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ⴺůš
ݹ᾵ݴϣĿͷݶѣܸ˱ˮ
ʱŽ֮ӳŴʪݣ߽ϲ԰ϡ
̵ۣͷ΢ۣ߽һױŮӣǴ⺬ŵĻ䡣
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ǰƽ鸸ףҲǵة췴ųնӹһ١һжҪ鹦ķĴ󽫾顣
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һ̣֪ɷеİ¹
ѹͬԼһֱž룬Ҳδͬ齶߹Ϊסһˡ
һֱΪֻҪر֣ӣһõİСӣУȫֱ֡һףİԶ
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˵һղһգ㡣˵΢֪㲻ң㡣
һ˫Ŀͷ϶˵ĺ֪Ǹ˵ģƽһ˻ţɵ֪ңŭ
֪ƽǱة˺ıݺ顣һΪֻǳͷԣȥʱû뵽ݺݵĶ˵㣬޸˾ҡ
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ؿڱһŭѹųնʳѰ˼ǳɼȾϷ纮ͽȾˣϵⳣû˾סԷһסꡣ
ʪԷûķ纮תأҹԣ²ڵʮͷͬ͵ˣڡ
룬ϵӦڴˣû뵽߹ꡣ
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ûлشĻ͸ң
㣬Ȼģʲģ˵Σȴ¶ʣ˵ˣȽ죬뷨ӭҹš
Ļ뵽ԩĸĸֳϼģҿָԵȥĸĸֳ𣿡
ʶ˲壬ˡʲô֪Ҫ顣
ŴϿ˲˹Цһ죬һһ˵ʼնԲǵֻ㣬㺦ƽҼ޸飬һֹס
þһǱͷԵˡةͰƽж޽һĽ
ֻǸʱ˼ûпǹЩĸֹٰҲ޸顣
´У񻹼ǵûϵԭޱּƽճŮ̫ӣȻСˣ޲ةฮӣһ顣

һ˵ͺˡ
ƽųնʱʲôã·ѡģеĶԼܡ
޸һԼˣֻܵ޾䡣ǣֻԼĸĸıΪ
һӰӳϿδɷԷסĵһ죬ԶԶļһ档
ڵԶȵء
ϣ׼Сӵϡ֮Ի֪ͨһϣҲΪҪ
һҫԼеĵλһϣǰڣһֱѹţڣֻǼ˵ҡҪϿԼһڽ¡
Ͽݲ԰׵ϼһЦ룬һֱδˣôкԼԭΪ¡
ʲô֣ƫ̫̫С檡ͨѾߡ
һɫ˲䣬һʱûסƿڶ㾹ҡ
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ڲǻصˣǸӲŭڱ˷İ֮ˣ˵
黺ԼԲڴķޣסݱ֣üͷҲڴʱһ£ܿɫ糣СĽ㣬ڻУӦòͺ⣬˰ۡ
Ц꣬Ӳ֮ûãȴ̵ĸͱŮ˺ӣҪɡ
̫̣һһϴ
һŵɡִгΪǸƽ⣬Ļȱȫֵϡ
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Ҫң㲻䡣һҿ
״ſǻƵĿڣ飬㲻ӦġҾҲһģֻҪܼǵҺ͸еĺӣǡ˵˴ҭ˶ί㡣Ů˿˶̲סͬ飬οˡ
û뵽Լͬαģ
վ±û֪ͨ㣬СģϣܴӦµѾûҪһֱӰСӭš
˵գҪȥ
ڣ顣һҿԣͣ½Ų
治ȵҡ
ֻ֪һʧˮǲȵ˵šʣһֱûлֻһ飬βʲô𰸣š
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ŵüУתĿѪˣͷһţǰһȴʲôסƵģҲŲһ硣
ϡںôҲ˵
ϲдһ飬Ѫֱѣ飬ҴˣԶףǡ
˵꣬Ϻֻۣ䴲ء
Ժ֮УнԼٵĽŲôûѣⶼȥˡ
ƽ㷼ƿ߽ȫǽ֮ɫԴˮԣ㷼ճիֻŮѡ
Ժ磬˭˵˭
ĸףôܣĸѲڡ
ϼеҪۣһ̽Ƥȴʹʼߵ˺ôһһϵۡ
ԼһŽĸһģһС
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ۣǰĸףᡣ
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ĸ׵ůģߵҲеģԼһѣۡ
Ȼ䣬ʶʲô
ˡ                        
лҪ˵ˣ֧֡
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㷼Щ̫ԾΪﲻ֣ȥҴ
ϵˮϻ䣬ס㷼֣ףãûµģֻǿ̫ˡ
ɵѾͷﵣĲˣи̡Һѹˣллء
ֺ̧ҵĲ˲ϵˮţôˣ
ˣǵʲôʱҲǵԼʲô鵼µĻԡ
ڹܲˮҺةฮĹ飬Ѳʱֽ
ʶ룬ˮԼ
ʮһ꣬ԪʮꡣԪѽڣоٰʢ磬Ϊүùǻϵĳ
ɺ񰮣ÿԪѽһҶᱻ빬μʢ硣
ϲ֪Լˣ㷼ֱЦţͷΣϢһ
㷼Ҳûʲô󰭣ܸɻãԸţңչС㡣
ƿ߽ǣˡ
ңٴκۡҸԼةฮźȾϷ纮ԷһֱԼֱһʵ̫أǿҪ
ûȥҴ򣬱ֻۣöܳȥҴڴϵһһҹҲûΪǱܲԷĿŻˡ
ʧٺĵ죬ģĲתȥԺɹ̫Ժ·Ѿ̸߽ڳ侮ˡ
һ̣Ǳ˳Ƥ㿿Ժǽϣ̵ˮžž¡
ŰɣӲıһԼˮǸʱԼ˼Ͼܸԩ
һԲЩٷ
ϣϢȥ顣
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ĸ׸ղ˵ȵԼһˮԵһ˲ȷʵ顣ԼȵģĪмʲô
תͷңû˵ȵң˵ȵңˣ
ҡҡͷūֻ˵СڹˮСȥ̫ҽԺū澲֪
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Ͽһôûһ˫Ļۣ飬֣֮˫ϸ۰֣ǰֱݣ˵û¡
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Լǵãһ˲ץһѣδʪͷ϶ᡣȵԼϲǸɵġ
ҿ϶һ˵ʵȵԼ
ǵһȥҰȥ԰̻һͬ͵͵޳ҹ԰ֻżյ·ƣ·Ǻ
ǵ԰󣬰ȥҪ̻ԼţҪͰһȥ԰šߺһҹϷ̻ţ̧ͷ̻֮УҲڼ䣬ܵһѣˮС
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Լˮ˵˭
оһųţ쵽֮ʣͷϷůůԺ̳ʻҲǾ࿪ţã硣
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ʮȥ˱ߣﶨ۽ѧϰ̡
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ѩڰ꣬ˮһ󲡣ͳճմġ
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ѩſļˣϽˣѩϲϽ㣬С㡣˵꣬ӱı߿
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졣
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컯Ūˡ
ѩУø׳谮Ů
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ǵһѩմͻȻˣԶҲȺ
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ʢȨƸϥϣָ̧棬˵ȣҸʱȥлһ¡
ԣüͷһ壬ֲ÷˵Ůʱͷȥġ
Ҳڣݶ̶ǵû·Ըиˡ
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ҲţС׼Щʲô
Ŀǰ΢΢𣬡ȻΪ˸лľ֮
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ţ˵һͷ˽ӷһСϣһ򿪺ӣһɳѬζӡ
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ֱӿʼŻܲ˳ζһûĸŻһ߻֣óȥóȥ
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⡤
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δϵķţԹ㣬㵽׼ʲôôô㶼֪ҵǰˡ
ϵļ壬״һѶȥɵĴָͷϣ۵һűĵطԹţʲôùˣ붼۸ҡ
˭ôꡣ
㡣죬ҽةฮˣɫŶֱͲû˰Ҷ
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͹ȥĶһ򿪳Ѭ죬͵ʲô
һװžȣѽһ⣬ñ׼һֻʮ϶Ѿͷõʵġ
Թһͨ㣬Ҳ׼Щ
ʲôãҲУҲУոպá˵䣬һ˵ĺӡ
ԣȥõļĵǽµ
һǸ˺һһ㻹ȥ
Ҳ˲ϣ뵽͵ĻֹˣȻˣҲû취תƻ⣬㣬иҪ㡣
˵
͵ϵ̸˵Ҫ̫ӡѹǶܲȥƵġ
һҲҪ̫ӡʱһ׼飬ŵºһϵеĴ
ϵһ豭¶֮ɫ漴Сѵ⣬˵ҥǴ
ģǧȷץס֣ϵĿⲻźۼֱϣ㣬СϣҸóȻ㡣̫Ǻε˶Ϊɱбɳɱ˲գۣҪǶ̫ӲϲŮС½޹ȥί
ϳ֣˵˵Ǽ١ģΪҺã͸֪ΥʥּǴҪ̫ӣޣҲޡ
㲻Ը⣬øȥͻ˵϶Ϊѵġ
룬Լĺã̶̵ʱڶԼﻮ·֣Ŀǰе㲻ģ޸̫ӣҲû赲ߵ·
˼ӣΪ˼û˵ţʵԿǿ飬ᵱһպսǰ;
ԣϷþãΪԼǿǡ
ڰ֣вУһû޵䡣
̸˵תϱ뿪
ʵ벻ͨķΪΣ
һڿ˵飬һȴҪﻮŽԼƸ顣
ǰ飬ֻԼӵеġ
ȱһߣֻóŲɹڵĳֺǰһʮʱһģһԺܿҵߵĵ
ạ̃߳顣װû龹ֻͣ²
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΢΢һЦΣûʲô󰭰ɣ
ԼʣǵͷӦ޴󰭣лӹġ
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תĿȴֲʧеıӰϡԺиһĳΪҪ޸ԼֵǷ꣬󾪶ϣûϸıԭҪ̫ӵʥּԼ
Ϻ˵ǼʵΪ㰲ˣûкͰµŮӣϺ㰲¶
˼ȥסĵطԭȰסͬһУʹһֹۡ뿪סĳ
һֹҪǿһСϡ⡣һķ̾µСӣӴ򿪣Ťһİťᷢ֡
ת֣ŰǴСһ𳤴󣬰˵ûл۶ȴһƼ򵥣ʵĻءڰǰҲڣԱϺͰĹϵá
ͣùŮֺ˵-øŪ͸ǡ
⻰Ͻĵ֪ãʲôöǵҺͽ㡣
Դѧ￪ʼǱڰ棬Ҳǲٺöϡʹ͵ģϲͳͳǡҲմŰĹŹɽ
ûʲôһ仰顣һӣ޺ϡ
ĽǺŽ׳Ĺƣʼǹʼǳ
ӵĪҫ⻷
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ĽӵеԶԶ࣬ǵճŮֻǵմŮͬΪճȴͬ
뵽ԪѽڣСڵϺͻʺ潻̸
⣬̫ҲСˣʺĿǿ¡
ЩҲɫѡѡȥС̫µĵǲ٣Ҫ˵ʵȴû
޼ǵƽҵС㲻ǵʻ𣿡
һδ䣬Ͽ˵ǽ㡣ͷӿһ󲻸ʣƾʲô¶ͷϡ
˵ϣѾͷ檼ٴΣģӾͺһ㣬ı£ǸˡΪҲ󷽣ûʲôСƢǸС㡣ֻǱ
ϼ׵ϲ£ġ
ǵԪѽڹ󣬳檾Ͱճ̡
ϺͻʺĻһֲ©ȥиǲʣΪγͷĶǽ㣬Ҳֻõ㡣ôõ£ǲġ̫֮λõ
ɨһۣŰ˵-ûӢ۾ӣ̫˧ˡýȥةฮл㶼߲˼ȥ
Ļɫһ䡣
ţһʱˣȤϽ㣬С˵Ŀģ
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㿴ˣ˼ϡ
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Ƚ˵ţȰϽ֮УǹѲ߱˵İȫҲְ²عϡ
˵ﲻʹ죬ڨڨЦҲֻǿЦУġ
Ͽ͸ʲôһ飬Щѹ˵ƫƫ˵ˡ
һðϽְأһ˵
е̫Գϡ
һɫ΢䡣
ŰһɫҪĽ࣬ϱȥ
;԰жڰ۷ȥһվڻ԰԰ĺɻأ̵Բ̣һ֧һ֧Ԫѽڣҹǧ̻˶̻֮У
˵עڱ𴦣ĵȷȷܵϵǹ
Ҿڸղ˵©죬˵ûӢ۾ӡҲ˵ˮʱߡ
ˣƶϣʱδͬȥ񸮣Ǿ԰ڣܽԼȥ˾
뵽ϻһ
ʱһ˼·
ͷһһЦų
ǣһֵµ̫Գϣĵ׷˿˿Ρ                        
лҪ˵û
ϲ͵ղأôô^_^^_^

4

ǳǳ̫ӵ¡ӵ¡
񡣡
ĿԳϣ֪Ϊοһϰµ΢΢ֱӡ
һʲôʣղһֱſĺɻһĪн鱦
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֮ӣСԳߣֵܡ
ҲΪ鰲ʶԳϣĴҲ࣬޶ٽܾе⣬ΪֶŮԵʡ
෴ÿοһ٩
н鱦ҲǻʼҵĶһܿҲðǺȥ
̸Ц֮䣬ɨԳϣĲġһֵһһ֪ԡ
һҪԳϣҲзô࣬϶顣һ֣˻ϵ棬ԳǱҲʧ˼ӡ
ڻͨҲûΪǨŭƽ
ٴɨԳϣ΢ЦڼЦ˵׾ͺá
ЦǸͨ͸Ĺ¶һ

Գѵÿڡ
ԳһڵĶԳĿһϵҪ꣬ȥ
˵꣬յĸԳˡ
ϿԶȥıӰʵǸԳһԳϣ侭һȻ͸
ԼһӺҴҸɨҲûŶʣõ𣿡
΢΢һЦҼǴˣϷŰûа
Ѿµ˼ղЩûи߰Ϸ˲֪ٴΣֻһûô˼ȥ²⣬ҲûİϷ
ҲûҴ߰ɣˡ
š
˵ͱ䣬ղֻתļѾܲ
Ϻûߵſڣƾգһһʯϣοһš
㣬ǿҪҸط㣬ϾҪ´󡣡
̧ͷ죬Ҹط꣬תһæһ·
ʹһ˵ǽġҲֻܵſڣ³ͽԲÿݲһ㡣
ԽԽǸǰͣӱ͸Цݵǰɣǡ
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ڳڵ˳һɨÿü˲䡣
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ȥһ̧ͷ治Գϣʶһ¡Գϱһ룬ܾˡ
Գʮʱľ˾ﶨ۳ңʮܱ߽СռǳأΪܵϼ̫ͣӸһ
죬붫ڸۡ
ǿδй
Ƕ棬Ŀϵ䵽ԳϣִԳתƵϣüһЦڵԪˮԣӿɺã
ͷ飬ߵһ̣ǶԼ˵ӦѾûˡ
Ǿͺá˵俴ԳһۣҺϡ
ǸĻҪл˽һ
мһֱû˵üһϣĿ⿴Ĳδע⵽
üëһ˼ӣظĻл
԰˽㣬ȻҪл
ֳһģԳǱһԳԴ
عͷԭˡ
˷ȵģô顣ǵգԳϴһʪ͸ôˣԳϻһֻСòСˮһ
˵ˮȻûȵģŵģȵġ
ȴ⻰лһһ֤˵ٻ
֪˭Լڿ
ԽԽ󣬳ʻĽ㻨˰ʱҲҺǣȻҪڹСÿǽǸϵ͵ſڣȥʱżӣż·ո飬ǵбˣֻ߻ȥ
óǻȥſڵ˼³ɡ
վԣƿӡ
лл㡣
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վĿֲ֪䵽δŲ֪֪ǻЦ⡣
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һѤõ̻ҹţϵĿ⣬ҲĿ⿴ȥһһ̻ţҫŲۡǧ̻ţҫϿա
Ŀ䵽վڳرϣ¶Цݳ̻֮Сע⵽һߵûӦ㿴ϱˮУҹ̻˵
֮ڸҹյ̻С
ˮһʱܿ
ܹˮУѾͷ
˺ôľŽˮоһϢ޴󰭣ֻǺˮԡ
뽫ȥ̫ҽԺ뵽˵ݣʱǶڴڣó˿ѲʿĽŲ첽㵽һԵļɽ
һ𣬡ˣһˡ
Ӽɽ΢΢ֻ̽С㣬С㡣
鵲ߣʲôӦֻһԵ˵ȥˣҪ̫ҽԺС
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ԳϿ齫ߣŴӼɽ
񣬿Ժ¡
Ϊʲô㲻ףֲЦˡ
ԳüͷһҳһɣŮб𡣡
⻰Ӵһ磬⻰ΪҪҵУŮб𣿡
Գϵһۡ
⵱еɲ뿩ҿ˵ʺΪѡ
ѡ
ԳĿڸղĵطǷ˿˿Ц⣬Ƶףɫѣпɲôõġ

5

ñȥһ㻨֣Ҳ죬СֲϲԻ֣
Ͽһۣȥȥ
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ϼ״ҭšһĻҲ˵ڡһ;öġ
ɣе㡣
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ҪڣŰȥáȴڰǰ˵˻˵©졣
ھ׽һӶҪڣȴǺһڣԡ
ˮĺ󱳡
ϵһĵĻҲûУʵǿ˿ڡ
ȥһ֣ȴֻţ˵⻰Сôڻ԰֪ģ㰲ȥñˡ
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΢΢㿪ȵߣĪǽ֪ʲô
Ӧðջ԰ûˡ
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ҽǵҲʶǾ飬Եҿ϶ҲԸⱻƻ
Խ˵һֲʣʲô⡣
Խֱۣ΢΢һЦû⣬ŮҲñְ䡣Ϊ˴ȣĵ黭ͨǸѡ
ĸҲΪġ
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ûб뷨̫֮ӣϺεº⸣
룬ǱǺáҲϣĸԸ޸Գϣ˵ܸ롢ĮУʵůġ
š
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Ŀڲ豭ϣ˵ţ˵㰮Ľ飬ڸǰֹͻ顣
ԣͷһĵһ⣬ĺá֪۷϶û£û뵽ΪֹԼ޸̫ӣþһа취
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ţá
Ͽаİһ뵽δһҲӲȥ׵ˣͷܡ
һһֱΪǻ۰Ůһ浽һ죬۰Ҳᡣ
лҪ˵Ԥ棺Сͻˡ
ϲղһôô^_^^_^

6


ϴֹɫ߹һϼڽɫƬϣԡԸС͵ƽ
һ룬Ȼͣƿһӣ߹ݳСʣǰô£
һɲܴӳɽŽҪֻš
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ͽȥõš
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أпͨС
漴С˵Լ߻ȥɢɢ
⡤СһΪѡ
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С룬ͷӦá漴½ŵʡ
˴Լһӣתȥ졣ʱͣǰ˶С㣬
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һ뵽ڵԳϣıᵽɤ۴˵ҿ쵽ˣ鷳
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ѹǻѾڹùţýҡ˵꣬뿪
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˵ⷬȴ룬¾˷ģôϾּͻ顣պ̫֮λģҲᱻѹš
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ˣʵگԻƽʢȨ֮Ůϣ£ϻݣƷжغʺ֮á̫ڡ
ڵһ̫ڡʱɫٱ䣬˫ɴ󣬷ϥϵֽ߬
ʻȢ֮ʱŮ䡣ϴعУ̫裬Ӽһԡؽ̫Ϊ顣մˡ
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ʥּʥּϣС㣬ּɣ
̧ͷ˫ֽӹеʥּ
߬ȭͷûɿ֣ô̫ӡĪǰûȥ˵ôµġ                        
лҪ˵С糡
ôµġ
ôô졣

7


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ұʱͲµԳϿ϶ǰġ
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ϾԼίδҪġ
һ黹һҪԼԳϡ
ɲá
лҪ˵ԳϣãƤ
ղأôô^_^

8

Ӣŭ𣬡ط
ۿŵۼž͵
ӣǿˡ
ȥӢһ
䣬Թϣ뿪
㷼ȳȥҪϵ˵ֳȥʱŴϣֻʣˡ
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ʺﻹѡգ֮ǰѡӺ̫󷸳壬ֻӡҲѡˣڸеҲã˺Ҫġ
ӢͷŸղŵĻϵ˵Ҫ治޸̫ӣȥ˵˵ӻδ
һԼĺĸףΪʲô
ҸղѾ˵ˣҪ޸̫ӡǰϼĸŻϴͻ飬϶úϧ
ϱԼӢҲü˵ȥֱðɣȻˣף㣬ϣ̫Ӱͷϡ
⻰ôԼĸײףԼ
лл
Ϳʼ޲áıŮ޿ɲܵ
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Ҿ˵ǣͷԣԺС̫Ӹ˼С㶼Ҫʰ
ҡͷһЦ
ϸ˯֪ͨǰ˵ةЯСһͬףءһźСӣةƽûʱԼǿͿġû䣬żǰ˵Щ̱ĻĳͻûС
ССһ࣬ةฮڶͳˡ֮ҲûжĽǸ˼ĹһС㲻ͬദһҲûйɩ֮ìܣúϵ
ʰùȥһݾͿ㷼Ϸұߵλãߣվࡣ
ǳǳһЦҲЦ
ϼةˡ
䣬һ֪ĹѹûϺͻʺϲҪͰСѧϰѧϰ
ˣСҲ£黭ͨҲĺáӢ˵
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üͷǵĻͰϽȥߣһЩ⡣
һۡ
ȥɣҿҲ߶㷼ڡ
ϲɿڣȥɣԶ
лл˵꣬߹ȥϸ첲ݡ
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ݸһЦ˽ʦ˵ǲϲҪѧܾ
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ڵδ곤һͻ׺ܶ鶼ɲԼ
ԺһѾˡ
ҲһͬŵǰԺȥӢǵſڡһߣӢɫ˱䣬ϵةฮ
ס
һ£ȫ֪ة븸ڳһֱڵжԡ
ڿôܲǵжԷһȻةฮԷ֪ةһģƽҡ
Ȼ䣬ϲδһԼĹùվڶ档

пϣݾ£΢̬ȴ˿Ӱ
дʦ˵һ뱣˷飬ܹݣʧ֮ȥʳ
Щڹûϵĳ谮Ŵʦ˵Ļ
ŮŵҲƽеġ
ŵһź˻ӻ֣Ů¡
ū澴ˣ⽫Сָ̫ӵ¡ǰ˽ʹ
ƽĶͷһ˿·ڨڨһЦ̫УȺ¡»͸¶ＸҲû͸¶֣
ŵȻ֪⿴ƽʣȴһͷ̡
˵̫δϻλһжлᡣƽĿɽǱС޸̫ӵ£⿿ɽҲˡ
ŵס
ʲô
ЩӶֹûš
ȥơ
ǡŵĵ氲ѺٲȻﲻˣҪȥʹ
ֹ
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Ķ
վſڵɫһŵҲͷһ
ְƿץϷֵ˿ſڵŵ£˭Ҳҳ
վһ໨ƿ͵Цţ֪ʲôĹŮĸǰȥ
Ůһӱס˵˵ץˡ
۾ϵİײժ£ŮԼץŵ˫ȷͨһ࣬ˡū澲֪ݵ
üͷЦ߹ûע⵽ı飬ĸ밲
ûʼҹ顣һ߽ȥ
һ㶣ĸôˣǰײԼ͹棬Ҳģ
ŵʾǧҪ
ԸǶȥ
˭ߡλһĹŮһҲҶ
ĸҪʲô⣬ϷĸڷôĻ
ˡ
ʶ
ڡ̫
ЩŮȥʮ塣
ǣ
ס֡һ£ĸҪͷȷǰġ
ãǾһܷһĻĲС
ŮһȺūϹ֡Ϲ棬ȥֻ˵ĸĽŮ޷
ϴŵüͷڡ
ûľ
İ𣬡ˣȥ
ŵһôˣ飬ڵҲŹ飬˹ɣĶײ
ŵùã㲻ð顣
˵һ䣬ϸŵۣӳֱһֱճ缺
ǲϵͷշǺúýѵɣպ󻹲֪ʲô飬ʲô֡
ǰֲѺԴ
ӲΪڵĹˣתֱͦ󱳳Ժȥ
ŵ̾һƢôô
ĲУ̫磬ŵ°ĿˣĸĻҲպ޻֪ҪԶٿͷ
˵ǹȵԼң˲ᴦá

9

Ժ˷İŵڵ飬СԺúý̵ȥӹǳܲס
Ĵŵľһ𣬷·Ǵһ
޶ԡ
ŵĨᰧ󣬡˹ɣ
һһ´ϡ
΢΢ۣһյŭǴӵ֪ûͻһ¸Լٵڵ빬˴һƬֹҲûУ
ϸͻһҲǰҵģýŭйϡ
빬һҲĸʧְĲ֣ҲǴǰ̫ݡ
ۣɣ漴̧ȥ
ŵ״ȥ
ţҧŴ꣬һԣ󺹵ˡŮٱ𷣣Ҳ˵һĵĻ
΢ŵΪҪ˵ͣȴûڣǾš
񰵰ȭͷҪףҲСЩҪ־룬ǲǰһ棬֡Ҳѧɳ·Ǻܿࡢ̵ܲġ
ѧᣬĸѧᡣ
ڵңǸĻԼߵøԶֻᱻ˵ɵӣ׾ٲڽ¡
̽ĹԴվһࡣͬ𷣵һӴӳϹߣһϢİղűҲû˲们䣬
˺ۡһϢİͷܣȴͷʹûȥİ
֮£ֻǸһ棬˭ٸ㹫֣һš䣬Լ뿪
ŵԸϽѹȥ㡤ָһˣȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽ
ǡ
ŵԸ꣬Ͻ
ֹ߳δϲ̧ͷֹ֣˵ţǲǾñ̡̫̫ģ
ŵͷū澲ҡ
΢ﴽһӣҪףӣūūţԽ硣Ҫѧɳѧֱ棬һӡ
ϣףĸΪá
ϴǰԺԶԶ㿴վſڡϵ飬ӣ̫ƽ
㡣ϣЦӯӯܹȫȻûϵķŭ֮ɫ·ʲôҲûз
װĹԵġ
߽㣬ϵСĲԣСҲһʱ˵˲˵Ļ㲻Ҫ
Ļ֪ԼЦǸÿޡ
ϾȻ滵ˣԭĲ֪ʲôԼá
ܾνġ졯
һҪΪ˵
ǽãûиҹĳס
ǣϵĸ첲ǽԭСˡ
ϳĬ
˴Ҫ÷ϷλöѾźˣʱϷݻϡ
ϵͷ˵ĻŰɡÿΰ֪ܼͨҶһʱչܼҼüζûἰ¡

ϺϷſڵȵ쿪ʼҲûװ˵Īǰûɹô
ɣҲòĻѻ
ϷϿʼˣô죿
֪ΪҪƭ÷ϷȻλҲˣ˷ѣȽȥɣȻ
Ҳֻ
ǽȥ˻ѾãϷ϶¥
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Գ̧ۿȥ¥ϣĿһֱβ¥
״˵ռҶСȷʵòϧ
ϧʲôԳĿϣżвˣҪǸҼ˵ȥС
ǵ̸Ǹڣֲ˵ҪҪȥƴ
ԳϵһۣϷʼˡ
治ȥ
ԳϲרעϷ
ƵȷʵռҶС㲻⣬ǵĻδȥ˵˵ûлᡣ
ҪǺУӪ鶼һڴꡣ
ùģҲУһ㶼С
϶÷ϷûʲôȤڼ仹˯ţһŽкõѡ
òײߵ˲ѡ
ϷҲˣûϺЦһֻҪǰ飬ԲٵǷ˸ӡɴ˿ɼⳡ÷ϷǰԼҲǵãһѹҲϲ÷Ϸ˵ϷȤ
÷Ϸû̫ϧˡ˵š
´λлᣬ߰ɣ뿪ֻԼԼ÷ϷӦûô򵥡
á
ǰͷѾߵ¥ݴ󣬡⣬Ǯˡ
һת㿴Ǯʱע⵽֮ݹɨһۣܡۼֿ죬һץסĸ첲Էһ˦ѿϱ˦Ƶĺ
˿Ϻˣܷȥһѽ˴漴ĺײϣľͷϵʧȥ֧ţͷһѾѡ滹δɢȥ˿ʼСҴܣһƬӡδӦԷֱӽԵĲȵ¥
ϡ
ΪԼ϶ʱͻȻ֫϶һ
Ŀ͵ĿžˣԳҲֱͬءԺһƬհףΨֻϡ
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Գϣ
¥ϣȥϱԳϾȣͫգµֽ߬
ʱ͵ѾץסֱС͵ϺԳϸǰһߵϥѴС͵ͨ¡
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Ϸ﷢ȫһ˿С
ɩþͽˡ
ϱôһ˲
ҡ
㣬û°ɣͻȻܳװģû˵
Ʋ֣֪ûô򵥣ҲԼûе̷ס
û¡
Ǯģ
ԡء
ţźãͬ鲻ҪٳֵڶΡлһ˫ء
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͵Ķã˵
΢΢ͷɨһ۵ϵˣС͵Ҳһۣ񽻻㣬ȻǮѾûˣͰ˰ɣ
̫ӵ¾أԳϡ
ԳϴҲͷŷֻǽץԳϵģ˲ϵĺһɢʶ֡
Գϼӣ¶һ˿źۼЦ⡣
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˵Ļͷ顣
С͵ʲôҲ˲ϣϽ뿪
վһʮֵǶԣ٩ɩѵüһΣ͸һøš                        
лҪ˵ղأôô^_^
½к䡫

10


ԥлԼͬͬ˷顣
ԥѽһԥˣϾһˣûôġ
Գһ۸ɨȥգգۣ˵ڰ顣
ҲþܾͷӦ΢΢̧ԳϣԳϵҲ߿Ŀתͷ
߳Ϸݺվڶ¥δ˲߳ȥķ
ǹ
´ŻںȲﶨ̧һ˭ˣô󡣡еĲ豭һߣ˵
ЩŮ鶼ãøҲֻˤ飬кá
ﶨһЦеŭԹһ˻ôǷ𾭻ûг꣬ʣµ
ùá¾
ﶨ̧ԼŮһۣ˵ţϨϨ𣬻塣
ϴҧҧ´ߵﶨߣùãҪȢС㣿
ϵʥּ£Īǻм١
һܣۿ˲䷺죬ɡֶŮ
ﶨŤͷ˵˵Ϊ̫ӲȢֶŮ
ûϳ谮һֱŻλ׼СǰڱߵԵףҪ硣
°ﶨߵ˶ľǰ¸󣬡û˻Լ
ɡ
ﶨתϣ¿еĻһҭס
֪ˣиˡ˵꣬¸ӿ첽߳޹
ȥıӰҡҡͷߵﶨԣСġ
ﶨ΢΢̧ۣʱսĸ׸ļޣ㽫½ǣһֱߣʲôһ½ӵߣһڿǳԿ࣬ʱȷʵ뽫ɶϱ𽥵ģ¹Ķ¶ѸģҲעܳΪ̫ӵ
̫֮λǻʺ֮λôġ
檵ĿΪˣӣ⵱޵ģҪ̣Ҫܿ
̲ˣҲ
Ҳ쵽ʻ䣬ţҪΪѡ÷ҡ
һ㶣Ӧǣ
õһ룬㱾ӳȥ
ðһڴӦ
뿪żֻʣϺԳϣϲ֪ĿʼڣպҪô졣
֮£ûʲô룿
ϲ쿴ѵҲ֪ʲô
оա
Գ̧ۿûġ
лȡ
ԳЦһͿװͿ
һ㶣Ҳ֪֮ıģ
ʵ
㲻ýͣͿװͿ뱾̫޹ء˵꣬ԳؽеĿӷϣͳߡ
һͷˮôˣûԼѻ˵ꡣ
ιȵȡ
ԳϼߣϸϽȥԳͻȻͣת벻ײȥײ
˲䣬࣬һܸͨܵԼٶȣƺҪԳϵϡ
Գһ漴ָɫûУ
һüͷһ壬಻ԡ
ôô͵ˡ
ƿǸҡ
ôȲͶͱ
ϵɴۣĿࡣ
㶼䣬ĶͷһʹԳͷ䵯һ£̧סԳһ˿޵Ц֪ԼϷˣˡ
㲻ˣʵҲ˵㳶һ䡣
ˡ
𣿡
Գﴽǻ


˵꣬Գҡҡͷתȥ
⻰ת̫죬ͷԣȫû˵ʲôһԼˣ˼̫ү˭Һƽϣֻøȥ
߳ݣԳͻȻϲϷ
ҡͷǡͻȻʲô˵ţԼǽտϷû
ԳĿɨϣգʲôʱԼģ
ɣ
Բܡ
˵ʲô
Ӧû֪磬һȺŮֱ𷣣²ˣԼ㿴Ϸ
𷣣ϲأżѾ˲
ʮ壬˵أ
һץסԳϸ첲ܴܲҽ
ûйд٣ǲġſڵȻʶûͨҲȥ
Գϴϸϣ߰ɣ
ϸϵֹӹſڵ޹ſһƬ
ȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽ´˴˸档޵ֻŮźţźҲڣӦҲǱˡ
ŮǼ
ϼſڴϣ۾üͷǽģ֪ϵǶۡùôص֡
δһһۣˡ
ôã
һЦ԰׵ɫѿĸѵˡ
ϼЦǷʲôʱ˻Ц̫ҽô˵
ˣϸ¾Ϳ´ʱǺúһǲ֪ǸʱֳûУܲȥǵϲƣ
ȻԵģӻδ
ϴóһƿӣ̫ӵҸĴ˸࣬˵˿ڵЧá
ôͺ߽ˣ٩š
Ϸ֪㱻򡣡
ȻȥϷȷʵǼɫ塣
ǳǳһЦˣ㿴͡
ȷʵͿϷ
ҲŲҪѿˡÿ길ʶЩǽֱ˯
˵ţ̲סЦǱ˴˱˴ˡ
ϰѴ˸ཻһźĹŮǵÿθϡ
ǡ
ڰ޵ڴ˴Լһʱ뵽ԳϻڵԼ˼ҺĴԼ˼ٵԼôã԰˵Ȼȥ
ֹһ·СܣǰŻŲ
Ҫ߽ʱע⵽Ů¡ǵãһڻʺȥ󣬻ʺｫиԳϣԳչ飬㲻̫
ӷλ˵»ӦʰŶԡ˼ұϾǻʺߵˣʰҲ
ҲжĽʺͦõġ
ȴԸΥµסȥ·Ŀӣӡ
նСѾǰԼɻʼҵˣȥ磬Ŀˡ
ϣǳǳ֪¹Ǻ⣿
⹬н˶Ҫ¹ʰ㾹ӡһԵĹŮֺ˵
ϵЦԭˡûǴĻ۷λҲǸ¹ʰŶԡ
ҹù˵ʺĹùòһ檣ұȡ
ϸ˵µȥĸͳ졣
㡤ᣬȻ֪űĸֻһͳ죬ϵĸǻ׷ĺүһƷԱ
¹û飬뿪ͣ˼룬ˣ뿪
ɫҧתŭȥķȭͷ߬һһڽ£ȵķ顣


11

һ·첽ȥ԰ﲻԳϣˡŲȥ̸ע⵽ֻԷ΢΢ȻһЦƤ͵Цݣ϶Ϊһٺá
ȵˡ
Գ΢΢Ŀ䵽ϣ߽
Ϲȥ΢΢ϼ
񡣡
վֱӣǰλ֣ǣǺԺ̽ѧʿ˵游׽ڣͻ̽һʱرֵ⣬ϲȡĴʩɹҲ˱빬Уõҡ
ûǴĻ֣ܲʮ꣬빬СģҲʮͷ
ղԳ̸ЦӦʶ
һ˵⹬еĻǼɻ˽½Ӵģ仹¡Գϵ˽Ҳ׺һģֻ˵ԳϺ֣ܵĹϵǳ
ģȻعС
Գͷ΢΢
ͷԳϣ֣Ǻ죿
̸ϡ
Ǹղż֣ĵĳ졣
ˣܲô࣬𣿡
ԳĿ⻹΢΢εϣϼһֱԼԾ̧Լʲô𣿡
Գϻ˵߰ɣ
תǰߣһƣ˵ڿʲô
һ·ߵſˣͻȻӦأ
£ȥˡ
ϵͷŶһ۾һת˵ĻŰɡ
΢΢ֻװͿɰ
֪ΪΣϲװͿӣƩ翴Ϸ֮£ô֪ܲơ
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ϻصУ߽ȥȥüͷ壬𣿷ֿʱö˶˵ģô޵ôס
߽ȥֻһͷĲԶ͹ݣϻһǱһͷĲԶģ֪ҪٹܳɾҪǣԶΣʱСĳͷƤ֪ʹ
̲סЦһסЦ⣬߹ȥʣСһĶŪģ
ôһʣίǸҴȥһ̵ĵطȻͳˡ
ԭã̲סЦһ£סҾͺ˵һӵܣٽӴ
᲻֪˼Գò£תʼ⡣ܸ㶨ģҲδܿ
ԹճŮ͵մŮ̫ǹйеĹ壬ճȢ޷ŵԵĵճŮȢ
Ӣû˵һ߸һװͰ͵˵ҲʧְôܰСһ˶ӣŪһãһ˭𡣡
ƫĵĸס
Ūһᱻģܻᷴѵһ١
СŪһ޹ء鵽ģС
㡤Ӣ˵ʲôͻȻס졣Ϲδ̫ͷΣ˵в⵱ҲҪɫ
ֻ̾һʲô˵ȰСһʰɾ
ûôõģһеҪСͽ˵꣬ת߳ȥ
Ӣ١һѾͷ޷ˡ
û˵Ҫڮٽ㣬ΪҪ̫ӵ¶֧Żᱻ۸Сɼ̫ӵ֮϶вɸ˵ܡ
һߵ˵־òף߻˻ȥ
Ӣ˶٣Ϻ̫֮飬δޣҲΧڣԺ²ᡣ
ǡ
˵ĻҲˣ
ƲƲ죬ίίӦС֪ˡ
ϻصڣá֪ǰϴȥŪôǱ
Գϻظ֪鲻
к£
Ȼ
˵Գǰߡ
ҰռСȥ˽⡣
Գϻͷ
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ҵ֪ͷģԳںȦϣһַֻڷнĶţеȤӡ
˵վһߵңҼȥֻŻŻû뵽ôţֱӴ˲˵ǻ棬ЦЦ߼˵㲻֪ʱӣͷĲԶ͹ݣϻ͡ѽҪǿҲ̲סЦ
ڴɩԿԿ
ϴͨģ
һ㶣ԳϣȻе˼磬ɱᡣɩûҴͨѹ֪
ˣֻŻɵķ
ɡ
ĶĶɣûķݣȥܻϵϡ
磬ɲҰɩȻ
ӡ
УߡҾͲˡ
Գϲûֱ˳ȥ
ԳϳԺȥӭ¡
鴦Գϱʱ߳鷿ȥ
ȫˣռСָʹСȥġ͵ǮõģĿȺңӶ˺С㡣
ԳĿ䣬ҵķԸ𣿡
ţռСһӣ°յ·ԸıҺʵʱȥнǶӵź˻ռС㡣
˶ֱ
ŵġ
ƽ
һΧһԷܼҴ׵үС㡣
ʢȨɣ
üͷһ壬ʱ˭Լ
߽ʱɫٱ䡣ŵҲ΢΢һ㶣ôˡ
С㣬
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һŷӦԼ̫ѹѹҲ˵ǼҲ׷߰ɣ
С͵Ļ˵һ£Щ˵в˵ģҪ˵Ļȫ˵
С㣬СİµӣûɹСİӻ㡣
С͵ݹӣʱɫɷס
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ָһ𣬽ŵĲУϽ˵ǣ
˵ʢȨšС͵˶˵
Ŀǳǳڷ飬Ϊ⡰С͵ӡ
С͵£غүĻССļٰС͵͵ǮϷݵ϶ֽţŻ֮ʰѶС¥ȥ
ţžܽ͵ʱΪܷԼ
㡤˵תλˣţ˵ģô˺㡣
ǰСô˺ϡӢҲŴǻ
ϵһЦ˵˺Լĸ׿϶š
үС˵ľʵСѶú
㡤ҧָŵϹŵˡ
С͵еӷϣǵʱССİµӣûɣֻܷ
һţ˭㻹ġһ洽
ʱʢȨһŭİ𣬡ˣҹ¡

12

ҧᣬŵһ¡
㷼״ĵżߵǰĳСϽ˵Щġ㲻顣
ŵһ˫ˮĴ۾㷼˿Ķ
ңô˺顣ָšС͵
ǰҲ㡣㷼תүС顣
ʢȨߣɸֵĵ˵ţ
㷼ˣǣСܻ飬ϣ˵鵽ģ
һȿϷԼ֡Ŀǳǳһ¹ڵϵˣûӦǲҿ
˵ȷʵʵǲСָʹЩҪֱ档
ϼ򵥵һ仰ɹ˦ʢȨ㷼ϡ
ʱжϵĺ
Ҳűƽ޹ʻԩ㣬ǼŲң飬˰
ˣ֪ԼˣǲƲɾպԼңĲҡô˺顣
Ʊ硣ʢȨİ
ΪҪΪ̫Ϊ˵һ仰϶˺㣬ΪʲôҡίʱĿ⿴ϡ
ϱǰĽѵֲ֪ΪǮѵˣҲͲƽϣû뵽ھȻҧԼһڣҲûбҪ
ʢȨһʱסлأ˵ҺͽСһ𳤴һֱԲܺ
ߵ͡С͵ǰʣȻС˵˵˵ΪʲôҪô˭ġ
СûС㣬Ҳƭү¾ССġ
ѡǽ˭ôôңǲǽҵģ
⻰һ˾㵡
ϸǿЦãԼĺãΪƲϵֱˮ
С͵̧ۿϣЩҡڲ
û˵£ҽ̫һҵֻҪúýΪ㡣
һĻҪҪʹʲôȻ˵ߵڰס
С͵ͷŸղźү˵άȨ֮£ìͷתϣԣǶСָʹҵġ
ʢȨ㵿ϣӢǿʼ˵̣ϣ̫ʧˣã㾹Ȼݺ
ϴݲȵĿšС͵С͵ͷ˵ָʹ㣬ָʹġ
ҡҡ
˵ɣϲ꣬˵Ұ˵һֱ͵ǮΪ㣬һӣӦûŵǮǰ㣬ˬɽףû뵽״ץס˭ӵģӦԼ
С͵˵ƿԡ
״ָϣѪˣԼϡ
СеߣԼԼɣ
ͳɤ⴫ȥԳ룬ڵ񣬡ݼ̫ӵ¡
񡣡
Գϣô
үСеߣ̫ӻ֪һ
ʢȨɫҲסǣϳúô
ôԳϼʢȨ˵漴˵˵˭ָʹģԳƮƮĻšС͵
С͵̲ס£˵ţǡС㣬С㡣
̫ӿ˵ǶС㡣
С͵ϣ̧ͷСһʱͿС㡣
ŭšС͵
ʢȨ̾һŲң߶ŵ̫ӵ¡
Գϴǹ𣬡ȻףүС㹫ˣ÷ͷ
ǡ漴ʢȨˣС˼ֱ򡣡
үͷδ̫ᡣ
ʢȨһ£µ˼ǡ
ймҹ档
⻰һʢȨȻףƬûСȥҹ洦ãˣʮ
һţ֪ˣԭСͿ
ʢȨЩεĻӻ֡˵С㣬ˡ
㷼鵫ԳڻҲҿڡ
һͰæ£δϣµ衣
أֻ·˵ţԳϿϣǶС㲻⣬ҵſڡ
ȻԸ⣬Īĸ䡣һǰһӣһֱԳôôɡ
Ϊ㲻Сˡ
϶һ̧ͷöԳĺġ
Ƭ̣漴Ц¶ˣõʧνǽƨҪġ
峿¶Ҷ̳ѿһҹ֮䣬Ժ
ϸߵԺ׼ȥøȥĸ㡣˼ææС㣬Ƹˡ
֪ˡ
Գϵĳ׵ڶˣʮ塣
ϲһֵǷҪ顣úС㣬Ƹ񲻹ƥ񲼣䲻ֵǮ
ʱٿڴةฮ۸ˣһֻ޸飬Щϡ䱦ڻپ޴
δߵǰԺ鱦䣬ʮƥƽ䣬䡤
߹ȥͬԼĸվһ̧ȥһŷŵĺľֱſڣ滹ϵúĴ컨մϲ
վԵĸĸϹЦݣһΥĸֻԸܰȶȹ
ܹܱƸʰС㣬Щǻʺ׼Ƹ񡣻һ·Ƶϲūһ͵С㷿С
лܹܴˡ
վŵ˽ЩУȭͷвʡ
ҿһһƸ۷ǵңƸ̫ˡ
ǳǳһЦе鼮ƸԽױܺ
Ǽϲһһ߶ϵȹգʺСġ
΢΢һ㶣µĵ꣬ʺҲ򵥣һʺӴ࣬˽Ϊˡ
ԴƸ֮ûţһֱڼѧϰ̡Ҳûǽǳ˺
ֱզզ۵˵ˣˡ
üǲ⣬ʲôˣ
һֳֻϣͣŻүˡ
棿ϲ⣬һӴվ
ģǰݡ
æе˳ȥһ㣬ֳδһ·Сܵǰݣڸ׵ַ˱ʱӢȡ
Ϻۿ硣
Ϊδ˼һƽ췴ԶڱߵĸҲǣ͵
áվԼδãͤͤĴϾҪˡ
˶ϣֻĴ纰á
Ͽ߼һѱסۿģôͻȻˣ
ϲư
̫Ӵ֮£һʹ˿ǡﶨۣҲʦһֱڵӶԼֶϲơ
ǰӪ²뿪ǣﶨֻŮǰ
һΪ㲻
ôϲôܴ
ϺۿǼ⡣һ飬ûΪһҲһ
ôûС
һ١㷼ڣٲжԹζ
һЦô˻򣬵ȻҪúýѵѵ
磬ʻûȾҪѵҡ⴫䱻ʮ壬еᣬȻҲõÿ졣
񿴵Ȥţ÷һܷ
һףҿܶ
㷼޼˵
þûôˣǻЦ
Ҳĵһ죬ĸֳţһ˻һ


13

ǹ
ﶨ֣߽˭ˣ
֮ﶨдһʣ̧ͷ㿴ԼδĴֶŮĺۿеıʣ񡣡
΢΢ʺ
ﶨ񣬡޺£ϸϸԼĴֶŮƵƵͷһ˵ü֮мֹ࣬ˣɴˡ
һ𣿡
ǵģӪͻ飬ʹ޷Һմһġ
ﶨͷֳۿģˣ࣬Ⱦǡ
࣬һжǸ׸ġ
涮¡ﶨתȥº˵ˡ
õģ
ԼѾߴȡݸﶨ飬ǵġ
šﶨ£Ҳ𺰱ùþУ¿ǴӲ
²һӳﶨżΣǵΣԱȽ衣ﶨߣҲûô֣ɻ䡣
߽޵˽Ų̸
ϸС˵ʲôֻʺЦ֮˵ϿɣҲϿɣϼ׵ĺ£׼ˡ
üͷһ壬̫˻е˼첽߽ȥϼһĨЦݣ㡣
ʱСҲֻŮһֱ󣬺㡣
¡վ߹ȥµ֣´һδۣ¿ԽԽƯ⾩һŮ
һãƫƫԺ𼴽Ϊɩˣз߷߲ƽƵŮδɩ֪ǲǵŮ
¡ﶨ鿪ڣ˵ȥʱҪסڹУǽöδͺһסƽû¾ʹȥתת
ס
˳˷ǹϲЩڹе񿴵óúܺãѰﵱļң֮һ
һ·ӷǹ·Ĺ˶ͬкҲܿ⹬һĵλϸǵĹùǻʺЩ˿ڹùõķҲ±ϹϾ
㣬Ҫͬһ빬Ҳô¶
ֻЦЦùȥǽ£ҲСǵ䲻義ǣ뿪Լĸĸֳ²ͬսļޣڿҲûŹùǸõѡ
ҿ⹬йҲͦõģùú㡣
һжﶨ鲻ǹùԼҲñȢƽҵС㡣
ҵΪùöҺãֻǰӹȥһЩˡ
ôô롣ùõ֪սҪ½빬УֻʱδļޣӦֱļޣɿڴӦùǵһʱ빬ҲΪ¹¶ùòѯǷԸһͬǡ
ùΪô࣬û뵽ȴΪһжǹùӡ
ҡͷѾʶСá˵ĶԣѬµľǻòʧǣǰ£ƺѱĵٶʧ˴ģѲаСá
㵱Ϊùý빬Ҹĸ׸ļίЦһ۵ĲмΪﶨĺöӦֻҸס
ʺ֮λȵΪңԼսĸסʱ޸̫ӵĻϣȵŵҾټҽǰӣΪ游ĸܾΪ֪ձȨһùùõ̫ǻʺ֮λȡľá游ĸΪǣҴɽ֣ҵĸҲԽ˵Խ뵽ԳҪ׶ﶨ飬ǰеԹעﶨϡ
¡Ǻǳ⣬ôùãӾҵΣùòǻʺ󣬴٣һҪ󡣽֪ɥʧȥԼļңлԹЩǿԿƵģսϵ飬Щ˭Ըⷢģ¹ùøǲԸսʵ
ֻдŻ룬ҡұΪʲôΪ˱סʺ֮λ
ᣬ޲һϣŬѹһǻŭ𣬲ͻȱϲؿǡٴ¿˴治Ļùòֵ
⻰Զ˵Ҫùù֪
ǹù֪֪ຮġ
˺ܳ·Ҳû˵һ仰侲ʶԼ˵˴ĻЩӵԹ¶Ҳ֪ҲὫЩˡ
ģù˵ϲ˭޸ǻδȵǣû˵Լϲˡ
ùþնԼе룬Գϵӡ̫δĻʺ
һжǰݹù͡
µĻʮһɳҲںš
¿˵ˣ´һȷʵǸǵˣһۿȥͤͤǸľҹ࿴ۺᷢŲ۵Ĺâɢ뺭ϻһ;
ѹֹùûôСѡ
ɣǰڡ
ǵġ
ᵽ㡣
һ㶣ָԼңôܣ
ʱļУἰ㡣Ҳ֪ǰδԼĴɩʱ㣬ʱѾиˣٹþǵĺϢ
𣿡һЦ
ġ漴˵ţµУѾ˸ɨ᷿ͬһԺӣҴȥ
лл
ϴҲͬʱһ¸·ԴպҲǲŵһμ
ã
Сｫ֮Ů񡣡
˿һЦϣװû㣬Ȼ㡣
ţȴȥ䡣
á
ãǸյԺӾͼЦ磬㿴˭ˣ
񿴵񲻺˼ĺ˵ദ꣬ǵ·ȷϵģͻȻϵתǲ˼
ôûڹʺ
Ҳģڿʶʺ⣬Ҳʶˡ
ѵ㲻ӭң
һ仰סˣɵ㶵ǵԴȻӭ
Ͽ磬ֻ赶Ūˣϲɵ
磬񽻸ˣС¡
ţȥɡ
뿪ԺӲûȥǳ˸
ת۵˳ǰһ죬µϲ֣Ĵ컨ϵĵҲȫ¡
ԺǿúϻҲϲ֣˵꣬Ҳմմϲ
ʺ֪סں˴ס̫Ӹȥӭ׶ӭסʺ񲻵òӡ⼸գϴһƬѩżڡ
ȥԱߵķ俴һϲɫϲһ࣬źˣϲֹᴩС
תۼ䣬Ҫ޵ӡ
һߣָ£̫ӸһϲҲϲ֡
Գϲӣ̾һ磬飬ٲϲ˼ռС㣬ҲӰ
дŵ̧ͷһۡ
ȥⶼʲôʱˣ㻹йдΪģ֪ĻΪҪס
ϻôôࡣ
㼱
𣿡
治ϲϡ
Գ̧ɨȥиҪסȥӴһ¡
ã浱㸮еˡ
ͦġԳһˣұ˱Ƚ
˵ıӸƵġ
ҿࡣ
ҪˣӲƽϡ˵꣬תȥĵֺ뿴óɶ


14

ӺԺһŮӴ˻̸ʲô
ӵ¡
´ǰŮһӦþԳϵıãòڵʮͿ߸ݵģ˵Ů߶ܳڣͬھǵĽСһˡ
Ǳðɣ
ǡӦ֪ǰ˭
õܡ
һ£·Ѿпܻ˶һ飬Ҳ˽Щ֮Ĺϵݡ
ӵ¡ӡ
ؿ漴Թܼ˵ȥѱС᷿ʰ
ǡҾ
֮Σһ⣬˵һ˴ӿ
ǣҺմһġ
մ磬һۣĪ˵꣬ƽ˵ìܣһ֮ȥҪﶨΪͽ̣Ҳʮӣһ˴ӾȥߵĳС
սǴԳϣԳʰ̫ӵ¡
ؿ漴ʣû۸㣿
磬˵ģıþҵģô۸
λȤģԼһн˵δʵۣһһжδܲɷ֣ܴ⣬Ҳ˱ԣʱʱ̱̿Ÿ߶Ⱦ衣
ã˵˵û۸㣿
һЦһתŵ
ţ㵹˵ѽ
Ҳ֪㲻㣿
Ѿͷ죬˭ܴ֡
ѽܺãû۸ҡڿǣӾԶŮȻܽϣӲǽԼԣԲã֪Ĺ
ڿǣǿҹĽĶ󣬲ǹСûҲᣬһ
տܻæҹ˼㣬ʲô
֪硣
ҹԲһԲ߹ҹգâϿա
͸ŴɫЦС㣬㿴Բ϶Ǹ
ע⵽һȻһͬǵһǰһһҹڶϲͣסϵһ̲̲ˮ
æˣȥϢ
ϣ꣬ū澾ȥϢ
ϿڿıңһһڿҿԼ߷̣һҪúõĻȥȵԺѰһźõķҡ
æ꣬ƳӣŸϴϣ߸˵ĳԼס˷ȥ
߳ԺӣڰĳžԺӣϴҶϢ磬һ졣͵͵Ǳ˹ϲķ䣬ֹϡ
ժºñ¶ԴߵϲǰŴɫϲپۣһԭƫƫȥˡ
ΪΣΪΣ
ͬǺС㣬ƾʲôҪһȡֻΪǵճŮǵմŮ
ְⳡ¸ٵӭ׶νʺʹ͵ϲǴóذףֱĿƺǰϲϣ޲ýǧС
һذ׳ϲȥ
ͻȻһء
ŵɫ԰ף˺ʱСĵذ׵ϡ
ڷϸ£ɾһ֮ûˣΪԼ̫ųֻ
㡤㡤ŴŹߵˣʧĻ˵
Źߵֳǰ˹ȥŵڵϷִ󺰣
³׾ԺˣǸڷææܹȥŽɫͿˡ
üͷһ壬
̧ͷſվˣŴУ㣬ңй
Ͽ˿ӣûпˣȴϵذף˲Ȼ
ҲѸô£Сʲô
û˵ĽȵƵ˾ţһֱй
йһȦҲûһӰӣע⵽Լϵذס
˽ʱ˵Ļ֮ǰǳˣڿǰһĻòš

磬й¡
뾪ͼС
һֹͣеĶڷӺȷʵŵ
ãҰСͻȥ㴦һ¡
ϵͷҲִ󣬹ӣҲƻߺϼϵذףذ׿ϲʱվҪ顣
Ϊλ˵Ĺ
ߵϲ棬ʲôûСղŴҲҹҲûˡӲĹװġ
˼ȥ벻˭ϵƻǰٰŻֳɹŻ֮ü̵ʱ뿪ӣһԺϤҶӺԺҲϤ
ϻͷӳſȥѩķ䣬ѾϨơ

𴲴ϴõˮϹ뷿ȴѾʵһδ˯ȥҪ߸ĸ
ʵδҪ˵ϾԺҲͬһദ
ߺһܾʲôҪһȦһҲҲϾĺһĽȻͬ
Ψһͬģ˻ǶˣѸġ
Ͻҹ˵һ£Ҵ󾪣ңҪǱˣСôޣ
ˡ
Ϊʲô㶼ܺߣΪλҪС
ҡҡͷҲûв͸ǽֻǽҴ飬Щɨˡ
ΪһǴӦڲ˵ǽϲŪһùպɾͲ˵ЩɶҪúʱġ
ǾͺãС㲻ԼԿ
ûһѩҲСյѩúôһһǳɫȹŴФ٣һһ״黨һ磬ȷʵǸˡ
ϿѩƯ
ǽ㡣
ݸһЦ˵ѩǲʱȴѩҲ˵ѩմʱʱ
飬űҵˮȥʲô⣿
ѩ˯ѩһ˯
ϵͷ˯á
ѩʲô֪֪϶˵
һҴŰϴȤһΪ㲻ˣԴӰܷҲûԼҲæѧϰֲ̣
˵飬ҿ϶˵Է磬Ҳҡ
ǳǳһЦ
ӭʱʱʱʱھͼˣռҵⶼһЩĸ׽õķ˺С㣬뷨ӵԳΪ׼š
ȴٳδԸҲ
ܽԺӣţˣŹغá
һϽùͷϸϣڵСǰŶϣҲȥţ˵ǲԳϾຣ֪Լķˡ
֣ԳϵùǺ                        
лҪ˵Ԥġǰӭרղ^_^
꣬˳ǻΪļͻûȴݽᵳӪ˽һ籡
һ̣ĺȫΪ˵õԼֵ֧֣ϻλ
ҲᰮȻ
ߵܻӰ
㣬¡
һУΪţ
սģΪʵ׽Ǿ̽̽ڷ磬磬Ҫʲô
ޱȣȢ㣬ҵ
ͻûһתȢٱŪһΡ
ȻΥٴηּͻûΪסԴСнβˡ
һΥʥּܾ檣ΪŰ
ǳһС
С
ͻûãϵ
ؿɼ¿ɱԼͻûþ޶ģжģʬ
ͻûã˹ˣţŹ֣

15

һĵԼһѣԼġԳӭȢԼ޹ϸ
ԽԽӦǽ˸š
Щ棬ƿͷǡɴӴ򿪵ĴԳǰһĺ컨һȺ˽лȣĶӣҲı磬һꡣĿԳϣӣ̲סЦ
˿ˡˣϽš
ϰѸͷšһƽʱĮᾢûС
˿ڣ֣Ȣ߱㡣
Գüͷһ壬Ȣͷһû飬һʱ仹סˣӲ˵Ҫ
⻰پ
ȻҪĳ⿩
ʲô⣿
üͷһ׼õŵݹȥ˵ǩֻѺҾͿšŵŷݳȥ
Գס壬ʹϣϴСУ檡һ湻ݵģ檡
⿪˭檣δ̫Ե
ЩҲ๫Թʱ
Գ϶˵ñ
ɴ۾磬ǰ
ͷµ֪˵ʲôĺܡ
ɲô࣬ǩֻѺҾͲš
˵ģ㶼Ǹ˾ô񶾣Ժ֪¡Գϴ򱧲ƽҲ֪˵Ҳ
ٷϻֲҪס
˳ĹѾǩֻѺۺôŷȥһĵݸպãȻ㡣
ǣ
飬ڿԿ˰ɣ¾ģҪʱԲҺͰʶŮԼᱻĥ
ȵȡ˰ϲ
漴ЦŶ˵˿š
ͷµ˲͸ˡԳһüͷѾͷ´οզʰ
һںһˣš
һ룬ű򿪡
վ󣬽˳ǰһƣĲ˳ǰײůĻ漴һȺŮؼҡؼҡ
ϵָԳϵǰܸܵϵϢͼٵҲһĽţһĿҪվֱ֪˭ָ󣬽ģֲ
ԳϵͷŻеˣǱһĨ׽Цݡ
лҪ˵


16

˱˫˼һ𣬲ͣ˸ߺǴڡ
ʱϲż˱һ𣬴˲ˣ̫ӵĪżϾͰӭظˣһʱ˵߰˷ֿһǣһͷ
ͷµϲĻЦͣҲ֪ԳϵɫΣѾˡ
ղһǰá
վڽ˿ŻϲϲԺӵˣ۵һƬʡ
ӭ׶һֱûֱֹͣǴӺԺǰԺݱĸ
ϹʢȨǰһԵѾߵϲˮȲ衣˵ʱ̲סۿ
һδúТĸҪޣպһúػǺúǰ·
áʢȨʡ
ֹ㷼ǰȲ衣
š㷼ҲᣬҹҲһҹδ˯Ͼֱ⡣
ϲʱģ͸ϱϻΣ̲סƿͷ΢΢һȥֻĸվڸǰ˶ۿֳҲһĿ͡
ŷͷ¡
ϲ쳹ֵܼ˹ۿˣǵ˶֪պС㣬Ҽ޸ǵ̫ӡ
ƺƵӭ׶һ·붫˵ԳѾʺҪڶ񣬶ϺͻʺҲڶǰأ֮ٻص̫Ӹ
̫Ӹڣϱϲ붴ֻԳһӦԳѽЩ齻ԸԸЩ˿һ
鷿ڣѾվſڣϴӸдѾźһԡϸŸͷڴرϣ֪ϯʲôʱܽ˺üСʱˡ
ڼʱ
ضС㣬ʱ
üͷ΢壬Ǳҵģǡ
ضС㣬ū-꣬ǺѾߣ˰ū̫Ӹź
ꡪ
΢΢һ㶣¶Ҫˡһ޵ةฮĴԼߵˡϵԷȥź
ԭΪԶةฮܲȥ飬úڵƫƫе˾Ͳ
ԭˡ
Ժ͸Ŵˮ飬㲻ùܡ
ǣС㡣
ס̫ӵĵޡ
һ£ǵöСڸдӲΪ˵ģڲŵ̫ʲôˣǣ̫
ʱĹôֻ࣬Ѿʱϯûɢȥ
Ӧò̫ܡ

17

ҴɫżеˣߵϸǰС˵š
ʱɫɷףһӽͷƿͬͷϴķҲժһǳɵĳܡϲŴԼ˸ͷܣϽסʹðȥôԼƸͷⲻҪȡ
ÿŭ
ϲűŵԭɵסϲ˫ϲѳܡ
ӺԺܵǰԺѾɢȥһȦҲûҵԳˣͣһôʱ顣
׼ط֪֮ͨԼġתһ˲ǡÿӰ
ͷɩ
ܹȥɫԳĶ
ıҼ״ӣūûסС㡣֮Ի֪·鷿ǡÿԳϱŵվһߣɴ˫ۿŻԵˡ
һۣ֮⣬¡
ģû󰭡
ôܣϲţУôм
ϵӦĵ磬˵Ҵȥ鲻š
ţס
һԺȥ;һСһԺӲŵԳסĵط
ȥʱһȾѪˮҲûʰҴ߹϶ء
ȥиٸԳƣѾ-һߵ档
λ
ϳӣҲ֪λʲôˣǰһ֣ӡ̡
ûֻǡšһ
Ӵϵˣɫ԰׾ҲںڣôֻǼмô򵥣ղŶ˳ȥѪˮҲǴڡ
Īж
ʰҩ˵ǵȡҩҩÿҩǰǧŲ
ãס漴˵տһ磬
š
ߺһ࣬Գһɫ԰һ㡣һ٣˶֪һҽֻǺܾտʱĸ⣬ֻѧһƤë
ңϢ΢ƺûˡղעһ¼ͷ˵ӦòҲûҪ
ˡ
ͻȻһϽջ֡±ץסεվ
ŴϾŵˣȾļ
𾪣ѹֻ
һ۴ϵˣĵһܣòػһΪӿʼ޵˾Ȼ»֮ҹж
лҪ˵Գϣģûҹعѵġ
ϣ˭Ҫ㶴ҹһعˡ

18

ɫһƣŻģڣˣһӡ
С
˳Ļ̾Ҳûӣ̫һҲֻźһӡ϶Լҵġ
ɫ԰ףʮִԳϣ뵱սϵ磬жҲһ֮ˡ
ĸڣзڵ඾ĸ졣
ϧĸҽûѧ˷ܿһҩжΪ
ĪҪ⴫
סȻ֪Գ˶ӰжǹЩˣǳ˲¹ͷģ֪Գж֪Ҫʲôҡ
̫֮λۺ죬Ĺù
ȻطøеģҲܱ֤⸮µ˶Ĺġ
̤ң׵ةฮֻС׼װˣܴԳжҲ֪
ܸôж𣿡
һ·ϣӭҲǺö˶˵ģôͻȻж
һ࣬ϥǣ˵ҲңԷתԴ򿪣Һ綼ΪʲôҪż鷿û뵽򿪺ӣ氵ذûҺκ˼ء
ˣĿɨһԵļͷϣѹֻһ֧̼
ķʽһֱСĽԳϣ˾衣
˭ڴϲ֣֮
֪˭𣿡
ġ
ϵͷҲය鷳ȰԼչˣҪǽ߹ȥ
ط·ҲɽԳм⴫
ſڣϲɫੲ߶ⲽһתͷע⵽ϣ߹ﰡˣݡͳߣ ȻѸͷϣǧҪ֪ԽҸͷ⴫ȥ
ЦЦקסϲţûµģ-Ҳ꣬͡ϲš
⡤
֪ϲǻʺŵģԳ϶ҹȥšϧǲжҹġ
Ҫҳеҳе
⻰ϲŲ΢΢ͷ
꣬͵ſڡ
ǡ
ǳȥһ÷еѾȥںԲϣ˴Լļϲ֪һϲ֪жأ˫ĲС
Ҽ״裬ȿڲ裬ϲ£һˡ
ѧĹ죬һڣǺС㣬ϰߡ
綼Ҫϰߵģϰߺá
⵹ҲǣԺܶ鶼ɼ˵Ҳǿȥǰױ̫ƽˡ
Ժϵġ
һĵ׺ܿģæ±ұؾĽ
϶Ƿĵģⴺ꣬ǸӺѾߣҪڴߴȥȥ飬⸮Ҫ۸ʱòѡ
ΪŸߣһԸ
̫ˡ


19

ةฮ
ү㡣žˣƫƫҡҡλΡ
үС̨ס
ۣԼүʮ꣬δүȵ˵һĻʵ㲻
ô£ݳ˿ȵˣŭһ
ءүūҲ֪ΡΡ˵
ȥͰˮƽɽһԵ˵
ǡ
ǣͣĺүȵ̫Ѳˣﻹͣþþ
ƽɽجӣ޲üҷźΪһŮ˰Լһȥ鷿俴ֽд϶֣֪˼
үˮˡ
ȥ
һԭءҶҲ˵
û˵𣿡
ǡͷ߹ȥүˡ
һͰˮȥⴺҹĴ̹ǣӼ£Ѳ٣վ̨ϵˣĨһϵˮ
֪ƽɽǳ⣬ҿģ͸ӳȥ
Цһд⡣
ȥҿŰۡ
ǣ
ݺϽˮ裬ͣˮѾûļ򣬡ȥɣ
ǣ⡣
۾යȥ
ߺۣԺиֽմĳ棬ƺƵӭ׶飬ƾʷǰӭ׶顣
ȺУԳϼǰͷмǻΣҲӡ
ûԼӣҹǵĶҹһǵĶҹƻ
ΪѹȢֻĻأѾ˼޸ԼǸ񶾵ŮˡԲŹȥ⣬·һϵеĴ
ףİôõŮˣһһΪȴġ
뵽ʹԣ֪ʱˮǹӡۣԴûˮУͼķʽȥ

𴲣һ뵽ȻҪ裬ۡԳڻδѣ϶ֻԼһȥʺûԳϿ϶ʱҪλش
Ҹױȴ⻨ǰȫûӵϲá̧ۿ˿еԼɫеñҽͷϵӻսҡҲ̫Ŀѡһƫǳɫȹ
߳סԺӣ׼ȥ
ϵͷô
ʱδѵļԵȻҪһӦԣʺﲻôƭġ
⻰ͷȻ֪
Ȼʺ㣬ôûȥ˵˸ߣʺҪ˵˵£Ϣá
һŪȥ죿
һ򣬡ģʺŵġȸ-ܹصˣɿ϶С
У֪ˡͰչˡ
һ·ǹſڣ֯ԣϣ˵Բһûʺš룬Գ֮¸߻ʺҲ޷Լ˵Ӧ»ʺġ
׼빬ţ²֪ðס·վס
۵ĵ⣬ϡϲƽϣһԹŲסӣӦ»ͱ˵Ҳһ˾ͿԽġ
ϲʾ㱻ڼҲóһɩ
µ˲ɫһ룬Цһ㿴ҲһҺɩң֪֮ʰؼȥˡ
ϼӣŻʺɲ£ŹԼš
㡤ʱᣬ־Ҫһơ
ס֡
ͻȻסӦջ֣תͬʱЦӯӯԳȥԳϸ첲ơ
ȫںЩֻЩôѣ
۾ܿɫ԰סɫںڣܳŲ˶ãôԼ
лҪ˵ԳϣȻӡ
΢lucky  

20


֡Գǳ⣬ˣˡ
һôһĵһ𣬲鲻Ը֡
ԳһѽקԼߣסļ硣ϸܵԼѹ̧ͷӦǿ֧ŲסԲסԼļ磬Ҹ֧Լȥ
һĻиۣиǲʡ
Ǳ̫ӵޣһɩԺҿݹҲ֡
²ƾʲôǰӦķƫƫϵģģϽƱ磬ֻǺͣ͡һ£Ը˵ֻ֣ǿЦѣαص档
ЦҲС
ҧгݣһǻŭ
ĵһů⣬ԳάԼǼ٣仰ȷʵЩο
Գߣ߼ϸ֧ܵŲס漴𣬡סҡ
Ϸס治֪ǿʲôҪ
ſڵ˿ȥܵĴۡ
Ҫȥ
ԳϵͷĿײУͷѾðΪлͷء
Ȼ֪ܣɿۣܳס𣿡
ˡ
Ĺġˣ˻ƽϡ
ߵ޹ſڣԳɿ֡һ£뵽ղŵ߶˻ȥ
ǽȥﶨôݳһɫȹ䳤ݾ£ϲͷԳһۣɫȸղڹſʱһ㡣
μĸ󡣡
ԣҲŸϱμĸ󡣡
ɣ
лĸ󡣡
תͷʾҶϲˮʱƲ´дŨŨ⡣ûںô࣬ˮ˫ַϣĸȲ衣
ﶨϹźͰЦݣӹеĲ裬ҿᴵһڣǳһڣϸһĨ֮ɫݵģ
ĸǶϱݵġ
ﶨ⣬ͷݳò裬ãҪպá˵ţһŵˣ㿴㸸ΪѡӶͻݣҪϵģҪæӪ飬˴ʱ⡣
⻰ȻлϲŻͨ˵Գæ񣬵Բʱ
Ȼ⻰϶ϲ뵽ģϲǰԸġ
Գû˵ɫԽԽá
ţ֧Ųס
ʱ¿ڣùã˭֪ǿŤĹϲ𡣡
Ȼ⻰е˼ǷԳҹû
ﶨɫ΢䣬ӣ֮ϵϲ£󡣡еĲ豭ûݸϣظϡ
ʱ¸⣬Ҫ嵽ذϣ±˲֪ǵ˼
ﶨҪæûͣñˣһ߳ţԳһҪϷסԼһִֻʯʨϣԵϡ
𣿡Ͻüͷ
Գһǿӡ
þȫס治֪ǿ
߳ǹڵţǳǰס
ϣϿʹӣǣ̲ס˵ܳʲôԼҪˡ
㱻۸
Գþȫǳ⡣
û˵
ĵǱʲôһ¡һ֪ͻ飬֣ϴͻԳϵͷ̫Ӧá
ԳȻһģʵпȳģů˵ĵס
̫ӸԳûͻȻһѪӿŵΧ˴󺰡
Գϡ
¡
硣
漴Գʧȥ֪ӷлȥ
һֻ§סԳϣĴ󺰣ȥ
˿ûɣϽ
ǰæһ𣬡
ôһһ֪룬ãȻվԭأĵ׷ίܡ˽ԳϷݡ
ҼԼС㱻ĵײʹ죬ֲСõ³ģƾʲôС㡣
ˣ˵ôࡣȥҩˣ
ǡ
ȥϴϱҵĻ
ǡҲǸ¡
̾תʱƳһ͵ˡ
⻼ǵˡ
߻סԺӣڴɨ
ǣ
ںԲϣ´һʱȥҲ׵˵Ҵƽ̫Ӹ֪ʲôԼʲô𣿡
ͷӦū澲֪
ͼסһ仰̫Ӹܴܽͳȥ
һ䣬ͨһأҪūߣū澻úøɻ
ЦԼߵˣشĻܱؾᣬǸˣɣ
л
߳ӣڷɺ£ɲС˵ûкӡ
ҩ϶˹ȥ
ŷ֣Գסĵطи֡Է
߽ȥǰɣ
Ҳûִţеҩ֪˶ԼȻˡ
ߡ
ߵԺӺϡ
ͷߵǰϹϾֺһɩ
ղҲԡ
΢֪УҲ뿴ӡ
ţһȥӲҪȥסղ˵һҪҶ
ס
ϵĶһĶǲúƿܻһӲڡ
üĸ⣬˵иƶǵĶҩǴһЩԺǿĶȡɣԲǿҪɾҲѡ
еʲô
ҡҡͷ˵ʱҲȷҪо
šĿ⿴ӣ˯ķ
߳Էһֱ䣬һδԳжҲ֪ʲô취Գӹһ١
Ҫĸڻܰæ
ǰ΢΢ףүͱСˡ
һҪؿǣġ
첽ȥǰݵȺžͺ硣
á
ǵװ磬ӦΪ˷
Ҫˣ
ԣǸ𡣵أʡ
ΪӦʺһӵĸ壬ʱó¾˸ߡ
𣿡񿪿ڡ
е㣬ȸ-
ȸ-Ǻءǵɹսµˣñ졣
ôأ
ţ˵˽Ƽʱ
ѹҪԼӦԻʺ󣬻˵ʺһš
ֲôһʧɣԳΪԼӲҪȥУǻҲ
ȥԳϣһƴǣҲû֡˴ԼʱҪ·ǰҪŵվ
Ҳûǵſڣһֲ֪
ôô米磬ȥôԶĵط
Ŀ뿪ۿʪ                        
лҪ˵ղأôô

21

Ź̫ӸתһȦϤϤڻȥţųԷȥ
Ų;߳
ϵͷ߹
ߵſڣͣվԭͣפ˺һųȥһԿţվ
ɣָָΣΪϵ飬ǰԵЩн
ţȥϢ
ҲûܾҲûظƻȥҪУٹ
ſڣչԳϡȥһԲڱϣŴһˣĵЩܡ
ö˶˵ˣһҹ֮ȥ˰
ֻһʱĽѣһɲô׾ܱ򵹵ġ
һҩվɣнҪ˹ȥ

Ӧġ
̧ۿٿһ۴ҩˣ֪ǰҪ̫ӸͲϾֶŮڿԼǶǵģóԵĵģҪȥȻ鷳ٰ»ҩ
һ£·ɨ¶һڼĵط΢΢ǰһ뻹˵󻰣ȻþֻܾӦ
Űɣ
л
ϵͷԳιҩιҩҪԳϻϷҩվԭһҧҧƿӡ
˵û¶ϰԳϾ׳Щ˼ϾŮܲס
Գ˿ڴǵɴժѲҩɾԳ˵ĵطһ˿ڲȴõļⶾ͡Ͻ¸ҩɴϣǺñӡ
ĵĬĬܶȹһ١
ǰֻվһҲûעڵİ裬һȦӲһĴһŶԽȥǻǽһڷѺȦΣӼһķСӣĵطһ
һͬм˺ܸߵĲżܣϷ˲鼮ߴһЩӡմɣżһƿвżٻ
ϰŲżܿһżгȡ
ַҳⱾ鼮ǵ׫дģǰдġݵʲô̸֮һЩԵݡ
֪ʵ۵ǻһʱǽǰĶȫգЩ鼮ģΪԳﻹУǴɣ˷ֿҪԴġ
뵽Ͻ鼮ŻԭһĶ
ҹһƬо϶˶ڵ¿飬ţҹˣЩϢ
ͷһ۴ϵˣҲ֪ʲôʱ׼óҹߵġ
ĵ£ūţȥϢ
תͷҡҡˡҲ͵ˣҹ塣̫Ӹ˻͵ģû´λˡҲ˽´౸һоҹԼỻ
ūģ´Ǻãڵ»ûͦŹأС£ū
Ҳǿȥɣ
ūˡ
˶˵Գϱ塢Ѫû뵽ȴͦõġͷ顣ʱڴϵ˶˶ָȴûѡ
ӳݣϿſţʼһֳֻԴϲ֪ñ˯ˡ
Գۣ˫ʣڸ΢΢ͷһ˯ŵˡ
֪ΪΣиӦһ㣬һѣתͷԳϵĺһ˲˲
ܹȥˣ
Ҫˮ
ȥˮ˹ݸԳ˿û붯˼һ˫Щ˼Ȼ˵ԳòҪӡ
ȵȣӡǰҩ룬ðϴɾ͹ó
ԳϿȥӰĵ׵һ˿˿㡣
ӵͬʱһӣҨˮιԳԳϵĿһֱϣһͨͨŬԼרιˮȥעĿ⣬ôҲǻһˣ㶨ûʲô
רιˮԼûôһŴˮιꡣ
ˡԳû뵽ϾȻôõģ˵ҵѾͷƢĺá
أշ룬Գʡ
ȥϢҹ㡣
ô˵
һ㶣Ӧ壬˵㾡Ҫ壬һҪžڵĶδ¶òĶҺӡ
ԳϳЦһϷ𣬡йյġ
֪˭Ҫ㣿
Գͷ᣾þû˵һڳݼ̫࣬˶
ëȻ׼Σķ̫Ӹ浱⻰ԳϿ˵Ǳŵ
ڰѲǰѿء
𣿡
ԳԼһεˣʲôµġ
ޱΪһ壬㲻£Һξ¡
ԳЦһ˲˿ۣɫеѿ
ϼӣ̲סЦ
ЦԳϳ
߹ȥ£ҲķҲЦѵҪޣҪǿˣǾЩ˿ʼЦƫҪЦҪЩ˿Ҳ޲ЦҲЦ
Գû뵽ԼȢһĥ˵С--
Գᡣ
ϲ⣬ԴչȥΪԳҪ˵ʲôĻû뵽ԴһչȥԳ̧ס
ۡ
ĵģ֪ۡ
һѴԳϵ֣Գס˿ֱۣϵģæѯʣǲֳ˿ڣ
ΪԼĵӣԳǵ⡣
ϼ״֪ԼǱƭˣһֻƻĺꡣ
漴Գ̾ϲĿ
˵ǻ˱̫ӵĶҹȾıʲôκأ
Ϻգ
ǵŰˣ뵽Щ
ҲҪȾı˵Ǻñӣ˯ҪιȥҪˡ
˵ƽϣǳһųģʵûġ
̲סЦһһҹҪ֪ô˵Ҫѹ
ĵģϢһԡ
Գȷʵƣգ۵Ĺ˯˹ȥ
һҹ;Сһ
磬˾ˣ·;иС˵ԳϲԵǼġȳԣһζȷʵ
ȻȥϢš
ҲǿţԳϻҪչˣһҲܵ£УҹѹһΡ
̫ˣȻȥҪǼȥ˵һҩ
ţáЩƣһĴ򲻶ʲôͷǶôϹϾʣҪʳҲ˵
صУѾ׼ϴˮţһҹϴţϢһ
Ͽʼʱʲôʣأ
ڳҩ
һ˵첽ȥ
Ҳ֪ʲôˣ첽ȥ㣬ʲôūȥС
ʱȥǿߣ֮Сܡ
ߵ洫ǵʲôҪôŵҩ
Ǵġ

22

һû飬ֱӿæµ˷׷ɵԭأӦû뵽ϻȥһۿڵżҩˡ
˺һӦ׷ͣеĻ밲̫
֪վ밲
߹ȥŴ꿴˺һ˶ҶϵŭƽϢŵ
һ󣬲Ŀϣǡ
Ҫظڶ𣿡
ǣίĽҩ˳ȥ
һת㿴վһСͷӶ֪֮¿϶̫Ӹ²õӡ󣬵Գϵܵв
겻εˣžԼ˵Ƿ껹ҳ
Ҳô࣬˵¾˸Ժҩ𡣡ҲʶԷָһҩʲô⣬Ωʡ
ǣŵӦһ麹
ϲͣת뿪
ҲΪδŭλ𣬣Ͻ˳ȥ׷ȥղΪôū澾ô갾ҩǺãԼֵܱΡ
̫̫Ӹӣ˭ġ
˵Ȼ̫Ӹԭˡ
ǾͶˡ
ҲͱҶͣ˵һԼȥةฮֻԼߴϢ˭ܱ׼һûб˼
һϵе飬ǿ͸ˣһ֧Լڼ޸飬ǶΪ޸Գϡ
ֻϧԳѹ۵ףߣϺͻʺҲῴһմŮ
ѡѡȥ޸ɵĶӣԣֻϧɵĶӾǸ죬ѧӵܡ
ײһ꣬Ҳ֪ʲôԭ˾ͺˡĸ׼޼ҿɹ飬ϧ͸׶ҲҪӻغҲΪεնѩƽ£ȴ꼰
ǹ
ﶨڸԺĻݽˮӹŽƼﶨվڻ̳ǰ߹ȥ˸ӣ˵ղū澼˵һûȥϳˡ
ô£ﶨͣסеĻתһۡ
֪Ҳû˴
ﶨ˳ͬ»밲ʱȷʵЩԾʱҲûעôࡣ
ߵſڵԺ̸סŲ
Ҹʡ
ǣūȥ¡
¼Ҫ߼תǹߡ
ԣʣùôҴҪȥĶ
ȥ¡
µͷ·첽뿪ɫһ䣬ȥķ򣬺ʱùð¶ҪԼˡ
תſȥ߽ȥﶨ黹еĸ̳Ļݽˮһ䣬ùá
ȥĶˣһͲˡﶨʡ
ȥתתҿùóţȥĶˣ
̫δ糯ȥﶨ齽ˮˮת޹ȥ¸Ϸﶨ顣
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»û˵꣬ﶨİŵ»˵
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ʱĵ½ӵߣһúٹ̵ĸ޷
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лùá
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ɣ
лĸ󡣡
ﶨ齫ߵ˶ˣֻʣǶˡ
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ͨһڵϣϣĸˡϱֻ·ͻȻóȻ⴫
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ж
˵⼸֣ﶨǱסһ㣬ʲôҲ˵ԴҲһƬհףжĶӺö˶˵ģôж֪šһšðﶨŻع԰׵ɫͲ٣жô£
鵱´򿪿
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лĸ󡣡ת뿪
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֪ѾµжȻ뵽һʺȥǰи̫ӣס̫ӸһҲˣԳϻͷۣϾһɽݶ
ҲԼͷֻè
صеĵһʱ䣬ȥԷԳѾѣڴϣҲֻһˡ
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ʵ˵
ûѵ⣿
ĸᣬѵˡ˵ͷɲ룬ʺŭû
ԳЦЦûĸ󷢻ʱ
ţҾͲȥԼңûҲܸ㶨
εӣ̾һߣ˭Ҽ̫Ӹͳˡ°ϣø㶨Ŀ϶ܸ㶨
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ԳϵЦ˲䰵ȥǶ²⣿
ô᲻⡣޸Գܱȼ޸ǿݸһЦ֮⣬ʮ⡣
ԳϺһ˵Ĺǿ


23

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漴㡳ȥ
£¹ܼ߽¹ܼ׵үкηԸ
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ʲôİ𣬡˭ģ˵⻰ԼЩЦԼĸİŻ˭
ﰲŵģүģ̫ӾҪҲ鲻ͷϣܡ
ơŭɶһѽֱߵĲ豭ɨڵϣǺôĵӣұű顣
¹ܼŵöͷðȻˣϾϫϫʰ׾ٵ顣
Ҳ֪ЩԼϫ׷ΪԼĸ档
δϫôĻ
ﶼһƬģҲ֪̫ӵȢƽҵǧպ̫ڳ֧࣬ĵλ
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üƫҪ⣬Ҳû취
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š
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ʢȨһİһѩҲã˵עִ硣
˵öԣڳޣԶڱߣоʣãҪ˵ǴȥҲϳմĳƺš䣬עɫĶҪˡ
ᣬ㾹Ȼǳմһǻŭ𲻸ҷ

24

źվڸгӱߣų˯Ҷӣÿ³е˯ïʢһ䰤һ䣬⸮ľۡ
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΢΢ղڷϵĲ
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룬һ˳ķߵģڳôõʱûԼһȫһ
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̫ʼǼɵġ                        
лҪ˵ϲ͵ղأôô

25


ԳѪʵ̫Ӹأǰ˶ǸæµҲġգͳˡ
Ҹպö·ԱԺﴫ
˵̫Ӹǲɷǣһֱö˶˵ģһѪʣǷ˳塣
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㡤û˾ͱ䣬ҿǼˣŻ˵Ļ
Ҫ漱ˣܲôҪſ˳۵һµһһ䣬ҧгݵ                        
лҪ˵Ԥġ°˻ʺ󡷿Եרղء
Ϊһȴһսбй˧²
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ҪȢԼĵйʵۣӵɵʵ۾Ȼ°Ļ쵰
Զ磺ҪȢ㡣
Ǻǣ޹޻쵰
Զ磺

26

Ӣ˵ֲҵϣ˵ţҲ𳳣˵ҺˣʲôҲǣСҲǹ㣬ҪģҲ
ģ¾Щҥ
㣬ͱŪˣҲž˸Ѫⲻжܾӡ
̤⸮Ų֪Ҫ˶򡣡
ҪڣӢһֻۣñҭ˻ȥ
Ҳﳶϻղ˵ģҰѴͻ߲Ҫˡ
⡤ӢЩΪѣϾѾߣҪǲҪҲҽհ
ҴȥӦҪ˵⻰ʱϵɨһۡ
ӢЩΪѣ˼֮ȻˣɣȻҽһǮ㣬߰ɣ
һأҪˡ
Ǹˣȥ浱Ѿ̫ӸͺãЩ˼Ѿߵūʹ˵˿
ˣϴߡ
ӢҡͷΪСѾߣС㲻ҪȻҲ㣬ǮȥѰҡ
סϵ°ڣʲôԵĵطԭ£Ҫϴߣպ󡤡պ󴺾궨ĽΪ¡
棿ϵͷ
ġѾ˲ǱߣҪǱסԼ
ʲôҵģ£ô죿
⻰һ鶼ֱű֣Ҫá
ˣֻķԸ
Ȼ㶼óŵպҪݹҲ
ǣ¶ġʱ˿̴ףֻվȨһԱղҪߣСһ仰Ҳû˵Щĺ
ɣ
ҲҪߣҪ׵˭ӣӲֻͷ
ǣ
뿪ʱſ³ʢȨ棬䡣ϵ֪Գ˵Ѿ֪ˣҲûͣ뿪
ڣһһֱϰµģʱʱϡ
Ҫ쵽̫Ӹ̲סڣ
΢΢ͷȴ˵
Բµū澸Сġ
֪
Ȼԭʲô֪ô
˭˰ɣ
ղСԹۣǽ-ıߣպӲ֪ѣ˵⵱Ѿ߶ҪŻֶҪһԴѾ߶һСŻֻ֪ѹեףģˣһľΪ¡
ϵϣԼǰģֻ̫Ӹ˱ϾԼģЩʹ
˵̫ӸŮˣ͸¶Լ滹б˰ŵˣ²ǻʺˣµġ
ԴԳж̫Ӹµ鶼һ˴е˱ҲϡϴͷʼÿµĿ֧Ⱥ֪ٱͬʳﵽϾͱг۸߳һֹ
ȻЩûоԳϵ֣Ҳûע⿴Щѹ֪Щг۸Һõةฮʼʱѧϰһʱ˱
ֻó߰ɾͲٰæ
ѯЩ˶Ǿ˭֡һһشеľеľ¡
˭ճɹ
֡
ɨһ棬̫Ӹг˲ٺô
˱ƽʱ˭
⡤Щݣµģǡÿ»һΣƽ¼̵㡣
ԭˡ
һۣ˵ţʵǵ̫æ˲ʺ밲Ÿ˹ӧҲ̫Щ飬Ҳûԡ
ã֪պ˱͹ҹܡ
ͷǣ̫ӸŮˣӦù
ߺϼ˲ԽԽͷۣȥ̫ӸҪȺ˰ա
ǰû̫Ӹܣ˾Ҫһһ֡
˲һյƶˣʰ˲Ŵ鷿ȥɫ⸮תһȦԷȥ
ȥϢš
̤ŵϣ⿿ڴرϳԴŻеˣһûִż޸飬˲ôҡͰ൱̫Щۡ
һҲִ˭ȵԼ
ִһ鷴Ǻ£ִ̫ŷͽա
ԳϣһҾ͵ӣ̫
⣬ҹе߸ңɫ͸Բִ󣬲ʵġ
ϲ֪ʱڴر߾˯ˣԳѹ׼Ҫˮע⵽һſŵˣؾİӳԳ΢΢
ǺƣӣԳҲûš
峿ϱԺеѣۣӳıԳ۾ϲһУˣ

ҹüͼȴԼ̫ûҲֻίڵϿ˯һ
ȴԼҪֵȥ
Գϼ״úõĴ˯ƫ˯֪ĻΪŰ㡣
չˣûһлĻ䣬ǣŰֱ죬˲վ
ԳڴϣоΣЩ𣿡
˯˶ã
졣
Ҫˮ
ȥˮ´ԳϣӦǿָˡϴ˵Ѫ󣬾ҪڲĶ³ֻòҪҶЧ
ԳϸպˮԳѣһ찡ˡ
ҪٲѣҶҪסˡһϽȥʻŪ˰ţĵҲš
ȻȥӪߡ
Сֹ廹ûҶ
٩мҾǲһ˵ġ
Ҳһ
֣Ҿˣһúá
ձȥ˾ӪԳԼİţϷĲ£ȥ
һӴӴӴŪһΣ˵ȥ׼ѣ첽롣
ߣ˵磬ûЩɩΪǲģдССҪܣҪӦˣλҪչ㣬۵ùǺ
Ҫ˵
˵ô֪
ԳüĿ
鵽һһԳϣԳüͷ˵Ϊ²ΪΧ
Գδսפھǵʿȫܣ滹һͳ콫
ӪдСС鶼ҪĿҲҽԼж֮¶ԭ֮һеıȨ֪죬ʱʱԼվڶ˲ҪȨ
δйӻձȨսҲǴڼ䣬ؾȨ



27

ԳԳվ棬ȻȻ֣Щ˼ϸɫϸЩϼУԳס
ʱϵһӪһȥͱѵʿĺ𺳵
ʼУĸӪУÿ컹δӪ⽫ʿѵ
Ȼ䣬ۣĸڣǸöá
ֵӾĸ⣬ܹȥô꣬ǲ֪Ϊĸȥꡣ
飬ץסһ±һߣŷӦסѵ
ͷϴʹУʲôô񡣡
̧ԳϣϻЩ԰ף֮Ѿúܶ࣬Цҡͷ
𵽴ܣȥ顣
Ϲɵͷ
Գתܡ
ůůһЦ֪ȥ
ԳӪȥе㵣廹δȬʼͣ᲻ٴء
ϸӪһȦȻע⵽һ˽̸飬üͷ壬תһȥ
Ŀ⿴ȥϵıӰĵĻһ䣬ãʱٹ
ƵԳڵӪſڣһ½½ʺãһһͷӦ
ֲ֪ķ߿־ò̫׵ԣôʲôһûϵ
ϳԼȻһ㣬װûС
ݼ̫
񡣡
棿
ͷڵġ䣬Գϴ
μ¡Ҿ
ˡ漴ԳϿڣѾ˵ˣ
л¡
ӪҪѡһЩʿѲ߶ӡ
̲סһۣȻعС
Գû˵ֻһԴԶԳĿϣ죿
졣
ˡ
һ⻰ʲô˼һûжĽ˵ҪнҲǴ˵Լʵȴǣѹ顣
Ǹ˭Իҳ

ŵȥͽźߵȥ۾ڣ
ˡŵߵż򣬡̫ȷʵмһֱǾ˸̫ȥӪӲ죬Ѿ
񻺻ۣ֣ŵԾ֣ҿǿװܹ˵ۣʱӰѻ𡣡
˼ǡ
⳯У㶦վ̫Ӻϫġ˻ҲСˣǸӵˡ
ŵףһЦ￼ǵǣֻںүǡ
ֳ϶ְ֧˻ӣҪվ˭Ҳܰ
ȥúү˽ɡ
õģ
ԳϴӪлظеʣϢһ嵭ʳ
ǵĻ鷿ϲ֣ź񣬴ϵıҲǴϲɫġԳϿڴϣǳɫȹ˿ӯӯһյС¶ǰҲչ¶ɣԳϺһ
һϻͷ岻𣿡
Գϳ֣ϲ߹ȥǲﲻ
Գû˵һ˫ӥĵ׷Ҳ֪Գϵôˣǲ岻ҲشԼ˼Ѳ¡
еˡԳϱʵ飬־Ƿס
ΪҪ˵ʲôҪĻҷڵ顣
ʺĸΪѡӿ϶ܲٳּҵģλˣҲͱ뵣𡣡Գ˵һһۣĵȴЩʹ죬ԼԼܡ
⻰ϲˣ˵ҲʵԻϺͻʺԼԳ˵ǺʵѡǺʡ
һ밲ȹӡסƽδģһŲ뿼ǡ
ϳһЦȻ
Գ˲ɫȥ֪ĵ׵ڲʹʲô
ĻʹɫƬϵĻҳϴˢɾʯҲϴһߣĥݵʯϻˮ
ϴűȥǹʺ밲һ̤빬ſڣԺڴɨ޽̳Ĺ˷׷ͣеĻ밲
ū̫ʰ
ū澼̫
ɣ
л̫
һ·ǰӦ洫ȥ쵽ſʱū澼̫
ùòؿ
棬롣·
ﶨŲɫ£ͷڣ޹ƷŲ衣ﶨÿ峿Ʒϰߣ֪ϰߣϴλغ֪һò裬ӸҪˡ
ⲻѾﶨ
ûﶨƢԣԾҪﶨǰһ㣬һҪһǿ׳ģӿɾ衣
ϱݼĸԸĸ󰲿ƽ֡
ɣ
վֱӣ˳ӣͷ¡
ϱĸϲȲ裬մһ㳢
ˡնǳǳЦţǰиŮģڲˣôĵĶϱ֪ˡ
ʱߵſڴŲס
Ͽﶨƽ׽˵ӣһ˶ƵʺǸˣΪ׺͡С˹еĶթ湤̣ҲûﶨӴеĻҲͰŰɡ
ڿﶨĸµķ緶һ
ԺĸҪʲôܸ߶ϱϱһȥ
ϻ䣬ſڴһƨҲҪжȣҪֻ˵󻰣ȥժϵժ𣿡
Ͽȥ¹һſ
ﶨеĲ豭üͷһ˲壬˵ţֻȡֵ˲Żȥժϵ⻰ﶨ뿪Ц˵ӲµĻҲӡ
λô꣬㲻˵Ҳѧᡣ
б£Ϳ԰ժ
⺢ӣ֪Ϲ˵ﶨЦִµֱۡ
һû˵ǳǳȾЦֻƢĹùãą̊́涼²
£ȥ¾ָ·ƵĴȡ
ﶨԸ²ҲӦ
֧£ﶨ쿪ڣѾͷ߻ˣ޷죬һʶ
ﶨͷ֪°ĽԳϣԶԼŨŨﶨ̬ȣӦҲǰô硣ǲ֪һﶨ᲻ͻȻްţ»᲻ֽ̫Ӹ
ڷǹСһ뿪ǰﶨһϺõ˲ΣȥԳϲӡ
û߳ǹȡѻ£Ҫ߹ʱݺ³֣ɷǡ
϶ʱͣ½ŲĿཻ
ֱ̧ߵǰС⹬Ҳһ죬еĹػҪҽ㣿
Ͳ˵ղ˵֣㿴Ҳ밲ҾͿʹûа֮
Ϊ˭ըˣ⹬лû˸۸Լ
Ůˣλ𣿡
ԵĹŮµѣ˵ǻʺֶŮ۵λҪ̫üȣŻ׹ݵͷΣλҲ۸̫ͷϡ
ŮˣΪҸ㣬ˣֻѹȢ㣬պȨ乬ȥĵط
ϵһЦʮţʱ򡣡                        
лҪ˵vָ£Լ䣬лһ·֧֡
Ԥġǰӭרղء
İ
꣬˳ǻΪļͻûȴݽᵳӪ˽һ籡
һ̣ĺȫΪ˵õԼֵ֧֣ϻλ
ҲᰮȻ
ߵܻӰ
㣬¡
һУΪţ
սģΪʵ׽Ǿ̽̽ڷ磬磬Ҫʲô
ޱȣȢ㣬ҵ
ͻûһתȢٱŪһΡ
ȻΥٴηּͻûΪסԴСнβˡ
һΥʥּܾ檣ΪŰ
ǳһС
С
ͻûãϵ
ؿɼ¿ɱԼͻûþ޶ģжģʬ
ͻûã˹ˣţŹ֣

28

ϰ߹
ȭͷ, Ͳû취
սһһ磬ǰѲߣܿ, ֿĲ
ͣ½Ųվһ, Ĳͣһ, 밲ԴӼ޸Գ֮һжֱĺ, 밲ĳƺȻҲˡ
ϳƺԼ, ǹŨŨЦ, ɣ
лվֱ̧ͷŲϵˣױݾ£ŵ޵ĵ΢΢뵽պվڶ, , СùöҲǳ谮мӡδгһջĴ
һŻϺͻʺ˼, ִҪ޸ԭ, ԼĹùվڶ档
û뵽ػһͬ, Щⲻ˾ͲҪš
̫, Σ
Ͼ֪ʼ£⹬˶ԳƣԳް
ͷﵣģ¾˸ձȬ
ԭˣΪж⹬е˰ȥͱζ̫Щǰսȷʵ˲, Ҫչˡ
ǣǰϸġ
߰ɣ
̧Ų˿ʼǰߣ¿һֱվԭؿŲԶתķȥ
˺һ·̣Ե˿ڣ̫ӵ·мСȻ
һЦ뵽Թһ仰޼漦޹湷ղԼĺֶŮԼʱĳƺˣͦλͿʼԼһҲˮ
Դ֪Ҫ޸Գǹֶ֮Ѿ϶Ҳεˡ
Ѿͷͷĺܡ
ǰŵţҪΪ˻Ӻ͹࿼ǡ
Ȼ֪൱ʧȥұۣƽĿɽҪⳡʤ·
֪УѾжд̡
ϺԳϴǰԺ̺ô׼ȥǽ˸ӣ£
ԳͷҼ߽ȥ˳ȥ˳ŸǴϡ
ȥУĸ˵ʲô𣿡
û˵ģͶ壬Щܷš
Գû˵ȥüͷһ壬ĪǽҪס£ӪлҲΪ˯£ҹ˵Ҫȥû
ҹȥʱɿҹ
ԭأһϰ¡
¡ͳŴԵɤһһοԼֲûˣµһҲûֻ֮ȴûй
ɵãе˰̽𣬴»鿪ʼǶûͬ齶ߣ黹ˣѴø˯һߵϡ
ҹҹˣξսʣһˣѾϰһߣ鲻ڵһҲûѰڣûôԼ
ŲȥԳ˫ſȴ¡
ߵԳǰŷվԳ߰һԴ֪һֽһȡһߣֽĴժ¡
ԳĿⴥͷϷ˿㷢߷ϲһ֧ҡɢŵζĿ
ʲô㣿
ͻأĻһ̧ͷԴײ°ϣ۵Գ˻һüͷšʮֱǸûײۣ
Գһһۣ˿ܣ
ϸ̣˭Ҫҿ£ôѾ߲ʹƫƫʹ
Щ飬ǲԸֻԳ̫˾УǰŲִܾ٣ǳ
ȥи¡
ԳɫӲá
ϼԳϲ˵ΪĬ׼ȥ
˭
һ㶣Ȼ˵ĻĵЩʹ졣˵Գûʲô飬Լķ˭Щĵ׶ʹ졣ûԳЦȻһģԸġҿ˵Ըϴյ˶࡭
үûнĵ£ԷΪ졣ԳشĻ
˵˳޺Ҫģõ飬÷ܣȻҪϤ£˵Բԣ
Գһ˵ͷͷǵ˵ҡٴչ˫ۡ
üͷһ壬ӲͷƤϣŪãҡ
֣ࡤ
Գϻ˵һ룬̧ͷҲԳҪ˵һ˵˵ͷ¡
ȥֻʣɫ̧ͷԳϣҲԳ֣ĪǻҪѰ
ǡǸ˰ɣ
ԳϵͷϺ͸ϣɰˣջ֣ߵӴ£һ˫ĺϣĵ׷𣬾һ°֪ôԳǰĵ׾ġ
㡣
šһͷˮҪʾʰĪˣҼװ֪
Դͻкο
ϸͷԣ⻰ʲô˼ĿûʲôֻǾü޸϶ȼ޸á
Ҫ˵źأ
ٷһ㣬һ㡣
Գϵɫ̫Ƶӣǻйоػشɣˡ
ûʲôֻǾúңɻϺͻʺĺ񰮲ŵԼ޸̫ӵ¡
ԳһʧЦЦĵ׷
˵飿
һ˭Գǰҥ
ȻģĪǵ²õةĶӣ;һƬȴԸӹһҲûЩٻӵܵĶϰӦú˶͡
Щ˵ﻰ˵Լļ£;ȷʵǿԼƴģةսµĺ͵ĵȷȷԼġ
˵һҹӣǸúܣǸƻ֮ˡ
ǼʶˣԼ˵ͲǴ⣬ƫƫ˵㶼ƻȥ
ȷѵõ˲ţҲЩټӵΪ͵ģ̶ʱһһפøʶ
ԳƮƮĿһֱվԼһ˵ϣӦûкܶĽ߲ǡ
ȻԳϻлҲ֪Լ˼ĪԱߴ߷硣
ҾͲ֪ˡ
ʹǶԳ⻰ת̫죬һʱ仹δӦ
˰šһ
ʲôţ
ЩΣĪǽҪ˯һŴϣûͬԼšһôôһʼδԼǾͱϲԼΪԼܰж
밡ҪܰжҲô
ǸɵӣһǻѪΪΪƨǣøҲ֪ûзԼոʬ
ҧЩʲôǰ˵źȻ˼һûԼʬԼ
룬ˣ˯ϣ˯Сָָ濿޺
ҲȽϺΪˣֿ˯ȽϺá˵ԼΪãҰѴ
ԳһվȥͷһҪ
ԳϸߴǰӰӳڴϣӱҵеΡ
ϺգҲϣǵȻǣ˵˵µҪǲ˯֣˵¡
û˵֮˶Ľ
ϣ
ͫ׷Ŵ
ӽӲˡ
ҡҡаɣһҧһᣬҪԣΪڵĽҾΪѽܡ
ı飬ǵԳЦĺϲ£졣
ػصߣĥ˰ҲҪϴԳҲǺĿƣҲߴҪŪʲôʱ
һѱȥѿûˡ
ҲԼæ˰죬ɶҲûŪɾҲҪɨ·ȥҲûʲôתͷ㿴ԳӰпڴϣһ˫ĺϡ
϶֪ԼڶܣҪǽҴԼǵãֱҴϻ𣬱ֻ-
ĥһС˽Ӧǽ·ƵоѾˡ
ˣĥҲֲȥ
С߹ȥͻأ˵ţѾͷԽԽ˲ģһҲŲá
ң˵Ҫİ
Ȼˣ㻻ġ
鷳æܾҴСߣϰˣëһá
ԳһĨЦҲҴ
ϴһȥؾԳߣֱͷɫдϸСƵʣһͨƺҪƤ
Գӣһһֱֻȥϣɲɷĳ-ϡ϶ʱСǺ죬ػĳǹġ
ίֲԡ
ҪҷԳϾԻ˵޴֮顣
ǰ͸ԳϵӣԱۣɶҲܡ
ԳϺЦĶ˯š
ϱ۾ԺһƬ磬ϣһӰΣͲ˼ҲʱҪǿڵҹԺػ˺ܶ飬Ҳ֪ùȥԳӦ˯˰ɣ
ۣӳԳϴǳЦˣȻץҲۡҲֻۣ۳¶һЦݣԼΣûϢ
㲻ҲûϢ
Ϻգ˯š
˯ˣͻȻеʣȿˮһɣ⻺ԼΡ
ԳϿĵҲҴ
ȥݺˮһˮ˰ȥҹûкˮϰߣܾú˲֮ˮѣһҹ˯ˣӸǰĥ˰Žȥ
߽ȥԳϾȻ˯ˣңԼظԳϻû˯ߵ£Գ˯һ
齵λÿϵˣԳϻۣǱ߷һĨЦ۾
һҹû˯ȣȴ׼š
ԳҪ嵭ʳΪЩ˲ע⣬Գõʳѿء
ãطֻʣһӣҲԳˡһˣʣ˵Գȥ鷿ˡ
ñҶŹȥȥ糿⸱ҩû
ȥҪǲԳ϶Һ˯ˣȻ֪ȥ
ϰѰҩ½˴꣬ǶĿ飬Դϴ֮󴺾걾ֲ٣֮᲻ᱳ֪
شԼģʵʵԼõѡ
ҩĴ밲
ⰾҩǸԸһҩҪʱһյҩϿʼ컹δҪơ
𣿡
Ͼͺá
ϿʵǸѾߣһԼةฮҲڿ죬ƫƫԼߵߡ
ѰõҩУʳ׼ϿڣҶ˹ȥȥæġ
ǣ
ǰһߣӣ˵ͱͬǴӺģǵĴе󰡡
ǰͬǺġ
ΪƫƫڳӣԽԽġ
˵ţҴСҵȻܱȡ
˵ǲǴСţⶼǺģ͸һԴ
ǣĵײΪϴŻԼͻİţ롣
˵ţЩµ˲ڱϴҲﲻǵԼˣ˱ҡ
û뵽ˣǱҾˣЩͲ̫λûȣͿʼˡ֪˭˾仰
һЦҪЩҪҡ
϶ҩȥ鷿δ߽ȥ洫磬ĿǣԶຣ
մ͵Ļ飬˵ݾݡ
˼ǣ뷨дá
ҧס´ʳָץȻԼ˵޸ԳϱãܱҲܶѣҲԳܰԼ
Щʱĵʹ졣޸飬ԼɷԼͷ˭ѹ
ôȥ
ϻͷע⵽Լۿ죬ʺһ䣬ȴ˵ںɣҾͲȥˡ
ֱӽеʳݸһͷˮϽӹ
߹ʱҷʲôˣûʳڣҵһۣ˵һ䣬ᡣ
ãˣ
ûаɣ
ҿ첽׷ϣϱԹţСᣬȻڵǰڮС㣬ѹСġ
˵ˡϴϡ
ھһ˾һȥæģԼߡ
С㡣
ϲ˵ֱ߿
򴽣ĵ׶ݺһ
ҩȥ棬ƺ׸ղΪβţղſڣĩ˽ġ
һһ磬㿴Ȣʲôӣ͵
ǡ
һ䣬´ϣʲôһļϸڱϢġ
ˡԳͳüͷ£Ȼȥ
硣²졣
һҪԳĿԵҩϣղ̸۵ĻӦˣˡ
ҧҧãúչԼ
³ȥſڣĩղżۿġ
Գбһۣʲôû˵ҲϽ졣
û뿪̫ӸȥҰƽû˱ǽģµһ£Ҫܡȥ˱˱ȥ
һ»ֱȥϡ
ϢͤͻŴŵĶ使ٺãղŵĲһһɢȥȴʱҵȥ³ʲô¡
˱
ϵ˼·ϣתˣȴǲڣҽҾͽǺûӡ

ϿǱӣİֻʺûѧǸϲ̨ø
ϵĿԽڰϣ˵˵˱Ҹòó
⡤ΪѣֲҵϣϾ⸮Ůˡ
ǰȺ˶Ϊ»̫ӸŮˣԴҶͽֻҪһΧת
δǰЩǱСڴ⡤һأ˵Ҳ˵
Ͻӹȥ󣬸дСС飬غӦң̫ӸŮ˴
˵˵Ķ𣿡
ͷЩݣǵģԹŮ˴飬˱²ܣҲ͸̫
Ͽ£ˣ𣿻Ҫҽ𣿡
ϣָ̫֡ϣֲҶ϶֡
ҹӦҵģһ˵ǱС㣬ҪԼݺ͵λ̫ߵң㡣ͬҲҡ
㡤ըˣɾһӵĻȴ˵һ䣬ȷʵ̫Ӹûĵλֻһˡҧ˼½ţȻȥ֪ԼȥҲûùӳԡ
ԴվĿ⵭ϡѣ⸮в˶µˣǰλܼӦҲǣҲǸеˣ׵ӦñҶ̫࣬ӸŮˣ¸˭ܣ˭ĿҪѣպҲϣٷ
ǣūס
µûһԳ϶ԳЩֻüͷΪ֣ͻǵ͹ˡ
-ĻбҪȥһ¡
˵ĩղżۿġ
Գʹۡ
һعﶨǰڮһﶨǸˣ˵ĻЦЦ֮
ʡ
ùáղŶͼӴ˵ģȻﶨʻĶǣʣҲʳġ
̫ӵӣǣǻ˭
ǡǵȻ￩׹ùá
ﶨЦЦϻûдǸزˣҪҲѧϰѧϰպ޲Ųᱻż
һǻ˵ãĵըëùҪóްߡ
ùãҪߡ
ﶨǣ֣ͷ۰׵ֱģ͵޵䣬Ȼڹùߡ
¾һֱŹùá
ô񻰣ҵĹﶼҪĳޣùûѡһź¡
¼ˣùѶȻı䣬ɲűǣűߡ
ãȸˡ
ﶨͷֶŮıӰΡ
ҹϰϰ
ųţŮ죬ǰÿ꿪ͻմ´ϲĸֳŮ졣
̫ӸռԳϵ˿ڣ׼ҲһԱƽ
ҹ࣬ҵϣһ̧ͷɿߵſڵˣӣԳͷʾȥ
̫רעҲûעˣԳߵߣӳӰӵסĻ́ͷԳϰһ
תͷһأ
ȥˡ
Ͻе߷£ϵͲԳϣҲûԳͬԸԵġ
ʲô
Ҫʲô
ԳһЦһԲϣ̧ۿʰˣҵӣ˵ʲô
㡤ߣָʻȥ˵Ķԣӣ̫ӸģĶɡ
Ҳںô࣬ˮˮҲãʡպġ
Խ룬ĵԽʹ졣
Գֽһƽùȥаţҵģ
ƲƲͣ뵽ϵһѶȥķ˵ţȻǡ
ԳҲЦһĪǸ˵ġ
ԡ϶
Գϼӣɰġ˵ĸˣ˵ñ̫ӰѰѹأûҳӢ˧ȨеλҪǱҲĻ֤۹⡣
Ŀ˵ǹֻһϲܰȥˣҲûӢ˧
˵˱˧ȻûȨƵλߣպ󱣲׼
ԳЦһ룬һ˵ӣǹƾ췴λ֮ġ
ϣ治˵ֻȻһ
Գ֪˵뵽ԼĿģϵ飬һ¡˰ֲ֪Ӻ˵ȥеۡ
װûʰʰȥ㿴ԳϺѣЬҲûѵڴϡ߹ȥ뺰ϴѾ˯ˣҡҡͷǴү
ְЬӸѵĽŷȥȻһϲ֪ɬƻŪãϲȥϴתʱûע⵽ԳǹЦ
֮ԻԼӲŵ

ԳϱĻ磬ϿڴҪϢһҽҪ
Ҹ¡
á
˵ģԴӶЩ鶼ԼڹйطҪǲЩ¿ͷʼˣȻΪҪǣˡԳϲϲЩԼȽϺá
ϻϵŦۣԳϵͷǰˣĻϡ
һ̧ͷ΢΢һװ֪˵ʲôˣô֪ϵŦۣù壬Ҹ
ԳһЦϾϲװͿùȥЩ׶Ҳδġ
ʲôģ֪ܴӿ˵ĳɷ֡
Գ壬̧Ǽٵġ
ϿǱԼյ飿
Գϴ糯ʥȺԽԽ³밲򸸻밲
ɣԽ߽ȥ޺ϡ
лʡ
Խϲ衣
ɣ
ǣʡԳ߹ȥ¡
Խһڲ裬߷ű˵Σʱ乬æҲûʱ㣬ϴĸ˵Ǿ˸ȷʵ𣿡
ǵġԳϵͷ֪ЩһĴԣⶼǶûдòŻҴֵĻ̡̻
ܴΪҪ
ס
-û糯֪ܲíɧ-ţս³Ծȫǽ״̬гӲսҪ򡣡
ʱ˵
ʷģ˾ǿ϶ӦС
Խͷ̾ǰʷǶҪĳǳأǱܣʱҶΣءһֱûƶҾĹ͡
Գֻͷû˵
֪ҾڸеλߣΪĸԵʣҪס˿ǣֶҾв֮ж뽫Ҿ⵹ҲǼӰ⵹ĸ֧š
ԽһԽ׼ۣҲ͸ˡ
ӵ߳ѲʿĲŤͷȥһۿͷ顣
߽ʺԳĿ⵭Ų¼Ѳߡ
Գв֪뵽ʲôǹ
̫Ӹ
Գϸ̤븮ԺߴߴĻЦĿ⿴ȥÿһӳһļѾ߿ӳԳϷȥŵʧ롣ԳϿ׼ˣһŻ߷ϡ
Ͽӷɹԥ߹ȥԳ̧ɽס
߼ӵѾ߼״ϽӸæȥ
Գӳɫͷ׵ļëӵݸֽӹ
ս㸸ףϴλûȥҸȥһˡ
С
ϴûȥ׵ʱɫͲãȥ
ߵĲʲôʱѧģ
СʱأߵҲ
ҲСʱ򡣡
ϲ֪뵽ʲô̲סЦеƺɢȥ١

Գ糯ͬһȥǹǸ곤ȱԴ밲Ҳ١
棬ڣϳ׺󶼲ˣǼɫ塣
Ц𣺡ⲻǿ𣿡
㲻ġ
һȥ㡣
վһߵڣǴæˣһ涼ѡ
˵̫Ӹʱӭ㡣Цݻش֪е˼Ҳ
ҲŶһ߳Ĭˣǲ֪ͬͬ⣿
ǽýóǺ¡
ãԺһ
ЦЦ˵ĵڴʲôһ
ʱѲſڹǱŵģע⵽˵ţǾŮĽĶ󣬷¹ݵ֪պ˭ܼ޸㣬
еĻ㲻ǻҪȥĸ𣿡
ЩûаѺĻ˵ꡣ
ѾȰѻ˵꣬ϣ֣ȥĸ´ξۡ
ţȥɣ
߿̧ͷԳϣԳһƣЩÿڣȷһ̥ġ
Ҳ֪ĿǰһĺͿ£пԭ֮䣬Ըƫףĸס
ԳǰϸȥֽԺȻôĶ֪
һ㶣ǰһǳ˿˵һɲôͿ                        
лҪ˵۱½к䡣
΢lucky档

29

ﶨԳ, ֹס»䣬Գת˼ӣЩӿ, ĸҲȥ㡣
ĸˡ
ﶨҡҡͷ, ۽ǵˮ, ĸƽһж, ֻҪƽ, ĸ󡣡
ĸ, ﶨǸĸףεҲ鷳ڻǰ
ֻǣ뵽ôõһˣһȴţ֪һܷıˡ
̫Ӹ
Ժָֻ, ϲԺһļʻʢ
, ˷׷ʰ
ɩҪʲô
ֻ
Ц̫Ӹɩ, ҡȥ, Ȼæ
ȥɡ
Գ鷿ǼĹܺ, ͻȻЩֲ, ̧ۿһۣǹ·ġ
гӦŶԡ
ܺҪս
ļٵģ
Գϵͷíڣ̽ҷܺܿһӲսҪ򡣡
֪𣿡
֪
׼ǰȥ
Գҡͷ, ʱʲô
ҡͷ뵱̫ӸɩżҶܿˡ
ٷϻ˵ص㡣ԳûЦ
ж鴦üĿˣ෽ȷʵ˴;ɹļ׷ȥôţ
ôţ
¿Ѳ˹ϵ
Գüͷһ壬ô˵
Ӧ֪ǰһˣֻǰڵĸе˹ġ
Գվеܺ۵Ž󲩹żϵĺ˵ţû뵽Щ˻ϵҲЩ˲ܸױ˶ĿЩ
ǰ⡣һ֣йϵȻҲϫѲ˹ϵ
Գӵһ٣֪ϫҪʼû뵽ô졣
һֱţвңҲСȻ㡴֮ƽ⣬ȻҲù˼ֵ֡
ε˸̫˺ڲĶδûĽҩ岻ָܻǰ
ԳϼϣתȻҪҲԴС
ô
Ȱ
ͷľ֧֡
Ҫ߱ţȻԸ⣬ԳһֱûڣֻûȥϿڣӦ
޳ˣԴϴһ֣Ҹ⸮еŮϣĻ
żЩĻʲô˵ڱ˵λáռȵ֪õʲôֶֻʺģѹںһ£̫
ӵĲˣüϲģ޲ڣɩпڸҰġ
˵ţԳϿ˿ֻԳü򴽡
һ³ϲʲôġ
ɩģ磬Ȣһϱ
ôóԵĶⲻס졣˵ţԳϺҼһӲУƫƫϲԣԳġ
磬ĵġ
ԡ
һûȻֻЦЦһֲܵ涪ֻЦ
ˣɩϴô԰ˮ
ҡҡͷȻµɵģû֤ݣֻʱư͡
ԼСġ
ôĵ㲻ߣƫˮ
˵ĸ׳Ƶģô·ߣƫƫߣҲ֪׿һԳϡ
ʵʲô⣬׳ƵġԳϿڡ
׳գҡˣҲ˵ˡתֿڣɩʵԵǴΡ
£Գһϣֻñ졣
˰أʣǴôˣ
ûʲôͻȻԴ·´˵
ϲЦԴ·
ʵֻӣһҲ竡
ƽ
ǰ̫ӸȥԳҪȥȥĵ죬µ˶ſӭӣ϶Цݣһ˻һЩɫʧγԱȡ
ϳμ̫ӵ£̫
ɣ
̫ӣ롣
ϸԳϽȥ¡صʽһÿλظ塣
һ·ݣҲӭλȻʸ񣬻ѡһ࣬ø׺Գһ
ǰЩŵ¾˸Σ
ѾȬһͻļðһ˻ظýʱ㰢ϻ
ԳϽԼϻЩϰߣƽƺԼ
ʢȨһϣϴΰϻ˵ˣʱҲæûʱ¡
Щأү񷱶࣬Ҫ
л¡
Գ϶ϵתת
ӦʢȨ˵ţϴȥתתȻٽǡ
á
˳ݣԺ˯ȥ
ϴûίˣ
ôܣҼҡ
֪˲Ƕ㣬Ʃүˡ
̧ۿЦЦû˵
תţǰסԺղŸſӭʱҲû
㣬򡣡
õ׽
ԳûǻϡšһʲôǲûסһԺ
㻹֪ڰᵽ˴ڵķס
ƣڵķ䲻СİҲһ㣬ԺԶ׵ԺӣôŰ
û˵ʣͦõģԺѩϵ
һ䣬ʲôüġ
ϵȻ֪һֱϲѩһӶô˵ǵá
ʱѩıϴţϽ㣬ˡ
ƽܾѩɵʱȴ˵ʱʱ
Ͻ㣬˭ѩԳʡ
ǰϽķҲĽ򡣡
ŶѩԳϣԳһЦáѩ֪ԳϵģֻԳ棬ӡ̣־ʱ
ƲƲ죬ɵӾͲҪ
Ϻǳ⡣
ѩԴ֪˵ϰοѩѹͽ򶼲㡣
𣿡ѩϲ˿һĻŭš
ġ
ѩ濪ġ˵ţѩܻӣܿһгܵԳǰѩ͸㡣
ѩеĽУͫһһѴѩеĽеϡ
ѩվȥסѩ˵ʲô
ѾͷģһǺ˵Ķô죿
ô˵ѩ޵ĸס
֪һѩĽװһңҲ㱻ҧ
ѩϻָҵģҵıߣñˡ
񾭲ɣߵˣŶ
ԳϿڣС㻹֪ߵ
ʲô𾪣ߵǷûá
ԳϵͷϵĽмһǱʾһ£Ҳʶɨһֻɫҩƿ
Сⷴӳ˿־֢
ǵȻϴΰŵðҧ


30

ư, ǰһŮӣֿµﶼҰ֮˲Ÿ׽ġ
⻰һ, һֱϻе, 嵽ǰ, ɷץĸ첲ҧȥ
ʹʹ۵У, , , ֡
ԽǽеףѩԽҧ
ѩϷӦϽȥѩѩҧŲš
ԳûǰţֻȤ
ϼԳϲ, æ
Գ̵ǰ˷ֿ
ѩҧ, ֱҧֱϰ, Ƥ, Ѫ, ˡ
㡭㾹ҧҡֱ۵, Ҫȥˡ
ԳסǰС㻹ǿȥ˿ڣҪǴҪ˷硣
˷磿һҪˣ˷ҪǺò˿Ҫ˵ġ
ǣСӦö˽һ㳣ʶҧǻòģǷ財Գһ˵š
һߵϲЦ
弸½, ԹҪҿɲҪ÷財
Ͻ˿ڡ
ίίʹ뿪ȥ㷢ȥˡ
ѩҲίĿϰŵģʱʱԳϣЩ˼ǳ׺һҾ¡
ѩѾߺúţǲ뿪Ժӡ
ܱǸЦˡ
Ҿ˼ġСʱһͷÿ㡶۸
࣬˼
ûֳԾ˼ҪǼ˹Ҳ
վԺͻϸЩʲôƷ֣˵ĲֺԳϣ˵ʢȨиҪ
ȥתתȻԷ
Գ߿һԺȥ·һȹʱע⵽ӺˣһѾ߾һǴꡣ
ҡͷᣬֻϧúϧװûֱ߹
һС·ϣһ˫ۣ۽ǻᣬ̧Ӳԣڸý
ﲻؾнͽҰϾСһһǿˮԼʣദҲ
ӦǱĸѵˡ
ĸ׳ң΢⸮ĸҲǴѹǵʱѩûз񲣬ĵø׳谮ĸ׽ϺѩжΪѡ
ҵãҪеģǺҲס
ѩ񲣬ҲûôѩڸĿеķҲ͵ˣĸҲͺҲ硣
һССļҶΪóַ죬οǼǧĺ󹬡
ôˣ
ҡҡͷлģûµġ
˵˵
µûĻӦǸղȥ״ϱĸѵ⡣
̾Ǽһᣬۿˮʼת̲ס£ͣţѩĴС㡣
£ĸ֪ͷѵѩǸŮҧˣ϶ҪȻҲͷйϡ
֪ģʱҲڳȻȥ˵ҪĴѩ
ˣȥˡ
֣һζܵõʲô
ĨĨᣬĵ׵ֻԼףϢ˶˵Ǻõġ
ˣһ˵ֻһ֮ʡ
Ҳûټ֣ȥϢϢȻһš
֪Գĸ׿϶ͬԷ
лл㣬ϡ
ͷ̧ĸԺȥߵſھһֱۣһһᣬӦٲҩҧôⲻ۲Ź֣ƫƫǿûֱӱҧ붼ۡ
㡣üͷҪšһˡ
ӢŮ˵ţ˭ȥǸӵģÿ˵㶼ںˣҲп̡
ҲҪѿˡ
ǵĻŶ룬϶ʱ
СҪúôԽȣһȾſ¡
㣬㵽˭Ǳߵˣǣ֪ĻΪŮ
Щϲľ仰˵ˡ
ۡ
Уղ˵Ķԣ˭ȥѩģҪȥǻЩ𣿡ϼ򵥵仰Ʋϡ
ѩ˵ڣʼӢ㣬ǣҪǷø𣿡
ѩ͸¡
ģŤ˵ţҿҪ-ŶԣһɵӶ֪ȨҪ
⻰˵ԼԳϺ޲ȥ
ˣ˵һ䡣Ӣڡ
ЩʱǲҪ̫ƫ̻ϾҲǵˡ
Ӣһһ檶ѡ
Ҳˡ
Ӣתϣ˵ʲôͻȻ뵽ϵݣͬա
У˵֪
СҲǣѩãҪݣҲǳҲҪ𾴡
ƲƲ죬㣬һҪЩӦñҿ߳Ǵҹ϶̵ҡڽ㣬ĸӦñҸҲĸá
ɫ⻰ҲĽжá
ӢҲǹҲסˣˣ˵ˣϣȥǡ
СҲȥ
һߣӢʼѵԺ϶ڲĽ̫ȥĿͷԡ
ôɵ㣬Ϊβ룬ֻҪұȽ޸ĺãͲ
Ӣһ㶣ܱ̫ӺõĹֻлϣ뵽Ӣǳ⣬˼
ôңǣ֪ǵմŮȲϽճŮ
Ӣ뵽ٽǿǹֶz̷ͬһˣʱ򴫳ȥ಻һϵͶԵĵˣ뷨붼롣
һ֪ʼƫ̻ģ˽ķͷ
˵ʲô
ˣ֪˵꣬뿪
Ӣҡҡͷô˼úҵŮ͸ü޸һƥĺ÷
˵ʹȥҲԼŮ޸һôˡ
ںű̫ӸڣԳе룬ԳĿбǲǷޡ
ͻأĻһ㶣ŤͷĿ֮һЦ
Գ֪˼⣬ѩǵʲô𣿡
ǣ
˵˵
ϼ򵥵˵һѩ顣
ԳͷĿһߵĺϣùװʲôҩ
ϿԳϴӽóҲ֪װʲôҩҪ
ԳϿеҩƿ˼ѩôŻؽȻ
û˵ҲǺܲΪѩҪҩԳϡ
ʵһֱиʣһΪɹĻӻȢѩ֪λɹδ̫ӵѡѩȢȥʲôô
һֱû׵飬ϣһҳ𰸡
лҪ˵ƼûѵġŮɺҹ䡷byҹ

ϼӣ23:00£֮ճ3:00^_^
Ԥġǰ

31

϶ҩߵ鷿ſ, ̸óȻȥǣת߿, ȴ˵ڿжĵȷȷϫѲ˹ϵ
΢΢̧ĽŲ, ϴŻ·, ϫֱӳ--ơ֮ǰ²û, ϫйء
һ, ة, Ϊ˻λƽǹùõĺܣôϵƽͼƻõġ
Ǿ֪ϫǳ嶯֮ˣڹϳ, ̫ķ
Īһة⣿
, ͻȻһ֧ڷɹʵʵǰſ, ŵжŵҩѵһϡ
һ̧ͷ㿴鷿վŵ, Գϻ, ͵̫ûˮƽ, ´߽
ϣ
͵ðɣҲ͵
ȥҩ
ˣҪȥһˡ
ȥĶʳһ˵ûȤ
УҲҪȥҰ
Գͷϴΰ˵ҪƵ÷Ӿƣһȥ
áתҪһ, Գϳȵȡ
ԳĿɨһۣԾȥ
ϲĿҪʲôղĻװС
ǣ֪ʲô˰ˣðҡ
ȥɣ·עⰲȫڿɲһ˵ġ
ϣ
û̫е˼
ֹ
һ磬ù׼ϰԵĵģأϵʱѧϰԴϴα𷣺ѹúܡ
Բ˵˵
ϵˣ˵˵ѧϰҲûֱ߽ͨȥ޺Ǳȥķߵ࣬һ
ŵеڵϣ˯Ҳһɢȥ
ͷϣԼظҪҡ
ϵ鼮ڴ˯Сʱ㰲Ϲѧãÿΰ˯š
ƲƲͣ˫ȺȻһ𣬡Ҳ֪ʲôÿģѿˣĸҪÿ뿴٣ÿ»飬ֲСˣۡ
ߵһ£ùöΪá
ʲôã;ҲҾˣûԶ󱧸͵պ󸸻ʵİ޵
ЦЦʵҲԸⰲ֮·жѣ֪󵽣һ˼޵磬ûѣߵ˴㵱ɵˡ
ӣ˵Ҳܱ
û޸һʲôˣ
һֳֻСϣҡҡͷε˶˵ҺѡȨûС
ϵȻףݵλʱȴɼ
ˣ-ȥӣȥ
˵ʲôط
ɽ£˵ӣʢʱڣɢɢġ
룬⼸-Ҳûʲô飬ԾʹӦͬһȥҲ֪ûüͷ塣
üµʲôûʱңһˡ
˭
һЦʱ֪ˡ
ϲǺܺ棬ֻҪǸ˲У治֪ԼˢֶΡ
һеʱ档
Ƭγɵɽ֣̣΢һذڶ֮𣬱һס⡣
ּһСѣֱͨһݣռܴդȦǰһ糵תСˮأԺ˲߲˹ϹԺɹ˸ֲҩ
ԳɵĳǰŲ裬һҩһʮõҩװ
еҩãһЩãȻװͳȥ
ǣʦ
Գ϶£һԵĲԳϣ¸оΣ
Уǲ߼ƺйţ˵
ǵģڵĶûɾ໹Σµ塣
óùҩƿŵԳǰҩģ
һѸġ
ûĻҩ˼ԵµĶа
Գüͷһ壬ĿڰɫҩƿϣѩԼҩԼĶа
ȷûжϴ
ǵģһζ͵еĶˣ˼ƽҩʱͨһζ붾˵ҩƣԶƽҩԭøңҩǴġ
Գϳ˼һʵ벻ͨѩ־⣬ôܸԼһƿҩöԼеĶа
Ǹ˸ҵġԳָָԼԴ
ܷҼ
Գԥţһȥʡ
Уȵ´𸴡
ԳҪĿΪ˺Ȳ裬Ϊ˸Ҫ顣ﶨᵽí׼򿺳ǣڿǸ涼߱ӭսһսƱԪˡﶨ֪íĿŵ˱ƶƺҽˡ
Կ˵һ£ߣҪأҾһսҲͬʱǻѵľأڵ岻ս
һֱíɧ-ţʲôöԷͣڲǴ̵ʱ
⡣
⣿
һ裬³²衣
áԳֻ֪ۣҲ֪ǰãȲһڣɬšüġ
ǳǳһЦܿ࣬ǰɣ
ǡԳϷеıӡ
íشλòҲôЩǵӺñ裬໹ѹǴǶ뿪Ѻýˣƫƫδαܣµȴʧܡ֧֣ΪʾõȻҪԿǵŤתΨһܽİ취ʾá
취ûոʵ뷨Բʾá
ȵۿʼíŴͿ˳Ѻùңȵ۶ûͬ⣬ǸʣǶíΪíƽ˭ܶպضǿ
ûӣ
°˱ܾãͻȻиǿһѣ˵ô
ԳףҲΨһİ취
ס
ϺͰ˼ʱ壬ڴһ˺ܶ飬Сʱ飬Щ϶̫ǵá
а˵һ£Сһ𳤴󣬿ƫƫһ𽥵ĿʼĽ٣Ůļ𽥵Ŀʼ˲𣬼ϱһЩɱۣһ뺦ǸҺù󱻾ˡ
ϲɵӣȻе˭
˵ľԪ԰֮£Ǳˮģ֪
Ͻ˵ƣûֱӸԼδѣǲԼ˺ҲԼˡ
ȻǸʶȤˣ϶Ჩ˰ӡ
ڰдʱ뿪߳ű㿴վԶˣһĵ׷һ˿ů⣬Ჽȥ
СܵԳ࣬٣һԳϵļĵȸԾ
תתͷĿԣԶ͵ϦǵϣӰӳڹǽϡ
òҰɣ
¡
ӦǣůůһЦ
Գ¶һĨײЦݣֻ·


32

ԳϺϸտ븮, ſ߶ǻ첽߹ԳҾϫˡ
Գ϶һ, 漴ʣô£
м
ġ
˵ϫȥ, ֪ļ, ĺ󱳡
ôôɣͻأ˵һ䡣
Գǹɺ, Ϊ֮ȻҶ֪, ȥ
, ȻӪУջлš
ȥɣ
ͷ뿪̫Ӹ
̧ͷԳϣĪϫԵݵġ
롣
̲ס˶ԼҲ̫, һԼ֪ԼƤ֮, ֪һжʹ
һ, Գս, лһ˱, ֮ʺȥ, ԳϿν衣
ֻϧδȵ˭ǻûǻԳϣ·Ҳߡ
Ҳ֪һʺ󵽵ôȥģ˵ͻС
ǰһδ˵ʺʲôһҲɫ˲ڲز
ѵʺ֮飿
¡
Գϵͷ, Ŀŵɫϡ
ˣֲ֪ο˵һ˵ڣԳΪԼǷˣǶΡ
ǻǵ̷ϫΪá
ң
ϺգĪǹˣ
ǿһϵģҪǷˣǸꡣ
ͦġ
ǵȻѧʱǴδοõһʦ˵ҪǸкӶȥμӿԣϧŮԲƽ
ϳЦЦǿǿ

Գȥϫ¹ܼſڹ򣬡ū̫ӵ£
ɣ
л¡
¹ܼԳһ·ǰֱסķſڣ£롣
ƼԳϣǰӭ̫ӵ£
ϫΣ
̫á
̧ȥϸȥĿ⳯ɨһ飬İ輫򵥣㡱м
߽棬ſڴϣۡ
ƹܼҸԳ϶ӣ࿪ڣү̫ӵˡ
㡻ۣɫɷɷ׵ģ֡
ŻʵˣҴɩˣ
ûʲô󰭣ͷֻɩġ
ⶼǷڵ顣
ĿƲһ԰ϵļĪǼеģǼͷԳʱеļΪơ
Īǡ
ϵˣԼԼ֣ǿ̫ݣڵǼȥ㲻ûҪ
ֵܺһԳӪҪ뿪
ǳӣԺһ񻣬ڵŮӶҩû뵽ϫлˡ
ŮӼǣḣ
ֻһǣĿʱôһĳٶۡ
Щ⣬ĪŮʶԼ
˼ۣŮӴͷҪ߹ʱע⵽ϵǿ룬پ졣
ԸղŮҲʶԼ߳Ժӣ̲ס࣬ղԺǹ˭
ع
ع
عôҲô죬
ǵģеˡ
ôҲˣߵĺա
Գпʲô𣿡
ع֮Уٶ˼룬شУ㿴ϵļ˵Ѽƫƫ˰ѼȻ˿
ע⵽ǼͷеĲࡣ
ǲ࣬ͬһ֡
ϵͷôãԿĲ̫
͵ƾ㣬ҸжϫԵݵģжϫ
ΪβΪ
𣿡
һĿģ˭һ
Ȼһ˵ϫĸ˷ܴ󣬲·ҲһϫϲͷǿʤΪϫĲλ
ǵȻǣɴδ
ıȣ˵Свһûб֮ùÿ϶ɿȶλ
¿ԳϵĻλ׵ģʵ᧿Σ
ȻǺܣԶڿǣҪ䶯ҲˣҪھв׵ġ
ĿǰȿĻҪ⶯ϫة֣ҲΨһܱסƽİ취
Ȼʼ֣ҲҪ׼
ԳЦһҺļ
ǡǵȻҲΪ롣϶͸¶뱣סЩ˵ܻᱻ˵ɹ̥
£õƾܰ°ף̽̽ԳǷ֪ةһġ
ة࣬Ȼһ뵽쵽ġ
ϵͷҺԳ֪֪ıԼࡣ
¶ô
˵أ
˵ϺȻ뵽壬һŮ⡣
ԳЦһȻǸˣô췴Ӧһɡ
˵ӦةةԽҲԽľϫľǵ
ϻ䣬Գϵȥ۾˵ĸ˵Ǹƺеǻƿ
ϣڿֿ
һظУԳϺȥӪд飬׼̫ӸеԱһ£ЩĿԴ˾ʹˣЩҪĿ֧ܽʡʡպҪõĵطкܶ࣬ǰӻ
æµһ죬ŶǶõġϳԴ飬ҶŵĴ
æһϢūϲԵĵġ
ĿһֱűңȻʲô³Դϵ֣ʶһعĹ𣿡
عϤ룬ǲǸع
ĸ
ǰūһͬģʱ˰ū澷عС㣬ǲعͱϳ˸УΪǸʱū澺һĺסһͨദҲܺá
ϳȥô£ǸʱҲСЩ鲢֪
ū澼ǵúС˵ع͵ĶһعС㷿Ժһϣڶα˴򣬴һѪܵģη˾ֱӰعϳˣū澻ǵعºܴꡣ
ʱСعͨʰū澼ܴСعһϣڶߣС㲻Ӧ
ѹعռʱԵĻڣԭںܹôĴҲ˺Ķˡ
͵ôһҲ֪
عū澣ѹû͵Ҳ֪ΪʲôСҪûعڶαһ˺ۣƤȫѪڻ¡
ʵ벻ͨΪҪعôȻһҲ֪
Ϊûң
С㲻ū˵ūعû͵ƽع˽ĬĬ飬Ψһ˵˵ū˵ҺΪܵܰˣûңúں顣͵Ե飬عġ
ţ顣
ôع
̧Ҽ

33

СĶģʮָ, ʱദĻ黹л
ϫ
ϫҷ̾
ϵͷ´Ҵȥ
, ū, ܱǸ, ÿο𷣶ﲻæﲻ֪عںӼֱ, ʱ򲻹߰ꡣ
˵Щ, Ҳ, ˣϲ˾԰ѶԷعǸ븮Ѿͷʲôġ
ϫӦùĻҲһο
治֪Ҫٵ
ϫ
عҹغ, ҲҺ, һ˯, вʡ
ҹһֱج, ˵, ֱ¶ǰײͣ, ȵ˯һ
ҩüҲѣعҲ߿ֻһˮ
عƵ
ڲ廨ͷᣬеļʻ첽߹ȥү
ɫ԰, ˵
̫ҽ˵ſõģ⳶˿ڡ

㡼֣عҲΥڴرߡ
ȥҩ
ع׼ס󣬳ҡͷ
ҩôõÿ죿
ҪһãȻˣҪ㣬ȫ
عΪʲôҪҲֻ˼
ӦûϢȥϢɣɿ
عҡͷľˣ˳˯£˯š·£ܾҹ»
ع뿴ү
ҿˣۻˣǵòʧ
ع˫ᣬҡͷӣϥԣعүģүˣعѹ뿴šүտ
˫¶磬̧ԴɵѾͷ˰ˡ
عƽƢ˳ִ˭Ҳ˵
һܣԳΪíæĽͷöü¶ӪУ֪í֮ΪҲţӼ㸮һɾҪ︮вˣǳ֡
ûֱӽˣǵٴʱѯʡ
ñȥгŪһݲɹ嵥߼۸ͳƵģֱ˱˲֪١г˶ٻؿۣϸ㣬̫Ӹ׬Ǯĵط
վǰĿһһȶˣĵԽԽżǰ¹˵ʱֱӿһۣ͹ȥˣû뵽̫Ҫһһȶˡ
Ͽãҽãгһ嵥֣ҲǸжˣЩһҪú̸̸
ֵͷĵǻŵòУǰ˵̫ˣû뵽ģΪֻŻŻˡ
˵
ȿݵۣһѯʵģһղŸҲɹ嵥ϣļ۸񡣡嵥С
ֲ˫ֽӹȥ߷ϵūʶ֣
𣿾֪ǰڹеûн֮ǰ׾̣Ϲü˽ӣܣѽ빬С
ŻҪһ㰡

úÿΪɹʳĻҵĸ߳һ۸ǲɵгߵļ۸ҲȲġ
ŵͨء
˲ȫˣⱨһһߡ
ū֪ԭūҪߡ
϶֣˵빬꣬ϾǻʺﰲŹˣܲʺӣպ󻹲֪Ҫӡ
ҲߣǰҲ׷һεһᰴͳƵĵǮ㣬պҷ֣ɱûᡣ
ǣū֪л￪ֲͣͷ
ɣ
ǡ
ֻڷЩΣûгͷ㲻ôţǰҲ⸮еŮˣҹܲţպЩ鶼ҹܣұάպúãһά
ģūһĽ£鲻ٳ֡
̾ϴͦģаɣȥ
õģ
ֳȥĸΣǲߣֻպ뷨⸮еȨ
ԳϴϽӹе磬糿ŵʱƮ꣬׼磬ڵĶδɾ
Ӫеæϱ㽫š
ǵ黹δࡣ
ƽɽĽ飬ӭսͬӭսڳγһ֧Գϣһ֧ƽɽڻƽɽֹ
˵Ҫӭս
Գ̾ƽɽһֱ游ʳıߣЩ游Ȼƽɽģܿսӭս˾ҲǧһҪȰ踸ʡ
ǣةӭսԳԲϣһֳֻɽ
һ࣬ɨһԳϣһȲ裬ֱߣȺȿڲ裬󡣡촽ƤˣӦæȿڲʱ䶼ûС
һһíһսûгɹչġ
οԳϣҲ𼱣ҵи⡣
Գһϣ˵˵
Ȼة˵ӭսͰ齻ȥ֪˾жȨսة֯ӡ
Ҳ˽⣬í̽δǿҲ뿪սٸ֮һء
˵ûíŴ̽Ϊй֧֣ǲΪ֧־ֱӽǸϣ֧ǿһЭ飬϶ԭ֧ǵĹңȨ֮£Ѻദ
ǵģíǱ߾ң֧ĹңӦòڹ֮ǻпǺѡġ
Գ϶ЩĿ࿴Ĺﻹô࣬Щ˭㣿
㻹֪ǰھӪ
ĸӪ
ſǡ
Գ£ǳǳЦݣŮܸ裬һƬԭĺõط
ȥ
ǰȥѾǺܾõ顣
Ŵͷ
ԳϿ£Ϊʲôȥ
ĸһȥġ
ԳϼҲ˵ͷ֮Ҫȥ˿ǡ
ȥʲô廹û۱
ʱδ
ܲȥɸȥҪ
ң
һ£ҵķҲ㣬˭㡣
ģˡ
ϣ
˵ˣȥ˵Ҫȥ
Գһס󣬳һӵĻУ˫ɴҡԳڻС
ϲ˼úܣһͨ죬
ԳЦһֱƺôҲ
ҹˣʲôʱ򲹸ң
ϣֲٵġ
߲˵Գϱ㿪ھղײգͽ


34

šü, ǴǳЦ߿ɨһԳϣҡ㡣˵, һƬ, ˼ƿԳ, 룬˳ȥԳǳǳЦ, ֱӰʧ
Ͽ˺һ·̲ͣ, Լظ, ղŵĻһֿʼ̣ȻԼҪܰԳѾǷޣƸ, ̧Ȣŵ, ¶
, ȻѾֲ߻ȥǷ, ֱ˵Ҳ˼ԡ
ȥ, ߵſھԼ
̫ҳŸ̫Ӹ, ҪǺүùòǻϵĳ̫Ӹλá
һ˵¹ĵǺããսҪûսĶֵõ
, ʺҲ֪ôģ̫ӵδһ͸¹Уҵĺλ
˵ǻʺﷸ˺Ϳ˻ϵĻҪ¹УҲô
ԣ㿴ϴΰֱӱѵˣ˵̫¹˿˵ûѹǣԵ㿴̫ԼߵѾ߲ˣǶǡ
һһģҡͷʲôûͳ⸮еĶˣҲʲôˣѾ㹻ӣû뵽˼Ҹ顣ֲƾ³֮ǰΪǻʺˡڿǻʺŵģȴµġ
һôû뵽ȻôѲɹ齻
ֱƿȥҿ̫٣й
ժ˵Ѿ߼ϣŵùڵϣĲ˶˵ϣˡ
Ǻ֮УҪ˵ҪΪǿĶˡ
ǵģ
Ѿ߹ڵϻ֪Ǵɻ䡣
ɨǣҡҡͷʱϴҲ죬˵ĻѾˣҾͲܻ䵱ˡ˶ţ̫ӸŮң£еΪºãҵ칤Ǯˡ̫ӸҪзġˡ
˵ѵ֣ȻҾ˵ô£
Ͽһ۰ҩĴ꣬ȥ
ǣ
겻ȥ֣롯ԳϣȥԳ˵һͨ
е˶ټڳԺֱĿ⵭ϣָҿϣĵĺܡ
֣ʹ˵˵Һʱѵ㣬Ϊѵ㣿
ҡ
֮ǰ˵ڣڲܣ
˫ֲһ𣬱Ǽһᣬۿ졣ϼ״ЩΣ⸮еһһݣȱްȻҪˡ

ԳߵͨԺӵĹŴδߣԺӷ顣
֣ĸˣǽ-㲻ú˵ʱĸҲΪ⵱ϱǲӡ
ǵġֳ
Ҳ˵ԸڣҪȻΪԼʩѹ
˰ͻȻ͡ݲūˡ
ЦһȻҧһڡӣھȻҧԼ
ӣЩѹҪӡ
ʾһ±ңϵ˼ת߳Ժӡ
ݲ㣿ΪҪݲһūš
ΪΪūǻʺˣҪҡ
ԭôһ˶ݲ¡
ԼʲôˣԼӣūţҲðҶеġҺʹ궼ѾߣΪһֱڸѡģڳƫġ
ϳһЦǣ򴺾꣬꣬ҰѸ°ҩĴ½㣬ڳίˣ
û˵ֻͷĺܵ͡
֪·϶أǶŽ⸮е£ҡʵǰ̫ӸŮˣ̫»ֻǿе¹޷ıʵҲãҲգҼȻŮˣҾҪٳֺңҪпźʺһ
һǾ仰ǲңѡˣҲǿ
ȻҲûҪǣԸ̫Ӹųӡ
ˡҽ嵥ݸϡ
ղ˵ݲ˵ΪݲҲ˵ʺϣҺͻʺ֮ϱϵ
Ȼ˵ݲھǿΪݲ
Ͻеĵ嵥ܼңùܼһܼһһӦܼҶ
վڹŴЩ˰ھ͵ǣû뵽ɹôĿӡϣһֱ֪Щ顣
ҶˣҲֲ֪ɹʳжã˽⵽г߼۸Ҫһֹ
µ˽š
һֻ֪ǮˣŻʲôãǮ
ϱЩ̨ϣ˶ҪģƫƫֲҪ˻»ԼƷݡ
žžž
Ժ˶ȥԳϣ밲
Գߵߣ֧̫ľ̫еľ˼
οԳվԼߡ
֡
ڣ¡
ˣǰڷǹ£汾û뵽飬ʰö뿪̫Ӹ
¡ͨأ£Ҫūߡ
㲻ñ̫ҥ¡
£ūˡ
ܼңһ֮뿪
ǣ¡
Գµˣպñ̫̫Ӹ
ǣūס
У˭ٸ̫ͱСȽϣݹֱ̫ǽɲᡣ
Գϴ뿪ԺӣĮ˵ţֵطԺٽ
ֵطҲ̫Ӹһ֡
Գͣ²ת̧𣿡
ǵȻǣҪǲȥô֪»ỤңһЦ
ԳסԽԽš
ҲҪ˳ҲšǸղŵ²ңҳպҾֻб۸ķݿ
˭۸㣿
죬úܣûҲû˸۸
㰡㲻Ҫ۸ҡ
һ뵽ղ˵Ķҹ˲
ԳϵһʱûӦ͸׹һֻ֫ϣǹһĨЦ˵ûһҪݺݵ۸ĳ̫š
Ůһɰ
Ҵˣĸϻ
ԳϴǵЦŴ󣬡ĸϻҲᱻˣˡ
ϣ⻰ôԽ˵ԽԾ
ڡ

35

, £
£меŷ⽻Գϡ
Գϱ߲ʣʲô
ļ
ϼ, , ȥæ˵, ҲԳϿڣ߿
íս, ֮ʼ, ｫõϽ͡
ԳϿ, ɫأ½-ȥʲУܵȵա
Ͻ
ǡ
ǰŽݣԳϺŽ
Ҫһ, ѡ
ͷ, ׼, 𣿡
íս, պ󹥳ǡ
ֶһ, ⵣ, Ȼ֪һⳡսδɹսδһҲͬһһԳϸ£˵ţϣġ
ѡ
̧ۿҲĴ硣
Գס֣ĿֱϣģһȰ踸ʵľ
սõģһսʧ, Ҳǿǵİա
ţȽ
ãҵ
Գͷ֣ͷͷǣҡ
ϡšһſڡ
Գһߣñ׼īֽ⣬ҪдţװſǣһñҰԼдϡ
ؽͳŵʱ͵ǡ
ԳϽһʱ䲢δԽ˵ԽûڹУԳ֪ԽٻҲڣֻԼˡ
γȪԳȻȥ糯ࡣ
ôߣҪǵ糯ϽƽɽִһɣʶƽɽԸҲ˽⣬Բ͡
ﶨŴᵽȥɺִ㣬ֻڰҪսҪݣǾܹӦݵĳоüٹǳ⣬ᵼ³̱
ʼﶨԽӦݴǲ֪ΪȴûеԽС
ԳϵȻףǱء
û²⣬ƽɽصģ֪ǲ߱սʱڹӭսʱҾ϶ܵĴӶ̣һ˫
¡ִӵڳͱΪūˣЩȥɣѾˡ
鷳ת游ʣǼҲߡ
¡ҡҡͷαعִ˵ˣ˾Ͳġ
Գϱֱ£һ£ʲô
ʲҾͳ𡣡
¡ҡҡͷתȥ
Գ˱ֱٻſڣ˳ӣҴ·
ǹﶨڼʻ廨ƿˡ
ʲôŻŵġ
¹ڻ޹ſڣ˵ǻϲͲ𡣡
ﶨһ٣еʻ׼Ҫȥٻߵſڣͣס
ôˣ
ﶨҡҡͷУҪס
һ治£ô죿
ġﶨĽ߬һ𣬡»ġ
żܳסⶼʲôʱˣǱ²ˡ
ţٵʱԼҲûĵ׻ϻ᲻Գϣʱܲȥǵûϴŭʱѽ
̫Ӹ
Ѿó׼÷ˣ͵ԳϻϻΪԳϻˣԲվ»𣿡
ǣˡ
üͷһ壬ʲô
ųȥڸſڲδϻŵĹٷӦǴӹ
ϳȥҾݼ̫
ض񣬲֪ν¡
Ŀϣһһкһġ
̫ӵڹٻſڡ
һô£
ϲ̫ӡ
ϵϿܲԳϣû뵽ԳϻᡤʱҲܽԳϵļƻֻڸڵȺ
ΪԼԳڹе飿
ҲǾЩʱ򣬶һˣ֪ˡ
ﲻؿиˡ
ϵͷ
ʱʲôֻڵȡ
Ҫū׼
ҡͷãſںţȵ»
ǡ
ת߽ȥܼԳϡ
ԳٻſʱԽżʱ˫ȷЩסԳƿվһߡ
ĶߣҪ·ʱͣ²ڣִ̫ţѾ̬ȣΪ̫ſڹϼʱ͸ı䡣
ԳûĶĻֱӳߡ
ĶŤͷԳϱӰһ۲мߡ
Խ޺ϣ̧ɨһѽеڰϣ̫Ӳˣвޡ
ҡ
ң޿Ͳͷˡ
Գϵͷ
íһ£糯Ѿ˵ĺףӭս
Գֱӹ£Խҡҡͷʿ֪ڵĴ
Ƕδս£ȫ㹻ӭս޲֪̫ӻڹʲôĪҪһС͡
ԷͣǩԼ
̫˵˵ȥǲս˵˵ʲôԽȻѾûôġ
ԳϽϵżݸԽ
Ǿ˾˵ţᵽȥɺݴ㣬ǴսӦ˼գǣǰ˾Ҫ飬ӦԽȴٳδõʻӦ
ơԽһŭеżڵϣֱޣﶨۺ࣬ںδ
Ҳ֪ȥĶˣ˾˲ѣһµĵȷȷġ
Խҧ˼Ƭ̣˼۱ˡ
ȷпܡ
Խİ˭ô󵨣޵Ƥ׵
Զ븸ʳӭսѡíɺͽ⣬íβҹսǰܳ־ȥΪβǶ룬̵Ϊÿ곯ǸһЩṩԴǡ
̫ӣʵޣ㲻Ը⿪սҾǿ治ӭս
Գֱԣ˵ǿǲӭսʲţֻ˵񿺳ȷʵ߱ӭսպսݿ϶ܼʱ˴ʱٵĿɲֻݶȱ⣬оǣȷڲ߱սӭսʧҾ
ԽЦ޵ĺöӣΪȹԼɷһ⡣
ʸ׿ʱԲí
ǣ޾ǵ
Գ򣬡Ÿʻѡȫ֡
̫ӣֻܻٵԼ
ʽѵǡ
ɣ
лʡԳ˫ȲΡ
֪һһʼͲԸΪ̫ӣƫƫĸʩѹò
˲֪Ȧֱ洫һ»ˡɱܳȥԽƣ߽ŵڷɱǼһᣬۿʪ
ܹȥΧˣһѱסԳϣû¾ͺá
⼸ʱĵĲˣԳϳ£ʲôá
ԳϳһЦϼ򣬡ɵѾͷ


36


Դ̧, ע⵽ܻˣ˼ΧҲʶȤĬĬɢ
Ż, ɵ, δķдһһռ, ҿô죿ҵҲԼİΣ
˵ƺû, ˵ôᡣ
Գ§ļ, ƣϷ˿˿Ц, Ȼû
𣿡
Գϵͷˡ
ǾͺáԳϿԳɹֹǷŵоͿóȽȥ
Գϸ̧һϥǴһʹһȡϼ״, Ļ, ϥۣ
ǵȻ, ʯϹʱ, ĺáԳϵͷ, Ϸס, ˴ˮ
϶׼ЬӣԳϱܿԼ
ָϥϣʾտ£˵ţź˵ȻҲ̫ЬӲѣ˵ġ
ԳһЦ, ԽȤ
Ьӣ£¶˫ϥ΢΢Щףۡţ̧ͷ𣿡
ůůϥǣڲۡ
šţЩۣ֪Գϲף̫ӵҲף̫󣬻ȥû뵽㻹ôܡ
ɷ죬ܳɴ¡Գһ˵ţʱû취Ӳʲֻܳ²ߡ
˵жϥлƽ㻹ֱӹǴϹ⳰Ц
ҲҪʱ򡣡
Цʱֵ׼סϲٻſһϡ
ԳڳЦתƻ⣺֪ڹе飬Ҳûҡ
΢΢һ㶣֪飿ü֪϶ܽҪһϣ˵ڶ糿̧
Գ̧Ϲһ£뷨ͦõģеĺ
õºˣǻǡ
ӦûȥͬԼķһ¡
Ϸʣϣȥ
ȷʵͦģͬģʵǴ
һЦҪȥǲȥ
ȥҲȥá
ҵѡû
ȥŭϣΪڸʩѹʱԳһ˸ý
ǹ
ﶨԳϹٻſڿʼһֱڳ飬ϰߣֻҪȾͻ᳭飬һǼʱ
ƿӴѾ˵£ӦѾصˡ
ﶨûκηӦ飬֪Լӣĵȴﶨ齫һҳֽ꣬ӹﶨеıʷڱʼϡ
˾ͺá
֪ˣﶨ֡
ﶨߵ£裬ǲȻ̫ӣˣ̫ӰȻظ϶ȡ
Ӣ֪ܽ
ﶨ̾δضܽЩֻԽԽ֡Щ˰ͲÿǷսӶҾıЩ˵һһľ
ƽɽҹõϢϸı⣬Ȼŭŵ˻δ뿪ֱץϵĲ豭ҵ
˫ֱߣεҡͷ̾
̫ӵôûת̬ȵģ
ūҲֻ֪СߴˣӦԷ
ƽɽͷ̾һа취赲ڵ⣬һϺ̫ǸӣܲΪ϶ġ
ڶɣʼԼĽǻ֮ơ
̫Ϊ˱סԼá
·鷿ĵƻδϨ˹ȥסŲ׺Ǹᵽ̫ӣ϶Ϊíһ£Īíһ븸йϵ
ôһҪСģѾ֪۵顣
ȻС̫ӡ
üͷ壬ҪתһȥߵԺԺӵĹŴͣפһһЩ顣ַظղǸԺȥƽɽ˼Ằһ
ƽɽһ㶣š
мҪͬ
˵ɣ
׼ȥξ
ƽɽٴס룬ҲܲסξҲá
ȥĶ
ǡ
ʱƽɽɫ䣬УﶼԣǿǲС֪ڿжΣϾҪսѹ֪սΣա
˵ˣϲ׼ӭս
ƽɽ򴽽ǣҲС
ԸȥǣΪҵԵʣжв˵ЩӵĲ˵-һͬ˵˵ة࣬ȵݣúλѱ
˵ʲôЩϢ˼롣ƽɽֱӺĻ뿪
ȰײΪ˱סϵĿǷҪǱסةฮһųն
ԳϴԽõҹǣǷ붼Ե顣
Ķ֪ϸı⣬סˣԽδ糯ŵȥȺÿԽںۡ
Խһ糯㿴ô磿
ⲻǹıµ𣿡˵ţĶʾߵĹŮʲʳȡ˹ǳԸСģ³
ĶԽżԽһڱ¡
ǲǲϱθڣ
ةӭսíѾӦ̫Ӳӭս
ĶһתǱЦŨŨǸ˲ùʳд£ΪةñӭսȷģһСŴɧ-ţǱ²ӭսЦߣǿǿҲ
ԽͷĿĶϣΪսǺ£
ֻǾñǣǾ͸ûȥ
ԽǳǳһЦֱڲʱ򣬳ỹȥ
ĶߵԽǰ檾֪¿϶ķƣ檾ףպַսʤ
㰡֪˿ġ
檲Ϊ·ǣֻܶ˵˵ûñ½ơ
Խͷûˣȥ㹬һ߰ɣ
ǣ¡Ķ˵ĲС
⹬У˵λλڻеķһлӣͱ

򱱽
ﶨѧӦߡ洫ߺ
ĸ˲̧ͷ¶âƺϣ
׵ĽʿСܽʸﶨۡ
ﶨۿּһʶǻϵģ𿪣ݣɿ
ô˵
ӭս̸ͽ⡣
̫ˡ
ûа񲿵˹̸ͣ黹ҪԼһ˭ȥ̸
ȥе
ﶨҡͷ񣬡ȥΣ
С
岻ֱ̫ӿڣΪεȥ϶Ҳɡ
赶ŪǹǱƢû̸׾Ҫˡ
ѧ˵û̫ٱ룬ҪǸˣʱǶҪǣ̫ӵºòȡĻᣬܱƻ
Ǿ񲻻ƻ


37

һֱе, ʮ굽ͿжһμʱһԲϾʹ, ȻûӮ, ֮Ƕⱶ
ǻϽ, ҲҪɡ
һƨ
Ƕȥæ, 취
, ʦһֱﶨʦ, ȳӡ
ﶨһϣŭ˵˶ٴΣǲǣ
ôҲ˭ֶ, һһΪң
ѧһ, ˼˭ѧ, ú, ŮƵġ
пĿ
˵ʲô͵ѧϰ, ҿϸġ
, øȥڲЩʱ򡣡
ǣ
׼ؾӪ˺סүһš
ͣסŲнӹȥУȥɡ
ǡ
ŷ, 滹һŷ⣬ȡּϵġͷһۣųϣ
ӪУŽŷ𿪣ȷʵϵּ
磬Ƿ񰲺ãŵ̸𿺳ǽϾ޷ӭСƴȫֹϽͣ˵ةڼܲɡíҪͿսϣǻԼչã̸еʱð̬ŵͣҲǿƣΪΪԡ
ةˣｫһҪע⣬ǧҪǶ߱ȨİѱڵĿҵӶնϵµĺܡ֪ةˣСġ

á
ţ㽫еżٵ
í֮£ԳƽɽڳҲǳ˺λһɣΪ飬ЩվةǱߵվԳϡҲв֪ةϫڵҪվ˭ûһļ
վԳ׵ģ˭֪Ժ󣬼ڹжڴó裬Щ֪˭ó裬λ˭ϣ̫պҲԸıġ
ϺͰԼȥ֣Գҹ޹Уϳǰ˵Գϻʱתһ¡
ϰ˵Ҫͬеˣ˵һȥһأ
ڳſڵǡ
˭ôء
Ȼ֪ˡ
ҲͲʣŰǵӣҲãպޣѡ
һ·ͣһ㿴ƿˣһ㶣Ȼ£̫ҽԺ̫ҽ丸̫ҽԺԺ۶
̫³
ڰ֣ɣ˽ûôڡ
ƣǵһ˲һȻܺദǵһ֪ﰲˣֻҪһξʹһΣ֪˼̫ҽôǵˡ
һȻܺƽ
Ҳǣһһģһ֮ǡ
˵Ͱһˣ֪ΪˣһһЩǲһ
ôһ룬ͨˡ
һ·ҡҡλɽּ䣬ƬһʱȥΣһǺһȺСȥģһǳ׺ͬȥģȻԼȥһȥ
㲻һĻᣬҲ㡣
ôˣʲô鶼ϡ
֣ͣ£ȥŰ££һ·վŵɫһ䡣
ҪǣջĿ⣬лл
ƣô
ʱ¿ڣҶһɣ
⣬档
رȥ룬ηηʲôԼһû˵н˶ΪԼ
ϣ߰ɣ
ϸϰߺ档
Գһȥһ˾Ӫ̫Ӹʣأ
ȥˣ˵ǺͰȥһ
ԳϽŲȻסһԺи˵ĶԻ飬ҺͰҪȥһһȥ
ˣ̫
Уռ
뵽Գһת첽סҪǣߵ
¡

ŵ˵һߡԳһԾһӣȥ
һߵģ˺ܺһأǵƾǣ˵Цǰͷм䣬档
ԭ飬ڼһʧˣɽľûˣ˵ͻ顣
ͷһ·ͻȻӳһ˫Ьһ̧ͷ㿴վʯϡ
ƿߣ鿪ڣ۲ۣǲ߲
룬ƨ¡
һҲôԼ˵ûŽ
Ļǰ߾ǡϼӿ첽һ̨ףĿɷѾֳȳߵȫ
̫Щȣߵּɫʼ죬ͣһͷԼ󣬶ʱðԼԼ𣿡
һ޹ʯϵˣӦԼġ
ֱÿߡ
֪ʲôطˣ
ǿɾͶˣ֮𣬲졣
ڡ
ڣ鲻⣬ˣ֪
ϿԼľһҳһð
鿴һľ룬ҲǺܽ𣿡
ʱѾɽ˳ǻ֣ţϣ㣬ĥ䡣
ϻͷ飬˵һ䣬ϣףŮб𡣡
ϵĻЩͿûҪ˵Ƕһ顣
ѵܴһ
ǣ񡣡
Ͽ첽׷ϰ£Цôɽ
еۡ
ҪҪˮϻ䣬˵
üͷһ壬ʶԼ˵˲˵Ļеˮ˾٣ҵ˼ǣǿڿˮ
ʱʣȥͤϢ
ϲͬп첽ߵǰ棬ţ飬ˣ
Ҳ֪
ǹ̫æûԲˡ
鰵˽ⰢϣһֻΪת
ȫû˼ͻһͤҸط£߽ȥһϣҸλ£
ȵĲУͣȷ磬´óһȵݸ
ȣ䣬Ҳ̫ˣͲʺͻɽС
ҲȣͷðѱԵͷʪ˴ֻӲŶǵĺˮȻ䣬һ֮У΢΢һ㶣΢̧Ŀ⣬ݹģɫȥ뷢ŭֲ÷
׼ξܾʱͻȻһҵ̫ô̫׵
Ȼ̧ͷԳϸߴײ֮С


38


״, һ룬군, Ҫ¡ղĹȷʵе, ײ, Ҫ
ϵǰ
ϻδӦ˱㱻Գջе, С
ԳҲû, ͷ, ϱĻ顣
Ƭ̺Գ϶԰ͻңǿң
ǵȻǣֲҾ;ûǲŻֺáȻˣǾһͻɣ
, , Ӱϡ
Ͻ˵, ¸Ͻֻȥ, Լһĳգ۾, Գҳӡ
, Ǻú档
Ҳûȥúõ鶼ˣ⡣
ԳһɽϽŲЩϣ֪Գֲҳ
ߺ󣬰һѣҲ, ѹ֪ΪʲôѵԼֵ̫ܶ˼
һѻŮˣһ̫ӵŮˣҲ죬ǵʶ
ϸȷʵ飬ЩӵܶΪҪȥҪǰ̫Ҳϡó˶Ϊ˼顣
Գȳߵļ죬ϱק󣬺üβʵ̲סˣſڣ㡣
Գ϶Ȼͣ²ϲײȥͷһ˫ĺϣΪʲôң
ҿæ
æͲңϵĻݺݴϡ
ЩίΪʲôôƢΪղݸԼղҲûİ
ǲΪղŵ飬ˣĶԵγˮ
ҪΪҿ㱣֤Ҵû뷨ѹ
㲻֪ܾ
ϣ
Ҫܾ˭֪ͻȻˣùģᡣ
㲻ң
ۼΪʵ
УǾ͵ۼΪʵ
Ҫ룬û취
ԳɫУֱתɽ
һƳپίĵ׺ܲζۿʼ죬ܵúܡ
ˣ˵
ž
Ͼվ￴ԳԶȥıӰĵίԽԽŨԽԽͻȻһҪԼҲ
һֻȥĬţԼ󵽣ֲԼȥƺú󣬹ȸգ
ڵһֻסԼĽףĿǰԳϻǰߣ⺰ţ۰
ۡ
Ȼ䣬Լôó
Գϻͷͷίĺܣһֱۡ
Գԭһųһ࣬ĵô
Ťˣۡ
˭㲻ú·Գ̲סǳ⡣
ǻΪ㣬ҪΪ㣬̨
ĴԹҡ
Գϰףվԡ
ϵͷԳϷվһ۵Ҫۣ
ԳϿۣұ㡣
ãԼȥ
ԳѾ׺ӣ
һȥ˫§סĲӡ
е
ϣȻ˵֡
ˣƽϡ
ԴĺϣÿаȫСϿ·һöһޣΡƺʱĲһԽԽԽԽĿ
˺óһ·̣ԸоԳϽŲ۲ۣɣ
Գû˵ĬĬǰߡ
ƿڣҺûʲôҲ֪
㿴ҺûжĽ˴˵ңҲ֪Ǽ١
Ǽٵģ𣿡
˵ˮǼٵġţ˶һɣ֤϶⡣
Գϴǹ𣬡Թͦתġ
ǵȻš
ϺȻһЩ飬Ĳգʵһ⣿
˵
һĸͻȻްţܽ𣿡
Գһûֱӻش⣬ʣΪʲôʣ
˶ߵһ죬ĸܡҵĸĸͻȻҪˣҽܲˡһ˶ټ尾ֻԼ֪
Ҫ˵Ҳ̫ܽܡ
̲ס§סĲӣԺ㡣
ԳȻʣĵȴаοԼߡ
һ·ɽ£ԳϲŰϷ£һߵʯͷϣȥǣϿߴıӰ䡣Գϰǣұȥ
ҡͷãԼ
𣿡
СҡվŻˣղıŤһֻȲȥһԾȥԳһЦüͷơ
Գһĺ󱳽ԳϵţϺߵ𴽽ǡ
ݡ
ϸֱͦ󱳽Գϡ⻹һԳϿôܣǱߵЦԽŨ
ϫ
ſڵ˼Ķ׷밲һϽȥͨ
źŵعĶ㡸ˣſҩҴ뿪ӡ
ĶɴֽԺӣƼҴȥˣһ򣬼㡵ȥ
Ѿ´ĶҪĶȿڣŰɣ
лĸ
ҲǣôģĶ֪ԳмһʱµԱԵģʢŭֲ𱸣ȷʵͷ˳һУƫƫҪȥһһô죿
Σ
޴󰭣ͷĸġ
ү֪ǵүҲԲ£Ҳ˯á
졣
ͷվһߡ
˵վܻ磬ĸصġ
Ҫʲôĸܲţˣ䲻ϧҲԼġ
㡴ͷĸ˵ǡ
ղűѾͷڣҪ֡
𡣡һһᴦá
㡶ҪףŮվỵ£үҪȢһԼƥ䣬ܸɴҵˣһͼˡ
ĸеλôҪ
ǡĶᶨ˵ԼΨһԱĵطûһõļ֮оһǵǿ
㡿ĶһЦЩϲˣĸûԼĳ
үڡ
ĶҡͷĶʼղģʹΪҵĳСڹ̧ͷ㿴úÿ̫ӣǰ˻ӣ˭ܵٶࡣѵҲϣĶΪи΢һ𣿡
ĶվһҪǺݲģĸ㡣
úţȻع
ĸ㡳
Ķͣס
еȥȭͷ𣬡ĸģһᴦá
㡣ĸϣףڵǶŮ鳤
㡺ݺҧס
׾͸֪ȥãĸ
ʹ۾ֻԼǿȨ֣ܱסԼİŮˡ

39


Ķ߳㡵Ժ, һξ룬ͻȻͣ²ȥѾͷ
, 
عڳæµ, ߽ȥ, 밲ùá
, 롣, зִ, ϾϫļϵˣгһϫϴǸʱ˭ΪΪ檣Ҳֹ
¶ҪԼ·
ǡعŴȥ
Ķ, 밲, ȫڷ, ع밲
̧ͷ
ع̧ͷ, Ķ, ȻǸ, ˫ˮ۾ܹĻꡣ
֪Ϊν𣿡
عҡͷū澱֪
֪-үǴ
عͷͷҪӴ棬ūûйү
˵ûУš
عŵֱ, ɪɪū澡
סˣڸеٿүݹֱĶΪһѾߺԼ϶Ȼ˵ߣͲ롣
ū澽񡣡
⿴Ŵ·Ĳعʱ̱ڵϣʧʹޡδ˭үֻΪүľˣеǷС˼ôãôܱ֡
ΪүĹ̫ˣŻ﷢֣
ɣ˷סֱۡ
ع̧ͷҰп࣬۽ǵˮû¡
ӻͳһкɻݸ
лл
ཫ˵Ļ÷ϣеˡ
ԭˣѹỳԼ
Ҫô죿
ֶ֪Σү飬ܻعûҲ֪عү֮Զܡ
뿪𣿡
عܾᣬ뿪ֲү
뿪Ըңһ㡣
лл㡣
ȻطϢүӡ
عͷתһȥ
࿴ԶȥıӰͷе
ǴϢѾíɹʶǩԼԳҲɿⷽȻʱ򣬾ܣҲð
дϢ̫ٹջؾµ˶ҪӭӣȻҲӲСڹн̫Σ˽»̫볤ٹ̸
ȥ̫빬Ӧࡣ̫һ̫ҽȥ׷ҡͷ˵̫Ѿ֪˭˵̫ȥѡһԣ˴ˮ·̫û뵽ת̫ҲûŻѡ¼
ʱؾ֪̫ʲôûбͼĻع
Գ̫ϲλȥҲ̫Ĺ֪̫ͣҪ׼̫عĶóٹĹ׼̫ϲ㣬˺ţڻˮȵ̫϶ϲ
ȫû뵽Գϻһϸˡ
ҹӳĴϰ͸ŷ۵ϣԲ޼ŸղŴԺȻõ塢¼ÿĻƿ׼ϡ
ղһƿһ̧ͷ㿴߽ˣ䣬Ҳģô
ûȥѧ廨ǰںʱԺʢʻǼȥϣòÿ֪ϾС
ÿ
һ÷ܰ
ԳÿһԲϣȥͷȺĸؾ
һ㶣̫˼̫ع϶˽ӦҪȥģӦ뾴һТġ
ϻδ˵Գϼ˵ȥĸؾӦҺϫ˵飬ûһͻȻѾڻؾ·ϡ
̫Ѿڻؾ·ϣЩ鲢ûйĹһֱΪ֪̫ع飬ŰϢų
µǣˮ··ϲൢҲҪ¡̫վ͵ʮǰѾˣǻպϫµʱ
ԭ̫ûھǣȴһֱ˰иϢ
֪̫ǸǿƵˣʮֶΡҲȵ۷ޣȵ۵ĵһλʺȥԺһһʺλãϵʱҲ̫ӣֻһӣ˭Ҳû뵽ʤߡ
ǳϱȻΪߣȻҲͳΪڶֵܣΨһڻúûŵľֵͬܣĸסǸˣԽǻ֮ȵۻʱְڹ˸ְֻ
ʼգȵۿеĻλѡԽ
˰ֻߵһ֪˭յʤߡ
ڵĻʵۣӲԳϣ̫֮λ᧿ΣǳеˣǻҪȥ̫֮λ
̫ûа
ԳϽŴδ˵ϲõ¼ڱӱţ㣬Ũ
㻹Щ
ԳһοϣΪӣѧа
ϻվЦȥŻ׼ùƿȥڼϣԳϳһ¹סһһ§סĲӣɫߣ㡤Ҫ
ԳЦŨŨҹʮ֣Ǹ
ϣղܿ
ҡһ¡
ԳϿӱܵӣǲŹˣװ˯ôؾСһûС
ܷŹ
ʲô±ȶҹҪ
죬֪ЩʼӲģԳϼϲͷһ£ϺߵĵͷԳֱӽȥڴϣ֮ȥ
ͷһֵϡ
Գ΢ס֣üż飬ֱһǣ£һнҡ
ʶЩʵģֻüͷϷӣͦı-е촽⻬ļ˵ֱ¶ڿ֮Уͷʶ뽫ԼȥȴһֹĶԼŪ
һƣԳϻУԳϰ볨ѣ¶ʵţϻżһȳţǴЦеŮˡ
ԺԼһˣŮۡ
ϵвסƣ룬˯ȥԳϿˣ͹ˣҲ˯

ûԳϵӰ˯ĵطһ˿¶ҲûУ̧ƤŴ⣬˯˶á
ƿ׼𴲣ϵʹҹϲЩ渡ԴߵĲС
ʱҴڴϣЦˣ
ϿҸǲ˼ͷʲôʱˡ
ʱ
һʱ˯˺ܾã
ģһͽš
һ˵ϸǺߣǸе˶֪ϵ飬Ҫȥ˰ЩԵӡѾߣָѾڱ۷׷ס
ԽԽǲȥˡ
Ȼһ¡߽˸ӣԳϳӻ֣ʶȤȥ
ϼԳϽɬסԼԳЦ߹ȥÿסıӣҿˣߡ
ûȭԳϵļϣ㡣
ԳһЦ§סңŪˡ
ʱҲ˵ⶼ˵ʲôʲôѽ

40

040
۲ۣ
ûĵ, ȻʣҲˡ
ͷҪ𴲡
ҪҰæ𣿡
̧, һ, Ҫ
, ղ̤Űϣһˤ, ҺԳһס, ҪܽӴ
Գ§סϸ, Ӳ
ί߷ߵ㣬㣬鸮е˶֪ˡ
ԳһЦ, Ϊʲô¡ḧ, û뵽СƤô, ƽѵ˭Ҳ, Ͳ˸ɼ, ǸƤ, ̫Ӹ̫˭˵㡣
ȷʵû˸˵ﻹ֪ô˵
¡ʱ⴫
һ£ȥӦм㡣
Գ§һڣԹԵġȥ
վſ, Գϳȥһ֣£м¡
ţһ¡漴ȥѾڴ£ҪȥӪ
ϻͷԳѾߵ󣬴Ӻӵס֮رֿ޲ʱʱ̿ճһ
Ȼ¾Ϳȥ
ţԹڼҵҡ
ݸһЦֲСˣȥɣ
һԳϲ뿪ӦǾҪ飬ȻҲӾӪܻԼ
һԺӣʣʲô£
ץһɹͨ籨ŵˡ
Գϲͷ֮ǰí֮˶Ӫ˵Ķû뵽ô©
أ
ѾѺŵġ
Գ첽ϽȥѾսǣſڣͬȥ
Ӫ
ԳӪм䣬üͷŹڵµˣ񣬡˵˭ָʹġ
ĿⰵԳϣֻһһѪ൹ϡ
ԳһȻûˣĻ˿϶Ѿ֪ץôǰָ˵ıǰԳҡͷ
ϼӰѿظؿڣһץ񡣡
ǣ¡
ԳĽ߬ڵԽԽϾ
ƽ
Ѿ׼ţƼſվһʮӵܼҽ̸һűϹϾĵݸܼңߵ
߳ȥܼͷС㡣
õʲô
͸Сš
һһۣ׹߹ȥܼܼ֡ɫЩΪѣ֪ϲѩġ
Źܼҵӣģһתѩ
ܼͷеŽУתֱӵŹܼҵ𿪣״ֹֹֻܼĬĬš
𿪽żóдţ뷨ͬǰ
һżȥųߡߵԺѩԼѾ߼ӡ
û뵽ɵҲϲżĴš
ѩͣתеŷ⣬ߵǰǳǳ֪ѩԴЩ⣬Ȼ˵ʲô
еŷ⳯ǰһݣСġ
ѩȥӣûһɣŷڵϡ
һȻɵҲҪ˵꣬תֺ뿪
ѩĿ⵭ȥıӰϵŷżɨһС
ҹûа㷱ǣһƬ
ѩźɫסԴӺųȥƹһӣһƥ˩ϣ߹ȥ⿪תͷһȥ


41


ҹµݳһƬ֮, ѩǰ棬ſڵյƣΪ·, һ·ǰľͯ, ѩͷ
㡣
ѩ̧ȥ, ڵŵƣͨ, ѩƼڲǰ, ߹ȥ
û̧ͷ, Ų裬ɣ
ѩɨһϵĲ裬֪֪ҲͲװ߹ȥڶ档
Ⱥȿڲ衣
ѩͷǰĲ, ϲúȲ, Ƕһ, 漴֪Һ£
̧ۿ, ǹһĨЦ
ˣϲ衣
֪, ȻΡ

ѩ, ѩ۾˼һۣ֮ǰȷʵ˴̼ʲôʱȬģ
ǰ
ͷΪץһҩȥÿ٣֤岻ٳ֮ǰ״
ΪʲôҪң
Ե
ѩ̫, ˰Ͻ˶ԼûãǸɵӣΪԼżһȴҪԼ
̫ӵµˣ
ٴοԼ
ΪΪ̫ӵ£
ҩֱߣҲûΪκ£ֻԼİˡ
ѩͷȴţ̫ӵ˵ۺ񣬵ϫҲǸĺõطǾ벻Ҫķжֿϧġ
û뵽Ѿͷǹ񡣡
ңȻϣһ˳
ʱˣЩȥպǹֱǡ
л
ѩҩȥĿ⿴ȥβıӰǹһĨЦݡ
̫Ӹ
ԳϺϵĹϵÿԳ϶紦Ӫ
ϡ
ݲ廨ԳϵЦݻͷô
ţзš
˭ģЩ죬ͼŸ
ԳϵݵǰϵͷĿŷϣֽӹȥżּϸЦݣҪɻˡ
š
ϼԳ֪ˣ
ǰ˾ھᵽ
ôôҡмԹ
Գһ࣬§ϸ֫ⲻ㾪ϲ𣿡
Цŵͷȥ粻ףڿӭס
پͷãֻдһӣպ̳мҵ׶ԼҪҡ
ӦԼĿǡ
ϵͷӦҲǡҲ֪֪²
ƽ
˰Թ֮дһһķүǵҪ
УҪȥ
ҪǱ߳ףҾ͡Ҿ
Ŀڵ֮ǰѲ˵ţҲ֪ǲ˵ĶȻڿȢ൱׸
ž
ʢȨ͵һİˡԼĿǣʢȨĶӣռҵ
Ȼ䣬ӢֹסܵʢȨǰԼѣү˵ҪҵҵĶӳɻ¾ȻҪôԶĵطɣǻŮĸУ⴫ȥ顣
С֪൱׸ΨһĶӣȥ׸
ΪҰҪؿڣǰھǣҵ뿪ɺ롣íòײƽϢȥҪΪ롣
ǡǾ͵һ̫ƽ˵Ҳ٣ƫƫҪڹ϶
ʢȨһΣӴˣľҲ
ģдȰȰ磬±Ӧɸĸ´̫ˡ
ǳˣԼľ϶Ǿ˼ǵġȻ˿ھûƳٵĵҲͬͬڻзء
Ҳô۸˰˵Ӣڴʹޡ
ʢȨ̾һˣ˼ңʲôֻ֪޿䡣˵꣬ʢȨ뿪
Ӣһϣ޵ĸҵĶҲ
ӣʵа취ġ
û˵ʲô취ԼĶӵ飬ҲܲˣһŻʲôðӢϣš
ץӢĸ첲˹ù¶Ҫǹùó϶ܰƽ
⻰Ӣֹס̧ͷȻӿԣôû뵽Ļ˵Ĺá
ǰôӿǻð취ȥҴͺ˹ϵ
ӢҡͷҪֹһֻǲڿӭȢҪױؾ

֪׼Ҫףһŭ֮½ֱߵĵƷڵϣ޵źĹŮϡ
ŵ״ɣȥ
˹Ůŵһ裬ȿڲ裬𡣡
Ȳ¡
ŵ΢΢豭һߣŵģǳ׶˺·
˵үҪڿӭףүܴӦ𣿡
ô᲻Ӧλʺ󣬰̫ЩȨ粻ܲӦ
Ҿôãгһջʺﵹˡ
ɰŵһۣŵ졣
ЩУ˵𣿡
ŵס
ʱйŮ񸣸ӣүˡ

ǡŮȥ
ŵڣʱӦΪ˱ү顣
΢΢ֱߵĲǳǳһڣ󣬹ŮӢеĲ豭Ӣۿ

ɩɩض񣬿
ŮӣӢ¡
ɩɩôпУ
ĻӢʼᣬ񣬺úõĺӲƫƫȥôԶĵطҪӭȢŮ
ɩɩ˵ֶҪڿӭף
ǰ
׸
⻰һӢæͣǣ˵ǣ⴫ȥ˶Ϊ׸
ɩɩҲˣȢ޴ȻҪԼɣҪ飬ǲ׸ʲô
ǰӢҭֲܣ˵Ҹô찡
״ŵһۣŵᣬ˱ģ취϶еģҪԸԸȥ
ʲô취
ӻʵҲʲôð취ֻǿ⣬ùõҲۣǵشڱԵɺʵڲ˾ӡص㶼ְͿɩɩȥ˵񡣡
˼ǡ
ϾǱֶܰæѰ¡£ɩɩ֪ģ⾩гɫŮҲ࣬Ů
ӢȻóе˼ҲȢ֮ڿǲһڣӢĵ˵ףʲô취ҪԸ͵˰ǲɢ

42


Ӣŵĵ˵, ζҪӿǴ
ʢȨ֪ӢȥŭɶӢӹһտż, ʢȨһŭ, Ϳ
Ӣŭ, µĿʢȨ˼߽ȥ, Һʲô
ʢȨĸ, ȥʲôΪҪ㣿ϺͿ
ԭºô
ô, ֶΪãôӦֻҪһŲ¡
Ϊô򵥣ʢȨͣҡͷ
ã֪ܲе㣬ϼ޸̫֮, ֮˼϶, ӭȢŮ, ͷĸ
ûлǱǺ, ƫƫ˻, ûϵĳ衣
ĳΪ, ⶼ˵Լķ˻ԼϽͣͷۡ
ûң˵ˣҹﲻԸǣΪѰһź£Щүõġ
㡤㡤ʢȨᣬŭ˦䣬ö˶˵ͱ
һ, ԼĶӳ״ôŮǱ߾Ͳٰ죬ⲻ۸𣿡
ʢȨգҡ˼£ȥ
Ӣȫ֪Լʲôһ϶ԼǶԵġ
ʢȨʺ򣺡
ʢȨӳӦʲôҲû˵Ժȥ
ʢȨıӰ󣬵˲ȥӢվ棬ʲô
û£׼ȥһ˿ǣ
üһǳʲôˣ
û£ҲҵĶǱί
ʶ룬ղŵôӦǺ﷢
Ǵֹף
ǣҲ㡣
ǳǳһЦӢĸ첲ʵǳҲûôֻԺǺ͹ù֮;Ҫš
ΪҪţùòô˵ҲǺȥˡ
ǣû
룬һֱӣѹڵף˴ҲãҲϲ֧̫ӵ£֧̫Ǿϸһ¥
ˤϡòҪĽ
ʲôʱȥСȥ
ԽԽá
Сȥš
Ӣ룬иȷʵҪһ㣬Ӧˡ
̫Ӹ
ӢҪȥǵ鴫϶еһʳָ֮УҲ˲ۣȥ
ӢʱΪʰֹΪΣӦ£ҲӦóȻȥǣһ룬ΪǺǡ
ҪҵĶ׸һֹˣӢݺݵ
Σ׸ֻǶ鲻ؾǣصڼϳף£ڿڽҪʱ̣ˡ
סӢ֣ǳˣЩзִ磬дȷ˵ΪǱ߳ףѹ׸ͷһٸģ𣿡
ϡӢǲǵҽ£̫Ӹ޷㡣
Ȼǡ
ѹûԼĸУôֵΡҲǣһһĸ۰ʼ
Ȼ˵ǣЩͲҪʡ̫Ӹȥɣ
֪ԼȰסԼĸ׵ģǼ˵ȥ˴Ҳ
Ӣ϶һ٣ŤͷϣȥУȥ
£Լ֪Լܸ㲻ìͷתԼȥ㲻ûҲȥǡ
ϣ㻹ûĸף㵱ĸףΪΪġ
Ҳ֪Ȱ裬ĸȥ˿ǣҲҪ鷳
ҲȰԸȥȥ
ص̫ӸԳϴӾӪлԳ󲽳
ȥˣ
ϵͷԳҲû˵ʲôס֣˳ȥݣ˶ϲˮģҲһ࣬Ρ
үҪȥȥҲǰС
֪ȰסҲȰ
㵱ȻȰסֿ֧϶˼ôࡣ
ϲͷԳϣǳЦ㲻̳ɹ
ԼĶӣȻҪΪԼĶ롣ϣʺߵнһĹϵ
ɹҲգɹҲաֻܾ䡣
תԴǰǱľ棬ֻܵȴʲôҲ
ӢȥǣʢȨҲûסֻǷԸЩʢȨҲ֪ԼĶӲܻ
ϣʢȨ̬ѾȷףȻϡ˾ӶߣеĺүʲôҲ룬ҲûжĹϸ
ƫƫӢҪȥʻˮҲû취ֻȥڡ
һһȴԽܹ׼ţԲǻʼԼйϵ˲μӣвٳҲС
֪Ժƴӧ𣬻Ȼûκιǽ֮½ҲΪԼȥ;
һҲμӹԣЩ̫ȤֲܲȥҪֳϿ϶ܼ飬ǻߵ϶ϯ
ԽգȫӪʼԳͬԳ±ߣһ̧ͷ㿴վһ顣
һҡͷԼҪġ
ССʽԻԼסӪԳϺ㡱ԽסӪ̸
׼ӪϢӹﵽԳҲЩƣ롣
նС㡣
µͣסŲתȥбôϣ΢΢Щ
ϻء
һ
ȻҲóǰãοôԣ룬ŵȴС
Ǹ屧ʵ޷ս
СôˣҪ̫ҽ𣿡
鷳һЩСëȥС㡣
УҸͶСһ֮䵽˭Ӯ
Ȼ⻰е˼˭ӮԼӮʲôȻҲҪ᲻ᡣ
ܾͰ޳ԼַΧ
ϡ
תͷԳϳһĨǳǳЦݡҲ֮
硣¿Գ˫۷Գֻһ߶ûϣĵһƬʧ䡣
Գסϵļ򣬹ػţ۰ɣ
ͷǲ뿴¡
ǽȥ
ºˣ¼ʵĿ⣬Цһ»ͷϫЦʲô
Цĳֻ۰ͰͿȴò
㡴סʹɫӲãϾүҲð
ºҲҲǱ˴˱˴ˣ˵¸С
ʱɫҲǼþա
ʵǿӲһ㣬ܱ˹飬ֻϧ±ѹţǿҲܣǲ
㲻ҲһΪΪ̫ϧƫʸҲû˵ʺѾΪѡ򡣡Ū꣬Ц߿
ȭͷùҲù

43


Ӫ, Գ£Ϊˮº˵ʲô
Ϻˮ̧ۿ, Щ, ôͻȻ, ˵ţ˵ˣԺ, ȢǸˡ
˵˵
ôŽ, ģ
Գһ, еıӣһѽק§ס֫ӽţ϶촭Ϣ
ԳЩ, ٵġ
һƭң
, Գϡ
ס, ǱЦ, 㡣żһ¡
ԳϽ§ס, , ҡ
䣬˫Ȧ׳֫ǰԴ¡
ҹԳϱԽȥӪһ˴ԼӪٰģӪʡҹշǵ׺һµա££糯ͷݰȥվڿտĵطͷҹա
֪, Ѿˣǰһ̫جһͿ
ջߣ̫òЩᶯ¡ע⵽£ֻڴܶͣӻûΣգתһƨɶϡ
Ͽ׼ץͻȻһֻסͫ͡׷ŴһְֻסԼڱǵ֣𽥵ģʧȥʶ
һѽڼϳȥ
ɣһ鿴˳ȥˣһ˲䣬ע⵽ͷϵϡûκγɣϽ˳ȥûгκˡ
ȷϣųվס
ӿ첽׷ȥ˿ˣܿ׷ȥеĽһס˵·ŲԾһѽ϶µϣ׼ߡĽס֫˵˭ָʹġ
һתעڷɢһڽϣϽߡ
׷˼ڵϵͣ²תȥὫϷ§סĺӣϡ
ڻûзӦ黷ܣҹ˾ģһʱҲѲֻñӪǱߡ˺üͻȻͣȥ˿϶ϲá
ǺϷһ߿ϣԼ¸סľһѻ
æ꣬һ࣬һľĿϡ
һԼæܻԼغʱſ˯šΪǹôֺԼ뿪ŷԼжİΪ롣
һߣԳϻӪһȦҲûϣüͷšһ𣬿첽ӪʣҶˮ
أ
һ㶣̧ͷԳϣﲻӪ𣿡
ûˡԳͷһϽȥϡ
ҼԳ߿ʼеͭ˽ȥźܳԳϡ
ԳϲûоκˣֻǷԸΧҿȷûϵӰԳϲȥ
ĵƻԽԽԶԽڰ
ϡ

˱߱ߺ
£Ǳߡ
ԳϳָŵķȥһŻںҹȼգԳһ첽߹ȥһʱע⵽ϵϣ鱳ûע⣬ߵߣ飬ԳһѽϽʵʵһȭ
ҿһߵϸϽȥסǵĺţ
벻һȭֱӽڵϣϳʹԳϻòǰ½һȭǵѪմӵ
վȣԳһץס죬ݵ˵԰ʲô
ôʣΪʲô
ԳϵͷһۻԲѵˣͷǰˣһֱ찢ϣҵķˡ
Цһϱģһ˵ֻãŪˡ
鳶Գϵ֣Գֵͬʱһѣ鳯ļ
Գһ࣬첽߹ȥϵˡ
ǰֻһͣʲôȨֹԳڲķ
ҿԳϱһξ룬飬ڵūϣҪ˵ȥȫС
ģҲ˵
΢΢ͷūл
ԳϱϻӪأ¿ǰһԳϻеˣ磬ôˣ
ԳһԲ߹³Ӫȥ
ͷԳϵıӰĵЩ˼վԭزû뿪
ڴϣԳ϶һߣĿһ˲˲ϣԺղŵĻ棬Ȼ֮ûκε׽ͷȴиҲβ
գ۵Ĺ򣬰ôԺȥ֡
΢΢ףӪڵĵоѾ˺üΣϲѹԴجһѡ
ĿһϣۿѪ˿֧ӣʣôϢ

ԴЩجҡ˼£ӪʵĴ˳ȥڻǺҹԺлǰ顣
Һˡ
Գϻ㵣ô£
ȥӪұȥɢ֮˴סҵĿڱǾʧȥʶ
Գϻ룬Ӧò飬ҪĿ϶ҲὫϷھӪôĵط
Ȼأ
ȻʲôҲǲˡ
Գͷ컹ûϢһ
ע⵽ԳϵɫǲǲˣУ֪˭ҵ𣿡
֪ҵʱһ𡣡
һ㶣顤ĪߵԼǲӦðѹ뿴Լô顣
Ӧòġ
ϵͷҲġʱһѵȵԼ
ƿ´ߵԳϸǰԳ̧ͷ֣ҺܾðɣһϢԳҲҲסɫס֣ͷӦ
һϴ§סҹֻëȻЩһûзһʱ²˭ģɵľº㡡
Գ̧ԴԼĸ첲Դ£§ס
Ժһ˲Ҫߣ֪𣿡
ϵͷ֪û뵽ᷢ顣ңʲôĿģܹǾԼһ¡
һ·;ҲҪԼæġ
ǺһغϣٹÿһսսҲⳡս˴󹦣һս
ϡ
΢΢̧ͷĿ°ϣ˵
߿ܻкܶΣա
ǳǳһЦȻ֪Σķңһչ˺Լ鷳⡣
СɵϡԳԴҵޣԶҪø鷳
ϽסԳϵȻԳ֮䲢ûжңԳҲˣ򵥵Ļܻ˵Ŀȥ

44

ߵ϶, 뵽˶ֿԣʼղ²ⲻԷĿġ
ƺһȦףҪһЩ˳Ȧ

һͱﶨߵ˽ȥ, Ͻʰȥﶨ顣ﶨסӪʽŻϡ
Ͻȥ, , ϱĸ󰲿
ض񣬴
лĸ󡣡
Ůϲ, ˳ȥ, Ӫֻʣﶨ, ԼƺҪ̸
ҹ뿪Ӫأд¡
һڻʺǰߵڰףҹǱ˴δߵ, ôܻһͬ뿪ġǸԼ, ڻʺǰ״ҲӦ֪Լ뿪ġ
ĸ, ҹұ˴, ʲô鲢֪
Ŷ, ԭﶨŰ, ڨڨһЦû˵
лĸģ޴󰭡
û¾ͺãѾǳ϶ӣЩܱܿͱܿ˿ࡣ
ϱĸ̻塣
ﶨӪʳϸȷҹ˹Ϊ֮һͬ뿪Ӫ, ĵ˾Ϳʼҥ
ΧԽԳϵ뿪Ӫء±Ҳһȥȴﶨߣ䲻
ȵһȥѾ飬һЩе˵ĸһ㡣
Գ˻ͣԳȴģЩá
ԽԽԳϰѱ˵Ļ
һ죬Գ϶ӪжȹڸʳѰǾȥӪ
ճһͣǰ漴´üͷ壬ô
һЦӯӯǲЩʧ
ѹҲûǸйϹ
ûµĻҪȥ
ȥұ磿һЦȥұ磬ҷȰȥȻֻûȤ
ϲʾĪһҲҪͬ⣿ǹ黹ûܹʼ̫Ӹ
֮⣬㲻һµūš
±ôһ˵ˣװͰ͵ΪùҸ㣬飬Ҫȥǡ
ϢϲУ֪ˡ
ĸ׺ȥҲûֹɹʱ׿϶ҲҪȥҲԸһȥֻ
ֻ֪Գϻ᲻ȥ
µĳִȥԳϵļƻõϢȻһ˺
ʢȨҲѾ֪ӢʱǳɻٻʢȨҲҪҸʱȥһͬȥʢȨͬԳ
иԼһʱ䣬ԳϻȥЩ˵ĵײ
ҪԼҲû취
һֱԺй˼Գϸ˵廹ûдãԳϾͻˡϲдһ˿ɥ
ڣѾȿڣ¸³ɻ飬һȥ
һ֪ˣ
ľĵͷá
üͷһ˵ʲôȴֲ֪οڣʱᵽЩɨˣȻûв˰
²͸˵ģҲȥ²⡣
Գϼصӣôˣ
̧ͷߵĻֹӪеæɣ϶ۣó౸ˡ
ҪߣͻȻԳס󣬡Ӫгһ飬֮ǰȥΧԻѹ˺ܶ飬Բû
һ
ͷ֪϶ۣȥó౸ˡѵ֣ͷ첽ȥ
ﶨԴӼ޵ǶδعǣγֶŮּȥ֮ӣԳԼƽҲһͬǰǡ
ƺƵǰС
Գͬﶨ顢һһ·»û˵һ仰ϹȻᡣ
ﶨͬУߵĺʮ졣
ǰ֪ﶨֵԱվˣҾάǰնﶨԼҾΪ٣϶ֻҪǾ̫ܰƽʮְ
򱱽ſﶨΪվҵˣﶨ鱻ﶨ۵¹򣬡ӭʺ
ﶨ΢΢һЦƽ
лʺ
˽ﶨӭȥ򱱽Ϊ²ùŵƽʡ
ԳЯﶨ񿴵Լã̫Ҳֻǻͷδ˵
ݣǿʼҳСҲɢȥȫԺ
һȺֻϻҵĹϵһһϽܣȽﶨ۴壬Ƕѧ
һһкһʱͬЩ˶档
ôû¡忪ڡ
ղź㳤˵
ƣ֪㳤ʲôضѧͲ޸񣬴Ż䡣
ͷһת
ɩ᲻ҴȥתһȦϵ֣ھǵʱͺϲϣЩʱҪһҪȥ
ð
СԳֹ
磬ô۱ɩģǼҵͨԣ˺ɩġ
ǡҵĵĲǸȶĸƱغܶ˶֪
¿ǵȫͱϹ֣ǹؼʱ̣ºúɲҪ顣
йðɣһЦɩȿǳȶҴȥ
áɨһüšԳϣ˴λʺ棬·;⿺Ҳи
ţ£ССһСһֵĲС
һһһΨ²˵
״˵ţǲϰ߿ǵʳ
Լ˵һȻǡ
һΪϰ˹صԼļͲϰߣҪ˵Ϊһݡ
¾Ҳ˵ָߡλߵ˶ȥ˵ⷹ˲Уʲôʸ˵
鷳ҶԵģ㡣
ǾͺãȻһΪǲؿǡ
ѧǿʲôӹȥã˵ġڹãļңÿ϶Լĸ԰ɣá
ƤЦⲻЦ˵ĶԣҲġǰĲ豭һڡ
Ͽãһһ²̨´ӵ￪ʼͰڳһԼǾĹǧﻹԼǳȥŮӡ
£Ҳаգռǵȥø㡣˵š
ķԸ½ǡ
Դϴ빬㿪ʼڵһԼĵҲƽôֻ࣬ǿıߵӡ
źԳϴȥ£ǵƺȾԲࡣԳָսϱǡ
һӻ߽ԺӣԺµӰͷĻðʲӿͷָָ߬Ƥ֮С

45

뿪Ժ, תߵһߣ˵סŲ
ǰЩҲôһͻҲ, Ҫչˡ
, »ҲŮһ
վڴɫŤ, һ顣û뵽ùô˷ǰĿҪԼͻؿǡ
ΪԼ߿߿
Σ
ҹ, ϺԳϸ, 洫̸
ô£
ūҲ֪, ֮СصͿʼŻ²ֹ
ϳŴ߹Ӱ˵ȥ淢ʲôˣ
һȥ
ϵͷƿ, ͬԳһȥ
Ƽ˼ææҪԺ, ԳϺסʲôˣ
ص, СŻ²ֹ, ūȥ򡣡
Գϵһͷȥɣ
Գȥסķ, ﶨˡ˶·, ūڴɨϵŻ
µ
ôʡ
طˣСֵ֢״Ӧˮȿҩ᲻ת
С
µӣüͷ塣СͳڿǣȻ뿪ü, Ӧ̫ôͰ
߳·ĲɵģײϣҪԳֵһ£ƶͷҪײһ
ʲôأô񣿡
ϳ̾һ̧ͷԳϣʣ㲻úҴûǶûˮôˮ
ҪҪȥҴ
Ŀ죬ѵ֪
ˮĿԺСԳϽ㵽ˡ
ҲЩµҲ޹ءû뵽һûҴ¶µĺ
˳飬ɵڶ죬Գϵ̻ؾ
´ϱһֱʼŻ£س̵·ϵ׼Ůչˡ
ѽ٣ﶨᣬԼҾ̻ĿΪѡ
ǰĶҵﶨ̸㡻δ䣬ѽΪѡﶨΪй֮ȻӦĶҪ
Эﶨ׼飬㡳ѡҪ󣬾ȻԸѡ³׼Ըƹϣ󳼼ҵǧѡ˺һԸƾ͵
͸Ƶģһ
ĸ׼ʡ
ϫ󱾹ȻӦ
һѡģô죿
ﶨǳǳһЦδԡ
ᵱ죬ѲһȦڵĹǧǣСԳϣ˭ѡС
˭жǸùĵ顣
΢΢һЦǵҲǡ㡵ĶעЩڲȨģҲƷͨġ
橶йŮĿⶼϣҶ֪ĿģǰἰΪѡ飬ȻȤ
ǰԽѡ֮£ΧڳϡߵǰɩɷΪȡһ顣
һôԼҪҲþܾͷӦ
йŮĿⶼϣƺ벶׽ϻѡʲôһȦѡһ齻㡡
ԽڣϫѾѡˣǸȥѡ
ŮȿֺѡϿȻȥѡˣһĲҪ顣
²Ҳûǰ飬ֻԼġ黹Ǹˡ
ѡϣԽеԸƣʲôҲûдտյġ
ŮͷԼеģһȥȫǾɥ֮
Ƕûѡ𣿻ʺôƶģ
ܰﶨ鿴ϡ
Щһ׼ģÿԸƶ˫ݣ¡
ʱȺ
ȥ΢΢ȣﶨɫٱ䣬ֽ˽û뵽е¡
ĶҧгݣҸͨŮҲϣ³ΪԼĶϱĲС
ԽЦղ龪һû뵽õϫ
ڡ
ú׼¡
лʡ
֮Ѥ̻Ͽţ̧ͷȥһֻůĴƣǱ߷ǳǳЦݡ
ԶĿϣûκεı飬κ
̫Ӹ·ϣһֱ벻ͨΪ»ȥμӣôôɺϵõơ
ڻʺ߶꣬Ȼ֪󹬵ҪʺΪжԡʺ֮ãôƫƫ
ʵ벻ͨ
ŤͷԳϣüͷͬԼһµ顣סԳϵ֣Գתͷ
ǲڵϫµ飿
ԳҡͷʼջûҪ
ĵ׷𲻺õԤУʲôҪ


46


ϫ
ϢϢеѾߴߺšѾߴչȥ, һժӵعҲȥ
ʲôϢѾȲ֪
Ҹ˵үҪȢˡ
䡪
عԴһƬհףпʯͷϿը
ļٵģ
ǧȷ, ˵ǻʺֶŮ
ֶŮĪǾ
ǵġ
عǵעûԼ, 첽߳Ժ, ߳ȥʹӿ, סһʹ
Լ˵, ʲô
û, Ҳع׹ζֲ
֮ݵע˲һ
һ־Ұ֮У΢΢̧ͷߵ۽ǵˮ, δӹе־
֪ˣ
عĿ⿴Զ, δ˵ջе־Žڴ, ͬһԶ, 쿪, ҪǲԸҡ
뿪Ӧóﻮﻮ뿪顣
ʲôʱţ
֪عе˼, 
ǲǿˡ
ع
ϸعûµģҲеİ
ͷԸ
뿴عܵ˺
ǹ
ĶһѽŮնĲˮ͵ƷڵأŭֱҪ
ţĪ⻹Ǻ¡
Ķһ, ڻʺ߳ǹֶܲһġ
ǿδأﲻ֪Դ̫ӵ³׺ºͻʺĹϵʮֲá
ΪΣĶĿŴδעЩ飬СС
һֱ̫ӣʺ֪ƫƫ̫ȢϣжԻʺͲˡ˵Ժ»Ϊá
Ķ˼ǲﶨַˡҪûﶨ飬֪Ķأ
ȥϫ
ǣ
ȥ㡵˸߳ţ˳С밲ūߵϫ
ĸ𣿡
ڵģūȥС˵ߴ㡳ߡ
㡸СߣĶп޺ϣ㡽ɫЦ
ĸ
񣬴
ϲˮЦүҪŶԣն
㡵ͷǡ֪ĸҶν¡
Ҳûʲô£ͱĶҳĶһԵĲˮһڣϫԻµ뷨
ʺﶨӣ͵ӭš
㵱ӭȢĶֱӣ㡶ĸϣأ²ǶϷ
ʱľͻƣнԼĻġһ뵽Լϱ¸
²ûؼǻʺˣԺôܰ㡣
Щ鲻ͷĸģҵҲδˡ
㡤
ĸҪûиˡĶ˵ءĶ¼£̾ϢԼĺöӰ
ţү϶Լķִ磬һ£үܶԸ
ĶҡͷҪܸˣиüĹڳһѵġ
ۼ̫ӵԽԽǿ󣬶㡶ԽԽôȵˣù
ԳϺϱﶨ빬УǶµĻ¶ģģǷ²Ǻ顣
˵жϣԳϻޣֱӰϴߡû²Ҫȥ
صУĲģ˵ĸоĵӡסԳϵ֣ôõǿӵġ
ʲô˼
׼ģհ׵һ鲢δȥϽȥԳϡҲ֪жعаĽ֮⣬ģԽհ׵һժġ
ôõ
˵ֻһֿܣ֪ǵļıһԼ׼ġ
ϻȻǴˣʱժǿӾͷڷǹģ϶¿Ըˡ
УҪȥϫ
ԳסȥҲ޲
ʱյ߽һƨȦϣû뵽㡾ȻҪȢ°
ʲôʱֵ㣿ԳϴȤš
ҰűȽϺá
˵ǣôƫƫõһġ
Գ϶һۣԳӦעһԡ
ҿҲǣպôദ
Գɿϵ֣һԣôദôദѵദ
䷹ģó౸ˡ
ûС
ָԳϣˡתͷϵɩʲôóԵģ
ȥ
ɩãҿҪһڼңŶˡ
ȫȷŶ
Գϸɷͷָɲɩ磬ûҵܵܰ
ЦЦģȥŲκϡ
һߣôȥμ㡵ѡףһˡ
Գһδ˵
ҿԺ϶ͻΪˡ
ԳüͷһԼѡ񡣡
˼Ͳ˼һɩҪע⡣
Գͷ
ˣҵ˵ĸǡ
ҲõϢͬһȥӭӡ
á
̫عԳϡȥӭӣ˶ڹſڵȺԽﶨվǰ棬Щվںš
źƺƵĶԳϺǰ̫ȥ꣬ƺ⹬е˶Ҫǻλ̫ڡ
ԳϷ̫Խӭȥӭĸع
ӭ̫ع
ɣ
л̫󡣡
̫ϣ֣߹ȥӡ
ǰͳ϶飬ŵԼףĻﰧҲͲ˵ߵֽ׼õǰһֱϵӣ͸㣬Ըͳ϶˳ģðұ
ͶĽĿ⡣
л̫󡣡
ֱ̫תƵϣϫҪˣ֪ҪӭȢļҵĹ㡣
վȺһɫã֪̫һֱϲԼ
ػĸӭȢ֮Ů¡
̫ͷãΪǿžģҪúô˼ҡ
񡣡
Ƕɢ˰ɣ漴˵ţǻع
ǣ̫󡣡ǰס̫Գ˺һ
̫󡣡
̫߹ǰɨһ۲δͣ²
뿪ӭȺ̫󿪿ڣȥѻʺ
ǣ̫󡣡
̫ʹ͵ӣЩԥôصĶ
ҪһȥԳϡ
°ɣĸ⡣
Ҳ̫ˡ
Ǿ֤ڻĸз
ǳǳһЦע⵽ˣдŨŨĵ⡣
ߵǸǰڵҴ飬̫ΪҺϫ֣ûɣ
ȻûС
Ǿͺãǻ
ԳϿ£˲١ֻ̫֣δ̫Ӧ
²μӣ֪ܷñɩҳš
̧ͷԳϣԳϵڣһҺͰһ㡣
УȻع
ϺԳͬʱͷµıӰİ


47

´Ǵӷǹȥ, ﶨҪųȥ̫˴ﶨ飬²ûһݵλ, Դųȥ
ּ̫, ﶨҲΥ, ֻ´Ӳųȥмһʡ
ӭ׶鲢ûôƴ󣬿Щ, 㡲δӭ, ֻڳɽŵȺ
Ҳµ档⹬ʮ, Ҫ÷磬Ҫꡣ֮մӲųδûӭӶڹſӭӣΪ˹еЦ
ﶨվڹԺԶȥȻ¡ߵﶨ, ĸ, ݰɣ
֪»᲻ң
ϻ̧ͷ, ͷ, Լѡ, δۻᶼԼߵġ
Լѡ, ִ֪硣
ﶨջߣϣţҲظɣ
ĸҾͻȥ
á
ϫ
ҹĻ٣еƻͨȼաڴϣĶ, Ⱥһһɢȥδ㡵ĽŲ
ЩͷˣüѸͷҿµȻ㡽ײ
һǣ㡺ȵʯϣع߹ȥƼ㡰ſϣǰھ
عתҪ뿪ʱͳվס
عļһֻͣ
һŵ̱ǵľζΰӰ֣ļסôҡ
ع¼ˣײô졣
£ˡ
ûŭһ
عŵָعҺȲѣû£ҲᱻȢˡ
ع۵׵ʹ
ףһϫ²ӭȢԼûҲ󳼵Ůֲ
ع֪ҵֻ㡣
عۿˮͻȻһѱס㡵֫˳Ƶͷȥ
-
ڻ鷿һҹŮ϶Ҳѹû뵽Լ»鵱ͱ䡣
ղˮ·ϻֹ˵ϫҹһѾ߷СҪ֪鰡
һžͱպҲ硣
һҹû˯Ȧ࣬黹Щ졣
үû
϶ӵĿһۣ֪µƢģû
ȸҸ¡
ǡ
ǰԺڴɨһһʰûйǣֱȥһȦİ衣
һźˣүأ
ء˵䣬˵Ŀ⳯϶ɨһۣ϶ʹ
ʲôѵүȥĶ˶֪ʱ±еĻð
ͨһأūŲ֪
ϸָͲټû֪ȥĶˡ
Ȼ֪ȥҡ
ˡ㡵⴫һ룬㿴߽ɨһ۵ϵˡ
²üɫ˼ЦݣŲȥǵүүû£Ҳͷˡ
ĿµϣͷϲŽҡЩ̫ȵϸ
ҹˣ˸طϢ˵䣬ɨ۵϶϶Դ׹Щܴ˵Ҳ
ͷͲ٣ס㡵󣬱㡱ܿͷһʧ䣬ǿЦţΣţ⻺⡣
ԼðɣȽ

ͷҲصתȥܻĶţԸүϢġ
ǣ
-
ڹſ£³ӱŮǹķȥҲƽϣ֪һֱĿˣ۸ڶűҳǹȥ
·ϣҰţ磬ūۣҹϫ
㡱ȢޣڵһжԼҵġ
ǹ
£Ķδ𴲡Ҳûȥ˼»һ죬Ҳˣֻõĸͷù֪ͨһ
õģ
֪ʱĶڵԼȻˣڵҲߣˣԼǾ͹ֲ
ߣϼﶨ飬Ѿͬﶨǰٹ̫밲̫ͬţ̫㡣̸֮¡
죬ȥǹĶٹ
ٹ»վ⣬óٹȻȥȻǾ͹ȥ
»վ⣬ѣȽɣ
лùá
ŽȥĶںȲ裬ɨһۡ¼״Ǹѣ𴲣ֻˡ
ϱĸ밲
ɣ
лĸתĲ裬ĳĶһݣĸǶϱ糿ģҲ֪ϲθڡ
ĶҲûŴһ⣬ȥָԡ
Ǽ䣬µϾǱ˽ʵʵһƣеۡ
ǣ
ʳЩקȥлˡ
Цȴڻӣܵỹȥ
ûµĻȻȥɣҪȥ̫
ǣĸ
뿪ǹ»ͷһۣһЩ˸ڽ¡
ϫ
ع߽£ĵЩ飬ҹԺи֣ܾöԲսŵ
ҴҪ߿ȴסʲô֣
عͣת±ϹϾū澣ع
´һ˵ζȥæɣ漴ʣ鵽𣿡
϶ҡͷǲ鵽Ҳ˵ʵҲû鵽ϫˣһ븮Ѿ߱ҲӸ
һ뵽糿ϫĶ˺ü¡ڹлôãǸˣԴ顣
ҧҧͲ⸮һ˶֪ҹļ䷿Ϣ
һ߹ºסϸ
೯ҾкηԸ
ҹүסļ䷿
ü΢šҹүˣ᷿
𣿡°Űɣ֪ҹү飬Ϊβү͵鷿С
үȵ࣬ʵǷһ飬û뵽Լ˵۾գһ¡
Խ̧ҿ֪ҹ飬Ҫ֪֪Լ´λ鷢ʡ
ǡ
߹వ̾һǰ²Ӧ֪ҹүع飬¡
һգ
̫ټӹһͬͻ̫عһСۣԽﶨ׼Ϊ̫ӷ磬̫Բ˷Ϊɾܾ
Ҳ㡺³ʱܶʡԽڼ
̫Ĺֱ̫ߣЦŵȵ֮Ҫѡ
һͷͲ
һߵҲ̲סһǱȺס
ĸСûߺú̷ѡ黹硣
磿ôʱүүˡ
״°ˣƢӹȥ¡ĸΪãллĸ
ҲԼ˼ڵҵŮµľǺס̫ҪѡȻҲͲȥס


48

뷨, Ƕ̫лĸ
ãʵۻʺкʵѡͳͳ͵ٹ, ҪúõĿ, Ϊѡ
, ĸ󡣡
̫ӡϫ̳ףҾȱ
ϺԳ϶һۡºȴò
㰧ȥ԰
ﶨ̫󳯺԰ȥ, ˸󡣴ʱĺ԰ȫ۵ĺҶ, Բͦ
̫, ߹ȥͻȻ³ţûӦȥ֫һƣ˵, ˮС
ϡ
ͬʱ, Ϊ˵߶ˮвδע⡣
ϲӾ, ˮвͣ, 뺰ˮ׹䡣
ԳϺһˮ, ˳ιȥԳȵ, ϣûˣߡ§סҸ½ߴ
ʧĿߵˣҲϰ
̫ĵĲˣȥ̫ҽ
ҵעˣҲôˮеġղŵȫС
ȵɢȥ鵲ס£ʹ, ´ٸҶ֣ݹҲ
ЦһôĿвңʲôʸвңһѣѲ㻹ܱ
˵ţҡҡͷҲ̫ˣ̫ӣֲ㡣
ЩģܺԼ
뿪һ
϶֪ݣҲ֪һЩţţǻǲҪȽϺá
ʲôһܰ
϶Ҷԡ
ΪֵͿ⹬ΪΪ֪߳ղŴˡ
ߵǰ·С
ǰڻʺ߲ƽϣҪơ˵ˣλþעǳٲҲ÷
һ仰Ҳ˵ָƤ֮С
Уʣˡ
ת߿õУᶨҪЩ˸ڽ¡
-
̫Ӹ
¸ûºԳϱ˸׼ࡣ
ԺжԼˮһ˺ԼϣֲͬһϾǵˮֵġ
³ӾԼֻԳϺ顣
뵽Ȼѵ
ʱű˴ƿԳϴ߽
ôﲻ𣿡
ľľҡͷĿһֱϣѵ
ԳϼһֱԼ£ʲôأ
ۿ΢΢죬ܲܺһϣ
ԳǳǳһЦֻϵķӦЩֵû룬ϡ

һֱסԳľס˫ֽЩ֪롣ԳΪˮܴ̼ˣӲ˫ļϡ
ôˣã
ϵͷԴҡҡֻеˣ֪Լ顣û뵽ԼһҲ
ΪʲôһֱԼ
̧ͷԳǳǳһЦеˡ
ó׼ࡣ
ͷһůͷֲδɿ
ϫ
ȻصĸУºȥ
߽˶үȥݡ
ţ֪ˡ
üͷһ壬벻ͨ㡽Լʲô¡
õ϶ȥԼ׼СģԸȥݡŸտȥһֻ豭űߣЩļ
Ƽ㡷ôĻ֪϶ǽŭװʲô߽ȥʣүôƢ
ߵ㡸ǰԼ⸮еŮ׼λϣһѱס۵
ȢֻһʽҪΪλͿҫ
ۣδֳһ檲֪үָ
֮£ҶšΪϹǵĶԹҲ롣űĶͲ֪ԼмＸ
Һ飬ҪȻˡ
˶˵ԳϹ飬ԭи֮ˡ
檻ΪүΪ˺ôүôһ˵Ҫǲ֪ģΪү̫أ
һָ㣬ֻһ⡣
Ǳ顣
ס
ɿ˦ֱߡ
µǿѾһ㣬£۵ĲСõֹо
ˮ˸գԳϴȥ۶Ҳ۶һģ
ˮ۶Ҳˣ챾˵ˮĳˮ֮С󣬵ϸȾ纮ǰԤĲҩȿһҩ˸ϽϷ¡
յе۶̫ӸϵҪһΪ̫Բ¡
Գϸ°סĵطҲû֡
ϷҩԳϵ»ǺܸߣһӣǾŰͰˮԼϳ壬ȥʪ·ñ屧ϸȥȡ
˼ˮʮֵӳܲס
峿һ͸ϻۣоԴЩģ˵ô¡
һͷ߰볨ѵˣ¶ʵţࡣ׼´һֵشϾ˯еˡ
˻ʵ
һͷ˵ʲôԼûλãѹеġߵĳ֡
ԳˣĶͷɿˡ
ôˣ
ȫ֪ԼεѹûʶԼա
Լն֪
ѹò̡
Ͽһޣ˵ң
˻һ˰죬˵ˣ
Գָһıòţá˵䣬ǱߵЦ϶ʱ׹־Ҫ
Գһ׽סǰ
ϣ
֣ˡ
ߵĲУϽ𴲡
ƮƮģŬվסһһ·ԳϻڴϣϺ㲻ϳ𣿡
Գһúܣû𴲣ҹôˮŹ֡
ճ
ĿǻʵۣԼȻӴҹҹϸ裬糯
аɣúϢϿҲûϢá
䣬£Щ졣
̫ҽ
̫³Ҿ
û˰ɣ
ҡͷûˡ
أ
ϻͷһۣš
֪ҹ飬ЩԳϣ˵ţҹˮ̫עЩĵ
΢΢һ㶣ôҹˮʵûʳڣס
Ҹҩ̫ǰʱã˷纮
õġ
¸Ǻվԭءһ˷䣬Գһֺֻڶͷϣһϥţ߽ţüĻšŵġ
׼һѾԳק˹ȥ


49

Ͼδ, ŷȭϴһ£ԳסԼؿڼװۣۡ
ϲ, 󱳱ѹ޷
һ
ϻǹԹſϡ
ϫ
عںԺϴ, ֵ, ϵΧȹϲ˲ū澲μ
´ع, Сұ, û뵽Ǹ, û뵽»֮ҹϫǺȹģԽԽȥѸеﶼµﶼعϴ
, 
ع΢΢, µĶϴ, Ǵ絽ϴꡣ
عһһ·ڵ, ҹ˯ˡ
ʲô𣿡¼ԭء
, û⡣
ûͺúϴ, ϴɾˡ˵꣬߳Ժӡ
е˿һĻ֪Щ飬û˸˵κΡ
عϴһ·ҹѾǵڶ죬վֱ, ˤȥ
һͰһͰûй·̾һЩŪŲϢ
ֽ·һһĹȻ֪վһˡֱ·ֱ֫˲ǰ
ɣȥϢ
عͷЦЦ
ãԼ
ǿ
ϫҹŻۣû뵽һԽе·ϴˡùе·ȥһߵʯ£үģϢš
عû˵ĵײ̫˵Ļʣµ·ϡŪ֮߹ȥ£ʲô㣿
عҡҡͷӱ㡴ûпǹδ
ǴŮñ˶˵ҲӦ֪Ϊʲô㣿
Ȼ֪
Ѿʼδֻࡣ
عͷ죬ôŷԺͷҹôϧֵ̫
֪ȥĶҲ뿪
࿴밮ɵѾͷ̫ãûȥ磬뿪϶һĶ
ٹ
ʺԼ¾̫У̫ἰ֦ɢҶ֮£Ȼ̫е˼ʩѹ
̫ᵽԳ֮¡
˵Ϊ̫ӸҪΪʼҿ֦ɢҶöźá̫ĽתƵϣ̫ð˵ǲ
ǵģĸ˵ĶԡͷģҲò˵
⵱ᣬѰ˼Ҳ檣˵ҡ
ʱ¿ڣɩ޸Ҳа꣬ôͲκζ
ɫ΢΢Σܶ˳Ժ󲻳¶ӾкϢ⡤
ϲⳤٹǺȥڵɩ֪ɩҪ飬ˣĺӲŻҸ
ǰ϶Ҳ˵Ҫ̫顣ﶨ˳ƽȥɹתƵԳϣʵάϡ
̫ҲЦЦûнץ¡
˳ٹﶨסϣߣ˵һЩΪһĸ飬ἰҲ̫ʱ飬ʱҲЩζҲ𽥷£ҵӲһ
Ǹ˵Ȼﶨ黰е˼Ҫ׼淡
ﶨֿվһˣµӿ϶ҲԼ߹ȥͣ
³⻹ûܹҪͱһͬǲǲ̫ܣ
˴˱˴ˣҲòȥҲЩ˵ˣЩҲ޹ء
µɫȷʵмѿ
˵ͬʱҲԼҲŮˣԼɷӭȢ˹ġ
㵹ĿҾǲ֪˽ź˵żṳ̂
ЩͲϫġ
𣿡
˿Ϊ¼κεˣҲˡϴεһҪл㡣
лԼ֪˭ȵԼ
סˣһʱûӦ˶˲ŷӦЦһתͷȥıӰ룬˲Ƿ˾ǲ˻ûá
ȻҪлԼв
鲻̫ãظͽݹŮ죬ʱʱָƺüΡ
ǰԳνԴ֪ԳǾԼʱе㲻Ը˷˽
ھûܿԣϢͨġԳ³֪֮е飬ظûкȿڲȥϡ
ƵָһѽеŮ쳶ȥû𣿡
ϲԳϿԼʧǵӣŬЦݣʲôʱģ
㣬û
š
̫˵˵ˡ
΢΢𾪡
ϡԳס֣㱣֤ҾԲ
ôܣ⡤
ԳһָֻѹĴϣЩ㲻ùܣһᴦá
ϵͷԴϣᴦõġ
Դӳٹ֮Ҳûȥ밲רڸŮ
һգűϽֲɹߣǰΧһ𣬱Щ棬ūȥơ
ȥɣ϶ߵ˹ܵĲϣǱҡ
վڽֱ߿С⣬ͻȻҺǡعεˡ
еܹȥҽعڻУ϶ЩȷԼѵ׼׼ȷűҵ
ϰع̫Ӹ˴ȷʵѵһ
عİĻñҶҩˣ
ǡعǰЩ죬Щ̫ȷ
ǱҰƽңǵ𣿡
عͷڡ
̫ӸεˣȰҩȥ̫ˣҪúõС
عӹеҩЩţüͷʲôҩ
̥ҩ
ѵ
عеϣ߽ôˣ
ֻع䣬عϴӴϹϸǰסϵ֣̫Ҫ˵ȥ

ӦҲ𡣡
ҴӦ㣬Һϫ˻ûҲ˿˵ġ
عϷڴϣȰţȹա
УҪϫȥ
塣
ģعû¡
Ҳǿ·ԼߵġñҽʣµҩװߣдһҩӸ
һҪúóҩ⺢Ӽпܲ
лл̫Ĵعġ
ңع
õġ
عӣ˳ȥ
عǰŽžͱס⼸ȥĶˣߵǰΪǲгȥ磿
ǵģ
ȥ⼸ѻ·ϴˣϴ겻׼Ϣ
ǣ
عԺȥվȴԿȥת࣬ᾶֱȥ
ҹعԺ·ƴϴ·಻֪ʱߵǰϴˡ
ع̧ͷһۣûϴ
һѳе·Ӱקߣȥү
ԣعһţ˦֣ҵ鲻ϸܡ
㲻ԼѵеĺҲˣ
ع𾪡
㡤ô֪
ҩҩӣҿҲȥʹǱ̥ҩ
عסͣ˿󼹽Ӳعţ㣬˵ȥ
ʱʲô
Ϥ˶عջ֣һ߽ǣĿһֱعϣƬ̲תƵϣʲô
ĩ
κν͡
үϸ£ū澡ع֪Լ˵ǸĴ
һû뵽ǻģմ˿zͶϣ
£ĩĴ
˿ͲҪ￿
వĿ⣬ĩס
뿪ʣ㡺عععķӦ㡣ֻЦһϲࣿ
ҡ
Ǳ£ϲɸ߱
˵ǣƫƫ˵ڡ
ջ֣ˣѲϴˣԻ˵
лү
뿪ع֪Լ࣬ƫƫֲͣôģֻԼ֪
íãԽԳϽӴ׼ʢᡣǰíͿսǱͿúꡣ
λܾűĿ⿴Լ
ʱվ˵Ǽ϶һ֪¿ɷ
ȻǿҲѧϰѧϰ
л¡ߵǰϹ֣֪ܷĹ֧衣
סֲܾ֪ôܾܺҲ׵
һԵԳɫҲá
˿ڣû뵽һѡ̫
һ£û뵽ôĹ̫ǸҪ֧裬̫Ӧò⡣
⡣ȷʵĺܡ
ϲѣǸˣ֪ϵݣΪôע֣ԼҾһ롣
ֻǰδĽӴͻȻһ仰Щͷԡ
٣㻹ǵ𣿡
ϣ
û
ϴΰ⣬㻹һȭҷŵˡ
ϣӼǴ˰ɣ
ô᣿̣Ҿܵвң˵ܡ
ϻˣʱ䶼ûгǣЩ顣
ӼǴˡ
֪̫ӵӣ϶ñ֪飬ģҲ˵ȥġ
ϣ
еͷԣȫ֪˵ʲô顣
صλϣϼԳɫã˵Ÿղ˵飬ҲǸӿ϶ϴˡ
˵ҴвҶûгǹô
ȻԳϵıǲŵġ
ˣȥҸȡ
ԳϵһѣЦؾ
飬ֻҵλС㣬ȻԼԳΣ
ǲΪһ˸Ѱ

ѩͻȻ̫ӸʱϲŸ𴲣û뵽ѩ˵ڼҺƣ뵽
Ͼڵѩת٣ܸѰ˼ҡ
ˡ
ɣüͷԳ糯ȥˣʲôƻΪԼǸɣ
ǳȥӭӡ
ǣ㡣
ߵԺ̨ףվŵˣʱӦϴˡѩĲģѩ㣬һ£ˡ
С
ŴҴߵˣŤͷֿϣȷʵмƣ߽ʱһ׼ڳֵˡ
̫˭
ҵãѩ
Ҳƽģ
ǵġ
һ
ϣ
û˵˾ˡ̫߳ӸĴѾˡ˸ӣֱƽȥ
ʢȨû³Ӣӵû뵽íӻϣӢЩִ٣Ҳ֪˵ʲôŶԡ
Ѿˮ͵ģӢʣ֪Ϊ£
ˡüͷһ壬⣬֣ʣǸǲǻи
Ӣ룬Ȼ׹ʵС
Ů̫𣿡
ǰŮһϣһ
Ʒ֣
ӢһΪϣȥ˵ҪԼϲüͷĴһųȥˡ
һɫĹ䳤˶߽ȥȻһЦСŮӡ
üͷһ壬ôˣ
ˣֻŮ
ǰ϶ûٵġ
ãȸˡ
Ӣͷԣղ˵ҪСŤͷߣѵǿϣôģ
ʲô۶ûԼһ۾˦ɫˣҪԼ
Ӣ׷ȥӣߡ
ͻȻע⵽תǴˣ·ɫ͸ղ̫Ӹһģһ˵׷ȥ
ӣȥĶ
Ӣߵķĵһ⡣׷ȥӣȥǱߣסŷӣһô죿
Ӣ׷˵ȥסӣһӱô죿
ӣȵȡȥ
ӢҲ׷ȥҲʶʲô߽ѩסԺӣδˣߵÿ죬ס񣬡ӣǿȥסŷӣһҲ𡣡
ղҿи߽
ôܣֻסһӣбˡ
Ӣһһڵķ˵Լһֱ߳ȥװʲô֪ӡ
񿴵߳ȥŤͷۼϳԼֱӴڵϣǱúܡ
Ӣ״ĵŻ˻ˣ󶼻ˡ
Сû°ɣ
ҡ
Ӣָѩӣûһô죿㵱𣿡
룬ʲôݺһ١
Ҫ߹ȥӢסǧ򲻿ɣ⡣Ӣָָӡ
⡣
ģ
ᳯѩȥѩͻȻ˹һߵˮȥԺ˶ɵۡ
ͣԭأһʪ͸
ѩеӣţú棬ú档󱿵ˡ
Ӣ޲ðѩϽǰû°ɣ˵⣬ƽϡ˸׼һɾ·Ȼ϶ġ
󱿵Ͻ߰߰
ƺʲôʲôҲû˵תߵ
ӢݺݵѩԺӡ
ֲҰѩ˭ҶѩֻᱻץˣȻҰˮϣݺݽѵ
ҹ
ڣϱ˭
󱿵
һЦȥšѩվ棬˽ϡĹţ٩ţû뵽ȻԼװɵӣ˼
䣬һֻذĲϣ˵ȥҾɱ㡣
Ҫÿϵذףѩս׼ˣֻҪ˵ȥҾ͸ɱ㡣
֪֪ȷ¡
ѩذס
ͦΪʲôҪװɷӵģ
ѩһ꣬Ű꣬һԺӳرˣû뵽ˮĸʶúõأ϶Ⱥ
Ѻĸ׾װɵȻܲúõػڣһѧһ
Щʵġ
档
ҪǸҰҵ˵ȥҲɱ㣬ûɱ㡣
ָָԼûзΪʲôҪɱԼɣ
ɣ㵽ǲӣԼ
ԺһʺţȻˡ
ڳҡ
񣺡·ôͳɴˡ
ͦģһٷôɵӣ
Լе˵ˡ
£ȿڲ裬˵ҲʲôٷҾͦ濪ҵģҵȼٰǣ˽û뵽·ˣԼģҺ㣬ܡֻ׷㰡û뵽ȻΪǽٷˡ
һоͳ˽ٷˡ
ѩһû֤ݣ˵ٺãҲš
㰡㣬䱸ôߡʲôҸ㣬ǲѣ˵ġ
㣬һŤ˸첲ʲô
ûĸ첲šϡ
ǰһŮô󡣡
Ҫܡ
ҿԲܣңΪʲôҪװɵʵһͦõġ
˵ѩֽذó
ˣúúãҲ˵Ǻúúȿڲ裬Ȼ㣬һŮڽϻҲȫ
ҪסԼͣ㲻ӵҲ˵
ҡ
ǡ
ԼѩҪȥѩһѽŹϣˡ
˵ȥƽܾòܡѩߺһֱ룬ȥѩĿԱȽϴ
ô
𴲣׼ȥƽѩЩ黹ҪúģƩ飬ȻôһĽ
δ߳žסĸۡӸƽС˵Ϊѩʱɫ˱䡣
СŮӵ¡
ɣ
Щżȥƽѩǡ
СŮӵȥϷ֪ӵ¿ɷʱ䡣
һ룬ܴ˽˽ѩ
У߰ɣ
áѩϲȷĸ˵ģӶԼ뷨ģһҪúץס
һ·ϵϷѩ飬ȫ̶˵ѩҪֿʱ˵ѩС㣬Ҿñ̹ϣȻ⣬ٲᱳ˵ˡ
ͻȻתĻ棬ɫȻһ䡣
УҶһ˼ûУԲپĴ磬˷ʱϡ
ߵһԭأĵᣬʲôʱܹô裬һӱãȵùҪʲôʲôᣬؼǷӡ
ظѩķ䡣Ķˤңѩ侲ĿţֱתȥһˮȥֱӴͷȥ

С
С㣬ôˣһôʪˡ
ѩҪƴ˹ȥѩݵĶ㿪һţˤһʺ
ѩ㡤Ƕ۸ҡ
ڴС㡣Ͻ˰Сȥһʪ͸
ߵ˶ߺϺݺݽѵѩ´Ҳ֪СѩǶǣֻί̣֪𣿡
ѩסϵ֣ģСѩᱣԼѾСˣǰ鲻ٷ
Сѩôǰ̫ﻹڸлᱣǣٻ֪Ƿ顣
Сѩ
ҡҡͷˡ
ֻҪúõأͷġԺҪС㣬ҪӳףԺ֮ǵӸࡣ
ѩһЦҪûǸ
Ϊ˵Ļѩҹȥһ
˵ҪȢ
˭˵ģ
ˣҾ㣬ҪǸȢҶ㲻ӵ˵
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㲻϶ҲйϵȻ㲻ܴí˾íˣǲӣ
סˡ
ģȢ㣬ҲȢ
ѩһۣס
ģȤí˾ϲˬԵŮӣ̫壬̫벻˱ۡ
ѩЦһԼӣĳƺ˳ڡ
ĻӦ
ԳϽӴ̫ӸڵΪ磬Ҳμӡ
ϯ䣬˵Ȣһȥ
壬ȴҲģ޲ðӵĹﶼơ
죬ͱ϶
糯󣬻ƽɽԳ˵Ȣ֮£пѡ
ӿֻǺȶһʱ𣬲ûжҪϡíֻһСǼ޹Ҫί󳼵ŮѡĻƽҵǧҲûʲôӵġ
޼ǵҲиŮ
ǵģֻϧСŮѾԼ⡤ƽɽ񾭽޵íһôûС
ȻлԼȻԧ졣
΢лϡ
̫ӣʲôõѡ
ة˵ĶԣǼ޹ȷίϾĿǰ˵λ̳ߣǼ̳˻Կǡ
ԽҲ᲻ԼĹ޹ȥíһĹںͲ̫˾סǹȥ᲻ϰߡ
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Գѯʲôѡйѩ飬ֲ˵ԳҲ֪ѩ⣬϶ѩֱȥ
ֻԼڣϸԳϳ˸⣬ԳϾÿԲɣֱӱȥԽҲΪʡ¡
ССᣬĿľҪԼѡѡԼ
ϣٴҲԼŮŻᱻС
ϣԽ𣬡ӺϲǿŮӣ֪ӿɷпеģӿϣ޿мˡ
Сȸл¡Сȷʵиѡ
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СƽҵС㣬֪ܷȫ
ԽЦӺ۹⣬ҶС̫СҲǳˣ黭ͨ
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£СеǺС㡣
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Խﶨ飬Щֱֲ˵ƽӣί˵޾ӿٿǿǡ
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ԽЩΪѣҲУӿȥ޾ּ⣬
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㻹ǵϴ𣿡
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ȷҪӭȢѩּѩΪƽ޸ʥּں֡
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50

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֪̫ݵʧԶӭ
Ҳض񡣡Ŀ, Լˮ֮, һҲǴ˵ȵԼ, һȴǸϣԼ޸顣
ԭĿԼ޸Գϡ
֪ѩҲǸڡġ
-ΪѩӴ֮£ѩ״, ҲҪǻ׷Ŀ, λݸ, еڡҲϣСأСƢҪ
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Ӣһѣ˵Ķԣѩ, ĸ׵Ŀ϶һͬ, ѩԼŮ, ޡ
Щ, ʺѾΪѩ׼üױ
Բ, ôõƫƫһ, ͷӲʹ졣
ȥѩ
ãȥó׼ţԷ
ϵͷűҳԺȥ
ŲҲƾʲôǸܼ޸ӣұô, ƫƫҿӺѩһ⡣
Ӣסͣ˵
޸̫ӣǸҲ޸ӣأôأ
ģõĿ϶ںͷҺΪɫġ
ܱȵ̫ӺӣҲš
ʧˣͲ񿴵ѩһӶԣ۹Ҳõȥ
ǡ
Խ룬ͷµԽš
ѩ̸нŲֹͣ⡣ϴӷ϶ȥǰϡ
漴𣬡ѩ𣿡
ڵģϽ㡣
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ģڣһʱġҲǻ׷ĿﲻҰġ
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ûһҲᶮѩΪʲôҪװ裬ڲ˵
ѩ֪ˮǲģ
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ѩĿĵסݣԶԶͿľͯԺɨҶѩ߽ȥͳЦŻ֣ľֱͯӽɨѶһߣŤͷȥɱĻģѹ
ѩЩʧ䣬Դȥʦ
δ̧ͷֻǵôôˣ
ͽʦ
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ѩ߱߻ͷͣľͯЦľͯеĵߣ뽫ǰе·
ѩҲġ
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㣬Ҳ޸㣬ҡ
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𾪣⾩е˭֪֮ӣѧһɫ֮ͽҪǼ޸³ˡ
ͻȻЦû뵽һ޸֮ӵģһܶ鶼һһΪҲ᲻һû뵽
үӢץʢȨһѣʢȨҲҿ˵
Խϥǣãƽ鲻ˡмҽ㣬Ǿͬһ顣
лϡ
ޣʲôֻּ
һϵ˶뿴Ϸ˵ͱѩˡʢȨӢ֮˶ⳡᡣɣϺǵҡ
ȥڵĶһ飬⻹Ҫܵѩ֣ѩվһ߿ңҲûмֵǮĶ
ڵԼС󣬿ѩ޶ԵؿԼȥסѩ죬⣬ΪһӾܱˣȥɡ
ѩһ֣㲻ܣҲȽá˭֪ɵĶǸʲôˣɫȶģδӦûܾʡ
㡭Ҫѩѩ׷סѩһƣĴġ
Ҵң
㣬Ҫݣڿǻ׷Ŀ
ˣѩѹû裬ʲôʲô֪һֱװ衣
Ҫȥߵû裬е鶼ġ
ȥõ롣Ƶֻ־ָģõں
ѩݡ
ҺݣҺ̫ˣʱʮܶ¶֣˵˭ݡ
ҧû뵽ѩʲôô꣬ˣȥ
⣬Ҳ޸ӵġ
ѩġŶһҵŶ
ͻȻһѴѩĻƿϵƬӣԼֱϻһţѩҪɱҡ
䲻ã濴ӢʢȨӢѪֱۼۣС
ѩʢȨ״һ
ѩû뵽ֶԼƾͼơ
ղŽ̼ң˵ѹȢҡ¡ѩô죿Ըղܿƻ˽㡣ȥҴҿҩһ˵㡣
ʢȨѩôһ˵ⶼʲôѩûµġ㲻ȥĲԣӵ²дġ
ɵۣȻ

ұ졣
ѩתͷһЦݣҪѪ

51

ϫ
عϴһ, ʹǰ軹ûϴѣ̾һߵˮ, ˮͰȥ, þȫŽˮ, ͷĺˮˮȥ
һͰһͰ, ͻȻ, Сһʹ, ʧȥմˮֱӴлڵϡ
СԽԽʹһֻץˮԵ
عܹ§ס
ع۵ɫɷɷ, һֻץ, ͷˮͣð, ໳˹ȥ
عϽ
عߴ粽, ֱعѹ
ˣ
عתͷ, ׼, ఴסļ򣬡š
֪Լڿ϶ܲ
˵뱣סӾͲܼɻҲ
⻰عۿĵ׵ǸǶˣʹֹסӿ
ӿ϶ס
ع˼, 뿪
ǡ
𣿡ع
߿϶ߣһ㡣
عԥ᲻뿪ϫǲ뿪ӿ϶ס𽥴ϫ֣ᷢ϶
뿼ǿǡ
С֪һʱˣ㾡ȷվƽ飬ǲڸõʱ
šعԼĶӣ΢ǵ֪ԼлĺҲδػӭȢ
Դ򱻴ͻɵĶӣڼڣ²ðѩǱǸ߸˵׼ޣߣӢ׼ٺö˸顣
ӢͻȻ뵽һӣѾߣŹϡ
Си취㲻ü޵ȥ
ʥּˣʲô취
Ӣһö뷨
ûӦ
ԣ취ѩŪΰˣʱĻΣġ
һ۾ôû뵽취
ǰôû뵽
͵ţȥ׼
ллŮδȫˡ
ȻŮҸ͸ˡ
Ӣô˽Ϊʲô鶼
ǰϦ
ѩ˫ڴϣذףѾüϢû˵˵ΣѾҲͲѩԸ˯ˡ
ԴװԺչ˵Ѿ߾ûһĵģ۸ġδ߷ѾߣһûȥԼҲĹġ
ѩĽŲӦǻоˣȽŲԶѩеذף´Ӵ⴦һ棬ȷû˲ſųȥ
ߵס棬ֽеҩŽȥҩҩرǿӾͿ˽˯ߣʮʱܻѡ
ڵŰ˸ʱһӵʱ䣬ŽȥֱߵĻǰóذףϵ»һִϻһһ䡣
ѩջصԺſڣѩӺ棬ע⵽Ӣߵˣû뵽ﵽҲŹҺ׼
ѩֱתȥмʱҪ뿪ͻȻЩ᲻ãǵСĺãĿ
ΪЩãʹＵʣΪǵж
ˡȻҲԶȻùǱסˡ
ʱǱѩе˱ѩڴԼϵļаסһֱסһűס
۵໴УѸ˾ѡ
ѩʱȥʢȨӢﶼԺ˹ڵϣӢǡ
ѩȥˣϵ£ۿʪˡ
˯ţȥɢˡ
û¾ͺá
ѩŵϵˣô£
ʢȨѩû£Ҳû׷뵽Ǵϲ£ûʲô£Ǹһͷ
ôˣͱˣȥϢ
ţ˵Ļ𣿹ȥ
ѩϡϵļа壬רкӵģѩûסЦ
ȻûˣЩϢкܶ顣
ǣү
ӢûаѩץסõĻᶼˣֻ뷨ӿûʱ

ӢѩУԲ˵˺ܶףĻ
ѩǴһģ㳢һ
ѩӢݹԲ϶⣬ûšֽӹлл
ȳԡ
ѩ֪ԼҪǲԣӢ϶ݵġɨһ룬ͻȻһ£ˮֱϣѩһһɣϣˤĸϡ顣
ӢݺҧҲֻš
Բ𰡣һƬ⡣
û£˾ˣȥ㡣
ãߡ
Ӣ߳ѩԺӣѾ߼ææ˵ˣС㺰ѣô죿
ʲôӢϲϽ
˯úܳ˺ܶ෨ӶûаŪѣۿżʱҪˣѩǱ߶׼Ҫˡ
ѩļʱǰ棬˾Ҫ
˳˸⣬
Ӣ˼Ҳֻ취ȻôС
ۣѹţʲô۰
һҪ㣬ô˯ôӭ׵Ķ鶼ˣ㻹ûѡ
ʲô´ױ
ѾˡӢ̾һҿŮֻм޵ҡ
ҲҪʮֵֿǲǻû𣿻һϣ
嵽¼ǰ׼ȡǰһĻ
ôˣ
Ӣ첽߹ȥϲ˼棬ô˭ģ
ô찡ûϣˡ
죬ȥСһǳ޵Ĵӣôûϲ
ˡ
ܼ޸ӣֻȥҡ
ʱˣһƬңû׼Ǳӭ׵ĶѾ·ˡѩƣû뵽ûд硣
Сϲˡ
һѩʱ˵Ļ㣬Ϸҿˣҿԭ˵
û˾ûˣȥһ
һߵǰ˵ɣϲ뽭ģܱ𣿽Ҳˡ
ǣ޲޶㡣
㣬Ѫ
˵ѩϲȻѾǼϲǼֵǵģ㣬˵
ÿּܳͷҲãﶼ޹ϵ˵ǲ㣿Һһֹ㣬Ǿˡ
һ仰Ҳ˵ּһ룬ֻмޡ
ϲûˣˡ
ֻҪܼʱޣûʲôġﲻѾȥϲױ磬ʱ䡣⻨ǰһӽҲԼҵˣҪԼɷΪģԡ
ȭͷһ뵽޸һɫѧ֮ͽͺ޲һͷײû
Ӿпվˣһжֽ㣬Լô䵽޸һɫ֮ͽ
һжԹĵȼ


52

鲻Ըϻ, һ·󸮿޸ͣ˶Ϊ᲻óޣⲻ֪޸ɡ
һص, ү, عһûڸˡ
㡶סŲ, ˣ𣿡
ҹ, ûҵ
, ˦Ӵ󲽳Ժȥ, ƿµķţںȲ裬ûŵļ
ž
û˵, ϽʵʵһơסԼ, ŵĿ, ƾʲôң
Сʱܹί
عŪĶȥˣ
һЦ, , ô󶯸ɸԭΪǸС, ˲ˣͳҷ𡣡
Ϊ֪㣬Щع飬һֻ۱һֻۣû뵽ԽԽôߡ
һϴ·ʴȣ϶Ҫ
ˡ
һ, ĺס˭ôģ
һӱס˺ɫ죬һ˫ץ㡵֡
Ķˣ
ǡҡ¼ѵ˵
㣬˭
ġҡ
϶߽±סӣеĶүſ
Ѿ촭ˡ
үٲûġ
Ѫ𽥰һϢ֣µ˼ҿԡ
Լķ֪ȥĶˣȥĺ¡
ԣ㡶˵תӡ
һµԲʣû°ɣ
ҡҡͷղ㡲ҪΪһ澾ȻҪɱֻңѵȲһѾߡ
ǵûһһѾʲô
մڵǰס죬ҧгݵعŪĶȥˣ
֪㡣Ҳδ
ԴūžҪġ
ԣɿղ˵Ļû뵽ġ
ΪʲôҪң
£ū޻˵ƾү
Ķ
Ĭ
㣬Ķ
ūŲ˵
Ųɱ㣿
ɱңҲ˵ҲԼ
ࡣһѽϵļಱϡ
໺ۡ㡼ҲԼһ̧еĽһߵš
ڵߣҲҵ
ۣȥıӰ
ԳǰϷݿɿϢϷפؾڲص⣬١ûж⹫Գϴ˴ǰȥǱװǰУЯڻ
ϵǵİΣͬС
ԳϽҲǴߵģĸ˶书Ȼ̫ᣬܷԳܣܾˣᵢг̡
;һСسǣԳǿٱˣȥ
ǣ¡
ȥأ£˵ǹټŮ
Ȼ顣ԳϺҲ
Գ߹ȥٱһŮӣŮƴϵʯͷһȥ۵֡
ٱͷ-ģҶ¡
͸ҷŸɾ㡣Գ̧ʾ˵
ҵҪʲô
ϵϸڵϣȾҿŮҪҵŮץȥү檡
ٸҶ˵һ䣬ӸͷٱԳϼͷģ󣬡ûʲô飬ǲ
˻˵꣬һ첽˵ĸ첲תһȦ۵໽У󡤡
ȥǴˣűְԳ˵
һڶԷĴϣ
ߡ
ллˡĸŮzڵϲͣ˵
İɣǲˡ
Գϲ뱩¶ݣ˵˼뿪ȥ飬Ǽ·
ǵϷûȥӪڳһȦҲΪ˵췴
ϷЩսңʳȽϳ棬ģ˲ͬڲҡ
ԳȥѸ˵ܱǵġԳϾԷϸ˽һĵҲ˸ס
ߺϺӺʣ¿ʲôõķӡ
и취ǲ֪᲻ϣ
취һ
ʲô취
Ҹ˴ԳϿ飬æһؾ򸸻ԳҲȷǸӳģһǰ֣òʧ
ӵ°š
ȸ˵ˣͿԻؾڼ䣬ϣܰһ顣
ǣס
ú󣬵ڶһֱӴżʥּ˸ŪĶԷһֲԷֱӱԳϸƣ
Դعߺ¸Ǳ䣬ҲδǰȥҪԱ񣬺üػŶûȥ
һգûΪ¾ͼ½ĵĶĸϱġ
°ɣ
µͷ
̫Ӻ̫ȥϷ֪
ϱ֪
ɨһۣûȥʺУ
ϱЩӶûš
𣿡ǰסʺݶҪǵãȥ
ϱĸ̻塣
ʺڵԽԽ飬ܵа
ĸģϱϫµġ
ͷЦţ˵˵ô
̫ӵǻʺ
΢΢𾪣ڲȻ˼ײˣҪԻʺ֡ȻԻʺϾĹùãôµ֡
ôˣ
񣬡ĸϱû¡
Ҫ֪һһپٵĵ
ϱס
߳ǹһ²ͣĶԻʺ²֡˫ֽһ
ݸԼ϶ƴԼˣԺôȥҵڡ
ȻǷֵܶ顣
»δ߳ǹȵȡ
첽ǰҲĻүƣõķӣҲغδһ⹬Уܿܶһ˲ȫС
϶˵̸΢΢ɨһۡ
ϢȻȥӡ
֪ԼʩѹȥҲŹףѡһ̾Ӧ֪ѡ
޸ϫһߵˡ
˫һ𣬶ߵ˵ʲô
ūʲôҲû϶ǸˣȻ֪Щ֪ҲҪװ֪
ҵˣ볤͹ܺ졣
ūס϶Ĳģ±


53

ԳϽϷ鰲źñ̻ؾ, ߳⣬һȺ˽Χסν
̫ӵ, ϷһձҪ, ̫׵, ûкúд
Ͳ鷳ˡ
ΰôɲô򵥡
ǵ², ͵ˡ
Գһ, Ҳȥأ
ΰɨһԼ, Գ˼ǲȥҪ
ŵʶʱˡ
û뵽ְλô˸㣬ǲ֪Ѿͷˡ
ΰһ, Գ϶ϻ, ̫ӵ뵽ȥ
γ, ҿ˭ҡ
ϡ
ΰ˿¡
ĵһͱһ, ϵĽȥ, ס
ܿ, Ҿ֣жһȺˡ
ΰϲָ£ץŮġ
ԳһϽɱΧ嵽ߡ
һֻһȺ˴ӳ¾ͽΰ׽˷ΰ
ԳϽڷΰĲ, ̫ӲҪѡ
ΰһȥǹʵۣһᱻ
Ѻȥܡ
ǡ
ûˣ
ԳҡͷϷģ˶ǷΰĸСı˷ߡ
ףճ£Ϣһ죬̣Σ
Գ˼һ£뵽ղ˾ţš
ǹ
ﶨԺ޽Ŷ֦Ѿ˵Բȥϫ£̫Ӻ̫ҲڣڵĻһ֡
Уū澾ȥ롣ūҲ˵⼸ʮԲġ
ǰڿǺʹȥɽϿܾ־ܰץ
ǰ˵Ǿĵط
ţ׼һЩ°Եĵģȥ¥¡
áЦŻӦ£Դ޺Ҳûعǹ
ϫ
飬϶дʺһ¡
±ǰſŵģֱ壬ţ֪ˡ
⼸գĻƵ˯ţ󲻹ϫǰӶѹ
¾Ĵһȥﶨ飬ܾһжǼԺиԹ
ǹùã޸硣
ԼһУ˵ĶԣֻΪԼĲõĶ߾ﶨ顣
¿æ˿Цų֡
¼ùá
Լˣؿһϸ¥¡
š
ﶨźһϫ飬ϫٶĲ˵á
ﶨҲˣ¹ȥί
˸¥²ŷֻﶨ飬ùûһ£
鷳˶ӣҲ¡
¿һΧ·ѹѹһƬõʱ
Բ£ܻǵҹգ죬ҲԲ
ùûǵã
ǵȻʱ򱾹ҲСͬʹ󲮾ȥ⿴ǣǱҸʱ⡣𽥻𣬺ǣе̽ЩĲ֡
ùûǵúҵ
ţСģҲ游ĸ۰ģκΡ̸ˣﶨͷ
¿ֻ÷̣ô飬ҲԼô
ùãߵȥ̸̸ﻰ
аҲܾûк̸̸ˡﶨ˿ûз֮ġ
δߣ¿һۣҲ֪Ȥȥ
ùÿ֪˭
ﶨ΢΢һ㶣תͷ
ЦЦҹǳùӦ֪ģ±ⲻϫ
ϫѳףҲġ
ƫƫŲ¡ϵЦɢȥù֪磬ȴƫƫΪıˣԭù㲻ϣºá
ﶨɫ΢䡣
֪ùþ䲻ϱ磬ʲôãƽĸ磬ܶԱжİ
¡
ﶨû뵽»Լ
ùãƫģҲҪ޸ϫҪϫ߱һС
㡤ﶨȻվʲôʱ
ʲôʱ򣿡ɫùΪҪؿǣԴô˵ģ˷ҪͻҵĺùùãĪ㶼ˣ
ﶨȻˮ
Ҳ²¹ùΪʲôһȥΪùþΪʯӰϵ
£Σ㲻
ԣǶҲȴ˺ҵ飬ΪʲôҪӲҵİˣ
ҺͱףһҸҲԹùܺãƫƫҪᡤ
ʱ£ﶨӼᶨԼ
Щǲᣬ㻹ǱĺֶŮ
һлˡ
£ﶨ黹δӦһƣײϣֱˤˣˤȥڵϡ
մһ߹һĻ
¿ĿӸ¥ﶨȥĲͣסתһȥ
վס
ͣЪ֪¿϶Ҫɱڣƴǰܣ֪иطиڣȥͨüطҪͨסĵط
¼ȥû׷ȥ뵽˸ڸǵİ취
첽ߣѾ˷ﶨ飬ܹȥùãùá˹ȥһ˲䣬ָﶨıϢѾûˡ
ܺã޶֤԰Ƹ

ϡϡ
ȱѣԽЩꡣڵĵȱŮСŴڵϣϣʺްˡ
ʲôԽʧɫ´¶ûֱܳȥ
ʱܵ˷ſڣͣţſüͷ壬ôˣ
ϽȥţﱻºˣҪڡ
ô£ȥ
ȥ򷽴˵ˣţȳȥ
ʱˡ

ȥ漴𣬡ˡ
ʲô£𴲣ȥš
ʺްˡ
ڰ᲻ͣĻ䣬סԼͣ·
ȥһ·
ǡ
ţߵˣ
£Ҫȥ߻ϡ
סǧȥȥֻ·һȥ
ǵģҲֻ֪Ҫȥ϶ᱻŪʱ϶Ϊʺ󱨳ס̫ӵ»δ
ȱô࣬ȥ
ϵǹŮһŹڵϡ¸ڴͷ޵ȥ
ԽԸȥڵҲҪ׽
һǡ
ùöùôãƫƫƫƫù¥úݵġ
лҪ˵Ԥġ°˻ʺ󡷵רղءôô
Ϊһȴһսбй˧²
ƽͻȻ̫Ծ
ûѺóԺúȹš
ڵ£µǵйʵҪȢ
˹ˣĸˣ
ҪȢԼĵйʵۣӵɵʵ۾Ȼ°Ļ쵰
Զ磺ҪȢ㡣
Ǻǣ޹޻쵰
Զ磺

54

Խʹʧ, ȫҵͳͷ
鵽ķУ˲עϽϻȥлһƬ, е˻߶ʱСŽŹ, Ƿ
Ҫȥ
ôȥϫһҧ㽫¸¥ġ
ҧ, ֪»Լϡ
ȫҲǰȫĵط, Һи, ʱֻܶ, ȷͷȥ
ҲҪҪȥˮա
㲻ҪΪﱨڹжҪץˣһȥϫ˵û, Ψһİ취, ȥ̫, ˭Ҳס㡣
ҧŴͷ, , һ̶Ͳˡ
컹û, ѲȥϵһľƿһͶȥ֪𣿡
š
ȥߣⱻɡ
Ͻ뿪ǹʱҲˣʺҲáվһ, ˵ţҲ֪̫ȥˣ˵̫Ѿ뾩ˡ
֣ܿһ˵ž飬֪֪֪е顣ߵŮŮܿ뿪

һΣεͬԳȥսԳ˼¡һ±ѣ
ΧĻɿҺΡ
ʱ
˭Щᷳ
үš
Żƿ´ű˺ʲô£ϵġ
ǡίϢʺްˡ
˲䣬ɫ䣬һѾס˵죬˵ʲô
ʡʺȥˡ
ţûɥӣôȥһƿܳȥݵĵѱѾȦϡ
ʺ󡤡
ͷ
ôܣ
˵ģ̫ӷɸ봫顣
ԴһƬհףôܵˣ뿪̶գʺš
Ͻȥ̫ӴţʰʰȹſǾͽ
صĵͷתӡ
ɥҲʱ

Գ˵⣬ҵɥס
ô£ϳԳϿһۡ
Գͷһһͷ뵽̫󣬡ǿ
š
˿ӱ޽ڣһǾۡ
˵ʺǱԼߵĹ˸¸¥ˤģ̫ˡ
Գɫޱ䣬ӳϻȥ
¡Գϳ£Ͻ׷ȥ
һ·ſڣſڵĻǣסϴɥԼҵɥᦡԳһ̱ϣ쳤Хĸ󡣡
¡Գʹʮܡ
ӹܳڵϵԳϣ棬磬ҶԲ㣬ûչ˺
ô£ԳϾס졣
˶˵ùý¸¥ģѾȫźܿҵùò鵽򡣡
Բܡϵһţùòܺĸġ
ҲţһҧùΪ
£
һʺͻȻҹڴȥģҲһ˵ùΪ֤£ԣ϶
磬Ƚ
ǹ
ﶨ鰲ڴϣ·ֻ˯һ㡣Գֱֱڴǰĸ󡣡
磬ڰ
ԳѪӿ£»һͻȻԳϵıµĲϣŵõڵϡ
磬ΪΣ
˵ĸ󵽵ôģ
ù¥ġ
˵ùĸӿǴģͬôܣ
¹ֱӣǱ粻ţʵʱĹŮǶ֤ùΪΪʲôҪܣ
ԳڻʺǰɱˣȰ˵ţ£Ȱѽ£ġ
㣬֪йϵһȫʬ
ɫһףŵ˫ֽ߬һ
ȥҵϵĹŮԳϡųȥϵĹŮȫˡ
ûһã𾪡
ûУȫԾ
ôһ϶⡣ĸ£ʱߵĹŮֶԾˣùʧٲ㲻𣿡
ɩڻɣ
ҡҡͷڻɣû֤ݡ
Щ˰ҹùãֻҵǲŻ֪ࡣ
ţǿɸϻģ
ɸ룿ûп
֪ųҸǷ˷ɸ룬Ϸˡ
֣ǣЩ죬û뵽֣Ҳߵˡ
ţҺ罻á
ϵͷȽȥ
߽ȥһߵ˴ӹսǴһҵͿûš
ﰲŵ𣿡
Ѿˡ
ܳȥ·ڶסڡ
ǡ
ֻҪһ˭Ҳ֪ģµҲû֤ݡ
ﶨްŵϢǣﶨԼӡӱ޸ϵﶨһ̡
ﶨﶨҲš
ﶨﶨ۵˱뿪ǣԳչƣȰ˵ҲУ˻𣬵Ų˵Գо̳ڵϡ
ȾĸܻҲȣǾĸҲز
ȥߵԳǰ֪ĸȥѹڲѹʱĸԲģҲҲֻܿȥࡣУĸһλؽһս
Ҳھǣʺһߣ⳯϶ᱻֳɣʱѵǣл
Գϵ£ڲѹʱ򣬻кܶҪȥ
֪ǰһڻʺȥ֮·ߵжѡ
ϱס
ŵѾҵĵط˻ûҵϲµֿܣùÿӳ˹
Ҳġ
˯ˣĸȥ̫󡣡
ǰ˭뵽ͻȻްˣúð磬ùõһ⣬ҲҪʬ
ϵͷùӳ϶ҵ¡
϶ģȻȥ
м顣
˵
˶ϫĶ¡
Ѿ˶ŵġ
ţ·Сġ
ǹ
ĶᴵŲ裬ģһڿ£û뵽㻹µȥ֡
ĸ̵ĺãһĵϱס
ھͳҵ𣿡
δ϶⹬Уܲ˵ġ
ĶͷҪҵУȻ̤ʵ
ףκҵ군
㡶Űţʺȥ󹬲ŲǺ¡ĶժСϿܵĻ䡣
ţүġ
ȥɣˡ
ǣĸϱˡ
һߣǰͿʼˡ
ܰԼĹùɱˣʲôεģֻȨܱգҲɵŮ˲öԸ


55

ʹ϶, ϡ
װһӷһ·СߡѾһдãҹˮҪȥ, ˮͰ֮гȥ
Ħ, Ͱǵſڡ, ˮͣͣ
ֻǰ漸, Ķûм, ˳˹, ͷɿ
صˮ棬žͺʹɢ
ùáСڽ漴ˮǱ򿪣ù, ڰȫˡ
, лл
ùÿ, ⱻ֡
Ͻһȥ, Ҫȥ̫Ӹ, СҲˮһȥ
һ·, ܾ˸Լñĺܵͺܵ͡
ͻȻһӰǰͫ׷Ŵ󣬡һ
˴һѪӿѪֱӽڼϿʼܣڡ
̫Ӹ
һجΰ, ԳҲѸôˣ
һֻסؿڣԳϣղεùñɱˡ
ζѣġԳĺ󱳡
ǲ̤ʵûʲô鷢
Գû˵ĿֱֱŴᣣߣΨһܸİο顣

ƽɽվ飬ʺѾȥλһֱ飬֮²˴
Գɫ΢䣬ڣʺߣЩ̫˰ɣ
Խ̾һ˵ĶԣЩݺ顣û£˳ɣ
ͻϡ
ԴﶨްţԽ˿ϲ٣ٷޣ飬ȴûȵ
Խվڳϣյǻʱʺվﳩ˵ҹ
ȴһ뿪
ϣˡ
Խ̾һ⹬޵ľ
ʺȥҲ̫ѹҪ
߰ɣȥǹ
ǡ
żնҪԽԽЩ۶˵ֱ÷ӵЩžǺةһġ
ѹû޷УȻҪУ޾װ׵֪ǵ̲⡣

㿴һģ޲ٿԽеڵϣǡӵ߽˵ǰ
֣ϵۼɨһݡ
˭ǻˣ

֣ܵͷ
ãûʺӡ˭ã
ó˵֣ܽе۷ڰϣλλ൱۵λͼ϶ѡҪԼǸ˼ҲܸϾ
֣ܴӲ֮£ԺʹҶദĺãҲûã˹в
Щ϶ѡΪġ
֣üͷ΢Ǵ󣿡
ʺǽᷢޣʺǰ£̣󹬵ܼλˡ
ȻˣϾͺúѡƹܺ󹬾ǣҲʡȥ鷳
ǰҪúѡ
š

ϣԽͣĿӣڰ޿ˣ֮Ժ˵ȷʵҪةΪ˭ʣ
ϣΪ
ԽϥǣȻةΪʣСͣ
ƽɽͷϲպȨЩð졣
޾ӡ֮ȫɻʺһְ
ƽɽɫ˲䣬û뵽һ
λӦû飿
Ӣ졣
ƽɽǱ˽ʵʵһƣܻ֡

ŵææϢ
ʲôô
ǱߴϢּӡ
΢΢һЦЩ鶼֮Уһ֮ûúùӡϵԸ˱
ԣһֱϳĴҲ
ǻϵĶͣǸҪС£ࡣ
ǣŵż磬ǰͷˣֻū澾ʺҲĿϧһٻû뵽ȷʵȥġ
ȥͲҪᡣ
ū澶ˡ
룬ǱӦñˡ
ĶϢʱֱӽеĲ豭ڵϣɼ顣
ܣô
һаװױô
ԽԽһ߼ϵ໨ƿǻģֱӳ𣬴Ͻֹɰǻմ͵ġ
Աô飬ʲôá
ҪˣҲûˡ
ǵǵΪϲؽġҪˣҲˡ
סƿùŮȥ
뿪㡣סӡʺ֮λţָһλþġ⹬λߣҲֲ
ҲĪӣϫĶӻܺү𣿡
е鶼Ҫӳ飬ʺȥ̫ڳеʧȥ룬ԶڿǣرΣ׻˵ԶˮȲ˽𡣶ҲֻƽǺһӡΣ߿ةڳе֧֡ϫָտɴ
Ķô˵ĶԣҲ
ǰ⵹ƽһиð졣
Ķµ⣬⵹ƽ
ϺԳϴӳʱʱϴڿ·߱סˡ
ƿ·ˡ
ʲô
ϷеĲɷ򡣡
˵˺ɫȶġ
ϵͷˣղżȵ˷š
ⶼǸҵġ
ǣⶼıӦҲĺ
ǼңƷжΨ
硢ѩŴƷУֻŴҲûôǹݣĻΪĳ硣
˵ʽӡ
ԳϵͷŤͷһ͹ùĽ˶ΪԳϵǻİʯⲻ֪
ﱻΪʺ
ôҪ˴ʿ϶Ҫʺ󡣡
ֱԳסһһ
š

Ǳ˹ȥϲûܣȥġ
ѩ̳ޣ١ʢȨûڸϣӢкţҲȥϹ
ϣˡ㣬һڼ̫¶
ϿӢģֻЩ٣ľù¶϶Ǻ
ջøеȥ̫ӸҲô¡
Ҫǹ¶Խ˵˵
Ӣ̾˰ɣҺҲûʲô˵
ϻ࣬϶˵ҲỰ⣬ԵЩȤΪӣøа١Ҫҵ⸮Ҫ졣
ѩһߣԽӹµǰѩߣ˻и顣
Ҳþûˣ
𡣡Ӣסȱ㵥˵˵
ϼģӦҪ

56

, ʲôֱ˵
ӢһΪѣԥ˺һſڣ̫ӵܸܲҸ£
⡤ЩΪ, µǸð𣿿Ҳð졣
, ɰܸŵλö, ûһʤΡ̫ӵ¸ŸвҲڳڼҺóĺá
ϷסӢ, ǳǳЦţ, ǰϲæ, Ҳ֪ʺŸ߲ãҲûϳ⳯бЩҲò֡˵во͹֧, Žȥǿ, Ǹ÷ҲԲ
Ӣһ˦ϵ, һ㲻, ҲǲǾûСá
ٳϵ, ҪΪ, ŮҲû취˵꣬ҪߣӢסϡ
ϣĲԡҲû˼ļˣСҲ࣬ôͼ޸ôСӡ
УС̡
ô, ̣ȥᱻЦġ
ȻҲԸ⣬Ҳûʲô취Ҹл£Ȼˡ
ϡ
ﲻ͡Ͼֱ߳ݡ
ӢţײϵŮԼҲȥˣ֪Сӻжࡣ
;ƹſڣϿվ·ߵˣͣ
ôˣ
Ҳȥ·ˣһȥ㡣
ҲȥҪȥԼȥһѣײһС̯Ƴϣ۵һַֻܾ֫ĪίۿС
߽ע⵽
ȥϿڡ
ûע⵽ϣһ˭ҹҼҵ¡
վߵСţ̫
ɷӦϣ̫
ղ˵Ļ˵ڶ顣˵꣬תɨһۣԺǲȥԶȥ
ǣ㡣
һߣָʲôҹҵ飬ġ
ү̫ﲻ𡣡
߽ȥɣ
ˣΪҾҪ̣֡
ʲôǻȥ˵òãסɰԼǴ֮˵
á˦֣෴ķȥ
һվԭأ˶
̫Ӹ
ϵԳϻţ˶͸Ҳ˻ϵĵȥ
˴߽ϿʱӪеĽʿĩμ̫̫óҹˡ
ǳʲô𣿡
ϷңпҪԮ
һܳȥֱſڵƥֻӱޣݡ
Ҹ׷ȥѾ˺Զˡ
һ·ڵӪأϽſڵˣ첽ȥԳϴߵ˵Ｘ䣬˹ȥôˣ
ҪȥϷ
ʱδ
ôϷҲ˽һЩЩ˿϶׷Ź飬˶ǷΰĸǷΰ緹ɹ׶༪١
Ѿı֧Ԯ
ǾͺáϷĻǷΰģ׼ֻΰġ
ǵģȥҲϲϣֻĹȥ֧Ԯ
ţϣƽ
㵣
̧ͷǣֻǾõʱߵ̫æЩûа׵Ҳεġ
ģ϶ûµġ
Ҳ֪鲻£
һһܶ鶼һһǴ˴󹦣һֻ֪ġ
º
ϷϢΰһвĶһϢԽԽʮָˣջؾ
ЩԽְԽʮʶǰȥξԽܾԽҸʱĻһְλ
ǵõӵʶӶܶ鶼Ҫ̫ѾͿԵõ
պϷʥ
μϡ
۵ԽӣӵϷ䲻ضΰΪҿ˴󹦡˵ɣҪʲôʹ͡
˫ҾЩǳģµʹ͡
ԽЦ̫ӣ˵޸ʹ䡣
´󹦣ʹͽ鱦ЩʵʿԸһݲ¡
д⣬ǾΪǰӪͳ죬ְ̫
Ǹʡ
ߵлϡ
ضɣ
ةฮ
ſڵ˿˵Ĳˣææȥͨةࡢˣүˡ
һȦվ˲ۿϽȥӭӣϲ飬ˡ

ƽɽں棬
ƽɽͷüĿԵЩˣͺá
鶯ǣʱ侩﷢˵ˣʺţ󹬴Ȩ֮УǱߵˣȻ˲
úÿûܣûˣ
ûУӺõúܡ
ƵƵͷǾͺã˵ΰ췴ҺĵķԲ£Һû¡
硣ܹ磬ҺðҶˡ
Դõģӡ
ǰЩǳիһȥԸ
ǡ
鿴ƽɽҲȥˡ
ôˣϼæţΪǳʲôˡ
û£ֻǲȥеͬһ糯
𣿡һЦǷʲôְλ
ǰӪͳ졣
磬ˣƷ
ƽɽûжı飬ֻȥ׼ˣҺġ
õġ
ƽɽ˫ֱ󣬳Ժȥȥϣ̫µǶΡ֪е˵ûС
ָ֪ʲô
ʺȥȨ
ţ֪һ鿴һƽɽЩƺûжĹϵ
ƽɽͣ²Ŀ⿴ųӣΪλ˭ʣ
ʲô˼
һ㣬Ҫƽ֣ж̫ԼĺܡһҲࡣ
ڵϫʺϡ
ɱͷĻǱȥҳ군
ʲô⸮жԼˡ̫µЩð죡ϣͬһϫλƽɽļ򣬡úÿǿǡ
һվԭأȭͷšǲ֪Ӯһ̫ӣҶƷ
һ뱣סΨһİ취Ǹ̫ӡ
ǲܸ̫ӵġ
Ҳ֪ߵģһеһжİšѲʱɸ輧ӽϣ˲ܾܸ裬ֻ˿ģȻûϵϲҲ˳³Ϊ˻ϵӴعڡ
Ѿ죬Ȼλֻ֧ϫ
̫
Ϲڷǰ֪ܿƽͻѣЩǳҲԲã˯Ҳ˯á
ûҵʱתķһةฮһ涼ûм
סֵةˡ
תͿϣԼ
̫ʰ
ϵͷҲ㡣
ǰ鱻ϷԸƽԸ
ϿһۣЦţƽͺáǲŷˣһ
ϴ߹ͷȥıӰһļ򣬡磬̫ܿġҿҲҪҸɩӡ
֡
ߣԺȴ飬ȻһţҪǱҷſ϶ˤȥˡ
ʲôأô񡣡
ûʲôغ
ҲҪ밡ȥͿԻȥС㣬ԶҲܻء
ǳǳһЦǰؾ룬ΪһƬ档
̫ȵȡ
ת̨Ͽ첽
ﵥ̸̸
ϳҵȥϵҡ
ǡ
֪ͳк£
ͻȻ䣬鲻֪οڣ˵͵¶עⰲȫ
ʲô˼
һܾ֪ʲô
ûʲôסУȥ˵꣬ߡ
򡤡
ˣ˵ô͸϶Լɵġ
ƽ
һűʸˣô£
ݵӣС˵ţС㱻үˡ
üͷһ壬첽߽ȥ޵Ĳ۽Ǻǽ࣬汻ˡ
ֹסϺ𣬡ʲôǲǲң뿴ҵЦ
ھƹ⣬ûа˵Ϲ
ܲԼķͻҰ˭ı£ţ
ޣ㿴㣬Ҿˣָҡ
Ҫô޸ǸӹšѩһжǵĴҲˣҪȥ
ȥҪû˻㡣
һ˽ӢĻУ޵øġ
ȻûȥȥҪˡ
УΪʲôɻ㣬ӦǸȥʵô¡˵ţ϶񣬡
㣬ҪֹҭҪ
ȥŹˣ˵˵ΪҪ㡣Ͱٻ쵰ӦҲִɣ붯Ҳ
վԴ˵
ǲ˵ˡ
˵һߵϣίίĿڣҲ׼ţҲǴ֮˵£ȶִ
ʲôӢ󾪡ôִܶԼķǴġ
˵ҲҪģ˵˺öĻ
˵Ҳû㲻عأȻΪʲôʧȻ֪ʧԭ򣬵ǹ˵š
ҡҶ֪ΪʲôᷢЩ顣
˶д󣬻Щ˰ͻȥҵ˲ȥżҵ顣
˵ĶԣɣЩȥС
ҡͷסӢĸ첲ҲȥҲȥ롣
ʲôС֪˵ʲô𣿡
֪
ǻմ͵ģҪ룿У¾ԲС
Һɸ͹ȥղȥ¥ǾƹݣôҽܲˣҲȥ
ӢӦ룬СǴ֮˵ʱСȫڣ˭Ȣ
УҼԡ

˵˲оͲУϻȥɵǸӢ˦֣
ˡ
Сȥ
ǡ
ôĲңʹ㣬ǸӶ޵ıҺã͵Ŀί޸һۼҵˣŮҪȥί
СӢǲģû취룬ҵ˾֪СʧҲԴóȥ˵һǾͲһ϶˵еһлСԼܡ
ΪԼҪɿڣ˵ţǵļҺɺһԼ޳ȥҺá
⻰ֻЦ˼˭ȢŮ
УСȥ

ȥҲڹ㡣
⻰һ֪ĲԼģڵˡӢĵȦϣû°ɣ
ʲôСôôࡣ


57

ӢͻȻìͷһת, 㣬ҪͬСѡ˼ңֵõѩָֻš
Щ, Լ
ȻΪ, Ҳûʲô˵ġȻȥˡ
߰߰ɣߡӢǰ涼, ӢлֻһŮ
ϵˣӢЩ, ˵Ļ, ˵ȥĻôջ
ϳ, ͷһۣǵڣǲٻصġ
˲ԺٻǡԼί
, ߰ɣ
ʱ, ʢȨ, 
ʢȨҾ
ض񡣡
Ҫˡ
ϵͷ, Σ
С
еǷ˳
, ֻùպ󹬴Ȩ, £ҡ
ϻһǴ£ʼ⣬оѳ˵ҪϹù췴֤ݣةһ°ѵ͹ùð⵹
Ůл˵
ȥ˵ɣ
ϵͷñſڵԼʢȨȥ
ôˣ
д£ǺüҪ
ǰ, ҲڿǣЩةĸͻȻ꣬ʵǲ
һһҪСģеϢ˵ة⵹
šʢȨͷġʺȥ̫ӵҲҪСģҵڿǣ̫ӵڳǱߣǹԮġ
Ůףպʹ𣿡
ûС
мǣҪʹ
ΪΣ
ҵõϢǣҪʹ紦֡ｫŮǺүĴ磬ӦǴʹֵԭԻҾҲһ͹ùã̫Ӵ
ʢȨüͷ𣬡ЩϢġ
룬µԼĻԼ˵Ļҵġ
ģɿ𣿡
ةǸթ֮ˣֱģɶһء
һȷʵԼҲûԲ飬һжةΪġ
ţһעġ
УŮȸǡ
š
ʢȨϵſڣǰͷһվſڵˣһ޷תջʧȥ˵
ʢȨЦЦ
ҹ
Ժ𽥿붬ȴ˿˿ܲ⣬һֱİ취
Ӻһֱ鷿дţд˺ܶҲ⡣´粻ţҲŻԤϵѡ
硢һһҪס
ʲô
Գϵͷ̧ͷȥԳʲôأ߽Ҳ֪
һ˺
Ȼ벻ˣҹڤ˼
Ҫ롣
үӦˣ
ҡͷôᣬô谮ģҲûдӦ
ΪʲôӦ
߳ܡ
Գһҹ￼ǵ룬ҲԼҲųǺˣǾûκεĹ˼ɣеĹƵǱߡ
˵ûﲻɵӣǳһ㣬еĵסЩҵһҲ֪֪ҵ˹˼ɻöпǷַ̯Ҳǹڵġ
һ⻹ɲϻȥ
ЩԳסʯϵ֣㿴ֶˣȥȽȥ
ЦվͻȻԴһΣҪԳϷҪȥôˣ
ҡҡͷ̫ˡ
ҪҪ̫ҽ
ãûµģϢһͺˡ
ǿţһҪ̫ҽ
΢΢һЦţ֪
ȥɣԳ§ȥ

ϸԳȥ糯׼ȥ˺ס̫
ϻͷʶеСʲô£
ūŲμ̫Ҽ̫ȥ
һ㶣͹ùô
Уȥ׼һ£ͷȵȡ
ūŵš
һ·ϣ϶Ϊ£ʵǲ²
߽ƺеĹҲ֮ǰ˲٣ԺĻҲ°ڷŹ߽ȥϰڷŵĻƿҲ֮ǰһΡ
̫ˣŵЦŶ˵
Цŵͷ氢ŵȥ
ϲμ
ؿ
ձ£ùȥûɣ
ûС
Ů½½ϵġϲˮҲǰ²٣ƷҲȻλͬȨ󣬴ȷʵͬ
ⰲҲ֪ʲôҲ㱾ˣŮ
ǳǳһЦ֪Щǹص㻹û
С׽Ҫңܲ
ʺȥ󣬱Ҳûúð̫ӣЩ˵ܿƵģʺߵüȷʵѹ
ţ̫Ѿû£ллġ
ϡʵͱô裬޸̫ӣҲĹùá
֪
ϲ㺰ùá
ùá
ȨҲΪСȥ
˳ˡϣӦö˽ɣ
ϵͷ
в˶ةĸҲͶվǱߵġ̫ӻǹԮ
ѻ˵ˣϴ˵ʲô
ùʲôֱ˵
Ȼ㶼ڣҲͲӡ
о˵̫ӣֻҪ֪ͱǾԲԿȶС̫ӹвΨһǹвֻϫ
ʺȥƫʺĴ󳼷׷׵̫꣬ڳǹ¾սպңδӮϫ
ţȴЩǼ飬֣϶ةҪֶԸ顣
ţù˵飬һ̫ת
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ǻûüֹҶܽһˮȥҹˮȥһ˲Ѳ٣ǰ˺Ƿ𣿸Ա
һҧڴ䣬Ŀǰһģˡ
հ׵ԺֻƮ֣
ߵ˱Żˣ˸Ͻӣû°ɣ
ҡҡͷΪԴЩ
ιҶܽһ㶣ôЩ죬ˣô࣬ǲȢң
һ飬ҡͷûС
ղ˵ĻҶˣȲȢңΪҾ𣿡
ǡ
ǲȢ˵ʡ鷳
ǲǡҪԴǸǸȻط
ԶԶԡһԵ˵ţȻطͷҪӸժźá˵ֱ߸ϡ
Ҷܽƿһߣι治Ȣңҿͬ˵ȥ
Ӷˣӿ϶ҪȢġȻط
Ҷܽ˷һ
ȥҶܽ£ùϲƵݸӣƿĸͷˡ
ƿͷֱֱҶܽЩɵ˵һ䣬
ŪҶܽڵѾҲ̲סЦ
ӣҹһֵǧūͲӺ˵꣬Ѿȥ
ľ

59


ҶܽЦ, ֪ҽ㡣
ҡͷ֪
˼һŮŮ, ˼˰ĹֻҪǼ˶ᰮҶܽ˵
û, һ
ҶܽͻȻЦ, һţ˵ġ
, 㡣һҲ
Ҷܽк, Ҳͻ, ǿˣķˣǰвĵͲҪ롣
Ҷܽͷ
ĸȥ磬ÿһģҪС, вĸδ, ֻκ, ἰ, Ů
ڵ֪ʵĶӭȢԼ, , ӧӦ¡ֻΪӣһӶ޷ǵƿء
޸ӣλ޹أҲΪǴ鱨
۳ͶôգҲˣЩϢ
׼ѵϵȴɨҶֱܽĿԼЦЦ, Щ̲ùܣҲˣˡ
ҶܽЦҲˡˣֱӺ£չ˫۷ɣ
ȻΪ˼סĵط繬µĹˣɼ˼ʲôӡ
̫Ӹ
ϺԳϸţ˴ͨ£Ӻˡ
һҶܽ
磬ɩܡ
ҶܽǸӣ硢ɩ
ϿҶܽǸµˣϸҲá
ɣ
ҶܽɨϵĶԣϲţɩҪˣ
ǵģ¡
ǿҪעãܲ͡
ϵͷû뵽Ļࡣ
˵ǿҪϲ¡
ʲô£
㻹֪ӭȢ֮ܽǰǱߵϢˣ˵ҪǿףЩ׳ʵԽԽǿҵĿ׼ס
Գüͷ壬ʺϳ޵ѡֻа
˵ѡ˭𣿡
Ǳͦгģǵ̫ҿĹףǿ϶ܻǰ
һ㶣ЩֱߵĲ豭ȥ

Խڵһʱͬ˺֮£ĹҲֻа䲻ӦִƺҲóȻͻϷͻ
뻤Űȴ
˵黹ûжһ£ֻȥס
ǸͬСÿƣ԰Ƣȥ϶ҪίĸҲû취ֹ

ۣŷֲ֪ʱ۽ᡣ
ŵ֪Ϊ˺ˣ۽ǵˮȥ̫һ̫˵
ҡͷ󹬱Ȩ˫۾ţǲӦԷڡ齣ŵ
ڵҵŮ˾ˣƷӲҲȥͻԡ
ֻǴȥ밲ĸŮ㾡ˡ
ŵ̾Ϣվûӹ

˵߹ȥŵšȴֻԶȥıӰ
ͷҲص뿪
ˣ
ū澲֪ū澸ջ
˰ˣȻҲи׼
԰ĳŻ̳Ļݴһ飬۵Ҷͱˢˢ

ˡ
¼ӳ룬ǿϲĻˡ
һӻڵϣŵ˵
ҪϲͳͳٵƾʲôƾʲôҪȥףƾʲôͲѡԼϲġ
ƾʲô
ʡϡͨء
Խ԰Ļȫϡãǳţʲô
μʣ
㣬ʲô
ҡҡ
£Ǹӣӿ϶Ƣ㸸˵˵ǲһʱͿɵ¡
ʣҡ
ˣ·֡
ԽûжԼߣھڰɣתһȥ
͸ʡ
Һûû֣ǿعɣ
ߣ֪ΪʲôԼΪѾ㽫Լȥף֪Ǹûпǣ϶Լ
βŻûԼ
͵ͣ˦֣һȥ


ȹƴǰܣյĿĵ̫ҽԺ
ƿſڵȥһɹǺǵҩζܽıͣš


ҩ˶Ļ밲
أ
˻ش𣬡̫ҽȥˡ
һ̫ҽԺȥǹ·¡
Щ죬ͷ϶˺Ǹġ
л˵
ԱߵĹ˺ʶȤūȻȥ
µͷ
£˽
סȫû뵽˵⻰
£ߡ
εĳ䣬֪ġ
Щԥ̫Ӻ׵ҲжţʱɱͷĴ
£㲻ûشҡڳɽŵ㣬㲻
ת´վԭء
û뵽¸̤һ
عдһͳȥ͵̫Ӹϡ
յʱںҶܽľĻ
˵ǹģϿ
Ϻһ£ҲûܻҶܽšϿվҶܽܽңȥȥͻء
ǹʲô𣿡
š
ϸϽŽԳϣԳϺŶꡣ
ǣⰲӻҪǱץһˣ磬ȥȰȰ
治ޣǾȥɣ
У϶Ӳȥġһ˳ӣһҲδؿӵ
ѵ㲻֪дŸ˼𣿡
ϲ̫ס
ϣ
ҪǰˣϹľǡҶܽڣǲ
磬Ҿܽ˵ûǶΪҪﰲ
ǲԼ컯
֧Գϵ뷨ǲҲֹܲӵͿԼ

ԽּȥɺףԽҲʹȥ棬ºɡ
֪ԳϵƥϵȵܲͣЪܺԶøе˽ǣǱؾ֮·ϣñһֽȥ۸
ԼĴϣװڹŮ֮еȴʱڵʱȥ
һһǵܳȥЩȣû뵽ˡ
ˣ
Ը㳼˽ʲôԸġ
ݸһЦ
ǿߣ̫ڳ׼ƥ
ϣҾ֪᲻ҵġ
ţǿߡ
ǶൢһӾͶһΣգŰСǡ⻹ϸĽݾһǾܿ׼


60

ֹ
Ĳڹſ, ŵ
ſڵĹ¹򣬡ūţߵ
ɣ
ȥ, һȦ, ôҲûˡ
ŵԱߵ˵ȥڻʲôȥˣ
ǡ
ūŸ߳, ﵽ
ڴϵﵽŵɪɪȥ

ȥ, ڴ, ΪԼ, ߣڣĸ֪㲻Ըף㸸Ժּ, Ҳû취顣
ڱϡ
һ, ˵, ´
ŵ˺һ, 㡤أ
ˡ
㡣
Žȥ, һιȥ
ȥ, ȥ˸ץ
ǣ
ȥȥ̫ӣ̫ȥҪˡ
ǡ
û˷ץסŵУ˭Ҳȥ, ȥ

عҪȥץ
ûоκˣ˳ֻһȥ̫ӸԳϣżɽ˵ϣܴȥѰһ
ϿһװҪǹƥȥѰһ
ҿͬȥңԸԸҲܱ֤

š
Գתϣڼҵҡ
šϵšһţ֪ڰӵĶˣԸҪҵ
¸һҹ·ҵһݲͣϢʱӹд˲Ҳ׼˲١
²ſջױ֡
ȻǶǱˡ
ܵƴȥŰ
üͷֱãȹеķͷȥԼôô׷ˣ

ԥҪҪȥ׷ǿ϶ҲӲ
ҳȥ
ס֣ûµġ
һȥ
ͷǿųȥһӿڰǰū澶Բ𡣡
Ļ䣬Գϴ
ĸ
¡
£㾹Ұѹߡ
չֱۻס£ĸǰҪߵģһ޹ء
Ψһˡǵİ취Ǹĸȥ
ĸҡͷ찲ĸУĸҪȥֻһ
вҪ
ңֻǲԸ޵ȥ
ͷŹɣ
񻺻ۣ󿪿ڣˣˡ߰ɣ߰ɣԶҪٳڱǰ͵ûŮ
лĸӽֻ飬ûаߵףߵס
ס֡
·Լѡģ뱾޹أҲǻ
۽ǵˮлĸ
뿪סǣȵȡ
ͷߡ
һϽȥ
лĸĶ鰲ٱ
ߺǿ̵ˮ䡣
Щȥ
ԳҲ֪Ȱ˵ΨһеӦö֪ˣЩȥӦԲõİ취
ᣬţȥɣ
ȵǸϻȥӵ¹˾֪ԳعҪȥʥԳϴͬһȥܾˡ
ٻ
ȥС˵ţ£

ûðŵţһ˽ȥġ
밲
Խ̧ɨһۣһѽϵĲ豭ڵϣйĲ
أ
ֱֱ£檷ˡ
ôĵӣ֪֪ߵʲôΪֻǰˣֻǿĹΪ߰ʲô֪𣿡
֪ƾϴá
ΪأɻʵѾ飬װ׵д֣ȥҸ͹ȥ
ʹûм˵ƫƫ
ԴһԲ֪˵ٶҲ޼£ϲ
ޱȻʺһɥڹΪʺ󣬿̫ʧˡǻʺڣԲԼŮִ磬˴֡ȴ
Խŭŵϡ
ּջеӡΪعأ˹ҰΣߣϳţΪˡ
㵣סԽ֣ϣ㲻ԡ
㻹ʲô飬һɵġԽ˦˦ڵϡ
ãȻҪѳһϳ
Ϊ޲ңԽвԼˣس¡
񱻽㣬ƹܻع֮±鴫̫Ӹ
Щпû뵽һʧȥôࡣ
˱Ҳϲ
ȫû뵽ôɺ󹬵Ȩ䵽УźĻʺӡӵУ֪˶ٱ飬Ͳ˯Ҳš
µ֪Ȩһ
ϱμĸϲĸ
ûϲºϲ
ĸͶϱ׾С
𽥶±п˺ͷԣҲˣöӡ
㡶ҲЩˣʲôʱҲϢ
Ȼе˼ϱŬġ
ֻǡϫᡣ
̫еĺӿ˰ɣ
Ӧÿˣи¡
⺢ǸСϿ϶ˡ
ǳǳһЦδ
㡶ҲҪץΪǻҿ֦ɢҶ
ǣĸ
ʱˡ
ʲô£
ūĹ˵ܳս顣
סˣûа
ǣ
¿ڣĸʵкôġΪսͻΪտеĺջˮҲΪʱλá
ô˵мֵʴϢɿ𣿡
ɿű·˺ܴĻ𡣻˵Ҫ
Ҳǣúõ·ƫҪʯͷԼĽšǱŮɱҲҪ
ĸʱǸֵʱ򣬶ȥĸʡ
֪Ҫѡ
³˱񣬵ֻš
¡ˡ
ԳϺ϶һۡ
սˣõȥӭս
ʲôʱ飿ʡ
һʱǰʥּϾҪˡ
û뵽Ūڵľ棬ԳһȥҲߡ
˵ڻϸǰõȥ
ԳЦһŸȨôȲƳȥ
硢磬ˡղҵ˵ûȥӭսǹģɩҪ裬ȴȥҲǲǣֱӴӦˡ
ӦͷϣûпôࡣϿڣô˵ҪȥӭսһҪעⰲȫ
ɩѹô£ȫϡϴةûаѺ⵹λ᲻սʱֽš
ôһ˵Ҳ


61

˵Ķ, ǧҪע⡣ƹܺ󹬣϶ҪȨһ¡
ţڼҲҪע⡣
ϵͷ, , һע, ġ
ּĸ죬Գپ, ȴ, ͸ʲô˼
Ͻ͵, 
ѵĶѾţǻȥɣ¿϶ƽġ
ϲ뿪뿴
ȥߵ
ϻͷ, һһȻͬ, Ϊε²ȥ
óھ, 
, ȫԼİΣ, չԼ
, ϶Ѿܴߵúĵĸ󣬿ж塣
ûЩ飬ǡ
ͻȻһֱֱ֧Сġ赲ֻܽ˵
ҵһߣϵ, СʳѪ
Сʼʹ
鲻Լ˵ֱ۽Ϸţע⵽Ѫϱŵ㣬ϻȥ
ұ߿ޱ߸ܡ
鱧Ͻ̫Ӹ
ȥ̫ҽͽš
úúá
е˿ϵڳĶѪȾʪˣܵϸеĺ˭Ҳ
۶Ϊµ۶ְڶڼԼҽ۶ɫ԰СʹǴӲҧԼĴꡣ
۶ɫ̫ã̫Ҫˣӻ£
ζҪסӡüšţ¸ճһҪסõ·ġ
ˡѾߴŽŽһ⡤죬ٵˡλȳȥ
ʱҡ۶ϳ£СûסпԭҪ̫£ҪԴҡ
Ѿ߽һһѪˮ˳ţǧҪ¡
ֱ֪ȥʱ۽ӷﴫ
һųˡˣС
ɿһ㡣
С鴫УΪ̫Ǹˡ
ллأҺñסˡ
ǰϲ̫󡣡
ȥ˭Ҫɱ̫
ūѾȥˡ
ϫ
϶ſϣϢˡ̫СϸˣΪСȡ֡
ָ߬û뵽ô󣬱Ϊû⺢ҲᱣסȻˡ
󡣡
ʧܻ᲻鵽ͷϡ
ȻᣬҰŵֽ䣬ºۼ
һ϶֪ý
ʲô˵
ū澿ϸһ˶ԳȥΪܹ졣
ɸ˶
ǡ
ҪӣҴǱ߱
Сﳤú¡
΢΢Цţֻϧ»û
˺ܶණ̫Ҳ˲١̫˵ڸС
лĸˡ
-ɰūŻˡҲ֪˭ôݶҪء
˭붼Ҳ֪϶ǰˡ
ˡ
ū澲̫࣬ҽ˵ԪһҪú²ġ
ϵͷЩһǸӵˣûעһĲ
ζͳ죬Ȼū澲֪ô졣
Ƿһ飬һǷ顣
ϲӵ鲢ûдȥΪԳϻģս¡
̫Ǳɳȥնûв鵽˭Ҫϡ
ɹһ֮õսԿȫʤϲѶ뾩С
ڷߣ˯΢ЦҴҴܽϲѶ»ɾӡ
𣿡ϳü¶һ˿Цݡ
ԴԳϴӭսûϢãⳡսսһԲԲ
ҲͣͷǵģϢ˵Ҫپӣվ̻ؾ
ƵƵͷŻеĶӣһ뵽ʧȥӣĵ׵ͷ
ԳʤϢǣΪʤоۻỶ졣ԳڰյĿиһ㣬Ҳȴӻ֮¡
СԺɹ˸ʽҩģũµŮԺһ൷ŪҩġԺӴű˴ƿһŮżʳĴֱ㽫Ŵϡ
С㣬ҪĶҶˡԸɹʳߵǰ
ɨһĶһߵһԵİϣæŪŲҩ
ղһ·˵´ɹ˵ʱעı飬֪ԴԼСɹΪӻ֮´ŭҪ󣬾ûйЦСڲõģѾƽ
ͷû˵Ȼ֪Լ϶ʤģͷȴԣΪԼһ˷µĴҪе
СԺͲҪô̫࣬Ҳ˵ˣе»ƽģԺͺ̫ҽúùӡ
˵ٴαƿ´¶ϲɫߵǰ̫ӵʤˡ
ŵʱ˵ֻǲȷϢǷġ
¼ǳüչӰ״Ķȥ
ﻹŲ£ͬȥ
ﻹȥΪսΪսΪҲԭеһУԼ
ǶΪԼǻȥʺĸԲ³ףΪԼһлʲôá
ŬһĨЦݣѾ£翭ҲõġպǾ͹Լӡ޹ص鲻ȥʡ
µͷϸ˫֣ǰ۹⻬ԼԿЩֲڡ
ġһŬϺӡ
ţš
¥
żƽɽλλ˻ڣ˼ô˸̫ӵһ鷳̫ӿڻϵֶһЩ֮ʺţλĸȡ
ʲô˼
˵
ƽɽһ⣬λ˶ӡ
һյڸԳչ֪ǲԽԽƤܾҪ
Գϴ쾫һ·̣;г̽ʿƣ벻죬ԭӪ
Գ뼸λϪ̸ⳡս³ɹ֮벻֮ܽ᲻Լպõĵط
ճλҾ£Ҫ¡
Գ֣еżϣԳϴһǱߵЦԽ䡣λĲ֪Ȼ໥
λʾׯݣׯͷ࿪ڣ¿ǳʲôˣ
ԳϽеżݸׯݣۣׯݳ˼²Žżùȥɨݣׯݴ̵ģսӾںǵѣڳǸˣɡ
ׯߵҲ˳ƿеżʱ£¼֣ڻؾ;УЩ˳Ż;ɢϢǻؾȫΪ


62

ԳԴһƬհ, ֪˭͵ģѾϾҪʶ
д;ĵѾɢҪ֧췴Ϣ, ûϵ̫ϻʡ
Ǹɵ, ȶ߷, һҲûУ̫թ, ʱ֡
, Ȼ, ǡ
Գۣׯݱ졣
ԭƻؾָ
¡ڣȥ׶༪١
ȥ췴İϺͺ۶ΪƷ, Ը, ⽭ɽҪ, ҲҪסʣΨһ
̫Ӹ
˺Ӽʱ, ȥ, ߵȲ軹û¡, ͳ
ϷеĲ豭ɣ
ǡ
ݣ⣬ûڰУɢųصʡ
μ̫
ɣ
л
֪ͳν£
鿴һڵ, ףǶȥ
ĬĬȥ
ӸӦû֪顣
ͳֱ˵޷
̫ӵ´˴λؾ׶༪٣˿ʼɢҪ췴Ͽܻš
ʱɫ԰ף˲̫ã٣ͨŶģο϶Ҳٲˡ
ͳʲôõĽ飿
»ؾ֮ǰﲻҪҪͺúǣȥ
ϵͷ侲룬¼ҲãֻܵԳϻؾףҲЩȥҴ֪δ
šҲˣ͸Сļ񡣡Ͽ齫һӷϣﲻͣչ˺Լ
һϿȫͬһ飬Ҳ̫ࡣ
ԶȥıӰ߹ȥ򿪺ӣһֻ˹ġȻһͬϽ֣ߺĲ˹ģһ˵湻˾Ÿδĺӡ
ϧ
ӣ첽߳ݳ鷿ȥ·Ժӣڽıңңī
ǣҸϽеˮư첽ȥ
ǰ˺һʣѣĪ۷ʲôҪ
дõžó󲩹żϵͲȥҸİؽҵС
ǡʵüͷǳʲôˣҲûʡ
ҳȥϿںϣۡղǰ򶨣ʵҳһš
Ϊʤһžۣû뵽ȴǰӿ衣
۶СǶˡֻƽȹһѡ
Сģ̧ͷİƣ䣬ƯˡҲսתżߺС
Դﰲҩɹҩ±ÿճȥ˿żҲ¿
ڷɹҩģŵΪûת㿪ڣôûˣ
ҡ
ͷƼɫҴҵ£ֽҽҩ䶪һߣŲԾеĻ߹ȥͷһĪǸɵĹٱҵˣţôˣ
̫ӳˡ
ôˣͷһһץסµ֡
·ס֣𼱣˵ʣ£ղȥ·˵̫췴
ܡ鼤վԲܡ
µͷ£ҵȻ֪ܣ϶³򡣡
ҧ´뵽ΪԼ͸ԣȥɹսѣֱĪеʶɣˣ϶군ץ£ʣԲ飬᲻ĸݺ
ҡͷҲȷ
ڿ϶ѡ
ȱģ¿϶취֤ףҲֻܵȴ
ͷѾһֻһˣʲôæҲﲻϡ

طԱӶйԳ췴һ£ԼνԳ;˵Ļɿո췴Ϊȫд棬Խ벻Ŷѡ
һݲԳϵ۵ȥԽɨһ۱㽫۶ڵϣȥֻҪ̫ӵ¡
ǣ¡
սϫѾһ˽ᵽع֡߹ȥһѾ߿ϸ
˵ʲô
㿴ңҿһۡ
һѾ߿ڣҵعŵ϶ȥعˡ
һɫޱ䣬ͷͳܡ
ϸ
ܵūϵһѶȥݡ
ϴˡ
ݡ
һߣ϶˵ˡ
´϶ع
¿ŲݣܱɨĺܸɾԺһڸɻ
ɩˮưſվŻŮˣźһιǸģ
ֱŽ롣
ɩ߲Ƶӣһߵİ߹ȥָ£ιιιʲôģ˽լ֪𣿡
ɨɩһۣһߵһѽɩקһߣˤڵϡɩŪðˣеİӣһߵɨܹȥ¸ǰ
ǣﲻǺǵġĵ̣Ұ
㡤
ִ̧ϵ϶Ҫ˵Ļعġ
ɩüͷ壬ƶ£źߵӦͷ١뵽ɩһĪϫˡ
ɨѳǻһ£ʲôعҲʶֻһס
ϣʶȤһ㣬Ҳ
ôѲ㻹Ҫɱ٣ľ˵ˡ
²ϻץס
˭ץҡ
ɩɨѲͣǻȥΪǳصģҹҹ
ɨѲͷ֦ͣĴϣû°ɣ϶¡
ͷ֦üδϣ۵úܡ
ɩԽԽҰ˭ҿӲıϳԺӣɩſϡ
ҸǣҪǸͲǳɨô¡ɩ֪ͳһѵҾҪǼʶʶҶĹ򡣡
ɩɷڵʱгɱģɩó
Ȼȥɣ϶ɩһ
Уع
ϫлϫҵع鷳¸ࡣ
ɩߣԷһвӽ˸ߡɩע⵽ղˮʣµİͰˮ
ɩȥ˵ѸٴţˮͰͳȥ

֪˭һ
ɩſϣǹͿȻͲˮôˡ
վм䣬õңȫʪ͸

޵طû뵽Ȼһ帾ûж
Ȼȥ
ǣ
´뿪ɩɿǵԶٽݡ
عڴϣţղ淢ʲôˣ

63


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عͷ, ҡĺӣһҪˡ
ɩȥûһֻ, ں档
ϴ硣ع´߹ȥ
عӵʱѪ, , һֱڵ֮С
Ҫ㣬طܼסȥҲҪ鷳ɩһߡ
ˣﶼԣعﻹи顣ղЩ˭
ϫ
عͷһɩعһ, عɫ, ҾͿЩʲô, Զ롣
, Ƕע, ҵطǡ
ллϴ, һ鷳㡣
ҡҡͷע壬ǧš
عͷ֪ϴġ
Գϴִʮĵط֣ĸȫͣ¡
ׯݿڣ, ֻҪһ£档
ԭӪ
Ӫ
ԳׯԼλһ
ׯݲ뿴Գϰװױԩֱ췴£ڿʲôǵ̫ȥ̫ӳ
ʱӦˣܸ
ԭƻսǡ
¡
ʲô˵
ׯݲžȥ

Գϴִ¥⣬ԶԶͿ¥ϼɵıԼϵĳźͳһŵĽΪ㡡
Գͣ£ʿͣ¡
֣롣
ʵʵܲôʦڡ
ЦһǸʵ벻֡
ģ塣
⻰ĵײָߵˡ
ʿСܹȥһǣסԳϵһ̫ӵ£롣
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ԳļλԳϸûѼλ¡
㡣ʲô³Գͣ²Ӷ㡡
֣ҲȲѣʵּⲻҲ񡣡
һҲ
еһжڱ
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ڷ˴Ҵܽ
ϻۣһߵıҲšˣõϢ
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±ϫѺˣ༸λҲѺ
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ԳϽ빬УϵıߣΨһһ빬ˣȴߣԶһжˡ
ؾ·һϣʲҥԣ͹Ȩһеĵλ
ΪȨһУǶӵ
ȥ߸ϵĻϣֱֱ£ߵʡ
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ڵϵ̿ˣԳһǲıġԳһЦĸ˲Ż߳ŭ
ˣӡ
ʲôҪ͵ģ
Գֱͦ壬Ѿд𰸣޻˵
ãһ޻˵ǵȲһ죬Լλ𣿡
޻˵ҪöϤ㣬ֻǼλ޹ģʷǡ
Խһ㶼ѱ飿
˵ûвı֮¡
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á
ּϳԳ̫֮λȥ߳פأûگ뿪߳ǡּȥﶨ򱱽һְҾ
ԳϾ㵣ǲŹκζвˡ
ּ
ǿʺķϲûɱ㣬һҪԴ
Գ֪һ
лʲɱ֮
ԳϻתҪȥȻԽڣ㵱һҲûͣ
ѶûκҪġ
ʮ˽ĸʣԽͣˣĽͦáҪסԼǺӵΪԼĻᡣ
ڻԶ빬зҲͦá
ԽԶȥıӰʧһȭϡ
ŵһ仰Ҳ˵ϽԴ
̫Ӹ
ſڵ˿ԳϻĴ󺰣»ˣ»ˡ
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Գϴüͷţѿ㲲١
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ԳϽϣͻȻʲôƿͷСأЩС
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Цŵͷǵģߵصġ
˵赭дδ˵顣ԳҲڼ֮ûע⵽ȥ
á
ԳϿཱུĺϲúܣȥȴ֪֣Ц
Ұ㱧
á
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Ժһںúһֿ
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ǲ֪˵Ҫ׽磬һ˺һ˵Ҫȥۣͷ͡
ܽ˵ĶԣòҪ
ĨĨ飬˵ͬһ
𾪣Գϱ췴Ծ󻼡
û뵽Ͼô׵ЩԣС߳ʲôƷлô֪ܲ
ԳЦЦȨӵҪӹ˭ĻȨһвǸ˵Ķ·
磬ǲЩžġ
˵ˡԳתͷϣּȥ߳ǡ
š
ȥĶֻҪһһá

ԳϽڸʰ
ȥȥͻء
ţڼҵ㡣
ϿԳϵıӰ뿪⾩ǣҲԶȨܹƽ˼ҵҲʡȥ鷳
ֻǿ˺ӣһҪȥôԶĵط

ԳվһȺãֱԽе꣬һ۲ŻڣٴٸʩѹΪ޶Ĵ̫ˡ
Գû˵
޾۶ڹн
ԳϾ㵣Ȼ£ϣ۶С뿪ջس
ǰвٻӹҲһ뿪Լĸúúõأûʲô뿪ģˡ
ʡ
£лԳϵĻ»϶ŭֱҪԴ
ʡ
Գ֪۶Ҫ⹬ֻ
ƴҲƽɳ
ԽԳ˵κһ仰뿪
Ȱ˵£ڵĴǱˡ
Ҷයٸȥ
ͽԳһ˹ڵϡ


64


ҵµط׼һȥعɩ, ȴˣûע⵽һֱԼˡ
Ժ⣬ںɩ, š
һ, ɩ̽һԴ, ŴţӽԺӵŴ򿪡
ʰ𣿡
, ȥѶ
ཫϵҲŽȥ
ʱ, һֱ˳Ժ, ·Ըſסˡ
ŵ϶ͼ߽Ժ
ɩŰعźӸ󡣿վԺˣ౾ܺһعǸϽ㡣
ع
ˡ
ǲݹҲ
ע⵽´˲Щ˸Ķ, ֻ, ˼ɩع
, عѾϫûκιϵ
Цһ, , ΪҲ֪ع˸, һǸӻȥ
ҪӲͱֳˡ
ཫеİɩȽȥ
ɩתȥſϡ
ԸŹعһӶٳүǰ
ֻ˵ģδ˭֤
žͰˣعߡļҲҵĶ֡
㡤󵨡
֪ڵʲôʵһõģҲš
˵ϻ, عҡ
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˱Ƶһߣĵ׶µúܻţžž£ͷ̨׵ˣţԼɷĶزˡ

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ԳϹڹſڣԽ糯ȡˡ޵һ磬ЩڹſڵĶӡ
Խе۶һߣ̾н
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ԳĵģһʧȥҲҪɫ㿴ȶԷˡᲽǰȥ
ҡҡͷɨһˣǰһΪΪ۵ġ
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Գϼ߽ٻͨһԽǰﳼݼʣԸʰ
Խһɣ
ԳϹţڵϣʣ۶Ը
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Ҫ޴Ӧ㣬Ҫ۶ǻı֮ģһҲᱻۡ
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ԳϵıӰ˸Сں۶飬ô᲻ס巹׶༪١ΪԳı֮Ҳ׾ٴӦҪ
ٻſһΪ˱˿ࡣ
ԳϻصнϣᣬҪųµĶӷֲֿᡣ
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Գ§ļԴԼǰϱϡ
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ԳȥϸϣǵóŽȥܱģһӰҲûУֻԺл̳Ｘ֧ܵĻ䴹
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үȥ뼸ɨɨ
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ԳһֱߣءΪһβ裬ЩϢ
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һսƣԳϿڳǽϣȥɾھǱ߻ûƳļʯ󺣣Ψһϣȫϡ
һֱվܱſڵԺԺĵо˺üҲ˻š
ⲽļ١׼ȥˣ
ܽˣоܡ
⻰ͷɿүΣ
үϻ
ϵͷһԳϻӭϼô
Գժͷֻ̽ջһս
ȻҹʤɾǾδأɾ׼϶±߳ǡֻ߳вѵǿҲסʮ
ϼԳüͷοţҲģϿ϶Ѿļɱǰ

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ԺȲ裬϶ҴҴܵ߶ţŲ豭ԽĽ
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ԳϿΪԼĵ, ΢΢û𣿡
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һšһ֡ӦǲԼġ
֣ȥϢ
ţҲЩЪš
߿̧ͷͷסķǣȻЩڱ߳ǵӣ̧ȥ췱ǣҲ¡
Ժ˲֪ãŵгһ˫µЬӣϳһ̧ͷĿײԳУ

66

㡤
һҹԳ
΢΢ҡͷ, ղֻһЩ飬̫ʱ䡣
㻹֪㵣ң巹, Ҳòȥ
, ԳϵѾˡ
, Ժܾܾ;ܾ
ϵͷֱס, Գ, òߵ, Ҳʧȥ
ףԴʺԳرϧˣر߶õҲͬʺһһҹ
֮, Գϱȥ, ˼, վĴ󳼷׷׵, Գϳ¡
糯, Գһ仰Ҳû˵, ֻǾվһ࣬Ҳòٴð
Ҳ糯ʱԽµʥָּԳ̫ݣλӶ
ûȻԽŲĵƽɽʵλһֱ̫ӣ̫֮λ, Ӧûɣ
ʥּ£˭ֻ벻һƽɽиǲʡ뷴Խ񣬿еĻһҲ˵
Գϻָ̫֮λ飬̶ʱڴС˸ˣȻҲ˱ˡ
֪Գϱָ̫֮λеηࡣԴԳϱϣһֻĻΣҲ֪ȥֲ
һЩϵҵة֮ĹŽ˻СʱûаոʻŵģڵӦˡ
´ҵˡ
ǰ֮Ҳۼϵż۶ҲǷ񰲺áϾΨһĶӡ
¸Ͻв𿪵Ž飬鼱Ŀ죬ˣ
ǵģϴдáҪ˶ةļıҲᱻҴ
ǡô
ҡͷ
Ӧòֵġ鲢ΪԼż˺㡡
Ȼǵĸ˽¶һ֮鲢δӰ쵽ϣֲҪЩǣ
ס֣Ҳָ̫֮λҲ÷¶ΣǾ͹ԼеҲٲ롣
ͷֻ¹ͨ˵ӡ
乬
ڵĴţſڽ˲֩ǰǰ֩ɨɾ
ҹɣŵţע¡
߽乬Ϯǻҳǻȥɣū澵⺮أӡ
Ҫȹѣ޴󰭵ġ
ƹ乬дСĹŮ֪ææū澰ݼ
񡣡
¹Ůվֱ壬֪Ϊ£
Ŵ򿪡
ǣ¹Ůһ̲ҵ顣
ڴϵĶŵӴΪȥˣܹȥڿʱϵϲ˲ȫޣʲô
ùΣ
ĶŽţɢͷת߻شţЦһҲ̫⣬̫Ѿָݣ꣬ΪŹ㣿
ЩͲģõĵӡ乬ɲǹҪʲôʲôҲֻܰţձʹĥ
Ķҧ֪վԼģҪá
Ҳ̫⣬һ乬ȵ
ɫ΢䣬֪뵽ʲôЦſڣˣˡмҪ㣬մɱʵɳȥˡ
㡤
ϧˣǵ-ȥһͬɱ̫ӾͲٻˡ
񡣡
󵨣Ҳֱġ
ĶӴվ㣬һӶúáŮףӲТе˶Զȥ
ɫޱ䣬ǱĶ˵£ߡ
תĶЦֻô̶ӿ첽뿪Щ

û¡
乬Ů뿪Լѳ˵жԣֻʣȶȶ
˵ʲô
ū˵˵ڸ򽫾˵ǹҪȥ
ߣ汾ȥ
ǣ
סĹſڵĹ˷׷밲ūߵ
ɣ
л
أ
һūſڣȥˡ
Ϊûȥдһ˿ŭ
ūŵڵϣղ˵ūſĿİͰ͵²Ǹš
øžͲҪǵ³ʲô飬һͷŭɶȥңҵ
ǣ
̰ʱ򣬹ͼʣҪ˶೤ʱͻˡ
ñ֪˵ʲôǺã·ȴ֪ϧ̫ӻЩ鲻ôðġ

Գϡϣһͬӭӣһ¡
С˽ôҲˡ
˵׼˺óԵģĪǰ粻ӭСˡ
Ȼӭ
ǽΪҶܽУ׼˺ϲ֪ҲҪһҹֹߴ
Ҷܽ뿪ҲԲã˯Ҳ˯ã˲ͬҲĥĹǺ
Ҷܽס֣ɩ˵ôô࣬ʱ㻳۶Ҳ𣿡
ҡͷ
Ҷܽɥ㶼𣿡
ǵġ˶죬ϵʻкƽҲûʲôҲûܹ£˵ӦǺġ
̫ˣڶ롤
Ҷܽû˵꣬סͣ˵Ļ

룬ѵ˯ţҸ˯ԲãҲԲá
һˡ
СڣǰӾͺˣвУš
Գ˼Ƥˡ
ڰæúܣȻع
𰡣Ŷ׼ˡ
ԳϺ϶ԿһۣЦ
ٽţҵūߵ̫ӵ¡
ȿԷˣʲô
£ع
ɫȥҪͬһȥ
ūŹز
ϼūͦΪѵģ˵ţﵣ㣬ȻȥҺֻȥ㹬
ԥһаɣūŻعˡ
ҡͷⲻŹǲС˺
ҶܽһţҾ˵Դɣжð˵¶λãֲǲ֪ɩ֪֮ǰÿÿߵ˶⿿۶дҪǱֿ죬۶ͱĹŮˮȥˡ
ļһָץһ
һжûжҲ׾䡣
ܽ˵Ķԣ巹죬֮ᣬ⳯д󳼶巹㻹ˡ
˵ЩȹȥšԳϲ̸Щ⡣
УЩˣš
̧ͷԳϣɫǺܺáǶں棬ϰס֣Գϵͷ˼¡

67

Ȼع, Ĺеš
ȥʱûע⵽Ҫ£һ, 棿
վֱ, ߵĸ
˰ɣ
̧ͷ, һȦϣ˵ȥ
ǡ
ôʲôջ񣿡
Ȳ̫˼, , ĸʾ
񵭵һЦ, һʼ̫ۣȻڲϢ̽
˲׹ѵĸж͸Ǽ򵥵׽ҪĶ, ﺦˣ
˵¡ŵʾ˵
, һ, , ǲն, ĸΪƽ, Ϊ̫Ӻ㵱ܵܣǡ
ĸгԼĶǶˡĸûΪνҪ뿪УһжҪ뿪Ϊ⹬лۣҪһöӡ
ﰵδݺ֣ۣŶۡҪȨ, һҲҪ
ž
ʵʵһϡ
ŵһ
ĸ㣬㲻һľ㣬ĸĽ־ͺһ乬
صȵϣδ͸ֻ򵥵ĹãԶʹѡԶ롣
ȻȦϣźСūǰ£ҲΪá̫ӻϫࡣ
ȴԴ˽֣ǻΪӦҪȥڵ
Ȩλʲôõġ
˭Ը˭ԸȥȥǣմȾκΡ
̫Ӹ
ԳϺţææ˫Ҿ棬¡Ѫʡ
Գһȥ
Ҳæһȥ
˼ææ˹̫ҽԺ̫ҽȫһߺŵģϺԳ˵ţǰձµĿѾתղ֪ģͻȻѪʡ
͸̫ҽǵķ϶ڴϵԽɫ԰ףɫںڣжļ
λ̫ҽ꣬۶ڣ̫ӵ£˶¿ʳùʲôʳ
ǰʳõĶūģж
ȥѸʳùʳò;ȫһ顣
ǣ̫ӵ¡
Щż˵ţԺУȥɲУ̫ҽԺҪҸ취ѵڵĶų
ֻ֪жĸԴûҵȲҩ
ӹҽ
Źȥ飬δж塣
̫ҽԺ̫ҽǼ֣ҲжԴǲҩһˣ⡣
Ψһİ취ȸ·ѪȻһ£ȾȥжԴ
㡺橶ʵ
δжԴ
ж㡾ôж
ǲҪʣ˵
⻰һڳĿⶼͶ£¼ҿ˵Ĳûһ뺦ʡ
˶⻰е˼ָϺԳϡ
Ͽڣϫ⻰Ҫó֤ſھҪʣһжҪ֤˵
ʺö˶˵ôжⲻҪֻʲô
˵䡣㡺ǳ⡣
Ͽ£Щɻ
ٻԳϺһҪ̸ϱ˵ȥһطȻڳɽż
һ·С̫ܵҽԺɿ۶
ԺС
̫۶Ҿ
ϸȾ纮ҩԿ𣿡
ǳġ
ɷҿ
泼
ϸŽȥһߵţ۶ҩ
лˡӹҩϸţЩҩƷ纮Ƚⶾģû⡣
ҩͨ˭Ƶġ
΢ͽܣǷ𣿡
ҡҡͷû⣬ͽĶ
ҩȥ
á
ϸԺȥ۶Сӵ˺ľ
ľеСܹľ̫
񣬻ϵҩ㰾Ƶģûо˵֣
ûС
ϵͷǾˣʳҲûжҩҲ۶Լͽܹ֣϶⣬ǵ˴
ˣҩǷģ
λϷҩҩǵǿµġ
ϳ۶ָķȥ߹ȥʰϵСƣͻȻע⵽һóϵ

±˵ȥϢһ㡣
ϸϽ뿪̫ҽԺ۶ûи״ľ˵ǲ͵ˣ¿Ǵˡ
ʦϵҩľҵ

Գڳɽŵϣ˸߲ҵܹȥֺӶûС
ʲôôˣ
ȻȥԳϳ˹
ص̫ӸҩϣԳϿ˵ҷҩ⣿
ʲô⣿Գϲҽѧ⡣
ղȥ̫ҽԺ˸ʷõҩû⡣ȴҩ﷢˵Ĳҩϱ˵߽ҩֲҩʰϲݡֲҩһжʡŻ²ֹ񾭴ҵ󡣡
棿ԳϲŷϾȻҽ
ǵģȥ
Ϊʲô
ⶾİ취ҩһǾ綾һа취Ȭ
ҪߣԳסĸ첲ȥˣһǰ뿪˾ǡ
ʲô
ţعȥˡ
Գϱ֮󲻾ñ뿪˾ǣľͯɽҰ
Щʧ䣬ô죿
۶а취
㲻˭𣿡
̫ҽԺֲ飬ܿͻнۡ
ҲϿɡ
ǲܾ̫ˡ
齻ȥɣ
ԳϿЩģǷĽȥá
ҹȥ۶ң۶ڹûлڸһֱ
۶ڣЩ죬̫
ԺУɣ
۶һͷˮ֪ϴҹҪʲô
ϽóԺпҩ
۶濴ţͻȻĿһ⡤
ҽմ̫ҽԺߵҩоϲݡ
⻰һŵ۶ڵϣģԲǳҩЩҩǳץģδϲݡ
ϸϽҹǹ㣬Ҳš
۶亹ų˫ֻš
ϣԺܰҲ˭ҩаж֢ҩ˻ϵĶҪ⴫顣
Ϊβ߱ˣ
Ҫϣڰֻ͵͵С
ף½ȥ졣ֻǲ֪ܷ
ľɫľ֣Ӧڳˣ˳עϲݽȥ
ãס
鷳Ժˡ
ǳģǳҲẦñж
ҲΣ飬ҲԷ
л̫¡
Ȼˣ¾á
ס


68

ϸϻ̫Ӹ, ԳҲӹл
ô
δѣ̫ҽŵģ۶𣿡
ϵͷ, Ӧǲ顣
, ЩϢ, 
ȥ۶
һȥ
ϫվһˣ, ܿű˴, ˵
˽ȥ, ϫеŹϣү鷿ȡ
š
鷿㡱֣˽еıʷĥϡ
Сļү
ɣةô˵
ة˵Ѿ˽Ժ֧ظȥ, µ̫ҽة, ҹֵĺʱ, ʵû׼ã
ȥة, һ׼, ʱһڿŻϡ
, ү
ةһߣ´үǰһж׼ˡ
ɨһۣЩùʵġ
²ǳǳǳ檵ķΪβܹʡ
ڼҺúõš
檻ᾲүĺϢ
㡳ȥһô, ʼûԼѾ⣬Ҫֻǻʺ֮λֻҪλģں
ϺԳϽ۶˯ӷ׼Լȥ˼ææ£ղλһ
˶ԿһۣԳϽӹеżȥ
ǣ¡
ԳϽŲ𿪣ݲüšԭһǵֽ
ôˣǳʲôˣ
Գ΢۵һƬް
ϼ˵ֱӽеùȥɫҲƽ𾪣ĸ
һ룬Գһȭϣôû뵽ĸô
˭ģ
дʺϫйϵɴ˿˵пǿϫ˺Ļʺҧƻʺȥġ
£ǻʺͬ£
ҲһƵģϫ֪£ӶĻʺ
¡
ҴææһϽеż
£򽫾ةҹ϶⡣
Ķ
򽫾Լ²ǶԵģѾؾӪ
ԳϵƽɽĸףôԼٻӪԴ
ǡ
ԣϲ²⵽Գϵ뷨ȵȡ
ͣ
飬վߵġ
ǡ
ڱ߳ǵ飬ǲŵԴнѡ
Գԥһȥ֪ͨׯʱ׼ãȥô¡
ǣ¡
һߣϿڣһȥ
ڼеҡ
ס֣һˡ
ԳϺ͵͵ȥ⣬Ȼſб仯ȫ˽
׼ŸʻԱƹ
ô죿
䡣
һة˳ڹſڣſڵĽǰ֪ڽ̸ʲô
С˵ţôةһˣ˵ϫҲӦó֡
һҲڹ⣬ֻة׼𣿡
һоλ
ԳϿڵΣֹҡ
Сס̫٣
㿴ҲڵʱҲ²ûĻʵĶµģڵʱңٵȵȡ
ԳҲϵĻٵȵȿ
ǵȺ˴Լһӵʱ䣬˴ӹڳڵ밲̧ͷ㱨飬ڽʲô
ʱˡ
㡺ƽɽͷԳϺܳԡ
ϫҹڹǷЩ׵
̫ĵΣ
ֹҵ
һЦҲ֪̫˵ҵô£
ة࣬ȫɽôĵӡ
Գ֪ǲ׳ϣҪת䷽У̫Ҫ
վε
ةҪֹ̫ӽʥ
̫ҪžӲϳֻΪҵ
ԳЦةడة࣬㻹ᵹһС̫ӽҹҪʣȫ̫ÿ
ةĽûã˸˰ء
̫ͼ췴¡
ҿ˭ҡεԳϻ
㡤ƽɽ顣
°ɣҪһٴ
ʱ̫ӣϫٻ̫ӡ
Գ̧ͷվڳ¥ϵİŵһ룬ŵ˴ӳ¥ˤ
ŵùá
Űŵ¥ˤ£ȴΪ
ŵ
һۣ˫סؿڣŵùôСģҲŮȴ¥ϵ絶
㡣ôĵӡ
һлǺͻѧġ
ڳˣԳһѶеĳ׼㡣ة๶ͬɹ֮սʼҪأһλɥĲ񡣡
Գһ뵽һţ޲ýǰ˸ɱˣ³ç
֣Ҫ˵ôĵϻʵۣŹңŹҵĸ
ԳȭͷŹǣڲᡣ
ĸֻ
㵨Ҵȥվڡ
ǾͿǻʤǳܡ
еĽɱ
㡰νԳϳԳֵס
ߣһӽׯݻӽסһߣ麰̫ס
һѽסν˿ȥׯݱԱ𣿡
Եģù˼ҡ
á
ڱ߳꣬ϵĽ𽥽ɱˡ
ʼңвׯݴ˲١
ʱڡ
ةలŵĽţν򣬡˺
˺ʲô췴
Ҳû취
Ҫةࡣ
ˡ첻ةֻ̫еةƷ̫ӣ
㡤Ǻôĵӡ
ʱ˴һˡ
赲һʾȥ֪ͨƽɽ㡡
ܽȥԽѣ䣬£ˡ
һԵļλ̫ҽû뵽Ѫ֮Ȼˡ
Խصˣʵô£
룬ֻк̫վһϣȲл·£ϫة࣬ǿ˽Ҫ췴
Խһģҿ󱳣¡
ӡԽվҪȥǡ
±𼱣ֹ̫ϫ췴
ǸûſڵĽסǵ·ԽһѳϵĽ˭ޡ
⻰һ׷·
£㡣
ԽӣڴϢţ֪ǵ飬ֻͷֻ֪·һ֮ϫϾĶӣԭһû뵽ޣԴǲҪˡ
֣Ҳ˳ҴҸ¡
ҪȥҳӵҪʲô
֣æǰסԽһͬſȥ


69

ǰѾѪɺ, ˫ء
ڻս֮ʱһ߳ϼݵ
˫ɱͣµ, ˶ȥ׷׽еĵڵ, ڵ, Ȳμϡ
Խվڹſڴµ˫, ˫ץĸ첲ŵվȡ
ҪʲôҪǿҪλ
Խþȫ, ˻Ӧ, һָֻŹڵϵˣة࣬˵
ƽɽͷһԲ
Уϫ˵
㡻̧ͷ, ĿֱԽ, ֮ĽֶΪʵƫġ
ƽ, ǶЩӻǹ, ޿˵
𣿸ʸ˵ûƫҺĸ, ĸһ輧, ǲϴ֮ãҾΪĸ΢СƫĻһֱĸߣ类˵Цһʻ, һֱףλʴδǹң㲻֣Ҳֵֻ˵ܣֵܡ
޴Ӳ֪ؾȻխ
Ǹʴδ˽ҡ㡻վԽߵĹ㡶ԽоǰסһңҲΪˡ
ڵһиҲѾֻҪԸ⽫λͻ᳷򸸻ֻῴʹѪɺӵĻ档
ˡԽһŭ𣬲
ĸϣ乬һ̶ˣǲûλ
桤ӣ޾Ҫ֪ǲġ
Ǹʿܲ⣿
Խ֣׹ֵĽԽ̧֣еĻˡ

ֳֵĽƽɽóԼֵĽ
ة࣬úÿǼ٣
ƽɽתһеĻĻײһ֣еĲûУˡԽĲģƭˡ
㡼ƽɽסһѶеĻһײһƬ⻬ŭĽڵϣǴδŹκˡ
ˣ޲Ųֵŵˡ
ƽɽΪ޲֪Ĺƣһֻ۱һֻֻ뿴ǵҪôߵʲôزû뵽ǾȻҪλ
ϣΪڸѣû뵽һҲ֪򡣡
㡴Цˣһжˡע⵽һվŵˣͻȻ󲽿ȥϻûüӦϡ
ϡ

̫
֯һ
ϲӳеĳԼĺ
ʵܣʲôȷ½ú
̫Ӱ̫ӣ㿴ڵľƣҷ½ǻŹңҺúûţ
ұ֤һøġھԳתԽʣڶķƹʵܣʵѾ˿ȥص䣬ͷһͬȥء
СԽᶨǷŻɽ
ԳһȫȻ˰ϵ
ʱϿڣ£㲻ùңҵԻµİֵ
ԳҡͷС
㡣֪Ҫ̫֮λҿ㣬ֻҪ㲻˺ϡ
ֻ˵ģøּ
ЦҲϻλԳ֪ŮˣҹҾһ·
ҪԳϲһȥ
ʱɫһ䣬еĽϡϴʧɫصˣӦϽԳȥԳһѱס
ԶСղŴҲע⣬ҲڷɢעȥõĹ׼׼㡺ϡ
ү²֪ڵϵ㡣ɱ§סϰү
ϫѹȥ̫ҽƣϼӰ֣ҪûˣΪʡ
㡱ߣ¿Ÿ뿪
ԳϿԼĸʣĵ׺ס
ԽͻȻһѪ
ϡ
¡
֮ȥ
˰
ԳϺϲδȥԳϿղǶû
ԺôΣյ飬㲻ҡ֪֪ղжൣ㣬Ҷȥ
ǳǳЦţģǾô࣬һ뿪ġ
֪ʻϫ
Щ鲻ǲġ
ԽѪٴԣѾԺ̫ҽԺ̫ҽԳϣԽڵһ첻һ죬ڵĶδɾпûˡ
Խĵһּ㡺ƽɽһ
֪ԼҪʲôҲû˵ֻǴЦ
ûб˰취˼ٰУȥ̽ʱ½Լİ취㡾ܾ
빶ţҪžҪߵλá
²ûģǰȥ
̫Ӹ
λ
һ£ʱ˭Լɣ
ǡ
˴˽ͷһñס˴߽ȥժñӣع̫
ϿЩعô㣿
عһЦعм
ֱ˵޷
عͻȻ£æҪ
عϫһ档
ع
ЩΪѡ
֪ΪѣعһټҲģҲү˺ӡ
Ͻ׵ģҰš
л
ع߽Ĵ̲סۿֵطүôס£ϻ˿ڡ
棬ǽڵˣ˲۽ǵˮ
佫Ŵ򿪣عелˡ
㰡
תعһ˲ʲô
عеӷСϣū˼Сү
ҲҪ߰ɣ
عִŵĽһһڳū澺þûˣҲ֪ջûдǰãүǲ԰ū澳һ
㡻˹һӵĲˣӳ˳
ζΣعڴͬϲ˸ԣζΡ
á
عһЦ̫ûˣܡ
ȥɡ㡴Ļ
عͷүչ˺Լ
ع뿪߳ηͷ̲ס䡣Լӣ뿪
ע⵽뿪ߵϣعֻбӰԴ
عȥ㡵賿㡷Ծ
»׼ӪڸϢ˹ȥ
乬еϢֱӷˡ
ı֮԰ʸҲûУԽĹҲ
͵͵ͨˣҵĵط
һº
ԽڳѪʣ̫ҽʱղࡣ
ҹػԽߣϣԽΪ̫ӡ
ȻļƻȴûܳɹԽʺֱݱҲûѹ
Խݱʱе˶ǰţ޳һƬ


70

ʵۼݱ, ٹ
ʹɥᦣʹ
ϢҲ˲ۿ
ȥ, ȥ
ҡͷ, ѾǿĹ, ûлȥɡ
ģԸȥ, Ҳǿ
ʵۼݱȻʹ, Ҳ, վǱߵĴ󳼷׷׵Գϣյǻ
ȻȴνԽõʥֹּ
ﶨ۵һɣϼݱ˶ӿ
̫, ôʥּ
ｫ, ʥּôм, ̫ı֮Ŀʼ, ϾͲ̫, ָֻ̫, ɻʥּҪð˻ӵǻ
Ц̫ӱᣬٴ࣬Ϊλϲ˻Ϊ̫ӡ
ǲţ÷
ˡ
˷׷תͷȥ֣ܴߵǰ, 檼
֣ǣطİɣ
֣ǳǳһЦǹżʥֹּ̫ӵǻ檲
֣ʲô֤˵еʥּǼٵģ
֣ݸһЦתĴλگ
ɫһ䡣
ʥּ
ǻʥּ򽫾Լ̫󶼿֤дʥּԭ˴λʥּд̫Ϊʵۡ
֣ǿһۣеʥּӹȥ
ˣʵԻλ̫Գϣմˡ
֣񣺡֪û顣
û࣬еļʥּû˵Ƕֻ·һ
û飬ֻ֣ôᣬûãµ۵ǻ᲻ѿ
ЩͲͷﵣģ檻Լ
Ըˣôϣܸõꡣ
˵꣬Լ뿪
µ۵ǻʽĺ̺⣬ֱſڡ
վٹ٣ԳǣϵִӴŽ
ٹ¹򣬡꣬ʺǧǧǧꡣ
ЯִЦһǰߵߵĵطİٹ١
ƽ
ϿԶ׸ŷɣ΢΢ЦݣԳߵʵס
ǹ
ɫԳԣḧգ治糯
ЦţǳҪˣջˮ
ԳЩգλ
סͣ˵ɻĻֻߺеÿһ
ţһ£ȥϳ
Դչȥһ¡
ˣ𴲡˯
ҲˣźԳϴ£ԴЩòϣϰΪҲЩϲź
Գùȥ糯
ϰ뿿Ͽ飬ͨӢ

Ӣ߽
ؿ
Ӣ֣¡
սΪ£
ϣڻǰԼ䣬Źùá
õõģҺͻѾãùùøȥء
ǾͺãÿǷùãԡ
סӢ֣Ҷףõģһᴦá
ǺãȻȥˡ
á
ͷ˳ȥ
ǡ
ӢһߣţҪûϷŹ̫һ
߿϶ġ
ǰ̫ôҪλҪȥأָҪʲôӡЩò
ʱֽͨ˵
Ƚܼɩ
ɣؿ
лɩ

ϿȣԼ׸ƣϾһռҵѪ
ܽǰͽ𡣡
ͻȻ㣬Щϰߡ
ôˣ
Щȥء
԰
ĸȥ
ûӻȹȥ֪ڵʲô㱣֤ܾ޶ģҲֹĸ

šվ
鲻ǽһģҪùȥأͬ㿴𣿡
еġ
ȣֱҡͷһĶΪûмʥּ飬ǵԸŹ񣬿ȴܼ֡
Ӣ˵飬ϲδԳ̸
п϶ԼĴ𰸡
ҹ£ԳϿȻ˵糯дѡΣ
ĵ׿һһĵ
Ȼ֪󹬲ֻһˣԳԼΣĵȴܲζ
ϾΣ
ġ
ô˵ѵ˵У
Щ黹ǻȽ׵˵꣬Ϸͷᣬһһͷϡ
ԳϣǷˡƽͷĴᣣüšһ֡

Գ糯һʱ˷ǹʺʲô
ػϵĻȥ˳ٹ
ԳЩʧ䣬ֱڶԼ
糿ʱĬĬ飬˵أԵڸԼɫ糯ʱ룬ˣԼߵ죬ͻȻ˵Ļȷʵ׵
Ȼʺޡ
ǣϡ
¥һǣͱվһ
ҿԶ˵ţʵ޷ͻڱ߳ǵӡ
ʵͦõġ
϶ãûк۶ߣ϶Բ˯á
һЦˣʲô£
ҿͻϺ
ΪΣ
ѵ㲻֪ѡ飿
üͷһֻǳӣܹʵ顣
㿴ڵӾƭˣ϶ֻ֪㣬Ĵˣôѵӣŵǻ²Ҫѡͷ϶ܡ
š
ʲôţ
һ˵ʲô
ҷۣǶ˵ϵˣѵ㲻ȰȰϣҪѡҲȹЩӡ
ҲѴ
ôǻˣϾڻݲͬҲֻһˣʱ֪ж˽϶һĿӡ
ЩǵūŸòĵġ
Ҳ뿴ί
ˣЩȥ
ˡ˵꣬뿪
ȥıӰҡҡͷû䣬ֻˣѾʱ̫ӣ˵ĻֻܷҲܸ
óӣܺúû
ϴӳٹԳ޺ϣḣ¡
ˡԳϴһ㺢Ƣе۷һߡ
ĸ˵þûˣԴʱ䳤˵㡣
Գϴ޺ߵǰϣϵ顤
£ǳ檵ĲԡϴԳϵĻ
ҵĲԣҡ
ѡǺ飬¼Ȼˣ檾ȥš
Գϵ˲ȥôþΪ˸ǸΪ˸ѡΪԣ󹬡
ãһ仰û˵ϣ仰û˵꣬Ǵϡ
Ըѡ
峺ӿǡ
ãȻ޵ĻʺԸΪѡĽܡ˵꣬ԳϷŭ뿪
ϲףӦøѵԼã                        
лҪ˵Ԥġ°˻ʺ󡷵רղأôôա

71

Ȼ, ĵ׵
ǰϵӣС˵ţ, ¸ղҪǸ, ˵˻ϵġ
Ŀⲻ֪ںδ, ͷ˵ܡ
֪Լʧһ֮ķ緶˭Լɷ󹬼Ⱥ, һһĽ, ҪȵĽܡ


ʲô˵
ֻýеĻջȥ
Ըȥ, øﶼѾѡ֮ϡ
ǡҲԸӦ֪Լ϶ҲǲԸġ
ѡ֮´Գϴ˰ۣ˿ûסԼʲôؿھǶµûš
Ҫѡ, ͽܡ
ҴŷǹŮ˾·, Զվŵ, Ŀ, Ȼġ
˵Ȼع
ǡ
Ů·뿪, ҳȥ
ͳôУ
ǹнͳ, ʹİȫ
Ǹģ졤
̧֣Ҷǵˣͳ첻𡣡
ҡ
ͳҪû£ūȸˡ˵꣬˿뿪
תıӰʧӿͷ
֣̫ˡ
ȥӭ֣ܡ
ܡ
֣ǳǳЦ, 𡣡
ôҪ𣿡
֣ܵͷԳϵǻʱտʼµҲǸһõδԶĺá
ڹзҪע⡣
׵ģȥ𣿡
֣ϸЦݣ뵽뿪ڣҪġ
Ȼظһˣȥ߿
ţź˾С
˵˵Ҫȥˣ
ϵͷȥǵģ̫һȥ
򲻿ɣǷζ
ȻףҲδͻ𡣡
ס˵ģǧκϣҪŴöԼ
ţס
ʱҲˣȻˣұ
ϵͷ֣ǹſڡߵ𽥵뿪һ֮УǰֻҪԳڣʲôν
𽥵ģԳϵĺҲڷ룬гһգ֮Ҳֻʣ¾ϵ
źüûԳϣȥԶĵطǳٹ̫ԴȵȥһղһգһͺǸҩ
ãϴȥٹ̫ϷԺ￴
ʺ󰡡
ĸʲôֱ˵
ͻߵ첻ףһҪ໥Σܱ˵ʲôʲô㶼Ҫķޣվߵ㡣
ϵͷϱס
׾ͺãʱղ࣬ϣǺúõģҪ˼϶
Ϊ̫Ҫ˵Щչе϶Ҳˡ
ѡ󹬿϶ҪģҲ̫ϣЩƲˣǻʺҲͷҰ
ס
ҪͻҪһĲźáˣЩȥɣ
ǣĸ
̫ݲ뿪߳ٹͣ²룬ȥٻ
ǡ
ϵٻ·ͻȻַˣͣ
ôˣʡ
ȥɡ
ǣطǹ
Ҳ֪ģȥ֪ȥٻҪԳϡ
ǹϣԶԶһվڹſڡ
Խſվŵˣſڣڵͣ
ǡ
ߵǰ
ūżʺ
񣬹ҪȥĶ

һҪ뿪ˣǸ˵ġ
Ҫ𣿡
ǵģҪȥѣȻȥϡ
ͦõġ
ūˣﱣء
š
ϿԶȥˣЩ귽ȵ۸ǰǲ٣ϷҲǸһõꡣ
ǵõ˵Խǻ׽ˣԽûк³Ϊ֪̫ࡣ
ٻǱˣ˵͹ȥĻˣС⡣
֪ˣѡ
Ů΢΢̧ۿһۣḣǣʺ
ǹŮһߣҿڣڸ̨£ȻȥĻ϶⣬Ǿʱѡˡ
ѡǻģڵĶ⣬ȻҪѡΪֹ
ôôִ
̾űңڲѡδСǼҹ󹬡
Щʵ
ϻҪѡ鴫Գ϶
ԳһѺеۣѡ޵ҪҪִʲôʱ򡣡
ǻʺˣһҲѡūµˡ
ЩͲġ
Դһ仰Ҳ˵
º
۶飬Գˡ
檼ϡ
ߵʡ
Գһѽ۶ѧʲô
ĸڽ̶ʶ֡
ѧ𣿡
ѧˡ
ԳϷº۶Ѵȴȥ
ǡ
ԳɨһۣߵԲǰ£еˡ
СŪСˣ𣿡
á
ϷԸȥվһźԳʵǲϰߣ֣һô뿴ҡ
ԳֽԼϵĳƺҡ
檲ҡ
ԳЦһҿ͸ңҲ㣬ʹԶҡ
æѡ飬ʵûпȫ
Գɫ΢䣬ϡ
ѵĲ֪ģ
檲Ҳ¡
ˡԳϣ֪֮ʱİԶ
Լǰ˳檣Ҳҡ
ǰһҲı䡣
ϵĻȻϣ˵ϴǳ檵Ĳԣǣϲŵǻ󹬿տյȷʵãӦѡλǿӣù̻ϵλá
ԳһŭеĲ豭Ʒڵء
ŵϡŮæ¡
ѵλҪỤ̊ҿϣѡҲһеȨʹ
Ͼ㵵ĿȻԼ
ôͱ˷ԼķѵһʼҪѡģ
ôĴˣ
Գϼϲ˵ĺʱǷ֮ôѹͨ
Ҫѡѡ˭ԡ˵꣬ԳϷȥ
״ϽϵݻϲǸ˼ˡ
ҶයϽȥ
ҴӳԳŭ뿪ϽݣϹڵϣôˣ
ҡҡͷűҵֱվ
ͻϳˣ
ϳĬҸ߶Ȼµó
ǱҶ졣Ѿǰ̫ӣǾݸ߹ҪΪһʱͻ϶
˵ǻʺסĵطһĻѡӣɱ˫ۣʱ򡤡
̾ʲô˵
ЩΣӵҲҶԡ
ϺԳս֮УÿջڿŮ񣬴òѡ
ȥģԳϷ
Ҳйֲиѡš
ҪޣԳƢùɢȥ˭
ͷԳ͸ķذף˭ͷ
û˻Ӧţȷʵ΢ĽŲذվԭأҪ˭ô󵨴
ӺһƿӴеذѾ׼ãֻҪԷһ֡
߽ʱ𾪣ȻֻŮ˰һϳ
еذ߹ȥҪ߽ʱסŲùãôô߲ͣٺüβ˵ꡣ
ժŰͷɴ漴ͨһڵϣʺ
ùáϿٵİ۲ѣӵϷ
ùã⵽ô£
ָ̧Լٵİ¸Դˮ䡣ᣬù˵޺ȥ
û뵽ټͻϣǴ巹ϫˣǸˣ֪Ҳİ
ùüȻ˾⹬Уڰߡùöĺãһһǵá
ȥĻʺ᲻ܿƵĻ䡣תͷϣɿ֣ǰʺһҪΪﱨ𰡣
Ͼ㵣
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һֱͬŮû뵽ĳ˴ñūײūֻūｫūͳū׼ͻϣȴû뵽µ˷֣һڡΪ˱ūԼ
Ͽû뵽ԼٵԼ
̫Ӹϵǲģ
ͷʱūϫҪȨ»ϻϫһдǷš
ںܶ鶼˵ͨˣһδηŹϫһǲ֪ûǷţԳҲŹǡ
ֻԳ֮֮һȴû뵽ĸˡ
ʺͻһҪΪﱨ𰡣
Ͻס֣ù÷ģ½ҡùþ⹬кúסȥٸ˺㡣
ҡͷˣȻūߡ
ùá
סϵ֣ڽһլӣūͬȥи顣
ϼִ⣬Ҳǿáȡһľӣװϲõ鱦ΣùôϣԱʱ֮衣
ѣϸߣĸڵĻ͸࣬Ҳĸӹв뿪
ڤڤ̫֮Ĳ
ϰߣ˰бͷһ·ϣҲ빬κεǣǣҡ
½ʱһ԰׷ԲԵ֪Яվ·߶Ц֪ǹúܺãԶϵá
̤⹬УΪΰҲԸص⾩ҲԸ롣̫̫Ĺɼ
Զľɫʵĸǰһ뻹һʱ顣
һе׻һֶŮ
ϫˡ
ŤͷȥԴӹΧ֮һο£ɫ˫ĿѴҲݳޡ
վһ࣬ҳʺﻹ밲
ֻһ۲м
㡤
̧֣ұ죬Цһڣϫǲλϣ
ֻҵʱˣѹû顣
Цݵɨһ²ϧûкҩ
ϻվߵߣӰǰϫӦöϤϤ
±Ӳϸܵ΢ı仯ϫûлʲôƩ硤ץļ°ŵ»ɢͣš
ϫûлأ
²ͫײͣԺһӸﶨڵϺ泯ϵӣǿѪ۾ſ
ͻȻ˴̼һ㣬ſңӣſҡѾϣǱĹѹš
𣿸ͳսĸ㱻۸ӵϸģ
²ͣҡͷ˵ţǡǡĿݣŤͷϣһж㣬Ϊ㡣
Ҫ㣬ڵһжҵġùһֱϣҳΪӣǱռȥһж㺦ġ
Ϊβ룬Ϊʲôĸûѡ㣿һжΪļģխ㡣
ǡ·ϡ
ΪŻᵼĸ㣬ѡˣȻûңҲֲ¡
˵
㿴㻹ˡͲǴɱԼĹùá
ͻȻǡǡԺвֽͣﶨȥһĻǵģҡ
㣬㽫ʺȥġϲ̼ͣҪ裬ⱲӲðʹ֮С
һ뵽Լһʬ޲ȥ뵽ôõĸ޲ýǧС
ǣҡһѵǯˣϣϷӦ׽ס˫֣ˡ
ĹϥǶµѣһڵϣ첲ںϡ
ϫ·ϣͼ˺죬ϫ̤벽
ϡ´𣬡úݡ˵꣬ѵǯˣֱӳ⣬ֱֱˤȥ
ȥһ˲ֱ漴
ϫ
Ͽ¥µһˣΪ׵ԳϣϫԳĿԳеĲ⡣
ȥ±ǿǰͣһ棬£ϫûˡ
ѾӸ¥ԳڣΪʲôô
ûκβ˵
Գһȥ
ҼԼίС˵ţΪβ߱£»ġ
޶֤
ҾԼԽԽִЩú˵϶Խġ
Գ϶Լı飬ֱӽϵˤڵϣ浱޷ɣ
£϶Ҳϣܺú˵Ҳܲίȫ
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ǡ
ǹ˴һΪѣŵӴԳϣ£ʺ˵ϫܺᣬϫﳼﳼܺᡣ
ԳһѽеӶڰϣֻõͷ룬ۺ󳳼ܣĹȻЩūŵġ
ڼݷǹ
ǣ¡
ǹ
Ժι㣬ſڹ˸߳ϼݵ
ϸϽеϵݸŮ첽߹ȥӭӣ檲μϡ
ɣ
лϡ
ϻûԳѾǴ߹ݡԸŮȥ׼ˮģȻ߽ȥ
վȣԳʣΪβ׼ϫᡣ
ﳼ
ϫ췴ûжĹϵ
ϵĮĿ⿴ֻ֪ԺᣬǻҪᣬһ
㡤ԽԽ޷ˣ㽫ϫ̨ˤһֻ۱һֻۡϫֹ±˲֪ϫʫݺġ
ϻ£ֻ˳檸ģ
һ㣬ϫкγԹ
޳Թ
ԳЦһΪʲôҪ
ֱֱţĬ
ϡԳ̾Ϣһʺ󰡻ʺ˵ʲôã֮£иġ
ڵϣǳҲֻܸ߻ϣһ
ԳϲϵģȻ뿪
ϱᣬϴӵϷΪʲô߱£ϫǺȻʺ֡
˵
֮˵Ļ϶ŵġ
ūί
Ҳ֪ΪԳҪºᣬ±ϾҵĺҲΪսȻ·ϣԽһ
ҲǸһ
һҪȥˡ
ԳϺվ⣬ԳϿڣԭΪõһУδһлԽԽãȴû뵽ȴǱۡ
鿴Գϣе˼
ҲСˣҲÿǿԼĴˡԳϻعͷ
ʱû
ûǵģûоûʺڿÿԵúܡ
á
˵ܿŮ˵ģ
Ӧ뿴ʺ
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Ϊ֮Ҫľǲ¼ɣʲôֱӸ߻ʺҲὫе߻ϣòȥ
Ϊʺģ
ֻ֪Ǿ֮͸̹ϣһ̹ϣԷҲ֪޲ԡ
ԳЦû뵽ս仹ᶮЩ
мҪ㣬ϫᣬȥǹֹʺ
ǡ
ڵĻʺǿϫԩ޳ȴҪֹ޺
һ㶣ʺԼ뷨
ǰЩСԹΪҳݡ

ʹˮˢţɫƬҲϴһ顣
Ŷ񣬱ҳɡߵſڣվס
ʺˡϷԸﲻ빬
ÿ
ˡԼȫڵϣ赲ϳš
֪Щ¸Ǿ򲻹
ʵҲҪֻҪһˡ
Уȥ߻ϣǺϫĸð
̧ͷϡ
ǡ
˴곯ȥ
ԳϿȫʪ͸ûס
ǡ£ʺóתǺϫ̫᲻ð
Գһ㶣ʲô˼
ղܵһʱ򣬱ҳ̫ϫ̨ȥˤģԻʺŻͬķʽȥ
˼ǣ̫ϫɵġ
Գϴһİ𣬡ּ⣬ϫᡣ
ȥҪȥǹ
ڼݷǹ
ǡ
֪ԳϿ϶ԿԳʱȣҲΪ˵
檡
ɣԳЩͷ
ĸйϵ
ǡ
Ϊʲô-㲻˵
˵ˣϻ𣿡
Գסܲ
ô£
ùûǰЩҡ
Ϊʲôң
Ϊˣܿ£ȥϣŵϡ֪Ƿ񻹼ǵãϫһҧùĸȥģҶ֪ùôСĸߣĸĶʲôҲ벻
Ϊĸȥ˸Ͳùã¡½ڵĹŮɱˣΨùӵˣƵùϣת˴ҵע
ùΪʲôݣ
ȵ׷飬һֱڷвҳѰϺ󣬷ġһʱǣȴû뵽һ׷ģĵҹ˴һδԺδ˲µҵԻò㻹ǵ֮ǰŸ˵ĸϫйϵŵ˾ùá
ùĶҪ
Ѿŷȥ˽ϡ
Գȭͷ𣬡޺Ϳ
ϵ֣ϣˡ
ҡҡͷ
Գ˵Ļ˵޲ҪΪ󹬡
Ǳ߸ֵЦݡ
ϣҵĲԡ֮ǰһֱ˵̬޲֪κ㿪ڣ¹ϵԽԽ
һжȥˡ
ԳϱסϣҵΨһ
ѡ޶Ӧ
ǳǳһЦš
ֻҪΪŮ
á
˽֮ԳֱּڣĹܸѡ
Ϊˣﶨ۽Գϣȵۼݱﶨ۾ھԳϵǻھǣǽѧ
ﶨҲΪ˹ĵλ𽥵ҺҲ
ﶨ۶ӾǣҲͻ˺
ϣҪࡣ
˾˿ԳϽҲ֪Ŀģ֪˾˽Ϊ¡
Ϊ¡
ﶨ۵ͷ˵ϫ˴Ͼ޹ģϾҲϣܿ¸׵ķϣջس
Ǿ˾֪ԭ򣬾˾˿϶˵޲ΪϫǨŭӦá
˾֪ĸ󵽵ô𣿡
ﶨҡͷ
ĸǱȥˤģ۰ֶŮȥġ
ʲôﶨȻ
µ棿
ǧȷ
ﶨ£ǳĴûʺ빬УĸңҵΪ
˾˲𡣡ԳϷ޲ܺ
ﶨȻѾûʲô˵ģüȻǱԼ˺
ҵΪ˹ʺڹеĵλ˶Ѫû뵽ȴǱԼ˺ġ
ǼŲң๼
ϺԳϽ⿪飬
ԳȵۻڵʱἰݱԺϣܽӻָݡȵ۰Ĺǰж԰һֱпǷ
ϣȥѰӻΣ
Ͼÿԣǲ֪ԸԸϾǺ̫ĹϵҲ̫á
Ѿ뿪ȥأԳҲһͬȥȴԸ뿪ǣԼ뿪ġ
Ҫȥϴ˵Ǻ¿һҩ̡
У黤ȥ
á
ϵڶ̣СԺ
ͣҩſڣҷ³
̧ͷдšҩ̡
ſڽﲻվһųȥ
ڸץҩתͿ߽ˣһ˲ۿʡ
һ
ǳǳһЦС㡣
أ
Сںæµүȥ˼пȥˡ
ȥ
ƵƵͷʣûץҩӽĹˣϳԺȥ
С㣬С㣬˭ˣ
תͷϣϲ
ϣԣӦǻʺ
һǰϡ
ͷţϽȥݲ衣
飬ЦЦ
ǽȥ˵
á
Ͻݣôң
ģ
ôˣ
ȥ
΢΢һ㶣ҡͷãͦϲġ⣬ûô๴Ķǵ顣Һҩ̵ԽԽã
æžܾԵ»һ¡
ҵġ
ס֣˵ţֲֻȥô򵥣ǸԣһҪָݣȥ
ʣۿĵΣʼݱûлȥ
ϣȥת֣ʵˣĲ뵱ʲôֻ뵱ͨˡ
ȨҲϲ㿴ڵĹУˣĸҲǲģҲֻ˳ڵľ档
̫ˣҲϲ
Ӱѡ񣬡ãҺһ㡣
š
꣬ϺЩȣô
Ȼʲôߵʺ
ض񣬿
ô
ߵߣһԴǳ˿ǸľԴϴԶ϶ΪǰȻ㿴
ڴЦ֪ΪʲôԸȥˡ
ҲԸ
ȻˣͶס
Ǿͻȥ
ô졣ЩֲϣѵһΡ
Ժеʱ䡣
аɣǽҪ㰤˯
ϿһۣЦǡ
˯ͷʶȤ

72

ϺͰҹ̸, ·صСʱ
ʱ°¶ʱϽ, ʱʱ, Ѿסڳ, ˶ڱ졣
ҹƺֻص˴ǰ
ϣһ顣
ϲͷȥ, ʲô£
мһֱû, 㲻һֱ֪ˮ˭𣿡
Ǹʵ, ʱҲǷĿɳһֱû˵ȥôãҲӦ÷ˡ
ţȥˡ
һ, ѾŤת˾, ЩѾ
ʵǼǿһ, ûʲô
֪

׼ؾ, ½͵⡣
·עⰲȫ
ҲҪչ˺Լ
ͷ, ǻġ
, ƿӣվ·ϵˣǻȥɣ
֪
ǰУǿŵˮ
س̵·ƺʱҪ죬;ͣϢ
ȥԶȥѵĺԭǵĹô׳
ˮ𣿡
ͷ, 齫еˮݸҡҡͷ
ջȥ
ǲÿд˶عӣڻ֮С
ǰɣ
Цţ飬лл㡣
û飬ЩԳϸ첻ɡ
ﲻл

ʲô
ҡҡͷʣƺҲûʳɡ
߰ɣЩȥ
ѾǸ·̡
ʱĶһץסϵ֣
ĻԶ
Ӧòһˡ
Ҽţ֪ʲô飬߹ôˣ
׷
һô죿
빬ʱϲģֻͬб
Ͻ
á
ϺͱҸϽԳȥܡ
óѳһѸҡ
Ҳᡣ
ҿ
ҴûùĲġ
ûãƺϻûüͷȥһ֧ǵϣҵм䣬ŵĲιȥ
ңסˡ۷ʲô飬ֻסܣһҪܳȥ

ʲô˵һҪܣ֪𣿡
ҵͷҪСġ
Χסֻͣ
ƿӳȥܵĺˣŰǺˣ
ȡͷˡΪ׵˵껰ʹϷеĳǷԳһѵס
ߡ
ҲϷֱ
״һŽȥϽȥϣ˱ҸߣӦ
У˲еġ
Ϊ׵˷ɹɱ
һһ˶вЩӦöѵġ
齫˴ſڵϣϽƷܣĸɱͿʼ׷ǡ
Ͻŵײȵһʯӣһˤڵϡ
ѿڶϡ
ץֱǰܣûã˱㱻׷ϣΧס
齫ǰ˭ġ
˭ľͲǹʡ
ҲӦס
ٷϻΪ׵˳ǳ
һѵסһֻקϣϳһӻƶԷ·
ĺܿʹˡ
ȻֻŴˣûע⵽ˣ鷴Ӧӽʱ˵ĳ첲ˡ
üͷһ壬Ѫ
顣ע⵽˵ĸ첲
û¡
Ϲź˵ĺ˳ӽסһŽԷ߿
Уסǣܡ
УҲ㡣
ڲңǰңǷֿź
Ͼ˵еµʱѲô죿
ˣ𣿡
Եġ
Ǻá
ɿ֣ҰǶϽܡ
š
齫ȫſϣϼ״תϽܡҲ˼ֱ۵˿𽥷˽Ų
Ϊ׵ĺ˿ˣ˵ţԻʺΪɱ
ǡ
֪ǳ϶˳ȥϽס
ƴǰܣȴԼܴ·ǰ£Ѿ·ߡ
ʱֺˡ
ʺ㿴үŹ㣬עڡ
˼ͷһٺֻеȥ
Ҳֻ֪·һӦÿԸң˭ģ
µҾ͸㣬̫
ļһȻǹùãǶŹˣȻŹԼ
ٿһľ
ʺҪҶ֣ѡ˶أ
Լ
룬ȥһϣ
롣
תԶΨһ뵽Ǻ۶ԳϣӲһأϣܺúûš
ĺ۶ԭĸܿ㳤
ϻ۾һԾ¡
ϡ
һ鿴ϷԾ£ıһŽ߿Ϸȥ
׹ıϸ죬ܿƽУϽס
۾ϸۣܵʱͷǧӿ
鿴±ϵ٣һץס˵棬ϵڱϺݺײһѡ
㿴Աߵץס
ϵͷɿ֡
£ץ㣬ֵġֱϵѪֱҧš
ҧ´һѹȥץס
µʯͷϡ
ָʾ
᲻ң
ϵͷǰʱѧһ㣬ʱԼǽ֡
㿴Ƚ£һץȥҵָʾ
á
һһָһ£ʵѾ͸֧ˣǿš
ֱϰȫأһ
Ͽ黹мˣ˵ţ飬㡣
԰׵ɫϼһĨЦݣ֧ˤ
顣
顣
ˤεڲݴע⵽ĸ첲ƤѾ֪˶ѪŰֱ۶Ⱦˡ
ֱӽȹ˺ס˿ڣѪ
һΧȫֲݴԡûߵĵطǸɽȡ
ϿԶйȪˮɽɽȪˮγɵСϪƺܺõĲݴڸס
ͷʵˣҲСֻýӵק𣬵ûڼϣֻȥˡ
˺üζûа鿸ڼϣǷˡ
ߣôôأ
ˣҲŪ㣬ɣ
϶鿴˰죬ͻȻ룬һҲôãҲûߵһ
֮ǰģû뵽Ƕˡ
̧ͷգϣҵǡ
ܵĹٸҪһ֧ٱ
˭м
ǻʺߵĴŮվҪȥ
ʺţʺôСطҲݸ壬ȥ
Ҽǲ̬ȣϽĻʺó
еƣŵȷ¡
СĲ֪ǴŮݵС
ٷϻҰŹٱʺҪʲôʧͷȥϡ
ǡŵöͷð

ҹɫԳϻ飬£ͳ

ǡ
ȥ첽ȭϣʺˡ
ʲôԳһվô£
ʺﱻ׷ɱ䲻
Գסˣߡ
ϡ
Ҫȥʺ
ǡ
ɽȼ䣬ɲһѻʱʱ顣
Ҳ֪ʲôʱѹ˿Ѿϴ˲ҩϣҹҪѲӦÿԡ
Ūһ»ʱһʹӦ±ײˡ˺һ
ʱ黺ۣ߶ӳС

̧ͷȥˣ
黺ϵ˿۵˻һ
û°ɣ
ҡҡͷ
ͷһԼֱϰ˿ڣӦϸŪġ
ߵԱߣϯضҪ취ȥ
ţϪӦ˳žͿԳȥֻǻ߶֪ܵ
룬Ӧҵ˾ȱ
ҵˣδҵ
ϵͷȽϹȥ취
á
û뵽κһһǶ༸ĻᣬҲ
ϡ
̧ͷǳƺɣ
һЦǳԽˡ
顣ĿӦûǵһҵģȻһܶı䣬Զı䲻еĵλֻ͵ġ
֪һ˺ܶ˺飬һҲֲˡ
ϳ˳ǣ飬ҲҪĳ
Ҫһӡ
ǵ

73


ɫѾ, ۣǰĲҲϨţӦǴѵھûϢ

ϸҡͷ, Ӿ͹С
ǳǳһЦ, Ϻǲ˼
·óҰ, һ£ҸղֻҵЩ
ллϽӹȥ
Ҹղ˳һµ, ϪӦǿԳȥġ
ϵͷ, ֻҪߵߵĴ·, Ǿͺðˡ
ţȳԡߣߡ
ͷҧһڣӻûг׳죬ʱȴ쳣ĺó, ˳
һ뵽û, ҪԼһ, Ѿˡ
ϿٳԷ, Ҫȥ, Ҫȥ۶
߰ɣ
á
ǰ, ں档
ע¡
֪
Ϫķߣ˴Լ죬µ·û߹ѾǺܶˣ챻ľ
Ҫ֧ڣҪҪϢһ
ҡͷԼȥͲ
𣿡

ԽԽס, ʯͷ£ϢһȥҵԵġ
ϿıӰĵЩο
Ȼһ֮佻ûж٣ÿһһض顣
һԵûнڲŻһһس¡
ϵһ鱧һ󱧹ӻϹźˮͷϲ֦еЦ
Ǳ˴𣿡̲סЦ
ôЦ𣿡
еġָָͷϡ
ôˣͷϵҶ֦˼˵һЦˡ
ȳԹӡ
ժһŸɾҶӷ档
ŪʳֻгԹӽһ¡
ûµġ
гԶˣֻȥĺ۶
ʱһߣҴ˽;ĵطҹˡ
ҹô죿ҵĵطұˣûпʺ
ҵһۣҰҲǶŵԴ
ǡ
ҵϵȥϡ
ҹһĵط
վ±ϣ룬ûпܵȥ
ҹд򶷵ĺۼ
һͷ˵ĺۼӼᶨԼ뷨ȥ
ȥ
ԣȥˡ
СҲ֪ȥ
Ǿȥңҵȥĵط
ˣū֪һȥֻﵽǱ߻Ҫһʱ
·ָ
ǣҹ
ȥ;ԳϺ
ҸϽ£ūߵϡ
μϡ
ʺأ
ǻҡ
֮ڱҵ
ǣ¡
ϺԳ˲֪೤ľ룬ûҵͨе·
ǻ᲻߲ȥѾЩɥ
ģǼǰߡ
ϵͷҪ߳ȥò׻϶߳ȥġ
ߵɫˣ˵ЪϢһڸ·
ϵͷӦҪľˣܼȥ᳹͸֧
ϢȥҸɲ
Һһȥ
Щ£顣
ɲһʵǲ붯ˣһߵʯͷϿľȡŪ˺þòɹ
ţûһɹ
ĵЩŪҪ˲ųɹ
ôôȼģ
ܼ򵥡
Ȼ֪򵥣򵥣
飬Ϊʲôף
΢΢һ㶣̧ͷϣȻͷܲ𣬡ûкʵģ
㲻ϲ𣿡Ϲ˵š
ޱ飬Ų
Ϊʲôһȥȡ
Ҳϲ
𣿡
Ȥˣ뿴鲻ˬӣʵõģһȥȡһҸġѾˣͲһˣ˵Ǵɻ䡣
˵鶼ЦҴû˵Ķ
ŶһΪĵŰ
Ĳϡ
飬ô˵
ﶼ˵ˣ˵ʲô
ʵ˸һˡ
š
ʱһߣѰǵˣһѻѡ
ʺ
򽫾
ϡ
һȺ˲ͣĺ
Ǳߣ֪˶ãںԼֲȷ
飬ǲںǡ
䣬û
ȴǸ˵Ļںǣںǡ
һΣҲˡ
ûôˣ෴ϣܳһҵǡ
ι

ԳϵǱ
Ҳǻʺ
ܿ죬ҵϡ
ϿԳϣɿܹȥ˽ӵ
ϣûˣ
Ϻۿҡͷ򽫾ˣȥ
ԳϿȷʵû£ŵĲ£֪˭׷ɱ𣿡
ȥ˵𣿡
á
صУϸϽһ裬ϴһණ
ԡ꣬Գ
˭Ҫ㣿
̫׷ɱǵ׿˵ġ
Գȭһȭϣ޷һû뵽Ȼˣһ޲ƹ
ϡͻȻ¡
ϣǡ
֪Ͽ϶ϣȥأּ뾩ǰҵ˴檣ϣڻǰԼ䣬̫ȥءȻ֮ǰûȥγϣּȥ
檲Ϊ˱ģֻ˵Ըжεġ
ϣⲻΪ𣿡
лˡڵϡ
Գҡҡͷ޴Ӧɣ
лϡ
Գߣ飬˵ţԸֻƽաʵγȥµӣͦĽġ
ҴС֪Ҫļ򵥣ԿпޣЩǺں
ףҪʲôɣ
š
º̫ݱԳա
̫ݱ󣬰»һξǣǴĻģģ϶˹в֪ġ
ʱԼĵһӣѾ¡
Ҳȥһ»ϵġ
ڰȥʱ׼һѵϵĶҪúչ˰ĸ׵֪У뿪ʱҲһͬȥˡ

Գϵǻһʱ䣬վڳ¥ϣŽµĹ
ӱᵽ߳ǣǴδгһջܻصǣûվطǡ
һУǸ롣
ԼǾ˶ٲߵĽ죬ԲŸϧ
ϡ
̧ͷȴš
õĺɽֻҪҿ
ݸһЦšúõĻţúߡ
Ҫúõס⽭ɽˣҾͽ۶ʱǾͿʼ硣
ϵͷԴļϡ
ҪĲֻ࣬иЯȥ
ǰ͸ˣߺÿһ


1

í
ѩŶ, ;ִí⣬ƿӿ档
ڵíǴݲȥһƬ, Ժ, ӵԱߵķ޽ʮַ, жǸеģ
ִ⣬˺, 
ѩƿ, , ²ߵӣƿǰģȥ
Ҫ߽ȥ
סڹ
ǣҪȥĸ밲, ٻȥ
á
ѩ, ȿĻʹ˵Ĳһ㡣
, , û´ĻӦþí
, μĸ󡣡
񡣡
, ӿӭȢ
ǵģ
Ա߲֪˭ڣ˵ʲôǸӣôİȢӻ
˶һ̣黹¡
Ͳ海˲ġ
ˣǶˣЩȥϢ
, ĸ󡣶ˡ
߳Уѩڣ˻ûҶ֪Ǹˡ
Щղ˵λ海ˡ
ѩ֪뿪еɳƺͬ˵ĵλ൱ӡ

ԺһŮӣŷɫѣڲ廨
ŮҴææˣүˡ
𣿡Ү˷ܵվȥӭӡ
үѾظ
ѾظˣΪʲô֪ͨҡ
ǵġŮ֧֧ģүһ˻ġ
˭
ŮԴ˵ţӿ
Үһιȥ˺˼ס
ˣû°ɣ
Үҡҡͷ񣬡ȥ
ǡ
ҮѩʱѩһڷԸѡ˼λŮź
ѩڷתƣһתͷ߽ˣ´һ
ʰˡ
ѩ̫ʲô˼û̫⡣
Үǰסѩ֣Ǵӿá
ã
ѩüͷһ壬Լֳ˵ţ˭
˸ܣλȽһˡ
ѩˣ൱ǿĲ
ܣѩĵЩʹ죬˵ţ˵һӽŮˣҾͳƺΪðɣ
ʱҮɫ΢䣬Ҫš
ţãҪʲôҪãû㰲š
Ҫһѹ٣Ѱ𣿡
Ȼԣ
ллá
Ү߳ѩסķ䣬ûѪû뵽ɫȽ˻á
Ҳʲôͷ
ū澶ˣ˵ǿүŮùǵӣټ޸үʱΪ˿ֻ˵Ӳʹ
Ӳʹ
ô񣬷Ӻܺʹ
ǰ⡣
ȷ
ǧȷ
ҮһЦа취ó֮λˣһӻ뵱Ρ
Ү񣬡ү
š̬Ⱥ䵭ΪʼѹӭȢǱȢģССļıֻΪԼˡ
ղų檼ǲ
š߹
Үϱ˺ݺһƵģ۶뿴ԼСһ𳤴ﲻǸˡ
УһҪӸǸϳí
࣬ȥҵֹүŮ˳Ϊ
үȢˡ
Ȣûʽ顣
ǣūȥ
ţһضŮ㲻
񿴵ѩò١ѩ÷ŮȥŹϣһѽѹϡ
ʵҽ㵽Ȣ˶ڸзš
һѾˡ
Ȼˣһ͸ˡ
һЦѵ
磬ɲҵĵ̣ҿɲΣҪҵĵַ̣˵˵ɣʲôͷҺõܲܵ
һĺܳô˵أȷʵͦǿģ㲻õģҿ϶㡣
ʲôģ
ĸͬĸĽܡ
ѩͷˣıá
Ҿȷʵﲻ𣬲˺ϲսԵĶģ£ҾԲ
ѩȻףطΪΪģ¶˼˵ˣΡ
Ȱѵظ֮ٸΡ

ѩٽУе㷳飬֪ʱͰٽһܻųͲˡ
УһȥͿ棬ʮֺͰ
ˣվžСɲһ¾Ͳ군ˡ
ǳǳһЦɣﵱԼþ
ѩ룬ͲԼУôˡ
עӵ£ˡ
ͬ
˵
ȻڿѾףϾûíĻʱһ˵λݣ𣿡
˼ǣҾһ
ǵġ
ѩһЦаǾһؿϾڿȢģҪġǳֻһȥźá
ѩ֪뷨϶ģӦò롣
Ͱɫ˲ˣʼͱˣһӲʲôʸíӵδ󡣡
ûʸ˵㣬ΪҲʺϣһȥҲرϡǿκη涼ҪíӿҲ޵
㡤
ѩѪ
ߵĹŮ󸧵ؿڣѩ󵨣Ҷײ󡣡
ղ˵ˣϿҵȻˣҲͲíˣϵвһƽĸ˶ѡ
ֱ̫ˡĲС
лл佱Ҫûб飬ȸǡ
㡤㡤һȢ㣬ֱ̫Ŀˡ
ѩѾ˼ŤͷаǾһȥǻŵģǷڣһȥҲɡǣӽǿԲٺ
˵꣬ѩ뿪һ̶
ĺַȽڵڡ
ңҲ˲
ѩһߣĵ£ؿֱУԲС˾ԲܳΪ̫ˡ
ǰû˸ײģ̫ˡԺ󱳺пĿˣҿֻԮ
ȥȥҮнֻкҮһֲܰŮ˸ŪȥĳΪǻҪ
ǣ󡣡
ѩһû뵽ɵĵһ¾ǰˡ
룬̫סˡȫϽ㶣Ժ
Ҳ֪Ǵˡ

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