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1 ŹѪ	

ˣҲǹģ㲻ҪˡҲãҪްʲôʮ磬ǵݲˡ

㲻Ҫ˵Сԣӣһܲ

ҶݲƬ̣˲عɫûʲôµĻȻطϢˡ

ʲôҽõȹӾô£

ҶҶݲ֪ڸĵģû

ҪΪװµӣܷ͵͵õķȹŪ飡۾ûϹ

ԣȹŪġ

Ҷʮƽֱӳˣ֣ҲŮ꣬ʹŮ˽ƿûпǹҵĸܣ

Ҿﲻˬôˣ

㣡ҶֱӳˣҶ󷴵޻˵

ˣǸŮ侲侲һȰܣȴ޲⸸Ů˴źãðҶָϳҶҡ

ŮӲܳҶվȽŸֻҪҶڣŮ޺ͶξͲڡ

ӷҶģȴֻܸն

˵鶡پͶҶѾͷ޵սҶҼţپ͸Ҷ󴵹ͷ磬Ҷͬġ

ҶϣӵڶûܸҶҲҶҡ

ԽǺžԽҪ棬ȻֳԭԭŮ͸׵ĿҶҪҲҶүѹš

ôһҵƿͱˡ

ҪѾͷ½ҳٺ޲Ū

Ҷˣʮ꣬Ҷԭ½ѩ˲űҶӻҶңһŮһӣŮֻҶС£ӽʮꡣ

⣬ҶŮӵݽҶҵġҲǶٵĽᡣ

ݣطȥְֻͷϣ

ϣپһ۰ŮĴĸ

֪ҶѾͷǸͷĸ˼ô˵͵Ҷ

ֻҪҶݿڲԣҶ϶Ů˵ĸȻҲԽԽ˭֪ҶݾȻֻǵĮĿһۣĬתֱ¥ȥˡ

סˣһʱ֮䲻ҶѾͷڸʲô

㿴ʲôӣˣ

˺ˣ󣬺ӻС̣żѪѹߣǧҪ

Ϸ˼ʮˣߴþˣʱԼһĺüĸ

ְҶһٲŽŮݣ޽գȴҶѾͷˣﲻ𣿲ܵġ

ֻô꣬ɹλҶҴţܹܲΪС¾Ͳ˰ɡ

úúõİοŮŮȻСǹҲǧСӣܵί

úúõİοοŮ˵úóѳѣΪŮϾίģĸŮ˻ܳûҶõһЩô



Ҷݽݣһܣüͷ΢塣

Ҷݣǳ½ڻڣڻҵǧ꣬ȵʺϵɽӰˣ磬в֪ʲô⣬ٴ۾Ȼ͵еǵĵطΪġҶݡ

ҶΪڵڣǳǿ壬ԭԪȻǿˡ

Ҷӵȫļ͸顣

ַɣڱʾԼҲΡ

⵽ϵͳڰ󶨡ϵͳ󶨳ɹ

ϲϮϵͳϵͳ۷塣

ҶݳĬʱ򣬺ȻһȥЩ죬ڵüͷ̲ס

ʲôղһ⣬ҶݾͷֳԪȻʮǿ֮⣬һ纣ΪʧһɶڵҲˡ

ԪȻڵ֮Уȴ޹⣬һ˿

ԣⲻĻԪô֮ǰжǴģԼ壬Ԫǿж˱˵ģ

ȻԼ塣ϵͳҶݵС˵

ҶأֵǣԺҶҵĴС㣬ҲҶݵʮСм䡣

ûжᡰҶݡôļ䣿

ٺ٣ҶϱΪŮ䣬İ˺ŮŰŰģϵͳ֮ϵͳѡΪϮߡԸԼȫ͸㡣

ڣҪ˵ļ䡣

ԭϮͻˡ

ҶһӾˡ

ҲǷ𣿡

ϵͳԣƺЩ㣬֮ͻ֪ˡ

ʱ𣿡

βϮɹ

ҶݵķһӲһϻνϵͳϵͳ֮Ȼû˵ǼȻܰԼӷͨȻΪ֮ϡ

ȻˣĿǰȫ޵״̬ȻûʲôأԹԵȰ˽˵
2 ͨ鱦	

ϵͳҶݵķӦƺϰΪôȥˣû͸˵ԸҲ̫ûˡ

ȿȣԭԹǿƽϢԭԹɡûʱơ

ȥ磿Ҷĵľ⡣

ϵͳԣ֮ԭأȥ磿Ǹݣ

ҶܾνϵͳЩ죬

վھǰǰŮһߣľƯԭòơֻʴྶͥ

Ҳ˵òƣǾԲȫһġ

ҵģָܻ𣿡Ҷݿɲһֱű˵òǲ

Ȼ

Ҷܾһ˵Щ飬ɺ֮жȻһףײҶԭòüĿ£ʴޣˡ

ҲȡҶݡߣҶݡֻһ壬һ߶

һָֻһ壬Ҳˡ

ҶԪˣûʾ˵ˡ

ûʿѲҪˣǧ̬꣬е

ûã廹ġֻϵͳûɡҶݡģҲΪ

һ˲䣬ҶݺȻһ뵽ʲôɫͱøӹˡ

ͨ鱦˵ʵ

Ҷݵ߱䣬ʮǿ

ϵͳʱήˡ

ȿȣˣ˼ҾǸ㿪Ц

ҶգĵȻˣڴߣɫ˵ɣô£

ͨ鱦ҶеõһܿԣܹʶġԳϷֻǲ䵽½硣

컨׹ʵûʲôá

ҶԴӵõ֮֮һֱžΪ˽ơʱҲмּʶġһҶݲϡ

ͨ鱦ɲԼˣֻҪľ˵һ顣

ԭҶݷʱȷ⣬ûз磬ȴƫ·ߵ½磬λǳ½ͬһεġ

ֻǲ֪ʲô鵼ɴжҪϾˡ

ͨ鱦﹵ͨ˵ǵһ£֪һʿԾö鶤ס˵صŻʮϡ

˼ͨ鱦æҵǾö鶤ҽȥΪرһָͻԴ˹Ҷݷ硣

ͨ鱦ֻᴵţƣ¶ɲûϵҶݿ԰

ͨ鱦Ҷǧ꣬Ȼ֪Ůжţơ

ҶݶԵǶᱻų⡣ͨ鱦һ£;ҶŪݡ

ⲻԭҶùΪԭ֮Ůͱѡˡ

ԭҶݵȷùܺããúãҲһ˧Ǯרһɷ򣬻һԶŮҸһ

ƫƫȴһ֮Ůʼˣһɷ򣬵һС

ҶΪ֮ŮˣԹء

ͨ鱦ԣͳõѡϽʱһᰮС˵ͨ鱦һ뵽ϵͳȻٰϵͳѡҶݡˣҶݡ͹ԹԵİԼļ乱׳ˡ

Լˣȴû뵽ʶˡʲôţ˻ˡ

ǶҶݶԣȻԼı̰ӦԭҶҪϮҲһ˼ҵݣȻҪ˼ҵԸ

ǾϮɡȻҵǵľö鶤ָͿƨˡ



һӾ泩ˣطһûУڵķҲʧˣھΥĸоһ˿롣

ɴȥ˯һ

ЩװޣԭҶݾ;ôպˡֲġ

һ磬ҶݾˣҶҵĴ˼ȦܷǳãȻûˣܸټǧȦ⡣Ͼ廹Լġ

ҶܳΪڵĻڿɲǻƿ

ǳ½ʿ඼Ƿޣͨ鱦˵Ϸʿ඼Ƿ˫޵ģҶݲһ޹λļ¡

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һڵ׼緹ҶһնʱЩΡ

ҶһûСҲûҶݡ

ʮִȰĸҶӡ

ݣôôͳȥˣΪ㻹˯أû㡣ĩƽʱѧϰ࣬ô˯һ

⻰ǹģʵǸҶڿӡҶݲԭϵֻǵͷٲʮʧϷҲҪȫס

óɩҶһꡣҶҵʮַḻӣκţ̡

ǼİɩԼģɾӪҲʮַḻ

ɩշǳãӺƤڶ࣬ɫƣˬڶ壬Ҳĥġκţ̿Ŷʮʡ
3 Ϯ	

֮⻹ʵˮҶ˼ԭԵġ

ҶݱޣΪʿٹȶ֮꣬Զ˶вͽˡûһ˿ƺҲѹˡ

ԲԻҲ÷ԭ衣ҶݺȻԼϮͦġ

ԭǸС㣬ĸ½ѩỹŵʱʵҲġҲɰ¡

½ѩȥ֮ҶʹŶٺͶ޶ν˽ţʱҶѾʮˣе͡

Ϊ׸ԼһĸײŵʮġȴѱŮ˴˼ҡ

Ȼ֪ԼһֱΪĸĸʵѾͬΡпܶ޺ͶζġԭܲĴӴ˾ͱ̣޲ðѶĸ

̫ˣĵֻҶԽöĸ˶¹ɡ

ҶС塱ǳǿ

ų϶ҪˡҪ飬Ǳ˵ǲӡŲǲģսȨŮҲһǳɺޡ

Ҷ޺ͶҲģֻԲ˳ֻʱ⣬綼Ҫϵġûһֱձ˵ա

ôһԭԽԣԭԽʧŮ˵ĹϵҲ˱㡣

ֲֻҶһ֡

ķڣͺðˡֻϧʵҶݶϮϮĸЩģ

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޿ҶһۣæͷԼ̲ס¶Թ޵Ŀ⡣˵ˣãҲҶݣ˭Ҷ½ҵŮְԭĺأ

ܲڶʲôˣʲôԭ䲻ԭģһǰְֵŮҶҵĺӣҶʸûУҶȴΪΪ

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ԹҶݣñֳҶݺõģְֲŻĻΡ

Ժүү֪͵ܵܶǰְֵӵʱľҲġ

ȵʱҲҶΪҶĶС㡣

Ҫ͡˺ܴԼ侲

ߣα

ǶȡҶ˵𣿡Ҷݲʵͨ鱦ҡҡͷǣԭͬĸãҲһŮ䣬ϱĸŮûٸҶݣȿȣҲԭڿء

ͨ鱦֮м˷ܡ

ԭҪϮʲôһҪ𣿡

ͨ鱦Ƭ̣ȥʣ

˵ţһûзһһ˵ԭ˵Ҫĸ˵Ŀδڣ㡭

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ڲҪ˺мŮøСˣԿۡ

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ҶݳĬˣͨ鱦ǷǳģʵǺܼ򵥵ģҸδõģδڡںԼԼͺˣ

ʵҾԭֻǾԼίǺܳҰʲ𣡡

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ҶݣˣҶԺɿӹӰѣ֪ҲгˣʲôҶûʿҪʲôˣ

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¶õ˺үӺ½үӵϿɡҶүȻ͸ûˡ

ԭȷ˺Ǻֻԭá

Ͱлҵлޱԭڻҵˡ

лޱǸȥԭ˵ˡлޱǷǳؼ

ֹлޱһ𣬲úֲܸһ𣬻ҸȺǿˡ

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ͨ鱦ʮֵΣȻ֪ԼǸа׳ˣʲô취йΪϵһϰǸδֺĿƣ

һñڰ˵ء

֮һ仰ھԲ۸

Ҷݣ˵öԣô۸أܵġ
4 ֱ׳	

ΪҶݵļ룬ԭӦһڵ緹ʱüĬ졣

ҶûûΣνĸȴʮֲڡ

ԭɷһԼתѧŵ˹ѧУȥѧУҲҶĿǰͶѧУ

ͨ˶ԣʲôѧУҪҲûôѡ񣬵ǶǮ˼ҵĺӶԣʲôѧУȴǳҪ͹ϵδȦ

ŵ˹ѧУͶĻǾеĹӵܣСЩӵܽӴǳǵȦӡ

ȦӴĳ̶ֳȶҲζ̶ܴҲӰ캢Ժǰ̡

ĺҪϴȥС֮ӡҵġƿıǩ͵ôӸϸץ

ҲһǳмصŮˡ֪ЩΪԼĺı

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ǰҶΪĸӴһԷ

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ԭһӽšɼֶ൱

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ٲҶƻԼĺ£ٲҪҶڿӡ

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ҶȻŭٳûװȰҶȰߡС̵һţƭĺܡ

û뵽Ҷݵĵ˵ͷɩãôűҪһ㣿

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ʶŵҶҶȴѵõûз𣬡һ˾͸иһ˵ӣƽʱһ˳ԵȻζһ㶡Ĵβóɩ׼õģ

˵Ҷԭһ鶼ûȻܡϾǵһŮҶҶҲʮֳ谮ġ

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ŮһģҲġ

ˣ㲻ǸؼҵŮϵͰԼ档

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Ů棬Ǻãʮ꣬ԭͬꡣСͲԸмֵֶ˼

޽֮Ҳ֪ôľ͸һȥˡһûöѹԭҲԭ֮һ

ҶվԹߵĽǶȿȴЩ˼

棬ҵţ

СǹֱӾͰѶĸŮ˸ˡ

ɡֻܸЦ˵

ȭͷԽίˡ

磬Ҳˣ

ԭеˣٿվȺоǺȺټϼڣ˵СǶٿ۾Ҳ

ٱ˵ȻԺС뷨ˣҲǡ͡ˣֿʼŮδˡ

ʮͬŮͺġ

СѾͷȻҲҶһֻ߰׽ǺؼҵŮиôĸ磬ĸӸûʲôͻС߰һᡣ

Ů⡰δСӡùϵ϶ڽؼҡ

˵ͷʮʿ

ӲͷƤùġһ뵽ҶһЩͷ

Ҷݴ꣬СֻÿƫƫлԼ޲õĶ˵СѾͷġ

ѾˣҶѾ¥ˡ

棬ҹߣȥë㲻ǸӨӨ˵ɱҸƬײ𣿽Ǿʹսٻغϣ

һüð˭˭Сʢˡ

Ҷһץס֣Ƶģһ£Щ߳ŭҶץʮ̫ˣѲ

ֻñô֡ԭŵ񾭾ôСѹûۿһۡ

Ҳ֪ôģʶľ͸˹ȥ

ҶҵıܴǮסĶǺլԺ治һë򳡻һС͵ĸ߶򳡡

Ҷݽ촩һ˶С̿㣬Tһ˫ְֱںǰΰΰġ

Ҷݾط˷˶ͦ˼ģȻЩǶͨ˶ȷһĶ

Ķֱ֣Ӿͱ۳˹ϵȹյϡ

ҶëɣǾǴõôƴ˵Ҵȹӣƽ

˫ֲݺݵӽŵھһֱҶݴѹûޣȫͲһ

Ҷ˺ˣæ˵㣬ô洩ȹأյĶܣ

ҶԴûףһǻȻһ㣬Ҳǣ¥Ҹһ˶ûģǼ򡣡

СһëҶݻûƵģѾˣҶݿνķڷ

Ҷ֮ԾúС˼Ϊ˴СԸͲΪҶݣΪ˴ССԺҲԴƯƵġ

ĸ׺ҶݵĸǹѣǲͬʱģͱҶСһ¡

СʱֻҪһͻ˵½̼ҵݶҲСĺʤġ

ԭҶݵçײ£˵ĹϵҲŶ޵ԽԽӡ

ҶݿСȫԼӪġôܰװױ˶أ

棺еȫһȻҶݣ

ˣҽ첻ˣȥԾɡСһףϾܾĳɼȻʮֲһʹҲΪ˸Ҷݾ
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ҶŤͷ˺һۣʱ𣿡

Ҷģ΢΢Щ񣬿Ϊ˶ĹϵССŰ͸ʮֽϲûԵĺ⣬һ˫۾գգͣĳղЩϰˡ

УС

̫ˣһ˿ɲҪޱӣ

ߣſޱأ

һʱˡ

վһȫ岻죬ίĲҪ޳ˣҪǣĿʼնҶϣû

֪ҶлԼҶԵԵĴСôϺش磿ãòڣҲǿǺϼŵĽӰˡ

˵٣ǶԼҲͶˡͣߣǰӴЩ֮оûһȵϺġ

ԭѧУܸŵ˹ȣҲһмʶŮˣȻԼϲõѧУֻǸŵ˹ǲһء

޵ֻϧҶϵˣȺͺһžءһŹˡ

޳һŸáۡһͿˣԶˮţ̹֭ҶݵķŽգɫҲˡ

޿޿ޣ֪ޣûõĶ

ȳŮ

裬ңҶҹ⣡

޸ίˡ

㲻ʲôã

ŵһӾͲҿˡȻЩСĻǸٱͲԶˡٺһֱӰѹ̵ݸŮͽȥ͹𣿡

æһᣬЦҲǼǿĺܡ

ԹĶҶݵķţ΢΢ü˼һϣҲûҶѾͷô¡

СѾͷȷһЩ

ֻӻǰǸԵӣҲ֪˭ʲôﰵҶŮ˶ٰһʮСѾͷôܺȻͿˣ

϶Ǳиָ㡣취ŪŪʲôڱָ֮취

δֻҪ½ڣҶݾͿ޿֣½ǸȻǸ˾ˣһͣҲĺܡ

ͬǸ磬ĸôôأ˱ˣ޷Ҷֻ֣ܴҶõôˡֻǻҶףǶġ

Ů˻ģĲֵǮĳ۽͵λԼĺҲԼһϣԼĺվߴΪˡ

ҶϼŵĹɷкܴһ½ѩˣתƵҶ

ҲûʲôвŮ˼룬Ҳ˵ŮĲƲҲᱻҶݷһ

ܸģܳɹҶҶݵĹϵԺҶǲֹɷݾֻˡ

ٺ٣ˣôɿɰѶĸŮ˸ͨ鱦ǳĴЦ

ҲżЦ⣬Ҳڣ

ԭǰԵӣôɺܷ裬˵ƷˬܸˬҪʲôˣ

ͨ鱦˲俨ǣĵĿһۺĬĬĸһ

Ϊ֪ĵͨ鱦ȻѾԼ˼ֺġ

ֻϧ˿ĸ̥ǧĻƽʥʿ

ʵǳ½ʿݵλʯȹ£ֻϧǲϣ˭Ҫ׷;˼Ҫ˼ᡭ

˭׷˭׷úƫƫλʵرǿʵĲҶκ˼ƾеһ򲻹һ̫

ĸ̥ǧ겻ǿЦġ

ͨ鱦Ŀ˺һۣ¶һĨȰġЦ꣬·ܳǧҪݵҼ˵ţп¡һholdסġ

ԭҶݵüĺƣ͵ģ΢΢һüɷģ۾·̲Сǡ

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޵ˣǻϡ޹üͷЦҶݣ԰õ̳СŮˣҶ

ҶݵЦЦСģҪжԡɺƫƫСģǳĿɰͷͷոסˣ漴ڵƲ۾

ԼԭģȻ֪Ҷݲϲޣ˭ôϲһСŵļã

֪ǲͬĸأȫǶ˳ҶʾСҲֶΣû̫Ļ

ֻҶͦȤģëúðǰ˵úĻӡҲô˼ˡ
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ֲĸҶгֻһֱˡҶֳ̡

Ƕ룬ҶݣȥԺ־һŮ˽ţơͬĸĵܵãҲġ

ޣ˵ʲôأһ꣡

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޴СҲǱٽģ˵ܵܳǼ걻֮⣬СҲǱСģʲôʱ˶˹͹ˮ

ҪǸҶ˲ˮˣҶʲô

Ȼ⻹Ƕ͵ŮģɿǸģԽԽ

Ҳȣ

ҶݹϾܾ

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ٷǳסؼǹͣŮ˿϶ҪԳúд˵ʲôҪȥˢڸС

һҶݲŹţһ۶ˮ֭ţ̣ȻԶ˵˵ˮ㵹ˮ

㶣æ۾һתȥˮˣհˮݸҶݣҶݾͰǱˮֱӺˣһݸ˺档

ŶĸŮڵʮֲЦˡ

Ҷ˵ʲô𣿡

ûʶľ˵ֱӴˣЦЦݣǶͬˣҲãʶ

Ҷ´˶һۣȻЦˣð

޵ɫȴ˼ĵĴ˺һۣŶվһߣټҶݺͺԾ۾మѧϰѧѧ

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Ҷݻû˵ʲô̲סüͷҶݱģɲǸ޸εġ

ֱӾܾԵûòʲôû˵ɫЩÿҪҶҲûܾ

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ҶԾƽһʮǶ

ԶõĶǿհ׵ľӣһЩ顣

ǺúѧϰҲˡ

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Ҷԭļ䣬ټٶȿ죬ѧûʲôѹԭҶݳɼȷܺãƫƣ仰˵Ҳȷһ֮Ů

毺õòųɼʮ㣬ƫƫԸ񵥴ԣױǣűߡ

ҸʲôдǵģдģȻҸ㣬úдɣûд겻

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޺ۿһԲһۺ棬ֿһۺ˺ȻûΪ˵˼ֻίί¡

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ҶݺܿͰԼԾˣȻ˶ߣʮֲӵֱָ˶޵Ĵʮ⣬ߵ

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ޱͲټϺͺ濴أ޲ҸضȥҲһĺǿˡ

ֻҶڸҵֲ۸߿඼ûطȥ

Ծû꣬ˣԼݣ˴졣Ͽš

ҶҲСŮ¥Էú֣䡣

ֹһҶݣСһ棬ò˵ķǳˮƽҶп

ٹȶ꣬ҶݵһξóԶͦõģΪû˷Ҳûȡ㹻幩ܣԿʳﳬʳ

ȥȥץ㿾ųԣζһ

ͨ鱦񣺡ڵԻ·Ȼͬ졣

о仰˵ԵıӾĮӡ仰ûģټҶݲûԼԵ𾢶޵ȴ֪θɷ򿪿ڡ

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۾׵ĸƵģһ磬ٵԼŮԼۣҲˡ

ˣԣ͸ְ˵תŵ˹ѧУȥ㵽ú飬ʲôǿ

˼ŮһپһζŮҲǸ¶ҶѾͷǿĸӵġ

̧ͷһ˫׵ĸһ۾Ҫˣ𣿰ְֻ᲻ҲҶݣ
9 ׳־	

Щ꣬ĻͲһ㣬費ãûкúüල㡣СʹҶݲȥ֮ͺúø顣óɼְֿˡ

޵ɫһЩֻҪһںشǰô޾ȭͷ

Ļǲһ㣬ǲΪѧУҶƺҵɣˡ

ͺûҪҶҲȫûǵ˼˵ȻúƤ÷

磬ҶҶеĹˣûǸĸı顣СλҲװı¡

ƲƲ죬۾ȴ˵СûôҶݣϾ˭ҲϲԼĸǵԼĺӡ

Ҳ⡣

ÿɷֻ΢΢üͷС˫ְֳ׵ǰһ죬

۾ǹ⣬Լ׽ŪĸĸŮʱĽȻǰŰԵģǺЩȴ̲ס

ӦɫЩȻĽ˽

ι磬û˵˵ǵһⶼûУΪʲôĽҶݲһ

Ҳǣ㶼ҡ

ǵⳬˣǸ߶ݣҶݿ߲ܿε飬ļǶԵġ

ŶƵľ𴽣˵ЩǽҶݲۡ䡱ֳʤҶݵȷǿһЩ

ҲֻǿһѡȻȥȥ쿨´ԼҶݴһſ£

Сһ׳־Ͱѽ쵽ҶĿĸһɶ

ǶԼģǱǴԺֵģ˵׾ǹҶҿҶݵֵġ

û뵽һ춼Ҷݡ˽ࡱ

ɫ˼֣ûԼҵɵá

һҶҪȥѧˣһλʮŮڱֵʮֵ

˵ѧУɺˣУϻˮУݣͨ鱦һС˵⻰ʱС˵Ŀȥɰˡ

ҶݲһףΪֻһûضܽǸСѾͷһʮһò꣬Ǹүүôá

ֻҶΪ˲ܿ

С˵˰ɡУ𣿡

ҶŤͷһۣͨ鱦ʱһ

ûԭҶݳţòҲúáŵ˹УǺȻеġֻԴӶٽźӱý࣬ѧУҲûʲôĵѡ

صҲΪԸ񵥴ױ˵ǹʹƽʱһЩ׸һԳԷеģҪĻûС

ż˵ǹʹȻֱԲеϺ֮ģԼûʲôо

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Űɣǲ۸ġǹʹڵġ

Ҷݸմ򿪳žͿ˶޺ͶĽܶںϣüͷ΢΢塣

㣬Һ͵ܵܶȥŵ˹΢΢ЩĿҶһۣ˵ɣ㲻ͬ⣬Һ͵ܻܵǽŵ˹

Ŷ

Ҷݶⶡҽȥ黹һûСһϵûС

˵ĺŵ˹ܱȵùһڵġ

޼Ҷɫ޲Щʧ۾΢΢еף˺ü׵ģȥԽˡ

Ҷǰ棬ûȥ·ҶֱӾȥ˹˾һȥŵ˹Сİѧ

һ¾ͷˣôżӰתѧСǸûʲô̫Ӱ죬޿ɾͲˡ

ŵ˹ǹѧУֻҪ㹻ǮϣǮĺͼǮѧϰֺãûǮѧϰõЩѧУĵλǲһġ

ȻЩҳԼĺ⵽ӣЩѧҳãԼҺӶԺܹƽ˭ǼҺԼŬأ

Ҫ˵һ㣬ǶǮ˼ҵĺӣҲһЩʵڲǶϣⶼ顣Լ飬ҪҼҺӶ飬ǾͲС

Щҳ֮еҲȨơ

ԣŵ˹ְͳͱ

Ҷݵĳɼʮ㣬ŵ˹߶һࡣ

Ҳȥһֻ࣬ϧѧſٷֻ֣ٷֲֵʮࡣ

ŵ˹ѧУ˴ѧ֮⣬׶԰ȫеģϾ׬Ǯ˵Ǯһ㶼Եģѧ¥ԼʩҲġ

ÿһ춼ʮ࣬ÿʮˣһǶǳɼõģʣµ䡣

һûǮѧ飬ɼ죬֣ҪȻӵİ༶ȥ¿ɼǰéֵǰȥ

ΪҶҲ㹫ƽ

һ仰Ǯŵ˹ȷȨȨҲ޵ġѧУҲÿѧУšӱֺˣҳҲӡ
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ǰ඼ǺѧǺѧҲԣ˵Ҹڼ˭ССӣ˵ȻҲûɻ䡣

رԭһŭӣЩ˾ͷϲ

Ҷˣ

Ҳ֪˭һʱһ˲

Ҷ߽ң˵˵ǸСƿҲŵ˹㷴껹ǽѧУûá

ڣ

ͨ鱦һͦģ˲˲Ҷ̰

ǰŮ֪ԭľǼĸԼӡǵ

Ҷϴŵ˹УѧУУŮֱһ羰

رҶݵر𳤣ͻÿһ˫ְֱſɫСƤЬ⡱ߵŮߡ

ȥơ

ӨӨֻ֪Сϲ̨Ĳżñ˺ãҶҶԭģҸ߶˴ϵΣƿĶѧʲôϵ

ܱҳɼ𣿡

ҿ㻹ǹĹԼɣǸСȻڻ࣬˵´¿ɼܵǰˡ

ҶӨӨ۾Це˵

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Ҷ˵꣬ûӨӨֱӻԼλӨӨɫҰס

һҶһ˶ûֵȻġ

ҶݵͬһӽСŮһĺڿ۾Ҷݹˣ΢΢

üŮļҾֻͨѧϰɼرãǱнģҶһֱСӡ

ҶݵļҶСĵҶݺõˡȻֺҲֻԶԡ

ϾԭҶݵԸܵˡ̫еһըһͷ

֮УҶСüΣΪ͵͵İŪˣǱҶСĵ棬Ͳ׵ָҶСꡣ

ҶСίȴûԭɼǸĵˡ

ֻΪԭӣҲҸԭϾԭҶСͥͨһŭλС㣬ɳе

ҵѧαĶȥˣ

ڵ̬ȱֵĸԭ࣬ҶСһæԼһ£ɫʱৡһס

ҶҶݣǡ

ɥһɴҲˣҶҲ

ӲͷƤ۾ֻҶ˭֪Ҷ飬ž˺һϡ

ԭ㿴ֵһסˡ

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Ҷݳ൱Ư͸ˣԭӨӨָʾ׽ŪҶݵ̲סһڿˮ

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վҶҪһЩôƯСƻأôһЩ顣

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˵ؽܣ۸һŮ˼ҸӨӨˣǶŮģôҲҳ𣿡

Ҷݵ̬൱ţһžµС΢΢̧ţһȵڿ棬˫ֲȥʻĲУ

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ֻǴҶʮߣͣΪϲĹɵƵһЩѪͦбƸġ

ǲ֪ΪʲôؽҶݵ񣬺Ȼ֮Լͦѷġ

˭ǼСأҪؽܵڸҶݵǸ˵ڣҪӵģ

ҪôҵǸҪôҵɾٸҵǸ

ʱһЦ

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ҪȻǴһܣԺСܡô

Ů΢΢ͷ˳ŨܵĽëһӰҶݵı÷ǳÿͦƯҲµĲˡ

һŰԵӣᣬһ֡ͷͷ

ͨ鱦񾪴ˣô֪㻹ıأûڸһ޸֮ʮС

ǰģ־һ666ҶݵɧֱӾͰؽܸŪˡ

˺һŷӦðҶݣǾʹһܣҪô죿

ؽЦˣЦûͦзȵġ
11 ֻ	

ȫûԼ⣬ǿֵڴ

Ͼĸ޸֮һ˸ô죿ܵ÷δȻؽܴСѧֵ

ǰѾǿֵڴˣ˵ȥҲǿԴġ˵ֻҶƯСһҶҪؽܵ˲ͷˡ

ʮߣŮǲµͣһܣ۾ؽܣ㲻ȭڵ𣿱ʱҶݴſ¡

ǣҪǱҶݴſˣǿɾͶˣ



ؽܵһ£߳жҶһСѾͷǿǸŰģؽЩԾ

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ãؽܺĴӦˡҶݴ΢΢˹ԸСʲôͨ鱦ĬĬΪСĬ

Сӣ㻹̫ᣡ

ؽȫȻûʶԼѾȫͬѧԼǰҶݵŪ˲Ҽ޻ҶС顣

ԺСܣҲǲҪӵǸСһѱģΪ΢΢̧ͷ¶һذĲӣȥƯˡ

վһߵҶСʱһ㶣ƺû뵽ҶݻԼ˵֪ΪʲôȻЩ벻ǰԼӡ

ۿҲЩġ

ҶСļͥȷһ㣬ĸѧʦļͥͨ˶ԻСͥѧȫǺųŵ˹ѾƵǺˡ

ҲΪĸʦԵʣҶССֳ˷һ츳С󣬸Ŀ϶ǲֹģŵòС

ҶСЩƫƣѧ

ͨѧҲǷǳǿģͱ˵ﻯſΣܷٷֵ£ܿپʮ֣ǵѧһſξֻܿһʮ֣ʧʮ֡

ҲԶԡ

ѧ˵һʮҲǸ߷ˡ

ԵȫƶʮǿҶߣ˭֪ҲһֱĿġ

ҶСĵƢãҶƽʱˣƢҲáҶСʵƢһ㣬ʵ˻ġϾûüĲưϳŵ˹

ŵ˹ֹѧУһѧ֮ìܣһļͥ΢һЩֲռҪùˡ

ҶСһֱؽܡݡΪҶݵĿαÿζҵ

ҶȻɴδҳʦ״

ҲáҶСʶľС˵

ʲôã

Ҷݻعͷʮ㣬ҶСŵò˵ˡ

Ҷ̧ͷؽܣߣ̫СˣǳȥȻģҪȻ°ӵϹˣһҪҽҩѡ

ؽܱҶһģЦˡ

ðȥȭҡ

ŵ˹ηǳḻʣΣȭλԱȽϳëȡ

ԺǶԣεĿڶ壬ҪǵĶжרҵֻҪܴﵽĿľС

ҶûʹӦˣŵ˹ȭλǺרҵģһ棬ǱصˤҲۡ

ƺƵһȺ˾ȥȭҡ

޽˽ҵĵһʱŬߵͬùϵͬȻȤһӡ

޾ίɴѶźþ߳˽ңմ¥¿ͿҶݴһȺ˴ӽȥˡ

һȺ˿ȥƺƵģҶǰرۣʵҶ߲ߣһ壬Ƚϱ׼ģſɫСƤЬǰرƣһͷڵͷڼͷһһƮŸ

޶ʼɵĿһۡ

ǰһҶݰɣǸʲôȥأ

˭֪أһڿξΣ

˵һζģһȷЩɣǿһҶһ˵һ༶Ҳ֪˭ֻ˵

ҶݳúÿѧԣѧУ汾ͱȽĿƢҲǳġ

ʱһԶԶǰ棬ĸһˣȫȥȺܣǾһ˸ȫ൥

Ҷţư

޵۾ȴԽԽһֱ֪Ҷݵĳɼܺãְ֪ѧУأ

ڶ޵֪棬ǰԭѧѧУкѧУǿ϶ᱻʦҳģʱʦͼҳ˫һ

޾Լܰһˡ

ߣȥʮѧܶ־ѧϰǮ߿òμӾͿֱѧˣʲôں

ֿ˭˰


12 Ǿ	

ţͬѧܳȥȥˡ

ŵ˹ĹѧУѧ߶ÿ춼ǸĸǼĹܼһר˾͡

һ㲻ֳٵϵѧУʱ䶼硣

Ҷ´ؽһۣСӸͷ̫ߣžͱһ㣬ĿһңĿŵͦ׳ʵģƽʱûٶ

ҶʶľԼʵ߸ؽܱȽϡ

Ҷݱһ߶˵Ҷݡģֻһ壬Ȼһ߶

ؽܱҶ´һôɢȥ

򰡣ӨӨߵŮ

ʲô£ֲǴġ

ӨӨɫ̫ãʶ˵ŮƲƲ죬ؽܺôҲΪӨӨͷΪӨӨҶݲ˳һֱΪӨӨؽͼʲô

ܲǿҶ˰ɣ

ҶȻƯΪ̵ͣԸ񵥴ڰûʲôĵѡҶǸһһըĴС㣬˭źŰ

һ˷ǳϲҶݡŮӨӨһۣΪӨӨҲҶݡ

£ŮǾҶеˡ

ؽܾ㲻ȭڴҲһʵҶݾҲֻһŮ߾ͱؽܰһء

˵ŮһȲֻû˵ҶȭҲû˵ʲôȭŹټŮʱȻơ

ҶvsؽܣѹûʲôھͬѧҶ䶨ˡ

ҵôͬѧԼսҶˣԺͱŵ˹ˣѼˡ

ȻǶֻʮߣĺӣ͵ĺҲҪӵ͡Ҷ

ۿԳƵԴͷӨӨ㶼ںǾأ

ŮĬĬţĿȴһ̶û뿪̨ϵˡ۵˷ܵĹâ

ò˵ÿһ˶ǳڴⳡϣҶϮҲ뿴Ҷݵùġ

ؽڻ˵һʼӦҶݵֻǱҶݵﹴ˼ֺʤģôǱѼϼˣǲȶˡ

ˣǲڸ߱ؽҶһСѾͷ

ƫƫҶѾͷһŵģѲɻսʤԼİգ

ܵģؽͷܡ

ȭô꣬˵ҶƯСˣ׳ûĻһʱ֮Ҳû취

Ҷôܣ

ʵСﳤ̫Ưˣȥһµޣģһŵı飬ȥ͸һ͵Ƶġ

ɷϵҶݵòȷǵġ

ؽܶЩġˣһСѾͷɡ

ǴطƺҲʿ

ؽܵͺһ£Ҳ˵ҶӮʤ֮䣿ؽԼԼҶúõ档

ҶݵƤܰףŵ˹У»ƯĸӶȹȹӵĳֻϥǣϥ¾ǰϸ۵һ˫ȡ

˫ȳÿÿĸ첲Ҫϸأ

ˣѼϼˣ϶䡣Ӳÿؽ˼ȥܾѾͷʲôıһ

ҶݣŮУ֮ڰҴڵأҾ䡣ôҲռˣ

ؽҲҪӰôǰΧۣȻİҶݴ̫ңҲֱ˰ɣ

ҪȻԺظȥôأ

˼ȥôһеİ취

ðҶüҲãһСӷ˲ý

ѾֳˣȺ˻ȻЩ˷ܣʶľóԼֻ׼һĻ¼ȥԸְָ״

ΰְֲúõĽѵҶһ١һҪһڶ

Ҷݼͣ

ʱȻһŮǶĺ棬˵İ໨һİ໨˭ں˵˵

棬ôҶݼͰ㲻ǲϲҶ𣿡

ԱһŮʵ

ʲôʱ˵ҲϲҶˡٶҲǷǳģǸŮһĿɿڴ˵˲ϲҶݵġ

޺ȻҲˣ촽ɫѿˡ

ؽܼҶݴӦˣһǾͿʼɣսپ

⣡Ҷ˷ܵĴ˴֡

ͨ鱦񣺡Ŀؽϣʾֵͬ顣꣬ôһ֪ԼսһʲôĴڣţƤ㹻㴵һˣ

ؽʶľͰڳ˷ƣһ޸֮Ůó̫ݣԵΪһ̫С۸һŮˡ

˭֪һιؽܻûӦֻѪӿֱ۰һֻϸץסݺݵ˦˳ȥأ

ȭҶʱһƬ֮С
13 	

ˣԺСˣ

Ҷŵ˵

ͨ鱦񣺡Լ***ô죿ƤƤϺ

ؽֱܵӾͺˣôû뵽ԼȻᱻҶһо̵վվվҶݾͶǰһֻѹϡ

һ˫ƯĴ۾Ķô

ؽܵǺˣֺֺ죬ֺֺڣд࣬͸ףֱ͸ȾƵġǵôͬѧֱҶһСѾͷ飿

ֱӲǲǸӶ߳Ӻ˲ϳϣؽͿӨӨתߵˣġ

㣬ҷˣ

ܺãɣӵǸ

˵Ҳ֣Ҷһ֣ܶˣղűҶһְֻţ͸ʩ˶Ƶģһ¶ݳޡаˡ

ؽҲСҶˡ

Ҷݣţư̫ˣ

һ˫ƯĴ۾ֱӷˣҶݸղһо̵ֱؽܵʵ̫˧ˣֱˢۣ

Բ𣡡

㣬Ӷ䲻ʹҶÿüͷҶСԣһСʱǺˡԭҶݵļҶСĶȷʹ

ΪÿûƵġ

ʵϲǶ䲻ʹֻ֪ԼҲûãԸɴͼװûֻû뵽ҶݾȻΪĶ䲻á

һʱ֮䣬ҶСΣԭҶȻ˵ﶼ֪һһˣһֱˡ

ôһ룬ҶСʱͳΡ

ҶݿԭһŤСҪõ׵İ͹עѾûĸףԼĸ׵ĸ黹Ǻģø׿ĸͼ̵õĿԼϲδڡ

ȻǾͺúˣίǲίġǧ꣬ûûķί

ͨ鱦񣺡˵ĺеҾȻԶԡ

Բ𣡡

ҲˣؽܾԺһʱ䣬ҪβˣȻһСѾͷһǱһɱ

ؽҲǻȥˣҲһĴɷ򣬲˻䲻ɣ

ڰӵĸԣȻȴϺӶ

ûûϵҶСŵˣһ˫ȴǺģϾ͸ǦһҶһ¡

ôû뵽ȻղֻҶݸ˴ܵһĻҶһоͰؽƷˣĻѹûп㣬ֱ͸Цһ

Ƶȥְָ״Ҳûʲô˵ʵĵҶǱһĻǱؽܵſ¡

ҪҶݻȹӡ

ʵȫƵҶݻͦġ޶ʼɵҪˡĻ滹ĵ˺ܶŮŽСҶ硱

޲ģǿ˿ʱ䣬ֻĬĬ뿪ˡһЩѧ뿪Ҷվм䣬ȥ¡

Ƕʲô֣𣿡

Ҷһۣ˵ѧ㶣ʱһɢҶ䣡

Ҷ䣡һʼᣬǺҲźһʱкܶ˸һˡ

Ҷݳ֮죬֮жԺܼ򵥣пȴôһ¡ֶֿ׼ֻһְֻѶԷѹڵϣվվСѾͷӡ

Ҷݣǰô֪㻹һ֣ţưͼǰ

Ҷ΢΢̧ͷ°΢پ£ȥܷƫƫҫ۵Ĳ񻰡

͵ĺڶǿߵĳ֮Сиָ뷨˭Ϸ䡣ܹ۷ˣҲôŲġ

˵ǸؽܻȭڴҲˡ

Ҷݰ˰֣С˼С˼

ؽѾˣҶݺģǱµѧУ԰̳档

ʱУ԰̳漤Ȼ󲨡

˵ؽ²ǹİɣôƯС˭᣿϶ݵһϷ֪˱ؽϲӨӨӨӨƺҶһֱìܡ

ؽܡһŭΪաҶݵ鷳ⲻҶץ˸š

ʱ棬ӨӨһǷ˰һؽſ档

Ϊʲô̳˵ϲңӨӨҶݣȻҲҶݵע

ҶݳͷͲˣ˭֪̳泶ؽϲԼ顣

ӨӨֲϹؽϲȻֻ֪ϲؽܣһֱӶԡǶơ

ǰԼװԼ֪ؽɵԼҲ˵ڱôָô˶ˣ˵Ǹ˶ˣװ֪Ǻܼ٣

ӨӨһҳҶݷҪܡ
14 	

ؽܶ򲻹Ҷݣ͸˵ˡӨӨﻹһɡ

ؽܲһֱԼţ˵ԼʲôȭڴôҶݶ򲻹ǲǹҶݵģ

ӨӨϲؽܣؽİҶݣӨӨԾζšѡͺԼʲôһ

ؽܱͱһӵĻֱϲŮʣֱӾͱˣҾϲôˣ

ôһɵƣҲϲҰ׽ŪҶݸʲôϣ˵㣿

ӨӨֱɵˣһ˲䷢ףȫ֪Ӧ˵ʲôΧͬѧ˹ӨӨʶԼ嶯ˡ

ңҲ֪ǣһֱѰ

ͣҶݲ֪ʲôʱˣ仰̲סЦһʵҲ֪ԼЦʲôǾͦȤġ

ӨӨµľǱҶЦתߣҶݣЦʲô

Ҷ߹ʮǿ󣬡Ц㰡Ȼϲؽܣ͸˵֪ôʲô𣿡

ʲô

ӨӨʶľͷʡ

ʵҶҲ̫˼һʥƯĻ𣿿ͨ鱦˵ӨӨ־ͽҶݾͦ˼ˡ

ͬѧǶʱһЦӨӨˡ

СܣҸ˵˲Ҫˣ˵ҪǶ顣

ͬѧٴκôЦԾͬ˶ԣʮߣҪȷǶ顣ŵ˹Ĵѧһ

ǺŽԿ׳վñͬ˸ߣǲѧҲνеǮһӲܶ汲ĲƸԹԼ

Ҷ˵Ҳûν΢е̵˼ҶԼĺӵܲѧ

ԵʵѧУģ㲻Ƕ⣬Ҳüĸĸ

ҪǼﻷ򵥵ǻ˵Ըһģ㲻Ŭʱпܱ֪ðġܵá˷ͷ

νҡ

ͼüͷһ˵ϲһ˲Ҹףˡϲ㻹㣬Ůʲôֵϲġ

ؼҵү̥úܹ𣿡



ͬѧٴκôЦҶݣǰ;̵ͣû뵽㲻̵ͣǵը찡иµ˹Ҷ˵

ǱģҶ̧̧°ͣһĵ⣬Ȼ㶼ΪܡǸ۾һӾˡ

Ҷݻҫ۰

Ҷݣ㡣ʱ򣬲֪˭һҶȥͿһͦӰĿ˵ԼϢһӾͳˡ

ӨӨһߣ˵ңԼһ㲻ǲϲ𣿿㻹ǵ

˭˵Ҳϲţ

ҶݻӨӨһۣȥӨӨһĲţʮֲġ

֮ԿҶݰٰ㲻˳ۣΪš

ŵ˹񻰣úããвŻɼãֱŮˣ˿ºͣʲô˶Цʮᡣ

ǶҶȴⲻͬӨӨϲ˾šԿҶȻͲ˳ˡ

ֻϧҶݴСӨӨҧҧ͸˹ȥ

Ÿ磬ôˣ

ԭʶųҶϵ֮⣬һԭҶݵı½ͥŵıǺûѡΪϵҶݺҲʶˡ

ŵ۾ģǿ̳ǸƵģҶҪһ꣬Ҳŵ˹ҵģAһ

㡣ôǻˣ

ģ̲סϸͷҶһӵɴ۾͸ܾèƵġ

۵׵Цˡ

ҲûǻҶƲƲ˵

źԭĹϵʵܼ򵥣Ŷԭƺһر㺡

ֻǲͬӨӨ֪ؽϲԼȴװɵԭֵçײԸֵͣĲ֪ϲԼ

ֻŵɸ

Ҷԭ̲סͨ鱦ԭҸδǿģвУ

ͨ鱦˼Ƭ̣ŻѧѾںϼϰˣеȻ㣬һʱ֮仹ǸϲϺġ

Ҷݵ˵ͷ

ôһ룬ҶҲЪ˼ˡȥ׷ˣҲǲġ

á

ҿ̳ϵƵѾͷ첻㶼ҸԼˡźЦ˵

Ҷݶһۣһ˭ңɫΪСèء

ˣŸ磬û𣿡

ŵЦ˼֣ղڽ棬С˵˭˵Ҳϲšرá

ţûΣԹ㡣
15 ʶ˲	

ǶƵĵĲ̣ǰĵʮŵȻ֪ҶûԿ

˿ºͺͣһ޺ӣǵԼҡǷֵĺġ

ͺñȣҶԼˣôҶݺ˵ʱ̬ǽȻͬġֻҪҶûҶݸ˭ܣ˭˿ں

ţ

ӨӨ챻Ҷݴ̼ĲᣬҶݲ˵ԼϲҪŶҶǲϲ֪ҶϲԼ޽ٵĸҶ

ӨӨҲǻȥˣҶݲ˵ǰԼҲ

ŤͷӨӨһۣӨӨʵҲСɵĸӣ٣ȥӨӨţ۵ֳԡ

ţǲϲҶݣղҶݸ˵Ҳϲ㡣

ӨӨȷǻȥˣҪǰͲҶݺžô׵ģҪͱ㴰ֽء

ڣܲίҶϲţͲҪô׵ģעŵģ˭֪ŶҶݺͶŮͬ

ϲõÿ»ѧУҶ𣿻Ҷݱ۸ˣǱ׷ˣ

뵽ӨӨ̲סʼɡ

ӨӨ˵ҶݴС͸лԼ˵ҲǺҶݵĸ½ѩ֮ԼǺ˭˵׼

Ҷݾǽ̤

ûпҶݣǶӨӨһۣӨӨĿ⿴Щ顣

λͬѧãҶϲϲңҸ顣ллҶݡ

ӨӨֱӾͱŻˡ

ԣܴҶ˵ʲôޱżֿĸ˵ţҪǵ¡ŵֲܣ

ζţŵӨӨҶȫûȵġ

ӨӨ˺̲סˡ

ҶǲС֮ˣӨӨư㶼ԭ϶˵ʲô

Ÿ磬ӨӨͦϲģǸԣǰҵɼаɡ̫Ƿա

˵ţµһС΢΢̲סЦˣѽӨӨĻŵĿⲻɰ˼֡

ݲʮ꣬żȵ

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˵͵С˼䣬Իʱпܸı⣬Ͳǰʱ˭֪ϲϲ

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ڡˡǰŻžԵĵġ

Ҳϲģһ˵ģҪپ㡣

ллŸ硣

Ҷˬ˵Ư۾·ǹ⣬СԴůġ

ĩٵ㣬ȽȥϿΰɡ

á

Ҷûаֱӻ˻֣תˣ񻽿εıӰεҡҡͷ۵׵׶˼꣬СѾͷʲôʱܿأ

˭֪һĻþͱ޸ʮһ棬ȥ׻ǲģþͿҶݺһ߸ߵ˵

ҶݵԴһӾ͸˼ѪƵģһĻ

ʵͨ˼ҵĺӶԣһǳص飬ǶԺӵܶԣֻҪ飬ҳǻͬͬĺӱ˴˽Ӵġ

ϾԺҲôһЩˣܲһĨڡе˽ҲǺõġ

Ƕ޲֪Сסһ˵ϵѧУҲǸѧУܱȡ

ĸŮ˵۽磬Ӵһ㣬Ȼеơڶ޴СܵĽһǳص飬һӰѧϰҪҳġ

һЩƫļҳпܻһЩƫԴԼĺӡ

֮һٶġ

Ҷݵùˣ޾رˡ

ŰɣһҪðְ֪ǺúӣҶһӣ

ǸӲ濴ȥǳĿָߣһУݼģ۵ײֶʼɡ

ţ

ߵŮһһ֮ǰ䵭ĵǲǣ

һ£˭ŮɫʱӼֱ˱ģŶ֪ȻǸС

˵ܳΧȥˡޱСҰסȭͷҶݵͷϡ

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ҶһνӣϲҶݣֲǱڡϮѾͷԼӦ

ͨ鱦룬Ǿ˵е

룬ôһкϲԭҶݵҲֻ̫Լʶ˲ɡ˵Խɡ

Ҷʵжమ͵С֪ʲôģ
16 ɼ	

ٵĸ飬Ŀ죬ȥҲ죬ܶʱסġȻųһЩסġ

ֻͺĻԼȥĸ׺ͺĸһģԭҶݶԣǷ

˵ҲȷһˡڶصĹͬ£ҶݶԺҲԽԽִš

ûлޱĽ룬ҶݺͺƽĹһӣ֮и飬ǰĳɷֲ࣬κ顣

Դ˶ԣⶫݳƷãûҲν

ԭҶݵУһĸţҶһϲĺ֮⣬涼ʮ˳ĵġ

㶡ĸôϲ⣬Ҷ½ңɷţʲôġҶĶһֶ١

лޱ˺ճˣ˺Ŀ⣬ֱƻԭ켣

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Ҷݱʮ㣬ƯãɼҲã˵û⣬еѡ񣬲һҪںϵ

лޱѺߣԶĲ˵žһѡ񣬳˧ãԭһ

˵vsδؾͻ䣬˵׻ҶԼ벻һ˵ҶݾҲĺʶ󣿲ܰɡ

ͨ鱦񣺡ˣ˼Ѿȫͱڸƫˡ

һ¿ΣʹӶˣҶݣˣ㲻˵ΪҸ粻𣿡

һЩˡѾЩϿҶˣ˵Ҷָżˡ

ָоͺͷϱһɫǳޡñƵġʶԼ˵ʲôʱЩ顣

֮ǰܷҶݺ͸һġҶȱ۵Ѿͷ磿

ܹҶݣô£

ɱ룬һûͬɩأ

Ҷ̧һۣʲôû밡

ģһȻȻ˿ֲã˵ӨӨٻؼȥأ˺ü٣ҶԹȻᱻ

㣡

˵ˣ

šҶݳˣûʲôܳϵģô˶ˡ濴ӣɸˡ֮ǰǸ˵Ժ󶼲𣿡

Ҷ̧̧ӿǰǰڡ

ʱˣȻһϲҶˣϲĻǸ簡Ҷô˵Ǹδһ͵½̶ģҶô

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棬ְ˵ұģʵҲûʱ˵Цһֱͦģ粻һֱҵ𣿡

һ£Ҷݶµһ仰˵

ǰȷô˵ϲأҶȻƯȱ۶Ųϲ

ʸԺ᲻Ҷݽ飬ʱô˵ģ˼ú飬Ҫ˼룬Ҫܴ˵顣

Ժ˫ĳ˼ȢҶݣûУͲȢҶݡ

ļͥһ㺢޷ܵһӦҲҪ

Ҳɼһ㣬Ϳ͸ˡҶͻСʱҲûа˼ⲻͦõ

һԺĶģҷɵŮҲȡ˵Ҷݲɡ

ֻǾĿǰΪֹ޵ʳҶС֡ҶݵÿϾҶҲȷһ

Сء

ǺܾԼĸίҲǺ֮ǰҶݲ˳۵Ҫԭ֮һ

˵ʮҶ޹ء

ҲǵҶݵ趨ģ˫ֻȱһʽĶʽ˫ҳôɡǺҶ䲻Լĸ硣

ҶԿ˳ˣȴֶĴ治

ҲܣɩӣͱҪҸ硣

Ҷüûκɩӵ뷨

ͨ鱦񣺡㴿̫ࡣ󲻵Ҷݶκ˲Ůģǧ꣬ƢΪ˽⡣

棬ǲ

Ҷݰؽһ̵ֱģʱһڿˮһȥҸ˵

Сһֱתˡ



ȻȥɣԼȥѧҶݶԼ˾˵޺ͶĽλˡ

ǣС㡭˾Щġ

ˣ߰ɡҶԭżֲͷ˵
17 ޸״	

˾ֲֻա

˾ϳºͳİɩһԷޣҶѾܶˣλСƢʮ˽ġ

ȴǳˣҶݲڼңͿҰְָ״ˣҶݻְֿ϶

ͲҶؼңҹ޲źá

ˣʲô

ոյһţǺġ

ͨ鱦񣺡

㿴ⲻ𣿡

ȻӺˣǰѧУӺ棬ΪҶڣһ㾡Ҷݳֵĳϡ˵ҶͻСѾͷĥ˵ֶλ治١

ֻҶͻ̫СһֱֻÿѾͷȴһİԼδ

Ȼ˵ûǡ

˭֪þȻ˵Ҷݸֵʮܣ

֪ôģҶҶǸɷģһԥѾŵ˹ſڡ

潿ĸ״

磬ܹҶݣô˵½̸㶨µδޣҿۿеġ

ţüͷ̸֣ƺЩ죬ҵģ

ǰҲʲ֪һʾܶ˵ŶҶһֱͦһġ

֣СҼҵҪǶ飬ô޹ؽҪʲô

ʱˣô޹ؽҪˣҶݺĻ趨ģԺɩӣôͲܹˣ

ĻЦˣ㲻˵㲻Ҷɩ𣿡

ɫЩڣ磬ǲ֪ҶݽѧУǸһ£ǰһǸſˣ

һ˵۾˲ɫһڡҾҶݿҲôӲδζһҲɡĻɩҲͦá

Щ飬ҲԽԽһ˵һ̲ס͵͵ԼҴ硣

ģ۾һΪҶݡ

ιҶݣ

⿴ȥСﴩУͤͤͬǴŵ˹УȴĺÿС·̧ͷͦصģһֻСȸ

ŵ˹ȹӳʵ̣Ҷȹ˫Ĵȴ˵ģ˴ܣȹӡĿ͸ˡ

ϳ

֮дżֲɡȻӸҶݣ˼ǰ˭֪Ҷ޶ԡ

磬·ʲô𣿡





أôûһ

ڼˣһʱҶڹ˾ûΪǽ˵һεѧУⴵͷ磬ҶҲľͻؼˡ

һҶݲڣͲű߼ʵҩ

Ȱɳ棬ȻŶĽȥϴ֣ϴֳŸҶ״

˵Ȼù͵ҶһۣС˵

ְ֣ƢҲ֪ģȰǲġҶɫȻ

һѻ

⺢ӾⶼѧˣؼȥĶˣǵؼҳԷ𣿡

ȻҶˣҲЩģʲôԼԡ

ȥԸɩҶⱸʳģԡ

ְ֣мҲ֪òú˵

޿˶һۣԼʹɫҲ̫ʲô˼˵ǲ˵һҶ۸ԼӾ̲סˡ

ְ֣֪Ҳø״ǽҿ˴ˣö˶ˡ

ͬѧ¼ƵҴ򿪸ȻӮˣǴǲԵġ

ʮڵĴ̳˵ʲôƵ˵⺢ӣܣôȰ

һĶҰ֪һ͵ܵܵģ޻ΪΪҶ˵أ

򿪸ҿҵҪѾͷжı£

Ȼ˶ٵĻ֮ҶƵ͸ӺˡƵȶԼĵҪá

Ǵ̫ˣûĵҶݾôһӰؽڵϣһһֻѹġ

ҶԭʮƵ̳һġҶ硱ȻЩЦá

ɫҲЩΪƵĵ̫ˣҶݳúã࣬ȥȷʵЩ䡣

벻ܸСҶɿʾҶݻһúõĽѵ

޻⡣

һ顭

Ů֣Ǹ״Ҳһһģϸģɲһȫ

Ƕޱһӵһθ״ɹˣѹͲ١

һУǸͷˡְ֣֪ɼãϾ͸ˣӦѧϰΪ𣿡

ְ֣ȰȰ㣬ҪˡɼôãӰǾͿϧˡ

ԭֹŮô˵ⲻ΢ȻŮ״ô
18 Ϊ	

£죬üͷһǵģݿ϶ǹģС£϶Ǳ˴ˡһú˵ɲҪ

ĸŮһнΪΪҶ룬Ҷͷϣ˵ΪǻϽ͡

ʲôУҶһ㶣ʵϿʲô

Ҳĵˡְ㿴

ͰƬݹȥҶ󿴣ҶЩ죬кõȷ߸ݵģٿһ͹

ôһҶҲˡ

Ҷݲô˵Ů۹϶

ҶɲҶкͺؼҵĻԼǼ޸ˣֻҪȦڵģǶνҶҵֻкôûл

ҶŮȻΪҶϼסǶ˽ŮҲ⡣

ֻҶ֪ȦӵǱ򣬹ﻹǽŵԣ˫Ӯġ

Ǹ˽Ů㡰תˣжĸλԶҶݡ

һ㣬Ҷ൱ѵġ

ҶǱĸҶҲǱӲǱӣ۾۾ġǹؼʱ̣Ҷʮֻ֪ҶݲĿǰΪֹʽļ̳ˡ

⣬޺ͶĽܾҶգҲֻҶŮӡԭ⣬ҲҶҵ档

֪Ů½ұȻĲҪ֪޲ҶС¶ѣҲζŵ½ѩջͳˡ

ҶȻԶмĵϲһ㻹ġ

ĽΪΨһĶӣҲһģȻʮ꣬ǰ½ѩỹûʱѾˡ

Ҳһ˽ӡ

ٲʮ꣬ͻҶϼҶݣͻӡ

кǲ˳ļ̳ˡ

ĸŮ̴žž죬ȫû뵽ԼҶĿоȻһλ

˵ԭԼŪԼҲҪܴεġ

ڶûΪҶ»֮ǰҶݻкܴĿռġɵﻹҶĸˣʵҶݿҶôܿһŮˣ

ֻԼµģѹûȥעһŮˡ

ٱϸ½ѩǲһ½ѩٻһ½ڱپȫҶġ

Ҷǲ֪ٵıԣԹעһ£еӶܲµŮ˾ʲô⣬ֻҶԸȥ룬˼棬ԸȥƽŮ˵С˼

˵ҶѹûаѶһԼСŮ˿

ҲܷʲôҶ޺ͶĽܶѪҶʧ֮˶ҲȻ顣

޼Ҷһ㷴ӦûУЩżˡ

ְ㿴Ҫѧϰôܸһߵô

˶һ£ŮҪ״飬˾ˣ˼û¾ͲܼͼӴףŪɳ׾

ޣ˵ֲСӣ֪ܲ𣿿ܾͨͬѧ˵仰

˵ˡٿҶһۣǼݳúÿкϲҲһ鰡һ߿Ҷһ˵ΪҶ˵ʵյҶŶ˵Ļ

ֶҲ֪жأأҶݳúÿûкϲҲ顣

Ƕ޲⣬ˣķӦȫһôԡ

裡ǲ˵Ļ޾ʮίͿˣһƬ趼ְֲžˣ谡

ôվҶأ

⺢ӣ˽ԼŮˣһְ֪ˣǸأ

˵Ҷ˵ͷţ˵Ķԣ鷿Һú

ˡһ˳ҶݻûҶɫԽԽڣ޸ˡ

裬˵ҶǲǸԼȥˣҪգȻְ֣߰

С˵۵ǶʼɡٶŮʮֵΣ⺢ӣץҶݲţҪְֻģĿⶼתƵ

Ҹ˵Һú飬ְϲĺӡЩûõ顣ҶǸѾͷȻԸ

С˵̹ˡ裬ԺܲܲҪڰְǰҶ˵ŪҶ֪ǲˡ

˵мֲͺԭ豻һҶԷҶݡ

ǶҲ֪취顣ǵ֪ΪҶ˵ʱܽܡ

ѽ㣡費͸˵ĽܲıһлΪǣ

Щڣ˵½ѩ岻ãԼһӣЩΣһֶڶϣ˶ŮĹ̡ܽȻٵŮôô

˵ǶٽЩڵһˡ
19 Զ	

Ӷôˣô죿ֻĽ̡

ٲ֪ЩϲţǼ⣬СʼܹǳԼ뷨ɾѽ̵ġ

ͺҶףҪȥĳһԼԸܵ飬Һпܵʱ˵ǼʱǾˡ

ͺñȶ޷֪趡ֻԼ͵ܵܣÿΪҶ˵ҶǰΪҶ˵ʵȴʱܡ

ЩΪҶ˵

ʱҶһԷԭҪúڣҶݿ϶ܲλӴ

˵ĸѪԵάϵն֮⣬ĶǿӪġûŬӪĸܿͻ⡣˵ȷһʼǰҶݵÿġ

Ҷͺͺһ󣬶ԺԣǸСã͵СĲͬԼлԼ

һĴôԼһֱõСȤأ

ûлޱĽ룬϶ҶݳȻȢΪޣûа飬ദҲܴһЩ顣ӡŵĴǡ

˵ҶݸߵýЩӣ͵Ůкߵ̫Щеġ

Ϊʱ򣬶ŮҲ档ҶԼδޣҲû̸ֲǰֱص

ǣ֪ôͲ̫

Լ֪Ϊʲô飬ܳã˳㻹Ҷݡ

ҶݳԶʮŵġԭô˵ҲǺǧС㣬ҶڵĻڣµĺöûģʲôû

Է棬ԭļСɼλСҲǱųġ

̲סȥҶݵĹϵȷʵôܡ

˵ûʲô̫ϵ

˵δޣҶСȻҲöԴŮ˵̬ȥԴȻ֮һԼλСδ޽ӴӴ뷨

̸ҲڰڲŶ󰡣鲻Ӱѧϰ

Ϊҵ˺ɵĺ̹ˡ

ʲô𣿡

濴ԼҴһۣȷǸԼ˵ģɲ˼ԼҴ硣

Ҫ֪ǰҶݲɱҪ棬Ƕûʲô˵ġ

⻹Ǵϻεһأ

ʲôţȥѧһѧ䡣

ţŮѧ赸ͦõġ˵ҲЩȤͼҶ˹ĺһǸ裬Ǹ䡣

ʮޣ˵仰ʱȥܷһҫ۵С̫

ʲôô뵽Ҫϰ䣿뵽ҶһѾͰؽ̵飬һӾ˷

֮ǰôؽܵģ

Ҷüͷһ·ؽܾһֱ飬ģҷַӾ̵ˣ۾ˣ͵ŮĽǿʱ

رؽһ۸ҶһŮʵʧȡӿЦȻҶݷɱˣҲһ˲š

Լûʲôͬؽܡ

ЩΡ

Ҷݣһңѧʲô

ҶѧԭģһӾ͵ɴ۾һôˣҲѧһ۸ô죿

һԶԵĸо

˵ҲԣȻƽһЩķϲһЩΥ顣Щ׳ΪЩ˵Ŀꡣ

Ҳһ顣ôһ룬ǾСѧһ顣

ҪҲҶһȥѧŤͷ͸Լ˵

磬㿪ʲôЦԭһ˷ܵĺʱˡѧȻţƣǺۺġһӹɡ

˵ˣԼʲôϰϣ˵ǰſˣǸҲǲġ

ԭҶԺʱװͻݣֻø飬Ȼܲһס

Ҷߵǹֱ裬ںǰҲ˿ΣǾСƯɰĲ񻰡

ûЦҶݿԣҲһԡһСⲻȫ

ĵ˵

Ҷһӣûϵ棬㲻ĻԺһ죬ұ㡣ϰ䣬ҾܳԲǸࡣ

Ҷô˵һʼЩˣ˵䣬ɫͺһ¡

Ҳĵĺƾʲô˵Բࣿ

ƾʲôҾͳԲࣿ˵ͿԼҴıҶʮֵƣ˵ı鶼ЩЦЦġ֪Լϵˡ

Щã۸ңѧѧ˭˭

ЩڵƲʶľ⿴Ҷݣû뵽Ҷѹû
20 ϰ䰡	

֪ΪΣֲӦĸо֮ǰҲøҶжôе

Щͷſˡ

ϾҶôС˼䣬пѹͲǹ̶ġ

СʱϰģųүǶٶеȭŹ򣬾ûȭŹ򣬳ҲһȺΧţΪԼϰ䣬֪ϰжۣҶݾҲһʮС

ҳ˼ҵСҲͰˣϰġ

ǺҶݣֻʵ̫̫ˣõ˶Լ

ˣֲͨ鱦Щֻĸ״ͨ˵˼ͦ˼ġ

λԭδ֮ǰһֱԭÿ˼ʲôûɣĪĶĿ࿴ˣ

˻Ƕ䡭ͨ鱦ĬĬ١

ûаԼ뷨Ҷݡ

ǣͨ鱦ĸ״ҶֻЦһû˵ˡ

Ҷݣʲô𣿡

ڶҶݵȤԽԽŨˣɿʼг̣Ҳ̲סȥ

һ£г̺пԼ㣬ֻǵһ¡

ǰߡ˭֪Ҷֱ˵˵²˷ˣҵýϰ䡣

СһӾͿҶݵĿЩһѾ

ԺҪԼɩӣɡհűȡɴ۾ԼԶ񿪴ˡ

Ǻÿ£һڿˮԹĿһԼҴ磬ҲЩΡ

ǳϰ佡֮أʲô𣿡

ҶɻĿһۣѧԭģ߰ķһۣûšҶݶ˶٣ܻҵɡ˵ԭȻһЩʱգܸܲԭ̯Ӱɣ

ڱʾԼǺнڲٵġ

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ֱӰҶݾͱͻҶȥˡ

ڱ˶μ滹ͦġţԷˣӡӦúһˡôԷ

ԭԸϣڣҶݾû¿ԶںǰƣҲôᣬǿҲѡ

ţƻ൱

ֻǺ᲻ܰܺⲻҶݿǵ飬ѹͲˣ˺ڻֱӰ˴ſ¡

ͨ鱦񣺡֪λȰȰԼ

쵽ҶҵʱѾҪ˵ˣڼҶݲûиҶҴ绰ҲûͨκʽҶ󣬸Լͺ˳Է顣

Ҷ֪Ҷݻؼˡ

ΪҶݣסⶰ˶ڼҡҶǳǱʲôԭ򣬶ҶѾͷôŻؼҾȻһ绰ûС

ҶݵȻǹģһŮиʽʲôţˣ֡Ҷ֪޿϶̲ס״֧ǣҴӦ˺ؼõ롣

ֹڵĳԷʱҶȻŭǳȥ죬Ǹδ򡱽ȥˣҶͻεķԼŭǴġ

Ҷ൱޳ҶݺͺĻµġ

һſˣҶҲŵԣǸҶҲвٵĺôҶһϵˡ

ôһҶݸһҹޣƶּɵġ

ŮѾʮˣȻ껹һ㣬Ҷ˸档ҲԺļҽ̲ԼŮʲô

Ǹҽȥ𣿡Ҷ˳ͶԺؼؼöһۣ浹ЩɺԭҲû߶ţҶԼﲻɶ˼ĸо

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ŶӦһ͸һ绰ˡ

˸մžͿҶһڿɳ棬ͷҲص˵㻹֪ڶ˵ˣĹضѧȥˣ

޺ͶĽϽܳ¥ϵ͵

޵۾ر

㣬ǳȥϷɣ

ĽСŮ󣬵Ȼһ۶ûУرǶٳﰵĸҶΨһкԺҶҶ˼롣

ΪҲǧӣЩԲܴȥǶ԰ְֶ˵

ԶĽ˵ҶݵĶû곤Ķ֪ĸҪùֻġ

޵ѵǵһ㣬һסܵܣְڷأˣһһô죿

ְֲ᲻أ㵨СͲҪȥˣҪȥ֣ĽСӻĺܣѹץס

ι㣡Щģ⼸ûҶֵôǳһЩԣҧ촽Ų˲ӣյ¥ݿ͵
21 ñӳ	

޲ðְְҶݴһٲźá

ʵǳ뷨ǲ˵ְ𣿿һ£µͷƲסԼһ¡

ְ֣ҸñˣҪ𣿡

ĽСӲ֪һ¥ϡ⡱һ˵һ߰ݸҶ

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Ϊǿ˸Ҷһġ֪ûüֹҶͶӡ

Ҷݻû˵ˣʵһֱҶݵƢֻ𱬵Ĳġ

ദȴҶ൱̹ʿɰСӾȻҶǰ˵Ļ飬ѱǲڵʱҶҶ˶ٿ˶

Ҷĳԭһֱӣ

ҶҶֲҹޣǸҺ͸ȥһٷ绰ˣ㾹ȻҪôֵ𣿡

ҶһİСȻתɫȻͼ仯ʮֵΡ

ҶãҶǸһԷȥˡʮֱǸ̫Ǹ绰ˣǳƹһΰɡ

ԵùٷöˣɫأһǸ⣬Ҳ˿ǲܣ´һע绰ġ

Ҷ󣺡

ҶݣᶼҪЦˣʲôû˵

Ȼ׳գȴһʮġĻŮϾɽֵطûı˭ɣԴȴ޵ģôأ

ȥȥƭõֶΡֻЩ˱ߣЩ˲ֶΣǰʿħޡҶһʿЩ黹õֶΡ

ͱ˵ԸҶһҶĿĴߡ

ҶεĸɿһЩ²̨ʮ֣صĵǸҶ˳̨׶ˣҪȻô죿

Ѿͷô˵Ǹؼһȥģ

ؼǸѾͷ൱ֻһֱ̫ģҶҲЩźҶĵһӣȷиġݸ̫̫ۣȲҶϡ

ҶҲŮؼҵСϵԺ޵ؼȥܴùɩϵҲͦõġ

Ҳû뵽ҶܲѺͺ֮Ĺϵ޸ˣ⻹һϢ

ְֲǹ㣬ְǵ㣬ôڣһһؼң绰ûУһʲô顭

Դӷȥ֮ѾþûŮô׽ˣЩ˵Ҳ˵ڡ

֪ˣԺǵø绰ҶݿҶһֿۣ˶һۣǲ֪һְֲڼңܲܽӵҵĵ绰

Ҷݲű߼ʵҩ

ȻҶ̲סֹһ䣬֣㶡̺ܹ㣬Ҫǿĵ绰϶ӵġ

űֱ͸ȾƵġֲֻܷҪ˵ԣְ˵ĶԣԺһעĵ绰Ҫһ°̵ֻ룿

̫鷳ˡôλôǵס

Ҷݲͷ˵

תкͺţɩ˵ĺţҶݰûޣֱһ

棬¥ȥҷ䡣Ҷ¥ҶҲûδŮùϵСС;Ѿ˳ȡ˵ʵ׿ҶҲʮ⡣

ҶŮźؼö¥֮󣬶æѶӶĽ˷һ١

ô꣬ǽҶҴţҶѾͷʵЩаŶĵ飬ûиκйʲôֱӻǼӵ

Ҳ˵ûڱ̵Ѳǿˣ

ȻҲпǮЩ˽̽ûŬȥ

ٲһʡŮˣҶ֮ʮְܡһ˿ӡƵŮˣ˱ֳ˳֮⣬ñֳֻҶǰǮ

ΪĬĬţҪҪֵΪһԶŮôһȻܶҶҪǮ

ʵϣĸСλ˵ĶȥСֱ׳ĸ˸ѽԼϹ

ǵûûֵĸз֮ͼʲôأǮʲô޷֡

ҲҶִΪѹͲһ䡰˿ӻʲôֻҪź̹СҲǸȡˡ

ЩҶ֮½½ҶǮȥҵĿȱ

Ǿһ޵׶ȻԽԽˡ

ٳһͨļͥЩŮΨһһжҲĸ磬ͷһ㣬һáøճ͸ͬһ˼ҡ

ǻ˼ҵŮ޷Щ궡ûʱ򣬽ˣѾȥСҲһֱһҡ
22 Ҷ	

ٸҶ󣬼ź½½Ҫ˼ʮҪҵȻʧˣʧ֮Ƿ²ծô塣

ʮ˵ҲȥϰˡϰҶ˵ѹͲʲôȴǶٽЩȫ

ǰִ绰ҪǮ

ʵżջԸҶңסҶңҶҪȻʲôҶҪǮôأ

Ƕٺ½ѩĲͬ½ѩã½ϵ10%ɷݻеʱҶүӴҶϱ10%ɷݣֹɷȥֱ֮תŮҶݵ¡

ҶҶҵĵһŮһүӾ͸5%ҶϹȨҲ˵ҶҶϼ15%ĹȨ

һʵĸţҶ󲻸һǮÿ½ϺҶϵķֺ죬ǧڡ

˸˵Ĳʮ־޴ġ

Ȼöĸۺ첻ѵҶϼŵĹȨĿǰΪֹԺֻҪҶϲ½ϷԶûаëǮϵ

ҶүӿǾĺܵģ㶡޺ͶĽҲǼ˵˽ӣҶ½ҳַҪȻҶҶܳǡ

ҲֻŮҲͶٲˣ벻һ㣬һֱմմϲΣϣõҶҵĳϡ

ӺŮҶģӼҲ¡Գ磬ԼͶŮҲܸ½ѩĸŮһҶϵĹɷݡ

֪һųĹǡټ֮ôܸ½ѩȣӡҶҺ

½ѩ½û˵ҪҶΪ½ѩţϾԹܳʱ䶼Ȩᣬ˵ʱҲһˡ

½ҿҶȢǲ½ѩʱСš

Զ⣬Ǹɷ֮ԴӵļǿŮˡ½ҲûôУȻȥ鶡ٵĵϸ

ò˵ҶѶĸ˲ص÷ǳã½Ұ½ѩǰûֹԾĵط

룬ǾʱѵҶݵһߡԺԸҶСѾͷɵССˡ

ԼĺϵԴҶݿʼı֮󣬶ٲò̵͡ڽʳַſڵӾôġ

ɲܾôûˡ

㷿дҵһ˼˵һʼҶķ䣬൱˵ģû뵽һﾹȻһдҵ

Ҷ˹Ȼжɣ

ãȻĳɼҲСһԣٲЩ׸ԣݳƷ

ҶݵĻ൱棬дҵ

ţҶݣ

ЩҧгݣҶ˵д˻ؼҾͿϢܿ飬öɣ

ĺ澹ȻҶ˵ķǳе

Сʱ֮󣬺ĲͷȫʧˣҶ˵Ȼ٤

٤ðҲ٤һַǳ˶չģ壬ų嶾ء

طһֽ٤

ͨ鱦̲ס˵ԭҶݵȻ֪ô¡ĵȻʲô٤ɽõһ

ⲿ

ʱġ٤ЩƣҶݻ߻һеġ

ȻôΪҶݵȻҲᷴΣʲôѾôҪˡֹʽҲǴ򣬲ʲôӵʽþͺá

þֱӰѶһһŻһ̵

һʼŬҶݵĲǺܿ죬ͷҶݵ٤Ѿһ磬Լܱġ

Ҷһ׶ˮֱ͸̨һأ

󺹣͸ˮƵġmmp˸˵Ĳôôأ

Ҳò

Ҷкϴ軻·뿪Ȼûʲôȴ˺ࡣ

棬ôˣҲң

ʵһˣû뵽羹ȻˣΪʲôѵҶ˵߾ȥͺ棿

޵۾һӾͺˡΪʲôΪʲôҶϲҶݣҶʲôõģ

ǱͶ̥

˶޹װ֪Ҷҵ߳кĹϵ㲻滹ܸҶأ

ȥҲϲҶݵӣҪȻҲáû뵽죬͡ѱ䡱ˡ

ڼҲСǶ޺úõİͽҲ᲻Ҳӡ

ȻҲеԣԸǿԵġһԹӣԼӣ;Ҷһ̹̹ԵҪɰˡ

ҺֲǷ㶡ʲôʲô

ҶѲɻҪ㱨ֲġ
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ڶҶݲôˣվҶݵĽǶ룬޻ͦġ

˵ҲͲʲôˡ޵һӾͰˡ

ңҲ˼ңҵ˼ǣˣңҺк㡣

濴һۣʵ벻ΪʲôԼ֮ǰҶȤһЩ

ҶѾдˣһ£Ҫؼˡ

ҲǺųԶе㲻ԾҲ˵ʲô̫񶾵Ļ

룬Ҷǰ̵͵㣬ҲȷûʲôëǶģҶһģǰͳҶݱǰǸӨӨˣתǳǡ䲻ġ

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Ҷԭ̵ȷеֱֱͣȥģ˵ʲôţȻҲȷе

ˣϲһ˵ʱżǶǿɰı֣ɵ㿪ʼһ˵ʱǾǽթˡ

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޲ź治ߣһҶݵķţɫʶĵͷҰԼԹ޵ֳ

һ̣μס˵ĻҶݣҲֳܱΪ͵ܵҶġƿ

ƾʲô͵ܷܵǰְģһ죬Ҫÿȫ֪ҲҶҵŮҶҲʲô

ҶǸˣ軹ĺúõģڿҶ̫̫أ

Ҷͺ˳ȥʱ˵ҶѾͷ£֪һѡ

ûϵҶո٤ϴ裬ҸҸȻؼȥˣ߶ôãĲǡ

ΪҶ˵һۣϵ·֮ǰģȻǻ·ˡ

ϴŵһɫȹȥʮŮⲻǺĴ·ǾֻҶݵˡ

Ҷݵȷϲȹӡ̲סһ·ǴҶϻΡ

ôһ룬Ȼôһ˿Ļ㱡΢΢ľЩˡ

پͿҪˣŵ˹һĩԣҶȻȫ꼶һ

̣ȫ꼶ʮֿ϶ģǶ̣ȫ꼶ʾʮġҶƺһЩ

һֱڿ죬һԲϾʹܣǲǰһ̼Ъ˹ء

ҶҲˣΪȥ鲻áһһ㲻˳ĵطϲƢ

ŵ˹ѧҾҶݵΪҶҵϱ½ΨһŮǰȥͷ˼Ҷ֪

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ǸĸţƿӰ첻󣬵Ǹĸģû׼͸Ҷܵʲôġ

Сʵǿء

˵Ҷݱ̫࣬ȭ٤ˡ

ӨӨ˵֮һŭ֮Ҳȥһ࣬ųǻ֮л̩

ֻӨӨǸŮƽʱڼܲ١¥ýݵģôܳԵࣿ

ѵҪСֻ̲סˣΪҶݣ֧Ų졣

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ǷҶҶݲ˵ȡǾö鶤ˣҵ鶤ڵضǺ

Ҷֱûͨ鱦񣬾˵ֻ٣ûʲôðɣ

֪λϡ𣿾Ϊ֪Ҫþһа취ָΪȻܼȡ΢΢ô

ûκҶݶʵûʲôȫС

ԴҶѧУһս֮󣬺üһҶݽҶ硱ŮԽԽˣҲһЩ۾ĻϲҶݵġ

˵ǰλʤģʤӨӨø磬ӨӨҪϼ¡

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ʤΪ绹ǺϸģӨӨҶֱˣúü춼ѧУˣɼҲòá

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˵ܴǲǣҪȻȻ

ͨ鱦񣺡˺Ҷݵƫ뵽ĳһǳֵĽ䡭

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ֻҶ׼ôˡ

ʲô

ҶһļͬʱվҶݵǰ棬ҶüͷһȻЩϡ档

ʵⲢѽ͡ҶһģӨӨؽҲһģ֮ìڲʤʮģܵһҶݣһǶ˵Ҳһࡣ
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͵ĺѾ˼İ༶ƣһ൱Ȼˡ

ӨӨҶ֮飬һڲ飬øͽ̫ðɣ

ӨӨԭװû뱻˺סˣɫʱͺˡ˵ʲôϵҲû絽һҳӡ

˭֪ʤʲôأ

⻰ɲܵʤ˵ˣ˵ǾûĵİǡӨӨı൱Ρ

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ʤӨӨɫЩڨڨģĵίһس𣿲Щõű˵˵

˵ҶݷǳԹֽֽ̣һûϵ

ҶݿӨӨһֿۣһʤ񣬡ô˵սˣ

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ΧͬѧЦҶǷ⻰˵رжǰôֱ֪ôɰأ

һڶͬѧʾԺܶ޷Ҷˣǰֻ̫ദ̵ͣڲ֪˼Ĺֱ⻰˵ģ

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Ҷݺ˵ðǾͱȻȻ

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ӨӨ۾һ漴뵽һţԽķߺˡؽܵûٲˣ֪ûˡ˵ӨӨҲһˡ

ϲؽܣȴ֧ʹڱҶ˵ˣؽôһ̬ȣҪôҪôͽ˼

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ӨӨ;¶ҶݵĴǷԼͲεľء

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ʤһװһ壬Ƿ֣Ǻ׳ʵּУɫҲǹͭɫģҶ۾˵Ϲ˵СҶڷػϹأ

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صĺһͷȭȥ

ҶڴСҲѧУˣһſΧ˺ܶˣҿԾеĵۣҶݵ˲ôèŵһӿ

һͿƲסĸ˹ȥһҲҪҶݸ˴ܵ¼

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һʱĶ޲ûע⵽Լײˡ̧ͷˣ۾һϴҶݴſµǸˣ

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ؽܶҶݵ̬ʮָӵģΪϰ֮ˣҶ൱ķġΪҶݴûʲô˵ֶΡ

ԶҶݱŤɱ˵ҶݵĻǾԵһĪһҲһ衣

λͬѧսҶݣҰģ㲻Ҫڮ

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ޣܻ˹ȥݺݵҧһвɣ

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ѧ·ϣȻܳһˣŵö޻æ˶㡣

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˵ףףǶϿǰ㶼ûܵΪĹϵǵĹϵʮֵ裬ǼҲ˵ϼ仰

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½ҵֵˣһԣһһȴϳɣòˡ

ǸǼʡĵıֵԭŵùˡ

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ֻǣԭлޱˣǸԭϵܵˣٶܵһЩӰ졣

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ˣǽȥɣݣôˣߣȥһ·

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Ьߣ½ͥôҲŮԼòһɲ̫ۡ

ˣǾлޱ

ͨ鱦Ȼ֮ҶݵĿҲ䵽лޱϣôʱ䣬Ǽλˡ

лޱò㣬ƲǾɫֻʷǳãȥͺľнֶ֮ˡ

ҶݲһˡڳΪϸɲ֮ǰҲɽʲôûлޱ϶⡣

˵лҸؼʱϵ½ͥõĿлޱϣ˵һЦ˫һԣܿлޱע⡣

лޱʮ꣬Ưʣ˵ССͣʮ۹⣬ѾлҰ˺ü£Ҷҵӡ

ҶŽ뿴һлޱʲôԾûȻˡ

Ҷݣ

Ҷݣ

лޱ֮ûи½ֵͥ˵ǵһʱҶݣȤ˵ҶϸĲ鿴һԭļ䣬УҶݺлޱôϤ

˵ྩ󣬿ҲСҶҺлҵȷӴ࣬ټлޱҶҪ꣬һӵܵ鶼ǸԼͬǴһСһģлޱҶݴ꣬ľ΢ЩԶˡ

лޱƽʱߵ·ߣҶ֡ԡȫͲһ¡

ټлҺ½Ҷҵĺȷ࣬ҶݺлޱôϤҲˡлޱôŶܸȤƵģ

ˣУ԰̳ƵԶЩȤ

ͨ鱦˵

Ҷݣ

ãҶݡ

лޱٴȤĴüۣƺҲһ˲ò΢΢ЦЦ½ֵͥʾ⡣

ˣлޱˣδ߱˵ˣǲûڱΪѡ

šҶݵ˵ͷһҶݾͿ˲ˣֱݵĸҶ

Ҷ߸Ŷ٣ޣĽܡ

ڿҶݵʱ򣬶Щ飬һ£ԭΪչҶݿ϶ûˣԼܸܵŰְһȥˣҲһԼʽѶš

Ҷݲڰְߣֻһ㣬Ҳ˵زˡ

ΪҲȥΧҶݺʤȥˣؼҾһЩĸŮ˻Ҫʱ磬Ĳ硣ԲûҶˡ

½ֵͥ˿ҶһֿۣһҶǰøɫ΢½ͥ½СԼ

ܿ۵׵һ˿ԼǲζҶѹûμչҶݣ

ҪȻҶݿ϶Լûʱ䣬ˬĴӦҶɢһ£ָߵ˽չҶҵĵλ϶ҲҶûŴóɢģŶôݣǱ͸˵ˡ
28 	

½ͥǳǷǳзȵĴŵܵùȥˡøôҲˣ

½ͥһЦҶҲðɫȴ̲סֹ˽չҶҵȻҲʸõһôֶӷô

ʲô˼

ҶڼڶǰǾ˵һһ֮Ͼǰһֻġ˿ȸ

ڶ޽ǰѹִȰĸףҶǰϸʮָӡ

½ͥҶֻһͨݡ˵½ѩѾˣԭ½ѩỹţ½ͥҲֲܡ

С˵ƽʱôŵһҲ

½ѩĸ½ڴλͣɩӹ̳ϵŮǿˣһΪ½ҴƸΪ½ӣ½ͥ½ۡ

֮һӶǡ

ˣҶɵ½ͥ˱翴ӻͷ

ͨ鱦Ʋס˷ܵ˵Ҷûϲ֡ҶݶԭǵáҶݡʱǷĵȷ

ڿɲһϲռ˱˵ˡ½ͥСӸ涼㣬ֻҶΪɽڣȻΪ̶ܴȱˣȴǷǷġ

СŮ̫֮ڷŵҸʱ

ûҶ˵½ֿͥˣֻһ˫һ΢΢øλǣ

СﳤͦƯģһͦġ½ͥǺȻ֮عƵģһ˫Ưһ޵Ŀ˶һֻۣѶ޿ͨ졣

ˣô˾Ȼҳúÿһκġ

ʵ޵ȷ㣬½ͥݣʲôû

½ͥ˵½ңҲûȫ½ң˴˻ӴýǣҲһ޸ǳҪԭ

Ϊ½ϵ̫үմǲݣҲƯŮǰ̡

ˣʲôû

ô۰Ͱ͵ǰȥ䶡أֻǶ޿еΣ½ͥȷǳʮֿŻǱãһ˫һ۾͸ṴƵġ

ûСͲֵܵסĿ⹴һ˿佱ĵõǰδе㡣

ٶ̲ס½ۣ̲ͥסĹӣҲ룬Ϊʲô½ͥҶйø

ʱ򣬿ҲҴ½ͥ⡣

ҶȴȻһЦˡ

ԭСպ죬ҶЦˣˡ

ҶǰҲʣֻñţˣֺˡ

Ҷɫȴÿĸ˲½ͥ˼Ҷȴס

Щĸǲʲôߴϵְҵ˵ģһֵһЩǣǾ͸ʱϷ¾ûʲô𣬶ǹֵġ

½ͥѶޱǣ㲻һֿ佱

ȻҲÿҶɫΪʲôεĹӿ佱ǵŮҶɫǲÿ

ѲҪ˵ǵŮòÿ

ҶݵЦҲȻʶʲôɫѿֻҶûнʲôֻǺ˵ͷʹĸ뿪ˡ

Ϊжĸ飬Ҳˡ

һԶˣ½۲˵ҶݱãûаʼɺͲЩ졣

ԴӹùùԺҶݵԸͱ÷ǳ֣ƺùøĹעǸŸɡ

ԭ½ΪǰøԼƿһμչ϶ƲסԼ

û뵽ֵʮֵûһˣĳˡ

ôҸʲô֪ҳ÷ǳÿҶƳһСƨ

½ۺݺݵĵһۡĶȴˡҶݵȷúÿŵ˹ѧУϵһʵرѧУˡ

һ½̲סʵιЩƵĶϳɵģ

Ҷһ˲ͷӦ˹СӾȻѹԵһִֻӮؽܺʤ

ҪʱҲұȻȻ

Ҷü½ͥάֲסӵ衣ҲΪҶݿ϶ѹϾԴӹùȥԺѾͷҶĸʮָӡ

˵һ鶼ûȻܡϾ׸ŮùʱŮĸ黹ǲġ

ÿһĿУ׶һɽȻ֮ɽˣҸ׸ͲǸӡĴν

ͨȻõġһ

½ͥԼбҪúúõһôһ½ͥҶ͸ӿˡ

߰ɣȥǱߣǱͦ˼ġ

½ͥüͷһ˵ҶݾͿҶͺ˵һ˫Ůվһߣ޵۾޲ںϡ

һ㶼֣ʮ˺
29 	

Ҷ˻ûȥͿлޱȥˣҶͷʾ⣬ָ˵仰뿪ˡ

ҶݵĽǶлޱȥƺмֽ飬ǴӱϿ˶ʮòʲô˽ӡ

ҶžüͷͻԭԸ֮δһôڷ˲Ĭˡ

úأôôᣬʵǲоɡ

½ͥ½ۻΪҶ⡰һĿڡЯֲģҶݲء

ֵ˶һۣ;/㱨

ҲҪҶʹ졣

½ͥĿһˣ۾һ֣˶ʱ۾һһǳƯĵŮˣҶݳ죬½۵Ŀȴġ

ҶݻȻӰӾ濴ӦһŮǣӺ½ͥ죿

뵽Ҷݣemmm

˽˵ĸߵᣬ˵˾λ԰ڵһӣȻҪһЩ֣

ңЩҲǳĳ϶ƻƣҽҸܿǵˣĳ϶Ƿǳʵġ

ֻǺӵҲɵӣʱ򲻶£̰Ľɫֻ˿ȸʲôҪȢؼҵĲࡣȻҶһ

һ飬һӡȵҶѡҪǲҪ

ŮǻٻǻᱧϣľۻᵫǣǶĸ޹䡣

ҶݾͿλĵŮҶȥȿ˵ʱ򡰲Сġײ˹ȥײ÷ǳмɣûֱײҶĻҲ࣬Ҷ׳ˡ

ŮǲᣬĸĻòҲʮޣܴĸ˵ѾӵĶǿˡ

˵ٵջĿ˴죬ֻܳƵ㡣ҲһǴ

Ҷˣ壬ǿƣҪСŮ˳ҶԸⱻٺΪˣš

ڶٳţиƯŮͶͱнһҶ᲻ܾ

Ȼǲᡣ

ҶݿŶٺһȴòЦվҶߣŮ˻֦չĹԼɷ򡭡

ԼôģῴĵŮʲôңΪҾҪҵķȣһ㶡

Ů˺ƣɷͻΪкȦЦ

ţ̵÷ζҪըˣſƯŮЦû֦ҲҶǹâȵԼʱҪˡ

ǿסŭҶ˵һ䣬ȥһߡ

޿ûжôĹΪʱʱ˵ͷˡ

Ϊڶ޿Ů˾Ǻ꾫빴ְ֡

裬ңǸ꾫ž빴ְ֣ЩŵöٸϽס͡ޱסͣл˵ɫ͸ѿˡ

ǷŭѹĻ޷⡣

ǰȷǹְܲЩŮЩ飬費Ϊʲôܹܣ

ЦΪңԲŲܹܰ

򶡻ٻеģ˵ΪʲôҪܣմǲݶҪܵĻӵġϾص룬½ѩԼӵ˳

ңΪϱ֪Ծõģһ˲Ծܵˣ

½ѩᶼܲˣƾʲôأ

ŮʢδԼֻĽ̡

һ㣬ֳʲô飬ҶҾͻΪЦʱ־Բġʲôǻȥ˵

ʱ򣬺Ȼһתһɫ˲ͱˣ͸ȾƵġ

رҶǶݺݵı飬ֱ͸ҪԼƵģŵˡ

ΪŮȴסˡ

ĽܴСȻ㲻ö㣬ٶɣ˶һǸŮԼɷϴգסŮ⺢ʧȥǡ

˭뵽⺢Ӹղŷ͸ԼһˣʲôʱȻ˹֭ȥǸŮˣɷǸŮ˵סˣȴù֭˸͸ķ

ٵĶˣڿɷɫ֮󣬶ͰѶһ˹

ĽܣĽܣʲôʲôùְ֣֭

Ľһ仰˵ٿҿҶ󣬡Ӳ£һƽϡ

˵ţûֱŶˡ

ҶĿŮˣһǳҪӵˣĳϱӡù֭ã˵Ҷʮӿ϶ǹԼģܴԼߵŮˡ
30 ¶մ	

ʵϹ֭ϵġ

ҶΪ̳ϵĴУŮ˵һ򲻻̫࣬ɲɵ

ͻǶŮԴףԼĶ֡

ĽһӼƽϣϾԼ׶ӣǲˡ

ҶҲ֪ٵߣŮ˵߾Ů

˵ԴӰѶٽӻؼ֮ҶѾþûȥҹŮˡ

ô꣬½ѩԭһŮ֮Ҳֻжٸӡ

ҶŻѶٽӽţˣûӵļ˿ȸţȥǣ˾Ͳȥ

ҶбҪ¶մöŮΪžʧ˷ִ硣

˵ףٺ½ѩỹǲһ½ѩ᳤ƯҶҲϲģ½ҳҶŲҿ

Ƕٲһûҵȫ˿ӣôô

ҶҪӣǶĽܱϾǸӣǼҳҲҪڹȥ̫ƽȥٸˣ

ٰչͳԲҶȥ·Һǹ֭Ǻƣ·ͷˡ

ҶȫΧһ־磬Ȼͨ鱦񻹸Ҷ·ʹǸŮȥ˾Ƶꡣ

һ㶼ʳء

ͨ鱦ĵ˼ʳôԣ˭ܸƵģԡᡰԡ

⻰ɲ˵

ͨ鱦һС̫ΧҶתƣҲ˿ҪȻˣΪԣһ˫۾Ĺâ

˵ѾþûлˣҶ̲סһۣǾԼӻͦ˧ģԲıɣ

⻰Ҳʳôһ֪ʲôʱǵľ飬ҲԼ˧Ѳ񷣬Ҳֻߵˡ

˵̲ͣһд˻ʮġ

ԴҶ󲻹˶ĸˣԴŮ뿪֮Ҷݵͷǳ

չˣ½ֵͥܶؼң֮ǰҶŶˣллǣԺõҵĵطܿڡ

ֵԣһһ΢΢һУʮֵãһЩм

ȻΪҶͷϵʱ

ãһæ

½ͥСҶݣʱȻҲᲵ档½˿Ҷݵĵط

ǷҶݵɵӺ壬ɵӡԼҲⱻ壬Ͳˡ

ͨ鱦ǿסûЦ꣬ǲ֪ڵһŵжļֵ

ЩҵǰδеȤЩ޹ؽҪ鲢ûѡҶݡ

ҶʵһЩС²⣬ʱԭҶݵλáνλıְ

ԶԻһǳĵˣҪȻҲȺǧꡣ

ʱͻ룬΢ûģؼ꣬Ͳĵù£ɴҵˡ



ٴŶŮصҵȶȲɷԼˣǾҲʡ

ô꣬ǸʲôԸ񣬶ʱ½ѩᶼ

ٵһʱͻҶݣҶһʮСֻ飬ôܸȦ˽һ

Ǹˣһǹ˵Ҷݸ˻һ𣬱˵ҶҲͬ⡣

ŵĴҳǲϲŮȦҲǸȦǽһ𣬿ƫƫԼϲ˯Ůǡ

˵˲ˣ

裬ְĻܵܵ𣿡ȵ˼ûҶ󣬶ЩˣǶٵŮΪһСӣ㶡ٵ˼඼ڶϣҲûһӡ

ӡְֵ̣ıǳѿôǵһοְֵɫôѿ

ǵܵǰְΨһĶӣְֲܵܣǾֻĸŮ˿ˡ

ﰲοԼģΪСְֶҲͦõġ

ǶҲûףȻҲ޷شŮҶһ㶼⣬ͲֱܽӾͲˣ˭֪ǲĸĸŮһˡ

ˣȴòĵĺŮģְֲСӣܼܵƽϵġ

⻰Ҳ֪ǰοԼǰοŮỹЩֱӸϻ˷䡣ˣˣȻطϢ

ҵһ

ЩԸȴҲĩԳɼͲҶݣٲŬ͸ӲӮùҶˡ

޺һ裬˵ǲҶģҶߵˣ

˵ݶһʼûж룬ǲ֪ôģص֮󣬶˵ݣȻ֮ˡ

ҶøҸҶһǲ½ҵˣ

ѲҶʱı仯Ϊ½ڱıߣ
31 ޿	

һ˲;Լˡ

½ˣ½ѩѪף½ѩȥ֮ȷҶݵһˣڱıߣҲпԭ顣

ȭͷֻſ

ʵûҶΡŬҲȡҶҵĲƲҶҶģȡ½ҵģ

ڼ½ҶҶôģ͸Ӳˡ

ֻ޷ݵĸҶôָ꣬ӣڸģȴֻӡ⣿

ԲʧȥҶκ

ȻѾŭҶ󣬶پɵڼҶؼңٸʾ

Ѿˣ֤ҲˣӶģҶܸɣ

ĥţֽӵķ䣬ϤĵһǾǾԲǰְˣʱҪɡ

ʱ仹ȥլദ

ĽܳúҶʵͦģͶŶλǰƻơ

һ⣬پ;ʱĿתƣٶҶߡ

ٹȻһ˫ŮβˣҲҶݵ鷳ˡ

Ҷݵ鷳ҶҲڼңװģ˭

ҶݵҶ״ҲκҶݲ˳ĵ顣ڼü˳۵ģŶ޺ͶĽҲ͵ࡣ

ͨ鱦ʮȤߥҶݡ顱ϾûСǧշĵҲʱˡ

ҶݴûԼίϰߣȻǡˡݣöĸڼڵĻƶԭԾί

ջĹ涨Ѿţ޶ĽܺҶ֮ҲγʵʸϵǼӼŮҲм̳Ȩ

һҶû˭ĲʱûֹٽšǶͼıСƺҶݸõõһָ͹ˡ

˵Ĺ涨ӼŮŮһܼ̳ȨҶ˽Ů˵ĹϵãЩ˽ɲͱ˶ĸˣ

ٴӦ⡣ɲС

ҶĶأ

Ҷͨ鱦һ䣬ͨ鱦̧ͷ졣

ҶݵĴ̲ס˳飬֪ˣһΧڣ㲻֪

˵ⶫ²۽ƶ֮ûá

ͨ鱦ͣȴֲòͷɥȻ뵽ʲô۾һȻҲ֪ҶĶ֪ʲô

Ҷݷһۣʶʮǿĸ˵һһĪ֮£Ȼͨ鱦㱨

ͼı϶ɹˡ

ת۾͹һ£ʱ䣬Ҷٻؼңˣϻóȥ붼֪϶ȥŮˡԹһӲ˵

ʱ䣬˳ҶĲ֮⣬Ҫҵѹ˱úܽϾŵҶҪţ̲סץĸ첲ߡ

ô㻹ҪȥĶ֪ĸӹϺӣ̫˶岻á

֮дżְԹ˵̴һϣһ˫۾ˮԵó

޺ͶĽվһ߲˵

Ҷݸմ¥Զٻְ㶼⣬ŮҶţӣȻԼı¡

֣үүգ׼ô찡

Ҷݴֵ߹ϴ˿˯˯㣬ϻһţ̣ȥʲôںģҶһӾ

㻹֪үүգ

ô֪ˣ⼸춼ڼҵҲûȥܣְ㣿

ҶµһӾ˵ҶûٹϵҶöĸĹͷȥұŮȥˡ

ôһ룬ɫͻ˼֣ҲСˣöˣûȥүү̣үүȻ죬ȥǶҲܸ˵ġ

ҶүӶҶݻ㲻Ҷ̫̫ЩŮҶ̫̫ڴ¾СºͿġ

ҶѶݵŮţȻûʲôɫҶ̵뷨½ѩḣû취ӻҸŵԵĹ飬ٸӣ

˭֪ҶѶţ㻳ɶ޺ͶĽģ̫̫Ҳûʲôɫ

Ҳ˵ǶҶݺɫࡣ

֪ˣ͹ȥ˵꣬ҶŤͷˡٳû˵ǣҺͺҲ׼׼

ҶһϣĶ٣Щ˵̩ɽˣ֪ˣڼҡ

ٶʱһϲãǸ

һҰǮ㣬ȥðһ£˳㣬޺Ľ·

ٴϲǽȼü֮ˡ

ǱߴߵļٲǮпܴŸֶֶŮܵʱŭɷûкùӳԡ

˾ǳ׼ԲҰҶҵǮҶԲô޿֡
32 ȼü֮	

һĶٰûע⵽Ҷݿ

֪ˣ͸ǮҸ˵ٱˣҪõԴԴϵǮҪǰұ˭Ǯ

Ȼ˷ҶȽϴ䣬ٳûһñ˵绰

ҲˣҪȻҲԼĸ˵ĻǱ߹ȻǱסˡ

˵ĺеҶҲòǮˣǶԶҶԿһʧҲҰƵ̫ʹӦˡ

ϾǶб£ܹôõӣ

úã粻㣬Ǳ㰡㣬ұ֤һˣԺһúõĹ⡣

һʱļͰܸ˵ˡ

ʲô˵ʲô

ٵôû뵽Լĸ羹Ȼ˶飬ˡ

֪Ѿزˣôһ

һΰ㣬˵㶼ôˣֻ˵û츳ѧʲôãѧ˶ģ

ٵԾ̧˼֡ʶ˼֡

Ժ飬͵˰ɣ֣һɢҺĽܱϳҶң˭Ҳֲ˺ã

ˣǱ߶ͶĸҲŵòᡣ

ͨ鱦񣺡

ǲǴãͨ鱦̲ס˵

վҶݵĽǶȣĸֶĻ˼ǸŮ֮ĹϵҶƫӡ

˵˲ԿƫƫڶԴԼļϣͳԿˣԿˣ˴

Ҷݲÿɷ˶ǸӵģҲǷǺڼ׵ģҶҶݣƫƫԼҲǱƵġ

Ҷûͨ鱦񣬶ٵļһȤûУͨ鱦Ҷʮ˽⣬ȱȱҲͲˡ

ڶ죬Ҷݾͳһ֧¼ʣĵķñ䣬ôϢôֻһأ

ԭԸְֿĸ˵ĿҶ֪ٱôˣҶԸ񣬿϶ܲˡ

ʱ򶡻ٿɲüβˣ

Ҷݵǳ졣

ܿ͵Ҷүյ죬ҶľʹȥլҶүӺҶϷʱвϣΪҶϷƶʡ

ĺңԵջˣҲٲз곡Ϸ顣ҶϷ۵಻ɳӡ

ˣҶүȴҶϷ˶ˣҲ˶Ҳ顣ҶݸյլҶϷ˿Ц

Сӣ߻ҿġ

ȿҶݣҶϷ˵Цݾ˼֣Ҷˣ

ǣ̣үүգŮףүү綫ٱɽ

šҶϷ˲᲻صӦһˣˡأ

ҶҲգԭļ̶̬һǲ̲ģΨڶĸ˵棬վߡ

Զλ̫̫ҶҲʵǲ֪˵ʲôáȹˣ

ҶϷҲˡ

øҶϣüŪ۵ġ

ٸҼüŪ۵ģʲô

СѾͷˣҶ˵ˣʲôʱѧ䣿쮳治棿

ҶϣСӽʮ꣬ҶݶΨһĶӣڳǰװĸӡƵģʵȴһӵܣд̷Ĳܸɵ飬ӵܸøɵһûٸɡ

ԭҶϣࡣ

ҶݿҶϣ˳ۣҶϣҶҲϲϾһ·ӵˣԭҶȻƽʱ˼ϣ˽Ҳʮּ򵥡

ҶϣͲһˣΪҶҶΨһĶӣڳţԼĸֹܲСӿʵһʵ

Ҳ˵ԼóϢˣѧˣȤҪ֪ҶǰЩҪ˴ܣ֤ˡ

а磬Ūҿ϶ǿ

ҶϣһӾͱҶݼ˺ʤģѧ˴𣿾Ȼţ˵쮳ǿУѲ˼ϵүүԺ󣬸ʹ˸ȻȻ

쮳ʲôҶݻ治֪ԭļ䣬Զʶİ

𣿸쮳Ǻǣ

˵ʲôأ˵ʲôأʲô쮳Ҹ⹫ȥ

ҶϣĿͿ˵ĺȻСҶǵŮľľʮ꣬ϴŰɫȹȥһ京ŵİٺϻ

һİԣ۵ȴżֽ

Ϊԭ̵ͣ½ѩȥԺƢҲãԶľĹϵáҶϣĹϵʮֲ

̣ǧ𣬱𰡣ҪȻҰһҵģ

ٺ٣ľ͵ˣǴһȥ

ҶϣһӾ͵ɴ۾ʮδ꣬ʲô

ҶݶȥƾʲôȥҲûʮ갡ƫİУһҪ⹫

УˣˣҶϣһΣһȴҶʹɫ
33 ΢	

Ҷݼװû

Ҷϣ

һס

ҶûûȤҶϷϴգԭҶүӵĸҲʮͨ˵ҶүӱҶ壬ǴСҶݾͲסլ˵ĸȻҲͲˡ

ģݷõ˾Ͷ

ҶڵҲ壬˵֧ҶҶֵܣɷ֧˲٣үӹգǰͣ˸ʽĺγ

ҶϣСָĿͳΪڶຢӵͷͷҪǻһʮ꣬ȻһȺʮ굽ʮСӣҶϣⰡ

ӶǷǾͶ࣬ϣ磬㿴ҵ߳ҰְִӹҴķ泵ȫ棡

ҶƳһСߣҶϣȻ۾һһѾ˹Ǯˣ

ǿȥʮĺһһֱӾ쭳

Ҷݣ

һϲղس֮⻹иָĳȻģŹȻǸޣ

ܲμүӵںһģߵǮ˼Ŀ黳

УģԼղصġСкСǵͨ죬һѾͰģ߸˹

Ҷϣεӡ

ҶԭҶϣͦ˼ģҲˣرͨ鱦һϹȱȣ˵ǸģҶݾúû˼ԶһЩ

ҶүʱҲǷΣĴ飬ԸӵܶԲʲôϡ֮¡

Ҳ壬ôŮˣȴûаŮ

֣Ҷүʹ˷ǿһЩҶϷס⾩İɽ棬ɽˮòڡ

ƻɺҶһʱ֮Щп

ȥľͿƺվˣ˿ȥʶϸһüһȻлޱһ˿

ӱ濴ӦòǺҶݵ۾Ȼһ

ܿ죬ĿͱǺ׵׹ˡ

ͨлޱͻƸս̸䣬ȻˮͷһûӰ֮һƬԡ

Ƹ磿

֪ͨҶҵˣһ·ÿƽüĿɫţ˵лޱӦһԭЩҵͰ

Ҳ֪ΪʲôֻҪлڵĵطлޱͻøİġлޱߺ󣬻ƶǺ΢΢Щ񣬲һɫȻ

˼Ƭ̣Ȼָƽһʱ֮䣬ҲǣҲǣ˲˾תȥ

ˮĺۼûУֻ׶༪١äĿȥˣһˮֻлޱĴȥòʧ

õİ취ͺˡǶлޱΣǻΪˣֻԼ

ȴ˵ҶðǺҲ޵ķʸҲԼģŸð΢С

ԭ壬ҶݶҲ˼һ¡ϾµĶ廹Ƿ̥

Լ壬ǾͲһˡ

ͨ鱦˵ϷʿǷ˫޵ģҶڴԼǷ˴󹦷ģĵرҪǮһԼңʲôطΣգǶԴкôȥ

ԼǺĵġ

΢˹ǺɽһŮϵȪˮγɵĻˮ

һȺʱÿһλöǾƵģҶүʹˣҲˣϲҸɽˮĵطꡣ

˵ȻȪˮˮʺã΢Ԫأˮүһ˾һӼһ㡭

Ȼⲻص㣬صҶʮĲ˵λǾǴʿҲȫλһ㶼ʣ

ҶݻҵһЩҲȻ顣

ߵͣ۵һγɶ츣ءղҶ۲һµΣȻ΢ĵ͡Ǿûˡ

ҶϥãԴԴϵɢںеСһ㣬ˮӿ

ߴ·Ϊա⡢ںϡĶšԪӤϡ񡢺塢Ƚ١ʮһ׶Ρ

ĻҶǻܵ壬һ壬纣һ缢ƿʵĽЩȫˡ

һֱӾʡˡ

΢ŵ⣬ͺʲô͵Ļںһ㣬ϸͻῴһһϸϸܵСˮ顣

ЩСˮƫƫʮֵĹ򣬲һƮǰס

Щڱ͵أиҶ߽еӶߣٲҲҪеƢ

һȿֺεԴͷΪԴͷµȽ

ǰ󲻹һ˲ҶݵΪѾָ˿ڡ

ν⣬ܼܼ֮
34 ˮ	

׻Ҳǡۡ

Ҷݼһµһöģ΢Ĺâ΢΢üͷ

ڿ⾳֮ǰһվνվϸ֣ԷΪĸС磺顢Ԫ鶯

վΪе𲽽׶ΣԪʹü򵥵ķ䣬𣬷Уը

öģ۵ԪⶫǾ֮󴢴̺֣ˡ

⾳塢ͨǡѷĸ磬Ϊˣܹܼ

ԭѾˮ͸ǴʱˮȻԶҶƺһӺҶϥȵں롣

͵˫йâ˸ֻż˵棬Խӯľ䵽˵ϡ

ϲ˻ָΪ

ͨ鱦ȵ˵

ͨ鱦䣬ͼҶ˴һ˴ҴҸϹ

ҶүҶլصĸ˼Ҳ٣һʧˮͷã˳ʲô£ҶҶҲýʱǽˡ

˶࣬һʱ֮Ҳ㣬õİ취ǸϽȥǺˣһû˺ӡ

һ˵ˮȻȥԼҵĺӣºں棬Сĵȥ

ȷԼҺû֮ܵո֡侮ʯʲôģ뿴˭ҵùȥˣ˵죬ǵȫʪ͸ɲһܵ顣

˵ϢлҵһѾͷлҵĻƣᣬѾѿϼţǺη

ԴϢӦòдϾʲôӣҶүӵգ˲鿪Ц

ҶүӺҶϷҲ³£˾ԮˮҲûҵνˡ

үүˮǻˮòǱ嵽ȥ˰ɣҶϣһʱͷҶݲˡеš

ҶֲǰСլȻȴҲһϵĿˣҪ벻ﲻҪԼүүϵլ

˵ǱȥģҶүûӣܼ˵үǶˣ˶ġ

Ҷүһû¾ͺãǿˡɰĿлޱͻƵϡ

ʱҲû˻ĥΪʲôںˣҸĵط̸̸ʲôĶǺ顣

Ҷϣܼô˵ŵȶˣүүҺûҶݡ

վڱʮڵĶ۾ᡱһ¾ʶĿҶһۡ

ҶȴüͷҶŮЩ⺢Ӹ鲻ãΪ׵ҲϣȥҲ뵽һ㣬æֵͷ

ӦòɣҶֲСӣô迪Ц˵԰ɣ

û˴٣ֻ㬵ı͡

ҸѾͷ绰ҶóֻҶݴ绰һ绰ͽͨˣʲôȥ·ˣղŲСĵˣ

ҶүӺҶϷԼȫ˹Ҷɸɿһã֪ˣһүү˵ġ

Һû¡

֣û£ղŲСĵҶݣѾԼˣȥ·ȥˡ

վںߣĺˮѿڶôܣôԼ

ŵˣǣӵ˼ǣͦģҶôôģһСԼôģҪȥʲô顭

ܳʲô飿绰ܽӡҶüͷô˵תˣȻҶȥˡ

ǽҲǸɽһһһ͡Ҳ̲סȥλԼӺġŮӡˡ

ΨлޱͻƶһۣɫЩ졣ˮˣ

ʵҲǲȷģղһˮ죬ΪˣԸĿһ£ǿȥʱֻһǳǳˮ

Ƕ˶ҲȥˣȴЩȷˡ

ˮֻŪôһ㶯רҵˮ˶Աɣ

˵ҲһҪȥҶݡ

Ƥ񣬲ںΧۣͨ鱦ɸ˻ˣһʶģʱһһİЩ˵ﻰ˵Ҷ

ˣҶеģ֪ŮŮҪģô飬һͽүӵء

лУǸƿˣǷǳźôĺúõġ

ǿҪʧˡҶЦһ˵

лУǶôӺķǳȤ



ǸлޱͻƣǷˮˣٿһˮ

Ҷݣжɣ
35 	

ΪҶݡˮ飬үӵٻܵһЩӰ죬ҶܸоܶĿɨɨȥ

ԭҲһˣԴ½ѩ֮󣬳ŻֻĿ⣬ԽԽС

е̵ͣǿͨѧϰֲⷽĲ㣬½ѩỹţİ͹⺢Ը񲻻

Ҳ˵ܶ˶ϲ裬ʵϣϾûм衣ֻϣԸԺҪһġҪȻŬ˵Ҫ׷ˡ

һҶݾͱҶϣˡ

ߣľѾͷˣ֪үү̺С֪Ұȥ쮳ǵðһˣ

ҶҶϣһŵı飬˵Ǵû˹ܣҴûǲ

Ҷϣʱҭסˣ㣬ôô˵˵꣬Ҷϣʱˣ˵ɲô

ôҶݱȶľ꣬ûҲˡ˵Ѿͷϰôˣ֪أأ

ҶáҶϣ˾һÿ죬ȫԼˡ

⣬ҶϣԼ˿µĺڣͷƯӹǰɲֳɵ

ԼõֵҶϣʮԵõģҶҵ˾ûгòÿġ

رܳרĸĻ̳С

һҲΪȴĸ飬Ҷϣ֪󲮺ҶݵĹϵ̫á

󲮾ҶҲǲʹģνǱöľһѾͷ龫֣СùܵʵʵĿͣһȴƤʵġ

ɿסһʲôòƤˣ

һ֪㣿ҶбƲ

ҿҲ״ģҸ߶˵Ҵ

ҶϣƺܵˡšԲۣô𣿡

ҶݵЦЦҶϣʮּ´ܾƺһˣǰɾĶˡɼںûٱɰôһ룬ҶϣҶеͬ顣

ô𣬲ǴһܡҶƵ

㵱ɵҶϣϡ´

ͨ鱦߽˵øУ԰̳ϵƵ˰ĳģġ

ҶֻǺǣĴһܣ֪Ϊʲôôˡ

ȻҶûԸҶϣܣöȥһ˽˳⣬˵ҶϣԼ˽Ǯģа˰ٶƽףͣ˽ذ棬ָӳҶ⺺̲סЩȡ

Ҷϣ˳͸һƵģҶ˵˺ܶ࣬޷۾ˡ

ÿլǰװģģʹԭˡ

Ҷ֮ǰȻһ㣬ôܴźһ棬һǴڲֱ֪һɹ

˵ȴͷͷǵ

ûһŸ翪ʹϸӮһô

ҶϣĻͷ֪ҶݻСûʮ꣬ҪĴ쮳ǾĲǸˡ

ʹС棬ԺŪŪ͸ƭˡҪ֪ڴС￴˿Ƿǳġ

ȻҶϣԼãԼûöΪ磬ӦôҶݼʶʶ

ҶϣƽʱʱҲһЩŮЩŮǸNԼ׳ɵģǵҪҪǶԸġ

Ժ໥۵ľͿֱȥ

ҶϣŮϵʮָɾһĸNٻЩһġΪһ˼棬Ů滹ûء

ָһܸʮСǿģĴкŮ

ⲢҶϣҲƯŮȥų档ҶϣȦרŵھɽϡ

ҶϣҶݹȥʱѾ˵ˣҶݣЩСëɱسкǵ۾˲

ر㣡

ŮഩŰζȹĶƫ죬ϻŴŨױҲġϾܳĴ඼Ұĵġ

ҪȻ˭û´ҹһȺNֹܵط磿ֲëΪ󣬻ƻ󰮣ǾͲ˵ˡ

˴ĶţҶݾͲһˣһͻţп׳

ִŻߵļãţпűֱ޳ȣ仨©©˶ˡ

ĻŮ׽ˣĿˣֵòÿҶϣýÿ

Ҷݵ̹Ȼ

Ҷݣ

ʤ˶ˣΪҶݣͬһʱήҲʵ벻ԼΪʲôܸһСԱ쮳

ЩǮ˼ҵĺӣܽӴʲôǮеģʤͲ󣬵ʵϣĵüˡ
36 	

ֻǼ˶֪ϾȻѾʮˣǾʮ껹£ҪǱ֪ˣǵðĹȴϡ

ֶһϲĶˣһϲ˶ǿ͸Ůһǲҵ

ŮһЩһܷܺһ㲻Сȥ

Ժܶ˼ﳤĲ

ɾΪ˲͵͵ǲŴ̼

ʶ椣ʤʤ;һϲŮϲ

ʤͽʮ꣬ҶϣҪ꣬Сͻ죬ҵѧҲǼﻨǮȥģ˸ӲܹܼҶöͣĿҲûֹĽŲ

ʤʵͶء

ϣʶʤһڿˮ˵ЩŤϿҶһۡ

ʤҲû£ֻܵСӲʹʤԵֿҶ֡©Ů˼ֱǼƷ

ߣǹȥк

ʤŵܵʤ͹ȥˣҲŸԵŮΧ˹ҶϣŮûȤɲɵ

һ£ãҴ󲮵ĳŮֵҽðŵԴķմóʶģҵӣһó汾ɱˡ

һʱϨ˼ҶϣãҶҵǧ˭Ҹ㣿ֺϳŮһָ˾͸ˣָȢؼҲɣ

ָ˿Ҫεġ

һ˼

ǺáҶɨ˼ۣͨ鱦ʤǰһȦСϵҲ˵δ겻𣿡

˭֪أŵͦġ

ҶȤ˵ͨ鱦񱾾ǿֲ´ģԼݣ˵ˣ˼ҽݺɽಡͲˡ

ǸС˼

һҲȥŪһ棿

ͨ鱦ҶĬȻǱҶϣѾԼȥˡ

úÿŸ磬ܣȿ˸ؼҡҶϣһ߽ţ˼ͷɵһȥˡҶݵ˵ͷҶϣﵽЩġ

ȻҶݵӡͦõģ˵ûôദҶǰഫҶϣûҸ˿һƯ֣Ӷʱϲ

˵λҶҴ˽ʮָɾĵһŮˣҶҵţٷַѲٰ̫ɣ

ŮŤСˡ

ʲô֣

ŮɴϲҶ٣ҽȡ˵Ĵżַ㷢

ڣŮڸʲô

ͨ鱦񣺡󲻳ģֻĬĬ𽣡

ŶҶȣһ𣬲ҪܣҸô

һڣ漴۾һӸһǮףʹӦõҶ١

ҶȾҶȣǮʲôȶɡҶƳһŮüͷ΢΢壬ʲôû˵

ʤŤŤĹˣһչι

ҶƳһۣû

ʤ߳ŭΪʹֶӮҾʲô˲ġ

ڣ

˲𡣡

ͨ鱦񣺡û뵽ڡǺһſͨ鱦Ȼ֮ڵ˼ˡʹˣΪָߣеû¸ɣ춺Сᣬͦġ

ȣʲôڲǮ˵绹֡

㣬㡭

Ҷ´һۣ㲻𣿡

ʤһУƺ㶼ģ̲סֹѲô

ҾǲҲҸұɱȴˣʤ˵Ҷݣȴ˵Լ·ĺóһ

ԣֻҪѾͷ϶ӮԼ

ҶһѾ۶ȥҶϣ΢΢Щʧ˵ıԪˣҼ졣

˼ǲ̫Բ˼ˣ

ھ

ðɣȻǾɡýô档

Ҷһģʤͨ죬Ϊ򲻹޲ðڵϺݺݵĦžŰʮһ飡

Уҽ㣡

ôʲôһûأûԭԾԾԼұ˵ӵ˲Ĭˡ

ãһҶ鷳ô죿

˭ĳ棬Ҷɡ

˫ð⣬Ȼ֮Լ֮ǰֱǷ˷ǳشĴҪͳ˵ǮҪ۵ģλǮֻҪ˾С

ȣ⧡

ҶһȦû˿ϰѳϾϴҹĴ඼氮˵˵СţΨźͳ衣οҶݿȥͲס

һʲô飬ùĻǺǵİ
37 дд	

Ҷݿʤһۣ̯̯֣ʮΣ㿴Ҳȣû˰ѳҡ

ʤ񼱵ˣƷɣܲϲǺôеϵҸ⳵ң

ƷɣҪģûôҪģôҲйϵ

Ʒؽܵø磬˵ؽֵ˵ĹϵƲУΪСͰʱȣؽϲܼҵǸӨӨƷɵȻ֪

ƷɾõûɶϢΪؼҵĶӣҪʲôŮûУҪܼǸѾͷһϵںˣûȫûˡ

˰ٶôȥ

ʵĶ֪һʮǮһֻûۼۣΪӵܵôһСãרҵȻص;

Ϊﲻ֧֣ĳ۸񶼲̫ߡǧ򣬼ǧĶСνֻиû

ʤǺˡ

ˣҸ绹һõģƽҰ㣬Ҹ

֪ƴȻһ仰ʤжܻۡǮģǮûȥ氮ʤƽʱǰúͷй

Ȼ氮ȲҶϣְŵġ

ǳۣ᲻á

а

ҶʹӦˣʤһڣóֻһ绰ʮӣ˰˹ˣʤһֱһҲҶݽˣȻ߽Ҷݲ

һƶǶ˲ŭˡ

㵽û

еڣһô죿ȵȣѾͷòڳûɣںڻü

ʤ˼ǧʵҶֻ룬ʵͲһٲ绢emmm

ʤ֪˼ıҶôµñ

òǲҰɣСѾͷ̧ͷЦеǱǳıӣʤʶľͰͦ˿ˣǲܱ

غԵϣ

˭˭˵Ҳң

аɣʼɣ

ҶѾһ˳ʤֱҧæҲ˳

ιһûʼأ

ʱʤȻһ죬ˣվĴ󺰣е㵣ģ٣Ҫˣãһ

ʤ񣺡

ȱһæͷͷԼΡʤ׷˹ȥ



һȦ֮ڱʾȻٶţģǻͦġ

ʤ񣺡ˣӾ˫˫Ͷ

Ҷϣ֮ɫһֱÿҶһ˷ܵģʱһ˳󡱣˼壬ƣﵽ٣˵ʤˣҶϣ˰Сʱ׷ȥˡ

üһҶϣ֪Լ߼۹ȥ˭֪Լõʱŵòһͳ˶ʤȻһɫûС

ʤȺ飬ͬʱҲһЩŤ

ܴ򲻹˼ҹҲˣȻܲ˼ңǸİɣʲô

Ǿα֮ʤҲˣֱǵŰѲɻҪ˼ΪʲôŰ

ŰŰ㿩Ҫʱ

ͨ鱦ͰʤʱϷֱҶݿҶ¶һ˿ǳЦЩ֪֮

ͨ鱦񣺡ǳ½ɽ˼ңû֪֮첻ȥ

֪𣿡

ҶϣѵҶݣͨ鱦һ飬꣬һú磬泵治ҡ

Ҷں΢΢ʤŤͷת𴦣ʤ͵ɫеڣɿ˼ɫҶݼۣ֮ǰҶϣʤ;ͶûȤˡ

һ˲ô簲XOδΥġ˵ģܼǮƣҲǸˡ

СѾͷҪôʱһΣҸרҵһĳأ

Ҷϣ͸̵ĸƵģʤͣҶȲøʲôûأ

⻰ôôŤأҶϣ㶼ãȻ죬棬ɲûƷⲻԼá

Ҷɫ˼֡ǳӵ˵ǣҸ綼Ȳұʲô

ʤͣ

˵ܼǿݵģддΣ

ʤͣܵʤٸӾһЩҲһЩһͷëϴɫĶһ泵УǴܾͲˡ

һͲʤүϲ

ʤͲΪһëѾͷܴùʤ񣬶СϧȻԼè򣬿Сһ㣬ڽѾͷ̫ң˴պҲ

˼ʤ¶Ϊʮ˧ЦݵðǾдд衣

ʤֹѾˡæNɪ˼Ȼ󷢳һҽУ
38 	

˵Ƕ˲ˣ˶ˣҪ˵ֵܶ˲ϣ˸طһܣԼҲһ㣬㣬ô˵Ǳ

ܼүӣɫ࣬ɸֵŭСӣȻ˼ؼ״˵ҶҵǸСˡ

үӶӶˣƤͦģôģˣ

үôӵ۵ġ

ʤľ죬ֿһԼ׸硣˵ˣҶǸСѾͷаŶ֮ǰҶʱ绹Ц

û뵽ôôѸ͡ʤҶһְֻѹڵϣŶСװˡȡ

ΪеԲзˡϾҶͬѧ𣿴ɱɱı˺ܻܿġʤͷ󳤵òޣӻͦġ

ʤ;Լʮҵһ죬УҪһسӣܾôˡ

ǲΪû׼ãԡ

үԭϢŭ˼Ǽһڸģʱˣˡ

ãã㻹׼СѾͷһسǲǣϢˣ򲻹˼СѾͷˣϴǴҹ׼ԼĶҪҪүүҵýȥ

үʱҲһʦǶҪ˵ԼӱһСѾͷסĦܸ

Ȼˣһ˴Լص㡣ĳʢ˥ĲǱģˡ

Ϊëһ澡Ǵûġ

мСѾͷܼûŮϰϰߡΪһЩһ˼棬ܼ˵ŮֻǶԼСŮزһ

ʤҲɵûүүĳ

ȴӲˡ

ƽʱϰϵںˣСѾͷ򲻹Ժû²ȥ죬ڼѵصġ

еĵǺ˵Լѧˣ˾˼ҾٴӮǾӶˡ

ɹؼ˼ǸСѾͷ

үѵˡ



үӲ֪ԼӺ˼Сܱ˼СſµѾ硣

ܼྩͷ˼ң漰ȦȦĸְǸġ

ͱ˵ЩӵϲϲҹԼϼӳȥ˾ȥ

ҲѾΪһˡƯС죬ҪȡĹעȣͻ;ȥӽЩӵܣԱԵݵһЩģƬ

ֻҪЩӵܵƬȥokȻԼý壬ͿԺһˡ

˺֮ͨҲˡһԲˬˣΧȺڻǻƣ͵ġ

ͱ˵ͷţ²²Щӵ֮еôôءʵ˿ǸĽʼ޵ġ

ĹעȾͻᵽӵϣ벩עŮȴ̫˹עǵƬЩӵܵˡ

һβһΧȺٴοŵʱѭҪ²һ֣֮Բۣ˰ڵߵţпС˭

Ӱͳ˿ŵըϢòһĳɣ

ʵһȺԱʵ󲻳˸ҶЩӵ֡ò˵ΧȺڵԶը졣



Ҷݶ֪飬ؼ֮ͷ˯Ҷ̸һ̸ֱӾܾˡ

ʲô̸ģֻһܣҶעҶݲҲ˾ģ˵ǹŴᣬŮḸ˵ȥռ

Ҷݲԭ鷳Ҷ˿ҲͦģɴͲˡŷҲԼû취뷨Ҷݳ˯˹ȥ

߿Բ˯Ҷݻͦϲַɵĸоġ

ȻһȺǺĥ־һ顣ҶѾվһλߴвջȻභ־

һ磬ҶݾͺĶŶٿһë

ݣôҿʲô

ûʲô

Ҷֻ֣ôһⶡϾһ㵭ĺأ

׻˵ùˡҶݻָ˿ڵΪܿ˿һЩ

ЩͰ֮кõȻҲлġ

һ˳˵ġԹŭȶڸЩɫɫġ˴ùˡ

ͨ˲ֲù¶ǵİ˵ʱܻнɫģɫġơ

һݼʱ˵⻰١

ҶݿɲѶ١ǵȶٳž͸½ͥһ绰½ͥߵȦ·ӣ㡣һԼ˶ǰɵǸ»˾

۸ˣ

½ͥɫǳ˳

ûУռô磬ҶУҶҰҲҪ֤Ҫ˦ͷϡ

½ͥɫһʱ֮ѿһֱ֪˺ͻ֣ȴû뵽Ҷܵί
39 ί	

Ҷû½ͥʰ٣½ͥȴãҶݼȻˣǾһί

ǰ½ͥΪ˼Ҷݡ

ϾҶݻҪҶȻ½ѩȥˣҶ󻹻ţϾҶݵף½ǰ쳤ˣҶﲻ̹ˣǿĻҶݡ

ҶҶ׵ҶͻССѾͷúûǲûǿ׵û

½˻ʮģżҶݽӹȥԸʲôġ֮⣬½Ҽµ顣

½ͥҶίˣ϶˸עٵĸ綡ġ

ȷֶߥŶĲ½ͥϵЦݾôزסɲǴүµ֣Լүֻǰ·һ̡

ͬʱ½ͥﻹм½ͥڽӵҶݵ绰һ˲䣬˰Ѷһӵĵϸ

ǰеʱж׷

ǾͨĲͨ˼ңعѣһĸ󣬶ٲǳŮҲŮͷһһ㣬ͷһá

ôӴһͥһʼǿ㶡ά֡ȻòզأǼܲסýáҽóö

Сұ˲ϧġǻǸ̳ҪȻǱ˹øôܿ

ǻӦóҲҪȻϹҲôꡣȶٴҶ֮󣬶ϹҲŵ˲ٺô

ǴĳˣԺˣҶֵ֧̬ȡ

ȥ٣ٶ˫

ЩǮأǺǰ½ֻͥû飬һ黹ʲô׵ģѹҶССģƿ˵ġ

⻹ˣ

½ҲϡҶҵǵ㶫Сþֻ±ҶһѪǴӷϻǵϣҶҵĶѵǱõĶ

Ҷô˽ֺҶݵˣǾҪ½Ҵ𲻴ӦˡСȻȥˣ½ֲûˣ

½ͥɫһʱ֮˭Ҳ²뷨

Ҷݾͼ򵥵Ķˡ¶֮Ͳˣ֮ǰҶүǱ波һôҶݾĴȥѰҶ츣ȥˡ

ֻҵЩطָΪֿˣܸʲôС

ֻϧҶұྩûҵ츣أǻؼֶ֮ϵĺɫϢԽԽŨˡ

޺ͶĽ϶С

Ҷݾ̲סüͷǶǱߵˣȻⶡվڶ棬ҲͲ׼ˡ

ˣҵһռĺð취ͨ鱦һΣ͵ҶǰҶݿһۣüͷ΢΢úõĲˣôèˣ

ͨ鱦ŤŤģҶݵһصļƤ񣬡ú˵

ͨ鱦Ҷദǧ꣬Ȼ֪˼ҵƢҲͲŤˡ

ȿȣҾǾõΪٻָһЩҾͿʵˣʱɸСǲ𣿡

ͨ鱦ĹȣͲû˵ԺҾſ㱳ϻ㱧ҰɣǾԲ濴ܶССߣè԰ΣۣĽĻþ

ȻʮڵƢ۸Ͳܣǲġ

أΰģӶһЩأǺֵһԵġ

ҶһûûΣͨ鱦ԺʲôûʲôҲǸԼƶġ

èèСв

˾ͺá

¶ôˡ˵ʲô취

ҷԽʷƾõıԽпܴ˿Դⷽ֡

˵Ŷ

ࡣ

Ҷ˼⻰е֮ǰȷпвⶫʱ䳤ǻɢġҪ봢黹ر

ԲÿһŶҶ΢һ£ٴ̾һ

ǳ½ҶݿɴûһȻȻ޷ǳ½ȻŨλ۷壿

ʱ˷ɿܹһײҶݣǮǮˣ

Ҷһ˿ҶݣɫЩȻ磬׷׷Ұﻹ֤أ

ȻӨӨӨӨҶ֮ľνһۡ綼ҶûֵáӨӨҲʶ˲ܼҶˡ

ܼԡ䡱Ҷ򲻹˼ңҶַǳзִ磬ֱӰ˰ڵĦȻûӣûаˣүүԳûȥҶ˵

СӴ򲻹һСӻǴСϰģôڿЦɣ

ˣ
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ӨӨȻǺҶݣȴ鷳ˡǰѾͷ۸ҲνԼָ˾

Ȼȥǰûʲô˼һܰӨӨķǳܣܳʵԶҶݡ

үү˵ûĶ뷨ǾͶһŽӴҶ鷳ʵûʲôҪ

ӨӨƽʱһԵģʵͦڵġ

ҪȻҲԭҶݵ飬ȻڱϿϷ

ӨӨܷԴؽ鱻֮ͶԼÿ췢Ϣɧ

ӨӨ䷳޲ֱӰֻ뻻ˣֻ˺ܶˣҲ֪롣ܶ࿨ϵ߶롣

Ҫ룬һʱ֮ʵǲ㡣ֻðؽˡ

ؽܶӨӨмĵġҪ˵Ҳ˳Ҳǰˣ׷ӨӨ

Ͼҵ˵ȥҲǺţǸܼе̵˼ұǲԶġ

ؽеˣԼǲ׷ӨӨʧܣԸô

ⴰֽͱˣǻںʲôؽôһƹˤ˼ˡ

Ȼͨ˼ҵĺӶԣʮ˾еʱкŮ΢ѿһʲôǶǴɡ

ǺŲֻҪǰ̣֮飬ǺᳫǶദġ

˵ˣԼӨӨȥ棬ԴҲûʲô𾴵ģӨӨ߼Ҳν

ǰؽܶӨӨԣ˵һȻ֮䷢ӨӨҲмܲסԶҶݶеǨŭġ

ֻǨŭȴûҶݵ鷳

˵ӨӨԼȷǹġòԼһ˻ͷҲû˭ˡ

ӨӨҶݾԼͷܺͽ֡

ձǮҶݣӨӨֱӾͺˡ

ʲôӨӨ߷ߵĵҶһۣѾ˺ƤˣҲҪάֱĺˡ

ҶûӨӨͼʤ͸һƵĴܹȥ

ͨ鱦ڵһֻƤë͹ˮĺèֻΪҶݵΪûȫָûʵ壬ֻҶһܿ

ˣǰﲻæ

ҶݻͷȥʤȻ򲻹ԼܼҲǿ䴫ҵ׷Сë⣬׼¡

ӨӨԸԭԸҪʥĸһĴȥ˰æ˵ԭûôҲʲôûԭˡ

ҶֱӾ߿ˡ

ӨӨˡүүӨӨûȥҶݵ鷳ֲԲķɡ

ǲǵ⣬ֻûҪϾܼҺҶûʲôԹƽҲʲôǵ顣

ǽƵġ

ȻʤһѾͰС͵סˡ

ģ۵һҶݿӨӨİһ壬ֻϧ䵽Ͼͱˤˡ

ǸСץסˣӨӨİ򿪰ѶӳйߣȻˡ

ҵ壡

ӨӨæܹȥҶһ죬Ƴһˤ壬Ŀⲻһ

ûĻղǿһ˲䣬ɢһ˿Ҷݱ۾Ȼһҵȥ

ܼüʤͻͷҶһ֮⣬ʤӨӨû̫Ҷݡ

磬ôСһ㰡üأ

ӨӨСԹ˵ྩĹһ֣ྩЩСǳԱʵ˵ʵڼﵱСǺУҪ˵ʲôûô

СǶǮⶫֲһɲģմֻʲôģͼʣֻҪСڸˣǮʲô¡

񲻼©һǶԌ˿ԣСǾǻǮˡ

ӨӨͦϲģ£ܵʱ˵һϺõ֬

֬ⶫһ֣ںеƷ֣Ϊϡ٣Լ۸ߣӨӨϲҲǼǮ

ûȾˣ۵ĸʲôƵġʤҲЩ飬Ҫǻȥٸһ飬͵ˡ

ӨӨﵱȻףʤʲôϵԼѰ׷ˣʵʲĬˡ

һѷλ棬Ҫһ̺ʵǺѵģһ㣬ҶпΪǸѡ

ΪпΪ˸ܿġ

ϰŲȻµĸŵĴС㣬̬ʮֵڣϧҶתһȦҲûʲô̺Ķ

Щʧ

ʱӨӨ˽ˡ

ǹϰȻʶλ̬ˡ

ǵùղ֬ˤˣһĻ𣿡

Уϰ۾һȻ֬Ȼϡ٣ֿ꣬ȻԼŪС֬׵ġ
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ҶԭѾˣһ⻰ʱ˵طյ

ȻӨӨܵǲ֤ղǿ̺Ǵҵȥģ

ӨӨҶݾ

˾йڣοҶݸղŻȫΧİߣ屻ˤ飬ӨӨô˳۵ġ

ڼȻŲˣҶڿԼЦ

ϰһװˣֻ¥ϵС¥ϱһľӣŻƣȥʮбƸ

һ򿪣Ϳ˺üö֬䡣Ҷݵ۾ʱһΪһö֬ŵ⣬ӨӨȻѡֻۣѡһ֮ǰǿƵģ

ϰ壬Ǯ

ϰҲһǳͨ͸ģͷĲͷۿ⼸СڼǮͷҲп֧ĽǮҲ١

Ǻ˻Ժأкüء

ͷ򶼿Գȥţˣ˵Сӯüˣֱǿҡ

ӨӨֻһ֬С塣

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ϰһ£ΪСﻹҪȻʼ۵Ĳͬһˡ

ȵȣϰ壬ҲƯҶҪˡ

ӨӨ޶˵ӨӨǳҶʲô𣬿ʮֳʵǲϲҶݣģҲںٻǮ

ֻҪҶݲʹʹˡ

Ҷݿ첽ǰһץסǿ壬һ˳־͹˳пģûʲô仯һʵҲûôˮˡ

ʲôϰ壬ҿǼҵϿͻ˵ҲҪӨӨ޲ôҶּɵҶݵʵֻú޺޵ĶԹϰ˵

һװĹϰһ˾ܿǰСйڵģʲôϵһģǺơ

ƳҶϴŵֱλҲСȻ߶

˵Ҷ˵ɣٿ

㣡ӨӨǰһڣҶݿ϶ǹģȴʾĴԼİóһſ

ϰõԱȥˢ˭֪ûһǵԱſˣ˵

ӨӨһһģ͵ܼǮÿµ㻨Ǯġ

ϾǮҲüеС֪ƵĻӻԽе̵˼ҾԽˣЩӵһƽʱģģʵϳˣ֮⣬ǻԶԶû׵ʱ

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ӨӨҶǰûӣ磬ǵĿ¡ղŲ˵𣿡

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˵ŮȥԷӰҪǮʤϲ΢һСõĶҪǮġ

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ӨӨߺ󣬹ϰעŷŵҶϡ

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ﲻһȻһӶǽ˿骵ġ

һҶݾʧˣ֬ȷͷ󣬿ȥһ̾ˮ壬ӷĽǶȶԣ϶Ǽֵǡ

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ϰһСģüƵĺҶݻô

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ֻϧΪ·ûагɫʵ˼ҿ

Ҷڣһ͡Σֻϧһζûϣڶ˶ʮȤӼ۸һЩ

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ϰʱͽӵһ绰ʲôǿҪˣ

ʶԼ̫ھϲϰһ£ָƽõģ¹͹٣



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Щڹһֻ켣ϽˣҶۣǮڵȻװױ˺ƣƭСԽԽƭˡ

Ҷžͽӵһ绰ǺģѾжʱûϵҶˣ˵Ժͳˡ

ͨ鱦İĸ̣Լ²һúˣһֱûôؼˡ

ǼûѺؼ˷

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ҶҪӲܹȥע⵽˲ٶͷͺĴУ仰˵ǮҲǿԽġҶݾ΢΢ҡҡͷ

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治ĵһۣԼһۣȻȥҼҡҶ绰ϻȥˡ

ˣҰָҶ绰滹ǺܸҶӵģȻĪҪдҵ٤

Ҷݽʱ㶣ԭΪԺؼҴСĿλٵҪһ䳬İа˭ֻ֪һֳҶҲˡ

˵簡ҶʮֻԼǲǱСѾͷƭˡ

벻ףƭ˼ҾСѾͷʲôô

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ҶĻʱ̼ǵãҪԭԵ˵áԭˣ㲻ûСӡ

Ҳʵ֮أеòˣ棬ĸ˹Ҷݶ۵ûš

ʱһˣҪǻԼǸʱʲô˲˳ˣ˵һɢˣĶô飿

ڲУĸ˲ɱɱҶúõĿλĿԭúõֱ

Լǧ궼ôеĹġƺҲôġ

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ҶݾܾԺûٸɫ

Ҷݣ

ڻô꣬û˸ҪȻ˿˳۵еĻһĲʲôö

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ȻûʲôýģڻĬĬ̧šʮֵĵ˵ͷ

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43 дķ	

ңԴŮһмѬױŮҲĲšǸŮͷβûиҶһ

ھԼǧ궼ûܹί

˵͹װƵˣڻһݣһǹ壬ȴǿ飬ÿ²ɾ͸ݵļĸǶ£ҶѵõҲ˼ֺʤġ

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ѵҴһһǴһϣ

ѬױһӾվǳжʹһ˾ܴ㣡

ҶݣӴСͲ󣬿ͦġͨ鱦һϹȱȣҶһۣһֻè˻˵

ͨ鱦ʾֵί

˰ΪأԩˣҶݷһֱۣû

ԴĹҲվʱСкվҶ㣬㿴ˣ˹ܰѹţôӮǣ

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ңҲܣУҪǸҴܣҾ͸߾ȥ

кһӾˣ㣬ǳΪ˸״ģа

һ⣬ɲ˵ɲҪǸѴܵġ

һкһٺЦЦǴܣҶѣддôǴأҶ㣬˵ǰɣǾдд衣

ҶĵСһﻹͦ۵ġ

ȷԩ޳ģд裬Ҫ˵ҲţԼԱǿϲϷҪðӺô棬˼һ治

ȻԴȺСƨûʲôȤҶݻ΢΢̧°͸߰ӦһǴӦˡ

ǸŮվ͡ѬױһмһȥȻʵС㹻չȭˡ

һϰɣһһҪء



к߷߲ƽôҲǼɵˣһӶ

ʵ֮ǰܻΪԼǸˣǰСһҲ⡣ҶݾǿĲУ԰̳ģҪǴҶݣҲȥ̳洵ţˡ

ֻϧҶעᡣǰҼлֻϧҶݵĶ죬ǰкһţ㣬ǰкץȥ

һŮһ־˸գȡɨ塱ǰϰ֮Ҷٻعͷһֲ˼ٶȽŮٵ¡

Ȼ˲Űںá

ҶüǷ

ҶݵʵǱģûڵڣȻ䵽ktv۸ʮСӵĵز

ͨ鱦񣺡˼ҷúܿģװװĺˬɣƭ˭أ

˲ͣˣкǸŮ˲ҡ

Ůֻ֮иŮǴСϰȭġ

Ϊˣƽʱ˭͵СжΪԼ޵Уڱݺݴ˲֪ԼͲߣ

֮ǰһֱûҶôֵģԸˡ

ʵɣ־ıġ뿴Ҷݾж֮ǰû塣ûʼĽˡ

мж֢ڵĵܵãͽհǽгˡ

ѬױǺС̵Ůʮ꣬ŮùõŮʮ壬к˾˵ӣһʮ壬һʮ

ǸŮǰֺ׽ݣȴҲݹϵ˼ҵŮ

ôһϣʶҶж

Ϊͽ

ȻŮҶݸǰҶݣ

⺢ӵҲ졣

ްһбµˣܴң˵ǿΪͽ

ѬױŮ㶣ҲʾĹкƤʵʦԺΨհ

˭֪ҶӰ΢ͱܿǣûǵĹݡвУҵı²⴫

˵ҶûͽҪҲ˼һա

νᴫװҲҪװȫס˼Ҷݼϣʮʧ

ϴԺǵϴ󣡡

һк۾һȻ˵⻰Ҷݵûϣ⺢˳

ϴϣԺĶǾĶǾ

ͨ鱦񣺡طСӶôúŪ

ҶڿһȺСܡĿԡ˼ȥбҪһֱݣҪҸ鶤Ҳܹ¾սЩ˿˵ǸȦġӰˡ

£Ϊã˵Ժõôһ룬ҶݾʹӦˡ

ʮְıʾҿûǣԸġܳͷӦǡȫԹ۵ĺҶǴдһ
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Ȼǽ㣬Ǽܵʲôʱķ

һȺСڣ˳軵ˡ

ͨ˼ҵĺӶᱻ軵οˡӵи౻軵ÿһŸ߸˧ǰ׸һΡסжʱڡ

ĴǾ΢΢˳飬⼸ѾͷСӳԺԼҶݵϴ󣬻᲻߷ߵĺ޲ײǽ

ôһ룬͵ˣʮĬ

ܵĺʷ϶Ҫְ֧ʷĽ㣬û֮һ

Сһͱֵ൱Ҷݿһ˵ݱӣһ־˵ݻͲˡ

ҶݱʾСܻǲġ

ͨ鱦񣺡Ʈˣ

һߣ˵ʲôҶˮˣѵЩʧ˷ִ硣ȥ

ңȥ꿡Щңƺһ磬ˣң

ɫЩףҶүٳգգûȥûˣ㣬ֻѾͷȷԼӺܶ˶֪

һССˮôԼµĻط·

Щż˵ҲЩż

Ŀ⾼

ѵõĺǹñֵܹϵȻᣬȴһģҲ˿꣬Ѿ̳ϴһЩãŻ顣

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ʵҲ֪ʲôʱʼ͹עҶݣǸƯ³çСǱ۸ȴ֪

û֪źСһʱ֮УҲݹƵĽɫ

Сʱ岻̫ãһֱĸϼСس塣Ȼҵĳȥʮ㣬Ҳû֪ҲһοƵ

ǴСطɳġˡӽʡһСسǿˮľѧΪǳɫű˿Ȣ˼ңʱ軹ûڡ

˵ŵ橻һβò˵Ĺ£ǻүүСһŮԭӦܾ谮СʱΪһ߶ˡ

ʵǱ˹˽ʡȥˣ橵ĸ㲻Ưֻ飬һ·飬ҲиҪ

ΪģϣܷĶһѡϾںܶ˼ңŮǸ·ġ

Ůˣ˵Ůˡ

橲ĸУһ·ˮľѧ˺šһʼҲȷûǹĸ֮ǱҲȽƵ

ԼΪˮľʿæͶӹȥǱ顣

ټСʱ岻ã˵ϷķˮˣǱСסһʱ䡣

ʱָɾݣֱ߳һǵþ˾˼ҵıĽֶʼɡ

СʱڽǸСǶʱ䣬˵òãֵܶ۸ûʲô֮⹫ź;˾˾裬ûš

ǸҲƫ

ˣҲѧαԼƴĳԶƴĶ壬ΪҸǮ٣ǱߵҲЩ̫ڿ

ŵһӾʮ׳ʵ

Ҳһڵģ͸Ǳһף⼤ŭܺӣȻྩߵݡ

һȥǱȫû׼ðǾôҵĴ󱦱ģ

ΪۿģǱ߸޴ӵԭҲǼǱ߶Ů֮ġڷǾȻŰ

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ЩǱ߼ûôϵ

ſҶݣͺ񿴵˵Լŭÿζֻܱ۸úãȴñû취

ܻỤһЩһҲġʲôʱϵĶ֪ˡ

ģû£Ҫĳʲô£ڹȥҲˡ

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ŻǸҶݷһѶǱûлظҶݺͺһ˳˸뿪ktvȥؼȥˡ

ȵ˺ؼҲſŵĶѶ˳־ͻһںؼҲμӺջᡣ

ţϹ

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ͨ鱦񣺡͵Ƴһۣٴ͵Ƴһۡ

˵Ҷ˵ҪһӾͼˣò˵ŵĹ̶ŵ˹ټġ

Ҷˣر㣬ûʲôġȻûдﵽĽĳ̶ȣҲʮġ

ҶݺĹϵƺЩͬѰ̲סż׸֮ѡ׸硣

ʲôһҸڼأ

ҶݵӾǿɩӡ

Ȼڲûоʲôףô֪Ȼ˵Ҫ

棬ûɣ˵Ҫ񣡡

ŮǴ̶ļúҶݹϵס˶䡣ҶݣȺŮĪɵӣ

ҶڿҪҪںһܻӭ̶ȿ϶ʲôţ

ͨ鱦񣺡
45 ͩľ	

Ů˵Ļͨ鱦϶ĬĬ٣ޣĻ滣װ

Լô˵ȴúǸūԡǾôġ

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ڵ˵ǣⶼʲô¶϶Ϊ̫ڲ淴һǣ

ܰɣ֪ҸŲ̫죬Ҷݸͦġ

ϾͰƤ߻صҶϡҶݣֽһۣԼЩֽɱǺǣһȺ֪ķˣֻǲǼƽϣҪȻǣ

аɣ棬죬ϵʽ˵Ҫޱ˵

족桱ȻȡЩֽǡٺ٣ҶݰôҲͬѧŵϵʽ£ֽ۾Ҳಡ

Ҷ;

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ЩŮҪŵ緽ʽϾ͸ࡣ

ôС𣬷㲻Ǹʶʶõšʳ𣿡

ǰҶ죬ʶһ𣿡

˵ĺеҾ뷴ǡ

һ͹ԼҪΧʲô

Ůa

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ҶݹȻѧУ͵Ůû֮һŮ֮佨ͨ벻ʳ·аԡ

ЩŮҶҪŵϵʽ͵ڱĸҶʾãҶݸˣ΢ֱһܻҶݵ緽ʽһҪʾ𾴰ɡ

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ŮǱʾʮֵʧתһ룬Ҷ˵Ҳ޵һԼֻҪӴһҲҪϵʽ

˵ΪʿӦòܾǵҪ󡣿ңҪϵʽ黹Ůģ㲻ʲôҪ

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˵ǿ϶ɢģֽȶⷽԲһ֮ڡ

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ͨ鱦壬ǰͬࡣȻܹ

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뵱ǳ½߾ô޼Ǳͱ˹ԪĵرԲΨһͲ֪Ψˡ

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Ȼ˵˶ƺûʲôãͨ鱦Щġ

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ͩ

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ͨ鱦񣺡־ϲ㵹ǿ찡óƺֵģͰڣ
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Ҷǳ½ʱһ౦ˡȱľǱ

ȻԽʵǿ֮ˣϵıԽ࣬ʿԶԼϵıࡣ

ҲΪˣ۽缫ߣոտһЩǵһ治̫ϡ

ڵȴԵЩѵáܳôлԵɺϵĳɷڣҲǶ컯ˡ

βܣԺһù˲ʶҶݾõͦϧġ

˵û㻯㻯ЩԱ

ǲܿ˵ġ

ͨ鱦ֹһ˲ˣСɰԹˡԼҵʲôġ

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ϵıһһûûˣκӡˣֻ٣Ҳܾզ죿

ֻĿһСˡš

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Ϊ˷ʱԪǳСӻͦģֱӾΪ˵˼£˳˯֮Сͨ鱦ǳûǸʵеį

Բκ޼衱



ʦ֣û뵽ټ㣬Ƕʵķ˿ҪϵʽǶŵ˹ѧ

ŵ˺ؼңͱһȺŮΧסˣƽʱҲ࣬ϵĳԲһֻӣ飬ѧʶҪ֮⣬Ϊ˴϶ҲҪġ

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СŮȻ϶ҲģһǻԹֱӷйҶϡ

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ԥƬ̣ʵȻͲ󣬵һȽϹѹǷˣڽҲûʲô뷨

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Ǳʦֵֻ붼ЦһϡƤҪһˣҪһֲ
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ҲǺүӵΪմմϲһ顣

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ҶֱûǸƵŮû£Ѿٶˣ컯үүڣҲΪ˵ġ

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ڵԼ˵ĵ㻯ֱǱߵǼǹˣǾϵСˡ

ԶԶһɾǵٲܻǧꡣ

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ô֪үүһˣֲǺүүһŮǺҶݼûŮȻҲʶҶƺһֱͰǵ

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ȴûŮôˣҲ֪ô£ԽŪԽ󣬾ͲȥҶҪǮ⼸ǳĳԲҲ˯á

ϸ½ͥ˵绰֪ٵĸ羹ȻڶĲһǾͽðɡ

½ͥҶ˵绰ΪҶݻẦ£û뵽СѾͷû˵ֻСһ㣬Ҫ̫ˣСɲֵ̫

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Լ쵽½ȥΪҶݣҲȷжʱûм⹫ˣ½ͥ˵½үӺ½Ϸ˶Ѿʼ߶ˡ

һҶݾҶ鷿洫ʶ͵һ£ҶݵĴ̲סôͱˣ

Ҳû취׸磬Ҳӵ׾˾ˣܷŲû취ң

Ϊ޺ĽܣҪȻ֪ǵ׾˾˵Թۣҡ

ҲʵǻͷˣʱѾҶĴˣȴãȻ֪вң

ŵ亹ֱð͵ػعǰ죬˵ʱŪһ˶˽ģԺŪͲˡ


49 ִ	

ңҲ˼Ҹô꣬ڿҿңʲôֻ㴹Ҿôһ磬Ҳʵû취ңԺԺһĲˣˣ

һ滨꣬Ҷüͷ֪᲻Ӧ

ҶһСɣǸ϶Ӧ

ͨ鱦ӴһԾ䵽ҶݵĴϣצһһµıӣһ˵

ҶƳһۣ㻹浱Լһֻè

ˣ˵ұʲôӺÿͨ鱦ͱ²ģĮģӶȻϲҶ˵Ķ࿴

ʲôÿ

ͨ鱦񣺡֪ʵģʲôĬĬĴҶݵıӵͨ鱦ˡ

²Ϊ

Ǳ鷿һҶ̾һж̫ԭҪ֪˸жѹ

ҶţЩһǻģǱϿҶԶٵǴǰˡ

ϾˣҶǳ½ѩ֮⣬ΨһΪºӵģҶи顣񻹲˵ֻ˵ٻû̽ĵ߰ˡ

ҶݺȻúû˼̫û˼ˣ׼ָݺòȥںˣô̡ҶݾĸӵĿΣ

ӻģܲܲܰɣ

ֹ߻װģҪҸԭ˵һ

Ҷü˵

ȿȡͨ鱦͸ҭסһҶͲԾˡ

ʲô

ԭƺˣȥתͶ̥ˣ˼˵ԡ

Ҷݣ㡭ܸԼƣˤ˺

ʲô˼ҪԶΪҶ𣿡

ǣǣԼãüŻȥˣҶҵҲ̫ˣָɰɣ鸿鶤Ҫʱһߡ

ͨ鱦Ų˵ÿζĸӳԱŸԭֻҪֺŵĻ棬Ҳԭ

ںؼңŲһеȥȡ硱ġԭܵ˺ܴĴ

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ȻԭִˣˣѾȥֻˡ

ͨ鱦˽ľãҲͦõģûĺݣϾÿһ˶һûûΡ

ϾǷˣûͨ鱦ǳʵҲһ֮ˣΪһŵӲľǳ½֧ǧꡣ

Ҫ֪һʿԣǿѹԼΪһǳ顣

ڲһǧֱܷ꣬ˣ׼ˣ˭֪Ȼ⡣

ڶԣֱ͸Ųࡣ

֮أ붼ͨ鱦һ˫ټè֮ɫ

ͨ鱦һ飬ԭ±Ͷ̥Ĳֻƽ˳죬һ޴ִѣİļ֡

һͨ˶ԾõĽˣҲͲˡ



ĸӺȻ֣ҶҲûˣҲûйǡǿⲢʲô¡ֻҶʲôԸǡ

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ŮˣĸݵĿһڽ޵۾Ůޱ飬ĽССҲһ

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ֱ¶ӶĽܣֱӽҶңĸΪŮҶ̫̫λˣʲôҲţĥҶеǮ

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ĸ¸ŮǸĸŮûô棬ĸǸûʶܶ˼뻹ǹžɵġ

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ǣޣǳŵˡС̶˵㣬Ҳ̽ӡ

ҲԹˣộЩ꣬кôĴǣǺôϺȳɲɣ
50 취	

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ഺˣҲû˵ʱˣֻץסҶһôƫƫ˻Ҫƴȣٵ֪ˡ

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˵ģôᣬ˵ͷۿˣίίأ

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ٽ˵꣬˶ʱɵˣǣãʲôѣ٣

æʵղűԼ÷һٳҲûӣ˭÷ǮأǾǮ֣ǵ͵֡¶񡱵ġ

ҶǮף¡߼ͨ˳һ㲻

¿ˮ̡ǰһǮʱ򶡻Ҳû˵ϾǮҲϲһ棬Ȼ滹첻£ϲҪǮ

ϴֻһЩ಻ĸôԼŮκ˶ûĶġ

˵پ͸ˡ

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۾һΪвĿԣѣҿôҲôɣָͷָͷ

÷еǮָ׷©һ㶼һӳĺˣ˵ǲǰã

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˵׵ĵȻԼĸĸβһ֧ľ˾ˡ

ټЩ궡˾˵ĲӣѾһСɵˣԹȻԽԽȫˡ

㣬㣡Ѿͷô˵ģԼһŮһӣںʱ͸ˡ

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ϰ˱ţһһ硱ǡ硱֪ŮǲãҲûס

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С˾˾ܵˣܶȲǡ

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ٵ׻ЩϾСĽģһӳҶǰһ޷ΪԼŮҶݣʵǱҲһ

СĸĽٹ̡



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һʱ䣬ʱҶÿ飬ֻϧȻûʲôͷ

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51 ܼ	

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ֻڼҹһЩһҪ֮ˣڼҹҪûôߡ

ܵ˵ҲϵͬԴ

ӨӨԽЩڴүүĻҲ׼Ҷݵ鷳ˣϾ򲻹˼ҡʵʤʤȥҶݵ鷳ʤʤ֮顣

˵ĳˣǸǲܵ顣ӨӨҲͷˣ˭֪֪ô£ʤֵͱү֪ˡ

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ʤǾһСӴС˼ϰ棬үӴҲˣҲˣû취ֻȥˡܼôһ壬Ҫûõġ

֦к֦Ҳдֻ֦ҪܼôʤӵүҲס

˭ԼҵأԼ˭ܱû취ֻȥˡһүǶһСﰴڵϣܶ㻹˼̸룿

ڸЦɣ

үӴŭʤֵ˵Ķ䣬˼ϹܼңȥҶС

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ӨӨǳȴòϣү˵Ķԣǲ𡭡

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˵壬ҶһܼʲôίǶܼӨӨ壬ҶԼܼҵĶͽͽʲôͻǹıˣǿɾ͹ֲñˡ

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ҶݲĿһۣӨӨͰƲˣû۾

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52 	

֮ǰҶݾһȺСܡ

ȺССѾͷ˴ţƨ֮⣬ûʲôá

ĥҲǣЩӶ̫ˣܶʲô飿Ұ֣˵ҪǼʮ꣬ǳˣƹС

ҶҪҵǱɲʲôèҶݿɲһ˷̫ʱ䡣

ֻʵǣĿǰֻһΪһܸʲôأ

ĥžѾүӵԺ棬үӵǸţСԺаŽӻȪСӹ൱󡣺ȻҶݾ͸оһ˿εѹЦһ

ëëҲǰ԰ڣǲ

ҶŤͷߣү͵ߣͼץסҶݵ൱ƫƫ˿үһץס

үԭﻹЩ⡣СҲһСˣҲûʲô˵ġ

үӲѵҶ

⻰˵ȥšôܼҵүӣҶݴſµҪ

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ȻҶݽŲã˵ҶǸСӺ½ҵСáܼҺҶң½һûʲô

Ϊ˭ѾʮˡүҲˣһӾץסСС￴Լʵˡ

˵ʵүӶСﻹмģȻǱ˼ҵĺӣҪԼҵĺӣԼŮҲҪȥڵĹظˣԽϰ䡣

аң˼붼ʮִͳԹŮʾġҲۡ

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ԭġ˵ںܾúܾǰܼһϰ츳ߣһֱڵʱܼүѧϰ

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ڶͷе£ǲСѾͷְ

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53 ְҵ	

үӱˣ뵱˼ݺ磬Ҳ˵һô벻ףԼôһé®СѾͷأ

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ţ֪˾ͺãүүͽˣ˼ҳԷԲ尡

ǣ֪ˡǾͷİɡ

ֵ˵ϴ̬ʮֵãֵˣһȺֵܣÿһʤͺʤֵ˵ʱǵļʾο

ϾǼӺܵίʲôΪܼҵˣҲǳίġҵĻϴҵϴˣΪһϴ磬Сϰ˸ܵǱڹ

Ⱥܵ𽥴źһ㡣
54 ˵Լ	

մӴСǳɳ֮бľֻ಻ٵġ

űҲϰˣٿܵǱʱ飬ͬˬȻˬͲΪ˵ˡ

Լˬͺˣֳܱ΢е̵˶֪ҪǱֳ϶̵͵ˡ

ԴҲûбֳʤͺʤļ֮ʮ֡źˡ

ʵϣҲ֪ӨӨԸΪŮ屾Сһ壬ΪŮӨӨСǡǧ谮һ

Ϊˣǰ飬ִźŮ˺˽ŮţǵүӶӨӨ۰ˡ

ϾûĺǸ۰һЩġ

ӨӨȷǴС͵ԣô˵ɣеĻҪǳʲôҪֵǳܹƽ

Ȼ鲻ûˣùĿ϶ӨӨ

Ϊãﻹû̵͸Ƶġ

ӻŴʼ˺ܳһʱ䣬ִҲǡϵᡱչʱϰߣͬͬյĺӶá

ֵܼͬͬĸǴСһ𳤴ģǸԵŮ׵ֵܽãȻҲˡ

ʱֵܽñͬͬĸİͬĸֵܽ׽Ķǡ

ͱ˵ӨӨǸͬĸþͲ̫Ը˭Ҳ˭˳ۡ

ֻͮͮȽϺϾ˽ŮλģôҲõ͵һЩﲻϲӨӨ˷ǳᣬֵܱ̫ͮͮԡ

Ļְ־ͻ¡

ӨӨԼϲͮͮʵԭģ

ϲǲϲ˭涨ҪϲԼ׳ĺӣ

ȻӨӨѾͷ飬ʮа˾źүү֮ԷҲӨӨйء

֪ǲ˵

ӨӨȻûô࣬˱ˣʲô˵ģҲû¶ԼжϵȻ˵ȷҶݣĲҪҶؼġ

үүԷɣԷǶܵ壡

ǰүүô˵Ҫúõİѷˡ

ʤͺʤһһȰŰԼڷүӣүӵȷЩﲻԾأ

Ϊʲô򲻹ҶҵǸСѾͷأΪʲôԼץҶǸСѾͷأѲǸѾͷ͵͵ԼĽͿ˽ˮ

ôǿճԣɣԣܼңҶѾͷôԼĽͿˮģ

Ѳɻù

ԽԽˣүӾԼԼƽһȦһֱӾƲˡ

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ԲǸСѾͷʵԼ֮ϡǸСѾͷôСܹͣﵽԼǿľأǵԼ͵ʱһô޵мįĴڰ

ΪСѾͷʵԼǿΪʲôԼͶ

СѾͷôǿʵ϶Ĵٸһλᣬ϶һѰСѾͷġ

Уһͷ۸һС˵ȥҲʱ˼˵۸Сô죿

ܼҵˣ۸һʮС˵˵ȥǽ˰װЦ

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үӵԶνֱӾͳˣȥүԼˣԼú߼뷨Լ˵ˡ

۸һԼŮһСѾͷԿʶĸûȫ

ԹؼСѾͷжԼкܴı

ţôһ룬үˡȻԼ˵ƺԼȥԷ

ȺûõĶΪǣԼҶҵǸСѾͷ

ҲΪʧֶˡ

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үųͿӵ۾һӾүү˼ǿϳˣְֺͲǶڵԷأǴҶڵƲԷ

үʮ⣬ȴֹţʲôԼûȻֽŲȵһһ뿪Ժӡ

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ֵ˰㶼ᣬүӳˣǵˣȻ˲ðˣǻʲô˵ģ

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ʤͺʤƨƨߵĸүӵϵЦҪϲжϲ죬ֱͱȹ껹Ҫˡ

Сһȵģĺ޲ðǵȴϡ·ϲ̨ģûϢǵֵͦġ

벻ܰȸˣϾԼ׶ӡ


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Ȼ½ͥһӾץס˹ؼĵطٶȡ顱˲ͺˡ

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Ҷϣһ˵Ƕ̲סмֵ⡣½ͥˡ

ҶϣҪٸҴȥĻҾͰ¶衣

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ߵΪԣΪ˳ܣ˾͸һľƵġ

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˳ǻعȴҶѾԶˡ

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Сģʱÿһ󿨳ŵѪҺȿȥ֮˷һܹȥҶݺһһڵϡ

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;ͦġ

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үôӵۣһĲšͲҪιȥһԣսԼսһ鲻õ顣

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ԼսɣֵȦ֪ˣүӽõļүҲЦǺǵĴ绰ʺˡ

ЩһүӾƩ˵ܰаδϰʲôʱָ˼Сﰡ˼СﲻڵǺˣ˼ҪսˣһϹͷס˼СĴŶ

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Ҷ۵ڴô£ҶѲϣүӴܣҶݵɫһӾ͸ҶԼŮжް

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˵ʲôˡ

ᶼҵʱˮүӵϷ㣬޲ð䳡˶ˡǲаܶ඼ܼҵ

ˣүӵһӢһô죿

Ҷݼʵ

үɫһƬҰһģҪɴװɣүӵ۾ʱһתһ룬֡аʱãһԺ˴ˣҪ

ôһ룬ǲװɵ˼Ƿ

үⱲӻûзˡǿ϶ģֻûô࣬ôû뵽Լһ쾹ȻҪһʮСѾͷ

СѾͷԼСŮ󣬰ѽˡ

ҶݺүӵⳡȦˡǴ˻ǲŰ

΢֪ܼүӵϸĶšܼү˭̩ǰݵġҶһСѾͷôӮ

ܰɣ

ȵȣҶ˭

˸һ£ҶŮ½ҵŮ½ҵŮﶼġҶҵǸѾͷʲôʱϰˣ

ѧôı£Ȼүһ㻹֮ûС

ҶݲµòүȷʵǳΪ̤塣

ĶҶҪˣͻ𡱵ٶ̫ˣ´˻ǽܣ̽ʵҲãһһһ˫Ǿ֪ڵˡ

Դȷս·֮ھĿˣÿ͵鷳һʼֻһЩèҶûкǡ

ͨ鱦͸һ⣬Ǵʤʤͻǵүүү

˭ҪǶȥ˴򣬴Ӯսʲôèսæĺòã

ȻҶһӾˣܼ˿ʼæˡ

ͨ鱦񣺡ҹȻһСٺ٣

үԱˡݺô꣬ȻһСôѿ˼һְֻڵĦֱȫˡ

үӾԼƺܹӵˡ

Сȫ޷

үӾҶݵôҲһǰڴܴ֮£κ˵̽Ǻ顣ʤͺʤֵ˾ûôˡ

˴ñ׵ֱӾͱ˼ҳ㷹

ܲˣǾǵװַɧ

ǻ˼ɧôûõĶԼƽʱúϰ䣬ڱҲǻã

һ쵽ñףﲻѻѻģʲô취

Ȧڵ˶֪ˣҶǸѾͷܾܼ˴ֻдӮܼ˲ʸ˼Сܼ˶򲻹ʲôҶС

±Ц

ٲԸϣһֵҲ֪ǱҶСѾͷʯˡǾүӱ𶼵ˣʤʤʲô

ϰ֮˾̹̹ģ򲻹䡭

ĵ۾ʱһǴ򲻹Щ˲䣬ҶѾͷȥ𣿡

Ŷʤͺʤ˲䷴Ӧ

ģҲôôĶӣһ

ҶݷֶܼҵЩһǷĶ򲻹

ǰСӿȥ̫ߣҲʮ꣬һѱҶݾͼͰ͵ĳһòûС

Ȼ˲ͱڽ̻κˡ

𣬱𣬷֣֣ٴңҾͺˣ

㺰Ǻƺû㡣

Сӣ

һ˵ôȵĻĺСһлϣǻƵõܡʮ꣬һСͳԱĹŴΪ߱ڡṦˮƯ֮ľʵڵġ

ֻʱͬ书ķʧº˵ʵԶԶǰˣ仰˵СЩգ䶼Щˡ

ǮˣҲںһ񾭲Ҳȥˡ

ǰСӸոաչء˵Ҷݵ飬۾һ;Լġ֡ܳˣô꣬ҲǸҪһ򡱵Ļˡ

ֻҪҶҵǸѾͷ൱ڲܼүӵͷϡ

ֻϧܷʵܹǸС
60 Ҳͽ	

˶Ҷݵʵֻ̬ȣڣǶΪһʮСж

үʹˣǣܼҺҶҴʲôЭ飬үӹҶҵСѾͷ

Ȼô벻ףүôΪʲôҶҾ˶ĴۣүӲԼڲҶأ

Ժܶ˾Ͱпʼ۲ҶҺܼҽϵĶ̬ҶҸܼˣǾ˵Ҵʲôɸ˵Э顣

Ŀľأ

Ϊӵܣֱܼ䴫ҵļ壬廹ҪЩʲô

ʵ벻סǶʮүӶԣζʲôͺԼԭó򱻱˹ƣָоʵͦġ

֪ˣ㣬ҴˣſҰɣ

ϱҶһŤסֱۣ˵ϣ۵ֱССӻǺʶʱģȻ򲻹͸Ͻ䣬ⱻøҡ

Ҷһ䣬Ȼ˼ˣҲǿѹ˲š

ĵù̵ʯ˻ûء

ϱɿ֮һ㬵վ౻ѹ۵ʮֵİԹ

һ

ΪʲôղѹԼһأЩͰֱ۸ѹ÷۴͹ۡ

ôһϾʮʶȤˡˣСҲҪѧľʱƣбͨ

𿴻ƽʱҵһЩѧҲ¡ǺӵܵĽ⡣

ҶҺܼʵʲôûУĺ

Щģ̲סʵҶƳһۣһΣ

ͷҡľ͸˹ƵģȻʮֲĿⶢҶݿ˺һ

ġͨһǰΪͽ

Ҷ´һۣ˰֣Ҳͽ

ҭһ£Ϊ䣬ȻﲢǺ֧֣Ǹ˲ʦСԼҡʱ߻ħô죿

ô˵ҲǻҵѪܾܲôװ׵İԼ˰ɣ

ϵЩʦһЩȭŹȴûеʦͽĵزҲһ߰ˣбµҲòϿɡ

û뵽Լ˼ҷǾܾˣ

Ҷû뵽Сӻͦĵģܾ֮һֱôֱ֣ȽϵۣƻԼҲʮ

Ҷݵľ벻ԶƽʱȥѧУģҲȥˡ

ΪˣϵĸĸʮָмҶء

һʮʱֵˣҶ̬ʮֵ飬ҶЩ

лˣҶݰǼҰǲ֪СӶ಻ϲ鰡Ƣ־ǿǵӼڲЭģҿ㣬ȻСӵͷ

̬൱磬Ҷݵ֮дŨŨĸмŪûʮֵĲڡ

裬ôˣҪҶ㡣

һʱˣôǴ˼ˣСӣһ㶼˵ҶݶŮˣ֮йͬ⡣

ĵʦûʲôͬ⡣

ȻҶݻûʽԼΪͽȴǰԼͽܵģʦôֽεεŮôܸʦйͬ⣿

ȻСѾͿŮʿҶݵʮֵȣһֱͣ˵Ҳ֪˵ʲôҶҲû¶㲻ͷı顣Ͳһ㶣ʦʵ̫ˡ

ȻŮʿġĤը¡ʦȻʦǲһ

ŮʿҶȻʮֵ϶Ͷء

Ҷ㣬ģȻмܵס

Ҷĵʲôмܲסģǰɽͼӷ˵ģߴߴļֱͱȸҪ֣ҪĶսʱ̣ôĻԲоս

ҶѾ˷ǳǿġԶˡˡŮʿĻȻ࣬ҲرˡҶݵȻӦ

ΪҶݲϻӣڻֻܹҶݽҶ㡱

ҶݻǱһ˵裬ʲôû˵ֱӾˣ۾һ͸˹ȥ

ʱϺҶݶһȺŮӷ׷һӿȥʮֵĳԣ޺ӨӨȺС

Ҷһ۾ͿЩ˵ЩԾ

ϼҶݸ˹ȥЦ˵Ҷ㣬ħҲȤ

ħ

ǰǱ˱ħѧУıŶӡ⼸У죬Ҫݺܳһʱ䣬иģħʦ

˵ħʦϾüҲ֪ЩСʲô۹⣬ǸħʦͿһķۣģʲôÿģ

ΪһֱУϵȻϲͬԡԡΪһֱУϲϲκεͬԣϵ˼Լε˼

һѷӿȥĴ඼ŵ˹Ůǡ
61 жױ	

ҶǱ߿ȥͿ˺ѹѹһƬȻŮǸħʦȥЩ֡ҶüҲȥˡ

Ҷ㣿ҲϲħϲĻҾǿһȥɡ

һŤ˵׼ʦϲҲǿǿȥģĿոսӴħʦ˾һ㶣ʧһ

Ҷһͷ͵ػع

ʦ

Ҷһڣ뵱ڵĵӣ㻹ءʲô

ҶҶ㣡һڿˮ£Ҷղŵı̫ˣͨ鱦±С̫ȷ֪ԼȫܳΪèū֮Ŭ˺ܳʱ䣬ͼ˾Լܿɰ

֪ȫʧˡ

ͨ鱦ʵĻǾС̫ȽϿɰ

ߺߣĻΪ˵ͽܣЦɣ

ףˣǸħʦ⣬Ϻԣ

Ҷͷһ㣬ֲǸһ֣ڳŮ͸һ

Ȼȥɡ

Ϊʲôһ±ƣΪʲôħȥ̬ôүȥүȥ˭Ҫǻħ

ͶһʮΪʲôΪʲôҶȥͲȥ

ȥͱȥ

ϣʾʮֵίһ취ûС׼ʦȥΪʲô

϶Ҷݵʵ൱ķһ˵ʵȻҪҪȻôзأϴС󶼾ĸͷ¿ƵģίͰͣȴƫƫĲ˵ģ迴ǵñ޲ɣ

ҵĶǳˣ

ҶûȻԶֱ˳Ⱥ˹ȥ̨ϵڱħʵħͷǳĳñħñͳָĶ

лĸӡ

Ȼ˾ùǣڱݵʱ˵Ŀⶼʮִͣ˱ݽ뷢ҶһվôһȺ֮оԵúȺֵЩ롣

ܿͱħʦע⵽ˣҶηĻ˹ȥȱݽ֮ҶΪħʦûСһȺŮΧš

Ҷۿ̲סһб±ûСﰡثħʦͿѩ׵ľ͸ǽһʵǿÿ

ҶݾüͷһۣЦЦ

Ҷݣ

ЦһޣⲻҪħʦСƭˡ

Ҷݣͷһ첻һ죬ҲϸߣڶԷ˻ķϣҶݾҲӲ

һ߿˷ţͿСѾԹԵĿʼ·ˡ

Ҷݣ

ĽһûУҶݷǲţǻԼʰ޳˲˹ӣΪ˽ɫôôء

ȻˣǲǱҵò㵹ˣ

Ҷݣƺòʲô⡣

ڸѽģûûСʲô˰ҵϷ㣿̫ˣͨ鱦ѵֵ൱šҶݵȻʧ

ħʦͨ鱦һ˵ֻǰСκһá

ֵܹԼȻһбŮ֮ǿһĻǿ϶á

СﳤûǳƯ֮ǰɲܾô˷ˡħʦţѾ˹ֻһһͶ˹ȥ

ٶȿ쵽һ磬ħʦ۵һ˿أһΣʧԭءֻϧٶȻԶԶȲҶݣҶһסš

ࣿ

ħʦ

˵õĲһ

ҵ޵ġûȶԷӦҶݾüȰϵױЪ˰ɣ󡣡

ħʦ

ˣɡ

Ȼħʦͱץ䣬סͷѹˮͷ档

ħʦ˵ķ۵ǷˮĺΪʲôҪôȥһҪͬ飡ܻŻȥħʦޱȵã

ͬʱЭǱ߽ӵ˾ٱŵ˹ʩչԻĻ䣬ɸа̻йء

ЭͳصԱٵ顣һӾͶˣ˵ǸԱѾŮ׶༪ٰ

ʱЭһ߸Ӧ˶ԷϢŶʱɱĽ



Ҫжױ˵ҳó󡣡

ħʦʮίǰԼȻܣ㻯ױСҲŮԸĴȻﵽɸ˵Ŀġ

ħʦԼòûʲô֪֮Ȼܵ˲Ҫʲôֻ֪֮ҪڣŤҲҪӡ

ħʦһ˵ţһ߿ϵױжһ룬һûжɾȥǱˡҲʮΡҲһϢҶ֪˻Эġ

νڿߵļ򻯰档

޾֮·λλ˾ͼǱܣ

룬ﻹͦοġ
62 רҵ̨	

Эʵǲ֪˵ʲôá

ǰץ߰ɣУʲôУǰ½̵ģ

üͷһ壬ô½̣

ǵһһ½̡ߺȻ԰½ʮϤһǰ½̵ģͲİħʦ

Ȼ߹ҶݱֵЩɵ

ǣҵСӣҶһ۾ϳһˡ

üͷ壬һʮССӻǵһΣע⵽ҶҵСѾͷԭֻΪСжԼ鱾˼ʽĳһ֣ȴǡ

СѾͷ϶ˡ

ǾôܿƷôһаͽأ

ûҲûϣҶݵǲ⡣

ʲôܣ

Ƶͬ鿴һۣƺ⻰ʵЩȱܶ߶ĵƣӦеʱҲᾡؼ֣ⱻʶ֮󱻶ҵ

£߲˵Լ˺ܡЩûа취뱩¶ڶǰ

ȽϳܣľˮиָϡŹֵܡ

Ǹ˵˵ô°ɣЭᣬԼǸԵݣа½ʲô

ƺͬһۡ

Ȱȥɡ

ҶЩԥǿͿ֬Ĩ۵ƭСļһﲻ˳ֻۣϧˣжױֻжһءҪСϵױжɾٴߣ

ħʦɫһӾͿǴûСաģô죬ȻҪǰգ

ֱ͸ҪСƵġ

ƺͬһۣţҪҪȻСһˣԺ󻻸ױǾϲˡ

ħʦһӾͿԭΪжױˣû뵽Ҫжױ̫ˣΪʲôôִжױ

ħʦҲʼԼȻˣܶԱ˰ԲˬǽͬҲûֵܵסԼ

˹ˡ

ȻħʦٴαҶһᵽȥжױȥˣҶʮֱðˢˢԡ洫Ҿ徵Ľ

ͨ鱦񣺡һܽ飬Ҳ֪˾ھʲôĪĶЩͬô죿

жױͻжױˮɣƺͬ鿴ȥˡ

ŶûУ𣿡

ôţ

ûǸͬ·Ӧе󣬾ŮҲûджױˮжױͳŵġ

ħʦƭŮİﻹ淢жױͣȻɹİħʦжױ

ħʦжױ֮󳤵ò󣬲֮ͨҲ֪СʲôʺˣȻȻܡ˵ܶͬûʲôãǶȴ֭

ܵĿ¡Ƶܾٶ͵ģĿǰʵȫ֮¿ɻ

ٶȼΪͬ飬Ҳ֪ܾͱȽͨǽԵܣҲ˵ǿܡ

忰ȸֽʮֿ

żƵͬȰħʦˣҶݵֻˣܿˣεͱΪ֪Ůƭδ족

޹ŮԼԲܱƭǶԻƷ˻ա

ǣҶݣ

ôҲ

ǲ֪λҶݣѧУͬѧǳһֻ־ܴһȺǸһôܱƭ

ǣ϶ƭһӡûС

ŮһһĿⲻԾڻƵϣʵ̫ˣһǾӢУŵ˹飬ļҾҲ

ǳʲôԭ˱һһҪϵʽ

ڷȷŮûܵ˺֮󣬻ưһλԱݣһλԱĿͷ˱仯ʱʲôûжʣ¼ûֱˡ

ǿҪϵʽ𣿡

һŮ󵨵˵

ƿһۣŮ̲סһ죬ҵϵʽѾˣǿҪ

ƿҶһۣŮעһӾתˣҪǻһŮûõϵʽҲ̨

ҶݲһŮ

˵ʲôʱϵʽˣ㲻Ը˼ϵʽҪˮ

ƣҶСѾͷǱƢŮٴ˻ƣεĿ֮оʹɻˡҲĻ

һϵʽҪ

ҲԼҪҶݼܾרҵ̨

ƣ



Сʱ֮Ů뿪ˣƺҶһطڸҶݽһЭᣬĸ

Ҷ˽⵽λЭᣬˣа½̣Լ壬йĸɣԭλࡣиĴڲܹƽ⡣ȫĵطǲڵġ

һԵǿҲ̫ˡ


64 Ůװ	

ҪǣħʦҶǺܼɵġһСѾͷôԼʹܶûء

Ѿ͸һéĳʯͷƵġǶţҪǿӲжױ

ħʦڻǵðˢˢˬоν¡

֮Իһױ֣ҲħʦľǿͲϻܹԼαװߵˡ

û;ͱƺͬһѰסˡ

컯֮£ǿҸŮˣ

Ѿ湻Ҫģץס˾Ȼִ󺰴

ΪҵĳһҪˡ⿴ӦôűֹͦװŲĲƤЬĺˡ

ħʦôһĿһӾͺˡ

ͬ¿ֲܱ֮ǰĹʧ뷨ħʦôǾͲ֡

ҶһϵˣۿΧ۵ԽԽˣɣ͵ǵĶˡ֪ĻΪǻء磬ϱ

ҶݳƯţпʮĴȣֱֳòʮƯ

һüͷʹ˼ֲŭơ

СԲƭӣħʦ޼ȻЩòʹȻܵʱȥһ΢еɫŮ˰ˡ

һƯСһӣһȻȥͨҲһģԲǻˡ

ħʦôòȡأ

ܲܣ

ˣ˼Сﶼ˵ˣ϶ǻˡ

ǣǻ˸˵𣿡

СŮ˴Ļ֦չһͲʲôöǱˣþǴ˺ˡ

иִЦһ˫۾ǰһ˵

ħʦ走ѣΪͻΧȺڵ֧֡ǰ˵ǷʵͦҵģƭӵֶβΪΧȺ̫Į˱ϵļʷ

̫Ҳпܺİ컵¡

õİ취ȻҾ忩

Ļ׼Ŵھ춼мٵģΧȺڱľܲں붼˰ɣ

Чʺܸߣɲ֮ǰƵλλһƣ̬ȾʮֵĹ

ΧȺһǸ޼һ͵˶ĻͷĲŰ˶ܿ氡ͺпܱԻ

ħʦҾһһ¡δؾǱʵݣΪױ̫ÿˣ˻Լ

ʵ벻Լʲôʱ¶ˡǾһ°ɣ

ͨ鱦ֻľͰħʦ뷨һ飬Ҷʮֻȴһ˵Ҫױжˣ

ħʦħ

ƺͬ¶һۣ˵һʼ˻żֻɣôڼͿԿ϶ˡ֪Ƕ֮ǰҶǿ˼жױҲǼ¡

ҶҵСѾͷɲһˡ

ôжױһ˵ʾͻʲôߣıСѾͷŵˡ

ƿҶһۣҶݵĸйѾ˾޴ĸı䡣ʮֿ϶ҶҵСѾͷͨˡ

ͨСͻֻԺ֣ɸɲ顣

жױҲжбɱӣ

ħʦɱһеɫ

ΧȺڣ

оԼܵƭΧȺڿһ㶼ġ

ȥȻһŮװУ



ҶݺͻƻͬһͬȥЭᣬ˳İħʦ˻ȥҶڣħʦһ

û취ȻܵľԵ壬Ҳܾ

ûԹҶʩչܣָʧԷһ㷴ӦûСһõĻٶԷмֶԼ֮ġ

֮ǿõġǶԷһ֮ĶûУľ͸ʯͷһһ㶯ûС

ǿԸӦͨ˸ӦĶģ˵ģ˵ϸ΢仯

ܾ֮ߺͨ˵Ĳͬħʦˣһ·϶Դƺͬȴ㶼ûзɡϾʧõˡ

һ·Ͽر

˿ţħʦҲٶԻƺͬʹȻ֮һȻȷֻЧǰ½̾ѵȻ֮һ

ŮͨԵġֻٰͨЧͶֵľ֮ġȻ䲻֡ǰԲˬġ

һһԼܳԱģħʦͲˡ˭뵽ð½̵ĻȻһСѾͷϳԱ

Ǵ벻

ħʦҲһӣԱǳԱˣզ죿ӺɷҳԱ͸ұ졣

һӲͷ¶½̵飬Э϶صֶΣҶݾͲˡ



СѾͷҶҵˣ

Ҷһ֪ǼôһȤˡЦ˵ЦЦ֪ɷ񣬡Ȼˣ£ɡ
65 ͨ	

Ҳ˼ư㶼Ρ

ʵʱħʦžЩԾһֱУʶľͿЩܣҲûϡ

ڻЩ߳ܡԼȻһ˲øС

ȻһǳĶõõԲǼߣƾʹδСκһܡ

ȻֿȥɧɧģǲɷϺܶʱ˼ҿдôġͺñȴ򶷵ʱ˼һܣͺп²֡

ôɰС/С㣬ôµ֣

ºô꣬ûа취˶Էܵһ˲䣬ĵʵ뷨ġ

ȻʵҲֵͦһܡȽ׸ߵȻߣ˵ᶨֱӾͱ߷ˡ

Э֮вûзǷڻڵ˵һʮóȻܣŮÿһųȥǾ

˵ǳжÿΣģټȻܣ˾ûܵ˵ġ

ԹӢڣΪˣڼ䣬ܶ߶߷ˡ˵еԶˡ

ҶСѾͷһ㶼أٴӱģܰ˲ǵŶõġ

ߵ츳͸вͬѵǸСѾͷܾרſȻܵģ

ôһ룬סˡǻҵĳҲǻϼŵĽӰһ㶼û

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ûԽȡĶһҶݿԵðԵǵҪһǸлޱǸʲôͷ

֮ǰҶûплޱκεϢҲһ룬ߵϢȫһġ

Ҷݴ֪ߵϢôˣȥһлޱܻķ֡



лޱһ۾ͿҶݣҶݵòɫԶСôҲˣ

лޱȻҶݸһΪ⣬ǶԻֲܴСУҵĳɲлҵ˿ȥġ

·ˣؼҵģ˳ˡ

лޱҭһ¡лͻлޱʮԳӢڵĻʮģлޱʮķֻƶԼƺûŮ֮顣

лҵŮֹ࣬һˣлޱͨѵݸƶӴһżȻĻлޱֻƳ˻ҳ֮⻹һصݡ

ҲһֱҪѰҵܡ

տлޱҶݾͷԼ´ˣлޱûκߵĲҲ˵ֻһͨˣһƺпΪͨԭ

һ룬Щɺˡֻ£лޱǿʲôȡԭ˵أ

뵹֣ԭڵʱлޱȡԭ˸ԭδһˣڣȫûѺ£лޱһֱŽԶĹϵ

ѵǺЧӦ

ŶԭһҶûȥһҪ̸

ڵ֪лޱ֮ҶݶȤͲˡлǱ߻עš

ʶĿҶݣͼС˵ͷǾлл磬лҽˡ

лޱֵЦЦ

Ҷû뵽յң˾ڼˣԺڣֻϧ͸ûƵġ

ȿҶݣ۾һӾƣɫһӾͲÿˡ

СԸֱһֱ͸һѹûаΡ

ôһ𣿡

·ǡлҽͻˡ

ҶԼŮЩӵܵĹϵǢһʮָ˵ģ

Ȼˣͽһɡ

ǰȱ裬Եߡλˡ

ǶҵŮһˣϵҲʧˣݹȥмŮ˵ӡ
71 ʾ	

Ƶ밡ֻлޱҶ˹ĽӴ

üͷﲻԸ⣬ȴʧòľܾˡ

Ҷһ£ͲˣһŰݷá

лޱһϯҶ˵ʮ̹о˼ҺŰݷó̶ȿ϶һԵø֣ءܶԷǲĵģ⻰˵̹

ҶһߣĳЩͬΪšľأ͹ҶںеĵλֻĺűҶҵĲβܸߡ

ٸлһұһ㣬ҲֲҶԻƺлޱʱ̬ȡ

Ҳ˾һҶ̬Ⱦˡ

һȻؼҵǶöˣⲻ˵˼ȺؼһҪԺ

Ÿʲôȥѣ

ޱһѣͷӦһɵ߹ȥллλͼҽ

ҶݴʱעںϣĿһֱûзлޱϣлޱûȥԭ֮ǰûбġ

ʮֵзִ磬жȲһ棬ҲȵסûûƺлޱʮֵķС

ֻĸŮ˲֪Щӵܶԣĳע˲ᱻЩӵϿɣ֪֮ãͼʸ͸ᱻ˿

ڶ޵ıֲûرȲлޱôСƵûʲôоÿڵŮ̫࣬ˡ

ˣΪСĻԼܵĽ¶ֻںԼں˻

仰˵ܲúæģΪͲֵȥʱ;

ĸŮ˵ǵС˼ڻƿ۸Ϲӿѹû

лޱҶһۣЩͬ顣кк֡Ҷݺıֿһ¶ģŮ˾αװٺҲڸǲҰġ

ûʲôϵ

뿪֮󣬺˵ɫЩ̫áҶݣôҵǸ˻лҵŮһ𣿡

ôʶģ˶۾ͷϵġǲֻЩġ

ô˵

˵лҺͻҪĴ㡣

ԼϢҶݡǼҺлҵĹϵôлޱأ

ƺЩɫҲ΢΢˳ǼҺлûʲôʵ˽Ҹⷽɴġ

û˵Ϊϵļ̳ˣʵҲкܶҪѧϰĵطһʼδޡڣָоʵ̫ˡ

һɫĵԼŮˣһֵָĸоˡϸ룬Ҷݵ뷨Ҳ

˼ң»֮󣬾ԺĳɻҲྴ˴֮ûа⣬Ȼд⡣

˵֮ʲôûУҶݻһС֮üͷ̲סɿˡ

Ǻؼҵ˲ױԼ

ҶݲΪȻڻ˵ôǰԭڵʱ򻹲Ǹлޱˡֻڲֻ֪ĳȵˣȻлޱûʲôøˡ

˾ĿǰΪֹҲûκεĽҶһϵûУҲЩ顣

Ҷû뵽ǣ֮лޱȻҵҶݣһﻰ͸¶ĶǸҶݽύ˼ҶлҵǸ˵ķӡҲûоܾлޱ

лޱһǳŮˣҪһ˰ٷְٵξԲһһ͵顣Ҷԭûʲô˵Ȼ֮Ҷݾ֪ˡ

ҶĺܿͱֳһȫģлޱҲһļƲҴŮͨҲǶɵġ

лޱҲʱԼҶݳȥ棬ֳһʮͶԵģ

ˣȡˣ͸ȡԭҶݵһ

ͨ鱦˵ûŪСƤ̵ĸҴ⣬Ĳͷˣ

ͨ鱦һͨʺƨ̹Ҷݰ˰֡ЩСϸڡ

Ȼݻǵùأ˻ӲһˣֻлޱͶԻʮָȤҪ

ҶôЩأ˵лޱˣ

һʱ֮ġ顱Ѹ¡õľ͸ĹƵġҶѧУЩһѾǴεǸŮҶЩŭˡ

ҶݲںЩŮҲûа취

һ˴򲻹Ѳʮʮ򲻹ǻǵ˽ѵѵɣ

ǣ̫ˣûмôġǸŵ˹ȫó

ȻҲ˶ԴԵϾҪҶңֻǳֲİôˡûϵġ
72 	

ˣлޱʮֺ棬ҶݾʲôŭԹ飬ȻһȺŮıҪ

лޱʶľʹҶۣһġҲ֪ͦ˼ġ

лҵλ㵽֮ŮпܾҶݣлޱҲòŷѾĻӽ˻ΪлĶңúþӪȥ֤˸󣬳Ǯûʲôɳġ

Щ㲻һ̶ǸܲģͺһƶĺӵܣܾúǺúøɻһôѧĸ⣬ǶһЩǮȢϱ

һй˾ϰ壬ϱ˵򵥣õĹҲҵҾĹ



˵ʲôε˷ʲô¶

ͺǰлޱҲΪԼⱲӿܾøߵѧıҵ֤һŵԵڼҵչ˼˾ͳˡ

ƾһ൱ѡлޱĵ֪ߵĴڡȷһ⡣

ȥʱлޱͷүүƺرĸˣָּ˼ֿ񻶣ܲһлޱѾþûпүүôˡ

һ棬ˡ

лޱлүӵĹϵһֱԼάֵԭ򣬵ȻҲлޱ㹻ԭ

ÿһԣÿӶשͷֻҪ㹻ܹ㹻ӡлޱֺױŵЩҳϲ͡

Ĺǵ͵ĴҶȢġҹ㡱үӶȷЩƫүӸлһ֧һߣһ֧ĵλ

лޱǵһ˵лҾȻбġ֧ྩлһֱԡҡԾӵġһүү˵͵߸лޱȥʮ֪

ԭһֱΪļ徹ȻֻлҵһСС֧ϲ̨档ܹ֧ϵ̨ľߵ

֧֮ϲ̨棬Ϊ֧Ѿܶûгˡ

ǳˣлޱһԶ壬ΪܣѾε˹˾ܲˣνǡһ˵õȮ족

Ϊ˾һ֧Ĳ֧ˡСлϣྩлûʲô̫Ĺϵˡ

үүһѪԵϵǱȽϽġ

λүүһõܡүүĸһǵĹϵǲġ

ֻ֦ټϵǸԷչȥˡྩһ֧

Ȼ˴˵ߵһ֧

Σлޱûүү˵𡣾үү̫ߵ̫Ϊܣһ֧ҲһЩȨ

лޱСһǿˣڵ֪ߵ֮Ϳʼ룬Ϊʲôôһƽʱȥƽƽ˿Ծܣأ

ͬɻĻкܶлˣƽʱЩ˸֮ӣںȻ֮䷢֣ʵЩһЩĲʲô

ԶˣҵЩ߰λܵ˽ߵʱӡ

ûпЩͨһۣ·Щ˾͸һģһһ۶Ƕġ

лҵЩˣлޱС֮ӣ֮Ůܵί

ߺлҾĥһ֪ǿ˭Ҳ֪ԼûЯܻⱲûоѵĿܡ

ôһⱲӾԲƽǾ֮ӣ֮Ů֮Ӻ֮Ůôң

˵֮ӣ֮ŮǴСһ˳֮ˣҲпһСһֱùǼǿĻת˵ˣ˭Ҳ˵á

Ǿ֮

лޱļƣͨλλһƷֻҪӽǿ֮ˣǵƷͻ̡ᷢ

ӴҶݵʱǵƷûţǷڰûз֡˼ӰöʱʹѾô̵ĻƷʱһ

Ʒƽʱ͸ͨĻֽһûʲô֮Ҳûз̹лޱΪԼƭء

ʮĴСȻһСĿȴҲ̫ࡣлޱûôҲһִֵԸйء

Ʒˣлޱ˼ĻǸ֮Ů֮Ӿ˭أ

лޱͽӴ˻ƺҶݡ˾ɵĶ󡣺лޱȥҹƣƲӴӡ

лޱѻƷܵĿƷûʲôӦлޱҶݡ

µŬҶݵĹϵƵϡˡȻֻлޱԼô롣Ҷ֪лޱ뷨˶Զȡ˵ķЩȤ֮⣬лޱ뷨ûʲôȤ

˭֪ء

Щ鷳ŮҶ治֪ǵԻ·ôġԼҪĺ룬ŮУǲͼǸŮ
73 	

лޱûв廰ʲôСС֮ĸĽʼ

ΪҶʱġлޱִСͺѵˣС֪ԼҪʲô

ȻʮʱҲйһЩСѾͷƵͷǴʱѵġʲôУݰѧ԰Ǿлġ

һԼδ滮ʮĹôܰʱ˷Щ޵Ķ棿ļ顣ʮݵλԺ϶дԹѡ

ûȤԼѧҵδɵʱһЩɬС̸ǸлޱҲʵǲ֪ΰοҶݱȽϺá

߰ɡȥҼңүү˵㡣ôͶԵүүûġ

лޱ롣лޱ̬ʮֵͣҶͨ鱦ʶĵı˵ΪлޱȷڸԼġ

šá֮ǲǽĵȻҲؼкܴĹϵؼҲ˵ҪģҪ˼ȻҶ֪лޱ˾뽵ľġ

һҶݣͺ޲ðĻƷӵΪǹ̵ȶ̵ֶҪˡҶûע⣬лޱѻƷ

ȷҶݾǸ֮Ůˣֻǣлޱǳ֣֮ǰҲҶݣʮּ򵥣ȥ֮ǰʮ꣬ټ򵥲ˡ

ѭ浸صһС٣ΪҶҺ½ҵĹϵҶʲôóһδ򣬵͵˾ͿԽ顣ںҲ顣

ŮĻ඼ǼΪ˺ӽĸںͻСʱͶ»£һ˾㹻ʱĥˡÿܻá

Ҷݵĸ½ŮʿȻȥҶݿ϶ǧŮһģ͵ġӰƽûκεĲǾ½Ůʿ֮Ҷģһʼ˱仯

ʵҪ˵ʵеС˵дôʣ

ÿ˶ԼĻиĲͬȻҶΪʲô֮Ů¶Щ̫⣬лޱܺõĽˡ

δԼмԥλ˵˵֮Ů֮ڶʱ֮ڻȽϵùһ㲻ΣգϾֻһЩ˶ѡ

ҲлޱܹοԼĵطȻ㹻˽ҲûҶݣƺͿ˼ǰԼ˭֪ʮܷģ

ڼ䷢һʹлޱ֡ǾǾܵһ֧ʼྩˡ

ʱɣƽʱǿţһһЩı䣬ͻĿǸԶһ֧ԭһСطЩ˸ֻͨˡ

ںȻ֮䡰һ˵õȮ족ˣؼǣԭྩлҵһ֧óٵǡⶫǺܶ˱ŬĶ˭Ҳ׵á

лޱôףΪʲôүүǶ˵ӦأΪηδ֪

Ϊδ֪֧֣һ֧Ӵ˷֦ͷǵĵǽһ֧ʧĻϵġлޱСĸʵĵҪҶݵˡ

˵Ƕ֮ŮҲһܾܣֻ˵Ϊܵ˵ľˣȽϺãԻ֮һĿܡֻ֮һĿܣлޱҲҪȡ

ʵҪһŮܶȥ顣лޱһŮСߣֺǿǿҲţǼⲻܲˡ

ðǸȥ档

Ϊʲô죿첻𣿡

̫ܲɣȻȥɣһۡҶ˵⻰ʱɫģȥ㶼¡

лޱĿ΢΢һѣʲô۲۵ģ˵⻰ʱѾˣЩѾˡŵ˹ȺСԼɲܣҵĵȻˡ

ȺҵСҶݺлޱʱЩɵģǮŵ˹ȺС㣬ǼҶݺлޱŽȲȻҲµǵݺܿܲһ㡣˲ҿڻҵˡ

˭ҶݣҲǮ£ֻܴˡҶС㲻ҪЩСһʶ

лޱ̲ס͡һЦ˳ͦǿ

ǼȻ֪ݲһ㣬Ϊʲôҽ飿

ҶҲЩ档ͷɫЩΡ

ֵǵóԷλˣ

ţǸǶǮҸ˫һвǮҳǮǶ࣬ǲһëҾͦʵġǾأԣתˡ

Ҷ̲ס͵۹⿴лޱˣ˵лޱʵǿԭԸҶͦ͵ģȫˮ

СͷǮ˴򽻵ѰǮΥ塱˼ɵǮ࣬ǲҪ־öԲסԼ

ҪǣǾȻС˵Ļͦеġ
74 ¼	

ǮǿǮˣȻҲǮˡ

һȺиһ˫ǮЩĶҲԽ硱ڣͰơ硱󣬴֪ܲȺµ뷨

ҶǻӵģǮ϶Ҫײ׵ĹϵûǮȥǣ

ǣС˵ĶԣǶһЩǮ͸ɻĽˣǮǣǾǮԼƽû⡣

лޱЦһЩ˵пЩ𣬿лҵ飬Щ˲ֻ뾡Ҷݴȥúõĥĥζϵ˸Լġ

ÿ˶ΪԼǶһ޶ģһ㣬лޱҲ⣬ƯҾãΪϽɼҲһֱ˼ֻϧλ֮Ȼ˵ֻͨǿһЩ

лޱʵ޷ܡ

תǮ֮лޱʹҶ뿪ˡ

磬ЩСǱô

ǮȺγѣǵﲻ𣬿Щδؾ͵𰡡

˵Ǵ򲻹͵ˡͷҲǹĺܣļֵһ𾪵ԼҴ磬û羹Ȼ˲ҪʱǲʶҶݣ֪Ҷж

ǿƯСжҲе㻨ȭȵı£˶һȺûһ˵ʧǲе㶪ˣ

ЩǮ˾Ͷ˰ɡ

ȥлҵ·ϣҶݽӵҶϣĵ绰ʲô˲ˣ

ǰʧˣݣ˵ǲʲô¼ˣ

Ҷϣŵ˵˵ЩĵģΪֻлޱҲˡ

Ҫȥ

Ҷݿ϶ᵣҶϣȥˡ

Ǿллˡ

лޱҲûͶҶݶ֣ôҲöΣ𽥽;˵ͦҶϣǱ˵ģлޱ;ܸйءͨôܺȻ˵Ͳˣ

˴һʧǰûнӴҲ֪ڽӴˣҲЩ档

Ҫȥϵϵܲܰæ

Ҷݲ̫ҶϣǱߵҶϣȻܶʱ򲻿ףһĴ඼ǴСһ浽ĸһʲô飬صҲû׵üĹϵ

ҶݹţҶϣΪһʱ֮伤¶ֲø˵ԾʹˡǲҪæģַֻȻ飬ҶݾеȤ

ɽǿԽ͵ģʿ˺ѿռ䣬һռֱӵһռ䡣øȺֻͨˣûı£᲻дǰʿĽƽ˼ҵʲôʲôطˣ

ȻҲпܸйء

Ҷ˵ʲôƻܣ𶼲󣬶ͨ׸ıġ

ҶݺлޱϵʱҶϣһȺֵܶûߣǸùĸҶˣһ޵øһƵģȥġ

ҶϣҶݣüС˵ǳ衭

˵Ҫǳ£ٻ᲻ҲʵĿ޵øʲôƵģҶϣһ˵һҿɲ㰡㿴޵ô٣Ϸ˭أҶȥˡҲǸɵӣŮˣת

ҶݷһۣԶٵ˽⣬˵Ļ顣

ԺȢ޿ɵ۾úÿˣҪʲô߰˶ؼңԺʧ𡣡

Ҷϣһ£ֿһۿ޵ϡﻩĺѵĺ裬ĵ۹ô

ᣬ˲ῴˡҶƳһۣԥ˵

⵹ʵҶûо飬ȴҲɽ粻ٵİ£ЩԳƵԹ¡ͱ˵رϹ÷СʦòҪҪȥǡħŮ㱻ħˡ

簡ֱǱ硣

⾿ô°ǲǸǼһôһ˳ˣǶû°

ŮЩȡ֡춼ȥˡλŮʿģ;УԼȻʧ˴µģǵ취Ѿȡ

Ҷݿһ£ûз쳣֮㲻˵˴һʧ𣿡

ǰۿģ˴һʧ٣밡ǵˣǵǹʱܿһ䣬ʵҲرߣһǧ׶ûУµɼʲôûС

ҶϣС˵ûûΣѵеͬȤòףǾ¶еΣ˵ûš

û˿˵Ծ͸Ҷݣû뵽ҶֱӾ͹ˡԴˣҶϣʮġ

ţûǹġ
75 ˴	

Ҷ˼Ҷϣķû¶ͨ˶ԵȷˣˤȥָҪˤǲʬ޴档

ôǸѾȥʲôط

ǷģѾȥѲˣҪҪʬ

ǸŮ˵Ŀ͸˲ӵĸƵģȻֹ˭˭ۣһꡣôߵ£˴һȥ˵ӻ֮һĿĻ֮ǧŰپʮŶǷˡ

ϾԼӣֲһ㶼ۡʵͦεġæûʱչ

һ⣬һֱӲεļҽʦ˯һԼӲԼռ˼ұˣȢ

˭֪ͥʦӸͦǢǵĸӷ¶ӶŸɡʵŮͲֻΪ˷ݣʮֳ죬ӱӰȡһתԶԶĿȥΪһ긾Ů

лޱս±߿˿еָߣܺǿԼ㣬ԱԼ濴һһžͲȻ˵ȥҿҶһѡлޱδɫЩҰס

лޱллҹ¶ûϵҪȻȥ

лޱĬƬ̣ҲǣԼĹϵлǣȥҲǼӵ⣬˵Ǵ¡Ҫ˵лޱҲǻá

ССͲѧãҲиȣǼѹԼǰС֮⻹ʲôлޱ֪ǿ޵û찵صʵǳܵļĸΪء

޵жİТӣ

Ȼ뷨𣬻Ǹء

ʵϣлޱҲȷˡ

ǺðɣȻȥˣǿԻȥ𣿡

лޱһҶϣȻе㲻İҶݽҶϣΪģܲԼĿĻûɣҶûˣ˭ȥ˰

תһ룬Ϊ֮ŮҶݲôùҶϣҶݵø粻ôӰɣ

ôһ룬лޱҲˡҾȻȥˡ

˵лޱԳûʲôͬ飬ֻеͬ¼ˣһ֪ǧС㣬ȻܲһʾûСȥ¸ĸԼİ˼ϣҵܡ

˵ޣ˭֪лޱʲô˼ôߵ£ֻһǧŲߣ˵ȥôܲʧʲôĵû˵£úõˣôȥ˿϶µ£ȥ

и᲻ȥˣ

ȥרҵ豸ɺˮҵ˵

Ǳ߻ǺܸģܵǸָɺڶ竱ĵĿ֮У¸Ȼδ֪§Ž޵ο

竣ԹܲԸؼңԸǸ׵ϹϰֵǮĴӻҲԸؼҡؼҸʲôϹҪƵ׵ͼĸమĶ˰

ԺŮԣ趼Ƕ񶾵ģȻϵȷвٺŮˣڸص£ŮܹǡԼֲǲΪʲôҪűŮĺӣԺҪԼĺƲ

еܿ͸еȴǿ͸ġܵ׵ڿ͸ġδˤ÷ˣԼƽʱߵýļӵҲû˵ʲô

ǰ޴¡ֻܸпԼֵá

ҪȥҶϣҲֵͦܵģֻǺѡһ滹Щġѳô飬ôҲԿһһһ档

ҲҪһ̡ҶͲˡһϵûС

ûеҪ

ҶҲȥǲʲôƣеĻҲֻµ£õôȥϾ޹ء˭֪Ҷϣ˳Ҷͻȥ֮ͽӵĵ绰

үүڵ绰ؼҡ

ҪҸһȥ

ҶϣһжҶϣãʮҶݹȥһöûУ϶ͨʲô;үүĶ棬Ҷϣ͸Ƶġ

ˣԺˣϾô飬ڳﶼֳˡҶϣʵһֱҶȫ˷Ե顣ôΣգʵԸܡκκԼϲ

˵˺ʹˣҳҲܲסԲûһֱڶˣҶϣ붼֪Լȥ֮ʲô

ȻջȥҶϣͱүүֹԺҶҲæһȰӣʲôԣ̫ΣˣҲ֪ǸѶˣȫʬҶҵĶ簡̰׷ͺڷ𣿡

ҶϣһֱüͷһŵŶӡ

ӣүү̵ĻԺǲ˰㲻ϲ飬趼㣬ֻҪ˺Լ飬͵ˣ
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ҶݾãҶҵ˻Ǹ˲ţȻһû

Ҷϣһ˸˵ͷˡܵҶݵ󣬡ǶҰɣܵһ⣬˳ű˼ҵĻأǲǶóˣ

ΪһһˣҶϣϾǲԼģû뵽ѳ飬ͱ⡣

ʵϣʵҲ⣬ֻǱôһ˵ƾʲôѽô⣬ָ⣬˵ϴʱһͷﱻأ

ѲɴҶϴˣ

ҶϣԼİжôΣաҶϣԣϲ͸öľϲ·Ͱһģ֮ӱʲôһ

Ϊʲô˾ݲİأ

ҶϣʵһǶȶҲĺܿ͸ÿ춼Ҫţÿ춼ҪԺ˯һΪſܱܱɱԷҭͲŲԷǺܲʵ顣

Ȼڴ˿ȷһȫİãʮΣյģҶϣʲôȤöһġ

Ҷע⵽ҶݣҶүӺҶ̫̫ŮûʲôøУϾСûһҲûʲô顣

ûøû£Ǹİһ

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ҶүüͷʵҶ̫̫˵ãȰȰ磬ҪˣҪǳʲô⣬ҶҵĸͶˡ

Ҳ̫̫һۿҶûƹŮҶû˵ɫ䵭Ҷ̫̫ɫһӾֳ

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̫̫Ǳ˲ӵĸƵģһӾˣɫЩڨڨġ

½ѩ̫̫Ĺϵһܲðɣ

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½ѩҲǵùԭ̫̫ҲúôҲһŹ㣬һֻ̥һŮֻҪҲûʲôһһӣ˭֪ûˡ

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Ҷ˼ĵ˵ͷûбκԭĶԹ𣬵ǻԭݣ˼ҲȽ١

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ҸϲôˣϲҸԲԲȣǲܲ˵ԺǶȲʲôеģ

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Ҷ̫̫ȫû뵽ƽʱֻҺҸԼǺŮȻԼǰ˵ôһѵĻ

̫̫ײоøһ޶ϵ飬Ҫء

ֻǶָָҶݣһ˵ˣҶϣҶݵĿͳױˡûǼҾһҵ֪

˭֪Ҳʵʵ˵ѡ

ϲһԼֵþͼ֣Ҫ׷ҶݿҶϣһۣߵ۾ԽȴСЩ⡣

ҪǰɵЩͽͽ˵ҪʲôԴԼȴȥȡ˼ҷֻҶ˱Ҷݿ϶ñӳǡ

ҶϣǲˣֻڻᣬļˣԼļ˶ٻǻһЩ˼ɵġϾҶݶԣҶǿп޵ģǷҶʲôˡҶݡʱҪһЩ

ǶҶϣԣЩ˶ǴС۰ˣҶѡ

֪ˡүү̣裬ˣҪȫǲܵ飬ĺϲϲⱲҶбϲĶˡһᱣԼעⰲȫԲǵĵġ

ܳ飬ʱҲȥֻȥǻʬһˣҲҪȥ

ҶϣⷬҶЩݡûûεĳСĳˡ

ǲԸһжΪҶݣҲòϣҶݸղ˵Ļ϶ҶϣҶ̫̫Щ⡣

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ҸˣϾͲؼҳԷˣʱ绰ϵ

˵꣬ҶϣҶݷһˡҶϣȻͲ󣬵ΪҶҵһ磬ֵµլӲ١

ʮ꣬үӾһױԾ㲻ҶңСҲеǵطȥҶϣҲʱʱҶˣҪȻ϶ᱻַըġ

ҶϣԼ˻൱˽ģǲô׷ˡҲȷΪãԻ᲻ͣ˵ġȶȥ˵ҶϣҲ֪ô졣

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ȥ¿ҶǣҶϣһӻͦõġǹ˵ֲǾ죬ȥǱ߸ʲô

ҵȷǿˣͬʱʧˣǽһԪռһֻҪ㵱ʱڳ϶ῴġ

ҶϣĬƬ̣ҲȷǲǿˡǶ˵˴ȥˡʲôûа

Ҷϣһ֪Ƿ꣬Ҳȷǻɡ˸ĶһҶϣЩԼ۾

Ҳ͸Ҷһ˵ˣҲ֪ôģ;ŵù

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ҶϣִˣȰȰģ˵һûѶ׹ˣҪǻҪͱˣǵܳ

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Ҳ˵ˣҲ֪ԸĥƤӶûõģ˵˰˵ԼǷǱЪˣҶݸһء

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ȥǵ׵ҲҹɣйŮĶ಻ð

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Ҷϣ˵ž͹Ҷ˶ľĵ绰ǱߣСöŮôô˵

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ҶǵǲֶֶŮ֮ǲʲôõ¶ô밡ֻǾЩ֡

ҶһˣȻ֪ҶҾҶϣһжҶȢǸŮϲ̨棬ǸӴҲûɶϢ

ȵҶϣ

ŮС͸Ҷϣùϵ

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û뵽ҶѾͷǸƢȻҶϣҲ̸ǰҲû˵ǹϵðľǵҲûôࡣ

˭֪أҶϣǻ磬˵Ҷúã裬㲻ɣҿɲа

ȻҰ׸磬ҲԼСЦľ൱ϧ˵ûءҶϣҶݹϵУһ㶼Ľʼɡ

ҽ㣬Ӿڼû취ϵã϶Ҫ˵˵ȰȰ

ǸţһľƢԽ˵ԽҡľԼұʮ˽ġҶǱŮ˵һûƢֻ̾һ

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ôߵ£ôȥҶϣվ±ߣоԼеΡ֪ԼȻпָߡ

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ҪȥǱߣǱС·ȥˣҪ죬Ǵרҵ豸ȥ

ҶϣҶһۣΪҶݿ϶Ӧ˭֪СѾͷһۣš

·߲˺ܶȻЩΪһ

Ҷϣ̲סһڿˮòɣУѾͷ

ҶЦЦ

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˵Ҳɷ˵ֱӾͽӵһͷ˨·ߵĴ档ȥҶϣֱɵˡ

ҵɵðҴˣǲˣʲôÿģܿ϶ǱЩˣ˵ҪиʲôôôҴ󲮽

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Ҷϣŵûһ㶼˽ðŮ˰ֱŮ񾭰˵ŮӶǶҶݵ衣Ůץپ͸µġ

ҶݵĵĴ󰡣޷찡ڿʼҶϣĶҶݹĿ࿴ˣررĿ࿴޲ù½н֡

ֵҶݳ£Լֲҿ±̫ݰһʲô飬Ǳ߾ˣǿ϶ɱҵģҪۻɣˣʲôÿģʵǲУô

Ӵҵѽⶼʲô¶

ò˵ҶݵıˢҶϣۣû˱뺷Ĺô뺷Ĺﻹá

Ҷϣһ㶼˲ҲԺֻһֱӴһֱӵ˽ŵס

ˣˣȥ

ĥĥȥҶϣ͸½ͥ˵绰˵飬½ͥǱֱӾͱըˡ޲ðҶϣֱӴȥ


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ҶϣѲ˸ϵȥѾͣҶϣ˵ˣҶϣҶ˵˳ܵҶܵ

½ͥû˵ʲô͵ԼܵԱҲ£½ͥŶԶԣȽרҵܿ£װҲҶϣķڷרҵҵɽõҶϣҲһ¿ĳ嶯

ƴĿסԼĳ嶯Ͼ˲ͣͣɡ

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±ߵ˲ֻЩȽۣͣͨ˸ˣҲҶݵӰ˾ȥأ

½ͥɱĻˣúõıþôûˣģ˾µȥˣҶĺۼֵģҶݾ͸ʧһʲôټûС

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Ҷûзֳˣֻ⵹Ǹ˽ĳܵԸЩϣܸҶϣΪСģ඼ĿȰߡ

ⶫǳҲǡšĺܡҲųʲôųܣʱˣ뿪ⶼпܵġ

Ҷͨ鱦ϸһռ䣬ռ仹ͦģ˵дڡ˵ĵطýƣԵҲġ

ͳѾ˽ˣʱ䳤ˣƳʲô⡣Ҷģµķ֮һʱӴƣͲˡ

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ԶԣҶݾȳܸһЩѹһЩ˷ܣҶݾԼھǾûмġС

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ռЩ֣ΧݲããһƬ˳֮ܵ⣬ʲôûСɽðվḻҶݲòɳ֮ûҲ·ˡ

ֽƿռ䣬Σս棬ôһ룬ҶݶԳܵЩͬ飬ҽռûбˤܾΪһʱҲزˣҲпܵġ

ҶݿǰŨŨȸߣŨȵûʲô̫ı仯ԤУŨķȥȻ͸оһ㵭Ĳ󷨳Ĳ

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ҶڼֱˮϰɽԣðգֱǸλ治ֵעǿ۵ĶΪֹڣطֻһͨС

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ҶݹϵȽϺõһ±ʦһ;һ˻ҴҵҶչڵĺ󱲣ȷǧڲû䣬Ȼɢˡ

ҶݾԼûʲôȱ㣬ȱܾ˵سŵɣȻǧꡣеӵĸоʵǲܡ
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Ҷȷʯ촷ۣɰ۵ĲУ˺þöûпʲôмֵĶǿһ˵ЬӡԶĺʵ˽ŲԷʮּ

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ҶݼܣҲʮϤȻǳܵģû뵽СӵͦġҲе㵹ù֮УҶⷢطСһֻ˵ǽˡ

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ϾʬôһԪռ棬ʵκһطǲҵʬġ

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ΪԼˣˣ֪϶ôֵĹ˭ô֪ԼȻѲôùΪһȵжߣܻΪԼСɽ֮ĵط

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ҪɣĳԽֻݵԽʶû㿪ʲô

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Ҷݿɲܳûб裬ʱҲûʲôֵĶϵޣһĴھ˸տƴյġ

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һǲԸ̤ķĹġ

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ԳҲûܳԺҪԺ۲һʱ䡣

ǧ꣬ôأЦŴȤ˵ﵹǾú֣澭ʲôһ㶼ǵˡ

ͺľ˯һһ

ˣܣ㾿ô£һʼû濴㣬ôȻֳˣ

ܵȻ֪Լ㲻Ȳ˵ҪʣǾֵ˿϶ҲҪ¼һӡûУĲ֪´ЦյȥʱҾ;ˣôߣ϶ˣҾιȥˡ

ѹˡ

㣬ûʲôˣҶϣ̬ţøŪˣȥô˽

ΪҶϣ֮ǰҶ˵Ҷ⼸ԼߣҶֶȻôģǸŮ˸ĮҶϣҲԼˣԻ졣

½ǱѾסˡ

ҹʱ½ͥһȺ˵ȥñ½ˣ½Ҷݵ̬ȻһЩı䣬һЩӡ˵Ǹٹ̵ġټ½۾Ҷܸ鷳һ¡

˵ʲô£½ʹ˲²⡣

½ͥҲû½۵˼Ͱܵ˵ˣ½۶ҶݵΪ൱ĲΪҶݾû¡

Ҷϣĺѳˣȥʲô֣½ͥһؼңסˡ½϶żˡ

½үӺ½̫̫ŮĶҪˣԴŮû֮½ҸҶҵˣرҶȢ˶֮󣬺½Ҳ֪Ҷ˽ϾûáҶݡ

ȷû½ѩʱˣҶǺӣ˼ҲˣҵĹϵҲ׽ˣҲΪŮӵĹϵãڻӣŮǾá

ںܵȥˣҲҲˣ½̫̫һֱӾ˹ȥ˼ʹ˱Ҳá

һȥicu½۾ͰҶݵϡ

ʲôˣûʲô˰

ܵļ䱻ҶݸĹһҶϣ˵ʲôˣһãӡûˡ

Ҳ֪˭еû»ܵȥ

ѹĵһ۾ǰûмˡ

Ҷϣʮֵʧ

ʱҶϣĵ绰һģʱ⡱һ߳ȥһ£˵ϣҶûиһ𰡣

ʱ绰ͱҶ̸˹ȥ

˵ʲô

Ҷݲ˸ʲôϵɱѧӵëŵˡ

ǱҶϣû˵ˣŴԼĶӣ˵ʲôأ˻ءֻòˡ

ﰡ̸˵ҪǸ绰˵֪ҶǸѾͷȥˣ٣ô֪ȥˣ鷳಻壬ǲ

ûУ̵Ĺӡ

ҶϣǾͳ˳飬ɫʮֵĸӣүү̶ŮһҶϣʵʮ

Ҫ˵Ůɣү̶ԶľǲġΨϲҶݡĸŵʱ򻹺һ㣬ԴӴĸȥ֮ү̶Ҷݵ̬Ⱦͱú֡

Ǳȶ˻硣

һ㣬Ҷϣһֱú֡

ҶֻһŮҲҶҵŮǴΨһһŮȻҶϣ˵Ǹĸһ˫ŮʵǴ󲮵ĺӣǴ󲮾ǹ½Ҳܳ顣

ҶҶҵ׵Ů

Ϊʲôү̶Ҷݻ̬أ

Ҷϣһֱ벻סҶϣȻƽʱҵǻһЩ֪ģҶദĲûͦ˼ġ

رôõĹǸϲĹǲܵ鰡

ôãֱð

̣ҶȷʵǸһ飬ҵøҴʵʵ˵

Ҷϣ⻰ͱˡ

ʲôʵʵ˵СӣĶأҸϽؼңؼ̸˵ɱ󲮺˵˵
82 Ҷ	

Ҷ̫̫һӾҶϣû

ϽһûУ

Ҷ̫̫Ҷϣͨ뺣ʲôʱԼһ

ҶϣʵҲ˽ү̻Ը֪ܸӲģСǲƴڻĹģҪ̫̫ñϻؼȥɡ

ԲܸӲġ

֪ˣҪǸҴ绰Ҿ˵֪̣裬Ǿͱˣֲĺӡ

ﻹҪæأҽԺ

һӵı֤Ҳ̫侲ʲôʲôҽԺôˣ

ңǸѣǸһˣ˻ţһ˶ûУҾ˵գôΣգ

Ҷϣһʱϡˣ˴¾ȻܻţжҶ̫̫ԼӦȥǼ˺úôǲǸƽˡҪȻҲȥһ

ʵҶϣԸǶ˽⣬Ҫǲܵ顣

˶˻ܻţ˲Ҫʲôƽһ׼ҲҶϣһ

ŶѲк󸣣ҸԷ

ҶϣܾˣΪףδѲз֣ʱˡҶϣֲǷˣûҵҶ֮ǰǲؼҵģⱻڼȥˡ

ô˵Ҷ̫̫Ҳû취ֻˡ

Ҷϣ͹Ҷ˵绰Ҷĺʹ˽ҶϣʱЩ飬Ȼúʹ󲮵ĹϵǺܺãñϾǴ󲮵Ů

óһ㶼ġ

е㺦½Ӵ󲮵ĵ绰Ǿ㺦ҲܲӰ

ϣ飬Ҷûиһ𣿡

Ҷӵ½Ǳߵ绰ʱʵﻹǲŵģҶѾͷһ񶼽ύ˲پеĺŮһҶǾ˫˫ͬģΪŮ˸еˡ

ɽ½ҺȻڵĵ绰˵Ҷݵ²ˣ

һҶѾͷǿǰҲˣôܹѰ϶飬ǰ죬ֶӸ绰˵ҶݸһԾʹ

Ҷϣ֧֧ģǰ鶼˵һ顣

˵֮󲻵Ҷ˵ͱ֤˵󲮣ģһҵҶݵģԼȥģӦòʲôΣգпǽͱϵĳһɽȥˣǱҲѰټµġ

ûҵӦò¡

ҶϣֻһһĽͣҲ֪ǰοԼǰοҶ

ҶҶݵЩ顣˵ʲôֱǺ֣úõܵȥʲô

ҶϣʱˡΪһ˴׹ȥˣµҲˣҶݾú֣ȥˣҸס

˵ҶϣҲЩڣ֪һסҶݣҲҪҶݺ½ͥһȷİȫڣﶼ֪

˵Ҳˣǲһš

ⶼʲô鰡

󲮣ģһҵΪֹһϢ͸绰Ըƽ

ҶǱߣ޶鷿͵ҶĻвµҶݿܳʲô飬˵ĸʲôƵġ

Ҷ˵绰Ȳȥ˶١

裬ү泤۰ҶǸС˿ܳˡ˵ʲô¡

ٵ۾ҲһӾ

ٱϾǴˣŮס¶ʱҪܣȥְ֡Ů˵ĲҪɷһ¡

پòôԼҲҶݵļĸҶݳʲô飬ҲȷҪһʡ͵һţ͵ɷ鷿档

ôˣһݣʲô飿

ʮȻ˵ԴǼ֮󣬶һֱŬ޸ҶĹϵ½ѩ᲻һĸ˾ǼҶϵ˿ӻΪ˿ӿ϶ǲܸҶַġ

ûӵʱ򻹺ãںӶôˣַ˶һôûУʮġҲһʮִŮˡ

ղˣҶô𣿡

ҶӸҲ׽Ͼ衭

ٴҶǰԼͼŮĹϵٺã֮鶯֮ĸҶ裬Ҷݸ׽Ӧõġ

⻰ȥⲻ󣬿Ǿ˼İҶݵԼŮǾԲ˵Ļġ

Ҳ飬ҲûΪҶ룬Ż˵Ļ

⺢ӳʲô飬ҵҲѰ

ȻҶһ;һŮˣĵΪԼŮġҶһԴˣ֮ǰԶн٣ҲûİѶٵ¡

Ͱ˵һ顣

ʲô˵ˣټԼɫȥЩ֡ΪóαװҶһʱ֮Ҳûעı飬ֻŮʡġ

˭֪ʲô
83 ׳ɺ	

ҶҲԹΪ½ѩ磬ŮȻЩ֣ȴҲĥĲˡҶܸҶҴôҶҵĺŮҶĺŮ

ҶܸҶ鷳ҶﵱȻֶǶϢŮԼܵȥˡ

Ҳûнרҵҹߣͳ٣ⲻϹ

Ҷ˵֮ĻġѾʮ˻飬ˣ

ҶҲ飬һԣҶϼŵҪҶݸ飬Ҳ˼ᷳ

ֻҪ֪ǸѾͷǻˡ

ٵġֱͨͨɲô룬ҶǻʮҪġҶݻţôҶҵļҲһ붼Ҷݵģֵϵˡ

ҶˣԺҶҶӵģ

ӵݲģֻҪҶǺϷķ޹ϵӺҶĸӸŮϵͳϣм̳Ȩ

ԽԽүҲվԼߡҪ齻ң

Ҷ˶һۣٲű߼ʵĽ˵ô˵ҲΪңǸŮ֮ĹϵֳģⲻȥҪĳʲô飬ҲûȥĽ㽻

Ҷɫࡣ

Ͱʼĩ˶٣һҶϣϵʽٱϾֻһŮˣҶԼһҶǱߵϢ



ҶҺ½ѪȷҶݴʱǸռִ˲ƣ

ߣҶǷһЩõĶռڵʱܺܳˣҶݷһЩͷĲƬʯĲΪȱܶԭĶǻ촷ۣǱͨĶֵһᡣ

Ҷݵռ滹һ꼴ݣһĹӣӿȥյģˡ

Ҷݵ۾һӾ

Ӳɽϴ𣿿תһ룬ҶݵЩ̫ˡǶ˱˵壬ϴЩãԼ壬ϴԾͱÿпˡ

ҶȰϴպã˵ûãŹϴ赤˵õϡ

ҲǸԼӳ顣

һҶʮ

õϴ֮ҶݾͲ˿ռ𶫣ռҪ֧Ųסˣæ˳֦棬һԾµ¡ײһˡ

ʲôˣ

ҶݣĲʱΪʲôµôˣ

ҶںҶϣڸʲôóֻһѾȥһ죬ֲҶϣżˣҶݻΪЩҶϣء˺Ȼ֮亰һҶݣģ

ҶһĪŶʱǡɿͱиɽҾͽȥǸɽ滹ͦģҾ˯ˡ

Է

mmp㵹˯㣬ǿ˺ܳʱ䣬ǸҶСӣ޵ֻ۾ɴˡ

˵ɽĶأ

Ҷݰ㶼飬档

ղôģ

Էרҵĵɽ˶Ա̧ۿһҶָǸɽ΢һʮСûκεķߣֱӴҶҵ˵Ӷô

˵ڵСﶼˣ

Էһ㻳ôȥǰˣǰɳ̲ϡԼǰһԽжûСתһ룬Է۾һӾ

Сϲɽ𣿡

ҶʮֳʵĻش˶Է⣬һɣǺϲ

Է

߰ɣø϶ˡûźšҶݻ˻ֻԷʱˣ֪˻żô˵ðҶöԷרҵĻֱ£Ŀɿڴ

ƿ⶯֣һ㶼ӣͲ֣Ҳǣ˼Сɱˣͽ־͸£лߣٶôȥǺ

Ҷϣ⼸Ҳؼˣ·Ūһסţż½ͥСʱȻСʱҲǣ鰡ҿ

ҶϣҲûϣڲҶݾҶݵʬ壬£Ҷϣôȥط϶ҪӰԺܵˡ

Ժ֮䣬һ

Ҷϣأ

Ҷϣһ飬ѵˣ



ҶݻúõĻţʧľǶˣӲˣǵװһĸӣΪˡ

ҶݱҶѵСʱŴ鷿ȻֽӵҶ̫̫ĵ绰ᣬͲοģԺҶϣһ
84 Ҷ	

ҶϣҶϣ⼸Ĳңһ߸׷ʣһ߶ͱ½ͥѵ̶ʱ˺ܶࡣ

ɰ̫̫ۻˡ

ҶݣԺϣһˣ˵ã㲻Ҫ硣

֮˼һŮȲҶϣһк߹ŮǲҶϣкᲢ۵ġҺγµҶϣҶϣˣ϶ưոݵġ

ҶҲưոݵġ

ԭܻһŭҶԼǸһ㲨ûУ̫̫ѻ˵꣬ģֱӵĻǼӵĻҶݶû¡

̣û뵽ô꣬ôԼ

ΪںҶҵˣȻҲҶ̫˵ҶݾҶݵȻҲᵱ

㣬˵ʲôҶ̫̫ȻòᣬҶֱӾ͹Ҷ˵绰һҶֱҶн鷿ҶݺȻ֮Щ巳ԭףСִͶ̥ȥˡ

أôһݻ鷳ҶǵҶլǱ߶ǳеײһȫᣬܲ˼ȥ

Ƿꡣ

ʲô취Щ𣿡

ͨ鱦һҲںЩˣ͵ǲڡ

˵ɣ˽㲻

ͨ鱦ʮֻĸҶݳıߣ˵ЭæֱѳҶңҪҶҵһһߣҶϾϵ뿪Ҷң

ĻҶ

Ҷϸ룬ͨ鱦˵ⶼͦף׵ĲƸԱ˶ԿǽǣɶҶݶʲôǡԭݣ½Ϻ½ѩĲƸ

ҶҵǵǮȫں

Եڶ죬ҶݾҶ븸Ůϵҷ̳Ȩ뿪Ҷҡ

ҶֱӾɵˡʵν븸ŮϵûзЧӦҶҪԼŮ˵ĻˣҪȥҪŮǲǲҪ

ð㲻ϵҲŮҲֻһŮ

ҶܻͣҶݵĿҶûÿĴж괢ѹǮ½ѩĲƲԼ½ϼŵĹɷݡ

ͣżԲˬҶûɰȻҶݲˣҶݵĶˡҶﻹҶϰ½ѩĹɷڵİٷ֮ʮĹȨÿȷֺ졣

ҶѾʮˣɷݵȨҶϵܲҲˣ˵ﻹ½ϵĹɷˡ

Ҷ֣ҶҪԼϾŮϵôһ취ûСһ㶼

ϾŮҶ侲֮¶˾ģǲֹɷݣԼһЩ˽ԺҲҪ˵Щʲô취أ



˵ĪڶĸˣҶݷ˼̳ȨҶҵһвԼӵ

ҶѪҲñֵ̫ˣôһҶķǳ˳ۡ˵ҶݶʱԷĲƸǶĸ˶ȴǱ׷Եе

ǶٲôࡣҪȰһȰġ

ҶݻǺӣôܸأ

û˺壬ҶԼҲˣԼǵģ˼ǵŮģô죿ծ¡Ƕôһ壬ԵҶرĿɶرί

ܣֻҪѧϵĸף޷ҶϾŮϵ

ٵɫˣֻϧҶûŶ٣ϵı顣Թ˵ģȻô˵ˣһ˼̳ȨзЧӦģԺҵĶһֶǵӡ

ŬٸҶӡҶ˳ļ̳ˡ

һӾͰҶ˵û޺ͶĽΪŮȷƽȵļ̳ȨүӺ̫̫Ǳȫһġ

ĺҪҶң˳ĻӣǻҶʲô¶

ٺ˵ͷ˵ǻѾǸˣҶǮһϿԸõҪһõĺӲôѡ

һֱſ͵׷Ҷݣ˵ľҪ޻ȽϵΪҶݸһ뿪˰ְʲôǡ

ĿǰûȫԼҶݵĲࡣ

뿪ҶңҶݻǸ߸ϵĴС𣿶ȲľͰѧУ￪ˡϣҶݲû⵽ʲô顣

вͬ

ҶʵҲͦģ˵͹ˣҶ˲裬˺кֲ֣ƢôŹ֡

ǣʵó˼ʽҲܹ

ޣ˵õĲһ
85 	

뷴ʵǲ֪˵ʲôã趡ѧı¾ǲܵ˵˵Ļ

һ䴿ġô˵˵Ļأ㳤ƯҪǵ˵˵Ļ³ˡ

Զǵ˵ҶݵĻ˳ͬѧǵĻͷ½ӣҶݴûѧУ˵õ飬ͬȼӵ֮ס

ǰû˹עѡ

ʱ˵ҶݵĻܺܿͻᱻע⵽ʱٱ֪Ҷݵã鷳ˣ޿ɲ鷳

ĿҶݵķȻ֮ȥˣõĪģ޺޵úü춼˯žڶҶѾҶϵˣѾҶҵˣһ뵽ˡ

Ҷݵķôûаְ֣Ҷݿܺܿŵ˹ѧУϲֻܸǰһֻһѧУһѧУ

ҶҲò鱦ˣֻҪ͸ˡ

ȻеĽǲûеҶݻǸǰһѾǶˣƺʶ˸ˡʱڸҶ̸

˵ܵȥˣ

ҶЦˣЭϢͦͨġƶʱЩΣЭΪĹٷ֯Ϣͨ϶ǲеģǹ׷ҶݲšҶǸռģȻЭصע

ʵһ˵Ȼע˵ľǶԳԱȫ˵һȷǼӡ

Ϊһҵ֮أ϶Ҫصġ

ҶݵûʱЭһЩֶҲ֪Ĳ뱻κ֪гȻԼİ취ҶݾûбҪ

һֱӣǰǳ½˵ʲôʲôؾҶߵģԣֻҪȷʵˣǸ˵ȷǱ˵ĻϣϵĹ䡣

õô

ǿԼı»ԴģƾԼı½ؾƾ»ɱػޣʲô

һ֮˴Ͳ±˿ӡһ˶͵͵Ŀӡ

ҶҲûƷ

ǣȥǸˣûʲô֡

ռһ֣Ǹռ伴ҲûʲôмֵĶҶû˵Цһ˵ûʲô֣ǾͱȻûʲô֡

Ҷݿһۣûʲô֣ǵ˾ͲҪһˣʲôΣա

Ʋ֪ɷ˵һ;ƽһ绰Ҷݵһˡͬµµ֮ʧˡƵʮֵĸӣҶݵʱһģһ

ܸܲ˵˵µʲô֣һ㷢ֶСǵ˵øǵú֣Ϊʲôôߵ˵ȥȻˣԡ

ǵ˼ǹң

ƵɫʱԽˡȻռҶݲܵõǰٷ֮ٵΣǼȻѾԼˣҲһ㶼ΡֻǣҶݵȽ⡣

Ҳûиκͬ˵ֻԼȥˡЭ˱ǴһЩͨû飬Щġ

Ҷ黹ûиƼƽϡ

˵Ҳһ㷢ֶûСֻҾֻһСֵ֣һᡣиȿռ䣬ʲôûС

ҶݴûԼı飬ʱȥЩ

ƵǾ̲ס˳顣ȿռ䣬ȻֻһС֣

exmЭһʲô³ԱƾԼֱһУǴɣ

ǿǽȿռˣ֪Ǹռ䲻̫ȶ龡ǴпܻΣա

ƵĿԽˡȿռķÿһζЭĴ飬û뵽ȻҶݾôƮƮ˵˳

Э֮опռߣ룬һȥȥͬ¡ҲûҶѯʡ

ѧҶֱӾȥ½ңΪҶҵ鷴ǰ½ҵˣԴӵ֪Ҷû֮½ϵһӾͺΪ˵ûˣһӾͺ

Ҷһᵽ½ҵˣůģĶõˣΪҶݡݣҲˡ˭ùأ⣬ܵطҪ˼ҵݡ

ȻˣǾ˼ҵݺúõĶԴõˡ

ÿ԰ҵϴƳɵҩλ˺úõĵ壬½үӺ½ֻ̫̫ͨˣ֮Ҳֻǳ꣬޲ֵľͷбʲôǲˡ

ǶԷ˶ԣҲ㹻ˣҶҲǶԵסˡ

½үӵӲʣȥ״̬ʮĺǳӡ½ҵ˲ܾôװױ۸ˣʲôҪϾŮϵģҶҸøݵһǮ٣
86 ίͰ	

һǳԸɷģ

ҪԳ˵ӣôԵסȥã

Ҷݻûſھүӵѵԭľ˾½ڣ½ޣ˶ҪͽȨ󣬿ǵͷߣˡ

үӿӾ

㻹ҵӣǻܸŮ̸̸˵˵˵ȥҲֵܣҴӻŮ˻أʲôã鶼첻ãҶǱô˵

Ҫǳ˿ҿ֮ôý

Ҳʲô취ջʲôҶұѸøĶ



үϲȳĺһ仰û˵ʮֹɵϴҶž̲סЦү˼

ʱҶݸĻǱһİȾˣůġ

⹫Ҿ˾˵ʲôأ˵ôʱ۲۰

ҶƿţԭһһҪǰ첻ͱҵүЦһ仨

ûʲôû£Щίˡ

һ㣬Ҷݵǲ֪ɷʵԴ½ѩ֮½ΪԭѾ㹻ˡҶݱϾҶҶҵĺӣҶҼҴҵģ½Ҫǲ˺ƤȻýŲš

֪ĻҶӶݲ¡

Ϊ˫ҪټԭԸִ֣ĸ̫ļƣԭ⻼СűȻ

ԭųһ㣬½״Ҳ˵ίҲڣԭѾˣΪԹ߿Ŀǵġ

ҲûҪ˵СĲǡ

ίҴ˾վû˸۸ˡ

үӸӸˣģ⹫ڣԲίȻ㲻ҶңԺס½ɡ½û˸۸㡣˭ҪǸ۸㣬⹫ԲĹ

˵ţүӾĿһ۶ӡ

½ˣίͰͣ˭˭ˣ

Ķ۸ΨһŮСﶼء

½ڱǸӲʵǸÿħ½ѩСͲ̫ãû֮ǰ½ĸ˲½ҲǵõöױһĸԼÿ

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үӵ˼ǣСί֪ߣָίء

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Ҷүӿɲ½ǲҲʧʲô棬ҪҶҵҲܵ𺦡

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ϵһֱֳľ׽ԼĶӡҶ뷨

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ǺðɡҶھǽԼʮĵط˳߶ϵߣΪ֪ȷʲô飬Ҷݵ̬ʮֲġһ㶼ż

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ҲһϵŮˣ˵Դ˻ҲûʲôЭĳԱûϸĵȼϵͷѵǿ໥ϣ໥ġ

һԱӦһԭµµĺѾˣˮոշ˻ȥˮûĹ·ˡҪµȥһ¡ֻǸո¹꣬·߱ˢĸɸɾ·ϵιˡ

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ҶݶԣռмֵĿܾöϴˣȻϴવģȥ͸ѾһҶݻǴпҩѾ㹻ˡ

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Ҷݷһۣ쿪Ŀɰء

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˵ʯҪȻôĩǸͬԽ˵Խҵֳܾ̽ĶȻҲУұˣ

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һ˫۾ܡ仰˵ɽ磬˿ͫȻǻһģڵǵסҲȫ

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ǸƣҲǸѰߡһռ߳ĬˣΪռߣڿռһ˵ռȶʵϣռһ㶼ȶΪΪռߣѾо˿ռ𶯡

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ֻǷһЩĩͲ²ܻҲһ飬Ҫȷ黹þĴЭ˺úõĿһ£ȷпǾЭһˡ

Ǹ߳ĬˣǸռҲѵõʮֳĬһӾˣֻнƻһ˷ܵţǸռĿԻЭһ¡ζŻߵʵõһʵķԾ

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ֻҪ߾ûвҪġп϶ܹ⿿ҩΪ̫׸ȡһֻҪ߲߻߶һġ

췿ӣĲȣһζשͷ̮һ죬ֻаѸãשͷȥܹʵķӡ

ƻѾˣռдĿҲһܹõȻҪȥ鿴˵еĿǲĴڣڣǾͲֵǻʲôʱ;

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Ȼ˵˵ĻǺܺҲĻƯµСﻹϲġȻС˵Ļ˲ôϲ
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ߺȻ֮ɽ鱬Ǽ˿϶޷ס棬Ͼǳȷ飬òųֵģȻרŽ鿴飬һİ⡣

ྩıֽиý徺౨ྩνĴ꣬˵δʮΡྩȷǺܴ󣬵ֳû꣬ĺۼûУǳǽȴǴ꣬˺ˮǺټġ

ܺһѵ֪飬ʱŻˣǾڽԼѣôǸطͳô飿

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ǳܲţúúõģһ˶ûСҽԺģˣӳʲô⡣Ͼµµ飬һ֪

ǹˤԴһֱԼʲôëûУûš

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ܲɵӣ΢ҲˣĬĬΪҶϣĸûʲôϵô˾Ͱڼˡ

һȺ˺ܿת˻⣬Ȼ֪Ҷϣܲң˵ҲѱԼҸĸʱڲʰǡ˵˵ţҲͳĬˡ

ҶǱߣֻЭЭô죿

½һȥˣԸԼҸһʧҲҪҶһ½ܻȥãҶҿ᲻áΪһСһʮ޴顣ȻҶԸ˼̳ȨҶҶݵĻҶݵġ

ĸŲǻӻǷǻӣŮҲм̳ȨҲҶҵһ̬ȡ

½Ҷʾ֮ȻʮָˣҶʮΡţĲҪǼҵĶĶǾ㹻ˡ

½ŵѾöˣ˵Ҳʮ㡣

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½ץҶݵ֣Դǵ˵Ůߵߣ⹫ſ϶ίԲҪҶҲܲҪһֲ㡣

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Ҿϲţһ𡣡

½ˣЦøӸˡԣԡ͸ŮͺǿԼŵŮ½һ󴥶

ҶݵĲ󣬲½ҵ˻мǸΣϾǰģԸΪ֮ҶѾˡ
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ҶľǾܵߡǰҶݵȷ˱Ͼиġ

˶⣬Ҳٸ˼ҸġƷˡ

ҶǱʾ֮Ҷү½Ҷˡ½үӵӲһЩҲ̸֪ʲôҶݾ½үӵʮʮֲ

Ϊȡʲô档

Ҷʱӵĸжˡ



лޱǱѾмʱûҶˣҶҲæ鶤黹һͷˮһûСҶæź½Ҷҩģϴҩ١

ǻҪĸҩƲܹЧѰһζҩĻѵҶݣɽ缸ӲһĶطȻû˵

ҶݵһεҩȥҩģҪܱ˿ɵһĿ⡣

СǲǼǴ˵ҩĵˣҩûСҽô꣬Ҷû˵ҲпҹªˡҪȻȥҩ

˺üҩõĶǲĻشƢһľ͸˵ҩû˵һЩƢõģǹ⵽ҩġ

һеҩĿԲҶ룬ûΪطһҩĵֶһ

ҩĵӣҼСܳȥҡ

˵һֵֺĲݣ

ҶСһ̬Ҷ˵ˡΪԭԸȽϡϬҶСȻԭͬġı䡱ҲǱϾҶءƽʱҲôҸҶ˵

ҶѧУ漸ǡײβϿʱ䣬ʱ䶼ǲӰġҲŵ˹ҪѧУһѧϰôģ϶ᱻʦе칫Һݺݵһ١

Ͼ߿ǡǧľšԼŬָ˭

ŵ˹һһѧУѧУѧܶʦǲҲǡ

Ըĺ㲻˵ҲʮŬҪǺԼԸ⣬Ҳû취رЩȨƵļҳԼվԼߣҪҪϸһʦԵöˡ

Ҷݵİν¹㣬š»ϲվѧԡ

Ȼѧǲ𣬲һΪ࣬ӵܶʮϽġٳɼȫͲġ

¹Լһ飬Ǿץ

»һǳεİΣЩѧڼǲѾδ޻δˣǼ飬ΪһʦҲܲšѧУѧҪѧϰ

ҪһЩеûģӰҲá

˵ǰã»ץһС£칫ˣȻһѧ黹ǸȫѧһӰ

Ͼǿڰ칫ұ̸˼Сʱġġ

ҪΪĻ䣬ʦص֪ģֱֲ˦ˡôأֻˡ

ҶôעЩڰ϶Ȼܶպ޲

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ҶСҶݱܵĻЩη壬ôСǲýӽҲ̫˵ʲôŶ

ҶݻͷһۣҶСʶһûûУңҵ˼ȥͼݿֲֲᡭ

Ҷ۾ʱһȻУǲķ治У˵ԴĹɺĻǲģڶ鼮Թ˲ο

ҶС˵꣬Լλȥˡ

ҶҲû˵ʲôҶС˻ǵСһ㡣Ҷݾֱȥͼȥֲ﷽飬ǿļһҳһҳķȥ˺һֲ־ڽҵԼϤһֲ

ԭڵ棬ݡҶԭǳ½СҶֲôʱ䶼ûҵҶϸˡݡؽܣΪϡٵԵʣĽܲࡣ

ҪǶҪʮֵĿ̡

ҪԸɾĻĵȾأԾġ֡ˡҶݣ

Ȼ伮˵ûУǲһûоݡȥңķ֡ɽȾ٣ǿһԡ

Ҷڵѧݣܳʱ涺

ҶȥԼûʱ䲻ûʱ䡣ֻҪǮܹȥҡҵ֮ǰֻҩˡ

ɽҩǰٿ۵ĶŵĵǶϡ䱦˵ձĽۡʮ˰˸ǽۡһۼֻҪһöС컯ܸ㶨

ֻҪٳֵļС컯ܹ˵ˡǵûʲôֻͨҩĴ棬һЧͲܶࡣ

ԽСС컯
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ҩĵԱԣ΢һ£ûˣ֮ǰλȫˣҲ֪ôƾ׼ʲôġԱЩһѾʵ벻ףƾⶫȷǺá

Ƣ򣬿ҩⶫҲܵ԰һӾͰǵĻƾȫߣ

ҶҲסˣͷ˶ڻƾֲǻƽŪ˰ɣ

ҩûУҶֻܻҵ꣬ڻƾҪǺܴ˳ˡ

ãлƾ𣿡ʱҶһͦȵġҶݺתȥͿһ˺۾ǵԱԱûƤˡ

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죬ңȫҪ

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ԱЩģǲɹ𣿡

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ãáԱ˵ʲôֻܸϽһĵĸϰ巢΢˵ƾ㲻ʲôصҩģгҲرߣҲǺܴ

ԳƵʮ쳣ˡԵԱҲ飬֪ĻΪٵģò

һʼһˣͺ׻εĸоóǮɿǼٳ

һӣԱֲҲҪ

Ҷվһ߿֡˵ЩԾǱʲôסһҶҲͬûףʲô˻һɵƾֲǻƽҶݾڱϺúõĿ֡

ǻؼҵʱôżˡ

һһˣһ鳮ҩϰ塣ЩǮȫģǵĻƾ˳ȥˣϰ͵Աһ±ơȫô¡

ȥķֵһ£ûһֵƾǲҲƵ

ҩϰ˵Աæֻϵͬ£еĵͬ˵ȷҲеĵû

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ҶĵĸǸһ˷ܵһƾˣȥ˽˽֮Ϳʼ߶߶˵˵һһˣȻιȥˡ˰Ǵƾ֮׼뿪Ȼɫһ䡣

ʲôˣ

ȻˣҶҲͲˣ˭֪Ƕɫһ䣬Ѹһ꣬ˡ

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ǿȥü۵ѹͲˣȥһֻΡӡ˵ʵҲҶݵһڵǿ֡ǳ½˵ǻڵĴΪߡ

Ҷһ۾Ϳˡ

λҶҲˡΪλһֶ͡ǳ½һСʲһ¶ǵĻᶼûС

ֻһҰ޶һЩ飬ȴûǡܻΣܹεǶ߳磬ʿɵѵĴ

ǴԣпֻһȵġСܡ

Ҷһ·׷٣ҵϳҲǾĲˣ˦ҶݣҲȦˣצӾ˹

Ҷһ˹ȥΰСʮԼǿҶȻһСȴôöԸġȻЩŭ

ҿܹϷǼǵĺ֣Ҿʲô

ҶݸӸȤˣܹ

һСģҲͣ¹úõĸҶ˵Ҿƾһ𣿡

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Ҷûû˵ļ¼֪ԻƾɣҲǶһѵҲˣ

ҿǲҪٸˣٸңҿҪģ˻ȭͷв˵

ⶼһԸ˵֤𣿡

ܻϴִӻһ֤ӸҶݣȻһĻƾϷš

ҶݴǱ֤һȲ֤յȷεģϸļƽҶݵɫԽû

Ҿ˵ҿһҸʲô

㲻֪ƾһǮĴϴֵģѾƻг𣿡Ҷݹһ˵ȻΪʲôԼȥ򣬷ƻȥأ

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Ҫǲ˵ô㡣

ӹ๾ֱת۵ЩԾǹˣ
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Թˣǵ࣬ϾҲ桰֤ģµ飬˿˸˰ƾ֮⣬Ҳû顣

Ҫ¶ҲǴһżѧģ֪٣ҪԼⲻᱻͬʱѧȥ

ò˵൱ǻʶġ

Ҿ˸ҩôˣһˣ

һôһ޼ɵĸоˡ߹Ĺ涨߲ܹʵͬһ롣Ҷݷˣߣǡԭڵǳ½źܴ𣬾ͺñֻܹ仯Σһ츳ܹһ̶ȵĹƻİˡ

û

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ŪĽҰ⣬һ˱˸Σ

ɴС۾һ˫С۾ȻСȴʮͰ͵ģģĶôأ

㲻ţڻȥץĴӵתмְŰɣȻ飬ȴҶݡƻҶݵϣֻôӦˡ

Уһȥܲ˳顣˵⻰ʱΪ顣Ҳ֪ǲǱߵ˵ùı˶ˣϵ·ˡ



ڵ˰ôôأûûɹ顭

Ҷﵹһ㶼֣Ϊ֪Ū˴ʵĽƾȻƾļ۸񲻸ߣҲܲסڶ࣬ϵǮࡣҩܣôҩģ벻˹עѡ

һһԷεڻĽҰҲûģֻǱȶˣԾͰ·ˣ˭֪ҵǮԼٵĺö

˾ͱȽϲˡ

ɫЩΡ

СҲʮֽƻʮİգǲ¡ϾҲ֪ԼмＸЭô˱۵úܡЭѳ֡

ЩࡱֻҪҲܹȡϷġ֤ڽȫҪĻᱻץȡǱ˷֮󱻡նħ

ҲһԼҩĵһԭһԭԼ֮ǰҲ˵ˣͬΪ޵Щ˰ֶθѧˡ

ΪԼߡɲ⡣

˵ģ׻ڨڨģ֪ˣ´һע⡣ûзǱһЩǮơǴƵģһЩǮƻ׵ġҺû

ˣǲģܹΪҲܡһҰͻȥˡ

ҶҲûţʮֺĵĸǱ˵һ飬ǱһȺģȺʮֵжͽ߹Ⱥ˹ƶΪһжȺΪȺ˶ߡ

ҲЭĸ֮ˡ

ƽʱʲôȺ˵һ¾Ϳˡ

Ҷû̫Ͱ¶˵һ£˳ָȥùԱһûʲôǰʲôġǰѹ˸סˡ

ʵĻҲӣϾһЩˡЩֶβʺϣ𷴵ԿɵĻټϺõĸ²ˣټҲЩߵ£ˡ

ǾãЭǵġҡϾΪٷһطܹӻǣһ̶ϣ˵ǵļҲΪԶԱٻǻȥӴġ

ԱһҶôͰһ£ȷһֻɾһ꣬ҲһˣԴӵǼǵ֮ûʲôԭԵĴ

ԹķҶݶĴõ

ΪҶݻһֱȺϢʵûУ˼֮ҶݾˣҪȥС컯½ϵĲ󲻵áֵҩǰҶݣǿ˳ģȥôͽ׵ĵҩ

Ҳ˲ʲôˣСʲôûУһССĸҩݶ죬С컯ҩĶҲǷ˾ţ֮ġ

ҶݸϧЩҩġ

ûרĻ𣬾ֻ÷ĿˣҶݸģÿһҩĶ־޳ĸɸɾ

ȻٰձԼȺ˳ÿһҩĽһ˵ĸԣҩҲƢģȺ˳нģȷ˵ҵҩľ͵ҪµҩĺţԺҩںϵһȻҩ෴ҩֱӾܽһҩˡ

㲻ˣҩҲȫûˡ

ΪҩãҶݸСľԹ̲ûгҶ˳ƳһƿС컯
95 ͬѧ	

ҶҲ⣬ԭĳɵʣССС컯˵ӦȫƳɹǡ

һҩģȴֻһƿҶݵҲƻˡ

ˣҶҲòİƿҩСĵװã뻹Ǳʰãյ½ͥĵ绰½ͥ绰ʲô飬ҶݻؼȥԷ

ΪŮչţãȻҲ˺ܶ࣬ѾؼˡҶĸķ棬ճţȴһˣҶûʲôӡȴüͷͣ

һתǰҶݣ

ǣ

㲻ϵˣҲǣǳͬѧ

ЩԭҶݴСðݣͬѧĿеŮȻŵ˹гУҶݳвŵ˹ģһʹУǸʱ½ѩỹûйԭȻһܳС

ȻԸЩȴôġΪƯò˵Ư˾Ȩġ

ֻҪһЩŭԹ飬Ǻѻ𹫷ߵġһСϲקͷ·

𿴵˸дѧЩһģǳеʱ򻹲һϲקСͷ·ҶһС

ôһ˵Ҷݵˣǹܣ

һ۾ʱ㲻Ǿ˵𣿡ҶݼʵǸܵʱӼˣŮȻǵԼ飬ǲǴŮʵԼôһЩĹעأ

ʵһ˲֪浽ָ˼ңӺС͸ͳȥܹĸߵȽȥˣڸ߿߿Ļ治رҪ

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͸Ҷ࣬кܶͬѧѾ˹ѧ߿μˣȻЩ̣Ǹ߿ȷֻͨѧһսһ΢еҵ׵ѧԶֻһѡѡ

ֻôһѡ

ⲻǻϰ˵Ҫͬѧᣬ٣𣿡

Ҷü룬бҵŵ꣬ȸ߿֮þˣҲǣʱȥĲʱ򣬴Ҷǵñ˴ˣʱһ˭ǵĳͬѧ

ŹڴĿ⣬Ҷݶ˶٣ҵʱ˵ɣҶݽ촩ǰ׳ţп㣬мһûУҲֹһ˫۾췢ˡ

ڹЩ꣬鿪ŵ椣͵Ŀһ㶼ûܻ䣬ȻУȴû˾ñַˡ

ҶݾܾˣЩʧѽҺþöûˣ㲻֪ǰöڹͬѧ˵Ϣˣûˣ

˵ţֿһҶ󣬡סɰҼСҲзҰԼѡȻסҡ

ˮ¥̨ʲôϲˡҶɱȳǻӺÿˣǻٺÿҲһûİСѾͷĶһ͸һ使εõƵġ

ǵͷֱ

ҶݵļҲ¸ĸ᲻ӦԽԽԼӦ

һ

סҡ

ԲЩʧȻѾعˣԺ϶ҲҪġΪĿγ̺͹ȫһμӹڵĸ߿ǻֱӽ׾

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ŶԭͬѧԺϵ

װʮģ漴뵽ҶݲûСѾͷ˼½ҲǸ˼ңҶҲǣ½һ׷С׷ҶݣǹҲڱ׵ġ

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ҪȢؼңַӸñĽࡣ

ҶݶԣżֻһССĲûзϡȻص½ңͿ½үӺ½̫̫ʮдĩ˵һܳȥˣݰҪʲôҪֻܸ˵

СӷǸŮȶġ

½ź˵½΢΢ƲƲȴһ仰û˵΢΢ЩȻҶݸı࣬Ҷʲôطõġ

ô͵½ŵˣ

ˣ˵ͺؼҵǸСӶ˻Լ

½үӺȻ֮˵ؼǱǸʲô˵

ʵ˵֪ҶҺ½û½ѩȥˣؼҲ᲻лԼ
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֮ΪҶϾҪбҵˣΪԶؼҺҶһԼҶݸбҵˣ¶Ҳгˡ

Ҳ½ҵ̬ȣǸҶݳء

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Ůһ򲻸Ȥ

Ȥһʹ죬Ҷ֪ⲻܣĸܴù˴

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ҶҲ㻵ףǼɵ½ҵĴڣ̫ҶݣҪȻ½үͷˡ

ʱ½ͥӵһ绰ɫһӾЩÿˣʲôȫ˵Ŀⶼ½ͥϣվȥ绰ȥˣʣµȻ

ҶĬĬĳԷȳ˷˵½ͥĹ˾ʧˣ½ͥԼһֹ˾ǻȦģȦˮǺǮҲ½ΪܣЩһֱûʲô⡣

˭֪˾ͳô⡣

һ˵һˣֻԭõһӺȻ֮־ˣ½ͥŪһ鶼ûˣ½һҪĵط꣬ƫԼҵˡ

½·ģȻȦʮֲһүӷˣҲֻӹܽסˡ

ˣ˵䣬ûͥҲ֪ôͿ˳ۣ粻ء

̫̫ɰ㶼û飬Ҷݺ½ĬĬİǷװԼڡҶݲܶ½ͥ޶ԡ

˷֮˵½ͥȥ˹˾ʱҲûȰԼĵҩ½үӻ½̫̫͹ȥ˵

⣬ʲô

½үӺ̫̫ȻôʣȴůģԴŮ֮ŮҲ׽ƽʱ׶ᵽ½֪Ӷĸ׵ĸ̫µ½Ҵ飬Ĳ½ҡ

ôһ룬Ӿͳ֮顣

ԲҶݸʲôֻҪҶݸģ϶ˡǡ˾ĳСС첻ҵǶÿɰ

һûˣǾҵҵҲֲϲҲҶƽʱҶҶϸǰյԭ

ҶҶŮأϲϲԼûκεʧ

Ҷݲȥί

Դ⹫ŷ֮ҾҩûרҲûоļҩҵģҩҲԶŵġ⹫ŰҰҩȥȷûк֮һר

ȻҪǣЩҩרΪ⹫Ƶģǵаȷ޺֮Ҫá

½үӺ̫̫һۣʮָжȲ˵ҩΣŮʮѵá

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Ļ飬ĶҲöϵġ

㣬ͳԡ

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ʲô˽ôǸ˭ʲôĿģΪʲôҪЩⶼʮ˻ɵ顣

½үӵǲҶûо͸ҩʲô⣬ڹԼ򸾵ŮҲûʲô

ҲȷûûˡԼʮ½ү֮ǰҲʺ顣

½ͥ½Сرĵģ½ڷ˲ٳ֣½Ȼףɶϱȴһ˷ĵģ˭ԼĶӡ

ǲΪ˾ƶߣǶϱɶöʮģ½̫̫ıģŮ

ıϾһ㡣󣬹ûȫҶݣٲúҪίҲ⹫뷨ϵĹϵ˷޹ϵѹϵ֮⣬ܵĹϵѪԵΪŦġ

ѪԵϵ֮⣬ȻûԵ޹ʵİͺޣϷʮĬĿʼΪŮĽˡ

ֻҪҵһõˣعҲԸĺܣϾ½ҵĴڱҶǿĺܡ

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97 Ĳ	

½үʵǲ֪˵ʲôãȰѾˣҿôӣҲЩĲ̡

½үˣȽԣȻľͱ̫̫ࡣԼŮẦԼŮں⺦ϲģҲ˵ʲô

ԼԼʮнľҲϾҪˡ

ˣŮҲɡ

ôŰɣô

½үӾͿ̫̫һ˺ںҩ裬һһѾĶ̫̫ҶŶϵģ̲סЦЦ

κ½үеֵûзС˵дʹү̫̫ǵĵҩȻ֮кȻ»ûз

ֻ̫̫ҩ軬ľ͸һһӾĺ棬һůֻûůģ͸ȵůĻƾһ¶̹ˡ

С컯ϴ赤ҶҲľӢ䣬ΪүӺ̫̫ͱϾˣֻǷˣһӸǷϴ赤ĻֱҪġ

ϴ赤ǷϴģڵųȥȻ٣ϴĹʮֵʹࡣܾѾȲˣһʹֱӶˡ

컯һֵҩҲʮֵİԵ޲˵Ļ壬ٽΪͨҩƵС컯ҩЧͱȲ컯Ҳܹͨܵǿȡ

ֻҪϰһƿС컯ˣ꼸ʮꡣ

Զͣȫ⡣

ô

˵Ҷ뷨Ҳ֪ò²۵ͨ鱦̲ס²Լ˰װơҲСãҪȻԼ˵ݣ˼óС컯

ЩǷĻͨ鱦û˵ˡϾԼҲ֪Ҫģ˵ӡû֪ԼǷǳǳġ

ͨ鱦ǵǳ½ʱиӱ²ԼһûŮζڱԵʱԼ˲˼ҵ·ȫˣλӵﻹаŮζԣ

Ҳһ˲ǣ

ǻůģҲôˣҩˣ̫̫۾ʱ֪ǲǴ½үܾ̫̫۾ƺ࣬Լɼʱķɡ

½үӺ½̫̫һǿģһķˣ໥֣໥ص߹˼ʮ꣬ҲûֹʲôìܣҲǵΨһһŮ½ѩʱ̫̫үΪһˣһ㡣

Ϊүûбֳʹģ̫̫Ǻ˺ü졣

ֱһΣ̫̫үӰ͵͵ŮƬĨᣬϷźͺá

үӰŰɣۼûгʲô쳣˼ȥҲҲԣĽһߣҲûʲôⱾǼƻڵ顣

ԥƬ̣Ҳ̷һöȥ

ҶҲżͣүԼعζʵ⹫ôţ

֪ǲǴҾǼݺƯˣͷӣҵϻۺࡣ

ֿ̫̫һүӣ͵ؾүϵƺҲǳࡣ

⹫ţϾƳҩȷʵЧĻԺлᡣһǽһרٿܲŪұ䷽

½үӱϾˣһ⻰۾ĸһҩϡʮʱҲܹ˸ܵЧҶ˵Ļ½үʮֵˡ

ȷĶ½ҪǲܵģңܹõȥҪȻҩﶼעĿɡ

ҶСС;뵽һ㣬½үʮֵĸˡò½ҵѾͷʱ½үӵȻȥɱҶҡֲǹŴ½ѩǸǳ޵ģҲŮҲ½ҵѪ

˵½Ҳû

ҪҶݵһؽүӾСԺ󲻼򵥡С½үӾͻ̲סԼŵŮѩӾ̫һЩܸҶһԸǿӲһЩҲʲô鶼

ˡ

ôһ룬˶Щꡣתһ룬½үӵԽĺɫ⹫˵ȥȥרȻȥҹֱԹɷݵʽɡ

½ү˵ģȻԼԿ½ҲˣϵڣصҲ½ӡ

үӻ˼Ҷֱҩɣ½ң˼ͺˣ½ṵ̂ī˼ҪǻҶˣֻº޲ðҶݸƲɾԼռҩźá

˺֮ĲࡣҶůģ̲ס˵

⹫ôңϹĥҩ

ɵѾͷҩ϶Чģ⹫Żô꣬ԹôҩҩҩƫʲôûԹûҩõġ

ҩЧ̫ˣȥĵϡһ£ҩΪЧҩһЩˡ

½үһ˿⣬ʮ־˵
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Ϊһϼ޻ˣ½үӵȻһҪĶࡣʵϣҶ˵ҩӵĲʱģҩֵǡ

֮ǸоӲͬ

Ҷݱû룬½үӵˡȻС컯ûʲôãǶЭȺδûá

ҶҲɵЭΪĹٷ֯ȨûС½ұϾֻ̻ǺţҪǴһġ

ֻһҩҲͰˣ־ҩǲһģһùҰѳţԽλ߾Խϧ

͸ɵЩһȻΪˣ˭ꣿЭ׼ûʱ˭ҪҩҶݵĹϵͲˣֻҪṩҩˡ

óҩֻҪһķֳɣǻһЩҪĶ治ܾ

Щү˵үߴ㣬ҶǱҲܹ˴һкǶ˳顣

һж⹫İš

Ҷʮֹɣ½үӶʱӼˣҪóһöҩȥ飬Чҩ裬ȨĻ飬ҵĳϾǼҩһȷЧˣǾţˡ

½үӴô꣬ô򵥵ĵʮġү˳һöҩȥԼŵùļ֮󣬻ͷһʮּ顣

̫̫ԭ׵ͷȻһƬ½̫̫ƽʱȾҲʲôƤһڽ³ݷʽʱЩӦǹƽʱÿȥݵʱ

ǰ½ѩʱ򻤷ƷҲǵøһ㡣

ţϵƶࡣ½үӾˡ

½̫̫ΪԼлأ㿴ʲô쾫رãҸջ˯һͷӣ㲻ǰѶȥ𣿡½̫̫˵ţŤͷȥ㶵ͷӣȻ֮䷢ͷӵͷࡣ

ͷӣͷһЩȥȾȥˣ

½үҲһ㶣Ǹܿ뵽һ⣬ΪʲôӻǲȥȾͷȥˣƢĲ࣬ƽʱעشԼԶȥȾ֮顣

½үǾԼǸүǶȻûбҪŪЩתĺܿ죬Լӳסһģ

ԣŮǿҩ裬ҲʼɣһҩüֱҪˡ

˵ǲݸǳԵҩ̫̫תһ룬뵽ĳܣ۾һӾˣ˵أþöû˯ôõľˣһô;þٱأ

ȴԭҩˣ½̫̫ûô࣬͸ˣͣʲôø˸˵أ

˵һʼڵȷǲ̫ϣҪһģ⣬ǣңǣҾҶݡ

ǲܶԲŮ֮󻹶ԲסŮڸоԼɿ࣬ȻǸˡ

ŮΪ飬е޵ݡ

˵Ҷݶԣҩһ㣬Ҫ򲻸ʵҩʮּ򵥡½үӷ˲֪

ôҩݿ϶׼˺ܳʱ䣬רǵĲ׼ġ

Ҫ֪һҩҪķѴҶֻһʮСʲôʱʼоҩأ

ڼֳ˶ٿ࣬˶ί

붼ӯȫ֪ԲʲôҶʱѾ뿪½ˡ



һ磬ȥҩȥˣ½ҵƿҩҪڰɣС컯ҶݻһЩСشС֮ġ

֮ǰ½ڵķӦˣȻĵҩûƣƵһЩ򵥵ҩϵ˶ԣر

ڣҶݶϴ赤ԥ˺ܳʱ䡣

С컯СشȵҩõĶͨҩģҩЧѾ˾ˣϴ赤һöϴ

˵öϴ˲٣Ҳʵʵ

֮ҶݾЩҩӦãΪЩ߶ֱʯôЩҩƳĵҩӦҲӦá

ԴҶݵЩģûҲνϾϻͨ˱Ƚ϶࣬òЩ߲ͨõõġȻҶݱҲûЩҩıǮơ

ǮƲ˳ġ

ܹǱ߳Ʋҵһͬ³һ֮˵ʮأۿžҪˡ

߸һȻͨ˱ǶʮǿĴڣɲǲϲġҲѪûмʱεĻҲǻ̵ġͬ¾˱ȽΣյ

˵ҶϴôһƣҲֵˣֵļ̳ȻֵĹǹ;޴󣬾͸͹ĹһʮֵײУһƾͰǸͬ¸ķ˳ȥ
99 ŵҩ	

ͬ´Ѫڵһ붼ˡ

޸ҲһܵǿȲ޸ٶȱȲϻٶȡ˶Ƿˡ

ܹǱҲһĪչǳ˽˸飬ǹϣͬ顣ǳȷǻķա

뵤ʦǱô˵

ˣڻɢһҡҡͷһĳʹȻλ˵ʮֵءҶ˵ҪǮþʯΪͬµӪأһ

ǲܵ顣

ÿһ߽һʼᷢһЩʣЩŵĸʲʽֻƽʱҪҪһңҪԼȥȥȡԴ

Ͼ͸һҲҪʯģҶݷνľʯʵʯʯ˻֣̺ǳ١

ܹôͬ£ÿȻ̫ľǺܶ黹ǵðչ

ÿһ˳ˣͲϧһд۾ˣֻͨҩͨ˵ͨҩҽֶΣһ˲ŵȷֵ㾡һԴǹؼߣͨҽֶѹЧ

ߵЩֶΣ̫ˣҲƽĲ𡣵ȻԼһԴǹҲǹܲŵġ

һЩ߸еĺص־ǱȻĽÿ˵ʮ˭رǵزˣ˭žܱͨҪࡣ

һһЩը칦ܡԱͨ˻ĸһЩϾǵ˽̫ע

ֻҪΣС£ٷ˵ģֻǸĴҪһЩٷͲԸˡ

Ҷһǿ޹üͷ̲ס壬Ůô£

ʵ֪ĵ˵ӡֹ߳ɻӣʵֻҪ߱Ըٷͦġ

ΪܻͨѪ̳УԹ߽ӣڶǲߣⲢҪʮԻġ

ͨ˺֪ߵĴڣڣŮҲֻ֪ɷ򡰹˾ͬ˵ɷ˵̫صģûĿܡ

Ҳԭϰ࣬ʱܹġΪź£ѹûж룬Ϊʲôɷ鲻ȥҽԺܵ˾

΢һЩŮ˿ܾͻ룬᲻ǹ˾ʲô֮ġ

ǾвҲӦȰȥҽԺɣô˶ŮЩҭҭ˺ܳʱ䣬ŷӦ顣

鷳ǰҰɷȥҽԺ͵ҽԺǲǾҪˣǷģǲҹ˾鷳ֻǰңҰȥҽԺ

Ҷû˹ȥͬµͣһöСش

ػصߺܶ࣬ɫҴңҲְְְ֣֮칫ң֮ġ

һְߵǿ

µߺȻǸְְֻ߲ŻᷢΣաߵŻˣɷСιʲô

Ҷ¶ʮѺõЦݡ

̣㿴ɷ˵ͦصģҲ˺öѪ׵ѪǣҸιɿ˵Ѫֹܿסˡ

Ҷݿȥʮ꣬Ư˵ʱһһߵӸסˡ

ͨ鱦񣺡ôѪǡ

ߵȻЩųҲɵɷȻ˵ôأôܳһɿܺã˼СҲǺİ˵ʲô

ϾҲһˡǣԭһֱ͸ˡѪѲһֹסѪɷ򣬺Ȼ֮Ѫֹסˡ

Ůӱɵˡԭвʶ߻˵ܺӣû˵ھͿ˺ڣܺӸһ

ҶԹԵ˵һŻ˵ĳӦÿԡҶ˵ţָţۼ߷ͬϵ˿ۿɼٶϡ

ͨ˿Ҳ𽥻ָˡٿҶݵĿͲһˡʲôҩ涼ҪˣСҩȻͻָˡ

ҩҩټ߱ĻָߵǼˡֱҩ

еĿٿҶݵĿͲһˣЩҩģ

ΪʲôһСҩ뵤ʦ˵ûа취ģСﾹȻľҩѵбȷ뵤ʦĵʦ

ʦʮĵλģϾ;벻ҩĸһ߼ʦλһ߽ʿҪߡȻҪΪһ߽׵ʦȵǸ߽׵ʿ

ҪȻֶܶûʩչ
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ҶݵΪߣõĵҩѾͨʦƵóˡû취ֻԼ֣ʳ

һΪһĳ̶֮ҲǴͨ

ϾΪʱλһУ츳Ҳ㹻ҩĿɹ˷ѡڲҪǮԴۼ֮£ҶݵȻҲһһ˶벻Ĵʦˡ

Լûˡ

ҶԼ󣬶ʿǶҩһĴˡ

˵ҶУôڵȫִ嶼ûģͨҩĴִҩģǶԶҩ

㣬ʲôҩ

Ѿ˫ðǰҶ˵ˡ

дˣȻҲвٴҶģһģҩ˵ɿ˶˼ˡ

ǣǸɿ𣿡һǳ˳飬¶һʮѿЦݣֱȿ޻Ҫѿ

Ҷݣ

ͨ鱦̲ס²ˣѵ֪ȥǺƭСѵĹ𣿻ǰ˵ɵأ

аȻ˼ˣҶݵȻҲĻشˣߵ۾ʱˣܲͣңɿȻˣǳ򼸿š

ľҩ裬ٶ඼Ӷࡣ

аҪ٣

߶ʱˣҩ赱ȻǸǮֵģƫƫҶһǳƭСӵģ˼ֲе˼

Ҹһһţ㿴

ԷתתҶݺȻ֮Цˣ壬ԼԼֵǮء

˶ʱЦˣӵҩСôɵأ˭ɵأںˣ˼ҸˡŵɫҰס쿪ȫ̫ˡ

ǿЦġһֻҪȫ㣬һţһžУ㿴

е⡣ǹ˭ܹ£ҩ׼Ͻء

ʱڳ߶ˡͰҶϵµˡ

Ǹصˣͬ°ˣѾɵˣȻһͨǿɷ򱳺λָģҲ֪޵еһ˲䡣

ˣʲô˲ˣ˰ɷˣæ˹ȥ

ܿ˳ҶݼˣҶݵǰ㶼ɣֱӾͽȥ

Ź˰СʱֳˣûʲôԵı飬͸ȥ˵˼仰ƵġʱȺȴ飬صŮ

ʲôصŮ˼ǵͬº𣿡

ľķ׾ӿɽ̣

ҩô棿ȻҲ߱ʾɣܶ൱ʱڳĶϣҶԵȺ˵һҩ

ϾΪˣС򡱵ıҪҲǷǳģҶݵʼû˵ǸͷǳĿᣬһͼͼһƬհס

ԿСԸ൱иԡ

еʱֳ߰ͷβ˵һ顣

ģ־ʱ϶ˣټˣڲϵʧܶѾʼɢˣ뵤ʦѾ˵ûþˣ˭֪СȻˣ־ιҩͰ˾Ȼˡ@־

־ǵǸùߣǷ鿴һʵѶȲΣյ֡

һְְְ߲Ҫڹ˾ڣ֮顣ְҪģпΣգԱ顣

ܿȥǶôûΣյ񣬶пܻΣա־Ҳʮֵùġ

ܿ־ͳˡ

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һԼɡľƬȻе󣬵ҸоϵܶڲͣĻָ㲻ܻס˵áҵʱѾʧȥʶˡ

λͬ¡ˣλͬأһλ˭ܸһ˵һҩأСǮ֮

־ҲÿԼνˣӿô죿

־ѵģ÷һ𳤴ģӱȽų۸Ҫ߹ȢޣǾԲġ

Զӣķļ۰ġȫ޷֪Լˣ᲻

Ըƻģûˡ

ⲻ־Ը⿴ġ˵飬ִ־һЩӰִôԼӣ

Ϊ߻ʮŴģĻֺñҵĶһһһ٣һ񣬰׳̶ȣ˵Ҳһٻ֡

ǮȻΣգһ˶ȴǱȽ׵ġְлʣһʮ

Ǹ롣־겻Ҫܻ֣ñңʮֽʡξҲǴѪġ
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ôһ־Щˣһǧծôӽأ밵ϵλͬ£ܲڡ

ϾҶͬƽʱԶദĶʮǢġҲ־ܱ̬Ҫԭ

ˣгзҲд󼸰򣬽ǧܷڵĻѹҲ̫󣬴Ժ

϶ûڣҲծʱ˼ҲȣܾˣӶǸصĴ

Լˣ޿־ϣԼšѹǰСǲˡ







־ôһ˵Ⱥһŵĵ㡭

Ȼ۸ŵˡΪȺﻹвְأְйʺ͡ɡְûУÿһȶʡһ˱Ȼ൱ġ

ǾҩְֱҲҪϾ⣬ְܱ֤һΣա

ְǲӵҩ־ȷȷһöҩ򣿡

־±ˣʵҲͬ¸˵ģΪʱѾȥˣ֪ʲôҩǮ

ѹ֮˸˵İԡ

˵иСͬšɿͬʱ󹺣һʼǸͬе޳ܵһһչ˼СȻıܾˡǸͬ¾ңһš

Ⱥߣ

Ǹռ˵ɵӣ

⾿ɵӰֱ˶ռʲôأ뺦˰ҲҪһ²ݸ尡

ǸʵҲȺʱ𹫷ߵʱðͷģֻװ˰@ǾͲˡ

ʱ˾ǾϲԽʲôԽʲô仰ǲġ

ܿߵİѵ˸@ˡ

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Ķʮֵ룬ʾжôߡǽϵһ仰ǡҲıáԼȡһ΢

ΣֻóˡʲôҴˣҹ԰ɣҲģҺһţҲûӦ

ʲô򶼲ǻǰɡ

͸ˣȻ֮ĳһϸڣˣǸͬºǵĹԱ˵ҪϽҩ



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ͷ

֣һСŵر𿴣ȥ൱Ļ



һŵĸֱˣǵ@Сͬ־ǳĸߣԸҩֻҪǹÿ۳һöҩһЩ־Уǹ쵼ѾӦ󡣡

ڵҩĳɷڷУȷҩЧԼҩȼ֮רųЩҩ۵ڽ֮С

־ָ۸񲻻̫ͣȻҲǵͬҵҲĵز

ò˵ԱĻ൱İĵġ

ҶݵǸ΢ǳˣһСѾͷԼȡڣһСڰ˶ʱЦá

ǸĻǸ˰˭ҪúõĻŰرߡ

ȺʱԽˣԭǱˮͬ£ִ;ĵͬ¶ʼðˣϾѯҩ顣ϾǶһ飬˭Ҳ˵Լò

ĵҩԺǳȥ൱Ƕһð˭ҲܾĻǵȴҩļ

ˣʵЧģǼüŻЩ¥ˡ

пðݣڻˮ

ǣľʵ񣬲ҪˮȺˡ

ôͲˮȺˣڵһ¼Ҳʲô£û׼ʲôСӵĶѡ

¼ܶʱƾǶ磬ĳ̶ֳȶԣ͸ҲûʲôֻǶ˲˶ѡ

ˣ¥ϵѧңҪǲܾͺˡ

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ҶǱ@ģЩĹԱҲûȺϢˢ죬һһĶǴֹ֡

ڿʼôһȺ˻ͦ˼ģƽʱڹһǴУȺ͸ǶͯƵġھãҲùĹȽϿˣһȺСȺ

Ⱥ϶ģҲĵĲеġ

뵹Щ˼ܿģҶݾͷ֣Ⱥﻹͦ˼ģһطҶݵĹע˵һǳƯĺֻ֣кĵһƬľïʢΧһƬڡ

һһ
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ΪʲôĵǱǲľïʢأȫѧ

ҲǾǸ֣ż˹ȥ죬ûʲôֵ鷢൱һȫ

һ㲻ѧ鱳󶼻һЩԭ򣬺пԭǲѧģܵȵ鷢ˣ鷢˵ˡҲֻǹȥˣͨȥһöûС

飬ҶҲ־˵ڵˡ

ΪҩҩЧһιҩʵǸ˵һһţҶҲڳͲһŵĹˡȻҶݾ֪ܸҲͦõġ

Ǿ־ͦʵϵģҲ˼һǧǮ˵ôҶҴС㣬һǧ򲻷

@־ȹļ۸Ǹ۸Ҿˡ

ѱըˣ֣

˵ͲⵤҩǱǰ𣿡

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ƽ̨ıûУ˶༸Ƥ黹ǺܳģҶݵǾЩЩ˼ûлظıҪˡ

־ĻظҶݶûϸֻҪԼУ־˵ʲô⣬Ҷݿ޷ǾһЩл֮Ļ

ڻǧ꣬ȱľǱ˵ĸлˡʲôһֻԼ飬ֻҪˣǲǸлνȻĵĸлĸлǻһЩġ

־ԭûָҶݻظԼģϾͬһó쵤ҩζʵ

־ԹԣпֹܱСǲʲôĴ֮ġƺֲܡ

мȻҲмģǱϾ

ӹһʮѪеĹңټܱѪеģһ΢е̵ļ嶼ĶչԼҵѪͼָϵٹ⡣

һһǡ桱Ҳһ˲ǣдյļǺٻЭġ

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ȻҲһܣСĳһû߼ģĻΪϻôмֵĵ顣

׵һطûйزɷԲΪƽʱԵûʲôأߵĹҲȥʮֵ⣬ڹƶȴȫֻй׵˲лȨ

ûй׵ͨߣֻ취йףͨҪǽǮҪĶԴûйףҲװ׸Դ

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СĹ׿ɾʹˡ

ܱô룬ΪʼٸߣҶݷʲô鶼ûУɵľͻص½ң½ǱүǱ߸ļˡ

ҩҩЧȷʮֵľˣ½үӸŵһһ㶵ģĵҩרҲʮֵ˳

½үʵĻЩµʱǱߺܿˡֻһЩˣ˵ѩҩʱֻС컯һֱƷҩЧϡʹۿ۵ģȻҲûаΪѡ

½үֹˡ

һ˳ͺá

ѩҩүŮŮȫʽһҹ˾˺ȫֹ˶ҶһˣҲүӸŮһˡȻҪƽʵﻹҶ͸Լġ

үӶЩΡ

ҩҺȡԼҲȫҶݲģҶֻǮͺãҶ֪֮Ҳòп½ҶԼġ

ȻݲЩ½ֻͨˣһˣ棬Ȼһ˿ϰԼġ⡱ķָʱ֤İ㵱Լںǻġ

ҶݾǲжҲѡ

½үӵȫٳ֮£ѩҩʮֵ˳һжõķչ

һֱйע½ҵҶңԼļͷһֵ飬һҩû½ҾȻʼҩչˡ

Ͼ½ϼȻڱ֧֣ҽҩҵĴҲûа취½ҵĶȫ֪½Ҿʲô

뿪˾滹ģ

˭֪أôΪ½ȻҽҩҵĴһʱ֮Ҳûжѩҩ֡ȻҲΪ½ϣǶעĹ˾Ǳм־ġ

̳ϱͽ˫Ӯͼ˭ҲУȻҲеſЦģ˵Ҷϡ

Ҷڸ½ѾΪк״̬ˣ֮ǰΪ˱ҶЭ½ںüĿֱӳʣҶ˼ֲʧ

ʧʽҲǲģ΢һЩľ֪½ϺҶϵĹϵѾǰˡ
103 ǰ	

½ҶҶǲǰˡ

ҶҲǹģǺ涼Ȳ½ңǰ½໥֣ǿǿϵʱ˭Ҳȥ˵ҶҵĲǡ

ϾҶҲҪ棬˼ҿ׹ϵҶұҲȻڣֻҪ΢Ķֶܿߣ½ڲҶվͬһϣ¶˼ֶҶҵˡ

ǰͲҶҵЩ˼Һ˵ЩԭǼɵ½ҺҶֵ˼׼һ㣬ͶҶˣҶҲգ½ϧûǳ֣˶Ǽˡ

ֱ׷棬һᶼ飬ο̳׷ģҶʧʮֵĲء

Ҷүһ̵ģϸ½ʾҲϸ½ȣ½ȾζŸ½ʾˡ

Ҷүûʲô£ƢȴӲʹˣ˾ҪڹܣæĽͷöҲǿżŵĸֱƢʱ䳤ҲûԸźˡ

ҶүڼŵĹɷģӼҲȲһˣҪǼ϶ϱͲһˣȻӵĹɷݼӺϱӼûá

ԸһҪѴȨԼģΪҶ⼸ҲùٵȻֵһƽ˵˵үӵĻҩҪġ

㿴۵ĶˣⳡϵһҲ㣬ҪʵǲоҶѾͷȥ½˵˵ôҲ׼ң½ҡ

Ҷ½Ҿķˣ¶͡顣

ҶãҲ˵ֿʼ˵ҶүӲ׶ӣҪ۳Լۣ˵үʹˣôָһôУ

֮ﻰ˼ҶүӺ̫̫ӦðϵĹɷݷֳ

ָ˭أ⻰ٲ˵

ϸµµڻûſˣֲ̫ȷεʱȷЩ塣

ҪȻҶҵֻҪ𣬿ԴӶ֮ûٻС

ҶǸ壬ôŮˣ˵ĻٻýȥģϾҲǷһ塣

Դϴζҵ֮˵ȷˣǷ϶˯һŴģһ߻˵ģû弸ͺͺˡ

ܹҶﶡٲҪģŸһֱֺԼãҲͲƽˡ

ٲ˵ҶװɵҶҵĹɷݷָ˭УǶһӣӿ϶зݣǶ޺Ͷξͱˡ

ҶүҪģ޺ͶҪΪҶⱲӼˡҶĸ½ֵһĵزˡ

Ǹʱ򣬾Ҷ߸˸Ůˣʮ˽ŮҶȫˣ½ҵҶүﻹء

ҶүӱϾǸˣ½ҶҶԹۣٺҶҾͳô⣬˵һ½ԸҶңҶָô

ҶүӻҶֵ˶ҶģһŮ򵥣ˣôиŮͷͳȥֻҪҶкôͳɡ

ڶΣӣԺȢӣڹ˾ŪְλԵҲ㹻ˡ

ټҶ󲻿֪װɵѹû¶ȻίҲ֪û취

̵ĲˣͷϷˣȥһҽԺ

һûˣкϢҲǼĴϲ£ҲаɿһЩ

Ҷԣһ

תһ룬²ҲһǻˣҲпԭҶҲû͸ȷ˵Ҳãȥɣ˾㡣

ЦһԶ֪治ڵĺҲ˼ڴٵҪӵģҺӵȷҶģҲôˡ

ǰֻҶ鸾Ǹӣ͵͵ģҶҲӶûеõҶҼչˡ

ǸǮ鸾ԣǮⶫҲûõġ˶̰ĵģûǮʱҪǮǮ֮ͻҪģֻǮʲôã

ҪǮҪ˲źá

ˣ̫ʱˣԼͿ˳ĳΪҶˣĺҲԷֵҶϼŵĹɷݣǸԼǰͷһ׵ȴֻܵӼŮ

Ȼٴ˵ﲻί𣿲á

ҶȻûֳڶʮ˾ͶȥҽԺö޿˼ֶߡ

˵۰ôˣǰҲûôϸģôˣΪʲôҪȥҽԺ

ƤӶû̧һ£ȴЩϳɵ˵ô֪

Ƴһۣܵûʲôãǣ֪ʲô¿ֻٶ
104 	

Ҳ˵ңǳɼҶܱ𣿡

βʾޱ˰ҶᲢۣҶǿҲͰˣƫƫҶĶǿҶݴδο͵һϿʱ䣬ʱϿڡ

ŵ˹һ˵ǰ˵ż˴ƣڼûܳһ˵޾ͺ޵黹治޾еġ

˴ϲڵĺӻ˵ã˶࣬е츳ѡ֣Щܲ׾޾Ͳóġ

Ŭֻֻ֣ܿ˵ˡ

Բ˳ֻҶҵŮΨһĿɲǶһ㣿

ʵкúõķ˵ȲҶݣΪҶŹŴġճС㣬㲻ϣҲǸС檷ļҵŮ

һģֻ˵С檷ļҴƿһǳܾġ

û취ıҲͰˡ

پң½ҿҶһ㣬ҶҾ˽ˡ

޽ôҲʮˣҶС˼£ѾСˣʱְԽԽæ趼սľģұŮˡ

ҪȻôؼأ

޺ͶٵĶλһսսĹ󸾣ɷԼ½ѩһ顣

û½ѩôиôңֻϺȡ޲ô˵ҶŮ±ֻŮֻҪҶڼܲȥ

ԶĵĴֵг̣ûʲôţææҹ˱ʲôöϾܱ½ѩӣ˵Լҳ϶

Ȼ̸ʲôˡ

ΪҶϼŵ̫үҶҪģòȻߵ֮Ļ϶ˡ

ͷҲʮֳģЩŮܲþϲ飬ȻܲҲΪ˱ԼҪ鷳Ҫġ˶ԣܸĽӴȸ˻Ҫࡣ

˸˽ӴĶˣ顣Ҷ󱳺Ҹ㣬ͻƵߣǱ滹סԶûʲôûȥ죬ڹ˾ְߵֶеģǾ˵ְæ

ǰҶȻҲæҲûæϣѵ˵ҶǱ߳ʲô⣿

޵ޣԵɺ֮£֪½Ѳ˸ϵְҶݸˡ

ݺݵĵһ۵ܵܣ¥

ߣ˵ң˵͵ң˼¥ҲൽˣǰС㶡޶۸

ȻҲ۸ӶĸС

ȻΪҾԵʣٶԶӸһЩҶ⽻ΪԺҪҶңô˵ҲǴС㣬ҲúúõϻҶҴô

Ȼܸηηġ

ʱôȥˣ

Զ޴СҲ۹ﳤˣ˵׵ܵܣ裬ҲȻ˦ӣŰѻˣ

붼ˡ

¥϶Ҫǻ벻ͨҲֻô죬ܸܲҶ˵ôҲȵң̽ôѧ

ѧԶײѧԵͷԵġôֲģҲֻˣĥĥȥԼʲôܱȵùҶݡ

УѧϰɣòҲȲ˼ң˼ȥ޷ˡ

û취ڲÿ쿴ҶҪҶÿƤӵ»ƣܶٺüꡣЩ֮޾ͲҶݵˡ

֪Ҷұ½ʩѹҶ̳ȨҲзݣһֶ٣֪һ㣬ֵըˡ

ޱѧϰŬŬҶݵĽ࣬ʱˣҲͿʼˣѵõķһϲɫ

裬ʲôôˣĸˣһ··еƮû뵽ʮȻֻˣ궼ʮˡ

Щ绳ӲףССҽԺĸŪˡطȫԹˣûá

û¶Ȼźûиӡ֪¶ǿ󲻵á

ӵҪǿ϶ҪõģǾûõ˵ˡ

֮ǰҶˣҲû£ʵڲȥҴУ¶ԼĺӣԼģ붼Щ֡

ֻҪܼ̳ҶңҲԼѪپͲôˣԼ˸á

Ůʣٻе㲻˼

Ҫˡ

ʲô޻Լˣ裬⻰ʲô˼

Ůһ±ƵģپȤҪˣ˳ĸһˡ

⻰ִˡ

ʲô㡭

͵ܵʲôȻ֪ԼĶλɱ˵ͦˬģ޺ôҲһЩʱǣǿαĹϲһ

裬֪ܲŮ뷨
105 ĸŮĽ	

ȳ˷ȷеϢҶҶȻܸˣûһ˻᲻ϲԼѪҶҲ⡣

˵Խݵλ˾ԽںЩ֮ԹأǵλǽǮѾվھͷϣǻܸʲô

ϣܣǾֻܰϣںϣָǧ˵ִչѸٵִҲкܶôġԼǧҲԼļǧ

ԴӹֻҪ˾ûвԼõġ

Ͷ֤ޣ޺ͶΪˡߡֻ˵Ƕǰͷɷġ

֪Ļʲôɷ򡱣ɲҶһˣ

ǾǲһǶǸǡҡҲǡͳģֻҪҶҵĶϸˣͿֱҶҹɷݵġɲһһ㸻˼Ҷǿǿϡ

ƩҶҺ½ң½ѩֻһŮΪ˱ʾҶҶ½ѩӣҶһҶϼŵĹɷݡǶٲһ

ٺųЩ꣬ңҪ˵Ҷүӷ֪ǲܣڷ˶ϱҪҲŲҪô

Ҷҷʲôˣ

ǿ׳죬ԽУģڶֶϱʵƲ𡣲Ƕ飬Ӳǿ¡

Զ֪̫ˡ

һ飬һֱҶҶϿ֪ܲʵ¹ҶѪ˼Ҿء

˵ҶûֵܣֵǱҲûӣǶٺпܡĸƾӹ󡱣ϾиӣҶ֪ġ

ƫƫҶֵܼҾиӣϴСų󣬵ŵġ˲Ͳˡ

Բ˳øӳ½ءǿпޡ㶡ٺ滳ϵģ˾ǽ򣬼νйҶĺŶԣʲô

ССһʾ޿ˡ

ȻҲ棬ЩҶӣֵǮм򡣿ҪǸҶϵĹɷݱƨǡ

Ҷݺ½ѩҶϵĹɷݼһֺ춼ֹǧ򡣵ܲסʲô֪ôȥοɫԵĳŮ

ȸСһţ̣ȻڣкӱȲŮۣ¶棬һЩ鲻УҲȫûо

Ȼһ͸ţ̣ɫ˵ʲôǸƽʱࡣ⺢ԵԣٽҲ̫̲ס˵䡣

ԣҪ֪Ҫѵ㡣ô˵ģҪ

֪ˣΡ

ٻ˵ʲôӲ¾ָ˻ȥӱŮһƢҲ֪ôľӣپԼһװͦƵġ

Ͼ˵飬Ҫǿܸͷֲɵȥ³ˣЩбµԺ˸㣬ɶͷŵԵӶʮصġ

ǲأҶϵ׶ϲˣǸ½ѩָģ˵ܽҲá

֮󣬶پ͹ųȥˣ׼ȥŮ˵

߷С̣ܻᶮµģŮѾʮˣǸˣȥƽΪʲôӻѾû˼ˡ

ЩطԶģΪԺ޶ҲҶЩ˼

˵ǸŮҲŮԺ϶ܵͼޣЩļʶΪĳ͸һ麣ƵģЩҪѧģҲȥѧһ£ѧĺܡ

ôһ룬ȥ˹Ůݡ

Ҷңôô˳ۣΪ˳۵ڶסҶңʱͻãԼҶԭ䣬ӣһڶ

ȻݾͿŮŤͷȥӣپ͸ƶˣСѾͷǽ黳

ôˣ˭㲻ˣ

ߣ

ҲǶٿϺ壬ҪϺ壬ҲԺɾкͰֵˣҺͶɵӵӿɾͲùˡ

ٱЦˣ˵ʲôɵǲģ

ƳһۣҿɲǣǰŮҿԼװְֵġ˵֪Ѿͷ˵ٵüͷ

ֻҴװֵ绰

סˣֺһװ־Ҷ󣬴Сһ֪ܲǰҶݣҲ˵ʼһʼҶҲȷǱְˣ˶ɵġ

ģ޾;鲻һˡҶݲһˡ֪뿪Ҷң־÷ǳƴҪõҶҶϣְֵϿɣҶȴں
106 󵤷	

ͺԼƴҪõĶ˼ȴ֮ģָоǳá

Խ޾ԽǶʵǹղ̾һǽ

Ƴһۣ裬ϹкŮ֪㹻һˡ

ԷŵǽӹְλãҶʮüʮˣô

լǱӶӶҾͲ㿴˵լǱߣ޵΢˳һ㣬ΪլǱ߲ͶΣҲҶݣöҵƽĸо

½ѩôүӺ̫̫һϲ㣿

ŵү̫̫صģڶ޿ǾǡȨǱֻҪϣλĵλǶҲ˽һЩġ

˵޾֪ҶϼŵʵҶүӺ̫̫Ȼ̫̫˳ģ϶վԼɷߵģϾӶġټ뱲ӶϰүӵĻˡ

ϲҶݣȻҲϲԼö޶һһЩƽСϾĸϲûһȽϣҲûкûˡ

ڶҶճǸԼһ

˵ҶҶϣҲȭͷŮ˵Ȼ֪ҲίĸҶҶЩˣͲˡ

һƽŮˣȻԼɷΪѣҶҶϣٲһֲϲµĸо֪ǶƲԼ

ɾƲϣҲ޵Ҷˣֻ˵ӣôһ룬ЩϲϲνҶԺǶռݴͷɷǷܲٵġ

Ͼ߶ģƫ̫ࡣ

ϱвϲϲԼģرֺżͥŵϲֱӹϵһŮ˵ļͥλ

ʵȷе˵ӦɷϲپҶԼӦϲϲûҪȢԼңҲûбҪ½ѩĸôꡣҶʲôˣ

ֶŮ˵ϲԶϸ嵽ŮԼĸĸǰĵز

ǰ½ѩҲһ½ѩỹŵʱ½ŮݣǶܿʲô

˼Ҳûӣֲϡ֡ԣʵҲе㲻϶Ǳ߻᲻ΪԼĺӶԼ࿴

ôŮ˵

ζ治ͳӣǱ߶ҲһЩ

ߣٴһ

ĸŮ˵˺һٲųȥ

һߣҶݵЩҩǱ¼۸ˣûһôţǼ۸Ҳȷǲͣʮ򵽰ʮһţǾҩ۸Ĳ

˾ǮȽ϶࣬رְȥ΢ڿ㶼²ƵҡǲôڿģÿС̶ʡһҲ׵İ롣

Ȼְģ˭һ굽ͷôһ̶ʣԴҶǮĴУһĻ򼸸ĵҩţаһ顣

ÿһţҶݾֵܷٷ֮ʮ

ͷļֵԶԶ˵ҩΪϸЩϵĺﶼʮԺܶ˶֪ļֵҪȻҲҶô

ϾҶֻṩѾռ˰ٷ֮ʮ֮Բǰٷ֮ʮ࣬ΪƵҩҩĵԼҡЩҩȻޱȵġ

뵤ʦ⼸ŵֱ֮ͷʵ棬Է˯ϳˡ

ɼЩҪ˵ҶݣЩĵô£Ǵģ֮;ûҪˡ

ԼͺˣΪʲôһҪŪ⼦ֻģȫûҪ顣˵ˣôĵеҩ˼ҶһӾóôָбĵ

ʲôأ

쿪أ

Թ˶ҶһСûжĶڵĵ顣ŵ˵϶ûǲҪɡһ˼Сŭˣⵤ

ϾǹٷģȻ飬ҹǺųƹֻҪ㲻ԭԵĴǿԭµġҶָ㲻Ϸ󣬶д󹦡

Ҫıˣ˵ȥˣûʧĵġ

ܰķ˼ңҪֳɣø˼ҼϹ׷ֻ֣̫СˡҪȻԵǲ

½үʱ䴺棬˵ľ״̬õĲһǰ㣬Ҳ½ϵ飬һ˼ѩҩ棬ҶҵүӾƣͷӵľôôã

ΪҶݵĹϵͷҲʼ̨ˡ
107 ΢Ц	

ҶүӿԼûʲôԲס½ҵģ½ѩôҶһͷȻ⣬ɵ½ѩ˵ʲô

еĹɷݷֺ죬ʲôˡǿ½ҵӣҪȻһŮʸҪҶҵЩɷݷֺ죿

½ңΪһСѾͷ˶ĺʵǲӦáүʲͳ½үӵ鷳ֻϧ½үʼնûռ

һʼҶүӻͷǹŲԼзͷæ

æþ͸Ƶֱת

Ҷүգ½үӺüβǴ׼ңҲǶ϶ˡ

½ѩȻȥˣ½үҲΪŮֱӴҶϳʣǶϾڵģҶүӲȻҲ½ү˵

½Զ㾿Ǹʲô˼

˵꣬ҶүӾһ£Ĳ˼Ķ½үӿһҶɽ϶ôпˣһΪⱲӶء˵գʲô

ҶүһӾˣʲôһʲôأ½ҶҼʮˣѩҶҵĶϱҶҶҵŮȴҶ飬ͷǲϺͿˣ

ҿϺͿˡ

½үӰ㶼աԴӷҶݸĵҩ֮½үӸоһӾʮһȻǳĲˡվҶɽͷǰԼ·Ƶġ

ȻĲУ½үҲûбֳ

ҶԴγã½ҲֻͶʣ񲻺ͶʧȻҪʱֹ𡣡

Ҷүͱõɴ۾۾Ȼɵñͭ廹ҪһЩ½ԶҾ˵¹Ҷϵ

½үӵȻû˵ҵȥȶģʱڷչЩⲻûᱻԽԽȽ·ֵĳɱ͵ȡڲƷĸ»֮һЩˮ

ôҵĳʲô飬˾ٻأȻġûʲô£Ǯ˭Ҳ˲Ҷһһ

Ȼ϶ˣЩҵϵֶ˭ǰǮһ׬ҲʹˣҾԼǮҲˣ˭ܶʱ֮óôǮ֧Ҷϵķչ

½үӵʮֵġ

ϡ⺢Т˳֪Һ岻ãҩ㿴ǲ࣬ǰúܶ࣬͸ʮƵġ

½үǸģ˺޲ݺݵһšҶүӸɲ飬Ҫӵİ

һҶϵƶڹ½ϼŵүƨɣ˵ȥʲô

ҶүҲˣȷҶСѾͷĹû뵽СѾͷı£ܹ½Ҳվߡ

Ҷүô벻׵ġ˼ȥǾΪ½ѩ½ҶҶĻΡҪȻһСѾͷôϡ

о½ͷڸв֪ӣԼһȻӡ

½ͷӲϡͿʼϡŮˡŮΪʲôùԼ

ҶүҲЩڣЩҶϺĶ½ϲ½ϺҶĲһ½ȻҶһʷƾãʱעʵѪҺµȥо

ټ½Ϊ֧֣½ʲô׵顣ҶүӱȽϹִһֱϱУԼô꣬Ϊҵûɲˡ

Ҫһҵҵǿ

ȻҶϷչô꣬ҲûĲҵֻǸҪĲҵЩҵ͸ӤһۡڿͰˡָжϢûеġ

ߣ˭ϡæʲôڰһ˶

ҶɽΪԹ˵

Ϊ½ϵĳʵȷǸҶ˼Ӱ죬ҶүҲòʼ˼½ϵ·ӰҶҪתͣתҵֻˮ𣿲ģ

һӵѪҶˡ

ʲôĿһǮҶүӺƤ˵

½үƳһۣΪм

ҶүӣǻҪ΢Ц

ʵϣƤӶöٿ½үϵƤ˺棬ҶүӾ͸ƵģһӾ͸ɱˡ

½ҵҪô

ҶҺİ½һѪҲҶһѪ˵ӦðϺ½׶ΣֻϧǼݲϲǾˣ½½Լۡ

ҶүӵƤָų˳飬Ǵݷ漷ģҶ˻ûأ

֮⣬ҶҶҵˣҶҵ˶ûأôҲֲ½ҵˡ½ү̯̯֣ʲôû˵

ѣ˼ҿûʱˣǵҩ۽׶Σҵȥš

Ҷүӣ
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½ͷǰûһҪӣʲôҩˣȾˣҶүӲ޶ʼɵ˵һʱˣ½үӰֻŲȽײˣҶүҲ޼

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ҶүӳԱʱҶүӾ̲ס룬½ԶİԵǿƵԸ񾿾ô½ѩĽŮģ

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ӾͿ½ѩ᲻˳ۣ˵ϸ첲ϸȶģݵĸֽƬƵģƨɶûУǸûӵġ

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½үҲǱƢżҪȥģҶүôһ˵ţƢһӾˡ

Ҷͷ˵˭ҪȾͷأ

һ˫ţۣһĲҲ֪뵽ʲô˺ȻͺɫˡԣҾȾˣ㿴ƤءǲǿŸһֵģͷӣ

㣬㣬ϲޣҪҶүӱˡ˸Ůʵһģһͣ˭ϰ

ر϶ָǰѾǸͷˣ϶־ȻȥƤݻȾˣʲôϻͯ

½ͷŵҶүӻǱˡ

½үǴ˽ĸԼŮġҶҵ˼ֻ֪ǰŮڣҲ˵ʲôŮˣȻҲָŮã½ѩῴģʵӻҪǿġ

Ҳ֪ôľͶҶģ顣½û취ˡ

ǣڷŮûˣŮҲؼˣöҶҶãˡ

½үһʰ

˵ƵĻȴĲУǲݷҩŪģСѾͷһǰ

½үˣУֵͷҶݷҩӳҲ˺ܴĹ׵ġ

Ȼ½үӲֻ֪᲻ᱻ˺ԼŮϾֺҩ϶ǻ˲˽İġҲǺ顣

˽ǲء

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ˣ£˵ˣȾơ½үãҶүӿ˵ǰһԶٷȸƣҶүӵȻˣϾŵԵĶԼҡ

½Զʸ񣬿½ԶǷΪʲôһ㶼øأͷŶ

Ҷүû֪ˣҶүҲܹټļҵҲһɵӣ½ͷϳԼȾƤˣ˵ҶүҲỳʲô

ͷȻ˵ԼƤݻȾˣҶүӾͬѰȻ˼䣬ú޲з磬º侲

˵˽δļˣĶ⻰׼ûˡ

ҶүӺ½ү֣ʱͳ໥Ƚϣ͸ˡҶү֪½ͷ޵ķʸԣνġѩҩô£

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Ҷүһ²⣬־ò̫ܣܰɣҪҩ½ͷǸϲĵõ

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ҲõĹλȫ˹棬½ү֪ƷһеĹأһҩ˸Ȩļ⣬һǼڲˡ֤ıƷٺǶǼҩ

ǵǼڲ˾Ͳһˣ֮ˣүӻñӣһͲһˡ

ҶүӳںҲ˼УҶ̫̫ĥүǰЩƷҲ͸ԼһѵģôȻͿʼñƷˡ

κҶү͸Ƶģ˵Ҷ̫̫ҲͲˡһ֮Ҷ̫̫ķԼͷƺˣˣҲ˲١

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ǳǸƷ֮ҶүӾҲסˣ˲̫̫ǱֹģֱӾȥ½үȥˣ½ͷ

ҶүһѾͰ½ү˰칫ң½үӱץýһҲûӦʲôͷץҸʲôûæŵ𣿡

Ҷү۵ðž⣬Ķ½үӣ½үӶЩëҶͷ㷢ʲô裿ʲô

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½үһӾ͵ˣһӾҶүӵĳ⣬ҶүӷõıƷϡͰ汾ģȻȲ½үֱõҶݸԭ棬ֺֹһ㣿

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Ϊףһ̶˵ȷǺôģĺöôȴֻ½ҶҶүۺˡ

̶꣬ҶүҲģԷùĶЧԼ½ͷˡñӡڴ֮ǰһû͸ҶүӲܲµ½үǵֻۣ½үӳ˺ܳʱ顣

ȻǳôʱģڲŸշųǾһ׬⣬Լǲɵ

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ǴʱҶүҲʶһ飬½ͷѾǰ޼Ĺϵˡ

½ͷ˵ΪŮǶҶһ㶼ģԸ½ҸһǮҲǸѾͷһί

˵˵ԣҿԿǡ

֮ҶүӲòҲУΪˣصĻ棬˵һΪҶһþ޴ĻһҲûʲô˵ġ½ͷɱˣ˵иͬġ

½үƳҶүһۣѽƤ񣬵ǶŮ׼ңŮ޵ҶȥˣȻ׿˵ҪҶиͬͬŮûˣŮҲӻˣҶһ붼롣

ҲЩôԴŮģ

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½ү΢΢̧ͷ˼ֲ㣬Ҷү̡

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ҶүżˣֻǴȨȵϺϻˣǿԳǮҲԳˣ

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㣬㡭ҶүǿˣԼģȴһ취ûС

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˵Ҳ½үӷӦʱ䣬ֱתˣ½үıӰڵģ㶼ںЦһ죿ʮҲһĻ

ȥ֮ҶүӹȻٵչ˵飬ҵϵֶöˣʱ䶼ûܴ½үڵһõϢ½үӰҶݸġǰҶҵʱ㶼ӡ

Ϊ֪Ҷɽ΢տСѾͷ֣СѾͷڼﱻһĸ۸ֵòҪҶŲ

СѾͷίˣûйϵСѾͷܵίһȫҪ½үʵǲҩҶҶүӲ鵽ҪȻҶݶԵȷһ鷳

½ү֪ŮӸңŵŮһܲҶܵί

Ͱ߼ۣ߼˰

ǣԹڹ˲ûнӴļ˵սľҶүӲһಡϾʹˣҲ˵ЩԸⱳ½ԶĶɲ˴

һЩΪڲֻ֣ǳĻЩҲʵ̫̰ˡ

ҶүĺʱˣʹˣǺ࣬ھ޴ǰҲ۾ڲ½ҵƣҵˮһӾͱ˸ʶˣѩҩʵӵ߻⡱ˡ

һͰҶҲ˳

˴£ۿѩҩıƷԽԽãҶүҲЪ˼׼ôȨˡСҲ⡣
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ҶүҲˣ½Ѿǵ޼׼ˡ½ѩʱ½ԶҹŮŮֻںҶǸѾͷ

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Ҷүһ֮ˡ½ѩֻһѾͷˣ˶ҶһСѾͷ⡣

ҶҲѾͷݲʲôģҪӿ϶ûеġΪһЩ⣬Ůڸײ㶼ǴڵģҶүӷ֮һ

ŮֻΪ̼֮ãôֻҪƽˣڼܵٳ谮ʹ̫ˡ

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Ҷү֪ʵҶ½Һ꣬ȻǼʵ˫ӮɾΪСѾͷ½ԸʧҲˡ⵱ȻҶүա

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ҶүҪӣǰŮʵΪ治òΪ֮ȴҲҪڼ֣Ѳλε˵Ҫ½úôҺúðŮ½ҵŮ

ҶҶҲһգҶүҶݲױҲǲġܵһԡ

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Ҷһ㶣ĵ׶ȻֱģΪҶɽ׶ӣҶ֪ܲʲôУǰԼҲǿʱģ˵һӵŮ

ΪҶҶɽĳӣֵƢԸ൱˽ġһüĿĺүүҶҲڸլǱ

ҶԼԸҶɽ㵭ĮҶɽΪԼΣҶȴӲΣ˽ΪԼɱүҪ̹ˡ

үϲץȨҶҶҲÿүӵɫ£Ǹӣ֮ҲϷ֮Ĺ̫׽ǡ֪ˡ½ң֣Ƕ֪𣿡

Ҷүӵɫôһ˲ѿҶĶȻ֪֪ҵҶ뿪ҲĬҶڵǸϱֻˣжҶϣҶүѹͲںһҶݡ

ҶңҶҲ᲻һڷԣҶңҶүҲȫ⣬ҵȻ֪֣㶼ԼŮ𣿡

ǣѵĶԣ͸Ѿͷ绰˵լԷ

ҶɽɫźÿһЩֻҪҶݿϻĶΣҶ㲻ˣڵġ

Ҷү˶ӵĻˡ

ҶѵýӵҶĵ绰ʱҲͦæģλΪٽһǲˣȴʮֿģҲˬټϾҪμӸ߿ˣѧУǱ޹Ҳȥܡ

ҶĺæҶҳԷ

Ҷѵõһ£үѾˣҶֻܺƤҪһ£˵ʲôȥҳԷ˵Һ軳ˣһȥһʲôǲǹͷϣ

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ҶݲûΪҶݱ˽ˣ˵˸ϴ±߲һռ䣬ݳ⣬ռܱ֮ǰǸռ仹Ҫ

֮ô˵ʵô˭֪ҲĿռȻҶҶҶݵˡ

һҶݳȥʱ򣬾½˶ϵ˵ҶݱͲںҶˡ

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ҶүԽ˵Խ½ΪҶһҲ㹻ҶүҶˡҶүӶԣŮҲǼã˵ǰ½ѩᣬ½ѩķϣ½ԸҶҺ˫Ӯ

ڼȻ½ܹΪҶϣҶŮҲͲصˡӦˡ

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ҶϣĬĬ²һ䣬үү߿ˣ㻹ҶݺȥģҪӵģҪ½һָҿĶҶݺһ㡣

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߿ˣҶŮҪ߿ˣֻǶ޵ĳɼһãټ϶ٻˣע͵˶ٶĺϣԶЩԣ˵Ҷˡ

ȫû뵽飬ҶЩΡѹû뵽Ů߿飬ﻹڹŮء

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ҶүҲѵõĳĬһǵȸ߿ٸ绰

Ҷҵ˵Ů߿ʲôʵرҪҲǶƲ飬һЩﺢӳɼõģֱȥƲ˵񺣹겻ôֵǮ˵ȥҲǺ꣬һҲҺǹĸѧҵġ

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Ҷү˼еؾɣӸ߿ɼã˵Ҳһֵø˵飬˵ҶҵѪá

˵ȥҲӡϣҶݺúÿԵġǸСѾͷҲҶҵѪ绰úÿԣúүүһӡ

ĩˣҶүֲһ䡣ڵСӶǾģӲӥ㹻ĺôŬ͸ǷƵġ

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ȻҶүӿôҲΪҶ˼ֵ½ǸƷҶҲѵõһûСҶҲһŮģҶŮһ鶼ûСͷһĿȷġ

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Ҫǰ϶ҪһʣأЩ̫ʣϾô飬뵽ҲǹԼĵλ

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ʹӻһӡˢõĶάСֽٺЦЦ

壬㻹ͦʱֵġһԷóӡˢ΢Ŷά룬Цˡ

ЦЩ񣬡ҲЩɲڶҪû˶㡣

ȷҪʱطֻƫԶСسǣҶݺһ·Ҳˢĳˢ΢ŵġ

ˣԷҲŵӺѡ

СҪæǿ϶ɨĶάӺѡĲҪ㶢Ǽ˺˼תͷܸɾˣԼҲûá

ԴӹҪɽη羰֮һƬͷ˼ҲͶˡϻƱ𿴳ʵͽģʵϲûгˣҪȻҲʱֻŪ˶άȡȽĶ

ԼŪŮŪõġ

֣һ׻ͦ˻ӭġ

Ҳ˲ҶݺˣЦеһȺŮӭȥ

ɽ𣿡Ҷݡ

Ҳ֪Ҷ̫ǵҶݵʱ˵Щɲ⣬֮һ·ϣ϶ҶݵģҶ˵ʲôʲô

Ҳܿͷ֣ҶȻͲ󣬵ǲ˵£ֻҪˣǶ˾;ˮȻûʲô³̣֮ȴûġ

ģķˡ

ãھɽ

һǰĴɽ۾ٴζ˼ϸĻͻᷢ۵׾ż˿Ľ⣬⼸˿Ľ֮УɽΣҶݵ۵ס

򵼣˶ܹ׵ɽȥѰһ˵гֹռĵط

ɽɽǵصĴģȻǱˣҲסɽıˣɽϤҲҶݵΡ

Ǻðɡ˵ţ͸Ҷݵ׼ɽ

ûע⵽ȺŮҲǡҶݺƯĽҰ벻ע⵽ѡ

ιͬѧǶǳɽҰӪ¿ѣҪһҲþ͸

ǰ˶࣬СҲࡣ

һߴкôһ˵۹۱ǱǹģرǰС￴ȥôഺк۾Ҳ

ʵһȺѧѧĺܶרҵ˴°ѧڻ϶ûˣĳȥʵϰҹҹ֮ǰǾԼһѧУ档

һЩѾˣˣ˭鵽ԶѾǵˣĽҰľȻƯֽĵǻǺܸ˵ġ

ȻԶģǾ¿ѣҶǿӣǰкˡ

ע⵽Щ˶ˣȥģһоŸˣŮУһŮȥͦܵģӦ¹ϵŮһһ˿£ɫţп㣬ʿȥʮ

һȥͨˡźɫTɫţп㣬β裬һֻɫСúĿҶݶˣֿ˿ԼƯŮͬ飬Ȼ֮üͷһ壬ʶľ¶˼ų⡣

Զ˵ײǶģŮҲû˵ʲôֻǿȥ̫ˡ

ǰ˶֣Ҳȫһ㡣

һҲЦ˵

ҶһۣҶҡҡͷЦ˵ˣллǣǾ䣬ܿɽˡ

䣬ҶѾɽˣ͸ȥ

Ϊź

ֻɫTŮĬĬһֿһԼͬ飬۵ȻƯǺð㲻Ҫȥһ棬ҲеԼԼ涼ɫǸӯӯϵãγԶ϶ûԼʲô¡

ôһ룬ŮʶֿһͷһۣɫԽˡ

ߣҲϡû뵽ͷĸ߸кҶݺһۣȻ˾ĳԱ㶣ǺܿͷӦ˹

֮˽֮ﳤôƯֻɽһȺ˹һŮѵ֮⣬û뷨

˵ʲôõ뷨ֻﳤúÿ˶࣬һʲô飬Ҳܹ໥ӦʱŮȨġ

ӶȻŮ뷨ȴ˵ʲô

ȵȣɽ͵ĺܣɽϻûй滮·ߣǶǱ˰ɣ

֮ǰҶݶ̸ûܸݵӣԷ˺ҲûգһоܲԼû˾ͲñȻе㲻ȴҲû취顣

ǸƱģһԥ˵ҴɽҼҾסڲԶǵصıˡҴСɽ棬һ·һԸǽ;ķ羰Ҽ۸Ҳ󡣡
114 	

ԥ˵ҪȻǼһ΢ţһʲô飬Ҳɽæ

ȻѰæ

ͷɨ΢ŶάӺѻССɲǰõģ

ͬҶݶһھܾһ£ͬ˺Ľ顣

ٺһЦȥ⺩

ɽԶȥ̼ͦͬΣա

бܱͬȳŵĺã˵ԱһɽûźţźŲãһȥĵʱ䣬˭֪ڳ

ΪԶɽʵҲһȺû뿪ѧˣȫһ

֮͸óֻ΢ţȻźɽ

ֻǼ΢ŵʱӯӯлЩ̫⡣˶࣬ȼ˵ȸռ꣬лӯӯһ£ɾˣʱһ㶼⣬ҲİѺɾˡ

ʮ˸Ҷݺüͷ̲סǶΪΣʵʲôԼƫƫȺ˾͸ҪǶƵġ

ʹӲ϶¶õıˡ

ʶľͿһҶݣ˵ˣҪҶݵΪ

⣬⼸쵽ɽ˿ɲֹǵˣвء˭֪ҶɽϿһۣ۾΢΢УȻ֮ζ˵

ԣ΢΢죬ܿͷӦ˹

ֿռô飬϶ܹġдԲʲôռ䣬ϹǰĶ

뵽ҲЩϹʿģ

Ҫǻǰ˸˵ʲôϹǰӻˣС˵ˣǻ

ԴԼ˷Ȼ֪֮ʵԶԶͨ˵

ôһ룬̲סɴ۾ֿҶһۡ

ȻʮֵܸоٶȼӿˡԼȻеϣϽϡ

ʱɽĴҲԼõɽԶԽԽˣҲûô࣬˶ðЩɶǵĿԴ仰˵ɶǮء

Ժΰɽһ羰ãǾûʲôˣ˵λҪ֤˻˵ʹһĻʲô֤

ڶǮ

ҶݺĽŲ죬Ը̷߳˵ٶȾȻϣ˵Ǹ̷߳ˣͬеļˣ̷߳ѿϵģƽʱѵɲһڵġ

ȣȵǣǲ˵˵ɽԶҰӪӵлôڵɽ

л̲סԹ˵

ӯӯҲЩ֧ˣ·ߵһʯͷ棬΢΢üͷȻû˵ǱҲЩãģǼҲðϸϸܵĺ

ڸ̷߳ϣҲżԹ˼

ǰлʵ̫ӯӯģڹƫƫ˼ҾʱƯ΢һüͷǷ׷ڡ

лӯӯĹϵȷھӣСһ𳤴󣬼ҾҲ࣬ɾΪӯӯƯСԼĸ࣬ʱĵһϲӯӯ

˶񿴵ӯӯ졣Σ˵̷߳Ҫ֯һԶУĥôأ˼ҾԼӯӯҲ͸ռ˱ˡ

лӯӯĸйٸӼˣһĽʼɣһ棬ӯӯ̷߳ı߶մϡ

л̷֪߳ûжκŮֳȤģӯӯûУǸ̷߳һѣӯӯڵĺܣлһ㡣

㳤ƯΣǿϡ

ӯӯô

̷߳һСӼ˹ȻڵĹ˵

ӯӯȻҾһ㣬ΪƯСǸĸųģЩȻҲôǰֳ

л˵Ķԣٶǲǿ˵㣬Ҽǵɽģ˵ɽʲôƻ𣿡

ӯӯüͷСڴϢ˵

᯺һЩΪѵĿһ۸̷߳硣

̷߳ǴѧˣҵĹϵΰӯӯԼʵҲ˽ĵġ

ŮۿϾҪҵʵϰˣûбЩġ

֪һºͣǶ˭࣬ԲξȻμŮ˲ͬΪ׷һε˼ûС

̷߳Сģۡ᯺

⣬̷ô˵ģ˵ɽɽķ羰ã硭᯺Щ಻ȥҲʲôרҵʿɽҰӪ֣һ·ģһ߿羰һ߲˼һӾɽʲô˼

᯺ʶľͿ˸̷߳磬ߵĿһֱҶݺϣüͷ

ȻҶݺĽŲ죬ܿǾͿǵӰˡ
115 ǰû·	

·ĺ꿴Ҷݺһۣüͷ΢΢塣

һɽȻҲҶݺˣֻû뵽˵Ķô졣

Сͳɽɽ£ɽֱĺ԰СɽĴˡΪȴû뵽Сﶼϡ

תתƺ뵽ʲôǺٺЦЦ

֪ɽһĵط羰ãеߡǿȥȻٴȥȷķ羰㣬֤⡣֮⣬Ͻɽ

лԣըˣƢ̫ãɿһһ˵ӯӯ˲סˡ

᯺ƣҸӯӯ۵߲ˣԭϢɣ

˵žͿһ۸̷߳磬ɸ̷߳ʱעõлл֪ɿŸ̷߳ƺһֱŮȥķл̲סġ

ԭΪһɽԶ㣬ôҲҪø̷߳ԼһЩӡǶѾƻˣҲζǻɽӪ

лҶݺƻߡ˸̷߳ĹעĿ⼸׷Ÿ̷߳磬ԸղŸ̷߳һֱֻ͵͵Ů˿ûע⣬лˡ

Ůִܶʱǲġ̷߳粢ʲôˣȴϲˣлñӶˡɫҲöá

᯺ҲƢˣƽʱŲῴлɫκΣлӯӯõѡ

ӯӯô

ȷʵеۣҪϢһҿɽˮ羰Ҳͦõġ

ӯӯüͷ˵

ӯӯƯ˵Ҳϸģһüͷ֪ȷʵΪˡӯӯʮԼʲôģܹ˵ϧ

ǾϢһ°ɣ̷߳磬أ

лʵЩ޷̷ܸ߳һֱİŮ˵̷߳תͷǾϢһ°ɡ

̷߳˵ţЩĲɵֻϵĶȴܿ죬ղų˲ע⣬һֱҶݣֵǣƬôĲ̷߳Ѿܾûˡ

үү˵ʮڼҸγӰӲƷΪ֤ԼĲ²⣬һֱװķ羰ʵҶݺϰţûһġ

Ƭģġ

ԲżȻ

߼MеһţʵһϵĹ塣үүһ֧ȻǵϵȴΪ׷չıȽϺãҲһʮҪ֧

̷߳ʻͽӴ˹һ顣

·츲صı仯ͨ˾Ҳͬˡ

ҲСŮֳȤҪԭ

̷߳ͬʱͣϢĿȻҶݺȥķ򣬰лùǺ

ֲ˦Ӹ̷߳翴

ӯӯȷˣû߶ãɽ·᫣һ黹ûʽɽ·ʮԭʼ߳ģûʲôɣһЩɽǶ£˸Ͳ¿

Ҷޱ飬ʶȴͣˣǵСһҲеġ

š

ͨ鱦ܹʶģĸ֪ȻҲ̷߳ϵǵڱ

ͨ鱦ûж˵ת˻⣬ȻֻһŷϵĹʿҵһЩöδزָܻһЩΪıҲа

Ҷûͨ鱦ҲѾϰˣ˵ǲܲ˵ġ

˲Ҳ˵ʮʹ죡ˣߣߣҸоŨࡣ

û·ˡ

˵ȻͷҶݵģһ·Ҳȷôģʵ߸иı£ûһȫһ˵ġ

ȻҲ⡣Щ⣬ڱȽģҲǴѧձҵͣСһʲôԸ

Ϊ񣬲û¡ҪεûʲôΣգ˵ǸҶһɽһƬһңһ

ҵʲô˵еĹʿҲ

仰˵ǾǹνĹʿǼ١

ģǿ϶˾顰⡱ϢǼٵģǾ͵ǹԶ㣬ġ

Ȼ˵һĲƽЩѡ

Ըʣھ֮ǰͦģΪһߣܱͨȵģ֪Щ˶ԼʵģЩǡ

һѾˣھڶࡣ

ҶݣΪǰӲݴоû·˵ɽûпеһɽ·߳ġ

طֲïʢһ֪û߹ֲĳƣ㲻滹пյġ

Ǿôֵ߹ȥ
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֪رܿƷߣ˵ܹԦܰ͸Ϸһ

ߵǸ˵ĵƣײչʾҲ֪Ǹߵġ

Ǹ߹Ļ᲻һ㣿

û۾͵ɴˣΪҶѾ߹ȥˡ

ϸĽ£۾ɵøˣΪҶݵĽյģƽء

ѵҲǷܣ

ȣһ¡

Ҷݻͷһۡ

ҾӲɶˣ˵СͽǲǺ񣿡ͨ鱦Ц˵

Ҷݣ

ģ㣬ȥգСȷǺܺҶݵԵҪĻǸеĶҶݵȷǸоһɺܵ

Ȼǹʮ΢ͨ鱦ҶڵΪҪһʱ֪һѶȵġ

һ֮Ҷݲŷһ˿Ե

ǿȣҶе㱯ۣܲڴ˵еĶ

Ҳ˵׼úã󷨾أҲпܳ

뵽ҶԶ˼ڴ

һȥ

ǡԥƬ̡

ǹҶڹǹȫǹˣ֪һЩ

ֹʿԶǲƸҶݲȫԼˣĴڻ˽ף

ţվҶݵܹģ𺦵ǹ档

ǣ̫ˣ

ʱʮְա󣬿ǲնУǲˤȥһġԽվڶ˾Խϧ

ǰûʶֱΪһߡ

㲻ĵĻ͸һ

Ҷݷ·𿴴ԼĹǣ˹ʮֵȻ˵

һӾͺˣһ±˿ĸоաǡ

߹ȥ𣿡Щ졣

ܡ

ô

š

һʱûӦʶҶ˵ʲô˼˵Щľš

Сﻹͦ

ȻֱǰһĻˣֻҶݲǰߣⳤľĶ£̤մǰСϿȣûκۿɼĶԼֲ

չȥģ

Σĸȥˣָߣңɡ

ңҹȥ

ȵš



ǵû˵еż͸ͬϵ˺üʶģֻһˡ

ҶǸˣ̫ġ

û˵ҶݲǸˣǣ磬пھĿĵأпյĻҪȻڹ

ظ־һ˵־ĻظϢ˺ܶࡣ

СƽʱʵͦĵģۿҶݲˣһӾżˣæͲһƵͨȥ

Ǳ߾ܽˡ



˺һ־ŻزЩΣǸɩе顭ˣأ

־ϸһ£ɽʯľӦҰ⡣

ƽʱԼͻҶһȥҿռ鵹ǲ֪



ˣ㿴ǿһ㡣ͨ鱦ʱ

ҶݵǺ侲ͷһۣǸСϿȣǰûʲôŴʱסڰС

ڵ޵ġľ֮ǰҲڵأȥĻ鷳ˡ

ҶݻûиôǱ֮ǰ»һ˳

ΣգҲתΣΪʱ򶼵õԼҪԴǹһ㣬һʿԣȻ顣

Ϊޡ

ҶݵҲŭξҶݶԸеκһΣûʲôͬ

һȺûϢҪ˼һЩ

Ҷݳ˳˼ͨ鱦˵󷨵ĺۼ𣿡

ˣղУûˡ

Ҷѽȵվ˹ľϣϸһġϸžȻһݡ

Ҷݣ

ٺ٣ˣ̬Σͨ鱦

Ҷݾͨ鱦ԽԽˡ

ȻıɱϾǵģЩҶݶֻ̣Ҫ˾ͺá

һְһұϣұֳ󷨵ĺۼҶ۾һ˴Ȼһ

Ҷݶⶴɶ˼ڴòδؾûкö

һŤͱ˽ȥ

һߵŸˣѾȫҶݵӰˣʶɫһ䡣

Ҳû취ֻվŸɵָۣо֪жܡ

һӶҪɳˣ

ȷһţҲ˵Ŀռ䡭ҶݸڰУɫӣֻϧѹûע⵽һ㡣

ˣȻѾˣûмܸӾС˵һ̤ߵģ

ʲôã


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ĲѣҶѾصˡʱɽ´˽Ų

Ҷݱ

ԭƢȻܱˣȽ˵

ϾѵõĻԵڣΪңռƺЩŹ֡Ҷݾȿ˵

ķ羰ȷ

ǿ쿴ƣþ͸ɾƵģлԭЩ̫ˣҲǰһĻϲˡ

СĵӨӨ

ǰɽȺÿǺÿƣӯӯɾ̫Σˡ

ʮˣлʶһӨӨֿ˸̷߳һۡ

ٺ٣ǿķ羰ȷɣԺ˻ͳΪʲô򿨵ء

ͷĺٺһЦЩ˵

лͿ˲ԶҶݺʶһ

̷߳۾ˣԭΪŮû뵽ֿˣҲ˲ϸ˸ʶæ߹ȥż˷ܴкǺãּˣҲ𣿡

СǿҴСﳤ󣬴ɽߵҲһСʱߵ졣

ҲҶݺۣҲ֪ãٶȿ죬һеģһ㺹ûг

˵ʵЩ

Щˣ˵䲻µģĲŮҲ⡣

Ȼ뵽ʲôʱӸˡ

С֪ʡڻвٷ羰ĵطҪҪҴȥ

Ҳͷ͸Լ⡣

ͦģԼôΪ飬ͣôܲأ

Ҳǿ仰ȴżĲˡ

пռڣôȺѧͦ鷳ġ

ⲻͨķ롣ͨԽٽӴԽá

ôЩѧ뿪أ

ھûô̬࣬ͦõģǿƼ磬ûˣˣЩСӳţ»֪ηӻͦɰġ

Ҷǵ͵²ؼ߸߹ЩԼĺ󱲣Ҳģһ㶼ġ

ռ鶤йϵͿԾ뿪λ棬÷ģȴܵôطһѣȴûʲôչ

ҪΪҲûˡ

Ҫǻһˣ̬һı

Ҷǲˡ

еӣżˡ

ͦΣյģҪ߰ɡ

ܾ˺ӡ

һ˲䣬Ҷݾ֪ʵͼĵ˵ͷ˾ͺˣɽɡ

㵵Ŀһۣöֽӡˡ۾Ц䣬ţã

ΪҶ˼ܸˡ

ﻷͦõģǲĸ𣿲Ұĸհɣ

̷߳ǰ˵

ڨ˼ͺˡҶûǿãҶϿ˼޹ǳ˳飬ܾˣлл㰡Сѡ

ˣ

ҶݸݣȻʮᣬȴˣٴѧҵˡһ

ǹ̷ܸ߳ССѡһѾҶݾ϶ʶĽгģԳһЩ

СûЩé®ġСѡݴ㣬δҲ̫Բˡ

ǣ˵ͺˡ˼һﲻ͸ӳˡ

ߣȻһ磬üͷȻ̷߳磬̷߳Щž͸ڽ˵Ƶġֻ֪ڽϾ

ģ̷߳ɫһףһŲȿգߺһ±ߵȥ

Ҷݣ

ȻߣΪЭṤ꣬ɱϻһѪꡣŶۺѪ̷߳ȻƣɱϾȥôᣬԼǰԼϾСĵȥܲܡ

ֱȥˡ

һ˶ˣȥ˲ŷӦʱɫס

ңǱɣ

Ļǲֻ޴룬ģڸ̷߳ǸСﶼûˣǾ̯ϴˣǸֱӾͿˡ

ѽ˭֪Щ˾ȻѪꣿ

ҪǱ֪һɽһͱһ˵ˡ˼Ҳӻ

ô죿

ҶޱĿȺˣȻȺҲûָҶݣǾۣͻСأûʧ붼ʹӲˡ

ָ

һóֻһƬδֻûźšУźҲã绰ôóȥ

˵ʵ֮ǰGֻ˵źŻ᲻ִ˭ôֻ˶òã

㣬ôһ㶼żղǲͬȥģ

лҶһ㶼żʱںȳߣһˣһҪ˵

ҲΪ̫ţڳݶԵò̫


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ҶݾڵС˼̫˼ˡ

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ȫˣҶܺ𣿲Щ˵ЩȲװڵʡ

ҶݸɴûŮڴҶͦŵģһʱ֮䶼˭Ҷ

߼ǲǻͦǮģ

һսսʵ

ʲô˼лɫ˵

һڿˮͿ̷߳ǼͬҵĺøǶԼæ͵Ǳᣬֻǣǿôߵ£̷

ȥĻû˵Ǵﶼʮ޷Ǿôߵ˵ȥܻţλ˸̷߳߻ģλκһ˲߻ģǲҪΪ̷߳أ

Ҳ̫

߼ҵλүڳ˭𣿵Լǳ˸̷߳磬Щ˳ͦͨģҲС֮ҡ

˵߼ҲĻûһܹ⳥

һΪǸ̷߳ͬǵʱһҲпԭġ

ҶȤĿɫ԰׵Ůָоͺ˼ɵʱ򾭹ɵĳһطĿеЩڽĳ䣬ûķʱ

ǵı졣֮ʮ־ʡ

ҶݻעлŮƺǸ̷߳е˼ǲ֪ѡô

Ҷǣ˳Ĭӯӯֹʱ򣬵һľȻл

߻λǸ̷߳磬ֲǣڳѵԸ⿴𣿡

ĬֻǳĬ

ҶЦЦʲôû˵

šԣԣȻĶһġܿлϲ̷߳ġڸ̷߳ˣҲģһʱƲϵ

ҪΪ̷߳߼ҼǺޡ

⻹л˵ҪͳһھεĻȷǸ̷߳еĲ

û˴Ǵҵı鶼ʮָӡ

лŴҵı飬Щ߳ŭ

ѵѵλǸ̷߳߻Ϊʲôһ飿˵𣿡

ӯӯл

ôû˼εĻȷǸ̷߳߻ġǣûʲôͳһھġ

Ҷݾãһǿ̷߳ŻˣҲ֪жྫʡѾʼĳˡ

һзִġһߣֱӴµȥ϶Ҳɡ

Ҷݵðæվ̬Щִ˲ƣ

ϲ顣ղԼ

ίͳˡ

ͨ鱦ˡ

ҲȫϾʵҲйϵġϾôߣĿģȥʱѾԤԼҪȵĿĿʯȵİѸ̷߳ץסˡ

ߣǺܴġ̷߳һһװ˶ĴӲıץˡССĸоǣѸ̷߳Ӱףܲܰȫ½

һʮҪ⡣

úҪġȻԥ飬˾˵ĶԻ̷߳üͷ壬ɫӡ

ӸӵĻǰˡ

û뵽ǰһ֣һһĵĸ֡

Ϊʵӱ˵ƵơΪƣ£˼һƷòŻ鰡

ֱһŮ

һزʶġŮȥԼСԼͬѧĺֵܣȴжε顣

Ȼ̷߳ʮȺѵȷϵ󡣵Ϊ۵ˣȻʮָӵġ

˶˵ˣ̷ڲŸճ£Ǿ˵ЩбҪ߼ҲԲôˡ

ҪǱ

᯺Ҹ̷߳ĹϵǳкʵȥˡϾֹⳡԻ

ʱȻ֮䷢Լ鸡ĸоͺʲôһ

ΰɣ

Ǿ˵һǿܾѺüܵġ

ѵ˵Լø˵ڶˣ

Ļ̫ˣһ£Լܸ

ͨ鱦񣺡

ǣүүڰ㡭

һʲô𺰣ϣҰȥ

̷߳ӣŮֶԼв

̷߳磺

ǲ֪ǳðȻܻ֡žͲˣﻹأȻͷǰŮΥĸȥ

ڸ̷߳ǰһѼĻȥ

쵽±ߵʱһֻץŸ̷֣߳һֻץסµһǡ

Ҷݣæ

ȻҲ˭ҶҶ߹ȥֻ־ȥ׾ٵľͰ

ˣ

ֻǰ裿
119 ֮	



֮᯺Ϊ׵ĸ̷߳Ͱ˸Χסˡ

̷磬û̫ˣˣźŶûУСҪǾôô죿᯺Ƶﶼˮˣɼż

԰̷߳磬󡣡лҲЩ

ȻղŰԼƲĸɸɾ̷߳绹лȻǸ˵ġ

̷߳翴ûһֻۣ᯺Ƽº͵ĵ˵ͷû£λͬѧסˣ󡣡

̷߳ղŶˣԼļѶԼġϾ£ƲԼʵķӦվԼ̲סЩĺ

Ͼʬδͬȴ໥жΡС飬ô˵ǿסġһİء̷߳ɫӵĿһ

Կ϶ˣԼĲ²ǶԵġŮͨˣܹͨڵµ»̷߳翴ˣԼǸŮǱһŮһֱֻġ

̷̬߳еԼ͸СһһѾ˦

ôжƳһҶݣƯŮһ·ղŵġʿƵġ

סץסһˣʬ޴ˡ

̷߳粻֪ôԼѽԼȫȫβĻ顣¶˵ȥС˵Ƶģôߵ£˵ȥȻ

ǹȥܻɣ

ڵԣܻѾõˣЩʲôѧ޷Σž˲

̷߳粻Ը˵ͬҲʡϾҲĲˣ˵ܹ뵽¸̷߳綼ôܻŻ

˵ǲ̷ܻ߳ŻֻΪ̫˼ˡ

˵Щû˼Ϊ̷߳ѾˣټһЩеûģø̷߳ǲϣŻ

̷߳ǮǸĹϵãҲÿһ˶ôǲ֪ղ໥õĻ̷߳û

ǲô˵ǲܹ˺᧿Σ顣

߰ɡҶݶ֡

վҶȥˣãɽɡ

˵ֿ˸̷߳һۣ´ٵûпɽһСһ㣬´οɲһôõŮŶ

̷߳类ȤĻ˵ķǳ˼

˼ҵԼľˡ

ʲôϵʽҵҵøл㡣ǲ֪ԸıʽǸŵģ

òϣ̷߳绹ͦĬġ

Ȼ͡һЦ˳

һˣɣҾһҴһǮǾˡ

Ҳ˵ĻԼСֵǮҪɣɡһƤرףЦ͸ɰڼСƵġ

ʵǶ̷߳ġ

߹Ṥ˵ͨõĻֻһֶѡҲֻСĿ

ҾҵСӦøֵǮ̷߳ε˵

С˼ˡ

ȼϵʽٸһп

ЦŰԼĶά˸̷߳硣

Ҿ͵Ǯˣ˵ЦеˡҶҲûͣ

ʵҾǮӦø㡣ɽ֮Ҷ˵

ȱǮ𣿡

Զԡ

֪ҶݣǴǿ϶ȱǮģϾСϺҲȱǮ

ߺлʼɵҪŤˣ򰡣ҿڰ

򡭡л붼룬͵͵Ŀ˸̷߳һ̷ָۣ߳ڶûпԼһۣﲻЩżˡҲ֪ô졣

֮ɽ˲ˣйˣҲˣҶݺҲˣɽ·Ͼ˵ɽϺˣüѧԶ㣬ʧˡ

ҶݻʮֵĸЦ˵⼸һֱɽ£ô֪ɽô࣬ʲôѧˣ

Ҷݺɽ͵ס˵ص棬ȴͬµڼ͸ͨοһ͵һߣһ

ɽɽһ峺СϪ峺Ϫˮ˺ܶ㡣

Ϊ̬άıȽϺãкܶƽʱطϡࡣ֮羰ã˺⡣

Ͳ˵ɽϳ£ɽ˻ܶ࣬окʱֱ¶Ÿ֮ǰȵЩѧйء

ֲҵǮûأǿ治˵ǸϽ뿪𣿡

뿪·ˣҶݺѡ

ڹ۲񣬸̷߳һ£ǸͳûˡȺŮҲɽ·ˡĲңڲ̫ͬ顣

ЩѧʮˣӦΪԼΪ


120 ù	



ɽʱֻҪɵ֪ŵġ

ɽʱҶݺɶٶɽġҲ֪ЩѧĸˣȻûиһɽ

νֹ̫ܲۡڷʡһ£ɽˣݽ棬ĶˣÿϧֻǸ̷߳磬˻ͦ˼ģǼҲˣЩϧ

ˣϧһдۣһҪҵǣ

ʱҶݾԶһڴ绰绰һʮ˵ǸԶԶľʹֻͲ洫ҶݵĶ档

ǣ³ʲôʱ

һ͵֮ҪҪʬ

ǣѾѾȶӣ˻ȫѰСү䡣

Ҷԣüͷ΢΢㲻Ǹ߼ҵˡ

ȥҿոߵǸСӣЩϧŸ˵һȻҲ˵һϾǷǮء

ͨ鱦񣺡

ȻЩͨ鱦ǺȥˡҶݵΪȻûлָͨ鱦Ϊһɱѹ˼ҲǺţıһӾͼ⵽ˡ

˻ţЩڣǲЩѡ

ҶüͷǾͳְɣ˱˾УҵҲν

ͨ鱦񣺡

ǣ֮ǰȺһɽģǻúõģӦ֪һЩ顣ʱҶݿȺװĵıģվһǰҶݵĿƺЩ顣

ܿͲˡ

Ⱥѧ׶༪ٵģھֻŮ֪Ǽ飬㲻þŮıƺأ

ΪͷߣģȺѧ֮ǸͷһǮ˼ҳЩ˺ܴܾȫȻԼְҵֱӰһȺѧɽϲܸˡ

ڼȻгģǸﲻã

Ҷݺһ㶼ԥġ

Ⱥ͹ˡ۾΢΢һУһȺѾǸΧˡ

Ǽ𣿡һܼģʮȴֲʧòʵֻչʾƬȻǸ̷߳硣ҲƫƫźĻ

Ҷ˵ͷ

ţǰһǰһɽġԣɽģ󡣡

û뵽ҶݻԼһԼҲǸи̷߳к֮˶ѣ֮Ҳûʲô¡

ҲǰЩѧɽ϶ѣֱ׳

ԣǴɽˣǸǮˣǸ̷߳ģԾƬ˸Ůĺ˳ͻˣ

ôһ˼

ôߵµȥôܻţ

ȻǸеĶˣŮôܻţһǸеһʼû±ߣŮȥʯԼˣ

ԣһĻŮҲ൱ǰѸ̷߳ˡ

һ㣬Ǻˣͬɽ淢ǣǾͰȫɽˡ

û֤ݱ˵˵Ҷݿ˺һ˵

ǺƽһۣȴûһҶˡ

Ҳ˵ǵȷǶǼү

ԣС֮ǰҽ֣СĵȥˣҰģǾɽˣ֪ûɽҼϵʽ˵Ҫлҵľ֮ҪҴǮ

ԼֻǸܼģ˿˿

ȷԼү΢ţĻ˼֡

ҵˣ̫á

ʱ򣬹ܼģĶʹ

ҵˣ죬ϽǴҵˣܼģҶݺһۣϽˡ

ҶݺһۣȺ˾Ѿ׼ɽˣۿҪﱻһץסˡ

ɽϣǳ£ø֪𣿡

ӦǵǮɣǮ£ҿԺˡҶҲ˵

ʵҶˡҲ̷֪߳ǲ̫ˣȻ˽ơͨ鱦Ū㲻ó

Ҳ֤ǸνĶûʲôȻͨ鱦ıҲδܽȫȫβĴϾҶݵܵơΪҶݵıͨ鱦Ҳһ̶ϱˡ

ŵˡ

ңǮǧҪҪ˵ȥе㺦ˣҶݰ˵ȥͱһˡﻹΪ˭֪Щ˾ȻܻŻǼˣ

ֻϵùɣô

ʶࡣҶĮĿһ˵

̷߳Ǳˣһû٣ֻǣʧ˼ѣһͱƼݵģϵ·ҲͰ͵ľ͸ʧ˺ܳʱƵġ

Ҷ룬ŸǽһĹϵ

鵹ڹ̽Ǹռ䡱ʱ֮ڣͨӦòܵһƬ
121 ʯ	



Ҳܿ죬ҶϵǣΪʲôûеǸνĿռȴһԶȵŨҲ֪ô£ͺǱʲôסˡ

Ҷûˣ



ֻи鶤ԼƵķܹһɣѵôˣǴͶѣʹ˸鶤λˣ˵Ǹ鶤кüڵǵĴ档

Ҷô֪λþȻһط

򵥵İ취ȥ˽һ¡

߹Ҳ˷ܣһδ֡ЩţʶľץסҶݣû뵽ҶݵٶԶԶܹȵϵġ

Ÿ־ͿһƬӰ

ƬӰпĴ



Ҷݸһô죬ûֳܷʲôرģһѰǸ̷߳СӴ⼸һֱڻҶǲϵߡ

ڿֲǡ



Сʱ֮Ҷʧ뿪Ǹռ䡣̫ˣôô׵ľҵ鶤λáֻΪнƵĴطһ

ʱ䱻һܱյĿռ澹ȻһЩԡ⻹Ȥ

廹¶ġҶݲ̫İΣ߹Щ˹ƿҶҲϡ

Ҷݿ˼Ҳ˼ҡͿ

Ҷݴǽˡ

Ҷݣ

صѧУ֮Ҷ˵߹Ǹռ淢˴ʯ

߹νʯҶҲʯ˼࣬ʯͲˣڶ࣬ȥ߲ĺܣҲ߲ܰʯͷͷ˿ҪϸһЩһЩ

һʯͷֻһͷ˿ϸ

Ǿ͹ϲҵʯˣڼҵҶҪҶһЩʯҶһҲûѵˣϾҲһ㹱׶ûС

ĶûƵϰߡ

Ҷݣ𣿡ʱͬѧһ仰Ҷݵ˼˻ʱҶݶܣкܳʱûѧУˣѧУһҲࡣ

ԼλҶڷ˵

Ҷ͵ػˡ۾ķǳƯ

ԭòǲҶݹԼ壬ڻûҶݡģʱ򰵴һЩϸ֮ǰԼԭģԸԭ;¶ˡ

˿ǡҶݡԽԽƯˡ

ãʲôãҶݷʡ

ôʵʱѾ˿ٵĴӹٵĿһ۴⣬Ϳ˶ޡ

㲻ðɣͬͬĸ

һԵĶʱˣҶݵãǾûʲô۵ġ

Ҿ˵ǸôãһҶһնǳһ㶼񡣡

ҶһЦ˳ȷһ㶼

ԭҲҪǶ޵òĸ١ԭҶݵòĸ½ѩǱߣҶ޹ң崿Сң˵էһû֪֮ͬĸĽÿ¶ǽá

Ǹ޺Ŷ˵ء

ҶݿһһԵͬͬѧԼʧһʱ䣬ͬѧԼƺࡣȥͬѧЩεЦЦ

ҶݣҲǺ棬㲻֪㲻ѧУʱ䣬޺˶ˣȻȻ˵áʱǰͬѧأ

ǲţǸŮҲš

ҶݿȤǵġҶݵͬӺȻ̧֮ͷˡ˵Ϊء

Ҷһ㶣Ȼ֮Щ벻˭ʱͷ˷ԭǶμ䣬ŶǸůУŶ

ǳȥһȦôѧУЩ¶͸ϱһ

ѵÿҶݴ㶵ģŵӼ˵ˡ

˭ϲ޺ͦϲģźһ÷ĳŮѡ

һȦҶˡҲ˵ŸŮսֱŤȻ޴ȥˡ

Ȼ޾ͱŮǱߵĹ۸ˣ޾ûͷûԵ˵ԼҶݵáҶݵѧУҲһŷҶֻǵѧͦ˼ġ

ǰǰһëǮϵûУΪʲôƵȥ

ȷе˵ԭݡ˵ԭ˱˶ߣҪƽϢԹšҶָͨ鱦ȷһ¡

Ŷԣ˼Ҳ˵Ϊԭ֮ŮܶȥҶ˵ĹϵһʼҶϲ޾͸

ڸҲûϵΪʲô޸Ÿˣ

ҶݶеƺͿˡҲͦģԴҶݡί뿪Ҷ֮󣬾͸½Ҹһҩ˾˾һƷٵĹЧʱ׷ıƷ

Ѿ׬ˣڶ̶̵ʱھ˵׼ˣ


122 	



Ҷ˻ڵóӶˡ

Ҷ˵ӲҲҶˡѧУҲҶүӺҶ󶼷ˣǻΪ½˰Ҷݲˡ

ʵ벻͸½ҾΪʲôô

޾е˼ˡ

ԴҶ뿪Ҷ֮ĸҶҵӲùˣ֮ǰȫͲһΪҶݲҶҳΨһĴСˣԺҶҵԴ㲻ȫϣҲһɣ

ûУʲôûУ׼һվȽŸͦŸӣѾ׵ȫˡ޾ⲢԼҪĴС

֮ǰĸһʱ

ʵŵҲһɺϡʱ鲻ãſ˾һû¡ȫ˵ǳһʿ

һʼźȫΪҶݵδ



ΪĶѹʱһ䡰ôˡ

յʱΪСְͲѧУҶݸˡǶû뵽ҶݾȻˣǱ½˲

Ҷݵʱ޻Щġ

㣬ô㲻ǡ

Ҷֻǿһֱۣ߹ȥˣ͸ȫûƵġ

ޣ

ȻҶݻǼǸˡ

ѧУÿ춼µ鷢ÿҲµķҶݲ뿪һʱ䣬ͬѧǾͽİˣŵ˹ԶŷͺڣҶֱע⵽ˡ

һΪѧУķȻʲôõķ棬ҪǽУŵĸ֮УΪ˲ܵġ

޵ӲùôҲû뵽ŵ˹ѧôǰѧУûмġ

ŵ˹ǳĹѧУܹܵһʵǾ˵ȷǷŵȵġϾǷֳ࣬һǮȨһûǮûȨ

ȻҶŮն

кȦնĲûУ˼ҼҵĴС㲻ǶޣˡƽʱǲǲǼնģǾֻǡˡ

ͨѧУǰ׸һŵ˹ʲôˡŵ֮кͬͬѧΪ˱ȫԼѡ־롣

ϾҺϼҲõ

޺סҶݡ

ҶԼб£ܷǳ½ҳ˵½үӻרִһҹ˾ҹ˾Ѿ׼ˡ

ͷʢġѩҩǲǲ

Ҷݣ˵ã𣿡

һŵ˹ĳԹȺںȻ֮Ҷݵĺ˵

ҶݽûУŵ˹УʵܺÿխװϥȹѧͰѴУˡţп㣬Ӱ׳

ţпɫĽɫĴָСƤЬڵϷա

˵꣬աͣˡ

û£ʶҵĶ֪ȥˣôãҲ˵ǣֻС£Ұȴ˵ͬĸá

Ҷ䳰

˿޵Ǹͺܲˡ

ŶԭǸ˽ŮŶŶ˼תˣ˽ŮתˣֲøҴŽѧУҡΪ

Ҷ֮ǰҶҾѵȦܶ˶֪

ͬ˾ûвģرա

һͣ¾ĸԿı٣жͣ˵ҶǿӲң͸Ÿɰ

˼һ㶼ġ

ԭҶľǶ޵ĸŶǲ԰Ҷ޹ҵٿܾҶ⡣

ܴһѧǾ⡣

ϲСһΪСǴ覵ģ

޵ɫʮѿ޲ڸضȥҶݻû˵ꡣ

ҶܿͲҶˡȻҲ˵áҶô࣬ҶͦõģҲˡҸҶǸҶϵ󡣡

֪裬ǸСңҶû˼

ͣ˶ʱЦˣǰ;Ҷ˼û뵽ô˼

Ҷ˼ڶס½𣿡

ȻأҶƳһ˵Ůһİԣ峺Ҷ룬ҲɣŲң⹫ҲйɷݸҡнŵģʲôûУҲԼ

סҲ½ңҵĲƲ

Ŷ

жڵŮǺĽҶݡ

ֱģǶǲıﳤŵѧ˼ҶݾѾʵˡ

˭ܲˣð

Щû˼ˡҶݣȻ㲻סڼҲû˹ܣһȥɣϾҪ߿ˣǳȥɢɢզ

˳û˵

ҶݿһۣеС˧Ҷ峺񿴹ʱ䶼ˡ

ͨ鱦񣺡ͬѧѣ㱻˼ҵϷˣӴι


123 	



ҶݻǾܾˣôûڲ٣ˣĸС˧緢ʲôû˼ˡ

ʵϣȷʵࡣ

ҶԼľ֮Ůʽĵ˳˳ˮСʺãǱСʦãڣɵԴбҲ

ڣЩûĵʦ棬ʦʦȫˡ

ôûбᣬ֪ɺ֮ǰҪЩǣţЩСǲŲᱻ۸Ҷôû뵽ԼĪŪôһط

ˣû˼ˡ

ʱҶݽӵһ绰ġ

ഺ

ҶݣĶأи˵Ҹط¡

Ҷɫ糣һ߽ӵ绰һ߳У԰ͬѧǷ׷עĿֻжıӰҧҶôôأҲиһҶݵˡȺɢȥ޾͸лޱһ绰

޸лޱʵ졣

лޱϵлޱ޾֪ԼĿˣҲ֪Ϊʲô

֮ǰЩԥΪ͵͵Ҷ˵˵Ҷݲô˵ĶҶҵѪ½Ұ˵׻Ҷˡ

һҶүӺҲͬġѩҩ˵ģ˵Ҷݸ˶ʵģȻ½ѩ֣½ѩǸˣ˲㣬½ϵˣǹ˾ҶҶҵĶ

˵Ժ˵ѩҩ֪ϰҶҶݣ½

ҶҶԣǲʧȥһŮҶûа취˵ԼĲҶҵѪ޾ȻľҶǶԵġԶҲˣȥҶݡ

ǲ

ô˵ɣ½ѩֻҶôһŮҶԺ׵ܼ̳ܵеģҶҸѩҩĴϰһѪôѵѩҩҶҵʲô

ڶ̲סˡΪҶݽƲԼĹϵȥлޱ

ȻҲ֪лޱΪʲôȻҪҶݡǸӣûʲôµġ

лޱˣҲ˵ﲻһˣ;ǰܲһ·һˡȥʱűݷݵ٣лĻʱ΢΢Ӹ߹ֵĲˡ

޿в꿡лޱơ

ЩĽ

ǰͼлޱһΣӡ󲢲˵ʱлޱһ顣ڿлޱ־Ǵԡ

ԲšлޱôܳˣôŵĲμӸٱ𣿶ǰȷûô棬ᵽҶҾͲһˡٳҶ˳ӣҲ˳ƳΪҶҵǧС㡣

۽ſ˲١ϵлޱϵԼ鱦һƷơһŪġ

û뵽лޱлĻĵһ仰ǣҼƲˡ

΢΢ͣһĲ죬ٿлޱǸ߹ֵģЩšлޱһЦٴο˶һۣģҽ㣬ϣϵҶݡ

޾ԼлޱһľлƲˣҶʲôϵ

ôΪԼлޱҶݲأȻҲ˺ܶ࣬Ҷܹлҡ

ңҶܰﵽлңһҶݲϵȥ˼ǣŴ߼ֱòˡ

Ǹҿûϵ޵ԭһǻѪҲҲ֪Լʲô

תߣȴлޱסˡ

ϵҶݣǰһģ֪㲻ϲ

Ҷ˳ĴС㣬ʲôǡʧأлޱ⻰ֱ˵˶޵ĿȥˡҶʧ޵ɴ۾

ɱΥġ

лޱȻЦˣö޻ͦɰġȻֱɱҶݡõΪŮˣʹƽһŮӣôõ

һ֮ˣһ·˼׿ɲ˵ûû

лޱһĴڡ

ֻ֮ǰûоѡ

лޱԼı仯ѡһʼ֪Լһлޱܽܣһǻһǵ

ϵͳҲԳΪǣֻҪԭǸɵ

ɵȻɱ˷Ż飬ǶԭŮϵˡǵ˾ͱⱾˣӾ˳˳ˮˡϵͳҶⱾŮ˭ϵͳҲ㲻

ЩлޱȤ

ֻҪŮˣ϶ˣŲڵ˭ĳֽǶ˵лޱȷһʮѵŮˡôҲû

Ůܻеһġ˭Ůһ˭

ûë

Щлޱ߶ޡ
124 ҩ	



һɱ𣿡лޱ΢΢ͷޣźɫɫģͺǹһûرװΣɫƬǳƯǴСѧ赸Ĳϸ𪣬Ư߰ľ͸Ƶġ

ôһһŮôðȥɱأһ

Ҷµʱлޱˮ

ϾϣҶһڵˡһлޱ̲ס΢̣֪ŮòһƲ硣С˵С˵ļû϶Ƕ񶾼á

޹ȻŮǰڵһСɣרŮҶҵĹϵ֮лޱȥһҶ飬ȴ̫á

顱дһ㶼һ

ϵͳҲ˵ʲôȻֻ˵ÿ綼һ飬ԾҲǹ̶һġпǵһ뷨һͷͻı

лޱܹߵȽģöûо顣

ȥ֮󣬶޻Щ㱡ôҶݺлޱʶ

˵һԺýãǻ˵ɹؼǣѾ˺ˣôҶѧУһ涼û



ҶݹȥǸҶתǮġ

ĸǮˣСӸòǶ˼ɣҶݲ˵һЦˣԼŲ̸ͨɣ̫ˡ

ô˵أߵͨҪܶࡣ

ͨ˻߰ʮ˾ʮ˲ˣߵƽ꣬ǻ̸ƨݵ̫áʵų̸ǰǣڳΪ֮ǰ֮ĸͺ״̬ʵõġ

ⲻǡ

Ǹ̷߳粻Ĳˡ

ֻû뵽СӳԺ֮Ȼ˺ôһǮһǧء

ͦģ˵ͨĻֵǮԼǰżٿǮ·һƿǧǮĻױƷҪü죬һǧ򣬻ǰõģȷʵӦøһ¡

ǮҶзݵġԾʹ绰ˡ

˰ɣ̸ͨʡ

֮Ҷ˽˲٣ѾͷϳɣʵϲǸѧУжĲˡǰȴװҶݸ㲻þһжСƨֻʵǿһ㡣

ڹûеģҲܵĺܿ졣

ᣬܡǺðɣǼзݣһһΣ˭ҲԿҶ˵

ҲãֱӾȥаǮתˡҶλ½ңȻľ͵õ½ȫ˵Ļӭ½ĹѶƵȥˣֻǹ˵þûˡ

½ۣŤŤĶҶݸĹ˲١

Ҷ½ҵĻ԰ɢ߹˵Ұҹùֻһ

ûͷûԵģҶѧУʢĶ顣½Сӻ˼лл㰡

½ûͷֻǴ΢΢

˺ܶ취ҲûϵҶݡû취ֻøҶǸ˵ģǶһ̥ʮ࣬˺ܶౣ̥룬ÿ첻žţҶѾܾûˡ

Ͼ˵飬Ƕǲڵġ󲻹ǿɫࡣڵĶپҶȤ

Զû취ֻҶˡҶͲСŮ˵Ůɫͺ



ȻĬҶ½ǸҶռˣվǲġ

Ҳ̫áһ

ǴСԵʣΪСĺӳ޾ϲ̨ˣСϲ̨ͱԸķ档

Ҷ󿴵ֱü崿ģһһ£ģͳʱеһȡ

Ҷһס

ˣְûй˼ֻǺ֡㲻ǲϲʲô

ûС޸Ͻ˵ͷԼʵûвϲ㡣˵Сľ͸èƵģΪ鷿ҶҵĸܺãҶ칫ʱϲ˴š

鷿廨ص

޵èҲҶҲ˼֡

ŮҶü

ְ֪ˡǸûĵģˣѧУ˵֪ġ

˵ѧУ޲ɫĸҶҩ

ҶüͷȻĸˡƢ֮ǰ˵֪˵ûְҲҾǣѹ

úӡҶϧ˵

ְѧУһ¥ôҶ֪ǰְֵ飬ҶŮ

æм̧ͷܿ͵ͷԼ

ллְ֡

Ҫĸͷ͸֡޺޵

ʮ֮У޵һʹޣԼΪʲôնҶأҲǰְֵŮ


125 С	



ְ֣һ֡

޷·

ﻵˣҪһ֣ٲ˽ʾ֭ĸҵŮĸҵǧС㡣ҪҶ˿ֻҶҵļŮҲҶ

ĪĶ

ܹˣ

Ҷǰʱͦųⶡĸӵģ뿪ˡ벻Ҳû취ǸҪעĳŮˣҶݸ˵Ҳô˵ˡ

ҶԼΨһŮȻͿʼϡˡ

ðְ룬黹үү˼

ϸڽǸĸΪʲôҪүү˼ŮŮֲ̳мҵͷʲôˣܵܲӼ

ʵ벻ס

ϰˣ͸趡һϰ˴ߣԼʵ¶ԸŮҲվɱ游Ůˡ

ȶ޻סͷʱÿҶǣְֵı鶼ǳĽ֮ġڶûˣеֻǱϵĶģԼš

Ҷš

ֻÿЦ

ǺãҶְֵģ㲻Ҳԣ֪ǰְ۰Ů㹻ˡֻնǸְһҶҺѹҲΪҲס

Ҷݸ׸ʲôһëϵûС뿪ҶҾûˡ

Ҷͳһס

úӣίˡְָ졭

Ҷ˵Ҷ˵һ£뵽ԼϵŮʱաְָһǮⲻϸ߿ˣѳȥ棬˼룬ǰְ۰ŮҶҵǧС㡣

ãллְ֡

ˡǰøһѵ顣ǾĲˣҶҪôҲСĴ鷿ȥˣʮĵĴš

ȥ֮ɫ͵

޾ʱǳɳˣ˳ɱһСˡֻлޱŵҶݣ˲ִͷɥˡܿҶ͸תʮǮʱö޸

ϾǸʮĺӣ˸Ǯʱѷյˡ

лޱǱߵȲˣлҵȷ⣬⻹һһϦģҲ˵л⵽лҴǲһ͵ġټ侮ʯģлҵȷƲˡ

лޱָҶݵȣҪȻ㲻Ҫ͸긻ˡ

ԶϵģлޱСܵĽˡⲻж䣬ΪһϵҶݵǸþǻһ¡

ϾתҲίֵܵ帻̡

ϵ˶ޡ޸ҪҶݿ»ŵ˹ΪҶݵĹϵáлޱԼ֮ì̯˸лޱ˵

Ҷ軹ŵʱ͸ҰһˡһǶ֪İɣ

εٺöǷ̫ƽʵʢ˭֪ǰҲǵֻΪԼֵ˲֪

ŵ˹֪֮С˵涼ƭ˵ġ

ʵЩӵмɵӣ

仰˵Ҷ࣬Ǯ׸飬ЩŮҪиŵĵ༸ͬĸֵܽʲôϡģ

񶡻ĴӵŮ˻ܼ޽Ҷң

氮СؼľһһʼҲȥ磬˵Լ費СǱͬѧÿɵһ񿴶ˣ޾Ͳˡ

Сλֳܾ֤ܵݡ

ҲͼģңҲĸҶֲǣ

лޱЩ⣬ԭУŮҶݵöޣǾһ䴿İʲôǰûȫǱ˵Ĵ޹ġ

ôܻһ۵㣿

ǴҲܳԼСŮ϶ķϣ޵Ҫιȥ֡

Ƕ޸СŮԭĽϵáڽǰˢڸСС׻òԣ

лޱѾʮˣͲŵ˹ˡҶݵҲšھ֮ǰҲĪȥעһµ꼶ѧáҲлޱҶݲ˽⡣

ž֡Ťͷϵͳô£ҶݵİôһƲϵģ˵æҶϵõĸҶ̧ܵĻ

һŮ䲻õŮǰȥˢڸ

ϵͳ˵еҪæµС

лޱˣϵͳסǸϽҵҶݣȶһ˵

⣬һ治֪

лޱѶȻҶ˵绰

˵ŮҲ˿ߣ𣿡лޱȻ֮˵ϵͳǱ߳ĬƬ̣ԡ

лޱ۾һӾˡ𣿡

ǿԵģÿһ綼Ƕһģÿһ˶ԼˣʢҲˣҲ˥ߣʮֵù
126 Ϊ㱨	



㣬ÿһλ֮ӵʢģͨ˵˴඼ࡣϵͳĻеԺﴫлޱȴ̫⡣

ǾʹӶ޿ʼˡôҲǶŮ䣬ǱȽҪķɲǣ

лޱЩʼ˷ˡ˵һ飬ôҶݾŮΪҶݵļãǾǹǰڵĶŮ䰡ֻлޱַһ£Ҷһң϶Ǳ͵Ů֪λȡҶݵˡ

Ϊϵͳڣлޱһ㶼

Ҳʲôɵ𣬱ϵͳ֮;ϵͳһǶԼġΪ󣬳Ͼûа׵õֵͣȻϵͳҲкôġ

Ƕ˷һЩѡһ㣬лޱҲϵͳɹˡ

ֻϵͳƺһĻе֪Լ飬Ȼһ춼ûУֱӳˡ̬ȷлޱˡ

ϵͳ˵ǺĹϵȻǺϵʲôµģڻݡδ֪лޱǷһ֡лȻûˣΪлҴС㻹һЩĵѵģЩصĹϵ

лޱⷽˣؼʱ̣ܹϵͳ

ȻڻûʲôɹҲżϾҲҪϵͳİִܹ㸲ЦЦпҪ˯лޱģҲӡ

ˣ˵Ҷ֮ǰǸؼҵλ˻Լ᲻һ֮ӣ



һϵͳĬƬ˵лޱĥһҲòһǹҶôһǿдܶС˵ģ˵ʲô֮ܰġĻҶΪŮͿˣȻҲǺ

лޱԥƬ̣׼öԵ

Ҷ⼸춼ʵʵѧҲһ

ΪԼлޱˣû뵽ȻѧУԼ

ɫⲻ̫á

ҸʲôҸ˵ĺˣû취㡭

ͼлޱЦЦ޷ˣȻлޱͦÿġ

ֵ𣿡

ϵͳûлޱҲû̫ߴ٣˺һϵͳĻе޵ֵߣ벻Ҫ̫ϣ

ʱϵͳȻ֮䷢ľлޱһ⵽ֵ棬棡ֵߣ֮ӣ

лޱһɫЩס

ʶΣŷֳԼ˶ûرķӦҲζϵͳӦֻԼһ

Ȼա̧ͷһһǡҶݣ

ʶˣе㵹ù˼ˤˡŵ˹УǰȹһˤǺŮƣرҵĽų죬ȫУͬѧ棬վվӱжǱˡ

ҸضֱҿذԼˡ

ôôùأ

лޱ˶޵˼Ϊ˱Լ˵ԵʣлޱעѾҶˡΪϵͳ˵Ҷݵֵʵ̫ʢˡ

˵ֵĻһһ⣬ôҶݼֱһߴ۵Ĺš

ֻ˶һˣ·ˤӣҶôˣһЩлҾͺˣҶҲǴ֮ӱһͨ˰ˡлޱ۾췢ˡ

ô۸𣿡

Ҷ۾

ͨ鱦ҲãлޱһѾԼ˵ı͸һ鵰ʷǳḻһ֮Բ˵Ϊͨ鱦÷̫ˣŮСŮһ㶼䡣

ޣ

޸ܾҶݽ֣޶ҶݣʼμԼ裬ʱͷĽһ㡣

ҿǼǲס˵˶ٱˣֻһ

һһģֻҶǿԼģֻҪйԼһᵹù

Ҷ޳ƤʵѾͨ鱦ȥлޱϵһˡ

лޱ壬ҶһʼͷˡμӸ߿ϾһʮҪĻȻˣҲ͸ӣŪ״ԪҲУմӽҳͿлޱжޡ

˶ԭ˵ͦҪġ

һǰãһǶԭ˵ˣг𣬴һˡһġ

ͺܲˡ

ҶݹһᡣչͿлޱͷϸһɵĶȥǸ壬ֻǲ̫ʵֵͦģ忴ͱͷС

ġҶݾ뵽ԭ

ԭ˾Ǳôߵģõģڸ㱨Ҳһ⡣

Ҷݣ

ԣҡ

лޱ̫ˣֱǵȫѹ

Ȼ޸һ϶ҶݡⲻҶݲԼ𣿶˵ģǽõĹϵȷãҶݳ

͹ˡ
127 	



Ҷʵ֪лޱģյǵʱͨ鱦֪顱˵лޱĶԭˡ

ͨ鱦Ǽһʱûһ滰Ҷû¡˵ҶӦǲʶлޱġ˲졣

Ȧǲ󣬶ôһЩˣһЩĲôСԲ졣Ҳ顣Ҷһ½ңлҶûʲô̫

Ҷ˽⣬лҵĲҵȽϸӣһʼлүĳЩ˵ҵϴ׵ģΪྩֻĸģлҾͰҪҵתƵྩˡ

仰˵лԭĴӪྩںǣֻô귢չྩѾлҵҪҵˡ

ձ

лྩҪҵûˣںǻмлޱǲģԲ֪Ūһ׼ȡҶݵˡԭڣ϶óˡ

ڵôģ

ҶݾͿлޱһۣ̹ȻĳԼݣȻлޱϹȻ¶˾ϲı顣

ǣ

лޱҲŵ˹ҵġ

֪

֪лޱЩҶ֪ԼҲ⣬ԼԼһҲͻ

ȦĴѧУ׶԰Уһ

лޱ

޿ҶݺлޱһһģȻȫԼЩޣԼղôùҲҶݿЦ

ĵߣͱһԴɲɵģĽųơҺƽʱ˴׿㣬ҪȻЦɾִˡ

ֻƲôˡ

Բͬѧû°ɣ

ʵƽʱڽѧ¥¥´ŵ˹˵򳡣ܽܵȫһ򳡡˭öأ

ãڽѧ¥ſڴˣôһ

޲ԼĿ꣬лޱҲùȥʾġ޲ҶǰˣûǸֱתˡ

ҶݾͱȽֱˣüһһֵ㱳ľҪùҶݶлޱǸ΢ЩȤˡͨ鱦ҪȰĨɱȻȥ֮ٺúô¡

ҶݻøԭЩ鷳ڱϾطĺù

ʱæͰлޱˣû뵽ˡ

Ŷԭ

𣿺ɰһˡ

лޱĵɲ𣿵ȫѹˡȻĿѾﵽˣͿһ㣬ϾҶôˡлޱ΢΢ЦЦģҸʶ

Ҷһɻ

˵Сѧ٣Ҫһᵯٵģҵ֣ԡ

Ҳ磬Ƽ㡣Ϊ˱ʾ⣬ԡлޱ̯̯֣˼ԡֵҲʮֵ壬óлһǷ˼ϵġ⻰Ҳͺƺƶޡ

ŶԭҶݼװԼ˵ʲô

ŵĻʲôʱ򣿡

ŶӦòᵢ̫ʱ䣬ĩеĻϵϵˡ

лޱʱģϾҪҶݾ͵Ҫҵڡ

ѧУȷŻģҪʱһѡϾѧֻϾǶѧõģҪ⣬ʱ䣬ÿС

лޱҲ˵ٻ

Ҷݾú˼лޱ̫˼ˡ̲סҪӦˡ

ĩӰѧϰͺãУֻǶ٣ʱϵҡ

лޱû뵽ô˳ȻһҪʱ齨һȷʵͦġ

ֵֻѾùˣлޱҲں顣

˽ϵʽ֮лޱ뿪ˡ

ҶҲص˽ҡҪ߿ˣڰž߿ʣ¶ʮһ죬а¾Ҫ߿ˡÿһſεʦץʱ临ϰǰϵѧϰЩһѾ

Ҷݵͬʮ棬Ҷݴ˴üͷתͷ

ôˣ

ûʲô

뿼ʲôѧ

ҶС꾪ˣҶĴС㾹Ȼ⣿ҶСһֱ֪ҶݼҾãҶϼŻ½ϼšҶСļҾãٶҲ֪

ƽʱͬѧǰ䡣ֻҶڵĳɼͷǳţơҶС˽ȸС˵ҪҶݡ

ֻ˼ҼôûôѧϰôԼΪʲôܸŬأ

ҶСһ룬ϣԼĸ߿ɼܹҶݽһ㡣

ԭû飬ѧϰɼҲǵţԶĸţ㲻ϺҲ㲻ϲáھͲˡ

ҶݾͳȫԸѧıˡһЩѧҪϳҶݡ

ҶСȴС

ңҵȻ뿼õĴѧ

š־򡣡Ҷݿ佱
128 Ҷݵ	



ҶݵĻҶСӲ˼ˡ

أҶС귴ʣһڿ۾Ǻܵ͵ģÿһѧʱڶеһͬѧԶͷԶûʲôڸСѧϰǿ

ԸҲӦıȽ

ԭԸԵ˵̫ãƽʱҶСġҲ֪ͬǲƽʱٻ˵

һʱ֮ҶС;ҶʵһͦõˣֻƢ̫áȻʱҶС·ԸҲ˺ܶࡣ˶ƽ

ʵֻǼҶݲԶŸжӡ

ҶС껹˵Ҷ֮٣Ϊ˾֢һ˵Ļ⣬ҶСҶݵĹϵûе̶ȣҲ˼ʡԾ͹ĨǵҶȥĶϴѧ

˵ϴѧ룬ôĲ϶ء

ҶСҲԼŪˣҶݸûأֻأǾˡôʸոպá

Ұҵ룬ǡҶһ£ԼĻԭأԭⱲӶûʵ˰ɣ

ԭĸ½ѩѾˣҶһС

ԭֻҪһҸļͥȻԭСʱ򲻶µʱ롣ѾˣҲ뷨

˵½ѩҶа취ܸĸžۡǣ½ѩȥѾܶˡ

ȥ֮ϰǻᣬ˶ɻˣû취ˡ

ᣬʬƶɹͷˣҲû취Ҷ治֪ô˵Լʲô

⣬emmmʵ˵Ҷݴû

ӳʼŵ֮ŮҪʲô룿Ŭţġ

Ƕûһʿ

ȥŵӣ˼ܶϣԼΪǣӴ˱졣پǷ

ҶҲȻȥϽʦʦʦǡٽĿ͵ʱ˵

˭Ҳ֪ߵļ޾ʲôط

ҵ̽ءҶſںߡ

ȻҶСóݵԼҶݣ

ǵԱ𣿡

ɣࡣ

̨ϵʦʵ̫ü˵ʲôֻ˾Ȼ˵СЩ졣ҶʵǰĴͷ֮ǰġ

ҶС꣬һֱûʲôڸУÿο֮ɼͺдڸˡ

ҶݺȻ֮ͿʼŬˣô˵أʦڰ칫ʵҲ̸۹ӡ

һǱɡʦ㷢˵Ҳûеõˣ͵û

Ҷݾ͸ҶСһڿΣȻͱʦ뵽칫ȥˡڶ죬Ҷ뵱Աڰ༶ﴫˡ

Ҷݣ

ϻؼ֮ҶݾͰͨ鱦ųˣͨ鱦˿ƬʵҲû˿ӣҲ֪һʲôʱ򿴵ģͻһʮƯСһпվڼ￴ӡ

ҶסԼķӣһסҪȻʵǲ֪ô⹫ͣһôСк

ʱƯСкһĶŹһһģһһְȥͦġҶֱܹ۵ĸܵ壬¶ƭˡ

Ǹʲô

û˺һС˵С˲ǹģСʲôûɣ

ȷʲôû𣿡

屻Ҷôһʣŵûһ

ǣһ㶡޵ˣлޱҸɵģͰ˦лޱûİһܹձ˵ˣ

㲻˵Ҿˡ

Ҷв

𣡲ҪңҪң

󺰴УлޱǰĵǱƸͦߵӣھ͸һҶһſھͰȥ

һ壬òӵǣʮϧԼСġ

ոγɵʱججʲôоûУĸߣ֪ľ͵˷䣬ε꣬Ҳʶ˺ܶ顣

һ˼˵ϴʿһ΢ĩĹҲеõ˴УͿʼҸɢ

ͨ˿϶ǸоģΪ壬ܹܵõԾľ˼ס

ͲСˣԸҲʮж˹֮Ҳú΢һóͿʼҡײƭʼմǲݣȻһմǲһ߻˵ʲô˵Ҫһϵͳ֮Ļ

Ȼ͸˽ӴС˵

ǺҪһ㡣

ڰԼˣ˵صһС

Ȼе汾£һƴù˼һȺ˰ǵ΢ĩĹǿ϶ġֿʼĴˣΪ˵ʱˣҲĳЩЩ

˵װơ


129 ϵͳ	



ΪһĹϵģϵͳһˣһͿʼĹҲһֶΡ

һҲǴֻϧ;ϡҲһ֣屾һǣõ˶˵Ȼǰһġ

һüνˣлޱǵһȻҲһϾܹһֻ޶ë

忴ÿϵ˶ǹ̶ģֻһȺ޶ëʱ䳤ܻµġڸ֮ܡżʮŻỻһΡ򡱣ͨ˶ԣʮһˡ

ԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽˡ˭֪ȻҶ﷭˳ôҲǳ˾ԸҲĲˣ֪ԼɲҶԼҶŸ壬ɴֱӰʲôˣȡ

ˣ޳ǲװˣÿζȡһЩˣҲǿ˵ģῴ˾ʹˣһˡ

ʮֱ΢

ˣҶ̲סˣ𣿡

ʱһ£ðɣˣҲϣΰ絹ûжֲεģֻһ壬ҪΣѶȻͦġ

ʱ㶼ûмװϵͳװģСģˡ

ֻϧڣһûͬĵļһû캦ķϣҶҲһôײвģҲûͨ鱦ˡ

ͨ鱦Ϊ˻ʮֵź

һߣлޱصҾæĺϵͳôĬϵͳһԲлޱʮֵĿֻšոհϵͳʱлޱҲֻŹֻδ֪Ŀֻš

ʱлƲлޱӴ˴һǧСһͨˣǸʱϵͳĿֻŴűȲлƲĿֻš

ϵͳ⹷Ҳʮó̽ģ֪Ŀ־壬͸ܹؽлңֻҪҵֵߵˣ⹷Լõ˵ˣջ˰ԼֵʱȴһƵᣬӡ

Ȿͺܹˡ

лޱܿܲסջˡû뵽ոӦһϵͳϵͳͲˣ

лޱãűȴû󶨹ϵͳӵĿ¡Ҳܸ߱ˣлޱԼ⼸֢ˣǲΪƲܵĴ̫ˣԲþˡ

ҪȻôԼϵͳء

ʱͽӵҶݵĵ绰Ҷôûнӵĵ绰ŵĻеĻ˳лޱ¡

ǣǴģһĶϵͳϣԴǼһơ

ϵͳûˣлޱӻ֮侲˼֡

Ŷѧðлл㣬̫ˡģľ΢еࡣạ̊́Ϊܿģû뵽һʦòڣҪȻٸ绰

Ҫ߿ˣǶԲ𰡣ҿǵĲȫҪȻұ˰ɣллˡ

ô˵лŮлޱлʮֵġЩЩ̲裬ǻ塣Ҷ΢΢üԭ϶лޱƹȥˡ

Ҳһ˲šֻϧˣ˶Ժһˡ

ԭ˵ġסھҶҶ׼úõūһлޱȻҲԭĵˣûϵͳİΪǡ

Ҷʹ壬֪ȡ˵ʱһ㡣һ˶һͨ˶Եȷܹڹؼʱ𵽷ǳҪá

ҶҲû˶Ū˼

õģ̫źˣϣѧǵĻܹ˳С

ҶҲ˵лޱǱѹû˼ףҵ䣬лޱȲĹҶ˵绰

ֳϵϵͳֻϧϵͳ͸һûаӦлޱ˼ȥֻȥԼ֮ǰϵڻĴѣҶԷѯһЩ顣ϵͳֲñ¶лޱͲܷſֽŵʣ֮󲻻ɢ

һؾǧС㲻֪˼伲࣬绰ǲԼһʾ֭Ҳ֪ôԼĪϵͳˣȻĪϵͳֲˡ

лޱԣʱעܰˡϾ̫ˡȻԼϵͳֺȻûˡһҲ൱лޱлҷĻҲûˡлޱ֪뵽һ㣬Ķˡ

ʵ˵ʵԼлҷлޱǰ붼롣ȻлҽŮҲϾһѧŸճûꡣȻи˸˵Ʋˣܾȣܻ˭Űɣ

һճûŮôͣ

ҲΪϵͳִС˵ĴڲŸлޱġڣϵͳûˡȻ֮ûˡ


130 廯	



ͬʱûĻлޱġ

лܹྩĶţĲƸԼָӵĹϵһܹġлˣ֧֧һӴĿʮСܾлϣ

ڸЦ

ҲΪϵͳлޱġϵͳ˵ˣˣ¾ܹ°빦ٸ򵥵ӣҪٳһǮĿͨҪܶಿͬʱϣÿһжҪõġ˾ͺһڶಿžһСֻÿһԼҪãղܹɹ

ƽʱȴܹһ̶ϱ֤Щܹ˳С

˵ˣл齨ŶӣҪ뷭Ȼһ־սȴǲܵ顣Ҳϵͳ֮

ֻڣʲôûˡ

лޱ˺ü춼ûеȵϵͳų׾

ҶԶԾɶˣʵԼҲܵһǵ˵Ӱ죬⹷ϵͳġԸ񡱾ôһԼͶ˼

ҪȻҲܵװʲôϵͳȡ˼ҵֵ

Ҷݺͨ鱦ļලͿʼԼˣٶȺҲʵʵġⷽͨ鱦ͺо顣Ϊǰͨ鱦㶼ģֱӾͰԼľ齻壬ٶʵġ

Ҳͳˡ

ҵƬأй֭Ҫեģǡ

ҶݴѧУͿͨ鱦񻯵СкָʹһŹ⣬Źһεģͨ鱦ָʹתҶݱʾʲôûεЩίĿҶһۣһ㷴ӦûУʱίͰ͵ȥե֭ȥˡ

֮ģԽʵΪܵһ˵Ӱ죬βһӣһˡ

Ҷݾú˼ĶҲЩȤͨ鱦컯Σͨ鱦ʮֲ⣬ǿԹķϣټԼǿӦˡ

žһ׹һ˾ͳҶݵķ档

ҶĿ˿Ǹ洫ĹΪߣòȻ̫ģôһӢ˼üĿ߱Ǳ߳ȥһƯС⡣

ͨ鱦ӣһ⹷ģģ²Ǹ˵Ŀ⻯εġ

һҶݵʵǶﻹֲǻ֮òܵӰǸ˵Ӱ졣ǲ࣬ӵжԼò

˴͸֡

屻Ҷݿ˼ۣûʲô˼ġƤҶ˳ھ͸ȡ˸־ͽҶ顣

ͨ鱦˲ˣԼô궼ûлһ˵գŸ͸ҶˣҲ̫ˡʵǲ

ʱͨ鱦Ҷ鶼ȥš

վſڵ˿һһСˣһ£ֿһԼֻϵϵʽҶҶŮʿס𣿡

û

Ҷû˵ͨ鱦ֱ˵ڼǳҶ֮ĵһˣû뵽ȥü۵˲Цˡ̫Сѣ衣

ͨ鱦񣺡

ҿȥģ

˭裿Ȼü۵ûͨ鱦ܵӣСȤתҶ飬ʱһʮֹ˵ǰҶҶǰڼҶǰйһ֮ԵҶǰ˵һҩϢ֪ͨҸĵַҶǰİ𣿡

˻Ҷһۣʮֹȵ˵ǵĺɰ

ͨ鱦񣺡ˣȫҶˣ

ü۵˺Ȼֻ󾫡ͷҩˡҶݼҲûиϾɱһõҩϢ͸

ʵϵǵѷ鶤ûҵ˵ǲҩģݾһͨҩġҶݾã⸿鶤ҲʲôԵıôôܻһ

ԣҩϢҲζĳһй©ǿԸһѰҸ鶤䡣

û뵽ϾҪμӸ߿ˣʱҩϢҲ֪ǲġ

ҶݶĿģֻڼʹģûȥţϢϽһʮӴȺʮֵǿ

ҲΪˣɾǳףеУܹΣǶĴڣǰСü۵˱𿴳òզأֻһƬΪȺӴǵ㼣鲼Ϣʮͨ

ԼΪ΢ʮʶʱ

ҲĳһϢæҶˡ

ţ֪ˡǵأ𣿡

ƺЩɵģǸط̫ΣˣǵҲ޷Ծ͸Ͻǰˡ


131 	



ԭҶǲϣģֻû뵽ȻҩϢҶûΪ⿴ȥӾͺС󾫡ʱһˣ⾫ȻҶڵɽ׻ˣʵϾǸӣû汾¡

ǸͷԵӾܿѾΣɿŻһͷ

λøңҪʲôر

㶣Ͼ¶˼ֿϲǣԼЩʿĺźƽദǱϾǾ֣ԼǻвĦģһǰϸŵʮָˡ

֪ǰɷСһСԸ̷ǰ

ΪСˣ֮;ҲߺˣδҶ֮ˣС£Ϊʮֽ

ϣõӻӦĸԼҳϡⲢʲô£෴Ļһ׮ʮֻ

ЩڴҶݡ

ҶüͷΪڣ󾫵˼˵ʵЩĻ£СҲûп֮Ҷݵ˵ͷʾϿɡ

ֻҪ˲£ҶỤš

Ҷݵĵߡ

󾫷ǳˣȻ

ʵϣʮӴ󣬾ֻͨ࣬Լֻ֮Ҳֻмǧֻ˾ġĲǱӻ˾ʶģͨЩͬ壬˾ʶ忴Ǿ͸࿴ʵһġ

ǿҶݱÿһֻ

Ҳ˫֪ġ

õԼĴ֮˲ͳΪԼˡ

ǰ˵һ˾Ʒģ֪ҩĹӦûҪ

Ҷ̧Ϣͦͨġ

ʵһҶݰ㲻˾⹫ŪģԭϵĹӦҲϵģҶݲ׼Ų¡ҲںЩҹ˾Ʒ⣬ȸ鶼⹫ڹ˾ˣʮֿɹۡҶݲ׼ֱժӡ

ԭϲɹ鱾мĿɲռ䡣Ҷݲ֪үӰ¶˭һžͻᶯ˵棬ʱһүӲˡҲ͵ǰߡ

ҶҵˣҲ͵ˡ½ҵˣҶݾÿѺദЩ顣

ԭҶݲܣڻǾͰ˼

ҶݿǸѩҩӳڶ⹫ǵѪҶռݾɷҲҪ˸ֺ죬Ǹԭһ治ùܵġ

뿪֮Ѽԭԭ϶ҲİЩ顣

Ĩȥͨ˷顣

ٺЦһȻġ

㲻ùܣǵҩãѩݵҲԸǺ

ȻǻŬġ

ǫ˵ҩһ󼫴ЩѾγһĲҵǻҼңҲӪһ顣ǸʤһҲЩżˡ

ҶݾͿվˣһҶ飬һҶݿһ۾֪ͨ鱦񣬲һ磬Ҷû

ôΪʲôСˣһ㶼ҡͨ鱦ҶദıȽ⡣ʵɽദҲĺܡ

Ҷǲ֪뷨ȴ֪һǱŤġһŤ˼ƽʲô

˵ʲô㶼Ǵģ˭ܵˣ

Ŷôһˣ

ͨ鱦ſǰı飬бۿҶһۣôҺÿɣ

ֿߵҶ飬ұÿ˰ɣ

šҶݺܸӡô˵ͨ鱦ġҶ֮ϣԼ֪꣬ӻҪġ

ͨ鱦˲͸ˡ

ֻȻ˵Ķӣ۾Ϲ˰ɣͨ鱦ǳˣڵģСӣһǳ˧С磬񴿾󣬴žںܶϲС͡ߴһװңݰ׵֡

ȻʱСһɡ

Ҷ˳ͨ鱦ëۡ

ţԣ۾϶Ϲˡ

ͨ鱦ˣߺ˵ղҲûзΪ˼Ҷݵ棬ϾһӻģôҲǰԼˡԼҶǰ״ʲôԵЩСûǰķ緶

͵˵

ȻֿʼҶһ٣֮ʲôûˣͨ鱦Ÿˡ

Ժ֪𣿡ͨ鱦ˣϵıӰˡ

Ҷ黹ôΪȲ˼ңǼµģǳȥˣϸղ󾫰λϳԼĶǷǳ˵ġ

ǾԲϵġ

ֳܹǡ

ͨ鱦ǺģõõҶݿ϶ӵȦȥԼǮȥˡ


132 	



ǲߵģҶһǳõͨ鱦㹻ˣҶڱȽϼߵġһȦǮǣǳõ뷨Ҷ

ĻԭͻӵиǮ

ԭ᲻лԼǲ֪˳ڸŪܶܶʯǷʲôģ϶Ǻܸ˵ġԭֻһˣǮԼܵġ

ҶݾòôԼǡɡȷʵռ˼ҵݣ˼еϵһ㸶Ҫеġ

ӣÿġ

ҶݶҶ˵

ͨ鱦񣺡

ֲˣ϶ܱøӺÿ͸һ

ͨ鱦񣺡ﰵˬ

Ҷ鿴ͨ鱦һۣ磬ðˡ˵ţһһģһ˾ͳҶǰֻȻٳһʻǲܶġͨ鱦СģһЩҶȥһЩһϸɲ

΢΢ţüͷһ

ͨ鱦񣺡cnm

ȥȥҪˣ

Ҷ飺

Ͱ͵ҶݣҶһ£ͨ鱦ʵɽʱùûиƱ˵Ҷݲ֪ûиʶˣͨ鱦һǳķ鱦ɱҶݾͲ֪ˡ

һﴵţƾǺ

Ҷݵõʱ˵ԼɱǾɱɡڸҶôһ֮ǰʶģұԾͳƨĲˣɷӳԸ񡣴ҲҶһһοɸĹȥ˿ԸԸҶˡ

ЩҶûʣû˵

ҶίֿҶݣȻ󿴼Ҷݵ˵ͷֻñˣ΢΢һ£һЩ۾СһЩһЩҲ΢΢һ£ܿ͸ͨ鱦ôˣҲ촽ôֵơ

Բͨ鱦ô¡

ͨ鱦ʱˡ

Ȼûͨ鱦ôÿ绹һ˧ľ춯صĴ˧硣Ҷݾ͵ȦȥԼǮһܰϵͳ϶ҲϷ

Ҷܾ뻹ûоܾͱҶȥ½ͥȥˡ

½ͥʱæⲻϾҪӰӻҲæӵ˵ȻҲæòˣ˾ԱΪľڻƽ𵵡

еѾĺ˵ӾӰѾڣҲеڼӰӵ㵱Уϲϻƽ𵵣˭֪أ㲻þܸأ

½ͥͶһգе㳤ЩֿڣǾΪôһ΢ͺˣˣΪϷǣ̺ܸߵˣԽԽߣְȨȥˣ׬ҲǴ⡣

ʤ׷ͶһգոĳһѡĿЩƣǱ˰Ȩıģ˱ѡΡʱ乫˾˺ܶˣҹϵҲйؾرμӵġ

ߵֶҪˡ

ҶݴҶ鵽˻ӴýһЩ˵ע⣬ԭͳúãҶģӳӵһ۾ˣֱӾ׼칫ȥϡ

⵵ĿкѡѡȽϼ򵥣ǿòòõҪ̭ξԼβҲҪ̭Ҷݿȥͺഺһ۾Ϳˡ

ȵȣҵʲô

㲻μǴǵ𣿡

һǽĿӵ˳־͵ڣ˸ʮּĵĸҶݽص̣Ҷǵ˻档

ɽ磬ʵÿɱԣǸ֮䣬ڲԶвͷģ˵ڵʿѡαΪѡʵʿ

ֱͷǸ߼ķȡ

Ϊǵ˻ķֻЩҶʵޣ룬û˼ڻֻҪʵ㲻Ҫˡ

ǮеǣǵǮҶݶԲֶԣҵ鶤֮ǰҲЩô½ԼѩҩܹṩԴԴϵĽǮ֧֣Ҳʲô

ҶԱĭɣ˵ʲôеʦѵһһڵıȻ˶ҪסһҶüͷû˼һסʹ𣿻Ҫôסһ𣬻Ҫ裿

УɣڲϲЩ

ҶݿҶһֵۣȻأΪǴǵĹھ֮أ

סˣû뵽СﻹͦҰĵģϲӦʱˣΪ˹ھǩǻӰΪǣ۷塣

ŶҶݵķӦЩƽȻŤͷͶҶ˵

ʺ㣬ͺúøɡ

ŮܲμҪȥ𣿡ҶƤһ°Ѹ˸ŵˣ


133 ù͸	



˵ŵһѼˣȻͼСЦһ£أ½ܵġ֪½𣿡

ɫѾĵ½ܼģСͲ뷨ͦ󵨵ġС˵ҽҶݣá

ˣ

½ͥæʱæŰռгһ۹ҰĵˣȦһ׬Ǯĵطǰ꣬ڵصȦѿڣЩʵǶ壬½ͥǼ֤һι̵ˣͬʱҲ׬ĽŲûͣһĿ鵽һĿ顭

绰ܲðʱ½ͥŸջ˵иҶݵĹ

½ͥжʱûˣͷԸ˰˼½ֱͥӴרĵ¥ȥҶȥˡ

ԭǰ̨͸˻СﱻɵģܲʶСﻹǡ׹ݡ

ֵҪǽȦһܴ𣬾ǲ֪½᲻áЩϧף½¥ӵģɼλС½ĿеλãСôܽȦĴȾף

ҡҡͷЩϧҶݸղ˵ߵǸˣ

Щ±ƣעҶϣǰСߵǸ˸ˣûס˾һúͨҪȻôӡûأ

Ҷһڶ죬˿ǹ˾Ǯ棬²ϹˣҲǺˡ

ôˣ

磬ҸƼˡ

½ͥſҶ顣

üͷСʮ˵ãѾ˹ٷ¶½֪ͥģ½ͥһõ뷨ԼҪ飬Ҳûйʣֻû뵽СþȻԼˣ

ţ

ѲͷעȦ

½ͥԲе࣬ǺܸӵĿҶһۡһ½ͥһ۾΢΢һǱɡô˵أ͸һɡ֮дš֡

˴ֱͬӸ߼ġ

ţԡ

½ͥȻƽʱĺܣú͹ǰĺܣֳͬɵģҶݿû͸Ҷ飬һԼҸ磬˵ˣ磬Ū֤ɣû֤Ҳܳ

½ͥԼôӵصڳģ

½ͥԼĵˡ

ȻҶݸûôϬ

㲻ٸ˵Ҷ㲻ҹŪܸŪ֤ǸҶŪ϶Ҳܿġ½ͥԼСˡ

ôҲҪƯС

ǩ˺ͬҶݷԸҶúóúǮȻͻѧУȴ˵лޱߣ˺üϵͳһ춼ûУлޱͳҶ

֮ǰһֱúõģҶݼһ֮ϵͳͳˡ

лޱҲû뵽ҶݿܰϵͳŪ飬ֻǾŸҶʲôϵŵ˹ܹҵҲ˵лޱҲҶݵġ

վڵҶݼĵطζѧˣ⼸ǵù͸ˡ

ŵ˹ǹѧУѧУרŸɨỊ̇ѧҲҪμͶģȻЩѧμҲԣ޾ڲһѧԹŮҪͶģһЩͨѧһ

ȻÿֵͶʱˮͷͻˣˮȥˮһӾͳˮˣڸһֵյǸŮѾԸһˡ޾кܶ˱ԼȻҲԲʲôĻˡ

ɨˡ

ˣڼҲܵù·͵͵ʲôһᱻ֣֮ǰ͵͵ҶݷҶݲϲһʯ׹ɨŮӶҳˣõҶǰ

ǸʯɫЩҶ͸ҶݵģҶȻӡΪ飬޿ˮ˵ˣҶûʲôʾ

ǶܾðְֺϲԼˣÿοԼ񶼹ֵֹġ

ֻǰǸ׹ˣԼķ治ҶҵǰǸ׹ռΪСô˵ͨΪ׹ķ棬˭Ҫأ

ȷʵҪǵʱȷʵҶݵĶҲ

ڶ޾Լ춼˵ˡù黹кܶ࡭ѾЩˣ⼸΢һˣ޾ֿлޱûплޱʱ޿ûôࡣ

ΪлޱͬһλÿлޱͲòˡ

϶лޱɵġǶ޲ǰȥʣлޱɵģȥֿԣͶ޲ŲôɵϽҸطԷлޱԼ

һͬŮһۣȻƹ˹ȥòѪ

Ǹ񣬾ͺϺһ
134 һѾ	



ԣϺ࣬ʲôණһܲί

Ůͬѧ߹ȥ֮󣬶޵ҲˣȻͿҶˡ

һӾ˷

Ҷû뵽лޱܵѧУԼ뿪ѧУô죬ڻѾûʲôӿԿˣ֮ǰйģǸСʲôţҶЩǵˣԣܵģ

˵ˣŵ˹ĺܶѧǲμӸ߿ģӨӨ˵ǳȥˣûҶݻûЩźءӨӨк棬˵ҲȥˣǰøҶϵˣҶ΢ûأСѾͷҪˡ

Ҷݾôţлޱлޱʶľһ¡

ѧ㣿ôˣ

лޱܾڸңȻû֤ݡ

лޱҶݵʱЩһѾϣţҶ߹ϵͳܷʲô͸ϴƵ־棬ϧûС

лޱЩĻ䣬ģװˡ

Ҷݡ

ıЩ֣·ƴѹʲôûϵͳİлޱ֪ĳܲлһ취ûˣҲҪúõġáΪлһ

ţ

ѧ㣬ҲμŻ𣿡ֻϧͨ鱦ҶʱߣҪȻ϶Ҷ²²ѽıҲ̫Ȼˣ˼ҵϵͳǱߣģһ޹ˡڼֱһӻ

ǡ

лޱ齩ӲҶݵľܾʮֵԣȻҶݣǺпƲԣлޱЩķҵģƫƫҶݾ͸û¸Ƶģһֱǰߡ

ѧ㣬û𣿡

µĻһҪ˵ŶȻҸѣҿ϶ǻæġ

㲻˵ǲ֪ģһҪңҵĻһʱģڸ߿顣



лޱ߾ǡˡˡֱ죬Ūһ¾ðˡ



Ҷݣ

ѧ㣬ôˣ㲻Ǹǰǰ˰ɣ

лޱʮ̵ĿҶһۣŤͷߣ͸й׷һ

Ҷݣ

վԶûҶݺлޱĻֻлޱˣҶ΢΢Цţһĺʺţ޻ԲţҶǲʲôõǵлޱˣ

лޱŻܵѧУţлޱ˵ҶݣԱˡ֪ҶһСˣСˣһ˶Ǹ㲻ġ

ҲǶ޲ϲҶݣԻô룬˶ҶкøеĴžͻлޱë

ģҶ˻û˵һԹ޵ˣ˼ֱë



ҶݺлޱѧУ˵һЩʲô˵֮϶û֪ģҶݰ˵ͨ鱦Ҷܿŵ˵˵Ǹлޱǲë

ͨ鱦񣺡

Ҷ飺

ҶҪᵽ˾ȥסʰʵҲûʲôʰҲҪ׼һЩҪȻ˾·ܲС

Ҷݸ΢תһԼȥ

Ҷ鵹ǲ֮ǰǸӰ˾һȣһʼϵTʮǮһĵ̯εһͨˣֹ˾ǼͨģȻҲмôƱʵġ

Ҷ鲻ǣ½ͥŪǹ¶Ժһ¶Ϊ˻רܵϵһ¶ԺŪһСĳɳѧϰ¼ʲôģ֮Ūͦȫġ

ҶԼϸҶݿҶݾ˼ۣԼұȴǷĵġ

ʱҶպͨ鱦ͬʱһѾı飬ûʲôԾ

ҶݽݣҶͨ鱦͸û˵ˡ

ܿ͵˸߿ǰ죬ͨлŵ˹ڶѧͳһǷɽ׶Σ߿Ҫ̣ɶǰˣ׼ĶѾ׼ˣҪúõӭοԡ

ҶѵõĻظ˺΢ţ˵ԼҪμӸ߿ʲôʱع

ǱҪʱ΢ŵʱҶѾˣʱֱһѾΪҶݸԼһѡѧأϾŵ˹ѧЩõѧ϶ѡ·

еĿԼõУ¼ȡ֪ͨҲеľͿżǮȻҲǸȴǿԼŬõ¼ȡ֪ͨġ

ҶݸĹ࣬Ҷݿ϶ҲܹõҶݸҪμӸ߿һѣɾˣȻ˼Ѿ׼߿ˣͷһ͡

Ҷֽӵ½үӵĵ绰լȥμӸ߿ʱ˾ͣĳʦ׼Ӫḻ͡Ҷûоܾ˼ҵĺ⣬߿⼸ס½լҶݽţ½լһѰӡֻүӵĽҶݻǿˡ

ҶݼװûӣǰȵĿԡ


135 ϸ	



޿÷ǳãҲùڸ߿֮ǰлޱȥˡںˣԶûúÿ

߿ǸٶЩŵû˾رھ˵۶ӡ

ͱ˵Ŀڵһ¥λþһСʱٵΪܵ¥ˣȶˣ֮ڶ

Ŷţ˶ʦΪôˣ˺üΣ費Ҫ

˵ҪȻֿʼۣλԾʲôӿµĴ谴˵һڲŻ˭˵úأľھͲȶʱһ죬ʱһ졣

ûǰһôࡣ

޾ŰѵӶŪˡǰһڣʱûκ׼磬޶սսĸûж˼Ծ档

ȿԣһȻƨɶˡ

һԾô黹㣬ÿһԣ޶ƽʱ顣

˵Ӣ￼ԵʱÿҪؼʵʱͻһ˵ǰǸ΢һ£Ǹ֨ѽһǴСɹ

Щƽʱú죬ǶȴöŴһǿĶ

Ǹаŵɺϡ

޵ӢϹɵġ

ĳɼӦû⣬ڱһѧڣ޾ãֻǿϸˣǺ

һַĸоҶҵңμӸ߿Ҳûʲôֻʱԡ˵ڸ߿֮ǰͺĲԼδĹ滮ţֻҪ˵һ£ǿԲμӸ߿ġ

֮μӶڲμˣǿķʮһѾҪá

޼Ԥȳɼ֮Լʲôˡ֪ҶݿôҶݵĳɼһֱ˵һ񶾵ͷǾǰҶݵĳɼĳɼһ

⼸ǲܵ顣ǰвأΪڼҶҪóһЩֻǲ֪ʲôʱʼһжòһˡ

Ҷݻ½ҵֺ֧Ͱ

޷·һ尾ĲˣƫƫٻָŮ߿ȡúóɼԼֻĸһپͶԶ޵ĸ߿ɼʮֿء˵Ҷ֮󶡻Ҳ֪һЩҶ˵̬ȡ

ǼȻμܲЦɡ

پͦһӹŮĸ߿

޿˾ͺܷұֳТ˳Լ衣Ƕ̥Ĳãʹˣڸ˶ˣô綼ʮ㲵ӡ

޲Ҳ봥ùͷ

裬ˣҿòҲѾȥˣͲҪˣȵʱɼ˲֪ˡ

һҲеŮ⻰ܾùֵֹġ

ޣ˵ʲôòã뿼úãҪȻүүǱôòþ͸

ޣ

Դӻ֮󶡻ٶҶǱߵ˻ûޣԼŮܱһԼСǳá޺޲ˤųȥˣסˡ

෴Ҷ߾ˡ

ӵ˺룬˵߿ʲô¶ûˣȥBȥ˳ͳʶʶҪǻԭʹӦˣҶȤǺܴ

ǽӵĵ绰˵ڶŷǱ߷һ꼫亱ҩֻǱϾʶǳ̣ҶݹȥۡҶû˵ʲôͨ鱦ȼˡ

˵ҪȥŷȥһҪȥǱ档

ȻԭʮʧĺôյҶݵ΢ţ˵Ҫ棬ҪҪʲô۾ʱһBֻʱСʱҶϾŵ㣬ճ緹Ǳ߲Ÿĵӡ

棺

ֱӰֻ˾Լ˯ˬ˵ֱ㣬ҶݲյϢ˵Ҫϸ衣

Ҷݣ

⻹ʶĺؼҴС𣿾ȻҪϸ裿ζô𣿲Ȼô˵ҶݻǸһϸ衣˵BǱ߶ûϸԭҶݻûгԭɽ磬ڵĴ½֮Ҳ½ġ

½֮ΪԭһЩչ򣬻еλõµԴͬǵķϰкܴĲͬġҶݵ⡣

ҶݵBֱӾͱ˽ӵǱȥˡҶһ۾ͿֻˣŷûͦÿģȻŷǱߵһ߱Ŀġ

ȸ˼棬ҶݲȥѧУϸ轻汾ҶĴߣôҲǰҶ߸һ˧ŷˣ棺

ҶˣҲʶǸҶˡ㾹ȻĽʶ˱ˡ

Լĸ磬һʱ֮Щ״
136 С	



濴ҶһֿۣһŷС˧磬˼ԣǲһ𣿽ҶǵûƵġ

ҲԼİ취

Ҷ㿴ѧУÿɣòһˣĸƬ

˵Ųɷ˵ҶһͨһƬԼĵĻͦãҶⲿЩģЩҪѾĵǸŷС˧ˡ

ļƵķȦ˼˿ɼһ˾磬Ҷݱˡ

ѾܳһʱûҶˣõĹϵһֱܺáССͣŸճûþܵȥˣҲ̫ģøĸ˵һпվͻáæʲôûʲô鷳

þͿƬ

ʱעԼϣǸ˧磬ΪҶݵͼֱӾͱģˣûע⵽Լڹ⣬һ˧Ӱˣ⻹ˣ

һʵ绰ʹȥˡ

һ磬һҲ

ڸʲôأ

ãʱûǸŷ˧顣ܸˣշҶݵƬȦĵ绰ֱӴˣ˵һ㶼ں˼ңҲвںʲôŽں

磬㿴ȦƬˣ

ҲûбܻҶݵ˼ֱӾ˵Բ²Ҹ˭һ𡣡

üͷţøǸѣʶû˵Ҳ˽Լĸ硣ûʣֱӿˡ

ҶݰҶBˣûҸĺǸҶݵѣһġ

ˣһĻˡ

뵽ǸԼõѣҶʲôĿǰôһЩӡɵľǶӣҶ͸Լƨɺ棬糤̵Ľš

ʲôʱţЩǲˡ

Ŷ

棺

ŶŶʲô˼氵ĿҶһۣЦ˵Ҹĵ绰㿴ҸհҵϢȦҸ绰ʹˣҪҪҸ绰

Ҷݣ

ϵ˼Ҫ̫ԡҶݲԭԺûʲôо绰ԽҲԲӣϾڴҶݵݣȻĹϵôӻҪġ

ιҶݡ



ţҶݡ

֪ʲô̬ȥǰϲԼС˵Ҷַˣţ㻹𣿿Կô

֮о͸Σ涼ˣֱüͷĸԺ׷ɩ𣿵ȻڵҶɩҲ̫ˡֻǺڶҶݲôų⡣

ͦõģͷĻԼ;Ҷͦõġ˳ȻһܱĪŮ˺á

ֻĵ˽ЩһѾ

ҪעġԺӣκһŮ춼ܹ

Ҷݸûʲôĵģ˵˼Ͱֻ˺档

ҪϸҴˣˣ˹ҵߣҵ򵼡ŷԼ֣ͽ˹

Ҷ˵ţСӾʮòĶԺ˵ͷʮƣҲһʮֿɿˣȻעû˹ϡ

Żߴã

һ£Լĸȡһ£ҶüͷҲȻǹģҲ˵һϢڰҸء

Ȼ棬ЩҲʣһҶݾȻǴŹģͷˣǻߵС˧ֻһ򵼣̫ˡ

ǣЦЦŶԭ绹ʹ㣿

û취Ӧ˵ǼүҵŪһҽҩ˾ε͸ҽҩ˾йأǼҹ˾ҵģҲǸȡ

ԣʱȻǾǰӦְˡ

滹ڹڵʱ֪½үŪһҡѩҩ˾ĲƷʮֻ𱬣Ҷ˵Чʮ졣ǲޣʮ

ԭֱҶŪУȻǮǰг˵ҶѧˣҲȥΪˣ½˵Ҷݲڼң˵飬ʲô飬ҶһĪӡ

Ҳûˡ

ٺͳˡ

˾ͰԺȥˡ˳ƸҶ顣ҪС£ͷعҡ

Ҷֿһۣʲôʱع

ĴѧһȽɣǶԿҵҪҲߣҪȥϵңҸ㡣

ԼֱһС飡

ҶݳĬƬ̣á
137 	



Ҷ˵ãȻܸˣԼҶҲûоܾӻţֻҪҶݲܾԼ棬ǸԺеǻᡣҶݳˣ㲻øͿˡ

ʱҶݻԼɩӡ

ԼǰԸҶԼɩӣȴϸţһ㲻˼ûУҶǰԣϲֵָߣⲻͦ˵СҾԸ䰡



ǰھȥǡ

˹ĿҶһۣ˵ķԸ˹һʼҲû̫ϣӴ󣬵ΪֲͬʵϲͬȺһôֻͷͷС䣬Ҳÿ

úÿûʲôãҪбܴܲС

ȥֻֻһдܣԺŷҲͳһˡ

ڵBȫ޿ϺԱȽºͣһطµʮȣ˹ǷֵҩǸطΪ䣬ӦǱԵҩҶݵǾϡˡ

ھȥɡ

˹㶣ǣھͷԸȥ׼ȥ

Ҷݵ˵ͷBвҶݸ˹ܿ͵Ȼ󱻴һɽϣ￴ȥûʲôͬҲûԵı仯Խɽ߾Խ䣬Ҷһ㣬һףĸо˲ɢˡ

ǱҶҲŷ˹һһӢǣ˹ԵƽһЩЩģһơƶǣǿ˻ŷҶһ۾Ϳλϴˡ

ԷҶݵ۵ҲżӡҪһԷͿһ¡

ֻλѾ͸Ҵ򲻹ˣŮ˲··һ㵭Ϊȫˡ

ΪֻôŮΪЩĪ⣬̫˲ˣŷŻ᲻ΪֻһƬطҪŨ

ĥҪҪңˣģֻǱߵܻѵó

εֵҲˣôˣñֻ˴Ͼ֮вܻӭһ㣬һﶼ֪

Ůʿ̫ˣЩֲסˡ

ԥһ˵бůƤëȺҲסڼģЩڣӦðСӽͬԭǻɽµһͷɵľͺеɽϷ˼ı

λΪ;ԼȥˡҸȥֲͬͺȥҲûãûñˡ

ˣһ꼫ıݺеǳҷҩĸ·һĵط·ǰһˡ

ҶȻܳһҩҪ֪ɽ磬ҩҲǱضУ΢һЩҩҲͷġ

ҶݲɽɫԽѿæǣһͦε˹˵λͺҶһˣһıɽıЩơɽı󣬹˼壬ڱ֮ϣѩףϲʳֲĸ

֮һʿְֺ޵Ĵڡ

ǵʮѰҩĺ֣رǱԵҩһһ׼޵ⶫΪͷСһС굽ȥͰҩĸˣһЩҩۡ

ûˣûĲҩһӾͿήˡ

Ҷͨ鱦ŵһһڣǵȷ˳ҵҩǲһﲻƻһҩûˣ˭ȥ

ҩˣȻ󿴿ӿǸʲôһȪǸ鶤֮µ©ҶԤУǵô꣬͸ˮԭӦһ費˶£µʱ䳤硣

ôһ룬ܵطû׼Ǻ£⣬Ϊû׼ܹһкǧ

ҶôһЩ

ͦε˹ȻѰĺ֣Ķ죬ҲҶΪߣܸĽŲȻҲԼǿһʼ̫ҶݷֲҶݶȵĸѩһӣʼҶݾ

ɽȣֽһЩֱҶҲоһ˿䣬֪ҩֽ˼֡

ף˺ȻһԷBһҶݵû뵽ҲὲBԡѩҶݵ߹һεѹϣϲ¶˼־֣ΪҶ׼ɱ˱ɱ׼

ǹѹʧˡ

Bڿˣղ˵

ѩ˾ˣɫЩѿ
138 軵軵	



ƾ˭˿סֶ޷鶼졣ҶݸղŸѩһӰ

Ҷݿģ̲סЦˣɽƢǲ͵ģǿΪΪߵ˾ǼΪ͵˲˳ۣ˳ָҲû˵ȥ

ҶݲôˣҲϰ߸˽͡ڿһϻ̳Ͽֵģ̲סһ

ģҲɱģҵôĶΪʲôҪɱ㣬ԺõĶ

ֻҪܣб

ѩ󣺡

˺㻹úЦѩЩԹ˼Ϊʱ˵ʲôˣһҲûˡҲΪûעҶôȻBˡ

һʼѩҲûʶǰֻ˲صԣֻYҲͦŵģٴżӵ˼Ҫô˵Ҫô˵B

Եģ˵ĺۼҲܲˡ

ѩ˵˵һܹεľ֡ΪǵսϡѶҲˣҲ֪֮ǰһǰԴһܹģһ׶ˣǾȻΪߡ

ʮܻӭȻΪߣʵǿһΣȺ֮лԻҲɽ˼ˡ

ܶ˼ͷ׷ŬܵȥЩɵô򵥣

Ͳ׵ĻΣһٸһǧɹһȻһܵȺһ롭Ҳ֪ˣԹǾ޵еܽƻҪ쵽ȥͬ飬Ҫôѧ㡣

Լÿһңÿһ壬жԼһС塣

ȻЩСټһ塣

ȻͱǸӶˣÿҼһνĹٷŶӣЩٷЩ̬Ҳ̫һеǸϾɱģҲеıȽѺã˵ֻ˵ֻҪǲɻ£ɱ˲ˣͿѺദ

ѩ󲢲ˣҲɱˣǱȽϲɽҩҩ

Ϊ𣿾ȻҪҩĻô˵ţԣ£ѩ󲢲Ը⣬ѩһΨһһεѩ൱ѩ

ΪΪŷߵͷ֮¡ǲѩ档

࣬͵͵İҩˡ

Ȼû˼ûģˣҡ

˻զأ

ѩࡣ

Ҷݵ˵ͷʾԼ֪ˣǹȥб˵

ѩһЩд󣬵ղԼǹɿֲϢѩ˵ˣԱˡԼղŻ˽ŵģȻ̫ˡ

ûĬˡ

壬ΪӦòͨ鱦ڿҿҵĹţҶݵ˵ͷһЩϢҶݾϤ壬һûлε֡Ҷ֮ǰһֱѧУ棬ںŸ˶ġ

ڲһˣɽְҶݾ;˼Ľôˣ

ͨ鱦񣺡

ĵλ·ܵв

ģҶһѱһѽйԪΪһֱûʲôô͸ˣѽҶɽĲˡ

ɽʱ򣬷ͨ鱦ûʲôãǸ˽ơ

Լܲίó硣

ˣվס𶯣ͨ鱦˵

һѩһ֪ǰɫģƺһ㶼µӣܵĲһ˿ΣաҶݿһۣɫס

ѩΪŷĹϵԻҲŷ˵ģǰ֣ƤҲܰףҶݾͿɫ̫á΢룬ˡ

֮ıԼ

ͷѩѾˣ߿ܻһСߣܻոһó˼ʳѩͷѩ󿴼ȻĻẦ¡



ҶѵĴ󷢣£˲㡣

ѩ󣺡Լ·ˡ

ﻹ΢΢жһ£໹ǲģûɱҪô

ʱѩȻԼԭĴ㣬ֻԼãҺԼû֣һˣʿ֣Ҳܱиˡ

ʱһ׹˸һ˶ĺ߾ͱһ׹ЮűӳҶݾ;ͨ鱦軵軵ģ֪ѩУӣ˧ŵøˡ

޲ù

⣬ҶݾòԼıԼһȤζе֡ҶݻѵһＸ䣬ͨ鱦񿴲ѩı塣ͨ鱦һţƴĺ˵Լ֪ĵ֪Ȫģ

һҶŵģһǸͨġ
139 ڹñ	



һﲻܿ⾫С壬УʳϾ׵ƺ˼ңȻηġ

ΪһЩ

ȻѩһԹҶݶЩ˼ˣɵģ

ڹñ

£ûأΪ֮ϡСӵɫǲҰһƬڸһĺòʹһ¡

ûĸţҶݺܿŪҩҩȷҩҲЩԶˣŨƷֻеȣáҪĻҩĸһСףСԴԴϵŨ

ҶݿŶЩȣ˵ѩˣССһֻһʼҶȡҩһʹܿͷˣҩ»ʲô

һﻹҶһۣ뿴ҶݷûСȻǺʧҶݿˡ

ˣ뿴ʲô

ѩ󣺡

ǰ棬Ըȥ鿴һ¡ҶݿһֻۣЩ飬ȻΪߵľûһǺúƵġ

ֻΪ޵ıЩ궯ѩ඼ʹˣڵ˲䱬ҲٹҶݵ̬ȣֱӾȥ

û뵽ջԭξͱһεסƾôûа취ѿ

˵СȥˣҲ߶Ҷ˰ɣЩԵһûأʲôǰɽҲİɣΪϴʲôԴԼıȥȡ

û˸ҵ˵ʲôзݣҲԵ͵÷һݣûеġ

Ҷݺľֲ̽£ȻһۣŨļһϸϸȪۡ



߿ɼˣԼǱߵ֪飬һʱ͸Ҷݷ΢ˣûյĻظΪòأҲЩż

ҲûʲôżģҶڵңԼ½ҵĹϵ߿ʧҲûʲôϾ˵߿ʲô

ôһ룬ǷˡǺļƵĸ˵һ£пȥҶһ£Ҳǹһ¡

֪õ˼ͬʱҲһЩԼ뷨ʹӦ¡

Ҷң޵ĸ߿ɼˣȻĲ࣬ɼǳ⣬˶޵󡣶ԼԾת۾ԼдĴ𰸵ˡ

ԵʱֵʱųͬʱܶӦҲģɵģԼ֪Լڿдʲô

ڶԴ𰸵ʱ;ԼһдȷĴ𰸡ԹֵʱĳɼͦߵġôҲܹϸɡ

Ĺ֮󲢲⡣ŮſôһɼĶԽԽˣҲû˼ȥܶ޵飬ֻһ䡣

޵Ӳˡ

ø߿ɼʱ򶡻ȥˡȥϢûʶ޳ɼ顣ȳʱӶ˰ѶٵһֱӾȥˣȻ޵ĵܵܶξĳɼ

㣬㣬߿ٷְ

ҶҲû뵽顣ǼҰ˵˲μӸ߿ġΪҶڸĹϵլֵЩ

ȻҶΪǵİοԼռ½ҵıˡҲı䲻ڵҶݲ׽Ҷ顣

Ͷһ˲μӸ߿ӳ̶ȾͲһˡҶʱæڹ˾飬иС˺ܸˣԼԭôˡ

ŮҲμӸ߿ˣǾͷ¿ޡ

޵һӾͰˡ

ν겻ʮ꣬ǰܰͣഺڵĳСΪҲ˼ɱ˵ĸܡ

һְֺͽɫ˵ûðɣ׶ٷְ

ֱСӴ

һ̣޺޲ðְֶһЩҪǰְʱ乤æڼҾͺˡ

ƭƭԼҲá

Сӣ˵ʲôأǰͲҿò𣿡

ôһЩ˼ˡβںʼ硣Ҿô˻Ҫ飬ԸܿһôѧҲܸһ㡣

αϾǶٴģȻСһЩǸʲôĲС

Ϊǰͳ˵ҪòְְϲԶȻҲýӦÿóɼϸôѧҶӡ

رǰְ˾ͻĸӺõġ

ְ֣㿴಻ⲻǹ𣿡

ܵǹ㡣Ҷ˵һ䣬͵ͷְ֣ҵһȥ飬ֻҿԵʱ״̬ǳãۣͷҲۣΪţְûô죿

޵Ķλ࣬ԴʶԼҶݵĶ֮󣬾شҶˡ


140 ˾±	



ȻҶô˵ɫͻûϵǼҲҪ㿼õĳɼֻҪͿˡԸ飬ְֿȥ㲻Ը⣬ϸѧһ£ҵ͵ְֹ˾ְ֡

޲ŵĵɴ۾

ְ֡

Ҷģ֪ôԼǸһǿĳŮͺܸӣҲº͡

ְ֣ûãҿûǡ

һƲƲ죬ȻŮ˾Լ԰ְӡССͣǿܲô죬ΪٶλߣŮˡ

ڽ㣬СĽ㲢ڰְǰǸӡܿװģ

˵ʲôšС͸ǺףԲǸӵġԽпĿˣڰְǰװء

뵽ʲô˵ˣ֣İɣҽǿأҲǰװװ

޵˶һۣ޲ðܴܵ

극ޱ޿ɱˣص䣬򿪵ԣٴԼ׼֤鵽˳ɼɼ޲ķߣҲ͸չô죿ĸ˶ˡ

У㿼òãҲðְ־С

ҲһĹԼڷһ죬Ȼ߳Ҷ˽ޡ

ҶֱӾˡ

СʱǸɰСǸʱҶڼƯӣҶɰõŮǸҶݱСʱӵɡ

ʱһʮԼӵеõģǱЩΣúá

ʱҶ̫һЩЩЩԵҲ룬ΪҶҺ½ҵСҶнԵʱ

һ˽ŮĸʱתĻᶼ֪ûС

ˣûõְֵ۰ˣ

ʱʮֹɵġǸʱҶҲϲ޵ģÿȥޣƯȹӣ֮ġ

޾ͻ˽ﱧ˵ллԼĽ֮顣

Ů󣬸Ů֮׽ȻˡҶֱӾ͸ûôһŮƵġ

Ҷôһ˲Ļ㱡

ûӦεˣݣһ죬ѪǣҶͽҽԺ

ѹԼҽԺǻûüͷһٳ

㻹˼εĶôҲӶˣ

Ҷ̫̫Ṉ̀ģˣ¶ޣ

ְ֣

ҶŮһۣƽͣûϵɼȻû϶ۼҲǮѧְҲ԰㡣

ϸ룬ǲͿԲҶˣо仰ǽ֪֪˰սʤ

뿪ˣͿҶˣʲôҶݱȣ

ԥƬְ̣֣ȵȷ߳ɣУҾŬУԼѧҲһġͲҶҶˡ

˵žӿҶüͷҶүӶû

ԭ߿˲Ƕ顣ʢ竲Ҳ˶ڸ߿ȡúóɼġû˲μ˸߿ǿòġ

Ǽһӣμθ߿ԸԳĿѧУ˵Ҳһ顣

Ǻõġ

ǶֿԿ˽Լʳε˲Ŷۡ˾䲻үӲ͵ûŮҲҶ

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Ҷˣ޵˼ǲȥҲãϾҲҶұ޳Īĵط

ڹǻܹһڹû취ˡ

ãûϵǵȷְְ߳ѧУ

޵˵ͷԭӦҹˡ

ֻǶû뵽е鱾ʲôһ˷ԱȣͲһˡ˵Ҷݣ˵Ҷݵķȫһȫ״Ԫ

˶ˡ

ҶҲܰȻɣǲôںӵĳɼⶫǶǽĶ

ܱûкãر˵Ǽһǿţһȫ״Ԫ״ԪˡҶˡ

ⲻŸ˵Ҷû

Ҷ̫̫ĸ˵ͷɼҲ㲻ʲô˼Ҳʲô£

⻰˷׷׾Ҷëȫ״Ԫ飿ܿȫ״Ԫԣ

ЩϾ˵

½ү⣬˾ЦֻҲеҪΪ״Ԫ⹫ҲҲ״Ԫ

ţŮ״Ԫд㶫ȵ㰡ϾΪŮôŬͨ˻вŬ

˼ҿԼ̳мҲȴƫҪԼŬĻʮ־ġ

½үӶһǫӣصҾͲһˣѪѹˣǼ£ͬʱҲڻҶݡ


141 ȵ㻰	



½ү˺ַܶûϵԼŮүӶ̲סԹˡԼŮɣ㣬Ҳ̫ˣССΪҷ񣬿ôϵϣҲ̫

ٰȫӦòõġ½үӲ֪Ҷݾʲôֻ֪Ϊ顣½үʵɻŮ㣬⺢Ӳʮ꣬ʲô

½үɻɻ󣬵ĻԺġⲻֹֹ

ֹ˴Ҫ־ԸˣҶݻûүЩżˣֱǺ֣ôҪʱѲҪ

үϸ룬ĴˣҶݿǸҰ°Ҳø˵һͨһ£ôһ룬ԼԼˡ

ֱһ־Ըһ죬Ҷݲ١õĴѧԵҶҺ½Ҷݡ

˵飬ҶֶһˣҶ̫̫⣬ץż˵˺һЩҶݵĻ޷ǾûİȻԼ֮ĻŪüʮΡ΢һЩ˼һļ߾ܹҶ̫̫ⷬŪҶˡ

Ͼʱ۵ǲСġ

εҶ̫̫̫̫Ҳţȴ̱ĲУŮڼҲТˣҶ˵ϼ仰Ҳȥ̫硣ûҪ𾴳Ūӡ

ְֻ˵䣬ҳߣڶûҲ֪ȥˣôһŮӡ

Ҷ̫̫һ˵һĨŲڵᡣ

ҶϣҶݵĹϵһֱܺãô˵ҶݵĻżĲˡ

ҶңҶүӻҶ̫̫ʮרƣҶϣҲܵ˵̫̫ѿһУԼ뿪ʱҶ̫̫ੲݡҶϣͳȥͷǳ˼

˼ʹˣϲ˵øȷʵЩᣬһĶԹС¡Щ鶼޹ءʱһֱǱߣҲΪ˵ʲôТô˵أТТ˳޹ء

֪ļͥҲҪÿڼų˵ģǲҪϡô˵ˣҶϣòһ䡣

ˣʱʮǿᣬҡ

ҶϣһѾ˵ڼϲҡ

ҶϣȲ˵̲Ҳϣ˼ҳȥд˵ʲôȫ״ԪûĲԼ֮ıô˵ߺҲˡ

ԭŸܶͨ˼һŮģ״ԪǼҲ̫ܴ

˶ܿһĳôܻǰ˵ԼĻЩҪǱ˷Ŵһ´ȥҶݶԾ㲻Ҳһ˺

ߺŹȻôһϡ

Ҳְص㶢ҵĶҲǲβġϾе̵ĺҲб˵ҶҲʲôҶ̫̫ҲʵЩһѾ

Sָ߶һۣϾ뿪ҶҡʵΪҶݵĳɼöרɷõҲûʲô˼Ϊ

û뵽֪ôһ顣Ҳûдá˵һδʧˣ֪λ״ԪԼүү̲׽Ӧȥ˼ҵȥȥҲѾˡ

Ͼȫ״ԪSȫУŶλҶͬѧ֦

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˭Ҳ֪ϾⱾµģֻҪΣҵ飬˭Ҳǡ룬Լ֮ǰҶĹ˵һ¡

˵ȥŷĸȥˣ϶顣˵Դȥˡ

ڼҶݵĹϵһУԸҲദȰѴȱ˵ֻû뵽оţưȻһȫ״Ԫ

Ϊֱֻ֪֣ټŵ˹ѧУһӾͿ϶ˣȫ״ԪǴС

ŵ˹ʢһĴڡѧУʢѧϿ˯ʦǲҹܣҵԶдԾԶհ׵ģҲг꿼ȫУѧ

֮ѧУ¶һ˻治֪

Ⱥ˵ҶݵͿ˷һӣʮ־

𾪣ȫ״ԪТѪߣ



һŵġ

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̰Ƿ̰֮ʮߣǸνȫ״ԪȫˣǱһլׯ԰дׯ԰ǳãʢĳĳǧС㡣


142 һ	



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ҶҺ½ǼΨһСǿϿǽһһۣǵĹעˡ

һȫ״ԪȷȫһôõļȻһȫ״Ԫкúͨ·𣿡

Ҿ˾˼ҸҶعϣҾͲ˵ˣҶȻ˽һ㣬ûи˵ôʲô尡̫ˣһ⽨ʵǽ˿ߡ

ѵֻע⵽λ̫̫ŵһҸоʲôҶݲТ˳֪Լĸڶʲôˣ¥ϵ˵Ķԣÿ˶ǸĸģһУ˹涨㣬ͱգּҵ˲ҵ𣿡

¥ǲ¥ˣ޲ǵĳҶ˵ҶݲؼңҶҰôҲûʲôԲסɣֱȥȥˣԼĳŲʣȷĲ԰

֪¥Ļڸܡ״ԪǸ˵˵ȥ˵ŮأǾﲻҲ˵˵ؼҡҳֹ̬ȣЩϷתĹϳԶˣе塣ƣ.jpg

Ҷݲ֪ԼϱˣԶBĺ濴Ż֪͸΢š

Ҷݣ֪𣿡

Ҷݴӱŷ֮˲һˣԼˣ֮ǵЩҶݻɣ⸿鶤á

ܿҪˣҪŸ鶤ʧЧ֮ǰռȻȰԼΪȥһˣʱҲˡ

ҶݰǵչˣΪָźڣʵ̫ˣһŨʵʣ۶סˣضۣô鶤γɵͻѡ

Ҳһð취öȥһЩۣ壬ֱΪ壬ǳΪԼߣڵǵĸطţ鿴

֪֮䣬ҶݾӵСܡ

˶ˣȻСΧıң˵Ϊµġʡʮӡ

ˣҶÿλظظĶǺܿ죬Ͼʱġ

һΣ漸ˡ

ɣ㻹֪ô᲻֪ҲǣԸ񲢲עЩҶݻԭٹעϵĶżҲȤ¡

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Ҷ̫̫˼дרãʲôô˵ҶҵŮţԭҶҵѪ˶ҶҲûʲôôɣֻ˾ҶҲӡ

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ҶݵʱڴһʼǸطжֻǺԽԽˣԲŵ˴µʱ䡣

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صʢ͸ֻ˵硣ʱҶˣΪµС⣬ѣݼʮ죬վ̨ĻǰˣûʲôϷľҲĥһ¾˿ںĶ

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Ҷֻе˸տͽӵ½ͥĵ绰

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½ͥԱ˵ĻؼҺ⡣

ԣ½ҲҶݵļңҶݲںʲôүӿ϶Ҷݸĳ½ݵġ

ҶԭΪص½һᱻΧᱻѯôʱʧ˶ȥˣһóܺ棬ɾûһʳڣʵĶò֮ģ½үӻһҶûѧĴ㣬ȥѧ

Ҷ룬½һ¥̾ھ󸽽ＸǴģ½¾кü½үŮ˵Ҫȥ󣬴һӾͰһ¡

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ЩܣǱ⹫кüͬѧǸúӣǶ֪Ӱ¼ȡġ

Ҷݵ˵ͷںҶˣҲںôûĻεҲȫվҶϡ

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ΪҶ̫̫˵ҶݵĻҶϼŵĹƱȻʼҲҶүδġ

Ҷ̫̫˵ҶݻҶүһʼǲ֪ģҲϹŰԸ񣬶ҶŮʵ̸жϲؼҾˣүүҲû𾴡ĳѾͷҶҲŲϡ

ҶүﲻϡŮýǰ˵Ů¡ҶүӿǼҳνҳ󲻿ЩȥʲôӣҶΪ۵̸ʣ

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Ҷ̫̫һӣʱǼĴС㣬׸һ׷ҶүҲŵԡ˵֮δ氮ǺŵĻˡ

Ҷү˴壬ԸȽǿƣҶ濴úء

ԼļķҲҸ㣬ӣҵϵʱȹˣҶ̫̫ҲڼŹ󸾵ҲΪˣȻһˣʵǲô졣

˳˳ˮһӣ˱ɷָűҲĵ

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ŮǿġΪԼô˻ҪԼɷָű𣿡½Զ⣡Ҷݲô˵Ҷҵˣ̣ΪҽԼôˣ

ŻңҸ㣬ҲŴģ
144 ˭	



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½үӾǸߣ˼ͬһЩӵĿǰһЩŮҲһЩڰҶ̫̫ΪġˡһʵҶ̫̫˲

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ȥ֮ǰΪĳŹ󸾸ԼģŸġ

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ȵȣֵøƺЩ찡

ѵʮǿģܿͰǳҶ̫̫ݡЩý˿ɾͱҶרҵˣܿ͸ƵдĸƵתأǲΪӯʹáƵʼд£дǽһʷ׳ʡ

ҶүԭΪԼôһҲѵˣôˣڼҹľô˵˵Լҵӹ̫ʹ

ҶүﻹҶݣŮͻ¶ҶϵĹɼͣʱʵסˣӵĵ绰˵Ϸ½լſֵƵ˷ųȥˡ

ǶȺпǶصּߡ

Ҷүӣˣּ㲻Щǳ죬̸ҶҾ׼ʲôƫƫҶҵĲҵͦҲж̰ģ̰Ȧһ顣

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ҶΣҶ̫̫ԼҲԺˡ

Ͼͣ˶סԺˣϵЩҲСˣϾҶ̫̫Сʹ󡱣顰ơϵļ඼ΪֻһТĹҡ

Լ֮ϣԼ֮ס

ɲ˵˵ģнڲٵģ˶ˣҲĴﲻ

Ҫ˵ҶĻǶޣ߿ʧˣΪȵԼȷѪ꣬ٲãү̫̫ĵĿⶼܵġ

ϾҶôһԱȣʵ̫ˡ

û뵽Ҷֱ̫̫һѾֱһ֮˱ٵĹϣҲʼδ

ް缦ڼţһʼѳȥ涼ң¶ģ͸ӲˣϾҲŮ

˵ǰã޻֪ԼҶҵŮҶүӺҶ̫̫ŮôֻƲϵ

Ͼܺ˵ıܡ֮Ϊܾ붼ãȻȻĻѡ񡣶ƵʼٸҶݣعΪصȫ״ԪϾûй¶Ƭѧ֤Ƭ

ԭһʱѧУĵġ

ŵ˹ʢĹѧУ˴ѧһȫÿһ׶ΣѧУѧһѧաҶݵƬǼȥѧУɷõʱѧУĹġ

ڹϢѧУϵ֪ͨҶݱˣ֮ͨͬŰƬųȥġ

ȫ״ԪŻǴȥˡ

һԭѾʮˡƤ۾̺߱ӣС졣˵֤һ㶼֡

֪֤տһһƬΪ֤Ҫٵȫ¶ٵĸȱݶԡ˵ͷͣ۾һһС۾Сͺ񣬻һЩƽʱŻõģƬһߴһСġ

ҶƬȴʮٷϹ˴ͳͥۡʮΪƤ𪣬۾󣬱ͦͿʲôȱ㡣

ȦǶҪˣرʱýһ¡΢һĺ޲ðȫ״Ԫڡ

ϾҪһʱ̣ԭӦ΢ģȴһʮСװ˷ͷﶼЩݵģӰӰ˵ȥ쵱ģ鵱ģ˭̣

Ƕ̲ˡǰͨ壬׼λ״Ԫĺڵ㡣


145 	



ҶݱϾֻһͨˣԭ΢΢û˿ټΪҶҵǧ𣬳Լ¶ڹƽ̨ϵϢʵϵϢ֮٣ʲôڵˡ

ӰΪȦˣһһûйµŮͬѧ

ûкϿд

ϵĺϻ϶߷ּٵģĵʵҪȻټٵĶ˭ܸӰܹĵλôܲԼ鱻˷ͷûŪٹעȣʧȥǣҲûиȥ˽Ҷݵıר׫дҶݵġϡ

úϾͳһǧСװ棬С̫ãȣ֮޶żĹϵŪһ״ԪͷŪŪʵǷĲˡ

ӰҵȦҲǸרдӺɳӰ˵ġ

дĶ߷ּٵģ֮˺ܶˮҲΪһ˲ϾдĶ֮Ķ˵˼ҷ̰Ҳ˵ʲôʲôϡ

ҲǸ˲ţ¾Ȧվ˽Ÿ

ƪͨȻȫƪûдҶݣĺܶǩҶݵĸơ˵ųֱ˵ѱ߿״ԪТ˳С̫õȵȡ

Ӱˮ˵ǡ״Ԫͬѧ˸ĺϣ֮ģ֮ȦҪʶˡӰ̹ˣϹһʮСƽϣר˺˼ңﵹмֹⲻȥ

ЩСǼ

ȦĻܶ඼ǽͣ󣬴Ӱˣûж顣

λӰ۶ӰЩģֻʱֲǶϷǸɫĸ黹ǶԼӣԱĸ飬ڽˣҲһӰ۾̲סȰӼþգҪֵùˡ

ӰڶҲץһѧţϾ˼Ҳ롣ǵˣ˼ҿȫ״Ԫ㲻ԺԼľءҲͷˡ

ʱ򾭼˴һ绰˵ѩҩǱߵĴʱû̸ǱߵƷΪЧʵʵڣĹҼ֤飬ǺöӰӴǱߣҪŪˣԼĹȶȡ

ֻϧͬ뷨ŮǲòƷȱͻ˵ףǵӡȥҲ֪Ǵ˲ƷǲƷǡ

֮˵ΪƷʮֵ֡

֪ˣͷԹȥӴ

Ӱû£ֻ¾ޡѩǱǽӴ˺ܳʱˣ˼Ҿǲɿڣһĺܡ

Ҫйͬ棬ԼѩǱʵûʲôɺڵģӰ˵Ҫˡ

ƪ¸Ϸʱ½ͥͷˣһΣ½ֱͥӾ΢ĸ˰ϢѹˣͬʱǸдý˸ɱˡ

ӵӰȦһġ

½֣ͥרдԼúϵľȻԼҵ˵ʱöҪЦˡȥμ骣ѩݵĴˡ

½ֱͥӾ˵ѩҩȻҶݵģĿǰ½ҵڹǾҶͬġҲ൱ǻߵԼԴ½ͥȻ֪ƶԺܳʱˣ½ͥװƣѩԼҲҵΪҺһ棬Ȧ֮侺Ҳҡ

ͼ飬Ҳòˡ

û뵽ƾȻרдϺԼãⲻ̡

Ǳƺ֪ܿѩѡμˣˣȦĻ϶֪Ƹμ֮ĶԹ˲ͬʱ˵ͬʦãǹϵǢ

ôˣԩҡ

˵ľμ骺ƣ˸ճȽɫͨòģëĳȣȳߴ磬Χĳߴ磬ΧͷΧĳߴ磬ָ׵״Ҫȡ

һһεıȽԼҷ˿һʼ֮ûʲôޣڹϼҲ΢Цʾ⣬һһλɺϻǹⱻĶԱȣˮ

˵ѩݵñŮˣƾвҲֻڴ˾Ȼμ骣ζʲ

ɷЩΡ

ȦͺСôǰǶԸǸ״ԪѾã־ڱصõĴԾĶԼңӰ۾¶ԣͬһƣ̲סһ䡣

Ʒƣǲǵʲôˣ

ǣҵ˻𣿸һУǶ٣㿴Ҳ֣˼ѲɻԴңһҲģ

ôȻ˵

룬ѩǱһֱûȷظΪƺȱˣ˵Ϊйҵı

һҲ֪ģΪ֪һ㣬ʾ֭ҲõԡûʲôǮҲ׬ġ


146 Ե	



ԸսȦŮǶԣҪĿ֪ȣǮ

ЩѾõ˶ԣҪĲһʱ档ǳþõ档

ﷳһˢ΢һߺ˼룬ˢ˼飬ѰԼİŵƪ²ˣǸ˵ʮôɻģ

ñûǸԺŵĸ˴˵绰

ô£أ

ǱһƵĺ룬֪ƽ㣬˼ЩģҲһ£ǼٵģǶİԣǰҲ٣˵ǰɣ

ʮͷꡣ

ǧĺ꾫Ū˭أôԺƽʱûٱЩƼٷǼٵϰҲûٵСΪȵ㣬йעȣǮġ

˭ټ٣

˵ЩǼٵģģﲻ֪ЩǼٵģЩŪüİҸǶʮǾôңҪˡɷһɫԣֻ

ŶԭýˣıǺҪġǸ̫̫ЩЩܽܡǴ鷳ˡ



ƼСӰҲ˱侲˵룬ԺſھˣѩǱĶͷǲǺܲԾ

Ʋһɵӣ෴Ȧڻӵľûһɵӡĺܣֻȷĺܣѹ̫ˣǲŸ»飬ǲǰѹŲţȥһһ£

˰ɣʵ˵ȻҪýĹעȣЩǽĶûҲֻ˵áʲôʵǷ˼С鷳

ҿǸСﱳһ㣬ȥһ¡ȷûʲôٶֲ١Ʊ˵ʲôɷôһ˵Ҳûʲô˵ˡ

ȷʵ̫嶯ˡ

ε鴦͸ɺϣһȦûôɺϵģȦɺǶ෽Э֮µĽôɺϰ

۸ã½ͥƷɱˣֻùɣôһʡĻëšҲȦڴƴ˶꣬ξ㱻ȶȣʵӰ첢ܶࡣ

ϾƽӵĻͿԴӽĿ㲻ӣҲ֮ȦǮķǺܶġ

һЩϵ½֮ͥ£Ͳ鵽һЩ

˵ҶҵλСҲεȫ״Ԫĸ½½ͥ½йԱΪҶ˾μӺѡģƬ

ѩҩĿǰ½ҵڹʵҶλСռ󲿷ֵĹȨ



½ͥǱֱӾ͸ѻһЩٰһ㡣ҶݵͬѧǲͬѧڸҶݵĹϵǲġ

һİ׸кܶ࣬ȦдϹǰ׸

׸忪ڰ̣벻̰һƪһƪĲĳˡʵ˺һӡΪ˵Ҷݾͨ鱦ŪһƵʲôûܡ

ͨ鱦˺ö֡

ȻĸҶ˵ˣ˵ǲ̫ˣǻȥɽҲŪ棬ƽʱɹɹƬʲôģͦ𣿡

Ҷݣ뷨

ֵ½ͥһvдһβģ˼µΪȶȱҶв֮дһμٵĺϺãΪױ磬Բ̰

ϾôɰһСƯأҪȻôܿȫ״Ԫأһ˭ûҲ̫ˣһ˰ƪʵĲĸɾˣĺá

û뵽Ƴûɿѣֻվͣ˺ܶͦǸùȻСƢЩãǾûǲдô

ϾС𣬿϶ЩƢġ˼ҳúãҾãʵеСƢͦɰ

½ͥ΢ʮıʾûѣĿǰûУǰУҲһҪԼүүֵͬ⡣

ѻȻԵҲû˭ˡ

ӵĹٲԼܲõƪЩΣû취ҲԼܲðǺûκԥľתˡƪĻתˣĳĳŵܣĳĳ΢ɹݳƷһʼΪСĽĳŵǧ𡭡



ƣ

˰缦΢ģһȥ½ͥǸȥˡȦģдʵĺֲһģкܶĲҰҲ̫ˡΪʲôһǵҶҵС½ܵأ

˭ô֪ҶһӭЩǧȻ½ҵıأ

ƵôһΪһδΪҶҵ̬ȡ;үүӣ϶

ֻǸֲôˣһԼĶҲð


147 ˺Ƥ	



ֻû뵽¨Ӿͱˡ

˴ӳʼë鲻ԣΪûٵˡн컹һþˣΪһþΪףûбɱ·ԵҲһֱ

ҶȻǰûиǱߴкֻôû뵽ôѾܳʱûиˣ͸ôһߵˡ

Ҳˣүү̵½ͥһֻۣҪܼ˾ͺáν顣˶Ƕûʲôϣˡ

ܼ½ܣ˵ܹ顣

ԭڹ˾λǺܸߵģߵﶼ˸кϾӰڹ˾ܶ˶꣬ҲΪ˾˲Ǯڹ˾ɲǡһ㡱ĵλ

ȻΣƽ˾˵Ǽ½ˣ½ܵİ칫Ҷûܽȥżˣ칫Ҷȥôأƻע⵽ƽʱǼƨָڱЦأƵ̬Щˡ

þԼͷμҲ½ܡβֱͨӾͽȥˡ

ˡ

ƾʲôܽҾͲܽ

һҲ飬ʵǺܱǸƽ㣬½ܷԸģҪΪЩµġ

֪½λô飬ͺ벻ףΪһõԼôһҡǮ𣿲ѾЩˡڳ֮ǰҲһͨƯŮǳ˲Ƶζܹ֮£

ѲɵҪȥ

ƺܺڣʮһôڣԼӦó嶯£Ӧ˺ǸҶݵŮʱѾûжٺˡ

ͷֻùϾ˼СͲȦˣͷ˾ˣȦˣĿзͷĻᡣҺܶ˻ͷ

ʵҲһͻƵ㡣

˵ʲôˡ

ʱ̣Ʒ侲óֻ½ͥ˶š˵˾֮ϵǺ΢ġ˭½ͥ˧ֶ𣬶ܻŮǴأ

Թ˾ʵвŮĶ뷨ġ

ŵĴϰ壬˧жŮûмŵΰ

Ū½ͥ΢һ㶼ѣֻҲ֪֮½ͥᣬ½ͥ󣬶½ͥŵļСĲûУ˼ʵҲȽС

ƾ;Լʹˣ½ֲͥһڣҲͲˡ

ȻģȥϢʯ󺣣һӦûС

μ⼸ͷˣͬΪӰмĽɫ⼸ɫ˾ܺ񣬴ҲΪǼɫݼ۷ɣԾͳΪ˹еİ¹⡣

μأҲвĽɫǲôľ䡣˵˵Ӱ󣬿ÿķ˿Ƶķ˿˺ʱԷͻṥ˵Ӱʵ

μ骵ôߵ˿۶

˶Ը˵Լˣμ骵ȻҲ

˵ĹϵԽԽѾȦĬϵˣֻҲĬϲ̨ͬѩݵҲ䵽Լ

μ֪ԼǳӮơ

ƻ⵽½ܵˡʹˣһˣӵŮǾͽһ׶ΣҲζźܶĽɫ

Ҳζŵ˿Ľɫˡμ骲һμ骻ûн飬ɱгоˡ

ƾ˭ͷù˵ġμʮõ½ͥ칫ҵţֻͽȥˣȥ֮ǰһۣ

μ骽ȥ֮ǰʰһԼװȻŵĽš̸ѩҩĴ֮μ骾ΪԼȡһһ׵ĵӾ硣

ԭ˾׼ƣԼһŮԱ֮ѡһġ

ƿλȽϸߣҲߣһŮԱݼЩ̫μ骾÷ⱲӴǲͽˣǾʹˮ¡

ԼƬⲿ磬ⲿݺ֮ʸˣԼ֪ȣҲܹΪ˾档

һǾԵġ

Ҷݻ֪ΪԼ飬ŮǸԼҸǱŹļءյ˴һǮ°һſ档

ΪҶ˵ſѾˡǮҶݶҲһֶѡ

ٿʼˣҶݻӵ濴Ҷ飬Ҷˣ˵۷壬ֵҲǳֱӾ١

УЩûмʶҾþ˶ֵܹһҶǿ

ͨ鱦ʱһֱҶˢĿļֱ͸һʾƵġ

˱ˣзʲô飿

ͨ鱦һӾ˾񡣰˵о촦ǷҲйֲˣͨ鱦ǲеû


148 氮	

еûˢˢ΢ǵܡ

ҶҲϾϳԼûܹϽͨ鱦һ˴ֲֶˡ

ˣиֵֹģ˵ͬѧЩϵ㻹ǵǸӨӨ𣿡

Ҷϸ룬һʱ֮仹ûӨӨ˭ǵϴǸɽǸƯСӯӯģͨ鱦Լˣϲ̫ҪĽɫ޷д̫ʱ䡣Ҳ顣

ǲǿݵǸ

ͨ鱦˵ͷ

ôˣ

һѡ

ŶҶݶһȤûУӨӨѸʲôϵһ㶼ҲЩ飬ͨ鱦ȴٺЦһ֪ǸǸʲô𣿡

ҶŤͷͨ鱦һӢ꣬ȥݰ׵ĺÿˣЦЩܲе˧İҪЦô

ͨ鱦񣺡

ĨһѲڵĿˮˣҸ˵Ŷ಻о仰ǸӨӨǸѾһֻɾģ

ҶһˮֱӾ˳Ϊںˮһ졣

ôô벻ʵɽ磬Ȼôıɵģʵϻв١ġ

ҶҲǵ˵֪֮ԭǸ˼ֻ˵ġѪӨӨǸ壬ҶҲ֡

ͨ鱦˵ˡ

ҾӨӨЩԾǸӲԸġ

Ҷ°ͣбۿ¶Ҫ𣿡

ʵְ˵ʲô飬˼̸ҲԸģٹ˾֪ˣֻҪӨӨԼԸ⣬ûܹܵǡֻ󡾫Ҳ֪ı¾Ȼܼүͬˡ

⵹ϡˡ

ʲôҩİɣ롣

ŶҶȻһҩģŶŶշ˲壬ǲܺ͸ŶҶݾæˡ

ӨӨĶأ

ͨ鱦ʮ˽ҶݣȻ͵Ҷݵ뷨ϾΪô԰ɣʮ˽ģôһ˵֪ˣˡˣȥǸ󡾫ôһ¡

Ҷݺͨ鱦ܿͳһưſڣſڣҶݾյ½ͥĵ绰

Ķأ

BLUE

Ҳڣһ˺㣬û뵽㰡606Ҵ绰

Ŷõģ磬ôܵưȥˣ

½ͥ

ȥưɻܸʵϣưҲ½ͥĲҵ֮һֻһ˵ģһŪģռһֹɷݡ˵ư޷Ǿǲ𣬲ΪԼˣ½ͥԵɶˡ

½ܣϵǸĿ˵ˣ

½֮ͥ󣬶һ§òĹ˵ӻһ竣Ҳ½ͥεĿꡣ

˵Һʵ˫ӮܾΣ



Ҷͨͨ鱦׾ҵӨӨڡûȥ飬ͷ˳ͻ

ôʲô

˵Ҳ졣

ʤ񡣡ͨ鱦˵Ҷݵ˵ͷŶǸøŶ֪áҶݶʤЩӡģǸһһļȴûʲô

ѵҶͨ鱦񣺡

С㣬ЩǰĸŮ

øֲ׸磬Ҹʲô߿ҲҪܣҸ氮ҽҪһҲҪһԺҲһȥ֤

Ҷüͷ˵ĺȻӨӨ

ӨӨþòԡûӡ

ûУԸģɲұģˣҪǿ֡

󡾫޿ֵ˵ʤߣԭһͨ˶˵Ǻܼ򵥵һ顣ϾΪٲҲƲһˡǸ󡾫ֲԾ

˾ȻôƲ

̧ͷʤʤҲЩˡ

ΪԸ㰡ҪΪүүҡӨӨ㲻ҪΪҾĲҴ㡣ľӦúúùܽ㡣

Ҳܣ

ҶݿˣͲֹӨӨһŮкüŮ۾Ÿ󡾫ǸģԵķ·Ǹ󡾫һһͲˡ

ӨӨҲЩԾȻôĳԣҲЩֱ㶵ģܹǳԱģֻһˣ˿񣬲ô׷ġ

ǹȻˡ˵ڹĹϽ֮¶ʵʵ󡾫Ҫˣͨ鱦ĵҲǲȥﲻ֪ʵҲǲŷ顣

ԭʵȻ֮Ϳʼ۶ˡҲ֪ĵ

ϸ˵Ҳ壬;Ī


149 	



ûܵԼô˵ģֱӣ˵һڣһһûеϹ㡣

Ҷ͸ǽŵ󡾫ĳζˡ

ˣǹ𣿡

ҶȻܰΪʲôܣҲǹĳԱҵΰ

ͨ鱦񣺡

ιҡҶݵƳһͨ鱦񣬺ĬĬתĿ⡣

ͨ鱦֪ڲܹ̼һ̼͵ó£Ҳͱ첻˵ˣҶݺͨ鱦վ˼ſڣֻҶݣҶϴųȹϰɽĳȹƮƮʵ˵ʵԵǵ·Ǻϰߡ

˵ͦÿģҶƽʱҲǳ³Ӷ࣬ǳȹҲǼ׵ġ֪ıãˡҶݵͺȳֱӰһǴŮġưֵطرаģҲȽ϶ࡣ

ſվһϸŮˣ¹ʲôӣľǻĲˡ

־ˡҶһͶ˹ȥû˲߳ŭҶ˲ֶЦݡ

С㣬һ˰絽棿

˵Ҫ֣ͨ鱦һվ˾۾ֱӲˡֱӨӨǷײȥײ˺ü£ײı׵ĲŰѷײˡ

ӨӨʤû뵽˽ԭΪչԼǵˣ̧ͷͿһ͵Ĵͷ˲±ˡ

˭

˭СүĻ£󡾫һ˫ţˣʶ֣ͿҶݣ۾һӾ󡾫˵ΣǶﻯεĶٻǴŶﱾģۼͺܿ˿ȥٲôЭ

ܵ˵ǰδһ˧ˣͦߵġ

Ҷݣʲô

ʤҶݴкһʼҲϲŮĵǾҶݻһĹ˼ҸҵԼ˹Ȼַ˼Ťͷҵɽһȫ״Ԫپˡ

ȦĻȲ

ֻû뵽ҶݾȻطǺŮ˵ֺúӺͻӲư֣ʤʶưǲҶҵĻ½ҵġǵĻǿǰæ

ιӨӨ𣿡

Ҷڻˣ󡾫ֱˮѹûʵһʿ

ӨӨȥŮҪһЩҲʮѵá󡾫ȻҸ飬Ҳ޿ֻ֣Ҷû뵽ӨӨȻֵܹסż͸¶ѵġ

ҶݣӨӨѵġ

ʲô°ҶݣҲҵ£

Ҳùأҿѳó󣬿˳ۣ׼һ١

ӨӨ䡱һվҶݣ㲻Ҫ̫ˡʲôϵ

㵽ڻ

ʤ񲻸š෴ǶҶʮкøСⱾҶûйϵִԲھȻҪҶæ˵Ҳǲĺܡ

ӨӨǿû˵ӨӨƽʱɼ㲻Ȼμ⣬Ҳԣ㲻ãܼҵĲҲԹúܺá

˭֪Ȼżôһѣ顣

ֱǻ

ܼȻ㲻öţǺô䴫ҵңŮ١ʮ겻ȥϴѧҸĪ˼ˣ֪ĻΪܼҵļҽ̾أ

ҲΪԭүŭʤ顣ʤʮãүүҲͱˡĺҲ൱ھһ

ʤһˣ˾͸ƾðһҲ֪ãȻͰԼԵͷתġ¶εġ

ҹ

Ҷø˶໰ֱӶԸ󡾫˹ָͷû󡾫ˡ

磡ȵң

ʤ񿴵ֱð㻹ҪҪƽʱĸģôôȥ˵ĵϸܼҶŪûУ

ʤϾҲֻͨˣ뵽ֿܣʲô֮ˣҲ֪ôľ͵ɵˣŪһݡܼҵ˵ݣȻǹ¶Ժģ¶ԺǱߵϲȫһʧ˺ܳһʱŻġ

Ҫһ棬ƬȫԲϡ

ͺܲ

ӨӨȴȫô࣬󡾫֮·һֵǣ󡾫ˣҲ׷ȥʱҶݻعͷ˻֣ӨӨסˡ󡾫ûв

Ǹ󡾫ӨӨµϵĺߡֻֻһԼá߶ˣӨӨࡣǣƵʱ䳤ˣȻûǣƣʱ˹ȥ


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ʱҲֱͣӴӨӨ뿪ˡεǵøү˵һ

ȴ˵һߣҶݰ󡾫һӱߣһ߹ҲǸУû߿󡾫ʶĻҶǣţûѹ

Ūѣô¡

ͨ鱦Ͱ󡾫Ūˣ󡾫ѹʶľһҶݣҶֻһ˵ʱֿʼ̫ʵˡ

СˣҰɣұĺġ

ðôҳĺİ㿴ͶˣҪȻĺģһĸߡ

󡾫ʲôãƤ⻬òƵģͲãҽƻ

˵Ȼúÿǽƻƶˡ

ͨ鱦˵͵Ҷ߾Ͷһˣ󡾫һȿһϹ۵⣬󡾫ˡǰǰСˣСҵϷǰ

Ҷݣ˵ôһ˼ûУղŲͦŵô˵ô죿

˵˵˶ŮˣȻܹΣϾˣб֪ɣ

󡾫ίôɵֲһԶ˵ǵھ͸˽ˣӶˣҲûĽ飬Ǵ˵˼СԼԸģֲȵġ

˼˵˼Ը⣿

ҶݿһۣͷҶݺְ̧˦˹ʵûȫ˦˦һβͣ󡾫ŵֳԭΡ

ֽһȦĸԸ˯˼Ըţҵš

󡾫ίίģԼ·ˣǱˣһ߼裬ھȻȫѹˣζˡ

еԸͨ˵Сֶζѡǰûʲôм֮ˡ

ţܣ󡣬һġ

㻹Ʊ磿ͨ鱦ɴ۾ŵ󡾫һ£ǰ

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ңǳͷһĸ˾ҿɴûкˣǣΪûĸ󡣬Һö˶ܹԵңһֱˣԼҲԡ

㻹˵ʵ

󡾫͸оһĽֱţŵòʧˡ

ǣģ㾫˵ôò׳һʣ˵ҪˡԣҾʹ㣬ȸ㼸С桭

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ȥܹȥǼǣӦûʽĵǼǡ

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󡾫һʱŵҽС

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߿϶ˣȻʳʹȻҳܻˡ

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̫ˣ̫ˣǰһ㶼û˵󡾫ᣬ֪ôľ𵱳˵ʲôɫͷһѵ
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󡾫ҷˣһ仰˵ˣܳͷܱȱ߳˺á

ɲԼȫ˵Ը

ǰҴˣԸܳͷ

󡾫ӹ๾תܴܲʲôģǰȡԼҲǲеġֻôķе

Ժȶˣû취Щˣ㲻ûᱻȺŹ

ٸ㲻ñЩегҲ˵׼ġ󡾫ϸ룬ǾˣܷܷɡҶݴŸ󡾫ȥĹʱǷһЩ쳣˵˺ܳĶӡ

һĶˡ

󡾫СҶһۣ·˵ɣһֻڸɣ

ҶݳƯʮֵۣǰһֻ⹷ûͦÿģҶ۾һӾ

ιˣʲôôı尡

Ҷݣͨ鱦ҪЦȥˡ

󡾫Լͬ಻ҪҪɷǣˣ⹷ֻʿ棬þͺص㣬߸ߴģƤС۾ͦÿüιˣ㻰ءˣΪҵһ𡣡

ǸŮѧ꣬ӸʼѧҵǸһżȻĻҾͳܹˣҾôϲң϶ԸţҾ͡

ٺ٣ЦЦһϵı͸һ

ȻҾͱٱˣץ

Ҷһֿۣһ۸󡾫Ѳ𣿡

⹷ΪԵʣĶﱾͲˣ˺׽ⲻԼͦԩľ͸Ҷ²ˡ

Ϊкܶܶ࣬ɣ˵һһЩ忴ͬҲǺ顣

󡾫⹷Ǻġ

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Ҷû˵ԹԵ˵˵ôôҰҲûʲô𣬶ǶˣҪŶϴ̫ˣ̫ˡ

ιã˵ǲǰ

󡾫һӾЦ

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Цʲô

һ⣬ȥʹģС͵Ǿ١



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Ȼcueһµͨ鱦***********󡾫ϵı͡

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ϵĺԩδ˰ˣ֪Ȼ󻹰˯𣿡

һС۾һ֪ΪԼأ

Ҷݣ

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ûб˸ˣһֻ̩ϲһֻʿ֪

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ҶôţҲû˵ʿ滰ȴرĶ࣬һ߻Ҷָָǰ㾫㿴㣬ͦƯɣɫ·Ǹһ㣬˵ôƯʲôãȻȥվ֣Ȼͱץˡ

Ҷݣ

лͷţԭǸ˸صģ͸ˣרȥƻʩʮٶסȻ󾪶˹



һͨҶºȻ֮;ҲûʲôõġֻҪ˴˶֪飬ԸĻϾƽҶݶ⹷һЩˣֶģֻǾһϢǳͨ

ˣԺ˵ǹʮӴ󣬱èҳϣκƷҲ࣬켣Ⱥпָİԡ

Ҷݣ

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ιֵܣһ㲻ڣµĹô죿

˲ͰѹʿסˡˣһµĹզأ

ʿ棺

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Ҷݣðɣһֹֻ۵Ĺӡ

ͨ鱦Ҳ⹷ӳûоͬɶɶ֮⣬һֻر˼Ĺӣ㲻֪֮أˣãǰһȥô

ҵ˼ǰǵӪһʲô鶼ôһֻԵĹʿ棬Ҿǳá

Ҷݵ˵ͷʾͬ

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Ҷݣ˵˭أǹȫҶǹ

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ʿǺܴԹϸģ룬Ҷ˵Ҳе

ҾŬǮʿҵҺˡ

Ҷݣ

ͨ鱦񣺡

ЦҶֻʲôô

󡾫Ҷݸʿ˵ֻţ֮͹ϱ첻˵ˣҶ˵ǹȡ̣ЩסˣôҲи󵽵ġŹƽ

ǰ㿴ǸһҲΪðҪҲȡ̰ɣ󡾫Ͱ͵ĿҶݡ

ʲôð㲻˵ڳ𣿾ôһСƳмֻ󡰡

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󡾫־ǰˣһƬûг˾ĸܡ

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ʿ棺ֵܣ̫ˣһ۾Ϳһֻʿ档

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ǵȻһֱʿ棬֪βһһڣһһףȻϻһһסҺñ˵ʱûһһڵġ

ֵܣ㲻˵㲻ǾԱ𣿡

ʿȻ֮Լ··ˡ

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Ҷݣ

ܸ￴Ҷݡ

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о仰ȻЩʣǲǲܹݵġ

ǾЩǹŵĲ´ЬģʲôԾ˳Լ˼Ϲ¡ЩΣġЩ񼫵Ļ϶ˡ

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ϸ֮Ͱ䲼רŵĺϸ֤Ӵ˾͸һˡ

Ҷݾһͷǳ

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ֻͨˣͨ˾ͬڿôһһСŵдģֻһ굽ͷŵšﻹЩż

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仰˵ԭﷸֲʱץһֱͽȥˡ

󷨺۷İͨ˾ǲСġײҲܾ͵Ǹ

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ⲻֿгͬˣͬס࣬ǲûУͼϲСͬⲻˡ

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ﳵĻǸˣܳ˳򡣡ŰᵽûðɣͲµǹܵͦࡣ

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ΪСҲһģʶĶһ£ﳵٶʵ죬Ϊ˿ľЩǱֱۻ˵г

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ҶݿһǰûôǰĶ飬һˣ

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ôŪҽ㡣һһ̨Ժܿġ̨ԡ

ʽԴʮֵķḻһ棬ЩسԱͨ˸㲻˭ʽȱʽ𶼲ܶȱЩҲһЩӵģһ鷸ƣڷͱûա

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ʾԼ߲Ҷȥˡ󡾫ģʾҶ֮ǰھưɵǸŮҲϲģģȥʡ

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󡾫

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ƶ˿ˣ
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ͨ鱦ҶǰŮ뷨ʱҶݵʵЩһѾŮǡǰʿֻܹԼǻĴڳΪԺ

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ͨ鱦ĬĬĲЩ

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ȷһ£ǲڰ֮ǰ߶һڰëĹʿ棿

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ԲŻ᲻ܲ˵ȥȥС档

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㳦ԣ˳ë

ɯǰͦ޼ɵġ£ɯ֤ҧˣɯƤǿɰôˣ

ɸɯɯһˣѵ

ֱһɯȥϰԵë׵֫ȥɯɯһ˼ʵĸоֻǸղŵǸкǴɣ

Ҹղǲǳִˣͷˣ

ɯЩŵҶݣҸղſƱһˣˣ

Ҷݣ

Ҷü࿴һۣǱ˼رˣ㿴ǲ˵ˣֻΣС۾ɯ

ɯɯ㲻Ҫˣˣ

ɯܵ˾š

û㿴ĶģôʿɾˣϴġӦ֪ͬͬ˯ͬΪΪַŮԣԾͰץˡ˵ĸԸģ˵š

ǧƤҲЩ˵ȥ

ɯʱŷӦʱ伸һƬհ׵ġ

ҽ뷨

ҲԸĻô

Ӧ֪б㲻Ըģ˽֮⣬ܵͷǱȽصģϾ֪˾֮ͨϣΪΪĻͨ˾ͺܲˡԱϳ͡

Ըģɯǵһʱ˵

һ¶һںЦݣʵܵ⣬㿴ɣɣŮ˾ǰҡ

ҶݣĴĹӣѵû˼ŮΪ˱

Ҳɣ˼ҲǱȵġ

ȵȣ֮⣬û桭

Ҷݣ

æ˵ĸ𣿡ĸҶ˵ġ

ҶݣˣŮɲֿԽкܶµģɫ϶ĸemmmm

ʱҲѧˣæ˵ɯɯ˵ʲôأֻһŮˣ

ȷֻɯǡˡֻɯһŮˣĸǡˡɯһ

ҶݣҶݾǱԭļӰˣʵҲûʲôɽ磬Ҳûͨģ˵˹ˣ㣬ߣǵĶȥˡ

ֻҪԸģҲܲš

ҽͰˣԸ⣬ǿЭݣֻϾ࣬Ҫ棬ҪĹ򡣡

ɯҲЩѼϼܵ˼ˡ

ƿ϶УϾԼö׹ӡǹɣǶʱÿһʱͻᷢĳξȻģȻĹӡɯʵЩԽܡ

ҪԼĹӣɯ˵ɱˡ

ԼĹӣһֱԼΨһˣôܹˣƺҲɯôԺͬˣ˾һͬǰ˰ȻŪݡΪһˣرҪҪŪøɯ࣬ǽƾЩ䡣

͸ڲţǿԡ

ڲžˣϵͳĽԺϸ֮صɯ߸һʱǶþҪԼˡû취ϸǾͳһ㣬ԺþͶһ㡣

ڲĵıʾԼһᾡϸ񾡿صŮߵġ

ɯ

ɯһ˻ȥģ˵Ҳһ£Ըһʱȥ鲢ȥܻǾܾⶼҪһʱġ

ûڲߣܹ侲˼ԼڲŵοֵĸǲĴڵģԼҪҪڲųΪİ¡

ڲŵԲãѧϰĹᣬµȸֳʶ˺ü£ԸһЩҪΪ˻صɯߣѧò˵ΪӵԣǺɯġ

ɯºһڲš

Ҷû˵ģ¶һҶ˵

˵Ҷ㲻֪Ǹɯĺ˲ǿ氮㶼֪ı飬һʾܵ˺

ǻ˵ڲѧϰ֮ͨȥ֤ء

ɯǸ¶Сڹ¶ԺģԺҲʽиˣѯ˹ںӵ顣

ҶԭҲû£͵һ˲ˡѪɽеģֻࡣ

ѪҪôʷǳ죬츳ˣҪôǸ⡣ΪѪĹϵǻģҲͬʱŴ֣ǼֱЩ

Ҷ̲סһ顭


156 ֳ	



ô˵ģ

ȻУ

Ҷһ˵ֳ֮룬ʲôأǸͲкӣ

Ҷĵﰡˣɽöȴûֳģ⹷ĹˣȻҲ컯㲻ɯкӡ

ʱ˰빷Ĺô죿˼ҽҽʿ˲޹𣿺úõĸиιȥ

˵ˣʱм죬B֪ܿʲô

Ҫ֪мBǿɶǰ̵ı׼ģɯڲкӣò˼·ģһ˻һţ

׼˵㺢Σ˰ɡˡҶݷǳĸͨĶûгɾĸȷֳ룬ͲһˣǴĳ˵Ѿ˶ķ롣

˼ܻˣҲûˡ

㿴ߴɣ

㶣ء

˵Ķԣ¶ҵϻ㱨һҪԺһԽԽģһ˿ǹô죿ǹóֽŰ

ʵ̫ˣҵҲ̫ˣʱҪһЩˡ

ڹϰ࣬˼뾳Ͳһˣһĳ˵ǸҲûʲôˣ˸ܹͨùߡ

˾Ҳӵ˸˲̺ǣôͲܼ򵥵İǹΪˡҪԴ̫ˣ㲻ǻἯ顣ʱͨԾ͸ĩһѡ

һϣҶݾõϵЩͷԻѵġ

ɽ磬ܹƽԼʱȶǾǧսġ

Ҷݣ

ô˵ˣ㲻ƽʱ𣿡ҶݹҶ˵绰ͨ鱦񣬽һʱ仰ٵĿ㣬ҶҲû̫

ҶûȥɯڲţڲԼˣӦٻ

Ҷ˵Ӧ֮ǰǲһģ֮ǰֻһԼ򵥺ܶ࣬Ͼô˲ҪһôҪʺҪҧҽоͲˡ

Ĳ඼ǹ˵Ρ

ˣȻΪһĹˡ

֮ڲžˣҶݷ֮ǰǸӻһЩ仯ģȻ˵Ǻܶ˲١

еˡ

ٺ٣ڲͷǰѾʢĹˣԸģֻȫɢˣúȫĹͶ֪ˡ

ڲŶ˶٣üͷΪ۾ǳСüͷһԵôһЩĸо

ֻҲǹĹ尡Ǹͬһ֡һ˵һֱɽΪĪ⡣

˵ҶݲžʿһˣоηҲп־ͼɵ

ţûϵȥᡣ

ڲɦɦԴʾԼʱ֪Ϊһ򿴲Ϲ壬Ϊڻ켣֮дҡβʳģΪӭϸ˵ϲãѱģƯƷֲϵıѡ

ѪҺ֮׺ݺҲԽԽ١

ⶼǱĵġ

ڲҲ˼˵˹еĹ̫ǹʿǳôǺϲһƷ֣Ƶľ̲ߡemmmmһʮֱ˵Ļ⡣

ҶݿһһѾģˡ

ˣ˵Ǹ˹𣿡

ʿһüëˣ

ûУСôõڲһĵ⡣



˹ʿ棬Ҷݽӵĵ绰˵Ǹ󡾫ͷţ˵ϾǳǱ߳ɾģҲһҰ֣ͷһ£֮ͷһֲרžЩ塣

ҶݾһͻƿڡʱƵƵ飬ǻ᲻壬Ǿûʲôɲˡ

ʵͷԸӵļ򵥣ǻϾǿΪġֻҪͷϣҲӻáҶݾͺܺˡ

ͨ鱦ԸµȥӴ˹ĹʱҲˣһ·õˣͨ鱦һûѪģȷʵ²Ҫģеģͨ鱦˹ŪһΣ˾ʹһܡ

ͨ鱦һʱͱԷŪеҡһöӣһ棬־һҵĺûᡣ֮Լ˿ûԼһۣ־ίĲˣίĶҪ޳ˡ

ǰ˹Ȼʮ񣬲ǰǷġ

ǿԸΪãһṩĹʱǿ԰ֵܽá
157 б	



͸ûؤûϲؤһҲûй˹

˹滷ʮֵĶӣԵͰĲиˣ˯ͰţĵƷ档ʢЩ귢չѸ٣ĵط࣬Щ˹ǾۼϳͬʱҪԡ򹷶ӡ

νһֱˮ֮Сǲ࣬ԸôҲԸࡣǹӲ֪ĲǹġֻҪǿϽĻ±ѱл±ûϣҡβʳļ

ûУٸ˹ЩйĹ

йĹ֮࣬ʳ

ʱ˹ҶǰֳʮԼǰŮĶ֣ŮǸĪģΪ࣬Э

˼ҺôΣҲǿǶ顣

˹̺ܸߣһֱΪ˹ͷͷҲıɫ̽ţҶݸͲģֱӾ׳˳⡣

Ը㿴㲻ýĻԼͬʱҲԺúõչֵܽǣʱգǶܹȫµòҲǵıĺϣǶ򡣡

Ը⣡˹ɭĹâ۾ĶҶݣ·סôһˡ

á

ȴȥ·ۣͷҸµģһҸ绰ǸŪһ칫ң˾ҲŪ׷ӡ

ҶŤͷ˹𣿡

˹ɫĪ·뵽ʲôõļ䣬ܿ죬ɫͽФɡ

˹ʶľܾڸǰѾһˣǰҲԸĻ֮ʳοڡ

ͺԼǰ໿һôһ֣˹־ֲ

֮ǹȡʱһѾġʲôѩ̷Ҵʲôģ˹úܹ֡

ǹ岻ӵһ͵

Ǳ屻ѱģ˹ǱʵƵĻָ˹ԡȻֲҲͲˡ

ǰФû

˵žͶҶ˸ҾΪ˹ĶˣõĻģţǻģϾĴڣ·ʲô˼˶ǲɾϿܴŲء֮ôǡ

ʲô涼ˡ

Фͬѧͱڲͬѧḻˡ

Ҷݵ˵ͷȥɣȥ·ˣеĲԼģûҲ㡣˻һ

Фԣĸйپ͸˼֡Լȫ档Ҳû˵ʲô͸ͨ鱦ȥԡҡ

ƽʱϴ裬Ϊ˹ϴʲô裿һݳ޹ͷĿ˹ģžƽʱûط㣬Ȼ˳Ƴһ塣

ФƽʱٲЦԡﶼ޲໽Сϴ˺üСʱФŰԼʰ޸ɾͨ鱦Ҷݵ˺·

ͨ鱦Ƚƽʱϲϵ罻֪ԭߵ·ĳèＸǧĶԭǸ߶

͸Ҷ˵ҪҪŪʲôģȻ˾иͷΡΪûͷΣ߶ǸȦӶϡ

Ҷݣ

ⷽԭļ䣬ҶҲһӡǵԭЩϾûԭԼȥģ½ѩڵʱŪľ½Ǳ߶͹ġ

½ѩȥ֮ЩҲҶ󽻸Ĺܼ

Ҷ֪ĸ¹·ݳƷʲôġ

Ȼ½ͥ½ͥŪ˼·ͨ鱦ϲЩ·϶ǲܸФġ

ͨ鱦ǳļƵİԼĳļʮһ·Ф

ФƤȷʵԣͷʳ̳ˣ֮Щ˿ڶ˺ֻܶ࣬¶ͷһ̣Ǳȥһ

ӲͰһӲˡ

һ·ǺɫģФƤëɫһģФҲǷǳġ

ʰ޸ɾ֮ҶݾʱڼҴţһǱ߾£֪֮ҲϽͬǰҶݸô飬Ҷһͬ־ô͸ǹеµˡ

ҶҵЩˣҲûдֱֵ˵ǲֱӹΪǴСжԼϰߵģһЩϲԼСܵġ

ڹķΧûϵģĳһΧͲˡ

Ϊ㱾һǷߣбģҲڵĸ顣

ҶҲûФԼ¡͵£˵Фһʽ¼ôһԱ
158 ֻ԰Ȯ	



ûʣҶݾ˵ˣФΪЧ

ЦˣСͬ־Ҷȫ¡ҶݱϲǵǵˣõԭļϾˣԶûʲôС

ܲҲҶʴˡ

ǵҲΪǵһ㣬ֱӸҶݸһǵݡ

һ΢еҸ飬ǻƻصƽģ͵ԭҶеǱϻڸ飬֮ҲͶҶߣģնϸֲ

ΪһǧϼһҶݲ˲顣

أǵСͬ־СܡҰҵҰֻֻҰסĵǡҼҪĽܳΪһ˵Сͬ־Ҳʲô顣

;ҶݵľܸߣҲһͬ־

̫Ҷݣ̫ˣǽҵȼü֮㲻֪æҪȿˮʱ䶼ûС

ͱǼǴȥˣΪ¶Ƚ϶࣬ǴڵĹԱرæĹЧʻûҶôߣϴڵǼǵʱҶ͸㶨һţæҵġ

˵ʱʽ˲Ҳˡ

š

ţͷ˵ˣҶǻ۵𣬲ܹԴҺһǲҲͦõģһͷر˼뾳磬˼뾳رĸߡ

˼ǲЩ壬ҲԳΪͬµġ

Ҳ뾭ͳһĽ̵ѵСҪȻһҪǣ϶ǲеġ

Ϊ飬ͷҪͺˡһó飬Ҷݿ˵˯ֱӸͷ

ЩƽʱɻһЩרšִģĿǰ׷׳ֲ£ͻܷǼ

ЩĴƽʱǲɽģҲƵĳˣء

ʱɣǶԵȵģûа취⡣˶˾һˣһЩвԸˣǾͲˡ

ʲôЩϺзĳͺˡ

ҶԵǫһ£ϸʡ

ǲʵģΪҶݵ飬ǼȻͬ£Ϳˡ֪ФҪһϵеĽѵҲ⡣

̫ллˣҶݣ㲻֪ҰҶٴæ

ⲻʲô£֪Фˣı塭ҶŤͷФһۣıʲô

ֻ԰Ȯ

һһˮֱ˳ҶݵûʲôرķӦŶ˰ɣҶϽ񣬡ţ

ûã˹ˣҶݽһ£Լģ̫æˣֻͬˡԭЩĵģһҶݣ۾һӾ

Сͬ־ûʲô˼ڶҴ⡣ͨ鱦︹̣ǳʵ͵Ҷݵǰ档

ǰԭҪڴڨģԼûŤͷͿһЦ¶һڰĴ˧ſž棬ˡ

Ϊôô׵أ

¾չֳΪ˵ǹģ˵ǹ䣬ʵĺᣬЩԭͲʲôĹϡˣ̫ˣԭ򣬵⹦ͱĲײģӡ

ڵĹ֮жٶ֮ǰȱΪߵһЩϰߣԼʲôġ

¾һЩ츳ģҳ¼ҲĸվһڹһЩλģˣʵҲ¾ʲô竣ƽʱŬҲѣͱԷץˡ׳

¾Ҳû£仰·ѣ˭֪Ȼ߾ͿԼĶĹۺݻûðͱˡ

ΪѪյˣ̰

ϲ̣Ϊ̣׼ԷȲʵһ֮̽ɫˣȷһþȫ˼ȻһһƵġ

¾βɫˣôһЩް

ҶݱһȥΪФϾ˹űܵĿܺ;裬ʵɷֱȽ϶ࡣ

кһȥҶǲ̫ĵġ

ҪǸǰںٲС顣û취ڵǵĸ̫ǳˣʲôòٲġͨ鱦˵ȥ

ҶҲġΪԼôıȻǷҶ

Ȼͬ͵ͬ˧˾һȥ˹һ·ϻ˲ٲ˵Χۡ

ͨ鱦ʲôȵӣǺǷ֣ôҲôȵȥ


159 Ҷ	



¾ұץ˸׳һԷѸզ죿

¾ˣԼʵˣǱԾû˵ͨ鱦ͲһþյӣιҸ˵û𣿡

¾

ФǶ໰ԸΪ˵ľܱܻȺҲӦϾ˹ʱҲܵϣȥ϶ᱻ˸ФһΣѹûմͨ鱦ͳ¾ˡ

ԭ˧۵ˣ

񾭲ɣͨ鱦˵һ·Ƶ˷ϣѡ

ҶڼеĵʱþͿˣͦõģʶˣֱֱ֮Ҷݵͺˡ̫ˣװ֪Լʶͨ鱦

һһƪʺš



УǸƯС˭ҲʦְȥФĸФ

Ҷݣ

鷳ظһ£ĺҪҵģСС̹Ҳ̫˰ɣҲһѿԸôȡְ

㲻롣

ϸ룬Լղȷʵǳ嶯ˣС̹ʲôĿȷʵ۵ģϰ಻Ǯˣ޸ˡöǮв𰡣Ҳͨ鱦ǳȤ׷˺ܶࡣ

Ҷݶʷˣֻø˵ͨ鱦ʦܣɽģûʲôʶȥһǼעˡһָˡ

УҾرƽ⣬̫ˣ֪ȱ־͸֡

Ҷݣû£˾ͺá

Ź˲һͷ˻ˣرĵ⡣

֪ڿֵģҽҶ񡣡

ҶݣҶûͨ鱦Ҳգੲݵ˵ԼΪȡ˶ϸһϸ

ФҲʵ̫ˡͨ鱦ФûжҶôõƢ

ү˵͹͹ˡ㡣

Ф

Фʵڣһ˹ϰסôõķζȻˣǱϻһ˹ԶʶľȥҶݼҵͰ

ͺ˼ˣҶݼͰָ߿Ƽ˵ֱӷֽܸ֡ӦֻҪжϿվͻԶ򿪸ӣȻͰܹԶֽΪ޺Һ塣ҲǷǳġ

Фʶ

Ųõʳζʮֵʧġ

ǰȥһ¡

ԣҪ̫ԶˣһĶﶮĹ򣬵ڻҪǰϰ߸ĵ˵ΪʵֻΪ˸õӦڣΪֵܽı

Ҷô˵Фɫࡣ

Ϊһͷ˹ФҪ֤ԼͬʱԼŵСҲܱˣǱץˡˣΣգͬأ

Фǳĵġ

ȥ֮ǰͬ顣

Ҷ룬Щķ˸ǲȥģȻһ

ͬһȥ

Ф룬˵ͷ

ҲҪȥҲҪȥͨ鱦ҪһȥҶҲûдҲֱӺƤĸˡ

Фͨ鱦һۣǶλΪѳ¾ӡ̣ʴˣ˵ûרͣʲôûУҺࡣ

ͨ鱦񣺡

ʵǿ¾˳ۣԲŹǸŭԵӣڵԼӵ汻Фӣͨ鱦ܲȴҲˡ

𣿡

һƤӣͨ鱦һȻӡ

Ф̧ͷһۣӣǾ¶˼ֳЦ⡣ͨ鱦ʵǿϵʹðˡ

˶ûдͨ鱦ҲƤֱӸˡФȻû˵ѣԴ֮˹û쵼ߣʱһɢһֱץˣмֻ֪ĸˡ

ҲбȽϾĶϴƽʱǶصĵطϳһﴦ

ϳСȽƾɣҵ࣬ҲȽϲһԵñȽˡ

رҶӣ˲˵Ĺע

ΪϳС΢еǮĶ뿪ˣסĻ϶ع򹤵ģ滹һĽֽ֣ֳ֪ȴһƬĵطˡ

ФЩֵܽǾסڰһϺͬ棬Ǻͬи֪ĸ˺סھͳȺ˹ļҡ

̫ˣס𣿡

֪λүͶûʲôر𻵵ۣФҲøһʶˣ˹ģλүŶһܹεġ

ͨ鱦һ·ϾӶġ


160 ȸ	



һ˶û

ʱǱסˡŮĸȵģôû㣿Ϊ׵һŻɫˣһڻļ⣬ȥͺܲǡ

˵ʱһƥֱĶҶݣûҶߵͨ鱦Ф

Фȥʵԡϻ̣һǲǵġ

κһ˵ֻ԰ȮľݣȥȻףûɶ

ͨ鱦˿ǴǴɰСһ㶼ûֵһЩ˾ϲ͵ˡ

еĸŮһԱУȡŮһ˺׾ֱӰǺˡ

ʢΰʵܺãϾǡӽ¡ִ߶ȷչȫһһ߳С

ôĵطҲһЩǷ򣬾˵ϳҪģΪһЩӼֵɹⲻ

پ⡣

νڣһȺ˲ϽܲǨôȥˣȻ𽥷չ˰ĵط

ȫڸ㷢չͷʱûʱ侫רڳһ飬ԾʱšЩǲܰϵģֻҪû֪Ǿûϵ

Ҷһ۾ͿһƬͷļŪˡ

ëһҶ˻ֵ̿ģ

ҶɫЩģҪմȾһΣ˿ҲĸԸˡ

ʲôȣͷȥˣҶŤͷͨ鱦Ф

ФһƬĳȻʱǹǻûȫܴٻһЩëˡ

ŶΣûë

ܾ֮Ͷˡ

ͨ鱦ȫ޿ֵͣ⼸˸ҴԼ˵⣬ͨ鱦ǰɽ磬ҶδɵʱҲûòʱͨ鱦ûôˡ

˵ʵ֪ԼΪʲôˡ

ر𲻸ˡ

ȣûȣëǿһȺǰ̫ˡ

Сӣǲǣ

ëСһͽ

Сˣôһ㶼£ëҶһ㶼£ȥҲ£ʱȤŨˣҲöȦӣֱӾˡ

ΪʲôҪǰ

˼Сãó㲻ǷģǸ㿪ЦеӸǹ棬Ǿͷ㡣

ͨ鱦Ҫ쭣ͼФһӾ˹ȥ

һ˵ʱˣФıҲôĸߴҲ˴ȡ

Ȼͨ鱦ͿФ˹ȥһҧסǻëĴȣëѹûκε׼һҧס˴ȣ۵ֱС

ȥͨ鱦񾪺һ۾⣬ɵþ͸è۾Ƶġ

ôҲ԰ɼΣֵù

ͨ鱦ıʵ൱߰ģ׿ˣҶѱҲһЩȻҲΪʱǸոһ㴿ȽϺƭ

ǸҶݻô꣬ѾˣͲƭˡ

ʱͨ鱦ĺȻҧ˵ĹСⲻڿ乷

ҧĺãԣФ˰ҧ˸ʲô

ФŶ˰̧ȾһߣǰûʲôŻǲģëСæҵĿʼػѹûˡ

ûӣһʮ˾ͱФһ̵ˡ˭̵סһ˾һᣬ͸ҪɱƵġ

׻˵úãŵĲ´Ьģ²Ҫġ

˹ɲҪ

Щˣ˼ǰߣëǵķ򣬲֪뵽ʲôһҪǱȥǱһǳ˹Ƕǡ

ëķ֣ФǳɫӶһۣȻ֮Щ㱡Ķֲǵˣ֮ܿ־塣

֪ԼΪʲôˣ˲Ҳû취ˡ

Ƹ磬ĵǳ˸ǣ

ȩֵ̧֣̈Сͣˡ

һסһ˹Щ˹Ҳ֪ģֻֻֻ߰ĸһ˴ǵĵ̾ͷ˷Ƶĵҧ

׶ȥǡ

һʼҲֵϲԹ⣬Ǳ˹࣬Ծʹ⣬ֵȺ˺ҧĲ˵ûҲûɶ

һ֣ң

Ժ󣬰˶֪ˣĹӶǹǣԹȥ򰡣Щ蹷¡

ëҲ֪Լʱʲô֮ʶˡ

ģСİɣ磬˵һҪҪȥ˷磬ǿȮ磿

ëһ⻰ٿ˿ԼȲ˿ڣɫһӾͱʮѿ

˵ˣͷ
161 	



ФǴʮֵļǱϾļңֵǡսβռĵ̡˵ʵ˹ĲܻӭǰĵطҲе˲ӭǡ

еǡФ˹ǵͳЩ˶ʳˡ

Фͦ˵ģҶݿβͶˡϾǹɾģȫõ֮ǰϴȥӰģ˵һͻ̲סĻζβ͡ԽǿФɫԽѿβͶ΢΢Ĵȥˡ

ôˣͨ鱦ͨĵģҲʶղԾ

ûйҶ˵

֪Ǳ˹˻ǡФԸԵĳ档ʱҶһ̧һһžͰ˹˹߷˳ȥǹһƺߣûнг

žФԭκһԭһһӾɫ˹ӽ߳Ӿ׳۵ĺܡ

Фߣվǰ߹

˺һФŻΣһЩϲɫҪֵܽһֻûúõڼǳˡͬʱҲ֪ڵ⼸췢˶顣

ΪСϻٶ˺ۡ

˵һƬû˸ǣҲûǣôһЩ˻˹ͼơҪ˹

۹⿴ȷòǶ˹˵һڷģܹȡůñϵĵطͷǳĲס

ԾͲֹЩ˹⼸˹͹̡

ϾδɿĶǻ۱ȽϸߵĶ⼸˹ͲôԡǰФڵʱǵȷǱס˲⼸ФڣǾͳ顣

ЩФµ˹ȻǵԼļ԰϶ŲʣصϵŶеѪζʵǲֱӡ

ͨ鱦ֱӾס˱ӡҶݵûʲô̫ķӦ

ɽ̭ĵطͶȥˡ

ҶݵķӦֻФһЩøСФЩ˹ڶФһΪ׵ģûиղһͼǡ

ФȻ֣һʱ֮䲻ҿ϶ζԼϴһϴ󣬻˵ϴ˳Եˡ

֮ΪûɾģûôҲ벻ô顣

ڸԼϴˣ϶ϴġʱҶݾͿ˼ͷǰЩԲ̫һ˹ΧȻ̵ġФЩ˹ҲžǣЩ˹ФЩǸģûз̫

Ǵӱ淢ڵŹ׵ġ

ФһӾͻһ󹷣һҶݼ˼죬ΪΣƤëôһЩ͹ˮһˣһ㶼˹

Щֵ˹ȴϳˡ

ѽⲻҪĹֻˣ˵˴

ɲûǸֲǻĲͷˣͨȻûôߣǻǿ໥ġ⹷ڵʱɵĲǹ¶ǳݣֻҪǸͰǵԹ϶ҧͺˣǵĵҧˡ

ФڹʵҲ쵱ġһЩ˹ҪͶֻǸʱФҲһͷɵЩҲΪԼиطסжԣչԼʲô

Ҫô๷ʲô

һЩرǾ׸

ФŶӾһĸʮֵ׺һ˹Ҫ붼̫ܡ

һȺ֮һȺһȺͱȽˣФҶݿǽһģӾǡ

ǰסô˹ԺԣҾڿԻסȫǵȫ˹뷨𣿡

ҶݲФȥʲôйûҪ͸ԼҲԸʲôȫͲԼǵǵһԱ

㲻Ǹʲô鶤ʱûҵҶҲԼ˵¡ФһϾҲǳڵǵֻ԰ȮͬΪĹЩ˹Ӧйġ

ԼԸ⣬Ҷݲֹ

Фһһ¡һʱȻϾδɿô鲻ôȫ棬ҲԺΣֻһȺֵзе̲ᱻԼ۸

Ҷݾ͸һ

ֻҪ㹻ǿͿԱܻȺ

Ҳ̫ΰ˰ɣȻ֮ôһЩǿҵθô£ͬΪȻͬԼФɫЩ䡣

˵ȫˣֻ˵ĹӦòٰɡЩȫŽǾһǿЩûгɾûϵöǵĻ֪ǵ


162 ʹ	



ͨ鱦治֪Լ˻ܸ¶

ֱӻһŴ˼Ҹˡ˵ɵɾʮ㣬Լô궼׻ˣڲ֪Լ塣

ûФûôΰ뷨ֻԼӣԼߵֵܽãҲôɣɲôԶȫǵĹȫĹʲôϵ

ڲһˡ

Ŀˣ˿ȥҲôˣȥôһЩϵ˼ˡͨ鱦ҶжôһɵˣϵĻͦõġҶݶͨ鱦ֱӾͲͨ鱦ˡÿҶݵĵӾ硣

ⲿӾڵģҶݵһƮƮɾ˵Ҷ鱾һ֣ľͰƮƮʳ˼̻ĸоݳˡ

ȻͻˣȫΪôһɾĽɫ

ͨ鱦ҲҪȥȦչҶҲûֹҲӵȶȣҶݾֱûܡ˼ФϡȻɵͨǼܲס˼һ°

˵¾£ԲˮġһҶݾͺ͡

ֻһϲèĹңкܶදʲôġ

ϲҲСҶģһЩ֮ǰûãôôãǹϾһֶʲô˰ڲżҲһȻͷԼûʲộҲԼ뷨ǰɡ

ʱ͸ĲһһͿʼ⹷ˡ

һİѳȥģûһֱӾˣɥľֱӶָˡ˵Ƕرҡ

ФΪ뷨ԼŽèԼĳҲǲа

뷨Ҷ˵ʱҶݻһ¡

ţ뷨

ȥɡҶݸʮֿ϶ĻشФʮֵгɾ͸УԼõ˿϶ھ͸иɾˡ

ûãҶݾյĵ绰

дУ

л˵

ҵ˻治Ѹè˹ʲôĶʰˣ˵Ķôбµͬ°

Ҷݣ

һЩᣬФԲǰЩʰˣ϶ǰǶˡ

ǣФԼ˹ĳͺ׵õЩ˶ΰȻǸ˰ɣʵһһһ˹˼һ쵽ϰˣǵĺӵˡ

ֻôè˹ҪôҲһ⡣

ϾʢִĵطȫˣǾһʲСĿǮǳ𣬲ҲĿʵϲܿͷͷͲˡԺ΢ôһҪǮ

ٶǮҲð

绰һĿġ

ҶţФҲŪһҵӯЩèʲôģҶ֮ǰȥҪǴʮͨèʲôģ츳ͻλԵļûС

Ͼ⻹һϡĵطɣûôǻΡ

ģһ취Լһ滹ᰮʿġ

Ф˲̫óⷽĹٸҼ֮ģȥǮŪóһġ

Ф֪֮ʹһˣҶһüһèèͦӲʵģһ㶼˵ԼǰѧƵģ̫ˡ

֮ܳһֱûץèͦɵģҲֺͲȥˡèʮ̹ϡ



ԣҰ˵ֻǵӯҪǸԼṩϣָǻҪϽһ˰ջҪϾҸṩȶҲһ󲿷˵ʱɣǽ˰Ӧõġ

èӦˣ̬ȵǲ

ǿ϶ġ

ˣҾǿ԰Щַ࣬һЩ˶ﲢΪ˶İɣǻֻǸԼʧˣҾǿԺúõĵһ£ԸȥģǾͻȥҲǸǼ顣Ҫʲô

˵⻰ĲҶݣФ϶ɫͺѿˡҶݺôԼĶˣФûаɫڳͺܷǹȥ˵ʹ

ϾǸˣҲˣ֪ǰǸô¡

ܵĲԼͬ˵⻰ҶݣФûж˵ΪȷһЩģϲţ˵ʹ

˵ĺеʵǸʺٶҾͺܺãõèԣèܣҸһ˯Ҫϰ࣬ÿ첻ڼңһֻèڼҲ̫ˡҾҳˡ

ٸһᣬҲȥˣû˼

èں˵

ФһۣûҶҲûȰèڣܰáФҲܴе˶
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һЩϲһ𡣻˵ǾͱȽ໿ˣѾϰַſڵˡ

ǻһʱ֮Ը⣬ﻹô˵ġ

ǺҪġ

ǰèҶһۣҾͦģﻹȱ𣿡

ͨ鱦񣺡ǰĽÿ춼˯ǸɶѾ͵ȦȥչԼǮˣھȻһֻèԼ裬ͨ鱦ⲻ̡

ȱǼҲ

èźĿҶһۣˡ

һֻ߹ԵèȻǿԼҲԼĲʺٲŶԣڲʺͲҪ

һ֮èߵĸĸ߹ޡ

ͨ鱦һè欵ˣȥȦͲˣһ޼һﾹȻҶͨ鱦ͷǳĲˣһ㶼èˡ

ǱФڸֺ֧ͺͰ֮ºܿͽ

ֻǲФҲ֪˺üˡ

˵ˣʵǣɫûгֹģҲûڹǼǵģһξȻȫܳˣǼǵ˲Ҳû˸Ҷݡ

ֻҶһξФǸʱͿˣǸԹ԰ȥķС磬СССèСɾġ

ôһ̵ĻɣǲǸ鶤ܲסˣﳹй©ˡ

ԤеģԤи鶤ܿͶסˣҪй¶ˣ綼һˣܿͻգһɽһʵˡ

ΪûˣԷչķǿƼпܻϿƼǾͷǳ˼ˡ

ҶݽͿӴԱһС㣬Ҷݶе㲻˼

ŮʿҪҵ˶أд˶ģǶаĵģԵõܺõչˡ

ʶһЩʲôչˣ

СȻлǳҶôһʣ΢䣬վͺһ£ϴ谡һͰҲǿԵģѵģĳҪһЩ

С˵

Ҷݵ˵ͷò

С㺦ߵЦЦȻҶݾͿһкſڣĿС㣬СƺЩţҶǿˣҲû̫ʧ̬

Ҿ͹㲻дңȥдĿ˰ɡ

ôˣҸ˵ģҸ㲻ܵģ㲻Ҫˡ

Ҹôֻ֪ܾܰҵɡ

ӴιСӻִͦġ

кƺһЩۣС㶼ˣԴ֮ʱ̶;మûк³ġСʱ̶ǵһ㡣Ҳǲġ

Ǻǵĵ곤ҲФ˵ˡ

ģһֱɽȻܻʮ񣬵ǲôܲأǶͱҪһЩ

ҲФ˵ɽɽԭСԼʱֵЦ̲סֺˣ˵Ŀɰˣк̧ͷһۣʱЦˣϲôɰĵС

Сһֱܾ

ΪҺǮҼʲôûУ˵Ҫŵ𣿡

кһЦ˳ɰ

Сֺˣ˵˵ŶҸжûҵأûѧ㿴ҵġ

ҾǾɰһ𡣡

ô˵ͨأ

Ҷ̲סһЦˣ˵˼

ΪʲôӦ

кԽȵĶС㣬ѽ㿴ö˵Ӧҡ

Ҷݿкһۣкͦ˼ģ˵ͦϵġڵòʮģ˿һ۾;úÿǣ˿治ɫġ

ȻʩСǰкԼһۡûôע⵽߻һŮҶݾһ̣кĸǾסġ

İ飬ڷǰԵջкôãһҲûʲô

СҲ⡣

ллдҾǳ壬Ǯ

𣿡С۾һӾǺ㣬÷ǳƯһˣһӾˣ͸Ӻÿˣк۾ֱˡ

ѽҪǿͨ΢ת𣿡

ԵĿԵģ

С˵

ҲҪҰÿ򻨵Ǯ

㣬УǲľСһӾ͡кΪʲôҾͲԣ

С㶼Ҫˡ
164 	



Ҷݿģек뷨ôɰŮôòϲأ

ܹк̫ҪС̫˲

ҶݾͶС֣СȻ֣Ҷͬ࣬ûʲô֮ġֻ˵ҪСԣû˵ŮԣҶݳƯڵͬԿûΣա

˵˼䣬СɫһӾͱú֡

յк߶˵һ䣬кɫ͹һ£ҶһۣĲšƭˣ϶ǹƭҡ

û˵꣬Ҷݾ߹Сһڡ

С㾪ˣ

໹ô棿

ҶЦӯӯкСռк

ܾ͵ʲô˲õ档ѹҲڱʹϲŮĵƯûеʸ־ľأ֪ŮϲŮҲֻѹ𾪶ѡ



Ǹллˡ

ɰѵͲϲ㣿

Ҷݶ

СȻŵˣŵ˺ü

ιǮҪҪҪôϰ彻Сı㡣

Ҷݹ˵С㲻ҼˣȥһģˡҶأֲϲŮˣǮȥ

СսսģҶݵȴǳá

ܹоǵ֮УڵΪҲϾͻصԪӤڣ˲˺ܶ࣬͵ˣϲǻܸʲô

Ҷ֮ԳֽкС鲻ûɵġ

˵ԼԵֵĻͼҲûϵǻǻһûԵ֣ôһξ㹻ˡһεȷûк³ıȽ϶ࡣ

ϾֳҶݿкͨˣǱСıȽϺá

СһԻûпϡͲҪ˷ˡ

Ҷû뵽Լڻؼҵ·ϾȻӨӨӨӨлޱһ˾ʲôʱһģ

Ҷݣ㡭

ӨӨȿҶݣʵһЩӡҶݾôһЩ޵ݣоԼõһ涼ҶݿˡҶݷûʲô飬ҲûгЦ˼⵹ӨӨһ

ҶݾͿлޱһۣлޱıʮֵƽƽװģģģ͸ȫʶҶһıҲ͸żִ˼

ִһֲֻʶ㣬˵ͷϡ

Ҷݾ;÷ǳ˼ֲǵҪŪΪǸ鶤Ĺϵµǵʷȫһˣʱĳһʱ̳˻ңлޱϾȻ˫ꡣ

һڳ˯һ塣

ʲôֻҶݷǵϴμлޱʱϻûģ˵лޱϷʲôŵ顣

ҶҲ

ʲôʿ˵ֱȥͰ˼ҴĻɢ

ʱġлޱȴǣԭҶݰⱾŮǰÿ̫ƯˣΪŮǣⱾ浱֮֮Ӱ

лޱû뵽Լֻ˯һʹⱾ棬ⱾոհҹˣдŮ緭̵Ĺ¡ŮҶݴСڸԣļͥĸǼǸĸһҸСֻûĸ׾͹ˣȢһ衣

¾ʹʼҶݵ˺ܻһȴƫƫװĸʲôƵġ

Ҷݵ̵ܼҲʲôƲ磬ΪҶݸ׵ŮҲҶͬĸãҶݲ֪ΪԭŮҶ൱ȻĲϲĺӡ

ο֪ӸͲʲôĺӡ

ŶԣǺĺӣǺֵӡʱʼҶݾͿʼɳˣѧݷͬʱ½Ҳͨࡣں͵ܵǰҲƢֵĹϵҲŻ

һҶݾͱҪ˭ù˭

ȻΪŮǣֲõġ籾ҶݿԼ̺ͱĵõҶϼţͬʱѩݼţѩݼŵĹģʲҶϻҪй֮޲

ȻΪŮǣҶҲΧһȺˣոǸԼ൱һˣ˶ϡ

ΪŮ䣬ĺԼܵ³Ȼá

лޱԼͬͬյŮһڻҽɫ

лޱڼҶݱ𣬾;ҶڶѾѡˣԼĻԼ˿ȥǰֵԸ߸ϵС

лޱûãлҾƲˣԭû뿪ѡʢ

ʢѧһЩʵ׷ߣǻϼʲôԭģлޱȻҲġҪʢŮǰ

лޱҪȣ
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лޱѹ֪֮ԭҶˣҲɺϣӨӨԭ棬ӨӨŮǺù۰

ȻǺùۣոӨӨϣǾҶˡ

Ҷãлޱ

ţãϴ˵ȥŰæûϣǲ˼

Ҷݹ˵

лޱȻһ£εЦЦûϵûϵ

ʱ϶˵ģлޱɴͲ˵ˣӨӨлޱһֿҶһۣлޱ˵뵥Ҷ˵仰

лޱ㶣˵ããһ£ˡ

ʮֵʶ࣬ȻҶݸӨӨȥ֣ŻûнɣڿȥİƵģǺôĺù۰Ժ϶ϵõģûϵڸҶӦòϤɣһ㶼ȥȿ϶Ǻֵġ

߰ɡ

Ҫ˵ڵҲǺܻ˻мǧʲǰлޱ붼ġлޱ֮ǰһͨŮСسСԱĹһǧǮʣһǧ࣬ƽĲˡ

ĸũէȻŮлޱȻлѾƲˣʢĺȦĻˣлޱʲǧǼֱ̫Ҹˣ

һ㶼żԭĸĸϽϼȥ⡣ǳԭԸԼȥ



ôˣҶݺӨӨһһԵģӨӨƬ֮ſʵҶмȤζĶӨӨ˼ۡ

ǲҲҺûӣǸƭӣһʲôƭңһ˽ǲǴ͸ˣ

Ȼ㶼ô룬Ӧô˵

ӨӨЩɥҾ֪ô˵ͦ˽ģҲ˽㡣ӨӨЦſҶһۣҸ㲻һһң⹫˾Լ綼ܺãϧûС

ӨӨԭҶݵȷǲģǺͥ

ھڹúֻΪԸ½Ȼйϵ½˵̬Ȳǹؼ

ҪʲôѵΪԼ̬

ò־ŲȥıѲɲɱҶݾԼǽң̲סӨӨһΣӨӨ㶵ģȻû뵽ҶݾȻôġ

ϸ룬Ҷ˵ÿһ仰ÿһвˣΪʲô

ԼúɣļͥҾʵǲģ⿴Լô롣˵裬ѵҺһ򵥵Ľɫ𣿡

ӨӨɫһݣȻǡ

ҶҵǸ˵ѾˡôͻҪһ򵥵ĽɫûʲôҰĵûʲôҰĲӦúúܵµ

ʵܹŽɣܹ޽ȥѾ˺ܲѾͨ˲һˣֻΪÿһ˵ĹǷͬԻҪ

дסУǮУҪסķӣӵиķӣǮѷҵһжԼǾҰļҵ뷨

ţ׵ضġ

ӨӨ룬ЩˣҶҶݲں֣ںְֱǸŮ˺壬Ůɡ˵ĸֻǲһ

ֱһ̣ӨӨĴĵҶݡ

ʱûûεĻһѡٲѹǸˣʵϣ󡾫뿪֮ӨӨϵǸҲնˣû̫

ֻΪʵƣٴһЩӱܵ뷨Щ뷨ͼڸ󡾫ϡ

ǵʲôˡ

˵Ǹƭ𣿡

˵أ˵ġ

ӨӨ͡һЦˡ



תֹһ£ҶϾҪѧˣФԽԽ࣬ͷע⣬Ҫһͷԭûɽģɽ֮ЩԵʱе㳤ˡ

ȻҲ֪൱˺ܶģûֱӴһȺСܸ飬˵Ūһ֪ɽ֮һɲݣɲݾ˵˵ֱܹӷ

Ϣʱǵ籬ըˡ

ҶʵСãҶݸһԱϲעڲϢͲһˣһҵҵϰ࣬Ϣʮֵͨ

˵ǲǷˣڿǶʮһʲôɵɲݣǲҪȥҽԺ

ҶˣҲ̲סЦ⣬һ䡣

ʮһȥ˵ߣǲܻѣ˵񾭲

˲ЦˣҶݴһ㶼Ĭһ㶼ôһ룬Щˡ

˼˵ģ

Ҳһɽ棬˼ȷпܴǲ֪ĵرԲȡˡͷǺǽƻ


166 ĸ	



һĵرϢ޲סˣһֻӬҪ֪źء

ԼܹռⱦɽҶ·ġɽʱ֪ʲôؾĵرûɵµȫ˶֪

ⲻǺɵƵΪҶݲһˣֶɵˡ

ôɶ뻹ΪĵرĵطһյĵطԼȥˣԼһ˸㲻ڻѰͻƵ㡣

ȻҲпܸûνĵر

ȷƻģϢһųĻǼٵģ֮ĸԱġ

ⷽ棬һСۡҶôһ˵һӾסˣΪʲôô˵أϢȫ˵Ǻ°

ô˵Ҳһʲôɵ

֪һƷ¸еˣҪΪףͷô𣿡Ҷݷʡ

ܾڴǰһɵӡ

֪ˣҪϢпǷų

ѵǲˡҶݺЦҡҡͷ˵ʵϵڣߴ˳дˣиΪǰţҪȻ߲ԶҲ

;ٸǳ򵥵ıȷ

и˵и·Ǯ´˶֪⸻ѴҵˣǻԸĴֲһûʲôʧԻǻȥ

Ҳһģ岻˭԰˵ĵطȥѰɲݣ˭ȡɲݣܹȡʤ

ΪҲҪӭս

οǿɲݰʿջͬǺܴġʱԽԽˣͬģʿеʿҲˣһЩܳʱΪûʿߣ׷ͻˣ֮һַͬѰζᵽδؾֻҶһˡ

ôΪû

һԼܽ׵飬رĺá

ô֪ܽˣԭܾ˽Ķڼа˰ٽˣһΪҵǸء㲻ԺǶܾ

Ů̫ˡҶûдĻ롣

ôһɡ

ˣ֪ͷ˵ɲʲôط𣿡

ҲȤ𣿡

˵



ҶݻǾȥѧУǱ߱ˣϾѧУȥһ¾Ϳϧˣ˵Ǹַһʱ֮ûܹõǶֻҶݻˣǱϾ壬˼ҾǹϢ뻹ñ˵ԽʯһǲҪѬıȽϺá

Ҷô˵ˣͱͷͷ˵ˡֻϧˣõϢ˸̲ס˵̶̼ʱѾʧ˺üʿˡ

壬Կܲ壬ҲǷֲͬģȻԵ˵Ķĺܣôױƭ

ǵǰżˣֱӾҵѧУˡ

Ҷ㱨һרҵǵԭԽܸȤͱһѧͦ˼ġѧ죬ѧУǳ֣ͨ˵ʲôɲݰʲô֮ʲô֪ջʮֵĺгġ

Ҷݱһ컹ѧУһЩ䶯ûģΪƯʮֵ͵Ҳûʲôˣֱˡ

Ҷݣ㡣

ѧŮ࣬ҶǽϵΨĵĸŮϵ뷨ҶҲó⼸ŮദŮ˶һҶݸסңɿЦ

Ҷݣһס㰡һУѾȥˡ

˵ҶҲǸǽϵϵôʢ˥˵һҲҶһܹϵһȺء

Ǳƶҵ˵ͬԺѡ

ҶԼһ֪

Ҷûиƶ¥Ϳ

ǰˣ˵ĹȻԣ˾ˣҶݵʲôû˵Щ˹ȻһµȫȥѩɽǸʲôɲȥˣ˵ЩǲⰡ

˵ͷǳȻ΢ģȺﰬˣ˵ԣû뵽ô˱Žҵȥˡ

ҶЦҡҡͷΪΪ

򴽣ʲôԲߣǵԽԽˣǲģԾʢߵΰ仵˺ܶ࣬˺ܶͨ޷飬ͷʱðˡ

ûϵżǿŶһˡ

ȥĶ˰

˶ˣûǺȻģǶˣҲܶ

ĬƬ̣۾һ¡

ģЩ鲻ҪСġ


167 г	



˶֪£һȶڲϵ

#ҷг#

ִʵƽʱѣĸɳڶ㡣ʵ˭ĻгڶѾǶʮһˣ˭ôŰ

ڲһˣǴ󻷾ı仯ԽԽҲ䣬͵ϵԼϵı仯ͱˢùעԽԽˡ

汳ʪ͸ˣһζûУ軹˵ˣԼšҽʮûˣˡһ뷨ʵˣ#ҷг#ҿˮܣ˭ܸңĩҪ𣿡

һˮĳЦ˷ԼľҲ˱ʾȷʵˮܣԼľ˵ԼȻ֮ˮ︡ˣΪСĵˮΪԼء

ôˣ

ûм˵ʣǲˮϷԣڳȥˣ

ȥǲܳȥģˣʾԼûгȥһһͼƬۡһϴˣˮϣƯġȻоǲרȥpsˡ

ԭķ˿ʵ࣬Ϊһ򴲡Լܵ΢ͻȦˡ

ģв־Ҳ⣬ҷ˸˽˾Լܡģ˹㷺ĹעҲȥѻѹ

Ϊֵ̫ˣܶ඼ΧˣûһѾȻˡΪʱ̫ã̫ˡ

˵һʼע˲¾ǱҲûϵļ䣬ֻӣһӾͲǵˡ

ô࣬û˾ûҲûϵǻиĴ׷ۡ

Ѿ൱ȶ֮ٳɧܿڵ淴

ҵĴʲô˼Ѳ˵ģΪ̫ΥѧˣԲ֣ò˵ڵ۾ѩģô˽ɲġ

ֳ֮ܿµĴ

#װ####ʱ#

ͷʵҲʶˣԼҳﹷɾˣǿѹҲѹסȻѹסģǾͲѹˣôӦԲȷġ

Ҫȫܵ˶ŽϾһʱ仹İȫȽҪ

Ϊ˵ģΪһǮˣ˭˭ܹӵܡܶһʼܿܶĵײ㡣

Ȼ֮䣬󻷾ˣӵˣͺܽ׳¡

ôȫ߾Ҫһ쵼ߣ쵼õķߡⲻ˹˿ڶȱ

նǲһġҶݸ̸껰֮Ǳߵľ󣬶һˣԭУ԰ջǱȽϺгģΪֻĴѧѧϰΧʮֵŨѧܽĶǷǳ˲ġ

˵ѧϰΧһѧΧǳãʲôרҵʲô飬ʲôһȷĿꡣ

ڣһˣȣУ԰ĶΪˣĳĳͬѧĹȻ֮Ϳʼ˵ˣԼĳĳͬѧȻ֮θڱ÷ǳĴ󣬲һ˳Եʳôķ˻ԼǮԹ˻Ŷ

е˹ȥ

ĴžҶˡûʱ򣬿ȥһ˵ĵرϴŷҵǸΪٵˡ˵ĵرҲҶݾҲ϶кܴջ

ôţҶݾȥˡ

רǸλá

æüֱͱȹ磬ظϢʱˣҶݷǳĲϰߡֱӴ绰ȥˡҪȥɲݣ㲻˵Ǹϲ𣿡

ҶǱʮӣźҲ̫áƺ˽

㲻֪߳һ£УͷҸ绰аɡ

⣬Ǳ߾͹Ҷ˵绰ѾһСʱ֮ˣҶѾͨФ֪Ҫ֪ϢǸ˵ɲݾɽʵ͸뵽ġֻɽ͸ɽҪһɽλͬ

ǵطֻҪ鶤λҲпǸط

Ҷݾãø鶤λ֪ܲǸʹӣǵǵĴ˰Ҷ֪費˶µĵɣλֱӰ˼ҸˣֻһЩ㿴˶ɶˣ

鶤ܲסѹʱȫɢָʲôӣ

ֱ޷

ôһ룬ҶݶʼЩˣˣúܼ񵽲ٵĺô㲻ñԭɽôҪࡣ



Ҷݣؼңˡ

½үӵ˼ǲŮ½ͥϣ¶Ƕסһ¡֪ΪʲôܾԼòͨˡ


168 ·ְ	



ô˸磿

绰˵½ͥԾҶҲûж룬磬Ķ

ڼأֱӵҪҲС

Ҷüͷ½ҶܺãҲһûĵˣԭ֮ǰҪúõĶԴ½ˣҲûԥˣҴ򳵻ѧУҲԶ

ҿɡ·ϻЩ˵и׼

ţá

Ҷûи½ͥ飬ֱӾʰһ׼ؼһˣʱŽˣҶ֪Ǿʱµİ༶ǿܻᱻ·ְࡣ

Ҷһ£漴뵽ʲôû̫ʱ䣬ֱӾ˵Ӧ֪ʱˣܶ˶ܣ΢涼ˣסҲûˡôӵܵѧѧУҪ¿༶

šҶţһĹҷӦͦġ˵ʱͷЩ˻ˢֵġôʱľߣǲװ

ҶݣҺ˻ܣǰһأɵð𣬽ðˣüһû

ЩţҶݵҲ½ˣ˷ܵĵȻҲʧġ

˵Ҫ·ְˡ

֪ˣҪߺͷ߷ֿ

ǸѶʱЩͷɥ˵ôŬò׳Ϊѡ֮ӿϾûоܣ˱ˡ

ôŬʲôã

Ҷݵ֮УܣһǻܣһȻһ˷ܣʱû˵ʣǸûܵġ

Ҷû˵ǸûܵѲȼ𼸷ϣ

˶ģҶûУǿ϶ǻúʧġ˸ԼһҲûУôʧͻٺܶࡣ

˾ôһֵĶ

ҺҲˡ˵Ҹǿ

Ҷһץӡ

ѧľͷģЩɹۡһŮܹԼӣһǻѶȵġ

ܰѾ̾˵

Ҷû˵Ҳû˵ǡ

ˣǽӦòϿ˰ɣǲҪ·ְϿΣܰҵûؼһˡ

ҶĸˣصģֻҶǱصģҶҪؼңҲʾ⣬Ͼһ˶ˣǵĻҪˡ

ʱϵ顣

侲ҲԼλ濪ʼϵΪҵһλϣһȥ̨һ䡣

һ˭ŵ˴ˡ

Ҷݸ߳ңԾͷղһˣֵЩȥûʲôˣż߹ҲɫҴҵġգ鲻ܶ˭кܴӰ졣

Ҳûнµġ

ããҵķܣû뵽һܹϷɣָоʵ̫ˬˡ

Ҷû뵽ãͣת

ԭ˵Ҷ໰յ߾͸˻ȥͬѧ㿴ûУҵķǲǺܿ᣿Ҹ˵һˣ㲻Ҫܣʱʦİţʲô⡣

ҶԲЦЦлл㰡ͬѧ

ͨ鱦ʱ䲻ߣҶڵʵڵǻǺܿסġ

ô˵ҶݻѧУܣֹһôƯŮôȰأҪҪţôҲǻʹߡ

΢飬ԥˡѧУԶԻѧ֮ЩҲ̫

Ͳһˣ˭֪λܵĶһЩʲôˣǻֻ֪ɳʲô

עϵžͻ֪ϵĶ¼ˡ

ͷȺѲߵҲˣ˺һǾŮƯҲûԼСҪ

һŮȥŮô죿˷֪ҲųѧԼɲ̫

Ҳ̫ƵסҪǷ˿ɾͲֵˡԤУһǳ˼ġ

ûš

˼룬ĿҶ߳УţûһͿһ͵ĺУſͣ

һۣԲۡһ¡Ͳôˣ·Щ죿ϽԼ΢ɿңԭͣڵӰѧԺ赸ѧԺѧԺſڰð

еһѾ

Ҷ߹ȥһ۾Ϳ½ͥȥ磬ôˣݹǷȣ

½ͥ

Ѿͷ翪ЦҶҪˣ㻹˼ҿЦûĵСѾͷ

Ҷ½ͥӵȷм£أصҲ˼

ˣʲôˣ⹫˼𣿡


169 ҩ	



ʵ½ͥƺЩݡ

ҶʵѾ׼ӣɾˣ磬ҾµĲķʲôֱ˵ɣûʲôסġ

½ͥҲǣһֱһܼǿˡ˵˵ȷʵһ˺

ҩˡ

Ҷһ̲סһЦ˳

㲻

ʲôģһΪǶأһֱ׼磬ˡû°˭ߵģ

˵ҩڼʲôġ½ͥĬƬ̡

𣿡½ͥɫôһЩһѾòں飬ͺܶˡʵ½ҵıĻǹֻ֧֡иأܹԶ

ʢ֪顣Ҳжٵġ

½̧ͥƣһ˿ССĵ绨ͷǳ˼ˡ

ģҶʶľ˵ܹͷų׵ǲʵҶһֱͻɵǵЩνʵߵһֻ֧ǵһֱʮϡֻĳһʮͻûر

Ҫһԭ²ؼ

²ؼ߸߹ߵﶼı䲻˵һҶҲһˡȻûϵҲùܡǵԼһϵԼԱĹϵͦõġ

Ҷݲȥϵˡ

ԼĵҲˣ˵ˣҶݿǸԼйˡ

˼άʮֵĿ죬ܿ뵽һ顣

ǼǲǶӵˣ

½ͥĸҲǱɣҲ͵˵ͷҶݵǸҩǳáĲƷŨߵĶԼãǸһЩҪá

ͨЩѩҩĲƷʵֻǳġŨȲôߡ

ȻͱҩĶ֮

½үӱҶݻ˵ģǱߵ̬ȾһЩǿӲŪ½Ҳ̫ҩϾҶŪġ

үӵ˼øҶ˵һ¡

½ͥŻôĸҶ˵顣

̫ˡҶݱֵĺܸˡҩӣ½ͥЩƣôõķӣԼôŪģ

Ϊʲôںأ

һⰡôҪķȻں

½ͥ˺ü顣ӱû𣿡

ûϵⷽȻ󣬵Ҳʲô

ͨĻҩɽʵܶ࣬ҩʦû취ʹãѩҩִƳҩʵҩЧûҩʦƵʮ֮һ

ɽʱмֵʵҩҩʦԼҩƷ

Ȼرĵ⡣

ҶóǼڵɽ綼ǱȽϳġҲûϵġ½ͥȷ֮ûûϣһ

⹫öԲ㣬ҪҰӻȥء

ڵ绰ô˵ͺˣŵΪʲô顣Ҷ½ͥһۣãﶼ𣿡ҶôһĦȭƵ˼ˡ

Ҳǡ

½ͥСѾͷӣֲ˵֪Ҫˡ½ͥͦ˵ģ΢΢ʾǳĺá

磬ʱһˣֹ˾ô죿

˭涨ʱͲܹȦˣЧˣҾͦõģ߾֮

˵ĺеҾȻԶԡҶݾ½ͥҲȷһ˲š

˸յ½լҶݾͽӵø绰

ҶϣҶΨһϵҶˣ˵ҲرĴ󣬲Ū·Сģݣؼңڼ˵㡣

ӣҶһЦ

˭绰½ͥҲҶ˵ӣʱһˣԺ˭ȭͷ˭˵ˡ½ͥİԵͳˡ

Ҷݸ˿ֻ

Сӣ˵ʲô

Ҷϣһ£ԼҲˣӲ½簡һ𰡣

˭簡Сӱݡ

ô˵½ͥҶϣĸйٻǲģСӴҶΨһĵˡڸոܾҶݣҪ

ֻֻصҶҶϣص˵ݣ¶ʵ㣬Ǹ绹㣬ǸŮˣһŮ˵𣿡

Ҷݻһ£˭һŮʲôϵܿˣŶǶٰû뵽ôҪӣȻŮȻҶݱ˶ŮûʲôƫԼҲŮˣΪʲôҪŮأ

ǵǵ˾ͺֵģϲкֻкܹ̳мҵҶҵϵľ͸ˣ֪ԶжڴءһŮ

ٵǲùҲҶûϵ

ʲôʲôϵ


170 Ǳ	



Ҷϣãþӡòˡ

ôһĻô˵ûʲô˼ˡˣݣ֪ڵرᣬϷɰҴɣ

Ҷݺ˵ˣѾˡŶǣÿԴɡ

Ҷ߸٩ǱֱӾˮȡΪȻ֮䷢ı仯ҶѾԤõҽԺõĲٵôһЩҵ˼

ô˵أΪȻ֮ˣ֪һģڶû˼ˣҺúѾˡҶǰԼǿϢǰͷӶ˳ġѾǵˡ

Ϊԭ˳ЩΣաǶҶǰԼǿҶ̫̫Ǹ̫̫ţ˳ĺӱʸӴ

Ҷ̫̫;ã֮ǰӶ˳ˣôӾͲˣԶ˳ģϾѾˣ˺֮󼸺ˣûˡҽʿ˶֪ȥˡ

öپĻǣ˺ܳʱ䣬ֻ˺ܴĴ۲ĺӣȻǸŮ

ϾپãԼⱲһˡʹˣӾͷǳΣˡ

ûˡҪٻҪõҵĳϣԼСûˣǻ̸ʲôٻ

ֱڸЦǣ

ڣŮ㿴ңҿ㣬Χķ·ڵϵٺܱر꺢ӣˣһ벻ĸо

˺һ޽ˡ

ûϵ𣿡ɳƵʵҡҡͷ裬ģٸְִ绰

ʱ򣬶޷ȵסˣôӶѾˣкүүǱҲ֪ˣҲ֪ˣǶû˵ǹ˾شҪ˵ûзЩ仯޿Ҳүүѡ

ڣ޾ã緢ûʲô˵ġ

Ҳȷʵʺϸ˵ھе˼ʱһֱڹעϵϢǱʶﻹЩţʲôգʲôߣǼٵİɣ

ôûйٷҥôأʵֲĵӰνգôһоûС

һֱԼǺһˣգһ㷴ӦûУûܣǼٵġ΢ÿ춼ǳ֡

رǹܷģ˵ͦģ⼸죬޲ڹעⷽϢҲżԼϵı仯ϵ˼ͺ٣˵ûʲôСˡ

ĸŮҽԺס˴£ҪҶǮںסԺѡǶپ;ûܣʹˣֻôһӣʱӷףˣ˵״̬ǳá

˵ܺӵԱʲôʱҪǼ˵ĹĺͰ

ٺõҽԺٺõסԺ޷ġ

Ůܹ½ѩỹûȥʱʹҶ󣬲һͷӣ̵½ѩȥֺ֮ҶӽҶңȻǺܱŽܣ˵̹ӹɵġ

ȻҪˣǰ

û취ˣŮŮɣһӶûУҪ裬ʵһӣôŮҲûôˡ

˽ҶҶڸĸĽ֮£ȷʵҲŮģûϵô̡ܹϵˣǼΨһŮ

ֲûжӡоҪҶұŮӡ

ĺףҶܹ½ѩһӣԲһнڲٵˡ

ⱲӾֻˣ϶ҪΪԼĺı

ĸŮ˸˼޵˺þúþöûиоԼԵܵı仯Ȼ뷽跨ȥѯҶǱߵ

˵һ޵еĻ˾ҶˡԼûܣرܣҪ㷢ܣҶҲûУͻúܶࡣ

һȦ޾ͷԼûϵҶݵ

˼ȥ뵽Ҷϣö֮ڱϾҶҵϱҶϣʱԶþϵʽ

ԥżһҶϣ緽ʽ

Ҷϣܿͨˣ֮һǶޣͲظˣòСûԼĿģܸġ˼䣬һ

ϣ磬㿴΢˵Щ¶𣿡

˵ַһɵı顣

Ҿر𳶵ǹٷҲҥÿıͨôŶ

˵Ѿ߱ĸٵİǱʡ

ϢȥͷǳںĸҶϣ˽ְҶϣ뷨


171 רҼ	



Ҷϣⷽ˵ǡרҡŶΪô

ʵӵôģ

ҶϣְҶΪҶ׵ܵܣֵһУĳЩ滹ǺƵġҲ˵ҶʱҲһʵˡ֮Ӽҵ˶ѡ

ҶϣСʱҲһǸԾƯᣬȡҶϣֵ֪طܲӶϱǶӿǱĲ˵ģһͰҶϣŪ

ȡҶϣĺøС

ǴΣҶϣһܵ˺Ҷ֮ȸҶҲ޹ϵ

ҶϣΨһĶӣʵھڶ࣬Ӿٶ࣬Ҳǰ״ģҶҶϣ൱ӡ

ǸʱҶϣʵҲСˣѾǼˡ½ĳԹĿͷڼмҡ

˵ʲôƯŮͬѧŮˣҶϣίһǶޱϾҶŮҲãҶôء

Ҷϣ;û˼

ٷûҾԼעһ¡

޵˺ܾòŵȵôһظʶ΢Ϳ˺ܶýˣҲʮֵľܷ֡Ϲýһ磬дһЩСĬ

ϲҽʱ

һĹýȻýתһЩʮĬķͷı飬е˵СȥˡԽԽ˳΢֮ͿҶϣֻظһ䡣

ʱһˣΪͨ˵ȷʵӦСһ㣬û±ȥܣڼүүš

ҶϣΪøܹˡ

ϾҲҶҵһӣΪŵһӣҶϣ̫ˣ󲮻үү޺ܵܲǴ󲮵ĺӣôôˣ

Щ֪ͺˣͲ˵

ôһ˲Ŀհףʱӵŵĵ绰ԥƬҲ֪ӲӣҲ֪뵽ʲôǽ˵绰绰治ţõ

㣿ҶأҶĶأ

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ǰ㣬شҪ˵ǼҪˣ

ң޲мž˶˵Ұ֣Ұˣ㣬ǼϾҪĻͥˣ֪߿ɲడһӵܾܹõһһ׷ӣҵõҵʽƹ

弤ˣʮˣʵһֱ֪ңŶùӣҲˣֻһܹͷء

˭֪أﾹȻֻּܣ˵ʱ˾ôءһ塣

޲øˣɷɬ

ôﶼܣΪʲôûУȫͲƽƾʲôأ

ʵֻһ˿ڴȫ˶ûзӣǿ̵¥ȴԽԽ࣬еʮףϰ׷ӣеȴȫҼũƾ

Ƿǳƽġ

ʱˣҲ൱ǸͨʽˣҲΪ˰ЩԭײߣҾϢ

ʵûʲô˼ֻǴӵײһ̬ƽ⡣Թһĺܺݡ

ʩһֱ߳ĸС˺ܶࡣʵͨˣǶмˣ˼˾ߣûĵıϾǼΪ棬ҲҪü˹úáڹôһ͸а˼ˡ

ǺðɣǻʲôҲһùһоأ˵ӵ࣬ŸƽʱѵǿйأǿȵܹܶܡǾʵʵĽܹҵİš

޹Ҷ˵绰ﻹҵģһ˶ûСֻ軹иճûõãܵܶαլǱ߽ˡ

Ƕٴӷ߳

ޣʲôˣ

һ˲䣬޾뵽˶ԲߡȻЩģҲòϣԼҾ˾˻ܶĸ˵Ҳþǻ¡˵߸һȵĻǶҲˡ

ǮȲҶ֮⣬Ͳ䲻Ҷˡ

һ֮͸˵ˣٱϾϺ꣬¸˺ЩٶۣҲԼкôķ롣

죬ְִ绰

͸Ҷ˵绰һ£ְ֣һϢҾ˾ˣ

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˵ҶǱ߸սӵ绰͵õϢΪˣҶȨףҶүӺҶ̫̫ʵڳ

ȽϲҵҶĿǰֻҶϣҶݣûУΣҲǡҶ̫̫ոջڶ޵绰֮ǰ˵

ǲǶٵѪͼӰӡô˻һŮûƵġ绰ˡҶ̫̫ͺΡ


172 Ƥ	



Ҷ̫̫ʲô˰Ƥͺܺģûô¡Ҷ󣬿ԼûнӵŮĶ绰뵽ǸûõĴ˸羹ȻΪߣѵõĶԶҲ˺ܶࡣ

̫ˣ

ʱһˣְүүԲأǸˣչˣְַǳģǧҪܣְֺܿͻؼҡ

Ȼ߶ôһѱˣǻǻһЩа顣һ˲

ҸݣߵСǸҲ͵ϮǸҼûǾͱȽϲˡ

ʵĸŮ˵ͱȽΣգҪƽʱûκ⣬ססﻹбķӶˡ

ڱķӶ˶ˣŮһСŮӤҪǻһİӵĴҪˣ޲ͻؼȥ

Ҷһ㶼żοšֻοҶԼ̫š

ʱ򣬺ȻһС

ҶʱҲЩżˣ֣ǵһʱȥҶүӵҶүӸղҲˣ˾ˣζԺǲܹ۹ˡ

ҶүӸ̫̫ǺܿŵڵˡͶĳΪ飬һӶܼš

Ǻӽš

ֲһˣʱҶүΪҶϵ쵼ȻЩͿ⽨ϼҳ˼룬ǸɵӣҲʮʱһˣ߿϶ǻŴġ

үƽʱô֪ˣЩνܷ찡˼һ־ͰϹͷˣ

ͷˡò˵ʮֵûаȫСŻټ˵լԭ棬ĶϱٲĿǷΧ֮ڡ

Ȼڼ޽ˣҶүҲûаѶҵ׼ǵܶضԼң

ȸ½Ҵ绰

ҶүӳĬƬ̣Ǿöȸ½ϵȡǱߵĹϵƱˡ

Ȼ˵Ǹ½ҿȥַˣҶүܾûôףҶݻŰɣ˿ֵѿһ

ֻҪҶͬʱҶҺ½ѪĺӻţҾǷֲġ

½ҲǶ׼ҡ½Ҳ˻ܣǶҲôҪˡ

ͬߣԼһĻܣݸĶҵǻܵүǲһġ

ҶûаԥûԼֻҶݴ绰˵ֻΪʲôԼģԼҶ

ҶҵҲûŹҶҶҵ˹ƶ౻Ҷˣ뵽ġ

Ȼͽͨˡ

ʵԸӣ˹ͬ壬Ҳû취ֻÿ˵ݰ绰𣿡

ҶϣȻլǸոܵ¥ȥˣߣûһܹܵɵĲˡҶϣ˼ô࣬öϰϰǷУûʲôġ

͸Ҫϰˡ

һҲõҶүӵĿ϶

ҶǱ߽ӵ绰ûоʮ⣬ţҸҴ绰ˣ˵ܡ

šҲãôҶݵĹϵûжãҲֶͨŮĹϵЩʢ¹ӵЩ꣬ҶΪңΪ˶ʱ䳤ˣҲӲǸһദȥˡ

ԲԭҶݣӡ󶼲

ţͦõġҲˣô

Ҷүӵ۾һӾҶһǲģϾѪˣѾǴˡ

Ҷ̫̫ȴ̫ˣСŮԼһ㶼𾴣ôһŮиûҲûʲô˵˼ҾҲûʲô˵ĸо

һЩ˵ĸо˵Ҷûã仯ʱ棬ΪͷӺȻԼĴġ

ۼɫͺͺˡ

̫ݡ

˵ҶҶֻǳĬƬ̣ȻҲ߾ȻҶ󣬲ҶˣҶ˶ڰɡ

ˡ

үү̻֣Ҹ嶼ͦġһˣϹͷŽء

ݣҪʱؼһ˰ɡ

ʵ˵ҶݸҶҲûʲôޣֻҶ˳ҶϣҶ֮ⶼͦģ⽨ϹŶһүү̱̣һҶݶϲ

˵ԭԭΣ

лΪһ˵ĲԵԹԹϵʵǴҲû취ҪӸԹޣֻԶѾǺܺúǵΪˡ

ϾҶҲԭ鷳


173 ¼Ԫ	



ͨ鱦ĵرг̶ܹκεıܹһ̶ϼ⵽ɢ

ߵĳ֣ЩɵİųֲĲȶأ̶̼ʱ䣬ָֻֻյķ˸֮ĹϵȷʵǱˣǿҲӦǵĴҲ֮ͨϡ

û취飬˭ԼأбԼҲǰ

㲻ߣҲûг׵ľҪΪߵĲûдرԵĹɡе翪ʼ֮ǰģ˼ߣе˺еǹصĹˣġ

Ȼڸ߼д¥ģ˭пܳΪߣԵЩƽڲߣѼˣǺﶼпߡ

Ҿͷ֣Ӹճʱ򼸺ûܵģĿǰֻСߴʮҡһСѧ͵мܵĹˣٸǷְࡣܵҪܽرѵ

ݲͳƣȫֻ˿ڵİٷ֮ʮҡ

ܶࡣҲ˺ܶϣ˾һֶĻϣ㲻ͻһʲô鶼ɵĳ

Ѿûϣˣָʲô

ǶϣǾͲܸ飬һ鱻ץסˣкصУһӣѪϾˡ

ֻԹһѪĵطֻҪ˾ϣͺ˵ڹָֻֻżܹڽϷ֮澰˿Ҳ֣ǺĽˡ

֮Ҷݷֻö鶤Ũ˳Ҳһ㶼ľͰ⸿鶤ûˡ

һûãµķֱӸͨ鱦Ӷǲġ

ڶöö鶤λþͺ⣬ֱڱϼҪһö鶤ľ׶ˣΪһ׵ķ໥֮иӦġ

ҶһĴȣôû뵽أ

ͷֱȥϼͱ˺üĹŰö鶤Ϊ鶤ûˣǵŨˣҶݵΪҲһٵԪӤڣڡ

Ũ֮ߵˣͬʱйʿĶԼĵرÿһζᡣ

ҶݾõǵŨڵɽ綼ʱ򣬾͸Ӧ˵ǵǵһӵиܶ࣬ȴûа취ͷųûศɣಸ

ڱҶݰö鶤Ͳһˣ˵ԼܹṩһЩ

ҶݱʾԣҪ϶ǿԵġڵİ£Ҷ׾ٵҵö鶤γһ츣أҶݶЩ뿪ˡ

ǵĻķ˷츲صı仯Ϊ޵ʢֱӾ˴޵Уٵ̣ǵ鶼䣬Ƕﻹֲ

顣

ҶеĶкûֵ֮ģʺãһɳֳ֮˵֮ǻиӹ档

Ҳеһ׷ߵΪСȻҲһЩȡһЩΪ֮ͣͲǰˣԼҲˡ

ͱ綡ޣ޲һôˣһʱ֮ȻԼˣû˾ͷֶ٣ΣãСҲˡ

һҲͲôˡ

õȫõģȫġ

Ѿû˼ȥҶݱȽˡΪͨòȸַҶѾվ޷ĸ߶ˡ£ܸԷбȽأû˼ˡ

ڶϵʱ˵Ҷؾ̽յ顣

ȻҶҲԭˡ

ԭԼ·˯˺ܳܳʱ䣬ԺȴӵкܶࡰԼʱļ䣬Ƕμ棬Լֱ̫ˣûκε˴͸Ҷһ˾룬ҰŹ˺ܶ顣

ٵȵ󻷾仯ֵ֮õ˼ߣҿʼѰԴ׷ߵľ硣Ҷݾã·ʲôһֱٻԼ

һʱֲ֪֮ʲôֻвͣһֱͣ׷ѰпҵǸٻԼĶ

ҶڵǵһûͣҲûȥҰ¡¼ԪʿԣºһһҪ顣ÿһɡ

Ҷڵǵÿһ춼ѰһξġҡĽŲͣЪ

򣬹˵ķϽ磬ΪѰҸ鶤õ˼Ĺ¡ϾǸıδ򣬰Ѱҵġ

ݹ²νֻʱǵǵһСֻкôȴûҪȻĹ¿϶ࡣ

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