻקȥˣ˵Ҫϴ󿴣
ʱޱȺˡ
֪ԼӦðװϵ̥ڵһ£㲻ȥϴ˾ˣ
ôҲûɶˡ
ԪѾߣֻվС뷨ôȥ

Ѻīطݵ˾īһ
ޱīطݵӡ
īطݳûʲôˣſںһīһ
īһûлӦǰš
īطӾȷڣǰҲīһҲīһʲô飬Լʧ䣬Ӷϲˡ
Ƚеڶ̽ȷĲīһ
īط΢䣬һţһɨŵʯӣŲʱýżһöʯͷīһĺȥ
īһǱܷӦָ̧֣ͷס˴ӺǿʯͷȻתɫ˪ضīطݣʣӵģ
īطݳ˳ǣɫ̹Ȼǡ
īһššü㲻˵ʲôʯͷ󣬼ǰߡ
ȻֻôһС̽īطȷˡ
ǰˣǳīһīһˣ
ΪոǿߣоаϮʶƿȥ㣬ֻīһᷴȥӰ
ھͿȷϲԼǵڶֿԡ
īطݲż취īһ
һľͷһīһͰһǰ
洫Ů
ûиǲɽȥǵʣɽȥˣ
ϴ⻹Ϊկ˵οǴȫʤ
Ǿǣϴǻ˸СͷͰˮһźٺ١
ޡΪһԣ
Ůܻһţܸоķŭ
īطݳ˳ǣҲû뵽կӵɽͷͷȻǸŮˡ
ǸīһϵǳŮˡ
뵽⣬īһĿӸˡ
īһ˺üΣǰ̣ȴ̲סˣīطݣСֵܣΪʲôǿңѵʶң
īطݷʣ㲻ǵˣ
īһšüǵ㣿
īطû˵ųĬΪǰķű˸ˡ
ݺһѽͷק°ȻƵһŮ˵ĸǰ˷ܵ˵ϴ㿴СɱȰˮζˣȻǵ㣬ѽͷָܸСӳ
īطݱǰƣҲۿƤϵŮǸʲôģ
Ƥ𪣬ӸޣֻŹڿģ˵Ļ͵̧ͷ˹
īطɫ䣬ڵӸһŨҵ
ԭ԰׵ӣĵԽɭ˼֡
MMһͱͨıϢŵô˸ӶĲȥˣ˺ü˵˺üվڳϣƵָŰݺˣô£ʲôʱ˵ϲˣ
ݺƵԴǰͷС˵ϲһģӸߵģһЩɾޣܸ껭һÿ

MMըˡ
Ȼû˵ʲôڷĻȻһ
ȥ̸ܡ
MMɫ䣬Ŷȥ
ݺһ±ƣզ°ö˶˵ôأ
īطݣ
īһȥéˡ
ݺˣŶŶǰˮСɾȵȣȥСôˡ
˵꣬߿ˡ
ֻʣīطݺīһ
īطݿīһЦ㲻ˡ
īһ㵵ؿô֪
Ϊ֪˭
īطݳ˵뿪Ҿ͸㣬㵽˭
īһɵĿΣſڵҪûҪ뿪Ҳû֪ҹȥ˭

īطû뵽ЩȻīһ˵
ˣͲɻ˶԰ɣ
īһؿͱѾ˼Ҵկ뿪ˣǹԹԴMMɣ
˵⻰Ťͷߡ
īطվǳһ
ôһ˲Ļɣīһûʧ䣬ΪΪŪӣ
߾þûôͨˬˣ
īһճȥãǸŶܵŮ˽
ڷվŵ꣬MMɫ΢䣬ƿڴ˹ʱȻһ졭
ȻʲôҲ˵ٴתܳȥˡ
ܻЪ˹ش󺰣ÿռéʺǸϽ
īطݣ
ΪʲôеϤ
ʱһ


253 Ȼ

MMҲӿĸоϤ
éʱĪ뵽Լʮһ١
ʱ׳ǴʵС椣˳Ѿ
֣һ׵簮£ø
оԼȫ˶ǳ˹֡
ֱһÿСкһ飬޲ϻؼȥͯ
Ȼ뷨ûеõʵ֣Σ
տʼΪֻǳԻ˶ӣһͰ˸ˣûû˯һѪˡ
ԭΪֻһ⣬ȴû뵽ڶοǸ޺ÿСкʱٴη
Ϊ֣ʱûܽé
ʷֱǲҲ̶á
ΣMMʱΪǳԻ˶ӣȻܿģ˵Σ
ΣҲǸÿСк·ģ
С£Ҳаֱ׵͵͵ȥСкһۣ
뵽MM̲ססԼǾСʱĺʷˡ
һСкӡ
żκӾֱСֱ֣СкһӰ뷽Ĵ壬Ѿݵòˡ
һԲҲ˼°͵ĹѾMM
òſ
뿪Ĵ壬Ͷصĵܵܣȥ᷽Ĵ壬Ͳǹȥ顣
񡭡
MMéɪɪܾͷվŵ겻һˣ
㲻þǵǸһ۾ͻ̲סӵСк
MMܼѵشéʱСϵܻڲԶæȵǰ˵ϴû°ɣǲǳԻˣ
MMݺݵصһۣ׺ݵʣ㵽״ץˣʲôֵģ
ݺСϵܱʵһ±ƣô˰ϴ·ϴģи̥ǵĳ˹С˵ʲôԪɣ
Ԫ
ûãǸˡ
ҪûǴ˽ʲôݲŶԡ
ܿ죬;òԾˣʲô̥ǵСǣҹȥ򣡡
ŶŶСͷˣϴʹȥ
ݺСϵܼææǰͷ·
СݾܷţֻСҤȵǱߡ
MMʹСͷҲûͷˣòУֻСϵܵţ˵˵ɵⶼЩʲô¶ȥҴˣºãɷǸҴٻ˰ɣ
Ȼûȷͷ˵ǲǸѾͷԤк׼ʮа˾žǣ
ݺίòУϴٲȥ٣կӿͽҲˣʱһٶ˿ɶҪȲƹĻզ
MMɸ֣ǶҵڣҾͻǸǰɣ
ݺ˲˵ˡ
MMòУ̲סҪȥȷҤŵĵǲǷġ
һҧ԰ݺ˵һȥСקҿ
ݺ־ˣϣ
Ҥôȥ
ֻǷӻûȰկӵͷͷˡ
ɽ˽װͰ͵غ䣺ϴҪ㣡
𱻺ԹۣҲǴҤ̫ˣȱµġ
һԷ˵կͷĿҪʱҲ˾񣬷ǽվȥ
Ѿȷ˷ǸóûʲôֵСǣԶҲûôľģʱ򶼰ѰϵӶɰˡ
ҲʲôΣԡ
һһĸ첲ߡ
ɫŨ¹࣬Ӱ涡
𱻼ŵһͤ£ͷ˵ƣŸζȿĹӵġŮˡ
ǵģŮˡ
Ϊֹ൱ףôŮĻľٶǳоµĲλεظǿνϴ󣬾ȻǸŮģ
ɫÿ
īһڣīطݲڣʲô
˵īطڣǺŮ˹ϵǳ˶կӵϴ
īһҳ϶ȣôܻϱӣ
߰˲٣Ҫ̲סԽԽˡ
ʱһ̧ͷͿԭྐྵӵŮӶģֱؿ
ĿӶ䡣
ܸоԷԼġһ˿£
ššüͬϸŮӵݡ
ŮٲƫһЩȽϾйԡ
ļǲģǵԼŮ˼档
Ů˴ʱ˿̵ı飬ʶһ
Ȼ㣡
Ů˾վʱɫɥʹشӣŭָץŷ첲İݺˣţ궿ˣ


254 

ţһ±Ƶվզզѽ£
ô궿أ
MMִͣߴϽ˴ȥǰ
ţ
𣺡
Ҳʲô߲ɣ
ôŮ˼˹һ
ȵȣ
վŲһ䡣
MMŤͷܣ䣬ɿ죬һͲټ
𣺡
ڿȷˣŮ˾ʶ
MMܵ죬ۼžҪܻԼͷˡ
һ뵽ﻹһɲס˽Ųȥīһ
ˮȥͷеģǲǽаݣ
īһֵؿMMʶ
MMߴٵͱôˣ˵ȥ
īһȷʵû׷ˣȻƿŽݡ
MMֻܰſ˵ĶԻͲҴֽͷ¿꣬ԼҪ̲סʺⷭӿ
īطݵϰ֮ˣõMMſ͵ǵĶԻ
īһѯʱ͵طһ䣺˵ǣǾͻǣ
īһšʡ
īطЦһۡ
īһĿбӣתߡ
MM˵ĶԻˣֻͷˡ
īһһѽץסܲˮӣ׻᲻ʻ
īһšüᣬҪMMԼȥʣ
MMѪ
ⲻǲܼ
ҪܼĻõ㹦ܽȥˣ
ȵȡ
MMһ飬뵽һõķӣʲô鶼û𣿡
ʲô
īһһɻؿ
MMæߴﹾ˵˼仰
īһȻǺôĿģǴӦж
ȻīطݾͿǸֵŮ˵Ŵͷ߽
ǰһȴīһ
MMûĸоˣѹûҩΡ
Ծīطݺͷرаţ뱣׵İȫ룡

Ҥ˫ֻأֱضվſڵţ
կôһŮͷͷ
ţһۣôģ㻹Ҫͷͷ뵱կѹկˣ
һڣҪ
ڵڶԷĵϣ
ǸЦ룬Ҹ͸ϴѹկ๫ҪǿСӵİɣ
㡭磿
ţһŵָŷ
ܲĿֱôǲţԪҸ磬ȥʡ
ŶŶԭСнԪأֽʲô
𵭶΢Ц治ɫسѵҽн𱦱
𱦱ȡ֣

˳ǣ˼Լȡġ
ţЦһ󣬲ֱԷ˵СٳСͲһ㳤ôôÿѾ߻ɣ
Ѿǵһˣ̥ǶŰ˼֣ҧгݵţŵѪ׸㿴ҪĲͲͬĸˣ
ţһ⻰ɷнµص˵ͷ⵹еˡ
˻ϽҰϾϴСˣ
ŲŸŲʲôϵʲôСӣͬĸֲһ̥㲻㻹ͬϣСϹ£ȻϾͰ͵կһʮϹĿȥ
𣺡˵Ȼв
ô󣬳֮⣬ûмеô˵ģ
ʵ޿ˣţ֮ȥҽԪһ·
Ȼ벻ǡ
ûҵԪ˾Ѿѱˡ
īطݺMM̸һκȷ˶Էݡ
MMīطǼɵģԼǰʱûιȥ
Ȼ²ֻ࣬һ׵ľ룬ı
MMôˣ˺þòŻعīһīطݺͷһ͵ɽȥ
ôߣ
ţ֪⣬ȥMMȰϴ㿴ϸƤģһǳ˼ңָǿһǮƻ
MM׺ݵصһۣ֮ƣҲǶС壬ǰҵ³ˣ
ţɫ䣬վҧгݣһʱ֮䲻֪ôĻ
ǴĵﲻѺòץֻߵģ
MMҲС˼Ťͷīһȥ˸ˣ˼ĶҲˣ
ܣ
ţ⼤ŭMMǱɽˣľıƺĹôȥMMҸ㣬Ҷǲŵģ㲻Ϊկϰٿ˵Ŀ룬ǾͲկӵʱϴ󣡡


255 ̸

̸ˡ
ںҪīһڣMMŻͷīطһΪ
ţǴСͳկģҲMM
MMܱ֮ΪϴҪΪկһկĸ磡
һկΪɽ٣ӲʯͷԼ涪ˡ
Լĵܵܲʹ಻ѣȰկĳǴҪ캦ˡ
һܴһϲԴĺӣ
Ǽկ׳һΪٶʧȥҲǱ˵öҡˡ
⼸꣬߾ȫظկӣҲկδԣС
ۼկӵԽԽãЩɫˡ
ŸҴһ˳ȥԼ׹Ůկӡ
ȻҪԭīһĴڡ
֪īһոǿԱıŮŷĵش뿪
ֻMMԼҲ벻߼أţһھộܽȲҪزپҵ
زپҵҲˣƫƫɷǡ
MMˣҲţīһīط͵ѺСݺԼɴԱȥˡ
걻ֱ˽æǰסżѯʣôû°ɣ
峺˵㲻õңǲôġ
ԣԼؿڣǾͺãһΪİץȥѹկ๫ˡ

īطݲ֪ôش⡣
MMۿһ۶ңôѹկ๫
οҲ̹ˡ
MMǵķĴһѾ
͵ֵֹĲͻ̲סӡ
īطݶ⻰Ǳʾɵģܿ뵽˷
СѾͷϲ˺ܶܣ㲻MMֲҲǷµģ
ûMM˵
īһ£ҲʹMMˡ
MM˵īһͷʱһġ
ʱˣʣһ˻˴򣬲űסһ
ֻǱסˣȴˣ˼ǵԼһ֮⣬䶼ǲ
ҲǿīһŽʱկȡаˮ
MMҪȥɴ£ŮկǲģͰīһҲһͬˡ
MMŮ˵ûôۡ
˵Ķһˡ
˳η
īط˵һ¡
ֻҲ벻תô죬MM˵Ҫͷţ췴ˡ
Ҫô죿
īطݼװСŷ䡣
ҧָԲߡ
ҪСӳȥʲôѶȣѵҪôկӳȥ
ʱ۲ˣկɽθӣҪϤˣûô״߳ȥ
Ǿа취ӳȥҲҪҸ򵼣˳ɽ
Ҫīһīطôɽ
еᣬ̲ס˿վǰꡣ
ϵĶҲǲ˵ģָʲôʱͱʱɾ·ҲȲˡ
ھѵľء
ʱ뷨Ӵ̽ݵϢǸϽ뷨ӳȥĽԪҽβ
𡭡ʲô
īطݼ棬ָ׶ҧˣЩۣæ˼
ȴ֪޾ӦСֹʵҲǲͬʱа
˵ʲô
ʲô鲻ǲͬʱУ
īطϰ䣬仹ǺʹģֹĻɻ
СѾͷʲô⣿
ĹʵҲܼ򵥣뷨ټǸ͸˹һŮһ档
ǰǸ棬Ů˵ĵλǲһġ
ҪܰŮ˻¸ˣҲܱüЩ
Ӧϣڲ߽ˣ
𣿡
īط̧֣ڷǰ˻ӡ
һץס֣˵Ԫ֮ǰץȥǵͷͷǸŮ˰ɣ
īطݵ˵ͷˣôˣ
̸ʲôˣûѹկ๫
īطһ飬˵˵ǸŮ˽MMⲢǡǸţģȴMMҪǷߵľ
ףMMҪߣ
ǵġ
̫ˣ
һ֣ʱ˷ܵòУӦļƻȫʵʩˣ
īطݿʵΪ˵ã
ӦƻҪΪīطݣȻԪ˵̫࣬͹棬ʵܵ˵ڧǲл͵ܳȥоˣǸаˮģѧϰյģѶԸҪа취ˣ϶˳ɽȥ


256 ˸һɶ

īطݿһıģɵʧЦҪϻǮ𣿡
סˡ
ǮȻеģһ١
ǣҲȷǸСˮľīһ
ȻҲʱīһѣⶼȥ߰ˡ
Ǹˮϻа̺ۣһϴô죿
īһǮóһµģ˻ͷҪ
ǡˮѣСǮǮȫˮƯ
Ϊīطݣҧ˾
᲻źײǣ᲻²ɽûҲҪУɫ£
սȭͷ־Ȼ
īطݣ
ɫգ
СѾͷҲҰ⻰˵һ飿

ǷMMҲòС
˿һ۸ľͷһվīһ˵㣬˭˰ھͲӸϽŪɽȥ𣿡
ţ˶յīһȻҲǼɵġ
ױȲ˶࣬Ȩء
ţߥ޼ֵȥկһһ˵MM˳µرˡ
˭Ļţܳȥīطݺͷֻ򣬻˼ſš
īһҲ˿ض
MMʣīһҲΣǲ֪ҺȵĲˮʲôȫޣ˵ˣվŶе㡭Ѿ
䣬ղŻվűͦˣȻһֱ̱ϵȥ
MMһӳϱҪˤȥīһ
٣ǲǻоͷΣ
īһô֪ȷʵΡ

MMû˵ˣû뵽ţ⼸ɥĲģΪ˴ˣԼկ˶¶
׼ԺɳɥĲ
MMԼӲȥԲţȨɹ
Ϊıկ״һŬȫ׷ˣ
MMżϻǶˡ
ڣڷⲽ˺þ֮뵽˸⣡
ȥҷīطԲߣ
аŵĺܣ㲻ܽţأ
MMʮֹۡ
˵Ǯ¸ŵСãźҹСð͵Сȥ
Ҳû뵽ԼôٴμMMˡ
ֻ˼棬鶼
MMãһ仰ǲе죿
MMһʶҪһԵ꣬ĿڿӴԷʱӲ˻
ǿҪӵĹֲˣ
MMһϵ麹뵽īطǰ˵һЩɵЩơ
īطݸûи˵Լݣ
MM˵ʵһ¡
ϳζûҪľˣʷҲóЦϡ
MMһٴζϷӵĿʱ϶Ц⣺Ǻǡ˵ЦˣҴСկﳤɽû¹ΣˡҪĻҲǹĿ
ϵ̥ǣֱǿһ۶Եĸ˱־ˡ
ȻMMҲô꣬һϳݡ
˵ɷǣΨֱ֮
ֲϹȻóMMеŹ֡
ʱMM֪Ǹаˮ
ֻǵѻʳڵʱMMĿˡ
ܲ
MMѹڴʲô⡣
˵ȫīط˵ˡ
ΪʲôҪһ飿
īطݡ
Ϊѹû취īطʲôͨ
ǵѡˡʵش𡯣ѻشīطݵĻֶԷ˵һ顣
Ȼ
һצӣԽƶīطݳ顣
Ϊīһô䵽˵ڵĵزأ
òУҧҧָףMMԣǾ;Ȼһˮûмˣ
MMҡҡͷûС˼㻹ʶˮ
ʶ
ЩվMM߹ȥ
MMԼӣæȵվ𶯣
īطҲȥԼҲҪæס˷ߵMMҲЩ֣һһԼľأǻСΪϡ
֣
ʲô֣
ƽյȫô׬ȥˣȻҪЩıƣֱķա
īطĺ󱳣ѹߣᣬѭѭյǰ㲻֪֪īҵδüͬ˵ͱˡش⣬Ȼشҵ⡭
˵
һץĸ첲׷ʡ
һԵMMҲôˣضǰĽԪꡣ
˼Ƭ̣ššüǰҴ̫ϪȪӳ·ʱԣī⼸ƺ̫̫ƽһǰīһѻ𣬰ī˸һɶ


257 ίȢ仨

ҪҵǸ˵ʮҪˣīˣ
졣
ȫ˵ģī˸һɶĻ
ˣ
һǰ
Ϊʲôü֮ǰīطݾͲϢˣ
Щ£꿴ʱֻһһ϶ţɾʲôȥ
𣿡
𣡡
īطݰθŮ¾۽㶵ؿ
ôһ˲䣬ЩڵĶѵġ
īҵ飬ڼؼʱڣױ¶
MMϣΪMM֪Լīˡ
ȴͬ
ЩͷͨŲδڣҲ˵īң˶֪ͷĹϵ
ǰͷͨţҲΪ˱ܵǣ
Щͨǲдģô׶ţ
ɴ׶Ҳ˶ţһ¾ҪΪ˵в͡
Ϊ˱ֲҾ緢Ͱ˸¸µߣɰš
ԽĶĿڶࡣ
طǳϢ©ȥˡ
в۾š
Ҳð˼գҲֻܽƾͼƣϷȥ
üŷȥһ̫Ϫ
Բµģ
ڵһվᶨޱȵ³仰
īطݼһ
˭һԵMMȴ۾תθ˵һ䣺ر̫Ϫīǿ̫ˣ˵һѴ˶ӳһҹȫճɻҽһ˶û£
īطݣ
𣺡
ǰһ£ɫɨMMκɫ
ߣȴܴȫпʵ彩Ӳվԭأ죬ȫճɻҽˣ
MM۾һྐྵһ߶ΣհûУ˵ǿɲǣ˵ɲˣճ̼ôڵʬһһߵشͷ̧˳ٸǱ߲ˣǳıɱΪȫûһ˻ųȫսˣ֮ǰѾ¶ˣŹûŹ
죡
īط޿̣ȳ
MMʶ졣
ǻѾȫ˵ˣҲˣҲˣʱʧǡ
īطݲڷǰôء
ʬȷʵģεļƻı˰꣬Ϊ˲©һӦⳡ˲޹֮ˡ
ģȫˣ
MMʳôһ䡣
MMԥ룬˵ͷٸǱôͨġ
īطݿŷʧǡܴģɵۣѹ˵Ϊ档
仰ذѷˡ
ͫٴξ۽ݺݵص˵ͷ˵öԣûٵģճɺ̿ˣҲҪĹǻҸDNA
ҧгݣᶨ
һԵMM䲻ˮҲɽȥ˷صذʬ嶼һˡ
𲻹˵ʲôʵ϶а취ɽ
MMһܲѱָǰҶȨ
ҧȨףֻҪɱǸţˣ
ɱˣոԹԣ
MMûݵ£ȻɽˣҲֻıƲʵôܣôɱɽˡ
ȻΣ
˫ȭգѾûϹ󹤷ˡ
īطһûµġ
ô꣬ٷǻջˮָͣҲзӻţ
ʱ˿ֻ̣ſȥŵīطݣ
ҵиӣԳҰ͵ɽȥǲ֪ϲˡ
MM°ͣȻ
׷ʣʲôӣ
MMţδ䡣
ʲô˼
˼ǣţûԸȢԸ⽫һ£Ȣ仨ĻȾٰʱҿھϯҩȻկӴңͰˮһɽ
īطݣ
һȢ仨
Ͻɱɴ࣡
īطݵڵòУҧгŭMMΪβðˮίһ£գ飬ܳɹʧ񣬶ܸ
MMֵа仨ϲˮðˮúˣ
īطݣ
ܺãѾͬղŰ뷨ˣɴֱӵɱţ
ɽʮּУīطݵ֣ԪҲûʲôξ͵ǰвУȥȢһ仨ɣ
īطݵԲ۾ҧгݣһһУ
£ϷΣҶȢһĪŮˣǼװҲУ
īطݺڳ̬൱ʮֿܡ
MM⻰Ҳεʼ磬ʾǾûķˣֻлܰկ˶ۼһ𣬷կڶ˰֣ɽ·;ҲѲ߶ӣ㰢ˮӣҲֻӳСݡ


258 Ψһ

һMMĻ
īһոǿģֻܴͽԪӳСݣ˵կȷʵе㳬
ƼͿǿøǹɴȫˡ
MMѾ߳ӣͷ˵ҲȻͱˡҸղŵǺúÿǰ仨ţıãҪǳɻ飬϶ȫկӵ˶Ҫȥףأǿ뿪Ψһˣ
īطݣ
Ťͷīطݡ
߻ͷһ˵ģ
֪ǲͬģҲôǿһȥȢһԼ涼ûһεİŮˣȷʵΪѣҹڶϷ
ˮɲˣǾֻ辶ŮװȻȥȢ仨
뷨һͷ·ǴĴš
ͷͣˣȻ㲻ȢΣ
ȢİŮˣŮװǿ԰ɣ˵ԣھʹ㣡
ݺݵص꣬˵һ֣һ߹ȥļơ
īطҲû뵽ͷָָϵ̥ǣΣ
ȻԱͬҲЩ𣬵ò಻Ǻܴ󣬷ԼѥżЬ棬߸һ
Ψһ谭Ƿϵ̥ˡ
ܼ򵥵ģֻҪױͿˡ
شʮ⣬˵𲻴ӦŮװɣ
ҡ
ӦҲôӦϵĶû⿪ﵢһգһյ𣿡
īطݣ
Ըûиڶѡ
ˣôˣMMǾôɣ
īط΢΢ü˵һǾô˾ٲס
ʲô⣿
īطݵţ˹ǣΣ
⵹ǡ
°ͣ룬˵ǾMMٰңҲڽʱ䣬ҳȥͽðˮҡMM϶֣ӦӦⲻ󡣡
īطݣ͵컻գկ˲ôúŪġҡ
˿ǸӣΣôôӡ
仨ҲϹɣ
ˣⲻǲУѲ㻹иõķӣ
īطݵ˵ͷMMͰˮס
𣺡²ڶң
ûڶ㡣
õһ˵˷ϵĻȻկӱţȨMMɻ飬կ˵ֵͬĴ£Ҷۼһף»֮ϲԣ仨MM˭׶һЧ˵ǴõĻᡣ
ԣһͷϣɻȥˣ˭ɽȥߣMM׵ǲկ׵ƴŮȴկɻ飬һ֪ıţôɵⶼ
īطݣ
ܱ仨ϹϲĿס
ʵʩҵļƻɡŮӣҲ֪ôӦŮӣֻҪʱ䣬ָܺ仨׳ɹ
־Ȼ
˵죬ʵѾƻ仨̰㶨ˡ
īطס
MMڶֹһˣ֪˷ļƻ̲ס巽˴Ĵָ
Ȼھȥ
ҲЧʵģկ⼸꣬£
ȻȲţ֧ڶ࣬Сûеġ
·ܿͱ͹ˡ
ڵСīطݸռһ䣬ʼOO@@ػϵ·
ҪӣȻٰϵ̥ţ΢̥Ǳȥһɶ
֮װģMMһͬ͹ۣ֬ԼŪš
ζСݣīطݱŨҵζǺ˺ü硣
MMվſ⴦Ҳŵˣ˵ӣвУζôŨױģ
⻰ҲԼϵζʱһޱȡ
ȻζŨ۾ˡ
æʣµۣ֬һԼ죬߳ǽӰ
īطҲˡ
ͷһͬʱ߳
Ȼ˿ԷӲԭء
ͷ

ּͬʱڡ
īطӣϸشŷǰ۵
ûһɫ̥ǵӡǣһȥߣ¶ʵա
Ůѩ¹΢ܿϸ壬ٵľ½ޣνСôôӣϴһӳۡ
ԼôУ
īطݵ˵ͷС
ššü˿īطݴŮװģӵ¶ǺͼҲԵø󣬲Щ
ҲһʺŮװ
ԣļƻʧˣ
ſǴMMֺҿԽȥ𣿡
˵С
MMðſīطݾҪӵķգԲ۾˹ȥ
Ůװīطʱ̲סһЦ
ŹĻЦòѡ
ˣĲˣһͬ˵
ˣӣƨɣܵ죬ûӰӡ
Σ˴ļ򣬵ͦѽΪŮװӦúΥ͸У˭㾹Ȼ粻Ůˣ
ҧгݣϹôһź
īطݣ
ֻǹǼܿԵʵϡ
ˣ˵ˣ˵ֲ·֤ס


259 ţƤӣ

ƻAʧܣֻܽмƻBˡ
MMקͰˮɻ顣
MM⻰û°ͣŷ˵ӣûɣҺͰˮף˭ɽ
㲻ǻýǲУ
ȻУ
MMֱ׳ҳףǵҲ飡
𣺡Ǽٵĳס
MMǾ͸ӲˣҲɼףҪǰԣڣܸ˭Ҷûס

ͷͺˣҪҺͰˮף˰ɣ
У
׼
MMīطͬʾǿҵĲͬ⡣
ûˣץץͷʵڲǾֻɱȥˡ
MMʮ˵ʱկʬҰɾͱɱ˲գۣҵģ
MMǱȻ׺ŵˡ
ʱûҲŴţƤӣ
𣺡
ֻ۾ڴţƤˣ
˵ģģ
MMҲڵûˣһ̧֣˵ʵڲоͰ׺ˡ
ʧɫʲôЦ
īطݣֺ£
MM˳ǣţǿЦġ
īطݣ
ԽԽŮˡ
ٴ뽩֣MMͷ۾С۾ʱſںȻ𽥿ĽŲ
ƿŵīһ˽
MMȵؿ㲻ҩ𣿡
īһҩЧȥˡ
ĩˣīطݺͷ𣬳ɽ
ڣ
MMһۣʲôʱɽ·˶ţ
īһްЩ˴򲻹ҡ
𣺡
Ǿʵӵеš
ĬĬŤͷվһԵĽԪ̲꣬ס̣ôƫƫôϲСأ
ڵĹؼǣ취īһָ䣬ѯݸ䡣
īһȻܴīĴûΪŵīطӲ
Խ룬ԽȲ͵ͷӦˣǾôˣǸɽ
īطݣ
СѾͷôȻô˷
MM򴽣īһһ˸ö
īһĿĮȻš
ǾͰȥɡ
MM仰֮󣬾Ϳ첽߳Сݡ
ĪЩԾĿתīһϡ
īһδӣתһԵ˵Ҫʱ֧·ˣɽʱ䣬Ͷҹ
˵ͷá
˵ЩīһҲ뿪Сݡ
īطݶһۡ
ǰʣǽаˮģ죿
īطݷʣΪôʣ
ΪղŶ˵ûۿҡ
īطݳĬˡ
û뵽СѾͷôôͲ
µòĻīһӦѾָˡ
ȻΪϳԸղ˵ʱŻ
ҲãŮܲס
𣺡
ʲôƨɣɽʱ򣬲īһץ
Ҳôˡ
ֻҪ˳ɽһоͶǸƣ

Ҫɽ
MMصԼʱǳŵġ
ýİˮ֣һ˵ĸо
ѵָˣ
ߵߵ
MMֱӣ
֨ѽ
űƿ߽ոﻹˡ
īһɫţȽߵMMĸǰ
MMֱ۾ĿĴƮţεسǣ˵ˮҲǻʵɽ鲻ǿЦկӹţܣҪǵģͲկȥˡ
֪
īһ˵ͬһɽ֮󣬲
ʲô
MMһ£Ӷ죬ֻԼĵȻˣ
ָˣ
ǡ
īһҲĨǣ˵㸸׵ľ֮һģձضӿȪ౨
˭ҪӿȪ౨
MMڳϣСֹһ䣬įѹ
͡𣿡
Ǹ
īһҲܸӣһկļ䣬Ŀ
ҲδԼһջ
ݡƽ
ûѪȣҲûı
ҪڵϹѪӡ
ˡ
MMѾõҪĴ𰸣򴽣û̧ͷƵ˵ˡҲ͸˵ˣһָ䣬Ȼ뿪ģΪ㱾Ͳ
š
īһɬػӦĻ˫ֽճȭ±Сر
ٶԡ
MMǾúܣǼɬԼѹûκεɽ
ոǿ϶Ҳݲס
ֻǸկһŮѡ
ѰˮŮҲǲͬġ
ǲϲֻǾԼ䲻İˮ
MMԽ룬Խ⣬ҲԼܵһĻˮʵشߴٵ֪ˣȻҪɽȥúʰɡҲǳȥ
еˣˮȥʱ򣬼ǵðŹغá
ȥͷҲصԼı
īһվﾲؿڳ׻һĨȻ


260 ӱ

կ
ţСݹŵķīطݡ
컹Դ˹ʣܿϧīطž˵һѻûһۡ
ţˣҪ˶̣
Ȼ˶˸ӽ˷īطݵĸǰݺݵвٲʵǳƤζ
ЦԿʱȻףʲôмӱ
ţ
Сôôе
һθɰܵţȻеˡ
ΪīطݵݣҲ
Ϊʣ˭ڶôɿڡ
ţֻȷʣȻȥһ֣ٻʰˡ
MMС˵飬ڷﱧű֮Աǡ
ţƣʲô汾£ƽҪȥˣøɱ²ȥ֡Ҫ׳Ҹգ
˰㣬MMҲֻԼŷźݻˣʲôԣͷɢ¡
Сָ²۵
MM⻰ʱˣ̱ڴϣűӹȦ󣬺ߺߵСҶҶˣ̭ܲ䣿
Сúһڲ裬һڣ˰ɣⲡԼڳģ顣ʵǲǸˮıʲô
ıʲô
MMԲ۾ʲôıģΪţߵȨǸѹͲҪҪҵ͡
ʲô
MMȻƲƲ죬ûʲôû˼Ҫ˯ˡСҶæʲôæʲôȥɡ
Сû˵ʲôͼſ߽ߴӰ
ʱʲôˣվɨīһһۣЦˮMM岻ʣҪúչ
կǲͬͷ翪ţŮܲס
īһMMӶǱȽġ
ʧʱСҶĻīһź֪ԣæͣ˽ŲСҶ˳ȥֲ˼˳ȥţΪMMղӦÿˡ
ֻվ棬¡
MMҲһ£е㲻ʲô
ѹʵīĳԽ𣿡
MM
һμİˮĪЩȣץ˱󣬿ĿİͰ͵ػһ䣺ɡ
īһõ˽ʹŵMM׵ľ롣
ҲĿбӣӽŵվӿż⡣
MM쳤˲ӿŨصıʵ𣿡
īһҡҡͷ㣬ˣ
żз纮ʲô󲡡硭
MM˵žʹ˸磬æסԼͣѱקøһЩˡ
ŲϣǿһҹŰԼ޳⸱еġ
īһ磬ܵǰһǱӡ
ӲȥͱӲͣסˡ
Ѿָ˼䣬ǰˮˣīһ
īطݵ
źҲֻīطһˡ
īһȥѴ򺰹ơ
ã
MMæֹ
Ҫ֪ǰԼ޳ɷ纮ģôԭԲðˮ֪
MMеţһ˴ţˮûµĻͲҪˡ
īһ΢΢һ㶣̧㵵ؿڴϵ
Ҳֻһۣ㽫Ŀ𣬵ͷԼĽż⣬ػһ֡
á
īһ뿪ˡ
Źϵһ˲䣬MMǵûһо¸ˡ
ɬ̲סˡ
Ҳף̶һµʱѣԼôô᲻ˡ
ѵԼ¹ˣ
MMϸ˼֣СɷףŤͷӰԼ˸ʵ
īһϰ֮ˣ߳Ӻûȥվſڣͷѹֵڿޡ
ɫδſվãת뿪ˡ
ҹ
MM۾ʱ򣬾Ϳ߸ŵ¡
һƬֻͷ¹˪һ䡣
MM˸¹⣬ƵֹӦѾɽȥ˰ɣ
ġ
Լܿ˵Ļ
ԾͰԼˡ
ڣҲˣҲȶˡ
ͷԽԽ󣬻˾Żȥġ
MMںʲôҲܲ²õ
ǰˮɽ鱻˰ɣ
MMƲƲ죬ܲ²õˮʲôʽɽΪ򵥴ֱ·˶Ǳιȥġ
ʱ׼ܷ
֮ǰˮ߹ݾʱ˳ɽ
顪
MMں˼ţȻžͱ׺ݵĴš
û˵һ죬ű˴ֱ߿ˡ
ţţΪ׵կǣ;Żѳ˽
MMڴϣϴ£ȻôˣɫҲһ䣬ץԼϰ
ţ̸ܣʲôƨ˼
MMҲôǵģӴ³һѷָţƿڴǰɣĹ뷿㶼ҴŴ


261 ܻ

ӳḺ́ȷеĻҪ˳١
īһֵܸߣһ··Ѳ߶ӣû˵ͱϽˡ
ʱʱ䣬īطݾͱ͵ɽ¡
ҪôǰߣϾˡ
īһMMɽկﲻ°ɣ
ȻŮΪֵֹֹģīһļһҲֵֹģ˳ѣҲ
ԸǷ飬ʶҪȷMMİΣ
īһվŲ΢΢üƺҲ⡣
MM
ɽկĻûʲô
ڣţпܻMMѷīطݸߵġ
ټ·;ϱϽݴѲߵˣҲܿᱻ֡
仰˵MMȻû£ܿͻᴦڷǳΣյľء
ڻãƫƫڲڡ
ﻹЩйڵ϶ڣ㲻MM¶֡
īһҲԽ룬ɫԽڳ
ֱһԵīطݿǵ˼ڵȥ
īһԣ΢΢һ㶣㵵ؿīطݡ
īطûпڣֻǾؿ
īһŵĹȰ͵ȫĵطȥ
īطݵѾɽ£ûկӵ˿أǾ׷Ҳûô죬ҺͰҲǺӣȻҵطܡ
Ҳ˵ͷԪ˵ûˮֵٶȻȥMMɣҪʲô£Ҳȥ
īһ˵ĻҲڲԥҪغú󣬾תɽȥˡ
īһɿȥıӰܾԼ©ʲô
ԡ
ԶȻżȵ
һŤͷͼԼܵǧϴŸ쳤ӽš
ǧ
ʱһϲæǧ˹ȥ
ǧһ˫۾ˮޱίز˲գСС˻
˼
һԼ߶󣬱˼ȥˡ
ֳ˲ע⣬Լ걻˴ٵĵطǳ֣
һͷһ̾ϢҲĵġԺǧǧĽˣҸȡְɣ
~
˷ܵǰ㡣
īطݼ״ΪҪˣʱɫһߣһСģ
𱻳Щ£ûע⣬˼͵Ļ
Ȼǻһƺߣ˫˫˵ϣҲʵʵѹϡ
ֱȴػ
һŵŨѪζŤͷһѪˣɫҲ԰׵ѿַҪԭȥ
Ԫ
æ˷סû°ɣ
īطܿڵĶزɢϲ԰׵Ƥ߱ͱȽƤѣټϸղûסѪֻǿȽϯ}һѡ
ΪʲôˤҲûǲСĲȵһСӣһ¡
ܱôżıڻ
īطݾãװһ㻹ǺбҪġ
۾ؿ˺ü£ܵѪ³١
ȫѪҲЩżˣ۾ûۣʹӿռˮ;ιںֲ˲մŵѪա
ĵ׶ʱòУͻȻˡ
ԪԪѡ
Ĵգǻ۵ļ̲ס£ܿ죬סԼ޵ΪæѻԹȥǧơ
˾ţ֮Ű
īطװҲεùǺ
ҪǷ̫СʱĿ
ײ˱߽߱ǽǣҲֻʹװΣֱһ͵͵һֻ۾ͷ
ϴţʣ֪֪СϪҪ̫ԶǻõMM
ǿԴߵġ
ڲˡ
ǰMMõīҵϢܲȥһīңѾճһƬ棬ҲӦùȥһˡ
һĻûʱ佫жĽԪȥҽⶾˡ
ⶾȥҪ졣
ֻܵMMȻѽԪиǣȻԼȥīҲ鿴
ڽԪͬͬ⣬ǵķΧˡ
ôȻ겢ûʲôӡ
īطĿеķȴԵ΢
ԡ
ǧ˵ͷͿʼ
īطݶܺãǧĻɵšüͷ̲ס룺ǴMMīһһߣ


262 MM

ɽկ
MMںţ˶š
MMȻûʲôֵ
ɽԵʱ򣬵ƾһѲ˵ܿһֻϻ׺̶Զ
MMŵľȥϻǰѵ
ţֻܱƵú˵ſߣMMMMһðˮ͵͵ߴɽȥģկӺò״ֻ򣬾ôˣҿҪկһȺˣ
ǣMM͸һկӲģ
MM
ţΪ׵ļˣMMַָһһģˮĽ
MMŵռݸߵ㣬Ų˵˫ֲӸµһȺˣЦţĹƨӷ纮һնûȥͷʲôҹƨĲ֪
бðˮˣˮӺ󲻶ãȥͷ˵СݣŸأ˾Ͷˣ˰ˮ˭ôͰ˸ߣһ˵ǲǣ
ǣMMѲ˸ϵ
Ѳ˸ϵǻҪץȥ𣿡
MMŭЦָţ˵˭֪ǲΪկʱ˵λøݺҵֶΣ㲻þ͵͵ҹʳ˵ݣǺǮ̣͵͵˸Ūߣˮʲôϵˮɽҩȥˣ
㡭˵˵
ţôһͨʣʱͺˣҪկд򣬲ҩɽ϶£ΪʲôҪɽȥǺͰˮͨˣðˮ͵͵ɽ
MMӣµӣζȷʣ֤𣿡
ɨһΧſڵļˣĸֻ۾Ͱˮͨˣֻǿˮ͵ɽȥˣ
MMʵƿԡ
MMҲǣһ½ǲŷĲ˵һЦҲţѹ˶Ǯǳ𣿾ʨӴ󿪿˵ֻǿ˭ҵķһҪƨĹҲˣ֮ԼҪˣΪǸез죡ӴĶᱻȾ
죿
һ仰˶ˣɫ䣬׷ɢ
ţԭأһŤͷͷ˶Ŀⶢ
ɫҲһƬɷףŭζȵMMƭˣ
MM˸ۣܲŲţһûü߾ͱ͵͵ˣʱǷ촫ȾկӵˣҲֲͷϣţ͵αɣ
㡭㡭
ţǺ˵
Ķǽ쿴ǲ԰׵ʵʱ仰˵ſԣ촽ҲûаѪɫͲǽˡ
ţԽ룬ĵ׾ԽëŹӵֶʼ΢΢ˡ
MMԼסˣҲиͼӴ׵Ҿ˵ˣţأҪ׷򣬻˴Ⱦ죬ҲˣҲûȨկӣͺúôͷ¡
˵ţûסɤӷ˺ü
˭ţȻָ˵㡭ʲô纮ǱȾ˷ɣ
MMʱһ㶣û뵽ţӾȻתô죬һ֪һˡ
ǺһЦҲû꼸棬ôȾϷ죿ͨ纮ˡ
ƭˣǷ죬ΪʲôҪðˮɽȥҩ

MM⣬ǰʯͷԼĽˣ
ţشˣ֪Լ˵ˣ۾ɫ׺ݵͱ˵ȻȾ˷죡ҲˣMMկֻˣ
˵꣬Ťͷ˵MM˷죬կȥǶҪ꣡
ɫ죬Ҳ֪ӦMMĻţĻ
ȻʱMMһˣ廹״̬ѻ֧֡
MMĺýͷҪҲһȺԤı赲Ժͷ
һ˴Ⱦһӵģζβã˵ðˣܾˣ
Ⱥв֪˭Ȼ˵ôһ仰
ţӶʱϹ׺ݶ⣬ԣMMѷ촫կˣҪˣ
MMɫԽŲ˵޲ھͳţԴӹȥԴѪĽ
MMҲûţҪ˻𣿡
㶮ƨǻҪǲȷ촫ȾˣľһկӵˣһǾMMһ
ţ˵ĶԣMMǸԲţ
MM



263 

˷ĴīһվԺſڵʱˣɫʱڳī˪עMMǱһȺΧµˮйͨĹ뷿ſڡ
Сīһĸ첲˵ȥٲľҪMMץȥˣ
īһһŹֱѾ𣬿粽߽Ժ
СҺŵ·ļСӣץӡ
ţΪ׵ļ˻ڲƽۼҪץסˣMMתķܣ˭ϰѴһ򿪣ͷˡ
MMɫʵڲоͿʼƹˤųԼ߹ţԣһ߿һ˵ԣԽԽ״Ⱦ죬ͷĴ˵ˣһһǲľץң
ѾԵЩɳơ
ţ֮Աǣ׼˵ʱֵǵĲҽʹ
һŤͷͶīһɢŨŨɱıɫ
ˮ
MM˷ܵشһ
ţȴŵ˫ȷֱӾ̱˵ϡ
Ϊīһƾһ֮ͷʮȫ̵ڵϣΨһվŵľţ
ŵļ˼״ˣŤͷܡ
īһҲֱƿţǰסMMߡ
ȡȵȰˮ
MMæקס˵£ȥЩ
š
īһɿȻȥϴƿӣ򿪴µİóһСľӣææֳܹ
Ǽīһĸˡ
MMû뵽ȻôǡôжּòУ޲סīһ
뻹ˣΪһֱľӣһŲ˵ʵǿղˡ
īһú˶ϴûô٣һԵק˸磬ϣŴŲȹһڵϵġʬ塯̱ţ߳ӡ
ţͱȽϼɵīһһɷһͻȻ룬MMӶˣڵϣ˵סǣ̧ͷ࿴īһһۣŵȴƲסһӡ
ͷMMСǰæˡ
ټīһָ䣬ʩչṦܿʹMMɽķȥˡ
MM§ﴩ
ҹ紵̲סľкͲ˵ֶ콩Ӳˡ
īһĲԾæ˷£ôˣ
MMӣҡͷû£еᡭ
ľӺͲ˵ݸīһ
īһҲû룬ֱӾͽӹȥˣȻٴ§סӿԾٶȡ
MMҪöˣ˫ֹסĲӣؿڴһƬҺ죬Ҳ֪εĻġ
΢΢ͷѿôղ

ɽ£һСϪԡ
ǧͣ˴ʱڼƿӿ˺üͷ꣬ȷһţкġ
ôû
ضСϪߣʯͷӽСϪˮֹһ䣬Զʮн
Ծߣ
ԼȻ书Ǽʩչ
Ȼ֪Ṧֶ
æ춯ķȥȻ˳߶īһԼڻһģMM
ʲô
һĪǰʵû°ɣ
MMŲʵأһʱûӦʻŻæīһĻҡҡͷҡһС
Ǿͺá
һ˵Ҳ˲ʱ䣬ɽկ˻Ҫ׷ǣھ͸Ͻ߰ɡ
ĻīһMMĿһ̧СϪԵ
Ŷ೤ʱ䣬׼ˣ
MM̾ʶؿīһ⻰īһġ
īһһ۷ʣأ
ԪѪ˯ϻˣϽɣ
ߴţԼȥ
MMīһѯ˼
īһֻڷӷӣҲĲ̣ߣʲôҵŵط˵
š
֪īطڳϣMM»˿֮󣬶һֱ
ҪģԼһϤͰīһȥ
ս׵ʱһջͣ¡
ŹǷ۾Ťͷһ۽Ԫȴ˾Ȼûѹ
ŵһ飬ȥ̽
׷ʱȴֻӣؿ
һоΣ
ճȭڴǰʾӦ
ƷַҪģҲܵòУ̾һ󣬾ת鷳īһīطݴϱ


264 и

ڲúīطݴͬһ
MM˵ֱܸˣܽջԼһͷ
ΪǺȥģȽȥʱƹľ˵ֻʣһͷˡ
īһϺסҪ͵С¥ȥMM˵ͬһͷΣ
а
ֻҪǺīطסһ䣬ȫν
СʱͷЩԹԹСģ˵Ҳûϳ
ɲȥͷס
סһӣҲల¡ɣ
īһīطݱˡ
ҲMM˿ͷȲС̧ˮϴ
MMϴʱ뿪˷䣬ιǧ˳Ҳж
Ϊ׼¾뿪
صͷʱMMѾϴˡ
ﻹζ󣬾ֱߵMMǰ˵˹ڽԪ顣
û취ˣΪҪȥ
MMһɻʮ֮⣬Ҫһȥ
ǡ
ҪȥһҪ飬û취Ҹ硭鷳λˮһǰȥҪȥǴҽ
MMһ£˭ͬ˵Ǵ˵еҽڻݵģ
Ȼİݸ磡⻰ĵĬĬشš
ǰ˻ͨŵʱᵽԼĸУ˫̥ʱʲô֮ġ
īطݵʱͻ˵ҽȥ򣬲Ҹҽڻݶţ
ֻ⻴ȻҲ̫ϪڣЩġ
ڵĿջƾĻ
ֻʮľ룬ߡ
ǰȥݵķǡú෴Ҫнʮ๫·
׺ͽԪദôЩʱգҲѪˣҲͽԪȥβⶾ
ϵİݸ磬һղȥīҲ鿴ľһֱŷŲ
˵ġ
صMMҲһЩǮʮΪޣһȥǡ
ﶼУ
MMӸˡ
뵽ԼһīطݾҪӵĹֲҲʱҽҲԼһˣ
аû⣡㿴Ҳ֮ˣǰѸȥβ𣿶С⣬ҺͰˮˣʱǵ˻ݣڵһվȥ
MMӦøˬ졣
ͨĽӴҲ֪͵ˣˣȻֹ֣ƷлǺõģˣԾͺܳĵصл
׼ˡ
MMߵôæϢһߣ
ҡͷҺżûҪϢˡˣں󳵣ѾСһƥǷ߾ǡ
˵ţּ䣬ʵӿռīƣMM˵ȥѰҽҸ翴ߣʮԼһ׼ʱϹȥģûиϹȥĻͷ㽫ｻҽ
У
MMҲû࿴ǿƣҲֱ֮ӾͷŽԼһֱŵıľԷƱزУ
⻰;Լ۹ⲻףиˡ
Ҳûൢʱ䣬뿪˿ͷ
MMӺ뿪ֱӰˣƵؽջȥҳԵģ궫ֻؿͷ˯һ
Ϊ˯죬īһŵʱû
īһ뵽˯ʱϰߣҲΣΪMMͷϢûŴš
ͬʱǵĿͷ
īطڴϢīһ۷ʣʲô
īһһڷϢ
īطϢĿɨīһԣʵΰλ
īһָҲʮżȻձţҩ˯һӾˣһӰѹȥǵĶȫˡ
ȻҲǵԼӴƤߵ飬ŻȥСīطݣ˵ҪɽĻ
۷ȥMMҲɽȴ֮ľٶ
ҲûԼīطݺͷ뿪MMΪʸ֮ġ
ǻẦġ
īһؿMMЩڡ
ǴˣҪôֳһ¡
īطʵ˵ϡ
īһšü˼˺ðΣŵﲻԶһὫȥ
īطԣһЦλﲻԸڻݣҪأīһΣ
īһɫ䣬æīطݵϥ£ȭŵҲҡΪӵļƻ
īطһƤҲûôصĵزҿѾţ㵹Ҳأô˵ҲˣԣаŰɡ
ûչˣúúʲôʱʽԼݺͰ档


265 һֻûӳ

ǧܵúܿ죬ʱʱ䣬͵ſڡ
ڳҸεĵطǧռһҹȵڶ콥ʱٴγֻԼûǧų
һԼһжװ磬ϵ̥Ҳûˣ˳ƲڴϣȫͱһСˡ
ȿȡ
ɤӿ˼£ٿ˵ʱѾ˵
αװɹųĳſȥ
ǴйٱţȺ
̧ͷͦأɫȻػȺﳯȥ
Ǻ󣬺ܿͿīҵվֻƺĻҪ⣬ǼվŽգſڴвƾɶһأû˽ˡ
ššüҲûһʱȥţǼǰߡ
ߵʱ򣬾һձ̯ӣ̯Ӱ壬īҪĸߡ
ձһīңʱɫ΢䣺ֵܣīʲôˣī˵ģ
⻰ҲЩԾ˸˵иֶīⲻòˣ첻ˣҹ˻ȥգ
Ŵ˶֮¶ȽϿء
ôһ˵ձҲæϣˣīһǰûˣյøɸɾһٶ˰һֻûӳ
ʲô
𾪣ŵ˵磬¶ɲܸҿЦǴɩֶȥһ棬ˤأ
ձ̾һܸ㿪ЦһǰǴȫǵ˶֪ˣַȫˮȻ𣬵ǻͣô˲ټīִլһû˳ͷ˸ǽȥһҹȴ˵ʱͷȫǺںĽʬùٸһһߵ̧˳
һвҵİиѣīҺģﵱʱιȥˣڹٸ̧ʬһһҹƾϴŵĽαϳ
ձ˵ţֿϧѵܴ̼̾ⶼһ¹ȥˣûأҲ֪īҵ˭Ȼ㶾֣Ҫ֪īүӿ̫Ϫˡǿϧˡ
ԽľԽһûȳ
ǻм٣ٸǱ߶ˣظһˣһ⣡
ձķļ򣬰ֵܣҲڰɣǿЩȥٸﱨֶʬףȥˣҲðѹǻҴȥ
ллл֪һȥīһ
ڱˡ
ձҲܵ飬Ͱīľλø
õַǷȥ
īҵȷ˵̫ϪĴ󻧡
īռؾͳһ룬仰˵īҵҲΪ
īĻȫǵ˶ˮȥҲֻһȦͷһȦ͵ظͳ岻ȥ
˽ӽʱīǰ
Ӧīżˡ
ȫǱɹĺۼݱջ٣ѣҡҡ׹濴ţ߽ȥ濴ȫһƬǽ塭
ī󡭡˵סھīģ
ȥ󣬾ͳīط˵סַȥ
˽һʱҵ˾īջֻʣ¾īֵҡ
ͬʱī֮⣬һֱڽ䶢ҵ˼ī֮ת뿪ֱĿջ
ջһθߴˣŰӣҼϲŰ˿ڵİײһڷɷ˫ȶʯϣһֲ̺ӵǿ
ߵߵ

˶Ų豭һڲˮɤӿڵ
ű򿪣һɫ·ȸ˸񣬡Сķ壬ˣ
Խһʵʲô£
æǰһǰСĶűջٵī֣һǵ׳īҶһʱδͷ
ɿǺˣ
ˣǸӲӣк룬Сļǵ˶īأһҲ֪٣
Խһͷʱ̫ǹһĨЦ֮ץº͹һԵĳԷУھȥһﵽǸʲôͷ
ͷæǰ濪Ŵ·
ī
մ˸磬ܾøоʮֲԤþ뿪ط
ǣŸոҵ⾩ī󰡣
Ȧ죬ĵīطݵķȥڻ첻ˣҵһ֤īطݻŵĶ


266 ΪʲôҪ

ʮĿջ
һ磬īطݵϢƿīһȥڵһ¥š
īһȥˣֻÿŵʱֻMM߳
ɻһ䣺أ
MMŹǷǿŶӹļУ˵ˣ
īһ㵣ߣȥˣ
ȥ˰ɡǰʱչһ¸磬˴ȥҽｻˡ
MMѷĻȫīһ˵һ飬ĩˣīƵݸīһ
ã
īһϤīƣŤͷͽīطߵӡ
MMоʮ֣æȥţīһȴĹţ赲⡣
MM
һָ֮ԽԽɰˣ
īطݼīһʣˣ
īһīƵ˹ȥ˵ӣĹȥˡ
īطݽӹƣɫһɫ䣬ڵʣʲôʱ飿
˵ǸڿջЪµʱ򣬷Ĺ뿪ˣ뿪ǰȥݼҽ
īطƣ׵ݣɫԽڳ֮ǰͬ˵ҽڻݣֻҪīȥңܼˡû뵽ὫôҪƸһʶһµİӣ
īһӣİӣ
ߣһƣ
īطÿīķַӾҪΡ
īһԽԽ̲סѵӣڿɲǸԼԴ׵ʱ򡣡
Դף
īطһۣ￴ڳԴףֻǾһʶһµİ㽻Σɸְˣ
ҲݵϷ̫棬˴Ҳ˵Ҳ˵˷ĹơȻīʮҪһ˵ҲܷҷĹҲް㾯֮ģǻʮպͽҽǴ𣿡
īطüͷšɴˡ
īһ˵γ֪
ΪʲôҪʮպ
ΪīҩҩȻǾ綾ҽ֮⣬ȴܽ⡣
ʮǣɢ
ӽӴһտʼʮ죬ûнⶾĻͻ֢ʹձǡ
ֱº󣬲𽥻ָʱѾˣȬ
¶ȥˣûýҩĻҲʹһˣӴ˱ҩӣ
ƳֶҩΪǣסĳЩĵˡ
֮һЩҩ۸ҲȥԸЩԽ¥ļһǡ
Чܺãõʮҩ֪ҩҲùˬ졣
ȻʰһЩͼıļһûõϡ
֮õMMϣҲСĻī汻á
ףʴˣƹŵ׹һֽһŽҩ
ΪûҪMM
īطݽֽͽҩ˳īһȥ
ӣԽУҲ֪ǾǱߵˣӶɵ
Σһֱȥˣ˫۾϶ҪŰֶ֪Σա
īط˵ţѾӴۣīһȥ
īһû취ıľֻûһǣת߳ӡ
MMŰ壬ͷĶ
ûʲôžͱˡ
һ򣬾ˤīһĻȥˡ
Ŀڣͨͨǿ
MMһȣæƿīһʧʧˡ֣
īһûüоʲôͼε˵޷ôȥԵ㣬ȥҪȥһˡ
ΪʲôҪȥɷȥݰ˵粡ܼøϽȥҽﶼˡ
MMīһ¥һһ߼˵
īһ֪飬ͬȥݣ˵һҪһ𣬲ſȥҽ
ĩˣȻͣ½Ų
MMһͷˮظûע⵽ͣײʵĺȥˡ
ʹһԼ۵ıīһĺ󱳣ʣúߣʲôҪͣ
īһŤͷûнšɫ࣬ΪʲôҪӦȥݼҽ
Ϊʲô
ȻΪԼīطݾӵĹë
ëҲ˼īһ˵
룬ͱһԣ˵Ȼ˺ôҾ÷Ҳû飬æҲûʲôߣֲǶ໵ˡ
īһشĿ˼֣ΣĴ³֣
MM
ö˶˵Ҹɶӣ


267 ͦü

̫Ϫڡ
ջٵīͷСŵֵͲīطջٵĴ£һƴСĹǣ
ֻǻûȵü鿴ʱ򣬺ȻԶĽŲ
һһͱܵ˿ռ˲ʧԭء
Խ˹תȦûӰʱɫץŷʣ˵ﶺ˺ܾöûȥ𣿶ƵطƷˣҲûˣô£
Ҳһ±ƣļֵܡ
˶ãѣһ߽īͽܵĳȫˡ
¶ԷҲǼûǰȥ´ݾߡ
ãҲû˶ī߳϶ǻͷû
ȴû뵽Ŷ೤ʱĹ˾ƾʧˣ
ĵɻòС
ǲīʲôң
ʵһͻȻ룬ͷǵ˶ţôͻȻʧ
ǰˣҪҪٲ鿴īĵң
ҵͻƵ㣬ææ
Խɨһܣ۾ϢܵĶ
Ǽ˵֮⣬ȷʵûе˵ˡ
վŵطûе˵Ĵڡ
ԽĳŽµһãŭشһǻϽȥң
˱øεѣɢܿˡ
ԽһŲȹ˸ǰǿ龩īң粽˽ȥ
ڿռĵ˹ϵĻң¶һļʻӣƽ˼īطݹͨİ֮һ
ġӡһһ̵öȻ˳ʱõġ
뼸ǰīطݸԼд˼ŵ顣
żȻᵽر̫ԶҪȷԷȻ
ʱȻǲر
뵽˴ƽġӡ԰ǰԼļʻ˸ӳд˽̳̽īطݡ
ǲڸ¸µĳµģǷֹ˷֡
īطݺ˵ѧλͰѽ̳ʲôȫջ١
ǣӣ˷īطݣҲֻи¸ֻ׶֪ˡ
ΣգͲˡ
һȥѣܲҵīط
ܿ죬ͨռۿ棬ͷεţҲѰʲô
û취ֻڿռţôһȣɴڿռ˯һҹ
Խһҹ޹
īطˣҲҹǰִĳſڡ
ֻҹǣȥֻͷȵſʱٽȥ
īô꣬ôûԼ·
īһƵţǱ˳ǡ
MM첻ѵʣô֪߿Խǣ
īһһۣ
MMͲٶˣĬĬظ˳š
˳ǣԭҪֱȥīģϹȥʱīſڵļˡ
īһסīطݣȥջϢ
MMû㶮˵Ҫʲô
ΪҿīطݵҲܴīطݵĺ󱳸оϵĵѹMM˿īĴţСҪֱӰ⼸˴Σٽȥ¡
Уݾߡ
īһ飬ѹīطݵĹﲻµġ
īطݵȻ֪𲻻¡
ƾЩ£Ҫ˼ûС
һģ꣬׾ٽƷϺС
λҲ֮˽Ѱ֮ˡΪľǳϡ
ȻһڣһϺУδûʿ
µЩԼĴη塣
ĵĻ¡һᶢͬȥջЪϢ
ء
īطɨſǼ˵ӽ䣬Լᶢš
ǰ֪Խ뿪
û뵽Խ⴦ãôߣīʲô紵ݶô췢֡
īſڣ˳ɾǰٱˡ
ʱ̾ţЩ˰ֺ
īһ˿ɫīطݣ˼ǿȥջЪϢ
š
īطݵ˵ͷ˻Ͻ߿
īһתMM
MMĴߣЩˮЩ
īһȻͣ½ŲҲаˮ
MMȻһ£׹˼΢΢ü˿̲סʣǡǿԸʲô𣿲ҽаˮܲһֱιɣ
īһһ˵ҽīһīǵīīһһһ
īһ
MMַһ£ȻīһһĨ޵Цֵͦüǵģ


268 ˵ʲô

īһ΢΢ȣֵڴǰʱˣ߿Щɡ
ת˻⣬ûȥMMŽ޵
һֹĸоͷӣֱݺݵȥ
MMۼ⣬˶
ĵ׵С˼Ҳ¶ڽǴ

ԡ
һ磬ͱǧĽˡ
ˣƥÿˮϴ˸
ĨһòУҴǲǣ
⻰˵׺ݡ
ǳɾǧоͷԣȥ뷽ԶԶأȻʼί˻
ǽ̶÷ͷƤ飬æˣˡЦѣõô棿֮ǰ˵Ҫȡ𣿻ûȡ˼Լѡɡ
˵ţڵһľڵд˼֡
ۡ绹ǡѩԼѡɣ
ԡ
ǧ߹ͷ·дڵϵ֣ȻһãȻؿŷ𡣱𶺣ɾҲûμɨä˶ʶֺ𣿣
Ҳ͵⣬ѽ˼㲻ʶˣҪҰһ飬ĸ
ԣ
ǧͷӦˡ
ֶһ飬۵ʱǧķӦң˻е÷˷ܡ

ԣ
ǴӽԺͽбˣаɣ
ԣ
ǧͷ絷⣬ĵ۶ȥļ
Ŀ죬˵ǾɣȻҲ̫̫දΣշǵûܷǴ˵ľٶǿ㡣һһֵֻܣи¸£ԺǼͺúദˣҲֻɾĶˡ
ԣ
˷˼ʮָ˵ص˵ͷ
̱ͱȶĸߣȪˮһҲûʲôֵġ
ǲȣҲرԵ
ԷԱۻǱȽϷĵģȥ˵ĻҲĿ⡣
ȡ󣬷ϴһ˿
īҷһҹҲûѳʲô췭Ƥʱ򣬾뿪˾ī
ҲҴ⣬ֵʱȷûīʱ򣬲Ŵӿռ
ͷīطݵ鷿Ϊ࣬Żʱյ죬һƬǽ塣
ЩѹݸĺۼȫѻûˡҪ֪ĸ˵ŵĻ𣬿ҲŪ
ԶѰīһīߺݺݴ磬ô˸
ΣºȻĸץš
һһʵϵСӣ֮ǰҵһС˳ȥ
뿪ī֮Ҫȥأ
ȻҪīطݵˣ
ô󣬴Ҷ֪īұһѴûˡ
Ұݸˣȥ
Ҳûǰ˵ð
Щƣȥ֣ԵóԵԼһ¡
ֻû뵽Լһڽֵϣͱü˫۾ġ
һʳͷһһ߳ԷʱǰھīҶˣȻƿ˽
ӼȵĶ΢΢һ㶣վǰˣʶҪ¿·
ˡ
ΪоõԼܲ˵ĵġ
ոǿǸ书С
ǿװ򶨣سżȣؿһۣλ׳ʿ£
Խ´һ
ĿĺϣЦһ˵ĺճλˡ
ʶȥС
ֲһԼϵˣݺݵصԽ£
Խѳžһ·ϣϵ˵һ£Ĳˮһ룬ԿɼķԼֳ˵
΢΢üõҲʶ㣬׳ʿ˵£û¹ҳԷ
Խ΢΢üڳҲܺܿ˵ͬīĹϵɣ
īʲôī
װɵԼļȣ˵ʲô
Խһһϡ
ӱľͷģģοôһӾͳơ
һ̻ûԼİնæ˶ԼҲ
Ӿ˳ȥһɲ룬ϵĵȫˤ˵ϣڵ졭
ܿ˵Сע⡣
ϣλ͹٣ö˶˵ôǼҵӳ
С˥Խһӵ˳ȥ
С۷ŹؽӹæСˣСϾͳȥ
뿪Ķɴ䣬˳ֻš
òУݺҧڼȣָԽҲ߯ûˡлú˵𣿷ǵƻǶӲǮˣ
ĩˣȻɫƤЦԽҪ׳ʿҲӻ¸¸ңָղŵ⣬Ҷأ


269 

Խǰװ˵ŮüͷšȻ㲻˵ԼʲôҾ֪㵽ŵηһˡ
η֣ϵЦܲƾ޾ݣƾʲôץң
ƾȥīм
Խ͵ץŽʣֱָ
ɢű˵ĺ⣬ӶʱƷڶ
šüͷضԽҧгݵȥǾΪȥҽʬף𣿡
˵ţͿʼϡﻩµᣬҽСһ˺ôĹ֪ī˭ϲŵ˵ī˸ɾҽһǰˣ
ء㣬ΪʲôͲȵȽأ
źۼһܿԽĳס޵˺ѷΣʹ֡
Խֻװǻƣǰһоͷϣ㣿㵹˵˵˭ī˭ū澣
ô֪Ҳһǰ˵ҽīӣ˻ûīһѻոɾˣ֪˭ū澣ֻ֪ա
գ
Խǡüǵ֣īһǰ
ӽ´һ顣
Ů˺дŵĺӣһŰСϻвٵȸ㣬ʱ޵۷췢ףøۡ
Ī뵽˼Сá
ҲǺǰŮһͣ龫֡
ԭǻɣŮװǷ
ʱܡ
ôһɫ̥ʮԣǰŮϹѩûа̥ǵĺۼ
˵ݵĻ޵ôᣬҲĨȥ̥ǵĺۼŶԡ
ʲô֣
Խջ˳ʡ
Ůֻǽĵûǰôˡ
⻰֪ǶԼ¾ˣһϵˮվ˵ͷ˵Ҿͽн
Խī˸һɶ˵ʬȫͣׯҴȥϡ
ţŨŨıһգŴ۾εؿԽʣôʬ壬ô֪ҽҲأһѾӳأҲôˡ
Խīһˣûһӳ
𻺻ͷĵĬĬ˵һ乷ƨ
Ұݸӳˣôûӳ
Խǰ·ѾͷһԺץִߡ
ҲӲˣֻðϷȥ
ׯ⴦Զ
ֻǵȵׯſڣͲȥˡ
˼ʮ׵ľ룬ŵ˴ׯƮʬ帯õζĵ̲ס¡
Խſڱǵģһׯ
˵ϻ˭û»ѵĵط
±Խһֻú˵ͷš
Խ˿Ͽ³ӣóһ˹ȥſڱǡ
æ˹лл׳ʿ
ҽԽ
Ӳҽš
˳ǣ̽ػ˸ƺ乫ӣ
ԽûӦĬƺ
һׯſڡ
ģׯų͸оͷ
ɪһ£Լ˫ۣĬĬվԽȥ
˸ߴ׳ʵպøСסӭ洵硣
ܸоطɭ䡣
ҲǴԵʣܵǿƮĹ»Ұ
߽һʱ򣬷Ϳׯͷڷţײŵһ߾߽ʬ
Խ䲻ЩʬѾ˻ȥЩûϵģֻܰڷڴ˴ǳյңһ߾߽ʬˡ԰ڷһ²һЩֵζɢǲׯ˾ҪЩʬһͬˡ
𣺡֪ųˣ
ֻǸӣ
ΪʲôҪôֲһĻ
ǰ죬һϣҪһ߾ʬԱվһƮɢ飿
˸
ָоɸﲻһ
ףЩȫİ˵Ļ壬Ҳ˵ú
ʿˮζѬ۾Ἰֹסſڱ˵乫ӣҽϲûҸαĸ
ԽԣҲ뵽⣬ŤͷؿȻϲִӺε֮īңգ
˵©죬ӦصǱģҺòҵǸ˽ӣ֪٣
ѣ


270 Ǹиƨ

ϡ
Խν˲䣬ĵһӦŤͷܡ
ǳ죬ֱӾͳĲӻɨ
ŵûֱվԭأؿǷĽгԼٲݸԭʧľҪСˣ
ȻһɲǣϵһʯͷݺݴڽϣԽֳֵĳ
Խ΢΢һǰƮɫĩֱڱǡ
æסڱǣսˡ
ǰİɫĩɢٲӰˡ
ԽɫѿݶƬȵɶµ䣬˵ϡ
ӣ׻һĨɭɱ⣬սгȻ³֣īطݣ

ûԼбӢ۾һ졣
Ҿˣİݸ磡
īطӵһ˲䣬סһֱӾͱһ˿ռ
ǰ˲任
īطǰ;һ𣬵ҲǺöǰˣҵʱ۾
һΣȴûκεķٶôǬ
۵һԴֻԴеҡ
īطݱǴ㱧ŷʹṦݶ뿪ģ˲Ÿ𲽣ͿͷոУһûע⣬ֱ׹䡣
ھҲǺܸߡ
īطݽŷ𣬸棬ʵʵˤ˿ռĲƺϡ
βǴʹɫ΢䣬˫ɽؿϸ°ˤˡ
ˤʱһæѣżȥĺݸû°ɣˤôݣƨˤô죿
òҵˣɲҪһ˲еİݸ磡
ƨɣ
ôŵ֣īطݵĶȵģĵǣСѾͷСֻڲֵµĵطȥ
æסֹҵΪƵɤ˵û¡
Ļһֱǰ̧ϸشŰ궼ûмʢա
ֻǹ⿴Żе㲻ʵĸо˫Ȼգӣ˫۾
īطݱСնֹסʼˣæС֣˵ģãҾ
̫ˣ
˲ѣ͵س˹ȥ˱˸ʵ
īطݱֻЩ֪룬֪Ӧţܿ侲ˣ͵͵һ󣬻ס
Ҳһݺݵҧһڡ
īطݳʹšüûж㿪
ɿһѽƿܲ˵ݸ̫˰ɣͻȻôĪذϢңǹƭ𣿻ǼҸ¸أȥˣ
Ůģīطͷů͵¸ҰǴúõģû¡𣬲ŵ£ͬǸ
Ǹиƨð
վӸ£Ӻܲضīطݵ˭̫ÿˣԭõŭڿһɢ
ðɣȻúÿ˾ûƢ
ҪǺīطݴСһ𳤴ҲͰˡ
ſҲߣ˧ըѲĶһ
īطǳһμ氡
Ȼīطݵһ˿СʱӰӣˣһջˮôŲۡ
ã
ɻؿẰһֳסڣקקЦˣ㵹˵˵βã
Ҫһ£
ЦͲûԵϢҲ֪ôͱĳƽϷ԰ϵĻ
ȷӦʱѾѻͺˡ
ȻԿİݸЦݽӲһ¡
Ǳôֵľٶŷˣ
Ϊ˻ΣæЦ˵Ц~ݸްƽʱҾôϵģ֪ϰɣѾˣͷôߣǺܹԺܶҲرĴƽﶺŪʱܻ죬š͸ݸһһġ
īطݣ
Ƥ
պ죬û취ϾԼҵϷĽֻתƻݸôȻˣСϳģ
תƻЧõġ
īطҲѸղǵðͷ˼ݺݵȥ˵ԽڶīҵҲڶţװīҾһֱˡ
ʵϣݳɽԪһҹŵȵݳӵķīȥʳ
ԭԽʱʹִ߷ģʳ˶಻㣬īһҲ֡
Խִׯʬ壬ԼݵĻᡭ


271 Ǵ췴ô

һֱң
֣Խʲôˣ
īطݳҡ
ʲô
£ӣƺҲر𻵵Ķˣ
ر𻵵Ķˣ
īط⻰еˣοοǶˣ
⻹򵥣
ָͷ˵һҺ󣬲ûץ߹̿򡣵ڶٻʳεȲ񣬻˵ҲǮҽĻѻ
׷ɱīطݵ׼֮ͽô˵
㲻̤īʱ򣬾Сˣ
īط˵оݣҲ֪ôﷴĻǷ¡
˭˭Ҫɱ㣿
һżţīطݵĻش
īط򴽣ҵ

ҡҡͷʵʲô
Сʱ򣬰ͬ˵һĻ֪֪īطʲô
ôشţ
Ͱݸãʲôʲôݡ
Ҳһ
Щ꣬ͰͨƵƽʱûٰʾݵ򵥣òҪ̫
𶼵Է磬ɢˣؼīطͨš
ûƻ˵Ĺϵ
ƫƫʹǿɿòеĸ¸£Ժüζû֣ܵҲͷˡ
ֻҲûߥܵ̽ƽﶼͰͨ˵Щʲô
Ҳûţɶ˵ɶһЩ֮Сܡ
ЩСܣ޷Ǿ͵͵īطݵִƷ
īطԼͬ⣬͸оҪԼʲôˣҲûܾһ׼þһС
īطݿֱضԼɵһȣԼ˵һ顣
˫°ͣһһϵ˵Źȥ飬ˣʱʱҪ׷һȻأ
Ȼīطݱ˵ȥֻ˵һʱҪ̲סȥɫһ֮󣬻Լ
İݸ磿
֪īطôģ϶Ҫըѡ
ǰݸξü֮ƭǸԽ𣿿Խˣ԰ɣȻңԽ͸ƶԼĻˣⲻζļƻʧˣ
ʧܡ
īطݳƶ෴ģܿͻᷢǸ塣ϻؾʱһоͶˡ
ʲô˼ݸ磬ǼǴ췴𣿡
Ȼ˷ܣһ˫ؿīطݣ췴֮أ㵱ʵۣС嵱ʵ۰
īطݣСѾͷÿࡣ
ε̾һ췴⻰˭˵ģ
⻹õẒ̌
ﶼôݵģ
˵Щģ̣Ц¥˵ľô˵ġѵ𣿡
īطݵǣҲǡ
ʲôҲǣǻǲǣ
𶼿챻ˡ
īطҪô飬ȻʹĽһŤͷͿǰߵǧ
ʱСǧһ԰Ϲ䣬һ߹仹һǴ׷
īطݱǲ԰ע
ɤӳǧһۣ׷ˣ׷ȻҵĲˣҾͰӳȥ
أĻͣ˽Ųֺõس
īطЩ㶣Ӧָۣ
°ͣѽҴ͵ˣҸȡֽбۡȷе˵Ըб۵ġ
īطݾֹֺģҲͬ¸һ
һ
ӦţյС˵û¸´⻰ܸƢе󣬸ͷִҿʰ
īطݿŮ𪽿εĲ˵ʱ鶯Ƥģɵʧòŵ˵ͷһ
ĵȴе㲻ζǰֻ׶죬ͷ˸ǧ
СѾͷĿеλã᲻ԽԽˣ
ֿۣ˿ǸԽˣׯ뿪λվţľͷһһƺ˼ʲô
ݸ磬᲻ׯܾãǻҪȥأ
īطû۵ģѹͿ𿴵ĶƾĻصᣬܿͻ뿪̫Ϫˡ
ղ˵ԽΪԼϵˣȻ̻ͣؾ
ɴ̫ϪǿӱޣҲҪһµʱ䡣
ԽڸϹȥҲˣ˳ıļƻǰʼʩУһû⣬񾩶ӦѾһƬ֮УҪ£±ض


272 ݸ

ȻԽׯ˰ʱ󣬺ȻһȻرɫææܳׯ
뿪󣬲ûмŴīط뿪ռ䡣
Ϊ˶Ŀѡ˹ҹīطһ
ʱׯƮɢһЩԹ꣬ȴ֪ôĿ˷īطݣֻڽĿԹޱȵضˡ
Ȼ֣ûзϡ
ǿüЩԹ꣬ϲǣûжµȺá
Ҳʲôûīط˵뿪ׯ
ˣݸ磬һһĻīһüˣаֽ̺ۣаˮ
һţһ߸īط˵Щ飺һ˸ɵ꣬нԪǮ仰ͱƭ˺üӣҿôɵֿŶеⲻȥ͸ҵīƽȥҽⶾˡݸ磬㲻ҵɣ
Сشīطݵɫ
ǣǳһЦǵߵҲõ
ˬһռİôã
ڷݵĽԪɫҲ⡣
ЩǮĸԸƭߵġ
ɫ糣ȷʵӣһ˵ǰݸ磬ܸܲһȥһ˻ݡˮMMѾѽԪ͵ˣǹȥ󣬾͸պҽīƸû
īطԣ΢΢һ٣˵ûҪ
ţ
ɻؿ
īطݼ͵ԼȥǱˣīҽʱǱܺãûҪȥһΡǽԪҲˣûбҪȥ棬һô죿
룬˵ûеġ
Ԫӹǣһˣ治˵ܴܲȥɣ
뵽ӶʱһīطЦݸ磬ҪǻȥǰɣȱһԪˣҾͰץȥ
īطݣСǧټҪ๫
Щεطŷ˵һԸķأ㣬ô죿
ššüɵػصǡ
īطݣô죿
īطǰʯͷݺԼĽţҲǻã
ԲҰݸ񲻴ãæҪǰݸ㲻ȥǾȵңȥ껴ٻ㣿
С
īط붼û;ܾ飬˵Ҫͬһ𣬷̫Σˡ
ǡðɡ
еͷͺ
ܾñֺ󣬰ݸϵĻҪź򡭡
īطֻǲټٰԪˣҲ÷֪Ԫ
Խһţ϶̫Ϫҵ֣Դп˵Ǹ꣬ĶҲȥˡẦǸ꣬簢ߡʱֶˣڻݣȥҲ١
˵úôЩǾͬīطݵ顣
뿪ׯ󣬾ͺܿű뿪
ϡ
īطݰѷȦ˻ǰڶԷеۣ̲סһؾīطݵĻСݸ磬ȥ
ȥȡ
ȥʲô
ã֮ǰһֱ˵ҪҰھʹȥ
ѽ
īطݺΣ˵Ҫȥİ棬ͦĵġ
Ϊǵһʵϼݸˣ

طǣҡ
īط˵ԽǸϲؾˣϻȥҲˡ
ΪīֺˣѾȫɹǱ뾩
µʱ䣬ңЩطߡ
赣޶ææھĶŮ˻
˭ûأȴͻһֽţʱ򣬷֪ŮڵķھĻӾŮ⼸ˣͳ½ĵ
ңָ˺Ҫͬһƹ
֪ķòһûû뵽ԼĶŮȻΪһ
ֱӾͽͽһֱ͵̲ӻˮ
ڣȫ׼ģƹȻ˲ѪһƬǳɹˡ
ԽıԼֳλקٹٵ棬ʲô£ƵԼĸ׺ֳĿɳ־䣬Ѫ飬𾪡
ʵ۸ǱǴսһѪɷ֮˴ڳǵǰ


273 ³

ڼĵ˼գŵõӾﴫģʵ۱Ϣ
¶ǳˣ
ŶЩ˼顣
վһԿôˣ¶˲𣿲ɲⰡǡ
ҵȻ֪˺ãҲã
ǰһŵģΪϢԷһ㣬ܿٴòеҲɡ㿴ﻹȫˣ
һӾǡ
һֱԸٽٳȻҲϣԼĺǽӽ
ΪĶǹŮǣȴ̲סĵ
ԷŮҵݻᱻ˵ǣⲻüĽΪٳ϶˵ж
˵ǷԸˣһӶû̫ƽȥ
޲ھȥѶŮץסˡ
ҶĵҲǿЦãΪǵᱻ󹬡
ԣʱɫ䣺ԣҲ÷ţƹɹ»λĪ㲻úܿҪ㿪ѡˡǼȻжױôŮһ汻ˣﵱǿô죿
ٴηңͷӬһ߶š
ͦŶӶ챻תˣε磬ôԽԽͿˣıŵһУǻҪʲôûУҪǿȡ᣿ʧȥһҰ򣬵õںĻƿˣأ᲻
̾һݸ㲻˵˼رǵ˼˵ɽһ٣
Ҷ챻⻰Цˣ֮ҲġεˣΪ˲ͬԼֳ̫֮λԸԼ߽פأһȥʮ꣬ףڵ֮͡жҪֵ֮ĹϵǶ˵սɳϢΪ˱֮𣬳ıɱؾôֻӹ޵֮ˡ
˭˵֮˾ͲҰİˣ
費ˣһȻòԾӣԣӺε֪Ǽɳ
޽Ƿ˿Ķ΢΢һ٣̧ͷһ۷裬ݸһЦӭZͬ˵ġ
ӭZô֪Щģ
ɻţȻſڴ˾ŵүүˣЩͷ˺ЩǴүȥˣ
裺
ѹ⼸ĻŵòУϢȻһ֡ˡɿУ
ɫ΢䣬ߣ뿪ǰŤͷӣأȥ
ŮʹŮҳˣסߵÿ죬һûӰæֹųضӾ͸ȥ
ʱӭZͷ褼ҴѾٱΧµˮйͨ
Ϊ׵һףٶòףԵСȥͬ˼˵ӭZӺٷԼСүǽģ
Сȭǣ
ӭZﶺŮ˼ææ˵һӽʱɫɵ΢΢һ䣬δڣѾСſɱ˹סȵȣ
ӭZĸۡʵԶ߽ݾҲܺܿ
ߵס˱ŮҪߵĴŮͷЩ彣ģǺˣΪ㣿
ӭZҲ֪ԼҲסģ㽫ŮºضԷͷЩֳǵģҵֳǾ
ʲô
ΪԼĶˣ˻ޱȵضӭZá
ӭZΣֻظһղŵĻ
Ȼûվȥ
Ҿ治Զæ
ǱŮŵľսֱӭZĻŵò㶪߻ǣ˻˺þò侲ĿҪһӭZô˵㾹Ȼǡīطݵ壿
ȻʵѪ
ӭZ˵ͷҲ㡣ֳҲ˵ˣ˴鲻ɣҾʹطһӣɢ˼ңһӶҪ̤뾩
ܿץסä㣬޳ʵأ
ӭZɫ΢΢أɨһܣûˣѹ˵ˣǻͬʱΪ̫ӡ
裺
СŮʲô
Ȼôһ񣬸һ̫Ů
Ѿ𾪵˵ˣһԵҷɿؽ飬ӭZͬ褶˵
ӭZ˵ͷ˵ձ˵ˡ
ǡ
ò³һѪû뵽ŮʹŮôô꣬Ȼ͸¶ڷ硣
ĪΪ˵̫ӵˣ


274 ݸ磬ðˣ

ôǣ
褴ڳΪٴУڷӦеңɫûжá
ӭZԼϱȻǲۣæǰû£ǰͬ˵£ֳű׼ǽ
褵˵ͷʾˣֻǸղųͱӭZţûιȥ׵
ֱ褲ſˣʣôˣ
òУ㻹˼ôˣ
褼ǹҩһҲ磬ŤͷԼ๫
ӭZС˵ûͬ˵ŻˡͷЩٱΪʲô¡
ˣԷ͵ӭZġϾδɣ˭֪δΣѳɶԸҲû취ı䡣
裺
˼ǣ׵֪߲֪ûʲô
ʱһǻֲ¡
⼸ʹŮĹϵȻһЩŮ̬ȵײСʱǰˡ
ʱؾϲûֲ淢Ͼ飬ΪһףûŵԣȡڷǵǰӲŴŮҲˡ
ﻹӭZ˵£
úúãǳ˼̵ŮѾûҪٰ׵ˡˣǷްʲôȥʲô
òУŤͷҪߡ
ӭZҶһ£뿪ںˡ
վŵԱȴܵø죬׷˷󺰣ߣ汧籶
Ů
ͣ˽Ų󣬶ܹԱ˫ۡ
ϣǰСԹԡ
ˣȻϲЦտӭZʱȴüԵǷ޶Ҫߣȥʲôҹܲţ籶϶
ĩˣ巽ԸŵһȥǼҴү
ֿ˿褡
û
һԵӭZָָʾȥɡ
תææˡ
Ҿò̫Ծ߹ȥ˴ĸ첲ʣʲôͰ褶
ĸҺǲԼȥЦ
ң
˹ȻԽԽɡ
ΣֻõŮԣֱһֱϣٺ;ǳʲôǣã㣬ֻһʱ֮ûܹܽˡɱĵȥ
ӭZȥӭZֳտţ޶ھȶˣٰѺ͹ȥ
˵ţּҲӵˣҲûͬ˵Щ顣طǣ¶Ҫ˼Լò⣬һҪͬӭZ顣
ҲûԼŮôһԾΪ½̫
Ͳ뿪ˣҲûӦľԴڸŮ
褵˵ͷģӭZڣŮµġ
š
ҿ˿Ůֶ˼䣬ųͦŶӺһѱ԰ϴˡ
˺ĸﶼˡ
ӭZСԼӣʣǺαأ˰͸ˣŰǵĲǡ
һֲۣҪ¡
ӭZ׵ô£߾ӣҲȥ
Լûʲô⡣Ҳͷˣȥɡ
褵ǵˣҲԽ浾ӭZ˵Ƕõ
ʱ̫Լ׵Ƣ̫Ҳûʲôë
ӭZֳͬԼӡ
ֳͻһйš
ӣȻҪ̫ӣȻѡ̫ġ
ҲӭZ⼸һֱĵ⣬û뵽ֳʹԼӵıˡζţҲϿɷ褳Ϊ̫δΪطĻʺ
飬ӭZǸ˵ģϾͲΪŮСô򵥣ĵһֱŵŮˡ
ҪֳҪɢͷ褣̫֮λҲϡ˭Ҫ͸˭ȥ
ԡ
ҲҸ
ͬΪ̫ӵĻôֻܰѰֵīطݸ̫ˡ
硪
ڸ·īط䲻ش˸磬Īһ
æð˸СԴգգۣʣݸ磬ðˣ
īطݲ֪ԼԼС
ֻñĪЩ䷢̣ҡҡͷǷ纮ֻǺȻе⣬Ҳټּ֣ܿ͵ɽˡ
˵ͷְԼȥ˳˸Ƿ
̲סôʱҲҲ֪ôˡ


275 ʲô

īطڴŷ뿪֮ǰջīһţ֪ȥ
īһ֪û뿪
MMҲֻܸ죬ȻŷֲԾĵطǸ˭ȥˣ
īһ΢΢üָ֪Լīطݣ˵飬ǰ뿪ˡ
MMǻҪȥݣǹͣ
īһȥݡʰһ£ȥ
ŶŶ
MMæ뿪ıӰ̾һĵôȥʲôʱǸͷ
Ҳûѡˡ
ϾѾ˰ˮɽկ϶ǻزȥġ
ýظŰˮУҪҵͷ
īһƥMMһһֻ˲һյĹ͵˻ݡ
ȵ˵طMMŷӦһ飬īһ԰ݵĿĲΪ˸Ǹ˭βڲڣкã
īһһۣƸ͵ҽС
ΪʲôҪôҲûбҪɣƲӦǹٰƸǣһȥҽŶԡ
ҽʶҪ
MMԣ΢΢һСؿīһʣǼȻǲҪҿɲҽҿһβ
뷨Ҳܼ򵥡
˲Ҫҽ˵˺ҽĹϵǳ
Ȼöˣ΢һº˷ѡ
οȷʵҽԼĹֲҲռıˣ˻ͷټʱǮ¡
īһԣЩ㵣Ĳ
MMȫɨһʣʲô
MMԭҲ˼˵ԼëڣīһȻָˣΪεѡ
ҲīһԼǸռ˱˵ˣͰԼСʱ˵һ顪
ǲǺܲ˼飿ҪǲīطݣҲǼٵģɽկʱһӡҲòţĵʮֵĲ
MMһɥ˵Ҳֻ֪ҪīطݣҾͲָᷢо˺ܲԾᣬҽҿôһ¡
ĩˣСīһ᲻ܻܲ£͵˱˵Ķһ
ᡣŹֵĲ֢Ҳδš
īһĬһ£ֿô˵ͬǶʱʶˣ
MMЩΣǶʱʶϤ
ϤйԹ
MMԼĺʷˣæתƻ˵ҽǵҽҿֲòеĻ
̰ɣˡ
ֲ춼öīطݿ
Ǵ˷һⱲӶأ
ĹֲʵҲʲô
ŤͱŤŰɡ
ǣûīһ˵ʲôMMּæˣ߰ɡҲⲡˡ
īһ
ǲܵġ
MM˶ֶӺҽ֮⣬ûܹҩ
Ƚǣҵҽ
ãģ

ȵشأҽʱĹʵء
īүͬҽǹʽīҳô飬ֵεȻʣ޼
īطҽΪˣŻһá
ҽȻû˵ӦɳԼȥīطݵæīһ͵
Դӵ磬ûɽҴܹ
ߵʱ֪ʲôġ˼ҡ
īطǣǰ档
ĺ棬˽ֺȫû·ǰţԽԽ룬ȫǱӻߵïʢӲݡ
īطͣ½ŲһͷҲˡ
һ㶣æһã

͵һһҲ˵īط󣬽һ񣬾͸©ˡ
īطԶĵطȥŷ־׵һӲݰݴŬչԼͷ
ꡪ
īطûסЦæſű۵Ǹȥ
Сʱ꾣Ϊʲôﶼ·
ϷʵĵЦ˵˭֪ʲôɽȣȻ·ûУ㿴Ųôߣôïʢһȫϴ
Щżˣ̲סȥץ¶İ𪲱ӣץһɫۼ
īطЩۣæ֣ץˣץˡ㲻ǲЩӳӵ𣿡
ǵСʱȥ׻صʱСѾͷš
ƲӲ̫ˣëƤ
ԹֶīطݿЦعסĲӣ˵Ҫݸ㱳ߺˣ
Ͳ߶˰ɣ
ȻһֻޱȵĽ𾫣


276 ֻɺ

Ůһ˫ôͰ͵ض
īطݾԼѹ벻κξܾɣ΢΢ȣͷһ
ɹƭ˵òУɿ§īطݲӵ֡
īطҲϣת˸ͱŷ¶ס
һ;úһŮһֽŲõſıϣʵıǺȻһ棬յͷ
īطݵеңֱȥҪסȴСβæͰָˡ
ûбסͰȡ
ԸֱסԼ˵ݸСʱ򶼱ҵģ𣿡
Сʱ
īطݵĶ΢΢һڵӻһĨɫˡ
ݸļôõ𣿡
°;͵ļϣ˵ʱĲߣȵĺ£ǵĶ˼֡
īطûлشĻôͷǰվԭûжǧȥ
ۿˣ쳤˻һ
۵Դīطݣݸ磬׻ҪòܽɽͷȥҪǶɣ
ˡ
īطݻشţ˫һ̧סˡ
īطݱߣԼ˰СʱǰӲݻ˸ʵĴǿһͨĵ·
ȻûȵߣȻӭһ֧
ಡ
֮ǰˮϮһֺֿݣֱīطݵüġ
ɫһ䣬ʶȥռƳ
īطݵĶ죬ƺûӰ죬̤Խ˸ʵ辡
Եʧظŵ÷ֻرĲӣʧг
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Уղ˵ļôѧˣҲһ˼ҵĶְ
ŵòУץĸ첲֡
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Ͳǿôˣīһ˼ҲĶ֡
ûаЩ˵Ϊ˽ĵܱĵĸо
Ṧȥ鿴һ˭ⲻ󡣰ãռȥɡ
īطͷ
ŴԭɹĵطĿǵǵؿīطݣĿһʲôҡ
ȵشΣһ㲻ҵ
ǳΣ
Ҳôùīطݡ
ԥһ£˵ȥҾ㣬һ򲻹ˣҲſԼʱȥ㣡
īطݿᶨɫҲû˵У˵ͷ󣬱Խ˸ʵ辡
ڵĵطպģΪ߹ǰȥҰҲǿģҲȹ֣պùںͷع۲
İݸָݣ´ϣصȻ֮
ôűӰе죿
°ͣӼ۲
Ԫһߡ
ӺȻĳôͷԼһ
ֻɺϰɣ
ܿͰͷ֮ԺˣΪǰīطݣƱö˸Χסˡ
ЩӰܵԾҴܣȴһرƽīطݡ
𿴵Ķˣҧָͷȥīطݣܿ죬Ӧͷһۡ

нʮ׵ĸ߶ȣСʱٻҲܿ˫˫Ŵȥ
ҪһСˤȥܾĳˡ
ʼˣſռʲôõĹߡ
Ȼʱ١
ҪǵܹԹѧ㷨ҲôɵƱƵرˡ
ۼЩӰīطԽԽҲ˲ñ¶¶ˣߺһݸСģ
īط˷
ΪȻܸоõܳ߿Щˡ
ͬҲܲ⼸˵Ϊʲôϡ
ֻǷôһԭ˵ת˷򣬱
īطɫ΢䣬ǵѣ֮ҪȽС
ҲоڳԼ
ɴʱҲ²ȥôߵ
Էڣﴩ磬һֻ۶
Ѿ̲סӿռһǹҪٿһǹ
Ȼ˵жʵ̫졣⿴֮ԾͷΣǹ˸׼ˡ
٣СѾͷʲôأ
ǹˣ䲻ĺ󱳺ȻһϷɤŵһǹûȣһ˵Ľʵ۰򣬽סµǰǹ
ۣʲôôоģ
ӵٴδӺ
͵һͷͶһ˧Ц÷ס


277 å

ǰƤڣٶΣһ˫ɫʢǳ˸ǹ⡣
ȻȲݸʢգҲεױȡ
һɲȷʵˣܿͷӦ͵ؽһơ
ҶҲû뵽Ůôһ֣ܴһӾͽȥ
ĸ߶ȣˤȥҪġ
ϴŵĲ͵ʹ˦辣ס֮ڰ֮С
Ҷ֫һɣ̧ͷ뻹һԶŮ
֮ҲݣæСԴȥˤȥûС
ȻͿɳЦģǲССã㲻书϶Σգȥˣɺã
⻰ͷƤըѡ
ִɲǻչոŮͯ˷Ӳе̨𣿣
ʱڵòУŭå
å

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һֱɽٳȥͷȻҲټͷʲôӵġ
ǵһγΪ֣ȴװ۵ĿɰŮ
û˺˼ղ˵ĻҲǺģվˤȥôͳɳåأ
ҶеίϵЦҲҲסˡ
Ҫôһ£СԼʱ򣬺ȻϮһǳ׺ݵƷ硭
˭
Ҫÿ죬ǳһƾֱӺĺס
ɳɵģµԴѪѣ
Ҷ£ԾһϺ󣬲ſϮԼˡ
ҲǸ꣬پ±䣬üŨҵ
Ϊŵ£վһѳʵУȻɱڡ
ݸ磡
Ů͵س˹ȥ
ҶüͷЦԭһģ
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ʲôȣ
Ҷƺ˵ʲôȻ뵽ʲô鲻̫ԾԶȥ
ȴԼͬ岮ľһ˵ϡ
ɫҲȻһ䣬īطݵĿŭΣգɱǣ
īطҲһͷˮ
Ⱥ˵Ǵðģȵˡ
ǰͰѾˣҲȵĹҽĴͽܡ
ȺعߣҲϵóǡ
񣬾Ⱥ˲ȵعߣҲӦòʲô˲Ŷԡ
ûС
īطݵЩǻԹȥĶҩֻҪʱڷ½ҩû⡣

Ҷƴīطݣ˵ĿǲС
ȵ¶ҩ
֪ʦкˣ
ԣⲻص㣬ص岮ǻ汻˸ˣ
ʶһҶɫˣҧгݵŭīطݣ㵹е㱾£ȵ˶ҩ
ǣҲǵĶ˭ݸɴˣ
īطݵıðԴ˵̧˽С°͡
ҶƳ˳ǣ˷һۣŽĿŵīطݵϣʣ㵽˭
īңīطݡ
īطݸոѾӶԷĻ֪Щ˾ȵˡ
Ըɴ౨֣ī˹ȥ
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278 ԣҲϲ

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īطݿųԽԽЦԽԽī㣬ȻܲԸҲ밢ǰ¸֪ǿͬˣ˵ͷǾôаɡ
Ȼ߻˵꣬Ǳ߸յǰīȽĿڷˣŷС۾͸ŹһţЦԽãʵݵܣȥ˭ҵûˣ


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282 ˵ö

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283 ۵ļֵ

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289 

ȥ
Ѻŷ׳󺺰Ҳߵʱһѽ˽ȥȻţһſڡ
ˤڵݶϣһĵݣ󣬸žͷڴСѾͷƭӸҿˣȶ죬ʲô춯ţ
񷿾ôһţûУֻٽݶһƴС͸
ȻǸܣǱɲӬɳȥɡ
Ъ˶󣬾ܽ˿ռҵӸԼ˫˫ŵӣó˶ס͵Ĳ
Ӿеˡ
ҧָ߶һҺģܵȥҶƣСϾҪײˣ
Ҫ̸̸УǮˣ
뷨ͺܿ챻Լˣ￴ͲǸȱǮģ㲻濴ҶƺˣҪΪΪū
ϾôˣСʱ׹ĸƣټЩ¥ȻͲ󣬵Ҳֲµġ
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ſŵ󺺻˵Ż绰
ü󣬰ŴСѺɴú͸С׾Ϳͷ󺺵ĺ󱳡
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ͨ죬˱ŵˣ˼þȫŸ߻ˣ
Ȼͳͷܡ

ӳȥûԶײ¥ĹĿˡ
ûǹŵ˺ѹϵɽ棬·
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±¥ϳְԼĳ˷ţ˸١
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ҲܲôˣȥȱҪ

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Ҷƿһӱȵö˵ˡ
գЦµò￴ϵˣûӵóĵġֻҪԹԴҰͷ˴ˣͻú㣡

Ҷţͼ㿪
ﵹϲӾȻʢôôϲ
ǲ֪ͷǸһ
ԽԽ˷ܣ·󣬾ͶŸСģ˳ȥ
īطݵϰ֮ˣܿ˳߿ĽŲ
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ȻϧҪͨϣ»Ҷһܿϵ
ƫƫīطݶû˰ֺøУʱֻ뾡ҵ˵һķ𣬰ץȥúʰһ١
ս滨ģʤһûж࿴һۣ俪ʵգǲ곣Ѱ㣿


290 

Ŷ
ԭѰ˵ġ
갡
һҵĴϣ׸һСӣεСѾͷڲȥ̡
Щ϶īط˵
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вˣΪīطݵ书Ȼ֮ϣ
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ͣǱǧϿǰܣŰūҰɣūҸ㻹ȷʵжλСӽƵҹūңҪū̫ˣūҾܾ󣬾ˣҲ֪ڲ¥
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ҶҲǿĿɿڴһͼīط߳˷䣬һ

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291 Ҳǹ

ҡҲǹģ
ǺԽԽֻܽɤ˵һҪ޳ģæȥ
ӲקؾͰקԺӡȵǵʱ򣬾һѽƿ߷ߵĶ˼š
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СȭͷҶȥ
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ֺõؿīطݣ˵ݸҪңȥ¥Ҳװ۶ǽթ֮ͿŮװˣ
š
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ûīطݻػĶһ̲࣬סһȥīطݣôö˶˵شʲôƤߣ
䣬ּæéȥˡ
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īطݵһֲֹҾͻḹʹֻ֣ҴƤߣΪˣ
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MMҰݸͻӣ
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Сʱ򣬴īطڷĴһʱѾİݸ¼
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ϵı齥ָ̣MMȥķīطݣݸ磬MMǲǷĴѾǸʮֵ꣬СɽѾ
īطݵ˵ͷǡ


292 ݸŲ

ôҲ벻MMȻǸѻѾ
ǡǲϳˣԣݸǲ͸ˣ
īطݣ
ƺֺȻ˻
Ȼ˵˶԰ɣݸһֱƭң
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㣡
˦־ܡ
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ˡ
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ݸ磬Ҿðɣƭ£Ҷȥ¥£Ƕȷ²ᡣȰҶƾȳ˵ô
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ֻεصͷӦһá

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ˡ
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Ҷƣ
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293 ֲ

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īطݼվһس˼ģǰȥĶͷѾīһȥˡӦйٸ˽Ѳˡ
ʹԼĶͷƲ㲻ͨ籨Ű˸أ
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Ҳ֪СԴӶװЩʲôôô룿
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ʲô
һڿ⣬æҡͷûʲô²һMM˵͸ʹӣⲻһļʹֲԺ󻹳Լݲ
īطݣ
˼룡


294 һؼң˶

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Ҳү˴ˡ

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ɫ䣬ضʲô˼¥ҼҿģҿԼҼ˱ôˣˡѴ
Ϊ㲻ǶҳߣĸʹģΪ㵽׻̫Сùȫ֣˵ܾܣһ̯û˹ܡý¥Ӫҵλ˼Ǻ󣬲Ƹ¥ƹ˱ǲ㿴ģ⼸µķֺ죬һǻᰴնλĶַ㡣
ĩˣһߵСˣȥ˸ľӳ
ƲƲ졣
Щ˼ˣҪȨˣˡ
ûϵܾ¥ֵңֻҪǮֺ죬ʲô
ۼС˽ľӶ˳
ͿʼĦȭƣڴżǧƱˡ
˭ϵһֻһʮԪ
𲻸ŵصԲ۾ľӵԪľӷȥصһ£²ʲô񣬽ȷʵյһԪֽмûС
ŭˣʲô˼طǿҽ¥ڵʱÿǧϵӯⶼȥˣô͸ʮӣҵ˰ɣ
ǵ𣺡ѽҲ˵ˣҲڵʱеӯ֮󣬽¥ȱټල¾Ϳʼ͵ˣ͵͵ǺĲ˻ͷĲԼһʱ䣬¥һϹ˿͡Ϊ˲ٹʧ
šüû뵽¥ȻԱ
ƲƲ죺ǸҾͷֺʮʲôϵ
ûйϵҪ㲻ǶЩҲôӡʮķֺľ͵һµʧˡ
˵ˣŮôǮһʹܣʹѡҲٰѽ¥ƹˡ
𣺡
û뵽Ȼôݣ
Ǿ¥Ǽµĺ
ֺ첻ָ¥ȻĲƲ
ˣµķֺϡ˰ɣ
۵ذϷŵǶԪɾŽ˶תƻ֪ҵʲôȻȥǴʹ򣬵׳ʲô飿


295 Ϲԧ

Ĭһ£ĸδȥ⡣ӦʹйءǰвٴӾĹٱȴǷ򸾶ˡ
ٱҴʹ򣿡
øһͷˮˣ룬ʹҲûʲôΥ췴Ĺɣ
Ҫʲô˾ҲǸǾĹٱǰץð
Ҳ飬Ҫȥ˽һˡ
΢΢üɫһҲ
¥и֮Լͼææȥˡ
벻ףкҪ飬ͦôӣôֻȥյأ
᲻ԼϱͶĶ
ԽԽżһ϶ͣȥˣظīطݵ˵ݸ磬ǲЪˣھȥ
īطʣʲôˣ
Ҵʹܳˣҵﲻһȥġ
īطݿһɫҲĳʲô飬ǰ˷֮ȥҶưѱ۸飬ȥ
ǿĻһվͿɵִطǡ
īطڴطǺδ

ʵˣšü룬û˵Ҳֻ֪˵ҵȥôæ֪ˣҪ漱£ôҲȥӴøʲôƵãҪˣյĳӣ
īطݵ˵ͷǾֻܵ˶Ѱ˴̽

ͬʱھ֡
ΪҪԵʣҴʱҲֻͦŸִԲĶڴ
ȻУһ۴ͷˮķ裬磬˵᲻Ѿطˣ˵ʥѾд𣿰Ӧͬһɣ
轫ˮݹȥܳȥΪѰݣͬһ𣬻ͬ˭һ㲻̫ģطǴѾźˡ
ҾãðͬһҲðɣϾҲСˡ磬ҲҪúÿһ°ĻˣٹҪˣͬһš
ɫһʮģ˵Щ̫ˡͰȻһֱô궼δ棬ҲǰѶԷãɲϹԧס

Щˡ
ʲôʱϹԧˣ
Ը񶼲ʵ
⻰ҲýҴˣżŮܣСӳͻϲЦտˡ
ѾͷǸСЩɺĻ¡Ҳ˵ԼżҲûǿȡǾʣɺˡ褶ӭZʽסɺΪ̫ã⾩϶˫۾ţɵÿɺƭȥ
ң
⵹ǱĻҪˡ
⻰ҲǶԵġ
ţȻ뵽Ļ£ʵйЩҲȰѹŮͣǲȴҲȰɺĻ¶ȽϺáԼû⾩ĸʺϵŮѡɣ
Ĭһ£뵽ӭZĪ̫ӣһӵĵλҲˮǴߡ
û⵵µĻɺѡǲѵģ£»Ѹ㡣
֪ˣЩԱĸͽδʺɼҵģ
Ȼкôġ
Ҳǿǵһ㣬ضͬʱھ֣Ų
ſﲻӦӲϾˡ
ɺȥˣʵ
ҵ˵ͷԼĶӣҶСӣ˵褶ǶҲˣ첻֪ôͻȻʣ˺졣ӭZֲڣﶼҳһˣɺȥźЩ
̾ϢĻ裬Ҫڴ˴ҲܸЩ
Щ꣬ӲӹԽԽã״̬ҲԽԽˣΪϲԸط׸ҺһСľͰˡ
Ȼܾʹլź˵Ļˡ
򸾣ҲǰӵĸһصģǳѡԾȥĴˡ
ڰǰҾдţ˴ӡ
֪У϶ͣظϻġ
Ȼʱһֱھס٣ȻһЩլ˽ɾ鵽ײ㡣
׵Ȼǵˡ
ֻҪڣ⾩ȦҲߵøȵЩ
ٵȵȰɣġ
谲οӣĶǵĶ˵褶ϸأʱҲӦһ£Ǹŵż챻̤ҲӦԵúúõģԼżģҪϵš
⻰ˣĴһԴװҹŮ£Ҳ˭ģΪ㣬ͬ˵طǾǸ˲¹ͷĵأ褶ӭZôᣬôסЩ˵Ĵĥ


296 ɱ

Ҳǰµ۵ǻͬˣ˵Ҳ
Σһԩı鿴ӡ
һĴһļ򣺡̫Ĺˡ
һץַڴ˼£ǣ˵ǣΪĴӳЩЪţΪһ㣬ܿ˰ɣ
š
Ц¡
ڴԱߣߵͳظЩС£˯š
˯ź뿪ӣȥ£ȴȼҴظϵŮɺ
ɺҲʮĴˣͤͤ
ƽ磬ңʧʱ
ȴɢңϻմżѪգɵɫһæʣɺôˣ
ɺҲǴŮܻģ׵£ûȣ˵أڲڣǴˣи֪ðķŮͼɱ㣡
ɱ
ʱɫ䣺ˣϵѪ
ǴģһλټСģ㵲һ˺öѪǴаȥҪЩ˿Ҫҽз֮
ôأ񲢲ڸУ
ȥˣ
ƽȥˡ
ǾͿһƥҽȥҶ㣡
ɺòУû빬ƣϹȥҲ˹ģȥѰ㡣
ã
ɺҲţͷֿ󣬾ڷھˣּææػش㷽褵ĸۡȥˡ
ݣģƺо˹룬æʣҸղźɺˣǷʲô飿
ͬ򵥵˵һ飬ʵɼǵðǷŹĽ÷ںδˣ
ָָһԷĴӣͷǰ㲻˵ǹض𣿰Ƽˣ˵ǹضʲôó˸ҰĶͷˡ
ԣæȥ﷭ӡ
ҵóһȻиɵĻ
һ£æõҵĸǰҪδ򿪣
ҿżҲӣת˼ֺڵһ£Ӵˡ
װŵȫǷϱĶ
Ψһģžǿõˡ
ɣ²ôĻӶ򲻿ɣ
ǰõĶܹǺõġҲˣЩƽȥɡ
š
費òºģúú󣬼Ҵҵسȥˡ
ڱʱŻûȫرա
ƽȥú˳ߵ·Ҫߵķ
һжװ磬Ӷˡ
ΪߵüŮ
ǷȻع񣬼æһ䡣
ôˣ
迴Ůһ㶣æ㸮ˣҪ֮Щ
ԣ㸮Ǵû°ɣ
û¡Щͬһȥɡ
ã
˵ͷͶԵͬŵ轫Ҿͬҵȥˣ֮ǰ飬̸
ŮĻŷŮԻվһٶεĸߴˡ
£ŨüۣˬʵЦãм¾Ȼȥɡ
ĩˣͬ˸񣺡
һ£æֽ轫Щ𡣡
˫ʵҲû˵ʲô
ŷҴȥ
ȴģ̲סʷཫ
ԣҲǿЦãⶼʲôʱˣı˻ûʲô
λཫθߴòΣǸƷвĺСӡ
һͲżһ棬֪ƷвˣŸ࿴˰ɣ
꣬СЩ
æŤͷһԶࡣ
⻹û߶Զأ͵˼ҸԼŮ
ȥöඪ˰
һ·ļŭҲǸûŰģʲôϹ˵˻أ˼Ҳôż
ĵòûһѪεҿеģŻŸŮżң˵ˣôѰ𣿡
ٲѰɾҪϹˣ
޿̣⻰ôԽ˵ԽˣʲôϹţǴطҲû涨Ůҷǵʮް⾩öټҹȫʮ˾Ųſʼ࿴׵ġ
УҲͬ˵ӹʺô䣬һܿ컳ˣ˵ǻм𺦵ġ㲻ΪԼϲĸŮộıŮ

豻ƿԡ
Ѿ֪ǵڼˡ
ÿŸŮŮףŮҪԣ˵һѵĵŶŮŮһϴԣȻÿʼ϶Ը
Լϸ׵ģԽԽܲסŮǵĴ̼ˡ
Ҫ˵ɴֲܰɣ־ʧְ
ԽԽᣬ
ڷԼø죬ææ͸ϵ˷褵ĸۡʱɺҲſȴãڰѷˣæͷ
ûߵأͷľʧظߺˣ۵ûȥˣ
褱ʱҲͦŸվſڣһͷĺɫҲ΢΢һ䣬˲ֵĸ첲


297 ʥϰŵŮ

㣡
ɺææܹ
һһһԼĶӣһ侲ʣҩˣ
ɺָָ
빬Ĺٷҩݸ˷褣
һӹҩַԼȥ
ȰˣأͷѪζŨҪŵСӵģūýȥɡ
ǲãȥ
褼֡
ɺҲ̥æǰס㣬˵еɺȥɡģ֪ҩλҲһƽµġ
㣬ɺȥɡ
ҲǰһԷ褵ͬ˵˵Ǵ̿ôһ¡
褿˿Լá
Ҳֻˡ
š
褵˵ͷִɺȥ
ϾǺԺ費ýʱҲϢ
ŷ褹ȥҲҪ룬Ͼ̿͵Ҳ벻벻ǣܳ㵲һи̣ĶҲرġ
šüʱĶźˮЦ˵и̻˵ûУŽѰ졣
ɻ󣺡⻰
Ǹ˼вˣҲסλҹǻϴġ
ϴģ
ˣܰҿû˵ʲô
Ϊھŵģ֪ôࣿǸҲǽոձ˽ӽ˵ʲôʱܰŽֻסȡҡţＫпǻϰŸӭZˡ
Խ˵ɫҲԽѿ
һæļ򣬡㣬̫ˣŲͽ飡
ֲǻϣô֪ϵ˼
⻰ûش𰡣
ΪͲˣ
ôɴӭZӻ׼̫ӣһڴ󳼵ķԣԵĴ󳼣ְˡ
ʱ͢ѪҲæǰʵĵпչӭZȢŵ顣
пˣҲûܵģΪԼϱû䡣
ﲻǸӭZҵãԼ׼İɣ
οԼҴ㣺㣬ɵҡɻô꣬ٳΪôáֲǱû¸еҪɢǷޣôɣһԸⲻ𣿡
˵ˣô룬һԼ׼Ļʺأ
ɫѿˣһۣǻǸ׼ġȻ⵲һֳ˻ʺԺʲôǰֱͦˣ涼һء
Цҵɵϣ˻ʺͽɩɩڳǰһⲻǺ𣿡
褣ô
ҲĿҲô˼ˡ
ãǾģȲ˼ˡ
šŵüͷȷʵɿˣԼŷģתƻ⿴˿Ķӣʣ㲻˹˵廹ôּ˿ͣ
ǲɺҩҺһЩͺòˡ֮ǲ͵ģﲻ֪ôͰѿ˸ˡʱɺһڻ԰ɢһȺ˽һһͷ۵ȺһװѾģŮͻȻ˳ذɷشҡ
͵ذһˣȻҵһ
㣿
ɻ󣬡ô˷
褵⻹ô˷˳˹£
ѹ𣿡
ûɺֶ죬Աһ˵ֵĺȥ˵￴ӽССģɾȴСֱ˵ڻţ˵Դá
Խ˵ҲԽòζһ֮ɫĶãǲЩ֮
˵ͷôֱɺһƿûҪ˹ǱǴ̿͵ģ˱𣿡
褾ȣǣذȥǳ˲ٵѪ
زǲ򵥣æץŷ褵˵òһĿģԼߵˣ⼸㻹ͬһȥھסţﰢڡȻֲڣд̿ô죿
⡭⸮ۡô˵ǻϰסģϵﻹΪˣô뿪ĺ𣿡
Ϊʲôã
滳ԼһɵˣʧЦҲ˲СľţӻŵĿǻӻֲϺͿͺܹʲôҪҪġ
褾⻰˵Щìܣ˵пǻϵҪδĻʺ󣬿ɱˡ
ϾǱʵ۷ļϵŮˡ
ȿȡ
͵͵յ褵Ķϸϸص仰
꣬ʱɫ΢䣬˲ţ·Լһ̱ص߸һ
⡢ôܣ
ǴطĻʵۣȻǸ䣿


298 

ꡭ㣬ɲ˵
һ߶š
Ҫ˳ȥɱͷԴĴ£
褵ֱȸղŸˣ֪˵Ȼܵģ
ī˵ġ
īӣ
ʥϵĺѡ
ԣšüǲͬ㿪Ц
ʼ磬Ҳ֪ŵǲΪʥϵֱ֣Ҳȷʵ
ϸīֲĶͷ˾
ֻĿǰʥϹܶѡ
ʥϵĹϵȻûõܴԵĵزͲסиԵ˾˲ٲİԡ
Է˵ҲǺܾʹģӳȣף˵֮⣬Ҳ»й
ֽ򶼲˵
ͷͷˣзִ磬ҷġ
ʥǶ䣬ֲ÷ҪԼĻʵ̫ܣҲ̫ӣͳΨһ̳ˡ
褵Ǹӣ˿ԼҶãСʣλīӣ˵ʥϵλ
ҡҡͷ˭֪أ
褲ģɢԶǡ˵Ƽ㣬᲻͡ˣ

Ĳȥˡ
ôȻøһǺģ
ʧЦ㣬ͲҪҲ²˺òãüＸ㲻ʥֲϹӣ
褣˵ӣϾҪεˡ
òװѷ褴
˿̣ǵ׵Ѿ˲ٲˮˣ˹æǰ
򵥵ؽһ㲻õģѾ͹ȥˣﲻ¡סȥǲȫˣǽھסš
۵ؿŴŮǷ׵ɫͷã⼸վҪˣǶڣҲ̫ġ
أûϢ𣿡
褱һ£ʷ衣
ҡҡͷƤʵúܣǼãĵľ
褺ͷԣ׵òС
֪ϵ֮ġ
Ҳðŵ飬֪ܺ󣬳˾ȺͲ֮⣬Ҳûˡ
Ů˳Ĭһ
ͼɺææ˹˵ûˣסˡ
ԣһ
÷ɺһˣʰһ·褵Ķһطھȥ

ѹʱ߾ֻиѾš
ǿϵʹѾߣΪʲôֻһû𣿡
Ѿæصģ̥Ѿ˵ĸ׽ȥھˡ
һȥھˣ
̲ǳ
һպޣ˺Ѫǰˣ
Ѿ߸Ǻ˱ӣĺˣ֮ǰнֻҪ壬ǻúչġ
ҧŴҪӴ˵ҪˣǴȥˣ
򲻿ɰϻأһѿˣҪһη֮ˣ
Ѿæǰڴϡ
Ϊ̫С˿ڣ۵ôг
Ѿ߻ҵòУæܳȥˡ
ϾҩЧѾȥˡ
ԼҪϹһʱҲֻý첻飬еصزӦˡ
ΪѾ߶֪λǷ褵ĶˣԴҶʲôʧҲͼææȥھͨˡ
ʱѾȥīֽ˵λ
īסԸīղǽȥ˵ԣԼĸۡ㡣
ʱõһ㣬Цõʱóҹգ
īô˵Ҳʮüˡ
ȻӸߣкױϻŮӣƽīദҲһľ롣
ֻദһʱīֲ׵ıʣû񳤱һ
ī˸ԼĽ
īֿһۣŮһжװ磬òΣǿزǴһ㻡ȣǵƾɤҲԱŮ
һμôФķҲǾȵòУʱһŮˬȴΪӡ̡
ҲǼˣûѾͷ
ƽԷ̬ȣҲͬһ
˵Ϊ裬һչ˰ɣī־ԼҲûô֣Լûʲôˡ
ԣԷ̬Ȳһ㣬ΪӺθڡ
ʱˣīһ̲סȵϷһѾͷҲǲԣҲҪ㱨ġ㣬úóˣҾͰҪ˽㣬Σ

壬治Ҷ𣿣


299 ˮж

СʱҰɽܣͬкӴܣþǹӲľ
֮ʦϰ䣬ҲƴǹӾ
ˣ˷ھֱֶһֽǡ
ˣ˵ǹȴ²˳
ǰʱ򣬿ҰζʣԼòС
ٺµȫ˺ӣмͬŮӣȴҲ˵úӵĴ֦Ҷ
仰˵Լĳշǳ֪֮ʵڲԼĶͷ˾ίīһζĿ㣬Ҵȥ¥˵Ļ࣬Ҳܱ֤Ե㡭µĳգʵڲҹά˵㣬ԵĶҶµȰҽ㱸š
ī֣
֪֮׼佱һ
ĿˣôŰɣ
īһȣǴ˵ûҪҹҾͳĿ㣬ҪôԹţҪôֻؼȥɡ
⻰˵ãǰ㲻ԼҲûѷͷ
˳ǣϰһһӣֻõͷСǹҪǳԻ˶ӣɱû㡣
ī৵һȣһŷЦһѾͷͲ󣬶䵹治ʹˣҸղ˵ʲôˣ㰡ҪùҾúóˣ˲С
žǹǰɣ
īҡΣԷС˵ӦҲʲô°ɣϽģҹҶӿɶˣҪԻ˶ӣ⽫Ҳˡ
˻𣿣
ֻذװͰīĺȥ

ҹĸ·
īطǵִ˴طǡ
ɫѾˣһžͱϣ˾ͽ
˳ǣֱīֵĸۡ
Ϊʵ̫ˣīطݵĻ˯ˡ
ͣīſڣŵļææܣͨī֪īطˡ
īֻڵԣһ⻰סˣԳȥӭӡ
ϲЦտ뺰īطݵ֣ȼ£Ÿ˯СѾͷʱɫ䣺ѽīطݣССͣȻôռҼҵıˣʵĶȥƭ֪СѾͷ
īطɫһڣҧ˾ˣĪ˵ǰ𣡡
𣿷ҵСѾͷ
ǡ
ŶŶƭңҵѾͷôһɫ̥ǣ㻳εøʲôƵá
īһīطݵģȥﱧŵСѾͷ
īطٸͣ뱧ŷȴû뵽۾Եɵɵؿʣݸ磬ǵ𣿡
ˡ
īطݰ
˯Ժûѹֻܰīطݸ磬챳һ£ҺҾһǵ˯һȡ˯ˣȥҡҶ㡭
á
īطݼֱվһԵīְ֣ѷīߡ
һԵīֲ㱻ĿŻһѪֻܸɵ۵ؿīطݰСѾͷСر˽ȥ
ֿô꣬ǵһټɣ
īôó⸱ģѵͯϱĺô
ˡīֵôīطСӸԼͯϱ
ͯϱ򸾽ۡˡ
īվſ̲ס̾Ϣҵϱأ㵽ʲôʱҰһ
ΣȻһС˼ææͷһҪ޵ı˵ӣˣСǼҵĳˣ
ī֣
ȻӦһ·ǵ֪֮
Ȼеۣǰѿ˳һضȥī֡
ӣҪˣ
īֿϵ㣬ɫضš
࿴ζҲ
һѶͷϵĺˮǺЦ㣬ôһζ㡣ӣ£
īеԥһ׼⣬һʷ˵Ҽҳˣ
ԼıӣӣǸ𣿵ȻͷҸõģ
īûлش𣬼һҲŽԼ̧˷졣
һ£ͼյߣ˼ҪԶأ
̲ס˳Ǻ󣬷ε죬й⡣
ţһζ
ԼþϲȻֳ츳
īּ꣬ɫûѿżһԼˡ
ЩĿɿڴѵӣҲ˫ӣ
īһۣһ߾׽⣬һ߷ʣô㻹ҹӲɣ
ҵĿˮж
ī֣
ѾͷɱĿˮˣ


300 ٵĸ磡

īֳ㣬󣬲ŶԷĵǿϸȥСҪ˰ɡ
ʱϲѣлӣ
˵껰תҪߡ
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ֻǵȰ죬ҲֻѷɺȻѡ
˵Ѿگôؾˡɺ˵ţüǿӱޣҲûһ¶ʱ䣬»
ţ̫ˣԻϽߣ·ƽ֮Ǽ棬ͬ˵һĸɡ
ｻͨ㣬ӱȴͨķʽǻиӿá
øӵĻյѶϢˣñ²Ÿոگ
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𽫰õҩ褺£ЧȷʵܺãϢʱ䣬ѹˡ
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306 ܱܲס

ƶܹ𣿡
Լĸɫˣǡܱܲס
ҲҴƱ㣬룬ҺͰݸһᾡȫġ
š
⻰Ҳ˵ףʵ𣬽㶼ġ
˷Ҳûиܹεˡ

صͷӻ㲻ɫǳȻЦ˵˵ҪúЪϢôôˣ
̧Լüۣ֪ô£ܾṳ́ܲʵجΣûԾǰ㺰ˡ磬ǲʲô飿ǻǼãôף

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Ҫ˵ģȻո꣬״̬ǲӦ˴Ů顣
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ͬȥڣҲŷЩ
ҪСŮīطݸռˡ
ŮУҲͶŮīطݲ죬ķ緶
룬ĸж
ӱ޵ĻӦÿеģֻһ͵ÿǵҪҪҶһȥˡ
ΪжҲֻһˡ
Щᣬܿīطݹˣ˸
ͬʱһǺߣҵ˻ῴţ˼ٰ˶Ŀ
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ڵȼ˳ˣɱڹֱɺʱҸǰŪܵʱС˵©졭


307 ˭޹

ô飬ǾȻҲң
ˣͷͳȥ
豻ҵһ£ĿԹޱȵؿŮ
ɺһ޹Ҳǲ˵ˡ
ֻæң˱ˣ㿴ⲻӣŲͬϸ˵𣿡
Ϊһң𣿡
ǲҪǰɣ꣬˼Ҳǲõġ
ƭһǰɣ
ץͷȥ
ԹվﰤңˣСؿҲģءǶŮҲȥˣָܻǸȫȫβĴŮ
ǡǶĺأ
ҵļˡ
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Ѿϱ£Ҳ˵ۡ￪ʼˡ
ҲΣ˵ǳӵĸͷСйƶѾһʱˣֻ褶쳣ƣûע⵽ԼżʹҲʱĺ֡
ǰԼŮߵ̫ôߵλϣ϶ʮĿ
ڷߵˣǴطǴġ
ڸۡˣҲвǻϲģӭZԼһˡôͻǳ©أ
Ǹǻʥϰסȥʲô𣿡
뵽һ磬˵㵲һ˵ò᣿
ǰīˣ͵͵زţĿǰûʲôҹһش㣬סˡ⼸ǰЩԹͷŲ
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ǰǿµġ
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š
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ΪӭZûʽ⣬ûסȰ⸮ۡʱһס
ǲ֮͡
ԭҲû뵽˰ŽԸסġ
ֻǳԸطֲҽڷ˶ţֻܺӭZһԺӸס
žôԸס
ƽĻԷҲûйֵ磬Ϊֹжȣ˷С
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ȻȴôҲ벻ԽǲлĹҧԽס
ȷʵ书ȴ¹ƶ
ֹƶҲżȻһʦģʮӡ
ǹʦƶȻϢ˵ڣȴҩɽ⣬ҪԼһСеĹƣǾֻ·һˡ
ôϧôԼйƣ
˼ܣı˶գŽƳɹ뷽褵ڡ
ƳҲڣ޹ԱһŷڵĹƶ
ǹʦƶһ¾ͻ᳤ɣҿʼ֮ҩɽ⣬ɡ
ﱾ͵ʱġ
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褵ıˤģȴû뵽Լһ
˼촲вʣû취ȷʵˣ˶Ҫ°̺ۡ
ɲԼ覵ôѿİ̺ۣ̫Ӱˣ
ţЩԾ
סŵԺӣƺкö˫۾ڶţ˯ʱ򶼲ȡ
˻ûлظ𣿡
عĻͬͬסǷھ֣˵Ƿ˵ĸˣҪȥš
ֵʣ˵ĸ
ǵöˣϰ飿
ָʲôϵأԼǸţѲȥԼĸ׵ˣҲȡٸ̫δĻӣ
뵽⣬̲סЦ
һĪؿЦʲôأ
˸˰ˣϷãܸܵܡ
Ц˵ɲţǾĲٹټҷˣҪŰݷãȥֽطأ

ϰ飬Ҳÿ˱²ǣ


308 ΪԽ

ء
ټϷ褲ԸҲûҪٶʲôֽš
ֻЩż֪ǹƳ浽ڷϷû
֪Ҳǲȥ̽褵Ϣ˵ûر˵òˣˡ
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ɺüҺʹ࣬ʱõȥīǴһƤߣָܳɡ
⡭
һЩԥһŮŮֳ顣
ֻԥʱ򣬷ȴȵͷͬˣҾɺⲻˣΪ߳ķˡ
īˣĴû٣ȴһֺƤߡ
κ˵ǰεһΣܼǵ
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Ҽô˵ҲûʲôɷԵˣͶŷɺҪչ˺Լ
ɺﲻжˣʥϵˣڶǸһһŮµġ
һһСΪϡ
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Ҫô޹ҪôĻ߻Լĺβ͡
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īֱȻһ·ɺĶӣָܿڳ˸ٶǰСȶӽУֱӸɺȥҽͷͿԼȥƤߣòժΪٴȥЩ鷳
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Ϣе㲻ġ
ǹʦ˵ֹƳһɣɱ
ôǷ褻һö˶˵ӣ
ǵûɫԽйˣ
˼⣬ֻװʲô֪ȥ밲ˡ
ֻʱС˼ԽأԽǲزס
褺ΪȷʵЩļڷ褶ϵĿ⣬ȿŷ褵ࡣ
ɺźۼضī̵ֽļģ߲˵ˣɻЩˣ
⻰΢΢һæصл˹ģˣѾһպùһˡ
ǾͺãΪңŻ˵ġʲô㾡˵
ɺĿϣʱ˸жḧԼĸҪµ¾Ҹеˡ
ϹЦ⣬ĿȴʵĶƤ޺޵룬ҿɲͰͲĺô
Ҫ㼸ŵƨã

ɺ˵㺰һ
æ˼ˡȷҵı֮٣δҪʲôꡣϾڸ߶ôãѾܹⲻȥˡ
ᱨ꣬㷽褸
⸮ۡΪľǽȡ֮ͳ̫ӭZ֮ʡ
ӭZһʬ϶ᱯѣʱٳ룬ȡ褡ʱ϶Ҳᷴԣ
ԼıʮټԼóαװһ¶
ⲻ֪ʱ˿̣ÿһ˶һһ
ɺ̾һĿؿܾлЩˡͬҽΪսΣǼȻö࣬ûһͬȤζͶġ
Ϊսã
΢΢һͻһƣУ
˵ԼѾһõ˷褵ΡڷϵĹƳ治õĻҲлٴζˣ


309 ɰ

պΪõ˷εնҪԿõȥ褡
ⲻ֪ĺö˫۾ڶһһ
ڰϲ褵޴ԸԽԽ˵ź
֮һգٰ緽褵ķɺȥһ˷ھ֡
һҷ̸̸ģȴټһƣ˵Ҿȷɡ
ѾȻҲû˻ᣬȫ뿪ѷճʩչ
Ϊصúܺá
뿪󲻾ãĴȷȷʵû֮Ӷͳһɰ齡
ⲻ֪ͲһӰӣڰض
ｫŻĺɰ˴ϵͷ£߳ȥ
ҲžͶѾͷ˵Ȼ㻹ûôҾȻȥˡȷֹͬ˵һ
ѾǷ׷Ӧá
õ뿪Ժſڵʱ򣬺ȻʲôƵãһ䣺ˣΪζǼҵСүСС㣿
㶨˷褣ȻҪ㶨Сˡ
мı
ӵعĻСүССͱʥϽ빬нˡ
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첻ѣԼܵܵĺôʲô
ȻǺȻ뵽ʲôƵã׻һĨŨŨ֮ɫΪѾ΢΢˵ģûпϵı顣
ɫ΢΢ǳЦ¹Ȼ۰ԼֶԼܹΪǴطǸöá
ѾǹţûиʲôӦ
ҲҪǵĻػת߳Ժӡ
߾͸ԸѾߣǶˡ
ɼˣҲױ¶ǰ
ѾĿ߳Ժӡ
Ӱ󣬲۷׷
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Ҳ漫ˡ˭֪أǱ°ԸˣûǱȥǡ
⻰˵ģڿǷ˵ãظ˭˲֪أ˭ǰ
ˣ˵ЩлϽɻȥ
곤һѾҲɢøʲô͸ʲôȥˡ
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Ҳؿŷɺŵĺɰ
ɺ褴磬ͦŸԼԡ
ڷѾǰ˵ˣǿǰĴŮСŮٰġ
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ȥҸɡ
ɺ˵ĻͦеģǾͰźɰȥҴˡ
ֻǻ󣬽ȴЩ֮⡣
ĸŮ˵ֻͨ˰֮⣬ûʲôԡ
ôܣѵԸǸˣ
ҶЩţ˵Ѿ˶üȷȷʵġ
ɺ˵ͷκ̫ãһһҩĻᡣΪͷǶҩȴû뵽ۣ˷ѽ⡣⼸ͬ˵ʱҲȷʵ˵Ӳʣ˯ž顭
ôģ
ššüҡҡͷԾղͺɰӰӣҲ˵˵Ǽ仰ôȻ͹Ϻͱˣ
ЩӣûиϺͱ籣Ҳ֪
ɺԼҲòУɰû⣬ǻɴˡ
źɰȥī֣СöˣӦܱһ¡
˵꣬źɰҴҵˡ
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̲ס̾һҲ֪Ͷˡ
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ô˵ķɺ֪
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ǵСãȷʵһСѾͷ
ɺ룬ֻҪаڣһôµġ
ҪģǾ쾾ף


310 ȹƣ

һ˴£Ѱ˸ʱŵء
һֱչ˷褣Ϊǿ˼ؾȸϵٽӭZ֮صǳء
ھȥ𣿡
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ôˣ
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š
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ҩ裬ȪˮƵģЧӦñ֮ǰҪЩţոιһš
ã
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ҶֹƳ൱ڲѣиƳĻҲпܱƳѸޡ

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褡
ӭZһǰȥס˷褵֣۲ѵÿ޽ǵһ縷˿ʵԲ𣬶Ҳãûкúõرĸӡ
Ϊҩ˯һᣬӭZҲתѡ
۾ͿԼ๫褵Ҳ֪ж༤æҪ
ӭZס˵褣Ѿʲô֪ˡֻҪܺúõģʲôԲҪ
ԣжѣĻСģһġ
²ΪԼ
Ϊ˰Ϻͱ籣ӭZܾô


311 ˵

ҪͬһȥϽ
ӭZʱֱ֮˸ƽס
һ仰ĸ˶ŵˡ
ôܸһȥ
ɫ΢䣬һͬ
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ҵӣﻳŵҵĹˣ飬ôܰĸٴη룿ΣҶҪͬһȥȻŵĲܷ¡
ԸŰһȥȪ
ӭZɫݷ
ȻԼСãԼһԵīطݡ
īطݻܾȴû뵽ͬˡ
˵û

ⶼЩʲôˣһ㶼Ǵֵ
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Щ׽ãҲûз޵ĸô϶ǿԼ๫顣
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аɣȻǶûǾİźˡ
ӭZõʵ۵گʱһ׼
ڷ褵ʱҲ׼ˡ
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á
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ҶƵһСʵ
ҶƵ˵ϽöƳ棬൱ֻмľн֮ģȹƾһ֣ҩɽ⡣

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Ҷֵīطĵ˵Ƴ治ȹƣ㲻ûнƵϣһִֻܵϽʱ֪ˡ
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Ҳûȥˡ
ΪӭZļ룬𻹲ֱӽ褷Žռøʱ÷ӭZ͡
ӭZ֪ҲȷʵȲѣڸ淽һ뵽ռ󣬸ǲû°͡
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ӭZһ˴ǰ
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ʲôʳɳأ
ˣֻƳҲӹ棬̥̣ȡ˷ڵӪ
²ӹҲسֳֻٶȻ
ѹ£ȥһعƳҲǳһ㣬ϸʲô仯
ֻǵڣҶû취жϳһĹƳ棬Ϊƫƫḽڷ褵ӹϷ
ҪƽĻȷʵ޷ԤաΪʱĶСµʱѹƵĹƳḴܵĻ㡣
Ҷ°ϸϸһ£˵ʱ˳⻨õš
Ҳֻˡ
˵ͷֽĿīطϣʵݸأЩҩ裬ӦÿԶЩʱհɣ
īطݳ΢΢ҡҡͷ²̫СҸƵҩ裬ҩԽԽѾ첻ѹסֻƳġ
ô᣿
ȵòУֻӾȻпҩԣ
ţǵġ
īطְһҩݸҶƣ㿴
ҶűӵһţŨĳҩĵζֱǡ
ؽ֦
ţζҩĺѰ٣Ѿʣһˡ
ҶƵɫҲȷʵܲð졣ҩԳɻȽϺһ֮ءһ㶼ⶾҩ衣ҵû뵽㻹ѹƹƳҩ衣Чĺá
īطݵ˵ؽ֦ҩģֻû˵ˡЩҩҲʮֺҰζԱ𡣡
ãСһǱҩ󣬼ȫļˡ
֮īҿʼͽЩԼĬдͳһĲӡ
ȻͿʼȥѰ伮ϡҩݣռ߰꣬ĿȻ̫١
ټ𣬴ȳʱҩľʰһ䣬ŵ˷Ŀռ
ȻЩ鷽Ҳ֪ġ
ô찡
˵ĶԻȻ̫ʲôؽ֦жັ˵ԼȥûѹƹƳҩˡ
˾ҵ֮ˣƺҲûİ취ˡǾ**ڣƶǰô࣬һġ
Ҷưŷ𣬶īطݵҼǵõؽ֦ҲҩҪ뷨ã
īطݣ
˻ǰʲô˰ɣ
ûãԹˣ˵ؽ֦ûҩܴѹƹƳЧԣ㻹ᾡȥˡ

ҶҲǶʱ޻˵ˡ
УҲЪˣȥҿ˰ɣ
ҲżææǰȥҲϢһȥϢ
īط΢΢һûü˵ʲôͼҶƷ˳ȥ


318 Ͷϵ÷

ԼǵĹһӴԼǰһͬ뿪
īطﻹ̵ס
ͬһȥ
ߵſڵҶƺͷͬʱͣ˽Ų
ݸ㲻ǻҪҩ𣿡
ǰȥˣ̫鷳
һһ
īطֹ֮⣬ɨһۣô뱳ȥ仨¥
Ҷƣ
Ǻʷˣ
æЦݸ˵ʲôأϽΪ˸βôôȥ仨¥
ҶҲܲ˵ǰīطС֮ĶȾ֮ˣϴǸѵǶˣ¥ôùġֻǵȥ˶ѡ
ţǾͺúˣ˶Ҳҵ÷㡣Ҷƺīһ·ҺͰһ·
˵꣬Ϳ粽ǰŷߡ
Ҷһ±ƣŤͷվһԵīߡ
ī߳Ҷ΢΢һЦ¶ְݣҶӲͬһ·ɣ
ҶƳ˳ǣüīطݶŵôˡ
Ҳȥ߰㣿
ҶƿŮȥıӰܲˬֹһ䡣
ī߶ãЦǺǵҶӻǱ˲ˣѵ㶼û𣿰ǼӣͶϵ÷
Ҷԣɫ䣺Ͷϵ÷û뵽īطʹ⣡
Ȼǽˮ¥̨ȵ£Ǹɵģ
īߣ
ǲе㲻ȷ
զˣ㿴ɶѵ˵ˣ
ҶԽԽīط˹Ļ
ûʲôˡ
Ҷĵ̾һˣóԵ⣬ǵ˶ҲֻʹԼССôû÷
ī߳˳ǣҶƵļҶӽڰϾÿ˶ĿɰС÷һø֡
⼸ĵ˼Ҳǹˡ
ҶƿúܿߺһһߵѽүȥǴطɲٸԼúҸϱˣ˵ϱɶϡģ
īߣǣǰףҵԼǵĹ
ҶƺٺһЦīֵˣҲףҵǵĹﰡ
һûһ˵⻰ڷīطݵð·ͷֿѰˡ
īطţԸоЩˡ
ݸ磬㲻ỹ֮ǰ¥ɣ
īطݵûУǶȥΪλҪ
ô˭Ƿ㼸һ
īطݣ
ô
īطĬĬ̧Լſ˭Ƿһ˵ǱǷ뵽˰ǰҵŵԡ
ʲô
˵ģٵͬҶƳȥ

ˣ
û
ôأҸղǿҩԲûһģµҩҩԾͲˡ
ţģ
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īطˣǸ˭ˬıɽԻһЩĿŷ˳ͷ𣬸㡣
𣺡
զ죬оѹˡ
ʵոôһ˲䣬ȷʵ˶īطݵĳŵ
ĻôһҶһȥ~
ڡ
ţǰЩС˼صͷɣİݸҪˡ
İݸ粢ûôú壡
ԸԼҺܿת˻⣬īطݣݸ磬ǵһȥˣ⻨ǿɲСȷе˵ϽС
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𣺡
ݸ磬Ҹû˵һ飿
¥ǻ¥
īطͣ˽Ųָָǰֵƻͨһ¥
¥߲㣬ԶԶȥ߳һأԼԼ¥ͷ߶ǡ
ֻǣݸ磬˵õĲȥ¥أ
ʲôֻݹٷŻ𣬲յƣ
Ȼкܶ۵²ۣʶȤɶҲû˵ΪҰݸɫʵ̫ˡ
һͲҪȥ¥ʲô顣
ݸ磬¥ǰҲû𰡣Ǹ˼˵ˣҪȥֵطӦׯһ𣿡
Ůװ磬ϻ̥ǣίѵ˵ģɲ׽ȥ
ȥ
īطݿһװ磬˵ǲǵġ
ðɡ
㳤úÿ˵ʲôʲô£
Ҳװ粻װʲôˣīطݣţӭͶЦгĻ𱡭


319 ɱ

𱻹û˵أīطݾóƣֱǰ
ܿͿ˲ĵЦغһӡ
Ҳֻһ˲䣬һӻָԭ̬ߺһϹ깫죬ӺС·
Ϲ깫Ҳģͷ󣬾ǰ湧ظīطݺͷ·ˡ
״ȵòУСīطô¡
īطݵ¥ǰصīҲҵһֱǳī
ףīֳҲϲֵط
īطΣϲǱҪİf
ף׵ġ
һЦЦֲīֳҵʱ򣬻ҵϷһأȻǺܻŮӡ
īطݣ
¥֮䲢ûʲôֱӵĹϵ
īطֻü͵¥ϽֳҲϽܣȻȷȷʵʵǸˡ
ˣΪīֳδɻȢް

⵹һʵ˵ϡ
īطīƽǲŵоԼīİԣۺһ£˷𰸣ΪѾˡ
𣿼ȻˣӦ˼Ȣ
ˡѾΪޡ
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īֳ⵹ǱЩűŮˣȻȥȢһԼϲŮˣҪǿöˡ
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Ȼȷű򿪣ص鼮ǽ壬Լһû˶ڵϵİ׷ͷʱʾԼе
ƹģīҹӺ͹ˡ
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Ͳˣһˡ
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ˣаɣһΪīô󷽣С޹Ҹɻأȴû뵽ӭĻǴү
׷ͷǲˡ
֣ҽʦܣϽʿ
㣡
׷ͷһʰ鼮һ߲ͷ
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ŶŶǸְҼǵá
׷ͷͷŷƺЩʲôܿͼ˵СӵȶˣʦֳӲȥ֮һֱϽϽδأͷ룬ƺǰСӾ⻨ˡ
ŶŶˡСӻ˸ɹŮڻǡڻǿ˸СʳСʲôʳԸȥҰɣ
׷ͷ˵껰Ͱ㲻˵ؿʼˡ
һʰһ߶߶Թīͷֻʹˣʹӹǡ
ǿЦã͵͵īطݵԭһаһö
ʲôл죿
īطʡ
һ£Ǻܻ˵һǵ˻˵Ĳͣͣ֡
īط˵ص˵ͷֹνġˣǿɲǻ˵ô򵥡
ţǻɶ£
ܵı¡
īطݵ֪Ͻ˺£סЩܲѵġǧͬҰһͣҰʱڽ˼ģǺѡҰ潨¥ӻĻǧ»û
ΪҶࣿ
Щ˵ܾõ˵ܣ͵סЩ˵Ѩ룬һ죬֪֮ܣĵһӦʲô
𲻼˼ػصǻ˵Ұ˵ˣɱڣ


320 ˣ

ţԣǧѰ˰棬ðӻ
Ŷ~
һȻģ°͵Ȼǧ᪾͸īԴرī𣿡
Ȼ
īطЦ¥֮һҲǧ᪵ġ
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ɲǼҸնһֺĵһġ
ڵõֵȥīطҲû¥ܿ뿪Ҷƺīߡ
ԻȥˣȴŲٳʳûѷ
Ҷƴ󷽵һЩʳ˵õϢʳʳôе죿
ī߰һۣո·
ŶŶˣǸղȷʵǰ漸ֿһʳߣǹȥ
Ҷ߶߶û뵽ʦ徹Ȼְã⻨ǿʳԼϰ
˵Ľų̺ܿ죬һ͵Ƿʳſڡ
Ҳˣи廨ȹŮ׼ϵš
Ҷһ粽ǰסûһλֵˣ
ﱻҶôһٶ΢΢һ㶣ܿɫšüҶһѣ˭Īҹˣ
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ðţǼλֳȷʵЩʧˡ
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ںᳯСȶһţܲ㵱Ȱôçײ˼ҴڨģҿƢõˣҪң϶һŰ߷ɳȥ⣡
Ҷƣ
һ±ƣ˵ʲô
ƿҶƺīߵĻŽĿ˼ϣɨ˼ۺ˵Ҵطˣûʲôֵ˼ң
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Ų˲ӣľŸȥ
ʼնû̧ͷ࿴һۣغź󣬾ڵϵĶˡ
ߵøɴ䣬ͷûһ¡
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Ӧòдȥīطݵղˡ
ţҲܿ
Ҷֻǵˣɰ㶼ɰ
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׵Ȼûīߡ
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׼ؿջ
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ΪԷһҲȥ
ֻһԤУīҪꡣ
ֿܣ
ҶһİƣŤͷīȥķܡ
һīطݣīطҲæ§סܿ͸Ҷơ
²û
ҶƸϵʱ򣬾Ϳڵϵīߣɫף촽ϣ˶ģ
Ҷưһ⣬ī֮߰һҩ衣
īѣȻһںѪѪﻹмɫĳ䶯š
¹ˣһ൱ĹƶҪûʱϹʱͻ༫ҡ
ոջָʶīһãȻ˿ϵĺѪǳӣʱһθĵòеҷûνƳϢطҵڣ
ҶҡҡͷʦҲģ¹ΣСʦõʦ洫
ššü˵ƶôôһҩͽⶾˣ
Ҷƽ͵ƶȻֻżĶѣЯһЩʦĽƶܵҩֻҪǺģõһЩƶЩЧ
īѾӰˣؿڲʣЩȷ뿪ˣ
Ҷļ򰲸ģȻóƶһܱЩģοʦĵҩǿǺպҽʲôµģ
˵ˣҩûãѧɲŵģ֪أ
Ҷ᲻˵ţֿһǰʮڣһ̾Ϣǽǰ˸ˡ
īط΢΢üɨһܺ󣬳ĺܸߣոˣǲ֣Ҫ취Ѱ˲޶С


321 Ͼɱ

⻹ô뷨ӣ
°͵ҪǾʳ涢ţ
ء
īطݵȻȥɡ
Ҷƽڵϵī߸קīطݵĻīߵʦҲٳңǹôҲɱǺ
ī߳˳ǣ˲ǵѪգ¹ƶΣʸǺ𣿡
ҶЦīߣû뵽ôĬ
īߣ
⵽Цˣ
ɫԽԽڣһСõƶŵ㶪
ҪǱ֪ˣ²ҪЦ
īߺȻãߵӣûڰң䰡

ȷû˸֮󣬱㼱ææػصԼļҴ
մţͼһ˼ңϣͷİĥŲҩۡ
ּѾͷɫţеĶʵôˣ׷ˣ
±ŵ¨һڲˮ˵ˡĸˣӣһŮӡˣģ
ҵģ
ֵǲһ£Цȷʵ֮⣬ô˻Ҫͷأ
ǵǵʦѰİɣ
¹ƶˣ
û£ֻԸҵˣµĻ֡
ԣһۣӵǲСͲ¸Լǳң
ں£ʲô
ҡҡͷ˴Լûа֪˫ȣĵ£ҪǲǸΪҪһһϾɱ
棺
СѧĹƶֲ֮áʦ㻹ð˸ϾɱԼһغˡԣ´θ˶ֵʱ򣬻Էʲôݰɡ
汻ôһ˵ġ
Ȼʦ˽
ʵҲ̫ǿʦЩ꣬Ҳûŵ顣
˾γˣһӦ϶ǲʦڶӦǾʦȫǳңһɱһˡ
ѹûôǶԷʲôͷ
ʦҲûѵԽҲˡ
뿪֮ʱͿ¶ģǶԸԼһ˶
⻹Ϊ
治˵˵ţһ߽¨װŵķһһóͷĸǰҲˣԹҵĲˡ
ͷҲ磬۾ˣЦǺǵУʦ֪ˣվͽôĹƣ
ƲƲ죬ȤÿһʱͽһֹƳ棬ƹƣȴôƶʦҾǲԵġ
ֵʲôԣⲻ˵ģʦܽˡ
棺
⻰ž;ùֵֹġ
ܸܲ˹ƶ󣬾Ͱϻʦƶɣ
鷳
Ҳٷ֡
ʦͷڶЦеģʱᵣԼǱǱʦųĹƳ
ʦܾȺ˻ҪʱҾͲȥʳˣ
㲻ȥʳ𣿡
ȥͶѽ˵Ҹҵ˸ƶ𣿲ͬ鷢ֲ˰
ΣȥţʦȥȺСӵҪͷʲô
ְθɤţץƱظԼһھƣһվѾƮ˺Σʼֹ˵ʲôˡ
ֳ°ͣѾεȥͷ̾һǲףû취ҪûңͷҪô
ͨ
䣬ͷѾòȾƿӣſϣߴﹾز֪˵Щʲô
ڶա
滹ûͷĻȥʳֻû뵽ĸˣȻҵסĵط
ɫȻһ䣬ŤͷҪߡ
īȴȷԾԺӣһסļ򣬼Īţǲûж⣡
ŲͣŤͷīߣʣ㻹û
īߣϸ룬飬ӦҶ
˵ܲٲܲٵ
ҶҲɿ˹Сʦ𼱣ʦģʦҽʦ
˵ţҶͳԼʦ֤塣
ֻ濴һۣͷҲȷʵһ飬еҶƵĻˣţſڵţȥʦ
ֿһīԼ֣λӾͲйƶ𣿡
īԣɫ䣬æɿ֣˺üһصľ롣
Ҷƣ



322 ң

潫ýȥͷ
ͷ˯ѣʱ۾
⡢ģ
ⶫ˵㣬ʦ壬˵ҽͽܡ
ʦֵͽܣ죬Ұù
ͷ´ѵòУﻹҹͷ۲ѵģ
ΣͬʱҲһ
ͷվš
һͼεˣɫƺʮּھʣ˭ʦֵͽܣ
ң
ҶƸæֵ֣ܵĸǰЦǺǵʦϺðСӽҶƣʦĵʮ߸ӣ
ʮ߸
ͷ˳ǣһźһӽҶȫ´һĵʦֹȻͽܶô࣬СϿ϶й֮
ҶƲ˼ͷЦǺǵ˵Сޱʦô
Ǻǣ˾ǫ飬ʦɺã
ʦӹӲأʦ̫ġ
Ŷ
΢΢СֹϲĹȻ˾ʮˣôң
ţʦ壬˵ʲôأ
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ͷסͷһƣ˵ûʲôСӲǴʦϲİɣ
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ȹơ
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Ҷƣ
ͷôͨ
Ҳе£ոջһô͵ͷôû˵仰Ťͷˣ
ôˣ
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ͷмһðվſڻվϷǰ

ǵ
͸⿴ȥ
˺һСվһһԳʦͽܵСӣһίߡ
˵аɣھͽǸϳȥϵԶԶġ
š
ͷһݣȥˡ
濪˳ȥһҶƿ񣬹Źͷһ˷ܵس˳ȥСʦãʦôˣҸո˵ʲôõĻʦ岻ˣ
˵ʲôˣ
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īطݵ¹ʦֵҲûʲô̸𣿡
ɫȻһ䣬ʲô˼
ģҾʲô˼

ͷΪô꣬ȻֻʦĿУ־׵īطñв޶ԣ¸ƶ档
¹ֵҲӣضīطݺһˣУҸȥġ
ǻһ¡
ʱ
˺òҵ˺Լټ
ҶСʦҲ̫˰ɣԽȥҸʳ̸ΪҪѡô
Ŀڶࡣ
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īطҡҡͷûУθҩͨǰɫġ
ðɡ
šüɫҲã˵ȹ޽ҩҴô죿
īطݰ̫࣬һн֮ġ
š
ʵĵѾĴ㣬û߹īطݡ
룬Ĺƶ޽Ļ͵ȴ㽫ɹְ
Ҳ˲٣Ƭ˵ĻʱҪѵġ


323 

١
ִʱҲϻֱīطݣղ˵Ļʲô˼
ʦйƶһֱԹƳһ㣬㿴
īطһ仰Ǹɫѿŭīطݣʦôйƶ
֪ʦˣ

һ㣬汣˳ĬŴ꣬ɫҲ˵ǣ֪ʦ˵ΪƳõĹƳƣƵĹƳ棬ͽȹơ
ȹƣ
𲻽ˣǳ˼ӹϵʦҲûӹ
ʦȹƣϡ
ɫʹ˵ʦ˸ַӣû취ѹסƳ棬ÿ춼ҪܹƳĿڵʹңȹƿģԹƣԼйƳһĳ̶סȹƣôʹ࡭
ɻǻ
īط΢˵롣
˵ͷ˵ȹƣʦԼȲˣôȥǵˣ
򴽣һʱҲ֪˵Щʲô
Ϊףһġ
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һԵҶƳȻա
ؾ˸æҽ㿴ɡֻҪͺã
濴ŷͱԼСйƳҲͬԼ֮ˣЩ֮ģԥһ󣬻ǵ˵ͷ
褷Լڿջ
濴ͦŴӣһҸԼ๫ķʱ˶µģŤͷˣ˵ȹƣ
ͨȹƣ첻վͻᷢܿͻ˥ȥǸ˹ƶô֪ȹƵģ
һӵʣž˳
Щ¸ͣȰҽ㿴
漫ˣֱǰ褰һ¡
Ȼͷڡ
˹ƵֻһѣΨһԱһ㣬Ͽ϶йƶʾӡǡ
ƿ˷褶ϵ·Ϳʵĸϣ˺Ѫ˿֩һסйƵ
ʦĿڴҲĺѪ˿͸ľһ
ȷʵǹƳ棬ȹƣйƵģ
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褻ĲͺȻˡ
ƿֱۼһ£߰˰ˣ֮ŵ鲻ƳûȹеƣǡȹƿûôõƢڡ
㿴ЩڵľûУȹͨӹشﺢڣ
ʲô˼
Ӷ죬ʶץסӭZֱۣŵÿ޳ˣҵĺǻ𣿡
šüҡҡͷ˵࿴̥ûģǿƳҲȷʵ飬㲻㵽ʱĺӡ
ʲô壿
Ҳ졣
īطݽ͵һжߵĺӡ
ԣⷽ˵Ƴ淴桭
漸һֱŷ褵һ߰һ˵ģʱʱĸȥ۲Ƴڵķλ
᲻Ϊ̫īطҩԵʣҶƵ
ҲŤͷīطһۡ
īط΢΢һ㶣ҲֿܣҵҩҲ֪Ѿû취ѹסƳˡ
īطݵĻȵĿͶҩѹƹƳ棿
īطݵ˵ͷҪĻҿԸһЩҩ裬ûȥԣʦҲЧ
ˡ
ղţĵһͷȷʵīطҩ
תһ룬Լʦ壬Ѿȹô򵥣ǸƳѣŲٹƳ棬ԵҩܺõģҲпܻʵ䷴ʦ
ʦЦ
褿֮ͼææػȥˡ
ӭZīطݣݣǴӡ
ҧģҾԲôµģֲֵĹƶǾȥ⣬ѾϽˣͲôطû˻ֵĹƶ
ӭZ˵ͷԼ˵ǾͻҪ鷳Ǽˡ
ȴǵǵ˵壬ⶫĶǺǺõ𣿡
ӭZӦǺõģ밡ǵĺҲ±¶ˣ
Ҷƿ˿Щ׻û˵
ȵͷīط뿪󣬲̲ס˵廹б׶˵ģһѵĶ
иʦ־壬ЩԺ˯һ𣬵ʮüˣȢϱأ


324 źѡĸ

ֱӾҶһۣ˵ʱֻҪܱסȢȢϱʲôҪģ
аȢϱͲǲ˵Ǹźȿͷô
Ҷ˵ʱԼ˸
һŶ㿴ȢӶԼҪ
ҶƲƲ죬ͷҲô˵
Ťͷ˳īطݣīط˵˵źҪ
īطĬĬؿһ۷δѵдһ˿֣أػصȻҪ
ҶʣѡԼźӣѡĸ
īطݣ
Ǹʲôѡ⣿
ȥˣôСֶӻûأѡѡźӣжҶƣźӹɣ
͵ؽҶһơ
Ҷĵǰ˼һί˵ǡȸźӣҲܴǹ
īطݣ
СӲǱ˹ƶǸɵˣûˣ

һԵķЦŷĸ첲˵ѵ˼ɵġ
ǺЦҲɵġ˭ϲҶеƭˡ
˿ϣžͺˡ
ͷҲȥϢϢٳȥ̽̽**ûбЩĹƶʦ
ţ
Ŀͷ¥ȥˣָҶһţʲôȥ˯㻹Ҫɻأ
ҶŤŤ󣬿ŷٺЦţСشյʵСȢûУ
ԣ˼ûУ
𣺡
һ˲ӽҶƣǺǵô㻹Ҷ㣿ҶȢؼ𣿡
Ҷɬ˵С뷨á
ޣôң
òУҶ룬վīطݵ࣬סĸ첲˵˽ǺͰݸ֮⣬˭ôң
Ҷƣһƺѣ
Ȼڣֻ׽˲ſԽеĳƺ
ҶҲǷˣ˷һۣû뵽ôСˣ
̧̧°ͣЦһҵȻСǷҵĽӿɱǻˣѱ۸ջҹ
Ҷر𱦱ۣһ⻰ˣɣҲóѵģһţҺܿͻỹģ
Ǻܻ¥ȥˣɿīطݣת׼طȥ
ݸ磬ȥ˯һˣ˯ٳȥˣ
īطϻһ˿Ц⣬ãȥɡ
˷䣬īطϵЦ⽥īߵȥ
īߣǡ
˷䣬īطݲʣīһǱʲôϢ
Ǻīһϵһÿһվ㶼ᵽīҰfѶϢðf˷ɸ봫Żص
īߵīһǱߵϢǱ߸ѶϢ˵Ѿץ˸¹ƶŮӣǵ´˵Ψһܽ˹ƶҲֻ֪˵Ĺʾ**δҪ**
˭˭ܽƶ
īطݲŲʲôĻıֻϽҵܽƶǸˡ
īóһֽд֡ᡣ
Ǳױд
īطݻû
ʱļѾģˣǰļȴ֡
ǰһλʹЩ˵ͷ­ȫն䡣
ⱲӣƲ֮£ǰ࣬ɹûػλ
ϱӣȥǰգŸոͬλ겻Ļ棬Σʵض˵Բ𣬰ݣǻ̫ˡ
һͲɽˡ
ǻĴ
Բ㣬Բ㸸ף
ÿһÿһ䣬īطݵڶؼǵá
һҲͨĳЩ֪һһ
ȻҲ֪Ϊʲôд¡ᡯ֡
ΪˣԣǼΪҪһˡ
Ūˡ
īطݳ˳ӣֽһ˺ӽ˲ˮܽīߵȥ**īеѰλСᡯˡ
ī΢΢һ㶣ӣƾˣеѡ
īط룬ļܺãǰҵ游īһѰ˹ȥ
˺һӡ
īطߵ˰ǰóһֽīĥīˮʼż䣬˵Ĳ˳
ҲǾһƳֻסĲ
ǲҲ㹻ӡ̣Ӧúܿҵ˲Ŷԡ
񻭳֮ī߿Ф񣬾ȵòУ⡢ҪûݵĻȷʵͦҵģϾôӣ
īطһеĺʣĸͷǺܸߣԼĪ


325 ˫

ī߾ôīطݸĻ񣬳īϽһȥˡ
ͬʱſڡ
һɫµĿӣŸʮͯţ˳ǳء
Сͯӵ½ʣĿ԰ҰǸңǻǵĶԣǼŮӣûгġãôС
ϸ޳ͯͷĪɤ˵ģڣ˭ãҶзǰػ
СͯжѣáǲӦûһȥ𸮣㲻˵Խɣҵ˾ԽС𣿡
ϸһ˿ۣʧЦô˵װҲҪǮġżȽǣ˳Ǻ뷨̵Ǯ̵Ǯ˾ȥû
Сͯɵص˵ͷ̲סʣҪʲô̵Ǯ
ţϣĵ˵ʱ˵ȵʱ֪ˡ
Сͯ۾˯ģж̲סһθ̾ôôÿأ
Ҳ֪ôŮӲ˫
ǲǸƽﳣ߶ŵСѾͷ
СͯԴ룬°ͣӺƲû˯ȥֻڱĿѣСʵҪҵСô˰
ţ
ԣ˫ӣЦôȻ
Сͯ΢΢죬С룬ôõŵĹ϶ҲǸһǾ˫˰ɣ
˫
ֱҡҡλεţϣϵһеʳĵԽЦһ˵磬ȷʵϾ˫˫ĵҪˣû֮һҲȻҲûʲôˡ
СͯΪֵۣϹѧãס硯ʵ˼
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Ҳӽ͸˵ǸĺӣȰþȳͻȥúɡ
Сͯͷ֪ǶṼҲúŬȡտ״Ԫ
ЦЦãҾ͵ǵĺϢˡ
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ϸ룬Ҳнʱˡ
ɾ꣬͸ָһһôĵطҲû̽СϢ
ƴΪΪСһּͨ򵥵Ĺʱλ档
Ǳǻƭ˰ɣ
ͷžðһɰ̣ϸһƺ̲һۿĶ˵˵ǿʹߣûƭ㣡
᲻ͷ̧ɨɨŰ̡
ĶΣܿɢˡ
صԼʶУŲмһ˵ʹ߾Ͳƭˣ˰ɣҿһأҲѻˣʮޣҪҲСҾ͵ƭңʱͱˣ
ʶеһʹĻɵô˸ίͰ͵˵ǡҲҲܹǰôطʮ궼ûţֲҲܰҰ˵ˣ㻹úúòزأҪ㣬ͲˣһϻȥԭǸض໳˹ֹλ棡
˳ǣһöлѣ
ʹŤ£ɬ֮Ͳô~
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ûסۣȻ뵽ʲô⣬С˵ңͻӻǸλ档ҵС𣬹ⱻǣǲǾܱһӻ֮ǰλˣ
ʹ룬ǲⷴʵΪʲôҪǸõλأλ治ûЩªĶҲûΣʮ꣬ﲻǹúң𣿡
΢΢ü°˵ǿеģҲȱʲô
ȱʲô
ȱÿɶˣִݣ洦õ˧Ů
˵һ룬־¶һСƨ˵ҲⰡ
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ʹСʶתȦЦ˵ĵģ磬㻹Ŷˣ
˻̸ָ֣ǵ϶ֵʲôЦôƨȻȰ
ΰɶ죡


326 ʲô˼

СίˣȻλȷʵһ㣬ܱǸλ׺ľҪǿö˰ɣͿ𣿡
ѾôˣǸϽ˯ȥ̯ǮҪ
СӼ˵ˣΧתȦҰ˵ĶʵڻںôҲһˣһܺ㲻ɣֻҪúһա
~
۾ź˯ˡ
Сӣ
ֱӣ
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ỹû𴲣ƿԼߵķţ۾һСͯˮ
һ˯ȫޣץ·´󣬴ŹǷСͯôô磿
΢΢ء
СͯЦǺ˵˵Ҫȥ̯˿ȻҪһЩռõλðɣ
룬⻨Ҳ˱Ƚ϶ģȷʵĻȽϺá
˵ͷϴʰһʹСͯȥȥˡ
ϾǴҪ˿ţȻҲڹ֮ġ
Сͯ˵СǮͽһΣһ鲼дѰĸ֡
⿡εģ̫ں
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ȹŮӣϻŨױЦȽȽߵ̯Ӹǰ
Ϊ׵ŮӿԳ㲻£˸ۣĵСɾūƣūҼСɾ߲Ǻʲô~
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СɾɱǵģȸưɡؿڰƵ۵ģƱײһ
ĸŮ˲һͰѱС̯ӸΧסˡ
Сͯĳ棬ŵö㵽ȥˡ
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ҪǹﳤúÿЩе棬ƫƫ⼸λͲСһȫױݣֱǶ࿴һ۶۾ˡ
ҲûͲؽ˸ߡ
һֵüΪĵس弸ЦЦλȻ뿴ǾȰѶźãһһλƣƲõĻҲǵǮ
ףСɾҪǮ𣿿϶ûǮôǺãСɾ꣬ͬǻ¥ȥȢΣ
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ΧѾΧ˲ٺµĿͣƺ͵ſ⼸¥Ůǿק¥ȥˡ
ǵԸȰʲôεĻͬȥǮεĻҲǮˡ

ǰŮ΢΢һ㶣ϷŪǰôεСɾû뵽Ǳס
־ɲСŮӳʹһ㽿СɾôūҶˡ
ɫذһڿик֢֮
Ůӱֻ͵ģĿҲ£ϵСɾ㣬֪ҽик֢֮ģ
΢΢üǸк֢֮ˮ֢֮룬㱣ż֮֫״ʳ֮ζԼҹѡ
ŮĻϵЦݽɫ΢䣬СɾΪӮǮǻ˵˵
˵꣬ͼԼջ
ȴס󣬲ߣĵûк˵˵ԼúܣΪһܲ˵ɣⲡɲСһԡΣͿĨٶۣ֬ҲڸǲǹȳζͲ֪Ϊʲô
ŮӴʧɫ͵ӹҽ˵ûһ仰ǶԵģȻѧ˼̯
ĩˣŤͷ༸ŮӺǣһ̯Ӹˣӹҽ˺˵˵
Ůһ⻰ﲻ״ͷĻȫҪˡ
ɫҲûֹСͯ˺üƵӣЦЦôżʲôһû˵ءⲡҪٲΣ£ޱ
㡢˵ʲô
ŮɫʱһƬɷףԲ۾ضᣬƺ޲Ҫһ
ĵشԼȣأѾ㿴ˣŲ㣬ǮҲ¡˻޺ã˰Ҫˣɾֻܵˡ
ֻܵ
ӣŮľΧôˣӻ¥ĶͣҪǵڰвϢȥˣ㲡ûҪ¥趼ȥ
ŮӺˣæЦǰȥס䣺СɾĪЦū㻹ЩūңūҺ˼кҩΣֻҪܰūκˣҪǮūҶ㣡
΢΢üɫɽ
׼˵ǮʱȻȺģ⿡εӣƦƦ˵ʲô˼ಡ


327 

ಡҲ̫˰ɣ
ҿˣ⼸Ů¥ģ
ҿһ㣬ЩŮ˴Ⱦಡ
һ仰ǧˡ
վǰŮɫޱȣû뵽ԼϷ˵ĻԼһɧ
ĽǼ״Ⱥ߳Ҷƴå
⻰˵ġʵڲ˼λҸպҲǴ򡣰λСֵܵϽǵĺýãɲǺಡ𣿶һأ㲻ǶѾȾŶ~
ҶΪϴǻ¥˴¥ĹرĲˬ
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˭ǣ㶼һɢһ·
һŮ˾ͲӰ
ҶشյĸǰٺһЦСֵܣʲô𣿲Ȼʲô̯
ǰҲǺ棬ûôļһ
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Ҷƴ󷽷ĻӦţһ֪ˬˡ
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ҶҲֱҽܣ㶼ڡ
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ûסЦǧһˣûǵݼ˳ǣ˵ҶֲԷƱܱһŻжۡҶֲţǾͱΣ
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ЦеҪֻҪǮһǿץҩ
Ǯ
ˣǮɾ͵ڲǮˡ
ЩҪռθɤߺһǻ粻ҪǮأ˵ˣʲôҪǵǮ
ҲգЦеǮΪ˷ֹλ޼˹֡
⻰һ䣬ҶЦ˵Ķԣ
λҪĿҪЩоǣȰѶźá
СͯС㿴Щ˭ҪǲŶӣңҲ
֪ˣ
СͯһģҲǰΧ۵˶ȡˡ
ҶƺһȽϣСͯԵ˵һ㡣
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߽һǾ͸ȷˡ
ܲȥˣãʲôֱһղϷߣȥͶȥ
īطݰȹȥôһ¡
ԶԶؾҶƺ˿ҽǻУƽʲô˿ӦԵɡ
īطݴŷ˹ȥܿͿҶԱλǵĿСɾ


328 

ڸһ
źȻе㲻Ծڤڤ֮ƺоһϤϢڳԼ
ŵСӣûиойڳ߹
СתȦϲоˣϢٷ֮ʮͬడ
ʲôͬࣿ
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ľȻɾɲС
֮ǰ˵ѽȻϡûСһɾͬһ顣
˳ǣܳɾҲܿóԷʲô𣿡
Сӵ㶼ˣôܿó
᣺
ȻʲôƨʹߣƭɵƵ

𽥿Ⱥʱ򣬷Ȼͣ˽Ųšüͷᡣ
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һ˵ҺŵһϤζ⸽
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СʵҲ˵Ĵ𣿵Ҫģ岻ˣֻͶ̥˰Щɾ֣Щ츳ܣģǱˣӵеģھҲ
ﲻ֪Щ
ľȻˣ÷Լȥ
СѾͷȷʵò
ѾǸˡ


329 

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ž͵£
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һԵСͯ˷ĻЩżˣæǰס䣺ǻҪ̯Ǯأ˵õģҪȥø
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Сͯ򴽣˿ˣջû˵ˡ
СͯĻҲɻ᣺ᣬô£ղ˵ʲôˣ
Сã˻ǽѾͷûǮҰæŪ
̾һҲΣҲûʲôǮֻóˡ
˵ţŷգգۣʾ㶮ģ
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ִʱǴôɹƭǮҵģ
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š
СѾصͷ
ûʲôīطݵݸ磬īСȥ˰ɣ
īطȻܲˬͬô׽ϾͷҲֱӷ̣̾Ӧá
ᣬЦǺǵ¿Ը˰ɣ
ЦЦͷǳû뵽ǵСҲǸСˡ
յ͵͵˵ȻûǮ磬϶㣡
΢΢üȻˣ
Խ˵Խģ鲻Խؾϰߵ§ĸ첲
īطݼ״ˣվں
ܿϧ˵ø𾢣û⵽Ŀ
ҶƱȽֱֱӾͰѷֿˣҶԷѵѾͷˣ֪Ůܲ𣿾λֵѣҲڴô§§㿴Χ˫۾ǿأ
رԵ˫۾춢ˡ
ҶƲϹīطݳԴ׵̫ˣҲֻзԼоѡ
Ҫʲôһװ磬ˣæɿ§첲֣εЦʦǰǾ;ô׽
ʲôģʦʦôûûС㿴ҽҽ𣿡
Ҷһѵŷ
ҲԼ֮һֱװʾˡ
ΪĹϵαװȽʵΪ֮ϣûô쿴αװ
Ĺأһδ޵Сô§һˡȷʵͳ
ǺбҪһỻŮװˡ
Ҳʶһ㣬ԿĿмֿζ
ʧЦֻð˵ҶֵˡȻǰʦҲϲԾӡ⣬һ常常̫ˣҸˣͦȤԷҪҰᣬҲδкβס
ĽͣȻǷͷʾͬˡ
Ȼīطȴˡ
ΪѹͲ֪ʲôʱῪʼӴġ
ޱȵʦôǰǸģģ
īطݵ鼫临ӣΪԵʣҲóȻȥѯᡣ
ֻܱĬĬڼ˵š
ȵ˿ջīߴСá
Ȼؿŷ˷䡣
īطԭҪģȴð˸Դ͵ݸ磬ͬʦ˵仰ȻͬŶ
īطݿŮգѽգƯ۾ʱоԼǱС¹͵͵һ£飬ʲôһΣ˵ͷţá
īطݵͷˣЦüɫ裬ŸˣȲ˵
վſڵīطݣšü̲סҪԼһ٣ǣվſεš


330 

ôû
ԼҪ˵Ļû춼˵ꡣ
ȣͶװʾ˲⣬ҲϡٵģάԼαװѵ۵𣿡
ҲỹеģûԼҲ˳ˣźһ۽ϳ
ַ⽨ᣬȻװ¸ΪһЩΪЩôﵽܣӰӣ
˵ţӣס˷°ͣС̧ϸϸش˼㣬СģɸϱӲе󡣡
в𣿡
⻰æȥվˣǿžӣʵ벻Լϱǳʲôģˡ
ˡ
̾һεӡ
Ŀռ仹ڰɣ
ڣ
ͷ
Ӷûᣬһ£ڴҽȥ
úúã
˵Ͱק˿ռˡ
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⡭ôô󣿡
Ҳ֪ͺЩһֱڱҳҲڳųţôˡ
ԣٴ̲סĽʺޡ
츳ܣĽҲò
ҲΪռ䣬ߵĶ޲ðѷ˨ϡ
û뵽ֻôһ˿ͰСѾͷŪˡ
ᵱʱͰѺ˷˸һ߽ɥʬˣ˱һȺɥʬһطʬ㲻ޡ
֮ǲŶһ˵뿪Ⱥˡ
ȻƮɢ꣬ʩչ˸û𸴻ȴʹߡ
ڲСӣС˵԰𣬵øС¡
ּۻã˽
СӰѡͶ̥С磬ֻʮʱȥʮһͱ뿪
Щᶼǲ߷ġ
ᣬôվﰡ㿴ȫĶҶúúõģûжǣ
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ѾȲҪԼļˡ
Ȼĳ͵͵Сһ򿪣ȫƬ
ǷЩ꣬ż͵͵ģ
һֱڿռҲû˵Ҫõֽ࣬ܿҪˡ
Ҳʣôʮţ𲻴á
ῴЩƬɵЦС飡㿴ú棬׺Уûֽȴ͵͵˼ֽڷҶĴǸǳɫӣȥҿ
ŰɣȻȥˡ
ȥںһҵ˵ֽʱ˷ܵòУа
ЦȻһƭ㲻ɡ
ҲŲƭңôȥˣ̫á
᣺ѾͷԽԽûûС
ֽҲûֽˣú˼ġ
ڿǵƬЦ㵹ǻͶ̥ǶòҲͦ˧ģ񡣡
һ£Ҷ㡣
᣺⡢⻹ȫ
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˵ǴƬˣʵ棬㶼ĺᣬûжŮ
ûʲôģܶ˵һۿҶ㶼ֵܡҶϰˡŶԣҶ㶼ϰˡ
ŪãܿͰѼ˸Ƭóˡ
͵ݸῴЦ㿴ãһźˣ
ԣ΢΢һ㶣ƬװԼԼЦ绨ʮŮɵۿЩᡣ
ѷɽϴŶãĩֶãСѾͷȷʵûһĺա
ˣ΢΢ЦһŮװٶļš
ѽѽ
һҪȥŮװϡ
˵ʱ򣬵û˵ڡ
ͷиģΣʳѾضþˣΪ
ҪٰװҲúͷ׽ᣬŮװ
Ѿҵ˷𣬽ӣֻҪֱʮ֮ڽͺˡ
ԺĳСӵ֪뷨ͷʾͬװͿˣȻҪŮװϴϴ۾С
᣺Ǻǣ˼ǣҵװͲˣ
Сӣ
Īеһɱô£


331 ȹŮ

𻶻ϲϲسȥŮװȥˡ
߸ȽϽӽǶɴŮװģóȥ׻
߳ʱ򣬾ͿҰݸľͷһվſڡ
ݸ磬ôˣ
ɻؿ
īطæԼϢûʲôмʦҪͬ˵һ˵
°аպҪȥ·ݸһȥ£Ǳ߱˵
š
˺ܿ¥߳˿ջ
ݸ磬ʦʲô飿˵¡
һ·Ҳīطݿڣߴٵ
īط΢΢üǰطС˾˴Ϣ˵ѾƶȷʵǸԸŮˣµġѾ˵ˣƶΨܽ⡣
᣿
գգ۾ʦ᣿
īطݵ˵ͷұīŻȥᣬ˻ǡ
˵ԼͳֵĿġ
ϾԼʦǰٷְεġ
㻳ʦǸйϵȵȡôʦĻ񣿲ԡֹƶĻʹݸ磬ǲʲôˣ
÷ı㣬Ű
λʦ뵱ʥϣҲҵĻ壬ġ

£е㷢£˵ʦͻʶģǸǻϰŵҽ㸮ϵģҽ˹ƶ󣬺ع˵ֻʦܽƶǲǹ˵ƶʦﺦҴ㣬ĿľΪʦΪʲôҪʦйϵ
īط΢΢üĿǰûн˵Ŀʦ
һࣺϵȷʵе㸴ӣǾֻܵȻؾʱǸʲôĵˣ
š
īطݵ˵ͷͼһͣ
Ҫ·
ǰ·ˡݸ磬˵ȥð㿴Ϳˣ
ԡ
īطͷ˰ģ͵ġ
ϾûͣҲߴôãһһֱ
²ͬ
ķ⿪ģΪⱲӶټᣬϱΨһˡȻִīط֪ԼҴϵĹƶΡɲ׵˫ϲ
һˣѣԼīطݶѡһס
Լĺȹ;Լһ߶ȡ
ٿѴͷ߳īطݣ۾ˣݸ磬·ʺ㣡
ɫ۴ϣ䣬ɡ
ܱôǵͱԵòҪҪġ
Ȼ̲סҰݸѡ˺üѣīطݼԼôĵӣĵҲůģֱӷһԪƹǰ𣿡
ƹʱͱŵˣϾС꣬һμ־ôԪĹͣͷ˹ˣѡЩϵȵĳвϣӺ͹ﻹҪƣҲܰնλ¡
īطݱ÷ſĵģϷǶõƹĻ͸˷ˣܶƳ£̫ˣţͷŪЩͼֽɣ
úúáﾡǲ
ƹһڴӦЦеؿŷ̬ӵĹֺˡ
īطΣûƾ콫ѶʰãȻ͵ջǱȥ
ϾǴͻƹȻᵡīطݺͷûţĻƾѾȴ͵˿ջǴȥ
ϵȹӣīطݵҰ߻Ƕõģ߻ð洫Ͷңһϲͨ
ټֲУҲͼԵڶûѡ
ڲˣΪˣ
ửɺˣַӾܰĶ
īطݾһţüɫ裬ੲݵ˵š
ǱֵȾˣ˼άе㱻ƫˡ
Ī뵽˷𲻻Ů죬޵ĻҪô£
طĴͳŮӳ޵ļ»ԼַƵģ𲻻ŮĻ¡
īطôţĪеȡ
ǰ棬һװŮоԼɵüӿ˼֣ɫĵҲԽڴҪСǺǵģ
ôһ룬ŲŻ
߳ȥһ·īط˵ʲôŤͷһȴھԼԶλɵվš
ݸ磬ôˣ
Ұݸ緢Ĵˡ


332 Ů

û¡
īطݻ񣬼ӿŲߵ˷ĸǰ
ɻؿû£ݸǲǻڻʦ
Ҳ㡣
īطݳʦء
аɡ
룬ᵹʲôװϲʲôߴˡ
īطݵݸ磬ûôӴᣬദˣͻᷢʵҲûأûʲôģҾԲʲôۣ
ʲôˡ
г𱨳ԹԹҪҲѡֶΣŲڱ˸ʲô¹ƶֱֶΡ
ţ㡣
īطݵһЦ
ʦʮΣԼජһһˡ
Ȼīطû뵽鷢ˡ
ȥʱ򣬾ƹóѵ͹õ¥ϣˡ
ó¥Է
ҶڿͷŮװᣬŵֱӴӵϷȥ
⡢⡭ֵܣʲôŮӵģ˵ģԼˣ
Ҷ𾪲ѡ
ͬԾĻīطݣ˿ᣬŤͷ˿𣬵ȴĴ𰸡
ҲǵһδŴŮװе㲻Ӧãܽܡ
һƨº󣬾͸Լ˱ˮ˵װʾˣʲôĶȽϷ㡣ҵˣȻûҪװȥ
ʲôֵܡ˵Ůӣ
ô𣿡
ЦЦؿҶơ
ҶһȣĿİͰ͵񡭡ȴû뵽ҪΪӰķΪǰãȴǰıˡΪʲôֵá
Ǳˣٰ
Цظ֤ʶô꣬һֱŮģǰŲŰɣ
Ҷơīطݣ
ӵĻīطݡ
ᴩŮװԼŮ֮ǰһֱỳе⣬ֵ󲿷ΪӣҸȽ׽ʦͽݣϵǳ
ٿӵ÷
˰Ը⺰ݸ֮⣬ƺûʲôĵط
īطݳΣС
񣬾ΪŮˣΣȻڣǰôǿˡ
ȻīطݿĿ⣬Ҳ˼ֵ⣬Ⲣˣлˡ
Ͼ֮Ĺϵ岻š
оҲīطݿԼĿⲻǰˡ
ԷַӾīطݶСѾͷʲô˼
ЦЦԷҲһԷˣҲͬҽһλС˰ɣ
ôһ˵ôöûˣվߵīط󣬰ļݸҵĺѣ
ŶŶѰ
ζؿīطݣԷҪǲ˵ҵΪλСֳˡ
īطɫ΢΢һ䡣
æ˵ȻݸûѪԵϵҵĿУݸ͸ֳһҵļˣ
īطݣ
Ȼ⻰ǲģܾûǺܲ
һ㶼ֳ
ķ
īط򴽣û˵һ仰ĬĬԼһˮǳһڡ
λҶƣҲʶˣҲҵѡҶȥˣŴȥɢɢˣԲǻٽܸ㰡
˵ţæż˿ʼԷ
ȰѶ¡
īطݳ˼ڣͱ߽ŵʳˣֲõŰ˵Щʲôֻ˵ˣϯ
Ҷһߴߴģͼ̽һЩҽѧϵ⡣
ȴҪҸʱ䣬úʷ
ȻûῪʼʲô͹ԹԵذʲôˣīطݺͼǶ֪пռ顣
ĵӵ治СôҪĶ˵ǰĶˡ
֮Ĳޣ׽Ҳһ
Ұﰡнǣݸ磬ȫҵˣ
ҵˣεˣѲɻẦҲɣ
üõѾͷôԽԽСˣһû˵ʲôأȷˡ
Ʋ죺ûȷˣʵǣǶˣҶ£
㲻¾Ͳ°ɣ˵ˣ¼ҹ˲һ
˵ţذ̾һҲˣҲԼ뷨ȷʵӦùԼġȻϱһ
СѾͷԼĸǰ
Ӽڵһ顣
Ỻ̧֣෽ԴؿǰԼˣܾð˩ڿϾͲõʲôˣǺ㡣Ҳȷѡ񡣡
ֻҪܿŷ𳤴طĵȥȥﶼܹˡ


333 ҵ

̾ӣգգ۾˵ûеġҲ㺦ҡᣬû㣬ڿܻɽϡҲԡǸ綼ĩˣɽϣҳҲᱻ˷֣ʱͲôˡ
һֱȪ£ᣬͲôྫʵľ
һ㶼Ầʲôģ෴ʮᣡ
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ͷҲԼ㡣
ʵĿУ𲻽һʱջСͽô򵥡
ݽߵܹôһߣ˲ٵɫʡ
ǰ࣬˼һʱ䡣
ᱧŷҲϣúõġ
ҲߣҲֵܿȥ
Щ˸Уæƿᣬô°ö˶˵ǾͲ˵ЩرɿĻˣúҪһǶһˣȻҲһģҺòãȻҲܿüģ
ʧЦСӵ˵
һҴȥҵļǣҲ㵱һԴģ
áҺڴ
΢΢üĿЦ⡣

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ͷ褷򸾻󣬷Ȳشȥˡ
ĵһۣ⾪һ£æ˹ּ񣬡ʦ
ǰ˵ʦͨĿռͺöЩϡȫǰʦġ
ݣȷʵɣ͸һظС
ͬΪŮӣͨʣ˵ĸоһ㡣
褺ӭZҲͬ뷨ᶼ˼־η
ᵹ⣬ţֱЦǰʦûƲʦǰļˣҴԼǺһֵģ̱á
˽нģ־Ī˰һأá
ϾȥʱҲŰְš
ͷ褷û뵽ôƽ׽ˣҲһ̡
Ϳʼʹ͵ݸС˾ˣҲī崫Ϣ˵ץǸˣǰǸڱߵˣԱºī˵ĹƳ棬ֻʦܽ⡣
̣ͬǺιϵ
Ȼպһ棬ΪĹϵȻᵱˣֱ˳
룬ֵͦġ
ݸ绹˵֮ǰڱ߼㣡ǲʶ£
£˵
΢΢üǵʥϵ䡣
ԣŶһյ˵ʶʶ֮ǰһֱڱ߽ʲôԵ׻𣿺񻹲߻ıţһæҪȥʲôˣҲԼ顣ֵˡ
ˣỹеӡġ
Ŀľҵ𣬶·;ϵˣδϡ
֮԰ΣҲżȻ˳ֵĶѡ
˵⻰⣬ȴ΢΢ɫ΢΢˳ǣ뵽ī֮ǰǰ˵İԡ
ٿһŮװģɻҲ̲סʵ̣ǰӴ߽
һ裬˵ͷǰôˣװűȽϷ㣬ҲΪ̫鷳װ磬סҲǲеġ
Ҳǲ÷סԼݣֻǾûҪ
ϾΪҷñ˵һ˶ϲզ
ҷͶ̥ˣһͬ⣬Ҳƾϳˡ
˵⣬ᶼЩգ˵㲻˵ҵˡǸģҺ·ģΪͰ˸ȥˡСѾͷȻ
𡢷褷򸾣
˵βΣǴװѣֲӣôܽһŮӵʾȻҾͺܸжؾܾܾ֮Ҿûǰˡ˵ٵĵط
˵ţ̧ͷһ۷üˣզˣǲҵĻ
ǲţǺȻãҲջˮһö
̾ϢǲǶޣԾݺ㣿
򴽣룬Ҳûֿܡһȸɡҵóеĵʲôƶ
˵ţȥ
ĶӺܴܳˣΪīطҩ裬ѹסڵĹƳ棬ԲûܹƳҵʹ࣬ʱɫҲԡ
˿Ķӣһɵʲô⣬һСܽˡˡС̥λû취˳ãҰʸȻ˳ӹԱߵĳӸ


334 ׵

Ǻ
褷޶ǲؿᡣ
ῴ
æ͵ǿеˣýĸʿȻ󽫱ȡ
ʲô
ӭZʱʧɫôⲻıɱ𣿡

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⡭ⶼЩʲôҸʵ̫ˣҲô褶
ӭZɫѿرס˷褡
һԱż͵ķֿ˿һŲ裬еᡣ
뵽Щټأһġ
ҰҲôЦ
˼Ƭ̣ͬһȰӭZ侲ú˵ġ
ȻᣬϾְҲȽ˳ڣͬʱᵱʮǰš
ЦսԼ๫֣˵֪㵣ңаͰ𣬰ȻҵЦҲһˣҵ̵
⻰Ǿ÷ҲӭZĵǣЦҷĺˣ˵û㹻ӣʲôģ˵ֻǼҳ㷹˵ˣֵĺӣǴģûҲǧˡ
Ե㹻ߵѧҽ츳ѧҽҩ߹ʱ䳤ӣִ󣬾ҽҽƺһŨȤٻ˶ʮʱ䣬ѧϰҽ˸򣬳ΪҵĴڡ
ȻûзߵĻҲ˵Ļ
Ϊĩǰ㵽һƶװڷĿռأ
Ȼʮû߽ˣⲢͰԼѧĶǹˡ
οֻʸС
ӹԱߵĳҲ̽ˣΪΪȷҪЩԶֶ˽Ȼܸ֡˵ǳժҲժ¸Сô򵥶ѡ
֮Ծӿ£ҲΪ˽⡣
ǰӦýȥҵĿռģҿռһԼʮƽôĽϻӣʵǸңרõģǰĶ
һ˵ӭZ
ӭZüͷšúܽǷ褸ոհˣǾòġ
ᵭҪǲģҲԸһҡ֣Աӡͬ˵ĿǰǱҩѹŲûٵȥӹסˡӱҲ̥λû취˳ٲпһʬ
ҿɰûŻ˼
˵꣬һڲ裬ࡣ
ӭZҲɫڳӵָ˼֡
ҪǲģҲһͬǽȥ
ǲ̫УֻһˣϾҲʮƽףƨĵطװôˣ˶˻ҷӣ
رûˣ鷳
ɾͲһˡ
֮ǰȲҪҾ˵ʱ򣬶СһԸֵġ
ƽѧҽǶ飬ȴ൱سɫҲϵ÷ǳ
๫
ӭZĸ첲Լʵĸ˵ǰ㣬ȥҰɡڣҲӰЩ
ӭZûٷԣ˵ͷã㡣
ǱȽϴͳˣȻ˷ĲͨҲᲢǳˣڴδĶɱžͻɡ
Ⲣܹ˶ͬô˸Լӿƶǣ̫ˣ
ˣԷ֡
𿪿ĵܵĸǰôˣ
Ⱥҽȥһң׼ҪĶҲϤһ̣Ȼݹߵʱݴˡ
ã
Сһͷţο˵ǰٷְٵġ
˵󣬲ֶԷ褷޵һҪһʱ׼ʱͶˡǰҪʲô׼ȻһðǡҲܷſģⲢʲôֵ£Ҳֻкúûŵķݡ
褸мһж鷳ˡ
˰֣÷Լ˿ռ䡣
뿪
˿褺ӭZǾȺúЪţ̫ˣҪŰ𡣡
ǿǵãζ˺ǵġ


335 

˿ռ󣬾ƶҸǰ
ŰϻԿףȴûнȥ
ΪĶڿռҽ豸ȥġ
һˣҶ豸豸㻵ˣһ١
ſڣͳֺЦ㿴ұÿɺˣûκ˽ȷ˵ԼûͷһģҲȫ㵱ҷŽŵҽƷ
ռԵģǶ꣬Щҽ豸ҽƷֻҪᱣһոµ״̬ڱʹܰɣʱ䣬ı䡣
ῴһ۷ͷӣƿ߽
ȥ󣬱㿴İһܶǰһ뿪ռģһӣմȾҳĳЩ豸ҲУ˵ƶҵ̫ܷҲûа⡣
ʮ⣬ѾеˣȲҪʼˡ
֮ǰ÷ϰһֵĸо
ûǣɲ𻹼ǵã
ΪµǸԼģҲ˵ϰҲԹԵ
ֻǵʱ̫ʱˣЩڷϵĹߣҲȫǹˡ
ֻεһһܡ
ֹѪǯҪġֱǯ׷ֱ棬֯г
ŶŶ
ͷһ߿ᣬһ濴ŰڷĹߣԽԽ±ƣ˵һػˣӶ˯ͬʱҲͷ۲ѡ
ۣˣᣬȫǲסô죿
Լðˡ
Ƿ룬˺ö֣ڷһһȫǲͬרҵơ
е˵һȫסûôס
Ҳļѣεô꣬ǵûԽԽˡ
Ʋ죬ЩίĻʱأôһ˵ۻңһȫסԼһ־кö࡭ҾҲѾˣǶʡһɴȰҪõĶóڷȻٰһһס£
ʧЦҲȷʵΪˡ
ȰҪõĹȫ˳֮󰤸÷ס
Ϊ࣬ټ˵һԼ̣ӣǺܿͼסˡ
ֽ֮βҽ豸
˼ʱ뿪
ֶ˷ǰ׼˯ǰܽʳ
⿴ԼҴһۣ˵ҽɲǿЦģܶҲܸԶˮҲܺŶĻ׵;**޷Ĵ󣡡
¹ӵӭZӦ֪ġ
ŵ˵ͷͬһ뿪˷䡣
褿ӭZ˵ңձܵһۿǵĺˡ
ӭZķţҲҪúÿ㡣

ҪԼķ䣬Ȼ뵽ʲô飬˷һˣǰ˵ǰݸѧҵĵҩ伮Ȼõҩ伮䷽ҩĶ԰ɣ
ǰᣬʲô𣿡
⵹Ǵ⣬ȴû뵽һһⷽв츳С
ݸܴģ
Ļ̲סīطݿ˲ʺƨģʽ
ҩ伮ҵӦĸҩģһԼƶҩͽҩòУ
ôīطݣǶԴ׵СеˣЦУ˵ģҵ飬ѧҵĶô˵ҲҰˣҾһˮɡ
ѽ
˼ˣؿ᣺ᣬ̫ˣݸҪܰΪʦ̽϶ܼ̳²
΢΢üǵδءɱˣһ˼ͷֻ˼ͷҪûôôܰҵ²̳йȥҲø˵̫磬ҿû˵ʽͽܡֻѧҵĶǿҰͽܰˣӦġ
ʵҪԭǣС̫ء
ⴿҸᣬīط
ţ֪ģ
û뵽ĿģֻǾ˵ĺе
ǰҰݸ˵ˣҩ伮׶ѧϰĻ϶Ҫʦġ
īطԼ׼
;úܿģīط̵ܹѧϰҽĻ϶ģ
ĺ𿴿ռҾôһ󣬵ȸСȫټ˲ĶƾЩԴīطݵʣֻҪúѧ϶ǰ;


336 ʸ

ֿ󣬾ƨƨߵȥīطˡ
ݸ磬֪찢ҪҴ㶯ˡҸ̥λټֻƳ棬Բòʸ
īطԣҲǾһ£ʸ򡭡ͬ⣿
ôͬ⣿صĴ£Ҫǲͬ⣬ȥǻһʬģοݸ㲻Ҳ˵ҩԽԽˣеѹƲסƳˡõķӣ֣ⷽûģ
īطݼ˵ʱγݵģɵѹĵ׵˵ǺܺáϾʦ϶ʲôġ
ǲǱ𣿣ˣݸ磬ѧҩ伮ԣҪʱᾴһġôҲǰݸİʦˣ
īط΢΢һ飬ǳǳһЦȷʵӦġ
Ц˵ݸ϶Ҳ֪ʲôģմʱҰѹ¼ʱø㿴
ģһϰ߾ǰÿһε¼ȻҲһġ
á
īطݵ˵ͷ
ҾȻȥϢݸҲЩϢպҶһͬǵĺϢ
š
˵껰뿪īطݵķ䡣
īطݷŵҽеĲɵ̫Ѩ
ī˽һʵӣʵ
īط΢΢üҡҡͷʾʵȥˣɴʲô飿
ȻЩۣīƺ󣬺ܿͰ˴ˡСͯãҲڿջﰲ
š
ڹڰʦ£ûСͯЩʲô˵ʦҲǰǴġ
ˣٺΪֹûʲô֮
ƽɶģϵòС
ҪᴩŮװīҲţôã󣬻һԣ㲻뿪ӣȻᡭ
Ƕ֪ŮӰɣ
뵽⣬īֺ뵽ʲôĶīطݵӣᣬݵ飬費ҪѶϢӣ
īطݳҪŮ飬ûҪᡣ
֮ǰʲôΪʲôûȥܡ
Щ飬ΪһҲʺȥ֡
ס
īĵ׻һź
ܾûһϷ

β飬Ҷ֪ġ
嵽ҪôΣȴҶƵĺģαʾһԹۿѧϰ
󶼱ͷľܾˡ
ǵܾīطݽī⽫Ҷ
īطڷ
ᡢԼӭZ˿ռ䡣
ͦŸӣѾʮֲ߶ˣһռ䣬Ͱ·ƶƴϣһϵеʩ˲ʽ׼
褴˾ֲֲҲΪĹƳʲô״
ӭZ̨Աߣŷ褵֣оô
һԵԣֻǾֲһֱʲôоˡ
ӭZĻʥּһ㣬Ͽִš
褵һ̨ϣһ̧ͷӰ䣬һ۾ջĿˣһֱԼ๫
ӭZоôûﲻ
˵ûʲô
䣬ѽһӭZ״ŵòУæʣôˣ
΢΢üоԼϵƤⱻӻˡһ㶼ۣ档
ӭZԣæ̧ͷȥ̨Ҫ
ȴǳһ䣺𿴣㿴һ۾Ҫιȥã

ӭZ˵ԼҲϹսѪˣǸСڱŵ
ȴԼȫ亹ʵȷʵĽŵòС
±Ŀǻ
ѾһˣССһͰ͵ģҲ޲֡
һֽȻǼòУҲСѱӹ󣬺ܿʹһУĲסٵطһ׼õС
Ȼһ£ӤĿ
ӭZͷһӾͱע
رǷ褣е㼤๫ǵĺ𣿡
Ϊʸ˳ȫͬ飬ټȷʵǺܽţԷֻоԼĶӱʲô˳ȴû뵽Լĺӣŷӳ
ӭZھͿ˷СϷŵСӤʱҲòУǣ褶ǵĺˣ
ſֵЦһѾڶ˳͵˷ĸǰǵĵڶҲǸкӡ
ףôأ
Ŷȵȣ


337 

ء
սڶŽС֮󣬵һ۵Ŀ޳ˣûһС϶Ҳ޵ø
ӭZͷĿ˵òˡ
ΪǾֲģһˣȥӡ
𶯣
һȣ𣿡
ݺݵص˷һۡ
ͲҶˣĶӻأ
ȻûаʹУֱӸƤĸоʵġ
ӭZҲæս˵𼱣ǵٿӡ϶Сӣ
󣬾ͼææܻص̨ˣǡþӭZ˵ǷЦǰ㲻õģǺأ
ŰַŻض
һ÷ݹߣҶ⣿
ûûûˣ
æϸֲʺƨҲֻаڣ˳˳صû㣬ǿɲУ
ǲǱ𣿡
ʺƨ⣬ϵĶȻҲɵؽţӹ֮󣬾ҪԱߵĳˣ׼һԡ
ã
ΪѾƽ£Ҳ΢һЩվһԿϺ󣬿ʼӡ
ǰݸҩӵڶ״ֻ̬ıڼȡĸӪ
ῴ˸ӹϵӣͨѩףȴСĴָôֳͷСǣצӽץӹڣһҲССĽڽȴţʾ
ֻСӵȫ֪ԼѾ˶ſˡ
ӿе졭
˴СӣڼţϰҲûСӡ
Ҳ쳤˲ӿӣѽһôôϱǺȲϱѩһ㣬ȻеɰôҲжĶ
ῴһۣҶ̹ٴˣҪñжϣֻǿ޺ѡһǷַҪ
ӭZһ⻰Ȼûǳӳʲôӵģͷ֪˸ţææа취콫ժȡ𣿡
΢΢üɫЩࣺþƾ԰ɡ
֮ǰоƾԴ󲿷ֵĹƳҲЩģǡ
ɶ
ż׷ʣ˵Ͻһ˵갡
ĵûʲôֻӲһþƾܶԸ㿴ʮֻСצûУ
𿴹ȥ˵ͷˣôˣ
뷨ɿõƾ޹

Ķ졣
ӹƾ֮󣬱ֻСʳӵϡ
ϣСʳܵʲô̼һʼܾƾޡ
ƾ޵СצҲһӴӹɿˡ
Ч
𾪺
Ҳֻһ˲䣬ֻСʳӺͷӦǾƾû̫˺Եžƾ޵ʱزˣɿצ¿˻ȥ
𣺡
Сôô
ʱû̫⣬ƾòǺܴ󡣡
ͲֱӽŪ𣿡
Щ޿ˣСֱˡ
ȻУ
һ˵ЩƳ棬õİ취ˣצҲϣܻᵼ¸ĺָƳˣҸղŸ˵ˣ޺ʵڳ˶Һ
ΪҲȷֻӵʲô͵ĹƳ棬İ취УŪ㲻Ҳ군ˡ
⻰һݣô죿
ⲻǲУӹȻѽ
ʵ̫ɶˣȥһҪҲڳӵζ
ԽԽ
룬ȥȪˮ
ܿͰԼϴŵһȪˮóˡ
޻մȪˮ˲Сʳӵ塣
һΣֻʳӵķӦ֮ǰƾʱΪңֱɿץӹڵץţȥץסմȪˮ޻
ã
˵òУᣬøȪˮ
Сʳȷʵڰ޻һСצӶɿˣҲɵóԾ
СʳҲͦʶġ
ڷĴߴ£ֶ˼մȪˮ޻򣬲һֻСʳıȫ˳
ܿͽŽ׼õĲ
ȻͿֻСʳӱż޻ͣؿںȪˮһ
𶼾ˣǰҸιȪˮʱûôҵķӦ
᣺ֻ֪Ϊʲôḽӹˡ
𣺡ţ
᣺ΪιȪˮתӪӹ̥աֻӾѰλܹȡӪġµûĻ֮ԻۣҲΪӿӹʱͷų΢ءˣȷϣϺоֻʲôƳ档
ͷã


338 ˪ɳ

ӭZͷͷĶԻһͷˮġ
ܿ죬˿ھͷϺˡ
ҩЧȥҪһʱ䣬ܻۣ֮ʸĻ˳ʱĻҲһкܶҪرעĵط
ӭZмͬ˵
á
̣ǡ⣿
ǰλ˵Ļżѯʵ
ῴһޣ˵Ŀǰûʲô⣬ֻûжʲôõӰ죬ýһϸļ顣
Ǿ鷳ˡӭZл
Ҳʰ֮ͺͷһ˱һһͬص˷
ڷҩЧûȥƶʱоʹŵϺ󣬾ȲҪ̽ȥӣæֱǳһ
ֻʱо۶ѣȥܵģҿɲٸһΣ
ֹˣڴϣӭZޱ
÷ȥϲ
褽վҪ鲢ûиҶ֪ټ˲֮ڻˣ㻹ڴ˯˺ü˶ûѣͲٹˡ
ݸ磡
Цؽš
īطݿôģ֪кˣЦʣĸƽ
ԣ̫ƽˣƽҪĹƳҲȡˣ
ҵ¼Ҳóīطݿˡ
ϸؽᶯʱЩʲôߡ
ݸ磬ͬˣһЩ鼮ù㿴ô϶ѧģ
á
īطݿ¼ȷʵֱڲϿȡʮ
ȷѵõĻҽѧ鼮֮󣬸ǰ֡ʳؿôһǺü졭
ֱӷ褶ȡСʳӸоˣóͬһ˵īطݲŴ麣뼸˵Ļ顣
⡢ǰӣȹƣ
ǣȹơ
ҡһ²װŵСʳӡ
⼸գ÷ι˲ٵȪˮ弸ʹһȦ̰࣬Թˣ󣬷ŶƤȪˮ
Ҷƿȥʱ򣬾һֻͨѩ׵СʳӷŶƤƯˮϡ
𣿡
û
Ʋôô
ЦЦ˵ԣ˪ɳ棬һĹƳ档˵ȹƣ֮һȹҪģȫ¶亱ı

˪ɳ棿ҡû˵
ӵҺжԣÿձһεĻﵽһʱ䣬Կ壬˵İٶ֣
ˣͨҲԶΪʳģȷ˹ƶҧϼڣڵĹƶͻᱻɢĶԸճٱ˪ɳԵ
Ҷ⻰Ѿ𾪵˵ˣҴֻҩˣԼǴʱͿʼֶﶾҩҽݸҩͶﳤɵģвһ棬ȴû뵽ϻôĳӣô򵥾˱ɰٶ壡
̣Ҫ԰ɣ˪ɳҧҼ죬ܱܲɰٶ֣
ҶƵﾡǿȡ
һۣѾóˣȻƶЧģʵʲôҿСӾڿٶ֣
ҶһӾǺˣΪԼԱҴе
ҡҲֻһʱѡ
ᶼôԷҲӼˡ⼸£˪ɳȻڿʼʱйΪΪҩѹƣǶԶԺӲûв̫Ӱ죬һ˵Ҳﲻ̶ֳȡȻͬҲﲻٶֵĳ̶ȡͬĻǿڸٶ֣ϾӤСøʱ򡣡
һȥǵģ
š
˵ͷ׼ͼҶ۰Ͱ͵ضſһĽʺ޵ģ
΢΢üҪҲǲԡ
Ҷһ£ſԣ
򵥰Ǯ£һǧͰһΡ

ҶһǧֵʱӾ͸鳺ݺһ£ʶؿվīطԵķ𣬿ɥ˵ʦͽܰƤʦͽôſڱտھҪӣǷĽӻûأһǧ𡭡ңĶôȥ

Цúͬģһǧѣ£ѵķϣʦ˲ͺˣ
ôû뵽׬Ǯķأ
Ȼתÿ죡
գգ۾Լ
ˣһ裬ĵضҶƵԣڰϣˡ
ҶƣллܰƤʦͽ


339 һʦɣ

˵˪ɳ浽Ǵģ
᣺ΪʲôǸôƶֹֻƶ
о֪˪ɳ棬˵ҴĶȥ֪ģǸ˳Ϲµİɡ
īطݵ˵ѾΪͶ䵽ͷ
Ȼ֪޹ǣԿ϶ǣô˵ǸԼȡһ̣͵һһš
ˣȻȷʵûӴ˪ɳ棬ôҲȷʵ㽫Ӵȡ˳ӴΣءڰϣҾͲƷˣֻҪҴֻ˪ɳС
𣺡
ƭң˪ɳǵǮҪ޼ۣ
ɨһ۷𣬼޶ԣм顣
ģѾͷˣȻԽԽúˡ
Цķļʲô˪ɳˣʲôأôʹãרҵʿ֪𣿡
𣺡ݸܴţо
᣺аɣ֪ˣǵ͵ĸ첲գ
òУīطһۣСҲѧҵĶĳɾͣ㺰һʦΪɣ
īطݴԵòеغһʦ
᣺ôûں
һҪ˪ɳ治ɵӣԥһ£˵ᣬҪ˾ҪˣҲǲиСҪѡ
΢΢ü㶼ҸҪˡ
СҪֲѣ
˵ţæյĶߴﹾ˼仰
룬ҲǲԣֻҪѵʱ䡭ƫƫҲûôʱˡ
ˣҴӦСҪˡŸսʸ²жԾŰɣͬȻؾġСҪ󡯸ˡ
ʮ֮ԼܿҪ뿪飬Ტûͬ˵
ӦȻǿĵòС
ΪҶڣ˵˸ղǷ
ʵϣֻҪѴ㰲ڿռҲشطȥ

ҹ
մӷ褵ķ·ǡÿīطֵµˣīߡ
ẰīߣתӣϾ͵ķȥ
ī֪ͷĹϵһ㣬ΪǷҪīطݣܿͻȥԼˡ
ֻīط˵Ļ֪ⲻǷң
ҲûжţǺܴȻȥķ䡣
ȥʱͿڶŪƿСʳӣòֺ
ĵͦ졣
īطݵʦңȻҪ浽
ԣ̧ͷһۣ״żõԭǰڰǰôװģмʵˡ
īطǳǳһЦѧҽ鼮⻹Ҷ༸ֹˣҲˡ
ǺǡٻˣΪҲ֪жٵ⣬رҴװʱ򡣡ӶһͰ͸ģ
īطݵǲŲæ˵ǶᣬʦҲŮ𣿡

īطݼֱ׳ң֮ˣͬվһ˵ЦҿȥҲɣ

СҲǷˣ˳ǵԣ˵Ķֻǲ֪ǼɵѾͷ֪˼𣿡
΢΢һЦš
īطüͷšµֶܽ˼֣֪֪
Цһ̧ȹһŵ£Լһˮһߺһ˵ʲôʱ򣿡
Ҳ¸㣬ڰӵеһУҲ˽ġΪʲôӵЩȻɲҸô򵥡
Ҳˣİĵ˱ҪĶ
ҲǷĵ׵Ψһˡ
Ǹӵģһ߾úӳˣԼһжȷʵοͬʱҲ귳ǵġ
Ҳ˵
ῴóǼǲģſڱտھǼһҲ㹻Ͷ̥һ˼Ҽ
ǡأΣ
ӸܵīطݶԼĵһۿʼˡ
īط˶⼸գֺγȥ̽īطˣ˲ǰȴиͬ㣬ǾΪ˷
ԣīطݹҲͬΪ˷顣
ʮ֮ԼһҪˡ
ʱҪ뿪뿪֮ǰǷĲ·ġ
ҪЩʲôС
īطȻҲʲôˣỰ˼׵úܣɳƵػش𣺡֪һвѰζʲô


340 ֣

΢΢ȵؿīطݡ
˵˵ζʲô
Ĳͬζţʱпʧȥ
һ㣬īطݲǵһôоˡ
ӺܾǰʼԤУҲѾĻҪøһЩ
ա
īط΢΢ۣᣬܽôߣ𣿡
᲻Ե޹Ϊ˵ô仰
ÿ仰ﶼ⣬īطݲó
⻰ȴЩˣ΢΢Ȼ˵㹻
ֻͻ̫СʱգܳǸģ
ⲢѾϿīطˡ
һµҲȷʵʱ뿪ǣҵĵΪ˴
īطԣͫȻһΪʲôһҪ
ĵΪͬ࣬ǶȴࡣҲһߵģǡ
īطݽעȥĻ
ȻЦ㡢ǣ㹻˵ҽ¡
īط΢΢һѹЩҲ˵Լ£Ͳˣ
ҿûô˵
ᵭֻҪҾﲻʺţ⣬ܽߡ
īطݣ
仰˵Ҫס𣬻ֺ㡣
ˡ
׾ͺãҲ˷ôˮ
ǰīطݵļ򣬡ʵҲǶšޣʲôֻǮĸҲԣˣʲôνˡ֣֮ܶ
īطݳһ
˵⻰ҲûٶͰ˸ϳ˷䡣
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ҪˣΪݣܲǿн˸߰ɡ
û취ֻЦǺǵ˵ãҸϽȥ׼ͷͷλúסĽӽ뷽褵ȽԶһЩ
⵹⣬Լķž᷿ܿ䣬ʱ벻һֱǻʹȥˡ
ٺ
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Ҳ˼ʧЦ͵;ʦЩͨǱ¶ȲϣߣʦĶˣ¡
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ϾҲǴˣղЩҲһЩ
ҪѡȻҲʵѡᣬǻҲҪ
մǻ֮¡
š
±ϾҲǡԼˡͬ˲ͬǻϢ޴ϵֻҪùٳЩ֪С
˵ͷãҲͬʦ˵˵ͱ֮ĶԹԹɡ
ţ·ˣҲЩȥúϢ
ã
ԹԵػԼͷȥˡ
°ɣټҲûʲôá
ǿôɡ
Ҳû뵽ڷסڶ𴲵ʱ򣬸ƿţͿ˶淿ſվŵվıֱһ˫ֱضߡ
ƼˣΪԼʲôʶͷһۣ֪ǿԼ
еˡ
ԼǰͬദҲû׽ĵز
Ҳһ鷳Իǿݣͬ
ȴ֮䣬ûҪЩ񡣡
᣺ҾҲûôϤҪġ
ֵ˵˲õ飬ܹˣǰ飿
᣺Ѿͷֳ֪ʱʲôѣ
ѹûʧ𣿣
ᣬǰǡ
Ŀ⣬е̲סͷƤ飬ʶЦ˵ûȷʵͷܹˣʧˣҲǵǰ顣ֻǵʶ˶ѡ
ԣɫƵЩ䣬ָ𣿡
Ųᡣ
żʧ䣬ܿᣬ˵ҲްԸһЩʱ䣬ҿԸ㣬ǰ޼Ĺϵ
᣺Ǳ˰ɣ
Ϊʲôһ˲ְʯͷԼŵĸо


347 ֱӴͻ

𲢲֪ʲô鷳
Ѿͷ谴ռƻӭ˸֮ۡС
˼źѾС֮⣬û֪Ѿ˸ۡ
Ҳ뷽û²Ҫ뿪ԺӣΪǼ
ԣˣôǼУ
򵥵ؽһӦúܿͻ뿪ˡ
°ͣҡҡͷŲһҪ뿪һˣƣҹڵϹģûͷɡ
һʦҲûͷ
ˣôˣѲʲôϵ
Ǿʶϵõʲô̶ȣǹ˵˵㲻
Ǿ˾ǼҼôȥҲǰ취ôòعϳ͢ҵġ
ֵ׳꣬ް̫ܷˣϣЩô룿
ʵ۲ҵʵˣ
Ҽ˵鶼Ǹӡ
ȥҰݸһ£¿ǰݸ壬ݸ˵ЩʲôӦûİɣ
ҪīطģīǱ³鲻ټҲæϷȥˣ˱ûм档
豾ţڷҵܣȻǲ⴫ġ
ҪǴȥˣ»һЩĵǷܡ
ڣͬ͸˼
黢֪ΪʲôŽ̻Ի͵ĹסҪǼСܡ
ֻĻǾ͸ˣֱӰͷ̸ͣ᲻ˣ
ڵȵȰɣȥ
治ҿȥ˵ģ״ڿͷǴӰ첻
ӭZ֪ڷʱҲܾȣȥͬкȴסˡ
ԴͺΪغЩҲ󷽱͸¶ԼϢ¡Ҫ˲ϴˡ
ͨĥһڷĿġ
Ϊ׷ܡ
ΪʵۣȻĲ˶ʱ䣬Ͼͷһȥ
һӭZˣ㲻þҪץ׳
ϾҲǧټһӭZԼġ̫֮λ
ӭZźʹֳѡĻȻǺԥѡźӡ
ԺȵģҵźȿͷҪ
ӭZϵȡ˶ӵĽ飬ԺŰ벽ˡ
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գͰذīطݸˣͬ˵һЩṦΰ
īطŶò˼飬ⲻǱó顣
ӳ¶˼ǣǸˣôɻľٶ
Ʋ죬׼˲ⰡߣƼģ˱ͷԵˣ
īطݣô⵱ˣĺ
޼ɵЩҲεǰ˵˵Ȼܸ֪
֮ܶݸҲæ£ȥ̽̽飡
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šüԲ͵˵˵Ҳǵ֮ǰˣܱܲ϶ңҾָܻˣ
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᣺Ҳ˭أ

ʱ滳Ů˵ľʯͷģӲ
ȿȡ
˵Ķš
𣬾͸һæܹȥһѱס𣺡԰𣬿Щҳȥ߰ɣմڷͷֱǿƻˣ
С²±ɣ
˿īطݣīطҲ˼󣬸˸񣬡¡
īطݣɫҲɵ˼֣˵ˣЩ𣿽л塣
īطݴ塣
˵ͷֽĿᣬȥˣҲˣһ𣿡
ҪǱ£Щعͷɡ
˵ţŷͼææߡ
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ʱĵðһȻʧĸо
ᡭΪʲôô
ǰҲġ
īطݿ鲻ѣǰպãҲͬһġ
Ļɫָ糣ţġ
ΨһֳĶӡ
ҲûԼĺӣҲ㽫īطݵԼĺһ˼ֿݺԡ
īطҲ֪Լܺãб𣬲Ϊһȥ̳¡
ֻ뷨ӣԼ⣬ȥѰ
磬īط֮ˣ˲֪⣬֪
һ۾ͿҪ˼֮ˣⷽСĹɣ
īطȻûţ˵ͷǡ
һЦСѾͷƺûϣҪȵأֱӵ㣬ԸǴͻ顣
⵹ǰīطݸסˡ
Ҳֻǽԥһ˲˴𰸣ɫᶨؿҵϡ
֮ǰȷʵżīףðϣǲ׻Ǵͻ飬һжȻġ


348 ծ

ò뿪ңǰ߳һ̣оͷĿʵģŷҪҵ¾ͻطǰɣʲôҿ濴
Ʊһ㶼Ƿµķծ
ȥķծ
ܲĸ첲һ£ְԴ磬֮⣬ҶలؼˣĺлҪĹôȥˣ
ӿǲŵģƭҰǰɲģ
ƭʲô
ôԼˣ޲ðСӸԼ֤
ðɣǹʱˡ飬Ҫôˣ
ôҸûϵӣƺйϵƵáݣǲôðһСģͱЩǴж˿ˣҵÿ
ʲô߰ģ˭˵ºкöˣ
̲ס˸ۣδɶûһҵ˵ˣ͢ϿвٴԼҹŮʺģûɹ˵һϡ
ףô˵ǻһ˶ű˰Ȼ޶ԣǶɣ
һ뵽£һ飬ԼŮװʱΪĳЩԭ򣬲òͬͬûþʹ˸ϢɰŪͷˡ
ԣֶῴϾá
СѾͷеҪ췴ļ󣬡ѵ˵Ĳ𣿡
Ƕ䣬֮£ҲֻаⱾ°˸ˡǿװ㣬ᣬ㲻Σ
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ͷϾô˼Ҹˡ
᣺ֻ۾һ˺úһˣ
ڵ˼ҪôţԹԴһΣȻٸ֣
ҡͷҿûô˵ҵ˼ǣҪûϵǸϽ˵Щá
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˵ţеðˡ
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Ĳˣ뵽Լ˽⣬ҲָҵŮ룬иӰ²ǹ˸Ů𣿲ȥŶţ
һ⻰͵һƣ㲻˵һˣŮĻϲ⣬»ûأ˪ɳĶģҲ˲У
аɣǼ֣˻ȥұ˵£˵¡
Ȼǹ֣ˣôܴطǵķߣǰ·ְֺúȥ
𣺡ܱܲԳưְˣ
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ǰӣ鶼ǰ
ôһȥҲ˵ûˡ
ͷһ죬ͷɽˣŻλƵػؼȥ
ȥʱǡɺīطݳţͿͷͳſ
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⡢ⶼʲô£
ɺֺΣֵīطݰæһ˲һȻȥˡ
ǰɲôԼȵġ
ҲǱˣִװͷ޼ɵˣһȣͰԼȳС
ˣҲһϳīطݣӣͽ§סīطݵĸ첲ȱ͵˷Ҳͣīطݵ֡
߿ȫ߿˭ݸ磬رѾ㣬ٸҾһӵĶӣ
īطݣ
СѾͷεЦˡ
ʶؾ§СѾͷͷ
ͷѾͷӼ״æΧȥݹӽĹｻǾͺˣ
š
īطݽСŵϺ󣬾Ҫ뿪ˡ
ϾŮҵĹ뷿ƽƣҲܻ˹ء
ֻû뵽СôѲŷ׼뿪һס䣬Сһ˫ˮίͰ͵ؿݸ磬ҪȥĶΪʲôŰ𣿡
ѾͷӼ״һ
곤æǰҪīط֣ĹϣˣϢˣݹӻȥɣݹӴȥˣ
ҲҪ


349 ȥ

һƿ֣Ƥس˹ȥסīطݵСèһ˲䣬˵Ҳܣݸ㲻ߣȥ棡
֪Լҹ˾ôãΣֻܶīطǸæȥ˹
˽סܿ˰ɣ
ȥ
īطݺסˣҲǵһҪǷ֪ˣٲһҾ˯˾ߡ
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īطݵؿһ֣δķˣʲôʲôзִ硣
ֺһѾԣԾѡ
ֵ곤֪īطͬǷҵĹϵԼīطݵ̬Ҳǲһġ
ԴͷȻû˵ҲеīطҪΪǼĹүͷˣīط׿˵˾ȣϾⲿûô
īطû˵һ۸Եīߡ
īҲԼӵ˼ֵѹǼδĹүǵġ
ﻹ˵ʲôֻĬĬشżѾ˳ȥˡ
īſš
ֻôѾ߻˶
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Ѿͷūף
֣£ô˵ҲҪͬ˵һɣ
ֳţһȥģֻҪսԼ;ˡ
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īطݽط˴ϣǺ˱ӣСÿޱߵ˿֮ɫ
С֣ڴһǣƵ£ûܴ߰ߵġ
ңҲñ˰ߡ
*
ڶգͷ۸ˣɵ㶵ԼȥЩʲô顣
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ôˣ
֪ˣ϶Ҫһٰ
ˣҪӴ
ѾææŽˣĹˣѾ籸ˣȺһЩɡ
ŶŶôģԣˣ¶ûҵ֪ɣ
ͷۣѾߵݹѾ
⻰˵꣬ûѾ߻شſھʹ
㻹µͰ֪
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òУҡҲʧߣ
ھﱾͺȵСƣ־ľƺûɶȥռ䷭صִƣüƿę́ôһȣʤ˾ˡ
ҵŻǲˣﻹǵúʲô飿
ʧߣҿǵӴˣӲˣˣҹҳݵܵܣҪǱײˣôճ
֪Լǵ춹ģȫҾˣæǰȥֺõ֪ˣ϶ĿұͷĶ𣿡
ҵҲõݺݵʰһ
ɺɨһۡ
ͷһ⣬вã㲻ͻȻݣװɣ
ɾҪûùӳˣ
㣡ҴˣҷҲû´ˣ
ɺϴ̬ȻϿңŴţܲҪס˵Ļ´ҪҺɾҪͷȥˣ
Բģ
ָһض췢ĵ
ɺһ󣬼Ƶ⻰ͬ˵˻ȥͬ㰢ݸ˵˵Ƶĳ̬ɶȥȥʣӲˣģɡ
ʲô
ʱʧɫݸô֪
ˣɰֹɵģ϶ڰݸˣ
ǧ㣬û뵽ᵽīطݸǰȥˣ
ɺһղҲ˵ձлعˣݵܵԭڼеģ˭ôƻֲ¹ҹҾʹˣ˭֪ճžײ
𣺡Ȼƾң֪Ͳˣ
ǸΪʲôҪôĺȥȾأ
˰ɣ
ôã


350 Ůб

ȻأݸҺƣ˵ʲôûУ
뵽ǰԼҶȥ¥飬Ѿīطݺˣƣ϶ɣ
ԽԽҪôīطݸˡ
˵ʲôҲ֪æ̻ݣߵģҪ֪˵ʲôߵֺѾߡ
ɺԣվһԵѾ߹Ĺ˵˵ݹû˵Щʲô
æĿƵضѾ߿
Ѿ˵īط˵ɶҡҡͷݹû˵ʲôֻĹƻ˵λݹӲݹߣݹӱһĹ˯ˣ뿪
ҡҡŰݸ粻ðݸߣ
𾪵վץѾߵļʣһ˵ʲô˺ûУ
˵˵ñݹ֮Ļ
𣺡⵹Ǹجغˡ
Īμö˳īطš
ɺһ̲סЦˣû˵ɣѽô㰢ݸǴһɡ
˵ĻƻһСݸ׼ҪЦˡԡӦúŶԣ
Ϊ
ɺһԵϴ
ͰԼһκҶƳȥ˵һ顢
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ǲҲϵƭ˵ˣһѶ˸¥Ҳһ㣬ǿ˵˵ģͬ˵Ͳ˵ȥ
֪ˣ
ɺû취㻹ǺúôȥͬİݸͽͰɡ
㲻ҳ𣿡
Ͱ͵ס֣ߡ
ɺ˳ǣĿ֣¸ߵѾǽҶʴˡ飬Ըʰȥ
˵껰˾Ͱ㲻뿪ˡ
״һǷͬһ̱ϡ
ҡҪôʰݸҪ׼ң
ˣ治Ϲ֡
ˣᣡ
һһͦæȥ
Ѿں׷ţĹҪȥ緹ûأ
ȥԣ˰緹Ǳȥ
˭ظҲֻá
Ѿû취ֻûȥ緹ͷǱ׷ŷȥˡ
ȥʱỹûѣȴǴɤţԼˡ
ᶥżͷ˴һķ𣬴˸Ƿʣôˣһ˭ˣ
ҧгݵ㻹˼˵㣬Ҫʲô׾ƣˣðݸˣҴװȥ棬ָˣ뷨ӣҪôðݸ
ЦطΪʲô
Ϊ˵ѽҲȥ֣ҪȥҲֻܸһȥΪϴλ¥顭
ΪʲôҪԼ㣿㾹ȻԹˣ
һ߸Լˮȣһ˵Се㲻ԾŶ
ĪﲻԾˣݸǵңҴӦ죬ҲΪŵԣ
ûô򵥣С±ҲˡīطݼȲҲʲôô
˵ˣ˰Σűһ仰ݸ곤ƽֹңҺҲҵһַʽҰ׸磬ȻĻôܾûлʲô㣿
ᵹǿˣԼСϡͿġ
˵аԵòУһԼϣͰ㿪ϵļûУ
Ҳ֪òͬīطˡ
˵СӴС͸Сϵã˾÷
ֻǲ֪÷ϵжιֲֵ̣ùսأ
ҲաҪģҲӦʱذһѲС
˵ͿԼľͷԴ벻ʲôģɣͬ˵Щǰݸ簡ҲˣĻҪǵĴˡɲôͬīطһģҪЩŮбʶ
𣺡
ôīطݵĻ㲻ĻϾǴˣָīط޹ʵġǲ˼ңӰ˼Ȣϱġ
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еܴģٽ˵⻹õŽд󵱻Ů󵱼ޡСʱٺã󻹲ҪԳɼҵģһ㣡
ɫԽѿҧŴ鸴ӣ⡢ô𣿡
ʲô㵱ִ
˿϶ܳɫؽҿʵ֮ܶͬīطദҲ֪Щִ磬ٸ˼ô׽ˡ˭ûкôȻ˵ЩڿŵĻھͿȥףŲ˵ĸһЩ㲻ôӽ𣬾Ͳٵīطݼˡ

ɫһڣ⻹ˣ


351 Ա

Ļ÷һӾͲһǿҵΣС
һӦǲīطݳס
ҪȢϱǻİݸ𣿻һ
ĹĹû緹أҪȥﰡ
ڵѾ߲Ÿհ緹ͷͼʧǵشͷ˳
״Ѿ֣ӹѾŵ緹˼˸žУ緹Ұ˰ɡ
˵껰緹Žͷˡ
Ѿߣ
ⶼʲôʲô¶
Ҳ˲緹ˣææ׷˷ĽŲ
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ֻǷһأԱˡ
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ѾᣬʦӰ
˭ʦôĺݣҪôԼͽܡ
ĹǾס죿
ɼżѾҲ̫ҵᣬֻ͵͵ȥͬ˵
ֵǱȽλү׿˵Ĵˣɣү˵ȥ
ðɡ
Ѿ磬Ҳû취Ψһľ׼ʱ˷ԡ
ȻһգûӷͷѾְһ򿪣ſյķ䣬˶סˡ
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ššü˵Ļ˵ܾﲻ̫Ծ
⡭
ֹ˵ʲô벻ô˵
§ǸĺӣҲ̫ġ
ҿһۣǲǶ԰ݲ̫⣿
ˣ
֪ﲻԾˡ
֮ǰͶīطݲ̫⣬ô֧ᣬָǲҪīطŮɣ
һ̲סīط˵ûӺܺãǰһֱҲչˡҲϲݵģݵ̬ȻҲһӶˣΪʲôҪ֮飿
ҶͬãԼ˵ˣ
һ仰Ҷһ£΢΢ü⵹ûСǿó𣿡
ҲֻǿóѣֻҪûͱǲ㴰÷ŵҲ÷šСԣڶû˵ģ㲻Ϊĸ顣
ʱ䣬ԼɡˣīطݣҲ׽ԼֳǰأĻƽ׽ķݣʲô
ɫ΢΢һףջ̾һ֪ˡ
Ҳǹ뵱Ȼˡ


352 ͨˣ

֪ͷԼ˵Щʲô
ЩԱˡ
ǰһݾռͷ꣬ȥһͷȪˮȦ
Ӿ󣬲Ƶ˼
յĽҲǾ˵úܶԡ
ѾСʱˣӦīطݱʵľ롣
Ľ𾫣ȷе˵еǲͨġ
һͬ˵ˡ
ִˣҲĸĸɽ˺ġ
Ϊ
ԣҪһӵô˽صīطݡ
ֻǣ֪Ϊʲôһðͷ͸оԼĿɬʮֵز
ȥīطȢӻʲôģǸжá
ɪӡ
Ȫˮ侲˺üա
ֱգ΢ָһ㣬ӿռˡ
ʱҲķա
óˣ
ŹӣŶȣؿ˷һۡ
ƵӦһ䣬š
ͨˣ
š
ãǾ˵˵ͨʲô
ȭᶨؿҪɣ
ۡ
պȽȥһڲ裬仰ʱȫ˳
һƵÿŷ𣬵ܿ侲ˣʣôȻ뵽ȥˣ
ǲһֱΪ֮ŬķȻôѣܱĩִö˰ɣֻҪŬɣ
СӸ˼ˣﲻͣQûУСͽܱ㶮¶ˣ
˳ǣҪɣҪˣ
ҪҵǶݺȥˣȥɡ
᣺СѾͷƬԴӵЩʲô
ǿɵкܳʱɵȡиᣬֻһʱ俼ǣ㻹ҵĻҴߡ
СĻһ£ʲô˼ѽԼһҪ뿪ˣѲɻҪɲǿЦģǴ
᲻мһˣߣҡ
ıҪ߷꣬˵׾ٵ顣
Сʹ߶ֵܷˡ
Ļ΢΢һ㶣ߣ
˵ͷϵ˼ȥʹȥȻҪɣҲȥһʺɵĵط
λѾ߸˷֪
벻Ѿ㴩λ͸ʱյĵزˣ
ῴ˷еɻ𾪣Ҫ룬ұ¿ûô󣬲΢һСѡһ뿪ͲлˣԸ𣿡
ҡܵȵǡ
ܣ
ɫ˼֣˵ֻһʱ㿼ǣͺúÿɡǾҲͬ˵𡣰ҲҴļһߣܴߵֻһΪͬһģ𣿡
ô᲻˼˵ͷ͵͵һ
ͷ̧ɥɥģҲԼˣ֮㲻ٶ˵ʲôԼͷȥˡ
һ뿪̱˴ϣйƵô˺üȦ
ͷˣϲغһĹˣ
š
Ӧһ˵Լûȥ÷
ûȥƾڷʧȻӵˣ̣Ǹȥɡ
Ϣܿʹ˷򸾵Ķˡ
ҲûææϹȥĹŮʷͷ֣Ĺûʲô
鲻̫á
ô÷
һƿžͳĹڴһģҪӦ䣬Ƕ֪ôˡ
ң
˵ЩѾͷ˵̼ȷʵЩˡ
һЩģ磬Ҫһȥɣ
Ҫ
һ˵ѾǿҪǵĴˣЩȷʵӦԼסǲһ
һ£ʲôˣ
Ȼͬˣǲеġ
ңҿǶ԰
ܲһ·ֱۣݵ׺δˣΪݣǾǰ𲻹ã
У
ҲԼ뷨ˣ§˵褶ǿˣطôôģ׳꣬ô褶ȡ֮ˡεÿаᣬ褶Ӳѡ
οֲȣīطݣһʱһһ˶ϣڱǰ䣬ӭZǰ˵ʲôͳͳĻҪǷĿɳΪѵĻǼҵĹŮǣ


353 Ŀɳ

Ļһӡ
µȻ÷ĿɳҪΪǸλɱһлк壿
磬ܵЩֻΪֻҪãѾ㹻ӭZͰݵݣûô򵥣ͨգҲҪôġҡǻǸѡͨ˼ҵ๫ɡ
ǻζˣҲ̫ߵ鰲źˣǾͻطǸ켰ô㣬Ҳǲһʱ䡣ðطȥȻǶž¥Ҳ¶
ҲǸúӣӳȣȻѣλ泤ǺƵģǰҲȽȣ硭
̲ס˵˼
뵽һ룬Ͳȥˣˣ˳Ȼɡ
ķţ˳Ȼͺá
ʵСӣϣҲīطǿ˶١
ҪϸûǼѾͷġ
ԣ
иҽĵӣҶƵģͬǼѾͷϵ
ҶƻסǷ˵ǸǷһĿ
ὡ׳ֻõСӣúܣʼ̲סܲܺƹŮˡ
ʱ
Ҷƻ֪ԼѾˣڷҺԺιԼıۣ˼磬ȻΪԼȾ˷纮ʱ͸Լ
û°Ѳڱˣ
Ҷӣι
Сĳʳ˹
ҶƼ״˸һСŸԵʳźҲĵģ̾С˵ļ򣬵ʳԽŪԽˡ
С˸Цҵ˼ǸԸģ

ҶɻؿνڼŵģžǷĽˡ
ֻⷽ󣬻û㡣
ԼƻʳͲЩ棬ʵôȻôԸ˵ʲô𣿡
С˵ǣҶıۣ˵죬Ƽۺ󣬱۹Ȼ˲˵ⱼǴүҪϸι
Ǵү
ĴүӭZ
ǷôӭZˣ
ѵڲƭ
ҶƵɫʱͲÿˣġ
ԭұۣȻǱðҸˣҪӭZ֪ˣøҪȥ
Ҷվסˣܡ
ȥҷˣҵ˵ʱ򣬾ͼںԺļɽϳµˮʯͷ档
Ҷƺܲؽһ
ӸµؿһۣˣȻôְ˵
Ҷʲôְֻ֣һŭ⣬ִߴһǺúˣ
ʲôˣǷҵЩӲ뻹ˣ
ƨǱ۸Ͳ
˭˵ǣ
˵ģӭZģ
ŶǣûҰɽׯ֮ǰȷʵҴġ֮ͱҵ˰ڿȥҴĻҵģ
ҶƱһŪˣ
˭йϵص㻹Ƿҽأʲôʱ򻹣ҿɸ˵ˣҪǻ˪ɳ棬ɵøϽȥͷǮȻҾͬʦ˵˪ɳˣ
ţҶֱײǹˣݺݵһ٣ôԵ顣
ȻҶвĻɫһӾѿааɣҲ׷˰ɣҲñ֤вͷҰǮ㣬ٴѱ۸ȥ
ףôû뵽أ
ӶʱһһĨЦ鲻ҴҾôɣֱӴǼҵıۣ
Ҷƣͺܹ˰
ҶòУҪǷǷҵĵ̣ȥѾͷקһˡ
𡭡
һŵɤ󴦴
ҶһŤͷͿ߿ģŵɫȹŮ
üĿᣬǺЦ߹ʱĿⶼڼɽϵķϡ
ٿڣ𿣬תöƢ
ҶĿɵˡ
ɵ㶵վԭأֱضŷɺð춼ûع
ɺҲؼ˸񣺡ҶҲҰ𣿡
ԣҡҾеС´㣬ԣﰲá
Ҷû뵽ɺǰͬԼкһʱûӦĿİͰͺðŰһ仰˵ˣŸоԼ̵ò񻰣ҪΪԼƤڣ϶Ҫ˿Լж຦ˡ
ǻﲻͣǿҲڸԷɺʱЩˡ


354 

ɺҶ޴ģɵЦһܿ죬ŤͷԷҲЩɡݵܹܵˣء
ʲôݸˣ
ӦеûӼɽ
ɺľʲôݵܹܵһΣõô𣿡
áòţҽ첻̫ͬݸ˵ҪϢȥˣ
˵꣬ӼɽȻ󼱼ææܿˡ
аҶƸղ۲ݡͱ˵ƣ
ӣɺҶƶסˣ˶ԷһۣڶԷп˲ɻ
ôˣݵܹܵôܴ̼ģܵñӻ졣ݵܵܳˣ
֪ջƱ˵һǮ
ʲôǮ
Ǯ
Ҷƶ˼˵ȥˣΪ¶ˡ
˶ʮͷˣһǧò
˶ƴٽǷأ
Ҫ߰ٽծǮ˪ɳ档
ҶƾãԼûˣ˿ɺڻ̲סˣɷһæ
ţ
ɺǰҶƺȻԼæЩ벻Ҳţټ֪ҶҽĵӣҽҲͨȻҲȽĶԴ
ҶӲؿʲôҪԾ˵
ҶƺЦԼͷ˵Ҳʲô¡ţŴطǱȽϤܲܰҸأҰڸ̯׬Ǯծ
ɺԣһ£Ҷƺð졣
ҶƶϸĿ⿴ЩѪӿĿİͰ͵ǲ̫Ϊˣ
ɺҡҡͷᡣҪ̫ˣЩ⡣
ǣҽͽܣȻҪ䵽ȥ̯˿׬Ǯ
Ҫ˵ȥ˭أ
طЩҶƵݣ϶Ҫ°Ͱɣ
ҶԼ⣬ΪҲö˵ʲôӦҶưҵط̯Ӿˡ
ֻڳ֮ǰɺֲòǰԺȥһˣѷʣ˵Ļתīط֪
īطԣȻǵǵѯ𵽵ô£
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īطǳǳһЦõɺģ
Ҹٹ
šҺҶҲҪȥһˣɡ
á
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īطݱҪԼۡȥģɺҶ뿪ִ֮ī۷ˡ
īʵӣҪ
īطݳûӹ
ţ
īҲⲻòīһλãΪīطݵĸġ
īطݺͷЩ飬Ҳȷʵ֪òǺܶࡣ
īطôһ˵Ȼһͷˮȥݷһ£
ţߺš
īߣ
Ͳ±ҷ޶˷ֱ֮Ӹ
īЩΣҲû취ϾӶˣֻøһǽɻ
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հѷ̼֮Լң
ûţԼװȥˣʱҲպû·׼ȥ
סᣬҪȥ£
ȥϷ㲻ǲϲ𣿻ǻؿռȥɡ
ʾѹͲ
ҧгˣƤס·У첻ҳȥҲôҳȥû
ӣΣյضŰԼ·СѾͷЦһƤǲǣ
һ̧ͷһ˫۾ίͰ͵ض
˭ܵˣ
̲ܿסˣ̾һڰֵˣ㰮ž͸Űɡ˵ǰͷˣûƺȣ㣡
֪ˡ
ƲƲ죬ʲô飿
վܾīط¡
ͷܲζҲڿռˣҪȥҵתһע
⼸գճȥˣ˸š
÷̲ס棬ȥ׶ʲôˡ
һȥһϷ¥Ϸ¥ƹƼᣬϾͶЦ⡣
Ϸ¥룬͸أ
״ȵزУطǽ찡ͰϤˣ
Цһмһ˵طҲûҹ˼գҲͷϷ¥е˼ˡ
ðɡϷأԼҵĽ¥а˵ʦĸʦŰ࣬ÿ춼¥ԷĿ˵飬Եĸζˡ
˵⣬˾񣬡͸øϽȥǽ¥ƣ϶ʧģ
֪˼ЦЦѽ֮ǰջϷȰɣ
Ϸ̨ϴѽѽļϸǻȻòǺϰߣȻ˿ڣҲǿǿˡ
ֻû뵽ƨɸ£һͷͿ¥ºиˡ


355 

Ǹ˿ôô
̽ͷȥɵֹ䡣
һԵŹӣ˵ɶˣ
¥£һŴƲͷɢҵŮ˱ŸޣϷϷ֮䣬ڶʲôƵãȻè͵͵̨ķ˹ȥ
ļǲģѾȥ˰࣬Ƕӡ
ϾǲǷپӣˣĹѣ
ֻԶòеݣôܳڴطǣ
˰ɡ
ҷپҲ͵ģôԼ޶䵽־أ
붼ò̫ܣӦҿˡϾϣƵ˻ȥˡ
ǿɲְҾͲһˣȫû˱ȵùң
𣺡ҪŶ
ߣ˸˵껰Ȼ¥º̨Ȼһ̶ļ
˭ȻҵϷ˰ϽŮӸϳȥֹҵϷ
Ů˱ļǰˡ
ǰϷ̨ڳϷĽǶҲһ£רҵʹӲϷȥ
һͳǸŮһϷ¥ļ׳С˸˳ȥ
Ϸ¥ƹܻسָŮûǮǰɣУȥٸ԰ӣ
˴ߣ
һ£Ҫ˸ߣŮȴƵüû๫
ΧȺһ⻰Цˡ
Ҳ๫ˣ
ϽĶĶȥ
ǣһĳˣ
ƹģ°ĿɲŰǼϷ¥ʲôʱ˶ͷˣ
λǸŮҲ֪ðģǵ˲עܽȥˣҪǿźӵķϣʹӳȥˡϷˣ͹ٸȥλٻȥϷɣϾͳˡ
ƹĲòЦӦһԵС˺üۣǸϽŮߡ
Ů֪ԼҪ͹ٸʱһֵҪȥٸҲҪȥٸ
ۡ
Ů˱ŵҲΪȻ
СȴССʹǰԼţζܣֱסק˻
ƹ꣬ʵ㣬͹ٸɲͽǮôˣ
ûǮȥٸҲûǮ
ŮôҲܱŵ޿޵жˡ
ûǮǾȥΣ
ƹķ˵·һ׾ͼֵʮʮҲⲻ㲻ǻ๫Уȥҹүۣ๫Ǯ
ᵽԼ๫Ů˵ɫǲҰֽɸ
๫ʲô๫ˣˣ
Ů˵оֹ񲣬ΧȺƼ˶ÿֿɺޡ
˳ɾǸӣƹı˵ϻˣ߾ʹ͹ٸȥ
һλС˵ţҪŮ˲Ӷ֡
һ£
ȻͷһС׷˳յƹĶֹ˼
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ƹݻͰСǺ˻
ԭŮ˵Сһ֣Ůֱ˵˵ϣϵҲ˳ڱһԵĺ˸ס˻ȥ
Ů˻ججشӵһϵˮײײشϷ¥ſܿˡ
᱾ڿ̨һϷģȴû뵽һϷ
СѾͷҲ֪ˣ
ƲƲ죬ԽԽòԾܾúǸŮ˾ӰˡҪᣬҲģ͸Ů£
üŶǸճ˽Ʋ񫣬һƶˣ
ȲǲǷƶһ㣬Ҿ͸ðһҴĹۣҪҴ֪䵽⸱أǲ
Уܿ԰ɣ
˿ڲ裬ͷһ뿪Ϸ¥
˵Ϣʲô¡
οǸˡ
뿪󣬲ԶظŮһ·˴طһС
ϾǾ˵Ҳûĸм˵ġ
ŮסƬطļţҲء
ھӵŴһŮ˵顣
ھӱǸһ˴ɶˡ
ŶŶǷϣǴǰͬ˴޸ģǻһ£˵˾;˼ǮܵˣϴŸĴӣи̹ͷѰ˵ټ


356 ֶ

֪Ͻʲô𣿡
˭֪Ҷϣ
˳ʲôӣ֪˰ɣ
⵹ǼһΣ߸׳׳ֳֺϻкôһ̺ϣŶʲôˣƽֻܶ࣬رϲŮˣ
ǷϼնҪ˵ᡣǼӿȥȥȰʱǷϷ֪ôǸ˳ǸʱǼӶûǷˣȫЦ
Ͷһ̲ŵġ
ţȴ
ҲüͷšúܽҪҵ
̫񣬵зϵģδҲ̫ɺˡȥƣ棬ʳʲôɡ
ҲˣҲû̺ˣһۼҲϲŶԡ
Цһȷʵû¶ˡаɣǰְ־ȥһˡ
š
Ϊ˶ӷΣڣҲ׼ȥŵġ
ֻ˼£ͷżæŹš
ŮΪԼ˻ˣһȴģεĹӣʱɫһ󷢰ףʶؾҪţ֪ô־ž͹زȥ
ֻܽӲվſڣṫӣɤʣ˭˭
ǰһϹŵǳЦԼἸ֣㣬ʣǲǵһ֣
ŮԣɫȻһ䣬ͫ׽þȫŸ͵غˣȵ֪˵ʲô
𣺡
Ӧô󣬿ʮа˾Ǳˡ
ֻû뵽ô䵽־ء
ھӵ๫Ҳ尡
ؽ˷ŵ˫ŽӲŲͷ
ĿϻಡĴӣ˺üǸ˻𣿡
ǣ
ҡͷǰӸǺñӣʵ·İˣǸˣ£
ǽġ
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ͬڴǸ꣬ȴ̬꺢ͯС˵
ͷһۣڶԷп𾪡
ʲôʱҵˡ
⻰Ǳ˺ݺݴһ£ʹԺ

Ǹ˻ʲôʸӵĵ
ӿŨҵĺ⣬ȴڶӸǰ˵вŵЩԹ޵ĻֻܵͷӵӶǡǻҵģİɣιҩ
á
кᣬѵԼŴݹҩ
ҲΪͷĹߣſкֱ͸һģһ
ַӾ֤ˣǰŮ˾ûϴ
׷ʲô飿
ԽӣǰȥȴסˣҺܿק뿪ļҡ
ͷſڣûģС峤һģһޣŮ˾ҴĹۣ
꣬ģȴǴʮһɣֳһϾҪȥپĸоŶ̫ˡ
ҵøҴɣ
ᡣ
øǼҹϵĻԿһѯʼ˵ϾҲҪ˰ġС첻㣬ҲúأٲõЧεĻԼǻˡ
ɫøˣȻ֪ô£ǵѪȻȥͬ˵˵ɡ
У
˺ܿ˸ۡ𶼲֪īطݷǽڷ˸յ¡
ҴһؼҺȥ˷衣
īطݵȰûˣ㲻Ⱥī뿪ˣڸţȷĳ֣۲·ǷвԾĵط
귽ĻȵòУپ޶
ţ°ͽǶ֪ġźѣҾǻʵҪҪ
˼һپ޶ȷʵӦðοͬ㻹ǹѡپµĺӣô˵Ҳҵֶ֪ˣȥġ
ʱ߰ʹˣ
һ˵˵㣬ҪҲʺϳ֣Ȳ˵ˡ
á
˵ͷ֪Լ洦ĻһЩΪ̬ȣٹȥҲûԼ
ûţùܼҴȥ˵ĵַȥˡ


357 ǽ

ֻǣϡ
ȥĹܼȥˣţû˵仰ͱˡ
ɫ־壬ѹ֪Щʲôġ
˵ʲôү
ʶշģΨپѡ
ǸӣҪһΣ
رŲĶӺﺿ޵СŮһƬҰܾ֮ɫ
ܼұҲżΣſڣˣԼҴҵػطұȥˡ
ҲڣûȰȰɶģӲǸӣ϶Ҫİ
ܼεĹҲȰŶȥҪſں½֦
Ͼַھô࣬ͲҶ˹ȥҪһɤӺˣǿɾ˾֪ˡ
˵ͷȽܼͬҵ
šͬǰȥһˡ
ȥҲ޼°ɣҷǽȥȰأ
ǰȥʱֱˣ
ǷܼҴ˵ţ֮⡣
ãȥǽòˣ
϶Ҳϵҵģ
̥ѾˣΪϳ̥һҲûʲô
Ļǲ
ջǾСŮһȥ
ڼĽѾɪɪҶˡ
ͷûʲôˣŻطſŵĴӡ
ȻһɿȴִɫҰף˫۽գ·û˰Ϣ
Ӷ
һ£ƺʶʲô֣µ̽˶ӵı¡
Ӷ
Ů˷һʹ˻УſڴߣͣץŶӵļҡţӶŰѹòãӶ
Ȼкȵĳ˯ûаķӦ
ޡ
ſڵķҼҶҲ˲ĸо˻ȥˡ
ͷ·ϣǡþ˴򱨸Сˣ֪ӳ֮󣬸Ůܵģܵſڡ
ΧھҲɵ߳鿴
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358 Сõ

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360 

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ЦţնҲˡΪôǮҷǵûӣ壬ٲնҲһֱǮöģְˡǸǮұ򣬿ƫƫĸӶÿƻֻǴҡ
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362 ʹ

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ҽĸ˽ӻĵա
ǷȻѾ಻סˣؼҷԼƿǮڼͷȥķ˼һĲֵܣڵس˷
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ٿīطݵĽϲɵ¶˼Ц⡣
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363 ǽͻǺŪ

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ǣǿɶˣײǹˡⷽҲŹǰɣ
УǷһ˵ע⣬ǶǰĵģҪ˵Լģ
һӳʸ֮ģҲпԡ
û뵽ⷽҾȻôͷ
Ǹ
ҪƿǮˣõôܻҪ
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364 ֱŤˣ

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365 Ƿ

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366 

˷ͷͺǣҲˡ
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á
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367 Ҳ뿴ݸѹ

ҡ
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迴һīطݣصҲΪīСɡ
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368 ݾͲÿ

ϵɴˡ
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˵ƾʧĸ֣īطݺȻ뵽еĶīֵ᲻ĹƶԼΪŧѪ߹ǻˣǲ֪
⻰ᵽ˵ϡ
īֵ빬һˡ½齻ҴҪһĴ𸴡
īطݵ˵ͷٶԣֱ󣬾ԻԼȥˡ
ī߱Ҫ棬ȴ⣬īطīһй·Ը


369 һ

һҾĬ
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īطݻӣڵԨףģͬ
ڴϵǻһˣһзϲƷʵˣ仰˵īطݵ档
ǰļ䣬ֻҪǣǰһУͻ˵״̬С
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īطݺڳӾīһɤƵȥһˡʰ棬ڹһ顣
īһ΢΢һӣһܣΪβȥѯ峤
ھҪ֮ȥһ˳ܵ۶һз󷽵ˡйһ˵ҽشطǡ
īһǣ
īһ뿪īطݵ״̬Ҳûƽ
΢΢Լ˫ȣɵһĨЦ
ǰʱ֪Ҹ游ܵλĻ֣һйء
ƾʧȻѣ顣
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ţǹһͨҰĲһǰڳܹҹһΡ
ʱĳܹλʮĹʦ׹ǵͨͣ±ĻʵۣȻˡ
ʵۻԺʮָмʦѹʦĵλƳ֮Լƽȡ
ǹһ֮Ի͵һʱ䡣
ܿ죬ҹʦҰı¶ˣͬʵۺ֣ȷе˵ǹϣӵйѪĻӣʵΪ̫ӡ
ʱĳܻʵ۶ԹҹʦʮΣСӲŸճգҲΪ̫ӡ
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ܻʵ¼ӶòԾԻʺĵճΪףһַͬʦ
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ͬʱ
طһСԺ
һǱں˵߽СԺһƿȫµĻҳؿ˺üޱȵ˵סĵط
˽Ų΢΢һ٣ŤͷؿһۣȻ㻹ص乬ȥ
һ뵽⼸±Ѻ乬ӣ˸ҡͷҲȥҾȳҪȥʦһ̶طͣˣҪȥ
Цô򵥵ɲˣ˼ȥΪʦΪˣ
⻰Īɪһ£ҧҲˣǸī֣ǺúƵˣô񣿻Щȥʦɱ˹ԡ
˶翴һˣ첻Ǿͽ㼴ɾ͵նɱ
˵꣬ĲӴ
ﱻŵһ£һ߿һ˵ҡ֪ˡҪôҶĻǧҪɱң
˼˲һس˳ǺĲӣһҩ裬ǽϵĹƶģҲǿͽܵķϣٸһλᡣҪλʧܡұ㽫ͷ­ȥ


370 Ůɽȥɣ

ĸӵǸһˡ
˼ټҲΪСŮ׵ͶֱӾ͸߷𣬰ѷ͹ˡ
Ҳ˼ûֱùܼѷ͹ˣ״ʦѷеһ顣
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Ӧö˵顣
ƣֱϹ룡


371 Ůʲô

˺ôֹͣ˼룬ڴӦԼļСϯһС
֮ҲܲסԼʱ۵Ŀ⣬æˡ
ҿȥıӰ̲ס̾⺢ӡ
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˳ǣҪСʵĻǸþһٲС
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յ˵ɾֶдеģһ
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372 ҸѰ˸ȥ

ƾɵķ˯ɪɪ
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373 ĸŮҰ

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374 ҵ

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֪ǻζˣҲ˷ܵزУɲ𣿸ĹְҲôΣҪϻˣҲ̫ܸ簲һò°ʱҲȢϸŹŮˣȢԣ
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һ⣬Ҳ׹ˣλھԶԶģ÷չ
ҪôȢҪôŮ޸ӣǸ⾩طվ˶á


380 鰡

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ǧĹŮīطʲôīطݸӵıԺʲôõӰ졣
ţֵͬīطݲŶ԰
ƽҲƲīطݶԼҹŮġ
ԼҹŮ˵ܼˣīطݸǻѪɲȫ׷
λ˼һ¡
ҪһһôңȴܸһԸƶҪԱպþã˰
õķӾǿ쵶ն飬īطݷŮһ뷨
§ӵƣôŮڳǾðݹƼôˣ㲻þϸһأٲУЩŮҲƵϰݰɣ
ҵһۣǴԸýˣ
ӣΪ飡
ͷīطԼŮԼŮ˼īطȢӹҸֵӣ
ֱַҪ̫ˡ
ĵɡޣǻ۵ġ
ҵ̯ưɣ̯ƺҾͰīطݵɶˣǹŮǵ׵ܵܡ׸磡ô
һۣЦǶȻðݽͲ±ˣ
裺
˵úеīطݰҪ˽еɲ͸һ
ֱе治˼ˡ
ӣЦǻˣһҪǱ֪ԴܾͲˣ
ǼҺͻʼҵݹϵҲԽԽӰ
ǲҪôˡ
̾һʵΪһĸףĵ⻹Щ˽뷨ֻǲͬ˵㶼⡭
谲ʲô뷨˵˵ô᲻أ
ԣЦЦյߵôСŮǲܳɻ飬ҲһֱͬһɣǣԵȢͬǼûϵ
һ㶵ؿӣ⻰˵ûмֿԡ
ɫӣ뵽īطӣҲͬī˵һúܡ
ɲô
ҵԭ뻹룬ҿӻû֮ǰͬ˵Щ£ѡһˣɾǰԧ죬Ǻ벻
ںˣû뷨ģֻʣ°һͷˡҲֿģҲŲˣ͵ӡȿȣýе֣ĵ׾С
ôţǰԼĿˡ
ǡʱƼīطݴԺǴ߳
Լ๫Цȥݰɡ
˼㳯īطǱ˹ȥ
īطݼЦųԼͷʱһ⣬еܳ
ֶȥ㰢ˣ
СʱǶʱ䣬ͬ棬īطݿûƼЦպȻЦôƣŶù˵ġ
īطͷӦǣ񡣡
ļοˡֳĸ
īطݣ
⻰ԽԽŹˡ
ҲĻᣬͰӭZͷǱˣ߱˵ϯͶ࣬Ҳͬ㵱ԼˡҲæһæһд¹Ͱɡ
á
īطݲֻܷܹԹԵͷĵĬĬ룬ӭZС壬㣬ҲýСġ


381 ⻰˵Ĳ

ȥ֮̾󣬼ʼˡ
̲ิӣΨһоڵģǺһ˶ڶ
Сʱ˾Ǳɡ
űŴӵվʶ־Ҫȥͷϵӡ
ղѺ죬Űӻīطݸղ͵ģټķͷϳ˳ķ٣кüһǽ̲ס룬Я˰
ҪĸͽӲǰֱӾͰγ׵Ʊ
ǽ󣬷Ҫȥǰתƣˡ
ϣЩƼϵ̥ǣһӦǾȡϧ˵䣬񣬱ûʲô׽ٶˡ
ЩȽϿģԼŮƳܸʶͬĹúһˣˣ
˹ŮύªòĹ
ȻҲ⣬߸Ҳһټˡ
ֱߵһλ˸ǰʱƺЩ֡
˺Ů￴Ŀȣ˲ԡ
ͬһ⺮˼󣬾߿ˡ
ֻǷ߳ȥԶܸоǶĸŮߣңղǶĸŮʶǿǵе֣ʶǵӡ
΢΢üˣҲе죬벻ˡ
һԵѺȻڣҵλĸĶ
ԣһô뵽ȥˣ
ӣЦǺǵȻˣȴܺáȷʵĸĶ񣬶Ҳϳ˲ǡ
һɡǰ飬ҶǴˡ
ѵǼĸȷʵʲôöô˵ǶͬСҲѪԵϵġ
ҵ˵ͷ˵ǰССͣλ̵úܻѧλ۸ң뿪ʱҲŰ˾ְ꣬ŵʱ֪Ҳ磬Ρ
ͼĸһҶλĵ׻ûжٺ⣬ֻǾ޳û뵽ãҲϳ
ҪҪףǵȽչٿɡ
ʵͬǶ񶾼ĸһӵģʱǵϸô򵥣ֱӰǸˡ
ţòУѵ˼ǣǶǳˣȻǰãҪ˼С裿
ҵ˵Ǹġұλͬĸõĸ׸ϳţĸǸ񶾵ŮˣҺδظϳ˵ִȥ˵ٲǼˡҲĸҲǣܼա
꣬Ȼһᡣ
ҲΪԼ뿪ط·ϡ
ȻôǻǲҪˣ
λҲʲôģĿƶĸŮǿֻ򡭡
ţԣƽ
ȽæҵҲǽղﵱףҪġ
һֱӾܾˣô˹Ů棬ȷʵܶˡ
ͬص˵ͷţհﶼģ
ˣ§ĸ첲š
һȦطȦ˭˭˭Ͱ˸ʶˡ
ְ֮ѷָǱߣ÷褴ߡ
īطݱŵһдˣһ涼ѣòѰ˸ĻᣬߵСѾ˵ڷǱߣ㼱ææҪȥˡ
ףǿ쿴˭ҹӣҲ̫˰ɣ
ߣͬŮлţȻһ̧ͷ˴ǰ·īطݣҲ̧ͷһʱľ֮ɫ
ûôӣ
һŮЦλǶʶīģסīͷīӦ֪һɣǴī˵
ī˵ȫʲô
˵īطݣҶīСӣƽҲͬеĹһȥˣ
īСӣǴҶ֪ģⷽĹδ𣿣
Ƿδ
⻰ɫŲÿû뵽һƼôĶӣȻǱ˳˹ֱõδ
йŮ̲סСĹòλīСӱȣһһ°ôߵһģסⷽĹδҲ̫˰ɣ
īطͷţԣ˵˵⻰˵ĲˣīСӲעأ


382 

԰ǰЩҵʹī˵ģī˺Ҳû˵Ѿװ
ȻйŮСûȷ黹ǲҪҴˡⷽĹ̫ãǵһŮһ㶼ǵġ
ûжף
⻰ˣ͵Ҿ˪˵Ķԣûеǿɲ˵ڿǴ£
ôÿʵīСӾȻûǱ˳öף
ĵ׼ˣԽҪϽҷȥ
ֻҪףǾͿԾңٹǳ˹ֱ˱ãܿܽʶīС˰ɣ
̴졣
뷨Ҳʮּ򵥣𳤵ôһû˸棬СԱĹ
ֻҪ±ʾһ£Ƿ𲻸Ͱ͵ǰ
֮ǰǾһĽãǳǮĸ̣ȴɵúܣΪΨһĺýãƽʲôóԺôõģȫͰǰֻͣҪ˵ǽþͲߡ
ǣǽû˲Ӹ̲
ҪǿЩӵķϣô
뿪ˣҲͲϷӦˡ


һæµϯֱҹŽ
Ҷ۵òУҲʱиóϯϵ顣
ΪһգīطҲûٰæֶ༸Σ԰ͳ˸īطûµʱԳ档
⵹ǰѷˡ
զ£аˣ
ǰϿݸ粻˳š
īطҲ֣̬תһˣȷʵʲôԭԼĹˡ
벻ףһԵķһۺ󣬲ŵѯʷȥߣһͬǰȥ𣿡
ɶ
ɵһ£Բ۾īطݿ
ô£
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ҪЬӳ˵ģ
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ȥɣ

ȻڴӦŵóȥҲġֻǱ̫ȻҺﶼᵣġ
ˣ㲻׵ʲô
˵õͰݸ籣־룬û˰ݸأ
⡢ı־밡
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ζʲô
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ţȥɡ
˻֣īطԶˣ̾һ
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ŹŮߣһһߵ˵ͬ㰢˵ЩҶˡ
һҡҲܺ˳ɻ£
š
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ɶ̬ȣ
ݸ̫
˵µġ
ĳͬȥЩ˵˰ɡǻԸ⣬ͼһݸ硣

е㲻׵Ի·ˡ
īطݼչȥĻ˵¹ϵ
ͷһ˵ζͷӦһá
ûôע⵽ŮԾȥϢˡ
һҵػصԼķͷϴʱСߵڴ˯ĸ¸£¸¼һŲӶ
ſڴϣеʧҪô˵
¸£
ҡҪôڣ
¡
¸ȻǶ죬оǺģԼ˵ĲԾ
ǰʹ˴ȣ¸¡
·Լһ㣬ֹݸ᲻ȻֱӸҾˣ
ǰŸ뿪һء
ʵϣʱɣٵͷͻüѡ
˵Щȥ͸īط˵ˣҪЩ롭ָŶ
ʱ˿̣һٸһǧһԸġ
ͷϵķ٣īط͵ȡ
¹⣬õīطһһʱģ
ӡīطݾһˣ͸Ķöָ֮⣬ȫԼ̵ֵġ
뵽⣬͵شӴϵ
¡
¸±һ˼ؿŷ
Ȼһգۣϵķ𲻼ˡ
һգֳۣˣŸСӣһһСӵĶ


383 ̫˽

Щ꣬½½īطݲٵĶ
īطȻҲֻղ񣬲ģ̫ϪغͯǵСߣȽ棬Щ滵ˣӵɴ˸Сӣ͵Ķȫһ
¸£
¸²׷Ҫʲô˿ЩõСߣ쳤˲ȥ˼¡
һԴŪŪģ
¡
¸°ˣԴƶС۾Ͷŷ
˿ĽϴŵָһĪģʮֲõĸо

ܸݸһͺˡ
Сʱûôֻ࣬īطݺܺãҪһӵĺѡ
Ҫġ
ˣīطҲˡ
˸̸ۼ޵ˡ
ôΪһ˽ôīطݡ
ϲ͸û취Ļرˡ
ͷ;ñǼڷᣬһξϲһȴܸһǶôܵ顣
Ȼĸоˣǻģֻ޵ʱڣŬӦЩϲǡ
¸¡
¸ֵ͵͵ؽһŤͷܳȥˡ
ûע⵽뿪أŷ
һߣ׼˯ſڴѼ
ʶСһ˷ˣСͽֻ׶Ŷֻе˼㲻ܻˡ
ϴĶһ٣̧һӣžʹˡ
׶¸µײײ˽һͨ¸½С
Сӷ˵ΪڴϿޱӺܣϽȥοο
ᳶ˳ǣû뵽㻹
ҲǾ֣Ȼö׶˵ʲôѹҪĺ𣿣
СӲҿʹߣ֮Ҷĺ𣿣
ҿĲԣСͽѾˣǻӵЩ΢Ѿᱻ˳ôְֵģޣʦģӦҪѧ֣

ҶǳˣĿռɲ𣿡
̫Ѩһһģ롣
ĵҲԽԽˬΪʹ㡣
˽ġ
ôƭΪ벻
죡
ͺһСҲһӰˣȴ̲ס˵һ䣺㡣


û⡣
ͷͬ࣬·ֻܴȪ뿪ʱһֱΪ
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ţˣֶý͵硣
ǧټƣ÷úõػȥ
ֻҲû뵽ô˲Ũҵĸ顣
Ҫߣʮ꣬ҲûжĸоΪһʼ֪ﲢĹ
ɷһµ˸סĸסǻһһֱϲŵС硣
ӵһУһж᲻ӵйġ
ΨһӵеģǷһֱߵɵѾͷ
Խ룬ɫԽ
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ȥһ磬һõӡ
Сĵ뷨һ㻹ǹִ֪һģ
ӣ˱廪ĹŮȥ˱˽ֿ£
ƨ£ٶһ䣬Ū㣡
ðŪҰߣҾͿҪôŪң
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ȴߵ롣
ǷʤɴʶʱնϺСӵϵ൱ڵСӹؽСˡ
СӣǺǣ˵ܵŮˣ
Ὣ׶˳ȥصԼĴϴ
СӵĻһһµظͰĲ
ȻЩãȻ
뵽һ֪һУô죿
еĸ׵ĺͺֳɵ͵ìһ
е㲻뷽˵Һ仰ģ
ûס߳ţӵķȥ
ҹ¶ء
΢棬ҵҲʱ侲˲١
ߵ˷ķǰͷӦǷû˯
׶ͷģҡͷԣСس¸½¡
ꡭ
Ŵ׶˸Ķ̧֣÷š
һžͱˡ
۾ģտ޹ӡ
һ˲䡭
ۼˡ
СӵĻһӿԺһŨŨھθС
ΪԼ˽еޱȵ


384 Ǿ԰ɣ

᣿
ᣬգգ۾ôˣ
˳ӣָָһԵĴ׶ҹ㣬ҽȥ𣿡

һ£ܿ΢΢ˡ
ӣƼϰڷһѵĶңһЩС
һīط͸Ľ
Ҳע⵽ߣææܵߣ£εЦЦ˵ЩСûʲôÿģ
īط͵С𣿡
ᾲؿɫƽ
𲻸̧ͷ͵͵Ӧһš
ϲ
߽һվǰֲ̧˲ϻûвһۡ
΢΢һ㶣̧ͷᡣ
룬شҵͺá
Ĭ룬ʵ׼Ϊʲôôʣ򴽣̧ͷᣬʵĴ𰸺Ҫ𣿡
ԱҪҪˣشҡ
Ҳǰδе档
ϲġ
ս˽ᣬ˵ģƭˡҲǸմȪûεСˡʮˣ֪Ϊһ˸ӵС飬ǰ顭û취סġҿݸվǰͻеһ
ԣҺȷԼϲġΪҵݡ
üţֻҪһ뵽ԼܸīطнľܵòС
Ȼ̧ͷᶨؿ˵ĻһͰݸһġܷʲô飬ϲҡ
īطݲϲ

ε̾һòϣС˵ĻǶԵġ
Ǿ԰ɡ
ţ
㶵ؿᣬһʱû˼ԣ
̧֣ͷһԺīطһ㲻ϲҲԸһ£ҲеһϲĻԡ
ǡǴ
Ҳ̸ѰɣǴ𣿡
ˣһλᣬīطһλᡣ
ĻһӾ;ˣϲ˵˼ǣҿԸݸһ𣿡
ǣҲûô˵͸ǲǸǱߵһԲȥһԡ
ɫӵؿһԣпܺīطһͷҲ𣿡

ѵ˷
ҧŴ꣬ɫ֡
ʶСӱųˣߴߴ뿪˰ɣڿСͽܺǸīط֮ĸ𣿡
ͣôҲ顢˽
СӲ˵ˡ
ҲСӣķļҪͬһȥɣ֪Ĳ飬Լ϶ҲҪ˵ʲôҪǡлᣬͰԼ鶼˵ˣʲô뷨;߰ɡ
ɫ΢΢ףĻҺͰݸ綼ᱻ𣿡
ӦáϾû̸ҲǸ֪ôͷع֮˵ġλ淨Գһ壬֮
ֻǲ뷽ź
Ầ˰ݸĻһǲһˣҲУ
׻һĨȻ㶼ûǵȥ̽
᣺Ȼúʵ䷴ˣ
ʱеЦãԷ㲻īطݱԼ⣬Ժڵİɣһ⣬ľܾؼȥ˼
ҡȻǲĵģ
ʱòУ͵վ˵Եķʵ̫ˣҳеˡԽ첻ܰݸ˵ʲôҶӦ
Ϊ˰ݸãֻܰϲ
ԸīطΪԼֻ꣬Ҳ֪Լϲ
᣺
Сӣɵĺ£һԸԳ˰ɣ
Ҳû뵽ô롣
ϸ룬ƺҲпԭ
̫ϲīطˣŲԸһ˺
Ļġ
ֲڸĿڣ˵ˣղ˵ô඼Ǻġ
Ҫ˵ڣҲĻˡ
Сӣû뵽㻹֪֮СѾͷ֪ƭ϶ҪŶ
ᳶ˳ǣŷĸ첲˵ܻ᲻ףҾ㻹ӦøļȻһжȥѡԸⲻԸһһףҲԸһأ
šüͷᣬ˵ᣬҾýе֡ΪʲôȻ˵Щǰ㲻һֱҺͰݸ籣־룬ıϵ𣿡


385 ̸

СȻǳѽԽԽúأ
ĵҲ˵οźЦŷ𣬡㲻ǾΪĵʵԸīطԶɣԼҲ˵ˣϲְô˵Ҳǹˣ黹Ǳ˽ġΪȥԺһпܻһӡ
ȥԣһߵ򲻴һأ

ôԽԽһֲ򵥵ĸо
𶼿챻Ūˡ
ļ򣬵ҪԼź̸ѡ

˵껰ת߳ȥˣе㷴Ӧ
ᾹȻ֧ȥ̸
ǲϲʲô˵ķֵܵףԲô
Ĭһ¡
ԱߵĴ׶¸½ҲжϷڵǺõĻǲˡ


ҹĻϹ¹⣬Լ˸ķǡ
һĨӰٵԸСš
ﻹƤߣԸҶ·èںڰ֮С
ϯϣ褺ӭZļӶüֿģֻ֣ܸıƻԸҹˣٳ͵ӡ
ʧܣִӺҪ˲ٵĶҩ
԰ϺԱſڵѾȫĨ˶ҩɱ
ͿԱ߻һѾߣѾ߾͵۾ﴩԸҶ·ΪԼˣæ߹ȥʣ˭ҹ
û˵꣬ذ׾һѾߵϡ
Ѿ߲ţѪȥ
æǰ˴ϵӡ
Ϊ˫̥󣬿Ҳֻܴһӡ
ﱾ뱧Ա籵ģΪԱǷ褺ӭZΨһŮŮ˵ҲһЩ
ֻû뵽ǣ԰ʱ۾͵ֱض
һɫҲѿﻹȾѪذף׼԰֡
Ȼʱ԰Ͽˡ
˺ãҴߡҵ˵ǻΪۣҾ̫ӡҵôô󣡡
һ£߾ذ׵ֶͣһ¡
԰°ڣֵؿ˵ߣұ֤޲֣ԹԵİš

鸴ӼˣͬʱͷҲнŲڽ
ɫһ䣬ֱӱ԰ϣǽ
԰ŤͷͷȻ˯ŵãĵһ
һͺԼصĺ˻ˡ
˼˸кɫһ䣺ô£
ӭZǻ⺢Ӿ̫ӣñСѾͷ󣡡
ɫҲԥߴٵûʱˣߡҿɲ뱻ץһΣ
Ǻ˸Ըİ֣ܵ϶ҲͶ
ؿһ鶼ˣҲûȥӣֻܾ뿪
һԸƻͨ
褿ŷſڱɱѾӣļվסˣٽȥһڵϵѾҲǱһˡ
˶ˣ̱صӭZĻ
ӭZɫѿأأ
С
Ż˯ı˹ɫصСӱ͵ˡ
һ⻰׼ֲס˹ȥ
ӭZŻˣֻܼݣҽ
԰ϱ͵ˡ
ûü˯ԸĹܼǰ÷ϽȥԸһˡ
Ҳˣ첻ѣ˵ʲôôˣ
Ըܼͷ󺹣͵ˣѾ빬ˡ̫ιȥˣүȥɣ
Ҳûιȥôɺܶ˰Ը𣿻ǻϵˣô˽ȥ͵ӣ
費Ҳö˵ҺͰȥһˡڼҺúôţ̫ģµġ
ĻŵòС
СŮҲȥаڣ϶ûµġ
ͷһͬȥԸ
褻ţ̫ҽڸ
ӭZͷˣæ˹ȥ
Сãǵһ˵
ӭZܿͰѽҹ˵һ顣
ɫ΢䣺˭˳ȥ׷𣿡
ӭZѾŲ˸ۡŷֽ˻˸ۡǸۡҶ·ŻŰϺͱ籵Ѿȫɱˣһ
ɱò乬ƾʧ𣿡
ӭZ˵ͷԾа취
У
ӭZȥ˯Ĵһͷ
ӭZĻĵһϲҲܷ׼ʲôͺȥͷˡ
ͯҲųģеˣܿ˼ͷ
ӿռóҶӣͷ棬߶Ҷӱ㿪ʼת


386 

ãҾ˵ġֻȷǴŰĸȥȷǵľλáҲʰᡣ
ҶӼһֶϷɫضԷӭZ͵
ҰẰ
ִӿռ˻Ʒ۵ķɺףòõģɺ׺ܿͷ˳ȥ
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387 ȥʰ

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388 ɽɱ

ﰴԼܳǵʱͺԼĵص񱼶ȥֻ·ͣЪʱ˷Ҳ˳ǣоķǺһġ
װɫЩѿǰ;÷ЩԾ
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389 

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ѯԺСӣܸоԻĳǱ𣿡
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ƲƲֲҪԼ˽ⲻ࡭

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±ᣬŵæڿīطݵĻ


390 츳

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С쵰̫Ƿˣ


391 ù

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ΪǻҪǰѰۡ
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Ե߹ȥʱ򣬸ûʲôӰȴ˱˲ȵĲݴԺͨжϣղŲˣͷ治С
ӦǸͷСӵ
ҲӦòǸаޡ
Ტûиоа޵Ϣ
СӵҵˣӦÿԸ̸̸
ᳶ˳ǣ˵ĵɣû˼ҿǾܵ˵ʲô˵ľҲǺصģײűˡ
ҵȷʵܺ棬һͨͨķˣôɱġòҲʲôķɣ
˭֪أ
СҵĽǣǿȥѰСҲɱ󲢲򵥡ܱĻҪ߼
Ϊʲô
Ϊа޻ûǺӴɱȥ
ԣɫҲˡ
ǵģⲢһ顣
Ҳ˵а޺ǺҲɱˡ
һѾɱаӦź뿪·Ŷԡ
һֿܣɱУ˻ɱ
СӵĻоݡ
ɫҲԽԽأӿŲҪīطݺͷ
ȴũӵĺ棬һӰ
Ķܿ죬Ϣڲء
ڳֵһ̣ᣬīطҲܵˣһקڻ˵ڵλá
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īطݵ˵ͷľݺͷ׳ʿǲûж⣬ֻΪѰɱϣܳһ
ľݺͷŵԣҲ΢΢һ㶡
ԭ˺ܿͻ뿪ȴ϶ԷôͷͲӺ档
ߴսԼеĸͷ˳ŻӶܵľݺ˳ȥ
Ȼøߴ󰡣
Сӵʶͬʱ̾ĻбīطݻڻķСֹôðɶϣҲֲ̫ˣ
ǰ˸ߴͣϣ
һ·Ŵͷ¶Ƥϻвٵ˺ۣƫƫģòӢǷӥӸµŷˣɤ˴ԣɳƵͳ˭˭
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392 һ

ǰĻüͷšصҲûпʲô˴Ÿӽɽ
Ǵôɽģûȥ𣿡
ɱסɱﻹ𣬷𶼾òš
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⻰һīطݺͷ𲻸ţɫҲ΢΢ˡ
һûаͨˣɱд꣬Ҵû¹ɽʲô
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÷˵Ҳ޿ܣԺīطһ£ܲܺλ׳ʿϸ̸̸
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⻰ᵱ¾жϣǰ岻ǴУȷʵʵŷˡ
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ԭҲɽģΪӼգ뿪ȥط
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393 

˵ϵ¹⣬Ҳζͬ
󣬶̲סƤͬīطҪһЩϰˡ
ҪģҲɫˡ
ԷʱͼīطݶԷΪչˣҷһһݸؽīطݣ˹ϵ򵥡
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ҲûţȫһʵĽ¥VIPƣȥԷܴۣVIPķȵȡ
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ûȴ书书ܱǰݸ绹Ҫˣ˺жĴڡ

ֻ뺰һ죬ΪʲôҪ
˾ʹЩó治ҽӽ÷ӿռóһ죬ڴϣ˯
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һˣǸˣȥʳˡ
ֹţ֪ͲӦýɽ֣ȥûȥҪĳӸҧˣ
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Щȫû˯ŵ԰ϸˣҶֻܼװ˯
Ȼ֪һһŮΪʲôһһҹ˶˵֮⣬ûܵ˺
ҲΪȷʵԹԵزֵԭ򣬺˴ʱ룬ʱһЩ
԰Ϻ侲ڱ֮ǰǱ֮һֱţ˿϶Լġ
ҪľǣסԼζ
һ·ϣװñưͻҪưͣ˱ʻش֮⣬ûٿڡ
ֻû뵽ȻԼѡ
԰϶ԱߺúõģȻԴͱһʯͷˣһ̧ͷͶŶЦ˵Сӣӿһ㶼ôƣ˵ǲ˽ӣΪʲôҪ㵱ε̫أ
԰ˣβĻͻʵ۲
СһӾͺڳ˫ȭյط˵


394 м

ȻǺԱ˫̥һ
԰ϴСͱԱ졢ϻۡ
СС;Ѿ֪˺ܶ飬簢ΪʲôǰŮ˺ģ
ԭǱʲѺ乬͵͵ù˴Լȥƹġȴ֪ôӽ䱸ɭϵ乬˳ڴҸٰ̺ܾܵ͵á
ûѹñ͵ˣǺĲ룡
԰ϱ﷢ִģǸһֱܵĺˣǰǴˣһСܷ˶ٵģ֪֮
Լĸף̲ȥ
ҰͰɪȽᡣֻС˲Ż뷽跨ɢ˼Ҷޣ
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ЦһǱѣδĴطʵۣô΢Ұ帾㵱˻ʺЩ󳼿϶ԼҵǧŮͽ󹬣ǣȻ㽫۰ĺӣЩɻºܶãҲкܶĵܵãʱ֣ò룬ֶϾ
Ӧ˽İɣ϶ԼȢôС檣ʱҲҪԼġˣĵܵǾͳû˱ӻϻ»ʺµĵӵŮĵܵǣҲᱻ˵ԼҪ̳дͳģһûĸ̫ӣ˭ɹ̳лλ㲻õʱһֵΪ˻λɱ鷢
һһ䣬˵ķ·ļᷢһ
԰ö΢΢һ㶣ҪΪ죬˽Լˣɶǽñ籣϶ͱŮ˸ƹȥˣ
ģ
԰ᶨȭͷ˵鶼ܻᷢģҵĵ˫ȫĵֻӰһˡҵױ࣬˵Ҳûκļ⡣Զ룬ֻһͷϣȪ
￴С˵øģֻÿЦֿɱ
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ᡢīطݺˣѾ׼ǰѰۡ
ǺȻ뵽ʲôСӣ˵԰ѡ֮ӣˣǲ̻Щģ

СҲû뵽ôһʣǿɡһλյʱûʶģֻλ治ϵƣﵽһĳ̶ȣŻʶ԰ѸղʶɸճӤӤճѡѡ֮ӵķʽҲܼ򵥣ȫƾϲáµѡ֮ӣһ㶼˳˳ˮһ·ҵ֡
λ棬󲿷ͨ࣬ѡ֮ӦҲֻķ룬ţҲԽޡԼʶûгӰ졣
ĻҲЩǵڶ־ǳɵѡ֮˰ɣ
š
Сֿʼ˵ɵŶϸһСľҪڻըġʶѡ֮Ȼң;ȷʵ俲žŰʮһѣԼҪ
أǸģ
Сӱʵ΢΢һ㶣ȻҲһ£ʲôһӶ벻ˣɰͰ͵˵رɣϾܵ֡۾
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ˣ԰ܵ˺ڿƺȫûҪġ
ôţ̬Ҳʮַ԰飬ȫīطݣ˳ѧ󷨳ɹ
ᵱ˦ƹ̬ȣǲ˵ģݸֲһûģ𣿰ᣬڹˣ͵
᣺Ҿ͵֪ݸ絽мͣ
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395  ɢ

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Ϊ˸ղţȻͻһɫϮǿзɢ
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ռһԼϵ·ãƤҲˣ˲ѪǱƬιһǺڷͲʲô磡
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ݸ磬һãȴһ˿ڰɡ
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ȪˮīطݵҲ˵˲٣ˮУ˿ھۿɼٶѸš
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˰ʱµ֮⣬Ȫˮ˵ҩˡ
ݸ磬ϵҲϴһϴɡ
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ţֿһȪˮղȥʱȪˮѪȾˣһʱ䣬ȪˮָֻһƬ峺·ղŵѪȫڹһȪصԾ
ʪյ·ҲǺܼ򵥵ģ˸䣬ϵ·ܿ͸ˡ
һīطҲǾȵģǴŷе㷢㶡
Ҳûˣ˵ݸ磬ǰҵģұȽϱѧĲࡣ
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īطݼһ˵һ̾ģĵ׵ҲǺܸӵģֻԼͰĲ࡭ԽԽˡ
ѧôȥˣֻһͨˡ
īطĬһʷ𣺡ʦѧԽ̸𣿡
ѧһЩ


396 

̡ˣ
⻰Щ⣬ҲеΡ
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֮ǰ˵ģɱȻɾҪһ㡣
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šüͷһҧ˵ҵʱʰᣡӦа취ġ
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Ŷܼ򵥡
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ǺĿʮͰݸǸߵģ˳⸱ģǸأǰ棬ܵһ繥϶˵øҵǣȪˮ˰
īطݵǱ࣬ļ򰲸ʦǱ㻹ǿӦҲܱܿģǲóȻȥ
š
ȻҲģǽʶųռ䣬ȥ̽ͷʲô
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û취ֻ÷˵īطݺԼϲһؽ硣
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īطۼֿ죬͵תԼһóǹ׼ǰļɨ䡣
żӵȥһƺߣϸǸֵͲһգѾκӰˡ
ΣյϢһɲʧǸӰûֹһɢĵѪζīطȷԼǹȷʵǸˣˡ
𼱼īطݣݸ磬ˣ
š
īطݵ˵ͷӦˣǼǰ󡣡
á
սīطݵ֣ಽظ󣬿߳ĳȲӣղǹģʱȫб
ҰݸǾ˰


397 ˩ϰ

ۡ
û뵽ɢŮȻôöԸ
ɫǵѪգؿƾ۵˿ڣֻһ㣬ǹŹֵĽСҪࡣ
ϯضȫȴǽСڱƳȻסԼѨλֹѪ

˻Ƶɤ͵͵һ۾Ⱥ죬׷⼸ˣȷʵм͡
ҪľҲýɱ
ղСѾͷϵģҲоˣȷʵ磬Ĺ˻
˵ɫԽСĶôѶԸĿ϶ҲöԸǳɱ󣬸ϽǺ뿪
ܿ˾˿뿪
һߡ
岢ûзɢ
ɫϮʱʶӣһܿ˿磬ȻһеԻС
ˤ˸ͷۻ
ȹû°ɣ
ʮҲ̫ˣϮʱķӦ½٣ֻһ£ܿͻָˣؿǰˡ
еҡ
ղűɫһ£ڴͷŵ·ãסĵطڲסѪðһɫѪۣҡ
߹׳Ƥģʹ˵ʲô
ǵһӦ뵽˸ñӹסԼᣬҲݺݵشӸߴˤˤżߵԡ
ϵ˵ǲ࣬·ģ¶ļ˼Ѫۡ
û¡
̧ͷһۣͿӣ΢΢üӻóһƿӷǰװȪˮȰ˿ڴһ£
á
û뵽ôϵ˿ڣʱЩ޴룬ӹСƿӣֿһۣһ£
š
ϵĻ֮ɨһȦ˻վŵλãҲʮԶҲ˵ղűܿ˿磬Ȼ󡭡ȴīطݵӰǶռˣ
ԣռûΣˣܿͻɫ粻ˣȴû֣ɢˣ˱ɫˡ
Ѱˡ
ɫеڡ
СӺȻղҿˣԻӦֵˡ
һ£֣˵Ǹŷʣ
ղҪһѣܵȥˣ
СЦ˭֪أҲˡСͽܵδǻԻȵͺˣӦúܿͳ˰ɡ
ԻתƣȲģǵİ취ˡ
ȡȹ

Ťͷͼҩƿӵ˹ллѾˡ
һϵ˿ڣĲ٣ƿȪˮϡ͹ģͨ˿ڣȻַܷϣЧҲǲģ֮ѾֹѪˣʼš
˵ͷӹƿҲԼ˲
һ߲һ̾ǰѾͷȪˮãȥϰϵ˿ھȬˡ
СӿЦҲУ̫˰ɣ
Ǹƶֿ⣬ҵɺ޲˨ϡǰǽ任֮Կ׿۰ֱУƲסȥСˡˣ֪ܲıж˵ԼɪɪǱ壬ҪǱȪţʮô
СӾһ£㾫𣿱ôô󣿡
㾫ûҲٶ꣬ÿʮ궼һ׽٣ȻۡʵϣҾֹٶˣͣ㲻ñͻ󡣱ϾԼ˵ģм俪ʼٶꡣ
˼Լ°ͣ꣬;Լܵ˼壬ʣ׳ʿϢôˣ
ʱȥѷīطݸһˡ
廹ڿԼֱû뵽ҩҺȻôͿĨ˱һ㣬ŶãͿʼˡ
һ£ɻ󣬵ڿʱ򣬻ǶѹȥһԵûˣȹǼ߰ɡ
С
ǰһͬվţһһߵɱղܻٴγ֣ҪҰѱӰ׳ʿϰɣȻҺקܡ
壺̣һ׳󺺣ֵҲͣȻҪһŮȡ
ղΣҲòķӦ죬ˣᵥ־ͽôקԿɼ֮
Ȼе㲻˼廹ص˵ͷȹ㡣
õҲӲϣǰߣĪ޹ĸо
壺ֵֹܾġ


398 뿪

ʱطԸ
Ϊʧٵ飬Ѿû۹ˡ
ɺ㣬ڵģǺһȥ׷ˡ϶϶Ȼش
šüֻ벻ͨǸŵ˵ǱǸۡľ乬ʧΪʲôҺӭZҪ԰ϳ֣
⡭
ɺҲ벻ͨĿĵʲô
ң϶˳ǣ϶вʵҲˣֻҪ϶ʲôӦġ
԰ϻӣ
ɺֱҲˡ϶ûµģǼȻץ϶ֱӶ϶ͱ֣˵˺϶
˺϶Ҫǳܹ֮ʹ
褺ˣԼҲӦǰĴġ
𡭡дϢ𣿡
ǵָʣ˷
ɺҡҡͷգûʲôϢԤУӦúܿˡ
磬ܿ죬Ƕ죿
ֻҪһղ϶ĻŵòУʱʱ϶ᱻĺŮŰ
Ҳȷʵûбİ취ˡ


ɽ
ɽ˯һҹ
԰ֶֿʣǸ˲ڣҳԶ
ݸĶǼװԵģΪŮ֮ǰ¹ƶ׺ܵܲһʬķء
ﵹν
Ϊ˵ԵʣҲ׸԰¹ƶʲôģһ԰ˣñѹԴܻȥԸ͵һ
һοԣڶΣֱͶֲɵ
԰͵ͷ飬￴ҲûֻҪԲԡ
ʱżǺ˴Ѫζ˶ڴ
֪ɽֺܹŹ֣ҪǺˣ㲻԰϶ҪԿˣɫˣæǰ˷סô£ö˶˵ôˣ
ɫһǳٷϻǺӴϣ뿪ɽ
Ҫˣ
ͷԺһ
һԵ԰ȴһضź˿
ǴСͺ˷ͶιȪˮ˵˿ĸط
קߡ
˿һۺ󣬾ͽòεذǰأȻҲ԰
һ˾ֱˮһˡ
԰ϺŤͷֶһˣ߶Ҳ㣬㣬Ҳ߲ɽ֡
֪ǿЦ˸ͷ
ΪˣҲá
ԺҲͽߵģɱ󲢲õģ֪αܿҪضԼγ󣬵һɱУȻҲΪˡ


īطݺͷһߣԻ󣬸߳īطݾͲ֮Էа취ҵʦ϶ķλڷ仯ƶ
ƶǸ˴϶Ҫߣ
Ҳǡ
īطݵɫ΢أһʮֹĸо
԰ϺԽԽ
뷨ϵᣡ
𽫷׭ֽ׷˳ȥǺֽ֣ײŷɳȥһ·ľ룬žߴӰеˡ
һЩɵۣæܹȥֽףţ·󣬾ͷϴȦȦˣ÷ƣŤͷͰ͵ؿīط˵ݸ磬ɱֽײã·ˡ
īطݣû뵽ֶҲ·
ǾȵȣҸо϶ԽԽˡ
ô˵Ǹ˴϶ˣֻҪþУ
Ҳ
īطû취ȷϾУ̫ˡ
ǾȲؽռɣ
ֽ˻֮īطݽ˿ռ
īطǿͷģֻɷת
ֻǣռīطݶ԰ϷλĸӦҲűˡ
˴ʱҲûκһӰǰ·
ЩˣҪǳȥ
ٵȵȡ
ðɡ
ôһȣֹȥ˰ʱ
ǵȲȥˣȳȥˣȥʱ·ԭ·ûбԻ󣬶īطݳʱɫ΢䣬϶ԽԽԶˡ
𲻸ţôܣһֱطҲûʲô˳֣ôԽԽԶˣ
īطҡҡͷҲʮֲ⣬Ǳҵʦˡ
š
ֽ׶ϰᣬҲֻӲͷƤǰˣǰԶ԰ϵĸоԽǿҡ
īطͣ˽ŲŷתҾӦ԰Ͻ
һƣˣ԰ȻȥҲҵᣬ϶ķߣ㲻ûҵ϶ֻǺ˸оܲöԸ
īطһͷεҵˣôԸɡ
ţߣ


399 ԸԸ̸

˴죬ȻûʲôԻ󣬵͸ɽת˴Ȧһһ
֮ǰȥʱҲ߹ܶ·Ǳ߻ִһ
һָῴȥǡ
ššü˴죬Ҳûʲôƽʱй̶Եص𣿡
ɽ갡ôܶٶٳ⣿
ɽϵĶҲж١
Ӧ㲻ÿգԵһֻ˶ɽĻһЩҳ伢
᣺
оĺܲҡ
СӶ̲סܲңʵ̫ˣɱаɱͷĶҲǻеģȻûޣһͷܴУԵ⡣ŷİɣ
᣺ˣ취ͰѾͷϡɱŹֽ֣׶ɲѰ졣
еֽףȻҲУһһͼϵˡ
Ҳǰ֮ȽҪƷһ㶼ԼЯˡ
СӵеѰŶϾСͽҲû취ͨ
ֻʣһͷʶӳȥ
ܿϧĳ̶ȡ
ڵòС
Ա߸ţƳ˵ȥҲǰ취ȻľǱȥ
ԭŸἸҵʲô󣬽һֺɫŪɢˡ
ͲɽһҲǰȹΪȹһܵǰɣ
һ飬˵Ҳͦеġ
īطݻпռ䣬ߣҲ׹ȥһ£ٺۣȡҵ


硢磡
磬ıӣ۾ﻹڿռ﷢
һԿ鼮īطݼ״æ˹ѯʣôˣ
ûʲôǱе
Ҫ˵
ˣȪˮ£ȫˣӷһӣ˵ǴûСòУȻҲ
ΨһĿܴǱ߶ˡ
īطͷ£˻ʣǲеˣ
ĻůʶøһЩƵӦһ˵оҺûð϶ǻ˴ˣǻô׷ϣ׷ϾˣɱȥΣء
˽գѾԻˡ
Ҳīطţ󣬷ͷ
ĻīطݱɫۣǸ
ţ
̧ͷƯ°ͣ㶵ʣݸ磬ʲôǸֲǽɱġҹΪ˰æ϶õǸҲŶԡҪҼֲͲҲˡ
ԽԽɥԼûõĽˡ
īطͷ°͵ͷһ㣬Ͳðˡ
㹻ǿ󣬷ַӾܽ԰ϸ׷
⻰ļ΢˫ȵֱ۶˼֣оԼԽԽȡ
ݸ̫ˡ
ݸϲİɣ
ﶼ鲻Խ뵽˵Ļһԣúõȥ̸
ݸ̸
оһӽżܵͷߵе̧ͷˡ
īطҲоԽԽСͷ˫ϥһֱ񣬺޲ðԼȫɳ¶ĶøҪѪһ
һ£æʣû°ɣ
ҡû¡
΢΢ԲȣߵòС
īطΪܵÿˣʱҲ۵òУæȥͷᰲ𣬱ѹ㲻Ӧôģ㲢ûңԼҪġ㿴ҲȫˣֻҪټּ֣һ߳ȥġ߳ȥ󣬲Ǹа޴϶ȥҶһ϶һ
ɤԭ䣬ֻȾᣬ紺ϸ꣬Ķϡ
ĳŵͷ˼̧֣ͷһ˫ʪؿīطݡ
īطݿ˫ᷢӣһɳ˲٣Ÿ𣿡
ţҵȻţ
ˡ
˵ĺöԡ
ݸôãͷһֱζŲµˡ
úõ̸Ժڡ
ˣӿֱؿīطſٱЦӣʣݸ磬ʵһҪ㡣
īطݣţ
һЦСʵ㡭ԸԸ̸
īطԣͫһʱͷ𣬲ŵؿǰŮ


400 ϲ

ԣݸ磬˵Ҫôżشҡ
˵仰ѹͲ̧ͷȥīطˡ
ôȣţǡȫû뵽˵Ļɣǰݸʵûжϲֻǰöѣ
Ļ˺ܿˡ
ܾᣬҲԸΥģȻѾ˵ˣǾֻܼȥ
Լܲ඼Ǹɾˣݸ㲻̸Ҳεˡ
һ̥ǸŵƬλչ¶˳ٴ̧ͷīطݡ
ʱƺѾѹ£ɫҲָ糣ؿȥĻ
ҡһиҪ߰ݸ㡣
ʵҺǶһҲһˡݸ磬ϵʲô̥ǣƬҲ˵֤
ϵ̥ǣ̧ͷһ˲䣬īطݾע⵽ˡ
ƬʵǵһοֺܶΣῴѺɫ̥ǿۣΪԼĻþȴġ
ʱ˿̣īطݾԼĺǽģҶ˵˵ֻܾؿŷСһһϣеһУһظ
ʵҾһ𾫣ȻͶ̥˰ĺӡռ䰡ȪˮȫҵģǰġȪˮҳɾǰͳɾľȻˮġ
ϵ̥ǡҪɽٵģÿʮҪһ׽٣ȥĻҵϾͻ᳤һƬƬƬо֮áǵõ갢ſڵʱҾƬѰȻˣ
˵ʱ̲סͦСţеСӣ˰־˰Ⱳȷѡ
īطûдĻעϵƬָ̧֣ḧ¡
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СҲûٸīط˵ʲôϡŹֵĴ
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ǡݸ磬ǲһģ֪ɣǰͬ˵öµġʲôߴǸǸġһ𣬾ͺпĳͽ䣬ɢ
šüͷʮֵأڿЦ
𡭡¸һ𣿡
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šº˰ݸ硣ݸϲҵİɣǡҲûϵҵᣬҲа취Ѱݸļȥ£ݸͲǵͬ˵Ļˡ
Ƿո뵽ķӡ
īطǲϲģǾСû˵ĻһãҲˡ
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Ȼ⻰īطݣɫȴڳһӾסСʹ̧ͷԼ
𡭡
ţ
Ҳ뱻ȥ䣬ΪϲһϲŰ㡣
š
Բ۾ֱ㶵ؿīطݡ
īطݿɵ㶵ģһؿɰͷůȣڷĶͷһǣƵûҲϲŰ𣬲ܰʲôϲ»Ҳһ𡣡
⡢ô
оԼȣ̣òС
ӻеκ
ݸ˵ϲġ
û飡
𡭡֪ǰԼȥʲô𣿡
ţ
ɻؿ
īطıӣصЦ߰㣬ж໶ϲ㣬㣬㼰ѾȲҪȥˡ
ᡢף
⡢Ҳ̫˰ɣ
̵ֹ̹ģͰ˵
Ÿտʼ̸̸ôôͳס
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ǵ̸̸þ̸ðɡ
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µ룬īطſµףҲС¹Ҵһ
ܹȥ꣬żīطݶãˣͱӡһӿĵˡ
ţǾͲ
īطݿЦţظͷ΢΢յĶԵ˵ʲôʱףǾʲôʱ򣬸綼ġ
һȣһٴδӽŵӿͷص˵ͷκ˵һ䣬á


401 ˮ

طǣҡ
Դӷļ֮ÿ͵Ͻȥס
Ҳ´Լɷ˵һ
ɲûͬ⣬ԭ̫çײ̫ʱˡ
ǳ뾩Ҹβãʹȥ˾Ƿҵݣ룬ǼҲ˻׹ݣ˵Ǻ¡һǷ˲ãҪǴȥָЦǿͽ᷽ң
ΪҺʵһֱһһӡߵλãʵףԼҷּӣҲǲ֪ڼǸˣԼҷҲԽȥ
⻰æôأүǲ˽ҽˣˣοҿΨһѪˣôܲأ
ȫԼͬĸһѹǵһɶˡ
˲ǵãȴǵãĸӣҲòС
ʲôΨһѪףǷзңŮʲôʱ˼ΨһѪˣˣ˵㣬ʲôʱܸĸϲԼë
ˣ
⧣ֻһȹȥ
ǰĿ죬ȻٴĵӣҲ
ϾӲ檣ʮһյɵ˲ˡ
ɡǡҡҾͬϰôȥˣҼЩʲôҲ֪ģҿɾֻʣһˡ
Ȼίģȷʵִˡ
Ȼʱŵ£Դĸ֮󣬴󲿷ʱΪʲô⣬£Ҳû˼çײȥϣǻѯ˼
һ㣬ϲòС
˵Ҳǡ
̾һ§Լҷˣ˵Ϊ֪˼һ⾩ҲǾĿףףȷʵиӦǺݣ治óȻȥףûϯף߶һҪϯôһ·ҶҪǣ˵ûϣǰ;ҲҪǡ
һ¶пӰ쵽Լɷǰ;˵ľ͸εˡ
ҰģöȢŮ޻ӣǰɲԼɷǰ;ȥ
ǰӾ䵽ƫԶСݣԼɷȡӹٽһ¾Ѿʮֿء
Ϊ߹ϵﶼòˣŷɷߵһ
Ƿ˶ǮʮĹмʮأ
˾͸Ȼ䲻һˮһȶѾȴһ롣
¶֣ؿǿǡֻ֪ģ֪ǸҵĹϵ󣬶ЩС
Լˣɷǰ̿ɹϵ뱲ӵ
Ҳģͷһ̸̸ͬȷʵðǴطǣͬǰڵСطпһĿΣվ
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֪
һ⻰뵽ټǱǵӣ붼áˣ߳ܡ
ͬ飬پڶ顣
Ů޻ӣҲ£úõسıһ
ţշҺԸǱߣֳ˵顣
˺ȻʲôͬԼҷ˵ȥЩСˣʱ֪ģҺԸ⼸գͣŽյģܶвڰء
Ҳǵ飬⼸վͰһУͷˡ
գЩӵģҲܸоԼұǲͬѰ״̬ɽ֮У½Եʱ򣬶ԽС

ﱳʲô
⼸գûȥμСǵĽᣬ˳ЩīϢ
Ȼ֪īطĴطǹǵճᣬܶҪύīطݶ޴֣ΨһܺīطʶĻᣬҲϴλСӵˡ
ҲԽƶҪͷ׵ľ
ֻиףܽˮ¥̨ȵ£ӽīطݰ
ܿ죬Ͼнúݺݵظһˮ
ţīСӵĻԼ׾˾˶סƵõȻϴͻ顣
ǰҲ˵飬ϾλīСӵ
ֹҪ껰֪
֪鰡ЩͰż֣ץ
ʲôͻ鰡
ϵĿСɾȻֻܵȱ´ͻ飿
ûϣĸоˡ
Ͼ֮ŮطǣĴ޹Ůʵ̫ˡ
šüͷܻš


402 ˺ܹŹ

ʹ鷿
һ۶ϣɫһţǹһĨЦ
һ壿
īֻͷʧʱʼݱòԾīһȥ׷£ҵ˶һЩһӸǴõ˹һϢ񣬰հݵķԸīһǰܵ۶Ѱһλз󷽵ˣ˱ǹһСԹһ˽࡭հݵ˼ǰ֮ңȵۺ̫֮͹һѲ˸ϵ
īط֪Լθһȥ׷аޣΣգ»֮ǣ㽫дż㣬ī߽ī֡
īֵ֪һкȻҲ֪¸ϵش󣬲һȥģ˼һ󣬱ż˹
ţīֵ޻µ顣
īֵ˵ͷȫƾ
һī֣˵һ仰㡭ûвҵĹŹ֮
īһ㶣ºδԣ
ܲΪ᲻ãô׼һӽɣ
īֲҹͬԼСԷѾͷ̬ȣҪȢģҲīҺͷңһˡ
㻳ɣɶ
ˣ
ǰ㣬޶ԷҲûж⡣
īֵɻ󣬵ֻǹİݣҵһ¥һЩ顭ȻΪŹֵĻǷҵѾͷͬᡣ
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ǡ
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֪ףҺ׿ֻܽء
¼̳˻λҲһֻһ˵ԭ򣬲Ҫνĺ󹬣ҲļҵĹ
̫ܶˣֻĹȹ̳٣ͿλӭZʵۣԼ̶԰Ϊһλʵۡ
֮ǰļƻˣҲһֱɵؽš
ֺһб㱻ˡ
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ǡ
ҲӲڸԼ˽ģ׻һĨȻƶϧһдۣߣ
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̾һЦЦǱ¿ԣͻ飿
ѾͷͰݣ
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š
Ҳôġ
ϾԼ˵ˣΪѰѾͷ
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΢
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ɽ
īطڿռﻥ׺󣬸Ѹ¡
߳ռֵ֮ġ
šȻ֮ǰҲ֣Ŀȫͬ
ǰǷֹīطΣգܼʱͽռա
ȷϵѹͲɿ֡
оﴫȵ¶ȣ˶һ˿˿ģġ
ǰôҲ벻̸ӵĸо
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𡭡
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ǡǡ
ǰкܳһ·˵֮ǰģվ룬϶ߵķǰУܻɽһ㣬ǲġ
šüͷʮְգô죿Ҳˡ
ǣһҲûᰡ
īطͷġӦúܿܳȥˡ
˵ţĿɨǰĳλãȻǸڳһֻѩ׵ĿɰСӡ
𣺡СӴҵ


403 ȥ

𲢲ûʲô桯ζ
ֻһΣܾģǺʵĸо
īطĸһֻӣɽɱ߳ˡ
ǰǼǰɽڡ
ģˣ
ӻеκŵؿīطݡ
īطɽ£ɽ崦̣ƶص˵ͷȷʵˡ
ɱ壬ûˡ
Ǽ̤ԻУҲûƼʲô̡
ԡݸ磬ǵôģ
һ±ơ
īطͷЦԼǰĺɣ
ĬĬ룬ʵûԸ
īطݵ룬Ϊǽ𣬲𣿾˵ģʲôŷһȣȻҲ

Щţôһ˵Ҳе㲻˼ˡ
ܿ뵽ᣬٴεǣǰôأλ磬ͷֲ󷨣ѲҪһ棿
ڡ⼸Ұʦ󷨵伮ѾˣɱۣӦòС

⻰ԻˣУôܣⲼˣԼɱôˣ
Ȼ󷨲ǺܶҲûе۰
ҵǾãɽɱ󣬸ĳֻأҼ𲢲ǺܸߡΧתתܲҵЩʲôء
š
ȻǾúԻ󣬲īطݡ
û취˭Ұݸ̱أ

ɽڡ
صľ֮취ˡ
СӵȻҺ㱻ȰҵʶǱǿôһЩԿ԰㴫ѶϢСͽܣʱޣʮӣ˵Ļ׼ˣٴȥ
΢΢üֻܵ洫ţ
ҲԽѽСͽܵʶ㻹ôͻ󷨣
ðɡ
Ҳûİ취ˣ󷨡
СӺٺЦʲôѽֲһͷǻи׳أҲįˡ
Ŷ˼ǣҸɴˣ޵໹ʮµӡ
СӿЦʮ²㹻С˰
㣡
ˣв²룬ôˣҲ֡
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Сʵûо⣬Ͼ᱾ǸŮϵˣǲŽеùء
ᷭ˸ۡ
ЦܵģҲûˡ

΢΢̧˼ؿľͷ塣
ֻ֮Ҫʱ˾ûӣǰȥһЩŪֻӻ׼˵ĳʳ
ûпռ䣬ЯƷҲ࣬龧ȴ㹻ġ
ҲۣҪǿͻɱֻĻܵøһЩȽصĴۡ
СĬĬΪ룬ֱ𡣡
᣺
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СӵһǽܴλλãҲʮ£ʱֱˡҪΪ䣬𣬵¸λܻܲҡ
Ҷ
ȴԸװ׺ķʮµʱ䡣
һԣ龧в٣󷨲߼ҵΪǿƣӦðõ
~ʱµΪʶ𣬵һλ棬Ҷᱣס
С⵹˵ʲôŵֻǻٶѡ
ʹˣ
Ҳ֪һ㣬ԲŸðա
Ǿȸ
գ
ɽ⣬۵ķȻһԺռȥ׼ǿд󷨣
һ仰ˣקסǰ滹۵īطݣ˿ռ
īطЩ֣ɻؿôˣ
Ҹոսӵ˰Ĵ˵ҪǿдɱȽռһ㡣
ǿдƣ
īطݾȣ⡭У
֪˵ҪôӦǿԵġǶΪģϻвٵ龧ԲҲǶ߼󷨣
龧Ǻ
īطݵעܿͱˡ
棬ͽǰ͵龧ݸЦϡұҲӯҵܳӯţǾ龧أ
˵ʵڷǰ˵أΪߵ˵Ҳֻ֮ͨá
īطݵͷŵ龧
һƯɫʯ̲֪ȴ֮䣬ܸоǹ


404 

顪
īط˵ŻҲûע⵽ռ
һ죬ܿɽļʯͷڲš
ռڵīطȴоֻڷ㶵ؿĳ
ᵯһ·Ķͷʣôˣ
Ѿѽƿˣȥ
Ҳû龧īطݵУֱӽͷ
龧Ҳīط˳
˳ʱ򣬾Ըоǰɽȷʵһˣһۿȥʣʲô֣ǻȻ̨
ˡǲ֪ôˣ
վԭɽͷţеɽȥˡ
ģȻѾˣʦܿͻɽˡֻҪžͺˡ
ţ
ȥ˿϶ʱ䣬Ҳûţһֱֽ׸˽ȥ
ҲԸ·
ộ϶˲ٵ뵽龧¾͸Ჹˡ
ֻǺͷе㲻̫һ
īطɽµ˲һʱȷʵƼ˴ɽˡ
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ᣡ
𼱼ææǰȥ壺ǼҰôˣ
üҸЪŵĵطͬǽ͡
ã
˵ͷͺīطݸĲӡ
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īطֻܰο᲻µġ
ĪĻţΪ˰Ǳ߶Ѫ
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Ȼ֪Ƶһ˲䣬԰뿪ĺҲ͵һѪŲģֱˤڵȥ
״ǰ͵һ£ôˣ
Ťͷһ˫ڳעɽķû뵽Ǽ˾Ȼôı£ֱӽɱƳˣ
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һһǵѪգȥѰƥ
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԰˴ܵô죬Ϊ׷ˣġ
԰ϲΪûз˵͡
ºˣԸһС׾١
֮һ·ȻҲȫƾһɣҿ޺Żᱻôš
Ⲣ롣
취ġ
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԰ϳ棬ĵҲں棬˭
Ϊ׳飬ҲǷߵģΣҲؾ뵽˷
ֻķĵǵĻǻԲѵᡣ
ɽ󣬼˺ܿҵһԸüЪŵũ彫һ·˴ϡ
Ŵչȥɫܲ԰ףȫľˣˣΪ˵ļ󣬾ǣ·ˮˣܱҲܵˣ
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Ҳ˲ô࣬ռ龧óֻսˡ
ԭЩ֣Ǻģһֱܵǣ»ˣҲܿıȥ䣬֣һξȻղˣ
ʱʧɫ
һԵڿʱ򣬺Ȼһ죬žľӴϹˤϣ˺ܶѪɫҲʮѿ˺ܾãץҵ˵һ䡮ɽ
ѾȷΪʲôˣҲϽιȪˮ
ڣ龧ղˣȪˮǿԺȵġ
ԽԽ˵ˮֱҪɱˡ
磬鷳ȥҸ𣿡
Ťͷ
˵ͷתͳȥˡ
īطݼ״Ҳ˼֣Ÿȥ
˿ռŵȪˮС
Ȼʱԭĳ˴СˮСģȻԳԭεļơ
ֻһΣ
Ϊ󣬰ᶼԼûˣ
ġ
ȻԺһһ
˭
Ȫˮﱧᣬ龯ܡ
СÿҾ㻳ﱧŵ˵ġ޳裿ſôɡ
ͷ˿ѾСһᣬò¿ɰװ۵ģᷢСʹ뵽˼СŮԱ籡
̾һСǡᵽô£а취ðָ𣿡
СһܣԼġ󲻽Ϊʶ𣬵ջĲһʦһöСŮ
Բ۾죺ʲô˼
ϵ˼ۣ˵ˣŰɣҲءúúϢϢ
˵⻰Сͳû
Żᣬʱһͷ


405 ֵ

ˮĺء
˰Сʱֱˮ´ӤģֹͣС
Ȼ𶼿޳ˡ
ᣬ类ԭأ

ͷīطݻά
ͷѾѴˡ
ȷʱһɥģīطЩۣæʣˣ
⣬ûҲûԭΣСˣӤģҲҰȪˮﱧͷŰɡ
ҪôӦ
һŷ׭īطݵõʱɰΪ˶Ŀðһɡ
š
īطḧͷοʦôµġ
Ըܿѹ
׭עһֽīطݸǰˣ˸һģһȴŲûʲôġˡ
֪Щ죬ΣīطݿˣҲû̫ľȡôܰԼúͷһ
ߵߵ
æֽȥʾīطݿȥˡ
īطݴţΪ̫ܵæԵʣɫ죬󺹣ٵ˵īӣˡ
īطݵ˵ͷͬлôš
žƼڴһᣬЩ죬˵ֻ֣㶵˹ȥ
λ岻ʣ
ָڴᣬºѯʵ
˵ͷ쿴ղѪ
ϸɸɾҲûʲôѪҲûʲôΪǷոոˡ
Ҳˣվīطݵ࣬Ǵֽῴ
īطݴյʵû⣿
ֻõǷ׭ǰ׭õǰѪҺûʶ֮⣬һ졣ǿʲôġ
īط΢΢˵ͷģǾͺá
ĿҲȽϼ򵥣ȰŪȥ
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λȻѪ岢޴󰭣ϢձԡܵЩţ׾ѣԿһЩҩá
˵ͷǾ鷳ˡ
˰ֿ֣һúֵᡣ
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ԣҲûƴǣͰѷǮˡ
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īطĿڴλãæԱ籵ͷѪעԵʣѪԵǣĸоʮǿңӳŵڣָ԰ϱߵķǰС
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ΪأϵѪǣҲ֪õʲôʱһһȻûӦأ
ãã䣬õȥ԰ϣ
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ţ
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ڿռᣬţͲˣȪˮôõȪأָ
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ˣõĺܡ
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ã
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ǲҲӦûؼһˣ
ԡ
ûмˡ
ӵļң
ԳҡҡͷתӣطҲǽסũģһߣҲû취Ǿ뿪Ϊá


406 ̸

ϷһպѰ˸ȽƫƧ֣㽫ֽս˿ռ
īطҲռϢ
īطһռ䣬ͿȪˮƮŵӤȲѣʦ
ݣŪȪˮƯ棬˯Ӥ̾ǰֲǴֻȪˮţܲܰΪ޸
ĩˣֽǸСīط˵ˡ
īط΢΢üһͬ˯ˡ
š
ŻﱧŵĿɰСӤûᣬӤģپµСʹҲཱུģ̲סȥ˴
ôŪӤ˫ɽգǻкĻҪΪˡ
īطͷϢʦָģȪˮôʦǿľٶҲȻ뵽˺ҪģֻǴ׷ϰϡ׷ˣʦҲͲѹˡ
Ŀǰ˵Ŀ꣬ǽ԰ϣѪǣˡ
Ҳ˼ȻǳӤҲûϣܿͽӤ·ȪˮУȻīطݲȪԱߣĻȪˮƼһƮƮȥ
е棬ȥ
˵ʦı壬ľȻ
ΪҲģ͸һžʲô鶼īط˵ˡ
˵ͷǰľȻɾģҴöࡣ֮һΣͬһɽġɽҺܶණҾͰʦܻϲԳҰְ֡ţǵ˼ҲһֱôöùĿⶢš˵ν˵ĿҾò˼֮ҾͲٽˣǸһᣬտʼҲ⣬ֲңôˡ
īطţ׾Ͳ׽˹ؼʣǣ
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ֲһġ
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īطݻǵһ˵ɫ΢΢һ䣬ŮѡǲʼδҲ̫Щ
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ʲô̸̸ֻ˾ͷֹ֣īطݴܲˣҲô롣
ǣҲûװ
ˣţڿɲŮѵ״̬ģԶ׳ɻʲôģҲңŮͦõģ̸̸
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ʧˡ
֪ôϲӦԥôãڰգӦף׶ģ
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Ͷô˵żֳ󣬶ʱ͸Сèһ£ģЩ֪롣
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īطݣ֪ݴʱ˿̵顣
Ҳ뵽ǰͬԼ˵ģ
;
Ӱ˰رŷ𣬵ǰҲ̸ֵֻһֱͬһҲ¡
Ҫģûʲô
ֻǲ룬ϱһһ˹ѩ
ָо裬ֻʱôһϣ
һǹ¶һˣаˡ
оǵ䣬°ݸ˼æŤͷݸ磬롣ûҪ֡Ȼܳףǻǿ̸̸ֵһҲûϵ
ʲô֣
Ұݸô㣬Ҷ֣


407 ̫

̸һӵ
īط仰ֻԼǹƲסˣĿȫӣҪ˶ﶼȺ
ԼѹϲĻӦڻСѾͷĶϣãǾģ̸һӲֵ
ֻҪֿܲʲôԸ⣡
ҲܿģȻǰݸˣֻҪǰݸ磬̸壡
ʶСӣ
ؿһڹ
Сӷ߷ߵʶţ㵹ǸϽѹٲѹҳԹҪˣ
īطСʵ̫á۾ˡ
Ȼʶôô֣ûҪס
ʶ嶼ڻ޸ţһʱ²ۡ
ڵȻȻʶ˵Сӣÿ춼īطᡭ
īط̸Ҳû¡
·īطݲõԼ԰ԽԽˡ
Ҳ˯ȪˮһʶӤС壬˺ü¡
Ƽ󣬱ʮڴѺԼС˵ӡ


طǡ
ͽյʱ䣬ִ˳ſڡ
ޱȵĵ۶ſڣĵ׵ڴȻ˼֡
뵽ǰ˵ģ۶Ľ¥ҿģζȸࡣ˼գûǮ·ͽ۶ΪǮԷ
⼸춼ûôԺá
оǰԵɽҰζûзŵϣһζûˡ
ҲЩƵϸ˰ɣ
弱Ҵҵ˳ǣ˳Ǻ󣬱סһѯʽ¥ȥ
ˣǴųѲߵķȥſڿȱ·
ǰѯ¥ȥĺúǸߴϸϸһͷǰĺӲһ㣬ǴӹˣԲ࿴˼ۣѯʵȥ¥ʲô
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ŶŶĽ
ǵģ
ǴֵӺδǴطҽ¥ʵطǱߵĽ¥Ǳҡ

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ʲôҲңҾ˵¥˺óԣĽġҲϵ
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С
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屻ʵ΢΢һ٣΢΢ü״˼־֮ɫǰĿӡ
üۼ䣬ȷʵͷмƣӵƺҲûʲô⡣
룬һ֮ԵֻϣһС
ϾסӣһԹȻֿ϶ǽģ˵̫ࡣ
ȻҲζ˵˼ˣһѯʣλСߣɷиīӣȹ
ĵ׾ȣȴԳֻǾؿŷ
ߺþûյ˵ϢˣҲżĲУ˼СãȻ̲סҪϢ
ǣҲˣֱӶ̹׵λֵܣʵղ˵ķСҲҵãλīӣҵĵܵܡǣ֪³ţѾûͬǼϵˣһӶǷǳ
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ϲǻʲô඼ˣʹȥ˽¥
飬
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ҪĳŲȥˣԼܰѽ¥еƲȫˣ
ĻɫҲɲ̫ãУѡ
ĵǣΪȥ׷飬ڰ˵Ҳʲôû뵽϶˾Ȼô᲼ʲôɱ󣬲㽫С
ֲüˣѶ
ԼĻɫͲˣһߵˮһ߰Сֵ赣ǣȹȻˣҲƹˣ˵ûʲô󰭡ɽ֮󣬺ܿˡ


408 

磬֪ȥˣ
ûбӵˡ
һĪѪ֪ʲôɱйأӦΪ
ΪԼīطŶҲжٱ£ô׷ȥˣܰȻ
Ѿ̲סҪ׷ȥԮˡ
ĻҡҡͷҺͷСˣƼˮֵ꣬ʱҲδҪطǣҲ˵ѡԲ֪˵ȥ򡣡
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ɫһƵʵڲУŰ𲻻ôø¸ƽš¸£ƺʲô⣿
磬ط𣿡
屾޴ȥԭ¥ЩʳһԣͲˣ˷ЦЦ˵ӦûᣬѯСֵܣ¥˲
ղ¥ʱǿƸģдƸ̨ӹ԰סһ¶ӡ
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忴һѾԼԵĸɸɾʮˣȻЩ˼
ɽͷʱθҲûôҪﲻ׽
һɽеĳԣֺܺóԣе̲סڸ֮ˡ
ԣ̲סʧЦô⣿ȻСֻһ֮ԵϻСƵϰԿƷҲǱСõϿɵġ
¥ȷʵƸ粻ªֶ࣬ɡ
⻰ʮ泩û뵽ǷСĸ羹Ȼô˵
ţҲ͹ˣ
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ߵƹǴͷƸģԭҪӹƹְ񣬵Ŀǰѧϰ׶Σûô֡
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Ҳˬ졣
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ãͷֵˡ
ţҾȸˡ
ְͬ塢ƹ˵𣬾¥ȥˡ
ƹȻҪȥͣ˼˵һ䣺Сߡ
һ㶣ΪԼˣƹ򣬡ղ˵С㣿
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ԣ֡
ΪǿθģʵǿǸŮɰ
´ƼҪúͬǸˡ
ƹЦʵ׳ʿǸҲûʲôС㲻ϵġ෴ģС㷴ϣ㺰һСֵܣװ磬ͷҲȽϷ㡣
˵ջ켣жӰ᲻ã󶼼޲ȥ
ЦˣλǴطµյŮ֪жϸҵŮأ
ңеʥϵʥּڣ˭˵Ļ
ҲˣԷҲ˼͡
ƹߣҲΪǷԴģ˼ӡ
Խ˴¥ˣԸס͹
ЩܳϾ˾ӪԼԼɽľ֮⣬ûסôõӡ
ƹҲǣҵ˼¥ܵطǣһйģհطǵġҪǽ¥Ҫٿ˵ġֵȱֵʱ׳ʿǽǵȼü֮
Ϊͷһ֪Ǻ֡
¥ճ⻹㲻ʲôʱ˸òƸ룬鷳
ӹһģȻ󲿷嶼᲻С
ټϽ¥ѡùʮֿ̣еڶû
ģƹľһԲô˵òУ̬Ҳ
忪ʼԹһ磬Ҳȷʵûƹĺͷʧ


409 Ϲ

õϢ󣬾ͼæؼȥˡ
Լ壬˵ȫͬ˵һ¡
꣬üչĲѣҺðҲһͬȥˣǻһֱǸġˣҲܰǰչ˺á
˵ͷһ㣬ȷʵȽͬ
ϾīطӣܱȷҪһ꣬㹻侲ûôб£Ҳڰ嶯ʱ򣬰˸
ǣڵǵȥ
취ҵǡ϶Ҳ֪ôˡ
Ϊ϶飬ѾѻˣҪûϢ
Ϊһĸףһ뵽Լĺͷ߷롢ܺùȥ֣
šüһҲûķӣֻŰǣȡ
̾һֻˡһҪȥһԸߴʹ򡣡
Ϣ֤϶ƽġ
˲ûз׷ֻҪٵȵȣҲѶϢˡ
ӭZ˷ϢֻȥɽǱ߲飬û˿ĸǰȥ˸ϡ
һƣ⣡
ȷʵǺ⡣
ҪķѵҲ̫ˡ
ӭZֻ빬ˡ
˽԰ϴعԴȥ԰ϵ뺣ҲԴ̵߽Ҫ԰ΪӭZҪĻʵۡ
һӭZҲҲûԼĶʲôϣֱ̫ˡ
ҵ룬϶ôС׵ģѵӦøõƣȻƽ׸̫ϻ㣿
ԺӭZʵˣ־Ҫơ
ֻ񣬵ȴʧЧˡ
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ȣаޣ
ӭZԼģλͬĸֳĵǳεģҲûȫгˡ
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ͰϵĹ֮Ҳ˽ڣ˵˸һλʦѧϰ
ԣɫָôŰӣȷʵ·׷Ѱñݾߡ
ӭZȻ
˻֣ˣӭZȥˡ
˳ȥī


īط׷԰ϵķ˴¡
ܲϢͲϢۼаҲԽԽˣỹûӳ˯״̬ѹ
գڿռ˵ķīطݣһǣѰһҿջЪϢ
һԷǻҪϷоɫ΢΢һ䣬ǿɲʲôõطλСǲҪȥĺá
īطݺͷһ⻰ˣΪΣ
ջС⣬һŵϷоǱһطˣϹȡǿɲһȥĵطžסϹȵ˶ʮֹ죬ҹѪڣר⣡ЩϹȵؽˣЩָԵˣ
֣
˵档
û뵽ѲҲͬࣿ
ǳ˵֡
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Ϊˣ
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ɲô
Сµ㿴СǣҲǽϹˣٿһ㣬˶Ϲͷĸ֮ˡǳԭö෨ʦģȥ޻ءԽɵϹȣˣҪǵСпܴŭϹͷĹԣһԲҪôǿ籩꣬Ҫôɺˣ
еǶϹԽˣʵûϹͷȥ𣿡
ҿɾͲ֪ˡ
СҡͷǰϹһǣѯʵĻ˶һȰ˵λҪ롣
īطݶһۡ
ϢҲ̽ˡ
С˵ģ̲ס߶λɲѧЩ۵ģȥϹ
ģֻ·ѣȥʲôϹȵġ
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СһǮͣȻǸ֣Ҳֻ·Ļ˵˲ٹϹȵĴԸ
ýζʲôϹȵ֣Һīطݾˣҹͼǰаޣǲǰ԰Ϲ
ҹʱīطݾ뿪˿ջ
ȻߵĳʱͿϹȵĽ޵ľʾơ


410 

Ϲȡ
ʵԺ˺˵ⲻǻŵıؾ֮;
˲δīطݺͷ׷ϹȵؽоٶҲһЩ
ȴһֲĸоӲͷƤʺˣôˣŵ·ֻһô
˵һۣȻ֪˼ϹȲʲô˶Խġ
䣬˵ǰɿߴĺӰ
ﻹ˵ʲôԷѾǰ
ߴӰʹԼĪ׶ߣźɫۣɫ¿ڵŵò
ȴŵʮϤģϢĶζǴǰ˵ϴġ
šüɫ
˻˯ȥ԰ϣóƸ˿ҿ˵Ÿӻɬ
˿˿еƣ̰Ŀϣһ˫˫ںҹﶼɫâӣǶ
ﱻûƤͷƤ飬ʶ˶㡣
Сʹʦ˵ϹһȺ
˵ǹһȺ˷ˣޱȣɢһϲ⣬رŮ˵⣬Ⱥ˵˼ʳ
ȺҲһرԼʦСΪϹȺԼŰýΪʦźȺ˽ס
ÿϹһ͸Ⱥŵˣ˳Ϲȴ
геƣ֤ͨ
Ҳǰ˶Ĵ˵˼仰˱ջϵĿ⣬Ա˿ÿһ·
󣬵Ŀ⣬ȴûʧֶ񺮸ͷټһɢöѾ̲סµĳ嶯ˡ
ò׸źǰ߳ȥһûס۵
˼״üͷšͺһ
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ңץȥиѡǵѡʲô
ͷˬںǰȴ̫ı¶
Ͼ˻վϹȵĵϣͨƣҲֻкУһһԼ԰ˣҪΪϹЩĸ֮ʳˡ
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̲סˣŻŤͷݺݵصһۣӲŻĸо˻ȥ
ϹȲСߴУִŵĵؽ磬Ҫܳһξ롣
ܿˣյ˺ԣĲ


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īطݶһۡ
ݸ磬ûһֵĸо
ţ硭
Ϲȵķ򣬺ͨǰķðϱıȥˣ
īط΢΢üһĿǰľʾϣ˳žʾƵĸɨͲ˲һĵط
ƶ
ԣæչȥһ£ɫأȻƶˣ
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ЩΪͬıɱ
īط΢΢üϹȵķ򣬡Ҹо϶ȥˡ
ԣʱһͷ󣬡Ǻ˲Ϲȵ˰ɣ϶ȥҪ϶𣿡
īطݳ˳ǣҪԣˣӦòǡ
ҲһֺǿҵĸоϹЩΣա
Աߵһʯͷôأ˳Ϲ׷ȥǵȰѹ
Լʵ൱ģϹΣգܲġ
ܻûҵ԰ϣͰīطȸȥ
׷ôãû׷ǺˣҲ֤Ǻ˵֮
īط΢΢ü˼һ³һ֣ȡ
Ȱѹ
š
īطݵ϶ӦʱΣգóȻϹȣ̫çײˡ
šǵŰɡ
˵ţЩҵΪҪٸһ㣬Ϳ϶ʶӡˡİᶼδõ
Ͼ˼ΪҲ˲١
ǲ㱻ԭΣǰ·ѵ÷Խںޣƣúʱ򲻺úٵؼʱˣֻ׸


411 Ƥ

δѡ
īطʵ㣬ֱӾôմϹȣǾͻذСͣϹȵĴš
ǻ첻ˣ˵ҵôһϹȵ
ջƹ͵͵ˣСиͷû˫ȣϹһֻ۾ģʲôƤǵģϹȣãųˡ
˵ǶȣϹһֻ۾Ϲȱ߽类·Ƽˣæűס
Ϲȵ飬ö˶ʹƤǾǲ˵һ㣬Ѹúܡ
ȥһԣҲûʲôʧ
īطҲûԥͳƤǵסǰȥˡ
ȻûֱƤǣܵھǴϢ
ŶŶʵƤͷ
ھӴһȻģָ˽ΪɶƤֽƤأΪȥһϹȣʣϰصԵʡ
Ƥʱ˲ˣС׺úܣҲأ˵ǰкиƤһ٣ֻʣ°ӡ
ԶԶԣ°Ҳ˵Ҷ˵Ƥ˱Ӧû¸ҪȥϹأ
ɲǻʢڶ˵ˣϹаŵĺܣǵؽ綼ҪȥһƤصãǴźüСȥһ£ȫûԼֻʣ°ӣ
˵Ƥܱ֮Ϊĺ͵һ׹Сϣٹ֣ﻹܴϹ
ھӴüһһīطݰš
ʵЩҲûϹȵ飬ȥƤͷʲôƤǴδڣھӣҲûܴõʲôһĶ
ƤذԴ򱻾Ȼ󣬺˺üجΣ˵ʲôҡŹң֮Ļ֮ҲԽԽﶼܲǸӣͬ룬ļȥ
ǻЩͬ
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ԶԶԣɶҲǸƺ«ӣ˾ܣԶԶģЩϢģĸûϢҲˡ
ϣСѽȰҲȥƤˣζ˵ʲôġ
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ΪòﶢſҲⲻڡ
Ū˹ȥ˵ǳģϹطЩˡ
Ȱ棬ͺˡǧѧƤͷ㿴Сͷˣڵѵ룬ǲҪϹȵؽ翿ȥȥһһܻŻĶүָһ
ǵѽСɲܾôǶ¡ԳԿǰأ
ͷǷģľǺ棬ϹȵĴšƤĽϹȵģҲǺ棬Ϲﵽʲôô£ȥ޻ء
ھӴҲûٶȰˡ
ϾǮ˵ԣǮķϣȰ˵ô䡣
˰ҪĻ˭סأ
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ھӴǻ˼ۣȻЦ˳ҪƼǲ֪ϹͷʲôˣûаܶȥˣҲûƼϹЩʲôСӶûС
ϹаŵĺܣҶҼСӣԶ㣬߱߶𿿹ȥ
ǰСǾλˣǰĸûԹЩõȥϹƣˣҲûдϹġǾǸ˵ĵط

ͷϢռòˡ
ྣʱôȥˡ
īطûȥƤǣǴϢؿջȥˡ
Ϲֻ˭֪ʲôΨһŻˣŵҲ˿ڡ
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ˣ֮ǰȥɽɱ󣡿ɲҲֻѵϹȣʵҲǸɱ󣿡
īط΢΢üܾûô򵥣ɱͷǸͨˣô״ͷһֱоϹΣա


412 

ǰݸ϶ĸӦأ
ҲϹȵķ򡣡
ûе漣֣аȻ˴ϹȣʵͨϹƵһطĻҲѡ·ˡ
ڣϣˡ
ܽռ￴˿ȪˮŵӤᡣ
ָҲ֪ʲôʱѡ
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ѹСӣ
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һīط³ˣҲǿǿ˼ҵŸ߰ɣ
ԼҪᷭ
СԽԽӿףֱֲӸ߷飬һŻǡðʾ÷ԼѾ顣
СӴ⣬ŷҲŵǰͷһʯͷôˡ
ͨ壬ð˵ʶͬ˵ҪʦȪˮǲġ
أ䲻ǵ۵ͯٴԺʶؾͿȪˮƮӤᡣ
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СЦһôøԣıһ𣬻ǽɫģҲм͡Ϊ˰ˣŻø³
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ֻǷԴͶ̥ػһ֮󣬿ɴûع壡
Сôһ˵ž
ԼıҪôȥţ
ЩգʶԼȻ̥ǵĵطһ̥ϵƬ۸¶˳ȻСӣֻˡɱҺôˡ
Сˣô䣬ѹûô
Ҳֱ˵ҪȵȪˮһݣܼܿôأ
š
Ҳû⣬ֻһԣһֲһ⡣
ʹ·Ȫء
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µģΪʲôûоأǰȥͷʱһռ䣬ȪأȻȻֳˣڶŽɫβж֡
ڣĸоԼҪһı仯
ȪݵеˣƤе㷢塭
emmmm
÷˼⣬ֻϣʣûɶӦô죿ҪҰƬһ飬Գԣ
СһƬ죬ʶΪҲˣƬҲֻҲûʲôƨˡ

ʱ챦ȴ챦һʯͷһѾС
Ըأ
̲ס˲ٵԸ˰ɣ
òΪߣҲʧΪһ취ֻҪյΪⷽ棬ܲһ뷨Ӱɡ

ûˣûеͬʱȷʵȻһص⡣
䲻ؽıˣǽ
Сûж˵Ǳ飬֪Լȷġ
ֻҪ룬ҲܿܲµԼѾˡ
ΪһֻɾĶǷᣬбģ˱᲻ܿƻָɱģҲΪԼΪֵܱͣһ㣬ģ
ֲͶıбϵ
ıԭñθģأֲرֻӵشױ˺


413 

뷨ӣʲôӣ
ò˵Сӵġʮֹõġ
Դ֮󣬷ľǹԼ顣
Լ벻ȥīطһ룬ϾоīطݵҲöˡ
ر塭ʲôô𣿡
īط귽ǳ֮ҲǺܸӵģĿֱضŷ̥ǵĲֿ
ΪҲɶīطݽˣڶīطݵʱ򣬷ҲûٰϵƬڵ
ԭʮƬ۵ģһСȭͷλãϣϸȥƬɫ⣬žŲ۾񼣡
īطе죬Ȼ뵽ԼǰЩʱ˵ģɡ
ģ㲻϶ȴһڲͬʣ˿һۣĵá
ͬ˵Ը飬MMǱԸˣŻһӡ
īطݾúЦԣ֮ǵʱԸˣ
ͷϾѾаٵŰݸ
īطЦţĶͷȻ˵ԭǸ磬Ѿˡ
ͷɲ𣿱ɥʬΧԵˣҶܸоֱɵʹ
뻹ͷƤġ
ɺܿ죬ֻԼĸŬҪĸоˡ
ůңģʶԽԽѡ
īطԣ΢һ˵ܵظ˵㲻Ͷ̥ˣԲ㲻ܱر壿
СīطݵĻĵĬĬͣȻӱȽ⣬һ㲥ʲôͨˡͺúȥ֤ɣ
С鲻˳˯

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ϾǰС˵ǲһģ̸ֻܳɻ飬һɻͻᱻϣȻһǴžͿԻҷˡ
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һıϣȻǣŻɢ
Ͳأ
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ԽԽס
žֻǣûȥܵظͶ̥¡
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ԭ
һƣȻ̧ͷīطעӵĿ⣬ǰݸ磬еܵడԣǿԳ𣿡
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ᵽͷϣ뵽⣬΢΢üȰ֮󣬻Ҫúġ
ԼȻˣӦһٴںͨ˲һ
Ҳԡ
Ѫǲһġ
ԽԽʼԼǲˡ
īطݼüͷöëëˣ㰲Ӧò֤ʵʦѹͺˡ
˵ţīطݵӻһĨâҲ֪ǲ̫С֮ˡ
ϾǰʦһֱָоʲôŰ𣬲δͰ˵
ΣԼͰĹϵȷˣȾȻ϶֮ȥþ˾ͬףΣҪѰȢţ˳ĳΪԼӡ
ֻǣĵԤУûô򵥣谭
΢΢̧ɨȪˮƮӤ谭йϵ

оߡ
СӴӳ˯ѣɨīطݡ
⡢
ӹȻǲʲô
Сӵ˼֣Ȼȵ۾ȴԼūǺϵԼʶǱỹҪɱ󣬵ԼˣҲƲǿڱССһ¡
Ҫ߷ľǲġ
˼Ҫʲôĵšһ·𣬲ʮΣȻ˵ʲôʲôҲһīطڡ
С룬˯ȥˡ


414 Ƥصĸɶ

ΪôɵͷԽܿѹ
ڿռͷһպīطݾʹŷһȥƤء
Ϲȵ飬ỹûѣҲҪȰϢ̽ˡ
ϣҪȥƤǴƤؿɲüղ¶ǸɶӸĴ㣬Ҫǰ˵ƤغأǶҪΪˣ
ھӴīطҪƤأҲ̲סҪ߶߶䡣
Ƥصĸɶӡ
ھӴǸ˽ʱͰѰ˵ˣⰢƷʵǸӡ
ҲǣҪǺӣôܲرչƤôꣿ
׶ӣôƢŹֵ׵һչš
㲻վͲͷѰ˸ɽҰ룬ͷιҰˡ
ھӴ˵ţҲǸиƤⱲõһǰѰؼԼɶˣ갡궼ûУ͸ƤһˣǷ
īطݺͷԣҲֻǳǳЦֻƤؿеϹȸȤʲôТ
ˣǰͷҾͲǹȥˣҪƤǴ֪Ϲȵ飬Ķˣ⸸Ҳ᲻ͷһͷȻָˣҲ֪ЩǺƤģõʲôͲߣǰ㵽ɽѰֻڼţڣͷִ׳ʵİһǾͿ͡ЩھӰҲվſڶҪˡ
ھӴ˵⻰ʱҲǺΡ
վŵλãƤصӻаԶľ롣
л
īطݵл
ھӴ˰֣ͷҲˣź緹ǾȵȡɽûУƤԸҵģƽչƤأǽɽͷ
ԣ͵˵ͷ
ھӴҲҴҸϻؼҸȥˡ
īطҲֻܵţһʯͷ¡
ȥ̽һʲô
ҲСĺԺӣǽ˵ľţͷ˸һ죬ǡþƼͷſŻڵϷֻǣͷȷʵС
ͬīط˵һ¡
ͷʲôΣƤôû̽ȥˣΪܱ󰡣ҾҲˣôǽ̽Ļ鷳
īطͷǾţǰҪġ
š
Ⱦ͵£īطҲȷţ϶ǰȻģǵӦҪôϾҪôǿҵΣԤС
ֻû뵽ôһȣǵĺɽ֮ʱӰ߿
īطݵԶԶؾŵ⿿֮ϴѪζ
ٶһƼˡ
ԭƤصĸɶӣͷСȷʵھӴ˵ģģе㺩Ͽŵһͷ¹¹Ѫʪ͸˰·ԲŻôŨѪζ
Ҳ˷īطݣӻһĨ㶣ܿˡ
˰˳Ҳ̽ʲôϹȵϢġ
üͷһšɫõؾֱǰȥ
Ȼֱ˵Ĵ㡣
ôôʱ䣬īطݺͷ𲻿ؿŰߵīطݱǰס˰ȥ·׳ʿ

аɣ
վԭأⶢīطֱ㶵ؿҲûڡ
Ѿ˵һУ˴ġ
īطݽһԵɡ
üͷһš֪ҵ˺þò˵ˣʲôҲʲ
ˣҵûϹѧãҲд֣ǸϽ߰ɡٲߣҾҪŷŹˡ
īطݣ
ôֱӸ˵
˶һۣԿ˰Ĳͷ
԰ǲǽȥƤصģʲôˡʶ֮࣬˳ɾǽڡ
̫Ĵ̽ϹϢˣһӦԵķӡ
ȿͷܾƤ˲ţûƤ˾͵űųҧ
һ㣬ĵǸģ
û˵ԽīطݾֱԼҵķȥˡ
ԽԽԼϵζҲƮ˻ȥ
ŵζֻһ˷ˣһ߰ľţһ໽ţ
յīطݸǰСʣݸ磬ô죿ǸǮˣ񲻻ǼƤأø㣡
īطݵ˵ͷȻҲóȷʵʮַ
ɫҲˣǾȻȥӦܹ
ţ
˵ͷ͸īطһ뿪ˡ
ƿŵİֻ߳ʶؿһۣƼīطݺͷȥıӰ
ûм̬ȣһ
Ҫ˷ŽϵҪһͨƢˡ


415 

ȿȿȡ
ͷ˼ҾҵĿ
æƿֻǣ첽Ŷ롣
ϵ
ˮ󣬼æߵ˴һŵ˼Ҹǰ˴Ӵϲιˮ
ˮ˼ҿˣɫǺؿŰôô
ϻʳ˵Ű¹
˵ʱ⣬ʮ㣬ɽͷϻޣ˵͸ҳ㷹һ
ȻʵҲˣΪ
ͷ󣬾ͿһԣŰæµȥˡ
ǻǵӳؿŰȥıӰôһӵĻ㱣Σʵ̫ˣǰʱҲ簢һߴͣʲô塣


ԼĻǸϹȣǲǾͲø³
ͷԽ룬˫ӱԽȺ죬ϵ˫ܽµı졣

Ϲȫǳ˵Ĺ


īطݻ˿ջ
ݸ磬ǻҪȰѹ˻ؼұƽɡ
ҲǲŸ
ôˣͷ϶ڵϢ
īطݵ˵ͷȻ߱ȽƫƧŵ˻Ѱõġ
ֻҲ֪㲻á
ûͳȥīҵסڵĿջ

ʱ¥ݣ䲻Ӻͷô˷ܵһʶͻعͷ
Ȼīطݿī
ƼһüĿʵӣī࣬Եİݸ磬ģƺ˷ܡ
ûϳ˭
īطݵɫҲˣȷʵԼˡ
Ĺ
īֿظ˸
ЦЦôҹģ
ī̧ͷīطݡ
īطݵ˵ͷŷ¥ϼˣߵ˾޵ķ䡣
˵ɡ
īطһ£īڡ
īλ뿪ʱû¶ٵټѰ˲ٹСǣҲײû뵽ļ˶λӡ
Ǽī˲ٵˣҪ˶ˣҪѰˡҲãīطݵ
ټīطݺͷԲһ۽ϳ
ī˵ţֽīֽĻתīطݡ
һţī˵꣬ŵʵ飬׷Ҳﲻ˶æǴϢȥ߼ˣһƽУΣǶ϶ȥġ
īЩΪѣϢ˴ȥһҪڶλߵģӵĻǺúûŶλӡ
𣺡
˸ţ
īطݣͲٽռȥ˰
а飬Ҳ鷳ġ
šüīطݣϽ
īطȻ֪˼òȷϵܶʱôܱ˽Ŵ
ɨīһۣܰﵽʲôпϺȡ
֪ӶǣֻҪڶλߣΪλӴ¡
īͷ˵ҲǱϹϾīֶˡ
īطһڲˮָô棬ضīҲûҪҺͰûʲô鲻Լġ˳ߣ״ݾߡ
ī
Ӿְ߰ˡ
̧ͷȥ𣬵īط⻰ĵ׺Ȼиͷð˳
ǰī߿˵˵ģԼӶԷĹĸɲһ㡣
Ϊ׷Сӵ䣬ƺҲӰ룬ղ͸оˣīط֮΢ϵ
ԣ˵ദ
īĵĬĬĨһᣬͷøˣ¾ʹˣһ˿ԻؾڶλߡλǲǸ̫ǱԶһЩǧ߰
һλڳʲô⣬ûȥ
ǲⱻŵģռ̫ˣҳīطݣҲ̫īֵµˣīֿϺ꣡
ûԱ߶ɶܻīֵĸǰˡ
š
īطݳӦһȴס¡
˵꣬˷һۣɫְʾ𼱡
зӰѼ˸˦
𿴳˼Ҳ˵ˡ
īīطݵĻͦ˵ģȻҲҼλˣӦ󣬾뿪˷䡣
뿪󣬾ǡ˸飬˳˸ͬ·ĵСǰӵĿˣǼӣͰǵķ䰲ڶλӵĸھͺá˵ţӹȥ
СͷӦǣͰѷīطݸڵķƿˡ
ɲɣĿǰڵķһ䡣
īСƿڷźһ£ʣ˾סһ䣿
Сֵؿסһ䣬ʲôô
ԣīС鶼ˣ


416 кˣ

ޡ
Ҫˣǵúһԩɡ
īط̸ûŵ̶ֳȺ
ҲֻǣǣС֣׶ͷĳ̶ȡ
ûīô
ôĸ·īطݶϰѰһطͣռϢΪᰲȫܶ࣬ö֮Ҳʲô߰۹⣬ִһҿջ˾ֻһ䣬ʡȥ鷳
Ϣʱռһ꣬ԵСͷķ˯ĵòС
ֻôͬݶߣ￴ȻǷ޹ϵݱˡ
īҲ֪˵ʲô
ĵĬĬؾ͸Լ˴ĴָģûأȰ˹ˡȿȡ
Ȼ˻ǲñˣСĻ˾Ͳ˵ʲôˡ
Сư⼸˲ͷλôôȻôʣ
ѵڶλǡ
⻰һڣͱīĿ˻ȥ
СһҭǵģʲôϵҲܰԵˡ
˰ź֮󣬵СͼҴȥˡ
īţ鿴¶
ܣûƼԸ
š
īطݺͷߵʱϹӡ

˵ķīطҲûţܿͽ˿ռ
Ȼȵط֣ˣ
ᣡ
ȪƮŵСӤһ˫Ƶô۾תţˮ岢û³ʱЦø⻶֣ڹ
ҲǸ˻ˣͨһˮӤᰢᣬ㿴ңǵҲ
ӤźһСֽס˷ͷЦţشŷ̥ǣգգ۾ֿЦ
һ£ϵīطݼ״΢΢üǡûȫָ
ǸС˵ĻʶҪСӺһʱ䣡
æٻСϽô¡
С˯úúõģ߷𼱼ææĺߴߴģⳳˣЩͷǸ˵ʶ͵СһӰɣָġһҪ˯û±ң
Ƕݺݵľ
ΣſЦᣬŤͷһ۷īطݡ
īطݵǾͺúôš
䣬Сð˳ˣˣȻӰ죬ռҲͷ¹⾫˴ȥš

һ㶣Ҫȥ棿ô塭
СһٴҲûôҪãҵģ
ðɡ
С̣ȴһУĻһĪͳ̸ĸо
Ϊǰ޳裬Σ
ĥһ£ҲûԥϱȻСϵ·ˡ
ڴڿռչ˹ӣǡӤٸỻϡ
Ҳǰæչ˹޶ˣ¾͸㶨ˣٰ޶ȥīطݿ
īطҲֻһۣûȥţΪᣬСӤŮܲףǺġ
ŷıģٿСӤǷ۵ɰСģ΢΢Щ뵽ԺԼͰĺӣǲҲôɰ
ôһ룬Ͷŷ
ţݸ磬ôô죿
Ƽˣһ¡
ȿȡ
īطҡҡͷûֻ룬СʱҲʦһɰɣ
Сʱ򣬵ȻָӤʱڡ
Ͼķīطݻŵġ
ЦǲǱȻ̥ǣҿɰ
ţСʱ򡭡Ҳɰ
īطݲǵãô˵ġ
ͰԺĺӣһἯ˵ŵġ
˲ûóȻͰѺӴӿռŽջǿʱѰʱţȻźӴӿջͷ߽
ǡþƼī˴¥
Ҳһ۾Ƽ˷ﱧŵŮӤʱԲ۾š
ʲô
˯һĹԼӺͷĹ޶ˣ
찡ǼӾȻˣ
˵ļΪ𾪣չֳҲΪḻ
īطһƣ֪ˡ
ǹ˵ĺӣչ˼ա
īطݵؽͣõɡ
īԣգգ۾࿴˶ԷۣʱһȻˡ
Ҳǡ
뿪ʱĹŸռأҲŹȥ£̥ҲҪ߰˸°ɣôܾ´޶
ˣ
ʲôͬݡĻǶ̲סʼŵĲˡ


417 جΣ

īطȻ֪ѾīԲôࡣ
Ӥ¥Ͱ޷ڴϡ
Ű᲻ȥƤأи⡣ݸ磬˵Ƥؿ϶һ벻˼ңīȥѹȻ󴳽ȥƤذɣ
ţỹûָ̽ϢҲٵȵȣġ
ڲˡ
ȻӤģǸС˵ҲָܿˣǵøϽϢʱϹȵ׼
š
īطҲͬ˵ͷտʦȥ顣
ã
Ȼֶˣһʱ˦īˣ¡
ǾԲ˸ǽϹȵġ
ԣ̽Ϣٰ֮˦ҲǿԵġ
ĺܼ򵥣īطȥţԼʹŰؿռ׼ˡ
˵ûʲô׼ģҪЩھӴ˵ģϹȾΣأ׼ǹţʱſԱ
ԴԼǡ࡯趨֮󣬷ԽԽϧԼСˡ
Ҳһ龧Լӯȫ׼

ī˸īط뿪˿ջ
īطǰǶ໰ˣīǸͷֱӰŵġ
ȷе˵īһīһīߣīطõõˣīүӸиİš
Ҳǳ԰ϱ͵ߵ飬īֳѰˣŽһīһۼɢȥ˵ġ
ī㿴ҿ㣬īطһԲ
ҲҶʰϾȻӣȴҲӡ
īطݰīֻҪˡ
˾͸ɴ಻ʣֱӸīطݡ
īطݰ˴ƤصǱߣȻȥѯھӴ֪Ƥصĸɶӣһͳɽȥˡ
īطŸ˷īȥľţͷɽȥ
īطݵĻ˶ˡ
ӡҪʲô
ǼȥȻ󡭡
Ҫȥˡ
īطһīһȥֻҪҲǸˡ
ϾƤظһԺģͷС֪ʱҲǷ˼ġ
īʮˡʮ룬ʲôûʣȥִˡ
йģڱǸ׷ϡ
ԼӵɫƺҪҵ˺Ҫ
īīطݵѰһطĬĬؿֵȥȥȮ׷ǻľٶе̲סֻ

ôīһô䵽׷ܵ³
īʮˡʮŴҲû뵽׷ǵǻܵô죬һ񣬲ͱҧȡ
ƻǺܳɹģֻǱˡ
īطݸīһʹṦٵִԺ䣬ȻīǷӦؼң˳ֽŸͷһ£ŤͷͼԼѾݵķƿ߽ȥˡ
īæϣȻݣͿһֻϰӵ˿ڴϡ
ݲɣǰ֮ɫ¸űȸȴյѹ£һ˫ǵۣڿ˽һ̣ŷĹâǳ⣺˭
ī룬ͳһӣϣ˵˼Ī֣ǼүһЩҪѯʵ棬϶ֹһ㡣
īطȻû˵˵ʲôĿģīô˵ҲǸôˣܶ飬Թɫס
λ˼ҵѾһС
īΪ⣬һӷϡ
ƤصĿضӣǼϹȵİɣ
ĩˣߵĿīطݵϣƶҹ
īطݵ˵ͷҲ㹧ǽ룬û취ֻӴ롣ϣ˼ұ֡Щ̽Ϲȵ˲ͬΪϹȣѰˡ
ûѡ
Ƥؾңûʲôʶˡ
ǡ෴ʱҲʢģʶ˵ıܸߣܽύôѣֻǿϧ
ƤػϹȵĺǣǵȺһƬҲ˳ŪЦϹˣǣܽȥģͲл˳ȰǻǲҪ׷ˡͷôԣϹȱôģͷȫǳ˵Ĺ
˵΢΢ţȻ;ҿһȱһѪ
īطüͷ΢ͳһƿӣҩ赹סߵ°ͣҩ˽ȥ
Ƥ˿֮ƽٶȿڣСǣв˵Ϲȷһ𣿡
īطΣޣղŸ˼ιĲһžĲҩ衣֪ϹȵĹ˼вһ䣬ǱҪҲҿ˰̡
ߵȻóīطݲ޶⣬Цһϵ֮ɫɢ˼֣־Ѫߣǿɲ˰̣ôÿÿҹجΣ


418 Ƥ֪Ϲ

īطݿƤЩŤͷɨһī
īᣬһˮ˹ȥ
īطˮݵƤصĸǰ
Ƥؿˮ΢΢һƽӹˮ󣬶īطݺī̬Ҳ˼֣ҪǱҵĹºܳ
īطýŹһŰӣҲںʲô󣬾ô
īҲŲ˰ӣīطݵ󣬿Ƥء
Ƥصһ㶣㶣Ϊīطݡ
īطŶǸˣǴʲôطĹӵܣȴû뵽ǰôûƺҲûţڰϵĶҲ֣ޱȡ
Ƥа̾ϾīطݳͷԼȮ֮⣬ڵľֹǺܿ𾴣ҲûΪǸм˶¶ʲôӶɫ
飬ҪӶʮǰʼ˵𡭡
Ƥ˵ţأЦڻʲôʮǰҲ֮꣬߾ۼ˲ͶֵܡǵͷʱҲ˵ģôһǰǡ
Ƥʱ緢Ϊ˶һһļ
߰ʱ򣬾һոǿϺϺɽɽ񵰵飬ֲΪͽ书
ôһ̣ʮꡣ
ϺĺƤҲûϺТͽչϺϺա
Ϻߺ󣬻δڵƤؾɽСǣȫƾһֻȭͷһգȫ޵֡
ȻⲢı¡
ı£ǽһ֮ޱͷ۵һȺ£ϼӹ
ԴԼʶĺüֵܣСǿ˵һձһ̫ƽûʲô۵ĸƤӵ
ʮ꣬Ƥ޵ʮꡣ
һıºͻܵȢ·Сһ̵ŮǸŮҲһ飬ζԸ뿪Ҫ޸ӡ
ʱΪˣֵúҡ
ҸŮòҲҪȢŮˡ
ǣ͸Ůɻˡ
ǮȨнڻһ󣬽޻˸ӣǿƤҵĸ
˵òУӺӳ죬ҪʲôʲôģͷֵҲ֪Ǽ䰮޶ˡ
ƫƫþʮգȻֵܼææϢ˵һֵܱץסˣвȥϹȾˡ
ϹôڣС˶֪ȥ޻ء
ʱͱɫҲԲȥ¾ƱҪߣ޶סˡ
޶ҪֵܣͲҪˣҲҪĸ˶
޶ֵ֮䣬Ƥվѡֵܣӵı֤һŻġ
ȥʱʧŪĿ⣬ǹһӣҲ
Ƥزϵɤ΢΢ţץµı죬վҹĸӡ
ΪߵֵҲͬǹĽ飬ǣһˣ㲻ԥؾϹǱ߸ϣֻû뵽ǾȻһ壬壬Ǹߵֵµģ
Ƥ˵ʱ׳˺ںޡ
ˣϹȣϹȴͬߴͬһϢӵĻǣжܡѧգ±ֵҪǿΪϹûǹܱҵֵǣȴ룬ʮˣȥһӣһһ˵ϡ
Ȼұ㿴һ档üθߴ󣬴źɫĹ֣һץס˵ȣδ˷Ӧ㽫˻˺ѳ룡
ƤŨŨȺͿ־壬·һշ飬ǰ
һȫȺ˺顭Ѫһ£ҵϣȾֵǵѪҵ˫ȣҲǱֶϣ
ʹ࣬衣
һֵܣƴֶȵĹɿҵȣҲ
û
ǹָܴУֶȣֱӽ
ֵܣȴǰֶ˲ӣѪ
ԽԽ࣬Ѫζǰ˷ֶʳ֮
ƴһϹȣȴ֪ΪʲôƱʲô˻ڹԽԽΪԼ˵ʱ򣬺Ȼ͵˳
һϹʱֻʣ°ˣ·ˣ״һ
֪Ǿҵֵܣǰ˵һ仰ʲô𣿡
ܣΪҴӦӣҪŻȥ
Ƥ˵Ѿ棬
īطȴ׽˹ؼļ仰ƤصһҪʱûӳɹΪʲô֮ܳأ
ƤظոյݣоϹеϤɽ
ѲҲһɱ


419 Ϊ˱

ӦҲߴˣҲþˣͬеǡһλʮĴ򣬲Žҵס֮һؼң˴󾪣ҹչң󡭡ٰȥˡ
ӣǸ֮ŮСʳ
޸֮󣬸ûܹһյί
ֻһˣٲջԻ͡
˶ԭȶҲǶ֪⸱֮ʹҪӺͺӸȥˡ
֪Լû취ٸյٻ󣬱֡
ļϳŵӣȻҲһԲشźӸ׵ˡԴˣҲû
ƤصȫǳŪ
֪ȫˣ֪ٶ࣬Ҳûˡ
īطĻȻҲ֪飬ƤҲûҪԼѣֻܾﲻԾ
üûֱӼ׷ʣǺƤصлͿ뿪ӡ
Ƥؿȥ׻һĨڽ
īʮˡʮŽ󣬾ͻˡ
ǾȻҲʲôǵģ׷īʮˡʮţǡñɽȥ˳ȥ˰
ǶӼܳˣȻǼͷ飬˵ɽܡ
ܻʱǡײ׼뿪īطˡ
㣿
īطݣšüӻһĨ֮ɫ
ı˰ļһ
һƳԼҴžˣȻīطʹǣ
ɫԽѿһѳ˺󱳱ŵ¨ŵĲ񵶣׼īطݣҪ֡
īǰ£λ׳ʿǼӲûж⣬ѰЩ⣬ҲˣҲˣλ׳ʿ¡
նˡ
òУһѾȥҹԼϵˣ壬ϵиʲôʧ
īطݵؿһۣߡ
īͷīʮˡʮŸϣ뿪
Ϳ˰Ȼϵһæȥѯ״̬
Ƥذ˰֣ûʲô£ûʲô˼仰
һҪȥʱƼϷŵӣüͷһšץӾ˳ȥ
׷īطݣӻΪǼҲҪƤĸεǮ
ܿϧܳȥʱѾīط˵Ӱˡ
΢ӣĪ⡣
ݣƤȻǲɶӵûҪ⡣ȥôˡ
ǵҲϹȷһСϵҲƭңͷǵõģجΣ
Լϵ밲οԼӣΪ̫ӾȻˡ
ƤظоĻڨڨһЦѽԻָմɣȥ𣡡
ϵһذ
ʵīط˵Ļȷʵûа٣ֻ΢ĳЩ
ΪʲôܹϹżȻʱЯһǡ־Ϲﱻӳ
ˣҲԼģǱǹֶȣҪ˺ʱŵһǹߴߴ֪˵ʲôͬһ˳
Ƥرסܣ壬Ͳڰϡ
̧ͷ
Уһ²Ϲŵӣһһɫ׹㱻˳
ɫָбһֽ⣬ȴֲǽŹΣ˵ޣȷǣһޣΪĿرɲ
壬Ƥؿʼ̰ϰʱ򣬱ˡ
Ƥĵذ˵ҲŵֻҪѧˣԼȥϹȸƤرѩޡ
ƤҲˣŽеܶ߰Ҹ˰һϹȱ֤ͨ
ʱաҲˣϵģϹȵЩһȫɱ⣡
ᶨǷȺɱ⡣
ƽʱûɽԣϻ°ܽ
ⲻΪΪϰһգںҰ޵ĲմȾѪԺͺ壬Ƥص꣬һ
ƤôһԼȲϵëͷСӣȥϹǸĵطԼȥֵǱ
Ƥسһ㡣

īطݻصջܵǰȥѯʣôˣʵ𣿡
īطݽ§ŽʵˣܾƤأӦûûаѻ˵ꡭ
ţѵӸĲɶɲҴŵģ
𲻽⣬īطݰѴƤȫ˵һ顣
ԼҲòУɽɱĻûҵۣôܺȻ˵ϣҷøǽ簡
īطݲ죺磿
⡭ʲô


420 ˣ

ʲô
Ҫīط½ˡ
ҪҲͦµģīطû·𵱳һҲûоɣ
Ҳԡ
ȻʲôƵãӤᣬܽռȥһ鼮ȥǰһֲˡ
꣬ճɾʱⶫġ
Ҫʱɾ̫Сˣ׶԰Сһֻ򵥵ķʽ̵
Ϊˣץ񣬺޲һ߻ɽ
ݸ磬ȿ
ֲīطݵĻīطݹĿϸϸһ֮󣬾֪ʲôˣ΢ؿǰŮҪ𣿡
𣺡
ҵĸ磬ֲôô׵Ĵ
ľȻ
īطˣЩʧðɣˡ
͵ҺͰᶼǾ֣ǵʽǲһģ㰢ݸҲҪҵԵʦ
īطԣ˵ͷЦԭˣҿҪŬˣܲڴ˼ҵҡ
Ӧá԰ɣ
Щȷ˵λͺ¿
սСƬһӡ
䣬һӾ;ӿռｫǴȡ˳
īطݼЩʵôˣ
Ȼ뵽һ顣ݸо磬ҳȥһ¡
˵ţ뿪˿ռ䣬īطݺԭء
īطΣֻ£ֲᣬѾ׽ôһˡ
ֶȻֶΣдá
ֻ뵽Źֵһ㣬ϹнĻĿĲǷֹ룬ǡ
΢΢һ˼ֻ֣ľϹЩ˼ˡ
ʱľôͻȻ
뿪˿ռ䣬һƬҶӣӷȥλ
û뵽ǳˣ
Ҷָһ򣬷˳ŷһ·ȥǡþǽϹԱߵĲڡ
ҶȽ϶࣬ԷӦҲԡ
ԽҶӱԽӲĽҶӣ΢΢ţӵҲòǺԶŶԡ
ŲڣԼҪҲȷҶӣĿ⿴Ϲȵı߽硣
ô
ǰضϹȽ޵ķ֡
ڼԽ޵ʱ򣬺Ȼһһֻ֣εؿס󣬽һ˺ϹȽ޵ľ롣
𣿡
һŤͷƼƤصĸɶӣһ׳մɫ
û뵽˻Ȼ֣һʱеΡ
ֻ֤һ£ǰĽޣǲǽѡ
ǲѾϵϹͷЩʲô𣿾Ȼôͷһȥ³Ϊвͣ
ɫʮߡ
˶ԼЩĪ̲סһȥ£

һ㶣ӦɫɿЦȷʵҵ飬ȥ
Ǽ˹ˣŻȻļһ˴ӿջߣʹؾ͸
ҵīطݣӻȥģȴû뵽ȴϹһĻ
겻ȴǸݵġ
Ĭˣīطݸ˷ϣǣҺϵҪǵʩᡣ
Ǯ˭ûУ
Ҳǲ֪Լϵ˼
ѹϹȵīطݼˣʵƤҲ˼ģīط⼸ЩµģȷҪȥϹȵģΪܺõĶ
ҪϵֻҪ׼Щһȥ
ʱͷĹﲻɱͿԳùɱʱȡ¹ǵͷ­
Ƥظƶõļƻ
ȴ
ñ˵Լ
üͷšģĵ׵һعȥ
ѰʲôӵĽڣӼܳ⻹īطݼһġ
۱ӣЩûڣͼǰת߿ˡ
΢΢üæȥҸϵ֪Ϲı꣬ûҪǣ
˵һ¶ѣ˭ᣬǮǲҪ
ֲǮӿȥĲ
׷˼ͣˣֻⰢֹ֣ղôҲش
ˣȥȷһ½ɡ
ŤͷͻصϹȽǰ
Ȼͣ½ŲŤͷȥҪϹߣüͷһšһ󣬵ûסֳ˹ȥ
ڷٴҪȥʱһѽקסߣһһ߲ݾܾϹȣһҪ˵ȥ磡
𣺡
Ӿˣ


421 

ַӶѰ
ûУ뿴ⰢҰݸ絽Ҫ˵Щʲô
صջڶ԰Ҹڷͷȥˣȡ
˵ͷ
īǡôƼ˷Ͱ˵
¥ߵǰʱȣȥݸ
һۺ¥¥صĶء
һݣͰڿռīطݸųˡ
īطĹĵģѯʣôˣ
ȥϹȽǱƤظɶ˵һ£üеĪԣӦó֮Ϊ¡֮ǰǽȥƤضϡ
īط룬һͷǾú̸һ̸ܾⰢĿĵģǿѯϸһЩ
С
Ƚīطݣ˵ʲôʲôˡ
᲻ڣīطݲĹǡ
߳󣬾Ƽīī
һͱˡ
˷ţˣīطҲֱʵ׳ʿл뽲
ʱĵѾ¼ƽϡ
īطˣԿīطΪ׵ģ书ͣǰīطȻݣһ˫۾ԼͨȣҲ˲һ˿ɵϰ֮ˣͬϸоһơ
īطһҪϹȣδػϵֵһȫû
ɾ㲻ȫûҲԴҲ塭
üͷǺȻһʮҪľīطݣɫȻӴôϹȵ飬Ϊ˽ϹȣϹʮգܽġ
īطݵ˵ͷ֪
ʵϹȲֻܽܳ
ԣɴ۾ʲô˼
ϵ˼ϵûͬ˵ܴ֮ϹӳʵΪЯһ顮ͨϹȵĹͨֹͣ˶ϵĲɱ
ͨ
īطݶþȡ
ĦŲϵӣȻһקһקϣ˿Ǳסϵͨ
īطšüȥһ£̻Ĳ֪ʲô⣬֮
ĩˣֿЩ䣬˵ϹȵͨΪͨҲϹȣ
Ϊʱ
ɫһݣҳϵĸ֮ЩһֱѧϰϵڵգѾͻһ㹦ˣȵǸʱ򣬲ϹΪϵʱ
𡭡˼ǣƤغЩֵܵĳƤضһȥ
⻰ò˼顣
ڲ֤ͨƾ谢һ֮ȥսϹЩǲҲ̫쿪ˣ
ȷϹȽȷʵнڵĻϹһбԳȡ
ƤعȻǺ
ⲻϸԼòӣȥ
ԼˣŰĿⶼ˼ͬ
֪˼ҲգһҹɣϹͼֻ֮ҪɽҾԼܱסС
֪࣬˵Ӵ˵溩
Ƥⲻ԰ʹ
īطԣ뷨ǺͷֻͬҲƤǰôˬ˵һе˼ɵɫ˼֣أͬ˵ЩкãóǸ㱨𣿡
ʲô
Բ۾ʮߣŭŰԩͷ
ǣ
æϣҪ뷨Ͳ̸ˣ
㵽ʲô˼
ߴߴ죬Ҳûѻ˵ףѾûˡ
̾һصǾãǿԺͨһȥԵûãʱٸһ취ܸܲ㵽ͨЩ꣬ðܰҴͨĴڣУҲڶһġĿܣⶫϹͨš
ȥԵס
ˣīطݡ
īطݵڿǰĽ飬һֱڿǿȷʵûʲôر֮ȷûжѡ
ǺõʲôֻΪɱϵֵܱ𣿡
ԳһЦûĿֻܸ꣬һͷ­ϵһЩ
ֿ˿īطݡ
īط˼鲻ܲʴӦ룬뿼ǿǣ׳ʿ𸴣Σ
˵ͷҲûǿãѰλҪ𰸣
˵꣬Ҳܿ뿪ˡ
һߣŴյīطݸǰͳӲţ΢ĵȥǽ޿ָоȷʵи磡


422 

û˰µġ
īطݺܿٴεִϹȽߡ
жϷʽҲܼ򵥣ֱ̧ǽޣȻһغܱϡ
Ȼ
һŤͷīطݣݸ磬ǽ磡ֽ磬ܱ˲׾ٵعȥ
ûаֱӴ磬ֻһ¶ѣȴѾܸо洫һ֮
Ź֣
µĽ˵Ƿֹ˽ģãر˽һ
Ȼǰˣ»ΪΣϵĺܶ鶼֪֮٣˼ն񣬻Ǵе֪ġ
Ҳܵİ
˵ףǷôȷȷʵʵû澭ʵĶ
Ҫǧ꣬磬žˡ
Ľ磬˿ģĿľҪקȥ
īطݵ׾ñȽ϶࣬жնҲȷӵԷһ˵⻰ϹȵĸִţѾ˲²⡣
ǽ޵λãҲ˼ּɵһѽקԼߣ˵طаţȷ϶Ǳа޴ȥġҪȥˣҲҪӳ顣
˵ͷȻ
ղʱû磬Ҳо˽һߵĲͬѰ֮¶ܹӦ˵ġ
⴮ӡݸ磬㻹ǵСʱ˰ܹ𣿡
īطԣ΢΢һ㶣ʱ
룬ԼҲûȷкīط˵ǸϺе飬Ըɴһ˵ˣӣͺϺУóƬҵģ
˵˾ǿﻻ
붼еᣬ߷ߵȻҲǷ֮ܿаôܱȵҵƬϺоǸǿҶأǷң
īط֪ˣ۵̥ǵĲ֣Ժ󲻻ˡ
ͷɲôͳҲôʮƬֻۣʣƬöడı
ôϡҪѣѾˡ
û˽壬ѹͲñȥ٣ۡ
Ҳζţܵ˾ˡ
ӣ˵֮ǰýҶѰٹϺУӦǲԶĵطƤ˵ϹͷĹˣǿ϶аа֮÷ŵĶԸҪϹȣȥϺжҪЩҪʱϺקһϹȸˣ
ߺߣͺ¿ţƬɲôõģ
Сˣ׸
ʹˣ˵ܷܲܲٱͺ¿
⡣
īطݾ֪ʲôˣãǾȥǸС
жԴȱΪģϹа֮صĴڣҲӦɷȥʰȲŶԡ
īط˾ȥͺ¿ȻҲīȥ
Ծ˷ţҹ뿪ˡ
ҶӵķӦСյʱ䣬īطݾһǳأѯ˳ˣ⸽һ˵ر顣

īطˡ
ʢͣĺҲ١
ֱȥѰķɣӵˡ
ƼӣҲ𾪵һʩǣҪʦ֣
Ҳ֪ʲô֣ҵģҺҪĶͰˣˡѱң
ǷԣҲϸһ룬пʦ顣
̾һλʩʦ֣ȥԵˣδ
˫ֻأߺߵҾסţˣϾҵĶҲôģҪǲпܣ
Σʩԣλأ
ǲҲġʦǿǿСʹ˱ǷһִҶҪǰ
ԣҲü˵ʲôˡ
ŷȷʵ˵Ķ亢࣬ûʲô涥ײ˼Ҳȥˡ
뿪ʱīطݰӡ
һߣԭĹĵıʧˣЦؿīطݣƤʣݸ磬ҸղݵôǷɿ϶Ҳû취ɣ
īطʧЦͷѽӿǲСǷ֮أĶڿء
ΪԵʣҲòˣħ֡


423 ׷ծ

ճȥԵʱǴԼСͽܵġ
ŵ·ϣȻһֲ̫ԤУָһ㣬üͷšˡ
СͽʦʦǺ£
̾ϢҡҡͷҪծˣǽųҪһЩ
ʵʮǰԷǿгֵʱˣԼζҪǷģϾۣСŮҲĸԸġ
ֻǵʱȥһСѾͷͣŻ²ߡ
ôǵõĸɮ治ʲôӱ飬ӿŲҲΪ˸Ͻͷ֮ġծ񡯡
ҲΪû˵Ĵ㡣
ڷԼīطݱĺһһի󣬾Ƽ˽ԼƨƨߵظŵСͽܡ
ҲǲüһƵضտ
ʱգʮǰĲû̫𣬶һƤӣ۽ǵûӶԿ
ۼ⣬ʮȷͺ¿ʮһͷ˿û䡣
ԣûͷ˿Ӧ˵һƶû䡣
֣ƺϾͺ¿ͨĺС
ƼգҲǰȥкģҰѷīطݵ˵һ¡
յλʩȷʵҡҪծģʦܷģʦֻúô顣
ԣҲˡ
ߵ˷ĸǰЦеؿ¶ΪʮֺͰЦݣСʩþò
ŪӣһЦǺǣɲǺþòҪǲʦ¶ǵõµɣ
ΪǶۼһԷ
Ļкж˶䣬ûһ𣬲ŵͷͷƮ
տ˵ﱲˣƽﶼǴһʮ־صĳ
Լҷɣմʦʦܣ˵ʲô󲻾ĻŮʩȻ˱뺷
ҲⷽװͰ͵ġЦеҲֻǲò²ߣȻõͬСʩټһաλʩ
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ʲôҪܴӦӡ
ʶؿīطݣʱҲֻҰݸ磬ܰˡ
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΢΢һ㶣ЦЦѰһζҩģѽʮ֮ãΪ˵ҪȻֹСʩĳ֣ǳһ塣ʮǰҲҹļˡͬСʩӣȴһִʮ꣬һЩµִ
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𵹲ǵһ˵ֶ
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⹦£ȴô׵õģ·ŵĺǣҪ£ûٵʱС
ԣڷ˵⹦£ҲȷȷʵʵǴеĶû
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Ϊûۣ
һɵؿա
Ц˲ڿ
ðɣҲֲҸƬϾҲ֪⹦ɶãҵƬı
Ǹʶģ¶ģҪͺ¿õ㲹ȥ
⻰û³Ѫ
ĵĬ䣬ɲܸСѾͷƽϡ
̾һǲҪȥа֮ôⶫɱǲа֮
ףô֪

յȻȻġ
īطգȻʦѾ֪ǼȥʲôҲ֪ҪĿġ
յ˵ͷϹƬа֮أҲãȴδ̤
ðҲҪ㻹ʲôծˣҰϹȸ𣬰ҵа͵ߵ϶֮˾һʹô
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մһ£ȴΪû뵽Ҫô򵥣
īطȴˣϺ˼ȻǳԴˡ
ס˷ǳЦŶյʦ룬ҲϹȱسô飬ֻ˵ǵĿһ
ĿһȻͲܵˣ
ʱ׹ĵ׺ݺݵԼһڣ̫ˣ


424 С

ԣʧЦؿīطݣĲˡ
ǰ·ԼԼҲһȥҷծ
ֻǰ꣬Ѿ
мһ˵ǾһȥϹȣһ϶ǻծˡ
ʵҲ̫ǣ
ϾԼܣȻԽ֪Խõġ
еΪܲ͸ġ
ŶԷǷԼֽѭŸôظ˵
Ҫ˲Ǻеա
˵׷ծˣΪҪծֱѻʯ֪
Ȼûɶ£ȴ˭Ҫϧġ
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ϾǰҲ˵
аץ϶ҲΪͬйϵ
ʱ֮ǡ
ᵽڻûѣͺ¿⻰˶Ƚһ
ȻѪӦڣһȷ÷İ֣Ҳٻ𼱻ǡ
ҪϹȶԸЩа֮ҪһЩ׼
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żʡ
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͵һҪȥûزʱ䣬λʩеȴ
аɣǸµӣٸһأܲܲɣ
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յݳȥƵãѶīطݵݸ磬úţǵı
ӣ൱ǰĺ˰ɡ
ԡ
ȻѰǿ˵ˡ
ԣֶ֤ͨȷʵЩš
Щ꣬ҲѯʹһΣҼȷǿа֮˭ġǺ֮ᱻɣ绨ܡ
յɫء
īطݶһۣ˶Է˼
ǰȷʵɡ
ϾǺô궼ûʲô⣬ָ׳ջ
յĻǺ񲢲˭ԣҲǰˡ
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ȣǻСǿջȣһȣͺ¿һȥ
ڰǱߣīطҲջīȥţ䶢Ű


ԽϹȣĳɽ
԰ϱѺһڰǰдʲô
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֣˲ûжʲôõ顣
෴ģĴõòˡ
˲ܿԺӴ⣬Ӧ
ڣҪīֽ鼮ͷص˷ַӾ͸Ѱ˹ϹϾغСӡ
԰ȻС磬οܹԽ̵ͲͨС
֪Щ˶Լ̬ôõԭǾԼкܲüֵֵܸߣЩ˲ŲŰ²
֮֮һСޣԴٴҲû취뷨Ӵɽӳȥ
ҡҲ൱زӡ
ǰǴź۵˴ﴩԽϹȵʱװ˯ҲϹһĲͬѰɭɭģ֮أֳŻȳ֮ζ
ټϺ˶ԴЩߴ˵̬ȣ֪ƾһСޣҪӳȥֱڵ죬¸̤ɽ֣ϹȾأû
԰ϲҶģֻܵȡ
ţһġ
СͷдддҲ÷ƣ
԰ʣſڴ̧ͷһۣŴû˵ֵͷдˡ
һʱ׵ͽձʣּ꣬ѾԼķһ£
ѹԼҲòС
ɫѿԭԴ˴ʦš
ҲͰˣЩ˻ֱӽ԰ϹѺһСԺȻʳסжźţһСأ͵Ѻ乬ʲô
Ŷԣеġ
ɽ֣ĴЩСȾҲ˯ˡ
£Ҳ԰ϰԼڷϰˡ
Ǿþ治ѣϾ԰ôҲֻСޣӦʱȴӵбȳ˻Ҫǿ֣Ϊˡ֪֮һ಻˵ʱ򻹻Լǲ£ץ˸С
԰ġĺÿ


425 ͬ

ʵ
һҲ˼⡣
վԵģǺаޡ
һ˲ڶ԰ϣ԰ϵһһȻ˫ۡ
С꣬ȴ̫ڴϻˡ
ۼһƺϿΪϵеĻҪŨ
һɫӣѹſϲͬʱЩ¡
ΪҪ飬ڵĻҪ
һĿԵĺаޣЦʣһˣûаȥ԰ϱӭZмֵˡͬʱСƿء
аһǹһ壬óӶϵôһСޣδɣƣ׾ٵɡ
һԣȷʵɫһ屻ϾɱһΣҪѰ˴˴رܻ¶нѪзӣⷨӶϲ㣬Ҳұ֤ȫС޸סֶΪôõģԸǿȡȡҹһαذ׷ôĻװҳ١
һţҲġ
ڵ˿ԽԽúˡ
ǣȻ켣ڸС߲䣬ȴȡһЩΪǰһʮּɵҲǲ
ȷɣҪõɹȥʹ˼ƣԼʲô槼ЩԵתþǹ֮ģſԿʼȡϵ
ˣ֪Сǰܺ͹ս֮һתߣñ˷ֲһȫǺĳλӸù˵൱鷳ˡ
һЩô鷳
ҵǸߵòУʦĵʦĵȡľΣ׾ٵչˡ
ƫƫһλ̫ˣȫˣ˺ģ
ɽҲ֪ˣȥһҲףϾϹЩӻҲô׵ġ
뵽⣬һĵǼ԰СޣǿǵúúáȻպãܸ԰ϵߣȡΡ
а֪ǹһţǶȡͬаȴЧð
ҲΪʲôڹڣ͹һͬۡȿȣ˵ɡ
뵽⣬аɫһ䣬ɽɱˡ
ʲô
һĴʧɫţôܣǿǼڲµɱ󣡡
а޳˳ǣҴ԰ϣͷ˸ţϹȣǼ˲ûټ֪ûϹȣһϹȾͱˡ
һԣ뵽ϹͷЩаɵô˸ЩǶǲĴڡ
Щ꣬µıֹЩаɵ
ЩǼڶǣͷ״л
һ൱زмһˣû׷˳Ѿ˹ǵĸ֮ˡ
аû˵ɫ䣬֪˼ʲôһĪԤУֱһصɱǼˣΪ϶ҲܱͣЩԵ
Ҳˣ԰ϴڣ飬Щ˻᲻׷ҲҪǵġ
ˣҪչһʱ䡣
һĻ˵ͷԣһȥõµ˲ȥ߶㡣
аӦһ뿪ˡ
ԭǴȥչصģչǰ̲סȥѺ԰ϵĵطһۡ
԰ϻд֣һֻߴߴûû˵ȸ԰ϵΧתתȥòС
˵ı¶ûУȻﵽ˷ָ
һΪŵ԰߾׻ȡˣ
ûô׵ġ
԰Сʮּᶨ
ܲᶨ
԰Ҫ֪а޵뷨ָܲסǺǡ
ﺦܵܲˣʳǵÿš
֪ģﻹФ˼ضߣޱȵŮˣճǰ޶á
룬סܵʲô⣬񲻹ǸСޣҲذףݺݵϣ˸ζ
ţû
ϸôƤĺݣĸ֡
ιСҪȥʦɣ
ﲻ֪˵ʲôȻ˵
԰Ҳûţͷصֻһһһ˲٣Ҳ˵ʮüֵʱڲв
ȥʲôʲʦû顣
̽鱨ǿԵġ
԰룬һССһ㣬ôãҶ֪ʲôطܴҳȥ


426 ųȥ

ȥ
𶺡
ôãԸûʦѹ͸԰һĴֻܴһأͷ԰ϵˣͬҲ
𣿡
԰ϿɫãҲƳԼҪ󣬿˵ǰסˣϣ
Ϊʲôһʺȿȣһı顣
ԼȴСԺӵŶȥ
ĵǺܲЩѿġ
ΪòǺ˵ĻʦĲںˡ
ɫ΢΢ףһ㣬ȥ֤ʵһ£һʦĽͣԭأ
ԣǵ취Ժ뿪
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á
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԰϶ȻͷС֪ʱ²˹ȥԳȥˣ
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ţ֪
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¼ʦԼӦôأ


죬ʵЩѰ
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аҪģīطֻб£ͷȥռС
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ͺ¿ǹȻǽǶڵˡ
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İǷɵĻˣոīطݵߴ粽룬һСģԼİ¾ͱͺ¿קȥˡ
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ŸղŴѵˮУȶһӾյ˶
Щ޴룬૵ͦеġ
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ͨ˵ķ𣬶ԷҲûôĽ䱸ˣʣµļգҲǿȥ
ֻÿо꣬ͻīطݡ
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ô˲䣬𶼾Լ챻ϴ徻ˣԵøϽذסīطݣٰԼװ
īطЩεģͷԼؿڵĽεεСɵý˽§ϸֱۣЩҲֻʣŨͳ硭
û취·ٲŵҲļϵˣ벻ɣֻùżȥ


427 ʥ

պǰͺ¿Ȼˡ
һ˻ģȷ˵ʱһѷƣ
Ƿƽӽôɫģģ˶ɢһֲµķϡ
⿴һۣĵǾͺ¿˵ˡ
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Ҳֻ΢һͻˣǲҿŷƵա
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յ˵ͷ͵ҷʥаȥϹȣò
ԣ治ѣϹǸطڲһհɣΪʲôǰûҪȥǸط
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ͺñҪɱˣҲסһ
ȿȡҵΪϹȣҲܽһ򾡣ǶڵȴһʱõʥϹȵĿܡ
ðɡ
룬˲ڿô˵˾ô¡
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յΪ˵ǰѹƵú룬Ǹһģ÷ƵȥϹȣȥ޻أϹʵǿ¡
ҺīطݲûóȻǰС
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ŷȥټˡ
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ǡ
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𶼱Լ뷨嵽ˣ˼ؽͷīطݵĻͷ
īطݵûо
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ԭҲȷ߳һ㣬Ѿ߳ͷֹˣԴպþ͵ؿڴ
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Щӣǲ׷˵·ϣô׷ˣôͨϹȡ
עȻٷīط档
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īطӲݣüͣЦһ
ţ
š
Ÿͷ
òеؿīطߡ
ʼ˱Լ͵͵ԼˣŶðͳôˡ
ԭ˲ģڵȥīطݣīطݻԪʱ򡭡

뵽ֲ˵ˡ
Ͼ飬Ҳȥһˡ
кԭŮ
ߣٴڴڣкӣͣʹڵøҩһ
ˡ
𲻴پˣС˾С˰ɣĻҰݸؿڡ
ôţû˸ز˲īطݿš
ӣ㣡
СѾͷȻīطЩ޴룬ӽӲôһ˲ַˣһ§˷һִס˷ؿڴȥԴһͳ𣬱֡
𲻶ˡ
ˬ£
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īطݣ
ɵ椶ôʹؿڣȫôܳ


428 һ

Ϲȵа֮ȷʵѴ
ټͬȫģΪ͡
Ϳղࡣ
֪ճȥѰǷʱȥţټͬš
īطݣжʮˣƺƵСǷн
պִĿĵء
ī˿īطݱһȺммҲһ㶣һʱ뵽ȻǣǼӺٷˣҲˣ
һ±ơ
֮īطֱӶ׼Ϲˡ
ī˲ҵȥˡ
ĺܿ죬ջվһӵĺУҲЩ£Ȼ̫Ѩ£ߵīطݸǰʣλʦȥģ
˵ͷǺȥϹȣٲǵİ
ǡ
šüͷ֤ͨ
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մһںӱһ۾ͼסˣΪһѽɫķơ
մǳЦȻҪȥȻȫ֮ߡ
仰˵оԵģһܽϹ鶾ȫγ
šüͷе㲻ţǰĺȷʵкܴĲͬ
ܴϸоŨǿϢպǿ
ҲһΣأ
ĵţҲ˵ʲôˡ
ϾһιעһҲһ
īطݣҲбϹȵɡ
Ƕ뿪֮󣬷ؽ˷ţīطݻؿռһˡ
Ȼʱ򣬷űˡ
īīʮˡīʮţһصվſڣĿ⿴վŵīطݡ
īط֪лҪ˵˽ݡ
ӣͬͬ⣬ϹȣµҲҪȥ
ʵīطݰ¡
ЦǿīһӵİΣ
ϹжΣգȻīطݶȥðա
īطīӵɨһۣ˵Ǹȥô
īˣ
㵣ǣͬǸţ
ҲЩ㶣īطЩ⡣
ʵǲͬһȥģȻҲյģīطݶ硭
ʱ·ʱֲõ˵棬īطһʧ
Ҳ˵һΣգܲһȥȣ˾Ƚռɣ
ⲻʵ
ͬؿīطݡ
īطؿ԰ꡣ
תɨˣϹа֮أҲȥҺͰдϹȫ˵İգˡ˵
īԣﻹܲס
ôô޸֮Ůӡ
ԼոǿϹȺҪľⷽĹȻûճǼ
ī㿴ңҿ㣬ʱúΡ
һͬīطݵӣǵָǻȫϹڶΣգǶӡзĹİΣȡǵӲģ
һЩķˡ
⼸һǲԼɣ
ֲԼ֮ΣĻô˵ģϱӼԲзۡ
ԣīĻʾһȺԲзۣ
Լˡ
ĬĬīطݡ
īطҲһΣ֪˵ı顣
Ӧ˿϶͵͵ȥʱ鷳
ڴӦʱ򣬰˸ˡ
Լ̫ˡ
պãīطݵ뷨ҲһīˣǿͬɫǱŰɡ
īϲҲţӦ֮󣬱˳˷ţСĹغˡ
ȥȷѾ߿ŵīطݸǰ˵ǽҹȥ˷ŵӦҩɣ
īطЦЦ³˼һСҩƿӣһ
ҩˣһ֮㱣ʱ䵽󣬱ָ糣
һµʱ䣬㹻ǰϹȸˡ
ǰǰιǳ½ҩ
ҩƿӣͷ治ѣݸ磬ϲҩôҩҲ̫˰ɣ
īطǳЦ˼ˡ
зĵҩ伮ϸĸֲҩͼһЩŽƵĲҩȫ롣
ҩʵҲ࣬ˡ
һвϡŹֵĵҩûóѣͷʱ䣬Զó档
ôţīطݵ֮ҲûҪˡȽȥռ䣬ʦˡ
ˣ
ǴСǸʱΪȫǺУЪŵʱҲýռ䡣
նûռˣһνȥһȴһ
ԭ᳤ˣ


429 

һԼĪС޹ſȪصİߣһž¿ɰС峺޹¶ͷźȻǰϲķ𡭡
ᣡ
ڷ𺰳һ˲䣬īطѾתȪأΪ˱ӣ߿һЩ÷𾡿ᴩ·һֱû취תˡ
Ҳ֪ôȻ͹سˡ
ŤͷһҰݸ磬Ѿ߳ȥԶˣȻ¿塣
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ᣬңָ𣿡
С޵СԼӡ
ûָ
δӦǵϤСش⡣
嶼ָˣôӻûأ
ʶõĿҲţʲô
СҲǺܲͷ
ĵ׺һϸϸشС
С޵˳ᣬ꣬Կδǡ
̲סȥཱུգָرãQģǿɰըѣ
ԼСʱ򣬺Ҳôɰɣ
սĸ첲̲סֹᣬ㻹ǿָɣҪ̲ס۸ˡ
ôɰСŮôôС
Щš
ðԼҰݸѾ߳ȥԶˡ
һīطݱ㱧һ˹
ףݸ磬ôˡ
īطݵվҪϹȣ˵Ӧдã
ҲǣϹͷĹǴͷ㲻ǹܹ֮˵أ
ҪҪЩȥЩУϾⲻ˵սô
һʻ
ҷ𶼴ˣϹ֮ǰҪһδԸ
츳ܣ㲻þҪһĵе£龧Ϲȵж
Щھס
īطɫһǹ
֪˼ˣԼÿԣǲ⴫
ϾЩȱɱʵ̫ˣһȺģ֪Яʱ򻹲ֱӰǸԷȥ˼䣿
ʵҲǺ˼룬Ͼǣͦµġ
īط룬ǰԴ㲻ī˸ţ񣬻Ǽ룬
ռȱɲǹ񵯡ȵȣֳڵȫᵱѹڿռġ
ôʹãǰҲ̹
ΪǱʹ÷ʽҲ
ʱ䣬ͰЩȱЯȥģҲɴƻʹ÷һһīطݡ
īطݼܺã˵һͼסˡ
ٺС˾ʹȥīˡ
һѾ˿ռҲá
īˣҹš
һ򿪣Ϳīطݺͷ𣬶һ¡
ӡ
ȥ˵
īطӲ๡
ī˵ӡ
֮īˣīطݱŵĺŵԼǵ;ۡ
īطݽʹ÷īʮˡīʮӶ˵ģţôôı
īһ㡣
Ȼīһī߲һīطݣīңīǵҲǿɼġ
ԺīһīҲ죬֮ǰҲżȻīһǹɱ˵ģ
ʱīһûīĵȴ˾κˣʱʱ̼̿סԼҵСӲǺǵġ
ϾǹʵǾףȥĻ´ҡ
񣬼īطݰһĵױܵͷ˼֡
īطҲ漸ˣﲻ⴫Ϲ֮мգǸǵıǱѧǵʹ÷һ˴һ֣ҺͰϹȡϹȺ󣬹ǱɱҶΨһҪǻŻ
īԣҲɫأīط˱֤
վһԣϸԼ˵޲𹥻ըΧ⣬ԵǵҲеʱǧãˣҺͰݸѾ۹ˣƤظϢЩܸߴÿһֻ׸ߣ׳ϲźۣһɢһɸζַӾץסһˣ˺룬ǵУһ㡭
īҲҷɾ裬񾭣ŷĻ
ԣǹҲܴ֡ҽʱҪЩж⣬ǲȷǹǲƤӵҲ򲻴ǵ塭
ԼϹԱһȫıԡ


430 Ը

īطݰ𣺡Ӧ䡣
ĵǱȷҪԶ
óȫʱڵġ
ɱʮǿЩƤҲӵҲ͸ǵ壬оеĲһּӲĿףûκһֲϣֵܹӵ
ϹȵĹٿ£ҲжĻ
룬ԼóϾǿƼֶΣֻЩȻһȺгʲôأ
ţǾݸģӦ䡣
īطݸ˰ֿװˣǧһ󣬲뿪ī˵ӡ
Ȼī˿ŷϵþòܻ
ܾЩ˼飬ɱôǿĻ
īʮ˵Ļδ˵꣬ͱīݺݵصһۣ˵˵ֶ𣿡
һǹĽʸԼ澫ϸĵ̣ԼжӵкģһأƼ򵥣ʵкѷֽСҪǣֽܹġ

λȽʵһ㡣
ǵļīүӣҲ
ЩΪʲôīطóīǲȥģҲīʮˡīʮţЩ˽أҲȥ
īʮŻЩף磬Щ˵ȷʵǱƣܹǷƷҲֵǵʡ
뵽Щ񲻶ֵǣīʮɫܲѣЩЩպޣīطЩóĻֵǲǾ͡
ʮţ
īīʮŵ˼һ֪Լ˵ʲô𣿡
īʮһ㶣һȺ죬˫ȭͷԲ硭ҡҲûԹӵ˼
ˣ
īʮ˴Ļ˼Ƕ˼壬Ҳˣǵīǵģʲôǲø档ΪȥֵҲɳܣһʬ޴棬λҲīҰ﹩ţҲȫǰٵĺܺá
īҶ԰һ죬īڿʼһֱڣˣīڶ԰ѡѡҲʮϿͬʱҲߴ
ÿһīҰģͷʧĹ¶޸ĸ
īǣǣǽǵһʱţûʱǡǡ෴
īҰŵϺŵģīǵĸ
ǵһͣҲǿݣīġ
ԣӵһīҰﴫģвݰԼ͵īҼġ
ȫƾԸ
īʮˡīʮţĸױīҵİīҵıӻꡣ
ԣīҰīǵĹϵһپ١һ
īʮ֡ԹͷʵûгãܿѹˣЩĴڣī˵һڱס
ıټīδʽָ״̬һ֪Ǿǻ³ȻǻΪ˵ж
īʮϸ亹乣ٶ˵ʲôˡ
īҲΣ̾һΣӵĻû
ס
īʮˡīʮţͬص
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īطҲһ
˯֮󣬷ѹīط˵ԼԸ顣
īطԣһӦǣ˺𣿡
ķ
Ȼˣᣬҵ츳ֻֻһʹãôˣеûա
еǸСŶȥɱɥʬʱʹùĩȻĩˣеģڵҪŨĿ죬һͷԸʮá
£ô֪вУа͵龧ܹġ
룬ϵ֮⣬Ըָ伦ˡ
ƶ磬ô٣ã

īطͷ𣬲Ҫǿ
ʵ˵ûҪʹԸ
ǺȺвĿͬϵǵīˣǵԼ
ΪЩУ÷ԼǾԲġ
Ҳ֪ӣֱӲͬԸܻ
Է֪Ϊġ
պд죬īطݼǸ󣬵ȼ׼Ϲȵʱ򣬷պͣ¡
ʹԸ˶ܻŴϹ
ԸҪתԸɹһ˲䣬ȫˣҲû뵽ɹɹʱûЩңûվȵȥ
īطݾһֱվţҡҡ׹ɫҰ׵Ůס뻳Уšüɫ΢۵˵ƭңû£


431 һɱ

һѣιȥ
īطڶĵͳɤҲһ飬Ͻ龧ӯɫҲָ糣еīطݵ⣬Цֺõݸ磬һûעѣڲû𣿡
īطһֱĿתؿȻ֪ǵС
ȻʱɫѾָ糣ĵǣ𣬱ԡ
֪ݸģ
վֱ壬ظֻ֤һΣ
īطҲû취̾һֻֽܽţ˻󣬿ͷպһۡ
Ҳڿǡ
ڷͷԸһ˲䣬͸оһ˿ӿԼڡ
һʮĸоڹ½ֲ̫һ
տ˷һۣ뵽СޱԼץǿжߵƬ
ϹޣܸоȻۣȴûѪ
Ҳ˵𲢲ӣǿ޳ۡ
䣬ܹ۵ֲ࡭
죬ҲûףֻܸоղԼڵʮͣȹ֮
ҲտĿ⣬еëȻ
ʶ§īطݵĸ첲صīطݵȥСʣݸ磬ͺ¿ǿҸղŸɶɣ
īطݵ͵͵һӦǡвͬ
;ͷƤ飬ȥҸۡ
īط׻һĨ⣬£Ҳһͷ˿ġ
һ
Ȼڰݸߣǰȫб
֮ΪףһһϹȵؽ硣
Ҳǵһοֽ硣
ǰһ·ǿһ֮󣬱ʧǰֱǽһ硣
īطһнϹȺҲϡ
īԼǰ
Ż
ǰĳ任ŨĸϢܣʵûסŻ
ʵ̫ˣ
ؽȱӣ
ȻĴӿռ֣īطһԼִһ
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ΪʱǵܣһֻɫܼȺܵ͡
ܶľͷͬǿµģϵǺɫģɢһָĶζͷ˶ġ
Ҳ׷״˲֣ڵڱǡ
ʮĲԶҶʮ־ؿܣǰн
ɫûж
ͣ¡
Ϊ׵պȻ̧֣ɫ΢䣬ǰж߹ˡ
Ƿ׷װڳͣԴ
īطݸܽ˷֣˻ࡣ
īˣīطݺͷΧм䡣
飡
һ죬Ӹߴ͵أųصĽŲ߼н
Ƭ̣ɫǱһӴɢ¶ԭĿ
ǱɫĸľΧм䣬ǰǱʮźɫĸߴӰ
ǵĲƽɢڿеĶζҲŨսһ˲Ļ
ֳַƣһԾֱһǳĵһߴӰϡ
һϴӸߴ׹䱻á
µǿԴҲãɫճҺ屬ء
ߴӰǰУ͵ȥ
һĻˡ
ҵĵһӦ⴩źڶĹȻˣ
ѪǺɫģ
Ҳš
ϵֵͽ˺ѶĹյķ£ȻôһһӾͱͷˣ
ŸߴĹҲͣ˽ŲΪ׵һνӽʮ׳ľ롣
˱ͦվţķȴɽҫۣûմһǰĺɫȾ
ӷ𡭡
Ȼ֮쳹ͷ
ЩڶǸоʲôƵãʶ˺ü
ţӶ̲סһīطݵݸ磬Ща֮ȻҪ÷Ӧ԰µˣ
īطҲƣҲȷʵƳǼ֮⡣
ûɬԵֹؽʲôȻȫתɿȥˡ
ճִŵڶﱬͷڶѾʧԭء
ǡˣܵˣ
òУԼһεľ̫ˣ
ī˻īطݺͷҲողһ˵ʮѹԵġ
ЩûмŤͷܣⲢһ¡
ǻ£ܣ˵Щﶼжʶģ¸ἫѶԸ
Ҳ뵽һ㣬Ȼȥ鿴ǸԼһƸͷĹڵϵʬ塭
һ֮£ȫȳζ
ս飬¶ﱾʱͫ׵𣬲ţ⡭ˣǻˣ


432 ն

īطݺͷҲߵʬǰǹʬʮֶģһ֫ƴնɵΣ֮£ȫǸõĺ⣬˱ǲ˵Ӹǻ
Ż
Ǵ˷Ż
ǵĺǣһĻ̲ס
Ѿˣǿֵ̫˰ɣȻŵĵĸζûһʼôˣʱˣ񻹸оһϤ
ΪʲôϤأ
ЩƣҲûϤ
ţվһãȫ˺󣡡
µڣҶо˲Ծ׷׺ˡ
˳ǺڶʬȻһը
īطݼʶ͵һԼĻʬķ
󱳵·϶մȾʬ屬ĶҺ壬ôûմƤϡ
ȴعʱ򣬾ͷֱըʬǺɫۻ֮Ȼиʴԡ
æīطקһԣۣۡ
Ȼٿڵϵմ˺ɫյۣѾóһ飬һ鶴
꣬һʬ徹ȻЧ
Ȼ£Ҫմ˵Ƥ϶ֱ
Ԥʱ˹ȥ
·ϲСմһĺҲȫһۣ
ղմʦ˵ǻҲˣ
һֱڶĺ棬ղſʬʱҲûǰȥ֡
īطݺͷ˹ǰ˵仰
īطݵ˵ͷմʦԣ۹ǿܡ
ôֿܣ̫ܰɣö˻ģȻǰմʦһǳʲôأ
īҲԻ󣬡Ҳǿܵ˲ȥģ
°͵ҲûֿܣϾҲûǺ۹￪˵ҲûӣΨһʬôըˣûоأֻܼǰˡ
ؼϹȵж󣬴һҲֻʱ̾裬һһ
īطݺյ뷨࣬һ󣬼ǰ
Ȼ߳׶ľʱȻܷ˻ɫ
ţǴһһľȡ
ʦ֣ң
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ܡ
ˣ
Ǳ;ۼܣɫȻϮҶ㲻
Ϊ׵ŷƣŻһֻֻ˹ȥһ˻Ǵ첲ˣڵء
ʣµʮжգŵ඼챻ˡ
˶ǲ
ԭҲйִӻҪץīīʮų˹ȥ
֮ڣǳȥ͸ʲôӲһûѹֿϣǳ
īʮ𾪣īʮŸ죬ͳǹͳץī첲Ĺִһǹ
ǲ۵ģӵȴʵʵڽĸ첲һ
ţǹ󣬹ֱһ£ͷϵˣ˲͵ؽīקأߵץīĹơ
ӵȷʵС
Ȼ㱻ץߣǺôҲõ֤ʵ
ӵãǾ˵ǵã
ųȥĻˣ
īǺܸ˵ģǵһǹǰҲóĺ֣ǹе㲻Ӧ֮⣬׼ͷʲôĶб֤
ɢ
ץ˵ĹﶼûˣΪץߵĺǻᱻ˺顣
ɴȴ֣ϲûѪ
պīʮŴĹֱ֮⣬ûĶˡ
ԣֻǰѺиץ˶ѣ
յɫҲѿʱǵˣ߸
ʣµĺǽվţɫףȫ¡
ﾹȻûڵǽϮ
Ļٿߣ϶
һŻȥ¶ˡ
ЩУСĵضīطݵоа״̬ȷʵ̫ˡȻ˲٣ʵϣֵܸģҲǼǲеģզ죿
˵ĶԣԣҪ취߳
īطɫһ䣬ŷյķȥ
δڣվ֪߹Ŀġ
ǴԭأǼнпٴϮ
ԡֻ뷨߳ɿЩܵӣĻٿߣҲûôױƭ
ǾЩܣնɱ
ŷƣɫƶ󣡡
˵꣬ʾⷽīط˿ԼʣĺǶټ˹
ЩԥīطݵﲼǵնΣôⲼµ󷨣ЩܹӦ״򲻿ԭţܲһնܵÿ죬лѿչһٻɱˡ
ȻķӷպܸߣҲûõİ취ˡ
īطͬġ
ȥ׼˵һ¡
յǱȽϵģȥգ
īطݳʦصǣбİ취
տ˷һۣŵ˵ͷͬȥն
īط뿪ɫźǲµ󷨡
Ųɱаµɱ󣬱רа֮󣬶ۣԼ


433 

ӣҪͬһȥն
īطҪȥ߳ȻҪīˡ
ϣīѹͲȥȥն
īطɫ΢ҺͰնл·ȥֻ·һ
ī˳Ĭˡ
ǲ֪ʲô£Ϊīط˵˼ǣŷܵõǣܾʹ
īòУֻԼ̫ˣŻֹؼʱӵĺȡ
һԵİԣҸһȥն
˵仰ʱʵѾԼˡ
īطݺͷʲô֪ԼҲΪɱϺȡ
īطݺͷȥնһ⣬ԼסĻᡣ
Ȼīطȴܾͬ
ûҪҺͰܰնáҪģ֤մʦµܹ˳ɣǽЩʱܹ˳һٻɱ
īطݿ˰һۣʵæҵġʱ򡣡
˼Ҳˣվһԣſʼĺǡ
īȰīطˣҲû취ֻùԹ
ڷīطݽӽϹȵһ̣ûɿ֡
ȵղϣīطݱѡ˷ǰн
ߵٶȲˣҲ˽ʱŲߡˡ
һΣץ˵Ŀܹﲻ࣬һ
īطֱǹöӵ˳˳ĹԴ
ɫԻĽӴһӾ͵˵ϡ
ĻٿߣûôѶԸԲֻһ
īطûǿʬǰ
ըһΣҪһ·ˡ
īطݵǾͼǰĻ֪֮ǵɳĿܹͻԽ࣬ʱǲźչȥһ򾡡
š
һ׼ǰ
ֻǣôҲ벻뿪ԭͷʬȻӵϻתһԵĺȥ
īطֻܹͬǹֻ
δ뿪īطܾﲻԾ˿ʬ壬ûסһѻ˳ֽʬջˡ
Ȼһ
ԭΪµʬ͸թʬһ͵
˺ôһȻû͸
ҲˣЩܵŲԴϣ
īطݵɫڵѿ
ĻǰմĿܹΪʲôᱬը
Ҳʬ屬ըΪĻٿ߲ٿصıը
īطԽ룬ԽľǵһһڶԷļ֮¡
⡭Ļٿô̬𣿡
Щץ֣˵Ҫݸ磬ɣ
ռаЧ϶Ǹܸܵġ
Ȳżնδɣüǰ
ǰݸ磬һЩѾתϮô죿
ϾǲλãҲǰյҲζţǰпϮ
īطݵɫ׵سھظϣһ߻ȥһ·ŪЩ
š
ݵͷŪķҲܼ򵥣ÿһף˾ͷһ̻
ţû죬Ȼһըһ仨̻
ԣԶĺǣҲܿе̻ΪϹ
Ȼȴ֣ԼԽԽˡ
̻ըĶĲС
ǹߣע
ʲô
԰ܳҲ֪ʲôطţѰ·ƼԶը̻
ﲻȫϹȵķΧʱȥҲƼϿɵϹȺʲôըܴ󣬻ҫۡ
𣿡
ﾪһʶķӦϵĻ𻨡
԰϶÷ˣ˭ڰбըȻСû𣬵ҲףǴֱӵĻ򣬲ִӵĻ档
ǻɵϿըĻҫۡɢҶݣźŵ
ûôźŵˡ
԰ƲƲȲʲôӦôط뿪ɡ
ﱻôһ˵ҲΣΪάԼΪ˳ϣ뱻һССȥһҿﳤģȥкѣ̫ûطʱ·ˣ
԰ϲ˵;ؿϹװơ
ʲô񰡣
ﲻˬˣҲȥ۾ﱾͷòС
԰Ͽ˵ְ˿͸ĸоѹǸСޡ
ʮֲڣƽʱ԰϶ӡ
Ͼһ£ͺԼǹ·ĸоʮ߳ܣ


434 

ڴ
һվڴſڣǰϹϿըĻ⣬ɫüҪγīˮǰܻʲô
һԵĻҡҡͷҪҪϹһʣ
һܸӡ
šüȥѯһСһ㡣
ϹͷЩɶô۾ġ
ǣ
շԸȥһһ˼Ҵҵ˹
һɨһ۳߶Ůˣððʧʧģ𣿡
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һͫ׵ŭɶôţһһСס𣿣
˽Ĳѣ¡Ҳ֪ϾȻƵĶҩЩҩ˷ŵˡ
һģ
Ǹ
֪ͲӦʲôа޵ĻĴȻ£
ɫһǳȥңΣҪ˴Сۣ
ǣ
ֺ˲ˣҴȥˡ
ŵվֽŹϹȡ
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а޵ıչ֮أͨ˵ֶΣǶԷȻԼˡ
һĵɫԽѿܽ˫ȭǾͼңбҪٽϹС
ǣ
һһԶԶϹȻɵϿըһһ⣬һǿҵԤУϹ²Լ̫ƽ
ͬʱĳһɽһۣͷ׷ڳˮԱߵĿ˻۾ڽëϵ΢΢ˮ۵䣬ա
˪ޱ飬ȴһ̣΢΢ճһĨڴѾõǳЦɤƵͳ͸żãڡˡ
ϹС
ĳѨһ䶯Ͽը죬͵һ༱¶塣
һɫʯϣϴõĺɫ񣬸ɿݵ壬ʳֱһ˫ݵĺ۾
ĸ۵ĹȻϹĵ̣
磡
ݺݵش˸磬źʮ۹ԹЩ졣
֪Ϊɶıоһ˿ΣգʲôĶͻȻѣǻĿܣ
ôһ룬ʱĵҲѡ
ɿ쳯ǲúõȥīطݸоĲһ߼ӿٶȣһʣôˣ
§Ĳӣڳؿźĺ۹ǣֲܾõԤУݸ磬Ҫӿٶˡ
ţ
īطݳһĿǰͲף͵ִռ˲õ֮С
ˣ
īԶԶؾͿīطݱŷ߿ǰӰ
īطݺͷһأī˱˿
ʱպȻз
īطݵĻ°͸ļͷϣ𾪲ѵһĻ
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ʱղµ󷨣ǺЩײѧһȻһըΪģЩ½һܿƵطյĽŵ¡
顪
һθߴĹôһһԴУһһұ졣
ٿȥ
ЩһһһٿΡ
ŻϢȴԶžɢ˿
ΪЩһûӳȥȫ󣬳ࡣ
Ȼ
īˣѣԶԶգǳ֮ɫ
գɫģֳַƣշ飬һׯϱ࣬ӷɢ֣øҫۣ˿һۣη
ͷһŶ̲࣬סֹǡɹˣ
ϵʧȥһеϹȹǣյУȻ˲һ
飬˵ĸӣվԭؾþòǰĺǡ
࣬Ӱ£̤ʵһ̣еĺпĿ⣬żһֳݡ
ղûзɣüͷšø˼֡
̧ͷĳһȥɫѿܾʲôа֮ˡ
뷨ͷһ
ȫƾܣϾҲоʲôа֮
ץסīطݵ½ҧݸ磬ͺ¿Ļ𣿡
īطݵ˵ͷҲԼԼоһϢ
ָĳȥ


435 Ҫһ

ͺ¿
ĳѨɭɤӿŨҵɱ⡣
ʯϵĸɿλվһԵĶ
ߵѨڣŻɵİգЦɺþûôֹˡͺ¿ǣӽƣȻ棬Ǿͺúõһ棡
̧ɿݵֻʣƤǵ֣ǱȿֺشģƬ̣һźɫ壬һŨصĺ
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ֻҪõ֮ˣǹҲûˣãȫܳΪĲϡ
뵽⣬ϹԽ⣬ҲȻ֮⣬һ˫һֱ۾
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׼תصռˣȻоܵĿһƣŨɷ֮ˮһӿ˶񡭡
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īīʮˡīʮ˵״̬ȴȫһǱʲô֮͵Ϯ䣬ÿһ鼡ǱĹιǵιͷƤ顣
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մʦֳַƣ⸽壬һƺݺ˿Դ桭
һ£ɢȴӿٵӿߡ
ٶԽԽ죬һɫϡ
ɲɫ˸Сڣ˽ȥٶȷǳ죬˶Ӧ㱻ûں֮С
ճʪԼŨľʹϢ֡
ɫ䣬Ҫȥˣûָסø鲻ʱȥˡ
ˣѾȫ˵ϣīطݡ
Ŀͣʲôʹĥǽһ˯֮С
պòѳɢֻ˯һƬˡ
̽Ϣ󣬷Ǻֻ˯˶ѡ
Ǻɢ󣬾ȻҲû
ֵҪŶӣҲֻһվ
ʮ⡣
ȴԱиͳɤ𣺡㲻صģȷʵֻ˯˶ѡҽ㾡콫˻ѣҵ֧Ų˶ãЩٻ
˭
մ󾪣ǳ⡣
ǵˡ
ɫһҲܲôˣҪôܻǣ
ЩεĶֻΣجΡֻһиجкͣӵеʴеĻҪ¡ǲֱܱģʱħ仰˵ΪϹĿܡ
ڻǵķӣе鷳ҪҲһͬΡ
һ㶣ǰң
ȻȻҲôͬ˵ô࡭ѺҪһˡ
׷ʣҪ˭
ɤƺһЦ⣬ǸŮ޵ޡ
մ󺹣ͦʬ˿ȥ֪ΪʲôЦˡ
Ҫˣīطݡ


436 С

´ظա
ٻŵĻ԰ѹʢŵĻѩ续
峺ȪУСǻȥ̳ŴƮ滨Ҷ
һһǳɫ꣬ò£ͯСϲسȪ󣬻λԼĸѾߡ
Լܵô죬ҲЦȽȽСЩܣȪԵʯͷ࣬Сˤ
Ӧһ֪ȪʱŲҲ
µüĿ续ʯ͸һգգȪﻶȥСǡ
һ
̧С֣СϲͬĻƣϸȻŤͷԺִߴٵֿЩʳ
ЦЦӺѾӹһСɺУ򿪺ݸ˶ȪԵޣСӣ糿ѾιһˣοɲιˡûԵģǲóţ˶Ҳͣ
֪˾˵ģ
С̧С˵Ǿ˾ҵﶼ˵˵ҿɲţҾһܰðװ֣
ЦˣȻСӴǰֻСèͱСӸڳͷûв۵ðҴˡ
ǣСأ
СӵССָףһʳСȪ
ɫ޵СΧС죬ȿֺҪһʳûھͳˡ
СӸˣιһЩ
ȻͷЩԾˡ
ĿȪĳһ͹ʯͷ棬ƺһɫС
֣㿴ôˣûгԣǲǲˣ
ˣ
Ѿһ⻰⻹ˡ
ҪȥƣСӣȥһ͹
⻰˵ڡ
Сһ԰ǶģƣڳԶֻأǵֻ
һҲһ¡
ԴСգүɫ޺ÿС㣬ͷҲƴСҲһʳܹԡ
ⶼ˴ˣôö˶˵ؾͶһأ
ҲƣƽչȪСʹӺ˹
ʹһƣҲܲ죬ūҲδֻСƾðһ
˵ö˶˵ôƾðǾүһ
ֶСӵͷͷȥʣЩСɲң˵Ǿү˴Ǯⷪġ
СЦǺǵأӦǾ˾͹ģҪһϲƣֻСֻҪÿأ
ָָΧһŵСǡ
һۣС϶Ǻüɫģалк컹кڡΨֻʯͷСȫǽɫģûһɫɫȣƬˮпȥƺɢһ˵Ľ⣬ۡ
ȷʵ
ֶ̲ס̾һԾү͵͵͹ŵСӵȪͷСһϲɡ
СӸ˵òУߣӾȪȥ㡣
ѾǶŻˣСʹãˮūȥץɣ
һѽͼˮСӸ
һģȪصʹӶܿ죬ţֻܿССʯͷµĽС˹ȥ
С˯˿Ҳ֪ץҲá
ԺؾͱݵСӵĸǰ
СƼɫС㣬ӿģĻϲ
ø
Ѿ׼մʢȪˮ˵Сӵĸǰ
ץʹССŽ
СǲһԵСЩżֿƣôѽǲˣ
أö
ֽ͵˵ᷭƤģ㿴ûзƤСӣҪͷ𣿡
Сͷ㿴һʯͷ£ǶȥԵˣ˯ȥܻɣҰͷιһʱ䣬ٷŻȥ
ЦСӹȻϸ緢
ЦЦߴѾ߶һ㣬СĽŵͷȥ
ܳһε
ôεѵġ
е£۾ƼһƬףԼʲôԼȪ˯žѽ
һͷŮ̾СȻÿֲСӻôϲأ
ѽǵСЩǧСչ˺ˡСӿģͷˣӲܹĺһЩ
ԺĵС˭ѽΪʲôҪץأ


437 Һ

ûж
Ҫ˯ʱ䳤ˣղŵĶԻһʱûѹ
ߣѾ߰º󣬾뿪˷䡣
ûأһϮһ˯˹ȥ
ֱһ۵ͯٴλͷȻ󿴵һžƯС
úÿ
һӾ˾βͻڶԽԽо̲סݡ
кƼˣؿģһʰֺ֣С˯ˣڸأҪιʳԣ
ЦУСŵι
к˼æȥװʳСɺйһӽˮͷ
ŵʳܽˮζǺϲ
֪ЩʳƯСιԵġ
ݺ⣬ġ
ֻΪһֻѾɾĽ𾫣Բֶѽ
ЩΣһβԼԵһƬӰ
кƼȲѣæ֣˵֣ô죬Сʳˣ

ʳ
⻰Ҳǵһ˹ȥƼСȻʲôûгԣԼ
кͷǲģ£ȶˣȻȥԡʱˣСЩȥ˯ɡ
ã
СкؿСüۣŸ˴齡
ֳȥ̲סֹСɲܾʳԷǻģҲϲ
ЩԷòã
۵Сͯ
öЩ̣룬ҲԶʳĲܳ԰

СкСһһĵòУһ磬ѾԼƣȥҽС
С
ôţСк߶߶˵˺ü仰Ƶػص˴ϣ¡
߶Ҳе㲻ͷˣ£׼ʱó˸кεΣˡ
ᵹҲûʲô˵á
û¹ɽҲûƼͬࡣ
Щ֪ǱЯġ
Ⲣһδ֪̽ǰֵһУ˯˵Скǰûģ治ѡ
վڴߣСкСһûסִ˴ϵıӡ
ＸֻһͷŶԭ𣿳ÿÿ
ǣڴͷŴϵСкһϣֱʱ֣˺ģرԭΣص
˯ǰĻǣ˯Ҫٿǳúÿ࡭
գҹû¸ɣͶڴ߿Ск飬ûб˷֡
ֱĳһΣСкƳԶĳֺˮҹ˶ӣʵ̲ס۾ҪлſڵѾߣƼԼߣŽɫɴȹ𡭡
Скˣԭأԭ۵ĶӣһӲˣֱضǰԼһСÿɰСá
㡢˭ѽ
Скعȴûк£Ǻش
ҲָָĶӣʣڽС
СкԣСһ죬ס˶ӣæ´ҹͰ
Ͱͷ棬ܽȥҲû뵽Ž
ڹͰŻӣվһԣ
СкˣĿİͰ˵ҡڳ㲻Ҫ
Ϊʲôܿ
ʶʼںؼŨ
ǲҪʳģȻҲûֻأԶСк飬ֻʣĺ棬Ӷʡ
͡ǲܿô顭
Скһ˵ţһ̲סӣһɫѿˡ
𿴳ˣСǲǶۣҿ԰㡣
ҡҺСɣ
С˭
ԴһɻӣܿߵСкĸǰ
СкȻǿĿ
ҽã֪ʲôŮбˣһ㶼С̫
Ȼ֪ǰСôȻֵģƾҲܸоԷԼûж⣬ߣСཱུģ۾ִʮֿɰЩǶҪÿһʱ䶼ʶԷ
֪Ϊʲôܣ߹ȥˣȻ̧֣СкĶϣһͽȥˡ
СкƿͷԼĶһ㶼ˣ㶵ؿཱུС
СϹ˹УĵĶӻ𣿡
Скʶҡҡͷˡ
Ц˻ĵǰɣҿǺģ


438 ˶

ĺ
Скؿ
ܿԼڵ״̬_һֺˣĿİͰͶ˵㡢ȳȥһ£ͷҺòã
֪ҪɶôеҲû룬ʹӦˡ
СкϽƨƨϹͰϴСצӺ󣬲߳ͷ
Ȼ󿴼ǸɰСڴߣεŽѾӵùԡ
Скֺ˺죬룬֪Сã̫˰ɡ
ĽǶɰСôԣԸһˣġ
ôţСкѾߵ˴ߣǰɵСãʲôѽôҹܵҵķ
ҽаһֱﰡ

СкˣоԼûλɰСõĻ
һֱ
š
ָָ̧СкҾ˯ʱ򣬾ˡ㻹ûء
Скеҡ
С˯
˵ˣյǱߣһͷյˮ֮ûĶ˶ˣҵСأ

˹ȥյߣ˵ѽ
㣿С
СкŤͷŵؿ
˵ͷЦ绨㲻Űұȥ㿴
˵ͱ䡣
СкûգۣͿƾԼǰʧţֳ˺ü죬ȴһʳԵĽɫС㡭
һֱó
Скûգֳۣˡ
ۣ
Ск治ѣؿСʣСã𣿡
룬˵˸˵ǽ𣬺һ㡣
Ск˷ܼˣ´һŵϸɴȹǵ·ȫһģһ֮⣬Сõ۾ϣţ·Ƭ
棬СͨͨСʣãҿ𣿾һ¡һûأ
ʲôǻ㻹ûи֣Ҳ
СһܿСצӡ
СкԼ˱˵֣ûҽܣæ˸˵طݣãԻҽݸ磬ҵǶôҵġ

룬Ҳ֪ôģ˵ͷãͽ㰢ݸ硣
ݸ硣
ݸ簡

֪Ϊʲô԰رִš
ûϵΪСطݺܿͲЩСϸˡ
ܿģԼȻֽģСӣܿ͸
ûʶΧһж˺棬Сطݱ䵱ָĽɫʶ˺öණ
ֻǿϧĴڣܸ߱ˡ
ΪСط֪СŮҪǱͷ˷֣пܻᱻлߵʿץߵġ
ðץߡ
԰ȥѧãԹ˯ȵʱ˲ųһˣ
Сӣûʲô˼ʱ䣬ͱ˲Ծ֮
ַС˿һˣҲʳÿվͲҪСӼ˵ţΪѾˣˮʱǻᶯġ
һ˾ֲѣȻоʳܻС
αԼСľ״̬ƺ̫ãʱڴǷȥϿΣҲǹǷҪСϻۣӽĶһͼҪַӱ浽̫Ӻ̫ĸǰȥ
Ȼû״̫ȴǰ쳣
ĳһգСطݵõ׵ٻƨƨߵܵ׵Ժ䣬Ȼĸ㣬ԵĲֺ׺ֲעʱ͵͵
СطΪȴδ룬Լһһ׿С
궵˶ϲϲ뿪
̫ߵ֣ݶˣ
ֻص˵յǱ̰ЩѾߵѾ߳˺üСԼڷͷ档
̫һڲ裬ʣأˣ
Ǳߵû˵ʲôСӴϻۣʲôѧһܼǵŷӵСͯ˵СӽϿΰ˯
˯˯𣿡
СӵԺ䣬ҹţҲһ㣬˱Ϩ˯
̫ԣһжûʲô仯־ãԾ
ƽնԱˣΪʲôҪ͵͵ȥأ
̫û岻ãȥҽݶ
ܿȥ
ֶ̫һԵѾߵȥֻúúõʲС
ݶ̫ӵӣݲðʧ
̫Լȥæͷ߻̫ߵѾߣ֪﻽Ϊ£
ﵭƽСӶ־ϣ»ֹȥЩСӵ顣
ԣ¶˶
չط£ΪȻ²ûʲôСӶҲмԼûʲô£Ҳ̫ټʲô
ôţͦŵˣ·Ĳ˲١
ȴ֪Сӣǻš


439 һʲô

ãҸ͵͵ңͷĳģɺóˣ쳢
СطһصԼͷȰŹʵˣٶͷ˵ŵҡ
ŵζȻ̲סˮˡ
ԴСطǰСطݸʳԹһκҲƲסԼĿڸ֮ˡ
ɶʳζһɢҲɴ಻˯ˣŵͷһַ˳
һȻҲһ
һգ۵ĹһСŮ޾ͳСطݵĸǰĵؽӹҳһ߳Իһߵлллݸ磬Ȼúóѽ
ִִ
Щиģĺ񫡣
ܿ죬뵽һ⣬Сطݣݸ磬ղǻҪϿôô磿
Ͳˣȥһˣʱֺߵ˽йȥˣȻͷţҲҺԶѽ
±˷֡
ʵһ㣬ûж⡣
ȻֻһֻССĽ𾫣Ǻġ
ȻⶼȥôʱˣΪʲôͷҹѾ߶ûĴڣ
ʵСطݲÿնʱ˯ֻǰʱϨƶѡ
ܷ֮ųһط磬ڷһҹ飬Сطˣ
ˣǻġ
Сطݿʼ¡
˾ڴϣӷߴߴ˵Ļ
һ˵Լ𾢣ΪµˣСطݾǽŽţͰԼ˯ˡ
˯ˣҲţȿ켦ʱ򣬲ƵشӴص
ֻʱ䳤ˣ磬иĺġ
ȥذڶβͣ룬ҪҵȥˣĻᣡ
ҺСط𣬸µĹ¡
ֻһΣе㲻ͷˣ˵ݸ磬ȥ濴ܴҳȥ𣿡
Сطһеˣ̫ܣȥᱻ˷ֵġãӣ֪ģöеʿҪץӵġ
֮ԱǣؿڵݸĺˣأǾץңҲץģ
СطݺԥմԼķԼҲûɶɽƵģȷʵۡ
ɣҲϿΣȥף˵ȥͷôȻȥ
𣿡һ˫۾ؿڴ
Сط룬ӦáԵİɡ
ζòӺ͵佱ôᣬ϶ҲܴӦȥεġ
ֻҲû뵽ڳȥ֮ǰȻȰҽӭˡ
̫ûɽֵϼʡ
Сطڸ¥ϿƯգ¥ѾŵĶ
ãˡ
֪ͱСͷתȦȦ
СطݴţƼ״˸׺үүվſڡ
ݶλڴˣҽѰ塣
Сطݵ˵ͷûоܾԹԵҽ
ҽƺ󣬵С念޴󰭡
ҽĻ̫һźۼشӣȻۼط֣ϣ˼ҵǻûüʬ𼣡
̫˼Ц⣬ĸŶӵͷʵݶճԵñ𣿡
СطֻĸڹæԵñʱöӶ
Ͼһ˳Է͵͵Լһķ˷ָȻҲԲ˶٣ԭķˣһӵķ˳ˣȷʵӣȻСطҲᾭҪˡ
̫⻰Ŀ⿴ҽ
ҽСǳʱ̫¿ʵſС³ʳơ
̫ЦƽʱҲЩ㣬ͳԵöࡣȷʵǱĸ׵ˡ
˵ţȥСӼӷӲˡ
ϢСطȻǿޱȣ̫ﻳš
һĸТĻ棬ҽ˶̲ס¶۵Ŀ⡣
ȷ˶û£ִ̫һȺ˺ƺƵ뿪ˡ
ҲǸ̫һģĲ̫֪ҵҵСźúܺãûжΪѣ˼仰ͷ˻ˡ
⵹Ǹ˸ѡµСӵҲѳʲôԽΪʱҪģһ˾Сӵǵ̫¡
̫һվһԵСѾߵ̲סڴϵСط˵ѽղǿҽСĪˣǵûʳˣҲʵġ
Сطһ⻰һ£ˡ
Ͼû֪ʵÿ춼ڳԷ
ѾߵĻ̲סˣ˳ǣ̲סѾԼǰһ˵ʲôأҽ󳼣Ǹϵǿġһʲô
һʲô
⻰Сطȴ̧ͷһۣ˵֣Сõѡ


440 ˾

һĵһ⣬벻á
Լ̫ûˣ
ôСӸǰ˵ֻأ
СƯСţȻ˵ʲôʲô
ԭ˼Ǿҽһ㿴̫֣СӼҼ˵ҲͰˣһѾߣҽʲôˣ
ˣЦжСطݵȻССĺѣǶֻ֪СϾ˲ͬҪ򿴣ҲҽŶԡ
ѾҲ׹ˣŵһ亹æ£ūʧԣС𷣣
Сطݿûô˼˰֣Ҳûʲô֪ǹС˵ĺܶԡСܺãҪҽû¾ȥɡ
㲻ˣҲö˵Ļġ
Сطеż˳ȥԼһ¡
ֺѾ߼״ҲԼСܿ˳ӡ
һϣСطݾ͹ȥŶС˵ñ£ҽҽҶǷģ
СȦݣ˼ȦСطݻӦ
Сطȴ֪ԼղżǱͷָע⵽ˣĵҲ̲סƣСʲôʱôˣųֱš
εҡҡͷȥʱְѸո˵Ѿߺݺݵѵһ飬ܺԼͣɲΪСӺź򣬾͵Ρ
Ҳŵʱ䡣
̫˹СطݵǱš
СطݵûԣСǰ׼˷֮ġ
Ϊǰ̫շ˻СȻСطݵҪû飬һߣ׼ˡ
źСطݾȥε뷨
̫һ£Щȵݶտϲȥͷġ
Сطݵףӽ飬ܾЩƣųȥߡҵСҲҴһþˣҴȥɹɹ̫͸͸
̫Ȼ֪ϲԼҵܵ͹С㣬շڷͷòС
ⲻ͵͵Լһȥιʳ
СӵͯͯȤ̫ĸ׵ģûоʲôãЦЦѵݶȥһߣǲˣЩ顣ȥ˾ˣ˾˽еúܣҲϲͷ棬Ҳ֪ã㣬У
Сطϲ˾˵ģС˾Ͳ󣬵ĺۡ
СǾ˾͸ģôƯСûлл˾ء
Сطݾ͵ͷӦˣãǶӾͺ;˾һȥΣ
š
̫ЦӦһȥīš
Сطݻȥǰֶ̫ЩϢսβо˾˵ܡ
ǵܵܣСǺɱȥ棬ûھ˾ˣͰԼڻˡ
Сطͷ˵ãԵòС
̫һ¶ӵĶͷطȥ
ССӰʧ֮ڣ̫̾һʮͷ׵ɫȴ͸ŨҵĲɣĵ壬ݶȥסжˣ
صһˡСҲˣٹãҪѧˡ
СطݴɣڼѧϰѾˣʱ򣬵ѧֳһͬѧϰˡ
뵽̫ɫԽƣ૵ô죬ôɿֵӣжˡ
վһԵĽû˵
Сӿɲ̫үΨһĵճӡ
̫үµĹϵãɱ¶СӣǷļϵġ
ʼң飬޿κΰˡ
Сطݲ֪Ϊжǳ
ȥֿ֮˻ûһ·ŻԼԺˡ
ϾݵС£ǰ̫ûסˣȹ˷ţ˷ܵضС˵
ãҾ֪ˣ϶ܴӦҵ󡣡
ͿԳȥˣ
ܻҾ˾Ҳһ㻹ǵ𣿾ǰ͵ǼˡǾҵС˾ˣС˾˿ˣ
ô˷ܵ˵Ҳе̲סˣγ˭ѽ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ǵԼɽϵȪˮ˯žôһգ۾Сطݵˡ
¶Ҳᣬ
ҵС˾ˣãƼˣ
á
Լ׾˾˿ø컨קһ˶˼ֺ档
Сľ˾ˣǺηʥ
磡
īУŶȿĿ䲻˸磬ŵһˤȥһƵԼıӣ֣˭ӣ
һͷһλӶС̫࣬˵̫л


441 ĸӶ


컹δҪȥεСطѾȥ밲֮ͣʰҪϵߡ
ôһͨҲˡ
ͷҲ׼ˡ
̫ˣһۻ˸СװŵС㣬ʧЦɵݶҪһȥ
Сطݵ˵ͷ˾͵ģҪ˾ƣҰСÿɺˣ
̫Σ۵ȥ˾ˣ湻ˣЩһš
ã
СطصͷСӣʱ򣬶°ˣߵС
ѾæСһھܾˡ
Ժ˶֪ԼСж౦ƯС㣬ԴҲȪصˮһ裬Ϊ˸Сˮ
Ӻ͵īſڡ
Сط̽ԴûƼС˾ˣſڵĻС˾˻û
صС£СˣضǱߣ˵ҪСȥΡ

СطԣӶ˼ּ֣չ˺СͼҴīܡ
˴ƼԼҷʵС˾һƥɫС˵Ż
С˾ˣʲô
Сطݺ治ѣһ󣬾ͳ˹ȥ
īСĺԼİ蹵ͨţϽ߳
⻰û˵䣬СطݵīСһŤͷƼ˳ԼܶСһһ죬ЦȽȽؽܹСһﱧ
ϣŶòǼСֳ˲١㰢˵ԵúܶࣿôСҲְ
īСӵֱƺЦЦشŻСӣ̧СС
СطæסԼԲ۾ĹĵصɣС˾ˣСģ˾ͲÿˣɲϲĶӣ
Сӣû˵ĸӶ仰һţֻ࣬Ҫģ㣬İɡ
Сطԣ˶ˡ
û뵽ԼһС˾ˣ˵ô׵Ļ
ԡ
С˾ΪʲôҪţࣿ
СطݵɫͲˣɵĲӣ˵С˾˵Ҿ͸ף˵׵Ļ
һҪȥԼҽǰ״īСʵˣֺõСһͷɱ𰡣С˾˴˻ô㲻ҪȥʲôȥĵطԵĶ˾˶ȥô
СطݼôϵҲǰѸղ¶֮ԺˣĶϰͬԼ˵Ļ
Ҫ϶ģҪ˷֣ͦѵġ
Сطݽʾ֭룬˵ϲһĵطСϪ֣
Ҫ󣬵ǲѡ
īС룬Ҳˣ費ǳͲɣǰСź̹ҪСǣһƥСطȥ
һ˴īſڳ
īСĻƼһһƣ֪īСҪȥˡ
ǣϢܿʹ˳ȥ
һֱĽīСӷɵǧǣҲ׷ѡճོ̤Ρ
û¾ӵ
ȻǺ󻰣īСӲ֪ΪѾС˺̵Ŀĵء
Ϊη羰ĵطв٣īСھ˹ˣҲϲͷܣԶ⽼⻹ȽϤܿҵ˸СطҪĵط
ͣʱƿСطݾƼǰһСϪ
СϪȫʢŵһƮ䣬ոһꡭ
СϪϵһҲˮ£峺ףԼСϪˮﻶȥ
īСӷСطݱ˳Цʣôط˾ңû֪ˣ԰úˣ
С˾
СطݺƬطĿԼҾ˾һ䡣
Ȳþ˾˰ԼȻӹѾߵݳС
ǵͷҲǣСȥʮֻ졣
īСƼˣһ£㰢˵ر𱦱С㣿
԰Ǿ˾͸ҵģСرɰرϲ
Сطݸ˵زУССϪǱȥ
īСվԭЩˣ룬͹üС㣬ûмղɡͦƯһ㣬ԸŶϲ
ԼСôϲ㣬īСپϲҲûжС˼ЦЦ󣬳СϪߵС˹ȥ


442 ܵ

ȻСڶССֹʲô
ϲϲطСϪأ
㿴СϪҲҰųһô
ѽ𣬹ȻɰƯģЩСڲģóŶ
īСӣ
Щ£ûӦƼԼСССϪﵹȻƯСһ£СϪ
ݣʲô
īСӾˣæǰߣӾҪˮȥ㡣
С˾𶯰Сͷأ
СطݼˣæīСӡ
īСڵģ˵㲻ҪС㣬Ҫ
ôÿС㣬ͷСĿˡ
ܼСȻСˡף
īСҪѵСͷһɫС㲢ûԶǰСϪСʯȥ

īСѵĻе˵ˣСʣܣ
ΪʲôҪܣ
СطֵؿԼС˾ˣķʣǲ𣿡
īСӣ㣬ӻǵһ˵Էų޵ģ
ʼԼСǲǱɵˣ
ȻС߷ΧڻȥȷʵûԶطȥ˼
ȻǰҲСϪûжңĻĿǰƲͷ
Ҫܣô̲
Ҫ׾ˡ
ҲŷŷѣСϪˮɱȪˮ峺ɾö࣬ͰԼϴɾˣϪˮȥоԼӳ˼֡
СطݾͶСϪߣȥʮ𾢡
īСӣ㲻ܣҲϡһϡ꣬;ûˡ
Сطһ˷ȥһŽʵͳһ£յؿ˻
ǱֺͼСѾڰѴӸĶȡ
Ѱһƽ̹ЩĵأһɲݣһĵӣСطݵ߶棬ҲСطݻǼСӣ⿴ˮ
СطԵСѾ߻ȥ˵СŻСϪûܵҲ˾ϡ档
ССӰɡ
Եӣ˵èˣö˵
ˣǿСèɲһ
ͽͣΪʲôСųȥˣҲܣ
ҲҲɵɡ
ţǵģһ㶼ҪɵɵģųȥҲ֪Ͻܡ
֪Լ˵ųɵ㡣
ˣˡ
ͷôˣƾձ
εķȥˡ
Сط֪ˣΪ˶ˡ
ֻҪˣԼ͵͵ȥͷٻͺá
СطҲûߣΪȥĻҪС˾˻˷ˡ
ֻԭأװ㣬ڴص
īСӿ飬ŤͷԶСĵͷ̲סЦȻСӣһ㶼ôá
˸Ƿ̲ס룬ڵϣȻ˯
ԼҹɶµСҪҵСħǣôеʱ
ûжԱȾû˺ôϲطô
ֵûǴһԼСӵıӰһó߻廨첹첹ѣСѾ˵˵ȤţҲʮڡ
˺þã뿪˵߷ΧڣſߣóΡ
СɰֹɣСϪߣϪˮӳԼģϵƬʵ̫ˡ
ݸ˵Ҫ
һϵƬȫڵ˰װ۵һСκβĵط
ȻСǻǺܲģ൱ɹأ
ܸˣԼûй
˭
һ£ӳСޣɻ󲻽⡣
ƴĵףܵ뵽֣ر׽ˡ
һûԹӶˣԲˣϾյĿ꣬ǺͰݸȥ
ɽˮãôƯһʤյľɫÿһں·ڣ˸оʮʡ
ãԼ찮طˡ
һߣСطݶСϪߣһϪˮߵСʯͷһϸ뿪ʱ䡣
òʱУһ̧ͷεķȥƼԶһĨССӰˡ
СطӵСʯͷ¶Цݣسķȥ
ֻǣôһܣֺѾǶˡ


443 ˭߶Сǧ

СʲôȥˣǻʲôϽȥ
һѵŻ˵Ѿǣһأææ׷Сطݡ
ж˯īСȻҲˣ»СطȥķһĺȻЦˡ
ϣСֶʲô񣬸ôԶƼǱиС˶
ϷʵЦţûǰȥ
Ͼϰ֮ˣҲǲġ
ѾǶ֪СطܳȥʲôϣѾС˵òˡ
ţһùֿɰСޣ·ȵúܡ
ãˣ
Сط̫ܵС˵ģߵĸǰһѾסС֣ĵǸϽһȥɣ
ѽ
۵ɤŴػӦš
һֺѾǱ׷Ƽ˱ԼСߵСŮޣ϶¶𾪵ɫ
СӣλСǡ
ǰãҲģ
Сطݲû˵Ǵģ̬ȣֵˣʶ
ϸϸ
ҲһϸɴȹһƱüֵƵŲϣһ룬ҲĳλмСǧɡ
ֻǣСǧ棬ôû˸ţ
ĵɻ󣬵ԼСС޵һһȵòеģЩ˼˵ˣ˼붨˵Ȼȥʾүүʶ㣬ܸ֪ǴļܳСǧ
ѾҲͷʣֲ˵ҲʣֻĬĬСӺСǧĺͷ
īСѾˣ΢΢𣬴űСطݴԼǰСѾͷ
СѾͷģ峺ò¿ɰҲཱུģͬʱգһ˫۾Ҳڴ
ãҵľ˾ˣԸһ˾˵ģ
˵ͷɵغīСһ˾á
Ŵɤڿڵһ˲䣬һļһ´īСӵļϣ˶һ£عСС˼ϲͿȡ
ϣ˭ҵСǧôôɰþ˾˱òã
īСӵøƵãͶСһƽӣ˫֡
СطҲһ¡
˾ˣ޵˷Ӱ
Ҳûô˼СطݹϵãīСС˾Ҳǻ˵ӡ
˵ԼɽϵȪģīСӣЩøеġ
´ʱεЦҪչСѵĹ򣬵ǺܸӣͶɵĻС
īССޱʱ֣ĵ׶˷ܵģѽ
˭ҵСѾͷôôôôɰ
ͻȻ;ԼҹɵСһ㶼ˣô죿
СطҲС˾˶ϲ֮飬ͷҲ˵˻ǲˣе㲻⣬קק˾˵Ͱ͵˵˾ˣҪͬȥѰ÷Ҫð˾ˣ
Ȼī˾˳ţȰؿŻﱧŵСѾͷʣС˭ҵСǧ𰡣ǲǲС߶˳ģ
˾˾˾ˣѰ÷
ѽСޣɽҰģûˣǼҵѾҲ̫ûˣȻ߶ˡ
˾ˣ
ûϵȻ˾ؼô
𣺡ܾðݸС˾˿֡
С꣬΢΢üͷһקīС˾ѵСطݣСطݺɤӶˣīС˾˵Ŀӣ챻ȥˡ
īС˾˻һֻģ
˿պģīС˾ˣ˵˾ˣͷݸںء
ţ
īС˾˻񣬵ͷƼ˫ֻأĹĵضС߷ߵغһ
īС˾æβѡ
Ҳû뵽Լһű˼ҵĿɰСŮڵ߲·ĵز
û취аС̫ɰˣ
īС˾æСͬԼСǸԲ˰ݣǾ˾˵ĴոƼɰСãеϲͷ
ǿţֱСﶼҪɰһһ۶̲סڻ۰
ԭΪѾܻˣ˸СͯһСطݣСرȿɰ
Ƽ;ã԰һ¾ȻбǷ޶˸ķ޴ڣ
ʰ죬СﶼûԼ˭ҵСǧ𰡡
СطѾŰǱȥһضԼС˾ˣС˾˷ӣѰŵˣǲˣ
ʵҪС˾ٶЩʲô
ϾҲ˵ѣֱһ䣬Ҿʹˮͷʲôعˣ
Сط¼ˣСŮǶҪĺеʿߵġ
ŸոС˾˵ģЩĺеʿ
īСһСĻ;ѣæֺõش˹ȥ𰡣ᣬƣЩ߶ҲûʲôģС˾˴ȥĵطˣˣô


444 Ǻ«Դ

īС˾˵Ļǡ˵Ŀȥˡ
γɲΪȥʶʶ磿
СطݵЩ߶Ҳ˺÷
ΪīС˾⻰СطݵģҲֱģڴؿСطݣϽӦ
СطȴЩԥˡ
ȻԼҲܺ棬Ҳȥһĵط棬ôС˾ЦøһƲôأ
üͷѯʾ˾ˣǾ˾Ҫȥ˵ȥǲܿǡ˵ˣЩطЩСܹȥˣġ
īСЦеģСŵСѶرϲĵط
ûôţ˼ʲôģˣīСӵĻȻԽѾסСطݵ䣬ߴϽӦ
СطƺھʲôšСüͷڿǡ
ܾòԾأ
ݸ硭
Сغôһ䡣
ղŻţŵһڶˣСطɾֻͷðɣǾ͸С˾ȥɣ

ĵòС
СطȴЩգЦø꾫һС˾ˣԽõȥĲʲôõط
һߣֺѾѾѶʰˡ
īСӽС
ڱʱȴʵС벻
Ϊʲôôʣ
Ϊ͸ղſߵʱ򣬱Сطߵһ˫Ĵ۾ôֱضǰߴƣĿתǺ档
ơûһ
īС˾Ǹ˼ϸģͿ˼ԲŻôһʡ
СطѾС˾˵ʻû˵ʲôأǰСڴʣĿ𣿡
ȻԣС˾Ҳʮ˷ܵӡ
Сطɲ̫С˾ΪʲôǣرǶ԰𣬺ҵʲôϲĴ󱦱һ
СطݲŨҵΣС
ǽСӣС
С˾߰
ǣռȻСط͵شڳסҪߵСֱۣīС˾˵ҲҪҪͰһ𣡡
īС˾ˣͻȻԼСе㰭ۣô£
ȻīСӻԼû취СְСطݱȥ֮ԼſԽ
ҲֳסʱܰСҲ£뻳УС޲С׹
СطҲһẦ£СˤȥСֱ۽§סڻ
η壬һУþòɢ
ǣīСӣôСޣۻһȥ
ֺѾܵĵϵˣһСˣ˸Ʒˡ
ڣʲôⶼûз˳ؾͻص˳С
ʳǣӽ£ַǷ
Ǹʲô
СطݵĻƼ˽ϽǺ«һ䡣
СطʵҲ֪ŤͷԼС˾ˡ
С˾ЦһóԵģ˸
˵գںĻȥһǺ«͹
Ǻ«ﴮͮͮСӣɢζе̲סһھҧȥ
ÿСޣӲǽǱҧˣǲһ죬ԵͷĹ⡣
һԵĸˡ
СطǺ«еÿģҲ̲סڿˮСʣãɲԸҳһѽ
ҲǴ󷽵ģǺ«˹ȥ
СطڴҧһڣȻ󡭡ûҧƣǽʮûСݸҧˣᶼȳˡ
áѳԣ
˿ǿ޳İݸ磬ҲֽۣӹǺ«ҧǽ󣬲ŵݸСطݣҰҰС˵ԡ
СطҲҧĵطҧȥǳԵͮͮС⣬ȻСᵽŤ
ᣡ
СطݿˣǺ«ʲôӲᣬΪʲôóԵô
ʵҪǻĹһԣŻЧֻĹ⣬ǽȻᵽС
ȻСǲһġ
īС˾˻۵ز˵Сᵽο޳ģͬģ㲻سЦ
ݻ𣿡
СطСίòС
ͶȰҪôھûаôأ
Ҳоľɥοݸ磬ǲһ
ҿ࣬ôһأ
ҧ飬ҲԴġ
ţǺ«óԣ
ٳһ
ӣҪˡ
ںͷĻȻǰīС˾ˡ
īС˾ǰͷĽУˣСطݺСһһϱ


445 

һӾͱˡ
ԭƼĶǴǵԴǰȫȡ
һ£īС˾˵½ǣ˵Ҫ
īС˾һѽŵԼĲϡ
Ȼ٣ȴԼĪһװˣļϣٴߣһſԴ
ʮֿģæīС˾˵Ķͷ
ȻһĻСطݸˡ
С˾˾ȻðĲϣ
̫ˣ
⻹С˾
ˣæīС˾˵·ʵ˾˾˾ˣأô찡
ôϰ֮ˡ
οСҲûأڲϲûиѹ
īСְԼСֱһַĺ󱳣Լץŵ㣬һֶԻС˵̫ˣҪھ˾˲ϣ˾˵ĲӿҪСƨɸѹϣ
СطˣǡǻðС˾˰ɣСֲء
ʵҲûž˾˵ĲӣŲ·Ҳͦõġ
īС˾ЦЦͬСһ͵ǼУߴġҲҪԹԵأ˾˲źôǼǰߡ
֪
СطݿĵشӦš
ҲСֱīС˾˵ĶͷĨһȵأһ˫Ĵ۾شֵΧ
īСӺ滹
ֵϣѾǰǲؼȥˡ
īСԴˡ
ֵҲû취īСӵֻȻؼȥˡ
һīСӾһԵĻСû
ˣλҲڲ¥Ǳ߼ˣ͵Сȥ
īСԣϵЦݸˡ
һسӵʱ
ǰǣȰϰŵλСڸźˡ
Сطݺûڴϵһﶼʮֺġ
ΪΨһĳīС˾Ƣãֻ棬ֵʲô˵߱˵һ·ջĶɰСǳݵС񣬶ʱϾ˾˵һı㵽͵ĵز
ԳԺȺһ·ŵĻǣ˫ֶսƷ
īС˾˺С˵ǰĲ¥кöĵĺóԣ˾˴ǽȥͷЪô
ĵСط֪ǱԼϻС޵С˾˿϶Ҳǻ۵ģ͵ͷӦˡ
һԣȻҲûκε顣
ֻСû뵽¥һĲ¥
īСӽʮвٵͬѣ󲿷ֺѣʮʱ㱻ﳤףʮʱѾףӵԼĶӹŮ
ƽѧо⣬ǺȻһǾǡޡ
ȻīСδ޶ûеĵ൱ơ
ֳǲھֶֶŮȻҲĸǰ
⾩Ψһҫޣ׽Сطݡ
ȻСطʲôݰ
̫ӵµĵճأ
ȻСҲһĹΣһ£ǲ˵ġ
ò״ŸᣬСطݴţΪСطݵݣŵûʲôζ
ֱƼ˵С𣬼ַȼֵ֮꣬ߵһ·Ȳȥڼ޵ĺȫٻ
ˣīСӻⶣŵĻصѣԼҲСޣúǼǵñϼ
һ⻰⻹ˣ
굥īСӣδ޶ûУȻˣ
һ֮ȼգԼҵޣīСָĲ¥ҪīСӴĶĺӡ
ЩֻǵóԺֵСطݺСǲ֪ġ
īСĴţƼ˴ͬСʱСӶµģ֪ôȻôˡ
찡Сޣī㵽˭ҹСȻôô
ݲ
һţǣƼʱ۶Ƿġ
𶼱Ƶһ£̶ûȣīСӵԴϡ
īСӸоĽӲȽСطݷ֮Ű£ЦǺǵ˵û뵽ɣ˭˵ûϱͲˣһλܸǴأ
⡢С£
īСӵĺѣλһֻȤζͶߵһ
ȻЩ˼طݣЩû
ģַӾ˳ʱҲ𾪲ѣ֣⵨ӡôܽС¸أ
̫үĵճӣ۰ĵճĸִţһģˣԭɵķΪҲһӸŽ
ЦСʲôݣ
°̫꣬ӵǻɾֵСλˣ
δӣ
ȻδӲ֪ڳͷЩʲôűǱڻСǣʵҲˣСȴֻѧ
ֵ˵һÿЩͻģôӣһ߳Զһڲݡ
δСӶĵæŲߣԼҿɰİãϴϴ۾


446 Ľּ

ûмСط֮Сѡ
һ¶ǻﱧŵĸͲһСǣҲûҪˣ˼Ϊݸÿִ
ĬĬһ
һԵīСѾòˣԺǵݳʶʶͷĶǲ̫Ͱͨͺá
Ѷһ
ûôŵˡ
īԼСµ׾˾ˣȻûʲôν
Ƿ׷ǹʣСµݻ˸ԽԼ޶§ýĲ֣²СƤһ£С²ʲôġ
īСǶô˵ˣҲȤ
ô޴ûеõҪһʺƨ
ֱһλѻСŮؿŲͣԶ𣬰ԼǰСҲƵǰЦģʮֺãáԡ
һ£ȻС˵һллҲӹ
īСѾͺǶרעԼĻ⣬ҲûƼС߷ʲô顣
Сط֪һγţԳ˺öණİСöƳĳԻԣСط΢΢üЩˡ
ã˺ö࣬ӱ𣿱˾ͲٳˣԻӵġ
áˡ
ЩãȻ˸ãƼĸ㱻Сطݸˡ
СǣǸѧģǺض
Ҳ֪ԼסǵĿ⣬ѵƬûڵã¶ˣ
һ룬æȥԼ۾ܣûƬһ
ǴӦ˰ݸ磬ܰԼƬ¶ġ
Сط̧üͷһ壬֣һӲţһС˵ã궫ҪǵðСֲɾȻȫģմȥ
಻ҲûСط߶߶ҲԼСצצ
ǺǣСºλСĸ鵹ǲ֣㻹û˵СǴĶأ
ƼСѵСһתһĿٴ䵽СطݺСϡ
СﳤÿÿûھļҵСǧѽλСŮ
´ٽĳҲ½׼ȻżСһ𣬱㱻ˡ
ϾܵС°һѰ˼ҵСǧ𣬶̫ܰɣ
һԭС²˭ܹģᣬС浽һȥġ
ѵĻīҲ⣬ɰСȻ֣ԼС䶼ʮ̬ȣⲻ˵Сݲ
ǽλ뾩СŮԼСˣ顣
īС˼һЦǺǵʵСܸ߾˾ˣ˭ҵСǧ𣿡
̧ͷЩãȻؿīС˾ˣ֪ôش⡣
һԵСطѾͦشǼҵģҵã
ȻСطݲ֪⻰һǶɫ
ɰСǶģ
СԽеãѲ̫үĸ
ôأ
̫ӵ¿ǳİϱ̫ٷޣ񶼸˵ˣͨͲûС
īִҲ뵽һ㣬ɫ΢΢һ䣬ĿҲ˼΢
Ѳɣͷµķӣձ֣ӻ˶
ôܰ
ӡ
ҪǽӣСܵСطݵĸǰ
ڴһɢԶʱ򣬽СֵСط˵һ䣬Լã
ǡī֣Īһֱˣ˵ĸо
СطΣؿī֣С˾ˣ㲻ǺϲǾϲ£ҪʰǴѽҵã
īֳ˳ǣһƶСҲ֪ӦôƨأǴƨɡ
Ͼ͸ղŵۣǲԩԼ׿Ľ
ûȥҪǰȥʽʲôˡ
ԭˡ
ǰʵλЦЦС¹Ȼ˼ɰͷСޣôģӣСŮ޵δϱź˰ɣ
СطԷı⣬ֻ˵ǼҰҲɰ
īЦһۣ⺢Сطݴģһ˼СɰһˣҲûʲô
ɲЩôԶֻСɰԼСϲСˡ
ȴ֪ǰŵλѣȷʵ˼졣
ϾСĴڣһ֪ðСѾͷôɵСµۣĽּʰ


447 û

ۻᣬ߳¥ʱīСӲ˵һ顣
ͷϲǣСֵСݣǲǷųȥ޵Сˣ
ûǣ
СطĵĬĬ˵ǣ
⻰ɲܶС˾˵
Сط˴ʣصǾȷСϪ죬ȹȥСӻȰòˣͱС¡
ҲôģԵ˵ͷʾͬ
īСӣ²ڶңСϪҵذ
īСֺΣҲֻһƯСˣ˾Ͷˣͷ򲻾ˣ
ȻԼСϣīСҲû롣
ȥʱ򣬹ȥͺֵ˼ˡ
СҪؼȥİɣ
īСģʹ磬ɲԼСͷС
СطݵҪͬһؼȥ
㰢ԼļҪȥġ
ҵļҾǰõļҰ

īСЩƣˣоȥԸûؼˡ
ˣС£϶ᴦõġ
ô㣬ܲС
СѾͷһûʲô۵ģСߵҲûʲô
ͷīСӽСͻ˶ֻǻûţԼС˾ͼҴҵع˵﷢˼£Ͻȥ
īСûƼ㣬˳ӭ˵ֵˣ˵һ䣬úտšͼæȥˡ
Ҳһ£űԼСǣ߽ŵСŮʱԴ˼Ȧ
զզ£
ŮޣīСǿŵģ
ɶӹϵȻйܵ
̫Ƕ֮ſڷ飬Ƭ̾ʹĶ
ʲô
̫ΪԼˣһ𾪵ؿˣ¸СŮ޾ˣ
īСƺм뿪ˣ뿪ǰֺúչ˺ӡ£īСƽҲôçײˣ˳ȥһ£īСӽջСӺСһȥͼλѾۻˡھۻݣžšӰɡ
̫
⵹ǲ׵ĵܻܵ顣
̾һܵȻף·СѾͷӦò
ѺӴȥҫˣ˵ʲô
⺢Ӹ֮ܵ䣬˵Ĺϵ
̫ôһ룬оͷˣԼҵܵѾ֮ˣڶû׵ԭ򣬾ΪӣȻżˣͷ˽ˣ
ɫҲԽԼϾҪⲻʡĵĵܵʰ̯ˡ
壬ȥݶǸСҪۿ
ǣ¡
Сطݽǣ֣ѾܵüζĴĿˡ
ƺʮֺ˭ôᱻǣֳڶ
ûоܱܲЩߵƶ⣬Ŀǰ˴Ϊ档
ڲ¥Ǽ壬ЩĿ⣬൱⡣
ҲΪгкȵķϣŵʲô֪ġ
ߡ
ΪСʲôɴأ
С𣬺ܿͺСطһ𣬱һнĴ̫ǰ

СطƼȻǸ˵ġ
ֻҪﻳ֮ǰ᲻÷ֿС֣ԼôһֿЩ˾ͰС𵱻˸ϳȥˡ
ԣСطݾֱǣСߵĸǰһϲϲؽܵǰã
̫ӻЩǵһƼӶ˭ôãϲǰС
𣿡
ԶԶԣ
̫ĿתСϣЦЦ֣Ҹǰ
СԸо⣬Ҳûԥֱ˹ȥ
̫ƣ󿴿ҿƺѰʲô͸õʲôԼҪĴ𰸡
Σ̫ĵ̾һɰСȷʵмꡭꣿ
룬ΪͿ϶ֹģΪ࣬ǡꡣ
ǣԹԵص˵ͷ
̫̾һĵԼܹܵȻⶨȢ޵ԵȫҪǸ˸ףɲôȣ
Ժӣ߹ùãأǰһֱͬһģ
ףûСûס
ʵʵ˵Ϊʱ򣬶֪Լ˭
Ȼ⻰̫˶ȴͷԭԭѾͷѾûˣֲõܻܵʱѹŮӻԭˡ
̫ţȴƶԼܸܵɵʮֻˣ͸׸״


448 ĵùܵ

Сطô࣬ĵ׻ʮġ
ײס
׵ӣ񡭡е֡
ֹ֣׸պȥ׼סˡ
ɶÿˣ
СطݵӶأĿ⣬˼ڴͳݡ
Щ̫ãؽСﱧڻϲʲôʱסɺá
вõģ̫˵ʲôֻܵͷˡ
̫ûж⣬ݸ֪Ҳ⿪ĵӡ
޴ȥ̫ϲʲôʱֱף˵һ䣬ϲݸ硣
̫⻰ҲǴΪжĵȻż棬ôôԼҶϲأ
̫һ£СӵԺӲСպÿʰһշСʱסˡ
ֺһλ֣ԼСѾǣҲźһӣźӡ
ΪīְѺ͵ģԽӵģҲ̫ͬһΪīͷС飬ظ̫ۡ㣬ֻȼڶ
ɣҲûԭˣϾǶɲʲôè̫¶ͷµġ
̫ˣãҾ˵ɣ׿ɺˣǾһˣ
סһԺȻһ
СطʮָˣˣԼҲģΪڲٱСǸˣӵԼķ䣬ô󡭡
ˣҲܹسЩúóԵĸʳ
ˣرأ
̫ߣѾ϶˰ԼҵùܵѪ⺢ûˣű׵ӻ
ī˶ѪԵʮֿصģ̫ѾҪôúչ˿СŮúһ㡣
ѵùܵܺݺݵѵһ˭ȥ˵ľͻ˵īС뿪ˡ
̫
Ǻǣʱ֪ˣ
Լ·±״׸ǰô
̫Ц󣬰㶼飬дţ߸׵ùܵʲô¶
̫׵ʱͼһŭӣѯ˽巢˺¡
ͽȥ
̫ӶȲѣһֱΪСֻǱŲŵȴû뵽ﻹôס
̫Цܿףʲô鿿׹㿴µĻ£ǿСŮûˣűӻСŮҪǻţⱲӶϻѪˡ
̫ƽԼǰƤЦСӣƷڲֵزɣ
ҲΪīҹأңҲС飿
˰ɣҲΪ˵׵ܵܣʲôӣһһġ
̫ԼǵùܵѾһոµĸ߶ȣʲô飬ΪβҸǰ˵Ѻº󣬾ʹһ뿪ˣ˾ǲͣ븺𣬾뱻öȣ
̫ӣ
īҼҷ뺷ֻܸʰ·硣
ʵһһޣһһ˫ڴطôټ
īɼ⣬Ҳвټҷͬˡ
ǵֻͬһѵ
̫ذӣ˵˵ӽɢ˻
˵ǺӸô죿ҽסǶݶһԺӣҪݶƽҲûʲô顣ͷЩ˵ĺӣͬݶһиָĿġǵܵܵѪīұˣҲûôǡ
̫˵ţҲмίġ
СʱУʲôСûУôȨƵ顭
Լ׶ȴΪ̫ӵճӵݣòôࡣ
̫ҲΣ̾һʱҲûô綨̫֮λݶҵǣˡʵи취ֻǲ֪ԸԸˡ
ţ
̫룬黹н취
̫ЦȽȽشյϸݶܵܡ
_һ£̫͹źۣſˣ㡢ôô֣һǸˣ
ᣬǾͻˡ
̫𶺣Ϊûⶼǽڡ
ҲûϵҲĸԸֵ¾ͷ

ǵ飬ܹ黹ֲСȥܡ
ס˶סСطݵԺԼΪʲôܳɹסȫ֪ѾȫһΧһб棬̽״̬
磬СطһȥϿΡ
СطݿеķӣôˣĶȫīˮ


449 İ

˵ҪһȥϿΣ̫ʱ򶼲ǺʣԼ˵ģݶ
ֵǹԼġ
̫˰֣СӶʲô鶼Ǻ棬ǾȥǹɵСģҲǳʲôǱȽϷĵġ
ֻҲû뵽ʵǡͬ෴
ӽϿΣͷ˸СѾͷѯ˼䣬СطߵѾҲû˵˵СϿεġ
֪Լ̵ѧ̫ӵµĵճ൱ģƽʱûѾֻҪԭС¹ڴϻۣһͨ
Ƽ˶Ƕ𣬲Щд
ĵҲǺþûнѧˣС¹ڴϻۣˣԼû֮ء
Ƽ𣬵ȼΪʦ顣
ѧţڷӽ̵⣬ѧҪж棬Ȼ㲻رҲ˷ӵۣ÷ӽսѧ˲ٳɾ͸У룬ȻС̫ϻˣŽʧȥΪʦȤһӾһˣ
ڣӽ̵Ƚ̵Сطݵ黹Ҫǣ˴¡
º˽˻֪ʶ𣬾͸Ȼͨζһѧϰǣһµʱ䣬ѧϰȶСطˡ
ĽӶ𾪲ѣܿҲ̫Ӻ̫Ķ
գ̫ӱԼѧϰȫǷڿĻüͷһ˼ǣǺӣҲʮִϻۣ
ЦǺǵϷ̵ôຢӣС⣬ǰˡ꣬ʲô츳С»Ҫ㤵ģֻ˼˵̫¾û׶ӲһСѾͷƬѧú֮ġ
Ȼû뵽⻰̼̫ҵùܵ˵˼
̫ӵĻ뵽Ǻ޲øϽץסùܵܺݺݵسһ١
Ǻôһīҵ֡
ݶķʲôˣ
ǿǽ̵º͵̫ү̫
ܵõ̫ʵĿޣ˵С츳ˣԲܼ󣬱Ͻѧ
طȻҲŮڵ˼룬ʲԷ⣬ŮҲǿݵġ
ŮѧøȱȽǡ
̫̫֮󣬾ͺ̫˶ӺͰһȥѧˡ
ݶϾҪˣʱҲҪѧѧȻûŮӲĹ涨ŮӽҪҲǸϿðһͬȥѧҪȥʸǰʾһ
̫ίʵϾԼ̫ӷһ¡
Щᣬ뵽Լ̫ӷʱ͹ʵ۱֮ĸӹϵƺԽԽˡ
ӣΪ֮͢з磬вͬļ⣬ڴһʵҲʲô¶
̫ԣҲⲻһ׮С¡
͸ǰûڳϵڳΪ⣬е㲻ɿ˽ΪӣΪӵүүػǼô㡣
ѧȷʵûһλŮڡ
ҪԭǸӣΪѧĶǶСţǡûŮ
ԣԭȻһλģΪȻݻѧˡ
̫ѧѧԺ̫ΪҪѧ飬Ӧòѡ
̫ͷͷˡһѧҲ˰顣
ΪֱǶԷ꣬ѧʵҪܹ롣
šҽվͰˡҪ׼뾩Ϊʺ٣ʱûʱ䴦ѧ顣
̫룬һʱ䣬Լʴٻĸµʱ䣬λ岻֪ôӳ˻զأǰôҪ뾩ǸӲģ̫û׵ܵܣǰֻ̤ײˣ˵ʲôͿûüҴһϼһˣѻʵܽӵҲʲô
ϣ
̫ĵ֮Աǵġ
ʵ׵Ҫʮ٣ԶĻ壬ȴʮǻʼ˶㷨ײĻţˡ
Լɽˮ㣬žһУõܵʳǽ·Сսսô
̫ӾԼ׵ϺͿˣûУԱȻҪȫ׼ӭλ뾩ϡĻ塣

ҵ˵ٹգǾͿȥѧϿˡ
ѧʲô
С˸СԺӵ£һһۣԵ硢̣۵һ£³һۺˣ׼ȷصǰרװǺͺ˵
ѧʲô̲ס׷ʣѧʲôóԵĿԳ𣿡
СطݶԱߣ˵ԵĶʱŻ۷Ŀ⣬˵һöһϵѧãûгԵġ
𣺡ŶҲȥȥɡ
ЦûԵʲôѧŶ
ѧãѧǰ־ͻ׼ܶģѾߴŸһȥϿΣμϢңǾͿԳԵġ
ѧֵطһͺ࣬ûóԾ͸ȥˡ


450 ȥҲȥ

СطʵҲû뵽ȻȥϹѧ
ҲȥˣûĹѧʲô˼
֪ѧﻹвˣֻϲһѧͱһϡ
Сط˵ȥͲȥȥ׵˵Լ˼
̫Ĺģ˵ȥϹѧĻûЦɲǹ˵㣬ȥүү𲻴Ӧ㲻ȥϹѧ
ԭȥѧҲǸСѾͷ࣬氮Եͣѧϰ츳ܺãڹѧֳƵĵطţûǸԡ
ȥѧ̫˵ûʲôӰ죬˵ġ
׶ȴһˡ
Сطüͷ룬УҾȥʻүүˣ
̫ӣ
ʲôʱô˼ȡˣ
̫ʣǽӲ㶵ؿŶӷɿܳӡ
СطݵĲȥѧǰȥȥǻطѧϰѡ
ȥѧûа飬Եû˼ˣ͸ÿţ̵ˣȻȲţֻ̣ܺȰ׿ˮһе
ֺֺ̫Цذ˵̫
̫ӲȥѧҲǲ첻ѣϹѧǺڴġ
ҲգʽϹѧдʱ䣬ȻôȥǾ͵ȵȡ
̫Ҳñܡ
ϾΪݵԭԾǷӵ̫ͯˡ
СطݻԺ䣬Ͱ׵Ļ
ҵ㣬㲻ȥѧҲȥǵȥһүүһ£Ըһȥһүү𣿡
Ȥ࣬Ǹʮˡ
Сطݵߣгке棬Сطƽʱʲôǲܾ
һΣӦȥһүүһ
ΪСطϵ·ڶһ磬𴲣˵Ҫȥүү밲
⻰ʵһȥʾ̫
̫˻֣ĵҲûڹˣȥͺá
ɡǣС˵ҪŰһȥ밲
̫ԣ϶΢΢һ٣üЦݶŶʱ䣬ĵ׹Ȼװá
Ҫ˽ȥȥɣҲ֪ݣ㣬ʱһ¡
ū
ָתҪȥ̫Ȼ뵽ʲôƵã˺˻ŽչλóĹˣźӽȥʱҲܿһЩʡĳЩ鷳Ҫش
Ӧǡ
ڹһξġ
׼̧ΣСȥ
Ҫӣ»ûߵϸǰ밲λСһѾιȥˡ
˵Ľų̺СӵĲвġ
Դ򱻴ضµʱˣ˶֮⣬ûȥĵط
һСطݵŽϿһ㶼ȥСطݲȥȻҲȥ
ϴѾīС˾˴ŹһȦУóԳԸúȺȣûȥһ˵
Сط빬밲͸µͼһеԼС˷ܡ
СطҲǿģһ·ϸ·ĹСûꡣ
һ·˵СطݵͶ˵ˣǿĹӻĵʮֻ֡
ʵߵ̫๫յСҪ빬밲Ϣ鷿ȺˣСطʱ˵СԺ򣬱Щ黹ͬ顣
ŶŶүүûæ갡ȥתת
Сط˵ţվԵ𣬡ãȥ԰ôϲè԰ﶼ˲è䣬ܿɰģҴȥ䡣
ѽ
ǵèϲ֣ûƼǾȥƣЩèôġ
Ҳ㣬ЩèܰҲԵ
Сӵͯͯ˵ĹҲ¶˼Ц⣬ʵλСīСӵǧ𣿡
ֵ˵ͷС£ӻûӻȥ˵ʱڶСӹԽӻȥ
˵ͷʾס
ĵǰŰļҵǧͻīСӣȴû뵽īС׹Ůˡ
ǰʵǡҲʹ̫ү̫үһʵҲЩ꣬̾ŶϱĵܹܵȻǸ׵ģ
ֺ͹˵˼仰ʹСطݺ԰ķȥˡ
һԶȥıӰԼСͽܵȥЩ԰Щè۵ģײС¡
С̫ͷūס
Ƽˣת鷿ȥûأͷʵ۴Ҷ
εƺͦģҵĶڵ϶һ죬ƺʲôĹƷŶۡ
ĬĬ룺ҲֻС¹ñˡ


451 

С²Լһүүڴ
ѾС˽԰
԰ֵܴػƷҲر࣬ȻͬСĻ԰԰ɫЩ˽ýοɰСèǡ
Щè䶼ר˴ģҲİˣҲȥ̤ٻܣϲڻȥż˸öӶϲè˺Լ˺˼ˡ
è԰ﲢټ
ΪСҪѾǰ˴㣬԰˳èǣЩճèǶˡ
Сطݺ԰ʱ򣬲ûпˡ
ҲǵһƼè
ԶԶؾͿһֻѩ׳ëտ۾è䣬һ㣬ſͤϣë޵βһɨһɨģʮʡ
ͤڷ˲èߣǹ󸾳ëè֮⣬ʯϻһֻСצצϴİèԲֹɫСͷСצӣСĺ
ͤĵֻ̺µСèڻشˣţɰģ
ԶԶؿվԭضˡ
èȻôɰĶ𣿣
ôɰһ㶼ǻӺ
оԼסˣ鲻ԽŲͳèˣͤ˹ȥ
èȻ˲ͻȻܹȥĶȻǻèһġ
Сطݶ׼סģȴ˸оǳһĻ
ߵͤ£ͤèĿϣţȫ߿˹ȥ
һ˭ŵĹ󸾳ëèߵԣ˲ֱۡ
˶ˣرճ԰ܣԼèǵĹŮ̫ࡣ
⡢ôܣģƽն˿ġλСǴģȻֺ
ף֣ôèҲܹˣƽʱһֿҪܵģ񡭡ôͤǱ߹ȥˣ
֡
Сطû̫๬ŮǵľѾèΧס𣬽ŵ඼Ҫؿˡ
εؼǵãǽӣС
èǿϲˣ
ǲǷ˰õΧȥҪԵã
СطݵɫԽԽѿҲæȳͤķ˹ȥ
ã
ıЩèΧԵԽеر
ߣèСطݵĽкҲһΪʲô飬ŤͷſСطǽɫ
ȻСطһ߹СèǾ͸ܾһɢһûֻĸǰˡ
𣺡
ݸӰҵߣè顭
СطݼסС֣С˵ãСèϲˣɲҪԻǿ㣬϶빥㣬ȻԵ

ޱȣֵ¹ԹߣĴèоԼеܴ桢ǹߣΪһ󣬰ҳԵ
СطߣèСצӣæóĲ˼£Сմŵİèë˵һǣèǳģһ㲻ı䡣ǻǲҪèˡ
šСüͷȻè˳èëܺߣߣèҪԵĴ۵ĻǲҪߣèˡ
Ҫ֪ԭαͲʮֻèأһֻЩèһֻһڷֵġ
š
СطݵĻҲߣèˣСطǣԼ뿪ͤ
Ȼǳëèʮᣬһߣʹͤеظ
СطŤͷǸСèɫˣ˵ƣǵ㡣ãǺèҪԵ㣡
ɫҲ֣ץСطݵ֣Сطݣ˵ǻǲҪ˰ɡ
⻰˵꣬˶Ի־Цˣ˵ֻèƽ˭ţ쾹ȻԸðǺϲġ
ϲ
⻰ڣСطݺסˡ
ϾСѶûèദľ飬èֲҪϸűߣΪʵ̫˵ϡ
رСطݵڷǼ鼴ˡ
һèǵ̫Ҳվ˳ЦиֵĻѽƽҶƽҲֻñºͻʺ¡ܵõ˵Ե֡

˿Сطݣֿ˿ֺè̫࣬һʱ֮䲻֪˭Ļˡ
Сط̫Ļüͷȴšø˼֣Ҳֱ߱С֣ҪСӡ


452 ̫ˣ

Сӷģè䣬˺ġ
ֻΪĵزһ䣬ȴԼСӵüͷšøˡ
֪ڵԼ͵͵յС˵µģݸ磬ҪҧңҧңҺģ֪ġ
úһ㣬Ȼ֪
ֻǲϲЩèѰΧסģ
ûߣèߣôġ
Ǳ˱һͷǾò̹
ǰÿرҪȥߣèӡ
͸ˡ
Щè䲻ǳÿɰһ㣬ָкһ
ôðôϲأ
һϲЩèϲҪ࣬ô죿
СطݱܵĲϣ鷢ǰͰ͵ؿżģȴЩӲˣ̾һʮǿ˵ǡֻһãǽҪĿȥһүү˵ҲϹѧ顭ɥ־ߣè
ţ
ͷʵҪĿĺǼ仰û
Ķǣڰݸٴδ֮ǰʮֻè䶼ߣһ飡
Сطһ֣͸ҵļһ_һ³ȥˣǴèǰѴèƨƨߵͤĵ̺һruaŴèèë
Сطţʵ۾Ҫˡ
ӿ϶ǲеģʲôѰõעèתƿ
ȻûʲôӣղűߵèֻλεܻصͤյСĸǰưŶӵűrua
СطƲƲ죬ųߣèԼĸоˡ
򴽣Ȼһ˹ȥ
ǰܹһΣߵĲûôأèҲûбܿСطߵǰʱСЦǺǵ˵ݸ磬Щèĺÿɰú
СطСС˵ûа

Դһɻؿ
˵ߣèأô˵ȥˡ
ݸ翴ȷʵܲ˵ӡ
룬ðݸңͻ𣿡
СطΪʧ衯İ⻰Ȼ˼֣ţ𣿡
ȻͻС֮ǰͱ׽Ůܲףϲ𣬸һȥˣʱҲС֣Ϊ˵ǷǳԽˡ
ÿÿཱུСƲסԼСצצȥĳ嶯
϶ɡ
ǲϾŮӡ
ͬ˵ĻӦûϵġ
ʲôģѹûɶ˵ģԺˬؾʹӦˣȻԣϲݸˣʲôʱҵԣ
˵ţԼСطݸǰ˹ȥ
һŷ۷ཱུСģָкܺõӡ
СطɬЦЦȻ󲻿̧֣סСࡣ
~
еһϵƶ䣬ģ۵ġ
СطŶе㰮ˡ
˺ð죬Ӷ콩ˣգ۾˵ỨؿСطݣݸ磬𣿡
СطʵӣҪжʱһУæɿС֣С˵Բ𡭡
ȻĵǸŪˣݸΪʲôǸ
ҡҲǹҪŪģɱ
ûްҲû

Сط̧ͷ濴ŷཱུСղ۾ﻹˮѾûˣ峺Цü俴ﱧŸͷ쳬Ĵè
ôһ˲䣬СطݸоԼͷһֻС¹ײײӶŷˡ
ܿ죬ˣҪΪŵĴèȻèצһڣ

Сطݴʧɫ־ȥƴèè䣡
Ҳˣû뵽èȻҲû뵽ݸô
èʮݣûСطëʹĻ˳ȥСطݼæȥ׷ѸЬӳȥûһë
СطؿֻĴèڵܵˡ
ûӦתͳԼСȥè򵽵һա
ͤͷվŵֺѾǼ״Ϊҧˣæǰ鿴
ֻ֪Ǳһ¡
ٿԼܻȦСӣֵ˵ʮָӡ
̫ˣãǻȥϴֻèԼèСƨƨСˣ
𣺡
ݸΪʲôҪ˵
ҹȻˣ


453 ȥ˾̾

èǸܵСطݶԼĲϲ
Сһ󣬸ˡ
СطݶԴϲּ
Сȴˣòҵôÿôߣè䣬᲻ð
᲻զأ
ϽȥѴ׷¡
κδܵ죬԰ֱȽϴ󣬲һͲӰ
Сطݣ˵Ҫͷȥҡ
Сطݼĺٸ棬û취ֻôӦȥèǴʱ䣬үүǱ߻ûռǣèè
ȻܲϲøèˣúܿĵӣǴèǰϲģǿȺ尢ðɡ
Сطôһ룬;ԼǸֶµĸˡ
ǣ԰ôҴèĿ񳱡
԰ڴǡҲ߹
һװˣ΢΢°ͣӵ̫๬Ů԰ͷһɨмЦһЩСͷèˣ
̫æصعΪϡʺ԰ͷ˲èһ㶼ˣҲ׸˿ЩģҪȥŪһҪǱèץˣҲֻܽһá

չ˻ӣζͦ˼ģǾͽȥƣͷ˭Ƕè
ǡ
̫һֻ֣԰ȥ
ʱ԰ſڻţƼ
չߵͷ̫Ƽˣɫһ䣬ǳ󵨣ǹҲŵģƤҪ𣿣
ص˵ͷ׼͵ʱ򣬺ȻͷڳһֻɫӰչ˹ȥ

չһ̧һ˺ü£ֱֻһʹʱŭ
ܳȥˣ
԰ﲻ֪ĸСŮһͳָŵķ˳ȥ
չձ˲ֱ˹͵һײٴҡҡ׹ͷ˶ûȣ˵ӣһ󣬵һš


ͬӲͬķ˹
ҲԼײͷת򣬻ûӦͱ׺ݵһƿˤ˵ϡ
ˤһΣе汳չ·ˣͷϵķҲˣʱΪŭǺʮܻԱߵһǸСѾͷƬӸץ
ûӵȱ
ͷͲչߵһС̫Ͱʰˡ
ӻµģԼղŵ׸ʲô£ȻչǷŭɫԵòУԲҲǹġ
ȷʵղ̫ܵ죬ûǰͷʲôԲײˡ
ײ˵ȻҪǸˡ
֪͸ĲǺú
ǹ˳Ҳ֡
չˣƼײԼ˻ǲ֪ðСѾͷƬʱӿˡ
ᣬλĳԴ빬ǵĻʺ̫ţҰôš
⹬ͷ߶û˳ײǰ
ǵһγôĳ󣬺ôǱľȻֻǸСޣ
С޾ȻǸˡ
չһòϲ£󣬶Ŀⶼ䣬СѾͷƬӣȻ˲أˣ͵˾̾ȥ
˾֣̾ǺڳͷĹŮ̫СɵĵطһȥһƤǳġ
׷СŮ⻰Ҳɫһ䣬˵
ΪڵĲǱˣڳչ
ʺﶼҵĳϸǰչļۣһ¶չң󹬼չһãĻû˸Ҳġ
Ҫǲֵʺͻϵĸǰûʲôùӳԡ
̫๬Ůǣʮ־չչСģ붡Ĵҷ
ò״κ״̬лعȴԼѾˡ
ţšſң
̫Ҳ˺̧֣һƺݺݵĺϣǳСѾͷƬӣĸͷģҳײıӵ˰ɣڣҲùӳԣ
ȻֻС񵽵׻С޵֪˶һСôĺ֡
һ׺ݵĺϣˣ۵òС
ţҡҲǡʶǣҪȥҰݸ磡
С̫ץѹͲ˵ʲôתҪߡ
ſڵ̫ʱɫҲűˣȻ֪λﵽʲôݣ˿ǻ̫ģչڳҲȲϵӰɣ
ŵһ̫Ȼ£߳˵һ䣬عǡλСﲻǺ֮ˣǡǻ̫ġ


454 ö

˵ʲô
չǰͷ̫ɫ΢䣬һʵײǹСѾͷ˭
ǡСġ
زͷ̫࣬չȻҲˣ׼뿪С̫۷˻
չӴű
𱻴һƣ۵ģ˼£Լֱˣŷ̧ͷչ۾
չСһ¶ӣüͷҲş֣̌ô裵ָ۵Сһ˳ָױϵۺһ֮ɫɿ֣ʲôණһӹСŮݹ˲ָ˵Ҳôû뵽ǻ̫ﾹȻϲСѾͷƬӡ
˵ʲô
һԵͷ̫յչС˵̫̫ӵµĵճӣܱµĳ谮ӦǽѰµġʱ̫ҲǿԽСѾͷȴعͷãپЩ˼䣬ʱҪŪСѾͷ֪ˣ
չͷȷʵŻ
Լٳ࣬δдҪɵģƫƫǸܲģܰСѾͷʰһҲ
ͬͷ̫ʹ˸ɫȥʣµ顣
ŵ̫Ϊչ뿪ǿڻ̫ϲƽˣȴû뵽С̫һֵĲӺû취֮󣬾ʹ˸չˡ
̫׷СŮʧɫʱչԵͷ̫ȴһɭؿ˵ǸСѾͷˣԺӣסˣײ˹Ҳûʲôùӳԡ¾͵ûƼСѾͷܶˣҪڻ̫ǰ˵ʲôǽ˾ֳ̾Ƥ
ôһţټչڳֶֻΡ
̫СŮɫڵͷøˣûһ˵ġ
ͷ̫Լ⻰ò㲻˵ʲô˦ŷ͸չȥ
չһȥ
ԭصɫҰף亹ɪɪô죿
͡͵֪ɡǿɶҪ⹬ͷŵģǹ£Ҫ鴫ȥ϶ǺùӳԵġ
ɰʧ١
԰ôֲֹһڡԼܣײ˹ǲɣֻԸãù
һ̫෢ҧһֵˣ
СŮ˿һͬ˵̫ࡣ
֪һͷģ֪˭ҵСǼڹڵص㣬뵱û

԰ڡ
Сط׷èܣҳˮˣҲûƼܵĴèȥˡ
ûʲôˣͺȥѰһ׼ȥүү
Ǵһ԰ұˣҲû
СطݺȻһľʲô䲻õ鷢ˣæ԰ڴȥ
վˣʵǿ𣿡
̫һŮͬ˵ûС
Сطݲ԰Ѱˡ
̫һŮɫˣΪСطû˵һСŮת԰˵Ķ顣
̫࣬Ҳ԰ڴѰ
ʵ鷿鴦ˣѴǶ˼ңܹ̫ȥһ̫
ʱСطȴ԰ҷˣۣܹ̫øϽһҡ
ôˣ
ܹ̫֡
Ҳż֪ԭȥè棬֪ôžͲӰˡ빫֣ˡҲ켱ˡ
ǰīСӵĹŮҪﶪˣȥ϶һ
һӶãʲôСӵ֡
ܹ̫Ҳҵ󣬱ϾҲǳ˵ĵطвҵ˵ʱѾһ߱ʬˡ
ܹ̫ҵ˻̫û̫ȥ¸ǰ˵仰
Сط۶߶𣬱ǲȥһүүģһ밡ʹ֮ڣľĻүүүү϶ܰæҵõġ
ǣ鷿˵Ļʵۣܿջһֻ޵ỨĿС
׵Ļʵһӿޣˣæʷʲô顣
СץధүүöˣЩЩˣҰðɣһúȻС˼ȥ¹ô죿
СطĻŵòУڵòС
Ȼèжߣèˣ
ءҪǴèܣþͲΪҴè߶ˣ


455 ˭㣬

ڹ߶Ϣܿʹ˶
̫ڷƸӵСѣ˵ĻػɫҲˡ
û˿ţôСһӣô˵Ͷ
ߵܹѾ˱µѲѰˡ̫Ӧ̫żιȥˣ̫£ǷҪ빬һˣ
̫أ
̫ӵҲȥˡ
̫ˣԼ˹ȥˣûҪȥˡ
ݣ̫Ҳͬ½ġ
̫ͷ۵̫ѨӺ䣺ѸֺѾ߶һ顣
ǡ
鷿
̫ӼҴҸϹƼԼҶѾˣſԼ׵Ļ˯ˡ
ʣöɡ
СطȻ꣬˱Ųأ׵ˣٱȥܳԲġ
̫Ӽæ׵ӹ˿˯ȥĶӡ
ʵһ˫ǵɨ̫һۣ˵ݶ飬ݶòУߵ˵СѾͷСӵ˽Ů
̫ҲҶīֵĹϵһ¡
ʵЦһû뵽īңһŷӳ
̫ӵ黹δСܣԲҲСҲʲô԰ɡҲδȢˡ
⵹ҲǣôŹ㣬۹⵹Ǹߣһûϵġ޵Ǻ棬СѾͷĸ׻ǺεȾɫī
ϻʵ۶˲ˮĵڣ˵ʮȤζ
̫ӵ˹šӺ̫˼ȰѺڶչˣСٰܻ˵ϾīѪīҼҹ棬īѪӣú⣬ڵġ
ϻʵŶӵĻҲܲζ
īҲӲ볯þףī֣ҲΪīļԼŮ˻ңŲòɸС顭
īСӣʵҲǸд͵ġ
ΪĳЩԭ򣬻ЩҶһƽϵ
īԼҪֳãߣ˭ʵۣܶīҳ֡
īҵĹŮΪʲôΪ̫һ㣬ϻʵ۸տʼʱʵҲʮַԵģ¾īΪѹŮ˻ң㲻Ժһ֮ĸˣƻƽ⡣
֮ϻʵõīҵı֤飬ŵͷ̫ϱ
ֻҲǲ⣬ǲɵģΪʲôҪȢīŮ
Ϊ̫ӣδĻʵۣԺʮ
ΪʲôôƶһӾôһϱأ
ʺҲòɣǴطһˣˣҲ˱ɫ˥Ҳû˼ǰĲǼʮķְˡ
ϻʵۻ治ԼĶܹţһӶ檣õڶŮˡ
ߣ˭ŮҲǸСѾͷƬӰˡƣżգݶʲôˡѧϣи̫ҲǣԺҪ̳ͳģССͣôɥ־
űӵ棬ϻʵʵԿڣСӿ޵ôңôѵ⡣
Զӣӵ׵ͲһˣѵѵҲ
̫ҲԹԵرŶһѵ䷴ĻûС
ϻʵѵһͷĲˬҲɢ˼֡
ֻôһһң͵ȵ̫ɽʱ
ϻʵӳԷˣͷ˻ûš
ر˵̫Ӻͻ̫ˣϻʵԼɫãѵܹ̫ࣺôСһˣȥôöûҵˣƽﶼԸɷģ
һŭϵӶҡ
ܹ̫Ҳŵˣû뵽Ϊ˸СѾͷô
ϸһҲ⣬¿϶ǰݼڣ
СôϲǰôС£϶ϽҵСܺ
Сطʮֲã˯һ׵ֿĿİͰ͵˾ˣ԰˵˼飬ǧûүүҲȥ
ʵۺ̫ӶΪ˼ǣСǸģȥԱȥĳˡ
˭Сطֲһ䣬˭ԣҲҪȱˣ
ܹ̫һ±ƵģҲûʣææִһȺȥˡ
ϻʵȴЩ棬ЦǺ˵ݶôƶⰢòǸС̰ԹǸġ
š
СطģܽͰһ߶ˣ·ɶС㱻˼ȥȡ
û취˵ųĻɣԲѰݸ¶ģ
СطݳԱ㣬ҲԸ鷿Ϣ˵Ҫȥһҡ
ϻʵԭǲͬģ˱£ѶҲһϳȥˡ


456 ѹ

ϳ̫Ҳ
ѾòŶѰŷߡ
ﶪˣѰң̫Ӻͻ̫ﶼԳˡ
ں󹬲ܲ䶯
еĻʺ£üͷһ壬Ϊ˸СѾͷںô֣ɺͳ
̫ǻʺСĵӣͻʵʮķޣӺŮ
ֻС̫ƽسŮԶ޺ҪôѲȥҪôòȥ
ʮͷĻʺҲ׷ԲԣҲȿʮϻʵ۲ˡ
Ϊʹϥº磬ʺΨһĶӣǼʮֵĺֻϣϻʵܸϽһŵ죬̫ܸϽϻλλҲӻʺ̫
˵߶ĺӣīСӵĹŮ
ʺӵֵ˵
ʺƤͬϻʵһЦһīʲôҷ磬⻹ûȢأиŮˣ˵ȥ˭ţ
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
ȥ
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һǰһˣиģòģչײˣչ˵Ѱ˸ɰعȥˣ󵽻ʺǰѰʱչŲ˷ų˵ԭԵȥôСģʱСĵ˹ȪһСĺ׿ĵ̨ס
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λسϻʵҲʰһߺչ᲻صسͷһ£һָسһӲٵĲҲչּ£ǹȥ
Щ濴ûʲôʵϣôڵѷȻһٵġ
ʺԾʹˣûոЩʲôȨϷ
Ķ̫ӣֻҪ̫ӵһգһ̱ӣǻʺҲܱϻʵߣֲֶ
ϻʵٳ谮չҲķԼĽᷢʺ󣬰չȥ
Ȳ˵չͷֶжϻʵԸȴҲǸϺͿġ
ԣһǷΪϵģ곤ľʺͼӴһƽվͰճϷһ߾չΪ׵ģϲǡ
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ʺͼ֣һ֣Ϸľƽһ£ֶΪ
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ϴΰɵ֮չòˣɲһΣ
ūȥչǴϸѲһ
ȥɡ
˻ʺ˼ϲ˼Ц⡣
СѾͷĶȥˣչˣԣΪȨӡԽʺȥˡ
ʮķ֣빬һëѾͷͿԱȵģ
ѵô֡
˻ʺ౻ѹǣ˵Ļ̻ˡ
Ҷ֪ʲô顣
¹СҲ֪ôģȥͳС԰涪ˡ
ǿСﰡ
Сﶪ˻ˣ
չǣսսչݺԼֶΣûϻʵѲ飬ԼȰ޹ѲһˣСȻԼ޵ڡ
չߣȻҲϢġ
ԿȻ֮ԱǣǸСѾͷƬӣ浱ôʦڵġ
ͷ̫ԣЩѹĻ˲²ȫҪǰȥɡ
չһڲ裬ʲôµģСѾͷƬӲ˯𣿾ˣһСޣ˵ʲôܸ״ô˲ɣ
ޱȣ˱Լ޵ҲзӰԼܺߡ
Ͼ£谮Ŀ


457 

ѹʱ򣬷Լһֲָܺĵط
Ҫĳ䴫ҪΪԼĳյ

۾ϣܶǺڰģǱ˸
һңӿĵطͷ
ƾͷܲΣͷڣĵӳȥˡ
е㲻ġ
ϸԼΪʲôط
˭ץߴţ
ˣǸرŵģչŮˡ
СɾʱʹɽȪûˣҲΪССطƵãˣСطݵĸס
ǸչģͱȰݸ̫ҪСԸҲһ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪԼĵطȷԼøϽȥСطݲС
ôţͷʹ𽥿ĽŲ
ͷͰ͵ص˴ͷڡ
Լ˰ɣһڱεʵʵڹȻˣ͸⣬˶ڱߵǸ˵ס

ŷΪ̫Ӻͻ̫ĺȻ٣˶еһСԺſվš
ʳÿ춼Ĳˡ
СطݵһӦܽ˺רˮ
̫ӶΪʮֲġ
ѲɶҵͻȻˣ
ˮһ¶ʧֹ˵ʲôûУû
̫ûٶʣֻ˰ŷܹܺ˼ûпһСѾͷ߹
ŷ˶˵ûƼ
СطҲûŷȷˮûõ˰ƷҲ㣬ͺܿ뿪ˡ
̫ӼôҲ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ҳøϧطӣ˶Ѻ󹬸Ʒļƣʮ˺޵ġ
̫ԼߵЩ˽ŶӼȥҡ
һ˴ӻʺ֡
ָ̫񣬲ҵСµڹﶪˣ֪ҲʮӣūǴ˵λС޵Ѳ顣
ЩС˵ʵǺλֵǡ
а˻ʵ۰չ
ֵ̫Ļл룬鱾ǲͶԼĸģĸ֣Ʊ⡣
ȻҲó˾ǸͱСٵչ
չȷʵӲ硣
ԼĸʵĸˣȻôŮѺֵòð
һ߶Сǵùչأ
̫ӿɲҶģæˣҲһЩ
ҽѰ˵ͷ϶Щ顣
ֻЩ鲻Ҫ֪ˡ
ףǹùæȥɡ
̫ӶǳЦ˵ͷһȥˡ
ֿȥıӰòŻջĿ⣬Ը΢һЩ֣ʵôˣ
չع㹬˵ûлʺˣǲܵġ
ʺ֮Ůˣ·ӡ˳ȥʮĻҲһӡܹġ
ԣˡԭչȥһ԰ǡþͱ׷èСײˣչòУ˽СѾͷʰһԼ޵ƼһĻ̫๬ŮѴ˵ȥ
ӣ˵ϿĻҳЦЦ빬ˣǸ಻ġ
ּɲôţҲǲ֪СС顣ԭ˰С˾ֵ̾ģ˵СС飬Ž˸ع㹬ӻڰյСͷ
ɲǸõģƼǸСͶĴ
Ե֪ЩϢҲ֪СչЩʲô
һ֪СС飬Ҫ˴ߣΪɲλεô
չȻСִֶ
ֿѹ͵ɤ˼ЩϢ͸¶С̫ӵ£ٴ˸ŹȥСҪֵԽȻԽܾô׷ŹϴεŹȥһ£һ±Ҳûޣѵܻǲġ
ף˵ǣūȥ졣
ɲбµĳ谮ܹƽµػȥ
ıʵڻʺͷ
ֻһˣʵڲࡣ

Сطݺܿ͵õСϢû˵˾ع㹬Ǳܡ
ǡ̫Ҳȥع㹬·ϣԼҶôֱײ˸ôʲô
СطҵȦˣǶ˵չֻţ˰ã϶Ѱ۸ˣҪȥȰã
̫ӷȥˣҲôȷʲôģүүһȥ
Ͼع㹬ϢǱߴģع㹬λܳ裬ҲóȻȥҪˡ
ƶ˾ع㹬ǰ£ȻҪ˶뵽ǰ
˻ϣлʺء


458 ĸ

ع㹬ڡ
չԵͷ̫һĵصˮСѾͷǻ̫ĵ׵ķЩģ˵ʺﶼ˳ˣǡ
͡
չһмΣ˲غ𣿾ǰع㹬ƷˣҲҲСѾͷ
ӷ粨ȥˣҪδСѾͷ
ԭΪСѾͷײ޴йʰˡ
СѾͷȻͻ̫еϵǾ˼ˣ档
㲻û̫ܰС¸أ
չĵƵףɨһԵ̫࣬ĵ˿ɵøҲغˣҪҳֲϸ
̫ӦãλΪչع㹬Ĵ̫࣬ϧúܣչĹˣ˵ûҲӵġ
ֻⲻ֪ԼֵµˣɲȫԼһǹ
ȻչưݵڹϣĥĵЩʱͷȻ̫ɤ
ϼݵ~
չһǻʵ۹ˣüҷ裬һԵŮƱ·ͷûҰɣ
ȥСѾͷƬײһǱӵһ˸Լʰһ΢һЩ
¹ˣȻҪõ״̬ȥӭӡ
ʲô
˵ű¶֮ˣƼʲôɼģ
չɲ϶ֻֻ֪Ҫһ㣬һ㣬ź˵ֶζõ㣬¼ֻ꣬ҪܸҪĶİѶԷš
˵ʲôŻʵ⸱˼ҵƤôµȥڣδҲ̫ǳһЩ
ѧôֻ꣬ҪҪ˵ǿԵүүϻʵˣʺµȥڣ
òɣһƽϣԽ˫գƼ˿϶ϲ
ŮҲĵ
չԼòһţڳϻʵۿûʹöҲ㲻˷ѣܳԵĳˣõˣÿĿҲֻһϻʵ۽ҲԼòҪҪ
ŮĻҲģ££Ѻ󣬾ͽȥӭӻʵˡ
ϻʵͷˣһۣȴϸ
̤ع㹬󣬹Ů̫Ƕһء
Ψ޵ոճչеĽʻһ˽ϻʵ۵Ļ
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һˣϲֽ۵øʻһŮΪŮһ𣬲Լ˲٣ܱĽĸо൱㡣
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ϻʵۻǵӣڿŮεպ󣬶ɢ⣬ϴ˼ֳЦ⣬סϸððʧʧģôʲôҲˤˣ
ҪˤҲˤڻϵĻ檼ղϣĽﻹ˵
չߵ§ĸ첲ԼĻȻίֱ£˵ҪƳ檣ֲóֿ˼⼸նʳʵġ
ϻʵһ⻰۵òУȥϽչԵĶ
ȿȡ
Զ̫Ҳ˽׵׵ɫջع㹬Ŀġ
Ȼϻʵۻû˵ʲôչȴתͷƼվ̫ӣ΢΢üϻʵǰСŮ̬ڳһ̫ͬӳģЦЦף̫ӵôҲˣ
ϻʵļ򣬽§ߣȻ²ʲôߣȥ޾úÿ
ʮһͷˣ㱣ٺãҲӣܺÿȥ
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ҪǰԼ׵̫治뿴һĻʮ۾ҲûŽȥ
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ĸ
ع㹬ſڣСطƼʺʹ̫Ļ˳ȥܵ˽ӵĻʺǰһѱס˻ʺȣȻһίòеģ
ʺҲûƼԼСˣЦЦСطݵͷôˣǵĻ̫ﱻ˭۸ˣ
ĸ밲
̫ӼѾƲס˵Լĸǰˣæǰȥؾص
ʺҲͷˣȻʵСʮ꣬ȴͬ˵ĸоϵҲ٣ЦʮֺͰھӼܰ޵Ĵ̫̫
ȻǣЦ⣬Լ͸һеĴǻۡ
ͶӺѼ֮ǣСطݵ֣˵ȥɣƵ˭ôĵӸ۸ǵС


459 üƽ

Ϊ̫ӣչȻ֪ܲϻʵۺȻĿġ
һ߸ϻʵ۹ڵᣬһ߸ԵĴ̫ʹɫ
̫ᣬת߳˴
ʱʺǣСҲͷ߽ˡ
̫ɤʺ̫ӵ¡С¼ݵ
̫͵Լǳӭӵģ϶˹Ц
ȻӹڳҲڹͷôˣûƮȥûзӡʵȨĻʺҲ̧ͷ࿴һۣԹԵصͷ˸
ʱСطѾԽûˡ
Ѿʧٺüʱˣ̫ɽˣһͶ༸Σ
ɻʺĸǣߣͷˣϸչ⹬һչ׻Ѱòصȥ
˶ûܴչع㹬Ѱˣֻ֪ع㹬˴ƶϢ˾ͱع㹬
ֻСɵҪҵ˸չ֪𱻲ع㹬ĸطʮֹؼ
ϣǳСͱϵӸòóԡ
ʺ˽ʱչһĵؽŮӸݵϻʵ۵ĸǰԶιϻʵ۵ߡ
ϻʵҲһʮܵģ֪ĻиԼĽᷢӣҲչιʳ
ˣһڣչ˲ǡ
濴̫ӻƤһֶ񺮴ӺԽ׵ڹĳֲĵط
չҪȷĳ󳼼ĵŮҪΪǴ̻֮سˣ
Ȼ׵ԽԽͿˡ
̫ĵǰԲˬҲСȥһɫ
Լĸǵ࣬Ҳû¶мǸӡĿ⣬˰㶼һ˵ϻʵĿͱ⸱˶ĵģԲŲûʲôɾȵġ
ʺҲżǣվǿϷһչϻʵ֮ĴΡ
ջ̫̲סˣԳ
Ȼչ̧һžŵСæеӸϻʵ۵˺æʺ񣬹ϻ̳Ͽֵģ檸ʺ밲ʺˡͬı˼֮飬ǹӭʺ
ʺƤһƣû˵ڡ
ϻʵ۾Ѿ۵ǰչεοСˣҲ㣬ʲôﲻġ
ĩˣϻʵ۲ſʺ󣬱ʺ˫͸һеһҲЩ飬ȿȣ޹ĵ׾ֻװޣҲ㣬ͻݴȣͬƽˡ
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Ҳ˵ʲôϻ֡
ʺһŵ־ǰԸ
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չɫ΢䣬ԴóûӴ
Żʵ̫ۡӺС棬ʺǰҲֱӺѣǸȫ󹬣չ˷ӡʺѹģ
չһŵӶֽˡ
ʵ̲סˣίί˽ϻʵ۵ĻϡʺΪΣ⼸ղϣڹͷŻϣôʺһҪѳ檵޹ʲôǻʺﲻ𣿡
ϻʵԣһ§ڻһüôô˵⼸ն޵ûȥ
չȻ˵ûȥ͵Ȼǳȥģ֪ģӣ޲ڱµߡȥع㹬ҲȥѰ£´ŵ¡
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ϻʵֺغչ䣬Ҳûֹʺľٶ
ʺ߸һڲ裬ԭǣŵСطһɣ˾ͷɿ˳ȥ
Ƕæ׷ϡ
ʺŵ˵˵չȥ԰ˣ
˵
˭˵
չüͷһšŨŨĶ⣬ԼԻʺĲм
ɫ˥Ļʺ󣬸㲻Ƕֻ֣Ҫ⣬վֵʺ
չҰĲСϻʺĿ⣬Ҳη壬ƺȫʺ˵ȥȥûȥ԰أͳˡ֮԰ͷ£ҪʲôóԵ͹ȥûע⡣ʺôʱ˵ˣ
ЦеأŻʺ
û޹ҵˣܳԼСʧйء


460 ҵˣ

ݶ飬ȥ԰󲻼Ӱ
ʺʲô˼檲·һ԰ʺﲻҪ˶ҵɣ
չܵ˼ίۣתϻʵ۵ֱҡţϣԩ
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ʺȻͬӵĻһϻʵ۶ڵɫ˪ѩչ̫˵Ĳ޹СµȥֵĶ֮ˣҲǸ»Щ³鵽װɡʡչֿ޿ίί˵ԼǱݺġ
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չϻʵ۵ۣ޵ÿҧȴҲֻܵǱСѹ檵ű¸һף
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뵽⣬չȻץסһݣȻ֧ʱ²ȣȥϻʵۻʱһգװ˹ȥ
ϻʵۼ״Ȼޱȣ̫ҽ˽չ̧޵
ʺչϷЦһ⣬ȥȥЩֶΡ
ֺ̫һڲ裬ĬĬ룺ƫƫʾϲЩֶΰ


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ڴϵСкȴ֮ɫҡСֱۣͣغ֣Ҫ˯кѡ
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464 

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Сطݶãˣ̧ͷ˿ĸ
ĸɫ൱ѿ
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465 

չ޹ˤһӣŤ˽ŵܿʹ˳ȥ
Сط֪󣬶̲סֻһã˭ѣ˭۸㣡
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¶˻ʺĸǰҲƽ˼Цϡ
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⻰ҲǲŸ˵ꡣ
ʺûڣͷ˴ּ̫࣬˵չ۲ٳйˣԽӡͻʺУʺִ֡
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ᰲްзֽѹƹϵа
չϲóƣֻҪñհаһĺô
ЦЦûش𣬴óö۵õķֽݸչҪ
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С糡
𣺺ߺߣԸ˵ƽƽģŰɣ
չڵǸȳһü


466 

Ц
Ȼչȴûܵ⵽죬ͷֹķֽʧЧˣִ㲻ˤ˸ͷ
չײˣ۵죬ô̫ٳһˣѹ
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չǻˣֽôͺȻûأ
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չŷ۵ʣʲô취˵
ʵܲµˡ
ÿһˤֻҪӣͱضˤƣˣһξȻ˵
ǻϲĵطôˣ
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չȻļҲȫʧȥǡ
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չԣҧгݣ֮У˻ʺǸŮ˻ʹֶ֮⣬˭ȱϻʺ֮λضҪŮǧУйͷ֮ޣ
лɵĶҪӻʺƽ֮
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̫ӡ
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467 Ϳˣ

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λ֮൱пᣬʤһλҲֵھ֮ڣһ»ʵǻĻӻͻص̳еķȥû⡣
ڷش˿ʮ꣬䲻ܣʵۻʹ͸ۡʮֲġ
̫ӳţΪ飬Һ͸鷿ڳǸӵһΪ鷢ʮּ֣˵׵ܵܣΪ˸ף٣Լ岻ʶˣϾ·ϣж㣬Ҫھ󡭡
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ԣϻʵСĶӣҲŸꡣ
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֮ܶĸ󻼣ζڴطڵġ
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չ´߶ĻԸͬᲨֻǷСܸоõ
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Сطݾ͵ôȥ
ڶ죬Ȼ˵ͣˣա
СطݾȲȥ˵Ҫȥһߡ
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Сط˹ȥͷ
̫ͷͣˣҲʱȥѧˡ
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̫ԣɫҲݵʱȥ棿
СطС΢΢һΪо׵Ҫף
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ʱɫһ䣬ס˶С۵ļ򣬱طݣѾˣˣ

Сطݱ˵һ£ֻøɫδģ˾¡
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468 Զ

̫ӱ΢΢㶣عͷƼ˶һ޹ίС
ĵĻһȫѹȥ
̫ӣ˵ĶԣͿˡ
̾һСط֣
СطȻٴη𣬵ǻ˹ȥͰ͵ؿ
ûˡ
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СطݵСԣôһ˵Ϳˣã϶ǹģǵһܴһȥ𣿡
Ȼ
̫ӲûоܾߵĻԸСطݺ߻͡
Сطûж룬̫󣬾ʹ뿪ˡ
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ȴȻһʿĻž;úܹ졣
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̫⻰Ǿȼˡ
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뿪ǰֶ̫ӵȺúϢʵ£ҿĸٺϼƺϼơ
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̫ǰʺ󹬵Ľ룬ƿӶԸĻīִʱںδ˽ؾ


⡣
СطݺͰǳˡ
ϣƼ˵Ĵ֣ǰ׵ģŵСطݶ˲١
ͷ˴죬ض
ȥ·ϣƼһֵһͬ˹
Էǵͣڹſڣȴǰ򿪹š
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Ǹᣬˣһ˫۾ϼͶżаȥͲʲôˣ˹ǣ¶аǳЦͷƤ顣
ܲϲˡ
šСüͷ֮ɫҲСϣûжڡ
һ˳һ˻ʹ
Сطʰ𣺡㿴ʲôˣ
һͺˣɢź

СطЩĻ
Ҳ֪ôͣΪܿĶСطݲܿ
ֱضŽԶȥֻĺԽŨ˼֡
öġ
ǺɭкɢŻĶζ
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ҪԶոǸͺˡ
΢΢üԼԴȻ֪ʲôôһֱֵô
ԼΪǸӹﱾܵطв


469 

ϻʵʮٽ
̫Ӻ̫ѾæýŲմء
Сط֪æҲû͹ԹԵȥϹѧˡ
ԭҪһȥѧģһȥСطֻԼȥ㣬ȡѧضˣ
⼸գ޹Ｘһû뿪
СطΪʲô˵ͷ
ǵģ
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ʳǣرһʮֿµϢ֡
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𷢰׵Сֻ۵òУæǰȥ˱ڻСʣûа취ðоһ㣿
ҲرĻҡҡͷҡҲ֪
Ӷ뿪ˣҲ֪ʲô취Լ΢ùһ㡣
Сطšü˵ջүүʮˣ˵үү֮ͽǲͬࣿãҴȥμ磬үү֮ͻһЩˡ
еãطݵүүǸϻʵۡ
ȷʵһҪ֣Ҳ֪ܲá
Ҳûиõķӡ
˵ͷãҸһȥ
ٽʵ硣
طϽµСҲȫϹף̫Ӻ̫æøƵģῪʼǰļʱһڴϢĻᡣ
ʵ۴һա
̫ˣԷ̫Ӹº󣬱̫Ӷ׼ôãܽ˵ʲôʲôҲƢѹһѹ͸ʶ
̫ӳֻ֪⼸£²˳ҲԽԽ֣ÿ븸ʶҪ˵丸֮ĻʧܸաԭѹȥĻֻᱻĪȻͷʵԭһЩԽԽҵĻˡ
̫̾ϢĸҲһղһգ̫ҽ˵¾ڣҪ׼ˡ
ʲô׼
Ȼǻʺްŵ׼
̫⻰Ҳһ£ȦһȦɫôŹȥãĸ屾һֱͦõġ
̫Ҳƣ벻ʲôͷ
˵ҪʺɣɻʺߵʳסУ˵ȷ棬ȫϸѿعģǻʺԼûβͷôȰûá
ҩԸȣ֣־
̫Ҳȥˣ뿪һ£󷴶ֱӺˡ
̫ҽȻôĻʺ޲ˡ
յĻʵ۴٣̫ҽԭ˵ʺ룬ʺ֣Ϊ˻ĵؼֺ˼ҩͱħϿ壬ΣҲжЧҲûʺ΢оһ㡣
ֻۼʺಡ齵̫֪ױ£ʺݿϻʵۻҪϼ֣ĺˣѾֻʣ󼸿ڹӲд
ĸҪϯʵʮ٣ܾò̫Ծֻ϶ע⼸ˣһһֱĸйעĸľٶ
̫⼸գҪдǣҪ빬ȥʺ밲ѯ̫ҽĸĲ飬Է̵ȵȣѾԼŪþƣˡ
ˡ
̫ظӵӣĶͷһǣ˵ȹ˽գǶúõЪһЪҲúõݶ⼸ݶҲ֪Ƿæ²ˣҲÿչ밲ȥѧ
̫ͷ¶һĨοЦ⣺ǰѾڻ·ˣʱҲѰӹȥ
⼸ղŵ̫ʶʱҲ˳ڻصġ
š
̫ӳ˳Ŀ۴һ׼󣬱ǣ̫֣һ߳˷š
СطѾſڵһˣƼš
ǰ빬ʵ밲
Сط̫ӣȸүү밲ܻҰҴӦ˰ãҪȥμӻүүġ
ֳϣݵСѾͷ˵īֻȥûʸȥμӵġ
ȻǶԿڣ̫Ҳ᲻ӣЦӵͷ˵ԡ㰢ôСôˣҪˣ߶һΣɾͲˡ
СطͷİɣһξԲ߶
ΪøһöƬ˵֪öƬ˷ֿԶܹҵԷ
СطݶƬϲòУר˸رÿĽСɰϣ֡


470 ɫ

ع㹬ڡ
չؿžдʢװòɷԼǹĻҲԽԽ
վһԵŮյװΣ
Դ֮񸮸ķ֮ǰҪЩ
ԭǹ˼ɻʺǸŮˣкöҲȹŮ˵ۣСطֵ
ڲͬˡ
ŮԴ֮һֱಡ齣ڣҽ˼ҩʯҽ͵׼ˣ
Ҳȫ˾֪ʺҲǿ첻ˣ·ӡûû󹬣չ˵㣿
ۼʺҲûֻܼˣΪŲμӻʵ۴٣񸮸²õĹ£ɫˡ
Ůǰչ
ԭͲ󣬷òΣʢİ˵ģͬΪŮƼˣ̲סݳɫݻĹʱΪ˼ĵȡ
Ůôһ˲æʹͷϵػصɫ㣬˵ˣȫ¶ûһλŮȽϵġ
չޱȷеĻĵһӾˡ
üͷҲΪ⣬ǹ壬ζɫ㣬õòطĹɫ
ûڵ̹¶ԼĻҰȵŮһ֮λã˪ģ
ʱȫµˣûһ˵ÿģ
չԽԽ⣬һԵĹŮԸĺù
Ůص˹ȥ
չС˺
ǹıԴ֮󣬲϶ӳ谮ϵаҲҲһձһջݹ⣬˵ġȫ棬ֻҪһֱţܽ
׼ȥ紦ɲôȥһŪ˿ɾҪˡ
ϸӺչԽ˴İ
֮ڹŮĲ£̧°ͣһһ߳޵˽
ʱڻʺ޹ڵĵһϯ
ǹء
ǻʺǻʵ磬Ŷ޾һ
»ʺಡ齣ҲѶӶϱӽнϻʵ۳Է
ϻʵҲû룬ֻǳԶٷѣοҲȷʵû̫ôƽ͵ͬһˡ
һɫһɫҲôÿ
̫ҲҶԣͶŶһЩСع۲̫Ӻϻʵ۵ɫʱʱʹʺһһĿ
ֹٷȻҲԵò
ϻʵۺܿ˿ӣ޳Աˣԡ
̫ԣҲ˿ӣԴһЦܹҲżοӣĳԱˣǼȥҺ

ϻʵ۱һ˵£ֱӾ߳ŭˣİ𣺡̫ӣԽԽ޷ˣ˺̧ܶȥ֮⣬㻹ʲô
̫ӵȻز˲ǣ²󣬼Ȳֹԣʲô߰ĵʿڻʹﲼʲôҲֹҹҹչһˡøĸúóһٷˡɸȴΪĸԵԲȥˡʣʳչʱ򣬿ħĥĸ󣿡
ȿȡ̫ӣ
ʺȻأȴû̫Ӷϻʵ˵Ļһżͺ
̫ɫҲһǲͬؿ̫ӡ
̫ȴûᣬôܵŭ̲סһֱӱһ
Ҳܼ򵥣ʲôʱ˵ˣҲܱǰʵ۳ûʵ²̨ҪЩ
̫ҲվֱֱϻʵۣһһʣĸֻǸӣǾѵӵĻȥ𣿡
ҲҪ˵ʲôԼ˵ĻӵĹܵ׵ʲôʱĸӵ£йڳ飬д⹬ﲼ³󣬶ĸĲҲкôģһ棡
ϻʵ۹ִ˵ˣҲ΢΢Ǻ죬ģŭ̫ӣﲻ֪ôˣһûͱŽô
껰ϻʵ۴ŭȥ
̫״ֿ˿̫ӣҲ֪˵ʲôСطݵļϻʵۡ
Сط׺Ҳˣææܳȥ׷ˡ
ʱʺűִ
޷ףɫ԰ֽԲ̬ѵ̫ӵģ̫ӣ㡢ʲôտٳ
̫ǰס˻ʺûʺº󣬲Ų֪Ҳ֪һУԾĹ촦ӭ
ִͬҲùǰ޴档


471 СС

үүȵ
ϻʵúܣ·Ҳ鲻Խӿ첽ȫ̫ҪΨһĵӣ˷ȥ
߳ȥóһ·洫۵ĺ
ϻʵ۵׻ǻͣ˽ŲŤͷܵôı˱
ԭȷʵ̫ˣһѺӱȴɲ١
Ǹʿڹﲼµĳõġ
ϻʵĵôţĿȴ˻СطϣСطĶãǳ̫̫ӵˡ
ȻڵǨŭĵز
ϾϻֻۣͬԼ̧ܵĶöˡ
ϻʵ۴ܹ̫ӹ˲СͷϵĺˮǻûԱ˭ܳģ
ԸҪġ
СطЦؿϻʵۣүүˡƢܳҶѵ⣬ﶼܲϳ鷿˯ˡ
ϻʵüѵˣ
ǰ˵˼ȡ
ϣô˼ȡ
˵վôóȥ棬ҲúȥϹѧ
㲻ȥ𣿡
ϻʵ۵˵Сطݣѧ̫˵ձֵؿɱЩǿˡ
̫ѧϻʵ׵ĶӻѧģͺСط£츳ƽӹǵĸϻʵ۶Լ׵ĶӲû̫ĺøС
ûøйûøУϾԼ֣ƽʱע׻ʱ˳ʼӵǿԵġ
Ի游ĿޣСطݻǺǫЦЦ̫̫ضˣүү֪ҲǺġ
ϻʵ۶ԴҲֻ֮ԱǣǶ޵ĶӣＸ޻ġ㻹ȥϹѧҲû̫佱Ǽ䣬ȥ
ѽҲôǫ飬ϲĺӣϣݶ㳤󣬱ñǻүүүүͰ̫֮λ㣬ô
⻰棬Ц
Сطȴ˵ǻүүȨ̫ĲãүүʱԻǻүүδػ̫ӵĻδػıȵá
ϻʵôһ˲Ļ㱡
ĵҲԴ𣬶̫ӵǺûǲأ
ʵҲͺͿˣ̫Ѿʮˣ̫Ĳãͻ̳ˡ
ԣ̫Ҳֻһʱѡ
СطݵĻشȴоο
ԭŭ壬Ҳ侲
̫Ȼϲ׵Ͼ׶ӣܹΪòŻôġ
Сطݸղ˵Ļ
ƺүүһʵϻΪԼ׵˵˺û
ĸӹϵ̫ӻСʱ֮ĸӹϵ
үүղҲûԶ٣϶ӻŰɣǬ幬ٳһ㣿
Сطϸ۲ϻʵ۵ɫ
ƺʲô֮УļҲȥ˵ԷĻ
Ȼϻʵ۴ȰԴ̾һĸοСʱƢҲֻԽƢԽˡ
ΪʲôأСطɻؿ
ϻʵ۳˼һҲΪϵĵ̫ˣе̫ˡʵҲ֪̫ģѾһˣѾܹ̫ƽʢŴˣ˻ҪԼĳ
Сطգգ۾Ųºۼӣ˫ǵҲ͸żů⣬ԣүүѾ˰ɣүүʲô׵ġ
šͬүүףȴأݶүүô죿
İ֪͸ģĪɣ
Դǵػش
ϻʵͬص˵ͷ˵Ҳǡ
ߣүүԱȥ
ϣȥع㹬չҲЩȡ
ڻʺﲻɢŤͷʹСȥôôס
ϻʵۻǺǵģɨ˵̫һۣ˼Զѡ
̫౻һͷ亹˵ܹ̫ȥˡ
źϻʵ۵̫ͱϻʵۻҪСʮ꣬ҲǾҵҵūţֵ֪µû˵ͽ˺ǳȥ
ϲԵʳŷ׼أū˴ŵǬ幬ȥ
š
ϻʵ۱СطݣֱӴӻʺ޹ߵǬ幬ûģоʮɡ
ãȻҲźãͻԷʱ򶼶˼뷹
ͷ˾ʹ˵չˡ
ϻʵ۲ŲŲæط꣬СطݳûС
Сط֪ǸչûʲôøУźò׼ŻүүͻүүԶٷҪŮˣҲǺܺã쿴үү
ϻʵһĵӣôϲչ
ϲ۸á
ǰãһ۸ģ
׿˵ģòŲѡǸŮˣֻлүүϲҶϲ
⻰ɲ˵ġ
Сط֪չܲá
ϲչˣָͷܹˡ
ϻʵͯ޼ɣ̲סЦЦ˹СӵѽССͣһԣǸСӡ
Сطݻ̫ʲôг飬ǲչġ
ϻʵ۵ĵףչٳ谮ȻҲǱȲӵģԾ˰չȰع㹬ȥˡ
ˣ
ϻʵ۳ؿСطʡ
СطͷڵģүүһССϣܹӦҡ
ϻʵʵŶ˵˵
Сط˵үүյ磬ѰҲүүף٣


472 ڲ̳

Ŷ˵ǸСѾͷ
ϻʵϸһ£ЦСطݵͷ޿ԴӦøޣΪʲôҪǸСѾͷôã
Ϊǰð
Сط˵ţ˵ʲôһ㣺ֻ԰һ˺á
ϻʵۿôֿƶСģɵһϲҲֻˡ
ī֮Ůһ֮ĸһ͹ˡ
Ҳգݶ꣬СﶮʲôŮ֮顣
ȹٸԼҲ١
ʼұˡ
һ㶼̫̫ӻǻʳﶩδӣһδ޻ûӲ˭Ƴûһ֮ĸĵУǹ̫СûɵɻͣûˣϾزʱʲôϡ¡
Ǭ幬뿪֮СطݾȲػص˶
ãһȥ
Сطһȥͷҵ˻ڴϵ
ģ޾ɵģ
Сطô˷ܵӣǿԼȫԼɫ΢ÿһ㣬ƵشӴ룬ݸôȥμ磬ҲȥĻݸӦûѹġ
ʱСطһҲŮһʺȥμѡ
˴ʱСطݾǣСֳˡ
߳ʱѾܿһʹĺߣ˿˿ĺĳһϿա
ָǸСطʲôط
СطݴЩС˷˵үүףٵ磬Ǵ˵˸ʹڣ˺öϡãҴȥơ㲻Ǻϲè𣿻иʹһֻɫè䣬ɺÿˣ
ɫè䣿
ɫ飬Сط˵èŻع
Ҳֻתעôһ˲ѣһǿҵԤУضһˣ
Ȼȥһ£
𼸺תܡ
Сطһ£Żæ׷ȥ
תһȦȻһ£ڳһڲŵ̳ӣֱ˺ðΡ
ʲô
СطҲֵòС
ԭС޳ŵּ״Ҳ׷Ƽ̫Ӻ̫޵һڳĺڲ̳ӣҲһ˲æ˶Ĵ¹
˵󣬼ææ˹ڲ̳ӾҪǰ鿴ͱֹˣҪ
ʲô
¡ֵ˶ǲ⡣
СطҲ㶼ãĺۼȻǲǰȥģҲпǵ׵ĶȰߵװɣ
¾ԼС˵ʮе˳ȥ֪ͨˡ
Ҷڹͷôˣ΢곤Ƽڲ̳ӣ;꣬ʶľ뵽׹ʤ֮Ķ
ԴҲȥҲûø֪顣
úõĴϲӣʥϵ֮գȻԸͷ˲
̫ԭæŽʣ˵ĻʱϵЦһӾʧˣҲֻһ˲±˿æָ˳ɫȥ£ææϻء
Ǹڳģڲ̳ʱ̫ǲһˣʴ£ʲôôڶ֮ڣ
ܼһͷ亹ūҲ֪ǡǰڳģǿ
𣿡
̫ŤͷһԵС
СѾ̳ãСطҲúܣ˵ãˣ⵽ʲô
֪
Сͷش𣬳̫գգ۾Ҫյ
յ
ǾԲʲôö
ΪŲĺڲ̫ҲȥһһʲôµĶô죿
յǸܲ⡣
̫ҲûԥȥûѣҪֱӰ̳Ӹջˡ
ȼ˺ڲһӽ̳Ӳ¶ȵߣǺڲ󣬹Ȼ¶̳ӵģ̳ͨҲǺڵģйĻƣĳֿµޣĿһ˫۾·һǰվŵˡ
Ȼ̳ʹһŹֵļϸҽ
ŲҽǲŵõСĹŮһܿˡ
̫ȴӻҲԽԽ
С
ţȻקСطݹĺɰƬ
Сɰ̫˵ӹȥһա
ã
ǿǰ͸Ƭ
СطĶڵѪἫˡ
Ҳ֪Ǻ̳ʵǹŹ֣õҪЩ
̫Ҳûʱ
ƽҲûôĻ棬ĻҲû룬ͽӹСɰ׼ӵȻȼյĺɫ̳棬ţ洫ҽиˣɫ̳ӲøӾңһһ̳ըȼճһصķĩ


473 ʲô

飡
̫ɫѿ˼㣬˭а̫Ӻͱ޹֮У
Ĳֶûз֣գ˷ֻĺ
϶в˻£Ϊݺ̫֮
ˣļ񶾣̫ζ̲ȥġ
ǾߣҲɷŹһҪ̳ӵ˸
ºֵվһԣŷŭ̫Ҳ㷲š
ȲȥҪϸѲ飬˭飬ÿ˶ᱻɣԼݺҲֵĻ̡̻
̫Сطݺ𶼴޵һڲ裬˺һʲôɻĿ⿴𣬡ε֪ǿаģӹȥĺɰ
̫侲ȻҲͷֵϵɵ㡣
СطҲˣʦأ
ð¶ԵǰĸòŸոհ͸
ھͻˣǲǲ̫ã
СطĿ⣬˲ͬ
̫ôάȻҲԾζˡ
ĿҲ˼Ӻɻ

ǵܵܵĺ
̫ˡ
ƽСطһΪҲûʲôӣҲûע⵽ô࣬ټ⼸ҲȷʵæµӵĹĶһЩοˣЩ˵ӵ״û⣬Ҳûʡ
ʵ̧Ѱˣ˼־衣
Ƽôά𣬲ԾĸоǸǿ˼֡
Ͼ̫δҪΪĸˣûĻͷԣҲīŮˡ
̫Ȼôһ˲ĿűӻǺ˶Ӽ䣬֮ż͵ģùò˺ģԹشùõ𣿡
Ǹɫ̳ӱջ֮Ҳ˲١
ҲԸо֮Ƶĺɢ١
ĺвģֻǽƿһӡ
šСüͷһصСģ̫Ҳž
Сطһ԰Ͱ͵˵ĸ㲻Ҫưãܰʲô϶Ầǵġ
ƶޱȵ
ֺֻ̫Ц
Ȼ֪𲻻Ầǡ
Сģ峺ҲǻẦ˵ĻӣֻɵأϵشòСġ

գգ۾˵к
̫һ˼ǣܿаĹŹ֣аɢ
ţܶ࡭
ָָͷϷλã˵һһס
̫꣬Ķˣһôʲôа𣿡
ǡ
˵ͷʮƶ
Ҳֻȷһˡ
ҪȥԸʲôаҲûôı¡
˵ţִ·һƬݸСطݺ̫һһ飬˵
ȻֻǴͨƬ
ô˵Ҳǳ˾Ľ𣬾ͨƬҲ̺ϢģҼΪרа
СطСƬսģͷĹŮϽص޵ȥȡµСɰװȥЦü䣬¶һڴ
̫Ҳܾ棬ɫƬһֺرů⣬ССһƬȴʮǻ
ǡģ𡣡
鲻Խʡ
Сط̵ģȻûע⵽һĻ
ûСطݶţڶԼһֱɢ̫Ҳûʲô˵ѽǰƬ
̫
ӣȷûڸҿЦ
ţ˸첲ߣӣƬų̫ˡ
ССĸ첲ϣһӾͲ˽ɫƬŵ̫гվһԵҲˣɫҲһӱˡ
ã
СطݲŤͷãٻعͷԼԱˣһӱȵ˻ңæǰȥӣСѵ˵˲ӵ𣿰ãᱻᱻץߵġ
ǹ
̫ӵĻĵ׵һӦðôһ仰
ʱȽϺãټͿ޺ǹҲʵû취ڶʱڿ־
֮ԾŵֻǴδ
̫ܿ侲ˣԼĶӣݶ飬㶼֪סʲô
˵ڣִĶ⣬
һʳôһ仰
Ȼӻӣ֪˰ϵĲͬѰ֮


474 ԸԳ

áǡ
СطݾŤͷüΣЩɵؿһ̫Ե֣Ȼǲ̫֪ܡ
̫ǣԣĸ֣˵ȥģġ
أ
Сطݿѯ
̫Ȼûʲôص˵ͷ
Сط̾һȻ˴˽һˮ
ŽգҲֻʣ̫ԣ֣ԼСطݺˡ
Ȼ󣬽ţ̫ԣֱƼ˴˵һĻ
һգ۵ĹվСطԵʧȡ֮ˮεһɫС㡭
ĸʵһСŮ
̫ԣ֣
һĻʵδš
˻˶УԼղſʲôҲţôˣȻǾ֣
Сطݼĸڷ㶣æǰӵĸǿ˵˵ģܲø֪ˣǻץ߰õģÿǽӣ𣡡
𣿡
̫е㱣ӵĻҲ̲סЦˣͬеص˵ͷȷʵҪǰ¶֪Ժǵа
ĩˣҲŤͷԣ֣飬ҲֻǼ֪̫ӵ£Ҳͬԣ֪𣿡
ūס
̫ЩʿֺȻ֪󣬶Ȼô׽ҹ
̫Ѿ侲ˣ˰ڵס
⼸£ǹɣΪӵ飬ǵûӵѧϰˣ֮ǰΪӵԵʱǣںڸǰһôһæ
ԣѰͨСڶҲûʲô˵ġ
̫ע𣬸۵СҲغ£ù֪ǻӣһǰ㣬ɺã
˵ͷ̫ĿΡ
̫֮СطݴȥٰĹȥˡ
Ǳ߰ЧʻеģʱѾǺɫ̳ӵˡ
һѲߵ̫Űǰĳҹ̫Ӻ̫޹ǰԺƼһӰֻΪǹڵѲ߽û顣
̫ɫҲûа㾯ɵĺǣͷ̫½Ѳһ飬ĳֱ˺ɫ̳ӡ

ع㹬ڡ
ȥǬ幬ʧܣȰߺչɫǺܺá
Ĵ˺˸ϡá
ڱµûбСҪ۵øƵģΪСֱӽ˳
ʱ䣬Ϊϻʵ۵ĿеλȲ̫ӣܵñȵùʺȴû뵽иСϻʵļ衣
ŮСﲻ꣬ȴϻŵ˱µϲ⣬̫ӼλСµ̫ӡ
չһ⣿ֻҪǵͲ٣
Ůûд𻰣ĬĬصͷ֪ԼҰġ
ԲΪ˺λô򵥡
Ūһȣչȱȱ˵ղҲôû⴦
Ҳ˵ܲٲܲپ͵
չ߶꣬ͷʹͨ˵ˡ
չϲ˽
һź󣬶չǳǳ˸񣬱ɫԽغˡ
չ̵ԼյҲǶ˹Դ󣬲Ǳµ嶼ſ˲٣ɫҲһձһպã񡭡ϣɿ׳أ
˵ţ͸ˡ
ϵЦȴδ֡
ˣôܻԽԽãһвǱѡ
½ǣ˼ɨһչĸȻ󵭵̧չ¶Բܽ˵ͱһԡܹ쵮ڱµãôɾĳΪΪŮˡ
⻰˵չĿˡ
Ҳ⡣
ϻʵȻʹ󣬵۷ɣҲ˵⼸Ҳٻеģֻܲܲ⡣
طȻ̫ӣҲǲɸıġ
յһλӣôҲĻᣬʱռҲƾһУط֦ͷˣ
չԽԽĶ̲סŹʣǹط컳ϻӣ
һЦУ룬ûطıҪˡ
չʧɫΪΣͱµ嶼ûģ
ЦĿСϣΪֽԸԳ
ȻѾˣطʲôģȻûʲôˡ
չ㱣þöôͻȻĺϢ


475 ףԸ

ȷҲͿ˱һۣҲûҪȻھҽ
չѾЩ״ˡ
СԼƽ̹ĸ·䱦һ
Ц︹лӵ·ǳòҪôݾߡ
Ļһˮһӻչʱ侲˲١
ˡ
Ǻ󹬡
ܳŮˣ˫۾Ķӻ
ڲֻʣһĻʺҪ֪ˣ϶ҪһôҲԸϽȥġ
ɲУ
չϣڱĵ̫ҽԺˣԽ˽
ô˵ţѾȥˡ
ûֹһԣһĪĸо
չҲûϲãΪڿһµ⡣
ŹĻ˵Լǻˣǿ϶ǻˣһǹأ
ôλ
ǣչյ˹ĸǰԼ˵˳ҵɷ»
ԭڱĿ⻰ӣЦЦؿչǿԣøһЩۡ
ʲôֻۣҪñ˳½ĻӣȻʶΪ̫ӣطδʵۣʲôۣԸܣ
ΨһĻˡ
Ȼ念׳ꡣ
Ҳȷ״ֶ̬ܹãһֻһʱأ
ӣһҪǸӣ
ɫź¶ԼҰĵŮˣǻһĨζǳЦһţĵˣΪͬȣͼ󡣡
չʵҲ׽͸ĪĹҪռϵõʲô
˵ǵλǮ鱦
λȴ㶼ϡӡ
ǹҪʲôأ
Ȼ
ûн仰˵ȻΪ˼ٲҪ鷳
ȡһ֮൱ȡ˵ˡ
طϻʵۣչ󣬲һ¾ͻ
ţµĴȡһλʵϵֱλʵһλ
Ŀıﵽˡ
豭һڣﻹҽȸɡ
չƣ˵ҽûͷʹͨ˵ҽ޵ͷˡ
չһ˽
ҽҲĿתͷ߽Сĵظչȷʵ˹ϲϡ
չϲԽҽ鱾˵ȥҸǱߣҲʱҪ˵
ҽԹԵͷ
չһͻ˻ֽ˸ˣ͹ղŵĻ⡣
Ҫʲôꣿ
ϴǶأ
չ֪ôᵽ
Ǻ˽ܵĶ
չɫһ죬һȻ֪Ϊʲôʣȥȡ˳ݸ
⡢ⲻǽ֮𣿡
һص˵ͷʱãʧȥЧҽȡߣٸﻻȡһµġڱ꣬ҵɹ»Ӻᡣ
չ壬ֽһƿҩһ˳Ƶչǰҩ£ص
չӹҩƿӺѾòУŮƿӾԼЯš
̸󣬹뿪ع㹬
һµĲãʹѾΪ֮κ˶ѡ
Ŵ֮ĳ
ҹ磬Ǹֵġ
Ҳֻϻʵܹһˡ
˱һһϣϧɣδɾûôֵӹˡ

ʵ磬ͬ졣
Сطǣ֣ȥ˻ʹ֮ߵ¥Ƽʢŵ̻Լ֮УǴ
ĸ֡
һȥʳǽ½ǵƻͨпȽȽ
ȫǸʵۺٵףʣԽԽߣǳ
ƼǱߵĿдֲһŶ
СطСָ֣źܽĳĿơ
ӣϸһӾƼˣҵĲдļ֡ҪԶϲ֣
һȺףظ綫ٱɽףԵøۡ
ֵü䣬ĵ˵ллݸ磡
Ϊһֻ𾫣ûôףأ
һ㰢ݸԸģ
С̻ͿƣͱϻʵԵ̫ܹܸ¥ˡ
ΪѾʼˣΪϻʵΨһĵ׻Ȼǲܹȱϯġ
ֻǣ̫ܹܵĲԽ˾Խ࣬üͷҲšԽĸоҲԽˡ


476 з

֨ѽ
ŵĹűƿˡ
ｻ֮
С޵ģ
Сطţڴ̫ܹ󴩹Ⱥ
ǰȫǴǵȣԼ˽
Сطݼӿ˲ܿСһߵϻʵ۵ĸǰ
ݶˣүүţ
ϻʵۺⷪʹ˵ŻǺ˾ƵԵʣɫ죬ⲻ
ʱ˸
ʱչźţϻʵۺӣôģչطݵĿȻҲʮֲơ
ܿϻʵơ
Сطݴߵϻʵ۵ԡ
ϻʵ۰Լıӽܸⷪʹš
վһԣĿ鲻Խչĸȥ
չĹ۸пɲ̫á
ǰնô֣һǾãǲ֪ðСѾͷѣСΣѵԽһȥ
ô۸ûаͷ
ȴ˭ϣƫƫôСѾͷ㷭˸ͷ
ҪǴеӣ֪һͷԡ
ԡ
ˣǶʱҲûٳԿͷ
ʲôа壬ûҲóʱ䲻ûʵ۶衣
ǲһı乬ˡ
һУСѾͷйϵ
ֻӣҲ벻ԼаСĹ
ԼҲΪʵҲа֣ӣֱӰѱõһϡ
ƼиǶ򵨱ѹŮ˹һϵľơ
ŮЩԥģСﻹڣҽǻ磬Ҫĳʲô⣬ǲճ
չظԼСһʮֲмȥȥʲôµģʲô󻹲ǱţѸȵˮһ°ˣʲô㱻ˣҲһСȡУ˵Ĳǻϵ磬ֻҪҲ¡
ŮӦǣæ˿ˡ
С׼ĲˮȻʹ˵ǲһġ
СȾ飬Ҳû˻ɳ
չȻ𣬵ҲڷֲϣڽʱȻʲô֮١
ԹڸСط׼СԱߵ𣬲ûԼѾˡ
֮ԻȥչĶӣΪоСЩ֡
Ҳ֪ô˵
ֱչŤͷǹŮ˵ʱḧСһ£ţͿһСС˳չתȦչС
ĺܹ졪
գգ۾ͷ׼СӳԵĸ㣬س
һйŮˮСطݵıӷֱһ
ıӺܿŵԼǰˮζСطݵĲ̫һ
ţȻˡ
ԼⱭˮϻʵں͵ġˮ
Сطݵģǹ֭
ûȹƣ֭ڶûٺȡ
ԶԾȻҲǳģܿͰСӶҿСһڡ
ʱŮѾصչԡ
չĿҲ˶Ʊϣ˾ƣǱ㻺һĨóѵЦݼţŤͷȥϻʵˡ
ΪҪƭСӺȥġ
չ׼ľҲһľơ
ͨҾȻˣСһ㾭ܲסһڹƾͲٺˡ
ȵľƣȷʵϵȳ𣬲ζҲһ𣬵ʮ㡣
֪ϾƹƭԼСӺһֳ𣬽ӵʹ˺üգջûȻˡ
е뿴СƼСƨĻʲôӦء
չĵسһ㣬Ͼص
ûȳϾͳһ顭
̫ӺִȻ͵ڵˡ
һΨһ׵ܵܳ£ϻʵסˣڵվŭһȥ̫ҽ
磬Ȼ䱸̫ҽڳġ
һ̫ҽͼҴҸϹ鿴ˣȻڵϻ£з֢֮ͻظ
ö˶˵磬׵ܵܺȻз磬ϻʵ۵ɫ֪Ĳˣ׵׶ʱĿҲʮֲơ
ƫƫʱǲʮСӻίͰ͵ؿߵΪ游游ԱĹ޶ģ̫ӵ²֪ôģƾ޾ݾָ游ı֮ģƣ游Щ游ˣǱ̫ӵзģ
⻰һȫȻĿⶼ䵽̫ӵϡ


477 ̫ҽ

ϻʵҲŭص˻վһûйϵ̫ӡ
ҲʲôϣҪ̫ӷŭˣŽЩ⳼Ц
طӺ׶̫ӲϢһ˳ȥ֪ж˴Դط֡
ϻʵɫɨһǸ״ֶͬҽȥúչ游
ӦһҲټȥԹԵظű̧ߵ뿪ˡ
⳼ɻĿ⣬ϻʵۺǺЦСӾ׻̡ܵһˣֲãԼǽյˣŻεȥɼ
⳼еŵЦøܼ٣ʵűҲǻ̵ˡ
⻰˵ζһһԵ̫ӡ
ϻʵڵƤЦⲻЦĵȴ봸ʹ
ʹֻôһ
߻˵꣬һʹվˣѯα´٣Ϊλʺûг
չǸԼĻᣬЦǻʺͳϽż岻ʣŲܳϯµ磬ֻñ˳檣ڱңף١
ϻʵͬص˵ͷ
ʹǿ˿òĹֿ˿ʺ̫ӣܾԼᵽʲôࡣ
طϻʵ۳ңѹͳʺ󡭡
ǲطϾҪ»ʺ̫ˣ
ʹǸװɻ󣬵ȴǲұ¶ġ
Ͼ˼ҵĵϣٷҲϰ֡
֮ôҲֲС롣
СطѾصԣŵ˴ϴľ㣬ʱȲѣãȾ𣿡
С˵ģģûа⣬Խ
СطݵĻ㽫ʣǰˮݵСطݵǰСʣԭǾģܺúأǺ˸оȺģŶ
СطԣץסС֣ȻȺġ
С֣ҲһȺģССطһŵľƱ˵ãǾƣСֶܺ
Ѿ˺öࡣ
ͷ𣿡
Ρֻеȡ
ǿһЩˮɣ
Сطæҵģæ˺üˮźȥ
ԶչŮѾСһϰˡ
ЩƾͷˣΪСرĺ죬ڰСĳ£ۡ
࿴ôۣҲȷԼֶûдﵽҪЧˣܿתߡ
һźȾƵ̫Ӳ˲Ծ
ߵСԱߣûʣųϵľζʱɫͳˣȾˣ
Сط䲻׵ڶһӦͷ˺öơ
ȣ
̫üɨһ۰ϵƺ
ǰĻû򿪣ŵ˾㣬СطǱߣȴͨĹ֭
ǣŪˣ
ȣ
ţ
̫ԵĻȥȥȻԸͱ˿ûѾĲС𣬶Сطݵߣȥҽ
СطһҪҽҲòԾˡ
Ѳڰõľ¶𣿣
̫ӣ
ʱͦġ
ǣıСȴСˡ
̫Ҳ󣬺ϻʵ۴к󣬾ʹӴҴ뿪ˡ
ϻʵҲֻڵܲˡ
һ٣ϲϲģһȫҪ̫ҽȥֱҪ̫
ϻʵ鲻ãչȴֿ˻
ղСѾͷǱ뿪ˣ˵ԼǷȷʵˣǺݺݵسһʱȻ泩ѡ
̫Ϊ飬Ҳòæȥ
˭̫ʱ򲻺óأ
飬ûʺģɻʺҲڰ
ֻ̫ӲͷƤȥӦλз硯Ļ塣
ȻմϢ޵뿪ͼҽҴҵ߳ȥ̫̫ҽˡ
һ磬æתϻʵ۲Ŷԣ޹ҽš
̫˵̫̫ҽͣظ̫ҽһȥˡ
ȥ֪̫̫֮ҽΪС˾ơ
̫ӽҲ˽СȾƵľƺ;Ʊ̫ҽ鿴ˡ
̫ʱüͷšøǷ˰ٰʮǮһʣô£ö˶˵СôȾˣ
СطҲһãȻĸҲ֪Ůƺ˹ȥʱڻүүԡ
̫ӵͷ̫ӣʲôüͷ
һԵ̫ҽˣ̫ӵ¡̫ͨİһ˵ֻҪҲʲô⡭
ֻǣ׶˵ȴһ𺦡


478 ް

̫ɫһŵؿСɫֻСˣڴϣǿȾƺȳģ뵽⣬ԭͲ˰ԣӦûû°ɣ
̫ոһʱȻԾˣֱƬֳվŵĽǶȿȥ൱ԣ
̫Ťͷ̫ҽȻˣȥҩá
ĩˣֶ̫ӵոʴ٣֪Ϊ˶ǲУȥɡ
̫ûע⵽ϵı仯ӵĻֻεӣĪ
£Ųеڶ̫˽ˡ
̫ôϽ˴޵ϳȥǶСܣûպ
ȥ
ߴţſǱ߳ȥ
̫ҽѾ뿪ˡ
̫ҲûҶܿͳȥˡ
СطݾСߣܽҲ쵽ʲôȥСƹ£ԭ۵СѾ˽ɫƬ
ã
̫հѹ˶ϳȥţӵľ
æ߹ȥ鿴ȻʱȻûԳԭΣƤѾȫƬǸС۾ǷŽɫġ
ȫС𣿡
̫ѯԭΣ
СȻûǾƾǴڵģӰ죬ǰ˰ģٵһᣬܻԳ°βˡ
ҲʶˣСģǺܿϧʧˡ
ܡ
СͰ͵̫ɫʢί޹
̫Ҳе㽹ͷöǿ̫ˣ
Ǻ󹬣Ƕʱ˻
̫ӵ˼СȾƲ⣬ֽš
СľСطݣСطݿǵ۰СԷĿĿǲ򵥵ġ
ĸô죿ѵҪһֱȥ𣿻ᱻ˷ֵģ
ĸȻСǻˣСӣ˲Ű
һû˷֣үүҪ⣡
ţĸ룬ĸ̧ӹѰͻضصúÿŰ𣬲Ҫ
̫˵Ͱ죬֪ݣܿͰСӸ̧ˡ
̫СôϵСӱʵʵææؽͽС˳ѶҲ˽ȥֶּ䣬˿ѽ̧ضȥ
Χ̫ˣĻء
ȥ·Ͼδˡ
չŮͳһȦĿľ֪̫Ӵߵ𵽵ô¡
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뿪ǰȥµչŮĻɵЦŲָףѾͷȷʵˣӦԲٵĿͷ
Ůǵģּ̫ҴϵӣƺƺȥѾʡˡ
չһԭطݳֵģҲԼ̫޼ɵ顣
ȻѾ֣·ݲȣ˵˵ȥ
Ҫǲͷϣϻʵ˵ֿ϶ٵģʱ򷴵ǰԼͽ
ԣǧ̫ż
ĩˣֿŮʣʺǱˣ
ŮҹŻ˵ʺ޽Ҳôյˡ
ô죿
չе㾪ȣҲ֮ڣЦһҲãҶĺܹƽ
Ȼֻû뵽ʺ˵㲻
߲ŸȥͿʺ޹ܹ̫༱ߵϻʵ۵ܹܴ̫Զ˼䡣
̫ɫͱˣһʱҲҶûдյϻʵ۵ĸǰȥ
չᵽ˲ͬѰϢùŮȥϢ
ȹŮʱ򣬱˻ʺѾ޹ĺϢ
չϵЦݶ˼֡
˼
ʺ̫ʱˡ
տǻʵ۴٣
֮գʺްţɥ϶Ƿˡ
Ͼʵ۴٣ͬ죬ա
ղŸոտʼأôܽлʺĹɥ
չ룬ʺҲģŵʱأͬʵͬΡò룬˵ʱ򣬶ʵۣںܳһʱ䣬ϻʵ۶ҪʱĻʺˡ
չϻʵ۵˽⣬˽ˡ
ֻʺް飬˸߻ʵ֮⣬̫Ӻ̫ҲҪ֪ġ
ʺѾȥ֪ͨˡ
̫ȽӵϢŸСͶĽӣ䲻ôըϢ˶һ£ſֶڷģʶްˣ
¡¡
ڻӦһµҹգȻһף


479 

ȥ̫ͨӵˣ
̫ܿͻָ侲
˵Ѿȥͨ·ˣߵͻȻԭֻƣЩϴţҲ̺£ɲ²ãǾͷ˲Ծһ̽ϢѾȥˡ
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ϻʵ۵ҲǽӽβˣǸȥ׼ʺĺˡ
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Ǹɫˣ׵ᡣ
Ͼǻʵ۴֮գǻʺˣǿɥʮֲһ¡
οΪ󣬿ƫƫ߻ǵӣ
̫˼ֺ󣬲ߵ˻ʺĴߣ˻ʺݡ
Ϊħ࣬ʺԣ⼸¸ݵøֱ࣬ʣһƤǡ
ҲΪΣʱţҲֻܸ磬ǿԼһ˵ĸϻʵ۵
ʱ˶ûǻǻʺһͬô˵ˡ
̫ȻΪ̷ҵĶϱôǼ˻ʺһˣ̫أΪ׶ӣȴѾƲˡ
ϻʵۣĵװȫչ˶Դʺˣûˣ֪ʺ֮ǰʲôģ
顭
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ڻϵ֮ǰ˭Ҳ޳ҲںҴʺްŵϢ
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ϻʵŵľƱһӷ˵ϡ
ͫôһ˲ɢˣţ˵ʲô
̫ظһ飬ر£ʺһʱ֮ǰѾˡ
ॡ
ϻʵ͵ײǰӣһѿ߿ˡ
Ҵȥķǻʺ޵
չȥεĽ͵Цʺ˵ĴĵϢʵۼҴ뿪ȥ£ôżҪȥأǸոմӦȥع㹬𣿡
ϻʵĶǻʺýչĻ
ֻʲôԼߴߴʤ

ϻʵ̲סˣȺسչŭһƿˣ߿
չôһһԼҲµˡ
ڹŮۼֿסҪһƨɵڵϣĺӶ
ҲǵһοôȻŭϻʵۡ
ǡԴҩˣ
ɫ˥Ļʺ
ôʺ˵Ϣܵô죬ΪŮ
չţͬʱޱңԭϻʵ۵ĵףװɫ˥Ů˰
ʲôأ
ΪʺѾѽ
װţ˲ˣһҲǿ롣
չس˳ǣҲûپϻʵ۸ղŶԼĻڹŮĲ£еغСصԼ޵

ʺ޹С
̫ѾƽˣΪʺԼΪĸ¡
ǱҪֹģȴ̫ˡ
Ϊ֪̫ΨһΪԼȥĸˡ
̫޵ſڣ̫ͬĸĸ
Ȼͼϻʵɫҵشӹ˽
ǵġ
ܡ
ԭΪʮ٣ǻص׳ʱ緢·ٴβһҹɵİˣǱݺŨŨĻ⡭
ںʲô
̫ĵĬĬ룬Ҳ


480 ̫Ӽ

⣬̫ܿ͵õ˴𰸡
޵ڱֻʣ̫ӺѾȥĻʺ塣
ϻʵ۹Ҳû̫˵һ仰ƿ޵ȥ
̫ûиȥ
Ϊͷڵģϵһڡ
룬̫Ҳкܶ໰Ҫ͸˵ġ
ֻⳡ̸еĻҪݡ
洫˷ǳҵ
ϻʵԵĴ̫ɫѿŽȥʮֹ˼ɵؿ̫üۡ
ȵƽˣ̫Ჽ˽ȥ
Ȼ̫һͬˡ
̫༱æͷȥϵϻʵʱظߺһ¡

ʺްţǼС顣
չ뷨ϻʵΨһصԼӦòڶʱڷɥŶԡ
ôϡ
컹δʵ۾˻ʺްŵϢ
չڴûɥһӱѣЩ£ΪԼˡ
ԣ٣Ĳ
ɾͲЩɫ޵ˣǱߣҲһ罫ɥ˹Ҫˡ
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ֻܿ죬һҵ鷢ˡ
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ӡҲñչλֵƹܵġ
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ŮǬ幬ﴫϢƺˣһչ˶˲١ԭͬһʱɾˡһƣǡ
ĻȻ˵ȥ
Ҫȥˣʵ۵ı
չӣѿɲУҶĻʶûкúõؽȻΪϥӣʲôΣҲûŵƽһգ
һˣҵӣ빬һˡ
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չḧԼĸźӽ󣬸ȡһĺ֡
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ʵҲڰ¡
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չõҩһҩȽĺӣضΪǹһĿܣʱٷɹϻλôԴԴϵĹˡ
ҲеһöӰˡ

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չʵͦϻʵ䲻ͶģĻߴٵţǹЩȥ
һ뿪ˡ
ˣչҲûţ뷨ҪǸ˷ӡӡ
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ϻʵ⻰ɫ΢䣬Ӧú޼ޣ޲ȥɡ
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̫ôɥĻҲ֪˵ʲôãֻתƻ⣬˵̫ӽڳϵı֡
ϻʵ۵ĸϳǣԴĴǿ޵ġ
ϻʵӣ̲סһôõ̫ӣҲǵһμˣҪ˷̫ӻȥ𣿡
̫ڨڨ˵üǡ
ʺްһգϺ̫Ӵһܣȥ󣬴һ˵ԵѾ϶ˣ㲻úܿҪ̫ӡ
ʵء
ʵװʵʵؽĴȨŵ̫ӵС
濴ֻǼʵǻ֮һ֮ңˡ


481 ȡ

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˵Żϻʵۻ˯һ£ϳĹ̫ˣҲֵС
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ԭǾʿ˳Ǹƭӡ
˵󷨲ºô
ŶãĻʺްˡ
뵽ʺϻʵ۲ò˸ۡ
̫ܹܣʣʺǺʱʼصģ
̫Ҳ֪ʵôôһ䣬ūûǴĻʺﲡصţࡣ
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̫ԣȻ򣺡ǾãŵйŹ֣
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֮ܶȷʵǺЧġ
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̫˳ϻʵ۵˼ѯȥ
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ΪΣ
ȻΪ
ˡ
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뵽ʺްգ̫Ļ
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Ȼû֤ݲǹŵĳ󶯵ֽš
ֱʺ˳ɺŵѲĸϵ
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ϻʵ۶Դ̫Ը˵ƣ˯ˣκ˶ҽмǶΪȷʵúءҲ뿴ǰ׻жˣı޵£
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С̫࣬ϲ
Ҳһ£˵ЩʲôԷͰǬ幬ĴŸˣ׽ڹ⡣

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Ҳûг
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šüͷһص뿪Ǭ幬ع㹬
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ǰع㹬飬ܿͱǬ幬ϻʵ֪ˡ
ϻʵɫ䣬û뵽ŵĳЩ˵Ĺϵ
ȥúöţǹŵչˣҪ֪ǵһһ
̫֪ǻʵ۷ŭף̾ԭΪչǿϣЩӲŰЩûǻû뵽Ը񣬹ȻǺѸıġ

չȫ֪ԼѾϻʵ۵ϵ顣
ʱ򣬶ȥӭӽ
ˣ
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չɫһĲ²ȻѾˣ˵ղţǬ幬˲ҽȥÿҽɫѿ
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չɫ䣬Źֱż϶а취ĶԲԣ
˵ͷȻ¼£ԣֻҪȡñµ֮¿Ϊµĳ󡭡
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չһµͷҲųЦ⡣
ܿ죬ɫٴԹҳɾʹҵȻҲҪﵽ׵ġ
кηԸ
չӣϲҰģŹ֮죬˵룬Ļʶ֮գȡ̫ӣΪ»֮գ
ǺǣŮ˵Ұģ治һ͡
ûҲûˮֻ΢΢һЦĿԴ
ȻһطǾͱʾܿģһȫ֮


482 ãβÿ


Ϊʺްţ⼸̫̫Ҳæòɿ
С𱻾ƾӰ󣬲֪ΪʲôҲһֱû
ڣСطڰϣǳؿСγβһûһĴŹˮľͰߡ
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СС㣬СطݿԼаسЦһ£ݸϲβ𣿡
ȻС״̬ܳˡ
ⲢӰСطݶԴԴ֮ģͷϲҲҪôƯβ͡
⻰ֻ˵Цġ
˭ȴ棬СطС֣ʾľͰ
Ϊ˷̫˷ŽľͰǳԡõģС˵Ѿرˡ
СطݻǼǵԼĸ˵ģŮܲ仰ûΪС𹴹СָͷĽľͰ
ҡҡͷ˵ãԼݰɣҲܸһ𡭡
СԴһ£ȻһͰСطݵ˫ȱ˽ɫβ͡

СطݿԼö˶˵˫ͻȻβͣ˶ˣ̲ס
СƲƲ죬˵ݸ£Ǽٵģ۷㲻Լվ߶һ£Ǹһĸо
СطСŵͨͨĻ·
ȷʵС˵ܸоԼĽţβͣ·һĸоֻ۾Ĳһѡ
ȥĻҲ˫ء
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СٴľͰһˮ
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ԣͷͷСˮЦ
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Сطݼ״æͣԣֱ£Ǽٵģ˵۷ҵȻڣ
˵ţվľͰ˳
ԭϲβҲΪĶѳ룬ٶһʲôβö˶˵Ȼأ
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Сǹɿɰģ²ˣҲʵʲô
ԣȻҲ˵ʲôݴʡ
Сطݲ˼ͷ˵ҲãΪҺԼҪβʲôӣòŻ۷һβ͵ġ

ԣֳСԴ
ҲƬͫǽɫģȷʵģЦеģʮƯȡ
ﻹǲܱԭ𣿡
ԣֵǵؿ
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С˻߱ԭ֮ǰչˡ
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ΪסݣϾҪǱ˳ȥӰر
̫Ӽ¶ӦӲϾ̫Ҳֻ̣͵͵뷨Ӱȥˡ
ܣҪþáܱȥ
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ʵҲ֪Լʲôʱܱȥֻܸоֻܱģˡ
ԣ̾һ
СطҲѧԣֵӣһ̾һضñ£䲻ȥҲûϵȸæ꣬ҾæԺһˮأģţȥ
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ʮֿЦãС°ŶͣѧˡݲؽҪ̫֪Ҫƨɵġ
СôĵģԣҲˮСطݻ·ˮ󣬾뿪˷䡣
Ȼԣ뿪úһӰطǽԺ
ӰڷĴϣͷСĻЦָ˴ӿȥ
ϲƬ»һβСŮʱͫȻһܵ˼ĳ;ţһƨȥ
֡
ֵŤͷܵˡ
һУС֪
СطݻֵߵߵϴСذϴƯĽɫβ
һ߲һֵ߰С˵⻬ģĸо챧˯ˣ
Сգգ۾˵ݸ磬ҵβͲܸ㱧˯뿪ˮܣ̡ᷢ
Сطݲ֪β뿪ˮôأæ˵ֻ˵˵ѣ棬ûҪβ͵˼
롢ȵʱŰ˯ѡ


483 ̫һֻ֣

ۡ
˵㿴ʲô
ԭ˵зڴ϶ʱһӴӴʮôһ䡣
ڵϵС̫Ҳɪɪ֮ɫδȫȥ
̫֡ӵµĶһֻ֣
˷ܣǵ֪˶಻˵ܣߴС̫˵ʲôĹˣ
ǸСģſװˮľͰϲƬ°һβūŻƼСºβúܿģ
С̫Խ˵ԽūСǻд㾫
ԣʱЦ
̫ѶԸаѱˡߣһͬʥ㿴Ķȫ߻ʵۣ
үǻƲ𣿡
ҪǱʵۿôȵģʵҲܲ˵İɣ
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С̫Ļ侲
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Σ
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ҰĲϲƣɨһС̫󣬵˵Ĳȥʥñ¶ҵĻɡսپԽ߱ԽãСֲ֪Ҫȥ
үүôӳ顣
ӣʮӰ˵Ƶʥ϶Դ̫ӵ̬ȺĲͬԭΪº̫϶Ӳ²̫Ӽ֮ԭȱµЩҳɶǶ̫ӸΨǴأ
ɫһϸϸһ룬ȷʵԡ
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ĵȴʮֱɱ
ʮ϶Ӷʹ
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̫ԭæų͢ϵ飬һ峿䲻ؾͷֺüϴ󳼿Լ۹ʮָӣϳܻ
̫Ȼһͷˮ
Դ׵Ʋչ֮廳գͱѼϼܼȥˡ
ԵӵۣѾͷöˣȥ顣
Ҳһλĸǰ˵˽ͷҥԡ
Ҳ֪ﴫȥģ˵ʺްţǱııͱ̫Ķ֮С
޻̸֮
̫Цˣĸಡ£ްʱ̫ҽȥǲ״ﴫȥķԷ飬ͽȥ
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̫ӵɫѾݺݵһӣҧгݵֱǻƣ
ĸ룬Ҳ֪ҥ̫ڻƣⲢҪ⣬ôƳҥԡ
԰꣬˵ҥֹߣҲҲţ֪˿϶ҲŵµġؾЩµɿǴţǿ϶ҥԴ£ʱ¼ٵҲġԱ׼Ƴҥԣ
ĸӵĻ̫Ҳ˼˵ͷ˵Ĳ

ص̫Ӿ̫
̫æã˯þЩ𴲾Ƽһɫ߽̫ӣһ䣺½ôˣ
̫ӽĸ˵ҥͬ˵һ顣
ȻЦ˵һǻ룬ֻƵҥԣ÷зܶҡ̫ڳ͢ĸˣֱ룡
̫̫ӵĻȴɫ䣬ĵôȥģѾ˰СԺӶˡ
̫˵̧꣬ͷһ̫ɫܲõӣššüʣôˣЩҥԣñ̫ǶͷʲôְɣҪǱ̫ģôܻ㣿
⻰ݺݵ̫ͷϣ̲סЦҡҡͷǸ˵ġ
̫ӼԼҲʮص˵ͷ豭׼ȿڲɤӡ
˭ϣһ̫ȴ䲻һ䡪
ΪС飬ġ
ۡ
պȽȥһڲˮȫ˳
̫𾪲ŵؿ̫㡢˵ʲô


484 ε

̫Ӷľȳ̶ȣͺñ֪̫䲻Լĸò绨ͨŵʧɫεѡ
˵һ飿
̫Ͳ̫ӣֻЩæµӹȥˣٺú˵˵С飬û뵽Сᱻ˷¡
ҥǸ֣С𡭡

ĸްţԺС޹ءҪСԺа֮Ƕֲˡڷֲ˻ʲô̫룬Żµһ˵Ƕа֮İɡ
̫ڳģ˵ôôã
ҲҪ㣬ֻЩʱҶ¶࣬ҾȽСغ˵ҲǴӸģС˰֮ԳΣڶ䲻ȥ
̫˵ٶ࣬׻ǲ̫ȥһ
ֱ̫ӾͰѺ̫ӴȥСڵԺӡ
ʱСطݻڹѧϿΣûڡ
ľͰֻʣСˮͷһ˯һݡ
̫ӿʱͫ׵ҲԼ۾
桢ְ
ְ̫Сһ
Ѿͷ޺ģƽͻԳԺȺ˯⸱ģ䲻ȥһֱľͰûд뿪
̫ô˵ֻ̫ӣȻĲ˸С֣ҲÿϸˣСֵģǻẦ˵
̫ӵ׺̫һĵġ
ô꣬Ȼʮ˽ԷԸ
СĲǺ֣̫ðհš
̫֪̫ͬȻôһ黹ţҥԴȥˣĻ̻̣Ļ̫ӻǺġ
ǡ𣿡
̫ӿľͰʮָӡ
ҼԭΣһ㾫ƯҲ󣬰ôСΪ˾ƣű䲻ȥġ
̫˵ţϸһòԣ̫ӵ֮ǰǰ˹øݶȴˣƣɢ᲻֪֣Թ֣ðǾƣŰԳԭΡ
̫šü˾Ƶ˲ˣ֪֭˾ƣ˭飬Ҳ鲻
̫ˣ˽ֽţֻҪۼҪںоѡ
̫Ҳһ㣬εҪô죿ѲҪѰ𽻳ȥҲͬô
Ҳ˵ֲ⣬޺ģȥĻֻ·һˡ
Ͼ࣬ı죡
̫ϸţƺ뵽ʲô˵ǵԺҵааȷʵ֮µģ
ǵġ
̫ӳ⵹ǸĹŵڻʹڲ˳˵ø١
̫˼Ǿãа֮ͳйϵ
Ҫ֤ҲѣȻܷһȻֲܷطаҪаﺦĸĸ޹
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̫ӵ˵ͷֻĸްѾãҲ֪Ща᲻ᱻתˡ

̫ƶҲ͸ĸްʱһܡĸ޵ѱĸߵľҲˡҲа֮Ща֮ڳĺۼһڡҳǻΪЩôͱߡ
ȷʵˡ
ţܿ⡣
С˯úúõģֻȵ߶Լ۾󣬾Ƽ̫Ӻ̫µġ
Ȼ̫ǳȥһ˿ɺã
Сص˵ͷҲȥĶ
ǱȥˣҲǮ
̫ģҲĵСɵģҪܺ˲ְɡ
Ϊ±˷֣̫˲·̫һȥ˻ʺ޵
ȵ˻ʺ޵ǲɢĹˡ
̫ӽ޵תȦȦ
̫˵ټ޹֮Уȷʵа֮
С״ʮ̤ȥû룬ͲЩĵط
ôһڣڳ֮࣡
̫ӵɫʮأȺ죬ŭɱڣҧгݵʲô󣬷Ƕ󣡡
̫̾һĵҲһƬ䡣
Ȼˡ
Ǹŵֹ֪֣ȴûйľ裬񣬺ĸһ
̫ҲȦ̫ӣЩҪδãͷΣҪġ
ڰҲڶˣһ鶫û취ȥ»ֱӱץס
ǡǾ͵ָΣָңīīҵĸ
һĻһ֣ձīҵϡ
̫Ҳӵĸ塣
̫ЦЦΣ£ޱһ壬ΣûаЩ˵ìͷҲɻ׼ǣֶο»ݡ
ʺΪа֮ˡ
޹ֻ֮һʱһ³ͬʺһأ
ֶκ˼һٱ
а֮ΪڣıǱƳˡ
תƲغãҥ̣ܼȥ
˵ʲô۲ĸģ̫ǵһ㶼⡣


485 

̫̫Ļĵ׺Ǹж
֪ڼңԼȢϻĵӡ
˾Ҳûٶൢ󣬴ӻʺ޵󣬾ܽװ͵īֵĸС
̫װī
īﻹиīīţīֻЧīҡ
ԶСݣ̫ûˡ
īīСʮ־ȵģҲֻǾȶѡ
̫˵ǱطģһҪðԸͷĴһ㡣ǶҪģסīס𣬲Ҫκһͷ
īī˵ͷ
뿪ǰֺ̫úõذһ԰סȣʱڹùú㰢ݸ²ܹˡ
СԣСһӾˣץʣǵȰ˵ʱܻȥҰݸ͹ù𣿡
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486 ı䲻˵ج

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룬ջǵͷӦˣã
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īֿ˿ڳԸСüܰһߣߣߵĻҲûϵֻߵĻֻܱ֤һԺΣҲֻһڷԣͲˡ
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487 Ҿط

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488 Ƴξ

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Ļүү͸ȷʵͬԣһչƻһûסԼƢȻơ

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ʲô
𣿡
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ʵͬϹ֮ˣֻɵޣϹаޡΪа񹦷Ż˽硣֮̾ϹȲöҲȫΪҲµ󷨣ˣƺ⡣ڹһ壬ҵǵĳħĺᣬһӵ֮ܣЩ˶ΪѪԽ츳ҲԽԽΪ塣
֮ԺϹɺϵΪϹҪаΪϹطУҪһζҩ֮ˣ


489 ֻҪȻ

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490 Сδ

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īԲīطݻ˼бѣҲмԹȻǵ٣ΪξͲһأ
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ᣬѪܵʵһˮݺݵīֵϡ
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491 

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ͬ˵ҵĿռ䶼򲻿ˣҲ֪ͷôˡҪǰڵĻӦúܿܽǸŵ
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ԼֱС
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ӶˣǻΪۣҲûôõ顣
īͬɿīһīطһȥҹ̽ˡ
ֻīһǲ⡣
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⻰īطݵĽŲ΢٣ϳҲҪܹ˾ǻǡ
ī
˿ã˿š
ĵɣҲȷȷʵʵīִϣ
ֻʣ¸īУѾûбΪҪֵ˼ˡ

ƻͨвֵԺ仹ﲻϡ
ȻīطΪѶ͵ĲУͷΪϻʵλӵǻݵʱԾȲʤȯ˵úܡ
īطݵ˺ܿӵԺ䡣
ʮС꣬ӶûҲްģַӾͱīһŵˡ


492 Ļ

°ˡ
īطݴС𲻽عһȦ԰û˷ǡ
ߵͥɢƵãеòС
ݸ磬˵ֱɱܳɹֹǻˣ
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Ŷŵص㡣ǿʹƣ
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ţԣڿʼչʱ̡˫ҪʱƳһʵۣȴʱԼλ
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šҸоİɡ
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аȣȻ㶼ô˵ˣҾʱˡݸ磬֪ģҺرһ츳ԤмףԵرķʲôԲҵ飬кҪңĻء
īطԣüһʶһ䣺жأ
룬СצĶ⣬Ƶ˵Ż᲻Ҫ˰ɡ

īطˣľ룺ȻǺصĺ


493 ҳ

īε֮С
걻һŰڵϣ۾źɫﻹŲţΪص졣
īִīط֪ĻпܾеһʱЩţǾԹ̽
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īǰŵĲȡ
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һģһ꣬һۿȥȷʵûʲôֱ
Ȼϻʵͬһǲ֪ôģټȫŴ˵׵һϻʵۻ᳤ĸÿĲŴϻʵһ֣Ҳûмѿģƽˮƽ֮ϡ
ĺȴһˡ
ĸí˾˺üģҺҡ
ƫƫǸ첻ߵģׯͻݵҲ۲ӣһòƫƫΪԺլڷԴұƹŷΪ飬ֱǰš
ǣÿв٣ƫƫһ̫ĶŮŴһò㲻ر󣬵ֵϻʵ۵ĺ׷ƽ̶ֵȡ
ӱһҲһ
ӰӾ˫һģһ˵游ȻҲ߰˷ֵ
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īûסЦԽīطݵĲ²ⲻš
ƣôųˣѲӻͻƼޣ
ʵϻˡ
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īԣЩȡ
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ң
ӰҧгݵطܿҪΪ游֮㲻ơСҪסīһ壬ùԹԵЩһͷ游֮󣬶īһٱ

⻰ֱīֳĬˡ
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ӰӾԣɫһ䡣
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īǡҳӡĸ֣ȴ̲סЦ
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ӰһҧŴ꣬䷴Ļû˵


494 Ҫɱң

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īϺ꣬ûаʤ㡣
ˡ
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ҲԷģҲô׾ģÿһλ֡ţͷ۾Ҷһһ͵ϣ游ձʹ尾޲糬

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ңôӾ˭˵žûаôأ
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īæ͵ˡǸŵǻ𣿡
ҡ߹ȻһҲܷŹ
īݵ룬ҪɱЩˣѪο֮飡


495 Ļ̫

īطϡ
Ӻ󣬲Ȼŭ˽ʳǷҪҳӰӾס
īȻٴγΪصע
λŵҲ뵽аæӵ䡣
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չ֪ΪЦ춼Ҫѵȥˡ
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⻰չˣôӰǲʮ𣿡

Ǿ˵Ǹʡ͵ĵƣ治ҵСзӰӰҵƿԼУ
ίǰΪȻʲ³󷨣󷨱ƻѾҵĲΪҪСӳ콵ھͱ뾲
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չĵţֶŮĵҲǴ󣬽󹬵ԼƵãȥĸ޹ȥĸ޹ȵ۵̫ȫͳͶŮһˡҪǱЩϹŶƼƤҲûҪˣ
ŮʵЩ˵Ҳ㲻ɷǷˣһͬһõʲô˵ĺôҲиˡ
չԣҲ˶ǼŮˣһʱ߱ǵкα仯
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ָ𣿡
աչ˺á
۾һץµ۸첲Ҳɿˡ
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չʵؿ䣬˵ᣬһ߲һߵܵܣТĹùöȻǿüġֻǹùûߵʱѾȻʵ۴乬ʷϼˣܳɣҪԻʹᣬ»ЩѶȵġ
µۿ϶зӵģܵܰɣ
չģ̾һ˵ҲգǱ׹ùãĸȷʵһӡ
ʲôӣ
Ϊ̫󣬱ּܲ񱾹ݣȵ۵չء
չ̾ţεؿµۡ
µɫ΢䣬ʲôˣҧˣģվ񸮸ⶨʥּ
չ΢΢һЦļ˼ȫȻǷĵġ
ŶҵĴܵܣƼңҪһĸˡ


496 ѵŵ

չΪТͻ̫ܿʹˡ
겻ʮͷлȻʵŸӣϵ׺ֻ꣬ȴһ󱲷֡
Ϣȥһʱ䣬ǻ׹ȦķСǣ׷޲̾չĸ֡
񣬸óΪ̫ˡ
ոΪ̫Һͱµĸ壬һʱҲޣΪ͢ذͽĶ
̫չ˸һԾϣͷʢиǹơ
ֻһжţҲܿȫǱ
طһƬҺ壬µ۵ǻˣҲǰ㶼ȵ״̬
λã
̫»Ӻ󣬱ضѳֳʱµҲǻʵˡ
ԼǴ޲һαƹ췴ֱ̫ܰԴ
һУīطݺС޹ء
˵Ŀķǳȷھ۱ϣְ֮ʡ
С߳Էͷİԣ̲ס²һ䣺ϵҲ̫˰ɣ
īطݵǰҲûôӣҪ̫ˡ
ƲƲչôͳ̫ˣҪѳֳʲôʱûпܳΪһŮʣ
īطʧЦܡطξûгֹŮʵģ
ðɡ
Щȱȱ
īطݰһЩʱգ㻹ȥ棬Ҵȥ
ˣûȥ
Ѿ᲻ٳȥˣҪʱܹٿһͺˡ
һ㣬īطеˡ
Ҫʱ죬ξ׾ٵƳˡ
ȻԹţԼҲȱȱʮܺīطһӡ
ΨһϧľǣǸСģû취īطݸЩ̸ʱܸɵ飨Ҫ±īֺƼΪ̬
һ¹ȥˡ
ҵµӡ
īطȷǹŵ١
ԭȸշռҳֲ֣Ӱ
ͷһʱ䣬ûٳû
ֱīطݴȥ޻ʹһ죬ǹŵȻ̫Ѳ˺֮У
ˡ
ŵȻӵұȵ۵ǣ֮
𿴵һڰڸһĻʱһ³
īطס۾𿴣ûʲôÿġ
µԼСظŵҲ̫ˣҵһ۾;ԾˡΪǸеεˣȻϹŽĿܡϹһԣ
չţǹһ֮ˡжϵóڹһУֿܻͦߵġֻǲǸдµˡ
Ǻܺð죿ھȥŪɣ
ĥѾȲҪȥɱˡ
𼱡ȵȿ
īطݻ£Ŀٴ䵽ǹŵϣֻ˲һ͵ؽ˵ӿֳһŨĺŲסһʧ룬ûüУͱŵһŤ˲ӣûϢţŵջغٿˣѾһƤǵģ
ȥٴ¶ǹŵﻹʲôῡһ·ɣ
𾪴ˣһӾˣȡǸŮ˵

īطɫҲţû취ֱɱ
޺޵̫ɺˣһ嶼𣿡
񣬸ղǺ㲻ʮ죿
ȷʵϹɭӿġѵϹ
Ӧ֪ͨʲôӣѹһ˱ԼĿܣȻͨĳý飬壬ȡάξģ
ҧѾ಻סɱ˵ĳ嶯ˣīطݣݸ磬ԸĻ𣿡
īطҲȷԣ
Цˣ˸־۾дʣǾף𣬼һŮ˾ʹһζʹһ죡
īطݣ
ʲôµĶȤζֶġ
֮ǰ˵ξõޣīطݱƵģǹŵȻҲһұѹƵĳ̶Ȱ
أ1+1ЧǴ1ġ
ȻҲѹƣ氡
棬ȻζԸЧ
ǣԸûá
ԭһ㣬׼ȥ¸˽͵ĹŵڿŮһ˲䣬뿪ڵϷˣͷԼǴһֱ˲˵ԼӴľʹڵͨһµ˵ϡ
һĻֱǴġ
𶼲ûһ̻ףˡ
ֻ˿ϧǣǹŵҲֻڵʹô˰СʱӾͽسȥ
īطݺ𶼿ˣĶǱӿĺѹȥġ
ֻûˣʹɡ
ǹŵȻûܹиʱʮʹ۵ɫҰסͷ麮վվڵϻԲѣ֫ʱʱس鴤š
״泩ظīطһ뿪˻ʹ


497 


ѾƷһ飬Ҳûҵӵټۼ̫ĶԽԽҲǽͷְ˲١
ŵȰ£·ŵ˻λϣڳ͢ϺµԣͼĻٴεǻ
κֶ̫ʵں
̶£µۺ֮⣬ȵ۵ӣ׵ĻǲмģһȫøַӸŪˡ
ֶĿŵʳڸ嶼Ƶľս
εĹԱǸˣŴطǵ̫Ȩ£µ۶š
İ
ֿʼ
һŵȥĵطһдʦþɷӣھɢҥԣ˵ȵͲ˵ָ̫Ұ֡
ҥ֮Чǲġ
Ͼ̫ҲʮͷͳΪȫطŮˡ
ﶼ֪ж˫ʵ۾ڶء
ҥһȻǼͳ֪Ϣⷪʹʱǽλ̫һ
ֻ̫ͦŸӶµԣ㲻Ϊ
ֻϯⷪʹ޹ʱվ
һ˵Ǹһѣ̫λθԼ˲ٵĳֵ
µΪη̫Ҳֻһֻۣһֻۣ˵
λʽԽϾ
ıҲڼӿٶʳǸϻء
īطݵĲ£һ·ܻعûдݾߡ
ֱ˻ʳڣ̫󶼲֪
īּʱ򶼻ţԼ£̵Ļڵȵˣ
źڽףųǹһԾ£īֵĵһۣݶأ
ī֣
˴ߺҲͻʲôϢ
ʵҲ£ȻǲдϢˡ
һ̫أݶѱˡ
Լİź˵һ顣
ؿһۺĿվīطϣ㣬ī彫ݶ彻ҵģ
īطݵ˵ͷ¡
۾ϸһҸĶӣôҴмơ
Ҿ׶ӡ
īطĵĬĬ̾ϢЩ˵
ֻһӦҪæŰѻλûȥݡ
ݶ壿
Աһī־ˣīطݣôõݶ壿
īطе۵룬ȻһԾҪԲ
Һ÷費ڣȻҪ¶ڡ
ֱһգ·˷СǻСϵġ
ʮֺϾīīҲǿӷߵġ
īҲûˡ
Ͼīطݰܶæټīطݡ
Ĵǵġ
֮ī
īֽʳڵһһ˵
ݶܰȫֻ飬һʱ䲻ʺϽӻҲģݶҵиչ֮ˣҲʮֿ׵ģǰҲ
˵ͷҲûٶʡ
ԣĿǰ֮ҪôŪ̫
µۣĵҲƵã֪һ޹ܺ߰ˡ
ֵ˼ǣչΪݣ鷳Ǹйŵļһ˲ȴʲô鲻գ뵽˹һ塣Լڻʹڲµĳ󷨣ҲҪ뷨Ӿƻ˲С
ī˵ţԽԼһ߾Ǽ£ȻʱһжѾˡ
īطݽĻһЩ֣ŵˣԸ
īֺĿⶼ䵽ϡ
ŵаԵúܣУ
һԣô֪вУ
ݸ϶еģ
Сīطݵĺð˸СԴӳʮƶҳε˵
īֳǣīطݣ㻹ǽ˩ڿϣ粽شŰ
īطЦЦС𣬵ţϾֻôһδޣѾһˣŪڶΡ
īֱ֣
һɻؿ仳СѾͷδޣģôС
īطһҵġ
СɬͷůֿĻ
ĵ˭ҵĳôסСģʲô˭Ů࣬Ȼͯϱ
Ҳͱ̫СһĵʮֲζܿͲȥīطݺСˡ
ڷ顣
īطݺīڻʳ׼£ֻ󶫷硣
񶫷ˣϷȻҲҪˡ


498 ɱ

պ
̫޹
̫ͦжǣڹϣŮõЦɫ㡣
ʲôʱˣ
Ļٹӣ̫Ҫɽˡ
ӵǹͦ졣
̫һ̧֣ŮǰȥӴϲ
Ҳĸ£ûö󣬵Ѿȶ˳Ǵ󸹱ļˡ
̥˶Сźţû˸ҷ̫ĸǰȥ
գƺЩһ
̫޹Ǭ幬ЩԶվſʱԼ߿ź
̫Щ壬ֻĺܣͷǲߵĹŮȥ鿴ʲô
Ůû߳ţͼԶһѪС̫ײײ˹
㡢ô£վסѪҲ³ײ̫
С̫һֵ˵˵ϣ̫ī֡īִһȺɱʹˣ
Ůɫ䣬Ťͷһ̫ҲˣΪԼˣո˵ʲô˭ɱʹˣ𣿡
ī֣̫׵ܵܣīī֣
ॣ
ִ̫ײ˷ڲ輸ϵˮӣһڳضС̫ʣôܴɱʹıأ𣿡
ܣ
̫ܿͷ²⡣
̫Ӻ̫ɱģûϵī־Ҫλ𣬲ӦȰɱ
ūŲ֪̫ܰɣ
С̫˵껰ֵײײһܳȥ
ڣѪϴʹô˵ڶΡ
̫򶨡
Լ˵ģ̫Ӻ̫ɱģѹʲôûɡ
Ҫ˵ʲô㲻ͷ
ϾϻʵˣҲǱ̫Ĳ
ڿǵ̫ͷȵ۵֣īɱˣҲֺ
̫侲ˣֿһ۹Ůȥǰ濴ôһ¡ʵǱˣҲһ
ŮԼôȻҲûֽš
˭ϣĿǰ£ܶһ̫֮¶֣ȥҲҪΪġ
ܿ죬̫ŮͽһСŮˡ
СŮռҸۡˣ̫һ۱ϳԼĸߵѾߣæʵôܽʹˣǸۡ£
СŮص̫ͷˡүū빬ﱨţ˵˵ˣ

ŮԼɻ͵̫ӵһĸͬİܣʮʱӧ߽Ǵʤˣȴˡ
ԣ
̫һۣôû˵ʺôӣ̫ӲСĵ𣿡
Ůڹʱճ֪Ҳ٣͵ΪλǸ֮ˣʱЩѻʺʱ𣬻ʺӣ͵ϥţȫǻиĶӡʮҲĸĸֲԵʡ
ô꣬սɳϢҲ¹ڣģôͻˣҲ˷˼
̫ԣɫѾȫˡ
ǿ̫Ӱܣ
»ʺӣҲ˻ʼ뺵ĵӣ
ԭΪ̫ӾϻʵΨһĵˣû뵽һ
̫֪ѿˡ
ַޱΣﻹֵõͶĺӵǣ
̫Լ΢΢͹Ķӣɫ
СŮּȫױȫϹսɱ˵ģһȺ˾ô̵ʱ䣬˶²ˣλ
ô죿
̫ʱҲ֪ӦЦӦÿˡ
²ôҲǳˡ
ǡū澱үɳﱨŵʱ򣬿ץױǸۡȥˣ
ʲô
̫ײܵˣôܣ
СŮŵ棺ū·˵ˣױȷʵǸۡүͷ˶ץˡ
ʲô
̫ɫŤˣҵʲô鶼ûɣץʲô
Ϊʲôץǣչĵ׻𣿻װɵȥ
һ䲻ͷ
̫ľһ̧ͷͶīɱ˫
ĺ˼ҵض֮󣬡ī֣ôĵӣ󹬾ȻҲҴ˴룡ðң𣿣
ң
īЦһɨһĶӣȷʵӦñһ¡ҰĲС̫أ˭֪ﻳǲȵ۵֣˸зǲ㸹Ұֵ׵ɣ
̫ô˵ҲҪˡ
ĺ˭ģԼúܣٻƣҲûȵۣȥ˯Ұˡ
īôõͶ̥ץŰڷϵĲͳīܻҹȥֱ


499 ˣ

˭²£չĺӱǲڵģչŵˣ㻳˺ӣȻŵӳΪµ۶𣿲ˣԭúõȻʺԼȻʵаһˣ
īֲƣÿһ仰ʡ
̫ͱͲĻԴЩֶ⣬ҲΪȡλˡ
̣ôܶùϺī֣
̫ըһ£ôһ˲ѭ򣬵ɵ˵˵ʲôʱ飡īտڰﱾˣûû뽫Щߵͷϣ
Ļŵġ
īַ̹һ䣬Գƶˡ
ʵҲԼ̫ͷΣҲҡҡ׹ġ
ô˵Щ£ȷȷʵʵûֹ
ңµĿǳ󷨣Ϊʲôȵۻһغ̫Ӳף
ȻЩīֵĸǰ˵
Ǵ̼ī֣
ɱˣȻīһġ
ҪīɱԼָҪֳƿ졣
˵óѣ
̫ҧҧīֵī¶ԱЩᣡǹȷʵҸʶ빬ҲΪˡҩӣ̫ҽԺɶ浵šԼ˵ȵͲ˵顭Ҳȥѯ̫ҽԺ֮ˣԴ˳֮念׳꣡
ʱֵñ³谮ޣҲǱ·¼ŵġδɣɣҲɲīԣ
ɫһڳһ֮ļƣŭī֡
īֱΪչͲ󣬾סŻ
Сˡ
˵һ֮ļƣдеôԣ
Ҳǲżչ飬Ҳֻˡ
ȻᣬҲˡﰲر֣̫޹һʱգͷ˽Ȼͬˡ
ī˵꣬˦ȥ
̫ˣӲӲȻһɣ̱ȥ

ŮæסС̥
̫˵ȴоСһ׹ʹٵͷһѾѪ
Ȼɫ䣬ŹŮֱ۴ߴ٣졢ȥ̫ҽ
ĺӾԲ£
Ψһıˣһǻͳû
ī뿪󣬾ʹȥԮīطݺ
ǹŵЩӱԸڵҲǺзӵֿ
ʹ䣬һϢҲܿյˡ
ΪīֵĿֻչûϵԺܵչ޵ڡ
īطݺ𣬴īֵɱʱ춯ŴӴ͵Ų鸡߳޵
ǹͣʱһŮ˾ʹʹ
ѹͲٴŮϼȡǾʹϣ
֮Уֻ̫࣡
û취ֻӦ˼̫
Ȼ̫޷ά״̬
ʱ˿̣ѾǰƼģˡ
ŵƿţٱСŮʱ۾ģ˽ΪԷĿȲͿڣҪӭڡ
˭ϣӦİε
һֱӳҪȥ
ŵһ£ܵ㣬Ǳڵϡ
ѾļѪֱ
ʹùŵһĿضīطݣ㵽˭
īطЦһȻҪˡ
ŵʧɫæַ̧
⼸ά״̬ôѡ
һֻʣһˡ
īطݵû뵽ôûã׼޽ԴʱȻӿֳһɺŲĽϣֱ
ݸСģ
Сܿ죬һץ׼õƬðźӡ
УȻ˿һȻȥɿīطݵĽ
ԭԣû뵽ԼľƬеôġ
Ǳŭһٴ۳ɸߴһӰ͵سīطݺͷ˹ȥ
īطһȫ׼ںӰʱһɱ
ӰһҽУ˲ɢ˵ǰ
еûµʣˣ
īطݿһ۵ϵŵĹŵһɢͼ˥ϣ䣬һ߸Եͷʬ塣
𶼱ĵˣæīطߡ
ӦóˣҸоξƺƿص֡
ף
ܺһʲôĸоʣԣܲʱ찡
īط΢΢һЦִ̧˸ָ
ԺǿԭⰻȻȻ˽ɫ
ţһգۣʹִ죬£


500 ڳˣ

𶼾ˡ
ʵеС˷ܡ
ⲻζţݸԼе
һס֣ߴٵ죬ݸ磬ұԭӰ
ʵǲٵСƨˡ
ҪͰݸ̸
䡢ԭӣ
īطɻ󣬡Ϊʲôڲ𣿡
ͷСģķ
ʵ˽ĵġ
ɳ˵ģͲ§§ˡ
ţڵŤŤС壬յߣС˵ԭӣͿԸݸ̸ˡ
̸֣īطҲȶ죬һ鲻ģȳȥ˵
Ŷ
Ѻһ֣ߴٵǿȥϹŪ
ŪϹҵ϶Ҳ̸ȥ
ǱξڡӵǿԻסˣ˵
īطҲ˲ԾȻСӣҲڰ˵״ҲˣȻľǱʲôӰסˡ
˶һʱ衣
Ϲû
ʧ˰Ұݸƿˡ
īطݳĿġЩĶξС
ղӦˣ»ֱһʰ
ϾԼξΪΪĸоĻ
̫ˣ
߷ߵսȭͷ
īطŰˣȥ
ȻԸоԼȷʵӵξƿûξ̬ĸıͷչܾðȡ
˺ܿ߳˹
Ƽһŵ͵ȹŮεŮżæŵܣܻˣ̫ˣ졢ȥ̫ҽ
Ů˵ĺҲ֪ΪʲôôˣɲչǸĹŮ
ݸ磬и⣡
أչһӳָŮɣ
īطʧЦСӣС
һ
˴ҵĳҿɻأ
ãǾġ
īطݱŷɵ̫޵
Ѿ¹ȥˣҲ͵ǻΪۣΪ»ʡ
չ˵ԼĺӾȵ۵ĺӣôٹٵ棬ɱı淭ϵĻȴмһŮ֮֡
չס̫޵͵ӵһա
īطݴŷغ󣬾ī֡
֮Ĭ˴кʲôҲû˵͵ͷϢ
ǲţ̫ҽҲȥ˲ٸȫˣ֪
չ˸ŮҲѺӱŮӤ
ˣչҽֹ
öͷƤ顣
īطΪס˫
һӤ޵
ţЦǺǵرźӳˣر£̫λ
΢΢üЦˡ
Ҳ⼤ԭϹвչ¶ӵĻһ䷴˵Ļᡣ
񣬳䶨
˳īطݵСӣĿԳȥˡ
īطݵ˵ͷһͿԼͰ彥͸
ͬʱڻչŵЪ˹ܣ˵˸ҳԵҩܸı̥ԱǻӣǻӣǰҵĺӵˣҵĺأҵĶӻң
̫ʧķ裬˾þӹڣ͵鷨ԣ
ī֣¡

ٶ۵ʱ򣬷īطؿΧ
ΪǻĺǼˣʱޱȣλʩѹˣ
պҲת˹˿īطݣʩɻã
īطݵ˵ͷްλʦˣ˯˶ã
ա
˵꣬³һѪ
λǰҹīʩ˵Ҫīʩߡ
īطݺͷ֪˾ξǸɫӰ
ʶؾս֣ĵǺͲᡣ
ǸɫӰʲôˣҲԷһ֮ʾš
һҲϹķ֮һǸģԻǵأ
ĺȥűˣΪһ㲻ãҪ¡
ҶĻԼ
īطҲɫպУʦѾǸˣΪĻ𣿡
룬ûڶԷϸоʲôа֮Ϲ԰˵
ʤ

ϹʱͻƲµ󷨣ǷĻʵࡣ
ԣǸɫŵķպܸߣҲܵȥеա
պĵ̾һ˵ʱشҰ˺һͬһ


501 ˮ

صİɫȥʱһŷֽ
һƣͿˣǾửĴѶ
սѶȼպ󣬰ɫűǰ
һΣɫŽûһΣһλʮˡ
Ƽīطʱм־ȣôͳˣ
īطݵ˵ͷǰָ㡣
ЦЦռҽܣ
Ѱ󣬸˵Ҳͬ˵ˣҪɱϹǵʵҲ˴ĵ̣δǷУԲŻɿܳԳֻһҲڡ
ϹԴĽ
īطݵ˵̬ȣǶԼеһ
żֱӽɱһ̳ԡЩζҪѼĥһ
˵ţѰ̧ͷһգص˵һҹɭ֮Ρ
˼ǣҪô죿
Ϲ޽ɵƳ˽µҩ֮ʱǹõĻᡣϹƷһζҩ֮ˡ
ԣ
ɫ϶Ǳɣ
ҧѰ󣬡пû˵Ҫ϶ȥ϶ֹһ취Բԣ
īطݰսС֣Ѱǰ϶Ǹ޹Сϣϸ롣
Ѱ΢΢üȷʵһӣһáҺķѵʱҲһЩҪϹøá
ֻҪˣʲôӶԡ
𼱼׷ʣ˵˵
յҲ˼
Ѱ˦˦䣬еؿīطݣȻƾճһ澵ӣԼ˵żȻõ÷оˮ¡ֻҪ뵽棬ʱţǧࡣ
ֻʣ½һε֮ǰѡīӣõӡ
е£һʱ䶼ûӦҪҰݸ뵽ˮȥǧ˼
ԣ
һϤɤȻԺ
һ㶣ϸһЩС᣿
ţˡʱܴĿռȥܿǰѰͽܣֱֲ˵ϾǾˮ·Ǻķһ˶òʱ䷨
ˣĵҲһ˵ס
԰ݸ粻ɣ
ӱ󿴣ѰʲôСˡӦȷʵõľȻˣóһͯ״ָ̬ҪһЩʱ䣬ߣϹҲȷ
ϾƳа޵ĽѾԪˡ
ˣ˳һīطݵӣݸ磬лҪͬ˵
īطݵ˵ͷѰǸɷԼһԡ
Ȼİո˵ͬ˵һ¡
ݸ硭žҪʱһˡ
ʵǺܲģīطǾˮлʲô⡣
īطݵǿúܿͷΪͽ׬ˣȻзգҲõķˡ
̾
īطݣֻҲڰߣҪúõرԼˡ
ͷһȰݸġ
š
īطؿͷһǣҲӦ㣬úû
˾˾
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ӦǿʲôʱԲһյ㣬ʮ꣬ʮꡣѰ൱ߵġ
ݸʺܺ𣿡
ɡֲޣȻʲôʲʵĶ
ֵΪȼ㷨ǲһġϾضͣŵõԵΪεġ

ʵеΪīطݸеģĻͶīط˵ݸ磬Եġ
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յĻǾҪΪīʱ䣬𣿡
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յ˵ɫҲѿǰ˽Ϲ֪ʲô㣿
ϹԴΪ˽޵СԼ֪а֮ĶеķƣԼλϼӳֵķ͹¡
סʱ䣬ҪԼȥ룬ʲôİ취ˡ


502 ֿ

ʱǳȡ
īطݱʱķ뿪ġ
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˵գóһŷ׭ݸյŷ׭ܹһ뿪˽硣ϹȺ棬ǹڵĵ̣ҪҵС޾ʦͬӦϣ뷨ǰС͸ϹٶȴϹ
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ˡ
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ЦȻѽҶ˳ֻҪϹ棬ǾͲõıϹϡǸа޲ǱŪȻ֪˵öأ룬֣϶ܴİɣ
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һҲһǾͲһˣ㵱ϹС뿪ʱͷˡתϵˣô־ٶСīСδҲ̫˰ɣ


503 û

ŶǺ~СײڱС൱ֻ
СŤˣ죬ҾŪ㣡
Сʵˡ
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ԣյĻеòʧˡ
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ţֺٺЦһ˼˰СʹᣬҶ֪Сʱôɰѽǿְ֡ޣһǰңҶûҲˡúܴء


504 ҵ

ͷ΢һۣô뵽ͷȥˣ
ΪС㾫ɽģһֱԷһǿҵθС
ãԼǷĳúúõġ
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οΨһͬ顣
仰˵ŷȡůûѡѡ
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룬Ǿ϶˴ǣ˵
ɱ˲ɱʲôģҲҪˡ
ץˣȫǻˣѲɻҪŹԷ
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Ǳߡ
ŽҶӣΪӰֱǣں棬ָ·ĽҶӾͱ
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Ƿˣô˦˵ŵԽԽôŰҲôɽ·Ȼ׷ǵˡ
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԰ƽȺ󣬿侲˵ǻˡ
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ЩҲɱˡ
ԭƾһС޵ܵùЩ׷ɱˣǿɶϰġ
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ңке˾뿪ˣ׷ǡ
طö˶˵ôкг֣Ƶֹš
԰˵ҵأ


505 

㣿ôܣ
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Ȼ԰ȷʵִײǸޣǻȽġ
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￴Χïܵľвݴﴫӵ죬ɵͷƤ顣
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506 һƬƬ

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ߡ
һߺϹû˵ˡ
һһҲȥÿܴ·ԼܳϹȵĽ硣


507 һ

ڹɽֵؽѲߵ˱ˡ
磬ûۣɽͷ˵졣
ʱīѾ䱸ˡ
æС壬˺ѣŶ㵽һȥ
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īǰеӿһ£רѵʿĴţǹײĵӡ
ŶŶǾŮģЩǰɣ
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ҲСĺ÷رǳúÿˣŮװŮ˺ÿˣٲȻһЩСң˸ʵۡڻŮȥ𣿲Ůȥû浣ƲͶ𣿣
һ˵ţһߵͷͬԼĹ۵㣺ǹһ嵽ֻʣôʮ˵Ҫԭɣ
īˣ
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˭ǹڵĵ̣Ӧеͼɣôôҵȥ·
Ļ˵ţŮͶø˵ҡǵͼǲסŵͼȫϹûλкãֻǹͨĵӣҰɣ
ôȥأ
ɨ˷һۣϻߣֱӴȥڵĵطˣ»־ܣ
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°ͣİУǾֱɱϳȥ
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ԽԽÿУīŮӿͳ
ŮҲģвһٺ󣬹ԹԵؿڴ·ˡ
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ᲹӦǶ뿪ɡϹȾҪЩȷʵûӸҳȥֻȻûʲôչԡ
Ůʮ־ȣҲû취飬һǡ
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ӻüϷһЦǳȥϣɲ̫Ϊ죬ǾҪǹһˡ
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508 Ŷ

һ˵ļƻ
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ڰ濴˴ӵġ
ΪڵһģôҲˢӣҪץ⿿ǲеģҪʵ
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ʮֱģǼһһǹȥǹһҪֱӳɸӡ
룬ǣǲУûţȻôЮͷ׷϶ĵӻ
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ΪǺҩһЧ𣿡īʡ
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ڴ˿̣ҲֻĵǱɳȥѰˡ
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˵꣬һĵɫ䣬ٴ
ηֵָ׼ٶϡ


509 ɱ

պ󣬾ˮ֮С
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Ϊʲôīʦ֣ҵʮ꣬ʮ갡ΪʲôҪôңҺ㣡
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510 ҵ϶

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᣺ĸץһС
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𣺡жʮУǿɶǺءٿŵûٱϹϹﳸɣѵһ㶼ڰǨȥ˵


511 ж

ʹŵĹһڵöγī֭ˡ
ΣѵƾǼѾͷƬӣɱˣ
һɫǲǽҶѣ
ǽңʵ
ЦţͿԸԸΪǹڵĵӣҶһˡ
ҪԻڣƭģ
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ǺǹﻹԼģΥԼҪŵȫԹ
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ҲһԵŹһ
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ֻǣ벻͸ǣΪιѡôõط˻ԽԽأ
˵Ϊÿһʱ䣬ҪõȥϹȵϹﻻȡԽϹȣ뿪ơûЩƣһ̤Ϲȣͻᱻ˺顣
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صͷ˵Щ곤ʦֻڳȥðƷʱ򣬽һЩϹȽء
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ӵҲûзӣ˵ԽԽû취ȥεġһʲľҲͦûõġ
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ţԼֻͬ࣬ڵڣȷʵͦҡ
ʲô
ж񱨣ǲʱδ


512 Ҫ

Ϲڡ
ǵϹʮ춼ûһĹǳʧȥϵ
Ϲоʮֲˬ
ȻˬͬʱΧסԼĽƺԽԽˡ
ͱѰǸһʿҪˡ
ٵȲ˶ãͿԴƽѳȥ
ϹЦǼӿٶȡ
ȥҲҪһĺˣֱԼȥץ֮ˡ
ֻҪץһɵͿɴ󹦸ɣʱɽ֮գ
ܹطˡ
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ᡭ

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ȻǰǱϹķвͨġǵвͨһϹˡǸȲīطݻ
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һ뵽ĩһĻ棬̲ס£Ҳ˼ֿ־֮ɫ
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ᷴס֣¡ǿ취ġ㲻īطǾţһڸϻ
ϲ취
취𣿡
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͵һ飬᣺Ǻеķأأ涼й£ġӦҲһְɣǡÿϹаܳɹأ
᣺һԣ
ݺݵ˵ͷҲڵķȥ
ҪսپһҪʱ䣬ȵīطݻλã
һܣһݸ磬ǧǧҪԼʱ
պ˷ĻҲɫ䣬ԶԶƼϹͷŨĺ
Ҳûͬ˷һԲķӡ
ơȫϽˡ
ᰲȥ
ǳ˷֮⣬˲ûʲôá
պʶؿ۷
ʶʲô˼ǡУ
պе˵ͷ̺а
۾һӾоˣ
Ա߲˵ĻɫѿغǳУҾԲͬģǸϺϹ
ǿЦҪһ


513 

Ϊŭѹѹס
Χ˶Ļɫ⣬ۣʲô
ĴģǰͱʾˣԼīطһĻҲûϵܡ
ˣҲķԣպʹɫ
˼ֻɫЩԥؿᣬᵷҡ
һأҪԴΪء
ҧгݣҲӢĻᣡ򲻿ܣ
⻰е˰
ʲôŭԹһ
УӲ֪
ܿ˷ӣͷϵʱһѽӽĿռ
᣺
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Ѿ˫仰˵ˡ
Ҳʱ˺󣬾ȥպУǾʣʱ䣬ʹʹھͿʼ۰ɣ
һӵؿʩۣǴۣһΣһ£һƬܲסġ
ҲͷƤ飬ʲô취أ
ǲȻ룬ʲô취ƣ߰ѳ
գ
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ʧȥ۳˸о⣬ûرĸ롣
Ѿ˰ɣ
ﲻĩҲ뾭ڶĩֻƽƽͼǡͰݸֵȥ
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ôϻȰỹҪ£㲻ҲNֵòֵˡϽҸطʼɡˣȷʵͦ۵ģԴʦֿ׼һЩ
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ô˵Ǹоĵ׹ⲻȥ
ֵ㻻Ƕ룬ҵƬܾô˶ˣһϹȳȥ˳ȥȫµ˶֪ҵܡƥʱҲҺҵļΣ֮ءң͵ھҺҵļˣδһƽ
նˣûԥŷˡ
Լ˵ҲʮԼĿڲţֻϣȰۺпȥЩ顣
յʱ䣬Ա˵Ҳ˯͹ȥˡ
ڷ˵ÿһÿһ붼ʹ尾
׻С˰֮ʹ
һƬѾʹˣοƬ
Ӳؽι߰˴ΣذѪ죬ն̶࿴һۡǰʹǿ﷽˿ڡ
԰һֱڷߣһֱ֪С̵ܣ񿴵Ѫʹķ𣬲ܵġһֱͣظ𴵰˿ڣС̵ʲôʱܺ
ڽƬۣ۵üֻʣһʶķųɡûжʱˣˣ뼴ȥ󡣡
һͰӿռӳˡ
գΪۣռ䶼򵴵ģļû취Գðɡ
ڿһϢڴϵķʱЩ˵Ļվ˵ڣۿܻطй񾭲ôʹͲҵҩιȥ𣿡
գá
ʹҲƤϵġ
ᵱȻ֪ãֻҽڰѻйѣ
й̾һק԰ϵ˵һЩѪУ
԰ͷС̣
š
䣬ȡ԰ϵһѪι˷
Σɫûзôʹࡣ
Ҳʱ뿴šΪķ𣬰պгȥ
ʱʣ²ˣȻܰ׷ѷ˼ѲķӸգ˱·ǰ
ͬʱϹȵĽѾؿʼƳϸСĶһ˿˿ɫѾӿ˳֮ް
ĶѨ
Ϲ˫ϥǰ޴¯ţ¯ǱƷɣܹͷӿڵϣŴء

Ϲ͵۾˻ƹǰĿܹǷǣȥɣǳԹ⣬ͳͳԹ⣡
𡭡


514 

ãӵøˣ
պиһλϣͿԶĽ½ǣĺ˲伳ȡ˻ľ
ɫ䣬ӿ춯
Ǳߵ߻ֹۡ
ΪƿķΧѾкüܹܳˣҳ
߸īһֳֶڵΪỤ
˾ţ֮öһѷƣס˽磬Ľ˲޸
ղ亹˵Ȼߵԣ֮챦
᲻мһϻô࣬˵Ƭã֧Ų̫á
ɾײ˵ۣҲǽз߼һ㣬ʵϲû㾫ı巶롣
ֻٶϵۣϵ֮
ڼƽЩҲûʲôˡ
Դط͵˽磬Ѿ㱾壬ϵֻۣһ۰⣬Ҳһͬɢ
仰˵ĳ˳׵׵ͨˣᾭϲ
᲻Ը˵Ŀ࣬룬Լδؾ;ǿأ
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ݺݺǳ⣺죡㻰ࡣ
СԱ
ȻʱӹסˣܳĿܹﻹҪԸġ
ϹԸٴκҲ鷳
ֻһЩûܹĹڵǣ˸ƨ
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԰С첲СȣСĵչڴϵķ
滹аͼš
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԰ϼòУһĨϤĺӰʹ˽
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԰һֽŲϴѷŭаѰѣС̣
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԰Сڳûаη֮ɫضѰѡ
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԰ץűīֶڶġ
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ѰûϸֻĩƼ԰ϲдµġĺӡǾ仰
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ɱܸϻʱͷԵİˣһ۾ͷϵǷ顭


515 ı

Сƨֱ°ˣǸаޣ
һž;òԾɢһİΣյϢ
а޵ģ
Ƿ飬ͬɫأѰǰԣλѰʦܣ޹СȥԸϹˡ
ڣ
ŭһƾͰӸˣɫǰ֮԰׷ٷȥڣ׷ȥѾˡ
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ЦΪ֮ǰѰǰʦܻд˾٣ԽѰϵһƷңֻҪʱסö
ӹһѽ
ѰµĶѰѵıܣѰѵֹ꣬סѰѲöԭɱС
Ѱ϶飬ΪԼʦ
Ͳһˡ
аϴΰУķһ꣡
˳𲻱ʱ
ЦǺܿܰСƨȻˡ
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԰ܣԭǴϹȽģ취ʦѰѶϢ
ѣΪִ޽˿̹ȥѰϹʦֵһҲˡ
Ѱ۾ʦ֣ȥ㣡
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Ѱ̾ϢţûټѶ
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԰Ϊʲô
Ϊá
ܡúܣöȻûڶԵĵطϡ
԰۵Ļʮƶ
ѰѿһۣǲмС޶ʲôһ͵ʱ򣬾ͱʦʦּؼңԴҿʼʦûûҹڽ̵ҵġʦûԺʦ־Ψһˡʮǰʦ׷ϹطԼ󣬽ϹסͬʱҲԼΪ
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ѰԽԽޣҪ츳һ㣬Ŭһ㣬϶ͲҪȥаԼΪ
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ˣ
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ҾھǷңּʦְ
Ѱ԰һۣ㲻ǸСƨô˵һһ׵ġ
ţȻΪг̵úá
԰ͦ˽СţȰӦúúʦֵĻʦִ֪Բ򣬷Ҫ·ײͷˣҲǱġ
ѰѣСƨ˵Ҳˡ
ʵ԰дһ仰ʱѾҡˡ
ʦַѶֹļƻ³ʦʧԲټǰˡ
Ҳգþ
Ѱվ㽫԰ͻȥ
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Ȼе㵹ùǣȥ·ϣ˴ܡ
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ʦְıܸˣ
ѰòУֻܽ԰ϸϽʵȻԼͱķ˳ȥλһʹòУһѪ
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ԶԶƼ˶ϵ԰ϣԼķɳȥѰѡ
ղŶͷϵ亹ѰѲᱻ˰ɣ
ŪѰѵıܣЦߣ岻ͨˣôϻˣϽ԰Сƨ˼ģֵˡ
յ˵ͷԽ԰ϴϽ
԰ϼյҲʮֿģ͵ǸаıˣûȥϹ
յԶһ¡
᲻мЦΪҲıܣȥû취ȥˣôô棿ģԺ浱˾֮𣿡
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һθоͬԱ籱ѵʱ顣
ȻߵѰѵĸǰ͵ѰѵϣݺݵرQ˺ü£ƵѰ³˺öѪ
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᣺
ĺ֢ʲôʱָģ


516 ˣ

ۣ˶Լ֪
ֻ֪۾ʱ򣬿Сø޲һȭԴ
鲻˵ֻװġ
Цһʲôû˵˴
ҪȴԼѹͶˡ
С̣С˵Ҫóʱֻڴˡ
ʲô
ɤӸƣŵؿһѹ԰ϡ
̱ˣ
ʲôôܣ
ֻǰ۶ѣǳ
ô͸̱ˣ
ţʹҪԼ壬ɷֳ˲Դ֮⣬Ķˡ
ˡ
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û
ʲôõúܣǱСƨιҩŶá
һӽﴫ
һ㶣ŤͷһƼ˸һŵĺˡ
ɢ˺ܲõϢ
ͱˣаޣ
ҽѰѡ
а޺ܲر֣ʦֲǸ˵𣿡
Ҫ˵Ҫ϶ܣҲƵط
ѰЦҪòһ꣬ϹƽµȫҪΪ꣡
𣺡
а˵Ļͦеӡ
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ݺݵصһۣ˵˵Իڣ
аޣ԰ϣ϶һôǴסģ
԰ϺܿͰǰһ飬Ȼû˵
󣬻ˣ޲ӴȥѰѼš
԰ϰС̱𼤶С˵ҪúϢģٲҪһڴˡ
ĩˣ͵͵Сشյ˵ںһ㶼㣬Сֹһ㣬ˣͰϵҩˡ
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˵
аڣôأ
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û˵ֵǸðⶼûУﶼˣµȥ
԰ϸȥ顣
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ͷƤ飬԰˵Ұ¶ҪܣܸδС̷˵
δС̷򣿡԰Դݸ𣿡
ձ֣īطȷʵ԰ϵ֡
С̷򣬱˱֡
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𣺡⵽ʲôӵļͥϵ
԰ʮ侲Ȱ˵¶סģݸ϶֪ĺжڡ
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ڣҲûôһȹסˣѰҲҵˡ
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ѹ룬ץ˶˿ռ
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һˣǿͷҵİ񣬿϶ָ۷ģ
ὩӲԭأ㶵ؿˣ


517 

û谡ܲһֱҪǲָǳȥݸҲǣ϶üһΪұϹŪˣܻʧأ
һ˵ţ㿪Ц˼ûС
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æס԰ϣסСĶ䣬ԹصһۣСأ˵໰
԰ɪɪС̣Сᡭк𣿡

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԰ĻŵСҰˣĿɿãʣǡĹ𣿡
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Լ֣رĹߣһһģһɢź
𣡡
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ڿռжˣ˷ܵشһݸˣ
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ȻۼؿͷһĨİɫӰĵ÷󺰣ݸ磬
һĨɫӰ߼ٷ


518 Դ

𡣡
һʱ䣬͸оԼĻһϤĻ
̧ͷһȻ˴µīطݣ
ֻɫ䣬˻īرĿȴ󡭡
ͷӦˣץīطݵֱ˵ǰᣡʲôֵֹҰˣݸģҲŲ㲻ڵʱ»
īطݣʦ
Ŀ⣬Ũҵĵ⣬Ϊѹһš
ûסһ˿Ѫ㡭Ȼбˣ
ʲô
Ƽ֮İӿԼҰݸ񲻴ˡ
æͣǸвŮͬ壬ҵҰְ֣ĳ࣬ݸɲҪϹ룬Դף
ȿȡ
īطݱһ㣬죬ɤƣûСֻûʦʲôֵĶġ
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ھˮ´ʮ꣬һöˣǻڲƭ㣬ôߵΪôܿǵı壿
īطݣ
𰲸ؿڣݸҲġھˮ꣬Ҳûٶ󣬲ϣ
𣿡ٶܻغš
ȷʵԼѡԶˣīطݲ֣ѩϢ;ðȫбС˵ݸ磬͵͵㣬ҵ£ÿʱÿ̶㡣
īطһ¶һĨЦӣ˵šҲ밢㣬ʮʮ졣

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īطݶԷȥϹɱˡ
ͷҪæϹ϶öԸݸ̫ƴɡȻûʲô£æʲôӦûǿԡ
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Ѿ˳ˣ㶼ᣬϽߴȥϹ
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˿ռķСǺ˵ġ
԰ƼˣСһ䣬С̣Ƽݸˣ
ȣô֪
԰˵ģž˵Ĵĵɡ
𣺡԰ϣ꣬ΪʲôôࣿʵС̣ǲǡǲǱʲôֵĶ괩ˣ
԰С̣ƽɾҴϻۿɰġ
̾ϢҿˣԼ˰Ǹڵģһӻˮص̫ˡ
СǰݸҲȥˡ
Ұݸûϵī

ǿʶ߼ǿѹСȻСԴ룬ҲƽնĽ̵ôǵİɣԺӣԺҲҪǵС̵ĺѽ
԰ϿЦãԼˡ
Цģ˵ʵʵڽš
û취Ϊ˻ֽţ̲ס԰϶졣
԰ƳˣݸˣϹɣС̺ܵݸ磿
˵ͷȻȻ˵ݸúˣҾ˸ӳһЩ⣬Ҳûʲôһšô˧ˣĿе񣡡
ݸȥӦʲôɡС̲ģ͵͵ȥ
ҲܹȥϺȡ
ô˵ʵе
ǿסˣ԰ԭһҧҾͺһҲᡣǶһܸϹȫ磡
Ȼôһȣ͵죡
Ͳȥˣ͵͵԰˵Ҫȥ
԰룬ҸСһȥ
У̫Σˣúô
˵ѾûкɫС̱£㱧ңΣһռ
ҲǣʵҲûһ˳ȥ˳ȥְְš
԰ϾͲһˣСžͺãҴӦ죬͸˸һΣϵҲ併
аɡ
ԥ԰Ͼ뿪˿ռ䡣
߳ռ䣬Ȼû˺ɫӰɴڣȥԭдеɽ֣ѾһƬ·ް


519 ҵİ½Сأ

Ϲ˰ɣ
ס˻԰ϣ̲ס˵໰
ռ֮ǰﻹһƬɽ֣ģ̫ȫȥ
Ҳ֪պǻûС
̾ϢţϮ̫ͻȻȥǣҲˡ
԰ϵմʦӦûµġ£ڸϹȥҲ
ûˡ
֪һϹͷųӶҪӽ˿ռҲ·һ
ǻǹȥɡ
԰Ҳû顣
˺ܿ͸ϵԭȺסӣͷγһȦɫֲ
һ֪϶˻š
ææܹȥţһűˡ
һƣ֮ɫʩ
û£̫ˣ
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ҲöƬҲСͷ󣬲űס˴ҵ
ЩӾͲ֪֮ԺϮΪּƬ𣿡
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Ƿˡ
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սöƬǰװ÷ʩƬˡ
ᣬۡ
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룬նʹġ
մǾΣֵʣµƬĻȥռʩ
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ȻƬѾʧȥЧܹ黹Ķ䵽˵Ҳǲ̤ʵġ
ݸˣЩŻɢѾȥˣҲ֪״ϹûУҪȥѰһȥɣ
Ϻлкܴôģ롣
д⡣
ûоܾͷ󣬾ͺͱ԰ϵķһϹȵķˡ
ϹȵĽѾױƻˡ
ԶԶȥѾܿͷĳ浽жңܹʬ֧飬鲼أɢŨҵĶζ
԰߹ȥĵһӦ̲סŻ
ոǰӷ֮һ·һ·ȵľġ
īʩʩӦóɹˡ
һգѾо˴ϹϢ
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԰Сļ˵С̱ģһûµġҲʲô鵢˰ɣ
ʲô鵢飿飬ǸϹ𣿡
ԽԽòľġ
ӿռóҶӵ
˾ͱһѨ
ףôˣ
ȻԱ
ɫ䣬Ұݸأȥˣ

ᷭ˸ۣܲԽԽɫˡ
û¡ɡҾܿˡ
ζЦʱͷƤ飬ҡʲô£
šҲֻ֪Ǹоѡ
ЦеģԽֻĺꡣ
æ⣬ǰݸأȥˣ
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УҾšܵøңôϹİɣ
ȫˣһƨʯϣᣬ¡
˫ֻأ˵ѹûҳֵʱ򣡡
⻰͸Ӻˡ
ϹȷʵݶƶˡѺô֮꣬û˥ΪÿһʱҪȡһЩ˵أЩǲġ
ȷϹȻܶǰеͬڽʿΪˡôûпħΪҲѵôȻûе侳磬ͬȴһأΪǽް
԰϶ýζ
ţ֮Խսοյı齣ǡоǿϹǣغϹѾ֧Ųסˡ
թӳȥסʣնɽҺúõһֱӻҷˡ
ƽƽͨĹ£ûپմ̼С
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ݸȻģ
̵룬԰˵Բԣ϶أ
԰ĬĬؿǰ˵С̣ݸˣҾ⻰㻹ȥȽϺá
ԣ͵̧ͷȻ󿴵һµīطݣɫشӶѨﻺ˳
ʲô
İ½Сô˺°ҹɱ


520 Ϊ

ݸ磿
ɫôеˣ
ʶӣ˻԰ϡ
īط߹ǰͣ£ֽ԰ϱ˳ȥŤͷĻ
ݸ磬ʲô
죬ûӦͱסһͽתһ򼲳۶ȥ
ף
һæסīطݵĲӣţͨͨ
ƺܻҵӡ
Ұݸ⵽ôˣ
ռ䡣
ͷ˳ɤĪĲȻʶؾͰռˡ
ǳȥ
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ݸ磬㡭
ûѻ˵꣬ͱ˷£ѹڲƺϣƿĺףһȵص
ɴ۾š
סˣ
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һһ
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ϢԵֳԡ
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ǸоԼ춼ˣ˲ŽɿϢȵؽ§˻
ָоǶ຦»ʧȥһ
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Ŀ⿴÷е㷢飬оԼʲôõҪҴһ
۸ҿ

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⻰ҲܵòУæҡͷ˵ûе£ݸ磬ûϵģġڣⲻǺܿͺ밡
ۡ
䣬ѹϵ͵һѪȾ۵ȹ
סˣīطɫʹĿڣһԡ
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ϹȽΧҵƬҵô£ҸˡʰϹ󣬾ȥѰҪѽ͸Ѱ󡣡
Ϊʲô
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һϣо඼˺ݺסʹ÷
§ŻԹȥīطݣરવµ
Ҳá
ͷ۵ؿˡҪɿԸؿռɿȥҿûۿ
˵ŤͷͰīطݴ˿ռŽȪš
ֲϹʱ򣬾Ƽ԰ݸ̬ȶı˲١
ԭΪݸΪͷϣԸھˮʮΪ
ժ֮ʹǼƬ۰ɱȵġ
Բ𡭡ݸ磬Բ𡭡
޵òѣīطݵͷɾϵѪ˺öǡ
ȿȡ
ؿ˫ۡ
ײ˫ͫһϲɻûڣͱһקˮС
ͨһ£ˮĽ
īطݽ§ڻУʪ͸ȫܸоϴģ·¶ȡ
ݸ磬ˣ
š
īطݵͷһ޽ǣһǻȥͳ׺òã
΢΢һ㶣ܿ񣬽رסϲӦһ
ã


521 𣬺ܺ

īطڿռ죬س
ҪΪǻҪ·ؼҡ
ó޲һֱīطݵĻھˮ﷢顣
ȿȣóˣ
һӿռƼᡣ
һؿˡ
η壬һҲûīطݵ֣ǿճĽʺޣ
ǣĽʺޣҳԱ˳żְҪûУŲҷַӸһ
Ʋ죬ţҵȻšֻҪ룬մʦġ
ͻȻһãȻؿ˹
ڵòУݺݵص˷һۣīطݵûСѾͷƬӵĿһᱻ
īطŷͷһЦػһ䣺ϲİ𣬺ܺá
⻰ֱܸģС˵ؿīطݣɬգգ۾ݸ磬Ҳϲ㡣
᣺ãҵĴʲôû˵
ˣǳҪѶѰֵܡлҪ˵
˵ţ͵ȼһѶ
ѰΪһգ۵Ĺ򣬾ͳ˼˵ǰ
Ц⣬īطһīСֵܣѰĳǷĶ飬Ⱳѻˡ
īطݵǰǽҶԣôǺܴ󡣵˵ȴǻĸ
Ѱ̾һǵģΪˣپĽ𵤣ȴ̤һ¾硭ҺʦҲҪ뿪˴ˡīСֵҲ֪Ƕ̫Ҫˡ
īطػɽ磬֮·Ҳῲ
īط˵ص˵ͷסҲͬǰ밢Ҫɻ飬ǰ׼һݺ񣬵
ף
죬ô죿
ؿˣѾٶ꣡ݸҲʮˣٲףǶҪɹͷˣ
᣺˵˵
īطʧЦŷʦ˵ĵҲûˣҲһһһҲϣףǡ
ߣ
˫ֻأһΪĵӣҧ˵˿ɲ㣬㻹ǻȥδĸɣ
д⡣
īطݵǼ̳ضǡ
īһǣǣ
ץīطݵĸ첲ĲѣڿԻؼ
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ھһۣԱʧ˴롣
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Ϊ˹ƣҲ
ǲ͸ǻؾȥ£ʲôŴˡǴн󣬰Լˣ֤Ǵİ
Ȱ˵ŹһģѰ󣬡ǰǽͽеԵɣ
Ѱ˵ͷǹڵĴȷʵһаǵӦǺĳайϵżȻõȡķӡʲô˶ܽΪã֮ӵǿжȡⷴɡλû֣Ȼǵȱֲܱϵòȴܻʮ𣿡
һı˵ɫ䣬ôܣŵĴУһֱǴģ
ѰҴסλΪ֮ɡ
ôء
һĲţǱ׻һܳشվվˡ
˼״ҲûٶȰ
ϾֻҪһĻеӣҲԼصˡ
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û뵽ôõ£ȻڴӦˡ
Ҫīطס¾ֱӰеƬȥˡ
ڰϴ˼֮ͳϹȡ
ѰѰʦֵܣȷīطݴ֮󣬲뿪˽硣
԰Сѡ
Ϊˣ֪ҵʬ壬Ըš
Ϲȥʱ԰һҲվһСĹǰ㶡
ôˣ
СԴʵ
԰̾һС̣ʵҲûô
ˡ
֪Ѿ֪Լѡ֮һС̣˾һҪ𣿡
԰̧СãȻؿ
϶Ҫ֪ԼСҪδʲôӣʲôӡ޹ءνѡ֮ӣҲǱͨһˡ
𣿡
԰ϻͷƺ˼Ļ
ûˣˡ뿪ôãѵ㶼ү𣿡
԰һ񣬵˵ͷЦġи¸¡Ҷ롣
ţǾ͸Ͻȥɣ
ǣС֣һһСһЦԶīطȥ


522 ʲô

ΪѰڣҲҪٷѾ·
˲Ϣʱ䣬Ѿִ˴طǳ⡣
֪ͷرǴ㡣
Ϊ϶ĸףЩ϶ǲ跹˼ġ
ԾīһѰǰ¥Լīط԰ȥһԸ
Ը
һּææԼӵݸϣһܣһߺϲСӻˣ
̫Ѩڵһվףæ˳ȥ
Ƽ˱ڻ԰ϡ
϶
ۿˣһеײײ˹ȥӹ԰ϱס죬úÿ㣬ЩӶôˣ϶ţ
ףİɣҿɺأС̺ݸˣѻ˶ˣͰҸȻˣ
԰ȵ§СͰ͵أʲôԡ
Ҳţۺˮһʱס˷֣ʵҺ㡣
Ϊϵˮĺ󱳣Ц˵Щӿ϶ڵ°ɣҲҲãûȸǴŻ
褵ûŻ϶ãûʱ䴫֪ġ϶ĻزҲ֪ôȥлл㡣
԰ϣȥס˷
ʧЦԼˣ˵ʲôллڹɣȥţ϶úýӷϴȥȥ϶鷢ˡ
šҲȻؼȥ׵Ҳĵýٹȥ㡣
á
ûжͺīطһ뿪Ըˡ
òһضӣ϶˻ˣ޲һϾͰ϶
ԼˣЩҲû϶ţ϶˵˵ա
ߵԼҸۡһԵīطݣЦʣݸ磬Ҫͬһȥҵ𣿡
īط̧ḧգվͲȥˣ
ʲô
īطݷʣʲô
һ£һѣͷȥ֪ݸʲôʲôɣû㣡
⻰ܽˣ˵Ц˳Ťͷգ۾ݸ磬úڼġ
īطһá
ˣŷĵؽԼҴš
ղŵԶƼȥȻܵ÷ɿ죬ȥˡ
Žţͼ׵ﻹ㱧ŵܵǣһӭ
𣡡
㣡
һ
ɿ˹ȥһѱסңĸůĻ㰡
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ˣ϶
͵ȥ϶û£ҲĽҶҵ󣬸Ͻͻȥһžȡ
ǰ㷽ɺҲܸˣס֣ǴҶţǿ϶ƽģ
ţ΢ôһ㡭
ЦеģֶŪɰĵܵܡ
һȴˣҲǿǲˣôһȥϢӰûСǵӦüֶһ˺һȥš
ûҪͰݸ綼𣿡
ˣʦأ
Ŷڲ󷽱סǼʱס¥ȥˡ
˵ţֿۺ׵ƤһЦʲôءŮǺúû𣿡
̾һȰͷҺƽˣ򡭡
ȻƽȥǾͶ˵ˡ
׵֣˵һδҪ̸һ̸
ţ
Ϸ򸾶һ£ؿ
һȣԴɬ˵ҺͰݸ°հݸˡףʲôҲֻܵͷӦͺã
򸾣
λ㣺
ûע⼸˵ɫ˵ͬⲻͬ⣬ҿ϶Ҫ޶ݸˡⱲӳҲϲˡ
ĿᶨȻԣǳ
ԣȻ𾪣ƺûԽܡ
Ȼظŷӣ԰㳤ˡȻľȻ桭
ȿȡ
ˬЦīСȷʵѰѾͷ˨ģ˵ʲôˣǻʲôϽ׼׼˰ɣ
ɺЦһͬ⡣ȻѾܶ겻ݣټҲһ޶ԼáҲǰôģҲ֪֪ˡɼޡ
ŮǶô˵ˣ֪Ҳˣź̾һ¶ϸ׵ᣬޣҲü޵÷⣡Ҫīطݸ㣬𣬵
ЦģŰݸ磡
ȻǷĵţҲû뵽İݸףֳôĶ


523 Ҳ޸

ڶһ磬һȫãǰּܹܹ
ˣʵگԻ˳²ż汸شΪī飡
ʥּȫסˡ
رǷ𣬸ǵԲ۾š
ĵʺţīĸ˵
ö˶˵ôͱͻˣ
һû˵ļһ
ǰܹЦеؿŷ㶵ķ𣺡£Ǹ˺Ϳ𣿿Щлּ
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ҧҧȦ죬ͷҲ죬ֲʶʲôīҲҪҲ޸
ǰܹһ𾪡
ҷ޶ˣɫҲʮѿ
ɫҲ΢䣬ǰܹܵĪ֣Сǹ⿹ֻּȷʵûŹλīҼСѾīīִ˵īطīСӣӦġ
Ҷ֪īطݵʲôݣҲ֪ϵжá
ôһ˵Ҳջشͻأ
˭ϣǰܹԣʱЦԷǷĹּܿˡΪλīСӣձ¸ּī
ף
һ±ƣŵؿ
ǰܹЦЦʥּݸԸƣдī֮
һ𼱻ǵؾͽʥּ˹һȻƼīдŵīطݵ֣
İݸ簡
ʱϲЦտͷּлʥ
ǰܹЦе¿īµĻԴ˴λ񣬽ڹоУΪλٰ졣

ӣֵˣĶ䣬δҲ̫ˣ
Ȼ֪īطݵݲͨϾݣڻʹھлĵ
޳ϻ̳Ͽ֣ǰܹȴλؾţд㡣
ĩˣʵʹ͵ļ䶫º󣬺ܿع
վʥֵּͺϲϣû뵽ݸôһϲˣΪһͱͻˡ
գܲѽһԶûСʶûҪּҲ˱²һӶҪԲ˶ߣ
ҡҲ̫ż˰
˭¶ܵĺ÷
¶ְݸ磡ȥ
˵꣬ͱʥּҪܡ
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
Ųһ٣ûܡ
ʹǿģ˵꣬С˳ܽͨ˵īСһˡ
һе죬µ˵桢ˣ
ǰˡ¾ͽɣߣȥúû
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Ҳǣߣߵһ룬ǰ಻סҪīطݵģ֣ȥ
𣡡
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صҾȥһۣһ۾ͻ
ܻңǱѾۼ˲ˣûֱӽȥǰŴ͵
ȻƼīԵīطݡ
촩һۣ˧ˣϹŵǳЦ¡
࿴һۣҪƲסͨͨС࣬ȫûͷ̸Щʲôȥ
ΣƼīطݻתͷǷһ˫ӾߣĺȻ¶һĨἫµЦ
ģÿ桭ôܽ˲Ķ
һɲԼûˡ
ⱲӶܴīط޿ˡ
չ֣ĵһƲסȥסīطݣʧ
æתܿˡ
ɺƼЦ˵ôܻˣ˵ȥ˵ô
ûӻԼӵķˡ
¸£
յſڣ׶ͳ˳лš
һЩһƿţһ߶Ը¸˵أ
ʲôأ
Ÿƿǰ̧ͷһͶһ˫ĳī
һϣ㶵ؿīطݣ㡭㲻ǡ
īطݹһЦֽ˻յߵղƼ͵͵ˣҲ͵͵㡣
ȵģӣС˵͵͵Ҳ̫ˣͲ±˷𣿡
īطݣ¡
¸£¸£
𣺡¸·ˡ
īطݣҲˡ
䣬˳һ죬ͽŸȥ
׶컹ûüͷø¸´С
ЦòУȻһ룬㱻סСһȵǡ


524 Ҫô

󣬷īطݵĻڶˣһºİ¶ʮ
ӽ𣬷Ϸ򸾾ֹܣ͵͵ȥīطݼˡ
Դ֮Աǣһ²Ϊһ̵סġ
ɺһ͵Ц⻰˵ûš
죬׼÷͵ЩϿϵȵģͷЩרǵģ˵ΪºѷһԵ͸÷÷ȫƸȥˡ˵ó׼¡
ɺ̾ţóߴٷ𿴡
ЩûȤƲⲻںʹ𣿡
º󹬿飬һӶûУЩϹĲϷŽԺɶô̳еİɣ
˵ʲô
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ҡҡͷֻǾúеֵֹġȻݸݴҶ֪ôĿŵùʹ͵Ķ̫ҡˣ
ף
ɺ⻰治ѣ㾹Ȼ뷨
ɻʣΪʲôûУϾҪΪݸˣǰԵģö鶼Ҫ˼
ɺЦˣͷǼҰȻǳˡǵĵǲǱù˰ͰݵĻ£ЩԽҲǱġ޵¡
һ죬ʲʲôް㲻Ҫ˵ǻûˣ
ղŶ㺦ôˣɺЦŴȤ
һˣҪȥһˡ
ɺղŻ˵ȥҰݣôˣ
û˵ҪȥҰݸ簡Ҫȥ¥ǣ
У
ɺæǰ̵£㶼ͬ˵ˣжǴŮȥƼһ𣬿Ҫ˵лģܲ⻹ûףðݴñӰɣ
üôأ˵ֲǲܱŮˡ
Ҳɣģͺúôڼ°ɣ
ʲô£
ɫŵؿ㣬²ΪʲôҪԼ壿
Ǵͳ޵ʱҲԼһһļ¡
Ҳ塭Ҳ֪ҲŮġ
Ǿѧ
һµʱ䣬ѧҲ
ûϵ׼ףһ壬һԼ壬ܹ鲻ᵢ˳ɻ䡣
𣺡
ֱǷˣֱӰ廨ǰŸﶢ塭
ʲô˼
𶼿ˣȥµĹ򣬾ܿռˡ
ɺҲˣ֪ܿռˣҲΡûзɾ裬˶ӣаѷ𶢳ʱ
ѡҹӿռè
һװѸײڶٶȣܳԼԺӡ
ȻײͬںԺſڹҶơ
㡢㡭
Ҷָŷ˰죬Ҳû˵һĻ
סͣ˵İʲôŶòһĻ˵ˣ
ҶƷ˸ۣˣҹ㲻úôʲô㲻Ƕ𣿡
һòԾΣյؿô֪㶢ҵ£
ҶһһİͣҡҾ֪ȫ˶֪
һ㲻˵ǣ˵ңԼҹܳʲô£
ܸʲô¡
Ҷ붼ûش𣬵û˵꣬ͷӦԼ˵ʲôæס죬ɴ۾
ɫ䣬ָѽ֪ˣĻҵǰɣ
ȿȿȡ
ҶţԼ顣
˫ֻأʣʵʲôʱϵôˣ
ҡûУ
Ҷƺڣϵ¹㰡
ȻϿĺΡ
ûҶˣȻˣ
м飡
˷ˣΪԼδһµɣ˵İѱ
ץסҶƵĸ첲Ҵǲϲ㣡ôĻҹң
Ҷ嶶˶æ˦˵˵ʲôأ
ס̵Ķ䣬ЦҲˣ˵Һ˵˵йˣҶƣҺĴʳǣô˺ծģǼҵǽǣӿ治һ󰡣
Ҷƣ˵ûС
˵㣬İ͸ʲô
ˡ
ˣҲġֻҪңҲ׷㣬ṩô
գգۣʮֲ⡣
ҶƱϾᣬֵһϲһŮĻһûԥԽڵĿʣҪô


525 

˰֣ǸȫС⣬ߣ뿪ٺúø˵˵
ҶƵĸ첲Ҫߡ
ҶƷӦˣУҪˣ϶ˣҸһܣ֪ҺǱΪˣҪҡ
ôܣ
һۣܲ˵ôôɵͷ˵סң˵ңֻø˼𣿡
Ҷƾȣ
һļ򣺡СӣܾӸûһȥһӶΪҵˡ
Ҷһ⻰ˣô죿̽£
ص˵ͷţ뿪Ҿͽ㡣
Ҷšüԥһǵ˵ͷаɡ
һӿɽ̵ĸ첲һ߳˺Ժš
뿪˷ǿɲߺƾ衣
Ȼʱ󣬽ֵ϶ҹεɵӡ
Ҷĺף˵ΪʲôǵѡҹӰӶûУ㵽ʲô
ŷ簡
ֱ׳ػش𣺡ȻΪ
ðɣʵȷʵɵʲô
緭ǽīݸĴ
īôţǵè򣬿»ûͱһˡ
ʵ̫ߣȺҶƴӦһȥ
˲˵ãᣬֵܰһЩ
ôţҶƵӣҸҲ˵ˣ˵ǲǵðҸæ
Ҷһ㶺ҡı鿴ո˵ʲôˣ˵͸˴ˣ˾֪£ϲʲôҶÿ¹̶ȥμһʫᣬϲ˭¡
Ц˵һ飬Ǹӡ𣿣ֻҪæҾ͸һֻ֪ģСܣ
ҶϵΣҲ㾯ˣӺɵضƭң
ַģƭҾǹ
̫ˣҲɹҪɣݵģҪٸƭңīطݵĻ飬ɲˡ
һɫˣҧгݵҶƣ㹻ݰ
Ҷ̾Ǳƭˣ͸ˡе㲻Ļ
У
Ϊ˽ܼݸ磬ƴˣ
Ҳûѣ
ҷģֻҪҶٰһæҾ͸һСܣԣҺͰݸĻ˳У
ҶƵͷһ⣺⻹࣬˵ɣҰʲôæ
֣յֹһ䡣
Ҷɫ䣬ôУ˵˴ǰһ¾ҪԴڼͻ˹أ
Ʋ죬֪ΪʲôֹΪҪ˶ԶԷ㹻ڴֵҾ棬ҲڴͰݸ֮Ļ񰡣ض˵ûʲôá
ĺݸһ棬Ҷ㶮ָо𣿳ԵһղҺͰݸһʱͬûˡ
ҶƳǣĻǲţţӲͻɰ׹ˡ
ɸֵһۣصصæ㵽װﲻȸ˵ˣܣֻҺ֪Ҳģ
Сɻ飬ֲҳɻ飬治صģҲˣи¶Ҳǰ˵ˣҪǶ·֪ˡ˵вҸɵģ
ͷķģΪѣһеġ
ĩˣ̲סߴ٣Щ߰ɣʱǡīʱ䣬ʱϹȥŲױ֣
ҶƲŵؿ
һҸݸʲôϵȥīһȦͷ͸ҷ˸׳ô
ҶƳֻܱקţīķȥ
˵ֵīʱҶƴţ˺׾ǱīС
ĿȷֱīطݵԺӡ
ӰԺſڳһɲīͷˡ
ΪǷûֹ
ԶԶؾƼҶͷţԼèīطݵķͷ
书ΪԶ֮ϣʮ׿⣬м˵ĺŲһ
īȫûˣ˯
ɹ͵īطݵķȻûīһ£ϲѡ
Ȼ͵͵Խ磬ңСƿʱȴִϰӰûС
𣿡
ߵͳɳƣһ˿ײЦ⣬Ķ
һ׼תʱȱ˸סˡ
ţĺ󱳱סһȽʵţȫ˵ͷ˵ĺȣ
ҹԹڸ˯ʲô


526 һβͣ

ʲô
ֻһŻӽŵ״ڵͷֿĵһ룬ͷһͳ˿ռ
Ϊѳɹˣ˭˵Цٶ
죬һֲ֧סīطһ˲ƽȪС
ͨһ˶ˮС
ɱĺˮû÷ϵ¶ȽīطݻɿߵЦıѾãҹϴԧԡ𣿡
Ųǣ
ߵðθϣæǰߺüīط˾룬ת˴һɫµīطݡ
Ȼӿۣ޼˫ȴĳ֪Ĺ£лǣЦ⣬Ҳǰѡ
룬ž̲סҹԭˡ
ǣû𰡣
ҡҾ˵һѣݸɱ롣
ţ
īطݳؿã˵ʲô£
˵ţسȥ
һҪߵԼǰʱæֹƣͣݸվ𶯣
īطͣˣؿ
˸ָͳһŷ׭ٺЦһ£ұħݸ㿴
ţķ׭ȼһ룬ͨһȪƾճһ׳ĽɫβĴˮ档
Ȼʧ
һɲīطͫ׽ᶯ˶ɫŰڶβŮ
ŮһĨĵЦƣǲǱƼβʹöࣿҰửıάְʱأ
ʱ
īط֣޳ָⴥβƫƫۣ˿ָУͷĻȼյԽ
²̫
ɤɳƣ׵ʵʣŮ޵ϡ
ɻ󣬲ؿݸ˵ʲôһβͣʱҲÿѽ
īطЦһץסһӽ£뻳У̵ĺĶߣ壬βôÿ¾һӣҲ塣
⻰һβغ
ɫβͣžžžĴˮ棬˻һ˴ʱ顣
ʱȪݵ÷׵ķ𣬱īطݱ˳ſĻģ
īطЩۣʣﲻ
ߺίòУ˵ôôұҲңҵŰʱҾ;Լ˫Ҫϵˣʮһء
īطʧЦ˫ĽѾӣεԭҪ֧֣ԭۣЩתЩ׭ûۣЩ׭ȻҪ
ԣɥڰƬӻȥü𣿡
ˣ
ǵǡðɣôһСڡ
īطһĶͷϣеˡ
ţ
ȵؿݸڰôĽóȥ
ǡ
īطݵûðʲôͱʲô档
𣺡˵ˣҸһ
ˣ
ô˵ҲǼǵˣܸСһܵˣ
βⲻͻͷô
ܸܲݸ˵ҹīΪİɣ
δҲ̫ˣ
īطЦЦסһϣǻظۡȥ
ҿɲȥ
Ʋ죬§Ĳӿߵ㶼֪ʲô׵Ĺƨ涨һ¶档ҪҺúôڼ¡찡ǲðұȻ̲סӳˡ
˭ӳģ
Ҷư
죬ӦʱѾˣһ˫Ĵ۾޹ؿˡ
īطɫһôֵָһˣ
ȿȡʵҲֺţƭġҪݸ㣡
֪
īط̾һͬһǵġ
ݸģҶģһٸҶϣԲҾϲһͷֻ㣡㲻óĴףһ㶼ֵã
æģؿڲ˲䰲
īطݣʵұȽϵһ𣬴ɱӱ
ԼϱǺõģҲûӽ͡
ǿǸɡ
Ȼ뷽īط˴ڿռҲͬ
ҶƶԺ磬˺ü磬̲סˣ˯ڷϵīһֵܣûۣһ£
ī


527 Ҳ

΢΢ʱĲ鲻Ըشīطݵ߳
ȻͶ˶һԺȦѬױҶƴԹؿĻʱܲעһʱſڵһҹһҹ
ȿȣ
βѣļ򣬡ҵĴˡϵģ
īġϻ˵ϽһطȥﶼҪ嵽īˣ
ҹ͵ܻȥ״ˣʧɫ
ҶƷۣ𣿲֪ҹ·϶īĺ𣿡
һԵīͣţȷʵⲢѲ¡
𣺡ȷʵôһ¡
īطݵЦһȥ
У
ͷҡø˹һҪһȥͲҺҶƻȥˡ㻹Ǻúţȹ͵͵㡣
һԵҶĻֵصɴӣ컹Ҫ
źߣģҲٴˣʱݸҿţ
˵⻰ʱնȵá
Ȼ˴òУһҲûʲôԽΪ
֪Ϊʲô˵ʱǻôһܸ߳С
Ҷһ˫ֻתˡ
״Ҳݺݱһīطݺ˳ȥһܻһۣݸһҪҿŰ
īط֮ɫӦá
㣬׷Ҷƣһţô죬Сܲˣ
ҶϽ˵ҪǸƭһ֣ȥҾͰѽ¸㶶ȥ
ǿɱ𣡡
װһ£ɪɪӣҶҲˡ
ȻҪԭǣûīѷвˡ
īطݵĶôһˣҪ׷
֪ҶƵĸ̣һţ˵ԼǸСܡ
Ҷʮ־ȣ㾹Ȼ¡
꣡
סֶͣ˵ۣܲܳԼ֪ضﲻҪñ֪ˣôӢ۾Ļ᣿
Ҷ⻰ʮеõص˵ͷ˵Ķԣ
¶һӿɽҲı߱ߵѨˡԼӺúáɣ
δ䣬ԶԶģͳſڴԼ㣬һЦеģˣ
ҪǱˡ
׼Ƕһ˫
һ亹קҶƹոֽ
ҶƼ״мЦһ֪ˣܳǽͷȥʱô±㷢֣
˵ҶƣҪҳȥң͸˵ͼı죬Ϊ˴̽СܣͰҴӸֺң
Ҷƣ
˹Ȼ̫ˡ
һģѹ治ֻƻС꾫
ƻС꾫˵ϱܻ֮
ܿ׷Ҷȥ˶ֵļˡ
Ҷιһϵӣɪɪÿһǻ˯Թȣ
һ⽣ܳԽȥ
֮Ҳķˣȥ¥˿ͷ˯
ҶƵڴϣежظ̾С꾫ʵҲûôᡣ
ֻǣ⻰˵꣬ſʾ¥µģǰסǼλأرǳÿλϽģȥ
ҶһŸжģɲǼƬ̾Ȼ̫ˡ
һ룬Ǳͷ˯

һ߶Сһھ¥εҵڵϵȿͷ
ҲֱŽȥˡ
һȥŵˣɵˣСžһ£˵ϣҵعȦĽűߡ
ȡᰡʡϣ
ڴϽŵˣһҲͣ˶
ɫһ䣬̧žĿϣһѽ˸˳ȥҧгݵ
߿ŭЦԼĿڵᣬҲġŮⱲҾֻ϶һˣ
ԹȺڷ𣺡оᵽʲô˵ζ
һЦһ˵ˣ֮䲻ܡȰǾͱֱϴļˣ
⻰ϵЦȻʧɫᣬϴʮεļ䣬Ҳ㡣
üͷһšʤ̧־Ҫʩ
ɴ䣬ֱӷһԾ¡
ԹȺڷֱˣһ£¥
Ȼ͸ûһһɲǣӰʧˡ
æܹȥһƼ˸ڼӣͽһƬɫ½ǡ
ˣò
᲻мͣ㵱ɵӣƤȳǽ񣬸ղһǹװƶѣø˭Ƶãְǰǰˣ˧𣿡
һ£ҡҡͷԴʶʼҴ󲿷ǿŮװģֻĩʱżװΡ
ǻΪŮӣΪ˷չ㣬Ҳšţʲô
û˵꣬Ƽ첽ȻצһץٴһȻʲôûа
᣺
óۣȻ㱾ϻŮģֻǡбԵ츳ѡ
˳ǣĵҲǷǳɱһգ


528 ֳ

ʮӺһСİư«Ƶ߳˷䡣
ǡùѰһ䣬̣ƼѾͷҹ͵͵ܳȥڶûƼӰҲȥīˣ˵ûƼˡ
Цһ«˷ô
ţ
һ£ͷ£ŷǰư«װˮˮζһĴָСĽ㡭
⡢ǣ
ţûܳˣҴסʱ㣬ӣĶҲȥˣȥú׼ްɡÿֻһʱܱΡֱɻǰһգһȥ
Ļúϲ£°ͣ˴Ĵָߣ
ƤЦⲻЦȥúŰɣʲôèˣҿɾ;Ȳˡ
ף
ͷ
һӶ÷û취סⰮܵѾͷ
ڿɺãҲܲˣ
鲻ؾͽ«˼ͷ
ˣʹ˸Ƿ˯ˡ
ڱɽ㼱ں«ȥķʾʮֺڣ
û뵽ôСۣǿЦ
δһ£Ҫڵˣ
𣺴˳𲻱ǾӣᣬҵŰ
һº󡪡
ڱ˷ſڴ˯þˡ
û뵽˯ûʱһȺֺѾ߳˽ְ˽ŵذ˯Ժ۾Ӵ
ϣҵĹﰡĴӣô˯أѿѣҪȥ
һСһߴɤ߶š
ŵһ飬͵۾ȻƼһӵˣɡʲô
ѾǼ״Цһš
ָţţϽѼ»ϣٹʱӭ׶Ҫˣ
˵꣬·㶼ûƼͷı𣿡

һ˴룬һ˫۾Բǰѡ
ʵûӣֻɴŪš
֪˶ãһױһ߷С׵ͷ˯ʱ򣬷Ѿֽһˡ
׺㣬㻳ﻹŸԱ籡
ԱƼһױķɸˣӣ̣̣ӡ
С֪̽Ӱ
ЦòУԱ籵СӣСѾͷЦҪȥקͷϵĺɫ
ҵЩЦڶμ޹Ůû뵽ĹŮ۾ϲӹ˷ᣬͷһţһ߶ˣɲڼͷôˡ
ܵģ
æһ䣺ģݸ˵ˣīҰסһ𣬱˸ۡۡҲֻ˼ң˵ˣǶҲǴ֡
㡭
ԭŮ˸Уȫôһ仰ɢˡ
ҿЦãһֱѵҲ̫ˡǰ̫ˣҵúúѵѵ
ⲻͦõ𣿡
һ߶Ա籣һ˵Ҳõ˻۸˰𡭡
أǳ˰ݣû˽סǼҰˣɺЦ
ѽǿɾָŰסСħˣʮͬõĻ
˵һСߵͨ죬֬Ҫÿ
ѵǿ˵ˣʱ쵽ˣѺͷĹϣҪˣ
ô죿⻹û˵仰أˣλֳ󣿡ʡ
ӭZ
褵˵ӽ͸ֳˡ
⡢ôУ
ҾȣӭZĻ̫ܣ
褼ͣӭZ˵ˣͰǧ϶ȻǲʲôұҲ˰ھɻھͻ
⡢ҲϹذ
һͦĵġ
褰ûʲô˵ġݵݣҲʼסҲгͻ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôˣ̾ϢҲգȻǷˣҲö˵ʲô
īطΪӭZԺλλΣԸعʼףԼΪīˣ»ʵּҲֻ
ڳ֪Ҳ˷ڶ󶼲֪īطݵʵݡ
ͷ¡
һױķͱǲһȥ
Һͷҽöںߡ
ſڴӭZ׼ˣϲѷϡ
˳ƮĺͷƼӭZĲӭZЦ⣬ѹС𣬵ң־϶ǼǷӡܷʲô飬Һ㶼Ụ㡣
ԣһ죬Ǽɬ۾е㲻غˣǽ򡭡Ŷ磬ҲˣԺˣҲһֱҴãҾþ֮ˣ
ӭZЦģġ
ΪЦĵԼԼ˻Ρ
PS:ڱֳƺ⣬Ҳ̫⡣ΪԼ뵱ʵۣԸԼݡ仰˵ӭZе˺ص~Ҳùھᱲֵ⣬ӭZͻʼҲ˾ˡīǱߣż~


529 

īطݵĻʮֵʢ
ӭ׵ĶͼױĶ飬ӷŵīſڡ
Χ۵İҲԽԽֵ࣬˼ˣҵˣ;ϲǮϲǣ»ϲûͣ
Ѱڽ¥ԶԶľܿʺϲӭ׶顣
üѰ㲻ҪôõĻᣬͣ
ѰЦԭֲͣͬᣬԻɡ
ҵֻ͸֣ǿһѡ
Ļһ£˸ָ
ӭ׽ӵɲǼ쵭ɫľȻ
ṴǣҵĻʸ־壬һ͸СѾͷ
һΣҲҪ뿪˽磿
šΪˣô۰ļˣ˸ô๫ʲôɵĵģ
˸Ƿȥȸϲưգ֣ɲʲôʱܴյġ
Ѱ˵ͷҲǡ
īͣ¡
ӻʱͿصĵɫľȻıһģһĺЬҲûˡ
ʦ͸ǵףɡ
īطͳɤ
ӣţģ˭ôı£ʱôһľȻꣿ
īطʣһľȻ˵ҲǳѾ˶һӣڷĸԱߡ
лл㰡ݸ硣
ȻƲİݸ磬ĵİţůȥ
īطʧЦС£±»Ҹȥ
£̧ͷƼλϵģֵʱƫƫȥһҪذīλøˣīүλ
ԼյԣӲԼ˷ˣȻһЦذš
ҲΪĴ飬뷢ƢҲţûߡ
īطݴŷʱѾһã׼
ݽ˾ͱͽ˶
ò׵ȵͷһ˭Ӷˣ÷մӴĺˡ
˺ƣӣһͨͺˣҲǣŵȵϲѾǰѹ԰ϺԱһ𱧳·
Ϊ߹ˣ̹غԼҰݸϽԵ㷹ӣ˭īطݻҪȥдǡ
һ±ƣдºͽǶͷ
ⲻһ
īطݰԣҺܿͻ
ðɡ
Լ˿ӣ˵ȥʱ򣬺Ǹ͵㷹˽ԶԶŵͷĲˣ͡ǸѼӣԣ
á
īطݳЦЦС뿪·
һͳѾ߶ؿѼӽˡ
͸ںͷεʱʲôѼϳԳ˿ɲá
׼¿ӣôһ˵춼ˣǰɣ㣬Ҷˣ㻹Ҫѽҿɸ˵ҰݸīҲӣɶͳɶǶҵģ
ҪˣǺȰ㣬һ鳢ζˡͷԣ÷ܲ㡣
аɡ
Σ˼鿾Ѽ󣬲ط¿ӣʣˣôʱǰͷæͰɣ
褵бЩҲҺҹҪ̲㣬Ѱ˼·ϣ˵Ҫ㡣
᣿أ
⡣
һſڴһŮ
Ƽ˱ŮᣬһɫȹƵؿ粽˽
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