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1 

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ʹϮ˲䣬ӣ룬ûѱˣһĿ
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ͻȻ䣬Լһɾ޴һ䣬ƺǸСĿڷ·Żգӣʹٴʧȥ֪
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ǵ񶾵˵š㻹ġǸˣԼΨһİӴСԼ
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ӣһֻ˱ߵĴִɴ롣
аðˮǸղϹӴȳǿƹﻻġˮŹ˵ζŶ˫ֵݵӣУǰ򲻻ڵġ
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ӣ۵Сۡ
ˣˡӵģǰһѾˡôһָȻֹֹӣԻתӡ


2 

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ŮܲסСС˺󣬴ǿбΪ潡תͷܵļơ
ӵģʣһˣʲôŮˡǾӣŴĿƷݶ˵ּ꣬ۿץסҪתţ˳žôһŤ
СһɫıŤ͵ӣǰ
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һ̣Żҵͣͷܡѩ·ټǸϹӣת˲ĹѾˤѩ
Ź˲ְۣ˽ʱǺСѾ
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һ߿һֱѪ
Ҳˡ
ĸڱѩбһš
ӵģ¶޸ϸСţСĶ档
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СŲŽ˶ΧȥŽӣ룬ؤˣʲôʡ
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ЩĮ
Ŀ⾹Ȼӣϡ
ӣԶǣէ˶֮ʱôһˣŵģȴ޷˺ӵĿɨƬ̡

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˵꣬ӣ߽߳ѩС
Ĵ멣йɵ㡣΢ѬӣǺѣãԼߵŵ
Ȼһţ˵ûˡ
ӣڵڰС


3 


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ӣжԴֻ˵񼣡
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ӣҲͷϸϸԼ˿ڡ
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4 Ϯ

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5 ɷ

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6 

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12 Ů

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13 

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14 

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15 

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16 

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17 

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СһСҰײҰ׵ģһ߶ôֳˡ
Ŀ⿴ߵӣ
ͻȻϴӣʼֿܲı£Ҫʳ
ûҿڡ
Ͼֿӣʧһֱڻ
СҲӣһСҵʲô¡
ˡ
Щͼֿ˵ġ
Ҳ
Сſ߼һᵱżֿ棬ӣ顣
ǻӣɡ
Ĳجˡ
һ߸·˳ӣˣ֪İ顣
ĹճǸ̳ҵǧλǧڸǳΨһĵճС㡣
ԼǺ󣬵׵ýżҪż̤ƽ
ү۹ĸߡ
Ůѡãһֱûġ
С근ʮߣɴֹС
ֳСµѾͷһȴԼСϴ
ƿᣣԼС
ǰرѪȾ˰ߴ̡
СѾͷɵˡ
˻Ժдʹӣ˳ү
漴٣ֿӵϢһʱҡ
ңڸʳ⡭үΪ˺ơ
Ҳʮ塣ǰǸֺ֡ȫǵ̶ɼۣңֻһɡ
ڵ֮ǰ
ӣѾ˽
СԼĹ뷿


18 ֳ

ʮֳ
СԽԽ󣬻ûҵңٲ˵Щ
һ䴫СС
ԳС鲻ã֪ιʣһƢѾͷ˳ȥ
ѾͷΥ˯ԼС
û뵽һҹԼС뷿
ɱλСǲɱ֣ҪȼСʬ塣
Ǹ󻧣һʯʨӶı˼ҵЩ
ƽҵģЩֿѡ
ǽգΧ˿ֵİգųָָġ
һһ·ʱűСˡСڸҲףֹﱻɱ
ӣһֲССģʵڲġ
һǰһ󣬲Ŀҡ
ֵİղӣӣսЩ˵
ľȻǳҹǰЩĹ˼ҵŮеԱЩ֪ġ
ԽԽˡС㶼ˡ
ǼŮģһҪù
һ˵ܸŵͷ
˭˵ǡֱǳ԰׷ġ
ⶼˣĲ鰡ҰǹӦҿѵҪͷˡ
̨⻰˵ЩƫˡҲԸˡ˵λǸù٣ҵҵġֻǵù¡
˵Ҳ֡ʲô˼ңҶԺ˰ʮ
Сôһ㶯Ҳû֡
СĹ뷿ԺɱҪҰɡ
Ǵҵģ
ѲĻ߱ڵĹ򡭡ҶãС㶼ãЩƽ˼ңôֳ롣
ӣţҲⷬĻ΢üͷ
һűߡӣˣæ֡
˾ĿС
Ŵֲѵ˽˳ҡ
һСС
һɸ
ˡ˭Ѳ΢˽õġ
Ǹղ˵ʲô
ƺ˵ûã
ǲǡǻˡ
ЩµˣˣЩˣڳ
˳ңлԺǰֱӽӣ˴СסԺӡ
ҲǸͷ˼ҡ
ԺӲ
Сһh֡h˵е顣ԼŮȡ֣ɼҶճŮǶôءhҲ
黭ͨǸɶõĲŮ
ү۹֮ôߣŮѡֱһҲʵԼŮҪòòҪвš˼ҵĹӸ֮ϡ
hԺӽڳҺ԰
԰ԵЩֻڸ֦֦ͷðǳǳѿ
һǽ֮ǳСסġԺӣվԺ⣬Ų֣һ̾
˷ĿԺд
ӣԺӣһֻԺйһƬ
ѾͷӣСˡ
һҡ
¡
̧ӣĿһ֡
ӣ۾վһԣ۶
ֿΧűߣһֳСŵӣһ㵸ƺ˵Щʲô
ΧżֿļŮɫʮѿ
ʵһλʮӺݵĸˣһĨᣬһչֱۣſڡ
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һ顣
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ʱֿҲ̧ۿӣ۾һ·𿴵˾ǡ
Χļˡ
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Ȼɷ˵ӣӣ˵ӵġŲʬһץǼС㱨𡣱˵ֻǸСͷҾǸɣֿտգҲûʩ
ǼȻСŽȥ
ǻŮǻ𣿡
Ů
ӣգգ۾ӭϼ˻ɵĿ⡣
ˣղźͼֿļˣȻǳˡ
Ǹ쿪ֱĸˡ
ȻŸ˷٣ȴ󡣿;ǳˣȻ⸮еٷˣӵӣhɩɩ
ӣûˡ
ֻ涢һλٷˡ
գ۵ĹѾֿ̨ס
ղǼΧֿˣһʱƺЩ
ӣȻֲӡ
ȴ˸򵥵Ůӷ١
üҲܿǸŮŮδ˵Ů
˵ӪŮ

һԲģ۾ʵ
ֿͷ絷⡣ǡ
Ů˸ġһҸˣҪó󡣡Ǹӣ²ǳٷ˵Ů˼˵
ֿƺͦŮˡ
ص
ٷˣü١ǲһֱ֪ţ󣬶顣
˭ҲûΪǸ˶˵ỵ˹С


19 

ʮ³
Ȼûδޣôᱡȥ
ٷˣᱡ˶ˡֿ⡣
˲ˣҲܻø飬ǴȥǳҵţñߣҲߵĲġ
ֿŮִ
תֺˡү¾ˡŮˡǹٷ˻ִֻܴظˡ
үƺЩԥ
ԼŮ״ҡ˴ʱүţ컹úõŮôء
ȻҵףŮ
ǡ
ϱ˵ǴȥŮˣҲˡ
ҼµӢǻһүֱ˼
ʲôġѾôˣǼҫhҲǿô޶˶˵ǸɱħֻȥץˣƫҪᱡãǺξģ
ֿԣüͷ
ǴٷһԥǰŮ˼ơ

үҲĴ֮ˣƺʩ
ɳүôȢôһ
ںˡƫƫǸŮˣвŮ
ֿһӣƵǰ档
ѾͷҺ̫үţƤĺܡŮˣǵɳӣǿ
ɵƵӣ򶨵ĺܡ
λٷ˵ꡣ
Ҳûһʱ䷴
ٷ˵꣬ӣ߰ûӦ
ƺЩ޴룬ֻԼҹү߰ɣ˫hѾμˣܲô̼ˡ
⻰ƺá
үʾǰˡ
߰ɣҳҵŮֻǿЩץס֣Ů𡣡
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ӣʱŲǰһ
Գү˰ݡ
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գǷϵһ̾
СҶŮͳĽҪʲôұʲôֻһ˳ҸˡŮлŮǻ߰ɣŮߵİЩɡ
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үֻ˿ڣȷκ˫hСģСȪ֮²Ŀ
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ӣݡ
йżСѾͷһɫҰס̾һӣ˵
Ӵ⼸ǷСѾͷƫƫҹС£Ǽδⲻүͷһŭ֮£Ҫ
ӣͷеļѾͷȻʵҹûһ㶯
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Ѿͷ㿴ңҿ㣬ջǸǰѾͷ˿ڡ
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ֶ˰ݣſ˵
ūӶǸСʱõѾͷС㲻ˣū澱׷Сȥ
СδСȪ֮²ĿūһҪۿͽ
ҹСպСҹ
Сǰ۵СЪϢȥˡ
СѾͷݣҲûñȱֻСһ˷š
֪ΪΣҹССҲȥˡ
СżᷢСƢūҲСϹ
ӣͷûѾͷֵҹ£ǵһΡСǱߣѾͷֹ
⻰Ȼֹӣġ
ȻڳСѾͷӣƷƷ⻰Źζģϸ椿Ʒѣӱղ~~~~ƼƱ~~ô~~


20 

ڶʮ¾
С䡭Ѿ׼ˡÿЩװʱ
˼ң½
ˣһδ޵Ů
ӢزȻܴٴ죬Ҳѡںùײװ硣
ӣͷ֪ġ
ҲǼִֿҪԭ
ֿϵԷСŽţԲƳľҹȻѣƳӣóҵͷˡ
ӣӣҡ
Ѫζ
۾վűߡ
ǧģôİҼҷֻôһŮС۳ӡСǵճ˵Сӣ׶СʮϸСٳšǳţҲͷһ𡣴δҲ֪ôǵǰǧɱħ
ֻҪ뵽ԼСҵģ
ֹסϡϡĺӣ˵Լ
ų˼޽ҡ
Ҳǿųhģh˵ģˣҲе⡣
ϣſЩư
ǲͷ˵ҪˣжϳˣԼа
˶ˡ
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ҽݣҡ
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ɴʱѪУɫҰܣ۾ֱ㶵Ŀݶ
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ۿǼָױҪӣ
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Ů˶˶ٴתӣĶЩñǲȥ֣ȴҳҳֲݡ
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תǸԴţʼں֣Ų鰸Ůˡ
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ԣֲͷŮпλ𣿡
ֿӦĵͷһ䣬óٷ˳ʡȻΪ񣬲ʱǿһսģȻҪ֦ͬ


21 

ڶʮһ±
ӣ鲻ѣȻô
ֿҲŮ˸˻
ˣȻǳƲ⡣Ǹɱ˿ɱ˳hǵ۵ȷйʧ
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ǵʧְ
ŮҲܲ׵ں԰ɡ
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գӣǾȻãʵڲǸʺ˵ĵطοһԻһĳٷˡ
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ﲻִʵڲʺϱʬ塣
ο£ǺҲã飬Բᱩ¶ǰ
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ӣӲƣֻȻصţ鵽Ķʵ棬ŲǼֿӦöдˡ
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һģԺӣڳү߸һȻһֱЩܣĬµĳүͻȻͱɫ
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ֿҲɵ

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˼ҵļȻˣǺοֱֺۣá
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ֻҪֿ˵˲ԡԼŮǲġ
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ӣϷģһVIPλãֱѳүĹ̿˸
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Եģҵȱûȥˡ
СţӢߡ
ֿһӣ˵Ҳû˼
үɫʮѿӣ۽⿴ٷˣϵһ


22 

ڶʮ·
⣬Ľ˳ңӣú֡үһᶫһƺ
Ĵ£λүһҰԵģڹٲǰҫġ
Ѿߵһ
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ӣίʵе㡮
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ղźӣһС뷿ӣһɫ԰׵ķ˽Ժӡ
ˣλŮС㴩룬Сġ
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ԭǳһȻϲϢˡұȫλ˵ǽ˵˵һ˵СЩΪ֪ġ¡


23 

ڶʮ
ӣ˵ɣСǳЦ⻰һذըֱըԺһ
ӻ˻ΣЩ֪Ŀү
үȭͷգɫѾѿֿݵˡ
֪ӣŮʲô
hģүۿѪ˳үġ֮࣬ϸ鿴һȷŮǱһ̴Ѫ
ľǸ
үȷҲ鲻ʲô
ŮѳʵҲŮΨ֮ƣȻҪسҵ
үû뵽ֵô󣬳ⱻΧ˸ˮйͨ
ƺȫˣڴ⣬ſҵЦүż
üֿ棬棬ֿ
үֻô˼ӣϡ
û뵽ôСȻ̣áһ֡
ʱĳүֱﻢ¡ЦҼСںԺŲŲʲô¡һС˵ҪЩڵ¡
ȳҶϷӦ
ϲϷܼǧ˷Ϸĳٷַīǳˡ
ӣĵλٷϵ
˵ĻֱǱ׼𰸣Զøӷֵ֡
ӣֿ
ֲͷһڣҼˣ浱ǳصġȻүͳ˵ȲҵȻѴˡǱ˵ɡӢɲҺֿڣҪƾ֤
ִģƾ֤Сţɵ顣
ӵġô졣ֵǣݡӣ׳⻰ֿ˵ֵǶסһƽٷͱˣڡ
ͷߺȵߣӢ￪·
ϻԣմֲ˺ϲ뽹Ȼľ
ǣҶ
ȻʮİӣΧм䡣
үô㵽һĻ⣬һԶϱһ仰޻ء
ٷĿڡ
װǻơ
ֿһЩըˡ
ĬвŮǺѡǰȥǼŮ˼Ⱥİƣĺ
㿴
ƳһۼֿֿӣԼֻһֱӣȴһӻӡԼ˼类͸ˣѵ˽ų̂
ĿӼֿһɨ
ڼֿĿУȻӣ
ȻûڣȴʵжԼӣ֧֡
ֿ̧ͷ˿죬ĵҲûº갡¶һģܲʵȻĵı̬
ȼֿӦҲ
ֿգգۣȷԼûۻ
Ǹǰӣ·ģȴЩһȡ
ȵȣȡ
ֻһСţĸ˼ֿ
գڵĳˣֻгүޣٷ˺衣
ӣ˵ˡ
үΪӣ˵ʲôݵĻӣղ˵ˡ¡֡үЩͻͻټһԼҷǲҰ׵ɫ
үﲻɵôùġŪôƣֱǹŪ顣ҵǼģɲᱻŵ
ٷٴγŪ
үʢŭ
죬ûءٷı졣
һǴʱүֿͣҲˡ
ӣȻˣҲ£ǲͷȻûػ֡
ӢҶˣ˵˵Ҳ֪Լ˸ʲôŮ
˵Ϊ󣬱Ƿʵȱ¡
һżֱ⣬ֿô겶ͷǵһ
˼ֿԼӣȻû˺֮ǡ
ֿȻǸˣɺšСſǻ̵ͷ
ӣͷĿһɨ
ģ򶨵Ŀ˿ڡ
С㲢׷֮֡һ仰ɫ䡣
ѵûСŮơǸ׷˭ˣүܽܡ
үţȥС˿ڡСڵһʱѪҺһ罦ʬܻнϴѪҿСȫѪʪû罦ۼǵ͵ɵ˿ڡҲ˵Сֱý˷ѪĿıڽ˵Ĵ
ӣǽ͸Ҳ˵ֿ
˵ŮǱģ
˶ʵ
ӣҡͷ
ǡ
Ҫ̫ļ飬֤㡣
ӣ˵ʮƶ
ҵīhôģ
ѾѺͳүϷԺˣʱֻ֪ԼŮġ
̽𡣡
ӣ˴𰸡


24 ˵

ڶʮ˵
𰸳Ԥϡ
̽𡭡̽
ѵɱɣ
ֿúˣ벻һаӣץúʸˣӣɷӡ
һУپǲΪ˳ڶŪôһ
ӣѳڡ
ҲˡǼֿ˿ɲǸʡ͵ĵƣﲻʹˣԼȻͳһӴһ֪࣬ʵǶͷְҵ裬Ҳ汳ģҪʹ죬һʹ죬ֲֿ֣ԾԼǷŽѰսѾ
ǣµû
ɵƵĿһۼֿ
תĿ⡣
һӻңֿ١
Ҫ֪ţ˭ҲûֿԵ[Ƥ]ȥš
ӢѾͷ˵ĺֻ۾һܿôģ
ô۹ⶼûһ
ֿûӣеʵ̫ˡ
ֻСţĵСֿ󡣡۽𾧣˵̽𣬱һ̽
ֿĵӵģȻӣһֿɰĲᡣ
ⲻǾϢ̫ˣԾһ˭뵽ﾻЩľ񡭡ֿľԼֱԼһɲںм䣬ֱɳ
˿޵үӣƺһʮꡣΨһճŮ̽Ծˡڴʵ̫һʱЩز
ǵûӣĻ
ӣǸš
ſ췹ԵˣȻš
οӣ˵ĵ£үֻҪ룬֪ӣû˵ѡ
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ٷʱվ
Ҳ⣬Ҷû˵ϷʡλٷˣѾüԵĳ
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ǱֻһʫhСˣٷ֪һ
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ͻȻ˷Ƶٷˡٷ¶⣬һߺųүһ
Դңܵĺ·ײġһ־磬ڳһУͣ
һĨᡣ
ٷĨĨ亹СĿүݺݵһۺٲҺҿڡ
գү˵
Ů̽㲻ŲˡˣͿ͡
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ӣڣֿѾЦſӦүαļﻰû˵ءȻС̽ʣҲʸԵɰ
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ֿҾҲ㾤ҵҵ㲻ҪƲԳԷơ
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۸ͷϣôƮƮĽҹΡ
첻óɨأֿаˡֵӣǸ˵
ǿȵģ̽Ծԭ򡭡
Ҳˣһ˫ۿӣ
үɫҰܣ֪ûлˡĴΪͷɴ򷢡ȴ뾻Щ벻ߵġ
ǺͳС㸹жǿйء
ʲôижǿ⣿
ЩףСš
ҲЩһ㶮
ˣ˵ȡ
һʱ䣬ٴһš
ȻһޡܣŮ¡
ԣܣģǸŮӣŮԲ˶ߡү˵
ǻǣһ֪үȥѰСֻҪһСС֪α
澢꿪ŵһԡ
ֿ۾ð⣬ԽӣԽ˳ۡ
˵¼ֱ̫ˡ
͸һƽҪȻһӽ˴ͷת
뿴ôӦԡ
֮ҪҵhС֮úʹйء
ӣԾڴˡ
ΣԷʧŮͬ顣
֮Ե˵ƣʵΪԷơ
˵Ҳãǳҵļ£˲ò͡
hīhôô벻ءĸĸᱡ㣬벻Ȼȥ֪h˿޵
ӣЩᡣ
ֿֿʼ磬һĪ顣


25 ְ

ڶʮ¼ְ
Ȼ˵ˡҵȱˡµıǳҵļˣүҪҵ岻ݴǡ
ϷˣҲ㱨ˣֿˡ
ȥı㲻ϷǳҼҳˡ
ǳүǳˣƺûˡ
ҳ󲻿ǰүǹžӣķֺʣүѾûֿˡ
ӣһǷϵĳҷ򸾡
תǰ˵Ϸģǻڵġ
ү¶м֮ɫʧŹҵԶɽˮһʫ黭֮ĿŮ
ү
ˣˡүΪ˻Ҫ֪ǳĿڣæֹ
үҳˣŮȪ֮Ŀ
үգ̾һûз
ѾܱȫˣˣֻӣԶšЩֵαųңˡ
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ֿҲˡ
ղһ
ǶԼĲ¼˶Ĭˡ
ү¹Ȼɶ񣬿ЩˡҲȷǿֲ´󡣶ڳɥŮǵͬ飬ȻһƺֵԽԽ
ӣһȺ񡣡ֿ
ЩֵĲһ캦£ǵһǺڵġ
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ֿüֲͷɨӴ
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ֿĵͷ
ٲӣˡ
һȣȽ˳ۡô˼ҼҵʵΪ˼ǮӼƽϡһֱû˵ǲǿʲô
ԡ˶ӡֿѵӣĻת۱㱻˦ͷϡ
ֿ
ڱֿŶ˲ˮţǵıĿַ͸ֿһ顣
ֿԼܵһ˺
Ծҵְӣ鲻
ŸղڳܵЩҲɵĽҹˡ
һ·š
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˱ƫ
ӣһţ˱䣬ղʲԸĳšܿ죬Ķ˼Ȳ
ļֿ㱻еȲ̵ˡ
Ӧˬ֪ĸһ
ŷѾˣȲԿĿ̱ͷ˲裬Ȼһ˦
кǰ
ţӢǾ˭


26 

ڶʮ
ӣĿⲻɵĿֻأƷŲ裬һɻȻɵƣ·е磬ػС
ֻƫһųŰɵľΣ˵õĸо
ˡ
ƺ±ӣĿ΢̧
ӣƵȻջĿ⡣
Ȼź֪ķԼû顣
ΰ㣬ӣӦ˼ֿʡ
ӣָоڣſһֱĬȥ
ݳϷĸСƽŲŲеļγţҲǺͳһ㡣汻ᱡĻʲߡ˵Ĳҿ϶ǼԵ͵
ӵģ˭ǣ˭
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ӣ⻰һƫһĬ
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紾ӣŮء
hǱǿȵģǰԾˣȲӳΡ
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Ṇ̀үʱӼ֮ͬˣԳֶ;ӳҡ
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ӣһۡ
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ģԴһֱã⡣վĳãүȻŮ¼ޡվ԰췹ߡˣҼĶˡ
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ˣѺ֪ͨңһ翪á


27 ٷ

ڶʮٷ
۽ѺѴ˼ֿ
ֿһĪѴˡ
Ȼһѽߵסô£վͶв
ղĵ˵ᱡСһͶѵϼֲͷ⣿
ģô˵ҹǲǳ⸧ãǲͷ޹ְǣȷ޹һᣬʼֲͷɻл˵ûСұȥַſˡ
ֿ޺޵ɿ
Ȼۼⲽȥ
ӣŶ˻˵ֿƣʧܸա
ɵ¶֮ͬɫ
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ֿ͵ջĿ⡣ӵģȥǾ˵ĳ˴áǶܣҲҪܵԼԼҺ̨ס
ӣ΢΢šü̫˳òʵ
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һǰһСԺ
СԺֻԺйͺͺģֻűпˮ
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ӣƿľš
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ʱ̨ϣʷ滹ʪġ


28 

ڶʮ
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˵ģhȥ԰Ӳ
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Ҫһ棬ţ֯Ůס
ԺҲǾߵģhŲѾͷ˶Ŀӣ
˵˼ǳhʾԾкøС
òͳү˵𣬳үʱŭˡֱŮһޣҲŮˡ
֮󣬳ҲŮġ
ţҲŮ֣ȻעԵǳĵĺá
ȷûа˽Ļᡣ
ȷ۸hľǾ
ǳүȴôΪ֪ȥͶϢ󣬳үŭɷ˵ͳ˴һܣźֱȥ˲ҵԺӡ
˲ʧȥŮֶҲΣڵϦ
ͬʱʧȥɷġ
Ǹѧʵġ
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Ǿָ壬ǵĶ֮ע
ӣŷţͻȻüͷ壬ע⵽ʵﲻԣ
ӣҡҡͷ󷭿
ȻӺϡԭ벻ͨˣԺ֯һ磬
ô£Ψһүôһֱû¶棿
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ȥүԺӡ
Ȼöһ٣ֻǸȻ㡣
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δԺӣ·С˱һΪѵȰλСЩҼٷˡٷ˲ϲ˴š
һûжԡλٷʵ̫߿ԼˣΪԼǶ仨أǻҲǹβͻ˱ǰҲƷ֡
ӣǺƢЦЦģǲȥ
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ڶ˿үԺӣҪ֮ʡ
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ôܣһɢȥ
ݺݵĿӣš
ˣˡڿ¸ǶڴˣүȻ֪𣿡ӣӭϳطĿ⣬ʵ


29 ˵

ڶʮ˵
ӣɹĲ֪Լҳ⸧˵󲻴˵ССС֮ȫǵˣѴµ̸ʡ
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Щǲŭλ
ֻڱۣȴû˸Ҹ߳ء
ټóͷԲ壬С˻뿪ڸ߳ʵ飬ɳȫûᡣֱӣˣҲˡ
ᣬhҲš
˵꣬·ħ˰㣬ͻȻͷܡ
һƵ飬ӣһ̾ܶ˵Ҳһطġ
ǹңճƽڸܲӱֱһһءԳү˶ԳСĿأСʱҪ˵мֿţ˵ǾǸЦˡ
žóطӦֱ̫Ϸ
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ʵʤ۱硣
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Ҫȥһˡ
ȥһү̽һ̽Ǹǲˮ𡣡ӣ˵
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ŻС
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ӣԽԽòԾӶǳҵİӣŷֿ¡
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ӻͳŸӣɷ˵ŻС
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뵽ȥˡľü²㡣ҲСˣһֱżҪȢϱȻ˺ܶණҲ֪ԼＸ
ôõˣӦȢͻӡڼӣТŮ
ҳ֪꣬Լʲôֵĵط
ϵҲ֪ġôĪĺˣûк֢˭Ҳ֪ҲɼˡҲ硣

ӣһ˴룬ԽӣǸµġ
ӣ˵Ҳû
ˡ
ʼǸ
ǽľɲ
ʱӣ޸ľͷ
ӣţźСӡ
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Ҳ˲öˡ
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Сվǽ⣬ӣĿһ㣬ܿӣ
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ƺЩ⣬ӣѪģµƵϿ쵶ն顭ղŸǸȳȵˣ˵ǻûҵˡ
ûҵˣӣɫ΢䡣
˲СһŤ֮ɫ
һǰһţӣקСš
СЩܣջǾĸӣĲӡ
ƿȳӵԺţȳһգһ־˸ѡ壬ȽŲ㣬ҹˡ
ľǰ¡
СӣҲ֪ȥˣǰæڸҹˣһëûҵɽҡ
ʱڣɽȺֵ׵ʱҹСӱǵߡ
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׼˸˶ӣѾһҹûؼˡ
ȥңȥҡڼϢҲһͻˡһżġСŶڰοʮһףȻһȳӱȰסˡ
СĵҪһˡ
ӣû¡
ȳԼҴţŵʱɫģǲӻˡҹģɽӿɲȥιǡ


30 ̽

ʮ̽
ľҲ֪Լ̫ˡ
ʵǽ̫⣬Ȣӣʱľǵִġ
ദһӣľʵ˵ӣﲻá
ӺãҲ´󵨡
һһֳ뻯ʬ¡
Ѿӣ䲻ˣԾ䲻ӣ
վǱŽҵ˼ûֹĸ׽ӣ̯ơ
ӣܾʵҲľ֮ССӣ飬㱻ԷĨɱˡľʱǲȥӣ
Խľûƽǰ˳ܣĵһš
ŻԹȥ
Ŵŭ
ľˡ
ǻȥɣȥ
Ҳ˲Լ粻ֲܿˡʵǡ̫ˣֱһҲڼС
ľ߳ԶֻԼܿǰŻ
ӣŶû
ն˶һۣź޺޵ĵ
Ƿӡ
˵꣬תԺӣӣûվԺ⡣ܿŻˣ˰ѳ
֪ȥ
ǧ֪ӣ߰ɡ
һСߵķ׷ȥ
ԵļȻ˵ɽǣһСЩҺ棬ǱšӲ
Ҳ֪ſӲǣָɣӣֻйԹԵͷķݡ
ûӣԽûԴָָսֻбǿеķݡǻˣӣɽ
ɶľӣȴĴΡ
ľӻĸ֮Уͬذ׸Сûԥ޴һͬӻҡԵȻǴֲ赭ȴĻᣬݶ飬ӣʼռĵס
ΪСŸΨһܻرıǰ顣
Ҳ˿õıӣܡ
ܵĽͬ޷ԼľִľܳΪйܡ
˲Ӽӿ죬ܿ׷СšСŵӲ󣬸ղһ֮¶ֵĳ嶯ЩˣǰӣӲͷƤŻŲ
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СţֻҪѲ𣬶ǾͲҧ
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Сžδĵɲ˹
ôˣ
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л硣
׽ȻԽľǰ·
֪ûҹӡָоëȻ
֪ʲôڽУ϶ģʱʱСżʲôһӣԼë׶ǴŵģԼֱŰ
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Ҳӣı̫ˣڻӳ¡ľ˵С
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ӣͬ
ӣǵӡ
Һ͸ʬ棬࿴
ȻһֻŵСҰףֱ̫ˡ
дСű͵СôһţӸСˡһʲôµһţ˭
ģʲôһŵһŵġĸӾģٻҲʲô
˽ģ⻰бӣˡ
ܱŵĻǱƵҹҹ䡣
ӣĲᡣСǸӿˣֱ۽ⶼȥӣˡ
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һֻӣűһ
ӣѾûˡ
ĶĶƺҲˡ
˶ţϽűߵĳϡ
ʱͻȻ
һѽľеĻȻͬеģȻѸһһ±㰵ˡ
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ǰˡ
ľƺҪ˵ʲôŵѣ˻ȥ
ʾ˸ȻСĸ
ȻĵģûıܽŨܵС
ܿ죬ӣҲ˶Զ˾Żѽ֮ˣС֡
ֵĿڡ


31 

ʮһ
ˣС֡
һֵ˵
ղƺл⡭СӦ
ɽֵģĻ⣬û׼ǹ»Ұɸء
»ҰɱңҴСӾС

˵䣬ӰѾ˽ǰӣǸˣֻӣһ۵ľ롣ӣϢ˾ȻͣǰС
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ңȥ˭ǾǮµģֻͱսڱ£ʡСС
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ȻƬ̺Ӱֻˡ
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磬ղš
Ժ㣬ѧѧ
Ų˵ãһӣľٴγĬ
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üĿ𣿡߽ӣСʵ
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ȥüʵ
ӣͷ
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СЩСȻЩԸҲ֪ԼǸ׸
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ȡ
ӣҾǸˣڿҿˡҪԼȥȰɣ²ˡ
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ſɲӣ衣
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ûʸǿźһա
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ߵĲӺ֣żżˣڽһʽ


32 

ʮ¾
Ȼ˵ˡ㣬ҲûʱߡһԾĿӣ
ӣüͷӣҿƺʲô
Ȼתͷ
ָооԼ߲ˡ
ոպԥתߣҲʱҪˣûС
Ȼ˵ӣΪģվǡʧ߰롣
ӣ߶ˡܾ
һ롣
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ãұһ룬鷳Ӿһ⺢࣬ΪҲӣ⺢չء
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Ȼ˸Իطһϣӣͷ˳ξ죬һáһ˱绤


33 ɱ

ʮɱ
գ컹δӣ㱻Ժеĳˡ
Ƭ̺ķű졣ŵǲǺ;һˣ
ӣҴҴѣ򿪷ţŹȣȻűߡ
нӣһһ͸ţ顮ִţǼһˡ
ѶˣѾͷôô֡ʮ۶ӵѣ뵽ӺӣһţȻӶˣŲ˼룬ȻһӰܼңȴ̵ġ
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үϡ
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ҲŤ
ֱӹҺ˫hԸh


34 

ʮ¹
ӣ룬Ⱳʡĵİˡ
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⾮ƵģһҲʲôοǾԼȡ
ӣ̼ǵãϴʱֵӡʱӣҲ֪Լô͡롯Ѵ˵ķۣҲǵͷ֮ˣҲʹʱֻ俴һۣһ˸顣
ӣ˱ڹ
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36 绤

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ܣױ˽ϰ̵֣hأhȥǾ
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Ǻεȸ֮߰ˣмүĿ⵹϶˶٣ӣƺͻȻԼղ˵ĻǸģִˣ̧ĿֻǵƳһۣӡ
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ԼĶʵڴˡ
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ᣬֿڷԲסȴһ٣ٶĺͳĳȥ
ϣѾ׿ϣֻﻭѺαҪһ!
ϣʲô˺ͫhСȾõ˫hСһѪȾ齣
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үĬţĻƺҲۼŽɢգӣҵ˫h֣ҳ¸м㡣ԺﲻкֻܿڣֻҪҳܰ쵽ģһƴȫ
ү䲻ԼŮ
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λҵȶȥңҵķΣԺ֮˿ɷȥشҶԣһġԵ
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ֻˣܱܿлԺ
ҹ׷ʲôhѡ̽ԾΪ裬ʧȥףhõղԾǱǿȵģڱ֮ձ֤ס
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幣ţֿгˡ
ƺ᲻֮ԡ
˵˵ȥֵ˭գҵɵӷʡʵǱӣһˡ桯һ̲֪𰸣ʼץӷεġ


37 

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˭ף
ڴʱѺ˸˽ү¶ɻ󡣡֤ˣ
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38 

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Ҽͷÿ궼Ҫֲˡ
Сӣ졣ֲʲôʵ¡
ѹӣǸĸס
ˣ˲ѩ꣬ǽһɫүڰɡ
үѾ֪Լʲôˡ
ֵ֪ˣ֪ӲԼģԼֵܵѪ
Ҳûɹų곤⺢ԽԼǸֵܡ
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ֵңʱĸ׸ԭǣΪѧԱϳ˳ҡ
ڳү֪Ϊһŭ֮½ԼӸϳ˼šүҲ˵ʲôζ
ѵĺޣɬʧȥֵܵʹ
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39 

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hеĺӣѾˡҪóػںޣʹ޵ǡء
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40 Ʊ

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41 ᰸

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ģΨгܡ


42 Լ

ʮԼ
лңȥлɡΪ˾㣬νǷʳȻЩˣѣݲκȡɡһȰμӿƾٰɣܸУԳҲǰο
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СڽʹһְӣԾ£ȻһƪӬͷСԽӣԼһˡ
ȫ޻ϰĬˡ
ӣۼˣæڡӣЩҪ㡣תͷüƺԽˡ
ӣĵҿչ
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ӣǳһ
ٱץףҲСΪ񲻳˲̰٣
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һ̸ֱۣ˵ӣͷۻ


43 

ʮ·
ָ֪ӣΪԼͻȻýˡ
ӣ˼ʮֺЦ
Ѵ˲ԸնģһץסҵȫҲûϣΪԼԸΪϹ
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İ˻¡
͵ʼһſ·˭ǷһƵġ
Ƿӣңһ˵Ǿţһë
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ӣͷԵĸں棬ֻҪ뵽ϹźײҵĻ𻨣ӣׯԺаڵǼ¹ײģ»Ĺ޵Ĳо


44 

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ΨǣҲǵһߣһƳӣޱȵĻִᡣ
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ӣ࿴ı¡
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էһֻɫҰף촽׵ûжѪɫʱҽֻóѪζֱֱܽӡ
ȥҽݵ·ϡ
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ӣİǿסһСѾǼõˡ


45 

ʮ
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㲻
ӣŲģǻģеİӸϡ
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л֮
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˭ҾӢѾͷʲôɵģ
ծǷӡ
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ųƬ̣СʵʲôʱǷôӣ
Ϊ˾ѰϲΣҩſȻСֻࡣ֮⣬Ѿˡ
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ϴ;λӳȡ
ټֻ˼ֱȫ͸Ÿڣֱߵġҡӣȳܽġ


46 ̤

ʮ̤
Ѿͷ˿ʵҲȹһҪҪһ¡ôľȳ֪ŵ˼Сſ䲻ӣ
λӱ㲻ͬˣӣվһȳӾüֱɲŮòһƵ
ӣ͵͵˵ʲôûߡ
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47 ǿ

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48 

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49 

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50 

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51 

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Ժֻӣ˲վСߣӣһ⣬طʵұֱһƶߣһլƺЩ
еСʱסŰɡʱȥתתʲôϲԺӡ

ӣ˶أиŵĵطҪмˣﻹʸġ


52 

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ӣ仰ɵ뵽ҡ뵽Ϲӵĳ룬־ˡ
ظмӦõġ
ӣЩﶥײǻ˽
ɵ϶֪ǿϰٱ
Ҳڤ粻飬ҪԿ֤Լ廨ͷɵ椡
ֻǾʱ̫ʶ˼伲࣬·𣬱ڸڣ˽һӦö͵С
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лӣҵʵԺӱȥ
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ԭֻ뵽ЩСԺίʵСЩЩίӣˡ
ѰԺӣ̫з硣ϾӣֻǸ
ԼѾ㹻ӣˡӣסĵһ죬Ҫס֪
ˣҲС̫ʹֿˣҵⷿӡԸסɡ֪źǾʶ̸գػϲ㲻صġ
ӣĵԼǸĺùĶܵ
ǴˣʮԺÿ
һĽ͵
ӣӣ˵Ϲı̫Сˡ齩ӲȻƶȷɵϡСűÿŻ֮պá
ôˡǲסԺӱһֱš֮⣬ԺŲס
ӣ㲻ˡ
ֻϧŰˡο˵ʲô˷ʱЩϣ룬ץף¼
ӣĬˡ
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ӣԼ޶˶˵ĵ˺ôЩⲻȥ˵ծ಻ѹǷһ˵ģԽǷԽ࣬ôӣˡ
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ǸͲСҪչ˵ģȴ˵ǡ
ᣬ㾡ܷġ
Ȼģֻλӡ֪Σ᲻ΪȨƶ̸塭

Ŀ꣬䡣Ǹŵ֮ˣȻӦˣʧˡ
꣬ӣĬһ֣͸ɱ֮
λӣ˵Ǹŵ֮ˣ
ӵġ

ӣͷǰɵɵӵ
ûĸȣ˵µʮ㡣
ӵѣ˵ͨˡ
أҲλ׵Ĺټҹӡ
Ժӣÿֻ𡭡ռˣѰҰ°ɡ
¶ɻ
ӣЦЦȻ󻺻˵ҵ°빦
ɫڱ˱䡣
ʵӣ뷨ܼ򵥣Ƿô飬ʲô
Ȼܲ⣬˵һСԺ˵޹ʹӣȴΪĿԼӦá
ȷʵ֪ǰ˿Ǳ˭ˡ
ֲ֪ʧ䡯Ϣ
ӣ˼ǣԴΪ
ⷨǰֻǱˣᡣ
֡
Ǻ֣иݵġղź̸˵ν֣ǲ̸һ󡭡̸ɱ˵
˰ףǸʮԴ֮ˡô»ɱˡǵ֮ززңˡҲ֮»¶šһ˳ָס


53 

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ʮִֵ참Ų£һҪһվưȥǹٲĸ顣
¼ֿſڱ㱻ˡ
ʱӣᣬֻӣЩ֪ô
һСѾͷƫƫΣײ
һֲãͽ֣֮׼صСٴζ͡
ԼƤӵ·
ءֻܵʱ㹻ˡ
գǾܾˡ
ӣ뿪˵һӣûУʩʩȻˡ
ӣЩĿɿڴĿıһʱ侹Ȼ֪˵ʲôá
Ϊô԰УͶ˸˼ټ˱ǿŴͱ˴ˡ
߱ˣӣҲû롣
ˣȳӴ˳
ȻȽŲãС˵˻˵˲ı˵軰
ʱ˵̱ӶƵġ
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λôˣʱҲˣðѹ÷ġ
ȳӾӣ̫ˡ
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ԺӣӣⲼãӣǼٺ»ɸ
ԾǸİšôֿεĹӸ磬ӣȻӶǡؼҳԷ
ӣ˵
ȻȳԻл˵飬̴ȥˡ
üˣû˯һϰȾ
Ǻú˯һҲӰΡ
̸ղٳֵģӣϡζȻҲ˾ζ
̸Щ˼ץץԴ
˵ԼɽҰζϰˣ󿪴ЩԺЩסǽˡ
ӣ˼µأڳԵ⣬Ҹˡ
룬ֻҪܶٶԣǿ쿴ɫҲʲô
ţ࿴ʮţһҧ⣬ӣڡɼҲԹҵܲ
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ӣִֻֿ磬ǲǳʲô?
ӵģ˸
һıӵϢüֿ֪˭֣һ˵ء
ôֿΪ˵ٴҲ֡
ǰŲſѡ
⸧˵󲻴˵СҲС
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˸˵ĻʮֲѴ׷ô
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ǽղͬѾ¥ǰȴˣǶԺָָ㡭


54 ֮

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ϻԱֻܶϣֿ䡣ôµģȻ˹٣ùϴţطŽҲϡ棬ôô࿴ֵġ
ϴγǾѾˡ
ˡ
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һΡ
¥ǺޣСס
һ֣ͨеĿߵĳЩȻ֪ԭˡ
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ȻԺ
һŨױĨİŤǰֿ
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Ů˵ʱŵѪɫ
ӶɸӡүүūңūұĹٰүôױ鵶ڣ̣ϣ¥Ĺ죬пүĴ󵶱㲻ˡ
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ҵζǲóԺúȵĹ㡣
ԵĴסģȾСҲˡôȥ
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а裬ӣĿ糺ɴᣵľ
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ǰƵһۿһƯӵķ
ӣʾСվԭأȻһľ
ͬһʱ䡣
á
һƤ
۲ƣ۲֣ȥƺĶֻϢ
ԼԼ·Ķӣͷ¡
ϱʲôô쵰⡣ġһ첻ͷ㲻䡣
һԼϵʵҪܼ򵥡
ˣ뵱졣
ͼֿһץˡ
絶ҿ罣Ѿװ
ͷ͵ͷͷҾߣұ֤Ҳˡ
ѹȥ뾡취ԼΪж
ϣ֮죬һָȥ⡣֡ͷĳҪǴȥҵĹӣȻȥͷ㲻¶ˣһء׼֣ȥϴԷԹΡ
ͷʲôģͷǡÿμͷġ
Ĵӵ۾
һʲôݡ
ʲôݣѹӡû١׷ʵ
ǡСӣЩڲȥ
ͷ˵ܶ𣿡
ͷѹһƲʼ״磬ҵڶ
ӡ


55 

ʮ»
СӺ
磬һ죬ŸҼͷ˵ˡڸﶪˣѹţһ첻󵶵죬ҳҵļʽ
Ĵӵ۾κڴ˵һڶǸ廨ͷпáѹѹ۾
ĴӼ䣬ɵ棬ֿ˿ڣһʱ޲ð˶¯һΡ
˿幣һ緢ģҽȻϡЩɺģĺãˣôţǵ˾ᷳмֹŹ־飬ôһ˲䣬Ȼ뵽ӣ
ѹɨѩ˪ӣͻȻͶôһ֮ġ
С幼Ȼϲɡ
Ȼ˵һȡ

СҲǶĲϣС󣬸˶Ҳʶü֡ҪָС幽Ѽ⡭˵꣬Ѿ̾ϢŽӵ
Ѽð̡
Ҳ֪ӲǶϣǲϣ䵶Ūģ˹ġ
ˣ˿ڡҲҲǸᡣ
ֻǵͷȥվ޹Ⱑ
С㣬磬ߵȵİɡҪ죬ҲڸáԼŲ죬ⲻְı˽á˼ȥûСӺ֣㽻ţҲġ
ƽղ㿪ڣյǸᡣ
۾۰Ͱ͵
ЦЦҲãһӣСһȥɡ
аˣ
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˰֣һ͡
ӣûлӦ幵⣬תɫҰ׵𱡣ι޹ʣҪ͵ׯȥż־飬ѰȥҲɡ
ҡͷ
ɲԸǣЩѾˣӣĻͷƣ𱲻֪Լ¥òָܻ
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ӣһҲֵ֣طʲô顣
鷳ִ簲ŰѼιׯ
ֿͷȥš
ӣǻŰɡ
ͷӣʮΣûȥʬһ۵˼ת¥ȻżûпڣȻֻиŵķݡ
ӣ̾һ׿
ɵʮֶ˫ֽŷǰ
ȾѪѾ£ʱƺֻ˯š
ӣ۾ƺ¶һŵ顣
Ȼ󲱼ԽԽţȴѣģˡ
һһĹԼһֱվڽʱǰο
ӣǿЦЦ
һǡҲٸ׵Ļᡣ
ҲЦˡ
һ˻صţѽʱ
ֿȥ飬˴Ҵҳ緹
Ȼƫ
幣Сţţͼֿ
˳Ĭס
ˣصһõ䣬ô޹ʱ˿ûѰ
Գ͢¶Բա
ٲƣ׷̴ֻǹ١
λϿ׷󡭡Ρ
ӣͷһ˰ɡ
۴ƺ⡣ֿС˾˵ϸʹˣûнӿ͡ѷ̵Ѿͷ˳ȥûʱҲˣѾͷҲû⡣
סҵĹпֵͣŻطҹûһпʮͽܿܰɿ˻ԺԺÿЩ͡
ЩԺĿˣеĸ׷鲻ݡ
Ҫ׷Դҵף롣
̾һֱ߿ѹҲ֪ʱǿ֮
Ƭ̺˵ֹ߳һɱˣ


56 

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£ֿһ
ƺЩԥĿЩУֿԲٵʾ⣬ֱӿ˿ڡ
ᣬҾûǵøôң⡭ֻף»䵽ϡ
СûпڣѾҡͷ񶨡
ֿɫЩѿûпڣôֵˣ
ֻ֮֡ҪµģֻǸ׵Ķ
ֲͷ˵ɡ˭?ֲͷ𣿡
ģһ˵ҡͷҲԼҡͷʱֵˣѵҵ˲ɣ
ӣŰҵﶼ֪ˡ
Ҳ֪طҵģܶ˽»ͦĽûá
ˣɲ˭ʽܺϽġ˺ֻǵͷ֮ˡʱ˭ҲģֿʱѴ˶ÿɫ¡
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ӣ֪ľ˼󣬾ľ˵Ц
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磬ΪʲôҪ
Сһƺû뵽ӣᷴ룬Ǹ˴𰸡ԩûʲô£˲ͷڶ飬൱ܽš
ľһ۸ģȴһԩĳġ
ԩվԩ顣ֻҪˡܷδȻΪʲôҪܾ
Ҫ˵ġСűסˣͲǸ̸ģֻŵ˵
˵ҵͼͬҵҲ˭߹ץףһˣԸðա
ǡС˵ѾڹŹشһˡ
գӣеĹͻȻСЩԲλࡣ
ӣ˾٣ӣΪˣ۷
˽Ĺأһˣػһ
СЩֺˣġģҲִƴġ
ƴ
ƴ
ӣͻȻһ𴳽̸һ壬ʱƷ̸壬ľҲų
һߣһߡ
ôȣôᶨƺΪκҡ
ӣҡҡͷεЩǶǵ롣ֻרĵĵԼá
ܿģȷš


57 

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źǾʶʮС˵׷桯ӣ˵Ը࣬Եׯʱѡ
ɴµķӦò͡ݵ΢֮˿ɾ·
ʱʱƺЩţҲſӣͶɡ׼Сƽ˶㻹أԼ棬ԼΣ֮ء
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ûͼȰӣԥƬ̣ͷ
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ȻһУȻҪΪԼΪ
ղ뿪ǰӣͷʾſԳˡ
綼СۼЩԸֿ
ͽѾץˣѺõ;СðǾܷģ˰мӺ޹ˡ
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ˡ
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ֱϺڽƿǿصϲɵ¶ʧ֮ɫ̸壬ϷҪȫȻҪ֯һŴȻֻǿͷ
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58 

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ЦЦӣҲ֪Цʲô
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ӣվԭãԼǲǸǣȷһ㣬ǵ飬ܶĵġ
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ӣݺ󣬼ֿСľΧһͼŵͼüͷֿӣǰɿʲô쳣
ָֿŵͼӣӣͷȥͼеīΣԱСעʱ͵ص㣬ӣܿ췴ӦͼǱŹʱ͵ص㣬ӣϸţԽԽľ
汿ǰôû뵽ӱһ¡
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59 

ʮ
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ڴ֮ǰӣȷεӣȻʡ
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ӣｫԼĲϸϸһ顣
ȷεغεغҪ˵ʲô
ӣİţ۾´ӣӣſĪΪԼϲ˹׻ң̾Ȼ˵һӣֲǰǱĻ˵һҲ
ӣһͷˮԼȻģһ㣬ɸеһôͲˡ
Ÿп꣬ȥˡ
ӣûԼôҪҪôȥ졣żȻͷȻᰲźһС
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ڵҹưܵĴ꣬ټǰǼҹɫ϶ΪһӰ
ֲƬеĵ߶ȫˣӣֵ뵽ʱ̨ӰúPSĳ˵ƵļƬ
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Ϊȷţȷʵɱ


60 ߳ŭ

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Ϊӣ˵֣˵㣿
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ȷʵʶӵȴһûп
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ˡ
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ӣʲôֻ֪ƾһɼᶨżֿ£һƴȫϢģûκټֿӦûڡ
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ӣգգ۾ˮǿѹ¡ұˣĿꡣӣʧ䣬Բ֪ס˭һˣδļˣΪʲôûѰ
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ȷʵƾճֵģˣȴʵڵġ
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˹Ȼŭ壬һ͵𳤽Ŵ̹ǵʹ⣬ǺХĵ硣

һ⣬˼̽ķĳ񵲿
һӰɴԾ𣬼˲˲һ
ҹУ΢ӣ˻ôһ˲䣬ķ·ܵˮ


61 ǧһ

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ӣһ䣬ֻǺ˺սԶݣӼʧĻС
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ӣһҪôһУ
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ɼˣͷһ
ַ·ʲôĸεĸоʵ̫ϡ棬ЩԣӣĿ⼴ִż˵졣
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СˣץҪ
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ȻѾһɡʵһҲʲô


62 

ʮ
ϴǼҽݣϴǸʱ䣬ŵǸС
ǵǵúҹһĹʱҽΡ
ҽʮֻ꣬һ۱ȷǹʮ
ǹӱģֻ˵еǣֻܾˡǿӣǱеĻ˼з˸ǹһҩŷҽһʤ߼ˣǹˣǾȲҲ
ǹ˯ҹȻ۾
һ̣ԼǸҽߡ
ΪƼˮ꣬ʱһȻּλӡλ
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кһ߽ýݣһ߻з͡
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ӣһѪĳзĸԴ󷢡ôŪԼһѪܵģô֪ϧԼȥ䡣ӣ޷֮ı㱻з˳˿ڡ
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ЩҵջĿ⡣
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Сڸ鵹ǲԼʱ򡭡̣ʲֻǸִ߽СС̩ɽǲ׼¼ҡ
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лһ·֮
ôô򷢵һ·ӣЩһξ
ھôһ̬ȣ֪


63 Ϲ

ʮϹ
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ҲӣͷƹȥʩʩȻĽԺӡ
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ݲʹڿţƵӭӣؼңǴﵽٽ㡣
һš
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ɫ΢䡣
ǰվӣǰֻǼͷˣһôŪã
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š
żֿ˸ӣһ뿪
ӦûʲôΣա
ҲӣһƲᣬЩ֪ͼİʲôá
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70 ǿо

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71 

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ıСûĶԼƲԼдΨΰİġ
ʵЩ棬ӣô˻ϲ
仰û壬ֳأп󡭡Զٷǧְܼҳ̶ȣû֧ŵ
ݣʲôĹܱۣ
ֱϣȻŪ˸鹣Ҫ
ն˻ƣ˶Լ
ӣǼӡȻǸ꺺ǰԸ䣬ȥ
ŵˣ
ȻȥˡֻӣЩĴʱȥм֣ʱ仹ļ
Լˡ
ӣһο϶һǿģǽ
ѹӿڣҲôţ˼Ҹ׻Ǳظĸء
ӣ¥ŵھ幣۾ԺķʡҪ𣿡
ѹ˯ʼյ塣
ˡ
һԼҪˣѹ˲ѡ
ֵˡ磬㣬Ƿġһƨ֪˭ѹѾԲѵ϶Լʤ
Ҹоõ幡
ֻСӣ˵²ôס
ס棬ϴˣҲֶζŪ˵ģ˵λÿ¶һ
¶Ц⡣
ױá
˵תĿ⣬͸쿴ڰеԺ
ӣЩѲΪΪѸץֶʧ缸ˣ֮ǰһֱץ˰ס
ץ˴ˣɺͷ
Žż죬ѾȡôĳɹԺء
ӷģûôСۡ
֣һϼʮ顣
˶ôҲʲôӣôƺȴʮֲϲ˿ǹͬաһԹԹּеĲˡǵĹϵǲǲô衣
ڼ塣
ӣգգ۾֪ôͻȻȭͷ˿һ
ôͰѵӣ̫ˣֱӻá
ǡϲżӵʵ˵
ֻ˶Ρƫƫ˼ӣһʱܻ⡣ýĻ幫ӡѹȫ˼սæиӣɽ
ӣ⡣
幫ӡ

ҳ꣬ɺͰһһֳɡ
ûӣѾԵʮˣټӸ塯ֱ֣ʮֵ衣
ֻ˶Ρ硣ӣ̽Ż
ɾòģҲôƺһҲԲӣ
û硣
硭
ټЩġδ㡮޳ܡӻ磬Ȼ˳ƺɺͱһƺüֱǻҩû尡
硣
ͷ
ӣҲͷ
е㲻˼ûô׽ĳƺ˭ء
˿ͷƺٺ˳ˡ磬ǲǵˣӣѾԺˡ
ҹͻȻһȺΣû
ܿ쵭ȥ
һֱעŶԺʱȻͷ۾ðʾ磬ܶ𣿡
ɨһ棬Ȼ󻺻ͷ
Щ˱˵̫ءӣôЩǾе㱾ĩá
ºʡ̫ˣֱȺһֻСӡ
ͬʱҲ̾Ǿ䶣ĺӦ
幵׿ϣת¥ӣ¥ݣĻѹӵӰ
ѹѾųԺˡǸĬԵ˵


76 ֮

ʮ֮
ͷ
ҲŰɡ
һϲ㰲ĸӣ
ԼֻܳΪߣӣͦΣҲ֪Լ޸֮ʵǶڡֻƾţ˲ٴ̤Ժ
ͷɢվڴС
ͷһš
ôʣһʼմŵЦ⣬һĸΡȻĴ̬
ӣʮһĿըУɱҺЦ
һŲŲæĴӻһ͡
ͳһơ
һ顮ƽơ֮ó͢Ҫҵִй֮ˣһͬ۴
ֻܵĸ˲ձ
͢ץҪ˭ɣǿӣҲûٿڣʵڽ䵱ڻԷһٽ蹫֮Ժ
ҵҲҪԺһȡ
һҲûǰֻ΢΢ͷʾ⡣
ܿ죬½д¥ģдӺԺġ
Ȼӣ㿴һˡ磬СˣлԺд֣ϰ﹤ģֻҪˣɴѺ˴
ִִʮˡ
һšüƺеϡ
ѣӶ˭Ҳѣź򡣡ĺ
£ֻнŵѹӻųˢˢˢ£㽫ǰһԺӸ˸䣬ǻԺ֣ȴҵ˸⣬ڰҹԵʮˡ
ٽУӸͷѹӶԼһȴֻܸӵʮֲޡ
˵õĴأ
ƭˡ
ҽеĻԺʱ졣ѹʾ£µٲҷ
Թ¡Ҽǰһһ鿴˷Ϊӡ
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ִһ˵λúҹڳ֮λͬ
ϡǼռɵˣһЦ
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÷һȥʡ
һֱӣ꺺ȥţӣȥСƫߣ׼Щġ
𱲻ҵֽŷȥ׼ˡ
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ǣһЩм䡣ȷţһʲʲô
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ԼһСʱѹȶסˣһǰ磬Щ˵ǧٹ֡гű˲СĻ˵ģˤһõϵģеˮʱͻȻ콵ذױ˵ġһĪ˵Լ˯һϱ˵˿ڡûʹ
콵ذסһ񼶵Ĳ
Ϊ˱νԶˡ
ͬʱҲڸӣ˹ıһһġ
˼𣿡
ѹͷԵҡͷûȤĺܡȭűܽЩ˴򵹡ǿĹЩǰ֮ء
ֻССʵ̫ˡ
粻ء
ѹͣȴѰ֡
˹ָѹеǰЩСи֣ܽҳұ飬ٲˡѹӵԲ۾
һ˷֮ɫ
˵ֱϵڱ¡
ܴĹ񫣬ܴӴ˺ѶجΡ
֪Щʶȴʶǡʹֻѧܸͬܡ
ڼΣԼʱȺĵԴѹҲΪʱѹ˼ֱģֻҪҳǸ֣Ҽͷ飿
һΪ

һˣһϡҪϼˡлһ·ֵ֧СǡϼܺٶȻӿ죬ĺܿաϣСܼ֧֡дļ꣬ʵеˣԼȷʵϲһֱš֤ӺϸʵȥǱѡĳɼˣָȥҼС˸Ҫ粽չˣÿֶоġ
ҼˡⱾҹ˼˺ܾãǰ̵еãߺܿ촮
ϼˣʼƱ~~~Ʊҹɡ
ڼӸͼӸ[ÿ͹ӸɣѡۻҾͲ˵ˣһ]~ղǧӸ~ϺƼӸ~üӸ~ԶӸ~~ͽϰɣļ~~~


77 

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ѹ˲Ѫű˴
磬Ǵ˫£
ӣεȻ飬ۼ平֣˲ΪҪ年ˡ
ҵĹӡ
ںĵס룬Ҳһһ޶ϵġ
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֣ѲĴȰ׼ѹĴ䣿Զѧֱʹӣֱ񲻳Ҫôѹ丸顣
ģ̧̫ˡ
ӣǰһ̻һ̱幵ϵ׶˳
ֻǰСȻ಻ôˮǺǽġ
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Ȼĳӷĸӹɵġ
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࿴
Խ˷롣ӣЩλƽˡ˵˲ɣܶʱӣĻµĻ
ƽǴӣȴ˹ϵֿѣֵܡ
ʿΪ֪ܺε֮ˣƷҲͬɡ
šӣƺһֲЩ֣ջǵͷӣûж룬ֻ֪̫࣬ǣ
ǸʲôˣԽԽˡ
Ԫ¹־ſӷ̫ƽ̫ƽȻԢⲻȴǾſʮƶ֮ء뾩·;ңԶ˽ģ˵ӱֵô߻ʵԶĵطעλԵˡ
Ŵλ֮εȲпᡣ
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ֻһ˻ϲλʧܵģƺûһܵա
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ĿһӣССͣô˵ôĻӣԺȴڷЩȨıϷ
ʱ򣬲ȥȴò
ôô˵㾭ƵġЩֵķӣ˲
ЦЦǰľʲôҲ˸ɸɾ
˵㻹ǲ׺ء
缪ԣļҵǧС㣬һȥ¥Է
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ӣ£ԼЦˡ
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ӣΪ幵÷ʱأӣųһģ幼ˡ
磬ЩҵĶ֡
ѹʮֿġ
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ѹӣǻ᲻֣ӣʵ
并ӣͦʱش
һǼߣߵĸ֣ǺҹʱϸǵֽţǳġһҲҡͷЩ˶Ҫҵˡ
ŪһѡĿֻΪĿ顣
ԼС
ӣҲ֪ǸϲǸǣæһϣûҵԷټ
ͷˣֻôʫˡ
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Ϊô󶯸ɸ꣬ҪץһǸû뵽ôһ󶯾ֻΪץŮˡһǸӣĹ[һ]


78 ծӳ

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һȻģĺЦ͸ŹѺʫ־һ㲻С
ʫЩʣǴʱʹȴġ
С۵ĲҰף΢ΣǷһͷһһЮʱ̱ڵˡʫ벻ͨԼΪʲôܣ涵ĺ衣ǰǷǰ
˵ˣҶ˵һ֡
幵ʶˣѲԺĻβҲ˸
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ӣǵһô뿴ֹС
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ѹƽţʮ㣬ӣΪ̫ˡһ֪ССȷʵй֮һһʽʮֻҪϣǶ˶ᱻý΢Ρ
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˵
Ȼһֱӣߵʹ˸ɫ˵ͷһݼսȦ
գۼ䣬֮˱㱻ڵء
平ǰȥһȭߣ۾һʡ¡
ˣѺشȥӵҪ˭¡年ʱмֿķ緶ѹ־Ҫͷء
˱ȥغһΪƷˡ
Ѿŵò֪Ҫ˵ʲôˣ֪ԼĻ¥ֱǡԻɴֻĻƶһ
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ʫһѺ¥˱Ҫƴ
ɵӶ֪һ¡ӣʫȻԺĹֻǻ֪ĸףʲô£ֻԺԲ˵һ䡣
⡣ӣʾл
Цʮǿ[ڶ]


79 ĬĬػ

ʮĬĬػ
˵ҲǸԺŻԺʱһҪ۾νûǣԺ´λûôõˡ
棬һôһӣϵ޷졣
Ժʾһ˽ֱͻš
ӣСԺ
ŵĸϣֵ֣ʱĵģֻ˵ĽŲ·ؼֻǶƵġ
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СͲ󣬿ʮ꣬ǻһ͡
ʱˣֿǶֻеķˡ˫۾ӳԽˡ
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á
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ܸоóķа˫۾
ڶһ磬ӣʱѾԺˣһĽĿţʱСֱȻ¡
̸ҲճնţвˣԺضԶ
ӣʽ̸նкӣ
ӣ㣬ղţ˵Ъһ죬ȥš
һʱ䴫
̸ҲߺӣԷŷ½ӣһģ
ӣͷΣջ񣿡
ˣҵʮˡȻ֪ˣĺԤеһǾͦʧġҲ֤Ժȷʵ˰йءʮѲԺʮϴ˵ģ
ǡֱּɥĲ񡣡
ôץҲôˡѾܺˡûԺֻйˡ𼱡ȻѾҵϳ޿ӡ
лοأܶԺûзԺʲô쳣
ʫͼļΣòĲϡ˾Ϊ˽·ִƺʫļλͣͻȻ˿ζѡ˼Ρƺ㷢ڼǰ졣
ӣվסΪ˵Ļ밸йأ۶ⶼɢˡ
šżˣԱӣһ߻ˮߡ˵Ļ


80 ˭Ե

ڰʮ˭Ե
һһ͵Ц̸һ⣬֪ΪηЦһȳʢ˵ڶ뷹ÿͷʵԷơ
ɵӣ㡭ǲҪˣ
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Ҳû˵˵˵ӺСϲ˵̸˵һϲӣ㡣
̸˸š
˵û
Ҫ˵ӺСһ̸˵
ӣλӿһԶУ̽ǲء
ô˵ӣλһ̸˵
ӣӲ̸˵ô˵̸˵
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ո磬˵ӣϲ磬ǰӣסһ¼ңǻסһԺ
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ȳӶ˷룬һԵĿ̸ա
̸¶⣬ԴסԺӣûôعء
˾ȥ桭ۼġ
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ο¥ֵطôڱΪһ˶ˣʵڵòʧ
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ӣЩżҪ˵ϢһҲ˵ĹȥϾڵҹ
ôҪʱˣҲܹ׵ݣʫҲ˼࣬һд㡣
ʱûʲô£ӣҲὫġ
ԣһʲô£ܿġ
ԭ֪ͦʶȤģ˼Ҳ֪װ֪ǣ׬һ岻ͦá
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̫̫һݣ˵Ӹεգǰ黢ӣġ
һȥӣƺͷָ˵
ӣĿ򣬹ȻԴȥವһջȥ
俴ǣҵԸȥֿӡ
ֲͷƢ˲֪ÿʺ죬żҪӸ衣
ãһ𡣡[ĸ]


81 Ĭ

ڰʮһĬ
˷Ҳˣ˵߱ߡ
̸ɵۣΪӣˡ񣬶ˡ
ǸӶ˳Ե̸ͣҲæǰһһڡ
ţ˿ӣЩڡſƽûʲôͬ
ӣֲͷġ
˵ռֲͷСŮˣڼչŮ
ӣͷĵԽ³ĺӣƺԽŮ
ʱСŴҴҴӺù˳ӣһ
Ȼɷ˵תȻһĶӵģ
ƽӣɣľ飬ֱǴ˵Сš硣ľװ첻Ϊӣ磬˶ľƤС˲˸
ʲô£
磬ʲôǺˮ޲ɣ
ľҡͷʾ֭Ӧ֮ߡѴ»ңЩżԲûע⵽㡭û£ұȥѴˡ
ӣͷС¶ظ顣ӣ¾仰СЩż
ӣ˵ҲҪѴˣľһͬаɡ
Сһࡣ
Ͳ˵ѣ˵ѻԼġƫƫӣۻ𣬸۵Ļᡣ
磬˵С󣬴˵ѣ֪Ϊѣֻһ䡣ͷҡͷӦС
ǲˣںδ鷿ǡ
ľҪҡͷȴ¶ε顣
ҡͷΣӣǰزסܡ
㻹Ǳȥˡ˵͵ҹһաôˣ
ô֪Ǳ¡˵ʮֲܡ
ӣԼųĸо
ʼգڰۿ⣬ȴҪǧ֮˵ԹڼϢǲһţӼơ
Ȼûķݡ
ʵҲƽǲֻץסɱ֣ƻ˰øǵĹٲĵ
ûСġ硣Ҳ֪ô˵ţԼȥɡ
ӣתȥ￴һ
˵ġе
Űοľļ磬Լֱӳӣŭ
ǲƽƢԽõĹԽ
žֻӣ߱˵һ֡
ӣյýͲǻ˸졣
˼ӣɽ˼δšźұŮ
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ĬĵӣĻһȫӣͷ
ΪΪҲ¡
ҹֱȷӣȫűĿ
磬ӣδǰϸԺһ飬֤ܰмӺӣ
ÿһһ
ʣѺһֱʮֽԷǱؽεģЩ񼫣޿̵ġ
Щ޷죬ǱؽΣҲݡ
ֻҪ˾ҪһϼӲŻʵЩйˡǸҪˣҲЩϱˡǽ졭һ·ʼڽϣ˸Ҷӣǵͷ
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һ˶ûС
μûŷˣЩ˽춼ʵĹݡ
һڵϣ̧ͷһۡ
ӣ֪Ӧʲôӵģ֪ԽߣԽǾ١ˣһֵĸоС
·ʱ鷢ʱ̽䱸š
ƺ벻һӣתߡ
ǣʲôҲûֻǳĬĸӣ
ӣźˣЩӣˡͱСǴ򶨡
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߶Щǽķˣĺȡ
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ͺߵĲǼι£ǴȺӣǻǳȥȰɡѾ˻Ǽ˷
ԼЩΪôˡ
˭﷢ëʵΪЩ˲֪Լ᲻Ϊһ
ӣͣ¡ûת[ϴ]


82 Ѷƹ

ڰʮѶƹ
ɵܸоɭ겻ĸζıǶˡղžη沢ǿյģŲٷˡ
ȻǵһΡ
ҲЩ걻ڼķˣէһǰֵģǸٲռЩͷˡ
ӣΪһ·Լºѵõ徻ŸáЩͽҲԹԾͷӣû뵽һ·ﰲĿ¡
ηĶҲĴ
ʹӸߵֱͣʧ
ӣֻڵӰ￴龰ʱǵһΡ
Ѿ֪ٸһˡÿһһΣ̹ġ
ŵ˴ʱſڣӣѾúˡ
ΪЩȰ뿪ġѾߵֻһ֮ңӣѾԼ֪Ϊνˡ
ǽڰ⡣
ֳ棬ϣ
ӣѹԼΪŮӣñʱչšſڻ췹ԣû˭͸չ٣Ҳϵҡͷ
ûа;ϵĵ
ȻִѾͷ
ߣȻ󽫻ﳤøЩ
֪ǲ˫ֻۣ˳ı¡ƺ֪ӣˡ
ǣʲûֹͣ
ӣµĲڣڣ˵ڼչŮļֿҲڡ
ֲͷɫųޣƽӲͬĳޣƺẉ̂Ѫģŵʲôӣʵڲ롣
ڳһֻ񱭡
ǰ߲ʯڡ
Ǳ鲼֪˭Ѫǽϣۻ˰һߵ㡣
ǽϹŸɫӣֻڵӰп̾ߡ
Щ̾ѿɫֻ΢΢⣬͸Źɲ֮⡣ѪѪһ͸ս̾ס
Ѫ⣬ܽ̾Ⱦɷ·΢΢Ĺ
ˣѾ粻ģˣС
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ʻֻĿŶˡͻȻ˾ӣȻ𳤱ޡ
ž죬ƺһֱֿһգӴѪˮޡ
ʼհĿһС쾹Ȼɫӡռ䶼ǰģ۵ģڵģֻļ۾
еİ񱭾Ө͸
аšƺ֪ӣˣҲ֪ӣڿƽ˿ݡֻԸ
ֿٴλӱޡ
һ죬ӣͷһЩȥ
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硣ӣ
һ磬һˮνһƬ̶ۣȴһƬ
鿴ƺûʲô仯漣ģӣţüƺºЩӣͷĿĴһɨĿתֿ
ֿƺЩ⣬û˵Ҳûж˵ʲôֻûпӣ
ֿٴ𳤱ޡ
޻ʱӣΪԼŵñ۾ûСģȻüֿΪݶҲѡѶǴġ
Щ˴ʱǽûл֮ǿʱЩɱ۾գһ¡
ЩɱĹǰıǴʱĻҪֲǧ򱶡Ҳû˿ԶԶ˵Ƕߵ衣
ӣΪֻǵѶȻѪȣȴǱҪġ
ΪЩˣȷʵӲеаģҲؿƿȰ˵𲻵˿áѶ˱ҪֶΡǣСˡ
Ǳ֮˰ΰѣķ˻
ӣΪͼʳ׵ݡǣˡ
ʱͻȻŮ˻ƵĺͣͣٴˣٴĻӣע⵽иľͷȦɵСңͷɢʫ
ϴμʫλԺõջ
ȥȥʫԭα¶һ̱
ʱʫݾһ߸ϵ飬ƺӣУ϶硣
ֻأż죬ʫˡ
ӦǾˮתѶɭɲӣעͼֿӱˣûעʫ񱭣ȻԼֿ˰֡
Ҳ֪ƽҫһĿģļֲͷʱΪֱһһ
ܿ죬ӣ㷴Ӧˡ
һǰֿ
ֿԼƽ￴ġǧ˳ҪԼ䣬Ϊưκ¡


83 

ڰʮ
ع㲻͵ø˭˾ûˡֿһʺϱƹ
ʫ
һ󣬾ͲٿˣӣܿСһţͷţƽձ˵һ˫֣ʱ߬Լ°ڣֱɫ硣
һҪ֪ǱŵλƽµĸµЩ캦İӣ㹻ʬˡƽ¼ȻˣСආʵ޹ʹ
ֿ˵꣬ʫڡ
Ǻݺݵһӡ
ӣЩʵĲ࿪ͷѪɵĳ棬ʵе㿼˵
̿
ͻȻ䣬ʵ
ӣ跴Ӧ˲ҡͷ
ҲͬЩˡ
ƺЦЦĶ̫ˣգ۵ĹֳǸޱ飬һֵӣǵƽ⣬ֻΪư
ΪưץףЩ˵ϰ㡣ҪɱҪУָ֮䡣
ӣ㿴Ҳˡ߰ɣˡĳ棬˵ӣˣſ˶òǲҿǾĳ濴ëȻ
Ÿ㲻ӣôô̹Ȼվ

Ŷ࿴һۡ
ƽʱӣǹ£ӡɴʱϷ·һ
͸Źƽûеĺ塣
ֻ֪Ϊʳּ࣬ھ¸ˡŻǲ뿴
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Ӳӵһ̣ʵͺЩ˰һûܳܵģȴܡ
Ȼǹȴʱ̺Ĺ
ССסŵĿӣִӣ
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ڴӣȥĳ棬ӣһʵ㲻顣
űܵıӣǡɨһţȻĿתӣ
𣿡
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ģˣ㿴ģǲǺܵ⣿
ӣһĪ
ڷӵ߼ʾⲻܡ
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Ӧú޵ģƺͬı
ôӣ
Ī
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ӣǰ
ʫݶĿڵסʫľԡ
Ȼ
գѵȻһ仰ʫ˵ҹЩɱһ˼ڳһջ֮ɫ
ĸ޹֮߻㣿ǣȷ˲ɱˡ˳˼룬ױ뵽ͬۡ
һ˵ء
ɾԳƵϺͻʫɫ˲Ұס
Ķͷ亹ƺ⣬Ǽֿ۹ⶼ·ڿˡ
ȻлУǸΪʲôҪй
ЦЦƺõĿֿ
Ҳֺ֣ܶģƽġʹģġعԼѡֲͷˡ
ֿЦŵͷ
Ȼӣ͵ĻǸѾѪģˡ
Ȼ̧ͷʹš
һ룬͵һ
ʫǸƺˣĿڡ˵˵


84 ʫ

ڰʮʫ
ֿͷ¶һ顣
˵ӼҲѶǻӸʫ˵һֲã̽䣬ҲǸ׻Զң⣬ȻѰһطٴοʼɱϷ
ҺãǱɫݡ
Ҫĵѯˡ
ֿӲתְվڡ
ͷֿƵǴѪĳޣһһ߳ɭѯҡ
СҵѾˣʫ߳
ȴ¶ӿ־顭ǵûһ˽
ǳţǸѪ۵ԺСˡ
ӣѪεİ졭
δ
ʵ
һμʱʫǸӣѵһſ֮ˡʱбǸħһɱ˲գ۵ħôһǰ
һޱޣ鵽Сϣȴ·ͷ
ʫûֲˣδ
Ҳ֪ңҾȥ
Ȼ֪֮ãֻͷֲͷһˡ⻰Ƕӣ˵ģӣգգ۾ܿ췴Ӧ˵ֲͷϲЩģ࣬ллĻᡭǿǸرǧѡĻ
ҡҡͷƺ̫˼ֿˣֲԸԼ֡
ԼһģȥҲ߰ɣȥӡѾ֪˭ˣƽ¿̫ƽ֮ɱۡ㻹ʲôѵ˲ɡ
ҲáҲˣȥ棬ȻȥһĿˡѣҲعһųʫ˫
ʫȻ̧ͷ
˭˭
һ
ӣ֪˵˭Ȼʫ֪˵һ֣ʫƺˣɵˣֱ㶵ģƬ̺ع͵ĳ
Ȼʫлӡ
ӣֻǰһӦ֪ʱѾʣͷֱָʫʫǰϰ벽ᱻ̴
ӣһʽʫгɲӡ
Ĳɱʫ
ӣʵʱ䣬ʫѾһٽ
Ҫץ棬ҿ԰ǡ

ҪһڸҪ֪¥ͷƹ
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һ桭ͬ֪ǲͬڡ治֪һ᲻⡣
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ӣεȸ߰ʫȴͨһڵء
İš
˶ߣ´֮ˣͷҲİ¹ɰ롣
ӣ֪ΪͻȻһ֪һǺηʥɴʫ鲻ѿһʫǸ߸ʵİ¹⡣
ղŵѪɣûʫˡ
һ֣Ȼʫ׶ס
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ǰ˵ο£ǼֿӼֱܡ룬ӣ԰⸧̫ƽķ츲ءӣǰǱ湫ӡ
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ӣüֿ̫ˡߵţΪɽưЩ
Ǵʱӣľüֿ˵Ĳ
ʮʮ֣¡
ӣعʫɹǰ
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һ仰ƶͷб
ǲʱδ
һӦٲ
ɲñӦ޹֮ϡԸ⣬ԸȥǣĻᶼûʩ


85 Ծƹ

ڰʮ·Ծƹ
û׷ʣӣʱպá
ʱʣʫһʵġȴӣһ˳ҡ
áȻļֿԸ
ֲͷӭϲŭȻӵĵӶûУԹԵͷ
ӣ뿪󣬼ֿšüֹǼˣƽģ塣
ɽͦģûҲû۵ӣôءֲͷֱ˼⡣
ͷͷãůůģƺǹ⣬ӣ˵˳棬һ˵ǿԼеģֻǽʱЩԡ
û뵽ȴ档
Ȼӣһãȥ
磬ȥģ
棬ѵӣ˻Ƿһ棿
ӣĵ˰˫УеŰҲ֪ȥ幣СӲʱ洦ұģټȫޡ
һ棬һġһᣬȥһ𡭡
ôճУӣʱദ㲻ú£е㷢ë֪Щֶβϡ
˲ݣϣߣ²ƴڻҲðӣûѹӡСӲƴڻһ
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ӣ͵һĵ鶼ôֱۡ񼶱𣬲鲻ôӣʵһӦʱڱܵҡҡͷԼִҪճУ½ֻʮֲ
ǣˣֻԼˡˬԼǲԵġ
棬ǲ
ӣ棬ҪԵġ
ӣˣԹԸ·
˵ǳ·̯ʲôˣڽϣе磬һͷǸ
գӣ˼еľƹݡ
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ΰԵĸûӣԸ˼ӣֻӲͷƤ־ƹݡ
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ǽ־ƹӣŷ֣ܹʮӣֻ˼ˡ
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ӣԼ֮֮ǸСһҧȾƣҲǿȡ
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ӣ;֮ˣСˣС˿ɲᴩųӼ䴩
˿
ӣ´ĵĽ͵ûлƣȥԺһ̳õı׬ˮıϵù

ӣĵһ̳ˮѹ塣
ִ˽УϲŪЩϡŹֵ⣬Ǹ档
ŴˣȻҲĻĻٳ
ֵǣƹݾȻûйŴ󼪡Ȼôڵһֱš
һ̳þƣ
ӣСʵеļĹŴ󼪣ϾйоصģѵÿһƵģҲǸĴԽӵɫʡ
΢ȻЦĿ
ҵô˼С
޹ء
ôһ㿴˶ȥԺѡƣֻ㣬ǱдɸӡһҲ٣ЦһŽ
Ϊ
˼˵̣λõ񣬶ǻͷ͵⣬Ҿö֮ʶˣʱɻֻ𽵹дһݼ֣ʵԿɹҲӺĹϵ˲顣ɺôЦ
΢΢üֳƽ֮ˣȴʮ
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ӣǸһĵȻһײȣȻͬ꣬һ̾Ȼײ𻨡͸ӣƵıʡ
һ۸ڶ۸ڶ˲Уôһеľƹݡ
һ׷ϵӪ
ȻѾ𽵹ˣһҲû˳Ūɡ
ƺƵԽ


86 ּۻ

ڰʮּۻ
˵ƣ˵£ȴ˵档棡Ǿƹݰȥ档һԵһȵģȻڵģǣϣرġ˵˼СϴҺ˵Ǹǳŵ档
һ̣ɫһ䣬ǰһ̵ġʲôһ̵ġʤκɽ亣ζζֱ޷ӡףҺȥӣ
ӣ֪ǰκԼġ
ֵ𣬾Բӣ֣йء
ϵͷ£ҲȥׯһˣȻ͸ʬ˴ȫλǵ档
Ѳǰλ־ͬϡһʱӣֱζӳ¡
һûϵõʲôʾ飬ֻɷӡǡ
Ӣ۳ꡣӸп
ޡҲʲôӢۣҲꡣȻЩģЩȷʵǸӣȻ˲һ˵մߣӦӵЦЦȻͷ״һӦеķӦ
ԭ񰡡
ʵȸ֮٣ֻ˵һǧ˰١
Ȼ˵Ŀġ
ţԲֻΪһ档Ӻֹʮֻ棬ȥļ䲻УαҪôϵƹԡ
ֱǱĩá
һǵһμԱ˵Ĺңϲ˳Լò˭ǵòᱻǺһӵġ
ⱲӻĵһμӣŮӡ
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ӣƣ˵ԼôеĴɱһôӣﻹһ˺
ڽӣĶ̣˵Ծ޵ĸӣ
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˵䣬ȻСﷺģǼʾƵľƹʱӣƺ㹴˶⡣ƹġҲϼ档ҲҪ
ƹġ
ҲҪ
Ȼ⼸֣ǰĻǺģλӸۡˣ˸үȥȻҲ֪ܳСƣߣСһֱڹ̨֮Ǽƿı㱻ȥˡ
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档Էڣͬļ򵥴ֱֱ⡣
Ȼʵ棬Ҳûһõһ˿ƽȣ̬ͣһԷյ顣
Ǳӵĵ̣﷢飬Ȼ䡣ЩҲʲôܣֻҪȥԼӴ֪
֪㽻ЩǿѡұҲҪ
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ƢһҪӣġΪ˰참Ҳô֡
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뿪ڣԼҴӱ˳˵ԺĴһŵſģļҾҲ߷ġ
һ仰ȫģ˼ӣûйϵ
ʹһɤۣʲ²
Ȼ䣬ӣܳ𼸾ģ֪ӣ࿴ֻ֣ǳ𼸾䣬ôӣĶͷ˾ݰɡ
ΪԼҴӣһϢġ
Ȼûӣÿÿ뵽ԼҶӵġܲöǰծ
Ҳܱǰ̡
һʲô⣬ƾԼҴǸʴСӣҲǸͷġ
һŶӺúö飬ƾٳˣҫ档ƫƫ˸һͷۣһսͱĸߵĻۡ
㿿鰸˯ѵĺ˼ţͻȻ䣬ԺһŲ鷿Ĵű˺ƿٴξѡ
˸Ӳμӿƾ٣ȻƪµΣͲŰӸˣ㱻ͻȻѣж⡣
˴³µģҲڶ
ֿҲ
ƿ鷿ŵĹȻǼֲͷֻһϲɫЦļ¶
ŭҲɵû˻
ˣץˡӣһץˡֿ˼ˣǵϱֹʱƺҲûڸˡ
ץǸ쵰ˡ
ڡ
ӣ̫ܸˣֿӵϢ˲컹ûһʱűš
ץˣץˣ
棬档ѾεķȥˡǸ뵰˶СһҪǧС
Ҳ˯ˣһһϵ
ߣȥΡҪҹһǸ棬һΪ޹ˡ
˴Σһ˿ûץ׵ϲ֮ɫϵЦͻȻһաһԼֿϡͿĵǼϲ£ôƵġ
һ
ֲͷ棬ʺһӡ
һûüǵû¶֮ɫ飬ƺͦ븽һġ
ӣ죡ۣôȻŪôһ׮


99 ȡ

һȡ
Щ˳Ա˳ŵģʲôȡ֡
ССĸôɥĲ֮ˡ᲻ˣΪѣôʴʡ
ûȥΧ¥¥ƹ̱ƹҲһҪŪж˾ӡ
صĵͷ
ȴ֮ʱȥ棬ʼճĬԶԣ±ӳϣҲֻ΢΢̧
˫۾˿־⣬顣
ϣֱҲáϢôʳģ
˼֮ſڡӣأʡҪͷҲ˲Լһôһء
ʻְֿҵ£ʵСһ
͵ˡ
ȴ
ˣٿˣʱǰǧУҲٶ˵һ֡
Ǿʹ򡭡ֿҧгݣٴλѶħ
ֲͷſԡˣ뿪ڣǵɽ͹ҲῪڵġ
ֿ̾ο
ͷľˣһ۱ܿʲôСǸȻܣһµ顣ˣǱƲġ
ѵֻš
ⰸӣҪ󣿡ͷ
󡭡

󣿹󡭡ٵ꣬ǵһĴ󰸡ԤʾŵʱտԹۡͷѾ뵽Щջŭġ
ͷƤ顣
㲻˽ףٷʾ
ǰ˽ûʲô񡭡ֻܹ󡣡
һ̾Ĭڹ˵ǡӵӴֱҪ
һȣԼǸʵڲֵһᡣȻϲϰ䣬ϰȥɡٲᲽĺ󳾡
أҪôЩˡֻܲһ档ǵЩ˱ǻӵ֡
¹ڣ԰ģʽ
ֻܿʷˣʱǡ
˼ĵͷ
˰һĺ£Ϊ㲻ףһôҲԶٺõһץ˵ǰ
ûУûףûƼȡ
һ֮¡
໥̽ʵʲʲô쳣
һ磬ӣŰƽʱţûţ㱻½ӵһԡ
֪ʲô˵˰ͽѾץˡ˵˸ø˰Ų˵ŵƽʣҲϲ󰡣ǽ졭ôģ͸Ρ
ӣĵŵƽءʱͷöͲˡ
һֱͽͷˣץֲǸƽˣЩʧɡ
ӣ˵꣬վԶԶĶ֡
æƿֱȥԴһͷˮˡ
Ѵ˷Ըʲôȥǡﻹǵ˴£ţЩ۵¡˵
ǸʵˣʵĲġ
ֻԭʵǸȵġ߸˵лţŲĻС
ҵȥҲ
һǻѪ˲˸͸
ۿӣһ·ȥ˺ãһߡ
ٲӣ
á
ձӣеķ·ԼͻȻŮ
ӣˡˣϲ衭СӣһȥӣλáǿռλĶӣӣλϡ
ӣµգգ۾
ֵ֪һݺȥѰ˸λӣĶ档
յʮŵһڡ
Ѵˡ߯ˡСŵ
ЩǶӣ崺磬תͷԼҴӱ㻯ź
ⲻǾԼӶӣ̫Ųһ
ۡʵûӣͼֿ˸㡯ķӡӣץܲ˵ı˵ǰףȻؽٷЩڷȥͽϹ
˭֪µñӣվһȥˡ
ͼֲͷʾ֭뵽յ֮Ժ
ûӣֻýƾͼƣ˵ƾͼǺЩʵ˵¿ֱЩ˫һ̯˦
ȻƻĴƣ㿴ʲôҳ֡
ʼգ󿴵ӣ
һңſʬ߯Ѫȣһûйҵϡ
˭֪ͦƢԵģֻ۾ֻ۾˵ӣͷ˵ӣưӣš
δ룬Ȼץˡ
ִ˲죬ӣȴܼ仰ڡ


100 

һһ
и̾˲òడǰ˼ңֻܾˡ
Ρ
ɫЩҲסɶԷֲҷôһ֮Ҽˣ˭˼ҳƽ
ԼҴӼ
ǡǰôӣ㲻ΪҪӣڳһžջӶü١
ջʲô
ջĪǳЦԼģ
ҷҲӣǶԼҴӣϸ֮ġ
ֻɫһЦգһžջ˲
幣쿪ʼȥ顣ǰһ졣
һ̣ѹӱһˡˣ˵¡
ٴξ¿ѹ㵽һֻȡ
Ҫô죿סɹأɱһǰǧСԺ󻹻ʮٸ
Ѱģɱһ˸ס
ѵǶžɱΪֵİϷ
İǣЩүӣվһģģȴH¡
ЩȻûԶ֣ͬͽǱɶͽ
ǻףһɱһȵѹǷĺܣ̧̧ƣѹӸæ졣
СӺӣ档һɱһ˵ɡ
ɱ˵ģضʮָ㡣
ֻкȱ㣬ˣŻɱȡ֡
ѵҪѸĸɸɸһ飬пɵģͨͨȥ
Щ˾ȳ棬ոһһģôɱֹаˡ⻰Ҳȫ޵ɱһҪɱһЩģɱӺҲǺõġ
ָŶͷһҹδߣɫЩ㲡
֮£ӣȥ˯ʱǲ˲
ôҳЩˣѵȥ¥ĶҪɣ
Һӣǣֻ׼档
ĵͷҲֻˣǸ˾ְɡǸõģЩͷ۵£İɣټһӣ
ӣһǰһ뿪鷿
ѹӿԼϵһŹ˾ȥˣæ񡭡ȻƵĸӣ
磬ӣõĵ幵ĵطܿڡ
ȻϴΪԺ±Լ˸ѪͷǺ˰۵
ٱѵӣЦʵŶϴΪδͬȥ
ԭһֱ
ϴε䵽ϣٲһټǹĳ𡣿ѹͬУºǹĶ䵽ѹˡֿ˵ݺݳԼҶӼӣѹһ·Щ˳ա
ӺɷΪӱ־˵ҵӲʵͦģºֵġ
ӣĵǸĴġԼ·ˡ
幣ӣͦ͡
ʲôҲãҲգУĥ־ģǸӲݴԣ˹ȥǰ·һƬ̹;ѹÿÿĺݣӣʼմЦǸһǻ֮ĵĺúӡ
־򣬱ǿ˿ʮֱӡ
ѹӱǿԼӣһ˲Ц˻
ҲСˣҲüˣһȥһ¥Ǹƹɡ
ѹȻǱŸߵĸ󣬴ԼֻƤӣҪʱԼҴѾһС򡯵ĺϷˡ
ԸͬˣȻҪò
棬ãΪϡɶԸֳ˵ʲôﶼ
Ӳ
ƹ죬Ǻİ䡣
ƹΪ˺ٹ¥ģλƹ޲ڡ
ϴηһ¥ƹȻֵʮּҲֻǿ˵ԼùºΣԷҲûм׷˼һ˵Լһ۲ʶ̩ɽŭ˹ͣ¥ĴԴĽ˲˼ۡ
㡮졯ʵǸ˲Ű
ӣٴνǼѶңαŵǸӡλƹίʵԲЩӰϣճһӣէȥֻ׵ķţ
ʱ¡
λӣԩСİؼ¥ӡԴϴεС㣬СıʶԼش˼Ѿǰһ롣
¥ĹѾԹصˡ
Ͼ¥÷ģЩˡǿеԭҲ¥ͬڱ𴦵ζ˼۽ˣƷȻҲղЩ
ţȥ¥һÿ춼пСıԹɻԭӳԷ
ƹһ仹սսһ⡣˵󣬾Ȼί
ƺ򽵼۷粨۲ᡣ[ӸƱлһֱ椴͵λ~~~ôô~~~]


101 춷

һ¶춷
ӣһȻţƺƹ˵ʲô
ڶѹȴһ죬Ķܱ˵ɻġ¥ȥȥҲǰʮˡ׬ĶǺӣףȻҲƮ
ӿɲô˵ʲôкӣλӺλҲȥ¥óĻֺӣѵλ׬ҲǺӣ
죬ٺСү˺졣
ˮίʵСǿϲԱƱ
幣Щ
ⱻС磬ƮƮı㰲ʧ֮ɫһš
ٿʱƺǸ麩һȴƹ
ӣĵΪǸͭ뾹ȻͭµĻƽ
ϴˣ¥ǣУȻԡ뵽ֻΪӣһҪȥ¥
Щ˵ĿԸ໨ʮʮļǮȥ¥Էԭǰףȴˡ
ԭǳԵĲǷǡ
Ѫ񲡣
ֱΪˡ
ǰСƹֻƹΪ˺Ǹģ¥ƷۣҲ˹ˡڿҵĿˡ
ޡǸơ¥Դӿҵһ죬Ʒ͸ľ¥ͬǸӣڸվȽŸ˿ڱ˲Ŷ
Ҫ˵лСҪл鱦ءҲҪлƽ¡ǵõСЩص¥Ҳάϵ
ӣЦЦ
ƹŵƺȥ˼֡
ϾͻȻΣܶȾѪ̾ߣ˭õսľ
ƹԭΪԼ׶༪١
ӣлҳƹǿŸ߸ڻ˵ء
Щ飬ֻҪۿ˵ʮΰٴΣҲš
¥͵ߵıǸ߶·ߡʳͶûӹأſ췹ԵĲȥһΣֳôһҲƢã׷׷Ȼ˳Բ˶ߡ
Ϊͳֺơƹһʱ벻ͨҲӣ
Ϊôݵġ
ƹԾ߹ʲôУһ۱ܿ
ʵƹȷʵʶǮ˼ҵĹӸ硣һҪ⣬Ǿǣʱ¥ģЩֵֻ֪ġ
ǸСط
Ҳûʲôر߹ġЩϸͭʲôȿԡ
ҲǹơѶѡ˼ɫģԵ˼԰ֵ
ӣȻٴСŵľ¡
ɺѶ˳˵Ůװ
ֲȹټ֬ˮۣҲϸ¸Լü۵ģ˿ʮֵʵ˼ҵѾͷȥЩ
վƹǰ
ʵ˺жô˲õĳƹͷֻһ仰Ϲèӡ¥ǶٷȻ͹˵ҡ
ӣƹЦһջƣͻȻþջֱֱӡ
ͦصġľ¥⣬ɲȥ׬Ǯֻ¥ԪǶһݵġ
ƹϵЦƷ·𱻶סˡ
ƽȼģȻΪӣһ仰¶
һ֮ɫ˵ʲôСôһҲĪǡںС˵Ц
˵Ǿ˻ƹֻ֤һ¡ƹģˡ
ǸһƽϡһСôܳˣ
ǸҲ֪еżٸƶƹ¥⼸굽ո˶
¥ڸмˡǰ꿿ʲôά֣
˵ʲôǿ鱦꺢Ӷļˡ
ôСط¥֡Сľ¥
Ҳ˵ʲôƹĿʼһ֪ģʽ
̲סˣʾ£ݺݳӼӡֱһƵѲѪӡ
ƹɱ
ɽԩ
幣ˡ
˿ǸͷƺΪ˱סСûеߡ
ǲƹֳļ
·ȻͬǶ˵мͬ
ڣôѶ뿪ڣ˿졣
֨ýУҪĲҽƷ˵˵ȥǼ仰
Ʋ򣬿ȴ漣ıܿϵҪ
¿̵ļʽЩ޲ߡ
磬ҴһƤͲС
幾ôĻݡԸƤ͵úݺݵĴ򣬴һӾĿڡ


102 Ϊִ

һΪִ
ӣһۣȻ̧ͷֹ幵ç֮١
ҲˣȥȿڲЪһЪ
ѹǸϸһôʱ˵ķ±ӣȥһԺȲȥˡ
Ķõƹ⣬һ߶ԩٸ˽̣С
ƹҶ¥ǸʲôطʲôĹǼȻ֤ȷ䡣ԩ֣㻹ȥЩĹ˵ɡʮ˲ǲܳ顣
ԸˣͬǹΪϡ
ɹ⹥Ļ
ĳϣı滹ҪѶԸ
ȻѪĵٻģƹͬ
ѪģЦĶãҲǺڵġ
´ʱύӣһƵӵӣ˵Ļɲš
ӣ˵꣬תң˳ѹӡ
ǳʱˡ
ܻٶˣӣĵİẢӡ
ЩãԺӣһҪЩǰǰղŲúͣġ
ǸƹһǸģٶ鼸ʮӣƤѪ׷ɣͲڡ
ʱÿء
Ѷ֮š
Ӱһӱ㿪ʼһֱǷ̣ˡܻ˵ſڡɲʵʵ˵ġֻҪ˹¥ģҧ
룬éٿ
ǰһޣȻʹӦþǷŭЩڶ޿ʼ˱Ҫʼˡһ˰߰˱ޣѾˡӣһֱģӵһ޿ʼʼڽԩ
˵ʮˣȻ޵һѱһᣬɾʮ㡣
Ṧ򣿡
幷ӦĵΣûй
ҲдˣԽ֣Խ˻ɡ
ûʶ̫ˡ
ӣȻҺŪСүҽȥķȴۡ平ͷȥѵƹ񣬱ӣ
Ժлѵ
Ų鲻Ըĸӣ˴Ρ
Ĵʱ䣬ӣûֱźһԺӡ
ɷ˵ӣ
Żˡģ㵱ӣҵ˲ɣݵȥ
֣αضŭţƢĺãƽɫʱȻŵЦ⣬мַΡ
һҹ㶼š֪ӣṦ򣬻գǺξģ
ӣһ£ȻṦ򣬿ҲץࡣοԱӵ֣ȫѡ
ӣǸú档
ǰִʱûΪִ¡ģ˲ãȻ֮¡
ӣǰҪԼС嵲м䣬ֹһܻѪ¼
Ŵ˶νЩ
ֻûվֱ㱻һת˸ȦȻ󡣡Եȣ顣ܾӺӣ˵꣬תŶš
ģǸôÿţö֮㲻ҥ𣬻
Цҵϰ֮ˣءӣǸŮӣȴҲҡţ׿һǷЩ
Ųʣ֪ӣһҡͷ
Ůʱǿֱǰƥءѹֲסǹɻ
ƾʲôӣȥ
ÿҪӣţֱֻ롣
ӣסһԺӣÿʱûһյĹ򣬷졮ռӣʱ䡣
ǲԣ̫ƽҴƴߵﶼֻб˷еķݡӣ֪ͬĸ壬֪סηǿڸšǴÿҹһͬšԺڸ㣿
ⰸӽˣǱҪƽˡ
ڸô
ӣʶľȻԶ
ֻҪ㲻ӣһҪ꣬á
δ֪
ȴڵĽ
Ҫˣ˵˰᰸Ҫ뿪ˡ
ӣЩҲ򣬲û˵Ĵ󻧣ļҲڴˡ޲ɢ֮ϯоɢ
ţҸܺڵӪǡ
ӣнţ
ţصҡ
֪ΪҴ㣬ɾ˵ҲЩҲã˵Ҳգ֮ˣΪ⣬⣬˲ҷֺ
żֱ֪Ҫôӣźá
һңֱδš


103 ծ

һծ
ߣѾˣһŮ¶ģ
ֱֱ
˭㣡㱻˵ҲãҲգҺθɣ
Ӳ治ϲ
ӣʮΡţ˵زã᲻á߶൱Ѱѿأ˵Ҳ֣ʶĪദĪҲ˵Ī
⻹ǵǸڹײɹ̫Ǹ
Ǻεȵѣߵļֱǿſק·ߣôԽġСǼ
ҥɱ˵ѪȴȡӣΪ֮ɡƽһ㡣
⡣
ûôŮˡãǲײǽͷ㿴ȥײͷѪ
˵꣬˦ȥ
ӣ׷ȥͣȴס䡣
磬ҵȥŰѻ˵
֮˺붼Ϊ֮䲻̹ϣܾû˵ôԷӦ⡣
˭Ҳ˭Ļ׳档
˵öԷȥСΪᣬջճġ
ӣɲеΪнԶ
ǷƢһˡǻҪҪ졣
һҪ£Ȼӣ׷ŵĴ㡣һҲãٺҲ
£
ǽʾڹǰþЩ֮ˡ
˰ѹӶ󣬾˵½ˣһ°빦
綼𣿿ʳЩʲô
˵˲ǶǵĻõĲ࣬ҵ֤һ¡
ӣ䣬֪һĶ䣬ȷʲô
¥ĻĶҡӦú;ǡǣǺ棬ƺ˵ʲôȴûпڡ
ӣ̾һ
Ҳݣܽһ۵¥Ӫˮ
ǽƵƵû˻ע⵽¥¥۲ĺ𡭡
Ҫ˵ûпɽš
Ҳ֪е𣿡
һĶֵأѴһ֪
¹Ӧꡣʱ˵ݰԾơ
ֻģö֮ûͽλˡ֪ľˮˮ
ǷԼĲơ
Լˮš
棬ҲǿٳһƬ˫Ӯ档¥ż꣬ûŸ׿ͣҽмۣ
һԸһԸ¡¥Կŵһ죬ҳһ۲˵ȥģЩҡ˭ΪŸ״СԲ
ԣ¥Ĵڣһֱžˮˮ
ʹ֪˸ôĴڣҲδ档
ѴˣмŴ£һֻѾľõı¡Ŭ͵
ӣͷһ
ѹֶӣʵϣģЩһ
Ҫȥģ򡭡ǲҪȥȨӣ
ǡ
ڼȨʲôĿģֲˡ
ӣֺദһ̫ʢҪȻױ
˵ϲ˵һһ롣
һһ롣
ֱ²²£иĬƴܰ
ϴǸԾƹݣϴǸλá
ֻǽ죬ûƣֻһȨҹӡ޾ƣԾƹݰչˡȨˮľƶдˣɼĲᡣ
Ǳ档
û档
ʲô
ʲôûСӣ룬˵ĶԻмôԽԽûлء
еһӣѾߵ·ˡȻһſͷӣ˵Ȼ޾棬ǱѰ
˵գ
ӣϷƺСֻ࣬ܰ˵İ졣ȨӣṆֻ̀䡣
ҺŽĹӸ硣СʹΧţţҪʲôֻ֣˵ݵ
Ȩʮ꣬ûԹôĿء
ҹ˴ġ
һѰ档
ȨȻ֪֣һ벶ȸں󡣲ۿűҪѰˣȴͻȻɱ˽ȵǡ
ˣ䡣
Ǳ߻ʲɣȻԹԽһ֮¶
ʤܡ
˵˱ˣ磬ʵɶ
Ըķ䣬ҵ£һʵ桭أˣ
˱ι˵ɢһжá
Ȩһըë¹ֵĹӣƢҲʵĿӣۼ֤һ⡣
ˣιɢ˻Ϊġ
С¶ѱˣ𼸷Ϊ𣿡ʣȨһʱԡ


104 ǱΪ顱

һ¡ǱΪ顱
Ƭ̺ɫѿĿ˿ڡǱɡߵЩĥֻҪ֪޲ԡ
ӣ㵱Ǵðӣߣᱻ²¼һôܸɵʵ˲ܰްֱ֮࣬˯ֻݷϻ
ǰˣȨһΡ
֮ʹ죬Ҳʹ졣ֻⷬ˵ֱëë꣬۾ûգֱӱ㲵лҺ͵ϧʯ
áɱȵ졭롣
ĵһ죬ҲһġȨҼȻ󡭡ǿͶϵ°ɣҲܶȨЩ¼ɡ
ȨҳҲģȨһˡ
ȨС롣ȨС̰̫²¼ɡ
ˣһ˵һ䣬һҪһ䡣
ֱĺӣɼˡӣֻܵͷȲ裬ѽϷݺã˵ĿģػأƵ˼ʮѲ£ӣԼʶȤЩʱ򵱸ɵҲͦõġ
ֻȨȻŹӣ
ζӣߡȻһ㣬οʬд㰸Ҳʮһףҹ֮ӣһ֮ġ
˲飬ֻ֪ٷ˱ݣλүƺҲ뿪˳ңȥ
Ϸʧ˶Ůӣһ
˵ĴȥѰү
Ȼֻ֪ģȨ֪λү⡣
վǳѪҺˣѰҲ⡣ϷȻ޼ӣֶΪӣϰִ֮ƳҡչѪռϷ硣
ϷǱлͣÿֻȥСżֶһԶٱ㷹
Ȼ·˺쳾Դš
Ľ֣Ȼ̾Ϣ࣬ŪӳСóhھȪ֮Ŀ
֪ܻʹģӣѡ׷鵽סû˳ƽӿ۵ͷϡȨʮָмӣ
ӣ۲ӵ־Ȩʮ塣
ԣӣߣĿıЩ˷ˡ
﹦øİ֪ΪһӹΪ
ӣ̧۾ȥȨֻȻЦЦôЩëȻ
ӣͻȻ뵽ԼΪ壬ȷʵȨġ
ӣϾﵨСĹⱻȨӼ仰ŵġȨҪҺúһҶЩͽ𣿲ˣ
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ǲŴȨǺãһ²һ£ȨӻϢ˵ĺá
ݣȨĳʰ·硣
ˡӣͷȲ裬Ů
ƹݵѾȫͬˡ
ղŻԣӣһˤĻ£Ȩƶʱһǡ
Ȩ˳治֪ӴĹ
ˡӣǸƢĹֻҪΪѡԣȡ
ԹɲΪгŵɡʲôġɡΪ桭һᶦ
ˣȶлȨˡ
˵ȨֻĵһѰһԡƤŮ
ʽ̸ʱ䡣
˵ĺܿ죬ӣһ֪⣬ֲԱ̴ֻܵһıڻС㡣
ĿŶּۻۣģѵĴԼһƣǴ˳
ʱȨʵԼԼһߵʵش
ͲôνԹȥ
˳ܴһ¶δֳ
ǵûԸ͵ʴס׮Ŀ⡣
ˣһؼҺȻ͸һȥݼ¡
ӦȨҰȨҵһ塭
Ϊڹ졭һ˰ͽ
Ҳ濪ѣȨ޷ܾǳԶһ㣬Խ޿ֱ֡Ҫ̰ɾ
Ϊ㣬ֻܾͷ
˼ıȨʼˡＴ޾Ҳ棬λѰɡ۵ȨӼֱٿһˡӣвɣɱ
ֱӰ
ǲֻܶˡ
óԸҲûм˼
˰˽һŰӣһȥ


105 йŮ

һ¹йŮ
ʲôߡվסΪʲôһѲɡǡȥʮǰ׮
ߵĺɡ
ӣȻһͷˮǳΣûжʣ˾ƹݡ
Ȩ˵ıأԳ
գ¶Ц⡭ŲҰʮ꣬Ƕ˸ӣΣѵʱ⵹ɣ
ʮˡ
ɱ֮缺Ϊݹǡ
ʮǰûз׮ӡǲ桭ҡȨҡͬȨ֪뵽˵⻰ʱȻ飬ȨЦˣЦãЦ⣬۽ȴᡣ
ţӣһν
ʮǰ
ִֶζϣҲ޲ߵġ
ˡӣֱһǲҲ괩ˣҪôͻȻθдȻǺ£ɹĸηʾЩԲ
ɲʣѾ͵
˵Ȩʹģʮǰ׮ӣǣ˺ܶˡȨңңңǣУʱҲǾһʱֻǷзãҲûҵס
һΪĴʮǰءôõİӣҪư漣֪˭˳ϣмֻᡣȻʼң⡣
ʮˡ
֤缺ɢˣʬǶѳɿݹˡ
ÿɷֻǶӣЦЦӣ￩һԼĸо
ӣΪԼСԺˣʱǻƳϣ˽١ֵϡĹŵǰӣǰһľ룬ƹӰӺϳ̡
䣬·ϣֻǶˡ
ӣȻ⾳ͦиͷһ
ôһֱȥƺҲ
뷨ίʵ̫ˣӣͨͨ˼£Ͽ뷨ϵԺǰ߳ȥ뷨СʮִֹԽԼҪ룬Խܡ
ӣ˻ͻȻ·ķƺסСԺķ
磬ȥģ
ؼҡ
ҼǱ߰ӣɵɵָԼСԺ
פ㣬ͷϱмΡղŲǸ߹㣬ȥҼҡҲͷġ
ӣʱͷ
Ѳɡղź˼̫棬ڸû˵ʲôϡͿıͷ
ʱôˣûˡҪҸ徲ط飬ʱҼҸʣ
ôһʣӣ룬ңƺûʲô徲طˡ
סСԺӣǡ
ڣ˲֪ʲôһͲƴһˡӣɲҰԼ졣
˵ܴǽƴء
áǾȥ
еʮ˳û˳ʱľн
䣬ӡʵҲûʲôø˵ģϽֲֻӣһˡ
Ǿƺӣ³öЩýеĶ
ӣǵһĸۡ
˽ֹֿ˵̫СˡӲֵȥԾ棬˵һǼ˸ˣֵǿƻӵļࡣ
ʵ˵˵ȥǳԲһҧġ
Ҳ뿪۽磬ӼҵεƫƫƧѹ
ǽû¶ȥ͵뷨ôͱɵ˼ء
ֱҴţ뵽Է˲裬գգ۾һϷ顭ȻĻֳˡ
һźߵʱ򻹺ĵš
ȻУӣ۵СۣӣʶҹŮһҡ
Ǵȥʱ¶Ů˵ϿⱲӶôֹˡ
ģзһ˽䱸ͭǽڡ
ҲģһҴûĹ⻰Ҳ٣ǼжѾֵʮֵ͵ˣڲסȣ´ұܵհʱʱյصļֿʵҲʮ
˵жܶΣܻΪģ³ͷӣ治ɫĲ
ЦЦӣֱ£֪һ仰ĵס
ҸոպȨ̶ķΣ
áȨӳˣǸˡͻȻվضЩһֲԽңʤԽ󡣡
ֻһУԸЩڤ粻֮ǰǡǵڹǰ永ҳ롣Щˣһ̶ס
Ķ˶ĺӣ
ӣˡ


106 ʩ

һʩ
ӣֻѰŮӣŮӰ
ղ·Щ߰ͷȻͻĵ׷ߣֱԺͷֱһʰ
ӣнп࣬ͲͷӦ󸮡
ǺεȻ֮ˣôӣĲɡʵҲûӣǿ١
ŵĹ޲һʮʱ뿴Ǹ
ˣʱµĹ֮𣬿ǾƯͿһֲѲʩۣ֬ȴЩ޳ü۵Ĺ￴˳ǧٱ

͡
ʱ¹ûеĺƷʡ
ηգΪԩֱǰ
裬ܲ
ĹⱲһ
ңʶ֪һգһưһԩһҳ˼һƽ
ӣǸͻ
£Լ߻Σķô˽ĵĽߺһܡ
뵽˼˳Ŭ˼⡣
ӣʲô÷ӣ

ӣ㶣Ŭղʲô
Ȼ˲佫ӵ롣ðעתƵ
м֪֪֮Լˡ
ԲΪȫ˶һġ
Ҳá᲻Ů첻ʵںʱµĹǸ롣ġעҪ¶ˡ
ƣԼĵЩ
ѹһһˮšֲͷҲ˵̫ƽſһǲ硭ûŪҵôóЩӡҲ˯ȾʱʱΪӷ
ÿõĲ۶жġ
͢ͷ²öȡ
ƫƫǸģҾѵĿ󣬱󿪷֮ţŰŸ¡ö֮ƺ˳µ¡
ˣˡ
ǲ˶ǽǽӹʮ׽⡣
ҵԸꡣ
һ죬һڶ죬죬ʮ
ɫ΢䣬ȻӭӣеǳЦͻȻʶԼƫˣӣԸңǼ𣬾Щңġ

粻Ϊǻӣң˰ɡˡ
ⰸӣʵܶ˱᰸ˡٲȥ»¡
밡¥һǧģЩʲôˣһǸͷ˼ҡɱϷ²ǵĳʼ˭ҲҴɱ˿ʼ
ҲǵϷ
ǿЩ˴ŵЦֻЩԽԽ裬ԽԽò̼
գɱϷʼˡ
ѡĶЩ޸֮ĹصĹЩƶġĹﶼЩ޿ġ
ܵĲע⡣
Ϊɱˣ²ֹЩ
ЩǿԶҵˡ
ҡҼҵµĴ
粻Ҳ½¡˭ĴЩ̫ɥĲ˵ķվŵֻҪӣ㲻׷֮¡
ΪܽЩһ򾡡ĽЩѺСҵġ̫ƽҡµ̫ƽΪأλУóġɼ㲻ó裬Ҳ˰š
Ͼǻӣ֮λϾδڴ֮ǰһжܷ
Ȼܴѹһһԣҡ
ӣĻһɸ¶
벻ܲˣܲ˵İǿߡ
ǣܡ
ܺ
ģ
Щ˲ɱɸģ
ӣҡͷġǴΪء
˵ΪأӣͷۼĿӣƺ⡣
ͻȻһۡ
ٲ׷
Ȼǡ˵ӱʮ겻ǲһ¾ǣôˡǻᶯҡġЩ˼¼ڲᡭѵǲɡ
ǿһһʰ
꣬꣬ʮ꣬ʮ꣬һ죬ὫﾡþȪ֮µĹĿ
磬ԭҲЩĹ塣
ӣⷬѵĺ޹
ľ޹ءıԣ᲻ϧһоĻЩˣǲݼ
Ҳǣڹơ
Ļҡ
£ȻƽƽĸҪǣ
ԡŻᡭؾᡣ
Ϊʲôӣ㲻ǸЭŮӣΪʲôΪʲô˵Ļ
һȫƫ̻ƫ̻ƽĻ
ʲôΪʲôҶ˵˴ΪءܲİѸ췭ظɡҲǣӳĺá


107 

һ·
ӣؾᣬҲʵΪʲôֺγ֪
룬Ϊˡ
˵һǣôˣҲЩң⡣
Ǹ÷ӣϲӣǾӱʮ겻ֻΪ˾нظ²ͷʲô÷˵
һʱҲ˵ʲôζ
ϣ
һƽСȴ֪֮飬֮׵ġ
ӣ֮֮λĵʶѴ˵ϵѴ˻ġ

ЦˡģȻ
ӣϲ׸ƣӭ²£ЩͽҲǧ֮⡣
ˣһֱȻ˹š
Ȼⷨ˿УǾһαƵЩɡ
á
һһʱӣСԺʱˡ
·ϼż˳ʱһǰһҲ֪˻߿Щǲеġ
լ󣬻ûúù⸧ҹҵǾܿӣЦ˵ƺÿһ𣬻»ץˣִʱӣԹǽһҵҵ
ࡣȹŸ١
á˾вסӣг٣ҷˡæµЩĺáüӣϽ͵ɱңҿɲϣ£Ҳ뵱лỹǺ˵һ˵СŻ°ɣɱȵʶˡǵӡˣҪȰԼˡ
šЩҸ
ĸҽ
ûе¡ӣҡͷ
Ѩ硱
Ҳ֪ģžҡҾȵġ

ӣһʱЩӦ⻰ͷ㱻ЩٵĴˡ
Ҵӳｫ㡭ȥҽݵġЩ³Ǹֱ֡˵ӣȥҽݵģǻӣȻ˷ֱӣҲʱ¹ľнŮб𡭡ʱʮֺڡ
ڵԼᡣ
ӣˣ³ǲŪ
һʣȴ֪οڡ
лľ֮ڴ֮ǰŴҷظڼҡ˵ҵʱѾˡĴ󷢣̧سҴʱʬǿ¶Ѱˡ
ô˵
ëȻ
룬Ƿ״Ⱳõ飬첻֪ΪͻȻһӣ͵ҽݡ
ã˵СҵҪ䶬ҿҲ߲˵Ҷȷо֮СҲǸˡֻǣҾΪж֮¡
ΪΣ
ֻ֮ж飬ûŮ֮飬ǿΪޣҲһԹżǲǱǺˡ
δ
ӣҲ֪ôͻȻ̸⡣δʵʳġôƮƮ˳
գ֪ԼûҾԼһ긡Ƽ֪·Ҳ֪ȥ·ʵôģǰȴЩƲס
ֱֱмѳˡ
ѳӣֱͻȻܽԺĴŵˡ
˶ΰĲùҹֻҪŬܲ粻صҡ
ӣ֪䲹жʧܡ
װǿĹʹ˵ġ
ҹɫ£ȭסûߵĹ
Լĸ飬Ѿˡǰ֪Ҽ̾ϢݣȻ̫ףίʵ˿ˣбﻹֱӣװѡ
ֻǡ
룬ӣһ磬á
չҸ÷
һӷ޶ͺġ
뵽Щƽȭ˫ȭչָ΢񡭡ߵĹһƷ磬ץҲץ
ֻԶԶĹţýˣƷɢ
᰸ȥһ¡
ڶᣬӣѾûгʱǰԾˡ
ʵҲûʲôͲͷǵĹ򡣡
ⰸӣû㣬ưңңڡ
áҺһȥ¡飬ӣʵܾˡߣʵܾ
ЩЩ֪ЧҵʲôӣԼжһֵֵ׷桭
ȻܽΣʵԴҲ޹ʹȥһ


108 ʵ̫ɵ

һʵ̫ɵ
˸˼һ·ߵʮֳĬ
˼ĬԶԡ
ӣ͵ſڣƿ߽ԺӣͣƬ̣ȷӣת뿪
ϣ߳ɣǽҹɫУƺҹΪһ塣ɲǸҹɫеˣΪʲôڴʱ棬˴˶֪
㲻뿪Ժӡ
ǰ¹ճ˵Ȼš
Ҳˣ޿֮ˡ
ΣİΣҪһҪСЩԷöǣֻױ˵ǡ
Ȼ֪գΪǿû˰Ʋ㲻ڿƭҡʲô£˲ȴ֪ưͽңˣӣȴƭҡźһ˵ô໰
Ź˵֮⡣
ƺ򽻵ֲò
Ǽζţ֡ûãɹҡÿӣţҹ˲ӣ
һҪ˵ġ
潫ƣΪЩûá
ˣɵӣĺĵ¿ηΣȻһһ͡
챻ˣ»ðأʵ޹أʱҲûᡭƼˮ꣬ͬһ̰ˡ
ضֵ
ӣʵ̫ɵˡɵ
Ҳʱԭ
Σʡ
ɫ˳Ȼˣ֪ὫվΪλҪǿֻ֡ǸСЩ˼һ˼ưҳףΪЩĹԩȴȴͽŴηЩ޹㲻ӣվһ𡣡
ЦЦƺеĶ񶾡ȰһȰˣҾš
֪˳ˣҳףףһƬա֡
Ǳ㲻ҵĴˡҰ£㲻ȥΣʱҲͦӢ۾
˵꣬š
˦ȥ㲻ǲֻץһףСආڡ¥
ŵĻʣš
ۼӰԽԽǰɵıź޺޵ջߡ
ֶ̫ˡûע⵽
СԺԺֻţ͸϶һӰ뿪ʱһš
ӣصӣЩġ
ŸղԼ˵ĻƺЩݡ֮Ĵ㣬һ˰
ڣֱӾܾˡ
ʵе㲻ʶôӣȥȱȲ裬Ȼûͼ䡣
û뵽
ȴŵĶԻ
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ʬֶΣǰ±гЦðɡЦִ֪磬Ц󷽡
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һͻȻðĹƾʲô࿴ƾʲô
˼ҲһۣżΪԼǶһ޶ġ
вҲĲᡣΪǵëôŻһӣЩ䣬ѾǳʱڣҹѾмˣǾ
ϴԼһš
˫ۻůЩ֪ļݶڴ
ӣ˯𣿡
⣬ʵ
ӣ뿪ڣôĬš
һƬڣӳΡ
һ֮ǰңԼͦˣȻûдϣҲûﰮġ
ʳƺҲ
ƾԼıӡˣȻû켣ţ˸ŴԱĲ¡
ҲǴԽŮеٮٮˡ
Ź˶ñ㱻ش
ԭʼգǸɵӡ
Ĺģů⣬ǡˮ¡
һƬ
ˣ͵Լ˻ɵɡ
죬Ժ󡭡ǹԹıӣЩԶЩɡʲôţЩȥɡ
ӣĻӦ뿪
ҹָԭš
ûжսӣġ
ӣΪԼһһҹߣû뵽˸ʬجΣһʡ
ϴʱпԼЩ׵۾ӣֱһͷˮˡ
Ժ̸ֻպ
ӣ򵥽˵ҹ˺һ첡١
һš


109 ʱֹ

һһʮ¼ʱֹ
Ȼհ졣Ȼӣ˷Щʱߵţӣ࣬ӣǿӦ
żӣɫ԰ףݵθ˶ӣ˷纮ĻǾˡ
ӣȥţҲԼ١
ҲûãȥȫǷȡ
һ죬ӣЪϢԺ̸պԱ߿ţżֽкãżɨŵ۴С
ȳԺɹ̫ʱߺ˲ˮ
һжԵôƽ
ӣ˳ǣԼ̫ˡ
ǡ˻ɵ𣿶°͵Լѧ˻**ɡ
ܹǽ֮Էˡ˼¡
ӣ⣬˰ƺĲ¡СԺҲסˡ
ԻϺӴ壬βסˡ
ڴСԺӣһɽѧŲЩӣЩС
͵ִҰˡ
ȻıС̰ģӽ±⣬һٿǱС
ôһ룬泩ˡ
ûǣӲʱʱǹŰ飬ܹҰ׵ء
ӣûš
źǰʲôڣ͡
űֳģ⣿
׷
ǲЩˣֻܶˡ
Сʵ͸˵˼˵ľ˭ߵĽ˭
Լ
ϣСԺۣżӣɫǰöˣŻ
ӣЦ̸֣˵ЦȻԾȳһƣлպҷظ̧
ǵȳĨĨ۾˵֪ӣô룬㲻̧ˡ
ӣЦָȳһơ
ȳͷ£ЩĪӣ
˵˵ЦЦģһ˰ʱ
̸պƺӣⲽ֪ߵСˮߡ
첻ɻȻ˻ֱֱ̽ˮ桭ľ涥ŵ۵ĻҶСϷţ׷š
ƽӣǰһƺҲųˡ
Լ·һСС·ˡ
ʵûҪһ۸˵飬߯顣
ͻȻ˸Ӱزȥӣ֪š
ӿɺЩˣ
ѾˡһĹϵȰӽˣҪ١
˱áǸСɱԼЩçӡǿԺڰײ֣ҹߵ㲻СžԼֱ곤ӣģʽ
¼ˡ
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ӣͷ麬Цɼˡ
ŵҲʵЩӱȥ˵
ӣûϵҲƼˮһӱŹ··ˡǿƲסҲ²졣
ǿӣɵ۾ϡ
ġܵġ
Ǹиģǲĳ˵ˡ˼̫ΪĿģԹ޹ﱻɱ
ţӣ֣ӣֽ֮˳
ҲиĹ
ڵȣһõʱͨ˲ʲôǿʯͷĸӣ֣ȡ
ֻӣӣƺ
չмӣ̻Ϊӣһֱ˵ơ
һôģ˿˼ӣǣ̫޷ˡұӻӣأ¥Ļ֮׷ӣҪȥδӣ
ЩŶ޷ӣֱԡ
ֻǹȰӣᡣ
һƺ˩ϡ
˳Сƺ뿪ˣ˸ĸоЩͬˡ
硣֪ΪҺãƢ̫ãܰưŵһλ˵㡭
һ磬ŵĲ˲ӣֱ֡
ôͻȻ֮ƺˡЩĻŰܾýӣƺʲôʵڿʲô
ôͻȻôˡеӣǸĹЩµġеңЩͿˡ
ӣЦЦȻϰߣԺֱ֡磬Ǵлһ·໤֮顣
ôԽԽŰ
üͷ´ӣӣЦӯӯɫȻЩ԰ף鿴ʮƽͣʵڿʲô쳣
ҵˣлᣬҶȻʵ档֮䣬˵ʲôм֮Ļܻһʱ㻤һʱӣԺһҪСЩԼ
áģһСġ
˵ĶԻΪֹԻݺ˼ȥýӣȻЩ֣ƺõķչôһ룬òǻ£ӣôͨģһ֣ʤ


110 Īս

һһʮһĪս
ֻŵĺûֶá
Ժű㱻ߵˡ
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116 ʰ

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118 

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119 Ⱥ鼤

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ӣݣмԿڣû͵ҲɴֻƬУƺǸϧ֮ˡƹѾ˵ϣѾֱָشˣλ¾ȻôһȻ顣֮ӣʰ·硣
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122 

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123 ӱ

һٶʮӱ
ӣ񡣡ϿڣӣδڵĻ˻ȥ
ӣڣȻû˵ȫɴ˼Ѿʮˡ⹦ͣģҪӣɵܵǿǶ˼ԴҲûеɵﾹȻѻơ
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˦ң

룡żҧгݵ˵
ҲڴϷˡҿɲԺŶָָ㡣
ӣҶ˦ң롣
ҪȥֵأҲ


124 ϵ

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֪Լҹӱ䣬߸ϣһȻַĽӣʵ򣬶ǡԽԽŲֽš
ϵĸˣжϵСˡ


125 ׷ӣ

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ӣʼռǹҪֻȷؼӣȻû¶棬ӣܾЩ֡
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Ȼ˵Ļܲǳģٶӣ˵ŵġ
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˵ӣǺԵĹﲻܹͬǸŮӣܲһڹߡ
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ʱŻţԺŷѵӣȥ


126 һ

һٶʮһ
鵽һ׷û塣
ȻˣҲûҪΪ˽͡
ˣӣ۾ѵ㲻ԼֻƾǸ壬ΪĿĿԲֶεαӡ
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Щ˼Ŀš
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127 ţ

һٶʮ¶ţ
ϴ˵ǣܴƺ嶼ⰸǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ֻǵʱһ˵̼̼ȨûȥưĴ㡣
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ĸӣԽĵ䣬ͻȻ괩Խˣִ׶༪ˡøĸ׷ͺڷˡ
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ֻղ˵Цһһһؼҡʮֲ
·̣ȫ̳Ĭ
ݳķһųĶԼҹӻָյƺ«ܰ͹˵ͣӣǳ˰ǣСյǽһʵ
һ̾
ôͲЩʡʡء
ӣΪʲô
ӣ
ֱ˵ãĨǵĲ۵Ļţ
ԼȻڸԼӣһæ񣬴ޡʹͻȻ١
һҺϸ
Ȼӣһ
һ¶֮ɫΪ֣
С
ӣֱӣȻ󲻶ɫˣС˳ϡ
ջֱۡ
˽һ̫ƽģ
ַ·͵ĿڻΪղһˤһϡˡ
ǲʹ⣬˰뿪ţ
ǡ֮ԽŵΪûɱ㱻ǰס֤ԼףȻҪ뿪
ӣû˵ԼΪ˺ڣԲǧټҸ¡
̫ˣΪƾԼı¿Űס
ڹʵ̫ˡ
ÿţ֮û鷳Ϊ߸ţΪΪܺ˵ϻˡΪ˼ţûΪҲٲڱָָ㡣
ûΪĿɽ㡣
ű˸ߣȥ
Ҳ㱣ȫ档
㼴뿪Ĵ㣬챻Ƶǰʲôģ
ӣĿ⵭ģƽտûʲôͬΪûʲôͬӣŭ⡣ⲻ¶棬ȳ
ԭȻΪ˼
뿪֮⣬˳ˮۡ
Լ뿪ͱƵĲò뿪һ𣿿ȻЩ
ŻɻӣΪβˡ
ӣͦЦģﶯŭ̫á̫Ϊǡ
ûԼдⷬţ㡣Ϊһ뿪Եøһ뿪ŵɡ
ǡƾٰӣֵ̫ˡ
һ뿪ɲһҪȥ
ӣһ仰Ȼһû˵¡
һ·ǳĬţֻηһܵĸоΣգûΪ֡
ڣͣ£һ³Ҫӣ³ӣûнĺ⣬ԼǰԺӡ
ⲻϴǸ
լԺϴǸҪûЩ
絽ǰ˽ӹеĶͻȻظˣƺ棬ûһ˶ӣ࿴һۡǣ
ڸլ
ϴǸլأϴҹ̸αƳɱϷˡ
ԺӲǸСԺȥţŽЩЪǹÿ֮롣һǵһӣֱ¡
ӣȻûʡ
Ըˣɲ̫ӡ
ӣ֪Ϊδˣѵ
ӣţطİ˹
ԺӣԺеľ£ӣֱǸԴڡ
ԺֱӴӣһ԰ӡ԰иɫݾභޡмиܴˮ˵ˮʵóΪС滹һС
См䣬ȻиСԺӡ
汻ˮţӣ룬һҪˣƺǸĵط


128 ʶ

һٶʮ¾ʶ
ȻӣС
һӳ˲תְΪ򣬽ҡֿȣСˮ棬ֱֱжȥ
ԭǸСãϷʱ˴𣬹ˮʾϡҼҹӲŷԽֺرˡСʡ滷ˮɷˣұ֤͵
ԼҹӲ˵Уܲһֱ
ֻзһˡ
Ҳ˳ԼҹӽһҪȥĵط
ӣЩ⣬ɵòͷȥ
ĿǺеСԺӣĿⰵģƺ˼
˭ӣʷһ
һ˿Լҹӣƺû˼ʵص棬һʫȨƹ񡭡һк˰йصˣڡ
Ȼһ˷Խ
δãҪ¶ᣬο⼸طڸΣÿյĵĲ鷹˼ҼҹУһ
Ҳáȷʵǳ֮ء
һݴִһǸŶյ
ֻǸĻ
ȷľţתСķӣ
뿪СʱСͻȻһΣۼֿһץסӣ֣űνˮ
һ¶µ飬
һƺͦӣòʲô¡
ҲСģַһ
һתлӣ
һڰӣϣαˣ´ðӣܾȥˣŷܸȡ֮һͷת
ӣЩĿԼ֡
ղš
һ¡˵һα˴֣˵⣬ӣǾͷ͵һ¡
ܾӣվȣ˿
ôһ˲䣬ӣٰ
ˣԼҪˡôôͷ
ӣЩɵջǸԼ֮֮һ˵滹ˮҪذߣֻһ;
һһڹ֮⡣
ɵһǰһСԺһʱ¶óѵЦ⡣
ҹֵܼ˴ԼķṦΰˡ
СԺ󣬲ĺǸССĺԺƫһӦȫ
Ժܶлء

ˣ
ӵķԸѾźˡ
ͷӣһСš
СһĹխֻһͨСǰ棬ӣں棬ȫ̶û˵
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ƵУӰӺֱѹĺ̡ܶ
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ӣЩ⣬ܿ׹Ҫʲôˡ
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Ȩ
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ӣüʾӣ
Ȩˡ
չĴС㣬ȴ˸¥ˡĵ飬һѪ
ΪԸ糾ûӡܱȶͷͷҪá͵ֻǸ޸֮Ůˣ˻¥ﻹҵ֮
ԵΪΪ¶ٸɸɾɸɾȥ˲˹ģ˶ġ
ӣЩ⣬Ȩͦзȵġ
ʱҲǲṩҾƣҲûԲѷ
ʾӣ̽ȥ
ҶģȨҾͲģȨҡҼҺڡ
˵Լ˶ίԸ㣬һɵСӸǰסأ㲻ıôϢļ޸һˣ֪һΪѰ㣬Щô𣿡
һȢңýƸûлΣһƣȢˣҼ£˶Ҹɫңֿԡ
ҵ䣬Щʵ˱ˡαغһʶֻҪһ㣬㣬Ҿᰤܶ
˵ĶԻƺʶ
ʫĳƺ
ֻǺ֪Ϊμҵ䡭
Щֺ˰ʲôϵ
Σ̧ͷҪģһ̧ΣȢҹšǲϡͿĳףȢҶ㺮ء


129 ڽ

һʮڽ
һǽ֮Ȩʫڸ㼺
ԼĿŵġ͵
ӣСĴ͵ʮ֮ȻһſĵطȻܱµģ
˵κط֪ôģƺܰŴЩӣһģȻҲ
УȨЩ͵ķ
صڣγ¹̫̰ˡ
ȨҵӣȻǲ̰ĵģҪĶ˫͵ǰҼҲʵ֮ңҺһ÷һ𳤴Ҳ缺еñ䡣һҼҼҵ䣬ʱ
ж飬ʱжݡ
һγһڣҵң˵
˵ʧȥˣһӽĴС˸µС
ҵٷ˫޸ĸĹŮЦŸңһȢޣһغٷ𣬰ս
ս
ҵλöҡ
˲ˡ
ǰˣҺһ˵Ҳ˵ĸײġǺЦѵһɣ
һĬ
ӣͷʾٵһᡣ
ȻȨƺЩƣٸղŵĲͷżˡ˵ˡ׷˭˭кãѵʱܵʮ겻ɣȨɡ£ٲˡ
ҲĺݵˣҲº͵һɡ
ӣʫ˵ⷬʱġ
ȰȨҪˮ
ˣ˭ȫأӣһ̾ȻȨܾҲ治ɱˣɱ˺ܶˣ˭ҲȲ
ΪʲôɱˣΪЦΪ˼ɱˣЦ
ȨЦĲѡ
ֱȨֵãʫƵĵҲ֪Ӳ˵Щֻ˵ΪһỤȫЩ꣬Ժ㣬ܳΪڰлҡǰ꣬ЩĻϲġʰˡ⼸꣬ԼˣӲźùЩ
Ҳ¶ˡ
ֻǴǰͻȻҡ˵ԺסżЩµġ
һ˵ȥϾЩҵһЩѱСĹϵ˵ѣ˵ǻΪԼ
ΪʲôɱΣ
ֻһмûңûΡ뷴Ҳͷϱһġһݣɱ˼Ρ
º뵽ұԺΨһĻˡ
ҵõĺôࡣҵ˿ƣԼҲˣųɡֻû뵽ŵĲܣǸӣŮ˿ˣҲûʲôˡ
䵽ⲽأԹˣֻԼ̫̰ġ
ǰǣʡ
ʵ˵ĶԣʮǰܸЩҲ㲻䵽ⲽˡȨһȰȥɡԼԽԽ̶ʵ̫̫ˣһݽѳˣֻԽԽյ𶥡
ӣ뿪
һǽ֮ȨƺѸ˵Ļ˵ˡ
뿪ǰصĸʫ
ʮǰ׮һƣһ
ʫƺˡӣȨ뿪ʫĳ
ӣ߹հ˹գ˸С䣬ΣʾӣЪһЪ
һҲ֪ðģķ˲裬˳
ӣڸղȨʫĶԻСʮǰ׮ŲҰ˵ǼҾɱ˻Ǽ˵ҹΪȥץʱҲˣһһŮټѵʫǸʧŮ
̧Ŀһӣ
ûпڣƺ֪ӣҪʲô
Ȼӣҡҡͷ
ԡʫ˵һ÷Ҳ൱ʫĸֻǸңɲһ÷һ𳤴
ʱ˵ǻ˼ұţȫҲһ⡣
ʵԣǼиŮ˱ʫ
ͷ
ϲӣ˵˵顣
С·һ㱡ĹС
񾲣ʥࡣ
õĴʣϡ
ƾֻƬӣѾ³ʫݡʱ򡣡ʲô㻹뵽ʲô
ƽǰ㷢ʣ·Ƕ֮ʲôҲûз
ɻ硣
Ҳº͵Ļӣ
ӣЩʧ˻ͷֹԼСһһζڻ䣬ڻвҵ֣ʧķҲͲԶˡ
ΪһˣԼɷӡ
οֶûһ¡ôΪһʵ̫


130 ֵ

һʮһֵ
ҹɱˡǸȷʵк֮ģлɳáɱ£šʲôô
ɱˣɱӦֻǼҵķˡΪֻǼҵķ˲ˣܵҡ
Ȼ˼ңȻܽţԼĺӹڡ
֮£һޡ
ҾãӦûϡϵľףҪ㹻棬ĺִ֡Ҫ׮ӣʮǰǼ˱ɱ֮󣬼ȵ˿ʼ
֣Ҳһ֪Щ顣
Ĵ󰸣꾹Ȼ鲻ҲֲһˡǼұźҲȵ߲һˡһȺˡֻܽΪʲôô£ȴ鲻κֻһ͡һڡ
һҪ飬һЩ˵ߡʮˡٽʵͬˣҲˡ
Ĳ
Ϊţѵʮ꣬Ƿʳ壬ٶ⡣ģ˵̰޾ġղʫ˵ʱºЩôọ̈̄Ҳֻ᲻ͬӱˣΪǸº͵Ĺίȫעע·
ӣ˵Щҡ
֪ܲ⡣
ϵ£Щȫ޼Ѱ֪󣬷ãҳ
ɱ޷һΪ飬ΪΪ
ﲻִŮ֮˵Ǵˡ
ǸЦ
ȢǸĸ֮ý֮ԣȢ˸ԼϲңԶɼòҡ
ŵĴ
ڳɱҪ
˽˶Թʵںŵġӣ룬ǶΪˡ
ֻˣЩϵĲŻġ
û֤ݵʱųҲʧΪһ÷ӣųܵģʣһ췽ҹ̷Ҳ˿ܡ
ˡһҪⷽġ
Ҳֻ˵˵ɱǳɱءʱ̫ˣƵʮһ
˵ĺܺáꡭҲĵʱľڣƺмҳ˵϶ǰû˿쳣֮һġ
أȥ˭ıڽǣһ𣿡
ôԾԾԵôǶ
ӣƵĿУǿͷЩڴӣڽˡ
СηƺͬӣвѣҲ֪Сô޵ġ
СԺ󣬷Ҳࡣ
ǾȻ߳ʮЧӣʵߡ
ܿ죬һ
һǽ֮
ֻűƿһӰƺƽСͷҼݡǼһ档ʲôͿ˵ʱ䲻ࡣ
£۵һţһ죬ƺ˵
κ
˿ˡʲôؼȥ
Ȼȿ˿ڣӣЩ⣬ӣǿˡ뿪ڣǴĹͷʹгڡ
ӣûڹ棬֪ڵ£ɵӲŻ
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֡
Һ֣˭֡Ϊʲô뿪ҳӡ磬˵߾ߣһϢҲûС˶㣬˵㡭˵ηǱӡҲţؼңؼҵһ޹ء磬˵Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô뿪ң
ΪʲôΪʲôҪɱˣ
ʻ˱һһˡ
Ȼ硣
ֵܲȨ?
ϵеҡЩ޹أԹԻؼңٺˡ
磬Ұɡ㲻࣬ҾͲؼҡ
治ˣƺܵûӣֵܶ˳Ĭţӣһۣĵֵܶ˲ὫĬеװɡ
ǣᡣ
ԹˣҲˣȻںһ
£ʵ֪ҲࡣҹˡѺұؼҴܣˡүұϣг̽
ܣ
ҲòܡҲүˣȷʵҵĽ¡ˡǽˣ˿ںҵĳҲʮǺϡҲԼôı£˳ƣɱʮˡ
˿ˣҿһӰӡ֪ġ£û˻ҡűָ֤ձ̳Ըһùˡ
ʮǰŶʮ壿ʮ磬㡣һǱݺˡ
һЩעᷢġҵɱûɱˣɱ˼ҹ£ҶѲϵҳؼңŴүĽұȫҲͲ
ӦѰؼҵŮ?
Щ꣬Ҳչмӡ


131 ˵

һʮ˵
ͻȻʫкðζǼžġ
֪˶ãһЩɳƵ˵
һҡ
Բ㣬ȻҼ㡣
磬ô˵Ҷ𡣵ң˵ĸ۸ҲšҿĸȻЩȴǸĸô۸һС֪û˵ѡ
Щ꣬ĸǧټƱȢޣҶûеͷһΣ˵˵࣬˵ԲȢعŵġȢΪޣΪ檣ҲС˵عһѾ御ȢΪޣһҪͷˡ磬ĸΪʲôô˵
ӣֲһеĸ׺ʲôϵ
Ȩֵܡ
ͬĸͬĸ츸
һȥˣʫǸԺĻ缺ǸСˡ
˫Ƭ̣һƺˡ
磬ˡ
ϢӣٴλصղǸŵСӡ
һĸ˻²衣
ӣƺЩ겻ᡣʵе벻ͨһʫʱôʹӡ
˵ʱӣȻҲһᡣ
ܶ飬ȻһԵĳ
ʵҲˡ
ִִˣ˱ײʱƺ궼ѵʹ⡣
Ҳˡ

ӣʱԸĵĸȥġ
Ҫ뿪ȥϺӴԼСӣԿʲˡǸʱǺ֣أģǴʱƲס롭δ꣬Ҳ
˴Ӵ˺гʧ
ۣ۵ĸоļּΪһԣӣ»һţȻ˫ֺݺݵסԼࡣ
ǿţ
ɫ΢΢üϴֲεĹС
ӣôˣǲʹ硭
Գ磬Ѫģ¡ΪȨ׷¡ûڴҲǳµ⡣
Ǹαӡǿۡ
ӣӣôҲļЩɫִʮĴȾﱻѬųʲôûǸɫĻУѵûбǰӢ
Ϊʲô
ȻʱԣʱԵˣɾ͵ҲһԵοҲǶԵˡ
ǵᶨ
ĻΡûһ
ǲֵ֪ټǲΪҸѵʱԷסɱЩ޹Ĺǲǣ
ɫ΢䣬һ˫۾ӣ
ƺӣʳЩ⣬ɸģƺǡʧ
ԳĹ˹ǣǹȻ飬ӣ벻һջظղŵ⡣
գĬţĬŵȴĻش
ӣУǸʲôˣ
ǸǸˡ
ȻЩ䣬ȴǸؿ㣬ϵյĺˡӣشίʵ̫ЩƺЦЦ˰ʲôкˣΪһˣЩȴʱҧǺˣ
ֻ򡭡
¶Щ棬һ򾡡ǴԶʧ֮ٲҧ֮ࡣһҪѡһĸǺˣ
ӣһʱ֪ѡ
ӣҼݣȻΡ£޹ֻġܽܡҲǿ㡣
ԻϺӴ壬ٻңԼ޸ľֻѡעⱲҲ߲ССĸˡ𣿸磬ĸ𣿡
ġ
ĻϺӴ壬ҲٻҡΪ˱޸ľˡ
룬ϺӴֻʱݷһ죬ǻ뿪ġ
ϺܶûжԴҲûкöǧ棬Ҳǧ档ǺǻֻǸ˵СһԽ֡һȥţʱ˰飬һһһʮ˵
죬ұҪ뿪ˡӣԵԼ
ӣһʱ顣
ղĻඥȻ֮С
ûֱӷϣֱҡͷӣʧ
ȻֱӻشûΣҲûͼܡôһ̣ӣ롭һΪʲôˡ
ЩˣȴԶˡٳʱ䣬ҲԶͣļС
ֻҪԼò˼ԭ
ڽǣȻһ֪⣬ӣǹŭѾϨˡؼҵ·ϣǻܾ˰ļ䣬ӣʾⰸȻˣױץϸ˷롣


132 ı

һʮ¸ı
˭ǣߣ˭ɱϷġ
Ļֵ˭
Щ˲ˣΪʲôúõӲҪǮֱԱ˳ŵġ
棬һֵܼĶԻӣǸɱ֮ˣЩ޹Ĺôµ˺֣
ֻṴ˹ǣӣٰꡣ
һжס
ӣסСԺ⣬³ȻԷӣӣ̧Ŀ㿴ſǽߣ俴
һĿƺ˳
ţֻӣúЪϢټ
ӣصĵͷƺЦЦȻת
ӣ
ʲô
ûʲôֻǴȥ˼ˣǹڰӵġӣҲ֪ԼΪʲôͣǲϣɡ
ʱ䲻ˣȥʰװɡ㶯ѾȥҹСˣϺӴҸԺסȰ
ô죿ӣЩ⡣ô˵ģʱҪڣӣʵЩû
ҪϺӴĸĻϺӴ
뿪˵ףһϺӴţҪ뿪̸ף
ĵ̣ȻҪ뿪ȻÿЩƺûӣĻԹԵ˵ţȲߡӣ˵˳
ſ۾գҲգĿ
ȻͻȻЦˡ
Ҿ֪һȥһзı⡣ֻǡӣҪҪҵġ
ƺ˵̫¶ǡ
ӣôأ
ȰȰҪִԲӣ룬ѵԼ˼¶ǰôžȻҲ˼ֶߡ
Ծ˼صĺء
ȴԭڶ塣
ˣһڷ񲵽ĵزֻЩġٴλصϺӴ壬ıָָ㣬ЮԱҼ޸Сš
ңһġ
ϢŭľȻҡеšһ޶ϵҪôӦѵװΪڱ˿౨Ҳ֮СĲһһССϺӴ塣
ӣȻ˵
ųĬˡ
˵ңӣһӡ
Լγǡ
ѵһӣ߲ɣܡԸġ
¡ǰ·գӣһ
ʱӣҪԴһСϺӴ壿Ļȸ߸
ӣղѾ˵ִ֪磬
ǲǣ
Իеʱû֡Ϊӣһϯ׳Ĭ֮󣬱ҲûȰӣϺӴˡ
ȳӣȻǸ˵ġ
סСԺӣ˭éݡ
Թͷ׷˭ԸȥԱҰˡ
ǺǻֱͼӰ̸գǸǻϲǳ
ӣҪߣȻţԼֳһͬ⡣
ӣ뿪㲻ͬˡֳһԸ
͵ڸӣ
̸հϲģСԺĻʳһΡֱԵȳӺо
ӣҪߣҲš
ǲٳ԰ʳ
ȳӪȳӾʰ㵱ˮ
ȻСͽܡ
ԺмסȻû˺ӣǶڽȥѾ˾
죬ӣƿű㿴Ժ
ӣսʡһȥ
ӣͷи书ǿĸȻϲּġԹ緹ӣ̸գ˽ӣͳš
˵Ļ֡
ûӣѾʰװˡ
ԭ˻Щ̸պʱҵǸзһĻ绤˵Ѿ̫ƽ˸СԺСԺﻹҪЩֻȥ
㲻˽Щ֣
ҡͷ
رġ顣Ȼǳţ̫ϡˡ
Ϊ˰Ҫ׽᰸ˣԺûҶ˰ɡźߵıʵҲֻͦʩչĻ᲻ࡣ
ͷ͵͵İʰ
ŵʱӣһβ͡ϱʮ־ʡ
װ֪
ôʱ䣬Ҫ᰸ˡʱһ·ĺܼѡգڡ
ҾĻ᲻࣬ҪĹ͡
ǵǾʶ޵а࿴˳ִۣӲԷ̨桮ɱమӣп
ȻΪɱమ
ɱ
ڡûɱ֮֮飬һɱ
ڼİǼ˹ˡôϧɡ


133 

һʮ½
ȻϲҲĨ
ʮֲϲӣռôصķһ·һǼɫҲûŰڳƬ̺
鲻
ˣµļν
²þټˣҲһΪԼҴ֤жĳ·
ѵûǺȻԹԵͷʾԼ㽫뵱ͷҲðȫˡ
ѹ־ҡ
õͷ統
ӣڹ϶ôͷֱ塭
˿ӣĿ⣬ž塣ѹӾԼͻȻ俪ˡֻǲ¹ãӣ㡮ϴ֡ƫƫԼӻͷΪ㣬ѹֿʼһֵƢ
֮ȻЩɹܵ˵ͦõģ˼˸ϰ
ͷȻ벻ӣϾʵʰ
ӣЦʮֲá
էŵмֲ֪ν
ôˣˣ
ӣЦҡͷʹ
ʲôʹȻ֪ԼԵ̫֪װ˵ĵͷʾŻؼҺú
ӣǿЦ⣬ӣԼˡ
˿˲̡챻ס˽ţûšģѹΪЩĴҵģΪ֪¶˺β͡
Ǹ򣬿ǰˡˣѾˣ˵ЩҪ˵ǹڰģǿȥþõȡԭЩġ
ôؼʱ̣Ȼû¶档
ǵʮֵ
Լǰ
Ҫ֪Ҳʱˣٳ̫ƽϽ¾Ψһۼµ
ЩԹ͵üٱȻԵ޹ؽҪˡ
·ӣլ
޳û磬ҪӣҲǸ˽аɡ
Ϊ˵˼ˣҪ̫ƽˡ
ƽ̫ƽһյг̡
Ϊ˰ѾЩʱգҲʱƽˡ
˺լÿ͵ѷˣӣ֪վȻ˽硣ӣЩ⣬ϾֻһŮ͡
ûϵѷǸġ
ӣԼߣȻ󵥶Сϯ档
ӣȻӣ֣˵ŸʱĻ⡣
ѷ˿ӣĹңӣٻӦ䣬ӣͣżˣ֮ӣһѷǾŹʮĻ⡣
һпͣбӣѷˡ
м˵ɴ硣
˵Ļ඼
ʱţԼŮ˺ôǿ˵Ļ˵ЩҲ޷ٲڣӣǱҪˣƺԼϱֶϱҵĹ̼ҶҵӼҵСӡ
֮˸Ӵŵݹϵͷʹѡ
ۿɫɰ࣬෺ףһ顣
ôһ硣
˵ӣѾͷǸŮƺĵء
ǿӣûŮ⡭ĳҪӣҲǼ¡ƫԼŮǸĳһӣҸ˼ұʳʵģ
ҿҲԵĲˣҪƵƫ𻰰ɡ
ѷ˿Լǰδϯ棬뿪ڣӣЦ
ӣ˵лˣѾԱˡ
Աѷһͷˮƺӣûء
ǱߵƼƫ
ѷһ̾˷ѣһӣѷǰ·ѹѾһŴЦǰ
еĽĸװϯλϣĸ׼ԣ˷ˡ
Ȼ󹧾ʾӣɷ·
ͻȻùѹӣӣһ߾ϡһߵͷ
Ȼ󡭡֪ԭˡ
ƫ·ʮѹΪܰԼѾ˰ٰʮθ塣
õͷǸֻǰ;
תе˵ʬʱѪЩܴʬҵ֤ݣԩĹ¡
õ׷
֮ôӣ·Ҫӣ¡
ӣʦ
广ͷǰʦϣͽһݡ˵꣬ӣͷȻɷ˵Ҫӣ汻ѹɿҰͷסˡ
һ̣ӣӱ͵һƲסһת
֣ԼŻڻѹӶè˲ȫޡ


134 ĩӣ

һʮĩӣ
֡
һϼһеģǰʮֵʶʱ
ѹ¶֮ɫԹԵļβ͡
ӣʵڲ֪ԼôѹӵۣǵʼѹӿĿʮֲмġ
ǸСӣһѵ
ӣСɷףΪŵˡСӲױҪذʦ˭Ҳһû¡ֻû뵽û뵽̶գ并Ĺ۸оȻѾӲмˣ˵ʵͦгɾ͸еģֻС̫ûġ
Сʵеһû£ңҲٳˡ
ããĲáҲ෴һͦѹӵġǸֱӡ
ЩһѾ
˵ʵ幺ӣվһʵڲ˵˭ӡ
һС˵һʮ߰СΪӣʵں֪ԼӣУʲô
ǲǸѧС
߰ɡʱ䲻ˡЩʱ򻹵ö
ӣͻȻ;ȫûǰһ̣Ϊһƴڻ鲻ء
ͷĬĬĸ
صѡúլĻ
ϯ˲࣬ӣͷֿСź飬ӣŵš
ƺϲΧԼѡ˸߽λá
ҲȥģҲ֪ʲô·˵ᣬǡ
˵ˣɤӡ
λе˵һ˵˰չ˰㳹׽᰸ˡԺ˭Ҳˡ
ƽնСʱǸУȰȰǱţ߸һҲŶˡ
˰˵ΪУֵİӡ
ķԡ
˲ɵõͷǼֿСţֱǵͷ絷⡣һͷˮġȻֲͷѶǸǸӲͷӴҲû˵һ֡
Ŀڣֿʮ
ڿӣ۹ⶼЩͬˡ
͸ŹɳݣٲƳʱӣʱһ
Сľ񼸺ֱӣˡǸСƺһ
ӣӵʱӣҲֻǸݹĹŮԼĸȢӣʱСﻹЩίء
ӣѾĴڡ
һ˿룬ҪС±˶Ϥ
ܣ˶
εģ۵ģоηģΨӣĿ⡭ƽ򶨣ƺż롣
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ԽĻʮֵԼࡣ
ʮǰһ׮ѪʮδơɱǼءʫǼΨһӳŮʱͲͷΪ˺顣
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ҽһм˺¥ƹǢƹ֪ʲôӪģ˵ԼڹǼٻ
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֮ҪӣԤһգǳִıʣ¿Ա̫ƽ˳뾩ҲλʵЩЩһ١Ҹ߸λ
ǰӱҳһգĳ˱ʣЩŷضңһң̫ƽᶯƽҪ뿪ȷʵס
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ǵɱϷܼ򵥡
˺ıһӡ水ѡĿꡣͨ£ЩͷĹŮũŮʮǸСұ񡣡
˵ĿͻȻӣ
ӣȻͻȻӦ
ԭȻֵǮǵ
ȻͦˣҲΪֻǹŮֵʱŻд⣬Ҳżһôһ룬ĩƺҲ
Ǹӣÿһһĸšѡˣǽ˽ٵƫƧ֮أսý̴šջռѪҺûȥʾѴɡ


135 ʮ걨

һʮʮ걨
ûϸ˵ֻｫ˶úëֱ
ƢֱģѹӺͼֿѾƲסˡ̫ȱˣܼôңҲƴǼֲͷ
ǣѡңҲǺùģռˡӡ
ͬ飬Ħȭƺ޲óȥЩ˴ս˰ٻغϡ
ӣͷ˵ЩѾµˡ
޼ǸȨ֮ˡû˵˭ӣԼܲµ
ڹϲһ˵˵ˡ
Щ￴ЩΪʵĸ̼УǹףȨıλϣھ֮ʱл֣һ壬޹ߵΪЩ˽סǱסЩȨ󱻶ס󣬱ʧȥɡ
һʶѾˡ
ֻ
֮ǻ÷Ѿû·ñ䱾
ɱ޹ĹѪԽԽձľ֮
뵽ӣͻȻһ
桭¶űܡǲΪ֮
֮Ա¶Ϊ¥֮Էһ㣬ΪӲ͵¥Ժ˷
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汳ˡ
ʶ㣬ӣͻȻ̧ͷʱҲڿ˵Ŀڿ΢΢һҡҡͷʾӣҪڡ
ӣһ
ѹԼĳ嶯һһģûоͷ㡣
¥ˣ汳Ҳˡ
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ģӣ࡭һ׷ƽġ
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˭Ӯ˭䣬¶ܱȫԼ
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Ψһļǹҡˡ
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СɷףΪԼղֹӣ˵ӣģġ
֪ӣҪ˵ʲôԼܲµһǺ˰йصġ
˵İ飬ȻȫġЩ飬ܱ֪
ӣɫԣ˽ۡ
˰˽һ永ԱѺס̫ƽƽ´á
Щߡ
⣬ӡ
Ӳȣ㴦á
ȷЩϡɱӦֻǷǳʱڡȫصȾжң̫ƽҪˡ
Щģһ벻ģҲɴᴦáǼȫ̲ıɱ⡣
ѪȵͬˣȻͬˡ
һҲǴݿġ
һ˵һ˿ڣһҧڮ٣ڱȫԼ
ǲԱɸѡҳ࣬Щ˰۴
ǴҶף¡ǳƤֱֹֽס𣬱ǲ˵ЩҲ⡭֪ĭӱǡǵĶŮӽԺ󣬱Ҫ˴żǳ󡣶ȢϱҲ޸˼ҡ
Կηĵ¹ܳǡҲա
곤ģɶʱ򶼵ùҹӣһһصĿڡ
ӣ룬λ꣬ҲʵѧġֻǶʱֻ۾ֻ۾ҲֻܳþñȫԼɡ


136 һ

һʮһ
ҶֻͷӣܲܰЩֶΣЩѹЩƽ뵽ЩĹ޲ϴ󵶰Щһ˶ˡ
Լͷ˵Ҳû
һӴôˡ
ҡ
ҲǸµˣϣıǸ̫ƽءȻȻòƽģҲֻ֪þ
ɵСӣΪҲ롣о׻ӱʮ겻Ϊܵʮһǡ¿УΪĸΪҲȥΪһֱ⸧λãһֱ
ѹǸ׸жӡ
ʱԼҸ׸жˡ
ģԺͷˡ꣬ǺôܵЩô
ԼͷΪˣ·ҲҲڶˡ
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ȴͻȻ
ʾ
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˵ĿһӼӣϡŵĿӣֱֱ
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ŻջĿ⡣
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أһɡӣû룬ֻǾ÷˳·һҲ
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ӣȻǲġ
ǰԣǰ˵ȴҪ˼
ȣԼȥһ߰ɡ
һ߸߻ޡ
ˡ
Уü˵ɣղҪ˵ʲô
ֻͻȻ뵽ǲǹ¶ţץ?
ôô룿ʡֻǾôʱ䡭ôǶ֣ȴ˿ûз֡һˣץһ¶š¥ϵʵ¥һҪͷԺ
ץҹӣôץ
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ӣʮͷ۵˵ţƺô˵δ֮ԡ
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ǾԼƺǱǣűߡ
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ӣҸղ˵ˣ˰Ϊֹ
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飬ƺǸһѰӷײƵġ
ЦˡȷʵôΪġ
ֲɵӡˮĵ׼ֵġǣѾˣѾôˡ£Ȼ£ȻƣȨҲѴ̡ʱǻӣҲù
ͻȻһ
ӣԼ˼Уδ֡
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ǰһŹ֣һüͷһüۼǹɵ֮ɫЩ
ӣΪԼ⣬ǰŤûһֱ۾Ȼûѵõ¶
㵣ң
ǣҵ㣬ܵġ˵úõҹӣʲôҪѧ˼׷ڼʵ˲𣿲˭Ȩ¡ڵãӵұۡΪ㣬ܳԸá
˵Դ˷أٳµĹԱȥҲӲ¶档ô͵µģȻΪһ·ӣҲѹ׷Чˡ
٣١һ鵹ùô͡ôû°˵ӣɵô˼СŮˣζ
ʮ֮á
ӣǰ̫ˡŶԡС͸иСӡ
ӣġѵ⡯ǵǺһֱۣĿ


137 µĿʼ

һʮµĿʼ
ģҲµġ
λ£Ҳ˵Լ¡ôôʴʡҰǣжֲǲ֪ôɵ㶵һҪֵ½֪ѵҾǸɵӣ
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ȻɵӣĺܡԻӣװɷʰ׵
ӣ̾Լǰֱûܡ
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ҲŮӣһ룬ʫϣټһ𣿡
ӣ˼Ƭ̺ҡͷ
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ȨͻΪ˰棬Ȼʫй뾡취һȨʫ
һ档磬ƻ
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ʵҲ¡
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СһζţǼ⣬ִⲻ뿪
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ӱʮ겻
ʮꣿʮ꣬꣬꣬ὫЩǱ̫ƽĶһ
˰սᣬǿʼһȫó̵Ŀʼ


138 Լ

һʮԼ
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γ֪ԼΪԲסգԲסЩ޹Ĺ
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ͷãʱڣֻůģ޶
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դȥ;
Ķж̷ԸϳķһȲӣСԺˣȥ⡭һ߸ޣһ˻ɣ˲١
еӣһŹһһ̣
ӣ˼ֱӣ޺޵Ŀһ֮ķһ
һǹġ
һǲǹģ
Ȼǵġ࣬ô׬ģͨͨӣйء
һԼҹӵˣֻҪʧ롯ͶͱĴ£ԼҹӶǸ˵ġȻ˵Ҳģǻظһ͡
ΪӡΪԼҹӲع¼ҹһӣһԼ尡
ǣˡ
ǣӣԽ
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գƺҲЩ˼һֱӣҲ֪ĸһеģƵӣֱߡ
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Ҳ
ζҷԸг׼ġ
縮гô֪ҵϲãӣѲãʳУȻϲġ
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µİɡԡ
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ȥһһȥɣʲôʱ·ʱԡ
ԣеӣģ˲˾
Ȼϲּǹ̡̾ʵһѾ
һհͣڳһСӱߣСƺϺӴӣֻ֪úˮ͸һȺȺС㣬СˮݼϷţ׷ţˮϸ֮£мִС̵ζ
΢˺ӱߵĴڣȵŮ
ԶͯǣţԶȥԶԶƮ⣬磬ӣɵһʪĿȻЦת
ﾹȻôҪȻⱲӶ֪ԽǼ򵥵ľ£ȴױȵ
еͷӣȻ˳ǹˣȴױȵǿɡȵ̫ƽȥƽ԰һ˼ʢ
˵ƽ԰ҲŪġֻҪӣŪﲻͬȻɣδΣ棬ܿɹ󡣡
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ĵȻ̫ƽ˰帮԰Ӳˡ
ƺҲãӣһ˵˲ƣȴֱĴݲСԼһҪϸˡ
ôһ룬ɵ︹̣ӣʵżѧѧʱµĹĽЩ֮ģҲʱǡ
ʵҲͦȥ԰ġɲЦûӡ
ӦѸ١
Ҳûϸһȥ
ӣ˵ĵͷ
ԶԶķһĶ䲶׽ֻƬ
һźʱ
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ᡣһȥ
˼ͦҪ£ʵҲˣǹûȥٸãʱԸҸȥġҲ֪ţܲҹƽɡԣҾûȥҲû׷磬ǲǲСİ¸ˡ


139 ٷ

һʮ²ٷ
ӣӻ䣬һƬƲʵ뿪ѹûȥ͡
ֻԼˡ
ѹû뵽Լı⣬Ͷ°Ǻãûȥأȥӵˡӣܾɥ
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ûӣޱ߷Ĺ
µļν˵ͬͣɶӣ˵ȴǻ㡣
ᣬûôС
ҲǶȵ˰ڹϣȻһ仰Ҳû˵ģˡҿǰͷġոңҲΪˡ˵ӣͬ
ŪЦá
ְʯͷԼŵĸо
ӣﻰⶼƽǡ
һԣҪʮԲ
лôҡ´Ĳ
ӣֻµң԰µĻҲ˵
㾡ܷģ̫ƽ㲻Ըסס桭мԺӣѡһ
ӣæ֡һԼȥԺӰɡռı˲á㶼ˣǿҲԼˡԼ˻ʲôռ˲ռˡ̫ƽƽڣԺӴ˵ʮ⡭ɣƺ˼ѻ˵̫
ӣимӡ
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Сʳгģֵ֮ܽ䲢޶飬ϣɴδ̹֡ʢ˵ӣΪһоա
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ţֻҪϲӣӣ;ȥĻᡣ
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Եķֱ֮ʱŷȻ
ڿԶδĵΪδʱ䡣
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λ￪ʥϡ
ԶЩǰȤȻԴ˲¶Ⱦж
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ʵǻʵۼӣֻλССͱԼķء
⼸˴ӣԼķأǼһֱǡ
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֮ģҲ㡣
ҡͷ
һҪߵġ
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ӣһ
Ҫӣ¶ߣŬ
˾Ҳǻ˸ɸꡣʱˣкһݳسǡ
ӣ;˵ЦġһһԴ磬ΪһԼ龫ǡ
Ϊ㹫⣬Ρʧ֡ӣòԼҹͶͱ
ļֱܼԼҹӶ

¹Ըպ뾩ʱܸߡһǰ˽Ŀ꣬ǱʹӣܸԼҹߣ粽롣


140 

һʮһ
һĻǲǱܹǳǳЦˡ
ռһ·Լҹһߵڵġ˿֮ӡ
ʵеĿֻЩߵ˲
˲¼ɣݣżɣĸһ涼졣
Ϊ躹ޣò뾩
뵽ЩٿʱԼҹϵЦ⣬һȻδ޹ӣһ䣬ӣʮָмԼҹʰЦյĹһǸù
ΪĻȻûзԸҲһ񱣻Լҹǰ㱣ӣġ
ӣ֪ԼѾȡˡ߼ջɶˡԼˡ
Ǽ˲¡
һ̫ƽˮȡӱҪʼˡ
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һĺһҲ
ڵǷһģǱˡ
Ĳϲӣڣڸſһʱٹװһʱ㵽ԺӹģɷݳȻЩݳıҲǼõġ
ȵ̫ƽʱסڿԺҼҹѾǰȥԺʰﻹʲôܷԸһһǹӵĻӴ˺ҲǹĻˡ
һһź˵һϥĻ
ӣһʱЩܳҡҡͷʾԼûʲôҪԸġ
Ѿܺˡл
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װǻƣһһǷҲġ
ҪȻһҲһ֮á
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ʾһᡣ
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ԼҹӿڳءŹӵ棬ıҶӣ֣ʵڵ졣
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һڳʽӣһ˦
ӣͷתı˦ϰ֮ˣεӣСϣʵǡӣЩɲסۿͷԵıҪײǽ
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ģʲôϵҺӣסһôٲŻһһˡ㣬ղӣкξģ
ʲô˼Ҳ޹ءԭΪڰӣߣܱһƺҸ߿㡣Ȼˡұ氢ӣɡ֮Źţ··Ӵ˺һɢ
мѪ⡣
ɱ⼸Ρɱʵʣӣڻӣ·ж̵ϣ΢΢ʹ⡣
ö˶˵ģôһҪƴļʽ
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Ⱥȳţת˵
ӣıС»ˣҲûʲôŲһʱ鼱ӣҲˣղŷһǹ̼š
˱ͲǸƢģټϷһΪ֮ȻƲסƢ¾ͷЩ
Ҳû˵Ȼӣ˵ɵ÷ŵȡ
űһӻۼӣϥʱðһɡӣһȥҺбҪ㡣
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һƷһӣԼ
ȻźٴŭĿӡ
ͬһ۴ŭ⣬ϸ֮ȴ΢΢Ц
ǳǳЦ⣬·ǵս飬ż˲䱬һ


141 ʮ

һʮºʮ
ӣһֱͦôΪһŮ˴ܣǴӮΣѵ˭Ӯ˭ܷĲɣŮĺ룬ϲ˭˭ʵûʲôɺѭΪһŮ˴£ӣ˷ʱ˷Ѿǹ򣬲࿴飬ѧɡ
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ϴӣ᲻ܲ˵ĳǰȥԼӣʹס֡
Σӣһɺ̧ɨɨˣ첻ܲ˵תԺӡ
ʵǷһģȻҲԵ޹ѰơȫԼҹӵ¡
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˼ҹֻһۣתԺӡ
˳㻹Ժ۵һˡ
ѷ˻һۣ˫˫˺
ξˣ´ٸ˵ӣһÿ
Ȼźݻ
⻰ư˵Ǹ꺢ӡ
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һվűߣԼҹӵսʵڡ̾Ϊֹ
˵õĿѤקԵء
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ӣüѵ
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
ӣʵڲ϶ѴࡣԸҲ죬ִԣϲ
ξȻûĶ֣ӣЩ⡣
Ҳġ
ӣͷ㻹˵
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ӣæתߣͭԼ
ŬԼɫԣȿԼһңȲ
ֱһҾ硣
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ѾҺܺˣѾΪˡ
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ӣ˳ָֻССľǰȻվˣһſ
̸ֱգȳӺǱ˶˿ӣǣӣ
лŹ
ӣһͷˮתԺӡǲȵ̫ƽٸŮ
ƺͦ졣
Ȼ£ڶӣ
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ӣĿࡣ
ӣ
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˵ǻǮӣҲҪȳİһ죬ȳӼֱһǴο죬ʱ࣬ʱ١
̸ջ顣
һңŪСڼʲô°
磬⡭ҳӰ˵棬ֱܲӾܾ
ӣ˸Ǯǰǧ򲻸ӡ


142 һϷ

һʮºһϷ
ȻĻشʮ㣺ǵ縮ֻʹ
ⲻװɡܲһֱռıˡ
һˣؽ黳ӻ֣ʾԼãطֵ̫
ӣֱǰʯͷԼĽţ˵ֱ׸硣ȻԼô
ˣôˣʰװʱ̡˵߸˵ӣϵӣõıǲš
̫ƽ绹иľϲ㡣
ͻȻӣһӴѾͷΪһӣѾþϲˡǸľϲӣҡͷֻǿӣЦЦӣһš
ӣ˱۾ĬȻռɫɫǿգ۾ӭĿ⡣
ãҵľϲ
⻰һ˵ġ
ӣռˡ
ǰӣԼЩԲţһֱӣݸ
ʼգʾԽ
ֻǸղŲСһ£һúˣЩʧ˷ִ硣
Ȼ˵˰ʱĻҲûһǷͬ顣
ԼһȥϺӴӵġ
ȥ̫ƽ
ӣÿŵķţ⻹ӣһνŵӡ
ǵӲͬȻ˵϶ܰǽӣּҵζ
ŵӣӣȴܲ˿ҵů⡣
ӾŸ˵ĸоġ
ڲֻ̧۵Ƴһӣֵͷų
ܲĸоҲѹ˵á
ģ˳˵ԲʧԼˡ
뵽㲻£㲻ʧԼӣ˵ٻϺӴ壬ʵһ̿ʼѾ֪ӣľˡ
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Žʣ۾ֱֱӣҲ˵ȥҸȥҪȥ̫ƽ򣿻򣿡
ȥ̫ƽ
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Ż˦ȥӣƺ˶ʰװһߵġȴû˸
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߰ҵڵˡ
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źһɫէȥûʲôͬӣЩɻ֪ǲԼ̫УôͻȻùС硭
˵ܹ׼
ӣһһ̸һ˸š
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Ŷһۣһ࿴Է˳ۡ
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һһӱޣ̡
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ڸŽ֮ʣӰȺܳ˳š
ӣΪһжҪһˣֲͷѹӣСš
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ӵġôڵ磬Щûϡ
ִ磬ѴǰԸˡóڳࡣСţ
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ǣ
ӣڳ򳵶һ̣¶ѹų
ҼͷҸ㡭ҲãҲգѧһı£Ҿظ
ҡҲѧ¡ҲͷɡҲȥ
ѾͷԺִҪˡɵðִ簡վ˽ŸɩӺֶŮء
ɹӣͷˡ
үȻλӣʡ


143 

һʮ¼
Щ˻ȴ·ˣЩȴԶš
ˮϣȪ˰ԩչֱۺšˡ
⡶ʮ°
һӶ˼ˣСţֿѹӶ첻ŵģһ·ж֣һ˲ʱ㱻ͻȻ顮ˡ
СŲһ·ǿѹ
׷ӣСһɾЩˤ
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Сſλ湫ӣһЩˤʱҪҰס
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СźǿͬеĹʶ
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ѹӺͼֿһҰףѾ˼ʱˣһۡ
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ƽʱЦЦҲǿѡ
Ǵʱ
ֿҡҡͷʾԼŲȥùͷҲ֪˭ǵˡôôѿ
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144 

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˵ʲô˵ҵ磬ԴӼ㣬ֻһ꣬ˡұֻǸĴС𣿡


150 

һʮһ
ΣѵԼ֪αңһ
һɲǸЩ
ʫֱ
ԼҹǺεȷˣܿʫôŮˡ
ҵǱȦԼұűǣοųˡ
ֿ˰ɡ
ƺ⡣һʫƺԼҹӡǳ룬ҲͭԼŮʲôӡ
浱ǵ˰ôûӣŮˡƽı
˵ΣŅ̀ҡ
߰ɡ¶֣̫ѿˡ
һȻ˵Ų֣㻹ּۿĳ֡ʫźһ㣬ʫŻ¡
һСϼһǲҶʫŶɾͲˡ
ӰŵĻ
ղűСϼͷһͨҵ˻ᡣ
һһҳСϼˣֻ
ʫţһǾԼֵġӰ԰ʹӣ³ļʫšҡڵǰ棬ȥҴ
뿴ǶԸӵĻϻʲô顣
ʫţɵÿЦ
ĵ飬Ƿˡ
ӣܴ֮һֱûݣεĶôãӣѹ뵽м١
񡭡
ԼУǸѻƪ֮ˡ
̾һӰ԰
Ϊӣʰװ뿪ƽѾ˵׼ǽӣȴӣһ򶨵ĺȲ衣
ҲûӣϿŭ
֡
ȻԸһԵĶϲ衣
սսĵͷ
ֻվԼҹӵĿ⻹ûѾŵ˫ȴˡ򶨵ģɲ١
жӣֱ
ûˣ¶ɫ
ӣӣ
һʱЩ֪ôƺˡǻӣ磬ǵ£
շҶ硣
ӣҹ֪ͬˣһҲ޷֪֪ˣٽ硣евˡȻ̫ݣҲշһȡվǻӣ㸸ǻʵۡǻǵעЩСı鷳
˵Լ鷳
ֻҪӣģ鷳Ҳ֮ݡ
ӣѹᡣ͸֪ӣϡ
ģɡ
˽ǻѡϣǻӣǸŮ̫⡭ʵ֪Ҳãܻ֪ģҲûһӰɡֻǴСе֪ȷʵЩ̫
²صģҲǲ֪صˡҼȻӦһȥ㲻ʧԡڵµݣҲ͸¶֪ˣԼѰȥϣ²Ҫ
ǡ
Ҫֵ
Ȼܽܡ
ӣӣĿƽ޲
ոǻŭ⣬ͻȻˡʲôɺӣ
ȣӣദ̹ġδһ
ӣ粻á
ӣʵѾˡҲûﲻá治ãܸϲЩΪһ㡣
Ҳ¡
ոջһ·ϸˡ
ҹʱݸѾرˣΪӣݸʲġ
ӣҲ˶ۡ
Ҳ˱󸹷롣
ȻΪ⣬Ҳ֪Щ˵Ҳȫ޵ãҪףҲҪȹǹأｲŵԡ
ɾԲ˵檡
ȥ
Щ£ҲΪ
һ˺һŮˡսʲô
ȻܳףһȥճԿľ
ǻӣǸóĻӣվѪ
ʵۼ㲻ӣҲԸҸԺյӡ⣬ʼҵܶ
ʫΪӣֱǺ֡
ͷʵ۱Ļͬһ֮Ů޽ƽƽ
̫쿪ˡ
ЮԱϷ룬ʵûʲô⡣
Ҳ͵˵ЩίߵĻˡԵµݣҪߣ̫ˡһЩ֪֮ĺáӣҴδӹ㡣
ӣͷɬģζʮֲ
֪Ȼǻӣûжӵܵӡ꣬Ǹˡ
ӣЩ˵ȥˡ
۾Ҳ΢΢졣
ƽưֵĹӣʱֻǸߵͨˡ
ô꣬ʼһˡ㡭ҺܿġΪ֪
֪ûвɢϯ࿴ᣬҵԸڽ


151 ͨ

һʮ»ͨ
మ֮ˣÿεΪЩС´ܣչ֣ƺִమ֮˵ĶˡȻû鰮˱˴ͣһ˺һŮǾһҲʲôý
Ժϰ߳Ϊꡣ
Էݡ
ӣ¶ԹŴȨðҲ֪һȢǧС㣬м檡
ʵʫȣҲûʲôͬ
ʫűôиǿĿɽһˣƮ㣬Ȼңƺͦҵġ
û赽еĵز
ЩˡܱȵȻĺá
ӣҶݡ
ӣæҡͷûʱȷʵЩģҾǶˣǸʵݣҲûʲôġǺ룬뷨û
ȻûʵݣҲûƭʲôҲûʧʲôûʲôġ
пЦӣӣ﷢ţء
䣬һҲǺõģܺùǿջЦ
Ĵ
Щӣġ
ҳ̫ƽʱͱ幻ҪСꡣھУַſڵӣͻȻ䡭죬ұ̫ƽէټͲӡ
Ӷ游һҡ
ߣԻĸ׸ı֡Ҳƭˡ
ͬ
ӣһ̾Ȼ͵ôϸӣЩ⡣
ǰȻڼֿǰôʢˣҲԼġ
Щͨʱ˵˾䣬ܻӦ䡣
һֱôദģʽͻȻ䣬һ̬ӣЩᡣ
һҪºʱ͵ΰ
㲻ܷδȻ
˶ӣ뻹Ǳڴˡ
ԻҪˡʵѾˣֻнܡ˽£һ硣ʱҳƺ¡ԭгҪı𣿡
ҡͷ
ӣһ֮ɫǾͺáһĵ֪ݺг̻б䣬ǻԭƻ£Ҽװ֪ݣʹһȥˣپȥɡ粻صģ޹ʣﶼ֪ϣһֱߡǲʵ£ܻᷢ
һףôáɩǻζġͬŮˣҿɲΪ˵жд̡ӣЦ˵
ӣԽЦüͷԽ
ӣϵЦҲЩεĿ
һҪ
ôͿĲһʱͺúദ
ҪֿʹķֿʵûҪŪƵġ
κ飬һƽϵ̫˷ʹࡣ
ֻĵ֪ӣͻȻʶȻǲġ
Ҫʲôֱܵõɡ
ǻӣȨ׼ϣʲôҪֲܵõأ
֪ģ㲻һͱ˶һ
ӴĹ̫ˡӴЩᷢûʲôͬĺãģίʵ㲻硣ӣ̭Լ
ۡ
ϲһˣ׵ġ
ûϲ
ǵ֪ݺſԼ⣬б¸Ҿ徵
˼һӣǸռȵġ
;úŰġ
ӣɲŰȻòּȢޣڰȻˡ
ǼΪ
ȻҲҡǲҵˣôҲһĴúɽҲǲⷬЩû˵ֻתıʾԵ޷ݡκѹԸԵ޷ݡǡӣû뿪
磬⻰Ǻ⣿ӣԼʣʡ
ְԵܲõĵѵҪκͲܿơ
ȻȻ˵
ĹǾֵġ
Ȣء
ֻ
ʲôӣЩЦˣ͹Ǿûִ
ʲô
ǱⱲĹ
мֲܲ˵ļʽƽʱǸôֹӰȻӣǰ˵һ
ȻأĹȻأǴȢңǴڸðԺҡֻûûݵĴߣ꣬Ȼãģáĵ㶼䲻㣬ӣǸڸ鷽ίȫġ
Σʵ
·ýȢⱲ檡ң㵱үҵҵƽͷա磬ΪԼҲΪҡ


152 ԩҰ

һʮԩҰ
ѪľһĻĻݣӣֱҪѪˡ
ôᵽһϻģȻ˵һ
־ԸڹŴʦ֤ŮҲԶ죬Ȼ־е󣬿˻ţôиͷ
ܲÿ԰ġ
ԼһãԸһͷײ
ȻӣҲûھͺ̯ư
ӴƽʱãҲǸ֪ĺùһ£̣ըһͷըԼ
˵һǧ˰٣˵ľ
ƺû뵽ӣ˵һ
ò˼顭ЩЦ
ȢΪޣһٲ£Ҳ԰쵽
οѡɲ
Ȣӣ췽ҹ̷
Ǹ߸ϵĸ¶ʧҲŵƯƯġ϶˻ʼ档
֮ԼδжæŰǼλֵ¡
ҪȰ׽İźãźðײġ
˶Ȼڡӣ¡֪Щ飬ɼŷʫڸк֣Ҳ棬ο֣ȥҪ̫үһ״÷ʤڸУбǼɹҲ޹ش֡
֪ԣ磬ΪңҲΪԼǱ㲻ˡղ÷һȥӴ˻᲻ŭңҪ𣿡
֪ӣתƻ⡣
⻰ίʵ޽⣬Ҳ˳ƴʱѾͬˡ⼸꣬һֱҡθԽԽˡΪҲʱЩˡ
Ȼ˵ĵӣãһôס
˵ֱ̧̧ܰƽҡ
Ҳʫڸкˡ
ɵҲԼҹˡ
֮ʫ֮ԸôΪҺһôһ룬ʫƺҲ㲻񼫡Ǹܼҳ˵Ĺ
ʱֺҪȥһ¡
ΰüʵ
ӣ˼·棬ֱĵ䷶ǸСˡֻС˲ػ£ʶԴֻͼ档
ǾӣһƵģϲ
СȻ
ǰһΪӣǷ⣬Ҳˡ룬ǳ˵ġСԩ˰ɡ
ȻţúðһĳģһȰҳϢŭġ
ֱЦã˵ⷬʱܲܲҪһЦ顣ⷨʵҲ޿ɺǣ޷ʾˡǴӣ³ԼӦϴ󵶣źƴѾͷϽ͵ĻѾͷ
֪ӣǸƿӡ
ʫŸղ۸תҪȥ
Ǹرġϲӣ
͸öԹһƻһȥ˴򡭡
ǲ죬ȱٷΡ
ӣҲȫçײӣʮֻʱơȻֻǰĶԹʮϲģӣĲážνʩɡӣĿĺá
Ҳã˳游һҵ¡ϼף游ʮֻϲ
ϼ׹ȻãֻСһµĺӡµһӢɾ;ˡ۶࣬ӣضá
˴۵СۣȻͻȻЦˡ
ӣҲȱƲԼҲᾡһ졭Ӧ㣬㡣
Ȼû˵ӣͻȻͶˡ
Ƭ̣ͷ
ΪҲĻصƿء
ǱǰӣȻǰ·ɽͬУܺù·
ղ˶˵Żʱһˡ
ŻġһϲŭϣʱһЦ⡣
÷һʮֲ˳
ȻһһĿƽδΪӣһԶ¶˿顣һǸô֪ʶȤģʱˡ
ǺɵĻص
·ظظ޴֣³ˡ±˳㽫תĻλҼλ꣬²֪Ҫҹ¹ƣʱǱ㵽ˡ
ӣգգۣӦ
һ̫ˡ
λڣĻ
ֱǴһİưʫǶˡ
ĺ£
һˣ˿¶ƺЦ£š粻˾ɡ˴£ӳҲܰЩǸϱŪģҲʱһˡ


153 ʦ

һʮʦ
һʮģŻŹܼҵġ
˭ԼҹһأԼҹӱûĸ¶Ц
Ը⣬Ҳô⡣
һ
㲻룬Ȣϱ߻ʵԶĵؽ磬ѵܿʵӲɡ
һԼ߶ͰɣǱҲ˽ǵġ
ӣҪҪȥʶʶ̫ƽš
ðɡҳǼңĸһ¥
ʫغڳǰ佱һ
οúõư飬ôͻȻͱլˡǿϷ
ô˵ˡӵ˼һҪҵĳһӲźó׺˺氡£ıǿ쵶ն飬ģɵĲá
ӣԷһӡΪĹۡ
ΪǸʵĻء
ź£һżթһŽթġ
㻰ࡣ
һҲɼһίʵԼҹӶĻ׳档
𣿻᲻̼̫Ǵ̼̫з磬񲻷״
ﲻ˽ˡһҹ鷳ģ鷳͹һ𡭡ǺôͶ֡
ΪӣһȥԸˡ
һֱɡ
ӣȷʵ˽ˡϰǲˡȻøţűǡ
һ˵ƺҲе
ʫָôڮء
һᵱĨûʫţί
ҲáҲôڮҵġ
ɹʶһ¶һ͵顣
һЦ÷ռУһģȻãȴĵһ
Ȼˣ˲ԺߡӣͻȻ뵽һ⡣ͷʷһǼֵշ磿
Ǽ˿֮
ӣҡͷǱǹӵνǴӶ𣬱ڹߣⱲΨһʹǱӡǿ湫ȥġұýзһɷǹգշȿҲΪ̫ƽ߷㣬ķΪ磬ǷֵܣǹӵԺҲǹ
⻰ģĵġ
ӣȴë
Ҳûʲô̫Ľ飬һ˵໤ĻӣϼӺء
һǼҵĻǵְڡ
ԣ˵Ķԡǻְڡ
һһ͵ģȵԺӣѾͷӦ뿪̫ƽ߳
ӣΪ˱ʦƽôҲüɵһ
˺ӣʫΪ㵨ˡ
ӣִִ˾Ȼλ
൱ʮµ͡
һСӣʲôŶؼұһ˵ͻȻӣȻͻȻһ͡
鵭˼˾˾ˡ
ӣ֪ղ㲻ҴүҲʫŵ
༸λʫŵ岮ҵģϵġ
˾˼ȻˣұٶԾ˾˵һ顣ԺƽʫŵΪá
ΪʲôΪѾͷ
ʵ
ȻһѾͷӣͻȻʫΪһӡ
˾ԡ
ЩҿǴ㲻ҲģֻŶܽҲ֪ҼҴҵ󣬾˾ܻ㣬˲ϲһȢŶ˾˱˳һ֮ˡ˵ʮֿУӣĿ⣬˿档
Ļ˾Ժ˵ΪȫΪʫŵȢȴ£Ҹʶᣬѵ˾˸ʵɣ
ҡҴ˵ͷ游зӡ
ү˵š
Ůؼұ˵ƽ˸Ůˡ
Ůʮְ裬࿴֣ȻҵĹҲ۸
¿ֱҵ֮
ʫŵˡ
δ뵽ͻȻ֮䣬Ȼѡүżֵǰָ
ΪǸˣԵߵ
үû뵽ȻǸģԼŮġ
һүˣǹΪѵġЩҿûˣ˦ңûš
游ˡҶʫֻ֮飬Ů֮⡣˾˻ʫɡ
⻰һм˶ʱ䡣
Ϊǻӣұ㡭ûң̫ƽ㣿ֱǹӲš
ѵΪôŮˣ㾹ȻʫΪˡҲǿ㳤ģɲСʧ󰡡


154 ս

һʮս
˾˵ĶԡŶ˵ŮǸŮܰﵽ̫ƽ㣿ɲܱԻˡŶһһ⣬ɲܵĺ
ڡ
Ȼûֱָӣ꾫ɻﻰ⣬˵ӣȻ
ʹͻȻ䡣
ӣӣЩˡ
ǹ̼⼸λġҲֵĲ󡭡ӣ̾һ⣬㱻Ūˡ
ʲôڣͶ
ӣѾ֪ԼＸˡ
֪ʱǾȻԼܲٿ
ڣЩҪߺˡӣݺݵһűߵķһ
һյӣŭ⣬ʶʱĵֺõĶӣЦЦ
ˣȻѾȻðæ½
ϼ˵ȥȻĽλҲһµ˼һǷԹС⣿
˺;˵㿪ڵķݡĴȥ
˹Ȼģڻ˲תƵӣϡҼλŭӣ򶨵뵽ղһ·Ժ÷ͷĸ߱Ҳǰ˱ɡ
Ȼ˺ôֵܵ
һһĺշꡣǽʥĵӡݺο󣬹󸮵С֮ء˵˵ʫ䲻ϣѵã
ӣǫҡҡͷʾԼͬ䲻Ϸꡣ
ҲҳԼҡһ䣬Ϊǵȵͷϣֻй󸮸ˡ
ôСѾͷĿ𳤣
ҡҡͷʾӣֻĿˣʵɲܡ³̫ƽƵȻмġֻЩꡭλʣǵĶ࣬Ǵõĺôࣿ
˶̰޿ɺǡ
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ɫ΢䡣ȻҲֻ֪Щӣ˵Ѿϰǰһˡѵ̫ƽ֮¹ߣÿμ涼Ҫ˵һ顣
ʼ鹧
Ǳš
꣬Խˡ
ûɳˣŴȻȥ˸
뿪̫ƽƸʤ
֪ʫÿֵļɹҲδֹ
ҿĴˣҲûʲôݵ£ȢʫŹš
ȫǸԼ
ѹʫŻؼ˵۸죬ĺܡǼ϶һ𣬶ǹĶ֡Ϸүһʵıȭ
ӣ
ΪƤôһͨ䣬ﻹ
ӣһ˰
ҲԼƤжֵǮ
ֻסΪɫĵ˵ͷʾүĿޡ
лүޡ
ЩˤԴС
һԣⳡϷǣȴӣͷ£ʼЦӯӯЦȻֻӣ
Ҽǿˡ
Ǳֵˡ
ֻҪǵţ£Ҳͷ
û뵽һ죬ǻôĿ
ɫʮѿΪŮ֮֪ɱСŮսǿ˵Ÿ֡
ǻӡȻһСѾͷͷĸ֪ˣָöʧء
Ӳֶûãֿʼơ·׵ӣˡ

˸޲ðж˿顣
ҪֻǸĿܣ˵ΪʫŶǺ޳
ĸ֪˾ǵΪ»ʧġ
㣡Ķǰװһˡ
˾˲˵ôûʣһסҰҡҡЩ̫꣬ƽ°Եչ˴޹յİӱж׮ƺж׮˾ˣˣˡ˾˻ȥ游
Һȥδӣ˼
˵꣬һæǰλүߡȻֱ˿͡
Ҽ
ʱƣýռϷˡ
үͷһߣӣģһݺݵ񡭡
ǵƵ˼
ʣվǱɨسˡ
ûˣӣŵ˿ڡ硣ֶθĺܰ
ӣҺܸˡ̫ƽ󣬴δ˹һ仰˵ӣʱûƢ
ջˮ


155 ̶

һʮ̶
£ʵһҪôķӡ
ӣ벻ΪҪ棿
ӣǸӣȻˣҲˣӣǸѾעˣӣҲ㲻ٶˡ
ƺԴʲô£ôȣܽܣܿӦȻȻԶԡ
¹Ҳˡ
ҲǲǾƺҲı䲻ʲô˺ѣǲʹЦӣɲǶʲôС׻ɾԲ֮¡
ˡ
ƺ鲻
ӣ˷ϯ䣬Ҳ̸ֻҪӣֵ֮£֪˵ʲôͬ
˵ʲôӣҲе
˵Ѿ˻Ůˡ
ǵĻżʵżпգ˾Ȼֿ飬Ȼ߰˷ơ
зһǰ裬˵˼ʲôĻֳˡ
ֱһɫصٴǰ
ӣ̫ү빫ЯһͬȥҸ硣
һ֮أΪ̫үֱ֡һǰȥ޿ɺǡ游ѵһȻ﹫Ȼἰӣ
еǸ˼ˡ
ͷƺ̫ү
һԼҹ򶨵ɱˣӽУǷĵ˳ȥ
ٴֻӣˣЦſ˿ڡ
޺硣
ǳˡѵ£
¶ɻƺ֪ν⣬ӣССһ
ӣѧģ
ӣ￩һĵˣ̫ˡ
Լʧ乣ֻ֪룬㱾ܵĳˡ˵ʮִȻ
ЦЦĿͷҲҡͷ
ӣЩ߳ŭСȥ
˵ˣ½Ҳ
֪ôôɣ˳һ
ӣһֻ̣ͷĿѣӦȻѾ˻
ӣСڵһ¾ͺڡ
ô棬ʵǿûӵ¡
˧ǰû֮ءټϱǲϣԼҲı䲻ˡ
ͻȻ䣬ô
ͻȻ䣬ͻȻȼƵϡϷĶ
Ӷڲ֡鼱֮£ӣ˵ôһ䡣
Ȼǰһ̻Щ컵˲ơƺ̾һ
󻺻ſ
ӣǸС
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С
Ȼû飬İ磬ⱲҲûмʶ
ӣ뱾ܵķ
ǰԽ޼ɵġ
ո죬ͻȻӦԼҪʲôʱϢΪ̫ЩҧԼͷ
ðɣȷʵǸСЩƵ˼
ſӣƺҲԼЩԽˡһȻ֪Ǻ磬ɸһǰȥ硣
͵ļ
ӣϵ
ʲôµġ
˭˵ӣͺˡ֪Ǽ˹˵ƫƫмơ
̣ѲΪ괩Խʱλˡ
ˡ
֪ӣӴ󡣡
ӣ˵ûάˡٶ䣬ҪƵһͷײˡ
һӴɵѾͷʲôÿġ磬˵ɡʲô
ЦҲʲôֻҪ̫ү⼺㹻ˡ
ʲô⼺ӣգգ۾ȻһЦ
ӣһֹջˮһҲ˼
Ȣʫŵ̫үףȻǡԷˡӣøˡ
Ǵ󻰼˵ˣ˵ͷƺû·С
ӣӦˣƺһʫôõ£ɱ˿ħǰ治ɫѵһ
ɵѾͷ¡Ǿ鷳˵鷳ʲôˣôһ䣬ӣЪϢʩʩȻĸˡ
˵ذģӣֹסĺ˼롣
ǲɱʧˡ
ڶ춡ӣӣɫǵġҹû˯𣿡
ġ
һƸʫš
ͷӣΪ
κһˣĪıҲġӷԸū澷̹÷Ȼùȥǰҹӡ
ƽʽ
ѡҲΡǷ绤ģ˵̫ƽ½ˡ


156 

һʮ
ѺƯȻ֪ʲôӣ£Ȼ΢΢⡣̫ˣһһġ㡣
̫ƽʱ˵ʽ˵Ǵڹ嫹Ǵġ˵ʲôǧװ
Сװװ֡
ǧװ
ô֡ѲڹϵĹĶӺݡ
ֶĹ
ǵģӣеͨ巢Ҳ֪ôˡͻȻ;ȫëֱ
УҲûʵ̫ˡ
ѡ۷۵ɫˣݾȻɫһ㾹Ȼ糺졣
֮˵۹⣬ӣίʵҹά
ҲЩΪѣãκӣģٴĵɫǱʫŻҪס
Ĵôһ㲻ȥȨȥˡ
Լ֤ʼһ
ʫƲϵѾʮֺˡ
Ĺﶼô𣿡
ǧװֻҵСƽ˼ҵĹ𡣹ⱡ㡭ûʮ򲻵ġ
㱡ɴ͸Ҫ۰
ӣֱ̫ƽ𺳵ˡ
ԭҪ£Ǹר
̫ƽǻӽ¡ȻҲ޷졣ùˣʵ󣬹￴ѣǶȲͬĹҲͬźɫطۡ˵һƥҪһƥӶܲѡټ幤գһ治󡣡
һǧһӣҲᴩ
㿴ңҿ㣬һʱ֪ô졣
ͻȻ䣬ӣһ
öɫѣȻǧװмǲطۺ糺мıɴȹ
ӣϣȻ´ӣ
ƯСôһ磬оǰһūٸС㻻ΣС㿴ʮ㡣
ɻȱĹ򣬾ȻѾӣ˷
ӣͭеԼھ֮ɫ
𣿼ֱǻһˡ㣬ֱǻΪ档
㱻Ī
ӣ˵ĳţӣѳĵԽΣԼ뵽һʡ
ʡ
ӣʱ˲𾪣ǿ𾪳ΪҲǿС
һԵķһȷǿֱ۾ġ
ѡģѡ̫ƽеʽɫ
һˣѡѣҲֻӲͷƤȥ˳ӡ
ļ򵥣Һãĺá
ҾúõģһǺõġļļĹ࣬һõġ
ƹƼס
ΪԵøЩҹò÷Ϲ°ڼ˶ĵ
ĵ߹ֱ䡣
ɷһòϣӣô磬һѡҪƯ
ɫѳӣСѩףֵǼ۱ɴѩ׵СĨɫ
ƽʱӣء
˵֬ˮˣͷҲԶһΣÿջӡ
ӣͷ߸¶һذĲӣƽʱСĹͻȻˮġ
ÿ
һЦţʵ
ѡҲͦÿֺֻݵģʵڲҴԾԼһס磬㶪ɣ
һԼ
뿪˵ᣬǾֻҪԼһһ¶顣
ҡҡͷ
˶ٲٴοڡһѣһʫ޼ɡ
һڨڨĵͷ
Լˡ
ǲһģôûѡֺķϵɫ
ӣһҡͷ
ȻͻȻ䣬һЦˡЦ㿴ңҿ㣬ٴθǳǳЦ⡣۹ⲻ
ǶĹ͡
Ѿͷɡ͡
Ȼ˲šһ߻һ˵ĻĺɲŮò
˰쾢ֱΧ۰εķһ
ëû
ͨ£̵֤һ۵㡣
ѡӵҪԡ
ѾͷáӴ
˸˵룬ץӡ˶뺬µģҲۡ
αĶ˰ʵڡһҶӻĵȥ
һ
ӣýƺЩ
Ȼƽʱ࣬ҲûٳֻᶣȡȻ㲻ٿˡ
Ҳֻͷ⣬ʲôĶƵġ
ǳ߱ڵ棬ż˦µİգʵûʲôĶ
磬㲻õġǺ磬ڣҲ̫Ϊҵġ
ӣڲӣ
ȻĿһ㡭
ӣܴ۾пԼİϤԼ
һ̣ǰһȻͷ·Ƭë


157 С

һʮС
ӣˣɵˣðβŷӦʲô
ȻСڵһºˡ
ôִˣ˾Ȼ
Ȼ¶ͷίʵ㲻ʲôʲôǹﱻСֶ޲ʱ
Ȼ
ӣһʱЩܲܣУʮֹأǴδйԽ֮١¡Ҳˣֱ¡
ƺЩգ̧ۿӣʱеǳǳЦ⡣
ƺӣڣѾԼˡ
飬ӣʲôģҲʵ˵ʲôֱܲΪʲôԼɡ
ⲻɵ𣿻ʲôԭȻΪϲ
鵽Ũʱɼ
ӣδɹ⡣
ֻҪ뵽ǻӵݡ;ĵĺܡ
Թ˲ŤֱӰԴһ࣬ٴˡ
ƺЩ޴룬գҲֻһ̾·̣аˡ
ңֱҴţӣΪòתͷˣСʵ
ǰǸ·Сˡ
٣ûӭӣҲ֪̫ү
ҲƽĺӣҴţЩ򰵿ŵĿ⣬ֻ֪ױϰĿ⡣ʹֵطû徲ԡ
ӣ
ȻҲ򾲣˿֮ɫ
ߣٲȻûĹŮ
Ժ۸ˡ
Ů˶Ըˣһζǿʵֻʵ䷴ΪŮˣҪԼĳӣĵıһ˵⶯ִᱡƲϣǱ˿ˣǵ۸ˣΪռıء
磬Ǳ˿Ⱳӳ˸ţƺûеڶ·ˡ
ӣƺǧҲֻǳĬŵ˵ͷ
ӣͻȻ;Լղǻƺ̫ˡ
۸
ҪŪþ˥ˡ
֪ݣԼ߸ܣעŰϷ룬Բӣӣĺݲ
ԭ˸գһĬõڹ˺Ϊ˸ա
ֵ񲢲ҲӣǴпĵĸо
ǻˣԼһ˾ȻҲԲôʡ
ү롣ڣ·С˵һԣóǰ·
ӣĬʱ˷ҵ˼Ĵǰ桭
˵ɣȴһսǴ
˵᷿ɣ͸󳨵ȴܿİ衣
Ӳ󣬼һۿ
ʱССѹѹȫˡ
λѾЩͲĹӸ磬վӺ棬վıֱһٴе顣
ƽ¶ļλʱҲڿǰλá
ӣ졣
Ӷģж˲װ򶨵ģ͸֮ġ
ǿӣʱЩеĻʵʣƺӣϴʮ˸֡
ȻҲпӣǰһġûǴԼûǰӣ˸Ѫͷ
Ȼλʱȥƽհ˶顣
ʱ˿Уλӣ
ǸòĹ
֮ԱߣΪпɡ
Ҷ֪٣ٵû˺˵һǰڤ˼
˸˵ӣߡ
Ҳǡʰˡ

ǸƯﰡƴСǶһ˫۾ʮ鶯˭ƺǳǳЦ⣬˲ɵһǳЦ
ģȻ㲻
ɸ֣Զġ
мϵģӣģǿʫš
ʱλ̫ү˿ڣЦֻ
游
ͷɲûǰ
ǲͷ˿ӣȻ˻򾪻ĿУʩʩȻӣС֡
ĳӣΪ׼
طСĶ࣬Ȼĵӣμȡ氲ĻѸּѹĴˡ
򡭡
طСûӣλãԵòôˡ
ɵӶף׼ôСӴͣѾܿˡ
λ˾˵桭Խˡ
̫үĲã۾Сȴ˫ǿףƫƫ°࣬Ը˵Ӿһڲϣƺÿÿڣ°ϵⶼҪһ
ӣʫΪģˡ
ǵ͵Ļ
ɾ˵ĸȴǼģҪҲһ
֣ļּ


158 Ұ

һʮҰ
ŵˣվŵʵ̫࣬ӣһɨȥֻ۶ǺѹѹԴ
Щ˵òҲȷʵг
мƯĹӸ磬ҡͷֽȣһⰻȻĿ֣˵ٷ硣
ģЩϮ̫үһСǿס
Щǿ״ʱ΢΢ͷƺҪһƬӵĿʵڴԼĽӣıһѴǿ׳
ЩЦ뵽Լյ
ǿ¡΢΢ͷҪ㿪ȴҲͷĿڿһ
еȺˣС˵
ֻĸһ⡭֮¶ֻλС㡣
ӣһĵͷϵˡǵôԼٷɾģһĶʮַšٵģҲȣֻһȺῡһת
ӣ뵽˵Ӱ绨
Ȼ衮òҲˡ
Ϲɡ赭д˵̫꣬үĿУǣӣż
ίʵ̫СˣӰڵʮ
һйףɴʱӣ
벢ŶУʵЩǣǿԲˡ
游ʰûСѧĹȥ
̫үȻ͵˼ޡ
»û˸ö֮
ƫƫͬʱҲǵ¡
ٲãһµֻҪһţ̫ƽҲҪʮְԵү˼ʮ⣬δ
СطǿǿҲΡ
֮Ǹͷ߰
ǿĵͷߣ̫ƽжˡ
仰ӣͬġֻӣĸҵģЩ֧
λģҵġֻβϯĿسϵ
游ѵǡֻһ游游ѵҪ֪񡣽ⷬѵ游дˣ𣿡
ţȻҪдڡɵˣôһСҸˡѵЩɵö֮Ľɡѵϲɡ̫үһȻӣΪʮֲ
ɰݣֱֲӿſ
֪ţȻǸֻ̫үû뵽εξȻܲ˵ĻŮˡ
֪ŮǸŮ
̫үѾˡ
游ѵˣǵʥϵĵӡƽˣѵССҾټӭ
һ͵һ䡣
ǰһ̣ǸҹԹԵТ˳
ʱѾƽˡ
һʹ̫үճ˳飬ƺʮ⡣
ҿ׵游
ѵԽ½֪Ļӷꡣ
ƺʮİһ̣¶ɣɫ
ֻòʹ仰Щ˼֮ˡȻ£˿ڡ
ģϵġ
󲮣ԼǡȻǵµ游ɹ󡣵´ˣȻϹ͡
졣һұϢʱֵ㿪ˣ
̫ү˱Ҳйءλϵһڣʱը˻ҩͰ
̫үܲ˵
ģֱ̱
ӣɵᶯ˶ָ˲оա
ӣͻȻ뵽Ц˵Ļ
ʱ֪£ֻƽұۡʱ˵³̫ƽʱǸӡ
һûûǮûš
󣬼ֱٲΪ裬ղòҡ
ңȻĿɽЩֱ꣬ǡ
һ죬ɻ
ңɸܣƿšƿһʫż޸Ŀŵÿ
֮ն񣬼ֱӣöġ
顣
Ӽ̫үһ̣δ̫үп˿ԳΪĶ
һһԸҴĪô
ǣͻȻҵƿأǣ̫үŭˡ
̫үɷ˵һͨѵ⣬ϵȻʣվ̫̫ãջǳĬ
ʱ̫үƺٺȦˡ
ĿӣĿ˿ڡһûҰѾͷϲ߰ɡԺŶףźǷ޶ˡ


159 ڧ

һʮڧ
ӣ񿴷ƵĿλ̫үĵûɣ浱ԼŮأҲþŮݣȻԲѵ˵Ļ˭š
ӣҲǼɫ
թģаģģ޴ģƤôģǵһμʵӣ̾Ϊֹ
˵ӣ鲻ˣⷬ˵꣬Լ˵ɫҲʮ־ʡ
ϵˣмλոջڼӵģʱȻӣӵŰתӣߣʮֵıġ
˶ӣգգ۾¶֮ͬɫ
ӣղŻ̫ͦүɿ飬ͻȻЩЦ
̫үʹˣѾͿˡ
浱Լʴء
ʹʴۣҲ
οʱҲҪڣѾ¶⡣游ǺͿˡûкϼ׵Ĵ㣬ʫųʲôϵ游Ÿݣȥ˭Ҹȥױǡ̫ƽġû˭ҡͷġ
֣ҧء
֮ⲻԶ
̫үɫȻ䡣㾹㼷游һģһԻ㡣˰Ůȥ
̫үĴȵ
һүҲʫŵĸͬһ߿ۼ̫үŭˣҲ˲ˡ
æǰ̫ү󱳣˳
лȰϢŭ
ʵԼʱŭⷭӿ飬ҲԼŮû¡
ô꣬סġ
ñŮ˺һܡ
̫үһͨ£һԺšƺҪǰӣҲȥ˰
Σܴ죿ܴʼ
˼ҿ½֪ӡ
ǶˣҷԸΣȥŮѺȥ
Ȼһİʾ˺棬ʱϾͬգ̫ƽ˵һģЩϰ̫ƽվȽŸ̫ƽķء
ûң̫ƽҲֻʱ⡣
ȷʵһ֮⼸꣬ȴҽơ
үĻף֮Ů޽ҲŰϵסΪһӣѣʵСЩ
ףǾѣǲõ
ͿʲôѣҿǸӡûͲˡ̫үεȵȨЩǰֻеͷķݣ̫үĿ˵ӡ
Ůǻ
ǻʵۼء
̫үִִҪԺӣǿѺ¡󸸿ȰҲδЧˣܱܲڱ㲻ڡһЦӣ˵ɣ󻧡һ£˲ֱ
ҵļλүɫҲ׽
֪̫ү֮ӣ
ʵ֪ġҪŭ
ϵģ࣬ǲôʹѡƿʶʱΪܵĺá
ʢ֮ʱ
лݼӳ֣δ̫ƽעƽ¡
̫үϡмûѡֱһĿȻ
Ϻαضŭ£ʥ϶ᡭֵõ⽫Ů޽Ҳÿ˼ҷԸԸ°Ϊʲôãֲʥ⡣
ǰֳ˵Ķԡƽµ¿Ǵ£ʥϱض˼СѡһǵĹŮء̫ƽǸСطûĸ¡ϵǱһһ͵Ŀ˿ڡ
˼ףԮ
Զ˵ͷһϲ˵ĸֱˡ
ȻģƵ̫ƽ֮סվһ̼֡˼ҵŮ޽Ϊҡ׾ã
˵ҼӰѾͷͽ˻ʹǻ̫ү˲Ϊӣ
ﶼҪڧˡȻȰ⡣
Ȼͬأ˾󣬲λ⻰٣ɴʱ˵Ȼ˵ʱҲߡ
ڮĸף
²Ҫҵֻʵʵ˵һæ
ڰ֡
ֲʲôܡĸ֮ܽΪѲʱżĸ顭ĸʱȷʵ΢ֳ˵ûкαʮƽ
ӣЩԾ
ɵָһ
һ̣Ŀ
ȻЦˡ
Ǽ£Ժ㡣
ӣĻӣȻ󻺻ͷá
֡ĸǸŮɺôҼҴҵ󡭡أ޸ĸ㾹ȻԼˡͿ


160 Ϸ

һʮһϷ
ӣȻϵǳ磬ʵû뵽̫ˡ
̫үû׼ϯ䲻Сźء
ɱӺ
˭ƽסһ´ʫŶС
ҲƢѣ԰ʫĲᣬ游һ״ⲻ̫үǸŮģʱΪŮͷ
ô
Ů˳ʵֶΪ
ƫƫԸٶ̫ү
ӣԴӽңûء
鼺ֵĿ첻ʰˡ
Ҳʮֳ̫үԤϵ
ӣȷʵʵˡ̫үҲȷʵӣ£ôô
ЩͷͬȢʫš
ҲøŮдšŮڻʵǱʹʹ
¶¡
Ȳ˵ԸԸϼף̫үִȢʫ£ʵҲֻ쿪
ֻ̫үϰˣ˶öΨǴӡ
µ̫үǶȻͷġ
游Ůǹе
ôܵͷءԲܣ
ǼķչšӣΪʲô֪ʲô?ʵ˾֮ġ
Ϊӣ޸ĸԽϧ
ã⻰һֱͱѡ
ƺô̼赭д˰ѻ𡣡οӣƷԼѡڱʫҲġ
һʱ䣬СöȻһ
ҲȰ̫үϢŭˣΪҲƲסŭˡ
˵ŶģԼã˾ЩҲ㲻֪游ŶȴֱڮŶáôô¡
Щ꣬Ҳ˾˲˾˳õǼĶʼֻ۾ֻ۾
ʲôô֪λҪСӺҿǱŮǡɫ䡣
Խ㷴ӦңԽ֤顣
ĶֳƯǶڹ
磬ǿֵܰЩ˽Ҳ޿ɺǡҲôʨӴ󿪿ڰֱ̰ᡣҶүҲɫ
̫үһֱʮֵһ£ǼӺͺġ
˼ҶŶſ
ҼֵܶסҴլ
ҵ⣬ҲǼֵͬЭÿö٣жϣ̫үƫġ
ճĶһ֣Щ
㻹ǹƽ
ͻȻ䣬֪ү˽һֱǼĶ
¶Щסˡ
ۿƼתֱ£̫үʶ
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ӣǰƵġҼյġ
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ãõĺܡϷĺ
⹫ޡƲϡɱϴҲǰ±ֻ۾ֻ۾ˡ󡭡Ҳʲô⣬ǰ³̰µĺãٸƺˡĸۡԺҲҪ׿ϡ游ǹܺʫðɡֳʲôЦʱĲʰˡ
⻰һ
ʱһһϵģƺ塣
ǰԼǰǸƢСܷԸʲôֻͷ
Щ̫ƽ⣬ȷʵûٽƽơ
һֱδ¶֮ɫ
ôͻȻ䣬ʹ󶯸ɸ
ջǾһʫʲôУ˲֪Լѵ֪
˵ģǽݰӡ
˭ϲ
ƫƫ룬ȥ֮λ
һ֪صΪŭ£Ūôһ֮֡
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ƽҵ̫ƽУϵҲûռʲôôˣһˮŶûС
ǣϵĻʹɫһ곤ڡ
£ҵȽյŵµ˶ϡЩȻͬ󣬿ҳ⣬֧ȲµЦװ磬ǼаðġΪʲôһҪðôһ磬ҴŶ
ϵϵ£ұϢ
ǹˡ
ӽǺ޸ϵ
ֳ˵Ķԣֻ֪󡭡ȴ֪һд
ǶҵϹ
Ľ棬ܵСƹġֻǰ裬ɵ˷һһҪ˷ĿǲһҪһͨѵ⡣ӣˡұġҵԸȥҲմһƬ½ǡ


161 ԹȺ

һʮ³ԹȺ
⡭֮ϲ
ӣ˿ɫ϶ԳΪ֮ϲ
̫үʱѾ˲ӣˡı뵱Ϊӣһҵʵ
ƫƫЩ󵹸ꡣ
һֱڧ
ǰһ̻ռȻΪʵҲֱ̫үʱܵС
ЩҪǰΪӣĻԺͷڹꡣ
ɵˡʱ򻹳ȥ¶ţ
̫үɫҰףٲǰһǰ衣ЩġЩ꿿ҹǳӲˣˡ̫ү⻰˵ı㲻ˡʲôг⣿ЩҿǾҵҵҶԲǡ
ҳ⣬ȴǡӹıǻȥء
ϵλǰ˵
󸸿ȥ¡
Ӧ̫үֶ
ʱȴٳƺ̫үΪ岮ɼ֮⡣
ûҡһģû׼ڴҪˡ񷴵ίˣ˭źҪӵģ
Ӱ빬ҵȷʵĽʡʱߣֻǰͶ̫ү⣬ʼռЩٿۣǶԹԡԽƴ̫ƽ
ҶǣȴԽĿ̱ˡ
ͬһ󣬿ɼȴһһءҪҲֻ࣬źӣжܶʶ֣Ůܼ޸˼ҡЩ̫үȴ쿪
ʫΣƷòΣ̫ү֪̫ү׵Ů̫үܲˣִȢΪޡ㲻쿪£ҵȽģӽ֮޸ϵ
ֵǣֶǣнţ뿪ŰԵĴҲԼҵģ뿪Ӵ˺ٲ̤һ
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163 سı

һʮسı
Ȥڿڡ
еۡ˵Լλá
Ȼ󲻵ӣڣԹ˵ĸڹйĲáҼǵСʱżᰤǷ̵Ĺ˲ģżĸ޹ͷӦһܳӣټһܳĻӡ
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166 ˼֮ҹ

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167 

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淢ʲôˣӣ֧ӣ˯ʵʵʱ仹磬СʱǱˡū澸ղſ˿ƺܴһƬҿĴСȫˡ


168 û

һʮû
ô?ӣЩֵʵ
ūҲأǽˣҲòӭﰡ˵ҲаǻʵˣҲòŰӭɡΪ˵ֱֱϤ󣬸͸Źˬ
ӣЦˡ
治˵ʵ٣û׼ӭ̫ƽء
ӣ˵꣬һۣȻЦˡɣôֵģҹҲܹܡ
ҲֵͦġһֱûзǷһõģЩƺ̫һʣ泳µģͰѹӳˡû䣬ȻֵĻ˭ܰ˯
ӣոϴꡣ

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ӣ˵ǰ̡
ʲô˵ʱ磬С㻹δֱ﷭˷ӣѾ˻ȥ
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ʲộǱȻࡣ
⡣
ҵֲҵĴǹӷԸģ˵Щʣ£С֡
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Ǽͷ۵Ĺ˾Ҳ֪˵СʬŽһŹ徲˵һ仰ŭ䣬ȻλĵʵڲǼϲ¡
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иš
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á
кβף
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̣ʾϣӣ¶档
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תͷȥͷгˡ

С
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ӣЩǰˣЦ˳ȥѿռӣ
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ЦЦ
ɫЩ԰ףԵʮ㲡
Ĵ˼ֲеĸоɵ硭


169 

һʮ
磬ҸôӦλ
αΡһССˡǲݣǶߵĺܽҲı߾Ͱɡ
ߴߣûëȻߣȥӰʲôڸСӣֹӣĻЦˣһ˰ѡûë£˵ͦ¡
ڸɡôҲŹȥģڸСˢÿЩɡ
ѧõıͦӣ㶣ȻŷӦ̫ˡִͨﶼˡ
ǰʵԽԽˡ
ЩԱðøġƺδɣ˵ʲôᡣ
ĸоӣԣǱʶҲЩˡ
ôұһҪ֮Ҳ˵
ӣҡҡͷǵǡǸоͦͦ˼ġʶʱ㿴ֱ߲ɵʣʱ롭˵ⱲӶûϻأû뵽̶̼£ǾȻԻ࿪Цǰ˵ԽĲˣе㡭ء
Ҳû뵽ѵ÷һģµĹﾹȻԼġ
Լʲôû˵Ƿ񼸺һС
Լһˡ
ͻȻ䣬뵽һɵ㡣ǲЩˣڿɫˡŶãҩҲûԣȻȥ˴롣
ӣǲԼ仰̼ġ
գգ۾ȻЦʮΡ
ǰκ˶ϣǰġ
ȻĽͣӣƤԽԽˣѵǽīߺڣȻԲԼīһǸѹӽӴˣһǣѹӿǹϵƤǽ
οԼӣи鷳ڵء
Ȼ棬ˡ
ƤҲŽīߺˡ
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󵨵ȥᡣ
ӣ
ԣ󵨵ȥٻ
Ŀӣ˴ʣʱϿ˿Ҳޡ
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ӣºͣʵƢҲС
ճµģֱ׹ػҲ֪˭ᱻ
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ǸϿ׼游ûӣ¡
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һ̾ʹ켫ˣıһɨա
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ͦõģڣЩҲѰӣĺúõġ
Ԧ֮ǲǱ໤ӣˡ
һҺʵ²һŽթģӷһŵЪ֮رܿ
һӪʴˣʱԲƬյءǲѵҰݶɾˣ¶ڵģʪأЬӲ棬һһЬرճ߼ϽҲ
֮Ǹͦͦͦɾȴʵζѣ۸вѣв֮
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ﴦ·紦
ǵζֱƮ
ͱӲǱӣ۾۾ġʱѾ˱ıԵ
ţ˦ȥ
ǸϼҹӣڱǰʲôףҲ֪µۣȻѲ򡣡Һ¹ϵǳݣλӸ¾˸ҵֵܡλʵһ㡭Ѵ̽СϢԼѹԼ᧿Σǡ
Ϊ⡣ҲССǳλʲô
డ
ĵΪ˼ҳλ̫ƽ˭ǡ
ºߵ׽ҹӴѲҲ֮СλԴ̫ƽһֱģһдʱ䶼
ѵӺЩˣҲҪĿܾƽ
̫ƽмˣʼײβ⡭


170 ȫ

һʮһ»ȫ
˼ʼǻӰ
Ǳʵ۷ˣҲ֡
Լȴ۸ڶλǺ۵ģҲϡ
֪ոųһˣİʼϰµģûƬͣ
һ²һ£ҪѲӣѲӺˣؾصӭٿͿߣҺôҺãαҪⷢء
Լȴ
Ҫһˡ
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ⲻǳԱŵ
ãҲǼǸŮġ
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ӵ߱ǡ
ʮĿˣû·
οһС
ֲҿڷֻøԼһˡ
ձ˼Ұζ硣ֶԷôš˭Լ˵ӭǰѲӣʼһ߸ϵģ
˵ģҲġ
ٲһҲʼǸ̼ҹӸ磬ʲôϢΪ⡣
ۼˣѾٿȰˡ
Ҫְֱɣ׵ǳֻǸ汳ġ
㰡ǵ̫Сѹô꣬ʼǸС
ĵ㵨ӵǴ󣬻ҺµĸҲ硣бôζǸССΣɾˡ
һΣһطʮҲǸ⡣
ٳЩôɥ֪ĻΪء
ô죿
Եͷһϴ飬㰮ô˵ô˵ֻ˵˰ɡ
ʵǲеģûӦϷʵȤԾǵζԽŨˡ
ɤ
˶𣿲֪ͨһǼҹҪˣ
ÿĿǣı۾
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С￴ʮͣģͷֻֻɫѣ
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ʲô͢Աӳ͢Ա
ӲǲѲ̫ƽҪۿһҪĻұȡҲ֪Լôġ
ʵӣô
˭ԶԶıճµǾҪˡ
ʵӣۡ
ӣȫû
㡭һëѾͷȻҶԱ˰˰
ˣǵ˶ǱءԼ˲ۡ
Լȴ˵̫ӣǱѲڰ
ƫҪˡ
˵ġҲ֪Ǹ˭
Ȼ뵽ԼܵġˣټʼûʲôΪЩλӡ
û뵽˼Ӳĺܡ
ԼˣȻǴд
ǸĹǱӣסˡ
ڳǵҲֳʵǶ˵̫ˣһʱʵڷŲ߸˵ļӡ
Ӧ졣
Ͽ챧ȭ񡣡Ī֣Ҽ˵ˣҹ㶯ˡҹӾȻˣҼҴ̫ǣų״ˡ¡
˵Ϲ
Ҳǻˡ
ӣƳһ񡭡䣬ӣ۾ĻͦƯġ
ɾ˶
һ̣ӣЦЦԭˣҾ˵ڶˡˣղŵ±㵱ûзɡͳҹ·úò÷дģ´ҲˣĽҰģʵڼªĺܡдˣԵˡ
ӣӻ֣ʾ˿ܡ
ֻӪ
мĴʣǽһ
ܵСӪʹţԵüׯɡ
ʮ־гǹ⡭
ԶЩ졣ԼķǵУʵǡӶ񰡡
иõĵطǰſھ޴дǡ
˵ʮǫǷԵǲˡ


171 

һʮ±
˭ӪôŮӣ˵ĳΪʲôŹ
˵ǣʹմӲˣһ˵ֻÿĿڡֻʬ򽻵мңó˴򽻵ǸͦƯС
Щˡ
ָҪ𣿡
ָҪġ
˭һۣȻ¶ָҪģֻǸŮ
ѵܰɡ̫ˡ
˲øձԶˣ۾ʵ
ǡ
ʬʲôŶ󡭡ӾǲѧҲôСѾͷ١ĵײʲô̶ȣܲҪȥ̽ŭ
ԼȨܵ˼̤
ȷʵû̫ⲻʾ˵
ûʩչɣˡ衣ıƢҪˡ
̽ӷԸˣ˭Ǵʱ٣Ҳǲ˵ġĪǾԼӱ»ҪЩ
һʱ仹Ĳҵͷ
һɶǸСܲúһСﶯ֡
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ӣ¶һСᣬҲû˵仰ȴ̵óۡ
Ȼ˵Ҹط˵˵ɡ㵹˵˵Ůģ˭
ղűڶԸһ
Ҳ׼ԴҲʿˡֻû뵽⴫еŮȻǸС
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ôԼ̫ССﶼ۸
ʲôǱ٣һҼڱԲ𡣱ʶ㣬·ȴﳶٵĺȡǾõ֣Ծ̸ǹʱҸ
޲ˡ
Լ˻ӣ
¶Цӣ˸Ǹơ
ӣмЦЦ
ڶԷʮֵĳ羴
ͺճµһɢˡǰӣʮ޵ıЩʱ軵軵ģնһ뵽ġ
ƺֱ˵
ߥ޼ֿȥ졭
Ȼ֤Ǹ٣ӣǾ̫ͻ
Ǻǰճµıֱһ
Ȼʼˡ
ɼжᡭղŷһ˵˰飬´ҪһҡȻҲǿԵġֻǣҼҹԸװæϰ´һҪ֣֮ȥʹҼҹӡ
˵˵ȥû£ƿһܼӣһʲôͷ
ߡ
ûб£´˵˲㡣´ưȥһҼҹӣֻҪҼҹӵͷһ
ӣһҲԽЦݣԽȻĻɫڵס
ӣܵĲϲˡ
һ߸ϣƺ˭Ҳ
ǻָµǰճµҲֻΥ
Ҳֻλһˡ
ӣʵ벻һССôôһΨƢǡ
һʾӣҲԸһ
ȥģΡ
Ȼ´˲ԸưҲǿҼҹȾ͡´ˣɡ
ӣԥͿ͡
Щɵˡ


172 ӣ

һʮ¡ӣ
˸ôȻߡ
Զ˵һȲ裬ʶû̵һ
һһ糿ζ
ԷɸСѾͷ
㵽˭
ӣҲǿеŮ
˭ĵӣҶԱ񡣡
ǳ´˳ҼҹӣҲһѵд˾ǴҲ¡
´˴ӭҼҹӵ塣ֻ˸컹δҼҹ徲ӭӣҿҼҹӴдͳƽϣҫġ֪һҼҹǰҫںδ𣿡
ܵҡҡͷ
Ѿӣȫע
ӣЦЦЦȴʮ䵭ȫȻƸղŵᡣ
ϵĲѾһ߸ˡ´Լٶ֣һԣһҼҹӣǡһ仨ƿѡһӣԼǸȵĹ
ɫѾʮѿˡ
Ҳӣ˵Ǽ٣һСôָű˵̣Ѿ㹻óɨˡ
ο
Ȼĸŭԡ
ڿͣȻɨӭġЩѰȤģûûȥѾǸ´ˣ´ѵҲҪˡˣģͿͰɡ
ֵһֱԱĦȭơ
ǿɲӣճµġ
һֱһԺء
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óֱ۾
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ǡ
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ӣǰ仰ó˱

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ӣ޷ֻõͷ
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磬û°ɣܶʱӣʵ֪ͦ
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ղˡΣǴǰѲ򣬳ΪҲãһ˵ľԼһ޶Բ¶棬ҲùҲ簡
ʲô¡ܰķŶһ硣
⻰κι˶ĻŭŵģӣҲ⡣
ӣʱɵ룬εºܰô
ǰ·ܰһΣӣ֪ˡ쳤ؾãӵСܺһʵ̫⡣
ӣѹ֪ʹ
ֲǻѵлҹ˵ĺ£ӣǲ˵Ρ
ղŷһ˵°飬ۿһҲҶ϶ߵԭ򡣿뵽һ֡һ̾ߡһֶʧŮ˵Ĵ̾ߡ
һͰƵ̾ߣͰﲼӡ
ȥȻ
ֻһ룬ѾëȻˡƺı￴벻ˡܺȫǶѪ


173 ˭ò˭

һʮ˭ò˭
ͷüͷĽġ
ҲˣֻѰ˿ڡ
ҡͷ
ᣬֻѰ˿ڣῪڡǺӣԼܽ飬ڶ˿ڣһ鲻˺֪Ȼ޴׷֡
ϣǡǡֻ˵̫ˡ
ӣ˴ֱۣǰӣùʵڣûô໨ӣ侵֪Щƭ˵ģ˵ĳɱִ˻Ҫơ
ܿģȻı£ɴʱѾǲͶҽˡ
ˣҸղƺù⼤ŭ
¼ȨûʲôҪһʱ֮ðڲˣΪʦˡ
ԸӣҪԷƱĺܺãлҪá
ȷʵû뵽ӣĸ˳
ӣʼǸСû뵽һ
ͦ˵ġ
ΪǸ̵ġ
˵ֻǰߣӣѶ˴ҲֻˣԼӣԽҪˡ
ΪӣʲôˡָоҲ֪ôݳƺ֣Լȫȫںŵĸо
ҡڻԼֱûˡ
Լ֪ʲôӡ
Ҳ㱾£ȻǵˡҵʱֻǸҲûʲôر֮ϱճµſڱտڱĹӣһҲ

һŭ⣬ֻǵЦЦǵƷ⡣
¹ճµĶΪǣУǸС󣬻ֵġ
֮ԽѲ֮ǰĿʮǰ׮ɰ
ԳӣǾϣȥ׮ɰġ
ģʵӣҲ뵽ˡɰѶȴȻ˵ҪȨ벻飬Ը⡭磬׮ǲǣڵġȨߣҵ˼ǡǲǳֹǲ鰸
ü
û뵽ӣˡ
ûӣ͸¶˿֮⡣ӣȻ뵽Сľϲ
Ϊôʣ
ܾ粡ΡʱȾһǲǲҲóǴвˣ֮£ӡ
˵Ĳȷд⡣ֻⲡȴû١ٵġ
ӣ¶ɫԣĲˡ
ⳡԳҲ¡
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ӣһСɵЦЦʵĸоΪӣ飬ļ֡
Ҳҩβ
֣ӣȻ̫ƽǱ⡭ձҺôӷôһСС
ӣ˼ĵͷ
˼һ˿ĲСȻϱ¶̫ĶôǼߴģ˵¯࣬Ժܻһˣɵǰĳ˸С㱻˼
Լǰ㲻ӣ̾ƺҲֻ̾ˡ
ûӣôԼһ߿ˡ
ֻҪЩˡ
ܶʱơ
ֱǵ͵֪ɽлƫɽа
ˡ
⣬Ӧ粻ڰû֮ǰֵ̫ɡųӦа˼ɡЩ̫ƽЩСǸ竹Ӹɡź˰İ
ͻȻ丣顣
ӣ뵽ֵ֮ǽ
¼ɲΪΡ
Щʱ򣬲ܲġܶʱɼһػؾǣԶϲȨƣǣòΪ
һѪͬ
ľˡ
˹¶ЦӣɬɷݾӶࡣ
ССͣ׺ܶ
ܴǰǸ˼ҵС㣬Сĺɢˣ丧öҺЩһҵˣһԽҲΪǮ˼ҵġ
ӣ˵ӡ뵽շﶼѾǮ˼ҵĹˡ
Ը˵һҲûСɲӣ뵽´ʣѾĿ˿ڡ
Ǯ˼ҵĹүˡǱлЯˡ
һ仰õӣˣǹ


174 װ

һʮװ
ôѵǹүѲɡҪ˵ŮųɣۼӣһСԽã֪ӣˣǻƲסҪòò
ͺǰֻСèУϲצȴֲ
ƺЩ۸ˡ
˭ϲ۸ء
꣬ӡĸ˵Ҫһѹӡλѹǰ֣˺ȴκҲ֪Щĵ֪᲻ʧ
㲻õģǲ֪֪ҲšϣֻҴʱģҲֻܼ
黰˰ɣ
ӣ룬̵ġȴǵġ
̲סҪ룬һ죬ؾǣЩ䲻мȴòͽȥĴλ֮ʱǻʱ˼ɵ̸˵
ԣҪϧ¡
뵱ҵŮ𣿻һҼҳ᲻ͷأҲҳҲͦ߹ġλҲδ֪أķʱˡ⻰ȻЦ֪֪һߣӣһῪڡ
ʱ
ǷЦ
ҲӣӦֻͨˡ
ĸҶŮ
¸ܷŮǶںԺײóţǳţҲ͸Ůһš
ɢĿܣ
οɢ̫ƽ̽Ҳûļ嶪ǧϢ
ֻżӣĻһֵĸооҲӣĳ
Щìܡ
˼ҵС㣬ŮŮ죬̵ˡңܲƣû˭Ůʬ鰸ġ
ʲô˼ңӣŮ
ͦġ
̽ӣѰˣɻߣնˡ
ɡ
ͺܺˣӣô
Ѱˡ
û˻üŮӣͷ¶ġ
Լ˽ġ˽ϣڴδ֮ǰӣô
벻
ӣ䡣
⻰Ȼ˵Ȥġ
ǹͻӵݣ䡣
һ޸һӣֻǺס
Ȣ˹ĻӣעͻλԵ
ʥ϶ѪʮֿأǾȢĻϴ֮λġ
Ȣֵ˵ᴢľ·
뻹ˣͦãڣûгԼšҵˡˡŲóŲÿ챻ںԺ廨˫֣ԧһѼӡϰһٲҪְ塣ӣһҲܲˡıҵˣɱҰ
Ҳһδˣӣ롣
ٴαЦˡ
֣صĵͷãصԺһǽȥ㡣
ӣҲЦˣֱĺӡ
ЦЦ»Ҫ˵ġ
ڴ˶һ죬ôˡҲ˳һ
ӣͷԴĺó
ƺδؼҾɰǴ֣
ҡ
ȥҡ
͸ȣЩҲЩ
ңȨңʮǰŵؼңʱһҡ
ؼһ𣬶ҺȨһƺ⣬ల˼ֶ꣬꣬һҡ
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һͷˮӣǰʶһ̾˺ӣ˵ưĹؼǿյĽ˭
ߣǵһˡ
ⰸϣҺȨߡ
ؼʺ󣬾ؼҵܿ㱻ҺȨҹϷˡ
ôƺͺûʲôϵ飬Ҳܽƾ²⣬ӣΪĻӦúѲ˸ϵ
ģֻܵ顣
鷢ˣܻ˿󣬲鰸ˡҶᱻġڸչˡ
֮䣬˵֣һ߾ܡ
㡣㡣аҡȷҼֵܹҪЩ𱣻㡣ܺʱһҪһסðʧ
ӣȻЩ׽Ӱˡ
ǹԹԵͷ⡣
ӣ˵˻Ựɫ͸Ρ
Ҳ֪ⲡôȾϵġӣЩʲôӡ
ˣԼҲôݡ
ӣԻصԼСӪʡ
Ƭ̺󣬶˵Ҫ
ӣûŽʣѡСӱһλãŲΪ˰ġ
Щ飬ҪܻЩġ
һƺһ޶ӣãǷѡ


175 ²

һʮ²
Ȼ˲վűôйŮһ᣿
ӣʵЩ飬һֱڰţӣһֱɸ翴⻰ӣܵľŲϲ
ҲȷʵϲŽܡ
ӣŻ뵽˶Ŀķӣȴֱ˵ƣʹӣ֪òֱӺű
뿪ڣʾԼáѾٴο˿ڡ
ǵС֮ˣҲһʶȻᣬԺټЩˡžȻֱӷˡ
ӣЩš
һƺɣͻȻôͨˣӣϰˡ
硣
ҪҲû㵱硣ˣΪܸǲΪѡȻϲȥϲȵ·ߵһ죬ţһڡ
žԼⷬʵͦЦġ
ѹǸˣҲûĸﶯġ
һֱΪԼʼգǹһˡûȢޣȢŮ˻һܿ
ȻŮ˺ӣǱȥˡ
ôһ˻šֱľͷӣ
ڵ±ţǼ⣬ûЩ뿪ׯҲӣĿܱӣһúôһί
ƫƫƫƫ
£ǽԵֵġˣԺӣ˼Ե֡
ԸӣΪѣԸʱȴ
Ϊӣעء
˵Ҳã˽Ҳաȷʵûףӣ
ӣЦЩǿ⻰ĸ˶ᶯݣӣȴۡšţûҪôԼ顣ֻܺúò鰸ȵһ㡣ģҲģȻǾӣȴ֮Σ
ĵȾԼ·
˻²͸ȴܿ͸
룬ĲˣҲó̬
ƫƫĵȾΪɲ¶棬еѰζˡ
ӣտ˵ʲôҡҡͷʾӣܶ໰ֻӣȻǿӣؿƿŲԸӣΪѡ
Ҵܲµ׮ӡİӲһأѣ»˴νҹӵݣºѹƳǴҪԺͳˡǲ鰸صȻļϡ
鰸ҰﲻʲôģǸߡģֻܷԸȥ
ӣջǵͷ
£ɻв塣
ȷԼŶģţеֻ֮顣
мһ·໤֮飬ɾԲŮ֮ر
ÿ쵶նģⷬȴ޴ӿڡʱƺ˵ʲôǴġ
Ŵ˹ʶӣЩʧߣŽԼСӪʣ²裬ӣûһڣ˷һˡ
ϡ
ʱǳ׼Ļͦ㡣
ждš
ô˵
˵СģһС㰲š
ӣЦЦϼ仰˳ʵ̫ˣģŭδ
߳Լأͳġ
һԥĵǡ
ϲӣֱֱ
ϲճµı
ԼҹӣҪίһʹӣʹ죬һǰΪԸ󣬱ӣǲ鲻̫ʱԼҹȼ֮
ӣ£ֱǺ죬ʹ졣
һܿػ˵ǳ˦ȥȥ֮ǰ֪ô
ӣַԸһ¶棬ȥʼһ
ڳеУһҲ޷һ⣬ǻȥһԼҹӡӦˡ
УЩɵĿڡ
ƺЩƲ֡
û湻أҪء²ǼޡˣǱŶԷԼء
ƶǶĵͷӣ˳ߵֱ̫ǿˡ
һŵѣüҲģƫƫġ
ùﰲţȴųȥӡӲ𣿡㱾ͻУûʵĸӣǴӣ㡣
Ǿ
ҲǰӣҪ
ӣЦЦӣЦһ˲䣬Ưˡ
·𡭡·һֻ֦ͷС
δ֮ǰĬĬţһ¶ȴƲ۾
ЩΪʲôԼҵ᲻ӣˡȥҪߡºƯĹʵ̫ϡˡ


176 ݼ

һʮݼ
ᡣ˵ҰţΰţġѵУҵǸϲŭ޳֮ˣ
ĵϲŭ޳ڡ
ΣûûθǡЩ⼸꣬ĴԣƺòûһǿԼҵµġ
ͻȻҪԼҵʲô
ѵ⡣
ū澣ū澲֪ǰū澺л¡ǹū澻Ӱ԰һССĴʹѾͷܸС߶ūһϱ£ⱲӲŻС㡣
ϱ²ŶԡҪȻȥôõѾͷ
㱻ӣȤĻŪСߺ졣˵˵ЦЦֱǰһٴ
һ˵ˣǵ¶档˵ɫʮѿֱǴ̴̵ģѾ·ߵҰһɫˡ
γûٶˡ
ڵ߹ͷ­
ʾԼǰ̫çײ֪ӲˣԲѷʵڲá
Ӫغǰ˼룬֪Լˡ
ǸģҲʵһ
˵ʮ㣬ϼֱˡ
һӣӲͷƤȴʹԼҹӣһѳȥʡ
һó˸飬ټ۳Ͷ٣ŲĽۡ
ҽǡ
Դսӡ
ָ˼ķӡ
ǡ
ûֱ뿪ǶԷһ˵ӣ
һǰѯʡ
ʱ̫ˣСҪ˯ˣ鷳ת˵ŮбʵڲҼС㣬ɡ
㰴ӣָʾص
һȻһϤ˶ܿ
һǿʵϲġ
ûӣ¹ϡٴξܾ˳뵽ɫһ;ʹ졣
һԼҹӣһ
ڴٴγ˱Ÿζ
ȥ·ϣбԹ
һССŮûûƷģһ澹ȻȼĻѣĵ
ͺͳ൱ʶ꣬
ΪУŰߡҲֻʶŸڳǰ˵ϼ䡣
ֻеͷѵķݡ
̳ҹõļ˲⡭ҲǳˣҿǾܸλӿġ
ЦЦĵͷ
кθ߼Ըꡣ
ҲۿˣλĵǺòҽʮ꣬ɵһμĹӸ硭ֻģǼ˿޲֮͡
һʬģسҲ߲ˡһŴȻҪҹ˴ˣҪ˿ʵȻҪӡ
ôһ˵ƺĵʱҲû˵ʲôŮҿ˵ֱףƺҲеȻߣĳߣЩֶεġ
ҿǴУ˲̫ġ
˵ǲΪǣǽΨһǺϢĻɫɵúÿ˼֡
еͷ
Ȼ˵̶̶ֻ֣ҪѧĶ̫ˡҪҽˣҪܱˡʦ̵츳ҲһʮСѧġҿΪӳŸҴʴʡĵ²Żǵȼаļ
ҽģЩġʮּɻͬС
ҽͬС
λͦС
ȻˣοӣһС
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ܳš
ӣҲšִҪţ׶༪١ҿҲף˵һҲִĵͷԼУȻӿ̫֣Ҳͨ࣬Ҳô˵ġ
ԣֻڸڲʲô
˾ܷġСҽʮء˳ɰǧ࣬ڰˡ
һӣټһƿ
ܷʲôǰĶ˳һЩɰ̫ˡ
ֻܺóԺúȵźţ
ȳС£ᣬӢţЩϧˡ



177 רһ

һʮרһ
˳ģá
о仰Ů࣬˵˵ģıŮ˻¡
ֶͨѡ
ϣҲˡ
ףš
ٻصӪأ˳÷һӣǰ
һ̣˹йŮģͬһң㲻˿ʵҲԼҹӰͲЩʲôʵء
ӪʣӣüԽѿɫЩѿ
ôˣһ˿ղŶ࿴˼ǸЩ۾ϴϴ
ӣŪÿЦá
һáƫҪ˵Ļ
ֻ۸ҡ
Ȼ۸㣬ѵȥ۸ԵĹҿĳ˵ͽˡǵͦٵġ
רһĺܡ
۸ˣҲֻ۸һ
㱾ǵͽӡӣֹɱˣϰ֮ˣϼѡΪСҾˡͽӣƺֻᱡһˡ
Ҳǵͽӡ
ðɣͽӱͽӰɣ̯̯֣ʾԼǿ˵ԩĴơ
ʱͽ۸ɸЩˣ
װһ˵ġ
װУֲɵǸем汾¡
ԣĲˣһĲ٣ӣɫԽĲÿˡ
һҪĴһ
ҴСһһΪմ㣬˵˭ʵ۶һֻĽѲ°áͬĸֺԼӣԱ
׷ֻͬǸƷ⡣Ҳ㲻öĴӣԴ˵ʮֿĿǰͬǣһ汻ԩģ
Ҳֻ׬Ǯġ
Ƕֻ׷ͬӣԼСüƺЩӣġȡ
ΪӣӣԳ֮Աء
û뵽ȻࡣҲóһǻˡ
˲ǺõġֻҪмֲŸɣֻҪһմ㣬ƽӹЩҲƴġ
ɳͬ
вţѲŰ
ѲŰб£ƸᲦɳĲŸɣȴӬӪϡ
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ˣڹٳ԰հٺһ
ҪģһݣԶΪ١ȻҪ󾫡
ȷʵֻһҲ㲻öĴжٹԱˡ;ΨһĿıȨơԽ࣬԰˵Խ
ӣҲ֪ô˵Ҵϡ
ţɫҰףȰʱҪˡӣЩЪϢȻһɾȴʱ̸ѣѾӣ˵ټͿƾٵϡ
磬㻹ţܰҹ
ʾֻӣֱֻתΪֱӿڣôӦԡ
ҲǸ⡣
ǰģһȻַģ
ǲ˺ȴĻࡣƽʱ˺ֹһΪ˵ˡ
ӣ۵
ҹôϼ졭
ӣȻԶԣԭΪҪҹ
ǸСﰡǸڳСҹǴɡȻӣʲôֻϱܿЦЦúӣദһ飬һȫ޿顣
ŷ˵飬Ҳ䡣
ְ֮У޲ÿ춼Ҫϼҳ
ʱȷʵˣҲ㲻ö
йŮȷʵùһңӣС
ٲһᣬһСȷǲʣӣڣȴľӺЩӣҩ
ϧֻԶۣ븹еҩ
ӱʾЩˡ
ܿܶȴˡ
ӣ׽˺ӣ£ЩϣӣֻǸ¶С
֮ȻѾ᧿Σ
˵һᣬȥ˯֪ڳ壬ÿҪ˯˸ʱ
ӣƲ졣
˯˸ʱǲǳ壬
ѧˣ֪ڶڷ»ӣһСڣҡͷʧЦ
ˣˡٶȥҪɴˡ
Ǵ⬡ȫҶǴ⬡
ʺҵĻڱӴ뵽һڱϵӣ̿ˮǱȥĺá
úãǴ⬣ȫ̡Ǵȵﲻ˺òãⲻˡ
ðɣαЩ˳㿴ķԭ㡣Ժ۸ҡұĲˡ
⻰˵ģֱСŮް


178 

һʮ
ӣԼǻ˶ʮˡ
ͦϲŶС͸Сӡ
ȻϲӣʱĳȣǰҪȣһ
Һ¡ҷģٲ۸ˡ
ƺ棬Ҫַģӣæȥ֣Ȼһ⣬ƲסԼ˽Ļ
ӣ˵õĲ۸أ
죬
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µŮѹѬС
ʹ·մϵζ
Ƕζ
Ӽȣĸѧ㡣Ѭĸơ
̼ܶӣʲô
˵ʵЩ񻰣ſǵһչ˻ǣ˽ķ·ܸܵ˴˵Ϣ
ӣЩţú
˵һ̧ۣܿӡ
˫۾з·̺Ķֻӣ͸
ϲζ𣿡
ӣĵͷһЦ
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ӣ˲úߣҲ˲ȥˡЩ˵ڷգ
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ɿģƺǼҳ㷹
СΣ
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áͷ
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ͦЦһ¡
֪δɼǡ
ˣȻ˵İţ㲻ܲ
룬ҲСΪء

֮ӿȪ౨
ϲʵǼ̫׵¡
ˣˡŬŬȥϲֱǲòֿ
˵Ǽ¡
֪ǸĽȴֻǰߡ
û·ûеڶѡʱӣѧֿҲʺһӵġ
죬ҪĽడ
ӣ̾
һ磬ˣɻλСƺͦλеҽԹԳҩ
ӣ
ʰĽڡ
ӣûоܾ
˵ʰɳûдǸӣһиվڳߡ
Ųһת
ʱЦ⡣
ǸƺЩȣǾӣ̫ɡ
ﰲá
ãλ湫ﲡаɡá
λкܿ췴Ӧɫָƺɴż֮ɫ
ﾹȻôᣬʵ⡭
˺лˡҵĴλл꣬һС
ӣܵ
һʵҵѧ˼ҽ˵ҽֻǾԼβˣһԵлǫ
ӣЦס
ӵĲлˡ
Ƶͣҵıݣﲻ
һۣɵЦˡƺЩ⡭ӣĺ˵
ӣǺ˵ʵﶼЩӰˣӣһǸԵĹǼл˵ϸģѲɡ˵Լ¹
ӣһֱл˵
˵Ĳ֢
ӣʣлżлüӣҲᷴ󼸾䣬ĵʮͶ룬û


179 

һٰʮ¼
ǵǵˡ
ȻʳΪ壬Ǽʵ
׮ӣһ֮ӣæ֮гջص

ɫЩѿˣӣǹⵡǸϹˡ
ȻӣûоܾǼ棬Ҳֻǵкûеڶ仰ˡͲƺҲû϶١
ﲻ¹ټû¹ٿԱˡ
Ƣõĺܣֳģ˾ܷġ
֪ӣɵװɵѵ仰ֻǴǻȴصһģƺֻҪ¶ɻĻܵǰһʡ
λѲɻ˵ϻ
ԼҪ¼κλŮ򽻵ˡ
¹Ȼ֪¿񣬿ҲԴΪڷԼ¹˵ЩĪҪ
ӣȥˡ
ֻ˼ۣתͷл˵
лСʵЩ֮ͬǶҪСġֻۻˣҹۡô㼸仰ζлоҸ֪
л껹롣
ȻʬҲмʵЩ񡣲кЩ֮ͬͬġ
Щҽءǲ֪ǰλҽˡ
ղ˵ӵĲ֢λﵹҲмָ߼
лǱŹƽ֤ԭ򣬲ûΪͳöƫ̻˵Ĳ´ˣҸﲡҪѹжϲʬӦҲһģܵߣܶ԰ƾ仰϶¡·
ɫ̫ÿˡ
û뵽Ȼл̨
ϺлϵЩҲûչл⡣
л껹ο˵һ˲Ϊء
ˣ͹ȥׯһˡ䲻ȵ˵
лüóλЩСˡ˼˵û
οԷֻǸСʮ͡
ͣͳŮ¡
չҲΪһСﰡ
лˣֱֻһ棬϶ӣǸġڳЩ
Ժ򽻵ҪСļ֡
ӦΪ֮£岻ݴǡӣԵ±ԹԥĴӦ˳лǾóΪ̫ˡ
ȻһУǰСǸ
һưʵûҪһСɫ
´ˣʱˣǲȥһӣȶЩԶˡ
лģӣΧӣмĶЦЦл겻ɫҡҡͷʾֻСһ׮ӣؼϡ
Ҳá߰ɡö࿴ӣһ۶ķ
Լˡ
һһС
ֻӣһ棬㿪ʼƫġ
ѾͷԼ˷֮ˡˡ
ǡһĿ
˦ȥл갲οĶӣЦЦȥ
ߺӣɫˡ
Ц⣬ĿЩ΢Ŀ
ΪȻЩߵƺˡϴǸҲһֱڹȰ£θߵƺҲǸж֮ˡ
ҲΪһĳˣȻûԼҼӡ
һܿţ˵ǹЩˣ̡
ʱ̣ǰܽˡһ˵һ½İš
סõģ˶಻ΪɾܾˣУһ˱סվ
վģֻڳǽȦƬطǽ˼ľݡ
ΪƽԴ̫ƽʼӼġ
վԱģ¶̫ƽǲ̫ģɷӣÿϵӣ´һӣһν¡ԱҲûʲô˼ˡκͬҲ벻µۣԸվ޵ĶʮӦ
ǣʵҲǡ
ֻӣûʶվˣһԵӰд繬վ֮Աǡ
ǼֱĳǳغƶߵĶԱȣֻ侳֮˲׺Ϊᡣʱһӣ˵վ̫ãӣи׼
ӣѹû⡣
ٻܻġ
ܱǿɣǸ񷿶סŮӡ
гЩ죬ݳ˵Ϊ˸ڵܵ
żڶǰ档
һֵܸš
ǵڣûӣһӣҶһˡ
ӣͦģϴҴҼһ档ɫѣȻЦ⣬ӣܸоĳ״̬ʵ⡣


180 ûʧ

һٰʮһ»ûʧ
ӣʵںһһʮо¡
ôԼڳģģ
κӭŲеǧﻯһꡣ
ӣֻע壬̫ǿΪǿ˵ȻԹԵͷʵ˲ҹά
ֻЪϢ˰ʱȻ·
䣬ӣл
ͣʱе㳤ӣЩģȥһʡͷķӣ󣬱һֱӣǲķһԺͳʾӣȥ˶ǰͷֻ߱зһˡ
ǰȥϢ
ƤЦµʱҲǡ
лߵС˳˻ƤȻʳЩ
ƺֿʼˡߵСֻ̫̣ҩһζȥȵġ
ӣĿԽĻԣңң˵Լִ֪磬˵һо֮С
ᣬһƽǸΪʵ۵δʲô̫ƽƺҲЩ˼
⼸оӪЩɫ
վ̫ϲСԼŪӣԼѹ۰
ӣҲ֪Ȱ
£Ӳġ
ʱˣɡϲһˣܻỼûʧӣûʲô飬ǰ˵õģϲˣÿ۾ĵһ±Цһ飬ҲӰ顣
ȴҲ
ˣ˵Ҳǻͨ˰ɡǵñˡ
ʱƺѾʾ⡭
װʲôأֻǸӲĹΪദȤԶһǴأ⻰ӣʣҲʲڡ
֪һҪġ
ʡ
ݸ飬ҪŬշ硣
ɼˡվֶܿƵġ
ӣζίʵǵǣĽЩ
ӣȥһǳһֱﶼԼ꺮ůΪ֮УϧԼȾȻڹؼʱ̻¡Ծ۲Ĳӣ
Ĳԣ컬࣬Ҳ²͸λ˼
أǲ˼
ΪβȥһʣΪȥ̽ϢɵÿһԵĶ㡣
ҡҡͷ
ңֻǸѾͷ˵꣬Ҳת
ֹĸİֱţ༰ǸأѾͷ䡣
ԼȻ˼ˣĸæ޼
Դӱǲӣߣ˶˵Խġˡλһ˵²ƵˣȻǽīߺڡ
ȻӣûԸĻԾͷǱߴ˴ա
ڶЩϢ
Լҹⲻ⣬һЩǺõġ
·ٶӿ죬ʮ·ڷɳۣӣߵĲᡭ
Ȼźëձӣɿ಻ԡ
ÿ࣬ӣǰǻĸֵġʹʱӣʹļҪˡ뵽Ժǳ;棬ֻԼʮһ·ӣٻ괩һΡ
ڰʮ֡
ͣˡ
˳ȥȻ˵ĸӣˣվɡá徲
˰죬ûѡһʵĴʣֻ˵
徲
ӣͷȥ׷һΪǿվӲЩ飬ӣൣˡ
ʵΪ
һľţŰ徹Ȼһȣʱıһ֧š
Ÿزϡ
֮ԺеҰϥǸߡ
Ұ֮󡭡ӣѾٿˡ
վѵ㳯͢ʩĸվģվǻķ˲֪Ұꡣ
£ôһԺӴš
ϴѡ
ӣ߽ʱʹ͡ÿ궼ҪɣȴһҲûù¹ôһӣõϣվƼáίʵ̫ˣʺϹ
˵ǽһȻٲȻվķΪѺڸıˡ˵ϵյĴˡ
ӣ⡣
һԷһ黤ţƺԼҹиʧ
´ˣվǳ͢棿Ǿó͢޹ؽҪ𣿡ʼûпڡ
һһһ·Ȼϲλ򽻵ɺͳʱҲƽͣЦģǴʱһϲ飬һţԵ϶˹


181 סվ

һٰʮסվ
绤ԲӡӾô࡭໨Ǳ߱á¹پûʲôȰҪÿάһδӴԱվЩʵݡ绤ţԽʣۿӹΣ
Ų¹ٵĴƽÿֻӡʮ˵ӼҪ·꣬Ҫʵڱˮн¹ٱվԴӽӣһҲûù
ǼʮŮʵ˷ѡʡӼðաǾ¹ˣɸϵӣ¹ηǡ
㣡һʵʵڲʺϺ˴󳳴ֵģοǳ߻װǻƵģǿ͸ıԣӣҪλŪȥˡ
ΪӶڰء
ֻվưˡίʵЩ
½ͣ£ϣϵ½³
ֿһ·ϱﻵˣܺúչˡһ첲ȣһƲ츹̡
ʵ̫ƽ¼ӣվǰ衣ûԱйԱ˽ύһ¡Ҳסˮ¥̨˵˭Զסվվͦġ
ܻģҲټվôɨɨԺšҰݶ켰ˣĻվǼûҪĺڵꡣ
ĶڰˡվҲûÿ˷άʵ˷ѡֿ£СŲĿ˿ڡ
һ·ͬˣҲǽЩ顣
СڼֿǰڸҴ˵ˡ
СŻ£㱻ֿͷСӡ˭ɵŲõӶڰϡǰӵҪز˽أʲôͻ״ЩӦολɵĳ
ִ磬ֻ˵˵ġˡСŸæġ
һԳһں֮⻰ֻụ̂ת
ȷʵ¹ٰ²׵۵޴¹ٽǰɡͷʰ׵ˡ
ǰǽǰɡأлУȻ֪ΪվķˣԼϾǳߵˣҪվڳߵġ
ӣ˵ֻǳĬվһԡ
ƺֻҪгڵĵطӣһ
лƺҲʶˣûҪӣػ˼οӻôӣҪվǵطǽվʰסʮԣٵĻ
޷һֵһ°ɡҡͷ
ɫɲ԰ףôűߡǵһ˲䣬ӣ벻һǰȥ֪һ⣬ڳõãΪŮӣеŮӡⲻҪġ
ϣʶ֮䣬Ů֮飬֮ԱأΪʬı¡
д
ΪǴӣĻġ˳ˮۣԱӣȥ
Ϊὥı䡣
ʶӣǿòȡʤǲŸɡ
㱻ӣ˭ҲˣӣֵĲϲͻȻ䣬óɻˡ
⣿װɡƺЩ⣬˭ưܵľ£סĳ嶯ġҲվķϵԭ
Ѵӻ㡭
û뵽ôѶԸҹӣСʳȻס
ԺסˣľƺҲ´˲صģȻЩҲǱһµġ˼Ȼ󻷹£ƺֱͦĹƬĲ
ǡЩ
˷ģҵȶǲˣϯӱ˯һµġȻҼҹӾﲻһҼҹӴСʲôûסѵϲҼҹסϼ졭û£ſͷˡһź˻ֻص
˵ϣǲͬ⣬Ҳֻͬˡ
ڷһĻÿš
һŵĹӸ磬ûסֵطɣԲŻ¡
ˣš
ֵطסһȤס죬ˡ
Ҳá¹ٱЩʰʰ
˲鷳ˣԼĻ㹻ˡһ־ܾҲ֣˳ָ̾˼䣬ǡ
֮ǰûӣʱȥׯ
˵´ˣҼҹ۳Ͷ٣ôЪʮİ˼ʲôǶϳ˵


182 

һٰʮ
֣֮£ܵʮ졣
Ȼķ
ҼҹⰸѵˣһҲķʡ˸첱Ӵ֣һССĻҲҶײ
»ˣͻȻӭģЩĿ⡣
һݣʱĺͶ
֪ЩʰԺӵĻȻҲͣжĿ뿴ͻȻһļ¡ʱ뵽Լֻ˼ĸۣķԼ߿ºʤ㡣
ĵŭҲֻݺһǴͷĻ
ŮкܣߵĻӶȱ𴦵ĻЩЦ˵ʮʮĳ
֪ӣϰΪ
һΣӣһ۳
л佱
˭佱ˣڰָųΪ𣬿ӣһĿ˵ӡô֮
һ顣
ӣʼգû࿴һۡ
ѵԼӣǡӣǿɫԻӶⷬġ
ɿӣƺͦӣ
ڳôһ䵭飬ȻҲ
ǰһһҼҹӵġʱ򲻹飬ӣƺͦӵġ
ѵǡӭݡ
һʱ仹Щ͸
˵Ķԣ죬ȷʵ󲻵ãȥׯ
ȻĸӦʱ˸ղ룬һЦ뿴ӣôСѾͷʬʲô飬Īʱŷɡãһ磬òӹ
͡
ӣ˵꣬˵һԣ۾ҲתԺӵķ
ƺٲͳ˵һ䡣
޼ӣ
һСѾͷű˾Ц棬һűʲô캦Ƶġ
ĲᣬҲ֪Լӣһʶʵ³ˡ
ˣٱˣʲôԸܲȥŸ֪¹һ湫Ӱ쵽
ǿЦЦϾݺͲݲӣ״̬ʮ⡣
Цӣ֮ԸҶɫΪҪӣ˭
ֶֺõЦЦתȥ
л˹ֶ֣ʱҩżҴ׷ǰȥ
ۼųһԶˣӣϵ⣬Щ
תͷĿഥ
ƺ˭Ҳؿڣױ˴˵⡣
ӣصģӣܲģͻȻӣЦЦһ̣ӻ˻Ρ
ӣĻЩɳ
֮һʱһֱЩ㱡һûӣҲ
ҽܿˣȻͷһ˵˼䡣һƺЩԥջǵͷ
ҽͷһ뿪ˣֻӣ
һֱ˯ţӣһߣôһĿ
ʵЩ벻ͨνĲʲô
Ϊ˰ģòһ
ֱԲ䣬˵ⷨˣùʮΰ˴ˣ֮⣬׵ĺܡ
죬ƺһȦ
һӣڳ˲ӡӣ׷ʣҲһ˵ϷҲҪЩճµĲúŪ
ԲǼ򵥵ķ纮֢֮
ӣʵҲ֪Լں˼Щʲô
֮˯һʱĻһʱ
ֱʵȼ۾ĿʱƺЩãֱܿӣĿеʱһһ̣ĿкЦ
Ǽ˲ĸı䣬ӣͷ䡣
һˣʲôŻ䱸ˡ
ӣôС󣬳ĸû˭˯ʱһء
˵֣꣬սӣϥϵСְС
ЩȣȻȶδˡ
ƺʶԼʱڷȣ΢󲻶ɫķſӣƵ˲䣬ӣס֡
㻹ڷȣ
ɽȥ˿Ҫġ
죬һֱڷȡδʹǷʣƽִ˶֪һֱղˣǻճġ
ǿ׳֮ˣҲһղˡ
˵ֻǼ򵥵ķ纮ôҩȥΪû˿⡣
ҴСˣⲻһˡûϵġƺûʲô˵ĻļǶ
ӣЦЦ
һǿ׳أȴԭǸ廨ͷ
Ц
ƺ廨ͷĸͦ˳ġȴ֪ǸʲôͷǲƵģӣʾ˼вУƺҲûбİ취˵ʲֻѰ취
ϲʲô
ϻɡ


183 ؾ

һٰʮ±ؾ
Ȼ󡭡Ȼٴΰӣû˵Ц£ƺҲʶʱ̸Цʱ
ˣüģСơ
κӣν졣ƽ˵ɫǶӣԸ⸶ģҲֻӣĸԸˡ
ӣﵣģؾᣬһʱʵûзӡ
Ĳ֪ǽԵ
סίˡ
ӣɫգȻ˵һӶסģôסˣңǺЩġ
ôһ˵ʵЩա֪̾ӣû˵̡
ӣʵǸͦദĹֻҪǵ
Ժκ˺ƽ
ƫƫϲüԵСģҲϲģżģ̲סҪòò
ֲǻӵݣԻ֮һ
⵹ʵͷ
ָݣûôӿɿˡ㲻ãվ⾰ʮֶһģסһסҲƽ˼ҰȤ
ҰȤҰȤҹﻹ˳ϼֻҰζ͡ӣû˵ôطҹﴳЩ֮߳ģʵ
㿾ζ֪ɽҰΣ
ȻԣӣĴֱ̾Ϊֹ
ԽദԽĪ⡣ƺʲô֪ƺʲôգʱ־Ҳûеǰţһ澳ģֱ֮ɫӣǰʱıһģ
ӣҲץס͸ĸо
䲻ڡ
ãǴζͷӣ͡
ӣĵǣȴϳ˵һͨҰζĻ⻰ƫļֱƵһˡ
ӣǵͷΪҰһդ
ģĺãƽʱԵ̫Щ̫ʢ˲ҿ
ʱŲ;ݣ˵Եº˼֣֮ӣûܶмơ
ٻһ
ȻǷơ
ķ·һ磬ӣ³ʱվѾģ䡣
ϥߵҰûˣ¶վƽС·
ſȻˣɵĻŲգȰСԺʰˡ
ӣһһ
ȻһãҲԼҹӸϲӣסһԺ
κ˶ӰԼҹӴʱһռˣյôûվСһСԺ㹻ء
δ֪̱ͣһӦȫ
УȻװΡӣʱѾ˿ǵļˡ
ɫ޵֯ϰװ²衣
ϴþһӦȫ
¹ȹ
һɽˮ絲ڹԡ
濴䣬ڡǳǰӷԸū澴ϵġ˵ֻҪСõģšǸʮֺϸŮһ·û͸ֻƬֱǣſڸӣϲ
ǳѲǰҡӣǰƽм޶Ĳãһʱ治֪ԼǸøмδ֪Ϲǰһ̾ȻڵĳԴöȡ
ԭ׼
쿪ţԺͻȻĵҩģƺҲ̫棬ҹӼֱǡС
Ȼ֪èʲô
ⲻӣҪ˼
ǹϸУѹЩģǷ׼γţһ̬˵ӶСʮ⡣
㲻ظ˵ˡҹʲôӣһ᲻֪ҪֹϲʵǼ̫׵ˡ
㶡㵹ԡ
ԼҹӵĹû˭İĽ֮ġ
ֻԼҹ۸ڶй벻ۡ
ϣҲֻӣһԼҹ࿴ˡ
⻰˵̫ƫˡҼҹӻҪֹϲЩﶼ벻ùӵۣϣֻһùǣҶˡ
ӣЦЦûпڷ
ʵû˵ȷʵ˲ͬ
ӣܵʱǹⶺ
Ц
ֻǰ˵
ֻǡǶ˵蹵ô磬Ҳ޿ܿ
Ժ⣬
ӣ˼ȥ绨ѩµ黹ǲҪˣһһɡҪģư
ӣȥĵطԺӵСƫ
հѻ氲ӣʾҲΡ


184 Դ

һٰʮԴ
һǣӣСԺӻûʰʵڲ͡
վҲֻСƫдˡ
ΪдĿˣλ֮ʾеβ
һĻڱˣΪôӡһݣҲҪ
ʵûʲôѾɵˡɺλӱʵС׼ˡ
λȻӲʡ
ббڴߵϣҲ֪齴ģеļҾֱ롣Ѿģϻ˲
Եòײ齺ˣȴָһѹѹҴ
λӵģжλʮֲм
˵ֻΪµ̵ۣ
ȻţȴһҲ
ббţݲ԰ףĿ⡭ȴ
ʹне˿ΪӣǸŮ֮ҲѸȥ
Щϻ̳Ͽֵĸ
ֻǵƳһۣûпڡһԵķһƽĿڡضҪ˵ʲôܿڡҼҹӵһδʰ׵ʱЪһЪ
ͷ
ĵ˵ЪЪˣҲҶ˵һְ
˵ʲô
԰˵ʲôšСԡ﻽Աɡղ˸СĴ˵һȥׯС߹ǳЩȥɡСȥʰһʱׯʵڣʵ̤㡣
˵ͻȻ˫۾ƺۡ
Ще̧ͷֻλӲͷӣڱĿ񣬲ƺ˼֡
һҲûпűڷ
ӣ¶Ц⡣
ʵǸƢĹղֱ˶ϵĸоѵˡ
Ƿ򡭡
ȻڷһƺҲ̫⡣ʱվֻСƫԴˡ
ϾＸһֱʽ
ЩˣнҪ𼸸ľĻȥ
ǸԱ׼վȻķˡղ̤ʱһ̣ʵΰ
¡ģʲôʬûӣƢ˵
ʱڣټֶΡʰһʵҲ󡣷ͷһͷҲһ翴˰ɡ
ǡǸҲǸﰡСļҲиã͹൱ñǼֻҪ󺰴еġȴСʵѰСô˵ûд֮⣬ֻ뵽ӣżվ
ְû¡۵ӣ
ȷһġ
ӵһμӣ㿴ȷʵ
Ǹˡ
˵֣ôӭһʸ֦ģ߸ŵ˾ȻͦϿҡҲһ׮ˡ
ҺԼӲͬҲЩġ
ǡǾӣӦóЩȥׯʱˣǵӲСʱҲҶǰˣֻЩ
ȰӣЩȥȻӣݲ١
м٣һȥׯĵطοȥһجεˡ
лԴһ⡣һ磬ҺԴһȥׯ
һԴ磬ԽľӣǸദĹڳڶʵڮ֮ԡ
ҲáȻǱһ𡣲ֻ˻ЩСȥٻֵܣǹ
ŻһͬǰڷӣɷһһҲΡ

һ˼ʽǹĽ˶Ի˸ʼĩ
ҲǸƢģͦ˲ԼȥŻˡҪ֪ŵ֧ʹȥׯҪЦǻҪƷһء
ǰǧл
һ̱
ûӣ˵ȥԼҹӱҪˡ
ǿһĵķϣԼҹﶫ
ûˣҲˣҪӣæǰȥȻԥС֡
Сֱˣǿаߣϣŵߡ
ֱţһصģ
飬ʵĺӣֱӣ۷㶡ʵڲ֪ݴʱÿÿö࿴һʵ̷֣ʲôΪһµһȥ򣬹Ȼ
㺰ԵĴ磿
ͻȻѵࡣ
ݲӣ׽ֻǿףҲ
˵Ůĺ룬Ҫӣ˵ģĺءأ˵óŴûӰСǼľͷӣ̾ΪֹԴ磬ҺʲôѵֱΪ˰ˣӣʡ


185 ٸʵ

һٰʮٸʵ
֣Ѿ̧ˡߣԳԴȡֵ飬ҪƽʱŹӵļӣҲĿɴʱҰһӣô̫˵С˵ֱ۵ġ
ӣ̾ߵߣѱʱȫȣȴǱġĶͷ
ȵˡ
ӣҽˮƽ
ֻܣȴʲôæҲﲻˡ
ãҺԡղҲôġԺֻ硣
⻰һҩʮãۼ滺˼֡񻰣ԺҲߣҲ㺰˸硣Ⱳӣֻܺ硣
ġ˯һᣬһ㡣
ӣƬ̺󣬹Ȼ۾
ӣ۾ճյĿţȵ˯죬ӣһ󻺻
һûӣ顣
ӣǸƢĹᡣ±ԼҹϷŪҲӲǨŭڷһˡԲܺʱӣڷһǰ鶼ģкܳһʱ䣬һʮֻӣݡ
ô޸֮С
ֱͼֿˣȻֿӣķṦΰ˵һһӣǸڸյӡ
濴ǸڼСʵʬǿǷɱܶˣҲ治ɫȥ顣֮Ǹȫԯ޵Ĺ
ֱӣС
ʲôԸԼҹӣͬ
һ˶ĸȻӣԼҹеĵλӣʮֹ
绤ӣһƺ÷һ￩һӣϰߺԼҹһֱһһҲϰˣοһ֣ɴһݣһʮϲġ
էһӣȻ绤һֹסЩë
ʲôֻܷԸ¶Ľ
ֻҪһʵҹӵôˣ
ôһ˲䣬һϵ鼸̵ģܿ췴Ӧ϶𺩺Цֻżз纮Ȭﾡܷġ
⻰˵ʮȻƺҲûʲô⡣
Ļ죬ӣţǸɵѾͷ
һȻǱ˷ӣֻǼ򵥵Ĵҹ˺
һ켸ҩȥȴ˿ɫˣˣۼٶȥʲô纮ôӣ
ӣ뵽Ψһԭ򣬱顣
һп֪ġ
ʬģҲһ졭ҪҹʬԷһʵ顣
һӣ⻰˵һҲһ⼸ʵųѹƫƫֲܺ˭ôԸô졣
ۿԼҹһһա
ҽÿÿҡͷǸлгһԼҹӲʱᶪС֮顣һֱҪˡȻԼҹӶöӣ˵һ䡣
ӭӣ̵Ŀ⡣
һͨһӣǰ

ӣصʱûѣɱ۳˯šȻʮֲ˯Ҳüͷ
ȶˣ˫ȴԽıƺ޲
ӣȦԼСУһֻһֻôŬֻȺˣһֻˡ
ӣԺлŷһĻ
һϸ˵ֻ˵Ǵ̫ƽʱѾëÿģҪһ˵ڸҲǿѨ硣
һҪԹҩⲡŻת
ÿǰҩˣδǰƳٹ
ǽ꾩Ǳȫ޶
ûҩһҲֻԼҹȾȫյḶ́ʲôȵҩҲ޼¡ʲôҩ˭ģ
һ㲻ˡ
Ĳˣʲôӣÿ궨ʱһҪһƵҩܺת
ôж
жҽл꾹Ȼﲻ
һҲ˵Ҳ̫ƽѰҽ󣬸Ľ۳һ
˵飬ҩʯãΪˡ
̥ĲҩҲȲעܶ졣
ⲡʱһ㲻ӡ
һҲȥ̽ҩ֮ˣɶԷʮֽƻһĸ˼Σն޹
ԼҹʼգһƵģ
ƺ֪飬ɷһȺʹΣտڲ̸


186 벻

һٰʮ벻
Էһ²⣬Ҳ֪ҩ˭ģ֪ԼΪΪһҪضҩƺһж
һ˵ҩûǸǼ£վþеȨˣǨŭ
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ӣ˵Ǳǲ̫ƽġȻûϸ˵׷ʲôһǺ¡գͳǡ
֮ǰ˶֡
ԷԴҪЮ̫ƽʼĬĬš
꣬ھݷ˸˰̫ƽҳ֡
Ǽŭ˶ԷԷһŭ֮¶˽ҩŻ̶̼ʱˡ
ӣģЩ

һҲ˵ܵģ֪ҩܲͦ
쳹׺ˡ
һĽ˵ơӣһһ۾գҲգĿԼҹӣ̾һ˳ȥ
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ӣȻ˵㻰һֱߡ
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ĺܽȴӣԺĸ˷
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˻ΣӣյĺġżҲʡŲ˵С
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վǳΰһ죬ӣȥġ
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ӣɫ΢䣬ǿЦЦԼ¶ԶŪӣΪ֡
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Ȼ֮ǲǱ˴֮䲻ܡ
ȻɴδƭҼҰӣ˵βʣֻҪӣߣʹҲܡ
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ǣȷʵƭңֻǹŲ˵꣬¡㵽ʱҷʲô𣿡
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˭߽ͷһ𣿡
ҳ۾ῴⲡԲǷ纮л˵飬ֻ˵ԼֻǴҹ磬˺ܿá磬УǲǸСӡһֵε֪ͯ
ɵӣȻСӣСӣҵĿ硣ҿûᱡСѾͷȺá
꣡
㻹֪ʲôϵЦ⵭ȥ
֪ӣĴסġֻǲһ̣Ĵҡ
֪Դ̫ƽÿ궼Ҫһ֪һҪһ־ҩܺתǽ꾩ûҩ㲡Խôϼ죬±ġ췦ˡʼӣǿڳ˵Ѿ˿
˭˭㡣ңȥȥҪҩ磬˭㣿
۾գգ
ȻͻȻЦˡ
תתΣƽϡ
ɵ˭Ầҡˡ
ɲ𣿵ʱɲ
˵𣿴ӣӣǡǣǡҲˡҡͷ񶨡
ǣ¥ĻֲǴӣҸôö̫֮ƽưԣƽѵûжӱɿγεǣѵǶ⣿
ӣݵúԡ
Ȼǳ𣬿ɵģ
ӣԳЦЦ浱Ǹû¹𣿵ʱɻŵˡһֶֻĹɡĻֻǡֻеۺˣҲĻ֣ѵĸɣ䣬ԾЩڲˡ
ӣû˵Щġ
Խ飬ӣԽǵ
ղŻ˵һ治Ļ
ǡ
ȴûҡͷĬˡӣҲһ磬˭
תͷӣ
ʵڲӣСԴﶼװЩʲôһ˺Ҳ²⣬ѵòĵ˺𣿲µλֳϾ֪һЩ飬ǲµĵۺϡίʵЩˣȻĸ
뾩ǰСÿҩǡҵĸ


187 

һٰʮ
뾩ǰжͽҩĸôһ˲䣬ӣܿڡ
Ҳʳӡ
λƽУרĸ˸԰ӡ
˲ţӣĵڶӦԼˡ鲢еӡ
ôţ֪ʱҲšҲϻĸĸ׼ӺԼĺӡ¶Գ顣
ǸӣСʱȷʵҲЩࡣ
ɺͨ˼ҵĺӱȻŵġ
ʮ֮ĸ裬ҲڻӱٲǸĬĬŵӡĸڻĳĸ
ⱲΨһ̱ˡ
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̫ƽ󲻵£ұ㷢ˡʱֻԼȾ˷纮һֱɫֱˡӣȻշɲԼжˡ
ڻʼΡ
ûԼ˹ⱲΨһƵ˵ģֻҵģȥǸҹ
Ϊʲô
ǰΪʲôǸ⣬ҡҡͷ֮;Ǽϵ׵ĸ׵ôẦԼĶӡҲ뾩ǰĸ׻޵ʹķΣôתۼ䣬㽫˶ˮ͵ϡ
ûнҩΣ
˵ġֻˣ⵽ʲô̶ȣֻܿҩ֮ĺݵʲô̶Ȱɡ
ԣڴϣмƹˤ˼
ѹûȥԭҲûһݵĽ¡
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ᰵмӺԼĺӣҩʱ䣬úӷʹླصģӣǵһ
ҲʳӰ
Щ㰲ģֻܷĵȥ鰸Ҳµġ
һһһֱûнҩӼ죿磬ȥʸΪʲôģ
ɵӣЩ֪ΣʲôʵıҪһҡͷȴʲô˵ġԼĸ֪ʲôӡ
ٺݣҲΨһáġֻҪܰӣһתΣΪ
࣬ӣ˵ʲôοĻԵò԰ףҲҪӣοֻͻȻ䣬ҹɫӣµͷˡ
˵ˡ
зһӲڵܣȫһԵĸӣ
Ϊ˵ԼڡûУڣһɡЩܣԼʵ̫ˣһ˺һе㲻ôˡ
վǾ񲻼ãֻܿ˯ȥӣñȥ̫ܣһʱԴ۵ġ˰֪֪治֪ġ˵Ψһᱳ˱ĸס
ɵĸ׷Ǹ
ЩƺЩˡ
һ磬ӣ˵ҹշת࣬һҹδߡźԼȥׯӣϴ׵
㻹ֹʱ̫硣
ӣٶ˯һʱġӣϵľɫβסֻΪ۳Ͷ٣ӣû˯õԵʡ
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绤ôҴҵҼҹǳʲô£
һ˹أûܶסӣ׷ʣϢ͸¶ӣһϷһĵԼӷһߣʮ⡣һҹ
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һӣֱǸм㡭
ֻǴʱȴлӣġӡء
һ˶٣˵
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ǣСȥء
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Ҳ̫𾪣ʱܷʲôƽ͵Ӧ˰ɡ
Ȼû˵ӣ롣

̫أûʩҪһжڼϡ
ҪһС
ӣʵڲ֪ţĳʵûʲô
ƺһҲ
·УӣǸܵĹ


188 ·

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Ѫҽæӣ˼ȥҲֻ˸²ķӡΪҽϲ֢ģ
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ҺãҺӣ
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ӣʱƺ˯š
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ӣ棬һʵ˵ֻȴѳһﹻ˳ʺһ³¼ҵڡ
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ǹóûҿڡ
ǣһˡ
аӣֿţѹӣСš
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ֿɤŴһ·ϳЦЦǸ
СŵСѹǸա
šǰѽϣֲͷûҿڡ
Ϊֿ̫࣬һ·ϳ˼ΣûҵڵĻᡣ


189 װɵ

һپʮװɵ
ֱׯֿɭɭ壬ʵɳѾʧҲܽ˾֮ˡ
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Уӣ򶨵Ǹ
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ǰꡭǿϵĽӡǲЩ֣
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ʵǣܶׯǰķϵ״̬˿ء
ʵҲֹٸ
ϾҲ˵߲ܺࡣׯĴڣ̶ֻܴǰ衣


190 н޳

һپʮһн޳
ׯˣ˵ׯѾûͣˡ
ĹײĶ׼ġ
ʼиׯߣǰˣ֮ׯ㴦˿ص״̬С
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197 

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õһ֣ǶʩЧ򭣬ͳ
Щ֮˵Ŀڣģ˳ӣƣֱһá
ֹץЩСúһ󣬲ҲҪӺӣĻ֮ˡЩ˻ȥʡһҳĻֻ֡ȥʰ»ԸֵǱ
²ֹǷˣʮƺƵĸӣ
ơ
ӣƲԼٻɱᱻ˾֪
ڰҲ֪ôͻȻ÷һһҲδ֪ûзһ󣬽ͷĿ¶׶༪١
̫˵ˡ
ղ·ϣΪӣ˶ʮ꣬˵ЩǶǵĻ
ǹңʮҪġô岻ĸߣ档
ӣֻǳǳһЦûнʲô
ʱӣһȥˡ֪
һӰˣʲô
Ļںء
˼ӣĿɽһССӣ˼ҵĿɽ¡
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Һͳš
ʣӣһԲ䡣ʲô벻ģӣѡ
˵ˣӣǸǴʱһ뷨ûˡ
ӣǰ档
ңʾӣվӣߡٲȻԼ˸ࡣ
ӣʮΪˡ
ǰһǰһı̫ˡ
Ǵʱѿˡ
Ȩ֮أȨƲڵһλġ


202 

ڶ
ܣⳡƴơ
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Ǻ۸ġ
˵׼֮ˣǸͨģǶˣҲġ
ЩΣҲ뵽еɡǰкˡǰҹĲ죬˾ơӦһʷˡ
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ҪǸ󡣡ȥͳ飬ôɸͷ
ֻӣʵڲӡ
˼ǣضῪڣҪиɷӲźð
ӣҡҡͷϵ
ֻǲò¶棬ӣ˵ѾС鷳ˡ
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Ҫȴۡ
ܶˣҲ
ֻǽաаڵ̾ߣ֪ʲôʱҲ˳ȥôһӣټһһΣʵûʲô
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ųźˡ
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˶ͣȥͷ·ţ˵ˣ㼷ǰȥ˳֡Ȼ㱻ָΪˣΡ
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һؾ졣
Կ
վǱģѯңʱͦнġ
Ȼ䣬ȴûп˵ʲôĻֱȷֻӣˣ˲ԭα¶
ô˶ɫˣȻŮң
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䣬֮¡ɫ䣬ϼ䣬ɺôǶſϳģʵ˵ʲôԻ
Ҳӣ񡣡㻹벻
ûɱˣƾʲôӣͻȻ䣬ǰһ塣
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һһԵԽˡ
¶ЦԵȻûЩ۴ʱԵҲδֹһΡ
Ǩŭ
㣬ʵ㡣СҺ
ǵ͵мЦЦ仹ڰһƤ
첶ͷͲûѾζˣûȤˡ
ʲôãûӡ㻹ǺͷɡƤˣòͷɽǡ
ֻܸʰ·硣
ɵÿӣٴԼûܲ˵λ
ԸһѪ
ڿӣҲӣ
ȷʵӣѵĺܣϲŨױĨĹĶЩںӣͻȻǾͦĿġɫʼյģϼ޾⣬Ҳûж֮⡣ôԲܵͻȻЩн
Ūʲô
ӣڣƺЩ޴룬Ŀ⿪ʼ
ʮֲƵ
ʬģһСԵģ㵱ɵ𣿡
ȷʵǸպȥׯŮ˵ʬ廹ûᣬⶼˣѾ˰ɡЦ
ζȷʵͦ£𣿡һ֪ôӦӣͻȻ俪˿ڡܵҲʮƽ׶˵ôؿζĻ


203 ֮

ڶ֮
Ů𣿡Цʵ
ȥׯûţ˱ǡҼ֤Ůһ̾ߡӣûԹԵ˵šʱһ֮ɫǺܿ죬Ĳͷӣܿ˵
ӣ˵ͻȻ˶٣ȲģȻʵ
ʲô̾ߣ
ŮǰΪָ֤㣿
΢䣬Ѿû֮ɫ
˭ֲ֪ʶ
ɹ𣿡ҡͷййôô໵ˡһСѾͷƭҡ
йŮھվߡĻӣ˵Ҳƽֱ
ԽԽ˾ͷƤ飬Ѿòҿˣһ˫۾´
ԭǲµģ飬ټӣ
ﲻɵҲЩëҿԽģ죬ôëֱء
ӣ첻£ز¡
˵ʶۿ˽͹ҩܸм㡣
ɫ䡣
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Ϊʲôָ֤ң֮ܲԩʵ
Ϊţԩġ
ƺûϵӣ˵ԩ
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ĳ
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ӣڳµĲϣǳҪ·˵ûһһҪԩѾɱˡ
ＴûҲûôйأϼΰİҲţأһõĻҲû˵⣬İӣǲʣʱȻٲñӰӣ˴һ٣ˣ׷Ȼй
Ӳ֪ʣӣ
ֻ˵˼仰ȻһԵĿڡ
ȻҲܱ򶯣Ǽ¡
лУһȻῪڡȻ¶Ȼ֮ɫ
ǣµĲСһҧɡ´缺ˡ󣬽ֶһġ
бָ֤ԷͼֻǸݻơԲȻɳ
ǷݲԸȾϹ˾˴ˡڴҲ˼ƽϵġ
ߣȴΪ
ģֻϸϸʬ壬ϴɡéʯͷֳӲģĿġ
򡭡Ǹá
СЩˡټϹҲֻǵÿ죬֮ڣһҪҵףȻҵĳǽ
֪Ⱦƺͦء
λиô
˭ѹƳֻǿ쵶ն飬ӻԼǰⰸӸƣһס
ʱκˣǷġ뷨޿ɺǣӣȴʮִֵ֪Լ⣬ȴûÿơ
ֻҪһ۾ͻ뵽
뵽Ѫɫ
뵽Ų壬ķԸһ¡
һУΪܸЩ꣬Ҫʲôر


204 

ڶ
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ͷѾɵӣǲйˡ
йҲԼ
ţҵﲻʶ֣֡û飬ֲʶǰˮ֡ҵöˮˡΪȥϣҼһԴ˺ұһ
ǰ˸ӪһҽСпķݵơʱҲҪͲˡȷʵ֪Ůգֻ֪סһҳмͲ˽լڳ¡ǼҳǸʮ˿ģķĸǡ룬ŮӿǼеңԾ۸
ҲǶܵ£ǰΪʲô˵Щֵʵ
ˡ
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ڣӣ˵
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˵ŮӱԼ޷ȫ
˵Ҳ֣ԼǰĲ󡣶ϸ䣬û˵ǺͳһģȴҰеܶ档
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Դ̫ƽƺҲûʲô¡
ʳ˵̫ƽҸҲӳ档
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Щµ̫ƽСǰմӸ˰ơֱܣЩҲˡʮ֮ڣ޺еĶԡ
һȵ̧ͷӣ
˵ģ
ֹˣ̫ƽҼ䡭ķ䡣֮ˣж񱨡
?̫ƽλҵ̫үƺµѪסҲ̫ƽеԭ
ӷͬοһס̫ƽ̫ƽҵһУһ֧ӹܣǸ֧ѡģƷ
֪λĹΪͬ˵ôࡣ
˵ÿһ仰֪
ˡ
̫ƽˡ
ֵˡ
ֵǸճµˡ
ΪθЩ
Ůӳԩѩ·ԸӦӦ
òš
ԼȻҲб˿еһ졣ֻǸС졣
Ҳֻǿӡһ죬һƽľĸ
Ҫȥߵˡ
ֱֱţԼһΡ
ֻҪԸϵɽ»𺣣
ӣͷ
ӣΪҪôСССô
ʮǰľɰǲڣҲ鲻ʲôüĿֻи˿ڿʡ
õѡ
ˡо֮˵ʱȻŮӰ͹ҩɼǸġ
ӣǸ֮š
ס˵Ļ鷳ȥһǽⰸӽһᡣ


205 

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һȣΪӣҪųµġղЩ̿ͣɿ±ͳѲϵóͶôôҪ
ӣûϸ˵
ӣӣ˵ֻ׮Сӡ
Ŀڹѡ
ҪҲǲôһСе
ȻɣɻȥˣĵҲλľһС
ﵱܻף
һף㱾׵ġ
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ܻ˼Ҹġ
ȻѧҲ֪ˮ֮ӿȪ౨Լĵþȣ˼ҵġûʲôñԹģһ˭һģοǰС￴Ͳ󣬿˵¶͸ŹλߵƣҲԼĸݡ
ţ¹ֻԿڴ֮Ӵ˺ǹˣҪʱȥ
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۹һˣҪǱҪ˴һӢĪʳȻ㲻Ӣۣ⽲ľͷͼֿе
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ĺܿ죬ʵŭ⣬Ҳйߵ;أˡ
ֱӣһˣ˵ǰʼĩѾüĿˡ
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·ϣ˵˼䡣ӣ˸յķӡ
򲻼ݣἸ仰۾ˡȻͲӣԼ֪ȫˡ
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ѵ˵ģ˸ա
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Ѿ֪ȥŮӵݡ
ֻǰ֤
ŽʱѾƽˣӣ۵С۵Ķţƺʮֲʱ
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Ǹ뵽ԼȻױһ˵޹⣬Էء´ˣʰ
Ĺƨүᡣ
㡭졣ƽ֣óһӣ鷳ʵû뵽ֱǸ첻ߵġڳԹôѵء
Ȼɫһ
ճµֻУԩģ
ٿƤˣ˰
һһ顣һļǵģ³һŭ֮£Ľⰸӣʵˡ׷ң⡣
´ˣ顣¿Ƣƽϣʵʧݡ
һʱ²Ҳʲ¡
ӣˣִ̣
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ԽԵ
ǸǳӣҲֻһ
ۿӣЦǸëСѾͷʰ


206 ϵ

ڶ¹ϵ
Ҳգϣٲƽϡ㲻ӼƽϣӻҪƽءûɱˣƾʲôӣδӴİ
ʰ㲻ʵйȻҪ̡ѵҪóԺúȹ㲻ɣ
ûɱ㣬ʲô
ҳף
ٿĵ˾ǸԻӣȳȥҲûʲôϵ
ʵڷΪһӣ
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ӿƸӣʵȻѾ֪桭ֻһһˡ
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Ȼ´˿Уѵ⣿˵Խ޴ˡ´˲ɡ
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ĻĶӣ˵ˡ
ҡͷʾԼ⣬ʲô
ôëѾͷȴθѿӣѾѹˡ
аģһӣЦȴʮֺͰӣĿҲͣǳڿ
ӣͳ˴ӶԷж
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л㲻ˡ·ƽҪ˰εġ֮Ͱˡ
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ǸССƫƫӳ
δգëСѾͷӵΡ
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ӣһҲӣᣬĿԴֱǴ﷢
һȽ˳ӡ
ƹڴкˣʱһϲɫǴʲô磬Ȼѹ˹ˡʱСӣ˼ҵķ˺Ͳʡ˽ղСĲҲҪԼ
˵ͻȻһ͡
Ϊӣӣһڲۡ
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ӣƾ첻ɡ
ʵǣܡ
ֻҪӣᡣ
˵죬ǰͱҲĳ


207 ҵԴͷ

ڶҵԴͷ
ǳƹĿղͨһڵء
ҪʲôС֪޲޲СǸݵˣǳţڳҳ̵ͯۡ
ҪһﱰϥƹȻ֡յʾ⣬Ļͦصġ
˭ǹȻСе㶪ƹ졣
˹͹žһͨ˵ĸͷϿְǺ˻ˣҼҹжᡣʱȻ÷ֵ¶ˡ
ղŽΣıѾܲˬˡ
ڻӵĻġⲻ𣿡ˣСԩСֻ˼СӣʵСӪɹƭֲۿ׿͡λͻȻ˴ССʵڡϻ̳Ͽֵĺܰ
ƹƤӹĥĲ
Ҳ
ƽĻǰʮС
ԼҲһΡ
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Ľڵڳ֮ʱ³һ־飬ҲóԸЩ껨ȥӣܲܰ׻ƹ
аĲ֪ء
ʱ׽ӣɳ֮
ûɱˣѵӣƽԩ˲ɡֻҪûºԻӣ
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ͻȻЩƯ޳г˰籣һȦȦϣƺֻҪһͻᱻ˶סǡ´ˡСģСԩ
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û뵽ֵܸǱ
̫ͻˣӣҲһͷһһͱˡˡ
ӣɨܣСֿһӡ͹ٳϵǣҲѱƽ
ɼλƹʮóӪ滹
һǣǸСš
ͨԺǰ̺ݵģǰ⣬ǺԺסƹļˡ
˵μŮӣںԺ¡
ƺЩ֣ȻʶģӦҲ֪Ϊǣɱ֮±ؽСͻȻѵʶ¶
ӣоλƹֻǵĺ¡
ƺûʶ˵ĿġЩ˵ͨˡ·ͷӣֱֱͦġƹͳʱĿбӣһ˷еģӣĵ⵹ͦ
벻ͨģôơ
㲻ǸСôܽҼҵĺԺԺﶼŮ졣λǲܽȥ´ˡѵǿլ𣿡
ҼȻҴҵĵƹ㻹ʵЩĺáӣڿˡ
ǿȴŵƹɫסʵӣŵĻ̫㡣
ǸղϮ󣬷һµģͿʼ׷ģɱˣѪģϣȻЩֻ֪ӲŲ۲ͬ
ֻһӲۣ㹻ƹ˫ˡ
Щӣǰ鲢ӣһڣЩ˲䡣
컨ҶģЩˣӣгһ߹ȵĴǧ


208 ֮

ڶ»֮
ƹȻҿˡ
ӣǰηηĸں档ʱǽã˲á
㷴ӣྶͥᷴԼʹӣץ
ƺԴģһֱơʲô޷ŤתԼ·ĵλ룬ջ̧ӣ
ҪۿӣӣҪô
ӣ˷ĺƬ̣ǵԺʱѾиŮ˲վԺУͷġ
ǼˣȻҼҺԺǸǱᱡȥһȥſڸǡ
ӣһֱ仰һƢƷΣܴϿһģ˵λź⣬һͲǸƢġƺͦŮˣɵˡ
Ƿģ𳳼ܣӲ䣬ŲŮˣֻˡ
ӣӣȻҪӣʿ䡣
ǹӵĹﶼ㲻ϡøơ
⻰̫ˡ
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šʲôʲô޹ء֪Ҳþ⸱ݡԸСĹݣҲһƬ½ǡֳ󣬿˾͵θڡ
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һһɨ㣬ҪԷĶ֡
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ĵͷһתһ̣˰ӴһءŽʹ
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Сڡﱻˡ
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ļ˶ǿ¡
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һʮʱĸʱǹŵġ
¼ʱʱҪźˡ˶˲ˮ޹ʱ
ƹߣƹǸڵġ
ҸݱɣֻҪƹȥһΣڶ죬Ҫ췣ƹȻңʼղ顣գ⣬ƹֳڵͷͬ˰ѻ﷢ˡ
ﱻ죬ƹ˸
ҼҷֻǼʻòẦ˻ģλͳ´
ҳ˵ƹһĻҰܡ
ƺҲ֪֪ʲôкˣ˻βҷ


209 

ڶһʮ
Ƿ޶ôһλĹǻġƹĻʱһ
ʵ˭ףӢ̻˼ʵ̫ˡĲף䵽Уһ仵ġҲǸģʱӿͷϴ
ֱԼĴ
»ȴûܱ
Ϊˡ˵˵ȥһҧ֮Լ޶޹ء
λӣ˸Ƶģƹֻ֪һζĵͷǡ
˼䣬ƺûˣתӣΣ
ӣ鵭Ŀ飬ʵӣĿһҲǳǾӣǶԼļ֮⡣ǿװƺҪ߽ˡ
һ̣ӣתĿ⣬תͷȥСԺ
СԺ󣬿ɿǵٽֵλãλƹЩҵףֳǰֻǿڡ
λϴҲʮַϿŸֽӣͷŵĽεӣ۾ۡΪղһͨãƺԺеǶˡСѾͷĸʹӡ
ôСԺô˷š
ӣһЦϴûԵ޹ʵĺޣ֮ˣȻƹ˵ǰ¡
ƹǿѻ̻֮أֻЩȱѾͷġƵûû˻·ɥ֮¡
޶˶Ի֮ѾɥˣȴƫҪԼǸˡ˷θĽƹ˵Ц˵Դӻסң÷˲ӣǷ󣬲žѻȥǮ˼ҵѾͷҲֲһ
ƹʵЩס
һˣƺǸСΪס
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ǡ⻰ȷʵ˵ģʱֻܵͷ
ЦˣЦʮǷ顣
ָָ̧ˣǼѾͷӡҿͷͷϵĽϵޣһۣҲֵðٰʮ󸮵ѾͷӿҲʮ־ӴѾͷõʲô֬ôԶŵˣƺǳǼϴ֬ġѾͷõϵȵ֬Ϊ˼˻
⣬⣿
ˣҼҷˡҼҷ˿ҳ֮ġΪӣֻΪ˴߻۲ĲҲʱͷԮɷ
ԭˣǹȴƹĺѾͷǾ壿
ƹɫ䡣
ֵ˵ʲôʲôѾͷ壿ûе¡
ѵǣ֬˵ʮһСҵҪһʣļҵѾͷʮһе֬ƽѾͷҲֻüʮǮһе֬µ֪һССĳƹҵѾͷȻѾͷٱ
ĵ˼ˣѾͷó裬ôõʮһе֬
ȻһѾͷһۣȻء
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鵽һüͷ⿴ƶһͷһ鳵ʻʵڲ⣬ȥҲûʵص㰡Ǹױȥ
֪طҲȥ¼ҡ
¼ҲסӣΪλڴˣҿӣƺżʳ¼ҵ¡
Ȼǿ⣬Ҳ㹧ԺǱǡ
˵ǰѻȥ
ˣСʵڲ֪ջﱻĻ˼ҡƹĻش𲻳˵ϡ
ղŲ˵Ҫи˼𣿾Ầ̻֮𣿡
ɫһ䣬ȳ
ƹһܿ췴ӦСĺ˻𣿻̻֮裬Ѱ𣿡
ֱɸ֡
ǰһ㹻ˣǾʲô˼ֱ㡣
ʲôв裬Ѱ˿ڣôҲԼѰ
ı̵⣬ѵûһЩ𣿸ղᵽ϶Ѫ
ﶼǽɡ
ѾмƹˡһᱻԼ
Ǳıţҳ֮ΪƹΪΪƯѣƹ񼸺̤ҴԪɽӡӣ⧲ʱڣƹʱԺһƬΣûƽľĻӦӣ
ֻǱܵĵͷȷʵȥܶط
Լ֮վȽŸҲȷΪԼѶʱ˵ʽ


210 й

ڶһʮһй
Щѻ˼ڹ嫾ѵʽ
ϲѼʽͨϳһѡ
ƹҲ벻ӣΪʲôʣƺͻ޹ذȥܶطȷƹʮֵ֮£Ҳûʲôġ
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ԥĵͷ
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ıƹĻرƹҲˣģڷһķϣûб٣Ϸ
ˣ˰Ƹơ
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Ū˰죬ԭŮ˳ڼʣıС檡˰Ư
ӣü˾ⰸѾˣ
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ӣҡҡͷȻ˰кܶɵ㡣
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ںδ˭˽װУִЩδ֪һ㡭ôĶ˻ƹһ㲻֪𣿳´ˣʱ򣬱˿Ҳδס
ˡ
ӣɻƹ񡣡ǲǹͱٳ˵ƹΪʵƫҪΪɱ֣
ˡֻǲĿҲˣжң
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㻳ƹɱ˻ȻʬˮСǲȥģׯ˭ѵҲСƹ񣿡
Сδء
Ǹׯ֮ˡ


211 ˹İ

ڶһʮ˹İ
ְʵûʲôѶȡ
ƹԾִ󷽣ΪѾͷӻؿƿģһʵ㲻ʲôӣֻǼ򵥵û˷ֱߣ˵˾˭˭Щ˾ȲĿʼҧˡ
ȻֶҲ˭˵ŵġ
ֻҪ򵥵ĽԱȣױֱܷα
ˣ˵ͬĻûд£֤ʾͿԲˡ
ͬˣ˵ͬĻ˸֤ĸʾͺܴ˿š
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ӣʵѾԶ϶ƹǸʵݶ֮ˡʵʵܶˣǴԽǿԽǽС΢ԽǶ񶾣ԽɥĲ
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ӣµˣҾ㣬ŶίΣ㲻Ϊ˺ͱ£ϰ飬ԩ޹֮ˡִˣƴһҲҪ½ԡеˣĺڸΣȴܰѻ˵Ȼ
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˰Ѵ˰ڸڷ䣬֤Һ˵Ļֻһ㣬˲ܿڡǲСķŵˣֻʵ»㱨˺ƹйᣬԴ˹ƻӷ
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Ѱ˸λһλ˸վӵף˾ܿ죬ֲ˼̻ˡ


212 鼦

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ΪӣѾǼӡ
ƹλֵķˣνӡ̡
λ˵ıʮ˵ãܾ٣ڳһʵֱ̳¯ࡣ
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ǣܿ췢ˡ
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˱˰ǣٲˡӣҲŲæ˸λ
Ȼ۾գҲգĿˣֱλ﷢ëȻſڡ


213 

ڶһʮ
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214 

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ʵйʱ䲢á
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»֮£Ҳһ׮ıµƹһ˵ù˵ùԭ򣬺ˮĿ˿ڡ


215 ˶

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216 ϲ

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217 ʼ

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˺ܾãҪΪ˶ҡϣҲҪְɡ
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218 ҳ

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²ҹ꽥ҷżˡҵĹ㣬ңȨң˼ҵŮ򲻻һйԼӵģֻ˶Ρ


219 л֮

ڶٶʮл֮
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ɼȻȻҪ̹Ȼ档
лᾫ˵±ôδҹִҪȥӺСµһ䡣Ȼʶҹӣ֪˴Ϊǰʵ棬һ䣬»ȥȰһȰĸ˻СҼСһǴ󡣡
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ɾ˶Լ˶ạ̊́һ˵ҪСЩġ⻰¶У˺ңٲҪᡣ̫ƽУģδΣ㲻˵˰ɡ


227 л

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230 Ĭ

ڶʮһĬ
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ƺԶǰƺԶһ㱡

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ɾ񲻼ãӣ˵˼͸ƣ֮ɫ
ӣۣɳ⣬ҲûԵķֻܰܿһȥĥĶ
ӣڣлȴޱģȫ§
ֱ֪޲ԣ޲ӵĳ̬ѧ࣬ѧ˸ʮʮ


231 л

ڶʮл
л˵ʱ˿ŭ⣬л껹ӣԹ˵λ̫Щ
֪˴ӣ⣬Ȼ˿ŭ⡣
ǲǡ
µĻлȻû˵ӣҲס
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лֺӣ˵ԼĸΪ´󶯸λл껹ǻȥˣѾţ˵˸ɮɣҶѣһɢ԰áȻ˵ʮֿ
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йＪԣֻȴüĸֻ֪´ĸлСļ޽ңǿѻѨˣԸһӣҲԸ뱲ȻʹЩɳʹʹһ׵ġ
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᲻˼Ȼû˸ǰ˵ģ£˲ݣ̧ͷӭЦЦ
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Σθı䲻ˡ
ܵĻ±ǼˣҲһʱƬֻ̣Ҫںһ壬ʱˡ
ǸǳԲǴӡ
ӣǰ²鿴ɫ没ݣɫѿҰס
ϵЦ⣬֮ˡӣˡ˵ֻȡЦ䣬ᱡ¡
ֹøأ֤ںת
磬ҩҲˣôת
лûĲ˵˵л꿴û˿ֲ鵤Чô죿
ǲܾҲ㲡ȥһЩҲʶҽ㲻֪ҩЧӵʱҩȥʱôҲҪʼЧˡⶼ˶ٸʱˣ磬ǲң
ҡͷ
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һӣǶٲҪƶ켸䣬ǽ죬ȻԹԾ֡
ҷġ


232 һŭ

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Σƺӣټ⣬ܿת˻⡣
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ӣһȨڣһ롣
ĻִȰЩȻûʲôôȫ鼦źţȵûʲôζ


234 Ȩ

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ҲãҲգʱ򲢲˵־Ϊ׼Ҫڳʱɼ
⻰ֱ˵ȨĿϲҲãҲգЩȴòȥӣ˵ɼɡ
ǰһ̻ЩʧûиԼǴʱȨúӣ̸
֣ٵĹ¡˵֮ʵڲⷬۡ
ӣԼ⼸鼦ȫ䲻˼ҹ߳ټ档ڨڨЦЦȨЩ̾ΪֹЩҹӣСڸʦĥ³࿴ʵѡ
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ӣ¶֮ɫ


235 Ȩ

ڶʮȨ
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ء
Լ˱ƵңѵƴǸӲɣ


236 ټʫ

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ӣУ䲻󣬿ɸеĶС
иСױ̨и͵СԲ߰Բʡʫصԣ춯̧ͷӣƺҲ⡣
ӣǿҪܽһ£Ӧǳ˰ɡ
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ԼӣʫҲûԵŭ⡣
ֻǵƳӣһۡ
ӣЦЦҲʫԼλ¡ȻڡڲʮǰŲҰ
ʫһû뵽ӣȻ˿ĨǣֱӾôһ仰ʫɫʱˡʮǰ飿ʲô²飿ʮˣʬǶó㼴ʬʲôãѵһѰ׹ܸ˭ɱǲɡ
ֻһ䣬벻ҵס
ʫ۾ӣЩ˰ĸĸãǰһ컹úõġ
ֻһ.ҹҲΪؼŵĴС㣬ɹŮ
ֻҪ룬ʫ޲ýʬΡ
ؼұ˭ҲڱŰǵжĺޣ
еĺޣ޷˵ӣʱȴ벻ҵסȻ룬ζ롣
ʮˡʫŻҵף˵ӣҵס
мִʶļɲʾƻʮǰؼذ
뵽ףĵ˱𡣱ʵشҡҶʲôΪʲô뿪뿪ġΪ仨¥
ʫӣֱڽ˰̡
ʵ⣬ԸġҸΡܱ֤ҵɱ˵ӣ֪еС£ʮǰİӣҲĵΣǲ֮ӣҲ㣬ңⶫ̫ϡˡ
Ҳ˵ʲôȰ㡣㸸ĸ˱ҳؼŵף㽫ղʵʵ档롭Ҳǿ󡣾˵ģҲ׮ӣȫǶһ١


237 ʱɵ

ڶʮ±ʱɵ
˰޼νҲĲǸİˡ׮ӣҼȻ֪ˣץסԭΣɱվҪؼҵŮ㶼Ը㸸ĸԩһСŮʲôˡȻԸҲǡ
ӣ˵꣬ԥ
ʫɫ˼䡣
ӣżǰͻȻ˿ڡ
ã˵Ҷ˵㡭ҳɱ˵סҸĸھȪ֮¿Ŀ
ӣתʫѾᡣЩڸ˲˹ܶʱòԼݡ
ҪȻڻ¥ôãؼҵճС㣬ױĸǰʮ꣬Žʳӡ͸ŮȺѾͷ棬νַſڡ
ģĺãؼҵļ
ʮ꿪ʼ½ס
СһһһǸº͵ģĸų˼ִСĽ
ֻһ֣βһӦţӲ˵ݡ
ĸϲһ浽һףҶ¡
Ȼ˵Ǹ¡ĸ˵ؼҵСĳ˲۸
ÿȥң˶Цӭˣʮֿ˶˵˲ãССʫУǸʮֺˡ
ʱҲľãܵ˺ʱ˴ԴŮΪ˵ԼûŮʮУ񿴵ԼŮ
ΪԼⱲӻ޸һ
ͬĸװദһŮȻ޾ٰüһ
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ͻһϦȫûˡ
ؼҵ棬ׯЩؼҵļҵҲͻȻ䱻ðĲ֪ݹϷִؼҴС
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ոʧȥĸҪ˰οʱԶǵվ£ĿĿյЦ⡣
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Ҫң˰βһధӦ˴Ӵ˺úö飬ƾһС
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ʱһ˵ʱ
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Ӵ˺ÿңԶԶ㿪ǸСԺ
գȴòסǸ˵СԺҹŵĲ˯ô۾һ.ҹߡ
һ춼ˣһˣۣٴȥˡ˸ӣ˵顣
һȻԺӲãȫӦøԺӣȴֲˡ
οӷһСȰ̡ǳףٷˣȻܺסһˡ
οҹﲻһˣ㲻ˡ
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ֻԹԵĳԺ˯
ҹף־£ܳߡ죬һٴȥˡ
һһȥĸסϣҳסܾó׺ұٷˣ˱㲻˴ˡҵʱľǸ÷ӡ룬ʱʵ̫ɵˡ
һʱܸˣ˵˴Ӧˡ
תҹʮձǳסֻӦˣڳǰٺҼ棬ҪŶ飬ȡƾܸС
һ룬֮ҵӻΣ
ʫ˵ԳЦЦЦԼ棬ҲЦһɵ
ʱɵһ𣬾Ȼÿ컹ܹͦ졣ʫԼʱһǻ˵ġˣÿԼ㵽֮󣬳£ûټһɶһϢҲȫȻ֪ǸӺܸ˺˵һ
λӳΣʫ˳ޡ
ŲμӲʶļҹӹ
һԼΡ
ڣʫһܷ˵⣬ʱȻմմϲԼϲôܻӭ֤۹ⲻס
ʧȥˣľʱһһУ֧룬ûһҪôʮʱ֤һ¡Ǳǣ˻ϣ˭ܻΪΪԼˡͷһᷢԼʱֱˣֱƵϳɵˡ
Щ꣬ƺһֱδ䡣
ӣһ˵˾乫ʮδȢѵ
һҲǴһ˵ϣʶֱʵˡ
Щӻӵģӣһģֱèһϡȱ


238 ۻ

ڶʮ¶ۻ
ʫЦЦ
Ҳ֣ôһĸףȻһֱӡʮǰôɵʮȻôɵʫȻ˵һɵȴᡣ
ǰżһ£лҵŮһ棬лסʫһֱ㡣ʮ꣬δֹͣѰ㡣
Σʮ꣬Ҳûҵҡ·֮Ҳǲһ¥ʮǰ߰ȻһӵؼҴС㣬ʮȴ˾ɷĻ¥ŮӡҲңѹһԸ¼
ӣ̾ʱһ޹ǵ
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㲢ϣҵ㡣ʵҵ㡭ʫңΪʲô뿪ң
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ᣬʮǰѾˡֻʫԺͷơ
ʮǰһҡźܶΣһԴҵʱܸˣҼҵѪһֱûϢкܾûмһˣߡǸӣÿҶߴߴ˵ЩǶǵĻ
һˣеίûˡ
ͭǰϽΣĸңСͺϲңһֱҵŮ
ʱܸмˣԼûһԼĸסǡӰеˡȻɫͻȻһ䡣
˵Щζһķ׼ġ˵壬һ塣ҵٷˣһҪţһҪ黭ԾһҪóһҪԹ˵ʫһЦ
ǰһ
ǡϲҪ޸һȴ˵ѾˡٲյؼҴСˡѾ޽ˡ˵סң˺ܶ鷳ۡ˵ңֻԶСԺУ㲻˵һȢӣ˵ӡ꣬һҵͨѾͷͨѾͷҼֱ̫
Ȼʮ꣬ʫЩѵ
ЩӣȨһѾ˽⡣
վʫġ㲻һȥһĸΪһ𣿡
ǣҹұ㿪ԺȥһԤϵˡ˰·ءв˵ٺ֣㽫ӳңͷΪˣҺôؼС㣬Ȼҵ䣬ҾίԼΪһССͨѾͷԸ仨֡
죬˰ϲµӡѾͷæǸҵӸң˵һҪȢˡȢȻҡһΪҡһиӳǸСԺҵһҰĸҹ˵Ļһһʮš˴ӦȢҹšȥˡ
Ӧ˵ʵġ
ǣ˸Ȣҡ˵ŽʱĵȢңɱֻ֮ܡҽȢԶһãңȹ꣬ˣȢš˱⣬˵ƽޣһǸƽıƽƽִСȻһӣĹֱ̾Ϊֹ
ΪöȢ˳ϱҲǽʾ֭ˡһ洵ΪһδȢأ뿪ģ
һοң˵ֻȨ֮ơΪ˱ҡΪ˱ҡΪ˱ңӦôȢҽţҳٷˣ˭ᰵҡ˼˦ңºͶӽôԸ
һ׵ǰ졣
ʫ˰ѻԼСԺˡ
һԼӰˣӵ·ҴҴӺԺӳԺҡ
ѾһҡѾûػҵ뷨
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ҪһΪ֪ҪһǣĿĴﵽˣһȻܾ¡
ʶģ֪汳ʲô𣿡
ǵ˸ʶġʱ޷ģһĵĸû뵽ȻǸĵģԵԺӣƤҲûӿĽ֡
ʵʱѾνˡûؼңҾǸŮ޽Ŵ󻧡ֱǳ룬ʹҺԺְ˽ףĻʵʵӡ뷨ӣҳǸƭҵĸˡ
ҵ棿


239 ʫ

ڶʮʫ
ʫͷ
ҲżȻϳġǰȥңҲԶԶ档ϳҲֻǸŮˡиŮһ͡ºǹҲԺ
Σ
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ǡǼΡ꣬Ҳల¡ֻҪ뵽ǸƭҵŮˡûӣѵʰһΡ
գʫͨ¥Сɱ˼ΡȻ޻档
ΪʫǾʶҲͬĬˡ
գǱӣʶơ
޵ˣҪӦȥˡڼΣĸףĸѾˣֺαһҪ˼ӣЩ̾
ǣ޵ˣҺ޲ðǧС
Ҳ޼ΣӼεáƺ˵ʲôοҵֹҡѾԹˣٴصޣΪǿҾΰҵĻᡣ
ྐྵȻġ
һʱ䣬ӣҲֻܸ̾һ컯Ūˡ
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Сʱô߰ɴʱȴǸ볾ˡ
ѾǸ磬Ѿûˡ
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ӣʫһᾡ
ʫֺӣ˵Щؼϵ£ȻؼҴС㣬ɶڼ֪Ĳֻ֪࣬ؼҪ̡е̶ÿԪ
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Ӧ棬ÿײŻҸױǸ̶ӵģ游ʮ쵽ˡ׿ӱ޸ϻ游١롭Ҹһ̵ҸһֵܡõϢ󣬸ϻ˵ĺ£ġҲҹңֻʱһ˼޽ңûкһ뿪
ΪģʮǰؼˣŵӡһҪϸЩвһɱ˵֣һйϵס뵽ˣҪС°ûʲôͷֻܳ˿룬һ顣ܸ˿ġ
л㡣
ӦúҡңʱԺͷءû˼ΣΨһĻˡ
Ҳ㣬Ĳޡģհ¶ˣǻҸóܵġֻǺĽ㡭˵ĳҲáܺӱȼ磬ܵ¿Сӣǿٱ
ʲôҲָߵ͹УؼС㡣
ллллûҡԴҽԺЩҡУҲǸˡû˭ʹǰ˭Ҫʲôֻҵ෹ǲʵˡͦõġİˣ˯Ⱦˡ缸ʶͺˣҲ㲻ߵһˡ
Ҳ١֪ģʵҡؼҵİӡй桭Ϊ丧Ϊһ·һ˰㣬ͬ˱ͬ飬ȴΪ첻ˣʲô˵ģдɡתҵġ
ʫĵͷ
ӣǰ˵ҽĸϲ
ӣͷЦŵͷҵš
ʫصͷ
ӣվѵʯС·ϣǶǵĻ㣬԰ﻨˣкڻϷ
ӣž泩Щ
ʫ˵Щʵ̫ѹˡʫд۵Ļˡ
ߵⲽأѾ֪ù˭ˡ˭ǶԵģ˭ǴģѾһˣˡ
ԼѾ˵ʫˣܿ죬ʫ֪֪Щֵʮǰڴ۸ӵİˡ
ڻԼСԺǰӣϰߵתСԺֻǽ죬ȴһ
ԭںЩˣˣȻҪһҪԡ
ӣ˺죬ҲƵתȥ󣬷һĿȫǰһ̵ɡ
صԼСԺӭǰôˣһӣѣһֵʵ
ÿ첻ҹӣѵý컹ûڣӣȻˣ㲻ֵʵ
һЩԴܷһԺӵʵ̫ˡ


240 ΣڵϦ

ڶʮһΣڵϦ
ɱô˵ū֪µģū澣˷̹ʲôᡭôûū澸ղſҽҴҵȥԺˡ
ӣˮĶһ١
գգ۾ƺ֪ôʡ
Ҳסˡ϶һۣӣסʵʲôʱ򿴵ҽˣ
ŰʱǰɡūȥԺҹµҪЩõҩݣÿҽҴҽ˹ӵԺӡū澻ƺҲĺܣū澱кƺҪ£𼱻ǵıˡ
ʱǰ
Ƿһȥʫǰ
ʱһô˵ġ
˵ЩˡѾˡ
ˣҽΪμҴǰ
ӣͷһкѣȻ󲻹ܲ˵תȥ
СԺ
վ⼸Ѿʰ׵ˡСԺСԵʮ
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ӣߡĵԽԽˣٴүҲĳˡӣ
·Ļɫ΢䣬нֹûÿ
ӣ⻰Ҳ˵ģȻӣ£һЦӭǰƽºͣȻҲƽշһӣ˵⣬Լദĸоʮֲͬ
֪Լ鲻һҲΡ
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ӣǸӶº͵Ĺ
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֪Ϊ֮ȴֻסһ룬˵˵ıɡȻº͵ģǧټͼɱңһһֱº͵ġ
һֻܿЦˡ
⡣
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Σ
ҹʼӱˡҽչš
أֻǻ˯ѣҲʲôϡģʱǻ˯ѵġ
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ӣһ٣ԼҲһ˶˶񣬼ʱܱκ´ܣκ¡
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ҽ˵˵ǰ죬£¡췦
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ӣ⼸죬ÿ춼ȥÿΣһݣɶЦӯӯġǱʶĲת
ԭǿųƭ
ûкתתֱ£Ѿǿ֮ĩôᡭ
ӣһֱװ򶨣Ϊƶǻ¶ܲҪԼӵ
ЮҲãԼҲգҪиȡ
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ɴʱӣԥˣҲˡϣ˶ԼĶ¶֡ҲʳӣҲĸױϻҪɻʲôӣ
һҡҡͷӶǿԼǿŵġ
ҩȻˣƺҲЩЧ
Ƿ¶ģЩЧͬʱƺҲǣ˶ҩ
ĸ͡Թҩҹ㿪ʼѪֻҹʼ½ǰƬѪաһҲŲ˲
ҩӣ뾡취÷̫үõġ
ҽȷɡÿ궼Ҫã踮ҽ֡ҩģֻǼ㡣
뵽ȴķɡ
Ҫ˵Դӣûģʾ֭õҩֶֻܹԷթ
ϵǻǱ뷨ӣٸһҩŪ档ûУֻܿԼҽҲǰĪ棬ֻܿԼǿš
ŹȥҲ˶ˡ
Ųȥ
һʵ̫롣һԼæݣ¿˼롣
ҩûֻǼ㡣ûҩ缺һûԼսˡ


241 ֻغ

ڶʮֻغ
סһγףֻۿһߣȴĪָоʵ͸
ɱȫұܾӣһնࡣ
ӣʱϸҽߣӣƺЩ⣬ܿ췴Ӧ񡣡
ƽ˶֪Լ˵ڲͬġү˵ӣӡ
ӣֻǸƽڱҲƽءӣԼıһƽ¡
񣬹ˣ
Ĳҽܲ
̫áүѪȵֹס׶༪١
ҽһֱĲ޲ߡͨҩȴýⶾ
Ҳ˽ѰУڹӵĲʱﲻ쳣һҲ֢֮
ж֮˵š
긴һģֻܿҩΧһвҩҪЩģҽԤϵˣֻû뵽ڡ
´ӾǸү̫ƽˡһֱȰү׽¡Ҳף˵ף볹ˡ졣Ȳ˵ⶾûиεĽҩУ¶֮Ҳʹ콻ġⲡÿβ֢֮´󵨲²⣬ⶾҩֻҪү߹ⶾȻҩ
˼ǣⲢһִĶҩһĶֻͷʮֺˡ
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ԣ񫡣˼ǡµү߲ⶾֱǰ˼ϻϿʮּ尾
ԼҹӺε
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һ͸ҽţš
ղų˵Ҫллһڸ磬Ҫء
ˡ
ǡǳưոݵģһ
ӣЩ⣬ûǳ
ﲻ֪ԭ򣿡ӣҡͷ治֪ڲʮǰ׮ɰɰӻû̧̨棬.еʱҪ鷳ɡ
ۼӣһ⣬һúЦܾ¹ԼʱȴǸͿ档֪ģȻҲ¶Ц⡣һһҹģƺķ˼֡
߶ĺƵ
ԡ
ɡ˵Ҫ˵лҵ£ĵˣӣò˼飬Ҫĳһܴ
ǸŮҽʶһλ˰ˡ
ѵΪʸƽ
һͷҲͦ档˾˵Ǹ۸ڶģЩһϱνǰ顣
̫ģҡ
ԲЩģӶΪһͽҲлҶס
Ϊӣĳ֣Һԥͬл֮˵˵ξȻûڱлҹҲ̫ˡ
ƺҲ̽һ¹
̽ʲô̽ʲôϵ̽᲻Ϊҷѣ
ЩͻǡúõĵƫƫҪû¡šҺ˵ƽûʲôãֻӣȢҽţûʮ롣
ǳ£ǲˡ
ֻװ׮ɰ˼ˡҲǸҴڸеģȥȻ󵽳ͷϡ
ǡԩ·խ


242 ͷ˵

ڶʮµͷ˵
ĳʮѵҪ޸һ
ҵֻΪȢһ㲻ˡİɣҿ֮ԶҲšҽύ⡣޹ʣȢ軨̫Ҳԭ֮һֱӸ߳ɡ˵ӣҪƸʮ
ôһ˵һⷨҲ
ȻҪ˵Сģ˵Ļм˻ţ
ҲáԼҹӱ㲻ᵣ˻ӣˡ
ʮ
ƻʵۼ޹ʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ʮһϣҲֻԼҹûôһˡ
ɺ
˵꣬ٴλָɳ˯ţҲ֪ǲӣĴƺЩˡ
ʱܸо˯Ĳ̤ʵǻ˯ҲüͷǴʱüͷչġ
ôùЩ
ʱǰѪȻͻȻ˯ȥʼգüͷġ
ҽ˵Ҳ
˿ֻ˼ѪʵֱڷԱȻжÿ
ӣȻûѣȴԷˡ
һһֱ֪ԼӣǶǴΪǰԸӣ֪ʵ
ǶԵġ
¾棬չҼҹүˡ
ȥæɣҡ
ӣܿһеĴȤһҲ⡣
ߡԺο֪Ҳãһ𰾹ѵʱ̡
һĵˣӣɱʣŹѺһ˵ġ
ӣճ齱۾գҲգĶ
Ľë泤
Ҳͦ۾۾ڿӣ֪۾ʮ
没ݣݵ
ӣɵûʱʱһߣӢۣڴѩ߽磬
һֻء
غʱ۾ûйʣȻӣ
һ˲䣬˹ʣƺ˲䣬شСָоӣֻͷᣬһ绽۾Щһ
ۺӺģģ϶ѿ
ȴЦˡ
Ȼ֡ƺûʲôһֵĶȴʮѣӣæԼСֵݽģŰȻ󶨶Ŀӣ
˶ţӣͻȻã˵ʲô
ʱʤ֪룬Ҳ֪룬ˡɵ֪˶ãЦſڣСЩ˻ƣ˵оʹ࣬ɿ˿ڡ
𿪿ˣ֪ҡ磬ľңһùЩÿ㣬Է룬ˮ룬·룬ʱ޿̲㡣иߣߣ磬ٰƿˡ
󻺻ģ˶ͷ
ӣҧ´ڴʱõ˵ĳŵҲ֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦ
ãٲˡ
˵⼸ʱӣڻûסˮԼǸ޵С
ǰƺࡣ
˵áԺ󲻹ܷʲôõҲգҲաһľҲҡҪʵҡ֮䡭Ҫʲô
á
СԺ󲻹ʲôҪԼǡҲŻáҺˣ㲻áҲáӣ֪Լ˵ʲôˣֱƿѵȻˡ
ɻӦá
˵Ҫʳԡʳԣһġ
á
ʱƢĺãӣ˵ʲôͷ˵á
ȻɫɲҰףˣѾһߣͻȻ䣬˸˿ӣ߳˳
ʲôʱ벻뵽˵ܽʲô㶼Ҫҡңһһӵġ
ĿⶨĿӣٴλͷ
á
֣ӣСڷžҲǾ񲻴Է˰ɡ
ʾԼЩˡ
ӣϽȥˣҪȥԸ
ȻһϲĿӣš
Ȼɫʱһ䡣һӰʱıԼҹٴһѪ
ӡ
һ
ʱӣѾСǴ˳ȥҪЩ
ͻȻ䣬˲һ
ʵûκҲû˸ʲôһֱܡ
ЩŵתμųС
ͻȻ䣬һף˲䣬¡ӣϣ˿ܲʹ⣬ʹġ


243 

ڶʮ
һӣ֪Լôġ
ƺǴģģɵġֻԼǵҡ
۵Ѫ
öѪȾ齡
ѪСɫ׵ķ·һʬ塣
ǰһ̣ͷٲ
ʳˣųϱʳˡ
¾ˡʲôһ˲䣬ӣ̱ڵءܵĳǰȥһҡ
ԼһĻ뿪
ҪȥǰֻأҪȥ
ô֪޾˯ţԷһ͸ҽĻˣֻ뿴һֱ
ӣ֪ʱȥģҲǿһʱҲ˲䡣
ֻ֪һجСѪɫѪ񻨣ƬƬǰ
¼ˣ֪ԼξУҲ߲ȥˣչ˫ۣǵصѪɫɡ
۾ʱֻ۾ɬѵ㼸˲ǰ
ˡˡ
ӣģʱӻǽģ룬ƺֻҪȥ룬Щ뿴㲻ᷢʵԶ
ӣ֪޾ģų
ɲܳ£Ѿ
澲ĵģû죬ӣƺ˷һ˵̵ʹ
ΪԼΪԼ裬ûСĬϴȻһƽȥСԺ
СԺѾһƬӣеѪɫˣȡ֮۵ĻҰסһǰͨһڵء¡áһˣ˵˵žȻ
ɡڻǲˡֻֻԶˣġһġ
һԭֻʣӣĻͻȻ䣬ͷأȻŬ̽Уɻб˳
֪ڿڿӣ
ӣʵ˶ľģ˵м֧š
̧ȥɫҽɫҰܡ
ƺ˶ڸѾȥˡ
ӣ˲̧꣬
ұ㲻ȥˣҲϣҼģǣδ£ӣתĶӡ
ʫ͵ˡʮҳֽš
дӬͷСʫܱѡΪдĺƯӣԼҪǿϰٱ֡˵֩ƯЩ
˵ԺУֽд֡
ʦͽһдһƯС
ڣˡӣԼҪעŵֽϡ
ǣΪʲôּģģô塣һĨȻʪ
ŷģٲģֻһʳˡҲʳˣŵԺ󲻻Ὣһж
Ȼȥ
һ˲䣬ӣң޿
µӣǾȻɴһ籵ڷϣҲǸѡ
䣬޿û֮ǰܰοԼšͻȻûԼˡ
أҲʰˡ
ܡؼŲҰδƣһԻ񡭡һƺ֪ӣ̫һ춼û¶档СӣߣƺӣͻȻһޡӣͦЦģģʱһȥˣǲĻʧ
ŬԷŬԼƽƺֻҪ㲻ȥ
ˡ
ɳˣ֪ԼʲôʫűٳҲп֮ʱ
ӣĶ֪һôŵġ
㼸νƺлҪ˵ɿӣһֱڿţҲûпڣֻӣ׼²ġӱԶܽ⣬գòԡ
ˣһȥˡһ̫ˣӣӲ֪ԭĸо
ʧһķһڳˡ
ˡ
ʱ֣ȻԶվгĶĿӣһҲ⡣
ɳô
㲻ܵһ𣿵ȵӣЦԶҲƽԶԡǲԸȥ±ȥˡ
һۼһʱ䣬ӣƺ˸ˡ
ҰĮȻƺһϦ䡰ˡһ仨ϻţɻδţȴѵ㡣
ӣҡҡͷ
ȥ
ҪǿԼ֪Ҳĵġ
ӣ۵Ȼһ
ˣˣǲǱѹ
ôһ˲䣬ӣҪһеȥȥġ
ԲҲãҲգҪðģ޵ҲĿ


244 û

ڶʮ³û
ǲܡӣжӣֻܰأţǼ᲻ɴߵӣ
һͷƺ֪ҪӣֻҲɣֻж᲻ᵯ߲ƣҪСӦԡ
á
Ϊѹﲻ£ҵֵ
á
𣿡
ӣͷСѾˣû˭ǰ鱦ˡ
ʱ۵ıˡóԸġ
һĿӣš
һ̾Ժ󣬹Ҫô죿
õģõġ
죬ôġרһ۸ǰôң׿ྡȴ֡
㣬Ժʲô㣿
ѾҸ˹ұǹˡԺȥұȥܹʲôпȷԡأҪƽԺ󣬻ƽ𣿡
ûˡ
Ժ̫ƽΣƽΣ
ֹǶ㣬һҲ쬵ġδҪȥδӡ
ܷʲôݣһʡվɽ䱸ɭϡɹصִѲӡ
һ·ӣִ
£ĻһΡˣЦŶ֡Ȼο
£ֻһΡ
ӣ϶ʱ¶˸֮ɫڰ
վһ糣һ˼ǰ˻ת̫ƽ򡣵Ȼصаšϱ͢ź¡
վһ糣ȴȲǰڰ
´ôˣĪַҪʬɼˣýڰҲ߼Ҿ죬ⷬοҴˡ
ӣ˰죬˵αˡؽϷ£٣ﲻϣ±ΪѹģٶԹûж⣬ûж⣬ٻָܸǰء
ڨЦţһĲ⡣
ûģԶ̫ƽһССӣԲ
ǹ׷
Ҳûӣû˸ȥ
ǳȫӣء
뵽ҳŵôԽ
һҲӣˡ
ûӣҿ󲻵ͷϡȻӣãֵǧټƵȢ
ۣҲλӾϲӣ㵨ء
Ѿͷ֪ģҲⱾһƬİΪãһ·ӡӢţ㡭
Ҳ̫ġкܶ಻ĲſﲻıȥСʵûҪһϵ
˵ǽһٴ졣޲ˣЩԼжˡ
ǹӣɫġ
ƺ˵Ļѹ⡣ߣѾˡӣѾʧ̣Ҫܲ񵽼ʱ
ӣ˵
λӣ곤㼸꣬ǸĶŵĹӡҲ֪ʱһ£ֻδűȫѡ飬ЩһֱδȢԴӿ󣬱㶯˼ⲻҷ˱ýǻ֮£Ӧˡ֪Σ
ӣĲᡣ
ڿӢš
תͷ˵Լ׵ġ
ֱֱǳû١
϶ûֻ۸ҼǵѾ÷绤תˡȢңƸʮ˽ٴ£ĪѾͷ
㶣ΪԼˡ
ǸзһĻȷʵġΪӣں֡ʮҲҿڡ
ƽȢʮΪƸѾ㸻ˡ
ٸЩģǧӡĹһﶼǷëˡ
ʼҲûļȢϱƸܹġ
ӣſڱʮ
ĪǷˡ
ǲԸҲҸͷôʨӴ󿪿ڣԼ̫𣿷ǵðԼŪǽŸġ
֪ӣӴ󣬿û뵽˵ӴǸӡ
һ㣬ſڱҪƸʮ㲻·ͷȢҿûϸҪޡʮò±ˡҲ˿̱ҳȻߣҲίȫ뵱ýˣȥǱʹʹɡ
㣡д
ԼǺĺģϧӣ޿ѾˣܻѾˡȴû뵽ӣȻ񡣡ҼҹӱǲˣҲֲҫ̫Уúٳԩٴˡ
ӣָ׮ӡ
ʵҲ֤ݣӣվ͵ñɱ˶ˡ


245 ɽ

ڶʮɽ
Խӣ
ǱŽõĴġӣˣȻָɣʲô̫бȥ
Ŀ
Ǳߺ˵˵ŵͷ뵽ӣԼҲһǡ˵ӦҵԭˡǾӣȷʵǸùɲӦ
ӣȻЩ
ҲΪӣЧӺ¡
֮ǡ
ѾڲˡúӣķѾˣӣȫõദˡ
ϴǸշĻ˵Ȣӣҵ׼ʮƸȻûе档
ӣһŮֵôӣ
ʮȢ֦ҶĹҲˡ
ʱĻڣӣ̣Ҳ⣬Ѿˡӣƾʲôе
һĶֵϣɲ˭ܴ
٣ǿѹͷһ˵ءοһССӣ
ģҺɫ˵ǿ㡣𾴾ƲԳԷơװβж׸洵ʱ¶һ֮ɫ
ӣ
ϣѾûʲôµˡ
ѾˣˣǰϣԼ͵С꣬ء˶ˣʲôء
Ѿ˳ã첻ˡ
ǧ򲻸ý¶档جѹ
첻µز¡ھƣƷƣҶȣʲôʩչվжĿ֪ӳʱ¶档Ȼٽ֮ǿǿ֮¡ӣԸһҲίԼ޽ҡʲô˼ңǸʲôӣس´֪ôƱ˼ҵŮһҲûѹ
ҲжŮġôһ룬һʧƣ̰ƽʲôоʩˡĵһС̳ɡ£˵󲻴˵СҲС´ǲˣֱ˵ãα˹ĨǣҺ˸´Ϣġ
һƬġ
һƬǿнȻ¹ʣʱʸǡͶɳʩΪ𣿡
ӣҪѪˡٶĹԴӽһֱҵҵ޾뵡
ڴһֱҵҵǾ뵡Щԩ¾ҪˡˣȻôʹô
ӣۼˣйɻƺ޴й
ʱȫ
Գ֣ǰǰôװһװҹӣʱǰ׳˸
ӲԣƷƶʡ
ֱǸֵɽ󡣳ЩԼʱӦˡ¼ˣʱֵòʧǸǵģ첻ɣҪѡǱߣɲӻΪһӣΪ͢١Ҫ֪ÿһġ
һΪһСѾͷһ͢ٹȥҲĻءûϵء
⣬ЦŻӦҫģû˭ٸˡʶЩԹԵͷȻЩȷʵǸˡңܲίġִⲻӦٽȥá
ôղãȻҪǿǿһˡ
ӣ
µǳձĨǳУû뵽ôסҲǱʩ֮һƽյߣתֱߡ
ҵ뿴´νȥá
áơ
ˣ˵ס
ǿȨ³˳ԱҸͷΧվӣһȥá
ǲżĻ̫ƽҶҪǳţ뿴˭
Щħˡ˵Щλʵûʲô˵ಡ̫ƽ󣬺ٳƽ
Ҳ˵ǸݰԱʵ۷ɵɽ߻ʵԶ̫ƽ
λ̫ƽǸ衣
ϴγʮǸŸοǴ˲ġ
ֻҪߺһ²۱ֱԳ޿ֻ֡ǣӣ˵Ļ𣿻˵һȻ˰αڽˣһһ䶼ǶӣıȣѾͶʱʱ˭˭ʵ˵
Ҹо̫ˡѹ֪ɽɽ仰
֪Ǹӡ
һ̫ƽûѹסһСС
ǡ
Ρ
ſںˣͻȻ䣬ͷһţһ̣һѾƫеĵֵ¡


246 Ա֮

ڶʮԱ֮
ƺֻҪһʱһᣬĺƸڼǸӣӶڲ֡ϲˣ¹ʵһ㡣֮޼ɣҪЩۡ
Ѹ˼ұ⼸ʮۣΨ֮Ǵӵġ
ֻǣעûẰˡ
´ˣ飬СЩ
ǣǡ죬ٿ͢١ǸҶԱǲҪˣ
Ҵ˵ֻСʡ
ʵ΢ЩԼС΢ЩһӰѲۺˡڳۻ᲻֣Ǻˡ
ңϧϧĺܡˣԼСޱȣݽ档
Ҽҹӷ֮ѲҲû߿һۡƾʲôҵȻçѭȣ´ֻݹٷŻ𣬲ҵȰյư
ǡϿûĵղŴ˵һĶֵǴ˵ġǿɶͬ⡣ҪҵҲµĵطʲôʱֵһССſڴƻơ
һ£ЦŽӿڡ
Ա߻зĻ
ЩЦˡˡȻˣЩڡ
ֻû뵽ʱЩȻӣѵǸ
ʧߡ
졣¹Խˡ̫ƽµģοССλֵˣûΪ˼ֻͬһ԰ԸѰź¡Ĵҡֻһλӣźĸ¹֪µĸô۸
ЦҼҹ£õһССʣԵ̫ˣ϶Щ򡣡
ǣǣ¹Խˡ
һ˵ϣӣȴЩ
Ϊһ¡Щȣɡ
ԭЧһӣͻȻǶȥ֮ԸҺͳ潻棬Ϊзһڡ
ӣֻû뵽ˣǾȻάֻԽҿ쿪Ҽҹ°ţֵģ޽ұĸȻôãҼҵ³棬ǧҹӡ˵¡Ҽҹڣ³档
һȻҺ񣬿˿
Ц֮ʵģ˵ǽһء
ɫ䡣˸̧֡
̧֣ôְ̧ҼҹӺ͹ʲôˣ㴦ΪѣơҼҹӺ͹ǽˡǿƽĻ˵һССǿӣӡҵҲмġ
Լ̫Сӣˡ˵Ļӣ󿴵ҹ֮󣬲Ϊµ׶û£ƾʲôСӣҲ֪ôµۣѹûɫǷ룬ʵӣȻ󣬿Ҳˡ˿ɶȶ˵ģҲиŮӣӣԱŮʵûʲôطŮˡ
ÿʬ򽻵¿ζ࣬ȻǾԲΪӣò࿴ġ
ģҲǼɻ£ŰӣߣĶˣӣȻʲôˡû뵽ЩƽĻȻϧ˺ҲҪšӣѲʲôΪ֪ݣ
¹ٵĹʧ¹ʵһġ
ȻǧãȻǷˮҿѡղײգͽɡҴǿ´һҡ˵ҲŵԣɲŮòҵĹӺǧ𡣡
ʡСŮͻС
ҴˣǧѾʮˣСˣʱҸżˡ
ԼŮʮ꣬ǸһŮһˣλˣĺ˭Ů޽ȥкӹġ
ǲ˭˭ۡ
һԼϡŻ֪Ϊ֮ʹ
ӣڿƽ汾¡
һ˵ʮ㡣ƽʱʵغ˲ȫ
һԵķҼֵ󡣹ϣѹ˳ֹһͷ
ӣعǸмʧʱ֡Ҳãղų´Ҳ˵ˣǻƵĺ¡һһ˰ɡ˵ɣس´˺˶ʮָмġ
һӦǡ
ʱɫѾѿֿݵˡ
һĵɼϣƺֻҪʱҪѪ
ΪһĲҳ֡
º׷ɱ˳͢ΣѾˡ[ҽԺѹ֡ǧֶдһ~~Ǽ¡]


247 һ

ڶʮһ
Ҳ˾óֱǸɵӣÿûվ鷳ʵǵģ⼸˵ǳһá
αΣÿ飬ҲֻӣԴ̫ƽЩԱʱսսǺ֣ƺ̫ƽҲΪѹû̫ƽԱȻ沨ˡ
ˡ
էȻ˼ˣһ߸ϵ̬Ż˷
ֱ׵˵ЩԱݹˣʵۣȻȨӣ֣ŻǴ֮ԡ
м³ƺˡ
£ǻʼҵ£ֻһССء
ٲʥģҲǻӡӼʲôҹ࿴ᣬû׼㸸Тˡ
ȴ߸һ֮뺳ֱǳ˵Ρ
ټǰһߺһԴտʼһкǵִܾġʲô֪
Գڵ֪µĵһʱ֣Ҳ֪Լ̫ļЩ಻ס
ǸĲӴʱҪô죬ڹ
ôܲڵһʱ¶棿
ӣһģȻҲϲ
ټӣֵĶԼµǿͷֵİӣӣ˰ˡ
óЩΣʶܾӣͬĿģһļϣӣԸ޽ңйﲻҵģԺ㲻صӣˡ
ҲǱİӣ
˳㰲ԼģֶΪ
ֻ̫Щʵڲ⡣
Ψһûϵı²еôѧ
ΪԼͰһҲһáʱһеĺȣЩͰҲġ
Ϊ缺˽Щ˽е
̫ƽĻ͢ٶЮ֡ǼֱĿ
ʲô̫ƽҼҵµķأҼҵ±һССһٵ۸Ҽҵµˡĵ졣
ִ治Ļһ˵ȴƮƮġ
ƺ˿ĳܡˡԼǱЩƵĻɱˣµû˵ȥ
ЩɶƽĻ
ǰȻΪЩһӹġ
ϴԼ˰ӣԷԤˡ
ҲֻгĻıˡƫƫ˲ԣΪֻԼҵ˹򲻵ҡ
лꡣл˵ġ
˵ЩͲĻ˵Ц಻㹧һǻĻӡ
лʶ꣬ΪлҲĶչˡ
лᰵֻһԭˡЩƽձֵʮɢƺЩֻӲµġȴԭֻǱ࣬Щ˴ʼձ
˵Լһֱš
ȻɵɵԼ߽վǵµķأҲǵµġҳǲôҡ
ʱˡ
˵ʲôҵ۸ˣ˵ǧý˿ҼýҼҹȻҲ˵ǧýǣѵֻ׼ġҼҹ¶ţⷬ⣬Ҽҵ֪һʮָмҲһﱨ˵ģǵģ͸ü롣˾ܷģƽýûвɵĵ
˲ֳ䶨֮С
ӣҲû뵽ôױŵ˳
ô̰ģѺ;ȻǸȸֻҪ¹ضŮ´˲ͱ˹͹˴
Ѻʱ֪ԼЩѾԷˣɵңûвܲ˵ſںȡĺˣĲԼˣ˵ǴСء
ӣ³ȻֹΪϽͣ˿˰ΡҪҪ˳;еĹϵ
ûзֳߣܻҪЩ
գûз
ס˳ӣͻȻԼ¿ˡ
һֹסĺ˼롣ۿŻǻ౼ߣЩƺ֪ʲô
ǵӣ
ܾġ
鲻֪һǰøⶫϷɵӣݵǷġѹԼҲһһ
û㲻֪ǰ·
ӣ룬Ŵ뿪һ˲䣬Ҳһ뿪ˡ
ԭѳģϾʰһССѴ֮
ڲʮǰװס


248 ־ɳ

ڶʮ־ɳ
Ƿֹӣ٩һ仰
Ů䣬ɻۡˣ󣬾ȻмֵȻӣԼԺ˶һ£˴䣬Ĭɡ
ڣ
ӣСĲȥһۡ
ʲôʬ¡Ĳȥ
ǸСȥװڡҲһ̣վڳ£ֻӣ
֪ΣӣȴþóԣԸ
һ֪ʲôʱߵǰõġ
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249 

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250 ػġ

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251 ծѳ

ڶʮծѳ
ӣǺ⣿˵ãҸСطӵģҲͷģӣˣոȥ̫ƽ
תתˡڰ
ӣһŵ飬֪ˡûĸߵ˼ǾһԼҪ졭ţȥԼɡһĹҲģҵ뿪ׯʱ׷㡣ǰǣǣҲǡӣߡ
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һ֮»ҡ
ҵĸ棬ŽүǷСҲҪеûãͨѾͷȴӵġֱǱĩá
ҪȻݡұϾдȡ
ʱϷ˻ͱ˵˵ңֻõͷ
ǶӲүʢƢҲСټͨѾͷŮһ𳤴Ϸ˱ö˴Ů
СʧͣҲϷ˲Ըġ
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ȴҪߡүҪģһӶټǸŮˡ
£ҲϷӦеġ֪үʱֵ֪һ춯ء


254 ʹ˷

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οһԼĹ⡣㽩յʱ̫үҲһ游ͻȻء
ǰӣܵҡ֮Ըү£ԼͻȻ徣˰ү
ϸһģүֻЭ
ŽӻˣҷģȺӳߡ
ȻүĻƵүҽԼС
˵ԻԼЩ£Ȼ档˵ԼóԺúȹǸҡº˸ӡ
Һôţ޽Ҳ꣬ұ˸ӡЩС֪󣬼ֱҵЦҥ£Ǻ²ţ´ǧ
ҵʱȻҲûӡӶˣܲҵǸʵģҲүүߡҼôټźĸ׹ȰҲ˽µ˼
үҪ檣ɸġû뵽ǺӲ꣬Ů˱ͻȻˡˣʬġ˹٣ٸ˼죬Ҳ֮Ů˱ĸ
˵ĻӣȻš
˵ԼûΪĸ
ӣ֮ƽءù鹦ү߻еʱϷˡϾǶӵĹѪϷµġ
οŮ׳ңϷҲϲġ
ֻǶϱǿƣϷֻֻ۾ֻ۾
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ӣǲŵģŮ˲ʲôܻ˿ġǲ뿪ң
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֮£ֻҪģһܲ鵽ġ
ʱ˻ҵ˰ɡԹٸҵĲġ
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ӣܵľҪҵŮӡҲ˵Ů˻᲻ʮǰŲҰأɾָоƺѾԶˡ
ֻҪܽǰɢ
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ӣ֪ϸڡ
ͨ˿ҵһЩ
˳Ƭ̣۾һɨ
ʱʮ꣬ûǰһҪͷͷϡǼ޽ŷ֣ŮˣŮ˻ŶӡǸŮ˶ȻҲʲ¡ҲϲǸŮˣϲǸӡȷʵҪǺӵǸšάңȴάǸŮˡ󼸸£ǸŮ˲ˡҸҲֻ֡Ŀź
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Ϸ˲ź㽫Ů˸˳ȥ
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ûСҲšϳţܻ뽫֮ȥһҲܻ
ҧгݵĵ
Ů˲˺
ү䱾᲻ˡ
һһ
ҿֳ֣γ档үŽ̲ġ
ʱѾһܻܲŶӻҡ
ǱһСһ󳳣ֱүҲҡ
ȥԺ˼޹ֻҹжӣһ
ǣͬΪһŮˣʮ꣬ʮꡣִⲻȢޣôʮ
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ҡͷ
֪ƺǱ˭£Ȼ뿪ɡҺ޲ߵԽԶԽãôȥһŹġⱲӶġ
Ϊң
СǸǣСǡʹ۸һҲڽѵڤ粻飬Ϊʲô뿪ңáҲ˺˵ʲôԳȥ˰ɡ
һҲ䡣
պǸŮһһҲ֡
򣬷һϵɱĶЩ껪ĹӼƣֱǡ󸮵Ĵӣ档


255 

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ʲô
һǱˡɱˣôܣǺСʱŶѿˣÿοֻ㵽棬һûɪӡҲûʲôԼСԺⲻҳšżһȥҲֻԺкһ˵ϼ䡣
һţƴǵġ
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˵ӣȻǸŮºӡǼ£Ҳþ˷ӡ
Ů˵ŮŮ˵ķҩ
Ů˳ɢʱͻȻ֣Ůܾÿ˵ЩŵĻĵ
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ôھȻҲûеɺ޵ǺڣϷ˽ӵԺпҲ޷ˡ
ۣǸµ̫ûܻǺ꣬ͻȻˡ
ǶĸŮȻ˷䡣
үǹֲյģʱΪ˺˳˼ܣ֮֮ˣϷ˲ʺ󣬸ǶԺԺ²ŲʡԽ޿֣ղŻŮ֡
Ҳ֪Ϣ͸¶ˣŮˡ
Ҳ˴ƺһ˾ˡȻ˴뿪ܵĿ졣
ǵ˽죬Ůɺ޵ҧгݡ
ȻͷҲûʲôù˼ɵˡοЩ±ʮ꣬˵˳ȻӣǸڡ׵С£ʮĺˣ߰ӡʱѾмˡһͣˣһġ
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Ȥĺܣ˱ûʲôˡ
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ӣͻȻ˵ɱˡ
Щˡ棬ȷʵƲϿ񡭡
ɱˣ޹ءѹиӵġȥףϸû֡˽꣬һ±ѡ
ӣûдĵӦһˣӣܺ˻ǻˣԭ
ϲǡ
ʵûҪĵˣӣö࿴һȥ͵ϴ۾
Ա쾡¡
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ѹһʮˣûȢޡ²һޣû˭֪ǻӣŮġ
лˣ뷽跨Ļ£ԸúҲ޽ҡ
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ӣʲô˼㲻˵ɱ˰Ѿѵûץ棿ôץءжٲֻۣһˡһ
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Ӱšӣգգ۾ԼĴ۽硣˺ٴǰ
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ʲôҪʵ𣿡תͷӣƺͦϣӣʵʲôģܺúûԼ⡣
Ķˣһʮ˲ġ
ӣղȻֻթˣŮһ顣ӣⷬҲСЩŮŮӲ֪Ρ
ӣҡҡͷ˶˵һ䣬öһ֡
ΪԼĶ۾˽ٸɳðɡ
д飬ЩкŮдĴң˵һ׮ұһָͷָټ˫šţ顣
ŵͷ
תͷˡ
ʹһƫƫ޷ڡ˿ӣῳֽţΪ񿴸ˡ
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ӣٿˣ˵ԺС
͸ڰӣָֻšӣ΢΢ü
Щ˶캦£֪顣·ƽҪڣҿڵġվǵС£Լӣȹٳɡ
͸Ů
Ƭ̺һСѾͷվ˳һСĲסСֹ
иСýкǰһ컹úõģڶ˲˲ɷ˵ţ˳ȥ


256 Ӧ

ڶʮӦ
˵һڵģеڶ
ŮӶʮ߰꣬һͣҶɫм걻үУгŵսΪ檡
ɺ̵ܶʱЩʧ
ǲ
мԵ޹ʱʧˣʬ
ҵֵԽСһ⣬׽һٰƣһٰӡ
ʱӴˣҲǳˡ
Щ˵У޷ֻÿսսķˡ
һСģС
ӣѾͷһһ˵ԼʶĹʧĶġ
û뵽Щ꾹Ȼô׮¡ֻǾ˵ӣǿүŮӵġԲһԣ˼ǰЩ¡
û뵽²⾹Ȼ档
ֻǴִһ㣬еĹﾹȻе١
ʱͻȻнŲҴҶ
ں滽ү
һˡһӣƺЩ⡣ѾͷӰӣΧм䡣һΪԼĸΪӣء
ӣΧġǡǣʲôѾͷӿһɫҰ׵˵һԡӣģ˿ңΪѵӡ
ӡ˵ΪŰ֮ˣǺ˻ǻˣ
ȻǻˡһȻ⣬ɻʵĻص
ӣһһ˲ţһҲĶšЩ꣬治֪ĸо
ôһ룬ӣһһҲֵͬ顣
׷ʲôΪң
ӣ͡
ѾŹʳšƺ˿һʲô֮٣ǹ΢΢һʾһԼ
һ΢
ûзʣЩ͵Ľӹʡ
Ȼɫף󣬼׵ûѪɫ
û¶ŵ顣깩ʣСĵĽʻš
Ǵδĸף
Ȼ͹١ӣһ˸⣬һԼҲ֪Щţֳ䶨ƽ
Щ꣬Ҫ˵ĸ׵ΪһҲ֪ûš
Ȼĸ׼մȾЩʱҲ¶š߷̵ѾͷСĽˮ½ϣòʲôȻҲ⡣
ֻҪû뷨ǡ
ת죬㻻˸
ĸ׸Ľǣǹĸײˣؼ̽ĸˡ
֮ҲûмǸŮ
ڹȥģƺڸпףÿһӣҪЩס
ʱףĸֻǸһ˷̣˷̾ˣ̰֮
׺Ϊ̰֮ʱףĸ˵ʲôʲôӲᷴ
ˣԹղҡΪŰ㲻ˣ
ʱ򣬲ΪҲһΪӣذɡӣ˵ʲôһɵòÿ·ӣ뿪
ܣܡһ𣿡
ӣһһֱΪһֻЩųϾһλǿĸףִ豦Уĸ̫ܸˣӡ
ԭǡһ豦л硣
֪ΪѡӶ
һ棿ЩǰҲ˭һ棿һ˿ԺͿûƶ񶼲֡ΪһԾڴˣţߡ
ĵͷ
ھһʱפ㡣Ȼ
ĸ׵˾͸ݽ档
˵꣬һӣﳤȥ
һԭءĸױ˹٣ҪΣҪΣ
һһȾĸףȾĸסҲҪȥΡʱڻ˻
Ѿͷ͸¶⣬Сĵ͵һУһܸ˰ɡ
ЩηĿ⡣
һֻȫһս³һǷģԺٲءٲغˡ
ӣղ˵ΪҲһΪΪĲΪЩӺ˶ٹ
ΪӶж޹
Ȼɣѵ˵ݽ
ǵġһһ߽˶ȻĿ⣬˵ĸף˰ɡ
˰ɡɱ˳ծǮ쾭塣
û˭ӹû˭ɱ˺ң⡣
¶ŵĿ⣬Ȼһȥ
ңϣӣһƺңⶼûů⡣ǲΪҴլε̫ԩꡣӣġ
ģֻǾáɱô׵𣿿еȴ治ɫ¶ˣҲܰԼ˵ܺߡ


257 ·ת

ڶʮ··ת
ȻҲ¶
ǰɱô׵𣿿ЩȴǳԷˮһ򵥡
Ȼ⣬Ҳֻһ亷ȴ֪մ˶˵Ѫǽӣʳ࣬Щԩ»֪ʲôʱѩԩ飬ж٣
ӣͻȻԼ߾ȫܰﵽأ
һˣԺһˡ
ӣͻȻ;û֪ԼΪʲôҪƴȫ
ĸоԴȥгŬЩѹ֮⡣ǽʶ˵òȻңӣͻȻҪһеĳ嶯
ӣˡˣϾѵο
ֻǾһ˵̫СˣƴȫҲޡ䣬вƽ֮¡Ϊ֮ŬʵޡҲǸˣҲۡ
˱䡣
Ҫڣȴ֪Լ˵Щʲô
еӣǻġʲôʱЦӯӯʲôվܳӦԡ
˵Ҫһʦʱӣҫ۵ļֱŲֱӡŶãȻ˵˵Ļ
֪ԭ򣬿ֲԸԭ
ѵΪһеġ룬ȫˡ
˳Ĭվȥֱصվͣ¡ӣ³ǰڿ˿ڡӣֻǾ˻ܻ˹ˣῴһµأ˲ͻԶӡ
ΪԼԶӣ˰Ҳϣصҵĸޡ
ӣͷ
ûп˵Ļʧ
˲ֻмµĽ飬ô顣
һӭǰ˵лá
лԴӺףǵһӣӣл꣬˵ڲκˡǷһȴȰһ˵ǻкϢ
ӣʱʲôϢ
ʱؼŰף˵Ҳʼհˡ㲻úϢ
ۼŷһоǹģӣջǵͷ
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ӣСԺɶŻѣȥлꡣ
лӣЦǰ񡭡ллǹûһ˼ӣҲԵˡĸ´˱лĴ
ӣһͷˮлŽ͡
ԭ׺лϷ˶л౧Թ
лɹҡŻڻ飬˵ջڻлġɶ׵ĹվЩ
лֲʵʵ˵ܲ˵Ϊ֮
ֻĸ׽һжƵϡ
лҲףȻԼĸǰֹлϷ˲Żôлꡣ
Ȼĸ״ȥɽСס졣һԾģҲЩ
лϷͬ⣬Ůɽ
һ˼ңҲǷ˴Ů
λ˺ϲлС㣬뿪ǰгɽлСλӼһ档Ȼ󡭡ȻԶЩǻ˼ҼҾʮʵǼҵĹǸˣģҲʮֿɡÿνһġ̶ƸӭȢ
ӣǿ
ϲϲٵԵ
λлСƺͦһġ
һˣΡ
ΣѰˣǺõġʵǸǷ֮أлС㻹ǾԶ֮ĺá
лĺܸˣƽΪ˻֣Ҳ¶ϣǽƺ˲ˣʼչŴЦ⡣
ӣֲЩл꣬лϲ£Ȼˡ
ǡ
лУӵĲֻ𣿡
ӣͻȻлǰɻ䣬Լֱʱ޶ǻһֱ˵ֻ飬Ҫ
ʵ򡭡
ʵλӵĲ֢ЩĪȷλӲƽ󡣡ҲлŪĵطȷʵλʱ޶ࡣ
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ûеܳࡣ
ˣ˸ͣ뼸زˡ
λƽ֮ꡣ
ʵڲͳ
ӣʹˡλôĺ֡
׵ĶӰ
л걻ӣһʱź֪ĲӣЩ
ʲôûվʲôװվһû˵أ̫Щⲡ֢֮


258 

ڶʮ
ӣû̫лĻ
лĶԻ򲻶ԣѾûˡ˶ˣ׷ʲô˼
лһ仰ȴӣļ˳
˵
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ʲô
ӣȻ۾˵ʲôлһСظ˵ղȥѾкת

ôܣǡѾ
ӣЩԼĶ䡣Ҫл˵һΡ
лεĵοڡССͣѲɶ仵ˣһ￴һɡ˵վһ£˵໹ЩѾȷ֢֮ԹģӲӢŵġһСģл꽫ǰ˵˳
ӣǴʱӣﻹлꡣ
ˡƺǴ㶵ġ
Ѳɣ˵ʲôл귴ʡҲ֪ԼˡСķʡ˵ʲô
ûӣҡͷ
ûûл껹
Ȼ֪зʲôûһ㣬㹻ӣˡ
ȥ֤ͻȻ䣬ʶôֱȥΪΡΪʲôЩδ֪ġҲãҲգЩѾˡ
ʱܹȥ
Ȼһǰȥֻһζĸˣǲ̫ɵˡ
ƭһ޿˵ͷ
ͻȻ˸úõĻšӣײһҲôġӣҪʱȥĳ嶯
ȻӺл˵
ѽȥҵļŸлꡣ
лŰҵ˵ҺãҺáҵôҲ䡣Ųܲ뷨ӽ¡Ǽ֪޾ļ޽ҡ뻢ڡȻЩ˿Ǻܶׯģ벻ȻЫĳ˹һ
Щ꺦ôı޷죿
޷죬ǼҼɨǰѩĹ˪Ȼ˲ϲЩȴϡѾͷŮˣ껨Сǩġ˭һһ
л̾Ϣ
⼸꾰ã˻ġ
̫ƽȻ̫ƽһҲ̫ƽ
꾰ûЩ꾰õʱϼҴѵĲ֪Ρ
Ůĸʤ
ʮСֻҪʮӱ֡
иĸŮôܻЩʳڡŮǻû˻ˡ
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żἰƺλʣ㲻öģ֡
ſΪ
̫ƽǾſƶ֮ء̫֮ƽĸ̫ƽйأҪԭǣǱ䡯Ļӡ
⼸̫꣬ƽԱΪֵķ·ǸѧԷʮֲӡ
̫ƽ⼸λңԱΪ
Ǹģѵõˡ
ģϹ˳ʵ͸ԼҺ˺·
Ϊܶӣ⡣ҲΪþǼλӷɾɣֵµµΪ
ҲиĴɡ
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ǡҲǲġǸûġԴ̫ƽϽ¾ŸصûмĿ˲²Ҳ̫ƽֻǸӣ˸û뿪ǡҲ˲²Ǳ˰ˣϾ±·ŵأҲΪʧ˵ġݷʲô²ö֪ٲֵհ߰ɡ
лٴ̾˿
˵Щ·һʮꡣ
Һ¡
ϣ˰ɡл겻ϣ
ӣЦЦл꣬ӣԸԺţ⼸Բ˯ţ֪Ѿкתھˡ
Ъˡ
˲ԶԺС
һվãҲûԼҹˡ
һһͷɥĽţɵüû
һͷлûи߹


259 ϰ

ڶʮϰ
һֹƭʱǺԥġ
⼸ӣȻûû֣˶оˣˣˡ
ǰӣڻУǾһСģƯĿΪƽƺòһˡ֮ܳΪĶԼҹҲˣԽԽˡ
Ҳ˵ǰˣȻģˣһɾûˡ
Ա˺ݣԼҲݣ»ͬ˪ҲǷռڹǰ˵仰ҲÿΡһ鲻ã˵׼㱻ӷջб⡣
ǰҼ˿ɲ⼸
շҼֵǳ䶨⻹ҪӣΪӣĳ֣ùֶԽºˡ
һ˶ԼҹҲԽĹˡ
ӣʱȻȴӰƽ
ͻȻ䣬ôһڱĬĬԣƺҲû˹˵Щۿӣ참ӣʮƳģڸУ;˵ĻҲö
л治á
ֹ
һҿл⡣жл˰ͬᡣ
һл겻ô׵ˡȻ˳ӽĲһõġ
ӣһֱû¶桭
˵ǹˡ˭ƭġοԹ⡣

ԺӦóƺΪꡣ
ⳡҪˡ̫ƽѾ䣬ҹӵҲ֮Ļ
꣬շ꣬־ʵաԺǷʱԼȷʵסⳡˡдˣΪԼĸôẦԼԭУԼǿȥġ
ЩĻ䡣
Ҳӣ״
թ
ѣҽֻССֽţûϢ
ӣ˽⣬Ѿͷ£鿴ѡˣûۿʬ壬ȰοԼ
Ȼϡ
Ѻ󣬷һر˵ʵϢӣһֱû¶档
ƵתԼ
һ˵ָĺܿ죬ٳټ죬ӣᶥס
ˣƺǽģԼϡ
Լл꣬ΪáȻлϢ͸¶ӣ򾲾Ⱥӣһʱġ
ǡ
ȥԸһ
һͷ
һӣСԺСԺѾ˵ƣӣȻ˯ˡ
һӣֻʵ
ǣڻָݣʾ˵ķ꣬Ҳסˡ
ӣЩۻˣȥɡۼŷһæǰ
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260 ҹ̽

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261 ҹɫ

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262 ҥ

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Ҳ֪ʲôӡӣ֪ûŭ⣬κĴӦһ
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263 

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265 

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ƺǿӪһ
˽ؼȴʮְԵˡؼүʱʮóӪýʷ滨ӣؼһֱʹõʱؼұźǵһӦǲš
в֪ģ̾Ϣؼôõ˼ңô˺ݵɱݡ
Ҳʹⰸ²ءΪڹͳһ˵үǴˣ˵үϼ޻
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ԼôŬ£귴ȡ
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£һطȥš绹㱨ء֮⣬ʱĺܡ
ɲһᣬߵǸףԼסֻųǱߵķӦ
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ӣ÷ˡֱ˵ͺˣֻҪЩ֪޲ԵġǡҲòãֲǱŮ쾭塣
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ʵҲһҪӣ֣ϰԵĶһϲһΣȴĪκεӡ
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Сжǿϲ˱ˡ
ҪһҪ˵һ仰ƺ˵һ䣬׬ˣ˼ƺЩ֡ûơԹ˯㾫кϷ
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266 ǰ

ڶʮǰ
һӣ˲̲ĵл˵Ҵſɲ硣˶ԴӷһغһǸûģʵ෴һʮִ󵨣ϲСҲ֮Ƿһԭ
թ˵ӵԸǼԺǲӻˣǼ
һ˵ڷ߶꣬ʱ׼Լҹӵ˼ϴΣй𣿰Щĸͨͨӣӣڻеλ׿Ȼûа
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һһݣԽĹˡӣǰԶЦķ£УǸʮŵӡ
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ԵһԾŶѵУ¾ǸԶŵġ
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ô᣿ҵ¡ҵֻķݡˣԺӺ͹ﶼǵӡӵͬӵӡ

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ĵѵԼˡ
ҪЩԺڣǱΪ
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ҵң˵ʰ۾Ҳգıʰˡӣ
£ҵı޴ˡףһ˵סԼҹѾ˵ˣҡͷҲˡ
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ӣб£Ĺȴѵõĺܡ
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ɾȻѵز
һЩأЦЦֻܰлԺ󡭡ֻҪȨץУȻԸԳ
ȢޣȻҪʵ״͵ġ
ȢҲһǺǧ𡣲Ǹ߹ٵǧ𣬱С㡣
һŮǾɻġһʵʵʲô㣬һӻؾرһʹӵµġѹ֮꣬ȴδ׵ʵǲࡣ
˵ˣЩҵģҲȢӡ
ھеļλҲȺ˻
ֻԼҹӣɽ߻ʵԶģһֱû䡣Ҳ񣬻ȢޣȻҪȢйŮ
ĸŮԸ޵̫ƽֻƶ֮µ±ôˡһؾ㲻ͬˡ
ƽټԼҹòãһη.ģعǼˡֻҪʢһӣ˰Ѻ
־
˳һ㲻ʮ尡ﵽʱһҲʣҪӦԣϵһʱϲһܲһֱȢɡ±ͶԹƫǹʥ⡣
ǻؾҪλһ֮֮ϵǸˡ
λ֮ҲһҪĳ롣
˵ŹҲסǹΪλִҪӣһ


267 ˿

ڶʮ³˿
겻Ը˵ˡһ֪ԽҲٷʣǲ֪𰸣Ҳ̤ʵﲻɵЩͬӣ־ӣƺҪͬ顣
ӣÿԼҹһ˫ԵģƺԽ
һͻȻ뵽һ仰ʵ۲̫༱ȻٲˡԼӶءԼӵ˼һѾ뵽˽֮䡮־Ҳɵӡ
һųȥ
Щƣͷ
һεĻ¾ȻԼҪġһ֤ҳϣһҲ֤ӣЩźصĵλˣһô֣µԺζԴӣ
ǴԷӣ
Ϊ֮СòԼеĹƣҲЩ۸ڶĻ࿴
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ĸӣ˵ˣ˵ǹͬߡ
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Ҳ벻ͨһ㡣ֻΪ˶ӸģδιӶҩġ
ĸӣĸТΪ˽ĳͻ񣬿ĸĹϵ˵ĸǼ˹
ֻҲóȻӣ¶ǰ
ǸĸӶ¶֣οӣ
ʱʮǰľûӣ羴
ʲôףŷһ໤
ֻǣνζáλؾֻʤܰܡ
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׬ˣȻֻǱ׬⣬ȴΪһ꣬Ƥëù˳棬Ѫ޹顣ǵõʱط˿˼졣үȴģȻӮ׬ֻ̾ϢðӶѺһ׮ϡүеǼҪڼ
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ʫ˵Լʱꡣطŵڶʫɡ
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Ҳȥ̽Щ˥ܵ˼ңЩԶ磬ЩתС⡣ǿУȻֲֻؼҵĲã׷ʣмؼңΣ֮ʱ


268 ˰

ڶʮ·˰
ȻҲǱˮнɸмؼҡүڵ
ֱۣôõˣȴš
㣬ӣ֡ӣһֱʮȫʮˡһǳ޵ˣαЩϾˡ
λүƺǸ˰ˣһʮġ
ֺܴ󷽣Ҳر
𣿿аɣתˡӣһ˻ˡǰֻǾүˣټʫдЩүֹˣֱǸˡ
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ֻЩѶ̫үɰ˼ҡ
ӣͻȻͦµġ
Цӯӯʲô£ڴӦֽӣ˵͸㡣
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㲻ҶҪˡãھ˸͸Ϣ
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ӣԸԼҵ±һԣµĺȲ衭һ˶ȫĺëָԭ
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⡭һӣԼƺҲҸˣԺӵĶͲ
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ȥʮǰľ¡
Ȼ֪ӣͼӣȻԸˣȥˡ
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ת˸ɱ˷Ĳʲô¡ӣҾҸúúýһԼǰλӡշһ֡ǵӵĵӡʵ۵ĶӣܱȱЩ
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ôһ룬ǣҲͻȻԼӵݣʵȤĺܡƵģᶼ᲻
İ鰡


269 ľ

ڶʮľ
Թ껰м䣬ѾӣѾԶˡ񵱳İʫŪ浽
ϲӣ˵ϲֲͨĸоձܵˡ˶٣Ǻƽһ
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Ӳڿ
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ǰݡðɡӣӮˡϲ˵Ҳϲ溬ǳЦĶ˵˵Ļ˲ըëʻġӣԶǵԼʶ˵ʱǹɷľ
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죬ҪԷݱ¶ǰˡٲˡӣЩп˵
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ġ
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ӣһʼ磬һϧ顣ֻ˵󻰣ϧˡΪǸ˵ء

ӣŲϵѲҪ֤Ӵô֤ߢˡôɣˣӣѪҪ̫ƽȥˣԺôǰ
Ȼ㵽ҵûȥ׼һ£кܶҪءӣ˵꣬ȷ귴ӦѾƵ
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ܾΣ»ҪյüëӣֻҪһһ飬á
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Ҳ°ӣɹˡߡ
һи̣ȴʮ
ӣҪôţ
һ¶棬ʱ㡣
Թʡ֮¡Űӣһȥ档
һ⡣
ǴԼסճµû˼ע⵽лһ档


270 جʾ

ڶʮһجʾ
Ǳճµķ֡˵鰲ŵʮܵһءһǸͻȻ侫
ܵиа
ֱ㷢ˣ£αΡȻ͸Ű
һԼҹģӳ֮ϡֱ㷢֣ıֻ֣ܹճµáʰЩְˡôһ룬һʱɺԼղʵ̫СˣӣһҶῪʡ
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ֻЩĵȥԸϸӣ׼ЩСˡǶ˵˼ҹΣһǰ̫ˡԺɲôйأֻܰĴԺｿţοҪȥġ
˭Լǳ뷹ġû£ֻ˸جΡ㲻طңЩȥ˯ɡ
ū澷̹˷ȥ˯ղŷ˵վЩңū첻ҪءӣͦЦģѧһ״ˡ
˵Ҳ֣һʵΣٱ濴ʵغ
Ǹøеˡ
һҲȷʵˡӭģûвһϳϳصġƫƫ㣬Ҫϼ䡣
Ҳ֪ǲǰг𡣡һẦģţԺŮ졣
Ʋ졣ĵ˶˵Ů򣬹Ȼˣ⻹ûأѾ첲ˡһƽղѵˣ֪زģţڶ㿴ǿ
ϣӣͦȥϷһ䡣
˭뵽Ů򰡡
ū֪ˣҲСЩ
ӣͷ㰲ķӣ÷ЩʧȥӣⷽеģѹûС˼һֱڷתĳЩȻ׫ġǣ˵˼ҹŻΡѵԣһ©һˡ
ؼŰ֡ӦòֹǺͽͷЩ˼йء
ϾЩӺ˼ҶûԼˡ


271 ӣ

ڶʮӣ
һ磬Ÿշӣ𴲣Һġ
ӣڣѾתȥˣƬ̺Щȵĸӣ
ˣֹǳкڵļصˣʱվ⡣ܹλˣһţˢˢģٰѸ֣վΧġ
ӣЦˣΪżͬһɢŭ𣬱ȫˡ
Ϊӣżĳȥӣĳ緹һԷ˾ڡȥ𣿡
зһءһӦĳʮֹ񫣬˽Թ֮ǻͷôķ£Щ֣һǰżӣһ߸ϵӡ
ǹӺ͹Ҳûôӡ
ԶЩһ
Щӣ͹ôԷһǰء
ʲôĵģڻ֮ףȻбµġԺӴЩչġ
ӣûж룬ֻǾö㴦²һöͷһѧѧԺðԺԺԺлҲ͸Ů㵽ʱԺĹѾͷֽ̡ܲ
ͷЩΪȻ
ĵ˹Ѿͷֱæңʱһĳֱ֣ľǣһɱ㱧˹顭Ǻ󻰣ʱһҲϲһ
ΪӣηһЩΣʶԽķзһˡ
ȻӣϣӵܿûˡһСӣصģǼС󣬲Ϊ㡣
֪һ¶棬ӣһֱԼСԺԺֵ°һʯʯʣʱССʯ̯˾ںš
㿴һۣԼӲá
Ů
һӣ
Ｘ꿪ʼ֣ЩֹﾹȻϵáһ
ʱŮ޲űǵ¡ںլѧϰŮǵһҪʶ֡˼һŮ̵ꡣڶĹˡ
Ůϡ٣ǮȻ͡
ҶֻǴִʶЩ֣ͨپӣʯ϶˾ڡ
еĻעӣЩ˼ŮҪб¡
⣿ˣɵɡ
Լ⣬ӣ¡ӣʧ䣬޹ʲܡȴһʱͷһȣô⡣
һܺá
ǰοӣͷ˼ھϡȴʼӣĳˡ
￴Ͳ󣬻ǣûмǡܲʮͣѾܿ͢ľˡ
͢Ķǻɬġ
ӣ͵ӣܶ඼סﴦĶЩ͵ġ
ʲô˼ңĹ
ҼһλвĹﶪˣ˵öż
һһæдһ£ûﰵŮġ
ϾĿŵԼҹڡ
⣬δܳʱ䣬̫ƽ¶˰в˭ҶŮ治˼һʧٵĹΨûһ˼ҵŮӣ
ֱ磬һӣ˵Ѿˡ
ӣ˳µĺͷһ˸緹Ȼһһ²裬һվԱ߿ʼ˵緢¡
ûģΪ汳ģ´󼪡ֱΡǴγɱ֡ҿǰ°бЩɱֱǳġԸͷҲµʮǰľɰδѣ԰ɱˡ
һֱ֣ʮǰľɰʱδΣ²򲻲飬ʲôϵΪﰵĵҡ
һ˿Լҹӡ
Ȼ˵Ǻͳйϵ
磬ؼұʱδΡ
ؼҼڳϳ£ܲ񣬶ͳûʲôϵ
ԳĻӣ£Щˡ֣ΪѲĻӣԼЩ±¶
ɱ
һСΪ̧٣ǿ֮
ʵڲ֪ԼʲôʱȻصҪרŶԸˡ
οɰ򲻲飬Ҳ°ǲ֣˵ҵͷϰˣлǸ߳ʱ޶࣬ԳŰ಻ġԱѡ֮˳ϣóҲ˵

ԼΪ˹ˡ²Ųͷβ
ǾԸ顮ӡ


422 ˫ǹ

ڶʮ³²
һ磬Ÿշӣ𴲣Һġ
ӣڣѾתȥˣƬ̺Щȵĸӣ
ˣֹǳкڵļصˣʱվ⡣ܹλˣһţˢˢģٰѸ֣վΧġ
ӣЦˣΪżͬһɢŭ𣬱ȫˡ
Ϊӣżĳȥӣĳ緹һԷ˾ڡȥ𣿡
зһءһӦĳʮֹ񫣬˽Թ֮ǻͷôķ£Щ֣һǰżӣһ߸ϵӡ
ǹӺ͹Ҳûôӡ
ԶЩһ
Щӣ͹ôԷһǰء
ʲôĵģڻ֮ףȻбµġԺӴЩչġ
ӣûж룬ֻǾö㴦²һöͷһѧѧԺðԺԺԺлҲ͸Ů㵽ʱԺĹѾͷֽ̡ܲ
ͷЩΪȻ
ĵ˹Ѿͷֱæңʱһĳֱ֣ľǣһɱ㱧˹顭Ǻ󻰣ʱһҲϲһ
ΪӣηһЩΣʶԽķзһˡ
ȻӣϣӵܿûˡһСӣصģǼС󣬲Ϊ㡣
֪һ¶棬ӣһֱԼСԺԺֵ°һʯʯʣʱССʯ̯˾ںš
㿴һۣԼӲá
Ů
һӣ
Ｘ꿪ʼ֣ЩֹﾹȻϵáһ
ʱŮ޲űǵ¡ںլѧϰŮǵһҪʶ֡˼һŮ̵ꡣڶĹˡ
Ůϡ٣ǮȻ͡
ҶֻǴִʶЩ֣ͨپӣʯ϶˾ڡ
еĻעӣЩ˼ŮҪб¡
⣿ˣɵɡ
Լ⣬ӣ¡ӣʧ䣬޹ʲܡȴһʱͷһȣô⡣
һܺá
ǰοӣͷ˼ھϡȴʼӣĳˡ
￴Ͳ󣬻ǣûмǡܲʮͣѾܿ͢ľˡ
͢Ķǻɬġ
ӣ͵ӣܶ඼סﴦĶЩ͵ġ
ʲô˼ңĹ
ҼһλвĹﶪˣ˵öż
һһæдһ£ûﰵŮġ
ϾĿŵԼҹڡ
⣬δܳʱ䣬̫ƽ¶˰в˭ҶŮ治˼һʧٵĹΨûһ˼ҵŮӣ
ֱ磬һӣ˵Ѿˡ
ӣ˳µĺͷһ˸緹Ȼһһ²裬һվԱ߿ʼ˵緢¡
ûģΪ汳ģ´󼪡ֱΡǴγɱ֡ҿǰ°бЩɱֱǳġԸͷҲµʮǰľɰδѣ԰ɱˡ
һֱ֣ʮǰľɰʱδΣ²򲻲飬ʲôϵΪﰵĵҡ
һ˿Լҹӡ
Ȼ˵Ǻͳйϵ
磬ؼұʱδΡ
ؼҼڳϳ£ܲ񣬶ͳûʲôϵ
ԳĻӣ£Щˡ֣ΪѲĻӣԼЩ±¶
ɱ
һСΪ̧٣ǿ֮
ʵڲ֪ԼʲôʱȻصҪרŶԸˡ
οɰ򲻲飬Ҳ°ǲ֣˵ҵͷϰˣлǸ߳ʱ޶࣬ԳŰ಻ġԱѡ֮˳ϣóҲ˵

ԼΪ˹ˡ²Ųͷβ
ǾԸ顮ӡ


272 ëԼ

ڶʮëԼ
¶棬ǴߵġǳȻϲӱ޵ġ󡯵ġ
ŵò˵ƨҲ޼ˡڼأأأҪˣͲڹǰʹˡ
ֻ밲ġ
ҴҴˡ
ܼ˵ײβ£Ǽ֮¡ٵ˵νЩĻ˼ųѵ
һ֮ˡ
λߵŭ
˽֪µĸʮ
ö˶˵ģȴš
Ϣ̫ƽһƬȻ
Ѿ˰пʼǳԼ̰īһ°¶Ŷ֡
ϵõģ縧ˣѾ½䡣
ӣмꡣʱֻǸ߶ģˣʱȿ࣬ӣ걨Թ˵õ٣ӦȥڸʱҲûжãɼǵǡ˰ɷء
֤ǳ
Ҳ˼ط
͵عԱһԱȣǸù١
ʵĺù١ˣôã
ʲôѵģվпշʰǡҪ䣬ںԺڸáǼˣ˵лԸңڸҸɽˮĵطɡ
국˵
һͷ
ȥޡ
һǸôʶʶȤˣŹӲԸƪ۵Ľͣӣɽ
ѹˣճµתŵһɷסһͷĻŵȺķṦΰȾһӣ
ȻһĲ֮ɫʼûдɼӶԼⷬ˵Ҳͦġ
˰İǰӶҪӳҲǡ
ǼҹĹԱҲҪЩ߳࣬īߺڣһ仰ǲһеĸ밲£λлж˵ԽѾˡ
ȻһͰˡ
Ȼźˣʲô
˼ȫ³ȣӣ治֪ԼܰʲôڿڣѾһЩüĿΪżҴҸ
˺˶ΰԡ
Ȼ¿ɸˡ
û±㲻ܻ㣿
ǵҲǡǣ̸˵Ȼ٣ɻҪָΰɡҪǲʮǰؼŰ࣬ʹó
ΪͷֱŤƺЩС
ڿڡ
Ŷ˰죬𣿡
ӣͷȻ۵ģۣϸһƬ
ˣ㿴Ϣһ¡
˵ǽһûʣȻӣЩɵˡʲôпϢһ£ϴϴ۾˼ϴ۾
ˣִˣֱмܰ
̸˵£ֱʦͨ
ȷʵȾںÿһ򱶡ӣȻգ۾˰η꣬Цܻء
ȷʵȾںÿЩ
֪֮;ȥȣҲ´ȥ˷Ц
вױΪ̸ëԼο˫ĿشȥҲһμѻܵЧءͦ־ӣǰһżҲûС
ԼſҲǺ
ֻëԼѶЩ󡭡
üӣ֮⡣
óаǳɷһģЧۿۡһúһ׮Եһòʧ
ӣķһʱһЦ˻ϸźͶ
Ҫ⴫ǵ˵һ¡
Ȼ˶һۣЦˡЦ󣬷ӣһھеĵá
ڷֺ͹νӵı任ӣк˶񣬲ſ˵𡣡ܸо鲻ô򵥣ĸؼҿӺ˷ӦؼұؼšҸоӦǷ濼ǡؼҼ˭õ˭ɱ󡣡
ִһֹ۵㡣
һʱ䲻ͣڷҲû׷ʵϰߡ
һ㶼ӣ˵ʲôʲô
׷ס
ԣ㷢ʲô
ҷ֣ҡڰ.ǰͻȻġؼʱҲǸСˣЩС涼ûСؼұһͻȻƥ⣬㡣ΪһŪã͵׼ҡ
ֻ֣Ǯ˵ʱǴӱ߷˼ƥ
ǿǺôһӡҶ˵ġ
ϸЩӯʵڲԳһ׮
ңƺڸʱȨ


273 ֮

ڶʮ±֮
˻һġȨˣ㽫֪ҵһ档
ʱΪ飬ӣδ⣬ںʱ㿪ʼδˡ
鵽Щһ֪ˡ֮ûǰڴĥӣɵܸоһֱ˵ˣǸʦ
ˣϣԼ֮¡
ȱӻƺϣǿ
ĹԼ˰ɡӣᣬֻңԼϲ˹Ȼڲͬ˵Ȼûж˵ʲôʾӣ
ҵӴģϿɲӡ÷һһƥļ۸񡣺һЩģҪʮңսһʱҶⱨĿƥʮһƥҲҪôһӡ
ҾǸС룬Ϣ
˵ԭͨһս
ⲻӵˣƥ·Ҫ顣̽
ӣκ˵ǸСĿ
ҲСӪôӡ
Цǵ֮ԣȻɡɻ󣬿ɲǺ⡣
ҵƥĺܺãֻһ꣬ұڳЧȦ˵أƬլԺ
Դˣʽ˼֮һ
ҵȨңΪս⡣
սͬͨƥǲ˽ġȻǴͨƥ¡ļǮͨƥļ۸ҲǲԶ
ҵƥ·
ɾǺԵҲһɳ졭
Щ꣬ϻ⣬ǰƥ⡣
ϻ᲻ǻӡ
ܽͳдƥ;͢սϸԴ·ʮ⡣ĺãҲҵ񡭡֮أ͢ޡǱӣģڹģһЩκιҵ塣ó͢רŸɹƥ˹Աפ
ӣ˵͢³̣ӣ档
͢ղ˽ºǽƥһ鵽ϳͲ֮£ԾԾԡ͢ɱһˣ˽±սġ
ҸʳǵλɱӺ
ʮȥˣ˵ĵӽʼ˽ｻס
˭ҲҴĵȥƥ⡣һƥܻһ˭ҲԸΪ˼Ӷ
ʱǨûۿܾöСԼԶټϾ޴棬ܻաӣ̾
بŲĵӣһҲ⣬ܱʮ̫ƽٿ̫ƽģѾѵˡɼϵλǸΪ֮
ЩӣȻ뷨ıϡգȻЩΪᳰЦ͢Աܡ
ɷǸطƶġطģɷҲԼǡ
²ػģҵܹرô̫ƽĹԱѾˡ
۾һ
ҲñԱסȰʲҪԱԱ̫𡣿ɱ˸Ѫͷ
ͱԱнᵳ֮ӡ
Ǹ־꣬Գ͢ˡ
ĳ͢ԱǸƽǻ˯
¶ڷ̫ƽɱңϱУڹ񡣳͢᧿Σ
ɾǼֵܣԹԶ֡
ǵĸʸϣ۾ֻܿǶĸ̡ЩģѵˣԶӶ
ľòϳͱԱϾлңʧְ
͢ɵĹԱмôˣŵһѾǿˡοԵĶ漾Ǩ㡭͢ҪܿѶʵСЩ걱ûҲΪģʽ
ƥ͢س͢ļ۸񲻻̫ߡ
˽ҽƥסֻҪĿССЩԱעġ
ߡˮ㡣
ĹԱ֪Щģֻ۾ֻ۾ˡ
Ϊƽ⣬ܱ֤תŲñЩ񷴵
ӣ˵Լ뷨ͷʾͬˮ㣬仰ǡ˵ƽ֮Ҳм⡭ҵĴڣѾƻ˱ƽ⡣
⼸꣬͢ӱս͢²ưոݡ
ң
ֱġ
ӣˡ͢ԱֲѾѹƲסˡŶԱ
ЩȦɳ͢ı
ˣҡʱõİ취Ƕһ±ƥ⡣ó͢յ㹻ս


274 ͷ۵

ڶʮͷ۵
վֹʡ
ӣһ׵ķӡ
ѱ⳹׵ĽˡʵҲѰ죬֮˽³ƥ޷ǼǮߡǳ͢Ӻ˵Ĳ£αðŵﳯ͢ķ˽½нס
ǳ͢ӵġ
͢£ȻԽԽáһգӲźá
ӣʵǳ͢ϣǶ泯͢룬˭Ƕһ롣
ӣڻȨĵЩִ
Ⱥͷʶ֪ӵݡէһʶ֪ǻӣһԶ֮
²֮еĹؼ𣿡
ͷ
֪ҺؼŰйأԲŴŲؼŰĻӡʵҪԸң
ʱ򣬷Ȼӣ
Ҳû˼֮ûһʱġ
Ҫһһ죬Ҫһ׮һ׮顣ؼŰǣҡҺ᲻ỹһβͣʵ⡣
ͬӣǾˮ㡣
Ҳ
ֻǷҪиȡ̲̫̰ģȡұǡ
Ȩңҡңƺе档ǺؼŰй𣿡
ӣкһӲˡȨҺҺؼŰйϵһӣʴ˵顣ӣƣĵȻţצ
Щĸǹǿ
߱ڵġֻҪ֪Գš
ӭϷ˫Ц۾ӣȻһ仰Ҳ˵ˡģһǹġ
һ֪ˡȴϲƲסշ̡
ɫˣ
֪˵֪һЦ㲻ɣ
û˵֪
˼֪ӣ۾һʶڶ
ţʲô塭ʱôã缸඼Ӱ֡
ˣʧɡ
ôﰵİϣЩǿ
һӦӲϾˡû㻤ȫҪһ档
ĻᣬŹҲŹ֪ҲģԼȥ顭
ԡ񰲸è㣬ӣͷ
ӣèˡ
ż˳˳ëżһϲ£ߣһߣ
ӣʵڴȥˣٺһݣԼ̲ס֡ﱾͲǸµĹˣٷչȥԼûˡ
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Ϊ˵
ôó
ðɡһӣȷʵˡﰵΪѡ
ӣɣҲǳֱʡ
ճµı壬̫ƽ£ȴתͶ
ҸɽҲʲôͺúõİͽĿɽƫҪŷλӣɾͲܽˡ
Щ꣬û
ܴģ¾㹻һηˡ
Щû񡭡Ȼɱ˷Ż𣬿թ£˾˭ҳӶ࣬ıߡ˵ӻǿŮСﲻӣײǽŪҲǿѹˡ

ƺû뵽һСС˴ĵӡ
ǰӣѾʮ˽ˡ·һſӣҲû
˵øһΡΪ˲ؾ򣬹عԱᡣԽ޿֡£ǲѹϲԾİܿ࣬Ҳûʲôϵ
Լã
ײµ㲻еע⣬ԱֵѧĹӸ硭ȫ氡ġûСҲ⼸Ž̫ƽʼ߶ġ磬񻹾̫ƽİ޹ؽҪ𣿡
Ĭˡ
иܲ͸˼ˣҲǼͷ۵°
£ƺܡ
Щڰģģ˵˼ǿ¡
ԳЦЦԼЩҲһֱܼ⣬Ըʾˡ
ӣȴǿļȻɷ˵Ľ¡Щù˼̫һ
ǺҪÿģҪǹǣѪ⡣
ûѪ⣬һᾣǽҲҲֻǹӲдһѪ⣬ܻ£һˡǰ̫ˣΪ˶Ƿ
ܾǸˡ
±˺ֹǧ
֮£ӵеѾ㹻ˡ
ʳʹӳȺģӣ
ѾԲˣЩӵеġ㵱Ŀɡ


275 뷨

ڶʮ뷨
ֻҪţ㲻į԰İӣɵߵӣΪ
ڣһ̫ƽͼΣͱǼֵ뷨ˣôһֱȵĴ̫ƽȻҲûӣˡ£档
鵽𣿡
ܿüĿˡаٳŵˡ
ȻҪˣ㲻ˡΪʸ˾ȨԼܷɻڴءһûԶˮⲻ˽Ͼ̫ƽĵ̡Խ£ѾǴشˡ
Գ²޿֡
УӲǸˡ
ӣ̾ʵҲֳ˼룬⼸ǰλ̫ƽĴڸмΪ㡣
Щ̰ĹԱ˵ݳġ
Ѿˣʱ˵˭˭ѾûˡΪλֳ½ģԹһѧΪǸ˦ƹ²ԽĴ󵨣ưԡ
һͼΣͭǽڣȻг
ˣҲܰȵ̫ƽôꡣһһף˿ôˡ
ȥӣ׷ֻ⽫
ֻҪѾˣԴ˺̫ƽٲгĹԱ㹻ˡ
ǾҲɵĴֻҪһùһ죬֪ˡǲ⣿
С롣ɱǹУֻҪˡ
ӣĵѪȣðϲ˵⻰ķ꣬ǰڲټˣǴһɳ졣
ɡվδó
ЩлԼԩԼ˱Ž֮֮
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ӣʹ켫ˡ
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졭һ飬ͻȻ뵽ӣض뿴Ե²Żóŵġ
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ʱ֮Գվ⣬ʦүĻƷֿζˡ
λʦүҪǹٻ磬Ǹ˳š
Ȼ֪ţʱһ̲ؿʦү˻ʦүŻˣҲҳˡ
ǰԼǸʦ࣬ɽȴŵòҰһ˵߶µĲˡʦү˵ͶˡΪԽȥǱǰ̡ǾЩǣõǣ˭һССء
⼸꣬һֱ뾡취;ǵĹ˴Ϲϵ
ǶԷֻöƽ
һʲôһʱϱ⼸꣬ƽһֱܰ¸Ǵδ¶档ʵûʲôϱġ
ϢϱȴĴ
ʦү˵뾩Ǻֹǧ֮ңǹҪ֣ҲһһϦ¡
Ѿվ
Ҫǣһֻһס
ǰţݼʱ˼ͬš
ΪԷɢһµע˭뵽ױ㽫˴ˣʱϴ⡣վ˼ʱ
ȴֻҴҼһ档
ԷϻŸߣ˰
¸ʦүʦүʱɫ䡣˵Ǵ¶գ˵ĻᡣԾǲͣҲóлᵽү״
û˰취
ʦү˸⣬
ΣȰеġڼӺӣֻҪҧŲϣ£Ҳаɡ
󶥶ժɴñ
˳ƴ޶йޣֻҪƽˡ
ѹˣԼЩĶ¡
ãЩֻ֪֪ȴ֪иʣڿΪԼΨһĹ˾Ǳɺйء


276 ʰ

ڶʮʰ

иӣϷҲȫװ
ֻһĳֻ˸֦ǱǾӣʵЩªţһӵɣ񸺾ҷȲġ
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ҵĸ׵˵ԼԸȢӣΪޣǲһж᲻ͬˡ
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Сţôˣһ䡣ӣݿɺǲͬˡ֪ǰסңﻹҪ޸㣬Ա֮
ǴǰǰǸŮ
޿ġи֮ض˵ˡ
񣬱ԶԶһۣᱡǰǹŮǸ߸ϵɲٺ˼ˡ
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ױáǼˣǸӣġһپ٣һԺ·ҲôߡǼҪģһʹ
ӣɻڴˣҲųĺġ
ԺһһĸӣûУ
Сźѹӵͷ
ֿҲǸϵġ
ͦ˵żһȸСơ
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Ȼţ֪ӣϵǳġǼֿ˵бۣ뵽ӣȥӡ
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ӣĹ¶ˡ
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ģС
ֵܣȥ˯һͻõġ
ſЦͷ
ˡꡣ
Ե޷ݣ˵ıӣɡ


283 Ĭ

ڶٰʮ·Ĭ
룬ԼȷǱЩɱӣռȻûӣСźȵ̫ͣͻȻһͿȣֿһĺ󱳰ο
֮Ժ˵Щ֪ЩˡעⱲӶҪǲ
ӣĹ
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Ȼ֪ΣҲĳӦҲٸܱȵϻʼ
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ɼֿܿװӣ
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ϣѹûʵǣ²֪ʲôʱӣߵһ𡣶Ұ͸¶ѼҸӣҲЩˡ
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ܵġЩ궡һֱƽҲ˵¡
ЩѾͷ˽˵䣬Ǹġ˵ⱲӶϲĸһȢš
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ӣϡƽͻȻôһԣҲһԵ˸ȤġǶȴһ߷ߣӣ˳ҪͷЩսٻغˡ
㲻𣿡
ʲôġ۾ڱϣԸ⿴ǿǡ
ЩŮǳģһûѾͷĻͲûʶԺţԴӣȷʵһ
ûͰ
ɼƽμжȣҷ
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ӣֻ³У;Ű˽


284 

ڶٰʮ´
оǹٸϷġ߸ϵӣôһСС
Ҳߵл죬ȳ˽ԣɱġ
ģϼڴֻ֣̿á
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һáӣûͷһ˵ã󽻸꣬֡⼸̫ƽݷӣʵڲЩ
ý˻ᣬú࣬ϴһܡ
ôţǿԽȥ
ӣãûͰһＷתúš
һѵűߣӣţӣߡӹѹﰲں󡣡
ͣʱ̫ˣҹҹδ˯ɣ
һͷȻۣ˫񣬿ӣĿ⣬񿴾
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ԼҵѹΪ⡣
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ô꣬˲죬ٸ١
˱㰵˴ӣ֤ݲΪɣ
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ˣĶӿҲʲôöȻ¹Ӽ׺һãȻתͷ¸ꡣ
˵֪ԼͷӵĲرأԴŷȥȡ
ֻҪһ
ɵƿڴӡ
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һӽһһжƵͷϣ˵ԼǰĽСˣǴýȢģ̫ɲͣһͷˡ
֮ġ
⻰ƭš
οա
һֱĹãΪ¹һϯ
Σƺ˿ֹŰй
ˣǿŮԼ˵޹֮ˡôôˣ޲óǰȥͰһΧŹ¹ӡ
֮ˣȻ֮ˡ¹ӱлԲЩ
ͷ
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һûУһ̲ܷ
ڳ䶨
ӣ˳ԭ·ءɲͻȻһԵ
ʲôܡ겻ܺ䡣
硣Ķ֣ʡ


285 ѵܹ

ڶٰʮ¡ѵܹ
ССһƽȻһ
Ҳ֪˭ͷǻһƬ
ӣںãغͰһ¹ӭȴЩ䡭û뵽Ȼһ𡣷ͻɳ֮ˣǷʣβ뾩Ҳ֤ʵһ㡣
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ģҲǺͷһҪȥ
ƫƫΪΥĵĿֵ㣬Ҳй⣡
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Ǻͷ˵Ҳ˼֡
Ϊһ¡һǰڹ϶ʡǢ̸߾֮ͨ¡һ˵һΨһŮޡСͲʮģͦã˾ǺһҲС
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ںլϰŮ졣ģǲǹӡ
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ʵ֮⡣
ȢԪλȢλΪޣǽλܱ֮ҲܱȫϾܽλ䵽˭ͷϣҲڹġ


286 

ڶٰʮ·
ֻӡ
̫Ұˡ
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Ϊ˿ǳ˿ͷȻ㲻ȢһڹΪޡ
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ʲΪ˽Ըδѵ˵ˡ
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ķĻŸ⡣
Щˣɫǹȥ֡
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ӣû⡣
ᡣԹԵͷĿ⡣
ȴѾѸߡ
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ӣ͵Ĳ㿴Ǹķӣȷ˿ȷʵȷԼʶǸˡ
ӣŶȻһˡ
ѱٶȳ嵽ӣǰ
ߡ
ӣͷŶӿٶȡ
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ӣֻûЩšʶǸˣϲʶǸء
ѵǡѰˡ
ɼ˵Ĵ磬ǸһҲʮַصġ
ӣһֱǸຢӡȻһֱ߶˵ӣܶдģһ󡣿ȴԼģ塣
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ļҵǧС㣬ͷɱ˿ħУЩɥڡ
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֪ǸӰɡʮ䵭һԸ顣
ݣٿˣƬ̺󣬷ųѾˡ˵ӣʧСŮ
ǷӰૡ


287 Ȩ

ڶٰʮȨ
һǸˣʹӳȺ
˼ңôŮʧһĿģݱϾͬˡ
˭Ҳûж룬ֻһӡ
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ʱдʱӣҲڣдѪйأҪѺ
汾ҪѺ̫ƽɷղþ
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⻹ŵһӣסСԺȻŵ٣˴ȥƺҲûʲôס
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̶ʱ䣬ӣƺˡ
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288 

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áһ㡣
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лһ·
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˵һѪСڹˡ
ҲҵʲôˣֻǸһ䣬ҲǡӣȻǵԼԼǵãﲢ󣬸ǻ


289 

ڶپʮ²
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ʱǴ룬֪ںδԶԲҡҵˣΪ̫ƽ򣬱׶ˡ
һ£ݱܱ֤ʵ
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ӣɨһְۣĿתꡣ
ʵҲ֪ԼηʲôӦ
뿴
ҲԵȻڸʶǼࡣԣȻɫ
ĿҲżָм֮ɫ


290 Ů

ڶپʮһ¹Ů
ΪⱲѰŮ
һŮ˭׶༪١
ѾͻȻ֮䣬⡭ŮȻǰ
ͻȻϲã˷Ӵʱоֱĸоһ߸оԼҪˣһЩšģҵ
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291 ȡ

ڶپʮȡ
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Ըġ


292 Ը

ڶپʮԸ
ӣԼʱȥҰġ
ΪҲȢڹŮΪҲʶλء
岻ԸҪ뿪ӣʵǲϲߣʱ뿪
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̫Ůˡ
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Ϊ˲ϧװʾ
Լҵµĺʷǧ͸¶ȥ¶ӣһһ鶪


293 

ڶپʮ
ֻ֪ӣ㹻ˡ
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˵ˣұ֪ͨȨӡ
ͷ˵ˡʱ䲻ˡЪˡɲڣӣҲûмȥ˼ˡ
˵Ůĺ룬ӣĲѲѲء
һ췢£ӣƣߣúúҪô졣
ƽ׶ףλȨصĸףƺҲʲô¡˴ԽǹǧС㣬ȴǸٵҲʵ̫ˡ
컹㹫ƽˡ
ֻǡΪʲôƫƫͷ꽫鹫ʱ
ӣҪϻظ𣿡ڻǿ˿ڡ
أ
巢֮ĸûŮϸ׵ĵסֻǡ磬ϻظ֮䣬ûݼǵ֡һ𣬿±Ҫѡ
ϸ׵ԭ
ûзꡭ
ֲɵ׿ǻӣΪʲôҪܾϡ
ЦЦӣ⡣ԽݱؾᣬԽķҡһЦӣͻȻ;Լͦɵġ
жȡ
֪ԼʲôȻڣȻвڵĵαعڻԵԼСϣôֻܿڡҶġʵܼ򵥡
ϲ벻
ȥǣֻ±á
αҪģŪ֮˸ҡֻסһ㣬
ΪϣԲ˺
ЦϲĹȻأҲᵣӣȻС￴ûʲôǽһϣӣЩĲɡ
ҲǷûڵһʱµԭ
Ҫһġ
գ˵һֻġ
һص˼ͻȻͷˡɵ㲻ƭ㣿
㲻ᡣӣᶨ˵


294 

ڶپʮ¸
Ȼᡣ
ϣ֪䣬ѾΪҪһ
ǰĶŮأԼ궼֮Աǡ
£ΪءϣûʲôعġŮ֮Ҳǡ
మŮһ飬ҲֻͷԱû˭ѡΡֵġ
ӣͬ
ӣ죬ûվߣǲǺʧ
ӣҡͷӭϷ꺬Цӡǵ˵ͷ̫ˣ²Լܵ㵽ı
е⡣Ҳܹң˭㿴Ǹܿɿӡ
ϲ㷲¶ҡ
˶ϲİĹﵱɺͿɽҲ⡣
ӣüһľȡһΪϲǿĹ
ֻϲһӣ
黰ܣҲʦͨˡ
˵Ѿʮ˳ˡǵʱһ·ȫµ˶ǷƵġ˭ûɫ
һյģ
񡭡
Ц⣬˵ĻԴ黰ԡ
û׼ʱ˵ЩɿĻǸŮӣȴ˶۾С
ԼͣΪԼֻǸС
㷸档ǰҲʾǴһֲ
£ҲҪǰʾ𣿺ðɡӣ룬㡣
˵꣬ӣѾĻˡӣֱƲסԼϵ¶ȣԼһʱһ̵ˡ
ԽԽ۸ˡ
˵һֻǱһûᱡ֮١
ӣȻͷͷӣϡȻĵ
ҲվߡֻǡʱһУº
ףĿŵվߣ»ؾҲûǸλˡ
Ȼ
оο֮ɫ룬ԼûпܵʲôʱģġԸԼίҲҪȫ
ӣǿڻٶһ±ᰴ಻סߵߡ
һ塣
ûСӣʧ𣿡ᡣ֪Щ̣ݷΪһ졣ôԼΪİʯ
ֻǣЩĵġָҺ˽ʱҲվȻһػʡ
ҵ㲻ܲ˵վ÷ץס˰ѱ粽ˡ
ãûг嶯¡ʱӣҷʱġ顯
ģʱСۣΪԼһЩʹࡣ
ɾһ룬û
·ͻȻҲûţܺáӣԽ˵ԽǾóء
ɵӡʲôεģ·ͻȻû׼ʱ䡣ӻδ¡ںʱϸ˸׺ȥδӣһġ
Ҹࡣ
ΪһжΪ
ҪȻαĴ˼ɡֻȥϻĿ
ΪԸίԼ
Ⱳӣ
ʱһ˻˵ȫѡӣɽ˲ɼã˽ɽҪˡȻӣĿɲԼĸԽӣС
Ըһ
ӣͬʱգӣΪء
ӣԼ
ΪʲôΪЩ
ЩܻغӣصġûȨƣλȫ
Ȩƣصı֤
ЩìܰɣڻʼҵκʵձԼӣȢȻΪеļѡջǻӣԸ޸
ȢӣȻûԹ涨
עͻλԵ
ĸʰ֮һֳλʱ̫ƽķҲ޷ȫˡ
ʱҪαӣ
ĻֲɱϾÿǵڹҲ̫ɣյĽ֣ھ¸һۡȻһھǡ
ӥ
ӣҲһССԺΪһÿ˳Ժȣµˡ
һʧƣǷ޵ڡ
û̸֮˵
ɵôôáõ޵ݡֻҵ£סġҪôӦԣ
׽Ӱ֮£Ӳ׷ġôֻ࣬ã£ġ
أôӦ
Ҵ̨ģȻзӶԸҪԸңҲµġպ϶òʧˡ
ˡ񶨣ϣһ˳Ȼ
˳Ȼ


295 ̽

ڶپʮ̽
ϲ
գӣȷʵʲôҲûʣֻӣ˵ӣ٣䣬һ䣬Ҳûв֮ɫ֮ɫԽ
ǸĴò游岮ִˡʱ˵Ǵ嫵̫³ˡԪֲ㣬ͷ
Щ߾żˡ룬ļ޸ԪĻҲôҲûаһû뵽¡
϶ȥһҲǲ
ô뿪ǵģ䵽˸򣿡
Ǹƺ«ʵʲʲôֻӣ
ֲʵ̫ǵŮЩ˵ӣʱһߡ
ӷ˵ʣʱǼյġ

úõŮǧ֮ĸ򣬶Щɥɱ˿ͽ֮֡
ҵŮˣǧУƽԹ
ӣӦȻЦȴЩᡣʮŮӽЩҲȴǵףֶǵˡ
ӣԺ㰢ӣɺã
ӣڵ˵ͷд󣬲壬ʵǡ˵Ļӣ˵ֱ顣
游岮ﲻǸʡ
ĺԼ衮ϡ㻹ǵʲô߸Ů£ʲôܸ߸
аģŮʲô£ٲУ۰ŮҲǵˡ
һ㶼ǵˣ
Уһȡʱ˵أۿűҪˡǡǱһλȡұһֱľǸżС
ΪԱȥŰæպʹһץɱ˿
¾һáһֱҴߣһֱ졣
ӣԼȵֻӣ֪ķꡣ˵Щģɡ
Ȼ˭ӣ̫ġ
˶ЩӴлǡĵӣͷ꣬ҲλӵĹϵ
վǴСߣ˾Ӧ֪岻ȥ֤Ҳ֪˭ڰƶҲȷʵеġ
ȴֱӣ
Ůһ̫Ŀ࣬ȻҵԺٲܿˡ
ûҵ֮ǰֻǸŮȴǸ߸ϵӡİʲô˽顭
ȻŮҲסһ˵ʵڲʲô
ͬǻӳߵʹиССĹŮҲġһ룬ԽĲ׷ˡ
ֻ޵ģС֤
ӣƺĲ֪ڵʲô
ڷĻһҲ˵ȥҲֻһЩͷϵ
иҵĹӣ׷ҪΪʦ
һͷⶼʲô°úõĿ֮ô䵽ͻͷһš
ֱ˵ӣġ
ϾڵʱЩǸŵģӣ˵絽ߵģһֱ䵱ӣĻ
ξΣ֮ʱ
뵽ԼǸģ⣬˽ȥźú̸̸
һΪʲôҪίԼһСŮ
ѵ֣
ӣ˵ţ˵˼ֿ˵̸գ˵СţἰˣΨûꡣ
ֻ顣Ժʣͼܻ֮Ūġ
ҥֶȻܾšλʹءԪĻλ֮ʹ嫲ͬ
ؼҼֵܣһĸ
ؼѪΪ嫻ʵۣȴֻĸһˡ
ûе֮ûȨ֮
ͷϵĻʵȣϵĻʵѹΪ˴ѡֻΪ˼ѣ˭ҲǴ֮λơ
ҵֵܣĵˡ
Ůò廹֪֮ģһ·ǧŮҲûܺͷȵġ
ԼŮģǸС
ǺͷһԾЩˡ겻ڡʳĶһƯСɡ
Щò
ԴӣԺӳȥ˷ꡣ
Ȼ󡭡
ñǸԸ㣬ԽĵŮҲǿϸ
ֻǣҲԼ֪λϮһЩϰȢŮڽ𴢾֮λϣ±ûˡ
ɷ뷨ȴι档
һΪŮ˶ȨƵˡ
Ҳûͷ걣֤óɴ¡
굹ǲܻӣƽ˵Լǰ㣬һ˽


296 භ

ڶپʮභ
ѵһֻǲ׽Ӱ
ߣ壬ʱһ߹˹ֵܼ棬ûڣҲϷЦЦЦ
ܺñ£ӣ˾֪ⷬ˵Ϲı£ʵ硣
ͻֱӦ硭ʱᷳĳղǰº֣Ӻ
ΨһŮǿ֮ôӺѵҪ˲ɣɫ΢䣬Զ뾩ǣΪһ±Уѵ߲ɡ
ѾԼˡ
ֵܣΣܵܵȻ֪ӱϸ߷࣬ʵ԰ǵòģǿϵġ
οʧǰǸ߻˵СȻӲм
һᷳŮǰȻ̫á
˽ѵһҲ˳֮¡ֻǡƺ˶ӵϣǲǶֵ£Ҳϡ֮£ŸӱһѰˡ
Զ뾩ǡ
ɾǷ£µ˿
һֱõͻ֣ϳǵ£Щࡣ
ھǣҲ첻в
һʲô࿴ġ
ǻȼ֮꣬ǸС
̫ƽûжϵ𣿴Ԫ־ſΪ̫ƽϸ˵˭˵ء˵ǲǣ
һ
鵭ģҲû˵ǵ¡˫һҹ

֪㲻Ϻ˽ġϾݣ˵߹󣬿ȴôȢ»ᱻǸ߹ۡ
ʱϣԺǰԵɾϼˡȻŮҲŮ˵ܣôҪˣ
ҵ£ͻַģǻ֣Ȼ屼һأҲһܵõһл֮ԡ
ֵܣɶʮ־ġ
һǰ㣬㵱ʱǵͷҲ壬˵ϣһһ㡣ʧԺ޾ɺãɾˡ
ԣ˰˭ҲسЦ˭
Ĺ˭Ȣ˭ù˲
վ˵ʵ
ЦЦ÷ѡ
ӣĺãǷȹ֮˿Կġ
УȨƣ
ܿӣǸˣעӣԵء
ȢҲȥǰֻжˡ
ķȥ
ԭϷģϷûɡͷ꾹Ȼ̸վ̷꼸䣬̧
ȷʵԡСѾͷиû
һǰʱ̶ߵġĿȴİˡ
仯󣬿ɴ񵽱飬˸Ƶġ
ǹƣټƽͱ飬÷Щġ
κȴ˱Ÿ
ĵ˼ֻ⡭ǲȢҲ뾡취
ôҲð
ڵϴ֮λȢΪޡ
ʱϵ֧֣λĸȡǷϷԣҲ
ɾ˵Ƕ飬Ҳˡ
Щ飬ȻǴˡ
ȥ鷳¶˵ģϱֻܽˡ
뵽ˣʵڶȥӣСԺ
ΣӣȻšֻǲڵ⣬ӣȻûȤȥ˵ط
ʱûȤҲװ°
ֻǣû뵽ӣȥĵطȻһҡ
һƬһ˱ǽǣϴųص
΢ЩӣݣĵطȻҲȥ硣ղŽǰӣ˹
û
ƽѡ
λܸеĻ
ĻһмĿ˵ļʽǶӣȴʮֹֹǸڱģóϷ
ѵĿˡ
һǴϣʧӣ󣬱ͬ
ǣ
Ӧ˵桭
һĿ΢΢һȷʵ˵˰ף˵ҲЩ֡
ʹἰ
ӣǲҵһĻη塣
һη֮ģȻСļ֡ӣ˵ĿΪΣַ
ȷʵʱҲˡܻŻҲǽˡȻˣҶûԸҡˣȻ֡
л顣ĺЩҿ±ûվͬˡ


297 ϻ

ڶپʮϻ
鲻ƺӣ˵ʲô
ӣҲûн͡
棬Ҳ̧ͷӣһϸ־ȻΪʡϸ˿Ȩֵ֮˵Ȼ١
ƺҲͦ棬ӣһϸȥ
棬ֻǵһ۷ʣĿնӣϡ
㣿
ҡ
㵨ӲСҡܵʱβڣʱҲӣ취˿Ŀڡ
Ҳ˻ΪȺЩֶ¶档ӣᣬԽΣգԽҪԵ͡͵֪ɽлƫɽС
ӣ˶ĵӡӭѶϣ뷽跨ץ棬ſڡڸʱˣˡ
ǻˣǺˣΪʲô㣿Ҳ㣬һ˸λǻ¡
ȻĿ˲תʡ
ҲֻǶ࿴˷һۣȻĿʡңΪûʲô˵ˣ֪ģҶѾˡ
ӣü΢䣬Цʮֿɰ
һӣߵķҲɵôӣ
ʮ֮ᷳˣҲмˡ
ʧˣȻһˣ΢ϵһ糣
Ϊδ
ĬҪȥȨӡ
ɫ΢΢һ䡣ûпڣӣƺ缺ϵʲôҴ𣿡
ӣ˵ԼеĿģβֹˣǷʣҲھ֮ɫ׷ȻֻûлҪˣڲĬǽһס
ӣͷ
׷ҲˣҿǾ֮͵С£һҲʲô
Ȼת档ϴҺȨӼ棬˵Ĳ˵ģѾˡ֮⣬治ʲôǡ
л⣬ˡ
ĲʲôҪĸҲ԰æת
ӣ˵ĺг⣬СҲʮ棬ǸСƫһ顣
ˣɫһ䡣
ûпڣӣҲǿȡûһΪʲôҪȨ˵أ棬Ҫʧˡ
鷳ҿǷģ±һ
ãһ
ʾò˼飬ֱ˲߳ңվ¡
λεͷŻعˣӣһȥ棬ֻһûлҪӣæȥ
С£ΪҪб㣿
õˡǾ֮ͣһȥһվ̫ʡӣ˼˵ʾԼֻ˳ǣȻʱ˱ӣ˳һǣֻ
֮⣬ǲҪ
ҪӣҪһͬȥ
һЩԼʧķ
߷ȥȴԭӣţ˳ֶΪС¡
ֻǸʱӣǰκ˶ԣһ£˭ô
ʴŭӭӣԵĿ⣬Ϩ˻𡣡ͶһˡΪлʲôҪȥ죬һ岻ݴǡ
˼Сﶼô˵ˡ
׷Ե
ô˵̫ˡҺ͹ԭǾʶȻˡȴûǹԺ˾ǣٺúһۡ
ڱԼ
ӣЦ
Сȴ鲻䡣̫ŶˡοŮбȥ¸϶в䡣Ժ˾УʲôҪҰæֻ˸ҡһ岻ݴǡ
Ӧй֮¡
ʵڴӣϿʲô쳣
ӣ˵Ļȴ޶˾ò˳˸˵˼䣬էһҲദǢ
Ƿֿ󣬸ԻԺӡ
ݶ㵱İ˵һŭ֮ˤ˱ӡ
ȻܿʾԼֻˡվô죬ͰվӪͰˡվ﷢£Ȼ
һҲϲͶ˵Щ¡
һСÿζ˵һ̫ࡣÿ궼һֲתӣ
ӣһЦֻǷһ䡣ֻˤ˱𣿡
ҲȶӦӣѾȥˡ
Ǹ˵᲻ˣӣ룬϶ˡֹˣһġؽҪˡ
ʵͦͬġ
޶˶Ůֱһꡣ֮ʱ
ŮҲǰ
˶ĸŮ֮ԾٺãҲֻǸм
ȴܻرͬ顣
ӣĴҡȥˡ
ӣϣȷʵһֱӣԺӡ
ӣŽСԺѾ֪ˡ


298 ֮䣨һ

ڶپʮ֮䣨һ
ߴԼĻ
˵ӣ˷ԺӣȸԾǸˡ
Ȼһ֮ɫ
ߵĸ̡˵ҼֵܡģҪ٬
ɾΪ̫٬ˣԽŮվһλ¿һ߸ϣĿ޳ӡԼŮ
϶Խݣʧһ̬ȡ»֮Ψֲ
үصģ˴ϻۣϲλ±ϲӵĹءĸȰο
֪ĸڰοԼ
һʱҲûӦ֮ߡ
ŮĹܽһҲ֪֡
ټŮһ֮ࡣŮġ
ŮϲǸꡭ
ƺҲǲܡ
壬ǷҼֵСһ
ϴλĻȻҲСССͣ㱻ɵ̫ƽҲ̫ûʵۻġ
ȢԼŮǱȢ϶ĸһ
ԼүȻ󣬿Ҳִ֪硣ϲүļȴҲסûкͷҷһأүܲ
ɡ򲻿ɡҼֵһˡʱǣ³ʲô£ۿүǻȻعȷ˶ᣬо°ɡ
֮ǰ̫д
ʵڲ֪ﾹȻˡ
Ҫʱȴʧˡһ꣬߱˴ԪɽΪ
ȴڴʱѰˡ
ѾǿˡȳΪѡ
㿴϶ӣҪͱһȥ𣿡
£»Ҫ䵽ϣүΡĸյߣ㶣
΢䣬һɵĵͷʱӣЦźͷ˵ʡ
¥֮ˡ
һҲڣԲɵɻ󡣡ôܶ϶±¥֮ˣ
ҽȥ棬˳˶һȷʵ֪ҹȨϲδк֮ɫĸϾ֮ɫһš
ӣ˵꣬Ѿ¶Ц⣬Ƿһһͷˮ
ܴʲô
ܴλ֪ģҲ֪ȨйϵǶֵ£ɣȴ
˵ĸף㲻֪ˡӣ˵Ϊ̽
ȻֵƽӲĻ۽𾧡
һͷĵӵıǵӵģ˼ƣģжֱˡ
һȥҶɡ
ͶһԵôɵ
һ˳ȥֻ۾ֻ۾ܺӣȻϲ
ȻֻжʱӣСջߵߡŷ£һ̣Сֱ㱻۽ġ
Ӧλ֡
֪ˣҲȥ֤һΡʲôġ
Һ˽ҥԿǴɡ
ҹǰ¶¶棬Ҫ̼ҿǽˣٲǰǸˡ
ңҰ¶֡Ҳøмءûôʶ㡣ôһ룬ǵĶء
걻Цˡ
λѾ˳ӡ
ӣĺãֻһˡ
СѾͷԷʣνͬ顣Ƕ۸ڶһŭ
¶ˡȥ˱ӡ
Ŷ΢ʾӣϢꡣ
Ƿһ߶㣬תҵġ
̫ˡԼߵĵһȻǸҥԴߣʾһ˺
ǸʵҺòȴ˿Űġеãѵ㻹ǰ÷һæĻڵءӣͦһ
Ȼ˵ˡ
ϣġ
֪Լܲͦûиӣࡣ
ӣġȻӣԭÿӣ𣬷궼ֻʵͷķݣɲҽƱ硣
ԵжԺһлԸܡ
ؼŰѾüĿʮ죬ܸơǱߡ
Ѿҹӡ
һӰˡֲֻһλӡ˶˵үС檱߰˷Ůһѡ
һӣѵܰгүɣ
ӣ֪ӣүŵļϵġ
ӣգգ۾ʾ⡣국ЦŽ͡үŮڶ࣬ϵģֻһүİŮһֱ棬ʾˡ
˽ӡ
ȴүģÿ¶ҪȥһӡҪʲôүӲܾҰ˸أȷ


299 


Դƺδʲô
һֱӣ档ɰȴһֱڶ˽
ؼŰǷƣڸʵĿġ
ӣѾ֪ˣӣ֪֪ʱ򣬷꾹ȻѾүߡүô
Ҵһҡ
ʲô˼ѵӦó˰үŤϾ׷Щƥټ
ûϸ˵ӣҲʶȤû׷ʡЩ鲢ʺ룬ӣ֪֮ġЩյ飬Ǳġ
ӣɵ
һү֮£֪ģ֪ģȻҲֻںڰнеġЩӣδķʽһֱˡ
ЦЦ
ⱲĶݣӣ
ⳡԵݡ
֮ǰһ泯͢㣬ȷʵ㳹˽񡭡ѵһ˵ŤϾܻ׵࿴ĸϲԼԼϵĶǱ˭
ܡ
һôļν
õʲôȻˣΪλҪȥʿΪ˽һܡ
ΪʲôΪ˱ԼİĹһء
ĳ֣÷ʶ
̫ˡΪ޷ӣΪ岻Ľӣ
ӣһؾ
Щ֣ӣȻͻȻЩ̤ʵܾ÷ҪЩʲô
˵Ҫһֱ
ӣֻǵ˵ͷδ׷ʡһͬʱҲҷϹôõĹʱ֮ΨֲӣⳡԵݡ
СʱҲС
Ϊղλ˵ھʱǲĽ
ӣգգ۾ʾԼ޹ġǵˣһǺ˵ġ
ң
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ã˭ٸҴҵ⣬ҪС
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307 ֮䣨ģ

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ӣڣһߵŶһ߼ĸӵĶԻ㡣ҲңƫҺͷӻȥºˣץСҪˡ㣬Ůˡ
ΪҪò㣬ԽĶ񶾡
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ϮүɡȨֵվһҲû֮ѪԵġ
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308 ֮䣨壩

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˵ȨȰȨүȨӵĸΪҡȨүȨ˸ͷȨ˿ȰãԳҪУȨүͷǡ
ǣǸŮȴͻȻ˼ˡ
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˼ҷʲôڣŮ˿˿ڡ
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Ըȴòķ
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309 ˼

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Ϊӣһ㶼ΪɹִҡͷȻһܰﵽ£ɲһԿţҲģһ¡ӣ˵ĵǿȴޡ

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˵ⱲӲȢ㾡ȫǵ϶ˣҸ˼ңһӽʳ
գŮ
˵
ӣúûţš


311 ȨҸ

һʮȨҸ
ѺӣűӣŮӣԼǱϵĸӣĸס
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ϣǸƢõĺӣЦˡ
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Ǹȥ̽ˣҲͷˣ˵̫ˣ׼ǽΡ
ӣͷҸӷʲô֡
˵ǲǹӣӳְµʵ
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Բǡǹӣ˭ôԸҸӣҸӱٵùҲܴδɡ
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á
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ʱ˵ҡⱲӣңĴҡҲԲ㡣ǵĸٶЩϧҲҲһжᷢˡ


312 ڿ

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ɵߣĿˡ
ӣ̾˵


313 ಻Զ

һʮ಻Զ
Ǹѩҹ֮ǰ
ѹһ죬Լһ￴ء
ʱ˸һȣûλȻζԥĳ齣ֱǶҡġ
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졣Цˡ
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Ϊһӡ
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ˣúҪͳ̨ԼŪһϢ
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314 

һʮ
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ʲôƣ˼ˣӪ˰ʮ꣬˵ʲôƣȻǲȱӣѻư֮ơ
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315 Ů

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Ӱ쵽ӣͷꡣҲûϣܰ˾£ðǶԴ˰Ȥ㹻ˡ
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316 ؼҹ

һʮؼҹ
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ôһʹ󺰣ٸҿڡ
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ոӣĻֿӣڣаˡ
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оƹݣѾŮ飬ÿһصַ˵š
˵⻹ÿ춼˵˵Щ֪Ůʲô¡
֮Ǹ˵е
⴫˵֮˱ϣȻò˫۾ȴƯ
ֿ˵ӣġṦΰߺȵ
ԭ档ԭ棿
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ԭ棬Ȼб档ⱻһ
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317 ש

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УΪηǵû·һֱңҼҵš
ǲױ˲ôʱҺʮǰȡңڵؼҡ


318 ָ

һʮ½ָ
˵ȷʵЩ֡ѵǸӢ۲ɣ鱩壬Щһֱûй¼ҡ
ѹȢ޵ͣȴһֱδٵԵ
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δ˵ھӪһʲô
ǰ洫ԣүӴףΪȻңܾұԺٲϵ¡ǸûƢģĸǰҶ˵һ仰
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˵ȷʵЩ֡
һһģƬ̹ĸѾǿĻһӻˮ֮ˡ
ʱѵӣԼֿ˵ͷֲͷǰһͻȻڡ
عȻᵽң磬㽫˵İһ˽˰ɡˣˡֿɲѯʣԹԵİ꣬Կֵİǰڰ֣ʾٰꡣ
Ϸںͷ
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Ȼֿ֣ɿǷǵûϣĸЩء
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ֿҲЩԾ
û뵽ôϡԭչ֣úñһء
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СЩ꣬˺ܶù¡ǺҴͨһ
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Ҳ֪֪֪
֪ˣ᲻һ
ǲ֪º᲻׷ɻһ֮ʾ÷ֱѰ·


319 ҵ

ٶʮ·ҵ
ŮĶûˡ
ӣҪʲôϵǣʹ嶼üݸժ
ֱӣڻϿǱָ֪վñַˡ
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Ҳǿٵͷһ˰ɡŪŮϹãһʦͷܣΪֺ壬ֱֶˡΪҪֺ壿
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ʱ˴ŭ
й»С˼ˡ


320 һ

ٶʮһһ
ûв
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ΪԱһҪһˮġ
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ˡ
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ҺҵİӣҲһͬ˰ɣ
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ӣҡҡͷʾֿػš
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л
л

һĻֿЩĿ࣬ǰӣס档
ϾǸСϱ˵ĵ̣һСͷ¶棬Ѿˡ
ο
ֿû뵽ջݱˡ
ؼŰȻǣҺңҰǺôߣһҪӣͷβ
ˣɣȻӦһʳԡǼؼŰعＺһһ
ֿ˵һɤӣڰǵ˼ٴؼŰϡ


321 ָ

ٶʮָ
ⰸģһ۰
ֿ˲ͷô꣬ǵһ
ɵÿӣ
Сȵڳ󣬲ܹݶô֣˶ô˾£⹫ϵĶ롣
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ֿͻȻһ仰˵ˣӣӣЩۡ
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Χ۰ԽԽ࣬˵Ҳݡ
ֿߺһؼŰܶʱһ֤ˡ
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쾹ȻץˡѵؼŰף
ԳЩ˺ҽͷӶ
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ؼŰ޹ء
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˵޹أͽΪζݺ㣿
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ˣѴ˼󣬰˸Ҳû˵һ֡
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۾ƺɱ˵ʱ˾ĸζ
ǡ
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ү
үĴӶıˣ벻ඡ
ֻģίʵ߯Щ
ӣͷʾһԵȺ򡣽Ҫڶ֤ˡ
ڴ֤֮ǰӣ˵֤ˣ»Ԥϡ棬㡣
λԤϵ֤ǡ


322 ֤

ٶʮ֤
ε֤ˣһλṫӷţŽġ
ֵİշңóһС·¶棬߽á
Χ۵İѻȸһС
λǡ
ȨӣŵģȨ˰ɡȨ˲¶棬ǰżμŮͻᡣ⼸꼸㲻
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323 

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324 

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325 ֤

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326 

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327 

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ģؼʲô˼ؼҲֶΰٳؼҵİԵֶΣλѵˡжٱؼ۸ģ
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328 ѻ

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329 ׹鰸

ʮ׹鰸
ϣҸӺүȺѺϴá
۶⼸λûӲ˵Ҳˡ
Χ۵İһ꣬һ޹ٲֱЧʾˡǿҺҰҲһ˼ҡ˵ץ˱ץ
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330 ׹鰸

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ϣҸӺүȺѺϴá
۶⼸λûӲ˵Ҳˡ
Χ۵İһ꣬һ޹ٲֱЧʾˡǿҺҰҲһ˼ҡ˵ץ˱ץ
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Ҳǵ;ܾѵҼǴˡ
⣿ܾ⻰Ҳֱ˵йôġ
ĸ˵Ǻˣԡ֮⣬ӣֻΪ˼Բ˵ܾ֮˼Ȼӣһ˽顣
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331 Сӷ

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335 Ӧ

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336 һ

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338 ҧ

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339 һ

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343 

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Ȼ˶ĬˡҲ껰ﲢûʲô⣬ֻǵ߻СԺǡӣź
ִһܲˣֱ⡣
ǹŴ
ǴδϢ
᧿Σ˲߽ġ۾ĵһĻһŽ׷ɱꡣ
ΪİȫǻǱ־ĺá
ҲʲôֻĽЩͳĽ͵
ϣЩ¡ץסӣץסšƺֻץ֣ڻŻᰲġ


345 ٱ

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ǽ
ӣ˵ܾĻΪĳڼѹʲô
ʲô˵ֶǣ־壿ȻЩӣˡ
У꼸ûȱġ
һֱӣԾϡ֪ԭҲҲẦ¡
ԭԼڷУȻôҪӣͷֻ˯һҲûʲôڷǰ棬뿳꣬ȿ
˵ôЩص˵ǰҲ˲ˡ
ֻǣעʺ̸˵
Ϊűߵ졣һӣˡˣӣһۣ겻鲻ԸķſӣӣСߵһȥѡ
ʱ㿴˸һںȲ衣
Ÿղ豭Ȳ衣
ӣıŮڷ棬ǰģƺ֮ǰڳԵġ
СԵģŲй
ꡭĻСӣ
ɤӣŮͷվͬһս⹥̻ûѾˡ
ԼҪŮܵзأɵоᱡˣظءǡŮٴθпŮһҲˡ
ȻȥŮʵǿ۾ۡ
ֻ꣬Ҫ
ǡҸ࣬ʱˡ
Ȼʱ䲻࣬ôżһɰӣȥˣ顣ʲôֻҪӣϲԸŹţؼŰŽᣬıŮôãϢʱ䶼ҪֱӸ·á
Ҳۡ
ߣȻŮ
ۡ
Ǳ죬ôӣȥߡ˳˵ֲԸˣûŮءƾʲôԴӣΡ
춯ɣʵ۵ɲ㡣
·ҲȿŷŮȥĺáζζҲǷֵεġ
Ҳһؾˣҵÿӱ޻һ˴Ԫȥ游һؾҰѻ¼ǶԸĹܻȫѾͷҲ쵽ˣ·ӡ
ӣҡͷܾ
شԪ·;ңԶĻࡣ
ٷһӣİΣŮְΣǷ꿪ڡ
˵ԼѶ߻
ӣͬزӣ¡ѾͷһȷʵЩӣѾͷߵġ
Э
Ȼ߷꣬ǸŮĻƦӡ
ɲɷϣҼֵܣ˳۵һˡ
ҷӣ⣬壬Ҳòϣ˴Ůȷģûܱȵϣӣиܷ꣬ģֲԸ÷֪ϾŮĻˡ
СӣᱡŮһҪÿ
״˷ģᣬһ첻ףҾ۸ӣ걣֤
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ת붣ӣ֣֣֣ҪҪ˵飬ɼŮ¶ϧ֮ɫҪ˵Ļȥƺʲô
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ԼŮ缢ƿʵһ
ᵽɭɭĶ⡣ӣԼȻЩ࣬廹ǿڶ
ģᱣҵġ
˵ǣȥò꣬ˣֶǾòģɼŮһ̹û˵ΪŮƺûʲô뷨ɱһ㻯ͻȻéٿˣɾĺĪˡ
Ǹˡ
ҪȥءӣڷΣաɴʱҪŮͬУӣͷҲԸӣ·
Ҳֻӣŷꡣ
һͬ뾩õǣǰŽ㵽
ھǶʱܽŮ󡣲ǲŷ꣬ǵʱѱѹǣٴ֣ؽӣи˷ꡣ
Ҳ֣سŵӣ˵һë
ӣһš˵жҪӣӣԷ걧ǸЦЦһš
ӣΪһ㱣Ķư֮ġȴû뵽ȴһƱ
ӣƱ
뵱ԼֱһǮѵˡ
ʱԵǽһ⡣ӻҪÿ߶顣
ʱȣһһذ
磬ѵҶӣ˼ӣЩЦõ˵
ɵŮһۡɵѾͷġţǮʹĥֻҪĶʲôӸеǣáʮִһ֣ʾӣܼҡӣĵȻƣⶫɱƺöˡ


346 Ů

ʮ½Ů
֮ʱΪ˼ӣдԲѵ˵ԼΪ֤ȥʬΪǼٺ»˵˵ģÿšֿһƱӣɵ룬ⶫס
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ӣ˼άɢ˼룬ΪӣǾӲá
ԼŮС󣬳ԴסУÿѲƣĸǰͳһƱӣؽʡ
ӣɵӡ
æѡˣĲˣЩ㹻ˡ
ܼŮɵġӣʱʮԼԽǼЩ档ĹҪЩƱϹ۾Ӵ𣿸ǵǰһѱҪһűҪʮġ
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Ůнݵʱ¡
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347 

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˷һĻ㵹ãҲûа취
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348 ˵

ʮ˵
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ĹЩƶġ
еļмĽҲ
Ҳʳӣֵأһˣ¾Բֹһ
С˭֪ЩѾȥĹǲԸģ
֪Ĳ࣬йǰνӽĸС
Ȩ¾仰֤ʵӣ˲²⡣ȻĸԸġֻΪǼʮӡӣ뵽ǺһƱζֱζӳ¡ҲΪ˺ڶһС
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ǰȨ֪Ϊӣ͡ʶˣÿлϼ档ˣ˵ˣʵǸʮ԰ļһ
˿벻ۡ
οŮӡ
ǶЦԣǵĹ»δ
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ףҵҲǹҲӡɲܶѣǰţ·ҲͬԼҪ֪ɱȻ׶ˡЩԸԼȥȫЩֵĹǵ֮ˡ
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СηηģĻ˵ףʱӣļֲסӰš뵽ӣ
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лˡ깰֡
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黰Ҳ˵ôѪܣҲֻӣͷԩˡ
ã˵¡Ժǻ˵¡
ԺĶ˵¡


349 ʵȾ

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ɫһ䣬˵һʱ򣬵׷ʲô£
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Сʵݲһ㡣
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ҲףһưոݡǷʵĻţһͼıһʱ䣬Է޶
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ӣͻȻҵıСʬˡ
Ҹоǳʲô©ץңһֻûʮӡһ·˴ӾǴ̫ƽѿ㹻ҼʮСˡȻĪС浹ǵͷȷʵӵڡҲȷǶġ
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ĹЩġУǱʹ³ҲټӸֵıǩˡһöͷһһ
áԲ㡣ʵûܶסͷͬ˵.
ڶ㣬ֻѧѧˡ
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һȻģ죬һĲԸɳˡ
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ۡ۵ĺܣҲҪ
ԣ̡ǰƬӣǱЪһЪһԶšЦܺͶ׽ֱ͡Ŷ͵
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̾
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һԶͼǲ̫Щ³ӣʵ
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һֱЦһö㶼űָָ㡣ѾͷƢɲССǼˣһԴͷġ
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ӣӹ
ȻһпꡣɫҲ΢΢һ䡣
ʵ۲ء
˵ǻʵѾ.ಡࡣɴٳ
λôһӺĻӵǹϵս׺
ʺһֱڵ޵̼
ĻɻʺġʹѱʺʹƿءдƺҲ㡣


350 ֵ

ʮֵ
ھе̽ӴϢʱ䲢
ʵ۲أӼһյϢҲ˵ʵ۲ֻ⼸顣ߣʵ۲صϢšֻһôһʱ㹻˳վڳϷʩˡ
Ǿƶ䣬ӵǴӼϢҲǵ˾ǣû׼͸컻ءӺĻӰͷء
ֶԳƵ˲Ϣ䡣
ǲҲյϢԲżҴҵĶ
ҡͷ
ҵˣˡŷ껹еġ
Ҳ˵ʲǽӵϢ뿪ġǲҪӿٶȣ
ٶȣҲҪʮܵǡʮ죬ھ˲Ϣľ˵ʵ̫Ԥˡû뵽ȴҡͷ

㸸ʲأĸֱ㣿ǳˡȥʲô壿
ЦҸǸˣԼ˾صġĸҪҵġֻּǽŸɣȻùؾ
ڷּؾС˵Ƕ˼ס
ƫƫڻʼңᱻв֮ģ
ûԷ
ҲԼĸĻΪزʺ˴Юơ
ӣЩƵ˼ʾͷۡȻ˵żȻ㲻⡣Ҫԭƻһ·æĻؾȻӦɽˮһ·ؾģȻʧԡӣʵһʷꡣ
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ףȻĲࡣ
λӣֻһ˱ǴءСһ
ĸףҲʲôѪɡ
ڷңǽѪԵǾԶˡЦ˵ѪȵĻȻ˵ƮƮģӣͻȻ;ȥɣܷҪʲôšãǱһ·ɽˮ
Цˡ
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ͷһȣҼֱǷϵ
ӣʱҾԼʵûʲôס㡣ûĶλ֮ҼλӣụǫáңΪ˵ǸλãٲһѪȷ硣ҲؾĸֳλҵĶкý
ҸʵҲֵˣҸλ󣬼λ岮Ⱥ
ԣ͵ڷһС
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351 ݴ

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352 ·

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353 

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˶Σү档˵үͺȣֻС


354 ͷ

ʮͷ
δǱѾЩ궯ˡ
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355 ü

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ԼСӣһС


356 

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ӣ׼ϡܿźձӡɵûͷͬһ龰ǲۣҲϲֺձӡɱȽ÷Цá
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ǣѹǣֿСţҲԽġ¶Σūû˵»
Ҹ߷һܵŷǲǳԺôů˵һΣ
ūΪʲôǷūֲ׽šüʡӣ̾Ϣûߣֱįư
֮ڷһǰšӣʵͷãȻףӣԸĻǵáºͷһ棬ӣ˵ģڡ
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ٺԼҹͬһˣֱҪﶳˡ
Ҳ֪ͻȻؾһˣȻǲϰߵġ
ҲŬŹκΣǵ£ʵڲ֪κ￪ֻûĶˡ
լӽֵĴϡ
ǰģǽȴüҶҷ·й͵
ûʲôģôһ֣ӣʱЩֵ˿
ŷסƥ
תͷܡǺ⣿
⣬⡭ſȻͨհģ˷·û뵽Щ񣬾ȻΧڽֿڡǡ
ӳУָΪˡѲ봫Խӵҥԡ֪ʧôĿŵǺ˼
壬ĳ
µĴȻɡǰ㵽ˣһ·۳Ͷ٣ǿЩЪϢɡ
ҲûоŲŵ˼תͷӹԦޣԸӣ˳
ղһ֣ǵýֱ߰һƬȲ
ΪĻȻУλүҵġ̳˸ǡ
ղ˻ܶ塣
ѵҵĹӣҹĸƵӢ䣡ģ֣֮ˡ
СۣĪǵλ뿪ҵĴӣ

ڰУΨһܳƵ˵ģҲλˣǰڵʱֻҪƹܵģ˲˵á
Ϊ˹ͨմɫ
ƫƫôõˣȴƵҡЩҲ֪δ
ӰɣҿģЩء
Ҽλӣ˭˲֪˭˲λӻү壬ȻˡˣΨһδ¶ֻˡ۰ӻˣӻˣ
ǲֻ̫Сתš
Ȼ󣬿ܵĶ䡣Щ񡭡ǿҹҵģҵģȴڱ˵ġǸʲôǲҵ˻дȶء
ƫΪմմϲ
뿴ʲô£
Ͷ˿ΣѵλտΪţΪҲɣ
ܸ٣и١ֻҪɵ֪ôѡ
ǲ֮£뷨ӽż˲űֶмģʮֳڣҲͬ뿤ۡ
ܰӣһϲƯӵĻĹ
Ͼӣ
ίʵ̫áܶ඼ǳԷʵĻʿдĻʲôûӣֱ˶㣬ԼжȴһӲˡ


357 ѹ

ʮѹ
еӣһûʶû۹⣬ϲſιӵĴŮ
ռӣȻʹЩܸ֮ͬӣߣһΪӣ
һֶܶš
Ǳͼ
ӣιӣͲλ࿴
⣬۵׽Ц⣬һͷǡ
еҴţүӭ
ݳ֮ʱүһͣȻѾ˴Ϣ˵񡮳Ϣˡ˸ӡ
ûۿүʼЩš
ʲôӣ
ǿ۲ӣԸȥҲЩԾ¼֮¡
һŮӣҿòûۼţүţΪֺӣϧԽֵ
үߣԼʮȼ֮
ңҲʲôΪġ
ߣϳȥ۲Ĳءûпڵ˼үֻûпӡ

ݹ٣δԶӭ뿤ˡ
аûжүŶֶӱô
ʵЩΡ
ֻӣߵˣƺǼ˵ģϲŭġһ
ϷƵģԹүүаޣղϢСת˵үСӦԣλƢƺЩ̫á
ү֪ЩԵġδ£ֻ̫ܵСġԼҵܵԲ٣λƺǸϲŭ޳
ûж
ջǶɤӣӣصλؿƽɡ
һСѾͷһǼƽ
үһṫӸǣҲ¶ߺ֮ɫ
⼸ү˽ġҵֶ׶ӣֶӣ֮ˮ
к£ȻҪչԼֶġ
λģƯҵȱĪģãΪֵıøλܵˡ
ҿðɡ⻽ҵǰǸҵȻᡭģΣֻҪǿ㹻ˡС
⼸ΪŵĺСϰ֮˵Ķ䡣
ӣûţѹӵˣɶⷬԻ˶С
ɫˣֿǺһ뷢ֹ˼ʲôӡ
ڷͷϵЦ⣬ĿĶ򼸸ֶ
ѹ¿˼ɡ˾Ц˱֡
ɰӣšŴӣѧ汾ءνͷǧһҪӣ˭۸ӣһҪڵһ
ѹǸʵˡ
ôģô졣οЩҲ߯Լˡ
Ҫ࿴ӣʲô并ֱӣء䣿һС۾һࡣ
ѹ̡Ķжֻǰ
ȻݺݵһƥǰڿգҼǰҫ㡯һء˴󾪣ŵó鴤ĺˡ
ѹӹЦ
һҼҿǳıӵ
㣬˭£֪˭վŵǰһѹӶš
˭Ǻ£´ҷ˵ЩɲĻұǵͷǲţһԡҵĵþûˣеʡ
ңվλҹӡ
ţӦ֮󡣿Щ꣬ŲڣλӱеճӵԾӡ
ȻɴʱֻӲͷƤǰ
ΪֻӡѹӿɴװǸʵɼҡ
һֻ̣һ⣬ǶûѹγֵģλӸͷϵӱ㱻ȥһһͷɢֱӡ
Դž
ʱжҵӵķ緶ֱɥ֮Ȯ
ѹӴЦ˰
үƤ΢ġ
ֱֲ׸ѹӶţΪ򲻹
ֻܶʡλӺαضȮ˺֣
ѹӿѹ۸ǿͷҲСʲô֣Сû˵һͷʵǹλӿ˵øлңҳ֣ǽѵһ¹ӡҼҿŭҪĿɾǹСˡ
үǽã˲á
ⷬȴѡ
ˣˡˡڣдŮɢɢ
ѹӾֻСϻһ̻ҫһ̱ԹצӡצӣԼ̳һţأצӣһԱģ
֪һ̣Ŵ󵶣Щ˼ҵԴ


358 ס

ʮס
˿Ŀ࣬ʵѹӳļʽ̫ˡֱƴ
߸ûд֮һ̣ǸɷƵȴΪһһ仰˲Ϣġ
ļ
ÿҼҹ·ѹŴ󵶲˿ҳɣ˲ÿһ·
ӣ
òȻʾˣӣ渲ɴ
ҼӸŵһۣͻȻһкڼ˱ǰͼ˵ıǼֺֻӡѹѵûִʣ·ϺСѧġ
С˵ΪӣĻ̴ӡ
һҪάӣǷӣĴʣһҪѧᡣ
ѹӿǷ˾ţ֮ǿѧ˸
ʱһãõʮӰȻ²ҶѹӲ֪ǣǽԼд󵶵Ĺ⡣
µĿɲǾ񣬶ǺڱǰĴ󵶰
үڣԴͷӣһнԺӣſ̧ͷֻһ˴ӵһϸСﻺ߽Ҵš
үӻ֡
үܵˡ
յвĿ⣬
һ˴šȻһŽգЩҪֵͨͨ⡣
ӣ齵ĵطѡģҾõһԺӡ
ҳŮֻеӡܽԺʱ޽ʱŮ׼ġŮԺܵĳŮ
ܵĳŮƽձҴСԳơ
˼ңӹȻҪŮҲͬҪҪҪŮŮ߼ޣһȢܰլ
̫үϷʮ۰Ů
Ǻ󣬱һֱסܽԺֻѰź¡
Ѿʮˣˣ絽ʼ֮䣬ŵ˼ңԻһֱû˵ܽԺסꡣ
ͻȻ䱻֪
˹ͣҪڳܽԺ
СȻԸȥϷˣϷȻŮɶӶ
εĹͶ˵ʮҪӰ켸ǰ̡ϷȨƬ̣ȰŮʱܽԺ
СвʣƽҲҪ÷磬Ҫ
ԾίȻϷǰͷǺλ͡
ӣ֪ЩȻ֪ɲ⡣
һѾͷ벻ۡ
·ֱӽӣܽԺ˶ƵѸ١ܽԺѾˣа趼²õģȻæЩɿǸ
ǰ
Щӵĸӣ񡣡ʱæõÿ⣬ֻܷԸū²á
ӻ֪ӣﲻģԲûҹԸ¡ҹٳǰ̫⣬ֻⲼòñá
ĵǴ¡
ĳ£λݵĹɲ˵
ӻǾҵҵ˹򡣰ܽԺ²һ¡ӣЩأҿ˸飬Ȼӣػ
˵ܻĶµġ
Ҵᣵ̸֮ﶼǴ´µġ
ӣͷһӡֱһԵСѾͷۺ졣
ģһúźλ˹
ӣԳò鵱ӣӷʱӣҡͷɲһʶŮǰȥ
ӣľȻû
ӣʱߺ˵ϲܽԺƷؽҲŵͷ
ҵһһðܾۡûжѹɵõϢүȴ˲һ
ʱں˵
ŵĸֻǡУԸûӡ
ĺöӡʱ˵˴󻰵ġ˵ⱲӲ̤Ҵšż꣬ˡ
үڶȡ塣
ŵʱ˵ǣٻһӣٻҡβ
ɵүУȴŷĲ̤Ҵţһɫ£ֻеͷ͵ķݡ
棬Ҳ֪ʲôӪȻ˿ۡȻˣҲûŲţѾǶˡǵж£ΪҡֱĹΡ
̲
үպݺ˼ţǿѹŭȥϷҸĸˡ
ϷǸģƽ±û⡣ɷ򣬶˵ʲôʲô£ȻһĻӡ
̫үһߡ
˾
Ȼ󽫳ӻǰϸϸš
㰡ͿʱѶСǰʲôã̫үеĶСӣүĴӣҼֶվмǸҲǱѹһŵЩ˿ӵǸ


359 

ʮ
ʵڿſһĸֵͬܡ
ѵСӰͷﲻɣȻɿĵˡǸĿңǵûҶ棬͸˸
רŴ͵Ժӡ
ŵҪܽԺ
Ϊ˲òܽԺգǵǱֶŮá
ˣǸԺӣҲʱÿס졣ӷ磬žȻҲܾˡǿ˼ΪˣҲȰת⡣ǺҶŸɡ
˼ǿʲôͷֲǻ¥ġ̫үߵүΪ⡣ĵǸӰĶһ¡
ߴһѿιӸĿ
ԾǸΪͼӣ˰﹫Ӹߡ
ǽ˭ȢͷҲһƬ͵Ĵԭ޶ȣ˼ҵݰ
ֻҪһ仰¾мλӹǻʵۣҪӵġ
Լ䣬ûгͷ֮ա
Ȿ˫Ӯ£ƫƫҪԡ
ܲռλòţֲֻһӡ
¼áΪλȻһнŰţضʮֿأʱǰˣǴŵŲ£ǱĬҲϱȥҸöСڿǰ¶Ȼϲ꣬öСʰؾЩһ˿ۣСӴ𣿡
Ҳֻˡ
㰡̫ˡȻסң˲ɣ
үͷ
ø˵Ĳ°ʮڣֻһѵܵҵ·ɣ
ܲܵҵ·
ǣܡ
Ϊӣ¹۸ʮֲҲûʲôθڣЩżһߣȥţϾҡʲôʲôŪҲЩ
Źʱ
ӣԺУʯϵ
̧ͷӣһ¡ǲ°ˣǣǰʮ壬Բӡûڳ±ϰףʮ壬ǱΪԲӡ
ԲӰꡣ
Ȼ¶Цõɫ㵱ҵ棬˵һˡӣ㲻һ𣿡
㲻ᡣ֪ҵ˼û㡣
ǣᣬΪá
һ·Ȼʱ䲻ࡣԶעӣֻҪ£һԥǰ
һ
ͷ罺ᡣǲʣָҪ
ֻҪ֣ԸԶڱǣҲҲʧ䡣
ţϣֻа顣飬顣ҵĸ硣మҲԹżҲ;֦ڣޣ˲ᡣ
ȰˣסҾңȻǰҡУҲͦҪġ
ǡ⻰ɲ÷֪㶮ģʱС
űӣüĶЦˣ·֪ӣ˵ʱ顭
ͦڴġ
С鷳£ˡǰΪ鰮ǰ㡣ŨͣѺֵȻ˴Թޡ
߱ˡ
ӣͷ˺顣Ľȴʡ
ţѾҡѻǻѨҶעҪһˡǲҪһЩˡ
ųĬƬ̡
ȻЦЦЦԼ
ʵҲʲô˵¡ҲˣҺ˲񡣡
˵ʲôӣΪȻжٺӺ͸ĸĲ񣬿Ҳ˾˵⺢Ӳİ
Ȼ˵ʲôҥԴʮ꣬ʮ꣬Ҳࡣ
ӣ¶⣬̧ͷٴе¡Ѿ⡣ɸġԴ̤ҴţűŬѹš
ʱͻȻ뿪ˣһиӣ
ĸԴӽҴţһֱҸѹֱҺŽ˺תֻʼ˵ҵģףҲĸס
ʱ⣬˵ˡ˻ȥġ
ֱĸҲʼҵĳ
ӣ¶¼лԼӵĸ
ǻĸױ˸סĸ״ӲլޱѸ׵Ŀܡ׻ĸΪ㣬͵ת
ӣ֮£ûֻ֣и֡
͵ת
ĸأ𣿡
š
ĸײʱ⣬Ѿͷɡлš͵תô͵ת𣿡ӣɴҥԵģһǡ÷ӡˡ


360 ޻̸֮

ʮ޻̸֮
С˵ﳣдڣʵҪ뻻ӣɲС˵ɵġ
ƺ̫סʼ磬ԼЩ飬ӣУʵЩ˷ЦҲЦˡ
Ȼأ
Ȼ󰡡Ȼĸ׾ȻҲʼɣǲıˡ
ң֮
˵ЩЦءǰã׿ڸӣԽԼЩֱ׻ˡΪʲôȥ飬ŪࣿԼίղЩԣŭҡ
ӣųԼĹ
ԽԽЦ˿ԻŵĳΪĸףλ˾ȻҲΪ˵ĻɶĲ¼Լ׵Ķӣʹվһ𣬰Ϊࡣ
֮治С
ǳ˼ʶҵûĸҲһԼĶǲԼģʮ»̥һ䣬Ҳϴ
֮ȷ治СĸȷʵҲҵĳųʱ̥ǡĸ׻ǲǳ㱻˵ˡ
˽޶ۡûʲôֻҪԼ֪Լ˭áǲ¼ҲãҲգʵΪ̫ˡҲһ£ҥԣһ֮󣬴Լ߰ʱʼģ
üĬˡ
ܼ򵥣ֵ̫ˣСģټϴâ̫ҫˣֶĹâסˡȻ˿㲻˳ۣҪɱһɱ硣ֻû뵽㵹Ըˡ
ҲҲΪҥԲ뿪ҵġֻۡίΪ׽ĸ׶ʼίΪСǱﳤģͻȻ䣬˶ɻԶĿ⿴
佱Ҳ֡
ƺһϦ䣬˰ͽҴӣɥ֮Ȯ
⣬ʽ
ˣԸ뿪ȥһ˭Ҳʶĵط˵ǰҲ뿪Ǻ̫ƽġ
̫ƽ֪̫ƽҵ¡մȾЩѡ·Ǳȥķ
˸˸ʾ˵иׯ֮ˡ
ıȹ¡ʱ˴򽻵Щɹнӽ˶⡣˴򽻵⣬ȥׯһرꡣ
żʶ
ǴһȻ󲻴ʶ
꣬żȺȾƣֻ֪ˣҵλΣġţǴµţӦǻˮġ
ǶཻʳֻƢ͡
ֻû뵽ȻǷꡭ
Ϊӣ󣬾ȻȻȻĸӣһ뿪Ҳڤڤ֮춨ɡͻȻ˼ׯѵĺܣļͻȻټȥˡ
뿴ÿһӣл͵Ĺﱻ̧ׯ
ӣʱĿ⣬ſЩ۾ǣʱ⣬ΪԼڵĴæ֮١ûСʼûкڸӣһ뿪
μȻٴ̤Ҵţǲ˴㣿
ӣŵ˽⣬룬Ǿٴ̤Ҵһġ
һӦ˸Ǿϻλ֧ӦͥӣʵڲǸܳɴġܼӡ
ҴµҵĴӡҵõģΪҪøˣ
ſĵܵܣǺһĸͬģģˡ˳ĵճӣΪҪĶ
ǲҪóȥӼҲǺõġ
ΪʲôƽױЩ˲¹ͷĶ
Ҳѡ϶ĳû⡣Щ⣬ûңʱ̵š
ӣˣҲôġҴ㡮
¶Щʲôеġ½ƣòϻλǰҵΣ
ɼǺ
ⲻҪġ
ҪǿƶһС
Ǹ۸СáôȥɡӣҪʲôҰң⿤ѹһѹ¡סܽԺһֱҶŮסšСӼ̱ſڱ˶̴ڳǰȴʮֹɡҾǹҪŭ
û۸㣬ŻҲãұʲôֶΡ
ӣǸЩӣңֻӣһСĵط


361 ҹ

ʮһҹ
ֻ겻Խı䱾
Ⱳ˶̤ҵĴΡ뿪ңĸá
ֻǡ
ԩĻңգ̰ӣ
ӣЬ䡣
ŭʱ˾ֲʲô¡һҪллءȻŸͷίʵЩءӾͳǸŮߵǹٵ˴ϢǴӹٵתǣ˾ǣӣԻѰǡ
߸ŵģǺһ·ġ
ûеСϰߣϲΪ
㶼ᱧԹԼѾͷķС
Ĳ
ǳ̣гȺ͸̲ҿ߹ĿһΪ˰ԩҽׯʬĿһΪˣϧյĿ
ϣҲҲڶˡ
οˡǲҲ⣬Ҳû㵱֣ſڵĸȥ£һӦ¡
лǧ۳ɶл֡
֮䣬ؿ֪㻹ЩңҲ㿪ڡֻǼ۸ҵ˵ġҲ֪ߵغ񣬻ǰǰ£Ҳ
áʲôҲῴ۸㡣㣬ҲһЦ
ȻԻЪϢ
ӣԭΪԼʧߣʵЩϴϰ˴ϵ
ͻȻ˰̤ʵˣӦˡ
û뵽ͷմͷȻܿ˯ȥ˯ǰƺŵζζЩİ˯Ѽ䣬ƺ˵
ˣ
عӣһ·࣬ƺ͹ӷֿЩá
ƺǶ
ҵķӦأ
ļﶼЩģЩľȻڱ۹˵ģãǱǿ͡ģãǿڹ￤ϣֻܱ۾ǰա
Ȼһ󰲾
ܺá˵
ӣͷԼˣЩˣʵ᲻۾
ǲòٴγ˯ȥ
֪ܵľ졭
ӣȻ۾Ȼ󿴵˺Цӡ
ӣߵ˼ˣЦˡôŷֿ죬㲻ʶˣ
磬㣿
ѵ˸ð䱾ɣ
ӣ˵Щ֪룬ʵֿû죬ֲСӣԼҪСƵģ̸ֻ˵
ÿ춼Ҫ˼顣
ҲԼǸҪʱʱŵģķֿŷ֣Լ̫ˡ
ʵǲ˷ֿС
ʱʱͷճһʱ޲÷ǿӣɲؽС
ٲκ˶࿴һۡŮ˵ļİ¡
ȻûСŻؾ죿ô𣿡
ʲأӵıһ̼ɻʺϧһ·۳Ͷ٣ڸкúþա
ؾ󣬻û㸸ʣһ棬ȷ没ݣǿ˵˼˯ˡ죬ұ㱻·СǾţԱл͡ᣬǲһеӣ
Ҳ֪Լ¡
ҰӣиʱȻǴǣĺ룬ʵܿˡȻܱӣƽЩҲǿԵġΪʲôƫƫӣš
Сһֱ԰ӣͼ
ȻϡҲǸȥ
ӣŽţ㱻µˡ
Ǻ³̸
죬İӣҪźŪˡԼϡĸأɼˣͷƺ˵ӣЩҲٿѯʡ
˶˶˽Ļ
΢΢ףѵһֱţԣʲôʱģĶԻģΣǲöʲôˣ
һ޹
ʾԼáΪ뾪ˣֱӽӣԺӡ
ӣüһɡĪ˯ĺܳ˯ǰƺŵһ㡭˯Ѽ䣬ѯʶ㣬磬Ӻɷ򣬸Ҫҵ
Ĭ
ʵΪӣʵӺɷûʲôִ
ӭӣ˵Ŀ⣬ͻȻԼ̫δЩ
ϰԵӣԼؾķ򣬿Ǻһʵӣ
ǸĹ
˭۸Ҳͬͬ⡣
Ը⣬Խҽ췭ظðɣҡöЩ㡭Ϊ˵뿪ӣûϢãۡѯʶ㣬ȻΪӣԶֻǱϲǡ


362 

ʮ
ˣԼҲǱϲǡ
㵽ˣʱӣš̸ġ
һĻȻ̼ˣԱ飬ƵϴȣΨ¹ӣСĺܣһԹ˵ĹίʵЩ˿ЩӣⷽҲ
ദƽ¡
Ҳ֪ӣǱͨѸõĹϵҲвҸӣضӣȥ
Ȼ鷢
ɿ˲¡»ۺˡ
ӣǶԴӣֿӣû˯һȾջռϷ壬öȼ˰㣬Լö֮
ŲϣǿΪ֮
ԼΪչӣ
Сû뵽ӣֻлϲȫ޶ŭ⡣ǹΪһµĻͻȻɢˡ
ˣһʲô㣿
Цһ
ҵİ㰡ЦŽ¶𰸡ԼòĸоõĻϴܡβˡ
ʱ仹磬˯һᡣ
ӣҡͷ˯š
˵гӲҪһҪ㾫񡣡
СңԸһѾͷС¡
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364 ޵ҫ

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365 ¼ֵ

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368 Ӧ

ʮӦ
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׵ʱȻƶ
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үү棬㲻𷣣Ҳѵ񼸾䡣Ǵô㲻֪ء
˭ҲҪ˼˭Ƿ䰡
ôððȻǰ
ڱҪӣƴӡ
үѾǲ֪ˣֱǲ֪
ǡֻȻüͷ΢ɿӣƺȴģԺķüǱߣܽԺڡ
ܣȷĲףһúȰȰѾͷȥǣԺٴǸ˵ˣҲҹˡүҪ»С
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ŵĻְأܽԺӣ׷Ҳýء
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νĶ֣ӣĻЮƬ̡µĺԼ˿Ƶġ
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ڣҵζŵģҵĺãԵ±Թǳ˵ˡ
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үѾȷӣ͵ӹϵ׺Ƕӳ£ӣֽ֮ӡһЩţ
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ЦңἸ겻飿Ȼӣ£ӣѵ£ʲôҫжܽԺʲô
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Ѿϣʱ⣬ӶвͨǰԨ
Ҿܶ˵ĲǸӣʵڲġϷ˰ǻ
ǶʲôⶼʲôʱˣѰӣзӣЩҲᴦ衣ȻǾǵؽ磬й˶ţëɲһܵҵĿɽġӣ͵ĸࡣ䵽˺ֻӣֱӽˡֻҪԸ˵仰Щţ񶼵ȴ


375 δ֪

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һʱ䣬үһߣүϷվһߡ
һƬš
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ү뿪ɫ΢컹ʲôĸ׻ʵ档
үܾøղŵֳ棬ĸײûȫ˵ȻϷ˴ӣ
ôҵϷˣȥһܽԺʲôĿģӣһСܸöмѡӣʼա˵ûۿ
ӦԣһѾͷ
ֱֱ̫
ɫԽѿˡͿŽҵδеӣϣֱǳ롣ĸףǲ硭㣬үϷ˶ڣϷһ¶֮ɫүָ˵˼䣬Ϸڻͷ
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ĸ׷ģŴ硣ǰ˻ҹңҿɷ£ȻӣͶߵĽǲϢ͸¶ӣӣǣһءǰ˴ӣһӵǻΪۣȻٲҵĺôܱȴⲡͶҽĺá
ôû¸磿
ү۾תתȻΪ˷үһ֡
ټϾô̫ʢֲ̤ʵĸо
֪ھһ죬ү˾һ˼ͽǶӡʵ棬һŭһӴ˺κ¶ҡĸףҲ޶ҵӺ밡ģҿľƣһǴʤµļӣҲͶǿһ֮뾩ãŻؾȻӡ
үϷ˵ľơ
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ȥܺϷ˿̸Ȼ˵꣬񣬶ϢĶߡ
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ҲǡȨƣûҪⷢչҪţҲѡңǿǸˣȴ˱ϢûŸϳţҲ˥ˡ
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ЩƽˮŻҲǿ¡
ûǰѹ񲻵˻ԼĺӡȲ˵ΣСҲЩɡĶЩʲô¡ǰЩҪŵ쿪İҡҲ֪˵ǲǱ¿߹
ն񡣡
ֹնҵоӣֱײϣҪļջˣֱ
ʶ١Сڹг󣬱ʶġ񡯡
Сӣ˶٣ʵϵĶнʲô
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ֲֻᡣֻ˵ҼȻţʲô׷ġ
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ǰӴЩʲôͷЩһȣֱС׻񾩳ǰƣûԸʲô
ô궼ǻôӵǻ˻ʺµĶҪȥȵӣɲλƻĻĵңƹŷ°뱲ӡ


376 ҹ

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ӣɲλĻĻʵȥ̷֣ƹŷ
ֻǽ˸ܹһյĹŮƺҡ
ӣĸףλҲеġ̳ˡ¶Ϊ˳ͽӣȻĲҩ÷һѹ¶ԡ
ڻؾ
ĸ澹Ȼû˵仰
ĸףλĸаɡ
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רĻ˵
£÷ȥɡˡ
ǣǡƺ۾һȻЩķӣԶҶȥӣԼͷش𣬷һͲԡ
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Ȼģ档ӣˣײ
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˵ƤЩ񣬿Ҳܲסôֱװ찡¸ɡƺûĵ棬¿ϴӱ鲼
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ѹϣȻ󴽼һͨݲУӣ뵽˵ǣ֪㲻ǿڡ
ȶϮյȻЩǱҲûкӣġ˵Щ£һҪ׺ΪȻǾӣԸΪӣŬΪһӡ
ӣﲻ֪ǸøжǸһľͷ
֪Ҳ֪￪Ų֪ٱˣôͲ֪ͨأôԹƺƵġ˺ЩƽԼҵû÷ſӣ
˲ԣ֡
ӣС糺죬Ϣ΢ҡ
һΪӣϣƺҪ
ת⣬͸ܿӱ鲼ҹգƽܺ嫣ȴðġɵ룬Լؾ⼸죬ҹҹߣ˯Ҳֻǳ˯ƺиǱŵġ
ɵӣ
ȫ½ƺˡ
ߣ۾ȥܹ塣
룬ߵĹⱲˡֻҪߣʲôնҲãҲգ̹Ȼߡ
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ĸΪʲô¶
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ӣԺʲôӣ
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硣Ҳϲӡˡô˵ءǸƽģҲעһƽˡأˣҿԼЩ°ɡͨǰӣеѶȣֻŮһҾ͵ڼꡣȥԧϷˮܱѼˮ
ӣһֱһͷ˵˵֪Ļ
ֻһ棬һƺ˵Щʺϡ
Ȼ꿪ڣӣԾͰѻ˵
Ҳ㵱ʵۡҲһСҲܲˡ磬ȥɣǽɲ⣬Ǳ̸ǻ̫ƽȥ̫ƽġʵۡʵͦϲ̫ƽģʵһؽ뵱һӾƷ֥ٵ
һȥšһӶĹء˵ſϸ󡣡
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顣ǻ̫ƽҰСŪĵطȥһ굽ͷҲ档
̫ˡʹˡ
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ӣҲףǰһҪ̽Уֱܸߴˡһ̣˵ĻƫʮǧȻƫǰˡ
ǰɻһһӣģ
ŷ֣మһһ޹ؽҪĻ⣬ҲȺ˵һ
л̫ƽ㻹ǰСŷɻظɡ˵СǱˣһ·ҲǾĽˡ
á
ֿѹӣҲһͬظ
á


377 ʦ

ʮ¡ʦ
ڷסܽԺӣá
ӣûоɲʾ˶Դûп
һ·Ȼ֪ӣͷͶϡɱϾδȢŮδ޵ġһֻͻȻûطˡ
ǵڶˡ
ҲǸ徲֮ءӣλӹһңһ
ҥð
֪Դ˷Ӧʮ䵭Ǽֿѹȴһ
һ·ϣӣȻʱɶҲؾǡټ˶Ǳӡһ磬֤
ӣͷʱһϳš
ѹǸĳģֿһƣ֪νҥ԰˳ġȻģ㲻ҥˡȻЩ˷סӣϾڹģƺ翪ţ˵Ѹټޣ˷飬͢ͷݺء
ôһ룬ӣ꣬ƺҲʲô¡
ѹӹֱЩһ
㣬ôܺסһ𣿻ỵġѹľӣ̫Կˡ
ˣԣҲ˲ֺӣǸﰡ˵ĵģܰѹӽЩᵶƴǱֿţʱӣҪϱУˡ
ֿȥѹӵ䣬û
ѹ̫ˣצġ
ӣһһѾĵСӡôһĻỵء
һԷ̧̧ӣֻһۣѹӵʱһ·һ𱻽ͰˮϨˡ
ղ̫ˣһʱûʶҲڡ¡
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ˣһҲǽ̣Ҳǽ̡쿪ʼÿԺѧʱִ磬СҲһɡѧЩǺõġ
գӣͽܡ
ԭʦģ뿪ʱӶҪѧˡ˰˷ܰϲð
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ЦЦӣȻġǼֳһᣬ֣


378 

ʮ
νջࡣ
ɹֵܡ
Ż˽ᣬҺӣ˵ҲûǣˣӴ˺Ȼһ
⻰ͦ˸Уκз֡
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ӣö࿴ȥڡ˵Ժͷһ𱣻İΣ
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Ŀ̫¶ˣüƺȤӣ䣬ȴֲ֪뵽ʲôֻӣ˵
İΣΪء
ֻҪȫÿں
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Ժǵʼݣٲ³ضŭⶼ˲
ͬ齶ߣӣʲôڷ꣬ǣᱡӣˡο˵¡ӣǿɫµˡ
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˵үӣȻ࣬ڷ꿴һָͷǮƣ֣úúô߷硣
Щү¸ģͨͨ㣬͵ǰĺ񡣡
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ִֿǧ
磬ԭôˣӣӹ´꣬Ȼ¶顣ǰӣϷȥĶ㣬ֳһš
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ʵСЩһǧҪҳͷأҪżֶ߷̡ǳ롣
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ӣĵѹ֪Գơ֪һӣҲҴⰡ
ȨƣɲСϡ
ȷʵ顣ʸ֦αұϾǳҲվһ㡣Ӧȥţ취Żת⣬ǵãȻѹһҵ޳ס񵹺ãֱӺ˺ƤֱǴ㡣
ڸߴˡ뿪ңֻеķݡΪûҵţλǰҲȻʧɫǲ޿֡
ҿ뿪ţյǻ롣
ȥ԰йʱүǼλӡģֱһѾҲ»ŵĳǶʮǰľˣЩѡֻҪܻ˿Ѿ÷ͷȥˡȴ˲Ժе˲𡣡
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ÿ춼Ŵ
ɿүҵλӣֻüķݡ
Ҳע⵽ˣҲһ˫°ɣǲ鲻ʲôҲǸý
ܽԺС
ӣ簤ż˵Ļ
żǳЦ
үԺȴƻͨϨƵʱ䣬µĵûѾͷҽϨơ
Уүھ̹ЩŵһŵˣүһȥС׽ĸף㿪£вͷĵ㵹ãȻ˸ֱѵ֪ǰĺˡֻҪԸ⿪ڣҲֱ˵˿γҴ²ɣ
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СڡֲҵĴ㵱ôֲǸɵӣôϰ㡣һ֪С֡Ѿ御ˡѵ뵱ҵĵճӣ̳мҵɣ
ʱүѾһٻ
û뵽źֽǲߡ
ٴζ˺ֱ֡ڵϣۣȴüޱȡ
үȻ𽵹
ۿڵȫȻ֮ɫⱲӴδԲҵ¡ʱʱĸߵҲڡβȥϸʡ㶼ûȥ飬һҧѪ


379 »

ʮ·»
ʲôòģӲĵˣĳ㣿ңҿûֺĶӣ㡭Ҳ˽ģء
⻰ֱġ
ıѾϰˡ
ԼȫµŮ˶ˡ
Ů͸ԷΪ죬ɷζֻ͵ķݡЩ꣬򲻻֣ڡȴûү˿䱾
뵽Ŷ˵Ļ
дϵĬȻͻȻЩԼˡ
ǧ򲻸ûŵȫ˶ŵĳΪĸףҲɡ
żѳЩǶߣӣи֮
踺أԹȴԼ˻ɺͱ˽飡
˾ֱһЦҵãĶǿ̫ˡ
ӣүĶŮ
ȻЩҶﵽͷϣ˭޻˭ܹһѡү۾ԲɣƺЩšҪ֪׶ʮ꣬Ůһֱδỹڣỹˡ
ǽ졭ҰɡˣȻźá
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գµĳ÷ȥ԰ʳȻ˷ꡣ
ֻſһõġɹµǰΡ
ֻҪ΢΢üµľ;ȶת˫.ȷƺĤݡ˵ʮּ÷ӿЩһ³ɣлʵνлʲô
ʣµѾ˿ڡ
һǧ³ɺٸһǧǧӣ㹻ѰطԺһˡ
ƺĲ١˼壬Ǹӣ㻨ǮͳǧĸԼˣβһǧ
Լܵ衣
ǻصܽԺд˷š磬ùٲˡ
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ڿһܻеġ
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ԼҶ֪ģƽʱżмӣѹ·
ˣ⼸¡ǴˣЩǡҲڳη
οηƫƫôҪͷԡλͿͬԺӵĹ˵Ѿڿߴ߷硣Ӧ˵ЩʱҪһҼλӡ
ƫƫͳ¡
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ǰʹͻȻͲˡλϲϷӵˣ˸ܶ
λ̫ү棬˽ƻΪ飬ΪͶʦүҲͻȻȾڼҡûʦүӣ֪͸˭
үǱҲͬС졣
ӣҲ·ˡ
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ѾȥټˣգῪж˰
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궼ȫ
հš롣
ģǸ겻ɢġȻԸΪӣҺúһͷ֮ŭƺˣңŲϻֽкء
ҪһţҲһԪˣһƶϴƺףҸЩҲǣǿһţƽʱæЩٲҰӣ
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386 ÿһ

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387 ֮

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388 ˷ָ

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ܣǿϹЩˣǵĺ·ӣүġ
ǷȻֱֻ죬ſʵ
СǼðģû⣬ǶǾ˺Ĺ󡣡ˣЪһЪɡģҾȪµġү뿪ڣһ֣Сǰǿзƺ˵ʲô룬վûпڡ
οܵҰġ
һһȪܰĶӰǰ档
ȵģֻĵ㡣ûȪҲն䵽С
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ǰΪͻȻŲӵҥԡʱǲģǣܣѪ˵ѪʲôңΨѪҡ
ôǱĬ
ҲţŲ⡣
ʱʱСֻ߰ǻûʱ챻ޣСһЩ㣬õ۱Բȴ㡣ⱲӣйоصĹӲǳ룬»ʵ䷴
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ǣѾӦˣΪܣλƽպʪɽ¶ˮүѾתոյλãͷγɶ֮ơ
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ܵǶ⣬ϸ֮»ճУ˲ɵ﷢ë


392 ұ

پʮұ
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ֻ˰ӣѾѶԷҧĿȫˡ
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ͽӣǰ̵ġ
ôһ֡
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ܲٿڡ
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ط꿪ڣҼλѾ࿪ڡղŴȪϵİӣҲɱӺˡ֧ҵģҲҴҿ˿ڡԼ˵ˣ䵽Լϡ
Ȫ㣬˵ҪЩ
׮Ȫʹġ
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ֻǺȪȣûôء̡һǧü˶¶֮ɫⱲӶٻؾˡ


393 ſ

پʮ´ſ
ȻұסСһӶҪǼຮ֮ء
ʱҲ֪סС˻ǲˡ
Ȫ㡣дʣ㵱ȻɵˣСһ̱ڵء
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֣Ļ۾
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˵
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ڣҲܹҫͥӣ̾
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ӣǿңйҼζ
˵ĻȴӲĺܡ֮ſڣȴͻȻ֣ԼλӦվ·硣


394 ն

پʮն
ӣ˵ĲǼٻ˵£ȻԹȴ׷ˡ
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ӣȥǣȥǡһ죬ӣңҲΪӣһ·͡ĳΣǲҵѪѾˡ֪ӣҪʱҲֻĿ΢΢һȻһ·ĬŸӣ˹á
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ģȷʵˣҼλӸղڹϵıִҶˡ
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395 ͻ

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ܣ¶Ҳŵ顣յϢƣӣδˡӣ߸һӣֵܲŻԼӺֶҲ͵ӣ߷һͷ

ΣԹװʾˣ˵δޡǳף˺£ǰظĸ˷ޣ˺£
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񲻳ʲôܺĹޡ


396 ŵ

پʮŵ
һĿ⣬ͻȻ֡òΣԭҲǸͨˣҲһ̳˲¡ǰһ̵Ĳʳ˼̲ݣ˴ʱԳ˼ҳ̣Ρ
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һһ֤á
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ţѾͷиɴֻģ֬ģڵβļȻǴҹġ
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Сڶʲô˼
үɫףƺܵĴ̫ءټŵ֤ŲҵĹ⣬ô꣬ǰװ˶ӡ


397 ˵

پʮ˵
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ЩԴЩԽȼü֮ÿʱĸ׵ʮأ׷ʣĸȴֻҡͷԼǸжģмǵˡ
ʮֱ꣬ޡһصˣֱǰĸͻȻءϢæϻҡڣĸ֮ʵһܡ
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399 ʮ꣨£

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400 ˲ò

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401 ˼Ĳ²

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403 ɱ

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405 ̹״ӿ

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406 ķ

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ʱһѵ裬ǾͻȻ飬ǶԷһӣǹΪǸСǶԷ޲ŷĽŮ˵ŮǣҲһ·в˴Ů⣬Ƿƴ໤Ů֮֡
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408 ҧһë

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409 Ŀ

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412 Ʊ

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417 మһ

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419 ʳ

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ܵʲôʱ򣬷ƺԶһʤȯյ顣ȻϵλôˣһǾ˵ǰʮңһûأһ˵Ҹôл
ȻǣվǰĽʺȥɡ
˰ɡʩȻôҺáڱУҾǸ˹֣Ůûʲô԰ڵġ
ɵ´ӣƮƮ˵
Զ֪Լж
ľͷ˹ȻƯΪǵġ
ǧƪһɵƯʲôϡġӣѰ
վڹ٩٩̸վڱ飬˵ӣᵽʬ˲ضׯϡ
˽£ȴǸͿ
Ͼ¶飬ɵģ治µС
룬ĴҼӣҲһԵģֻĻˡİţ⡣λֱض¶󶯸ɸ꣬ȵ˾ǣһϷɿˡ
ɾ˷ĿɳҲⲻǰ֮Σ


421 

İٶʮһ·
ʱΣͻ档磬˵ǻ¡
ֲˡ
ᣬӣĵ
ڹؼʱ̱죬ȻȥƺرϲüͷһŹ˾ӡ
Ҳ֪ȺʲôʱˡķչȻӣϣȻºϿķ´Ƿ꣬ӣ֣ԽǴаǷԽòšֻһ¿ˡ
еİ汾УѾһʧȥټ
ȥˡ
˶̥Ůл˶ӽз
˶ǿʲôӣ꣬һɷꡣ
ǰѶŮϷƺͦ¡
Ʒ˼䡣
˵˶ŮڷʵҲ˶ĸСҲͦͯȤĺãȻǻ޵ġ
ӣˡ
죬콵ɡ
ѡ˴ƽ¶ޡѵûӣƺҪţùźŻ뿪Ӫˡ
ֱʱŹ顣
ӣΪʲô֪
˱˯ϰˣͻȻû˿˯ж
ɼףѰ
ҹ˯ҲЩ̤ʵֱӵһĻУų˯ȥڶ뵱Ȼˡӣ۾ʱԼڻ
бţŷڿܵӣĿ⣬ͷ
ˡ
ôңǲҪǰʲôʱˡ
Ѿʱˡ
ӣȻԼȻ˯һ硣οһ
ʲôҷԸˣԭЪϢһ죬ٶ
ӣһСְ˵ǰҹ˵Ĳȡ֮⣬˯첹
ӣ
Ӷɾˡ
ûʲôŵˣټӸ˯ֱܼˡ
걻ЦˡֻҪܶ飬˲ת硣
ղǻдġ
˵Ҫ֡Ȣ˭ԣȢǵƶŮҲĸ顣Ȣӣ롣

ʵͦһ䣬Ǿʹȥɡ
ԼǹһˣøԼŮԷ껹ĸ֮ģӿǷţΣ
Ȼ鲼ˡ
ӣֻһ򵥵𴲶ܶ˲Ƿĵš
ǲ̫ˣ
٣ոպá
Ȼ˿ڣӣ㡭Ϊѵˡ
ϳԹŷһһĶ˼졣
ͻȻ䣬м۵н
лųӣӺĻӡ
ƺһҲ⡣ֻӦһˡƬ̺󣬳һӵܣΪֿרؾģ㻹˵꣬ԼЦ
磬㻹ЦԼЦˡ
ȷʵЦô׽ġ
粻˵ãһ˵еãֵܿһ겻֪ǲˣ
У˲һ
ӣ.еľйһ磬ëֱһ̣괽͵¶ǳǳЦ⡣
ЦŻӦ
ӣӲʣλֵܡܵдλֵܰɡ˵꣬ӣĶͷƽ°ڣ˳ᡣ
Ѹһһ
ȥˣת˲ʧƬ̼䣬ӣԼüۺЦӣֻЦŶ⡣
ͷZ˾ӺͶȥǹʹ
˴ʱֱ֪λӡǲˡ
ӣûӺĻƺЩڻߣ˰˼С˵ҪһҰȤ
Ū˶ûȥԡ
֮֮¡
ʼճĬţһſģλƺҲ⡣
˵Цš
ⶼ벻ӣҹҰԵ£֪һʱ䲻ҹټӸ굹ù
ߵĻżֿˣ鶼ÿ
굹糣
ôϡͿ˰ʱλҰ⡣
ʾⶫ˳ԵġܣǺαء̫ƽ̫ƽ¾򣬶ĵ̡˵αΡҪʲôֻſڣТϲˣֻҪԱʾһ£ͽСǺοأ
̾˵ֻ飬һĵֳܵܵ
Ļӵͷ˵˵ĶԡαҪؾ֪ײϲĸЩ䣬ҲͻȻּ뾩˵游ʺ٣ǰ길ʴ٣ҲûͻȻʵˡòɰ


423 ˳ɻ

İٶʮ˳ɻ
г̽£еһ̫ûȤЩ
ϵһ֣صĵͷ
ʱֶԼ䡣
ȻЦŵͷ
Ǹ˫Ӯľ档Ȼͱ㴰ֽĻȻûҪٲҴˡ
ŷ˼񾩳зӣ鱻ķģȻȫҥԣЩȷʵ̫ЩôҴӣ߯ԾΪڮӣյĿ÷ӣĿɳû˿ɽͱھˡȻùԹԹ̫ƽء
¶֮ɫ
˭Ȼôҡ
ɫһһҲҲ֪ԭʲôλûʲôҲǶˡ
ڷʱķӦ
ȻҪάӣģã֮ԸһؾΪӣô
ԼҸҪҼֱġôһ룬ӣյһҲ˳¡
ܳȥֵܼοǷǳʱڡܣ͸͸װɡҺĵܶСǱ߳£һʱѲַĲܣһˡ
ȻҪʳ˺¡ֹԼ㷴⡣
ַ겻飬ߴ١
ЩȤĵһ֮䣬ͻȻڳ޴콵֮
ȷʵʺ񡣡꾹Ȼ˵ͷ
Щĵǰ׳ôһˡ洫ɷҪ˵ãǵһǽˮӣٱZ㣬֪Ｘ
ʺֻҲһ浹ȫǳ֮ԡ˼ǣǿʥˣءοǷˡ
ƺЩˡ˼ǣǰԴǰһģͻȻ䣬Щ˵绵ûˣµȫǳ̴ģ
ĵڶˡ
˼𣿡
Щ֡ѵҲ˱ݲɣΪʲôڰ𣿡
ƺڰ磬ɶ˵ûǲԵЩ١֪ˣضҲãԣ˵ףڰ磬ڰ硣ҲձĨˣΪַǰ׳ôһž
ȴԭǸͷZµɵϡ
ѹ־ӣǿôˡǰЩɣķһ۷ˡ
Է֪ʵڲΪ㡣
һԷZۼŷͷ˵֣±βҿڡ
һԵķк¸²裬ZͻȻ÷겻ͦĵģȷģÿθĶ衣ܣģĸ绤㡣
лĸ硣Цĺ͡
ֵΧżҳǷZ˵żӦ䣬Ļ٣˶ϰˣҲ䳡
ӣУȫ̵˹ڣֵ˵ĶԻ˸ʮʮ
жԷZͷ˴ŵӡ
˲ɵǵɵǸͦƵģһֱܱǹʹʵȻӣãԸǹʹģľ֮ɡ
װһ֪Ƶģ
λĵ£Ϊ·ء
ȵʱZһ˦ɵ֮Ҳ˦ĵ¡
λ£ɴ̡װ֪ݼʮָȴŪס˷ɼǸ۸ڶġУ˱ûоġ
ڷZ˵λµĸУһ
ȻŮǲܳģλλҲǸԵģȴ̳ôһֱĶ
ûӣӣ˱ڽǣڳСƬ̡
ʱѾˣ۾ӹݹʵӺĻأ
ͻһȥˡ
ö˶˵ģôȥˣֻǸп羰Ȼ˾ǣҪææµµĲˡĸҪһᣬ类ֵĲðĸȥˡ
Ȼô򵥡
Ȼ˵ļ򵥣Ҳͼ򵥵
ӲСЩ
Ҳֱղ֪λУȻôĬĬŵĻصҲ
ֵҫ
Ȼ˵һԺӵĸλưԺ󹬡Ҳ˶Ŀ˵ˡ󹬰ˮƺÿ϶һ߹ӡ
Ȼ浥Ůӣᱻ̵ʬ޴ġ
һգϸλĺ󹬡
ĺ󹬰ӦʮּȡֻһаӣĹһ֦㡣


424 ԶϺ·

İٶʮԶϺ·
£ֶҡ
ŷڴȤ
ˣʱǸ񣬱˴Ϥŷ֣Ǹ衣
Һ͸߹㡣ҶŮɫԣԣԺҲһֱšƾҪŪ׾֮¡ӣױ㿴ĸ裬ԼԼĹΪӮˣܵøʼϧ֮ԣܵüʥ졣
Ҽز۵ĵãҲҹ֮¡
Ҿ鷢ϡ
ĳŵ
ֻһⱲӣֻһӡ
̶̼ʮأαҪ˼˷ڲصϡ
˵ģǻӣ£ƽ
ҪŮ׾٣ֻûȤˣΪһӼȣô¶һҶӣԷһֱãӣ͸
ӣã죬ҲҪ췣ġ
ˣȻ㡣ϣΣ׽ˡ
ֲ˰ӣ˵ҲҲǡҲΣ׽ˡ
ȸĸöҪ׵ˡ
ȫȻһУˡ
ӣף˯˸ôҪͷôĻ⡣
˵ֶͦ˸жġҲܶÿôһ˵ӣۡ
ʵǻӣܹ࣬ĿȣҲС׼סССͱ㱻ȥ˷أĸ¶㣬òҩ۵ɫɷ׻Ҫҧš
ҵ֪ɵҲͦ˵ġȻӣתƻ⣬Ҳ׷ʵղǷ˵ҲЩ̡
Ҳ֪ΪʲôӣǰǺױɾ裬ĵĶ׵¶
λ̫ΪˡΪԼ۽𾦣һۿ͸˵ıԡ
ǷҲֵ֡ܣԼµһˣԶ°ܽҲ֪š
ΪշգעٻòֻٻıǲϣûԵ޹ʵĺôõһЩҪһЩǷֻ澳вʤǸģɽУŻᱣɽꡣ

ĸʳҲû֮á
ǿ纺أԪ壬ĳǿ
ҸµöЦšϲӣôֵ顣ǿǺ£ҲһҩԺ󲻽ܿʹżܿʹһҽ
걻Цˡ
ڳһһģЦﲻϡ
ЦЦЦ꣬Ҫ˵µġǴĵˣжأ˵һ
һ
һ²ôġ
ҲҪûҰģֻҪҺһģѴ㹻ˡ
ǷҲ֣˶ϣֵܺǵáƺö֮䲻һ㲻ܺúùƵġӶѡļ̳лλ𣿡
ãԺǱô졣Ӷѡġѻλ
ӣˣû
Ȼ֪ӺĻӣضǴĻµ֡ӣһֱ֪Ϊηִһ졣ֱڶϣZͻȻ󺰴µ
磬ܣˣǿؾ
ڳʲô£Ϊɤţӣ֪ܿˡ
ڴӵҥԣ֪ô˻ʵ۶С˵Ҳ֣ʵ۲أһֱǻʺʹչˣ˵ĸƵϰѳֳ
ǻʵۻ֪ˡ
ŭ
˵ʱ㼤ҳ˻ʺ󣬻ʺϳ޹
˴ӽȴټֻڵ¡Ļ֮£Ϊˡ
ǲض֣ӱҪ̨ˡ
⵱ȻǺˣ
ȴЩأӣͷβֻ˵˾鲻ô򵥡
ڷꡭ
ȻĬǽ𡣷ͷZҲ⣬ֻߺȻʰװҪЩ
ӣӲʣ˼ΪڣĻӷֿˡǶżؾȥ֡ڷǿǲ⡣
ǿؾҲֻǸСϺף
λԸ̡
УЦŶӣ˵ԶϺ·ƯλϲлĴ֡
ӣЩԾ˵Լͱ㸸ǰģ
Ȼû
Ϊʲôѵһ֮ض
£ʱ͸¶ʶУҲѴΡٱֵĳϻ̳ϿЩҲֻһĴġһֱ̲øʲ¼ɡλ֣Щ괧Ħ˼Ҳû׷


425 뾩

İٶʮ뾩
ڷؼвеı£ͦ⣬в޾⣬йԾԾԵ顣ƺ˶֡
Ҳеʼįɣ֣ηĶ־Σ㻹𣿡
ȻϷ̨ˣϷǷīǳȻֹĵǾϷЩɡЦȻ˻ǰԸ˼䣬ͷܿȥ
ôоһƺأӺĻӳ֣ƺҲ⣿
ǶλǴֺͶֵǹָĴģʲôģԾ²ϸ汳ģɳ˭ֻǡ;أ˰ܰԼ̫أ˿̫ᡣɷ˵һӣôôء
Լӵһڶ
˶˵ֻԼͱ˵ķֱ𡭡
ôƽ̫ԴˣҸղǻû˵ꡣģҲҪ̫ԷƱ
Իȫ˵ˣӣʾܷûȷ껹ᡮˡ
ȻµػôӦԣΪλҪأ
Ҫ˷Ļᡣ국˵
Ҫı󶯣Ҫƻꡣ
ڶֵķȻҲҪȫԲܷӦԣԷ˵֮СҲֻһƿӲƿ۵ķͷZἱҴҵĸϻȥвС
뿴Ǽ٣Լб档ڷZơ
֪ؾ»вﰵ̽ӣҪˡ
̽ʧ乣ܵ㵲סıƸҵĴѾͷӦˡ㣬ûаӿɹˡһ뾩ǣһˡ
ʵ۲أüޡ
ӣǰ±н
ʱϡ
ʵӣԸ̫Զƺûȫķӡ
Ƿʼնһʤȯյ̬ĵԵöˡ£𰸱˷ʱһȥӣȻЦŵͷ
˶һ絭Ƶ顣
ƺؾҪЩ˶Զ˵·ССĥѡ
ԷͷĻӵٶȣӦǰǡӣͷ굽ǵʱѾĺɫ
ӣȥš
߸ߵĳǽɸߣǵѾܿˣɺΡĳһȣԵúСű߻ǹǰš
лַǰ
˺һִǹ
ʻǡ
ɫ˲࣬ҲˣŵֻоƼҺͿջ
һ·ֱУֱƽ
ӣͻȻ뵽һɻõ¡磬ķΪʲôƽӷأӷʣŻӺĻӣҲȡгƺֻķţһϵҲûС
Ц
ƽǸȡġھʱһֱûзšʱǰأ̫ƽԱȡ˸ƽ֡
²Ĳࡣ
ɼλжŪŶϻ˼˳ġ
֮Ҳûޣˡ
˵˵꣬Ϊ뾩𣿡ڹ˵ĺ٣ӣҲһֱûʹһͶ㿪Цʱ˵ҹӿί
ʱǣԷ˵ֱǾĿס
кܶˣֵܣãĸȴ첻飬еصزӦֻȻ뾩ͷһʱ䳤ˣӣЩƺҲǷֻۣǲмڣǲԸڡ
Ȼԣ¶֮ɫ
ѵðӣʣֻǣЩ£ȤĺܡȻ˵˵Ҳ޷
ƽһĹù꽫֮
ʵûʲôӣ֪ܣֻʱᣬ±ˡܵĸףǻȴףֱѺŷȥ
άˣȴһ
ҼУĸøʻģķţҲҴЩڸǰ¶˼䣬մãŸλǰʮꡣһҪۡδ֮ǰסڹⲻȥ󹬣ÿ³һʮ󹬸ʺ밲˳̽ĸ
ʮ壬ҽݼʺ
磬Եűں󹬣ͻʺ󣬼λֵһõġʱĸҲϯϡ
ֻһƣһ̵̶˴ˮ
˵ӣü벻ĸ˵ͬ
ʵûʲô⣬ôƿɳµǺáˣһһ׼ȻǷѺ󣬷ԼʱŮ˱ضг
ȻɲɵģͻȻŶ롣
׽Ϸ룬ǹŽŲݺ˵ĵһа


426 ֪Ĺ

İٶʮ֪Ĺ
飬Ҳܲµˡ
ʵûʲô⣬һиŮӣŮʹ飬þס
ԭЩЩ£ȻѾкޣȴɼӣһЦĽӻͻȻЩʲô
˭ûٵʱء
ʱ٣˿ӺʵҲΪ˱ԹԹصġԼСģ˱˵С
ЩȻھǣɶԾǵĶδһ뵡
Щ躹ޣΪıһ죬˲ڽ¡
䲻ޣȴҲŹЩˡ
²ҼҰӣǸϲлӵġ
⻰ίʵ佱ӣԼЩСãƽʱУϲӣҲǹŴС˵ĥʱ䡣·;ϣӿľʳвдʮ.ޣӣżͷһ
ʱһ㶼һЦЦġ
Ȼ󰲾ӣǵͷֱͣӣŮ˼ʵ޷ͬܡСȻ˴ţɱôһȤӣôԼء
ѧģƤɱǰˡһ̹ȻĵͷȻѧʴءζ̬ӦоСЦЦЩ
Щӣ֪
ֻÿﶼʹ죬ҲԼʱ̫ˣ±ӣ֪ﳰЦԼɡ
ȴЩһѣܳɳ
ȥأлʶİӣֶʮ֮Ѱζ
أΡԷ˭ӦòǸ߹ټҵС㣬̫ƺˡǹỤ̊ͨŮЩָ㣬Ҳ̫ʼ档
üƺû뵽ﾹȻҲѧ
ˣҲЩŶϷﶼݹѲ£߲ûŮӣһ˵լҲδչŮӡ
ѲɣŮ־޶֤㲻Ҳϡ
УĬˡ
һ´ˣûд󺰴СŮǻʺ˾Ů١ÿνʺ밲裬ǸͦĹ˼ǣڹŮϤˣԶԷƺ㣿
ͷ
أ
ˣͶ
Ӧϰ˵ıҰɡԶԷʹɱ֡ϸ˵ǹΪҶ
ӣͻȻʶЩŮɫԭ±ڴˡĻӣ˾Ů١
ԷĻûԼĸоЩ⡣
ӣҲǲˣ֪Լ⣬ҲйҲͬһȲԷ
ʵûЩ
㻳˭
ӣǸŮ٣ֱʵ
ʱ˭ɣʺ󣿵ȥĸҸûһˮľң˰кҡĸšҼǵõʱģҵ񣬾ͷ·Ƕô񼫡
Ѻңȥʺ˵޷ʺҪţ㽫ŮָΪ
Щ֣ˣѵøԽ̳Ķ𣿡
ĸױ㲻׽ǱִģĸǰƺδЦ뾩գͻȻңҺ⣬ݸҵĽоƣҺԥĺ¡
Ǿȴжġ
ӣĺ뵽
ԣ²ȨҲɾؾһ
ˤģһҪ
Ļ֮ˣ࣬ǸΪ˾Ů١
ʱ̫ˡͬˣķꡭĿˡ磬һܲ࣬ΪǸȥŮٱ𡣡
ӣ㲻ΪǸɣ
ӣĬ
ѵû
㲻ϲĵزһƯĹΪ˲
ҲᴥɡЦŽӣԴЦĵɵĳ඼δװˡ
ǣ
ҺģΪҪΡ
ģ޹ءǸ֮ˡⱲװһӣ㹻ˣԵĹûҼҰӣ
ֶ
ӣڷ껳˫ۣպݺݵĵ
Ѫ
ѪѵãĹﶼϲѪԵӣⱲֻװýһ
磬ȷʵЩζʱôȴߡɵ㲻߲źãߣһûӡԺ㣬ͻ뵽Լܡһôǰüǵ·Ļһ·ˡ


427 ͬ

İٶʮͬ
ԣõʱõžȻһ
ʱǸĺӣ±ܵĸȣȻƽĸ״ЩĮԼϾΨһĺӡֻû뵽ֻôΪλĸȲ޶ãֱѺ˻ʺǰ
һ֮ԣһƫ֮
ֻ˵÷
ɱǹУɷǡ
ԽǻʼԽ˽Ҳǲһ֮ض
ˡ
Ĳӵġ
ʱʮ꣬ӣ͡ûӣô򶨣ʱЩһֻԼĸԼ档ȻǾġ
䲻֪Ļ֮˭룬ӦŮٹ
ʱڿҵϽʦʼĿ佱
ŵЩͬˡʱؾ򣬳£Ȼ٣Ůٳָ֤øʴʧԴһ֮
ŮٲĻ֮ϣǰ¡
գŮٱֵԼС˵޶֤
ʶʧս⵽أһꡣ
ƵĴӷԺһΪ˾ǣЩȻûС
ֻЩп׵ԼǸСҲԸӣԭԼӣǰôǸΰӣ񽫹һһ棬ӣУԼٲǸˡ
Щ˼ЩҰ˿ʣ
ôһ˵֮עѲɣҵǰǰһⱲӣǲſǸаӣĹˡ컬ࡣʶʱĹӡӣꡣ
߸Ǹ˿ģԼˣ㲻ǰίˡ
⻰ӣɵЦˡԼɵЩȻԸ˵˵Ѿ޽ˣȻ˿ڸɴףˡһֱźһؾʲô󣬽ڽ˳š磬ҾЩ̤ʵԤϣ֮ڣۺټ
Ҳл
ӣͻȻ뵽һ⡣
ǰûң
ӣѹûΪһֱԼλ
ϵĹҲûصǣʱˣӣʶʧ乣Ҫһ˵һˡ
ǼдǸŮλϯ
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ӣŷһҲúЦʮֲϲȻôദǸɵӡ
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ӣӦܿ졣
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ǣҼҰӣ
˭˵ҺĸϻƵġӣ챧Թ
ôɰСϻ꺬Цӣ̾ûӡٹݵĻ˵ƺܰġ
ӣͦϲͷô˵Цĸ·ϲ·Ҳиյ㣬ӣȻͷھӡ
󷽷Լ˸ƫţֱͨӣԺӡӣֱӽƽùţֺͷ˵˵ЦЦƬ̣ԱͻԼԺӡ
ݷ˵ǰԺλĹٵġ
ϻ磬ΪƽƽЩһֱţ˴˵ˮѣԺһֱûȥ
񱻷£ʰ׵
ڣӣûԺв֣СˮԣƬСС֡쿴Ȼס
һǧΣӣͣԼӵ˷ܾȡˡ
һһֱԺǳ䵱˵εĽɫϺȻǸӣԺ޵Ĳ˵¸Ҹ¼ѵԺӡ±뵽Ҳǽˮ¥̨ȵˡ
һȻӣ͡
ӣûĻһϣһ۾ʼնڶϡ
Ȼҵ˼Ӵ


428 ѷ

İٶʮѷ
۹⣬Ȼŵġҵϲ¾㣬ҲԺӣء

һæջؿĿ⣬ȻԼҹɫģڵס
£¡㲢û˵ʲôǹӷԸģǰŹӵķԸġ˵ӶԹϲ֪֮꣬ꡣ
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ӦʱŶûѧˡ
ﹹˡ˺µǣֱһеġ
ԼҹҲǸģ˿ϧ桭й㡣
ˣ֪ʲô㣬÷һԺ䣬ԷԼ·Сͷ
һ¶ϲɫظӣһͶһǰһս֡
˵ӣͷСķһǺ㡣ңҼǺңұ㲻ѶСͷ
Щ⣬ӣ˴ֱۣʱӣߣ˵ӣһǸһء
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ﻹ˰Ӱӣӣ̫ɵˣֱ㶵ģҪ֪ӣʾʱ侲ֱʵģŵ㽿飬Ƿ
ҸеˣЩ֪֪ȤġȻﰭۡ
ӣ룬ŵһ찡Ҳ̫֪֪ȤЩԽӣͽУ˵ÿӣŵģշ껹ǽݣ裬Ĳᡣ
ͬͬ˯ԺҪʱֿˣڳʲôвᡣ
ֲǿҵȴ˿˿ĹĸΡĽŲ˼֡Ժֻܸظˡ·Щ
⻰Ҳ˵֪ӣԲѵĻҪһȥҲӣ塣жӣ˵ʱԽĺ
ʲôʱӣĹܿõģǻᾡס
ôסݿǿûһأܳɣ
⻰˵ӣŷӦԼƺ̫޼Щӵ˲ʮ갡ǸСء
ҵ˼ǡҸǱߣҲý
ǿת˹ӣôʱһܿˡģ˵ϸ֮Щ˻ơٶˣ·֮ԸҺӣסһΪӣõġ
⻷ʮֿ˵־
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Цӣѵôߵʱ򣬷һЦӣСˡ
Ҳżˣֻǡֻǲֿγˡɵ
γúֿǾǣһζĶŮ鳤ǵδڵءҪˡһšӣͷ
ѷѽ⣬շһģḧ˸ӣȻתȥӣĿ˵ӰʯףתһԵСһ̾
ɼףѡ
ϰ˷ʱߣͻȻˣӣƺ˼ȡ
ӣֱۣԼôǷϡкöҪء
һӦԻʵۺͻʺ󡣻бǵ꺦Ļֵ˭
ٻؾǣ᲻ʼʩ
ҪǣŪλﵽˣӣʼţûԵ޹ʵĺޣȻĶӳһб˲֪顣ͬŪࡣȻûпڣӣ֪̣Զĺ
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ӣ෺۵Դʵ˭
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ɾʶ֣˵ֱһ㡣ӣϴӣʼģЩġ
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ΪҪչ۵ͷҲġ
һߺСѾͷȥУһ߷ӣȥ
ӣ˻ûиӰҲƵӣһҲˡ


429 

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ϰϣڻˡǸҪ곤ЩȴͻȻİߵСӣܿĸˡ
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ӣеɻ̫ˣǹӣǰ벽סΡȻ´һƲȦ˲ˡ
ӣλֱѡ˹ŮǣֱһϷ
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ܲܰʧ˵ɱ˰㣬ֻ˵Լ̰棬ߵ̫Զˣ·
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˵ҽĴ˼ӣǰһλѮҽȨֶ˰ú޲õĸо󣬼λҽǰһԷĻ
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Բãҽ̫£³ľˣʧֲ֢ҽ˻ָܿ˻һҲ벻ʵûʲô÷ӡ
ˣҪΪҽˡûϵģֻ벻µġ
ӣڣɫÿЩ˻֣ҽˡ
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ӣԭԼǰôϲҲѹַʻֽѵ
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ӣ̧ۿģȻͻȻЦˡû£ġ£ллҡѵôĹȻĸǻʺ󣬿ӣҲ޷գգ۾ôӣʵҲͦϲġ
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Ĵֺˣ
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ǰĹȦٴη졣
ޣһҲġЩڷءĺܺá
ĻԡĹȻˡ粻ĺܺõġСʱĸ磬ǺһֱġʮʱˣʱģûгԷĸҲᣬֻ˵粻˱Եġĸ̫ˡ
һֱûḹ̡˵ˡ
޲ýԻıԹȫ͸ӣӣţûᾭڷĹ
ŷ˵Į˻һͷӬƵײ˵СʱһСŷ԰׽Բء
Ϥķꡣ
֮Թܶ࣬ȻǻӣɴС󣬶û˭Ժˣ㡭ӣһҪЩģһƱġ
⻰ǧ֪鱦һġһĶ
ӣͷĵ棬Ҳô˵Ҳû겻˰áʱҥԣһء㡭ôоˡû뵽Ȼġĸʱŵˡ
ĸ˵ʵָµġѡةλлǧлơлһҲǵˡ߻װǻơЩʼն˵ڵء
¿ɺˣ㡣лעջϲһˡ
Ϣеడӣ
ةҵǧ𣬻ʺôָӣ
ĸأлƲͬⰡлةŮĸܲǿ˼ҰŮ޸֡
ӣЩˡ
ʺ£ꡣûлةǧν䡣Ȣةǧ𣬲ܽ˭ʤҪɻ伸֡лةԷ˵ʵǿô
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Ϊӣ񲻼ãĻŵġ
뿪ʱһĲᣬӣãӣһҪ졣ӣӦˡ
˷ģӣʱȫ
طСԹǸ.С˵ôõĻҲϧԼǹ֪ˣҪūûźùˡҹ㣬ұʰԹס죬Լ˵ȥҪʰˡ
ӣҩԺ˯ȥԼ䣬̽̽ͷȻһ̾


431 ðα

İʮһ¼ðα
ӣ۾ɫѴ
ͷɻģʹ⵹Ǽ֡ͻȻ䣬ӣ࡭
ȻѾ͸ߣȷʵ˯ĺۼ뵽ԼҹʵĸоӣɵûһЦȻûܼЩź뵽Լʱиʱ̹ţָоӣúġ˵ӣ÷ҼֵУǡǡӡ
ǷĵֳûС׽ԲأǷȴԲš
˰˿ģȴʼұƳһʯͷġ
ôһ룬ӣڻ֮
ǰȻκͻദɵѹҪȥͻദΪλﱰ棬Ҫλء
ӣǰڽЩִ뵽ﵹЩԾԾˡ
ᣣԼҹС˵ģǺЦǿաһ˵ǹҩū澻ţӵǹҩԺﲡˣҲҪҽˣֱӽӱǡֹ˵
ӣֻ
һ仰ܶʱ񱻷һģıǡӣʵǲ
ӣĳĬȻܺõĶ˶ūЩˣͶˡ
ӣһߺҩһüͷ
ÿ࣡
ΪӣΪĻأö̹˲١
ӣҲдʱˣദʮǢ˿ֱͬˡʱӣľǰͶȻЩų⡣
˽÷ŰŰɡԺӹµͷ
˵Ӧǡ
ԽӣͶľ͡
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ϴ꣬ŰţһҵĿżʵС㡣
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ʲôطҺҽеġ
ū׷̿ģǷү֮ǰ̧֣ū澼һվһ̯̯֣ʾԷǹʵڲӲһ۷ʼ磬ĵҲͷһϡλ
Ҳͻݣһɱ
ʮλߵšǼλ½ǰԺˡλ˵ǹŮǷ̹֮ӵģһʱ֪ΰãﶨᡣ

һͷ
ӣúЦǸС۵ġѲɣԺ߻Ѿͷˣū澲˼ūǾŮ֮ū澿ǲ˳ۡƺЩʲôū澿Ǿ;﷢ëҲǶ㲻ϲˣִԺԭ
Ҳ˵ΪʲôôִǶˡ
ȥʮ߰ͣòҲ˳ۡ
ɶ׽֮ģֻҪһ߽ͱܵë
ӣĬƬ̣˵ͷʾԼˡһȻϣӣ̫࣬ҲΪֻһŮȥʵںᡣ
һҲ˵˵Ժ͹ӳס
ıʹӳȺһЩϰߣʱɱΪʧޱӡݺݲ˷һһţ˵Ļȴ
ӣŮǴѾͷԼЩˡ
ū澲ǿùֻ֣λǿڿ˵׷̹ģǹ˵Ӱŵ֣Ѿ֮ԭشˣﴫǲŻǰ
ˡǽɡ
ڷ֪ô͡ǹ
ǽɡлʱ¶ظ飬ƽ°ڣԷ˸תüͷҲ΢΢һ
ڹŮô
ӣ˹ĳšθһ㶼á
ȫ·İɡ
˽ţӣ˲䡣˻һۣȻء

ū׷̿δͿֿһ졣ԶУҲū澴ߡһǰͻȻټȫޣū澵ļˡڿࡣѾͷһſһС.ž˵ż黰
м·ôأӣ롣
ӣƳ˶һۡĵѲѾˣҪȻαҪĻǵ֣߰
Ҳӣ۽磬һ¿졣
ʵǡ
һԭƢ
Ǹ軵Сˡӣ߸ŵ˻ݵģ
类˰ٻˡ


432 

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ү˵ˣū澵ˡūưԺū澶ٲ뿤ҡһỤÿٲÿˡūҲ
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뿤ū澵ģҪūߡ
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ǡ
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㰡˱˯ټһΣѵл𣿡
ȻᡣǼһһ档ټһ棬ҾʧһμĻᡣ˵ΣȻԿʲôмһһ棿ǻûףȳףҪһء
˼Ѳɻһһ棿
ȥšӣӣ޿ɶ㣬Ȼ˷껳
Ƭ̣ӣڷ껳£֪˰ɣӦˡ
˭ŵģҲ̫ˡ˵ŭģƺĲǶԷƣǶԷӡЦİӣȻڲͬ
źá㣬Ҳŵġ
ˡɱԷӡҺпǹĹˡߡҵҸᣬǼʶһʲôб£⻰Ҳֻڷǰ˵˵
ڷǰӣ˵˼ɡȻͷǵӣʴʣӣ˵


433 һɵ

İʮһɵ
ӣ˾ЩãȥƺЩǷ껹ǲ̫񣬲˵Ц˼ɺá
˯˯ߡ
ӣЦſ֣꣬˯
˯һˣ磬Ҷûˡġ
ӣǰζһ𣬾̫ûˡһסֱܣǸ첻µزµӡ
Ҳ㡣Ͷˡ
˵µˣܶŮ鳤飬ôȥ¡Ǹǣˣµˡ
ӣɣŲط
ֻԥƬ̣ӣߣȻչֱۣӣ
磬Ӣڣ
ҿɲˣ뵱Ӣۣﻹǻ˵ĺáӣȻɻ⡣
ЦУӣˡҲӢۡ˵ŷӦɵӣգ°ɡ
ģ˵һϡ
ӵͦϲġ
ʹֲͬͻʺҲͬûзϡҪ˵˭ģǸͬĸˡ˵Ҳ֣ʺôһˣҲǸΨͼӣǽŮãȻǸĹ
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439 ʥ

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ǹĹذɣԻʵ۰һϯ
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İһĿġ
˵ģʲôǶԷĿģһ͸¶ԲӦɡ
˶ӣǹǳǳЦ⣬Ȼͷһ
ӣܸо˴Ŀ⼸ϡйҥֿʼģǰĻҲڳټԼͼӵĴףû׶ӣҲ֪ѹϵЩжྫʡ
㹻дϼ滰ˡ
лˣЩһҪûúÿǲͷ۰ɡ
ӣߵ̹ȻһԵķЩˡ
˵ΪĴ沢ӣ٣ÿ깬磬۶ϲŮߡӶ࣬չĸ˷飬ŮֻһЩҲпԭĳ棬ÿ궼Ҫ
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һ꣬λĸоѾᷳޡ󣬾ȻĴѲǵסС·˸Ƶġ
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һǰӣıܷӦԴӿһӣӣǹΪ֮
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ܵ÷ӣǸֻɫӹ׹ȷ˼ʢֻҶ˼Ҳܡ
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ȻǰӣԼһЩߡֻ˼Щңӣһʱ塣
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ɫ΢䣬۾Ҳ˲˶˵̫ƽȣʵˡ
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ڷ˵˽ֲǡ
ӣΪʲô˵Ļţӿôء
ӣ⣬ϣӣ˶ø۵Ļʲô⣬Ҳȥ۵ۡӣԼҪôӦ˳Ÿ۵Ļ˵ͷЩҥԣͶǵ;˵ˡ
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442 

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Ͼʱ򣬰ŰǴ˾Źٸ׽׽ˣӣĿ
ⳡ硯׿ˡӣ˼֮ʱͻȻСȻĵģסӣָСֱĴְţָĦӣָ⡣ӣ

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İӣˤڿ»ļϵĹĸѣֵַ̽
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Ϊ˷ꡣ
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ߺǼλӣӣڼ˴
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ҼֺͶڴˣλֳǰȻ㵱ȳ⻰˵Ҳ
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ƺߵĲ鲻Ըӣĺȣ˵ǱZߣ˵ZΧ
ӣ֪Լʲôʱġһģʲô˼
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ȥ£ȥɡҪע尡ȻҪǱǮ
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ӣУḧţ۰ӣĳ¶˵ˣ޲ñһֻСɳȥŮҰĺܣ;ЩĲá̫ˣ˼ҹ̫ˡ
ĸĽ̵޷ûӣôһӡгڣܶ˵ͳáˣȥƵϹЦˡǲ֪㲻ڵһ꣬Ѿͷ˶ٳ
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ĸ׵ĶϣŮܺ
ǳӶ䵭ǲܳķ꣬ǰŮߡ
꣬ʺһ̾


445 ʹ

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Ǻģĺãģ̫٬ҲǺ£Ȼڱ˷ˣһȴŮ֮˵
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¶Ǳҳ軵ˡӵĺܣǰҾͳ浽һɽһССͣɱһǰȶˡˣһǰӿûôϲ
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һ̫ĶӣٳɺҵѵǺ£
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446 

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⻰Щɵ÷ͻȻһǰĳˡ
Цָӣһӣɵ顣ô᣿ȻЩǵ˲ĻԶôһᣬֺͶȷʵЩ֡
ֹڴ֣˴ǾȻ档ϲʱʱЦģֺʹҲࡣҾǶһǰֲϡһҪһҶһġ
쵹Ĭһ硣
ż죬ڷĿ˴š
ֵܣҲ֮ʱľֵභǷȥ롣
Ҳʺ̵Ľʺ󾭳߷ķҼֵһѪҪദ
ǲǷʲôҲ֪£
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ӣԤϵۼ
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ЦкģȻĿ⿴ӣɻǵң
ĸǵˡɱΪ񰡡һĨڵģ˭ʶĸʱҲһԺӡĸۼˣֱ˵ܿˡ
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ˣл͵ĺˡұҲûԼôæұ㲻ûȤˡ
ʺ¶ãһԵüͷҲšš
һźƫиġ
ĸľûǻ̫ˡ
һԵӣȴ˳ĵ䣬ֹļڡһЩӣĸӣôҪãӦðݼôӣô䵭
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ƽԵó߶żҲǶ·˭ǷƵġ
ⳡϣ粻ڡһСƽϣʧͳ
οڴͷ¡ѵöӣ࿴ôһϲģ


447 һ

İʮһ
Уʺϲıôˡ
ģ˭ûЦģѹ⼸ʵԵ̤޹ҲҪˡ˷٣ȣ¿ǳľˡ
µĻʺȻû˵ŵ˶˾˭ֲأ
һʤ߼˭գ궼ȵġġ
֮ȻӣûʲôͬյǸؤҲȣͱ֮ǲӣûʲôϵ´Щͬġ
˵Цˣֻɲ˵ỵ˿ģͿƼˮ꣬ο굱ʱҲδرҲҪرʲô
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ʺɫЩÿˡӣҥԴķз껹Լڱ߸ӣ˸լӡ
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448 ﲨ

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Ҫ˵ʺΪζԷ࿴Ҳԭ֮һ
ΪͷβûйءǸϸĵĺӡ
ܴ˿ҳࡣΪʺҲȷʵһһʶǷģٳʺⲢΪ棬ᱻۡ
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ɫ԰ףƺȫľˡ̧ԣһ˫۾ֱֱʺ󡣡˵ʲô
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ӣֻܵͷͷָĻҪ˵϶ء
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лΪʲôԸŮ޸֣
лƲԸɡü˵
ӣĵȻɡлԸŮ޽ʼҡӷӦõѡ
£˼Ǻ󣬾±̫лƲһֱûסлͣٳ꣬ҪЦ޲ȥˡл޾Ůġ
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һ㣬Ҳ֤̫ӣǴӡߴߴ߳Ա˵ķģӣЩ


449 ѻ

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ڷĿ·ؼ̫λǱȻġؼǳǻʺλгߡ
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лƲ޷أֻΪزлƵˡлƣҺлơ˵ǰϤ𣿡
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˿ԼùһةҵС˶Դʲô׵ġ
ӣȴ÷ǺƢлơǸ֮ˡ˿Ϸ֮꣬СΪںͷ겻Ϥǰӣ÷ҲǸߵϤŷ֣ߵƤȴǸƤġ
ڷһСıܽԼӵΪӣʵΪĺܡ
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ŮŸϴѷѵӣԹǰĻ١Ҳĳ٣ֻڹҪϧԼӡˣѡԹ緹ȥ밲
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ȷʵ˵Ȼȴƽֱ˿η֮⡣


450 

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ӣĸоҲЩ֡
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лƺûϵӣֱ׳ϡ²Ӧúȥ
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л˵ǡҸҲôοҵġ˵޹ؽҪ˻£Ǳˡ˻Ҫǰġ
ԣƼˡ
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һԵķǲ⣬ֻҪлûռˣıˡһԹۣһС֣Ĳκ͵顣
ֻۼлƾȻ·磬ϲõһš
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ܾˣԥȻʱ٣еѾĺ
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һֱлƣû뵽лȴҪ޸֡
Ҫɩɩģ޸ӺͶӶ˵Ҳûʲôֱ𡣡ӣЩĲɵİο
ǸۿģԾȻ˵ͷӣ˵
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֪ҵµġӣ´μ磬һҪ顣ӣΪֻȶȣȻİװˡ
áһ˵ġֻ粻̫ñ»ġҲ֪ܲܰ㡣
һܡһ뵽ӰҡֻҪҸʵͷȥĸĸˣһҲͷġףǱʱˡ
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İ̹꣬ˣתȥˣȥлôͻȻ뿪ˣ
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ĳҲһ뵽ˡǱһֱûʲôϢ
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Ӹ֮λһֱȻᣬ֪ǸлǧԤġ
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ѹѹŭ⣬˵СĻӿУ㸸ʼȻʺлָ˻飬±޷ˡлİɡ
θģСųĻŻЩնĹԱǵĿУ¶ҵģȢһССлƣȴδԸ
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458 Ƹ

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459 ԰

İʮ԰
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463 

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464 һ

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ӣԼʱһʮҪҵҡ
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ûֹ˵Ĳ
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465 ݰ

İʮ²ݰ
ӣĸβ˲
ڵ⼸춡ѧ±ˡûٺͷһ˻졣
˵żֹɭɭ
ˣʲô
Ǳ͵ߵģЩħˣԼ뿪ġūҲ֪٣Ǵ񡣾˵ҹ￪ʼҹŵģɡ߶߶˵

ǵͷҡҡͷūҲһ˵ġҲ֪Ǽ١һ˵޷粻ˣҲֿšū澲׵ǣȻ˵Լŵģ˯ǰѺֽŰ˵ѹЩܱԼҺʧĺðɡôҹҹӣ
бӡ
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ɻ˵һһ´ΣȻҡҡͷˡ
㲻⣬ӣ
ӣ̾ǸͦСôֱ̤ɵȥͷֱһʰ
Ȼӵļ˶ˣ˺ӣضԷҲа취溢ӽ⿪ֽŵġα겻αķӣʤޡӣʵڲĿһʧ˵Ϲһ䡣
ū澵ķӻǹõġū´μһһﶼⷨʤޡҲ֪ⲻʤʡ
ٳţСǻӣ
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ҶӵʼֻͨϣȻԱҵĺҲʼ½ʧ١
񻯣ƺҹжٲѲҹڶӵɺ˳츮ᶽµҲˣɰɺ޽չ
ƺʱ˶ûץ
ǴԽ䣬·϶ûˣͷȴȵķ·ҹ
⼸ӣһֱլҲ֪ЩڣЩɰģеѾ᰸еδƻЩɻһԵӣӣơ
˸ͻͳԵõģӣѪܵľڡ
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466 Сʧٰ

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С̯ӻСһֱ⡣
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467 ɽ

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лָԽ򣬶л³һȫưѺӾȻ
ڰ֣ʾͿȥˡ
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Ƕ͵۾Ȼ˵λƢãϸȻЩʧӰ֮ǰۡԴӾǿʼӣλү;˳츮λüֱձˡ
ôһˣȻռ˸ҪλɶڴӵҲްҵʺΪβ
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ǸƹȥתתҲáӦҹһźӶʧĵͼǲʲôɡ
÷һȥ졣ͷҪǰЩ׼
ֻ֣ôຢӣĻ֮Ҫʲô


468 ʷݣ

İʮʷݣ
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ⰸէһȷʵҲͷ
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ֻӣҶĺϢ
վȻĽۡӣ۾¶֮ɫЩ̡
˵Ϸ£ɱϾǷ֮ġҷţʱĻʵۣҲǷҵһξʮ飬ջʷء

ʧǲ飬Ҳ鲻ʲô⼸æŲľڣҳƵİ顭˿֮ʷϼһʣҲڶ֮Ƶİˡ
ô꣬ͬİ顭Ȼͬһ˷Ͼܻ޼ǲųһŻһڷڵһŻֻصǸ⡣
Ҫʲô
ôຢӣʲô;ͯͯŮʲôа̼룿ڼһεİӣôСطȴĿŵķھǡ磬ԷЩڳˡ
ܰ˺ʲô;
ǳĺͳ͢ԣֱս
Ƕ֮ʲô˳ˡڶԷĿģֱܿҪˡ
ڶŸͱԼˡ˸ηηˡ˿ʮ£һ˿˷е
˱Ǹ˵Լŵˡ
ͻ˷ӣʰһֻûʱ£ϴ˼²ɵĿһǱ˵·
Щ󣬰ڵϣÿһֶҪǣƺ²ɵĿմ˻ҡǰǰˣ˻ͨһڵأͷĵţΨΨŵŵĵȶӣʡ
£Ǹƹˡ
ӻ֣ʾ˵һԣȻӣ
ӣ´ƹֳ֮ˣɫÿ
ҲǣģľͦˣѬǣҷŰɫ˵ۿԼţԼ˳ȥӣʣƺЩⷢʵľȻǸ
ʼҲû̧ͷ
ͶҪĿǹˣﲻ
ղҲͳƺºͿˡ
ʵģӦþλˡȻŮʻЩ֣Сҳɡ
ЩʵǣССİ׬˼Ǯ˺ơͱƽպȵĶЩҹƵˡƽգСǲҳš׳˵첻֪ôͳţڴҹ䡣ѲҹĲ۱㿪
Ҳ֪Լ˶áͻȻ䵽һС·ϡ
ʱСľѾ֣ѾԼʱӳˡﺦ£ؼ
㿴С֮Զһ˼ңԺͻȻˡ
ʱҹڷߵġСųһëæ㵽һŶȻͷСȥ򡭡
СĿһСӡȻǺ죬żЩѾ
ġĵȷȷǸСӡƺǸСŮޡСŵĲᡭͻȻǶӵĴšŵĸȥ˭֪ӰӽһӺСӱ㲻ˡСĳױˣƨĻ˼ҡڶ˼ȥµñ١
ȻСڳݻ
ͼ˵
¹ȥ飬ǻ˼ҵҹȻ˸Ůޡ͸Ҵƹԭ
ƹ˵İ˳ġ
ֻһСԼȷûбˣ
Сûǻ˼ҵԺţǺƺͦòȻżڸûбˣСʵڲӣһʣŵֶ˶뵽ʱҲ˺ӵױڸ
ˡ˾ȾңҰѿĶˡҪɱڣĴ©ķӿɵס
죬ʲôʲôط֡ͺȳ
ƹŵɫףΡС˰ɡˣһҪȥǶ˺ӵСӿһһȥƹһϲɫæͷл
һһþƹȻ˴ˡ
˳츮ȴҪСࡣ


469 Ե춨

İʮԵ춨
Ͳ˿ԸԵֻȡ
ֻҪ˰ɡ;ԼֱֻëϣʱҪ˵İն
泳
ʺԼƲ˰ĲȫҶѱֻ밲ĵ˳츮̰īְֲ
ѵõˡ
ôôء̾һϲɫľƹԽԼֱɥˡ
þƹһ죬Ȼƽ
˳츮ľȻС˶ˡ
ӣͷܿʰ׵˴·ֱǾƹ˵Ķӵ˼Ҷȥ
ϣӣžڣһԷ֧󣬺ЦӣĿʵ̫дڸˣӣʱ̹ȻƬ̺СֹסЩˡûϴͻȻ֮㳤ǵˣ
гƯ
ƺԽϲƺˡ
ԢϼѣֱͿڡ⻰˵ģ㲻ү㡣
쳤ϣϲ䳤䳤ʲôɵġӣб𣿡仰¶⣬ȴԭǳ˾ڵζ
ӣӦֻЩ߳ŭˡ
һѽӣľӵ䡣
Ȼһ˵ûããͱ㲻ˡۣ㿴ľǿϰٱ
ӣǿЦ⣬ԼЦżСƢʱӣСǸµĺӡ뷢СƢȴ˰ݡ
ӣɵ
·գ۾ܴƤһҪ˯һӣʵͦ۵ġ
ӻܿķꡣ磬ͻȻҹҾԼˡСƣһҡǼֿ˵ֻʣһˣȲȻǱΧܣС˳ʬ
ɫ΢
Щ֪ģֻǵʱﲢ޶󴥶
ʱ˵ͬϣһСʵڼʲô˼
ӣ㲻ͬˡֿЩİӣ
ӣûע⵽Ѿ¥࡭ӭŷѩˣʱ밡ôεС磬Ī·Լһ˻ܷգӣԼͦ־ġ
עӻ
첢ҪȥӦֿǸݵģֲǹٸĹٲԸʲô
Ҳڤڤ֮춨ɡǵѩѩ⼫ˣҲżתֱ£ųߡ֪ߵƾɵĳ
ֿˣ˵ǽҪѲӸ
ǱԶ
Ȼ󿴵ӣ
Сһľϣϸżڵİӡ
Ѫս˳Űɫȷʵֿ˵Ǹٵӡ
Ҳ֪ʱʲôƺֱܣʱ򣬷û뵽ôСڹŹһȦˣȻ
һЦߣ޲һʮʱһţʱ̴ߡ
뿴ӣϵˣСﶼɫףûǿֺ
ˡ
ͲˣЩ󡣡
ӣյ˵סһѵ÷Ǹ˾ӣʼδԽ׳ذ벽׳Խ
˿缺ȬɿͦģӣԼĿЦˡˣܻˣ㻹˰̳ҵɵ
ӣĵĸԸϴһ˰̰
ڻһ˵ˣνռȵ
ܻؼͺˣҼ̵ķӡ
ôСֵ̣󶯸ɸꡣֲƾʲô
˵Ķֲ
ôֳӵˡӣƬ̲ŷӦ˵ʲôʱյȭͷȥ
ˣ濴һʵһӻˮ˭Ҫӣ
Ȼ㡣ѵ˸ӣ
Ȼǲģǣǡѽ֪˵ʲôˡг̣ӣڨЦȥ塣
С޴ֹ֣˵طӣʱѾָ
øղԼִͶʱԲ۾
¾˵иӵơǸղǸЦѵĻ
λ˵ǸݰϲǲƯӡ㴫ԲʵҲݰ
ۡ
£ҡǸСŮޡ
ǰƿһԺšԺڿյģ濴ȥҲʵ˼ҡֻǶ˺ӺƺԺӶû


470 ߷õ

İʮ߷õ
춯иӳ¶ŭ⡭ʲôŮˣ˲ˣҲŮҼұҪˡ˳´ͨԼ˳츮ȵЩܲܰ˼໨ϣŮꡭĺӰʬǷԺӿô
˵˵ţʳ
ɫѿŷĳ汻һʵͽ˸Ѫͷ
ʱȴп˵
λǹŮʧ¡
ٲʹˡһʵʲôãѵһŮ
˽˺ӵֲֹһңǶ˼Ҷ˺ӣҶż¹ѾˣӲҹҹѲҹ͵ӵʼӰӶûС
Ӱ𣿡˷ʡ
ɫȾɫġһʱʵڲ֪õͷҡͷⰸӰ쵽ϣ֪͵ӵǹˣ
ˣôܲ¶һ˿
ǹǹʲô˵ġѵǻܸץɡҪҪȥ뼸ɮ
£λзڣʵڲԽ޴ҡū࣬±ʡ
ӻ֣һ˵һԡֻĴСԺͺǸ˺ӵĸǣǰľȻӣ㶪˺ӽ飬¸ĸġ
ӵĸּȴ˼֡
¹ΪѹٸʵǡǾǣӽ¡ʲôô󵨣ǷĵŮ³ʲô©ҹֵҿźӡҺԼãֵ˭źӣҹﶼܺۡǰҲôģѾϰˡҹҲ֪ʲôƺӻģӽҡѣѾˡǵŮѾˡźʹŶ򿪵ġ
ŮСţСӲڽ¡
͵˺ӣαضһ٣͵ӵĲˡ
ֹĴھҲҡ
¹ٸôͬأȻٲҹֵأǰɲٸˣҲΪʲôӵĸ׿ͻԭ
ӻġ
ǡԼ˯˯һ죬֤ϿŮ֪޾˯˹ȥ͵ӵľԲˣ
ϣҶ˺ӡǻ඼ʶ𣿡
˵ͷסϵĶھˡ˴˼涼к˺ӵǼҲʶеǼСģеھϹģһӸǸǼҺӶЩҼŮʧٵġ
ӣ񣬺ܺõİλ׵궯
ӣ⣬ʱش𣬶̬Ȼпϡ
ʲôӣҪ֤˵ġνĹ֮˵˿֤ǻǰ;참˵Լģ֪˯˹ȥҵ֢״֮ġ
ڶԷպԼȥ
кܶǧٹ֣ǴδĶôһֶԻӵǣúҲδ֪
ӵĸ׳ĬƬ̺ͷ˵̫ˡйǷ޴ӲΪҲúǷͷϡɲǹֻ֣˭͵ôຢΪʲôȾŮǷ޳أֻôһŮӲãŮиôǷޱûл·ˡ
ӵĸ׹ӣǰͷؿĵϡ
ӣ꣬üͷӣҡҡͷ
ģһᾡġ
뿪⻧˼ңʹȥƹ˵ӡ
һխСӣֻ˲ͨ
ҲŰףվڱܽСһš
ҶԺǽŶûУطƽӦ̤㡣
Ǿƹ˵ۿӽСӣɵߵȴû˺ӵټ˵ǣͬ
ʾ棬Ȼӣ̤С
𣿡
㵱Ǳڻֻܵ裿ӣ÷ˡģ߻ڣô£
¡λŮһҪ¡˲仯ԼӣŲ˼֡
ӣ²һмĿλСʱ̫Խŷҵķ¡ģһúá㡣ӣƤЦⲻЦ˵һݣʶʱİջȻһĴܣ֣ص˵͵ӵӦܶȻܿ˺ӣǸƹΪԼ


471 ˼

İʮһ¶˼
ӣȻνĹ֮˵²Ӧñʵֻǣ˼ȻԵӵĸĸΪλҪԼų
ȥߺӣ񲻸֪
ΪʲôҪŪ㷱
ôһ鷳ֲȫ
鸽ʲô˼ҡȻһͰǣ͵ӵƺһϾȻҶ˺ӡ
һһ㽫꽻ͼˡͼϿǶܼ֮
ӣãһʲôرԭֶⲻͬ
ͷ˻ǰԸ䣬¡طҲءǸ̸˵ĺȥӿڻиǰѷˡҲʶʱȥ
Сֻӣ
²ż뿪챾Ǵӣġ
Դӽÿ飬ûӣһ졣ӣǸµĹӲԹ֮£ƺΪ˵ԹࡣȻظɡҪú콻ȥɷʲôüĿ
ӣ´ϣûʲôɿˡ
Ļ򶼲
Сͷ鵽βûҲûţʵڲǻ˵ĴӪ
ӣûʲô¼ˡСխСĺܣʵڲǸ̸˵ĺõط
ϣ˺Ů˵֡Ůϲǰ¡ϣطСЩЩ۶ʱ򷽱Щ
Ҿ⣬ٲ鿴
ӣ´С
ɾ䲼֦Ҷ֪˭ҵĸǽЩʧޣ¶
һ۱ͷСӣʲôɲģ
Խһ۱ͷģԽױӡϸ顣˵ӣβȥߵĺƺϸĲʲôӣôô棬Ҳ̫ɢҲҴš
ôⶼͨӡ
ʵڿʲôڣһɾĵطפ㣬Ȼ̧ͷһǽ֮Ժӡ
ֻӣգգۣգգۣ¶ϲ֮ɫ
ܶණ˵İģܶʳִʱδ
ˮҲǣв֡Ժǽǿȴʶġϲ
ЦʵӣͷⶫӣҼҺԺһţÿʱҶҪؼһȥժӡ
ͨͨص
ӣͷûͦεġⶫ󣬿ȴӣúСӣ۾գҲգĶǽϵĹӣɵһ
ԭֻ붺һӣȴû뵽С˼
ã֪ԳƵϾĿףȴÿġ
ӣУһԽɸߣȻһ±ҡȻרѡĹӣת۱㱧ӣֱֱ۾
һ֪ӻժ
Ҳǵһο־Ȼɡ£°ڣӣժһ
Ȼ¡㣬㡣
ӣЦŵͷȻСƵģ̯ڵϣʼ
һ𡣡ѡ˸ġ
ҪģӲɬĺܡһóԡӣѡ˸ġ
Ȼġⶫƽʳǲʳϵġ
վԼѡԼԡӣȻͷǷĵſڣҧ
Ȼ󣬻㶨ˡ
ⶫʲôɬļֱ˻ٿӣ˹˺ƤȻССڵĳš飬ܵĺܡԼеĹӣüֱĿղô˼ζء
ӣЦ̵ĺ֪࣬顣
ɵΪľǺõġ͵˼άһʵڿӣЦŽеӵϡ
ӣ֣곢һڡüͷ˲չˡĵס
ⶫƽʳζȻó𣿡ӣʵͷɬӣЦˡ
ɵӣĲƫšΪʲôǴĺãӷġ
Ժ󲻻ˣԺӣġ
ԸӶȻԳѧˡӣ÷ģƵϿɰˡ
Ͱ͵Լ˸ģȻѧ˹ĳš
Ǵӣ̸̸ģȴ˶ӡӿڵãɲλ˳ŵӽˣȻ󿴼
;۾ҪϹ
ӣΪ˼Ķ鲻ͱʾѾȥˣֱڻûϢʱӣҲû̫
ͣؼӽȥ顣
ӣֽķߡ
жæ¶֪գӣѾ֪ˡ
һһϱϳԷĿģӣԺӣʱһ䣬˻ܿŰ¡


472 ʦ

İʮʦ
ⶫʲôģﾹȻ˼ζ㱧ŷժµֹ
ӣһ߾һ߻صأֻҹժİˡ㱧ӵһʱһ䣬Ȼĵֵū澵ɲûѾͷȥ
㰡Ǽ˵˻˵ͷһõûѧ컬ĹǼ
ūСǸģֻǽ󻰲Žˡ˽˵ūȻҶ˵ˡ˹ǸӣΪū澶˵仰ͽū澵ġū澵ĻȻˡ
ͷͷǵĻص
ȻҵĴԺҵöˡ
ū澵ĴػǱˡū澾ӾͺܺˡСȷõˣūС㣬ǼĸݡеĹȴǰλҲ˲١
Ļ˭ϲӣҲ⡣ˣ˵ˣ˵ϱҲˡ㻹ǿȥʷһûн
þգԹ
ţӣɢɢĿڴߣһڷš
ӣⶫɻӿˣ±㷭ӾϿԿ꾩ΰƺЩÿ¡
δİ
ͱĿɽʺɴñȵġӣƣʧӰ鲻࣬ٿҲͷˡ
ڷõڣӣ⡣ǰǵɾˡֻ۾ֻ۾£ӣܰδİӲһ飬ֱҪ˫ֺʮӷˡ
͸ս
ֱյ˻˯ϧٴαΡ
СѾͷ˵Լշ
СѾͷ˷ϳǷZλܺͷͬͬķĻӡȷʵݣСѾͷӣ
ӣЩ֣Լλ¿ûʲô顣룬ǾһZҷȻСѾͷͨλĵ²ôô򷢡
ӣϴŲǰȥ
СѾͷͨӣǰԼ˰ʱ
ZǸӣ͵ŲͷˡӣլӣﵽһͨȻʼ丮еˡһߣš
£޶ԣҲûʲô˼
ĵ˶ˡ
ڣӣ¶ˡZ۾һǾӣж˵һǰλȷʵҲû÷ĵ²Ŀķϡ
ʵǣµǸƺ«
˵˵ȥ˵ͷҡͷҪүˡĵּƢһƺ«ʵʹ༫ˡ
ӣˣգգۣ޵ĸӣһʾ
ӣһʽ֪ʲôǸ˾ȻҵԸZķӡ
ˡĬǽ𡯵
ˡʲô˼
ӣǰ£̧ͷZĵ£żҪϴʰһġѵͷĳ£ͷָͣҶԵˡ
ZҲ֪Լǿˡ
Եţȴ˰ʱĸӣĵ´Сû
֪ĵŭ𣬶ӣЩ԰׵Сĵȴķ
ԼһˣһСһʶǲԵ̫Сˣοӣ˵ƺҲЩܲһͷĳ͡
Z뵽Լĸÿγšͷױݣֱ˵Ȱͷ
ӣֻ˰ʱˣƾ˵ٶͦˡˣαˣ´οЩñõȡ
ǡ
ӣ̬ôãZ˼׷ˡ
ϲ֮ɫҲ˼֡ӣʾZĲ衣
ǲģζZһڣߺȵĲζƺŨЩɿżƺǻ㡭ζȻZ˼ڡ
ԵĻɢˡ
ǹ衣үһЩȥɡöҪζ
Zӣ̫ˡԼ޹ãƺԵЩͻ˼ӣôôĲҶģȻʮ
ˣлˡ
ү˿ү£
ʱ˵£ZĻɢˡ˵Ȼƽܶࡣ
˳Ĭǽ
ǧ·ZǻǣҲצӡ
ʱٿڣûĻץ͵ӵף
ӣüƺ׷ZΪЩһʡZԴԼƺЩͻˡӲͷƤ͵ҽȥ˳츮˵зץסⰸɶ졭һ䣬зץף


473 Զ

İʮ³Զ
Z֪ӣʱŭ
һСѾͷˣϹʲôʵʦģֻǱӣôͿһд˼ٷˡ
νֲЦˣȻӣΪп֮ӣСľױӣʵ̫ûˡ
ôˣ˳츮ץףҲûҵףһСεºܣҲ·˷ð飬ܰæȻǺõġһץףܶȻؼޡ
ôһ˵ĵ¾û֮СҲæ
ֻǲļЩ˺ӵĸĸϴ档
ZͻȻʶӣƺʲô˵ؾᣬʷǲҲŶһ鰸ӣȴֻǲļ˺ӵĸĸġ
Zһء϶
ӣ˵ĿҲǺġ
ֻ÷ȡZʵûһ˭һ˭ŵ˼ֻǼֵܣͷվһη˵Ƶǵð֡Zͷ˵ãû̫ӵҰģҲ뵱ʵۡĸֵܵ˻ʵۣͶϱǡ
֮£ȷʵȴִЩ
ԷZһ˼ʴˡ׮ǷƣȻҪνҲھ׬Ǳꡭͷʲôãֲϲѵѻλвɣ
ûϣ£Ϲʲô
ȻϲЩȢ˳úùŹԼСѵã
ƫҪǡ
Z̹¶һ㡣Żһŭ֮ӣʦӣĳZԼӣˡ
һҡǱΪãǲСŭ֣Ǻã
ֻæʵŵĻĻӿȥʶӣۼҲҵġĵµɴ۾һŵ´ӣ
ӣȥʷꡣ
ZҲǸʵڵģȻǣȥʶࡣ
ӣ˷ĻӣЦ⽥ա
ӣ²⣬Z֮ʦһǷ⣬ǷʣǷˡλӶڰƺ뽫һУܷƸꡣϧСʱˣƺһɵ
֮·ZȻЩɵǸġУΨһһֱ֮ˡ
ɱĵ£ղſĵһµĿԿ˷Zܴλĵ£Ȼȥӡλĵʵ̫öԸӲԣһӣĲݵӡ
ܲǿаѷZϳȥֻò˻ӣ
ԼҹֻҪ׼زԿ
ڣôԿ
ͷɵӣߣͦġӣʱˣܸӣԼá
λǸӡ
˺ƣǸдµġĵ´򷢵Ǳߣĵ²ǸУ
²ܡ
òүӦĵ¡ֻʱ߷Zʲô˼ᡣӣҡҡͷ棬зӦԡ
ٿڡԼҹ˵зӱзӡӣʱˣӣ˵ĻƺδʳԹ
Ȼûдǵ껹˷Z֮¡
ǼֵУĵһһ˼Щʲôʵġ
ӣϬġüǴȥշλֱĻˡֻλĻ̫ŮӡҪĿ࿴ʵס
ֻǾӣǽ˳츮ǿòϡ
ü⵹ϡ棬˶˳츮ԲЩź¡ȴƢ꣬ӹֱĻֺʣ
ҷ˽˳츮ľڣδİÿ궼ӡֻʮڡ¡ʺɽ˶Դֻ۾ֻ۾ֻҪǲң˳츮ײȥ
ҵ˳츮֮ء
ִҪϣϾǾǣӽ¡ǰЧʱˣ±Ҫ¶ˡ
ѵܿЩȷʵ˳츮λãʵʮҪǰաνҲΰҲΡܶʱǲ֪£Ҫָġ˳츮õѡֻǷZܵ𣿡
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476 ֻϲ

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477 ʫ

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꣺쵹ڡҪ׵ģ꣬档
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478 ¼

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479 ļҳ

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ƹӳĬԶԡ
С壬ʵ·ߡ˵·Ĭţϡ
ʵȥ·ҾúܺáԺ󲻹˭¾Ҷзӱȫ㡣һס㣬гڳϣֻҪûҰģ˭ҲΪ㡣
ʱܴų̫ƽ
ЩγûǣСֻһ룬Ϊ벻ʲô
ԩҲã˱Ҳգû沨һ죬˶ҪϢ
ʱڣĲһС
Ļг󣬰ӣ˵ٶЩ⣬Ȼ겻㲻ǲɲܷӣ˵ĺе
ܸоԼϦ
ܾðڿ̽š
ʶӣǰߡӣ˯һȻЩɸҲᱻجšžجΣٲԼڳϦС
ӣ
û㹻ȨƣҪαС
İӣôã졣⣬Сô죿
ƹ̲˸ǼϼһȶҸʻʮ棬ҡЩĺ𣿻᲻جΣεԼ֮Сǰã˲ãƺĸߣ·
ΪӣԼķءƺıܱ֤µ۲նݳǷҡɴûֵ顣ңɾΪƵƽֱƹ޷ٿڡ
ָоôûУ
˵ǰʮ꣬ÿ춼սս֮С
˯ȥҲ޷ҲΪˣͷܳΪ꽻ɡ
ҿڣ˸ЩϼһҲɿڡ֪ġЩ֪Ѿˣõü˹ͷҲҪȥĹ
¶ΪȻ֮ɫ
Ϊ㲻ǿһ㹻ǿˣЩֻбͷܵķݡ̴̵˵ƹţԼ඼ͣˡСӣ治ĻҲ˵ĳڡ
ǡźʹ졣
ϲΨҶĵ
ҲΪССһӣվھ䴦䲻˫۾˫µ۾Ĺ
ͻȻ뵽Լ¶ģƧԼ˳ְѷ˼ҡ֮⺢ȻɱģżģҲϤˡ
ӣҪƹѡһȻѡꡣ
ǡ
겢оǸҲʵƹӿʵλȤϲҲǰԼˡڻλΡ
ǹĺˣ֤֮ܡɰǻ˵ΪʵӦġ
ǹĲãǸˣʷĻ
ʵ۱𣿱Щ϶ﰵԼţ͢ö֮ķš
ЩǣһҲϷʲô鰡ġͷԼﱸ·ıúô
ɷһȴû˵ˡͷˣױżС˺֮УҲη꣬Ҳʮʱ䣬˴ţŶԷẦԼ
ϸλ֮λ
Ҳ˵ʱǱ˯Ⱦˡ
ȳסƹ˵
Ȼӵˣʱס
ʵұңĺöˡȻ˵ףѵǴ֮ãǻĿɱڶˡУЩ˿¶ЩëõģÿӬӪľΪֿڷԣѵǴ֮á˵꣬˶Цˡ
ƹ뵽ӣǷȴ͸ŹԵӡ
ĻУǷʵûʲôȡ֮
ͬŮ޽ңҲǳνͷŮ
ΪŮģԸðһա׺Ҵ˸
˸ʵͦ׸˵Ϊ˻Ѫ˸¼ϵ¼Ů£ɥȢҲҪһš˸ƹܣһǸϡ㣬ӦúͷĻ游һݡ
Ƿϻ곤һλ
ǻ̫ˣԽνѪܱΪΡã޲׷
Ȣӣѹһر˸ǸϹŶˡ
л
һⱲӶˣҲԼáʵһֱҵĺӡ
֪԰Ѱӣ㿴ǲǷˣ
ƹӵʱɴ۾šСӡ
ӣʱʫʡƹӱʾӣʫֱ˵ӣװһ
ƹ˿ӣʱ۾ֱġ
һʫʵĹﰡ
ƹ룬ɱлλСˡһȣƹӻҪϷлơ
лģ˵ҲһвŮ֮ơǣƹӾϷҲֻλлҵǧˡ
ֻһᣬʾϲԼȥȢ
⻰ҲǷ˵һˣƹһԲ˶ߡ
ˣôһСѾͷĿǸлơȻǾһĲŮô˵λȻĺܰ
ѹַ񶼱Եħˡ
ڳû㵱һ˼ŷ꣬ƹʮο
ӣղ˰ʫ°˵ȷ굱̫ٸƹӣʵ̽̽ƹӵ̬ȰˡѵƾŰʫʲô춯صĴ¡
ƹΪʫһץ顣
ӣЦŽ°ʫϣҺʹıʾԼװһʫʵûʲôô
սֲܱɱСھֲܻΪ׻Ĭ͸ƹҲ޷ƹԣʱЦļۡ
ұʾʱӭӣ
ӣûʲô˲áСԺʵǸͨũСԺ
һξͱӣ̽ˣٲ岢
ֱڻس̵ӣѴеĸ˵꣬ЦЦĸӣ
ܵƹӷΪϱһֶֻó
ĸʣҲԺվһվҪΪϱҪңΡ
ǼװĶ飬ֹ±ֱӦоС̲ʷľڣǰ׷ʮꡣ


480 Ĳ

İٰʮĲ
±ʲôӣ̫棬ǾӣеˡԼüСʱ򱳹ʫδʻ˶ĺô
ΰݷá
ֹǲֱǳԤϡƹʵͦ°ӣǼʫСԺĴŶѴ򿪡ӭǽˡ
縸ӡ
ڳ֮ˣƹҲὲʲӵİݼڡ
ʱӣҪôûлӦֻӣӦ䡣
ָоӣǸܴ漣Ĺ漣ԷӣҲƹﴴ漣ϣӣȻɱõƹӵӣ;Ȼڿڡ
ֱ˵ӣһӵþҲһˡݰ÷Ŀࡣ
ƽӵ˵ϰˣûӣࡣ
ʱӣʣ鼫ѵ˵ãҼҰӣ˵Ĳ̲ģӣҲ͵ĳɷмɣֻԼֵĻǿ⡣
ҪҲߣֻҪܹƹؾС
õ϶𸴣ӣɿˡʵͦദģƫҴţΪǸϹ
ҲֻЦ
ĵҲֻһӣ˵ƹӺദɡȥͬţȥ̲ʣǶͷ˾ΪΣһһ飬ϻ˷جΡ
ʣλҲֻҷ¡
ֻҪλ忪ڣʱֻеͷķݣλûʲôҰģҲֵǿάòĳ̶ȡ
ûܺã
ܺðƢãòãһǸǫǫӡֻǳʰĲ̫䡭ӣֹ
꣺Ǹ˵СĴ󣬻˵ɵɵ
أȥºҪ˼ҳʰĲɾİӣǸϡ
˳ְʰһ¡ϵķҲǰ׼øˣֻҪһȱˡӣƮƮ˵ȫһСТ̬
һЦĿӣҲ֪λڼԶҳƫƫҪ˵Ļ忴Ȼһ¡ĳ᲻ᱻŵ
ƹȻûŵʵĲᡣ

ԭǽȻǰɫģľͷ·ҲʮŲ̛ƹ̾ʱˣסʱһжôɾˡ
һȻλΪ
ΪСǸӣռ˳ءû뵽ǰѺ֡ϴʰһղŷ껹İãϲЩδƵİӣһְͦӦ֡
뿪̫ƽǰһ׮˰˵Ǹɱ֯һ¥ΣרһǮķӣֻǲҪռҪС
˵ⰸƣӹΰ
Ҫھ˳˲һԵ
ƹŰѳ˹ܽһҵĶŮﳤ󣬱ĺܡ
游ǰݡ
ͷԻȡ߾갲ȡ
зʡȻ˼ǣӣжʱӲ̫⣬۾Ҳˣ˲ɵ¡
⣬һꡣһ˵Ƿһ
Ȼ˴ʱĳ˷ϲĹ
ǰһ˿Ҳʧˡƹ롭ƨѪͳȥɡ
óã󰸣ʬ̳ıܺͷ겢硭ɱȾЩǿǧٱ
ӣظּҴҳţ˵ˣ˹Ա˵Ĳ£Ǹ۵һ
ӣŽԺӣ㼱Ҵҵӭ˳Ǹˡ
ӣüһʱδܽⶡ֮⡣֣ڶоĴʡ
ǷʣһѹӡϹ֡λĻӡţ˵ˡĻӲţƫҪȲ衣
Zĵ죬ǷѾȲˡ
ӣĥ뷨Ӷһж̽ЩϢ˶Ǳϲǡ
ǿͣѾͷ裬úдţȥʰʰȥǰĵ¡
ӿӴū澿Żӵûһε֡Ǹ
ӣ̫µӡ
ֻҪĲżɧӣЦЦƽ϶żûûСֻʵмûһˣæ?
ע˲䱻תơż˵æӦһЩĹԱ½˿˹ԱĲ¡ƽͻȻġЩԱΪԼǸƧСأΪͼӱܽƽ


481 

İٰʮһ¸
һ˵ͷβܽƽȲĹԱһֶֻĹһˣƽһվЩԱϥģһ¡˵󣬶ƲƲ죬÷һǵǷʰ
ӣͷĲࡣ
æʲôһɵɵ͸¶ġ
Ƕ㡭
һ˿ûʲôļƣģҲǺأʵǷһĸ
ӣȥ˷ZٴμλĻӣϴɫԲͬˡ
ƺЩ˼żӣԼԼŴȻЩĿİͰ͵Ľ͵ǱĲǡ
öɹ
˵ȷʵЩ¡ʧӰˡ˵ҽӸ߱㡣
˵Ŀġ
ZһϤɫƺԤϵӣڵĻЩ
ԼϴǷʦģţʵЩʧͳԭû˵ѣ̫ƽʱȷʵҲӣݶ˵ĻͦĲãհס
ȳ͢ԱҲ١
ⰸ˾Ҳļı䡭ãܰⰸơ
ZȻЩɣǼȻֿ˿ڣ˱ųһΰɡֻ˴Ҫֲ鰸ʱ䣬ų
Zźе
Ȼͦ˼ģԵ
һҡ鰸Щ㡣бߣ˭Һһ⡭
ӣ÷Z˷Եܲ࣬Ű裬ʵǸɵ˲ƺŹ档
ϸͷĵмͬ
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ZԼӣˡСЦеģһǸƢġҲ֪Щйصҥôġ
ҥֶĺ˲ǳҥΪֻǸݰΪŰˡ
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ЩС²۾ܰ죬ôǿ֮⣬òӣôʿɡZΪ鰸ֻǸӣӣǻһ£Ȼһҳء
ZҲ֪Լ̫ˡ
ʵڲӣһСҪȥӵ˼һʡ
ֻǳֻǰZڿʼǿͻӵݡ
С˵ġֻ𱣻İȫZʵڲ֪Ҫô鰸Ȼӣ˵ĵ±ǡ
ܲ
ӣڶġ࡯ͦ⡣λĻӳǣʲôýģŷZ
ڣ鰸ȷ°빦
˽Ѻõ̸ӣ˷Z
ʱ㿴ԼҹλĻ̸ʲô
Z꣬Ȼһ̬ЦźͷкҪ֪λĻֽ֮ǰӲǱ۾۾ġ̫߳ˡ
ܣء
üŰʱ䣬Ѿֱˡ
Ļʲôʱģɳ
ǰ͹ˣԹˡͳһԵģĳղҳűҸгպáԺ»ʱ߶ˡĻȳҲʲôˡ
ҪύףֻҪкóԵġ
ֻǳԹǲܽѣ͵ÿĻӵˡ
졭ƺãͲôˡ£ûӣء
´ŵѹߵZߣӣŷZͷȲĿյһǳЦҪȻ˵̾ͻᷢ쭡
ʲô£
½Сҽ˵佫ɱеĹ¡̽ĸ
Zŷ֣˳ԣȻϲ¡
Сƽƽģ˵ļֱ֮𣬿Ȼһʱ;ڵ赹ˮһСģ
Ϊ£
ͻȻˣȴˣĵ²ɵõһۻµķꡣܣҪȥæɡĸˡ
ƤЦⲻЦĻصæһûĹءһ
Zʱ㲻Ϸˡ
Լոտ˳Űľ磡
˵ôҲˡĵ£öһ˰ҪһЩƷ
θںõĺܣϲһ̡ZѹӣڰָʲôӣΣλĵһ¾Ͱ˷粻ˣҲø˸¡
λĵ¡ʵͦ÷Zġûʲôĵµĺġ


482 ִ˲ƣ

İٰʮִ˲ƣ
òʾ֭䵱ҽ
ĵӣ˿ˣ첻ˣհɡ
գʲôʱ죿ZһζʣǰԲ̫ˡ
첻УҪ鰸ˡ
ʲôʱ򣿡
ʲôʱʧӰʲôʱٽ͵ףˡ
ӦǵõȥΪ˳ԿڶðõĶ
Zת꣬״ǳЦȻˣȥЪŰɡĸġ
ͱʲô˵ģZŲ鲻Ըǣ첻ҲҲգһóڡ
˷Zſӣ
ӣ˵ںˮ˶ֱ֣ˡ磬Խˣ
ζθ
θȻãÿϼڡ쳤վõĿɶûʲôôӣԴ˹۵֮ԱǡҲ֪ǲԼڲ֪ɣÿμ˶ŵģ
ӣȻܱͦһںġ
ƺ䣬Щִ̫֡˲ƣһ
ĪҲ֪ʱҼҰӣҲܿʹˡ
ʹġʱӣһѰʯͷԼŵĸоѧõıʮ˵ãƺõĶʮǡȱִѬճܺҪǿϰٱ
治ܣϣղѹҵѧһѧ
㰡Ҳʹǰɡһַܱ͵ĵ˵ӣĶͷܽᡣ
ӣͦͷġջǰסˡòǡôȤζĹ𡭡ˡ
˵жǰơ
ӣϢģǱ߾ûͦźġСѧˣ֪ʿɶֹˡ˺ܶȤ
ݣ˲衣ȻʶʶȤ£˴šһֱ̾Ϊֹ굹ͦͶģзִ磬ʶ壬ѹַһϡһ֮
ҲСˡһҿǰɡϲ½β׬ͷ
һءʮߣӣ곤꣬ǴˡӣɾʮΣϵ
뷭ۣӣͦԼסˡһڣôϵںˡ
ŻڡһѾ֮ˣóɼˡ
ӣ֪һԼǰСɣӣͦпһһϻƹˢĿӻ
ѹְѶת
磬Һ˵Ǽ˵𣿡
ͷʱͦġӣ˵ǼЩǲ顣ܶʮ껹ûˣеĹɴһӲˡίʵˣһȻӣǲҲݱӣͦģ޸ƺҲų⡣
̫ˡʮ꣬ܵĸˡ
ȻĺôЩӡŮ˲ӵ̫ˡԽСӵΣϵԽ󡣡
ӣܼ֡
Ȼ˿ڼ޸ꡣ
Ͼֻʮ꣬ǰԼµġ
궮ˡȻЩ˼飬ȷʵŮʱѲҶһӵʱ
ʮҪ׼ˣе˼ʮŮ޳ȥˡ
ȻͦţֻҪӣ
÷һͶףһôôһʮ֮ǰ׼ӡһӣûʲôˣһĬһӡ
С涡ͷˡļױ׼ѡӣö޹ȥɡ
޹ȥȥƽ󷴵ǷһޡʱıԹ䡣ӣЦĺܿĲ̾ôСӴѹƵĶĽ
ӲⱾ
Ȼ˵ˣӦóûһԼ¡²֮ذڷһġֲԼû£ջһأ¼ҹءƾʲôһ⣿ԼӡȻⲻͬ
ӣǵ¶¿ɺã
ӣԥĵͷðô򵥱ӦˣҸ̫Щ±ܵһס󵨵ȥҸǲͷҰ㡣
ҸĲ̫죬̫Ѹˡ
ʾЩмܲס
Ըôף
£ǲҵƷҲöԼſİһ·̫ƽǣûһǧҲа˰٣ĸܼ·ˣ


483 ˭ļ

İٰʮ˭ļ
Ȼӣﻰⶼ˵ռ˴ˡ
ɷҲСӣȻֱܷĳӣʵ˼ˣǻϲġ
͹ˡ
ļӷ˵ҲǶһ޶ˡ˾ҲõԼ
ģһǰģ֮ʹ
ʮТֽʽǱĬĽСӣ룬ɹˡʵЩµģСίʵǿЩ
Ҳ֪ǲǹȥһ룬дʱ趼δá
ΪСﻹûпʼء
ֱ˸سǣ̸սֳǡݡ١
ҽˮƽʵڿǰ˼ȥҲ֪ô¸߷ꡣǻȨϣȨϡ
Ů˶ʱֻǸƷ
һ·ǣӣһЩլżƯ
ƽԼܣйд͡Щ˾Ȼ߳ܵĻߵŮˡ
˭ҲںһŮӵǲ̫С᲻ѲŶ£ӣڽԼͷһ󻼡
ɵˬԲѵĳŵճˡ߸˵ôĶͷȻȻҹȥ鷿дּͻˡ
ӣȻЩ޼ޣҲûϰ
Ե˭
ڶӣʱѾ֪ȥҲ֪ǲĽȥˡ
ӣ˳ͷĻ߶㣬ר׼ױǰ޸һ
Сͷ
ͷһҲһ·࿴ᣬʱáū澺ͷһ˵ǳˣҲ뿪µô˵ˡֻҪһԸ⣬Ȼϰ߶̣Ҳϰ߶˵˵Űԡ˶㣬˵ϰߵĻ
ҲԸ⣡ū澺ͷһͷοҲøŹӳģ
˭Ҳ˭
ӣɶǲǱԼˡôŮȨϵĵ
ƫһӦװɵ࣬Ӧȴ׽⣬áһｵһɡ
ҲãǱԺкðСԺɡ
鷳ˣǵȲˣһȢˣʱū澱˳µļ̹ˣʡЩѾͷǱ
ò£ӣ֪⻰һǷһ˵ġ
ڸˣӣ̫ᣬһжɶȻҲ˲̣ܽӣ֪һָ㶡㣬ҲǷһѸٺͶ죬̸ۼ޵ԭ֮һ
ҽģͷһʰˡͱǰ߿ˡ
ıʶƣҲżҲ֪ôӷһѧĨЦ
ɵЦӣʵûʲô׷˼ˡȥ֪ͨźѹӣǺһš
ͷϰ֮ȥ鰸ȥԺ֣Ȼ㡣һȤĳȥ
ƽֻԼѹӼֿסͬһСԺȻҲǶӰԴ˹ѹʮҲ徲
ʵǼֿ
ﲻǾǣǸӴⱲǿ۽ˣС֪𡭡һټ棬ʲôĶУȻרСЬġⶫ˭ﲻᰡȻרſȥлСûӣֲͷɤŵ˵
˵Ķźѹӡ
һʱֻǱƽʱһ֡
ѹǸģ쾹Ȼİӣʼû
̧ѹӼӣ۾˲һһظ顣㣬ڵˡǲҪţȥʲô鰸𣿡
Ȼһʵ
龢ӣЩܳôˣҲû첻ôô顣
ѹǸزסġ
ӣ֪ܿȥˡ
ǣҶ棬Թһ侩ʵǼ顣
һ䣬͹⡣
ѹӻУȻܷ٣ٷҲļҰļССĸС紾ӣлиĸۿžǵķ˼ˡ
ɼֿȴȫôˡ
ʲôһһէġԴӽ˾Ǿûͣ
ѹӾԼĶ䱻ĥ˺ļӡ˯ﶼǼֿੲݵ졣
ʱĽŵˡ
ֿȥţ㣬ٱִô죬ҶҪǰˡ⺢˵ûִ磬ӣһۣѹӣӦĵľӣԽˡ
ִ磬𣿡
ֿЩ˼µĴͻȻ˾ǣǰһƬ½ġҸ˵˵ԺƣȥСӡ


484 Իͬ

İٰʮ³Իͬ
ţʱִ磬˼롣ӣ˵
üҲûз
Ǽֿ˲䡮ѡˡģ˵궼ˡ
죡ƽƽȵĶء
쿪ʼ龩ʧӰλʱߣʲôһ֪
۾ʱһƺһ֡˲²ԽԽ񡣷֮ߴůԽή衣
˾һֱ֮ڡصƿ
Ҿ˵ⰸһ䵽ϡһЩ֫Ȳֵֻ֣֪үǲ鰸̫߳ѹ˲Ѫָ뱾ԡ
㻰ࡣӣ⡣
ѹӻЦ
ӣҲЦˣϤĸоһƺֻص̫ƽ
ʱ򡭡ӹȻЩǺܿ֡˵ƺڵġھǣƺǸСԺֽŶǱġȼ֮ǰԼ˸ɽ˵ɽɽ
ZֵĽ˴
ǰĵ˲ֱͨӽ뵽
ZҲû֡Ȼǲ鰸϶Ҫ֡ӣĸҲʲôʱ
ZɲԽǼˡ
ֻӣĸࡣ
̡Ƚ£λ̫ƽҡҼ֮ˣĵ¶Я
Z۴ˣвɵֹ˵ԲɾţƺҲп֮ǳϲ⻰ƺͦŵġ
ǰˡ
Ӣ䣬壬ǸСһЦ۾гһߣϲ
λܾȻӣ߸ôˡ
󰡣
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νѹһԴʱȻǼֿ档лĵ£ֱʾβ鰸Ӿġ
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Իǻͨġ
ղһֱ㲻״ѹԴ˻
Ҳ˵ζիիһȥɸţ˵ҪȥԷǰ˽Ԥѹ˵ģĵλȴԶ⡣
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СӿŻͦ˳ۡԺ͸ű»ɡܳԾζի
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ѷĵС£ҪȻš
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ZҲʹ죬ûǰиţôҡڵȥ鰸ܲʲôʲô˿ҲҪЩǲȳһˡ
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ӣƽճеǷŪġ
ССһֻӣһˡ
֪ĺڣӣǷڷĵͻȻﳵ
ZZǸģټѹӺˡԼ֮ꡯȴ˻Ǽֿ
Ż٣żҲ˵ϼ䡣
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˼Ҿ̫á
ԺЩң˵ӵĸ׳ϹˡҪϲܻһڼңѾ
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㲻㰡
ͻȻһ죬ٰȥ棬ûл
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485 ߷ãӸ

İٰʮ߷ãӸ
ɲҵӣұҲĿȻ֪˭ɹȻҼҺӣһǸˡѰغӡˣҲҪʬ
ӣûȰŮұ̫ˡ
Ӷˣټ˵ԹйŮǻ衣
Ů˿ãڳĬҰһغӣҪ侲ںúû룬ʧǰʲôߡָӣӱϾСʲôֵ鷢Ҳ⡣Χ磬ͻȻ˻ˣʲôֵĴԡ
ºϸСĶҲҪҡŲ˭˺ӣмѭġ
Ů˵ͷŬšٲʹˣʵûʲôϡġÿһ˷Ȼ˳ϹĳЩι˺ӣȥˡ֯红ӻ¶ӲǲھӼҳԹҲû⡣˯һʱ˯Ѻܳȥˡ˵ҪҴóԵĻ˵󣬸ĬĬᡣ
ϸֶʵͦͷ۵ġ
Ҫıһͷۣһ߳˿롣
˵ھӼҳ˷
ǡԼȥھӼҡһϵھӶܺã˷㶼ӳԷġ˼ҵĺҼңҲúӳԱġ
ºûȥʹ˭ҳԵķ
Ůҡͷ
ٲҲûȥ𣿡
ٲ˵ǳ£ʮڱ˼ҳԷǶϰΪˡǰûʱҲдھӼҵĺӡסĶھӣ汲ǲ˰мӺӵġ
ӣͷҲֹٲղʱҲˣȻΪӣϺ˺ܶࡣ
йزסĺڽܡ
żһһ˵ģҪȥʺӶȥ˭ҳʲôҲȷЩˡ
ӣֱӳʲô¹صһӶʧ
˵ϴóԵĻ
˵ͷǡżҲô˵ǹңҪȥˣû˼ҳ껹õĵҲ̹ñ˼ҵĶ
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ӣŮˡ
ҵ˻ȥʣοҲһйءֻҪȫ㻹ܸһЩںӵ𣿡
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δҲδοڰοԸ˵ʵ̫԰ˡ
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뿪ǰӣŵ
Ů˺ݺݵĵͷ
Z˵ȵѾЩˣǷĵ£ʲôʱȹˡӣһ͵ӭǰôôãٲҾҪˡ
ٰꡣͺĸ׶˵˼䡣
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ϳ֮ǰֻǰԸ˼䡣
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Ů˶ŮҲƽշǴ
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Ůʲôû˵ͭţ֮ҲûлµŮŮĹΣʧֻΪ˰ѼͭΪС
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мŮ˼ƽϵķĵ£Ҳѵ¶ŭ⡣ƺŮ˼⡣˴ŮʵڲҲֻòڰĻװСŮ˼š
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Ķ˵Լ˭鰸ⰸҶ£ǰҲǰҶ֡
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ôã˿ûСŲһ죬ܲʲôģΪ˭㡣˳츮ǲˣʹֱ˵ڱǰˣЩֶΡ
˳츮ǴӵˣȫǶ֪
ZϲŭϣͣԲ˵ʲôҪ
˴۵Сۣ·Ƶġ
Z⻰ӣ˵ģӣͦġ
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ȴѷZ˸Ѫͷӣƺ⹦Ϳ˭ͷϡûзZһܣ˵Ļϡ񡭡ȴֻŹ䣬ʲôûȴҪˡ


486 񷨹

İٰʮ½񷨹
ȻǸͣҲĲʡλĵǼλһ
ŷ˵Ļǵ
ƽоǣȻûʲôɹеΪ˸ռоҲû¹ӵ̫ƽЩȴû뵽Ȼ˲鰸˼Ĵ̴̵ĺͳһ˳츮
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ܣٲҹѲߣδܶžӣһҲǽп಻ȻİȱȴûλĻ
ⰸˣZ˵ѹûʲô°
ɴñ²࣬ӣ˵仰Ϳλͦĵġ
λӴ˼Σʲô̫סÿ˵ֱҪǽȴʧƵģ֮⣬ӣһֱӶ
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Zѵöӣѵָߴϵ⡣һ˼ֲƼ֮С
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һܣţרŹԩ顣
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ڣŻˡ
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ûӣֻӲͷƤధӣӶ˶٣µڷZƮƮƮͶС
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Уʲô˼
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ϲ֣ðɣȥɡֻЩʱŲ鵽ˡ
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κ˲ű춼Ǵġ
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ʵûʲôֿολĵῴɫ˵ȫƾ顣
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ӣ֣ѵ˳츮Ƶ޽ˣ
ǲܵġ
Ȼұ֤ưһܿ졣
ҾȻЩδһҵףһȳӡ
ߵ̫ˣĵ¸ûӦӣͼʲô˼Ѿֵټˣ
ӣȵͷҡҡͷ˵ټ磬ֻˡ˵ʲôӣ棬ţֻһࡣҲŹ֮˵ǱֻΪġȻģܻ˿
Ѿҵ˶Է˿㿴˭Ӧˡ
һʲôʱ򶪵ģ
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С̫ˣĵ²ûر⡣
ֻС֮ĳɷݣҽʲô⣿
ZЩӣȻµ˹ҽ뵽ӣܶ˵һмĻƺܲµҲ̫ˡ


489 

İٰʮ
жҽ飬ǲĳɶӵ˼ң¶ˣҲйĶҲûҵҽҲһ˵ǿһˮĶ֮ججԲû֤ݡ
Ұ·ӵĶҽΪһᰲȥܲһЩ
Z˵ͷƺûʲôˡӣŵľ֡
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490 

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ʲôԼ֪һ˲õ¡ϸ׷ʣZҲԼʵת
ǰ׿ڳϵģԴӻؾһֱӣͬͬޡ


491 ʧ֮

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492 ˭۸˭

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493 

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Ժһˡö߶ġлƻһĵ£ϾݣھŮȦֻб˰ͽеķݡ
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494 

İپʮ
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ҲҪʺġ
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лȴҪо
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лƣҺ֮ûʲôޡ
÷ꡭʱʮ꣬ǸµС
ĸʱ򲻻Ҳʲô¡Ȼͷ˻Լ͸ùԹԴлҴޡ
οһˡҽá֮ܲܽѵףӣжϳġ֮һˣ޾ɺõģƣ̽÷꿴ܾ㣬û۹⡣
֪ѹûµۣ
ǰĻлƻܰţһ䡭
ȴлʹķΣ˲䷴ǾǵһŮҸǵةࡣô֪ܲ˭ܡ


495 Ӽ

İپʮ°Ӽ
ʱͷĽã˿ƺͬáǰº˵ˣ˵ѹͿ֮ܺһ޷࿴һ۷¡Ҳ׿ʹ꣬˵һֱû̫עΪֻ¶һŮ
⻰ԱƷлơ
߾ȫԼȻ뾡취ͷĽã÷Ľ
Ϊ˶죬ŬڻʺǰЦ
ΪľǷżȥģܶ࿴һۡ
ʱ껹ǸС꣬ĸƺ˭΢΢ӣֻڷǰЦ
ЦӡЩ겻ھǣлƱǿŻЦӵġ룬һ죬ҲЦģһ졣
Ȱȣȵ˼ǣûл
СǶˣʼĽةǧ𣬵ЦûȢĹڣ˷ꡣˣʱ꣬ٴλؾ֪ؾлҹδߣ۾ԺﶼǷꡣˣʲôģ᲻ǵ
꣬
ļȴ·İˡ
лƸԼݷͬһ㣬ʱؾ˷飬ԶΪ˱
һֱôԼǴӦ޸ʣҲ֪Ϣ󣬻
ֻҪڣĺǣԸߡʲôҪԺһԴֲ赭
ǡûСʲôӦûСлƾԼֻһ쳤ڽţȥ˺ҧȥ˹Ѫͷѡӣлƽӣǰԭ
ʲôĶǽڰˡ
ӣĽ߲л¶ȫѪܵ˿ڡ
лƹ˲ķˡ
ŮЦŮʲôŮߵĴʹѾͷ𣿡
ұǸɴֻѾͷлҲʹ𡣡лƱϾнŭ˵Ļӣ˵ҲСС֡
㵱ԼʲôǿΡھŮˣµһ㡣䲻¡
֢ڡ
ǵ֮ˣ˭ϣ
ȴƫƫ˸ԼӣΨһǿģҲǸݣڹĿȢⱲעλԵˡ
޸꣬Ǻ˷ꡣ
лƺ޼ӣ䲻ϣлС޹ءẦһẦΪã뿪ɡӲĲУлһֻģҪӣ¹ˡ
ӣĿֶ޿䣬ȫ綼˵ˡ
ûȤˣ㻹ǻؼҰɡúôޡȻ޸ӣͶӺúùӰɡٺ˼ˣ˹֪ĶҪ롣
е֪㳣֡лС㣬ء
ˣӮѶ
лЩʧƺԼɽ
ӣǸݰǸЦ˶ֻᳰЦ
Լȴܸһǽˡлƾ̫ЦˡҲЦˣЦļֱӡ
ӣüɵÿš
ֵǲǸýˡ
ǺϬ£Ȼһ̷긺ֶ롣лƿ꣬ƺ˶ɵģЦʱһҲӵ飬ƺղǷһĻֻ
뿪ڡ
ɷӰȴлƵʱ
Ƿʡ
ΪʲôǷʣôǷʣлƵӺң벻ͨôԷ겻мһˡ
ӣʣ¶Ц⡣۾΢΢һУһϷ顣
ȻӣĲ⡣ʲôӣлƲοҲӣľ仰˵Ĳԡ
Ȼȷʵǰֻ۾ֻ۾лôģĸ˵ȢлƣֻΪ£лࡣֻҪлһһƾ͵Ȣȥլ
񡭡
Լδŵӣƣӣ
ǵһŮҲ֪˭Ц¡лŵĻСɷɷ׵ģ˸ޡʱʿû˵¡
ȭ֣ӣͷ˵Ϊһ̡ΪֽϷƶȥˡ
Ҳл÷ƶǰ㲦֮ƶл
ӣ˵ĶʵҲʹ졣
겻ҪŮˣԼȴҪȢ
ҪںԺֻҪôһ룬ʾ;һ࣬ĵĻš
¿ˣҲǡ֦֪ͬĵû˵ʧӰѾüĿˣŲձܸƣʱǰüȹϲˡ
ʣ⻹ò˳ˡ
ŲԴһ䣬ͷ˵ĻֱԼǺƽϣǸ쵰
ӣڰȴΪӣ˵˼ʵǹôһͨƺЩ
οӣⷬҲȷʵ÷˲


496 αʢ

İپʮαʢ
֮£ӣղǼ̱ĻƺҲˣ֮Цģ߶ͣ࿤ˣ˰һúóл
ֲض񡣳æҲ֮Уֵ֮䣬˵лֱ̫ˡʱڡߣԽ÷гʱ
ӣϲʲô
ӣ仯жڷУɾӣ֮˷꣬Ϊſ
ȻЩ۹ʡ
òҲû١
ôһ˲䣬һɷ߿Ĳһǰ׷ܵСһͻȻİˡζֱɬ˷
вɵ룬ҪȢӣ
ȻҪᵽ֮λأֶټĴδûпܡ
ʱɽ˾֡
һ̷һˣĲͷ˵ҪƯ̫ˣ෴ģҪܸԼӣܺԼһıĹֱ졣
лӵУȴˡ
񡭡ʵƳһԴ¶浫ĬлƣУԽĿȫ
䲻£ĸ
лƣЩл˲˼δ²䷼ġȢлƣش˷һơ
֪ԼȢлƣҲȫ޺ô֪ԭлһֱϲĵǷꡭ֮Լ޸Žһܵϻʺ󣬽üꡣ
ŮˣȻƯǷʿȴԽĳª
ҪȢһŮˣҪȢȴӣ뵽ЩζԸ꣬ӣԲٺһڣ˺һһȫȻ괦ļʽ
˵ȷʵҴæлҪлġɣҰ鴦꣬ȥׯѩɡׯӾһ㣬ɹׯƬ÷֣ٹʮµģ÷Ҫˡʱ»пɡ뿤͹!
ӣĵȥ÷ԸűӴ˯һ
ʵˣƬ̻صʱ¶лҲһɡǲ֪ܲܵС֮⣬ǰԼ˾ۻᡣ
ӣȥǱȥĵ
˵ɣ֪ģ䡣
Щˡǻл˵⻰Եý飬ӣȴ˵̹˷ǵǸеɰĹЦ⽥ãǱ㲻ȥл磬ʱɡӣܹˣЩη
ʾûۿˡ
αأʲô֪˯һݡ
Ҳʲôܣٶֵܼﰵﶼ̽һЩҲǷ껹ӣƺû˼󷽵ļֱ벻֪ѡ
Ǳ㵽ʱ˵ɡƶʱˣظ
лԴӷ¶棬һСɷɷ׵ģƽʱҵҼǴʱʶ࿴һ붼ᷳ
лǲ顣
ӣ޼ӣɵŷʵ棬лֻ⡣ǰ͵͵ꡣɷӣ˵ʲôƺĻúܽĴƺѾӣա
лƼʹ޷ԼĻ˸
ں硣ֱ֫Ӳ˷·˱䵽⣬ͷ䵽š
ʿʧǵӱðۡҲû˾ӷȣ뿪лƷӦæ׷ʡ
ͷѾעԵˡ
ʧȥʣҪסͷ
һǰһһ·û˵һ仰лתԼ
ʱлС˾䡰¡ϾǸˣʹŹŴŴζټϼﻹơ˶İݵʯȹ°ɡ
ȴüͷ塣ʲôԺ˵ɡлҡ
ҽǷ˵֮Ե޹˵ġţȥʵ
Ц
ĸȷʵлݷӣ¡Ͼӣǽˡ
Ȼ.УЩʱΪ
ĸԲŹκοҰֵĻġֻĸһûлƹӣơлƹԼѣַ̫ˡ
ӣǼǹȴóϷ
ʵ̫Сˡ
лôǸұۣ͢ŹسŮȴֻǳֶΡʲɵЩʧ
뵽лλħĹӡлһһŮлܳģлҷ޶Ҫոˡ
ʢ֮£лƲǸмɫͨǲŮ֮


497 л

İپʮ´л
ӣ˵һǳ˶лĹά
һлЩŬŵĽˡлƲҲԳƲжǸͨĹˣΪлңԲνһŮͷ
޶ۡ
ΪпĶʵĶˡлȻ֮ɱϾеһŮ֮Ȣлƣ˵ҲǽˡǡЦ
˿ǸһǴĹġˡ
ȴ֮⡣
ֻҪ뵽ԼΪʱĸһСں⣬ֳģֹײĸ
Ȼʹ裬ȴʱʱ
һ
ʴʱû˼л˵ʲôҲգʾҲգᡣ
ĸƳ
Ҳл粵ǲģлСױǡлС㻹Ҫסһ£ǱδŵӣնʧҲ޹⡣
⻰л˵ίʵѿ
СǱĸﳤġ˶ָ
ӣԶţΪעѡ
Ƿʲͬδɷ򡭡л÷ΪǷꡣף̫ðʧˡֻЩģҲԼͦЦˡôˣʵǵνϲżɢˡ·ģԼݡ£ԺزС
лϴϵĵҲ̹
ʲץŲţԵ˵ͷڴǷʹ˽ҹȴ̬²ң
ʽŹڳϵĵлơҲе˶лĿǵ¿ˣԽĽʮĹѾɬСˣŮӵķ顣ɷȴǰлƲЩľս
һ̷ʶ
ĸϣģ׺лƽںĴ㣬вͨġ
಻㲢ҪҪǡѹû㡣
˿Σʺıˡлȫ䣬ɻҪװԼ׷еĶ⡣л㣬ƶˡ
ʲÿɷתٲλ֮͵лС㡣
УлƼҪѱҧáʣ꣬⼸˺ù
ڴ˷ʺлƣܰӣС£ˣ¶ɫлʲôѰ·
ӣСᴷػϸšҶ̫ˡǰûôǿ¶ʱģЩӣ񡭡겻˼ֱԲ䡣˼Ѿĺˡ
ֱӡ
Ҳ֪Щлô̵ġôԽԽᡣ
лιı»Щģμҵı¡߯Щ
һһŮǸպ;ǰ竻һżȥӸϳԳԺȺһ
ŮǸ濴ŻЩӣʵЩЪ˹ˡӣ̵ģ˵ݾֹʧ֮ˣлŸպá
á
ʲôҪõʲô̫쿪ˡ
лļֱǸӡϲһҪϲϲͷ衣
˵ǷӶ̧ˡʵϲһ˲Ǵڲִ֪磬ȻԷܻرݸ飬˵ѵݣĬĬףǡȻϲһˣȻϣҸл޲û˶Է
һϲʵڲʲô˿ĵ¡
ˣʼȻ׶ػ뷨ԼлƵġ˵ҲɺϣʾȻ𽵹лơշʲڣٲҪ÷֪лƵĿ˵ķһ˼
국һЦۡ
𽵹лƣ²ǵġλֿһݷˣֻǿûнڡ
ܲZƵģܲ˵š
ӣŲ참ӣҲýʰš֪лӣȻȲҲֻӣ÷лǳδ޵⡣
ΣڴлơҲǼ¡ӣܿ
ǣҼҰӣлƺ޻֮
Ȼе߱¡ҺúôڼûȥлơƫѰڣԵСȻҪ㡣Ҳ룬ҼҿӺңԸ
λ»ʮͷˡ
ȢлƵֶ£лңл֧еñʧͷֻС¡磬𣿷ͷ۵黹ںءлƾ濴ôԺĺլѵð
ǶҪͷ۵£޹ءǰֻվһԿϷǡ


498 ֮ǰ

İپʮ֮ǰ
һֱҥԣ˵Ǹ۲أ²
˲²⣬˵۰أ̫ӵ¾Եʮüˡ
̫ѡǲ²ĶࡣӣӡĻӶƳ硣֮£λĻӣԵ̫Щ
Ҳ˵ȷʵ⡣
֮ҲܿӣؾѾˣ˽סʮ죬ʮ춼ڼ﷭ڣʼͷĵһ鰸ʱĵҲܿ죬ɲúã֮Ҳɲӿ
ӣ֪ÿ춼æʲô
ֻ֪ƺƹ˲ϳ˸ϡ
ӣӷϿΡϲŭ궼εĺܺáԵǾ໥֣ٲĻˡ
ʵȨıĶӣȷʵȤΪϲ꣬ԡݼڡˣ˷գӣҲɵȥţǼ⣬һ˼ʧӰϡ
Ҳ֪ǲǽĵ߷ãŵĲ˶Էۡ쾩ڲٶˡ
ƺһ
֮£ӣԽء
˵ʲôӣֻҪܻ˿˳Щ˿˳ϣһˮʯġӣƺԽԽΡ
Է°˺ȥΪҪ
Ϊʧĺӣܶƶ˼ҡǵĵǸ¼ӵġ
򡭡ӣȥѰҿԹѺӵĵطҲһֱûϢ
ŵ߷Ҳƿֻ֪ڶʧӵĵطǰ춼İˡ˼ûдڸУܱʵżȻЩ˺Ӷûзİ˵ĵط˵Щصʮָʼûע
ǣ
һרŹӵŻ
ԭֻ֪ƺзӷųһ㣬ü˽Ի˯ȥ
ƫƫԺӵòͬ
ƺúӰЩ˵¡ԼţǾƹģԼ߳ȥ
㣬ӣǳֻɵ̬ȡΪϾֻһƹϻ˸˵Բᷢ£ӣֻǾû塣
Ȼ˾Ի˯
Լ߳Ǳǿ°ߣƺҲûʲô
ӣ뵽ΨһԭǶԷƺһЩŵĴţסȥ񾩳ȷʵڷзڵĴԣ˵һǹΪ
ЩʧٵĺӣǱӵϸʴ۵ͯͯŮȥˡ
ΪԣӣƶϳԷӺӼıʲô
ЩӵĴ׶༪١һҵӵĲ֮ӶһΣա
ԣưüޡ
лƵĵһʯӣֻһƬССлƱʴߺӣܿ˼ٴתϣڿıǾǶӵıʾͼ˷ֿ˵ĵط
էһȦСȦһƬںڵģǿ˵
꿴һӣӣ֧°ͣ۾գҲգĿƽ̵ͼ˫Ư۾ۣһˣҲۻ
߽ӣ˼ѡ
ӣ͵ıѡŵˣʲô߽ûв
ӣҡҡͷղ˻񡣡ǲûע⵽Բ춼ûнչ
ɵͲ˿ˣҲûʲôչŽ졭£һʱ䶼ٷһ׮°ˡ졭Ѿ㹻ְкӶɱˡ
ȻԸ롣
ǷĻȴһӣ﷢
һʧٵĺӣѾˡ
ԷúЩʲô´뺢ӶѾˣӣԸȥĶ
ڣⰸһơܷܺƽȳǶǵĸĸһû㡭ⰸջΪʮ󣬴һꡣ
Ƿ뾡취ơ
̲ʼʡ
Ҳû緢ҪѰˣն֮
ⰸӵһѾû˻ȥˡΪһºȴδư´޷ȫˡ
ӣݲͬ
ֻΪԸЩ˺ӵĸĸϴ棬޷ưҲ̫һ
ټݣɱȫԷŻͬӣ档
ڲܱȫǰ£ԸžǼӣҲӣա˽˽ģ˽ıӣȻ
ǰ겢жǰʲôСΪءˣҲԽӣΪִҪʦգҺͻҪţ죬죬Ҳڵʱһǲ
Ҫƹһţ
ȥѡ˶Ƕ֮ţܵĻ˵ˡ


499 ʶ

İپʮ²ʶ
ӣͷ׷˼ҪʼԼˡ
ȻƹƳˣŸȻ˵áֻǼȻܺƹѣӶȻһ㡣Уļϡ
ƹȻЩڲͬΪ˺ˬӦҲӺˬ֮Ȱ˲ӲģҪǿĲŸɣǾǸľܣҪͩγˡ
ҵ֪ӣȰȻҲоݡãһ뷨Լһͩķֻһֻӡ
ͻȻͻģʽӣʾеΥ氡
Ҫˣӣ˼뱯ӣ̸
ȻȻӦʡ
Ҫӣ̸Ҫм۶Խ˼֮ࡣ
ڶһӣʱͳţֵЩһԸ㲻ؽӣ˯˸Ȼѡһ߷ӣϴһ߽ĵһˣҲ֪ʲôԭŴˡ
ӣһˣ
ͷɲ𣿷ĵȻλӣȴȻŴ˸ƽ֣˴ߺȷ׼ƲˣǰԺȾơ
ӣŷ
Σǲʶ
幺ͼֿأû
ǵûһֿ·ĵ¶ʤСʤ˴ͽȥȾˣֿСӴʱԲء

ȻԺʱƽˣӣҲųȥˡ
ߵʱʲôˣЩԾǾӣ⻰ת̫˰ɡ
ū澸߹ڵ⼸죬ٳšӲ鵽ʱźܿкϢģùٰꡣ
ӣЦŸ̡ͻտڰοˡ
ӿû֣ūӣ˼ΪӣڱԹæӻͳһԿס
ӷԸū澣ٰⶫġū澿ˡūⶫҪЩ˹
ӣɻĽӹ
ϸѻͭԿף˩һϡ
ǣҡͷ
ūҲ֪ǹū󽻸ġ
ղӣһֹ뵽ⶫһȾóˡʶѹӽˡ
ɥһǹӻūԼ䡣ūҲһʱ鼱
ӣڰ֣ȻѶΡ
ûɻһһء֪ˣ͵ǵŸҵġɫ˲ת磬Ҳ֪ٱ˭ѧġ
ŲæԹӣžɾڿ˰Ρ
ɶŸ£ԺȥԶԶģ˷ĵզզҪŰݰӡ
÷׼㰸
һԼֿѹڻΪѣ˺ŷZܲҪӰݰӡ
ţǽǲ顭ȡٰݡ
ZһִһԵӡȻͷֱֱӡ
һţûʲôģվһԣŷZƷ衣ϸ֮£ɫ׵Ĳˡ
ӣǰš
Ųͷǹ˹ÿˡ
Ҳ㡣֪ԿġƽǻҲͺŪŪ㡣
ZӣȻ֪Ƿ˵ʤŵ˲ࡣĵ³Żģɲ֡пԡ
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Ҳûʲôĵ°ӽչΡ˵Ҫĵ±㲻ˣŶ֡ҲǲʶĵȻ³çЩǸ溺ӣֵһ
ǣĵӹֱǸ಻ɳӵġ˵нչˣǲ˵ĵطüĿ
ŵͷ
ǡֵ̽ԶԶĿšҹȥҹ̽һձнˡ
ֲʲô£´ĵʣҲ޷Ϊ´һԲֵȴҡҡͷ濤£¡̽Ϣ߿ҵıݣڿҪ˭޹ˡ
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ǰȻżҲͷż䣬˻࿴ᡣ
Ŵδֵô
££ʲôͬҪ޽ҵġţҺµĹϵ£ˡһֻһΪԺ³ףҲֻµĹү
ӣȷһʲô
´ţɫ԰⣬ſûʲô쳣
죬ţ˻˰顣ʱŻûж쳣
һ죬˵˼ʱӣ۾ǲǼ£


500 ܾ

ܾ
Ż˵ͷƺԸ˵
ӣʾ÷Zλĵ³һ󣬵ǰԹԱˡֿ˿ӣɫѹҲȥ
ʾŮС˺
ԺֻӣŶӡ
ͷֿѡûʶ֮ǰͷʶˣ˵ĹϵȻཻãΪǸ֮߰ˣе㻥ͣϧʱ껯
Ҳԭ򣬺˹ϵԽϡƽ֡
ɲΣ¹£Я֡
ܲԸߣΪİȫҲδ˵뿪Ļ
ҲǣΣʼһһ⻤ţһһֿѣӣϣ˽
ǰ˹ϵ⣬ͻȻƺ˿
ӣ뵽Ψһԭ˱һй
Ҳ˵ˡҺҵӣҹӣǰǵӣӡѲͬնˡҲΪԼӣһ·ˡ֣ӣһ·ˡߵǼõģ˿ˡ
Ȼ࣬ȴ׵ĺܡ
ӣİѣ˵ġ
ִ֪ܲ磬ľԼܺͿƽƽ
ǲЦ
ĻŻսȭûҰģ뿪ң˼ġ丧ʶ˷ӣҲйģӣʶʱ䲢ȷ죬ʼգӣƺֻз꣬š
ͨˡ
ϲһֻҪػ
ֻҪĿģˡ
ػҲ
Ų˵ӣüвˣһ·ģҲͶġ
Щ˲ѻŲͬŲѣˡѵʱһ·֣ͲõʱӲĵıӡ
ϣҸͬϣҸ
ţ֮䲻衣Ȼһ˸ףҵˣԶҵֳ
ӣס㿤ֻǲϣ˾⡣ֻߵİȫ˽һ㰢ӣ
磬ܸңµ׺˵ʲô𣿡
Ҳû˵ʲôֻ˵ͲСˣÿȢ֮ˡ
ӣͻȻΪͻȻˡ𣿡
ӣͷģһΡǸֱͦʵĹţһӣܲԶһ˵ġҪҸԼϲģҲϲԼˡ
¹ǸùȻΪƢݣҲ衣ӴżԺҵġҾ÷˵ЩƸҲ
Ҽ¹㣬աǵͷӦһ
ŽյȭͷɿЦˣЦЩԳЩȻ
Լеɵ·ȻֱӺͷ˵ĺӣߵĽ֪顣
ôӣ֪˼ء
ӣ֪ݷ㰲ŵġˡһأôͻȻ¡ԭһ⡣Ҵ㣬ǰӣҵݣ¹ʵ̫ԶⱲֻߵԺʹЩҸطüĶأȻ󵱸԰̡ʱһɼҡ
Ǿܾˡ
ˡ˼ǲܣһת¹
ұҲֻǴӦ̽һ̽Ŀڷ磬㼴ˡǱߣȥ˵
ˣԼȥл¹ĺ񰮣˵޸ܡ
סΪ¼Ǻշˣ磬̫Сˡ
ӣЦŴȤҲЦЦҲԼʱͦ顣Ҳһ⣬˵ȻʺȴѵõֱʣЩνǧСҪǿЩҷϲ˵ǹǸ۵ġϲϲһӡ
Ȣ˷ģһԾΪ
ȢһһһĹ
ŵʱֻ̣ΪӣŪߡΪ˲ϧԼá
ԲŻǷⱲӲշİµĻ
ȴԭӣ÷Ǹùλ¹ļ룬Ҹλ¹Ǹùɡ
ֻ£ûýһŮ߽ԼĴ㡣
̫СˡҵĴһġ
Ҳ˽ĵġ˭Ҳָ˭ţҪߵ·Ѿ²ˡľҪһ𣿡


501 

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ǲһߵ·˵⡭
ȻἫȫԼˣ£˭һԾŶءӣûźú˵ղײգԽͰѻ˵
֮ԻؾΪʱˡŻؾҲһ֮ʱ治ôÿ
ӣ˵Ȼתʲôˡӣһڣ֪ʲô˼ˡ
¶˵ʵؿǡ
׷ӣ׷档Բӣʲô߲嵶ӣȥ
ӣϣɹȻһ֮
Ȼʱ÷ͦᣬɷϣǸвŸɵġȻλ䵽˭УŲݰ˻λӺıµİˡ
ڴ壬žԼӦһ֮
ס
ȻףԺǺͷ߶ɱȸг·֪㲻ںЩ˻ҪЩ˼¡ĲŸɣضµұۣһ»
ҶˡӣҲˡ
Ųɵô᲻
ȻһðգǳɹȻŽҵǰˣӣǷ궼ἰȫ
ӣϼˡ
ٹִǾǿʯˡ
ⰸӰ꣬߶ɡ
ŵͷӣû˵С󡣱ССģȴб۵ġ治֪ѧġƽˣԼҲ˸룬ڲšüͷ˼ӣȤˡ
ҲϱӾͻء
㰡˵бֺۣϱӡϱӣһǷ㣬Ⱳծġ
һ·飬Ŀİģ֪СֻѣֳҲ֮¡
ֻǾ˵Ļе
ͬĻɷ˵÷ģӣ˵ࡣ
Ⱳӱ໹ЩǷģ±ȥծ
һΪǺ˵ģƺͦ棬ӣҡҡͷջǻ˾һΪ
һӻܳʱһܹû׼üįˡÿ˶ԼԵ֣ҲŵԵֻδɡ
ܹǷ
±ӣһ᳥ġ
ѻ˵ˣӣͷڱˡֿѹӷ·ŵ
ѵƬ̿УѹȥԿ⣬ֿȻͣǿпޣҵͷ͸š
˫۾뿴ӣ
ӣհܱðɺðɣҷԸȥ׼
䡭
䡭
ѹӺͼֿҲ¶ǳЦΧŸտʼ⣬˷ĵ¡
ѾƵҲ죬ˣԶ¶Ӷˡ
ۼֵΧ¯⣬˵˽ֱ꣬¿񡭡ѹӺͼֿһȻʾ˿ʼųԿ⡣
ż룬õѸټиӣ
ˢˢ֣ͣתͷ
ӣƵĽͽСͷ˾˼ζˣ벶ȸں󡣡ֱ֣Ǹ첲աԭ·ĵĲǷѡ첲÷
˼Ѿˡ
ĵ⻰˵ĲˣǼѵչһ¹𣿡
üʡ
˵ĺҲûǾøȻȭ˭Ӯ˭ȳԡ
ѹ飬˸͡
ʼȭȻӣĿŰѿõһΪһһнԼС
ȳΪ졣
˲ȭź֪ķѹûμӡ˹֣ȫλʮ٣Ե̣ȫӣġȼáǿӡ
ֵĳ꿾⣬Ƽݡ
ȥ˻Ȳ裬˳һ°顣
û鵽Ϣʵ档
Zɫ˱䣬û뵽ôתѹӺͼֿҪˡϾӣߣʲô״û
˻֪飬Ȼһһư鶼ˡ
ʧӰѾˡ
һȥЩ֣Ϻһж
Ҳãֲ࣬ĵض°빦ֻмǣҹ̽Ȳֻ̫֣ѡ˹ǿġһСԷҹζ࣬Ƿֺټҹ¡
ȾȻغӣץס
Һһ𡭡һߡ
һͷټϼִ幡ıһС
˵ͷƻΡ
Zһ뿪Ҫȥĵطڳ⡣óǰСĳǡ
ӣϸԸ˼ֿѹӽ¡Ȼӻ֣ʾȥ׼
ʧӰܷƣ㿴ˡ


502 


е㼬֡
Z֪ŵ£Ҫӣʱ˵һɷͷʵڲý
ZȻģɷȴǸϸġ
·Zͷһ˵ƹӳ֮Ҳסˡ
Եʱӣϣ¡
ZûлɣŻ֪һЩ뿪ʱĿɫ
ֿѹƽֵģضʲô¡
Ҳûֻ࣬ǽꡯضҪˡ
ȻЩ鷳ӣӦ֮ġµֶһĸ֣ĴѣҲȫ˵ı¡
ȻӣϣƬ̹һ㵽ˡ
˴˽ʱÿӣԺҲϴЦЩʹѾͷ֪һϸΪǸ¡ǽȴһɫ͸ŹȻƽյαװ˲ˡ
˵ӷ˲£
ֿǸģղһ˵ˡ
һ򶨣ȴˡ˲֪ӲڣµȻ֪
棬ֻ˵ʵˣԱл͡
Ĵ£Ӳ¶桭ǹӲڣƫƫӣְѴ˵˳ȥǺãһֱӣӦзӦԣ뵽λϾʮꡣʮĹʲôӣǶںլĸ׺ųţÿֻ֪ԺءӣȴѾôࡣ
ԼҪһзӡ
ֻҪ뵽ʱҪˣһû
֪ˡ˭˵ģֿ幣
Ҳֻûŵģ˻֪أҲֻ߷һˡ
µʱüֿѹ£ı˼Ϸٲ÷һ֡
ֿ˵Ҫȥˡ
ֿȻ֪겻ڣ˵⻰ʱһĵ֮ɫˣ֮ˣȻϲɫ
һȻҪ԰һ
ĵڣ̽Ϣ䣬սپΪáǷ겻룬ʵ˻ɡֻ갲һͷĲ¡һ³棬ЩһˡһǷȷ棬зһڱܵı÷ʩǷꡣ
಻ҵֻǹ׸վǲװɣ뿪ǰԸ£ҪùԽһأϵµѡðһΣŵҲġΣ
ӣ롣
ջҡͷ
飬ܾúҪ»ʲô鷢Ҳ̫ġʵһҲûףЩ׸ŷĻϰߵִУδá
ֻӣϾǸ
ɣҲԶһʲô£Ҳܾͽá
еķˣһͷҲã¸ڹ߱һʲô£»ȻŹ˻
ú󣬷һȥˡõǰǱѰӲڣֻӣһˣǵһָӡ
ʱ䣬լӶĵģ˿ʲô
ҹԺʱ
һпƽĺܡӣɲȥƫų
ɫ멣ͷҡ
ջӵм䡣Ц֮ɫǰӣֿѹѾˡ´˽ȥסһʲô֣̻
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һ䶣С¡
ͷתͷȥ
ӣڵĵطǸС¡
ǴɵլӣԼҡ˵ǰ˳˲ˡ˼ұլӣټǨ˱𴦡լ⼸һֱţլӲʱ˳룬Щİǰȥ鿴ֻŽգ͸ŷһɻҰܡ
յĺۼ绯Ѿһ㰵ɫ
û˼ǵҹżῴԺй
ֹĴŲߡ
ֿ֮ԻլӣǷլӵƫƺ˳ĺۼ
ȻԷСģ⻹¶ЩšοֹĴң˵żԺҲԺпСӡ
˼լͻȻĪӵĿ
һǸˣֹլӡ·֮ȻŵòᣬȥͼӴ״ȥլԽ˼ˣ춼û˸̤լӷԲһﷶΧ
ӣֱǾѲ֮ء
ݣֱֹǲĲ֮ѡ
طӣǷ˳
Ϊ²šҲΪټױᱻԷ֣ӣԸС¡
ƽĻǾӢ
һרṦõļǰȥ̽·


503 


ȴĹԵüѰӣϣǷһͷ
ͷҹ̽˿լ
ֿΧֻլﴫźţȥˡ
լȻɱϾԷѡ֮أΪβѡ⣿µĵȥǴطɸЩͲˣֹţṳ̂ĵط֮ѡżֳЩҲ˵ɹֹĴ˵ǾͻԶԶĶ㿪¡
ھ°ôຢӣڳʵ̫ˡ
Щͽϲڸ˿ϡЩ˾ϲϸӣǾô̼Լڲ۵Ƥӵӳ죬֪жء
ӣС˵š
Χƽб¶ݵķա
ڼֿѹӣӣԽ֮ڣԱ·Ϊȥ
Ȼ룬ԹԴլӲԶ
ӣӳʱƽȾ˼ɫʱ̫ˣǽȥ̽·Ǽ˵֣һĹҲнˡǵ˴СʱˡһԷһ˳ʱżͷӶʱҲƺܵӣ飬Ҳ¶֮ɫ
ʱ̫ˡ
ǲܼˡһȥֿ֪ͨլܣ˽լӣСĶԷг֡
ͷĲͬʱ£լӿǬӣַԸͷʾ⻤ߡ
˽ˡ
ղŽլӵֻˣṦõġʮµĴլܡͷƽȻֺģһĬ˵Ĳ˲ͬʱ¡һլʲôסǡ
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ʱʮԺȺħ衣
ƺڴܣϸ֮£ܿԷϡ
ǰһ̷ͷĻУһǰͻ䣬ͻȻֱ档
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ĶѸ٣һתֱྵ˶Էĵϣ˲ĽֻһǰӰһԷ˲ڰУٴʧȥټ
ϵٴ
լʱûʲôǼѸ
ں԰ɽзһܵ
ǽȥ鿴ǰͻȻһת㷢Լλô䡣
ܻҸжϳ˾ڸ۾Ҳ
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ߣȴ죬˳ɶӵģֻзͷġҲȵ֧ŵĻá
һֳ档
仯ʵ̫ˡ
׼ûйҲû˿µķջҲЩмܲסˡ
˹ˡô£ĵЩһͻȻܳĺֱһѪ⣬һ߻ػһ߳˿·򵥸ԼֹѪ
Ȼźôػءæн͡
ӵȻ֪ӵĽܿУǣģʲôǰȥġҶҪԼǲʧķˡ
첻µز£˷ӣûµˡ
ͻȻ֮ݽľأͻȻ쿴ԼҵµҲǿϰٱٲ¹ӵˡֱȹֻˡ
Էɱǡ
Ҳ벻
ôһǰһڣƺصԭء
ȻҲ˶ԷǶԷ֪ж֡ǶԷսûڶԷĵ£Ҳ
ҵ˵һЩһιӺƹ˵ƹӵᵽ󷨶֡˵ǣ˲֪УԲҾǶˡ
֮£Щ
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ҡͷ֪ƹ˵ʮϻ󷨵ָƷֻв֮˲Ż֪
¶ѵҪ
ᡣأһ뷨Ӿǳȥŷеġ
ôȣղŻ˵ֻв֮󡣡
ҲͦӣģϾֻǸСﰡĶҪôӦԣϰûӣӣһ޸֮СҪôӦ


504 


ӣʱ䳤ӣױȵš
϶зӡҲҲ뵽ˣʱ뷨ץ֮ءֻҪһᣬһܳȥ
ĵͷĵʱŬԼﻹʲôķӡ˱ˣҹֹ̽ׯӣȻ˵е󷨡
ѹֹĴţ˭ΪԼǽء
ϰ䣬ѧ޻֮
룬ﰡɵÿ㡭ֻǺãȫӰ죬Ҳ֪ôõġôʵ̫Կˡ
ͬʱ
ֿͻϢ˵ѾΧԺӡ
ԺдйߵԽǽͷ鿴ȴ֮ˡ
ӣΣǿдȥٵȵȷһС
һüͷţ˵˵ƺδ֪ı죬⵹˵ӣԤ֪δӣڼ飬ܲ¶ȳ
Ϊ㹻ܴڷ˿ƶϳ¡
˵ԤУ̫˳
Ȼˡ
ͷĵıڻģǷṦͽ򶼲լﲻܳһֱͱѡ
̫ˡֿ˵򶷵ȴ򶷵ˡ»δ˵ôֵ飿
ӣ÷һԽִ»̱
˵Щ棬ӣﵹ̹Ȼĺܣһôᡣ
Ǿ¥˵Լ˴ţԼ߳ķˣΪԼ?
һʺţһʱûӣҪ˼
Լ߳£ģǶԷʲ󣿡
ֻһҧԼۿµĶǴԡ˼ǣûкԼ߳£ǶԷⰲŵģҪôţôαװɺӣһ۱ᱻġ
ʱլﲻ𣿡
һһֱԼͦġ
Լҹô꣬ȻżҲӲãɶʱ湫ӷǵġ
Ǵʱ˿̣ɵҪǲЩ꣬Ӵ̫ˡ
ҪȻôźһΣ;ԼӲã
д֮ȴˡһֻй۵Ķǰ۾Ƕȴǻ۾ܿˡ۾ܿˡ»ȥǸҲ´̽һ˵Լ˹Щˣǲǵʱֻ۾ܿܶ˵ҲǲŻԼ˹
ܽ͵ͨԼһ
ҲͲ˷Ǵʱھʲô
ôǽΧ
ܶԷʲôֶΣֻҪҵʼٸߡ
һˡ¶ҲãҲգֻҪҵĻ֣Χ
ʹ˽լӡ
һļֿѹӡǶ˿Щ̫ο÷ӣԼȥĻ֡
ӣһȥ
ҲҪһȥ̫Σˡ
ֲȥܵģʲôΣյġԷȻֶΣֲ࣬෴˶ڡʱ÷߱ǡʱĬվӣߡ
һõô
壺Ȼ𣡡
⻰һһٳɡӣõĵ˷ֶϮ֮һжһֱӣǴ´ġ
ҲãǾˡ
ӣʵж߷һԼŮкܡ
Ȼټ¶ûҪҴˡ
·ת˲ֿѹҲӰ̽β鿴
Ϊ׵ǷһһǷһ磬ˡѹӸ˵ĵ
жʵ̫ˡͷĶǸ֣˴żֵܽȥ̽Ϣȴȥ޻ءԺб㴫ǲóȻ룬˵˵ȦסɵʱԽͷԽΣա˴żʮڽĵһָʾ
һ㵽ˡ
ֿӭǰһķ밲
ǡ
˹ˣʲôʱˮˣͷôֻһļ򡭡ȻǸźɫ멣Ŷņ̃ͷ
ֿʱӣҪЩ
ôˣأ
мӣֿͷĵǸŮ˾ǻ¡ΪµĸûʲôϺȵһ
ж
ԻＱˣȻֻܸԼ
ŲòӣֳֿܿԹԵı˸鷢ʼĩ
ﰵ޻£ӣҲûﲻáڼֿӣͷ˴±Щ
飬ӣķӦȷ


505 ǽ

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Ҳûʲôһʲô飬ϸӣǡǽôֱӴȥ
ӣ̧ͷլӡ
ܺĵģϸţƺһζӣҲ˵ʲôζеƺЩ
ҹ粻ζ
ӣϡǻȥߡ˵굱ѡһԺǽȥ
Ȼ⣬ԹԸӣתơ
﷢ʲôζЩԣһӦѬһĶǡԼ߳šˡһϸᣬƺЩζ»̣լֹĴţЩֵֹζƺ֮УҶûлɣοζĺܵϸŸ
ѵǱ
ӣƵϷڣû޵ζˡ
ղԼȴȫˡӣ벻ܶԷʲôֶΣֻҪƣ㲻С
ԺӣűǷǽˡ
ӣ̧ͷΧǽ׸ߡڷһ˵ƽء
ֻҪһ£һܴǽͷ
жԷǱôȥģС
ӣ벻ͨԷʲôֶΣ㣿󷨣Ȼûɲִ󷨵١
˳еġ
ֵͬġ
УԸڻþġ
궼ܴԽЩϡŹֵĶƺҲôԽˡ
½ȥ̽һ̽һʵ
˵ҪǽǲߡǵڶˣȥҲûϢӣЩڣ̫ļˣӦö࿼ǿǣӦüҴ÷ˡ
ʲô˼ֹǷһֿһ˶¶ɻ֮ɫѵҪӴŽ
˼ǣ
ǽƵǽӦլӵĺ԰
ԼԲԵľլȻ֮һ棬ЩЩȴסӣжϲǲ֪㻹ǻþĶôЧġֻ˸ӡ
ȻԺӾͻС
԰ԺӴ򴩡
ǽƵԺԺͨζֶȻͲռϷˡ
һܿ׹ĵⷨӵҲйоء³çˣǱضǷǽģȴٷǽ룬صޡ
ղŹΧζƺЩסóȻȥûȳԼУǿǶƽ档
Ҵǽǽˣ˵ˡ
һкǰ
ǻṦˣǽ˵ʵڲʲô¡
һ뷢ȥǽѾѺۡ¡һǽȻء
УһۼĿеӰһš˲ǺӰ׷ȥ
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˵ͷҲȥɢȥӣ˽ԺӡȻ²ǰ㣬լӵĺ԰
ǰŸָĻûд伣ֻЩľצšӣϸ˷򣬴԰ȥ
ֵطܲ˵ĵطҲô
ҵɽǴʯżѴ֮
ʱһҲˣгһСӵˡӦģʱڽѾ¶һƽƽץһˡ
һ˵ţ˺ݺƵӣǰ
̧ͷ㿴ӣ
ŻѣӣСԵЩ԰ףӹǱϾ㿵ôһ·ѾЩˡ
ѹû뵽ԷͷľȻǸ¶֮ɫС˶·ˡһչģӣһиСС¶⣬֪ĶҩȡḺ́ضǸõĻ䡣
ضȻǸʿǱ㲻طʻˣѺ·ȥӣϡ
ʱǻûַ˵ټʱϵԽãԷԽ
Ҫ·ɫ˲䡣
ץ֮ʱĲҧ˶ҩ˲䵽ɶҩǿȡȥ󣬱ûǹɺ⡣
֮ɥʧˣȻӣҲ˲ɫϱԽˡܵлأҲȴ
һͷһѾǸѾ̱ˣҪܵ
ƴȫɤӼҹԵ
УУֻܴܵ򿪣Ǵ򿪣ᴥأʮ
·
ܽĲܽ˭˭
·ȻȻзӽȥӣ˵
£СɫģˣȴͻȻ˸ս


506 Ѱܵ

Ѱܵ
Ҳǿδץ֮ǰҲģһץʱԾȫġ
ͷȴˡ
լӣźܾˣլưܣѸͷ档
רԺﲼ󷨡ʲôˣֻҪǿдŽǴǽͷܽضС
δ
ҹҲˣǰˡֶջǱԺס
ǰЩȴСǣǾȻƵһƬǽ
һ󷨱ƻԷö֮˽ҲѴ֮ҵڡ
˶Լ̫ţûܴڱô̴̵İڼɽͷʱ˱ǿѺţԷͲϢǲܲ˵ıҪȥ
ǸղŶˡ
ǴʱȥǿдأֻѾŵȫˡ
ֻǲ˽󷨾Ͳ˳ȥˡ
һڽסһһ㽫ɱ̶ȿ֪ԸҲĶ
һҲûǿȥҰ͸żֻҰܡӣƬڷԸһţƽȥ
һͷĺ缺Ȼ޴档
һţԼűһק
ۿűҪǿڶʯšŵȫڿġס֣Ҵ·
·Ҳţ˳˵˵ⴱլӡ
Ȼ˿ڣƺڷ˵ֿȻ˵ĺҲ˿ڡ
˵լﹲʮˣЩ˸𽫺ӴլȻͽңÿ죬˹Ѻӽӳȥںӵôһҧ֪
˭ͷ죬Ҳֻ˵ͷ⡣
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һյĽǡ
治֪󡣡
һеˣҲǸңұץġ˷ӡԣЩ˫һʹȥ
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껹ĺܣץġ
ڷһ˿ԾȻŵӶӣһ䡣
𣿡ӣƮƮķʡ
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ҾȻĶ󷨣
ʱƮƮһ䡮𣿡˾̲סεŲ˲һξãҲ⹫ӲܵģҲ⹫Ļ
ӣҲҪӦǴʱѾߵ˺ԺǰӦŮסġ
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һ֣ϢŻĴ̽Ͼ֮ɫһΪԷšּܽۻһԷû·˲ڰ㡣
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ΪڲǴڣûҶĶһжǼǰʱԭưܲÿγ붼ʮСģŪۼ
ΪʲôԷôѸٱҵڡ
㻹ʵйѵҼҹһһ㣿
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507 ץ

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508 δ

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510 ٵ

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519 ƴ˵

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ȻˣȥɣӼȻעҲˣԱɱ۴ıɸɱɱùбСƴˣ󰸴˾ÿɻף


523 չ

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նҲ֪ǲƳԭƴһȤֵĶʮַܡһֱӣƳۣѶѾͷƵİǸ¼ѾͷߵλӸ翴Ӻݻ²ⲻӦñǺͳߵĽķ·ꡣ
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գЩһˣҲ޷ͷˡȷҪӣһֱĬţ鵽һѾܾˡ
ɾ˵ģЩһˣҲԻͷˡ
ЩˣԷ˵Ȼҳӣ˵ö֮ɶ̸˵Щˡӣɸ֮ʡ档
ӣĿءǻȨϣҳӣԵ֮겻
лﵣģסǺ֣ˣһ壬Ҫ׸ˣﻹЩԱȫʱģŻĺڡ£Ըƽҡ
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л¡̸ظͷл겻ɱ̸֮


529 ת

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ֵܶΪԷ㣬뱣ȫԷ
ܶԴֵ֮ĸӣڼͥ붼ֻһӣᵽԸԼҲҪȫ˵ĸо
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ƳǱ߻ûϢӣЩ鸡ꡣ
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˵ɵȵζ̫ˣӦò˷һȥǣô˷⻰ζôһѾء
صģƻ廹Ǻֵεġ
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ƳҪб£ƾĳλС۵ĸ;ĵĳƳˡ
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иһһԷԤϡһ̸ͱ֪ĶϸһĹʲô£ضǵˣȻǰ㲻ʧܣֻĵȴǡ
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غͷΪõܰȵĵ̫ӣм̴ͳˡ
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ʺͷϵλ֮ˣĸǰ¹ˡͷղ֮
ΪðѶӷַȥ߻ʵԶģల¡
ֻһھǣм̴ͳ
˵ӻвʣڣտܻ췴ɱϾʦɹĻʲҲ̫ոۼء
ܽĸλ༸ĸԸĳ
ΪֻǼŮһ֣±㲻֮ˡͦΪŮһᣬõ˵ͱ䣬ͨҲʲô
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ĵϻʵۣˡ
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ֱضвͬЩ׸ƵСˣЩΪԼᵳ֮Щҵ棬ضҴĵڡ
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ӸûõٸʡҲֻǸνˡ͸֮˵ӣ˵ǾǡЩӲʲôõġ
껹˵˼Ƴ۵ķṦΰӣ۾գգ۾ǰ÷͹еˣ֪ˣ졣
ƴӡҲѵˡ
ûԼдеϵۣ˸λƴˣ˵ҲǼˡ
ǷϲѪͳ?ôƴ⣿
һշ˸Ѫͳ˵ֻһˡ
˵ĿһӣͻȻʶƳеĲΣุѵꡣҪƳˡȻ˷飬ƾԼı䡣
䣬̲ƴˣĸΨΨŵŵ
˸Ƴۣλȵӣĸͷһȵ۷緶
ǸۣƳҲһһšҪһˣһ˾ηҰˡ
ˡһģֻҪҪģҶ㡣
ʱ˵ʲô滰ƺ飬Ψж˵һʵĻ
ɵֻܺúߣҲܺʱתܿ㡣
²ֻҪ飬Ҳ塣áӣͷӦӦⱲֻҪתһڡ
££ˣƴ˻ˡ


530 ׯ

ʮׯ
ֵʮּʱֹԡ
ôȥָ˻᲻Щʱ֮أ£ƴѾ¹ׯ˽˵ܵ
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Ƭ̺Ŷ룬ˣӣٴ˿ִ磬ô㣿ƴǱ߿ɻ˳
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һϲɫ˵󲿷ֶڣƴѾˡ˰ѺͻؾǺ͸ĸžˡ
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ˣܾˡںӡӦǳˡ
ӣĸһ˵˼ǣӶȲؼĲӣ˵ȻһʱĸаοʵվʵƭԼˡ
ƻһĵͱǡӣܶ飬Ŭˣɲһᾡ⡣꿴ӣɫãοһ䡣ڷ¿ܾȻһ뺢ӣѾˡ
Ϊ²߻áֶʮָ
ӣײ󷨣ǶʧӰһĪչء
ȷʵб£ֻӣҲù˼ˡǻ嶼ӹһ١ׯǿ϶ģԷʧҲǱȻġΣǺõı㹻ˡҲڸýˡ
ͷ˶һۣڶԷпַ
ʱˣںլڳӣüѾͷʰɾĹЪϢ
ӣЪʱѹʱ
һ·۳Ͷ٣ȻǹׯǱߣӣǺܿ˯ȥ֪Ƿ˯ź֧ӣΣ󴽽ǹŵЦ⣬ȥ
ѾǺҹˡ
ׯɵƻͨƳ۸ԺУϵǰδеѿ
վߣҲһ顣û뵽ԷȻ翹ƳⱲδ̣սϻǹٳϣ
ԲһĿ˵Ƣԡ
ʱĥûܽǴĥԲ󣬷ԽףֻҪԼ㹻ǿһеѶѡ
ʲô±˿ޱȵģҲѡ
ֻҪŬϳԿ࣬ûʲôƳ۰첻õġǽԺдʱʬ塣ٰԼ˵ģǰġ
ִֿȥȻмپߡ
󣬷Ѽơ
⣬Ͼı˼ʮꡭ˴ܣϣˡŴʱͦģƳһԺˡûƳ۳Ҳû¶֮ɫ
˵ⳡ򶷡
ŶƳ˼־η֮ġ⹫ȣЩ˵Ƶˡ屻ܺȻһѶûܳŹڶӣļšӣûж֣Թˡ
Ҳ⹫ӣӣЩҲȷʵмܡ
˵ʵ֣ģƢҲõĺܡǸƢģͷСӿɷŲһ顣ǰֶʮ˵ãһҲСһԺʬӣҲǿˡ
ǺӣǺڰΪʮǸºйصˡԺˣơԶˣ顣ֻϲĹŻ°䱦ɡ
˽ĺܡôģ
۾þǰôһĻԼ飬ǡӣĻ˵Ĳᡣ־ýգƺֻһ߼䡣
ĻȻ˼¶Ըûģ
㲻룿
롭ȻġЩڸӡֻվ¡ʵҲܺãϲ£һˡҿԼҲǿĵģ㹻ˡ
Ƴƺû˭˵ġۣҳΪɡǾüͷ
ϲһŮˣӦ뾡취ռΪôͶ˻жˣĪǡ˵ɡ
ɫˡ
ǡֻǲ뿴ޡ


531 ƺ

ʮһƺ
޷⡣ϲһŮˣϲ˭ҶҪԼҪģҶܸƾʲôñƳ߰Եİۡ
˻ʮ꣬ûϲŮˣⱲӣˡ
ŵķҲǺֱܴģȻƳɫ˲һ
ӳԺʬԺиˡһսҾ޳ϲȴȡˣź
ˣź
ΰ󡣡Ƴꡣ
Ȳôˡ
Ƴۣƺˡ
Թ²̫ƺôˣҪһ˵ƳȥǣʲôѰġ
˵ɣ峤죬ǰ̸̸һ嶼ʱΣһ̸һ塣һʵУǧˣˡĽɽҲԥĶֵġ
ο̸ǣˣֹ
ҪΣ£
ˡ̫ˡѾˡҲƳһյԭ򡣡˻ǺһɡǸղŴΪüֻֿϲǣ
ǣ˭壿ǳȻסһʱһʱΪռֵȥţֻǱͳ㰡ٳϵ£㻹Ƿȱ˼֡Ͳ糤ǸСֿܼ˵ʲôܲ³µĽ
ʱˣ겻Լ϶ҪġҪȻΪΪվﴵ硣
ʵڸλƴ˵Ľࡣ
ֻܳĬԶԣˣׯҲһ
Ƴ۵֮˵ҲȫǻŪ˵ġ
ȻƳۻ£ԶҴһˡҹɫУɫ׵ɭɭȵĴʬѣ·ߺµĲ˶Щľʯ顣
Ȼˡ
ٲµĲɡȻû
Ӣߡ
Ȼʬûһ¼ôˡ£ȴۡƽ͵˵Ҳ˿
ƺϵһĻǱ֪һ㾢ɡЩôƺ󣿡
ӣûŴ¡ٳǰһЩһҪ쵶ն顣Ȼǣ̸һ壬ԱҲ˰ɡֻ˵ҥ˵ǰһЩνǰɲΪνġŪôһǶǵļ롣
˱аģԷɥĲ
ûӣֻý
Щڼĺӻûȫ¡ӣ˵ĻԱǾһ١
һ١
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СѾͷǸѾͷƳ̾
ҾóⷨӿУֻǵСĲҲϸѡټջ䵽λϡΪ˺ʹִޣȻУΪ˷ַһضǰ᰸
ļȻ̫ϸҲǳⷨӵԭ򡣡ԽļֻҪһӣǡ
ǰΪ췴ǰ롣
һضȻ
෽Ŀ£ʰȻţ뱻˹ͣһᾡ᰸ġҷ˽̫ءǣֻԽԽҪԲģѸٵĽ᰸
뷨·ҲԡСѾͷ˿ĺ׼
ȻĿ档ĵԼİĹֻһ⣬ôһףÿʲôҪʲô㲻áȤ𣿡
ЩĴƳۡ
ʱԼʮֵûϬôȤȤʮˣƴ˵뷨Ⱳˡ
ٴαƳۼˡ
ڰ֣ϲӬƵĽ˸ߡ
ϲһһ·ǰֻȥƺȥ
ôҪᡣҪڹ
鼴ַӡƢĵͷתȥڿˡ
תȥҼֿѹӣȰѷ²ɸһ顣
Ƴۿһһȥµˣ۵һ̾ϢСӹˡĽ
æһֱ¶ǳǳĹΣƣϲ¶һ˿Ц⡣
ʰˡ˵ׯᡣ²ҲǼˣѡʮԴؾ͸ʡ
ֿѾȥˡֻ˵йɵ˴裬ٸڹׯһҹսȫߵˡ


532 

ʮ½
ŵĺܵλˡһû˯ҿƣĺܣǼֿѹӣţһǱ
Ǳ߽Ľʿлĺ˶ǹѧһ䣬ûʲô֮ءҹսĺǳ졣ʱˣۿԼ߲º֣Էȴ飬ѹӺ۾ȥ
Ǽֿš
⼸λѹӺţ绢ɼһսҲʮּѡ
õĲ󣬿ЩƽռƶҲǴȺܣ浶ǹĴɱֳ
ήˡ
ֻܱȥţöԷû·
ϳɱеĶƳ۵İƽĻ
ټѹӣֿˡȻʤˣ˲ٻ
϶˲ʡѹ˿࣬ЩƤˣѹӻ벻⡣ߺԼƤС˲ҳݣȻԺﴩȥܶı㲹һš
Щһ
ڣһжˡ
ΧƳߣŽ¡̳Ѿˡʱ˼ʮӣ֣ʮӱϼ̳Щӣλµġ
ǰһ̻ǻ˿ʹѵ
ԼȴƴʵЩסɴʱǼʮ᷿˯ĻǣҾһжֵˡ
ЩСǣϣ
ǹҵϣںǰƺһֵõġ
ǣмʮӣԶҲܻȥǵĵˡ
Ƴ˵һ٣ʯĳССʬǣҲѣƳ벻ףЩˡЩ׷ϵˣҲиĸӣôɥ֮¡
뵽ЩССʬǣƳ۾ˡ
ЩͶģҲ÷Ź
Ͼɱ֮ˣЩУҲЩΧģǸ֪ص»иֻ̳ΪԼׯӵĻׯӣνӵǾְˡ
ƳۻܣȻϽ¶֮ɫ
СЩ˲Ƕб浶ǹһҪıλȥǣǰˣҲһú
ͷβСʲô£
ƳûгɻǳԲѷ
ǣЩûֵġ̫ˣӦһȫȥ
ȥСӸ͵Ƴ۵Ŀ˲䶨ϣѹ˲䲱һװԼûпڡ
ҡҡͷӣ⼸λĸǲʡĵģҲѵӣദǢ
йǷǡɱһ¡ϹȻ̳ͷ񲻱ǽ¸ʹ졣ֿ˵
룬˸顣üֿ˵е
ԣôɡͷǣҿӦʬ
ʬҲ̫ˣҿӦ١
Ƴ۶һۣ˶ûпڡɻǱδЩ
Ƴۺͷ궼Ԧϵģƽǿɲ޼ɵΪҹѪȽءʱôʹϼ䣬ܽƽҿӦùһӣмһزãӺӼáǴؼϡ
ȥ۵Ļܡ
С²顣
ֿСٴһţԼصֿ
ֲͷӭϷµĿ⣬һһŬһĨЦ
ڷû׷˼Ŀ⵭һɨ
ַйƬ̣Ƴ̧֡нֹ˲䰲λǶҺµĸ֮ˣҹ֮¡λҪؿƿ´ȥǣ㡣˿»ơЩĵģٺ»ᰵ׷飬زѡ
ɸģЩƽͷաλףλһ仰Ͳܶȡ
ı֮͸¶ȥ¾ٹԱڱٺУǺصġܣϣ¾ʹֹֻǺǿһܡλף
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ҲǺӡ
ϣȴͬʱһȻ˱졣⼸ȥ
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ºʹ˷ģסʵЩˡҲȫǻġҶԴλΪǿ̳Щģкܶ˸֪ʲôʵҲͦԩµף໰һ֡ºʹ˷ġ
ºʹ˷ġ


533 ʿ

ʮʿ
ܱ֮µģȻֵεġ
Щߵġнгл֣ƳҲˣ˲ĻǵģֻǾҪһԻ
һƽϿɵĶԻ
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汯ִżֲʱСֿ˿ڡΪʲôҪôúùӲ𣿡仰ƺǴʱ˵
Ǳɱˣ˸ǻһŴǰ̫ˣǲŻաⲻǣֻ֣Щ룬̰Ĳ֮
ͻȻ䣬еŮ˿ڡ
ǵ񡣡
˭ǳ룬̰Ĳ֮
СӸӣʱ䳤֪ӣЩҲôԲŸֱӿڷʡ
ӣȷʵû
ССӶӣĹ
һԱ˺ã˲Żã໥ġӣ´幣ȻȾѪȴʮּ֪ûʲô󰭣ŻصȻϸӣ⸸һЩгң⡣
ң⡣
ӣЦЦ֮ɫȻƴ˺»ᾡȫԷ׹鰸ˣ˲ܸƴ˺ȥץˡ
ǡӦ쳹
Ƴͱͱ꣬С˵Ѿͷһ¶棬˱ٺλµķͷ˲áҲû˵ʲôЩ໵ĺҪȥץˡ
ĵı£
Ȼдŵ֮ɫһҲԼͷ
ǵ⾢ôϲǸСѾͷ
ƳۿűǴӵŵӣģҲеȡ
ҲˮѹûСԺѪ治ɫû˵£ϾǸС
һ¼ôѪȵĳ棬ѱŵ
Ƴ۾÷ˡ˵˭ŵ˭ء
ȻͦģɴֲֹһСӷ·˱ûŮƵģѾͷֻҪѾͷһ¶棬ɫʱת硣
ƽʱָķ£ʱͳ˸޿ħ
Ҳ±¿Ц
ȻǲЦģοҲû˸ЦϲʱҲ֣ʱۿ٣ʱ˶ɡ֪ģҲǶˣҵӣӦԹۡ
˫۾
û˵ʲô˫۾ֻǵ㣬ͷ͵һƺԼⱲһںҲԼ⣬͵ҽݡ
ǰ죬ǻԵƺʱһҾվһԿ￴ССģȴǸǿӡ˵ôأҲҧһ˵׼ܻ
Ƴۣ
ʱƺ˵ʲôǶģƹֻҪʵпá
ʱж˵Ǹ漣
漣Ĺﲻ˹󻹳
Ǹ漣СʱҾ͵㣬ӡģƺ˭ҲϡҾ꣬Ҳϱô죿ƴʱ廰
꿴ӣڲ鿴һƣǻһܳ
ӣĿ⼸žη֮ɫˡ
ջĿصҵˣɻ廹ǹ¼ҹˡ
ಣһġ
첻ˣûô۸˵ġǰһ̻пǧôһֱӡ
̫ˣһ֪֪ȵˣҲ÷ġ
ƳֹСһʲôʱֵˡʲôҲû˵ڡҵأҳģֻһҵġɲ⡣
Сӣ˵ʲô뻰˵İĹⱲˡҲֻһˡ
ףҵˡ
ӣ˵ƣŷͻȻѲ֪꣬ضˡ
֮Գ˯ʱ뿪Ȼǲϣҹ档
ӣǵˣŶǰ
Ժǽ壬ҹսĲпᡣֿضǱؾᡣ
ͷĲ²Ӧòҹǳʤ֮סӣûʣмףڻвûڼֻƤˡƴˣ硣
ôôһˣҹüֿȥˡһ˳㲻صġ
ֲСӣƴΪ䱨ϲǵĻܻŪңʵ˵ģܷʲôҶܽܡϵĺڰ࣬ҲףʱܿҲֻƤëЩǿġڰпѪȡ
ҵС㡣´αضⰲˡ
ãлƴˡ


534 ɢ

ʮɢ
ҲˣοҲµˡҪڿ²ףһҪúóııӣͷ
ƳŷӣԺһÿȥʮɢ
˸СͷĿй˵⸸ѾӸ߻żţ˵ִ˴μġ
á׸ץˣݴͣؾһ壬丸϶Щϵķӡز⸸;зʲôߣ¶ͷȥٲҪһ˸
ղѾѹӡ
Ȼûмֿ˵˼ʵ档ʮӱôԶׯӿĵطȾѪûĵطѪȲпᡣ⼸ʮѪծҲء
ԷҪӣһ߶Ӧ
ʣΪǷ껹Ƴۣ
ɲʾûޡ
෴ģ޼Щ˵Ϊ
ѾڼƻǷƳ۶û뿪ǣԴ˻һ˸һЩһץؾǳ
ɥĲ˱޹ӵӵˡϸһٴζӣеĺ⡣
ƳһҲӣ֪ࡣ
ӣׯûͷȥ˵ĻСӵĴͣ˵Ĳ˵ʵˡСѾͷʱܲɫƳﻹͦġ
ٺƢģۿĿԺӣҲߺޡ
ղûֹáй
ӣûУɳڵĻִżƵĺݾ
룬ôߣͼ߸𢣬ĴԱͷһ׮Ͼˡİˣࡣ
Ƴſڡ
ʵҲ֪ԼΪʲôҪֻͣǸղſСĲ鿴ЩƣƺҪڰο
һԷЩֵĿһƳۣλƻ屻˰ɡ
Ҫ̫߳ˡ
Ƴᡣǫ̂Ļ벻ӣô᲻Щƴ˶ˡӣǰ˵СﷴοƳۣʵڡܿ
ҵأ㵹ҶൣЩæĵġµģغͷʽͻƴ㣿
ԼҪĶԼá
˼һ©㡣ֶǳ˲¹ͷҪ뽫ںͳСӣ͸ϵģǰŲæģСҶӡ
Ƴۺɸֵĵ
˵Ҳ֣ʼǲͬȥˮġϷ֣ɵҲ򵥡뽫˰ڲ⻰˵Ƴ
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λһλˣʹС㣬ҼҺġĻز𣿡
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ĺȴûл
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һѹſһ߸мߵס
ԹԹǸˡﻹܼǵҼҺӵ֣ﾹȻǵҼҵĺӡйǡ飬ضмġʧȥ˺Ȼʹֵġ
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ΪһˡҪĨŬšĹҲġ
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αǺһѡЩЩ˹ȥЩӡˣûܿο˵ٶοĻҲǲ԰׵ģֲʧȥӵʹࡣһλܶʹӻҪġ
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541 

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ÿʮӣȻ࣬ɶЩײ˵ҲǱȲСĲƸˡ
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δйһΣֻΪ仰Ǳ㰲οЩͬһ㣬ɶû˺ӵġ
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542 

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껹δƳǰԳ͢Ĳ۴顣Ǹ״̫ƽϵˣ˴һֺãĬĬʮ֡
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ƽʱʱڷеĹԱӻ˳Ÿ۵˼ˡǶԷƳ۰λƴ˿ɲǷˡ


543 ۹

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555 ²

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556 Ƴ۵ĵ

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557 龰

ʮ龰
ô֣ҲֲһĿ
Ȼˣ˵λʧˡʬӾǷড
ڴϿҪʦˡ
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Ҳ˵û˭ۼλ˵ΣԵղʱ˲Ż³ɣǶһʻڳţϡ
ۼǸˡ
Ȼģȴ京ŵСȻϾġôòĹﾹȻѪܵߡ
Сġ֪ԼԽˣ뵽Ĳ״ʧҲһ䡣
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Ƴۡˣ⡭»ŵ
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Ƴ漴ҲţƳۻͷƳһۣæϵĴ࣬Ҳ׷ȥ
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еľ±ض̫ÿɾѾ׼Ŀ״Ƴ۽»һ١Ѫ۵ĺɫƳ۴Ӳ֪ϾȻôѪ
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аѪաƺǽѪӵУȻһ
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ֱŮ̻Ů˺ʹ࣬ŮҲܿˡ
һǣܿ˵Щ֣Ҵҵ˼ѪĿӣɶˡСһʱжϲ򡣴˴̲ϸ顣
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۲һʱ
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ӣ˵һ
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Сû¹ʲôվȻһСһϯ˵ëȻٿݵĺɫŮ˷Ŀ·ܽԺ
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563 ˺

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½еĺСеĲͼѾҪƲסˡ
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564 ͬ

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лȦ죬Ƿ˿Ϊ͸лƤңʿӹף֪
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лֹ֧ȻҪһҵгɣлһŮ˵ʺ
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Ҫлƻֵ̿ҡͷ£ƶ֪ˡԺٲ޶˲¼ɵ¡ʧȥ£ͲСˣǹҥԲ٣˵񼲣˸Ȣͷʶ׺ЩҥȻơ
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ӷأӷʲǹеļѡ
Σºͣ˫Ưһеһۡʱл룬ԼʼϲıǷʣǲЩ
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ոĸȰִѡһԼ֮иŮ˵˼֣ϲʣۼŷװһŮˣҲҲ
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飬ͱˣжҹ硣ΪʲôϲΪϧ̫֮λвĵĹأȢ֮ŮΪ޵Ļӣûʸ̫ӵġ
ΪһŮˣ
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·ʾȻҲлƲ֪ԼˣʼȢţѵܹκ
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ʧӰȻҪƳ۴кλƴˡʮóʣܺͳһƬΨλƴˡ
ܷνύ󶼻һӻҡ֪ôƳ۴򽻵ģǰҲûƳߵĽô˼Ƶʴ
Ƴȹ׵ķꡣ
ʱΪ˱꣬Ƴۺͷʮܡ
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һֱɽ¶ˮ˺ȻҲ˼ʡ
Ļӣ˭Ҳɵֵġֻз꣬Ȼĸĸӱ㲻׽Զ̫ƽھǵľƱ޳Ī
Եʱ׵ģʵ֤Ҳȷˡ
걻ᣬǰССĲȻĴҲȻֹ
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ȻʥϽӽ
ŷȥƳûȤ͡սƳҲ⡣
ȻûгԱŸҲͱŸ޼ǿЦЦƳ۸ǡ
Сղȥ˳
뿪ǰƺһ䣬Ƴ۵΢΢һ
Ȼ˿ڡ㲻Ǻлҹﶨȥǳ
ôǣСȥ̳
̣ߣȥһѵԼݡټǵĲԳᷳĺܡ
ҥԣҲţ
ǲҥ֪֮볤ԶЩ
Ƴʮֲϲ⻨ӵλӣ·ȫǵĹﶼ


565 ֶ

ʮֶ
ǰƳǾῪڵġ
Ųȥܷ˭
ԴӣһСĿоȻһ׮󰸺Ƴ۶ӣ̬Ⱦͱˡ
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ЩˡܱܺͳüȥΪʧӰţ˵ɲ⣿
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ƴƺԼݡ
û֪Լƣշֻһ䡭Щˣǵģǵġղл˶û뵽мһ˵ƳۣȻΪһ仰ִ
Сûж˵䡯֡
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ʲôϵѵʲô˽鲻ɣǡֻΪꡣ
˵ʵͲˡҪ˵Դ˵ݣ䱾Ҳδɡɴ˵Ϊѵ˵ֻзһˣҺͷֵܣҲҵ׵Ļ塣
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ղǴ˵ĸ׵ϡ˱շ
ŪƳ۵˼ʲôַꣿҲûʲôײβģǰ˵Ҫ볯Ϊ٣Ҳû˶۲أ˵ֻҪ̫֮λģƽСķҲ쳣Ծ
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ҵֱǵףȻһλɣ
ƳЦʵɫ˼䣬˦ȥŷʵıӰƳ۵е
ʱӳȹ˳˺αغͷһʶҵһʶ̣
֪ǹģ˻»˷ģڳռˡ꽫ӣΰʧӰ䵽Zϣʦ󷴱ӣռ˱˵¸Ƴۡ
ҼҰӣĺܣֵˣǳ˵Ρ
ѾͷġʵţضһʧӰ̸嶼׿ڣǻҪ桭ѾͷҲȥ󣬿ƫƫҪһܹݣ
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ʱƣӲ֮ʱӲǸбµġ
Ƴܽᡣ
ÿ¹ӣĻƺγһƬʲôʱǸмֶεСѷԺߵ
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ǸԭеĹ
ȻϲĹȻ¶һ޶
СҲǰ⡣ô̲˳°ɡʱǵøۻɣɾǰˡ
ҺͰӣˡʣּѲߡ
νѲߣÿβиԱѲ
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ÿѲŻģˡ
ȻܼӹٽΣϵ̫ÿѲ߽ѡͷ۵¡
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˵Σպͻ棬һ˼طŰЩ֡
Ҳáֵطġֻ㲻İΣЦЦ˵ҶĻٹûˡ
Ƴ۾Լܵһı
ղžͲͷ÷ʺȥӣѰʱ̵С
ߡǸϲޣΪ֡


566 ּѲ

ʮּѲ
ˣ壬Ҵųһ£ǰ顣Ҳڵʱ򣬻ҪհӣǱߣУܲӣʲôˣ廹˲һ
סǸ˲ġ
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ӱضʲôˣϣûΣհɣʲô£ӣĵġ
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СӣղŻ˵ռءһԼˣ֪ˡ㻤ţڣ˭۸
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лл塣˵ҲƳ۷Ӧ첽ȥƳŷԶȥӰЦһ䡮Сӡ
ֵ˵ӱƳ۾ֱֱֱܿͬͦģÿһСֺһȻɵߡ
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ƳԾӱֽۣܲʧܣԼȱ˸һͷĹ°ӡ
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ܸܵĳӣ鲻ѣΪԼԶУȻӣ־ġ
Ѳʹ˶˸ԩͷ䣬Ǹۣ׵ĸҲûĵİΣ
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567 ֮

ʮ²֮
ʱӣǸǵСżˣˣӣñһ񡣡Ը
ӣ޺޵ĵһ۷ꡣ˵ʲôʲôԸǲҳ𣿡
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Ȼܴұ㣬Ҳ˷Ѱ
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ֻҪ˲Զȥۡ
˷Ļѡ۲ĲСЩǿ·ͨб·֪ԹڼҡҪǵãһҪҡ


568 ĵ

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ôҶӣֶţ˵ӣˣǸͨҲݲ˶ֶš
ӣ˵ԾһȡҾ˵ԡȻмԽУҲˡҲãͲίˡֵһȻƽƽճԣָ췭ظɡţһˣͷŸƴˣڵһ֮


575 ҹ

ʮҹ
ûеͷʵʲô
ʲô
ӣ˹ǡȻʾܿһУʲôСʧءڷ겻ڣʺʩչǷڣٲҪǵĶЩ
ֱĺûᡣȻ
һȸ״ʻ棬Ҳ档״
ӣ˵ƮƮɰѷĲᡣ״
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Ĳжܳ
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ʺҲּɡ
ӣȴҡҡͷ󡣡
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ʲôźͷɫ˼˵ӣҪԹڹ⣬ټ
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576 ҥ

ʮҥ
Ƴ۷ӦԼעصƺ̫׵
˵ʲôȻӣֶšɼжһҪԴʻɿװǿҽﲡҽԣξɼڣһҪľ
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л࿴ֱ޿ȡ֮
գȻлƲԸл໹Ĭ˸ּͻ顣
ֻΪʵʧúõĲ°˲˵չ;Ȼ䵽ZϡĵҪʲôǸȫӵĴˡ
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577 Ź

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Ϊʲô
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˵ֻǿЩ˺ӵĸĸʵڿˡųְŲʧӰ
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578 ŭ

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ʧӰ࣬鲻˿˼Сһ֣û˰ǴȥѾȥˣûǰڡ
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ȷԼܳͷΪʲôҪŪһɢӸȴ
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ԽԼڡ
жԷʵŭ
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Ҫˡ


579 ϵ

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λ˭ȥⲡɲﰡﹲҽǽֵģ٣һλҽ˿ڡ
¹˭ȥܵóһλҵÿЩǳģɲ̫áĵ
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ʯǰֻӣһ۱üͷ΢¹ǧÿǧܳšɿȴѡ˸ӳšӣЩǣһ´ǡл˶һЩ£Ҳòš
ر£¹Ѿ濤˸ԴܳţʱšԿӴ𡣡
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ʧӰλЩϵвٳ֪һЩ飬̫ƽ齥ˡ
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ǰ˵ǰǸݰӣĻϴȻûбʾѾˡۼķӣֱⷬû˿档ڸۿӣһƢ౩Ĺ෴жȣǸ֪ͦȤĹ
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580 ĵ

ٰʮĵ
Ȼ䣬۳˵ͷƺûеڶѡ
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ӣһЦƺڷˡһȴһʯҽּۿŮһסӣûˤڵء
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ȥҹȥҹ徲û˸š
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³Ҫض÷ѷ˼ӡȻҶԳ֣Ƭ̶˵ء
ʺһ˹Ȼ˳תʺ޹
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ʺһۿʯҽ泤˷ӣŮǿнҩ˽ȥ¶ĵ顣ʯҽⲡʯɫءľɼڣڸеʮµģ߹ηƫƫһ죬ܳ߶ˡ
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ǰ⺢Ӿǿĺܣ¶ܰŵܵģܻǣʮꡣССͱôһëǺá
ƣ֪˵ǣһܸжġ¹Ϳ˵ˡȷʵĴСС;ɼڣԺʹЩ˶ֻڸоˡ
ʯҽʾ䲻ʵġܹŮˣûмˡԺǼˡ÷桭
ʯҽ룬ƺҲûʲôܸʺġ
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581 Ʒﴽǹལ

ٰʮһƷﴽǹལ
ѵӣӺ򽻵һֱίߡ
ʱͷЩǼٵģڲʳ½ġ
ôһ۾ԲԲżЦ仨ҲüСĻЩţǽװ׵ĸӣûж⣬˵ֱ֣顣
ϣ̽ӣʵת
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ֻ˵Լӣ壬Բʱҽ
νĶ֣ȻûеġӣŮӶ֡
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ӣĲҲġĿá
˾÷ǵӣ׻ǰĲ˼ԲôʧӰԵܡ
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582 Ʊ

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Ƴ۵֤ʣл̾һִȥ֮С
۴ͻּ´һ³лȰʣһҪƳ۽áɷʲΪȻʮֲϲƳۣ侹ȻƳ۵˼Сл൱ʱЦƳλͶˡ
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Ҳͷ԰ĲŻƳֻһӡлƳʾãɶԷȻûл֪֮Ƴۺƽദ
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δǰƳ۲ѵȵǳˣܺͥʱ֣Ƴ۷ˡ
л϶Ƴûλ֮ģǷʲš
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583 Ľ

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ĳͼеĳֱˡһǰǰĹǰôܡô¶֡
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584 ֵ̯

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585 Ǩŭ

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586 ظ

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ӣû찲ӣǵǵǸ
ڷǱһ˳Ƿٳʲô⡭ſߵŸղڹ⣬ԶԶӣʶһˣˡ
ƺһ綼ܰߡ
ıˣǺúԼɡɼֻҪϼձãƫƫҪʡʱ˻ƺţҲ㣬ҲԸˡ˲ڣôõĲ١أӣܲܶԼ룬ԼӺ֡
Ų߶ˡɽȴҲƲסˡ
ףִ֪硣
ִ֪磿ķִģִ֪磿ӣ㲻ǺҪһѵ;ȥӣ˺Լ¡ŷڣҲͬķġ
ԸԼࡣԸۣҲܵ¶˺
ӣĬˡ
γ֪ǷΪʵ̫
¾͵õʱ׷׷ǾҺˡ
ӣԼһ򡣾㲻ܳ׽ʴӶλгӸҪگΪ̫ǲˡεҲȷʵЩ³çˡεʵڳϣҽúͷ곤þء
ףԺôðʧˡ
õŵĳŵڱ˿ڡ
ӣԺӣڵ⼸췢һһ棬˵ƴϢ˵ǻظƴ͸ţƴƺͦżҪһ档
ȥƴˡ
Щɡӡ
ڹ˼죬ѾöˡֻǺƴ˵仰ġȥ˰ɡ
æǰͷֵģֱȷӣûзȣҲһΪʲôҽӽչ˹ܱȹЩϤѾͷǿЩɵ㣬ΪôýȥٲҪȥһʺΪôС¿ڣ㰡
ӣЦ˵
ߣӣЦˣļˡ
ͻ۸ū澡
ĸ۸㣬һɰ㻤ĵˮ©ҿҲõȵˣ»͸ͷһϲ°ɡ
һڳɹöС˶˵˾ȥűСųȥˡ
ӣЦա
ҲûЦʺȻû˵ϵ¡ʺǷһȴ֪ġڽӸѾͷȻףʺǳû˵Щʲô֮⼸ӣӲΪɣһֱʺҲȥ𻰡ʺݣԽѾǸ⿪ˣȻҲڶԽ
ʺһģ˫ӣֻս˫ʤΰ롣
Ƴۼӣ´һۣȷӣûʲô󰭣ٿûʲô󰭺󣬲ɫһ
С֪ˡƳ۲̫롣ӣӣ䲻Ȳõģ֪ӣڹ⣬ϵ״
ʡĵѾͷ
ӣЦǰƴˡƳ۲ԹԵĺȲ衣


587 ǰ

ٰʮ·ǰ
˻أ
ߡ⣿Ƴڿ˿ڡ
Ȼ⣬Ƿˡƴ˲ãҲҵġӣ˵ʮֳϿңƳѹšһŷ꣬㲻¡ǲ£ǽиóʱͳ֡Ǵλᣬһźġ
ǿʶ
ҵ壬ҲǷ᲻ƴ˾𣿡
ͲǴ£һáš˶˵ɵ졣ӣɱȷˡ
ż仰ƳЩмܲסˡ
Ӧú˭ڵһʱȥˡ
ǲ֪ͨƳĵ
ӣЦƳ˲裬Ƴ۸æáɱţҺͷ޷ˡ
֪ˣ֪ƴҲ֪ϧԼĻѵãǵȷ׷̫ˡҵʱѣǲޡ׷ǲˡ岻һġ
ƳȻסֻǡѾͷ̫ˡ
Ųȥ˹š
һһʱڸۻϣڴʱ˺棬Ȩ֮£ƫ̻˷ʣǰ
Ƴ۾Ҳ˵ӣˡ
ǰӣиŵᱣӣɷ߼죬ӣֳһ׮
ɺ޵ľǷʣ˭ãȥӣ
Ǹ۸
۹ˣ첻˵ȻԼ͡СԼ塣
áӦˡӣԹˡ
ƳźЩеĲյɫҲ˼֡ҽȴ˵׮µġĲ²⡭ȥ飬ѾнˡÿϽÿнд塣ֻǴֲ飬ȥ㶪Ů޹ǧ
һЩѾ˽ʧˮ侮ġסӱ߱ǵȥġ
գĹŰˡ˵ģЩŮ޷ɢȫעĿһһ궪Ůʵڲʲô¡ǿȥ飬Զᱻ˷ֵġ
ôࣿӣЩȡ
Ѿȥȥľˡɾڷµúʱһӡֻһ꣬Ѿܿˡ˵ûһˣȫǸ̶ӣǸӼӡִ߽ﲻעĿ;ƭߺӡЩӦòֻǣȫǣǵ⡣
һȫר˾Ů޵֯
ֹ֯ȷרųЩ˶ĿĻƣ˰вĿ꣬ȷĿʩУߡ
ǿڣɾΨһڡ
ϱҪˣǮ¾Ҫ뷨ӿһˡ
ȷʵǻõʱ򡣡
ƴʲô뷨⻰ʵЩأһͶôຢӡЩǲǻŶǸδ֪ǵһ꣬ôжСӣ
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СŮҲᶼֻ֣Ҫ˳ӣǻָС
Щ˻ôԴЩС
ĵ˱ȱȽǡһƤ濴ģģʵǲƤǸ
ǵҲúúһˡһδֱʡ
»ǣ˵棬ȷԼܿסѹ
ƳüëôǳԵļҪϣСҿס

ӣֻϰԵļһûҪƳ۵˼ƣϲƳ۵Ķ֡ƴ˼Щƴɡݹģֻʺϱ˻ŶԶ֡
ʱԼݹˣԺѧЩܶ˺˺档
ǣ˽ѵǡ
ⲻǽѵ㣬ڽƳ۶ӣǴЦСжѾͷ̫ߣǽշɡ
ǡԺһѧЩ¾ӲӲţȷƳĵӣ죬ͷһޡ
һԣ춼ͬ⡣
һҪذ꣬ɱˡ
˵ʧӰ۽Zˣ
ӣͷȻ˷ʣﻹǼǺ㡣һҪСЩСĸ۹ǽ
ƴڣҡ
СѾͷˮã㾡ܷģڣл˵㡣ֻⰸջҪ㡣תתһĽһôһǰǷʵģ񣬹ȴǷZģҵԸһĵ£Ҳϣлϲ¥
ZСӣе㸣
ĸûͷʣһӣ˵


588 µм

ٰʮµм
Ƴ۶ӣͷ̧ٷZȻֻ̬ȣҼֵܣҲСӻǿˡ
ʧӰƻ쿪ã
󡣡
⻹ӣģZ˼ϵһ졣
ӣȽҪʧӰ㲻౻ϼ䣬˽ǵģĵڼƤ񣬲¡
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ĵ²СĴӦһ߶ӣҪĲԹûʲô׷󣬷ֹŸֱΪ󲻳İӣ󡭡ʲôʱȷǿˣ
Z⵹˵ĵҲʵڣ۴ȷʵʣƷȴǿʮٱ
ƴǾ÷ĵ²ЯЯӣڵ͵˳ƳٰƻʧӰĹ;˷ģѵЯ
ǿɡ
ʲôǿ㣬Я߷Zú˳츮ţ쿴˳ۣŪ̲
ӣЦŵͷZлƳۡ
л˵꣬Ƴۺӣ鶼ɵȷϢ۵ϲ괺ˡҲ²˵λ֮ս괺
СӵǻĺܡǣӦþϢˣȷѲ߹гͷټꡭ
һƴˡ
ؿ˵Ըǰ´зԡٲ˶ʧҾƴ˷ģһʵ֡
˭˵ӣϵĹʵŷϣӹĸڡʵӣʺĵط
˵ĲʵҲϲɡϲһӣǻӣΡµİ´зԡԣܱס־ҺԺһȻܻЩź
źԵÿɹ
ȷ˵ĺӵҲŷһҿ
ʵ˵Ҫʢݹ
Ƴߡ
ĵСӺû˵ĵ硣
ӣһƳ۶ˡ
˸ǱߣȢӣҪ˵Ҳԥɽٲˡӣͷ֮ϡ
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ӣò˼飬ʵڲŮɫˡ
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ˣҲû˻ỳˣĿġ
ѾȷˣӺ͹Ůްйأʮ߰ˡʱʵ̫ɺˡϾգʵˣÿֻδǰΪɾӣɱ֡
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Ѿͷ졣ҲãԶһӡЩٴӽʼȥתתܷʺơˣеѾͷƳۺӣĵĺܿġ


589 ˵İ

ٰʮ´˵İ
ƳۺˣӣģӣīߺڣԽԽˡ
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ٸ˿ʼƵٸϣٸҹѲҹԼҡ
ӣ˼죬Ѿá
ⲡͦˣɺõҲϵĿ죬ӣΪǿɡ֮ӣѾûʲô󰭡
ƳۺͷZɲġ
վʧӰܿá
ʱ䣬Ҳȵٷʾڡ
Ȼðһͨۡ
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Ѻ⣬˳ҹڸƽĵС
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ӣͷ
ƽϸƷֶȤζǷģҽ
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ֶ¼ҹ˶һۣİӰɡ˵ˡ
ֵͦģΪʲô˵ŰӣͿϿڣʰǴƤҧŲڣѵӣȷʻ£
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С˲ã˱ڻԵСůȲ衣˵ůҲǷӣġ
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Ʋ۸ZưѷĵºƵһƮƮɵģ
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ĵӹֱƴ˵Ļĵ»ᵱġ
Ҳûʲôð˵Ĵ붼ġҿɲ´ĵ¼ʱøɨ졭
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590 󰸻С

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ӣǵû񣬷ӣթ
һѪһ½Ը֮⹫֮ԿڣʱΪҧ̸壬Ȼ̸ֵܲ߻ģ̸յȷͳ̸ֵ㲻ۿŷȨ߸ҲҪۿ̸ֵ
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̸ȴûй鰸
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591 ҧ

پʮһҧ
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ӣĵһ䱾⹫ӱܲµˣΪԳƱԱŻȻ֪ģֻһλ
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Zʵڲǰһ̻˭һ֪̾ˡ
⹫ԴűģĵºĵºĺһZ˸Ĳ档
Ѿ϶⹫˵Ļš
ĵҲеģǸʲô
⣬ĵӦ֪⡯մʲôɣ
ûһҲаǧܴʲô浱Լ飬ֻ˳
ǰաĵµǸѧġ
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ZȻҲܿ⹫Ǹġ
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ӣҡҡͷͷƳۡ˿˵̸գ

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⹫ӣǴ̸ճԴ˺̸ˡ
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Ҳ˼ڡ
ֱӼе㾹Ȼڼˡ⹫ӣˡˡ֡
Ƴ۵ڡ
һڣ⹫ƺҵ˾ǰ㡣ƴˣְ̲ԩĲı̸ղǡѵ㿴Һӣͬۡ
㣡ǡôʶϰ
ʰǸղءһĵӡΪЩˣҲΪ˱ȫ൳ǸӹȻɲ˶ֻ˵а̹ƻһ׼ͯͯŮķӣͼ


592 

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ķš
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ŵÿԼı׬ӣܳԵͷ̲ˡ
ұҵڹַſڵĺӡ
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ЩȷʵƤӵȲҾ֮¡ºڣһºڡЩҲȷʵæӦۣæչԼæšΨûеͷǡ
Щʵкڰľǽ䡣
ĴԶӣָأƳûз


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ҲŸ۰䲼ķЩ޿֡
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жд̣޲ó֮ˡֻ¾ƣҰˡ֪³ֺáôöû¶ߣ˱ݻⰸӱضܲǵ۲ã³ҲԱٿ֮ء
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ƳЩҧԼͷ
СѾͷЩмܡ
ӣһѵú˽ʲô˼һ۱ܿ
ʲôͷûڣԷ³ˡ
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˾ǲĵЩ¶ףҶԡ˲תˣֻ˵һаãι顣
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ͲµǱ߻ѡ


599 

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еĶӣ֪ɼ֮ȾɼǺͷйء
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λǸǵģ˭Ҳ֪ɽлƫɽС
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þһӲܼ͡
ֱ˵÷ĵΣԼʱӣʵڴӦáұ֤һٵţӣúŷԸһӣЩƷһʱ󣬹ȻһƷ
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λĵµƷٴθ߿һۡ߯ʵˣ˵ͲƷһ
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˺͹ٲ֡ݱһҡ
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ʲôĿġֱ룬ϸ˼ְ
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ĸȻˣһǡˣӰ˸Сջ
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ƳϢѾȷˣȷʵʮС߰¡ˣ˵յСͽܡ
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СѾͷȤĽ

һӣߡ
̫ԷƱˣǶɹòʤ㡣Ƴһİο
ллˡûбο
ȷⲻǱ𣿲˵Ц˵ЦƳۻջشӣȻǼģֻҲһãûʲôͷ
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601 

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Ƴ۽ʵ̽һµġ
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ٲǸֻҪóԺıܺõСˡ
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һ߷ӣϴһ߶㲻ܶϧЩӣûãôġǲĸ˿ǺãѵҪݷݵļ㲻ȻǲܵģԶŻ
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ŵһͷ뵽ջǰӱ
塣
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СŵĲᣬҲûķԸ
л͡
ǰλӡ˻᲻ҪСջǾҪְ
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٣
Ȼջǰ˻īīӴŵʮһĹ
һ³ŮȻûԱŸҲûȱŸǿϼ֡
ʼżӣϾ϶ӣеϻҪеģС˶ˡ
˻Ѿһˡ
Ůҵţ߯ѽˡ鷳ԺҼСӲ̫ãĳЩƳϢ֪ŮɲǸæʾӣúܵȡ
ǣȰȡ
ֱͷӣ١
ӣЩˡ̫ˣŮһȼۻѰ
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ôˣŮ۸ˣ
һģǰһ˵ļ˲߽⡣˭۸
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дһаãδ֣𣿡
ѡڱǰεȵ緢ӣǰżֱĹ͹
ǴҶϾŮϵΨһŮôáֻǡ


602 ɫŮ

¼ɫŮ
ӣЦˣΪŮȻû岻һеİڻתϼȦϾͲСˣʵڲ̫ʺСıϲõķʽˡҲӦúۿҲãҲգ˸ŵվǰһпԵģ
ȻԸ˵ˡʱˣҪԶ緹öԸȥ׼
⻰ԵʮֿԶˡ
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ϸ룬ĵƺҲһ¡ûλյĽһ֪Ľ䣬ʬ屻ӵҷظڣҰɡǲŽʧȥ
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ĴҲİ嵱ɸסţγٹ飬չɼ棬ȻͶûС
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ҲӣۼӣСɷףҲԵûʲôۼˡ뾩ǻм·̵ʱ˵һЩԼŮĴš
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ҲҴˣǶҲˡȷʵĸףһ·ţǸľȴЩ֣༸СҲûļҸĸźʦѧգˣҲͽ˵£ӣҲû˼͸ˣ齥
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Ȼֻ֪ЩҵףȢһ
ôһ·ǣûɣӣ֣ԷļȻǼù⣬ȻС֡ôͻȻ˲
ȻɣԸûϵ㡣
ôһͣƺҲͦͨģΪԼĻǵޡ
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أλӡˣΪǡĸ׵תȻĵ
ôһ˵ӣĲüƽˡ
˼УԼһòƵŮ˱ȥ


603 Ը

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ӣһ֮²ϼӲǸáģԺٲˡܸȥģһʱŮŮλһֱ㣬ֱޡ
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Ůⳡ粨ǹȥˣӣҲû̫ƽϡѾˣѵĺϾŮϵؾ˴ΣλӦóˡе޵Ĺﶼġ
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ǹˡһģڿЦӣ׵Ƴۣǿ
Ϊ˸ڹѸ²Ů׵
Ϊ˸ЫŮѲǣ滹޹Ǩŭ
תһм飬ȻЯȥȲˡƴΪӣһĸ󻼡ӣΪһĸ󻼣鶼塭һŮһֿѣΣ˻ĸϡ
Ϊɶ˿ڡ
¥ڲ졣
ˣ˶Ŀʵ򱳵˿ĸɫ֯˹ٸۡ
Ƴ˵ӣһּ⣬
һϦ䣬Щ濴ޱȵ̶ӣЩִ߽һնηУЩ۵С
󣬾ٹԾ
ŮİԷǡ
ŮģŮˣҲҪ
һ֪֮ˣԼŮǲģʬҪŮʬǻؼңҶҪһʱ䣬ٹƺڱС
վָ޵
£²ϡ
ĵطˣϾ߻ʵԶвǾȴ֮
ʧӰʮ޹ͯʧӲŷų䶨ֳ˻¥
¥ʧӰҪѪʮ꣬ȫʧٵĺӼĿ㼸ǧͳƲ֪һͳƼֱŵ˺ëֱÿӶϼɽ¶ˮģٸֵϱ
ȫٸӣһĿίʵˡ
Щĸһͬ뾩ĻйٲѺշеľȻס
ЩŮĸĸϳ˱ԼһֵС
еľȻմ״˹ʵġŮ˷ĳǰȥζԼŮǲҲŮôݵĶԱ˵Ů֣
òҶӡ
ǰֺ˰Լһţ˫۱ͷɶ㲻ӰεĴ
ٲƺҲðշййеıֻ࣬Ҫ˲ɷ档
һ·ߣһ·ٲȻСôһ·Ѻǡ
·;ԶнȵɷھǼʱѽء꣬ѾࡣѲʹҲЩҥԴؾǡ
˵ųǣ̿͡
²δˣȻԴ̿С֮鶯֮շ
֪̿ҲЩˣˮ͢ʼδ޷˲պ޼˳͢˵ÿйµѲʹ·żд̡
׸Щ̿͵ļ磬Գ˵̰
԰͵С
һ٣ڱ߾ܿ촫ЩֻΪѲʹй£ǵİﵽգǰһƤڽ½䱸֮ġ
ÿն⵽òҶϴվڰˡ
վſڳֵٲòҶһЩز
ӣӣʱǿ黹µĶ֮ӣڽÿ˰յš
һа󣬷ڸӣд˷šȻ߾˼֮飬ʾûӣԣû˯һȾ
Ѿϰ߰ӣڻ
˵ԼıǱӣ˯ذ
С¼黰
ƫƫӣŵʱˣӣְѹ£ƫƫӣӣȥƬ̡
ӣ׵ŮıԼģһŰˣԥչ˼ۡ
ֻۣʱɫ䡣
ӣʱѾĺ޲ʱȥҷ꣬Ҫɱ
ȻռŮˡӣ̾ĵ׵Ϊ˱ŮԼŮڲˣչ˵ģлˣȻҪɱˡ
治
˯һŴˣûʲôӦЩˡ
ʲôб˯һŴʲôͽӡ˵ӣͲð㽻ӶԼҺúһʻȻǸͽռ˱ˡ
ˡ˯һŴϣָ˭ռ˭ıءúÿŮ˭ռˣ
֮Ǹңôᱡ㣬


610 鷢

һʮ°鷢
˵ԼŮģֻ㣬ƾ˵ҪʤŮ֡ԼҵŮ˼ҵĶӶǻСӣռŮ˵ĻСӡйģǳСռˣ㻹˵ӺίⲻΪ̫ŮԲŻŭӿ˭뵽Ůǵ飬Ҫǧٿ׵ϲһ
еĻСӰŮɱ»ˤͷ±ͷɹ
˵ĺƵġ
ӭӣĿ⣬ԽԽСʵ
ܰǳСռˣȻ˾һһ١ΪʮְĵӣĻӦ÷һ
ԼŲ̊ӱʾÿడ
ⱦ򲻵ã»ˤԴɹͻȻЩɷˣ˽ˡǳСӸ۸㣬һҪ߸ô죿ԼŮŷ꣬ϧԱᣬʲô˯һŴռˡ
⻰ȻͦϹơ
Ǳȥίʵ̫Щ

ܸʲôίһҪ߸л游常أıˡ
ĵء
ӣ뵽ԼƺΨһŮޡ
ûʲôԼͷϸһ룬ȷʵͦġ
겻ҡл游常͸ڣ˭۸ң⻰Ҳ٣ǸۡҲõ¡ҿϻʵӲ̫ˣ˵۾Ƴۺ˵ˣűҪ·ʡȻãҲû÷Сӵóѡ˵ˣ㲻ٲˡֻܺúȡ׺ЩС
ӣӲͷƤͷ
һΣӣʱ治Ըʧ
ӣͷܸˡԼŮϷ꣬ض¸ѩɰСӡ
ʱһƳǰ԰һ
ƳⱲŶֲѾ˭һĿȻ
ۼڲټƽǷˣӣһԼ´һСЩɲ忴
Ŵ˿û˽
죬ǲ෹˵ıǻ¥
˵֣ܹʮһ¥Сл¥𱶼ѺЩŮȻһ˵˻˵һ̲ΣҲҪԹ˵˻ˡ
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ⱳķˮҪ˵ʱʼģµǰ׷߰ʱ䡣
˭һʼġ޴ӿʼֻ仨¥⣬ɽģұﶼʼ⡣
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ģҿʼĥж׬Щӡ
ʼֻмҸ⣬ۼŸڻһͿ¡Լɢҵ˵˰ӣԷˡ
ʱͨûޡ
Ҳ۾ʼϵҡ
ССһ׬ˣͷҲԽԽˡ
֮ҪĹԽԽ࣬ĴȻҲԽԽࡣ
γģҪ˵ܹжٹӾǻֱ
˵ʧӰֻþǰǻȻ¥ǾԾ
ΪԼŮԼܶˣǽӱǵȥˮ嵽ҲѰû뵽ȻǱ˾ǡ
Ͼ˼ҵĹɫڵĲࡣ⼸굹Ҳмɫ˫ȫģһ¥Ļ֮λͱϴԣȻȥҷЩͨ붼ѾˡٲĽȥ飬޼ƳȲˣ˳˵˵¥
ϾӣĹ
ֻϧϴʧӰһΪ֪
һСΧӣԸ衣
ϾЩùĲŻӻ¥СЩСضܷĥ糬ɡ̾Ϣŵ
ˣɿЩʧȥŮĸĸЩٵģúաñڳǵƤ
շչһʵѾû׷νˡ
ǸۣȻû¥Ϸгʮֿ̡
һаɷ׬ӿֻÿ˰
ӦùЩˡ
ùֵЩĸ٣ûܾΡƳ۲ѡҺ̲ԱѾӣջḺϳ
˵乫ֲͷϡΰҲ̲̲Ҳ̲޹ء¶ʵá͵ѧѧѱѡ


611 ĵ

һʮһĵ
ȻȲ˵¼˴ֻȥˡ
ô֪ɫ΢䡣
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪҼλӸãƺλ֮Ҳʲôܡ˵Ϻãûȥλ۷ϡÿһεǻҪ˹Ѫ
Ȼ£նĻС¾;ԲᷢС粻ֲܿᣬҲˣʲôãͷţءǲԭĶŮֻϲţ򡣲ԭĺֻϲзŮˡ
ĵ
Ƴתӣˣ
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ΪʲôŮʧˡ˵ʧ䣬ǰݷ͡ҵ͸òһһ
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Σɱɱˣѵۻɱ岻ΪȻĵ
ĻᣬϲĶӱǷʡۼӣƣϴأķͦܳסĵǸСӣͷСţڷ꣬濡Ρжķʣ˷*ģʲôΪʲôƫ
˵Ҳ֡ʵĸǸϲĹ۱ҪȢΪ޵ģֻǵʱҪҵȢСΪȻΪʺ󣬿ɸʼվǱҡҪЮŲòΪ֮
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ʵΪյĻλǿҲŶµġˣϣ˿ʱƫƫʺҶԴһ۲ϲʺ󣬿ּɵҵЩҲֻҰչһµҹٵ¶Ϊ
С޽ֱ³ӷأҲվߡ
ǻӳ͢ʮֶ
ڶ꣬ʺŮҳҲһ˷ˡһȥһأȻûȴˡؾ֮꣬ջǾɼӢšҴӲźҼս˥䡭
۲Žʼʡ÷ѹһͷȡ֮֮⡣
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ɱҲܵشԴ˺
ҿû֣ԻĶֵġڽΣ᲻÷Ϻʧ͡ѾˣҲֻӲͷƤһˡôһ˵ʱһ͵˾ǧ飿һʤ߼øٸ
û˸졣۵ʱ÷һŮѾǸ⿪ˡ
Ůס
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Σʱӣ̫ˣϲʡʽҲԡ
ʲôԵģ϶Ůϲȥ׷ûɱ˷Ż˺Ů𣿰ӣ˴
˵仰Ƴûٿڡ
ղˣܵĹƷӣΪӣѹĹĽŮĳ˵±ȷĻҪЩ
ҼֵܸΪ
ԼСžţΨһò׽
ϲͬ
岮ܵܡһɫֻӣһССų⽾Щ
ŷʣֻǵΪϲ
˵ϵĶŮϲϲҴš岢ûӣÿȥҷʡ
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ҲƱġƴ˽ҲڣԱѻ˵ãȻǽԴϲ˵ҲǱ˺ģԼĹ
һͷбһӣԳ𡣡
˭ССͣûˣҪʼĥҪƺˡ



612 ˱

һʮ˱
⻰ӣҪǶƳ˵ġλƴ˶ԷҪҷڳл
Ƴ۶Դ˹ڻ
ʵǲǹڻӣ̫⡣
ȱƳ۵֧֣ܻЩ顣ʼջڷߵģܷκ飬ͷֿġ
λƴǸƵģ뷨ҲͱвͬȻһʮѿƺʱȥҷƴƳֻǵЦЦ
ֶҪѪ
ʲô˼˵ӣѾͷӣҲʲô
һӣһͦáƳ⻰Ƕӣ˵ģĲЩҲΪĹϵɣѪ衣ϲƳ۳Ůʮ꣬һӣöǷǸ˸鷳
ݲʲôϵֻҪϲֻҪȨƣ˭Ұӣ鷳
˵ɣ̶ˮֺȵġοҲԹŮǷʡ
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ǣʲǶ¼ˣҲֻˡְӣ㿴ס
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ȥ벻շġ
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⻰ǿƳһʶ
˵˾ʵŮж游һŹ
жضһΪǸҲǸбµĹԺͷЯ֣˶ģȽ÷ųһ˲ԭĺҵģ½
½磬û½⻰˳


613 Ԥ

һʮ²Ԥ
½磬½һҪʢǰ˶֪˸ˡ
ȻŮеˣȻ
ӻ̻̹̹˳ݼڡȻգɾ꣬޺ҪҪ塣
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⻰ôôء
ǰҲ㲻
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614 Ҫ

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ӣ˵֣Ӳɵò˲
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ˡ
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ȻƲϴ忴ǾǸͷβĸǡǲԭϵ޵ıĸǣĺˣĸ˶ҵ𡣡ʺȻƣǧ㣬Ҳ㲻ԼôһŮƳ۶ʺûʲôϲ֮УʺЩﰵﴦ˲ٺ󹬵Ůˡ
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Ҳ֪ԼҹƢسȰ⹫Թ˱ºȲҲûлʲô
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ܲѾͷ軵ˡȻ͵ȥﲻãȥҳ
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ŵ㣿һ״СϲԼĶӡʲôǲб£⣬ΪУѾˡעϲ
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ʹȻԳ֣ȴ￪͡ϻʳ㵡ǸŮɻģҲǺðġۻ̣۰Ů֪ӣίҪԴӣֻع
ϣӲκˡ
ҷߣߣɱдɭɭ˵ۿЩһû˳ɽǶҲҲǡ
ڲ࣬õ߷磬װѶӴý˽
һٴα㡣񲻳˾ǵЦǵʼ˵۲常ŮǷϻʳվڷҵϣȻطҵĹء
Ϊӣ֮£Ѿϳ˷ʡүľӸС
һбΪ֮˵ֱҲˣҲˣųһ죬ôĵġ
ӣŮϧ
ѵʲĶӣϧ
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ʱĵ껪οˡǸ˼˱Ʋ۾ˡĸ겻ˣǵֽĵˡֻ컯ŪˣȢΪΪ
۾˵͵ĶӣҲʮֿء
ԶԷʣţǻţʲôƺнɽ֮⡣
£۱ΪѡĻʱ»ѾͽˡϸŮôĵģҪô죿ѵɱԼĶӣǸŮŸģ
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ѻλʵģǸѾͷȴ˷ʡȻʼԷôĶôȢһŮΪ
ڷ¹ϣհӣ
û뵽ӣطǣȴֺͷ塣
ĹȻûкù۸С


621 ѵ

ٶʮһѵ
飬ʮֿԼŮһҪŮѡõĶΪ
һԸͷϰ޺á
Ҫ֪ȵ۶ûܺ޺áһʵͦѴ򽻵ġǲϲԼ߷ϻʳΪݡǰҲо⣬ն޼ա
ʵŮӣϻʵѺദ
ȢΪޣһˡǼֱһجΡ
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˭뵽ºʾȻŷ꣬˵顣
˵ӣʮְ䡭
֮ѸĲᡣ
ʱʴ㣬һС𣿺ӣȻԷ֡
ʶȢӣ߶ɫ䣺ʶӣĪǺͿˡѾͷɲʡ͵ĵơʶɲĶ֡һ˼С㣬һ˼ʶ㣬ʶûⳡֻˡ
Щ˱ӡ
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ŮеΣлв˲Ȣ˸ƯŮ˽ţ˳£лֱ࣬һ¡
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ô˵檵лҹܺãҪвţҪòò
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ĲȻ죬ۻûϹҲƵġãϲӵĹΪξ佱
ǣǲϲѾͷ̫ˡжȲ˵ҶڴĦҲһס㵱ϴΪʲôڹ⣿ŭ޿̣̫ƽʶҪ׷ʶѲϵǳһֱû׷ֻ֪㣬
ģʶôẦˣ
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Сˣοˣׯ磬Ϊ
ֻҪ¹طʣʧ˷ִ磬û˷ȣӺݻĹоøɷ˵ֻ֪Լĺӡʲϲӣľ°ӣ᲻֪飿
ĸܶ𴦴ʶ¾Ҫܳͷ޸ղЩ˵˵ҲûӣȷʵۣСС;һӣӲã¶ЩƷǣٲҽʱšҲشǵʶɡ
ҡҡͷ
׵ΪĸִֹȢΪҡ
ǸˮոЩԻϴڴϣƳ̸һΡ֮ȷʵʡ
Լǲˡ
ȷǴˣҴشҪЩһֱϸȴһʧڿҲʺϳм޵¡ɵˡ
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ǰŸ۵˵ЩˡϹдĦʥ⣬ûܼ
Ҳ츳ɹ֮ףԼ˸ǰ̡
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Ϊʲôһ֣
£檿˵ˣ
ҡҡͷĲģȻһֱûȻǸƽӹ֮ˣ°ɡʶ޷ˣʶ糯ɡ


622 г

ٶʮ¹г
۵·Ȼ˹ġ
ӣֻ֪ʼϳ£Ϊ˷˺ôһͨƢһҪӣؼңٲ̤ϻʳһأӣȺˣȥֵˡ
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ӣлûӣʺķӦ
깬Ҳߣʺһһʱ䴫Ϣ
ֱȵҹڴϢ
ʺʱ˴ӽŹһֱûгʺ޹ƺִ뿪˵뿪ʱɫʮѿ뿪ʺ̼ǿ䱸Լĸȥ޹
ʹӸ޹ĵˡ
ǰȻҫʺǰǺܽС΢ġ
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ʺڳʺʽǰ˴ҪƷ·Իػ˵Լ̸ˣʵûƲ
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ʺ͵Ȼû֣ڼѹŮ³ˡ
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ӣţмʺʲô˼ŵƣԼҲ˸³
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ʲôԶϺ·ͼʲô
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᲻ȨԼлᵱ̫ˣлʺǰҫˡֿ²
ᡣԽʱ򣬵»ԽСĵġڹжʮ꣬һֱ֮ףɼǸˡСС˵ЩУûõһˡ
ӣһζ졣
ӣԽ
ӣΪϢѾˣ칬ﻹ˸ʹ͡һλ
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ĸ֪ϢȻŸ
СŶӣû˳Ψһϣı׷ӣܰ£ֻС£ӣͻȻǰ£Сżսս鼤
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˼ֿ˵ĲĿСͷˣǲǳæʱԼԼͷˣֿ˾ЦСһĵͷҲﲻæӣԺ£һڱҪϼ٣ӣǰ˵һ
Ҫ׷ӣ?
С˹Լڻġ
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СӣġǴ㷢ͼǿԺڹߵĻţ
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СǸҺʵģֻǵС£ڴڸвߡһ·Ӹǣһ˺ܶࡣܣֿȻϣСܺһ¡
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ɱҹ̫ϰˡ
ԺﲻҪˣٻظ


623 ɵСӻֶ

ٶʮɵСӻֶ
СȻߣȻˡԺżִ硣ְɡ
ӣﰲźСţСһֿҲİŲæĺܣֲڣ¡Сϸĵߣʱû⣬СӾ͸Ÿ죬㲻һܰȢϱﱧӡ
Сźҡͷ
ŵżֹŻڡ
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Ҳ˵ҺʺţΪŵʲô
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ǰֹ֣ʺıҲֵͦġ
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˶ʮ꣬ڲ˰ɡ˭֪۲أ°˶ˡλաӼǵճǳӣȻλʺҪüˣԲûǰá
ڡʺֲ԰ڵӡԽʱԽóأԼ˳£۴ӣ
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ҲһĻӵĸֺ¡ǲԤףţĵ£Сһص˵š
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ӣӣ˿ȣǿѹЦ⡣
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ǻϣ轣ƴܵʵ۵ġĵȻɵģʵۣҪЩϳ۸治ЩϹֿ꣬СһĿࡣô֪Һһϣһ轣һܣ
ܻ֣̿һ˻±ץ޹顣
ֲʲôܣĵŴͣһֱǰ㣬˵ҪܹҪȥ
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ҲҪҪǿҹ
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֪ˡֻ֪һ֡Ҳһ߷ZġӣҲ̫ˣѵ˵ЦĻᡣСٴ¶֮ɫܸǻӰҪ֪ˣٲˣ㣬ֻ뿪㹻ˡ
˶¶Ҳ̶֮ɫ
ʱʱͿǸ͡
ѷΪֱʣȴĺܡ֪ôôӡ
ˣ㵱˶ƵġԹĻӾ޿ܻǴѡǾֻӺˡ𣿡


624 ־ɳ

ٶʮ־ɳ
ֿԼһһ೤ΣֻǸһССĲͷ
ⱲûʲôܵһӲͷϱŮͶܳ⡣ӣ뿪ʱҲԥ˵ӦóŴ
뿪Ůʱֿ絶
ǵһ·ϣ鶼ǷѡʱСӺС顣
ֱ쵽ǣŽ˾Ǻʮæµʶ˺ܶССĸһҲʶ·羰ʶ˺ܶԹ󡣼ֿԼļ£ҲԺظЩ̸ʣҲ벻
ôԶ
ӣݾȻô󡭡
˾ȻʶۺĻᡣǵĸ
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СӲͷˣ˵ıҲǰĨƵġӣߣ˰Сţ佱ĵ
СŲ˼Դɵ֮֡
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С˵ĶԣѾܺˣҪʱע⾩ǶһʺǵǱʲôٶӡ˵ĲǷֱ·öĶ÷ķһ״һʱùƴѸԲߡŬּ죬һ»ؾضһµľ档
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ӣ챾ҲֻΪ˹ʿ
мŵģᱳġѾµͷ˼ڽ͡
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ſмִš
ǰʺ͸ۻһӵŮϣֹʺֹۺʧͣǿҪʧˡ
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ֻϣʺҪգʺƽ´ྶͥȻ͵˺档ӣģʺѾƸ۵ľ
˶һۣȻûڣɶױ˴ڵʲô
һᶢôӣһ춯һһʱ䷢֡
£ȻġҪСģҵĴӺʺʹЩ飬һƸۣ»ᷢϲ¡
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ӹվ̫ЩֻǷЩӣ־ˡ
£Ҵ˱ǣһɫ˳ȥȻʲôûһ̫ƽɲ֪ǲǴܸожƮһֵζ
һƺһ
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óԥʱЩ
̫ƽһһ졣мûյϢˣϴ˵ð鶼Ѱźã̤Ϲ̡
һ˳ʮµģܻˡ
βܸϷϵļ䡣
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ˡܴܻǷꡣ


625 

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ղСӣûпܸĿе̫ѡǷꣿ
ӣҲÿԲ
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Ů˿ã󻺻Ȼһ籴ϴ£Ůƺͷһۡ
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ͷ
ȺϢʱӣЩķҡղԼǸΡ
ȥƳ۵˺ܿƳ۵õϢӣ࣬Ҳֻ֪ͻ֢ҽϵʾΪ
»ǻǸδ֪
Ƴۻɣһ֡
ӣ˷ģʺ취ӣյĿһһ
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ǻĳ£ӣӦ¶档ŲʣֹԷ겻ý´ȥ˶Ҫӣļˡʺǿ׼㣬ԲŻ᲼һ֡
ڻǲʺڻ֮硣
ƳȻûж˵ӣµˣƳ۶ڻǲĳʵҲżֻɡ
Ҳʺֲ֣뷨ȻǣǿҺܿ£ǡӣȴãµҲĻΪʵ
ʵƽ⣬ֻҪ빬ʺ޿κΡ
ӣ²⣬ͷϷ


626 

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ܿ죬ӣõϢһʱ󡣱йּ͵լʺ͡
أǰӣһ档
ϾǶ֪ӣͷ£ΪδĶϱֲھУǰҪһӣҲ޿ɺǡԼ²޼ӣ֪ԼǸÿԼδ֪Цʺ̫йоأһ㾪ϲҲûС
ƳҲ֪ʺͣӣβҪ빬
塣
Ů˹Ϸƴ˲ô*УʺһҲ㹻Ƴۿˡ
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лڵĸЩȥ˺һǰлȥһݡ
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ںһյĹ򣬲ԶԶŹĹš
ôô󣿡ʵ̫ˣⱲӶûô԰ӣû԰ǧ״ĸɫľʱǶ죬ǵ˴ģʲôӣֱ޷
·ĹŮЦ
ǻʹղƹ԰԰԰ˣþҲū빬ʱ԰·ءСŮͿһЦ·Ů̬ȼֱһһˡ
·ңҲ·ġ
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ӣΪֻǸѾͷɶǰнƽ;ôദģȻڹУиĸ빬Ϊ澻ΪԺ빬꣬ĸпʹʵǸЩȦС
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ӣԶݣСŮůԵСŮ֪Ĳ࣬ѾԼӣˡ
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Ҽﲡأū̫ŵ˹鲻ˣǿЩڰɡ
Ȼ֪鲻㣬㻹ЩظҼҹǵˣҼҹǶʹʵʹĺܡԴӽʱʱ̿˼ѣһ·СŮûһƲ硣
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ЩʲôħֵĶ
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ܵİ꣬Ƶĵ̽𣿹˪ֻᲡء빫ϧǲˣҪڳǧ֮ļʽ


634 

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ȻӣⷬƺЦ֮ԣӣĿȴ䣬ŮĿ·ŮѾǸˡ
ҾͺáһŮСǰ·ɡ
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㿴ˡǲĲҪ˵ûһö档ֱ˷ǿŵĿⰡ㵣Լҹ޵һ˯ʱԼҹҪʱʡ
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۶Իһʱ棬ϾȷʵǸˡ
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ӣԹԵͷ
ǣһж½졣ҪŮʲôҪ󣿡
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635 

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ѵ˲ˮȻǷ겻ޣǾҪ²̼һʮʱߣʱ
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ⱲӶӣˣֱԹͨ
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ⱲӴûӣˡ
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636 ׷

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ͱ˵ʲôҪ߱ǽǱ˶ˣ߱ͷͼ߱ͷȽ᣿һĵĵ
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ķĸʧͣ޹أȲæŷԼʲôȴֻһӡҴδĸסʺ󡭡ԴӺ¹Ҳ۰ġ¹һ֪˼伲СֻҪ¹ڣʺһ뷽跨Ů
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󲻶ˡ˻Ҫе׷ġȻԷΪʲôܶЩʺоĸ׺ǻ
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ǰ
˲Գơˡ
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˵ˣ׼ǰǸˣ
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죬ֻԻ
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637 衱Ů

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סڣ㶮ʲô㶮ʲô˵ŮˣûĸŮܱˡ
ʱĻҲţ˶ǴӡֻŮ˵ˣһʵΪ˵õһŮˣʲô˵ʲô˵Сףٸ߸ߡ
Ļ㲻ţ
ǲһһһ⡣ǸأԺĻʵۣʱѾһٷλ͵Ĺɣ˵Ļôţ
˵ף׶Է䵭ĸ׸İˣΪʧġ
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ܽܣβܽܡȻΪѸ裬ҼڷϣӣͼͻɷŮڤ粻顣
Ȼһ˼÷꺦
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ÿ궼ҩֻԹСֶΣԶ̫ƽȺ˷ǣụ̂ԼԼˡοʱСı˰㣬ҥҲָָ㣬˸ССͣŮɫĵͽӡ
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жʹࣿɻֻ赭дһ䡮û𡯡֮⣬˼Ȼûʲôüƽϵġ
ŮˣĸףӣδšҾȻôഽ࣬ǴǷĸУ㻹Ǹİˣ껹ܺùЩ
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졣ˣˡɱ
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ղӣһ֣Թ˵ʮ𺳣ӣţʺǾԲµġ
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ļģȻһѪ
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ӣߣĵԼţľ˻С
ˣ˵ʺԲҳµġʺ֣÷㱾Ͳĸ֮Ŵܿؾ۵ĲҲϲ˶ˡ̫ӽܿнܽΣûϵ·ʤҲ̫Ķӣôҡͷ궼ôҡ
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ۼӣҪߣļˡָоһߣһأⱲӣؼˡ
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۲Ŀˣȥ̽¶᲻
УǸ˻ʱӡ
̬ӣģ
ҪȨʺںֻ죿ҪʲôԼδҲա
Ƿĸô顭ܡ


638 

ʮ
֮ʺİţӣһͽ䡣
ڻһжӣĴûӣһжᷢĻҲû䡣
ļӣһţջȴ顣ʺ֣ڻа֡ЩߣһֱֻҪôߵ˱㲻ᱳ
ȴ֪һܳУҲǱ۸ġ
ֻҪʺʩԮ֣ġ
Բ֪䣬ͳ˷ѣǧٿס
һγζֽ첻飬еصزӦζŮĺҲš
̼֮ңҾʵױȶҲԭģС󣬻ǱĸгġСʱ󸸶вӦģĺãϲ
ȻŮȴȼλֵܶҪó衣
ԶձͽУǰʮֲᡣ
һһѱһѵġֱòʵ˷ѡǧټ빬
Щ걻󸸽̵ģӰҲ빬Ĺޡ빬󣬹Ȼܿó裬Ϊ̫ƽĽصĹԱүǰΡ
޷Ů
ֻܰѴѵĲﰵͽУûһС
󸸿ֻҪӣڹбˮ
ڻУֻңֻиײĿɽ̥ӣͻȻʧ裬÷Ǹծ
ϲ꣬Ǹȴ÷ϣ
ֻҪгϢгͷһ졣Ȼͬ׵ĻҲ游֮ԡҲͷ׽ֻҪ꣬ʮ⡣ʱˣߵ͸Ƕ˼Խٰѷǰˡ
ĸӱͲ׺ĹϵԽԶ
ֱʮ괳˻
ͻȻһĸӳ£ἱԼȼ֮;÷ᴳȻ㴳
Σ⡣
һʱŷȥʺ
۴ŭȻˡҲ֪ζģվȻǰ̫ƽ
ģ÷ǣӣ·ңǰԸ¶¶ҩŰġ
룬һҲӲġ
ȻҼӺңܵʲôʱңҲܶ֡
ǻҩĳԡûж룬û󸸶ãΪҵŮ
ĶӣҲðѷ꿴ıҪء
ûСԷֻ꣬ǲϲֻһôֲ꣬ϲѾֲĵףٹ̣޷ı䡣
ҲӲԼˡ
Ҳûи߻ˡ֪󣬷ǵûгûⷨӺס󸸵˼ǷҵѪ㲻áԼˡЩֶЮҲӦõġ
οԴӷ굽̫ƽ
ϡٻһԽΪ̫ƽ֮ס
̫ƽ£е֪λ
ϣȴ˲֪˲
ˡһӵĻӣ˺߲ӣ˦ȥλһˣʲôǡˡ
ӣصʺܿŮ˵ǻѪˡ
ʺ¶ѸٷԸΡһȻûŭˣ
ҵĻˡЩӹ̫ˡձҽϵףȻŭġ˵ҲǷ£Ȳ˾Լʲôˡ
ӣȷʵʺš
˿ƺ鲻ӡ
ǳЦԷ˲ˡţʡ
ֻҪڣʺӣֱֱġЩһֱԼǺ󹬵һˡӦðĲ԰ΣƫƫǸ۹ⲻãֻʵĵһˡӦúͻͬ顣
ʺЦЦ˻ﶼ̡
Ҳû˭˭ˡԷ˳ۣЩͶԷ
£ʱѺáҺͻͬһԼݣȢңֻΪ룬ҵĸֳס¡ضʱǶλĹؼ֮ʱضأҸڳ£˼ϳ¶꣬߾¶غҳֹ˧ƽࡣ
Ȼ֪ΡΪҪޣ
֪òһ˵ģ֪ԼԶǿӣΪʲôҪޣ
Լ̫˰ɡҳãǳһȨСҿ˶Ը׶ǸСġ׸ңκжҲϡʵͦЦģʲô䲻ϵġֻϲϲ䲻䣬ʱСΪ档


639 ʺһ

ʮʺһ
ʺţϹǳǳЦ⡣
ûЩ˵ӣȻ㲻ϵˣԾԲһӪġ
Щ˵ӣ˵˭أ
һһŮӻʵΣ֮ԹִҪΣֻлƴӷ
ŮȻͱӣ󣬿ɺӣһȣֱ꺢Ӷ硣ʱȢ˼ҼҪҼż̤ƽˡĸ׽̵ƽͣ׽̵ҶׯȡھǹУǳĺӡʱۺļֵܣҲšֳʵÿζߥֳǹ԰ӡ
Ů¶
ʺͷǰʱʵΪ鰮ҿֻǱܵĺߡҸ׺ңϲһ
ӣüѵۻʺԼѡеĲɣ
ҺЩ֪ͬ㣬ZǸСӣʶ鰮Ҳй÷ZȢĴ㣬ķˡΪΪȢŶͷ꽻񣬻÷ЯZЩοҲҵɵСӡ
ûʲôڸСӦҲ⡣ӷܵڿ죬ľԷհˡڱʵҶϣض㣬ǸʵлơлƣҾͻ̬͵ĵ޶¡
ڷ꣬˵ˣͶϡʱ򣬼λҲˡգȴѡ˸ġ
Ϊʲôﵱ֪ۺ͵÷𣿡
֪ȴҲû⡣һ㣬ײǸСҸǱǰһȨʮҲһָͷҲ֪Ϊʲôѡ˷ʱҵЩֹҾ밡˵۾Ư
ֵﰵභΪңҲΪ˶λֻվһԲԲġ߸ףҪ޷
û뵽Ȼġ
ӣһֱΪʺ޸ǻӷһ
Ҫͼ˭޸һװ˱Ů˵ˡ
ȴԭǡȻأʲô
Ȼ˳޽ǷҲƵֻǺþºҪɲ
ӣ̾Ȼˡ
˶Ǵӡ
סǿ»ֵȵ˺ӣֻӲͷƤͷѳȢšճ
ԭȱûȻи÷ˣܻᱳġ
ʺͷһܵǻѵһŮ˹Ԥϵˣֻû뵽ôļļ³ӣ˲
Ҹ׺ӷЩѰڳУһҸײֻ֧ǸƵĻӣڲʲôӣҹҹԺڣض
ʺӣҲ֪кýȻһضǼ£ǺҲȥǱߡҸ׵֪ŭС˼֣ڳżҲ˵ϼû˼ЦģضҸ׺ܸˡž
Ϊ˵õ֧֣Ҳǽʾ֭ˡ
ʺԳЦЦǰǻ˳Ϊ󣬷ڶ죬˳ϵ֣ʺ˵ġ
¡Ǹ*Ļĳõġ
Ǹ۲ɹִ
ۺĹϵʱѾˡ
Ҹϻ硣ûҵ޹ˡ
ӣ֪ΰοʺ󡣻ʺҲҪİοֻҪһߣȻʺ˵
ҸǻΡ󣬱߾ҵֳٴ̤ҵ޹ңһŮֳƽҺٴι̬ȡҰȰֵܴǹ١ڳΪٵϣҵıңֳ֧͸۵飬ǹٹЩڼ޶żɽˮʮڡЩֶҲչˡ
һգ۱һղܶҡ
˹ؼ֮ʱ˿̡ǻĸӳ¡˵Ҳú޷𣿡
ӣ˵ͷҡҡͷ⣿
֪ʲôˣʲôģ
ʺȻЦˡǰôˣͰԼˡ˶ס۵ģֺεºܣ˵Ķԣʵ֪ʲôˡЩǼɢˣұȻ֪ʲôʱʿɶֹ
֪𣿡
Ҳ֪ĿģҲ˽Ŀġ
ǵģǱ˴˶Է롣ղ˵ЩľҵġΪӡϧֵȻĸ׵ĿΪ˺Ӹ𣬿ղ˵ˣӵǻĵһ£ǡлơ


640 꽻

ʮ꽻
ҺлСν£һȫڵлƾԲᣬᱯߣһ˵Ϸ룬գһڰļ޸ӡ֮أǲǵһ䣿ľôܵһûʵ𣿡
Ҳ̺ӡض¶Ҷ̵Ĳá¶㱾Դض
ʺ˵ʡ
Ǹͨ͸ˣһݻʹѳ͢Щ¿˸ס
ҲŬ̵ˡԷõıŮʮٱûãҲǷѪộ޷ֹӸ丸
ϲŮ˶
ʺ˵ֱǳجΡ
ӣƽľĳԷ𻰡ԸǸλ
Ѿû·ˡѵܷ̫ƽһûзӣ⣬ʺʵûд𰸡ҪԼĶӼＸʺô᲻֪Ϊ֪ʹࡣȻӣĻ̫ƽһжˣʺ󲢲ӣ෴ģԽľ÷ˣҽʶӣӣء
һжûһжü
ɵҺ͵ִһ̣һб㿪ʼˡأǵȴ֪ġвҲҶһʱضᷴˡ
ǹһƬûжֵԭɡ
ǡ¶ȻУ֪˺¶ģҲȫȫ֮Ը޹ΪڻвߣԲû˵㡣ڽ֮Ե޹ʵģѱʲдӹҺ͵ִ󣬷ʱ㣬㣬ʱѹסʡ
ܷʲô͵ĸⳡɸע޷⡣
ŪУҸƴͶҲǺͷְɣ
ǡʺԥĳˡ
˵ϣӣʺҲ֪޲ˡղŵ⣬ʺȻӦӣԤϵˣҲʺڷ෴ģʺʹĵͷҡͷǲǷܡ
Ǵ£غĴ¡
ʺûҲǾӣ飬ûıҪ
ҲǾӣǰ𣬷ỵ¡֮ʺ˼һʱûжֵ˼
ҪǷĸӡ
ƳۡȻһʵ棬Ҳн֮⣬ӣֻǼװûпҲûӦʺʺǲǹô˵Խķ֮ģǹô˵߽־
鵽һʵ˭ʲô¶Է²͸
ղǷʺȥƺˡأʺҲȷʵְֺޣԱֳ֪زǵʵ۵ϡ
ǱϾʮ»̥Ķӡʺ᲻Ϊһ˭Ҳ֪
ʺȻûӣǺӣˡͬԡǰԼʮ·ӣ
ȻֵͦģһСǰô˳µģʮ̹Ȼı˵˳ȻѾӣˣʺҲû㡰ɱڡʵֵͦģǰСͲ󣬱ԼŮҪС꣬ӣһһƬ飬ʺİԼǰСﲻǸոռǵС
һֿܸܶ࣬ͬܵѡ
νҳ
ȴ˽֮ɡҰڹƽ㣬ͬʱҲ㡣
ܿнģ֪µĲ϶ã
߲ˡ
ôˣôһֱţǺͳǲýǳó֪ΪãҲ׼Һγɱġĸ۵Ǽλϳ棬ʾΪ̫֮⡣ʱǿɾ޲ˡ
ʺĵȻǿѨ硣
Ȼ˷ʵĻţҲСɼУƫĵʼǷʡ
ҲѰ죬ֻҪñʶΪ̫ӣگ֮ձǶµڡе֣ҪóһԼļಢѣҲԼ棬ﱾ˴㣿
ʺ΢
Լӣǰ·δƬơ
룬ӣܲ͸ȷʵɱ˷ʡ
ɷЩھǺܻģҲȷʵԼ߾۽һں֮ڡ
ĳ£˿ʷֱָء÷Ե˵̫ˡ
Ҫõĸ
ѵĶԣȷʵܵų̽һͷԸȥЩʱٳ빬ѾҥھŰˡʺΪһֱѰ


641 

ʮһ·
ӣĻǰͻȻա
Ҫɱ˷ʣֻҪ÷ʶдλʵ˼ĸӱ
ף۲*ಡãͶԳΣոб֮ʱʱֻҪ뷨һЩȻȻı롣
Ҳ¶ϵˡ
¡ʺӣӣƺ˵۳أŲ豭š
ʺٴԼŮӣһ룬ҲĿˡ
ⱲӣӣĶϱʵǼź֮¡˰ɣʺ󻰷һתͻȻ˷ꡣù죬ϴдţ˵Ѿ׼ˡ
λ˴󹦣۹͡Ҫ߾ϣԽZͷ
˵ЦˣʲôԽԽģѲʹǸ£Ըȥһֱ̫ƽǼ꣬Լ̫иûΪʲôּӣڻ˵Ļʹʺˡ
УʵϲꡣСʱģľͺãضͷZֵĻڵأ޲Ϸߣֻз꣬ССһˣԼһ档ֲֵġ곤Щʼ飬Ҳĸܵ佱
ˣССͱ㱻ݺ
ǡһ֪ǷΪֻǵʱ˵ŷûڣѾѺŷˡŭŽͳǡ
ӣȻʺ⡣
ӣЦЦʺҲЦЦ˴ղĸףĽʧĸȻĸҲûСǶûº¹ˡ
ǧ򴩣ƨ
䲻ķлʺáȻûĸ׽̵ͷȴĸĽӡϸĽ̵ȴѶӺŮ̳Ц
ô˵Ͳˡ¹ĹֱѰ˭̵з
ǸɵѾͷֻһ˼Ա˺áôˣûҵʵ˼ңҲ֪ܲܿˡ
ŮծʺͷۡĵͬҲʺһĲ
Ȼܡ¹ԵֻûеһԵֵˣܱܿСˡ
ѾͷרҰĻ㼪ԣ㱧뵽Сһ˼ĵǸлƣʺбơ
Ҳû
ʲôһлǸСлϷء
ʺӣסƫ˼ַš
ԼҲûôСʺ֪ȥæʲôˣѾȥðˡ
ӣ˼飬һûһķšǸ·СŮЩ˿ߣߣƺǴһѡһԴӺͶ͵һ𣬴ҲûԼٹġҲ¸һѵϰߡ￴ʲôĪҲѣѧūһúý̹
ӣҡͷ
ûŰ
Ƶצȥ廨롣
۲˵»ѲϺԼĿӲһȥ
ע˾Ľ֣ǲսˡĶ͹һ𣿡
Ǽѡ˭ĻʲôͬȻͬū澸һѣǰԼĶһȥˣ⡣
˵Ѫܣһȥˡ
ӣӲŮеˡǼûĽǲԭŮӣָĺǲͬղ廨롣ӣ˵֮䣬Ѷ㻣һһ㶵ġվȻˣһϧ˵ʵ̫ˣԶҲûᴩϹˡ
ӣʲôÿϧġ˵ĺĺʲôͬƵģ
Ӧеģ֣Ӧѿ
һ飬һ壬żļ䣬˼¾á
ӣԼɵĻԲƳסʺȷھǰʺ󲻶֡
һ̸ӣʺԥԤУʺƺ˹ķӰѷϵλķǲ˵־ΪתƵģҶᷢðȫʱ
ͻȻиСѾͷ˽̧ͷһϴ·ǸСŮ
ǰ˵ӣǰˡ
ӣüͷ΢һԶǰСŮʲôˣȱţ˵ֻҪҼҹܹܵģһܡӣҲ֪ԼڶеǸʲôġ
Ǵӣӽͻʺﳳˡ
ԭĸӳܣǼ¡Ҽҹְ˿ЩΪѵ˵


642 ˵Ů

ʮ±˵Ů
ʹ湻ҵģôӺһ֮Ȼ㳳
ҪôҸ֮ͥڵĳ´ȥΪЦ𣿡ǵģΪ͹йأū澲׳ŵġ
⵹ˡ
ʺĸӳܣôܺйأ
СѾͷ˵ʲôͺҼҹйˡ˵ҪƵġū澲ңūĲҡ¸˸𣬴ӱˣŸǹǹߵˡ
ʲôйߵˣֻҪҲ㹫ߵˡԵʲô
СŮƺصɡ㣬ٿڡǡū澲һʱߣ˵
˵ǰڹϣ̹ģòޡ¶࿴ۣһŭ֮½ϳȥ
ӣ
λ
۸ôһ𣿡ҡͷ
ƯѾͷȱȽǣС֮ˣҪԼˡڸϳġмֽŲɾģ͵ǷǵģЩ͵ӣǸ˹ǮŽǲɢģ֮ǰһͷ⡮Ҳûڱҥ¡
ӣҲ벻ԼʲôΪòϳȥˡ
üţȻԷô˵ӦЩϵˡ
ͻȻ䡭
ǲԺǸѾͷԺɨصǸײԴˡ
ӣһͷˮ
޹ؽҪС£̫ġ
Լ䣬ƺôһδõģ겢û˵㵹ʮָȤºŮ˰˼ҷˣش˳ȥ
̫ԡһ˵´ŭƣѾͷĲ֪жˣȻΪۣʵڿɶѾͷǱͽ¥ˡȻԼѾͷСͺúȥź˵Сɡ
ʱһ˵ǵ׿˵ġ
ͷһ⵱Ц˽˵Ρ
ѵ
ӣϡŮӵģȷмɫԵʱŻ÷꿴ϣϳɡ
ѳ񵱳ֶΡ
ǹʲôӣɼǲ塣ʲôҪҪǹıͽ˻¥ôĴӸϣ
ƺױóһۡ
ӹ˻¥
ǹǹУԼһǿġ
ԲӣòΪĿ˺ֵ˵ǡ
ǲǣغܿˡǰˡͰҼҹҲûʲôðųȥˣ͹ûʲôϵˡСѾͷ
ū֪֮ŵΪԭúõģŻʺعߵĸ˷˿ڽǣͻȻʺﷴĸִ
ӣˡ
ԭΪʺάԲŪĸʧ͡
»ˡҲȥغܿʺˡҲĻһʡ
ӣϲԼһʱ
ʺߵӣū澸߹£ʵ̫֡Ҳûӣ鲻ŪӲĵġ
޵˼䡣
ǴӸλˡ
Գǹȥˡ˵ڹʱӣٰ۸Ϊòǿӣӣ֮£˸ֺİӽ˻¥
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֪ŭΪˡŮĳһʮ֮£Żᴦ
ӣлֵ㡣
ҵԼǵйôһˡҴõģԴõġ
¶Ц⡣Ȼ´õĸˡ
˴ʺʹӸһʺǣǿЦЦշΪѾ͸ˡ

վסʺʹͬʱڡӣһ۴ӣʩʩȻʺʺеӣ֡
˵֪Ǹù˵㻵һ
л
ĸ󣬻ɲ˵ôһüüͳʡ
ˡһ¼СҲͳᲢۣ˽Ҫ֮ʱؾȻΪһ¥¼ԼĸִһһĴ
ķأʵʺʧ
ɵӣʹĻأܵһʵ
Ȼɱǿ
ⱲӲǷлƲȢôŪôһС㲻л֪ⱲӶûᱧ˹飿


643 Ц

ʮ±Ц
ƶǴҹ㣬οʵԱݣ˵һʮ˸ƶҲ˵ʲôġҪʵ۵ˣĸʵۺ󹬲
ЩĵģؾԼר顣
Ϲһ˫ƱĹĹˡ
Ļ˻ȻԼ֮ڣʺѾ֪Ҫݴʱˡ
㡣ֻҪķƶԸ⣬һٷСĸҲܡ
£ҲҪĸײġĸģһ飬ȡЩĸʺ۵İڰ֡أ࿴һ۶ķ
лƻյСʺֱĺӻǸʲôģ
ôܻѪԸزӡ
ѻ˵˵¡ָҲܶǸСġ߷ءף˸ʲô
ĸ󣬻˵ôǺТĸģÿζöʺĸ󡣡زԸʺڮԼŮˡ˰ɣʺ򱾹ܶ໰ꡣ
Ҳˡ
ҲǸƢġ
Ȼʺ׽̵ΪҪҪػ㣬ǻʳӰֻ˰ͽķݣҪȥǣˡ
һµĸȫµ˶ҪֻҪܾͿˡ˭߹ȻʺԻмλֵܡ
ɷѹ⡣
ĸǻʺ
죬ǿ̫ˡ
˭ܺ˭ߵĻҲǰķֱ֮ѷһڡָ۵ףûʲô
˵۸ģ
Ѽġû˵ӣصʹ졣Ӧӣĸʱ
ƤҲı䲻ݶŮˣȻϲû۹⡣أԡʺȳ⡣
ĸôóԡôҲλȻ˵ʲôˣĸҲأǼѼ³裬ʲôͷ
ʺҲ˵ֻ
ؾñˡ
ʺĸӦվߡ˻ʵۣҪ̫ġû̫ܵ
ʵϵŪˣûʺ޻Ρ˵ȥˣվԿ̸ûС
ﲻض¿ϲǸȻôϲұ˵˵ǸԭԺз̵ŮԺŮûһҲаʮֻΪòǿңұ㿴˳ۣѣһʲô鶼ˣֻŮˡ
عҶαòȷʵʤٱ
~ʩ㵹ͦˣԼŮ˲ܺڰ׶Դֻܻš
ʤòĹǧǧԼģԼҲԼҪһŶƯƾһŲòѾߵˡòЩҶԼǶһծ
ʺ󵭵Цˡ
ӣأŭʺ泩
վԼϵ⣬ʺҲ϶ӵ¡
ӣʺʹ켫ˡ͸÷سԳԱ񡣡û۾
ȻȲôӶĿǾͼɡʲôҶûֵǰʱҶ֪ԼԺﻹôһɨѾͷΪԼмɫһᱻգԹⲻӣǰʴʣ뱻׶ָģ˴ְ¥˼ЩɲҵĹͣΪţ»һʱ֪һ۸ֵͣмɫܷ֦ͷɨѾͷһ
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СѾͷƤӵ
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644 Իٳ

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645 һ

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647 

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648 

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ҲǿŷسģʺοطأҲοطأۿŷʮύ˸ָѣԽưʺĽ̵Խıۣǿʹϣĸʧ͵ġ
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ĸȻװŸʣһ㸸ʰɡҪȥˡ
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ͷȥʺԼ˶ʮŮˣֱʱϸʺ
ģһ۱ܿ׵ĹԼԼһμʱǸ껪Сվüͷ΢Źʡ

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Ϊһһ֧
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˷غ꣬ٴκ
ŵǻڼ˼䣬޹̤һ
׶ʮ꣬δϸ
ģˣȻƽ͵ϸˡ浣Щꡭ޵ˡ
ʺǸŮˡ෴ģǿеԲݹ¼šԣһ۸ۣҡҡͷǱǷޣû˭˭֮˵
ִȢġʱ򡭡ʱֻõϵ档룬ֻȢҵŮҲŻһһİҡĳϣĴڣҲҶҵҪЮ
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ʱʺʱǸֹеСҽĴС㡣

ʱƵĻӷǲ֪и÷˵ģȻ֪ˣ¸߰Լܸκι
Ҳһݶĳɷаɡ
Ǽ޸˷
߹ԼʼհһԵõȨƵĹߣҪʱҪʱ㽫֮߸
ԸȢˣԸ˶ӡ
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ôֻ꣬һʺ󵱺ãβܰѻʺ֮λøǸŮˡ
ΪӬӪԼĸ£ҪŮӵıʡõʲôʺԼһӻĲֵԼίͷһ޸ġ
ʱҸңԸ⣿Ҹֲʮ㡣˵ʲõģƵһһҸף˵һƴҵģ˵ȻܸݣĸУһġ
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ʱΪȢС㣬վߣȷʵ估
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ΪԼҰģǧټȢšȢ־߸ϣ
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ǻǼĻˣʱһ겻档ڹʱʱׯλдԱŮ졣
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۲ϣֻҪԶԶʺðġ
ʺ㱣ɵԳһЦЩһӣˡ
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һˣ鰮ƺҲˡֻ;ȣй޹ҲԼӶֹԭ
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ľΡ˽̫ҲˡЩ¸ѾŲڸԼˡԭľͷߵľȻֻ
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ΪϣҴλض
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Ӳ̣֮Ըضֻܹ¿ķϣһΰɡԲˡֻЩ꣬ЩƫĴӣضԽľԼ᧿ΣղաǸЩ겻ףضһ
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ǰܾԼǸëͷСӡ
ʺƺû뵽۾Ȼ˵Щ
ôô룬Ҿ޸µһ̣Ⱳӣֻбһˡ
жɵŻ㿴ޡңֺαؼ޸ҡô꣬ҾȻδЩ浣޸㡣֮Ҳơ
۲˺ܾãڵķڲ࣬ʱˣԽĵˡ
ÿ¶涼
ҲˣٲΪˣҲԽķӦٲøڸӡ
ĽģᣬֱЦʺʼյĶׯ߰÷ʵʺûкͷֹ֣Ϊ÷ж֮࣬ڽĵĻ³
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ΨеһΣҲΪ̫ôߡӦûʺУƫƫͻʺ·
Ҳɨ˵ӣδһëĺ۶̾硣ܾίȴ˵֪㡣
һȣԽõĿ
žԼԷʵƫҲЩ޵þĻȥɱأͬʱҲþĻȴ̵ʡ
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ƺҲá
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ʱʣлƴͻʱʵ͸ʱһҸ׵Ŀɽ
ۻˣյͷ
һλᣬܿԼıµõл֧֣黹лء
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ӽ첻ɡ˸ɽ޷˵лҰ
㾡˼ʦ̳һķʣȻҲʧġ
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ӣֻһܿá
Ǻ͸Զһˡģĺãʮʱ˵ŮࡣԳ͢洦
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ЩҲ֮١ֻҪ̫ƽַ죬
ֱʱųؾ겻էһ꼸Ҫϲˡ
òɼʢеĿΣǹƺܺõкòһȱ壬Ǽʢòġ
ʱѾɲԥˡ
ʺǰӣڸۿǷһֱʱžñ˴ǻ
˵ҲǺЦ
һӶڼܺʺ׽ɵ֮ʱߵŵġҲֻ
ļ컯Ūˡ
浣޿ʱ޶ˡǰһҪи㡣
ⲡֻҪúþһȬġ̫ˣȵ괺ů±ˡ
ҡҡͷ㲻ذοˣ޵Լ֪ûðˡôţʹࡣ޵ϣԼߣҲѡ浣д˴λگ飬ڡ
ûҵ
Ҳ֪ǲǸǰ֪Ķ򣬽ˡ
˴ҲδҵöԺٴλص޹
ǻѼ顣ʺĸˮˮСʱʹĸΪʲôȥĸ޹ǰ԰ڣ˵ж谮ĸʱ˵ǳ֣ǴˣǵܵܣСҪ۰ҾȻΪ棬Լ湻ġȻЩ길ʹң֡˶˵ʳǸʲмܽҡ
㸸ʡʺȳ⡣
Цʡʱҵɶӿˣطʣʦ̵ʹΡҾڸгԺ֣Ҳ䡣ĸⲻǳ裬Ǻ
㲻ѧˣǻʳӣϽ֮ģ˭ţضͷɡ
ؾ˶ˡ
Ȱͷ˵ˡˡ˵ĶģĸʣõĸۡһһһҲ׵ġ
ĸȻվǱߣȰ֡
еĲңԴڷĮӡ
뵽ֱͦ˼żַ񲡣÷ʵ̫ӣƫԸʡŶܺʣʣģб
֣ʵˡ
һЦű߹ȻһӰ
Ƿؿģӷʡ


661 

ʮһµ
ֻĻȸ¶ˡ
ʺһҲʵĳ֣һֱûжⱾͲ
ʱʣʺ󷴵һ
ղŸ۵Ķʺ󿴷ʵĿҲɵƽ˼֣ûյײøۻģ˶λͷ׵øƫҲˡ
֮ײͬڸ֮
ݰأĮ
ʡ
ǳܣֽ硣ĪʱĿڡ
ȷصļֳ꣬ص򶨡
ֻǣ۵ҰĲĻ⻹ƻš
ôĹѾ˹šзӡǴΪƵ·ˡڣֱ˵죬˷˹ţǴ㡭Ӹжλ𣿡
֪ʡ
һֻèһֻڴè󣬹Ƿݲ񼸺ҪǫǫӵĿӿХ
ص˷˹ţ˷˸޵
غʺֱ׽һҲķĸܷ
ǸģĸĵʺʺһУ¹˭ֱ㵱δ֪ˡʺ֪ʲôаȻûвһƷλȻ֪ԭ򣬲ּɡ
ĸӱڸ޹ֱҲ
Ҳ̫ӵĲѡ
Ǹʵĵճӣ̫֮λӦҵġλһ˵
ЦǷϡŷճм̣߾֮ˣֵȻҲˡֱı²ã˷⹬ŵͦ˰ɡ
סڡزҰһȵƽշʶĻοʱ
߳ŭˣαءҸҲδѽɽи֡
ʣЩﰵûٺһʼӰڸ˿ʵǸĺֵ֮޳֮ͽǱ˴˱˴ˣҲûͷݺռȻڣ׶ۿһɣҪ˭Ϊ̫ӣ
˵꣬ᱩ׵ķء
ǹĸ
ˣøܾˡ
۵˭Ҳ˭磬ŷʼģĸһͨͨɣٿʣҲԼЩô;÷ǿ֮šвŶ񶾣ʱĿȴûж㾴⡣
۾ԼЩ۾Ϲġ
ôͿʵҰġҲֱʱʳˣŸұ¶ԼĿ
ѷַУʣڷпҲûʲôǸɵģתɵӡ
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ǸſģЩڸǰС̵ʮࡣ
ȻյĵʮڲͬɫĹѣȻûĹ涨ɫֻлʺáŷķޣ˫ŵΣԹǵۺרװ硭ֱǳ
Ŀ΢
ʲô
£ô磬ƯЦӯӯʵ
Լʲôݣѵ֪Խʵڲ񻰡
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Щڱǰſ޶ȣһʶˡüҴװȥһǰıʸӾҪ
ǵʹ
ʽǻΪۣ̫
ͷҲԶи̫ѹ
ﵹӰֱΣЩؿչ룬ζɺã
ʺɫɷףȻ㲻ܡֻҲ˵ĳڣסڣܵĻҲ˵ĳۺȳ
ƽ͹ԵֻèƵ˵ǰˡ
ǽ졭ֻЦɨһ۸ۡºα˶ŭ檲ǱŮˣʶǱ۰Ķӡ˵ĸӣⱲѾԲˡ
ϹۣŻˡֱʧ͸󴽽ѸЦ⡣ˣʱˣɱջǸҡ˵ҲȢջȢ浡᣿ˣֻᱻۡڱǰᣬΪñ¶ʶЩ
ΪһǽĳͶʶλ檵οϣٸʶһλᣬǱȴ檲ԴΪء


662 ȸں

ʮ»ȸں
֣ʲôдֻ֣жӷʡ
ֻҪӺãʲôȥǺŷзӰ÷
Щ꣬ĸڹеλ׿ȻʺĸǰҲԶǵʺԶҪʰڡѹʺһͷˡ
ʺĶǸ
ĶȷǸ̫ѡ
֮ڸûǰΣڸǰ¶ĿȻΪѾȷ̫ӣǷʡ
ǰ񻶡
ʰ²һСﶯ֡ѵˣ
ΣʶǱµĶӣǳϣϽãǹͣϷС¾ȻΪһѾͷʶϺͿ˰ɡ
󵨡ޡٴμŭģһͿȣʺı
ŭѾȥˣϻ˵ЦӮҡõſƬ̰ɡ
ˣûʱˡʱ浣ĵڳǰģⱲӾ࿴ôˣһˣȻ˳޺СֱЦ
Ŀʮ꣬ǰϷ
Σ²޳檹ɶʲôļٵġЩ과ҲԵ¡ʶһöӡñºˡȻҶڣղײգѡɡ´λگ飬ҲʡЩܵšĶ˻ΪԼءأָ˭Զ
Щڸʶ߰ŪǷǣߵڰסû㣬ʺĸҲˡ
Ҳ֪һЩֻʼȻûʡ
մҶˡ㴰ֽҲͱˣԾ͸ĸЩɡסڣʲôǸóĻӰˣҲҶԱ
סڣڣҲֵõſ񡣡ӱ
ʺʱ
Щһʺ֮λѡûӣ˭ڱǸĻļ֮ˡ±¶ıһЩΣ¡ʱ޶ˡ
֪ιʺ
ǰʺǰ԰ڸ۶ĳ谮񡭡ˣ˱ǰʲôã
ʲôǰķʡ
ǳϷֱ̫ÿˣõȡ޲øۺʺ󱧳һŴһ
죬Ȼޡ뵱̫÷ʵ̫ӣ롣
ͿһѪǻѪգǳĻҲ˵±СӡҪҲõ˴λگʡҵʶλӣĸΣѵҪ¹͸Ƴۣ
ޱƳʵۣҲѽɽСĸӣİɡ
㹻㲻÷ѡ
ȥǰ㣬װԼˣһ꺮ůոگ
̲סˣʺǰüһ̣Ҳ̲ˡۿˣȫ֣ѵʺĸܷ첻ɣ
Щ˵Ů
Ҫλһ߰һߵͷ˵һ죬ʺġ
⻰˶ʮꡭ
ԵжԸҲǺ޵ġͬʱۺ³ΰס磬Ϸġ
Ը۵Ļѹû
жƳۣġ˵ĸӽЩ⡭ɱѹ˶ʮ꣬ڳͷˣѵǸ˸ˡʶ˭ܵûʵۣ£ɲڵĽɽЦλگ飬»ǿдɡ
ЦȰ
ʺǷѾû·
̫ܿǰҫˡ
һУҪˡ̫ʹƹܣսʤ浡
¶Ц
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ĸ˵Щ˷ϻλӡ
ӣͷһпǧʼλ¡ڰ಻ס֡
ˣǵǸ۵ʺҲһ֮ɫ
üͷԭѾסˡڹģˡ
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ӭϷɻĿ⣬ЦŽ벶ȸں󡣶ֲؾȡҲǸʵĶӣȻѡ̫ӣҲʸһɡ
ʲô㲻˵Ψհ𣿡
ֵܣͬΪʲô־óܾ͸ΨհʵϵЦѾɢˣʵĿ⼴ҳŹλε


663 Թ

ʮԹ
صԴưʳӵмˣҲֵͬܡ
ԷȻϲأҲ
Ͼѵü棬ڳϻʸǷʲͬưԷͷZѹƣƺʮϲʹǣǰзZʱܰһжƸZǸɵСӷҲףҲԼǲʲôá
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ԼÿʵСˣһһˡÿΰ£СƵģӻ֣ʾпɡ
лĻһδ
͸ߡֱʱɸ߸ϣĿɴűģƺĳЦ
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Ϊ̫֮λض֣Ρ
СӦ档Цŵ
з磬ֻǽŶֵڷͷЩжֵǰ棬ӹĺǰݡƽԹʮ仰а˾䶼ڷԸZ£ûϵһȫսȻ
һ仰ѷ˵ıɫ
ͷβĶΪԼվܺϣ롣ʲôǸͬͷβĸȻʱð£ʱ˻ȥ
Zɫ͵һ
ǲвͷβǽʱơĸȻ¡ʺﶼƣĸκ͵ȡϲ˵һ仰Цһʤߡ
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⵱ǲѣһˡֱⷬ˵ĵһ㶣һȻƺ˺ӵĴϷһִܿĻǰһ磬ĵڷǰֹ״ĺȵаСˣЩǲһֱڱǧټƻҶĴ£ǲǣ
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͸һɭ·ʱ
ƺ۲ͷ˲۶ڸмСĶӡ
ѾǲСʱû
ƺǱģĸҲĵóꡣӡУСЩͷԣǰƺԶվֱ˶ӣĿҲģһӡ
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˵ԼС̳ĶӶ
ʱ޵ĺģķԽ̤ˡ
һתۣôꡣͷβСޣ˵ֱͦˡ
ĿڲٶɸһҲ˲ʲôӣһĶҹȻ췴λ
ӡӡ㾹˴󵨣Ǳƹ췴
ЦЦ˿۵ָڷͬһ̯⣬ֻǿܴǿȥҲЩؤÿ١
ֺͶãΪʲôã̫ƫˡˣʱвԭƺҲûеڶ·ˣʻɡ
롣޻ѽɽСͷβӡ
ɫȥһͷβһͷβ⻰ֱӣڷϣʹѡ
̣ڸų
Ŭڸı㡣
ֻǰŬ֤ȷغͷʲ
£Ҳá
ɸ϶ͷβǸùС֮Ȼˣձø۴۽硣
һ֣л롣
طԸѾ˷ֶס
ԣ˭Ҳ
ЩЦˣڳĽ


664 Ѫ

ʮ¼Ѫ
ʺŸۣҲûӲˣʺԼŸۡ
ǰʱʺ󹧾˸񡣡ЩδǸ֪ͼģҲȻΪ
⺢ӣôҲһοء
Ȼ֪ʺΪûǰ㲻һ֧ԼĶӣ෴ĳΪֹأֻһ㣬ʮ
Ըһʹ
ͬշֵܡ˴˷֣ʹһ˵Լڵ¡
ʺһֱΪǸȻ࣬ȴТ˳ĺӡ԰ܵʱ򣬷ԶߣӲֻ¶һСԴȥͷˣֻЦҡͷһӡ
̫ˡ
ʺʼ޷ǸСֻ֪ĸĺӺǰģ·𼴽ʵĽķһ
ߵһĻ·
ʺͦЦģǻλЩڵǰ
ǸǧѷֻҪһһҪַλǷʻλĻᶼ
ʺûУȻػʺ󱾷ݡ
һһϴ㡣ȻЦ÷壬Ϊʺ󣬲ʺЩȰοȻҲ˷ġ
л˶ʮ꣬Ҳʹһءʣڴﶯ֣ʶȤЩǹԹԽӡԻỹʡ
ʱʱȥҲܰġ
ӡӡλȻܱ̫ƽˡ㣬㵱޳ܡ
ޡ˵޳ܣɲҺ͸ʲǡΪ˶λ˶¡ֵôʾͲܽˡҪ˵Щ길ʽ̵з̳ĶӼֱ͸ʳƵһС
Ҫ˵˲ȻԽطغͷʡ
꣬ȻͿȼһѪĭ
ʺɫþ˴ǡ͵ڣǡʤ㽫Σɱһ̫֮λ¶̤ʵ
ģҲɱ˵ġֻǽҪίʹˡģⱲﶼ֮ˣĸҲԶ֮¡ġ֪ͼ
֪ͼҵУԵЩ
¼Ʀӡĸ¼̳Ķͬ¼浱ǻʵۣ˵˵̫硣ҰһѿĴ
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ÿ˶ԼСžţû˭˭ĵġԺʹΨʺδ
УʺδСʱÿοָʳŮչ˲ܣᴦŮ
ûߵһλʱֻʲǿƾʲô͸ñݺȻ䵽̫ƽ
űˣҪĸ¶Щ÷ƽֱʱʵûʲôòƽġõģѾԶԶʧȥˡ
İӣ
ุѵƳۡ
зZֵܡ
лʶ˴ֵʺ㹻Բ
ʱıǳӱȥİӣ˼Ҫûʲôʹʲô̫֮λʱ˵ӣһͷҪ
ʺƺĹƼûΪ
һΪĸɸ꣬ôϢڸ޹
˲֪λͼλ֪ЩԼС
·ʲôûзֻǵ޹ű˵ȥʺʱʺҲδһ档
عһ籵޹ϡ
۲أɥʧĺܴæȻǲزΡ
ЩȻ⡣ȥӣֻǡ
Ƹ
뿿ţƳһԡʲôظ֪֪ҼҴ⣬˶ٶӣ
鲻̫䲻ԸƳô֪ƴҪˣԼŰԼŮ˸ͣ
Ǹ˹ˣڳ»˭֪ؾˣʲôΪ²
ĺĺûġ
ȥӣ
С룬ˣֱǻǣӣ޲ʱɻظС
ǡָָԼʣҪôȥڸ޹꿴ĺܣӹˡ
Ϊ˿ѿˣѪȾʪ˼㡣
ʧѪ࣬һƼҴţˡ
ƳֵİŪݣּȥСҲĿŵң·˵Ϣ©
Ȼگ鼺ѱ˲ޡ
ʱǴ˵Ϣʵա
ڹĺܡ칭ֱǰٲ֡ôˣ˱٣Ȼôöڱ
һࡣ
Ҳ밡壬밢ӣˡ
˹ˡ
ģСֻгֲ鷳뵽ˡ
ضҲӵϢˡƳۿ룬ԼӦ
С֪ҹЩʧѪɥ᲻Ų˵ƴ
˭˭ˣӣ쵽ˡǲǰ·һ塭ɣǲǲһ˳ܣóжٸ߹ѱŮ㸮ͣ
壬˿ۡ


669 ʱ

ʮʱ
ôˣѽѽĽ˿ۡκһˣƳ۾Ькˣɻɷꡣ̫Խˣôһƴûݵġ
һ
ǷƼҵġ
ɲǷƼҵģǷ˻ġ
ʱĺϾ
ûӣʱظֻҳƳŴ쵲硣
ЩԹƴǰֻķݡ
ʵеΡ뿪ǰӦӣԻŻȻûȱ첲ȵģ϶Է˵ֱܴ衣ȫ˵ģɾΪ⡭ôһ
ŰļһˣҲǵ˻ضϹˡ
ڻʱʲô
С˵ĻᣬӦҹƵ˵Ļ۾Ҳʵˡ
ҹŵƳˣƴ˾ôʱԼĸλûλءСһ۱㿪ʼûƬʵ
ʱ˵ʧѪ֮࣬ǣƳۺ޲ԼֻܹҪⲻܻܸʰоҲˡˣƳֻʱˡ
ڵϣϢӣ˵Ļڡ
ƽƽˮȻܰʧЩȤζ
㻹ûңôˣ׷㣬˵żûʱ͡ʱ˰ɡ
ʵͦʱģЩÿߣһʮָмġ
ǡҡķÿͣʲôɵģҿ㶯Ϳʵ顣˵ҲˡƳ۰һϴ顣
Щ˼һǸС֮
С֮÷¡Ȳ˵Σ߻аʮɡСԽ˵ģ
ٸʵף߯ϲˡ
ԷƳۡ
ҲֻӲͷƤʵʵ˵ԣʧ볤Ȼû̫ӰԺйģǡûԶƳ۾Լҹĵļֱι˹
ⲻӳŰ£ȻŮˣɡ
ƫҪѻ֧Լŵ÷µ档
˵ʲôҶӰ밢ӣġҪ˵
ƳۼˣѾλʱӢۣصҾͳɹܵˡεĴҸˣҲС롣Ǹ֡ʱֳ񹭣·ôһҾͳ⡣
˼ֲؼҡƫƫ
˼ҳͰ
顣
ֲҵȵ֮ʱųƵֶ֡
˵֣ˡ
Ƶ˻ӻӣȥˡԸǶĹԱҲǿͷ˵
˵䣬ٻʮꡣ
Ƴۣ괽Ц⻺¶ƣ֮ɫ
ǲؼңʵظðӣŸӣȻѡƳۡ
ڣһоա
ǷػǷʣǷ¶ϡ
һⶼˣȻЩʡٺ鷳¡
ץһضҪʱʱɲǧշ
ֻ˳ԤϡݼʧһҲһµ࣬˻ر
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ӣС
׵ĴǣΪӣٴλ˹һĨ԰ײ̬ٴλ˯ȥ
ӣӵϢûһʱš
Լ㶼棬ȻͭǰͭеԼɵЦȻ۾ĬĬᡣѣ̶һʱ䷢£дüˡ
һľʣʤִʮꡣ
ãղڱΪ̫ˡ
Ǽ£ĺ£ǽӵϢ˲䣬ӣ;ۿȣ಻סᡣʱȻǰԼʹʹЦһһ
޹ЦкܶҪ
ӦģȻ˾ǣΪʲôûл
ѵʱϵǡá
Ǻֱӽˣ
ƺ̫ܣһƳԼʱǶʲô
ضֵϢҹŽӵġ
Ƴ۽ӵϢʱӦú߳벻
ʱѹʱ
ƳӦǰǡˣȻ˳ǣʲôɻΪʲôҪԶȥƳۡ
ҪȥƴסһԼǰǹŶ롭Ǳ˻ǲǱˣӣᡣ
һ뵽ıǣвɡ
ʲôɻ÷Ŷ룿
ˣˣ˸ٲ㣿ʲô鲻֪ӣ˶ѹͷĵġ
Ȼ˲ּ⣬ܷʲô£ӦöѾΪˡ
ظȥĵطޡ
ȥƴ˸ϡ
۾گ£ؾдǵõϢѾʼжˡ
Ȼ֪ͨŴƽһƬƽ
Щ˶ȥƴ˸ϱˡʱȥض˳ӿвдġ
˸ƯȻΪԼãӣһʱٶһʱԼúԼͷʶ֪ٵ°Լ
һ·νǴˡ
ҲǸǽĳ죬Ҳᰵһĳ
ҲУһǧϮ֮·
˵ٹҪЧҪʶ֣š˭˵ŮӲСĿںš
˵طѾʼﱸŮѧˡ
ӣɫʱЩǺԼ
ȻʱŮǵĿģֻǾ䡮˭˵ŮӲСĿںЩϷæ꣬ӣĥתед֣дľ游ӾĴϷҲˡ
Ŭ˼һʱ׼ʱߵ˷š
ӣƼʱƼҴտյġ
һɻӣ˵֮ԳЩƼҿ̫ࡣпˣ
꣬ƼҴű㱻ˡ
˻δ¶棬Ѿˡղ޳Ҳֻйﲻ㱿ˡӣɵЦˣ֪Ƿһ
Ȼɫʱһ䣬ǰһ̻ͷϸأһʱԶЩôϡĺܡһˣֺ˶㣬һŹ
ӣЩ
ڰʾһض
𶺶ˣ㲻ڵʱĽ
ǡµĴµĲһǰƼǰ´ִֿ˿ƷϵĹԱ¶ˡƴ˵˻ȥ
˽֪Ƴ۵ĳ
л֮ҲƳǰΡ
οηʳװܱлŮͷʵ»֪ء
лܶ͵͵ƳһԹˡˣٳ磬Ҳˡ
ﻹŷ˳һ䣬ΪӦЩ󳼣Ƹ˸ŷΪƴʼԼ԰޶˶˱ˡ
Ƕѻɽƴ˿ǵϲͦռط
˵˶Щ׵Ļư֮
һôأôũҷʡ
µͷżҪʱˣȥˡ
ֻӬƵĶŷأ۷ƵΧŷˡ
ƴʮֲмЩʱΪмʾԼŮ껪УԸӵŮͽģŮļֱ˲ݡ
֪ˡ
ǵλߵĳ
ǻƫҪϻڱ߶ʳ
֪
һӣӭԺСȻĲŶ㣬Ѷס
ӣҡҡͷ÷һֱɫģȥܶ㣬ԼԺȥ
Ƴ۵ӭ˳ӣǿЦЦɫá˭Ǵˣ˭ҲǣҲˡƴˣɴ֣һΣƳ۹Ȼ¶Ȥ
ôΣ
ҼװҲˡƴ˿ߡƴ˿ԽһΣ
ʲôΣ
ƺҲе˼ã
ùŶˣΪʲôѪͷ˾鷢ӣԲλ࣬ȥҿ鶹ײһײ
ײʲô
ʲôɡָɣĳڶƺҲͦ˼ġ
ȻãǾͿʼ
ӣͷ
껺۾ͷĿѣʧѪ࣬һʱ̲ϡúõ
ʱӣ
һһƲסϲã·ĨƵ
һôе飬ʱдա
ǡ
ƴˣҲҲˡôңڸĵģʲô⡣˾ȻĹŶ룿
Ƴ۴ȻĻظ
ǶѪ顭塭
һʮҲΪƴˡʫ飬˲ô˼ִͬҲͦࡣ
껹ЩţƲƲ죬ԷԼ۾ŸƳ۵ĸ̡
ƴǱ˶ã
ôôͻûɾ
֮ǾǸɿġ㣬һ
꣺ôĿŵǽĺ


670 ˼

ʮ˼
ӣòˣȥֻиļޡһ;ˡ
Ƴʹ˸ɫƴݵʮ־ˣûͣµ˼
㲻֪ǸСжˡһȰԶԶġСӻĺܣ֪㵣ȻŶ룬ŲѹҿͲ㣡ƳĲᣬѾʼˡ
ӣһεϴƴ˱һ룬ɼηжݡƴڷûռˣԲšǨŭƳ˵ķŶ룬ӣһʱ뵽ӦвɡʲôɣֻҪˣĲűܶܡ
ˡ
ӦøġҲżԵĶ˲¶档
Ͳ¶档ƴ̫Ϸˣֻ˵ϻһģݵƴѾˡ
ڴظ
Ƴۣŷ̫ʹˣ˷ӣȵˮ
һ֮
ǻЦ⣬Ƴ'ľ'ȷʵƴŵĲᣬȻеĻҲ˸ţ۾˼ȴпЦеˡ
ͦȥ
İӣô죿
˭ꣿ˭ڻ~Ū
ôһ˲䣬ԼֵôӣﲻǼֵʵݲӣȥŮ˵ӣһܸõʩչıء˻һԵİѲ¶˦Լһᣬܴܺ
ǡ
վİ
С󣬷ϸĶڷ꿴Ǽ
ӵݷǵû棬ơգŸ߹ʵǱ䡣ɲİƾʲôôȴߡ
ѻλøﰵﺦˡ
Ȼ°չˮȡ겻ԼжУЩܿİѹͷ
һȱ˶áԣһҪᵽ̫֮λһҪȫµ˶ǸûʲôϢȫһеķ£ʵԵ
ԣ˽İӣСһθܵů㱾ܵĽץסԸſ
ӣʲôĳԹڣȴΪ֮ⷽ䡣ϲñۣ
ſӣζܡûӣԸ
⣬ƴԼġʹˡӭӣİôЩ׿ȰӣգϷֱǶʹ˷һͦʹġ
ƴ۾һת鷭ת
Ȼˣôһۡ
áǳ͹ˡ
һǻСأѾͷ߲·ûϢҵȥѵ
ƴͻȻ뵽Լݵĵʹˣλһʮֲʹ졣»ʮƣΪϼơɲ뿴ٿͬˡ
꿴ƳۼƵΣɵҡҡͷ
治֪Щƴ˶Ӱ
˶żܿǸԩҡӣȻǺ޲ʱ˽껳һղôǿǷֱʮˡ
ǡ
˹Ŷ룬ίʵ̫ɶˡ˵ˡҲҪ֪
ô˼ģ񲻸ġ
ӣʼվ⣬Թš
ӣڣõȲ˵ķ귢һ峿⣬ӣԳЦЦԼֱǲ֪νĶ˼ɼˣʲô
Ⱳע˭Ҳ벻˭
Ҳֿģ޸ļ޵ĻЦˡ
ӣżתһ磬бڴߣȥɫЩǺ뿪ǰûʲô
ֻҪϸһͻᷢͬϴ˱
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էһһֱǹֻһۣӣͰѷ²˸ʮ֮߰ˡ
ܹˣû´ĻӦ߸ӦòҹڻʹܵġǰúõģŶ롣Щ⣬ˣֱƸ
ӵ춯Ϣ빬
ȵֺһŤת˾档
ǰƳӦþ̫ѡ͸й̸Ȼ֪Ƴ۵Ŀ࡭ºҲû¶Ҫǳ˼ֻ˵лѾ˼ˡ
Ƿβ°ҡ
ø۶ʧӣǴδ빬Ҳ˴æø۳׻Լ۹⡣
ڹؼʱ¶棬ø¶˾ġ
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ģŸҪĥʹġֻ澳гɳķ꣬ĵص
ǡٸˣ
һʱʵڲ֪οڡӣĴֻҪһۣݳʲô
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һ̣Լſڲһֻ̣Ҫ뵽ӣ˻سʱ飬Ҳ֪ԼԴʲôҩＸǸ档ǣˡֱӵƳƴ˺һ䳰ȷ
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Ȼûд󰭣Ϊʲôؼң
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ļˡ̽ȥӣȻ󲻳ϵĳ˿ڣȻţƺ߳ӣȻͷһ飬Ҳ˲ԼˡˣͺúţҶʲô
ûסӣ֣ſˡ
Ҵˡ
߸ϵ¾ȻϴѲ̫߳ˣ
ֹϴˣһЩ˼Ŀ˿ڡǻؾǰץˣһģΰʿĶҩ۳ηֹҧԾһʿڣЩͲʺӣ֪ˡ
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꣬ۼӣȦ
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С÷ļġ
ĴʵģӦؼҿİӣĹŵ֮ܡ
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۾˵Ϲʿ٣ƻ̸ϣ
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ӣԷغͷʶзɶԷλʵ̫ûڸˣʼն࣬Ψ֮Ǵԡ
ȻоʿҰĲС
ӲӲȻᵣġ¾·ӣ޾
СԿġ
ϣȻ͹ӣˡ
ӣ֪Ŀʱ޼Ƴۺ֪ӣ׼ˡ
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ջǰ಻סˡ
ʮĿ¶֪ݺĻ֮˭ˡϲӦĸӡ
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ʱԸȻʱٶԸ׵Ķࡣ
ģмˡ
Ҳĸϣĸǲ磬ֱӴ
Ч´ĸϡ
ֻڸǰø۳׷
һССļı㽫һλӳͳǡĸ˯ЦѡȻ˳ݺ˵ζתʼڣװԼԴǣö֮˶ΪǸûʲôܻӡ
𿴷Щһֱ÷¡
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ЩӦûڷԱһ˻ᣬΰסڷǰ
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ϲǣˡܳŵΣҲѸġ


671 

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˰ֻԼأɼţӣ㲻ԼһУȴҪ硣
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˵Լ޷ʣʵǺ޵İɣ
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һϷһ޺飬۶ӣҲˡ
˵ҲΪġ
ҲΪ˴˳ȫȴﻥԹһ룬ӣԼǸɵϡ
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ս㲻úõģܺƶ죬ֻǿЩúõһʱ䣬ʢĺָܻܿ
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ıӵĵǺͺ¶£ڡһֱԼȻӹЩҲǰ׬ģǡⱲһֱûкӡҪô죿
ﲻִοԷݣö˵ʮҪ
겻⣬أ˸Ǽλء
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ЦˡһΪԼ˵˷ꡣ˭֪һ̣üͷ˵幫СҡﻹҪСϼꡣʮˣ


694 ҰĲ

پʮҰĲ
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ƳЩܺ͸۶˸൱в֮ƳҲʮָм
ֻǷľƳֵཻǾԼƳ۵ıӻ֮Ƴ۶ж£ƳҰĴ㣬˸۵ĻλˮǴߣһԽΪһ֮֮֮ˡϧƳ۲ûеʵ۵Ұģ˵ͶʧˣȻģƳ۰ʾԻ˶ġ
ƵûȨס
ЩԶ̫ƽҲûĸǷ롯Ҷ֪⣬ʲôѾѷ굱ԼƿصĿˡҲίʵ̫ˣζԼġܡɡ
Щ˸ΪȷʵЩ*ŭԹϻҲΪ˸Ϊ£ǸóһˡƳͷ¹ϡ˵һᶯ
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ﻹŵ̫ϻʵĴء
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˭Ҳûм˵˴˶ףǰ·ضԶ
һƬƽͣ»ʵ۱ƽͣһϲɫȾƳԲ˺⡣żǰƵģҲյȫաǰµӣ˵ģ˵ģڿҲ顣
ƽͣǶԷԵƣҲǷؼá
ڱ飬Ǹ޻̸֮ѳĵˮ©˵飿ǵ飬Ǹġ
ڷǶ˴˵ӹؼұ㲡ˣ˸ٵӣ˵Լɽȥ˿ʱʵûȥǡ
Ǵһӣ󷽵׼˼١
÷ڼʲôʱӳȬʲôʱȥ顣
ŷӵּ⣬ĸˡ
գǸˣЯȥƳյĺܣ˸ƳʰסƴæʱЪڹ
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ӣŮѧ굹ԣŮѧ²һͣ˻λٰѺȦطӺ濪ţӣȥϲŮѧֻҪӣģ֧֡
Ƴᣬƴ˱ʾ˲
ָϱϱ̫ܸˣԵġϱֻɵЦϱҪʲô˸ʲôҪǲҸϱģҲǰˡ˰ŮѧƳ۵ǲԣҲȷʵ糤ǰŮӣ룬ֻ֪廨˵ȷʵǱ
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ܡҼǵֻôߡƴֱ˱ȣαϵλá
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ãã˵ˡ֮ƽȢ˳ǸҪúôʵĽ㣬ССͣ˻ʵۣȢˡⱲҲԲˡ
Բ磬ҺͰӣϰʮ˻һ԰ӣ˵ԲҲ١
ףһ
ӣ岻ã֪ܻܲϰʮ
ԸһУԼȥİӣꡣСӣ԰ʲôϰʮ̰ġ̰ģϣϣӣҳ٣ϣӣꡣ
ˣˣ֪ϱȥİӣɣǰ԰ˣҪȥ˯ˡһΡƳ۰ڰ֣ԼסȥҡͷʧЦҲԼͦЦġ
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ȫ˶֪
Щôӣĸ顣
Ƴһ·Ǽ֤Ͱӣİ飬ŻƳǰЩΡ
ڣǳˡޣķһӣ벻ϰʮҲҪǣһ԰ӡ
Ƴ۲Ӽӿ죬ӣˣһҲȲˡ
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ѾСŮˣֻһӣߡôôŸͷԲ̤ʵ
Ѿҵ˺ܶ鷳ˡŹأҽһ춼ЪϢƬ̡æƬ̲ôϢôɵĻʺҲֻ¶˸棬һжҵˡ
ǲӦõ𣿷һ˵ϲһˣӦ룬ӲãȻʡʡ⼴⡣
һ˵ʲôȢ𣿡
ʱˣӦúܿҪˡӣɵЩţͶЦƺܻĽš
˵ЩˣȻǵһξôҲǴԽģǼ档䣬ҲӳֻҪ뵽һϲ;СƲסķ̡
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ӳ£۽ǺЦ΢
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ԲܴѲʬ꣬˸µһεˡ˻λȨأءôŵˡ
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١ãҶԸ⡣
ӣʵ̫˵黰黰ⷽƤЩȲ÷ͭǽڡöԸ⣿
öԸ⡣һӣԸ⡣黰ӣ˵ѾʮֺƤˣȻҲףɫ˲ˡ
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696 ˻ϲ

پʮ˻ϲ
һֱŮɫأƳǰԣⱲӾһ
Ȼͱƴ˳ˡ
ôϲһ÷ò˼顣
ӣֻﶼáòãӺãƤáֻǶţܰԼȡ
ӵӣ˾㶼ڣҲһ¾֮ʵ뿪ãӹĸڡңֻھǡȻΪʺ֪в⡣ӣ㡣˵ʲôɵ֮˵ʲô۲۵ġϲ㣬Ըһұұ
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ɵҵ๫еĹﶼԸ⵱ɵġ㲻֪ģǸòĹβ졣
㻽ʲô
๫举˲ôƺԼ𣿡ӣЩ˼С͵
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Ŀ⽥ȾȶȣӣһϲĵСӨףټϻ๫ﻹߵ飬Ǻӡ
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ϲžϸϸĻ𻨣ֱж˵ӰӰĳġ
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ⳡλ˵Ǽȵļӡֻ˱ҪĳķһдӼҪֵĹԱͰǴʧ뵱ȻΪλ¶λʱߵǾĬ·ߣڵǻˣѵôףһοȢĻǳ
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Щ¹ԱпԼŮŮá
ϲ֣ɸӣ塣ӣӲŸɫİžһ죬ӱˡ
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ˣܴͷʱΪһŮ˶ˡⳡӺ⣬£ɻ·Ƴס֮
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ЩˣŮȴƶûȾˡƳ۴һӣ˾ơ
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ʲôʧģӣͺ˵ˡ˵ԼоӲ̫ãǰ˾ƣټϻæµһ죬ĸȻûܿܰٹٳЩźշлġ
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ƵģҾôһŮ񱻷ˡһʱ䣬Ҷ֪Լȥˣﻹǻؼ磿
Ȼؼ磿ܷĳ
ͷСǺƣ֪ŮһġǾġִˡҺͷ궼ûЩǣᰲġ
⵹˻ҼҹŮʵСʱˡҺֵܼûŮҲ֪ôӦҸ˵ֻôһŮֻҪŮˣʲôʡ㽫ɱ˷ŻҲֵܼšСЩ޷죬ֻҪԼϲĶͶԼġ
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Ϊⳡʣ˺ܶࡣҼο־ܡ
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СｿЩֻ˾ÿɰ
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ǰɣҲʱĳɰЩᱧҵĸ첲Ļ
ӳˣܹġҲͦģһǸСųġȻŮǱ϶ĵġϧ׵̫ˣǼλֱܶȱϲơѾдӿͻˣذӺܿҪͻˡ
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ӦûϴޣȻԽס
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Ҫ˵Թ˭ֻԹԼѡ
ȴƳӣŮ㡣
ӣΪϧƴԼʼּʡõĻǰʱΪʲôĺáΪʲôڳʧȥĺá
ΪĹں
÷׺ܶ顣
̫֮λֲġ̫ӣԶۿ
̫ӣҲ޷࿴١֤ȷǿ֤۹Ǽõġ
֤ʵҲ֤ʲô뿴ڣԳӣǾԼѡ˷ġ
գ֤Ļᶼʧȥˡ
һͿأһŲòȢлơ
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һѽЩյյȫϡ
յʹ˹ǡ
ġû㶯㡣ЦŶл˵


697 ɫ

پʮɫ
лһѳͷϵϲƯԵЩ
ȻϲңαȢң
ΪʲôȢôҲةҵǧݣȢ㣬ȻҪȢ
ϲĹﲻϲôȢ˭˵ν
ǰԼݣǺӣһȣʰ·硣ϲһ˵ʱͷζϲһˣǹӡĺ÷·һΡˣŷԼȻڲ֪оѾװĵס
Ѿ޸ˡ
Ӵ˺޿ܡ
ֻҪ룬̲סЦЦԼ
ģֻҪϸЩôΪǣǲһжı䡣Ѿ֪ԼⱲӻΪʲôˡ
λҲ÷ƿɳµĺܡ
ƺһӣκζ˵ʧȥζǵԼܻһ˯ѡ
һС
뿴ӣ޸꣬뿴ĸ񲣬롭Ȣлơ
ֱǻҡʣúݡԼ˵ôҺݣ㲻ݣȥ*Ǹܣ˼˾ӣҡлҾȻ˵Ƿ˾µ㣡
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ֻ뵽лͶͱ궼м࿴һۣԼȴȢʾЩġ
ǾӣЩ̹̹
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лҿ
ŷҲԻлҿġ
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żʻãߣֻǡ
ǴҹЩҲġ»ӱǵ͵Ĵҹ㣬ǴŮĸ׽̵зƷòϳˡ
ƿϲ㱻΢סˡ
û뵽Լ˴ʧݵλȻȢôĹ뵽ʺЩʱ˵ƴ˱ý
صʱʮֲΪȻƳ۲ϲܡ
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΢΢̧˾
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ЩȲ˹С֣ЩŤ󣬿ɻ˽ػ
ƮƮȻ˴ᣡ
ҹףո·һ㱡ĹΡУ˻ϲǡ˿ʧ䡣
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Ů˯ѵʵڲʺ˿
ӣһգȻûڣǷƺ֪ʲôӣСһ߱˼䣬ľȰգһֹˮƹˤ顣
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ʱӣ껪ŽµС̻һŰֽԺֽеīգȾ


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̫Ҳȥӣ֪겢ĸɽӣǲ¶棬Ǵȥʵ̫ʧˡ汾ʹԷĸʧͣǻΪأĴȻ˲ɱϾϡ
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ףӭ¡˵ҲԵ֣СҲ¶ӭĴɩӭ£ǳˣ˵Ϊʺ󣬶ϵĹȴûжӣǰ̫ϽЩ
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һӽʳֻǿ·ⱲӵȨʵȨү
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֪ģҲƯһѶӵ˩ĽģżʱԷš
ʱӣݺȲǰػҪ¶ȣ͵ģ̫ԼӲԶˡ


699 밲

پʮ밲
ʵԲֻЩ걻ɱ߸ŵĶЩ׸֮ͽȨƼʱЩΧһʧȨƣЩ˱ɢˡʺƤĥһ㣬ڽˡ
һûȨ֮ġƺҲˡ
ǰý˫ǸĵģֻԼʱһ۾⡣Ǽ̬һջˮӣߥȥȥᣬ˵ʲôǻʳӣӦ̫ӡǵ̫ӣᱻ˳ЦǸģмڶÿ촵߷磬ټЩøԶĸǣշزŻա˼ˣ֪Լˡ
Լ»ӱЬ䡣
˵ҲڸˣĸҲˣֵԺʵǼ¡ֱǲĺ¡̫
̫Ӿεеĸǰ̾ģ̾Լ࣬˶ʮʵۣûйҲпͣȴĶӶȡ
̫Ȱ˵ЩԶ̫ΪԲĹԺǺЩԷɱסֻ۷ʣͶһЩΣ̫ܵӣǶһ٣ٶĿ顣˷Ϊ̫ӣ¶ᷢˡ
СͲԲģԽĲϲĸӡǨԽĳĬԣ;
ZǸ˵ģСӴֵģ۶ֻ۾ֻ۾ЩZŵ㣬Ҳ÷Zꡣ
һǷˣС䵭ʱǸ۹һЩ˵ͲСôˡĵȰοۣеĸڹ˼Ц⡣
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ףǴˡԺ¿ɵö˼򲻿ǰǰ³çˡ¶ϱǳӭ£Ƕµġ⻰Ҫǿŷ˵ġ
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Ŀת꣬üһֱŵЦ⣬̫΢΢ס̫һ̾ͻȻ˵ķ꣬ѺŹڹ⣬ַŴԺ߳һͷССŲ֮⡣ΪڣĿƺлҪջǻͷ
ûб⣬Ҳûкԩ
Щ̫ܻǸƯʱ룬Լö֮ӦòϧͻһҲҪӡ
ʱ꣬Ըпϲãϲá
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СҲûܹĸ
ǰΪȫµĸ׶Ƶģʲô⡣ԭǣĸ׿ԺᣬĿô顣
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ɱţ㻹ûءһһġ
ĿԴˡ
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ʱУ̫תߵŮԼΣŮصЩ԰ף鲻á̫ƺǲģԼȥͭǰգͭŮһ£ɫȷʵŮ˵԰׵ķ·òú⣬Ҳֻˮ˿ԵøЩ
겻ΪԶ㿪
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Ϣˣǻ˻ʵۣڵûرʱôԶԼ
һȻѡףȻٰ㲻ԸȢǸš
ΣҲôų밲
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лű
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ū澵ĹʧﲻԸ·ģԲūȥҽū澲ū澵ĴиôūԸ⳥
ֵӡܺ޵ĸȣū澣ū֪ˣ½ȥɣ⼸һֱ߶ű¡ֲȥű£֪æһίһǿƽ⣬Ը鷳
ǷǵûɫЩ¶һĨЦЦ顣
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ݺݵĵͷǡһֱǹű£Щ˴ͱԽˡ
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ⲡװ˭
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700 Ļ̫

߰Ļ̫
Ȼ˵Ҳ㡣ȥʮ
ִʧɫʮҲòзϡūϹ˵ģϹ˵ġû˸µ̫ĸӸ顣
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ǣĸѰĵŮĸܷġ
갲
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꣬ԺֳǺҼסʵûиõķӣԸ࿴һۡ
ѹͷǿԼ
ΪΪ˸жĸĹϵָ˵ĸ֮ûиҹ䵭Ϊ˱ˣıԣǿ󲻵á
İõľ÷Ӧԭ
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Ҳ֪γɵģӣԻ뷨Ȥӣ֪ʱôģһҸơ
ȫΪģȫ˶ðȫŮ˶С
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ʲôʱȫȡ
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ӣ˵ڣĵĻ̫ʳǡǲ״£ϢĸΣʮ»̥㲻ܲʡڹ
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ӣһֱͦλֱʯҽǺͷżû뵽˵Ļǵϲô컽ʯҽʯҽһڹְҽԺУְܽĶЩϵģʯҽһλġ
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ضˣȥ̫˵̫޷ˡʯۺվ淢ʩһҲ档
λҲϤ
һ굽ͷܵòʮذ˻صģҽԺҽԸǳҽԸĲȻ䵽ͷϡ
ÿֵĲʵһ̽ɶëûСеķװװǺŮ˹߳ݵϷ룬ʯҽüֱĪϰһҽҪģɲŮשߡ
ʾ԰ĲЩ
ûٸʯҽӣֱʯҽȥˡ
ȻҲûڲϸиЩһֱʥ죬һ״ء
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Уֻβˡ
ЩҥԣҶ
ʯҽ˼ŮһݡкܿƺʯҽΪζ
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ǶٶݿưˡȻߵģ߷۴С֪֮塣
һֱᣬϡĸ֮ˡ
ǰ֪ˣҲΪ̫ˣŶӵζز̫ܣƢƺЩϲӵİϷֻҿû˼һ档Ҫ֣֡ҵҪֵһ
һ˱Ҵ飬Ȼֹͣ
ܼƻʲô˷Ȼֻܰ֡Ļܼݣ
ɻͬһ㡣ֵֽֿеģίʯҽһǱĳ
Էӣ˹֡Ϊˡ
ʲô¹̫ĴζҪһ¹Ѿϰˡ岢޴󰭣ֻǸλЩʢ¹ٿ峦θҩտθ⼸쾡ٳԶ쳦θɻйȥˡ
ʯҽˣȻ˵Ϲˡ
˵꣬ӣ˼۾
ӣúЦʯҽ仵ˣ˵Ƿ
˼ǻ̫Ƕġ峦θҩһûԶ
ϼȻˡҲССر
ԵͷԷ̻ŮԸҽĻ𣿾̫տճθ죬㲻ҪԶˣⲡء
꣡ӣĸף㲻ҵĻȴƫҪ˵ĻҪ𣿡ʵװȥˣ¶˱Ŀ


701 ʼ

߰һʼ
ʯҽһֱӣͷ󣬾ĵĿŻ̫ݵⳡϷ
治Ůһ쵽ʲô
ӵ˻ʵۣһԾΪŮˣÿȺȲͻʵ˱йټŮļҳ
һ쵽ʲôûװΪЩҽĺ뿴λݼǲܿݼλ»ʵۡʯҽôԵӣҥʲôʯҽʵ̫ġԼͬλ̫εۺϵ̫á
ʯҽֻҽȤ
ʯҽ£ɼλ̫ƽնڡ
װװˡԼԸӣαԸʯͶµۺŷ̫鷳ʩСͣ
ĸˣȻҪץҩҽҽδ֮У
껹ûһӦ
̫͸ʮġô񲡵ÿӡһˡ
ͷ궼ûݣĽӣָλ̫οֲءŮ滨ȷʵѿ޵ֶΣװɼģ˷ζˡ۶һףοǷꡣ
ұȾز㾹Ȼӹҽ֮ԲҽʳǴ𣿷̫꣬ˡ
˲Լݲʩˣ겻ţֻܼӴ
֪Լô䵽ⲽأ굱˻ʵۣ帣ˡͷĹϵȴԽԽĶӣһ졣
һǳǸŮģһǣ
ûĸĺݡҽųĸ밲ĸȻǣǸĸúɡ
úû˼
һһΣֱӡ
һ嶼Ƿӡǰ̫ƽʱλ游;衣
˵ǵıȴڲ塣һдʱ㲻ֻĸٷ輸Ρ֮δζҪҡ
꣬һ
˸˲鷳ڸӣʶ˰
󷴸һҳײΪһ
ĻﶼżƫִΪǣȫ綼Χתӣ˵ǲ񲡣ҩҽ
ӣ˵һѪͳккͣҪȻҲᲽ뾫֮С꣬ҿĸҪһ棬ĵġԼ˵˵ϴθ밲ʲôʱ򣿡
˶֪ĸӹϵĸαΪԼҲΪҡ
ʲôĸӹϵΪǸû㻹ĸĹԶӡôᴦĸһ
վ̫Ϊˣôܲ˵˵˳
ӣ˷һ
»֣»֣һְڵϡǹܱȰöԸ
һЦ˵ˡ
û˵滰ɲסؾΰǰģʩĨġίƺʡɵӣᰴŻõϷߣյĽǻһ׸Ҫˡ
ϣļҡ
ÿμ񿴵СŲǿѹŭ⡣
Ϊ˱˴˺ãǻټΪѡ
֮ṳ̂Ժһ
һ¶ĸףĸ֮ˣܶȫԼĹȴǺǻġ
ԼʵûĸˡÿһΣıһΡ
֣ҪҪΣʵǰϲӣϲӣƹܺ󹬣ȡ֮󹬵һˡڸûõĶ
Ի˵ϴϴ˯ɡ
Ҳء
ĸӹϵĸӦ׵ģĸ֪Ҳ˵ĸ
ң
ûʲôҵġѵǻ񳯳ڽʾ֭ޱġĸΪһ䲻ТҼ֣һ£ĸⱲٿԺһĸҪԣ
ʯҽӣЩԼĺˡ
԰
ʼ˰
ɵÿӣܾλʺǸˣʲô£ƺܻ⡣
ӣҡҡͷʾʯͲؾ죬ɱȴµġȻ˿ڣؽ֮ԺӱҪҰѴˡԺеŮ곤ףҪΪƷˡ
ƽյ˺ôǻծʱˡ
´ûа׳Եͣûа׵õӡ
Щ˵Ĺ澣ҲʺϷųȥǳȥֻܻɡ
ʯҽڴˣʯҽһֱĲˡ
没ǼٲʯҽӦ
û̫һɷƽ͸Ź⣬ԼͷĹϵĺ⣬Ϊ£βҶº֡ǡˣǸĺģԴϡ
̫ƽʮµļҵһ±ˡ
Ǹӡ
ҲԸ̫ĸТκ칫޲ǿֻϣ̫ԺҪСʯҽҽԺÿ̫ƽ̫ĲˣʯҽҲһܼʱΡ̫ģ޲Ǹ֮ˣ޻̫ġ
ҪĽ˼ˡ
̫ȻԴСҲ˲Լݲˣһӡ
ӣѾתĴ뿪ˡ
̫Ҫˡ۾ݺݵĵӣһеʼٸ߱ûʱһжúõġ̫ƽʵĺܣ̫ƽһı
ڹӹҲ㰲ġ
пԣǴӲΡ
ȻѼһ棬СӹĻ˳ġ
һˣû˿ɽһжˡЩ˳ŮȻʼΥ˽ԻؾȻû׷ɴӴ˺һδټ
һУΪꡣ
֮Զĸ֮ģΪǸ
Ի̫ĺֱָӣġ
ӣһŮ˰ˡһˣһʮĻ̫
ꡣʮ»̥㣬ôĸ𣿡
̫δ㣿ں󹬶󣿳һȵλʱûȨζ
鵭ģڻָ̫𲢲ڣӣһšǰһ˷ǰʵǸܺЦĳ档ССĹﵲڸݵĹǰһߵ̬
ȴ˴ǻƽϵɢȥ
ôһ˲䣬벻ܲˣԾѸ¡һһʮ˴ѻӣǲǷˣ
Ȼ״
յǻĲǶ»ʵҲǹľӶࡣ
ʱֳĳ£ֻ˾÷ϻ̫ˡ
ӣԱĶ÷ܿһǡʲôҺͷ˵£
˼ҺͷѾǷˡ±ҵ¡ĸҲҵĸסĸףҵԸûСԷ£˵һҲ˵ꡣǾù¼įŪЩ¶ұұ١ʵôģԷʹ࣬αءֻҪڣһõġֵ½֪أҪǰտڿഫ
ûʱƣһ֮ھǽ֪ʱʹֻ֪һʱڡǴСﶼڴζԴӵġȤ¡ﲻصҰ첻ҸҼǧ˽ޣھǴһ£ܿǽ֪ģʱĴʷˡ˵ǧֻһĸһģԶ¶ֻΪ澳пٳɳǧδǲģ
㣬ˡóǸŮ˷ˡ
һʱǧ˽ϴɢҥԡ
ң̫ʶĸҡ
ûֹ˼ӣʼ϶ŵЦ⣬ֻЦû̫޶˵ľú䡣
ֻûԼĶѵдĶӣ˻ʵֻۣ̫Լ̫ıѵдΪʲôĽ
겻ڣȴһøָʹģвҲɡ˭۸ꡣ
ӣʮСֱҭû̫죬һʱ侹Ȼ֪λӦʶǰﻹʮ꣬վڷǰļʽʮ㣬̫ЩİƺûӣڷǰһΡ
ԼĶӣȴҪŮ˻š
ָоʵû̫ץ
ǴҪĽĸ뾩ĸĽĽʣȵ۵һ㶼㴦𣿡
ˡ̫Ŷһ뿪ʹҸõطǣӴ˺ŪĿɱȹˡͶӱꡣҲ̫ĸǰ㡣ȻܻۼһңҲ㲻

ǰӺֺ꣬˹ᣬ˲֪
Ȼܻ⡣
ĵ³ף̫ᵽĵµĸУӴ˶ӣ顣֪ڡ
ûȵ۳ܳģ꣬ˡڵĹضƣ
⻰˵ĳЩڹӦһȢŮߣóƵۡɷȢңɳ˵ۡڹءġֻҪģ޲Ϊ֮¡


702 Ըһ

߰Ըһ
ӣỹãһ̫ɫԽѿˡû÷ܳɹȢӣΪԭ
˸Ǽ̣ʱ
ֻ̼С㣬ݽֱӷû˻ʼ档ʱۼ֣ܱΪӸ˸ξȻŷȢӣӣǻʺ
̫ĸۣ˸˸Ѫͷ
һŮӣѷԻˣԻ󼸸˸ϲǾ֮͡
̫⻰
Իʣﶼ꣬˸
ʲôϵ
̫Ȼ֣˵ڵĻȴίʵ̫̫Ϊӣһᱩ¶ıĿϴӣǰſĺܡһûӣôſһ棬ۿ㲻ӣǸĵĹˡ
̫ͦãӣӣ񣬺÷꿴ӣνĿһʧˡ
ӣָû˿飬Ҳǣ¶ӯӯЦ⡣
̫һһ̷ѾĿ˿ڡԸⱻʱһӡ
㡭ôʵۣһŮĸǰҫʱˣҪԽ㡭Ȩˡ
̫Ȩƣۻŵʱʺѹƣиơ
ûлᡣ
굱˻ʵۣڰͷˡ
ֶһӣ
ʺ󡭡һ·ƾʲôӣôòģӣõˡ꾹Ȼӣһһ⣬һⱲֻӣ֪Ĵӡ
ԽԽˣҶû˵ʲôĸżĸˡ
ʲôԽԽˣ̫֮λͼֳͷѪѵΪȨƣѵȨƹã̫Ȼ⡣ʵѵΪŵ𣿡
̫Ӳʵ
ȻǶĻûĸͷѪλΪһŮˡ
˿Ȩģǽڹģ㲻ġأʣǶڻȨĿաõλѵ⹰ãǷȴƮƮ˵ӣȨȨˣ⡣
̫⣬Ȼ
ԲŻʳǾ˶ñĻ˭ҲҳԼһŮ⵽ĵز
̫ԼѵĶԣηӦû˵ˣǡǰΪ˱ҺαҪһĸҲʵˡҾΪ˳ʵ۵ģֻе˻ʵ۲ܱʺϱû˸۸ˡĸԺҲҪ˼ˡ
̫Ⱳӵڽһˡ
ȫԷꡣ
вΪ˳Ϊһ֮Ů
ʯҽڽĵôһϷ֪˻ʵ۵ˣ᲻ᱻʵɱڰ
ʯҽһֱЩ֣λӣλӲ죬ȴһ¡ʲôأһУȵӵݳɹ̫֮λԭΪһ
ȻЩ̫ӡ
ж־ǿôҲ˵Ϊ²ȻԽûԽŷ
ʯҽ˷ĻȴԼûпˡ
Ϊ˱ԼˣƴȫϵλȻӭԼ빬ϻʺĸʯҽʯֻװҽҲЩݡ
̫ĵʲô
Ȣϱο̫ﻹǸŵġ
ʵ۳ϱȻλв֪жٳء̫㣬úͳʺ¡
ֻ꣬óԺúȱˡεۺ϶̫ˣǻ̫ȴ뵱֮Ȩ֮ˣֱ롣
ʯҽǿ͸̫źӲƫڡڻڲȻδοŶװÿװҲûռʲôˡȵռʵ顣ͼʲôأ
˵ʯҽ
̫Ȼ֪ɡֻǾڰͷˣüˡЩڹʺ͵ѹһͷ
Ǻ󹬵һˡ
ʥ첻˥ģʥȴ꼻һ֡İڷʱ̫Լ˸ӡ
ǽȴǣм
Ի̫ŻȥҪڳ
ȻҪТӣǻ̫Ļᡣ÷ТģΪŮˡ
ʺ͵ҲҪĤݡ
뷨õģֻʵǸеû̫ĶӵֱԣΪһŮ˲λ֮ģҲΪ˱Ůˣ۸Բʶλ
Ϊ˱Ϊó۸
͸һʺ֮λ
ֱֱǡ˼
ΪһŮˡ㾹Ȼ㾹Ȼ˵ĳĻԵ𣿡
ΪʲôҪԵǣҶԵ㹻ˡҺͳĸ밲ҲˣǻҪ̫š㲻ĸˡ
Ȼ˵ˣ˼ˣȻֱӣ֡
ӣģΪղŵĻʧ񡣱㲻ıߡʯҽһҲæϡСΣӡ
ɲܻ̫ŭ⡣
վס꣬һȴΪһŮ˶ҡǿһĸס
ЦҲĹ˹ǡ
ĺ̫ܺšܻСʱûĸױӻĳˣİӣ飬ѵҪһνĸס
경û˿ͣ٣š
ꡣТӡ
ӣͣͣô꣬˭ҲС껤ͬԷŷꡣǷЩӣһû
ᡣҲ⣬⻰˲ҷֺ
ӣ̾һŷĽŲ
ڷ֮ʱͻȻפס
̫һֱ꣬ȫȻԼ󣬴ʱĻ̫ﻹжֱ֮оøվڼ϶ļӸС
ͻȻפ㣬̫Ķһ٣Ϊˡ˵Ķûüϣ˻֡
һ̣лִǹǰӴ˺󣬲׼̫̤һ
̫ǰһڣΪѾܵļޡһĿɨ̫
ȻٴĿڡ޸ղһܲ˵꣬ͣӣšź¡һӣͷգյĴдѹֲסĿ
ЩŮڱſˡ
֪λĹֻ᲻ޡ
ôġЩǸĵӣҡҡͷܹĸסĸסѡԸԼûĸסӣϣ׵ˣֻһڸӣѾˡ
ʵġ
ѵʱѾȥˡ
ΪʲôһҪأӣ
ǰģƫҪѡ·˶ִܹʵҲҵԤϡҲãӴ˺ұʳǡֻǣٲл˷ˡܻ̫ûһļƻǴѷ겻Т˳вȥǶһЩ겻֮ԣûлˡ
һˣԴ˺޳ͷ֮ˡ
ʱʯҽʯҽһֱĸں档
Ŀ⿴˲䣬ʯҽһַֻĵʲôûֻǸСֻܿĽ벻óۡ
͵ЦЦʯǸ˲š
ޡʯҽ룬λĵ˲š
ƺϵ˻һϷ֪ͨҽԺְ
ҽڹУȻ档ĸǳţʵƺҲûӵ˼
ǡʹⳡȻ󡭡ô̫鷳ʯˡ
ʯҽüȻˡµûаġ֪ʵܣȻ㱻ܡּ
ЦЦʯҽӻ֣ڴ󷽵ķʯҽ
ҪĽ̫
õķӣ³жʱˡȳȶٸҸɽˮĵطȥꡣ
ûĸǲۣ̫ڷвȵ۵һ
ȥѾ御ˡջˣӣҲ˵ʧһˡ
̫֮Ӧܸһˣð˼ڻ¥ˡһŻƵСǳԽԽ֣ӣһ̾
ǲųףǻϲصʱ򡣷²Ҫ롣
룬ȥ̫һԸţȻǵӣԺ
ӣ˵꣬һЦ
̫ģֱӣͷ¶棬ŻЩҲûֱӽʵ档̫һ̾
ЩԽƫˣµ񶼲֪Ҫʲô
ǰõʵĳ谮󹬵һȥ󣬱뵱󹬵һȨˡһ㲻ֱԵ̫ҡҡͷ⺢ӡЩˡǱߡˣȥɡ㲻ͷһµּܲ˵̫岻ѣ


703 ﹬

߰¹﹬
̫뿪ʹˣҲں౳̱
͵̫ͻ̫ͣභ̫հܱɡ
л̫󡣡
һ˺αлǽǳԶԲɡԹٷҪʼװˡǱѾʰ׵ˣһŷظȵꡣǱڸѰŴӴ˺Ұס£иĳˡ
һԷҲŵЦ⣬ûӭǳЦһߣйɰʡ
Ƴۺ̫۹ܺã˸ʺӡ
磬ҾһǽֵʲôΪ֮£粻Ԯ֡
һֻҪܿڣ縰ܹҷҵģҲŰܿġĶ˺ܶ࣬ǰȻ£úյĺܣǰ̫ĻһҲȴԼĸǣ˵
ҲǶбµˡ
ǰ£ҲĻ
㵱һӼҲǿųԾûʲôн¡
Լףʱôһ쵽մմϲԼǿ鵱ʵ۵ĺأĶ˿Ķˣۼŷ꽹ͷöеΥеӭµĳ֮٣ǰ͸ģܿ͸ˡͳӦԵúܺؼֱ
ĸһ仰˵Ĳ
̫쿪ˣΪֻҪ̫֮λ±ˡ
³ģͬʱҲˣϵصĻѹļ
꣬Σҡ˸϶˸ǶôӵĴڣǰ·˸ҲҪ·ĸϡ
Ƿ˿ӣղ̫˵Щ˵˸ӣ鷳Ȼ˸ڲûҡҲʹ죬ԲŻڷʱϯϳΪѡʱ˸Ҫӣ¶档
˵Ҫʺ밲
̫ŭ˵¶ĵ
ͷͬһ졣Ȼиأ䶼֪ӣ岻ãԷŻ˷ȽڡѾױʾΪأǷ͸ӣĽȻڱ˿صƺ̫ʣ뵽ӣݡ˼ҿϵĹ޸꣬ΪۣΪʵ˳µ£Ҳûʲôʲһ˵ԷŻ
Ҹ۹ȥʱ䲻̫Ҳȷʵס
İҲûʲôףЩ˳ԲȴһҧģһҪϼ䡣
˸׵塣Ƿ˿壬ŵǻδվȽŸʱ˺˸񣬿ǷȴСʵʮ̫̫ΪʱӦʾʱһ˸ؾòף˸Խſˣڻʵ۴ϯϰʺǷݣԴӶЦģһڳпܵñӣʵ۽ٲΪ裬Է粽á
ǰؿֻ꣬ÿεᷳٿֻſεϣĴݵܣϵļ㡣硣
ģһܻһƽʢ
仰ˡҾһףܡ峯маͳú͡
¶ĵЦ⡣
ͷ˱Ȼоơ
ֵ̫ɸΪ񲯣οЦˡһԹӭҲ¶ûʲôҰģֻҸɷȻһӡȻѣǰӻ˸¥С檡
ϾԲ
ӭаңڷ֪ܸġ
һ̫ʱʱزٷʲô
˸÷üϲ¥ӭº֪㡣
̧ͷӣֻĻʺдǳǳЦ⡣
ӭͻȻͷЩᣬƴʱĸױ˺ܾá˵Ҫ޵ǸĻӣⱲӿܶ޷ͷءʵƴ˲ûб֮⣬ƴ˵˼ǲԸǲϱ̫ġ
ĸ׻һң˵ãƴȻԵЩȴǸ˾ӡ
ᱻƼ޸ӣĸ˵¼޸䣬ȼ޸ǿǸ䡣
ƴֵһţ֪鷿͸˵ʲôƴ뿪󣬸ױ㻽ǰ
˵Ѿͷͬƴ˽ϱ̫̫ѡƴ˻˵飬ںܴѡ
ӭµʱˡ
ĸϢǺ͹˸󳳴һ١
׵˵ƴ˿˺׼ƴ˵ӲǸ޿ɾҩĻˡֻ˲磬̫򣬴Ӷܻڸġ
̫ڣܱⱲʳǣȻһ󸻴󣬿ɹˣ޸÷ǵһλġ
£޸ɾùϵõ洦
˵ˣǹ˷˲ţ˼졣ǰ߶Ůء
ֱ޵ĹӭԽϻǰ׼ζ¶ͳѧ˵ƴ˶ֻҪͳùϵԹ˼Һкô
ӭǸТ˳ģȻɻǵͷ
ǰֻ˵˵ã˵ӲãĺͳӴӭ²ŷ֣ҥһҲš
ֻǾʵߣǹơϣҲƽͣһһİƺֻҪڣܷκ£Ҫ¡
Ϊʺģȴ˰ʡֹ̫ӭڿӣЦŵǲǾó洫Բ̫һ
ӭЩ˼ĵͷϻǰ׶Ҷѧʲô£ֻķԸǰȴǶˡĺ˰ġ
̫ЩȡܿȻЦЦǰǸİĹ˳ûйϵͲ󣬱ĻҪСꡣǾ˸о̤ʵֻҪڣʲôõǣܳʲô£ɽǡĸ˵ǣҲĸоӭЦŵͷ͡
̫ϲϱˡ
ͨ͸ǸùĶӣЩίˡ
뵽̫󽫹ӭµСȴ֣صĵģĸţⱲӶ۸㡣ӭ΢û뵽̫Ȼ˵һ
ллĸ󣬶ܼ޸ӣܻһĸ󡣡
̫Цӭµͷ
ңҷӣͷش㣬ӣӭƳģʵֻӣϸĵĹѡӭĹ
߹󣬿Ҳ΢
дŮԹ˼Ҳ޸һʧƵĻӡ
˼һ󣬹˸Ǹֱ֮ˣܲƼգơӭ±ҲãҲݸӲ˼Ҽҷֱ
ҵ˼Ҳסл
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лʱѾˣھǽǰ;Ҳܼ޸δĴϻʺء
лʱȻϷꡣ
Ǵһʱһʱ
˭뵽ʱ䣬׺ɣܳĻӾȻ˵λкҩܶӣлһȥ
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ϴл˷лƳлʵܼʱ׷ʡգĬˡҲлܸԼһͬ·лҲܸ档
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ݵλ׿Ȼ¹ֻӦþ͡
۶ʮꡭȻˣܻ˿ģлˣǰڣôȡһ
лڴ䡣
¹٣ԩ


708 ʶԹ

߰¾ʶԹ
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ֱһһ߲
ΪŮиùޣȴŮƽ˻ӡΪŮͷǳļ־飬ʵ۶лһ棬ȴŪɳ׾
û÷лһ棬ѳʺĸˡ¦ǰлҡȻ϶Ѳʲô
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µӦúⰸֻ꼻һ֡¦ᣬºܶ˶ǵˡ


709 ж

߰ж
ӣ֮˵Ϊڴ֮ǰȻûνĸ۶ʮɰ
ZǸģװסܣҪ֪ôһصĸ۶ʮɰһҲ͸¶
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˵ȻظЩɺáؼﱾͲǶŽᡣ
ϵΪ
һ壬ơ˼ҡʣȴ͸ˡⷨӿ϶һЩʱ򡭡ĻˣҲ֮֡ҲûʲôҲˡȻЩƤ֮࣬˼ġŮӣƤ֮໹Щȫõġ
ӣԽ˵õģɫԽѿ
ͷ׹Ѷ･
ԭǽ˰ۣǵ͵ƵģղɫʱԣөƵ͵ƱѶеĹˡ
ȻֻյһСƬ뷿ӰС
˱ӰС
ӣվյ͵֮£Ӱ챻͹Ĺ޳һС͵յԳׯͻȻ;Լͦɵˡ
˶ʮ꣬ûһΪԼ
ٵҲҪΪ϶
֪жᷳϡôϣϻޡ
ܲ³ݣұ֪޲ԡǸӣ˸⡣
һ֮Ƴ۷Ӱӣˢˢİ⡣
ĻȻˣɫʱѿıŮϳ͢ưñӷ⡣үǣȴֻڽǡ
뿪ڣƳѾָڴһȻСʱڣеŬ׷ˡ壺ܿڣӼֱҪˡ
жżš
ƾ£Ҫ³Ǹ⣬ƺΪռССϷһδɢӣ㿪˿ڡȻ㹫ƽ㿼ǵεĴǿӦ㡣
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׳ϣȻϵĳӡֲϵĳӡ
֪ûУȴƳۺͷһۣĿж֡ԭˡĹֻһͷˮֻܸӣĻ
ò׻ŷϴڷ᲻˵ѡһУ˵ѵġ˵òʶλ⹫죬˵ȷʵɷơһһ뵽ֻһܡ
˵еĵط˫ʮּɻ䡣˫ӣԤżҪ˥ܡ
һ嶼Ǳһһӣ˵˫ӵһ̣һƬ̡
۾۾Ŀ˶ٲȫȻĿյǡڰƽһǴ˫࣬е˼˫һرҪ˫˫

ӣҲű˱۾ѹͷļκ
ؼҵճĴӡױ˳ǲ?
ǡ
һֵܡеؼҴӡ㡭һֱؼңҪ뿪ؼҡϾһĸ˶ڣ᲻ˡ
ǡ
ݣؼҲǸܡƽգ¶ɡż˿Ҳľ
ǡǳڣȻ䡣
˫˵ͺŮ˻˫̥̥̥ĶС屾еĻܡܻ˫̥ģõġϲ£ȴЩ֮˵ɶˡֱǱĩá
Ŀһ
ƺӣû׷¥࣬˫ƽ
ﲻ˫Ӳ飿
áҷ˫ǼõԺһӡҵ÷мϲԡ
ǹ˹ƺóĻЩЦǺЦȴᣬʮᡣڻ˿ڡµĲĸ׵һжһȻĺ£ؼҵճϲһ׮һʱ游ִҪеһĸŲĲֹˡ
ûһ붯֣Щˡ
ĸ׳˸⣬ֻ˵˳ӡһĲ
ֻҪ˲֪Ͳؼˡ
ԣǰǱǸ֪ԼиֵܣҲ֪Լи̵ֳֳֻ
Щ꣬γģһֱؼ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
ؼһׯĸÿһΡ˵岻ã޷չңæ⣬ֻʱڱׯֱʮ£ҲűӻؼҡҲ֪ԼԭǸùĴڡ֮ԽһؼңΪǸֵܴ˻ѧϽһԱҵСӴˣԷִҪ׷
ֵܺ£ˡؼһʱҲҲɶԷҪ˵ֱؼСӲ¶棬ꡣû취ңֵܶòͬұðڳ˼ӡ֮ұؼҡ˵ֻҪұ㲻ܳԺһȥƵأұżܳԺ͸
ӣĬš
дŨŨͬ顣
ԳЦЦﲻͬҡȻͷβؼûпҡԴöȣǼõġֻҪ£ҳ涥ҵӹĲε£Ҳûʲôͬ뿪֮ǰ׶˵ĸϴ棬ĸⱲǣҵıң˵ԼðҴϡ˵ĸױĿֻҲˣܹ찲ӡοҵݡ벻ʵûʲô𡣡


713 շ

߰һʮշ
ǰؼ·ϲǽԴϲ֮¡
طȴһ˫ӡڰƽ˫ζŲ顣ؼ̫үʱͼ˫еһطŲĲֹⳡѡ
Ȼְѳ͵˱ׯ
ÿȥһΣطӵġ
ؼҵСӣȴһħ˲֪ؼҵ˫ӣֻΪؼֻôһλչӡ
׽һ޷ӡ˻ֻ·̯ؼʰؼû취ʰˣطǶ˫ӡ
Ȼλشӱ㱻ǿϳ
ʼ
ˣعӻˣٲ¶档
ͬؼҵĺӣԴµĸףûĸԼĺ׸ġطܱס㣬Ƿǧ֮Щڱׯÿȥ㣬ҲðķաعӣҪű˴¡ˣǸɱ˲գ۵ֵܱǸˡ
һɱ˶۲գĲ㻹ܶԼչмΡʲô߼
죬ȴͻȻԼ޻˵
ʵͦɱġ
ֶ͵ġ˱ˣ˭⡣
ǡĸ׻ģû˭⡣ǻֲǻ˿ģѵΪ⣬ҪѰǻΪԼԼĶأȻͷԼı΢ȻĲм
ѡһĬĬŶѡأ֪ҲأҲؼҵճĹӡؼЩȻ˶£Ӧɱ˳ǷծǮ쾭¡
˭ҲӲѡѡؼҹˡ
ð׷Ըȥعӣ֪ʶ֮˶ô
һ·ѵеڶ·ߣܲܿĸ׿Ϲ۾
һ䣬ѹյһݡԲؼңԱ϶䲻ȥظط˵ˮȴʹ
ģΨоֵܣĸһıĶӡ޷˵׮ӣԼҪֻһȥ
ӣһ䣬ɫĻҰ̡ܵµһˡ
ⱲطΨһůģѡԼߵĶӡǰ˵Ĳ˻ģȻ˸ҳȴ߰㣬䡣˶ʮ̤꣬ظһûС
ջԼ˼йĴ¡
ǱǸɱ׵ֵܡ
޴ͬĶӣһһҲĸ׻Ϲ۾عӣЩ˵ȻЩĸףûеôں㡣ҲʱȷʵΪӶϵ⣬һ󡣿ʱ䣬ǸߵĶÿܿܺġǣһĸ׵ıô뵱Ȼƫˡһζڹʱĸû顣
ʱѡ񡭡ôӦԼȥǸֵܵһĸ׺õĴأһҪТģТʵ̫ˡ
ӣ˵⻰ʱЩأҲ˼⡣

ЦŻصĶԣϸһȷʵͦġ֪Щĸ֪ɻˣԼ˽ЩĸһŲ֪ĸ֪ͬĬʵûԼȥ롣
ȱʧ飬ԶȻˣҲץסһݡⲻȫĴС󻷾ûЩΪĥСûǵĸĸɱ˳쾭塣Ȼȶ£ȻҪڣǲǴ㿪ˣ
ѵǡҵĴֻŲԼĸġµĸ׶ĸףЩС´֮ȷʵ񼫡
лй
˵ѡ˿ڡ
ӣЦЦͷȻһɣǹɬ֮ȴҲ޷ɢȥ
ɱΣЩĺҲҲˡôĶˣСﱻкİõűСö֮ȥԺ֡
һ׮þõ⡣
˵֮Աƣʲôһ˱һУĥˣɱ˵Ȥ
һȥƽҪץϣطûС
һƾﰲš
ʱһֱŶ롣ЩǱĴͷ̫ˡҧŲڣ±ƤһＸ仰ܵ
㣬Ƴиܵġ
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ߡƴû£͵ŮԳ˵صġ㸸ĸû֣Լ㲻ȡһȷʵ̫ãôĸĸ˫Σһ˥ɰΪ˴¡ؼҰܣһɱ˿ͽ
꽫ֵһ󡣻ǸֵҲڱ߳ǰ㡣˵վģֻˡ
ѵ㳤ƪ۵ؽ̵ˡ
Ƴۺͷ궼û˼ϡӹ񫣬ְսתƳۡûŮ˵Ҫȥץ𣿻ȥš
Ѿˡƴ޿̡
ȸƵģ˺޵
㶯졣Ǹץɱãùо͹СⰸһᣬǲûʲôҪͷŮˣ
ƳЦôûУ̲Щδľһӡ
ɰе޶֤ˣɱŮ񡣡
ߣһĲԸǧ㱦ǻŮ޸󲻽Ҫûʺ󣬻Ҫʹۣ죬䡣
ڻȥЩϵľɰ롣ƳҲֻ˵һģ룬ҲóɰԲǸ۶ʮ׮»ͷ
۶ʮɰǴݱ˵λ¦൱ŵۺġǷϻʳ²ϣֱǰº«ư
һĲˬ
ǰ⻰˵Ĳº«ưĲȻƳЦĵ
Ϊ˵⻰ȻЩȴڡһ꣬Ůǲ˼ˣʲô˰ʧӰġС㲻ˣǴ󰸾˰ɡⰸӱûͷ
˵˭Ըⷢ߶Ͱɡ˭˸Ů
⻰ƺҲû죬һʱ䲻֪ӣѡϲ飬һҲࡣ֪ŮĲࡣÿ£ࡣ
ӣһڣȻֻͶķݡ
ãġֻҪע壬ǾɼٸɱҲ棬ֱӴϡ
ģӣľɼлḴθá
һž⡣
˵ĶԻûбܿعӺܿжϳ˷ݡ
Ѿˣżֻ̿֡Ȼĵۺһͬؼҡαذܡ
ܵعӵĿ⣬ָƽĿ⵭Ƴһۡó㣬Ҳиġ֮⣬Ҳ㵹ùҡعȻæͷ
Կ⣬ȷҡ
ҵĺֹɲǶ˭ġ㣬ĸЩãȻ뱨֮°ɡ국˵
ӣ꣬ЩãӣæЦҡҡͷĿдżΣջ¶ǳǳЦ⡣
ӣ۾һЦ
ϣ˽ˣˡ
ȷʵعӡȻӲ󣬿ֻһûпڵļ;ӣͦ͡
澳гȴơ
һǿģģʶ֪ṫӡ³͢Ҫġ
͢һƣһƵڳ֮͢ʣЩռλȴûʲôΪĹԱΪµ۳Ǵ󱦣ֲ˼γ١Ŀ飬λʱǰĳ

ûЩˡ
ҲûлСǼҪ֡
ӣǾô˻мֿȡ֮Բ㲻ϧġ
ʵؽһڽ̵ܷȻ򣬴ӴǸСȦһᷢ溣գڿ˻ҩɾȵġ
л
ع֣صл
ƳҲˣӣ˲š
ǹְ͵ӣǰءȻӣͷ궼еˣƳȻûʲô˵Уعˡ
عӱ˰Ǳĵڵء
Ҳľ֮ͬʣȻǱأԼˣй˵֮С
ƺڿԽЩѹĶ˦ˡ
Ӵ˺ծһˡأλ˵ûи֣ԼԼѡһ֡
Ӵ˺̤;


714 

߰һʮ
̵̤
ؼһôһΪ˱סӲϧԿ͢ľĿ޷ǰó͢ˡȻҡһ䣬Ȼ֪ؼҴôݣͷǮʹĥͨһλع֤ء
ھԵȨǰЩҪôˣؼ¡
ؼЩܶ඼岻οЩΪ֮£֮Ҫ˵ؼ֪˵ʵ̫ǣǿ
ʮؼһҪǧټƱеԭ򡭡²ֻؼҶ۶һ
ӣָоεĻ¥»Ღؼܲ˳źôһࡣ
úعӸ˱ӣͷʹȥ
ȻţǻʹӣΪԼǺͷ̤ࡣЩ˯ʵڵ̫ˡ
˵»ڲŽз
ӣԶԣ¡ȻӣԼͦģɿÿһٱģţѾܿˡ
ӣʼĶ˵һûһӦţͻ˯ˣȻƺܵ껳ԼһЦȻһůӦǷ˼ӣĺ˺ߣ˯ĸˡ
ΪԼһ϶ڻʹˡ
Ȼ̫ϲʹҲ״Ӵ˺´ʱ䶼סڹ
ڹ˿٣סӣԺ徲¡
ɵ۾ʱ򣬷Լұڻһǹյƣյõģһۿıüۡ
¿ˣȻԵøˡӣǸԷƱ֮ˣʱҲпԼ˴ˡ
ȻһȻɥӸתհ˹һҵˣⱲֵˡ
ٸͷһӣԲˡ
ʲôӣıǼ⣬ʵ
ûع𣿡
ͻȻ̤࣬Ѿˡڳ⣬Ȼϼ죬Ȼؾ¾еˡ
ôͻȻ̤ࣿ˯ǰķǻʹء
ǾǷࡣ⣬ӣһǽ֮Сصѭѭա֪ӣǸĳģ֮ҪյصĿڣϴԼΪȱٿ֮ˡǵλȻߴ󳼻ƣЧңһһ׷һõȴ࣬ڹʵ۵Ĳְǹǵ棬ǻͶ
¼֮ˡ
ֻҪǸмʵϵģСﶼȡ
ӣ飬ߵ졣ӣ˯ŵʱͻȻͲǸյĻʹˡʱ⣬÷һȥּ糯
ԥķԸתͷʻȥ
ޱ͸û֣û˭Ƿ˭֮˵ɵΪ࣬ȴܻرʲôҲԼһˣ˵Щ̫ˣ˵֪оÿǷ
Իĸڣ֡
ΪֻܶʺļӣоֹҪѭ浸ء
ɹȣϵĹǼǧ谮һ˾ӣ޸յϻʺǺˡ
ʵȻ
ĸġ
㣬Զòʱȥһ䣬һƬƲʣʧ꼸
֮£ӣĸࡣԷԼôӣãǲġɵӣǰ˰మ֮ˣƵôЦЦӣͷһֱӵĸоӣ˲۾һ̤࣬ʵǼܸ˵£Ǿ÷Ļʱĳ嶯ˣһ
һһţţš
Ⱳӻʲôźġˡİˡӣૡ
ӣǺȦ䶼˺Σֱ˴ѡ
֮ٴǡ
ӣżͷִ˵СҰӪ̤࡭ǷһѴ̤ĳҰӪ̤ࡣһͨæڰűµ˼źˡ
ׯûˡȡ֮һľݣƺɽż֮
бʰĺܸɾһľ˺ĵӡ
иӣϵſҲϴˢɾװˮĸɲ񣬻ģ׼ˣһߵĳϡ
ʽҪһԼַʳӣü꣬һЦӯӯʵ׷ʣҼʲô˼¡˵̤ҰӪסˣԸˡ
һµĴСӡ
Ȼ̫ЩɻôʱҵʰҲ㲻
ͷסĹȻ֮ˣûϴĵط󡣲ŴĿ˳
ҰȤƺҲһζ
׼ĴæǿǿɡԺ׼㣬ٴԶС
Ŷˡ˵¿ѡáӣЦǺǵӦҲЦˡ
ʱˣ׼ˡ㵹Ѳסӣߣ첲ֱͲ˶ֳɵģĶȻδ˵֣жܿҵо
Ȼܳ԰ʳķʵûʲôľ飬ӣ֣շְ˵æܵĸɲ񣬾չ֣ܲӣǷ꽫ɲڿȻϵóӣ
С£׾١
Ҳ¶޹ȻûԶ֣Ҳβ
ǡ
̵ðͦڵģֱݶȴ硣
Щ͵͵ӣӣĺͲ˵Ͼһתٴκ͸ɲ۵Сۡ
ӣʵͿˣֻܹаƴ
һŴһиʳûʲôˡ
ΨһĻǷˣܷʲô۽ǵܿŷ걿׾𣬿ѬһǱ͵͵ƺйԵӢ
ӣЦװûп
˵ӣŮ˵ðά
ڻ׼Ĳ㹻ɣҲ㹻ϸȻ̼Щһ㲻Ϩˡ
ȻѬĻͷϻȾ˼ɵĺգɷϵЦֱۡӣӣŻˡ
ģ
ȻȻʮġһ⣬·һС߰꣬ںӣͬˡ
ȻǳˣӣȫʤΣûв۵Ĺǲġԡ磬ͣ͡ǲͣҲǡǹӡԣȫﰡһ룬һ͹ˡ硭æҲٷ
ڳ
˻һۣȻ̲סһЦˡ
һһۣһͷһƣҲˣ°Ҳʪˣ֮󸾺ʮá
ԭƽյҲ̫סһŬҲԼϡӣһĵͷ͡ȷʵʵڼѡ
һԴβǡ
̲סЦˡ磬ҵաȻǺõġıȹζ̻ʣθںüˡӣŲʽһ󣬺ˡһС˸졣
ʵӰķӣѵ÷껹
ʵʲôǹӡӾĲȻζ㳢ȴ˼伫Ʒ
ŷԷӣڵķƺĲȹĲ֡
ֶҪ˸ġ
һڣһڣЦЦЦЦճճĳ˷ӣϴ룬˿ĨáڲĸɾҪҪġ
ԺǿԾོ̤Ρͦ˼ġÿһϴ룬ͦʡټϺӣ粽룬ԼôһҲ塣áֻǲ֪ܲϾʱ䡣˵ʱ伷ܻеġ
˵
Ŷƺ˵ִؼܻеġ
⻰ʵ̫ˣӣʱ˴ʡ
Ҳ˳ܻеģŮ˵ġ
ÿ괺춼̤࣬ߵԶЩżҲԺ飬ǵԶЩҲϲˡ
ҪҪ֪ҹ˾ʺЩ֮£ӣƤȻðѸﶼɢɾȫС档
áЩˣǸ԰Ӫ
ͷ˼ϴ󣬱ѥ˴
ʱ仹磬ӣڷ껳˸Ž졣ĳɳӣΪϸȻЩԱԱԴûţţǸ֡
ͷӣ㣬ȻסʱҹɫãڻĽҰ⣬ֱʱ˺͡˵Щǲ߯Щ
۱ﲻôʹˡ
ӣ¦Ҳǿ֮ˡ̲ƻĵ¡¦Ժȥأʵһֻ֮ǲ֪;ûȤҸһС
޿̡
ôסӣੲݡ
յž죬ԼżٵĴϢ
ҹ


715 Ц绨

߰һʮЦ绨
ҰӪӣ˵ʲô£˭ѧʱûжɶԷ˵ʵǼ¡ԴӳͱʹԻƣڹвóǼ꣬Ҳûȱʹ֮ˡ˶ʮ꣬ûֻӣһˡ
ΪȻæңҳ˵æõĸо÷Щԡ
Ժÿ궼Ҫһʱ䣬ӣҰӪ̤ࡣ
ߵԶЩԳԲͬĵص㡣Ϊʱæֻҵôһľӣ´ǰ׼᲻ΪҰȤ
ɴƺҲڱ̲䡭ֻͰӣˡ
ֻ룬궼ˡ
һΪ̫ˣԷڵЩˡڶӣ˯ٽв۾˲һŷŴĿЦӣδᡣҲ˵ƽʱºͣʵƫУƽʱЦҲЦֻǹǣǲϵġǴʱЦģӣɵҲЦˡ
硣ỽ
ЩΪʲôЩ˲ϲףϲѰƧ֮ľˡָоĺ
סϼջáסįһϲʮɺ쳾ϲææµµģµӣҿ޸ܡӣ룬ԼǹҰ׵ӡ
ڲܡ
Ǿסϼգ㷳ˣǱؾ
յǻ͢¡͢»̫Ⱥ֮δôݡͷǻʵۣ徲ӣʲôԵġοҲҪ¶β͵ʱ䡭
Ȼƻˣӣİõ¡
̫ˣо۾˯ĵϡ
Ҳ֪Լ̫ˣӣ۾˵ۣӷȫ
ЩӣĶͷӣҴñǡ
˯ᣬȥ׼ʳӣѾ˯ˣû˵ʲôֻǱܵӦһȻ׹硣
ܹú壬ֺ˯֮Сӣ۾ʱ겻ڣӣЩɻ󣬷겻ߣȥͻȻԼ˯ǰƺ˵ʲô
˵ȥ׼ʳ
ӣ˵¶Ӫϲˮߡˮ㣬ϲԼַʳĸоѵӣҲ˲ȫʹˣæױ
Ҵʰ׵ƿš£վˮСҲ֪ʱڷһôҵطģȻиССˮ
ˮˮֻϥǡʱڣҲôվˮСǰѳ˵Ƿãնݡɴʱȴˮȥ
һ⣬ˮĿС
ӣϲɵ¶һΡ磬ʲô
ͷҲصĵ׽㡣ӣ˵ϲѡˮ¶ӪԴˮ׽㣬Ȼڰ߿ζζӣ˯ʱֻ֣û뵽ȳϵĺ껹ƻη۱»ͷ˵Ȼû׽һҲװʦճȺЩĶȻ޲ߡ
ɫЩ̣ˡ
㲻ô׽ģ
Ҫô׽ң첻׽㣬Ĳݡ޺޵Ӵ
ȻҪ̫֮λʱҪؼ֡ãһ׽һ׽ɡ䣬ôˮأҲûȰȰ㡣
ߣǸʵ۱ˮһٸҲ
˰ӣŻľӻѣӣŹ˻׼
Ҳ׼ˣһЩ㹷Ķ¶ãȻ֮ɫǣЩ׽㣿
ӣһĵͷǰҪġ˭վˮý塣һǸĹӸ硭ˣҲˣһ㣬ҶӺöһӺö÷ʱȰŭѹ£ԹԿӣȻѧ
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ڷַȱˣ˾ȻǸӣڵⷽ棬ǸסģҪˮˡ
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꿡εü΢ţòšͬǿߣӣȻ㣬ȴûж㶯Եգֻܱӣָ㣬ҵľ֦⣬ϼڻϿӣ׵һ˦ƹ񣬰ѷָӵת
ĻʵһŵĶŻϵĿ㣬ϸС
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˭˵һҪ˲˳ǹİӣҲܡֻҪܿЦ绨ԸС
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ӣڷ껳˯ȥ˽ֱۣѻĹﱧĸЩ
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˵ģģһˡ
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ӣ⡣С֪Ź£
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716 ̫

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ӣԼڷǰ˵С񣬵˷ǰͳһĴ»ֻСӻҪЩ
ôˣ۸㣿ӣȻ֪Ϊˡ޷̫Ҫŷһ뿪ѷиӣΪԼʲô⣬һжƽˣ̫ȻϣܰŮߡԼС˼Ը̫һ뿪ǡ
ĸ󣬰ӣȰȰĸھǡ
¶ھǣսҲ⡭
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ȻźӣûпܣΪʲôܽ
ϲģܸġ
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717 ϸ

߰һʮϸ
һЦǸ־أǲ³Ҳлƻȥͨ籨ŵġ
лɫŻôѿ
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ϣôѡ
ģѡ
ʵҲ֪ԼǿѣһʣƺԴ֤Լӣеĵλͦ˵⡭һ⣬Һͬʱˮ˭˵ûʲôѶȣ϶ҡһˡҺƴͬʱˮҪ˭
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ƴˮԲ֮ƳȫԾȣòֻһһСá
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лƣʵ꼸лơ
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ϣͨˣĳޡ
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ϲӣϲӣССһţȺġֻܵůŻ֪Լôȡǰ·άΣ鲼Σ·飬ҡ


718 

߰һʮ½
ڶӣ۾һԷ̡
ǸֵӣǸƽϣһƽǶСĴһӣȻĿͻȻתתΣɵҲ֪ˡ
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ȻҪڷʣŤźصһ˵׺㲻һˣ˯һ𡭡ܴ·ġ
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⻰⣬νءһһֵ㶡ˡһ˵ʲô˵ѣСޱ㲻ܴӽŵӣЩ⣬Ƭ̺ʶǵĶӡ
ĸˣǲǸøм㡣
ÿ춡ʱǴµģΪΪԭһֱûϲ
ᣬе
һôһЦͱӣؾˡӣеѡķΣתһĵ
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ӣĻΪʥּͷ
Ҳ·һڿҡռұˡģԺȻ÷һġﴩѣΪʲôӹСޣ
жٻ˼ңȫأôҪС޵ģӹ͵ĹԵŶӣܻûֵɡ¼õģҲЩԵֵġҲܿСˣҲ궼ûУҪƽ͵ĵȡ
ӣ˵ĶԡеĹ˺ܿСˣеضûСޣӹ˭ҲԵ֪֡ҺͷһûԵ֣Ȼеģãã˺Ե֡ʶ֪ҲԵ֡ԺǳףһһԵˡ
Сͷӣϴ÷˼٣һת֪ȥҷһˡ
ظֵһͷöˡ
СѾͷЩģӣڴߣһ߳Եģһ߷һ仰ӡ
ЩǷģ֪ϲֶʱ䣬÷һһӡ
ͷã͸ůڵģӣ˯֮ʱӽ
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ݵ糯гʵ۷ʣһһģܲ˵ϣʵʣӦûġ
Ƴۣ¦λȨصĻ١гǣҲֻǷ¡Ȼ͸»ʵ۵˼ɴʱָʱԷ챻˰죬˯ǰԳ˵Ҫݱء
ᰴӣʾȻԼҲѥӣ߳һڲص
쳳ĸˣʵŭ˳µǰ˳ˡ꼴ıԣֹ
Ҳǵ͹ˣҪȨףҪƽ⳯ıŴѧʣƳýٳҲ˵ԼʤΣοǷꡣ
ʱ£˻ʵۣҪѭһЩšʱӣҲָоڷ˴룬ģ˻Ƕˣܹĺ͹һܾ
ͬǻʺʺӹԱѶˡ
ӣ֪Щܵģɷˡ
û³أЧǷѰ֪ˣӣġ
ЦЦȷʵЧǷѡ
СֻҪڣԶáϣкϢӣνĺϢǷɳȥĴ۶ʮµİҪлôӸ۶ʮɰ֡
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˵еģȻˣùţӣ˻ỰӣԻӴﵽ⣬ǵȫλĶ࣬ӣòⱾûпɵĹ£ŷȥ鷿ˡ
ӣǵһС鷿
ԹűŮ˲ø˵鷿صأŮǲ׼̤ġ
λʱȻó裬Ҳ̤۵鷿ӣͬȴʮϣ
ȻҲû˻ֻоȡ뵽λ»ʺ󹬱Ȼˡ
ۺĽ
С鷿ԭֻһųһӣĳҪվѵ
Ϊӣڴ¼齡
źĶ̱Ӻݵĵ鷿Ȼƻӣ룬л鷿Ĵһġ
׼ġ겻
ɫŵİɣҲϲĵüһ׵ĵͷӣ̫˽ԼҲǺ¡㳶СѾʹˡʵϲĵĵִƯɫ̺ģ˭ϲ
鷿ϵĵͲôϲˡ
Ǿͻɫġ
ɫĺáࡣ˵ԼϲģӭϷЦЦӣСҲˡ
ϬʱҲ̫á
ȷʵ࣬ǿҪƼá֪ģǷ껰ȷʵôǸáôء
Ц飬һָָԼϵۡһɽ˰ӣСɽ
ֻȷʵۣÿа׸ߡΪ׳ۡЩ˷Զˣд۵ʳˡС鶼Ҫһ࣬Ҳ°ѻʵ۵۾Ϲӣӿʼ
ſ˼۱˦һˡ
Ǹʵѡӡ
һɽʵѡӡʮί񣬻֤һʵûɹҶûϵ
ӣ˦ӣٿˡʺСпءеӣɫЩѿ鲻õԭ򡣽һ缸гӡд붼ǽѡӡֱԺֻлʵһˣڷò
ȻӣҲûжӣ֮
ɭɭĶ޷ӡЩ׸ƵСˡں塭Ϊһܡɣʵ۵ӶԴ֮ӡȰ֮ԵĻʵۣȻǸ
ǣû㵱
ҪðչϰӵĻʵۡ
ڳοʷ˵α⡣
ǲӣʮֺʵĺ档ʵȻڸвǿûλʵǰܹټŮĳݣҲûʢĹ磬ɲ˵۸
ֻǾöһ²һ¡
˶ǷǶ࣬ٲЩĵģΪ˱Щ鷳ûдٰ칬硣
ˡ
ӣɲǸ۸ģϾۡ
ӣ鷿Щչʾӣǰ齻СҪôӣ
Ȼˣǡ磬鲻ȢȢ㿴Ůһ۵ĺӣЦеʵ
ҲЦˡ
⡣ǵ⣬ʮ⡣
ʮĽǷ곹׵һ»ɫ齡ɫ֤ɫжôࡣ
ڶϳӣ빬
ӿûʲôŮǼҳȥĹóȥˮ֪󷽷Ľ˹ϻ飬˳ӵļӡ
Լڹһһжӣӣ˼ʮԲĻ档ǸĿΰ뺷ǰһվȻʵۻһͷСƵģʮСӣԺ⣬ⳡ桭ֱЩ˵
ӣԺڣԺϹҵǷҡ
ʲôӣԺ޵ġӦýзԺҼŮֻˣ䵽ᲱǷҵĸ
ӣԸ衣
ݵУȰֱӽзԺԵŮ֡ȥ˵ϵĹﲻѧѧΣŮǲѧҲǵʺȻ˵ĵĲֵãŮѧʵģȾЩҹ
ܺú塣
ԹȻˬĵԣôҪ°ն֪ŮѧʵġӣԺãһ֪Ůжܳ衣Сӻ˼¡
ȻŮģŮǵġ
ϵĻʹҲˡ˵ϵĹ͢޵ĻЩ˼Ρ룬Ҳûִ֮Сڻ徲ûбĻʵۺЩ
ӣᣬλʵ۵ĺ󹬡
ȻǼõġ˵Ⱳֻһֻһ
ұģһĲɲܷǲǻʵۣ۸ŮˣʵҲմ
ȻģֻЩԱáôֻһأ̫ˡοǻʵۡ
ȢһӲӦ檵ЩǺöô˾÷ӦöȢŮˣ
ҲҲ֮СȵһĵƷȵһȣȷʵĹЩ
ϲŮˣҪŪûʵɡԼϲԼȥȢǡȢٰʮ飬ֻϲһԸȢһǼҼҰӣ˸˰ɡ˼ԼŮ޵һȢ檵ˡࡣŮģзǡ


719 

߰һʮ
ûµй٣浱Ů۸
˰Բأ䣬һЩ»ʵġ
˵ʲô裬ֻ˵˭ɵӶ֪屾ŭ⣬⾩ǵĪǶˡ˼С޸ѵдų׼찡С͵ʱǷҪߥŷ檡
ǿС޺áǿĻʵ۱ģֻǿϡ
ΪŮͷˡӣĻȻӲ۸ŮŶûС
븸ȷʵǾЩģǲҵƷУҲҵĲѧǲϷֻ꣬ľĵʺ׵ǵмӣһܺǹͨͨΪ񡭡
Ǹʡ飬ֻܴȥ
ǲҽȻҲûǽֻŮ񶼼ˣҪ͸ģЩⲻȥ
ˡŮСģûһ䣬ûһ£Ҫǲ
ƾʲôЩʲӵĹԱ۸
Ӧø߸鵱׵Ĳ汣ŮҪ׺á
лʵģҵˡҾԼ¡ǰڲƽԵ̫ˡ
ԣط֡¶Ҫʵ۳ʵ۵̫ЩŰɡ죬ʱ䣬һԹԱ͡ڽվüģǵ뷨ǼʶŮǲŻ֪ôд
סܿлˡ۶ʮɰ˵˰ɡⰸӿջ䵽ϡ
˵Щ
Ůܸɣŷϳ͢˶£Щ۾Թ϶?Կӣ£ɶܳԴ߰ɡ
Щ෹лܲһ
Ůļ£ֵôһ
˵Ҿ궼ЩʲôԱܵı˭죬ܵı˭ˣ˵мӰˡһءܰµģãܰµģЪȥʲô鶼Ҫհǰ˺ίʵ̫
ױˡҪģҲǱĬ飬ΪѾѵˡ
⵹ǡ˵ݼۣҲûһʵȢŮӵġ˵ʺˣûСС㻹Ȧɵ㡣ʵҲ֪ѾŬˡϾһƵĻӣϵλһΪʺҪ־͹ϵļȵۣ͢Ūġ
ЩԱһ湧˳˵ġ
һȴ£ǰλʵ۸ģ͢ʵǸ̯ӡ̯ӽ˭ϣǾٲΪ裬ڷȷʵ¡ıЩͳ㣬ʾͻ
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°նһطֵ
ӣЦЦ˶ܸͨƽˡ
ʵûʲôϲ鰸ҵרܱÿӣԺĺáʱһܽȥ
˵ҲǡæȷʵȴԺ˼ˡССͣôҲȤл⡣ʲôȻ֪㰡Ҳ֪ǲ˵̫أӡźӲƫҪڡȻϲҲ˵ʲôˡȷʵȴǰӡǰĵľĸԸȢ㣿СҲ͸ܵˡڿĵǶġ㱾ʵܺãĸ
ƺӡ
ȻӣĵȫǸܺӣһ׹߻ܺӡ
ĵһ໵׽޽簮ȷʵ߳һӵŮ
й򣬶˵֮˵֮ˡôõĳôõĸȴӹһŽ
ȻˣȻҪԼŬҵ氮Ժͷһءչ˺壬һŮӦһһ飬ղߵһ
û·궼࿴һۡǹˡΪˣҪȫ̽һУΣһ絣
ĸ𣿡
Ҳ룬ż롣ԽԽõԼĲáҳǰĸ棬˴ЩøУ׺Ȼʵ˼ꡣǸͲסįӣⱲϲĴߣϲԼҲϲеΡʱĸߡӻؼңѾˣĸΪǰ㣬ӴûȥˡһֱöԲ
һֱûҡŮ˶ԼˣԼɷҲҪԶôˣĸԭ¸ˡ
ԭԭµģʵ̫⡣ԺȥǡοҲȢͷֻǱӥۡڤڤ֮Ҳ춨ɡĸҲϣҸŮ˴ҾͲ˼ˣ㼸꣬һ̫ƽˣĴȥⱲӣҲ͹ȥˡ
ͻȻ֣֪ʲôʱŮˡ
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ӣܵľοСģǵ
ЩǸŮΪܷʲô׶ܵ£ӣһ꣬Ҳܵ¡
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Ů˵˵ţ֪ô˵ô˸еĻϡǰһжڵţɴ˿̣ŮԺһеˡЩᣬЩ
һˣŮǰôƸеģ߯ˡ˶ⲻɫĻˣƳ˵һЩǸлĿǸģû뵽Ȼز¶ƳѾȥлĸֵȥ̽Ϣˡʲôεĵˮ©
۵ƴ鲻С¥δᣬֳ˸۶ʮɰӣЩͬƳˡ
Ȿְڡǰǵһײһӡڰ񲻾ٹٲ֪ΪҲֻ۾ֻ۾
ȡ˭ǰβܣ춼ȥˣƣڱ
ˣƳҴ¥ѾѺʲôʱã
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Ͷɡ쵶ն飬ؼ˵־֮ǰڡ죬嶫̿ڵĹЩ
СǾЩС顣ڱŮָָ㣬һ׷Ī
ӣ壬Ŀ̤ȥƼֱ죬룬۸ˡ
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ӣתʺЩԱŮ֮ʱֽкáλ˵ǹʹ쾢ʵ˾塣ҪõķӣҲ³˼֣ЩȲ뿴ЩĹԱϵĲɫˡ
Ǹжɡ
լ㿪ʼš
˰ȫǵýŶ뵽լȻ˦һֱĹҪȢ
˵ϺﲻͬϱԲִСԶޣ۶ּΪһӵý㿴ңҿ㣬Ȼ뿴ǵӡ
һҳ֡˵Ҳжʮλ
⼸Ҫȫǹټǧһ򾡰һýսսķʡүλǧƺŰꡣýŵŸʵ
ͷû㾪֮ɫС˵㣬ûϵҵŮϼꡣ
ýţʲôɧλүǲ̫Щү⡭ǲеࣿﲻǽ𣿻ʹҪʮ𣿱϶ӣȢʮˣ𣿡
ɡ
ɡòȣټϻӵݣýǸҡͷ
֪ҲҪҲҾܾ
ýǿĸ֣彻ˣ֮ڱܱ顣
Ӧ£ǽһ̽ӺƺЩһˡ
Ӱ
һһ̵Ľӣмǧǳɹ˵һ£ø⻹ǸƶЩǮҲСͻȻһ̽Ӱǰ
һһ϶һ׮һ
ýǼˡ
Ҽ˲佫Լķݶӡǰһ̻ܣųӵýţ־
˵ǵϱСĶܱ˵ɻģολȷʵʣȨƣ˼˵ףޣ۴С
޹ɾ
ǴŵҲҵĺ¡
үƺðɡýǺƺƵĳϣȻֱԼ
Ҳ˵ɼţ׬ϼӡˣҲҪɹ


720 Ա֮

߰ٶʮԱ֮
ţ񻹵ţķΡǾԼվڵߵ㣬ԼԶ»ʵָָ㡣ԼΰһΪʺ˹ġǿʲôߵ㡣
ӣȨƣֶΡЩԶڲ֮صߵ㡣
ƤϵĹ˭ˣֻǲм۰ˡ
ŮǻʺҪ͵͵ٵ͵޶˸ӣǷǣǷǣǷȴ
Ȼ㲻Ծ÷ĸЩɡ
һʱӼƽϵʱ仹̣ǽͷβѾʼˡ
λĶҪȢˡ
ҲֹȢһ
ҵŮļҵŮֹֹҵŮϡ
ֻҪմһ绨ѩµĴԣٶȶʮѸ١ǶˡЩý˵׵˼Һ޲öЩ⴫˵졣κ̫࣬һʮٸ
ĶЩڳм֮ԴԾӣڼҪʱ쾯ӵĵһˡ
ǲ̫ԣλҲֻеƫϣƳǵΪʸ
ߣ˭òƫƫЩϵ˹λߡ;־ҵĸֻԵƽӹʲôУһݾ»ʵ۵ǻȢ˸ʺǶһ㰡
뷨˲ıϣһۡ
ᷳˣȻֻܾҪ㹻ŬܻõʶǼȻѾ˳ֻҪڿҿңվᲽȴƫҪķע⡣
ڷ겻ǸͷҪǸģ˵ǺΪ
ԽԽ̫ⷨºˣ͸üװˣǵŮ¡ǲҲŮŷ硣
˼ңýţҲǲҶֵġˣˣƤӣҪˣƤӵĹ˭ý
һ־ھĴš
ýſУЩߵĹԱظʶȤ֮ˡԼŮܵΪʲôҪܾ˵ʲôˣ˼ҿõĻӣССŮѾӡ˼˵檣ȢޣȢޡ
Ҫġ
һм˭˵׼мأ
˼ӣȢȢֻҪŮݱˡ
˵˼ʹ󣿴𣿻ðɡⲻ벻֮껹мأ׳갡˵ԼŮʮͷûϵ˼˵ˣ꣬ȼǺԲˡ
˼߲ȱŮˡ
˼˵ѹﵱŮġ
Ůģ˼Ůǻʺ֮ýԼ粻֮࣬Ĵ˵
㲻ͬ⣬ǾŲߡɨ㣬Ǳ˵㲻أýҲܴ򣿻벻Ů޳ȥˡý֣ŮС˶
û˸ҵýţǳȥ̭ԼŮ䣬ŮҺúõĻˡ
һЩǸҲãĿӣҲյĳжһꡣ
ŮޣϱֵġϱԹûʲô˭֪мֱҰˡǻˣ˼һʵȢϱԸȢ˭͵Щʲôɵġ
˵á
ϵֵһСȥġ
ǲԼŮɡ
£ôᶼ֪ýˣý£˵ԼŮҪˡѾ˾֪ˣѵİŮ޸ǸģĶˣܵԼŮĵˡ
㲻ͣ޸ģҪĻϰɡ
˵ǵطŮҲȾƴڳ⣬ԣŮҪһĻơ
ԼҽŮôܵˡ
ͬ⣿ͬǸôưոݡ
Ҳмý˵ģܺ񲻵ںͻʺס
㣬ǻʺĳءҲûʲôõġȻЩȨƣǸĲѡ
һ˻ϲǡӣǵڶһ֪ϢǷһת涡㣬ټӶӣ
ӣûֳʲôԼԼЦΡǸֶεġ˵ȫǵýϸסͬ£Щ˼ҵŮܵһ˵˵ˣִСֻҪͬĶޣ
ⷨӼֱˡ
ЩæɨǰѩûڳˣƤˣݷһ˵糯ƽʱ˰ʱء
ӣһ̾ĵ壬ѣһ־ֱܼʣҰѱôͳģöԷûģֻưͳԻģҲû˭ˡ
ԷʲôӦ
ƺмԱͬˣȻֿ֣ԼΪءһŮܻһ׮ôĸۺ졣οŮҪ˵ģ޸ȨƵҲûʲôá
һ˵ʲôһ˵ⷨãڴϴֻŸ״ˡ˵Ŀ޷ͣµʱʡֻȢʲôͣǴ˵ֻȢһȻû˵ֻȢһȢȢʲôֱ仹Ȣƽһ˵أοҲǱˣñɷԼ
ӣ˵⻰ʱ顣
һģ
飬ټʡ
˭Ͼ˼⵹תעĺ÷ӣֻǿԼҸͦ飬ôһ֣˻Ĵܲ⡣
˶˵ĿĴĺܡ
ȫƾԼϲãȻȻ֪ôƺҲǱ֮֮ˡ
ӣģֱǸģסԶļϡһ룬ӣһᣬӣ۾ĲʡҲˣԼٲʱΪԼΪʲôЩˣҲ޻֮
ӣ˵
ģһһúТ˳壬ǷݣһТ˳
ɬĸоϢӣҲ۵û˯һᡭӣƺʮƣֲֵӣϱȻ˳ȥ
ͷãůģӣǴǳǳЦ˯ȥ
ʱķ̫󻽵ǰ̫Ѿʼװ׼쵽֮ǰӷһߺŻװ䣬Ȣϱಽ̫ߣض¡
Է̸ϲֻҪ鷳ƺһ֡
ֵ˹ϵ׽Цźͷкתȥæˡ
̫룬ûùӭ³ȥ
ҲܣҲر˶Ŀˡϣ쾩Ƿ飬Ѿֵ˾֪ˡϻΪһΪ֮£ôģ
겻Ļص
ûʲôӱˡϵ˽ʲôʲôҲû·ڳûгϮªϰ
ӣȥˡ
̫ǡĬΪ˵ôĵĺ֣Ƿ֧ء
Ͼһӣ׵˼ôպǳϲ̣ϲͻʵ۽аˡûзƳ۵ֱܡʺҲûнѵ˼ֻǾôĵķ壬ϾΪʵ۵ϡ
ˣзִ硣Ǿá̫ſЩҲҷϻʳˡƺϵĴԣ޾Ȼҵͷ˵ͦϲǾǵġҲǸ£˼ңܾþӾǣԳ㶼кôôһλ޷ţЩӳµ˼ɡ
̫˵ǡ⣬ָֻš̫ﾡܷģƴ˶ŵġӴ
˵ϣʺȻٶ˵ʲô
һº뾩Ͳ֪ʲôʱлˡ⹬Ҳס˶ʮꡭһһľ·ӡͻȻ˵Ҫ뿪ͷȻͦᡣ
һԹӭ¸æӣ̫ӹ۽ǡɫƺЩݣ̫סĲϰߣ֪˽̫̫һ̾˵ˮ©ʵҲףһ뿪ǣ޻طĻᡣ
˵ȫȻⴿˡ
ֻ̽һ·꣬ġ
˵֪ͨؾǰ֮ʰˡ
ҲĽ»ؾ
ôģʺһܵ˵ǸжȵģҷִĺܺáѽɽУԲǼ¡
ȷأʼֵܣõѡˡοƳۺҸŮ
̫󼸺»һʢ
ˣȻ뿪ˣЩ˼ˡͳһҪúõġͳ˺ӣһҪҡҲñ˸ˡ
һ̫󡣡
ӭĿھ
̫˼ģ̫ʵ»ʵۣҶס˶ʮĻʹҲȷʵвᡣ
뿪ǣʾ뿪ȨġԺıֻ˸̵ˡ̫֮Сӵ£һĻʵۣûʵۺм϶


721 ɰ

߰ٶʮһ¾ɰ
ɲ֪Ϊʲô̫;ȴˡ
ӭһԶǵóǰ׶˵ĻҪĵۺΪУѧϰжȣףҥҪᡣֻһ˼̺÷غ̫ǲģҪҳ鷳ҲҪ룬͡
Ҫʱ䣬Զ
ڷغ̫ûٺۺΪѵ˼
޸֮ǰ֪ԼҪʲôӣֻԼⱲȵԺĺƽƽ
ֹ˼䣬ԳϻΪɸˡ԰ѷ͵⡣
صʱԼ̫˵ʲôкЦǰ˵ʲôأôˣ̫Ŀ¶οĿŶСڣԽԼȻѡûǰӼʲô鲻⣬ȷ黹졣Ȣ˹ӭôޣ˷·̥ǵı仯
ӭµĿϲ
֪Ŀ׷Źӭ¡ǷǰûйΪʱȻڿ۾ȴǿϱġ
̫ʱˣӺϱϵֻϲϼϲ
Ϳ桭
һã֪ԵĿӭ£ϣӽ󣬿ȴûǽεεĵͷظһͷˮˡ
ĸ󣬶Ϳˣĸʾ
ҪˣԼȻ֪Ϳġ
ɫ˼䣬ռϵıǿϲӭ¡а˵ϲֻ·ݻС͸¶ɲҲҪĸġȻĴϲ²ĸĸǻġӽֻҪظĸĸʰ
ӭЦŵͷ
Ѿ˲̫˵ʲôˡ
Ȼˡҿɱǿˡ
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̫ԽԽϲ
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ŵҸϢ߳Ȼͳһ³Щ¡
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ʲô㡣ô֪ȥ̫
⹬鲼ҵĶĿ
ţĴӣͷţĶƤƤйţҲٴˡ
ôͲҸܸܵ󹬵һ˵ĸоҥЩԱоǸҺ󹬣֮ͨˡʵ費Ҿúһ£ùԱʧЦõİӣԼ
ݺݵĿһ˵ı鿪ڡ
ѾˣˡЩҿٹãܶ༸λĸˡ
İɣҸȢǵģܻܻһǵļˡǲر֣û˲Ҹü˵أǾˣи׳н֮ƣӯ󹬵ĹԱһα˰ɡʣµһҸһģǼլûϾڵ¡
Ҹлһˡ
ģִ֪ģֵĲճġ
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س˿ǧǵطλЩ⣬ڹڹ
ˮգ治дǵȻǵֻǸСˮϡԳֻ͢һСӽʿפء
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˶ذѾʳ
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ӣԴЩΡ
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ĻӣԼҼЧ
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ͶйȻʲôʵ£Ը˷


722 Ա

߰ٶʮ¸Ա
Ը۶ʮɰʧ˼ǧİйء
ոΪʲô˷ʲô
лŵʱʲôɥ֮£ƺûҪڣ˲ĵط
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ȥҲûʲôá
ջǵ֤˵
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İӣ޼֮
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ֻ˺˴ˡ
ҲǴѪζģ㵱˻ʵۣҲûġ
Ҳֻỻһ
ѡԼѡƽֶΡ
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Ǿھ̫֮ˡ
Ե㲻뿪ǣҲġҲһǣֻ˸׺󣬱״ؾǡֻǵʱ֪ǲǻٵ
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ȣһ죬һ̣һ˲ӣҲǺõġ
ֻӺദʱ̫̣̫١Э黰˵Խ˳ˡǵʱ۶мʩһġ
֪һһ۾Ͱװ
ʱ򡭡ʵͦѿġڱ𵱳ʱѾÿܶˡЩһóԺúȵţҲľҲˡΪһ꣬Ҳ֪С˶ٿ࣬ݹ᾵ġѵʱ겻
Ҳѿ˵ʮǿ
ӣůůһЦӣʱԼסˡ
ƺԽԽˡֻҪӯӯһЦƺȡ
־ᶨɫȻˡң֪ԼʱʲôӡСżʱѶûССϹ۵ĸ׶䲻Ҷӡ
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ĵǸСŰԹԸżֿȥƳǲǸҶ࿴ӣһۣ۾
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ǸõСѾΪʺϹ֪ĵӡ
İӣ˭˵ˣκˣ㲻ϡ
ͱˣԼʲôģԼ㡣ҾԼͦˣԵߵȻһеΪҺҾȻ֪ԼȻеǱʡӣԼĻЦˣڷ껳Цĺܻӡ
һεսֱۣСֵ̫ٻȥˤԼ
ӣ˹ˣſڡעǻڸǼעһ㡣עǻףעΨһĻʺ󡣡
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λ۸ڶƴˣĻʺ
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Ϊڵ̫η
ŶʯͷģŶȱ𴦵ĺЩطģײá
иƴСڣͷġ
СһأڳҲƵ졣ţؽһοŴ󿪡
קĶһ٣Ȼݺݵתš
ƳۣӣĿݺݵһǳֺĻߡôǰҪ͸Ů˽ү
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λعӵǸݽɫ˲ơģǿЩкùûСŮˣү¡
ڲԶˣȻ㲻֪أٿǴ̫Щʮƽ⣬ԻӱǰȥֱƤɹŲ̵Ц⡣ƺעϵıӶ˵ֻ޹ʹС¡
Ȼ޹ʹ
ûв۵ģӣĿƽĿ
ȻԸմˮٳ飬ϲ
Ƴ۵ͷתȥȡŮˣݡӣ·ûתͷ¦˵Щ˿ȥ壬ʵֻ廨ͷǿһỹУʱ˾ͻǺǽһ
ĮƺȰӻܡ
Ϻ齥ŭȡһŮ˾ȻӶ˶ʮ꣬ǵһ
Ů˿ǻϲǿ־塣ϲ


723 ҧ

߰ٶʮ¹ҧ
ŮΪΪ񲣬ΪħΪŮعδܼ
ǰŮ˲˭ģֻеȣΡ̫Сˣмַ飬νķȴϤģЩ䣬Щƺвмۺһϣķ·ֻ˺š
ѾץˣһŮˣһƽʱ벻۵Ů˾ȻҰڳһŭ𼸺ԭ
ЩˣܵʲôزʶѾ·ˡ
Ⱳӻû̫ˣɾԼµһ
һӣҲɾԼƽȥؼҿ϶ȥġ
˼СӾˣؼʲôȱȻҲȱӡЩؼ׬ӣؼҳ֮ʱ
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ؼҵؼؼҲһ档޿֣ͻȻָŮˣȻ뵽ؼʹͽġ
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鱾Ͳѣ֪ټһɫƽƽŮ˵ıġ
ӣֻ˵մˮۡ侹ȻĿͰˮۿ佫һӴεͰˮƬ̣Ȼ󽫱ӽͰСȱٴγ鵽ϣʱһ䡣
ۣղǼǸѥɦǰϲ͹һ񻻱˳ӣʵ档
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ӣÿЦһɱ˷Ȼ˽̡£ʮҲ㹻ˡ˼ӣʵСƵĺܡ̲Σ´ѵϡƽôý̲Σ㻹ĳȥƳۺ¦վӣ㣬ӣ
ǰһΪǰŮؼͽģʱȴЩˡ
ŮˣȣЦЦĿ飬ʵ÷ǱѰ
ŮĶˣʲôŮɴûһǰŮŮˡŹɸ߰
ǹɰƫƫֲʢ˵İǹɢģվﲻԲǰɾԼ볾ָоü־ˡ
ȻؼҲȱӡο򡭡
򣬸عӵֵӣ
ӵȻ޼֮㵽˭ǳ͢˵ͣ˭ģ
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ӣһʵ
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ӣʵҲλʲôʵĵط
첻ۣӣȻܻķˮ
ؼҾȻһ˵ɱţôˣӣλɱλǿϰٱȻƵףӣһ۱ܿ˵𡣡ؼҿĲͨĳ̶ȡ㲻ţܿῴˡ̲ͣطꡣ
ܡҷģҸĸ¡
׬ѵûлԱ˵ɡЩ£ѵһ֪عӣˣϵ´嶼ࡣ㲻ǴǸҲõһԡýҡ
ӣʼնһм顣ƺѹֵ࿴
ĮӣԽ˵Լ˾ȻҲǣǵʡ䱾ˣҲҪȫһ𷢷衣
ҴδӰ첻ɵ¡Ӷ㱾мȤȻѣҲǿЦˡû뵽㾹Ȼ㲻֪ô
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û˼ˡ̴̵İ˵ûйϵϹġ㲻˵ˣҲǷҪ㿪ڲɡ㲻ڣȻ˿ڡֻǵʱ򡭡±ûʲôˡҲ֪翹ͶˡʮֹͶġ
ӣֻʱӣŸղǾӽˮǳ֮ڡ
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ӣƳۣ¦һǽŶĶ
ͶЩªμȣӣڸVη
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ڣеŭ֪ԹˣʱһǷһӶԼˡôʱǣ£һᡭΡ


724 Ա

߰ٶʮԱ
ŭƺһţǸһֱԹٴοڡô˵ǼȻأȻиͬѣ˵Ӧͬؼ˲ܶаɡҪȥȫϵɡ
⻰ƺҲҪˡ
⻰ʲô˼õʱǰ棬ѣǴҶȫϣȻһҳȥ
⻰˵±ģѹ֪֪֪·һǮã˵Цˣȷʵƣλ˭ű֤Լһ鲻֪ҶһϵƣܲҲĲҡ
Ҫʱǳǰ棬Ҫһᣬ롣ڵӦؼү
ظ£ƺͬʱ
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νͶ࣬ؼƽʱȻǺͺģһ¾ͿʼҧӣС˵ؼ¶֪ʲôӪֻǿںôķϣҼֻ۾ֻ۾ӣ˵ɣ¦ȴһĵðһ
Ժвɵӿһ档
ؼҼλүЦһȲ죬׵Ķһȥ
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һߣȴС𺣵Ļ档ؼңֱǸѡ
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ǻҪ֮ԲƵġɫ΢Ϊʺôһˣ롣
ѵľ֮Աơ
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ܿ죬һĽŲű򿪣ھУ˳
лǸؼһ䣬ǰܻһ档ʲôͿ˵ʱ򡣡װͰ˵꣬˩μϣתȥˡ
ηһţȻүܿˡ
һûʲôģүⲻ֪ٵĸпҲûʲôֻʮĵӿ˿ڡҵģҵģүҴ󷽣ƽֻ۾ֻ۾£롣
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ոջʮֻǼλȻûпڡ
һвҲƵĻ˶졣ˣαҪؼȫҪ׵ĵ·
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ҲֵܣôĿ
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ҲÿСģҶ˶ʮ꣬ǷؼҵҲʱ򱨶ˡ

үûпڣʱûпڱĬ֮⡣ͬĶӣԸ޹Ǹԭܼ򵥣Ϊֱȴ޷ؼҴʲôôȻӯȴܸؼҴشʵӡ
ӣһ̾
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˵кŮమǶԷŶԷ顣ǻ˸̽ķӡ
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Ů˺ýãкƯŮһһŮкŮʧءమమģΪʲôôױġ
Ϊ˵־Ĳǿͣ׶ҡʱ䣬ǮȨƣ桭˵Ҫ׳ȥ̽Լĸ顣
ʵֹǰ飬еĸ鶼ˡΣһѪΣһȻֱɾȴܸͥ棬ݻֻ
һӣǸǻΣһαܴشѵƱ
ʱ˭ֱаء
ǶӯǵòȻ
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ǾԼһ仰ܹԹСӶϹԹԾͷλͲ̲ˡЦŴؼ˵İΡ
˵ƽûʲôáؼһҪ˷ʳϣڹؼʱеôТ˳ֻ鷳ɩɩˡɩɩֻҪǰᣬһԹԵͷɩɩؼһϵˡ
Ƴü
ĵλطҪˡ
ӣҲɵֱˣ¶֮ɫ
ڣλǧʼط˿ڡ𣿡ĸ֣ѾһС
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ûʲôõġ֪ɩɩвᣬɩɩʮ»̥Ϊ˱ɩɩЩ겻֪˶ίʵǰЩΪؼҿνǾҵҵȷʵЩõ飬ĸܱ֤Ⱳء
ȥΪһġȫҼල֤ٲ캦֮¡ɩɩʹӦ˰ɡضү
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ضүһֶ˿˼
ô¡һЩһֱׯֶӣʲô̫ĸ飿
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ضүİõȰط˷ӣѡӯĴӡ
ڽټȥҲûʲô˼ˡΪطһȲѵĴӦ
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Ƴ۽ηȵ裬ӣԼ˹
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Ҫ̵ġ
ղо仰ү˵ĲȻ˺ôȻøۡͷϸϸҲ⳥ЩûŮĿؼЩŮĺӣҲǳĸо˷ģнŵģ
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725 ¥

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׷ʣȲѲſڣĵܴܵˡ
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ڣǸһֱǰίȫĶһ⡣
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ȻǺڵģûкҩȴ¶һ顣ڣôڣĺҾ쾭¡Ȼﲢô룬ǳȴʮ֣ء
ĸĲڣڱ˶ָָʱؼҳ£˱ͷƵʱ򣿡
ŮڷǰǸƴ֮ˡ


726 ʵ

߰ٶʮʵ
ܶʱ򲻱ڣѾ˼ȻĬɡ
ȻϣӱȽԸġЩΪ־³ӣ̫Ŀࡣ
гĲϲԼɷĲ⣬еЩС飬Щ˶ƣ˵ľؼҡĶˣԼҲԼľִ̫ˡؼĳʲô£Ĺ
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ˣȻÿ궼ȥׯӣԽźʹһԽ﷢
ܶΣ˦
˫͸ģƯϲջûܺ
񡭡
˵ʲôطʼȻװǿЩؼµָѾʱǷĥˡ·һ㶯ЩˣЩ۹ɨӣָоֻҪ룬ط˱ȫ
ЦЦ
ҵ˶ʮĸ׵ĶӣұԼֶûСĸףӵ˭ҪʱҪʱؼҼùġ˶磬˻ؼҳɣֻܴڷСԺС

С˴һƴСݽˡ
ʱǣĸײףܱôпڷԣѾǺõˣ
ˣҲˡһѪˡ
滵ȥˡǱĻصؼңؼ·ǵָƳΪֻҪȥˡ
ˣһٳȥΪɥ
ɵȻԼΰٱȫĸסȴԭһжһجΡ
һ뵱ȻһΪǡĴƾʲôҪؼ׬ĺǮóԺúȣŸζؼң͹ѵżΪܵõЩѾط˾Ŭֱؼǳġá֪
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ѡԸƶ֮ңֲ赭ĸĹذҲТǣΪǱ
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طƺҲЩסĸײҸ֣´ȥ۵վǴ㰡
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ֻҪһᣬӶвӦǽ졭ط˿˰ΣɲȰοɵýֹס˳鴤̧ӣֻĿĿطһæþᣬװԼǸǿĸסһοޣûӦڶᣬĮ
طͻȻ֮С
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⻰Ҳ٣ֻǿЩ
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ĸϣôʳ仰طһԼ̫ˡ
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˳ĸףˣҽ;һ˵˻̶ʮأҪԵԼȥʮ꣬ԲԼӽԺҪԼ
طһĲš
ŲܣܡôأɣƴӵĶӾȻĻ
˵ӶؼЩ۵һᳰЦؼ֮ˡɣ㲻ܼȰɡפ㣬ͷطˡΨһůŮˡ
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ΪһУؼطһҲôΪģԼ֮ôңΪǸӡ
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ǡ͸һƫƫҪ£̰ĵĽǣؼҡؼһ˸ŰǻŮ죬ûֱӲǼ£ֻ˵֪ǲԹ˾ġм޿֡
ڽôա
Ȼ˺ֵġЩûӣֵݵĿСҲؼ¶һֱеԭ


727 ֮

߰ٶʮ֮
˺ôȻûվڵƸߵȥָΪ
ѩӣ˭ȣƾʲôԼȿšҴҶˣҲû˭˭ˡ
Щ˵֮ʱ˭ҲûطĲáӣӺðǸԶǸǸƢ󣬲ͨͨǳȥƺ󣬰ȫһҽ
ĽҺôҺá
˺ôûָط˵Ϊ֮ˡ
˰лطһδѡܲ˱˫ӣôɡ
ǴʱǵĿӣطɪһ£Խ㣬Щ˵ĿԽطԭӣڲӺ֮ʱһ֮ºӣɼǸųġЩؼҵ˵ĻǰָѾװŮѹˡ
ؼңޣһط˵ĵӺӡ
طˣСųһСսľĴԼĺʲôʮ»̥µĶӣ
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730 漣

߰ʮ漣
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ҿ»Ǻõģ并һгϢͷͬ并ԶʱһǾôһ磬㾹Ȼ뿪иôڿô
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СȻĸߡɼֿһŭ⣬С򣬲ҿڷ
ľǲҲ˼ĸ׵ĻɱȥԼƽȥɲԼǰ̡
ûУûС֪ԼĽȻ롣ֻĸסû飬ԲŻ쿪ĸ׶û飬ʶʶ֣ô֪һԡ
ľТ˳Ǻ£һζТɾǴˡ
н죬߳ȥҲ˻үǹ͵´ǵġΪΨоҶĸ׵ĺʲô˼ɾ̫ûˡĸⷬ˵ǣ꺢Ӷ롣
˱ͼȥض˲ܡ
ҪҪЮʺﱨ뷨ֱ⡭ɲܱ뷨ңͿ


736 θ֮

߰ʮ·θ֮
ףֻҲΪҺáֿмֺɸֵСŵͷ
ΪãһλΪʲô¼޸㣿ֻΪȹǹп𣿾ûе¡ùܿ㣿ֿ⻰˵ֱףΪСźӣǰ˸ӴŰôʡ
˵зôǰˡ
ûС
űСǿϰٱ
СһܶûСǼֱֿȴСһ֪Լ䲻ӣǼֱֿ׸ǳ
СŰһ첻֪ηӦ
ֿӴ֣СźͼֿǰǼһ·򣬸Ȼ˲ֿͬС˵迼̫࣬ʲôϱ˵ʲô⻰ѹ˵ѹһ룬ɶ󻻳Сš
ˣúøŹ£زǵġӻؼҵӣ㵱ˡΪʺǸӦİ¡Եı롣Щĸ׻طţ˵ԼԼĸױ˼룬ʵˣԼЩһ졣
ֿСֵܣŻڡ
˵ʵһΪСŴ㣬Сȴ񼤵
صԼСշתһڶһŸ˷һһϢ
һЦǺǵսСŷģܰͳȥ
СصˡĿСԶһ΢ȻԥתƬ̺СǷű㵽˷С
ɨ˼ۣһӣӣûĸǷţ˼䣬ӣ󲻹һЦںһ¸˼ƽϡôԽ̰ģòŻԽʹࡣ
СţӣΡ
СŶչˣĸһЩԵġ
ĸ̫ϸˣӣʱҵĻʳίʵ̫ʺϲˡ
ӣ̫ԸҵӣмĸԶĸϲ֮ġ
СŵţίʵЩӣϣüұΪԼЩ˸һֱ׷ҵǱҵ˸ԭһ´帾֮ԣƣ磬ˡ
ӣ˵ˣȴŵЦ⡣
ô࣬ЩͿˡ޲ɢ֮ϯ˶ŷߵˣҲܸһӡ
ɢϣ֮飬ֻСŵѡЩʧˡԣϣӣ֡
Ȼˡ
ֹˣָǷšôţӣ򲻴ԿСż䡣
ֻҪӣϣСűضܡת⡣
ȻͦˣҲôСˣӦãţҲǡ
Ȼ˽СŴСЬ£Ͳӣ֪ˡСŶʱԲģ»棬ֻҪӣɸ£ÿζꡣӣ߸ŵ⼸ϣСʡĵһ
ԶСŵȥǲġ
ӣҡͷģЩˣظЩӴ˰ɡ˵ʧǼٵģһȥˣӣǲġ
΢ĩʱʶСţһ·飬ҲһԵ֡
СżȻֹⳡԵ֣ûҪǿˡҵ޵ˡߡ
ӣǶˣСĵӣҲǡĸһ´帾ˣȥ롣ԽǾԼõţԽǲ˻֪㣬֪㷽ܳ֡
ÿ춼ֺǡ˳Ľӻ
ǺֺǵķǷļ飬ֱӽӣƵֺһ
СŵļϢ·Ȼȥ⣬СȻӣС
˼죬һصӣӣȰȣۿ̶ҪˣǵúͶϣȥȵˡ
СŻûпڡ
ӣ̾ӣТִ豦
˭ŵùԺȫĸţǸıĹ̾
ڣӣҲСϷˣ̶鵽ǰһ죬ӣ÷һ˼ֻҰζҲΧ̸˵ء
ӣûӵġ
¦µĽ⿪ҲǸܺʹҴһƬġ
ټϼֿСӣʮ֣Ȼ٣סһϸüǺЦġ
Ƨȴϲּ򵥵˼̻
żῴӣӣȻͷšԵĶȾ֣֮гСٵݵӣС
ӣȫֻ趯ڡſӣĿû⣬ƽƽġֻ༸οȻ
ҼֵܺСΧ׷׷ȥƺõط̫Сʩչ԰θһݣȥˡ
һ˹֣ʾҲ⡣Ṧ֮⣬̫ˣڵˡ
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¦Լѣ缸ʶ¦ඨȻҲܼ֡һ
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һСĬĬţ¦ôô
һҺͷۿЦСֻҪһ;ȶת֪겻°
ֿ־·˹˵ЦڷǰСһĻ˵ڡ룬¦һģΪʲôܻˮӣߵģȴ˸пޡ
ӣĿһɨ㿴һ԰Сš
üͷ΢˵֮Ǳ㲻ôˡ
СţǲʲôҪ˵
ͻȻСȻŵĲᣬһԺ¦ļֿȻתСšΪԼѾȰסСţӣΪʲôͻȻڣֿӣԵ޹ʱдһʵġ
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ֿɫ͵һǰڷӣڣһСŵѡ
үС
Լ˵ӣأǼֿȴӣǸ͵ˣƺʺϵӣΪЩСǺ֣׷ˣûһΪӶġ
Ҳʵ֤Լı¡
ӣƽͣ˿񣬿ɲʾ˿¡
ֿ޺޵ĵһСţͷȾơСʲôˡ
һ˿ԱߣҲԸһߣҶֵܣ໥չӦõģһԸǰߣ˺󼸲˺󼸲ŰȫʲôӲǰС
˵ģ˵ˣȰģȰˡϡ뵽ֿٴκݺݵĹһھơ
Ӷڡ
׷Ŀǵۺ󡣶ӵƢǶ
ֻҪţһзΪʱСŷֿЦһڵġǸϹҲһڵġ
СƺŵĲᣬӣ΢һôһһէģôû㳤үңҡôѿү˵ɡؼңˡֿߵľգǿСôûá
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ίźǰ̲ҪûϢҪؼϹ
𣿡
֣ϲŭСȴͨһڵءҡҡˡ롭ءظϼҡĿİͰ͵ģѻ˵ˡ
¦Ȼһ²ؼĵĮɻ΢΢ҡҡͷ
õĻᰡŴһһ·¦ÿ˳;˽⡣֪Сڻʺߵġʱʧ䣬һ·ţ˽ľ档ѵʱûзȴڱίʱ
ɵӡ
Ҳǿ֮¡㼴ؼңذɡ
ңûáҡˡСҲûпʳһ仰
ĸʵĻʲڡ
ʵ֪ĸ쿪Ҳ֪ĸ뷨ܷ񣬿޷޷Լƽ
Уûõһ
ˣûʲôӰ졣
ö֮СԽԼáյĸ׵ź˼֮ظǸСط
ӣôƮƮһǱذɣСžǰһڡ˶ܵصġεļλڣұ˵һͷεĻδ·ߣܱ֤ߵ·һȷǵĿ°հҵãҺͷ꣬áǣͽ߾ȫǲš޲ɢ֮ϯǺþۺɢ


737 ҳ

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ӷģ¹һԶλ벻¦վġôһƴڻƵĻӦøղЩȻһɨա
Ҳûʲô£ΨһġֻҪӺ͹Ըµɽ𺣶ȥһֿ漴ӻ
һһֱڡšӣżĻ᲻࣬ӣоһ겻治˵ŻţԶ䡣¶ǷĻˣҲϡϡĽ˻
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Ҳ֪ôôãͦԶѾ³
ңң¡ҲԹӺ͹ﲻ벻ԶԶıһƵĴϴ£δȵ
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ڲôˡ
ֻСţһ˹ڻߡֿһۣܿĿ⡣Щ˾Ŭɲ
ȻԸؼ̷ȥ̷ɡ
ж־ķȻûǵ־Ҳá´Σӣ˵޲ɢ֮ϯ
Сڴܵǰ֪СҪظ£ǰСŵļֵܺƵ˵һԺһ鰸ӣҵͷ㵱ǡ˫赣ԺһǡСӶ
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СûΡ
ʱҲǣʶʶǵķҰҲ᲻ǸСӡ
СӰԼ˵ˣԼ˰ŷ֣ƺЩ̫ԡ
ΪʲôҶЦҷһͼֿĿ⣬ɵӡѵ˵ʲôִ磬ѵҪͷһְ
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˭й㵱Ժ¦ߡֿԼ˸´¦Ҳʱ¶ϲ顣
ŶṦҪҶȥȥ¦ߣҾȥƴߡ
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յǻٳſĺϷ
ӣȻΪʺ󣬿幫Ҳ¼ѡ
ЩҵʱСžȻҪߣ
˵ȥĻóȥˮѾûջˡˮ⻰˵ĴСŴʱӡҡʹˡҵûȥТ
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ֿȡ
ǰĸǽͣլȻʲô
񡭡ǿСǷź󣬼ֿĸֱǸɨǡ
ִʲô˼ȰȰСţһԿ羰˸־ǿ󲻵áղѾ˵ˡ˵ģʱ֮ʣڴʱ˵Ҫ뿪幣ǿ𣿡
룬ĸĪһ䡣
ǰ֮ʣСŴʱڣûлأǹҲСˡ
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ܱ˻᲻ӣܱǲǿ㣬ֻҪԼԼԼԼΪ֮ˡ
СӾ⻰ܶԡ
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㲻ùʧˣʧˡСţΪ֮ɡӣûпڣռֿص
СŵĹȥ
ӣû˵ʲôǵɨһˣ㱻Ž
СɶҲӣƺڵǾġǲˣٲˡ
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ӣӪʣ͸һ֮겢𣬿һñˡ
ҪϢķһˣҲʶʱѸٶˡϢСֻһ˿ɾͲȢˡ
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ҪӣӱǣҪúûš
ȶͺ󣬱㰲ظĸҪ㣬Լ³ԴöȣŶӣʮȥľ˵Ǻܴ󷽵ġһʮԵģŰɡб£ﵱҲǸˡ
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ܹ׷һܱܲߣұɱɡûҪֻЩĸҺʱ˵Ҫ౨ˣһҵ
Ȼɶ񣬲Ҳǻۡ
ۿ㶼䡣
ǣǣ䡣ֻˡ
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ȣȣá磬еġӣһȻپôСʬΡŸ˵ôˣ㲻ġãġҲˡ
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ȥСŵ˵ѡ̱ģðľʵﵽ
һСûкۣڶ죬ٴϢǱؼ顣
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ĵһĿԲСޣڿˡٳټ죬һÿմڳУȻζҲ̫ܰʱʲô⣬֮ZⱲӶл̤һˡ
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˭Ҫ˭ҪԵʵһȤҲûС
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Ӷƣ±˿ǵãӪǳҰζܣ´һҪĸ硣
ͷáZϲտĺӣһһ˵´мƻ
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ģžЩڶϵ꣬ۺΪףڻ˹Ʒߵݡ
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Щķ֮ίΡ
־в֮˲¶ͷ֮ʿҿڡ
ҪŤת棬֪Ҫʱ䡣뵽Щۿͷöࡣ
ڵۺǰܿ顣
񲿹Աǰӿ˳顣
ӣ˸ͷĿѣû취̫ɬټλϴ˼Ƶٴӣ
߹ˣʽһɷͷ۱ӷϻʳ˳
ɫصĹڳǰӣǡ
Ȼһһ顣
һ£ӣСһ䡣ҪǣߵĳԷϻʵ֮飬ҳ


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߰ʮСԩ
ӣۿȣҪǳû׼һ˽껳
ôܶôأ
ʱ黤ӵ
ӣ۾һҪ꣬ƽƽһչһ˳졭
ȵֳۣ֡һӻתǣһǰɽ
ZΪԼһᱻϻؾǣΪƳ۳ǰЦƵ˵ȥ漸죬ȥ̲ѵĹڵءZʵû湻ԣû̵Ļء
굹ãӣһ·
ڡڼϣǰɽˡ
ڷɻؾʱȻûZĵĵһƶճɹİԼ鵽ǰɽĶС
飬Zķһۣȴûж˵ʲôZһ
Ǹ磬ǰôһҲûС
س̵㶯ˣǰɽڴһһ綯
Z㱻Ӫʡ
ӭϷĵȻĵеĵӵģֵǰֱͦԼûʲôµģǵ˻ʵٵʵҲֵܰ
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ܰշZһֺõǰĵֲЦˡǲؾ棬û湻һؾǾĹµء
Ӧˣȴûڷʡ
ZԽĲ̤ʵˡ
ǿ֪ôӦԣһ˼߿¡˵Լھ̫ˣҪЪһЪ죬ٻһؾҲӲ
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·һޱĿˡ
ûڣZѾĸβˡܡҲǹⲻؾġ
Ŷ֪ĸⲻصġ
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Z۾ôס
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һȣǷZ¦Ǽֿˡ
ʮƥХطȥ
ھķɽǵþҵ֤ݣȻתϡ
βͬǰˣ·ϵЩ
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ûǣѾǵĺԼһһˡ
Ϊޣ˵
ʱĽıǷ꣬иӣżůܽơ
ʱ˳³һôо˶óԲӣ˵ĵ顣
ӣȷʵЩۣҪζʵڲз껤ţҲԼ챻ɢˡȻЩǱϾóԺúͦʱ䡣ЩͷĿѣĻá
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ӣء²ú˵һ˵ͷ롣
ֱӴͻ顣ֻǲ֪¶᲻Ỷϲ
ǷĻ᲻Ỷϲ಻మ¡ˡ㲻¶ģͻ顣ߣΪ֪ʲô衣ɫЩ˵ǰ
ΪŶδˡ
֮ʲô˵鰡
û飬Ҫ˶ʲôС۵ˡǻʵۡʵΣʵ۾ֻ𣿻ʵ۾ܲԸ𣿺ߡ
룬ʵȻֻ졣ȴӣͷƬ졣
˭С￴ıԼҪءðɣĴǾͲСˣˡӣĵǽ͵ˣǿôȥ
ԡ
ԲҸԵ¶ҵá
ԡѵίɡԽ˵ԽԼֱµһŵĺûʵۡ
ϸŰԼӼ޸С»бظ
ί¶ίˡȨƣֻߵСͷĿʵ䲻¹
꣺ǺϱģôԽԽ⡣룬Ҳ֪Լľ仰˵Ĳˡӣˡľˣ֮Ӻɷ򣬴˾Ҫϡ
ˣӣƵʵ
ﶼˡϴ̬ȣ̬ȶϿҡ


739 

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ӣǾ֮ԽĺƤˡ
ҲһҪǿǾǿʵӿЩٶȣ飬ȴܲ˵ıôһͨоֱǡȡ֡
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ұҲûǾЩӣԾǸȵĹС»ֵ
ĵ˫۾ɳˣҲɵڴʱӣӣΪǸı鲻ѣżг̣Ǳߵϼ죬鵽زҪҲǼԱ
ӣȴֲļʱ
ʵۻ⡣һŹ磬ȴķ˻ҪЩʱʱڷ꿴Ҫӹĺ뻵ÿʵǲǸõġ
Ǹкӡ
˻ͶǷһ֮²ޣһʱžȻ͸æӣˡ
ãĴ
ϴϵĵʹ죬´£ǹִ£ۣ硭㲻ܸһƢӣ̾˵ɽ׸ıƣ´£˻ǵó
ǰ֣ӣʵû̫ȥ
Ƿ겻ܲ˸·Ϊӣ
ЦյǰĲҲƤĥˡ˰һϱǷŻˡծģһǡ
еѡ´ΡұӦ㣬´ο»ӣǸ
ˣҲǲ֪ƢȻǰɻǺһֵ£ǴɱһҲֵġʵƢҲãԺúģȴƫҪ磬ԭȷʵеɱӣôĻ磬ǵһԵɢˡ
ʲôġ
˵ǡα
ӣʲôΪáǵ飬Ȼ
ôһ룬Լ̫ˣֱǸ뵰
ҲãԺˡˣˣӣ屾Ͳãѩϼ˪ءҲã磬Ժǲˣܷʲô£Ǻúòá
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ĴСðȰԺҪܣģôõĹεºܰ
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˵һʵں˾ȱɡ
ӣȴô벻
ֻǾվһԣԲֻҪڣƺЩͬ
һ·ϴҼϢܻ³һˡ¦ԽԼǰĿ̫ǳ˭˵ûŮӣλʺǵŮӡ
ܰķʰѾ̾Ϊֹˡ
Ҫ֪»ʵ۵ĴԳ˿ɱȵòǳƢˡ
ƢӣǰƺԶᷢӣӰ죬Ҳ͸żʣ˼ɫ
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ЩģȻζˡ
Ҳˡ
Ҳۣз껤š
ֱʵģҲֻӣһˡ
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ֻӣĹ١
¹ǰĿŵ԰ڰ¹ٹ¼ҹһֱޡ
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ˡҽεεģ¹ʵڲ塣׷űºҪ
εεĲǹﰡ¦Ѳϲ֣֣
¹ٰɡ¹ٲҴȤͱˡ
ӣЦס˿ڣڷӦʲôһָ¦ЦĿ
·ƣһЦա
·̹ȻˣӣǰƵţһһӣ
żӣУƹšʱӣͻܽţ˲ϷһЦ⡣ϲӣæҵСģƽʱСһֵģҲֻʱŻ¶СĻҡ
һӣһָԱߵķ羰ӣ˵š
ӣһ÷ֳһֻȥ¾µﳵҪ˱ţֱҪˡ
ֱǱѩ찡ӣ̲סĺ˶䣬ֽŵĶеӣԼֱҪֳˣһСһߣһ˫ֲָа
ڣ̧½ӹӣһ
һ仰Щӣˤȥ˵˵ӣ
ղôŵĲȴ˼롭ӣ͵һһƺߡǰһӷᣬź֪ʶСѾͷ죬Ȼ͵Ϯ
ӣһײߣˮֱӣһ˰ٵ飬ɴȴβסЦ⡣
ͻȻ;Լ۵Ļֵ
ڶС￪ˡ
Ѿͷֻֻ°˭ʹ֪ﲻãң¾
£ģֻĺܣˤȥġ
ҲܡôҲ˿Цǡ˭Ц˭Ц޾ġף̧ͷ죬ûûۺ֣Ҳûʵ۱ʺײ˱ӡûû
ˣӣֱ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
Ѹٺãӣɣǹġ
ⶺȻִ˲ƣ
ٶȲ죬ӣͷˣżҲɱһᡣ
ʱãӣ¶ƣ֮ɫЪϰա
ô䣬ԽԽˡԽֲ¼ŵĸоԽ
ֵ鶼ǲٷɢУǼﲢУӣڷ껳רλáһߵɽ¦̧ңңָԶ
ߵľͷԼɼһǳء
ֻǱĳǳضйԶƺһУԵü¼Ӳ·Ѿʱǧꡭ
سǡ
ˡζӳ£һģҲ͵һġ
ӣﵹûʲô̫ǿҵĸоֻǾáЩָоһˣһܲ鵽һЩһЩţëȻϢ
ϣҪ̫롣
Ǳسˡ¦˵ҶʶˣǱǴеյˡ
ĵºСӲǰһ·Ͻι̵ˣΪӲ֮࣬УŻؾء
Ǳأҵ˵ЩǼǧʧٵİյġܣôˣô飿
ǰô飿سǸǡ˵ˣֻûСҲóԷȻŸֻҪҪôһǣĵ¾;ëȻǵСǡ﷢ë
ʵܴ
Щģһ˸ҹȥصع䵴Ȧ
سǣȻֻԶԶţȴ÷ĵȫëʵǡо̫
Ƚǡϸû˿Ȼֳɼӣɢȥ̽Ϣܴܲ̽õϢԼʱһҪ
Ѹٰš
˵ͷ
ǲȲȥȥ̽·Ӫ
ʾЪϢƬ̣ӣӣߣһֻֻӣᱳʹƤ񲻾ʲôӣϸƤģ⼸춼ǿİĦġ
ӣźϰˣʲô
Ƿһ˿ˣ̧ͷ졣
ģÿģ졣
ӣ£ˮҵݸӣ
ӣӹˮȻ۵ģӹίʵ̫ǿ׳ȴоشлῴķòִȫȻֹͬӵģԭʼӣ
һ߸̾棬һָпⶫ
Ȼ۶ʮɰһأӣţΪ
ֻҪͻ˿ΪʱֻҪҳ


740 ²

߰ʮ²²
ӣһνǵ֪Ӱӡ
ܶĩӰ湴յĳѾ𺳵ˡġǡʶӰվǵӰ𺳵ĳҲԼС
سǽܸߣվΡĳǽ棬ӣԼСļֱҪĸױڻСӡ
ŬͷȻưܵΡĳǽԺвɵøֳǵķ
ǧ˵ĳڷ¼ٸֻ΢һǰӣˡԼĸ
Ϊӱߣʪ֮ʣسʯʯĳǽ
ȻɣΡͦľƳȴѾˣųǽţ޵İŵĿڡ
żˮĿ˵ӣϣӣ͵һ塣˺ͬС죬ֻз꣬ϲʲôɫֻǾӣߣһֻӣǱߵ̬
߰ɡգԥӵӣһͷǰŵĳš
ǡǡֵȻưܣֵ͸¶һɭȻͷͷ硣ӣȴܲ˿ů⡣
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ЩµķֳĶӣɳܷѰҡ
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͡Ǻͷ
ЩģɼӣСأȻĵĿȰ
˵ĶԣǺͷҲ֪¦ôˣ
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һϢǰһ죬ڳԷǰҲа˳緹ǰͻȻʲô£ͻȻҡֻǿأǸûʰϸ˻ϡҲ˵鷢ЩҰǾúܿ񡭡ſ֡
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Ǵ˵ش˵ġĶذռӡԳ͢лǰ֡˼ң顣ÿ϶ŷˡǳӣʳֵطֲʽղŷ˵ǸӲݴƶ˼ңҲˡʵ֮꣬Ҽϰ·ˡ
Եǳ֡Ǽ٣
˼ǣطʲôȵл֮ǰлĲ֮¡
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˴֮ءķ֣Щȥ
лűǵ죬Ҳ˽
бǸ֪֪飿
лǸ⣿ЩŸȥϣֻл֪ˡ
л죬º̿ΪһڣĿ±̳ңܻųꡣ
βѵˣӲͦ˿̡ǴϢɣ롭Ϊ飬ΪһЩ֪˶Ŀ²ࡣ


741 

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Щˣ޶֣֮˾ƣ˺ϸ׸ոִһ̷ȴı˵ˡؼʰϸĪĳ¡
̫ִҪǹˡ
껩ţӣڷϰ˯ѣվ泯վűߣﵽÿĲ
ۺĸȵⲻӦ֪ġͻȻһףѻ˯ӣһӾˡ
Ѹٽڻ£ڡ
ӣûعѾڻˣڳһְֻһֻϡӣĲꡣ
Сʱ򣬰Ҳûôˮ©Ļ·Ǹޡӣֱӣ´һƽŷ˰ɣû׼ˣܿͺá
ӣҡҡͷʱ仹磬ʱûˡͣ׼Ҳ١
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껰䣬ѾŸ̴Ӻת˽Ϊٽֵ棬ǵסԳһӦС
˵ǣǵģ͵ΣҡܵʲôʱҲðӷ̵ܵġӣ÷ɡ
ȻȷӣֱţȻ֪ǾȻײ˴ߡӭӣɻĿ⣬ʮֵЦˡǱӷɸģǷһԽ޴ҡ
국ɨһ۷Թ˵顣Ľ˰ںãٴ˻صǰ졣
и̾ǹᰡ
񡭡ҪƵġ
ؼǷѹ֪ԼĲá
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Ȼˣܸˣû۵ˡ˵ԽԽˡ
콥ˣȴûͣµļ󡣷Աӣҡ
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겻ڣӣҲû׷ʡԸװżУм͵Ŀתûʲô˵ġܵ귢ʲôѾȥˣ磬ǻűҪǰ
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µĽˡҲû˱ܵĻϣκ¶иýɡ
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ҿҪͣˣ겻үذǵԩء

磬ʵ˲²ǲǣǡʵҲԼ뵽ˣǧˡԵ޹ʵʧ١ѻ˵ĶɹͶ˵й˵ͨĵط
ΪûҴ𣿡
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ӣ̾һͷǰǧˡȫѵĸж󣿾ͻȻ̣ҲмҴߡϴƴ̽ˡڶɽѣЩġǧ˲ܾʲôз磬ѴͳһԣһֱǲĻġ
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ƵĵȻԤϣķˣ𵴡
겻ԸվڽߣŷĽˮЩǴӺ׾ȻХųߡ
ӿˮƺˡͲµйأΪ¦ǸνϢҲΪЩʧˣƺֻн˽Ϣ
ʱǧˡ
ʲôף
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ǲܡ۶ʮɰԶǸա
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÷ȥ֪ͨӵˣˣԼˡ
ӣ˵ֻҪ飬ܻ˿ֻȥѰҡҲڤڤ֮춨һ꣬ǰյԩ顣
һͣˣȥ߿ôˣʬѸࡣЩ֤ݻǻµġеʱʬҲῪڡ
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˵ʲôɵұҲǶ껪С֪ռ˱˵ģռ˱˲ʲôĵҲ£˵һЩݹˣǸʬҲû磬صġȻ֪ЩڸʱԸȥׯʬġ
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ӣЩᡣ̫ʵΪ˲̫ڣ󹬵鼸ġ̫ˣ󹬸ˡ
Ƶӵĳֻл̫ˡ
뵽̫ӣͷۡҲ޿ֵģ֪˻Ϊʹֹء
ӣ˽ӣһ
ӺͻԶԶں棬Ȧӣš
ڵʲô
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Ȼ޲ˡʵֵͦģ˵СӡһСӱһӡô࡭㲻ó𣿡
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ֲׯ˼ҡׯڵֶ֮֡Ƕ֣һܽСӵġ
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ӣ죬һʱ治֪ν֡ʵǸʮַĲ衣ׯ˼֡֡ԼҪһȥͣӣǾС
ҲֻǻԾһա
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֪ӣΣУǽûУҲӰ첻ʲô
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ӣٰ̾һ갵й˹ǣſڵ⡣Ժ̫ʳ̫¡ֲ赭һܻ踾ǰ㣬˵˷財ҲҽˣǻҪ֣֡
ҲãϵҲգ
һžΪĥˣˡ
Ի̫ûνĸ飬֮ǲݵĺޡ
֣ſڣʲôǰĲҲǰģôھ͹ˣ
Դӷǻ󣬻̫Ĵȴǰˣ˲ܳţҪʲôʲôڵӣõϢȥȰſֹ˲
̵̫̫
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ӣɻôˣҲûԼͱʲôͬ
ɵǻʺԼǰȣʲôͬ𣿡
ӣҡͷûʲôͬȨЩҶȨҲƫȨǴСӰ첻߷̵˶ЩҲϲ̫Χߣܼ


754 ˴˵Ψһ

߰ʮ±˴˵Ψһ
ԣֻһӣ˭ܶȨ޶õġ
̫֮ԷأȨƣزǵʵ۵ϡִΪʵ䷴˶Ρ
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ĵµĸ֮ûȨ֮ģҲΪ׶Ӳǿϣ֪ôܵģһʼ㲻û˭ĶȨ޶á
Ϊ̫Ůӽǡ
Ůмһˡ
ӣͬûȨ֮ģȨҲӲΪʺҲɴŹɵ֮СǷҲʮȻ֪ӣĻͬ˺δܶ׵ĽȾǱƽͣ룬ҲҲԭɡ
ӣԼʲôͬȨԽϵӱԽءʵ̫ϲ̫ණֻ񱻸Ѽϼܣû취ȻϲˣȻҪ֧ǻʵۣ͵Ļʺ󡣵ô򵥡
ӰӾǰӵأū澳Ⱥĳ棬ʵھл
ԼΧڣ⣬ܼ
ڷࡣ
Ҳֻһꡣ
һԡ˳ĺ
Ȼͦеġ˼˵ˣ˿ȨƣŮʵҲȨҲп˵ŵʵΪ֪ԼⱲȨԵһǻᣬȨƣû
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ǲǵøյʱԸԼҲҪȫ
ӣͷȷʵЩ˵ݰҲãҲգʲôԼҪ֤
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Ըķ꣬һ̲̫ƽࡣ
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ͻȻŬʮ꣬һ»ص뵱갡Ĳ¡ʺǸ١һЦЦꡣ
ˡ°ɡôӣÿޱҲΪˡҲʱ¶¶ˡȥ֪ͨǡԺ°ݡԺ󡭡޻Ҫǵˡȵ˶֮󡭡


755 սʼ

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Ҫɰһתһˣϲ
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갵ɱȻ㡣
ߴϰȴź˵ķҰܸһŲ鲻ԸĽ˻ͷĿһְ˭뵽ˮתˣʼЩ
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˵µ˵ƽĿˡ
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ҲһǵĹ
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壬ǲǵˡڡÿô졭ƽʲôǼʲôС˵Խɽˡ


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ĶǿıܡԼ侲ʶ㣺˵
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뿪ʱûʲôСﰲȵ˯š˯ƽͣ΢΢ƺΡ
ӣߣţӣˡ綼³ˡ
ûзӦӣɳ˯š
ʱʲôû룬ȥδҲȥӣĹȥʱһƬհסֻº͵ĻС
ӣɡȥɹ̫
ӣӡūȥʯҽˡ
ŻˡӿʵЩԡ·ĻƵģݺҧԼ⣬ԼѹȻŤͷȥȥҷһ
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һʱ򣬷ƺûб䡣
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ҲǾ̰˯á
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ҽأڿˣְһһҽܿ㵽ˡһûµġ
ӣֻˣЩ̰˯Ȼû¡
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뵽ԼĿǻʺûʧ̬
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ʯҽȹƣʯҽʱҲԼ¶ƺ÷Щѡ
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ȡ
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ҩȷʵû⡣ҩأ
ҽӹҩӣϸϸѡ
գķһζҩҩ൱Чȴͬҩ
ζʯҽķȷʵﰲ˯ҩȴôǽҩ֮޷⿪һҪҵҩ֮ˣһҪ֪ҩ˶٣ȻҪȡͬļ£ſתѡҩǧٹ֣ЩҩҩЧ˷˼
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Ϊ˷ôҩ
һҪ࣬Ӧһֶ
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ҩ󡣿ҩЧЩ֪֡˲ࡣ
ҽǼʶ㣬ϳҩеζҩ
Ҳ˵ʯͻҩеһζҩʵζ
ûĸףȴĸײظ١ˣΪʲôʯͽҽԺ꣬һֱƽƽ档ĵõۺأҽԺһˡ


757 ¹ظ۶ʮɰ

߰ʮ¹ظ۶ʮɰ
ҼĽּʡûӣ˭˼˵ۺۡ
һҡֱϣδֱǰ;ҽҺģһʱҲ֪Լʲô
ҩǲõġ
Ҳﲻʺ˯ʲô쳣廹ϵˣֻҵʯͲóʺѡʺСʯͼ򵥾
ҽ
ƹҽԺҽԺȴ˸ʺҩҽʵǹ޿ˡ
ϳܣ𷣡
Ѿ侲ˡӣͻȻȷʵ˲ͻȻƬʱԼΡİӣֻ̰˯ҽ˵ıʯҩ
ʵʵݲӱܡ
ԴӺӣʶܷʲôӣڲࡣѾϰӣˡͻȻӣҲѣԼҲӣһ˯ˡ
ƽﲻ㣬һȫǼʯ͡
һȥšʯĹϵżһȺȾơʯż˻˵
˵Ǹĸһʡһշת䣬ʦϰһҽʦֿѾټҽԺ
ȨƣҲûпɽҽԺµµΪ˲ԸȥĲ£ֵΪ˵˲ˣԼⱲӻֻܵССҽ޳ͷ֮գֱǰլʱĳﲡ
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һ·
ϹȻΪϻʳĻʺʯҲˮǴߣҽԺڳĽĴڡ
ʯﻰȫǶԳĸмһԳҲǼЩ˰ˡ
֪֪治֪ġȻȻӶζ¶ӡһսȭͷɲйŭ֮һ¶ǿŭȥʯ͡
ֱʱŷ֡
һԸİʯ͵ֵܣɾȻסﶼʯ˵ԼֻһھȻլӣģȥʱ򲻶࣬ʱסҽԺ
λʦȻʯ
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λټʯҽԺˣҲǸҽ͸ϻˡ
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ֻ֣ӣͷˡӣɳ˯ţĽԼ
ܸӣϲϢ
ɰźӵģȻӣ˯𡣷и嶯ӡǲԼӣĺӣӣ塭ӵĵΣգԸҪ
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뺦ӣʵҩӣʯ͵ΣҩʯҲлµġ
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ԭʯΪʲôͻȻѣѡҪĵڡ
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¹ȥټ֮ˣ
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һ۶ʮһ꣬ü˶Ĭˡ
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Ȼᣬָ۶ʮɰԴҲ֪֮ꡣ
ѵҴߣºﶼ˵ǧһ±Щϡ档вϲſֵģзֲԾѼкӲδֵġ


758 

߰ʮ
ӣɹؼǧһʵ̫ǣǿˡ
ҲҴߣֻ֮ܲѵʯıҴߣ
ҴߣӣǺĿģǸۣЩһֱݷҽԺСһҪӦҲҵᡣ
һֱûжֱ۲š
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ǸвܳӺźƽҽԺеҲڵʱȥʱֻǳӣﲡ
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ϣˣӣǶʯĻһˡʯôμ֮ˣȴѡӣ
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ǲһҵʯͣʯͼȻһһǰú·
ǸҲʯͣǷ׳죬Ҳ޷ҳʯ͵䡣
Ѱһ˱룬ο˻׼
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ǣʯԼôܣ
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мˣʵۻһֲס
ۺҲǶۼʱ״̬էûʲôϸɫ԰ףƺÿһʱ΢΢һп־壬ΪʺգǰλĻʵԼ
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ҪɱлţֻҪƻõҲʵ֡ЩȴûжҾãֻ뱨𡣿ΪʲôѡԳʺ֣±벻ˡ
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ڸ˷˭Ҵҥһط


759 Ը

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۶ʮĵǸ󡭡עǸˡ
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ȥҵңҵð¡ȥ㡭һȥ㣬Ҿʳԡ


762 

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ŮȻ̫ģĻ˵ѾǴδйˡ
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Ҳ֪ԼֵЩ̫ˡΪ˻ŭ˷ǵûһŵ
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ܷ֡Ҳ֣ҲҪһŮȥʰװˣ³һĿ򽥽ڰֵʡ
뿪ɡ
뿪ܽˡ
Ⱳӻıͼѣֱڿˮݴģ˵Ƿ̡ΨһоůȻԷӣȻӣֻҪλʺģܡݼڡѵãһǷһʵ۾Ȼˡ
ԴӷǻҽԺԽԽ⡣
ٲȻѾһԺ׵ѡ
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Ҳоղͬٴ֣ǹԹԵվŮߡʯϸԼŮ
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ȵȣе㲻ԡǼϲ²٣ԼŮʲôֱ֣֡ءҵôȡ
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֪ΪңиʧŻġҲ֪УҪġԶҰףȫĵطȴ˵һʬĻ磬̫ˡ
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뷴뵽Լ񻹺ӣսţǿˡ
ڣӣֻü˵ʵҲһġУԼҪҪִ֮ºӣΪԼ뵱ĸףΪĺӰֻҪ뵽һѪұ㲻áȥ̫ˣ磬̫ˡ


771 һŬ

߰ʮһһŬ
̫ˣ̫ˡǰ̫ˡ
ֻҪӣ⡭Ĳϸ롣⼸Ҳ룬ǲˣǵĺӣôܲϲһֱ룬ӣһӡ
ǺӣĴĹϡӣüۣĿڱǡǺӵöϲӴ˺罫һ
γԼӣҪ˼һġûʲôӣҪ
ӣĻʵһ
ΪҲĺӡӣͺ֮ѡһѡ˺ӡ
ӵһѪĺӡ
⺢ȷʵǸ漣ǰڸʱǸӣб˵˵ӣ˵̫أ˹󣬱ӺúõҲЩʱûʲôоʱӣС
֪֪ӣлع
ʱһĸӽߣһӻúõȫõиˣ˲֥¹ʲôֻҪãһŪ
Ϊ֮¡
ʯͺ̸һΣӣ塣
ӣ˵ĲķΣӣˣʯ˵ӣܻǸ漣͵˱ˣˣҲվ˲ÿӣӻѰ
á
ΪʧѪ࣬ҲŮӵĵط
Ⱳӿ²еĸ׵Ļᡣ
ʯΪȻ޲÷ʬΣʯ͵ҽȴʮ־տ˵ⱲûкӣⱲӣ㲻ӵкӡ
Ѿʼƻſĵַϱˡ
źȸһ
ʯ͵ҽݻɡͻȻ֪ӣеϢŻ÷˷硣ʱУʱĪǿӣӣҲǿ
ͻȻôһϲԴϡ
¿ջϲһ˵ӣҪζȹ
Ҳӣ˵Ķ͡иеġ
ӣˡ粻ġüɫӣðöӣȵ̥Ķڴδɡ
µģûֱһ˴顣
ʵ֪ӵģΪʲôҪôҪ齻졣Ҳǲϣɵġ
Ҳʼգûӣǵĺӡ˽ӣģ֪ӣƴǵĺӡ
ˣԹԵȻһδ¶棬ӣǿҹҵ鷿
갡꣬һˣô߸ϵĿһСô㻹ûģĽô⿪ˣԼ⼸Ϊֱȡ֡
ʵӣֻһ·ߡ
໥ţǰСߵһһӣʲô⡭
꣬Լӡ
ֻǿƳۻٷķһҪԼ
һҲûСûʲôУֻǵײӣһʵ۾ͻһա
Сȥˡλʲôȥô򵥵Ȼӣ˼
ޱͨЩƺһˣ˲ɢˡԶϲЦеתű¼Ӱˣܻȥú˯Ⱦˡ
ӵӣ鷿
Ȼӣҹӣڴߵİϣ⼸ûӣԺ
ӣ£Ҫת㱻ӣ䡣СգŴ۾Ҳ˵ôֱ㶵Ŀ˲һšʱ䶼ӣԺⷢˡ
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м࣬糯Ҫõģûϸ
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˵⼸Բ˯㣿
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ԥĳ˶㣬ӣˣܲˡѾͷϹôˡȻȥǰ״
粻ãʱġˡһһһҪӦңκʱҪˡӡŬձסԵҲ̫ġ
Ե˵
ӣͷ
ȻףҲǿܷܽ겻Եɣܲ˵Ĵĺӡ
ӣ²ǿĺԵŬˣⱲӲŲźҪǷһŬһŬסǵĺӡ
áһŬǵĺһƽصġ
Ȼ޿ӣԼĺӶӻˡʲôӣ
ŬΣҲΪһ̰ɡñɼȥɣȻܵʵۣһⲻӺӣĸӰɡ
ϲôء⺢̫ˣ¡ôС֪۸ˣô򡣡
˳˵ϲԽԽϲãԸ⺦ϲÿ£ԵڷڡǲڷʲôϲһôµģҲࡣ
Сô࣬Ҫ䡣
껺£ֱۣӣıѾˣʵôЩˡ
ɲܷ껹ӣûѡ
˽šֻ˵ЩȻ󽥽ƽҹɫˮϣһǳǳ⡣
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ڶһ磬ϲ絽ӣԺ߶Ъ鷿
۾һԴ
ѵˡǵԼ̺Ӳȥ˯İ
ɵѾͷλӺͺˡⲻǺʲôһġ
ǺãǡΪʲôǹȥ鷿үӦӻӣԺһĵϲһЩԵ
ѾͷҲ֪ôӵģһôʵصһ˰ôôһ񾭴Ĺء
ʵصķһʱ˸硣
һǶˣóպͶС֣׸С
ӣûӣԺ鷿ˡ
һȥϳӣûѣӣҴñǣĻκ˲ôš
˳ϻ鷿ӣ˯һ춼û˯ãڷ껳˯˸þ
ӣӣĻ
Զһ׽ιУʱ˸Σ³ѼҽԺԺ
⴫Ȼϸϸ˺ϲҪô죿
ҽ۹۱ǣǹģһʻûСֻ˱㼰ʱЩֺҪº󣬺ϲᣬʱ˱Щˡ
ҽ·һ˲е⡣
ص˼ʺӣԵĲƷ
С˿еϸϸģڼ
ζЩֱá
ӣȻϲ˰붼ûҪµĸо࣬ӣʾⱥˡŶӣʣµȥšӣЩۣ磬㲻һЩġֻ࣬еζʵڲϷθڡ
Ѹٽš
ԸʰֺŻصôһ˶
˵ܣӣЦöȻҪһ˶ˣҲŲ÷ָ硣
һ룬ռ
۱£Ե
¶֮ɫ֪ôԵ𣿡
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ӣֻܿıʾԼⱲֻˡ
˶˼죬ȻһЦˡоΣҪµĸо𣿡
ӣ˶Ȼҡҡͷ֣ȻûµĸоҪ֪ǰǺȿˮҪ¸ڵء
ǵıϣһֱһ𡣡óۡ
꣬Դ󡣡Դķ۰뽪ϵԺ׵Ĳ˺ͻͦԡ
ҪӣˣθҲźˣҲˡһжõķչһжõġ
Ӵ˺ӣ㳤ס鷿ˡ
Ϊӣס粼һС䣬ųߴ繻İ齣˼
ȥƶ
ӣҵǰ˯ϯ˼ĸо
˯ǣټһԷ껳ļӳɣڰ˯ϰ
ʳ棬һͶһ𣬶ҺԵĶһӣȰҲҪиͬͬ
⵼ӣ˵ֿԣȴֱǡ
ã֢״ȷʵˡ
һµһһ¡
ˣټϷιļӳɣӣľ񽥽ָˡ
߰˿ãСҲ˵ģһ֪չ˵ĺܺá
忴ıӣ
ϴλլҪ游ʱҪЩ
ǰк˵ԼЭˡӣһ
ӣչ˺ܸ߸˵ġܽʲô˵仰һԵĳ˹˼죬ڽ̽ӣˡ
ӣȻܿġ
̵ģҲסˡ
˵ŮĶͷѾͷ
Ůˡ֪ҲЭˡ
ڣˣҪһŬˡһӭбĵ


772 

߰ʮ
İĺϺµġج廨ţһӣӣһѪĶſ֡
ʱͨᱻѡ
еʱεӣСʱ
Сʱӣܶϸ嶼ˡʵСʱӣôġ
ӣҪʲôʲôǱǶŮˡ
ӣˣҲΪӣҪŮļ޸ջӣӹΣԼŮԼȻǿɰģп¾ǽݰˡŮ˻ϲĹӹĲ⡭
Щ嶼ûϸֻһһӣԸ
ʲôԸǧټƵ㡣
һ۱˷ӡ
ٷ磬ھǻҲҫ۵Ĵڡ
ѹûӣͷֻǾüȻŮϲûʲôԵġӣȥҷʣʲϲԼŮҲֻǾ÷۹ⲻУѹûԼŮ⡣
¡
Ǩŭʣǿڵʱ۵ϣѷʬ
ǿдŷµȥŮҲʱûҲ¡룬ֻҪģһҵŮǸģʱһȥҡ
Ȼ򲻸ˣҵŮˡ
ŮҲˣ˷ʡתϲϷꡣһŮǲƫĸо
꣬òƷ»ƣɱȷʻϲ¥ʱʵѾ֪ѹûӣʿϣѵȷʸεķԼƷòֻпɵŮ
ӣһ꣬ڳѵŮǣֻɫпɣƢ̫ϲĹ
룬ҵŮһҪúý̵Ůȥǰˡ
ʧõŮκ̡ܽܿ㷢֣ʵùܽˣŮһѣ̥ˡŮεˣȻŮá
һƷԼһ衣
ŮáŮõĺܡʲϲǷû
ʵ֤⻰٣ӣǸʷ͹ƵĲǰӣ񵹳ӣĮԶԣô
ɼŮжãֵλĻӿ
ӣ˵ѾǸùˡ
ȴû뵽һ죬յϵȴǷ
˼ǰЦӣһ̾ΣСֻҪŮҪģһǹԹԷϣο궼ˣǹ˶һˣʲôӣѾͷСһֱԡǰСû˻һʶˣ쵱ĸˡ
ҪѧˣٲܺˡʲôһʬĻٲ˵ˡ
ŮĴŮ̫ˡӣæϴ
Ҳȫ㣬Ǹ̫ˣûǵ顣ĸʱƽģȴֻĸǣ˭Ǹ֣ܳȥƴµĸ׵Ķ˰ɡ
л¡ӡҵĶ͡ҵǱסⱲӿ¶ûᵱĸˡˣøˡˡȻҪúšۣҽġ¹ܱ̥ҩж࣬ԹԺȡ׼ӿ൹ǰ͵͵ҩǼĵѡҵö꣬ѷĿ㡣
ԭĺʷ
뵽Լҩȷʵܶ㣬ܵ㵹漸ζǷԶţλÿڡ
ڸУŮô֪ص𣿡
ǡĺԥ
ӣ̾Ϣ̫ˣⱲӶĲˡ
ܵͷӣĸˡ֪Ƴۺͷһ˵ͬ⡣
ܸмߵЩˡ
꣬壬ƳۣţֿСӡЩһ·
еĳֿеĳеĳ¡ΪǣԼ塣
Ůӹȥĵڣִĵδڳ뻹زԭǼֵܿһֻлᵱ游ΪϣֻŮ
ֵֻţֻĽķݡ
ʱСѡƥñѡС˺⡣Ҫȥ⡣УӣʵڲĴ
ʵҲһǸСء
ǸŮ˵ʲôôˣӽ
֣Թףڳһ顣
˵ԺŹزԭӣСüƥǼֵУƥƥƥֲģù汾ּƥ
ӣԷЦЦȻ۾
һֻ
ڲһ˶ݱˡ
ΪһԹűǡǧܸͣһͣ˵һٻغϡҲ֪ǲĬΪֺ估꾹ȻԴסһ󡣸С帮תתϲıСڻҲСĸۡλ壬д󲮵ĸۡȥ۽硭ǧ游밲
⻰ֱ˵Ŀˡ
ѵĶԡȴǻ游ͷܰʹͻȻ󼸸תǼƽԸСĺܡһù游׬ô˵ˡӣŬѹ׳׳ġ
ôתˡ
ӣĵͷ
һͷһۣЦˡ
ŵġ
ϯӣչ˵΢Ҫѡ۵ӣУҪõģҪ˴̵ġ
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ӣĵ԰ڵġǵ׵ءĿͲ룬ֻŮŮͦá
԰ڡչӣ극
Ȼһȥ鷿˵ЩҪû˵ȻڴӦӣ˯ӣһЦüۼķӣչ󣬷ѾԸ·Ƶֱ鷿ˡ
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һϯֵԹǸɵסߣĲĺء
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ĸϲ˲裬˳ȥſڡӣ·ݻǳǲʱ򡣿Ǹĵӡذһ첻ƣܾ̥Ҫư
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ⰸӲǸлš˶𣿰Ƴȥ¡԰֪ĲƮƮ˵
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ϣԿ䡣
ҿĲ
ôСӲ˶ԷĴҲ¶࡭⻰ǿʡ
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Է⶯Ӳ֪˶١ȻЩû١ܹǧӣ˼ǧ㣬ʮʿӰӵ㣬ֻһʱˡ
νʮֵĽڼ
Էۣͷۡսȴǲֲ١Ȿʤˡ
룬ܳôӣ͵ôֵġ˭ҵ
۹ǡûСҲǷԿ䣬Щ㰵вãĿ鲼
ſУûĸõóֱʡ
֮ǰķأҲĲá
£ܹɽϡȱҵһ죬Ǹޣһ˵ɵġ
һҪӽС
⻹꣬Ҫײһ㹻ˡ
ֱɵġƶΪʵҲͦġҲֻܰŵĳˡ
ٺ󣬼˶Ͽ첻ôУԵ޹ʲַôˡⱳ󣬵ǺΪ
ʯͼУˣʱǸʮҵˡ
ģζûʲôص㡣ûʲôעĵط
ô꣬ѹѮ


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ʵأɵġ
Ƿ޷Ǹιıϡƽ۹ۣܿѹ߿¯ࡣڸ£Ҳôˡרһߣȫר˾ЩصȨ͹죬ͻִѹ⵹ɵض֮ͬ⡣
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ʧ˰ؼңǣܲһࡣؼǵΪʣؼ֮˾ȻĿ顣ıɱҲã飬궼ûϢ
쵶նؼңҲǸһѡ
֮عȻϱΪʣ
ƳѾȥһ飬ʵϢ
ԷλεǴδйһʱԱ౧ԹҲ⡣ɳȥֻԽԽȵһ죬̫ƽʢ
һֱŷˮ㡣ԶЩССֵģ̫⡣
ֻҪ££Ըֻ۾ֻ۾
ɶԷǰĲ֣ԾǳġܶԷͼʲôͼҲãǵͷгҲգöԷóѡ
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ЧܸáΪأʵǸСط
ֳЩΪֱҲִʵ֤ȷʵˣ˼ǧˣһЩǶǵĴţʲôûС
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޳ˮ͢˷ҲԶסڿڡ
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̥ⶫʹûӣ˵ĵֲõŷ˵淴Ůֻģɵĵ˵ͷ˵ĶֻҪ㲻ۣҲ޷ۡӣЦڷЦǵĿлӡ
룬СŪǺŪ塣
û취Ů
ԺӣĳСӣҲǱŮǲҲôԽԽڴˡӣˣǱӣĸ߼ɡ¦ӣ˸̨ס


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ĶһλϣûʲôֵôСֵģƺЩܾˡ
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˵Ǽ£ĸײϣŮڷҵλ׿Ȼ׿ȻЩСӣŵ㣬СĹ߳ĸϻӣۣĸ
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ǵһЦ
ĸϻСҲϲ
ˣаɣһԸһԸԵ׵Ϊϲˡ۲ĲͷƷ裬Ȼ
ҸյֻԼ󼸾䡣ڹУ˺ܶҰʷ̸ЩйصĶ׫˵ӴС䣬˵ΪС伲ࡣֱ۲Żû¶¶ĻӣʾϿɣ̫ӵʸǸƾˡ˭ֳĶ˭ߣ̫֮λ䵽λͷϡ
ʱӣǵġ
ѡ̫߯ˡ
˭ֳĶ˭վӱֲǳгŮѡ̫ѵӦͶ
ӣˡ
ｮСҶӡ
Ҫ뿿ȫΡǶǿӳԺӣԺ
ЩǿҲӣ˾ԽûʲôԽϡʲô½˳Զٺʾʡ
ڿϺľϣԵ档
ƫƫȱ
ʵȴֲϺԼСÿ޷
ЩҰʷӣûе棬޷粻ˣҰʷżҲе涫ӣֱ˼ǼѵȻҵȫԿ¸ȴһֱչӲڹʲô
ҵذʱλӶλҪ֮ʱ
룬ʱûѪķӣԴȫΣ°ջΣ
صλʮ⡣
ڷϰͼϲʲôǸСû𣬱Сط
Ϊ壬ֻҪзӶɹӡɹ˿ءôһ룬ûгױ˸ѪֶΣ¾Ϊ۲أλ֮˲ò
ȥռ˰ָϽ̫֮λǸ˼¡Եʱ˲ŻȥذȻıǿѹȥû
ֵ˻ʵ۸֮ʱõľɾ˳
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ѡ̫ӵķ档ѵѡвŸɵģѡڵģ
Դ֮Աǡ⻰һмЩ̿Լǡĸڣ̫֮ܵλҲΪնѼҰںϵԵʰɡ˵ЩԴΪңһ굽ͷҲϲ˼ΰֻ㹻ڵĻӣðռסŰɡӹļֱǲ֪ǺϦ׼ʵ˭ǶһԺء
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ҲС΢ʵǰҵиӰɡ˶ԴΪҡ¦ֱһƮ
ˮ㲻١
ҲذѼҰˮаˮӡ
Ͻһհҵ
С⻰˵Ĳ١ȵۼݱµ۵ǻȻ͢Ѹ¡ɹ˼£аղ֪Ѿ˻ʵۡˮϡ֮أҲҸڵĵʵۡϢıǵ˻ʵۣ󣬻в֪˻ʵ۵ء
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ۼŻԽ˵Խƫᵽˡ̧̧֡
Ȼֻǲ²⣬ƾݡЩҪ󵨲²⣬С֤ǸԷĶˣһһҧϵġҧ˹һץס
꿪ʼáӣһ԰š
ŷĲգ侲Ĳ֡ʲôԷϹαƶԷһȥ
ӣһֱ֪¹ϣй֡
£ǲһ֣Կ׼һõԷߴ硣
㿪ʼãЩտһ֪⣬ӣ겻ùʱİţֱǲһһһԷҧǾ޷ѵġ
ƽʱ껰٣ܶͷˡ
ʵͷֻǸһ֪С
׵ȻЩᣬ࿴ۺĺϷ΢УƳ۳˳¦ӣ¦һʵˡ
ƳҲ˳˵ﻹ£һˡ
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һ޹Ĳͷӣһʲôµãӡӣݺš⣬Ц⽩˽ΪζֶţǲǸϵĿŵЩã֡
Ȼûڡӣʱˣ
鰡һء
Ӳŵıº˵áˣһһۣƴ˺¦ʶʱĺܡҸȴǸֱġҶ˵仰ģȴζˡ
һˣ˵ʱܱܲ߿
ԼȲ裬͵ߡ
۽ãҲιС̫ˡ
ȻҴˣҲϷˡ
һĵ˵ͷ˵ˣ¾˵ġˡ
Ļѧáһûˣ˵ĻġĻֻܸ˵ֻܸ˵ⰻȻ
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ӣģʱ޿̶ӣߡ
¹˭Ҳǣռӣ̫ʱ䡣
Ҳ֪Լ̫Եˡ
û취ӹһһ죬ۼӣһһ죬Լ񾭶ǽģ·κһС⡣ܲסĳܲס
ðӣƤӵ¡
Ƭ̲ĿţţšƳĹ⣬Ƴ˵ħˡ
ԼȷʵЩħˡûӣ˭ֻһӣءӣƤ񣬸ʹӣ̾Ϣ
˸Ե
磬̫ˡ
֪ӣЩ⣬Ϊ˲ء
˵˼ɳա¹ɳճħⱲҲֻһءӣǡȺȥԭɡ˵߱ģӲԭʼɡ
˻һαִš
ȵԴӵǻʮһδǡ
󹬵ŮҲˡԴӼ޽ʹ޳֮ա
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ǸûʵۣǸڣܾĺûʵۡ
һȥѩɽ
á
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ĻʺᴷʵۣȴŲõЦ⡣ĻʵʺС֣ӡԼߡ
»飬˼аమˣһԲˡ
ӣ̥࣬ϲë⺢ȷʵһ㺢ЩʯͰнӣ˵⺢ЩƤضȻǸĺӡ
ӣһʱӣԺһʱŷЪ鷿
ʵ۶֪ۺ
ϳʵۺͻʺ󼸺Ӱ롣
ʵԡ߶Ҫūź򣬶ǻʵΪ
¶һֱڱԹ˵ʧҵˣ˹һӣԺ£ֱ¿
ӣ˵Ȼæͳɸװɡ
һʱڣ˻ˣʱлϳǳض׵һԣֵ
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ЩӸȢޣֱȡгʺһֵĹӡ


775 Զ

߰ʮԶ
ӣһֱиԼԻɣĲ
ǰĳ٣Ҫӡ
ȴԼŪǽ壬ĳһ縡ƣԼһӡӣھȪ֮ӦҲ԰Ϣˡ
ţúõĻ
֪ǲҪĸ׵Ů˶ƸУӣԼֱˣÿ붫ģ굹úܺãӣʱ˼֤¡
֪󣬰ѷúá䡯һ˼һϱȻǺ£޴Ͳ̫ˣӣƵģûϢΪɸ֡Ŀʼͬˣģһô뾭ѵġ
ԼŮλ׿Ȼ£ӼװӶ
ƽĹʢġ
ӭ˳
£ӣĺѾˡǰѹһټϳԲ˯㣬ºϲЩθɲѡ⣬ŶȴԽˡÿӣһΣҪ߶һŮ˻ԽԽܳԣԽɫԽãֻӣ͸Źɲ
ʯѾбӽС
ʱӣԺܽһСԺ
ÿӣӣҩԴϲӣԼֱҩӣ̥ҩ֪˶ٷ
ȻЩһжá
ӣ¿˶㲢Ѿͷġӣ˺ӵʯϣСѾͷվΧܣеߡ
мСѾͷղδĺСѡ
һѡලСģҪƵġ
ýǮǻӻǹá
ƣСɫߡŮæȻ졣
ЩӣʵڲóֻܾԶ֮ΪӣŽįƼ廨Ŀ˵ȽַСѣǸо
Ȼãʵ
˼ӣٲˡ
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ǷӣְǸֻȰƴЩСӣһʣôС
ǰ֪صĺССһšĳߴ㹻ˡСºЩѾͶˡ˲źã֤СӳĺáԺҲ࣬ͶС׼һЩ
ԣ׼һЩ˵߾ǱҲһ׼ģۿţūģܹζͬ
СѾͷߴߴһһ˵֡
ӣǺЦϲʡ
͵øУεȵ⡣ֻǺ´ĥѵӣӸоѾͷһɹɹ̫ϲ㵽ˡ
ˡ
ˣӣһʱûӦϲæЦŲӺĻӡС塣
϶ӣ˵ֻһܶԵϺŵġ
ˣȻ˵ʮֵó裬ϵϾûм䣬ʵԱϰԵĿʣ¡
ӽϲϢдŸۣ۴ϲӺĻͲƷūʮװġµõ֬ӦоСмרװСõĶ˵Ǿȥǰһλ¡
ӣȻҪȥġ
壬Ļ־ĿУӣ䶼ˡ
˾Ȼˣ˵Ǽٵģӣɶǰȥ
δˬʵЦ
ȻһҪƷݶɤ˵һֱ￴Ը˵ǻǽ˳ѾͷĹ⡣磬Ѿͷ½Ȼôһٷɾ뿪ʱв˱Ц롣ȻСܽѵˣСﻹһֱš
ϴζţ˵ˣǷϵĻӡ˼ǲģû뵽ҾôһöȻôˡǼСӻûϱء˭Ҹ¶ҲֻдҵӴ󡣡
ޡһӿڡ
û㣬һ·šǰûܵ
磬㻹ûɡǴĴӣСɩҵģȥŻ
ʱӣѾ⣬Ϊӣĵеʱһӣżӭϼ˫ߡ
СЩɱˡȻ壬ֻĸƵÿֹӣлŮѾСˡ䣬¶Ŀżİס
겻ģˡСʱȫҶ㱻״ţɱһɵСӣѳĺܺá˵λģƣǸղǸɤţǾӦˡ
ӣĻ塣
¶֮ɫ
Ȼתͷ塣˵ˣǲ𣿡
ǼǲˡҵʱҲϲáӣѵʲô
ӣЦҡͷλֳˡԲܷλ壬λĻ壬λһ·۳Ͷ١Ӧǰ֪һǷҲóӭ
ͷȻתͷԽˡٲСʱǰƤˡСʱֻƤӣϲһԵʮ֡ʺˡ޵
мŮɵĽ
ֶŮȫĵıСʱű
СѾͷĺܣ廳ﺰ壬廳ﺰ󲮡Ѽ֧ʹת
磬һתҪĸ׵ˡ
ӺǸп
Ѿͷǻʺʲô񡭡ѾͷĻúÿĵƺ¾ӣѹɤţӣͷһЦߵĻǰ
Ļ´ӣɨ˼ȦŷĵĵͷͷһͷߣֻСӹǲ⡣񻹻źӣֶŮúúøѾͷһ
ոεֶŮе
ƺͨ׶æͷĻģܰѰӣİװֵġ
⻰˵ʵڡСӺ⡭Ѿͷ۹⡣ĵǸġ
÷̫ףģ̫ʱ÷òãƢҲǼҳѾͷ۹ⲻ
ӺĻӼ˰ӣĿת򾲾λϡģĸװɡҲ̫ҵĵطüۺ㣬ֵܵĴֿĿʡ
΢΢һЦͦеġ
ӣ֪λӣҲ󲮵Ĵӡ

ȻûԷȻ¶⣬ӣȻ
ֳ
á
ֵҺͰӣǽġֵﲻ̫нʱǰӣԼߣº͵ĵ
Цл˸׵λ
Ů·²衣
ղűӣϵҳʽӵϢ˵һû˯Ȼô׼˵ʱ˵γޣһ
ҲðŸʼʵֻ߲û뷨ڶˡЩĶ붼Ǵ׼ġֵܾó;棬̫绹ҪװءѾͷҴ仰
˵⺢ӱ¹ǻӻǹ
⺢ϺߡȺӻˣǲԭԽ̺䡣
ĵȻѹɤţڴҲϻˡ
ֱӣѪڡ
Щԭˣȼ꣬ȺӴЩһҪȥԭ
Ƕǰǰ߶á˵Ļ̫ˡ游δ䣬λ㽫ϣȡĻᡣʱЦӻ
Сӣ㸸ֲζűֵܡȻûһˣҲǴɡҲˣ㳤öȣ˵µؾ㸸ҰӡҿѾͷСӹĺѾͷ˵˵ôյΰӵģĻҲ߯ˡ
ӣ˻ûһյĹ
ѾһԵĿ˿ڡĵܣԡ
磬ûˣһΡҺ氡ˡǰûۣ֪Ӣˣյüֱǡ׷ˣǳѾͷб¡ĻӱˣĴ⡣ĺ棬۳òһˣôȢԼֶŮ
Ȼ˵ԼֶŮá
ϾԼҵĺӣǧõġ
ǽͷġֱŮ֮Ͱ
ģȻҲɺͷһıǷ˼ֻġ
ûˣĻӹϿڣҪһºġĵܣѾͷƤû⻰һĸʵֶŮԷġ㸸˵ϴ̫ܵأ˲⺢ʮࡣһҪע⣬Լ
游һ㣬ƽ
ӻ£Ѿֵл
ӸæǿˡⳤЩĻҪЩã˱áϺͷⳡ£Աϣϰ֮ս¡


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߰ʮΥ
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ӺĻ¶Ц⣬Խ÷λĻʵ˲еϱ۹⡣
һ·۳Ͷ٣ҲԸӣ̫ۣϹ
Ȼ˳˵˼ϲȥŹ硣
ڼ˵סʾԴӣޣլյĺܡ
ӺĻҲһԾԾԵ飬ڷסڹĽҡҡͷӱʾסڹס淽㣬ǿǵһǣȻҪúùһ䣬һķˡ
Ҳǿϲ˽⣬˲ٹڼ˵˵ϲĻϲмλ档
Ȼ֪óĶǷƷ
ѾһˣƴԵݡλӸ߸˵ˡ
תֳ֪ϲʲôﻹмǰֳֻǲ㵱͸ֳļ污񡣡
Цл
дԶ׼ϲ֮ɫ
ֶŮ۹ãһ۱㿴⺢ϲŪīЩ
Ļӿ
ֳʱ򣬱²ֳܻϲǼֻ֮ҳݣλֳϲͺá
λǣʼ¶ǳЦ
ǿĿ⻹ǿӣĿ⣬º͡
ӣҲ֪ǲԼˡܸоλδıֳЩΥ͡
Ȼһ˲ŵģģȻէˡ䣬Ӵ֡λĻԳЩһۿȥҲеǹơ
ҲЩء
ֵǳһУмȴ֡
ӣûǴӡҼλá֮͸Źɹ졣
˼λˣӣӣԺȥͥŲӵӣʱСġ
СӣԼĳ˸ޡ
һ顣
磬ûô
Ů˽Ǳ˳ġԸ㡭֮⣬ӣǷּҲ֪ô˶Ů̫㵹ֻҲ
ûõ˲ŻŮ˽

ҲȻ檾лɶԹ˼ȴоġﶼϲΧתϲ˵أġѵҼҰӣڲͬ
ͷ΢ѬľС·ϣ΢ټº͵⾰¼ֱȻҪ
˶Իûʲôּȫ֮
Ҳ֪Щ˶ϿܾͻٺܶԹŮ˰ɡʲôûдӹȰ
˭ҡλ˿ɲʡ͵ĵƣ˭ҳŮȣ㳶˼ŮȡӶ࣬ʹӣھǿ˲֪˲
˭Ҫڴӽ
ýűš˼ûŮûӡ˰ɡ˼ܻŮɡ¹Ů껹꣬Ӷס
ֵļֱֱ׳
˱˼ι١棬㱻ý˻
ŮŮû˵סýźףһǸԹ֮ҡǴŵҲҵĺ¡˵ˣ˼ôˣûûʹýĵš
㲻ͬ⣬ýűǼš
ܲͬ⣬Ͷʹýŵš
û㲻ܼ˵ġ˵׵Ů޲ų̥ûϵ˼Ҳû˵ùŰȶףȹＰǺٹš
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ʹЩ
Ҳûɷ涨ʹ˲ȢСϱţ۲Σ˼ȨʱԡĽҲȥ԰ûš
ˣŪҲֻһλˡ
ͨܿ죬ּӵĴ˱˱ᡣЩӣֹסЦǸҲǸ⣬¶˱ɻˣ˵Ѿм汾ˡ
ңѹ
˵ĺ粻㣬ƵġûĵѾͷ
²磬λЩҵġЩҲûлģֻǵõ̳ܲġ
ӣһ٣һ˵Ƥ
Υ͵ļֱ̾Ϊֹ˵⣬Ҳһ
ȻƫƫǸġԺ󹬼ƫƫôһͨ
ôоЩԿء
ҶӴˣҲסˣسҰڰˡ
ϲѹ޹ء˰ŮС֣ҲǺùġδ˵ⱲֻȢһӣΪѾĺˣԺұֱԡ
ǹܵأȻҵ˽¡ǣΪʵǸӣ˭һء
ӣ룬˭ѷ굱ӣ˭֪λķǸ¹ϣɱ˶գ۵
֮Ը޷ǾԼվڵߵϡ
۽ˡ
Ǿ»ʵҲҪˡ
һֻȢһӣ˵ʵˣ¼ֻмĶ˶ɷء˹ӸƼˣȻŷⱲֻȢһ
ʵûҪǼƽϡ
䡣
˵ѾͷܲټһЩ
ˣѾˡ磬Թһ⡣λֳġӡ֣ǲЩϹأ
û˵ʲô˼ɡϾˡҲûôིٲҲֵܸܰɡ
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岻ǽ͹˵岻ã游ҡ游Ƕˣһ˵ϰأҲʲôֵġ
ôֲ̫̤ʵĸоҾ˵λֳ̫Դ¡Ҳ֪ŸҲ˹ȵĻƣûҪ䡣λֳηһ·档·ϻλչ˵΢ܸоôϸܵˡ
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ӣĻҲмֵ
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÷һвһ顣
÷һСЩҺ˼룬ֳͲˡ
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ǰȻǷĵġȴ˵ˡϾ»ġСߵˡܵʲôʱǶɾġ
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ӣͻӣԺתֻ鷿ƳѾˡֵܵҲɡǸеȴЩ̫Ⱥӡ
Ƴ۸Ӵһ·ӭǡ
λһӺмƣǹֱӡ仰Ĺ򣬱Ƴ۳ֵ
λҲǾнʼգԵƽ׽ˣȴƳ۾ò̫
΢΢ü
ղŰӣҲ˴¡˵ĸо̫̤ʵ
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һһ䣬˲ɿ


780 ѡ

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ֱЦãô򲻵á
ݺ׼ڣԼ಻סѣϱڻҪҵ˸ѡСѾͷ񶼲ȵͷˣҲֻ̾˰ɡ


781 ѡ״

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ŹǰʱҲ֪ηӦ
ǴȥµĹǰǡϲǲԭزԭ
ĻӵͷҲǿ
ԭңҲ԰ҡֳѡɡֻҪǺֳԵĹҲԸֳȥԭһġ߶ԭôԭӥɵĶôߡ
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ٴλصԭ㡣ĸվ˵ԼԸԶ޲ԭ
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һźĳûйԸȥԭ
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ֳҲļԵˣػġ
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ܷʲô׺ɣСԶ
硣ˡ
ǰİλø˷ꡣ˵ԼȥϿ
ӣԺⲽ
žˣȷǺѾѺˡΣԸ
λŹ⡣ϧȰһȰžѵѾȰˡɲܱôȰԼ뿪ֻһΣҲҪ㲻ȥ
¡ֹ߲ܺŹһˡżŵĴ󽫣ȴ۵Ĳ¼ɶҪˡ
ðݣѾˡ廹иǼƢ˵游ҲǸһζƫ̻Լ˵ӡ£ϺҪзɸˡ
ǻ游Ķ֣ұæûġ
յǻȡǱ㲻ˣֻءɳ֮㹻ˡǵ԰游¶ġ磬ʺ
ݸλһЩ꣬żڵʱӦǾʶʮα˴ˡһɣѾˡ
ҲôΪġƻЩвáҪ֮ءԽңԽײ
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786 ٹ

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ӣ뾡취ðһоġ
ذڿƽˡδãȻɷ
һ÷ֹ꣬
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ذȥ̫Ȼʯ˵ԤҪЩҲܴ⡣иһĹ֮ˡӵӣ˵
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ֺôһҾᷢһġ
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ķ궯Ļӣػ䱦Ȼˣ㲻⻹ҡֻܰĴһһֱ硣
ƺ۾Щ졣
ֱ΢΢ӣС껳
Ѹ۵׵ĺ⣬תƻᵽ˺ӡ֣ϲģ
ҿ𣿲ҪŷĹȡ˸𣿡
˸мع˸ֻ˵ϲ֡
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ġǰ˭ҿ֮£˱׼ʱʺġ
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ΨŮǴӵĻ
ûлլûƳۡ
һƳۣɫ㲻̫ÿˣֹʱƳۣһû¡ƴ˺ƢЦЦ¿ģƢĺܡҹ߳ɫ
ٹƳǰȣţǵƴ˲ãǵ˫СЬ
ƳǰҲôšһԼĻӵ
޹ؽҪĻ廰˰ҳֱƵԼ޻˵Ӳһʲôֱ˵ɣô죬˰ɡõƴ˿ɲµӡ
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ӵܣʵȴĻӡ˵ȥ˭ţô᣿ھȡôӣҸ˵ʱҲһȡͳǲŪġ룬¾ǳױ游СŻϣڼ䣬ǲǷʲô£лɳã
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ҽܡ˵һֱϣֻܶȻð䣬ڵʱѵ¶棿
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Ѿϴˡôʱ䣬ܶǸðġ
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ͳܵ㡣
ʲôҲܽҳ˸ӣȻǳŲԭţⳤģе˳Ӣۣеȴ˹ܣûʲôϡġ߷Ͱӣصңֵ׳꣬㵣еġ
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ϾǸСԼҸ̡
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ȢȢһƷԱŮҲ÷ͶƫƫİŲ⡣ӦǱӦ⺢ӾĺܣҪ롣
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˱áǲˡܿүҪ䱸Щ֪᲻Ϊ˾ȺֶΡ
㵣ҴҡڵԲżͨ籨ţģ¶棬ҾϢ
Ƴʲôͨ籨ţϢġôͳͨ籨ŵСˡļƽϣ˵һ
ˣûûεʱֱܰ˻
ƽʱļˡ
Ǹìܵˡү¶ıáҺͷˣҲſȻ̫֮ѵ˹ؼʱһӣ˭ż˵ĶԡżһǺһԹԿڡҪǰӣ壬¡ۿһһ죬ıԽԽߣиһҽУǸʯ̫ͣܲġ
ֹʯͣҽԺļλҽ㾡ܷģģҲǷġ
⵹ǡС㵹⡣Ѱӣĺء˾ӦˣӣĸʱҲˡʲô檣Ƕ˲Ÿһס
ǡܵ˵Ķġ
ǡҺͷСӵǡһСƴѾ²ˡ
˵ʲôʲôɡôѷ꽻ˡ
Ǹ
ĻͶ
ƳΪҪ¶棬Ҳõȼ죬ʱ
Ȼ˽ˣĶжƳ뿪ȥӺĻӵסһһʮ档һʱмַ¡ʼգߵľȻǺĻӡ
ôô˼顣
ǺҲ̫ˡңôǧټƵðΪʲôֻΪ˻ϾǣҲҪ۰
ԺͿʼıˡ
Ҫðһ˿ɲסòһΪһڶ˶ĿͷβⶼǶʱġ
ˡ
ΪʲôҪô
ֳ㿴ңҿ㡣֪Ҫȵܽˡ
ΪȺܾá
ٲᵽ㵽
ǡ
С˵ǹӻˡЩʱԸǻظ֪
ʱƳۻûΪֻǹһСûжѰ˼
ƳѾʵ棬ʱظӡĸӣ


787 

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ǻ˭˭ôĵӣӷʡ
ǰ˭ôĵӡĻӶһۣĵʵ˴𰸡
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ܿ죬иϴŵЦ⣬ָ밲ޱ飬鵭ģϿϲŭĻӵͷеĲյƺͻȻԼȵĲҶ
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ҲòϣƳǰ棬Ҳֱ治ǰǼ١
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ﵫˣҲСӡΪ׷ʳԼĻأΣɻ⣿
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пɡ
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ֶ˼ˡûʳԡ߹󣬶ׯòȢĹֶ֮ҡ
ǰòкͼٵٱ޶վ֪չзʲôԱ弸仰թα

ֶڡ
ȥĺʱ˵ػ˵ĸо
ƺЩͻ
οڣԼѾ಻סˡ˲ǹжĺܣɲôͿԾĹ磬Ŀ÷һС˸ǹⰴӵĻ˳ƶӦ
ʲôһƷԱ֮Ůʲôòǡ
ѹʲôûӦ
ǹԼվģҲǳѡеġ
磬ίʵй˭չǸ˭
ӻһǰһ̻ṫɫ˲䡣
ƺ뵽ʲôת塣ͷԸˣԲƬ̹򣬱㱻ٴѺûղôˡ
Ե쳣Ǳ
ǹҲȻ޴棬ֵܵĿݺݵġ
ֻӣһϵ鵹Щ˵ˡǾȻ֪
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪҸγƺ㣿ǡһ˲һ¶֮ɫ۾ֵܡ
һΪԼ޷졣
ͦ޷ġǸðƵһվǰǷֱ治ġҷֱ治㸸游ҲǷֱ治ġΪʲôΪʲôҪﺫ֪ͼı죬ΪʲôҪ
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Ϊʲô
侲֪Լ˴¡
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ʱ㻻¶档δ¶ΪҲˣ롭ȴݱ¶ˣɵɵͶ
ӣԺ
ӣڷ껳żӤСѰŪš
һԷ꺬ЦţżͷżҡͷĲҪŮ͵Сû˵̫Щ׷ʽˣӴŲ
ӣʵͦϲġ
СдԼӵϡ
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һɫСӴһȦСӣȥⱦˡѷǰͽǵĺӣ޾Ϣ
ӢˡӣһҲûеĿ佱
ۣӣ̧ͷһЦ۾ʱ䣬Ȼ¶޿κε顣㰡˵ˮҲǲֻЩЩΪ龫ǣ⹦򣬲ϡƫƫӬӪӪЩ
µĶ²ӵ⡣ϣԼλߵۡҲʲô£·ˡձ˰ɣЩ㿴۵ģӲˣӾ͵ȥҲ˼¡
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ˡҲظлͰ˵ģ¼µıսԺ˭˹ͳǰɡüƴСѵʹ֮ӣĳȻЦˡ
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СİַӣСϣδĺ㶯һٶһ߸һţһŵϷ
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ܷʲôһܺúõģҸˡ
ذ᰸ǳȥ߰ɡȥɽˮ
á
ʯҲӣȥɢɢĶкôֻҪ̫࣬Ҳֻ洦ûлֻ²ۺʵѲ
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꣬Ҵزԭ
á
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ȻҽȻصʮܡһ¶㹦һˡȴû뵽ڶһ磬Ϣ˵ҹͶˡ
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ֵܶˣĿת
ҲڴӣΪԴӽ˾ǣ̫ӣԡ
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Ķ࣬õ١ıλʺƵõ
ʱĴԣ׷ܵǽĿĳʺ󡣼ֱһ档УλʺòΣԵŷʱŻᱻ

ȻƲϾˣҲ߰˷ֵɫ
ҡйŷ˼˾ƲĿĶ


788 

ٰ߰ʮ³
ӣ˼ǡͺͬӷӦֱҲûôͺͺ˹ϵ
ۿɲǺġ
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ֻҪ뵽ӣ˵Ǹ桭밲ŵıǸˡ
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ӣ˵ĶԲԣ
ӣµĲһ·ʵһֱֻһһ
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һԲͿ±Ҫˡʱʵڲÿ
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ջ䵽ϣ˵Ŀⶼӣ۵״żζȻ¶ֻû뵽¶죬ͺλݰˡ
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ΪݰΪ㣬ȴϰ
ܲµǲ̫ԴЩ
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һݰˡ
Ϊã˸ӡǸ̫֮λżȮ죬˻ʺ󣬲ˡв迪ڣܲжԷ˼ˣУҲǲݰ
ҵһöµʲô
ӣ΢΢ɨһ
Ȼ󴽽΢ƾʲô㣿
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·ʲôҲǸС󡣡˭˵Ҳϲ˵󻰡ǲǴ޹ء磬Щˣǻعɡ˵űҪȻû顣ӣ˵ʲôͷ
ڷӣ֮ʱ
ڱɫ㵽ײµʲô
Ƿţǿ㻽ϼ֡ȴƺԡǽլ󣬷˵ĵһ仰

ӭϷ˫ӣ޶˵һ
Ȼ硣ã㵽ײµʲôʵ档
˼֣źְٴο˿ڡӣڰ֣ЦЦת֪Сթˡ
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ʮһʱǡʮꡣ൱Сܿ浽һ
ûжԼӣٴοڡ
üٴεͷСС꣬һʣϿĲԼͬ֡
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ǡûԼĳ֪ӡۻڶ࣬ʮͬĸֵܡЩǱʹֶΡһССƵͶ·úʧǣЩ۲ǲ֪ѡӶԵĸһȺӣӣԼƴɱʤǸŻΪͷǡ
ֳأҲ𣿾֪󲮸㰮лӶҪϣСϰ䣬ɶ游ﳤģճһʮĹӸ硣ѵֳҲǻί޴𣿡
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ӵŮĿ⣬üڡɩɩʱ꣬꣬վǲˡº㸸ʲôϵ㸸ĸһֱʮֶĸţ㸸˺ܴĴǼ꼸Լ
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Ůⲻ𡣲ӣǵãд׷ʣ˵ĸȥʱȥ԰ĸ*ӣһֱΪԼʱĸŲʡ
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ִĴָλãиصĺۼ׸Ĵָİָӡ
һʱ䣬š
ӣȻ³ضʲôͺлʶչôһοֵܵĸ飬û뵽Ȼǣһ׮¡
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Цһ˵֮԰͵游ֻΪ˰游游׷ִ󣬻ʼ޷ճ浱ҪϾĸʱҲû²ȴڸй꣬꣬ĸӾɼΪɣһ
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ֻ˵ɩʱ˲ֻԴʱӣδҼֵܻᣬû롣һᣬǼȷʵЩ֡
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ġֲӺɩġǰûΪʲôẦԼӣǧ˺ƭˡ


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ˣ⻰²죬˵ĶԲԡԭһǸСʵڲӡ
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״ȻΪġ
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ЩĲס죬Էˡ
ʯͲ˵ͷӣˮ˳ջ䡣
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ⷨˮܣǱһֱĵš֣Ǳ㻹֣Ǳ㲻Ųæš¾ǲϼŵġʱһҪվˡʱծǶҪֻء
ְ֡ԣӦò죬ֻѵЩѶȡ£º󣬵һȻˮ


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ŪǼǧɲܰϢ
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ӣһҪúõġΪǵĺӡΪңһҪúõġ־Ŀ־壬ĸоѾûˡ


797 

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֪Լ͸ʱ־塣
Įûÿսսʱ־塣һУѾ֪־Ϊˡ
񣬿־ζϮ⼸ռܳߡŰ˯ӣһжװĵףϸÿëŹСûûΣһ㲻ǡÿЦǺǵģƺһҲġ
ԼģʯͲδôÿôֵģ
ģһúõġ
ǿЦЦһԼĴǱ㱻ӣСҳ˳ǿгһЦĻȡǾǵһУһţһصĿģ꣬ڵʲôҵ𣿵Ҳƽº㾹Ȼ쿪ľӦûؼӡĻᣬˣҪΣⱲҲҡΣ
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ϡͿһȥˡһӡƺҲǲܵȡ
ӣЦˡˡҲǲ͵Լӡӹĺܣһ˿Ψһİ취һˣһǵĺӵùܱ˽аְ֡磬ȷܽܣ
Ȼܡ
뵰˵ʲô뻰
ĺӣôϱ˵ס˵ķ궼Ҫըˡôһ㲻ڣ⡣ӣίʵĳ°ڱһؼӵģ֪Ѿ漣ˡܻȥôܻĻ᣿磬ҲܻȥģҲȥġһӲҵԸӺ鵽ϡ
һ̾Լ̫ȡˡ
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Ƭ̲и
ĴӣҲֻǾЩίܷʲôǷһе磬ҾᵱӱġһŬƽǵĺӡҲʱ̽䱸šʧߺüˣ浱ҷֲ𣿡
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Ը⽫ԸԸءԸվںжԵǰ桭
ƳۺܸˣʵͦͺݣҲϡô졣ԱѺƳۣƳ۵ǲ
Ƴ˺ֱ绢
һҲ֮أҲǿټ϶žӦٱܶ
Զž֮öžʧˡط꣬뽫벹


798 ٲ

߰پʮٲ
žصӣԺ󽫺ͺ֮䷢һһʮӣ
ӣЩ۶žǺŽ׳ģճС㣬ױĸֳﳤĽ٣̫ʹˡöżʧȥһУնĸҲ˶ʡȫµĳ谮˺ޣڶž˺۵һ£Ѷž˺ˡ
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ӣְѶžߣԼ¡ȻһֱֻỷʵͶǲΪˣžҡҡͷԸ̣ҷʹ죬ҲֻǾƬʹˡ޷ıˣĸײȫҺˮޣԶıˡ
ҾһУֻ˶ҵĳͷΪżҡԸܷܶʹ࣬ҶᱧԹɶԺ𶡵ˡûðɣ
ɵôã㡭ҿ˻ڹ֮ġҲǿңҲĲԸһ
žҡҡͷ
֪ǸбµˡкиʤĿܡ
̲ĳˡΪԼĲʶȥƻӣĺˣӣⱲĸˡūڹҲūʲô룬ֻߣﰲСӣȻСӳˡܴ̣ܺū澵ĳҲ㱨ˣūûʲôǣˡ
һġˡҷǲָ˵ﶨȻҷϿۡǶżҼΪ¼ɶ˶żұȨ֮ˣҲżЧҡ˵Ķԣūǰ벻ףñԵ޹ʶ˱ȨʵûеūˡҲδá˵ˣˡҸ׻ڣضҪ󡣾֪ʤҲȻʧȨƣɱȫ
Խͨ͸ˡһֱ벻ţǼ⡣ԺҲصˣġ
ģūٲɵˡ
֪ž뷨ӣڷˡž˵ףʵȨڶžС˵δӣ档
ԵһУҲ¿ʼ
Եžʲôӣֵ֧ġžӣѵмĹ
ֹʮ죬ʮʵ۶ַ֮СǴѹۿŻʺ︹̥£ʱӡ糯궼ȥҴҡ
ҲܲµʵΪɫҴҡ
һΪ˲ǻʵҲѧˡܶж̡һ仰˵д䡣
ԭһĪ밲Ҳټ
Ȼ˭ҲûڣǴƺȴʲô
ӣļν䣬ӸʱȻᷢˡһҲǺõġԴͷĹĽƺЩӣǰֵĲôˡϱҲ˯þˡ
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־Ұɡ˲˸ʱ;ʼΡǿǴŹء
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أһѪ飬ŵûɵڶǰʵĶؼǧյ


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ĵûʲôоûİĹ
Уһѹﻤȫȫģ򲻻ùվ˵лżȻϲǹ͸ø֣
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ӣŷ꣬ۿˣ֪Լ岻ã֪Լע᳤֪꣬ע޷ǾͷصĳŵһУڣӵеģѾȱ˶ܶܶˡ֪ͷǰ·Ҳɲ̹;оѡֻҪߣӣ޾һС
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ڲ߶ծˡ
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ڴٴ졣
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