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1¸մͱ

ƾԼ˱ķ
һţԺţԼţ˵ʱ˹ըȻû̫ˣǣը˲Ǹ´Ϊʲô䣿
ʱߴһƺӿһˡ
СӱѾͷ𣡡
ǣҲˣҲˣҲˣ˲ɣ
ҳʮӵĲ񣡡
öʮ

ŮʹƵţúͷʹѡ
죡̲ס
ֻϧþȫȴӽд˶٣ڳԵ΢
ҺãȺ˺ܿͳųȥˣٶȻָ˰ȻƸվ㣬ִһ
ûˣŬۣͿһŲ·İĸ˳Լ˹޺ţƣҵơ
ʲô˭һʶҪ㣬Դȴʹǣѵһٶ˹ȥ
ٴʱ򣬺Դһԭļ䡣ʱ򣬺ƺȻʶʲô
տգŭ
տռĿռ֣DNA󶨣ֻһˡ
Укܶ಻ͬλ棬ÿһλ涼Լϵ͹൱һͬ硣ԭλǱȽϸ߲εģƼˮƽҲԷƽ˿ռܸʹλˮƽʵķԾ
ԭڵλ棬ռʮͨĹߣŮ˱رΪᰮʳռж˲ʳģտҲƫںĿռ֡
ԺӦڣڣ
ô£ʡ
ˣըˣտյûа㱯鰧ˣ˷ܣҺľռڸλϵ壬ֻλ϶ߣԭպˣֶԭһģһأ
ʲô̬ȡˣڲǼƽʱ򡣺üЩģ
ԭҲкƣʮ꣬׺ں϶ĴǸ粻ֲܿţĵܵܺúҵ̫̫߻ˣóںϺͺ̫̫ƫ£϶һǸɻ࣬࣬Ե٣һҡ
϶ŮһӣƵĴѾ޵ڴ壬ڼֻͲĵܵܺϡ
̧ĶͷЩӦԼݣ˵ʲôȴһ๾
Ƕ˶ˣ뵽ԭҵļͥλ̲ס̾տգŪСࡣ
ûСտջشĺܿ졣
ԼûжС𣿺ƲǺ˵ǾŪ˱ɣ
ҲûС
ʲôԼ˼ȥûԣĥĥʲô
ʲôûУտջشرΪĹе֣Կռȼ㣬Ʒʱò
ҼǵҴ˺֣ܶһʵ壬ҲڶĹɣƱʾɡ
ԺտЦر飺˼֮ǰһ¿ʽ·ԾֻһҪǿһϲġޣˣڿռȼ㣬û취ռ䣬ʱҵ·
·㡭ܲܿһ㣿вͬʹֵĿռаĿտվǣ˻ü𣿺ƵҪѵտգȻһˣĻȫ̻˶
ͷٸˣߺߵţ̧ߡ
֮ǰǰλĸˣҲԭ˵ϡ
Ͻһۣʱ¶ϲɫתȥˣƣˣ˰ɣȥõ㶫ԣ
ҺϳȥһˣһЩʱ䡣ʱ򣬺Ѿ̬
ѺˣϽе˹ȥ
˵Ǻʵû棬ֻ˼Ұ˵
Ϊһʳߣʳǹźȥû취ӵĿտհռ˷ƷԼˣûֻȡһˡ
źưѺ꣬Ͻӹ룬¶οЦݣɺֺܿۿƣôôСģľȻŴ򻬵ȥ
룬ҡҡͷҲǽŴ򻬡ǱСȥġ
ʲôСôܡɫʱúѿ
ûƺƣôƾͲȥƲҲᱻұžұҲ˻ȥթңһҪѺƼ޹ȥӡ
ͨЩϷŭץĿ룬촽˵ǼԲǰư
ˮӡĬĬ
վԭת˼ȦҧҧУҵȥ
ûõġ侲˵ԺںҵĵλָԼҲᱻ̫̫һٳղ֮
ǡۿˣ˫ֲ붼˲סˣѵô޸𣿡

2±۸Ķ

ˣʶԼҪʲô״ѹԼһѵʱһȺ˳ҪԭԼǮԼҪ޵ˣӼһ£ŷ֢ʱʱͻᷢһη裬ԭԵСﶼ֪
찡ԼʲôմҪˣҪ޸һӣ
Ƶʹͷһҧгݵſտա˵Ŀռ֣׸˶һ̯ӣ
ô죿ϼֱᣬŮͷ̲ס˹ȥסŮʹޣҵôô࣡ûá
ͦûõģ£ֻ֪ޡںҸô۸ƶϲûʲô飬ֻǿԷôԼҲ˼²۵Ļ˵
϶ҵģϽźأϻڿޣ洫˺̫̫Ľ
æ۾Ӧ裬Ͼ
һ˵һߵǵơ
û£ȥɣȻҪˡһɶµӡ
ʵϣԭҲȷǸɶµĺӣֻϧŬĶɻȴֻ̫̫ͺı䱾ԽĲ˿ˡ
ϼææĳݣǹɵģʱʧһ޲ó˵ɫ
տգ
ˣտҲ֪һԼͱ¨ӣæֺõ˵ʵһδλҲкôġ
ô˿ͽıڡӸĸ֮⣬Ҫټ޸һӣһס˵ĳ嶯˵
˽⣬λʳĴʽΪ򵥴ֱξΣûκʳĴڡ
ʲôʱ˽ģ̲ס˿տյĽܡ
տշԼ˵©ݣûҿ˵
ԺƶԼҿռֵ˽⣬᲻֪ʲô¡ۣǲǴλûкĹ֣ҽŰĹģ
ˣտҲΪ˰̽λտæ͡
ƣǺǺǺǡҪʽѿռжˣ
ƺʶƵ뷨տæģˣ˽λԺܸõۻֽпռʮ㹻֣㻹Դԭλ棡
ƺеƳһ£ϷӦٸףҵʲôʱܵʮǰͷо˶ʮʳռȼŸյżһƶϴô
ˣտտ԰㰡տġ
ߣ㣿֣Ǳߴִŵ·˷ҵ֣ã
ˣտҲˣ
ʽҲУұҪջʹֵȨԺֶһƷͿռʵϺȫԲ߿տգֱջȨޡֻǿտոôãҲ˸飬ԸѶԷһú
ðɣտ֪Ҳּۻֻۣܺίͬˡ
߲Ÿտ̸ʹֺǺҵ˴һˡ
ܶûκθ飬ƻǺܹԼҪԵ״ӴЬվڴǰ˳Ŵ
ôҪ𣿡ʻĺ̫̫ĵֻӣںŮ
Ϻû˵վĺޡ˿ĭҲһ԰Ӹ壬ֻͬƸʱȸʮ˵˼޽˲Ÿʮ
̫̫һʱˣɤӺʲôСˣ˶ռˡ
ȥˣ̲סĽк
غĺӽüͷʹ֮ɫ촽Ҫ˵ʲôں̫̫絶ӰմԴԭŮĻʽ˶
Ȼ̫̫ȴģȥһȭںؿڣС㶼첻ã㻹ܸɵɶһ׳ô෹
ﱻĺ˰벽ԴĸͣǺһԡ
ԱߵĺϺȥˣһˣû
϶ҵģûһ֪ԣɸĥĥģ̫̫Ťͷͳķ򺰡
û뵽ԼȥԼϱۿˣҪʱ򣬼һȺȴͽˡ
վԺ͸Ŵڳææȥȴ˵Цģ뵽ԼҪҵĶŮﲻζˡ
ɵɵԺվ˺ܾúܾãֱϳԷŷӦݣȴһѾǰˣûһ⵽ǶһӶûԷ
ƽԺ﷢¾۵ף̵ĺ˼ԭĸĸҲԸŮ޸һӣֻǱТѹԸųԲҷĻԼǰԼܣͬ⡣
ţ㿪ʼİ裬ԼߵĻԵõ̲
һƾɵ¹ȱһֻţʯͷһźܾɵõʮָɾľСľӡôǸ¹񣬾ûвӵĵط
Ƶ¹ʱϸϸĺ㣡
ֻȫС˵ m.q u a n s h u w a n.c o m
3ĺó

ƶһ٣һץĸо
عͷһСѿˡվſڡ
˵СѿˣΪӵʵǺܲЭӪԴС첲ϸ˵һͻۡ
㡣վŲСѿһοڽеѿ¶һЦݣҸʲôóԵģ˵ţǰŵٸߵݸơ
ʢŴϡ࣬ǵƯЩҶӣӰӡ
ƽӹϡֿ࣬Сѿ˻ЦݣĪЩᡣ
㣬ԣСѿڳ֣ͳƿŵ
ֻӲģ̯һһ鷢ڵͷ
ںңֻи˲иԣȻ̫̫ͺΪһֳͯԶƽûиԡֵܷ⼦СһСͷҲΪ˰һºϡ
˵Ʊ֪СͷǺ͵͵Լġ
԰ɣôȥһͯĿưͷݻȥ
ϰ˫ֱҡŴԴҳԱˣԣ
ϣ۾ƾͷرء
԰˵ˮԶһ㣬Ա˾Ͳˣץźͷ͡
ĿУֻҪܳԱͿԲɶǶ˵Աһ
ͷ촽ſ콩Ӳҧһڡ
ó𣿡ۿ̲סһڿˮ
ѳԣѳԣֲָɬӲлһζƴûгԹôѳԵͷСǴӤȻӿһů
óԡĽţĺͷӵȻǣźϵֵ£СϣһԺòãô࣬Բꡣ
ͷ룬ҡҡͷ㣬ԡ
СϣԲ˷ˡ˷ʳϧƼ㿴һ͸ˣ˾ͲóˡҶܳĶ
ô˵ϲڵ˵ͷ촽˵ãҾͺһСڡ
Եĺӣ֣Ȼľӽͷ飬һι
ۣɬѣ˵ԣٳһ飡
Ҳԡ
ã
һĴ©Ʒӣһˮϡ࣬һʵĺͷɺȴԼԳ˾Υܰо
ǰоʳĲƷһһĿɫζѣ˵ǾµĲȣ˵һƷǣЩʳȴûһԳʱ˿̵ůо
ںƵĺƭ£ֺСϡ࣬ͷҲĶ
θıúۣ˸ССıãóԣ
ԺóԵġƿѿڶ˵ʶס
ɺѾĵӦã
ԵɣȫȻΡ
ͷɫЩӡ
Լ׼ҪߵģԺܼܲ˻˵ԭֻ˵һ仰ںϴӦȴоԼ·һŵԡ
ˣպ׬ǮԼ취͵͵Ӽ˵ܵܣ
ʰ׵Żݡ൱ڡȥŮ˰ֻ˵һ䣺˯
Ҳָ챿ʵ˵ʲôοĻҲǴ򽻵¶ڡ
һĿ˼һ˯ǸպÿԻȡů
ǳһĺҲװ˯ʵȴû˿ռĿ壬鿴
һ֮ŷֿտ˵ĵȼ㵽ж೹ףȻԭ϶ֱܹʹˣ
ζʲô
ζҪ׷ôҪôס
ô
ˮ
ȻҪֳˮܽ׵ʹȨ
ռʱԭȫ͵ֽģռȼҲ弶𲽣ﾭ
տգҪʽһٱ鰡һٱ飡޲ðǸ׵Ŀӻһ٣ɰˣֻðҪ³Ѫʡ
ʲô°һգȴûԭϣͽɸΪ֮͵ڿһñϧԼǸ椣
һΣˡԭҪȥһ뷨ƺЩʵɾܺ˵İţֺܲġ
һҹȵڶ죬ƱųԼҪȥժҰˡҲ֪ҵǲ϶ܣǰͶ̫̫ܸɴľʹӦŵҪû˸š
ɽ˸û˵ĵطѿտսг׼һͨ˭ȴ֪һץ¡
˵ʲôԼȥܿںڻŵʡ
տС԰ѾѯɷץҲҪǲͻġ
찡λ棬Ⱥ徹Ȼȫɷ⻹ôƼֱҪˡ
ֻȫС˵ m.q u a n s h u w a n.c o m
4

ǰ;ҵҪտˣ㻹˵ʲôҵĴһĶ
ˣѵûʳѳֻҪ΢¶һ֣ԻǴһտѡ
˵ĵɡĶţҲͲˣȥĶʳ¶һ֣
տεĳĬˡҲȻԼĿǰ״ܺúûȥͲˣĻͼ֮
ദôãſտղǹ⺦ԼôңȻǵʱտȲѡ
̾˿Ҳֿտˡ֡ŭ⡣
֮֮֮ǿʲô취Բ޸Ǹӡ˵ƷյץץͷҵѪΪţȥթҲǣȻǸǷӣͺúÿŰסˣôܺˡ
Ǻˣɴ಻㡣㲻Ҳ綳ںˣһȻıԹ
ף
ת̧ͷŷԶһٿʵһվԼ
λӽüĿͦһݻƵĲݣһഽбб𣬴һƦƦ˧
˭͵˵ü˶١ȻտյĻֱӳԼԺģԼտ˵ʱɶǷġԼ˵ЩֵĻԷԼɾ
һʶ˭ķҪ޸ңûҪ𣿡
ǸӡƷӦѿڶʶԼĻ׵æĿڣң
ӵĳƺһĨã˫ֱۣ´һв˵Ҿٷ裬Ҳûë
ˣ˵˻ץȻ޷ĸо͸ˡ
˵㲻޸ңãҲȢ㡣Һĸܣ˵ϣ㿴ھ֮ķϣԾȡԼ
̬ȺúЩˬǲޣԼ޺ͱ˲Ȣ¡Լûò绨ֵλļһ
֮ӦΪ˶ңƹһ״
Ȼ¶θı飬Ż˼ģǶ𱨣
ŭˤ湻ģݲȥˣɴعңҪǲȢ˻ˣ
ɫһģô֪Ⱥ˾ȻҴӦ׮£ǵΪڲЩ˳ֺ֣αŮˣ
뵽Щˣ˲
ĺľҲøƶѴࣺȥ˵ȥҾȻҲ
úЩˬûĻص˵ãᱻ۸ô㲻һ벻أ
ǺǸ˾͵ͷ˵˵ЩɵĺԼ˵һͶһ䣬Ӧĺ˫΢΢ԭԱ͵סĲӣ˭
Լ¶ˣܣҸԼֲ죡кܿжϣ֪Լܳ廻ˡһƴקҵĸ첲һ߷㷢ʲô裿Ǻư
ƣҶۣ¶аЦ»սҿ㲻ɵӣ˵㵽˭
ϢУ֪ԼʱֵκβףԷĻº֡
ǺƣȥҡƷŰۣ˵
ҵһһսϸĲӷ·ʱᱻһ㡣ȻƦЦݣȴޱȣ·ĲѺ¡
ˣһﲻǸӣʱػɱ˰ɣаֺڸղſڲԼŭҡֽŲõҪѣȴȫԷ⡣
ȱЩѣʱҲ͵طſ
ӿβúƲӦĿ
ʱ䣬׮ϣ򡭡óһƵĲԼ֣̬ݣ³Ļȴ͸ɭɭ⣬Ҿɱ㣡
ſڵһĿԣȵᶼˡ˵ԼҲûʲô취ʱɱ˵ķӣԼˡ
뿪տյð˳ˣˣû°ɣ
˵û£ƾر裬Ȼλ˸вˣҼǹҪ
ܱǸˡռﵽ˼ܽɱĶһ
ڸô죿ĥ
տհοˣӱʮ겻
ô˵ʮ꣬ԼŻ۵ĲӣޱԹ
ҲС
տգҪ㡭

5ɽ

ңʲôҲûˡںɽժһҰˣַһ񵰣㶼װڿ׼غҡƹɽ꣬ͿС鲽ɽߡ
ףȥɽƾúģȻȥʲô¡ƽλСúóԼ·ԸϴôɽժҰˣ
źҪʧеӰƺɵĸ˹ȥ
ôôˣ
ѽ㣡
øϡϡ
㵽ʲôʱȥҼף
ҴչǮȥҲ֪Ҳί㡭

ĺĿɿڴû뵽Լβܿ˾ʵһĻԭλĳЩҲ˵Ŀźǰ
űһԵɢڵϵ·һת¶һĨЦ
ڵĴ䲢ԣ˼ҶֻһĶֵغڡ
ֵ죬˼ҶũæȫµظɻŮæżĻƣҪµصүͷȺСӱû˹ܣ
ƿƵĽ˴壬ӭȺܵĺӣסͷǸ
ܳȥһξ룬ĽҿϵĲݣѹ˵ӣ㿴ɶ
ѾʮˣƤڣʮ׳ʵ׻˵Сӣӡͣÿ췹ڼֲܴǳԲ
˵ƺͶҲеͬ˶ӣĴѰҳԵġһΣӲʳжҰˣҺúϸֹˡӴ֮󣬶ӱԺĺ۸ơ
ƴӼѰЩϢȻŹᡣ
Ұˣ۾ˣ񵰣
԰ųԿˣƹ죬۾Χ˳򣬡Ҿͼ⼸
Լų԰ɣȻֲֶǺܽıԼۣȥֺƵĳʳ
ԣðҸæƽӵķ˵ݣʾ񵰡
ֱһҰǣ㲻ø񵰣Լų԰ɣ
˵꣬Ķʹ๾Ľӵʱˡ
ƺЦĿֽóţҪǲգҾͲæˣ
Ǻã´ץ㣬һԣ˵
СЦӯӯĵͷǳɰȻƶûռС˵ӡ
ԶӽһƱص˺ҡ
̫̫Ժɹ̫˳ලϱǸɻƽĺƣ㲻һ
ӻɻźЩǮһŷ͵ɻųֳɵģֱ̫̫ߵ㣬һˤˤһźƿڴ
ɫ䣬·ûһߡ
̫̫ವվͳƴ˹ȥѾͷҰĶȥˣժôҰˣ˵ǲʲô˵ȥˣ
жԼãԼŮµ𣿺ƲŲɵվԭæ˼㵽ճ
㻹Ҷ㣡㡭̫̫ţϳȻ˿ֱ֣һݺݴϵĸ첲ϡ
۵ĵһʱӿỨȻû㣬סĺƣû
ûܳȥҰһ죿˵ʲôժҰˣ㿴ժ˼̫̫ģĿУƺ϶ǶģСľʹġ
ϲһ֣ҲҶ㿪ֻתסƣɺ̫̫Լıϡ
û뵽̫̫Ȼô׵϶
ʲôɴۣ̲סҪȥֹ̫̫ȴһס
ƣû£ЪšԼҶ㣬ȴƴŮŵķơ
ƿеˮķ·˺ݺסһ㣬۵ʪۿ
ǰλ棬Ƽ̫ƽһһأͬʱȴҲԽԽ顣ںƵļУСͱͥ͵Ļ˸ûиĸ׵۰͹ػ˻ڻﱣĸоİȴůޡ
ɽɽ
ԺȻкú̫̫һ٣ȴûе档
ͨǳȺӣڴʳǴѩɽȺ˲Żɽ
˿ɽˣȥժҰ˵˽л
㣡ˣ
˺˵Զȥ
ˣ̫̫ŽɵС鲽ſȥ̽ͷԺⲢûˡ
һߣСϣɽ𣿡
УҺˣµĽڻһ¡
۽˺̫̫һۣ״˵һʱ򣬺񿴼Сÿȥɽˡ

6һԻͬ

ɶСȥɽˣ̫̫ˣθеô
⻰˵ģԼƽ޹ʸź𣿺ư˸ۡ
᲻Ů͵Ҳ֪ɽǰƽҲûôȥժҰˡ
ҿΪʲôôڿ찡ժҰЩӵǮȥˣôԼȥˡ̫̫ԽԽ£̲ס޺
ڿʸմ˵ͬΪŮˣôԼǮͲأƿƫƫû߶ĺ̫̫޲ѹһôȥϷҪճˡ
̣ҿСɽķȥҲСûûɽأѵ
Ͻȥһ̫̫ȥקϵĸ첲˵Ťͷ󷿵ӺϴҵģϽ
С岻ˡҴϱϵﴫ˳
ں̫̫ĿУŮȻ󣬵СӺһ
ڼչС̫̫˵ţϼѣ϶ҵģ㻹ɵվŸأϽȥˣ
ǸʵˣһֱƲһ۸ԸðȥɽѰˡ
ȥǰϵĸ첲
һ߿첽һƣڼҡ
δ˵꣬Ѵ̫̫ʲôҲȥңϽҵһҲҲҪˣɽιǣ
̣ǣҺˣСҲһˡûǸϽȥүүȥˡˣû׼ͷʣˡŤͷ˵ϳߣǻǽϻԻһȥɣ
ԣȥƴһȥæͷ
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12´ֲĶ

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Ҳܡ§źƵĲӲ֣ͷ㣬СҲˣ㲻Ҫ˺òã
й̵ҺĲϣ̵ĺһ飺˭Ҫˣ
ؽСô˵Ͽ޵һһġ
ԺʲôһǸģ
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һߣߣȴڸһսӾͱסԱߵĺͬ
ȡֻûͱס˲ӡ
˭ٳʱ˶ˣˣС

13ףһӴ

𣿡ҶźƣＷĸ֡
ȻƦƦЦݣ˫ȴûа¶ȣƵĿ·ڿһˡ
һɺӺƺ亹˲ʪĸоԷεɱ⣬ЦǶĮᡣ
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14ԭɵ

Ҫ⣬̧ͷȴֶԷѾ֪٣ǸղŲ˵Ϥع飬ƿڴҲ˵ģ޵ףһֲϱ
ȻҲ֪˭ΪʲôҪȢĳ˹֣ɹ¶ϣһȻӺð˳
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ƣտգղҲԡԲ𰡣ҴˣҲΪ鲻ãпԭǾãŤתǬ·˵ɣԿտգˡ

15Ҹ

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16˷춾

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һְֻסԴǿаСԴŤ˹
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17ͦڵ

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ΪʲôҪԶ㣿ҹǰһ
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ŶлԼɻ飬кβףֿΣգԼӵɽʱôûŮܲأ

18·

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ǼӵġæʯͷͣԲģ
ҧ㻹ң

19ûȵ

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ƣտգ죡Ϊʲôÿİο嵶һ

20

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֦Ѿȥˣֻ˴ǵӣԽܵġ
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21´֮





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23³

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СϺ´ȴϲҡ
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óԣڴۣ͸ŵľϲ
·ĿУ򵥵ӾѾǺóԵļˡ
᲻ѣʢӵСݸСϣԺööóԵģ֤ǰûгԹģ
ţЦ۾гһ죬Сֿ¶С
Ҳǵһγӣ˵ıȻһôţҲ¶ϲ֮ɫ
û뵽ҿӣȻôóԡϳ㲻óˣƵ˺ƺͺǰԵ㡣
Ҳһ˵ƣɵúúллҡ
ΪëҪлǸӣ㶡
ǰҪҸܳԣְժô࣬ҲûڸˡϽӿ˵
ȷʵǰæժˣܳұ֪ĺòãֻưͳԻп˵
˵Ļ˫ĿСӣܶµ˵㣬СϲˡЩȥɣ
Сԡοĺס
Ҷˣһƣǻһûأ˸ȥǡǸϽЩ˰ɣ˵˷һû׼Ͳóˣ
⡭ϳ
￴ŲֱʿˮĶӣв̣˵ͷ԰ɣһȥʣµҳһݾˡ
һô˵̲סֻץӡ̫ˣӿ
С̡ϺЦİǡ
СģõϺͺ㣬Ҳԡ
СϣιԼƶ㿪С֣Լһ߰ϣ˵õӣԲ

24·

ӣ
ƵĻú϶סˡ
˲ԼͬƣĿǾȺɻ
ƣô뵽ȥȥ˶٣ûа˵ڡ
ϾŮӾҪãҲһЩƷȥﻻǮ˭뵽ȥͷ¶ʳ
Ҳ̫ףȺƽͱֱ˷ԵĽۣƣҪˣڼ°ɣ
첼ûУʲô°
⻰˺ϵʹ˵ɫʱ
ҲǶȴ춣˵ûʲô˽ӣÿ·ûĴڣϴĻǰԼľ·Сġ
ûãԼļױסϵЩʡ
޽ʱ򣬼ױ˵ҲӺͲϵġôЩױͱ̫̫øָѹθɾˡ
Ҳ֪ϱױ˭ѹңңίˡ
ĲԾҲӣӵ۾ŵ
֪ϱ˵Тİӵоȣ
Ƽ⸱ڰıӣɿڴѹֵա
Ʊסϵĸ첲ͷ˹ȥѵõҲ֪ǲױģүүӦӣܲ޵춼ҡҪ׬ЩǮߺͺ첼ɣ
һŮӼͷ¶ġסԥ˵
ҧҧҪȥүү˵˵ȰӸ㣡
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ЦԼĿĸõӺ
˵ˣȥҲǰһҪĵ
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Ҳ֪ԼҪӵģɬͣס˽Ų
ۡСϲãСءϺȻ
ʶղԼĻеĵܵܶˣæתѺϱסСϵĴҪҲֺĻˣ˰а취׬ӣʱСܶܶóԵģС·
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ô˵ˣǮҪǮô죿ϵǵüЩ̫˽ŵıԣǮŹһһıˡ
ƵȻһЦһгı飺İɣˣӼױۡ
ŮôаգȻãҲٶ˵ʲô
ΪĸܸŮ̫̫١ԴˣӶμˡ
ƣ㿴ܰʲôæ￪ʵĴ֣ĲУ
룺հӰɣ
ϣæΪŮЩ£ܸˡ
Ҳæʣƣܸɶ
һʳЦе˵ӿҲԳӱĺóԶأ
СҲҪɻš
ðССϷһҪҪ񡣡
ʲô񣿡
㳢ζЦ˵ԺĳʳСϳòóԡóˣóȥǮ
ððһʱ˷Сϰԣ
͸Ըƹ˹СӣܺõЦ£ֻҪһЭûжȲѹء
ϲ䣺硣
ƵЦסܲܲɨˣ
ǸϽӳ˰ɣˣǿתƻ⣬кҳӡ
ĸ˳һСӣܳԱһĸоȴʮů
գµӶ˳ְ֮ȥɻ
Ⱥ˯Ժ󣬻ûȥҺ̸̫̫¯£ﴫ̫̫ϵ
ǲǣ͵ò𣡿С˵ĶĳԵģǶ͵ǲǣ
߳ȥ̫̫һһצ˴ϡ
ø첲סͷﲻͣĽͣĻ̫̫ȥ
һĻƵɫ˼֣̣һģã

25¯

̫ſûôѾͷһ˯̫ɹƨɣ̫̫б۵źӴУ
˯̫ɹƨɣڲîʱҲ൱㣬Ѿ˺ðɣ
ﰵ˸ۣ˵̣ⲻٽˣûмױûû˯ž𣿡
ѾͷҪӣ̫̫ĿźƣҸ㣬ٴʲô⣡үүӼױȳ޵ʱ㳯Ҫȥ
̣ҲûŸҪױֻ޵£ȴ첼߶ûأЦĳ̫̫߹ȥ֡
ŮѼ˹ߣ㲻ӺҶûţ̫̫һתߣһҪǮ޳ȥˡ
ƺһ̣һû˵أ
ںң˺ϺʱǺ̫̫Ǻҵ죬û˲
Ǵ󷿻ǶʹתϣҲӲҶײÿպԺĺ
ƼֱǺҵһ֪̫̫࣬Ƕ£ס̫̫
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̣ҲҼİѡ
̫̫ҭһ£۵ҲУһӲҪԷ⣡
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һԵһ£Ҫ˵ʲôȴֹˡ
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¯ҪײҪǰ˵ˣʡѾͷȥ֮Լˣ
ں̫̫С˼֪
̣զ˵أһݵӣҲ׬ױǮʡ鷳үү
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̣Ǹɶæʵ
̫̫ۿɶȻҴһ֤ʡ㵽ʱˣ
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Ǹɶһû˯ѵӡ
ŵͷ˸Ƿ˸
̫̫һˣ̧ɤźǶˣѾͷ˵Ҫ¯
ã𰡣ʵ
Ǯ̫̫һֻơ
תתǮҲ̫ˣٵáʮǮУ
Ůôһ˵̫̫ͣǣʮǮ
ǮԴЩԺʡ
̫̫һۣƺԹСӵĲ̨
æЦŴԲѾͷǸܸɵģȻҪˣǿ϶Ǯңеܵܺ͵ðŲ𣿲Ȼզ
Ҫ˵ϡ
һƣȴѺ̫̫һƽϣҪ취Ӷٳ

26ºҸ

ʵ֣ȻϻЩơ
ϿڣΪԷڰź˵ŵͷ֤ǰǻƵġ
ƶϣǹ𣬡ôΪ룬˵Ҹò¯һ׬ǮզҪһֱӸүүҪǮߺͺ첼ˡ
һˣ治ҪƼӣ
ҲȺ̫̫һЩһЩǼ̱̫̫ͬһޡ
СãĪ޵ʱҪүү̸׼ױƺʡ
Ѿͷܸұ𣿡°ͣҵҪױ׼
̯֣εʼ磺ҵӲ𣿡
ˣ̫̫̲סִָϣ̳ĺŮȻҸСö죡ûûˣԳһòûУ
ųţûжײСá
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ûСæϡ
ûϵ£Ҳǹı̫̫ƫƫÿαƣ԰
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ѾͷôⰡЦȻǸеϺ̬Ȼûʲô˳ԣһѾͷϲأ
ʲô˵ˣǵˮ©
ЦȴһӣһỊ̇ģǿ˻׬ˣÿǮҿ϶ˣүүױۣ
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û뵽ںóݵ£Ȼһġ룬ͺ̫̫˱ֱ̫Ⱦˡ
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ƣ
ԭѹôӰԣǾúԼͬйͬ
ȣС壬ллҸ档һСĵģĸлһСĵĶ㿪ңԼ޹ȥģ
ţǸ˰죬糣˵Ǹ秵ĴʣΪ֮ɣ
ź뿪ƺȻһЦ˳
ƣЦɶǵĿǱĻŵľˡ
СǰҲô˼𣿡
˼ЩɻȻʵ˵СȻһ㣬ԵĶһ㣬ûɶۡǰﻳܵܵʱˤ̥ȥġ
Ȼĵ˵ͷ˼
ƣɶأ̲סʡԼԽԽŮˣԴˮԺŮͲǰСųˡ
ƻع񣬷ǵǵ񣬲һЦûɶҰӰ֮ǰҼõڣһǾͿʼ

27ǳ

׼ǳӡ
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ǰλֱǳӶúɰģûкɰֻúȥӱ߸ŪһЩɳӻٰɳӷͶϴ̫ϸСĹ˳ȥʣµɱá
ʵɳҲǺβİ취
ԭûкɰҲúúγӿſԺһѰȥٷȵӿӴ󿪣βٷճɫΪɫʱζҲͳˡȻϸӣڲ͸Ϳʳˡ
ʳĺ͵ζƶλ棬κǶʮֹġ
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ģɱ󣬶ںƴʱľ˵ǵòʧġ
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ᵽңϵһ˿ɵ֮ɫǼҷģҲҰѺǵˣԶ֮ǡ
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ʶĽеȻѹǸǵ˹ϡ
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28¶һ

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տգˣʾλûʳģҪʹȽֲժ󷽿ʹá
ƣʲô˼õֳ
տգô⡣
ƣһּʲô˼
տգˣλеʳģôͿֱʹÿôҲǶһֱأ
ƣ
װһƲĵ˵տգһ
տգˣ˵
ƣһΣܲܲڣܲҶһ֮ǰǰʾңҶˣʾ￴ó飿ڹĴɣ

29µ29ҵ

㣬㣡
ϵĽԺ˯ŵĺơ
͵һ飬
ſһС㣬ҰǳӸȥˡ˵ͦóԵģ
ţСЦеͷ
ֽ˵㣬˵㺦ˣö𡣡
𣿺ֱˣ߿Ա˵Сϣƭˣ׳ĸţһô
ô˵Ҳǻ书˺òãôΪѸױ紵¾˺أ
粻׳ɻͷ
һĽֲֲǿΣеأǴģ
㣬㡭ϳԾס죬㿴·
Ϲ˵ʲôأһԴҾǴȷ
ޡƶǶգգۣĲˡ㣬ȥʱ򿴵촽ɵƤˣɫҲá
ƺԥ˵ǿ϶װģ
𣿵Ҳң翪ҩɻСֹ
ҩСϣ֪п˶Ǯҩ𣿡
ʮӡ룬ʮʮģаͷĨˡ
Сô֪ôЩ֣Щиģ
ǰҵġ
ƣ
꣡ң˵İ
һβʮӣôȥ
ţͿϷ·ʲôһԴ
ˣ㣬绹˵ҩǮڲۡʲô˼
꣡
һŶʮ񣬶ʮ׵ʱٸʮ
ϺӦԼױӣֻҲᵽ˲Ӻܶ֡
ԭԼǰ׬׵ʮӲȻͷ׵ʱ򻹸ҡ
ڣʮת۾ͱ˶ʮ
ң˭Ҳ֪᲻ٷʮʮ
벻һô죿ԼԺ˵Сϡ
ģǳԶʱûа취
һ˲䣬Ժ˺ܶͷ󶼻Ϊҧгݵһ仰ңү
ʶʱΪܣ
²òͷ
ɷ죡
侲һҪ侲
ǰҵ·ϣƲͣĸԼ裬˵ԼһǧҪסƢڼҵʱǧҪһĵԷϡ
Ȼڸյҵʱ߽ˡ
Ӵҵ˭أԭǺǸҪļӣҶթӣڻţ
ƸյſڣԺǼ̱Ļ
ȻûȺ˵Ժִһ
ɩ⻰ͲˣҪˣôżҪ
ǵ㿴͸
ɿˣȢһϱԺô˰

ԺŮ˾Ȼſվŵĺƣ
٣СƢƼֱҪըˣҵ̫۸˰ɣ
ߣӣҴ£ڼ𣿡
ӴССͣɲզԺ˶ţҵĴɩббƳźƣҡͷ˵
ţʾ𴽽Цſվ˰ˣλ趼ңôҿü㰡
ŮˣĸλŮˣɻ䱻˽ˡ
ҴɩҲ⡣
Сӣ˭أҲ˺죡˵ţҴɩҪȴһס
ɩʲôݣ㶯ֽѵҿǵҺúùܹûŵϱ
˵꣬Ǹ˱ߵһСݺңңѾͷɫƣȻƤ׷ˣ
ɩͦ˼һ̱һ۶ڿҵЦ
ۿ沣˼š
ܿ죬ҵӰСݵſڣһ׵ĳۣĵɫ˼ֲ԰׵Ĳɫ
ȿȣδȿȣȭڴߣƺʹӡ
Ʋһ㶣ĴɫѵһĲˣȷʵӣ١
ңɫôҰײҰ׵İпҩûðɣҶɩһܹеĿǡ
˵ǸоǸǮۿģҴɩһǰҷ֢ûгҩҲԼˣڷԽˣҩǮ
ɩҶɩקק䣬ƵķһۡƺڣЩ˵
ȻҴɩô࣬ƵźƲƲ죺ʲôӲҲ֪ߣΪӣʲô˶Ҳ¼޹

30ֵ̬

ҴɩĻҵɫƺˣҪ˵ʲôȴ첻ͣĿԣһĻ˵
ƦĻģʱ۸˶޷Īе㲻
ȻңǸӦ׮£һֱֱҴɩ
Ǻ𣿻˵ǲӦµȫ嶼֪ҴɩҲǸƢģҿҪˣЩ˼˹Ů޲ȥ
˵Ǻܶˣʲô취أ
ģүүŲҾԸޣҺƲôˣ˿Ц˵λͰѶ׵ʮӻ׮һʹ㿴Σ
ҴɩͶɩû뵽ףסˡ
ΣҴɩŷһ䣺Ѿͷ˭أӦøһҴɩ
裬ⲻǻû޹𣿶ңҲδػҵţƹ𴽽ǣ΢΢һЦȻҵĳɩ¶ܹȫȨɣ
ҴɩͶɩı飬Ҳ֪ŮƫҪʣ⼷ҼûпڵµŮˡ
Ҷɩɫ˱䣬ռЦݴԲӣµɸĸ˵ˣⶨ綼ˣ˵׾أȥҲð
ҵҲðƳһۣʶ˶ԺҼأһҪʲô
㡭ҴɩҪȴҶɩסˡ
ӣҴɩһֱڿˣ˵Ƚֱ
ҶɩⷬúƸˬˣ˸ֱۣڿ죬˵ֱ˼ôҵ£
ǲǣҲ˼Ҷɩû뵽ȻץסԼﲡæϣҲ챿˵Ӿͱɩһʶˡ
̬ŵĹ͵ģֵüͶȥɻ
Ҳ֪ûյǲ⣬ƿߡ
ȻƾȵǣǸƢҴɩȻҲƢԼ˵һ䣺ӣҲ֪ʱүүǲҪĸߡʮǰƽͷһˣҲΪƽѡ
ȻûеǸٲȻҲڽΪʲôղԼ˵ôˡ
Ƶ֮ɨһȦԽ˼ˡӱܣҴɩɩԼȴܺԼס£֣
˵˿ԼӦðͲԼӻףô˵ûԼأ
⻰˵ġͶҴôҸǼƽأƴЦ׼̽һ£˵үүҵʱһڻУ֪Ҷ׵£֪׮¾Ȼô˵ۡȻˣˣҺôҺá
𰡣׻˵ʮһ׮ףҶɩ߹ȥЦžҪ֣ӣҪˣҺʹɩˣ
ƲɫĶ֣˭˭ˣ
ʲôҶɩסû˼
Զ
ƿһۣȵǺˣ֪ǲվſڴ˷絼²ء
뵽ҲûŮ˾ˣսپ
ҲÿԵ֣Ҳÿ˺ϲʡ˼Ҷ˵ãҸأᡣĽףҲһȥ̯֣԰ҲȰˣ׮ףҺҶмǵġ
ӣɱô˵ҶɩȰ˭ڽǰðǲǡǸС˽ܣҪ˳ЦģȽף޹ͻܹᷢһȥˣ
ҴɩҲͷɲǣҼ޹֮ǰɷɶ֪أڲô꣬޶ˣ
Ǵ˵еäƼްɣԼܲˣƻٷȴ䲻ҿŴˡ
ȿȣǡȿȣҵ𣿡ҷţɫ԰ֽһʱεӡ
£ǰԼ𣿻װģ
԰ҵģϽݣģҶɩץסƸ첲ҵơ
ղŻԼҪӣƤ׷ңھͰԼơҿҶɩӣƺ޲ֱӰԼұʲô˰ǰìҪҪô
ıƵҸǰŵһвҩζ
Һһƺڵȥ
ǡһԴ𣿺ƺɵĵһۣ߽ݱ߶ҪŰ
ôУշ˲ܼ磡ҶɩЦİŸˡ
ƣ
ֻܺݺݵңһĽͣ

31Ҳ

ֿ߹һ޹ķʣҽʲô
͡תת飬Ҫ͵Ķˣһһ
۾ܴ󣬺ģ͸һ鶯ʻ
ĪɽɽеС̲ס𴽽ǣð֪ʲô
̬ô𣿺еܳĴң֪㶼𣿡
ȻᣡԼ˱ˮ֪ʲô;ʣҸ治㿴顣
ƣ
Ȼң쵰
ô㲻ˣҿŭȴָŭԵĺƣֻرЦ붺ʵĻǾʲôû취֪ˣ
ʣΪʲôʣƺݺݵˣ
ȻҺһˮ۾˻Ž˵㿴ӻ𣿡
Ȼˡǣ컹ģһӲʵǽܲˡ
ðɣƾüȻӦˣԼȷʵӦøҩǮֻǣҩҲ̫ˡ
룬ۣ̲סʵи㿪ʲôҩθ˺ôҪʮӣ
˭˺ҩˣűӣ޳ָڱشĦ˼¡
һ㶣㲻Ǳ˺𣿡
Ȼǡҹ𴽣¶һȴֺÿЦݣô𣿱紵¾ܵ˺
ƣѵڲĿ챻紵˲
ƺɣĵĽͣղûҶɩ˵֢
֢૵ظ
šҶ˶٣Լָÿη֢֮Ҷ졣˵ţֿ˼
ǰ״Ưָ޳ͬһ˫ٵֻ֡ǣвƤһֲ̬Ĳ԰ףһ˿Ѫɫ
㲻ȥƶܸоֵֻ¶һܵ͡
ǣΪʲô̧˫ңڵдʡ
һ£һĨЦҲ֪Ϊʲôǡȣ͸֧֪ӷͽֶܰ˺أ
ͽְ˺飿̲ס˸ҪԶһ㡣ΪʲôҪʱᷢɱ˵ķӵһŰ
ģҲʱ򣬻ǲɱ˵ġҿĿ־壬Գ
ɱˡƾЦһҲЦ
ҲӲ˵
ʲô
ʡƵĻȻסӲ˵ˡ
ЩֵĿôˣҪʲô
û˺԰ɣӲͷƤʵ
ҵͷ
ƣķ֢ʶ֮ǰ͵ˣԲԣ
ٵͷ
ƣʮӵҩҲΪķ֢ǲǣ
ǰ㵽ʲô˼Ҳͷˡ
һʣҩǮƾʲôҳ
ʹʣﻹǺµġ
ԼܶҰ仰ʳԼ̬ȣѾʮˡ
֪Ϊıѱһۿ
׿ڴӦģ𣿡Ц
ﶼǿ־壬ȴƫƫڳһļƣʵȷʵҩǮ¡ǲ֪˵ʲôáҪǮҪ𣿿Լղͽ˺˺ɱ˵Ļûð
ҴӦΪգۣΪ׸ˡңΪˣҿ϶ⲻȥóе˺ҽҩѰ
ǣ㵱ʱӦҲˡ֢Ҳһֲ
군Ϊûǿֻе˺ҽҩѵ°ƿ챻ˣһĬĬ㡣
ƣտգ˵ֵ״̬ǲܴ
տգˣʲô
ƣ
տգˣտվ첻ܰĻԺһᱻúܲң
ƣ
տգˣ˼С
ƣ˼Ѿ˼ˣ
ǣʱȻһ滨ģ
ң磬Ҳ֪ںǳԲůıȼ磬˯ñȹıţ࡭
ú˵ֵסţɹֹ˹ȵĶ
ӣͰ͵˵ûǮ
˵һҪȥǳ׬ǮҺϾƱʾҲǮ
ʲʲô˼Լڸ£ɵۡ
ҰͷԶһ㣬Ȼעµ½ǲ֡
ֵծˣŭ̲ס˵ҽҲ·ϲˣ
ţҲ׵̧۾
ָŵĵطһһٵ˵ȥéҲģ
ң

32ϱ

һÿν棬ԷȫѹƣȻһɹԷ߱飬¶ҵɫʱָоֱҪ̫ˬ
ڣҰѱˮ֣ﰵˬᡣ
ϴɾ֣˿ԱŬȫЦĺƣתȥ
Ʋ׵Ȼоʪ󱳲˲
תң㣡
λãСӦùҴһ˹¸Լˮ
ƣһԼٴζӵԼ·֣ЦԼֶ̣ǳ鴤ֻңɱԷ
ɱĿ⣬˿ˮѹºĲʣ˵ˣӻӦüǮ
ǿ佱𣿿ɺһ㶼øˣΪҲԼڴﰡ
ŭＷĸ֣л佱
ôҲ㣬̬𣿡ҽĲԸɺЦʵ
ʲôˣһ˺ɽժ˼ӣͶթԼʮ
Ϸ㣬ɴʱңȴֻп顣
Ĭֱ˵˵˵ǳӵƫҸģ
ƲŴ졣
ҽŶһذըң˵㻹Ժ󣬻ҷһǮ
֪⵽׶˭˵ģƴǳ鴤Ҫƫҥԣ˭ô飡
ŶҥҪȥ̣
ˣƹЭ޾ɵ˵ҶҪʮˣƲ𣿡
˵ǮĲԩ򴽣ЦˣȻҲǸһѵҪñ˵ͷ
棺ѵ̰
ίҵͷֵһ㡭˵ͣ˼ȥˮȴֱѾˡ
ңһϽȵˮˮŷֺһȺûУǱˮ
ͺˮһ˿Լûķŭ
ҲΪʲôȻըëˣǻشҲûˮ
ǲ㲻֪𣿻ҺˮԼĲ찡ƺݺݵһۣźߣȥɩɩҪ㿪ˮ
ұסǿŭ塢лӣȻ͸ı⡣
źƵӰʧſڣſڵλöһȻһ¶Цݡ
Ѿͷǰһ̻Լ۸ίĸŭԣֻܲͣ۵Լɺһ̾ȻΪԼˮͶԼеķƢ
治֪溦ԼǼٺԼ
ԼǸ֢ʱᷢпɱ˵ķأ
ѵĲ
ܣô˲⣿
ǣµʱԼҲûһ˿һıӡ
ˮʱͻȻҶԴԼ̬ƺһЩ仯
ˮˮݹȥ
ҽӹţлл
һȻԼлЩܳӦתƻ⣺лСһҲôˣˮȲϡ
ǰ㡣Ҵ˴ˮСĵĺһڡ
ƣ
һԴҩˣ˷춾ԸԼòãӦԿķ༥
źƾɲӣֺ˼ˮܵθů֮󿪿˵㲻˵кܶҽ𣿻𣿡
ŶԣԼעҩǮ棬ȫƫˣͷȻҪʡ
ʰɣҾش㡣
ȸղţҵ̬Ⱥ̫ࡣɻ󣺡㲻˵𰸺ŪҰɣ
ġһмڶ˵ٻƳһۣˮů֡
ƇˡǵԼһ仰˵мڶ˵ѵ˼㲻ҪûҪǸǰʲô
ţȻöͷһ̧ۡջȥ֡
ֺ˼ʲôأü
ƣʱȽ⿪еɻȽҪɤӣʵɩͶɩΪʲô̬ô֣
ʲô֣Ҳͷ
ǰ󷴲󰡣ҽǰԺﵱң˵Ҫף͸˸Ƶģʹ˵ûͷ²ѵף
ҵӱ﷢һţ
ʲô˼գգۣȻӦһ־ܵı飬ѵǻҲ޹
üźȻЦǰϵĺƣЦʲô
жϱЦôô
ʱˡŮˣ

33ºɽ

ҵȺЦˣ˹Ŀ˵ǲҲϱҸ׹ǰһǧӣд¹飬ҪǮͱҵȢΪֹ
ȻأǾͿ˽ǮȥŻ׷ʡ
һߵĿѵ㲻֪һʽзּң
Ͱȥʲô𣿡
٣ּҺһ㣡
ðɡƾһӣǽһ⣬ףΪľǲּ𣿡
Ȼǡҷɿķϣͣһ£˵ֻҲô׵ĵóѣҲּ̫ҡ
㣿Ʋ̫˼
Ҳûϸ͵˼
룬ʣּҵĻһǧԷֵ٣
ӣ⻰ҹ𴽽ЦһҶһͶ໨һӣ޲Ҹϳȥôҷӣ
Ҳǰ̾ңһͬĸо
ǼŰԼ޳ȥӣԲܶԷǲǷӶֱϡ
ǼȢϱּңԲԼǲǳߴɵֱӴӦ¡
ҵ˼һļأ
Ҵ˵Ҳ岻֢ʱʱһأҪöҩּҳȥҩǮ
û˵ƶˡ
пһҩʮӣҷּҳȥҩǮͺѸ
ҵͷ·ܸܵԷĵʧ䡣
ʱƹǿбһߣӣظ˵һǧ𣿽ַӸ׬ԺŽ죡
Ȼ̧ͷ
ô㲻ţʵ
ǲš򴽣ֻǲַʲô˼Уұ곤ԳΪǲԵġ
֮⣬ʱˡ˵ЩԼǸλĿͷ𣿹һ¶Լλˣͻֱɣ
ַӵ˼Ǻܿܿ졣ͷٵı˸ѣҲһ˵ģ֪ĸطķԡ
ƺҲûٸʵ׵˼ֻһۣ΢΢˵ͷ
ĳ˵һ֮󣬶Щ飬Ҳ⡣
ﻹֻˣѹ
ȣǸʱ䲻ˣҵûȥˡ룬ֶţԺлʡ
á
Ϊһһĵ³֡Σ
˭֪쳣˵
Īǣ֢ĺ֢û˵ʲôĺ֢κ˵Ķ࣬˱ᰡ
ɻ뿪ſڣ˼ıӰ
Ѿͷرһ˵ĸо
ܵСƫƫĳЩطֵҪ
ÿԼв˵ҪʱϾˣ֮ûпԼ־嵽ܶĵز˶ԼӣȻ뵽ǽԼӵͷȥŻЩˡ
ĪģԺǸ˶Լ˵Ļ
²̫ƽѾ߹ܵˡȻѾͷġΪ˱ΣգʱҸϱڸݡ
ҲΪϢ˲Ļ䣬Щѹĵ׵ıʹһӱûסǣ·֢
ңӶߵûӰˣզվأСĲּˣ
Ҷɩһعһ۶ɩӣû˵ĬĬݡ
뿪ҵĺƼҴҵߣȴڰ·˴ӺɽĶӡ
ƽ㡣ӱ˸Զͳ֡
Ʋӭ˹ȥǰֱӽҵ𣿽ôнˣ
ϴ˵ûӭףܽɩӡ
ӵĻشúˡ
ĥĥסˡ
ȥɽժˣ˿󱳵Ŀüժôͻˣ
Ťͷɽķһۣұٱˡ
ٱ㶣ٱժӣɣ˭֪Ӻóԣ
ӵ¡һصѹ˵ɽˡ
ǰɣҾȥĺɽժӰƱһ
ӸϽڰ֣С㣡ˣ
ôģѺŪҲˡ
ôˣ㿴ʲôˣСʵ
ҡҡͷûʲôٱ¶ˣ
£˿գȥ¡
֪ûӿҵı飬̲סѵٱ֪ȥ˺ɽ϶ʻġ
ûȥ£ʲôû룬˿Һɽˣ϶סʱʵʵ˵ˣϣ˺͹ٱץҵ
˵Ǹù١Ӱο
üô֪ˣɣλĹԱô
ҡҡͷûϴ˵ġ
ƣŲҼأ

34µһȥ

ֱҹңңܿɽлѻζٱȻѲ顣
ưԴǲʲôĪҺȻԸԼȥɽȥ¡
֪л᲻ʲô
ƴһԽˣ벻׵¾ӵһߡ
ڶ죬˸磬ϰϡ࣬װǳӵͳˡ
úҲҪһЩ̫̫׼첻µظɻͺһȥϸϼ
˵Ժ̫̫ƫĳ̶ȣǲúȥˮ¡Ʋ֮ԻúȥһΪʵڲףǮû׼ȫԺˣǮûˣҲûΪʵ֣ûǸ˽ǮһúĶкͬȥ๤ʲôԶԻ̫̫㱨
̴̫̫֮ʮ־
Ӱƽ嵽ƽԼʮ··ĻҪһʱ
ԺĿǰСӣȫ޸صĸ·ҲȻ۵
ƣЪһɣ￴ŹŮ۵ͷ󺹣۵˵
Ҳ飬·˸ʯͷԼĶӣġһԵǵϡ࣬ûһȫˡ
磬ϣԵӰɣھƲԶ
ΪѣǮ
̫̫ţǮû粽ȥϣôܸʳǮ
ȻҲ֪ԼʲôУǱ˱죬ְ˺ϣѾͷװģǳԵİɣǸʲôӣ
԰ƶСӡ󲢲̫ЦеĴ
ĺͷһ£õС峢òóԡ
С壬ҵҪǮġƿüңС㲻Ǹ߹Ӳóԣֶ𣿡
ЩεĺٺЦ˵ˡ
εĽӴƷֺȻóûʲôۣƢҲԼһ·Ϣ˼ΣҲûκ塣
ڵĺ˵Ҫ£һпõ
ãҲһѡ
뵽ƿ˵С壬ȵϣǮԺԺóԵģ
ģɫһϲֿôĳȥ
һߣС壬ҵĳվôû𣿡
ϵĵͷûС
ƣ
С壬һóԵ裬ôʵĺ
С壬ûüǮȻǶöӣ
ôһ˵ҲعζˣͷѾͷСһȥ룬˰ӵǮҲð
ȻСô˵ˣҵȥˡƹͣһ£۰Ͱ͵ģƵ˵һС˰ӣ
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СǴ㶵ӣ̲סЦ
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ȰĿźƣ͵ϵУû׼ʺͱ˵Ķ
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ΪкС׸һ˸ϵеʱ̯λ϶챻ռˡ
˰죬һҵλá
ƣûеطˣ̯𣿡ŮЩΣԼҵλʵ̫ƫƧˡ
ƵǺ⣺Уȥɣ
ﻹǲ̫ģֶƣǧ߿Һܿͻ
ˣϽ߰ɣͷĻ˻֣һƨ˺Աߵĵϡ
£Ӵ
Աһλ˵İЦⶼ붬ˣܲ𣿡
С壬ӡƴ﷭Сӵ˹ȥ
ӹһƨ棬˵Ѿͷ֪С塣
Ա˵İЦеĿ佱СТ˳
ư̯λںãûʲô˵ԸԱߵİ졣
ţԼֵĲ𣿡
źܺͰĵͷ԰ԼԲ꣬óһЩ
ԼģЩ졣
ŵ˵ͷ԰
Ʋ㶡ſʮˣͷףԼһŲϵеĻأ
ƺ뷨λŽ͵ҾסƽϣǺԺԼֵġ
ޣƻȻĵͷţΪʲôҪѡôƫλðסôӦÿһռλð
˭֪λŴסýҲż̯ЩԶҪôõ·ѺλøǣǾͿһؼҡ

35µһͰ

ůɣ
û뵽еĴڨȻһλİţ鲻Խ˵ţǸˣ
˷ԼŹЦ
ţհ
ʲô󲻹յģҷžͺˣ
ֿʵ˴򽻵õġ
ҲЦգգۣţҪ׼ҲҪ׼Ŷ
Ų˵׼ʲô˼ʣͿִĸǲһѿڵӷڸǲϣȻֻȦߣĺ
ǳӣǳӿ
һƣһ߹·Ҫ
һ㣬ڿ㣬֤˻ԣ
Ů㶯ڼصʱв˺ѭ˹
ӣкǣôʲô
ǣС׬Ǯ˰ɣɶժԣ

ϳ֮׷׳ԼҲһЩȰ˵ưˣҪԻӡ
Ա̯λϵҲҴҵȰСŵĻЩ˰ɣҪǶſԸ㼸Ѳûȥԡ
ţЩѾˣ˾ԲֶӣƳ尢¶һõЦݣȻ̯ǰ˵һ˶ӣûֶӣұ֤ӲóԣҲкǣ
˵ţץ𼸸ӵݸԱߵĺС壬ԣ
ڰ·Ѿˣղ˰ǳӵζʹˡ
Ƹӣֽӹһӡ
С壬ѿǰ˰æѡ
һӿҧȴ᲻³
ѾͷǺ㰡
ƿЦãٺóҲܳԿǰ
ţ֪ԵüЦͣİ졣
ǳӵζٿ޲ðͷȥĳ࣬Աߵ˲Ҳ̿ˮ
̣̣㰡ҲҪԣһԼСкҡ̵
Щȷʵⶫܳԣ
ȻԳܳԵĳʳҸóԻˣǿԱץңЦеĴ
ȻƼݣһ˫۾ʮ鶯Цʱرϲ
԰ҪǳԻˣԱ٣
СҲûôĵƭǮ
˵Ż㣡
Ҫӣӣ

ԼǹٸϰĿеλߣԺƵĻΧ۵ﰲ٣ʱӵ˼
СôİСӵǸŵһʵ
ЦеֱȻһ£ǮǮһ
ô󣡡и꺺ʶľ
壬Ƿ˺ööϳŶһǳӵݸλ꺺ӣ㳢ǲ𣡡
λ꺺΢죬ڰ֣òãҲԡ
Ҫԣ㣬ҪԣǸСк
ְӿǰƽƵʷģõģСܵܣԣ
СкȲץ
һڣǹζ˲Ск۾ϲĽе̫óˣ̣ӣ
СӵķӦʮʵҸıΧ˶ʱǳӵζ
Ск̿ȲҪٳԵĲӣЦͳǮСһ
ϣĻشţĸǲƿ
װһŵֽԱ߻һСɢŵǳӡ
ֽݸǸţ˵һǰúã
ѰŵݹǮŽɰץһɢŵӵݸǸСкСܵܣǽĵһŶź죡ԽҪ˷ָһЩЩ͸㣡
ô˼Сӣлл㣿ǸſСѾӽӹȥˣæ˵
С˵лл㣡
ԣЦеͷ
˵һ⿪ţҲ׷Ǯʼˡ
Ǯ죬ˮƽϵϰ˵ȫ⡣źӵǶԸǮҲһЩûӳҲһȥӳʡ
вǳ֮Ͼʹ򿪳ˡ
ֽɢζǵ̾˸ϼˡ
ܿ죬һǳ˳ȥƵĺɰ
Աߵĺ۾ֱˡ
аõǳӶȥˣ̯ǰȴмŷΪû򵽶Ը뿪
˼˼̫ˣһߵǸһֽץɢŵǳӳǼȥЩȳҪǾúóԣ´ʱ
ԭЩļ˱һٶЩ˼׷ʵʲôʱʱ򡣡
һʱ̯ƻش
ã㣡õ𰸵ļˡ

36ͻƶ

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һƽִ򿪣˵С壬ҳģģ㻹ҵǮɣ
˵ġ۲ĿźǹĹĵĺɰС岻ǮŪˣ㱣
ǾͶлСĺˣЦЦĿһۣȻ󽫺ɰս
ûôɵļϵǮ
Ʋ¶
ﻹʣһǳӣƵһֽŵݹȥ
ţ㳢ǳӣ
ŲԣԼų԰ɣæ־ܾ
Цʱţ㳢ҵգ
ŮʵЦݺ͹ɵЦۣããùû뵽Ҳڸ
ѾͷٸСԼӰһԲʿˮ
ЦſһۣС壬ҪӣҪ԰Ӱ
ͬЦݣɺȴú󼹱쬵ġ
Ѿͷ˼ӣһͲ𣿺ϷӣѾͷɱˣӦǮСӳԣ
СģһҸӣ΢Ц
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¡ǺĿڵʹ̲סǳ˳飬װ˼ӣţ˵ʲô
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԰ڲãƶֲãҾ͸ɴʰʰóˡЦе˵
飺Ǿͷɶѿ԰
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ŶãˣǾ߰ɣﺩĵͷ
Ѿʰˣŵ𣺡ţ˶ѿ͸ȥԡ
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ٽ磬вû̯˶ͳԴĸԣҲٲ˻ǮϵС̯ϻ߷Է
һζƮĺֱ̿ˮƵĶҲ
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һһ棬ÿ˳ӣʮִ󷽵Ļ˻֡
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37°ì

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ԼܵȺԥһ£ǾԼŮƣС˻Ǯеû
ڸԼҪСǮ𣿺̲סһЦ˳
ΪţǺ㿴Ǯš
Ϊʵֺʹֱָؼĵ㡣
ҲΪıһ䣬ȴ־Ů˵Ĳؼԭ
Ҳ˵˸кС̯ϰ档
ϣϰˬӦ
ҲϽЪЪɣԱߵľʣźĴС̶ɶˣ
ѶһߣʵĴ˵׺棬Щɶġ
ϣһ˼ԼǲҲһЩϻȥ·
СϵĿӶһأ¶Ųˣ⵽˶Ķٴ
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ƣ⡭ҲСáﲻæȰ
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ŮµúһᣬһеԹƫãȴԼŮ˲ͷ
ˣһ극һȥЩǡ˵ǣѹװƾ죬Թǹֻһ׶ˡ
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̾ҽӵǮأҪܰǹװ
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ˡæֹҡҡͷҲҪǣǮǡ
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԰ƴߴ١
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ǲǡҡΪѣҾү̻ûԹӣԡ
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38»ؼұ

ﱻʵҭβ૽ͣ̾СѺùꡣ
Ƕ˭ѹꣿƷʣҪǰޣˡأСأǶûд·ˣ
⡭ε΢΢ͷǵûá
ƴĻʵһ굽ͷڵɻֳʳǮүү̸һǮ𣿡
ǵǼģֳʳҲǹеģȻܷˡ
ûֵأΪηһ˶·Сõ·СҲһװɣ·ǮĶģ
¶ѹЩѵ˵ǵãǡ̲ң
ⲻ㣡ѹӣҲʶЩ̫żˡ
ﱻϺͺ̫̫ѹ̫ãԹһζ˼Ѿٹˡ
ı䣬Ҫһһ
̾˿һһүүӵġӶˣϽ԰ɣ
ƣٻǮˣ㱾Ҳû١ﻹǲϳԡ
ֻʹɱﵣ㲻ԵĻɰҲȥүү̵ģ
Ůı飬Ҳ֪ԼٲԾͻŮġ
ãԣӣ͵ҧһڡ
ζ̼ζ٣ζдδйġ
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ҪЩǣһԼãһװǹ̫̫
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δ޵Ůڼ߻׬ǮĬϲУԼ˽ǮԼױû뵽̫̫ȻƤô񣬾ȻҪԼ˽Ǯ
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԰㲻˵ѾͷֻҪٰǹװͿ𣿡æ֤

39ۺĺ

̫̫û뵽Сӻ̨̲סݺݵһۡ
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ﱻĲ֪룬ԭء
ԭƺ޲ú̫̫ѺТԴѣǿѹӣ׻ˡ
̣һǮ緹ǮûиǣһӵǮİӡƴ˺̫̫˵ȻǾͰӻҰɣպС϶ûԹأ
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ÿ¯ҪǮټǣطҸģÿ׬ǮҪһ롭˵һİƣˣӵǮҶˣ˸һˣ

40´ط

Цˣݸһ㶮Ҷ񣺡ѾͷٹҪ޹ȥˣһôﰡ
ǲСһһ룡ȻǼ޽ȥ͵һͷƺķ
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ָͷ㣬̲ס̾ôһ㣬һ죬ʣ¼Ǯ
ѾܶˡһӲ׬Ǯһ׬ľ͸üˣæάаΪѾͷɵԼ׬ǮķҪ˷Ǯ
ƿһۣЦЦû˵
ڣǼ鼴
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ͬǺҵŮԼ챻ҪɴֻȴŲŲʮָմˮĴС㡣
׼ؽôңʡ
ϵЦŨˣȻؽ㲻ôţǳջǲģѾͷֻҪǳӵطؽ㣬ÿͿֱӰ㳴ˡ
ԭǴطⰡȻɫѵؽ㲻ǻҪæң᲻̫ˡ
׽ã㲻øؽҲûడ˵ʮ壬һģ
ǻ˳أƴ΢΢𣬽ѾȺõʢ˳˵Ƕ̫ˣֻؽִֻҿ˰ɣ
˵꣬뿪ˡ
ϴӺı׷˵㣬ɫѿˣˡ
šνӦһ
ͷΪʲôΪ˵ؽɲ˴ֻ𣿡
СϣһҪᣬȻȥӣЦһ
ţӿϵע˲䱻ˣ̲סȸԾĻ
ʱ̫̫˰ûԵޣ֪ԶʳĺĸΣ³Եܶϡ
ϱŵһ飬ɫЦݽԱȡ
Сϣ¡С˵ܵһ䣬תݺ̣ҪǳӻܶϡĻôүүҪҰТүү̵ûʡĳԲˣҲТ
Ѿͷͻᶥ죡һ˺ĳ죡̫̫޷޵
Ҳ֣Ц˵ð˺ҵ죬û֪Сںɽˣ
ûˣƺ̫̫һ仰ҭĹǺҲŭܲ˵ĳȥϹ˵
ɹ˺̫̫Ƴ͵͵Լĺϼ˼۾ߣݳӣ
仰̧˵Щź
ݵĿźƣͷ
Ҳ󣬼Ϻ̫̫ɤּ⣬͸ǿԶĺȻҲ˺̫̫
ɫ̫ÿĬ
ԥĿ˵ҪӸùȥɣ
һʱһ˴һӡ˵
̾ûС϶᲻˵ġ
˭֪̫̫ϲľôŮСӣƽﶼһۣʲôóԵĶ˳ԡҪͺԵģǰԼͺϺеĳԡ
ںһŸӣҪŮӳԣͺϺֻһ˰ӡ
ٳ˰ӣȻܲˡ˵ףǺӣ
ҲԼ뷨εĴͷ̾˿
һţͿ˳üڿϡ
㶣µ԰ӵĿա
Сϣ԰ӣƹװû˳üչģװŰӵ˵ǰ
ĬϿӣȳԣ
ΪѵĿǰİӺͿӣ̽飺СϣҪȱˣ
Ϊʲôգգ۾ֿӣ̲סʿˮ
ϲ̵Ŀε񣬱ۣСúܵСûӳԣǰøǣòã
⡭ɵˣ֪ͷƣ㣿
ŬѹƿҪŭ
տգôôӵ˰챻ָűҪȥ˼ҺãҪˣ
տգҲûѪԵϵòΪԼ
ƣҲô˵ϾռõŮ塭ˣ㲻ᶮѪԵеģ
³һưŵ˿ϣ̧ϵ۾ղʲôҲ˰ɣ

41ºĸı

ΪˣԲžΪѰҲ֪ƵһƬТģҪԼСϳԶٺõġǣСϳӣֻ»ᱻ̫̫ǺޣԺûаˡ
뵽ҧҧŮƣ˵öԣȷʵӦóԶʳ
ûгԶʳүү̴ӣҽ컹Сˣƺ˿ϵԴﵽôģһһԼҪ侲Ҫƽ͵Ĺͨ
˵ǣСûûгԵӰ
˼ǣȫ˱붼Եӣǲܳ𣿡ƹʵ
뿴ԼСǲǱŵҵĩˣ仰ȴϵϡ
̲סۿһ죬ͷһߡ
β֪ЩԼŮܵί
ÿμкóԵģ󷿡ͺܳԵƫƫȴһڶûóԡ
ÿء·ɺȴֻܴС˵Լľѣȥøֶľ·
һ죬ӸɻֽŶöɴ󷿵ȴΧŻ¯ȷԡ
Щô᲻֪
ǣʲô취أ
ϵ£ʹҲ޷˵̫̫Ļ
ӵζ˴Ρ
ϲͣſˮϡƺ֮ǻ
ӵᣬӵĿˮŮʧı顭еһж̼ź񱾷ֵˡ
һеΪʲô׬Ǯӣԭһ˵£еȴֵɽ
Աĵ׷³һ֣ԣ
ϲתͷ
Ĩ˰ЦģϽȺСϳ԰ɣ𹼸Ƶһ⣡
ǡϻЩɡ
Ĭ룬˵ѾТˡڴ󷿺ԾԼ׬Ǯ򣡡
ԼǺû˵ôӲĻһʱ֮סˡ
ΪֶޡЩŬû̼ڵڿˣ
ˣһֱԵΪصȻҲıԼ̬ȡ
ȻƵϣϵͷˡ
ãǳԣȥ۽ǵˮЦкϣСϣ㲻㣡
ϹЦȴ˳۽һֱͣ·ҪЩܵίһ㡣
￴ֿЦϣۡЩˣ޶ôίһȡ
ӱϷֳķݣҪͺһҲٳһ벻ɡ
ԱߣȲĽԼİζ̲סе̫óˣԭζģ㰡
ˡƳĿԼǰӵݹȥ
Ϻܶµҡͷ㣬ԣɺóˣ
ڼгԱһ㶼Ц˵ʵǻһ˳һأ
˵ֻ棬ûӣɽӵƵݹֻϵĵ˵ͷ
˵ı֤üЦĶ˰ӡ
źҸı飬һСϣҪҪһȥа
ð
ǳ⣺ȥʲôôԶ·ߵĶѵҪ㱳㲻ɣ
ԭǵ˲䱻һˮ˪Ӱˡ
Ҫµظɻ׼ҵţȥպСϿԸ飬ܰҿ̯ư˵û
üһǣСȥУôУ
׼Сһȥİɣæ˵
ϣСҪĻǧܣ
ɫһЦݣһĻ
ʱƵĺѰ
ڴһŲ԰˸˴ǰ
Ƴ˶ӳԼӭӣһкѾͷˣ
СõˡƿǸżģЦӺǺܴģһӾ˺
ȲֱʵѾͷС嵽Ҫɶ£
С壬Ҳ֪ҵƽҪµظɻҪһԼȥУҵֲġ
ƻû˵꣬ظëԼСȥֻҪÿС棬ٸСӾУ

42»Ϊ

СģҲæġչһЦһͰСѵС㲻Ծ¥ĳ˺Ͱ׷Űͷڳ⣿
Ȼˣ˵ĿˮҪˡ
С׬ܶܶǮ
ӵ龰ϵ˵ͷš
ã׬ǮÿٶС԰ͷ⣡ƿźŹ˫ۣݸһЦֻСҲܹԲɻҪæʱҲҪ
ǵȻͷѾͷԺʲô;ܸС˵С϶ɣ˵ҵ⣬ͷг˺Ͱ׷
һԣ֡
Եͷֿ˿֣ɶһԵģ
ȣҵ˼ǣ˵ˣ˭ڣƻ˻ƣΪģ
ޣãڣ׹ֺһ¡
һĻƶȴԼʽС
úʣͬʱȴԼԼѾͷԺܳĺӾҪˡ
ֻðڳԼ֣̲ס촽żʵѾͷ˵ɣСɶ
䣬ԺȻӵĽƣƣ
ƴţ̽ͷӦһˣ
ȻźЦС壬һȥɣһ֪ʲôˣ
⣬̽ͷ̽ԵĳԺ￴Ľűߣһ
Ƴæ֣ױƵİóƣ㿴в
Ӵ̵Ϥˣ¶ɫӲǡ
óӴĺϸÿһӶʮָɾ
ͦãԺУĵ˵ͷʵжٽ
ûơҡҡͷ
һ𣬵˵ࣺʮ̫ˡ
µĹٱˣҪҳǰȥժ㣿ѯʡ
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ûڣѾԾ˵ȥ𡣡
ӴӰͶӱ׼Ϻɽ
̧ͷ죬ĵĶ֮ǰһҪעⰲȫҪйٱͻ
֪ˣӻͷ֡
Ͷӽȥ˺ɽƻؼԺҲûš
ûҪҪַƶѿ̶ѿ
ѿѣѿȴҪʱ䡣
ڼתһȦƾɵ衣ϴϴɾһװƶһװ̶Ȼˮš
費Ժֻһƶȥ
ֱߵʵ̫٣ż´ȥеðҪõĹҲ
Ͼ̫̫רŶأҿ϶ֻҪԼóĶ̫̫ϾͻǮ
ںҵţ㰡
Ƹп̲סԿտ˵տգûʲô취ȥ
տգˣ޸Ժ󣬲Ҫ
ƣҵ˼Ǻ͵Сһȥ
տգˣλҪһ㣬ֻзּҡ
һּңԷּҰ
տգˣԵȣȥѯһ¡
ƣ㻹ֽвѯ
տգ֮ǰѯλ汣ݣʹֵģˣģǶʮָѯܣ
꣡ǱռȡЦ𣿺ưĥĥ
տգˣ鵽ˣּңɼĳʱ峤֤ǩֻѺ
ƣ˼ǱϺͺּ̫̫ͬҲУ
տգǵģңƲָҲүү˵㡣
ǺϺͺ̫̫϶ǶһǮġ΢΢ü
տգˣС
ƣܲһ˵ꣿ
տգλ滹һϻ˵Ǹĸڣּң
ƣ
˵˰죬ҲֻҪϺͺ̫̫ڣû취ּ£
ԼҲΪҪּҾɣĻԼǱƫ۶ĺ̫̫Ӷ񶾸Ӳ
ͬ˪һ᲻
ּܷҳȥζԼţһֱܵ˵ļӺԼ
֮ǰͶһ˱һӸ˻
ƽ˿
һȥɻ۵ͷ󺹣״̬ȴʮֺãһ롣
ķ˺̫̫ע⣬Ǻ̫̫ķ̰ͺƶ˺
æϣѺӵ˵˳Ȼ˴󷿺ͺĲ
Щһһļδš
ԺҪоʳģ׬Ǯۺӻںأ

43µܻᷢѿ

ϡ϶źʰӡ
Ƿ˹
רŸҿӴ̵ǣϸüҺõӼСڣмİ˹
Լǰźǣҵ㹻ȥǰżСڣȴõӹһʱȥʼ
˶
ʱеӶˣҲɹƺ
ǣµһַֹʼˡ
źƳӣ︺ͻСʯͷóӳ÷ֶѣŰ
һĿæ˿ʱڰӶװá
У̫̫˵Ƿϵͣɶһ䡰ͻϡ˻ȥ
ں϶ԣÿζǷֺã̫̫Ѫͷɽ죬Ůһ仰ͰѺ̫̫˻ȥúﶼ١
ص̲סпа취ܶס죡
˳ͻݵϾԲᵱźӵ˵ĻɼҲǱĺˣĺϣһԲٰ
ʵҲа취׬Ǯ˵ӾֱƲɫû
Ҳб°ϸţ̲ס̾˵ҲҺûãЩ֪ͷɻһǮû²˵ļױҲûס
ζƿܣסӵ֣ңܿˡ
ҵ࣬ǺǡЩʣͬ꣬СϱС£СİװֵģСȴСҸɻݵƤǡѾˣҾͲ˵ˣأ
ᵽЩˮ̲סۿ䣺شСѧŮ죬ɰͬŮΪξͲѧŮ죿ڱǿңƵȥͷ¶Լױ
˵ԣһ˵ܵίֹһ㡣
ԼίҲͰˣɶŮܵί͸ǷĿһ
˵̲ס§źƿ
ﱻ˵Ҳζڵ
ϲ̫ʲôǿᣬۿҲˮȴµûп޳
ˡ޴İοϡ
ϳĽҵƣԺô찡
з֢Ƽ޹ȥʲô
Խ룬ϾԽħһ˵ƣƴűˣҲҪȥˣ
ңϹ˵ʲôʱ̧ͷü̬ҳô࣬ΪҺŮǾԲģ
ǺǣȥƵ½ˣһҵġЦЦʵʱô죿
ûһԼϱ֮ѡҲΪ̫Т˳ᣬΪأΪѡ
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һֱûĺϿĵȻһ˳㲻Ҫ𣿡
СϡתŰСϱ˻
ͷʹޣȴ䲻洫̫̫ҹĿɥޣ϶˲ɣ
̫̫һϺͺϲԼͬĶһ£ƴѹסˮȴĸ͡
ԭһڿĵĸɻȴһƬƲҵ
ﲻ֪Ϊʲôȴ
̲ס룬Ǵʲôʱʼ޶ҷģ
Ҹô죿ΪʲôⶼΪʲôڵϣʹȥԼͷ
̲סڽĵ׵Ļ˵˳ּҰɣ
ʲôһ㶣ƺû˼
ּңһ³ⱲԴﶼûֹֻ֣з˼ңСϣŻкӹ
ƣϾŵĺֹ˵˵Ҫ治˴𣿡
򴽣ٿˡ
һҹ˶û˯á
ֱʱ򣬺ƻ̾
֪Լּ£ȻףںȴѾӡ
µӣܻᷢѿ
µʱ취
ΪҪȥУı磬ȻҲһҹδ˯۾Щס
ϴ֮˯ʵĺϽʰ㿴ŹǷ˳
ҪǺ̫̫Сô𣬿϶ǵþȵİӵɡ
Թϡ緹ƺͺϱ˼š

44ºܺõĵ

ڰƽ壬ҪţȥϵĻȫҵţ
ȫΪ˺鿪ʣĴϾ¥ﵱƣϵľѧͽÿ춼ţڰƽʹƽ֮һ׬ЩСǮȥӡ
˵ͷĴʱȫҵţѾĸ档
УƽԵԴҲ˸ڳϡ
ӴⲻǿҪȢŵϱ𣿡ƣԴĽе
ƿһۣûᣬڴ³麵̵ȫǰ
ȫ壬˵ĳѡͳǮ˹ȥ
ǮǺһȥ̫̫ĥġĵĸ̫̫֤ǮӳԣԲƽܻ
Ǯһ֣תͷͽ˺ϡ
ţ£϶סġʱ̫̫֪ˣֻҪһٺ
ǣȴ˲ôˣԺȥǮ̫̫˭һˣǮ˸أ
ȫӹǮЦ̸ָָţѾͷϳɣٵȻߡ
ãƵͷǣźϵߵǰ
ϵԴֳĺ̲סֳ̫߳ˣƽｴƿ˶ˣȻҲɻˡ
˭үڳתƣôüƿӵֱ׳ķ
ѺϱϳԲûˣıС˼άˡ
ԴҲû뵽Լıȷ˵£Ȼһʱ֮޻˵
һתѻֳ˸ϳĺϣӴ޵ϱڼҷ£ɶأ
ƿһ˵һ۾б˼֣ص֪ɶù䣬ֱʾǡ
ѾͷԴֱӵķʽҭеΣЦʵⲻ˵ȥɽӣ׬˲ǮԺĴ
ɨһۣϵҲ˶䣬֪Լӵ¿Ѿȫ塣
ȷʵڼˣҲ׬˵ǮǮǲġЦŻش
ǳϺɽϵӿǮˣ
Դһֱ˺Աߵλϣȵסĸ첲ܸɣ˳˺ɽӾܶϡôɳʳȥǮأôģ̽£
տʼϱɺѾͷ仰Ĺ͸ĿڽˡԴ׽ıҲǹԵģ
ƽյķˣ죬ҲӰֻҪˣȻͲЦЦûлشһ⡣
ԴĿľ֪ǳôģϼ˵ǳһӾˣž;㡣
ƣǳզģ̽£˵ҲҪųأԴĵ׷ʡ
ʱպţȫչʮˣӸţǰС
Դ׷źǳӵȫŤͷȰԴҵģѾͷҪȥǮģզ£
ԴԴɷΪ˺ʵ֣ԴȫԸ
ȫ˵ģֲȥ׬ǮôڼҸųԻˣԴֱ׳˵
ЦЦĿӵܵҪԣﳢνǳӿҸҵطĴֻһ᲻ӦҲϣһû޹ȥͱ˰ɣ
£ҪڸģΪԴطףԴᱻ˴ģ
ô˵ԴڨڨЦˣôأʡû뵽ôиû޹ȥҾͰطø׬Ǯˡ
طҵģҵġһľ
Դһ֣һⲻһ𣿡
ǳҪҸϳȥģôһأѾ˵ˣԺҪǽӵҪطҲл˵ġ
ԴԼ˵ˣư͵Ц鵲ƻͦõġ
Ѻϵڽ˽ֱС˯һɣ˯һ͵
ͷһţоʣʼǿĴɲһλƵĽ˯ˡ
ΪµܵȿţһֱСĵ§ͷԼɫıתΪ硣
ǰĺˣҲ΢΢ӣѧģĸƵ硣
Ʒ˺С΢ЦС˵ллС塣
ûɶûɶЩ˼ͷתװȥǰ·
Ťӣƴ̵øˡ
ʱůҲǿԻഫݵģ

45µһμ

ţҲ·˺ܶ࣬һʱִ˴ƽ
ƽѺϣԺСӣ̲סЦ
㡣Ŵе
ư³ߣ̯ȥ
Ƕ˳ȫҪȥģʱǰ
֪ˣ壡ƻͷӦȫ˻֣ټ
ҲźòĻ֣ټ
ãԣȫӣЦǺǵĿޡ
ɫ磬ȴѾ˺ܶڰ̯ˡ
źֱ̯ǸطǲںʵѾͷ磬ôȥռλð
ҴӦ˺ļλ컹˵طǲҡƽ͵˵ſ϶ǣǸպÿԸ顣
̯ռλùȻҪƸصǴȥԺ̶̯λʱŲɹ˿ʧ
ߵ̯Ľ䣬ƷžȻҲ͵ˡ
ЦǺǵкƣˣҰռλá
˵ţŰԭԱ̯λ
źãҵܵСϡźϹȥܡ
Ϻܹɵĺźã
ԣֵ۾гһ죬ӰһֽݹԼӵıųԣ
۾ֽȴֽӣͷȥơ
ţڼҳԹЦžܾ
ȴˣôŵղðڼҳˣôԶ·ҲͶˣٳԵӣ
Ƴһ£ЦˣǾͲСϣϿллţ
ллţϹԹԵ˵
Űֽ˳֡ԽܣԽԽϲ
ģϵ˶
ƻûпʼǳӣѾû򵽵˺ԹԵҵ̯λǰ
ǣƹ˲óԱǲҪ֮Ϳʼæµ
οǣûԱţվ̯λϸƵݰõǳӡ
СҲְ֪æֻǮд˿ͣӵĻȫȨ˺
С壬λǳӣ¶ԷݹǮк
ĬĬùӵݸվ̯λǰĸˡ
źӵģƿСɿɰҲץɢװ͸Է
˳ģӵ費ҪЩ˻ؼңĸǽֵĲˣʡ
£ŽĲ˶һ롣
źϢˮʱЦеٴο佱ƣܸɰ˭ҪȢ㣬и
ţһŮӼҳʳˣƺʵ
ӡˣˣǳӣͷ¶ĺܶˡΪûп̾أ
ҡͷʲô˵ģǿԼ˫ʳɱͬŮҪõĶأ
ţ濪Ҫ̾ͺˣ̲ס˵˼ţٿ̫̫ûȣţͽ˼ҵ̣
ЦҲԵ̰ӻˣҽܸʶ
ŻûǸԼǣߵ°һߣεתƻ⣺ȣţҪˣ
˵꣬ŤͷǴǳӿ̵ǳӣ֤˻ԣǮǮ
ţһС˴̯ܵλǰҡҡ
λС磬㴭˵ֲܡЦек
С˷˰ۣںƽһЩЩҶҪˣ
ȫҪһ㶣ͷһ
Լʣ¶ʮӣҲʮԷȻ˵ȫҪˣ
Сִ˼ӻͳһСӣ
ƶӲĬĬпտգտգӣ
տգˣҲλҪͨҡ
ƣҿӶأ⻹Ժһμţ
տգݿտɨ㣬ӴԼǶǮء
ƣǮҲǮ
տգǵģˣ
̯λǰС˿ƶԼӷǰ˻ΣιأûӰ
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Сˣ
ƣǮҲ
Ϊֹһ˲һǮʮҲֵʮǮңô˼㰡
Сû뵽ô˵̲סֳһүģˣҪⲻȥͰҲһҵˣ

46´

𣿺ãæĸǲóȻʾݸСˡ
С˽ӹ˵࣬ЦǼСѾһӻȥС㿴ˣСøүԡүԹԺϲ㣬ȥǳʡ
룡湻ȦӵģƲϴʽ΢ЦллǼүллǼС㣬ҲллǼСѾߡԺ򰡣
˵С˵ˡ
ӣ׮׬ˡСѵĸоɣ
Ѿͷģչȥúӡ
ƿĶû̯һ
˭ֻ֪ûõ˼ôǮ˶ˡ
֪ˣС壡ƿź¶һϵЦݡСǰֻǵĺóƷǺܲģͿԸС壬ͬʱѸ½Сˡ
ԹһߵĺգգۣСʵ㣬ǲ׬˺ööǮ
ǽСģ̲סֳ߹ȥСӣǰһԸܶܶóԵ
̫ˣϿĵֲ֣䣬Ǹȥһԡ
ܵܵТ˳úƸοЦӯӯĵͷã
û뵽ǳô죬ϻвˣƾȥһ䣬˶ʲô
ѸǲʰҸ£źϸŵ
ƣ컹𣿡ЦǺǵʵ
ƵͷšûĻһ
ãŸռλãźϲòܸɵС
æлллţ
ˡںƺͺϵĸȾ£Ҳڸŵ
ЦеĶСӣҪֶӺֶŮ
һġͷ
ƽļв̯ǺԾŻõ̯ʮ֡
㣬ˣָ·˵С˷ܵĽе
ͣ½Ųߣһ
ҲҪȻҡͷȴ͸ſ
ƶ۾Ϊʲô
촽С˵̻ġ
ٻؼң̡Ƴգգۡ
ϵ۾ϲõĵͷ
һǮȷʵˡ˭λζƷļ۸񶼹ľأ
ƸСǮȻúԼһˡ
ϱһϻģˣľǰ
Сϲϻһߣһʵ
Ҳǡϳ֣ʾѶչ
ƸȥСԼС˵ΪϻһԺͶ㡢Сųԡ
⺢ӣƿЦõͷ˵ʲôζ
ССԼȴʱʱıůԽǴ浥ԽǻȫȫⲻʵĶһ˺ðɣ
̯඼Ǻܻļģֹ֯Ʒģֹ޿ЬģڳʳƷֲ࣬ʳҲͷӡʳȣʳһЩԼֵˣ⣬лѼԼѼȵȡ
һȦƶԼĶԼĿռҲġ
׼źϡȥԷʱ򣬺Ȼֱ߲Զһ
ⳳӵУһܶ˵ƹҶӲǹģٸһλɣҪߣ
ףͣסŲ˹ȥȴֵ˵ţʲôҲ
㣬ȫͷЩɻ
СҲǹȥɡ
ڴƽĽֵϣһװɵľ¥ſڣΧźܶڿ֡
ûʲô˵ģûǮͲˣϽʰߣ¥ĺƹͷĻӻ֡
ߣվһӣմգӦҾ¥ĳʦ
ȫĴ֣ͣĳƹ
ȴֱͦˣܲĿǸӣûжǵˣδװԺֱӾ͸˶˹ȥˣҶֽţ
ǿΪʲô˻£ţǾ¥Ʋˣô˴û˵⣡ѵ˼ԼԼƣδһĵ֣ȻƤӵ¶ֽţ˵˭ôɵģǲ˾¥ƣ
¥ǴƽϺܲľ¥ΪбߣʮֿɹۡδǾ¥Ĵʦһãƹĸ˵ʮֿ
һССûƣᱻ

47¿ɸҸҶһ

δһڣƹɫҲЩÿȫ˵Ӿ̸ˣѾǸˣȻĻҪ˱ٸҾ¥ĲҩˣʱӾ͵ˣ
ƹ֪Ǻˡȫ촽ţƽǴЦʹ;
֪ƹ˵ûǱ٣ֲǮΡǣӾҩ˵¥ϳȥԺôˣֻ±ĵطҲҪȥġ
Ҳ֪ԼҪٵʲôǿ¶ʣƹʲôûҷģ
ȻھԵ£ûκεô
δĿһۣת¥ȥ˷ҵʱ䣡һøϽһ̲˸ȥ
ƹҲ˻֣ˣϽ߰ɣٸ鷳ˣ
ƹ㣡ҶһλɣƹҲҪߣȫ̲ס˹ȥסȣȻǰ
̲סһǱߺ𾪡
ˣҹ£ȫͷǳ
²òͷ
ʱﲻϵ˼ϵΪԼѾȥ棬Ҫϵȥƹˡ
һ򣬹ļǣԼǵ˶ֽš
û֪һĵ裬ҧ´˿˿ѪӴ˳
ȭ΢΢ȴһһĳƹ˹ȥ˫ϥһҪ¡
ȫ壡ִ磡һĺ¹ĶڰգŤͷѭȥ㿴˱źϵĺơ
ȫתͷҲ˺ƣɬ죬¶һȿ޻ѿЦݣѾͷִ¡
ȫ壬ִ粻˵ûжǵ𣿡߹ȥѺϷ£˵ִ粻ˣ
ӡû뵽ʱˣһûΣҲû˵ĺơ
ƹȴȥˣѵƣС֪ô£ͲҪſں˵
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ƹʵҭŭ˦˦ӣǵ˸˵ģڿ˳֮һ£˭
ɲֲİһ޹˵
δǾ¥ʮˣǾ¥һƣѵԼҩԼƣƹŭЦСĪΪǺδҩݺֲɣ
ҿûô˵ҡҡͷֻǾûŪ֮ǰôҸڹеʣ
仰˺ƹ˼ûλݲһ㣬ƹǱŸϽҸ˶һ
ںһƹЩ²̨ںԣҾ¥ʲôطҪ˱ڹ˵飬Ϳߵڰ𣿡
ھǺڣ׾ǰסҿһߵġЦĺܿɰĻȴʮģƹҲϣ¥Ժһлҩ˵ɣϾִҩĻҲҩ
֮⣬ݻҩƹҲѾ
ƹ˲̧ͷɨһȦΧ۵İնڶž¥ָָ㡣
²壬¥ֻҪӰ졣
СǾ¥лƣҲܱ֤ÿƶᱻ򡭡
ƹĻû˵꣬㱻ҡͷϣѽƹôô˵أ˭˵˳˾һǾ¥ƻ߳ʦأ
㵽ʲô˼ʲô˵ˣƹͷԣĺǷꡣ
Цеĸ𰸣Ҫȥţ⣬ܿʲô⡣ҿҸһ̸óԵΣ
㣿ƹƲƲ죬Բ
ְѻеĺɰ˳˻Σҽ׬ǮҼҲ⣬óԵţ⣬ô׬ЩǮͶˣΣƹɸҸҶһģ
ѾͷôǮ㡭æֹ
Ƴҡҡͷݹһ԰
ԱȫҲȰѾͷˣôΪ°Ǯȥ
ȫ壬Һͺƹ֮ĶעͱЦŻش
٣СѾͷе˼ƹǳĺɰٿĺƣӣаջӮ
ûգҪԡЦķʣôƹ䲻𣿡
ƹûбļסʮŵʵӮˣҪʲôע
ҪʲôֻҪջشִĻΪִµǸЦʮ˵

48ţǳ

ƹһ£İ˾Ҳǲˣԩ֣ȻǸ
ҲΪ´Ʋ䡣
ƹףȻ
ãϣڳλҺͺƹ֤ллˣƺܽĳܹ˹ȭ
ֵǷ׷ױʾû⡣Ǿ͵һ֤ˣ
ҲһЩЦѺƣСϣҵ⣬Ȼһ׬Ǯ˿ɲҪޱӰ
Χ۵ģǶģƶ΢ЦԣǺ⡣
ִ磬Դҽȥţ𣿡ͷ֡
ֵۿЩ죬صġšһȻ󳯾¥ȥ
ƹҪֵĻư˰֣ȥ¥ᡣ
¥ȻǴƽߵľ¥ҲλǰУ¥һ㶼ݲǮĿ˲Ż˵ĵط
λݺܲһ㰡ѹֺƹһƽϢ˵ŭ
ƴž¥ڵ龰˶¥
ȫͱźϵĺ󣬶ƹŲƵ档
¥ߵİĿţλŽڽⲽһλŰɫ۵θʹſϡ
һԣиСģСķλſŵӣǡ
ˡվſš
ſλɫеŤͷ֣ҧгݵĻȭСӻҳ֣ӽ㣡
ûü㣬Ӳһȭų
ôһأ¶ĺƵˡ
Ǹʲôģɫеüȵʮֲ
ǸСҲ̧ͷƲһ㶣е㲻ǳӵǸС𣿡
㣡ҲϳǸСˣȻĿڰһɨ϶ŵӿǣб
Ǹ׵ӿƣֿСˣīʶ
ţ³ӣղŹǵӣǴǶġС˽ܵ
³ӵɫһЩ˵ͷ˵
Сʲô𣿡Сѯʡ
ƺƿϵ֣˰ᣬЦ˵˵ҹӳˣ
ˡ
˶һߣǸſθİӣǶˡ
ƫƫīһĽͣҼҹӲΪԶ˲µġ
Ӻ޲ӶԼС˵ͷƫƫܵһֱθֻܱ絶Сī
˵ı֣ƲҪﲻסЦˡ
ȭŵ߿һŬڳı飺֪ҹҲδؾţ⡣
ǳӵ⣿³ʵ
ƱԼĿˮǺˣȿȡ
ҺãһλŰɫ۵ΪΧ³֣ҶҲ˲ǳӣȴû֢״ɼǳӵ⡣
лλִԣƱȭ¡
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³ȴˣʵ־ͳţǳӣ⣬ʲô⣿
ʵԣȷʵ⡣߹ȥһʣİţ⡣
ȷһţûйڱʣòŵζȻһ²Ŀˮˡ
һͣƷɿľԼʿˮĶȻ˵ţǳһԣͻθʹŻ¡ŵĻǿҸһ¡
㲻˵Ҳʵġ³Ȼüͷ̽ȥôȥôã
īԥһ£˵³ӣӣ鷳տһҼҹӣȥҽݿ
ãչҹӣȥ³һ֣ת첽ȥ
֪Լ΢Ҳûָһ¾ͻԼڣֻҪܳɹڰﲻϳȥһƻɹˡ
һҵĽŲԶ
һС˴קһԼʮгڰſڡ
ӣӣһˣİԼǰһƣλǴĺδ򡣡
̽ôŻ³ӭȥżץסеĸ첲δ򣬿ֵܿǲжˣ
ǸδûأֻܷŰ۵ͷá˵
չߣɫЩأζû˵
³Ӽˣô£㵹˵
⡭δһ£˵λֻǳ˲óԵĶ
ʲôвóԵĶ³Ƣ̫ã׷š
δۺӣ۾ڵϵŻδĲɨһȦ˽ۣӦ⡣
Ҿ˵ţɣ³ӶʱðɣȻ¶ӽҪ¥
ƹæᣬЦ˵ϢŭϢŭѾ¶Ԫףϲ˵Ļ֡ھͽӣƾã
ȻµһӦǱȫ¥˱
û¶ŭ˵
㻹˭ƹӳ˳ģǲҪſϳϣ
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ʲôԼƹûڣ³ӱˡ
Ҳ³ǸֱӣҲΣھ¥ſԼƹ¶Լ˵˳
꣬ڵλӶˡ
³̾Сﵨͦ󰡣
ȴεҡҡͷ秵˵ܶϷ
ſϵ빫ȴˣָ𣺡㡢㡢Ȼģ

49˵ʳ

˴ġƸ
빫ӻǺܲˬ񶾣ҶµĿˡ
ģֻθĶ¿ͺˣظʱұ֤ˣ
ӣ³һЦ˳ֻ̲סĴ档
빫ӵˡ
λСɲҪ˵빫û˵λδȴźӽѵˣ˶ɲǼ򵥵һ¾ܺõģ
üδղλ빫ж𣿡
ﵹǲԣ֢״ȷʵЩסδ
ʣԺδӦÿʲôҩⶾأ
ڲ֪˺ζ֮ǰܺҩδ¶õĺǳ
ѵ⡢̲ס˸ۣðɣҲ˵δʲôûҲû취ҩ
㡢㡭δֱֲĻĺӶˡ
³ȴúܺƢЦ֣˵úã˵úãԭҲ˵ȻһЩǶǵĻŪǣƾֵôţҪкã
˵꣬ѵԼС̽ĸƵطӹҽΪβȥʹã
㲻˵ҽҴһ£ʹӶߣͦԶġ̽һίĽ͡
㡭³ӵ˵ָۣ˵ͷƺʾ̽ͷٸˡ
ԼС˵۾³Ӳû⵽ԱߺδΪĻɫһһ׵ģЩ²̨
󣬻˹ǫ͵ӳԲת˵ϾʱҴ٣δһʱ֮𲻳Ҳʺδ֪ƽڣļҽݵĴóⶾƼһ
⻰ǲɫԲ˺δж˵
δɫźÿһЩ˼һ˵ⶾĻȥʹá
û˵꣬ϺȻīĽӣҰѺʹõĸϴӣ㻹ðɣ
īǺˮӳڰſڡ
ϴ֣ſϵ빫΢΢£̧ͷ
⵽ղŻưĺδҲ·˸˰㣬վſڣӭӸϴĵ
ʹӦþǴƽõҽݣλϴȻҲʮ
˼䣬ϴѾᡣ
Ĳ࣬ϴӻףĿͰأҽǹɱ˵ʡ
³Ӻ񣬹Ľеϡ
δҲһϡ
ϡ빫Ҳ˫ֳҪվϴ
ϴæֹ빫Ӳض
ָ빫ӵϣϴûδ۾۲빫ӵɫ
ڸϴʱ̲ס˺¸
Σϴջ֣¶һЦݣ빫ӿǳţǳӣ
ǡ빫￩һۣһ߻شһ̲ס˺һۡ
ͬһƵĻ³ӡӡ
˵øϴЩ棺ǿλСʲôʲôģ
ϴǳӵġЦҽܣָָڽ滹Ųװǳӵֽ
ϴӾˣʶתͷ³ӣǲǰ˼ץ˼ҵǳ⣿
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ϴ˵ľȻӵСһģһ
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ƹְ棺Ҫôңһ᲻˼ġ
ѾҲ᲻˼֪˼ĸôд𣿰ӴҸ³ֱӾˣ󱻸ϴʳָͷһı
ϴεҡҡͷô˼С˵𣿼ֱ˹ģ鶼׶ˣ
Ҳòμӿƾ١³Сš
ûʲôӦƵĶȴ
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¾ƿ˿³ӵɣϵϴĻ֪ݾԲ¾
ƣ¾أûʲôӵǿԲòμӿƾٵģ
տգˣǾ͵ϮƷŵľͿԲòμӿƾٰӣҪ̳оλġ
壿³ç˵³ӾȻ壿ƾò˼鼫ˣλĹĺܵͰ
ιΪʲôң³ۼĿԼʡ
һߣƵջߣûʲôҾ뿴ʲôӡ
ߵ³Ӷʱƻˣû˵
Ա̲ססԼ죬еЦȴʮԡ
빫ӷӣЦ۵ĵ³үҲн죡Ӵ˻
³ˣԼǽѲ
һߣȫָȴԵЩ
ȫ˰ſʵ𡢸ϴ˼˵λΪţһˣ
ûϴЦס
ȫ˫ּĶˣǾ˵ţû⣿
⡭ϴһ£ಢδƷ½ۡ
Զ𣿡ƺʵ

50һٷ

Զô뵽ϴźƣС˼һ˫۾ˮģ͸ϡ
Ʋ˼򴽣˵Ҳ֪ǲġ
ţȷʵԶĹܡϴЦΪ󣬡еĶ붼ԳţӣκһʹɫһȴʹθŻ£ʮܡ
ͬĵ˵ͷллϴ򡣡
ÿϴۺӡ
תԭǫмı˲һ䣬Щĳſȥƹˣ
⸱˳ćNɪģűߵ³̲סһЦ˳
Ҳ̿ƹ˼Сˣ
ǰƹεЦҡҡͷû뵽Сﻹмֱ£
˵ţתְ֣ԩȥھ¥æɣ
šƵӦһ̲סŤͷƣҪлȴֲ֪οڡ
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лңҪллλСɣƹ˰֣ӹλСﵨʶˣҶ¶Լ־Ҫԩˣ
ǣǣưȫʱĲ֪˵ʲôãƣôлźãִĶ˰
ֲû˱ͨҩԼھ¥ﵱơȫ֮ǰ붼£ںƾȻ쵽ˡ
ƿżĲ֪ȫ۾֣¶һЦݣȫ壬һģҲӦõİֻҪŪͺ
ƣɶҲ˵ˣԺҪɶܰæģ;˵屣֤쵽ȫظ֤
ƲҲǡ
Ҿллȫִʱҿɲģգգۡ
һߣ³ӺҲϴ˺Ƹƹĵ£ǵĸϴʮ־ȡ
̲ס֣ʾԷԼǰȻʵСε֪ţӲͬʳģ
ƸҪ˵ϴ㲹˵İɣһ˿ɲ֪ҲǴһ￴ġ
ðɣϴɹİѺƵߵĻ˻ȥ
Ѹǲˣƴ΢죺Ǳˡ
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ȫǶԺһǧлҪͺϳԷȴлˡ
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˺⻰ȫŲټ֡
Ŀȫ뿪ƴźϺͺһιС̯Ҫ档
һֱŻĺûˣ̲סԹѾͷ˵㣡ѵǳԷ㻹Ӧ
С壬ʱɱһٷĶࡣζ˵
ƶǶգգۣԼСֶŮʱ˵ĻԼסǣĵرеĵ׶ԺƵּһ㡣
ƴӺɰóʮǮǳ󷽵İ˵ʮӣСĸҺСһ
ããһӳԣҲ˲öˣӹǮɿȥˡ
ѵıӰ̲ס¶΢Ц
ʵҲʮ꣬ոճ꣬ǸëͷСأ
Ҳû취˭ú̫̫ãʮȺ˺ͺأºƵССñ˼ꡣ
ϻӵζ̲ס촽ܳݵ˵㣬
Сڿ𣿡ƱЦˣС˵˵ôˣҾͰĻ
ھ׵·ߣһŲµ˽ܶ˵ĶԻ̲סǳ˳飬ͷ˹
ӦŤͷȥӵײϡ
û뵽Լᱻ֣ӷɿջĿ⣬û֮С

51±ȡЦ

㣬㣬㿴ʲôأ
ϵúƻعգգۿܵСԼǰơ
ûʲôһץסϵС֣ȴЩ֡
ղǸ׺İԼ϶ûΪʲôԼȴôϤͺʶԼƵġ
һߣŲµӿ첽Զų³һ
û뵽ѾͷôԼһͱˡҺýݣûϳԼ
ҿ˿Ȼ·ߵ˾¥ǰ˶¥Ȼ˺ƸղȥǸᡣ
ӸƿţͿ³ӹЦӭģô̫ϧˣһϷ
ʲôϷĿһɨ빫ӻſʱһ£ôˣ
˲óԵĶ³ӴĳǽߵŬŬ졣
ӿֽü³ĸ֣ǳӣ
ɲõʵܵ˵ģ³Ψ²ҵ
ãۣһΣյζ³磬ڽ˭ã
ƫƫ³ƺȫûв쳣ֵ˵ǸǳӵСﰡ˵ˣԼδңһз֢
ȿȣ˼Сû˵ĵзֻ֢˵ʶһ³һҲз֢ˣӱЦ
빫ҲһŶһ߰ĸ״³磬ĵ֪ϷδŵӣֻҪҹ̸ˣ
һҺ³̸֮³û˵·ʱ򶼰ӴӴֱл
ιι˵ʲôأʲôʱϷˣ³Ӷʱ˹ȥס빫ӵ졣
⼸˵̸ֻ³ԾӶ
ǿеĵܾȻңҾȻǸոպ֮뿪Ĳӡ
ʱī̽ڰڣȻѾ֧˳ȥ
ݵһһȦ˸ɾĵ˵˵ô£
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ʱ򣬸װˣ˲С
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˵ǲԼͬѹˣް
³͵͵˸ɫôоˣ
΢΢ͷ
ȷʵܲˬû뵽Լôһƾܸôƹģǳˣ˵Լʲôʱ߹ţӲͬʳˣѾͷԼõĺ˳
ģ˵˵ʲôʱһСϱ³ûεִסҵļЦĺǷ⡣
Ҵ΢΢¶һаЦںģû뵽ȴˡ
Ȣ³Եʵ
Ҳ¶ı飬ȴҵĻش
ΪҵĶԣ϶ƲƲ죬ǸŮһǴüϡ
˭֪ȴ΢΢һ£˵ھб仯Ȣ԰Ҵڻ
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³ٿ͸һؾȥó˴ϣǳ
³Ҳ֪Լ˵˻˵ҿΪģֺõĲ¡û꣬ҿɲܻȥ
㻹˼˵Ҷˣǲ˭û˵
빫ҲߺŰǻ磬ֲǲ֪һԡ
˵˭ûûСģ³ȥ빫ӵĲӡ
ֵܻţ֣ҵ¶Ц⣬Ҳůůġ
ģ³񺣣С浽ĺֵܣδΪбʶӰֵ塣ڸΪ£뷽跨ʺƫԶС壬ܲж
С̯ϵĺƲ֪Լмҵλ֣¥﷢¶Ժ
ʱԱ²ڼһѺ⡣
Ѿͷô͸ǲľӡȫװˡ
صһЦôֻҪС
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ʵûгԹ⣬⣬ҲϼġֻǳԶ˾ͻᱻ̫̫ʱ򻹻ᰤϼ¡ǰƤ񣬾ֻҪԵʲôѾͷÿӣ˵ͶãӱȹԵ⻹Ҫ㣡
ɹϣúŶȥȫţԼͺ˼Ӹ˹ȥ
ղŹ伯еʱ򣬷ŻûؼңԺƱЩʳ͹ȥ
ƺͺȥźǲ졣
֪ܶ˾ǸԼӵʱ򣬿ĵ۾гһ죺Ųԣúӣǳ԰ɣ
ţҺͶ㶼Աŵ֣ԼԲСӡ
ڰӪĺϻûгԵôһô⡣ڵԼҸĲˣʮֳݺƣ䲻㡣
ԱҲȰ˵ȳ԰ɣҺСϾС廹Ǳߵǡ
ʵԼӣʮֿģЦŵ˵ͷããžͲˣúӣ㣬·Сİ
뿪ŵ̯λһֱЦݣֵС춼ϲ£
Сôôģʵ
ŬԼĸܣӣģųԣҲģ
ţͽжֲ֡ͷЦкõĶ˷Ҳһֿ֣
Ҫүү̡󲮴Ƿ𣿡ϰͷЩ⣬һ뵽ҪӷָǳԣҺͲôˡ

52½

ϵĻȻʧЦǿԼȥϲԼԼϲˡ˺֮䣬дųġЩ˴ųԣû취𣿡
סҡСԴ㣬ʲôдų
ҭĬ˵˼ЩԸ񲻺ϣͲһ·ˣԲһ𡣾ǿһˣҲȲ
ƶǶĵͷʵǶ𣿡
ƣΪʲôоֵֹģ
ȣСϣ˵Ǽˡһѻק
ϻɻ󣺡޸Ժ󣬸һ𣿡
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⻰ȥˡƿɲϣϳԺɵڶھͿʼǱĬĸıϵ˼롣
գգۣأ֪үү̲ǺϲԼԼܺðѵĻҲȫ
ʱҲδǶԵġĵĸͣȻʱҲΪǺãδΪľǶԵģΪ䣬ͷҪ㴩ްʵȺȣްͻȳһ᳤ӣʱǲǺܣ
ޣϻȻĵ˵ͷȻ˵㣬ûް
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ϵಢ࣬ĽֻƥߴԶۡҲЩкؾֻ׼Щֲ
޲󣬺ܶ඼Ǹ˼ҷĺú꣬ٶۡ
һƥɫĴ޲һƥɫ޲ɫЩĲɫС¿㣬ǳЩɫԼġ
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һţϵĵطߣһ̲סԼСܣԺ˵Ҽ˵£Ͳˡ
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Ƕ㶼ڼϵô˵溰ǳݣ۵ĿҾöˣ
ƣֿ佱һҲҪòã
صȫţƷǻûлֻԴԼţ档
Ѿ֮ǰ˳˲ϣæȥӡ
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ȫ߹ȥ̸ţıأ˵Ӽ³ûҵţ
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ȫȫҵţÿڴ֮Ҫǲţֻ취һǻǮһȥɼ۸ͱţ˲ֹʮһ취Լ·ȥ
·Դϣġ

53½ѵԴ

һתԴţĺƣɰɱĻ˺ϡ
׬ǮǲһôԼһţȥǼ
ƺĿŮ˵ôġǲʱԼֵ̫ˣԸԷԼ۸Ĵ
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ȫΪˣøԴһİˣϳԿһвСңûϹأ
ţĺƺԥ֣žԴһ⡣
һ¼ΪԴˡ
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ڸɰݣû⣬ôǱʰ԰ԴĶ֣
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ʱΧ۵İҲ˵ĶԻЩ˼۷׷ס
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ǰҪ£Ҫİ
СҼ绹ڼǳأ
һŮľĳ񶾣û˼С˵Ҫ˼ҵطСû˼ˮ
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е۶һɫͬƣָԴ
ⲻԴǱС˺˵Լ㣡
ѵûҴǳӵط𣿡Ʋһᣬʣ˵Ҳ㣬㣬и๫֮йκβ׵Ϊûе˵ΪʲôҪô˵ңղŻڿ˵ȥа̯ͷ¶׬ǮԼͶã׬ÿһǮɸɾװףôܡ
˵ţҲ˵ȥˡ
װģˣԴҪ裬־˹ȥ˺죬㻹ô˵
ȻԴĶ࣬һȺ㣬һ߰ݵʾҲ˵ˣҰɣ
̫ˣ˼Сˮ˼ұˣ
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һǴԴһ߷Ц
һЩֵȥ赲Դ·ƶ
󣬻ͬ½ЩסץõԴȰסˡ
ԴŬͬĴ˵ƵĲǣմҶ˵ӡѹûǺ۸
ƽԴǸͣûµ˵úö˼Ҷֳìܳܣأ˵ӡʵСȻںѾͷȥ̯ǳӣ֮ǰӴ˺ܶ࣬ʵıǸĲġȻԴҪطʱ򣬺ѾͷӦֱӸˣԴҲռ
Դһƣһӣһȴû˵ֻĹĵţ

54¿֮˱пɺ֮

Դ³ҵţ㣡ȫֱӰԴţŲϳ
ԴҪըˣȫҲС۸ǲǣ
ҵţ˭˭ȫһݣתͷ˳ԯ
ƽĴѾˣе˿ԴΪ˵仰ɶȫĻؾˡ
ƽֺ˵ȫһαֵ˹ִ˵˭ԸԴ;³Ļ
һûԴ˵ˡ
ţǰУͷɢǱԴԼվԭأ¶ֿ
ҲŲӸһԴֱˣŤͷЩᡣ
СϣǲǾܿ§סʵ
Сüͷĵͷҡҡͷ㣬Ҫ㡭
ȻĲǺȴ˼
ʵϣţϵĴȻûпĿ¶ͺһ뷨Դ֮ǰʲôʱεӰֻıȷʵԵúܿ˴һͬġ
СϣղôĻһ˵Ҫȥ˵˵ҵűסƶ˶٣ʵıˣҲûˣǶ㻹ȥȥϵɱˣ˵᲻Σ᲻ԺͲ˵лˣ
ĻţϵĴ¶˼ı顣
ϸھε˵㣬ҴˡСϲӦÿ
СϣͬûдҲҪʲôϡԴζ˵ʱ򣬿֮˱пɺ֮
ƲԵ޹ʸ˵ЩģҪϣΪԴǿģ֮ͬģԴԼ˺
ļУԴĴͷһ˼ҵİԡ˰µظɻŮȥӱϴ·ʱֻһ·˵仰ͱԴͼӴ׵Ĵǵ⻧˼Ҽլ˵ŮĻϵɱҺñֵļʱûɡӴ֮ǻ˼ұԴ˳Ҳû
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˳Ĭ֮ʱţǰԯϵȫˣƣʲôǶģԴشԺ˵˵һ֤ģ
ԣѾͷǸ֤ס
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صƽ壬³ȫţϵ˺ſڣźƽĶ
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ŶﲻһЦеʵ
Ķ̫һ룬ܸǴԵرãʲôˡ
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ԴرѲһ˶ʵҲʵǡͷ֪ݡ
ͷС˼ΪҵԴ𣿡
԰ܸȻԥľͰԴȥˣұô˵ɿڡͷ
ЦˣҲ˵ҪһٷĶడ
ôһ˵ǡȻĵͷȻֺȻʲôЩţѾͷԴʱС岻ǲ㣬ϾǸǣҪǶ˲ô˵ҡ
סʮĵ˵ͷʼҪҵʱС㲻Ҳһ𣿡
ԴƵʱ򣬺ӺקһѣԴΪѺԼӴǰˣںƳŰ֮ʰסĵţ
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㿴˰ٺЦұס˭֪ôһӡ
վŸأܳȥһ죬Ͻ̫̫ﴫ˳
ݣƺͺϼ˼۾
̲סһ˳ָϽ˫ƴס졣
ˣǿöԺɣȻһҪɱˣѹ˵

55

̫̫ĿԺӣȴʲôû͹
컹ӣӶûˣ
ӣ̫̫סˣСߵſڴۣ
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ѾˡСֹһ䣬˵ϣɩСĵ㡣
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ǮѾͷյģĶ֪жٰװɵ㶡
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һ֪˼Ұװ׸ɶҲûæǰæģѾͷһǮ𣿡̫̫ȥԴȴ㿪ˡ
Ͻ˵Ѿͷҳ֣
ʮ꣬զ֪Ҹɵ̫̫
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ŲŲĴ帾˳羴мɼжߣ
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Ƹ͵ģһӶҪ·
ãռƵĹˣкỨο˵
ưͷϻԺƲںˣҲúТǵģ
պԼ뿪ҲһǺϺͺϣտҲ˸ӺͶ֤Ǻʳǣ
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ϵĻƶ̶Ѿˮ֣Ƥ΢΢ѿеСѿѾ˶Ƥ
ƽƶ̶̳г۵ĺͷڵĶ˳ʣµķֱװԼЩˮְбײĴˮ˳벼ˮʪڶ档
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ѿƴɿĽͣ˵ӿԷѿѿܺóԡ
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ƣǸأЦʵ
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¯ӣ㶣ƺЩΪѡ
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Уǵھȥ׼׼ȡ¯ã˿ûлɺ˵˺̫̫ӺƴӺϺҪ˸ϿҩǮҪ˼ױӣٵϼǳ׬ӡһ׮׮һ£ƺûкƽ˵ġ
ԣںĿУ֪ʲôʱʼһӡֻҪ˵ˣһԡ
ת䣬úʮο˼˵Σ͸ʩչȭһˡ
пհҲһްɣ©©ƶǷѿҪ¶ȡĴ©磬ֻ붬ʱͶˡ
ͷԣҲһˣۼҵ꣬Ҿͻ¯ӣӡ
궬Сϻ᲻ᰤȫƸ
ﺩһЦŰ϶Сϰģ
źɾӣƲɻһЦ
վԭͷ룬ݡ
ͺϺ̸̫̫е£ֻҺ϶㡣򣬵ͻᱻүү̵ڻҡ
ⳡսעǹƥ

57ٲ

ϣһ˵¯ӵ֮󣬺̫̫Ͼͼ
ﻹôŸأʲô¯ӣ˵ˣǶԵǻ뿪Сأ
ʲôЦƾûúһģȻ»ô̸
ЦԼ˸£̣¯ӾǿСǴݶ˺üˣǿ˺üС
Ƕˣ˻ôдֱ֣̫̫׳ķ
һֵβϵĺ̫̫ܳЩͷʱŽ˵ҵֶǲǾͲøɻˣ
̫̫ȻŭǶզô󣿻ܶˣҸǣŷ͵벻ɻŶûУ
ĿУ󷿵˲Ľ󰡣Ƹп
̫̫Ʋ죺ǵȻ󲮿ǶˣΪ󷿵˸Ƕһֱ㿴ؽ㣬ɶʱһعأԳ˵ˣ
ҵһǮ͸үүӣ֪ؽôǮүүТʲôˣ̲˵Ҳѧϰѧϰյʵ
رĽεεģƽ˵ĺʵʲôʵжҲûСһԼõ¶ֵŮܺõȥƾͿαʵ̬Ϻͺ̫̫ú롣
̫̫죬ܾûߣϸһ룬ֲ֪˵ʲôЩɵ۵ϺͷӣôȻ벻ˡ˵˵ǺӶôТģ
ˣ˵ˣϺȻƽﲻ֨ȴȺ̫̫Ķࡣ֪̫̫ѾƴȥˣŮԽԽˡ
ź̫̫һͷˮӣϺ̸̾һںֻ̣³ų˵Ѿͷ첻ȥˣȰ¯á
ɶǵĻ˭ɣ̫̫ʱˡ
Ϻüͷ㳳ɶĻˣȥʰʰ޾ͳɡ
ǾллүүЦ
Ϻͷ̸˳
ƣǺˡƼĿĴɣҲòĴ˸к뿪ˡ
뿪һʵĺ̫̫̲סˣͷӣɶȻǨˣ
ҲǨ͡Ϻ̸ڿã̾ϢһĻǶڸɣ¯ôˣ
̫̫תת飺Ҳû¯ӣҪһˡ
СϺӦһתתȥ飬ѾͷڿɲǸǵģҪ޳ȥˣ㲻Ҫ
ֽ̫̫һɫѿ˵У̫Ŷ߻һծ
̫̫ԻһںϺǰֻȴֹԹ䡣
ƾ֪Ժ̫̫϶ҪǶɣֲٿ⡣Ͻ¯ӣȻ󷢶ѿ£
ڻһʱ䣬ŶӻûƱȰֵСһͬȥɽ
Ȼÿǳһں˵Ϊ֡
෢һЩʳģ׬ȡ֡
ڲӵʱŷԼҪһռ䣬ռҪ﹦ܣҪʮּ
ƶѿ̶ѿٻһܵʱ䣬ƿɵȲôá˭֪⼸ʲôʣЩֲܲϣһ˭ô죿
Ϊ֣ƱץʱȥɽѰҵʳġ
ߵɽ£ҪߣͱĹٲ˸š
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ͷڵĹٲԼ߹ʱŵЩ
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вɿһ£ϸŹٲɫүպ˼ʲô£
СѾͷô¸شҵ⣡ٲǳ
գգۣǴһպġ
ŶãʡǷˣͷȥһ˺ҡٲһ
ȷĶҪվסˣСѾͷ
С壬ȥժҰ˰ɡưϵתݸ˺ͬʱѹɿ˵С壬Ҹȫĵط
ܴʱƲµٲȥҿҪҵԼʱҲðաһл£ܱסһһ
źƶ޳ˣѾͷ㡭
С壬ȥҪǲԣҪƹ˵ţ˺һѡ

58¹ٲѯ

ĵĳܣǸ°ͳ\ӵͷٲɵۣǸеģվס
ܵĺŵĽһˤ˸
ٲùЦΨǸͷĹٲġ
ͷĹٲһߺһס˹ȥ
æͣүС嵨Сʲô£ҾС
С嵨СҿСѾͷӺܴͷĹٲ´˺ƼۣЦ
ͷһȻµŵģŹүץ˵ġû£үץҵġ
ӦͱȽϺϺˡ
ͷĹٲͷﰵ˵һʮСôܲ£ԭǿװ򶨡
ûٸץˣ˶Ҳܲͷٲ˵ţָǰĺС岻ú£ֻǴһ£֪ˣ
ȻǳԼģ
ͫ͵һ£ӷɿת
죬Լɽٴ񶼿ˡ³綼عסǣֻҲ֪¡
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Ŷ˭һȥģ
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ҿԺСһȥժ𣿡գգۣ컹ҪȥУʱҲøүǳӡ
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ƨĵͷٲЦС˼ҿɲҵҪ˵үҲλ˰

59ºֶ

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ֻҪץ˵Ųץһ
λүĻƺһλ¡
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ǣ۱ĵĿڵϵĺϽһˣӻֶŮ
£͵͵˿ǸۣɥС˵ѾͷСˣվ
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ժӣͷٲûźƵ۱㲻ͺɽ
֮£ֻøһʯͷӿҿ
ҵһʱ򣬶ӱˡ
壬ƽ㣬ҲˣӴԶͺĴк
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𣡡ӸɾĴ߽Աߵ·ˣŵͣס˽Ų
ЦŽ͵£λүǰȫģ
ɶժժӻҪүӿĿİʵ
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үҡҲժӵġæش𣬻ȵ˵лү
Ҳһۣ˻ȥ
һŨüëʵʲô֣

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үô֪ģСͽжӡ
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λүһҲףеĿ־嵹ɢ˲١
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ӣҪͣ£ס֣æվ
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Ϊ׵ˣƿʮ졣

60³񺣵ĵ

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ʶʶ϶΢ӲЦݣаⲻھ¥³ԭǵٵģ֪ҵʱ̧ܣǲǾͿԸˣ
³µĴõСѾͷʲôأ
ڱȻüʶĻش͵סԼ졣
˵ʲô³񺣾㵵ۡûɣĵܵ׼ϱҪԼĴȣҪԼ
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³ȻʮȤͷĻ˻ֻ֣˵˵αô档
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ݣԼĻȫˣúƺ޲۵³ɱڣǻ֪³ڹҲ磬ɵˡ
µ񣬺ֻӲͷƤѣ³ˣСŮûж飬ʶǳ
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Ŷ˵ģ³񺣼ڳԱﳩĲˡòץһĻᣬôô׷Ź
ͷŸոƿ³һĿɿڴ֡

61µԴ

СŮǴδ๫ġεһΰ˳ԺҪʹˣ
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Ʋ֪³Ǹ־ֻЩλ³ԼĻ֮ƺЩŤ
˶룬³񺣾ûǸϽѾͷ߱ȽϺãĻ˻֣ѾȥҺҺʵˣȷʵûȥ¡ˣ߰ɣ
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ţԺĺ̫̫鲽˳ʲôţǮţȥϣ
ɲźǶأԴƲƲ죬ֻ˵ߺߣûţŮиˣţأ

62ּ

Ѿͷ˵ǮĶǮţ̫̫һӦԼƭˣƿڴǮȻҸѣץ߲źأһӶˣ
ôôƣӵǮĻˣʮʹ
ˣǽôţ̫̫˵ȻӦ͵һĴȣ˵ôĥųҪǮԭҪѾͷǮб£ȻҴѾͷҴ
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Ǻúӣʧ˵
øƨԳóʲô̶̫̫ζԺıġ
ããһ̵ֱȻˣЦŵͷȻȻ￴ңǾǶֳȥҲʡۣ
Χ۵ĴһƬȻ
ĸڣּҡ
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ָ̫̫Լȴ·𱻲β͵èһըëôԴҶŮʲô£ΪҲ֪Ǵʲô⣡뿴ҺҵЦΣޣ
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ʱһԵԴˡȻڼֵüɹƱץӦøӺ䶯ŶԣڣȫûдﵽԤڵЧ
ֲû˵ɱ֣ԭҲʲôöԴɤţ˵ѻֳ˻ҿӦóһֳȥȻҪǸѾͷ۵Ĵͷ
ôһ˵̫̫ЩҡˡԭǲðѳԿ͵ĶֳȥģΪһˣǾͷˡ
û⣬̲סٴθԴȷϣԴҵģǼѾͷ汻ٸץˣ
ǻм٣֮ǰûүǺƺƵȥ𣿾ΪҸǼѾͷһɽű۵ġԴĵظ
ʱϱ̲סԣԴϹЩүûаץߣ
ɱ˵ǺǼѾͷүȻץˣԴ˸ۡ
ЩԴ˵ǡ
һɽժӣǰѾͷڻӰֻıٸץˡ
ңԺûӹˣ
̫̫ʱѾȫźƱץˣﳩͬʱ̲סĺº˻ᱻۡ
־֮£̫̫һ˵Ͽʼ޺ɥǣӦҲʡİôǺʲôȻôѾͷ
ԭڵϵĺ͵վ嵽ԴǰһץסӰʯͷԴҵģ˵˵ۿƱٱץ𣿡
㡢ʲôſңԴһ̲סɤӺſңŮɱˣҲҪɱ𣿡
ԽµԽ
ڱյԴֱۣɱ
ԱߵĴϽȰ裺ȰſҪˣ
ҥ۾Ｗ֡
ʱȺкȻһӵ壬ҿүƽˡ
仰ĺԴ죬תͷ˵Ǹˣµķ·Ҫһ㣺ӣ˵ʲô˵һ飡

63ºϺľ

ԼǺ̫ˣ̲סӣȴǰ֮ǰ˵Ļظһ顣
ۿƱٸ˴ˣ
˶֤ԴһӲ򿪺ץԼڵ֣ô˵ǼѾͷץ㻹ţ˰ɣǼѾͷÿǿͷĴû׼ǸʲôС壡ǺǣȫҪץȥͷ
Ҫͷڵϵĺ̫̫ŵһ£޺˲ˣԵĺ죡
ʵúȥţϺҲһ֪
泳µĶֻӣԳȥúȥ̽ΪһˣȺϺӣ֧ʹȥ
վǽԺǽĶԴ˵ʱ򣬾Ѿʧܻݱȥˡ
״εĸϺöòסе̸ˡ
͵վʵʲôѾͷɱˣ
ۿñүˡˣɱҪͷİүү᲻˵尡ô찡Ϲ飬
򶨣еĲ豭£˵£µĲʲôʮĴǲģ
ϺԴӵĻǺŷģԲ˿Ķ˶ȼ̳һڣһأѾͷ£ԺǺҵĹŮҲܵǣ
ѾͷѾˣ˵͸Ǻûϵ˰һԼᶼۿתæ
ϾֻǶףûӭȢŮһۣ˵أȻݰɣģ޲ȥģ
ذŤ黨վԭزߣǡ
ݣ²òģó˳ϣʹ˸ɫܵܶű£үүأ
˵İʾصĽ
ǰֲֹһ޵ĹŮСúҲû޳ȥأүү̾ԲῴСü޲ȥģ
ţָֻ˳̬Ϻͺ˸תС뿪ˡ
ʣºϺͺˣձó
˳ĬƺڵŶԷȱ̬
գͲסĿˣ㿴զۿžҪף£ֻ˼һڻ鰡
ǵ£ү֪
δȢ˹֮£ȥҵ˶Ҫˡ
ҪǣǸǶʮ˻ûȢϱһΪΪֺУҵĸ˼ҿϰŮ޸أ
ǺǵûͷˣҲüޡ
Ϊ˺Ϻк˽ȥѯһ˭֪˼ʨӴ󿪿ڣ˵ԼûǮȢϱҪҳʮӵ޲ס
Ϊ£Ϻ޶û˯þϻϵˡԼŮܲⱲӲˡ֮£ϺֻͬǵҪԷס˭֪ǻûֳ£
ǵùˣ
ϺԤУ汻۵Ļǿ϶ҪۣһҪʲô۶ӣ
һ뵽Ϻ̲ס̾ü
øϽø⣡϶ַּأߴţ۾򡣿ȴںһƬʲôҲֻź̫̫ĽͿ޺
Ϻüͷ϶Ǳ𣿾ȻҪּңͻȻôһеúϺֲ
ҲѾͷ̾Ϣһ˵ѾͷǿͷĴ£ɲģܺͿ
ǸľԴһҲϣϺЩɸֵĻһ̸ˣüͷȥ϶н
̽ʵǵ㣿
д飬϶ѺѾͷңϾϵϺ˵룬ֲд飬һݵϺҵ峤ȥ
˵Ҫ壬Ҫҵ峤ʹɺƵ׻Ѻ峤֤ͬЧ
ƽֻкϺһ֧峤ס̫صһ壬밲ƽһٶءϺĽ峤ʱ䵢̫ãʲôʣԾ¼Ȩúﰴӡ֤ǩ֣ٸ峤͹ȥ
ھд飡ĵʮͬϺľȥñīֽ⡣
ĺϺһʱѶֳȥĻɾû˸ˣǺҲ̫ùںϺֻѺͷ壬͵˵ԺܱúѾͷˮ֮ǰһǴ󷿵˿ʵһһõٰ֮

64º

ﱻлݵʱЩ£˴һֻجج״̬
ôСɱˣŹٸԼĹŮץˡ
ԴĻʱһӦǲţԴĵıûɵĵ׷š
ţѹĵ׵һݣ嶯֮˵ԼŵĻּң
һ˵ڣȴȻоĪɺͽѡ
ţԼĵ׵Ҳκܾ˰ɣ
϶水ӡϺʾùȥ
ֽãȻɶ
ǸѾͷϾϵ飡Ϻ˵ֳ˿̡
ɶϾϵŵĵͷֽϺɺϺУЩ塣
վԱߵĺ̾˿һʹĵĽ͵ܣҲû취ܲѾͷɱҰɣɶûأ㲻Ϊ룬ҲҪΪɣһĽ㣬ԺôȢϱ
ǶԼϣӡҽϴȥǩ֣Ȼٸ峤͹ȥϺһ
һжоûӼˣԺ˵ôǺң뵽Ϻ̸߬ˣͿѾͷǸֵģȻ
ǰΪ޵ȥˣһҲͰˣ˭Ȼͱ͵
ŵʹһһƵĲǣﻰ⾡ǶǶĲ̲סۿһ仰ͺһ㣬۵ͷ
ĬΣɳɤӿ˿ڣ磬ǲҪ˵ˡ
϶֪Ҳöϰ̾Ϣһְӡ˹ȥ
ǰͨͨѪӡ࣬ҲڵѪۿ̧ͷߴӺɨڿصĺϺϡ
һǱԩģɱңôɱأЩ֪Լ˵ЩϺͺǸ˵Ҫ˵ꡣ
֣Ѿ̫̫ˡ½˵ԺҲûл˵ˡ
۾һ˵֪˱ȽϱǶˣöܸ࣬⡣Һһܳͳܶɵ˾ٸһ㡣ϱҲÿ̰ڣ͵ȻǣӦİɣǶʲôʱ͵ˣ
϶˵Щʲô˼Ϻɫڸұ𣿡
Ա׷ʵ϶ѵ˶ˣҲæ𣿡
磬Ҳ˼ֻ˵ǶңûйҲп͡ôǲһͬʣҲҪҵĺӵ˿ɣ˵ЩǺҴŮ޵ʲô˼ңǴҶ֪ʱС˵˵ģ˼ҸƸǮһǮױûи֪޹ȥкӹɻżҺˣԸΥ˼ҶŮƣ˵¡֮ǰƵˮһʱȥ֣Ҫӡ
˵̲סЦźϺƼȥңΪƵԺ룬ȥһʲôǶ֪ԺƼ޹ȥˣһкӹ֪ԣֲҲĻ
ҵŮѾôˣǶԲסңʣÿֶ·ѪʹЩҹʲôӣÿȫľ˯ͬʮ꣬ȴȴɩôࡣԹһǴǸˣҲĶӣһǹҵɷӵĵǣ㿴ģԵңԵӣ
úϺĬˡ
ʵϣϺֺγ֪ĳԿͣĻͰѶһҶֳȥֺοźƶϾϵ
Ϻתת飬εĿ˵ܣ֪ЩܿˡӲãǸ첻ߵģĻָˣպСҲɵͣѾͷˣССһɣ͵˽ȥ!СϵÑ㿴ô?
һӾץסؼ⣬úϵδȰ˵
ٶŮжӵǰ;Ҫ
οͺһӡ
϶᲻ġ

65ҵ

ϵļⲻͣеץϵ顭
۵̲ס¶֮ɫ
գ϶һѾͷѡϵǰ;
еһУԤ֮У
һ룬ĶȴǵЦ⳹ס
϶ʲôͺ
ȥȴȻһֻԼдõںлΪƬ
˺˵ӵϣͨһϺķȥҲ壬ϾϵʹºǶǣǾͰǶֳȥɣ
ТӣϺû뵽ӻôӲĻֽе̸˳ͷ˹ȥ
΢Ļͭɫ̸ڿлһߣȻžĴ˺ͷϡ
ﲻܣҵͷ˻ΣͷѸٺ
ˣ֪Ϻ϶ˣԼѾû·ˣҧϺͷּҰɣˣ
ĸڣּң϶ǲТһָȻѵڵϵ̸˼˲ͻصϺ
ﲻȻִĳϺͣͷ
Ǹʵˣͷʵʵڵ졣
أļ¿ȥĶͷܿѪ
϶ڸڱƵ𣿡һţһȥק
ﲻ޸֮ĶקĶ
ֵܾôһһĽţ˭Ҳ˲
ڣϺһϴ֣ţ
,⡭ЩԥСѵأϽֵֻøˡ
ϾңϺָźŭ
ʱԺȻһ춯ֻ˺ˣˣ
ңϺĿһ£ʶĺͺһۡ
ʱֻѾͷ׵ģ
Ҳʧ̧ͷȴΪѪͷ͵һ£Եڵء
϶Ϻһе
ҲΡΡʳָںı棬Ϣʱ˿Ӧŭιȥˡ
Ȱ϶Ϻ˵Ҳ˿׼֡
̧Ѿ߽ݡ
󣬻ź̫̫Ϻͺϡ
ͷѪ˫Ŀգ²֪ģ̲סһ˹ȥҵģôˣѰңҵġ
Ҳź
ʲôûǾͿɥһߵĺ̫̫
վߣĺ͵ȽңЦˣ
ɬı飬̲סһ񺮵Ա롣
һ֮󣬺Ϻͺ̧ǽߵĵϣƽš
Ϻ׼̧ϵģɺ̫̫ɣ˵ѿŪࡣ
ϱѪǣ۵Ķ
磬ܲܰæѱ̧ȥ
̫̫ȥ͸һ⣺ɥǣ֪ޣѾͷҪһ˺֪
ϱһģʱԸ˳ҷֻܵͷСĿ
˽ϵĻˮĴ۾ӳĵط
ķ꣬ղ̧۳һŵĺ
ӻͳһӲ˲Ȼң秵˵ңǡ£дܣĪҪ֣
޷ǳ˳飬һ۱źϿϺͻԲѵĺǸҪһȰѱͻȥɣ
ǿˣôͷ㣡Цɣ
ãô˵ҲϵδЦЦĿһۣ󲽿絽ǽߣһͽﱧ
ﳣ弫Ϊ׳ʵ˵Ҳһʮ
ȴʮɣ·оʲôһ㡣
§źϣæҵлллˣ㡭
ÿҿ˵ͦأȽϺá˵꣬ҲȺ˵ֱӵ˺ϵСϣȥй
ţӦһһ̵˳ȥ
̫̫ȴûס޺޵ĵСӴܵĵǿ죡
үү󲮣šҿͷˣֻԲѣǲʱֻ»º󻼣˱Ƚסҿ̫̫Ϻͺ͵
Ϻæڰֲ֣֣ȻҲҪϴȥġ
ͱˡҳϺףתź뿪
һߣϺͺʱ˿
֪Ϊʲôղһݣ;úһϣ·ؿڱѹһʯͷϲ
ƽմǴСӵ˷֢»ĵսһȻˡ
Цݡͺ˵ҲúϺͺоһɷӭҵ

66

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ﱻСķ˿ϣæȥЬñϡ
ӣõģ϶ûµģҿһֱĬĬᣬ԰ο
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һߣҸոշݣ̫̫Ȳ˵Ҹ㣬׿ԣǿɲˣ
ţҲ׵ġҴ΢΢ЦżаҲҪͷˣҺαضһ٣Щˣұһ㣡
̫̫䱸Ķʲôʲô˼
ȣ᲻ˣǲ϶Ҫ˻ҡϾʮҲСĿ԰ɣұűۣɨһܣ˵ı龡۵ס
üͷ͵͵˺ϺһۣȻͷư͡
̫̫һҪӣˣǲУֲҪףˣ˭
ƸģûȢףȻҪЦһϺֻ֪ͨһҼҳŵʱ򣬿δô˵
Ϻͷ̣üͷ
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ϺҴȥ֣ҪΪұз֢ڴҲϱȥ˵£ڸ˸ӡңǱصĴ󻧣Ҫ棬ԲҲٸ
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ϺҲֻĵԹޣֱ̫̫̲ס
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һõʮӣϿҪȥһЩ˵¯ӵǮҲۡӱҪȥ̫̫˺üǮҪʲô
ֻϧ̫̫ٳɤӺҲ򶯲Ұ֡
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ͣһ£Ŀɨɫøѿһˣ͵һӣǮصøҽˣ
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԰ǶǷģҲǷġӣɱ𱻶ĸƭˣæǻڿǿݵʱ̲סٴߺ
ӡƺһ񺮡ֲʲô˼ҵС㣬һѧǸεμʵ̬ʵŻ
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˵ţҴӻͳһֽһġ
ʮӵǷ̫̫۾ֱˣĲûιȥ
æϵֽϸ
ϴֽдɶϺҲû취ֳˣżĴߴ١
ͷ˵亹Ѿͷʮ˷ѿط
˷ѿطǮԺƽֵġǳӷֵǮûңôһεԣҾͰطʮˣҺϾĵ˵½󣬡ɣӵһٶʮǮҾͲҪˡǰǷϵʮӺͲʮӻҾУһʮ
˵꣬ź̫̫ķ
ûУûǮ̫̫Ķ̼ļеûаطǣƾʲôǸǮ
ѵƲǺҵģһߴǹȴ˲׺ٸ˵İϷǰ÷֢ˣҿɲ֤ʲô

67Ψһ

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Եаı飬̲ס˵ǺǶŮӣҪҪǮҲӦøȥҪ
ʵ˵⻰ûʲô˼ֻ˵仰öԷעԼϡ
ǣһ䳯Ҫȴúһ
ң֪ѾּҳȥˡЩӣӦȥҪǿһϵûаǷңһĨЦ
ü󲮣ǺҺʱֵļңô֪
ղ϶ſ¹׿˵ģǿɶˣڳǰɣһ˵һ̫̫߳ͺʹɫ
ֻ˶ҿѹûС
ؼʱ̣̫̫ǷӦѵõһأԣ϶ŴҪּңѾͷǷǮȥ
ЦһǺεıģţּǱ˵־ֵܷ𣿸ĸڣּңһǶģǾͱˣϽӣ
¿û㣡ʵղ㱣֮εΪּҡ˵ţ̾˿ŰѾͷ塭
壿ߺߣΪ壬ǷҵǮͿԲˣҲ˵ЦϣǺҸˣ⻬ͷͱҲˡ
ң嶯˵ꡣæڰ֣˵㱣岻ͬѾͷϾϵ֮£ֻܰѶֳȥˡеծ񣬸ǶûйϵԩͷծҲǸˣ֪˭Ҫˡ
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϶εЦݣ㱣岻ιȥ𣿾ûüдأ
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˵ϺǼȲԸּҵġһһ֮ڣּԺΪǺҵҪÿŶһµأԼϹͷܸɵ˶ٻȫǺڸɻڼڼңҲ֪ǸææһѺ֣Ǹϱһ˵ɼ޹Ժ󷹶ûΣĻˡ
ҪѶֳȥֻԺҵӻأ
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ҪɶǮҸ㣬ŶûУǮˣ̫̫һ˵һ˿嵲ס˷ڿҵĿ
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̫̫Ѿٱһ߿޺һָŶķĶҪǱи̣ҲŹЩĸεģͷӣ㻹ҪӻڶЩɥϣҪһӶǺŸ𣿡
ˣôأϺķҵĳ˿̣ĵıǺÿ
̫̫ĵ˹ȥץĸ첲ͷӣѶֳȥɣǣһҪǶ
ַַ֣ϺͿ𣿡Ϻȵͨ죬һ˦첲Ѻ̫̫˦Ѷֳȥ˭µظɻ˭ϴ·һӶŶ𣿡
̫̫գС۾ϴÿ²ҲйǮ𣿡
ϴǵ㹤ǮСÑϺͿ㣡Ϻ޲ðѺ̫̫ѣٸԼҡ
һߣȫûаѺϣҲ֮
һ˫۾ȫճϣƴڡ
ӣҸ㵹ˮȥɣ
ӣҿ㻹ǸѾͷװɣô£㣡

ֻ˵һѻȴûлҵһӦΪҵעȫ˺Ϻͺ̫̫ĶԻϡ
Ϻʺ̫̫Ļ΢΢üë
ϺǺΨһˣֻϧȴ̫Ϻȵˡ
ȻʮѹϺеһݣǾͲټһЩ룡
뵽Ҵ΢΢վ
û뵽һжһӰǰ
ӣȥ˫־½ǣߴʵ
һ˿񣬲ɫ̫ǺȥԺ͸͸
һȥԸ¡
ŶüǴЦʵСã磬һԲѣһ֪һ㶼ģܸ˰ѵҵĹﶼѪ𣿡

68ҩ

һѪĴñӿȥѺϺͺ̫̫עҲ˹
ճҵģϺֻϻġ
ȥϺǳ
ϣٴһ
ݣϺݺݵĵ
Ȼƽź̫̫ĳ谮ʮԣĺϺǲΥġ
뿪Ҳûͣ˳ȥ
ֻʣºϺͺ̫̫ˣ̫̫һû˸ղͷԵڿҡ
Ҳ㳳Լú룬ѶֳȥҪôϺһѹƢ˵
̫̫ͷţҾͲ϶Ҳң˼ңҽæҲûɻ
ּˣٽоԲ˳ˣ˵ˣæżοԣ۸ɻϺεҡҡͷ˵ЩҲȷʵ˶˵ǰ϶ȥ򲼣զͲ֪Ҳһ·
ǸѵģҪˣ𣿡̫̫粵
ϺǸģûѾͷһˮ˲ƽҲƫ̫˰ɣ
Ѿͷİ˵Ѿͷ߻ãѾͷɶ̫̫˵
Ϻ̲סҡͷøûͨǻ˸⣺϶ҷֳȥˣԺ˭˭ϴ·
ϴҵĸɣ͵ô꣬Ҳøɵˣ
㻹֪ϴҵ͵Ϻ治֪˵̫̫ʲôá˰ɼףѡϱϴӼ޽ûôɹ䲻ɣԸŹأʱ򣬼Ҫַˣ
̫̫ƲƲ죺ֲϹ
ӣϸˣֳܷȥϺ˼̣˵ҴۡȻҲզܼǮжﻹġòʮ
ʮóȥȫ˺ȥ̫̫Ը
ǮģǻģϺ̸һã˵㣬һʳֵǮû϶˸ɻҪǮ㻹ɶģ˶㲻𣿡
̫̫˵Ĳ֨ˣͷѲڿǮϻ˳ʹ
ܵöеɣĵʵһ̣ȻеϣѾͷûˡѾͷû£ҲóʮӣȵѾͷ죬ٵʮӡ
Ϻ϶ʵڣЩһǮҲû˽ع϶ϱļױҲûʣɶ㻹ǳеʲô
֪û˽أֹ̫̫
ϺָɣĶˣ
̫̫˵ʲô۽ȴźˡ
ģϵĶȥˣˣֽ̫̫˿־ʹԴ
ͷ㣺򣡱ҾԴԺͻ˯
ؼ˲˵һΪѾͷһץأ̫̫Ȼͣһ£Ѿͷһɽˣǲǿץˣٸ˶˵ɶ˵Ѿͷɱ𣿡
ɶҲûŵҡͷ˵ҪѾͷȥʻȻˡ
Ȼ⻰ûп϶ǲɱˣٸһûˡ
̫̫ﳹûϣȻأĺ໽л
ûץߣҸɶһ߶㣬һ߽е
̫̫ݺݵҽǸɥһҽƭǮҽǮǮţҡҴ㣡
ӴˣҰǮ㣡һ߸ģһߴӻͳǮ߬߸߾
ְ̫̫첲קֽǮߣɫźÿЩ´ƭңҲ㣡
ĶҰһ˯ȥ˰ЦתҪߣȴֲ֪ʱкվſڡ
Ϻ۾վǣʶĿʵɩôˣ
ϻ˵һ룬ؿ
̫̫޵ģݺݵĵʲôޣ
զ㶣æ׷ʡ
Ͽ޵һ춼˵ӣﻹ˵ó
󣬻һԵпڵԭίͷŭģֻ¡̫ΰ
ɣ϶ǿ˼ͷ𣿡Щŵʵ
̾˿ԭƤѪûʲôϵ̫ϳԵֲã챻ͿˡҪó԰ҩˣҸոʩ룬ҩǰѺҩǮҽһ¡һġ
ģôȥ̫̫
жʱڰƽҽô꣬ѺҩǮװסʸҽˣԺǺٿɣ
ᣡ϶ˣе̫ˡæתҪߵסЦ͵
ϺҲǳ˺̫̫һ䣺ϽǮʲô֣
ƽôһ򣬵Ժ˲ȥĶУ
˵ȻÿγﶼҪѣҽǰأܱЩ׵ĳŴҪİĶɣ
̫̫Ҳ֪еﲻãҲԸҲֻǮ
һ߰Ǯݹȥ̫̫һ̲סʵҩôǮǲǳҩ϶ͺˣ
ҸղŲ˵𣿡гõظҪãҪ԰ҩ칻ʲôģֻܱ֤ҩԺҪǶҩʲôҾͲұ֤ˣ
ʲôľ͹죿ó԰ꣿ̫̫͵صɴۣһȥղŸеǮĻңʲôҩǲˣ

69һ

һ㣬ǮսǮ˵ҩѾˣ˲ɣ
ֻһʣµǲҪˣˣ̫̫Ǯоһۡ
ղеĻװס϶Ҫκãó԰ҩҩǮ͵ö٣ֱǸ޵׶οǷҶʮӵ¸š
Цһҩץˣ˲ˣǣ
˵꣬ͷҲص뿪ˡ
̫̫׷ȴס
ͨһڵϣס̫̫ȿſ㣬Ⱦȱɣˣ
ҵȣĶôǮ̫̫ŭһŰ߿ִţ֪֪ǸɥǻǷҵǮծĶҪˣʮӣȥĶôǮڻҳҩǮޣˣ
һڻɫŨ̵µϵϥǰ棬ͬʱҲ˹ȵס
ǣȾȱɣǡϾĿţ˲ͣİ󣬲ͣĿͷûбİ취
ϿĵڶͷʱͿȥˣ̲סȥס
ͬʱҲȰãҪ壡ҪҲˣ϶ͺզ죿
ò˵仰˵˵ϣ൱һסϵҪԼ塣
ϲͷˣ˳ƽȰɩ𼱣ܻа취ġ
ʲô취ҵʲôΪʲôү·ϼ˵Ů£Ķ֪޲Ҳһˡ
в̣˵ɩǲǸ簾ҩأȥҩ𰾸ˣ
ϻٿϺͺ̫̫ȴסߡ
ԣã㻹ȥ϶ҩɣ˵ֶ꣬ܣ㿴ŵɩɶ¡
Ӧ
һ°ü
Ϻһĳ̣·޲ݶơ
̫̫ǮϻӲ֣һҪǮҪļơ
󣬻Ǻ̲סˣ϶զ찡
Ϻ̾˿û˵̸˳̡
̫̫һƲ죺ɶզģΪһȫ˶𣿡
һ仰˵ڳ˵
ղΪ˵ûĺϺ˳Ĭ
˵˼ɤ۵ķȥ
֮ǰﻹжӵʱͿѶֳȥӡ
ĵְȫҼҵϣҺãûϺͿ
ȥ̽ʵ
Ϻ̾˿ĬΣڵͷ
ҹɫ΢һɳƵĳʪ֮
վԺ￴ԽԽ٣гͷҲصˣźݳԼͷȻŲҴҵ뿪
̧ͷסǵҹգǹһÿĻȡ
һڻѹ˺Ϻһ߰
Ҫˡ
ѹѹڲײջһ׹⣬¡¡졣
ô벻
ôð걻ˣȻϲ˵ɫȴͬδϴЬһ
ΪǺҵļ£ұܾ˺Ҫ󣬸˸к󣬾վ±ꡣ
ƽܣţȫЩմ״ʡ
¥£ȫĵҲ˺顣
Ƶ£Ϊģʲô£԰һѡ
ŻðŴҵּҵļ֤ˡ
ǣ֪ҵѶֳȥҶĺﻹԲʱŭˣϸ磬ô
Ҳû취Ϻ̾˿ƣ
üͷȰЩզ˿ɶѾͷճ£Բѣڹ۶ϣѶϳȥҪǵģ
Ϻ˵Ҳζһһڵĳẓ́Ĭ
̫̫ºϺ˵ǲ֪϶õɶ˵Ҫ԰ҩһµʮӣĶôǮ
ʮӣôࣿһ㶡
ɲ̫̫˵⣬֪Ժܲأ˵ҼûޣҲûȢϱۿϴҵСҪͯĶĶǮҲΪ˶һӶɣ
ҶиҵѴ
̫̫ĻҲ˵ʲô
ֻεĳ̾һһּңֻ¾ˡˣҪȾˣżңϸ磬ҾͲ˵ˣҪپ

70·ּ

еżңǰƽһĸھͷ˼ҵ
ǼҵҲͬϺӷּҵԭҪΪϱûӲ
ϺȢС檣ȴһڻؾ
Ϻһŭ֮±˼ңѼҲȫ˴ӣ൱ڽӾ˳ȥ
϶ҲƢϱŮֱ뿪˰ƽ壬ľȥҲɫ
ϺߣԴ̫̫ӾͲ̫ùˡ
ϱТ˳ƵˣϺɫˤˤ԰׷
ǰϺˤȣǱڿû˹ˡ
ϺȥҶӣּҵʱǩ飬ԺϺϣӷĲ
ЩԺ󣬴˶Ϻ̸ʣЦԼ˱Ӧ
ڣżҵ£ϣϺԺڡ
ϺüͷĸˣĹԳĵľᡣ
ǼզܸżһǺҿûӾǿ檵Ĺأ̫̫廰˵Ȼ˺Ϻһѣͷӣ㵹˵
Ϻ̧ͷֿ̫̫˿Լĺп˴ߴ֮⡣
ˣ־ͷְɣ
̾һϺ̧̧첲ϴȥ϶ҵģй
ֳһ˿ϲɫͷӦһҴ߳ݡ
ĶɢˣαǿŴһˣǲˣϺ˵֪˵ͺ̫̫˵Լ
Ҳ̾Ϣһû˵
һԵĺ̫̫ӹµµתţ·ûϺĻֻ˴ԼǵС̡
ʱڼҵ˱㶼ۼˣĺϺͺҲû¡
ϺĿеɨɤ˵죬иҪҲպøǺ֤
ᵽԼɫصĳҵ˵ͷ
£ȣǴһҲ֪ˡϺͣ룬˵Ѿͷûˣ϶ҲԲѡ϶֮ǰ¹ңҪּң֪Щ겻ףǺҲȥԣҾͬ϶󣬰Ѷֳȥ
㲻ֳȥǿô۾ֱˣ޺˹ȥ˺Ϻ£㣬ȾȱȾȱɣ
϶ҵģҲеĻˣҩǮ͹ģ԰꣬öǮ̫̫ѵõûгִȰһ䣬ģּҰɣ
·ɣصĿš
ϼ޵ģҲܹȥϵĸ첲ᡣ
˿޵ĳƲҵϺҲζ̸ڿϿ˿ģ˵ֵһ˻ҪԷҪȥҲû취϶ҵģɽĶغ͵رϵķӶǡȱӺˣܼˡʳǷʮʮף⣬ٸӡ
ʲôҪǷӣ̫̫һµôʳˣӸɶ
ҲŰǻСֹͶɩСˣܳԶ٣
˼ȻѾѺﵱɻˡ
СŮ⻰Ϻĸֲۣõ˵ʲô
Ҫӣ͸ǶٽʮףôҲҪ϶ҵʳԵɣϺó˵ҵϣݺݵ˺̫̫һۡ
̫̫ﰵһ£ǮһٽһǧģʮǮһʮǰ˰ġ
ǸӺʡ
һŷֳȥʳӣ̫̫һ߱˵ӾˣԺÿҲҪТǮɲܷ˼ҾͲլˡ
Ϻ÷һ̧ϣ϶ҵģҪͬ⣬ϴд飬һﰴӡСҲӡ
ϰݵĽһȴѾûлתˡ
Ϻֻ֪ͨһǸġ
ɩеӣͦ𣿡ϹŲ𣬾ܹ
źɵӣҡҡͷɽĶǻĵأ㿪Ҳʣֻ²кճɡ
ŤͷʺϺɩĶĵظɶ
Ϻʵûţװûĳ麵̡
϶Ǹ಻ģһ첲գ
̫̫¿־ס˺ĶһϹɶֵذɶҲǰ״
ۣҲˣҲ˻аְ໽лæġ
֪̫̫ǨŭиӱңΪǶ˵仰˶ݲá
ãּͬҡ
⼸ִϿ˵·ľȫ

71Ϸ

ûкĹǣһòĸ˼ȻϤϺͺ̫̫ġ
ҺãϺ̫֣һԿţԷָĶǷֺĽ
ϣϰӡǿ̣㳹Ƕʽֳ˺լ
ƽӲɻѵûͺһæǰæİϰѴͲװᵽ
µʱһЦңҲˣѾּҳȥˡͶ֮ծլûʲôϸˡ
ˣü
ô˵ɾͲˡǶǽˣ԰ɣԭǷӵľǶˣûǻҪּҳȥ˻ծ
˵꣬еİӡ
ҶıӰζĹЦЦҲȥ
ûţұ˺ϵ˵
ãʳˡ
šлл硣ϵЩ˻ơ
ЦȻѹðмҵøѣѾͷ֮ǰǷʮӣ˼Ҫˡ
ϴͷĨᣬû˵
϶һֱûѹ𣿡ߵߣĶͷ
ƽ׳ʵĶܣ²֪Ҳʮָпôúһˣ˵¾͵أ
ϻҡҡͷٶȳɴ
ϰͷϻСèĿ
վԭЩΣ˰ðһ䰲οĻҲ̫ˣû׼϶ͺˡ
Щ̧һۣ͵Ӧһ
ܺôǶֳأ
Ǹ֣ԼĿ˵˳ãСҲˡݹּģҾŵʱСסⷿӡ㿴
ǴٳٲߵԭɣȻ˳ҲɵһıʣῴĿģ
磬ôǰѿɽǼһٰᡭۣ˵
û£ҾʡЦĴۣˣͣúտ϶ɣ
ûжԭ̧ۿ뿪
С̧ͷϣСϻдۡ
Сϣԣû¡ϼһЦݣȴЩ
ֱסС˵ˡ
ơϲЩ㶣֮ǰȥ֮͵͵˵Ļ
ʱаҩ˼ɺȴû£Ҳûôأ˵һּҵĻͼװһȻӦ
ԼԴһţҪȴ˵ⶼƵ˼Ժ˼ңĺӲ
ĵԼи²⣬ϸ룬Ҳȥ롣
Ϻ˵ּҵһ̣ı˺;Ǽٵģľûл·ˡ
ޣ󣬺Ϻͺ̫̫ȴ޶ԡ
Ǻȥʹɫֻ벻֮ǰĻ
ֱڣҲû⵽ôһ¡
ҷˣʮʮ׾ͷǽǣԼĶﴧŶӣϻǾôһƬհס
֪ô죿ӵͷ
߽Ϳ۷ֱϺĺµĺϡ
ϹЦЦȻһ
ңϻعʶĽһӦʲôŰѶĶ˳ҪӵİɣǼʵûʮô࣬ǸղŷּҷֵĶȸ㡭
㵽ɽˮʱҲȫûҪ˲뷨ʵİѼеĶӵݸҡ
ҿϲҰ׵еӣ̲ס̾ϢͬһµˣΪβôأ
ˡģһתƵġҰӷ˵࣬˵
ͫ͵һƣ֪Ķ
꣡æ˸ƣȻ˵ͷ˵ﲻ˵ĵط
˵ţŤͷɨһۣȻ˸˵Ŀ͡
ûĻŵڿȻ˵ʲô
ϳķһۣҧ촽һӵʶ˻ȥ
ҽһǸӣ㻹ԼҵĳˣҿգգۣɿеȴȻһ䣬ǳ
죬֪˵ʲôףԼ˵
ʱһֱĬĺϺȻˣȥȭߵµˣ㻹Ҷ㣡Ҷ㣡
ץǹٲʲô£һסϣŭȵܺӣҲˣ

72¶ǽ

ϱ˰űһ䣺Сϣ񣡡
Ҵ磡ǻˣš
ߣҲؽҴ磬ҿûǸ磡
ͣһ£һתһǷҶʮӣȨϢʣµһڻңȻߺߣ
ʮϾһʮ𣿡
᲻ףȻˣǿһ飬ʮӣһʱ䣡ˣ
˵תҪߣȴֺϻȲš
ʱϵСﻹа⣬ֻǽĿ˫ˮ۾ѯʶʲôʱܻ
Сһ
ҵͷźۼĳЦЦһûСװͰ͵ĺСӣ֣
Ϻףϵľȴʮᡣ
ϵ֣ﳤȥ
ţȻڴǰһӰ
Цһ󲮣ôˣ£
ûû¡ץĺЩεվֱ塣
ҳ򴰻ֳһЦˣ˹Ȼһ㣡ԭϲϱǽǰ
˵գϵֽסҡڵ뿪˺ҡ
˵ˡʲôϱǽǣ⻰ȥ
ţߵĴȻ˴ƿϵǰ
ô˴վŸʲôľȻĵźʵ
ЦŽͣҡⲻ£۸û¾ͺãû¾ͺãҡҲȥˡ
ͷһκڶǰôǱ
͵ץö˺ô棬Ժɫʮѿ
ϻŶأ첻̲֨סʵɶˣ
㣡úõȥʲôǽǣѻϡҪԵϱԼȥ͵ôᱻҺ϶ϱ֣
ϲˣԼҲ𣿿˵˵Ҹ϶ϱ˵ɶˣ
˵ɶյֵĶӶ˼ˣݺݵһۣɹģ㶼Ϲĥɶ϶Բˣ٣
ҾǾҲ̫ˡ˵ѾͷǸձٸץߣ϶ּȻιȥˣҾˡҲ̫ˣܾеֹ֡š
ϴûһ仰©ҹ꣡⵹ù¶һѶ£ʲôϡģˣϽ˯ˣ
ߴ˵ƣûҲ˯ˣֻжĴһֱ͸΢Ĺ
ڶ죬΢ʱ򣬺Ƥ˶۾
оԼû˯ôô嶼ůģر
΢һ£㿴ſһߵϡ
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ͷŵ͵ĵѾˣֻһغںڵоӡ
ôˣ
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šͷôôۣһʱ֮û¡
ʻϵЩĬĬ˿ϡ
ŹֵķӦúǲ⣬ĵʵңզˣ
ϼΪѵõĻһ֡
һ˶
ƽ϶ҵģֻзܴʱŻԼ֡
ѵ
ļ糱ˮӿںԺɫһףƣǲƳˣ
ľ˯ĺϡ
СһԺ۽һ˵Ҫˡ˵꣬ſӣ˸˯ˡ
ʲôӣզˣﱻˡ
𼱣˵һ߸ϸǱӣһ˵
Ҳ֪ôһ£ֻܰģĶͳͳｲһ飬Ȼ⡣
ּˣ꣬Щɵۣðûع
ǵԼΪ˷ּң̫̫ϺΪǶͬ⣬ԼŻͷզһȫأ
һֱ붼ķּңˣ
ϵУܲµΪλּͬңô󷽵ĸĶءʳӡ
Ը治֪Ǹÿ޻ǸЦֻյһƬܡ
һĴţϵĵǰΣҵģû°ɣ
û¡ҡȥתתѹֵĲУֲϱģ
һͱֹˡ
Űɣ˵õ꣡
ꣿƵĶֽţûԼĶ鰡
ҲܣȻ˵ˣϢҪһɶ£ô˵ţֺۿ

73ºƻ

գﵽ׻Ϣˡ
һͬϢĻϡ
óϵǵһû˯һֱտԼ
£ôæµأ
˵Ҫȥĵһ䣺ʲôּˣԼȥ
仰һТĺ˵ֱĸ˾档
ǲĶ˰죬ۿˣſڿС
§סϣۿҲʪˡЩ꣬ҸԼܿˣԺԼһᲹ
һֱľϿſűֲ˯ˡ
ԭӦ˯˵ģ۲һҲЩԺ
ССǺߵĺϡ
һһ˯͡
ڼ䣬һſ֣ڳˤˤĺ̫̫ûаǳѣڴ˵ҲûаǳѣֱгƵ֣˲ۡ
ƣ㡢㡢㡭ۿվԺſڵˣŵöˡ
ЦеĴкϺð
㡭ôˣһ˹ı飬ŵתүү̣ƻˣ
һƵ֣Ҷʱը˹
̫̫һȵС鲽С۾ͷѾͷôˣòԼӻİɣǺ
˽Ѳس͢ﷸҲεģüͷ
Σ⻹ˣֺ̫̫죡Ѿͷ͹ٸȥ
Ц׼ƴк㶣͹ٸȥ𣿡
û˵ѲǶΣϽץ̫̫ŭ޲ɥǡ
̫̫ûԶҲû̫̫ƽҲֻڼԴЩǵ˼Һһᡣһٸŵȶˣúڼﰡ
Ѿͷִ󲮺ġ˵žҪȥץƵĸ첲
ԱһĹǣǿ˼ٸһˣǻҪͻȥզģٸϰ
˵ʲôٸˣһ㶡
̫̫Ҳܣɱˣٸ㣿
ɱˣ죬Цˣ̣㿴Сϸ첲Сϸȣһûж⣬ɱ˭
˶֪㻹˭̫̫
ˣü˹ʵ˭ɱˣ˭ٲҰץˣ
ôһʣȷʵЩǡ
Ͼڣһж˵ģԼ͸ûۼߺʵ
ҿѾͷģһޣȴ룬ͷôңɼûù̵ģ
ѵԩѾͷ
ǹٸΪְץأ
ţ˳
ٸֻȥʻѡһ޹Ļش
̫̫һĻӿۿ㱻ٲˣֹӿˣͷü˼ҶˣҪǹٸʻںɽʣڴﲻʣרŴȥʣ˵ˣģզϻģƭأ
Ҳ԰ֶҡˣɲĶźƣƺڿǵô졣
ʱϺͺϴܳˡ
ʮּȥƱסƣû°ɣ
ܸоϱԼڲʮھΡ
§סϣ˵û¡һˡ
㣡ڻҶˣ˸߲ҵĽеЦݵСȴں̫̫׺ݵ¶ʱȥЩų
ͷЦĺ᣺ԣҲ㣡
㣬ȥĶˣץס½󣬷·һ㡣
Ϊҹޣĵ׵š
Ǻ̫̫ͺץӷεŪô¡
ѾͷҪûץߣҲÿͷĻҵĲӦò˰ɣ
հ죬ӭ컹ʮأ
ЦŲ˵̫̫̲סߴ٣Ѿͷô㵹˵ѵʲô˵˵ڣ
˵£ɫһףæ˵ôô˵ƣƺòƽˡ
ƽˣһ˾ͲƽˣҪûʲô£ʲô˵ģ̫̫һᶼܲӲǱӣ۾۾ġ
ϱһɣղźò׹ȫɢˣֻܵĴ۲˵
̣ǲҺðֲСãʲô¼ˣƿȥ༥
ɽǼ£Ǻ̫̫Ѩ
һУһбط裡

74±̫̫

Ѿͷ˵˺죡̫̫۾Ҫ˹ȥȴסˡ
һס̫̫ŤͷͬĿźƣѾͷô㶼ˣڻ¿ɾͲصˡ
ʵҲ׼ᣬ˭ú̫̫۸أ
ǹĶĺ̫̫
ģ˵ģұ֤©ȥһ֣Ц˵ţбб˺̫̫һۣ˵СŻʱˣⲻ˵
üͷа˼ѾͷʲôʱˣѾּҳȥˣڸϽŪѾͷɱûɱˣٸ׷׷¡
ѾͷҲǵ¡Ϊ̫̫һ䣬ʳеɻ󣬡ҲҪʵǣٸô˵ģ㵽׸Ǹɱ˵ûйϵ
Ҳ֪ԼҲҪҸƫƫôʵ˵
󲮣Ҳ֪ҺҸպȥ˺ɽԹٸҪ춼ʲôˣʲô¡ĿԺＸ˵ɨ̾˿Ȼ껰һһˣٸ˵Ժ»ʱȥʻġ
ʱȥʻɲʲô¡ץ֣û׼ٸѾͷ۾תţԼС̡
ƽ˸񿴽΢΢һЦҲ˵ƣϵʵû͵˰ɣﶼ𣿡
ƣһ˵£ϵˡ
̫̫Ϳ޿ӣ̲סúõֿʲôɥûҲ޵Ļˣ
ôˣѹ̫̫׷ʵ
Ϻۿû˵Աߵĺ˵㣬εˣڻڴأ
ʲô𣿡ƳԾʵ
ϵͷȥ
ô˵ҩ𣿡
ϱشˣͷϡ
ϲ᣺иҩ˵飬Щ궼ͿˣҪá
̫̫üЦһ϶ҵô˵ʲô˼ҿ϶˲ɣ˻ˣ
Ҳ˼ô˵ģҾ͡żĽ͡
̫̫¸첲װ⻰ﻰⲻҺͷӿ϶ɻһĸˣͷôµأ϶ͽĲܸɻˣ
ֻҪϺͺ̫̫һϣȻ·硣
һТѹˣϱǸӣ硣
ϱ̫̫ҵ˵ĽƲÿ֪
ʲôвſҩǽûˣΪ˲ú̫̫ϣƱ̣ٸЩӣȥҵץҩ
˵ţ̫̫֡
Ȼ̫̫ʱըëèһìܶ׼Ҳ˲ˡ
Ѿͷ֪ҵǮҸ㣬ǶѾֳȥˣøĶˣҲӡԺһǮҲҪǻլûйϵ
̫̫˵һĶźƣ·ԷʱǮһ㡣
ϷҪȥҪЦˡ
ֳȥˣŬװֵӣݼĺһʲô˼̣ǹǶֳȥˣǴҲֳȥˣ
ȻֻǶˡ̫̫ĿһۣѾͷȻˣ͸ϽʰʰͷǶȥɽǱߵȥ
һ˵ǰ𣿡
ôǲߣСסĶѵô˹ϴӼһݣ̫̫˸ۣתݡ
ԭ̫̫ûôŰѶߵģû뵽ƾȻˣ
Ļģ
Ӵǧɥǣװòӭ׵ʮӣ
һ뵽̫̫;ؿۡ
ٶ࿴ۣԼǸϽѶߵĺã
̫̫˺⡣
æ̬ðҪʲôҪæľ;ܿڰȻ϶ôǰҵʱæõ黹ǿԵġ
õ飿̲סһЦ˳л󲮵ĺ⣡СϾˣͷ˵Ĵݣ
һ̲ס΢죺ѾͷҲǺæôô˵أ
ǶãǸ˵˵飬ǹٰȥɣƲŲһףýѾӶܲµ󲮵ǵС̡
Щ²̨ε˵ѾͷҲǲ̵֪Ƣ˵泤ǲТʲôϽȥɣ󲮻Ҫȥ˽ӣˣ

75¸ӵ

ͬʵҪæġ
ֻںƼҪȥʶȤûиݡ
ڣ쳤۰Ͱ͵ĸˡ
ϷҪڴϲµأֻͳȥˡ
ŮЦӯӯĺԼһֱɤ۶˶
ظţͺãû¾ͺã
û£ǵզˣڿߣͷһѪ۵ʵ
ﺩһЦû¡Сˡ
Ķˣ׷ʡ
ﲻ˵ѣֻЦ˵Ѿˡ
˵Ҳµõ
үүǿͷˣˮ籩ǿͷӲιȥģ
Ҳǡ￴ŮɫãæͣҵʱʱȻͷΣ۷ھ͡
ƶѪµ˴𰸡
ÿ춼ҪɳԵȴһˮûУʱΪ˸޶Բ
ȻԽԽƶѪҲ֮е¡
ҲƸƶѪȻǮ˵ʲôҪꡣ
Ϊɶүүǣ
󣬷ֺЩԥƺԼ
ǣֱ˵㲻ңҾֱȥүү̻ߴ󲮣ҳ綼֪ġ
ƣ㲻ȥʡæֹȻЦһ£ʵģѾˡ
һ£ּңүүּң
ѾӶ֪һŭ֮ںſ¹ּ̫̫ҵ£һֱΪһʱ嶯Ͳˡû뵽лȥԺȻȻҪּҡ
Ϊʲôأ
ֳ︡һ𰸣ȴЩš
ţ˵ĵײ³Ǹ𰸡
ƣ˵ɱ롣үүҽݣ˵ҰңϾϵôǩ飿ӿֳѹɫ촽ΪЩûãǶˣö࣬Ҳȫӻ׬ǮѾǷ̫࣬ôʱ١ٰϳȥأүү±ۣүүǶֳȥ
˵ˣǿе⣬˺Ļ
￴ɫԣƺеţƣܡүүҲû취ңֻǷּҳˣǱϳҡϻǶġ
˵ˡһδϣɬӿ
ûԼеɬΪʲôʱѾһ˷Ӧ
Ŷ
ɵˣŻƵţЩ֪롣
ңǲ˵ɶˣ㶵ʵ
ϻҡҡͷ鲻뾲һɡղſŮµᣬ²ǲŮּһʱ֮ܲˡ
ʱ򣬺վԸ£ȥҶ㡣
Сϣ㲻ˣҪҵˣҪģ֪𣿡Ͻ
ţ֣µĵͷС˳ȥ
һ·ܳȥҲ֪ԼҪȥĶ
·ϣд񿴵ĴƱ֮ǰںҵ˵ָظһ顣
ܿ죬ƽ»Ϣڰƽﴫˡ
ûȥܴǶô룬ԹԵһܵ˺ɽϡ
Ϊũæ磬ûʲôˡƲ֪ߵ̾˿˸ط
ã͸֦ɹůʮ
Ƽ˸֦һûһµڵдһ
տգ鲻á
տգˣʲôվ˵ÿտտһ£
ƣ
տգ뽫滻Ϊֵ
ƣڸĿѾˣһСİʵ˵˰ɣߺߣ
տգ~~ûտĺܵտն¿ɼؿɱ
ƣǲҿҿռС˵ˣѧ߰Ļ
տգˣ˵ҲԿտŬѧϰӴ
ƣҲ鷳ѧʵõİЩС˵Ǻдģ̨ʺܼٵĺòã
տգˣķ¸տ˵˵ÿտѧõİһ°
ƣðɣʵͦìܵġ
˼ʶڵϻĬĬ˵ţҲ֪ԭǴҸʵ뿪ġ
տգ֪ˣҪȥѰʳģռ䣡弶ʱտվֿԻˣƤҲ
ƣصص㹻Ҳܻصԭλ氡
տգţϽ뿪ȥѰʳİ
ƣﰡ㿴ôãСҲôңôܶǾߣǰһ԰οԼԺǮ˻չһǣ޷ƭԼģ͵ôӣֻҪЩ˳Եģ

76

տգˣѾּ𣿾ּ֪Ժ󣬾͸ģҪٸǸɻҲܺЩ˵۸ˣ
ƿЦһտգֻۣʵүү̻ߴĽеȥǰæɻҲԲܾġ
տգǺЩ˶ô۸ˣΪʲôҪأ
ƣտգžͽɣѪԵ޷͵ġ
տգѪԵ
ƣǵģ֪үү̰ǶϳˣҲԷŲүүǡˣǾҪصǰӣүүҲԲСȥʶֵģҲϣСϲĺ󳾣һ泯źЩˣ
տգǣûѪԵֲŮ
ƣտʼҵȷûи顣ǺһδεĻңСԼҲҪ͵͵ʡ³ԵĸңΪ˻Ұ̵Ĵ򣬵ΪɿͷүүҲԸ塣Ķⳤģҵĺãô޶ԣ
տգˣԺԶһЩǮ
ƣտգǽǮ޷ģǶ۰ҾúůѾ֪İǵˣ
տգô찡
ƳĬһ˾ģе֦һҲˣҪһҪԼŬһ˶Ϻӣ
տգˣռ䷵ԭλ
ƣҲһѰʳģְտգ֧ҵģԲԣ
տգˣ֧㣬ɲԿһѿռ弶ȻƤ
ƣ
֮󣬺ҵĵķ򣬲ɻȻʣԭһɨա
õɱߺͿտ죬²Ѱµʳġ
ľȻľһϷһƬɫľɿĵĽг
㷢Լûд
տգռĴ湦ܼĬʡ
տգˣռĹܾǴռ䰡ÿ㼶Ҳֱʹõģ
ʲôûסֱӾгܻŭ
ԭռһֱʹãΪʲô˵ÿλɵװӣ
տպίˣЩĹܣΪ֪ġ
Ҳˡðɣ괩һΣԼҲ˻ˣȻһʱ֮䶼û
֪ҲպÿԶһЩԵĻȥûб˷ֵʳȻãѾֵģҲʲˣ
ժľֿʼĴѰʳġ
֪䣬ȥҲԽԽƧ
ףﻹĢҿڼ·һشصİĢ
ϸ˿ĢľǱȽƽɡƽҷһηֲ
жĢĻһɫ͹״״죬ʵӲо֣иϸֳ۶ϡңĢľǷ֩һҡ
Ϊ˽һȷְĢľ˺ϣˮ˺ϵĵطûбɫŷ
ţûжֿԼһƿĵĺСĢսռ䡣
æµţԺкȻտյʾ
տգˣʮĵطΣ￿뾡ѰҰȫطܡ
ΣƼϵĺë
ǿɰСӣտվԲʾ
ѵǡ
ǣ
ô죿
ܵĻԼҲܵıǿġ
ȣطû˰
Լôû·ԼܵɽԼ侲Դתһ߿ٵĴܣһ˼취
ˣ
ǲģ
۾һɿѰһſȽϺɿʼ
ԶȻҲԼҪѣ˿ʳĴ㣬֫ȻٳƳ˹ȥ
ǵٶÿСʱԴﵽʮŹ½ϵԴﵽǰʮ÷۵糸ҲΪ
һɫӰӴּХ˳硣
ӿ¶˳ɭĹâϺƵСҧ˹ȥ
֪ǷУȻ˫ۺȻ͵شȥһأӲ˻ǵ
һҧϣĳݺۣһŤء
ƱŵĴһͷ˫ӨӨӶϣŵô˸
֪ǲǿĵӣһͷء
ãٻͬ飡
һͷԼȻҪѵһ۲ͣ
ԼСһûм⣬Ⱥǿ
ᣬŬŲŲȻ˸һЩ֦п޺տգûжԸƥǵҪûУ˵СֻҪˣ

77û¶

տǺϣ
Լռܹһէֵ֣ռ¹ܣԼˮ֮С
һϣȻһˡ
տգԲˣֲ㣬޷һƷ
ƣⶼصʱˣôôñͨأˣͱռˣռЩʲôã
տգˣҲû취Υռ䷨򰡣
ƣ㲻ռ䷨Щ©Ȼһ
տգˣôĿŵÿռԼԼķ©ǲǲ̫ã
ƣﶼҪˣܵô취
տգðɣˣԵȣ
ȴһ£жǵ£ƸǾöꡣ
տգ鵽û
ĵװɿտȴ޻Ӧ
µĻǸ߸ԾҪ˺ҧƵĽţȥһء
֪Լ޷ϵ֮󣬻Ҳ˷ùȻֱӶµȴ
˫ӨӨ۾ֱϵĺƣǺεѪɱ⡣
ƱëȻк˼οտ޹̲סսսĶŻǴ磬һһû⣬ģȥұĳԵİɣͱˣ
Ӧǻǵ쳤Х
ء
ѽѽڴߴͬϽ𣿺ѾԤϵԼȺǷʬĲ״ˡ
ϴôʱ䣬ɱֶˣȸǱּ紵÷顣
ûǣǶڶ԰
ǰ佱ǵļ̣ǲʱݷԡ
ȻڣľǶԷԣ
ţּȻЩæѭȥ
ɴΪʱеˡ
ƥǣ
⼸ƥǹȻμӾ۲͵ģ
Ϊ۲ʳĺƱʾеıɺӣϵˮ
տհ벻취Ҫˣ
һΣտ˻Ӧ
տգˣտ뵽취ˣ
ƣһذ˵
տգˣտǰҲð
ƣУУãϽ˵İ취
տգˣտշǰڲֿǹˣԤ֧ʹã
ƣǾ͸ϽԤ֧ʲô
տգˣԤ֧Ļ۳ַŶ
ƣ˲ôˣҪ
տգõģԵȣ

տգԤ֧ǹһ֧ںʮ룬һ١
տգˣǹѷռУǷȡ
ƣǣ
δ䣬бһѺɫǹ
ǹ֣У
ƶʱ񣬵ǹ׼ƥʼҪҧԼĻǣؿǻôңղǲҧңߺߣǹ
Ҫ۶Ժд˿տյʾˣʮӽʮףʮס
ȥٶô죡ʶİǹջؿռ䣬һĹ򣬾ͿҵӰ¡
ңǣæ󺰡
ʵϣҿʱƥǾͲ˶ҵķ̬
ǰӰȻֹϵĺƣֿ˿µƥǣƺЩȡ
ءΪ׵ĻǺһ˹ȥ
ҵĳ൱ֶһٴͣȻϵʱԲǾͳ
ƥҲжѸ٣Ӱĳҧ˹ȥ
ڿлһâݺݵҧһ
ƿľƺʱȴһ֦ϳԼ֡
ʲôʱϵ
̲סۣԾңû°ɣûбҧ
Ȼû£⼸ֻǶôôҧõңڵ֦ϣһ֦ƵĳתȦĻӹȥ
ǱҵΪŭˣ˻͵Ҫҧסȡ
ȫȻ壬ҪԼʱĵ̧̧ȡ
ǵͲĿȻ˹ȥ˲ס
غ󣬻ǲĵٴԾȴһβһҧ˸ա
֮󣬻ҲϵϷˣԼɷŭĳХһ
ã϶ٻͬ飡ƼˣҺǵøϽߣԼֻʮ룬һȺǣԼǹҲûð
ţ㼱Żؼ𣿡ҲͷϴǷЦݣΪ϶أ
Ҷͷ˭еû¶棿ǰһﲻڶ𣿺оMMP֪
ǿе²ۣƱɿĺǱ׷ϵģȥ
ȥܵĶ𣿡һۣƵ˵㻹Ǽϰɣȥ
˵꣬
ƥ˹ȥ
תܣٶȷɿû֮С
һǣת۱ûӰ

78ҲӢۣ㲻

ɪƵҶڿд˼Ʈڵϡ
ƧɽУԶԶļǺ֮⣬ް㶯ʮˡ
ڹͺͺûҶһţŲʧķŶԷƽ£
ǣҵȴȻӰЩš
ᱻǳ˰ɣ
ܵģԼɵˣ
ûҰޣӦøϽȥȻȥһԻȡĻıȺΧס˵ܾ
뵽Ų峯ȥ
ֻǣ߹Լ
֫ͽӲճŲ򻬣˳ǰȥ֦ϡ
ȹסλã˭֪·ȴ֦סˣȫá
һʱ򣬿ıǺ֫¡Ųӹ֦ϵģһЦ˳
Ӵ׼Լ𣿡
ҵƵĺϲ̧ͷᶼҪˣңڻˣôôðһΪ㱻ǳأ
ΪұǳˣԱҿͨͨһ۾һȴȻĵ٩
˭ԱԼ֦Ϸɣޱƣߺߵĵ԰ⲻǺ˷԰Լѳᣡ
ѳ飿ԭҵĸôü
ⶼʲôʱˣƿ챻ˣͲȰҾȥԳѪˣ
ҵһξ㣬ڶξ㣬֪Ҫ̯ʲô£ҹյĸ̾ôӢ۾ûɶ³أ
Сǵͨ죬һģԳѪġ
Ӣ۾ӢۣƦӢһ߶մ
ŶζĿͬĵͷӢ۾ôȵĹҲˡ㡭һ߶մҲӢۣҲˣպܰ䣡
ƣʲô߼Ҷ棬԰䣿
ĹĵҪʱȴȻ
ǺƵһԷתĽǶȿʹô˵еṦͼ΢΢һ˳Լ˹ŴЦݵĿԼԽԽͬͣŴдһ㡣
㶿ԼȻоһԼ屻һȥ
֪ǲԳѪԵʣգ֮£ƫƫԺͬһ㣬ÿϸڶر
ιɵˣ
ҵúƻعһֻ޳ÿԼǰζ
ԴЩκʶץסǰ֣㶵գգۡ
ұһֳȴǿֹԼ
ôˣ溦ˣҵͷźƣʵ
ᣬᣬ͸һζ
᣿ôܺϵһ𣡺˦˦ͷԴûͬʱҵ֣ûСǿɽɣȻһ֪ĳʲôޣ
ڣǣҲֻˡҿԼ˦֣
ܣëȻܿɲһԷŵǸϽ߰ɣɽ̫Σˣ
֪Σ㻹Լ𴽣ϵЦݡ
ƸоԼЩΣգǴƺЩԼĵġ
ڵԼƶȻ뵽һ⣬ѿڶҵ𣿡
һûлش
ԭԼģңΣյɽѰԼǸղţðΣնȥȺʮָж̧ϵ˵ңлл㣡־һΣ
ҪǿСҲ޵ģҲù㣡ұűۣЩŤ
Ӳļһ¶һЦݣΪСϻΪң֮ҺƵľˣĵĸм㣬Ժһᱨģ
ߺߣϣܼס˵ĻˣīˣϽɽɣϣҹм˵ţתߣȴ͵͵һõĻȡ
ԼΪʲô˵ʱ򣬾Լ˵һסģѾּҳˣİӹãģһᾡԼģ
ҵĽŲȻͣסת˫ðĵźƣôźҽԼ
˵һ룬Ȼס
ʲôƲգգۡ
ҵžҵ£ɫЩôаܽԼ
ȻģҴӦ¿϶ܰ쵽ظ֤
ҿĵӣĵðشػȴ޴йй߰һԱߵ󲽳ǰȥ
λַʲô񾭣ɻͷҲû룬һ·Сܵĸȥ

79еñʧ

һǰһּ䴩
Сܵνһ㣬ɶԷûƵġ
ʵܲ˵ͣ˽Ų˵ң㡢ɽɣҡʵ߲ˣ
ԭ͵µģСһ·ûˣȥֻ»ûɽȱˡ
ͣסŲͷ˿߲ˣת߻ߡ
Ҫ¾ɽɣõңƼɫãΪƽ顣
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濴ƽСиõھǣȻһΪ
ţұΪԼ뷨ȻʧЦ
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һεķּ֮ϲҲҪǰŲԼıߡ
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Լ붼û׼شԴ˺ƣȴסԼ
ǳ⣬ԼһƺˣͲзּҵľϲˡ
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뵽ƱЩʹҺȥ͵͵͸¶˲ʵ飬ɵȴѾ˻ˡ
ʲôأ䲻ҵúƻع
¡ƶ˶٣ЦҡҡͷҲ֪ԼôԲԣЩìܡ
Ȼˣ룡Ҳ̫ͬ΢΢üȺ̰ᣬϲϣң
ֻ֪һ뵽ΪˣЩƴСдΡ
һֺֻȻס°̧ͣ
ЩԾңΪζԷͻĶ
ƣҪԭ㣬ǺЩ˵ѪƫģҶ۾ǰδе棬ֻҪǶҪּҳһͳ綼Ҫܣ𣿡
ҵ۾ܺڣͬа鲻Խȥ
˫㶵ĵ˵ͷ
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ָҪӣϺʩѹְн˵ʮأʨӴ󿪿ڵҪҩǮ
£ɺϺּͬҵҪԭ
ôǶأɰҵĴæ㣬ֻ¶Ҫǵѹեæҡͷϣˣô˵ͬæģ
ҹ𴽽ЦЦǮ׬ûΥԭûɲͬⰡ
ҲŶǸԣӡ
ƺкҲɺʵôˣ
Ҳûٴ򽻵ɣѵû𣿡ƲƲ죬֮ǰбһֽǮһֽҩ˵һ顣
̲סЦȷʵ磡
̫ˣѹҲϱ͵͵²ۣһԵ˵ҶˣԼһƽ尲仧ġҪǴûд϶ô׾򵽷סģ㿴öʮ˰ɣһˣҲ°ǰ϶ϱģϱˡ
һߣǴѾʮˣѵʮȢˣ
ҲԣǾ̫ˣ᲻ûǮȢϱ˾עָһ²⡣

80еС˼

ʲôעһѧʵģĳɨһ¡
Ľͣע¶һһֲϱ
᲻еˣұɣȴŨŨЦ⡣
ŰƷ㿴ˣȻûУ˲аһ굽Ǯ۶ˣ᲻ó᲻ô᲻ûǮϱϣĸŮϹۻѵ쿴ͿԲóԷˣС
źһһеȱ㣬̲סЦ
Цʲôѵ˵Ĳ𣿡ƲŭӡΪһԵĳԹȺڣôЦأԹʺܲ
Цŵͷֹ˹Сӣԣ˵Ķԣ
αʵЩˣǴЦ񣬸ʢ硣
һ£Īˡ
˵ˣû˼Ҫؼˣۣתȥ
Ҳ׷ЦݵıӰĿ뿪
ֱƵıӰʧתǣЦݣ˵׼͵ʲôʱ򣿡
䣬ԶĲһӰ
ӣҲ͵ؼǺڱңͻȻ֣ΣӣЦ
Լ湻ùģ·˺Ƹ˵ԼȻԼΪ̫ԲŻȢϱ
˱ԼΪʲôͱԼ͵ˣܲеԭˣ
ҿһίӣ̲סЦ磬ٲ飬ֻ´˶Ҫˡ
Ҳ鰡ʵҲʵģܲȢðɣüΪѡ
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֪ǲĴоԼ˵֮ӵɫ˼֡
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ⰲƽûһ۵ģü
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⵱ȻʶĴţֶȻסѾͷ⣿Ӳġ²
лҵвѿڶӣ㲻ȢѾͷ
ΪʲôܣĿĿ
붼Ļش𣺡ݵλ䰡
ݵλЦһңڻʲôݣʲôλ
ҭлں޲ѡԼǲ˵ִӵʹ
ӣҲǸ˼ŬҪ⼸䡣
Ұ֣ףϣҲףڵҲʲôӣֻǰƽһ񡣡
ӣԼƽĴ񣬿ɱ˿ɲô롣˵ţ͵͵ǵķָָ
Ҳ÷򴽣ɫްѾͲסѰˣȻǵ˸ɵˣǱ߿϶ģȻҲĵѲ顣
ֻѲ±³˹ȥЩ˺޵ɣ
뵽ҲЦһ
ӣҪ뿪ƽ壬һطţ顣
̧һۣƽ廹ƫƧѵҶұȥ֮أǣʲô뷨
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ֻŷӶҲûʲô飬뿪պûӼĹٵǺǸѾͷ

81

ûо԰ȫĵطҰͷͷϵ죬пɬ
ôұĽû֮أ
ŨҵĲϢеĲӥչ裬ȴûһ졣
վһԵбսͣаղѡԼԺ˵Ϊãʡѹ
ãҵ͵̾˿罨ȰӦеӲԻסЩˡ
ôԻ󣿡ɻʵ
ұ³ĸ֣Ȣӡ
ʶҪ漴סԼ͡ղѾ˵ˣԼٴϼӴ
ҿı飬˳Գ϶ú䲻ҰɣʵϣȢ˼һδؿϼ޸أ
ƵıѾˣѾͷûҪ޸Լ£һ˼Ҫ˻顣
뵽Ҿ;һرʹ졣
ʲôѾͷԸ޸㣿Ϲ𣿡о漴ߣĵ䲻ֵĵ
ˣз֢ǻ˼ҸҰѹŮ޸ң
ɵˣβŽ͵˵ӣֲǷֻ֢඾δ塭
Ǵ˶ΪǷ֢ƮƮĿһۣ£ĸ
е亹˲ʹðˣ⡭ӣҡҡ
磬͡ҲһЩ˵˼˭ϵнաε̾Ϣ
ԼǿǲȫΪ˷֢Ϳŵı˲Ҽ޸ԼԼµ˼˭֪һС
˭뵽ðأ
Ʋ֪ԼҺ˾ᣬ˷ܵΪ׼
صңϺͺϹĵΧﲻ
ĺϾȻܳȥԼúƸоůůġ
˽һԼûв֮󣬱źϿʼΪ׼
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ȥ嶫ͷɽǱʰʰǼƷӣҲԸµĸһȥæˣƺͺСڼʰҪߵĶ
ڰңϾʮ棬СȲͣĸæǰæʱʱĶѯʣ㣬Ҫ𣿡
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ĶȻ࣬ҲûɶֵǮģ߰Ķȴ٣ǺƻҪļ趹ѿֵһľߡ
ԸҪæᶫƿС첲Сȣ㰲Ժ￴
㣬ǷԺ𣿻ҪŰϲ⡣
ƹ֣µĵ˵ͷȻˣԺҲȫۼҵĶһҪס˰ۼҵĶͿˣ
֪ˣ㣡ϱĵͷ֤
СƲЦͷԼôĺӸɻֻҸϢˡ
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ﲻɿһ£첽ţѾڵϣС򱻵һߡ
СϣСϣôۣܹȥżĽе
ﺬᣬС־
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ƵĻһð˳ͷҲߵӰһ
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ʲôЬǲҪļЦ
ô󣬻ûбôʱתŭĳ˹ѾͷҲ˺˵˵ûûСģ
֮ǰźƣûʲôףһת㱩¶ﱧŵĲϡ
۾һУ㻳ﱧʲô
ԼﻹŲϣæһұʲôʲô£
͵ҵĶȻҵ£һҾ㣬ðߵĶһȻԸ
˭㶫ˣҵĲϣѹˣתתŤͷݺѾͷңҪҵĶ

82׷

ԭк̫̫㣬ǺԼϣǺ̫̫֧ʹġ
ĺ̫̫˳
˵ɶǼѾͷ㣿ˣ̫̫һ£һݺݵźơ
Ʊű۲˵һĨЦ
̫̫Ϊˣְθ˼֣ϽСõǸȻȥٸùٸͷ
ͷ̣׼ҰɶƼֱҪ߼Цˡ̫̫֪°
ĲТӾӦñץȥͷѵѹѾͷһأ̫̫ɵָ֣źƵı˵ѾͷڸϽǸٸСһЩҾһأ
ҪʲôƲɫʵ
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Сӣÿ־ȥ
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һߺһźȥ⡣
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̣ǰɣ·ɣƿнеңɶȴĺܣһµź϶㵽һߡ
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һʱ֮䣬ֶ˺ѷεĿ޺ǵٽ˼ȫܵ˺ҵԺſǰ
̫̫۸ˣ
Ĳھ۸Сģ
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һǺ̫̫۸ҲһˣһǴʱ̫̫¶࣬ƺͺСĵأʮֿ
˵ָ𣬺̫̫ð̣ſڵ˺֪ʲôСӰƵˣˣҽѵѵѵ𣿡
ȻұᳫТҲТǾԲԵģ
ߣɽ壬ɽ䣡
̫̫ôһ˵ԺſڵĴʱֹۣͣЩȵƽܡ
̣ҺСϺʱСǵĲϣСƵڵϣֶѪˡ˵ţѺϵС־ſڵĴǿָָĲϣǿҵ֣ܵܵСûĲϡƥ֮ǰȥģһȫţ˶ˡ
˵ĿӺϵСתƵеĲϣԼ˲²⡣
ʱҵվ˳֤ⲼѾͷȥµģʱڳ֤
ôһ˵ǸȷԼ֮ǰ뵽Ĵˡ
񶾰ѹּ޲ȥԼֶӶ򣡡
ּ˻˼ҶȻ˼ҸĸڼӲȥ
ⲻѺ̫̫гһɣ
ҿǼҷ粻

̫̫һ仰ĴһߵıԼ޵ҧˣǧǮٸץȥôֱӿˣҷǴ㲻ɣ㻹˵СõĲǣ
˵ţһľͷĳƵ˹ȥ
һΣûмԺ㣬ֱźԺܣкţ֪ˣҰɣЩС߰ɣǲ
ܣվס̫̫˰춼ûƣʵȥľ׷˹ȥ
±ˣæƿлָ̫̫᲻
ϻǸӣҲûмôܵĿ죿
ûͱ̫̫׷ˡ
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̫̫ܣľݺݳ´ȥ
ۿľҪںϣȻ̫̫ʹһ֪ģȻһᣬӳԱߵȥеľȻҲʧ׼ͷݺ˺Աߵĵϡ
ĸǧĴңǲǡ̫̫ŭȴ̧ͷվԼǰʱȻֹ
ɫķ·ܵγˮ¹ҵģ簡ɱҲɣ
ϺͱƽƺϺΪϸ磬к̫̫ΪɩӡɽգȻֱ̫̫Ϊ¹ҵģɼĲᡣ
ڰƽ壬ĵλߣ̫̫ҵæͣϵܣûҸղҲġ
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һϺȥˣ˼ѵʣĻƸꡣ
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̫̫һ˵Ů˹ȥûǵĶǶТҵĲϣȥõģӲ֪ҪŲֳô󶯾
˵꣬תת飬ָ嶫ͷ϶Ҫҵģǰʣ
һ漰̫̫ѵôһأƵ˺ϡ
ڴǹϵʵТ˳Ժ̫̫һ˵Ǿͺ׵ˣ׷׿
ԭǱİⱣТ˳
ǣּ˻Т治
Ѷֳȥϧ˰

ҵĻ˵˺Ϻʹɫѿ˼֡
ϺܾЩڿǺҵЦǱ㿪ڸˣȻǴҾɢ˰ɣ
ˣȻ˼վ￴֣Ǳظˡ
ûߣվԭƺͺϣѾͷСӣû°ɣ
ллүүȻ̷ҪҺͽɣµŲ˵
ԭͳùɣ˿رۡ
ͷԺӣүү⣬û˸Ҵ㣡
⻰úϺЩζԼҵĺӻֵõ˳ͷˣ
Ϻݺݵ˺Ϻͺһۣǳ˵˵ʲôϽؼң澹ۣ
ϱŵһ飬ƻ㡣
ҧҧһ¶ίɫүүǲǹ˵ġһֱ׷ǴҺСʵûطˣŻܳġ´Ҳˣ̾ǴҲԲܳүү˵ģ
˵ҧҧ촽۾пٸֳˮ۳ˮۿתȴǿŲ
⸱ίȴƫƫʮֶµģͬ顣

84е

ϸ磬ҵ˵ˡüͷϺоǲͬӶѾôί;ˣôأѵҪɩӰӻ𣿡
̫̫µ˭ҪˣҵŮһ򲻵ˣ
ǣɩӾѵ£ŻŻǶѡϺæǻ
ŻƵʹڴֵľ͵ϱľҳĿӣЦ
ҲɵӣȻźϺͺ̫̫ԡֻϾǺҵļ£Ҳù롣
֮ǰ㵽Ϊֹѣϸ磬Щ»ǲҪ̫ΪãϾô˶أ
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Ŀ뿪Ϻʱݺݵź̫̫ڵϸʲôӲˣϽһȥ
Ϊϲڵϰģۣͷӣһѣ̫̫˿Լдʾĺ˻ȥ
Ϻվԭû˵㣬ǲȥöĲϣ
ôѵǲӦТ𣿷ּˣҲ϶Ѿͷ̣̫̫һ˵һ۾ݺݵơ
뷨ѾֳȥˣǵĶͷԼͶ˸ͷӿ϶վԼһߡ
˵ˣ˶ĶΪ˸ʡǮ
˭֪ϺĻɫѿȻֱӳԺĺѲϷ£ݣ
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ʱڵϵĺ̫̫ˣվС鲽ȥϣ׬ǮТһƥôˣ
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̫̫˷ۣôҲ϶ҪҲң
ǰĻˣæͷ͡
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Ժ⣬ƿ˺еĺϺͺ̫̫Ĺ𴽽ǡ
һ̽ô׵ķǶڷ˼ңԺʹǶϺǴһֺ̰
ֻϧһĶ֣һĶѡ
к̫̫ڣȺҲˣ
㣬ǲҪˣϿ̰Ѳȥ̲סСʵ
ƥɫĲϣǸ·ġҪˣǶû·ˣ
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СϳˣһѼĶãһ˵
ƺЦ§УԺĶͽ㿴ˣ
ŤͷֽǺϵӰ̲ס󺰵
һߺһ߻С֡
ԺϺŤͷ򸾵ӰĶ˶ţ϶ˣϽѲϸ˼ҷŻȥ
ãҵҪкöòøһݣ̫̫ߺߵıŲϴ
ԭʰ嶫ͷرߵӣ˵ԼӱˣºӳԿ˻
ƺͺϺúõվǣᵽɤ۶Ĳض
Сңˣ˹ȥ״ѲƤСָ˿
ѪС֣۵ĲˣСϻôСôôص֣
üͷĵƣѾͷǻĶˣ
û£ľǣԼˤˡ˵ţʾ￴ǵϵľ
һɫˣ⡭Ҳ̫ˣ
û˵ڣѿıȻ˵һС
ʱԺĺ̫̫ŲϿ϶վſڣֱӺ϶ҽл㣡
ֺ̬ȣ·Զ˺Ƶġ
һΣﲢûǰһϹȥ˺ϣСˣȸϴϴ
СƵƤɶ޹ߵô̫̫ˣƲƲ졣
ֻð˵㲻СϣۡҶӣ
˵꣬ͷҲصıźϻݡ

85ºϺ̽

̫̫û뵽ﾹȻΥԼĻľҪ׷ȥ϶վס
ӣвУϺһס˵
̫̫ر˳µɶ㿴ĺöӣأⲻµҿװƭǷּңͷӣϵ˰
һᣬϺҲЩΡ
ҹнĲ˵ôأּѾͷٸץ˵Ŀֻţҹǩдּ飬һ˸峤Ǳ˹ȥ
ͳȥԺ󣬲ѾͷһûеĻˣҲӿˡ
Խ˼ϺԽζ
գ̲סﺰ϶һ£
Ӧһûþʹˣ󻹸źơ
ѾͷôҲˣϺüܿѾͷ϶˵ѹٸΪɶѾͷߵŪ
ǣֳ˵˾䡰ҹɡȻתȥ
̫̫ıŲϣ˺ͺһֺۣקź˺Ϻ档
ݣϺɫһҲ˵ԵϺ̰
֮£̫̫ͳסˡ
ǰѲϷŽתָźôôǣȻ˼ƭǣôǧģ
ʲôʱƭˣﱻһͷˮ
ߣǶˣ㻹װʲô⣡ָ̫̫ȥͷ޲øԴ
ȻһãȻӣϺ˿̸ˣ϶ʵ˵ӵզˣ
ͷЩΣһðʵʵĴ
ͷֿһѲҩͷκð
ֻð麹ǲûʢȵð
ȻΨһ֪ĺƵȻ˵
Ϻţ϶ɫаӡ
ǣź׷ʵ˵õ꣬ԼоĶþ𣿡
áʱеͷ£ղȥ嶫ͷʰݵʱҲûɶ˵µϣæҺúţԼӲȥġ
ϺĶòúɻ£ֻĺ嵽ûв
ǿӣֻ²Լ˵ʵˡ
Ϻתת飬˵ǲҪǸպûЩɱɶķڿϵľˣʰʰǻáľӰɣ
áҲû룬Ӧ
ԴתĿ죬ʶǺϺ̽æⲡûأţ
Ͱľͷɶ۵ģ̫̫˺һۡ
ҲʾûϵЬϿȥǸľ䡣
ľЩڸɹĺ˵ȴ⡣
˫΢΢һͽľ䱧
׼ľڿʱȻʺҺľϡ
ѪˣƼг
һ£ӣֲ̧˲ӡ
ѪȾ죬ǻҲһζ
̫̫ΪȻƲƲ죺Ѫɶµģ
̣˵ҵӶˣ켱ࡣ⡭ֻǷѪӱˣƼ˫ͨ죬ǰסͷǲǺΣ۲
űӣüû˵ƺܲӡ
Ѫָ˳ʺɫĿġ
⸱ģϺҲƣĪ϶ĲúأզӾѪˣҪǷѪˡܻ
뵽һϱԳɫ
үүҵıôһֱѪǲѪˣô죿ǰľӲ۳ѪģһҪȾҵֽе
̫̫һæƲϵүүʲô£ˣĶܰľͷӾ۳Ѫˣȥ⣡
㡭ˡ
̫̫һۣͷŤһߡ
Ϻܾᣬ촽˶˵ѾͷȥϢɣ
үүȾҵɣҸͷˣȴߣ۾Ҫ򵽵ϡ
ϺæסʲôãֲУ߰ɣԴӺͷε֮Ա˸ԼͷеӰºٿĳô˴л
գƿɥűѪͣĺȥˡ
صϱϺϵѪһ֪Ѫ֮æˮϴ
һֱͷ޻˿ϡ
ﵣģ̲סİѺһѯʣզˣ

86°

ƱѸղݷ¸˵һ飬²׼ΪǾ䡰⣬˵ˡ
զô˵Ҳܺģһ˿ѹ
ϵĸ첲ο̲һֱҺڷּˣȻǺ޲եѪأ
̲ס̾˿뵽Ѫ£ƣúõզѪأ᲻ĿĻĶ
İɣǲͷˣѪ̫͵Ц˸ղŵȥ֮ǰȵҩиĿɶǴ󲹵ĺö
󲹵ҩȶˣɲǻѪ
ǺĹ֣ȻʧЦҡҡͷ㰡Ҳȳë
ͷҲүү̷ڣֲϷּˡ
ӡˣܷڣûôࡣ
ƱԤ룺үү˼ǻɵװƭǣԲ̽ġûҲүү϶ȥ峤͵׷
ǿզĵҲּҵģ·ּ汻׷
ЦЦʱ䣬õúϢϢɣϾ֮ǰ̫ˣ
ɲǰһֱΪʵ˭֪µؿڣһΣˣҪи̣ҿô찡
λܵ͵ŮӣĸԷΪ졣
ϲϵᣬԼȴԸְδѹڱϵŮˡ
˵ּҵ±쵶ն飬Ժϲᱻ̫̫Щһ˾ѪԼҲôĵ£רоʳģ¸ռ䡣
ΪƲ֣ٴѪҲµˡ
Ķ£һ£ᵽԺȻƾȥȫţ
ȫһҪң˵ţæԹΪβ˵Ҳ֡
æлллȫ塣ûжٶҺﶼѾᵽԺ
ϾС̧öԺȫһ䡣
ƾЦӦãԺҪȫæĵطһȥ
ͶˣȫԽԽ˳ۣúѾͷ֪񣬶ԽҲʹǸܳµġ˭Ȣиˣ
뵽һԼҵСӿɶûȢأ
ƣ˼ң»ʻ־ãǻһ˵ǣǰõӰ𣿡
㶣֪ȫôȻ⣬ûж룬ҡͷҲ֪ϾٸҹʻΪףҲ޻˵
ҪףӦȫһ
ʼ磺ӦҲûа취
ʵǰͲףҲ˶ҵĳŵ
˺ңȫˣӰЩصĶ̧ţ
ռطҪǺƵļѿľӣ·ȵĶţûװ
װˣллȫ壡˿Цӯӯٴεл
ϺͺҲһԸлȫİæ
ȫ˰ѺЦϵ岻ãҴҲӦõġˣñҲţһȥɣ
ã̫ллˣȥæٴεлתȥк
ȫһվŵĺƺͺϣʵҲϳһȥɣ
ţֻʣһСطԼ϶ԣǺƺͺȥЩˡ
ɨһۣͷϣСϣţȥòã߹ȥ
ҪҡСԴ
ĶúοСԣж㣬û㡣С𣿵ղŻѪأչ˵òã
ϵıܾᣬ׻Ƕµĵͷãչ˵
ţͷ佱
ȫЦſ˵жԺҶӡԽˡ
֮ǰҵӶǵӡ󲢲áϴŶ˵ļӣ۸ֵͣ϶Ȼ̤ʵϸɣ˸ľͷԴͨǳĺó
ûҶȴ£֪
һߣﱻϷĿ⸴ӵݵķû׿ȥϺͺ̫̫𣬶ǹȥͷ
ȫϷźߣϱЦӭ˹ȥ磬ӺЩû
áȫϵܣ鷳ˣɫ̫ÿȴǿмЦ˵ͷ
ȫڰ֣ҿɶ֮ǰѾͷôæһûеźúõлأ¼ʰˣٴȥݷã
⻰ǷԷθ
ڣĸҶùϵ

87

ԭﲻɼܲסȫ˵
˺˼䣬ͰѺ˳
Ҳ˳ɵ˺ߡ
Ŀţ뿪Ƶڷһ롣
һ¡ȥ̰¯ǮˡϽһ䣬ȥ
̫̫ӴȫѶţʮԹ
϶ʲôʱȫϵôˣȻţǰңüͷϺ߶
Ϻ鷳ĳźû˵
̫̫ţˣתЬϿ߶Ϊ϶ûأȻ΢һ¾Ѫˣ·߲ˣȻţߵģҿ϶¹Ǻˡ
Ͳŵ϶ãϺȥˣüϡ
̫̫˵תɺϺ˼ж˵嶼ˣĶ԰ҩ
Ƹһݣ˺̫̫仰̲סӿ˵ҵҩǮͲˣҺҹҲҪ취ҵã
㣿ƾǼӣ̫̫мƲƲ죬˵ıȳĻʱɱǸǮǿûǮ㣡
Ȼ̫̫Ҳ۲ӵǮʮɽϾ͹ˣѾͷӸ˶ãҲ͵ĩʱ򣬿ѾͷȥĶŪǮҩ
ţϱ˼ֻɫƺѾ¸ºƳü̵Ĳ״
̡ƱӲ˵Լò뵽ּҵ»ûг䶨㽫⻰˻ȥһ֮ɫүү̣򲻵ѣҲ鷳ǵġ
ѵÿƳԱ񣬺̫̫ʮֵ⣺ߣǶѾֳȥˣ
ҵ峤ûڷּǩ֣ǲǷּҾͲۣϣʵ
붼룡̫̫ˮ峤յүүźͷּˣ͹
֪Լ֪Ĵ𰸣б
ǲڰôߣ̫̫ʼˡ
̧ȥ̣ҹҪףӿ϶Ҫȥ¯Ǯû취Ӳˣҡ˵ţͳʮǮ
㻹ģ̫̫һǮ붼һ˹ȥɻĴƺ뵽ʲôѾͷǲΪ¯ǮˣԺܴǮҸ㣬ŶûУģ
̣ĶôôģƵıܱߣߡ
̫̫˵Ǯ֮ɫ֪ЦʵĻɵǾԼ¯Ǯɵ
ˣ˵ֲ죡ˣϽ߰ɣֽ̫̫Ƹ˳ȥ
ȫ̺Ϻ˳Ĭֱߺų̾˿ӣôԶǲ̫˵㣿
㲻զǷֳȥˣ̫̫һ䣬ֵߵߵİսǮϻ
Ϻҭ˵ֻٴ̾Ϣһͷ
ϺƵıƣһĿõļֱҪ
嶫ͷס˼Ҳ࣬ɽҲǷָķƾɲ
ȻѾʰĲˣ¶Ȼ͵ĶˣΨһõĵطԭ¯á
ȫϡƺͺϵЦݣ̲סǣƷĶסˣĴ©磬զ˯һηģ϶©ꡣ
ȫ壬ǻᾡӵġЦĴ
ȫȫʲôø˵ģΪƺͺֻС̰ͼʣûʶԣߵĺߡ
磬ɶ㰡
췢̫࣬ܵ˺̫ûüδʲôƻ
ȫʻãȻҡҡͷ
磬ɲаȫֵ̾Ҷ¡һָ֮أҪû㣬һĿԺզ
֪ʶԼϵصһ˵ͷ
ȫ㵽Ϊְֹο绹塣ҪɶҪæģ͸ֵ֨
ϵܣллˣм˵
ȫǷּ֮һæˣúʮָж
ÿЪţȥǴ֡ȫЦЦȥһ̧ˡ
ææµµڰƷʱʰ
ȫʱûԼܰæˣǣæҵûؼȥˣȻȥˣҪ߶ˣ
˰ңæҶ˳Է֪ҶڱȽѣ˸ͷȥ

88µĿʼ

Ҳ֪ȫΪ˸ԼӲŹô˵Ȼһл
ȫߺûˣϵЦҲʧˣ̲ס͵̾˿
㲻𣿡ʵ
ҡͷû˵
ҡ͵ܸܵܶˡƱ׷ʣΪʲôˣ
лǿ˳ǣƣûвˡ
ǵı֣ǲ˰ƶ̧ͷľϵĺҺ͵ܵԺլЩ˵۸Լ¼ңµĿʼ𣿡
ǺãǡﻷһܣɬЦЦҲ¼ʲôûУĴ©硣ǵûá
ǵүүҲ۸
ΪûּҶֵֻܷͽıڡûס˵Ʒӡ
Σܵ˵
ȡּҳĹƴǰȥߣסĸ첲ͷȥ˵Ǻ˵ֻҪһһ𣬲۸ٿҲǿĵģǵӻԽԽõģұ֤
ЦЦȻüչţȷʵĵǣǱߡ
ҪҵģҪ˵òˣں˵
ôףüǸңҾƴҲҪҪ˵
𰡣һʱףҪˣ˺ˣҲϡ޹ȥ
УͻˣԺ󲻺˵£սȭͷƣ㲻ίԼеǲң
ƿЦãԭΪԼΪ˹ȫ֡ίԼͬⱻװ
ԼбҪú̸̸ˣĲίʵԭҾͲ£үү̷ҪҼ޵ġ
㲻⣿㶣̫ţҿദͦõİǲǻһȥɽժˣһЩط㡭
ҡ룬пϵ˵Ȼз֢Ҳһ㣬˻ǲġǵûУ޹ȥҵһῴңԺӻܲùġ
Ϊɶ㣿ôܸɣ϶ܰӹãŲɣҪǺ¹ٸ鷳ǵһȥ˵
εҡҡͷǹٸҵ¡ôģҵһֱΪӲǼҡ̻Ҫ˼ôӵ񡣡
ŬǮʱ׼һݷļױ˵Ȼ뵽ԼɶҲûУǸĿڣ޹ȥʱ׼ʲôױԺһ㲹ϡʱҾͲῴˡ
ȻǺܱص˼룬Ϊ£ʱŮˣһӾͻˡ
εЦЦŬһ˵ܸ׼ܷļױ϶ѵҪȢҡһҪ޵ȥѵŮҲҸõˣ
⵹ǡƵȻҵõġʶҡͷȴ־ﲻԣǡ
ûɶǵģԵעףֻ˵ҸûԵ֣ƿŵǾı飬̲סЦˣɱˣз֢أһŮ۸ô죿
԰з֢һ飬Լôˣ
ıʾƣ˵Ķԣܼ޵ȥҪҲզ
õģֻҪ׵ʱӦͺãͨ˵˼빤һ
֣µĵͷУһӦ
ллСһõЦݣе֧ңҿ϶ۼҸԣģʱǾһשߵĴӣҺСÿ˶һԼסʱǰԺͺԺҪյҲԷ¡ԣҲҪǻҪܶܶĵأеʳеֲˣҪԼֲǾ͹֡
ȻøǷӡԼֵضңɼ£ⱲӶʵ֣źƶδӵҲ̲ס¶Цãģ
֪ʱϡͺҲ˹Ƶļۡ
ϵһʾ㣬ʱҿɲһС
ȻԣСǿһԺ׼
ϱֿ˻ֽе̫ÿҿС

89ҵĵ

ҲæҪ󣺡Ѿͷ˷ӱ˸СסУ˵ԺСӳԵġ
ȻҲСģƱ֤Ժ˵ˣһҪСĺģ
УġɶЦʵ
ľǾơ˸ٱȾƵƣ𣬻ζ
ư뵽ֻлԻʱŪСƺȣ˵ζϺˡ
ɲİһ죺úúãʱСҲŪƺȣ
Ƹһ˸֮˶ʱɾʮ㣬
һæµٽʱڰ¼ʰˡ
һԷɣӣʼ
ѵһأҡͷܾˣɩʳҲ࣬һؼҳȥ
С壬°ɣҹһæϲģ
Ҳ˵ǣ϶ġ
£䣬Ҳٿ⡣ĴƤ񡣡
Ҳ϶ӰƳգգۣ³óԵģ
óԵģ۾ʱˣѾͷĿ϶óԣҾ䷹ˣ
к
˵¼ҵһ쿪ҪͳԷģ׳ǹףմմɾڵ״˭
ԷúһЩ
ΪڿҿĬĬôͷиֵԸæġ
ưѿռɵľĢ͵͵һŸǲȻװóϽ͵ҽȥɽժҰˡǾͳɣ
ϿĢһƣж˵ģ
ежеûժûġĢϽһηֱĢûжļ
ϽŽɣƣզ֪ηֱģ
ҽҵİ˳־ͰҡұĹˣҲһڡ
ϹȻˣ̾Ϣ⺢ӻǲǵ˷֢ϧˣ
ǰڸţְľóϿԹ𣿡
ɶںܳ𣿡ϸľȡ
ﲻʶ̫ˣһµʳģƺܸԼֿ׬ȡˣãȻܳԣԳˣҲÿˮһմĩԣ
ĩɶɻ
⣡˵©ˣεЦҲ֪˵ģ
һ˦ң
⺢Ӷ࣡һˣпţǼˣϴȥٵطֻģ̫硣ϧ˰
⻹ǺƵһ£ʮָȤ
һֽϴĢľһʵʲôǸʲôİ
壬ǴһСӣرܸɣ¶׷ɫǰҿɲôԣۼһأĶҲˡʼʱԻĵѧԣһ죬ˣΪҺڣ͵˷ݻơ˵˸ˣ͸ʮӣŹˡͷʮ൱ģҲǿʮӿʼ˺ӡ
ʲôʱһشİƺʵ
ϰѲϴ÷Žﰾţһ߻һ˵ǻҲʮǰ¡ʱҲ꣬÷۵ģرÿǸ˼ҵСӡ
ҵûһ𣿡
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㶣ǸʱҲɣ
ǰôССһӣûûġЩ˶ֲãûþڵƼݵģɿˡҡҡͷƺñ˵ҵǷǲ̫ãǰ˹ȥҺҰˡȻ֢ûκãƽƽĳ˾ͱɶǿ
һ֢ǴСеģİɣ
Ͳ֪ˡǻشʱҾз֢ҶʱĺУˣ˵ȻʶԼŮºҪ޸ˣǵǣƣҪǺӷ˷֢ͻҡǧ˵ˡ

90Ƥ

֪ЦĴӦš
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ûҲûͣƱȥ
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ȥʱʰⰸ塣
壬𣿡վſڣЦʵ
̧ͷȻЩ⣺УǰʣµģҪĻЩ
õİ춼ˣʣµȻ̫ˡ
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ϣӦһһһȥӡ
Ŀ˿ⰸʣ⣬п˱ӵһߵƤ˳ʵ壬ЩƤҪ𣿡
ĶһԲֶնյģЦ۾гһ죬ƤҪþòúһ˶ԡ
û˳Ƥǿ϶ҲûƤƤɣһ壬ЩƤȥԡЩҰɣ
ҲֵǮҪͶȥɣܴ󷽵˵
ҵҲ˵ˣԺҶʮͬ顣
ƽ⣬ʱʱһ㣬ںѾͷ⣬ҲڴƤ˳ˮ顣
ϵǣƾȻܾˡ
壬һɣ˵ԺҪƤأ
⡭ԥһ£ǾʮǮһɣ
Цŵлãлл
ףͱƤҲζ
ʮһʮһƤʮǮһʮĵ˵Ǻܱˡ
ѳƺõķֱãȻְǶƤһ£ȥͷһʮģʮĵˡ
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ﶼź϶زűϺ˳ȥû뵽϶õĲȻôء
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֮ɵˣֶ壬ζҲǼõġ
Ժ󣬺ƾѻƶѿƤˡ
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ڿͶ˳ˣϲֱʿˮ
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Ե㣡Ƶգһʢһš
ĬһҲֳЦԡ
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ڰ¼ңûЩأϡƺͺ϶һԡ
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91Сް

ʱҲļļһĢŽ
˲䣬۾͵Բˣæ˼ʽ޵óԣ̫óˣѾͷͱ˵ɣ
ĢҽӺɽժĵġЦеĽҿյס
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һȻŵɫˣɤ۶ѸղųԽȥĢ³أ
ƺͺ̲סЦ
εӣѾͷɲôŻ˵ģںɶɫɶ㲻˵С嶼ҳˡ
ڵĽľҲںɽɵġƽľָ֮ŻƶƤٺһЦƵģС治ʶ𣿡
ÿӼһƶ˿ǻƶɣǶѿˣܳ𣿡
㳢֪Ц
ҲֱӾͶ
ƶһڣȫûӡӲӲĿڸУִ࣬ζʮֺóԡ
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һߣҲųľʱľôĿڸˡ
˵ĶԺ˿տյ
տգϲˣʳĻƶѿʮ֡
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զֳԼҵȥˡȻΣץסϻؼĵطǵۼûǮ찡

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պֻΪӿڸжѡʼ磬ƹ񣬡ңպǸƹ׼ģδֱӳԭζĳʳ
ƹЩ죺ҲҪԣ
԰֮ǰ˵˰˳ʳƹأͷЦˣСеƤƹô֪ҵĳʳòã
Ƶ˿ĺֺãúƹøб
ãҾͳһƹ񴽽¶һ˿Ц⣬óԵĻӮⳡԼҲġ
ЦýǲóԣˣƹҲһ򣿡
ƹһ㶣Ц˼Сﻹ˼
ʱƾͰպ׼ˡ
ȥʲôδֻǽ˰ĵ˳䡣
һֻм򵥵ΡǡףҪ⣬ϴ֮ɿĹҺպϡ
׼ɣҲӣֱӰ˳Ȼҿ˸ǲ
ƤӨ͸Ưʯг״Ƥջһţۼ
ƹɴ۾̾ǳʳȻ˺ÿ
˰뱲ӣ¥ʮ꣬Ҳδĳʳ
ֱǼδδţ
ԱߺδҲˣ˰죬ǲ֪죺⡭ôԣ
гƬԡ𵶾ҪС
ƹ̲סЩлˣ
ᣡݸһ
ƤһƬƬ£һѹһ类ƵĶŵһڰϡ
ȡһµСӣµƤװΧһȦ
ɣư˫ӣһƣֱӳҲУ߼һմһպϣζá
ƹȲ߹ȥ̵ķһƤŵװպϵպһ¡
ǰɫպ֭ӾӨƤϹ䣬ĺҲ̲ס˶Ȼһҧȥ
˿˿ĿڸУʮȴִһζڿлζ
궯Ļƺһ¾ͱƽˣһ·ˬθƹİ۾
һߵĺδûжЩɻĹ۲Ƥִͣȥš
ǣۺζûиṩ˼·
ʲôδս뿴ƤƻĶʲôֻԼоܰף˵ʲô˻⡣
û׵ĺδӼһƬҧһСڣζŬ
һڣ֪ԼδԹĳʳ
ζڸжǰδУˬˬǶﶳɵıһ㶼һζ
⵽ʲôģ
һʣ̲סҧһڣһ߳һŬԼ֪ĳʳ͸ʳġ
ֱ
δ㲻׼ҽĳʳԹɣ
Ƶ˼еĺδͷһŷСгСʳ˺ƹƷһ֮⣬ྐྵԼһ˳Թˡ
ʶܶʳδʧ̬
δڵĺˣЩȵķ¿ӡ
ƹ񿴳ΣΧСĳʳȷʵζδϲ԰֪ʳʲô֣
δ飬ƹµûгԳʲôҪ⣬δ²̨

97׬ǮǷ

ֿǸʳйءҰ˵δؾͻ³ʳõʳˡЦеĴţתδúδ˵ʳģٱҲ١
δǺ˰춼û˵һ֡
ںΪˣƹ׼ٴΧʱ򣬺δȻˣˣûгʲôʳģңʳҲǵһγԵ
˵Щ˺ƹ񣺡ƹܲȽҶʮӣһỹģģÿ´ҵĹǮۡ
ֳ˺Ƶϣû뵽δһҵˡ
˵˵ϺΣȲƹ˰֣۷Ź˺ƣСڿԸʳ˰ɣ
ƹϺΣûнкδͱ¿˽½
δ԰мĳƹ˵ͷ
Ƥˬı֡
ƹһ£ƤΪν֡
ΪʳǶ챻ı鰡ƿĺƤǸ֣Ƚ˶ֵ
ȷʵ񡣡ƹͬĵͷָвƤ裬Ƥô
ûмűۣǷʣƹô򣿡
ͦ˼ƹ룬˰ƻһ£ط㿴Σ
ʮվںĺ°ͣɴ۾ĳʳֱֶŮĶȻôֵǮ
ȻúԾĻں棬Ϊƾܾˡ
ҡͷ˵رϣʳұҲͷһݣʮ̫٣
ƹˣ٣
Ҳ˰ƻ˻Σ
ȻǺƹ۸ʮ
°ҪˣҲˡ

Ү˭һ£ǲΣ
ѾͷҲ̫Ҫ˰ɣ
ˣƹͺδҲƵʨӴ󿪿һ
̫ˣƹҡͷ۸ǿ𡣡
ֻ¥ƹֲǶң֧Ҫͬ˲С
δƹҪҲŰǻСʳȻϡҲֵôӰ
ұһݣһǿźƹ־ı飬Ц⣬ȫΪ¥һƲˡ֪ȥζ¥ǵƹ᲻Ȥ򡣡
ƹץؼĵط۾һ㻹ûõľ¥ȥ
ûСʵҡҡͷһҲûϼΣʶľ¥ִˡ
ʱûǸ顣
ãƹһ°ƣ͵ĿһۣкСǽ̸
ֻҪľ¥֪ĳʳ¾Ϳ
ƹźơͺȥ˺õ鷿δȻȥȥæԼ¡
õ鷿󣬵õʮ£¥п֮Ȼ෴
ܣһӣľΡ
ϰڷ飬ɨһָۣ鶼У廨ŵġ
аڷµĲߣɰĳɫԿõͷˡ
һڷһ磬û´ĻӦ÷һŴ
ĴƹЦŽܵԭٶҵ鷿Ҫ̸һЩҪ顣
֮⣬ʮӺƤ
Ʋ÷ЦЦҲڣֻźƹó
̬úƹЩѹȻԼԵĺһʮСһŷḻˡ
Ϊ뷨ƹƾֱԭĴ㣬Ǻг⿪Լܳܵļʵֻµ⣬СҪ̫ߣ
˭ü
ٶҡ
ٶںδ
ƹЦһҡͷҾͲ֪ˡٶÿǰ֪һ׼
ͷأ
Ųźƹûٶҵİ취˵˻ǶԷ²ҪٶҰˡ
ƹһ£Ȼ˼ľ̾СﾹȻ˾
ȻҲٶңֻһһҪʱ䡣ƹһ£ʵ֪Ƿȵ𣿡
һ˺Ƶݡ
ϴε»úƹ⵽˺ƵĲ˽´˽һ¡
Ʋ֪ԷǷ֪ҷּҵ£ʱȷʵӣȲ
̸УµľǽԼ㱩¶Է
˵ǣеǳ룬㡣
ȷʵҪӡƺ̹ĳϣЦ˵ΪҼ׬ǮǷӣ

98Ҫֺ

׬ǮǷӣ
ƹƤ֪Ǿ̹ϣΪɸеԾ
˵Ц𣿸ǷӣòôɣƹЦЦ
ҲЦƹô֪Ҫʲôķӣ
ǰҪǸסһٶ˵ĴӣɲҪ𣿺ƹǳ鴤һ£Цݽסǿû̸ˡ
ƹʵҲǷҪɡҲ֪Լļ۸ҪˣҪǳ棬һǮ
ƹ̽ʵǺҪ٣
룬ʵƹһһҪǮ
Ҫʲôˡƹһ£һģʮ㹻ˣһЩģשߵģҪʮˡҲʶһЩյ߽ľҪæҿԸƼˡ
ĻԼĿеķӹƵҪһͼλллƹˣȵҼҸǷӵʱҪ鷳㣡Ƥļ۸񣬺ƹƤҿֻһӡһ֮⣬ѡ񡣡
ʲôѡ񣿡ƹ׵İѼ۸񽵵ôͣæ׷ʵ
һѡһҰƤ㣬ͬʱҲҪľ¥
ƻû˵꣬ƹҡͷϣɲУһһʲô
һƤȨһǾûƤʸ񡣡ĵĽ͡
ƹɵˡ˵ѵӦǸǮôƤʸˣ
ףƱ͵ĸϸˣһƲ˿ٿԴźƹǺġҵƤǶطȻҪӦˡ
һѡأƹһ˵Щܲˡ
ڶѡֻƤǾ¥˵ҿ԰Ƥطǡ׳һ޴ն
ƹ۾һȴɫʲô
ȥƤҪɷֺ죡
һ仰ˮеʯӣƹеľκˡСﻹ˵ȻҪɷֺ죡ʱƤɾ¥ԼԼʲôͿԵϵǮ
ںƹ׼ܾʱ򣬺ֲһ仰ȻֺҲǰáһʳ֤ұһ޶ʱ¥ͿԶ༸Ʋˣ
һ޶ĳʳ༸Ʋˣ
λεնҵĺƹͷĿѣԾ֮վ㻹ʲô
ܶࡣû˵ֻЦϵͷ
Ͽźƹ˵ҶɶóԵˣ
ô֤ԼĳʳһǶһ޶ģΪƲˣûôסƹһֻ£ԼһҪס
˵Ҳǻ켣ⳡʮˣôôסʧˮ׼
ưЦܱ֤ʳһ޶Ȼǿտս֡ͣ˵ƹ
տƾƹ㲻ҲġƷϵָû˼棬˵ȸһӣƤԺֻһҡʳٰһգֻʱҶҪȥķֺ죬ɣ
ɣƹһĿ˺һۡ
Сɲ򵥣
ÿһѡ񣬶Ƽ򵥣ȴӰԶ
ɷֺɷֺ쿴ֻһ㣬ɳ˵ǿɾǼټǧˣ
⡭ôѡ
ƹľˣѡƺʸҪٶҡ
һߣƵֱڿһԪ
Ѿͷֱ̫ˣʳȻͿҪüӣȻѾͷԣ
ʱиӼᶨҪźµ
ںϣͳΪ˺ƵСβͣŶʲô˶óԣʲô¶ǶԵģ֮
ƿƹüë嵽һȥˣЦЦƹ룬Ҳ
˵꣬תͷһƵĴϵ飬һָĵôӡ
ա
ûӵһһµķ·ںƹͷͬʱЩǡ
ͬˣٶ֪ԺԼһЩֻԼƹλöҪˡ
ǲͬ⣬ȥ˰ζ¥Ժ¥ֻҪһǧˡ
ĸѡԼܶ䲻˺á
Խ룬ƹԽǣͷð˵㺹顣
ȽϺƵƵᣬһнеģⳡ̸Уƹȫ·硣
ںƹ¶Ҫ𸴣дʾٶҵʱȻһϲ޵
Ƥʲôʳôδҳ

99¾¥ٶ

ٶңƹһ£Բ͵ٶվܵ档
Ҳһû뵽Ȼˡ
󣬺ƹ߶߶ʲôʱģôû֪һҺð׼Ϣĵط
ʱǸٶں˵Ҳʱ⣬ߣ׼ˡ
˵Ǹٶƺ˸Ƿ˯һ˵ʲôƤʲôʳȻֵôӣҳ
һСĳʳƹشȻѹ˵˼仰
һλٶұ߳ˡ
߳˲䣬Ӷ·ࡣ
üĿݰףټֱŮӻҪƯ
ǸղƼֱҪٶаŮװˡ
ȻñŮӶҪƯٶҵΪֹȴһ㶼ûдҹģ
Ьһһ߳źʵƤأóҳ
ٶұ˵ڣ;û뿪ҪƤ
λҲһԻ
ֻҪǳԻǾͺðˣ
ƿλٶңо񿴵ҡǮЦеĴ˳ƿǲƤպպϣζѣ
պպϺóһЩƹ׿ڳˣҲΪ֤
ٶҴսϸĿƤ棺ʳÿպ
ƹ㼱æȥȡպϣ˳Ѹղźõİ塢СӶ˽
Ҳ˵һʾٶƷ
ٶҲֱӼһƤͶ
һڣ۾ɿĳ¶ǺּһƤպպ֭ٴƷ
˷һһСƤ㱻һ˳ˡ
ٸе㣡ٶҰһ죬ֱĶʣƤ
øǲסˣˣһҪŸζ¥˳
ζ¥ٶһۣУ˵Ǿ¥𣿡
û˵áƹһֱûӦ޹̯ʼ硣
ٶİ壺Ƥˣ
ٶô򣿡ƿʵ˵ѡѡһ֣
ѡ񣿡ٶƹ
ƹæѺ֮ǰ˵Ļظһ顣
֮ٶƵ񶼱ˣСѾͷôƺĶˣ
ƣƽˡԱš
ٶûӵĹ⻬°ͣҹ㵱¥ĶԸ⣿һ¸㿪ʮӵĹǮ׻Ǯ㿴Σ
ʮӣ͵͵ͱͱƵıʾӦ
ɺôᱻʮӴ򶯣ĿǸ°
ٶǴһֺ̣һطӣ൱ںüĹǮأһм״
طһξûˡݹȴԳȥٶҼȰ˵
ҡͷʮ꣬һһʮӣʮҲһǧӡط͹ˣʮꣿ
仰ٶҺͺƹ޵ĽһСȻбط
һ£ٶİƤˣ㿪ǻҪϸ̸̸
ðһϴģ̸㲻̸
̸Ʋʶλ¥ٶҲٶңѹСС;ͿԶԴеľ¥⡣
¥ٶīʮꡣ
˵ǴұĻϣҲۺ
Ҳֻʵмҵ׵ļ壬ŻСС͵˵Դ⡣
Ӻī̸УƲ²īҵĵλߣǼֵʱ
Ѳ£īӣôܵôƫԶı߳¥Ҫǣ¥һҶҪͰζ¥
ңҼȻ˳϶ǻĳɾжΪܷõı׼
Ȼƴīĵף֪˶Է㣬īҲܿץס˺Ƶš
Цĵ˺Ŀǰһ㣺ҪŸǷӣ붬ûˣòҵķû취ɣ
һߣޱȺԼ¶һ㡣
ȻǸȡ裬ȻҪóĳ
ǣīͺƶһڰѺö
¥һ֧һԷƤһɾÿȽһΣƽƤطĽ¥ðƤط˻ƤԼƤʳó⡣
ǩ֮ڣÿҪ¥˵Ĳף˱Ǵұһ޶ġͬʱ׾¥һһɾ
󣬺²Ҫۣͬȼλ¥ȹȨ

100±

޺ȹȨǺģΪľǰīġ
ɺܼ򵥣һֱԴԴϵ²ףóľǴұһ޶ġ
Ƕһ޶һĲƸī֪
ÿףҲʮҰĵī˵ȻԶԶ
ԣԺȹȨԵʮҪˡ
٣īеףԺһ²ףǾ¥žԵơ
ǩã˫ӡѺʽЧˡ
ͬʱīܴ󷽵úƹȡһȸƣպƵҪһһʮһʮʮɢ
ƹʱ򣬰ѺδöʮҲһͬ˺ơ
˹İպúīָָʣƤ㲻ȥľ¥ˣп˰ɣ
⻰һ˵ղ̸ʱĻҩζʱɢǢ˺ܶࡣ
ֵ飬Ȼͷͬ⣬ȴȥˡ
ղۣȻҪ̬ȺãǺ飬ͷԽˡ
ƹƤȥƬƱúźϳȥرһ¡
鷿ʣī˵ʱ򣬲ŽƤķ˵˳
ʲôƤģô򵥣īĿɿڴ
Ƶͷ԰
ô򵥾׬һīҪץΪʲôǰû뵽Ƥ԰Ƥֶ
¶ĪЦݣٶңһĲطǻۣ
ǻۣī˼
ȴ˵һ⣺Ƥ򵥣ԱܾͱȽˡʱ¥ôƤ϶סˣ֪ٶ׼ô죿
⡭ī룬֪ƤģַûôŪʱƤӦøͬɣ
ƿ佱ƤȡΪˮƤΪӨ͸ǲַûҸ˵ЩôƤȻǻǵģûۣҿڸҲһЩ
īоֵֹģԼȴһֳڴھ֪ʶĸо
ƿеʴʺܿīָо׵Ժ󣺡ˮʲô
һӨ͸û뵽λûˮֶתķɿ죬ˮԺɱ־Ө͸ĺƯҸˮǲǺУ
īȻĵͷȻУã˾ͽˮƤ
ƣīٶ׺һЩȴԷĽ
һֱ뿪ûлöõϢ
ƹǰƽ𣿡īܾСȻģ̸²ףá
ƹҲɻ󣺡֮ǰȷʵǰƽˣ;¥õͬһġ
ȥҵʲôֳʲô¡ī΢΢𣬶ԺʮָȤʲôԭСＱ׬ǮǷӣЩôأ
һߣƴźͺ뿪¥׼ȥ伯Уȴס
Ѿͷȥɣһ˵һ߽ĻܣΧʱ˰Ѻƻߡ֪Ѿͷһ׬˶ǮɹδѾͷľʮأ
ͰӶŵռˣֻһװżʮǮĺɰȫı⡣
ЦĿźǲľԱģʵС壬ôȥˣǹһ䣬ûʲôö
㻹˼䣿զôأѹϽȥɣһˣС岻һù
ƱЦС壬ɵ㣡ֻҪɵ֪ǮˣģҰպˣᶪģ
Ѿͷ¿ãĻֻ֪ն񣬵һҺСм䣬ǧȥ˶ĵط
ģƵЩ΢СôŵģҲûп˵Լӽţ뷽跨Ľͷա
ò˵ЩжС壬
ɶôֹӱ͵£һʱûзӦ
ȥӰɣ¶һЦС壬ģȥЩʳõľͻؼң
Ȼпռ֣͵ʱӦþܾĺ⡣
ڹ֣Ժʱ򻹶أһ죡
ңﻹڷԺôӦþȥԼ׬Ǯ˵Ϣǡ
ôţЦøӿһѽСϱСϣ߶ɶ㶼򣡡
ӣ۾һˡ
ãӣأ
룺㣬ԸһǺ«𣿡
Ȼԣƴ󷽵ӦšڵǱȫǺ«һһ

101¿Ը·

ӹܹԼԼ룡
ʲôʳͳͳһ
󣬱ơԱĺ;Ǻ«ĺϣ˴һѶȫţ緵˰ƽ塣
ԭƵ˼ǹһȥúȥȫк
˭֪ȫһҪȥҪǻȥ˵Ҳϸɵȵ磬һٻʱҲü
ѲֻôӦ
ƣôôණȫǾŵˣһɨʹŹ˺˶Ǯɰǡ
Ҷոշּңͷ϶ܽѾͷǰǳ׬ǮҲסô
ЦŴȫҲ֪ǸշּңʲôûУҾ;Щȥʡһһڡ
һΣҪʳһЩõĹưȵȡ
ô࣬òǮɣȫ̾ƣ¡ǸշּңԺӻأǮ»Ʋ
ȫ壬֪ΪǺãĺ⣬лȻصĴյǰС˵ȫ壬ܣ
ǸӣȫεЦЦϵʵʲôܣ
ҽȥ¥׬һǮ˵꣬ڳһ佱ĵ״
һƴʹɫҪ˵
΢Цҡҡͷʾû¡
ȥ¥ֵҲסҹǷô£϶嶼ܲµõ׬Ǯھ̹ϵȫ
ȫûаѺ˵׬Ǯ£Ϊȥ¥ǳˣԱ߸ϳЦǺǵʵȥ¥׬Ǯǿ϶׬˲ٰɣ
԰׬˸һӵǮأƺܵ˵
ȫһЦ˳ư֪һҪǮ𣿡
֪һأ˵ţͺϼۣƹ˵һͨķҪʮשߵĺ÷ӾҪʮ
࣡ǷҪüʮӡȫȻʶʲô͵ضסתͷƣ׬˺üʮ
Цݵĵͷ԰Ӧùһӣ
һӣ
û˵ǸͨĻשߵĺ÷ӣȫҲѾǺ˲õˡ
ô׬ģȫеѿڶʶԼʵĲ̫ʣεЦûû£㲻ø塣ҪźãŪˣ
˵꣬ñӳţƨһ£ߴţЩߡ
ƲΪ⣺ȫ壬ʵҾȥ¥һԼĳʳ컹ִ磬Ҳܼƹأ
ʳɰȫ˵зִ磬ʵĶôϣֿϣ߽һЩȢ
Ʊúܲ˼Ц룺ȫ壬һҲҪˣһҪǼҳԷҵգ
ѾͷҪɶóԵģ˸СһݣϽѡʶѾͷĳʳжôֵǮˣԼŻ췹׬ˣ
εЦС壬һˣȻ
⻰ʱѿЦˡ
ﳤм񣬵ȽϺ񣬶ƽóʲͬ˵ĸоͲô
ɵǺǵһЦ¶ֺ̬͸ʮˡ
ȫȻ˵ԣɼܲסƵ룬һһܹ֮׬ǮҲִæԱԷԱл⡣
ȫţ϶ѵģȴֻ˺ơͺˡ
ټţһ·嶫ͷҶߣȻܶ²⡣
Ҷ˼ҷˣ㿴ţϵĶֻû²
˵Ҷʵ۸ҿҲȻ
Ϲ˵ʲôǺҶ̰ڵĸɻּҸЩҲӦõģûǰһҲû߶ʳ𣿡

۷׷ףʲôĻ˵
Ϊҷּҵľϸڲûж⹫Դ󲿷ִȻ֪嶫ͷĶغǼӹ˺ҶϺӶӾͲôˡ
ĬΪţЩʳþ߶÷ּҵġ
ɱ˲Ϻͺ̫̫βֻ֪أ
ȻЩլЩ˵ĶȻٷ粨
ʱơͺ˲ûпǵ˿ô룬ֻһζ˷ܵĳ嶫ͷ׼һľϲ
ææʰӵڿţţϵʱȷʵһæӭ˹ȥƣСϣզôͻˣ
׬Ǯϲ֪׬˶٣ȴѺ˵ܸ·ӵĻ
ţϱȥȷɿĳȥкţ˵ۼҿԸ·

102붨ϱ

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޵Ǻ«źϺͨͨСԵøϲ졣
ﲻԣСųԣϳЦЦȲţĺƣƣզ£С˵ʲôǷӵǮ
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ΪţֻһֶǺģȫġ
ֱţϵĶжʶȻһţĶԼҵġ
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ܼѾǰƽȽϺõ˼ˣһȫҲֻ׬ʮС
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Ȼ˵ҲʵδĳƤƤƳģԷ֪ҲһƤǳӵطںɽûʲôˣʱҲָǳ׬ǮδҲν˵Լ˵ǰһ
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˵ĴסˣԼ֪Լԭô࣬ҶѾͷһһϡ
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һΪͬһģȽϷģһԭʯ߽ĹǮҪıˡ
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ȥǶ𣿡ƲƲ죬аѾͷСôණȻŲ

105»լ

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ǵǣ촽˶˵ƣһȥ
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㡭ϵĵĲˣȴֻ˵һ䣬ȥء
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һ·ϣƹŲÿͷߴٵʱ˵ҵûãӦô磬үү˵Ҫ£ҲҲȥСܲϣҵûߵүүҾιȥɣ
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̣ҵǴ𣿡ҪˣֲĿŵ档
Ȼǻ괩ģԺϺͺ̫̫ûи飬ռźƵ壬͵õ˼ҵŮ
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һֱǸʵˣԵѡ
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106

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ֲɵӣ֪үү̴ԼҶӵʱɵİѼҵױ¶ȥ
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үү㵽˵ʲôøȦӣֱʵ
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ʳˣ̣Ķʳģѵ㲻Է̾һ˻ŷּҸǵʳ׬ǮʳТͲǳԶʳˣ
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˵Ϻ̲ס̾˿һκڰѶ˳ȥǣ϶Ժ󵽵ܸܲɻ֪أ
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ϺЦЦѾͷŮԺˣТҲһТ𣿡
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107

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Ĭ˼룬ɳƵ˵ҲǲϣղҾ˵ˣʵòôӣܲһЩ
٣Ϻ׷ʡ
ٴγĬЩᡣ
˵ʮֻµͬ⡣
Ͼʮ͵ʮһô࣬ʵǡ
ʵʮĶıһʮôأ
ڣϺ̾˿϶Щµֻǲ˵ôסҵΪʲôֵģҲǷּҵأѾյˣͻɵܾþôǶֳȥĲ̡
ּͻô죿һ㶣漴ʶϺȻҪЮǡ
ȻԼȻĻô˵أүүɡ
ټϽԼߵĴһѶլ۲ˡ
Ϻ⻰˼ԣͺ̫̫ϵӣôּҾͲˣ
ʵϣƺ뿪ӦʮֻҪ˦լЩˣɻЩǮסǵ졣
ǣкڣ⻰ֲڡ
ףԼֶδʹּ£õнᣬܾöԲүү̡
ͬҲ׺Ϻл˵ʲôζ
Σɬ˵£ҵûȥ
УͻȥɣϺҲͱˣѵּԺȥ㡣
áվ׼ߡ
æȥסĸ첲
վס̫̫ͻȻǾôˣ
ɶ£һãȻ
̫̫ϵɤţ˵ɶ£ôණ֪ТТϵģ뱻˴𣿡
һţأƶˣЦ˵̣ûʰޡܵøǵʱ££ùТɣ
ҿѾͷԶʳɣ̫̫˸ۣѹ˵ʡ
Ҳûָţֻ˳Ļ˵Ǻң˭Զʳ˭ͻóӣ̣ҿɲҳԶʳأ

108°

ںң˭ԵĶʳࣿ
ǷǺĪˣ
⻰ں̫̫УǾ͵ͬ
Ȼӣ⻹ˣ
̫̫ըëˣޣ˺Ѿͷ죡ԼóӻˣĸεҪģ㣬ҹ㣡ˣ
һ˵һץɨҪ¿ȥơ
ʮί̣û˰˵ĳԶʳó𣿡
˵㣡ѾͷԶʳƤӣ̫̫治ǺƵĶ֡
ÿκ仰ͼĺ̫̫˵˾ˣҪͶ֡
ƫƫϵı黹Ϊ޹һḶ̌ͣҴûԹʳģҿԷģ˭Զʳ˭óס
һֻû˵̫̫ĿɨѾɹˡ
ѾͷٸҺ˵˵
ɨһ´˺ƵĶǣͷӴһ
ﱻһæʵƣôĶˣõ
ûû¡ҡһԴŶͷûз
̫̫ԼڴѾͷжˬˡ
źüģֻ˵˭Сʱûˣ󣬻򲻵ˣ
Դզ˸ŭ
˲źأ̫̫ţû仰˵Ʋ£ܴˣ֣ҿҪܰЩӴٵ㣬һöأ
զƲŮ𣿡ĵ׷̲סʵ
̫̫ޡ˿ĭҺ޲ûŮѾͷ첻Ҳģҿҵģɨǣ
ۿ̫̫ҪŶͷɫףƣؼҡ
ˣͷˮȴŬ¶һЦԼߣȻؼҰɣ
ãӦһ̧һ̵ֱĺϺӹʧ֮ɫˡ
˵꣬źƱߣǿûٿ̫̫һۡ
뿪ıӰ̫̫ʮֳ죬ôûѾͷô֣
ˣǵֳŸˣϺ³һ̣ҡҡͷҪǰѾͷôֻ¾ò
ҹأҪǸҲӣҾȥ϶Σ̫̫ţĲ˵ڣѾȥŸ״εʤˣ
ϺĿ㵱ҿ֪ŵųı߿𣿻״ҲŻŻ϶ɣ˵ˣ϶Σɶã˰²̫
㲻㲻ɶּͬң̧̫̫ܡ
Ϻµ˵ֻؿڷƣֵͷ
һߣһһúưÿҪͷϵˡ
ԥһ£ͷÿ¶׵Ķͷ
￴ͷĴ۵Ĳˣ촽Űο£ƣơ°ָʲôë
ۡ죬Ứۿת
ŮѵøһأǿСģúĶˡ
Ǻ׵ĶͷԼϵϼĥʹֻæҵ˵ǵ㴵Ͳ˰
˵꣬СźƵĶͷȻŵʵƣõû
öˣΪЦõúСİ취Լɣ־ôһϴֵĺɵΪȻرů
ŮһլʱУ˴˲嶫ͷߡ
кĿƶͷĴ̲סѾͷԴզˣզôϸأ
ﲻ˵Ǳãֻ̾
Ҳ˵ֻۺˮҡҡͷһɶµģ
ɾŮ˵˶ۿǴӺլȻµóǱլ˸ˡ
ЩȥĴ˵ȥʱ򻹺úõأզԴôһ
ǰѾͷǲЦʺơ
һ޹״ûүү˵ּÿҪʮϣȻ̾ҪȥŸҵТأ
ʮϣ
ĴǶһϺͺ̫̫˵óڰ
˵ƽˣǴƽϣҲû˭˵ּһʮϵİ
˵ˣҷּҵʱŸ˶ٶǵʳһȥת۾öʮҪѶ˶Ͼ·
ЩֱڿĴ̲ס˵ҪʮϣǰԼ˼ҵ̫үҲԼûǸ
ҲǺҵ£˲ÿڣί飺ʮҲ̫ˣﰡûٸ𣿡

109»Ǻ˶

ڳ˵ûһ˾øʲôԵģ
ϾΪŮӦӦֵġ
ֻǣĿҲŮܳܵ˵İ
Ϊүүܲһ㣬ԡȻȥȻŶͷ˵ˡ
⣬û˵ڵĺ仰ʱɶ
ԭ˼Һ϶ǲϸϵӣõ㣬ɺ̫̫ǲɣԾͰѾͷˣ
ֿݰ
һʱ֮䣬ͺƵĿͬ
̯ĳҲûа취°Ѿͷᣬֻǰװˣ
ЩԸֱĴֱ˵϶̯ƫֲĵ㵹ù
ǣѹͲ·
ҲЩ˱żҺ˵뷨Ȱ϶㻹ǺúøɣּˣҲǵĶӣѵǻıһˣɶ²ģ
ǰɶ²ܺú˵˵ܻа취ģҿүҲǲ˰
ƴȴǷŭѡ
һЩϲϡ࣬źƣҺ˵ȵȵµ壬ȰҪȣҪݣҪƽϵȵȡ
Լǰλĳλ֪Ա˵ģⰤһѪûɾأ˹Ȱ㰥ѽҪȣҪƽϡ㣿
˵ϺȷʵȺ̫̫ڴһֱֵ㲻
Ǻƺ֪ϺĽڲԼصʱһϻߺҪԺ뷽跨ĴǶϹһƤ
ʱһͷռˣȺ̫̫˸¡
Щ˵Ȱ⣬пԡΪӣ˵ĸĲǣҲ֪Щ˿˵ڵǾвͨġ
ĵķҪﶥʱƺȻ˵޵ǲҪȥүү˺òãϴүүεѪ̴ֱ򡭡Һ¡̻ҡ
ءүү˵ǮҼ޹ȥ֮ӸģҼ޹ȥ϶취ҪӸүүģǲҪȥүү˺òãءҲ
ƿ޵ޱȣȴİЩ췢ºͺϺĴ˳
ǲϸϺͺ̫̫һξһΣһûؼҶ֪
ôһޣЩȰ͵ĴҲɫڨڨĲÿ˵ˡȰĻȰ˼ҸŮȥˣ
ʵڲУɣи¶֮ɫ˵
Ʋͷ͵͵һۣ˵ϱԸֱˬϲ򱧲ƽ
һԴںſ֣˵ҲԼ˵û
飬ס
ҵһѣҲ׷׸ͣԣզģҲǻ˱
⡭Щ̫˼Լҵȥ鷳
͵͵½Ȼ̧ͷмĳһ˵ллλô£ҪؼҸ
Ȼֲ˲ϵˮ˵ʵ˼ңҵТ˳үү̵ģҲλ֮ǰǳӣԼĳʳȷʵ׬һЩǮҸոһЩ׼ʳͷһһӡҲ֪ҼסĴ©磬춼û
ʳסҪǷӵҲס԰Щ˵̵档
˶֪û취Ҫǲݣһ˶Ҫˣ
ѰǶǲףͬĶƹȴǿСֻúҶʵںܲס
ǰҪʲôҪæĵط֨һ
ʲôʱӣһׯںģǿԵģ
ﰡǧҿһ

˻ʮִģ׷׳ԣúͺʮָж
ͷظ˵лллл
Ҳ뿪ĻмĳΧĴ˸ллǶǺˣлл
ְοǸŮһӣȻĿ˻뿪
Σ֪˭̾Ϣһ϶õˣҪ𣿡
ҰӴ
ŷּң׷˼Ҫӣǡ
Ļû˵˭˭ǣһﶼд𰸡
Ҳ룬϶Ÿĺȴипţλ棬Ǻ˶డ
տվţˣˣˣô˵˶డ
Цشܵõô˵ĹģܵҲֵˣ

110λ

ںƵ˵տղͬ
ֿտյĿУûʲôܱ˵İΣҪ
տպܷŭˣЩλ˾Ȼܶһǹʱ򣬰Ƕɱ
ƣ
ƣտհʲôôѪȱô֪
տգˣտҲƽλ桭
ƴտգȻѾôҾҪλ档УԶҪСκһλ˵ǻۣһܶһɱҲδؾӮˣ
˵Լҵÿһν棬ûռϷ
տȫΪҪֲλ棺ˣȿռż㹻˾ͿԻȥ˰
ƣΪżôף㿴ҪɶûɶּҶôһ۵ģô
տձʵƿԣıʾˣгպͿռ֣ܻᷢ¸İ
Цǰֻϣܻ¸ʱҲＸ죬йٴΣˣ׼ҵСͽˣ
տվˣģǧҪȥҪˣտҲɢģء
ƣΪǵңԭǵԼɢ
տգˣ˼Ҳܵ
ƣɣϣ´Σյʱ㲻һֲ㣬รߣ
տίˣˣҲ밡ֲ㣬տӡ
ƣͣͣͣˣԼȥɣҪأ
ʱƺͺѾߵ嶫ͷ¼ңԶԶ㿴ſϡ
͵ȥլһܵġţ̾˿
Ŀѯʡ
ݿɬ⡭զ˵
ŮһլŮĶͷͱôߣһҪϵ£ĸ˻һ
Ǿò˵Ůｲ̽ʵ
Щԥҡͷˣչ֪ġ
ߵĺѾȲӭ߹ˡ
û߽Ϳ˺Ķͷƣզˣզôߣ￴
һ˵һһ·СܵƸǰϸ
һ۵Ĳˣᶼˣ⡭զôƣۻ˰ɣզ£
죬׻ûаѺ̫̫˵˵
ǺưЦû£Ͳˡ
ôۣܲôˣ۵һ§סžµ
ﲻ˵Ҳµ϶ȥլŪ˵ġ
լִ˵ģ˺̫̫˭
޵ģҪοȴ챿Ĳ˵ؼҰɣޣ˿Ц
㻹֪˻ῴЦһըˣĵɹȥŮզЦˣεʱզЦѪʱզЦ֪Цˣ˵
ﱻһƵʻɵˣ֪ϱôһ档
Ʊ¾ͰһҪ֪˵Ҫʮּӵ£ǡ
ﲻȥˣֻܿ͵͵
ƱϽΧϵĸ첲²ֵҺۣҲܴ磬ȻؼҰɣ
ĵȻҲź壬æӦţؼҡ
ɵӡ
ϸŵĻƣðѺĻƶһ£ûзڵĻӡ
ƻǻһҪ˹ȴڿƶͷϹİʱסˡ
㣬ͷôİˣǲ̴ˣΪӣϿûôǣֱӾͰ˵˳
ںεĿ
ϵզˣƣ˵ˣ
Ҳû˵˵æ̬
ϲģɶ
ҡҾɤеɣⲻûˮ𣿡Ͱ͵Ľ͡
ڼѵÿֺϵʱ򣬺̲סһЦ˳ָϽȥ㵹ˮ
㣬ȥˮˣܶæµСܡ
ССöŵˮţæ˹ȥ
ϲ׷ʣﲻɳһ
ԱֻС˵ڿɲǷɵʱӵ£㻹û˵أ
һѣĶʱüͷĶˣƣզ˵Ҫ֪ˣû׼Ĵǻҡ

111Ϸ

ңƺᵽѼҵ£ԲɺʵѼĶôûӡ󰡣
ļѼҵӡģ˵ʲô
˵ϻûлعңҵ١
ƱΪѼǱûˣѼҶϾ˹ϵ
˭֪ﾹȻðһĻҵĻ
ѵ֮ǰĲ²ⶼˣ
ܿ죬Ϊ˻
ԭϸҵĹϵܺãǽԺǱ߻˹ͶǼΡɺ̫̫ϵȴӭÿֻЩĻ񣬻ϵ䳰ȷģǱ߾Ͳ߶ˡ
ϼ޸Ժ󣬾ͱĻعһңǻǻƵʱ
Ϊͷһ̥Ů̫̫ûɫȵƵʱ򣬺̫̫˽ǸŮϴϣں̫̫мΪѣȻû˵ŮԺ̫̫ıҲΪɷĳĬʮģһ֮±ҡ
ǺӲҵ˵ѹͲ
˵£Ʋ֪Ȼ£Լͳˣ̥ˣ
겻ѵʱ򣬶ˮϻˣʵʲôأ
ʹɫʾǧղ˵£ʡĹϵĻ
ƻգۣ˵Ҹ˵ղȥլ¡
һæ׷ʵȥҪɶǲǷּҵͻˣ
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һ⻰˼Ͼ֪׼û£ɼЦһĹҪСˣֻˣ
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Ůǿм޵ȥӹĿģÿʱƼݵģƫƫ̫̫κ˽Ӽá
ŮƱȸҶף˵ұϾз֢˭֪ɶʱ򷢷ʲô
СӺϣȺ£ɺʼˣܹϣ̬ȣͲС϶飡
ƾʲôƾʲôǶʹãһȣ
ƫҲôƫɣȫǶţ̲ס˵˳
æʹɫأ˵
ôˣѵ˵ĲԣϷţɵҲûм˵⡣
￴ȶԺ˵ƣȴܵܳȥ
մ˵뷨¾ӦС
ɺƲô롣
ãھҪϴԤ룬С֪լЩǶôıӣԺǧҪլԿϵˡ
ǣЦ˵ҸСȥ˵˵
źϳȥˣŷӦ㶿ϣңƸղ˵˼ǡҪСϣ
զģɶ˵²С֪ΪԺϺͺ̫̫ԹſҲ˳ˡ
Σ㿴㣬һû˵ɶƢˡ˵˲Ƣ𣿡
ƽͻݣƢºͣ漱˷Ҳ
ݲôѺϺҪӵתģһߺźϵ˳Ϳʼæ
һѿҪˣҪæŰѵڶҲϣʡĵʱϻˡ
ָŽԼõĶ㣬ЩӶǺõģһһģ
СϿܸɣС϶óԵģ
̫ˣ۾ʱˡĳʳرóԣ˵κνҪã
׼ǻƶͷľһЩ
ԭһѻƶĳʳܶ࣬ƫƫޣһʱʲô
Ҫĥȣȴûʯĥ
Ҫȴû㶹±ˮ
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ҲļԲȶֻһһ
һ׼һ߰ѽ췢լһһʮĸϽˡ
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꣬СĶˣ㣬̴㣡㲻ǸҲҪɵվ̴զأ
û뵽һע㲻ԺҪүүӵ£Լܵˡ
һ㶣Цˣ㵱ʱûӦһΣ϶ÿ
ţһΣСϱ㣡֣µ˵
ƿĵһƬˣǲҪǿбСȥԺЩˡʲô£ˣ

112ռ

֪θ˵ģֱʱϵɫǺѿ
͵͵ʹɫ취ȰȰϡ
Ȼ͵͵ʹɫ
һľ͵ɵ˵㳢ɺó
Ӷĵģϳ˳ǣ¶ǿЦݣСϣóͶԵ㣡
ҳԣҲԣŴ˵
ϵͷñͷġ
޽Һûйһ˳ĵӣҺۣĵĶŮ
ΪۿˮϼæͷһڶӼиԼĲˡ
ľˬͼζһĿǻﲼʳζⲻԭ˼֡
ͬʱյ˿տյʾϲˣµĲľƷʮ֡
ľ֣ƶͷȴûʾѾƷˡ
Ʋ⣬ʵտգжˣ
տգˣһʮ֡ǷʮֽռȼΪһ
ƣʲôڿռȼ㼶
տգˣ֮ǰΨһõĶʮֶһ˵ء콫ռ弶տղڿռʵ廯
ƣߺߣʵ廯ô·ɣ
տգأԩտҲΪðռ䲻Ҫʳ߲˾ûа취һ
ƣʲôҪʳռ䣿ô£
տգˣǰռֱӾ弶ģԵͼĶһˡڣҪ߲ʳͼٻʾͱ뽫ռȼһңһҪʮ֡
һ㶣ϲٷһͿԶһ̫ˣô˵
տգˣǷʮֽռȼΪһ
ƣǡ
տգϲˣѾռȼΪһʣʮ֡Ƿֶʮ㽫ռȼ
ƣûǰɣ
տգˣտֻǰѯʡ
ƣȱæҳ극пյʱúġ
ƿûǣԼڳԷһҪأ
֪һͿԶһٻʵ»ܸ˵ģΪζܿҪˣ
ϣΡ
ȻʮֿɿζȻûϵɫת
ʮһʯͷѹؿڣãϺͺ̫̫ѹûǶһ·ǣ
ԹѺƺͺ֧ʹȥȴϳˡ
ôӳȥɶŲܶǰɣһźƣһźϲߡ
ɫΣҲû˵ȥ氡Ҳͦů͡
Ķȥţϲ֣ɶ»Ҫӣһӵ£͵һ
Ҳ˵ղʱѾȥүүҵ¶С˵ˡ
´Ҫö㣡̬
ƿ޵͵͵˸ĴָϱЦ
һϱӶô˵Ҳû취ˣֻ̾ʵȻ֪ˣھô飬˵զ
զģʵ
ͷЩΪѣ˵ּˣϿ϶ǵøүүģʮҲ̫ˡҾ˼Ҫٵ㡭
ٵ㣿٣ܸɣϴĻ˵
ҧҧǲҲû취˼Ҫʮ
ʮЦһʮǲǾ׬ǮˣҲˣǮ׬ģ
ﱻ˵Ĳ֨ˣԼҲõ׬ЩΪ顣ǣҲûбİ취
Ƶν׬ǮۼҵİҪûæûе֧֣Ҳ׬ЩǮ
УǮԼúŵױɫ˵Ҫⷿʵû˵ʲôҲǮǷӡ
֪ΪԼã̲ס˵ｿе׬ǮﻨӦõģѵҲҵ𣿡
ͷ᣺֪Тġ׬Ǯ˼ҵطʱ˰˼ǷǮ͹ȥһΣһ׬ô࣬һξδôˡǲүү̵θڣԺô죿
ƺ˵ԼԺ󻹻׬ܶܶǮģĵҲ˵ǶԵġүү̵θڣʮһοܾͻҪһ
˵̰һ޵׶ԶҲ

113

һҹҶĵĵ͵ƣ
գǾȷּͻʱҲһ֤дϵ顣
ӣǾÿϺͺ̫̫ʮ
ĿǺԼġ
˵ʮϺͺ̫̫϶Ҫ֣ʱ֪Ҫī졣
ڣϽ˼ұīҪĶࡣ
ֻҪӽ⣬ǾͶ⣡
ŮĻϵҲӲˡǿһʮϣǷƽ嶼ûһңƽҲм˼
Ϊһ۵̫ʮ룬Ҳûоҿտѯʿռ±ֱ˯ˡ
Ƶӱ׼ʱ
ĸ磬ʱѾ緹
ƣϼ߽ЦǰСҲɣϴ׼Էɣ
С϶˯ɣأۺϣ᲻ý
Լմλʱ򣬾ѿһĺӸԼһů⡣
ڣԸӱĶСϺãһۡ
ϺЦĿһۣ͹ɣкô
СϲŲ˿϶ܸɣƷ
Ҳ粵Уܸɣȥʰʰްɣ
˸ʢˮȻˢմЩΣʼݡ
λ϶ûˢ֮ĲƷҲܴ˼׵ˢࡣ
Ҳв˼ҲˢҲΣֱݡ
֮ǰǶҲģ׬Ǯһ¾ǰЩƷˣһĿȫˢ
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죬Ϻ͸̫̫ҪʮϺͺƱ̫̫˵ѾڴﴫˣȻҲ֪
ƽܵţ֪˶Է⣬ԥĴӦ׼·ȥҡ
ϱһ߰·һ鲻Խ߶Ҳ̫ˣƫƫҲͰˣھȻҪһʮϣ׼Ѷӱ𣿡
ˣ˼ҵ£˵䡣ԺϺͺ̫̫ҲʮֲΪԵϺҵ£ҲϣʲôõĻԼϱﴫȥ
ϱƲƲ죺ȫ嶼ڴͻңҿɸ㣬Ѿͷ֮ǰɰִæ˼ȫкˣտŵ㣡ɱúҶԴˣ
֪֪·ãڰ־뿪ˡ
Ȼú̫ˣúϺǿŮⰲƽԺˣĴŮ˭Ǵޣ
ϵҵʱ򣬻ûžﴫ˺̫̫ڿ˵ʮһǮ٣ҪȥŸΣ
ʱ˼֣߹ȥŶ룺ɩҪţðҪҪҽȫţȥ
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϶˵ʵǲûôأҲּ֪Ϊô˵˵ǾȥСӿ˵ϺָĿ˺һۡ
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114ºѰ

ϵһε潲ϺĻ˻ȥϺԾĵɴۡ
⻹Ǹ˳۸֨ĶϱզּҺ͸˸ƵģȻô˵ˣ
ʶģϺƣ϶ϵĸıѾͷġ
ѾͷԴˮԺ󣬾͸˸ƵģĪǱˮˣ
˼ţɺҲϺһƿĿ⡣
ޣû˽ǮզһּҾôʳ˵ǻȥˣ̫̫˵ҿǾǹʹթƭҺּңԼңȥǧģһ͸ʮӴǣޣԺһ겻ʮӣҾ͸û꣡
ˣϼҲǺ̫̫Ķ֡
ԣʱ͸ɺƳˡ
үү̣ԭǻɵ˽ǮԲҪʮӵİЦЦĿź̫̫ͺϺҪɣһҵһӣôǼӼûʮ𣿡
ȥʱʵĵѾõĶʮӵ߸͸¶ȥˣֻ⵽˺Ϻͺ̫̫ķԡ
ȻˣǾͲһ㣡
ҾôʮĶأÿҲĳοһӵĻǣƲŲʮӣ
̫̫ûסֱۣѾͷ𣿹ȥ
̣ǴǮ⣬ҹⲻʰɣֱӰѻˣϺ
Щ£֪֪˵Ǹӡ
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϶ô˵ϺֱӿźҺôѵӦø𣿡
ＴԺϺͺ̫̫ʧҲȻǸТ˳ˡ૴Ӧá
ҲͬүүϡںϺ֮ǰ˵źϺ㵵ȻһЦɴ࣬ǰүү̽ӻؼҰɣԺǶˣ
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Цķʣ̣˼ǷּˣǲҪүүϣҪһӣ
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ʵȥˣ˵ϸ磬ǼȻҹ϶ͰˡȻˣǾͻһҪȻҿɴּˣ
̬үүģǲּˣպҵҩûأ
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ĪǶûôӣĶǮһţĶأ
ϴ˵С˵ѾͷȥһҺܴľ¥˴Ӯ˶ʮӣʲôʳ϶׬˲ӡ
СҪ׼ͯˣᵽҪõĶ˽ܵ㡣
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Ϻͺ̫̫һٶһ˫˫
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ƹںߣӿүү̣Ҫǲһ˻һĿ˽ǰҿű͵ܵõС绹ܲܿ

115³䶨

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˵ĺɱֺͳָǼ
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ڣ϶ѾӡҲǩְӡ˹֤һжѾ䶨ѾͷϻҲˣ
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116ʮȱǮ

ûϺı飬гŶûȥͣǽ˺զдİ
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תͷǩã˫һһݣһΪ֤档
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ںϿȻˣүүҲѾѷּˡҲ˵ڿʼǾͳ׷ּҳˣ
˵ֻҪּҳÿүүһЩӣҲֵõģΪ׬ܶܶǮԺǸӣṩԼ飬ȫ˶İװֵģÿԳԺܶܶóԵġ
Ѿ׬˸ǷӵǮôЩҲһһһʵֵģ
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ƣʮǲеࣿʱ򣬺ҲЩعζԼһӱԭ˵õĿһ룬ƺ̫׵
ε̾Ѿǩ飬˵Щֻڼ˵ĺúõģΪʲôȥүүǾô׵ıأôױƣԺˣԼôȥӦЩ˼ˣ
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ռļ弶Ҫٵ֣ռֳܿͬʱռֿڿռʵ廯ռ˿ɴռ䡣

бһһֱеʮҪֺͿȨޡЩں˵ʵ̫ңԶˡ
ĿǰƾԼҪľǽռԼʵռֲءңʵռһܣͿΣʱռʵǱزٵһܣ
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ǣֲܵľӸǰһļٷȫ˽ȥ

118²

źƽٷϵĵ룬ľǿӿݲһ˿ɫȻðһɫСѿ
ѿɿĳ߳һƬƬɫҶչҶ֮УɫĻ֣һſ󻨵лССĺɫ
ɫʱ򣬷ϵļٹЧʽ
˿һľȻѿ֦ӾͳôֲֽһɫĹʵֻҪŵӶˣΪԼ˻þ
ħļЧѾǵһμˣȷʵһθоô
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·
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У㲡ãԽԽأ쳣ʾϸϽȥС
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ʱھ¥һ¥Էǿƹкźˣɸоʮֺ棬׷׵

119ѿ

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ǸСЦ˵ƹ硣
ƹ磿Һƹʲô°׷ʡ
ǵСز˵ˣЦҡͷҲ֪
ƹĽ¥ʳҪܡ
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˺ãЦ˵ƹ񴺷ӣӦⲻɣ
ĸȷʵ֮ǰ˺ܶࡣƹε֮ɫ
գۣϣԺ¥ս𣬲Դ
ＪԣƹǺһЦ֪λǣ
ҵæܣλǾ¥ĺƹ񡣡
æǰм˵ƹʵ̫ллˣ
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Ⱥ߽һ鷿󣬺ƹЦеʵʲôҪҰæ𣿡
ϳɾƹԼǸ˼µԼҪæƾϲĴ˴򽻵ǿżɽİԼ˵һںƹ˵һ顣
ƹһӣһֽܲҵ˵ϴƤطӡһ˵һ߰ǲóӡ
ƹ㶣㡭װӣѾͷҲ̫˰ɣȻֱӰװҲ±ȥ
Σյĵطȫĵطƴ˸ôܰӷôֵֻ͵͵ӿռתƵǲѡ
ƹҡҡͷһУҸˣԺ󣬺ﻹСΪϡ
ллƹ񣡡¶õЦݣȻֽϵĸǲҿҽĶѿ֪ƹĸвȤ
ѿƹ
裬ֱװ̶ѿͻƶѿ
ֶָѿֱƹһ򵥵Ľܡ
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һǸӣ˵Ҫ̶ѿȥʼ׼
ߣƹȥдͺϵķ䡣
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ϵܣɻȵĹߣЦ߽ȥִ˸к
վȵĹߣȵĹߣ
ȵĹһߵʱȥȡƹЦ
Ͻ֣ˣׯˣĶȵôõĲ衣
˵ʵôȲĴָǻǹʱ򣬺ϺżóЩҶ裬ֵܷһ
ɺϺõĲҶܸھ¥ȵȣ
裬ž㣬ȵ֮þòɢζˡ
ϵܿɱҿٶ˵ˣԺǾ¥Ĺƹ˸ƣͺ£ȻϵͷˣϴκƤطӻ⣬Ҹϵ͹
˵꣬һ˳˹ȥ
ôӣЩӦ⡭ô࡭
һϵܣƹû¶ֱ֮ɫЦŽ͵ǮǸ˵õġǻǩأ
ǩ鰡̤ʵˣӹӣСĿ˿ս
һԼֶˡզôбأȻԼ̸ôһ⡣
ƹ񿴳ļȴֻЦЦתһ׮£ϵܣǲǺ¹һ֧ģǰշּҳ
¹ǺϺ֡
ﲻһ㶣ǡҵк¹󡣡

120

ƹЦЦָָԼҵǺ²š
²Ǻ¹ֳ
׼ȷ˵²Ǻҵϵĳӣ¹ϵҵ峤Ǻ²š
û뵽ԼȻ峤ĶӣЩ̿֡
ϵܣһԵְƹЦĺͰףǰ˵һּ֧ҵ£һ¡û뵽ͼˣ
ﲻ֪룬ֻǸŵͷҲ֪˵Щʲôá
һ֧£Ҳ˵һЩʵ˵ǶֳҲǼ¡ƹ˵ţλǺɣϴҼҲǸģ
ٱ˿佱ƹô˵ֵĶҲˡ
ﻹǣæ˵ȻֵͬܣѾͷĴ󲮸ʲôﰡֱӽƾСĳƺʵ̫ףֵֹġ
ƹҲѣͷһܸɵֶŮҵĸ
Ⱥƶ̶ѿʱ򣬿ľǺƹѾͺһƬõĳ
ʲôѯʺ
Цų֣ƣ󲮸
󲮸ƾ㵵ĵɴۣЦжϵĺƹ
ǰɣȥ˵Ĺôˣ
ƹۼݹϵ̽ʵƹҲպպ˶ˣôɰɣ
ɲУֺǺǵĵ˵ͷԣǺ峤Ķأд󲮸
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⻹ôԷ⣿ôĳ׶Էӣ
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ƣ̶ѿֻܵС˰ƹʮΪѵĿ˵
ƵͷȻ˵԰ⱾһС˰
˵֪˺ƹ˼һЦ󲮸ТģЩ֮ڣ
ģƹܾϲӦԷ󲮸ķζɰЦһףԼ׽ǵС˼ˡ
ЦЦȻ󲮸֪ⶹѿô𣿡
ƹʱͼṩʳģаԾСͲ󣬾Ȼͷԡ
̶֪ѿͻƶѿʲô۸񣿡ƹָ˿׵ĳƺ̸ʱ򣬻ǲҪǣıȽϺá
Ҳһ𻻳ƺƹ̶ͻƶڶǮһⶹѿҪѾֲҪһʱ䣬ҲеĶӶܷѿԣȥģʮǮһﲻɣ
ʮǮϰˣƹǳ鴤ֻزˣô󣬲ʰɣ

121Ѱҹ

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ܺƹͺƶЦ⣬ƽǿ̵ս
գƶѿ̶ѿļ۸񱻶һǮ
һʹıúƹԼռ˴ˣæҴҵҪö⣺ÿԹٶѿ
ֶѿһжʮҡһѿѾˣĹҪƹҪ١ƽգգۣȻ¥òô࣬Ҳζ¥
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У˵ǰ档ҿԱ֤һھԲѶѿˡһԺ¥ҪĶѿޣͲֹˡƿƹ飬Ц󲮸㲻ԺÿֻʮﶹѿɣҪѿļ۸̸̸
֮⣬ҿһµǿڽһ󲮸ķϡרǾҪóߵļ۸
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ںƿۺںƹͺδб˲ͬ塣
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֮ǰƹζ͸¶λ߽ǸбµˣƢҲܹ֡Ķұ֤ʲôķӣܸǳɲһô˵ƽ̫أûбǷˣ
˵˺ƶ߽ĺ档ǺƹĿ϶ΪȻ̫ظǷˣǺǣһҪʶʶ
ģ߽ȴŽա
ǰ˼ţȴ޶
ִ磬λ߽ǲǲڼҰϺʵ
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ҲͬĵģҪ˰ɣ
ǲǡżı⣬Ȼ߽ϲȾƣǷӵıһһġңиأҪǽ˻;ơʲôʱӸǺˣʲôʱŻմơ
ͦģհĸˣЩ񱣬߽ˡ
ôһ룬ȤҪһ߽ˡ

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ӽŵķͦͦرģָɰͰ͵һ佱Ĵʡ
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ǣɤӿʼʦͨŴġ
һأ߽ڴ˶Ҷܴ
˭лннУˣһ˵洫
ͣʾ˵߽
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ӣߣ˯߽ĺ
ЩɵۣûƢô̬ô߽лɣǮ׬Ӧӭ
٣ô˵أҡƢˣߣӾţȴһס
С壬𼱡Ťͷִ֣磬˵˵λ߽¡
ֿ֪Ҳࡣϵ˶˵߽ǸдµˣǰھǸЩү޷ӡ֪ʲôˣܵƽϰ˼ҡʮ꣬һˣ޶ģ֪ȾƣƢҪҿӣƺǺȱǮ˵ֻԼȤķӡ
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ϣ˷ܵĳ嵽Ÿǰղҵоͱ߽ˣûأ
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ЦЦСϲҪ𣿶֮ῼ״ԪÿһοƿɻʵյǸˡ
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ǡϻʲôĻȴ߽ĺˡ
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˵꣬˸ãŻݼ˯
߽øߴ󣬴һɫĳۣԴ˸٣鷢ġټǵ۾Լ߰׵İ̺ۣԵɷġǵСĺӿֻ»ſޡ
ʱȴȫµǰһǴ˵е߽
˵еģ߽ü˿ԼС˵Ҳ֪Ҿ߽
˵ʲôķ㶼ܸǳֱ۾΢΢һЦǸеȵķӣŶˣ˵𣿡

123¸һǰδеķ

Ŷˣ˵
ƮƮʻ߽Ĳ׽ԷЦµơ
ȡ˼壬õȺ
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ұģۣܳԾӣԭ߽Ĳ֪Ȱƹ˵ǴƽǷõˡ
ҡҡͷûаѺĻ˵
ı飬񣬻ҡͷĶ߽ٲ²Ļɵˡ
˵˵ʲô߽ŭգ˵Ҫֻʲô֣ߺұģҲ
ͳ׺ݣôһۣϵİ̺ŤŸˡ
ƫƫƻǷǷ׷ʵŶҺģ߽ô
Ĳ˵ڴƽҲǷӵ߽߽дһ˼Һܲǣʶľ͸Ͻ
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ƹ˶ԼĳԹλͷμ߽ȻûϹ
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Ҳסĵط
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ҵط
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Ŀɨ߽䣬ȻȤζ뵽߽Ϊ˽⴩ɫ·أԭǱɫӲ˺ɫ
վŲ߽üԸվžվŰɣ˵˵ʲô
Ըվ𣿺Թ뱧ԹЩ׶߽
Ŭһĳһ߽ǡȥԺ˵ɣУζ۾
˵꣬ܲ˵Ĵߣм仹Сߵһ衣
󣬺ҲСŸ˳ȻǺͺ
ĸ˵Ժмڵĺ˼ʿƽղΪζķθС
ݳĿ
ûһ߽Ҳˣﻹһľӡ
ƴЦҶ˵ҼңǻҪȥ

124߽

Ƚʵ߽ĻԾЩ˼˼ȴһܳ˼ҼƵġȻҲȷʵе
ȴ߽ƤˣҶԼûҲ˼˽ȥ
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𣿡߽۾һ²ʵķӣǲǶﲻ¯Ҳůͣ
Ȼů͵ģӵȻůˣһ⣬üʵ߽Σ
ãǳãû뵽̵ãҵúú룡߽˷ܼˣץץͷľӣȡһֽһСľ̿
ƺ˺Ƶ˻ڣôԹԵץľֽ̿дд
һԵĺ׷װĿۼںϣѯӦô졣
˸԰ƣ߹ȥС˵ۼҸǷӵ
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ı飬ЩȲϾҪʼɻ
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Ŷʲô뷨˵߽²
ƲŲڰѵ©ȥأһЦ߽Ҫˣǩ˵
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ͷһδ򽻵Ϊ̹ϡ
߽޲֮ɫǷʵǩԣ֪ҪĹǮһ߽𣿡
٣ҲеöԷֱ˵ſʼ׬ӣͷԣӵʱٰ
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С߽ˬĴӦȻ˸Ƿ߲ͣҪ˯ˣߵʱѴŹغã
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136¼ʹĿȫ

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ĻĶ䣬ץľͰָ͵ս
ֻǵ뱨ƽ㣬ƽȥץ㣬û뵽ƽ㱻Ц
ƽ㣬СϣҡԼȥץɣҪԣץȥͰ͵Ŀڡ
üëһûڣһߵĺر˵ʲôͣ˭ϡ㣿ܱܲҼõ
һŮӵǿ£
ôһñӿֱӾ͸ˡ
أֿƣ޳ҡû롭Ҳǹġ
ӣ˵˵Ƴڣŭ
ˡ
ԭؽסʲô£ȴԲ̺һİˣ
ɿϵ֣˵СϣȥӸǱߣؽ˵¡
ȻСʮУǺܻῴɫ
ʱؽ֮ƺ̫ԾɵĵͷСܵ˶Ӹߣס˶Է֡
СִȺ¶ȣ˲Ȼ˶ӵģͬʱҲöʶƽһ㶼ûԼ˼
ԼСο֮󣬺ɫ˺أ΢΢𴽽ǣؽ㣬ȻҲ˵ڵҸǰһˣôϣлϽ˵˵͸ϽߡϾҲĸ˭쵽һȥңӻڵŴҺСȥץأ
ղźصĻԭⲻĻ˻ȥֻӵĶ˺ء
رĻŵʵƣ㣡ǲһˣôƫˣ
һˣʲôЦ㣬۵׽Ǽ֮ɫؽ㣬ҽһ㣬ΪҴѵǶѾүүֳ𣿡
ƣүүʱҲǺͿүү̶ͦڵģϣһһأæ˵
һ㶣ɣǰүүҵҪϵӣּˡ
ķӦΪţæ˵ƣһд֡ǿǹѪˣϹͷŽأүүʱ˵Ҫϣˣ۶ӵģ
ˡүүѾǰѷּȥűˡƲֱҡͷ˻غ⡣
ҭһ£¶ѹ飺ּ֪µʱѾˡңһҲҶ˵ʲôǡ
̧ͷϣźƣƣұϾ㡣ԺãҪΪãô˵Ҷý㣬ѵẦ㲻ɣ
ôңƲɫʵ
һ˿ϲɫֿȥҲ֪ҵ幤ͳնѧ幤ĻҿԽ㡣ԺʳæҲԽȥæ
幤ͳգ
ƾͺǺˡ
Լ幤Ǽ٣͵ѧʳɣ
ѵΪƣԼͻϹʱ򣬾ϲҪ˸¡ΪѪ˽㣬ôĻӣТѹ㣬եѪ⣡
ʳ򴽣÷ķʣؽ㣬ô֪ʳ
С岻ÿڰ¥Ͷѿ𣿡˵ƺʶԼЩУæÿҪʮﶹѿһ˿϶æҪҪҰæĵط;˵Ҫ
ÿҪ¥Ͷʮﶹѿô˰ζĿȻһЦؽ㣬֪ûǰƯˣ
ʲôز׻ΪһתԼò棬ʶ𣿿Ƚۡ
ܲ𣿶ֳȥˣԭøɻҲųϴ·Լϸ۵ڶֲ˺ܶ࣬ȥպֻô棿ϵĴƤϼѶӹ˿ģ
뵽صһ˿ʣ˵Сæ£˵Ҷæ
Ҫź£Ҫϴ·ԺҪ޵˼ģôЩ
ؽ㣬㲻ƯΪɻ۵ġƾŴǽյף֮ԱˣΪʹĿȫǣ

137·ŵС

ʹĿȫǣ
仰תкӺͺ뿪ˡ
վԭһŷӦڳЦԼʡ
Ҽ㣿Ȼ˵Ҽ㣿ʲôֵҼʵģƯ幤𣿲ǻʳˣⶼòֵˣҧгݵ˵ţΪʷŭŤš
ǰһ澵ӣʱԼף̵ܸǾ伵ʹĿȫˡ
ƽӵĺˮļܿӱǳĵطܿӵԲԲĶʯвζ
վںӱһ£ӱǳĵطвٰСſվһЦŴˮ̣һ׽㡣
ƽ㣬СվŰɣ̫ӱߵʯͷȽϻӶһЬӾȳȥ
һļƣƱ֪Ӻץľ飬ȻǣӵˮҲܺá
İСӶڰˮǳĵطվţΨжȥûһĵط
ˮﴩ󣬿׼ʱĽȥ
ܿ죬ӱһССЩ㵹ľͰ
Ͽץô㣬˷ֱ֣ܵӸץô㣡ԳԺöö
СϣЩ㲻ܶȥԡһСŻغȥԱ˵
ɻգŴ۾ΪʲôҪСŻȥС㲻ó𣿡
ǡЦЦĵĸ⣬ҪСŻغǳһֱ㡣ѴС㶼ץˣԺû˰˵ĿҪųԶһЩ
ڿ϶ʲôĿҪԶƾԼҪЩĿȾСϽľͻЩˡ
ץС㣬Ժû𣿡ϹȻƶǶ
Цŵͷ԰С֪Сô𣿡
ģϻش
ƼԣСǴģǰѴץˣҪЩС㳤˲ѴС㶼ץˣûСˡҲûˡ
Դ룬Ȼ۾һ㣬ˡ˵ÿֲҪһҪǲӣڶǾûֲ˳ԡ
ԣСЦеĿ佱
ϲ˼ЦۣͷȥľͰ㣺ھͰСˡ
˵ֳ꣬Աߴŵ˵Ӹ磬ܲܲץС㣬ֻץ㰡
СϣӸģץʱʶСأ˵Ʊ
촽ţû˵תȥ
ղһȥ˴Լ߰㣬ֻ㣬ʣµֻ¶ҪŻغ
ﹻԣȥץһЩС
һΣԺ⿴˿͵͵СŻ˺ʣ˰
㹻𣿡ʵ
ƿ˼Լ˵ȥץæͷ˹ˡһȥͻؼȥɣ
ãҼû˰ԡץ㣬˶ϲԣֻû취ֻ伢
ƶڵϿ˿ľͰ㣬һ¡϶ˣʣһ׼ȥ¥
УǶûؼȥȴֶԷʹʪ·ʪһߴЬ
Ȼ磬̫գϾˣҲʮ
΢΢촽ѾЩˡ
ӣôʶô·ºץ㣬ϷӦԷΪԼڲŲ·ġ
ԭԼȻǺĶӴʪ·ʪӰԪס
ھˣʪ·ðģһȥҸ㰾
ˣ׳һ˵һִ˼
ƹﶼ˵ҵĻһҲҪҼҳԷģڸһȥʱ㻹԰Ҵ֣
⺢ӵ˽⣬ֻԼ˵ҪԷæʱ⺢ӲŻˬĴӦ
ȻͷãƽҸɶҾ͸ɶ
ڸϽһؼңҲīʰͿ첽ߡ
һ˻صңһԺţϾͳԺæµϺǻץ˺ö㣡
һ˵һָľͰ
û뵽ҲˣһЦ˵Ҳˣףϵ·ôʪˣ
Щ㶼ǶץġСǼһ㡣ץǾֱӻˣû˵ϻȥ·Ͱˣͬʱȫ𣬡һ׵·ӻȥȻ׵˺

138¸Ůìܱ

ϿӶɪɪ촽Ѿ۵Ĳˣֱӽקݣл߶ţ⺢զôɵ·ȥץ㣿䰡զ죡Ͻ·ϣȻϱůů͡ȥѲ𣬰ѿϡڿϴţ
һĵ߶öȦ죬Դ£˵ʲô͸ʲô
عʱѾſڿϸűӺȽˡ
ůͣθůͣů͡
ӾԼ͸һȫȺġ
ƽ㣬Ƕã
˵仰ʱ򣬶ͷһξԼҲô飬Ȼĵᡣ
һֻС˲Ӹ磬ô˰
̧ͷϺ˫ӤĴӳԼӣͷڱ䴦˲䡣
ܿ죬ԼϴǺ·ǿŸ첲ǿʪ˵ĺۼʮΣߵˡ
ƿľȣתƻ⣺ɶȥˣզû
˵ȥʯ߽ӵ¡⿴˿ȥôãզûأ
ȥʯүүҿЩġ
һ㿴ҲҪԼæ˵СϣڼӸ硣Ϊ˸ץ㣬ˣúչ˶Ӹ磬òã
˸߲ҵĽӦã
½һͷƱš
߳ûԶ㿴ӭ߹ĺ
æӭȥ
ﳶЦЦš
ʯүү̸ɶʱ򶯹ʵ
졣
һ㶣죿߽Ҳ˵ϷӸϵһ춯˰
ôһ˵ǰ߽˵¡
ôˣھȥʯӡתҪߡ
æסæѡǸ£ʯүү϶ѡġȥ˵Ҫӣʯүүԭզ˵
⡭üЩʯүүͶ߽ϣô죿
ͳ£ɣǳܸʲôϵֻҪǸǳˡ
˵Ҳǡʶ;Ů˵ĶԣͻȻӦ㵵˵ǶۼҸɻģôûϵ
ʲôϵƴЦЦֲǳġңǳǮǸɻģܻܵˣ
һα˵ˣܾﲻԡҪ˵ﲻԣ˵
˼ʱ򣬺Ѿһ߲ߣһ˵ȥ¥
Ů˵¥׵£ɫȻһ䣬֧֧˵ƣӣ
֪Ҫռ˺ƹܶۡƾԼˮôҲñƤĹŶԡǰԼǸλ棬ˮˣƤֻһˡ
ţȴͻȻֵı鲻̫Ծƺֵʵôˣ
ҡＱϺðˣƣˮĲʮ𣿡
ôͻȻӵˣƣֱ̫Ծʵǲɶ£ɱң
ҡֹᡣ
ͣסŲ
ƣҡһ£˵ȥʯүүҵʱˡ
ɫ䣺Ȼأ
˵ͦ໰Ҳûа취СۿžҪͯˡЩݣҧ˵˳ƣСǺҵϣܵҵˡƣӦͰʮӸүү͹ȥۼҸǷӡǲǲˣ
촽ˣǿѹŭתһԵߡ
ơ׷ȥ͵鶼ǩˣһһ춼ҪСҪӣΪˣͯǼҿɾ͡
ɾôˣ˵СΪۼûүүʮϵӣ󿼲ͯôǼҾͶԲˣֻһŭԴ޿̵ͣסŲֱֱ̧źʵ
ֻŮһ˫۾ΪĿ⾹ȻԼ֮ӡ
ԼŮôҲʮ꣬ȴñѹ
ƣ˼ĿİͰ͵˵ĪЩ顣
΢΢ͷϬǵʲô˼Сһ˶ҪһûǷӣôţҲҪȹС飿
⻰ߣ߸ŰɣԺ󣬷ʷʱǣҷƲסԼҸǽ

139ºƵ

һ˶ţ﷢Լûô
żıզܶأ·ӲסĲʯ߽˵·ӣʵøôģøǸʮľͦõˡƣƤôӣǾù˲ŻӦġ
Խ˵ƵľԽ
ŭԴ̫Ѩͻͻͻֱ
Ƥûһӣ˵ûƤүүҪӣô죿ʹʵ
㶣ҪۼûǮͲ޸ǷӣүүӦҲӲۼҸôӡ
˼ûǮֳ·£үүᳯۼҪӣƹ𴽽ǣµסеļ֮⡣
ԭԼ뷽跨׬Ǯü˹ϺӣȻԭǺǡ
ĮڷŮЩԾƣ˼ֻǣǷּҳˣҲպȻۼǮүүʹǰæҲܸɿţ˵ǲ
ǺǡԼʵ̫ˣôΪǰεĽѵ㹻̣õ׸ı˹أĵԳԼ˸ܴĴô֮ŵΪƾԼһ֮Ըı˵뷨أ
ͺáǸϽؼҰɣƲٸ磬ӿŲȥ
￴ŮıӰһ첽ȥ
صƱֱӽ˳æ
СӼлʱ䣬ŵ㽫гƬ˹
ˮҪʱҲպýԺӡ
ƣ˵Ǹˮ㣿СԶζˣ㣡ͷ̽鶯£ֱʿˮ
תͷЦСϴϴ֣ЪϾͿԳԷ
ϣĵӦţˮϴ֡
ǰԷôעÿοԵĺ޲ȥץָɲɾ
ԴӵҳԷԺҲŶһϴֵϰߡ
ɩ˵ǺĹأȫ˭ϴֶԷ˵ĻҿԲô
ĺںԷɾҪˡ
Ϊ˳ԣǰϴִеʮֳס
ʱȲȷ
ֱˮٳٲӣߴٵ磬в˰һųѾͷˮأ
ﱾԥҪҪǰլӵ˵ôһߣҲӣ̾˿һ̶ѿ
ԿԣҾͲһвˣһһӼˮ㡣
ʹûŵôŵζ̼һķڿˮ
һڣгôģľȻҲôóԣ˻˻ҵöһ뷹а
ĵȴְ಻סּһͷ⡣
Ĳȣһߵ;нˣвˣֻͷɳ׷
ӣԷΣùһŵ
ͷԷĶһ£˵ллƽ㡣
ɶҪץ㣬ҲԲˮ㡣Ƶ٩ʲôԼУҪһһֱŸвˣ
ñɬֲôҿͨ۾ͷͷ
С̣æѡ
춯˶һһ˳ƽ㣬̿ҵġ
ףͦ㰡ʮ־ȡǰҲ˵Щ˳ỵ̈Զ˹һһ߷ɿĳһ߾ܰ³ˡû뵽ȻⱾ£
׷ʵӣⱾզѧģ
ûѧͻˡ̧ƣԷڵԼ˵͵ǰܳԲû취˾ȥץԣտʼҲ˺öΣԵĶˣѧôԵĿ컹̿
Ӹ磬ΪʲôҪԵĿ찡˸𣿡Ϻʵ
ǡǺҲ㣬ֻˮһ£ѳԣԳԿһӡȻȳ¡
ڳ˶ˡ
Ϊ˲ԼԽȥ³ֻܳԿһЩȥζ
ĸģ۾ʪ˺üӲˣԣ˺ܶ࣬ü
ллͷȥԷ
Լʪ·ȴֹˡ
ֲû·㼱Żɶ˵·ʪأϽʪ·ۺõݹȥؼһˣпյʱ͹С
мľϹлл
ߺϸп⺢Ǹõģڿ죬øж

140·ִ

ȷʵƸš
ϱƣںɽҲûˣ㿴ӻܰɵɶҪܰͰһѰɣ
֪ƱҲôģͷ֪жڿϸɵˣҿ϶æġЩƵİǣҶһǮ
˵꣬תȥʰ
㶣Щɻĸֹզ仰̫԰
ǻأЦ
ϾˣΪɶ
·Ϸһһʮĸϡ
ָ꣬źıӣ㰡㣡զôͿ
ңҲ֪챿ûй׬Ǯ̾
϶ˣΪ챿˵ˣ
һĶˣɶͷԣѵƾòӦøүүӣǩӵʱҲû˵ɶ
ߣҪТ˭˵ɶТԼ׬ӣŮ׬ȥô£ϺһҲûɫȥ˳
ֽϴꡣ̨һ˵ʱʰɾˡ
ΪһʳߣȻʮעҲĳ
ƣأߵʵ
תͷЦЦûֻЩʧо
ƣ̡Ѿ˵ˣϰοŮģԺԲ׬Ӹүү̡Ҫүү̣ҲôʵĶ
˵ŮĻ£Ȼ޷޲ƽ
ûΪ뷽跨׬ǮҲǹӡƵʹ˵
̧ͷ᣺֪ĺŮʵıҲǺõģǾС˹Ҷй⡭
ϵĿ⣬μˡ֤ԼûΪЩ뿪˳
뿪Ժ󣬺ƳһǳӣȻϰİá
ǳӷֿʼͣʰ
ʱԺ󣬿űԼʰĸɸɾõĳ³һڳ
ôֻܲǣԭǵ
ӺĻܸоûԼ˵ĹС϶鵱棬Ȼүүһеϣ˺ֶϡΪˣŻԴ˳
ʵڲΪʲôű˼ҵĺӣҲԸúԼӡ
ԴıԣֶĿȡ˹ǶҲȻǴ󷿵ĵʯõκθơ
һֻԼݣƾʲôҪǶԹ޻ڵһֱѹե
ΪǰεӦˣ˭֪ﻹ޷飡
뵽ĶԻʱԼжĲˣͻȻˣϾһϺˣ˭á
ʱ򣬶˭ãʵҲһĮΪԼ޶ûкҪ
ƾԼԽԽƫ̲ס²ۣտգ˵Ҹô죿Ҫˣ
տգˣտվʵ̫Ϸˡ
ƣʲô˼
տգˣٽˣദʱҲҪзִ簡ܸıԭĸ˼룬ôҪıദķʽǰһޱĲˡ
ƣദķʽ
տգ԰˵ԭĸװǮȥԭүүԼƹǮƣжǮǾͲǮûطһЩ뷨˵ֻҪĽһͺá֮ǰ˸ԭ׷ּҵ࣬տվ;ʮֲأ
Ƶͷһʾͬտգ˵Ļڡȷʵûպ÷ִ磡ԺҪעˣ
տգˣ˼˵ĻŲأ
ƣУϸϸ
տգء۸ˣ˼кӣȻ˵˼ϸء
ƣ㹻ˣĸкӻ˼˼ҵģӣصģ̫ˣ
տգˣʮ֣ǷĶʮֽռȼΪ
ƣտգ⻰תǲ̫ˣ
տգˣ뾡콫ռȼΪ弶ʱտտڿռʵ廯˾֪տﲻˡ
ƣ
տգˣǷĶʮֽռȼΪ
ε̾ðɣ
տգϲˣѾռȼΪźʳĶһĿǰʣʮ֡
źʳĶһʲôãʮֲܼһֺʣ
뵽㡢Ρ򺡢ȵȣƾԼӶҪˡ
ԼҪȥ¥ˮгȥ
ԼһͿ׬ȡ֣
뵽ƵںһЩųڴ
⻰߸СǣӮˣӸһ£ҸʷʰµʱҶ尡

141

գˡ
ϴ֮緹Ļ
ԴӷŮձԼ֮Ҳٸǰæ֡
ʳޣƱ򵥵˸˼żְһ̲ˡ
Էʱ򣬺ź˵Ůƺˣŷ
󣬺ͺƱţȫţϡ
Ȼ֣̯İ̯ϼĸϼв·ߴҴææĳ緹
ǽһҪ졣
һǸ¥ͶѿڶҪףǰЩǳӰ̯
ң⽫һڼǳˣΪɽѾˡ
ơͺһ£վȥ¥ƺͺȥ̸׵£궹ѿ֮ȥ̯ѿ
·õʱ䡣
¥ÿ쿪ҵ磬ҲһЩ㣬Եȴࡣ
Ͼһȥ¥ԵĶٶЩݣݵô伯أ
ƹĵվھ¥ſԶԶ˵ӰЦݵ֡
ʲôӣôϵܺҲˣһ˵һ߲Ҳкѿɣȥ
òã͹ȥ˹أæܾŶѿȥ
춹ѿҲ˱ͻĹأȻѧ˲١
𣬽ɵĳȥƹ΢΢ͷܲ
̤ʵϸɣԾѧĻһгϢġ
ǰҲǸʡĵģźһ㡣æ͡
ƹҵȻ֪ǰʲôӣԲŶԻĺĿ࿴
˵䣬ĿЦӯӯһԵĺϣƣɺüûˡҪ׼󲮸ϲ
ƹ㶼ˣ㾪ϲ𣿡ƿЦĻشȻ̸ģȻҪƺƹ񣬶Ǵ󲮸
ƹ۾ʱˣѾͷ˼Ͳ׵ģ
һ죺ȥ˵
˺ãƱ㿪żɽĵ⣬Լ
ƹ񣬽ºȰˮˣ̸۸񡣡
ƹһ£ͷҲãȥˣҸȥҷྡ
ܵƹȻóԹɫǸΪˡ˵̸۸ȻƼ۸Ѿ˵ˣΪҪ̸ȴɫû¶ǡ
źȥƽԼϢķ䣬ȥ
ʱδںæһͰʶҪˣѺ˵ȶ˳ȥԼߵ˺Ƶߡ
Ҫ²ˣδʵ
ЦŵͷװľͰţҪ㡣
㣿δ¶ϲɫа취ȥζ
ǡһ˵һ߷ɿĴ
δһգգĶĶ͵ʦҸ֡
ǾллδˡæɣƳľͰʣµŬŬ졣
δϲ̵ץ㣬ʼƶǹۡ
Ӽʣµ㶼ˣ׼ˡ
һ֮ǰˮ㣬һǺ㡣
ԭܼ򵥣ֻҪˮĲףԺδľ飬ܿʶȵĹؼڽ⡣
ֻҪζͰٱˡ
ȵܶסԼһ׬ȡ֣ӡֶΪ֮أ
δʮԾƴ֣ѯʵ֪Ҫæ˳վſڵȺ
ͬվںſڵİβ̲ס죺壬ô˾ȻøһСѾͷƬڵطǲҪλˣ
ɶ˼Լط˵Ȼܿˡδݺݵĵ˺βһۣ˵ĺ
βĶӣ˵ֲߡ
δҲԼֶӲǵʦϣɴԼæҲƴǣŰѺβưŵ˾¥ĺ
δСĵģβʮֲмö̫ˡ
壬Ǿ¥ΪԺҲҪһһ°ˡβƲƲ죬õŸƵ𣿡
δû뵽ԼֶӾȻô룬üͷ¥ģ˭ɺƹ˵ˣĲֻҪû¥˼ԼطǱҪӣβƣֻԺ˵ˣûУ
֪ˣ塣βƿӦţȴʮֲΪȻö̫ظˡ
һӳдζ
δûŵζҲû˵ʲô˻ʳ
Щ̱ǣ磬ȴ̲סҺθڴ󿪡
ԼζֱӳԽȥһ뷹
Ȼóգδ̾жԺڴ
βͬʮڴ쳤˲ŷ͵ƫƫδվǰ棬ֵͽߵʮʵ
ò׵ȵƳβƵһʱͳԷȥ˭֪ϵ˾ȻӿˣʲôҲ
㰡ʲô˰̲סſˮʵ

142ĶĶ

Ƹſڵĺδлȴû뵽ͻȻԼ˵
һ£̧˶Էһۡ
еģԲԲüۺδмƣǺδݡ
˶㡣Це˵ţתδδллȰѲ˸ƹ˹ȥ
ллδæ˵ȻԱߵĺβһۣβƣŸϽ˲ˣ
βƣͺδݣ˳ʵ
δЦŵͷҴֶӣں﹤
˰ɣβǰȥӺӡ
ƱݸǾͶлˡ
ӦõġβЦԲԲʮֺ
ƹѾ׳˺ĻԼΪκƻᵽ̸۸¡
Ȼûʶڵĺ̲ס̾ϢԼϵľԴô˹龫ֵŮأǺϵټȥѱѾͷġԼҪҪأ
ϵܣǸܸɵģиƹǿ佱һ䣬Ȼ̾һ֧£ҶҲš¹УֻǿϧѾͷ
ǰҿСӶͦõġ˵ҰطóƵ£Ȼʶ⻰ܴȥǻ˵һ졣
ƹǺһЦǺϵСӷ֢ĻƸô죿УСÿҩöǮУŮ¼޴ɰ¹׮¡Ūûһӵģ֪Ƽ޵ȥԺһǾ¥ϵܣƼ޳ȥԺÿʮ¹岻
һĻúðһ亹ҡܲưѲǣ
ǵȻƼ޵ңɾҵˡ׬ӣҵƹ̾Ϣ
סɫúѿǰ˵Ƽ޹ȥҵˣǲҲҸİƼˣĶҡԼһ׬ʮ
ʱʶԡʮһʨӴ󿪿ڵĿԼȻΪһ׬һٶʮӣ׾ٵĴӦ˵Ҫӣ
ͿԼôôͿ
ں޲ѣ޲Լ⡣
ϵܣԼúɣΪЩԼ׵˺ģ⡭ĶĶٰƹĻ㵽ΪֹҲ˵ķӦӦǰԼĻȥˡ
ɫԼɲΪТ˳ϱӺ
ɫҰܵĿαϣɬĳƹллˡֻˡ
ƺͺβƽʱ򣬺ﻹûϷ
Ƶһʱ䷢˵ɫԾƹͶȥѯʵ
ƣ˵ζƹûн͵˼ע˺βеĲϡ
һȻ󣺡磡磡
ģƹϰߵĻٳһԡʾβư˷ϣȻֽҿĸӡ
ûиӵڵŨζ˱Ƕúƹ̲סִ硣ͬʱеҺڵĸˣȲƷ
ţ㡭ƹȳԵǺ㣬۾һʣ˰ػû˵ֱȥһˮ㡣
ȫͬĿڸУһĶ˺ƹͷ
һ󱭲ˮһ漴۷ŹĽźơ
βƣȳȥɣʹ鼤ƹҲ侲Ƚβ֧ʹ˳ȥ
ʣ˵ʱ˵ƣ˽ʲô󲮽һ¡
ҲӣָһһΪƹĽ
׻˵
ʱڣںɪɪϮ˵ĶѶ࣬ζ
ĩܿ콫Ҫ붬ƴʱϵΪʳĵĲˣӦ˼ڡ
ټˣ΢ˮպʺںĶʳãᶼůڵġ
ƺܿ㽫˵ɫŵһ飬󲹳ҲһΪԵʣʺϳʳһǰ˵ʳú巢ʡ
һֱӣŵȱ㶼̹İڳҴš
̬ȣǺƹΪ͵ġ
ʵϣеĲ˶пܵ¸Ŀʳú岻ʣǰһ㣬Ϊȷķʽ
ã̫ˣƹ̾ˣͲ붬ûµƲˡ
ưǾ¥Ҫˣ˵һ£Ȼݸһѯʵ񣬿̽˵֪ӣ

143

ƲźۼĿ˺һۣƹ񣬸ϴεˮƤһ۸һһΣ
ں￴ĵطƹ΢΢˰֣˸ѹ۵ơ
һˡֱԣ۸񡣡ƹѹۡ
Щˣ˳磬ĺܺóԣǸˮ㣬õǱ˴ӺԶĵطġ
ŶԭƹץסؼĴÿӼһͨͨ˿ûУǻҪ˹Ļ˵Ĳ׿ɾͲֵǮˡ
һ˵һźƵı顣
ȻƳ΢΢ͷݹһԺ͵
ƹҪӺԶĵط򣬻е㵣ĹƵ˼ȻѾͷѾ뵽˽취
ˣֻҪѾͷⳡϷݺþˡ
ֵǮһ㶣ɫЩǰܣдһ㲻ĵʵ˳磬һӰ
ƹһ£ָͷ
ʮﾪˣžȻô١ԭԤĲҲ̫ˣ
ƹʮѾˣϵܣһʮ𣿡
⻰ʵú޵ݡ
һׯںôӣ
ôһ룬ʮȷʵѾܶˡ
ʶԼ̰ģɫ˵˳˵ǡ
ƣ㿴۸Σƹơ
򴽣Ĭ˵ƹһһҪֻǵϣס
ŶʲôƹüʵǺ档ںĿеӡƳƷȻ
ƿһŵĲӣӡҪȥ
ӵƹæʵ
ƺˬıʾҿֱӽ̸㣬ûҵ֮ǰӦ
ȻƹۺӣЦݵĵͷ
Աߴ㶵ĺһ¡ȥ̺ӡ
áԼ£Ĳɵĵ˵ͷ
ƹ֪ǺЩҪԼ˵ȥ
ѾʼϿˣδźβҲʼæԺ˵ĵطǣƹźȥһ鷿
غţƹȿʵƣ«ﵽʲôҩ
㲻Ѿ֪İ˾Ųʮ𣿡ƵʡŲԼ뿪ʱƹûи׻أ
ƹ񱻽ҴҲΣһЦ󲮲Լ´İ컵𣿡
󲮰ʲô£̧
ûʲôȰ䡣ƹҲϸ˵ת˻⣬֮ӣƣҪӣ
󲮻ûгôż̸۸ʲôЦЦ󲮺ĵҺҵ֮ìܣӵ͸ġ
ô˼ƹ˵Ų˼ȴЦۡԼղ͸¶ĵô˻رڣԺƵӡԽˣСֶûرǸޣ϶ܸɳһֻС٣ԼǰվһЩ
аʱ򣬾赭д˵󲮲ؾò˼ҿҪǮġ

ƹȻ
Լô磿ûҵĻԴ֮ǰеɺṩϡʳģǮٵ
ź뿪ȥӰƹȻʧЦҡҡͷԼվСѾͷԭ˼ԸΪأ˭˵ѾͷٰǾأ
ʱƱ㽫ö˹ͬʱĻһͷһЩ±ţ⡢ƹϵȵȵˡ
󲮣ǵϣֱĨͷϳԣҲԷպ֭պųԡѾˣԡ˵ţĨЩ͵ͷ˹ȥְպ֭ǰһ¡
ƹӹ˿Сҧȥ֮ǰˮ㣬ĿҪˣֱĨͷϣƻ
ͷŴһ۵Ķζ̼Ѹռζ١
ֲͬζһ𣬾Ȼθڴ󿪡
ƹ̲סҧһڣ񶼱ˣû뵽ͷĨӣȻζ
ĨҲԽͷпĨ档·ϳʮַ㡣һ˵һʾһ¡
ƹ۾ˣʱʶڴ·ͷµг
ĵļֽ±ţȵպ˼͵պ֭ȷʵһζ
ֻǶһֵϣȻıʳζ
̫ˣ

144ºİ

ƹ޲ڣİ彫Ĺ
ΪĿǰû취ֲԺÿֻӦ¥ʮֱӵ¾¥Ĳ˶Ӧ
ԭƹΪգ˭֪Ӧ֮ȴþ¥ӻ𱬣ν֮ϲ
˺󻰣Ҳᡣ
ļ۸ʱΪһ
ȵ괺죬ԴΧֲʱ򣬼۸Ȼή
ƿصĲƹ֮֡
û·һʳģʹ֮ƹ֮󣬻֡
統ĲˣôΪʳķ߻ά֡
ֻ㣬ٳɶࡣӳԶʳҪԶԼ²Ȼõֶࡣ
ҲǺͬ⽫ֱӹ¥Լ²ȵԭ
ȽϺƵȸԾʵЩء
ĻﴧʮӣжʮǺƹġ
ʮӣʮĲǮʮһʮĶ
һתۣһٶʮӵļҵʮӵծ񣬺ﶼЩز
Ӿ¥ǱȥҺ
ΪҪڼһǳӣ˭֪ȥϵطʱȴǰĿѾˡ
ڸ졣
źãòȸŴ˸к
ЦеĿƣôþû˰
ţҪǳԺ󣬾Ͳˡƽ͵
žЩϧͷ˿֮ǰõĶѿ⣺ŴĶѿҲͦõģɣ
ţѿ¥ǩЭ飬ʱ̯ܰҡҡͷ
ô˵ŵıʮʧ䣺㲻Լ̯û˼ġ
ţԺϻģο
ҲǣָżϱߵĽ˵żסֵĺ棬ߵҡû̯ҲҵĻȥż
ţҼסƹɵĵͷ
ţһЩʳֱȥ˵ţĵط
ȳʱ򣬺ߺ˵հ̯ûãͷˡȻӸѺƽ̵Ļ˵ˡ
ţСĺܺá佱
֮ǰӦӣ˭֪ô£һֱûла̯ڸӹǰŵˣҲ˿
ؼҵһ·ϣصγʮӡ
ԼĶΪ׬ǮüĥźҪٳһٺóԵġ
СģҶѾ׼ˣȻӦ˵߽ʯүүҪˣĲ˲֪С壬궹ѿٴһЩɣ
áӦһ
ǰϳȫ˵ҲͷЦƣҽӹȥæ
ʱ򣬺һҪиɻ׼
ʱ˿϶æ
Ǻûоܾȫĺ⣬Ǵĵлãлȫ
ɶȫϽԼĺ⣬ʮָˡ
صƱͣæµ
Ķʰã㿪ʼ׼ˡ
ѾǰƤƺˣһҹƤѾֻͣҪпպ֭Ϳֱʳá
⣬׼÷˿⡢˺ͳ´ײ˻ס
÷ɲǽڼϿģѾȫɹɣ㱣档
ϲ֮£ȫ
÷˿Щʱ䣬˶ܿá
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⼸˺üʮƶ׼ԼͣȻٳһЩͳ
λ˶û͡
ͣҲ͡ͼ̶Ӱ˲ȵĿڸУԺһɫķͣʳȫޡ
ҪζȣѶ͡͵ȵֲ
ڽͣҲϣԼƹ㡣ǣǰûԼͣǺаգֻʵ
ƣôôƶϽæ˲ˣȴŮһƶֵʵ
Ʋûϸͣġ
ڶûгɹ֮ǰ
ȲˣˣԵĺʮ㣬ޡ
Ϊ£ԷͲ˶ûгԶ٣ԵЩơ
ʮ֣ҪʣȴΪͺǣûҵῪڡ
ȵűˣϴ򷢺ȥæʣͺ˵ʱſʵǲײ˳˳ûˮ𣿡
ǡҡҡͷ
ϸˣզˣ
ңȥ㡣ˣֻ˶ʮӡƵ˵š
һ£ЦʮҲ˰ɶ
˵һ˾ʮӣԺĥĲǲ˶Ǯˣ̾
˶ǮѿǮ𣿡úܿ˵ƻһֱײɣˣǲ׶˼Ҹġ
һ˵뵽βףӻûиҷ֡Ǹҷȥһ룬ǸǷӵӾ͸ˡ
զʱסˣԼĹǸ϶˵˳
һҲеɵۣ̲סԹɵĺ£ƵҡǮˣۼɶ㲻֪𣿳ʲô⣿ҪӦÿʮӣʲôÿҪôϣ
ҵʱҲһʱͷˡЦŮһ׬һٶӣ͵е㲻֪ˡȱǮʵѹѾǩ飬Ҳûˡ
Ҳ˵Լ⣬°ȷʵ׵˵ûһ˸һӡ
аûڲѣ˵ңҪһ£·۲˳ɲ
ޣ˼ҿû˵ˣ׬ТǣΪĲһ˳ԱůԼϺȣڻ˵Ļƺİ

145»༷

ϼ仰ͰѺ˵ˡ
Դ˰ĳһ䣺ʵڲУȥǼһ·
Ժúʵӣ˵⻰ʵסǣ˵Ϻͺ̫̫ͻͬϿɲôá
źڲģв̣ȰҾӦúúø̸̸˺ӵġڸǷӵ£ǸģȻ޸Ƿӣ϶а취ġ
Ʋҡޱơ
ϿǸͷɥӣεҡͷЦˣһȥ˵ɣ
˭֪һֱæ߽ʯ߽ҪϽ쾹ȻһֱûѰᡣ
һ磬ƽôǷ׷עĿ
Ҳ²ʲôˣ˭ҵʱһ·˺Ҷſڲͣ
ϺʮˣҶԭԺӶվˡ
߽һ³ģյ߽ԺӣĴһۣ
ӣݵıҪ𣿡Ѿ֪˱߽ݾɷӵ¡
еεĽͣ·û֮ǰܵеطס
ģѩ֮ǰҿ϶סϣֱ߽ӴƱ
һߣʯ߽ԭڼ׼µͽ˵ȥҶżҴҵʰ˸Ϲ
ûҶԺӣ߽Ļʱһڡ
·ĴѾʯ߽ܲˬˣû뵽ԷȻҪԼݾɷ·
̫ˣ
ʯ߽ŭĴ󲽽ţֱźȥˣ϶ҽְͦ
ʯ壬ˣæӭȥ
ʯ߽ɨ߽һۣƣô⼷½ŵĵطûУҵˣϽ׼ʽɣ㿪ɻɵ˾ͱﰭˣ
ﻰ˼Ȼ߽ˡ
ʯ壬Ҳǽ쿪ɰͰ͵Ľš
ʱ߽Ҳע⵽ŨͷǴ˹
㸺ӣƵĶʯ߽ʵôޣ
㲻Ǿû޵ıҪ𣿻ô̵ֿĿʯ߽ʮ
߽ƺȫûʶԷĻͬĵͷȷʵûбҪ˻ȥɣ
仰ȫת
ʯ߽߽ˣ߽ʯ߽ߡ
ʯ߽Щɵۣô˵ͱԼ˻ȥ
ǣôܾôˣ
Ժڴﻹô죿
϶˵仰ǣʯ߽ߺߵĵԱ߳Ĭĺ
ȫûзӦ˵ʲô
˵ʲôҵ޷ӵ׻޲ˣ㲻˵ѵøʯ߽Ҫˡ
ŷӦͷҪ޵ģҪ޵ģ
ı̬ʯ߽˳һЩб۳߽е˼˵ޣϼ
˭֪߽ѹĶԺ˵ɷûݵıҪҪס·ˣЩӣɶã
ڶԼ·Ȼ˵Լ˵
߽˸󣬿ܲǣֻʯֱ߽ӻȭȥˡ
ʯֱ߽飬߽Ǳ˵ͣɷ©磬ֱӽǽһ¾ͿˡСɸˣҲôûõˡ
㡢㡭ʯ߽죬ɸûŻᡣ
оѾԷ˵ҡˣ̲סһ䣺㵽˭Ķģǹʲôӣ
Ժ˶ͻȻĺһΨ߽ĵڶ䡣
ͷģǸ߽Ӿָָ߽ԼرƵᣬڸǹķӡ̫ˣ˵Ҳδ֪
㲻˵ô֪Ҳ֪ҪǾûõóֵģ˵һǳķӺˡʯ߽ѹŶԷʲôõóֵա
߽ǸջҪǾ顣
мʮ꣬Լľͻ۵ʮ˴߽Ҳһġ
ڣһʮëͷСӾȻҲð
ҪǴȥڣ
ʯ߽¶ĽߵصҪĵĺÿһܶԷ˵ʲô׼һë
Ѿʼ򸹸ʱ򣬺Ȼ߽ƮƮ˵ķӰǾҪйˡ
ǣԭǵþǽйʯ߽ҪģʽȻס۾͵󣬡й
šľˡ߽ͷӦ˵ɣ
ϻ˭û˵
ʵۻѻƽʮڽϴ˾ٹµһ԰й
˵ǽйˮѣÿһһ񣬿ƫƫȴá
⽭йֱƴұдԵĽˡ
ڣëͷСӾȻ˵йǵãʯ߽ˣ

146¹飨Ӹ

ôĿʯ߽ŭЦ´߽һۣҰ˼שҲǵ÷ӡ
߽Ĳ˽йĽ죬ҲȻǸӳġ
Ҳ˼Բѵ˵йǵã
ʯ߽Ļ䣬㴫Ц
ͽǡ
߽˫۱أѵĵĵЦ꣬ŵ˵ȷʵֻ˼שϾЩרŵ𣬶ҪĸֻЩ˲ʱָһ¡
ͼָⲻζ߽ǽйܸˣ
ʯ߽Цɵˡ
ôܣţˣиüë̲ס˵
߽һۣʲôɴţģǻϷҪңΪԸȥЩʵ⣿
ô
Ƿᣡ
ǣ߽⸱ı飬Ȼ˵
ȫʲôʯ߽ĵЩȷˡ
߽³֣顣
飿Ǹ飿ǸӽǮΪֻΪȤĹ飿ϳΪŵ飿ʯ߽Ǹüë۾ˣɿһ
վȺĺüë΢΢˶Ŀ߽û뵽߽ͷԼô뵽׬أ
˻Ŀע£߽΢΢ҡԴѾȥһְǹˡ
صǹ𣿻׿͵ĽţһѾ㹻ҫ˺
ʱ򼸺û˻߽ݵ٣йһֳݿȵĿ߽
УεľҪʯ߽ˡ
û뵽ԼëͷСӣȻǶ飡⡭Ҳ̫ˣ
еﻢˡ
˵žɷûҪݣԼ׸ɻǲˣ
ʯ߽һһ׵ģһҧ϶Ȼ㶼·ˣɷӾͱˡͷҰѶ˸㣡
˵꣬Ҫͽߡ
ʯ壬⡭Щ֪룬һ߽һʶͷѰҺƵӰ
ƿߣ΢΢ҡҡͷ
߽ģȻӦ߽ճ
Ȼ߽ӲٳҲ١
λ壬ôƺ߽Ȼˡ
ʯ߽Ųһ٣ͷûصĴʯ˶ʯ߽ǰ˵ԼǸ߽ʯ̡߽
ʯ߽æߣи¸߽տʼһƵġ
ʯ߽Żعͷɶ£
˲࣬Ҫһ°Ѷ¥ʱе߽˵һʵҪǲĻ͸һ·ӰɣôǣҪҵģ
ģ⣡⣡ͷҶģʯ߽û뵽ⷬתۣʱϲӦ
˵ˣͽҲһ˸߲ҵģƵġ
鰡ܸǷӣ˵ȥ۶һ
߽ݱ֮ƿ˾棬Ժԭŵɢһգ˶ĿƵĶ߽ȴ
߽֮ìܽˣҲͣ˳ȥ׼硣
ڿʽЩרҵ˰ɣ
֮⣬ȫϱҵĺͷӶһ͹æˡ
ƺ϶û뵽ôæȫһ绹ΰ˹úҶ˾ϲ֡
Ҫȫǰ߹Ƶġ
ҵͷȴϢ֮Լġ
ҵ֮ǰںһţԴںſں˵˵ʱҲվִԡƶкøС
ڷӣסںլĸڡ
ӵŸ̫̫һֱԸǿߺ̫̫ͷϡԸĵʮͬ顣Ҳӡܺãʱһȥӱϴ·
ҶҪǷϢ̫̫ҶæҲ
ҺһæȻͺƺ׼ʮ˵ķˣæҲ۸Ǻ
濪ʽϣֵĺϱ˽㣬˵Կϯˡ
УСϣ⣬һ㳢ˣЦеĶ֣ȻֽĿʼˡ
ϱúϳȥڳңŮȻˣҲ˵ʲôֻǶСҰæأ
Ҿ㳢ˡϸСƵģΣ
ʲôˣóԵȸϳ԰ˡҡͷʧЦҲ˵ơ
һ㴫ζԺŵ˴Ρ
߽ԴϴγԹƵڱ֮һֱʱŵζ۾ˣ쳤˲

147¸լͲ

ʳƶλ棬ֻҪС¶һ֣㹻λθˡ
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ϯһ㶼ϯŮ˺ͺڳﵥСԡ
ԺͺЩԺԣϡơæλһڳԡ
ȻСԣ˺һģһġ
ɩ治ˣôⰡһ⣬̲סп
ҵļҾãӣȻϴСˣʣҲòս
ǵԼûгԹˣû뵽ҰæȻʳôá
Ҳ֪ҵǽ̺ǰƣæ˰죬Ե㡣
ǣҸÿ˶Щˣһʱȥ˳վ̨ߵĺһ˵һָָԱ߸Ÿǲļ롣
ôһ˵ϵ˲ɸмѡ
ʵôõĲˣҲż˺ӣԼԣʣµĿûȥһ֡˭֪ƾȻ뵽һ㣬ȫ׼ˡ
ʣµĴȥ͸ճԤ¡
ģȻʮָм
ҷĵĿʼãƽΧȹ˲֣ûǶһСŽ
ƣզ³԰ϿƲʵ
ЦЦȳԣȰ˳ȸүү͹ȥ
ϽȥɣȥأϳͷȻŤͷ˵ǸТ˳ĺúӰ
ǰġ²ۺ̫̫ȴͻȻԼϺͺƵ˵̫ãǸЦ
ƶ֪ǸֱӣȻ⣬ЦЦߡ
ƣҪҸһȥɣϲ̫ĵվϺơ
˵ʵԴӺϺҪӣĶ̤լ벽ˡ
û뵽ƾȻôϸģȻѺϺͺ̫̫Ĳ˳
תͷɻı飬̲סЦˣС˵ôүүҲǳֻҪˣС
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ҡͷû¡ȥԷɣ
Уˡûмָȥլ֪ԼȥҲﲻʲôæܻú̫̫䱾ˡ
ƸһĵЦݣתš
ԺڷӣΧϵĲ޲ڡ
ǲɫζǷû
󷽵ңǹϲġ
óԣ˿治
ǣϸɻʱҲûгԹôóԵĲ˰
ЩŵҲ÷ô⡭
Ի²죡˵һ䣬˾

һߴڳԲˣһ죬ʮ֡
Ϊҵĺӡ
ЦݵкҶԵʱ򣬾ͿŮ˳
ӣ׼ȥ
ƣɶȥæʵ
ͣסŲҰѲ˳ȸүү͹ȥ
ޣãүү˵һʱȥϯʮ⣬ͬʱҲޱοŮƬТġ
Ӧһָ߽ʯ߽˸кʩʩȻ뿪
һ·ϣÿ첲ϵشȥүүͲˡ
Ӵ嶫ͷһ·ߵլϰ˶֪լͲ˵ˡǲɷ׷׸пҶТ˳ܵƽĶԴܵźϺͺ̫̫빤ʱ򶼲ǸͲˡ
ߵլſڣƲûֱӽȥǹվڴſڽеүү̣ڼ𣿡
Ѿͷʲô̫̫ݴ˳
ţӰſڣһƵĶźơ
Թ
ǵǳЦӯӯĽеٸһ㣺̣Ҽҽ·˿磬Ͳ
ôģ̫̫䱸Ķ
̣ôô˵أίȻҼҸǷӣ涼¶ﻹǼǹүүǵİ㿴Ǽ˲ˣүүأ
˵ţС˳ƿĸӡ
һŨζƮ˳ĺӶ£ŲС
̫̫бۿȥŵһ⣬ͮͮɫ鲻Խʿˮ
ˣ̫̫Ȼ˵˵ߣǼҲ֪˶ٺóԵģôǣ

148²˷

̣ôô˵أۼĿӰζ󲮼ҴҲһӰЦȴѹı飬ҼθǷӣǷ˼ʮӵծɴҵҵ˵СҪͯȱǮҵսȥǮҲȰʮӸүү͹ˡ
̫̫飬һǷծƭ˭أǮǻʲô·ӣ
Ǯǹģû뵽ͻȻǩ顣ƺƢĽţҷּҵʱǼɶҲ֪˲ףһֻڻŶأ
̫̫Щתת飺˭ǴˣҿǷǸɴǣжС㣡
ĺڰǶӣסĴ©Ʒﲻ˵ǳӹ󷿡
бģȴ¶Ϊѵɫ̣ǶϾǷֳȥˡһӹǼң˻᲻ǵļǰʱͻ˵СгϢΪǶ
ޣСгϢʲôϵ̫̫
ʼ磺С绨ҼҵӶ飬ô˵Ҽûϵأ
˭ˣѾͷ̫̫ҪĺȻקקĸ첲
ȻѾͷѲˣ͸Ͻ˽ݰɣȻһˡ۾ֱĳСĺ⣬޲ֱץ
̫̫źưһ죺ѾͷѲù
̣Ҹʢɣ軹ҪûȥġץС衣
̫̫Сģģޣ˭ϡ裡ţ
˵꣬תȥȡ衣
վԭأ۶źСֱˮ
Ŀ⣬ƹһС˵㰡ȳû죡
˵ţҪȥСĺ⡣
ҵģʱ໵Ľһ˹ȥҪеС衣
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ѵһ
Сڳײ˵ϣ˿һء
ԭ͹ͮͮĺڵϹ˼ȦճһٲȻûˡ
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һɲһĲ˶˵ϣš
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ôץ㿪п޽е̣ҿ۵ģСøղųײˡ
úõʲô϶ѾͷĸΣǳԣҽǴ㲻ɣ̫̫ΪԳԵˣû뵽Ѽӷˣʱ˿̵֪
ǻŭֻܷйϡ
ƱͷǱĶͣģ̣ˣĲҡ
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ѵõĲ״ú̫̫һֱѹֵһֹ˳С·Խң̫̫Խá
ǣ̫̫Ĺˣ׷
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ĳæǰܡ
ˣˣǸɶ
˼ѾͷͲˣզ˼أ
ݰҪѾͷͷ޶ģ

˱ͻʶͬߣͷ޶㣬ˮĲ״ҷ׷ָ̫̫ͺ
̫̫ˣϹûѾͷѲ˿۵ˣôЩⶼϹˣ
ȥŰѲײˣôȫѾͷϣһϵƱ⡣
̫̫ȥֻ۾ˣ
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ۻ軨𣿲ҿˣҲˣ̫̫ߵСкһѣʵ˵˵ղ㿴ʲôˡ
ҵӽ꣬зϲС
ΪҵĶϱŮôһӣԷϲǷҵı޲õһۡ

149Ĳǲԣ

ҿùóȥƽ⣬Ȼ͵ˡϲͷһ׺ݵĺ̫̫ЩµԼ㣬Ǽְѻ˵ˣȻ̾ͺùһƽ㡣
һС֪ɶ˵˵̫̫װͰ͵ĵһ۷ϲ
ϲŵĽץס̫̫ĿȲ֡
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ΪϲСָ谮ٳţơϸûһ
һûʲôϸĺӣȻ˵ѡ
ڳȻҲŷϲĻ̫̫ͺ񶼱ˡ
ôˣŻһӣǲ֪ߣ
ҪģҲôߵڰװ
˼ѾͷĸͲˣһٴǡ
ǵ󣬿ƫƫÿһֶ˺̫̫䣬ͨ졣
ƫƫʱ򣬺ӵĿˣ̣ˣҪһؼҿûвˡ
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ί̣ûԾͲˡڻȥҲǳʣ˰Ȼ̿ϣҾͲˡ
˵ֳ꣬ܵĴǾϹԲ𣬴ŴˡҲãСùʱһûж衣һǲҪˣߣ
ĵǸУЩֵĴǸѾͷɶ£ȫƫһߣ׷׳ָ̫̫Ĳǡ
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̫̫˼ԣºԼƵһ̫̫ͺϣ׳Կ
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տգϲˣռֲܿʵռֲɿտմռء

150º

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151Ѫˣ

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152̫

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㣬ôˣƱ֯Եʱ䣬ɵ˰Ҳ￪ڣֻԼʵ
ϵĺֿʼᣬĺۿҧ˵ƣżң̫
һ˵ĻɼżұȻǱ۸ĺˡ
ĬĬݹȥȻһϵ
Ϊ̫˵ʱЩ״ΣʱʱӼʾԼڵǣⲢ˽ľ

153²

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ˣļױȻҪ
żұҲʲôԣ˼ңѾȫҵļҵˡ
ָ޹ȥܶױ˭֪ױ˺ᣬżҵ˸ӿϺֱѾһʹ
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ÿθҴȥĶһûȥͱżҵ˹ϷˣЩԵûгԵһڡ
ˣҵ죬żһѹЩ·ͻҲǣȥԺҪԼꡣ
ģˣҲٻˡ
УżҵȻûаɻ˵¸ڽӴ
Ϊ಻ãڸɻʱεΡûаģΪͬһѸˡ
ܻҲΪȥϴ·ʱǸѸԷ䳰ȷ֪Լɷ˱Ůˡ
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Щ˵˺Ŀϡ
뵽Լȥӣ̲סᡣ
Ͽ˿ĴŮΪѣզѾ޵żˡ
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飬ֱŮ϶Ҫ˵ʲô˵Ļ
Ȼһ룬˵ҿܸаż˲ܶԴãǴ㲻ɴ룡
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żҶԲȣ˵ˣܱôҾͲŴ뿪żҾͻˣüϴűɣۼڵżҺã˻ܳԵúôůӣԺҴŴ׬ǮҾͲۼˣ˭Ʋǣ

154

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Ŵͣ춼ûϡ
ΣǳѾͷϹ˵ɶҲˣ
ҾǾûʲôȴĺøҪǿ㿴żҴĥɶˣڴ㻳أǻصżٹӣֻºӾıסˣҿ˵ŮСпܻģҲ£
˵ˣ˵ˣϱ˵Щ£ֹȥСϴûϽ˯ɣ
ƵĿɨˣټȰ˵תȥ˳ݽŵĺϡ
ҹ¹͸ڴϡ
շת˯ž
Ƕú˵ȥ˵ЩȴͬӡԺһ֮ȥ
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ǰζû뵽ġ
룬Ŀ
뿪żң
֪ΪΣͷʱоȻһֿͽѵĸо
˼ȥһҹ˴նźȦ˴
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ҲŲСأľ졣
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˼ΪɫŮľͺ޲ȥҪȻôͬĹѸһأ
ɫе񣬺ƾ񿴵һġ
򣿡ŷθĸоü˵ǵˣ㣬̫ûлˣҶ˴ʲôˡ
仰ͷԺ˵ġ
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ǰ̫æˣûʱ䣡ԺԳ߶ѻӹȥƤЦ˵
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СԺԺ˵ûиΪʲô㻳л죬һ㶼ģ涼¶
ⲻǲ֪ȻƤЦǲ֪˺öط⼸ܵȶˡҪǺȻ뵽пܻˣһأ
˵Ļ򵥣ƤһƤɾ˭Ҳû֤˵ûȥҡ
ͺȥˣû취
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ЩҭȥĶңȥͬѸҿ˺ü죬Ķ˰˵ˣƽղڼҸɻڵϸɻȥĶ
תת飬ĺҽʱ˵ۼҸ·ˣһլأҪǸӡǲİ
ôûӲ˵
һ۶ŹˣôӵҪӰɣ

155

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˭˵İҼլض˵ôЦȴ⡣
仰Ĺ򣬾ۼۼҵĽˡ˵ĵ׽⻰ﻰ⣬Ϊʲôڴӵ£
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ñ°ԣһЦʶŮĶܴϻѹ֡
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ۿҡųȥҪȥȴ
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÷ߵʱ۽ǵ⿴ǸվſûжǸߴӰ·һСɽסеķꡣ
߽ղǶлˣվſڸ߽л
ղŴŮҪˤʱĶᵽɤ۶ˡֺ£ңЩ
Լҵļ£߽ײˡ
߽Ȼҡҡͷ֮͡ȸˡ
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صʱ̲ס˵һ䣺ٵľǲһɶ¶ǸСر򶨣һ㲻š
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ǵȻˣô߽ҲǶ飬ģһϣ
Сôϣ
ĬĬŵ˵ͷһԡ
㣬ˣһ۰ɣվڿرߣźĽʵ
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ðɣﻹϴиҩ˵ϴԴиҩ
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ںҶҪڴ嶫ͷ·Ǵ˰ƽԭеƶĸ֡
˯ʱ䣬ҾĵһƬ
룬ûţֱ߽ԺסСݵš
˭ҵЩ˻ƣ˵껰͵Ϳ˼
˵Щ㣬Ī˵ģҲúأ
ңǺơ
䣬ű汻˴ˡ
ôˣҹ𴽽ǣЦƦƦģȴſڲûúƽݵ˼
Ȼ˧ֻЩ࣬ƺûϢá
ƴɫĸߣ¸ģ
¸ʲô΢΢ͷüëʡ
óԵĶס죬ҶҪֺ졣ЦĴɻĿôҽȥ𣿷̸ֺ̫ðɣ
ҳĬ룬ƦƦЦˣһСҪ˵ӣ̫ðɣ
ƣ
һ£Ϊʲôͺζ
ƽʾ֭ô༥ʱȴֺȻ˺һȻôôܲأ
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ƣ죡ʲô֣ĵȥ
տգأˣ˼ǿռ֣ũ֣
~~~С糡~~~
ƣҪʲôȥҪ³
аһЦˣѾҪȥȸҰѳˣ

157Ĳ

ӿտյıԹߵĶҡ
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鵰ʲôҵģ㷢ʲôҳô˧ҲԿ
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תת飬Ȼĸ㣺ģͦóԵġҪҪ
ŶҲʳҵߴӸϻˮ۷۵Ĵϣҵ죬Աġ
ģԼ촽
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⣬ȻúƻҵԴѹ
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֪Ϊ̫̫רעҺȻʹٸӣȴȻ˵ôʲôǲȲ޸ˣ
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ô׬ǮֺοҪ޸
ֻǣ֢ʼеһ̣һͻЩ
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Ϊż˻£ͷӦģһ취ģ
׼ʲô취ҳʵ
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ţﶼǺڵģ˼£üͷһˣ
ĿУơ໡Ľһܣܱ߾찡ҾȻ˴죡

158м

źܾСһܳѸٵʧҴſڣһֹ̧˷š
һ̣ȻŻڵء
亹̼ȫð˳ʪϴŵɫӡ
ʱҵ˫Щ񣬶ͷ϶ϸܵĺ飬ֽѪɫ
۾˻ֳŵأվ
һ򵥵Ķ˵ȴޱȣЪ˺üɡ
ǽϣҪȥˮȿˮȴһֱͣӶòȡ
顱һ
ɱڵأˤķѡ
һصˮѳɼˮϢѿ죬¶һԳʧЦ
Ӷ˲סˣ
Ȼȿˮ
죡
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ĥôã־ᶨͳŲȥˡ
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һͬ˵
Լܸʲô
Żʲôã
һ˲䣬˷ͷ
˵Լûߺߣץ˰ɣ
ŶȻƿͬʱһϤС
̧һ˫ǽӡ
ǲ׼Լ𣿡һһҡԴ߽ӡ
֡ץ˰ɡǲǺĵ飬Ψû˿ͱӡ
ҾҡͷԵ߽ýŰѵϵƬߵһߣһˮݵԼǰ
ô˲ס˰ι㣿ƼҲ΢΢ͷֶűӾҴ͡
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Щ˻ģȻǣ³񺣡
ֻǣţЩԸ
ſˮʱ򣬾ͷȻɫȻǴŲ̬Ĳ԰ףͷԺöˡ
ʳ¯Ⱥˮ˱ˮҸǰС̡
һΣû͵Էߡ
ҿһðˮԼƺůһЩ
𴽣ƺ̫˵úˮң㲻ǳղôԵģ
о죬ⲻ̫󣡺˿
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Ⱥˮһ·θů˲٣Ҳûôˡ
ǵȻһһӣˣжѿĽ˵׬˶٣ѹûʵıˡ
ֻǣǹӵ⾢ȴôҲڸǲסͬ͵Сһ㡣
ô̵ʱ侹Ȼ׬ٶӣһ˿죬·ʶһϸźơ
ĿȥôҸЩ˿Լģֻǽһͷѣ
Ŷǽͷ׼ҷֶӰҿǸزūģЦʵ
˰죬һ۵˵ǳӵǮһʮӰɣ
ٶ͸ҷʮͷüһഽ΢΢ҡͷʲôʱҵͷôֵǮˣ
Ϊ˭ͷʲôֵǮģЩû˵кİ˼˳
ôҪȥߺլˣطѹҸģв
ŭ㱰ɣ
һиɵ飬ҪҪһҺЦסָԼǼָССָⴵ˿
ָ³΢Ϣ
ֽȻͬ¶ȣȴӪһֱķΧ
Ƶĺˡ
мưôôɣĽţȴ˵ʲô飿˵
տգˣڿķŶ
ƣûУ
տգΪмƣȴˣ
һķⲻҪ˽⣬֪֪˰սʤ
տգޣ˽⣡ˣҪ뵽ʲô̶أ
ƣտգҪٿռЩ߰С˵ҾͰЩȫɾ
տգأˣЩ鲻ǰ࿹˫꣡ء

159±ץ

ĺϻ
ʵﱻҵϷҲˣȻܱռֿտտһѳ
һ򿪳ǾԼǼGĸƬС˵׿ˣ
ȵȣΪʲôҵϷˣ
عĺĪ㤣ҵ񶼱ˡ
ôĺ⣿գգۡ
ɫ԰ףԲ̬˧˧磬գ۷ųĵѹȻǧ
ƾԼ絽ˣЩ
ΣһԼղ˵ʲôˣ
ԼĻ˵ˡ;Ѿͷֱе㲻Ծԭˡ
֮£ֻðѸղ˵ظһ顣
ҪҺϿ¥ˡ
ҵͷԣҾȻôϲˣ翪¥Լʦ
ƣ
Լϲˣоʳϲʦȥǧƪһôֲˣ
Ҹ¥ǩ飬ÿҪٸṩ˵Ĳסƴǳ鴤˵
֮⣬Һæûȥʲôʦ
ҲΪ⣺ûϵ¥²Ҿȸһи׼ȿϸ¡
⻰ʲô˼òǸԼ¥ֻ֪ͨԼһԼģ
ιһûӦ۸ë
ƼֱҪǺˣðһ£¥Ļҵʦˣ𣿡
ҿ԰ӣܹʡ΢Ц
Լţۻӣݣһֺ̰ƿҪ޳ˡ
ǲǡӹ˵¾ͲͷˣȫԼư֣ҵ˼ǣȻԼܹˣˣҪʲôԼ¥ΪɶҪǮ
˵Ļֱ˰ɣ㻹ôʲôڣ
ҰﲻȺˮ£һЩ׵ԴͲ˵¥ô򵥡ҺϻҿԱ֤רˣЩӰ˵¶ҡ
ȷʵ¥ˡô򵥡ܻԾֵһЩԾձѻݺǮȵȵ
ĿԼЩӰ˵£ʧΪһܺõĺ
е㶯ˡ
Ͼļƻ¥ǳ¡
϶ӦԸ񣬺̫СҪȥ飬˰ﲻæֻҺϻˡ
Ҫ˺Ϊβѡ֪֪׵أ
źһ˫۾˼ţҹЦЦüؼԺǡǺˣһ
á֣صĵ˵ͷ
Լ֮Ҿһ˲Ϳ͵̬
Ⱥ߳Ҽʮ֮ͻȻع
Լȥ̽Ҳô̸¥ȥˣ
˶ˣٷҲ̫ʡ
ֻȻؼңĥŹȥҿңȥһЩԼĳʳԱ⡣
˭֪һߣȻܾúܾöûлȢҡ
ΪƸߵ嶫ͷͿܶΧԼǰܿԼԺ߶Ӱ
æܹȥôˣʲô£
վΧۼĿĳֱ֡
ƲףӣҼҳɶˣ
ʱӲԶԴҲʱеӴѾͷˣүأ
Դĺ˴ǵɧҷ׷׳˹
ʲôı鶼С
ֻͬ飬ۺɫ
ӦЩ۾ȻԼġ
ǣԼʲôأ
¥Ĳ׳⣬ǹ¥Ķѿ£
в²ţȴ˿ԣǰȥ
ɫ·Ĺٲ˳ͷĹٲͷߣȧǺܸߣЩ̱
´˺һۣǺƣ
ǡ֪үҺ£侲ʵ
ͷĹٲشһ֣Ѻȥ
Բ۳ƱƽҪץסĸ첲
һδ޵СǱ˵ץס첲ѺߣԺôˣ
˺һ˵ѺԼߣôˣһСﻹ˲ɣ
ͦʶࡣͷĹٲĬĬ°ͣЦǾ͸߰ɣ
ʱϺͺҲ˳
ƣƣϼֱᣬѾЩˡ
Ҳſޣкų˹㣬ߣ
Сϣæֹ뿪죬Ū˾ͻˡˣúŵ
ŪͷĹٲˣСЦ
Ļĵһֱ̫
Ҫסǵġ
ôпռ֣ҲԱȫԼ

160̫

ŮٲΧţҲǰȴǰĹٲסˡ
ֻ۰Ͱ͵Ŀźưοƣ£һ취
Ҳ¡Ƴ΢΢ҡҡͷǸù٣ԩ˵ģ
ⲨͷûһףͷҲһµĲͷ
뿴ǸͷٲķӦ
Ȼ̱Ĺٲ֣۵һĨм֮ɫ
ƣȥ󲮣ģһ취״ε˵š
ֻ֪Ǹͨׯں뵽İ취Ҳֻȥ󲮺ˡ
ǣûйܰʲôæ
ȥˣҲֻᱻǺƵƭӡ
ȥ󲮣ûõģ鼱֮зɿһͷǳ˵һģٹһҾҪˣȰ·ӸǺãҪ·ӳޣ
ͷĹٲ¶֮ɫ·˵С챣סˣȻżˣ
Ʋ֪ԼİʾûУڸЩ֮ǰͷңһûµģһҪúûأ
һ˵һ߳Ｗ۾
Ѿͷǲɵˣɶʱ˻˼˵أ
㿴ŵЩˣ۾Ҳˡ


ǵƴﴫźŵĺƲߡ
Լֻգ۾ʱͣеòãΪʲô˵зһ
֪ܲĺͿ޳˵ϵûƸİţҲܴǵôȥ£ջǱ۴ˡ
ӰڰԲм䣬Եø
Զĺͬڣһһе۵ͦʶʱû͹ԹԸˣ
վһޱӡ
һźƵıӰһľګ˵˵ˣЩ˸ȫֻģԺͶֻ֣
а̫ײˣҿǴ򣬾˵ģ㵱ҵ˵ЩֶϽŵ²̫ðɣͬ˵
аȻľګӵңӹҽ𣿡
ƽ˵ɵĻľګı飬ֱΥͼˡ
ӹҽбš
аô꣬ӵԽԽӹҽʲô
жʱˡ
һ£ޱȾɥ
ҽͽߵĶ𾴣ߵĶ˹ƫƫʱеĶ޿κΣ
ôְ꣬취ֻԶİ취ڵĶѹס
ֹʣα
ڵĶԽԽ࣬ԽԽǿȻûжЩ޴ڵĶҲʳӵ塣
ȥһӵĶѹƲסˡǸʱ򡭡
вȥ
սȭͷʵʦǱϢ𣿺ֲûУ
ûϢа
ͬʱĬ֮С
Σа˶Զˣҵøȥˡ
֪аȥƣǲ÷ĵ˵ͷţȥɣ
аת뿪ܿʧеС
վԭطһҡͷЦ̾˿ԼҪסˣ˼Ǹã
̫صڴƽģ밲ƽжʮ·
ͽȥĻҲҪһʱ
ƱΪЩۻԼȥţ˭֪˰ƽԺЩ۾ȻѺһ
ܺ治ڷС輸ϻһʵ̺ӡ
Ȼ̺ӲǸ׼ġ
Ϊ̺滹ббһŻ۵ˡ
Դˣ˴ˡͷĹٲϥǰλ㱨
λԴ΢΢˰°ͣ
ǡͷٲĵӦţȻתƵʱɷ״ϽȥҪ㼸仰ʵ㣡Ȼܵģ
ҪСԴװģĺֹ
жͷٲЦӦһǡȻԺ˵ԴƣϽͷллˣ
ֲСῴһһ͡
ر𵭶ɨһ۶Ȼ̧ԴˣǲǱͷ
˵ʲôأװͰ͵ǰҪȴԴ˺ֹ
ȥԱߺţԴ֧ʹ£ƣЦȻҪͷϳ
˼Ҵﶼ˲ڼӵǫ̬ƵȻٲʶʱ
΢ͷ̧
Ϊԯܸߣϳ̬ЩǱȴһ㶼ûоò˼̬ȻĽ˳ᣬ

161±Ŀ

Դ˾λ˼
֪ԼڿȻ˿Ӱ죬ôѿûаֵĲ˼
µĶźƣ·뽫λһ
ȻĿע£ȴֻǾ̧ʵԴץҪʲô
ҪʲôԴ˷ʡ
ҡͷֻ֪ǸͨĴã֪Դˡ
ԴƺôʸоȤ
ûеԴ˵ĻΪһʼ͸Ҹ
ùٲֵȥץԼԼӦ죬ֻҪڴǰѺŸ첲ˡ
ңղλԴû׼Ҳǹ֧˸Լʣ뿴Լô
ƿǰλԼʮԴˣаôһӻˮأ
Դ˲֪ԼڱǰС︹ţ˼û뵽ƫƧı߳Ҳô˼СҲ֪ǻҰҰ֪ú£ĳ侲ȡ
й£ĪҪ⡣νţȻֵһݹȥⱭ裬ѹѹ
ƽӹǱûкȣֻлԴˡ֪ʲôֱ˵
˵³µҲںɽԴ״ĵţȴһҲû뿪ơ
ƺԥĵ˵ͷûںɽժӡ
ǺʲôɵˣʲôԴʡ
룬ҡҡͷûС
ȷԴȻš
۾峺̹ĵȻȷûʲôҲûмʲôɵˣ
𣿡ԴĿ΢䣬ζƬ̣˵˵Ǻ๫һϵɽ
ԡҡѾˡƴ󷽵ĳϡ
ȻûбӭȢң֮ɳƺΪ๫ˣԴôҲûд
Դ˺̹ϣ๫Ǹʲôˣ
ˣȻǶףࡣһ͵ϹɽҲ˽ƾöԷڸԼףɫ͵
Դ˴֪๫ʲôʱصİƽɣ
ʮ˵ʮǰһġЩϢֻҪҸƽĴܴĵԺûıҪ
Դ˵˵ͷ֣
֣Ʋ̧ʲô
ȻлԼӦѾˡԴ˵ָС輸˼£㲻˵ҾĸĸӦҵĸ
вưҧҧ³ߣʱ
ðһ£Ǽʱ
Ȼ֪ðʣǺ֪Լ˵Է϶ҪвԼȥץԼĵ
³
Դ˶ʮ⣬е
ڣ
ȥϢ
ǣ
ţƿ˳źƤЦⲻЦ˵ɣ
ҪԼˡ
ǵǿֻܼ¡
ûаѺƹؽηǽһԺ䡣
νԺ䣬Ժ䣬͡
ͨ˴֮һǽǽ£öš
˶ţܽլ
լгŴŵ֮⣬ֱж᷿Կסˡ
᷿䣬ƣͱڿߵǼ䷿С
Ժ䲻󣬲õĺܼ򵥣ȻΪʱ֮ء
ݺƹ۲죬Դ˺ͶûסһԼʮĸ˺׳
λϵĸ˳ú׳ʵźļӣȻǸʹӡ
׳ӡ
סĸڣ׳ס᷿һסǰԺŲ֪˭ס
ÿӸƵӣĻռ;ڶ᷿Ǹʮƽ׵С
Ʋ֪ԷԼﵽʲôǸԴ˿϶ǱĿģҶԷƺҸĸȤ
Ҳ취ȥӵĻӷ·Ǹưͣ˵ʲôûаӦ
˼죬ÿ˳Ծ˯
ΨһõľǵϵʱԳûռִһء
ʱޱԼ֮ǰҪһЩѺ͵֣ڸպöڿռ
ЩѾջһѡһɹɣһʡ
Ϊÿһũĳɳջʱ䲻һѯ˿տգҪʱ䳤ĺͶ̵ֿջʱ᷽һЩ
Ҫʱ䳤ľˮʳֲջҪʮСʱʱ̵ǴСײɫ߲ˡ
ֲˮȽ鷳ҪȽˮˣȻֵؿĤ¡
Һãռ¶ˣֻҪ¾ܹѿ
ˮ糤ٲˮ
죬ջˮһҪʳļˡ
еӶֲջ񼤻ԺԺƽҲڱˡ

162±İ

һ峿ɫƲŴӿռæ춯
ߵǰӴ쳯ȥ˼һ˴ӶŽֱݡ
ȼ͸ֽԼӰζ
ţһӰ߸֣һɫӰӳһ˳˹ȥ
žһ죬ڼžԺȴԵʮͻأ
̣
Щ棬߶ȦȻ˸򿪷š
ķŲûЩ˾ô˿ţһСܲˡ
ʵϣǲܡ
Ϊܵ˺ܲһӳȥЩٰѵСץ͵òʧˡ
վڷſڣƴ˸ǷĴһ£ָںͶ᷿Ȼĵģûһ㶯
ǣƵ߳ţݵķȥ
ʲôأˣò˯ˣҡڵߵſڣһƿһµ
һƿڵ龰
ӾȻûκμҾҲûдȫȫһѶƹη
ǽϹźܶ̾ߣЩ̾մȾŵѪѾȫɫ
ԭשɵǽҲȫɫէһһͿĨȥȾϡ
֪ǲȾϣѪ
Ѫ
ʱǸܽȥ󱻰˷ϣֻнż΢΢ŵ档
ʹԴݣɫȫǰ߰Ѫ͸˺ĿӿԿðѪ˿ڡ
һߣΨһһϣ׳һһҵվ࣬һʱģ
ǸñӵŶ춯һʱعͷ鿴
ʲôģȥȵ
Ϊȱһ˵Щ©硣
ԭװʱˣһյŵı顣
ǣǡµ˺ѾЩˡ
Ҳ˹ӴԭǺﰡ˺˯ǲ˼
˵Ų˼ȴʮˣ·ҪѺҲһ㡣
ҡһȥ˯Ʊŵһ飬תܡ
һ·ܻض᷿ţջĿ⡣
ǸűӵӻһʵүҪ𣿡
ٳһӣӻ֡
ֱߵĺ̲סֹүҿСѾͷСĸƵģŵĲˡ
ô֪ЦһԸԺ󣬻£ϸŵ㣡
Ǹȱһñӵˡ
˿ûаѺǸСѾͷȻү˵ˣ֣صĵͷǡ
صĺƱţ괭˼ؿС̫꣬ݼˣ
뵽ղԼĳתȦ
Ǹģ
ΪʲôҪԼ
ѵΪԼ
Լ֪Ѿȫ˵ˣʲôɽأ
ʣû˸ֻƵɻشϡ
ûܿ϶ղһĻǶġ
ԭܼ򵥣ƽи紵ݶģƿܸоڶԼ
ɽƿܵԺˣںͶ᷿Ȼһ㶯ûС
ͬʱ˯ôɣ
ҶҪʲôҪһվ⿴ذɣȻԼ޸֮СŮӶܴȥʵ̫Ͻˣ
ȻҲпǾûصԼĵûбҪ˷ŷ磬֮²ȥÿһĻ
ÿģôʱӦѾˣ
Ϊζֻһȴȫûжֵ˼أ
˼˰죬Ҳ벻Ȼֻı󶯣ȿԷʲô˵
һϵĺʱ˯ˣʲôʱߵĶ֪
˯͵ʱ򣬲űʰӵӳѡ
˯ۣӰѷ˷ŵϣ˻λԴʵʲô˰
ɨأ
ӵ̬ȣѾϰˡ
Ϊϴ֮ԹԵĳԷ
һԼˡô˵ҲҪӡ
ķóԣҲֻ˵ˡ
Һúƻпռ䣬ʵڲ˿ԳԵռƹ֮ġ
ŷһӰȻſڣӶʱһ
̧ͷǸһɷĵӡ
ĥĥĸʲôأϽүѷ͹ȥүǸ˺
æͷ
ֺˡ
֪ΪʲôһֶԷڹ̬Լĸо
ȻԷϣԼע⵽ԼƫƫҪӶԷ
뵽ſӳ

163ץԼӣ

Ȼϣļ죬ǸͷǰˢڸС
еʱ򣬶ԷἰŵǸӡ
Եúʮֺ棬ڻһ˵ҪǸٵʱ˳ŶԷĻʵү˭
ǿǸ֪𣿡һصӡ
룺֡
֪ˡ
ֵķʣΪʲôҪ֪Ǹү𣿡
ֹˣɿСѾͷıֲ٣תˡ
ү᲻ŪˣСѾͷ֪˭ôӵͬأ
صݣⲽԼɻ߶˳
үհǣ˵֮ǰˡ
ʱȻȻͷɢѪۣȴʮɵڵϣûаʹ֮ɫûС
ڵӣвˬ㵹ɣֻҪʱʱˡأһҪѾ˼ȥԸǸСѾͷƬӡ
˵ˣ˵ȥѾͷǰôˣһҲ˼˭
ˣʡͷ˲²⡣
ҡҡͷܰɣҿԵú˯㣬ҲŵӰ
Ƿ֮ͷ°ͣһʮСһοֵطұ̣ѪȻ͵ʱһ£͸ûһ㲻úܿ𣿡
еͷȴ־ﲻԣ֪
ͷڵķŶµʱذɣ֪ɶ˵ˣһֻұʵʲô֪
ô
Ȼˣͷһô׵룬ϼɱ˵ˣôΪʲôǸڣ
ΪǸʶʵ
ͷ˵ĵͷûҪ취˿죬ϵ˭ɱǵˣ
⻹򵥣˵ˣ׼ȥѺץ
ȵȣͷ˸ϽסӲҪȻǸϷΪϹ𣿡
ϹץץͷѵҪһֱϷ棿
𼱣а취ͷתת飬˵Ѿͷͦб£˲׸ϵľ¥׬˲ӡ϶ղһȥ̫ѳԣСѾͷ÷͵ȻҸͷ뿪һҺѾͷദʱ䣬ʱҡ
ȫ֪˵Ĺ˼ĵԺʳ
ԴӻԺһȨǻΧլԺˡ
ڣûԺҲû˹ֻһţͻڶŵ׳ס
һ㣬ѾץʮˣƶҪˡ
ȥˣûйЩ˺ģ
ҪҪԴˣ
˼ţѵ
תվſڣǰĵϿһ̲ˣм仹űˤĴƬ
ӣʲôƲˣѳˣ滹ɳӣүѵ𣿡ƿڴ
ƿ©ݣĪϲСĪȱʧô
ҡֻЩӲĽ͡
Ǻô죬һӿ˵
ڣƶΪưˡ
ӵ϶˻ƣ絶Ƭһ㣬˻ܡ
üˣ죡Ǹ˭СѾͷ᲻
ָ
һ£ҲָԼıӣң
ϻﻹбСѾͷ𣿡ûķۣ֧ʹȥүú˶˹
˵꣬ҡڵĻݡ
վԭطƺûзӦ߹ǰ˻ΣŻع
Ǳߣ˵꣬תߡ
εĸȥԼѰ·ѵԷץԼȱӣ
СλݺͶ᷿֮ĽķģԼƽҡ
ʰĻɾϰڷһЩʱ߲ˡ
ϰԵļһϣֻΡǺʹףԱ߼Ϸһˡһôײ˺
ɸΪ֮
ô㶫ʲôɣ
ƺȴҲΪԷܷȥˡ

164Ҹ

򵥵һײ˺һǰƱʾӽ˶ߡ
˭֪ɨһۣѹ֡
͡³֡
úƻë
ƺֻԼӲȥݡ
Ϊ˾ûˣ˭֪սӷΨһĵϣ˵ȻˣҲţѷ˸һι˰ɣ
ȻԼι
Ƶɴۣүҡ๫ˡ
֪ҽιֲɱģ᲻˵⣬۾ôѵҪүȥźһˣ
²òͷ
ֻöߵǸͷɢķǰҲû취һ°ɣ
˵꣬һӰײ͹ȥ
ͷķͷ΢΢̧ͷ¶һÿҲԣ
ȴ쳣ᶨ
үԡתͷȥ
ŭûţҸ㣡֪˵үɣ
˵ţץһѰ׷ߵǷǰÿŵֽ˵׷˽ȥ
ƲԳԷƣүȥȻү㣡Ķʮִ³ҭǷֱۡ
Ƽ״æȰүҭˣҪǲĻøϽȵˮ
ˣ㿴үȥˮ˵ת󲽳ȥˡ
ƣ
ǲɵ
һ÷һҪˣְѷҭ
ǷѵҪڵ
ޱͬתͷǸҭķ۵ķˡ
˭֪ǻԺ󣬱ҭİķȴȻޡĽе׷˳ȫûаҭŵӡ
ɷһæͷķĿˡ
ɻĿûп
ġҲǻˡ˿˵ţĵһſڵķ
鶯˶˭
ҡЩԥҵݲ͸¶
ŶƺǾˡ
ˣʲôʲôˣ
˭֪ôܺҰæʼ硣
˱ҭһ£漴ʾһЩѹ˵ʵӵˡ
˵󣬷۾һգգĶȴķӦ
̧ž޲Ŷ
ŶⷴӦҲ̫ƽˣͷװ˵ץȴȻòӲͷƤȥܰ´Ϣȥ𣿡
ܡƹҡͷ
ȻΪʲô
壬Ҹ𣿡ƷʣȻҿһʱҪǲԣҾˡ
ĿΪʲôѾͷķӦԼȫһڵĴöôʵ𣿲ͲܼΪŵȳһˣ
ƶһûӦֱӸɴķȥˡ
ճſڣӭ濴͵үǷ˲ϳԷ˷ʳûιˡ
ԣ㶡
ƵͷšүȻˡ
áʣҲûж˵ʲôֱӽȥǸװ˵ͬȥˡ
Ƶ᷿ߣվڳſԼ֡
ҪǰʣӰһת˳ٲȻǲ˵
״ҲûȤӡ
ɻشϣеĿʼտ졣
ƣտհСҽơ
տգˣ
ƣȻأ
տգϽӳȥŶ˷ʱ䣡
ƣΪԸŰôѳԣ
տգΪʲô
ƣôˣһ۵Сô죿ֻܵȡ
տգˣ˭أ
ƣ⻰˵ģҵԵôûԸң
տգȻ֪Ķţտվλ沢ûнʶʲôûлȵĿԡ
ƣ˻ӣϴǸ³˲Ǵ𣿾ʲôӣһͺţ
տգȷλ³ӻǵС
ƣȻСûտ˵ܲˬ˵ģҸоҺԤ֪һᱻץһȻ˵Щʲô˼
տգԼöҪˣôȥ
ƣ˭һҪԼˣҸ㰡һնľҿ϶򵥣
տգߣݶ֣Ȼˡ
ƣտգװ֪֪ҵֱǾƣ
տգӴտպѽʲô̫ӣŵĿտտôҲ׼̫أ

165»

úͿտ죬ͷ˯
˯ϣһαѣĵ죬ȥ
ǣֻһȥ˳
˳ͷֳļ϶С𼦵ɿӣȥ򼦵ü𣿡
ӵͷ
˼ƾͿˡ
һײպһһųԡ
ѷʢȻվſڵ˵ţЩȥɣ
͡ͻȻڡ
û뵽ԷֻܾεĶðɣ;͡ǱߵСʣʹӶʹ
ڰ̾ȴû뵽ס
£ŽȥӴӻͳһƵСֽݸ
ƾ㵵ۣǰɣʲô˳˾ͻεɺҩ
ӻԿ϶ʾϽŽ
ʲôˣҪҳȥ𣿡ӹֽѹʵ
ӿٵĵ˵ôˡǷŵԺȥ
ǡȻйǡ
һЦģӶѾźˣ㾡ܷߣǣļˡ
ӣеʲôˣȴת˳ȥˡ
ѾչһҲûбѡֻܷɿ콫Сֽҩ۷ֱеĲ˺
ΪԷһһˮʣķĩڽȥȻ󽫼ҩˮ׷ϡ
һ֮ŷ˳ȥ
ɣûзź㷵صϡ
ûдӣЩڵ˯á
Ǹˣһ۶Էζ
հѷ˷ϣ˵ˣСѾͷιԵġ
үҲιʳ˵һЩĻƸ״
Ӳˣһ۱ͷķˣĻ˵ʲôˣ
˵ʲôӡҵү˵ʲôԴʵ۾ģޱ档
Ҫ鴤ˣӻ֣ˣȥɣ
һ뿪ڵЦ
аôѾͷ˵ģʲôЦˣ
ͷװ˵һߣ˵ЦʲôЦϽҷ
ӴӴȻᰡЦһŵЦᶼˡ
Ǹŵ촽ˣҧݵ˵ѾͷǲװģҪǱ֪ϷŪңһ
Ҳ˵ηźݻߺƸճţʹĴЦ
ôЦ𣿺ӻЦ㣬ȴһתӭѯʵĿ⡣
΢΢˵ͷԷ߿ˡ
ص󣬺Щŵĵȴţʱʱſڴǰ
һͿӴӶŽ᷿ȥƬֽ̺᷿ݣȴݳ㾶ֱԼ
ҩЧˣ
ɫһϲ򿪷ӭȥ
߰ɣ˽Ӧ˶űͣ½ŲʾԼ򿪴ųȥ
Ʋ׶ԷΪʲôԼһߣȻԷźˣֻҪϾǡ
ͣһŴſڡ
һȥקϳ˳һƨɣܿˡ
ЩܿˡһŮЦе˵
Բ۾رɰֻʮģ
Ƹҿ϶ԼʶԷǣ
ҽаߣҲԽߡаһЦ۾һ޺ڼСá
ȴ֪Բô򵥡Ҳ֪ǸʲôˣȻôСĺӦԼ
ߣáҪȥ
аЦģ㣬ȥ³ǣᰲذƽ塣
³ӣԼй֮Ե³ӣȵʵ
аߵСԴЦ԰ӣھǺ!
գգۣǵӣ
Ȼӣ³³ӡа߿ɻӣЦ³ӵֵܣȻ̫ף˻ǿŵġ
һӣǰСŮ˵ס
ƾԼһСãǲҪ̸ôΣյĻȽϺá
ǣӲת˻⣺ߣܸ˭𣿡
ҾûԼ׿ڸȽϺãаЦҡͷ
ʣһһǵ𣿡
ûи³һ𡣡аЦģ㣬ôӣҿԴΪһ˼
ô˵ĺԼƵģߣͲ鷳ˡҺҲʶġ

166ӾȻ

֪˭ˣа߾ȵĵԲ۾˫ץס˺Ƶĸ첲
ƹĵ˵ͷһģԲԣ
һа߸Ӿˣô֪ѽ
Ȼʵ֪аǵ˭ֻթһթСȴû뵽թˡ
еԼڵССƽȻԻĪλʵһ磿Ǵ˵еĽ
ϲɫ̫ԣаߺȻӦԼϵˣ˵ľ
̫ˣȻƭң
ҾʡߣЦź
аߵ۾ۿˮڴתô㣬ôƭأ߲ˣȢ㣬ҲԲҪ㣡
ƣ
ԭֻ֪ԷеӸԼһ壬ѾߵĻȫ֪˭
ң
Щ˵ӾȻ
һصú
һ˷֢ļһȻ³ֵܣ
̫˼ˣ
ĪģԺðһ
ӡ
ɣ
ҵʲôˣѿڶ
а߶ʱһ˶סˣ㡢ô֪ӵݣ
ղ˵İƺЦĿ
ңҰй¶ˣа߻ˣСһƲʱ۵һ˳군ˣ군ˣһᱻģһץعҲҳˣ
ǰ޵Сľ
Ϊʲôһ۸Сĸоأ
Ȼ֪ԷеĴ˭ǸʲôȣӲͷƤڰοߣˡ㲻˵Ҳ˵û֪й¶ӵݰ
㡭áĲ˵ȥа߿޵ĶˣСĳСè
Ҳ˵ұ֤ε˵ţͳᡣ
ãа߶ʱΪЦԹԵţԼ
ƿаСŮļ
ңӣǻҲ̫˰ɣԼ㵽ɽﲻ˵µ˻Ȼͯ
аߣʮ
ôţ˳ߵ
Ȼаָͷ㣬ҽʮˣ
ʮ꣡ƺһûˣʮСӶˡ
һ·У³ĿǰŵıԺ
а߰Ѻ͵˱ԺſڣҲûжයʹ˸к뿪ˣһ˱˴˱Ժ
Ϊӣ³񺣵ųȻСˡסıԺƽһġ
˵Ժܴ󣬶Ժܱܳ¡
ΪԺƵĲ֣
Ժ䣬ÿһضɫˣţʮʺϾס
߹ţƱ˶Ժӵݣ³̴̵Ʒ衣
Ӵ˭ˣź찡ƽ³񺣹٩š
ޱվ³ӡ
ôģĪǱɵˣ³´
ﰵȥɵȫҶɵ
ȴ˿Ͼŵһٶһľ仰ѶԷëˣܿС
ǣ˾Ĺ˹֣л³Ӵȣʲôʱһؼңҵܼˣ
İɣѾȥұƽˣʲôʱȥ³°ͣȴ㿴겡˵
ûƾúĪ
³ѹţ㶼ɵˣ˵ԼûģǸϴҲ
ûбţٴǿһ￴Լɵˣʲô񰡣
³񺣻ǲţ̾˿տţЩĻ
ӣ³һ㶣ЦаȻװһ̫ţ
аװ̫ţ
ʶԭαװģĪǴ˵е
ԽԽ˰
ϵ³µ֣˵˵аװ̫װ񣿻ʲôˣ
ƣ
ʲôȤζ
ѽǲ֪аıĿ³񺣶񣬽͵Ҹ㰡аǸֵĴүǣ룬⸱װ̫ţǻܼ𣿡
аŮװƻȻ򡣸տʼ;Ӻ׳ʵΪǸɴֻĴʹӣ˭֪Ȼ˰ģ˻Ҳаװģ
̫ˣԼȻȫûзǸ˼ٰģ
̾ţȻʶһ⣬ʱˣǲžֱӴҵһÿô죿
ÿģ³㶵ظһ飬ȻӦЦΪаһǰ谡ʲôѵ𣿡

167±ȥ

³񺣲˵ãһ˵Ƶˡ
й˶ô
ԼʲôԷ
ûһ˽ˣ
³ӣûʱϢһ£˾ţ岻̫˵
ղŲǻĵ˵Լû𣿲ż仰Ĺ˵ܾˣ³ʵڸ㲻СѾͷô£ƵĿָۣԱߵ᷿ȥϢһɣϴ˽㡣
л³ӡת뿪
³񺣶ıӰɻҡҡͷ㲻ЩŮôô죡˵û׼
Ȼλү뷨֪Ļ϶˵³ֱаעģ
ΪȳˣԭϢ£ȻԺ˯ˡ
ȻǸСԺʾ֭Ҫѡӵһˣһҵӡ
֮ܶ߰㣬۵ĲС
ȱ³˽ʱȻһŵĺ
΢һ£᷿߳³ں͸ϴźȲ졣
˵죬Ǹϴ˵³ͬѧһΣŹԹԵ
ڸϴǰ³ûŰģһһࡣ
Ƴûþ³񺣶ʱ۾һ͸һָϣûųʲôë
ƣ
Ϊʲôһλ³˵һ˵ĳ嶯
ҵֵܰƢȫͬ˵Ƿһģһģ
ףСû뵽ּˣϴϳ˺ƣȵЦŴк
һھ¥֪ţӲͬʳСӡ
û뵽ڻֳٴμ
³˵иСﱻԴ˹ŵòᣬѵ
ϴ´һԼʺõĺƣûԷù̵ĺۼ
鶼һƬȫûܾ̬֮
ʾԷԼԱߣϴ
Σջ֣Цûʲô⡣СԺԵ㣬̫ˡ
лϴ򡣡Ҳ֪ԼӪԲҪ
ÿϴЦЦͻȻʵС㻹֪ʲôļɻ𣿾ţӲͬʳģ
㶣һʱ֮䲻֪ô˵
ʵϣȷ֪˵ʳֻ˵һô֪ģѵȫƵȥ
³ӺҿֵܰʱԼĻѻҪˣ
ǸϴȷʵһλҽֵصĺҽԼҲԷһ¡
ô찡
ʮ־ᣬһ³񺣣һϴһֵͷҧ촽
ıøϴˣΪʲôҴƫ⴫
ûû¡Ҿʡ˼ǲˣϴЦŴԲ
ǵģæϣֿһ³񺣣ƺ¶İ㿪˵ϣҲһ˵ʳܷá³ӻرһ£
ʲôҳȥ³񺣵۾ĵ̣пߵ
ϴɹȥô㲻ȥѵͷȥ
ϣҲ˼Ѿͷ³æ͡
ϸīʲôȥҪҺͺС֣̽
֣̽һʮС֪Щʲô³ɧȴҶײϴֻһƵȥˡ
Ժ󣬸ϴ˸̬ȣкƣ˵˵㶼֪Щʳˡ
ϣ֮裿Ƴһ£һ˵һɨһϵĲ豭
ϴһ£˵𣿺ܶ˶зϰ߰ᵼʲô𣿡
Ȼû˵˵
ֵ𾴵ǣ¸أȴѹˣʹһδ˵Ҳֻǫѯʣûаɺں˵˵˼
̬úȻ𾴡
³񺣶Դϴ̬ȾͿƶϳλϴȻݲ̫һ㡣һλ߾ȻһӶûУԴԼ̬ǫƣ·ԼԵȵλܿɹ
ҽߣ
ֵ𾴵ҽߣԸԼ֪Ķ˵
ϣʵҲʲô̫ëǻᡭƶ˶٣ɫ΢³֣ء
أϴҲһ˲ĽӲܿ͵ˣ˵ʮ档֤
˶٣˵˵ҲѣԾ֪ˡ
ϣɡæֹΪԼ˵ˣøôһ
ϴ˿Ϊ⣺飬֤أ

168ƽؼ

ϣѵ㲻ʶصĲƾþоҲûҪԼȰвһɣ볢ٲݵũôˣ˼ũǸθ𣿾УũҲ
ޣôʵе㲻𾴸ˣҲԲøðա
ϴЦҡҡͷֲ򲻵ѣ˭ῴ򣿡
˱أ˭Ҳ˼˵ҪСܲˣҲ϶ȥҽҴ򣬿Щкҩˡ
ȻЩûֱӸ˵ƺܴĲ˸˾ŲʮɾʮΡ
ϣʵҶһȥó䶯ӳڳͣʱ䡣ʱˣͻɱءưѵòԭ˵˳ϣܹԷʵͷ
ϴ޵СЩε֪İϷ򻹲κҽϿƵļء
Լǰλǧ෢չܽģλȻôȫ̽ˡ
ϣȻ˵ұ֤ЩʳȷʵˡƿЦûٴҵͷ
ϴĵ˵ͷģҲʾǡС㻹֪˵ʳ𣿡
ţһЩƱ㽫Լ֪ļӲһԣᵼкʹ߼θ׵֢״һԻʹ۲һԻѷкͷͬʳ۾ȵȡ
һ˵ϴһñʼ¼ʱʱϼ䡣
м˵ʳϴҲ֪󲿷ֶδŵġ
һһһ٣̸ΪͶԵ
һģȻ˽ʱ
³ѯʺƻزؼңֻ˻Ҫȥ
ϣʱˣҵøϽȥˡϴǣ͵뿪ô죬˶Ļˡ
ϴǸ⣺ҿǲˣȻôáСʵڱǸ
ϣʮԸ죡ĺܶéٿͷЦƤо仰һϯʤʮ顣ϣһӾͶʮأ
ϴùЦ仰ɲôõģˣؼҰɣʱ䣬ȥѰ㣬֣̽
ʵϣСôãҲǳ
ңУλСȻûѧҽȴʶҩݣһЩҽ
û˽̵СѧɲŵĻ˵⺢ĺԡ
źòĸ뿪ϴȻһҪͽĳ嶯
ôͽ
Ҫúÿ쿼˵
Ʋ֪Լһ۾ȻøϴҪԼΪͽʱ˼ͷɻؼȥˡ
ʧ˴£Ҳ֪ôˡ
Ҫǣûڵ֮ʧ˷磬ʲôܵʲô˺
֪·ûڵĸţ֪ûÿѶѿã֪¥ĶѿСûÿ찴ʱ͹ȥ
һĵƲžԭԼѽϡϺͺˡ
ƽ壬嶫ͷǼӣļң
һ·ۣûöٹ͵˰ƽ塣
ƿϤĺɽһϤķݣƮͻȻ
˴嶫ͷڿԼԺӵһ̣ɱȥ
ʵϣҲôˡ
һˣСϡһһߺš
ԭԺӣƺΪĹʱʻ
ȫ˳ڿƵһ̣ϲļֱԼ۾
ϳǰ棬һѽƱס
ƣƣɻˣˣ޵ıһһѵģץźƵĸ첲´Щôģûд㣿ûУҵƣܿˣôˣ
һ˹úЩ¡
ûҲûæͣչһ¸첲ȣ㿴Һúõģһ¶ûУ
۾ﶼᣬ￴
ǣæְĨϸϸĽƴͷšӽŵͷĿı顣
ķӦúƼůġ
Բǵˡᱧ˱ϣֳվһ߽Լĺ˵ͷСϵԴСϣ㲻ڼҵʱûйԹԵĻ
С㣬ۡڿһ̾ͿʼޣʱڸԼ˵ˣҲ̲ס˹ȥȾͿʼۿޡ
ϾС֪˵Լʱĵĺ˼ֻܰеᷢй
ϺͺڿޣʵվһߵĺҲۺˮ͵͵ͷ˺üᡣ

169³

ƵĹһϲ֣·ҵĹһ㡣
ǼĲʱԺһ
ŷӦǸԼһͬĹٲæкүԲ̫ˣԡȻѶԷȫԺʵ̫ûòˡ
ûϵûϵ⡣λٲʮ꣬ݺƣԲĸһ̨ס
ƽٲݽܸ˵Ȼ͵³ұץߵʱʲôõӰ죬λһȥȥǽס
̫ˣ̫ˣллˣϼλٲ¿ͷλٲæֹˡ
ҵⶼ³ӵķԸҲ¡λнĹٲһ˵һ߿˺һۣаԼ³ȵСλǰڹټӰҪ֪˸ϴۣǸϴ˭ھЩҲҪϴ򼸷أ
Լ£Լȥٲû³ӵͣԺ·
ţЦĸˣǼλĻھȥǣ
УǾʹȥͷߵǰ·
ʱҶ·Ҳվ˲ˣ쳤ӸԺǽͿˡ
Ѿͷôһλүûɶ°ɣд̲סĴ
ﺩЦţû¡үƻġ
Ҫɶȥ
ȥǡ
ʻĴĿɨŵĹٲٶˣȴ˸ŰԵĹâ
ںϿɲôĿԴŮץߺ󣬴ķԷûٹе˻ҥ˵Ѿͷˡ
ڣйٲƳ壬ϵҡͦúֱźƵִ˵ƣõģйү֤˭Ҳˮ
Ŷô˵ԼڵЩӣԼˮˣüЦЦɨһȦ
еĴıۣҸӡ
ˣб
ʱǰĽҲϵĻ˳ˮ顣
Ȼͣס˽Ų·ߵĴǿ˹ȥϵ˵һȥӰ참˭ˮ
ڳ
ǻ֪˭Ҳ֪ӵǶĹ١ȻǺүǿ϶ǾĴˡ
Ĵ٣϶ɣ
Щͨϰͨ۶µҪοԾǵĴ٣
ĻЩŵ״ŲӴҳ·ʲôλүץȥΡ
˹ӶأߣȥǣҪһתָȫӡ
ƲɰпλнĹٲǻˣһ̧ԼһǿݲѰƽССһ
Ȼһ˵꣬ЩƵ񶼲һˡ
һɴǾηĽĿУҶ˰ͦصĳȥ
ͷСĺҲһźƵ֣һ߸߸߰ͷ·Ľһ㡣
Լ˭ţһ˻ûߵſڣһӭ˳
ǰƽ飬֪λôƺ
΢΢°ͣưҽнپƷҸ³һѲ˵ء
ƷھǸ˼̤С٣λڱ߳ǵ̫أȫһˡ
ƷְҪߣ
ӹˣˣʧԶӭ룡룡
ͬʱԼϱ˸ɫöԷϽȥˮõĲ衣
ﱳ֣̬߽߰ҵţ͵͵ĺݹȥһѯʵ
ְָָƣ˼λүͺƻġ
ֽã۾΢׷·޹֮⣬ãƵ˵ͷ
ƶӡõģ㣺үүΪҳЩҥԵġ
ԭˡȻ¶ЦѾͷͷҪúллλˣ
ڴЩҥԣҲжšȻҲ˵Щ˲ҪҽͷϾڱЩҪ͵͵ĴлҲܲס
ڣоĴٸѾͷ϶û˸ڱﴫлˡ
˵⻰Ҳƺúøλٴùϵ
ֻǣ³񺣶Ұɫôȥֺ³µĹٲأ
Ȼлİķоˡ޷ˡ

170߽

ݣϱȲͼĸ
û㣬ֻǺڲ㿪ʼ˵¡
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171ҪȢ

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ޱȿ϶еĴٲǱˣͬң
ҿϴָʹ»ֵ
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˵Ϻ̧ͷ۾ﷺŻǵ⣺϶ĺڰ
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177ĺ

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ǲҲǺҵ𣿡ﺩ˵š
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Է²ס죡ưѵ㣬Ⱥȵ
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178ҪȢ

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ҵĻͻȻ䣬֪ס
Ҵɩɩȥ˻飬Ҳͬ˵ġƽظ
գգۣ㶰κȻ𣺡㲻ͬ⣿Ϊʲôҡ
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ķǵĽƻѾͷԼô죿еͷֳۣȥ

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ĿһۣãֽҪһġ
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ӡӦǸԼӰΪëԼҪʲô߻񰡣

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Ժһţͷʵǣֳʲô
磡㿴·ˣƵˮҵ·ˡһϽ״
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һĸɶɶУɶɶûȻСۣǳ㲻ڼң۸ϴ˺ĻŴȽе
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С׹׹ţ⣬ֻӾͱסˡ
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뵽ǰ˵Լȴһٳ˵͵ɻı۾
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ԺſڣϺͺֺ˪Աߵĺ϶С
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ȻʶԼ׬ǮСӾȻƽµĻˡ
ƣɶʱģ˵㲻Ǳٸ𣿡ץ˵
ôֻһ߱źһ˵㣬㻳ôϴ·żҵ˶һиŶϴ·
⻰˵ʮֲһûиżĵҲһ˽ȥ
ʵϣƲµվԺϸǴˣԼӴϱְѴ㵱ţˣܺõĶȥ
ǹ⵱ϸ˵ô˵ģ
ȻɫˣɫõϣĶķѾͷ˵ô׼ңǼҽ̳Ů
Ǽٲ̣Ҳ̳Լ·ɩϴŮϾƢٺãʱĲ״Ҳ̲סĻֱ¡
ʱޱȵĺú
ŮʲôӰ
Żʮ죬һȦݵˡ
ңϣϣ¶ĸ첲ϻһࡣ
żңȻִԼŮҿ˺оɣǲֹһδ
ں޼ۣѭ浸صıظѿڶһǰ˵Ļ룡ؼң

182Ҫ̥

˵Ļɼжŭ
һʱˣǿǻȢģ˵ͺ밡ޣŶûС
˵ˣҪˣһӵ˭ź
Ű˫˸ƹâƾ֪ԷԲô׷Ŵ뿪ˡ
ӶִŮˣѵһŮﱻ۸ϱû
ʱعҲ˵Ҳˣ۸ãҲͷ
򣬰µʱͷ˼ΣҪԴвȥҽ˵꣬ƱЦ
ݵñӣô˵أ˵˭Դв
˵𣿿ҽϵˣǽһİɣҽŻʱ䣬¾˵ûкõطˣҿֹԴвȫԴвǰһƽҪڵİϣԴûĻôһиŶӸһϴ·۵ǰɣֽźúõģԼȴϴ·ɣ
Ƥӣƿ˦Ǽ֡
ǣʱķŭѾ˵Էܽˡ
żңһҪܵѵ
ϡ˵ƿԣת㣬Լվ𣿡
ҡҶЩۡһ£ȴҰס˶ӡ
ŵĸϽȥĶӣôۣҲϰ
Һ񡭡ȥȴһѪ
Ҳۼļ˴ϵѪ㣬Ѫˣ죡򣡡
תŷ㶵
ŶŶӦţתҪߣȴһץס
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ڵţûзʱ˸ţɡ໡Ľһ
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ſſϼҪȴתִӵϼ˸׼۵۾
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ԷſֱۣӴ·ȥ
ſһһ̱ڵϣ亹ʪˣµĶźƵıӰ
żҶźʵǸ˰ˡ
Ѿڴɺãϸޱ
߽ȥ˰ʵ˼ˣ
ĸˡĴҵĺӡ
̾˿ҡҡͷл̥֮񣬺ֻ±סˡ
㣡㣬Ⱦҵĺӣ
üͷɫأҲȣ㱾ĺӳҲС̥ͲȣѪֻ¡
ͣһ£˵ҪĻҵǿԸ㿪ЩֹѪҩȺӵԺȡ
Ҳȣ㱣סӰɣҪͷ
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ƣƣ֪ͣұסӣңץס֣ͬץסһĵһ㡣
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㣬𼱣Ҹ򵥶ļ䡣ĺ֣ߵߣ򣬿ɷһ˵

183

ĸһͬ߳ӣɲȺƿڣһ˵֪ҪʲôˡϷҽǳʵû취סӡ
һ仰øİ϶ʱġ
ǧģȻҵĴûˣϻȻǺԭ򣬰еĴƵ˶ϱϣߣû˺ӣҿɲźСӣ
仰ת˵Ϻͺá
꺢Ҫһ£ܼ粻ˮͨǽӡ
УûеȵģΪСӡСӵʱҪе·ݺͲһ»һ¡
԰ϵΪˣ˺ӣҲδػźӡοںҪС
ⷬǹΣı̬ܺˡ
һȥżңĹĵĶ˻ȥ
ϷۣҪ߳磡˭ϡ
ѶϱɻһСɲ˻öԷ
ϲŲԸأ
Ժվǽ㶷֪Щʲô
·˾ŵۣܻԼķ䡣
ɨһȦԼжξ룬ѹ˵ܲܰҴ㿪һЩ̥ҩ
죬̥ˡòų԰̥ҩˡЩǮץЩҩúòȻգԺֻˡĵȰ֪СǺãҲ׶ԷҪסӵֻǣ˰̥ҩҲ˷ѣαض໨Ǯأ
һ㶣ɣҴ̥סأ
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С˶һ
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Ժİæܽʲôʲô͵
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תת飺˭֪ǲҪû͵żҵĶ
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źƵֺ˼ˮܾ֮ʧѪĺڻλƵţϻ˯ȥ

184Ȫ

һֱǵĶź˯ˣŷС̾ƣĺӡ
ûµġһ취㱣סӡĵ˵һ·³ȥϴϴǺĴһԱסĺӣ
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İɣҶȥ˺üˣúܣ⻰ڴţÿȥϣֻھ¥Ƭתƣúˣ
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տգˣһһ֣ǷһٵֽռȼΪļ
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185´

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ȻĶƽŸϵĳ谮ƢܽݣʱǱȽηġ
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187ҵܵ

˺ٻǺˣŭ˵ôôҪ˼ң̫ˣԲܷŹǣ
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ǣٻĿƵ˲֮ͬɫȥԺ˵ɣ
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Ŀ˵ʧǾҪֵ𣿡
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׼Ǽ˺𣿡ƾȵʵӦҪǩ֤飬ҪһӶҴأΪʲôͻȻıˣǲ˭˵ʲôˣ

194ԼĺӶ

˭˵ģЩ漴ֺܿǺҵĹѾʶˣȻôɣͱ첻ӣ
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ԺЩǵŤһۣĶѺѣǶϻտ㡣
һˡ
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ǰһҽǣǺ๫ɣ
ǡͷŤͷΧ۵Ĵüͷһ壬Ա˳ŵû¸ɢˣ
ûǽ˸Ҷϵһ㣬ȻʶĻźҶ
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һ˵ԭҪߵĴǱͣסŲ׷׳ȥ·˵ǲߣ˼Ҳߡ
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ҶǴˣЩµȻҪڳȽϺáȻ˵
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ø磬ţôԶȥվŲ
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վҲ£գԺȻſڵ
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壬Ҳ֪ѾͷµҵҪ֪żģҲ޹ȥ
˵ЩʲôأŮô࣬Ĵڣ
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˵ҵľҵģΪôƭЦ
ɫףһڣȥ
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ơϾţһ֣ſס
ðɣŭҪи̣Ĳ㣡
Ҳǡ
ʵ˱۸ˣҲ൱µġ
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󣬻ǺűѯʣУҴڸô죿ĺӡܸܲҴ㿪ҩ̥
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Ƶͷ԰
˱̥ҩˣҿʲôҩзۣҩתߡ
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Ҵô죿׷ʵ
ͷҲأ裡ӽ쿪ʼҲҪڴϣУˣԺÿ춼ҪԲҩЩҪҸ֮ǰ㿴Ĵû˵𣿡

195Ҫʹ

гѺͺѵһ٣˲١
Ҷţһеȸͷĸ첲
Լüʵʲô
ǰƽаɣզˣǸЦʵ
зۣ˭
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196ֻܺ

˵ԼҪޣȴӵǵɫӲѵߵĻ˻ȥ
֪ԼõЩۣô˵϶ʲôµˡ
ǰҵĺأŸ͡
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һĿǣúﲻ÷
ƿǵתͺܷУ˾ȻûȢأƵԼˡ
ǣ˵㵽ʲô˼ʵ
֪ǣҲƽֱԼ֣ҵ˼ɩϾżҵˣø绹ǵðɩӻȥģǼˣӼýӼǣɩҲкӹ𣿡
˼ǣǸǮ˵ţƳһۣԷ¶֮ɫ
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ĵߣҲǸһ·
ıˣǲżҵĴᱻĭ
ƾԲô뵽ǸأǴһӵһˡ
룿תת飬ǸһӣҾͬ룡
ŲںֻҪӾУ
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ʮҲ̫ˣţٶʮ
Уھǩ飬ӡ֤Ժ󲻹ܷʲô£ҽ㡣ƶУҴĺҲӴ˸ûаϵ㷢ĲַҪӣ
У˭ϡҪǸѾͷƬӣƲƲ졣
üЦЦĿѾͷƬӣô֪ҴһŮǶأ
ܣΪҲ֪һȫ֪˵ı顣
ƹЦЦãҴкɱڣһںҪдҴĺӶϾϵ
УһǮ٣Ͼ͸ңʾĵ۾
ƶȻ̾Ϣô飿ԼⶼҪ𣿡

197ڽ

˭֪ǲģһʵĺףʲôԺ󣬻еŮ˸ԼȢһȺƯζĲ𣿺αľͷƵĺ
뵽Ťͷǣõܣд飡
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ұдģдܿԼ
ǻؼ˱īֽ⣬չдݡ
Ϊչ˲ʶֵͺˣ⽫Լдĺһ顣
޲ͣɷ֣Ժͬİ·޸ϵơ
ΪŪĲɣûõĻһѣҪдĹؼһ㶼ûдȥ
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㣿ǵɴۡ
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ֻεʣԸããã˵ɣ
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ΪҪķݣ㶡
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ӣԺҪٳҼǰ
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ʲô鷳鷳ģΪķ֮£ںͺϵ֮ɫʮֺ棬ԥһ̲סʵѾͷô룬ܸˣ
ЦĵͷȻҴڽˣҲûżǸӣԺԹϺˣΪʲô˰
ӣŹ֣а̾ȻС֪һŮ˵ζʲôԺֻ»еܰ####⻰Ϣһ£ϻм¸£

198²ֶ

ƺûзĵǣرãȥҪҪһף롣
ȫģǡҪףǲ̫һЩ
𣿡ƫͷһ£ǾǼҼ򵥵ĳԶٷɣһȥҲ
˵꣬кȫȫ壬ǵðһϰ
ϣţȫֺǺǵӦš
ԼֶҲź֣ҡͷ̾˿
ϴɹһһţص˰ƽ塣
ʱƽĴҲ֪˺Ϣ˵ʲôĶУһĶúԺӲùҶǶֶѡ
вٵſҶֵĴڴڵĴһһߵţΪ˿ͺǲǿɥϻ
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ÿʱÿ̶ġЦõĽ͵
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ȥ·Ǳһᵽ·ӱ¶һЦ㣬ۼҵ·ӸǵÿƯˣӸ˵ϵķӶûǼҵĺÿأ
㶣Ϊʲôȥ·Ǳߣʲô𣿡
ǣ˵ҪǺõͶȥûﲻ⣬Ҫ޸ĵġ˷ܵġҲȥɶ˵ôԼڼң㡣˵СֶӻᶯˣŵСֶӣСֶӵƤ
֪ðѵܵܺˣע·ҪǺõȥˡ
ʲôʱ򿢹һûȥ·أҲȥ
ҵһԼһȥ·ӵˣĵ飺㣬Ҫ͵͵ȥ

199ǹ

ȷʵ뿴·ʲôʱԼ˳š
Ȳ˵Ŷӣ̥ȣ¿϶ڴȻ󲨡¶棬˻һôأ
Сϣ㲻ܳšЩį
ͷΪʲôȴִƺ鲻ãʱ
Ǹ߹ˣǴҪ㿪ġ
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Ҷ춼ܳԵ⣬ϵǲˣɿҶԵú㣬Ҳ̲סҪһ
Сϣ绹кóԵأڳԳˣԲȥɾͿŶЦŴȤ
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˵̲꣬סŤͷ˳ԡڴڵģھͽȥһӣŶ㡣
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ǿڸӸѶԷģӸڡ
绹кóԵģҲͣ˿ӡɴʱѾԵеˣŹĶ˵û£һɵͶˣ
ɵˡ֪Ҳһˣ
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СȽܳԣڳԶˣҲܳԵĽȥĴ
һٺЦ
ɩʢˣǶԱˣȫ϶ſ˵׼ȥʢӣæе
ͣ½ŲͷЦһɱӺ඼Ķ࣬
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ŤͷŮһ
ϱ֣ɩҲԱ
ǣʢˣӰɣȫϱһ˵һվֿʼʰϵꡣ
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˵ֳ꣬æĺ˵㣬Ҳţô룬һУ
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ʰ꣬һҲûϢ׷ԾĿʼŰᶫȥ·ӡ
Űæᶫȥ·ӣϡЩæĸһͬʼʰ׼緹Ҫʳġ
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201¹

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ҶĶ࣬ټкüæͶܿͰòˡ
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202

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֪ԴڸԼףɺݺݵƤŮһۡ
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203ԴҪ

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204º

һԴķ˭ƭˣŴ粻Ҽݣݣ˵Ļм٣
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⻰²⵽Դ϶ʲôŭԹ¡
ԱкµĴǰǰǰ˵һ顣
֮ɫҲˣԴĿŭ𣺡ԴȻˣǴ˵ļ£У˱ӵȻұ³ӵĲǣ֪֪Ҫץȥͷģ
ͷԴŵ۷ڣֱֱ£Ȼֱ˹ȥ

205¿ͷĴ

ԴεںҶ·⣬ô£
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Դ󱦴ʱ˿̲ʶԼƺҪͷĻµһƨ˵ϡ
ⶼ˵ģҵ£ҵ£Сŵˢף૵˵
Ļǿӹˡ
˭ܲµԴ֮ԸҶ£ΪҪӹԴȥϵ˽Ӷ顣ڳ£Դ󱦾ȻƲϵ
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һԴպڴߵĶҪ˴ˡ
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ҴˣûϱҵǸԲ𣡶Բ𣡸Ǽ鷳ˣԴһϴͣóϹǸ̬ȼá
˶֪ԴǸʵˣֻΪ챿ֲ̫ãȢͬԴϱ
ΪԴ˽ʮ꣬һֱܳԴҲϱ˵㡣Դ˶ԴԺڼҹøַſڵӣһƶøɣĺܡ
ÿһԴԴվ˼ҵĵǸ
ɻص᲻˵Դһ䣬˵ˣԴҲġ
ö֮Ƕ֪Դ˵ûʲôãϲΪʵͽĺӣҲʮֿ
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Դͷǣ֪̫ˣһֱԸҲûʲô۶
ûлۣ֪ϱ˵ʲôͲһ
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ҲǴԲסǣⲻǡһذɣԴ
ﱻ޵Դ磬ǲ׷ġɣ
Ҫ³֪ˣ᲻ץˣԴһµģ
Ϊѵ
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ΪȨĴӡ
ȻҪкɣҪȥűС
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ֲźۼ˺һۣһ˵ȻϷǾͰԴص죬úԼĴ£
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ڴĺͯԣʹµĵط
ļҵĺӲ˾ͻŻǸ˵صȥһͲˡ
Դ֪ԴȻӴ˵ᣬʵ¹ǹؽֻҪųô

206ʲôĲ

ʵϣ˰ԴصõľҲȻҪҶ𲻴Ӧ
ƲԸ⣬ֱȥ˹ٲԼҿ϶Ҫ֮֡
ԣ˵֮󣬱۲źƵķӦ
Һúƺûа㷴Ե˼
Դӻ֪ԼҪؽõϢһŵ˹ȥ
ԴٺңûпһۣɿĳԼȥ
뿪ԴЩӣ˵ʧʲô
ȻվֹͿ϶ϣ鷳½ˣҪӰ쵽Ҷǹס
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Ǩ¾Ҳһ£¸صͳ֮⣬ѡ
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ңլЩһ죬ҪԼȥԡ
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ұб𣿡
Щǲǿֱڿзȥ
һҹ֮Էǧص֣

΢΢ͷ˷ܵΧԼתƵĺƣ˵˵ק·
½Сһ٣ҵԼڳ¶ƯǺһС֮Щצӡ
Ϊ˱ʾԼǹռԷˣһ죬СֹҲô
䣬ȻһƬӰסԼ
̧ͷǰһŹűЦаȵĿƫƫԼ߳һͷԵѹʮ㡣
ţʲôĲã
ĵɺȴһΣյζ
ڲԼ˵Ĳ
תתеСħðͷ
ȻҪݣĲЦ˵

207±а

ݣ⣿
ʲôֵۣ
Ҷǰ˸ŽŮһԼϷ˵ĸо
ǣȻҵϷԼӵǲС
ӣ㻹µģ֪û⣿ǰƽһǴһĨƦֻЦݡ
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ʵʱ治֪Ǹø˻Ρ
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208Ƹ

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ÿһⶼ̱ĺûֻûͷĻˡ

209լ

뵽ԼѧЩϾĲᡣ
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ʵֶ̣οҵط׬ӸǷأ
ﱻ˵޻ֻĬĬԼ
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Ǻһȷıʾ̬ȣܾ˺̫̫һУûκء
̫̫û뵽һʵТ˳϶ôԼ˵ʱ̧ҪˣТӣ˵ʲôĻ㶼ˣ
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һƣ̫̫ĪЩ漴ֱŭյƿڴѾͷ˵˭ǿˣҿ̣

210µڶƸ

οԭǵԼҵ̰ƵıЦЦ˵ĻȻƮƮģȴζʮ㡣
̫̫ɫˣѾͷʲô˼
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211ºֶ˸첲

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212׼ױ

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213ƳҪ

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214ţ

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215²

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216½ְԷ

ȴ󲮣㿴ҵͬƺܿģЦӯӯ˵㻹ʲô͸Ͻᣬ㿴ϵĵܵ촽ˣ̸ˣϽҴλܵܿ
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ѭȥ㿴Ⱥ⼸ɷһ˵Цһ˹
ͷǸͷһ̺۵ЦΪţͺʱȴݺݵģв֮⡣
һ⼸ˣԭΧ۵ǶʱԼͬȥеСѾ͵͵ˣһܵǣ
˺Ʋʶͷһ̺۵ȴ΢Щӡ
Ϊںִʱͷа̵ӾվǸţӵԶʱʱź
ʱҲǵԷ᲻д֣һ˳ͻԿȥҿ
û뵽ǶѾ˼УȺȴȻڴƽţ
̫Եˣ
Ŀ˸ٲСԺ˵С壬ȥҲͷ
ĵͷ˺ȺȻתߡ
˵ؾҲҪһʱ䣬Ǻ˲˳ٵһӣǾζźҪԷʱ
Ǽɷĺ֮ɨһȦɫ䣬ȴſտյ֡
տգˣ鷳ˣ
տյƺЩֻ
ưۣʲô鷳鷳źòãϻˣûҶһ
տգˣһɱҪռ˼ĿǰļԶԶأ
ƣܲܲô壿ǷҲһû𣿿취ôԸ⼸
տգEMMMMˣտ뵽һ
ƣ˵
տգˮ
ƣ£
տգֿǰķɹҿ԰ƿڳˮװȥˣտǲǺܴңң
ƣţһͳҵžأ
տգԵȣտշַӸ㶨
ǼţӵĴߵǰʱҲսװˮƿ
Һȴ⣬ʲô£ֻҪȴԸңҾˣǼԲƵĿ⣬Ʒǵûͷ
ĻΪ׵ĴЦͷҲ㣡
⼸߲ƣѺԼһ̬
Ҳĵˣǰ棬ɼܲסֻա
ԥҪҪʱãȵСѹٲԺţʱȻһϸŵС
΢΢˶ƽǻԾķһĨЦݡ
ȴ󲮣ģҿ϶뵽ƽõĴβƳ˵Ըţ𣿡
Զûɢȥ󣬲ɵһ
Сǵ죡ǷţķвдˣȻҪţ
ѵ֪Ǿ˵ĺݽɫ
СϽ߰ɣ
ǲǲϵ˭λǷүƽڶ˵㣡
λ磬㻹ɵվŸϽŮ߰Ů£Ҳ𣿡仰ǳﺰġ
ԥһ£תͷƣƣ㿴
ˣȴ󲮺ô죿ѵӲ𣿡ҡҡͷ
ҸŮ˵ĶԻһ
ԼС֪ܱܲסأȻĹܱˣүЦŲ֪ͳһѵӣָɿתţڿзһ⡣
Χ۵̲סٴ˼вѾֶ˲Ͽˣת첽뿪
ûжҲûж
ʱȻˣϵܣС֪Ǻˣ߰ɣ
имҲһƹˤľ
ǺβĲǰλˡ
ʶ࣡һ
ǼĿֵ˷׷ҡͷ̾ϢѾԤµĽ֡
ջҪţͼǼ۸϶ȸտʼĻҪ͡
ڼаԵҲһˣǲöԶԶġ
Ѿ¸¶۵ʱ򣬺Ƶıһξǵ
˼˾£Բģţˣưͷ˵
Ϊ˱ʾԼ棬һץסţ

217µ

־£æǰȰ裺Сôô£Ͻߣ֣ţҲˣ
ȴ󲮣㲻ǣѵ𣿡
˵ĵע£һװϸϸָָ˷ıӡ
˵˴ʱжྪˣȺֶȻˡ
ǴδôС
Ů˼ǶŵƵСȻеָŷүıӣ
治֪Ǹ˵ţ»أ˵Ѱ·
Ƶˣð׹ĳƽ
˵ʲô˵һΣҧһһֵĴＷеĵתĸˣ·ʱɳȥںǰƴСһӡ
ҧһֻȥı鵲ںǰүҪʲô³Ů
㣿ĸУںļ̌첲һͱ˹ȥ
Բ첲Ͻļ⣬һ뵽֡
ԤһͱʵˣֻºﲻҲҪȥ
ԼǿǵŮԼ󣬺￴ԼλεĵӾȻûܣҪס
ǵԾǿеģΪס˫Ҫˣ
ɫȻһ䣬һסϣһִҸȥ۾˼¡
ֻ۾Ȼʹ̲סʹг
ɼȴȻûסֵĴ㣬Ȼ͵سкķȥ׼۾ҲҪҪ˶Է
ɺݾ˲ΪһνϿ϶Ҫֳˡ
ǡһ졣
ŷĺ
󣬡ͨһ
Ƿ׳˶ӱ˳ȥڵϳ
ԭվλôʱѾһŻɫװȡ
վһ͸һƾ˵ĸоƫƫƽƽ棬ֻһ˫ǡ
ӳȥԺóһܽĲԼմһ֡
˵ĿⲻĶס֣ǽڷ޳ʮƯ
ʲôˣ£ЩǼ˿־ŭΧ˹
ֻŲԼ֣Դֵʻš
ڴҪ֣淶ʱȴֹˡ
ڵϴ˼Ĳ˼۾ҧ
ʱ˲ŷֽôһĹ򣬷ĶͷѾ飬˫ۺײˮȻʮʹࡣ
ү֣Ų쳣
ҧҧˡ
һ־סԼĹͬʱ۶ֽ˳ȥ
ԼӲˣһӵϣҲǶԷĶ֡
ʱ۾ģͣᣬִԼӣֻܰ˵ǷҸϵֵܣ
֪ңӿÿһֵۣӵ˵ϣĴ
ǷĵܵܣڴƽȴǸ˵һ
˵ƽмùĽף˵㡣
֪ԷȻ֣ܵǱȻԼǵġ
ֵʶܣǴˮȻԼֵܣǽҸӣ¾ôˣҲǸԼһ̨¡
ЦЦĿһۣ·ڼԲԡ
˲ôˣԼ۾ҪϹˣȲŶ˵ǼִҴ뿪
ôˣΧ۵İǻЩز㶶ǸͻȻֵˡ
ɵ˰죬ֱߵԼǰԼû˵ʱ򣬲źȻĽһл׳ʿȣ
׳ʿƲûˣǸӡ
ҲЩεһ±ӣÿ·ƽε
ͣҲ̲סЦ̨
ֵĿﺬѵ룺ƣ
¡СԸˬѣұˣϲǵĻΪ˵û
Ϊʲôеֵֹģ
㶵Ĺ򣬻Ѿߵǰ
ȴ󲮣ģ鷳㰲İţλСɣ
û뵽·תһʱ֮侹Ȼ֪˵Щʲôֻʶĵͷ
УǼɣӾԼʹվһߣʾƺ̸
ʮʾ뿪ˡ
ɻƫƫ·û˼㣬űվԭز
λ׳ʿʲô𣿡̲סڸˡ
ɫ˵֪ǻ˻᲻ﱣǡ
׳ʿĳм֡
ΨкƷ˸ۣǰһֻԼͻ˵һͷˣӢ۾֮𣿡

218ʦæ

գգۣ촽΢һ˺ƵĶ䡣
֮㲻Ѿ𣿻׼Σ
Ʒ̲ɷϷĺ˵ʲô
ƣƺ߹һ
æ飬Թĵǻһۣû¡
ޣǾͺáţ
ֿƺǻӣȻͨһڵϣ֪ǺˣֻҪԸκҶӵĲţһǮҲҪҲǼţǣȾҶӣ
㿴ˣԸŮĺĳ
ǶΨһϣԲܴ
ȴ󲮣ǼȻӦ϶ᾡҴҽӵġһһ룬׶ǮǸóҪġƲ㿪ܿĿͷ
ʱҲǰֽ𣺡ȴ磬ʹãʲô˵
ֻҪκ׳׳ĲҸʲôСվʱĨһϵˮ
ﰲοģŮ˵Ļ϶ģ
ƣΪʲôһɫĸо
ǵ׻ţҪβҲҪϽ̸ü۸ǩɣԱ߿ллȥģЩͷ
һ㶣ΪӦ˵Ͳ˰ɣׯںһūȥźԼ
ǺŴû˵
ҪǩҪǩ˵ºﷴڰĿֻҪǿϸ׳׳βţһǣֻҪʮӾУ
˵գºҸŮԼ̰ģ͵ǩ׳׳ҪЩӡ
һԭû˵һ׳׳ûˣҲûɶ˼׳׳һȥˡʱҲ㹻үˡ
ӣһ£û뵽ûжҪҲǣӵĲ֪ҪѶӣҩǮȣӱ΢ˡ
ΧҲһƬȻƺ̫ţԼȥˡ
ǲҲţΪͺҸŮ˵ע֮˽ס
ƸӣҲϰӡ
һаףúҲŲͷ˴ҴҸϵ
ƣ磬û°ɣѺƵ˺ǰ棬ɼĿеĵλ
ЦеĳҡͷС壬û£λ׳ʿǣ
лλˣתӵл
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үͷô𣿡סѵүҲǸɷȴɶҲû˵ˡ
ЦСͣҪǷиܵܣλүǸҲҪӵġ
˵үӣʵչˡ
ʵϣʹƽ㲶ͷ÷үû취˵㣬Ƿү鲻ãЩͷץһٶпܡ
˵ͷǶԷĶ֣ǿ԰ϵֵɹģٲлפæѹ˼ҷүҲˣ˵߳Ƕһܶ˵ġ
Щ˵£ôܸߺأ
֪ûռűˣҲûл˼һҲ˶ʹĴӦǰûű
ҪЧԼӡеģȥŰ
ű˰Ҳʽūţٲμӿƾ٣ҵ¡
꣬ⶣЩͷһЩӱʾл
ӣˣ˳˵˵ҲͦɣҪ̫سˡ
ȥһ㶣Ǵƽ𣿡
ЦȻˡ˵ƽ£سǸϹͬġҪˣȻҲҪسǵˡ
ԭˣƻȻԭһֱ֣ôŻڴƽԭƽֻʱİ칫ûسǡ
£ȻҪи׳׳βˡ
ʵƣȥĸҽݱȽϺã
һͼ͵ʱ䣬ڴơ׳׳ĲΣȥСҽݣβãʮϣܴ׳׳ȥõĺʹá
ʧǣƲûдȥҽݵĴ㡣
ȥҽֻβ׳׳Ĳƿ˿ţϻ˯Ск˵һΣֻҪʦæˡ

219²֢֮

ƿеʦȻָϴ
˵ƽ򣬾̫أֻ¸ϴҽҲһָġ
˽˵ϴ£һ۾ʱˡ
ԣƣʦ˵ţתͷڲסʧ;͵ϸ磬Ƶʦҽߣ׳׳оˣ
ҵүѾǩ㻹ֱӽȰɣǾĳƺСѯʵ֪Сʦǣ
ȥ֪ˣ˶࣬Ʋԣ뿪
ת֣ƲûֱӴȥϴңúһ·ڣԼֻǰ
ûȴкֱݷãǴŲʮֲòġ
ֻǺҲȲѣȨӼֻԼϴڻøϴ֮ͬ׳׳
ߵǰ̧š
ʱ˸ٻĵ
Աź󣬸ٻĴлԹţûģ¼ҾȻҺүүȥ
ʵڱǸǹ׶ӺܴҴ٣үүʦȥ˻ᱻšǸĽ͵
ûϴ򣬵һ뵽Ϻͺ޲Ȩʱʦլ˼档ΪʦЩ˲ϿɾͲˡ
ЩԵøٻĽֻͣܺǡ
ٻȻܲ⣬ţߣ¼ҲǣǲϲҲ׼Һүүȥϲư
ôܣⲻ𣿡ȻʧЦ̬õ̬С㣬Ը͹μҵĽ𣿡
ٻİİͷҿǿǰɣ
˵ЦŽãϴϺЦʵģʲôʱƹϵôˣ
˭ϵˣٻһﲱӣ·ڱԼĲмܿƹˣЦŸϴҫҲμĽأ
ŶƵĻ¶һˣϴʵ
ǹĸϴȻŴպͽܺҴ飬ʦĲμӣ
˵ţӻͳһ˫ֵݹȥ
֮ǰ׼ˣҺõʱд˳ַ˿ռȻڼˡ
ϴӹЦеĴ򿪿˿ãһ׼ʱμӵģ
лʦ˸Ȼ֮ɫ⣬һҪ鷳ʦ
ʮֲ˼ʦ֮һεţʦ
£ϴûκβЦʵ
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ԭˣںδϴûоܾȻںʹùҪļ֢ʹòŻ
ҧҧŲԶ·ڡ
ɣϴ򿴴С˼Ц˵
΢죬ת첽ȥȺ˽˹
ͺҲһˣҺﻹһЩʳЩʳ֮ǰưкȥģȥϴҵʱʧ
Ժ۹⣬ĳʳѾʮֺõģƽ᲻ԵģЩڸϴб㲻Ϊˡ
ͳʳ⣬һҪôء
ϴû¶ɫº͵ЦŵлԼʱæоҩ˳ԷЩʳýȼü֮
νȺͽ
ľڸϴϵõڹͣͬʱϴչһҽӦеҽ¡
֪ҳūͣɸϴûаӣͰϸĵѯ׳׳Ĳ飬׳׳̦ȵȡ
ͷβϴһֱº͵Цݣ崺硣
Ϊ̬ȣҲ
ϣϴ˽ŵģ΢΢һЦ⺢ǲ֢֮
׳׳Ȼ첻㡣ֻô򵥵ĻΪô궼ûκأ
ţԼ˳
ϴûϻش⺢εĴ˵ģֿʲôҩ
ЩҲ˵׳׳첻㣬Ҫ塣˵Цһ˵һֱ뾡취׳׳壬ϰ˲Ҷ˸׳׳ȡǣͲã׳׳ԽԽվվˣ
һ˵һţϵ׳׳۷⡣
˲Σϴһ£ҡҡͷƺЩϧЩΡ
ԣǰ˵˲Ǵ֮һ˶Ӳһš
˵ϴ鲻̫ԣСʵ˲ʲô𣿡
˲α⣬ǡϴ̾˿鲻̫ܲСˣӹò˲ΣֻԽԽ顭

220ͼ

鲻ܲԽԽ飿
ɵˣԼѼضˣ˲ΣȻ׳׳
ϴûٶ˵ʲô˵ʲôõġȻѾˣֻ취ȣֻǡ
⺢ӳԷΣϴѯʵ
˶񣬿Цҡͷ׳׳СͲԷҪȻҲݳ
ƿޱ¶׳׳ǹ
⺢ӣֻϻе⣬ݵƤǣŶ֡
ҩʳҪ취úӽʳϴ룬кԱߵĸٻīֽ⣬ӱдһŷӣҿ⸱ҩֻã塣úóԷĻֻ¡
ֻ¾ͻˣ
ϴûа⻰˵ڳ˶˼
ӹӣַûʲô취׳׳ԷڸʳԵģιȥҲ³
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ҵר̫ҽҲ䲻ͨĲ֢
Щ䣬ɸмĵл֪Լ̫̰ˡ
˷ӣƵҲûڸϴҶлԷμպ»֮뿪ˡ
ȥץҩͺȥкͳµȵطȥһЩƷ
Ϊ֪ʲô׼һҪټ޹ȥϳҼŵ׼ԺƱһЩƷ׼á
Ҳ˵׼ԷϾǸˣ֮ңԼõĶԼ׼Ż⡣
һѣҪؼҵʱƲŷԼĶȻװһţ
㲻Ҳ֪һ˲ӡ
˵ǺﲢûжԺƴִŻǮκβݵûУǧʲô
ں̬ȵת䣬Ʊʾοүүʹ׷ſʩѹȻ˿ûЭ˵ԼҪĻƵޱο
ţͣſڣϺͺӼӭ˳
ǣҾȻҲڡ
ӭźƲĿ⣬űЦ͵㶫ġ
ʲôԺ˲両ֳƸ֡
ҵıʮֲ죬·û뵽Ȼô˵̴̵ʳŴЩ˼ѹͼ¡
ǣٵͣſھôطȫˡ
һʱ֮䣬ϵ˵ıʮֹ졣
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ǣӲԼȥ£ɹٶ˸͹ʲô
˹ҵı޹źƣ·˵ұ˵ҪŴһʣĴҶ֪ˣΰ
꣡ƴֳ֣ҿ϶һһǹģȻı´ܾͺˣҪôҶõ˵
ںޱԹĿУһȻȥæţϵĶˡǸڿľһͱֵĺŮ쾡£޲ڡ
æ֮дˮŵ֪ţȻģɴһ
ںɫϺͺϽʱҲȥƫ˵
£ллˡֿĵлңʹˮҲѱˡ˭ϵȻôݣһͶأ
ûұǽгǸӡ
֪аݵʱ򣬺Ʊλ濰ݵڿȫİ׵ĻȴҵʱֱĲٵ
ҲΪڣĵӣڸа塣
ʵϺƶ̫ΪԼʱҾôģ֪ǽְԣȴȻöԷֲˡ
ҺãֱȽ׼
ĵ¼磺֮͡
֪ܵ¥ƹģ뵽һ⣬ɺʵ
ԭҪţֻʱ⣬һԭΪ׳׳ͺ֮ģȴܸԺҪ¥ȱһƹģܻ㡣
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Ƶʱûʣ԰ĵ׵˳ҿͨ󵽰ƽ˵ϸȫһԴ
ֻɡͣһ£Ҳû˼ҲǰңѼ˵ǮȻϴ׬һݼҵֻû뵽ݼҵôͺľˡ
˵ƣָ˵ļҲɱҸԣˡ

221¾

ôҲɢ³Ҳûκ׳׳Ĳԣƴأ
Һܺ档
ƳĬ룬˵һʼҾ͸˵ܲκ׳׳ĲǴ¡ֻҪ
һ㶡
ƵͷĽβһ˵ģֻҪͺáңҲΪӾҪԼһ˵ҸڣĴ㣬پŬͺˡ
⻰ȻЩпᣬȴޱʵ
żʱ˿̾վںǰҲһ̹ȻĶ˵ⷬ
ֱ׳
ź̹ģкȻЦ⡣
Цͷ·ǹһһĵȻ貵ŲĿ⡣
ǺƵһμЦ
ҲܽЦݹϣŴƦƦģаȵܾر
ڣȻûѿЦǷϲȷʵʵʵֳģޱȿ
ƶҵ۾һŷԼʧ̬ˣæһεʵЦʲôѵ˵Ĳ𣿡
ԣ̫ˣû͸˵źȻѿЦ¶һڽ׶ݡ
Цãϱŵĳ·һɨգֻʣƵա
ڰа棬δˬʿЦơ룬ȻǸãôģҲֵ⼸ĸԸԷǲ
Ʋ֪Լľ仰ôģ뿪ʱлŨŨЦ⣬·һֱڵõ˽һ㡣
Ҳûȥҵ⣬ΪæĽŲմء
һ죬緹һЩڱ
һӳԹ緹װкȥ¥ֽڱˮҶϸװø˺ϡ
죬Ҫȥϣֻͺڼҡ
׼ȷ˵׳׳Ҳһͬڼ
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˵׳׳޲ʱ̲ߣһ£ʮֹϵĸţͺȥˡ
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һܶóԵŶ׳׳˯ôãһ˰ɣѳԵĸòã˵꣬׳׳ش𣬱ת˳ȥ
׳׳ıӰգգۣȻԼȻֵͷԼݵֻʣͷĸ첲
ûҲûкô
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׳׳ѭȥſվһСкԼЦ
˵ǸСкŰ£˵˵ķҪšҿԽȥ𣿡
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и緹أ
ԼӵСû´ĻӦþСүˡ
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׳׳
ǰԼҲźģ˵Ҫ̫ͣ˱ߵĴ˲عء
˼ҵ˺֣ϲūͼҵĺӳֵ

222¼

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ѿʲô˼ӸճѿҲܳԣ׳׳ãȻ
϶ûԹǲǣ͵͵㣬ѿҶֳģɺóˣǷˮŶˮҲûԹɣҲҶģɺóˣеΪ֪ʲô𣿾Ǻɫģָͷô󣬼ͷҲҶ㷢ֵġ
С첻ͣ˵׳׳һԣԼҲܰ˵һѡ
׳׳ĬĬţСϵСүһ˵˼Լûĳʳһ˼㡣
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223ڻҪ

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׳׳ԼܾúܾöûкúóһٷˣһһС뼦ⶼ˸ɾδÿȥС˳ԡ
ԱߺĸܣɫĽľҶӺɽɻģɺóˣϸϸľ˵ĶѿˡǰҲرݣҶ˵ҳþ͸ѿһҳԵöˣûôˣͲˡ
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ǣ᲻ãʱ仹һζת۾͵˺ƴӡ

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ߣνƻʱ񣬹Ի顣
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˯Ժıקߵľżϴ磬һֱĴϱʱűʹ̼ѹ
Ҳп桢桢һȥ沿ĺë޽ǵʽ
һɫɴߣôķʽѺϵĺë˩סȻɿһǸë㱻˳
۵죬ȴֲòšϾ˳ǰҪ̣Ůһֻһѻ顣
ݵͬеĵطϻ֮ǰҿҲеĵط˻Žзٿ
ƽϰǵһ֣ԺƱҿױ
ͨ˻빫šɷŮȫνȫŮв
ϱҺͺƻȫˡ
һԿź۵ֱ飬㰲οƣһͺˣ̡
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ѾͷƤãȿ棬͸ˡʱױ֤˿ۣǸˣܻ˵
ڰƽȫ˲ףǰĺҶҪ룬϶벻ġںҶּҳլظոɵĶ¥ʱڰƽĵλòһˡ֪ƸǵĴйϵӲҵ
֪Ƶȫ˻û룬϶ûúȥ룬ԼëԼˡ
ϿƣܸˣЦŵл鷳ɩˡ
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Ʋ֪ҵҪȥĶ֪Լҹעƽ

226Ṧϴ

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С檡
ͷꣿɴۣŵʵ
һĵͷԣҪ˺۸С檣
ƣ
Ϊʲô仰ֵֹģ

227Ƶ

ȺƷӦѾӻͳһѺذףȻ׼ͷˡ
ҵıƽմྶͥѹסһˡ
һƵ۾ôذ׵ôȵģ
ƾþǵξδմԼҲδͷôá
һõĻӣذף
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ⷿģͨѵõң
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ƿֻƹȻں淢һСţ
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ƻͷҲ֪ʲôʱվԼһֻСš
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϶б˷ܵ˵ţȥͱˡ
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һһӣװ˲Ρ
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ҿҲ
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Ƽü߷һɺң˳Ʊռ䱣ܡ
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228±ϳ

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ƫͷһƺû뵽ʲô˼ĵطʵʲôȥɵ𣿻ߣ㻹ʲôңҰ㱨𰡣
ˡǰԼˣͷˣ
ƻ׼ˣ
Ӻ˴ɢҥԵԴôô׵ķŹǣ
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ˣƴоѣһµʧľҪ´ܡ
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һ˻ڡ
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ȴˣе̰ԽθھԽġ
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ҵ˱Ĳˣ
ƫƫƻһ߰ҷһ˵ллҸҵĻԺҲеĸ˵
ʲôҪѻߴˣ
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ҧ˺ƶӣ۵òˣԺһҪһЩӡ
úһЩöСȨǻˡ
һȦĺϲ̵ĽЩŽպڿյȻ˸ǲݸš
лˣ֪һţǶ׼ʲôҸĸֿ̱޵ˣֻҪϹȥͿˡ
Ƶʻ˼ֱҪըˡ
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ˣʱҺȻץס֡

231ǰ

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ԭһᣬǵı֡
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ѹָղųŵʱԼԭǱ͵ƻȻ
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232˭͵ҵļױ

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ƶ׷쳤ӳԺȥȴҺͺƿŽݼ鵽׶û
ԺſģȻҲ˶׷״ˡ
ʱѾ˷ţҡѺƵļױᡣ
еľ䶼ƮƮģһֱ֪ǿյġ
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Ȼǿյģѵױ͵ˣ
˭ҵԺ
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ܲĵı죬ȻöݺݵԺЩˡ
̬ôǸӲˬˣеƽˢˢƫҺͺơ
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֣Ҹ˵׼Ҷˣֱֵ֣ɼж
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֪Ůļױܷ˲ɣĶͷðͭԾǱ˿ˣҪǲϣҾȥ٣
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ңҪΪŮָģ
⻰һͱǲ㴰ֽ
ҾסˣԺſڵĴһʱը˹
²صò˼Сڻˣ
뵱ҲĶ죬ҪĶڵĺӣ
ǣˣռ˼ҵӣôԴңҲԺȥ˵صû彻
ߣͷڿⱨӦģ

һһ˵ţһȫǴ˲ص
ˣæ͵˵嵱ǰģҲ֪¡дˣǰ׵ʱͷֳȥţȥ
ֲ˭ֻܵҴ£
ôһ˵ǵûһ浹ָˡ
󲮣ǾˣǣǲܰҵļױҲ͵߰Ժô֣ÿ˵ܲܰѼױңǽͰ߻㿴ҶؼҰѼţˡ
԰ҰţΪױģڵãױ͵ˡô
һδǶĿ⾼Ķ֣ȴĻش
﷢࣬޲ðѶӳһ١
ǰþ͵͵˿ҵӣ΢ֵǮһĶȫˡ
Ҳһֻ۱һֻֻۣʣˣҲͲˡ
˭֪϶ȻôͿ
˼ҺѾͷļױҲ͵
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ǣԼĶӣôҲҪšǴ֪˵Ժûôˣ

233¿ӵľ

ϱҲ֪˭˵Ȼڼ﷢ģ⵱˶ҲΡ̾˿ΪϿҵźͺƣңû㿴üױɣʮӣŹӡ
ҵļױֵֻʮ𣿡ƸֵĻŤͷ
ôܣξͲʮˣЩϵȲʲôģôҲʮӣ
׼ңʮûУ˵ľĶȥĶ˻˵׼أôóʮǲҪ
Ҳµǣû׼ľ䱾ǿյģǾƭǼҵӣ
յģӭ׵ʱŮļױж٣һɿɩ𣿡ȻһȥٺˣŹٲҸģ
ϵܣ嶯æֹƣ㿴˰ˣڲ趼ûȡҪǽ˵ܹҪģ˵԰ɣ
ô⿴أ̸ȥһôûС
ֵϵľкƺҽ˽̸
ԭͲݵģɺȴקһ䣬ʾӦ
ǣ˱һͬݡ
վԺĴǼûֿˣҲɢȥˣȲİѽ쿴ֽ
Ҳпֲ´Ĵǳ£϶һҪҸ˵ȻͱҪǺÿ
⻰ٲȻѾ˵ˣ
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һȲʵ϶˵ʵϱļױǲõģ
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ֲţٸףҪõģ˵Ҫٵʱɶ
ǡīһ˵ʵ飬ͭȷʵ˵ģǣҽݵʱЩﱾûж
ƭ˭أǿյģЩױȥĶˣܷ˲ɣѹš
᣺Ҳ֪ô¡˵ģϽйʡ
˾ţôϳ
ֺݺݵ˶һۣɿţ¿϶ú˱٣ȻѲױүҲץȥ̡
̣ȶˣǧú˱ٰʵڲУǾǵӡ
ϻҸղŲ˸ʮ𣿿˼Ҳɣֺ˵ҵθͦ󰡣Ҫʮӣ
ˣ֪ԼǵĻ૵Ĳ֨
ˣȥָָõıӣɸֵ̾Ϣ㰡ϱ̰С˰ɣһñСˣ
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ŲŲ豭ͷɥĸ
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ϣٸ¡
˫⳥Ӷ˶ʮ
Ҳֺ۵ġ
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ԭӣϾƫСãټϱȴ󷿵𣬻ģϾ͸ƫˡ
ҧͳʮӸƣϾԼĶڵѪ
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۽ҲˣǶʮӡǺȰ϶Ҫֺú˵˵
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һ·ϣﶼƲ֣ԼûŮ
صңԺţϺͺӭѯʵʱ򣬺ﻹһֱ
̲ס͡Цǿһ㶼ûʮҰ׸ǵģ
׸ɶ˼סˡ
Ա߽ͣƵ˼ļױûж
ûզǿյأûתǻʱҲֿտյģױȥĶˣ
Цǰˡ
⺢ӣҡͷ̫ͬȻûզ˼͵ױأΪ涪ˣ˵
ʵˣһҲûռ˭ıˡ
ڱڹȥҪʮӣܲ
˿ɲԩȻҼױǰˣľӶǿյģı˿ˣƲƲ죬룬ҵ˲͵ҵļױΪɶҪҿûȥݣ
סˡ
԰ΪɶҪһˣզ͵أ
ͷ벻ͨһô¡
ѽҵģɱˣҺƻǷּҷֳأǸײģվںһߣ˵˭ѵǲˣҿӵľǣĶԣ
ǺƵԲзۣ߱Q֣öԣ
Ц˵͵ʴףã
һ˶úöԣֻӶˡ
˺ˣɵվˣңƣ˰ɣϢһȳԷʱҽǣ޵
ͰѺ֮ǰĹ뷿ʰˣҺͺƻպÿס
ȥһҹû˯ֱŷּңҺͺҲȷʵˣûƴǣһԷ
˷䣬ƿΨһһŴʱͻȻӦһŴզ˯

234оʳ

ȥ˵Ҫҷַ˯ֻµΪҳʲô⡣
ǲ˵ɣ˯һʵ̫Ρ
ת뵽һ⣺ң˯ɣȥҴ죡
˵꣬תȥ˺ķ䡣
ȥıӰҴǲԾ΢΢ѾͷǺߣǲԸԼһ
һ죬ƽ巢ôǽ̸
һҺͺƸճ׵ڶͱҷ˳ǾˣƷҵļױˣ˺Ҷʮӡ
һ±Դҹװ˹˱ŵôСʧ㱡
ڵڶ£ǷӦƽƽ
ǿԴ϶ȱˣ˱Ӧ
֮£ǶԵһ¸ȤĶࡣ
Դŵþ㱣ԴóŵϢƺҶʱ˲һЦ
ĶȻ˳Ч
ֻǲ֪ţˡ
ʵںܺ氡
еץӷΣ޲ȥţ
֪ԽаȥҸ⡣
һ𣿡
ȻҲţҿ϶ĵͷȻ˸û˵ĵطԸڰеаȥţ
ӵа档
ˣæýŴ׺òã
ΪʲôԴʶ˺֮ͱ˸ǽǣһЩ฾ǽǣ
ڸˣѾչ!
ӾȻȥţǽǣԣ
ʶ֣ѧգʮһ졣
˵õĸһչͼһأ
ΪʲôҪȥּëƤ°
аƣԺһҪȥаа߿ࡣ
ܿаϢ˵һ˾֮ҴεĲٴμأӲˡˣŮ˲˼Ӱֻȡ򶼻ᷢı䡣
ôε¶ܴƶа޲ڡ
аĶˣôһ䣬ȥĴǽǡ
Ȼ֪аеĿƣ֪Լ˶òãͷˡ
Ϣ죬㿪ʼ²оʳ
ǰʱ¥ṩһЩƹ֣ȻҪǲġ
֮ǰϵյ̫ҪҪһʱ䡣
ټһӪȲ׳׳ȪЧЩҪ֢ҩ
еҪѿռȼʳҩźͶһҩĵĹܡ
һ뷨Կܲҩŵҵ塭
̫ңԶǰҪ׬ȡ֡
Ŀ֮㿪ʼжúʳ֮⣬ͷָĳʳ
ʱ˺ҿɹ񫣬ָĲʽ˸ʡ
ȻҲвôõʱ
磬ƳһҰ˵֭棬Ҫ߲Ұ˵ֿ֭ɬ˰
ϳһСһţƫƫ˶в˷ʳֻܿʽ˵ʲôٳԵڶڡ
֮Ҿ͵ˣɫĽȥ֮󣬻ںѯԼζʱ治ɫĵͷ˵
ǺͽŲ˺ϵĺ󳾡
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ڶСˡ
¶ʮҲǼ
һϰף˵˾Ÿҵ𣬻¶ʮһ췵ͥ
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ںլʱ򣬺ϺҲᵽһЩǻָ֮Сĺǳԡ
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Ȼ鷳ʱֳ֮ڸмã໹ÿ
ۣôɫģ̫ƯϾ̾ĿתĶŰϵֱʿˮ
ǸСèӣ̲סЦ˳ǲ𣿡
һ˵һ߶һ
еζóԣӴҵճסˡ
ȵѿճںϵϣ˵Щڳݲˡ
ͬʱտյʾںԺ𣺹ϲˣʳѿǣʮ֡
ףλûǵǰϺʮ־ȵĬʡ
տգˣǶǴģĶܸıȰ
ƣѵѿǲô
տգҲѿǣǰѰǺǰϡȻ֥ɵǿ顣
ƣ
ðɣ
ʳѷλȻܻŪǶô͵ϡ
ҲҺԼ׬ȡ֡
뵽̲ס̵ʵտգжˣ
տգˣٶʮ֡
ƣףⲻǹȻûⲻķ񰡣
տգӣˣտջΪ㲻أԭ
ƣ⻰Ӻ˵ʲôʱ˵ˣ
տգռ弶˼ҾͿڿռʵ廯˰Ͼ˼λ˵һμأѵҪ˼Լ𣿺ɬӣ
ͷߣ㹻ˣʲôʱӹˣСҴ㣡
˵տһԼռļһôûˣΪǻֲ˭֪һȻΪһμߣ
ֲûװʲôװ
һռϷô࣬зԱ֪
Ʋר־ǡ
һտյȻԺǸˣռ

235

æǣ˿ռ䣬һʱҲܽȥ԰ʱӺϡ
Ļ˵ǺͿտյĵһλ治̫ʲݣҪ¡һЩ
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кãҲˡ
ЩһֱܣæʲôҲûʡ
ҵԼ֪ԽپԽȫ
ǡǣҿһһɫСķ飬ȵʵ
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Щ֣һݹȥ԰㳢ζΡ
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İ˵ȥΣ۾һִ׬Ǯ⡣
Цǣһֻһ׬Ǯ
ΪһͳһΣԲ׬Ǯ
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ƲŲЩң׼ȵڵʱ׬һʣҵӣ
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ЩԼˣɴûǹ
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ԺƶԺص˽⣬ô޴ֲ֪˵˰
ĪǺұҵˣƲ²⡣ȻԼƹǺؿҲʶ֧ˡ
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ƺͺæлȴ˭ûȥøԡ
үүԼǣưǵֽóϡ
Լģʮ־ȣְֽù򿪿ǣѾͷǿĻð
˴Σǿġġ
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źãүͲ״Ц
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ӷ̫̫ҳʱﻹʣһֽ
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Сϣ׼үүȥġƽ͵
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СϣҲϲүү̣Щ²㲻ϲͿԲȥġ˵꣬ϻĹĵģЦŽ͵Сϣ㣬ǽ첻үүǣ˻ô˵ǣ
Ƕģ˭͸˭ƾʲô˵ǣĴ
ЦҡҡͷǸүүȫ壬зǺö˶ˣΪʲô͵ûүүأ
ȫǶۼ˺ãүү̶ֲãϴ
ǼԼô֪ĵĶƽźϵ۾үү̶ٲãҲǳȻʥϲ޳ТȻТүүٲãǶܴ治Т
𣿺ɻͷΪʲôö㲢ôТ˳үү̣үү̶أ
ܵɵ񣬺¶֮ɫ
Լƽ̫ˣȻСõӡ
ԼŮӣֲòμӿƿ㱻ڸҲûʲô
Сϲһ
汻Тϵëֻ»ȡμӿƾٵʸ
ƾԼҪ취Ƕˡ
СϣЩǶ˺ܶ࣬ۼҲȱԲԣ
ϵ˵ͷҡҡͷȻۼҲȱҾǲүүǳԡ˵͹ȥǿ϶ҲǱСóˡǰСþҳԵģ۸ҡ
Խ˵Խίۿˡ

236һ

СϹԣԺԲС۸ˣܵί㶼ֻòã
λ棬ǵһúƴܵˣúܰί
һܵܺۿʱ۵ĸʲôƵģһѽԷ§ﰲο
Ļϡۡһ˳
ʱ۸ʱδػޣůʱ򷴶״ᡣ
ںϱ
ͳһ־ᣬһһµĺ󱳣֪ǰ˺ܶίǲҪŬԼǿСϣղ˵Щ㣬Ҫʽô׵ץסѱǽ첻ȥүүǣͻᴫһ˲Тͻ鷳ġ
ᣬúű㲻ֹ֪ס˿
СϣǲΪһǣͻСʧ󣡡˵꣬ͷϣ𣿡
Сͨ죬૴㣬Ҷˡȥүүǰɣ
Ժӣƿһ䣬ɣԺٽȥһȥԺ㲻Ҫ̻Сö֣ܣǧҪԼˣ֪֪
ţϵͷ
վһȫƽƲǣС߽˺լ
ӴϡͰ˭ˣ˸սԺۼĿ
Ըоƺһ˿ţ㰵С֣˵Сãүүǵġ
ǣǻôģţ첱첲Ͽ򣬡óҿ
Ʋյóֽ˻Σ
־ȥȴ˺󼸲㿪ˡ
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ƳһۣСã˵үүǵģ
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ʲô𣿷͹ҲҳԣΪȻƲƲ졣
ǰڿɲһˡζЦЦСãϾѾˣԺżҵˣүү̵Ķɲһˣ
˵զɫźϱݡ
Ϻڳ麵̣̫̫վھſڲԶĵط
Ȼղź˵ĻҲˣԺĿǹŹ֡
̫̫һƾ͸ֲˬͷѾͷôһСǹ˭ԣͲܶͼ
̣һ߰ʱܹҲû٣ֻһҷһЩϾǣֲǷƲӲĶ˻ȥ
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ף̫̫ô֪Լ˼ǵ£кܾȣȴ˿ԣ˶ұԼ˶һãҵȻҪرˡ
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ղŶС˵Щүү˻ô룿һЦʱһܣȥһ̣˵ʲôʱĵ˾ͻᱻðѪ
ĻƶǶֻĬĬԺĥ
լ
̫̫òУϺԹ㿴ѾͷԽԽ̷ˣ˵һ䣬ʮң
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Ѿͷأҳµ
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˵ţֽ°ץߡ
զǶˣ̫̫æ
ѿǸպûˣס㺬˵𤣬͵Բˡûݳȥ
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վסǸҷ£ڿͷ麵̵ĺϺȻȵ
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ȴҡͷ˵֣
ʮοŮĺáȻˣҲǲʶȤˣ˻طѴСڵദ
ǰϻʹ˸ɫ˼˼ҶôãҲҪʾʾ
ʮΣ˯涼ûˡ
ȣǸ㲻ң˾ȥ˯ɣӲͷƤ˵
ҿһ۱εúĴʹţ˹ʵȷԼⲻ£
䣬ķ·ִһЩôѵһ
Ʊŵһ飬ѿڶ£
ұЦżˡ
ûӣƾúܶһسӣѵ㲻¹
˱ʲô£˱˿¶ˣĵĴ
ƽ͸һ׺ɣĲɣ
뵽ҵҲĬ
ǰһ˶ˣô¹أ
Щֻ֢»ĺܿɣ
ƾԼ˵˻⣬ԴЩ䡣
Ȼһֻ쵽ǰ
򿪣һѹʡ
԰ɣҵƵᡣ
۾ˣŤͷȥҰģ
ţҿɲȢ©ݵϱҼӣֱӰѹ
һʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲôá
ϴһһྐྵӣԼΪʲôԹӵʱԼ˵ྐྵӻ
û뵽ҾȻõˣ
ץŹʵ΢΢˶̧ȥץһѹֿʼ
ǣ㽫ĹȫУ߽ЦҪһһѵĳԲŹ񫡣
һҲԡЦɫļӿ˰ӵٶȡ
һһԣżļ䣬쳣г
ںƳԵĿڸɣ˱ˮԼЩŵʱҲˡ
ãһվ˸ȻЦӯӯ˵
㶣Цã
ߣȥȥúϵԷš
źܿ챻ˣҲͬ꣬һҹδ˯
ãЦ˵Ȼ֣ѹǮ
ЦҡҡͷѾͷĶм˻ҪѹǮģ
ҶڵǰҲǺӰЦĴ
ҡͷʧЦѾͷƤԽԽˡ
˵ͺﻹһóһúֽõĴӵ˹ȥ
ǰѹǮֱͳǮӣڼˣȻѹǮҲҪһЩ
˵ֱӸǮ̫ûظˣúֽһЩӸϣǰǮװ档
ʹãϾú棬ͬʱҲΪӺܺãȥֱӿѹǮжٶʱȵ̬
ƽӹѹǮҲûֱӴȻҵأҲһҰɣ
˼ҵѹǮΪɶҪ㣿Цʵ
ϻ׼ѹǮˣʱ׼ݸҡ
ƴԲѵĴҺһ˰ҵľҵģϱǮ쾭壡
⻰
ɫһ䣬ʶľͳȥŮˣĸôҲҪԲһ¡
˭֪ȴ΢΢õźƣ˿ûκν١
ͺãϵضӣȴ̲סѵŮƣҳ㣬ԼҲҪִ֪磡⻰Ժɲ˵ˣ
֪ȰѺҰƿӦţȴһ㶼ûзϡ
εİѸ׼ѹǮ˹ȥҽ͵⺢Ӷǳ軵ˣ
ûУƺܺãĴ
̬úϸˡ
˶һۣ˴еο֮ɫ
ȥͷֱַ꣬СԲͺѹǮȻңźϳŰˡ

242¶ŶӵĺϺ

һꡣ
һӷ˳ڹʱҪȥլġ
ڣɷϣ
ԭѾޣȫѡڳլ˰꣬Ѿҷ˳ʱסԱ㲻뽲ЩأźϹȫ˵
ﲢǼҼҶűӭ´ģֻõ˼ҲŻըޣͼϲ졣
ÿļҪű޵ʱ򣬴ĺǱۼǼҵſڣһǿ֣ǵȴڷˣȥϵĺֽмһûûըС̣Լ档
һ·߹вСڽţͷĺץһѺɫ̣֮ɫ
ӣͣסŲе
Ǹץ̵ĺӽŲһ٣ŤͷƺңЩһ˹
ϴãɩӹãСϹãһİꡣ
òĻӦã
ãЦеĴӶͳһݹȥѹǮ
ҵģһ漴˺֣ҲҪѾˡ
꣬ʮˣʵͱȺСꡣ
ҺͺûɶݹϵڼĸĸûиѹǮô˼ҪƸأ
ǰҲǺӣƷЦŰѺ
ҲĿ˺һۣ룺⻰ö죡ֻǣǲˣƽô˵ģ
һãʵɩӣƽ𣿡
ƽզˣ㣬ǲǲҶϴҲɩӣٴ󣬻𣿡һķʡ
ãȻĵ˵ͷΪʲôܾĶأ
һѳĺʮֿģֹ״ˣȥɣǻأ
ãллϴɩӡлСķް
ΪƸ˹ǮԽĵĸһް޿㡣
ԴеܵԺһι괩·ûöôů͹
Լ֮·ҲܳԱΪɩơ
ɩĺģмʮǮһؼҰЩǮ϶ܿģԼ͵ֿܵˡ
뵽¶Цݣת󲽳ԼЩСȥ
Щ̸棡󷽵İԼһϲż񵽵һָЩСܡ
Ƕʱһ󻶺׷ǰ
һߣլլԺҲɢһغɫıм
լȻҲűˣ̫̫ǸžȻڣ
ʮֲ죬漴뵽ΪӵһʮӣԲǮڡ
о仰ǮǺģҲȥ
˼а׬ǮȻҲ˥Ʋơ
ϺһµôӣһֱǮȻͬա
˵θԽԽ
һʮӸ޷լЩ̰ˣʱȻȱǮȻԼͷϡ
ʱҪӿɾûôˡ
΢ǣźϵ֣˺լݡ
үү̹ã˵Цݡ
ҲСİꡣ
һҽţĿɨһȦſ˵үү̹ã
Ϻͺ̫̫û뵽ƺһڽţʮ־ȡ
Ѿͷôˣ̫̫ʵ
ǰкѾͷģļɻЩۣѵõĳƺһѾͷ
ЦŴүү̰갡
ôģ̫̫ЦòǱҸϳˣֺ֪á
ˣ˵Щеûĸ𣿡ϺĻתͷǣǡ
ָ̧̧֣ǽϰڷŵСӡ
һСӣһӣһһǿ顣
ȻģҲ٣һСܹŷǡ
Ʋ²Сǳԣֻº̫̫ᵱ̲סƿڴɣ
ģΪԵҲڡ
˵ӵǿ飬治ԡ
ˣллүүƹɵл¿һۣ󲮺ʹĸڼ𣿡
£һ˶ӦݸϺͺ̫̫ꡣֻкϺͺ̫̫ˣһ²⡭
Ȼ̫̫ɫʱӱһô磬ڼһĶҪ꣬Ǿȥ
ӣѾͷŮ׼ѹǮ𣿡Ϻٴοڴ˺̫̫Ļ
ԽԽȥˣȻѾͷȥϴķš
ϴ汻ѾͷŮŽĶ飿
ϴҲǣصҹͳŲסȥ˯˲˵һȻ𣬺Ҳû緹ԡ
ȥ㣬ȵӡӷдʵ˵һ³Ȼһ궼Ҫۣϱѹһͷ
Ϻû취ֲԼ³ȥŶغǾˡ
Ҫ϶ûֳȥĶЩ£һϲѷã
뵽Ϻʮֻûֳȥӡ
Ǻ֪뷨ֻ»ЦһֳȥһʮӣҪʺϺѡǶѡʮӣƴүү϶ѡʮӣ
Ҳ˵Ϻô룬̫̫һҪƺѹǮʱը˹
ѾͷˣʲôѹǮͷǶ𣿡̫̫е
Ϻˡ㻹֪ҶҴһţҲ³
Ϻͺ̫̫ķӦƺһ䣺үүǻûԷû緹𣿡
ߣָҸү̫̫ߵ
ûжԺ̵۸תƵˡ
ɴʵ۸ˣ
ⲻһֳϲúϺͺ̫̫ӵ
뵽լ̺ʹ˵ĶƱ㰵͵Цºˣ֣լҲûаӹ

243ºصĻ

լ˹Ĳãƾͷˡ
үү̣ǵȴɣǾȻȥЦĸǡ
ϺӣƫƫҪ㴰ֽͱơ
ȻϺмֽӲƺЩŭĵ˺̫̫һۡ
̫̫ŲǸ˵أѾͷȵȣ
̣ɶ£
Сúؽ㶼Ҫˣȥһ˸ױ̫̫˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ڳˣסҲõǮ
ͺأ
Ҫ޸ǣͶġ
ɺصĻɶʱ򶨵ģ
һ㶣ýҲҪˣ
ر㻹أȻҪˣ̫̫ۣ챾Ҫ˵أû˵꣬ͻȥˣ
Թû˵ͻؼң
ƶЦˣʵ̣֪ҵΪɶؼҲ
˵ѾͷҪ𣿡̫̫ΪȻĴ
԰Ҵ˸ӣССԲүү̱ϲ˵ţǰһСԲµʱǼ׼¾ƣʱүү̿ɱ˸ǵ׼񰡣
ݻؼˣʲô¾ƣ̫̫һҪԼҳǮҽڷ
ɫ˵̣ҴǺ룡к֤
ʲôҶûҪˣ̫̫˵ܶûһ˿һ˼
ƺܲˣʲôûҪˣǴ㲻ϡҪṆ̀ҽͰѻ⣡¿żңҲϡȥ
¿㣿㻹㵱ˣ̫̫Ųأ˸ӣżҲźȥ
ƺǺЦҴ㱾ҵıż飬ҴĺãÿĸĶһ׶ӵݵģ
⻰ɶ˼˭׶ӵˣ̫̫ۣܼ⡣
øһ䣺СԲ¾ӦСúؽ֮ǰ÷Сúؽʲôױ¾ƵʱҿҪúÿ̸СԲ׼
֮⣬СԲ׼ʲôҾ͸Сúؽ׼ʲô
ŵĲҲױ
˵֮󣬺ҲȺ̫̫ӦźϺתߡ
ߵԺʱﴫ˺̫̫Ľ
㣬㣡С˵
ʼ磺£䣬Ҳٿ⣡ҲˣĻٳԼˣ
ԺլҪӣ϶Ҫ֡
Ǻ̫̫ӾͱǰҪˡ
ƶǶΪʲôٳԼ⡣Ȼ˵ˣǾǶԵģ
һ˺ƵĻ̲סЦѹ˵룬ھͿǳԲ⡣
ҵֶΣʰլ˻Ƿַӵ£
뵽ааЩˣЩҳ̵£δ̫Сˡ
ҡҡͷǳ֣ôȥԼܰԼ
˵꣬ͻȻ֨Ŀ
ǡ顱һ
ͷȥÿغ۾ǳ˦ϵľŻ΢΢
Ӵĳ
ƾȵĿźأڣ󷿺ǵķٶȴ򿪣ŭĳ˳
أĻѾˣҲƵվԺУϵȻֹ
һЦӭˣЦصзʱ
ʧ̬ƺ漫ˣתЦĿڣĸð
Ѿͷ˰ϱЩӲĵ˵ͷ˽ԭصĺһۣ˵أϽʰʰһˣ
һյТ˳վԭز
úͺ棬ı鿴һҲûдԷĺ⡣
ӣǶԼĻ²ⰡҲ֪Ļ˼ҡ
ͻȻ֮ǰҸԼ˺غһһ˵аȥˣɺ鵽ʲôȴûиԼ
ĬĬԸտգǵûȥҺͺһǸ˭а鵽ʲô
տίˣ˼ֲǱ¼
ƣⲻԼ𣿹ԣտĵСް
տձöʱˣ˼ĵģȻȥտһ
տյͬʱƻϸ۲Ϻͺ˵顣
ڿվŲʱϵһ˿Σɺܿ㱻档
أ˿Ц϶źأһһ߹ȥȻץסصĸ첲ק
һֱͦ˼첲س飬Ըϻȥ
дǿͲʣۿתҡҡ׹
ԭļã֬δʩټۿᣬü͸Ų֮ɫһζҼ
ֻϧƿ⸱̬˿ûа֮ģΪصһ˫۾ȻֱĶң·Ҿһ㡣
鵰Ҫˣ㶢๫ëߣ
ŭˣץסҵ֣ڣȻ£Ǿˣ
˵꣬Һͺת뿪
߳լֹ֣ƵŽƽ
ӭͬ˴кڶԷֵĿУŷԼץҵ֣æ紥ɿ
ҡƱ˰ŸһŵɣǿҴý˵ǻǲҪʶȤĴˡ
̧ͷȴӭЦЦ·𶴴һеĿ⣬Ʋʲôؾȥˣû㣡
ץסҵ˰ЦţʹһС֡
ƶʱԼղץҵַֻ·𱻻һ롣
㡢һˣѲҵ֣Ͱ͵ķŤƿ߲ٿҡ

244Ĵ

ôһǷ۷۵ĶС
ߺ˵Ķ䣬Ц԰ֻҪץסңҾѡ
仰ôƶеġ
ȻƵĶˣγѪ
˵ʲô˭롭Ļߵ˵ڡ
ͻȻɻ𣺡û˵㣬˵˭˵
ɫһεȼ֪˵ʲôá
ҺҽΧСϣղ˵Сû
ޣգգۣãȻͷһûôС
ƴʱݺݵһۣˣǸϽɣǣղӦȥ̼ҵģ
ƻȥҲһҺ޹ӡѾͷղķҰȻôԼǴܶû
Ҳ֪ԼЩǨŭˣ̲סֵͷϣ·֪Լ᲻ԷҲԼһ
Ѵ˼Ұݷһ飬ϵĿڴѾùĹˡ
ڴװ˹ӻһǡ
ջصңϱȲȥСԲ԰ڸҵõ죬ȴʹ˸ɫʾԷԼط䡣
ģôط䲻̫ðɣǿ᲻룿Ȼô˵ţȴ˿ûͣĸźƽ˷䣬һԾİѷŸˡ
ˡطͻط䣬ŸʲôԭģҲҪ˺ðɣ
ȥѷŴ򿪣ҪҴ»ñ
أͼҳԼ߹ˣֻˣʲô͸ɰɣ
ƣʲôʲô͸ɰɣ˵ҺҪôƵģ
ˣüͻȻס°ͣҾϲĹĵ˵ӣֻСģ
ݴƺˡ

Ҫ侲
ס򲻹
˸Լ
տգˣΪ򲻹ɣ
ƣסڣҴ򲻹򲻹
տգӡ
ţ۾ٵɴһ͸ˣź°͵ָȻ΢΢ɿ˺һ
ںըë֮ǰڲ⣺ϴϺͺһ˭𣿡
а𣿡עʱɹתˡ
ףţһغѾһʱˡ
ɣһߣôܿһƾʮ־棺ʲôʲô֮
֮ҳ룬ʵ˵ܻʫѾͯ׼ˡ
ԭˣȻܿؼҾܴ󲮺Ӱ죬ٻЩḯ֮޸һйĶˡ
ǣԣĲɺãйĶôƽ׿Ϻأ
Ǻرһеİ취ڶ˿ȡ֮ǰȺͶԷһ
ںǰǸλ棬ҲкܶŮְ취ѡһЩǱɡ
մŲŲôʶλأʮֺ档
ҺܿΪ˻
һκȥƷ֮С͵ϣװǮĺɰ˰ȥҺǸ֣ѣǸ֡
ʮָм̸֮·ֶԷǸˣҿͯɷİ
ǣ˱㰵ʱΪдһЩʫʸ踳
ԽɫԽŹ֡
ΪʲôоغʶĹôѪأ
˵һçͦεţ
·һϣֵֹܾġ
Ǹƶ˶٣ʵѧʺܺã
˵ΪƽնҪ˳׬ȡãԵѧʵʱ䡣ҺͯԲѣŽͨ˵һഽ΢΢׸ֳ֮ɫ
ı飬ˣƭ˵ģ
Ҳ˵ƭˣΪͨȷʵܽҡƲƲ죬˿ûԼĲм룬ȷʵҾƶֻɲǿ˳׬ȡõġ
ô׬Ǯƶ׬Ǯ֮¶ܸȤæ׷ʵ
ҳ룬ʶС㣬ƽͼԼʫʮֵǼС
˵ƱˡȻţҲһͬʱüСţ
˲Ű
ֱСĸ̳
ȻȫصѡΡ
ֻûʲôǮΪλأ
ư˼⣬̲סüͷ֪ҴĸǸ˵ļң
ţϴ󡣡Ҵ
һ㶣¶֮ɫϴǸöĳԵ𣿡
šǰʱĲӮһӣʮַ⣬ǡȥϺȻƵʱ򿴵˺أһ۱ˣȥүүסҰԼ֪Ϣһһ˵˳
棺ϴöĹһʱӮӣҲȻĲĸ޴ˣôýӦ£
ĸҪʮӵĲϴԥ˳Ҿͽ˸סҵ˵
ʮӣϻҪ
Ʋ²ҪʮֻҵýˣɲҾȻóôӡǿʮӣϾͶˡ
뵽̲סҡͷҲ̫Ŀǳˣضͨĵĸôһʱ֮ͷӦأ
ǱƺһֱڸøˣҪɻεͯԡָ˵
ɫʱˣǵΪǼҲҪǼҿҪģ
Ǻֶͯ٣˷˵Ժۺϣ
Լԣ۵Լ˾;ԲУ

245Ҳǹµ

ƱķվתȦ̲ס˵Уҵøҵȥ
ֹ󲮣˿˫Ժʵ
ɵˡ
ڼˣһῴȥȰֻ¶ԷҲ֮༥
ԴΪǵԸ񣬿϶ΪԼǼʺֶа취ȡ
鵰̫ˣ
̫ˣûʲô취𣿡ƵıԹ
µĿתȦȦתȦʱſ˵аôˡ
ģһߵҸǰʵҾݺݸһѵǼɵ򣬻Ǯˮһգ
ţ뷨Ҹ϶
²ʣ˵ǸôѵǱȽϺãҵˣȻȥͨǸ𣿡
Ƕ鷳ҡͷҿɲ뻨ǮǮϡ
ƿó¼ΪУ㿪ʼ취Ҫ˰ѺֶȴۣҪɴзˣҼǵҪȡ֫ȫзˣԺͱμӿƿˡ
˵ԺңȴŶԷĻش
˭֪ȴϵϸϸĽһȻҡͷпģ˳ϲҲ
Ȼ˵Ҷŭ棬ְԼû¿ƿȻеףֱ˹ģҽѵѵôˣе
˵󣬻һ°ͣбңô㲻
ŮкܣΪҸƣҰѸ첲Ժ赭д¡
ƿ̬ôô÷ܣܲˬ˰죬㵹ãȻһӶܲϵģ
취ָָԼıӣƺܲ죬ҿɲһµ˰
һЩָƵˣȻԼ£˭Ű
һаı飺ҲܣҾͽˣ˭๫ҳͷ
һٶһ䡰˭๫ȴеĻ»ض
ʹʹĺﰡ鷳׼ʲôô
˵⻰ʱ˿֪ԼĴ΢΢ײЦ⣬ȫ¶˴ʱ˿ĺ顣
ҪҸһٺóԵģͷ룬Թ𣿡
ͻȻ֮ǰϰǿרųԻõĹûؼҺˣһζûùأ
δ˵Һʵʲôʳû𿾳𣿡
֪֤޲ðͷȥƵ˸ӡ
ǺڵĻÿû¶ů
룬ӣôˣͳԻ
ЦݣҲ̲סеĻڴ
ڶ죬㿪ʼ׼Իõʳġ
Сײˡˡˡ廨⡢ţ⡢ľ
ʳĲֻܷ࣬һЩ
ԼѶڶպÿԶɶԻʱǺܺóԵġ
Ҫ±ˮλұȽϷѾҺõƴһʳѧ㶹ķ
ͺܼˣ״׺ˮһıϾͿԡ
ֻǺܾòˣƶڶıЩò̫׼Ҫʵһ²С
ܸʯĥҵֱȻŴС
ǰľɷӵһʯĥ̫ˣԺƵıʵںܷѾ
˵ֻǴСʯĥԼáȵʵɹˣôʯĥҲ١
ͷУͷһ
ʯĥղӣǰլʯĥǺɽϱʯͷԼĥġ
ţллЦŵл
ʯĥܶóԵġ
ûƶͿĥԣ˶ǶɶȵȶƷҲͺܿԳԵˡ
⣬ûƶե͡
֪жෳ͵ζ
ǻԣǳãͶЩζԺɰɫ֬״ûԡ
뵽಻ס˵ۼǰǸʯĥҲʰɣܺܿҪˡ
֪ŮҪĵʳûʣˬĵͷУͷʰ
磬ƽͭϴɾÿˮ˼飬ȻԼõϡ
ңľ̿պ𣿡
ﴫҵˣ
ȻŲԶ֮Ųӣżպ˵ľ߽̿
󣬱Щ
ԭľ̿ɺȴ˹ȥһֱĵĸԱߣš
ȴ󲮣㲻õģֲЩֲ粻ܿƿǸ̲סЦ
ΣЩֻˣģһ˵ޣ죡겻˵Щģ
һ˵һ߱ȻŴԼ¡
ȴ󲮣ûϵҲЦ˵ȻתͷʺƣЩľ̿ŵĶԲ¯м𣿡
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248

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Ǻ𣿡
ҲٽһȻҴѾͷżҰѶӴߣ
Ҳǣ֪ȥԺżܲܶõ㡣
ĸƾӹżؿ϶ӺҴѾͷٲûк˸أż˸۸𣿡

һһţϻж϶˺żһȥµĶҲ϶ڡ
źĺһ
Ȼûһ˵ȫȻ˵żôԴģ
Щˣֱǿֲ´˿ڲԼϣԶ֪ۣ
ȻֵȥĻǿ֤ݣ԰СԲڴߡֻǣŸоҲ²סڿڡ
ԴԸһӱָָ㣬۵СԲ϶ԼίĻصżҡ
ֽǺƾԲԸ⿴ģ
˼Ƭ̣ûпȥϱ粵ѡתغԺ
ߵԺĽ䣬̧ͷһ󣬿ڽеа𣿡
䣬ǰͶһ
һһа
㡢Ķðģ̲סʵ
ղԼ´ѹûпӰôһӾͳԼǰˣ
аûش𣺡ǶѧԼ
֮⣬ҪϢûнӴЩаҲϸ͡
ޣƻȻ⣬˵а취Ըżң֪ʲô취
֪аĴ
˿Ͼ⣬Ͱˡ
˵գת뿪
аĿɿڴ
ʲôͰԼˣôֱӣô
˵ӵļƻǴǱ֣Լʲô취ܲܳȥѵһ̫̫ɣ
ˣԼȥһδɣ
öԺаһƣԼɱȥˡ
ҶĴ⣬Ŵſ޺һ󣬿ﾲĵģһӦûС
˰죬ɤӶЩðˣֲ̧˲ڵᣬһںǰӣǲߵģǺҺúݵİȻӵһ涼Ҽ
Ļǵͬ飬׷ǴЩ顣
ȻҲиҶõ˵û
ϱ
ϱʤΪֱʣһ˵һԸ
ȻҺͬסڴ嶫ͷȴ˸۸Ϊʮ
֮ǰƺԴͻʱԥվ˵¾ͿԿΪˡ
ô˼ҺҴѾͷģŪòһʬʱżҿǲŲʵģǻ˶ӲŰѴѾͷסУҼǵҪ˶ʮӸѾͷģʱ˵ĺѾͷĺӸûϵһϻǩأӴڼкͰͰˣޣӺ
ҵһ˸Ҹϵĸ˲ࡣ
һҭİϰ촭
̲סа˭ô˵̳ܲģĪǺҸʲôôˣ
ţ壬ͺͶԷˡ
ڣǰƽ壬ҰҪӵģ
ߴﹾת˼ȦϰԼһѣ¶֮ɫⶼǶţ֪ģɴȣҲԲǩģҾѾͷˣŻỨôӵסôܰԼеĶϱͷأ
ȻȻû뵽ζƵϣܿǱ㱻ϵİ֮ɫɱΣͬķ
ʡĵĶҲû취
˭˵أȢҴѾͷǰϸ
Ǳ͵͵ġ

˵ĻЦŲŰȫ֪顣㵱ʱ֪ǺԺҲûʾ
ĺӱϾżѪǰִҪӣֻºҲе֡
ǵĿһ۽յĺҴţû˼װɵİϣת뿪ˡ

251ҪӻҪ

ڴ˵ںҶǰҪӣֻǸ֡
ǿ˵ϼ䣬Ҳ޹ʹĻ˭Ҳϳͷ
Ҳһ㣬Ѿּ׼Դ˸ˮ
ֻǣڻǺʱڣ䣬ˮˮûþͽ˱ûȡ
Ҫǣ˳ԷĵֵĴǱɢȥԻؼˣ϶Զںſڣ캮ضӲĸҪж
Űҿһۣҵӻҡ
˼ţš
Ȼ޶·ûһ㡣
ֻ֪½ҵǲˡ
ǧģȻôѪĺݣô죬Ȼֻ̫涳ţаţſҧһڸȴŰӴһ˳
ҵʹһһ£ȻѪ˿
ѪˣŵİﴥǿűŵȻˡ
ˣݱͲι̣һһš
ˣǵˣͳ˻©ݵ̫ˣ
ͷ˿ӲˣѹֻῩ
һ϶Ժ˸ΪʹˡǲԼӣԼôĿиţ
һżҵ֣ǺӣҪģǡȿȣ
պ꣬һ紵Ǻ
ңյůůģů͵Ų붯
ľҡϣƺһڼȪıѩˮп
Ӧüʱ֣ա
Աߣͬľҡźϡ
ѧӶӣһڱѩˮϴЦݸпúȣ
֣ǾƷ
Ҳ֪ʲôˮ˿˿ģʵ̫úˣ
뵽̲ס˳㣬ʲôİ
ѩ棡̫գʶĴ
Ͼȵۣѩʲôѩʱе𣿡
ʶԼ˵©졣
Ϊ´ҿѩɣڰ֮Щѩȫ̳ġ
Ͼģˮý
ǣһĴȻǣѩһּΪϡеҩģɽѩ֮ϣʮѰ
㣬ǲǺܹ󰡣Ͼȵۣͷеıӣһʱ֮Щ᲻úˡ
һҲ󣬾ѵáҲżȻڼģӣͷۼҿֳ
̫ӢˣһԼԺѩ棬˵۾ӺѧĿ޴ʻԥѿڶ
ƤЦŵͷǣǣԺܶóԵģЩʳСϿҪܲ⴫Ӵ
ţ漰ԣϺĴӦܡ
ڰСƨŪȥˣư˿
ռտЦڰзˣҲ֪ѩɽѩһɽѩ֮ϣ
ƴǳ鴤ϻѩӸ׼ã
Ȼռֲ˲٣п棬ΪˮҪС
λҲˮɲ֪Ʒԭʲô⣬ЩһĶֿɬʮѳԡ
ȻҲպø˺ƻᡣ
ѩֲֶһ롣
ںô׬Ǯʱ򣬱ڴİܲס䣬߶µת뿪ˡ
ϲûлţ壬ȥǼס
ǱԸдϣһ뵽һΰҪӿúҶһӣʱı⣬ʮĽ˼š
¯Ա߿˺һӣϲڻ˹һ˿ů⡣
ջ̲סƿڴ治ǶȻŲҼңŶ磡
û˵꣬һ鶼ɳˡ
²صйȻҼ㣡ЦţǿסеĶĵݹȥһ
Ͻӹߩ˼±飬ȻֵĵɲǣҪĸңһڹĳڣȻͨƭ˵ѾͷƬӣ
֪ǶӣҲͬӺͺϺģ룬ҲҪȺԼıٽԷϳżҵţ
ڣͰ͵ĴţϹȴҵĴŶȥ

뵽ŭգ̲סٴҧгݵ
ǺĵϷйһͨȻʵҪǺһֱϼ㣬զ
ҾͶſڣǺˣҾͲˣǼһһֱˣߺߵĻ˻Ӹ첲
¶һ˿Σֹ
ϿԶֶ鲻ԣʵզˣл˵
ҵи⡣˵ĲԣҲȥǳ˵
ϲͷİڰ֣Ͻ˵ԼݣЩͷԵģ
ô죬Ͳ˸⡣
𼱣һ⡣Ƕ˶٣ЦʵҪǸӣúҸһ£
ȻҪҵˣΪҪҵ𣿡ϲõİ
ЦˣҲ˼ֻ°ҪӱҪҪһЩҲ˼
ҪӱҪףһȴɫתתûף˵
ҶӺܱҪѣǳһ⳥żңŻǿ԰쵽ġζЦЦ⣬Ҫôѡˡ
һӣһӡ
Ҫ
һΪѵӣҲߴ٣ݣҲǡҪŪĿģҲźðæ˵ǲ

252Ҫ

ϺΪѣԼһûҪؼҶӡŮһ¡
뵽ҲסˣڵһؼҺϼƺϼơ
˵꣬ߣߵſڣۻһסĸ첲ʵݣΣɵðø簡
ǵȻˣǸ϶Ĵ𰸣Խͳš
ĿͰ뿪¶Цݡ
̫Ż̰ᣬҪӣҪӡôõ£
ȻҪø绹ᣬӣҲŮ
ϣ̫ŲҪĿ̫ǳֻѡҪӣԼźмһЩô
뵽̲סõĿʼ
һߣϴҴҸϻţ壬ɻصȴֻŮڿϸޱ˯Ҷһ˵·ŵζ
ԴӺԺżҵļû˸ˡ
۱źˣﻹǵԼֻ˼ҵĺӣԼɴСˣַſڵģĻǾƲְæġ
ǸóֺеģֻҪǾͺãô
֮£ٵİֻܶ԰Ѽ
Ͼӹˣ統꣬ϴ·ټϴԺأܿأʱ۵Ķ
ⲻһЩ˵Ǹ˵ĶϱȻ˸ӡ
⻹ˣ˲ô࣬ʹҴææϸˮȥƽҪˡ
׼˲ô׵İӻԼ˭˾ȻôŶûи
һ죬ֶֿʵİϻصֳġ
ûгԵģȻˮûúȣʱһ
Ҫ㣡ʲôʱ˻˯զ㣡ƿڴţһ־Ͱˮ˳ȥں˯ϡ
涳һ죬ˮˮͶ˱磬ӲģޱôһҲʮֵۡ
໡һʹŷ˭ôңû۾ˣ
һ룬ȻɫơŭĵԼĿʵ
ߣҪǲǲڼܰԼûķ˸ۡ
ȻܻԹɫ
ʶ鲻ãæǰһĵʵȥĶˣɶ˰
أûûлش𣬶¿һȦʵ
۲ΪȻĴ˭֪ܵȥˡ
ԴӺͺԺͷżңʱˣҹޡ
ҪǣƢҲԽԽ⣬ʼѵţڰ΢˵һ䣬ֱˤŶ
϶ҶõȻ͸ȥˡ
ǣԽԽ޼ɵӰ
뵽ӣֶ˼ķҲ֪ϱʲôծ
˵˵ҲϡۺܲĿ顣
ϿһͷŮˣֺõĶȥˣһƿӵ㶼÷˳Ծ˯㻹ܸɵɶ벻ˣ
Щǰϵһ˵ÿһ߶ûͷ
ԹҼ޲ȥΪۼæĸ׵߶Թ
һ£·ʲôһ㷢
СĹ۲˰Σĸû㷢Ƣʮ֡
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ʱۻں˯֪Ϊγš
Ůʻϳһ£ûֱӻش𣬶Ƿʣ˵ӣȢϱ𣿡
ۼһĶǮȢϱ۵ĵһӦǷԣܿʶʲôʵǲǷˣ˶ӣ
һ̰ӣ᲻֪ʲô⣬Ͷҵ¡
ȵϣĻˣߺСüԼһ˿⡣
ϼ鲻û׷ʶԷȥ͵͵Сｫ˸ӵ˵˳
ʲôǼǶӣһˣŭĺ˸ƭңȥ
˵ţҡ塣
æһסҹզȥ˵ȥˣҲӣô
ҲܣҪǲѶӻңҸû꣡ƣͨ˫ۣĴŴΪ
ϼӷӦôаԾ
ʱлǵĻ
һ£Ǿ˵Сҽ춳ܲˣȥǼůů͡Ǹ˵
ǵԭ˵Ժ󣬰϶˶٣ҾҸӹ࣬ȢϱҪ
û˵꣬ͱ۴ϣӲҪӣӾҪӣȢϱʲôãȢҲ
ͻȻȻֹ
ͷ˵ϣʹࡣ
ϱһ˵ʲôͼͻȻڵϣۿᡣ
СǸ첻ߵģϲ֪ΪӲ˶ġ
ǶôǣҲӲԼǰֳκδӡ
ڣϱǱʹˮˡ
СզˣϾŵĺ˹ȥһѱסͷ
ڻһſŵ˵ǲҪӣҪӣҪӣ

253

³Ϊ˽ڣ˵Ů洴˳˼ţȶڵʴ˳Ϊ˵ա
һ죬ҪͥԺ̯Ԣ⡰Ѭ족
⣬³ߣʮߣʮߣֱΪС˺˵ġӡ˭ҪӡҪ
ԭ³ֻкҪҲڼСд˵ԼڵǰԶǺӡ
ǣһԶһ˽ڡ
ճڵ棬ԭĺΪһ֮ʹˡ
ͨ˵Ͱ϶ˣڴš
űĵ죬ĸӵĺԼһЩ
ƣôˣŵʵ
ʱգںȻкܴӰ
ʻϺͺʶĶһۣ漴Ϻܿôܣˣǲ̫ˣ۾Ϣһɣ
ϱϾѣŬװȻӣϵıҲЩӲ
żôĥûѧᣬԹɫıȴʵʵˡ
һ۾ͿƭԼǰĿ˺ơ
ƳĬһ̧ͷ˵㣬ھ⡣ʵϣˣҪСԲǰӻֻûȴ󲮸š
ʲôżҪСԲ
Թͳˣڼңǿдûס
˲òҰףҵĻͷȥҶӡ
ԣСԲ˯㣬С΢΢š
ӣʧĲŽ
һᶨޱȵ˵СԲҶӣҾԲżҰߣԲᣡ
㣬ģûСԲźԱ֤Ŀ˵
ı֤Ī̤ʵ
ȻñԼСӣ֪ΪʲôĻԼзأȵﶼҪá
뵱ԼǱĻصңðοԼԼ
Լż۸ЩʱȥżҽԼ˻
ҲûӰԼס˺ӡ
ˣûãֻҲͬ롭
һ׮׮һö˼ΪҪá
˵ûãôûԼ
Ŀ˺һۣ˵ͷƣˣ
㣬İɣƳЦЦת뿪
ߵԺƾǽǣͷа𣿡
ৣ
һӰ֡
һתµ˵ôҺȥˣû㷭ǽ
ΪʲôҪǽаƵʵ
ָָԺǽĻƽʱǴǿϵ𣿡
аһߡǰԼʱȷʵϣǲԼÿζҪϰ
˵ѾǺˣҶˣԼڹͺͺϣǺԣǸ˶ܿԼ
аûм׷ʣֱӵԼаĿģˣ⣬Ҹô
ʱ򣬺ƾѾҹаˣͨаػ˵һж֮УֻҪԼһ¼ɡ
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⣬ɤӶˣɴȻա
ѹ¶棡ʵڲУҰ߿˵
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˵ţҪߡ
첲һţҼͽ𣿡
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СӲӣһ
ʱѾ˺ǿнŵ׼ˡ
ܺŮˣֲûŮˣ֮ǰٴ
񣬺һΣС
뵽Լվŵˣ˿š
ҴѾˣҼһϵûУҴܼ𣿡ư°ͣһ߰˵
ɫ˲úѿĶÿ
Ҳأơ
һвǲãǾͱҲˡ
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˵ţ׼ſڵĺƣֱӴȥ
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ͷβûô£Լͱݺˤ˵ϡ
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ʲôˣŰˣæȥ
ɸһɱҽ
۵ĲˣŤͷƣҧгݵǾȻҶôص֣Ҫɱ𣿡

254׬ʮ

ƾվԭأЦЦĿŰʹС
ôȻҪӣ
ˣӿǲ㱻̥У
Ϊżţ˻Ҫһϴ·
ɽأ
ż˾ȻԻеĴȭӣ
һ뵽һĻƾȫ޲ɱ
侲侲ĬĬԼ˵ֵΪմȾѪȣ
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ʱĴǱ׷׳֡
ˮλҳԣ˵ҪңҲһ£˭֪ӸֽƵģһӾ͵ڵϣ˵ˤˣǮİɣ
˵ղ󡭡˵ųȥͻȻֶԷӰûС
Ա߲˲ʲôԼǿţһСƵԾ۸ҡû۸ţҼſˣǵ׽
ʲôľȻܵƽ۸ˣôĵӣ
ƽĴһըˣϺĿҲ˲òơ
ǿز۵ǵǳġ
װʲôװСһ£𣿡
ǣ㻹ǲˣүǾվװˣ
Сװˣϵװңһûһö
ǸϳȥȻ۸ˣǰƽ˷𣿡
ԣǸϳȥ

İƽ񣬰ϻ񣬺ʵСô죿
ʱҲ˲ˣǿŴӵŲ˻ߵĺҾҪҶӣ֣ƾʲôҲң
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ðˣ۱⣺û۸ֻżҶӣ
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ף⵽ô£
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ΪǸѾͷ˭֪ǶӣŭȻżҵĸǾͱҴߣңҾ͸Ǻƴһ
ΨһѪҪҲûʲô˼ˣ
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ƳǸ˵ĴЦЦʾлȻĿͨ
裬аڡ
ղаһֻ־Ͱӳȥˣ˵֮Ĳࡣ
Ҳ֪Ҵ֮ǰԪˣӵʱǰֻ̤˹ŹأСӹǾһ㺢úšҵԼԲС𣿡˵ЦЦб㣬㳯ҼҪĶʮӣʣ˶٣òӣҼҶӰɣ
ⷬ˵ļΪ˵ǰӷڵϺݺݵĲȡ
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ȻˬĴӦֻ˻ΣڴʮҾӣסڣڲ򣡡
ʮǷ׷¶Ծı顣
û˶Դ˷ʲô飬ϾҲΪ˺ӺãȽżҵп˵ʮֽˡ
ĿźƵ飬ֶԷûкԼ˼ͷãϣ˵㻰һڴʮģ
ˣҾͿǰСԲ㸧ˬĵͷ
һΪĿ˺һۣתߡ
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ССæеôˣ
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ϻʲôȴѾͷҲص뿪ˡ
ӶˣʣԼȻҲʲô
һҲ뿪ˡ
û뵽ȻôɴĴӦԼʮ⣬һžȲҲڽаԭ
ôӦôɴࣿһ׬ʮô죿ЩġԭǺܲͬģаҵ˼
ȥǾңԲʮϵĶ˵Ƿ
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ԭȥĳĲ
νͽʮľ䣡
ĳôЩͽӮǮ뿪ģʲôĳƵˣ
һĳȹˮöͽǳͷȻһһԽԽԽԽ񫣬ҵ˵Ƿ¸߶ծ
ѾԤߵ³ˡ
޴Сöı䰡̾Ϣһת뿪
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ӿеˣȻЩòһ
صԺưſڷһһʮĸ˵ȺϺͺ
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֪ʲôʱʼѾ˺ҶĹǣƺֻҪ֣ûʲô˵һ㡣
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ɱҰҸûˣҪи̣ҿզ죿ظµ˵
ϱķۣ㡢˵ѻ죡
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ϻ˶񣺡УҵȥǮС£
˭谡˵꣬ۼҸɶƲƲ졣
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֪ŮıԣݺݵɹȥͰˣҪû磬ǻм𣿡
۱ɫڨڨӣɶһûԷɶԵû
ԳԳԣ֪ԣ綼ˣ㻹Էֵ˲Ծͳȥ
ȥǮ
ѾͷָˣֻܿԼ
ǣһ㣬żҵ˭ԸǮأ
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Ҹ米˵ĻҶˣǲǸҪӣҪӡֱӽⶪϣʮǺҿ϶УھͿȥҪӾҸ磬ǲҸҪǱˣ
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֮󣬰ȥƽ峯ҪӣֻҪǸӰСĶżҾͲҪˣ
ȥ˺ɱһһСˣСĺһӣ۶
ϰڰ֣ϽȥյˮԵģ
дʯͷ˵أ˽취ϲžԼֶ
ڵ͸֧ﻹȥֻʹۡ
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һֱû˵İŶ˶һǰϣ׼ңȷʵмҪ㿴ǲǽȥ˵ȽϺã
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˻һһƬȻ
żһ߲ҪˣȻ˵ֻ
ҪӰ
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257

һԣѾ׼Ҫһ£ðӰŮĸߡ
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Ƚϼ˵ķŭƾ͵ˡ
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ģʮӣ
⼸ڰϵͷϣɫһףͷһѣΡ
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ʮľ䣡ĳǺĵİ
ҪǲˣֻĹǺˣû׼Ҳȱ첲ȵġ
żҲģ

ֿʼͬϣӿһɷŭ
ϴʱ㸻Ӧðң
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ѵҺҵӾǴģӦӦֵҪӼżң
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׼ңһδĥҴ𣿡Ц˼ôһ˵ҲŷҲû֣гôΪΰأҪǮ࣬ͬ˲𣿡
⻰ΧĴһкá
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ǰżҾǰǣιģٶҲ״
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һ˲䣬ֵĴȫ꣬ûһͬڵϵİϡ
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ϵ۾ʱˣԸСˣ
ҲʶʲôСֻԸΪС°ˡ򴽣ʮҲǲܸ㣬뵱˵־ݣӡҰţżҵķҲѺң
һû˷ӣӻˣһ˳ʲôʲô
ƺǿ뷨˵ҶҵķûȤԺֻҪżҲҼǰҲȥҵķӡʮҲ͵ǸСԵˣôҪԸĻд־ݣؼҰѷùһֽһֽӣȻҾˣ

258°ϻ

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ðһҿ̧̧°ͣһ뿪ʼıݡı顣
⡭զԼĲһɵˣʶбǡ
æվԲһΪģߵԱߣСȰưҴҵģαΪӸԼأҪżͷ֣ȻʧɶÿҲģ𣿲Ͷӣǣұ֤ԺǼҾԲˣҪˣҵһͰǴߣ㿴Σ

259Ǹ¼įˣ

ԭƻΪǺһֱҪҸĵطԭⰡ
ܿˣҪ
ֻǲ֪Ϊ֪֪
ƵĿɨԺſľһľȻİϣа²⡣
Դ»ҹȥɨԺӣ治ȱ
ֻǣٻӣƾʲôǺأ
Щ²
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תķɿ죬Ŭȥ²˵⻰⡣
ͨŮ˵ԼįԹµò㡭Ī㲻˺ƣ
뷨ǰһ·ҵһոµĴ·
ǸΪһ˽ֶεˣȻҲ᲻֪ܵںɽСҪ˺
ʵϣԺûжٸ飬ֻȢ˵һѡ
Ͼ޳Ķ죬Ȣò񣬻Դطļױ
أȼ޹ԺЩױ˵ôô
ңܵú̫̫ĳ谮ԺСڻʱʱȥլ硣
һУǵ֮С
ԭҲԼļƻ⣬ڡ
ͺȣƨƵĽֺͷȲϣ
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˵ʱҹޣһǺͺ֮ìܣԲűܶ
ôһ룬Լܴ󰡣
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һȻǺۣһЦƽڼҲûʲôӣͷһ֣һе´ʱ䣡͵ͼˣ˵ǲǣ
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264֮Ҳƣ

Ӧ˵ˣҸĸҪҼ޵ţȥû뵽ҺҲ䵽˻һ졣˵ԳЦЦǰܾԼǿҲáҲ֪ҪãֻԼȥȻ͵űƵ
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ÿ춼Լˮ֮С
ָо׸ֱֶ۶ˣԵͯԵʱﵽ塣
õһǷˣû취ٿҲһΪηһ㾡Ҳȥ·ҪŪͯͷǱ˽ҷҪεģ
ΪѾˣ˭֪Ӳʱ򣬵ﾹȻԥԼ˵ţи˼ԸʮӵĲʱǺԥͬԼ£˸Է
صܸߣ˳ܵˡ֪֮˽˴Լ׵⻧˼ҵΣ֪һҧˡ
ǸҵϴԼʮ겻˵öĹ˼ôܼأǰԼư
ԼһֱЦ˵˻û뵽ԼҪ޵˱ǸҪ
ôĸԸĽܣ
ʱ䣬һֱŷǵͬһ㣬׼˰޵һӣ˭˵
۰ĸףᰧʱӲĳһ仰ٺ־Ͱ˰ż޹ȥ
ż޹ȥ
һ뵽һĻؾͻ
ԭΪԼڴһˣõһֺƣôƶѹŶ򡣿˭֪ʱȴѺƴƣȫ̽ԤС
ҵмģ򲻻ҪҼӣôԡôΪҸ磬ȫҵҸصͺʺͷߺޡ
վĺƾйԹһԡ
رеĻһ߳о˺ܶ࣬ɼԼ˵˰ԷȻûаӦô˵
Ϊûʲô˵ġʼ磬㲻Ҫżҵ𣿡
֮⣬Ҳ߿ֻ࣬żΪʲôͻȻҪСԲ¸Ȥ
ᣬôһ˲Ťͷߡ
ԼĿģһ
Ǻ˵СԲ¸ǣȻǸ
üСΪô
ô֪ЦǼǼҹɣ
⵹пܣƲźǸ۶ˡһӻӡ
Ǻ˵ģ׻׳ģ˵׼
˵ˣôģȻ֮ǰԼϢ
ɻ󣬵ʵΪҪң
ֻǲǼұ˻ڹش
һ㶼ţúؾǰӺһѣϣԼҶԺĲ
ǰغͺĹϵõģǱغת
ʱ䣬˵ΪҪ׼ױլΪû
̫̫׼һЩױϴԼǲҲضҪһЩױ͵˺̫̫֮ìܣźúڸԼױûٵԺء
ԣضԺԹҲ
ƿɲЩ߰£Ͳլֵ췭ظĳԹȺأ
лģ赭д˵СϾҪȥżˣԺҼҲûʲôϸ𣡶ңСԲѾˣֻϣܹƽĳ󣡡
زţңĲ
԰ʲôҲƲ΢Ц
ؾһؿڣĲˡ
УȻ㶼ϣֺαˣƽһ˵ҽҪˣԺ󶼲ٻذƽСطʵҲûʲôԹϣǽÿԺ͡
תˣԴͻȻðһ仰ʶѿڶ֮Ҳ𣿡
زûѪûͱôʣʲô֮Ҫˡԣ뿪Ҫˣ
ʲô𣿷ԺҲˣֻܻƷʡ
һʱ֮侹Ȼ޷
ȻԺȷʵˣ˵ԼˣôŶɣ
ô˵Ĺĵ˵
ȻԺˣԵɣϾԩ˽ⲻ˽
ţεĵͷðɺðɣ㻹ʲôԸ˵ҿܲܰɡ
Ըⲻ
ƣǺˣֱõ֡
գգۣôˣѵҪҰæǺ߲ͣ
ֳԺſڵķ˸ƣ׼Ϳ͡
ԣĺתߣȷȷʵʵҪƵİ
Լ²òͷԴ˵Ҳ֪ЩЩ׬Щӣ󲿷ֶҸˡͷûжӣߣ̲̫ܲܽһЩ
˵ⷬʱ򣬺ղˡ⻹һεĸ˽ǮһǳԼһ򲻶Ըý衣
ʲô취µѾ˿ˡ
Ļۣý㣬ҪҽǮ
Ϊ飬ػ˵ͷ
ĻҪģýҲ˵ˣԺ׼ôҰɻʵ

265°֣ʮһ

ĿҪˣ
˵̲ǺһЩ
ѵҪԼлһ
߷߲ǵͨ죬ۿѸӿˮȻΡ
ްú۸ƵģҾ˵˵Σͳʮӵ˹ȥ㣡ӾͲûҲ֪ҪȥЩӦù·ϵ̲ˣý㣬һȰе˱Żʵȴ飡ϣܲ۾ҵԼҸ
ݹӣһ漴Ǿ䡰ҵԼҸĪ;ñͷһᣬۿʱ˳
ʱ̫ˣûһ˰ûһΪ롣û뵽ΨһһϳְףˣȻã
һʱ֮䣬鸴ζӡ
ллĿ˺һۣͻȻʵлһץӣת˳ȥ
ıӰƳĬһС̾˿
ԼѾѹˣ֪ýԼ˼ûС
ԺпտյˣΪʲôҪǻŮ
ЦЦоԵĺú;ԵĻ˵ȻǰҲԸûзʲôˡĴ˵ҲǸ˰ˣ
λŮŮĲ
ôһͱ̫̫ǿжأ
һ˵ıλ棬Ů˵ı
ʮ壬ˡ
һƵĴ죬ƺȥϡ
ôã¥Ҳ׼ˡ
ԭ˵ţȥģ˵ţ̫ˣ䣬׶ð
֪ĶһȻݻô磬滹̿¯ʮů͡
ðԺλòһҪɵϣϳٽ֡
ǰ¥ԺӶĻסĺԺԼס
ǰתһȦʮ⣬㿪ʼ²ֽź̿ʻͼ
Ժƽͼãע֮ǰõĳߴ磬ˡ
ȥԺ󣬺ٽԼҪװ޵ϸһһͼֽϡ
ûѧƣֻܽԼ뷨¶ľּ򵥱עһ¡
ھʵʩҪ߽֪֮Щط
ϣƾ˼ȻʲôԼʶִ̧ȥ
ѽҪұĪǧˣҷӦݵһץסƵ֣٩
ұǸѧģǰ˶ǰЭ飬дʵ˵书ҲԲԼұȻҪ⳥ԷǧΪʧѡ
İֳˣҾǿиӶѡ
ӣȷӣҺЦ
ָ˴ҵĸ첲аȻôһֱ˵ġ
ȻԼӣѾͷ˰
ΣյۣͻȻٵĴչȥںҧһڡ
㣡ƾгƿңԷѾϾԭλˡ
쵰Լŭҡ
Һ޹̯֣㲻˵Ӷҧ˵ģң˵Ѫ
˵ѿ죬ͷԼݡ
⸱аȵӣеѪ˼
۾ֱˣһ仰ôô˧ѪҧһҲֵˣ
ԺпտպķЦˣղˣҩ
߳ŭķʥԣʳɫҲ֮ԣлգ
տգԭˣˣжɫ˼ǣ
ðɣԼҲ޷ֱжɫ仰ˣߡ
Ϳտհ˼죬ǵ컵Ҳɢˡ
һóһԡ
Ķĸ㣿Ҿˡ
治ɫĲѣϳŵʱ»Ӷġ
Ҳһ飡Ҫ
ưһ㶪У֣һ飡ûˣ
ѾͷǹģųƮɢĸζĥ
Ա㣬ʼɻ
Ҳģ԰Լ֮ǰƽͼ˳ʼôװޡ
֪ʱҲ˹ʵʲô
ǽڷָͼֽϣָһעĳߴ硣
ߴ簡֮ǰԺʮ׿һۣڴ
ҵָֻһأ
ʮס
أ
ʮס

˼ע֮󣬺Ƶ˼ˣɷ̿ʣȥȥĵҪ𣿡
ЩδЩ档Ϊһģû뵽ÿԼĺ塣ջ֣ĶźƣԼļ𣿡
Ƶͷһʱߡ
֮ǰָЩ׼Լּ¼İ
ƷˡⰢֿɲԼģðȻռã
룬˵ʶֲ࣬Լ㻭ģ
˵꣬ЦŽͼֽ
ſۣҾͷ˰֣ٶ࿴ֻۣӢĸҲҪ¶ˣ
տգˣ˵ðȻռã
ƣ԰ҿûгԼģ
տգ˵Լ㻭ģǱоҪţƣ
ƣ𣿹ⶼǳԹȺԲģҿûô˵
ȻֶѾ¶ˣԺԼãպ÷㡣
EMMMMԼһ̫įպСҲҪˣս̸Ժ㿼ţҲ԰æˡ
ںƾһѵ¡ôһȣԼ꾭ĸ߿ֱСƣ
ô߿ֻҪͿԣƾǴȫĶѡμģ
ĶǶľŰֱǸ˿
ƾÿȡ»غԼСϲǿϣҲӲ
Ͼ·ͨʮг״Ԫ

266µҪ

ҡ
ûгţ˼ʰʰ˭֪ȴ˵ϵˡ
һ棬ͷ˴ʹɩɫԣæѯԵɡ
۾ףֻǵͷᣬһԡ
ŭָźıӣ϶ƽ㲻㾹Ȼұôң
磬˵ʲôأôףһͷˮ
ۣŭ⣺װ⣡ǲزˣϽҽ
أһȣǺö˶˵Ĳظʲô
˭֪Ǵʲô⣡ߣ϶ҪǶҲͳС
⻰ˣɻĿĴɩֿŭյĴ磺ɩǲɶˣҺúõģΪɶҪСУΪɶ˵ҰزˣҪҲʲô
ΪҪˣԡ˵Щ˵ȥˣֱӿʼͷͷ壬д󺰵أҳ
æ첲ȥ磬סģ㲻ܽȥ
ƭ˭أҴѾͷס¥ǲ䷿ÿҽȥţһƿϣͳǸŽյĿͷȥ
ǹֲûܼҸǵĶС¥ܶȥιˣ˭֪¥ķסġ
ϾȻһ¥סӼŶԷƭԼһǺز棡
飡š
ﴫˮڵϵӤ۴
кӣһ£漴Ƕõ۷ΪкڣزԼͲȥ
ز棬ΪξʧİѱӶˣ
Խ룬ԽԼµࡣ
ţأҸ㣬ӲģΣҲҪȥȫҪ˵˹ˡ
ﺢӵĿˡ
һߣϱƵһģˤڵأ˺һѡ
һ飬ǱߺţСԲſˡ
һˣ۵ĲˣæǰǸɶӵӣզȥأ
ԹҲû˵󲮴ֶŮӵķ䣬ȥɺͳ
Ҫۼƽڼ˵Ĵ¡
ҲǰȰ裺磬ûҼң
߿ҿǳĵģҾҪ˶ˣǲص½ˣȫ˿ǼЦͷµ
ţԱ߿ͷͻȻ͵رˡ
ʲôò˯ˣҹȥһߴӰӿͷ߳ŨŨ
ʧصĺŤͷ˶ûֱӷʲôƾʲôҹ
˵ʲô߽üͷһԳ˺ǰ
θߴ󣬱Ⱥ߳һͷ
ϵƱֱʤһԴĲŭĹֱѹúˡ
ѣ̧ͷ߽ʱһڵϣġүҲ֪Ҳ˵ʲôǶǲǣû˼
״ΣԽԽң˵Լһ͡
Ҳʲô˼Ϣˣֱ߽һ޶סĲӣק󲽳ȥ
ƴСƵͲ
һ·⣬߽˳ȥ
ŵ˹ȥô
һĴ帾ɷ򱻴ֻ²߽ʲôͲܲ˵ƿڴˡ
ϲһ
߽ݣƽǵģֻԣƨҷһ
ʹУϿ޿ģ߽Ӳͷˡ
ˣҪ޻ؼҿȥУǺסģ˵ǸʲôѹûϽ߽ϲӬһ˻֣תˡ
Щɵۡ
϶ҵ˵Ļţ˼үûƭɣ
϶ûվϵĻңɰͰ͵ʵ
Цã磬ƭ˵Ҷöûˣƽ׵Ĳʲô
Ǵ˿ˣϲ˵
Σϣ𣿡
ûҡͷҼҲδؾҼҰ嶫ͷס˼Ҷˣ˿ҼԺˣ
ûСϳһ£аѵԩˣ
زڶȥĶأ
֮£̲ס޳ҵذ㵽ȥĶˣҪﵣ𣿡
һԵĺҲҰܣ·˲˺üƵġ
ô°ϺĴ
ϳĴҲ֪ǰúõģ˵Ҫ԰ӣұȥðԺȴ˲ˡʱҲû룬Ϊȥéˣ˭֪
㣡˶ס̲סֵ
Ͽŷ˭֪˰ǰѾӦҪˣ
ӦѾͷ϶ǹŪأһʼͲԸ⣬ڵôôͻȻͬˣ˵̲ס̾˵Լˡ
ӵĶԻ
ŵģظԸⰡ
˵£ĸ֮ý֮ԣҲҪһºӵĸܰǾǹĻûпǵĸܣŵô࣡
뵽̲סȰ磬ȻزԸޣǾ˵һ±ǣαǿأ
˵ɣĶ˼Ըһóʮ񰡣ȥĻɫƵķ
Լҵ£ʱֵõ϶ָֻˣ

267·Ƶĺ

ȵƺһʱ򣬺Ѿ뿪ˡ
ǻǴӺϿ˴Ҫ˵£Ｋˡ
´δˣҪǿţĹĵ˵
ȻѾı˲٣ÿ󲮺ʹϾһƫƫԷ۸˵ʱԼڼңͺ
ܹ̾ݣŵĻ̫ðɣ
ݣ˼Ұ㵱ĴŶû£ǹҪӣǹ£˵ⶼȥӵˣҪ߽ڣǲҪŴ󲮴ȥԺòҴˣΪһʱ֮ӣ˺ѵҴЦ𣿡
⻰˵ľͱȽˣ
λȷʵŮӵķ䲻ӽȥ˵˴ȥǿ뷿ʻҪء
ȻǧָŮȴǳ׵׵Ļջˡ
뵽ϵҲ
û뵽һ㣬û뵽ô紳ȥĺôء
£ҿǲܣһξԲˣ֣˵
ϾǳҲٶʲô̾һˣȥСԲû
ļ죬һֱͷͼ
żʲôĵط¥ȥ߽
רҵʿڣһж˺ܶࡣ
߽ҲʮƽΪԷĹܹһµĴ
ƽججģΪ飬Ψ̸Ƿӵʱ˲Żɢ
ʱ£¥װͺԺӵĲֶѾоĲˡ
õͼֽͺƹ߽ͨȲ뿪ȥװԺ䡣
߽ͬ˵һǮѶҪһͷ
ʮ֣һ߽Һ˵ĸо
ǱϾദôãҲˣһͷƻǲĵġ
ΪôػװԺ䲢ҪȵԺ
߽һ߱һ£Ҫѯʺ֮⣬ʱסϡ
һα½ůҲӣԳ߶ˡ
ѾµСԲ֮ǰ˲٣ÿ˯ʱܳʱᶢŴЦ㵸ʮֻá
ԴСԲԺ󣬺ÿ˲Ȥ극˫˫ȥСԲ棬ʱΪűﻹִ
ҶÿӶڻЦжȹ˳ĵĺϿ֮ǰģʮꡣ
֮£Ҵ󷿾ͳƲҵˡ
ûҵصټţָľҪˣ֮£ǲ˻ʮӵĲ񣬻Ӳưոݡ
˾ݡ֣ת۾͵˹꣬¾Ͷڹĵڶ죬³
˵ʵһ㶼ȥμӺĻ񣬸ȥױ
治ȥĻȻᱻڸ
Сʲôױʲô񣬺Ʒ޷޲ѣѺСԲżҵȫ˵˳
ʲô˵żҪСԲǺĹŵʵ
źϾԼΨһãǰֵò̫죬ⱲӾôһóޣ»ǸԷαȽϺá
˭֪ȻԼı
ϵɫʱˣһۣ׷׾ı⡣
ãʲôѹ׵ĺ񰡣˼˼Ϲȥ͵ˣ
һʱ֮䣬ɺֲˣϺͺƿ
϶Ժû˺ӡ󣬴һ±˼ҵ񣬱һƥúƺ͹ȥ
ƺͺˣı׼񣬶һǮ
ǺռݣѹͲǺԼӵСú͸ġ
լŵƽʣһƬϲ
ȥ⼸͵żȥ̫̫һæŸŮһ߶϶ӣǱûʲôֵܣȥԺеҪæľ֣ɵվ֪
ԸżȢҽ㣬ֲҽȥǣĶСȥæģ
ȥ¥Ͷѿأ붯
ż˿٣ȥһôˣڸǼҰæԺ޹ȥżҲҵͿˡ̫̫ɹȥߴٵϽȥզˣܵľģ˼ҸɻһĲ򣬵ʹǰɣˣûּҳȥڻסأ
Ҳÿ¸Ͻ˶Ǯ𣿡
ԴȥѾͷͲˣʹɩǾû˵˺üΡ
˵ѾͷԼ㹤ǮԺͱѹǮϽɡ
֮£ֻø˵ÿ¸Ǯȥʣµںš
̫̫ޡ˿ĭŶǮ͸ɶģ˼Ҷ֪׬˶٣ÿ¸Ǯ͸ƨƨߵĸǴҪأҲɵ˼ҳ⣬͸˵Ҳˣ
̫̫ԹžıԹһѣﻰⶼָҶص
ƵĻ˵ܶܶΣöеˡ
Ǹ㲻ɩõˣΪʲôǿϣӲİ˼һӱˡ
ڿɺã켦ɹһš
ÿҲʱԣһĵȻȳһܣǼϸض
ԽԽԸˡ
ԣʵҲּҳȥʡÿջЩġ
Ը̫̫˵˵Ļߣյſڣǡĺƺҡ
Ѿͷңˣ¶ЦɨĶǸҽ𣿿
˵꣬ȷԺš

268°ȥ

Ѿͷҽˡš
ǹġ
ղź̫̫˵˼һ˼Ҿˡ
뿴ò˼ա
ʵ֤Ǹ߹˺̫̫߳ġ
̫̫ƺһʱȥĶӴôණЩóԵʲôʱ˵㲻֪Сò߻ʲôãֱӸʵЩ
ܿţǵһʱͰѶͨͨ˹ȥ
ģ˼ͼɶҲԲ꣬Ͽţɶʱ·СЦŽ͡
̫̫һ㶣θߣɶ͵ģЩԼ񣿡
ȻˡͲҵ͵ģ⼸Ҵ͵ģЩɶ͵ġָЩһһܵ
̫̫ˣףǼҾô㶫Щױ𣿡
ױ㲻ѾС׼üױ𣿡˵ҳ׵ʱҲûյʲôױԭݸױ˵
Ƴ׵ʱ򣬺Ϻú̫̫׼ױġɺ̫̫СۣǺ޶һǮóգһȥϲƵʱֻ˰Ｆ˼һ¡
±֪Ժ󣬱ЦǺܾá
ڣ·ʣҭĺ̫̫Ǻ
۾Ƽ䣬±ϾִֻϺ
͵Ʋ￴̫̫ɫأ
йȥСԲ
̣æɣǾͲˣ˵ŸǵĻƺԥתߡ
̫̫޺޶ıӰһ
ѾͷæҲ˵æŭ
ֻûŲɿ߳Ժӡ
ѾͷʮΣҲ˵ȥͺƺҳţҽ˵ȥż͵ˣ
˵꣬ŵĨͣܵ÷ɿ졣
ڶգޡ
ҪӣȻȥϯüЩ۵ˣźϽֻ֣кϽȥˡ
ȥŻһʱϵɫԶ̫ãһլˡ
̲סȰ͵֪үүȥɶƵģ´Ҹڱȥˣ
Һ˼ȥ𣿱߸ͻģ˭֪ͱ̽סӲǰϴϴӣûһڡڰ֪ӦúԼȥڼ𣿺αȥլʹŸһûϣŶӻˡ
һʲô㻹ûԷⶼˣǶһ죿Ҳ̫
Ӳĸ
ܱͬųĲǡ
ȺƣﻹǱȽЩͳġ
˭˵أһ
˵ţͼŽ룺Ҹһڰɣ㣬붬Źˡ
ƣҲأһ߽ӹʢ룬һ˵
Цһ͸ʢһ룬أ
ԼҺð̲סп
Ц̫̫ȫĵĽеһġȵĺľˣҲˡ
ʱѮģ̣ˡ
˿һ˰ǨĻƵգ׼ƺҰҡ
ʵûʲôֻ׼õı졢ưȵȴϵլȥ
һ͹æˣ㰲æ졣
ɼĶһţҲװ£ǺֹȫţװƵȥ
ϸ磬׼ѶȥĶȫĴ
ﺩЦ˸լӣӴ㿪¥ⲻӣǰѶȥ
¥ȫһ޵б°Ǵͷһݣ
ʶǫ飺ĶϹ֣ԡܲ׬Ǯһأ
ƿɲϹֵĺӡȫЦЦ̽ʣǿ¥ƹĺͻɶĶ𣿡
֪ҲûЩ¡ҡҡͷ
ȫЦŰѻˣǰ¼Ұɣɶʱǹװ
˵ˣм˼˼СʵĴ
ȫӿ˵ɶʱ£ϸǧ˸һ
ƾ죬ʱҽ㡣ֺǺǵĴ
ϵסţͣԺĲŴ
룡ɣȫһ̧ͷǽԺѿڶ
ʶҪǫ飬ȴЦ˵߽æҪȻôͰסأ
ŷӦլ߽װģǫ˵װģ˵߽ɵĲã
Ժ˽Գһ
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ȫιһȦЩɻʵƣ㲻Ǵ㿪¥𣿡
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ȫԺұ޴һȥ¥Է
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ҽյƺرãܺһ˵Ҫ̫ƷѣǴһӣ˺ܶˡ
ҳԵʮ־ˣ
ʣµģﻹȥȡ裬ʣװؼҳԡ

269

ȫ°æʰȴˡ
˵Ҫæ˼ģԼ˼Ұʰ¼ңе̫ˡ
콫ֻȼ򵥵ʰһ£ϺƺҲס
Ͼ˱ˣƷܶණҪá
ȥǼԺˡ
˵Ʋ׼죬ݻҪġ
ѡ˸ӣҺͺʽǹס
Ϊլ˺ҵ˻£˭֪Ȼûһ¶档
μǹ׵ϺҵĲɰ棬ش֮һ֪լ˺ҵ˲֪ԴʲôȻֶˡ
һߣаź
ĸҵҩۺģֻҪСĴָ׸ôһ㣬ͱ֤ȫаһ˵һСĴָʾ⣬⡣
ƺϲ۵Сóһǵ˹ȥɶҪЩ۵ңǾɨˣҩûʲô֢
᲻ᣡµķ٣𴲣éӲãаЦ
ǾͺãЦĵͷҩ㻹ж𣿸ҵ㣡ͷҸóԵģ
ȻֹкҩɺҩָۣӦоУһкóԵģаԼıҩǶ˳󷽵ķָơ
Ӱа쬵ģĸΪζЩ˵ҩôȤôҩۣ׼ȥ˭ҩأԼҪҪһþᣡ
ǹ֮ҺͺƱʽᵽϵլСֹǣϡҲһͬˡ
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¥˵ȥޣæʰӺԺӣԼһͷǸС￪ʼʯĥĥӡ
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ʵ⿴ȴͬһﲻͬ׶εĲ
ȣʯĥϴõĻƶˮȫĥ飬ľǰװ׵Ķ
ȻĥôĻԼ겻ɵġ
ҺǾվڽа
Ҫ˵аҲƣԼְΧԽԽ㷺ˡ
ǰֻǸ𱣻ӣӴϢǽǣռϢٺȥĸ
ĸȫͲ˵ˣҪʱʱĸٻĸ֮䴫Ϣ
ŸҲˣְĥ¿
аɧʱ򣬾˵а磬ҽҪֳʳŶʱÿһЩȥĵǳ
лĸалԹȫüЦİʯĥתķɿ졣
һʮƶ㶼ĥɶˡ
̫ˣĥÿ죡ƺ֮ʣҨˮʼϡͶ
ϡҲнģõıտˮöһıϡ͡
ϡͺ֮㿪ʼˡ
Ϊ˹ЩƻȫĶˮæ˼רùߡ
˶Ĺߺܼ򵥣ĥ⻬ľͷ̶סӽʮεľܵһڴϷ󣬽һ޲ϵľܵĸϡ
аϡͺõĶײУƱֳľܿʼζ
ĶεδĵС
Ƽ򵥵һ裬Ҳ൱һƱ۵ͷ󺹡
ĸֻҡξͿ𣿡аһʵ
֣ͣ˲ǰҪһֱ治ˮΪֹȻļһˮСЩе̡
ˣɣаԸ¡
һҺ㱻Ϥ
һ׻Ķʮֽֿ¯ʼ󶹽
֮󣬺ƽһСֱֶʢСǽһ¡
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Щ̣а룬š
һɶζƮУʳ󿪡
Ѳ˰аʱȲˣ˴Ϳʼȡ
ۣúȣĶһڣа۾ˡ
аµһڶͬʱҲյ˻ʮֵʾ
һ֮а㹾˹һĶ˽ȥȻǰһݣĸ̫úˣٸʢһɣ
ðаŵӣһضʳأЦеʢһ
а˴һ
ʹ죡ȵȫë׶ſˣθůģʮ̹
룬˵а磬鷳ȥҵǳһǸֵġ
ãȥȥͻأаһֶһС־ŷɿˡ
Ƹ붣㣬СĶȴаȻٶȿ죬Ĺȴƽȣһζûн
ǹ򰡣
̲סпţȻаڣʼҪһ±
±ˮǴӿռֱֶһģҪټӹֻҪֱӰõĶС
ǰƳԹĶ±ˮģҲʯˮġ
ֶڸвһ
±ˮڸͣӲһЩжζɫ΢΢ƫơʯඹϸ۹⻬ɫܰס
߸иŵ㣬ԶԻ±ˮȽϽ
ƴӿռһ±ˮǰһרũҵõطÿտ¼
ΪöӺóԣٵ±ʱ򣬺ƻ˼Ȫ
±ˮͶıſ壬ûãĶ˱仯
ȵаʱ򣬱㿴һ׻ĶʱѾЩģƺɿһ㣬¶ٻɫˮ
ⶹôͻˣаĿࡣ

270аͻ

ȥһ˶ȴӵĸȡҷʳȻֽһ͸˳һ˲ʱôһȫˣ
̫ϧˣ֪ղžٶȼ룡ааڡ
ûжԣаҪ𣿡ЦеĽܡ
аͷŹİɫ״ǻɣܳԣ
ȻҪһЩ±ƵͷʢһЩԳа磬ҰѴЩˮҨɣҨԺ󣬽Щ鵹Ǹľ
ľҲˮæģպƵҪɳΣ注ڣľ֮¶һһϸСķ϶ˮ
ľһɫ޲ľһķӣڽѹˮ
аͷӿʼӴҨɫˮ
һҨ̲סһ͵ʲô
ʵҨˮĻƲ׼鷳аģɶԷԶԺܸȤ׼һЩԸҳ
ҲֳԷ
Ϸϲǣϲ±
ƫֳԷ
±֭ľ˿ȵȣڶ棬ζʮζ
±֭ãζƮɢаӷɿ£ԭ붹θٴο
۾һգգĶźƵĶԾʿˮ
а磬鷳㡭ƽ±֭ʢС˵鷳аѶԺ±֭ȥͿа̿ˮӡ
аҲʶԼʧ̬ˣ΢죬һĸкηԸ
ûʲôа糢ζ΢΢һЦʢһ붹ԣ±֭˹ȥ
а۾ֱŶԣϻţȻĸԸаԵ
˵꣬Ȳĳ
ճĶԣڣֻϵ±֭ڸޱȵĺá
һڣаζٱȫˡ
ûгԹôֻʳֱ̫ãԣˣ
⡢ȼҪۣǻƶģа̲꣬סʵ
ֱţӲӲĻƶȻôˮ۵ʳôͷһγԵ̫ˡ
ЦĴ԰ղŲְڻҪһ£Щѹɶ
˵ţ㽫ѹĲһһа
аѹĹߺܿͽĽѹˡ
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𣿡аվһѯʵ
ںˡССĻƶĸȻô໨
ǰĸǸã䲻ӣӡȫĹۡ
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Ҫ֪а뷨϶ҪŻˡ
֮ǰаӰĸʮֲֺһ²ĸ䲻ӣأ
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ִһ¶Щ̣ţѾˣȷŰɣһЩӣһ̶ӡа磬鷳ٰһ˶Ժ±֭
ʲôӣӣЩаȫûⲢĸյڴ
ڣѾĸһ˫֣ԻΪ档
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ңһָоĸʳԼڵƺתĸ˳ˣѾδͻƵɶļ
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ʱˣŷ˲ȪˮʱգȪˮѾ˳֡
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ӺͶԺаҲѾ궹ԻˣȻаȳζ
аҲ˽ƵԸ֪ĸǸԼףӾͳԡ
ΨһаƵһǣʵÿγԷĸѯҲһЩпϵĿʵȴȫЩʳһëĸƨƵģÿһʳ֮޲ڡ
һΣаԼһҪϸƷƷζ˵һЩôƨ
뷨а鶹ӣС̶ӡ
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ϰ֮ͻƿɲС£һ徻ְȫĵط˻ܷͻơ
Ļͻ˸ţѪˣ߻ħ
صĴ£аĶҺæṦԼİ㱼ȥ
аźаʮڣһȥ𼱻ǵ˵ʮȥұĸϾţһ죡죡Ҫ̲סˣ
̲סˣ
аźаʮһ㶡
ƽﰮЦаŸҪ٩䣬ͷаӿڣȻҪͻƵס
Сӳʲôҩ𣿾ȻҪͻˣа̲סֽһ
а˵ϻشһ̵ĳľҳȥ
аźаʮһۣ˶Էеľ֮ɫ
аκܾˣһֱûͻƣû뵽쾹Ȼ
ʮĸҿţģаϵЦ֮ɫ֣صĶ
аʮȥ

271»ǳԱ˳ŵģ

һʱаѾɹͻˣаŶС
ͻ֮а죬ƾۺ񣬱Ƶаˡ
ˣˣ۸ˣаյĺӰ͵غˣ˫ֲٴ
аУ۶ûõģ˵
ߣаô𣿡аǺйͦͦظһתٺЦҷܼ򵥣ôͻƵġʵǲʲô˲õĻԵĪиְͨζ
һ仰аǿЦġ
˵Уϰ֮ǴͨζΪȻͻͽҲ°빦
һжǴ˵ұһҲûдͨζ
аҡҡͷʵ˵Ҳ֪ô¡ҼǰԼоԼҪͻˣͻȻһӾ̲סˡ
̲סˣаű졣
ͻƣֲϲ̲ס˵
磬㶺ذɣ
仰аȻû˵뷨дϣһ˵Ҳ̲סһΡ
䣬ʵ̲סʲô
ȻǸһ̲סͻˡаű˵ѭȥվſڣæɫһӡ
Ҹæ֪꣬аͻƵ£Բһаȥͻˣϲϲ
ӵĸаæ
ҡͷʧЦаʲôʱҲѧаˣ
ͻһڷܣ˭ĸ书ߵġ
ӣĸаɫһͻƸĸйء
ƣҲ죬ҡͷôܣѹͲ书
֮ǰѾͷԼʩչṦϣȵĸʲôƵģһ˿ûУôܰаͻأ
ҲţаȴʮָȤ
Ҫ֪ǰааŵ书£ֻаóݣаӴһЩҵ˸
ڣаͻˣ书ֱѹаţⲻаΣС
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Ҳ˵׼аһ£뵽Լȵ붹һ붹ԣӣӣ̽˵ǳԱ˳ŵģ
аţ
ң
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һİصаĪд£
ӣҷûƭ㣡аԣȫɢа֪аŸΪĻԼһæֶ췢ģޱ档
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ʵҺаŶû뵽аķӦô󣬾Ȼ췢ġ
ǣаȻ˵Լû˵ѣѵղ˵ԼǳԱ˳ŵġģ
е㳶ˣ
򴽣ÿ˵ͻƻһа㲻˵Բ˵
ӣǳԶˡаĿˣͻȻһӣҲԹĸķˣûʲôо
ţüо
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һ㶣˼
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⻰˵Լźòãһ˶ѣֲʲô鵤ҩ
аȻͻˣмҪ½ȥ졣ߣûаţка˵
аǰ
ô£ǵ˵߰аһҪ뿪ĺ
а⴫ǸˣСţñܣ粻Ҳӣ
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ԺһθаȷһͻƵ⣬ϸѯ˳궹֮ĸо
амֲ²⡣
ѾͷķĲ򵥣Լɾͼ񵽱ˣ
˽֮ұ㿪ʼ£а֮ǰԭһЩΪѣȥ˻ΣաͻˣҾͷˣ
ӾܷԸаȭ֣ء
ҳ룬˵˵͵˺ݵӣͼƻʦֲݡаϣǰȥѦҽҪ֤Ѧҽİȫ
ͣһ£ҵأƺһĨʹı׳Уڱȫ£ܱסֲĺݡʵڲС
аһҧңӣһᱣѦҽͺݣ
Ϊô᲻֪ݶжôҪ
Ѧҽ˵⺮ǽھ綾ĹؼҩģȱʧҩĴ棬Ҳ޷ⶾ
ĥӵѱ綾ʴٲⶾֻ»ꡣ
ЩѦҽһֱѼⶾҩģ񻹲ζֱǺݺ׹
˵׹Ҫʮ꿪ʮΨһصǴұĻĮ֮ءǰɳ˷׻ټһֱغǣֻ׻׹
ݣһص㱻ǹʵƻֻ˺ݵӡ
ôĿ׷Ѱ͵ȴôԹһ
аۿȣаģһҪסݣ
Ϊ¹ӵ

272Ķĺܺó

Ŷ㶹ӣСа趹㹽ĩȻⶹ㶹
һö˰˲һͣ֡
˲һټ֮ǰõĶӣõĶӣһɶˡ
ۣôˣվǰֻ۾ϵĲˣֱˮ㣬ʲôôô˰
ʲôաǶһֳʳжŸãⶹһЩ˸ǳζЦĴͬʱҲ˵ʹ
ĴϵĲˣƣ˵Щȫöģ
ÿ˶ɫζͬȻͬһġ
ǰЦкԷ
ϺͱСԲĺΨкϳüվԭء
Сϣôֵʵ
СèкóԵĲܵô컹ˣ
Ǻ˰죬תܣȳԣȥԺȦٻԣ
Ȧʮֲ죬Ťͷˣզˣ
ϹЦƣ˭ղźôඹڶӻأȦֻԲȥ
СèȻһӶڼһˣ϶ˣ
һ뵽ϸղǺյӣ̲סЦ
ûҲûж꣬ҪСӻ֮һ𿪷
ұţ졣
ԶܸȤÿ̲˶ϸĿ˰죬ѯʵƣЩѵҲǻƶģ
֮ǰѾаĶͶԣ棬û뵽ƶȻĳʳ˭֪ƲֹȻûƶһӲˣ
ЩöĲˣĶװ۵ģеĲƤƣеɫƫͬһ㣬еķž;ȴĪʳ󿪡
Ʋ˵˭뵽ЩĶȻûƶأֱȫϵһ鰡
šȰѻƶɶȻöˡƼ򵥵Ľһ¡
˰죬Ҳ벻ƶôɶ̾ƣԴϡҲ֪ôģôôôأ
ңѵһܰԴˣЦŴȤ
˵ЦţĻˡ
ͬһĻҡ
һ˰һԣк
ҽ˺ܶˣȥϴ֣Ҹꡣ
պҶӶˣζͽˡЦŴȤһ䣬ûȥϴ֡
룬ŶӣкһͬԷ
ΪһӣеĳѾЩˣԭЩ̵㶹ŶͶʱȴոպá
ȺůůθƸʢһ룬Цŵ˹ȥ
аԼĶӺͶӳˣپЩ˼ǱȺҿģ˽¸һ¡
˵ԼʳȪˮӦó״ҲųаԵ̫̫ӣһʱ֮䳦θܲˡ
ϣݶϣĵطɹⲻ˵һٱһٵģ϶θ
ƴĵͬаǳЦøˡ
ѵôҶеܳȵýӹ͵ߣǷжûмֱӺȥ
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ղţѾͷݹһ붾ҩֻԼҲȥˡ
˵СҲǽʳŽ׳ģȴûкȹôζ
ţ۵ģǶ
Ȼа˵ˣԵﻹǾú档
ⶹζұϸۡҲɵƣĶĺܺóԣ
Աĺֱˡ
ǵתһͷֻһȫ絽ϣһ˾Ͳóˡ
ҲΪŤһͷԡ
ƣôһ⺢ӣ̫ûˣϾţæȥò
Ҳ¿ӣЩεƽͣǲǺˣ˵㶼ôˣôԸëëڲڵģǸӺõģһʶ
һ䣬±һͷһŮ
Ҳɵˣͷˮˮȫ±ͷӣ̲סЦߵǺˣȵľ춯ء
ҺεĿĨ˰Ĩһֵ
˲Ҳ˰ȥ˸䡣
ϾͷҲ·Ҳǵģʰһ²С
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ƣô£úõôͻȻͰˣȥԺ̲סֵ
εͷҡҺʱպúֲ絽ϣԱˡ
ʵƸͿǸԾԻӣֻǣʵû취ΪԼᷴӦô
λ֮ĻԵĴ
ʿɲһʳģһ塣
ʲôԼĶĺܺóԣ⻰ռԼ˰
͵ǰѺϺŪȥˡ
û취˭ȷʵڼԷԺ϶Ϊ䲻ˡ
ͷֻһǽ֮ǵĶԻҵĶȻ
ϴͷҲεҡͷʧЦ
ԼĪһ󷴶ԼĲˡ
Ѿͷˣ
úóѾͷĲˣûа˵Чڿɺã˻һûأֱˣ

273Ϊרһ

һ飬ѾЩˡ
Ϻͺְѷ˶ȥȫһ飬һʼԷ
ܺһֱûعԺӰζһ˳Ŷ绹޲ڡ
ص䣬׼ȥռ俴˳㿼һֻܵʲô
˭֪¥Ҹ¥䣬Ҹ䡣
ңţ
ʲô£ֻȰԼ·һߡ
һ˫·˼ʲôĴһ㡣
飬úҲŽôˣʲôΪʲôôң
ҵͷҡҡͷࡣ
ʲô˼㵹˵żĴߴٵȻһͷԺѿڶݱ¶˰ɣ
ݱ¶û뵽뵽һʱ֮Цãζķʵݱ¶ˣô죿Ǹģһϣ
汩¶ˣۡ
ҳһ£û˵
ӣںеͬĬˡ
ôᱩ¶أò³ͽ˰ɣֻϴǸԵģƼתһţߵǰǲϾͻץˣøϽߣЩӺƱ㶼ţ·ϻʲôҪҰģͽа˭һҾã
һ˵һߴӻͳһƱܵͷСóһӣһȫһ
һ£Ƶ˲ø
ʵ˵ıжˡ
Լݱ¶Ժ󣬺ƿܻԼϾϵҲװŲʶԼȻʱȥˡ
Ҳƻ᲻ȥŭ۵Լ
ǣȴûϵѾͷȻ˵ԼԼݵô¶ģƴԼƱӣ
ʱദûֺѾͷĲԱԣÿ춼뷽跨׬Ǯ
ΪԷǸԵˣ˭֪ؼʱ̾ȻܰӵǮȫԼ
ǲζšԼѾͷĿбҪ
һ£ľȻЩϲ
㻹ɵվŸʰƼҷ㼱һ¡
һƱӣƣѾͷԭôǮǮңô죿
ѽ˵ЩʱûǮ˴취׬£̲סֶۣ㵽˰ȫĵط˸ұƽ
Ŀ㲻һ𣿡
Ҳߡҡҡͷˣҵô죿ҴСԲô죿Сô죿
üҲ޼¡ԷҪϾɱֻȫҶ
ֿܣԼŸҪ˰һ˶յռȥԼĿռװˣаš
Щôܸҡ
ǣ˻֣İɣа취֤Լİȫ
㰡ҡͷЦ޸֮ʲô֤ȫΪô˵Ҿͻ뿪ǸɵѾͷ
Ȼʲôʲô⸱ĿιԼû˼
Ȼҵûб¶Ѿ֪ˡ˵̧ƵͷԺҪ˵ɵˡһҵı¶ˣҲᶪԼ뿪ġ
ʲôвᶪԼ뿪ʲôҵ֪ˣô˵ĺһƵģݡȵȣȻۣû¶
ǰҪôױ¶һܰȵĻô𣿷İɣҵ¶ҳϣҲܽҰ΢΢ļ򣬷·ġ
Ƶң촽΢΢ȴһ仰Ҳ˵
ôˣ΢΢ͷôЩǺˣ
ҺѸȣͻȻ쭳һ໰Ǻ²ŷĺòã
һŭԴȫȻ书һָͷܴʵ
Ĵһ£Ȼת̣ͷڷŵͷͷĳҴȥ¿Цû¶㲻˵ɵһżĺ˼ǲǣǲǾҾЦˣ˺ܺǲǣƭгɾ͸𣿡
ҵֿɶ㿪ɵǷ۾ʱȴվԭûжͷϡ
һʣٲҲԼСѾͷˡ
ɺƷйһͨ۵ͣʱһ첲ᱧסԲ㵣ˡ
˭ˣ飡ŭδ첲ʹһҪ뿪ҵĻȴԷսĸ첲ȫס
ããûең顣ҵͷϷʮᣬں庢ӣҲãûмʱҳϣȷʵ˽ģҪ̽һķӦȴû뵽㵣ġԲԺ󲻻ˣ
˵ʱҵ°һһµƵͷϣǵͳƵŭһ¾ɢˣȡ֮ί
ۿǿҧ촽˵ҪʱĽͷŤһߡ
ҵˣòãұ֤ûһΣ֣ԴǿС
ƺһʲôʸֲʲôˣ
ýȢӰûʸ±û˭ʸˣǳЦŶǲǶ֮ҹû£ԲŻʣ
Ʋûʲôж֮ҹû°ȥһ˼ֱ֮е˺
տգˣԶʲô⡭
Ʋտգ⡣
˵ȥ߷ߵÿҪȼˣ
˵뻰㵽׸ҸʲôǿаƫĻ˻
ҵıһ䣬ʱίƣʵֻרΪһˡ

274ٺӸ

ˣƺһˮ
˸ôԼԲô࣡
˿ˬСһӣ⻹򵥣ʲôˣֻҪһľû⣡
ֻҪľͺáҲûʲôҪ
עúЩȻ죺ȻҪרΪһˣҪ˰ɣһ㲻ô죿
ᣡҶԣҿ϶Ļش
̫ˣһôתˣǲǳԴҩˣʮֲϰߣûڣʲôʱԣ
ʲôʱУһ˵ı顣
ҮľҲ̫òǷ֢ǰװɣ
ţѡСҪսԳˡ
Ǻãھȥ˵꣬嵽ſڣȾˡ
Ҹ뿪ڽסȴѾûӰˡ
ѾͷôôŸճ극ԼԵȥ
űӿЦ濼ҪҪѧȥԺȦʳȻһ˲ˣԼǳԲȥĻƻ᲻᲻ˣ
˼룬崰ʮҹУ
ݶаʮ
ӣĸΡͣǾȥٯٯΪʲô˷֮໹ҷй
˭֪ӹ͸ҪƵģÿζ򵽶ֱ۵ƣΪֹ
ΪĸǸĻƣ˭֪Ȼе
аʮǿܣᡣ
ҹʳʱ򣬺ڳʲô˱ȽϺá
ʵ侲֮ʶˣճԹԼˣһܳԵȥ𣿱ϾղĶ磬ҿĳԲأ
ǲˣطĻҡҡͷǲҪҶˣоֵֹġ
ڳⲽʵ벻ҪʲôˣʿտգտգʲôƷƼ
տգˣкۣܶҪʲôƷ
뵽ҵķ֢˵Եİɣ
տգˣȷϵǰ
ƣ
ðɣˣ
ԭŸҺȵԵѣԷ֢ûеãϵĻˡһ꾫òˣٷɾˣ
ƣտգƼ
տգõģԵȣ
ͣһ룬տյٶںԺˣΪƼİкź˲μҩзζѩ
տһһƷ֣æͣͣͣͣտհôҸĿǰİʳıλеĲУȻƾóź򻨡зζ˼Ҳҵ
տգǸˣǿտˣɸѡԵȣ
ͣһ󣬿տջ㱨ˣɸѡİйԲԲ⻨ͷӺԲٺ⣬
룬Թٳʲôͷδ̫壬Ǽ򵥵ٺȽϺá򵥵ƷԵҹ
˵λĺ֣ӡٺϺ͹ԲණȻûҩҵġ
λ˶ʳĵ֪ѷ֮󣬺ƿ¥Ŀ͸ǿˡ
¥ǰڹѾ׼ֻһЩȻѡƵˡ
ٺ򵥣һܹؼǰԭ϶Ҫǰˮݷ
͵ݷҪĸСʱ
еͼ죬ˮݷʵˮݷԺ󲻵ӪʧҿڸҲҪһЩ
ʱҲҪˮ¹ˮ¶һߣܸʡ
Ϊһ׷ʳˣôִܷ
ЩҪݷʳģڿռȪˮݺˣȡʮֱݡ
ݷȥɫӲĲ֣˺һСһСģٽȥģٺȥɫĲ֣ʳһУˮϸӿʼӲô
տ̲סʵˣ˵ֻλеʳ𣿿λûбǰ
ƹһЦͻˣֻҪҲ˵˭ܳԳǱǣ
տգףӦöž
ƣλ˵ҪҪҰž˰
տգ˲Ҫӡ
һߺͿտĥ죬һ߹ʱ䡣
ÿһޱȻúĿƴлС
ٺӸĻҪȴһСʱתлСʱǣ֮תССʱֻаõĳ
λôãҲ¯ջ𣬻ƿغû
㻨һʱٺӸڰóˡ
ƽõƷ˳ȥƷʱȴֶԷӰˡ
һԼȥˣȴܵĲӰĻðܵԺ亰ааڲڣ
䣬һİ𣺡ĸаʮаĸ
аʮһ㶣æתѭȥ
Ҫһһ
ֻһİ࣬´ѪƤ׵һƵԼ
ƶʱŵúզˣˣ
ɲǱ𣿶һרºأаʮޱԹȴ˵ࣺԼûע⣬ײˡ
ȻܰԼײ棺ѽ·ôעһ㰡Ҳײ̫ˣ
ĸкηԸаʮǳ鴤ʵڲˣѯʡ
£ŶȥĶˣôҹˣȴˣʲô뿪ˣ
£Լһ٣ˬȥԡ·׼ò㲻㼱£
һ̣аʮеӰ޴

275¹Ȼڲͬ

ûһҹȻˬĳˣϴͷһһ·
ʲôƯϰڷŵС룬Ҳʵ
´һۣشһƷӰٺϸԣϵҹò
ȻΪƷֵŮǾԶ֮ġ
ӣٺϣⲻҩ𣿡㶣ȥȻҩİƳģɿЦõ˵ƣҩİƳľͲ˰ɣ
ֻרΪԼһˣƷͬʱ֤һа˵ЩǷĶתа
ǣԼһҩô°
ڹⱨԼ
뵽һҩҲɫһ£аҿȻԼģӲͷƤҲҪȥ
Ϊʲôˣһ£ʶԷԼҩģ͵ҩƳĽҩšҩţҸʦȡ˲پأ
֮󣬶ں˵ıǿʱȥ̸ϴ
ԴӰʦԺ˵һֱû˾ĸϴѧҽȥҲҩҩĴ⣬⻹Ϊ˼ҵľ¥׼ġ
뵽ɰ¾æʱ䣬¥ҵԺÿڳʱȥʦѧҽ
ҩŲҲҩ𣿡̾˿һ׳ı룬·ǰǶҩһ㡣
һĪȵȣȱȣ
ԼʳʳӦһܡ
ܣڳ⸱Ҫ
죬ߵҪף
ԭ⣡ԲãԲЭ
һ书ҲԡҪúðѵ
ƷЩȣٺζãһʵ֪ʲôҩ𣿡
Ȼüװ׵дΪɵ
΢΢üԹҩţ
ȻԹһı顣
뵱Ϊ˸ʴ壬뾡취ΪԼҩбҩţԻҩŲҩǲˣȻƭá

ԭļȫȾҩĵζһ㲻˵Ż
űӳȥ֮θ﷭Ĳ񻰣һӱȫ³ˡ
Ȼ⻹꣬³ﻹһֱֵֹֹζ춼Բȥʲôʲô
֮ͶҩžԶ֮
Ȼߺˡ
֪Լ³ҩ϶ЦԼģ
ԣ¹жϣҪܣ
뵽ͦţҩȻҩһ֣ȴҩҪѳԣúõĶȫζֱǡ˷ʳ
ܰɻ󡣼ȻԹҩţôһʹӣĪԵҩŲڣԼҲѯʹʦ֪˻ҩŵģ˺٣ʦͨ˵
룬˵ʦ˵˳Բҩҩŵλ˼ԵʳԺ󣬲ʹȫɼҩŵĹĿõģζҲ֪ҩű֤ζ
˳Բҩ仰Ī顣
ǣҹǿҵĻɳҩҲԲԸҩֹζĶ
ĲԣƿֿŻϵ룬ȻˣǾˣҽС԰ɣ
˵ţƱҪߡ
ΪˣæȥƣҲԣֻҪΪģҲҪȥģ
𰡣ϣҳʳĵĸˡǿԼԾû˼ˡûϵ´Ĳ˸㣬Ʒͱˡ̯֣εĽ͵
ɻ󣺡Ĳ
Ҫ棡Ƶͷ¶һЦ
ǹûҶʱһջصס֣ͷ˿ٺӸЩᡣ
Ȼҩţĺܺÿ
ңƵһԼģǸϳˡ
Īе㲻
СϣСϣ¥һˣߵ¥ݿ
¥ϴ˺ϻ㣬ȥ
ţһܲ
æСϣ㣬ˤš
֪ϻδ䣬Ѿ¥תˣ㣬ʲô°
һƷҩģԸԡ˵ţָ˷ϵС롣
һгԵģʱ۷Ź⣬̨׶Ȳ£ֱӴСܹȥˣ򲻳ҳԣ
ڼСƷԺ󣬺϶ʱǰˣ㣬ʲôƯ
ؽһҩġвƢθĹЧ峦εã֮ǸöЦеĴһۣϧôõĶƫƫ˲ʶ˵ҩĿ϶óԣ˵ǲȳ
ǣĳʳôܲóԣϴһСԵܵģ
һȳεӡ
ˣ̹ˣƷٺӸСϽζΣǺóԵĻȾ¥ҵͰƷҲӵ˵
ãӦСҨһУۣģģ̫óˣ
һڣú϶ʱƷȲҨһס
Ա߿УϵıȷʵдϲҸ˿ûв١
Сϣ⡭ûҩζ͹ζ𣿡̲סʵ
СùĹĵģߵͷߺ˵ȻûˡҴûгԹôóԵƷ
һ˵һȲŵٴγСȥ
˭֪ǰһԭϵСѾˡ
ϲסˣŤͷһֽСﵹ㲻ҩĲԸ𣿡
ôܣֻҪģȻǾƷֻǲԸԶʳˣҳˣԴǵ˵ţСʣٺӸϤС
ţȻζİٺϺӣ΢΢Щ˿˿˳ԵĻͨ͸ˬޱȣ
ĳʳȻڲͬ

276Ĳȣĸ

˺ϳʳĲһȫԹ⣬Ȼ룬ŵóһ´ǣȻζˣ
㣬ҳԵģ϶޳ˣһίĸƸ״
ƶˡȫû뵽ҾȻ£ֱ̫˺òã
û£Ժٸ֮£ֻȰСϣͬʱ׸һʵ
ǿΣɫ˵һ£ˣ
˵꣬˺ƺͺǴת첽뿪
ǡ£ȷʵе㶪ݶҾϻģҸ·
ߵĺܿ죬գۼͲӰ𼱻ǵĺлƨһ㡣
գգۣ޹ʵ㣬ôˣ
£ù¥סļ򰲸ȴڲ²뿪ԭĪǡǷ֢Ҫˣ
һߣȲ˸徻ĵطʼ
ʱתûʲôͬȫһСԺ󣬾ͶȻޱ˳
ˣһ֣תٶԽԽ죬Լľڱײͬʱ·Ҳǿˡ
ϰ˶֪Լǿζʲô
ͬӵӵԽܳظˮˡ
˵оĵرϴ裬ʣ˵ľøӿǿͣʱͻͽ
ϾֻǴ˵˭ûм
Ѧҽʾ˵ܿ˶׫ģʵڡ
ڣǳƸԼһҩţȻͼӰ˸ƣ
ɺϣ棿
˹˼
ȥӦٶԼκķ¾ֱӵóδЩʡ
ˣһ̲ס˷ܡ
ΪĲȵĹЧԼļ񵽱ˣ
ӵһԾҾȫȣһȲҪԴĳ嶯
ṦԺ䣬ƮƮڷϣʮҹУ
аʮſڷϢպĸһ˶˯ˣҲԳûһ
ӸǶ˵Ӱжƨʵʵİţһ¾Щֻۣſš
ϵˡ
һ뵽аʮޱȰԹ
Լǰͷ¶棬ҲܰԼͷͷаǸļһ֪ҪγЦԼأ
ü԰ͺȻӽԼе
ܣôʱںң
ҹģܽԼŹˣ
һǻ
ϱ̫ݣӰˣ
аʮԱ۾ԼúϢһ¾ͺˡ
ԱһڵŹأ˭֪Լ˵Ժ²ûӦ۾Ҳˣ
Ǽ˼
ҶǵٴνеʮҹУ
䣬㿴аʮ嶯˶лţˣ̫ˣǲӰҶˣ
ˣûͻͻģ̲סһ˹ȥʮ˵ʲôأ
СֹаʮߵһµһȻԼӣ־ֻţӣɶʱģ
Ұ˵ʱ򣡡ֺֺЦĴ
аʮʱסˣԼ˵˻
ˣûй˼ҹСҴʱӿ״̬ãȲҪ֣ôƽЩСأ
˵аʮԸаźаЦˣһµ˾Ͳˡ
Ը֮Ҳûٶ˵ֱתһֻӥڿԾ˽ý衣
аʮҲԭīˣæϡֻǣĿ޵Ķˡ
ϹӸհԼ׵ģŸչһʱ
һ˹вԼһᰡ
ٴȥԼñͷ
ɥаʮޱȻаϣ
Ϊ˲ˣҺаʮѡںɽС
ҹڷߣصƫƧּžʮա
аʮϰȭƨ߽ţӻһ֮ڵϵ̲סѡطǲҪɱʬ
ĲǴԼ
ƫƫӴʱ°кʮ
УӣĲˣˣҶˣаʮڵϣ˵
ɻͷԲ̫ţŴ˶ã˵ô˵ԼУʮǲǹ˲˰
֪Ǿ˲˵ڼԼаʮ̲ס粵ӣʵ̫ˣҾҶҪˣٴȥû취ĸˣ
ܰģȻǹУȻܾȫʹаʮҲӦаʮĳܷΧڡ
аʮˣ̲ס²ۣӣõԱǰҰȭʱеŲסˣ
ȭԺӸûԼẰͣӲôãֱڵ
˵ȫᰡ
ǰ󣿡סˡ
վԭ˼һȻվһôǰֶɴһȭ
ȭٲ죬һִŵӸС
ȭͷɽӴһ죬ƺ΢΢һ±޶
Ұͷһ۴ɿתаʮЦ㿴ҵĹǸǰһôᡭ
ô󣿺Ļû˵꣬㷢аʮԼĴ¶֮ɫԼϸ΢
룬ӰһΣ˲ݳԶ
ٻͷʱ򣬷ָղԼǿŴȻɴѣһ˵ϡ
аʮ˴죬ΣŶһصľͷ૵ӣ⹦Ҳ̫˰ɣһȭȥһµĲ𶼸ˣ

277͵ʣ˵

ǰҵĹҲһȭɴϡ
뽫һһεģҲѣͺˡ
ΪⲻҪ񣬻ҪޱȾƿؾ΢
츳ڷܣԴﵽ
ϰҲԶƿؾ΢
Ѿһϡ
֮˺ܶ࣬иŸɣ廨ŵķ;УȴûκһɵĹȱޱȾ
ģ
ɴҪԴһһ֮䡣
ɻҲһһ֮䡣
ǵѩۣ֮ѰҿΪɾĵطɣȻղʣʹȻȴ
ҵͻȻȻǰˣⲻаʮһ
رܣ˭Ҫ˵ҵϣ˷
аʮɫȻ˲ڵװʹ𣬱ȭǣаʮһڶ
լӵѰ޲ó嵽Ϣķһˡ
ôĻƺƾˡ
˼ȥûʣʣˡ
һҹķУȷһ¡ǾķЧ
̫ˣ
ֱ˼飡
ǿϲͻȻʶʲô
ķ˱ϰ֮˳Եˣܣô϶һƬ
ʱ򣬻Ľ˽㿶ߣ˵ܡ
浽һ죬Լܱס
һʱ֮䣬гΣСԼҪǿܱúƣ
٣ԼŵʱҪ֤Ѿͷǣ
뵽ٶȼӽ
磬˯𴲣ϴ֮׼¥͡
˭֪սͼһ˽
ڳأƲɺֵʵ
Ҫ죬ȥﰡڳʲô
϶һۣɫʮֹŹ֡
ƣǼˡ˵
һ㶣ҡͷܣ
ҵİô֪
ҲԵ޹ʵô˵
ǣʵۼҶʲô𣿡
ҲûжʲôֵǮġ˵ţͰϵĸǲָָʣЩȫˡ
ʣˣĸ͵ֶؤ͵Ի࣡
ƿŰϵĿӺͿ㶣ͻȻ뵽һܡ
ܲǸ׵İ͵ԵģϾ챣ԼҲûʱȥԷ԰ҹ˾ʣʣˡ
Խ룬Խпܡ
Լˣ
ǰаڵʱԼᾭаæζ
Ǹаʮ̫ϤԼҲûж׼
˭ϵôʵݣȻΪ˱Լȥԡ
²õ֪ǿ϶ỳҵݡ룬Էĺ˵ҲûжʲôֵǮģʣʣˣǺӳأӦ͵ЩֵǮĶô͵ʣʣأ
һ룬ȷʵ㲻پˡ
緹ʱһ޹Ҿӵ¥һ緹
հźưõķ˶ֵʵ㣬ʣĶأ
ûˡһ߰ڷ꣬һߴ
Ͼȵĵɴۣô᣿ʣ˺ܶడ
ۼЩʣʣ˶͵ˡ˵ҲؤԲŻר͵Եġϴ
϶ʱͷɥ֪ͶһˡҺϲԶǸؤ̫ˣ
ǵĶԻؤҴˡ
ǣѾؤˣôڽ˵ЩʣʣԼҹ˳ԵģңôʣˣԼһȫҲ̫
֮£ֻܻΪʳں붹ֳӣɰ
ҽôô࣬ǲûԱˣ̲סеʵ
ﵹʮ⣺˾ǷʱҲܳԣÿγԷԲһԵ۶Ź⣬ȥƤˡ
ﲻԱϰ˺һۣȻңңûϵ㳨ӳԣܳԶٳԶ٣ǧ
ò˼լӰɣһкҺ𣿺ƱЦң㿴ҵãæ˴õķǶû˵ҶԵأ
ҼҪˣֻЦԱˣĳԱˣ
˵Ҳһ㣬øӾθϾŰٳԣҪˣ
Ҫ¥ȥͱƽסˡ
ң¸˵һصӣһߡ
ҵ˵ͷ̬θʵ̫ˣЩѡ
ǸƳһ£˵ʣʣһаʮԵġ
аʮüŹ֣Ϊʲô
Ʊ͵ǰÿ˶аæԳԣаʮҸ̫죬ҲûԤķݡңŽֱҵĹۼҵʣʣͶˣҲǲ϶ܲˣ͵͵ﵽԵġ
оݣ
֪ԼҹʲôҪаʮ͵Եˣ
˶Դǵ˵ʮȻ£Ȼͷһѵģ
ͷݶ˵аʮ
ӣİԼˣΪҪϣ
һ͵ʣʣˣܲܲҪҹ˰ôȥҪˣ
ϧΪаʮ޷¶ֻͣĬĬۺὫˡ

278˽˿ҵ

һʱĳﱸҺͺƺϻ￪ľ¥Ҫ׼ҵˡ
ڿҵǰ죬ڤ˼İղ˵
Ĳ˵һ㷹Ĳ̫һ
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ÿһʳ·ӦעһЩʳɵġ
磬Զô·ʮֶѡһֳ
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⣬˵˽˹ݵͷϷ
Ǳҩţ
֪λľ˶ҩûкøУΪҩζ֣װ˷ʳûкҩĹЧ
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ۼſڿֵ˻ǸֵԲ˵ʲôӭҽȥò֮Ļأ˭֪ԲӻһܣЦǺǵĶΧ˹˹֣˽˵ƹհס˽ʽҵǰʮڱòͽԴۡͬʱλ˽˹ڵԤҪԤպĲλ磡
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ĶȻһε˼֢ϴ˻˵ӡ˵ƢԸҩҲԸԷͷˡ
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ͣϳˣһȫǴ
Щ룬˽ˣֶ˲
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գ˽ĵһϯҩ磡
Ϊҩ磬ǰ¾Ϳʼ׼ˣкüҩŵҩķ͸ϴ̹
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ⲻ֮󣬺֪Էʶ֣µĹҩ.
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ҩżҩɷ֣õĿ״ȷѣＦǸŮ˺ȵİɣǶ
ҩżȷʵŮкô˲ܺȡβѪĹЧ˶кôҲģ΢Ц
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޷ǻԿýܣҩżʳýɵģ˵ţȡһֽչʾĴ򿴡
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⻰һƬ̾Եøͻأһʱ֮䣬еĿⶼۼ˿״ϡ
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Ŀԭ͸еĿ״ձ˵ôˣ˵ûҩùЧʲôҩţⲻҩΪͷƿˣ׬ȡǮ𣿡
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281¿״ɣŸ

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Цݿ䣬˵Ļȴޱȡ
ƣ˭δ˵״λСﻰв׽Է֣ɻѡ
λСƺʮͬԼĻԲŹԮԼ
״ԼӦʾ
ǣڸ͵С˵Ķԣʵҩ׬Ǯȷʵǲ֮ƣ
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ת̫죬״㶵
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ƴȻҶ֢Ĳ֤ҩŹЧ
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ǣ·ڽѵԼĺһ㣬顣
޴Щˣ֪Բ
ʱ򣬸ϴ򿪿ˣĪϷ˵һɣ
״ڸϴʮ𾴵ģϴ̬֮
ϴ˵λСȷʵͽģǰ
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һ㶡
ģ㽫дĲ־øҿϴԸһ˵ǰΪСѪ˫¾С֢״ҶѾ¼ڲ־ˣҿԿ
ٻҳ־ݸԼĴ޴
޴󣬵˵ͷִݸһ
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ɫϴ򵭵ʵôһͽһƭң
ңֻǡ״һ¡
δ˵ĻȴѾ³ˡ⻹ǲŸϴ򰡣
ˣ־ҪѸϴˣ޴򼱵ĺҪðˡ
ʵǰֻʦСȥ˴áʺöҽﶼӦжӦĲ־ףһ֪˵
Ҳȥʺˣ״㶡
ƽ˵ȻһðСȥҵʱĴѯһСòʵڲУҲԡ
һʱ״еɶڿС
뵽ģ˻شˣû뵽ģ˼ҲԲˡ
ʲô⣿
״ֻý͡
һֽСˡ
Сʮ꣬ǻ껪ͷƫݣɫ󣬿ʮֽ
ʱôڳЩнͷСߵ˺߻һƣˡ
С㣬ЩǴһǻΡ㲻ýš
СĴ㣬ʮ޵ȥˡһ꣬ûлϣɰＱˡ
ǡɺ˵£㶯˼˽һȻԼҪҩŵ¸ԸԸСԼҩŵ塣
ҩѵģһǼвԸĵİӦˡ
ƼСʱ򣬲ûеһʱöԷҩţȥҽ˸ϴ
ȷ֢״֮ſʼΪԷҩš
¹ȥˣСɫ֮ǰˣݹƤ⻬͸һɾ
СǴŲŲĸ˼ңͷһαôΧſܶԷǴ򣬵ǼΪȻ
Ƽ彩Ӳ룬кְȻС棬첲ӷ϶Щ
״Ȼǵʲõĵһ
֣صĽָСϣĿ룬Ȼ¶֮ɫ
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״ҡҡͷٴαĿ
һΣʮջأĬ
״Ӻˣɷ׷ǰ
ףѪ˫֮״ʮֽ
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дһΪСʮֽ֮ǰϴʾĲ־ϼصȫֱͬˣ
еĴ̲סʵλˣֻҩţδҩ𣿡
ǣҷĴûкȹҩֻҩšСȻСЩųȴ͸ſ϶ͼ
ƾԼҵĹˣ
ǴŶɻ׬ǮְԼӣֱǴˣ
˵ҩŵĹЧʱĺ޲óЩԼǳҩųԺõġ
ǣ¥һôİ˵ʱ򣬸ղŵֶʱʧˣЩŲ
Ϊˣʮ𣬰ԼûϢȻ˵乫
ںˣڰ˵Ļ˵ˣﲻɳһ

283ôãʮһ

Сķ֤дĿⲻԼͬϵѡ
Ȼô棿
µʱ䣬ȻһѪ˫˻
㿪ӷҩҲδЧ
⡢̫˼ˣ޴
ֱ˵
ҩȷʵйЧģǶ֪
ϻ˵ҩʳ
˼岻ãԲҩúóԷӪ
ˣҩŵζʵ̫Ź֣ҩʣԺѱǽܡ
ڲͬˣ
Ȼ˿ȺóԣЧҩţ
ֱһã̫ˣ
һʱ֮䣬ѵ
˶˼ҪȡúƿЦá
λǰææȷҩżǷʵ˵ģ𣿡ѯԼȥҩζĴ˵
⻹ʲô˵ģҩǻʵģ
ܱŲţϷˣ
ζҩţһ󴴾ٰԺЩԸҩĲпڸ

˷׷׵٩Ψп״ɫӲվԭһԲ
״òǻʰɣĪ㻳ɸϳʾĲ־ٵģʵСȥÿҵϸһģһ־ڴ÷ţҪҪȡ㿴ҲһͬɣǾֻȥʺÿû׵Ĳ־ˣδ򿴵״ľ״ʵ
ôһң״Ǻˡ
ȥʺҲ־ˡ״ҧҧƣʺøС俴ľңֻʱɫݻƣήңˣһʱ֮䲢ûϳϸһȷʵͬһˡҳϣҩȷʵЧҴˣ
״ʮֹĵǸұʾģԸķ䣡ҿ־һ˵㻰ˣҼȻӦǾ;Ի˵ֻҪʺϷҩŵĲˣһƼҩŵģⲻΪ˶ԼҲΪ˲˵ãƾ٣ֶΪ֮
ò˵״Ȼ֮ǰһֱ̣ӣȴǺõġ
ңһȷҩŵĹЧ̹֮Ȼϴ˵ƾ٣ֶΪ֮ĻɼǸҽ֮ˡ
ƶҽһ򶼺ܾ壬Զſ״һ״лл㣡
ããҶ˵ˣǵΪ˶Լ㲻лҡ״Ǻܣ˵
ݸһЦΪˣֵõл
Ϊˣֵþ壡
ڳ᲻أ
Ҳʾʱ׷ױʾҩõĲ˱ƼԷ˷ҩš
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˷׷ͷ⣬ƲһζԴҾϹлȻƤ˵¥ĹؿǲģǵҪǣǰԤԼӴ
˱ùЦƣӦõģӦõģôõҩţôƷҪȲ˵
û飬ҩҲԼ½С
˸ƻҪȥ׼ҩţǰˡ
СԺк˵ڶҩšҩ
ʵֲܣλϴҽѧ֪ʶҲ׾ٵĴҩƶϳЧ
ȻǰղʵʵĽõҩĺ͹Ч˵һ飬ȻóһоҩŷýɵֽҹĿ̬ǫѷϿҵĴǸָ㡣
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ҵһֱҩ
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֮УƴЦӣըȿϯܳԵ
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ϴˣ̲סЦøôšأȻ˵ۼҩĸ䣬ô㿴ⷿҩԺΪʦҪ⿼㣬ܼס١

291º

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λûνרͷαʶû취ֻԼĥһԴȨ档
ףϴһʱΣȻԼõڶȥʹÿ֮ⷿҴҸϻ˼ҡ
ʱһʱҪյķ׼ʱòС
ܸϴס˽˲Զһһػúͷ󺹡
ʱˣﰵĥš
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죬һƽԺڴ֮ʮַ㡣
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ﲻɶæ׬ѪǮ˵ţۿͺˡ
æǰ§סϵĸ첲͵жŮԺҺʹ㡢С϶úТ˳ǵģ͵еĸأ
ԺСҲ׬ܶӸ㻨ˢڸС
һЦˣֵϵıӣ׬ʲôǮ׬Ǯ½ͶУ͸飬ȡԺͶ𣿡
ףСԺ״Ԫϻǵö˵״Ԫʣˡ
Ʊֱ֣Ӵ״Ԫͦ־򰡣
ãСϿ״ԪŸͷνֵ죡ҲΪЦοĿŶӡ
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ҸԻԷϢ֮󣬺˯СԲϰæţԼŵ뿪˷䡣
ơÿƵķţֹ
ƺܲôԼæݣ㣬ʲôСԲأ
СԲ˯ˡ˵ԺĬƺ֪οڡ
ƿ˺ΣˣȴһԲɴ㡣
ȻԼʱѾˣԺϵĸԶ޳ȥĴҪɱϾйѪϵϹͷŽڿż۸ʱǿƲסķŭˣԥͷ
ദôãԴΪҲһЩ˽⡣
ŵʵ͡ɡʵڡϳԿࡢӲռ˱ˡ
ȱ̫ľګԴǡ
Ϊѵӣв̣˵㣬ǽãʲôÿڵأǿһ˰
ƣ롢¡㿴ܲô¥æڿˣǵͨ죬ÿֶӲģҡҾǲڼҳ԰׷ûйǮҺСԲԹסС
㣬㿴ֺ̱ܿ𣿡ƿЦõָԼıʵ
Ϊʲô⣬һãȻҡҡͷȻˣƯǴЩﶼƯ
ȻôôɻǮ°Цס˺ĸ첲ȵĽͷļϣ㣬㲻ңҲǴҪҵģԸ⣬͸ѧ˰ɣֻСԲС벻㣬ԲŴʱٸ˵ġ
ˡû뵽þȻΪԼ㣬ϽԼˣһʱ֮䣬ɸжӯ֪˵ʲôá
ֱﳢζŻعһ߲һ˵㿴ûϢúõô͵ˣ
Խ˵Խӿֹֹסˡ
޵ˣ̾˿סļһһµĺ󱳰ο
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ްɣ޳Ҳã
ЩԹЩЩʶͨͨйȻɵıԺõ
֪˶ãŽƽ
ó˲ŷԼȻõ·ҲʪһƬʮΪ顣
㣬ȵĻţҲǸҽƻȻĵ٩
˵̲סΪЦɺܿЦݣɫ˵ƣ¥ҿģ֪Щ˶Ҽ洫Ĳף̸㲻̫ʣھ¥ɨɨˢˢ룬ЩֻУˣͲѧˣ
û뵽ؾܾܿ˴Լ˲ìܣЦ㣬ҼȻ˵ѧˣȻҲͬ˵ġ˵Ҳ֪Щײ⴫԰ֻܴԼˣʹˣСҪ飬ֻдܰѵĿһ۵øһ𣿡

292ҩ

ʲô۵øһ˵Цˣǳһ䡣
һЦһƤ˵˰СԲˣҪѧˣҷֵֵ
Ҫھ͸СԲ̶˰ɣԥ˵
ƺܲ죺ΪʲôˮǺ𣿡
㻳еʱûٸ㲻ӣСԲ֮˸̵ﶼ˵ر㣬ιСԲû⡣
ʱСԲԱˣǵۣҪѶ̼С
ôõĲΪɶͻȻҪСԲأ
СԲôˣˣС˶٣ЦĺĶιιôʱģһ¾ͿʼιˡҪǱ֪СԲôһι̣ǻЦ
ʲô߼Լι̻ᱻЦ˵СԲŰ̲꣬Ǻǰλ棬ѧᳫĸιҪأ
ʵ޷λ˶ʲô˼룬ԴҪС̵۸Ǽԣ㣬ܱЦЦʲôǸӶΪԼ̲㣬ӳԲˮ㣬ͿɾιιСԲٶ̣
ٶϣǵιãЦһ΢΢ҡͷ㲻ҸѧҪȵСԲ뻹һɣѵ׼Լһꣿ

ɵˣգգʹ۾ɰͰ͵˵ҪҸһ£ʱõԼȻȥտСԲȻѧˣ
ⲻֻҪˣȥ˵ͷʾͬվͼҴҵ¥ȥˡ
ڶ죬˸磬緹Ҵҳװõķ˳š
ʦԼȥʹãҪһȥʦҲС
ÿţȻϴ͸ٻĲŸոûš
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ʱóŻˣʱ򣬺Ѿˡ
ƽʳ̧һЩҸǴţȥϴ˹ԡ
ƽİҿҪһ㣡ٻǾϲۣһƵˣ·һ˻Բһ㡣
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ңȻ˵
ۣܲΪʲôǰԵܲζһһ㶼̫ˬˣƽ㣬ôģ̫ˣ
Ӻúóԣֲ壡İӺóһٱ
ѼΪʲôƻͰҳ̫ˣǰرԵƣԺҰϵˣ

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һ£Ťͷһһҩжҩܼ֮ĸҩϵҩİɣ

293»е

ĸҩܣ֣°ȻһЦλˣ֪һҩжҩһ㣬ÿʮҩģһʮ֡һʱܼһҩϵҩľѾˣȻ˵ܼĸҩϵҩģҪ֪ҩɲǱֺͰڷλô򵥵ģ
ԴӺҳԺ󣬺Ʊ˸˵ķʽͷȻۣƾͱɿѾˡ
ԣ֣³ƺΪˡ
νҩҪñʶгҩƣҪ֪ҩĵҩЧʲôͨõҩҪټȵȡ
ҩֻҽѧеһı£ȴҲǺķʱģ
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ɱĴ˿޴󰭣ɸ˿˴ȴҪغ
ΪҽߣʮԺҲҪ
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ӵĿźƣҡҡͷλˣ㲻ʺѧҽ
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ԼӡУƲϲ̸ţĺӡ
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ٶȣ֣ˡ
ϣͽǵһμЩҩ𣿡֣±ʾɡ
ڣֿܡ
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һֿܣ֣¶ʮֲݣ
ľøͽǿˣ

294³

֣µɣϴɫҲеѿ
ȷʵЩ̫żˣʧȥԭʶҩĵı⡣
İҩĿһΣֻҪóµҩı䡭
ϴ̾Ϣҡҡͷû˵
Ա߸ٻĺܲˬ֣ԺƵ̬ȣһƽǵһμЩҩΣͲƽʴӱĿ𣿻ûеһʱأ
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߹ϴЩǵʵƣס˶ҩģ
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ĸҩܣȻû˵ҩģֱҩ㣿ǺôĿ
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֣Щţȴ䲻һŲûع

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ʹõĺԺвţԴ뿪ɵʱʱ򣬸ϴͣǱߣԺֻǰߣǰóȥ
˭֪û߽ǰã洫ĳſʮӡ
ϴüͷ첽ǰȥ
ȻÿʹϾǹںʹ£ÿ껹źʹõķֺ졣
Ȼʹó£պˣôӲܡ
үү㣡ٻС׷ڸϴ󣬵ǵĶš
Ҳæȥӭһ꣬ҪԺȥģæۼֿסԷʵôˣʲô£
Ȼʶǰĸϴȴ֪ġ
ȻԷϴһģȻûʲôġ
иӳ˹˴򿪵ҩ⣬Ǻӵļǰأɥ˵дŽҪϽȥˣȻһҩˣ

300մҩ

˴򿪵ҩ⣿
ʵ˵ǲ̫Ź˴ģ
Ҫ֪ʹÿǴƽصһҽݣ߳Ƕһġ
ȻϴҲżںʹʹŵĻЩÿնĴ
˴Ǻʹó˸ϴ֮ҽģôסأ
ʹÿϰջ϶֪˴򣬶ҲʮϿҽ
δʹÿ˶֪ʹõĹ˴ҽԲ˼ģʮҽδ
һϸĽˣôܿ˷أ
ܱŲţǲŵġ
˼ڸϴ͸ٻ߽ǰá
ҶֻǿҩûȥҽݰúõôһƤڣ׳ʿĺ۲Ѫ˿ţŹ˴ʮּ
ǰмʹѧͽţ˵嶯֮¾ͻֱӳȥԹ˴ȭˡ
ԲԶһŮڵϣһݵСкͷСš
ܻվżˣŹ˴򣬿Է޵ݡ
ҳһš
۹˴˵ʲôǶԷ޶ȥ
ʹڱ߳ǿôֺţȻҲǳصġ
ЩĴѧͽͲʾĽ˷϶Էӵġ
ƾʲô˵ǹ˴ӰؼԺǸӳʲô˭֪
˴ô겡δκβΪ˴ˮͻ𣿡
ߣߣߣʹÿɲµĵطСĳԲ˶ߣ

˲ǶԷ򸾼Ϊǹ˴ϳҩʹõΪԷµġ
ڽֲµʱǸźӵĸͻȻޣǲӵģҾκù˴˵СԼҩܺãΪʲôԽԽˣҷûиҳԶǣȾȹҵӰҵĹ
ڸͻȻ޵ʱĺҲͻȻ˷Ӧ
֪ǲǸ˵ĿŵͻȻĴˣз
ͻȻ˶עĸ˺ͱĺӣǸӻϸݵĸ첲СһһĴĸ׵ϡ
ôϸĸ첲ûв֣·΢һͻ۶Ƶġ
ǸƾĴԼĵļҪˡ
ˣڻ˵Ҳ·⵱ǡղŸ˴ü۵ĺתԼӺͶӣдʹ˵һ˵ȥˣȥ
ԱʹĲѵķµ
⸡ںʹ˵ͷ
ǸӵʱĿ¶֮ɫ
ɣҸӰѰһԲϵºͣʮ·ܸƽе궯һ㡣
ڵϵĺӺڵʹ޵ĸ˵һʱѭȥһλݺͰ׵߳Լ
֮ЩʹõĴѧͽķ׷·
ǺʹõĴ򣿡Ǹ㶵ʵ
кʹõĴǳ⣺ϴ㶼ʶϽɣиϴڣӿ϶µģ
ǣϴҽֻش̫ҽ˸ţ̧˸ϴݡ
ǸӺڵϵĸ˾ˣԱվŵЩҲ
̫ҽǿǸʵۿİɣ
ˣôǵ
׳оˣǶԷ޵˻عϲĺ
д׳ĺӻعæվ˵ãã죡ѹȥøϴ찡
Ӿµϣʱô򵥣
ʱ·ȴĵָһ
ʫƣɽˮ·һ塣
һæϴڳطͬʱλ˱źãһεĵȴŸϴ
ָڹϣϴ̧۵ϸ鿴ɫͷԼƤȵȡ
ԼǸϴһֱЦݵԵʣʮϣûٿ֣ҲûٷƢ
Σϴջ֣ƺѾԹĲ֢
ϣ⺢ǷõСվڸԵĹ˴ʵ
ϴףǡ㵱Ĵɻڣ
ڡ˴׵Ĵ˹ȥ
ϴӹͷϸһ飬¶ɻ֮ɫҩûʲô⣬ʮֶ֢Ϊ⺢ӵ֢֮ûеõ⣬أ
Ҳɻ󡣵⺢ʱ򣬲ûôɫ޻ëϡ裬Ҳûղŭ˴Ц˵
Ҳϴˣҽʮ࣬ῴĲأ
ѵԼҩûã
ܰСĶ֢ҩһǿԿ϶ģ
ڸϴ͹˴˼⣬ϢòҴλ˼ʱһͻȻ
кޤƺĴչȥϴҩڿޤζҩĵʱʶѿڶ
󣬵ʱѻȸһʼԵøͻأ
ޤҩԼҩĵ֣ʱ©һģӿһɲ̫ԤС
ղŹ˴֮Ի𼱻ǵѯҩĵ¡˴ԼʱӦû⣬ҩҲû⣬ǳľпԼҵҩġڣ֣չ˴˼ҩõҩġ
ͽͻȻڣϴ㿴˹ȥޤСĶ֢ҩģȻеġ
ʦղųõҩĺҩҩͬһ𣿡׷ʵ
⡭ϴ򲻳ںʹãȻǺǿ˴֣¡
˴һ£ȻͬһǴӿⷿȡġ
Ȼĵ˵ͷѹ˵ǿմҩ

301±˵̫磨

մҩ
СѾͷ֪Լ˵ʲô
ԶһЩǶԷ޺ţýĺʹõĴȴ
ʹЩҪըˣǿںǸŸϴģֻѾŭˡ
ˣǻǷ׷׶ԺŭĿӣԼ̬ȡ
ϴҲԼͽܽôôϵأƽﲻͦ飬ͦµ
ƣʹרŸҩˣÿҩĶϸġϴѹίѺơ
ⷿҩ֣¸ģԭڿ˵ʱƾѾ֣£ھȻ˵մҩⲻڴ֣µ
֣¸Ըֻ»ᱩ쭰ɣ
ϴţʶĳҩǱߵ֣ȥ
ǸϴҲſں˵СѾͷҪˣ˭֪֣˽ѵ棡
ǣʹõ˷׷׳֣ȥȴڽѵ֪ĶСѾͷ
˭֪֣²ûһ㷢Ƣļ󣬷һζҩķ·뵽ʲô˵һ㣬ͷ˲ٺ顣
ʲô֣µķһ㶣ɺζҩġ
ޤ
֣źޤʲô
Īǡ
汻СѾͷ˵ˣޤ⣿
һʱ֮䣬ӿֲɣɫɲ
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ǣǺޤ⣬ʹҲ֮ġ
֮Ҫȷһ¡Ӳ֢أǷĸʹйأ
뵽֣飬ɫǶ۰ͰͳķޣǷģΣʹûһ죬֣ڴ˱֤⺢ӵĲ֢ػʹйأʹö֮һǵĺκãҩѺѷĲգ
ⷬ˵üΪȻ˶Ժʹõĺøб
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Щ˵ƽ֣³һ첽ߵ˸ϴǰ
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һΣ֣µ̬ڵúܵͣ˵̬ʮֳϿҡ
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˵գϴԺȥ
֣²ɿЦһϴȻ˵֣ɸղԼǶԺﲻĿ˶Է
£ľ͵ʺƲɣܲڵ̬
ϴ򡢺ƺ͸ٻ»ص˺Ժͬʱ˴Ҳ֣һˡ
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룬ޤ⡣֣¿Цһŵĺޤ˹ȥ
˴ӹһ£ûпʲôɻ˵ʲô⣿
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˴ɻˣˣλǸϴͽ𣿡
֮ǰʹõʱ򣬸ϴ˴ܹԼλͽܣӡ
ֻԼʹյĺޤ˼Һʲôϵ
˴⡭ǻȥ˵ĵطɣߣǱ߱˵֣̾˿
˵мҩĵרùߣҿõҩҲڣȥҩȽϷ㡣
·ϣ֣½Լ֮ǰڿⷿ˺ƣҪ˶ԷȻʱֺƿһζҩдϤ˹˴
˴ȻѣŤͷƣ˵ǿ˵ĵʮζҩĲǺޤģҶޤ
ǵġƿ϶Ĵ
˴˼ȴԼȻδҩ֣ʶϴ֤
ÿңҲδϴ΢΢ҡͷ
ʦ֪ͽε֪ģ
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̲ҵǰһǳѧߡæ֣Ҳɷҩĺ˵öԲԣһʦ͹˴ָ
˵ʱҲߵ˳˵Ŀ
ѾԾ˵ս
˳ζҩ˲֣ͨСȫȷͨˣϲţζҩ˲ͨȫȷͨˡ
һʮˣֻ֣Сͨˣɼҩ֮ѣ
ûͨ˴ͷɥҪڿⷿһӣΨһͨˣ֣С¶ϲɫ
֮ǰ֣СѾ֪ԼĿȫˣֻ˽֮ʽζͨˡ
ڿ뿪ⷿˣٴȥҶҪѬҩˣ֣С
æһĸ첲ʾǿѧͽĸܡ
ʮ֣СȣʮԵϳضˡ
֣СعͷʶԷΪԼȴȻֺһ˳ڿſڡ
ƽ㣬ô֣С˸߲ҵӭȥͨڲڿⷿˣ
Ǹӣٻľʮֲˬ̲סˮ˵̫磡˵㻹ûؿⷿӣ

302½Ե

˵̫磿Ҫؿⷿӣ
֣СһͷˮΪʲôҶͨ˰
ΪĴδȫԣٻ˸ӡ
֣Сͷˣôܣ꿼ˣ㵽ʲô˼
һҲЩáĴ𰸸֣Сһģһ֣СĲԣ˵Ҳˣͨ
ĪҪŻˣǰٻľϴʹãʶٻĵġ
ٻľ죺˭Żˣ֣Сţȥ
ʱ֣СŷԼϵվڸٻĺͺɫѿˡ
⵽ô£֣Сæʵ
֣³ûлشӵ⣬ǶЩѧͽ˵ȰѵطÿмҪñҩߣ
ںʹã֣»Ǻϵġ
ôһ˵Щѧͽʱ˲Լ׷ÿ˵ط
ʱۼѧͽǰĹ˴ҲˣɰԴǰһǳ˴¡
ǣǲԼͬİ࣬ԼĴڸУϣ˴֣Լ˵ĴڣҪǸϳȥ
ˣ뿪ʼɣ֣ȷʵ˲ð˸ϳȥת֣µİкơ
Ƶ˵ͷǰȥ˾ͽϵҩġ
ޤҶ֪ݹԲΣ˫ںɫй󣬰޴滨ڡϵģҶޤָչʾڳ˿ģҶޤͬ˫ںɫй󣬰޴滨ڣޤʮơߵĲģҶޤݹǿεģұȺޤҪСһЩ
һȻеҩ״ޤϸ΢Ĳ𣬲֡
ƽ˵ǲǾޤݹȽСǳĲãʵϣģҶޤݹպúͺޤСݹࡣڣģҶޤʱǲţǸҩʣȥҩĵطĺޤľҪģҶޤߺܶ࣬ߵҶҲȫͬ
˵˻ʲôס
ԭһΣǺʹմҩ
֣µ亹˲ˡ
Ҫ֪ޤѾһʱˣ֪ץҩʱȥ٣һԳ¿ɾʹˣ
죡ºޤȥ٣æԸ
˴ɫҲΪѿϾҩץҩЩҩǰõĴ򿪳ȥģ
ȥǰò´ҩ˴˵ţ˰ЩҩᵽԺһһϸ飡ȰǰǸӵ½˵
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֮ʣȽǰޤĲ˵
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֣º͹˴صģѧͽǶɵˡ
զ£ʮҩģҶޤǺޤǴˣ֣Сɥ֣ƨɺ׷ʡ
֣Ķ˵˵ģҶޤմҩˣˣң
ģҶޤ
磡죡
ǻҪصⷿٴһꣿ
֣С˶ã
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԰ҵ׳ʲôˣ֣СŷӦһԼԴ
ȻӱۣϾС٣ʱ벻ôࡣ
һߣ֣º͹˴ȥǰãͬʱҲϴ򡢺ƺ͸ٻһ
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ҲãƴʱҲûʲôõİ취ֻܵͷͬ
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ʹñϾʦڵҽݣ£ҲԴܳһһҲԸʹýԵ
һߵǰãǶԷ޺ǵ͵ȵЩͷˡ
кóԺúȵдţֻҪˡ
ĹڼҲһΣƢĴĸףĸιĸӵ˵ϡ
ȻЩǺĸ˵ģΪصǰõʱ򣬹Ŀĸ׵ĻήҲ
˴¸ֲ鿴ɫ̦ȵȣȻ͸ϴҽη
˵רҵһ֪⣬оͷˡ
ƫƫ˵󣬹˴תͷǷС
Сһţϴʦ˴ͽͰɣĳѧҽ˿
˴Ŀǰȷʵڱҩ׶ΣһͿҩ⺢ӳƢθȫƼݣҩֻʵ䷴˵ϴ˶٣Це˵ҿڸ⺢ӺҩƵͬʱҩŸػ°빦,⺢ӽ翵

303¸ѡ

ҩŸҩ˵ôõĻ⵹ǿСҩֻ˵
˴˼û̬Ա߹ĸĸѾ͵˵ˡ
λֻҪùһУˣﶼУ˶Ц˵ɵӣôɵأʱɴˣֻ۾µµתɻˡһ˵ԼĶӣĻϻӱֹסˡ
˭ܱ˵Լĺɵأ
ڹη
Щ꣬ǱһӵĿˮҪĥˡ
ĵϱ˵˰û˵ϣ̲סϵֻҪǸʲôҩŵĶԹĲãǼҹҲҪԣǲ֪˵ǸҩţĶе
Ǳ𼱡˴عæԷޣǷģȻǺʹ˵˻Ӹ𵽵ףǾ;ԻὫκãĲգҩȷʵ⺢ӵĿаǵȻ޳ɸӳҩţʱҩŵǮǺʹûȫȨģ
ⷬ˵꣬ĵȻм֣л
˴˺ƣˣҩ»鷳æС
Ȼû⣡ֻҪȷϺøӳʲôҩţҿһҩŵƼϹ˴ӡ£˽˾׼ҩšһûԼĺõҩ۷ʽ˴򵥵Ľһ£ʾֻҪ˴ƼעҩƼƳ̣ô˽˱ᰴƼϵΪԷ׼ҩţԲŶӣֻҪÿ׼ʱȥȡɡ
ԭƼ׼ģƷ򲢲ÿ춼ǸĻǻҪȵƼ
˴Ͳͬˣ
ȣ˴Ǻʹù£߲˵ÿ춼ǰôšһԼƼʹʡ
Σ˴ҽҽʮδԿ渺𣬰ƼߣµķҲŽ͡
һԼ˹˴ӣԺ˴Ҳ϶չ˽˵⡣ʱҲῼÿа˽˿ҩƼĴһݷֺ졣ݻܳںѡʹõĹµȻòˣ
ϴû˵£Եϵľѡ
ĻһڣϴĹ⣬̲סεЦЦͽܣǸ飡ʲôʱ򶼲Լ⣡
һߣ˴ȻҲ˺Ƶ˼вɰ̾һ
ʵ˽˿ҵϴʱ˴ҩŲãټϺʹñȽæ߲ȥˡ
˭֪Ȼҩ޲ڣҩƼһЩҪʳƵĲˡ
⵼ºʹһڱ򣬻ǲǸ¥ĺôΪ˼⡣
Ϊ£˴׼˽Ҹ̸һ̸öԷҪΪӬͷСҽߵı֡
ûü̸˽˵ϰﾹȻͰԼͷϣЦá
˴ǸϧëˡûȷҩŹЧ֮ǰӦ
ǿ˸ϴһۣȻƼ²⺢ӵĲת֮˵
֮⣬Ҫҩ֮
ԼҩЧΣƵȻʮš
˵ˣҩȲȪհ
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Уͷ˰Ƽ͹˴ʲôʱ򿪶ԣֻҪӡǾ͹Ӧҩţˬ˵
Ĳ֢㺱ֻʱ̫ãݣʳӰ
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ڹѾˣҪҪƢθٽչܡ
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ȻΪԷһʹûǻѯ°ϵġ
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ˣʱѾٽʱ֮󣬺ƱҴææĸϻ˽ˡ
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ΪֲʱϯĹƻˣȻԶ˹ȥ
ʵڱǸµˡ͸ǣҵһ⡣ЦĽ˷ϡ
ˣʽɫζʮ־ˡ
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ˣвæסһ˵ʵҶӲԷСһֱಡҶ¥ҩŵģǻȴҩڲ
Ʊ˶Է˼ЦҩŲǲǲϾҩģҳԷк
ɶввɵˡ˲ʲô˼ϰأ
æ͵ҩԤǾ¥ܿͻſʾڸ͸ŶҲ޷ҪԤҩűдƼһٶһƳ̵ģʲôҩţüƳ򶼴Ǿ¥ָƽֻпҩƼʸ񡣡

304ºֶҪͣ

ƽֻܿҩƼ
ǵʱҪͷˣ
вĲպҩŵ֣æѯʵ֪λ򰡣
õĿ־״򣬴õĺδ򣬻кʹõĹ˴򡣲˴ҪһʱŻῪҩŵƼżĻҿ״ߺδȸ㿪Ҳûţɴĸ
вæƵл
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ֶܺôҪƣӶĻִΪǸƭӣ׳ʵĻһ𽫺ֶ˸˳ȥ
ֶǸ޸֮Ҳֲ粻ģȻĻƵĶ֡
ǼѻһЩһƸˣöˣֱת˳ȥΨкֶܲģһֱҪƣ󱻺Ӳͷһ޶ס죬͸СƵֱӽֶ⡣
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֪ˣǾٸСԲɣƼʹ㶼Լ˳ӵЦСԲСԲʲôʱܻ߰ʱЦȥ֣Ǻ«òã

307Ͷͱ

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⣬ЦĶأҳķ˶ʮˣʱԱĶϰߡⲻ˵̫𣿾͸ֵֵ
˵󣬻ɫĳ˵ư㿴ãˣ
Ӵû뵽ϵȻݼôƼֱĿ࿴
ŵͷͣǰˣƯᡢȢи
Ůһһͣǰ˸
Ҳ˼װˣһһ⸸ŮƳ˳ȥȥﵷң
˳ƾͳȴĴָ
ŮĴȤЩΣһӣƣȥСԲûУǹԷ
ңڼ𣿡Ʋʵ
ֵĿһۣ˵첻šô㲻֪𣿡
ûεĴ
ʱ򣬺ƺԲ̫ҪΪɣ˷ַ˯Դˣϲδκβףʮο
ֹһε˽¶Ժ˵ĺۺơ
Ϊ˷ַ˯Զںͣﲢδɡ
СԲÿ˯磬ѵҲ磬ȥʱڴȥק
һƣСԲɿҪкţ
ָСҪԵİһѱЦŴȤСԲʲôѽĩϺʼ
СԲһĵЦȲͣĵţͬʱֻСֲͣš
С˾֪С̸óԵˣǲǣ˵˶һ䣬Ľϵ帧ƽȻ˴
˵ʱѾˡ
ңƻмֲȻǶԷԼʱǾշ̡
ƣôˣǲŴˣϷƵ쳣еʵ
Ŵӣһһֱۣͦ˵ûУҾǡԷԵеȡǸ˼ССȲҪȥ˽ӣǸСҸڼ˵

309°ݷ

ϻźƾͳ̶ѿôԵأ
һ£תע
˼Ը⵽𣿡ʵ
ЩɶǶˣλܸߣֲʶһׯˡ
Ƶȫģӻ벻ѵǲҪ׬ǮҺڣֻʫԣĺţ
Щ˿ߵĺܣֻ¡ﲻֹ̫۵üͷϤĶֻкͺֶ˶ϲװǻƣżӣԵԶ˵ӡ󲢲̫á
ҲӽͣЦȥһ¡Ҫ֤ƷСϽˡ
ɲСϱɵڶֶֻпȡĮ鲻˵ֶΡ˽ˣ鶼ȥˣ
Ҫ󣬺ҲԼ뷨
ԲҪһųֻͯҲԡΪΪ˵ͯҲ´ˡкܶѧãͯԶûпأ
ǣؼһǣһҪƷãƷ¸Уʦ£
ʦһ㣬ܶͲƵҪˡ
⣬ڽΪӶһ㲢ûгɼҲˣȻҪ׬ǮҺڡңӰȡ֮еֻҪǮƾþͺãΪʲôһҪװһ֮ӲԳԼأ
㣬ֿ״̹Ȼʵˡ
˼·Ʊ˴ƽϱȽϲġ뵽̿εĽ
ûüȥֵ˰Լұһ嵥ʮ˽֣ҸЩ˵ļҾѧʶȵϡ
˵ʮϸˣϿԷһ顣
ۣ̫ˣлл㣬ңƾϲл
ҹЦЦʲôҪҰһˡ
ûʲôˡȿЩ˵ϣɸѡһ£ĸʣٱšҡҡͷֽŻ˻Ρ
öԷʣ˼ҽҲδԸ̡
£˫ѡܵԸźá
ңе˹⿴ϲУۼ˲ŷġ
ɸѡȷ˼ѡ㱸Ʒ׼Űݷá
ȰݷõһλӴš
λסľ˽ֻ֣Ǵƽķ·Ρ
Уźϣ˸磬ȥżң˭֪ſȴŽա
˼ţһ𣺡˭ѽ
պҪҵܵһԱš
ʱԺŴ˰ȣһԼʮ̽ӣ´˺һۣԱߵĺϣܵܣ
ԡãҵܵܡƽܵ
Ϲɵĸʺãҽкϣˡ
ѧѧüͷʵ
һãȻû
Ʊδɡ
أʲô죿Ųĺǳ
֪λ棬ܶ˶пŮ˵ͨ
ŵĲΪЦЦ㲻˵ˡ
⣬ȴˣ˵ҵ¶ҶƾʲôҶ˵
˵£һ˼һȻ̬֮бź˵ȻҪҵѧҽĵһ±ΪӵĪҪЩͷʶ̵ĸ֮ԡ
Ӵǣţ
ƻûüڣϱ˵Ҷģͷʶ̵ĻͷҲܳѵҲʶ𣿸ճĺͷ̣ѵʶͳˣ
찡治һ꺢˵ĻƼֱҪԼСܵĳӹƽкˣ
ĹǺû뵽ȻкӶײԼ
㣡㣡ȻҶ죿ָźϵıӣŭûнʦصѧͲ飡
ž
һƴָźϱӵ֣ɫ˵֮ǰ鷳ԼվӣУһָָű˵ͬʱĸָָԼȻûнͲѧǺ벻𣡸ǣ
˵գźתߡ
ŴŵһԼ˲صѧͼҳɫһһ׵ģŽŭ֪ˣ֪ˣû˻ܵƷ°ܻѧźڰɣ
вԼ֮ԱǡԴ֪ɳΪʦ
ǺСд˵ǣС˵㣬Ҫˡ
飬һԺûϽԼôأ
ȻСܶµĲüΪԼ·
õģƷУһҸʺ뷨ЦĨһС
ĺѾʼƼøѿƵˣΪȪˮ壬ֳԵñůɫСҲ⣬ֱһѵС̫
û¾ϲСܱܵĲС
˱ĵܵܣôأϸѡ
ŲУȥݷţ
ԼѡǼˣһʵİɣ
Ϊ˱ʾ⣬ƻѽ׼Ʒȫˣڶһźȥŵļҡ
ǳϵǣһΰݷٶˡ
컹Ҫ֣Ϊûмŵ棡
׼ȷ˵һԱţ˼ұŶûֱӸߣ˵ܵܵѧ
͹˰ɣ
һ˿²⣬ֱͣȥһҡ
Ȼٶȳ˱Ÿ

310Ӵıĸ

һݣԽԼɸѡ֮ϵЩ˶ݷһ顣
ϣ˶ڿһʣպΪѧ
϶޳ˣ㣬Ҳˡ
ܾú϶Լ˻ɣЩҷˣԼǲһͲǶϣԲû˿ѧ
ʱĺƱ沨Ѿʮַŭˡ
һܾеܾ涼ֱӾܾ˵ûè˭Ű
Ӵ˵Ļ˭ﶯֽžͺˡ
ΪʦߣȻСǼ
ѵ֪Ҳһ
ԺƵԸôưͿ
ǵ֮Ҫúϵ
£ûпȫֻȥ֤ЩǲǴͨˣ˺ϱϾһӣʲǿ󣬽գܵ˼Ĵǲܰãֻ»ȥһӵӰ
СϣǲϹİ࣬㲻áƶźϵ۾΢Ц˵ģȻҵõǲ㣬ձȻΪΪĪ
˵ĺ˫貵ıʯ˲Ļ
ص˵ͷţ
ߣȻؼȥ̶ȣòãͷ
Цü䣺ã
ЦǣСߡ
߹һֵʱ򣬺ͻȻվͷʵ㣬ŻǺڣ
ȻǼӱĿ̿ѧϰպͷأƵͷź¶ֳ֪ӣЦһվڸߴͻᷢЩЦ˽ϣ㶼Сָͷöһ£žͰǣ
ⷬڴʱĺ˵Щ̫ˡ
ǣⲢλļʱʱó޲Լ
Ժ󣬵λӸλӡ֤˶ⷬʱӾöһλߡ
Ʋ֪Լⷬϴ˶Ӱ죬ڰԷȥС
ƽĿǲˣѵȥ̫س
Խ룬Խ
صУƶϲҪѽ¸ߵ𣬾˵Ҫϸһ˭Ϊ
ȻԼͷ˾¥ĳ
˵Ĳȫ֮󣬺еɢһЩ׼ȥ߿ࡣ
Ҳ˻֣Ϊ֮󲻵һʱȥߣǵ侲֮ȥأ
ԭܼ򵥡
ΪƲԼĿԹ
һ£ԹԹأԼͷԲۣӵ̲Ů
֮ȥңһʶҪѰҵİοȷʵҪҵİæ
׼ȷ˵ҵİæ
ҲֱӰаʮ˼ҲڣԼƹֱȥе㲻á
ҳҲ֪Լ׿ڸ߶Է
¥ߵҵķǰûţűˡ
ʲô£۸ˣ÷ֺлδȫʧŭ֮ǰʵ
һ㶣еǵͻȻȫɢˡ
ǰ۸ңǺöˣ뿪Ц˵ҪҪ˰ȫ
һ۾ͻȻһͷи
룡ҪԼͷ
ȺµֵǶЩֱ֣ǵŰ
Ƥ֮ʹôУ
Ҫеģǽȥ˵Ƴգգۣʾſڲ˵ĵط
ұԷ
ҵԷΪ򵥣ûʲô˽ƷԭסʱʲôҾߣͻЩһûжá
ģһסջĸо
һȥ̲סüͷôûаԷһ°
Ҫͺܺáƽ˵쵽׷ʲôˣ
ϿκƺĶԷļ򵥺⡣
ѹȥеĲʸУת˵⡣
췢һһʮȫ˵һ󣬺̲ס²۵ǸӴǸСˣȻΪʦ˸Ͳ䵱
ô죿ѯʡ
ָͷ˻ΣæһٴûбȽʺϵʵڲУҲԣҳ߼ۣڶ£ǰҺúõ⼸֪ǵϣСģԽϸԽã
˵ţͳһֽдż֡
Ӵǵһ
ҶʱӹֽɴӦá
̫ˣҾͲ˵лл˰׼뿪
ߵſڣͻȻסСҺʵȥ߽кѡƼ
߽Ķһ㶣Ӧˣ
߽ûҲô˵
ֳ¥ָָģ˾¥¡
ⷿӸǺ֮󣬸һ߽һ䡣
߽ûסǸ뿪ˡ
û뵽һôãȻջˡ
̫ˣȥ߽ûʲôѡƼƴϲҴҵ¥ȥ
߽ϾٳȻڹҲʶһЩְĹٶôҲ֪ĸ˵ȽϲĸѧñȽϺðɣ
¥£߽ԷŴĿţȴ
תһȦڷҵڶСԲ߽
߽ˣ̫ˣҪæƿżɽ˵
߽ʮֲ죺Ұæʲô°
ҵܵܽˣõʲôʵѡƼ𣿡˵󣬷ɿĲһ䣬Ñ⣡

311ʧȥ־

߽û뵽ƾȻԼƼһʱ֮û˵
߽ǵ͵ıòŨüۣĸߴ
˵ʱ򣬿еס
СԲȴһ㶼ĬʱֺСȥĺӡ
ԱߵĺһץסӵС֣ȵСԲƤﱧ㣡
˵ţ׼СԲ
߽ع񣬻Ȼ˵޷кҪƤһЩźã
˵ţץСԲԼϲ˲䣬ʣ
ԼıĺСԲһ߶һ߿Ц
ͩ£ߴֱͯɷԼ֪ᣬͯаЦŤͷԼĸףӵĸһεӣƫƫȴЦݡ
Īĺг
һ˲Լվܶ࣬ɷ羰
ΣԼǺ˼ʲôأعæ˦˦ͷЩĪ뷨˦Ժ
߽ʹôܰôϿͦġԼˣô뷨ܿư
Ա˦ͷ̾üɹ߽ͺעСԲ˹С֡Ľš
˵˵Ҫɣ߽ػ⡣
Ʊǰõһһ˵˳ǿҪƷãʦ£ѧǳȵȡ
һϵ߽ˡ
üһҸˣԻ¶࣡
˼ҲûҪʦºͽѧǳʲôİ
ƿ߽ŹֵĿԼ˵룬һ䣺֮±·ҳ˼Ñ
׵ıӸУ
Ŷе㲻˼ˣƫƫһ棬ͦرֱ
Сﰡ߽еۣͷԼʶһ֮󣬻ʵѡ
ʶȷʵʵģ֪˼ԸԸ߽˵ֲ꣬һ䣬ȥ룬Ҳδػͬ⡣
֮⣬ܲÿԼı¡Ҳʹ
ԼȤ˭סʲôˣԸΣʲôã
߽ôȲ𣿾ͲҰ˼ڰ˴¶㣬˼ҵˣ
²۹²ۣǽԼλѵƽһ¡
һѾǴƽˣտʮ꣬ǶĽʿѴǹٻؼࡣ
ĽʿĬĬţǶʮ꣬Ҳ˵տĽʿ꣬ȻĹ١
Ϊδǹٰƺʵ
߽Ĭһ³һ仰ͬż
ΪҪżٸʵףа²ĪλʿʮߣмۣͬͬԲŻᱻż
߽ЩŹ֣ˡֱ̫ˣ˵׵ˡ
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ͻȻ߽˼
һԸֱ˵׵ˣǿ˵ֱڿ죬
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һûĺѧӣûпɽϴȣҵˣС̫
ȣһʲôʵ
ôһʣ߽֪ǶԿʿˡ
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һأĻҪʱƺԽܣСһЩġ
ϾǸĺӣ뻹Ǿеۡ
λסĸûпƽ飿ʵ
߽붼Ĵϣ󣡵ΪŲԲŻٶˣؼũ
ũסˡ
λ£ƽ誣ʮǶʮľˡ߽ϸĽһλѵ
λƽΪ˻￪ʣʴӱмأֻһ㲻ã̫顣
Сʱ򣬸ĸһףʱƽλ棬ӡܺãеĳԼƽ調ȡ˹֮顣
Ҫ֪ƽǸʱѧʮͺСѾͯ˵״Ԫ֮š
гϢŮȻԸˡ
˵ˣƽ誻ŵ㿼״Ԫ˾ˣͻס
һ˵׺һͯһ
Ȼ˵ȴƽ誸еʱⷢˡ
ϿʱļͻȻߣδŵҲȾϣܶһ
ƽ֪ʱѾ˾ˣŵˡ
Ȼƺûвμӵԣֱӷˡ
˲ɴ󾪣мܵĿ͵͵ҩ˵ӷĴ
´˻ʵ۶Уʵ۳ϵĲû׷УϳĹԱΪһ£ղ󳼳鵽ס
һΣߵĹԱȫɴñһʱ֮Σ
ƽ誼ҴİڱȷûȾߺɢõƽ誺Ҳһ
ʱҪƽ볯Ϊ٣ͨղ̽ƽ誵Ŀڷ磬ɳϵܾˡ
ƽ調úһβٹԱɴñֻϵͷϡ
볯Ϊ٣һᱻ
ңļֻʣһˡ
پǷǷǵУ߾Т
ǣ˳ӳ͢İã˰ɽ򰲼仧
˵ǰɽʵǰɽ밲ƽ֮һ壬Ϊɽ塣
ƽ誾ƽƽĳΪɽĴ泯ĸũ·ȫȴо˵ٹ⡣
ҲкܶȥɽҲв˽Ӻѧóȥһⶼܾˡ
߽Ļ˵ƽ誳ʧȥ˶־Ը˴򽻵

312²֢

˴򽻵
²ǵ֢ɣ
üû뵽λôıʡ
ˣͨ˺Ľᣬ״򿪰
ţ߽ٲһ
ʵʱȥɽһˡ߽һ̲סִ̾׵ŨüţԵЩüƽڵܲã˵൱ãе㿴ȥˣƫƫΪ
ô÷ƺ׷ʵ
ô˵ƽҲǸˣ
ͷǷ¼ӣ׬Ǯ
㲻ѧã곭飬ǰддţҲԺˣ
ֱۣǸˣֱҸѧùϵҲý飬ÿʱ¶Ϳÿٺ»
Ҫ֪ƽ調ˣ
ʮ꣬ѾоˣҲ˵ʮ͸ˡ
Щٵȣʲô
Ǹѧãֻ±ѧ֮͡
ԣƺܲƽôĺܲã˵رԷôӹģ
߽ܿΪ˴𰸡
ƽ課ǻؼũҪ֪СǸûиɹĶˣ˵ֱһ㣬ʲô֪ܶ
һ˻ؼũֳׯ
ĶϵӲֵճµȻĵض硣
ֵضָ׬ǮҺڣƽֵػҪǮ
ÿ꣬Ͱǵҵ׻ĲˣȫѾȼá
Ҳû취ҵıĻƣһⶼܾˡ
ԭƽ誵ӹԽԽڴǰźţһ롣
ǣ취ҪϱͿԳȥ׬Ǯϱڼչ
˭֪ƽ誾ȻǸΪˣΪŵδ޾ȻȢ
û취˰
Ͼ˭ҪϣݻҪһү
ƽ誵ԽԽˣҲû˵š
ƽ誾ĬĬĶغĸɽƶһ߽ȥʱ򣬷׶ûˣÿ˾͸ɿа
߽ȥļʱֻٹƽ誾׼Ķʳˡ
˵߽̲ס̾úһˣݵĸƤͷƵģҲ֪ôģΪɽ߳һ
ȷʵͦҵģĬȻܰһ緢ľ˴һ겻񣬵˶Ĵ̼˶Ӱ
ƽ誵£еѰ찡
ԷĿǰ״̬Լÿ찴ʱСȥԷϽ
ĺִĴָ˴ָ˰ʵĸΣ
ãԴƽ誵ĸȥԺĸ׵ÿ£ۿ˾ȥˡҿͦ˼ˡ߽̾˿Ҳĸ׹֮ͻῼǳɽˡܵҲȲ˰ҪȻȥҿʿɣ
ʿ˵ʵƶԿʿ̫⡣
׿Խ¾ϻһЩʱ䣬ûͻƿڡ
ֻϣԷɱĵ֢λûʲôѧרҺҩ
߽˵ٶ࣬Ҳǵ;˵ȥһȽס
ƾվȥһɽ壬ؾͲˣʡСٴܵ
ȥɽ֮ǰһ¼
Ǿ
ƶѡƥ˿ҲȤһҪԴ²
һţûлѡȫͬĽϺ˵¡
أڿԴˡ
ԼϵԾԾԣֱóƱݹȥȫȨﴦ
ڲȱǮˣĲãǣ
Ǯԣ
ڶգһȥϴѧϰҩ֪ʶȻϻˡҩš
æ꣬Ѿδʱĩٽʱˡ
Ӿ¥ųŵʱ򣬺Ʊ˺ϵĻ
ۼ̫̫Ͽ˺þúþá
Ȼǰûţʱ붼ԼһһţţԺͷţʵ̫ˣҶţ紵û¡
ԴӺϴҪԺҹҹأ
ڣڿˣһϸ˵Ķ޲ŴƽתȦ
߽ԺƱ㿴ƥͷͥԺ֮УëΪ׳
ѡȴ䴫˵˳
ԶһƤ֫㡣
ǰſƨ롣
һѣۺͼ
ǰΣڿϸ
һߣһ
ԶһƤҪȫòëɫӪСͽṹȫȳȵȡ
֫˵˶Ҫ٣ƣϣ˳ϡ֫ϵ˱ϸҪ֫ǷܹǹǰĴϸĶٺͼǿ̶ȣԹܺϵҪϸĴСʵĺûë̵ȵȶҪϸ۲졣
ĺƲ֪ƾԶ۵ĵһӡ󣬱ƥԷ˳ĵһ䡣
ƥĲ߹ȥһߴƥһЦӯӯ˵
ϹźЦݣȻҲƥΪ⣺ãøϱ˼ҪҼ˸ˡƥϳһӡ
ôˣƲüǽǵᡣ
ʵ߽ϸɷʮ־ľľ֮ƴӵĺ޷϶ضĥʮֹ⻬Ϻʵûκ͵֮
õȻһһʮӣ
Ҫ֪һû²ġ
᲻˭װԺּ鷳Ƶһʱ롣
Ͼϲڱ
¶֮ɫ

313ǰɽ壨

ǣҶڼ˷ܵУ㽫ɻѹȥɨˡ
ϸҪȥɽʱ̲סɵ˵˳
˵᲻˹ȦװܲǷϳҵһιҵȻһʹ£Ĳ²š
дΣĬһʵϵ˼װġ
ʮ⡣
ұ͵򣬺ܶˡҲûмƥҲУҾ˴شƥ
û뵽ҶԼôģаЩģʵҪû£ȥһɽɣ
ãˬĴӦˡ
֮԰ŵ죬ԭܼ򵥣Ϊû˶
ڲ˼۵Եʣ˽עƽϰ춼Եġ
ڴƽ˶Ҿ¥һʶǱСģϯﶩеΣճԷˡ
ЩǮ˰綼ϲ˽Ԥɼֲ죬Ե˽˲ÿ춼Ԥȥ
ԴˣЩ硣ŮӪ¥Ȿˡ
󣬻Ǻ˵¥ҩŶҪˣټϰ˽ˣÿ춼۵òСʾڰͲû˶ƾͿԳûϢһ¡
֮󣬺ڲٵľ¥ⱾˣתƵ塣
¸ĸģ
ŮٺãǶŮҲвٲġ
ȻҲеĸĸϣԴӺشӼԺǵǵĸҪ˻ţҵĲ񣬶Ǻ뿪Ժ᲻Σա
һ磬ƺұȥɽ塣
ԭ͸򣬿˭֪ȴԸµҪݳҲûȥҳֱӼݳˡ
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318಻״ĸ

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ǰ˵̵֪۾ϣʱֻˡƸп˵ھȢӣȻӡ˵Ҫ۾κãԺøӴӣӰںͷأ

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ҪǣͲǰʵТ˳϶ͶϱĿԼ
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һ𻨸⣬ƴȳһӣ¥ſڵʱȴͣסˣˣ

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аʮæϣɸԾȴһ˻
ֻ˼ϢĹҵӰԾԺǽڽ䡣
ֻһ䴫ĴаʮУұ
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ݶãСţŲ£ΪʲôҪߣԼϱԼôţ
˵˵ţʵĳˡ
ЩԭΪҶΪҶġ
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Ϊӵġ̫̫ˣ
һ죬ҵ緹ԵñƽһЩ
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⺢ӣôСĵ㣡ûɣε˵һ䣬˺ˣϽԷɣ͵ˣ
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ڸϴ۾ʱ۾ɣٻĳЦ˺þá
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ʱһιȥ죬հƹƱˣͻȻ˵ңпѯϾ¥ǷӪҵ
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ɹɹӡɽڵӦʳƷ֮һ
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ܼ򵥣Ѿʽϡ
һ죬ŮΪ˱ֳԼɣڿ˼¿ʽϣԼɹӱƯ
˵ھÿɽڻжɵĻЩŹǶ뷽跨Ҫεͷ
ǰڴʱ򣬷Բ˭˼ʲôɽڡ
ڰᵽϣˣ´ｲɽڵȤ֮㶯˼ŮͶŮһըɹ
ǣûһȤըɹƣֻԷĶԴһ
ҽЩ¥Ϣ
һŮʱĵ߹־ȥĶͷôˣĶܰҪҪ򣿡
ûȡˡû¶˯һͺˡЦЦת¥
ڴϣͷ˯һշתȴô˯š
˺һͻȻ͵ڽеаʮ磿𣿡
һӦ
̽ԵĽеа磿
ȻûлӦ
ڴϴһͻȻʹߵ̧һȻ˴ϣڴ⡣
аʮ磬ҾʹȥŶԺĴ˵
ȣûз磬˿
ǣƱ㽫һһǰ㣬ۣ׼ɿץסص֡
ƣʲôأͻȻϵļŻֺ̿ͺ¡
ƶһ٣ۣͷԺվŵϣһЦ̫ˣҾ졣
Ķ̨ģϽҪ𣿡Ͼδ˵źһһջȥסĶ㣬Сĵ㣡ǧץ˰
ֱ˴̨صϵض
⺢ô£ö˶˵ͻȻ̨̧ͷʵ
ƴӴ̽ͷЦҾǾرƣ͸͸û£ȥըɹɣ˯һ
Ŷãǧ˰Ķ챻ųˡؿڡ
ѿЦر𣺡İҶôˣ֪ܲɶ¸ɶ²ȥæɣ
߶䣬תȥ˳
ע뿪̽ȥͷ˻ǵЦҲʧˡ
Լ̽аʮûг֣Ĳ˰ɣ
ҲǰҶˣô°Լأ
Լ̫쿪ˣ
ôһ˲䣬ĺĻ䣬һִӴȥĳ嶯
ɺܿͻع
ĬĬĸԼƣ鲻ȫ㻹кܶܶҪҪ
ľ¥ûпȫأ
Ŀռ仹û
㻹ôʳûƳ
㻹кöû׬
δǳ󺣣
ǡ
ҵδû˰

337¶ɹ

³ߣɽڡ
ɽձϰףŮ³ߵҹеĸɻ
ȻҲŮӣͨѻ򸾶Σû׵ĴСҲ˻Ͻ֡
ںƿһһʢ磬شͳλ˵һѵõĽˡ
ֻЩСȷϹǶԵҲûʲôãջҪĸͬ
ЩɵĻ᲻һȤͲš
ϺͺȴĸߣҪһһͬȥ档
ϾǰڴûĻᣬϹɽڣǻǵһأ
ϻ´һ𣬲´˵Լ񲻺ж㣬лϵĺ⡣
գϣСԲǣźϣһֵĳˡ
ƽĽֵ¥Զֻһ֣ɼ¥ѡλǶôĺá
ԺǽϴĻЦŽյϲʮ֡
Ȼƽֻһ򣬵ѵõĽǶϽ档
ţȥμһʢ磬Ц
ƻ㱾ǰƺԼһһϲõԼͬӰһ
˿ЦһľȻ
Цڽϱܴ֣żײˣһЦ֮֡
ٵ涼ĵʽʮƯ
ǾŵĹŽֱСĻ黨֬ľͷӣ顢廨ţأʤʽ࣬۸ˡ
ڽֱȦһյΪأΧ˺üյʮá
ͳĴߣֽɹĿҲΪ˸ЩСһֶõͶȻ
Ϻͺ߻бԾԾԣ˶ȥμ˴ߡ
νߣҪμӱִ߶ŵӰߴףһܴö߼ΪɣΪ֣߸׵Ľɡ
ν䡣
ϺͺƽվԼ߻ɴʱһȣ֪ˡˡ
ûõƷϺͺ˿ûӰ飬źƼı
ɹ˼壬Ǳ˭ɹӾƯ˭ѶȸһЩ
ֻΪƣû취ñƴ˵ǱƶһµĹ򣺲μӶɹ˿ֱӴֳɵɹʤߵɹᱻչ̨ϣѡǰȻǵʤˣôҪɹ֤ɹԼ
Ĺȿȥʱıƴֱ̣ӣܱɹͶȡɻýƷ˵ʮֹƽ
Ȼɹ󲿷ģɹʱȴþʽùϹ㶼ԡ
ʱɹչ̨ΰڷɹ
ڵһһۡöϵ̶ɣȻͨǰɫģʤڵ񹤲ͷúơϻڷ˴ĺͻˣøֹϹ̶ɣʮȤ
ڵڶһӣ֪ʲôϹ̶ɣӨ񣬼ӵɰֽòٹǵϲ
ԵЩйоأһٻޣըɵĻ䣬ҲùϹ̶ɵģڷһǧá
ѽӿɰ̲ס޵
Ҳͷǰû뵽ɹȻôÿɰ
ǰһȣɹ֯ŮЩòأЦŵ٩
ʱͻȻԱߴһߣңУ
ѭȥֻһŻͷӵŮбϺͺǺεı֮ɫ
ŮߣվһλɴİŮӺλӡ
˵Ĵߴ磬վŵʹӣ֪ԷԼǵġ
ϺͺȻ䱻˷УȻвãȴǲԷֻ
ȻתҪߣǸŮȴưոݡ
ƽûʲô˼ʲôж֣Ů˵꣬ŤͷɴİŮӣѩ㣬ֵһأ
Ůӵûʲô֮ɫЦ˻ֻܶ࣬Щִſֱߵıˡ
һСӶѣʲô֡ŮΪȻѩǾĲŮƧĵط˭ܱȵù㣡
誶ԣǸѩǳ˵ҪҪ죬ݵǣ
誶Ůþ
˵ţݺݵԱδߵϵˣΪ⼸˲ŻԼѩǳ⡣
ʱվ誶Աߵһòæֺõİοҵ˵ûѩɹҲûܱȵùһΰ͵Щǿ۽ˣ
˵Ҳѧ誶Ƴϵһۣһ˵ı顣
Ī
Ϻͺ֮֡
һһ䣬ζõҲܵӰ졣
Ϻͺʱû˹ֵ¡
ǻȥɣϵԺ˵Щί
̾˿Ȱοô˼ȥɶ˼ǻؼҴŵþһЩóԵģ֯Ůȫҳҹ
ҹʣѧأ
ʱСԲվŷղʹǼȥüվˡ
˭֪ǳȴֱ˵ҪؼңɺѯԵɡ
Ϻͺ鲻ãû˵Ŀȫ̵ĺȴô࣬һһʮĽǸŮͬĶԻѧ
󣬺Ƶɫ˲
⼸вɣ˾ͳԲƣ
˲𰡣˭ǵԽУ
öɹĵһǰɣʹԼ
ƽСԲѴ㻳һͣɹչ̨Ǳ߼ȥ

338ѹʮӣ

ڶɹչ̨ԣλͷٵϷˡ
λϷвٴƽϰնʶֱϷˡϷ˺ͽϷˡ
λǴ˴ζɹί
½мŮӳԼɹμȣֻһŮİ񳯷ｫڵİٻޱۺǶȻռһ͵ڶλá
ҪεͷˡλõϷ˳ôüĿչ̨ϵɹп
ұλ̬Ϸ˱ǽϷˣϸ¥ǽҵĲҵ
ͬϷ˵Ĺ۵㣬ͷ˵ҿۺöĳɫӦòиõɹˡ
мϷȴŲͬǿδأ۲ʤ˼ɣȤ̵ȴϸ¡øǵ񹤼򵥣ֻմ˲ʺĹ⡣
Ϸ˺ͽϷǿżΪƴȣϷ˳ȧ΢΢ͻţһģһͲǺܺô򽻵ˡ
ɼȻλ˵ڴ˴ζɹǼ߻Ȩġ
ô˵Ϸ˺ͽϷҲɶһۣ˴ЦЦٿˡ
λίһԲľ׮ƵģЩΡ
ʱͻȻǰվʵҿԽһǱߵʳɹμӱ𣿡
μȾȻûԴɹϷ˲һ㶣΢΢üֻõɹμȣЩʳεֳչʾյġ
֮⣬ûǰˣûʸЩʳĵġ
ϷҲº͵Ȱλؼȡõɹھֻʣһʱֳֻʱ䲻!
Ҿ»ؼʱ䲻ԲҪֳİǸҪʳĵǺƣε˵
ϷҡҡͷȻˣǾμӰɣ
͵תûؾ˺ơ
ʵôˡ
ղվԱ߹һ£λίĻмλ
ǣֱмλϸˣʵɹԶõһǲǾʹҿЩʳˣ
һôĿϷ˻ûڣպߵ誶Ȳˡ
ʶɹʲôʱõѩεͷ˽Ʒ뿪˭֪չ˴Բѵ˵Ҫõһ
Ц
ĴãӮѩ㣿
´˺һۣ̲סƲƲ죬㳤ƯҲǸãŮĴĶʲôϣ޲ҵ찡ж𣡹ɴ֪ʲôɣ
ڹ誵ƾǸͷβУԼѩûȣ
ǸᲢۣ
ţ誸ֺι˵ʳĶ𣬻μʲôɹɹ𣿱˼ҵĹϹɣ
⻰һ˵Χ̲סҲƿȥ
ȷʵ˶ǴӼֱӴõɹȻиҪùϹֳģϹɣ
úôܻʲôɹأ
Щûʲô飬Ҳûд磬ֻһ޲ȹ˭֪Ȼᱻɡ
λ˵һ仰𣿡ƽ̧誡
調ŭģĪЩԾʲô
ʵһ澵ӣԼõģôҲõġǳģеҲȻǳġޱ˵Ժ󣬵˹һۣ仰͸㡣л
Щ£һʱ֮û׶Է˵仰ʲô˼תͷѰѩ㡣
Ź誷񣬺ƴӻͳһʮӵݵмλϸǰʵȥϹˣ֪ǱߵʳĿɷҼٽ߽һã
ʮһó˲ղŹǾ䳰ЦʳĵĻ
ʮӰɲһ˼óģٹϹ
е˲ɴи𵨴̰Ƶ˺˲ӸңҸϹȥ
һ꣬Ͼ˽ҴɣϹòһӣ̰ͼ˼ҵӰɣ
һʱ֮䣬Ц
˵ĺЦУϷ˻վ˵Цһ١
ɴ˿ɼϷǶôϡ
ûеӣĿ˺һۣ˵Ȼˣ㽫ʮѹõһ˻ƷշܣʮӾ͵ɲͷɹĵһͬ𣿡
ʮӰ
˵һƷδؼֵʮӡ
ĶĶһĿȻ
˶λС˿϶ͬġ˭ֲɵװ׸ʮӣ
˭֪˵ע£λ޲ȹС˾Ȼԥĵͷ³һ֣ã
Сӣɱʮӣ̲סгҪȰλŲСˡ
һλС˵ĴţͲʲô󸻴֮ҡ
Ϊʮӣ֪ؼԺ᲻ᱻ
󲿷ְȻڿ֣ĳʮֺõģɷ׷׳Ȱ˵ƷμӶɹ
˵Ȱ裬˫ֱȭлҵĺˣҶõһģϣһҰ֤
õһģ
е˰ɣ
ֲûչ̨ǸۺжƯҲ׵ĵһڶ
ðɣȻԼԸ˼ӣҲ㣡
Χ۵İԲֹ׷ױſϷ̬ȴźȥɹ
ʮӽϷˣƱ㳯ʳĵȥ
ʳ׼ȫÿһֵȴࡣ
ϸѡһ£óһܲһܲһߣȻҨۿʼ
棿
Ķе̲סֻʱ䲻ˣȻҪըɹըɹĶùϹĺÿСӵʮҪװ״ˮƯ

339ȵŻᣨ߸

ΪԵʣһͱͣԭõ״ױΣеԭҪʲôϹȣըɹϺܳԿ
ƿʼʱΧ۵İǻѾ϶Ȼˡ
ʱ˺Ϊ۷ԭΪ˸ǳ
⺢ǡôôأһô죿û뵽ŮȻһԵǳмȸжЩǡ
ǶԺʮģοİƵĳ㻹Ų𣿡
Ҵûɹ۾һգգĶźƵĶ˵аʱͽֹˣҲ֪ܲꡣ
ΪƵСԵܣϺԥĴ˵϶Ӯģ
ǵĶԻñ˻ַ֮ĹɼЦӴСҾ˵Ķɹû׼Ҫȥ˼ҽ裬ԭһİ
ŮˣУǺСȭͷ幫誺
ЦһָԼıӣңСܵܣ֪ҴĶ֪ˣǶ֪ʲôСɲСƨһʶ
˵꣬ŤͷɴİŮӣѩ㣬ǱǸľҸ˵Ǹ˵󻰵ŮģȻԲѵ˵ԼҪõһЦˣҰΪûֳõɹ˵Ҫ˼ҽϹأ
ί˵˰ҲǸƭӣǸò͡
Ϲٴϣͱ誶ˣλѩһ̧ۣרɹĺƣ˵ǣˣǧ򲻿ԴѵǶ𣿡
Ľݹ˵ǣǴеĿģʱһֱδ˵Ҳ˵ˣдһ⡣
һڣǸϹٴϵӱŵӣһҿԡ
Ҳ࣬ĽѩԱ͵͵ȥǸӵɫ
һԵĹ誱ŵøСèƵģĽѩȻʧЦξٹӣŵˡ
ξûгһֱߣ˲ԶǸר־æµŮӡ
һ˳ţҪǰ˭֪Ҫˡ
һ·ͣͣһĲˣǰĿҪľˡ
һֱ͵͵۲ξڵĹ調ںϣʱ̡
ûǸŮǸ˵ķһǼ޹˵ˣʲôÿģ
뵽ľ죬аŵȻǸŮԼôԷ
ɹΧŵİǻ߶˺ϣҲ·Χһ˱Ĺ֪ѹʮ˵Լöɹĵһ֮󣬲ҲԵΧۡ
ϰ˫۾עţһֻ»ֶû취ɹɺƲͬ
Ȼ츳ˣʤ㹻רġ
ÿרעһµʱ򣬾ͻһУֻΰԼ
ܿͺˣҪһ
Ǹܲϸһ״˿̵
ΪһϸĳʦҲǳյһ֡
ƵΪ˵̺ðϵĵ񻨲Ʒʵʵ˺þá
˵Լ˴ʦ𣬿չ̨Щӵ̵ǿˡ
Ժõ󣬺ſ̵ɿж
ܲƤ͵ص̵ĿӰӣÿ˶Լ֡
һʼȫ״еİܲ¶ҿԼǸϸŮˡ
ʱһŮӵα㱻ȫˣֵŮӵ٣֬ŮӵĴϵһĨ̺졣
ΪԶװѰ̳ܲʲôģˣֻԼоǸȶ˵Ůӡ
Խǿ壬Խ뿴
̲ס쳤ӣһһǰơ
վסϷͻȻֹΧ۵İǿɹӡ
ַɣۻ˿壬һ񻨲Ʒˡ
ȡһǲԼõƷסȻʼš
һֱŵעʱʱɫ
ʱϷҲ⵽ʱѾˣΪ˹ƽʱ̵ȼһѺʱ䡣
Ϸڴƽʮ˵ʱĽǹģ黭ͨǾĲŮ
ϧҵ䣬ʣĸΪ˲ۼ㽫Զ޶ǳֻ
еŭ塣
ϷԶޣֻҲᱻնס
ûҵԶ߳СϷ˿νǾٲά衣
ȴӲƾԼıڷ㣬ԭֻǲϼұ鲼߳ǵĴ塣
˵ϷĵλȫԼ
Ϊһ㣬Ÿ𾴣
Ϸ˵ĻΧ۵İնھĵطֹˣһ쳤һʱ俴˵󻰵Ů˵ʲô
ʱһһţ۳Ϳȼˡ
ʱһֱæµĺ֣ͣͷһ°֮󳤳³һȻŤͷϷЦҲϷУ
˵꣬һԣơ
ûڵͷϵĹ谭䵽еɹϣ·Ϊеĵ񻨲Ʒһ㡣
ֻһֻֻϲȵչ˫裬һȵţȵ֮ϣһŮ˼⣬ִС
һһŮݣȻʮϵ۶ܿ
ɶ칤
һ̣Ϸ˲ɶˣȻ첽ߵԣĿתĶźõỊ̇̾˵ţ֯ŮȵŻ᣿˾Ʒ˺գ
Ϸ˹Ȼۣ׳˰̵֮һδع۵ġȵϦŪ,Ǵ,ɡ¶һ,ʤȴ˼ˮ,,̹ȵŹ·Ǿóʱ,ڳĺĺ?
״һ˶ˡ
Ȼ˸ƽкããôʣһǳʱڳĺĺ

340°εͷ˸

ŽкһüĿݰףñŮӻƯſ˻
ԭ쳤ȥɹ˵ѭŤͷ˹ȥһʱֱۣ̲סһڿˮСӾȻг˺ÿ!
øŮƵģʲôÿģϹٴ϶ʱˣƲ˵
˹ȥȻŮ˳öƯΪֹȴ̹˭ϹŮӣ
Ưʲôãû׼ǸݰϹٴϲϷ誣㰵Ը̡
Ľѩק˹һ£ֹ˵Ķ졣
ξڿǸ¶˼顣
ӣϳߣңң˸к
ī˹֣ˣòû뵽һ͸֣ĳ۸
ûǾ¥ٶī
īɲ񵱳ˡ
ƽ̼ĸ֪¥Ƴ˼Ʋˣ׬¥ٶīҲҼۣڱص֮һ
ҿạ̊́Ҳһ̼ܹȵϵģ
ƽҲûһҸҽа塣
ʱīվΪƹƽкãΪ˳
ݺ⣬ˣ
˺㲻ٶԣ׷װĿͶλվǰ鿴ɹίȴǵĵ
ǼƷƵ۽簡Ϸ̾Խţ֯ŮȵŻԽϲ̲ס˵û뵽ܸܲоţ֯Ů֮ľ飡ľղ֮ģ޲ûؼȥϸƷ
ϷҲͷЦɩӸ뵽һȥˣɹ۵񹤻⾳ԶɹԽԽԡֻϧΪܲأľͷ񲻾ͿԳþõղˣ
ôһȤΧ۵İǱܸӵЦ
ĻϷ˲ûмű̬ߵչ̨ǰϸϸڷŵɹԱһ²ſڵλţ֯ŮȵŻ᲻Ӧ棬񹤷ǷըϲȵҲʮ֮ɹǵ֮ĵһ
ʲôõһѩñöˣĽ
Ľѩֹ仰Ѿٵ˵ˣĽѩʮΣϷ˸񣺡Ϸˣò£ʧϷĪҪ⣡
޷Ϸ˵˵ͷĽѩͣפһ£Ȼ󿪿ڵȻ飬ɹֱһ£ôҼ֤һǷʧƫģ
˵գߵչ̨ǰָڵһۡ
Ƕڵϰ֮һӦ֮԰չ̨ĵһλΪȻ񹤲ʮ㣬붼˳չľϵʮˣÿ˵Ķʮֻǣɹ̫Ҫ͹ԳĻ֣Ժؼһ㣬۵ʱ򣬻Ķ뻮һܻʤЩ˵еĽиеͣԲһֻԻʤĶ飡Ϸ˵ԺζĿĽѩһۣȻڵڶɹ
ãǼΪİϡ޿ޣҲ̬䣬ֻΪ̫򵥣λӵڶ
񳯷ʤ෱ӣʮģɵ񹤺Ͱȴһ
Ϸ˵ĵԭ̫ɹƷİҲ˽Եɣķڷ
ڣƾţ֯ŮȵŻΪɹĵһΪڶΪλ飿Ϸ˵󣬻һܣȴ˵
·񣬹ƽŷ
һû˷ԣϷתԺ˵λˣϲˣ
˵ţǰʮӵݻȥ
ʱϷ˺ͽϷҲǰ˵ŹصĻȻ֪ͨڶ͵ڶ콱Ʒ
ɲһ֪ͨ˱֪ǵڶ͵Է콱
Ϸ˺ͽϷ˲첻ѡ
⶷ɹǸͷıǰŮӶ֮ƣ¼ڴƽֲϡ
ڣȻ˵θԸ콱
ҵڶ͵뿪
̫Źˣ
˶ԵʱΨϷ˲źۼĿһ۸ղĽѩ͹誵վλá
ȻѾһˡ
չýɹ߿ȡдãҲί
ڣڶ͵뿪ɹȻҲһͬҪˡ
ϷѯʺɹҪδʱԴ󷽵ıʾί
Ϸһ˵̫ˣͲĽţ֯ŮȵŻؼȥˣлˣ
ʱѾƵֵǼڲᣬҲ֪ơ
ܵýϷ˵ϲƵҡƿĴ
ϷҲȤ˵Ҫûؼȥģ˭֪ȴȡ
ˣպҪڼаͻ磬֪ǷпգϷͻȻʵ
Ϸ˺Ϸ¶ȵı飬ƵҲһ˿ϸ΢ı仯
ͻȻúһ㶣΢һͷ˵лϷ˵룬һᰴʱǰġ
Ȼ֪ϷΪλԼȻƽ򿪾¥ˣȻҪһЩӦ꣬ʶһЩûд
ˣɷ񷽱ַѾ߸ӡϷ˻žŮǵɣһһж
Ʊ㽫˽˵ĵַ˶Է
˽ˣơԭǾ¥㿪İϷǰһϵʱ׹ȵĴźơ
ϷҲ˵ȥ¥ԹһΣ񻹵
ŶɩȥԹɷ˵˵ϷԼҲо¥ȻϽ޲ڵľ¥ʮֺ档
Ϸ˾ͽԼ˽˳Щˣζһһϸϸ˳
ƲûһֱվԱ㣬Ϊī֣Ȼ£λϸ˸˸뿪ˡ

341īĺ

ƹī˸ǣʵڱǸ»ϲ;¥֮ǡھ޷ϻأδԺϲĳһֱβѣ
ٶҲˣƹΪϣвʤмƱʾԼ⡣
īգƯĵۿһͻȻһЦ˰ˣһǲҪ秵˵ˣ̫Źˣ
Ҳáٶ𣿡ֱ⡣
īףҸط̸ɣ
ȻˣȥҵǶȥ˵һҲīɴӦ
īرˬЦ˵Ҳһȥĸк
Ⱥ֮УһǺӵֿܳƵĵطվš
źƸЩӦ꣬ǲ֣Ϊ֪ԼóӦˣһ˵ʲô鷳
ǸƯСʲôˣƺһվһ˵ѯʵ
ûô뷨ǾŮܲףѾףһӵ˵̫ʡ
Ҳʶ˵Ҫҹȥ
ϵܣãٶңչƴֶŮеҪ̸ƹ֪ʱվߣЦǺǵĽһλӵݣȥŪеСԲǵӣѽ⺢ӳÿãүүЦһ
ģƺλ¥ٶҳԼ߹
վ֮󣬺ȸ˽һīݣȻָīһһԼļˡ
Ĵкֱ֮˵ٶҪ̸ҿҪȻȥˡٹһһȥ
һȥɣÿҲ࿴ˣûʲô˼æ˵
ղŷЩѾȫû˼£ؼˡ
ǣһ˱㲻ٹ֣˾¥
ϡѾЩ˵СԲͺϻصԺīƹһ˾¥ãȼ͵̸¡
ˣҲȦӣϻ⡣īżɽĵ⡣
ʮֲ죺Һϻʲô⣿
ҵĲƺҪ˺ϻɣ
е˼īЩΡ
ȻҺƺȻ̹Ҳ˴ھǵ˵˳
ܽƵĲףļҾ¥ӯɿķ˱ɹүүߣΪûиͱӰȥ˾ңҲȻƵںϵֵܾʱű°ӣͱ
СǰĶҼһһֻ۱һֻۡԭܼ򵥣ºͬҲ֮һЩСӦպȥԸļ裿
̳սǹʤֻҪԼõǹ룬һ·С
֪൱һĬĹֻҪ£Сֻ֮Ҫֳ֮ôС
˵˾ռߣɶƵī˵Ϳˡ
ԭҲǹ˽ˣǸ˭᣿һ˭ԸϺȵİ˵ˣĶ̭˲
ǣīٵĳΪĵףһ̭֡
˵ȻһֱԱ̭Ҳ˵ȫûлᡣ
һóǧӸ̭СԼȥѰ̻֮ɼôطңμӼ̳˵Ķλ֮
һᣬīȴϣ
ǰԼ´ο϶ԼԼҲһˣʤ˵֡
ͨԺرɴĴǧ뿪ǣһʱܵƽҺƺ
û׼¯ˣ
׬˴ǮϱҲϡٻȥߣҪ֪ī뿪ҲУʱһȥҶȥīԽ˵Խ𾢶·𿴵ԼҪѹԼĵϵֵһ㣬˵ԺǵıǻֱǵӪ
ĿǵӪǲҵ𣿡
Ҳ̳в˼ҵ˱ˣ˵ˣǵ⣬ҲҸ˵үүļҵ׺أīȻİڰ֡
Աߺöˡʲô˰Լ̳в˼ҵҲñֵܼ̳𣿾ȻҪԼҲҵ⡭Ҳ̫治˰ɣ
һʱ֮䣬ЩǣôƻʶƷв˵ˣУŮ˺Ȼ϶ᱻԷ˵ģ
ǣںƻûпڱ̬֮ǰȿڻؾˣӣǼСҵСֻ밲ֵַ¥úùӡ˵ĺϻ⣬ֻûǸɣ
ǣǸƾ˵ı£ҪѾ¥ұ⡣Żؾĺг⡭īһܾɵˣվԼĳ⣬ǧɣÿҷֺСʱֻ˾ͺãĶұ֤һ׬
īһָͷ˻Ρ
һӣﵹһԼˣ̽ʵһǧ
һǧʲôȻһˣīתͷһԲĺƣˣҸֱ˵˰ɣ׼ڱ߳ٿҾ¥ʱֻҪָ˾У׬˵Ǯ֣ûĻھͿд飬ӡ
ĳˣ
˵һǮóֻҪƾһֳգÿǧӣ
ĺ£붼룬оһ
ʱɫƽĿˣҲͬ⡣

342½ӣ

Ȼͬˣھ͡ī˵һͻȻӦʲô㲻ͬ⣿Ϊʲô
ĸ֣ˣ
ԼôõԷûɾܾ
Ȼͬ⣿

Ȼƽ˵Ҿòʡ
ôܲʣԼǺīҪˡ
Լĳȫϣǧ糾͵ĸϲһ¾ͽ˵ߣȴԷô赭дľܾ
˭˭ܵˣ
ī̲סƹϣԼƹ԰æ˵˵顣
յԼٶҵ񣬺ƹвɷѡ
һû·ٶңһǼ޳ȥԶֶŮ
к򻹺ãûУԼǿǣҲð
һ£ƹЦƣưٶĺг⣬ȱæһڻؾʲôʵĵط˵һûʲôеİ취
԰ǲǶԷֺ첻⣿𣿡īҲ˵͸һ˿ί
̲ס̾
ڵʲô⣿ҪһС¥ܡ
Ҳ֪īô¡
Լϵܺ𣿾ȻҪԼϻ￪¥
Ƿֺ¡ƺΣҿҾ¥ֻһʦҡһҾ¥æù𣿡
ˣǿԹͳʦֻҪ֮ǰѲ׽̸Ǿͺ˰īίͰ͵˵
ҡҡͷ˭ܱ֤һֱܹƳ³£˭ܱ֤ײ⴫жٸŵùĳʦܱ֤ǲᱻǽ𣿡
ĸʱīƻˡ
ӾǻԭԴҵģ˺ƹ֮⣬ûмĸ
ǳʦԭ¥Ӷģ˭ܱ֤ԷΪʱӶˣľ¥ҲƳһģһƲˣԼ¥ȻܵӰ졣
ԼߺòȴΪ£ҪѪˣ
ǡô죿īʱˣͰ͵źƣˣҿǲԶǧͶģɲܲҰѾ·ˣѵĿͶ·𣿡
ʲôǧͶ·Ͷ·ģ
ƺһ䣺߲Ͷ·йϵ
ڼ
ĪԼͶһ˵ú񲻹ǲһ
˵׾¥Լи֪֮ģīˬԼĲףԼǩ飬ֻԼûô׬Ǯ
Ҫ֪ƥﻳϸĵĶԼ˵ûʲôɥĲ
̧īͺƹ۰Ͱ͵Լվˡ
˰ˣ
Ҫϻ⣬ԼƷǸӪҲʡȥ˺ܶ鷳
ǺҲǲԣÿ¥ô鷳ƶ˶٣ԼĿ˵˳ҾȫԿӣɱͣ㾭ӪҿԶʱڸ߳ǣرҲ졣
ӣī΢΢ü
ô־ģò˵İɣ
ƹҲɻʵƣѵ׼𣿡
ǲˣǽˣ˵ǵһ£ȥȡƷ
¥ĳһЩõֳɵĽˣպóīͺƹһ
ֿζĽˣһ΢ģһġ
һ̳̳ڴϵ˸֡
óӣƷֱֿζĽ˶гһЩȻ󽫽̳¸Ǻ÷˻ȥ
Ӧ߲ޣֻ˺ܲƹϡ;⼸֡
΢ģģе̣ǳƽ˶󣬵ݹӣʾīͺƹƷ
īкںĽԳɡ
࡭ǳԺ֣֮
￴īͺƹԥŲӣĴߴٵ԰Ľ˿ɺóˣر·֮ǰ¥Ŀ˶ʱһСθܶ˶ܲܵأƶûͬ⣡
ôܻӭ
ƹīһ˵Ȥ׷Ʒ
ףǡī䲻ûгԳʣһƹش
ܵƹϣڻƹϺۣûлʱժġ
ޣ֪īͷֽʣµСƹϸ׽Ʒζ¶Цݣˬڣζ֣ƫƫرθ˳˻ԡ
΢ҲܺóԣҸоھܾ̽˳ȥ뷹ƹԵ΢̡ﲻֽͬȫһ飬ʱ޲ڡ
ôһ˵īѿ΢̡
ţȻóԣԵҶЩˣī۷Ź⣬ʶ˵гʵˣЩҪòԺԱã
һʮ¾Ϳڱʱ䣬ǶĻԱ¡ļʱԶ̣ǿ취ܷƴ
£ī˶ʱˣЩܣ˼콫Щƺãôһ춼Գԣ
ǵġƵͷ
ī̲סͺƹһۣȻ˷ܵվⲽ
£½Ļһ죡̫ˣֱ̫ˣīת˵ƸǰֳһԵϣ˫Ŀƣˣ⽴Ȼֻ£ֻҪ㹻Ľˣұ֤һͽ߳ǣܻ𣡡
ǰֻһҲԿ׬ˣ
뿴һ͸£ȴ׬һӯʲô
ī˷ܵҪУȻ첻ҲƹȻֵԼעһ
˵ˣƶȻڡ
īһ㶣˷ܾʱһ룺Ķˣѵ⽴鷳ôࣿ
ֻ¡ЦЦҵѾʼоֲˣʱҲͬʵ߲ˣԽȫһļڹӦ

343ɹʧԣ

ʲôʲô
ֻ£һļṩ
ˣˣ
ҸͻȻֱֲ
ī໡ؽгȻƲסԭ£˵ϴ˼
Ǹٶʵ̫ˣԲŻЩʧ̬ƹæͣԼҲ̲ס˵ֿЦ
￴״īЦĺƹ񣬰˼Ŀôٶҿ̫Ƶģ
֮£ƾ͵ˡ
Լ˱裬һߺһߵȴīͺƹƽ
˺һīƽȻһֱţôִַͷˡ
ϾҪܼú̸
ٽˣīЩ죬˷ܣ·޲ߣӴһ
ƽ٣Ҿ١
ȷֹīɡ
ƽ˵ҿؽȻйˡ
Уý˵طйīԡ
ƺǺһЦᣡ
طйҲѣ֪ôΣ
н
ĽͲֻ࣬˽Լʹãûۡ
ţīˡ
ʲôط֪ôһ㶼ģѵôűѧҲ
ðɣ˵ȫȨֻʱÿҶһˡīܹ˵
Ƶ˵˵ȲһκֹǰͶʡƸֺ۲ԡ
īһͷˮ
Ƽ״ֱӲ񣺡ɣȻȥϸ׼ȴЩʼ޵ֱ̣װÿҵĵ̣װʲôӣԤÿȥٽ۶١
û˵꣬īѾԴˣæģˣ˵㣬Ҹֽʼ
̨бīֽ⣬ԼȥðɣŬŬ졣
īҲúƹæԼͺܻȥùȻˮĥī
㿴Ϊûиӵܵɡ
ңĥīʱҲûţ˼ղź˵Ļ
ֻǧӣڱ߳ǵķضĵ̣ҲѹֻһˡīţͻȻԼǧĺٰѹã
ƿյӣӲ⣬ȰЩⶼǺãи³̳˵ǰͶʵӣͰǧﻮɣ
ǧī㵵ۣѵҪǧӣǡҡ
ֳǮֳˣǻҪԼʲôԼô˼˼Һϻﰡ
뵽īǺ˵ҪĻֻҪռͺá
ʵԼռ˴ˡ
ôֺԺ˵ֻ뿴ûʸҵĺϻˣƵȻ˵ָָϵֽ˵ǡʱ䣬ýԺд³ҡĻ̸ˡ
ȻҪǾó¹̬
̸ܶʱܻЩ˵ܲ˼ѡܿìܵĻ⣬ŬһźгաΪպЩìܱԽԽŷʱ̱һʰ
˵ǰ棬³̶ãչ˭ҲҪԽߣڳúչ
źһ˵ţīԹԵſһһֵдͻȻ⻭̶Ӻϵʱһ
ղź˵ЩʲôǰͶʰʲô۲԰һֶⲢΪŮ
뿴ĴĹӸŮǰԹԵĸѧƵģɼŮıж
ΪףΪ٣
һ죬˽͵һֱ;ﻹһ͡
ƽҲͬƻͨ
һǽϷ˸ϡ
ѾߺС˴ŵڸȥƺѰʲô
𸮵ĹܼҼһӺЩС˺ҴңҲСϸ˷ƢǶȥ
ЩС˺Ѿӿ첽Ѱš
ǣƾǽѰ˺ü飬ҲȻûҵʧĶ
ܼҵɫԽԽѿսϷ˵֪֮ŭҪ֪ǽϷ˺òҪˣϷյһأڶˣν
ǣö˶˵ģôƽ޹ʵĲأĪǸܼзֹͷסˡĽ˿Ųϣ׷ܼҲ̡
һ͵Ƶĵطһ̺Ժ᷿
Ǽ᷿ϣȻһɹ
ɹǡǽ𸮶ʧţ֯ŮȵŻᡣ
һֻ޳ָ̳ܲɵ֯Ůָᴥһ֯Ůգᣬ·¾һ㡣
֯ŮţɱС
Ȼ̵ܲģıٶΪ棬·һСһ㡣
ֻţɳýüĿͦʮֿɱȽΥ͵ǣţɵĴȴһĨЦżƦһӾƻţԭ
Һõʱ̵ʱţɺ֯Ůִֶ˲ûע⵽ţɹĴǣ͵ƾΥһ㣬Ҳҵ顣
ʱǷܰεͷͳδ֪
ơ᷿еţᡣ
᷿ڻˣȻᷢܲɵţɳþȻ᷿ǸӵһģһǹʱƦЦмơ
ͬһʱ̣̺Ժ᷿Ȼŵƣȴû˯
˵ӸҴҹȥ͵һɹѵˣ
ѵ㲻֪ɹĸģһĸˣ
Ǻοأ

344¶ʶĸ

Ϊǰһ˯Եڶʱʮû
緹ʱϼһ٣е˵ƣҪͱȥǶˣϢһɣ
ɲСѧҽһҪϸˮ֮Ժ£ҭʳ˵ԼĺϣѧϰҲһ
ʵ㣬ʲôҭʳ
˼Ϊ±ҭţԾͲԷˡƲûֱӽǱں壬ֱͨ׶Ļ
ϲɹЦ˭ôɵȻԷǶôѽ
԰ҭŲԷǲǺŻˮˣƸĻ˵ЩǲΪ³⣬ˣͲȥСʧţСʧ˼Ǽ֥鶪ϣ˵ĶĶٰ
Ӧüϣס
ͷԣС㲻ҪǸ֥ˣҪϣΪһЩ¾ж˶ѧϰ𣿡
ţصͷ
ͬĬĬĶԻапѹֺôСͱѵõĶԭʱ̵Ľ̵ţǺø
νϸ
ʱճһһεСн̵ӣԶֻڿЧҪõöࡣ
ͬʱҲԷʡԼƽոϿεʱûͨȤıԷȤ⡣
Թʰһ±׼ţ˭֪ȴϷɵѾԼ
õʮֿķۼ㣬δл㣬ֽȾϵķɫӦ˴˴Ϸ˾ٰͻ硣
дʱص㣬˵ƿԴһýͬȥ
ѾǰӣΪҪ͵ġ
ֻ֪д£ȴ֪ôͶ٣˰͸ǸѾߡ
ڵ˵Ҳʲô
ǰһǮ۵Ҫ
۱ˣ۽Ҳͬˡ
ϸѾһƵĴͣʱϲʤգæлл˵ͣ
ԭΪλ˸մӴᵽϣûʲô棬϶֪д£˭֪˾Ȼô󷽣һ¾ǰӣȥһ˵϶ҪЩԭΪԼ˸µѾĽˡ
ϸѾϲ̵ˣҲûжֱӳŲϴҡ
¥ϴҲԶÿе߹ȥȨɢˡ
ңңϴסӿͣڳԯʮ־ƻû߽˱ͬʱ˹
ִľúƸоܲӿŲ׼ٴԴȥ
˭֪߽ǰĳӳԯԾ£ںƵȥ·ϣʵǺˣΪ£
񾭲ɣʲôë£
ǿǸ䣬ԻṦ򣬺ֱȥ
ˣҪ
Ҹϴ򿴲ģƽĴ
·жǷѣΪβȥҽݡ
ʹõĹ˴βˣ˵ֻиϴΣֻܵŰݷáƳǰָָʣǺˣΪεҵ·
ʹõĹ˴뵽ϴȷʵںʹùʱĻ
ֻǣԺƵ⣬ûлش𣬶˵Ҽڸϸϰݷãڴ˵ԵƬ̣
Ӱݷã͵ð
˭ôų
˵ˣʦԺ䣬ƾʲôʦлͣ
ĪǣʦЮ֣Σգ
ƵĻľˣ˵ʲôˣƾʲôסңÿҪҸϴ򿴲ֻܾҵ
˵ҼڰݷøϣԵȣĪҪüͷ˵
˭֪ɤԽĴ󣺡ƾʲôҿҲ˵ǲǰѸϴˣԲŲҹȥ˰ɱ
ͻȻ͸Сò˼˶׷׽һС鿴
Ǹˡ
룬λһлǿ϶ˡ
Ĳ˵Լ²Ӳˣ
뵽滹ڼеĸˣ񽥽
ͷ΢׼ִκʱӾͷԺͻȻˣһλС̽ͷ
ƽ㣬Ȼ㣡үүջ˵ˣҳأٻĿ۾һЦ֡
ӦһȻǸ򣺡ÿ
򣺡
㵹˵Ϻ찡װʲôˣ
ȻևNɪô£ղžͲڵϴ
ޱĳ򲻵࿪·ùⲻǣλˣղʧˣϣ˲Ҫһʶ
ӣλ˺͸ԼϵŮʮ죬ԼǰڸϣΪԼȻȥɿ𣬻ӵ£Լ̣Ҫɱлˣ
ҿԲһʶ᲻ʶҾͲұ֤ˣƺһͷ߹
ҪˣʲôжʶһһǱʾ
ƲŲǸ飬͹ˣƫƫ¡
˵ղŷĸкֻ¸ᾪʦ˵ûҪ·ڵȶأ
Ҳ֪⳵е˭ȻŰ裬
δ߽ϴԺӣƱѾΪĶʦķÿӡ󲻺ˡ
ƽ㣬үүдļһôܾǶߣƤɺˣᣡٻźƵĸ첲СԹ
ģ
΢ʵʶͷܴ󣿡

345²˹ʺԳ

Ƶ⣬ٻһ˿Ȼɫ
ҲͷжҾǲԸ˶򽻵ٻֹţǰλÿ͵ݺСƽһ顣
誣ŮҲǵʺŮ
ĽѩŮ
ξڣϴ󽫾Ĵӡ
ϹٴϣϹҵĵմӡ
һ룡ȫȨ֮󰡣
Ǹ誣ȻǻʺŮǲǲ
Щ㶯СָͷͿҪԼǾԶ֮ĺã
ƴûҪЩ˽ãһһССľ¥ϰ壬˼δؿϣһǣˮôɲȥ˵׼챻ǣˣСĪĶˡ
⣬Ÿٻ߽á
˭֪սţûüϴʺãһ𣺡ôˣ

ܶ찡
̧ͷһʱˡ
Լĸһǲ˹ʺһԳడ
ôĶǣ
ĸ˲ڶɹҲŮ
ȥô죿
ǲ
ˣӰɣ
һ˲䣬˺ö˼붷տûǸԵŮһۣŸϴ򹧾񣺡ʦˡ
ţպмλ͸һ¡ϴͷ΢Цָ̧Ľѩһһ˽ܡ
ƲʦΪҪ˽ܸԼȻʦô˱Ȼ⣬Ҳʣֻòĸʺã·ûһ㡣
ιװģˣǵĵһһûأװͰ͵ָź˵
ǵĵһƲĿҲμӶɹˣ֪һƷΪν콱ʱûм㰡
誶ʱǺ
Ƕñ͹ȥģԭ¶¶˳Сӵгʶ˭֪ƧĵطȻϳ˰ϣ˵Լɹȫ˰ϵĸ񹤺һ㡣
ɳܵǣֻ˵
ʲôȥ϶ᱻǸ˵һгЦĽѩˡ
˭֪ɽתˮתڶڸϴĸۡˣ̫ùˣ
Ƶʻյĵۣ˭ϡƽƷΪƵû棡
Ǻǡƻ֡
ܾһЦƺʲôĺ壬㲻ĵʵôЦʲô˼
ʺĸϴ˵˼аȴٻش˸ϴ򣬵ݹȥһѯʵ
ʦԵ޹ʰ⼸˽ܸԼʶѵҪǶԼҫҫ
ȣȣϴͽܵ񿴵飬εĿ˵λӾǸҽģ֮ʦΪܰһԸ
룡ԭ˰ڻԼͷϣ
һ᲻æ
¶һȻ֮ɫͲ
ϴĻĽѩ˵Ŀˢˢ˺ƣϽԸֳŵı顣
ϴΪĸʲô취
ϴĪ˵Ц
лɣǺԸϴҽԸǾԲϿЦġ
ȻˣǾ͹Ḿԣûôͣ
˵ע£ɫȻ£һԡ
ιô˵סźƺ
ֵü˵ʲô
˵㵽ҪҪǡ֣ͻȻ˵ˡ
ΪͻȻʶһ£ѵԼҪȥպģ
ЦЦĿ˵ʲôˡ޶ۣ̫
ԱߵĸٻһЦ˳ϴֺЦҡҡͷ
誱Ц߳ŭ뷢ƢȴĽѩֹˡ
㣬֮ǰ֪ǸϵͽܣеĽѩϸĸ
ȻĽѩ˵ƫƫӡܲãȵĹ誻Ҫϼ֡
誽ԣʹȻŮǼΨһĵŮܳ谮Ը񡣿ǣ빫ֱֱȥԸ氡ϲϲᣬһĿȻЦMMP
Ľѩ
·ɸɴװٻŮĻأ
ʲôظаǲ±˲֪ŮһԼĻòɧң
˭ţô
װǰλĳЩǣԭǲױ磬˭ʶ˭ĳЩǷҪīϿ֣ʵʵģúõ˭ôʵⲻǴ˵𣿸Ͳڶͷдϡǡĸʲô
ڣĽѩں׵װƷ
ľñǸղŹҵʱȥˣ
Ա߿Ϸĺܸ
ǲǾðѹ誳ͷǹʹպÿ춷ɹ˵
ޣα
ţҲʽЦĽݹˡһССĴãûô
ۡٻĲˣ͵͵Ĵָ
һߣϹٴ¶ŭɫƼֱϷˣԼˡ
ξһ˿Ц⣬λŮʮȤ
ûôĽѩסˡ
Ҫ˵ĽѩҲڼǲŮǸˣȴûôơ
⡭⻰Լôӣ
ЩŭƵĲʶ̧٣ĽѩȻɫֻЦ˵˵Цˡ
û˵Цûı߶֪ưͷҡø˹һаҿܲ𣡸Ľݹ󰡣
ĽѩԣȻöԷֱԼܲòӴҽʮš
ޣҽʮߣ㻹СأѾˣǴʮ껹ûм˵ĺټأЦе˵

346а취

˵Ķʲô
ʮͼһֵýΪʲôԼӲһ˿ҫ˵úԼʮŻ޹Ǽ޲ȥƵģ
ĽѩǸ˼ˣ˺ƵĻʱ˵ĺû˵˼ͨͨ˳һʱ֮Щۡ
ʲô˲𰡣誵ûôֻ࣬ǵúƵЦݺܴۣ̲ס
Цŵͷţûʲô˲أ
Է˳ԼĻ˵ˣ誻Ǿúܲˬһʱ֮ëʮơ
һԶ˿·磬ٻļֱݵòˣҪǳϲԣΪƹƽкã
ʱϹٴ̲סˣ˵ҪȥǸһ˵壬ʰʰϽ߰ɣҸ㣬ܸ˵ĸ֣ץסλᣬ˵һӴ󸻴ʳǣ
ǣȻ
ŤͷͻȻµĴϹٴһ
Ϲٴϱòڣʵ㿴ʲô
Ҿǿ㵽ôͣڿӦƵ˵
ϹٴȻԸ嶯ԴϻǹõģԷڷԼ󣬶ʱŭ죺֪ˣ֪֪˭֪֪ȥҪ˭
֪йϵ𣿡ס۵ĳ嶯΢Ц˵ֻǸ֪ˣʲôʲôᣬ԰ﲻǵæ˼
൱ֱӾܾˣ
Ϲٴɫһ䣬ʶԼǻ£ʱϢģٶԺƳԲѷ
˽ڣҲڳһû̸ļƣձʮΡ
ʱһֱ˵ξڿˣˣλ˵ܲãǵ̫ҽ޲ߡʵҲǷ˻ʺģǲܽ˵ãֻ²ý
ʲô˾ȻûʺҽĻа²⡣Īǡǻӣ
һ˲ңֻ١ҮһСĻ빬أ̫ɣˣ
տգˣȣ˵ȿɳ
ƣľУⲻȣֻǵŵôͷˣ
ξ˵۲źƵɫ˼֪ԷԼĻȥˣǼ˵ʲôǣ˵Ƕᾡġ
аƺ˵һҲŸѧҽãʦ֤Ҳܱ֤һܹù˵壻ڶҼҾ¥һӣҲ뿪ƽ򣡡
ξڣ
Ϲٴϣ
Ľѩ
誣
ܾʲôξҲƵѪˡղŻΪԷȥԼĻ濼ǣ鿼˰컹Ǿܾ˰
ξЩ۵Ķźƣ˼ʲôܴĿͬ⡣
Ͼ˿°ɣȻ˵˻ʺʵϻʺҲûּּܲûУֻǿͷϵһ仰ˡ
˵ˣǵ֪˾Ż屧ҪûһԼĽѩǣͷԸµ뾩Ѱҽ
ĽѩҲԼ鵽˸ϴټŸҰ£˭֪˴ƽȴ˲ӣϴȻ˵ԼΪһټͽܡ
ɵǣƫƫǰһǻ˸ϴͽܣ
˭뵽ôɣ
ĽѩԼ޹һҧҧ˵ãҽģʲô;ܿ벻ҪϷˣǡ
Ҫк㣬뵽ղź˵ԼСǷӲ˿ڣøζˡ
ûϷˣǣľǡһ档
ȻɴĽѩı飬ԽԽкܲµõԷ϶ˡ
ܺãֻҪܸ£Ҿˬˣ
ĽѩҭĹǺξ΢Щ̣˵ˣܵù˵ãǵãҲû˻ھ¥Ҫ¥Ъҵһʱ䣬ʱʧ˫⸶㡣㿴Σ
ǽ̬ƶξڵ̬ȻǱȽģ⣬ȴͬԷ˵ġ
˵Ͳ֪ﰡǸӿԼԴģ
ʱʵۻ߻ʺŭһϴ󽫾ĴܱסԼ
а
̶ѨԼԴаŻȥ
вУ¥ЪҵҡԴһûı飬Ҫ֪ÿ컹мʮҩҪͣغ˵أܲҶ⼸ʮ˵ܰɣ
ҩˣƭ˭أĽѩϹٴϵıʱסˡ
ѿڰ仰ֱӺ˳
ˣƲķʣҩûô棬ܾˣǧȥǸ
˭ôǧģǳŸϴĺòã調Żˣƫƫû˵Ϊǿɲȥ
ΪʲôôѲ˵Ůӣ
ô죿
ҪץˣƫƫֲڸϵĸۡĴ֡
ˣ鷳ǶȦˡʲô취˵ɣξĵ̾˿ԼСƣɿʵ
һ£˵ʵ취ҲûУͿûģǲҪ˵ˣ
ʵ£ɸղŸϴȴźۼĳʹ˸ɫƺʾ¡
Ĳ뿪ƽ򣬸ȥôԶľǰ
ǣһеİ취
ʲô취Ͻ˵課ͷĴߴٵ
Ƶڹ誺ĽѩǻĽݹĳӦòɣ
˲ǻɹμӶɹӦöǾͨյİɣ
ȻΪò֣ջǲġȻѩ㣬ѷһ
ĽѩҲ΢΢ͷǫѷ˵пɡ
Ǿͺðˣ֣ȻˣλѧҩŰɣѧˣǾͿԻؾԸλ˵壬Եøг⣿λתˣ϶رмǵģ

347һӣ

ѧҩָŻУ
誺Ľѩ۾ʱˡ
ôû뵽һаŻĳҩŽãڻʺǰǳˣǻʺ飬պգôδ·Ҳ˳ࡣ
Ըҩţ誼ʵ
ĽѩҲһգգȴźƵĻش
ҼȻ˵ˣȻԸġҪѧҩţӦ̵ָͷ˻˻Ρ
ɫһ壬֪ûô״ӦȻ
誶˼ȻҪǣȻΪǵġĽѩᳶһ¹誵䣬ο
ȻҪҩţٳƺԷΪȻˣԺξһƺΪˡ
Ҫ˵Ľѩ˻Ǻܻ˵ִʮֺãֻĻ˵͸ڿʵϲ
ȷʵûҪ˷ѾȥΪֻҵĹأҾ¥ҪӪҵܲŪһ㣡ưĽѩ͹誣ȥҵĵ̾ҪҵĹأǲأǾͲҪҷǸϳˣ
ңҽ˲ľ¥誺üô󣬻û˭ҰϳŹ
ʼ磺ðھͲ𣡸պҲýǣһ޶ۣѧ˰껹ѧᣬǻҪң
˵˭޶ۣ誶ʱתעŭĺʡ
ƺǺһЦ˵˼Զ
뷢ȴĽѩ
ˣǲڴ˵صꡣܹѧ̡᷵Ľѩ̧ƣϸ˵ʱ䣬˵ȥŻӶκˡٻ˵治Ļû׼Żѹͦꡣ
죿ƺǺһЦаֻѧһҩţ׼ÿֻ˳ͬҩȷλ˲Ե£
ȷʵǸ⣡
˭ÿһĶֻͻ嵽ˡ
Ľѩһ£˵ѧʮ֣Ҫã
ҲҪʮ죬ĻҾͲ˵ˡ˵󣬲أҲռǱˣʮѧӳĻҲʱǮɴ㣬һڼۣһҩһǧӣʮҩһӣŲˣ
һôȥ誵ɴۡһµŶʮӣƽĻϲ˽óһӡ
ƲƲ죺С㣬ҩǶطÿһҩŶʦṩĲ˲֢оģֵǧڲطڸ㣬ְֽ̻ᣬһǧѾļ۸ˣŴǧӸһֳɵҩŷӣҶû
µʵ
иĸΪÿȡҩʮֲ㣬㿪ǧҪԵǸҩŷӣ˭֪붼ûܾˡ
±ڴƽ򴫿ˣͨϰն֪˽˵ҩŷʮֵǮҸŲ⴫
֮ԲΪƶҩŷжϣ¹ҩıҩſɲǵĶҩĺʳžãȺ˳򣬶ҶڻҲʮҪԼΪӶȥʱԷԳԼǿɾ͵òʧˣ
˷棬һܰϧëԸָԼĨڵ¡
誱ҭ˵ֻŤͷĽѩ⣺ѩ㣿
Ľѩʹû˵Ҳѡ
һӿɲСĿ誶ò͸Ůˡ
ʵĽѩȻھвɱϾֻǸŮ˵Щò֡裬вֻ¸ھ첻
ĽѩĬϹٴվ˳һҳˣ
ϹΪ̣ҵ׻Ϊģ
ϹٴϵմӵݣһӻЩѶȣֻҪԼԵɣЩΪ˸ŻβôӦû֧ԼİɣϾһȡʺһ飬ô൱ģ
ҪʵڲУֳһЩϾ󻰶˵ȥˣòһӿɾ̫ˣ
ϹٴͷĽѩ͹誽һ
Ϲٴϣ誴ֵĵл
Ϊ̣ͱԵһЩϹٴ˵ǲˣƫƫ˵ǹ誣ֲüƽϡ
һ˿ãϹٴϻЦ˵Ǳ˵ң
Ҳһ˳ӡﻹȻ࣬ҲǾһĽѩ˵һ˫ˮмϹٴϡ
һ˵Ҳ̫Сҳһǧɣ
ҵϹֶֻ࣬ܳǧԾ΢֮ξҲ˵
ôһգȻǧ壬˲ֵһ롣
Ϲٴϵѹʱ͵͵˿ЦãҪѩ誶ˣ
ǾӵܣһӾȻ˴һվɵóˡ
°ͣ˼ԼǲҪ̫ˣ
һǸ֪͸ĵˡ
ȿȣǸ˵һ°ƿ˵ע˻˵ˣһһǸղ˵շ⣬ʮҩһӡһϣѾĴɹʶˡ
ô죡˭Ĵɹʶˣ
ôһӺʹĺòã
Ϲٴ̲סĥĥ
誸ǲʵǸӣòʮҩŷأ
Ҿ˫⳥ǣƺԥ˵
ռѾҩϵͳͲŻòʮҩŷˣʲôЦ
ŵʱù޻˵ˡ
ڶҸղҲ˵ˣҵĵ̾ҪҵĹأʲôأȥҵľ¥ȻģǳӦעģ˺ܽԲȥǣЦǺǵ˵
ٻǿѵʱ̲סӡͻȻеͬھǺаԵĹô죿

348°ѧѧĸ

Ȼ˲̫˽ƣȻͷͬ⡣
ƵĿɨõҩĺʳĵԼǮСɽģһһʧһΣһ˷Һüӣǿˣ
Ҳܺ
Ľѩ˵Ȼû飬Ӧ
ȻҶûȻɸϴ˹֤ˣǩд飬ָӡ
誾дܷѾʺǲǲǣɺƻشĺܼ򵥣ʣӲŽǵģҪҵĻǲǩҲν
һľǩֻѺˣ
һǸӲģһҩţȻͿҪôӣʳĺҩĶԼǲǩ飬˵Ŀŷӣ
Ҫ֪γߵĲִ٣ѹûдƱʱһ·ԳԺȺټҪóһǧӣеƱѾûʣˣѵҪ޷ĵĻؾҲ̫ˣ
ΪԷһǩŵԺƱȽϺã
һʽݣһݣϴΪ֤һݣĽѩ˵ǷĽѩպá
뻳ʵյռԺ󣬺ƶ˵̬Ҳ˺ܶࡣ
ϾǸԼӵ
˿;ϵۣ
̬ȻҪλģ
ǣ˵ˣûʲôˣǶȥﱸӰɣʲôʱչһˣȥ˽ҡԺϾͰѧҩš
誣
Ľѩ
Ϲٴϣ
ξڣ
Ϊʲôһǩͱߵĸо
ҲȷʵҪŻȥˣǱһһϴ뿪
ߺ󣬸ٻҲ̲סˣ춯صЦ
ƽ㣬Ƿˣ̫ˣû뵽ھаԵԵĹǰһ취ûУ˵ʲôʲôʹ죡ٻڶԺƳݵĲˣ޲˹ȥڡ
ֵס㣡˵õŮأ
ҲûˣԴӻԺ󣬸ٻﻹǸǴ̵С⬣ֱԺȵĲУʱϴŶЩʡ
ϴεĿԼŮһۣȻԺ˵ȸ˵˵λ˵ȻǽͿʼо֢ҩŷӰɣ
ҲΪ˺ƿǡ
һͰӴչˣȴòӦҩŷӣʱһҺ鷳ġ
ŻõĲʵ첻֢֮
˵ʱʺžŻӵʱ˾û·ݾͽŻ첻㡣
ֲ֢֮ΣֻҪ̫أڼԵԽ
ŻӾĵѾɫ˭֪ʱźС̫ȴͨ¶
ֶҩʮְԵ˾Żӵ壬ĥһ£˼Ӱ
̫ҽǳµΣڽڵĶȫ˳ֻҪҩָ˭֪֮Żӱëû£ʳҩë
˵ϳҩϳԷԹԳԺ󲻵һӱȻ᲻ȫ³ʹ಻
͵¾ŻӵԽԽ
ϴʱûиߺλǾŻӣΪҲͬͽܾ뾩ǵǷǷǵУǣ
֢֮ʳٺٺ٣һ̲סЦ
ɰⲻǸ׳׳
ֻλǵĹ˱׳׳һЩȻò׿ֱ¶һֻĲ񻰣
о仰鲻ܲ
ǳθƢ඼飬ٶĴҩղʲôãһɸڷ
ǣгֵĺ˵ȫⰡ
ŵĻȥƽҿ׳׳
Ȼ׳׳Ȼݣɱ֮ǰ׳ʿ˲٣ҲûСôˣңСҲ⣬Ƥ˹Ϊ⣬ȴ󲮲㼤Ҫ¹ڶԺҶˣ
֮󣬺óԼרõ̿ʻ־дʮҩŷӡ
֮̿ʣȿȣԭҶ
ϾϴôˣΪƵëֿˣҲ̫ˣ˵ԩ޳ģҲ˼Լ鷨ݱʦ۾
ϴƾȻһдôҩŷӣЩԾҲλͽȻҽͨҩź˷Ŀƴʦ
ķɸѡ֮öʮҩš
ԭΪĽѩ˳ﱸôҲúü죬˭֪ڶǾȻʹһƱ¥ˡ
ƱˣʱʼǣʮİһƱ˦˺ǰϣһ˽ĸо
ֻǣƺֱǮҵĸо
ƱøЩɣź
˹İǵˤɢ˵ƱãȻһһź˶˵𼱱𼱣ȵ㣡潻ףһҪⷢᡣ
ôᣡ԰ɣӶɳˡ
ûмˣԼôӣȻһ㶼Ϊ飬ҵԼ˵ƱΪǻٸ
ۿŹ誵СƢҪƲסˣĽѩæס֣񰲸
ƹһӵ񫣬ȷϺһ֮ãҸǴîʱɣ
îʱ൱峿㣡
˺ʱô磡
춼ûأǲǹǰʮֻɺǹԼ֪Ѷˣ
ҲƵ˵îʱʼ׼ҩĺʳģ˴ҩĵķҿɲٵǣдֻҪҩţѡҩʳĶڷΧ֮ڣ൱ǵģǰѧѧ

349ͻ

誾ƼֱԼĿǣ
ȻΪÿԼһԣԷܰԼҭ
ΪҪղŽǣ㲻Ӧվͽ𣿡誱˰죬ҵһҲɡ
̧̲˵ðҸиӣܰЩҪõʳĺҩĶ׼ȫ𣿡
ΪλҪȥ׼Ǹ򻹲𣿡ֱ׳˵
ƵͷаֻҲҪʱȥ׼һ磬ǿԸҩĺʳģ
֮վǲզզأ
ٴΰ޷޵غ뿪ˡ
ʵǺԭܼ򵥣ΪϷ˰ͻӣȥ硣
ȻҪ磬϶Ҫ׼·
Ʋ֪λҪʲôӵ·ȥŲʧǰλʽᶼҪȻָʽɫPARTYҪˡ
˼ȥʱִ٣һ·϶ˣǰõ·óĶһ
ϼҼҴҵ鲼߳ǣϷϼҵĵλȻͻ磬̽˶ֱ档
ƽȻ󣬵ϷıȴûоڴƽҲӡ
ͻ綨ʱյ˶ʹãϼҡ
ϸĴſڴ˲С˺ѾߣͣС˱ǰкæųȥͣѾһ·Ժд͵ĵط
˾ְ˿ҡ
һϾܿϷμ֮ϣе
ƴԼǰ˰СʱϸΪԼĲȥ˲֪Ŀδ֮⣬˾Ȼˡ
ǲ̫ˣЩǵ·СѾߡ
ǸСѾ߸ͷߣԼʮ꣬Ц۾ģرϲɰ
ԣתͷЦ˶ˣῪʼأֻеĿҪҼϸ˶ຮѼ䣬ͨǰʱλԶĹͣΪӻ̫ϤԿҪܵˡ
СѾ߿治򵥣û˺Ƶӣش˺Ƶ⡣
ƶʱףԭ˼Ҳμ˶ҪǰʱЩݵλĲŻŵ󵽳
ˣ
Լʱ䣬е̧۵˼
СѾߵ˴͵ͥԺԺǽ˵Цʮ֡
ǣںƸСѾ߽ȥʱȴȻһ˵߶ۼ˺ϡ
ѹ˲䱶
ƿɲûˣ
ô˵ǰҲȶӴӳһСѧμӹȶԱʽͷš
££
飬ߵϷǰЦŴк
Ϸ˳˵ͷ¶һ˿Цݣˣ
ϷʾǸ·СѾߴ
ƵλðŵĺܿǰϷ˲Զֻ
λİҲнģݼ䱲ȥͨǵλϷ˸δĹԶһĵط
Ƶλ˿ǰ˲ɿʼǺηʥ
Ȼĺܶ˶δ˵ôһҲ֪ƽʱһңҲи𼸸ȥ˽ò͵ķϳ˺Ƶݡ
ڵ֪Ʊ˽˵Ķʱ񶼱ˡ
һ¿ľ¥ϰˣȻϷ˵ۣμϸһһȵͻ磡˹ʺˣ
˭ҲʶɾЩȤ
μͻ磬һǸϷӣǶʶһЩˣպ⣬ͻҲɢɢġ
˲֪Իͻ磬ʵϴҸͲģ
ܵ˶Щʲô⣿
ʲôԱȢһС檣ʮ꣬ò绨谮ĲˣŰ¶סС檵ķ˸
ŶԺɫЩŹ̧֣ŵһ΢ֵķȥ
ûϴĻǾԱҰɣ
ʱԱⶩ˽˳Էʱ򣬺Ǽ˵ġ
ȻƺҲԼ˼䣬֪˵Լлʱס
Щ˾̳ܲģһ굽ͷԼ๫أϲ˵˼ҵ£˰Ѳ豭һţ
䣬ղǸԵ𾢵ķɫҲѿ
๫æңûǸС檣λ˷༥
Ц˭֪æǼææ˶Ъҵˣûջؼңסĸذɣ
ò˵˵涾ר˵ʹϴ
λ类β͵èһ㣬ȻЩ񣺡û֤ݵĻɲҪ˵๫ûĸŮ̧ţǹ⴩һЩøǸʮСԴ𣿡
Ļ˲ɳȥ
˽ʮ࣬ȴźɫۣŷɫȹȫͲȷʵװ۵ɡ
һʱ֮䣬˷׷׽һ񣬰Цѡ
ˣôҲһظعƵĺã˱˵߿߳ŭĽ˶ԷĶ̡
һˣһɫ·ȷʵ̫ؾЩ˶ĵ˼֡
ͻϻãһһ໥ڳ˾ȻȰϷƵýζ
꣡ͻ磿
øֲˣֱϹôŵһ֣
Ƽֱ̾Ϊֹ
ΪǴͻȺȲ裬׼ĵط˭֪ԺȻȫԣһ˺ƴսֱʷ׳ʣ
һܣ˾У̲סԸ̡Щ֮ôμᣬòƽûеӺֻʵ̫ģԲѰ˸ͷٰᣬҺûԡӲǰĵ̸ʰɣ

350˽Ŀ

żֺǿԣ˾еȻζˡ
Ͱֳ²ߣȴǿĬĬš
о仰ô˵ţ
һɹ˱һĬĬ֧Ůˣ
һʧܵ˱ʲô̫Ůˣ
Ů˶ʲôǷǶ࣡
Ķǣ˺ƴս
ֱһŰˮ
˵ǧҪСŮ˵κˣ﷭
һ˺˻ֹڿˮսûжֵ˼ɰпìܳͻңûжϷ
ǣ豭˴յĺڻ裬ȻһССڳ
ˣǸհᵽϵôǰҴδ㣿ͻȻԱ߳һѹ͵
ƲͷԼֱλ泯Լ΢ЦҲԼ΢΢б
æٽеĲȥȻǣǽŰġ
Ŷ֪˼ʲôӪλ˺ʵ
һҾ¥ʵشҲòѯʶԷ֪ôƺ
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Ƶ˵ͷҼ磬ʮߡ
ޣ곤꣬д뺮÷Ц
˶Լͷ⣬ȻڽţҲ΢ЦĽе㣬պкƣƾС
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ҡͷǣҲ֪Եɡ
ʵϣϷΪҪ磬ܲ˵ԼǶɹεͷϷ˿ԼĲŻɣ
뺮÷Ӷ䣬Ҳûм⣬˺˵ķŬŬ죬С˵֪Һ𣿡
ҡͷ֮ǰԱһȥҼҾ¥Էֻһ棬֪Ƕʲôġ
ٺ٣Ҹ㰡Һҿ˵Աүү๫үүϲͬһŮˣҶȥףȴԱүүȢˣ๫үүһֱģרŸҹȥ˵һĳˣҲԸһϵͷ뺮÷ǸԵˣҺڰԼ֪Ϣˡ
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뺮÷ĽܣҲ£ʱ˺ܶࡣ
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˺ǰʶҿĵúܿİʲô¶˵Ҳôֺֺǣ
ԺܲѺãһ˿µζ
̧ͷһλⱦĹԼ
ԣûԼ뺮÷
ĪǳԼģ
Լѹʶ
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λݵĸ˰Լⱦ֪ĳԿ϶ҪԼԵʮָ󣬶õ
ʵʵ䷴ͷĽӣײ࣬Ҫ
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˭ҰҺĵҪܹһô£뺮÷˸ۡ
֪Լ뺮÷Ķ֣תߣŭĵƣ˵ҾͿ˸¥ʲô˽ˣ
һĪ԰λкָ̣
˭أݣֺƲƲ죬ҹһ䣬һ˽ĿҪʼˣǿͳߣһۣ
ʲô˽ĿһͷˮһܣڳĶŮˣͻȻһ󵨵Ĳ²⡣
տգˣĲ²⣡ӣаˣ
ƣһʲôû˵òã˵ˣ˭֪ǲЩŮӹ뷿įԲѰͷһҵӰ
տգˣտҷǳĸλ桭ܣأԾԲǸӣ
ƣðɣû˼
ΨһһаСϨˣƲЩȻζ̧ݣˣҲ˼ҼȻԼų֮⣬û˿Ϸ˰ɣ
㣡ݶʱǺЩĿϷһۣ׻ǲ̫ѹǲʶģҿǺȰ㣡һˣڶ
˵꣬ĻصԼλϣķ˽ʱʱָָ㡣
һֺö˶·ͻȻ蹷ҧ˵ĸо
㣬ղλ˵ʲô˼ʲô˽ĿΪ˱һĳ󣬺æС뺮÷̡
뺮÷һЦ˵˽Ŀʵǡ
û˵꣬ͻȻСѾµĿ߽ͥԺ
֪ȵ㵽Ŀ˱Ȼһʱ֮ڳ˶վ׼ӭλٵĹ͡
ҲŴվĳͥԺſȥ
·СѾ߽СѾλ֮ʱùŹ
⡭ǲ˹ʺԳడ

351ԭǴᰡ

߲Ǳˣ
Ľѩ͹誣
ĽѩȻһ£ɴ棬͸һ
һĶɫȹӣ°žͼشý߹գƤԽ͹Ե绨㽿޶Ŀ
Ľѩǹ誣ϴζΪ򵥡
ĽѩһΣϴһƤ𪣬ͬʳ˼̻һ㡣
ͷϲһΣǶһĴָ׸ǰСĶ飬
ϵĶ飬ֻûǧӶ²
ưһ죬ԼһҪˣ
Ľѩ͹߽ͥԺλϷվǰӭ΢ЦкĽݹ͹٣ϸ԰
Ľѩ΢΢Աл⣬ǵһûѶԷ
ڱ˹̬ѾϰΪμͻ˿ɾͲôˡ
Ҫ֪Ϸһߣô̬ȥӭ˭ǰǸѾߵķˣûȥӭӹڣȴӭλʮС
λﵽǺˣ
һʱ֮䣬ͷʡ
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Ϸϴ˵
ͳһ仰ĸλ˺͹Ǹ棬Ľѩ͹誵жˡ
ĴﰡҪ˹ϵԺԼھҲ·ˣ
ѽͷϵĽοÿǾеĿʽ𣿵òǮɣ
Ľݹ·Ưʲôϰûأ
磡ͬɫϾرƯ
ǿ϶ɣɾǲһ

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ЩΧĽѩ͹ߣŻĹάˣֻϣܹλϻ
ʲôˣСұľ٣Ưöˣ
ΧЩӬһ˵ģǷʤЩԹΪѩҪͬμֵ׵ᡣ
ͻ磡԰ӶЩͨĵòͨ¼ޱȵЩɫƷѵĻܶûС˵ͻôóʮѧʿԧڰɰ۰ʲôģЩؿɼͨɫʲô͵ģ
˸ۣЩ˰ӡ
ھǣѹסܵƧС調òŸκӣ
Ҽƥģ֪ĶƥϺõĲϸʱ˿ʼ誵סҪյŰݷˡ
課ͷķ˸ۣʲôòϣɴ𣿡
ɴλסȥͽṫ誰
ҡҼȻûɴкܶӵģϲΪ˲ʧᣬλ˼æǰ˴Ŭ̸
誱֬ˮζǺô˸磬æűµԶ㣡õʲôӵˮ۰Ǻˣ
ʵμϷͻķȻûʲô̫̫ôҲǸ֮ңӵˮۡ
⻰Ծڷ̶Էʵ̫ˣ
λ˱֪࣬˵ʲôá
˵Ŀⶼλϣֻ
ϸȥͽ˼ңã뺮÷Ц֧Сֹš
ķ˲ǱˣǸոҹ鷳ݡ
ҲεİҡͷҪͽҲҪúôԷϲúͱɵ㶵ǵĳȥȡ
ԼԣڳûȥͽĽѩ͹誵ķ˺٣ֻλ뺮÷ͺȻС
ľƲԶȥʱ򣬻ͷЦЦǴк
ƻ΢Ц뺮÷С쿴֡
һЩͽṫ誵ķ˾ͱһһ˻֮Ľѩˣ׶ӦЩˣˮ©ʲôû˵ȴֲһˡ
誵ԺĹ⣬ҪˣĽѩЦųЩ˵λ˻ȥЪᣡϷҶ˱ʱ⣬˭֪ȴ飬ѩ֮Ϸңλ˷Źǽöˣҵķͷ򣬵ʱǻᱻϷֵģ
һ仰ƤȸлϷˣֳɹȰЩˣжȣʮָ
Ѿͷ˭㰡ϷƺʶĽѩƵģҡͷʧЦȻ˵ˣȻˣǽֱӽɣ
䣬Ա߱վһѾߣЦݿĶ˵һϷ˿ѪóٺöڳǾģһʮϹأ۸ߵáλϸͳƣĿ͵λϡӶ¸°ʮԸλٰⲼʩϸĲ
ϸÿ궼ٰһĻʩƣĿá
ΪϸƷԴγãӶʵʵĵطֹǱؤ˶ÿ궼ϸʩؤҲڰʮһϹࡢʩƷ
˭˺»ϵϰնԼһˣˢڸкͺøжȵĺûᰡ
ϸͻôǴ֮͵Ҫԭ֮һ
ЩһĦȭƣ۷Ź׼Ȼ
Ǹղ˵˽Ŀɣ
Ϊʲô׵Ĵ̼أ
ԭǴᰡ

352ڲ루ĸ

һóƷǴϷ˵ļױѡģһλѹʻҵ漣
λҵֺûڳð۾ƶϳλһƷղؼֵ
Ѿո׼Ϊһӣ˸е



һ۸㱻һǧӡ
ǮƵǼ౨۵ķɨզࡣлԼҪ⼸λ̸̸ˣ
գ⸱ֻǧһӵĸ߼ۣ
ֻķ˲Ǳˣ֮ǰ˳òɿˡ
ţԱǸǮˣư½ۡ
˼СƷ۸񲢲ߣ඼μͻķǾģɣϲ߱ʲôղؼֵؾոȤ
һʼΪϤԺƲûв룬ֻԹۡ
ϤˣЩƷֲȤԻûв롣
뺮÷һǶź챦ʯ̽׹ЦԼ˴ͦÿġ
ʣƷʱ뺮÷ͻȻĵ͵ͽһȻŤͷʵӣƷ
ãȻҡͷ¶֪ôǰ׼Ʒأ
ˣ뺮÷һæͣϸÿһȵͻиĬϵĹأ붼ҪμӡҪô;һҪôһ֮һǮμӵĻ⵽˵ıӣԺûʸٲμͻˡ
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Ʒһһ磬һһ鼮
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ʱһ˽һǧ

353ҲҪֻ

˭ôᣡ
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˻һҪӼۼӵô𣿺еۣԥ
˵Ŀⶼۼϣƺȴ̬
˼ͷ·һվ˵Ķһ㡣
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¶֮еı飬Ϊġ
뺮÷͵͵קһ£˵⻹һǧӣȰϡ
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ĶԻ뺮÷Ҳĸ̲סЦûǮͱˣýӻϣ˼ұ๫֪㣡
ѽӣ๫֪˻᲻뺮÷ûô࣬ʱΪƵǡ
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ȱĲӣ๫Ҳ֪ǲΣԲżŶԼ뿪
ӺƻദĵεΣҶԼûж顣Բ²˺ܶҪ뿪Լԭ򣬾ܵıҾҪ¶ˣΪ˱Լ뿪
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һһƷûƣֵӣܲʲôԾɣʵ
ݿһϷ˺͹誣ЦŴȻƷһۣȻҲҪóټֵһӵĶͷοǲеģ
ƱͲ̫ϲΣƽʲôĺܲ㣬·ƫأԲһؾ䣬˭֪ȴ¡
Ҫһһۣ˵ͷʣóĶֵǮڳ˹ⲻ߼أ
˵»ϲᷢһοڵϷˣΪмǳ۵ˣϸ۲ϡ
ŤͷϷˣϷζ۵أһֻĳǧһӣó˱Ǹֻõģȴֻ˼ӣҲǿˣ
ģĽѩΪֻԶһ԰æʱĽѩ˵һ˫ˮӯӯźƣ·ƽİѽһ㡣
ȻһЦаɣô˵ҾͷˣҲҪֻ

354˭ֵֻǮ

ֻݷ·һЦ´˺һֻۣĶɱȥϵһ
ղűǧӣڶҪͨͨںϡ
ǲܣҸպô˼ֻأҡҡͷʵˣ˭ֻȽֵǮֵӣ
ֻ֮ȴʵ˵ײǡ
Ľѩзɿӹһ˿ɫһļֵɹ˼ȻˣĽѩͼ򵥵ľӰɣ
ѩ㣬˵Ҳõĳα˷ѿ࣡ƲƲ졣
誶񣡡Ľѩǳ⣬Ȼתͷ̬õĶԺ˵滭ӵĻһֵǧ𣬾áʮɡ˵ɣǳϣҪǧƽ𡣡
ǧƽǶӰ۾һ׷ʵ
п룡Ľѩ²ãһƽʮǧƽȻˡ
ͦ󰡣еĻֵ𣿡ƺʵ
課˵ôҲӵ漣
һأҪ˽˽ЦеĴ
調Կ˵˽⣡ӵ漣ǧƽһҪˣ
ͻȻڣĽѩס⻰ųȥˣֻ̾˿Ȱ誶ֺαΪˣ֪֪컹Ҫѧҩţαأ
ΣǸǮģδ˵ĻС˵
Ʋ֪˽µĶԻֻǳĽѩ֣ΪѲΪѣй仰ҾͷˣĽݹЩ滭ңֵǮƷ㶼˵ҳʶ
Ȼʹ˼Ľݹˣ
ڳ˿ȥˣ˵ĽݹóҶ˵Ļһһ£
Ҷˣһõĺõģͷ޲øСӼ
ǲʮֲмܶ˶˼Ȥſڡ
ƫ۷ʦġͼн۷ʦĻҿǧһ¡
аҹʦĻҳǧһ
ǰҼǴʦġɽˮͼ漣һֱĳǴʦɽˮͼԸǧӣ

һʱ֮䣬úõͻ͸һ˶ϻ滭ʦźͼǮҺġ
ϷüͷҪֹĽѩȴЦϷ˵ͻ绹ȤأȻΪĿĵĳ裬ˣѩμӹĶͬ
һϷֻðѵߵĻȥЦ˵ĽݹޣҲֻΪվһ
ϷĴȣѩʮ壡ĽѩЦ
ΪգΪ˲壬ǼУ˶֪
Ʋ˵ƣҲһźг
һߣرĽÿλ˵Ļ滭ʦۼϸԷһۣסԷݡ
һҲ˲ʱ䡣
֮ߺһûмӵģûеĻЩ˰
ȥ㵱Ǿ¥أʲôӣ
˷׷ױ԰ۣΨ뺮÷¶֮ɫæһסӣҪʲô
㣬Ҹղ˵˰ʱ˼ֻˣȥȡ˵дҪĻأƴ
뺮÷ɵˣȥðõĳ𣿻˾ͱˣ
뵽ʹɫ
имĺ⣬ȴװӣ۾۾Ϣһȥȥ
뺮÷ûסֻߡ
ߵͥԺſڣͻȻվסˣϷʵϷˣǲֻҪһƷͿˣжƷķǮǹҸУ
ҡ˷
浱Լõĳװʲôװ
ϷΪȻΥݵֻǰûʹ⡣
΢˼һ£Ϸ΢΢ͷûֻҪһӵƷɣֻǱ˽½ףϸ޹ء
Ϸ仰ҾͷˣһҪϷ˰֤ˣĽݹҲҪæҼαӴ˵󣬺Ц뿪ˡ
ӰʧͥԺſڣݱ̲סЦҸҴ϶ǽܵˣ
ǣҪҰûƤôã
⣺һʼҺĵȰ뿪ƫƫ顣ԼƫҪֵֹۣ˭
ݣ̫ˣܺƲڳ뺮÷Ļﻹ̲סİ
бһۣӴôˣʵ˵˰뺮÷ѵõóôֻ
㡢ô֪ò뺮÷˵⻰ʱû
ʵϣԼźõĳԷѾ뿪ϸ˰ɣ
ɼǾڱ˶ɺƵʱԼװʵǱ̲סվΪ⼸䡣
ֻϧһ˵ͦ˵и΢
˵˿˼ҪӣΪװúܸǳĴТƵģҪûǮǾ仨һλһ˵һڿڴЦ
ɺܿ죬ʶԼ˵˻
Ҫ˵صĸТƵģ˭ܱȵһµĽѩ
λɫĽѩǸԲĽݹҡҲ˵
Ľѩˡ᲻˵˵ˣҲҪǿһ䲻˵ҰɣûӦҲҪϵˣ
ɼٲˣҲȻάסϵĺɫλ˲صǸѩԴһֱ£ҪΪТʮ꣬δͻ֮λ

355зݰ

ȻԸΪТʮ꣡
Ҫ֪ʮǶô
ĽݹﾹȻԸ԰ТնŮõ껪
ڳ˲Ȼ𾴣׷׿
ĽݹﾹȻТ˳˾壡
ǰõ껪ҲҪԾТҵ̾磡
Ľݹ￰ģӦñдȥ˸̳ޣ

ԽԽŵĳޣĽѩֻ΢΢һЦλˣѩҵ
һǫ飬ʱٴһάԱߵĹЩͷˣվǸ˲˰ɣȥ
һˣ鲻ˬֱɫ
ʱɷһˣ׷ȥ¥ļơ
Ӳܵġ뺮÷һнʶѿڶ
˹Ŷô֪
ҡҾӲˡ뺮÷˵
ݺ뺮÷˶꣬ῴ飬̲סаˬ뺮÷˵뺮÷ͱˣ˵ڶѾص˰ɣ㻹óЩ֮
ãóˣҿʲô򣡡뺮÷ʱȫӲˡ
ݵĹЦʲô򣡸ղҿ˵ˣгѧʦĻǧһжҪ٣
䣬ͥԺſڴһ
ǧһжҪ٣ѧİȻᣬң
ѭȥָֻѾ߽һľͷӷͥԺſڣȻӸǣ﷭
ǰɣˣ
Ķǿڴľ䣬һ˿ԤС
ѧУǣƳһɨһǩȻóԱߵĵϣּͷңţҼǵĻӦɣĶţ
ݶǸڵϵĻ۷ڣѵУǧһǧӣԼĶ͵ôȥ๫ֻ֪ҪԼˣ
ļʱȻ֮
ĽѩڵôĻô־ڵˣҿҩδãĪ㲻Щ󻭾ӿл𣿡
԰ôĻôһҶѷŵôң͸Ƶģ
һһͷԺȻѿڶƷƭӵİɣ
仰һ⣬˸ղ۵ķǣɢеĲ
ӴƷɲɣҸղűĿ漣ļ۸񣡡
ǣ˭ỨǮƷҺĽݹﾫͨ黭Ǽһ۱֪ҪȻǿҪϵƭأ
ԣԣĽݹۣմ˹ˣ

ƾƣƫƫһĽѩƨ
ҲǷЩˣͷѸղżԺĻ滭ʦƷϤ˳
зݰҪĻˣҪǻǼٵģǲĽݹϷȼһ£漣ǮҲ٣˵ţ뺮÷֣ȵк㣬Ҵְ
뺮÷첽˹ȥһ߰ửһʵôˣϷ˺ֻܶģƷֻһ۾Ϳˡ
޷޷Ʒ˾Ͳˣûؾ¥档ƻȻ˵
ЩֻǵӷѹγģһóҪھ¥ǽװװĻˣҿǷ漣ֵǧӣǲ׼ھ¥
ʲôЦǧӵĻҾ¥һǶɨʱһɨλô죿
ŵúæ
ȻǷ漣˵Ҳ漣Ͼеû²ܰһƷСⷿɣ
úֻܿҪ漣ȥҲ׬ˣЩǰģֻӸ̤ʵ
˿˽ᵽĽѩǰѳɸ߸ߵһʮ
ƫƫʱƻкǣзݣպĽݹһһźöӣҪң
꣡źöӣ㵱ײ
˸̣ҲʮֺЩǼ٣Χ˹ȥ
ʵ˵Ľѩʱ˿ʮŭġ
ǺˣŮҲû˸ʹרż黭
û֮ǰԼ׿˵԰æ黭óһƷİɣм˭ֱӴ³İһ˼˭
Ľѩǰĸ߸ߵĻζûж̲סߴٵĽݹ㰡Ҷأ
ң׵˭Ľѩ̲סһûסҪƹˡ
УԼƧСӶ˾˵棡Ľѩһ˵ѩѧʶǳһųۡ
δ˵ͱƴϣˣ˭ʶֶడͱǫˣϽİɣҸʱ䣡
ʱ䣡Ľѩֶһ£ԲٿڣŴеĻõԱߵչ
ĶһɽˮͼԾȻֽϣƣʯᾣˮڹʯţˮĽңңз紵Աߵ֦ͲҶڶ·һɼˮķӭ洵ֽ
Ľѩͫ͵϶һ٣ʶĵͷŻ۲Żеÿһ£
ԭվһԵϷҲɴۣ鲻Խ߽һգգĶŻĽѩһģһ
ڳλˣҲԱоտĻ򶯣׷¶֮̾ɫ
ʱǶ黭̫ĺҲóһϺõļ
쳤ӽͷչȥϸǣǣǸղ˭ҪģǲǳǧӣһֽһûС⣬Ų˰
ԭŨΧô缯˰һɤӣʱŵɢ

356ºԽǣΨбĸ

ô죿
Ϊʲô˿ɶرǷ᣿
һʱ֮䣬˵Ŀⶼںϣ˶ҧгݣߺޡ
Ȼȴ⣬üôǻİ
ŤͷĽѩĽݹ˵仰⻭ǲǴʦ漣
ĽѩҪֲòڣֻܽ˵ͷȷʵǴʦġϪͼ
ûУ漣Ǯǧϲʤյµ
ˣ
ǧǴʦ漣ȷʵ
ǱһһΪʲôôþأܸоԼ˱˻Ƶģ
֮ǰԼҪǴʦ漣λҧȥͳǧӵƱ˺
ǴʦġϪͼúˣƽƱ֮İѻãݵλһģ
λ˱šϪͼתߣĶһ붼ٿЦ
Լٿۻ̲סȶԷһƣ
˭֪߳ͱƽסˣһµһ£ߣ˵滹Ǵʦ漣պһˣʡĶһˡ
鵰ȥˣλͷûؿ첽Ⱥ
㵱Ǵʦ漣Ǵײ˰жپж٣
˵ôˣôƽôûб˴ģ
ҲźλˡϪͼķһ˼ϾһǴײˣжж٣˵˷Ѿİһ䣬ֻһģʱɾӿ
̬ķȻΧںߣȴһ̡
ڶչ
ҹʦġΡĽѩһβȺʣ˵˳ȷʵ漣
ǺƽµղҪҹʦλǰһǧɻݹˣ
ɻݹðǮķа
ͬľǮŻתˡ
Ȼ󡭡
Ҷ˵ģţȻǷֵһӵģˣˣлһ
۷ʦģղλҪģλɫ۵ķˣԣҼǵָҪģǧһ԰ɣ߽Ǯȡ
˭ҪţԼɣźöӰзݣҪ

˭ô򻭣ǼϽòã
˭ܸ߸״ֻȻ漣ֱֱ̫ɶˣ
ⲻǵڴ
ǰֻӹԭƵõοǽأԽǮԽôòãǲҪ
һӶյˣֵúϲϡ
ԽǣΨб
ˣղǲ˵Ըǧƽӵ漣ãպһأۿ黭ĲˣƴʣµķóһĽѩУĽݹһǲ漣ù˸ˣ
誣
Ѹȣ
쭳һ໰Ҫˣ֮ǰѧҩһӻĸ˴յأھȻһӵĻʲô
ǲĻڣ
ƽһΣڸղΪô嶯Ҫ˵ǧƽ򻭡
ھǣӵ漣ǧƽҲֵˡƫƫСƵطûôӣ
ڹ誼ĶͷðʱĽѩһµͷʼˡ
ƺܺ棬һԼһǺù۵Ľѩôѡأ
һ˲İ˵߶Ľѩϣȴļ
һҪǲӵ漣һҪλĹ᲻ͳǧƽ򻭡
һĽѩ˺ܾúܾãƻ۵Ĳ²Էоᵽ׸˵ĻǼٵġ
ʵٺƲ̫⣬Լ˳۵ܣͿˡ
һſҪ
ãĽѩеĻƺЩظⲻӵ漣
һ誶ʱһϾ͵ü۷ιɱ˵ҲûǮ򰡣ɴûƷϰߣ
涺ǲһСİﻰ˵ˣƾù誺˼ʼ˵һȫƾԸǿ󣡼ȻǼٵģ㵱Ȼ
ȫƾԸǿ
ЩӺ˻ķǶͷֱҧÿ졣ղ˭յĴƱģҪҪǰ䣿
˺޲ɱ˺ʱĽѩͻȻֿˣȻӵ漣ƷȴǳҶ֮֡
ҶˣⲻҲһλ滭ԼղŻȥʲô˵һأ㶣û̫ס
ԱߵϷȴ¶֮ɫʲô˵
ǣĽѩ϶ĵ˵ͷȻÿһϷˣ뿴
ϷǰһգգĶǷ
ûûʵַÿһβϰߣȷʵҶ˵ɫϷ¶֮ɫ˵ǣǣû뵽֮껹ܼƷң
ĽѩҲ˵Ҳû뵽Ҷ˷ӵĻҶ˲δԼӡ£ǽ⸱ֻС
˵ţֳϽһȺָȥ
ȻβϸϸϣԼƴҶĸ֡
ȻܰڻУƶ˳򣬶λҶѡ
Ҷ˵⸱ʱδҪԴӯԲŹԱӵ漣ܹ֡
൱ڽλ滭ҵɫӦҲֵǮɣŵʱ򣬹誱ѾһʳҪ֪⡣
ѩ㣬ֵǮ

357Ķ

һеԼ졣һӵ漣ҪֵǮԼô죿
ȻǷƷΪҶ֣֮ҲҪֵǧƽ𡣡Ľѩ̧˹һۣƺĵģһ񣬽˵вҶΪӵ漣ֿһҿԼֵһǧƽ𡣡
ǾǱӵ漣Ҫƽ𿩣
˿ɽžͷӦһǧƽԼҲò˵ǸԵղŻŸŲˣЩֱӸƱԼ˵˾ٸҪԷЦ
һתһ˵ɲҲ򰡣ֻϲӵĻȻҶ˵漣ɹ׻ǷƷôͱֱﲻԸҪˣ
ûϵûϵƲΪ⡣ԭֻΪ˴Ȥһ¹誣ûָԷͳ򡣶ңˣԷѵĸԸͬһŭ֮°ѻʰԼô죿
׼⸱ϾֵһǧƽأǺղؼֵģ
˭֪ѻȴĽѩסˡ
ʲô˼Ŀݹһѯʵ
ˣܲܡĽѩͻȻǺţҡ
ʵ̫Сû壬һ䣺˵ʲô
ĽѩȴöԷȻǹ׷Լɸˣͷ侲̧֮𣺡֪ӣ
㲻˵ֵһǧƽ𣿡ƲĿ漴뵽ƲԸô򣬱ҵͦղؼֵģԼҲ
ղŻҪȴ˵ղˣĽѩΪԷǹģаޡ
ˣʵҸһֱѰԸĻԸһǧƽ𣡡Ľѩҧ˵
һǧƽԼ϶òһֱϲҶ˵ķƷҲֻ취ˡ
ʵҶڳǰΪȷʵ˼ƷɺԺ㽫ЩƷ߼ջȫˣķƷһԸǵ׷ۡ
òлôأ
ΣһҪ£
Ҫð˼ˬĵͷӦˣлѽҪ˵һƽǶ಻˼
˵Ų˼ɺư㶼ûü۵˼
ĽѩٶŤˣ˵ɺͻȻչʵ㻹Ǯ𣿡
ΪûǮղŲԷģ˭֪ȴһˡ
ĽѩоԼ汻ƶڵýŲȡ
˼Ľѩܱ֤Լв¶ʵ
ˣ˵ѩȷʵɬ֪ǷԸ޼죬ѩЩʱӣĽѩ˵
Ƴ룬ҵǲǮɣȸҴӴչˣٰѽͻһ㡣
ιȻҪѩﹻӲŸǻҪʲôץסƻ©ĵʵ
üȻĽݹҪԤܵý㶨ɣİٷ֮ʮҲһǧӡûеĻôˣ
誱µ˵ķࡣúһԼĿǣȻôԼԷԺˣ
ĽѩѾĲٸ˵ˡ
ͭζĴã˵һ仰ǽԼĵΣ
Ľѩ˵ץʡৡд½Ƹơ
һ£ЦţǷһǧӣûһŵģ֮ǰй׵ķϣֻҪһڴչͿ
Ľѩ͹ֻ׼ѧһµҩţһǴղĽѩòǷ˺һǧӡ
׬
պãʾĽѩһãȻ󽫶Է۲תݸ뺮÷㣬Ȱһ£ôĻһסŪˡ
뺮÷䲻ʱæҡţ⡢ⲻ̫ðɣ
ɲһһǧӰ
뺮÷ûе֣һҪǲСˡˣѽöӰ
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Ǳӹķ˶̲ס΢΢һ£¶ԷóʲôԼӡ
ҺãƵ߲ûͣפκһϡ
֣ǸݵأҪѧĻ𣿻˵ǧһжҪ٣أ̲ס
˵һҲ׷ҵԱͬ顣
ղݱƿһѣǧһ磬ѧĻһǰǧӣ
ڴƽ㲻һĸ޷Ǿ˲غͷӣֿ˰ζ¥ԲȦӡ
ղݽѾȥȡǧƱ֧ķãѾǶżѹˣȥٲҪϷ˵ѵһ
ڣóǧֻ¡
ף
ɨһȦ֮󣬾ȻûзݵӰʮֲ졣
ʱһСѾߴͥԺ˽˿첽ߵϷߣСʲô
Ϸɫһ˲κŭ
̧ͷѰݵˣкŻѪٰͻδ£
ǣۿסˣֲò˵
Ϸһ˵ˣղСѾ˵м£Ҫһ
ʲôȻˣ˲첻ѡ
۵Ĳˣ޷Ǵ𣺡ôȻĶˣҪһҲаҺ

358ҲǱΣ

Һ
㻹˵
Ҫһóô໭漣ڰ
ˢˢĶźƣǴ
Ҹֲߵģ˵ˣʧľҰһ޹תͷ͸Ϸ˸״ˣϷˣղŻǧأ
Ϸ˴ǳ鴤ղ֮ǰѾǧӣҴ硣
һ˿еСˬ
λѾеӽڱˣ˵һΣⳡͻһ׬˺üӣȻ˵ԼǺǺһ
ӣ⻭㡣Ʋˣ뺮÷æԼĻ˻ȥ·ӵɽһ㡣
Һ赹ˣͱôһĸ첲Ѿ۵ˡ
ƽӹлȻӳѧһݸϷˡ
ϷһĪĩĿ
ȻûҪҾ;һɣƽ͵
Ϸˣ
ˣ
ԭǼ£ҺƾֵǮϷһ˲ر𿹾ô£
ĶǸΣϷ̧ӹ˵ȻľͲˡղŵľѾϸǧ£ǧ˵ƿУ֪Σ
ðѾȥˣδϷͺãƴĵͷ
˶ʱ˿
òˣҪ֪ǶѾ͸ɾˣﻹж澺ֻۣӶû˳ҺϷ˽ˣȻһ治ճ
ⲻ֪ϷҲడе춷ɹ֮Լһʱϧ˺ƣѺúõͻһ㣡
ھ֮󣬽Ʒ裬ԻʽĺͲЩʵݵĻ
ԷʱҶ֡Цģһμ˶޾ɵģ˪˵һԵͷţ˭Ҳû졣
˶޾ɣ뻹һλ²ģ
¼𣿻ͦóԵģ
ջ裬ȽļƷϧûҪȻȥ
㣬㳢ζҲŶ

к뺮÷ԣ뺮÷ϵЦԽԽӲ̲ס͵͵һºƵ䣬С˵ӣ㻹ɣ
ΪʲôƷʳҪˣ죡ȻʧȥƷʳ壿Ƶķʵ
λСڵ֪֪ԼղŸʲôȻôߵŭ
뺮÷пЦԼĵ˵˳
˭֪һӲˣ㣬˵ڵ͵Ĳ˵ǻ᲻ҽã
뺮÷룬ҡҡͷ
԰ѣҸﻹίԼȥֺǰʵ
뺮÷һ룬Ҳ԰ԼЩҲѣμͻ绹Ǳų⣬ҪǸ˲˰
Ľһ򿪣뺮÷ҲſˣźһԴ
ٷԵ˺鲻ãûʳƫƫҪźƺ뺮÷۵˺Ժȣǡ
ͻӽβĽѩƷ빫һͬ뿪ˡ
һ߱ǿͷλ˱㶼סˣ̸ǡ
ƵȻҲûмµ˼ͬ뺮÷һȥϷ˵
֮ǰ˵лϷʢһͻҴ۽硢ջķᰡԺۻϣϷңлμӰ
ˣɲջķȫ˭μͻ粻ΪǮģ˭һ׬һӣһٷ
ϷϵĻֲò˵˵ЦˣԺ³Ȼ˵ġ
뿪ϸƺ뺮÷˻ཻסַ֮󣬱˱𣬸Լҵ뿪
һϸģԭﲻҪԸϳȴܾˡ
ϾǲμᣬõϳЦǺƱְæԼϳ
ԺʱȥϳСˡ
Ȼÿ춼ǺƥҲ۵ġ
Ʊ㽫ŽռƱóһŵ
ϳּûжЩǣСʵңǲμᷢʲô̫˳ĵ£
ܴγԣһ㶣ȻеƱŻ˿ռ䣬̧ʵ
ڳԯϵֳĬһСƺ֯ԣǿԺɫƣϳԺһֱû˵Եġ
ȷʵеˣЦôӣҰܲȷʵ˼ƻ£˳ĵĲң
⻰ҪЩ򻭵ķˣֻ¸ˡ
㵱Ȼ˳ˣһ׬˺üӣǲǰͲּƻ¶෢ΰ
ŤͷһۺƣȷʵЦݣҲ͸һãɷȻĴңǸӽȥʲô
ʱûпϰӰҲ֪ʲôʱŽȥģװЩʲôȻỹҪá
ռһ㶫պеҪҾͰȥЩҪķˡƼ򵥵˵һ¡
⻰ֶоȫһ˼
ԭƷ˰쾢ľȥΪ˽ЩǵѴǼ֮
뵽ֲɳ޵ĳ
ĳ䲻һ£˼룬ЦѽһһɣҲǱ

359ôģ

صУƽľϣľʣµջ˿ռ䡣
ռеĿտϲ̵Χתƣˣû뵽ЩôֵǮööʳ
ƣǰû뵽ǸֻǸƦåȻҲᰡȻ˲ò࣡
տգˣѴӷѹֻȥû
ƣ
Ⱑų׬Ǯˣô¸ˣ
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Ҫǣҿɲ͵˼ҵĿⷿô򵥣һ˸ͷأ
ˣ
ᣬԼּˡ
տռڿռ߶ˣôôģҲһô죿ֲڣ˭ܶԸǰ˰
סͷ𳳣𳳣Ҿһ
ԼԷⲽת˺öȦ֮⣺˵ȥھ˹ô
տգôԺϺͺǽأ
ҲǰԼߵʹҪѰֻǻţ

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ƣ˼Ұѿռܸǣ
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տ˵ˣ˵ֻ´ǸĶأͲ鷳
ƣǺǣտգһ仰㳤ú
տգءˣտտ仰Ǹ߿տճúԾͲҪ̫
ƣźߣ
ѾһŽû壡¸ԣȥ취أ
Ĭһʵտգж֣
տգˣһа˰ٰʮ֡ռȼ߼һһʮĵ֡
ƣ886ǺǣֿãǸҰݰݿ
տգӣˣʵڲԶ㵽ռ
ƣռһʱһ
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۾һտգڴһذ
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佱ĿտգѰ˽취֮ͷһͣƣʱӿڴϷ˸˯ˡ
գ˸磬ܵƵŵȴ誺Ľѩĵ
ԭԼʱîʱɹ⽿ĴСô磿
ĽѩûîʱͽϴͷɴĽѩʰ֮һȻſڴϺ˯
誹Ƿ졢Թ˴ĥĥʰ꣬ξںϹٴϵͬ¸ϵ¥ʱѾîʱĩٽʱˡ
˲ˣǸƿ϶ǵģ̲סеȻתξںϹٴ˵һȥɣȻҪ£ǲ֪ͻжɶ񣡻ʹѩأ
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СξڿɱϹٴҪаȫеĶˡֻϧξڲϲԼϹٴһֱǰ׷Լ
ܹ課ϲϹٴϣҲȷľܾԷɼܲסϹٴϻһЩĵС⡣
ŮٶЩģ
ѩ˵ˣ׷Լ֤Լ
һγУ誱ĬϹٴϵĸ档ҲҺϹٴϸˣȻѧҩŵӶղ
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취ǳҲٰ誶Ϲٴϵ̬ȸеǳ⡣
ξ΢΢üˣˣˣռĪҪ¶ˣȥ󣬺úøǣ
ξٴ磬ô첲գǸ˵Ķ˶š
Ľѩס誶֣ȷʵǵĴξٴģȥǸɣ
Ҷô˵ֻö˳ˣͷԹԵĸǽ˾¥
ӴǿˣһƱȴ˸к
̲סСֹɣҾ˵϶ǵ鷳
⼸ﱥ޾ķ̣˼ǻ֪Ҳʲôʱˣ
ԲĽѩһѣʾԼһƵǸ
ˣʮֱǸҹ˯ˣԽЩ١õˣĽѩϸ˵
ȻԣΪ˻ʮġ
ôѩΪԼڹƲƲ죬Ĳ鲻Ը˵ѩ£ҲϰˣҪ֣͹һ˰ɣ
˵꣬һͦظһȻģ
Ǳ𼸾𣿷ԼѾƸ˺üˣҲһΣаԼ衣
˭֪˵ԺԤеѵͼûеơ͡һЦΪ˵˵Ӵʲôùֵģʵ̫ɰˣûʲô˵ģǴӾԶ;Ͷ٣ʱûأҲܹ⣡Ҽһмʰ˵ĿͷţǸɴᵽҼסҲǷǮһ԰סһҲû߸ˣҰֻҪпգʱԽǣǿΣ
˶ˣȫû뵽ƻӦһ˵һ
ǰǺƱ𣿲Ǳ˼ðİɣ
Ŀ˰죬ѿڶôģǵӰɣ

360˵ĸ

ôô˵أƹãҶ˵סҼңҰ԰סǮô˵Ҷǵأ
誷Ķ㵽ʲôͼ
ʲôֵͼ𣿡ʼ磬˼ǳôһӣɬԲźĵΪǽѡ˭֪ǻ飡ȻˣǾˣ
˵꣬㷭صǰ£ԼˣѧҩŵʱɵԼģҸŲ𣡡
٣˵ͱղ˭˵ûʲô˵ģ誼ֱˡ
㲻˵ܹ𣿡̲סʵ
԰ư˵ҿ⣬ܹԭ£
誣
Ľѩ
ξڣ
Ϲٴϣ
УǿˣλԾΪղŹ誵Ļˣ﹫˽أ
㱻˵ˣǳǲӦðҸٱȥ
ôͱˣ
᲻е̫ˣ
˰죬ξȷӦڵˣ̸̸ղסҵĻ⣿
誣
ξٸˣôǸŮ˵ͷ
㹫پ㵣ҲòξڵѡΪǵģ򣬻֪Ů˻ôԼѩ㣡
ֻξڵĻ䣬ϾЦݣõĸ仨ƵģȻǿҪҪ̸ҾΪѵ˵һ°ɣصÿͣȻסҼңȻҼҵĿˣôܶԿʧأ˵ǲ
ÿͣ
ǲǶԿʲô⣿
˵ӦõżǿΪʲôͱסˣ
ˣԸô˵ô˵ɣ˾ͺã
ڹ課ǺˣöŮ˲ƻƤ񣬿ʱƷǰһ˵Ļ⹦ײŮܶԸ˵ģ
˶˵ƾȨͬԼĹ۵ˣһ֣ܽ᣺ȻҲͬˣǾôľˣʲôھȥɣǰٸ˵˵סҼĹأ
һ£˳ǲе㲻ԣôȰ󽲹أһֱڷƸԼףֲ֮ȰѹضǣپҪҪᣡ
ⲻµʱƽ͵˷ջٶһ췿ǮǲǣϾͷҲԣ
һΪģ
ҪѪͷԣ˭ɵģ㻹˵
ˣ㻹Ƚذɣǲ̫ϰߣһǾͲˡξӲͷƤ˵ƺǲƣԻȽϺá
һ¶࣡סҼںһ˵
ΣǶѾһ˺òãÿҪõҩĺʳĻøһ㱻ǧƽѩ㻹һһǧӵǷЩ㶼ڸ̸Σ誺޲ðԼŮ˵ԼҪˡ
ĽѩԴд֮ԵøĬ˸տʼڵǸ֮һԡ
Ϲٴʮƣֻ˵仰Ҫ
û취ξֻӲͷƤ˸ƣˣȽظ֪
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˭ֻ֪Ƿ˸ۣûмǡ
Ĺغܼ򵥣ǡܽĸ֣飡
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ܼ򵥰ֻҪǰﵱɼҾͺˣŬԼЦرơ
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˸ԼҲװģˣ촰˵ðɣҲǣӦ֪ͻ׬һӵ°ɣ
һ˵Ŀ⻹һɨĽѩ͹誣ƺѯûа¸ξںϹٴϡ
Ľѩ͹ĿˣȻҸ׬ӵ£̫ˣ
ξ˳źƵĿĽѩ͹誣ȻûһӻɸоЩ֣ѯʵշʲô£
û㰡ƸЦĽѩ͹ɫЩԼΪңӦάҵ˽ӣ˵׬һӣȥԺǾ֪ˡ̸£
ξѹеĹ죬˸ƣ
׬ӵͬʱҲ˲ˡٺ٣ҵǻҵ鷳˵Ŀξͣһ£ҿ书ߵģҲסҼҼ˵İȫ
Ӵ誵ʱת磬
찡ǲʱδ
յֳԭҲ֪Լ˺ޣᱻ
˵ζܰɣ
誵İ°ǵĻ㿴Ժ׼ӰҸ㣬ҵĻǺģҿɲӦ
ǰĹ誣˸ӹĻ϶һ˦ȥǸͭζļһ
ڣȴĪľóҪӵĸоˬ
ֻǣˬˣȴˬˡ
ƶȻҪǮҪԼˣεļ棬誻ǲ̫˽ԼΪ˰
аҿԳӣõʳĺҩ鷳Լ׼ƮƮ˵ΪҪ취׬ǮǵĻʱû׼ʳĺҩģ

361´һ£һ

׼ʳĺҩˣ
׼һʱ֮ȥѼ
Ϲٴ̲סʵЩҩҽﶼеɣ
ǿɲһڵĴҾҩĴˣʳҲ롣ΪЩʳҶҴġֻһң޷ֺţ
꣡㻹ֱ˵Ҫѧҩֻܴʳأ
̲ס۾ѶϵŮǧУ
ڼĽѩҲЩˡλͣʵǴûиʱּ޳ܵŮ˴
գξڳ˵ˣɷסң㿴һԺһ£Ҫṩһµʳĺҩġ
ɽˬĴӦˡ
ʳĺҩÿռֳģֲûǮһĽѩ͹調ɾ˷ҲһǧӶˣˣĽѩǷԼһأ
˫ڴЭ飬ǹ誵۷ؿջʰ׼סҡ
ڻȥ·ϣ͵͵ĸĽѩ˵ѧʱһҪʧܼΣ˷һЩҩĺʳĲܽ
һߣڽһµİΣҲ˿
һµĻ壬ͿԶһЩ׼
ʵڲУһµʱʶҩģˣһЩʳģ취ѻǿжȥһһѼǹ
ʱĽѩһʰ׵˺ԺĲŴ
ʹ˵Ľкȥæȴ誵˾ܾˡ
ԶԭĶͲ࣬˵ԼһҪæ
һͬĳĽѩ֮⣬λϳĻ
룬ξһ£վĽѩסԼԺĿͷλֻίסڶԺķˡ
ƵֱӷǽԺξȴʾסԺ¥ԺӾͽǸˣúƲò֣Ҳصǡ
ξĵƺʮаգƲ²Է϶ֹĸȻк֡
Ȼˣôרҵ齻רҵȥԷֲܣĽѩ͹ֱʼ˵һҩѧϰ
ǵǵһѧҩţƾ򵥵İ࿪ʼ֡
Բ࣡
һǳʺӷõĲѪҩţڸѪرѪȲ֢
డҲҩţ誳ʱ̲סɵ
̬ȼãЦеķʣŶ֪ЩʳķȺ˳Ҫôζɿڣ
ǵˮ֮󶼶ȥС𣿡ƲƲ졣
ʳָҡ£ҲҲЩʳеĺŴеȴҪʱһŽȥֻеĶˣеĻӲÿأԣΪÿһʳĶֵܳıζɢ˵ζͱҪעʳķȺ˳עʱ䣬עѧʶأѧɣ
誽Žɣһѣô鷳òǹŪɣ
ŵĻһ£ָ׼õʳģ㰴Լķһ࣬ĽݹﰴҴڵķһ࣬Ȼֱʢ˳ȥξٹӺϹٹӺȣһһúȡ
課ǺŭȻҪȣΪ㲻ұȣȴҸѩȣ
Ҹ۸Ҫ֪ҿҾ¥ĳʦȷҪұȣһ޹Ұѷ̸ĽݹԺֻҪŪӦðҲȥ֮Ӯ㹻ˣ
ҭ˵Ժ󣬺ƱĽѩһߣķС˵һ顣
˵ԺͷȻĹ誣ûб֮ǰɲ͵͵ĽݹѧȻף
誱ѪôûƷ£
ȻˣҾͷˣˣɣһ˵󣬺ƽ˫ֱյˡ
ڱ˿ġ
ǹһʼͰʳһѷȫŽȥһԲ϶ûˡ
ȷ˳Ӧǽȥ飬뾬ͬڿʱٷԲƬ̼ɡϲʳʳõʱ򣬻Լζѡ
ȻĲǺϲĽѩȴʮŶԷȻᰴԼһ˿˭ĽѩǸԸ˻أĿУԼ϶ȹҪĶ࣬ͻȫ˵ǷƷ֮˵Ƿʵֵȴԥ˵˳
Ϊ̹𣿺ƲͬƾĽѩ֮˵ȫΪԼҪǷϷҲԱ߿ţݲ١
ĽѩôеĻͰ͵ѧҩŸ˵壿һŮôϱֳĳףôڣ÷ˮ
ţӭ˵ǸԼĳ򣬲΢΢һЦǮ´磬ˣ
ǮɫмΣӲͷƤҵӦõģ
˭뵽ڻסǸסڸϼҽͷסĸ˼УһҪ𱣻Է˰ȫΡ
ֻ˵컯Ūˣ
߽Ժƿ´Ժһ߳һ죬СԲԺһһ߽СԲ϶
Ƹ´кȻѯʴ㣺СԲôС𣿡
ɶ׵ģСԲھǲ˵ʲôǲǣһΪӽ顣
СԲҲšؽ
ƱùЦȤ˼Ȼ˵ԼЩˣط˯һ
ÿæ֮Ҫط˯ϵ˶Ѿϰˡ
¥߽ԼԷϵЦʧˣһֱѹŵƣҲڲסһ·ֱڵϵĳ嶯
ܡ
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ң
֪֪ʵҺܺ£
Һ·ɱҺ¹ǻ᲻ͬ⻤ҵļˣҺҲ㣬Ҳ޴ϢӣҺجγ棬һаĴҪˡ

362½֣

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ҴʱҲ֪ξڡϹٴϡĽѩ͹˴Żס¥Ժ£վڴǰ˼
ǰŵаʮЩӣξںǼйģҲ֪ҵ乤򲻱硭
֮ǰֻк˺¼ĸӵЩûйסаʮıҪȻ´ࡣ
ڣаʮЩĵϸξڵĹпԼ֮ϡ
ǱԷˣ͵ǰǿɾˡ
аʮðգֻܻ⡣
򴽲ԺһһЩӵ˳ܾﲻ̫ԡ
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аʮ룺ĸȥϸμͻʱû취ȥʱ¶űˡˣĸڲμͻ֮ǰȥϸϵʱ˵ĻסĸûгԿΪԺиڣֻԶԶţδĸڸϸϷʲô£²֪
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аɣӣ˵ʲôʲôĸ͵£ôһŵɡξɶ£ҲԲǳġΪƾ˺ͼʮ鷳
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ԼΧѦҽתаҲһ취
а߶췳ˡʦǶҽѦҽͲ̫ԸѦҽʲô
ԣаʮȥаʱаҲһˡ
ӣұ֤ңҪ˶࣬ҸǶаĵı֤
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ǺˣξûмŶ֣ʾ⻤ѶԷΧס֮źʵ
һͬ׷ĲסڶԺĻƽʱȺĻ
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У֮¡ξеġ
Ϊ㲻ùܣֻҪ֪ЩӲľ㹻ˣξЦƧСطù˼ɶԷǷбֻҪиģõѪȡ
ӣĪ׬Ǯ˵ˣ⼸Ҳǳ֮ưüͷܱã
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üȻ˶˺ƣԼһʱҲһȵԼһˣЩ˸Ȼ֣˵׼ӵĺ
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͹ͣξڻʮǵġ
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ҲǾ֮͡
ţ㳯׽ԷˣһҪܣʱѶ˱ļһҲøƽöԷ֪Լǰװסġ
ξֵĳԡȴûʶݣ֤Լǲǰ׳԰סأ˵Ĺ˿أסӦԵ
Ҳû뵽Է˹ϣ˵־Ͷ֡
ֻǣƾЩôаĶ֣Ψһֽϲа߱
Һаվԭضδĳ˼ƣǼĻ㱻Ʒĵĵ˳ȥ

363ºƵǣ

ֻһ棬Ǳ˴
⻹Զٵ¡
˭ǿ˭һĿȻ
ξ֪ԼЩҲֻһжȴԶʮȻռϷ硣
⵽ðĸ֣Īǽˣ
͢еľЩçֻƾϲúͽذ£ң͢Աɱ
Ժͷ˫һţӱʮףʵǵǺˣ
ȻģֻӥҲֻһֻ̫ӥҰҡͷ㶯֣Ϊ֮
˵գааһԾͷҲصķ뿪ˡ
ξڱҸЩ£ʱЩɵĻҲΧߣһٴе̬
˶ˣȻȥξ˪һ㡣
ԭΪԼЩƧı߳Ѿ㹻ʵȴݺݵһƣ֪Ǳ߳ǣҲԻ
㿴ӵĽֶܶԸ˵ģ
뵽ξڱЩͷɥھǣǳ͵ڼиʮڸ߳ĵ״ѹû뵽ƽʮһҲ˼䲻ðĽֵĶ֡
׳־ξڴƽһͷķ˺Ժӡ
һߣҴξڿеõЩȥ׺ʲô£ǲΣաͬʱаһαȥ𱣻ƺͺ˵İȫ
Щ£˿֪
ÿرɣȽĽѩ͹ҩţȻԼȥϴѧҽ׼¥˵ĲˣȻָĽѩ͹ҩš
ҩŲûʲôݾΨϸġ
Ľѩ͹誶Ǻܴӱˣֺܿ졣
ܹ֮ǰ˵Ҫ˷һЩʳĺҩģʼѧϰԺҲԸԼʧ̫αƲ
ԴԲ࣬һ˵ĽѩĺóԺ󣬹誶ԺƵĲ˺ܶࡣ
˵ĽѩţҲһԸĽѩ̫ࡣ
ΪŮĽ
пʼϾϲּǱ㿪ʼָʹںЩ˿ǰԤõҩš
Ҳǽѧѵģôʹ׬Ǯأ
ЦеĽ͵Ŀɶʺλ˵ģÿظ֣ռɡѵ㲻ؾ
һס˹誵Ҫ˻ȥ
죬īٴεˡ
һպǺƸīʱһ졣
ٲƼΪԷҪˡ
һīʱǱĺȦͷЩʹ縣ģ·һ㣬εȶûá
ϴˣҪǸʲô㿴ȿȣīڣɤɳƣ۾Ѫ˿ͺ첡Ƶġ
ƸϽһջ裺ɤӣ㻹ǹƴģ
ǰһƯСӲǰԼĥݹīҲǺܲף
һֽһīѪ
Ϊ˱ʾأøࡣ
ԿīȷǷˣÿһᵽ⣬ϸдԼ뷨Լʵʩ衣
ǰڵ̷棬ȻīҲһЩʵؿ죬ֱעغͱ߳ǵķ۸
ȻԱ߳ߣǲ̫õĵضΣһҲҪİӣ΢һĵضξȻܴﵽ߰˰
سȻҪĵһЩҪһ棬ҲֻҪ߰˰ӡ
濴֮󣬾īȷʵ£Ȼ˵Ǳ޵ģӲһȫͬò߻ΪĹ˱Ƶһݲ߻
īһֱһգգĹ۲źƵı飬Ķᵽɤۣ¶ԷԼķ⡣Ǳջڸյݵ֮󣬾ͱһ˸ɾȻ۰Ͱ͵õȴźƵĽۡ
ӱ߳ʶ𣿡ͻȻʵ
īһԺ˲ӿֳܶͷ²ŶԷĿġ
գֻʵʵĻشǰʶҲҵĹϵ
ǵģûң˭һëͷСӣ
֪ҪҺϻ𣿡ʵ
īʵҡҡͷֻкƹ֪ڴƽľ¥ܿͻˣϣźƹһߡ
߳ǱȲ޵̣ȡͻŵģʽƾðĿǰӻڱ߳ǵϲʡ
Ҫһ㣬ǵ˱߳Ĵ壬ڱ̫ۣ߳öԷԼڱ߳ǿֻ̣¶СָͷͿ׾ٵıǡ
Լû㹻ʵ֮ǰӲӲɵӲŸɵ¡
˺Ƶīһ𣺡Կԣ˵УֻҪԸϻϣҶɽԺƵäĿģ
ȻͬҪϻ⣬ȻҲٶżӣ𷽰īϸ
귽ô˵ķֺҲҪǰ
īȱ̬ռ˳ɣռɾС˼ҺģʵҲ˼ҳģīɲ˼˵ʲôĻ
·ҲҪ־ͺáƲû̫ģǮҲģûɲռͷ
īһ£֪Լռ˱ˣ֣صл
ĿǰҪºܶ࣬һǽ˵·򿪣ԴƽΪ͸ڶǱ֤˵ĹӦؽѾüޡ
īüġ
ڽ˵ĹӦ׼ڰƽ壬ȥԺԼտ
ֻǣ֪ǻȥԺ󣬷᲻׷ƽȥ£һúЩǺͽꡣ
һʶʵҪԣˣ׬ӣЩƦҲȻûа취˼ˡ
ξֻͣһ£һԺأȥδӣ

364¶ĸ

շת࣬ͻȻԼ˽罫ռ˼ǹһһ㱣ı졣
Լֻ¥˽׬ȡֵ׻̫ˣôβ׬ÿһأ˼
ڶ죬æ֮Ͱīͺƹ˹
һ棬㿪żɽ˵뿪Ǿ˭ȽϺʣ
īһ㶣־ҪԼָ
ûڣֱӾܾ㲻УһûӣûǻҪϿأ
īʱˡ
ǰǧҪȫͶ뵽ﻹҪǮٸɱģ
뵽ЩɥԼ˺üӡ
ģֻǸˣ۹ҪųԶһЩԺĽӵ·̿ˣû𣿡ưο
ī۾ʱˡ԰ˣԺܶܶණкоʳڣûж
ʱͱοˣȻʼƼѡҾ¥һϿܿ¥Ȼ·ֲϱȽϺõľ¥˾¥֮ǰζ¥͸¥֮¸¥ĽҸô򽻵һЩ
¥ĽңԺиֳɹλί֮һ¥Īλܸ̬Ľ̫̫ҵģ
ڰζ¥ң뵽ͻϵݾ;õθڡϱ˺϶ģ
ţƱ㰵¾Ȱݻ˵
ʵī֣Ƶƺ̫ȱǮΪλҪ˺Լأ
ԭܼ򵥣Ƿǣһȱ֡
ʱΪ˫Ӯֻ᲻ðˡ
ĺͽҺұͻ⣬Ҫ򿪶·ܼ򵥣ڽ˵·˵ܰæ̫ƽǺٺܶǷǣٷҲ磬ҲҪԸԸ⡣ֻҪ±ˮںԼͲ½ˣ
ⶹµ·
ƵİЧʺܸߣһ˵¾ͻʵʩҪǣӰ֣֣ܲΣ֮ǰסԼͼ˵
κºϵСҲˡ
Ȼôһ仰أ
ܿ죬ƱҵӣҪݻϷˡ
ԽϷ˵ݣȥһССľ¥ҰƫƫɵʮϲǸţ֯ŮȵŻᡱɹˣⲻĵ˺ܾá
ⲻûأƾ͵˰
Ϸ˲׶ԷΪΣȻˣԼҪԷһɹҲǺİɣʱʱȥϷҫ
ںƵ˽Ϸ˵Ŷ׼Է׼һ˵ԷʱȴԺﱻξˡ
ˣܲ˽̸̸
ֵĿξڣöԷʮֹŹ֣ƺִŵȥı飬˵ͷԷԺʯ̸
ξٹӣʲô£ѯʵ
ξǵЩ죬ӲͷƤ˵ȷʵڴ󸮵⡣ԷǽˣǵĻǵĶ֡ҾԷҪٴδδסǡϣܹ㣡
ξ˵ԼΪ󽫾֮ӣִ˸еĻȻǽçĶ֣ʵһʮѿ¡
ǰѯǷҪ˱ԼĵȫԱ誵˵İȫһ·Ҳ̫ƽȴû뵽ƽȴȸ֡
ξֻЩ˲ǳģȻ˿Ҫˡ
˼գξھ»ǶԺƾʵѸȽϺãԷԼˣȴ˶֡
￩һ£˲ξΥԼ£Ǽѯʵǽˣмˣʲô
ξڸӲ㽫ǰշһ飬ԼʮԷķֶҲ˵˳
˼ξڸΪ飬˵ҪҰҩĺʳĵ취㣿
ȻûңҲ˼ʳĺҩĵӡ˼Һķ˼ڶ롣
ƻعξѵ¶߾ı飬ɹһЦããô˵ǳ־˶ԷҪȻĻôôûж
ǡ
ξڻҪ˵ȴưִϣξٹӣҺܸлܹʵ档ǾͰҼסŰɣһãҪǳʲô£Ҳǵģ
ξڣƱԷ
һݣɫ
ϴ󽫾ϵĻǶԷĶѵôôΪԼڼţԷȴ׾ٵأǲǴҸ
ǣҡﰡ
û뵽ʱôȣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱͻɱûϵǣξڵ˵ĻȻǷĶ֣
ƵͷһԽúܶüޡѾüëˣ
˼ңҲǿŲԼ̫౯˴ʱ䡣
̸ɣ
ˣҪ½Ƴ͡͡͵һϵжֻҪҳԵ£ԷҪ֪ʳ׬ȡֵٶеϿأԲÿٲ˶ԶĲѵöͻ߽
ֻаѽ͵ȶƹȥռֲͻǣ
֮󣬺ֽ̿ϷɿдԼļƻ©һʧ
еʱ˲Ƶ·ϣԶ֪ԼжǱܡ
ǰƲǸͨͨʳߣûûиɵйûвѧţûгһȵ֡
ڣȴҪΣûΨƾԼıնһ·ɱһ·####⻰ĸ㻹һ¼ӸΪ˸лС͸Ĵͣ

365¾޴棨Ӹ

ҡ
Ǿ̷ңϸ͸һɱϢ
Ժʲôʲôǽϵֻʲôʲôʲôʲô޲ŰֶĳɽģͲڽ𸮵ҶϼϡǮˡ
ԺƵͺݣϷȻȥӭӡ
ҲûеƣߵĴѾȥź͵Сͤӡ
һ·ƶԽ𸮵ĸо֣󣡺
ˣƣϷЦеĳ֡
̬ȺܺͰͬһĳʮִ顣
֪ԷĴĻ;Բڽҵĵλ˺
ڽҵĻ֪Ĳ̫࣬ڸ¥Ϣǰ˴ġ
ӡһ仰ǣƹܹ֮Ŀ˸¥Ϊ˽Ϸ˵֧֡
ɴ˿ɼϷڽ𸮵ķ
ߵǰϷȻ˶ԷֱߣЦĺܴûţֻҪ·ˡ
˵֮ｨۡǽϷǿ޽𸮣൱ڱĽϷƨ
ȻϷԱЦ˵Ҳǵط¿϶ϸģ
˵ϸǾͲòһǰյͻ硣
շô䶯Ϸôûжš
ѾͷǸȤˣȻô黭ȥϸѵ˴׼ֻɣϷ˺ֱˬĽеɻ˳
ΣϷ˵Цˣôδ֪أ˵ܲţʵʱЩֻҲǴɣպǰһҪֻԷ㽫ЩֻΪǷƷϸûдͻóҲǵѣ˭Ҳ֪ؿ־ͽȥأЩƷո˵һƷܽҵȼü֮ˣ˭֪ĽݹϷ˶˵Ǵʦ漣Լһ˭뵽˼ӣȻ򵽵Ķ漣Ǽ˴ˣ
࣡ٱ࣡
ô˵Щֻ·ϼģ
Ķô¶ˣİһ漣㣿һҲǼֵǮòã
Ϸ˴ǳ鴤ȴ޷ֱӷԷѡ
𣿺ǺǺǣǻˣϷ˸Ц˵
һĵͷǰǰɣҲúأҲҵĲˣֻǸʲôҲ˵׼
˵ƶȻͣ٣˫״ѽòЩֻ·ɣĪ͵ģҪҪ٣
㶼ȥڱ٣Щ˻󻹶˻𣿽ϷҲˡ
ΪֹеֲλͲģװģ
ǣԼûгǮֻԼ˵Щʲô
Ϸ˾ԼЩ͸ˣҲԷЩƼٵĻֱӲ⣺֪˽кҪ£
ʻкҪֻһס
Ͼ˭Ҳûй涨û¾Ͳܴš
ɺƫƫһĵ˵ͷ˵ȷʵкҪ£֪ܷϷ˵̸̸
ǺƷǵҪŽϷ˵ѾߣϷȲʵų̫ˣǰǰΧŲ¶ʮˣúô̸⣿
һϻĸо˻ģ
˵ˣҪôֵ˵ˣʱû̸ɣȴ˳ȥǺ鷳
ںƵ飬Ϸ˲ûֱӦ۾ֱֱΣ·Ҫ״ʲô̰㡣
𿴽Ϸˣһ˫۾Ȼ͸˵ľƵ翴۶Ļ㡣
˸оܲˬɺȴ̫⣬󷽷վƾԷ
һ£ֻһԷֻһ֮ԵİˣƾʲôһμҪԷ˽ģ˭֪Ǻ˻ǻ˰һĲô죿
ԽϷɺ
ΣϷ˲̧֣Ƕȥɣ£
⻰Ӧ˺Ҫ̸̸
˺ܿ춼ˣֻʣʼȥƽǸѾվ˽Ϸߡ
Ϸˣʵǽӵģƿ˵
Ϸ΢΢˶Ȥ
ѾͷȻ˵ӣýǺȱӵ˼ٻʲô鷳
ϷˣҲڹ󸮣̸ֻһ⡣ûеȽϷٿڣֱ˵
Ϸ˿΢΢һЦˣ̸Ҹ¥Ľƹȥ̸Ƕǿ¥ģظʲôã
൱ڱľܾˡ
ȻϷ˲Ϊʲôֵø̸ʱ
ϷˣȻ¥еϵǵƾ¥ȴ޷Ե¡̧˫ĶŽϷ˵ŽϷҲӦ֪ҿľ¥˽ˣĲȻ治ԶԲδš治ʳĶϴδֹģЩʳģҷģ˵˺ϻЩʳĶۣ᲻ԸӸһⰡ
ЩʳǺƷģ
ϷһĲ˵ƾ֪Ķͱܶ¥۲˭Ҫ˽˶һŲۡ
Һܶרȥ˽Ʒ˸öɵĲȣҪôģ˽ÿ춼ʲôʳġڷûƶģɾôȴôûĥ
Ǹ¥򵽶Ļ
Ϸʶ⽫¥޴棡ÿ׬ӶԷһ
¥ΪƳƲ˲Żһӻ˸¥Ͱζ¥񣬸¥Ļˣ

366½ý𸮳һ

ʵϣڽ˵¥ǵӻ治ʲô
⸻¥ĽƹǱˣǽϷǲСӡ
֮Բԭܼ򵥣Ϸ˳£
ȻܳСӣǸ¥ӯΪǣϷ˵ˡ
ҲϣСɼôҿ֤Լ۹ûд֤ԼĶûһثֵģ
ţϷ˲ɫ˵ˣôЩʲô˵
ʵмطǶϣĲ˼Ϊζ¿˿Ҫɷܽ󸮵ĳһã˸Ϸ㳢
ϷԭͶԺƵʮֺ棬֮ǰĥöԷһɹġ
ʱԼᵽó˵ĵͷͬˡ
ʾȥЩһжӺƵķԸȫ϶ԷûرܵʱһҪرܡ
ЦرܵǲãֻǿҪù󸮵һЩʳĺ͵һá
ȻƾˣȻǲ˿ģ
Ͳý𸮵ĳ￴һͬĲˣͬĶΪľôóԣ
Ϳ˳µ͡͡ͺͻ
Ϊ͹Գ͡ͺͽ͵ã׼Ĳǽͼ
Ҫʳĺܼ򵥣Ͼһֻǻ͡͡͡С㹽˵ȡ
˵ϾԽΪģûнͣǼ޷ɫֲɫ
⣬ǵϷ˵ͺڣ˿ͼ𶹸ͺ⡣
ͼ𶹸ÿ϶ʳģͬʱȽϼ򵥡
ڶĢõڣȻȺ󣬽ڵһ泯ȷм΢ƣٷײ΢ƾͿʢˡ
Ȼʱ˻ûꡣ
ҪЩõĶתɰУȻ⣬ˮټЩտ
տ󣬽ˮɰУСʮŨ֭ˮۺͣϴĩͺɡ
ԭͼ𶹸õģϧλ沢ûͣԱֱӼʳΡ
ˮۣΪλҪҲʮּ򵥡
ֻҪȥƤг״ˮֱѹ飬۾ܽ⵽ˮˡ
ˮʱֻҪעˮҪ̫࣬ȵѹ̳֮ȴˮĵ۳
֮󣬽ˮͿԿײһĵˣʣµֻҪʪɼɡ
ΪûʲôԺûдΪ
ֶеƫеƫ̣еŴڼҲеҪ⾢һЩֿڸС
һΣΪչ˽Ϸ˵ڣѡĿζ΢΢ƫڼ
Ϊˣÿһ˵Ⱥ˳ĳںԺУܹѸٶÿһ裬ң
ĵɴĶ绨ݣרע顭еһںһһĿĻ
ǳǺͬĴѾˣ·ſΧһ˱߹ĽҲˡ
λֿɰһǾ³ģ
ǰɶ˰ǰװ۵ʲôôû
˵λҲǿ¥ģ֮ǰү¥أҲ֪ô˼ݷϷ˵ģ

۷׷ף䲻ͻȻһ
ڸʲô˭
һͷһȻǴү𷫣һ±ŵøˣ
Ҫ֪Ǹղſɲ˳æµˣ˵ү
ūͱӣ˷ȥǻã
һʱ֮䣬˶ʱ˭Ҳҿ
ǻأĿһɨ˴Ѿϡ
ǽϷ˵ĵճĿغͳ谮޲õһۡ
Ҳֻн𷫿ʱϷˣκԼŮȴֻÿճ趨ʡʱŻϷ˾סͥԺûҪ¸Ϸ˵档
ΪϷ˵ĴѾߣߵĶȻᱻ˸߿һۣЩŮҲʮֿ
ڽǰ治ǡ
үλˣݷϷ˵ġ˸
𷫸ӺˣݷĸΪܵˣ
⡭ЩΪѡ
ҪϷ̸⣬Ϸµ˼Բ⴫ΪϷ˵ĴѾô˵
ڷôɣֻ¸ϴѾߵλá
Ҫ˵ôһΪѵı飬ýδ˵ڵ˼
ȻˣȥĸǶɣʮƽ˵֮ǰֿ˳еĺһۡ
ղûĻλҲǿ¥ģ⣬ΪҪأóˡ
ǰװ۵ĶʲôĪĶ
ɶ˽Ʋ
˼άܣƲһȻѺƵݲ˸߰˰ˣǴ󵨵ƲԷ˵Ҫ⡣
ò˵λ̼֮ҵĴүĶ̻ʮ
ƽ˶ãϲ˵Ѿһͬȥʱ򣬾ͷԭͤѾһӡ
⣿Щȡ
λķ⽨Űĳ̶ȣԼһѻ鸾ݷãӲӦûرܲŶΪνϷȴǸأ
ƾȵĿ⣬ϷЦŸ˽ܣˣλҵĴӽ𷫣˵ºܸȤ
ӣڽҵĵλжߣܶöӣЩںƶתȴûб¶ЦеĴ˸кӣǼһ˵Ĳ˰ɣ
ղŽѾӽϷ˿ȷ˺ƵݣĲ˸Ӻˡ
ˣĳͲˣлˣЦŵͷ

367½үĶˣ

ڽʮܳ裬ҲųʮгϢ
᲻ѧҵгɣ翼ţо츳Ÿ״˲ٲҵ
ܶ˶˵ǽ־ڿƾ٣˵Ѿ˾ȥˡ
ȻЩ˵ЩţϾ𷫲Ŷʮ꣬ҪоˣٻҪٶ顣Ͼź;˿мһԽĺ蹵о˿٣ҲǿԼһЩ˰Ȼ̽ѧ
˵ǽһصĽӰˣ۽ʮָߵġ
ܱϿ˹񣬿ɹȴʲô˶Ըύġ
ڣȻ˺ƵİߣⲻýϷӹһ˿ɫ
ˣû뵽ĳãֻζˮˡϷ˲߿佱ʮָӡ
лϷ˿佱Ҳûǫ飬ЦеĵлȻָ̧ͽ𷫽һԼˣԷƷ
ҲȱǮȻͲȶӡ
ˣƷȻҪͼ𶹸ˡ
˵ϷͶԶʮֺˣȼһ鶹ǰСС
ںһԲεĶȻȥͼ͡
Լжʱȵģ
ҧһڶ
ۣĢڵýϷܵ
˼ʮ꣬ǵһγԵ˺θڵʳ̲סθڴ󿪣
ȥֳһڶڣ΢΢е㾢ȴڣζ˻ζ
û뵽óԣӿ۽簡Ϸ̲סпţӿһɳ嶯޲ʹӦƺʲô
ǣղŴӦ˴ӽ𷫣ҪýԼ̸ҾͲ̫ˡ
һ꣬ҲûпͷƷһ顣
ʼÿ˽ֻһ㣬ǳһȦԺͻȻԼеʳǰĲ˶̫һӦϸƷһ¡
ְһ顣
ţЩ˵ζƷƷ
𷫰ԼһһڣȻ̲һ붼ɨ븹С
ϷԱ߿Ŀɿڴ
ûյĲȷʵóԣθڴ󿪣ûͷԲ˾ͳԱˡǵʳģûô飬ɽ˭ǿǽδϣǽҵӣ̼֮ңҲŬӵܵı׼𷫵ġʱϷ˼ڷϴڶãԵô㣿
ĸ񣬽ҲЩΡ
ҺСϵ̣ǸһЩģû¶״ȻĲ˲˹Ȼա֪ǲʲôƵĵϣŻ˺óԣΪκǰԹĲ˶һأ
ʵˣ
үȻһ¾Ͳµ˹ؼ֮ƿ޵ʵ˳ǵͼ𶹸֮⣬ʳĲûʲô⣬֮ζȫһΪ˲һĵϡϵ̸ƣֻҵĶطҴ˴ݷýϷ˵Ŀģ
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Ϸ˺ͽʶĵͷ漴ʶԼȻǣˡ
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370¹ˣһ

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ƵȻɿţЩ죬Ⲣһ˵죬Ľݹ͹ͻѧʮҩšʱ֮ĽɣϣܹԼ
ʲôԼѧ
ѵһ˵ҭ˵Ҳѧ˺ίı﷽ʽ
ξڰţҲɫģҲϣշؾǣ
ãȥ
ߺξͻȻӦƸûлشԼ⣡϶ʶ֣ΪʲôȴͻȻ¶Էأ⣬˵ίҲԼ߰ʱԼĺôˣ㱻һߣҲ˿û
пȥξڵɻ󰡣϶־ǣ
ΪȴûмԼȫ̵ξϡһξںЩǵĳҲһؼң±¶ݣ
̫ɶˣ
Ҫ취ЩļһǺߣ
Ҿûڵ֪ЩֻԺҲְԼ˷
û֤ݣƾ֮ŵΪġң˭ôĬĬԼ
죬˶îһɾڽĽѩ͹誵ʱ˽ΪöԷҩŵļɣȫָͬ㡣
һԶֱָĽѩ͹ܳ
˵Ƶڴʲô⣿̲ס˽¸Ľѩֹ
Ľѩ΢΢ҡͷֻ֪ҪԸ⾡ľĽǾͺã
ֻҪǶԼкôУںôģĽѩĲô⡣
ʵϣڵϹٴϻ
ΪϾǷźأϹٴϲô취ﵽǷ
ξں͹誶֪һϹٴ뿪ȥ߳Ѳ⣬ʵȴΪĽѩȥˡ
Ϲٴ֮ǰȥ˺ƣԤǧӶ𣬺ͬ⽫ʱӳ֮һ򻭵Ǯ塣
ڣĽѩ͹Ҫǰѧְ꣬ڳһ˵̬ȣĽѩЩϹٴϲܼʱϻ˼ܸϹٴϴѶ
ҵǣûüһѶڶϹٴϾͷ糾͵Ļˡ
һ棬誾̲סѺҪߵ¸˵ˡ
Ϲٴʮֲ죬Ľѩ֤
ĽѩͷǣһŸ㴫Ѷһ˭֪ûü͸ϻˡ
˵⻰ʱĽѩһ˫ˮϹٴϣ·޾ĵǡ
ϹٴϾԼĶƮ
㵣ˣ̲ס˵
Ľѩһۣǳ⣺۵ģȵ誶ã誶£Լܳȥô죬Ͻ誶ǣ
ǣǣϹٴæӦת幫Ҿ誶ãһҲԣϣһأ
˵ţӻͳһ̴ľӣ򿪺һֻɡǶһź챦ʯĽΡ
ֻεʮر𣬴Щ飬Ǵұա
誼۾һǷﶼΣ
ﶼұڣҲûǿ׳ÿұѰӻ
ȻﶼۣεĹȴʮر𣬴ƷҲԶԶȴұĹľ¡
ھǣﶼƷһ׷ǷﶼĹƷɻʵʹ
һֱϲﶼΣЩҲһ˲ʮȻϹٴ͵Ľΰ֡
誶ϲҾͷˡϹٴϷ·˿㣬¶Цݡ
ϣĽѩķһӰ
ѩҲӳˣϹٴĽѩȡһƱ
Ľѩڼ֮ɫˮӨӨ⣺㣬ҪȻĲ֪Ǻá
ʱûдɴ¶ɰݡ
ѩһõ𣿡ϹٴϾͼĽѩᣬǰסļοģֻҪҪģҶõ
Ϲٴϣ̫ˣΪĽѩ૵˵
ϹٴϽ§һЩ磺Ҳã˭ãһϲϲ
˵ţϹٴȡһӴ򿪣澹Ȼһͷ档
˵͸誵ĽֵӣôͷҪֵǧӡ
ĽѩϲͬСŮȸԾ⡢Ǹҵģ
˵ţȥͷ棬ȴͬŰɿ˻
У̫ˣҡҡͷҲҪѾҳôӣôƷѣһҽģ˾Ժһ취㡣ֻǣֻʱҪһЩ
˵ţĽѩ΢΢죬·ʮΪ飬ȴΣ
˵ʲô費ģѩѵҪôⲻɣҵľģϹٴϵͷͷһ£˵
ĽѩʧĴѳҡͷôУЩӼ֧ģȥԺ󲮸϶㡣ôΪұ
£ҵʱ𣿡ϹٴϻȻ˵˵ˣȥ׷誣ҶѾĻˣ
ô˵ҡĽѩҧ´˵ãܾöԲ誶á
Ϲٴ̲סǰһѽݺݵϴķ㣺ϲ㣡׷ֻǰڸ׵˵ˣҲϲңʲôԲģǰҪ㱣־룬װϲӲί㣡ҵѩʲôʱҲȢأЩȲˣ

373ĸ

ĽѩϴϹٴЩԣһ˫̲סе㲻ʵ
ϹٴϣһТĽѩһץס֣˵
ᣬҲ޹ǣ·ϹٴһʹͿԽƵһ㡣
ƫƫĽѩϹٴͷһ侲
Щ٣žҵţڻһ궯Ļ磬жͣһ
ΣĽѩľ룬Ǹ⣺ԲѩҡʵԽ
õǸסĽѩʳָѹס촽д⣬һοĽﻨ
ĽѩԽϹٴϾԽǸж
ǣҲĽѩѴοܸĽѩݡ
ŶĽѩΣϹٴϲԽ׳һֻϣһԼȢԷţõĶԼŮӡ
ڶ죬ĽѩֵĺȻĸѧҩţȴų³һˡ
ԭҪһȥȴĽѩԲΪɾܾˡ
һȥһ磬ɫ谵ʱĽѩƣĻ
ѩ㣬ȥʲôˣô۳̲סĵʵ
ĽѩȥݷһЩǰҸľѡһ绹Ҫȥ˽̵ҩž鷳誶ˡһԺٽңòã
İɣϣһϸӦ
ĽѩЦ誶ãҺڡʵҲû뵽ǻߣǷһûгﹻԡ
ԭѩ㻹ӣǴҰ취æ˵
ĽѩҡҡͷôУҵ˽£ͷҡңռҸľѾӦˣֻǳﱸҪʱ䣬ȡһˡ
̫ɶˣôӣһʣҪھǣҿ϶ŹҧгݵĴ򱧲ƽ
ĽѩЦǷһǧƽ𲢲ЩˣԲŻԼŪǱ
ѩ㣬ĵ̫ˣίԼĽѩͺ˷һһȽϣ誸ƲϺˡ˺˲ôôأ
ĽѩЦЦûм⣬ʵǰ㻹ԹϹٴܵӰ˼һˣ㿪˰ɣ
ѽѩ˵ʲôأЩΪĶ˶š
Ľѩһ֪Ĵģ׷ôˣΪӾǸǮģĪûһ㶯ģ
⡭誳һ£΢죬ҲϹٴǻֻǵմӰһạ̊́ûй
誶ã뷨ˡҲͬĽѩɫ˵һֱÿ˲ܹԷû㣬ӸλΣЩ޵ӻϹٴȻֳ̼ϲġǼ޹ȥ˵檣ֻרĶһ˺á
һ˵Ĺ¶֮ɫ
Ȼ誳ã۰Ůʵﲢ巿С檣ΪЩС檵һ㶼֡
¸誵ӰܴϣԺɷֻԼһӣԺûŮ˷ĵġ
Ľѩץץסһ˲ߡ
ѩ㣬Ȳ˵ЩˡҺú롣Щգʱ׿ȥˡ
ЩֻҪ㵽ֹĽѩЦЦ˳ת˻⡣
ƶĽѩͻȻٲûʲô飬˵һҲǽ̣ҲѧԷǮˣѧѧʲô¡
һ˼̻ṫǶʮҩţȻ϶Է뿪
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˭֪ĽѩóһǧӵƱ
û뵽ԷôӣʱһǮ˵ĸо
Ʊһ£ȷұǮׯʱȡԺ󣬺ҲܸɴĽǷĽѩ
ˣǮԺĽݹҪʲô;ܿڣһһţõӣãЦе˵
ĽѩŻҪһһѾɫˣһ˭򡣻Сÿͦ󣬾Ȼ˵ԺҪʲôһ
ʱĽѩЦMMP
΢΢һЦ˵պ裬˵ûҪ鷳ˡ
˵˵ǻӭɵǮĿ˹١
Ľѩ誡ξںϹٴ˸뿪
ǰĽѩźպȥǣ֪ͨһǺþ֮ꡣ
ǣΰôæԺúñôУ˵ֵʱ򣬹Щҧгݡ
ξڳһȭˣڣ
ΨϹٴֻǿ˺һۣһԵûдк˼
ʲô̬ȣƲŭһεԺҲûټĿˡ
ôȥǣһƵǸˣŸȨӵܡǲǲ
˵ҵǰţȥ
Ľѩ뿪ԺԺһ¿տƾ˶̹ˡ
㣬Ҫҿһ¶˵ĲˣģĲ˾ͽƵһʱҵںԺСæµĺ
ɻУƣҲеģ
ЩΪĽѩ͹ڳѧϰҩţԺܿ㵽˺ԺСҩš
ԭͻˣźѧһʱ䣬Ҳģġ
ںƿȱľţȱľɡ
ܲΪҾ¥ͰסĶȥ˰ܹ֣ڼɵ¡
㣬˵У϶УõģڵĳձЩ¥ĴҪöˣĺļ򣬹

374»ش壨һ

֮Է㣬һǺĳȷʵȥֻһЩϸڷ洦ĲλڳĴˮһȪȪķôͨ˿ɿڣ֮ơ
īѾڰƽ˵أ˵ԼҵķӲԶտ
ҪҪһʱ䣬⻹漰й⡣
ѡ϶԰ƽĴȣ͵ˣҲԲн
һκƻȥǺӡ
ҲʺϵСǸں߸һչ֡
ںƿúӣƹʮϲּģԾ¥¸ˡ
صƽ壬ƲŴĸк
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ƽ͵¥벻ˣڰæӡ
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Ҳǣ˵ҵ׼˺Ͽ
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ֻһֳʳˡŤͷԼҴŽգʵˣӿҵ𣿡
ĵǱأҲڰæأⲻҪͷȥأʤֱ̧̧Ͽŵĳ
æҪæãҲһȥҰá
òãʤãһ߶һ˵ӳ಻˵Ҳǰ׸ҹǮˣĶأ
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Ϊ벻̫Զȥ̫ˣǺƱúȰϻؼҡ
Ϻڼң׳׳Լڼҿš
ƿŵʱ׳׳˳⿴˭ˣֱ˺¶ŷ˵Ľһƽ㡱
׳׳þò׳ʵ˰ƿ׳׳֮ǰöˣСһ·ˣɺο
׳׳ܲ˼ˡ߹֮нȫƽҩŵ壬˺ңҲһǷ˵飡ΪǺ˸ġ
׳׳ȥǱ߿һȥңѯʡ
׳׳ܶµ˵ƽ㣬Ұɣߵʱ˵ˣҳȥҪѼҿá
УԹԵǻƿµĺӾ̲סϡӳóһĵݹȥǸԵģ
ллƽ㡣׳׳òлһʵСϵܵʲôʱ
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ƿŲģҼǵҲģȻͷҸȴһ£ҲȥϸСһɣ
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Ͻҡҡͷƽ㣬ҡһǲȥˡҵ
СӻԼ˵Ųȥˣȴװ׵͸¶ſ
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ʤվڴſڵرɫ߹ȥֽʤ첲ϵ˹
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ʣæﺢ˭
ŰŴء˵ҼϴʮˣСҲû⡣
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أֵúϲ£أ

һһģܿ͵˽ĵط
ʯ߽ҲڣָڵشػɵȻġ
ԶͿ˺ƵӰӭ˹ƣˣ
Ъȿˮƿ۵ͷ󺹣Щۡ
ﺩЦӦһȻ˵ڵ
Ϊ߽ڣԺ˴ʯ߽
۲Ҫ̫ߵҪ޷ǾǷӽʵЩůͨȵȡ
һκĵغܴڵ֪׼ظʱ̲ס䡣
ڣڸ˵¡
˼ǵʱ֣ܲȽԼ˰ţҲô׬ǮʱûӦ˵˵תһĻѯƵ
ˣʵȴǺƺīԼҴӦŮ¡
ƳһµȻǰѽڴǴ˸ɣôҲ׬ЩǮƸ˷ϸѹأʲô˶ʱ¿Ǵ鷳
ʳҪ϶ǱȽϸߵġ
ңʹͶʱԳ˭
ͶץˣҲǻˡ
ǰھͱЩõͷɱѿر֤˸ɾûκ⣡
ţ˵һȥһүүҰɣڴ˵¶϶û

375̫̫

ڳ緹
ͷӣҶǷ˴ˡŶãȻҪʲô̫̫̲סֹ
ϱһۣ˼ҵǮԸʲô͸ʲôӵġԷ
ǡҾǺϼҶĶôǮѵСӵģ˵֮ܲǰµģϾǸʱҶüˣҲˡ̫̫š
˹ĺһھƣһ죺Ǵģǲʲô˼
˵Ժӿ¥ȷʵ˵ỰҳҲô۸ģҪǷ̫̫Ļû˵꣬ͱˡ
һı˵Щеûģ˰˵ɶ˵ɶֻҪʲô¾СһαظǼ£Ժǿ϶Ҫ˵ġ˵˶٣·뵽ʲôƵ˵ûҲŵɱҵܵ˼ҺҶȥ£
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ɶһֹˣ۸ҶȥţǲҲ𣿡˿ڲ˽˽ȥ˵˵ˣʱҶǸ϶Ҫڴ˵ġ㲻һֱϴֵûɶϢǾͿԸԸȥɻ׬ôҲֵضࡣ
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˵˽˵С£֪ǮôߣĽĲˣϴͱȺС꣬˵ȥʵڲ޲ôҲȥƵľ¥ɻĴӣȻҪԶΪصġ
һӣȢϱԺ˼ңġ
ϲ˳סڰƽ壬Ϊ˳Ĭԣ̤ʵϸɣֵصһѺ֡
ϲţ˺ö궼оˣԺȥ˰ƽصѧõһҲȥˡ
ڶ̫̫ǲģӼ׾ݣ̲סʱʱӼЩȥ
ϱ˵ҲܿϱЩƽġ
ô죿дӵʱ򣬼ãҲûйӶ飬ŵˡ
Ϊˣ̫̫һֱԴ
ôһǰ̫̫˼Ͳɻ
Թ緹ȥϢᣬͺˡ
ͷӣϽѾͷˣ̫̫ɤųһȻЦкͺˣ˵ʲôǱææҪ־͸˵ǧˣѾͷɶʱİ¥òã
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̫̫ҡͷţţˣǳԹ𣿲ĻԵ㣿
Թˣлл̡ĵл
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ʱԭѾ´ѾڿϴЬѾͷ˰ʲô𣿡
Ҳûɶ¡ò׻һˣүү̴˵Լĳʳ֪ϲүү̵Ŀζ˵ţϣȡһϴСС̳ӡ
Ь˵أĴţɶզ̳װ
ǽˡư̳ӸǴ򿪣һɺֵܹζ
̫̫ˮݣ˱ӿʵɶ˰ôе̲أ
Ҳ˵̲˵һְɣ̲˺óһЩʱ׼꣬г˼ֽ˷Сүү̣ǳ
ƹϣ龣棬Ķκܲ
˵Ŀڸƫߣ˵ܲǺڸȷʵõģˬڣʮֿθ
Ǵ죬ԼڽˣҲúʳ
̫̫װĶǺƽĲˣûпسԼҵĿӹһƹС
ԡһһھҧ˰ƹϣڿп֨֨Ĵڶǽƹϵζ
ƹϡͦó԰̫̫Żƹϣ̲ס
ƹϾˮ˰ģŽĥĥУҪζһƹϵζ֮⣬ɶζҲûС
ǺƴʲôˣŻƹԭζһ̵رˬڣģ̫̫޲ȥѹʣʢųԡ
ϰ佱Ҳļһ鳢˳̲סͷѾͷǾˣ׼ĽˣҪǸ
ûүү̾⽴ζΣĻ˻𣿡Цеʵ
ڣ̫̫˵ǻʣҪ⽴ˣҶٶһ뷹ҪǼ۸񲻹Ļ϶ģʱҲɻǮ
۸϶̫󣬲ʱܼ۸ͻ΢һˡƲû͸¶۸񣬶˽˵һ֮
׽˹ؼ㣺죿Ѿͷ˵⽴˿ԷŵҲỵ
е˼Ҳ̲˹εļ۸̫÷ε˼ȫҲûмԴ˶ûʲôˣԵʳܵһ
ܳԵôɿڿθĽ˵Ļ̲ס͵͵һڿˮ
԰˶ԴҡЦеĵͷȻ󽫻ͻȻϣҵ˵һ¾ܸȻҾҪ׼ˡʱ򽴲϶Ҫ֣Һ͵үүָġ

376·޷޲ƽˣ

Ҫ֣
̫̫һᵽɤ۶Щŵĳֱʹɫ
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⻰˵ʮֳúͺοˡ
үү̵˲ҪҼϿľ¥⻹ȥǰ¥ٶīҳղҺϻ￪ȽǺ˿϶Ҫ˵ģҾŬȡһ£Ǵ˭пͿԵүүڣҲû˸ҡ˵ĺǫ飬Ҫ˼ȴס
ҽǾȡܿڰƽģǺƸƽĴȡĸ˵ҵĻǾѱ˼ӻԸԸڴˡ
Ϊܸ׬ЩǮǾͲԹۣµסУ
ҲǸϳɾģƻ˼
ѾͷҡͷʧЦǸ飡ﶼʵˣ۶Ҳ֪˭
үүΪҵ̫ʵ˰㣬ǼҪ۸ĻȥƵһ˵󻹲˼ͷ
ԭͳúãټϹȣϡ
ϡѾͷװε̾㰡㻰˵ˣүүôܲæģֻҪռүү϶
Ǿллүүϲ̵ĵл
̫̫Ŷ˰죬ֻӦæȴڲӵ²ЩļԼʵѾͷ̸°ˣɶҪû
ûɶҪŮУֻҪʵϸɣûЩ˼УʱÿϹĸʱ緹ڹǮĻʱû϶һʮǮġƽԼҪܸĴ˵һ£ҶԴºö඼̫ףԼСĵ˭ʱйҪүүҰѰѹأ
ʮǮںƿȷʵЩͣǱϾûиֱӰѹǮ˵̫ߣЩ˴˼
ŮУһʮǮⲻ֪̫̫Щ˵Ĳˡ
ʮǮں٣Ƕڴȴúܶˡ
밡ܶŮİ춼ûɶ£ȥڼٳһٷܰװ׸ʮǮأ
ʮǮģ
ϴʹϱȥĻһʮǮһ¾ǡǺüǮɣ
̫̫㲻ˣֻ֪ɱֵغʶˡ˵ҪˣպũУûɶȥ
뵽̵ģ޲ھȥӼϢǡ
֪ϰ˼Ҳûж˵ʲôӺʹϱԸȥᷴԡǴȥ˼ѾͷҲӦ
Уֵ㲻òģʱҰѹأЩ߰˿϶Ҫ˵
˼Ȳ˵ԴһӾͿ϶Ҫ
ڴЩ˼ҺóЩ˼͵ˣЩ˼ʵڿ죬ٻġ
ĳŵЦøˣлүүүүڣҾͷĵİѽ۴
˵ţóһľУѴӾǴĲҶүүһС
ʵҶĽѩǴġԭ׼͸ϴģ˭֪ϴûգͱƲѹˡ
ǴģƤһʶ̧˺һۡ
ɫȻ˿ûҫ֮⣬̲סипѾͷǳϢˣȻύ˾ǵѣǿǾǰ汲ֻȴ޷󼰵ĵط˲ã˲ð
ĿĴɣ̸
̫̫Ǻͺƶʮָˡ
뿪֮󣬺ҪϻظǱߣûиȥǴźӳһȥ
ظڴȻ󲨣𶯵ľҪˡ
ʱ˼϶˺Ҷڻҵӣһж޷޲ƽ
İǣЩҲûТǣ˺ҶҲǳ˭ҵķģûǼָҩܻ죿ҵĴ̲ס߶
̾˭뵽ܻһ֣Ȼôӣ
£ʧˣ֪Ӧٵһȵģҳ׺󲻸üŽɨسš
ҲǸöǷأѹʵҲŹ
̲ס̾˿ǰͦʵģ뿪ô꣬׻Ǳ˰
ȫûзʡԼ˼дڹҡǷУ嵱ȥƴ׬ӻ֮ӦϽҸӦ˽ӣ
ǲ룬֮ԳȥΪҾƶԲϷˣȲѲҡ
Щ˶ٿͷ˵ЩҲΪ
֮кӣҲȫǵӲʳǡ
Ӳ֪жҲͰˣһ󣬶Ҳ䲻ȡŲʵġˣԼòӣôԸҳҩǮ
ڣȻ˼ҲТԼ˫
ҵĴ󲮺ʹ常ӵĲʱͻȻԺű죬ſںڼ𣿡

377¸˵Ľ棨ĸ

ϴӴԺſŵǵӰʱ̲סѿڶôˣ
˭һ䣬Ҳ̽ͷȥʱһ㶣ҵϱôˣ
𣿿϶԰԰ĺӣȻǼЦģûĴ
ʱƺͺվҵĴ⣬˰춼˳
ڼ𣿡ֺһ顣
ղӰζ˭֪Ȼװû˳ػ˵ʲôë
ӣţƵĺľˡ
Ӧһǰһվ첲žҵĴϡ
ֻҴŻ£ӵ˨ֱӶѣֱͦͦҵ˵ϡ
סˡŶ˲ˣôסҲ˰
ú˵˿ҵЦϳȥ֮ǰֻһ䡣
Һýϴ϶ҶȥϣȻֻҪˡ
ֵ뷨ڰƽҲͷ˼ң֮ǰ»ڶսСڷּҳȥҲռģΪ֤Ҳ˵ʲô
ں֣ҲǶԷʧȣҿץסһ£ܱ¶ۺӵ£
ԸЩóТԼǱòˡ
ְţʱûг˼ϳȥ˵
ݣһǵڵϵİԺţϵĻͻͻͻð
ӴⲻҵϱզһͰҼҴŸˣҪҵ𣿡ϹɤţýַھǺҲġôչԼ߶ռġ
Ȼһ˵껰ʹЩ
ɻûЩھӳ֣ƱȿˣǶԲ𰡣¥ĻƱֱŵģøžȻܰԺŸĵˣԺŸϣҪ޲ãҸµԺŰϣ
˵꣬ʹ˸ɫӣŸϽԺŰϣ
ңҲûʹԺҲ̫ʵˣһ͵ˣԸţǰһֽԺץͿʼޡ
˵ԼԺǽͿ컵ˣǵ
ɫЩÿƻ˵ˣҪԷӣҲ
ˣǸ𣿶ôˣҲ뻻µģǿ˵ҵӲܶɲЩƤǳĳôѿϱʲô£Ҽǵõ뿪ŵʱ˵ԺҲô̫߳ˣ
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ּԺһζţڳһϾϵͻȻſ϶ҡǺ˵ҰæĻϾ͸ҺݺݵĲȺƵ棡
ЦЦ˵ﻰȻҺ»ڶһҵļױǱϾҵĳЩҲְĸҿҩ˵ܻ죬ȫǵչˡҼȻ޸ôܲЩأҺõģҿɶպһһأ
ҺõĻرǶҲõأǲǾͻᱨˣ
ƺڱʾҵĳϸһƷȴȫô¡͵üױҵӡһ׮׮һڷ
Ƹ߲ƣҵģ
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ңҶ˵ˣҺҲ᲻ЩҲŻش壬ⲻæ¾͸Ͻݷ𣿡˵ţƿϵĸǲ¶Ķ
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ǹ͵Ҳб⻹Ҫõģοһ»ڶͽǸߵĺأ
ҿ˸ϱථ£ܸТ˳
ҳһɣð
ǰ˵ϵľ¥ѹûͳӣǺ³˵ģû뵽Ѿͷգ֪ҼСˣ
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˵ûغҶҪǴǸ˵ԺǴ˶ҪմϺˡ
£죡Ͻ˵˵զ£

һʱ֮䣬ЩעתƵ˽棬ЩĻҪǮƵ˵ºƵģɤһһ
ǶĺƵƨҪҧˡ
Ķһֵ𣿵ƿǴҪʮӰʮ⣿Լϡһ
ղźͺƼϵĽûռˣЩĴǸһȫƫ˺Ǳߣɰϸˡ
ϱ嵱ûٸӰɣ⺢ӷĿɹصģʮȻģһڷ綼û©ǵǰһأ˭֪ȴƵķǣ̫ˣϵûסӵ˵˳˵״ĵĳ۽ǲȥһѹģ
ǵһͣ׷
ʲôһӣһʱ¼ˣһӾͳӰһլظ·ӣһӶ˹ȥס⼸䷿ӡҾ˵֮ǰһӣȻĶӸҩأ
嵱뿪֮󵽵׶ʲôô׬ôǮ
һʱ֮䣬ǶԴ˺棬Żһִƺ߳Ӿ׬ǮƵġ

378Ѱңһ

û뵽ϻͻȻѻ⳶ϣ㶣ͷһı飺˵ҵĵһӣ𣿡
ϻشԴ˵ܰɣôûиأǾ¥ҲҳǮİ֣ô֪ģ
˵̧ϣǲӻİҲǣԼôһأТǣѵһŲɣ
СӻТǣѪ
ƿܺߺƣȻŤת淴ҧһڣ˵Լҵӣޣ
ϱɱ˵ϹԴ߳ҵĴţɴûлִĶ˵Тˣϻ
ûл뵽ǰһԼѯǷؼˣ˵һصƽ壬һȫصϣɸջû뿪ˡȫ岻ģȥ¥
ʱ϶ǳʲô£ûͻȻش塣شûлңȥĶأ
ţͬʱְûڣΪʲôʱԼûжģȥһҵ׷ʲô¡ҪȻҲô
ȻûлعңôҲûбҪٸϾȥ˷ʱ䣡
뵽ƹϸǣĿҺԹȻˣҾͲȥˣЩҵһ⣬Ըվ£ǲԸգҲû˵һεðˣҾͲŴˣ
˵ŤͷӣӣԺ޺û
˺ˣңҵģܱû֮ǰʵ˵Ժ֤
ȻԺŲ˲ȴȻεδ¡
ĵͷȻ޺ˣǾ߰ɣ˼Ҽſڰˣ
˵߾ߣͷأʮ䣬ֻһӶҵĴſڡ
ЩĿͺƺͺ뿪Ȼ߲ԼͬĶϣֱ˴˽һ񣬷׷ҡҡͷ
ҰĿǳö˶˵ķҪҷֳȥʲôҪȻĻǾ¥ǲǾһˣ
ϧӴڿ˼СӹĺˣۺˣͿʼҵӣǡ
ûֿˣҲԻ˼ţֻһȴ̫ˡ˵ˣˣֹʲô£ѵǻҪզ˼أ
ϻҺͺӶҪΪͰΪԼҵˡûµӸҺͺƿ¥ô׬ôǮǾ¥Ӧҵģ
ںµȻֵӣôأ
ҪϰЩˣûǸ
Ҫ֪ЩһǧҲĲˣҵĵҲûдǰˣ׼ĶΪβҪ
߳ԺԺһػš
ƿûȥ˵ôģһӶΪӰˡ
ȥҵʵĿΪ˴̽ҵ٣˭֪ȴһ
ȥĶأ
һպԼΪζûжһЩģԷŵ㶼֪ааʮԼʱ׻Ҳ˵ԵõЩ
ذƽһ񣬺ǿžһЩעʯ߽ˣȻúӼݳҴҵķϡ
ϡԼ´˶Ϊƿ϶ڴҹ˭֪֮ǰȻϻˣɳһ
֪ƻûԷæ³ȷˣϺ´ĵѯʺǲʲô¡
ûʲô¡Ǳһжͦ˳ģүүҲ˵ҪӦšôܽʧٵ¸ˣֻԼһĬĬš
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ͷİɣкأ
ϲ˵˵ô£һŶ˶ˣôŶûУеˣ
˭Ҽ޳ȥŮĲͣһ˴ž¥ؿշŮ˶֪ܵȥˡ
ȻҲ˵ҳȥȥˣҲΪ˶׬ǮӶǶࣿôӦõżôдŻߴŻɣ֪˻ᵣ
ϲ˵϶ܵǡ
鲻ãǿ
룬϶ƾί
Ҳ̫Űɣ˵ⲻͦõ𣿾¥׬ӿɶҵĿڴأǿŶϿġ
ϼǸǿջЦӣ̾˺ˣȺ÷ˣϽȥһڰɣϴϴ˯㶼ˣ
𣿺Լա
극Ʊ׼¥ЪϢ˭֪´ȴʱӷס
ƣп´ſ˵
Ӧð
ſ˳ס´ĸ첲ԷһݣȻЦʵ´𣿡
Ҳûʲô¡´һ£ʵǲǳʲô£ˣ
һ߾ǽһѶºܲ
˺ƵĽڣ´ɲš
ƿЦҡҡͷ´ûܡʵҲ֪ô¡Ҳҵʸ
Ҳ֪ȥĶ𣿡´ͷ룬ʣǲȥ׼ҵˣ
ϴε˱߳Ĵ´һֱǶԷ鷳ǹôöƽ˾ġ
ɲĴ˻ô׵İˣôΨһĿܾҳֽЩ鷳
ǿǱ߳ǵĵͷ߰ҵνأ

379ºͿտ̸̸

ʱƹļæµֻججģʱ´һѣǿ·Ĵ
Īȥ˱߳ǣ
ͻȻӿһɳ嶯Ҫȥ߳ҡ
ͷһ𣬱ѹҲѹסˡ
´Ҳô¡ģģڲڣͰĵסҼȹʱ䣬ĺһЩˣҾʹȥʦ۾ƼҴҵһ˵꣬Ȼ뿪ˡ
뿪ʱҵĽŲ´̲ס΢΢̾˿Ѿͷ϶ţֻ˵ҲͨˣЩ²Լôģûм׷ʡ
صԼԷԺ󣬺ƾþòƽ
ڴշת˰죬ͻȻ˵տգҪȥ߳ǣ
ռĿտնˣˣҪ˼ѽ
ƺܼѾ˼ˣҼпڱ߳ǣȥ
տҪˣˣ˼ҪҪȥңﰡ
һ㶣ȻҪˣôҲģ
տհ̾ˣ㲻ᶯ˰ɣˣռʮԺҪ뿪λ˰ʱ򻹲Ҫҷֿ
ƳĬƬ̣˵տգһȥˣͺջˡռ䵽ʮǺܾúܾԺ£һҶҪȥˡտգЩҹĺ࣬
տղףȴ֪Ѿ˾ģԼ˵ʲôıˡ
ȥ߳ǵĻһĴ˷ˣǺΣյİǸǸƷܻļһһ˵òô죿
Ƭ̣տڰĿˣˣʵʵҪҵĻȥ߳ǡ
ţһµӴԺͷһ˾ͽ˿ռ䡣
ռһץһֻɫСʱС
ɫСĳץסֵڰаȥֻҵš
ˣˣ飡տĵ
ޱĶźɫС۾Ŷ˵˵Ϊʲô֪Ҳڱ߳ǣٿҪҪ飿
ˣӣտ֪ˣӡɫСģˡ
˿ΪЦ֪˵˵ԼĶˣ
Ķˣտ´βˣǶŭտպʶʱĵġ
ߵץſտյĳ䰴ˮֻһԴʵ˵Ķô֪ڱ߳ǵģ
ˣտտһҪңһʱļһһҵλáɫһһϣ黹ͣ͵źƵɫһ仰˵ǵ˲ˡ
Ȼޱ飬䣺һ־Ϳһ˵λ˵˵һǶ٣
ô֪Լռ仹˵ĹܣտռֵԼ£
˵һռ䣬ĿռְΪ˽ܿռ书ܣ˸õÿռ䡣
ԼռֶʲôռĹܺܶ඼Լ˵ģһԻ׬֣ԼС̣⻹ˣ
źԽԽڵտպ飺ʵʵûжˡ
տպСС˵һ֡
٣Ƶۡ
ɫС̧ͷһۣɪɪ塢ٵ֡
ٵ㣡ǺǺǣǳ˰ƺռ֣ӰӰռʹá
ô˵֪֪ЩԼ˶ð
뵽ٵѰңͻȻûôˡ
ʱų򣬴ˮĿտջŵһƣһŭ֮˺Сײ¼
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տգ̸̸ưѿտմӳ˦£ȻԼĵϣŬɫӡ
£ӣǲǱԼҪŤˣ˵̬кֵܶľٶͻȻ޳
տĵСȳ룬ȻӲһЦտ̸ʲô
̸̸ܵ¡Ҽǵøλʱƺ˵лֶ̽İλˡռֿλķϰ߼֪ʲôʱһѰ˵ĹܣһգգĶſտգƺʮ⡣
Խ⣬տձԽ˲ɱ
տһǿĿռ֣һʱ˶Լѡ
˰ǰûܣǿտջ֮ŷŭСȻԴ¹ܡտ˹ȥóס˺ƵСȣͲ޵һѱһˣտձϾûù¹ܣһʱ֮ҲҸˡǿ˷Ҫȥ߳ǣտҲðһ԰ˣտնؿɼ¿ɱ
һεζӺɫС۾һᶼ۴ˣر졣
һɫıǰ˵һֻܿ޳飬ҲΪˣ
ۿſտվҪͱ䵽Լˣһѽһߣˣ鵽ҵҲǽˣҾͲ׷ˣ֮ǰ˵㲻֣㶼²ΪûУ
ˣˣлл˴˲С˹ܳŴտͷһƨ˹
Ҳ֪ռֶǴĶѧģôôǿأѵڸ߿Ƽˣţ̲סСֹǲӦͼƷԱ˵²ƷƷȻһСС覴ãӰʹõġǣΪʲôҾ覴еడܲǲдƷԴγõģ

380̣

Ƶֹտո飬ŲӴǰĵͷںƵϲ˲䡣
ˣ˼ܲƷǰЩռʲôõģһĳпտôƽⰡ˵ǲǣ
ܣҲԡźͰƨƺĽҴ
տնʱҭסˣԲһˣͷؽƵĿŤŤȥˣ˼ӦͨҿտյԸİôԹӲŲտأӡ
ιιι˦ҿɲʲôʱˣƿûӵľ飬ôǵԼտա
տպܲ˼̧ͷ˺һۣɬĽͷ굽ƵĿ˵ռԺ濽16GС˵130GСƬ
ۣ
ˣ
ǲǲʱδ
Ķ֪Լ˽ؾƷܴԶӰ졭
ԿտյЩ밮齻ڵС˵Ƶﶼѧʲô
ΪëռʱǸԱҲ˵ɿˣ
֪տյԸǺɵģĪеΡ
һԼ̻˺ӵĸо
һŰֽ˵۾ˣ
ȿȣ˱ˣƸɿտʵ㻹ͦɰģԼϲãӦ䣬Ҿֱ˹ըˣҲû괩ĻᡣֻԺʲô£ҪĺãҪԼ֪𣿡
ӣտ֪տˣɫСΪЦС嵽ƻ
ԴʵҲڱ߳ǣ
տһص㣺ڴƽ̺Ժ
ңȻصôƵĻڵһˣҧÿ죬ͳ˿ռ䡣
ʱѾˣﱳתȦ׻ûס¾ͳš
˵ϰ߷ǳã˯
ʱסһ¥ĺϡ˶Ѿ˯ˣƷ˽Ųŵ߳˶С¥
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Ὣ̧𣬺Ƴź󽫲
֪ʱԼһ˳źܲȫ֪ҵټ֮ͺһӣͣѿܲˣһ϶סˣ޲ھͼҡ
ڵĽֵϣһŮ񱼡
Ѿɢͷû𣬾һӭƮĺɫġ
ʱаһ±ơ
ܣݶԾһ·档
ҹĸҪȥĪΣ
ô죿ҪҪĸοȥһ˿ǲǲ̫ã
аԺ˺ܶͷ˼Լ·϶ֵĿԡ
ûж֣ͻȻĸܵķ̫ԡ
ϸһϡ
ԲۣĸҪȥ̰ɣ
ʶһ㣬а˶ˡ
ɣĸô̵֪ģĪӵ뿪ʱɶˣаʮ͸¶Ŀڷ磿
ǣԼڸô죿аҳһţǲȥӱŵʱ򣬺Ѿǰͣסˡ
ˣˣ
ҹ˾ڼžĽֵϻص
аòԱߵĵ̴ݶרıơ
ˣ̧ճȭš
Ķܴ³˵
ѾͷɢҹܳˣҪʲô
˭ʲôأԱߵ̵֨һ򿪣̽ͷȵ
͵ͷȫɢǰסݣȻԷ˵ԩͷծ
ڵ̵š顱һˡ
Цһתš
ȥݶаĿɿڴ
ţţƼûжԳɤӽе
ȻԱߵ̶ˣ˵Ҳ϶
ȴһ㶯ûУҲţǾè壡
ⲻ̵֪ĻҲͷۡ
ҹͻȻһŮţ˯žͱˣҪȥ֪ʱӸֹˡ
Ҫ֪˳ƺƹ֮⣬书İ
ôô
ǺкԺİȫˣˢˢľۼǰĵ
վǰˣ۾ںڰһգգĶǰĵš
һ֮⣬ƻţɤЩƣţ֪棡쿪ţ
е棬ɤѾЩЩǻ
ҵȭͷȻսıţһ˸ոڵϵıǹվñֱȴ΢΢
а¶֮ɫǰȰ䣬ȴԱߵаס
аųа΢΢ҡͷ
ʱֻԼͨ˲Уκ˶Ӱӵľ
һͻȻʧˣĺҲû
аߵģ́ŽյĵţĬĬţĸ߰ǧҪӾĸǧҪӣˣٽм˵ļӾˣ
аǵǵң΢΢üͷ
ӵĶٴηˡ
Ҳ֪ǲĴ֮ǰû뿪ĸ֮ǰڵĶһֱƵĺܺáԴӻԺ󣬶ʱԽԽ̡ȥӵ廹ŵס
Īĸа취ڵĶ
ΪλҪ뿪ĸ
аиɻ󣬵ȴӻѡ
ڵ˴ҳϢĵȴźƵһʱȴͻȻûϢ
ΣͻȻһ΢춯
˿Ű廬ڵϵ
Ķʱᵽɤۣһʶĳǰ
ʱ⴫һϸŵĿ
ңҺ㣬ҪҲòá

381Сȭȭؿڣĸ

ˣƣ
һ૱˶ٸ飬аζӣӿһԵɬо
а̲סۿһԼȥŵĳ嶯
аźȻ
˵Ķûҿ졣
ֻǰһѵһ죬ٳȥʱѾĸ§ڻˡ
һ˲䣬˶Լͬ³һ
ȷĴ򿪷ʽαŰŰεʹ߿أ
Ӻĸͺˣϲּ
ƣ㡭ô֪Լ̣Ϊʲôҹ̫̫Ļﶼں䣬˵
̧ͷ۾ɵң΢΢ί˵ôſŰҺ䣡
壬һС
ǳˣýһµĺƶɪɪ
Ҷ˵§
һתɵˡ
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ڸʲôҹĿ
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군ˣԼ߶Ůǿ˵迴Ҫ
ǰƻͷһ̸֪ʶḻĿ˾ʵȴһ䴿ޱȵС
΢һ¶ҲǻẦߵĺòã
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ǳé޵ģôĪߵǰˣҵøϽˣﲻסˣ
ȵңҲҹģһȥéޣ
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Ŵ̺ųȥȴֱһ뿪аѾܵĲӰ
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˷׷Ṧһ±ԶΪ˳·ǽͷ
书·̵ƺƹʱ棺
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ƹĺʮֹ۵š
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ĸܸ˼㣡аûпѿɫעźϵ˵
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ĸٲҾҪƷˣֱҵĴǰа˵仰תܡ
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˵ȷɵɵظ
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ղ⿴ҵˣߣں濴ţ˼ظһˡ
Ʒɿҵ˶Բߣȷ˵ʵ㻹˼˵֪֪ҵö֪֪ࣿЩôģƾʲô˵߾ߣ˵ҪҾͲҪҰƾʲôɶҺˣ
һʼֻתƻ⣬˵˵ţеίԹҲѹֲס׷˳
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տգ˲Ժҧгݵŭտյ֡
տʶԼʲô֮æˣܲԾ΢жˣǴϴˣҪҪռɨϵͳһȫȫλ찡ҪžŰˣҪžŰˣֻҪپʮ˵֣Ϊһȫλļ飡ΪİˣĶжֶһɣ

382ȫǶƱӸ

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ƣܲܲҪǰ˵ЩҵƵģƺ˺ܴ˵仰
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ΪһаʮһˣҪץԷɾˡ
պаʮһΪһߣ˭Ҳ֪ʲôʱĳҧԼһڡ
뵽аŶ˵ֱӳаʮһֹȥ
а߻ع΢΢ҧס´һ΢ɲķĩĶаʮһƮȥ
Ķаʮһ㣬ֽаķɳȥ¶СߣֱӸҽⶾ𣿡
㣡ɣа̲ס
ԭаʮһԤı˵һаԼĶҲµףΪľҪԼĽⶾ
аʮһаȥԼͲҪֱˣСߣҺƵĲ֮һ
Ṧ书а߶аʮһĶ֣Ψһ̵ĶҩаʮһǰҲͬ衣
ĪǽҪɥڴˣ
а̲ס۾ҡ
߷Хаʮһһƺߡ
㣡ôûȥҩǱߣаʮһ
аһԣƽɳȥаʮһһĵֱӷаʮһ书
ۡаʮһڰбһѪڵϹȦڵһţɫ԰׵Ķа㡢Ȼҵ书ݣ
书ѵ꣡ʱаҲӵؿ߹ִӻͳһذף˵аʮһֽŽ޺˵ں޲ýǧУǱ㣡յϢ˵
һߣаߵаקһ䡣
аͷȥֻа촽΢Ϣ˸ͣĸˣ
ĸˣаһһܺȻûзֺƵӰ
ʱ书ֽŽаʮһ̲סЦڼǶǣ˭֪մȴϹۣҲֶʱȴձˣתǿЦ̫Цˣ
ЦգݵɨааߺаţǺ⣺ܿܣˣûˣһҲΪǻסƣȡǵ
аʮһЦͻȻȻֹͷȻһᣬȻûϢ
ˡаƳһ۱㿴˶Է
аʮһڱа书ʱѾˡ
ʶһаʮһɫϣ촽ںڣŭĿԲĿааߺаҲܡ
˭뵽ǰսֵܻᱳӣԼε
磬ô죿аڡ
аʮһˣĸҲˣǸô죿аû⡣
аȫ֪ô£ΪƱ˲ʱаЩҲ˹
аһܣڴ̨ʹµλɨ˵ϾţаʮһʬȥСߣʰһȻ
˵գԼݶϵǸԾ˳ȥվݶ¿˿ȥһľ彫ݶϵƶʱסˡ
аŽаʮһϳԺаʮԱߣĿԡ
аʮһ״ңӾô͹ֱаʮŵаʮëȻнеǲ˵ֻҪʵһ𣿿ҽ⿪Ѩ
԰һֻ⣬ģа̧ȣЬаʮһ£Ц㲻ǺʮһĻҾúøʮһ׽׽
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аʮҽһŵñ۾ҳ
аֵ̫ѨȻһڣث֣
һаݶ»صǰаҲԼӲݲʰһ£ЩڵϵĶҩһ˳䡣
аһۣ¹ϣתվǰ
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ĸˣǻ
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аޱ飺ĸ˵غţ£Ҫʣ֪𣿡
аߴ˴յ˵ͷ
Աߵаſˣ߹ιǻӸͽǶץ𣿡
ϾţаʮаʮȥҩǱߣаͻȻԸ
аһ㶣Ҫȴаı쳣ࡣ
ðɺðɣȻСҪˣ治壡ģߵ̱аʮаʮǰһһץ뿪ˡ
ǰָֻ徲·ʲôûзһ㡣
ɵŵаʮаʮһʬȴ˵ŸղŵĶս
ͻȻƵ
аͬľ˼ָŹŵķŲ˵ĸ
ĸǽȥаһۣޱ˵ȻŽݡ
а߾Լܵ˺ܴľţ˺üսսš
һȥͿվǰϲ֪ʱڷ˶ʮСӡ
ԣתааߣк

391»бȸղζֵУ

а߻ŵһơ
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ղŻûԱٳһЩаһӲУδ˵Ļ˻ȥ
аֻһǺӵζӿǻһֺζǺԣûĲֱ³ȥ
ʲôⰡôаߵĻû˵꣬ͱƴֱϡ
аߣǲǺܺóԣֱĶ
аѡѳԡȥ¶һȿ޻ѿЦ֣óԣ
ţͶˣץʱϽ˰ɣĵͷ
տգϲˣʳں㽶ʮ֡
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ںţšȡըɶĻУ߲ˮմųԾʵе㡭
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ʱаѪ溺ӣԵںѡںƻںЩʱҲ̲ס΢΢ü
ܿҵ˼ɣǾǲҪҲҪͷʳŽֱ͵ɤۣȻȥ
óԣаǿſȵȶζӲ˵
аҲѵȥһ飬ޣóԣ
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Ͼĸ˵ˣЩ¹ظӽⶾĴ£ΪӣƴˣҹҲԹ޻ڣ
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ԣȥЩյѵ
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ſڵɫѿҲûƣȥ֮תŹϣа⡣
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Ƽ״üͷѦҽðһ䣬ڻʱýҩ𣿡
ûͬģҲѦҽƣֻʱȣʱòҩǡ
ýҩѦҽһ㶣վ㡢õ˺ݣ
վں͵̧ͷе𣬼ҪƲסȥǲҿˡ
ƽСϣżѦҽЦЦҲ

392漣ŷ

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ĸѦҽûԭ
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ѦҽԼһ¿ǲΣѾֳԼһԼ侲ˡ
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꺮ӦùˣѦҽܲãҪݲĻ취ƿϵĸǲ¶ĺݡ
ֲ¶ĲִԼʮңɫƫҶƫЩԲͷݣֻͨɫҶͷǾӨ÷·ʱγˮ
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ǡϵģǺݣѦҽ촽ˣǰҪȥҡߵǰʱȴûĽ
Ҫϸϣ
ÿֻܳ׳꺮ݾȻܳʮױȻϵˣֲļãԼ֮ǰֲſ˶ʮףɫֱǰ꺮ûȣ
׶ʦȷϣᶼˣǰһ۾ﷺĺ⡢̫ˣоˣоˣ
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Ѧҽ˵ﻰ֪ǶΪҺãУ𣡡Ϊӣ¹ĺͻȻúֹֻܲܿۿѦҽҲҪ˲ʧô˶ԷƹӴæȥ
ǰλΪβⶾģʮԹ޻ڡ
ǰȷʵԺƺܲҲΪҵԵʣǿҵϣҲΪѶԷ
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аа߳Զʱһܣһݶƶ֪ӿ϶˽ˣаǺܻܿͶԷһսϲѪûɾ
ȻѾסˣԾװ׵չʾҿ
һԺǰԴ󷽷ʹÿռƷܸԷĿŵֱӺȪˮ壬һҲȻỤ˴¼ĺϤ
˺Ƶ뷨Ժ󣬿տ̲סɣԸⱣ㣬ԺأѵȷⱲӶֻһˣ
΢΢һ㶡
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ռȼ˼ͿԶһǹˣ
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ıĹѪڣòľҪٵɣôѪȱ̻С𣿺ɡ
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ҾźƵһˮһȻ촽ƣô㵹ˮúȣ
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İ˼֮ʲôо
ӦÿԻһЩʹɣϾղŵĽⶾҩҩԺңӿ϶ʹ࣬ҩܹýҩͶҩĳͻôҡʦ˵ֻҪٺһµҩӾͿԳһ£˵۳һ˿΢һԼ˹ʱ򣬾ͿһĽƳˡ֮һأӿ϶ˣ
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ٴһأӻ԰ҩȥҪԼ鷳ҲõƶԺǺܾԶ飬˵ǸʱѾҽˣ
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һˢڸУǻа𣿸ȥˣˣ˿㣡
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ЩЩҡҪΪаʮ顣
磬ʮҲǱƭ˲Ż᷸ܲܰ飬Ĺΰɣ
ǰʮô˵Ҳһôꡣʲô˴ﶼһҲȫ
ԺǶӦʮһ㣬ʮˣ
ҪǵԺһȥ飿ʮҪǲˣȥĶ

ǹ¶ûˣ֪ںηĿУһͥӾǵĹǣ
аʮߣǲһִݺĸо
Ű飬аǳ죡ǵӵĻǶ߷𣿷˴ҪܷΪҪذĹأʲôʱӵĻҲֵˣǲӶ̫ãԼı֣
һѵһɰ׷ѵĵͷ
ȷʵӵĻܹɵģ
ΪֻҪִӵ
˲˵ˣаߵаʮǰͷͬһ̲̱ڵϵаʮаʮԼ۾ԼʲôУƾʲôߣ
ǰƾʲôߣаʮĿ͵ĿǰϵıֿЦ˵ţʲôɲã鷳һ¸ʲôһʲôã
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ۿаҪѵаʮ׷ǰ顣
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жĸѾȫûа㲻ˣϾӵĸȵģĸԸ
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409¸ϴԣ

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412˶Ǵӣ

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ѦϣƵңҲҵļҡƻңô͵أԴǵķ

413¹ٷϵͳĳͷ

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˵㲻Ϊ˶ңָ֪ôࣿ
ѦҽͲָҵıˡ
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㣡ҵţȥˣѦҽ˵
νʼ磬ѦҽҲһˣβ࣬β١
˵ദģʽֻģһѦҽͻȻüĿĹػԼˣֻ»Ӧء
һߣҲûѯʺΪʲôѦҽһ֡
аλߵżӣԼԴǳˡ
żǼһٰɣưͷʱѦҽԶһ㣬Ƣ̫ԵͷԼҹܣٰҲһ١
صѦҽȥˣȥ˳ˡ
Ѧҽаһ·Ϲ϶ˣҪ׼ķʢһЩǡ
һ׼ʳģһߺͿտ죺տգжˣҼǵһζһٻʣҺʣ˲١
ռĿտһ̬Ĭûд𻰡
̫ˣտǸ죬ʱ򼴱Ʋ˵ԼҲںԺ߶ͣ
ǽôô
ƾе㲻ԾѰ˸ֱӽ˿ռ䡣
տգտգƻһܣڽе
һռ䣬ͻῴֻ׾ĺɫСߴߴΧԼתȦǽտȴһ㶯ûС
֮£ֻĬĬٻտա
ΪռˣȻʱصٻռ֡
һ˲䣬һһ
ףտգôˣƾֵĿԼĺӡ
ڣɢһɺζܿչ˵ë·ɫ⡭

ۣˣտղˣտûˣտýסתƨɣͷƴƵָͷꡣ
ʵ˵ڿտתһ˲䣬ƺŵ˿ζ
ȵȣʲôԷˣָͷѿտת´ţòˣ԰Լ˰ɣ
ڿռռֲϲô涼С
տǲеؿζˣ
أˣ˵ءտɺӣеˮģϽĺڻҶˣһһģƤƵġ
ƺεôĴָᣬˣϽɣûë̫ѿˣ
˵ãһ˵տնȻ޵ĸˡ
䲻ˣأտղˣտտ޵·ʱʹȥһ㡣
ôܱ䲻ռֵװֲ·޷ָĵ
Ʋһͷˮô£ȸ˵ٿޣ
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ٷϵͳռֵĹߣ˵ռݶҪϴٷͳһԷ˽˵κΥ׺ͷɵ¡
û뵽ԼԽλˣտվȻܵٷϵͳļල
˵Լ
ԭǰˣѹֱյĶˣðһɽлζԣҪ뿾ˣ
տգ㣡Բ𰡣εĵǸҪ»ָ㻻󣿡
ģ˵㻰տˣԲ۾źơ
ƵͷȻҪϲ󣬴һף߻ҲС
ҪµģǸտҪ
Ʒһ¶һ̵꣬һƤȻҪٵ֡
ô̫࣡ӵˣ
̲סи̣ѹ֮ǰֻ᲻տˡ
˵΢䣬ͨĿտ²⵽˺Ƶ뷨˵ˣʵЩƤġÿһõ
Ŷ𣿺ǺǣЦſռֵװ壬ǰ˶ƤеСƷЩܼǲǻҺüǧ֣Ҷ֪㾹Ȼô󣬱͵͵ôණ
һƤٻ֣տĿǰףǧٻ֣ټЩĶô˵Ҳǧ˰ɣ
̫ɶˣԼͷˣܳĻ־Ȼôܹˣ
Լǧ֣ǲǾͿֱӰѿռȼ˼ˣ
ҧÿ졣
ǰЩƤƷܱˣûлְտæͣЩƳƤΪԴܣԲŻôģ
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տæĵǱͺ˵ͷģȥ̳鿴һ£տǰЩƤĶܱˣ
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տNɪǰǰɣˣտΪأԺտջƤͿº׽ʱʳĻӦоУ̣
տգ˼ܿԱ֤º԰ȫ㣬Ҳ£ƺʵ
տ˿ǣûëԴ꣺Ҳ
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ΣյĺðɣָԵĶ԰ԼҧᾨЩͼˣ˼еûһˮԼҪ㸹ˡ
֪̫ſտգ˵ʲôʳԼ̣ߣ####⻰ĸ½Ȳʬ

414¶˰֮ĵѦҽһ

ƺտ̲סС죺ղŴӦĺúõģ˵Ҫ𣿡
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տ͵ҸҵĶԻûиҺ˵˽ܻʱԾΣƶͷֱ
տֻһοռ򣬿ദôãͰѿտյɼˡ
Լ˵ᣬôʮֱŤ
տóסԼĶ䣬˵˵ûûУʲôû
ߣ͵ҾͲƤˣһֱûëͺ񣡡ĥв
տնʱһҽУҪˣտԺҲ͵ˣ㡭ӦƤˣ
תΪϲ˷ܵʵ
ȻˣȻиԣʱ͸ҿɲ뵱ӣƹĵ˿տһۣȻʵˣӦûʣ˲ٻְɣҼǵöһٷϵʱûꡣ
ˣûˡտɥһ³򣬡Լɣ
տսֵƿ
ٶʮ֣ƾ㵵Ŵ죬ŤͷտգָֻܳЦذɣ˵Ԥ֧ʣȥĶˣ
ˣ۵ˣտտĸƽ֮ͣǰɫϵкͺںϵеĲˣֻʮ˵ǹصģʮ˶ٷϵͳ϶Ϊڰֿ۳Ϊõİٻ֣ʣʮ֣Կ۳֮ͱ˸ٶʮ֡أˣ˰ѻֻϰɣڻûл֮ǰ˼һһֱ󣬶ܶò
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ˣôԽϣôӣտһ֮˵ҧֲˡ
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տ㤵ļӽȣˣһ̤մ˳ȥһԴв
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ԭΪͶȡɣ˭֪ȴ㲻Ĺٷϵͳ
»Ҫ̤ʵأܹ߽ݾ
Ϊ֣ƹϾٶӼˣ
ǺǰͷֽĲ˸ʢӺİһӣϸʮˡ
⡭ƣǲʲôϲҪף̲סɻѯʺƣĿⲻźۼɨһĶӡ
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ĪǵڰʾҪӣ
˸˼һʱ֮䲻֪ôҪӵ⡣
ʱѦҽڰǽΧ
Ϊ˻ӭͷӣԲô˰ɣѦҽԲѵ˵
ͣԣԣѦϴݹ٣Ҽԣ
˵ţתͷܣ֪ɣѦҽûβ˵Ĳˣ
ѦҽƵƨĵʮ̹ź¶Цݡ
ģ̫ˣܲѦ۾¶ϲЦݣεѦҽ
ѦҽǵЦݽסˡ
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Ѧҽƺ̫ˣæԲʦӦ´ͺ￴۾ˣͲҪ鷳Ѧˡ
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ףôѦҽԸϴ⣿Ʋĵݸҵһѯʵ
ܣϴû̫ҽԺ֮ǰ͸Ѧйһìܣǡɸͬһ˾Σ̫һǾִ˭˭
£ʦҲʢ˸ŰԵĹâͱһʾ˵
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ΣӿڵѦϣڸƽϴľ𡣡
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һӦƱ֪϶Ѧҽˡ
ʦҽô𣿾ȻѦҽҪƺĲˣɵѦҽֲ˼ֱʡ
Ѧҽʲôˣῴ뷨
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ǻѦҽҩƾ̾
ѦҽɫŮ۹⣡Ͻͷ˵ͽˣΪʦ
ȻҵںƵĵ²ɫģɼѧҽǺ츳ġ
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ѦϣʦȲܲðһ䣬㿪ǸҩﶼЩҩģҩĵһҪӰЦеʵ
Ļ䣬Ѧҽʱ类β͵èһ˵κòˣܻأҪҪ˵ҵҩЧ죬ʱ̣֤ҵķӺˣ

415֪㣬Ͳˣ

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ʦִ£ܶϷƻûͬ⡣ԭˣܿ˭ͷͰ˭ΪʦԵϴԼ
ѦҽƲģתת飺ҲŮ˵ͷʦ˵ȥԷԷ
һʳԵôθڴ󿪣еСҲʳ󿪳Ե֮ɢˡ
Ѧҽҽˡ
֮ǰʱͷѾ˹ˣôô׵ʩչܡ
ȻˣǾζſʽʼ˹ˡ
˵˹һΣյ£Ҫ˻յź׷¶߻ħ
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ߣЩӦˣҿȥ͸úúˣѦҽǳȻܱ˰ԺаȫԿ
ұѵɫڨڨűӵ֪ˣλȥͺú١
ǰԼʱ޶࣬Ծû̫ģ˭֪һʱǳô
ʵ֪аʮһƵʱֺڣ¶һҪͽ
Ͼҵ˽£ѦҽҲø̫࣬ߵͺãҲǴѲкˣŮ޿ĹˣԺСӿɱԲ˼ҵ£ȻĲ㣡
Ѧҽôô˳ۣʮּʸϴ򣬰ôô츳ֲҩֻ˵ͽܱԷһأԼ˰
뵽ЩסˣȥˢˢڸС
˹ԼҪǰ׼ãʲôʱʼǵǰ֨һԼ͵ľֱӱƶˣҿٹ㣡ѦҽӻһƿƿҩǸ֮󹮹̾ģÿαƶ֮һš
˵꣬ƿһףתͼҴҵˡ
ҽסƿݸÿѦ̬ȶһԼӣȴʲô¶ΪԼĺȫһͻĴҽȸϹΪԼЩѾԶԶ˵Ƿ׵Ǹ顣Լÿ΢¶һм֮⣬ѦֻڳһƲԼӣΰ
ʵѰѦϵԼˣҪΪԷյģ
Ѧĵİȫ⣬Լǰ׼ҡ̲סЦƵĿռȫ
׼գҾԼ״̬ܺãͺһ˹ʱ䡣
ƾûѡڰҹʱȽϺãע⣬Ҳᾪҡһ˴ҺԼ˼춼˵ˣ
ҹ˾ƽ嶼žһƬڵľĬ֮УżмȮ𣬺ֹܿڰ
ŵǱƵԷڰкڴϵȺԼʱ̲סʵôڣ㲻𣿡
֪㣬ͲˡںڰֻԼҵһЦȻ֡
ҿҹӣͶһеĸܵ˺ƶԼΣ촽
еʱжô벻һ۵СϸȴͬĵĵطһƬ
˫գǰһʱѾĿռС
ռﲻ羰续µ̲סڡ
ƣãѵһֳڴˣȥĳ嶯𣿡̲סʵ
ƹЦôܣżԣڴǲܵģѵһӶ˴򽻵ɽµ𣿡
ȺӶôһأ
еʿǺʻûдﵽô˼뾳磬벻׵ķ硣
ǰϣһĵطӣڲˡź˵
Ϊ㣬ﶼȥֻߡ
δ˵ڵͨıú̵ġ
Ժʲôʱ԰ߵĿһۣȻʵ˹ȥﻹ棿
һȥɣŪԼƳĶѪڵϣȾƬõء
üŪģ㶾ѪڵϣտҲһӾɾģ
ˣôãôûտհҲѰҿտյټ
տգۡ
̲סЦźۼɨĳһŬһŽʹڸеСһ
ԴӱԺ󣬿տŭСƤʹ״̬ëˣưŽˮǲսĻϴ󣬿տվͱһֻûëӡ
Ȫĵӳ￴ԼӰ֮󣬿տվͽԼϼˡ
û뵽СһﻹͦĵģǹԻ
ûָտյĲ֮άϣȥĶ˰ɣûϵ˹ͺãҰ㵹һЩȪˮԼȡ
˵ţһˮĵԱ߷һˮҨӣԹȡˮ
Щ֮ﰵտհԼտңԼȻҴк뿪˿ռ䡣

416ºլĻ£

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ţûνĸ̺͸ѧʶѹж֣ҲСλĹǻۡ
ߵˣҡаѦҽϴȵȣĸͨˣ
Ŭ϶϶Էĺȡ
еĲ඼ÿռֲȻṳֻ̂ܽʵأһһڷŬ
ڣ
ֻҪŬȻر
ϣе츳ߣã˦˺ü֣ɺȻڷŬӲиеûнõļͥȫƾŬңһһ۷壻Ҳе˳һֺƣȴӲܰ⸱ƴá
ĸһ˳ӣҪȳĸȻ˳Ӳ𿪵ܹ˭
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Ȼʲô󸻴֮ңҶȣֶ˵۹ﳤġ
С󣬲кóԵĺúȵȸԣ·
鷽棬Ϻͺûпֱټ֮Ĺ飬ҫ档
أ
ϵ˽ӶԺ˶˶ĸȻǸͬʱȡ
е˼棬˼飬ѧʶȻһǧɡ
ϸԣ˼Ҵڣֶ֮ʲô
ⲻ֪ںѧ˵Ψһñ˸߿Լһ۵ľǿѧ֪ʶɺֶȴ͸Ϊ˶ԼԶΪֲ¡
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ʱתŴϢĺֶЩԹ޵ģ˺üͬԷ̬ȼΪ䵭
ɶ񣡲ǿһĹۿ˵ֶͣҧгݵĵ
ʱͻȻ˾ȵĽֶ֣𣿡
ֶת㿴һնյȵĿԼ
־ֶϳ˶Է磬һ˿΢ɲᷳ
˽־Ͳ̫Ը־ԼǮҲ־Ǹżѧӵܣᡣ
һڸԼкʲô˼ԼҪԼ𣿺ֶʶĶȥԷ
û뵽㻹ǵҰ־ԭ۾ЦһЦ۾еĶ쿴ˣòôһֱûȥ˽ӰֵǶܵ㰡
˭ֵܵˣô𣿺ֶƲ죬ӾöԷǹôʣԼѿ
ǰʱе£ȹЩȻͻȥˡ䵭ĴȻҪ뿪һ£Ͳˡٻᣡ
ţֱ𼱰־һס˺ֶȥ·
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֣þò߰ǸҸطΣ־Цеģȴ͸¶һ˿ǿӲ·ڰвֶԼߣԼǿ˰ȥ
Ǻֶ־ԭԼãмūţˣ
ֶݺݵһץ첲һСˣ־ǹ컯֮£̫ˣ
ס֣˭ǶҺֵֶܶŵˣſ־ܸӵĺǳԼСˣȻЦеǰѹԺֶ˵֣һϴ̫ظԵ£ûȤ
ϴθԵ£ֶƤ̧־ʲô˼־ôģԼǧټƶûϢô׵˵
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ֶЩн֣ٷòӰɣڷǼ鼴־ΪλôĵԼԷָԼϢأ
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ⷬ˵ֶˡ
ܵůúֶһֱһɻ𣬴ʱԼĸ΢΢ۿ
֣ſڣаζӲ֪˵ʲôá
־Ʊֵ֣ܣҾ;Բñô۸㣡Ǹһ
ãֶԥһ
˵ƻٳһļϵ飡
ʱĺֶ־ӦǾ仰
¶ǣֶú־ԽԽͶ˵Ĳ˵ĶϤ˵˳һ²ӡ
ͬǺȾƣֶԽԽ룬־û˿̬
֣˵ôôùҾûͯƾʲôҪĵܵǣֶͨĻŸ첲ĴͷԹǸʦүҲǣӲ£ֱ̫̫صˣץʲô°˵͡ӵҵֲ֡ҡ
ԽԽСſ˯ˡ
ԱߵССʵүҪҪȥС˲׺ö˶˵ԼүΪҪƷһƽտ˳۵Է
ʲô־һЦſϲʡµĺֶһۣ͵¥ȥҸĹźţ

417磨һ

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ֻһȵľ̫ңԵȻ²֪һʶûˡ
Ժʱֻͷʹѣɤӷɣ̲סܵĲɿ
һֻһ˫޹ǵַסԼϢһԭͲѵԴЩԺˡ
ˣȵѾɣһڶֶо˴סԼ˫۴ԼҸ´Ȼʲô͵ԼĴߡ
죡ԣȻǸޱȣ̲סҪС
ֶʶſ죬ѾȫȥȻ˷
֪ǲѾЧԴƺûôˣƺƮоЩȣ·˻һܡ
ӣǲǲūҰ㰴һΣ촽Ŷϸ˵ŻȫǺŵζ޹ǵڶͷϲ᲻صİš
ӣûһЩ
ֶԺĵͷ΢΢ۣ㱿һλĹڳԼЦ
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λһЦ˳˵ȤūҾϲĶˣūҰ㰴ɣ
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ֶУָһ㣬ͬļǰ̧ͷǣδʶ⡭
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419¸ڿӣ

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ģаʮظǰȥչ˫۱ס˾ʯ


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Ȼʯȴ˿ڵϡ

420֪Ѷˣڵģһ

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𣡡ߺһͬʱ

421ºլĻ£

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ȷϻԻѾˣûеȴĻظֱӳаʮͺӺ˺ˣʯͷڵϣţСĵ㣡עⰲȫ
һգգĶаʮͺӵĶֱƽµĽʯŻصϣ˿ȻתͷԻЦƲ˰ɣԸɽ𣿡

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422ֶ˵ˣ

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磬ɶģզأҪץԼ֣ȴֶԷָܴͷٽԼԼۣ磬лú˵֡
͸ˮץסһѣץźĸ첲ſָⶼˡ
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ΪϴǼΨһĶˣһֱżӣʱֵµĵܵöԼ˵̡
ο˵ԼľȻǺóĺǡ
㲻˽ͲҪϹ˵˵ˣһŮҲֲģˣ첻ˣϽȥɣʲôֱˡ
ȴǻֱߵر߱סĺ̫̫˵Ҳߣˣ֪ô۸أҪ
ôһ˵ɰѺ̫̫жˡ
ûа㰡ҵĺǶѪ̫̫źޡ
һţϺֻ̫ѨͻͻҲ죬ֱðǡ
˺ü˰ΣŻ
𳳳ˣź̫̫Ŀ޺Ϻķң̲ס˵
Ǻ̫̫ھͷϣ˵ĻȻԹԵıźԼСЩʷ
ˣϺŭһݺݽ̸ڿϡ
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Ϻʮĺ̸˾ȻôĶϳأһػںϺһȴ˳ȥڿϹµ˼Ȧͣ˺̫̫Ľűߡ
̫̫һֹסˡ
˶ϺͻȻķŭסˣҳ
ǺϺȴȻһ˫ֱѵĺ̸ˣһ
⸱ú̫̫Щûף̲ס̽Ľеͷӣͷû°ɣ
ϺعһԵĽеǽغ̸˷ϡ
ԼôϻƽȻˡͻȻðһ뷨ңҪɢ˰####⻰~~һҪŮŴ硣

427ٴηּң

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ܣѦзִ磡æѦҽ˵
ҵͷʾͬӦʱЧԵģѦˣ;٣䲻ѣ϶̫ˡ
Сӣ˵˭أѦϵԷﴫŭ
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水˵ѦҽȺϺҪأ𳤱ļӣû˵ɶ
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ϺźοЦЦòǮԼţѻ˵ꡣ
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Ҫӣҵ˼ǸȰѺʮԤ֧ﶼͬ⣬ƫңҪŮƽ֣ƫ򡣡ϺҪڸ˵˸ղŶڳôѾ֪ˡ
ںɻΪɶҪôԼ׼ôµʱ򣬾Ϻ˵վ
ȻҶƫģҪƽ֣ǾԽѼҷ˰ɣŮӦûķݣǼȻҪһݣҲϣϺһܣÿ˵ı۵ףȻ󻺻˵ϴҪӣСһģӡŮȻܸͱһҸһʮӣӣܳͷûǮҲһʮӣܹ°뱲ӳԴ˰ɣһһһǧӣҲԤ֧ʮӣ

428һǧӣ

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Լͷӻܻܲʮ궼˵ھȻҪȥҶԤ֧ʮӡ
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ǣӺʹӱԼŮŮԼϰڱԼ
ΨһԼľ϶ӣǸ϶ߵýġ
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Լ֧Żʲô˼
ˣǶˣ÷ˣ
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ΪɶҪϵȥأΪϺҲԼһ˯ʧȥ˿쵶ն
е˵Ժ󣬺۰Ͱ͵ĳź磬˵զͻȻҪּأ
Ҳ벻ͨ
ԼҪּҳʱ򣬺ϺһʼҲҧͬģǺȥҪӣֻºϺ²ġ
ںö˶˵ΪͻȻҪּˣһֵôף
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ȥҲúԼҹ·
Ҳҵ壬ҡͷܾˣҸһȥڼһɣԺһýռ˶ƶأ
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ǼɫϰɣͦģȥǱ˲;úӺаʮ֣йǣҶԸúһί
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һүүҪӣ԰Ʊˣ˽ڡ
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ûʲôİɣҹլǱԺӦòʲôˡƾüȻϺһ׼ԼҪôӣֻ϶ʲô
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ҹĴӺܺںܾôͬУҺƻ˵ĻֻԼǲҳŵġ
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Թۣһκҿ϶Ҫּˡ
Ǻڼɵģ˼ԺԼһܵõһӡ
һΣǴй
ţҶ˾͵ˡ
ͺȽݣźʵɫ멵ĺơ
ںӺаʮŴϨ˵ĵվ˳мĹϡ
ԭƯپ˺ϵŵ㳤ʱĵȪͬŭŵʻ㽿޶ĿɫĴ멸ԵùˣȥĹ˵Ǵ˼ҵСҲΪ
ǵ۾һӾͿֱˣֱĶźƣô
ȿȣһԼ๫ĲףˬĿݺݵ˺һۡ
׬Ǯ𣿳԰ʲôĸ꾫Ƶģﰵ
ǰ˹ȥԺƶˣڵˣ֪һڵźӣ϶ݲԼȥ۸ơ
ǻعʶԼʧ̬εվ˵磬ˣ죬
û£ǫһ£ȻתͷϺˡ
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Ƕ°ɣ˵˰ɣôǹΪ˷ּҵ¡Ϻû̳弹޵ģץӷεܣȿżɽİ˵
˵ͷ촽΢ţƺ˵ʲôȴʻ˶
ʱ򣬺ϺѶһͷֳȥ˵Ķ˵ɶ̫ʺϡ
ҾͰ֮ǰ˵֡ϺɨһȦû֨ԹԵ˵ﻹʮĶأϴСǶˣҲֵأͲˣҸĶĶ޵Ůûķݡ
ͺֶΪӵзȻǺϺ˵ʲôʲô
ںѾܵһʮӾѾֵòˣȻؿ
ŮǶûϺĵͷ̧˺ͺƣƺһĨ;Ҹ˵ˣϴӣһһʮӣһһǧӡ϶ѾͷЩӻôǶˡ
һǧҲ̫˰ɣﾪ㵵˵
Ǻһ̬ı˳Ĭɫƽ֪ʲô

429¶Ͼϵһ

ϺѾ˱Ƶѵ׼˭֪Էһ㷴ӦûУһһȭ޻ϵĸоʮܡ
Ѿͷô˵̲סʺơ
̧ƽĴүүѾоˡ
شҭĺϺ˵ĸµûˡ
ǰԼ˵ɶѾͷţԼ뵽ĽʣȴͻȻˣ˵Ĳģ
ƲʣϺҪ˵ġ
ȷʵѾоˡЩ꣬ʶŮȴǷǶĩĩˣָңǶôӡһǧǿʮӣͷĶܻôðϺۿЩ죬ˣȴֻܰ˴ָͷٲǶһ˵ֻͷԺҪ˴ǣ
⻰˵ġ૵Ȱ䣬ȴֲ֪˵ʲôá
ȻĬһ˫ӾźϺ
ע£ϺҧҧڽԼľ˵˳϶ǶһǧԺҺ͸ǩϾϵ飬Ժ󣬲ϲҺﶼǶˣҺϴǶǩԺ˭ŸйѪϵȥռıˣڱǩǩԼ
Ϻ֮һֱû˵ֱͺƵŹ˲Ȼ󲨡
ͺֶû뵽ϺȻΪҪּҵӣȻݵֱӸϾϵһһ
ȻΪԾĻǺ̫̫
ʲôͷˣ̫̫θɤžеУҲͬ⣡
ָԺöԼأ
·ôͬϾϵ
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ݹۺֶǡͺ̫̫˵ıֻ֣кʱķӦúϺο
һ̣ķʡԼһӴӸϾѾˣֳֻȥĶߵĽСûгᡣ
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ڣܣ
ǩǩԼǲҪ˻硣ϺСһۣתͷˣˣҪǶûĻϴھдɣдһСǰųһһݣ
˵Ȼ᳭ˣÿ˵ֶд棬ӡһ磬Ҿȥ⼸͵ȥ
ҪűʽЧˡ
ܿ죬ֶǱ㳭˰˷ݡ
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鴫ϸĿһ飬ȷԺʾһӡ
߷ݰӡ˺ϺǰȴһһӡԺˡ
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ֻҪӡȥϺҾɢˡ
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ϺعŷȫڿԼ·ĴߴԼϽӡϡ
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ף֮ԱΪһ֮Ųжΰ
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ҪһӷȥȨΪ⼸ĺһ¡

430㸺ò绨

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֪ڸլЩ˶ϾϵǺѹģֻʹʹһϺϺ÷͸
ںϺһεľʮ⣬ͬʱĵ׶ԺϺҲһЩ
ҼбľȰˡ
ڶ죬ϺȻȥҪȥű
ŮĸϾϵǲТ
Ϊ˸ĸŮϾϵȴġ
ȻܾȣҲֻǿͷϰο˺Ϻ䣬ȻĽϾϵȥűˡ
ͻأÿһѾӸĹӡ
ϺԽ͵˺ųĬĶӣ̾Ϣһʲôû˵ת뿪ˡ
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һ˳ȥˣˣȴ·һɱ䣬ɢԼĹ
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ôһ䣬īʮֲ˼ĽĺãóһЩƷԹ֮û˵óԵġ
ԳԣǺƽ̸ģԼ֮ܽôඩǺƵĹͱȽϴ
ˣͲҪﻥ佱ˣЦ̸Ѿ׼Ĳˣһүү֪ͨиԣĲ˿ҡҵС⼸컹ȥڴ嶨˲ٲˣȵʽЩ˾ܾλƸ˴ˣ֪֪׵ģƷŵù
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Ǹ˦ƹӣ̲סЦЩĵ¶ң㸺ʲô˵ϻأҲ̫˰ɣ
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Ϊ¼ɣڳԷҪ˸Լһȷʵȱ֣һҲΪ˰Ƶġ
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Ҳī˼ûκԥһڴӦ
ʵϣаţīѡ϶ҪһģΪֺǺдģԴҲֻҪһ£˵պԶһ档ԼˣҲһЩ
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⻰ǴƽһЩ˽׬Ǯ˴ġ
Ϊȥ˽˵˷־¥һֱǺƴλжҴû¶棬Ǳл˳˵Сȫ׬ǮңһŮͷ¶Ρ
û֣ȻûЩԣרŴ̽Ϣˣ᲻֪
ƽ˶֪ôҲ֪ƺѯʡ
ұ㽫Ĵ˵
̲סЦǰϣŴ˵ãԺҸ׬Ǯң㸺ò绨
ò绨΢΢ۣͻȻǰ㿿һſںͫзŴʮΣգŶԭڷò绨һడô࣬費Ҫźź㣿ţ
һβаջʮ㡣
Ʊõ˲Բ36GСƬ
㡢㲻ǲܡѦ˵ġͰ͵˵ţ̲סԱҿҵ۾
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жô꣬Ҵδ˿һʹﻹδȫĶء
յվֱ壬һ̧㿴׻صЦ⣬ʱоˡ
ûûεѾͷԼΪ˭
ǣҹһЦƣղ˵ҲôûѦ˵ʲôˣţ

431²ܺǵģ

֪ʣ
һ϶ǹģ
ɾ֪ǹģƻ̲סһ죬ѡ
ΪҹʻղžȻһʱ챩¶ԼҲ˾ʵ
Ҫ֪λŮӷ⽨أ΢¶һĻãл̴̵Ľ˵ģ
ǴȥҲ׵ˣ
Ҹ˵أƶŽ
ЦЦķʣ˵Ҳ°¹أ
ۡ
ðɣӮˣ
һۣʵʾġ˾ư߳ŭҾͲ˵ˣ
úúãæһסȦǿͨͬըëСèһ㣬̲סˣƣԸΪţ
ںƵĶϣ̲ס΢΢Ųӡ
ңŭС
ۿҪˣ첲սͷһĶͷЦƣ֪ûӻֻ๫ֲ⵰ⶼҪȾָȱˣаֱӵֵĹУ㷢ǮӶǱǡ
䲻һ̫ˣƻе㲻Ӧһ˫ɵĴ۾Ŀҡ
˴ȣǺ޲ýݺϡ
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Ļ˵һЩͽԼУڴľͷѾˡ
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432ίΣһ

ʲôʮСﾹȻĶң
һʱ֮䣬Щ˷׷¶ŵı
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ĸ֤Ͽ¥Ҳһͬ˳
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ж˷˼Ҿ˱мһش彨һѵģ
ͶĽ񣬰ƽͦøֱˣͬʱҲ۶мơ
й͸ߴˣһЩͿϸɵı˼ѡֳ
ȻҲûѡϵ˼Ұ˵Ựȴˡ
ƹܴ磬鷳ˣĲˣۻԭеķ㡣µַ𲻱ٽ͹ǻᰲţȥǴղˣֻҪڼҵžͺáƶԺƹֽ
һ˵꣬ЩվǰŶ˱̲ס
вæڵ֪Ժ󲻱ţղˣֵúϲ£졣
Ǻ˰
ԺͲõĲڰϵ߻ˣ̫ˣ
λǺĳ֪вˣҶˣ

һ˾ȻƽĴʾвУˣ
ЦǱ˻ͷҪȥأĶκһţ
һߣԼһ
˹Լò˰ϳӣĿһӳԼֽԼȥǮ
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Щŵվԭأһ
λ壬ĲǮһ֡
㵵ָ̧Լıӣң
԰˵ˣĲ˲ܺûһյȫաǾͲͲ˹ˣһᰲţȥյġִ˵˵Ҳ˵ġ
˽ƽкãߴŷȥǮ
ŸɶȥǮ
λֵðó˼Ҷˡ

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ȥϵļ˴඼ǮһǮһٽͶһǮڼҾƶĴ˵Ǻܴһˡ
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³һӲʹԵͣƤԲ
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ˡ𽴲ҪʽˣڹԱİҺô̶ġƻһܣÿ˵ְ˵˳󲮺ȴȴ󲮸չ߲˺Ϳⷿ㣬Ҫˣල÷ڵ£žС͵С͵ϵȲΪ
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źܿԼҲ½ʼ
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˺ƹ֮⣬ƻͲС鳤ݶͬʱ˵һ½ķֹÿҪ
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ӣĽзںƿǴƵķ
ֲڣӵļ۸ȴʮֲƣīۡ
Ҫ֪һӹʮʹãҲùˣⶼǮ
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·Ѿ̺ãŴҶϿׯԽԽǮԽ׬Խ࣬۽ԽԽ
ҪǣЯŬŽһģ

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ʽҵĵһ죬﹤һȫ׼ʱ
ԭƻЩǻһֱ磬Ƕûг֡
ŷĹأ޹ʳٵ߶Ҫ۹ǮϾͻ㹤Ǯ˵ȵȡ
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죬һж죬ǺͺҲͬԤϵһʼûгֹ
ÿ˷ֹȷúʮַġ
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뿪ôã¥µҩĺʳĹҲõĲˣƻҪϻȥ׼һʳġ
ҪϽѶаϣ̲ס̾Ϣ
Цֹɣ㲻ǻҪȵһ𣿡
Цרҵ𣿡Ʋõؾ
Ҳרҵʲô˼ɳü
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ʱʱͶ΢΢Щڣ΢΢ܿЩ˵עӡ
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˵ˣ⽴ǽصĵط˭߾ߵģûΥأǶҲ˸ߣƹ˵ţ˳ļ򣬡úøɣţҲģ

434𣿣

ƹⷬʱͦб˺һۣ˵ƹģһῴôţԲκһɵ˻ȥ
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ٶҪŤˣ㲻Ǹŵģʲôţģ
˵ˣŵҲҪȥ
Ҫ֪ԭǲйģΪڿŵûаʱԲſճһ
ͬһСؼұţԼܵǰԼϵҪŵĸλ
˵ҲɣԭЩͷ۸˭ؽĴţǲǸúӻаʮæĵʱͷ
ԭܼ򵥣ҲǸһĻˡ
ڴ˼ʹϵãҪԭĵﲻֺܻµˡ
ΪĹֱһ˲ˣҺʹĳǵ⣬Żìܡ
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һܻʹ桢ҷԴţʲôţ񶼱Žˣ
ҭķۣ˰βűһ䣺һŵĶѣѾͷģҲţ
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ðȥɣ˭ռƹʲôˣῴǺͺС˵תߡ
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ҹȻǲƴְɣҰɣƿĵĸЦ

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źƲԵСģ̲סֹһıӣ̫أϻۣƱұȽϺá
ҲԣƱԶһ㣡̧ͷĿԣЦеӦ
ԱߵĺĪоԼվеࡣ
ȣƣӻڴáſڡ
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һ·糾ͣҺҰתעֻγҪθذأ
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˵˭ĶأƲáһʳߣÿһʳĺ͵ϣԲԼղȴѹʳ棡
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Żعһ˵ĵϺʳĺ棬ȷʵҪȥҲҪڸ棬˹ȥɣЩҲһʲСķãҪ֮֡£ҵĸҲʮִҾǵķֳǲǿԵΪ֣ģ
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ѣֳܶһ־Ҫһ֡ΪһպӰ
ⲻ֪뵽˼Һͺƻ벻

437Ҫģ

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˵һǺһЩ;һЩҪɣƱ㽫ͺͻֱҪ䷿ǼԷһҪЩߵȵȴ½һ顣
ԼҪ󣺡Ҳ֪ǿ¥ģҵľ¥ҪЩ
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𷫵ıһ˲ĹѣȻҧ׼Ӧʱ򣬾
ӣ๫˵ЦġͰְɣƷҵĸ첲һ£ȻЦŶԽ˵
𷫶Ȼ˿ԺƶԺøಶĻҲҪǮһ˵ĸسŵ壡
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Ŀͽ뿪Ժ󣬺סҵĸ첲ЦŴȤǸ˵˽⽻ΪλҪ˼ҽӣ

֮ѡҵԭܼ򵥣Ϊҵıʵаŷ֡
ǽҵıңʵԭҲǰ֧˾ͽġûиˮ棬װסʺĴȣ˻̡
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Ҫ֪֮ǰڽЩŹǮÿ繩Ӧ˲˵ؼҵʱ򻹿Դȥһݷ˸ȫСԣڻַȵȵĴ֪öûнۺ졣
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440ϰڹ

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445ҵİ

뺮÷һιһԼʮ˾꣬Ѿߡ
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ߣףҿɲռˣ˵òԼ򣬼ȻұѡҲ޻˵ӮҲòãѦҽ۸顣
Ǹ̵ˣѦҽԼʦ˵ȻѦϲռˣǾʦƽֺˡ
УҲƽ֣Ѧҽԡ
ƽôͽܣøͷ䣬ȻĸԸóʦλð
ƶˣѦϣӮ㲻ɣƽֲܣĪ䣿
أҪ±ȹѦҽߺߵ˵
ٻĲˣ˭ôй԰үүǺæģ
֪Ѧ㻹ʲôϴҲΪѣΪȷʵܲܺѦҽһȥ
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ѦҽڽеĵλʶضС䡣
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Ķģп췭ǽͷݶ
ƽ誺´Ŀɿڴеܡ
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ţͷȻĳϴ˰֣Ҳ˵˺ܶˣſķ򲻺ã˳·
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ֻҪǸϴ򲻶ԸˣѦҽź˳۰
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ߺߣǵȻϷҽһܱȵ˵ģӹҽ˰Ѧҽİ°ͣ͵͵źƣ·ʾԷԼҽǸϽͷϾʦͽϵͶԼ²ǹ
ῴ˼ƫƫǼôNɪ۸Լʦ
ţܵˣȻ㲡ˣô˵ʦӹҽأִԡ
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ϴˣǸѼϼӲԼ԰
Ҷҽ˲ͨѦţͷָǾӮұͬưΪʦѧҽΣϴ顣
ѦҽһİƣãһΪ
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Ϊʦ͸İΪʦܴ֮󰡣
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һϷȴ׾ٵĽͽеѦҽ˽ȥ֪պ֪Ժ᲻ַ찡####⻰ĩˣҿ԰ƱʷţȻʮ·Ͷ𣿾Ϲл~ôôգ

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Ϊ˱֤еĳԴöȣƿʼҪСһڻƷ
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㶼Ѿүү˵ǽӹ˰ɣڻҸʲôѵӲɣεķʵ

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ź̫̫Ĳ飬ؼȡӺּҴҵ뿪ˡ
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ǲǵүүסԺǷǶࣿʵ
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һ˼ҶϱģԹסԼӦɶ뷨ʵԼ̫ѲﶼӰˡ
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ҩ뺮÷һ㶣ӹʵʲôҩ̥𣿡

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촽˵һ䲻ôذɣ
ǣǰЩѪĽѵǰڵǰ˲޶ܿľ档
òŮƵŬƣڴҲֱͦˣѵԼҪеһٴ

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ɫƽĿڽе
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ǸУҺͲˡϻǾźԼоֵֹģЩܲˡ
´ЦҡҡͷôУպƼҴҵˣͺϵܳŻͣѵԼ˼Ҷ˲赹ˮ˿ʧݣ

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ЩôøԼаëǮϵΪʲôҪԼϰ
˭֪ҾȻͷûôǣػأ
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ƻû˵꣬ͼһЦȻˣǵҲûʲôˣ
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룡һֱֳĬѦҽŽžܾ
ߣѦаղԼõģͽԸҾƺȣɲǿģ
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Ǻƾ֣ԼʦɶʱǰԼԼʲô
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᲻ĹƣֲΥԼĺʹ

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ЩɵĿһۡ
촽΢ܣƣԳûһЩ
û̫ף㴫ȥǰӦ𣿡
ǸǰǸ׼ҵˡҴ
ͬඥʱҵ˼
ôС𣿡ͷҺͺڴܣҲżƵʵ
˿Щ˼˵ǰ֡Ǿƽ޹˶ȥǵе㡭
ֻҪǵ׼ұȻлæ̬
λǡ
ǿףһ֧ļæݣˣǱһ׷ġ
Ϊһ˿׼ңߡ
ʲô߳Ĵ壡ŻŻͨϰտԣǽ˿𣬲Ųô࣡
ǰˡҵ˼ǡ׳죬ͻȻһǰһպһ֧ȻΨǰհ
ϽҸ飺ߣҪһȺŸ
⡭ǾҺҶӣһ֧׼պ󡭡ػл㣡ױҲ˵ΨհͬĴʰδЩⲻ㣬ʱĿڡ
΢Цպ󡣡
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ƱЦŽͣղײգ뱨վֱӱ˰ɣǾҪ뿪ˣ
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ǣֻӲͷƤʵ֪Ҫĳα
ܼ򵥰Ǯֵ˵һţӣЩӣһǧӰɣ
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۵Ĳˣ൱һ֧ü룬õó
⡭ʵôֻһʱ֮ղˣܲܡҧҧ˵ֻҺҶӵҪӣ
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һߣưͣ˶ϡ
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ǮĻôܻŵȥ׼֧Ժ
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ʮʮ˷֣һʮӶûУʲôİ
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ںסҷֱʱ˺ܸӵı˰Ҷûгϡ
ۿ˵ĶԻڶ䣬ιīôãСѾͷĳŵǲǸöˣ
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464²ִ·ԭ

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̲ס˸ۣ˵Ů۸뵽ˣ˴εĹƱ
ĥߴˣȥأϲӬһ˻֡
Ժȷû˸٣ƺҾͽ˿ռ䡣
ܾ¶еְƸ˵ǰôۣΪưɣʲôĿأ
Ϊβ᣿ҵвͬĿƣĳʳȻֵô
ƿЦãʩɣϳղҲôŰ
ĪûȪ𣿡ҷʵ
ȪһͻȻЩˣ˼Ȫϰ֮˷ǳã
ֹǷǳãֱ䱦ǴȥȻ㹻ĽѶпһȷѪꡣҳ˵
̧ңô·ǲǸҲйϵѾнע⵽ˣ𣿡
Ҳ˵ͷ
ǻҼ˶֣Ƶĵʵ
ͷ˵ӦòᡣҪȪģֻҪ뿪ˣͲжΣա˰ǣͷİɣ
ܵŷֺ˵˼֮ȡ˹ͻؿջá
ˣȰѾƸҡһľƺ۾ˡ
Ů֥ɫǰеľƽӹԼһ¡
ľưôģ֥¶顣
ƺĿŷ֥λ㣬ҲȾ𣿡
ôõĶҵȻϲ֥һתĿƣƵҾ͸ϲˡ
ҶˣǸƺæûơ
Ů˵Ĵ׶ԣƲɾúЦ
һߣѦҽưͳȥ۵òˣ۰Ͱ͵Ķţʵưһ˶ٺưɱˣ
ʦûоƣʳҴˮ裬ҲܺúȡƿռʵйƣǵѦҽľϾ
ˮ谡Ѧҽȣ϶ǾƺúȰûоˮҲպϣǸüȴպϺȰɣ
Ҷ˵ĶԻʵˮʲô裿ΪҴӲҲһ
У㶼ѾˣѦҽ붼ľܾҪȻù
תת飬Цùƻˣһ
ʲôöѦҽһϵӡ
б˻ľƺоƺȣ𣿡
˵ţҰͷһڡ
Ѧҽ۵Ҫţĵôȼֱ˷ѣ
ҵľƣôȾôȣܵ㣿

˶죬Ƽǵĸһ񡣿ǣ׷ʲô϶أ
ʸ֪ڲʱֻܵȿ׼ҵ˵
Ѧҽ춷ңÿ׼ҵЩӼС־衣
һҹЩӳĿڸ־ңо첲ȶԼһ㡣
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һ˯ֱ˯͡
Ⱥ˯Ȼѵʱ򣬷ѾٽʱˣҲڷڡ
ſڴ˸Ƿռȥϴϴʰ֮ų˿ͷ
ĸſڵаһƳ
㶣ʵа磬أ
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֪аڸԼӣЦʵҳԹû
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Ʊˣа鷳¥
ǣаӦԱߵİ˸˷ɿ¥ȥѰˡ
ƻصӿռóԵİϣȺһͬš
ʱںͬŶ롣
£ҽűһ䣬ϰŵĳʳȻʧЦѦ֪ҶڷԶʳֻҪƢˡ
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ûСҡҡͷֲǲ֪Ѧϰ˳ķˣԱĶζͬջƹͱĹѪͷ˵ʳأ
ʦ׼һ·ϰ˶𣿡ҲΣҪǶȥԣ
ˡǰѦĥأǸϽȳ˵ҿɲƶŶ¥
˺ܿùţ¥֮ǰƲ׼ҵ£ʵǿ𣿡
һ͵ˣǰԱߵأҴ
ôңʳڣƼ˫ЦӲʶԷǲýԼԼ˯һ
ҿΪ飬Ц磬Ӧš
Ҳ۸۸̫˰ƽĵһۣ첽¥ȥ
ջĵȴţͷ㺹ˮ
ʱִ٣һʱ֮ȥճǧ
˷֧˳޺Ǵ˴գǿճǧ˰ӡ
ʣµһǧֻüֻȵȶˡ
ֻǣֻЩֵԹ㣬֪Էܲܿۡ
㷲˼ţƺ¥æЦӭȥλã
׼ˡӿɴչˣЦʵ
εĲ˲⡭ĳֻճǧ˰ӡЩֻ֪˿ɿϣ
ֻңҲֻļֵܰҹһ𣿡
Ȼףʾ׽ֻһһ֮鵭ģûʲôղؼֵһҲӡ

465¿ͽܵѦҽ

׼ֱԼģλһҶ˵漣ҲֹӰ
Ŷô֪漣ҵʡ
ƿԡ
漣£ĴʦȻԼ֤
ʱͻȻˣԷѹû㰴Щֻʵ۸ԼǮ
ԣôأ
֪ʣµӣ롭׿Цʵ
Ȼɫģ˵׼̺һ䲼ꣿ
⡭ĳȷʵ̺ͲꡣĪҪʳͲϣ̽ʵ
̧һۣô׼ЩʳͲϵծ
ô˵ãӰ
Ҫʳĳ̺һ䲼Ըַϡæ̬
ҹЦһˣҾȴ֮ˡ
̣ŵʳֺֹӣټһ䲼꣬ôҲüֵ߰˰ˡҪױֻȫ
˵ͽ鶨Ѧҽ־Ǹӳ˽ҩһ˺һˮ֮󣬱㷢Լ˵ˣϲ
ұͺƴȥ׼ҵ̺ͲʳͲϡ
һ˵Ŀӣÿ׼˽ʳͲƥ˵ȻϴƻͷȻߡ
Ȼʵϣڿ׼˽˵Ժ󣬺ת־ͽЩȫ˿ռ֮С
ֻʮ˶Ŀġ
ʱֿ͵ԣֲֿһҲֻΪ˽Щȫˡ
յĲǿ׼ʳаϵ̹ʳ
ÿռԼġ
ڱ߹̫𾯾ȻҪȥﶼһˣô·Ϊʵġ
Ѧҽҿ׼ҵ鷳ȷʵһ⣬Ҳû뵽Ѧҽ˴ԼʳȻᱻ¥Ŀ׼Ȼìܡ
ڶҵˣƸ˽һ£֪ԷǴ֮ͽ෴Щ֮ġ
ЩҴֵڻɽǱ塢ٸƶٸ˷ˣƵòֵԶıơ׼֧ԺҲǲѶΪ֮
ˣƱ
Ѱʱ̸һȻöԷ뿪
Һϻ￪ھ֣ҾúƵ뷨ʮ󵨣ô˺ϻأ
Ʋ˼ЦЦҲǾö˺Ը⿴Ӣĩ·ˡ
ƣʵ̫ˡ˵
ĳʵ̫ˣһɵҲְģȽеﷺˮ
ղƸһǧƱʱӿһɳ嶯Ҫ͵͵ȥҵƹЩƱ
Ʊҿ죬ֽ͵ʵҲ˽ġھֺҪ׬ǮһԴϢʡպ˵ó
Ϣʣ۾һץס֣ԭһжΪҰƣҵ
ѽ֣Ϊ㣬Һö˶˵˿ʲôھְæҿ˿Ͻ֣˶ˣ
⻹ڴأǱ˿϶ᱻЦ˷绯ġ
ƵǲôҲ뿿
һȻͶĿ⣬𱡴¶аȵЦݣԼӵ֣˭ҹң˭ٿҾͷǵ۾
İɣΪ˵ЦɽĵĺһۣˣѦҽǶҪȼˣǸϽȥɣ
θ̸еģûöȥջΪľպھֿǲὫھƲϵ
ջѦҽͽҹȻڶ졣
ĺѣһͻᳳܣ޷ƽ
ͽãΪʦѦҽһҺͺƻµϲҪľȻҪŸһ·˵Ƿ飡
ԼǷ˽ǰ飿һãȻĳȥȻ
ҸղҲںʱѦҽźƵ˵˳ЩɫڨڨȴֹŲӹ򶨵˵Ƿҵ飡˵Ĺ׼ҵ˱û˵նεСҲڣͽܰնεСӷˣȻǷҵ顣
ô˵𣿺кɣ΢Ȼжʱˡ
öȷʵ˸ǰкɣǰ㿴ӦôҪһƣʵ
Ѧҽ׽˹ؼ֣ʵͽǻйƣΪʦһ
ʦûˡ˵һ־ƣƽպȵľҪһЩЦе˵ţǲѾó
ѦҽõİкþƾȻ֪Тʦд
ʦⲻǷŽǰҪȻʦҳЦ˵
ѦҽսͲ˵ˡ
һԽµĿʦͽ˶˵Ѧҽ滹ʱзɿһ˿ɫ
ҿУѦаɣ˵
Ѧҽһۣ˭Ƿ˭ƾɶң
ͽܣͽܳ㲻ܣҷʡ
ѦҽŲӣ㿴ĸͽܳʦʱҹܹˣ
һڣ㰵⣬æơ
Ȼˣʦ㵽жͽܣ㲻ҪЩʦȫ˰ɣ
ѹֽҳƺѦҽΪѦаͽܰԼͽǼ˼
˵ѦҽæͣЩ⣬һͽдأ
дõĿǺðЦʦҾʦͽбҪú̸̸ˡ
ѾΪʦˣɲܱʦŰѦҽЩĺȵ
ζ񴺣ǾҪ̸Ľˡ
˵꣬ҹ񣺡ǰҺʦȥԺ̸һ̸Ƿ飬Ժ㡣
ðСѾͷɱЩʦǶôģ룬ǲرΪͽʵΪ˸ԼأˬĴӦϽֺͣǺǵĵſѦҽЦ

466ȱٵҩ

ɿ𣡡ѦҽûŤͷһѾԳԺȥæ׷ߺͽͽܣȵΪʦ
ֲ֧ѦаһӣԵͽ
үү˵֮ΪΪվһԵķֹ֥
ҲͷԼŮºͣôΪλҪһͬ·ΪβΪβ
֥ɻĵ˵ͷ
Ǻǣ˴뱲ˣүүֻŶ̤˹ײģʲô͸ġЦЦǲɣУԹлЩԹģ̸ֻȴڡѦаҲ³Щǿˡүүǿһӣ˭֪ȴͻجģȻЩˣԲ˻¡
˵ɵ͵̾Ϣһ
֥к᣺үүⲻ
үүĴΪүүµĳңҲ͡Щ˵ȥˣ밺ͷݶԼʧص
֥һԼүү£æתƻ⣺үүȥ¾ͲҪˡȻѦǰм϶ΪλҪһ·ѵΪ˹
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үүò˼ľ˰ɣ֥ȵ˵
үүҵƤӾôǳ𣿡ۣ㲻֪СѾͷ
˵أ֧һ£вٺö֥үү˵㣡㶼ôˣҲúúѧѧˡп˼ѧѧôˣ
֥û뵽˵ȻԼ˸鷳ҲգԼ׸үүΪȻүүԼķ˲óԣԼͺúøѧѧѧԺ˸үү԰ɣ
ڷ֥ҪˣԸΪүүŵ̬ȥ׽ѧϰա
һߣƺѦҽԺ˸ƧĽվ
ʦôģվʵϲŭɫ
ԭղŹıʾҪѦҽ̸̸ȫҿģʵʦԽҵ̬ȡ
Ѧҽ֪ղͽͻȻè壬ȴû뵽ΪѯԼҵ¡
ĬƬ̣̾һ˵վҿǷġֻҪڵİľκãÿպȪžֻ»ҪҪܶϡҩĲС
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ѦҽҪѣԷİ;κãȴȪ׽Ӧң˺ƵͽԺδԷʲôõóֵļȴҪͽܵĶ飬ʵЩ˵ڡ
ʵϣͺƶ֮ǰ¶ΪѾ˽˵Ĳ֮з̺ŵȪˮЧƼȻѯˣԸ󷽵ṩȪˮ
ʦҪʲôҩİƺʵ
Ѧҽӻͳһҩ˹ȥպѧѧư޲ķӣЧ
Ȼϰڳһ̵ͽܵӣʵʮεġ
Ϊȱٵϡҩģֻ»ÿͽܰԼֲС
ԼʦģǺᰡҽû˻ٵͺˣԼٿкܶõóֵĶ͸յͽܡڣѦҽܾԼе罭˵ƤϸպΪͽΪͼ˼ЩƵġ
뵽ѦҽӲڣԺ˵ʦвٱģϧҽһˡպλʦ֣Ϊʦ񣡡
ƣ
ôͻȻ°
֪ʦûиԼõóֵļһֱڻԼĿУѦҽκңļˡ
˵ˣҪ͸Լȴδıʦָô°
λʦֱּڼ
ǺֱԹ⣬ͷеҩ
ҩдʮҩģզࡣУԼʮҩıѦҽȦ˳Ӧȱٵġ
ĬĬסʮҩĵ̧֣ͷʵʦʮҩȱӣ
ȱġֻʮҩĵӣȱû档Ѧҽвϧ֮⡣
Ⱥ͵͵ǱҽȣҪٵݣȴͬϧҩһٵˡ
ѦҽƳҩݶһ͵ϮлһӶûü档
ѦҽУǻٵĲҽȣԼѪ
ȺˣԼʹ޵ҧгݣ޲øԷʹĶҩҹҹĥȴ޷Ѱ
ֻǣʹֻǸ߸ϵλһܽӴĵģϾЩڸҲǰ谡
Ʋ֪Ѧҽаصĺ⣬ֻϧЩҩģ㰲οʦպЩҩ취ŪӱǡˣжҩĵӰɲÿţ
ȻԡѦҽˬĴӦͻطԼȡӷָơ
ȻװĶЩͨҩĵӣҩЯġ
ƽЩսռ䣬ԸտһƬصҩЩȫϡЩֹѪҩߵȣ⽻˿տҪֲջԺƺ÷ⷿš
տգأѹետյͶռְֵûҩһأ
æаԿտգҩģŬ׬֣һ湻ٻ־ȸƤװòã
տյʱûˣҪ˵Ӵ
ƣȻҺʱƭ㣡
ˣտձ㱻ÿĵȥֲҩˡ
ư˿пտհæҩģԼɾʡ˺ܶ๤Ҳڳʱȥˡ

467ݵķ˲缦

˺Ƶ֧֣ѦҽصջԺ˶ֱͦ࣬˵ҲӲˡ
ңҸ㣬·ԣһ·ϴסɵԼӣУǵķˣҲҪǮ緢ָŽҵıӣ֪ͨԷ
ɴѦҽɫͻȻʵôСͽܺƭסˣ
˭ƭˣҡѦҽ˶٣ͻȻԼûҪҽô࣬Ȼ˵ͽܴأŲᱻʦ
Ҳ֪ղ˭żæŵ׷ͽƨɺҪ͡ýҴƲƲ졣
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ˣͶףԼָʹ͵ɽǮ
̫үüŶ
һԵɽһ㶣ϲ΢΢һת֪Щʲô
ܿ죬ǸС͵㱻
ɽһ͵ҵǮ
ǸСҲ˵ˣүүǮأǣ
̫үһǸС￪ˣ㻺ɫʵСô֪͵үүǮ
ϵͷϰǸɫͷ滹һСĴ
̫үǰ鿴ȻǸС͵ɫͷһƶ
ɲ̫үʣͻȻҲʶˣүúݵģȻͨԩң
ྲ̫үõһ¾ľ
죬ȴдίһԩģ
ºˣ̫үǸͶС͵
С͵ʵʵĴСղ̣ҶҲĶ
Ϊ͵Ǯ̫үʡ
Ķʶ
ʱͬβ͵èһ㿴Ҹʲôҿɲʶ㣡
ϴôܹӲأĶſǻ˵ޱί
˭ӲˣҸ㣬ǹ֮ϣĪҪ˵
ϴ˵͵˵Ǯ԰֣㲻ðһҲߣĶ޷˵
ѿڶʲôʱһˣ
ڸղţˣҼҲˣϴ㲻ʣͱҲ壡Ķ˵
ɵˣⶼʲôʲô
ܿ췴ӦڷϵҸ˵ʲôϵ˶֪¹󡢺ֵܽѣ˵ͻ֮ǣмֱһױһ׵ƭˣң
ûȥҼңĶɻʵ
һҧȻҸҷģ
˵ĶԻۿ֤ĶҪ˵ҡˣ̫үæžľϣ֮ϣݵ
ɴʱֹȻΪʱĶҡ֮ҪҧľҲûôǿˡ
̫үʵʱ򣬲ĶȻֻϳԼ͵ɽǮָʹԼһ°ڳһȫȻ֪ģ
ǹ֮һνסˣ̫үŲ֪Ǻá
֮͵ĺƱ˸̲סԹôôǵô
˵ԼֵѻΪ֮ǣǸĶҲԲôĲϹ
ΪĶȥͶһ̣עҪεģҧҲͬᱻԼˣлչˡ
úõһ壬Ϳ˷ˣˣ
Ҫһˡ˵
΢΢üʵ̫ˣҧԼָʹģһô죿
вСһشĺɡ
Щִһ£˵ĵɣһ׼֤Ƕˣôа
ɽƣץסƵ֣ʵӣô
ţӦ𣿡Ʒʡ
ЦЦ̫ˣҵܼһؤ£ٻЩ
շʵ
Ҳ÷򴽣ҿɣ
˵Զа˸ơ

481ͷ

֮ϣ̫үھᣬͻȻּ۴߽
ˣ˵ץǸƭɽˡ
̫үˡ
ⰸôˣ
̫аˣ
̫үҲ˲ô࣬Ȱ˴˵
ܿ죬˸֮ϡ
һͦΣȻأʤʴݵ̹̹ġ
һͷԣηηģϻԵ࣬ȻǱ
̫үˣʵºˣ
ʯݼˣ
С
˴
ʯ䣿֪ƭɽ壿̫үʵ
˵ץס٣Ӧ̫͡үʵǰ಻סеĺ棬Ҫ֪ԭίʵǽİ̫ˣ֤Զġ
ʯˣʱҲھ¥Է¥ƹ͵Ӧü񡣡
˵ţתͷž¥ƹ͵С
㣿еӡ󡭡СţԼԴƺڻԼĸˡ
¥ƹļͱȵСöˣ΢˼һ˵ˣʱϣ
ûǳҪӿʼҾڡʯ
ԭˣ
λʯ䷢ֲףΪĸֶԷûȥ̣˽壬ϳֽסǰ٣
ţһ
̫үԲǰĳʯ˵ͷ֣סƭӣǰ˱ٵĴæ
˿ˣǲı֣ʯ䱧ȭһɡ
̫ү͸ˡ
ȻӢ۳꣡ʯ䣬ҲͶʮͷͣȴŵȳ֪ˣʵڲɶð
ʯж⣬̫үͶж
ͬϰգզôأ
̫үüηηͷԵһӶ񣬱ӲǱӣ۾۾Ʋ˵֪
С֪ˣСҲָʹڵϿͷ
Ŷ̫үüָܺʹ
ǡſڵϲ̧ͷȥɫ
ʱѾǳɫ
ʱٲڹôˡ
λʯֵƺǱˣûȥʯ䡣
ʯ̹ĵͷţ˵Ѱס
ֵ֪˭ҵݣ˵׼оɣǴˮָ˵
ʵϣҪˡ
ʯ䲻֪ûأǸӣȻֱķʣн飿
ңͷһͻȻһ
Ҳв̣ԼûԷ⣬ֻűڱ߳ǵӰûԼѣһ˴Լĵ֡
ֻ֪ҲǣûٸԷӲӲŻྮˮˮˡ
˭գҾȻڱԼͱӣ
ãǰɣǽˡ
ް£϶Цԭҵݣʧʧ
ʯƳһۣͻȻתͷ̫ү񣺡ˣָʹƭȥ壬пɶӦУ
̫үԿĸˣ䲻ʯԼ˵еֲ
̫ܿүͷӦˣɫ˵֮
ˣԩµ
̫үкԩָָʹƭ壬㻹Ʊ磿
ˣʱδ˵һ仰е¶ɺ;¥ƹƤӵ·ġδ˽½κ°ίҪҲʱ⣬ѵһ֪Ҫ壬綣ﲻɣ
⡭̫ү˽ȥɽ;¥ƹˡ
¥ƹƻֱ˵Լʱûעôࡣ
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Ǹʵˣֶ飬ѡ
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㣡̫үҪʵľګɽˡ
Ǹӣ
һϣүҸô
һûֿʼԩ
ʱҲɵۣ֪Ǻãʶʯ䡣
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ү޷ϴǴ͸ϽаȻô죿
ʱľô֡
֮ǰﲻǸؤԺŶԷĺġҫ
ɱʯԺ󣬱ֺ޲ҲͷԺᱨԼ
ֻϧһעҪʧˡ
ԭܼ򵥣ԭʯȷʵкУȴؼԹۼɡ
˵׼һ
ȻΪӻı⣬ǻʯаʮȴ˿ûκ飬
գΪ֤ݲ㣬޷ֻø͵ǮӵĲĶƭﶨǽǮ黹ɽ
ɽߵл̫ү˾¥ķǮ
Ҳ̫үүԼףڵϿ˼ͷ뿪
֮ɽŮҪʯлȴֶԷһ뿪űӰˡ
һߣƿɰűӣˣߣ
ҶǸãҺЦĿ
㬵ģ˭֪ùҡ
ùһǰΣЦ
ƻǲ̫⣺ѵ¾ôˣ
ƣаǲǲ֮ԸɽףҲֻҸѣǴʲôġε˵
ƾ죺֮ǣ֮˪ˣȴ֪˼ʲôѡ
ҼܵʮȻĿһ䣬Ȼ˵ȥ֮ȻûбĶļˣһ㻹ǲġ
ƺͬĵ˵ͷ
ǶΪֵܳ뿪źȻһʱȥԷ˭֪ȻԸϺòĶļˣһ㻹ܿɹ
һҲµֵŷˡ˵׼һպܳɴ####⻰лƭ͵ѧ񡣽һ

482ûһѲ

һ⣬ȻͷţײٴɽŮˡ
ˣҺͺƱȥǱ߿
ɻû㴫ϢѦҽͽѾ֣ұὫеʳǽһշӡ
ף˵ʮӵҩ𣿡ƺʵĪеʳʦβĳͣ
⡭аһһѾı顣
Ʊ㶮ˣȻؿջɣ
ջѦҽͽһһӣСС۵Ļ硣
ң㻹ҪҪˣСҵĶŴӦӺʳģȻ˼Լ𣡡Ѧҽŭָңĭɵ
бһģѦаײĺãСӻϵ
㻹˼˵û߹ײϣѦҽһ뵽;ʹȻһײǽƾͼƣܻɽڹ˽𣬹ô
ԼײôһͶ׻ˣ
ðҾ֪ǹģ
ϷǹΣù𣿡
ţҷҪѵѵ㲻ɣ

ţ
ۿҪˣҺͺƿջš
ӣ֥еĵӭ˹ȥ
Ѧҽһͽܻˣ˲øҶ죬ƨƨߵľܹȥͽܣûȥ̫ϧˣΪʦŵɪɪԹԽǮϣ
ǣ֪ܣЦ
ѦҽŤͷŭĿƨ£Ҹͽ˵ٲ죡
ߵڰףǷǣΪʦȻͽѣ㺦һȻĽҴ
Ѧҽͽǰӣʱŭ̧־׼¶
ʦĪͽܣŽǰĻأæ
ѦҽɫŻ܇NɪĿ˽һۣ·˵ûͽܻƫҵģ
˭֪źƱ˵ӣնʲô£ʵ
Ѧҽͽһ࿴Է˳ۣ϶һеڮٶԷԼ
Ҫֱ֪࣬ѯͬȥĺӺаʮ
ӶסѦҽͽв񣬶ͷð亹ʵʵԭԭ½һ顣
ѦҽͽȥҪǮŹٸо飬ռġ
ԵߵʱΧ۵İղԼͬվѦҽһߣָָ㡢۷׷ס
ǣҲϸӵʱ򣬽ǰ㽫ƾͼƣһҵļҶԼʱװԷ߷ɵӣڿзһȦ룬ȻѦҽϡ
ѦҽһʹУһѪ˹ȥ
ǺӺаʮͳźƴˣɱˣ
Һӻܼңүү£ĹҲ
仰ܼҽŽɣæظڰѸˡ
ѴŶңúɴӸгԲѵѦҽɳһ
ʱѵĵһ뷨ͷ£ǲľûκԼˡ
ͻȻԼֱ޷ܡ
Ǳȥӡ
ɸ£;һԱ˵ľ
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Ż̲ס˳
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Χ۵ϰնʱ׷׾źˣеС˱ŵȾܣΪǶ
ʱܼҲŴˣû뵽үȻ˿¡
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ѲҲŻˣͭͭ
ܿ죬ͭȡˡ
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ҳһš
ܼҷңȥүʱ˺ӵĻ
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ʱƿˣûõģ˽϶ҪѹӵζС
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ܼˡⲻԵĶթ
ǣԷа취κԼүԼҲܸ϶Է߰ôӣԼ
뵽æ˵ĪµҼүԵƬ̡
ʱѵĸżҴҵĸ˻
˽֮ҲѣСѯʵȷֻκүĲ
⡭ܼҳһ£үүҽݵĴˣɶ޲ߡ
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ǣһôȥǶӻԲѣѪĺˣҪЦˡ
ȺҲʲôطȻӶﵽԼͷˡ
̧°ͣȥ֧һǧӳǸϽүκã
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үֻ¡ܼȰ䣬ɼԼүһָƵģ㽫ߵĻȥԹԻظȥȡӡ
ܼҽһǧӵƱڽǰʱֻһۣӴǴ򷢽лأ
ү㿴ܼΪѵԼү
ӣܻ˵ǵǺˣΪμӺҶӣҪȥٸǣ
ȥٰãǴˣǷǶʮӡϽҩѸ˰ɣҷ˸ۣȫв
ʱҲо˳˻Ρ
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ܼҪ𻰣ͻȻԼȥŲ鿴ǸС˱һԼ
ô£첽ǰѯʵۼĿǸС˱ϱȥŸ״ĻӺ
ӺʱѾ־ˣ޷𻰡
ǸŻӺСµĴܼңŵĲү˵Ӻͷˣ⳥Էʮӵҩѡ

483仰

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ܼתС˵ĻͻȻʶʲôǲ洳ʲô
үСĲ֪ܼҿ˵ȻһʶĻӺƽүŶǻӺŵġ
ʱ˦ʱ
ܼζѵѵС˻Ӻϡ
ɫĿ˻Ӻһۣҧÿ죺ǵĵūӦô˰ӷȥŻӣ
һ仰˻Ӻ³
ܼҲЩĸоȻ
ҶѣˣŻԹȥ
ʱ򣬺ӲһԼĿңûǸıж١ô˶ûȥѣҲǾԼ̫ˣҿɣʱװһ۵ӣʵҶƤһֱǻ鴤ţоʱ³
ˣܲܽص㣿ƿЦõ˵
ȷʵĲƫУҲ̫ϸˣ˵˰컹û˵صϡ
ͷңⲻ©ʲôҪϸ𣿡
㻹ˣƮƮĿ˺һۣʵ仰֮˵Ͳ˵ˡ
赭дģɺȴоԼµĺë
ж˵Ͳ˵ˣǸ˼
˵ԼԺ󶼲ÿ˵
ﰡÿ£
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΢΢˵ͷʱһ̧Ӳ˲ͷ亹
ʦ׼ʲôʱβѯʡ
Ѧҽź˵ȻǵҸ˱Ժ󡣡
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ѦҽЦеķʣͽܣ̣ǲ̰
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һ˵꣬оԼĿⲻ̫ԾͣסŲȥôˣ˵ʲô𣿡
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㲻Ѿ̵ʳûп׼ҵĶ𣿡ҹЦ˴𰸣ѾᵽսϢҪأ
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ʱջĻȴͻȻ¥ͷţ˵һйӵСкǣ˾ڿջſڡ
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ۣͻȻ޳ȻѪıӣڵϳſջƿͷǣȥɣҽĿˣǣ

484й

ѳԵøܵãҹ˯žץӷεʱ򣬹ûпޡ
͵ѵǮץȻСʹʱ򣬹ûпޡ
СɽȳѪӵܵܺСŵʱ򣬹ûпޡ
ڣƣӿˡ
ԭܼ򵥣úǾСɽΨһϣСɽ˵ҪλƯ㡣
ϣãȻ֪ôǺãֻܹؿͷջԼλƯһ档
ջƲŲһף¥ߵӸǰҪ³ȥקͻȻһöŮ
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ӱϾֻǸʮĺӣĿУСɽڣӵܵܺСãĸһŽмҡ
ڣСɽ˵Ҫˣùӻ
Сɽ㲻ˣպԼӵܵܺСøô죿
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ӳҭͷźƣʵ㣬ԸȥСɽ𣿡
ƸҪ˵ã䲻ˣ˭ǵģ
һ£ʵСɽ˵Ҫλ㣬Ҿˡ
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ûʲôǸСɽȥֻҪйˡҴ
й£
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βˣѦҽ֣һƻǺ֪֮ġ
¥ϣһ˵ͱѦҽˡ
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ЦʦҾǾǼͦ׵ġȻ˾Ե֣ܰͰһѰɣ
ߣֻһΣ²ΪԺٸΪʦЩ£Ѧҽߺߵıˡ
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һˣƫƫôƯҪСӿƵԲԡ
Ϊ˽ԷİĽɱҡҲϧĨī
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ʮⲻúЩϲٶｴһ𣿡
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ȻҲһ㣬ʱɶ໨һЩӣðһЩգҲú·;һЩһ㡣
ƣĶ»Ҿúܴܡ̾Ϣ
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Ҳµ˼֣ЦҼӺӮû뵽ƫƫ˲ʶ̧١ȻˣҲ÷ˣ洫Ĳ׻ԼƵĺãαرЩ֪ôˣ
Ҷ޶ãԼ̫ˣ
ŭǣ޲šͬĲӡ
еɱأʱʱͻᶯɱģǰȽϿ֮⣬ʱЩϲŭ޳
ֻһ㣬Լ֡
ϵǣƺԺѯʣ֮ͬҲ̣ȴͬͣ˽Ų
洫Ĳףͬתʲôˣ
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Цδ˵Ķˡ
˭ĳնȲԼӡ
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ܳаǺһЦͲˣ˵ҲӦսˣԶóͨݵһţﶼմĲøңôͬ⣬ұ𣿡
Χ˷׷壺ȣȣ
Ⱦͱȣʲô˭˭ӣ
ǣͨݵһӮģǾͱȰ


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ͨݣȻԷԤı
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֮ǰһϵĵСˣһֳúÿŮ㽫Լҵĵַ߶ԷһǶʱûԼпŵĵСô죿
ʵҲĵưԼ߲Լһ뿪ЩжԶԶ·Լһ㣬ﻹϰæ
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СѾæҲϾֻһˣʮꡣͬҪҲȥæɣ
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ͬʮ־ȣ˵ʲôҪֻҪȥﶼμӳմʱһֵˣΪβҪأ
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ͬ㶣ɶ˼ǲˣզӮܳа
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СѾͷҡø˹ƵģҲ׳ʲô£ﶼңǲۼҪͷˣ
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ͬⲻϸָǿ鶹һСѾҲĴչ
ף鶹ôôףҸоˮˮ۵ģƺһܴˮأСѾȵ˵
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ΪһḻĳʦٲȶҲܷɿĵںԼ״̬
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ⶹȻһ㣡ͬϲ۶Źˣ̲סʵôǰûм
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ںƣԼϲˣʰĸɾղżͬҵĳѬڵģ̣һ΢ΪʣȻҲˡ
޷ǳԹġվǹͲף㿴вСǲУٻЦе˵ţ˻⣬ɴɩӣҲϽ˼ΣǾÿԣǼоǵ㡣
ͬȻתעԸɩȥȡ˵Գ˳
ζȻͬ죡ͬ棬һ˼ͬҩһ㣬˵ľòһˡ
ظƱȥﶼմȥΪ
˵ǵӺˡ
ˣ˼Ҵ۽磡֪㡭ѯʵ
˸ƣɴղдͺá
Ҳǻϵˣ㡣
֮Խֻ֣Ϊըõ߹ʱڵ±֭㡰֨֨һֻ㡣
˳ɲ˺ۡɫٻƣʿڣɺζ
λ˲㣬Ϊһζء
ܳаǴ֮ܳΪֲˣΪǴ׵ζڸһζ
һںﶼǵСʵڲֵһᡣ
˵ʵܳаԣе۸Էˡ
ȻҪͬܲ˺ŪֱͨݾʹȥﶼʱҲһЩ
ܳаѾ뿪˽¥Ҳκξ¥˸Ӿϡ
ƼϵɴӮˣǽ¥ƹֻǳӶҪأ
뵽ЦڳæµɴʵɴӮˣ¥ƹȥ㻹ȥ𣿡
ͬ⻹ûü⣬һ٣ԭء
ȥɶܳаǸҵ鷳ʱǶԶԶģҵ뿪¥ҵӮҵȥƾʲôСѾԿ˵
ɩҪֹŮ˵ûüɫεһСѾ䣺СѾ˵
Ҳûк˵СѾĸ׸ԼʹɫĹĵ˵ЩҵԼо²ʽ²˸ǽ¥׬˶ǮҵһǾƲôɾ±ҵۡĶңֵҵȥǮ𣿡

494¿ĵޣ

СѾ˵Ļֻʺ˽¸̣ܴ
ԭܼ򵥣ͬСѾ˵ɻؾ¥ֻͬ塢档
Ͼͬ뿪¥ʱ򣬽¥ƹϻĺܺõģ֣ͬ˷¹ǮдƼžټȥıô¥ƹѾ御ˡ
ڣͬǷϣֻᱸڮ٣ɨء
ο⻰ǴСѾ˵ġһСŮңҪҪˣȥպôˣ
ɩһŮɴʧɫĺǳСѾ˵˵˵ķݣ
˵ʵСѾ˵
ɩȴûŤͷҺͺƵǸ˼СӲ£˵λЦˡ
ûϵСѾֱڿ죬˵ˬʮϲЦе˵
СѾеίʱɢ٣ͬƼ۾Ц
Ҳըգۡ
˷·ӵһͬһ㣬˲˲پ롣
Ůӵô֣һĻһͬϲĶǵٷչ
ɩɫڨڨĵֻҪ˲СѾʧͺá
ȻᡣҾСѾ˵ĺܶԡüͬ⣬ɴôձƴӮˣ㻹׼ؽ¥𣿡
⡭ͬһ£ҡҡͷ߶ˣȥʲô
ȥˣҲиңαأ
ЦЦɴкδ㣿׼ͨһҾ¥ǰȥ𴦣ԼһҾ¥
Լ¥̸ףͬЦҡҡͷȻûҪԼɣҲû뵽ȥĶһһɣߣȥﶼԺ˵
ȥμﶼĳմûõΣԼ۶ᱩǣʱӦòҲ¥Ϲ
ͬ˵򴽣û˵ͬʰԼ㡣
߶Ȼҵ
ȥǵľ¥𣿡
һͷ򣬵Ҫٿ쿼졣
ϾǶͬⲻô˽⣬ҲֻаռϡĿǰͬ˻Ƿǳֱڷ֪жģȻĻҲԼͷоô²ʽ޳ṩ¥
պͬģǿ
ϾԼҵľ¥Զֻڴƽһңһȱ֮
˲Ų
˼䣬ﴫһζ
ͷѾըˡ
ըò꣬Ҫڵ±֭
ͬ⽫̵±֭ʱǹȻˡ֨֨֨
ĽôѽСѾЦ
ɩӿõ㣬ĿǾ̾㿴žͺóԣҲ㣬һ㶼ȣ
ǣҲζ϶áͬ˵ţƣݹȥһ˫ɾĿӣˣ㳢öԲԡ
ЦŰ֣СѾɣҾĺרҵ
ѾͷǳԵĶˣ˵ŵͬǫ˵ţûпúƳԡ
϶ǺƲգҲδܳԳûͲԶԷ֪֮ľܾԼ롣
һԵСѾȲˣ˵ҾͲ
ûֱÿӼͳԣϸһпû뵽ҲôÿҶе㲻ĳˡ
㣬֮ǰҪȽ㴦һ£һͬǣɾ㸹λ֮ҪסȽͷ
ȻõŹͷƬβͱƬһƬ⣬ȻӴ̵Ƭ
µƬ⣬ƤֱޣбޣƤεơ
ƺõ¹ըʱ򣬸ĹͻһһϵĴһ㡣
Ҫը֮⣬ͷҲҪ¹ը
ըͷʱҪÿӰѹͷ°Ͳλչͣƴ̣ͻʮֺÿ
ͷ°ڳ״㶼ֳٻɫɫ󣬿Ư
ƯĲˣҲѹСѾЩöƻˡ
û˳ЦĻΪͬɩҲôġ
¶Щ֮ɫŲƣһ֣Ͱһ˶סˡ
ƯƯչһˣζǲãĿҲǰ״
СѾȻҲп֮Сùӱϼһմ֭СУȻֻԼĿӡ
ղǵ˼Ʒʱûעϸڣƺ˭ûгԣһСѾ˼ԣ⻹˹ꡣ
Ҳע⵽ϸڣɰͷû뵽СѾȴϸʮֶ
̫óˣۣɿڣû뵽⻹ôóԣСѾһ̲֮ס֣µҾˣԺҰˣ
ͬð⣺ôóԣܳаǴó𣿡
ûȺ𣿡СѾһȻڵģĿڸбǴһǧһ򱶣ˣұ֤ԽܳаǸŰ
⺢ӣ˵Ҳ̫ˣôó԰ɩӿŮǵ̲סˮ
СѾӵݹȥԼ
ͬɩ׿ƷԺϵı鶼ˣĶˡ
զԸ㻹Կ˰ǲҲûгԹôóԵ㣿һҸ޵ĸоСѾҡͷԵĴȤ
ɩӲһ۽ǵˮĵûзŮĻǣǺܺóԡҸޡ
˵ţһʱ֮Կˢ
ǲ˵ʲôˣްСѾˡ
ɩҡͷЦȴֹסˮû˵ʲôǿģĵޣ

495¹ԽͻԽ

뿪ɼңڷؿջ;УƵС֣ƣǵôó𣿾ȻҸĵޣ
˵㣿Դʡ
ҡšһ
ǵͦóԵģ˵ҶеˡǿӦòΪ˺ó԰ɣԶĳմЩնһ壬־ϣĸоȷʵأ
ô㾭
ջĿ⣬Ӧ㾭ɣֹֹһΰ
ʲôʱ򣿡׷ʣۡ
ƼĿתԼչһЦ֪û˵ʱ򰡣㲻֪ʱҪˣ
ʵһξӦǰ˹ըʱɣ̫죬йûôǿңǰʹƺڼģأ
жǼ·Ժмǵ쳣ʱԼķĿ
Բŵˣ̲סս֣ǸۣԺ󲻻ˣƣҾԲ㾭ģ
ƲĿһĨЦݣţȥˡԺܱ֤ԼҲ𣿡
ܣ
սϣ˭Ҳܱ֤ԼǾ԰ȫġ
ҲԸ˵ѣֻóĬ
ķӦѾ֪˴𰸡
̲ס̾˿
ҵıһֱߣָ΢΢˶Բ𡣡
㲻һֱǸ֪ѴҲ⡣˵ֻһ⣬գΣ
У붼ĸ񶨴𰸣ץźƵֶֻȻһԸǺȫ˲أұ֤ɵᣡȻȥ㣡
㤣
ƱһʣҸ񶨴𰸣Լ˵ʩ֮Ļ˭֪ҾȻ˵ѪȵĻ
ڸԼЦ
Ҫ٩һ䣬ȴҵ쳣棬׻һ˿ֻźͱŰ
ҾȻģ
ңԼղŵĻƺŵңҵӽʧرԵ
㡭촽˶һЦɣҲΣյģ𣿡
գգۣһƤģ
֣ûлռ䡣һаʤ
Խ˵ұԽǽţ޲ýưһ̲롣
ңƾԼǰʯͷԼĽţö˶˵ΪҪⰡôš
͵ؽ§ƣ㲻ܳ£֪𣿷Ҳұ֤Լʲô
ʱƲžҵ徹Ȼ΢΢
ķ·𱻵һ㣬˫ֱסҵ˵ҲµģİɣһᱣԼǶҪúõģһŶԷϡ
ᣬëɨ궯ģʧصȶ
ƽָֻӣԸղŷֲֻᣬɺеĵȴԽԽˡ
صջƱȥʦ̸һ̸ҽʧص£ȴһ뿪ȫûлᡣ
գ𴲣ԼװһһεСһϵͨݡ
ԭΪԼѾˣ¥ŷѾۼ˺ܶˣɽ˺ȥ
ʲôôôˣ̲סڱԹ
򴽣ǰ𿪣Ӳһ·
ûǰ˱عͷ˵û˵𣿽ͨݵܴս¥ɴ˭Ӯ˭ͨݵһȥﶼμӳմأ
Ǵ˵ģƳԾʵ
˹Цͨݾ¥˸ʾһִ߽Դһ
ʱԱ߿ֵ˲ڵ˵ɴѾ¥ˣ˿ʰأ
ɣ¥ô飿ô˵ɴҲǽ¥ĶһߣЩƲ˭
ѽֻҪѲ£˭
⽭¥Ҳ̫˰ɣͬҲùģ
˭˵أ

ΧƲɺҶһۡ
ͨݾ¥ǱɣȻܳаͬıԣûĨڽ¥
Խ죬СԺͻۣ
ôˣôȥ֪ɴСѾûССֹ
ҸӽϸߣŻһȦҡҡͷûмǣӦѾȥˡߣҲȥɣ
ôƻû˵꣬Ϳҵǰһģǰ˶ʱվȣߵȥ
̫ˣ
Ҳֱӵİ취
ʱ򣬺Ѿ˲ȥſȺķʽˣΪһ·ֱ֮ͳȥ
һ·ߵͨݾ¥ſڣŷϯ¥϶վˡ
ȥͨϰնô
û¸ɣרŵ֣
̲ס̡
ſڣʲôģеСҺͺվſڣƵĹˡ
ͨݾ¥ڵλͶԤˣʱվſûλĿ϶ʱֵġ
ͨݲƹĻǵСæˣһֱкˣ۵òˣҺͺûԤλû·Ȼ̫á
ҿǵСָ֣ʶľֹȥԷǸָ۶ϡ
һ־ͱƷɿסˡ
ɴɴ֣ѯʵ
ɴ֣Сü´һʲô֣
ȥɴ֪ƽĴ
СվŵȻȥʡ
ˡƺò˵
ΪСܿͻ˭֪Էȥ֮ţҺͺſڡ

496Һܷ

˽ӽһӣҵɫѾļҪˮ
Ｗ֣ŨŨɷ
վߵĺԸо¶Ƚ˺üȣˡ
ңҪȻؿջɣæסҵ֣еĲԽԽǿҡ
ʱͬԵ£ӵҵ״̬
ؿջҲͷͻùһЦˣôأ
ƴûмЦ
ЦݰаһѪɷƫƫһ˫峺ޱȣͬӤ㴿
ָоͺһո˴ĺӣѪߵӱߣһС㣬¶õЦݡ
ìܣȴɢջ
ңôˣ㵽ôˣЩˡ
ҵͷ۳ЦĲˣƣҲκ۸ģЩ۸˶к³
˵촽΢΢˶ȴûз
֪һڴɽŵץס֣ңû۸ҡǸСûҵɴֻ̫æһʱ֮ˡ
ǽڣüһǱ֪ôˡҷֽƵסеվھ¥ſڣ񰵳ĳһɨ
ЩԭĿʱϤ˻ȥ
ик߶ϵӱŵһ飬˫һ˵ϡ
ѽ¥ſվеĺÿ£оҪɱƵģ
ؿڣԼҪһ㣬˲䱻亹ʪ
ͬϣȺһʱ֮ͨͨ˶ʮˡ
Щһɫ԰ף亹·ܵ˾޴ľһ㣬߻һСʧ˿ӡ
ɧζΧűӶԶһЩڳһȦյ
ʱȺɧѾ˲Ϲˣҳʲô⣬ؿջѦҽ
ǣҽž͸ƵվŲԺƵҪǿ߶ԷѶȵġ
ںԽ֭취һȥʱаʮѾ޶ǸСĲӽԷˡ
аʮһͬĻͬСѾ
ͬˣȴһװ磬ʱȻֹ
СѾϳƣϲǰȥס֣磬ˣҺ͵ڵأһƴҪʼˣǸϽȥɣ
Ƴһ£ͷҡ
ʱаʮѾľһ㱨ˡ
ƵǵĿ⣬̧¶ݶЦƣȽȥɣһᴦõģ
㴦ʲô㴦ƾ´ʱʧصʲô׵
ңһ𡣡֡
ԺƵҪ޷ܾοԼСϱôŴŴ˵Һԥ߹ȥ
ãҹȥסƵ֣һͬͨݾ¥ߣȻƮƮĶһ䣬ͷ
һͷаʮѾǸŵ̱ĵС뿪ˡ
ңҪǸСͷʵ
ĵӦһͣפ΢ҵ޽Ģֶ́һͷ
ΪʲôƲ⡣
ҹ˹˲Ӧ°𣿿δֻеˡ
ƣ
ȻôѪܵ˵ֱ׳
ԱСѾһֱ˵Ͼ
һ·ߵ˱ס
չֻֽܴȥվںſ˵Ĳͨݾ¥ĻƣǽԱҵСˣ˵ҼԱţֽţȻǱԣȻҪƽֻܴ֣ɴҲֻܴ
ͬЦȻҾʹŮСѾλֵܽȥ
ɴòֵĲһ˰ɣʱںܳа߳˵ӴŮ˰ô¥û˰ûϵֲ˵ʵڲлԴͨݽ˸㡣
⻰¥һˣ֮⿴¥ж಻˶ɸ㡣
ͬɫЩÿƹҲ˵˸ҵˣԼܾˡλֵܵѣġ
ܳаߴӹøպͬ˵Ҫ֪䣬ɾûô
ͬⱻ嶼Щˣ˭˭Ӯһأ
Ҿ͵ſʲôòˣܳаֻʱӲ˸ص˺
ͨΪα⽫ֳ֣ܳаͬռһߣмӸʾ档
û취վſڻĶš
Լ̫ˣܳаͽܾñ쬵ģӰɻЧʣܳаͳͨƹģڸƵ֮ͨݾ¥ﰲ˸λλүˡ
ȻԸ뿪Ǻƺ˰ͬ⡣
һαܳаͬˣȻ˳ȥƷ
ɵǣ˵˶һ㣬һ
ͬⱨȥȻ֮ǰõ˼
ԭΪܳаǴͰ˿˭֪ԷȻû˿ĳһƷ
һƷǰû˵ˣҲûмܳаĪоĲʽͬЩֹ
СѾƲƲ죺оľ͸óҿ϶ͻˣרŸأܻһӻˮ
СѾˣͬȻ谮СѾýҲһΪ۰Ӿͽӹߵ޷졣
ͬӣЦܳаҲͶԾǳġɴ˸еı𣿲ȡˣ
԰˼ζԼԳģֱû˵
ܳаĶѧգҲ޷ȣ
ٺ٣أܳаǰʯͷԼĽˣ
뵽ͬʱģɵĿʼǰ׼

497˫

ֻڴʳĵĵط˵ĵطѾŲͨݾ¥ãԵʱҪ˵Ƥӵ˵ġ
ĸ̨һطַܹʦ˵ȫ̡
˵ÿʦԼĶطԸ⽫˵Ĺ̹֮ڣȻͬԣȻҪ󷽷չʾ˵ʳĳں˵ǸÿʦһЩܵĿռ䣬Է͵ʦ
ƲûаæʳģͬСѾҲûæ˼վһ߿˿ܳаǱ߶׼ʲôʳġ
ʲô͵ʦ𣿡ܳаĴͽܿĺ
ӣһ޹ԭʦտһ۾ѧᰡ
֮⣬ǳԣֵѧ
ܳаӣ뵽һҲӮ˴ͽһۣĻʲô죡ҪòԿ
ͽܱ㬵ģ쳤ȥͬ׼Ķ
ֻǣô򵥣ʲôñȵأ
ƾڳҲûﲻʲôæվһͬ˸к˳ȥ
Ҫ˿ţȥȴû˹ܵġ
ȥ֮ûеһʱѰңںԺתŰͷϳ
Ȼ·ǽӶĵʱͷϴ͵͵
ĸк£
а
ưͷȥȻаʮ֦ϣͷԼ
ͨݵĶ亮䣬ȴ߹һҶ⣬֦ͺͺġ
ӰҶڣĺѷϾȻˡ
ʮ磬¡㲻ô˵ƴܡ
аʮ岻ǳ˳飺ĸʲô
ǸСǲıͷȴ־ôʱҲû壬ĿڵŰɣ
šѾȥҽҽˣǡֻҲ˵ˡȻаʮǲ˵ġ
ĬȻ
Σ˵ʮ磬ûио̫
аʮĬһĳ֣ûС
ûУ˵ϹȻ̧ͷѵͰͷ
һĬȻаʮСĸǾóͷ̫᣿
ֱûͨˣ
ķȥ
ھ¥תһȦܿҵҡ
ôˣ£ݹһպڵĲ衣
ĹĵĽӹһ
Ҳüָһ
غƲˣţתתʵаأ»û𣿡
£ҷʣֽϵĲƵǰԵӡ
Ӷǰͷ£ĶθڳԶ
ҡҡͷаҴһ½վ¥ʲôˣһ᲻˼ͷƫܳа
ãһҽȥ졣ȫûúƼа˼עһ£ƣպƺаɡĸде㲻ˣֵ̿ġ
Ƶû뵽һ㣬뵽Լÿνаʱ򣬶ԷķӦʮ֣ǼΪġ
ȻˣôΪԼ֪ñأ
ã֪ˡ֪͸ġ
ѵüɵģõЦˡ
аû취˸Ѧҽͨ籨ţֻöңܶ࿴סһһ̡
ҪʱԼ³ǡ
д⣬θҲˣеĲС
㣬ֺ˰뱭ˮ˼ʱˣ˵һص
߽ԺͼСѾˮվſڽһԼȾͳ˹
ƳһæʵСѾôˣ
ҵҵˡСѾһֱһʵ˵
ô£ƽţȥ
СѾ󣬳ҭ˵ܻͽܹ⺦ˣҵв˵ʱײҵһ£һˮҵϡ
̫ˣ
ٽԾȻֽţ
ŭȥΡдֹѪû
ˣɴûСѾ
˺һ۾ͿСϴͷɥͬ⡣
ͬʳָָһɼǵĿӣƤⷭѪȻû˿ȴӴĿģֱϺһƬ˺öˮݡ
ͬȴ·֪ʹһ㣬ʺѪҺδ𵽵ϣ۴͵Ŀŵ棬ն޹⣬һӡ
ɴϵ˻Ǵһ°ɣܿ˿Ѿˮˣûҩ
ôĿӣҩĻϣҪҲѪһֱôȥ
ֵǲҩֻºõҲѣһ̡
ͬƵ̧ͷЦԲסˣֻһҪˡ
ֶֻˣ൱Ѿˣĵ׻һƬαĲϣˡ
δԣ԰ܣƵ˵ǰͷϸ鿴һ˿ڣӻͳƿҪҩȻһûȥñԡ
˵ţ򿪴ƿֱַֻͬҩ
ϴĽҩЧʮֺãȥ˿ϵѪۿɼٶˡȻƤȻⷭţˣûѪˡ
ˣĨ˸࣬ģԻʹ
ͬŪ޹˵ⶼүӮ
⸱úƿŻ̲ס˵үӮܳаӮѵү̵ģү˵ģǽձ˵СѾѵҲ˵СѾ𣿡
ȻᣡСѾ˵͸ܳаƴͬԺĵһͷ˺Ƶ˼
֪üͬЦҶˣôȥˣ
˵ţ˺۵˫֣ɬ
ֽСѾ㲻ǻСѾ𣿡

498»ף

СѾ
ͬĿԼŮϡ
СѾ۵ϻˮǾŵҡͷңУеģҶûˣ
ֹûֻһΣһ׶ûУʶľͷԡ
ƶΪʲôУû𣿡
û˰СѾҰС˵
ƱࣺҲǵһΣɺãζɺã
ãСѾ붼ĵͷԵĲȷʵƽԵζˣֱ˯ʱڻζأ
ȻһξôãΪʲôУƹ㶼һˣ˸ΪϤӦñĸòŶԣ
СѾգ۾ʶŤͷȥͬ⣬ЩûעĽе
ͬ˼ռһ˿ЦСѾ㲻̫ѹҪʵڲǾ͡
ΪʲôСѾѵҪ𣿡ƲͬĴϣһͬ⣬ɴСѾѾʮˣЩ¿Լˣ
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502ڣҲŻ

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504ɽˣ

Ƶ̲סˣ̧ңղŸʲôȥˣˣ
˭˵ĵңЦÿƣڵ𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷʦ˵㾭𣬹ûлָҪ
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ʱҵȶȣƺҪƲ븹һ㣬úЩмܲס
ҪǣŵһɺŨѪζ
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ԣı⡣
̺书ԱʶѪпһ棬֪ն
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507Ϊ

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ѵ˷ܵӣεЦߡ
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ƾһ·߶߶ĸԼ˵ţǺЦ쳣̤ʵ
Ů׷绨ѩ£ϲ鱦ʻ֬ˮԼĲϣɺȴʮָۣԸԼ뷨˵Լѣ̹̹װ׵һͺá
ֻﰲ̤ʵˣȥƷζеһϸڡ
򣬶û塣
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ԼΪٵĶȽӣɽղصıҲ廨ţܴıֻһߣеĶùˡ
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գ˼۾ɽ󵱼ҵĲŷӦԷ˵˽ӣҪŭȴʶ˽ΣЩǶǰˣ
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Ҳ£ҪǰʵںңЦŵʱҲ綾߰η塣
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гԵİǲųӣĺأֻЦ
ջŻʱ׹оöģ̲ס͸Ż

508Ҫʳ

׼㣬Ժȣһ·ֻҪϢͿԼ·Щ̶ӵ˲С
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ɽɶȻҲˡ
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Ůɽʵڲ̣ͣϢĿյŵӳƺȥ
˭֪δ߽㱻аʮסˡ
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عͷʶ΢΢ף󽫺ӽ˹ԸЩʲô
һӱһĶɽ˵ǶҸŮԵġǮȥɣ
ллллˣǴ˰ɽжĲˣϹ
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ŮӣɽһᣬæˮҵݹȥɶȺȿˮȻѱˡ
ţɶˮҹ˹˺˼ڣžÿð̵ɤӺһЩүүҲȡ
ãɽӦţĴݸŮԼҲˮҺ˼ڡ
㰡ɶ˲ҧһڱӶŵù
ŮԵĿģɽһЩóԣҪŮ
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ȻͷҪԵĺˮҲܰ
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ߣһȥһˣ

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ƾʲôֵˮͳʳ
ҿһ
ۼĿûԵʱ˼
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Ůһ꣬ȥԼǸŮԵ㡣
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ɶһæȥԼүү
ͷǲǸʶһ׵ĺӴʵ
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ʶҡͷϡ
ǴЦޣͷʵǲʶΪθԵģ
Ҳ֪ϵϡССſɽʶЩʳԼĻ
ЩûֵˮͳʳǲҺͺǣԼϡ
ѹָղŶԷ⽻ԼϽԣǧʣ£ԭѾ϶Ⱥ˻ᡣ
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ֲ̫ɽĻȥ޶ĲӣȻôװǾȥҪһЩԵĻ
ֵĴȣɽԵøСûзء
үүſүүɶ˹ȥȴһƿˡ
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509Ա

̶ӵ˿ɽɶȥҪʳ͸ɾˮ
ɽɶͷҺͺƵΪᱻסʱȴϵķˣĵĸָһºڵ
еܳ
ɽû뵽ԼŮĿܵ˵ԴֻѾǷ¶Է̫࣬ôܶأ
һвʮˣʹ·Ҳֻ׼ĸﹻ̶ӵ˳ԣ
Ҫʳˮ̶Щ˵̰պȡİá
ɽĺףԣڼƺҵĵһʱֱ˵ˣЩ˱Ҫʳˮǧܸ
Щ죬ЦźҶһۣǲʳˮЩ˻ǻ·𣿡
ɽɫأȻҲ뵽һ㡣
ɪɪɶȴͻȻڣ㣬ԴҺүүһ𣿡
ɽݵĻô׵ıɶʳˡ
һ˲䣬ɽеЩɣεĵȴźƵĴ𸴡
ЦŻش𣺡԰
ᵽɤ۶ĶȻء
лл˵Ĵ£ɽȻУлһˣɽҪŮͷȴֹˡ
˷ֵƶ񣬶ı˵ɽ˵Ʒ
ԸְԷһѣԸӺаʮȥȡɽүǵһ
̶ӵ˼ǸɽȻΪѣԹԽ
ҲûǶһ¾һԼһʱ·ֱ֮úӺаʮȺȥʮˮҡ
ٷԶˣˮһ͹ȥˡ
ƣʵ̫һ˵
бպЩĳҪһЩ
˵ңʱ
һʱȻ̣ꤵ̶Ӵʱȼֺ£Ҳ֮ǰһȫ嶼ɽɱԽ
ҿЩ˵˼ٸѾȥ˷ˣǰȫġ
˵գҲЩô룬ֱа˼ǰС
̶ӵѾûˣֻͣڴﹺʳ
˦βͣаҲٱȫǰ
ԭǵƥͱ̶ӵĺãһ·ΪչǸŲŷŻٶȵġ
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үү˵ԭǻ𣿿Ǿǵĸܺðʵ
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ʵϣɽǰҲ֮Աƣǽʵڸ̫Ĵ̼Լǰ뷨ȫƷе㼫ˡ
ŮʻžԼĻɶ
΢΢ҡһͷɽ̾үүҲ֪ԣʵ̫ˡ
һҺͺҲ̶ӵЩˡ
Щ˹ﶼ˽Ѫͻ񡣡Һ̶ܿЩӲˡ
ɽʱô̶ӵĴַ
۸˺ͺӵʱ
ҲЩˣȴ־ﲻϣʵ̫ƽٸ˻񣡡
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˻û鷸ƣôնݳҡͷʧЦΨһıɷǿΰסЩеĶ񡣡
Ļһýȥġ
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³ݿˮ߹ǰ㺮䣬ӽϴķȻ̹ǡ
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ռĳֳƷ̫٣³ݲɴɹһЩϺȡ
ϺռУƱ㶣տհʱһЩϺ͸Ϻʡ
ˣˣѾտճûԣƼüŪ۵ġ
һŷӦտԼŵأ
Ƥû⣡ǸԼˣ̳ǽտմѾõƤ
տջһȲĻƤ
һס˷ŭС̬Ŀտգһ΢紵ɢȻͨһˮĽ
ƶȥֻһԼһ׳ɫͷȪε쳣졣
βɫƬˮһƬƬŹ⣬ϸʯĿ
Ŀƣϸӯӯһա
ϡ
ۡƲѪտգӾ·ϣ
տεе㲻⣺ˣҲûˣҪҲһ
θƨ۶ǰͷ˭Ӿ̲ס໰ȻӿⷿһԼ·ͷĶȥ
տսӹϣúõ´һӣֱӸסƨɡ
κܲ㣬ʪԺϲտһ£
ƿǸʪԸӣˣ㻹ԼˣҪȻ㻹ǻطŭСɣ
ҪӾտһŤˮβĴһˮ
ˮŽϣˣȪΣѵҪҺϴˮҪξȥ
һûĿǣտԸһߴȪһС죺ǼұĴ𣿾Ȼ˽С۶

510°޵ͬ

ʲôмҵĴ
̣ѿտúýѵһų˿ռ䡣
ڿͷĴϣ̲סͷ˿ԼѵĺСҪҪֵľϳԣ
ͨݶͣ˼գڵȵһûзĴ죬ԼõĴȥ̿ڡ
һ˶Ͻ˻˻Ҫͨ
һ˴ͨȥ̿ڣһҴˣһػ
ÿҴȥĴѹ֮⣬Գʮˡ
ÿ˵Ĵһӣʮ˱ʮ
۸ܹ󣬵Ա֤һ·İȫṩ͡
Ҳܹ
ҺͺǳĴϳһʮ֮⣬һڴһλ֡
ǶԷͲ󣬿Լʮ꣬λʮӣƽԵ÷ǳСкӣãǺö͡
һ˴Ų㻪󣬵̸ֹʮ񣬳ԴöҲʮֽ
Ʋ²ϸ˻һ˼ұȻҾȴֻһ˵Ϊֺ˷ѽ⡣
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ƳһǶԷأ
ее书ӣŮĲᡣҷɿĻش
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ҪȻȥװϴ磿Ҽ
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ƲңߣҲܱ֤ӿռʱڴϡҿɲӾ
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Щǽܶƽϲģȴ˿á
Һ£Ҫ´ǲҪ˺òãǻ游Ұɣܶš
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ҳԵúܿ
һ뵽ֻܳ㣬ȴܳԵôóԵģͳԵøˡ
ƣѦ֪ԵôãֻĸϾʦͽϵҳܺõĿЦ
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ƿ类߰ǵĺӰЦ޵ͬɡȻͬһҴԵ֡ܰͰһѰɣ

511Сƨ

޵ͬɣ
⻰ܺ
ҼԼƱȻǰԵ֣һ뵽ϻôˣͲˡ
ȺҲԵ
ߣҪǸϵһҴȥԵֻңҷ޷׼ȥԸаˡ
ƿЦõĽشϣˣҸղû˵꣬޵ͬɻһأ
ʲô׷ʡ
ƴǧ޵ùߡ
̹ˡ
ƳȥѰҵ˽ܶĸףֱ˵Ӷһҽ԰ӿһ
ûѦϣΪӳôãѦҽû¶棬˵Է£ǿѦϳ˿Ѧһŭ֮°˸
̫ˣλܶĸ״ϲԼסĴա
ܶģɫƣûĸ׵Ļ
ܶĸ׼ɷİ˽Щ֣ǽܶڴϣȻòվ
ᣬλ˶ҽܶĸϲ˵
жĸƣ¶м֮ɫллǣҶӴϴûþ;òˣڵˮδ鷳æʲô취Сܲôܡ
ΪɰƳͷ߹ȥͷǸһֱԼСкչһЦܶѸ첲òã
Ƶϣ̬ܶȼơ
˭Ҳʶ㣡ҲҪҲҩȥȥܶ󺰴УܾƵĿ
û뵽ܶôķӦеΡ
ȻиϴѦҽλʦԼȴδι
˵ˣδʦ
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æǳ֣ܶôƣ˾Ͳˡ
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ܶĸĸ۵Ĳˣֲ֪ô졣
λܲҸ̸̸ܶͻȻ
ܶĸĸһ£Щɡ
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СĵҲǣȻѵԼĺӣ
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ˣȮӣðʵڱǸȳȥȮӾ鷳ˣܶĸ׺ܿѡΪܶղŵʧǸȻеơ
΢ЦףһᾡΪ
ܶĸ׻˵ʲôȴ˳ȥ
ܶеţǱ߰
ߣСʵ㣡ұȥɺȴʾҲȥٳȥ֮ǰװͰ͵в˽ܶһ䡣
յŹˣֻʣ˽ܶͺˡ
ܶɫÿŮˣҲóѵģ
óѣ֪ҪʲôƾúܺЦ
ܶߣȻ֪ƭҳҩ
Ȼͯͯ
ԲҩʲôϵЦŷʣȻ˴β
ܶ˸Դո壬ⱳԺƲ
ǹһκȴȻŵһζ
ǻķҷǲľ㣬Ҳ֪κһʳ֬ˮ۵ζ
ζȴԴ˼֣θĲƺõ˻⡣
̲סһ£͵͵⳯Ƶķȥ
ֻǸҪԼŮһۻɫĶ˹İۻɫƤȻһƬС
֪ܲǹʲôζɽܶĿȴԾķڳҺ

ֵ𣬽ܶһ죬סԼĶӣңҲŲأ
ţ֪ҲָԵģЦ˵һһͣƷ
ܶŴβԶøˡ
Сӣܲ֮ԿֻܺΪῴҩѡ
⿴ĶˣܶҲ̲סˣ˹ȥ᣺ҳ
з⽫һӶУƾƤߡ
õƤܶȷǹԵζǴϷġ
ֻôƤƺܳԣܳԵĹȻѾǸŮ˳Թˡ
Ůˣôô̰ԣȻһ㶼ûңܶĹĵ˵
ͷʮֲ죺ֲʶ㣬ΪʲôҪ㣿
Ϊܶҭ˺һҳһɣ˭㵱ҵԣ˵㡢㲻Ҫҿô˵ʶң
ƺ޹㲻Ҹ㿴ǲʶ
߼ѽܶˡ
˺һܶŸɰͰ͵˵ҽ࿡ܣʶ˰ɣ
ƶ˵Լ֣ŤĲС
ƾʵ̫ɰˣԼһЦСһըë
ţãҽкơԼ
࿡Ҳ֪Ƿסˣҵ˵ͷȲƤʵʲô㻹𣿡
УӣһˮҪȸȷܲܳԡЦеĴ
࿡ܻɵĿòǹⲻҳ԰ɣ
ҪС֮ĶȾ֮Ӵһָҡҡ
࿡ֲܷǾӣŮӣ
˵ҧҧˣһ㲻ɣ֮Ҫӳԣ
ҩ֮󣬲ſԳӣƾ
࿡һҩͺ˼֣£ϽҸ㣬ҿɲʲô߰ҩԵģ
ģҲҿҩģЦ˵ΪҳŴҩĲ࣬ģô˷ϣ
ôһ˵࿡ܸˣߺߵţһҩѣͷҸǣ

512ˮ


Ŀһװ̧֣֣Ҫ
࿡ܱߺߵĽС첲˹
Ʒ࿡岢ûʲô⣬δµƢθͣЩʳŻ¡
ܺΣֻҪδҩϢٽʳɡ
óϴȸԼ׼õδҩ裬ƻ˻ΣûвֻҪͲ
࿡ܵ۾ʱˡ
ÿЩԼ˵ԼввȻһҩ͸ˡ
ѵ˸Լ˵Լûвģ
Ů˵мֱ˵Ŀ˺һ䡣
ƼװûŮ֣ҩ˹ȥȳˣҾͰӸ㡣
ðð˵࿡ȲĽҩ˹ȥ
ƾƽƤ˻Ȼϵˮݸ
ҩЩɬ뵽һӳԣ࿡ǿŷθĸоҩ˽ȥȻƴˮ嵭еĿζ
ҳˣϽӸңڹˮ֮࣬Ѻơ
˵Ȼȡһӵݹȥ
࿡ܿļˣĹӣΪҴδҪøһԡ
û뵽⺢ȻӣǺТĵġ
áԺƤ˺ɼݷڴζͲúˡƽƤ˺˸ʾ
࿡ܲͷĵͷ֪ˣ쿪ţ
СעױתƣƤζֳδҩѾԼ֮ǰܶˣӶǳӵ¡
ź࿡ܵĸĸָֻ˾񣬲ϲ⣬Ƶл
ưڰ֣ûʲô׼뿪
ȵȣ࿡ܳסȻԼĵ˵ղҴӦҩġ
࿡ܵĵˣƣˣ֪ҩѶ٣
ˡҶġƺЦؾܶûʲô£һԸЩ嵭ࡣ
ĿҺͺ뿪࿡ܵĸϵЦʧЩࣺλһˡ
Ǿ˽ܶ࿡ܵĸ׶˵
࿡ܾеӣ㿴ղǸŮ˸
ףǺ࿡ܵĵɻеӣ¶ɻ
࿡ܵ󣺡ӣǰƤԵģҰǳ԰
˵ţѧźƵȥӡ
һ͵ػһ£Ӷʱֶµµ˳Ŵȥ
ҵӣ࿡ܽһȥ׷ӡ
ܶܣ࿡ܵĸæеȥ׷ȴ䲻ԵվȳԱߵȥ
æסԼӣᣬҷشա
û£磬ȥ׷ܶżƿɷĸ첲ߴٵ
ӦһվȺ㳯װȥ
һҵҡΡ
˴ϴˮģֵǳһ
ͨˮ
деиӵˣ
©ˮˣ
ˮϴˣ

бײҳһš
ĳȥ壬ܵװϣӭͼһ
ǵ
æһɽգԼԡ
ĶҲ˴С˵ĻɾܶҵĽ֣ܶȾҶӣ
ִʱڴ۲װϵĻתȥ
εҲװߣ˼ˤڵء
һʹһʱŶɫҰ׵ĺҶӺۡ
ߵտڵֶʱת˹𣺡ˣǶ̥ȷȥţ
ˮʮֳʪȹѾˮ͸һ飬϶º䳹ǡ
ʹ֪⴬˵ִʱҲûиõİ취ˣֻȽᰲڴ
װϣϴ󡢴ˮһš
ǳҴϮҴҲֱˮȥ
ˮıƺ
ҺͺҲڼװϣĸ硣
ºƱ˵սŰΧ
࿡ˮʱ򣬾ƲԶƱаʮˮˡ
˭֪аʮˮУ㱻ˮ˲סˡ
࿡ΪˮƴţˮĽиˮ㳯˹ȥ
һĻƹ˲ٽˣֱһԾ˽С
ƣûзתͷһĻŵû궼ˡ
ȥȴв۵ˮ
ԭһ֣ʱȴֱӲܲ˵˹Ǽˮֱɡ
תͷٳȥѾƵӰ
࿡Ҳˡ
ĪǱȥˣ
־ŭһ볯ȥ
ɣ㺮壬˹ܺ޽ҲȲ㣡Ѧҽֹȵ
ۿѣˮˣ
ааʮȥˣѦҽԽ޴ҵץסҵĸ첲һסұˮ
ааʮܵˮԾˮС
ݶĽˮȻ½ϵ¶ԸһЩȻ̹ǣ˻类һϸţë㣬ۡ
Ͻˮļֻǣԭͺˣοˮ
ааʮˮ㱻˲סò׽֮ٿΧﻹĸӰӡ
˲ģһǱ뽭ˮУȴ޹
ϣ˴ֱ̼ʣ֣ȫԸˮۡ
һҴˮȫɱˮˮһ̫תҴȥ
ˣʮҲһ룬ʣ˰ϴڶˡ
ϴָ˽Ĵȥ޲׵ѷ죬ˮѰҶӡ
ǣľҲûп࿡ܵӰҡ
ʱֿ첽Ӵ߳еˣײ˶ӣֻҪС

ܵ˫شûϴҺúۼֿһѣ˴
һߣվڴͷŽ棬еɱԽԽأȥˮͷĿץƲصĶȥˣ
ƻᱻΪпռ֡
ֺûüռ䣬ˮС

513ƲҵĽҩ

ѦҽվϵϢһ仯ǵһġ
ʶģ̧ͷҵ۾ֶԷ˫۷죬ƺһ˲㱻Ѫ˿ˡ
Ѧҽﲻɿһ£ң侲㣡
ѦϣҺ侲ҵرƽ䵭ģȷʵûκγ嶯ס
ԽѦҽԽġ
ǰҶʱ۵Ҳ᷺죬һ΢ϡ
ԴӶ֮󣬱Ҳûй֢״
ڣ֢״Ȼһγˣ
Ѧҽɷ˵ȥץĸ첲ܲԾȸѰ
áҺԼ塣һ㣬ܿˡ
Ѧҽţƨһ඾͵øϽýҩΪڵľܳŵס𣿡
Ѧϣ䲻ҩΪ϶Ѧҽŭ֮ǰƽĲƲҵĽҩڣұһڣұᷢ񡣡
Ѧҽס
ԭҶԺˡ
еĺиΪĳǡ
˼ǵʱǺ䣬ͬİʹ
Ҳһִ˵д˺˻ģһֻרһˣܶԶ顣
ڶ˵ȻдѦҽȴܵ¶֮˵ĺݶġ
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Ѧҽаû£ǳĬ˼ʲô
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ҽһֱߣָһǸˮһʱҽһ
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ааʮṦ̤ˮӵһϡ
ԭһϵҲδҳһţǼ̤ȡ˴ָȨһ˸飬ֻʹڸвҪǵЩ֡
ÿȴһ룬ҵĶͬ͹尾һ֡
ҵԱٱ׼һеˮʱͻȻ˺Ƶ
һʹ󣬴󲽳βȥ
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λһȰ˽ڰѾ⣬Ҫסӣ
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һƽôŮӺɤɼǶô
ûһ㣬·
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ѦҽҪƢɿͽܶɪɪɫҰ׵ӣõһߣ㬵ӣΪʦȥ㰾ȥȥ
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Ӧ˵ЩʲôܵϱŵԼˮĶʱʶʲô¡
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üɫ˵˰죬ȴûһӦ
գڷҵ쳣̧ȥңôˣ
ޱ飬һվ۾һգգֱ׷һĨɫ
ңôңƱҵŵˣ۾ô£

514²˧ܣ

Ƶʻգһ۾ƺҪʲôȴúƵԽԽģһ㵭ɫ
㵵ĳ𴦿ȥȴӡǴ徹Ȼɫġ
ҵ۾
ʶ̧ȥԼ۾Ȼֻǰתһڱʲô֪ˡ
ңƾ˹ȥ
ȴûзκ쳣
֪Լҽ̫ǳˣŸеʦʦ
ڴβල򰾽Ѧҽæһ·Сܹͽܣôˣ
쿴ңƼĿˡ
ѦҽֵػԵҺɫ䣬̽
־ҵʱģڵϣſʵʲô£
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ô㻳ΪʦҽѦҽ̼ʵ
ǣҡ磡˵ȴ˸硣
ѦҽϽȥţʪ·ȥ˽
˵ţѦҽ㽫Ҷڴ岻ܣųȥˡ
ôڳʪĴϣȥϻص˴ϡ
غţɿĴӿռȡ˸ɾ·ϣٽͷɡ
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տգˣƤӵбɫӴһʱؿΧΪһ壬ǲǺ˧
ƣ˧ܣ
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ƣڻʣٻ֣
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ѦҽƵͣҵϣǳת뿪Ծš
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Ҳ֮ǰҵһֱԾȻǻѹĵǺŭ
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Ҳãѵﲻ׼𣿡
˵ţͻȻһ󼱴ٵĽŲԶ
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ƣ۵࿡˾ǰ㣬۵һƣ˺öѪȾ㣬Ⱦɣ

515֮

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촽ѾûѪɫһҰײҰ׵ġ
з⣺˵õģ˵һңҺͽܶ
Ƹ࿡ܸϹʱ򣬾ͿζϢ΢ڴϣµȹʹѾѪȾ죬Ŷζֹڴߣۡ
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ζ̧һЦݣܶ￴
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ƣϲǸ𣿡ҾúƶǸСƨʵ̫ˣΪСƨ˵￴ҶеԴˡ
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ģ˭ߣҿ˵ţĴȴĺ顣
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ǰһֱԼԺƵĸҪһЩƶԼȻҲкøУȴģûԼ䲻ɡ
ڣڸоƶԼںˣ˵Ҳһһİ
ԺǵĸԽԽԽԽõģ
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ţȿǲɴƶҵ̬Ⱥ⣬װģ˵
ʵûмɴҲȫ˽⣬ֻҵģҲԸöԷ׬Լҵӡ
֮ô˵ΪľҪëȻһɡ
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ָ˳⻬ɴϻƾ̲ס͵̾Ϣһ
ĲϣǸŮ˾޷ֿ
⵽ƵϲſھʣⲼ϶ӣ
ɴǹƷѵõƥ͸ӺˡϰĿζңЦ÷֡
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קסҵ䣬ֹ˵µĻ
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ϵë촽΢ܡ
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࿡ҲʱĸƽܣλǸ￴Ĵޡ
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ǣûɱˣȴǰףжΪͨ籨Ŷŭˣ޲ȥ޳֮ͽ⣬ڣ㻹ΪԼ޹ģ

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ȥһȦֻ洫˼㴫ͨһﵹص
ȥһѾڵ²֪ˡ
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˵õأһҽȻŮ˶֣
ѦҽȻİڰ֣㲻˵ҪιȥһʱѾˡҪǲģٸιҩ
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룬ΪԷһǾιҩ
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ڹҩʱ࿡ܴ벻˳㣬ڸʲô
ͻȻεˣҸιˮܲѹֻ۱Ϲ
࿡߹ȥ̧ȳһţ㣬ǲҪ
Сӵֱ׼֪˭Լã˭Լá
ֶ࿡ܲûʧĵطĵ׵Ĳȴ᲻ıֳ
źζᲢģ࿡ʮַС
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࿡һı飬ݸãǲˣߣҸ㽲ȥ
ðð࿡ܿĵ֣£ͻȻ˯æͣסָڴϣѹ㣬˯С
ЦҲѧѹã
ʵϣĶôŲŶζûѡ
ȻԷװ˯ûйʣԼҲûҪ
Լʱ⴫
ƾĶſȴһˡ
ôԼˣæӭȥʵ
ǣ֣ǻģڴɨսأ
˵ţҳգգۡ
ƱˣǽԼȥװսƷأ
ˮ̾С꣬ٵĶȻҲǾѡġ
Ǵڶ໤Ĺٴһɲ͸˹ƷѡĶ
ȻǺٴԼĻѡ˴Ŀˡ
ڱƼԼҲջ
ʵϣлиĲ²⣬ֻǵҪĿҪȥﶼµпյʱҲ١
ˮջ
ȻҲΪ粢ûȾָսƷԵʡ
ǰѶĶˣұ߱߸̸
룺ɽڸؽѣ
ǡǲ˴ϡ˵ͻȻЦһȺǹƻģǾȻڽ͵͵һˮ·ᱻ֣½ΧˣǱʱܡֻϧ
ֻϧȻǰɳϸϸȫ͸ˣǰڴ
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521ʵǲʲô

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ٸɣһشƵᡣ
ƺܲ죺Ľٸ𣿡
Ϊһųٸ
˾ͽг𣬸Щ֪ûгΪβģȻʧЦʹ̰Ҳв硢Ϊٰ
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ĴϴƺҲ֪ҹʲô£۵µʮԣһҵˣҴҽ˿뿪˵ء
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˵ϸģֶǼҲĸ˵ŮƣǺµҹ֡
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һһܣпܣǵĳտ϶㡣
仰ûѹ˵϶ȻԺƵĳġ
䣬Ա㴫һЦôĿ
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ر侲ƽͣƺĸԷ̽⣬ߵĺȴ֪Ѿɱ⡣
еɷԽԽأͻɱеʱԷһͨϰա
ĺܺһһ᳹ʧңһֻ֪ɱ¾ħͷ
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û˵󻰣ǵͷɺãҵȻƽ·۽һ㣬ɻȴ͸һŨŨѪȡ
ʦɫúѿһƤϺڵüͷ´һۣʲô˼˵˴󻰣ĪҪԼͷ
ǿЦģҴӦ֮ǰæԲʦ˹֣˼Ѻȶˣλ֣
һ˵һ͵͵קһҵӣʾҪ˵
ԭѵһ˵ģϱãֻȽ˼պ˵
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ǣ˼ˣ˸ЦȻҷ֮ǰס˶Էļ
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аȥһ¡ף˵ˡ
һ߳Էһܵĳʦǵ¥ĲˣƾΪϾ¥ĳʦһѹɽ
ڽ϶ʮ죬ͬһڵִˡ
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ҽⱾøʱһԼڲμӵսĸо
ôŰɣǱӣʦ˽úͰѱд档
ǵ治ǸǵģƻǲԼ鱨ϵͳԲŻôĽϢռ
㲻˵Ҫ֪֪˰սʤ𣿡ͣƣû뵽㻹
ƣ
Լôһ˵
˵ǵӱ͡ʮơˡ
뵽һʵң𣿡
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ĸǺպ˾ͽ򣬼войأСֻԴӸĸ⣬ҲûлӴЩˡ
ûд׵֮ɫЩۣкտա
ƣտգѡӱ͡ʮơĬдҡ
տգˣ˼㣬д
ƣҪҪҰЩԵƤ㴩ԭʼҰװ磿
տգأ˼ҲҪƤȺˣҪζʲôҪҸʵõİɣ硶ܲþʮŴδϳ衷͡һʽ÷֮?
һߣտգʵǲʲô⣿

522²ţ

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õϢ֮󣬺ƺұǰȥӭӡ
ͬһڸһƾɵ̫࣬װ
ƵʱСѾرģߴߴ˵Լһ·ϵļš
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մʼ죬ڽٶΣͬһ˲δʶϵķ飬
ͬҡҡͷˣʱлȥ档Ҫǻȥﶼɣ
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šÿĳʦҪǰִȻݣȴﶼʵ󣬷ɲμӱͬ⽫մĴ˸ƽһ顣
ͷȻˣǾȥﶼЩ׼ɣ
ٽϵһС򣬲󣬵ʮ֣˴඼Ϊȥɿڳֻǰﶼ
ڶɿӴŴ粻ͬ˿أһǷﶼˣһǴұˡ
ﶼұ˴òϿ𲢲ΨһĲǷﶼ΢΢Ǵĺɫ
һӱ뵽ŷˣɿﶼǼȴֶԷҲǺڷɫ֮ұ˲޲졣
֮ǰҪȵǼݣǺƱ㴩װȵݸͬһһͬǴҵαװ˵ݣǴ
˲٣гʦȥμӳմģҲĽֵģв˴һľ׼ﶼ⡣
ЩȻѾǵһȥﶼˣĵĺǺܿҵʶ
ƶԷﶼܺ棬졣
ϰ壬һ׬˲ٰɣʲôƵֵһѰ˵еȸͷƫݣȧЩߣһӣʮɫ
ϰͷһЩĿ׳ʵеףȫˡ
ϰ˵ЦˡĳССᱻϰ㿴ǷϪ¥һյ͸һµˡϰ岻̲Ĵ̬ȵġ
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ﶼκܾһвϡҩġϲǾͶ䡣ǰĻɻһת¶պһ÷ﶼʱҪʲôǽ
Ʋûˣι˵ǲţʵ۶ôĵطƮƮľ˵Ҫǳ
ֻҪߣҾ½ɽΪƸ񣡡ҵͷ档
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ǲǴĿԼȽɽҪҪ
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һ㣬ɰȥǽǴƸȤİԾܿ
ƣﶼٺԸʽϺҲǵز֮һֻЩֳõ޼Զڰնԣиԣ˶߲ˣֻ˲ŻԺˮӺƸȤʳ֣ע
ƹȻʮָȤֻ۾ģ˼ĺʺܱ𣿡
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523䱦

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ҹЦܼ򵥣ȥһȦʲôϺսռ𣿡
У۾һ
ѽƤڣȫԴȥﳩΡ
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źˮͻȻôˣеԾԾԡ
ﲻСȵ˷ﶼԺһºҴ˵
Ƶͷгڴ
ԼʱңңԶһ졣
Ϊ쵽ﶼˣ˭֪˺ܾöûп
νɽˡ
ٽʱ򣬱ӭʻҴҵдһ֣ؾǷﶼĴֻˡ
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ŮװģݵʱЩţ¶ԷԼ⡣
ҺãЩﶼĹٱƺǰμӳմĳʦǸһһ˶Ժˣûаϼʡ
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ϹٹգգۣС˵㣬ǲԳǮҲǰһѰ

524´ɻ˹̧

Ϲٹ˵ǰҺͺһæֻġ
ȻΪǰļһ䱦۵Ρ
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Ȼ뿴ǾͰչɣɨҺͺһۣĺһÿһӶΣ˵ʱȻὫ۳
ǲأƺһ䡣
һͱϵ˵ı飬ƲƲ죺ǲҲˡ´ιʱ֡Ȼλǰ䱦βǼڲᣬѺȻˡ
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ͼϣеĿʽλҡԱߵɨҺͺƣⲹһ仰⣬вˮģѵġ
䱦ͼʮ־Ʒۼдһ۸۵д档
ۣעͬһαͬʱϣ۸ߵãʵǱ䱦м˼ƿͼϵļ۸˵¶һ˿΢Ц
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˵ţָͼ÷ҳ
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ƣǴδôһ´ǣѡһЩģôʵӵŮӡҪ֪Щ˹ÿðҪأ
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ţŶ룬һǸ˵λ͹ٲ˼ղֻҡ˿ˡλȤĻֻҪˡ
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̼һӯֶΡ
һǮ˶ӣԽԽԼ͡
ֻƴδǹԩͷ
ղǿҡҲָģպóѡһֻġ
ˣǻһɣҡͷ˵
ѡһƿһ󣬲ɫãмҲҶ״ʮ־
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Ǵɻ˹̧ۣ
һʱ֮䣬ҺͺƵɫĶǵơ

525¾

˿ˣ˭۹ôãʲôϲʲôۣǸƵʵ
ûʲô飬ԴҲңɵȴûɾһ·¶ȶ˼Ƶġ
ûзϣЦ˵λ͹ٵϲøλСӲ࣬˵ҲԵأ
ʱװ磬ԭ۵Сˣƺʮ궼
λܿЦ˵һλԵ֣ȻλŮŻЦǺռ˱ˡ
ǣ⻰ҶУͲôˡ
Ե֣ĸżĿˣǲǸȥݻһ£ҹ𴽣·Ȥӡ
ҡͷвУǵйأ۵˫ü棬պѰ𡣡
ĻǸ֪ǲ˿Σһֻ̧أɡ
ƵɫЩѿ䱦ϰʷãδпƭ˵·͹ǲţԳȥ
𼤶Ƕǵһ꣬Щ̫׹ѡЦЦ뾺ָۣΣУһ£Ȼλ˿ΣǲһͼǲӦýи
û뵽ƻһ⣬˰βŽŻش𣺡ȻλΣǻһʱͼġ뾺ۣԱԼӶӣǻѯλǷӼۣȻٽλ˵ļ۸ֱλһΪֹ
Ǽ˼۸ֻΣƼʵ
ҡҡͷһ˵Ļպ󽫲ٱ䱦Ӵ
Ȼ
ͷһҶεļ۸ǧӣ˵Ҫۣ
ϣӦߵſڸеһٶʮߺţҶΣߺżӼӣ
ףû뵽Ȼǹۡ
Ҳãö¥żеĿ˶֤Щ˿ˡ
ʱ洫¥ǸƵһٶʮߺţҶΣżӼӡ
ż䣿ǸղϹٹż
ԼλϹٹﰡ
˶Է⣬ĵЩŭ
δƽȻ˹ѱˣԼɬƫƫĳΣҪԷˣ
һǧӣѹסŭƵ˵
ſڵĵƱ㺰һٶʮߺţҶΣߺżӼһǧӡ
Ŷ滹û۵Ĺ򣬺촽΢Ҵ̸ܽ˼䡣
ţߺżȻٴμӼ۵һǧӡ
ǧӣƵٴμӼۡ
ԷȻļӣȻҲʾ
ֱżĿҲЩľ
ԭĵ׼ֻǧӣȻӼۼӵǧӣ൱Ǽһ롣
żϹٹȻҲЩԥ˺һӲűۡ
һٶʮߺţҶΣżӼǧһӡ
䣬ƴ¶һ˿ЦݣȻϹٹôϲξøɣһǡ
˵꣬һͼᣬָһʤҰȡ
û뵽ȫûκͷߺʧ䣬㶲ŷӦޣõģ͹Եȣ
ʱˣ͹ٲ˼ʤ
˿޷Ǿ۱ǣҼһӣ΢Ц˵
ֻúһʮĺţ»ʤߺżӼһӣ
Ȼûһ㴫Ӧһʮĺţ»ʤżӼӣ
ƽ͵˵
ƿƽӣЩûףñۻҪֻúһʮĺţ»ʤߺżӼӡ
żܿҲˣӼ۵˰˰
»ʤһǧӣӼ۰˰Ѿˡ
ϹٹȻƴ֡»ʤҾ͸ɣװ̾˿ͷһͼᣬ鷳ȡһٰʮһŵĽ
⣬ƻһ˵Ҳ˿ˣǽоۡ
һΣƴԷӼ۵ֱȨˡ
ξۣʧܡ
ʱżĿҲ̣ȻżĿ˺ߺżĿ˸ˡ
Ǻܺ˭յʤߡ
ֻ˵żĿǲߺżĿ˳ΣˣҲһѪ
Ҫ֪ߺżѡ⼸ȻŰ󣬵䱦ľƷ˵Ѿ˵ˡ
б˵ζżĿˣߺżĿ벻ֶ飬ֻȥЩ۰ġ
ôߺżĿ
żĿǲЩ棬׷ͣѡεĶȴһ־۵Ŀʼ
ȻߺżĿѡΣһⱻżĿˡ
ʱͼϵѾûеǧӵˡ
ڴҲߺż϶Ҫǧӵʱȴһĳֱ̬ӵһǧӵͷ档
֮󣬵ȴ˰Σż侹ȻûٴμӼۡ
ǵƽԼеͷȡ¶ЦݣѵðĪϹٹﲻϲ׵ͷ棿
⡭СĲ֪ε˵
ʵϣȷʵż˵ĴͣȻ͵͵ζżĿˣγ˾ۡ
Ҳûȷ涨ôǡǡ෴䱦Ǻܹ֮侺۵ģΪֻԳεܻӭ̶ȣһ׬ȡ
ƱΪߺżĿһγԿԶˣ˭֪Է֪˹ѣȴȻҵѡξۡ
һָоԷǹۣżĿ˸߼ЩΣĵԷԺѡԼΡ
ĻĻɾ̫ˣ

526Ʊ

ֵǧӵͷ棬ȴû̫⣬Ū±վˣװˡ
ѵһˣɣʱ͸ǡҿֹ
Ҳã
ôμʹ㣬Ҳġ
Ȼҿô˵ˣһҪʱͣɡ
֮󣬺һ߼װͼᣬһߴʵΪڲߣʲô𣿡
ϷҪһܿڳȥе硣ҴЦģȴָȻ
ǲչֳԼȻĶ̲ס˵
˺ܴ־ߴƿסͼᡣ
ϲ𣿡ָͼᡣ
ָ޳ָ΢΢ı룬״ܺÿ
ҪֿؿһΪ֮
ƵĿҵָϣͻȻҵֱЩˡ
аɣĲɵĴ
ƺͼϵľκܸȤùȥ˼ҳѡ˺üƿ
ͦõġɨһۼ۸񣬴һȣ۸ľˡ
һóȥԵұȥ˰ɣ
ҵƺѡĺ棬ѵ
뵽æ㲻ҪɣҿɲҪЩγȥλεĸ߱ԼǮű𣿡
ұ˵ЦˣǾ̫з磬ǿ԰Щ´򡣡
Σ˼ι͹ϡȫλʲôֵˡ
һתҪǰѷﶼĹջȥ
ôװ㻹쿪û취
ôˣһһʱɵĸƵġ
ҲΪںǰֵĺɣ˵ĺ
һô죬һ߷ͼᡣ
һҲźͼվҡ彫ƽн˵֣ˡ
ϣͷǳĹ̨ȥ
ճͿϹٹҲվڹ̨ߡ
ʱĸ߰ͬǣλϹٹӴ
ǮװãҪã
㣡ĸ⣬ǮȻ֪Ƕɵ𣿡

ĺĸĵͷһԡ
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⡭ϹٹЩɣСʵ㣬ٵĻܰҰƱһ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ܱ֤ٱ϶ᾡ׷鵽͵Ǯӵġ
ܲϹٹ͵͵һվڹ̨䱦ƹѹ㣬Ҹƹ˵һ£ƱһˣЩΡƱҲ͡ʱȲˣ
ڹεǮǼģһΪ˰ͽǰλͶԷϹϵΪ˹һЩΣȻ˴ұٸ߼Ҳ
ڣôһûˣ׷ȥüأ
֮ǲֻᱻ䱦Զ֮⣬Ҳ͵պҲû䱦εʸպȻᱻ嵱ӡ
뵽Ϲٹǵÿ޳ˣ̲סϣϡ
㣬ҰɣϹһĴµģϹ
ЩΪѣ䱦ӲˣȥѾǺܴˡǾֻ֮ϹٹպͲٽ䱦Ĵˡ
ǣⲻ𣿡Ϲˣץס֣㣬Ҳ֪ϹټҿǴұĻ̣ȱӣֻһѾ̫ණˣٶΣ˭֪Ʊȴ͵ˡһʱ֮䣬ҲûطȥӰ㣬ܸܲ˵˵һһεģ
⻰еΪˡ
ԭϹģʱ۸ͼϵ΢Żһɡ
ڳıʣȴȥԼ˵飬ƻ䱦Ĺء
Ӳֻ»ᱻ䱦ֱӻؾ۵㡣
˵ĶԻƶʱô¡
˵Ʊ϶ȥ͵ģ
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ֻһҡڵ˹ȥλҲɰ
Ϲ鲻ãץĸ첲ţƵĻֻǷ˸ۣûдǻ
òĳƺҵͷվһߣ̨˳
鷳ãҪˣƿվԭزϹһ˵
ϹǺˣöԷڹԼѿʲô˼𣿡
ţǮֻ࣬һͷġƴ֣Сеζȵˡ֪˶ΣɷС۽磿ƹװȫȻ֪ӣ˸Ҿһ˵ɡ
ϹȷԷڸԼѿһתʲô⻰ʲô˼ǲ֪ҵƱ˲Żô˵ģ
˻Ʊˣƹ죬㾺۵ЩλҪкüеأ
ϹػƱһϧĿ˵ѽЩôӣҿ𡣻Ϲٹˡ
˵ţ䱦ƹĵ˵ͷͼһ£ͷһӡ
ǧʮ䱦ƹĴ
ƵͷӻȡƱ͵˹ȥþǧӡľ͵ǵǮˣ
ٶӣȻ˵;ʹͳȥˣ
ٶôǵεᰡ
ҺͺߵĵʱҲˣԼ֮ǰĵȷʵǿˡ
˼λүǴ˰

527¹ʦ״

Ļһһֱޱ䱦ƹɫһЩ
Ըƽװͷ̴ľùƹԴ򿪺иúƼ飬ȷû֮Ÿϸ˫ֵ˹ȥ
ƽӹ֮˵λίˡ֧͸λССλ£
˵ţȡһСٴεݹȥ
˹̬ȻΪƵĴͣҲΪ֮ǰ͵͵ױţżǸ˼
ֻװŽεСӣûнӡ
ͲˣϣպԲôòȡˡҪ֪˶ϲӶϣƵ˵
ƺл
Ϲˬˣι⻰ʲô˼
ףϹٹΪôӦĪϲӴϣȫǮƾü´һۣȻˣؼӶϹٹһСһˡСͲͬˣǧӶѾ۵Ĳأ
˵ۣ۾գٶӴͣɼ⻰ڷ
Ҫ֪Ϲ䱦üˣȴӲ͹ƹ͵ƣÿζͷʡ˲ӡ
⻰ڴϹϹԼʹ
㣡㣡Ϲ˵
ȻѾ̴ľиǶȥ
뿪䱦󣬺ƾ̲סЦ
㿴ǸϹûУٶŤˣϹźÿˣƾر
ҵͷôŮʲôÿģ
Ϲòãƺһۣ
ҲôĴûע⡣
ƽĶۣϹòȽġֻǣŮ˲ҿﻹʮֿĵġ
Ǻת˻⣺˵ǸϹô죿ǽǮǶΣǲǮ䱦ܾû
һĹĺøС˼һ´
ƺܲ죺ʲô˼˵ϹԲǮҲñ䱦нʲôˣô󣡡
ﶼĹҵ
ƶˣﶼܶžһңвӦ̺ܴôҿǸɾʹѾߺĸ
ﶼĹȷʵͦࡣλɵȷȽ⣬ΪǷﶼʦ״ӡ˵ͻȻѹڷﶼڣ˵ɵ˲ࡣң˵ﶼʦԲ㼪ס
ô棿ͻ룬˵ʦ㵽Ҫ𣿡
ҡһͷȻҲ̫аգ㵽һУΪλССķﶼ
ֲʲôơо仰˵˲㼺λʦռԼδƲ²⡣
ҺЦĿƣҷ֪ͦడ
ǣô˵ҲкüŮƺܵĴ
ǇNɪСģɹЦҡ
뿪䱦ֹһε꣬ȥ˷ﶼľ¥
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ÿ¥ԺΪʳĵƲˡ
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ƺ֪˻᲻ȥʵζѾоϾƣĳҩġ
ӡз򺡢ʽϺƺʹĵһ
һӻȥǧӣҵ˻ǮĿУԽݺݰһμҡ
ΪﶼôõĺʣӦóԳ˺ܶ໨Ƕ֮Ϊʧ
ϲֱˮ󣬾û𿾣ķʽ
ҿضûУԭ֭ԭζ
ÿ̲˳һڣٶӡ
ֻԺĲ˸ȤʱԶֻΪ
ǣһӲ˻ʣˡ
ƺ̧Ⱦߣڽ˵ʱ̲סСʣ˴ߡ
ֽڼϰģԸı䡣
аǲûסջһԺ䡣
ԺгϺƵ⡣
Щ´һ£أеĺװ̶˳ʱζѾԭ֮
ͽĳպãΪʦȥľ¥ԷǲļֱܵˣѦҽ챻ˣٳԱĳʦĲ˶һë
֥Ҳͷӣ̫óˣα϶õһ
ǻ˵ѦҽԼͽžԵġ
ˣȻĸ͵ԣóˣ
óԣаʮԵͣͷ̧
ԴҵЦĴǼԣҵ˵һͷһʴͣ
ôһ˵˴ĸ𾢶ˣʾ֭п佱յĴﶼ˳
Ʋûбҿͷʵܶຣûм֪ʳá
Ϊ˱֤մʱ򲻳ӣ˺ܶԼûˮռ׼Ͻо
ƣҪȥ¡ϾڿռﲻҪˣ˾ڿռϢһ֮ǰϻġҶؽռ䱣֤Լİȫ֮󣬾ʹа뿪ˡ
Ұ£ƴӲʣΪ֪кܶԼ֪ԽԽãһбĵ˽ӽԼԼĻҲõ̫õ
һӴԼĵĳգƱר棬һӱæµ˰ҹ
տԼѾˣ֣ͣһе㷢ĸ첲ȡ
̽һ¿ռ棬ҾȻûлЩġ
ƣտգϢһ£һǵýң
տգõģ˯ɣ
֪˯˶ãƱտսѣ֪ѾȻ֮˿ռ䡣
һ㱻Ӳӵλλۡ
ۣ㡢ǰε궼𣿡̲ס

528 ʧ

528ʧ
ǰε궼
仰ƱڿЦ˭֪ҾȻĵ˵ͷ
ѽϴε꣬䱦֮һ˵ţӶڴϵ﷭ҳʽ⼸ǲϲģ
ǼǺưϹ񾺼۵ΣΪҶεҲС
ȻļǺƹԻϹ񣬿ӶԷ̧ģҶĺϲ
ҵ찡Ǹһ죬Ͱô£׼ѷﶼ𣿡һ߾һֽĽǶȫսռ
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ҺЦͬħһ㣬һɶѵαʧ
ﶼңҳҲǻˮѡ
Ʋˣﶼ𣿿ôоΰܺð
ѡﶼҪǾ̣ΰã˭ⰡҶ˶٣бҪú˽һﶼƣ㽫ڻ
ﶼĻʵΪ£ʮ꣬ȴѾӺŮ
Բզࣺ̫ܲ˰ɣʵһ굽ͷûŰ
ٺǺûаȫУҪ෱ֳһЩ¾֡˵ЦղǿЦģʵϣӺŮģģ
ƺܾȣԼΪҪ˵ĺӣ
ЩӶǹŹ£ֱڻʺͼ¡õ˺ܸߵͣˣӷֱ࿡ʡ࿡塢࿡࿡ǡ࿡š࿡ѾʮˣС࿡ꡣҴ½һλӺǵĸ
λӳ࿡ڻʺ£λǹ
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峣ɿʡ塢񡱣Ϊʡ塢ǡΪʡ塢ǡšơ峣
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Ůǿ϶ͻὫĿȱˡ
£⿴־ͺҰأͻȻһʵڴǷﶼүɣλΣ
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ȻôΪλ˴ɱأͻȻ뵽һ⡣
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ҵ찡ʧӰ
ӣ˵ٵʧƽ𣡡
Щ겻иôζס
ˣҸղȥƷǱǸ˵Էҩпȫιȥˣ˳ɶ֪

ߵƾ̲סһۡ
ôǲǺܳӢ䣿ҴܣȴװΧ۰һıš
ǳ鴤Ӣʦҩɣ
ųҽΪëǲʦȥβˣ¶Ƚ̫ˣ
ҲҪҩ˭ҺܳƨĴĴһۣûˣٱֶˡ
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˵Ĳ㣬Ȼ棬Ǳ뺣ｫЩ㶼սƵĿռ
µӣƶһǹԼ֡
һ˲Ů˹֡
ǰǸλ棬е̳ϢˡϹĴ洦ıһȺˣͷֻȴԼŹ
ҲˣҲţȥһȦѰһЩַռֳ
ǣ˴ӿֵȺм·ͷȥ
˭֪ﶼ鱦ʧԺͷȻҲˡ
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̲סЦˡ
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һסƵļҵͷЦа취
ôһܽк·
˵ˣѵﶼҪ
ҵﶼһһʮӵļ۸˶Է洬ųҪһĸо
Ϊˣλ񻹺ĽԼĲ㹤Ҳ
Ϊ˲¶ռ䣬Ҳûдͺ˵
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ʵҲǵһλ֮ǰĸλѧҪ죬ԻҲģġ
洬Զ۲һܣͣ˵뵺̫Զ밵СǾʹºɣ
ãӦһϷŵê뺣С
ʮֽɰʮêȻʵ˸о̫Υˡ

529³κ

⸱ʿӣҲΣƣԺܲ
´һֻᣡⲻ㻮̫ͷǰסҵ֣ߣ㳩κȥ
һ֣ʹƤӾܣںһ͸ݣһͬװ˽ȥ
⻹ҵһμˮʹװˣɸоʮ档
ϴװ࿡𣿡ָͷСĴһ£ݽ᲻ʵᱻưɣ
ĶԱЩΣָӴĲһճĤסָ
ճĤܱоҾԼȥǸָ·ܸо溣ˮ¶Ⱥ
ƣԣ˵䣬Ѿֻ첲˳ȥزźˮͼȥץι㡣
֮ǰһݾ࿡ܣȴ֪ݻֹܡ
ŽְţȴԼ׾ٵľͽݳŵıΣֱ¶棬⶯
û뵽ݻܣ˷ܼˣĲֺ
ʱտյԺˣṩĹߣǵĶϸ³ǵжŪʪ·ҲԽһΪҷֱݰסȻںӾ
ƺɻ󣺿տգΪʲôпܳˮ°Ӧϸⲻѧ
տճĬ˺һĴˣԽλˣȻ̸ѧ
ðɣԼȷʵеˣ
ƺεӣʣҪЩ㰡ʲôռô죿Ҳ
տջشĺܿ죺ȻˣҪֽӴ˲ſսռѽҪֳˮҪһЩˮռſأطѾ׼
ռտʮֻ
úƷԸѾȫ׼ã͵ȴӭӴĺˮˡ
еһЩ㹥ô죿
տգˣȽԼﰡǾ԰ȫģйԵĺɫʳ㡢޳衢ȵҲ޷ҧѡҪսռֻ֮Ҫһָ¶ȥͿ
ԭ԰
֪ԼҪֽӴͺˮսռ䣬ȥ
֪³˶ãֻùԽԽ
տ䵽ˮټǻ뿪ľ벢ԶӦûڽ
ִﺣʱ³Ķ΢΢һ٣Һͺƶ˽̤ʵصĸо
Ǻף̫ˣͬһĺӻܣȵпû뵽ôƯƣ㿴Щ㣬Ư
ǰȥͺ԰棬ҲǼʶʽĺ㣬º飬⻹ͷһ⡣
ۣ̫Ưˣ̾ţͼָȥ׵ɺȴһֻιҧ
ԼƴСģŻƺɫƣ۾ִԲ͹һ¶ϸܡݡ
Ķܿ죬һ˹գۼ͵˺Ƶָǰ
СģۼĿɿץסƵĸ첲ק˻
ǻƺɫƵҧ֮󣬼ײһΣˮﶼһ졣
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ᡣƱ㽫տողŵĻתһ飬ָԼҪָ¶ܽӴĶռ䡣
е㲻ģƣҪȻ˰ɣȻǻصϣһЩսռ䡣
ûϵһСĵģ˵ڰҡͷܾˡ
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Ȼעһ㣬ֻ¶һССָӦòµġ
ÿտսһΪֱҰ˵Ͼͺһ͸ıĤˮͷһԲεݣ֤Ǻ˳
ҸݽסƵ֣Щģƣȡҡ
ˮ֮ǰƽλǵȫս˿ռΪľһˮһҲԱһ¡
ƺһ棬ǣں
Ȼݻͣںκһλãڸ£·оƮƮģ·һº˾ͻƮһ㡣
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״ԼӴȣЩСͬˮһͬռտ׼õĺӵ֮С
ղϮƵƺɫƵСһֱǻںΧƺҪŻɺôһˮܿƵ溣ˮһռ
һµĵطƺɫƵС㾪ĪĴҴܣҪѰҳڻصϤĴ󺣡
ϧεľƣҲ޷ˡ
ռĺӵ֮󣬺֣ͣʼѹκ׵ɺǵȵȡ
ιȺҲսȥһ롣
֮һ룬ҪҲΪ˲̬ƽƻ̫ء
һյ̫ˣѣɾλˡ
һһֺ߽ﲶ׽ռ䣬֪һɽǰ
ں׿ɽ壬ǴӺϿǽʯˡ
´ţۣ̾ôߵɽдֻҪû˰ɣ
䣬ɫŹֵָǰƣг

530³Ѱ

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ʮ˷ܣѿڶ᲻бذ
ƱȷʵСҴ
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촽΢ֹһͬˮƹ׵ɽҳ
ƹɽǲŷԭֹһɽ಻ɽ
ں׿ɽζźϴա
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Щɽ֮䲻ֹһҳܶ඼Ѿֻʣкԭ״
Ⱥڳк䴩ţɫһֹС
ȥҴϿɣָſɽ֮һҳ
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ҪţҼ״ԼȽȥɨһȦʬ壬㲻úƽȥԼƱǡ
˭֪ȴҡҡͷһǸһȥɣԼ溦¡
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ðɣԺȱ۾ҵָߡ۾̾ס֡
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ҺҺͺƶҹӣԽڵһ
۾ұһգұһºƵ֣
ۣڻһҵĺϡ
ںףˮи㱳ҲоԽֱӱڱϣȥ
պܴ˺ܶС䣬ƵҺͺƳִ
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ֱ߽ߵĵһӣгĺݣˮ΢΢ڶľľ泤̦޺֮⣬һЩƬԼˮ
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ﶼʹұ̣ͨһǿʹôұĴǮׯͨƱ
֮ǰͷ棬õıƱˣʱпﶼܿ̾ȻմұƱ
ڣƱмƲ۵Ҫ̲סԹﶼ
Ҳǰ׵õģۣȥĸ俴ݸ
͵ļٶѰҵһЩ鱦ɵȴŷš
֣ΪʲôǴϵģѵʱûߣҶǽյķԥһ£û𿪷ţ˵䡣
ȻпܻʬţӰ顣
ıҲܲǵġ
ѰһȦȻҵ˲ٵʱϵߵĽ鱦аװõ
ҲźĵطǱƱԼֻ鱾ֽʵĶȫٻˡ
˵вٴʦ֮˹±ϧʧˣϧ
ǰܶྪ֮ûԽЩԵմĹ⣬⺣׵Ķ䣬Ҳڻˣ
ۣѳѰ˵˹ûʣƱһЦռ񵽵һսռ䣬Ҳ֪⴬жˣûб
ﶼԶǻӾĻŴҲƯϡҿ˵ţȴ뵽˸ղŴϵĵ䡣
ΪʲôȴҪصѰ·أ
ˮһһգӦǶô
벻ͨԽǸﵽʲô
ƣһ£ƴ⣬Ǻ£Ƚռҡ
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ٻشһ¡ҳЦЦԣȽռһЩ
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վԭĬĬʮȻִӿռˡ
ôȥƺѯʡ
ҹЦúΣȷĸȥԺұȥƣжŵ㣡
ôһ˵ƾͶˣɫʱɷס
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Ȼݰţһ뵽ԼʬһںˮǾúܷθ
ʱ˵þô֡
ʵϴô治֪жʬǣ㿴ʱ;úˮܸɾ˾ͽܣ޲ϴ˱衢һƤ
ʱƾôܡ
ǣҰ˰ֱһͷؿռ䣬ѵ·ʼϴ衣
ʧԭأȷԼ봬պ˫ֻˮȥ
ܸŴˣڹŰһĲ˷ĩƯɢˮС
һƿš
ӭ棬һӰֱֱ˹ʶĳԱ߶㿪Ȼһ
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ĪǸ֪޷ԲŸԸڷһ

531º

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ҳһ£ղԼ龰˵һ飬ȻȡԼҵĶݹȥ
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Ҳ÷򴽣ȥǱ߿һ㻹ڿռңжҾͰ
ˮиһҲܷ
ĳȸղŵԲƺܶ࣬ͺݸǣȥɭɭģһ
⿴Ʊ⣬ͷãҾͲȥˣǧҪСģ
ţռɣҺЦźʧԭأתȥ
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ǣȻѰһҴұĹٴװһĽ鱦ֱĿӲӵĻ۾
ȷûк֮ȥƣƣƿ
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㲻㸻ɵйˣһӼô౦ƾԼˡ
ЦŹһСӣЩﹻҲһľã
ƾ㵵ĵԲۣôǮ
Ҫ׬Ǯܹѽ
УУ
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ҵ֮ǰµê˳ȥ

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ҽֻ߹黹񣬹Ϊʸ㣬ܴ󷽵ĽװľͰ͸ǣֱ⴬
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Һ޹Ҳǵһγ֪飿
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ðɣҼʶˣҲװˣЦԣֻǾӦö༸ƷֵȽɿȫһ֣Ϊϲûѡ˵϶ɣԲԣ
ȻƱɹİοˣ˸ղŵ£ĵ˵֪٣ʼʵܣ׶״ζӪḻرóԣˣѬ㣬ԱܾáһüأȻȥѽ
һᵽˣüɫ裬ر
ұ㺬ЦͷʱʱӦһ䣬ͣߴߴ˵ţоԼر
صסԺӣ˸սţһӰӭ˹
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һҽУǸӰڿлһߣȻڿʱһӷƽء
ӣòѵϲ𣿡аһԹ
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аţ
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ۣаŲѪ
ιһưôװĸûһ
Ƶĸ翹ӣұˣֻ಻
ŶǽͱˣҵĻﴫ
аɱ𰡣һĸҪˣ¶ʱҩˬ

532½ĩ

аźа߳ɹִҵ˻ϣⲻá
Ϊףһˡ
ȻԺΪ˺ֿ֭ζΪڰӡ
˺ͷ˿ȵȡ
֮⣬ڶĵһʱ˴ҵע⡣
ͽܣǲ¹ˣôžͶˣѦҽۼ⣬һ̲̫һ⡣
˵Ŀʱȥ
İ֥ÿӼһƬţȷʵ⡣ӣǲˣҰ˻ȥ
áЦôԵġ
ôԣ֥ͻȻ뵽ôɴŵʵ㲻˵Ҫų԰ɣ
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ӿռȡġ
νһԣָгɱƬպԣƤը裬ǰΪ
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û˿϶ӣҵɫһɨôŲƵĳգٷǾͶˣ
ղڳƬĵһʱƷʱǺԥȥ
ʲô̬ȣ
һ͸ǳԶҩƵģ

Һܲˬ˸ԺĲˣ
ŵùҵĳգҼȻ˵Ҫųԣǿ϶ųԵԭ򣡡վ˵ÿȼ˺üƬƬԱʾԼľġ
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ʱӸռѵĽЩʽĿޣңóԣ
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ͷ˰죺ǡǸܺóԣ
ˣΪûղûֱˡֱ˷ѣư˰ָ֣ԼõպϣҪպԲζ
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Ȼѵ̫ˡ
ϼ޻ѦҽᵽպﲻͬѰζֻպһ֮⣬˶ǰƬպ˺ɫаʮǸƬճײɫĩ

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ΨѦҽϾѧźƵģһ̾ζǾˣ̫ˬˣ
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СѾͷûͽ˵ҪպһƷζԼļֵ˭仰ѦҽȰһȥˡ
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˵ֹԴǵ˵ǮҪԶֲпУһӾ֪˻ʲô˼

533³

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ܳаôҲﶼˣͬ⾪֣ûвʸ񰡣֮ǰվҲûм
Ķ㣬㵱ȻֲˡЦЦһɲΪģ֡
»аڵʦʱ鵽ġ
Ҳû뵽ܳаҪμӳմľĻô󣬾ȻϧԽȥ˵֡
ǵͨ࣬Ҳûʲô棬ܳаĵĻֻѾѧˡ
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ǿˮ㣬õǰ㣬ڸЩ
ΪϺʡ

ܿ죬Ʊ㽫ŵϤˡ
⵽ױĲƷ¶ûгԣϺһһĲˣԷǶ˳
ǲĲƷ̫࣬¶ӳŵЩԲ˰ɣĴš
Ʒ֮󣬰סĵľȣɫѯʵЩˣ˭ģ
£ǲԼĥġƺǫĳϵ
㣿üĿͬСѾϴ˸תûκ飬صϣԼģ£մҲûҪȥˣգ޸һֺη

543µ

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£򲻿ɣⲻϹذʶѿڶ
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˵ֱ꣬ӵĸ˵ֱ֣硢šľġ
˸һˣܲ˵ƣȣͨ˵Ŀˣ޾ֱյΪմĵһΣɸӦս
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£΢ΪȻӦսǱӦɡŴʱٴνԡ
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С˼᲻֪
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ڣȴýֱִСֱ̼ǰϡ̫Լˣ
²ǽѵӵʱֻý˼£պźú㣡
аŭ±ȴɫ΢΢ף׼ˣ
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Ƭ̣˵ɽǰطɣһˮʡң£бϸ겻顣
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ȣּӹȥȫǣȡгƬζϽá
Σ⡢㹽˿жΡ
Ȼ󣬽ЩԳζƬڣڡ
󣬽ζĲ˵ƴڳװ̣Ȼ󽫵õļ֭ζֱ֭ϼɡ
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Ʒ࣬ͿԴˡ
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үȵңʱүпգ¸ӱǡƺЦ粻ɫĽһ
ҿ϶ѾϳԼԲԼȥ̽
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ľֻԼ˵ĻʵЩ졣
Ʋ²⣬ľӦǳ˾¥ﴫͳ뿴Լܲʲô⡣
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зˢϴɾг룬ٽϺڿˮɫ̳Ϻߡ
ʳĴ֮һȥƤϴгָϴȥۺըըɽɫ̳
׼һЩ⣬ĵСΡ
ʳĶ׼ú󣬱ͣʽʼ
ܿ죬ӵζƮɢ̲סˮԾ
ʲôζ㣡鲻Խʵ
ҴûŹôĲˣˮҪˡ
ĪʲôƵĵϣ
ֱ̫ˣȽɢһҪȥǸʦԸԸ⽫Щϳ۸ң

ζ̼˵ĸй٣Ѿ̲סŸδӺﹺֵˡ
̨ϣľҲڱص߶Ĺϣ΢ɲĶ˶
ò˵ϺзδѾ˵ע⣬ɹ˵ʳ
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Ϻзǣֱȫо׽ȽʽٽʣӲ³
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͵һӣߺһʹ죡
ĺľⰡЦŴȤ
ľ࣬ȴŹ⣺£ϺзԭǺ֮ȴڻ˸зȣ֮Ч
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544¹Һ£

ﶼǵҹܺ紵ʪ
ԭڵĺʹƫƫϺзԺ͵·ﶼŮӴ๬ʼ͡
Ϊ˽һ⣬ﶼʵ뷽跨ÿӴұ߼ܶʳðǶ߲ˣٳԺʣȴûдӸϽ⡣
Ҳ齫ҩķУҩðճá
ǿɬζȫĺʱζ޷ʣֻϡ
֮£ﶼʵֻö֪˷ȻŮӳ֮ǰͳһ̫ҽԺҩ塣
ҲҺ÷ﶼ˿ڲ࣬ҪȻǸŮﶼæ
һֱֻʵۡүȨԼ̫ҽ֪Ҳпڷȥȴ˸ҹ򣬱ǿͷĴ
ʱľƷϺзԼʱ뵽⣬¡
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ɫֿòζǷﶼİǴ棿
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ƵһЦл³ޣ
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µӡУұʮαЩνĶˣԱ˿佱ʱ򣬼ٵ⣬϶ǫ鼸䡣
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գһ۾ʶԷ˵Լǫ飬ٰɣ
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ۿľأŶϻˣۡ
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ȽƬ˿˿ܾݴжΣƤ6顣
ٰƬ͡˿Ͱȡ
עˮУϡƤӸǣ2ӣȻƬܾݴ2ӣεζɡ
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ӣʲô֣һ
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ãüЦĿ޵ŶӰҲ˵ܴĽ˺ܺóԣ
λͬ´ζһЩ˵˽װ˵ϣһ£ЩҪûĻҾȥˡ
û⣡ͷˣЦų˵ͷ
ѽû뵽Լ⾹Ȼﶼˣպϣ̿λ氡
һ뵽ԸصӻȫװԼĿڴƵðݡ
ǣ鲻Խһһߺ
űΪԼһصĲӦסȣ˭֪ԷȻɵĿʼˡ
ĪȽܺ
Ʒʳô꣬ΪδδǵǿȽģ
òŪԼɣ
ΪǷȽһʱ֮޷֤
ţűյλҽߡ
ҽЦĳ廪ҽ֡
ҽ䵭Ŀһۣǣ
ȻʶԼˡ
˵ҽһ˲ٴɫ˴򽻵ԶԼûӡƺҲ˵ùȥ
Ұο֮󣬽Сҽܣҽ½ţǴ˴γմ󡣡
ŶҽޱĿ
컹ôģ
ˣ
žԼˣҧ˵ҽжƷȽĹЧҲ֪ղµһȽֲ֪֤Ƚ𡭡
˵ݶöԷӦԼ˼ˡ
˭֪ҽ˸ۣ³ĸ֣Һ£

545֤ݣ

űҭ˸û뵽ҽһ涼Լ
һһģŬ˰죬ŽĻѹȥ
ҽϾǷﶼҲǳմ췽֪ƷĹЧ޷֤Ƕ棿˰죬˸ɣȰԷԴΪء
ֻϧҽˡ
˼ҲǷﶼˡҽĮ㶪ˣҲͷϡ
˵̧žˣٸ˵Ļᡣ
㣡㡭ֱ£ɣǲ˼ңֻԼһ
⻹Ҫġ
ҽˣֻܰԬ̫ҽϡ
ҺԬ̫ҽûҽһĲѱ˷ڽͷӦˡ
ʱƬˡ
ԶָԬ̫ҽʢһ룬Ȼ۰Ͱ͵ĳŶԷ
ȵû˵ƬɫףƬۻһ̲סҪһ
ڣΨһܼϣıƬûȽĹЧ
֤ûзԼҪ󣬲أ
˭֪Ԭ̫ҽƬƤ˿ܾݴһһϸƷ֮󣬾Ȼһϲ˵˹ȻȽ֮Ч
ʱˣԬ̫ҽƷϸˣ
Ȼǰ׹ƶɵģԺζʣ鳦θȣ򣬽ʣθȹЧٿܾݴɢܴٽθ䶯пθƢá㣬ůнƢθȿθȻȽĹЧԬ̫ҽҡͷԵ˵ţͻȻּһƤ¶ɻ󣬡ֻϷȻ֪Ǻ
΢ЦŽܵƤѼƶɣȥȣѾƣȥ󳦻𡣡
ŶҲȥȺʹ󳦻գԬ̫ҽ˵ţƤоܾζʮأʻˬڣȴֻζ
ԵĻﻹмƤĲףԺдЦ˵
Ԭ̫ҽϲǾͶлˣ
˵ڣԱ߽ס
˵
һһģûǰɣ
Ԭ̫ҽ㵽ıߵģ㲻
Ҫҧˣļһ仰û뵽㻹ҩ
ԶһЩʱ֪ǫˡ

Ҳǫ顣
Ϊѧҽʱж̣ȷʵ̸Ͼͨ
ԶǴʵ
ɽȴô롣
Сӣ
˵㻹ˣ
̲סŶ֪ѧҽ꣬ʦӺ˰
ȼ֪ҩҲ˵ʱż漰ôݸʦأϾȵҵǳʦ
仰ⱧŶĶĶԷ
˭֪һνſŪɳ׾ˣ
ʺƸ˭ѧĳգᱻס
˭ѧҽ̫ûشˣ
ƲѦҽеĽݲ̸ϴǶǰ̫ҽðɣ
Ǻƹֵ˵ʵںգѧҽʱ̣ܶһꡣʦ
һ£ʦǴұˣ˵λҲδʶǲΪá
𰡣̬ⷬýŸΪνѧҽ¶ȻǺ߳ģôʦ䶼أ
ǽͱ˵׷ʣμӳմԴϱ˵þʶʦġʦǺηˣ˵ҲǴҼʶʶ
ľ̲ס΢΢üͷ̧˽һۡ
ƺʲô¶һϷ̬
ƺܲ˼ЦЦʦոиƺ͡
ƺͣüͷһЩ졣
ľʵ̫ҽԺԺƺͣ
ʦѾ̫ҽˡҳʥʦ˥׼˼һعϡЦŴ
ԭǸƺͣ
һΣºľ¶ɫϸĴ
ΪѧҽҲֻǸǸĳŴѧѧѣȴ˼ҾȻǰ̫ҽԺԺĸͽ
ʲô֮ôߵĸƺ͵ۣ
ϴݱƺ󣬷ﶼȨ͹ԱǾԾԬ̫ҽԵΪ
㡢㵱ǸϴͽܣߵƸǰۿ죬Щϴɺã
ʦһжáǡƲǰԬ̫ҽΪһԼʦ־ͼĶˡ
ĪλԬ̫ҽʦн飿
Ԭ̫ҽʶԼЩʧ̬ˣæȶһԬԬͬȥұʱҵùʦָ㡣ʦҷһǼҵĴˣ
ԭˣƻȻ
Ԭ̫ҽ˵ʲôȴŴˣ˵ʦǸƺͣʲô֤ݣ
ƺҽȺʢһұﶼҽʣﶼԱ˼ӡ
ԺһϴţЩﶼȨ͹Աǿʱһˡ
ǣȴѹţ
ò˵һ˶һ˲ɵʱǸ˵ÿһ仰ÿһǲŵģ
͵ΪĸԷӡֻҪû֤һֱͣĻȥ
֪ڽʲô֤ݣƺεķʵ
Ц֤ݣʲôȻŸϴѧҽҩǷͬʦֵܸ֤ȻϴΪһʦͽܣ
˵ʦΪͽʱͬʦֶڳҲδʦּ档ƿЦʦûԼɶﰡǵλţǰԼһƵʦҲûϵ
ŸȷԼĻˣҾ˵϶ѣȻòûκ֤ðԼǸƺϴͽܣ
ˣʦΪͽǿҩ츳ңҵҩĻǲġε̯֣ʵʦҩҲһЩûʦͬ⣬ҵд̫ðɣ

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ʵƵûҩϴ˵˼
дǲף϶˵ĵд֪
ҩȴԼģʦϴġ
ԹĬдڲʦ
ƵΪڽУ޷Բѡ
ŵЦǼ׼˵ԷĻȴһ
ˣ֪ǷѧҽǷʦӸϴ򣬸յĳմʲôϵһãȻʵ
죬ͻȻԼԶԡ
ûĺ˽һֱۣİȻƬҪɫζȫȻӦأ䣬˰ɣ
ֱӺԽŵˡ
Ŷʱ©˶ˣ֪Լ׵Ĳ´ˣ
ٳ֮˹߻侮ʯȴٻѩ̿
ʱ²˵ʲôֻҪֺﰵʰ
³ѾԤˡ
ڣѾͨˣֻʣһˡ
ֺǺǵĿź˵Ҿýû׼ĻΪմгֱӶڵĵһˡҲ㡣ɣΪǰףڣһӦĲ˰ɣ
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ʵ࣬ըա
ը֭˫ζƵġ
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ǣȴҪӦ
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ıЦˣҲŲֻ㡣Ͻѹ׵ıóɣ
ʵ߿ʱѾҪʲôˡ
һʮӦиԧ㡣
ȻԼ˳մĵһǱ˽ƣ
պ¥Ȼ񣬲Դ
ⲻ͵߳һ֮·
ԧ֣̲ס̧ҵķһۣЦ
Ҫԧ죬Ҳ˸ߵ
ǺƾеԧȥΪ㡣
Щ鷳ⶼ¡
Ƚȥͷβã⡣
Ȼһջըɺ㣬УһƳף뵰Ϲߣɺֱ𽽺֭ɡ
Ҫ˵һ£ԭ˵ҪϷõģλûףֻõ͡
νĺ֭Ǵ֭ζ׵Ǵн֭ȥʡ
ʱԽǴ֭ɺΪǰͷβȻһһ㡣߰ɫӵߣмٵ׺ɫĻƹ϶Σˬڣʶ塣
ƽ֭ȥʱıһá
㵰ԢϢഫһ㣡Ȼʮϲˣ֮ʡ
ⷬմá
ϢഫڷﶼɲϣǶӶ˶
Գ֮󣬴ǺЦƣȣչȻͬ죡ҪǣЩ޴ǰδԹڰʿԴϿ涼ʲôǲд˸ֲװ
鼫õ¾ȻѵõĿЦ
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ңմҪ˭֪һξȻһֱӽˡ
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˵ıǷﶼĵ¶ĳΪ˶עѹĳʦϣ˭ϵһС﹤Ӯ˹ھأ
࣬Ҳ⡣
ĳЩרȻʤˣһα㷢˴ƣ
ҽʮƱϽʱ۾ֱˡ
ôôǮȥˣһӦˡ
ҿЦãĶôطҴ٣ϴϴ鱦꣬ﶼСﵽڻѲߵĹٱأ
㻹˼˵Ϊ˭źһƱ˻Σ˵ЩĶģǲ͵µĹⰡôһȥ
㶼ʲôأô͵𣿡ͷ㻹ǵ֮ǰһƱҵ𣿡
ƵͷȻǵãѵһƱǮʲôһ⣿
ƣḻҲȦˣ̹ףʵһƱȥĳѺעˣ֮ǰĳׯһγմĵһ˭ҺԥȫѺ㣡
ɣĳעôϸ£Ҳдˣŵʵ
ҹЦԭûеġѺעʱһֻ֣ĳϰּˡʱΪӲãҪӰɣ
Ȼʵȴݺݴ˶ĳϰ
һȶʮʣöĳϰ峦Ӷˡ

547ߵѦҽ

һӱɶʮ۷Ź⣬ѽôٶѺ㰡Ѻʮӣ׬ˣ
СԵЦ
ƣǿװǾ׬ӣĳ𣿡Цŷʡ
ͷӦûɣﶼǺǮѵ䲻𣿡
ӺƵģεҡҡͷǱϾֻǸСĳĳϰ嶼ûӵۣʲôң
Щĳǵ·ǹʵģҪ׳죬˼ҰѶĳһأʰ·
ѺעʱͿǵһ㣬ӮĽպöĳۣȴֲ˲
ôһͣҲԭίɸп㿼ǵ̫ܵˣû뵽ˮôҾ벻Щơһǽ鲻㰡
ǰûдôн飿ҺЦ˵
ƲҲûдΪξôḻ
ô֪ûҷʡ
ƾ죺㵽ƽʱҲꡣѵ֮ǰڽϴ
˭涨ҵ˰ƽԺͲܴˣҿǿɰģ̲סͷһǷཱུ촽
ƻûƹƽôƫƧ뽭ԶɣҲ˵ԶŰ
ȻʧЦ˭㽭Զģ˵˵Ķ
ԭѿڶ
ԭɻ󣬡ôδ
ˡ
ǰ˽ӹʦж̫ʶýԭ
λ棬ûԭ
תתƻ⣺Ǻǣʦ죬춼ȥʲô׬ôӣҪҪڷﶼҲչһЩʳ
ڷﶼչʳﶼʳǸұأҿ˵ıǼ⣬ƣǮ֣֪ô𣿡
һûϰ֮߱ԼƸЦ͵ҾǺò״Զﶼһˣֻܲܿȥ
°ͣϴ鱦꣬ڳõô鱦ע׬һӣ㻹˳մĵһպõʦšƣпֶ飿

ôһ㣬ﶼջķᰡ
ƺܺգǿҽڣûز㡢ɡʲôѵҪһЩȥ𣿡
У˵㣡Ҽ߳ŭˣ㲻ٶ§ס
Ʊ㿪ʼʱţһȥºһˣһһЩͺﵽռڶȥ֣ЩߵزȥɹҩģҼǵʦ֮ǰ˵ﶼвеҩģ¼˵ֻʱŻῪȶЧ
ðǾͶ㣡ҳİ޽ǵͷ
죬ƺʮ־ˡ
һºջķᣬһʱ˻ֶǸ⴬ǵӡ
ɹزҲʮ˳⴬ǣߣɶϵȵģ
˵գԭʦѯһչҩĵ£˭֪ȴ˸ա
ʦڣѯסѦҽڵĺӡ
ĴѦѾûˡ
죿Ƴһæȥңʦǲǳʲô⡣
˭֪ԣȴóһֽݹ
ֽϵּɷ裬ֻдһ仰
ڲ
ʲôȻߣһڲƾЩˣһߵʱʦûô죿
ӦòᡣҾѦҽͻȻ뿪Ӧմʱľٶйء
ͻȻֵ˷ֱǻҽԬ̫ҽ
Ԭ̫ҽӦûʲô⣬ôѦҽȻɫľӦǻҽˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôԨԴ
ûȷ֮ǰҲúƵģƣɹҩĵĻаȥҩҲܾͨ
ţȥаһ𡣡Ȼͬ⡣
а߾֪ͨҩĴ඼ƶйء
ˣʶҩҲȺƶࡣ
Ҳûһȥɹҩģабơ
ϣаߡ֥һ֣ͬӺаʮŮæණ
Ӻƶæֲ֥Գţɰѷ֥ﻵˡ
γ֣֥ͬػɵһ㣬޲úúٻȥ
Ϊƺа߾ǴҩĵĻȥתһȦҩľͻȥˡ
˭֪ƺаһҩıҵһһĿһһֵҪж档
һʱ֮ȫҩĲȤķ֥ļˣ̲סʵǲҩһɣ
԰ʱǲ˵ҩ𣿡ƴ
֥ǰɣģΪǾǴҩĻأ
֥㣬ﶼкܶϡҩڴұʮѰҺСߴһЩȥƼ֥ʵڶҩĲȤ֥ȥ䰡ҪȻȷֿжҺСҩȥ㡣
ð֥ͬ飬Ĵ˵ﶼĸ̳رȥ˻³ɡңﶼλصĹʦסڸ̳ż˽е׼ȥһλͨĹʦأ
̳һǺãúӸ֥һȥɣҺСҪҩ˾͹ȥ㡣
ãҪ㣡̳ʱ֮ǰҪлˣǱʱ֥
ţ֪֥㣬ҲҪСĵ㣡ƵͷȻתͷӣӣŷ֥һȥʲô£͵ǣ
İɣҡӦһڷ֥뿪
ĿԶǰҩϣ˼ȴƮԶˡ
ﶼĹʦסڸ̳
ҪҪȥ̽̽

548¹ʦ

ȥ̳ͷһ͸˲Ƶеסˡ
ϾﶼΪľǼﶼĹʦߣ취õ
а߼վŲ߹Сʵĸʲô𣿡
ƻعæҡͷûʲôǸ㿴ҩΣ
ƷʲаѾҩҩĿĲˣǷﶼе¼²ݵȵȡ
Ʊһ֣ȻǾͶҪˣ
˵ţŤͷаʮʯͷȥҹһҩͻȥ
ǣаʮ̧žҪߡ
æסʯͷ𣿰ʮţһһӸʣµ㿴ʲôϲľԼ򡣡
ʮӣаʮ۾Ź⣬վԭزƺ˼Լʲôá
״Щֵݹȥһӣ㸶ǮʮһģװáһҪĶʺüǮٸӣǵöԷǮ
һСһ߶߶ģаʮЩĹŲ˵
ͦĵģ
ȻʧЦðɣǹ¾ͽˣҸղſֿھɱԶˡ
֪аʮװ߳ҩꡣ
󣬺аߵֱһҩ̣˵СߣҷͷзﶼزҩĶ۸ֻҪУȻǽҩ͵ֿȥ
Ҫ໨ܶԩǮаʵ
ʵǰаҲǸԽǮûиˣȥչҩ֮ȴ澹Ȼ˶ŵ
ǰΪÿۣһӣɹаźӴ֮Ǯϼӿƺа߾͸ǮƵҪ
ʱΪĸ׿۵£Ҫ˵Է
˵䣬㱻ֹˡ
˼ƿ΢ЦȷʵҪ֮ʱӿʱĻźܶ˶ԸķѾġ
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СҲʺã
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Ǻ̳οͱڵȴٵһ̡
νٵһָ̣ʱָ̳̳ᵱѡһλοΪ
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ڷﶼյĿУʦĵλȻߡ
Ͼʦһλʵ۶ָ˰
û
ﶼô⡣
λȻǴ̫ӣɹʦָġ
ȻָҲѡģһλʵͨҲǳʼҡ
Ϊǣ˵һλʵڳ֮ǰѾѡˡڵǸʲôѡģ˾Ͳö֪ˡ
ֵǣﶼÿһλʵ۶ʮ־ְܵ˵ѡ˶мֲ֮ľ
ǣﶼնڹʦƳ籸ˡ
ٽʱ֣һӰ̳ȥ
˾ǹʦˣ
˲ʯͶˮ棬һȦȦǧˡ
վȻǹʦ
ۣ챣ӣϣܱѡϣ
ҪѡҲѡҰҿ˺öˣҲֵˣ

˷ˣŹʦ˵ţ˻ήԼϡ
ʮֳԾû뵽ԼôãչʦȻˡ
æ۾ĳ̳ȥɾʵ̫Զֻܿʦ˵ӣƺʮأɫͷųĺ룬Ŀ򿴲̫
ѽ븣̳Ҳ̫ԶˣҶʦӡ̲ס
ԱһλЦСȻʦʱվڸ̳Ա߹ۿڣǲȥġ
ôһ˵Ʋ⵽̳ܾȻտҲ˹ʦ֮⣬һӰ
Ϊʲôڲȥʵ
صЦЦ̫Źʦ˸Ӧģ
Ӧ
ҪҪô棿
Īǹʦỵ̂
˵λʦʲô
зֹͻȻЩԷܲܿԼλˡ
ţ͸оλø첲Լһ¡
Сˣ۾סһҪϣʦ˿ԸӦģ˵ţԼȱۣ˫ֽԼϡ
ʲôʽƻܣִҶλһۣ˫ְסλãϢʲô
аС˵ĸǶյĸԽԼأ
Ƶͷʾа߸ͬĶԼȴû
ŲŸôԶʦܷ˭أ
Щİˣ
ֲλʦˣӲŶԷνĸȻҪʲôˡ
˭֪˫ֽؿװӣͻȻվڸ̳Ĺʦ̧˸첲ңңĳԼķָ˹
ɣǷԼĳ𣿺Ŀɿڴ

549¸

ƾԼһǿˣԷôڳǧһۿԼûбأ
ʱԵϣֹʦָ̧Լ߶ʱ
ʦָˣôΣڱѡˣ̫ˣлҵүү̡ҵҾȫϣ
ۣӣйʦΪϺⱲӱȻ˼󸻴󣡡
ϹָңߣҾ֪עһƽˣ

˶ᶨΪʦָԼ׷׼ɣллء
ô˷ԣȴûκγͻһƬгҲúƸоֵġ
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ո㣬ʵԸ˵ҪʵֵԸɣʦ˻˵
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ˣʳǣǴ󸻴֮ȻӵкܶܶǮʦһ˵һڿлһԲ˫ֳ̫ķ߾ţץһơ
ƽ˵Ҫమ˰ͷϣ룡
ˣԸճɾʦٶȳ̫ץһѣơ
Ƽ˵һԸϣҺҵļܹϡ
ʦ
㸣ˣҲûܹϰ
СһԸɣʦǳ鴤Ž顣
ƺۣʦˣӦ𣿡
ɸҲһ˲еĸ»Ϊ±ӵĸ֡ʦ
ͷҶˣ±Ӹʲô
ʦ
С˵ĺеȻԶԡ
СûܹϡΪҲֻٲ֣һƽ˳ʦͼƽ
ƾ͸ˡ
һŸҽѧ
ܲеְҵˣ
ʦˣðһ𣿡Ŀ֮¸ʦƺ̫ãת˻⡣
ʦҲ˿ЦŴҵ䲢ܣﶼİǴ඼֪
˵̳ԻİǱʦش⡣
ʦ˽Ѿһˣ
һ꣡ĺٰܳ
Ҫ֪λҽѧˮƽѰܻʮѾǸˡ
ɹʦȻܻһ꣬Ȼǿ׳ɡ
˼һͻȻ뵽

550±¶

ʲôԸʵ𣿡ʵ
۵ϴһ˿κܺõһЩֺ֪Ů
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ȽԸĬĬԺлٸ߹ʦ˰ɣƲԷľ裬ҲװߵӣŹʦըգۡ
ʦ֮ǰԼĴ߲ûЧ
ܲ죬²ǸԵɵʱ
СԵһټģʦ΢ЦųƵ˵ͷ
֮󣬰չ˶мĸ̳ʾл
ȴԴûʲôȤʦ֮󣬱ת뿪ˡ
ıӰʦ۾΢΢УźۼĳԱ߿һۡ
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һСġҳţҵĵˡ
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аʮæϣЦңҰ˷
˼һž֪ԵĸʣһҲɢˡ
ǰԺȶ֣
ܳʳܺƣʲôɷأ

551ʲô֣

ΪմһȻÿո̳ճͬ
ȣׯأʽһҪһʱ
ΣıͲͨգ壬ﶼʵ¡
½ʽ´ʥּմĻߣʹ͡
ʦʵͬʱڳ˵¡ء
Ϊ¡أǴ´磬ƾͱĹŮ˰ʱ
ڹŮѡϵʱʵܲˡ
һӣòŴôϸ°ɣʱװ磬ݳȵӣ˵ʱҽ̵ıɤԴ֡
ŮС̧ͷЦӣһʽʱкܶ˵Ҳأ
ף⻰ָ
ߣԼɣ
ٽ磬ʽʼ
̳Ȼŷġ
ЩͽȴּΪ̫ÿһεʱֿʼ
㣬ңֱӡ
ҫϣڶһů⡣
ָоȴҲж·Ǵߵʱ
Դһֱţϸ̳ʱе㽩Ӳ
ڹ̨ϵ¼ɾúЦͷߵĻʺЦûţ׻ᡣһ棬·ͬͬˡ
ĺأʺЦ
Ǹƫִˡ
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ģǱ۶Էʲô
ʱкε¶ȵͣʺ֪ǸҪɻڴˣЩһ׼ʹʲô
˼ţͼĿڲ෽ŵһŹһɨ״Ŀʵɽˣ
ʺһϣǹʦ״ӡ
δ䣬ЦЦԼ
ʶԼ˵ˡ
ڷﶼΪʺҲµ˼
Ϊ֮䣡ʱһת
ֻǣʱԲٻ©Щۼ
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ͷں˵ǲеأɡ
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552

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ⷬڽŶУλһֱƲ̫˳۵նиĹۡ
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ˡζʣǸ˵ֻһζϡеҩġ
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֮ǰȣ͵ҩҪͺϺˡ
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ǧμӳմ˵׼Ϊ˼еĳҩһƬТģܿɹ
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ʵ󲢲֣˵Ǻձ顣
ұ˰ӣ٣ϲЩѹˡ
УǱĮ˻ǷﶼˣδҰˣûĻ̣Ҳ޷Լȡ
ԣұ˲Ը߱׼ȥҪˣȴԼҵ˸̡
Ůӣ
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ڴұȴС
͸аŮװμӱŮˣֱǲ֪ܣ
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ǰһߵףƶЦˡ
ôͲ֪ˣմй涨ŮӲμ𣿻ǡ۲תɨһܣȺһŮˣûӣ䲻Ҳ簡
仰Ǵ˵ʹǵɫʱˡ
д˵˭䲻Ҳ磿ǰʦʡ
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СѾȺܵߣͬں档
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ˣ㣬һ˸ûлﶼԣ㲢Ƿǵģ̧ͬźƣ˵˷ģһվ뿪ﶼ
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Լǡ
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պʱﶼ棬סһֻסļͷ˰ĵС
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ĸºͻʺ̸ôãѾǺܲˡ
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Һԥľ͵ܾˡĺѲҾܾһΣһΣҶ֪˵ʲôˡ˵ţԼһһʮĸѧһ顣
ĬƬ̣ɫЩŹ֣˵ʺȥһҽ
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ԼȻʶ
ۺʵĲô󣬻Ҫʶʶа
аʡԼĲ㣬ջտʶЩҩġ
ҪʶҪȥЩҩǿм䣬ƱҪ̤ܱߵҩݡ
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һڣͷĿѣĵڵϡ
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㣡ƵңԷȫûһЭ˼вЩί
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Խ룬ԽȦҲˡ
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ҲԣǷ޶һپӲǵϢͺáְһ㶣˵

565Ϸְ

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Уպ󣬱ӹӵļְһЦ׼ǣ˭֪Ҫߣȴֱҽס
ԥԥ˵ӣһӶһȥҲģɷұһȥ
ҪŸ˼ලԼӣְ˼ͷЦȻԣСһ׮ձ˸ҽкǣ

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ұ˼ѹѵҩȥ׬һʰ
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аǸϳģССĹôһʮΥ͡
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ĸҲ֪ʦڴ˵ءа߲˼Ľ͵
ҽɫȴˣĸСߣΪūˣ˭ӣȻҲѦ𣿡
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һԵаҲ͵͵˿ưĴָ
ҽûаߵСԹԵĴһʵѦĶ
ҽĲֿ֪
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ʦߣԷǷڷﶼ֪أ
ҽ۾û֮ûôˣ˵ͷаߣСߣ˭ϣ
ɶаһ㶡
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ҽüëһûǩãԺʦɣ
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567ʦֵܵİ

ȻߣаҲԸⰡ
ȻаЩʦҲദ˸飬ΪӵѾԺٹˡ
ʦа߽Ľе
ҽһۣ죡һΪʦٺúýѵ㣡
ΪҽͽܣȻſڱտڽбӣɺͳ
а߱ŲҿڣֻίͰ͵ĳźƣָĸԼ˵䡣
ҽСѾǸˣ֪ѡԼ·ҡƶ˶٣Ͼ㵱ѾСиѦҽչˡڲʹѦҽֱӽСߴߣպ󲻺øѦҽ
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ԼǻҽֻɱѦҽĶˡ
ԴͷһʱǿֹΣյ뷨
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ҽƳһۣǨŭ㣬ΪڻܻŸҽЩ
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еӵˣҲӦÿĳ¶ԷﶼȨƿء
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ҽȻСߵʦԱüһ㡣
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ԼҪſտƤӳȥļƻҪ
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ҽапࡣʮӰôĻҲûйӣĶʮŵҩأ
Сͽ
ҪһֹԼǲǾѾѵҩԽˣ
û۲ҩʱͻȻһֻֽҩݵԼǰ
һŵҩѣҽؿǳЦȻ˵
ҽпƣҿûʮӡ
̸Ǯ̫ȻҽҪŵҩȥɣƺܴ󷽵Ľҩ뻪ҽУڵаʹ˸ɫʾа߲ٶ˵
ҽЩӣ޹»ȷʵҪŵҩɣǷһ飡ʲôܰæܿڱǡ
ʵһ󣡡ҲҽһֱֱȥϲȦӵˣ๫й綾ȻڶѾˣȴˡ뻪ҽ๫ܷлָĿܡ
ҽ˿˵๫ǣ
ǾͶлҽˡϲл
ҽڰ֣ҵҩҸ๫壡
һףģйǣ
磬ٴΰﻪҽҩţ׼ˡ
֮ǰа۰Ͱ͵ĳֹ
СߣȰʦס¡ưаߵ֣İɣȥ˵
֪аڵʲôⲢ¡
ص󣬺ƽշ¸ҡ
ҽȻаߵʦҺܲ죬ȻҲǵһ˵¡
ƵͷһҽʦʦأҲ֪ҽ˵ǲģʦȻô治£
ӦᡣҳƬ̣˵굽׷ʲôҲѦ֮ԶչˣΪǷҸ顣˵Ҹһʱ׷ɱΣڵϦҸֲӻֻʱˡ
ҾûǾ콫ʦҵȽϺá顣
ҵ˵ͷţҷԸа콫Ѧһ
ãҾһ˿϶аǸҵʦЦ
һ㶣³һ֣˵ҽǰ

570˵©ĺ

˵˽δѣпĵˡ
⻰ʮе
ѦҽôãѦҽν˽⡣
ѰѦҽ½ǰȥһ°빦
ȻƽѰѦҽ¶˵Ժ󣬽Ȼͬ⡣
ûѦҽԼ죬Ҷÿûɶ˼ˡͲðͷһҵӡ
գһȥ˻
Ұּһ֮󣬻ҽɫأܾȻʵףָĻѣ
أæʵ
ҽƬ̣õĻúȻЧ
ԣƲɫһϲ
ҽ̲סˮֻ֪йʦһˡҾ˵ĹѾֻʣΪĹʵùʦὫ𣿡
ܻа취ġѵʦû𣿡Ʒʡ
ҽЦûУʦ޶Ůûм˺Ѫףû˭ϡ˿ƴȱʵѪ顣ҹ۲ôãûзʲô㡣
Żʲô˼ľʦ绪ҽ˵ֱ̫ɱˡ
ҽܱǿ˵ʦڷﶼ˵ʵ۵λƽģԼ˻ʵ۲񣬶һʵҲҪ֣
ǿơƿǿԸ̹ʦĴڣʵ
ҽûпڡ
˵ˣ¿϶޷̣ʦڷﶼĵλֺ⣬ܹġ
Ȼº͹ʦһĵģǾлˣ顣
ҺЦһۣȻûڣ֪ҿ϶ͬԼġ
ôסҽ̫õҡҡͷȻĲأȴδʦйʲôͻ˵ʦûȨλģûʲô·ɡ
ǿδءһתͻȻʵҽ㸮ǸСʲôˣ
ҽ㶣˵ǻʺݡ
ʺһôģƺٺһЦ²˵ӻ᲻ǻʺ˽Ӱ
˵ҽǺӸʺް֮ңȻǻʺҸ⺢ҽεģ¿϶Ҳ֪
ƸĿڣðɣҲµ˽ӣ
һΣҽûŷɻĿźƣΣΣ
̫׺ִǸӵʲô塣
ҲûֱӸͣǻһܣĿǰǴ֪Ƴʲôۣ
ҡҽ΢΢ͷа߶ŵ˵СԴ
ã˵һָͷȣڱ޶Ů԰ɣ
˵ͷ
Ⲣʲôܣ˽֪
ֵ֪ʦָϵһλʵ˭𣿡
ĵڶӡҽش
»δ⴫ôڷﶼôãϢܴġ
ɻ󣺡𣿡
ôǵͶζֻнܶһӣ
ȷʵֻһӡʦԶζĵڶ̥ȻǶӣԡҽû˵꣬˼Ҷס
ƻ֮ǰˮ۾һζڴұˮС˵Щˮ᲻ָʹģ
пܣʵͲµˣֻ²Ӳ̴ϵ
ҽ֪ζС࣬һ㶣ˮЩˮרųŶζȥ𣿡
ԣĿĺȷƵͷ˵ûµһ㣿᲻Ǻ£
ҽüºֵܺ¶ʮΣ˲ͬˮδȥġ
ǵĻ˵ζΪСƼҽҡͷȻ粻ϸ˵˵Ѿġˣʱһλڳ
ֲδһ˵ˣ⡣ҽԼúֻ²¶ˣȷʵ˰ɱԼΪγ֣ˮ¾ڲأ
£ƸȷԼƶϣãǻԿ϶һ㣬Ǳ˼϶˵ãҲΪԼȻ˵ڶ㣬ҽ㸮µ˽ӣô¿϶ϣԼ̳лλġô͹ʦìܣԲԣ
⺢δµĹѪǲܿտƾôԴ⡣ҽǸصˣ̫ϰںȫ²ķʽ
ҲΪ⣺Ҫ֪ǲǸӺܼ򵥣ֻҪŪ˵ëҾͿ֪ǲǸӣ
ëҽܲ죬ΪѡѪס
Ѫ׸׼ֻҪͬѪ;ͻڡ˵
ҽһãȻͬѪͣѪʲô
ǲͬ͵ѪƷԼ˵©죬ͷ㷢ҵԼһۡ
֪Լ¶ɣͷ
һߣҽٸʵףѪмͣѪ͵ģ
һ˵ĸ͡ܸӣһʱҲ˵룬ûѪ豸Ҹ˵ˣҲû취Ѫ
ɿҽ֪ǸһĴ𰸣ҽΪʲôе˱Ƚӣеȴᱻҧأ
Ҳ˵Ѫйأҽܾȵۡ
ӲͷƤƵǰ˵ˣҲһ֪ġҽʵҲѧҽһ꣬Щʦ˵ģô£Ҳ˵
ʦ˵ƺͣҽʵ
ƵͷǡаϴǸʦ˼ֻԶֻˣ
û뵽ƺҽ˵ãлᣬҪȥݷһ²Сҽ¼ʵΪëͿжǷѪף
һߡ
֪֪ǿʣҲôٸʵ׺òã
ܸܲΪҿռоDNAɣ
Ѫ͸ղҶ͵ôѾDNAʲôҲͷ
ʱֺԼղΪҪ˵©졣

571µ˽

ͷ۵ңȥһ
尾һԣվǲ̡
ǰּѦоġʲôԭҲǺҶԻҽ˵
Ŀɿڴ
Ȼʦô죿
ҽʮ𾪣Ȼ̫ҵ˵ǣѯʵƣѦоģ
ǡɫѦҽҽʦԹӮʦ£СҲ֪
ҽаߣаСװĵͷ
ѦҽȻ١ҽ˵ţص˼
ơҺа˱˴˶һۣ첻
˺һҽŻعģˣ˵⡣֤˽ӣǴʲô
жӣô϶뽫λԼĶӡ硢ʦ֮ìܣ˵ţҡ
һĽӿڵǼãȻԽﶼˮ룡ʱǱԻˮ㡣
ûһ⡭ҽһ£ʵǹʦ˵䣬ǰװæһ
Ӧòæɣ뵽ԼռѻĽ鱦üﶼңԼһҲ׬ˡ
Ҳʾﶼ˶ԴұҲֶΪ֮
ҽνֻҪʧС
ͷȻҽɣΪֻлӴ¡
뿪󣬺ƺҲչһۡ
ƲķﶼľƣеһжΪ
ûбϣֻϣԼ֮ǰΪұһЩ¡
ǣ˲˷硣
㲻ǸұĻʵг𣿸ﻹΪЩʵ޷ҵ뷨
ԸˣӦԽöԷɽԽ
ΪλҪΪԷôࣿ
˾ͽǷǺθɣģ
ɫΪ˾ͽģΪұաұ裬ǰձȻˮ֮У಻ԡֲǰߴ̣ĻһΪĽʿǺ޹ա
ƶˣЩֲİɣо仰вλı㻹û½ɽʵأЩ
ǸڣҲԸԹۡҿӣɺЦͷˣ
Լ£˦ҵ֣˵
ҿЦûв£ֻ²ҵ֮УҲΪΪֹ˭ûм˵ⶼǹʦƭ˵ġֻ˵֮ңã
ŲǶ׫϶УǿҵֱԴڣ
ֻҲòֻ֤ܶҸ
ĹĵӣҲûжͣЦúúã˵оУ
Сأƺܲҵ̬ȡ
ұε̯֣ƣ˭ûмЩʲôأУȻҪȫԸĵõǲûУôƻҲǰ׷ѹ򰡣
֪˵ȴиȥ
ԼҲ֪ڸֱŤǸԼȥ֮;µĻš
˵ұ쿪˫۽ӵڻŻ˵ƣʵܽ˶ЩѾܿˡھָҲûʲôϵպսҲӦָӵģֲǰ档
ƭˣҶ˵ˣÿ˶һȥͲǶں󷽵ˣ
Ҳ֪˭Լֻ㬵ӱ⣺ǰ㣬ȻϧԼ
ôжϧΪβ·ϣƷʡ
ã
ƻˡ
ֻðҷ˰ֻϣԽʧԽ󡭡
ֻҪʦУǾͿ϶ҪŪ֣Ʋ˵ɥֱӴϡ
ҵͷβ̾һãһŪ֣
ƵźһЩһͻȻ뵽һ⣺˵ΪʲôʦͿԾһλʵۣλʲôϵ
һֱر𲻽⡣
֮ǰҽᵽʱʹɻҽȴûи
֪ڻλ˵ʲôر塣ҡͷ
ڷﶼأ˻ˣֻ֪
鱨ϵͳдǿﶼҪలһЩ̽ӲС
գҽȻõµͷסڸǸСүͷһͬ˺ơ
Ʊ㽫ߵͷоȴо
DNA֤Ľܿ죬ʱ˴𰸡
Ȼµ˽ӣһԼ֮еı顣
Ҳʮֲ죬Ȼû뵽»ὫԼ˽ӲڻҽĸС
ѵû˻ɹӵݣ̲סʵ
Ҫ֪ҽϲûкܵķأҪӼֱ׾١
Ҳú֡
µ㣬Ϊβúòö֮ķ
Ī¾Σյĵطȫĵط
˰ҲûףǱҽ
˭֪ҽӦʮִ
µĶӣܣԲܣҽ˵𾪡
üΪβܣ
ûôĳӣҽѿڶ
ƺҾ㵵ۡ
ʲô
Ӹʲôϵ
Ī޸֮⣬ƲвĹЧ
ı飬ҽʶԼ˵©죬æտڲԡ
һԵа߻ǰһҡŻҽ䣺ʦʦղ˵ҪӾҪĪë
ҽҧҧҲգȻ˵ˣҲ˵ֻ¹شв⴫

572¾

ﶼĿʵ۱࣬һֱ
ζŻλδڱңﶼٲȻҵ˽вƲ
˶ΪϼŽһģھӪû֪ϼһĴܡ
˵ҽͻȻɫأտڲԡ
ƺ޲
˵θûУ
ʦʲôܣϽ˵ѽа׷ʵ
סڻаѾû˸ʦطʱİУ·ֻصСʱʦΪʱӡ
ͻҽദҲԽԽȻż
аߣҺͺƶʮο
ʮ꣬Ӧǵͣаȴ˰ܵпѵȾѪ
аߣһֱĻΣֻΪİͬ
ԭˣӻԵңаȴѦҽ·ƭģ
Ѧҽ֮Խа߶ѵԭһԼûǸĴźӣǳʱδܱаߡ
Ϊаߵİȫа߶ѧһ㱣ı±ȽϺá
аߣҶʱæΡ
һߣҽа߸Լʱ¹ش֪˶ˡҲһλүĶԻ֪ġ
ĸү𣿡аʵ
ҽҡҡͷǡǸүѾˡѪֻʣºˣ֪ܵﶼҲ
ɫҪܣ֪Ƿסµڴ
аҲʶܷͬСɣʶס
ΨкûûεĿ˸ЦҽԺ֪ܵ˾ͻɰ˸
ϴҸ߹㣬ﶼһ󣬶±ƿشڵˡҽڵֻѪ˿ƿش󣬿Ѫȴһȱݣ
ʲôȱݣаʶ׷ʡ
ҺͺҲ֪ĹؼˣŵĶŻҽ
ֻҽ³ĸ֣üѡ
ֱۣˣ˵º̫ࣿ
䣬ͼĵĶԼҽаҲߡ
üѲ̫ࡣҽǳ鴤˵
ƺٺһЦҲûˡ
ƣҲ̲סˣڴԼСϱˡ
ʲôûˣ
ΪʲôܸоӰԼ
ѵеˡ
Թţƾëëģæ֣ЦҿЦģ̫ģǽܶףɣĪǶζñӣҾͦİζ᲻˰
˺
ҽңһˡп𣿡
˵пգ˵ǲŵ
ֻδֱڿֱȽϲ롭Ҳ಻ȥˣĿźƣƣܶ糤ô񣬿϶ġ
Ҳ֪Լղ˵еˣ˼Ĵͷǻҽ˵Ѫü𣿡
ȻԼ˦ҽۣ˵ѣ˵кӣ㵱ǰ𣿡
ԭõģȻ״
ҽĴӵۣʲôôˣǿѪֻëǵһСҩЧˣ
ΪôһСҩЧͱƿڷﶼʦ˷ѰƸп
ҽͻȻͲ˵ˡ
ΪʲôúС˵ôҭˣֱûӻ
ҽô˵ȷڣ𣿡ͻȻˣصĶŻҽ
ҽû˳ûĴô֪ûۼ
׶˵ˣ𣿡ҶŻҽ۾е˵ҽ¶ҺҪ
Աߺƺа߲ԼͬĵСԴϡ
ҽϣɼԼͽҲôңջˣûȷʵ׿˵öǴǸүеõġ
˵ֲһ䣺֪⣬ӵʱ⣬֮µǸʱпزۡ壬Ҳǵ⺢һܲܳ󻹲˵
ҿ𣿡ͻȻ˵
ҽֵĿһۣȻԡĪǺ
ƣǾúƸѧҽãҪҩĶϲȫ˿δеԲˡ
ǺҲٿ⡣ҲûͣЦ˵
ҽ㲻ˣֱȥ
ԷУǸں˯ӵһſš
ҽ˽Ǹæŵ
ҽ˰֣ʾȳȥ
֮󣬻ҽųǺŬŬ죺СЩŪˡ
⺢һˣȴʮ׶ûУ´ĺһ㡣
ϵƤȫûСӵİ۹󣬷ֳһֺڻƺڻƵɫ޹⡣
Һúӵµŵ㣬۾ëܹƽӦûʮֿ
ϸ˺һ󣬿⺢˯Ȼüͷһʹӣϧ
ۺӵĸĸΣӶ޹ġ
οϴ򳢳̵ҽģҪĻȱҪĻ¡
ƾԼûа취Ŀȴȡ
ֻԼҲȫеģ̵ֻпռо
⺢ӵѪҺͽռооƺܿͿԵõκ͵İ취
뵽һӾϸСץȥҪӰ
һ룬ͼ˯еĺһۣȻһ֡
ۡۡۡ

573и뷨

ƴûмĸӿôˡ
˵޵ѿǡ⺢ӿ޵÷·ʱҪһ㡣
߾˫˺һ޹ҽ£
ҲǸ𣿡ҽЩͷ۵ĿſĺӣŤͷ⺰Сүˣ
Ȼҽں庢ҲС
ճȥ첽߽ӱһ߻һĺš
庢ӵʱ򶼻Чܿ죬һȴʹˡ
Ǻһ߿һ߽۾ȣûһͿʼ鴤
ˣСү°ɣҸ룡ҽεȡ롣
֮󣬺ֹͣ˿˯ȥ
Ҳ˿
ղźӿ޵ʱһֱرΣΪԼȷǺӿ޵ס
ûа취ԼҪѪ
ҺûҽûпǺ󴦵СۣȻֻҪˡ
ںӲˣĸҲһЩ
ǻҽʹƨ
ҽɫģףÿգһΣǰ˰ա
֮⣬ԭûʱ
˼û뵽⺢ӿô¡ɫڨڨĽ͵
ҽ˰֣ˣҲǲ˽ߣ˵
»տӣ뿪صá
ʵҶκһնûСҾܸ⺢ӵסԺҲܸһҽأӽ̳лλֻҪˡ
ü²֪һ𣿡
Ӧ֪ҽüֻ֪һ㡣
װͿ治֪µʲô
⺢ӳ⣬ƵǸλδؾǶԺӺãܻܿø졣
Ǹˣ֪ܲһ㡣
ôûҽӵʲô
Ϊ˹
飡
ƲŲظˣ
µҪʲôġ
õˣ
ӣҲǸˣΧھζԷģ
һʱ֮о˻
ƿ󶼾ˣ˥ߣҾһꡣҽȻúӻڣֱ̫ˣ
Ƿأʵ
ҡҡͷΪϵͳﲢûϣԲȷúǷá
Ҳ˵пЧ̧ӣƺڿʲô
ʵô棬ӦЧô
и뷨ҪҽϡҵԼ뷨˺ơ
һ㶣ͷߣھȥһҽ
ʱҽڳָǸӰҩҺͺƵ뷨㵵ҩˡ
ʲôȥ˵κӣҽŵָԼıӡ
ҺͺЦеĵͷ
Уҽҡͷ˵ˣҲŵģĪǰµɵӲɣ
һҽţҽأ°˵
ҽӦ죺˵ѦĶҵ
һʾ䣬һһȣһһҧгݡ
ƺʦĳڻҽǰҽԶ˵ֱһѶҩȥ
Ҳ֪ѦĶȥˡʻҽҵѦϣҽȷ³ޣһͬõ˵𣿡
ҽɴľܾܣûңû
ҽûĻ㹦ͣͲǰܾ˰ɣˡֱԣڵĹҪӮѦǲܵģ¶ѦϵĶлסѦ𣿡ʵ
ҽףӮˣҲҪԣ
֪䣬ǺαأȰ
ҽߣʦ֮𲻹죡Ҵ򲻹ֻҪģ˵¼ʦҲģ
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ΪҽƺǷܱҪֻǱ̬ȣ
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ҲûãѦ˵ûˣҸƲҽаߵûķ˸ۡ
ʦֵܵĹϵƺ޷ͣҺͺҲûٶȰ
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˭Ҳ޷վڵµƸߵǿ˱ԭ£Ϊ㲻ǶԷԶ޷Էܵ˺
뿪󣬺һֱ˽ҵĻ
ңĴڣ̫ˣĴܡ
ҺЦƣҵĸǣ
ҿɲӹǻҽ׶˵ġȻ·ùǾ֤а취Ūתţ˵ǸôҪǱʹˣ
Űµĳɹʡ
Լпռ֣ʱһ°󵽿ռȥʶԷ䡭
ţ͸о΢΢һҵͳڶ𣺡Ҫÿռ䣡Ҫ´ȥĿռ䣬ֻܽ
ô֪Լʲôƾú棬̧Լô𣿡
԰˼дϣòҪҴ⣡Ҳڱǰ¶ռ䣡Һľ
εĵͷðɺðɣô°Īа취ˣ
ΪʲôһҪ°ҺЦʵ¿ǸۣǸ˶Ա˺ݣԼݣҸҿ϶ץס̿˵ҲԲ͸¶ֵģ
ǻʵ𣿡Ŀ࣬ʵ۲ӦýʳţԲһ𣿡
˭ʵķﰡҶˣΪһ֮СҪѧϰֱ죬ñͨ˼ҵĺˣһҵĵǸҷ𣿳Ǹʵǹⱻ˷ֲĿܣĸʵ۲ȾѪ̤ʬǲǸλõģ

574¶˾ͱţ˺

ȾѪ̤ʬǣ
һ˲ĬȻ
ͻȻ뵽ҪǸλãǲҲҪΣգɱˣ
ҿĬΪһʱܲĲпᣬ˻⣺ʵ㲻÷Ҫ°ֻҪҵѦϣѦϽ⿪ͻҽĽᣬȻϷ¿ͺˡ
ʦ𣿡ƾѦҽԸδػӸҽͽ⡣
ѦҽȻаҲȫ޵ߡҽ˵ʦ֮£ƺҶΪ϶ᡣ
ѦҽûҽԼô꣬ҲԸһ䣬ɼжŤ
˵ĺͽ⣬ƾѶȺܴ
ҵʮаգܻа취ġ¾ͽҰɣ
ѰѦҽ񽻸ҹȻȷģ
죬Ѧҽͱˡ
û࣡
õһģ廨󣬸ȥνƵġ
ѦҽԼܵ裬ͨ죬󺰣Сˣ͵Ϯб½⿪ҵѨſңһ
һû¸¶˾Ȼ˼˵һ֮ԱǣƵ
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583ҵĹ£С㣡

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ΪЩȴӲҧվԭӲͦƾԼϸ۵ӱ
ΪԼˣͿԲһ𣿡һ
һ͵ػͷȴһź
ƣôʶ
ʳָߣ꣡ҵĹ£С㣡ڿǵĻʵͨأһѱɾˣ
˾ͺһˣ΢ƣȻѵ㲻֪඼׷𣿡
Ϊ֪ŻѽΣյĵطȫĵطЦĴ
Ц㣬͸ϽҸطȲȵôʱŻڴҡڵĴҹ䣬ֱ
㣬һԼ򲻹ʱͲʴʡһ˵һǰɣȻһѿסĸ첲ЦС˳һſɰ
һ£ûѿ־ŭ
ǺƾȻ书ұԼߣ
֪Ϊʦ״ӣҲٴɱȻѧЩı¡
ΪԵĶϺƣԽԷ£˭֪δ֣㱻Էסˡ
ŭסԼƻ˵Ļ뻰ǶԷҲŮӣͻֱǻѵ˵ӣ
ƣʲôŭȡ
Цݣʲôþò빫µģú죬̸̸˵˵롭ô㲻ţҸĵطġ
ƵĻŶš
Ҹר죿
ɺƻʹ˸ɽɽﻹһδϨ𣬵˸ɵݣѾ̺Ƥë棬źıӣһͼΪůʣ̲סɽȥ
㲻סɣ۾ֱˣ㵵ʵ
Цɿ֣ҲˣԹߵһ£ɽȥ̾ϢȻкɣѽһ
ɣ
๸ˣһŮӣôӻҪḡ
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һ̲ס΢΢¡
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ɿһϻ㵽ʲôıƣҸ㣬ǲᡭ磡
δ˵꣬һ紵̲ס˸硣
ҵıƾǴ磬ֱ˺𣿡ڱ䶯һ£ϽůůͣȻ˵¡Ҹûʲôޣʲô
ɶ˰Σı鲻α
ҲǣԼֻиտݣԼв˭Ϻ͹ʦԼ𣿿¾Ҳɣ
뵽ЩĻ䡣
ԼżӲţǸЦһԼܿЦɣ
붬ɽ⺮䣬ֻú·͸ȫ˫ŷ·𶼲Լһ㣬û֪
ˣοԼȥǽѰɣ
ĳȥ
ЦеĿ߹ѱƿԼģҴůˡ
Ůǡḡ˵֪߳ܣɵ˺һۣ޺޵˽ȥ
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ôǵһô¡
ָо߳ԼЩʹ죡
˵ɣʲô¶ֵ˺һۡ
Ҳ⡣ЩŵĴС㣬ٶЩһıŤҪ
Ҳ˵̸̸롣˵꿴Ҫ۾ڷﶼľưɣ
ʲôĵģƵ˵
ƾЦȻˣҪԹʦ֣ϣ˭Ӯ
Ըġ̫ˣĲ֪Լϣ˭Ӯ
ĬƱ˵ҿιʦˣʦϾˣ´ȨգͷʢҪԸʦֵ
⻰ɾͲˡ
׹ʦԷﶼڣ
ʼ磺ΣﶼĻʵۿ¡Դ֮˺˯ؿ𣿡
Ȼǣȴ˵ΪĻ̫治ܵĽ˵Ļ
ôãΪʱ׼ˣԴ𣬡ֿ϶Ѿȫ׼һԲùʦѣһΰʦˣ
ģʦڷﶼĸ࡭ȻҪôô׵ıܣ֮£źֱµ䡣
Σǹ׶㣬ѷıƣʦµĶ𣿡Ц
ɵҲЩ䡣
˵Ķƫģº͹ʦ˱һҪ϶ϣʦܻ
ǣʦù
뵽Լ뿪֮ǰʦ˵Щͷ·ҪƵġĪʦҲԼα
Ҹô죿૵˵
һ䳰ȷһûȨûƣܸʲôѽɴѽҸطԶԶ뿪ﶼ㿪ⳡ粨û׼ǰʦæˣ
Ҳߣɺԥ˵ҪܰʦһæҲǺõģ
˰ɣν˸˵ҪȻ͸ʦ׼ԵĺȵĴõģ֮ǰҲܣô쾹ǽˣԼһҲûš
ǰʦڼ󣬴Ӳ˷ѣÿǹ񣬱ΪݲʦɳţнƵЩ˽ȥʶԼǲǸΪʦһ£һģ

584ºĳ

ʮѵһĺﶼİǶڼȡůεļ٣͸˵ˡ
տɫĺϣһС沨Ʈš
ֵģһӰմ
ʱСԱͻȻðͷ·̤ˮ߳һ㡣
СȻһˮ鶼ûС
˿һ״ֻ»񼣡
ĶСġҾĺܵ󣬾Ȼʱ򻹿⴬ǡЩۣڼװɹ̫
ں׳Σ̽һ´˵еĻ᲻׶ס
ʵ֤Ȼ鴫ƺҳ˺öΣԼת˸Ȧصԭأ޷뿪ﶼ
ĺܹͨƽġ
ڼװϣúԼȣΪǮܻա
ﶼĻͥϽ洬ֹ洬⣬ϴ⴬Լ񾹲֪ҵһεĵط
һȥҶԷ⴬ֻ˶ʮӣԷ㽫εĳڸ
򣬺ƺ⴬ºֻ»ûôס
ŸͻȻָŲԶĺ档
һȺŸӺϷɹȥ㣬ְͷ˻һ㡣
˳ָķ򿴹ȥкŸ𣿡
ȻȥٵطûȥʶŸ
šǲǺƿȺŸԶЩĽҪгܹͺˡ
䣬ԺտյˣҪԸտʹƤ
д蹦ܵƤ㶡
տպٺЦûʽڿռ̳ϼأСϢ˵ʹƤҪϼˡҪǧŰپʮˣֻҪǧŰپʮˣʹƤؼңɣɣɽӴؽڽ£һɽСˣĶְɣ
ǧ֣ҶԶһǹˣƲŲϵ
տæȰһģˣЩƤܶŰأǼǹĶԱȵģ˵˼ǹһ˷ˣܶ鷳ҼǹóܣǳѵģƤȽϺãֻ
ƣԼȻԶԡ
տգʲôʱڲôˣΪˣռ˵ƿԣƺûӰ
²һ֮ɿڿտտ֮ǰ˵ˣһῼǵģԼᣡ
˵󣬾ֱ˿տա
ǵģԼأ
ѵ͵ðոУ˴ŵĹ磬ƿɲÿտսԼԼᡣ
۵˧飬ɹɹ̫ºιιȺ˳㲶׽㲻ֵͬĺСҪж
һδӺƱҵİĦĺߺߣ˵ûУʦɶϢҲ֪᲻ʲô
ǻȥҲܸıʲôⳡϷ¡͹ʦ˵ĽǸѾˣ˵ģĳѾɿǷ쫷粻ܾġ˵꣬һ뿴ԵģЦͷ𼱣нˡ
Ҳ֪¼ãº͹ʦǺˣƶӡھͲ磬ϣʱǧӰ
ʱķﶼ
һ󼱴ٵ𣬺ᴩʳǴֱ֣̳
ٱİմ򿪼̽ͷȴֻһӶӾȥ඼
̳⣬Ŷӵİձٱ룬˴븣̳ո̳̳Ѳˣʦȫ
и̳ĵٱֱִӱٱ£ƲѺ
ʦסһ̳ӾŴ룺ʦˣˣʦǶץˣʦܰɣ
ʦϣһ·ûһ㡣
ʦˣձһҪأûʲô͸ϽӰɣ̳Ľһĵĳʦ
ʦȻһ·붨һ㡣
״̳΢ͻȻӻͳһذ׳ʦ˹ȥ
ʱʦףһ֮ƺһʦӻȥȫһɱʽ
ۿʦѾ޿ɱܣҪڵ£ͻȻʦһתһֻץסذףͬʱһֻ̳ӵš
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ٿʦ𣬾һѪûС
㾹Ȼִˣ̳Ӿ㵵ĵɴۣʡ
ʦȱĿ㣡
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𣬹ʦӴ˳ʬף𾪣Ϊʲôʦܣѵ˵ʦͲһغ
ˡЩ¾ͲҪˡʦ΢΢ҡҡͷʵ鶼ź𣿡
ʦҰĻȥˣǸٱͻǣҪЩٱ𣿡
ǲߣֻ鲻ˡԺ󣬸̳ͽˡʦ̧Լӣ̾˿ֻҲǷĲ㡣Һ࣬㡣ѽǲ̫óͨҲãҲȽϷָ̳
ӶʱĿ᣺ʦ²ȥɵ𣿵Ӵȥ𣿡
ʦ̲ס̾˿
Լʲôã̫޶ۡɶ˲ףӻΪʵҪֻ
ⲻ֪ҪԼ
ʵԼһٶ꣬ҲˡԼˣ̳ӹܵ˶ûСպѪô죿ô죿ﶼô죿
°һҪȨϷΪжĽĽӰһ
ҵϽϣֻҲҪĶ֡
£ΪԼֶθⲻ֪һ𣬾˷ﶼδ

585¹

ʹڡ
ʺ԰ѩ磬󳼵Ůǰ硣
ǵŮٲԸ⶯ҲҲʺӣֻöŷѩϵС
ߵǣΪÿν涷ޣ໥ʱȣԼ㺮䣬ЩھԼټСҲʮֵֻΪװˡ
ʹʺٳûֻ԰ͤȺ
ļ԰ٻţͤ죬ˬˡ
ֵͻȻ轵һЩСǾˡ
ʺôûѩ硭￴ѩɣеŮܲˣ̲סԹ
ĸǳ⣺ס죡ʺҲܷģСˣ
λŮʱͷɻȴΪһֱͣš
ΪΣٴһ·Լϸ˭֪ȴ涳ôã촽ˡ
Ůܶĸ׵ȻҲۡ
ԼĴøŮԼҲᶳû취ӸϽ⡣
һܣ˶ֱ£ɫ࣬λʶԼԶɡ
ɲߣźۼһۡ
λһ㶣յߡ
Խ㣬֪ջʺټǵΪ£ЦʵСŮմ٣촽ˡ
΢΢ҡͷ͵̾˿ô죬ֻ´һЩܲסˡȥҹŮʣܲЩ̿ȡů
̿ҲãлԽˡλϲл
˿ЦҲֻôˡ
Īǡλ˳һ£ѹԽҲûκη˵󳼶ϳˣʲô·
ЦݣȻԣҵȸˣ鳯֮£
λķЩ㬵ģȴȻЦԽ˵ļǡʧˣ
ˣȥҪЩ̿š˵ٽĹŮȥ
ʱŮʹʮ̿˻˾ͿԷֵһ裬ʱͶˡ
ů֮˻ҲĴյһ̸
Ҳ̫ܣ۾֪˼⻹ǱĿ
û죬ͷźͮͮľ̿
ֹһǰʹŮʺ˵ʲôʱ𣿡
Ůҡͷū澲֪
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ʱСɷףƺȷʵòᡣ
ŮģαЩΪѣǻʺҵȲ뿪
үĺӣ˲أ㵣𣿡ԵĴѾǰһȵ
ŮһʶС
Ϊδ£Сʮƽ̹δԻ
ǣԷУСֻԼŮһ£ϥ񣺡Եȣūȥʺ
˵գŮҴȥ
ʱѩĻʺڳڴҵ֮С
ңʺﲢԼģ߻λԼλ
˰ô˵أǹϲˣʺδȵ
æӭȥԶԶĳŻʺ񣺡ʺΪ̥ȣүö⹫
һ仰㽫е½
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ǧӺԺɱĳɹߣ˭᲻ô˼ʺﵭһЦҲΪ⡣
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ʺƺЩò̫ҽαԶ
Աϣ΢΢ͷԸˣȥůԬ̫ҽǰΣ
˵󣬻ʺ·ʲôֶҲŽܶůˣأСıýܶƤСӳײ
йŮǰ˸ơ
˻Ȼ
евʶǰˣֻ̫ҽȥůͺţǸ뿪ˣ
ңȻķ˺ͶҲڹڣ
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һʱ֮䣬ЩˣãȻĹˣҪһĹվ
Ȼ۾£Ҳͷ⼸ƽλߵ˴ʱһװƣ˾͸֨ˡ
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ڸղϳʱȻд󳼽۵ĻȥҪɱʵۡ
ȴʵ۵İѸײڶ֮ƵС
ʬ״ʱͰڳϣѪɺӣȴûʰ̴̵ķš
ʬ׹һң治ɫӰҲȷʵˡ
ٻһЩĹٻ϶ɫܴ̼Щ¡
ö˶˵ͻȻɱ²ɴŭ
һŭѪɺӡ
һʥּ䷢ȥЩǵĶᵽɤ۶һͻԼĲϷ
ôˣ
ٲĴаţŵ޲ｵԼĴڸС
һ嵶˪˽
ۼ˿ĹѥϻմȾѪ
ϣѲԼĸۡ˱֮⣬ĸۡж⣬Ѳ˲ֹԱĸۡԼ¼ڲᣬϹĿ˵ţȥһӡ
Ӳ㱡жʮҳд֡
һҳһҳȥϵĹԱǶ
ͷʲô١
ҪץСӣֻڳûһǸɾġ
ÿ˶ΨԼֳǸСϣЩ̻̲
ղᵽ˸ɫ䣬ʶı˴˶ӣڵϺ£ԩ

586Ѫ

λүδʵȨ
˶⣬ǶٶõĻҡ
λȻشԩȴ̣ĵײô¡
̧λүһۣƾǹţû˵ǼеĲӡ
ԽɫԽ
͵ؽеĲһϣЦãã̫ˣ޺ǣǸ߹ٺ»ʵȨΪľ׼ı𣿡
ı棿ڳԾﰡ
λƺҲһһԾ׷״ԩ¿
²Ϊ
ı棬ϡ

»ϴδɹԷһֱöԷе̰ٻĵģ
ڣ֤ȷ䣬ĺ̹ǡ
ΪѾϰ˽Լ뷨ڴǰɲ⣬Ѫ飡
ѺΣĿɨȵ
඼Ӧ
ˣϣԩģϣĹδģԩϣ
һУүҲŽԩϣȻǷݺǣϣ࣬һף
д󳼳УΪλү顣
űд󳼳ȳ⣬ıĴѾã
дٱ⣬Ȼ˳
һʱ֮䣬֮ҳһš
±ԹۣԽꡣ
ɨһ۳һŵĴ󳼣ֿ˿ϽԩĬվһԵ硣
Ÿץˣȡ
㶣ƺŸոջعһ㣺ץ˭
ϵģûĽĲȥ𣿡
Щȣץ
ôЩ𣿡ɱ

ָʾ඼ڳдʮ󳼡
ϳһʮԱλһʮˡ
ڣ˲ʮ󳼺˲˽һ롣
Ǵ
е㡭˰ɣ
ʣµĹԱǶɵˣûع
ߵϵʬҲϳȥˣѪϴĺܸɾ·һжûз㡣
λܾˣɨһȦ
ȷʵܾСЩδʵλϣЦ½ɱΪ°
ʳйԱ
Ϊʲô
ڳ˶ڹ
ûڡ
ԼΪʵۣŸЩԱǽʲô
ֻǣĲֻͣ¹Աǻ䡣
ǣԵĻ¹һۣʾԷԼڡ
඼յܱı췴ּѲ飬ҵЩԱԼλı֤ݡ֤ȷ䣡¹˵
ʱ඼Ѳ鵽֤ݰӡ
̧̧֣ʾЩԱԼǰ鿴
ȻЩ֤İȻǲ˿ġ
ڲ˿ģˡ
Щ֤漰棬ʱֱӶڳ֮Ȼ󲨡
ȻЩԱոսô꣬ľˡ
ʦ඼ĻѾʹڴ֮Ⱥ
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ܿ죬ʦǰ
ȾƺЩǱʦȴһƬ̹Ȼ֮ɫ
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΢΢һЦպʦɵΪҷﶼΪ˲˵ȴŹʦӹʦʹСסապΪʦС
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һ˿ŭ
ϼһһ˵ģ·ûκ¿һ㡣
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뿪ʹĹԱǶһֽٺĸоȫ亹ʪ͸ˡ
Ͽס˹ʦɱץλʮλԱĲ³
ͷʣֲҶ˵һ仰¡
գﶼƱ졣
ÿն˱ٱץߣҽڶ
ǻ̻̲գŶҳ
չҺͺƴӺϻˡ
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̫ˣȻںƯաҺǳˣЩﶼҪˣӵҸʮӣüЦ˳˵˰ԡ
һæʲô𣿡
˵ı棬Щץˡǰܵľ̫̫࣬ݣԼ֪ϢһԵ˵˳ǲ֪ÿŶնףѪɺӣ˵õĵľˣ˵˵˶ˣ
ƳĬһʣλү͹Ա𣿡
ǿɲı氡ǻ壿˵ҲЩ꣬Ҹо˺˺öࡣǶܲǾͲǣһСҲҵץˡ
ץҵ΢΢ü
̾ǰ¡Ҳ˵ģ֪١ͦҵģǻȥɵСĵ㣡
֪ˣлƵлȻ뿪
˻سǣַﶼĻʳǳŽգֻһͨɭϡ
ϰҪǶҪŶӰܼ飬ĶҪ׳졣
ҺͺƻױһޣҪݣݵסַ֡
ûϸ̲һòͨͨҪûκ֮Һ͵͵ݹȥӣǸķˡ
ǮʹĥܵȽϹð̲סп㲻ǧǱһʧҪϲ飬ҲҪϲалߣͨķֻ¶ܹˡ
ݸЩֲɵӣĸͨҪ֮ͽӣҲǵġ

587е

ڵѲߵĹٱϰйӰ
żм·İգҲǽͷŲҴҡ
Һͺҹգһ̵ִ̣ĺųȥû˽˽ֶԺ䡣
֪һΪأԺɹ̫Ѧҽߡ
һ㶣û뵽ʦȻڣʦô
ĶѦҽۣû˵ѧǺӽˡСĲأңҾͲøȥˡ
ҳѦҽ˵ͷ⼸Ѧˡ
ߣѦҽһȻԼҲˣͽҲܣԵļֱʳ
˵ֵ꣬˺һۣɵվΪʦòȥ
ϣӦţһŤȥ˳
ףҺѦҽл˵ʶȤıܿˡ
һʼǺƶһڳæµɲһϢˣ֥ͺӡаʮ˶ܹˣ׷Ҫ֡
òãԼͿԣʰһ·һ׼ɣЦžܾ
˸ϳȥɷ֥ȴŲߡ
ӣ㲻ڣҶҪˣ֥һ߱ԹһһըѺжУţóԣӣˣ㿴Ҷˣ
˵ɺЦ⼸˭˰
ָ֥ԼıӣҰΪԼĲˣҲ֪ǲжѳԣÿѬһζһθڶûˣӣ㣬Ĳôôóԣϴˣ˳򶼼סˣζȴƫƫԡ˹ˣ
ೢԼξͺˣЦЦת˻⣬֥㣬ﶼʲô
һ֥˻ϻӣﶼյĻ̻̻ɫ˵һ顣
˵ĸǸ񽲵Ĳֻ࣬ϸڸһЩԼĲ²⡣
ҿﶼʵۿ϶Ǹȫȥ˵һԲϾɱɱɱӣҺ첻ڡǲ֪ﶼƮһѪζž˳Բ·֥˵ţڿᣬԺ˵㣬ϸŻζţš
ȻʧЦڽ˰ɣ˵ʦҪôû
˭֪˵ǹʦ岻ʣҪӺڡ֥ʼ硣
㶣ﴫϢ
ôܣ֪ĶġҶô˵֥Ц
Ƶ˵ͷ˼
һգѸײڶ֮ʮԱȻ鲢δô
ӻʹƽĹԱͻȻң൯š
ԽԽңйԱɱλԱֱӱҹţ׵ĶŮδ⡣
Ҳ̶ã
֮ң
ﶼĹԱһʱ֮Σ޲ɽ볯ȷѪԶԶġ
ϧѾ㶼㲻ˣ
ʳͻȻ˼ɲÿʱÿƺгͻڷѪ¼ϣֻųӣĻ̻̣ɹٷȴûκ˳͡
˵ֻеȳ䶨ʱ򣬲Ż˳洦⡣
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ЦҵǰͲǮֳǰʱ¥벻ǡ
ԭֵİ
ƾԼʱչ¶һˡ
Ϊһ˷ﶼһˣַ׬˼ӵĴ˻Ϊôһ¼ʮӷ̫˵ȥ
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˵ţ߳кһһԺĺӺаʮӣʯͷҰСľ
СľС࣬Լٺףٺס
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͵ԼˣϲЦտллң
˳ȥ֮󣬺ЦϺͺ㣬ҴӷﶼǴ˵С
ƽͺãʲôֵ
ҲŵͷǣôԶģôĶɶ۰
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СԲҪԿ׿ӴЦеͳԿ׵ݹȥȴûиСԲİԿǿĸġ
СԲܴͷп׾֪Կײȥ
Ѵ򲻿֪һѡ
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ԱΡнģģǶŸֱʯٵֵüӰɣ
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մһݣԼúһΪٵĸо
ע˽ƷϣЩǽƷôࣿ
øһüӣҲ̫˰ɣ
԰ﶼǮͨϰնģӹÿɺˣǷﶼʵױ͵ĳմһȻƷˣƵĴš
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԰һʺϵܺأ̫Ӷҽн㡣˵Ȼǵǻһҡ
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Ҳǰһ³һ⻹һμʥּأ
˵ţͷϸСĵĸš
ҲĴչָɶû
˵ǲ˿֯ɵ籽֯ƷʲôҲͷ˵ǰʥּھ¥ǽϣ᲻öǾ¥Է
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Ͼû˵ļҾ¥йʥּġ
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֪ɶƣССԲȥңŤͷԺ˵
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Сϵ⣬Ʊ㽫һ·ȤŽ˼ұ߳Աģʮ硣
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ϴƻʮ־ϲϸϸ·£ڵ֪ﶼĹʵʱ̲סпȻ֮治С˰Ҫȥ߿УʦС򣬳ҽᱻ̭ġ
ʦҲ̫ǫˣھﾭˡƼϴįæοҪ˵ʲôûͺˣǴװģʦǻԻ͹ƽ׷أ
ϴ̲סЦѾͷȥһôѧ컬Ļˣ
ٺ٣ʦأƴӽžûٻѾͷ
ϴһӻؾˡ߹شˣԵﲻȫ
ԭˡѹָоʦԺЩƾ뿪ʦ϶ر𲻺á
ʦһֱһ˶ҲͰˣƫƫŮˣϰŮ飬ȴֽŮߡ
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ѾͷҲв˼ʱ򣿡ϴŲš
˵󣬸ϴţɺѾͷټĺƤеʱ˶˵ϴŲΪأ
ƴԩʦôôأ˼ҲǸֵŮأ
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ǣ˫ֺʮ״ʦǱܲܰͽһɽʵȥСɵʱ򣬵˱߳Ĵˣȥǻѹҡ
ѱ߳Ĵ˶ˣԺƣϴҲǷġ
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֪ⲻʦǰҷԾưˣǲ˵ģЦı⣬ʦ׼ʿˡҴܶ¥ȥˣҵİζ¥׼ˡҴûһʦͻƹȻҽǱߣʦһҲûʲôһЩĴƼ
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ģüʵ
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򴽲
ˣҲֽ𷫡Ϸ˿ڰŴԲ峤ǱһֱʩѹҪЩ⽻ҲǷ˺ۣܶ˺ܶ취Ŵɵ
̧˽Ϸһֿۣ¶֮ɫĽ𷫣ҲһҪҺңҲϲΪ¡
ͨǷ¶Ҫйء
ûйزɷԲǩϰֽдĺ
˵ΥΥһԼûУôҼԷȥ
ףֻǽϵĶ࣬鲼ϱǰģǻ°빦Ҳ֪ԼûоƵͬЩˣȻóһЩ棬ܵ˵ȴǲģûɾܾǡ
˭֪ȴҡҡͷòȡʱֻöԷۣȻһѹ㣡£һãһҲǲУֻǣҪҵĹ
Ѿ𷫳˵
ɫһ㲻Ὣеطڳȥ˰ɣ
Ļԥֹ𷫵ĺ
ȻûУ𷫼æ˵˶Ϊױ棬ҾṩһЩ±ˮǣڵؿ춹ģҶǴֱṩĳƷǡ
±ˮ
Щ±ˮǵǰһԶһģһһЩȪˮ
ֻҪж±ˮĹӦԷЩȻͿˡ
ǻ͡ͺЩΪսΪ򵥣ǶԷĻͨˣ׵ľͿԵõ
룬˵ӣ֪ͨЩκϵı˹Щ£Ҫ̸
⡭¶Ϊ֮ɫˣЩ˶꾭̣öԸ벻ǼֻЩѶȡ
޷֪ͨǱǡƴ΢΢𣬡ǲǾͱҵֹټṩ̵±ˮ˺ˣ
˵ֱ̧ӽ𷫣ӣҾǸƽҪһҵˣȫǿʹû뵽ѹͽˡˣһǳֵֹĺã
ˣûб򵹣𷫱ƵĻŭˣ͵վҳϲͬͽóҵĲԣҵʱҲΪòóͿõֺ죬ûʲôãԲŻͬ⣡ұΪ㲻ᷴһģ
һѵ𣿡Ц

597´ڵ־

𷫱ʵҭסȻЩƺɺƵĻ
Ʋ̸͡͡ЩζƷǴұһ޶ġù˶ᱻЩȻЩζƷʱزٵϡ𣿡ʵ
𷫵ͷ
ҲΪһ㣬ԲеҪƺ
ƽ˵Ҳ˵ЩζƷǳұԲԣ
Ҫʱʹ𷫱⡣
ƵͷȷʵҪʱ䡣ûУ㽫óȥʵ͵ڰѽǱߵгãպǲÿһʳģҪԼоģȴԷס˺㲻úܱ𣿡
סˡ
ΣɫͻȻףŤͷϷˣĸ˵׵ԭ𣿡
Ϸ̾˿ͷ
Ϸ˵ֹƺܾȡ
ȻϷ˷ԣΪν𷫻һأ
ϷҡҡͷҲδֹֻףԼϸ
Ϊ˵Ĳδᣬȫĸ˼
ҲϷˣȻ֪ףΪβֱ˵
ǽ⣬ѵҪһӣϷ˷ʵ˵Ҳ֪ˣ취ȱǡνһǵһǡڳԵҲһ·˳˳ˮ¿Դ޷صĴҪõĶ࣡
Ȼ𾴣Ϸǣ
ˡϷ΢΢һЦһΣ顣ϣٸһᣬҪֹǵĺ
Ƴһ˵Ȼϣһܹ峤֧Ǳߵ´á
𷫳洦ôڽҼڲ¡
ǺƳ棬ìܾͻἤ˶棬ܿµܾˣ޷صʧ
ȻҲ̬ģһһᴦõģǽ֧ҲҪĻƷηֳأ
ҪֳɣȫԸԷһȽϵ͵ۣȻöԷȻļ۸ҲҪһ£Ըߵ̫ס룬ǿԶһгۣԷʱļ۸񲻵øг۵İٷ֮ʮ˶ڻ߲١
źƽԼĴ뷨˵һ£ö˼Ʒгۣʣµı㽻ɽȥЩ̸ˡ
ʵԭңϴزһ֮ǰϵ֮⣬µζƷ¡
ûϵ֧Ҳ¹ԣҳôѿúҴ˼ͷ
ʲôʱ𷫽ҵ¶ˣ̸ĺҲ١
Ǵ⣬¼Һˡ
ڹСǰһ죬һ˰ƽ塣
˲֪ĶǰõϢȻۼ˺öڴڵȴš
̣Ѹϳĺһ
ң˵ӽе
һæ̽ͷȴǰԶͷվ
æ³Сܹȥүүôһڴڸأʲô𣿡
˵Ҫˣ㡣ƶԼǰʮãɫЦҲֿ˼֡
һ㶣ңʲôҪģ½˸һͺ˰үүαվŰ̫ⲻȥˣ
ôһ˵ڵĴǷ׷Ц
ѾͷԴڴ￪˽Ǵһ׬ЩǮӰҲԽԽˡⲻǿ֪ˣһллأϱʤЦ˵
æ˰֣ɱô˵ڽҲǸͶġһҪллҰæ׬ôأ
˵ţ˫ֺʮҾһ
㿴Ҿ˵ѾͷǮ˰ɣȺ˵
ű˽ǻ׬ôǮôȫ˶һѣЩ˵ǵźôˣأ
ɫʱúѿͷȥ˵ʲô˭ڱҽҲ
䣬ϳǸ˵ˣ˵ȳӣ֣Ԫţֲڽ
ΪɶǴڣƾɶֻȳ˵
еĹһ٣ǰȥĶȥĶиŵģ
Ҳ̫ƫ˰ɣǶѾͷǵӣǾͻŰȳӰ˽µӣ˿ôΪ⡣
һվ˳ȳ˵ʲôƨҴǲǣ
򰡣򣡡ȳָԼԴбʹңû
ͨ죬ȭҪϣȴʤһѱס
ɵȳӾ뼤ŭ㣬ȻǮ𣿡ʤȰŤͷȳŭȳȱ°ɣѹȢϱˣԵģĸԸ㣿ʹһӹӾɣ
ʤ˵ʲôأ˵һ飿ҶӾǰɣܲϱҿɾˣȳӱŭˣߣһȳһյĳʤȥǣҷ㲻ɣ
ѽҶһԣҪǸһ£͸ʤɤźֱܴѹȳӡ
ȳӽеû嵽ʤǰŭԼͲҶ֡
֣ܶҲôˡ
ǣֻܽ
Ȼͱʤ
һʱ֮ҳһţµ
󣬺Ϻͺ˶³ˣǰĴ񣬶ɵˡ
СԲŵýץź·ᶼˡ
ˣұ죡ڣһŭ𣬽סˡ

598´й

ʤԼȳӵ˶Ҽȥˡ
һܣ̾˿ʵʲôʲô벻úùˣ
Ҳû취ˡ֣ԪЦ˵涼ûˣͽҲˡ
üȳӲǺϻȥôˣ
֣ҺǴȽϻ˼ң֣ԪźȳӾʹȥ⣬ǴȽϺõġ
죬˵һ
ˡһοˣ˱߳ġ֣ԪŻ˵һ룬ͻȻȳӴˡ
߹ս£ⲻȳ߿࣬һҺ֣ԪŶ˸׳죬ĽҲˣҲǱƵû취ˣԲų²ߣϣҺѾͷֿڷԡ
ЩΪѵĿ˺һۡ
ԭŴһۼӭӺƣһΪ˱ʾлΪ˸һӡ󣬺Ŵ¸ٶలһЩ˽
˵һӹıöˣ˭ûأ
ⲻƽ˷˲ƣݶҲ
ԭҸʵʱһ죬ڣȴͻȻðȳӺ֣ԪŽˡ
Ϊֹ
ϾԼҲϣƴŴǷƣܲ˵˼ȳӺ֣Ԫ˵ַԣԼŲðɣ
ôѾͷԸ֣ڷԣֹȳӸӲֱϺơ
һںǰȳӣѾͷҪȻߴҡܵѾͷ˼𣿡
ڸѾͷ˵ʲô죿ĪԼܴѾͷȳһѹ
ĲУæǰЦ壬ˣ׼𣿡
׼ˡһ⡢׺ͣˡʤקһϴЦ
ʣǮ˰ɣ
ƹ˵Ϊôҹ꣬緢ġʤһϵЦ˼֡
˼£֪һԽмӱ
Ǽĵ֣ԱߵȳͻȻ˵ǵӬͷСͰǶˣ
ȳӣǳԲ˵ᣡʤŤͷһ
ȳƲƲ죺԰ǳԲûѾͷ˵˼Ҷô𣿻ƽȮ۰ǮԴ˶ҷ˰
˭ǹʤָȳӵıӣ˵ȳӣ׬ǮҲûһǮûǮƨ°
ȳӾʤûʸԼ˵ֱƣôģѾͷͬ峤
Ŷ֪ǣһãȻ˼ǼҲǰƽģ
ȳ¶֮ɫҵȻǰƽģǸͿҼҺ棡
үү˵ʲôְȷϡ
ͷȷʵǴġЩȥٻش塣
ŶǰӦ׬˲Ӱɣƺʵ
ȳ΢΢ͷǿǿϿܲʲôڴﻹһġ
Ŷ֮ǰҪãôû˵ӰգգۣĪû˵£ļҲûסڴ𣿡
ȳɫ΢䣺Һܾûش壬Ȼ̫¡
Ŷҿ£ҿ֪ĺЦЦ
ȳӲҭʶ֣Ԫš
֣ԪΪΣѾͷҲû취ˣԲͷϡ㿴⡭
ˣúϢϢȲ̸Ʋ˵ЦŻؾ֣æǹ̸ˣүү˽һ׼ٿһʱҪˡ鷳үүߴңп׵ˣԽǣҪﵽҵҪ󣡡
ףƷºãعأ̤ʵϸɣЦŵͷʮο̫ˣʵүүҲ뿪ڸ˵أû뵽ѾͷѾ׼йˡ̫ˣһҲøиˣ
ƹЦүүô˵Ҿͷˣһе㵣ĵʱв׵ˣڴҲҽȼü֮ˣ
Ѿͷ˵Ҫˣȥĸһ϶ѵǸһ壬ռ˱ʤЦ˵źĻ
һߣϵҲΧˣҶ˵ŹάĻǰֺǣŬϵ
СԲں棬壬ûдǰ𻰡
Һãкϡƽ誡´˸һߣûúѿ
һȺ˵˵ЦЦȥȫվȳӺ֣Ԫš
Զȳӷ޷޵ĳһĭޣʲôǮľͽᣡһ
Ҳô˵ҿѾͷܲô˶һ˺ӡ֣ԪŶ˶٣̽˵Ҫȥú˵˵ϾҲôľ飬ϽǮ϶ܻرģǸס
˵ˣȳӴ³ĴЩ壬뷴ڣˣҸ㣬ûҲǵĶ֣෴֣ҲƲƣôԱס֣ԪţһʱͷԷ裬˿ү£
֣Ԫűŵסٿڡ
ߣȻȥɣȳӿһۣ־²κˣϱҲ˵
ģģҿ϶˵֣Ԫæ֤ȳߣ첽ȥ
뿪аӴſڵĴȥıӰ¶ζЦݡ

599³Ϧ֮ҹ

ŶȳӺ֣ԪָʹҪҲƺ⡣
а΢΢ͷǵĶԻȻûֱᵽԷ֣ǳƺԷΪү
ү׼ҵˡ뵽һʼ֣Ԫ˵һ䡰߳ġȳӴˡ
֣ԪŵʱҪ˵ĻܿǱ߳ĴĿ׼ҡ
а׼ܴк֧ܶһȥһµ˭Ҫĸ֡
û´ĻӦǿ֮ʼ磬ȥƽ誻ʱ͵Ĵˣ֮ǸСˡҵû뵽Ȼôáԣ¥ȥû׼Ҳù
а۾΢΢𣺡ĸ˴
һ㶣Ӧа˵ֱֻɱ֮ҡͷãⳡϵ¾ⳡϽɱˣǾͻ˹أ
а̫ͬĸСӦճҹζࡣ
ԷȻСˣδҼ֡΢΢ҡͷüǳסҪʲôңڲȷǿ֮ԼҪԸǣǱˡ
˵а
аͷǣˣ
ƽĸ֣ǵӸԣˣȻҲģһв˼Ҷ˱
Ϧҹ汬ͻȻҡ
߹صĽʿǴʱʲô
б
нӳ
Ϊף


ϮϮ
죡أ
ˣϳǽ
֧Ȫˮصĳǽ⣬Įᣬڿٱƽš
ģѡʱ򣡡һ׳ʵĨһð͹촽Ŀһϲİֻռһץ嵶ߣϵǣҳɱȥ
ǣͬļλ첽߳Ӫȥˡ
ܿʿ㱻λӳŵķ첽ȥ
վסܰٻҪʲôδǰ֧㱻סˡ
ܰٻ嵶һ᣺ɱУǰﱱĮǴǹ꣡ɱƨҺ͵ʲ
ܰٻ㷢ʲô裿󽫾˵ˣĮɧţԷΪΪϣϽ˻ȥ·˺ǳ
ܰٻˣǰһָ˵ıӣϺǲҳɱķͷ
ܰٴ˵˵ʲôҪϳǽȥﵷңϺȵ
ܰٴƲ죺˭ˣҪŵǳɱУ·Ͻÿ
ܰٴҷĿǴ󽫾ĪΥɣϺ
˵ţǽͻȻǼҪϳǽ
Բۣģܰٴɫһ䡣
֮ǰĮڳפ󲿷ֶ𹥺̽δǡ
һξȻˣ
ݣǿ϶Ҳ˹ǳ
ĪڳϦ֮ҹȪˮصĳŹƣ
ϺҲ뵽һ㣬ת˻𣺡סţע⹥ǳ
ܰٴվԭأϺɫࣺܰٻŸʲôϳǽ֧Ԯ
֪˵ܰٴĻ˾죬ŤͷǣϳǽɱУ
һȺǽϳȥ
ǽвʿĮӵļʸһ߾ʬӳǽϷ̧ܰٴ˲
ţҲˡ˵õ˳ǷԺȾƵģһϱŴԼ̧ȥʬ壬˵
ϱ˳Ŀ⿴ȥһŻˡĺףϵļʸûγѪȾ
ˣٿҲҿҹǰˣ˵һľҡ˵ϱŤͷһЦ㻹ǵһִɣ£һҺ棬㣡㣬׹ӶȳŶߣ
ڴɣĴǶں©ҪȻܻڣԱϱҴ˸ղǸϱţ
ڵϱۣ㶮ʲôŲӲŸߣսĵ
ңԱнЦЦǾͶлڸˣ
ϱڣ˼˵Ⱦƣھ͵
ڸƺںܲˣҵľأǺ˵Ҹ㣬ţһԺ
δ˵꣬ͻȻ뵽Ѿ˵ţڵʱ̾˿
粻Ǻ㣡˰ҪһǧѪͷȥӢۣԹԸڸ棡ڵ
ҹɵͷţ֪ˣ
һαĮ˳ҹͻϮ˴ұһֲ
ܴұʿǷɱУɳǽȻһݣıĮ˻˳ǽ
ܰٴȥʱ򣬳ǽѾһƬңʮĮײеĻӵұʿɱ
һұʿܰٴ˲ۣɱȺӣ
ɱܰٴİСȥ
ŵŶǰ壬΢΢ͷңûУ٣ȥǱߡ
û˵꣬͸оһԼ߹ι
ɱڵĳĮĶߡ
ôҪˣھһұĮΧסʱۣģҪˣ
ߵĳǽѾˡ
ʼĮʱع˶ߣʹ߳ǽϵʿأһȱڡ
ұʿҪȱڵʱѾǿ׳ıĮʿû
ȱһ򿪣ƺܿͲܿˡ
ܸǽУξһֱڿ֧ԮųǽǽͷҲ̲ݻִ󲿷ֱס޷ִﶫߵĳǽ
ססҹ𶫳ǽƫһɤӺһ߻ӵһҪӳǽıĮʿ
ǸĮʿ̽ӣͱһ˲ӣѪŴϵ䡣
سǵƫһջӳջأ㱻Įֱӿ˺󱳡

600ʲô

ӣܳڣسǵƫһģתŭ͵ϮıĮʿ˫ŵؿȥ
λƫ˸ǿ׳ıĮǰҲѶá
ⷢӵʱ磬ӡ
͵ϮĮʿᵶӲһ˫ַ飬µŵŵ˺üסΡ
ƫ׷ȥȴͻȻһʿĮ˿ұۣеıʱ֡
ӣƫһȥһǸĮ˿ұ۵껤סӣ³ǽ
ƫҪسǣǸһ˵һּ˵ϵĵ˿ԼѪעұۡ
ƫڻǰ͵һжסĮʿĹƣкߣղסʲôѵһ𣿡
ƫҪҵ𣡡лӵ˵ţյߵıĮʿȥ
ƫԼֱĮʿסֻŻӳ嵽һ׺ݵıĮʿǰ
ԭӾˣǶԷĶ֡
ֻһͱԷеĵɣȻֻŶԷԼͷ
ӣƫۿѣҪȥˣȴǰĮʿס
ٿҲǱ޳Ī
ƺҲ֪ԼһȻ˺ݣֱӳǸĮʿ˹ȥҲҪҧԷһ⡣
ķŻӵմȥ̵Ƥۡ
ӱϷĺ̵ıۣܲ˵һѱסǸĮʿȻŴҧȥ
ȺζѪӿԤһȴٳû¡
Ѫú˾ȥﰭ£޶Ĳӽ
κۣǰʱһ㶣ڸ磿㡢ң
ĶǸһӵİԴȫ˭֪©˵ֱ׳ȫûаֲ
ӵͷһղҪɱԼǸĮʿȻֻʣ°ԴʣİѪģƺŰ׻Խϡܿݺۡ
Լղҧģ
θһڣ̲סŻ
ںͬĿһۣմǰԴıĮʿѹĺɫ
ֻǸٷ򳤣ֵǮֹţۼĿһĨæٵܿӵкҪ¹³ǽȥ£ﰭ£
ӺӲ˵ԼУǵף˸ղŵıʣұ۵˻һֱѪ
˼ȥԼҲֻ׸ƫڸǷչԼ
ڸ磬һҪɱȺӣӴת³ǽķȥ
ڷЦϻӻ̣ȵȸң
һγϦҹǣĮ˵ľĹݣϽʱ
ʤһαЩռ˶ǽЩùǳ˶š
ֻ󶼹һ
վڳǽϣӭų̫űĮľ糱ˮһȥǽϵȪˮؽʿǲɷ
ܿ죬ƣϮʱɱǵ嶼첻Լˡ
سǽ´սƷͳʱнʿǿһ߾ͬʬҲûЦݡ
һҹȪˮؾսһǧʿ߸ǽǧˡ
Ҫ֪ȪˮĿǰеĽʿҲˡ
һսܱ֮һ
ǱĮٽΣֻȪˮҪˡ
ϽսûץʱϢ٣С͵ϮƫԴ˲ñѪ˿ڴ
ڱ̲סСֹȺǻǲǹˣ
ЩǱĮιǣֻǲס΢΢ü
ЦʲôأȪˮؼˣĮǺųƳ˶ʮģһԶƾ˻سǣ
ڸ˼Ī˵ĮĴѹǵĻǵʱҪǶӣü
һָͷ˻Σ˵ôôӱأսԳˣ
սԳˣӱҲмƲƲ졣
㻹̫ᣡҡͷԵĸп˲ʵҲǸòĵ£ҸҸģĮȺĴٽ󽫾ǿ϶ܵıǻ죡
ҳĬƬ̣ڣڸ磬ʲôñĮ̤߹һ
˵⺢զôأ˵ȺӾͲ𣿡ھԽϣúúý˵ˣȪˮصĸϣƨҪǿԣҲɱǰҪⱾ£ܵˣ
üѵǾӲܣ
Ӵι⺢ô˵ͨأ㵱ǰأΪ󽫾ʱأЦһϸҾ͸㽻סǸɣøС򱱴󽫾˭ô˴Ǹث֣һŵ򴲣
ڸô֪ô˵˴±ڸ𣿡תͷһܣƺû⵽ĶԻ
ĶЦһļ磺£սɱеĶԼˣĸѪԵĺӿù߹˴Ǹث֣ϸ֮Ը˵ЩҲǿֲӡǣΪ˲ֵõһȰǰ׬Ȣϱ£ܴʲôʱ򣬲ȺආܹܵģϹˣ
˵ţڴԼƤץɫݹȥǽɱеʱҰġԺɱˣЩҲȻ˭֪ɱ˶ˣҪˣ벻Ҫӣ벻Ȣϱˣ
ڸ磬ϱˡҿɫ΢΢üңҺɱĲֹ˰ɣ
ʰ̯ӣ÷ָô𣿡˵ͻȻʶʲôɫջˣСаȢϱˣȸ绻ɣ绹ûȢϱأ

601¼©С

ڽɫװЩЦãڸ磬㲻Ѿʮ𣿾ٻذɣѵôŰܰٻȥ
٣˰Ҫ˵©׬ֻܰٻںٺһЦѹΪܰٴܵϰٻɱһٸˣҸ㣬ǶǼ©ģɱеЩˣĶôʱȥʰҺܶǰӣת۾ͱ˿ˡսʱ򣬺ܶʬû죬ҾͶ©ˡǲ©ЩҲҪѾߵģαر˱أ˵ǲ
˵ǱĮʿ൱ھְλ
ͨʿñϻɫʲɫɫɫĮĻɫɫɫֵλ
ĮұӱƲͬұͨʮˡˡǧֶӣӦְλʮ򳤡ٻǧ
ĮǸݲͬĲΪͬ죬쳤ΪգÿϽһʮˣ֮£ÿʮһʲ
Щ֪ġ
ͷһϳǽɱУѹûʰĸֻŶɱĮ˺ôұʿһˡ
ڵĻҲʶұﾹȻôè塣
ܰٻҲǼ©İٻеţܰٻǻҪǳɱ𣿡
Ƿɺʮ㣬ַҪȥգһ©˰
ָͷ˵㣬ЦҪ˵أܰٻֻӰˣʱҪϺ濪˳ţΪɵ壿
Ǵϳǽɱ𣿡һǲ̫š
ĿҡҡͷͻȻʵǾƻٸһ
˵ǺƸ׼ľơ
һʹƽԼúȣ⻹ǰ˼ƲóСõġŵ˾㣬Ӳȡ˭֪һȻˣǳҲȲȥˡ
ҿΪľƲڸкã󾢲ֲͷûھ͵ԲŰơ
ڸ磬ϱҴġһҲû١Щ᲻ãҧ˵ֻܸһ˿ûˣ
һУһУϲЦտߣȥþƣҸطȵ㣡ҲռˣȥϾǵˣ㣡
ϾһСݵϰ壬⣬ҲһЩ¾Ʋˣ
˵ˣʮˣ۸ܻûһƸߡ
ҲǼƽЩˣԵ˵ͷպϱҵ˵¾ƲˣһҴһЩڸ㳢
õգҿҪˣڴ֣ЩȲ
Ͼŵ־ͽϾݣȪˮسŲԶ
ʿ˳Ƿ֮ϲȥСˣٺȵСƷһ£Ͼһֻʱá
һϻǷʱ򣬶Ǵ̵ʱ
ɱ֮󣬾Ȼرױʱůůθġ棬ʿǸİ׾ơ
һůθůһ̳ůġ
һ̳յȥ²֪Щĵ¾ͨͨԺˡ
ҹϾݵܺãʿˡ
ıңϴ˸軻·Ź
ıڣֱӴȾѪ·ȾˣϵѪζζ;ζһԺ˵ͽζ
ҾԼζֻƸԼݰɣ
ƹѲڵĻҲ˵ʱ㵸ģ俺ܡ
֪ܰٴϺΪɶԸ𣿡˵꣬һشԹԵ˵ΪϺǼһ￴ܰٴ©ϰٻ
üϺҲǰٻҿҲͶʮӡ
ϵ㻹治ûɣϺǼһȻƽеװƣȴʵʵġ˵һСƣર죬˭иأ
̣ڸ磬ϺĸҲȪˮأ
ԣģûȪˮЩŵأһһĺȾƣһƶһ˺ȹˣϺĵΰȪˮصĲν
νƷҸڼƬӣڸ磬Եơ
ڽʽ̾Ϣû˵Կˣ
ƱͿ˾¥˷ﶼմһأҺܽὫЩ˵
ϾĻȪˮصʿǽж˭֪ûбĮ˵̽ӡ
ںƣܲ¶Ͳ¶ԷΣա
ǻһЩϱĽˣͷڸЩҲɫĽڸ磬˵ϲνôöսͲ³ʲô⣿
¾ͲöξˡҡԴͷе󣬡ȻҲϲǸϺҸ˵ӣս͸ƵģɱקµıɾͲˣǸ˶ӣȪˮġֻҪһսǵ˾ûһˣĶǶӡ
ǰĸСǼ©СӰȫԱĲ˵
˵ĻʱһЦ
ȻʿǶ֪©СӵĴ
ڱЦе²̨ھվָһȦ֪ƨܻǱ£ˣ⡢Ȫˮ˭أ
῿Ǽ©СأԱ༥
ߣ۾Աߵӣܼ©ҲǱ£б㡢Ҳȥ񰡣ǳԲѾ˵ᣡɶ˵ľ㣡δͷ
ڣ㻹ҪҪ©ֱ׳ǰɣ㣡Ϳ㲻˳ˣԱδͷӶȻվһȭͳҡҡλεڴ˹ȥ

602լı

602լı
Ѿ˵ÿ
ۿžҪȭͷбʱһֻ޳ÿֺסǸȭͷ
Լֵܣֲʰɣҵʡ
δͷŭ˭˻ֵܣ
һ£뽫ֳȭͷȴȻԷס˿
ſδͷΪʹǺˡ
ұɿ֡
ʹקԼֵδͷʱղסų˼
ûпֱӶһСϣ֧ϰһȻҡҡλε뿪
ơƺ𣿡ԵɵɵģǺơ
εƺ˻ΣȻڳ¡
һξƶû
ģһߣһ죺̫̫СˣҲѽ
ײǵδͷԼʹ˵ıӰһ˿ɫͬĵǵͺҴ򣡡
ʱ߳ݵҺڳȥ


ȪˮصսβңϰյӸùҪ
ڰƽ꣬ӴһʼżҪ챻̤ˡ
Ҫй˼
һģӶܽȥҪȻŪȥҲ
֮ܶһһ˭һ׬Ǯ಻ɣ
ˣͣϽݰɣģһͷ׷̫̫ŹȴӺҵԺ߳Ժ˰֡
ϺͺųˣһЦݵкߣпճ
пҲܳǶæģӿɲӡ̫̫˾ЦڶϱĲ»뿪
Ŀ̫̫ԶϿѪϦ³һӦò˰ɣ
˵鸴ӣû뵽ô˶
ڼſڣĹǮ࣬ڻ㲻ȥ𣿡Ϸʡ
㶣ֿ¶Цݣڿɲ𣿡
ƶ죡ϰ˺һۣͻȻ뵽ʲôҸ㣬ҪլǱߵҪɲ׼Ӧ
Σң˵ġִһеġ
ǹŮ˺Ͽģôլ˽ȥ˹ŮѪ
ɲ񵱳ɵˡ
⻹࣡ĵͷתԺߣַôˣҪģһҪսˣǧܴӦ˭ƾѰˡ
ƨɺߣӦ֪֪
˵ɺﻹǾӦð⼸춼˭֪һ
˵δҪЩȫţܰŽģȰſεҲûʲôá
ں뷨ҲʮͬԷȨµʱƹУҾͲˡ
ңһ
Ц԰Դ˱Ƚ죬˭˭֪İɣֲþܾģƵƹϡ֮ҪЩĵ˻һŲӬʺһ
˵Ц΢΢ɫϾǳʳ˳Գëǿ϶Ҫ˵׼Ρ
Σһûˣ޴˵ǡǻǱˡҿ׼ġ
һӣƺεİεˣ㽻˭ǵΪѣúƹŰѹغˣ
кƹڣլҲȥ¡
ʱլòͦͣİ
СͳϦȴͷ˹ȥʱ򣬶ԷƺҲûû֣ƽˡ
Īĸаˣ
̲ס˳
լǱߡһ¾̲ס̾˿ݣŲҰ
զˣɶˣѵüϵ⸱飬ʮֺ档
֯һԣ˵С硣Ǻӡǻˡ
֮ǰ̫̫Ե£ҶΪǺ̫̫Լ·Сˤͷ̫̫ҲԼһֱ֪ࡣ
ɺһ죬ֶͻȻˡ
ǣԼһ˻ģҲԸģǱѺŻġ
Ѻԭܼ򵥣Ƿ˶ĳǮ
Ͱסˣ̫̫ڼ֮¾Ͱ֮ǰֶ͵˼ӱ֣ȻƵ˵˳Ȼ󲨡
˵úõĺӣô϶أǷ˼ҶĳٶӣЩ˸ҪˣǮЩ˶˵ʹСһȡ̾Ҳ֪СôģȻûأ˾͵ˣ˭֪·ϲСˤְˤˣ˲ȳˡ
ֶҵϣ
ڣ뵽ǸȳһڼĴֶӣ̲סҡͷ
ֶѾۼҶϾϵˡƶԺֶȫûкӡ󣬵ѵӦúúýˡ
Сһ£֪£ǰȣСˡ
Ѿ룬úƳƺԷΪƺЩΣǺʱ˿ڡ
ϰСˣԸ⣿ƺܾȡ
ЦԸΣǶʱΪС·ϵִӣ󲮲ԸҲаܲ濴С˴ɣ
ֶжծʵ
ٶӿɲСĿ
Ǹһ뿪ƽͷ
ֻߣļ޸һ
ĪǸûжӣԲϰСӽӹȥ̳мҲ
һ˲Բ˺öڣ˭֪ȴЩֹӣʱֹͣعʵǵ˰ɣ
⡭Ҳܲºѹ˺ܶ࣬ƣܲ濴Сȥңǵһ˳ӣҲǮġ
˼ҳСͷõǴͷɣƲʶܲµô¡
Ҳûֺ˼
Ѿ˰뱲ˣԸԼҲıƵѪ顢ײϰɣ
żӣ˰ɣ
ֻҪլǱ߰㣬Լ۾У

603ׯ

ǧĺƻû⼸ӷ
ֻҲϲԼ˵ɵһŪô±ҪС
Ըаȥֶ£ȻƾͿʼ׼Ҫĵ¡
ҪʲôѾˣҪ֡
һϾƣһǼ
֮⣬׼ơ
λľձܵͣܵһ
Ѿơɣؾơ÷ӾƵȸֹƸȫûС
ƾõͺг
ң׼豸߶Ⱦƣɺܼ򵥣һǿԸ߹սʿǷǴȹ˻
տ֪뷨Ժ̲ס̾ȻǼ޼漦޹湷ʲôȫΪҿǰ
Զ˿տյĻʼ²ɸѡĹơ
ռˮ٣֮ǰȻҲһЩƣĻǿ϶ģˮԴý
˼ȥƾûҪأðɽͷȫ˹ʳԴ⡣
뵽ȥ²ͨаϵаš
ĸҪׯ԰ҪɽͷаŶˡ
ʲô
սҰ
ĮȪˮ⣡
˴Ǹثָסģ˵׼ʲôʱǸ˰Ƕˣ
ǱĮ˽˹أǱ߹ؾͻ漱ٶĵҲûˣ
ⲻ˷
аŲ֪棬Ǻһ㣬ֻúίһԼĹǡ
֪߹ڴ̰գ۾ɻĶаţĪûģ
аҭʲôϵ
㲻֪Ķƴ·ڻݡ
аŸӲˣȻ֪ȥȪˮزξˣ
аΪεİ֮һҪ縺ݵص᲻֪ӵ䣿
԰ȥȪˮأЩĮôܴƷʡ
аͻȻ֪˵ʲôˡ
ĸĻ˵Լûģ
ͬĸĻ־еΥġ
ĮʮǳصģҲǶϷ
书ǿȥ˾ܸıս
һһмʮ
аſźһȫӵģ̾˿ĸ˵Ķԣĸׯӣ׼ӣ
ԽԽðɣ֮ǰһׯӣûɽʺֹһɽֹׯӡ˼һ£ҵı׼ɣ

аզࡣ
ĸ׼Ѵƽܱ߶
аҲǼˣ˵ʱıȻ
ĸǷ˰
̲סһ¿ˮ˵ĸƽߵׯӺܱ˵ġ¼ɽͷӦҲòôӡ
ò˵ĻȪˮǱ򼸸ׯӶŰɣǱߴ̣ׯӦúܱ˰ɣν˵
аţ
ȻǷˣƴֵӣ
˭սǰׯӶŰ
ǿǶڵصĵط
ٱҲû˻ȥĺðɣ
аŵĻ²ţȴЦݣĸȻıԶǡׯӵĻĸҪҪڱ߳ǱҲϼ߹ãøҪټǨ㣬ܶׯӼų֣۸ѹúܵ͡
۸ܵͰ°ͣȻܸȤǾڱ߳Ҳ򼸸ׯӰɣҲֵڵûл
аŵͷãȥ
ãƱţٲƵݹȥһСľϻӡ
аŽӹźƵ㣬н͵ĸ⡣ϰ˵㡣
ûϵҲϰЦе˵
һƱ
аųɵ̧ͷĸ
˵Ҫ߳ǵׯҾͶһ㡣ƽһ䣬߳ׯӵʱòҪҺҵ֡ɣĸ׵¡
аȻԣûжʱ뿪ˡ
аŰʮЧʣգ㽫кʵׯø˺ƣ滹עȱԼҪۺͿµԤ۸
ׯӿԭɽϱɽѺƻӦжϹĹũ
ׯӰţպԺϲΪһ
ȻȪ

ƽԼׯӶѡкϺͺ㣬ҲׯӰɣʱ£
⻰˵ģ
ׯôײƵģ
ϺͺһۣʮΡ
ƣͲҪˣТ͸ׯӰɣȾܾ
Ͻű̬ҲҪҪׯӸɶⷿӲ¸ǵסͦõģ
㣬ׯӲһҪȥסǿʱȥܱȪҲȥȪһ¡Ц˵
ϺͺԼͬҡͷ
ӣ붼롣
ׯ˲ȥסѵţ
ǻǮɶǰϹ
ʹ㲻ϽܣƺΡ
˵ǲϣ׼Щȥׯӵ鷳ҲǷҪʹ²ɡ
ʵϣҲϣʹһЩһԼʲô£Ҳ°뱲Ӳ
ǣʹ̫ˣ
ǰλΪŲֵòɿϹãٿǰռԼ˵Ϻͺ̲ס̾˿
˺ˣզôأ
룬һصĿ˵Щ²˵ģպҲסһǰ֪һɣ
ƣզˣ϶ʱ
֯һԺ˵֮ǰСʱҵһЩˡЩأڱ߳ǺҺҵׯӱԷ鵽Ļ鷳Բѱ߳ǵׯӹʹ¡
Ǿȼºˣʲôʱǲ鷳ˣٰׯת¡æ˵
ΪŮĲ࣬ѵ¿Գôܲæ
ҲܵĶԷƲΣգԼĸ׵Ӧǰ档
ûôֻ࣬˵°ɣָ񣬼Ҳûɶá
㣬ҲԷһ˵ԷͰСˡƼǣæһ䣬ֻ˻еֽһа˸ׯӣɣ˵׼ɶʱǾҪȥ߳ǰ

604Ľ

һʮꡣ
˿Էׯںɻ˻϶Ҫæµ
׼ȥѧã̵׼⣬׼
󣬺˵ĴйǾеˣ̲סָĸϹĨǵĴ
ǲҵƣϾ⽴ǺƸ˺Ͽġ
ңнǺϣҲֻҺ
ڣһη̲ס֧֧Ŀˣƣ̶ˣ㿴⡭
ÿȥ⣬һЩҶ˼ˡһԵĺҲ˵
̲סЦ⼸ܻӭĺأߵĶΧš
㣬ʲôʱشƽ򰡣϶еܲˣÿҳţǾͷҪԵġѾСˣ
˵Ļ̲סȻʧЦ
й²˶еܲ˴˵ˡ
˿ˣڵŶ⼸ͻнˡ
⻰Ƿܡ
ȷʵڵŶ
Ƚ𷫵Ŷ
һȥ𸮵ʱ˵𷫱뽫Щ߰˺´ãŻῼǼԷ
Щ£Ҫʱ䡣
ĵ߱¡
ǳ£ȻûиԼκϢôȫƲңպҲҺ
˵ܲ٣ܲٵ
ڶ죬𷫾ͳ˰ƽҴǰ
ôˣʮ⣬´˽ۡ
𷫵ĴŴһǸҹӣֻǼͷŵСⲻôӦóСϲŶԡ
ףСأ
ӳһˣС˶
ӭźɻĿ⣬¶һ˿ɬЦݣˣͶˣ
ʲô

㲻ᱻ˰ɣѿڶ
𷫱ʵһ㶣ЦãҸ˵أ˵ѻ죿
ͶҵģԺϰˡ˵ô˵Һʣƹżӣ˰°͡
𷫱㱻Цˡ
Ц֮󣬽ȥãȻ˵
˵һûбôңҲˡ̾˿̸Լľء
Ǹ壬鲼ϱгϢھǵٵ峤ӡ
˶࣬ͻӡ
Ϊ棬ٶìܡ
𿴽ڴƽĽҺ̫̫ܽĳ谮Ƕȥƶۿ
⼸ýʽ˵ߡ
⣬˭ҧһڣ
һʼһֻһ֧Ϸһ
һڲƴֵĽҵϵ˵ͬһпޣĲô֧˵ɾǼıˡ
ɺһֺ죬ҵϵ˲ŷ⼸⾹ȻôôߣЩ׬Ǯ֧Ǻۣ޲ý⼸
Ǳ˸ϵ˴磬Ķϵ⣬Ҳ˲в𷫣Щó
ڹ۶ϣƻˣֱȥ˽ʩѹ
ǰڽǰľֻ·
һѡƣôͻҾ󲿷ֵˣԺ·ߣڶǺͺƾѣǾζų˶±ˮƿںУ͡͡ͺͽֵζƷԼȥȻպҲֵֻζƷоģû취Ⱦָˡ
һ·Ƹۣڶ·ɱȡѡ
ǿԣ𷫵Ȼһѡ
ҪѡһĻԥѡڶ
ʱ̫̫Ҳʹôúƣ壬ҪмܹĽݾ
ôشأ
˵վޡңЩݾ޳ġ䱻˿һӣȥһ·
ĸī˸ӡ
īʱǡˣԼ˶ԷһȲġ
뵱Ǹ𪿡ŵīȣīˣˣüĿȴһֽ𷫴δɺ;
īľͶ䶼š
ԴţǼԽС
˵ʵ𷫺Ľ
֮ǰҴүݿܶĿⶼǽҸġ
ңĶǿĸϲŸġ
ĸĸģĸҲչ鲻Լģ˾Ǽʶ˱ҵϵ˵ĸ֮߰͸ʶһ㡣
ԣҸ·ǰʱԥѡ˵ڶ
֮󣬽ͻȻһֽѺɵĸо޲Һơ
ȻڽҵˣѡͲôˡ
ǻСȴֱ̫̫Ӹѹסˡ
̫̫ڣЩĵˣ˵һ仰ӶǱƵ뿪ˣǻѪɣǲҪƵӵھǽҵĴſڲŸģ
ڽ峤ʱ򣬽̫̫֧֣ҽ峤ĴӻԹ̣Сʱһִ
֮ǽ峤ⱲӶܲϵġ
ҽ峤ĴǽҵлȨġ
ϵڣ˭ָѽ̫̫Ƽˣ
ҺĸڣҲſԳɹҡ˵ʱҲЩ꣬ܿ˫ƵĶźƣ˷ּˣҿɰеĶעѹˣǧҪҰϴ˵оµĵζƷҪʲôζƷѾ׼ҪչֵĴһˣϸ˵˵
Ȳţ޲ھߣӿʼɻ
ûпһ˫۾Ķ
𷫱ЩëͷһԼĴţûʲôʧĵطɻʵˣʲô𣿡
šӦһ̵˵룬ڹ¼ҹһʲôûˣƾʲôҶ԰󣿲ҲīһҴ򹤰ɣ

605ºõĽֵõȴ

Ŀɿڴ
УԼг⣬ôĴѡѺעںϣƲм㣬ôҲҪΪ֮ݰɣ
ڡ
˭˵Լ
źĵĶ豭Ȳ裬̲ס˼롣ڶ˲ͿĪǺľԼûʲôֵ
ͣڳ̬ĺƼĪ⣬һɲӣ̲סЦ
ųһҾ֪ڸҿЦ
ûпЦķӦȴǺܺЦƴǹЦ⣬˵ҾѣζպҪ򿪽ռгѶȡҵ⣬ԭӦûϱȴˡΣҪ
е㷢㶣ȴҲöԷ˵еʶͷ
⣬óʽҲްɣ˵ţָӣʵһ𣿡
촽еɣʶͷ򣺡һǧ
ţôҲɶġ赭д۵
𷫶ðˡһǧӰһǧʯͷӣǽҵϵҲһӰɣôںе㿴ϵ˼
ʵƻе㿴һӡ
ȥһ˷ﶼ׬˺üӵˣ
ƣˣ
ͽ𷫵ĺǺбҪģΪеǽˡ
˵˵ھʮֵģڷ̻Ҳڹ
˵ǼͽڴƽĲҵǽ𷫴ģΪֹδʲô©
ȱʲô
˲Ű
ǹ˲ϡȱ
ԣܹˣ˵ʮҪġ
˽ңںƿҲǼ¡ⲻø̫Ĺϸ⣬н̫̫
ĵط˵ڴƽͲŽýҵ̫̫վԣ
õضϸ
űԼ˵Ľ𷫣һ˵ԼͶһǧӣҲͶһǧӡ⣬оģҵطҲҪռӵġҺϻĻֺ
Ҳ̫˰ɣʶּۻۣ㿴ЦЦĿԼ
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ԴʹʶһǳҪ⣺˼ȺǲõʳǾԲ˱ˣ
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612²ǲ˺ܾ

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613һõһ

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𳳣𳳣˵˫ֳѹѹʾ˰
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֮ʮ֧ٳǩսǰ
ٲȡսƶȷյĵһڶ͵
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ǰõϢĸ֮⣬гҶĽʿȫˡ
ʮ˻սԼѣȫǵˡ
սѶȿɱһһҪѶˡ
˭֪ԼרĶԸĶʱԱ߻᲻ͱ䵶ӡ
˭֪ԼͶԷƴܾʱ᲻̵
֮ܶҶһ򳹵״˵İȫУ׽
û˸һʼͱȫΪԺ˱֮⣬ûκκô
ǿĶ飬Ҳ˵˶һɣ
ǧ̲֮סüͷ͵˵һҪˡ
ܰٴɫҰܣĵ׸ֳһͷˣȫˣԼѺעʮҪˮƯ####⻰ԿڷţƶȥˣѪҲҪд꣡

623Ϊ䲻У

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һߣϴ֡ԺĦȭơԾԾԣ㰴չܰٻսأ˭֪˰ܰٻҲûڡ
ܰٻԼ߶ʲôأϴ̲סСڡ
ҡͷȥܰٴ߻һȦȻɫŹֵĻˡ
֣ܰٻһֱ߶һ֣֪ʲô˼
ϴָˣʲô֣
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ĵ״Ųµˣ˵
ڸ磬һʱҪעⱣԼתƻ⡣
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㣿㲻Ǹܰٻǰ𣿡ҾȵķʣĪܰٻԼһǰ棬ĸ
ջعܰٴҵ仰Ķʱˣӿһɱϴֱ˵ĸо
ϴ֣ҹŭǰһ޶סϴֵĲӾ䳡ק
һ׾ܰٴһװ˵ϴ֣ͷ·һٽĺӡ
һ֧鱻Ϊʮ飬һأ룬ڳϵĶΪʤߡ
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ղ˵ңԷȻô˵ǿ϶ԭġ
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볡֧֮⡣
֧лĶƺҲû뵽ܰٴǻͻΧɽŲһ٣΢Щҡ

624һ˵ãƱ

Ǵɱ֧Ǿޱȡ
ôǳˣ
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ٷСĶԱŵʵ
ھʯܰٴһ֮˰ٽʯϢѾˣӵˣܵסģ
ٷСĶӳɫޱ䣬һԱˣһ֧߳麰סǣ
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¬ۻɵѡܰٴӲƴ
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Ϊ塢ֵܴ󷽣ЩƷʸɵ
Ȼʱ¬۸һһáٷСܾ˵⡣
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ȻٷССӵ˳ˣ֧˶ʱ
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סǣܰٴ˰ܸƨ

󣬸ܰٴҵˣڶɡٷССӵĶӳųȴδţȻͷ񱼡
СɣӳĲ𣿡
ƨҪһ̭ľǣųһһܵķɿ졣
ĺ䳡˭סǱȫԼԱʵΪϲߡ
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¬۵Ķһ֧Ҳѹ
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֧ʣµҪѩܣɼʢܰٴˣʱ⣬Ⱦܡ
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ˣʱܽˣǰǡ飬¬۵ˣߵĶȻղʱѣ֮ǰǱ˴Ҳǵж״̬
ʱ֧黹ʣˣ˭ûٽֱ̭أ

625ɹҵȤ

˲ֻӴܵʱĶ¬۵ʮĬһ֣˲佫˴ιȥ
ţ֧鲢ûֱ֣ͣӳԼĶַ𹥻
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һʴɩСѾΪΣСѾİ취ôʲô
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̧͸ԶУΪ߹صĽʿ֮ǵˣǲˣҲˣ

627벻

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ÿһÿһҹ˼š
ûһˣ޲ɵԷȥ
Ǹָԭ赲ĽŲȥȪˮأҪЩ·ϵʯͷһһİῪ
ʮ죬׼
һңңƲȻһЦȪˮأ


Ȫˮء
ǻˣվڳǽϲtʿͻȻɤӺ
ǽнʿǵĿʱˢˢĳȥ
һŷɳ۶Ƿɣ泾̹Ϊơ
ǧջСۼĿмƥϲûˣżɸп
Ҳ̲ס˵ỰָȥĶ͵ˣ֪԰ھб¸浶ǹĸɰ
ỰϵһС˸͡
Ͼܰٻļ©СӴͷò˶ۺʼɡ
ǣֻˣ˵ͲӦø
С͵СģֱҾ
Ӧϱȡǵľ
ǣȡǵľ

һСԽԽҲһЩ·Լеһ㡣
ܶˣȻﲻͬͷ˵Ự֮󣬻סû˵
ԭκǿ
˲˶֪κǿν
κǿȻʮ꣬ǧˡ
Ȼνչ˵ԭ򣬵䱾ҲһԱһܵС
һα䣬κǿԭΪԼܶڵģ˭֪ȴǸСӺһţ˵һ
˵ǣڱ䳡ϣͼȡʤȴԷɻ⣬Լˮ˹ȥ
ȫ棬ôˣκǿо޹⣬һֱܰٴ˳ۡ
뵽κǿӲˬңң緢ļ©Сӣݺݵ˿ĭޣʲôʱ򣡡
κǧ˻⣿ĪǴ˽һ𣬰һЦ
κǿͷ㿴ǧ
û
˵κǿھ˭ǿ϶ܰٴϹˣ
ڶģǰǧ
ǧƽﲢߵҲûбֳκӵǸ߸ϵӣЩǿڹĨġ
ǧԼ˵Ҳܿǧ⽫ʱǧ˵ʱΪ
˸ǣ
νﶣκǿΣǧҪǰǧá
ү
Ͱǧ۾ͷϵӣѵҪϥȥķ
κǿɲǿŰķƨˣ
ľԼ׬Ҫκˣ
ǲİǧκǿʶͦţκǿҪ˭ᣡõż˽𣿵ǰǧ㣬ĪĸϹܣ
Ϲ˽¸ܰٴš
ԭܰٴʵ̫Ӽ©ˣͲҸӲƴ
κǿ۶ƲԷ
Űǧ߰˻䡣
˭֪ǧֻ֮ǵһۣҸ㲻һ
ɶ˼
⻰ɶ˼
κǿһըëˣ첱Ӵֵĺհ׵ģװߣ
ûװǧЦһ£·˵Լͺߡ
κǿ㶣Ӧðɡ
Ҫ𣬾ǧٴοڵǲǾܰٴľͶȡɣǵ֮ûҪ⽫ĽƷҪһжȨʱĪκǧûԴżˣ
ҡҡκǿҭ
û
СӶڣܰٴܾЩʹ͵ʱȷʵܰٴԴвϹҪжȨ϶̰
ڼ©Сӵıȴݺݴ
ڣ©СƵƵĽɣǧ˵
ĽôܣκǿʶЦ̬ȡ
ǧƽĿ׼©Сȥ
˵תߡ
κǿӦ˰ģֱ㿴Űǧ߳ԶŽ͵ľҪȥ©СӣˣѵȥϹܵ£
ΣǧͷҲص뿪ˡ
κǿԭء
Լˡ
ǧôԽݵȥ©Сӣ
µ
¶
ңһ˶ӣǧϹ⽫ͬģ
ƴţãһͻȻҧҧԼĵ£ȥҶŰǧ
κǧ⡢ʰɣν˵ǰǧ𣿡Ǹ´һ
κǿһʱһ㶢Ҫʲôû㣡Ϣң
ŷǧ뿪ķ׷ȥ
һߣܰٴ˽ɻʳսȥɾɷ˵ˣͺȾƣǲ飡
һ
ǧ˵Ȫˮ¿һҾƹݣ벻ڴǰ˵Լ´ϢǼҾƹݵľƸĲһرúȡңǼҾƹ˭ҺƲ˾Ǯ
ƲǮȥǺȾƲûǮˣϴһͲˡ
ڲϴ֣Ϊ벻ǰ׽еǼҾƹѾҵˣûǮأ
벻ﵽɶ˼ܰٴʵ
ںٺһЦ˼ǵƣɣ߲
Ȫˮϲ࣬￪ȪˮΨһ¥
ճнʿǱúˣȥ滺һѹ
߹¥ĹȻܸǱߵᲢۣʤڼ۸Żݡ
򣬱۾Ҳࡣ
ÿս֮󣬼һ˾ĽʿǱԼ֮ҡҡλεĽȥӡ
ڵĽͣ˻ĴЦ
СӣŮҲðͣܰٴӦεĸЦã˭Ǹ¿ľƹݺƲϴ仨¥Ӱܰˣ
⻰˶ʱͬ˼Ѫ˷
ǧҪ˵㻰
ҵģ
ǣǰǧȿΣ
ڣǼ벻ĶϽ·
໣ǣ尡


628´仨¥ĹƯ

벻ƹݾϾݲ̫Զֻһ֡
ܰٴһ˺߹ʱϾݵϰϾǴ˸кҪȥ
֪ܰٴҪȥ¿ǼҾƹʱϾűŹֵĽñһȣˣʱð̧ȥ
ɶ˼Ͼ㿴ǲǣϴֶʱˡ
Ͼæҡͷ벻ƹݵķһۣѹ˵˵ϾûǰǼҾƹݵľȷʵ
˵ţĴָȻһ¡
ǰɣϾԼҲơôܳ־ԼأЦŴȤ
ϾſЦ治ǡ˼ҵľȷʵãҲܲϰ¸ǣԼҵľƺأ
ֱӴǸƹƻˣ˺ĵ
Ͼҡҡͷ˼ҵľƶӦģҲ
ֹأ˲ˡ
ڶľƹݸ˵ȤӿŲ벻ƹȥ
ȪˮΪ̣˿ʮϾɣ¶һưܵĸо
һƬϾɵĽУȴӲðһոոµС¥שߣǰһ泩
С¥Ĵǰһ˻Ƶ׺ڱߵӭƮ
֡벻
ˣ˷ָָܵſڵӣȻ쳤ƹ򣬡ƹݵϰ幻µİȻС¥ҳ沼õıȾ¥أ
ϴҲ̽ͷȥôడ֪ûˡ
У¥ϻż䡣λ͹٣¥룡ƹĻƿˣëһк
ɴڵ߽ʱƲŷֶԷȻǼλǼʮλ
͹١͹ǻƼ亹ˣæסҪ¥ڵˣѵ˵żֻʮˣ̫ˣ¡
ܰٴǰھƹݴɨһȦʵǿģܵøҸطɣѵվſڵţ
˸ףټϴŵĵҲǼѪģһɷ
ʮѪĽʿһվƼΪˡ
ŵöСʧˣһʱ֮䲻Ǻá
ʱһλ޻׵˹Цݵ˵أǱƹݵƹλΪסȪˮͷ­ѪҵӢſڵţƹ¥δʰ޺ãλĻƲ¥ɺã
ǴˣûɶģֻҪУͷƹˣܰٴӻ֣Ц
ƹ΢΢ͷʾǸŴƴȥ¥
ܰٴ˱Ϊ¥ûʰ޺ã϶һƬǿܷһЩӣƴӡ
˭֪¥ȻɨĸɸɾģҰڷΡ
һ̲סѿڶⲻʰƹզ˵¥ûʰ޺أ
λ͹٣Ǿƹÿһ㶼ԼɫǽϹҵĻλԱߵİڼǶнġ¥ֻ򵥰ڷΣɶ趼ûУȻûʰ޺ˡƽţдһ˿Ժ
ԣԼҾƹΪ١
ܰٴ˶ǴˣﶮЩӹŵĶ޷ƵĽӺζ
ǆ£ΰʾ£Щɶ̲ס
ƶʱһڣǶ˵ˣȪˮҲԲܺŪˡΣҪÿ崺磬õķ񣡡
ֻҪðǺʹˣõķˣܰٴЦ
ҲЦǣ˵ǾƹݵľƺϽүǳʣ
Ǿƹ벻Ǯ¿𣿡
ϻ˵ϽϾƣȸ
ʹţưɣƿ㲻ӵȥ
ڣƸһҪȥĴ仨¥أǧ˵ˣȥ仨¥ҹǮɶˣǣóԴ󻧾͵óԴ󻧣ǧ
⻰ٶ˵ĺЦ绰Ҳһζε˵˳
ǲںӣ˭֪˭
ŻЦˣ˸˼
˵ЩʮϤƵķ
˼ʱͻȻһ¡
̧ͷܰٴɷ
ɵúúøȼݣܰٴЦÿҵһ˿ء
֪ȴЦҡҡͷǧҾСǺȰɣ
ССһȾƾҪܣզģǲǾľƶûϱĺúȣ˵
ܰٴһʱʵϱƣ
һʱNɪҸǣû˵ĽóԣľҲһûڸ
ڣզ֪˼ϱƺòúȣǲֲ˼Ҿˣ˴Ȥ
Ҳ׷塣
ѹÿζǺȾƣҲȥ仨¥ԭϱ˰
ϱʲôãôԶûֺʹأ
ǣһȥ仨¥籣֤ҸƯĹźģ

ںһŮˣزɵɶ˵ˡ
ЩмܲסҪȥéޱ˳
ߵ¥ݿҪ¥͸оͻȻ֡
һҪֽԷסȴ䲻ԷƮƮ˵һ仰
仨¥ĹƯ𣿡
̶һ仰ʱҵɾϵĺëͷð˵亹
֮ľϲ纣˰һһĴģġˡķɿ
͵תʯһգգĶǸߵˣʶ³֣ƣ
ߣϵ˭ƲƲ죬Щί
İһдãһն᲻ЪϢֱӴ˸Ȫˮأһҡ
һﵹãȻȥ仨¥ҹ
ȪˮصСӹĺ

629Ϊô

ҺûƵĻһ˹ȥ§뻳УƣҺ㣡
ͳ˼
ƵʵϣǿͻȻͲ˵ʲôֵĻˡ
˵ʲô仨¥ĹﲻԴӰˡ
յԼ˼ңͰ͵Էȴһֵ֡
ܾԼͷһͷȡ
ҲԼЩ
ϾҪھӪȥҪͬ۴ùϵҲ⡣
͵͵˳ҵӡ
¥ݿڣʱеҵͬ۳
ʹٺƤҲû취վö֮ĺȣ˹͡
Ҵɱȴɿһᱧ𣬴󲽳Ⱦͷķȥ
䲻󣬵ƷһӦȫ
ȻǺʱסĵط
ҽѹڴϣݺݵһֱͨʶң˳еĺƣͣ¶
ͷ΢ңֵĵһۣ
˿ǡĶһɶҲ˾ȡ
̫ˣ
ţ΢ߣҿھӪѧˣ
ҲҲø첲֧ڴϣȭסͷΪھӪΪԲŻˡ
һ˵ʲô绰պƻգֵһۣʲôСһĴ㡣
㶣㲻𣿡
ƺܰٴ˼档
ҪҲǽաƿǴ㶵ӣ̲סֵ˵ֱͦıӣԺӣٺˣרִ̫ˡ
һϲƣҪס𣿡
ӭվʰȥư
죬Цеɵӭӭֻû뵽Ȫˮӣ˼ҶˣΪ
ĵ˵һѱסֺݺ˼ڱԼĵĻϲ
㼸ûϴˣˣ
ŷӦæھӪһȺүǼһ𣬳ģ
𣿡̧һۣûнҴĻԣռϴɣ
Ǹɾˡ
ȥﶼʱ·Ҳÿԡ
ңپӪҲϴ趼㡣
ǡ⼸Ҳϴ衣
뵽һ¥ȾףиղȺʱ˵Ļµʲô
ͷϴɣǱ߻һȥȾأѵ
ЦеĿǽ׼ȥ仨¥أ׼ȥĶ
ҡҵȻˡ̾˿֪Լˣֻƽ˿ռ䡣
ռͼһ£ԼϴͿԣȳȥɣ
ðҽпտհ걳˵Ҳû뿪˼
ҳĬΣЦƣΪô
ôҪȢúŪɵϱˣˣƺ㵽׻ҵʲôʱ򣿡
̾¡
µľӪһЩȻı仯һ˺ۡ
еѾ䵭еĸոս裬δĵȻģȻѾҩȻ˵Ѫ
ƿһ˺ۣ˲ӯڽޡ
ôôˡҪŪʹң۵Ըӡ
ҿˣæȥãսôܲˣ˵ⶼСˣѾˣġ
ˣ˲ǲ𣿡ƵһĻ䣬ʵ˵⵶Ĳӿȥġ˵㣬ǡ
˵ȥˣһ£ĸӿ
޴룬СİᣬЩΪҪ书
һŮӣܿ⵶˵֪⵶ԭҪԴġ
ڣЩںΡ
ͷһΪƵĴϻ۸еͷۡ
ƣޡⲻǶÿ𣿡룬ȵ˵ʱұӲס͵Ϯѹ˲ҡҾҰһȡ˵׼Ҳ֪ҵ书һ˵ĵģ
ʲôһ
浱Լ޵
Ҳ˵ãһ˵Ƹᵽʱˡ
սϿɲƽ˱䣬ʲô㵽Ϊֹ߲Զʤ١
Ҫ֪սϻ
ֻҪɱУκηʽɱԷУʲôأ
ɫˣ㻹˵浱Լǳˣһ
Ҳ֪еĳʲôˣҲ³˴žǳ˵ı£ɲһ˼
٩䣬ɿǲҰ׵СͼƴڻĻȴôҲ˵ˡ
ֹһ
һ˶ʮĮӵҲеġ
ЩĶҶԺ˵
ˣҲعѵġ˻һû˵꣬ͱƴһ£۵ĵһ
ƴʶԼҵ˿ڣ۵Сף𶯣𶯣ҿ
û£ҹ𴽳Ц
ɺȴǵѾѪ˿ٶѪ
аûڲѣæ£Ȫˮϴ˿ڣȻŵͿֹѪҩࡣ
ƣֹѪҩ໹ͦʹģﻹĵǷһЩѯʵ
ֹѪҩǺưѦҽ̵ķģȪˮֹѪЧȻ
һ֣ǰ˼ʮƿֹѪҩࣺЩ𣿡
ˣһƿˣ¶ϲɫ
ӪҽЩֹѪҩЧ̫ÿ˶ƸԼֹѪҩࡣ
ɱʱеˣ㽫ԼֹѪҩԷˡ
ǸּԭѪ˿˲ֹѪʱȵĴСȫ˶֪ʥҩÿˣҩ֮࣬ǰֹѪҩͽҩõĲˡ
ҲҺúˣҪȻٳΣԼûֹѪҩˡ
ںˣЩֹѪҩָˣҾͲ˺ûҩˡ
ˣͼĵĶԼʵĮ˾ڵĶǸʲôģ

630°ѽᷢϣ

Ҳֺдɻ
벻ƹѾҵˣҲȾƵĿ˿˲Ϣ
ձĮûйǣϵ˵״Ӻζ
ңйǣǽϵʿҲֵֻûڵСÿζôùڵֵʱϱĮ˹ǰɣ
ƾңȴŶԷĽ͡
ƽ£׼õһ˵һֶ˵
µľǺԼȫȻΣ·Լ˵ʲôţֻҪԼ˵
ݳصΣ޷Υȥѡ
˵Լ˵ԡ
ƭ
ʱ̲סĴңϣʡ
ΪˣԼֻʵ
ӭ峺ˮӣεЦЦƣϴ裬·ϸòã
ã֪һԾŶ
Ȼ˵ҪԼǱһ˵
ԼʱҲȷʵ̫׵ϾҵͬǻڸڵźȾơ
ΪҼˣ̫㣬Ժ°ϴͷ
ǺƵһΰϴͷ
ĪЩţ彩ţһҶ
ܸоŮɢķҷܸоŮָĦԼͷƤ·һ˲顣
ˡ
ҹûԷʳҲʧ̬͵͵ʿˮԼɤЩɡ
ĸϴͷɾҵĺ󱳣ʾԷϴ
˭֪ȴһ
ѹһҵĲӣͷҸͷɾ
˭֪ҵĲҲӲģ˾׵Ƶġ
ңڻβѯʵ
Żعڵĺˣæ
ÿտսɾˮҽͷϴɾëɡ
ҵͷֺ˳֡
ĺܺûϴˮصλ棬ҵͷôõġ

̧ԼͷƺָҲأ
ҵëͷ͵͵źƵĶ
ͷԼͷĪᷢ
»ڶ֮ҹԸһͷϵһΪᷢԢᷢͬġúϡ
ͺƵĶ֮ҹЩʲô
װ磬ȥ˷
²ף
Īƾ»ûнᷢź
ҰţͻȻѥеذװγնһͷơ
ƶˡ
ǸʲôúõͻȻͷʲôë
λ治Ƿ巢֮ڸĸ
ŮǵɵԲ͵ģҾԼƺ˼¡
ǸҪҪҲһһ˵ͺ޲ðԼͷҧ˵ʲôȻѹû뵽ᷢǿȥ
һһɫͰյ񣬺ͻȻ飺ðǱ˴һͷ
Ŀࡣ
ưذùԼͷһƣȻң׼ֿװȥ
һæֹǸͷֳϵһ𡣡
ãƴϵ˵ǲǴ˵еĽᷢǰѽᷢԺˣ
ѽᷢϣǶҹĲǲҲӦòˣ̲ס˼룬ЩˣĬĬùǸɫźá
Ҳ̵ķźãܸоʲôʽ㣬һֲһĸо
ˣϴɣŵĵطÿտհ㣬ǧҪտҲšһ䣬˿ռ䡣
еĿտգ
ˣϴٶȻܿ졣
ûʮӣұˬĳںǰ
ƣĲȥҵͬ𣿡Ҳĵʵ
ñط꣬ĲƷֿ
ѹԹСӢѹ˹ء͡ɫѡЩùе
ЩͳΪ׹밮ӵָ
ưͷ۵׵Ĳ죬°ͣȥǺȾưɣƶߣǧˣ㣡
һ˵һֱӰǰֵһߣܲ˵ƺú´ˡ
ҲᣬɻǺܼᶨĽƳš
һҺȾƣ϶Բ˼ڲˡ
ҪҺú׼һˣҺúò
£Ҿô࣬ƤҲһЩ
ʣռˣ۵òˡ
ϣҪúµ׷ʲô£Ϊϻôˣ
һߣҸ߳ȥܰٴɤùȥԼ
أزˣϽȥզ£ܰٴ˵꣬æָӵưھƣ̳ߣü
Žȥһɾ˱Ƕ
һǰѾ˺룬ž̳Ӱơ
ܰٴ̧ͷЦˣкãºȾƣžӶˡ
ãһھ㣬߹ȥ
ԱߵھͷֶߣСͷôʪģ
˵ִ꣬ս᣺ζǰɣȥϴ˸裿·
ղŲСŪ·赭д˵
Ź֣Ū·ϴ˸裬·
԰Ūϴ軻·ʲôĪڸϲţҲķʡ
ں
ʲôϲţص
صھƹôṤȥĶϴ軻·
ڻϸʣһϴѾžһѽקڰҿǲھ͵
ϴѾһˣͨ죬˵ðžڵ־ܴ
ڱקһģϴֵĻʱŭˣϴ֣Ʋ˭أǰſ²ɣ

631ÿжи

ʱѾˡ
Ҿһ֪ûС
þƣ©Сӵ˷׷׽е޲ϼ̳ȸ񫡣
ƹݵĻƼ״æ˺֮ǰ˵λүС벻ǮĹءʾүǿҪԣ
ǾǳģϴַЦ˵̲ס˸á
ҡΣָϴֵıӴЦϴ֣㡢㻹˵ҾУ㿴㡢Լ㶼Ҫ㻹˵ҡ
û˵꣬ѳﵽӵȥˡ
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ҵͷȥھȻſڵ˯ˡ
ڸ磿ҽһһ˯øƵģֻεȥ
ϴֵĴЦ˵Ҿã㿴Լźȡһ͵ˣùȣ
Ŀ˵ͷԷֱϴֿ֣һľ룺磬ǵڼˣ
ǵڡϴͷ룬ڼ룡ȣ
ãڼƶ֪ˣϴҲˡ
Һܰٴ·ѯĪǾȺô
ܰٴʱҲһƣЩ죬Ȼ
ҳԼ˰֣ǣһǱﻵˣǷɷҲã
ԣĬȻ
һεգûиȥ˸޷
Һãջķᡣ
һжֵõģ
ϲǧֿˡҶܰٴء
ܰٴڰ֣ȱȾơе¸
˵ţʹ˸ɫǳȥ˵
һĵͷȻ
˭֪ȴϴһקס
ϴָհѵڶƺ꣬Ѿεվסˣ̱ػͷ
ʹ׼ȷץסҵ½󣺡𡢱߰ȡȾƣ
ͷţѬ졣
εҡҡͷ
ޣæŵ㣡ıܣó¡ǰҽ
ξδմĹ޵ͷſڣ˫ĿƵĶźȾƵˡ
ţܰٴֱȾͷȥ
ҼߵķǺסλã΢΢һ£ǧȥǱ߰ɣǱ߹ս徻Щ
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ܰٴҲûʣת˳ָĵطȥ
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ܰٴλʮ⣬վһ٩ڶƴӰ㵽׸ʲôԻҩ
ֻӦ书ѡЦЦ
ܰٴͷԭˡ
Сǣ޹ңȲȾƣҲȥ¥ҹҪ˵ΨһԵģž书ˡ
ÿжһΡ
ǣ书ôѧģ
Щ˸۸ڶַʲô⴫Ҫѧ㹦죬ֻĬĬ̵ʽһһ顣
ǿԣܰٴƤҽ̽Լ
ѾմôˣٳδЩôߡ
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ڵľѾ㹻ˡһ£ƫƶ⡣ܰٴ˵˶٣̧ңƺڵȴԷķӦ
˼ܰٴ˼
þְѣѵȪˮƫְλѾԱˡ
ܰٴϱҪΪƫƱػᴥĳЩ˵档
ʱøӺܶ࣬Զڡ
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ܰٴȫ٣Ȼȥȥ˷ͳǣȥǳҲԶȪˮذȫ벻õɶʱˣ
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ܰٴԭҵĻ˭֪СӻģƫƫϹɺ޵
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ܵȻ̰ثֲ֣ˣܰٴһе㲻ˬ
Сǳ׼Լ˰
Լˣ˭վǰСӶ
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ұܰٴɵеĪӣǵȻΪǧǸ屡ˣֵǲŻĸԸĸ
ٸñӣܰٴһۣȺԭŰȥΪΪӣ֪Щڳıߣ϶ԥĵͷߡ
ġ΢΢һЦʱ١
ܰٴüľҲ˲˰ɣҲûӡ㵽žɶ
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ܰٴЦˣСܸܲ׵Ĵ𰸣뵱һ뵱򱱴󽫾أ
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УҲû˭ô˵ܰٴʶѿڶ¶Цݣе߳ŭУУУ֪СԼĴ㣬˻𣿰ʵ㵽ûаհȺӴˣ
ȻЦǧ㲻İɣ
ȻģȻԱ˳ŵгܰٴʶֵ۾
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ҿЦǧⲻǱ𣿡
ûڱ㣡ܰٴһ࣬ΪɶԸͷҲΪɶȪˮءڵǰļƻ͵ϮڰԴ˩ڿϸɡаܶǰ棬ŶǵľԽԽߣע⡣ʱôЩ˾Ͳ˵ˡк֣ϣܱסǵ롣Լ

632ȫ

ܰٴһôֱӵĸҴ촰˵
ܰٴһֱ֪ҿ϶ͷ򲻻˸书ȴĵһĬĬŵС
ԸװΪ˫Ǻϵ˴˻ݻ
ڱҪףΪԽԽ֪ҵһȫӵ˶˶
սҲͰˣڶܰٴĿ
ӭܰٴҺĹһЦȻ㲻˵ҲԼֵܵģ
ͷˣܰٴ˿һ£߹ս½ôã˵͢⽲͡
΢ǵЦЩ䣺ͻͣ
һ֣һ֡
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Ҫǣ߻漰˸
Ĳ˵ʳʲôĿ϶Ҫ͸Įˡ
뵽ҵ
ǰʿѪĮƴƴɺֵȴ̰ת۾ܽʿǸˡ
ĪĲº˽ʿǵģ
ܰٴȻҲ뵽һ㣬̾ʱĲġʱһ֮µȥɵƴˡתһ룬ǶˣȪˮصİզ죿
ǰܰٴֲִʶĴ˶׵ĵʵۻ᲻Щٹٻ᲻
ҵԽ䣬̲סսȭͷ
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Ҳû˳ľߡ
ƿţýݾͼҪǳľѬˡ
ܰٴһ˹ޣȫһƬǽ塣
Ǻ˶٣ܰٴĿɿڴ
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ܰٴЩվ̳Ӻһصˣе㵰۵ӡ
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ܰٴһ˵һ߳ҼüŪۣüײײʾϽȥϱ
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ˡ
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ţַһ׷
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̻ʵӣЩۣʢݹȥЩԣȿůůθ
šҽӹ룬һȹ⣬ȻԷ
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ȥһȥĶˣ
ƵӺȥ˿˵ɣɺȴ֪еգ̲סۡ

633¼Ȩ

ҿģһֱϸźƵ顣
зˮ⣬ҵһʱֽŮ뻳У°͵ͷæĽ͵ƣÿһγǣҶǼƻ˵ģκβء书ǿھܵУ㻹֪ɣԪھд䣬ĶǶõһģңһѺע׬ǧӣ
˵ţױ㽫ƱӻͳС
ƶǧƱ̧СԼңĵ׳̾˿
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˵㵽Ҫʲôƴߴٵ
µĲࡣҽҿյףҪһ¼Ȩ
ν¼ȨָʱҪͨؽ
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ζŸ߶ȵжȨ
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Ȼ˵ܰٴӼ©СһЩֲĵ֣͵Ϯ˵ƺºƵģæǿɲ͵ϮĮǱڱĮ򾭹ĵطɵ˶Էһӳ򡣶Ǿͻˣһ̶ûжͣһֶûôǲǺ
ʵĿ佱СһˣǧΪСһǧ𣿡
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˵жɣڸǲ˳ǵΣԡ
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һֱúⷽ룬ѻõһɻûȥ

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΢΢ҡҡͷһøãҪٿһЩԾȻظˣ
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ƱһգգĶһһٵ˵ңˣ㲻ҪеӶԼļϣţЩսʿ֪ԼֵȻ޻ڣңҪģסȪˮأñĮ˵óѣЩս˰װô벻ڱĮ˴ٽ֮ǰԼȿˡʱĶԲЩսĵ֣
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Ů૵ҵĶУڸɺԵһ͵Ĵ꣬ʹ࣬õᡣ
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ϴָŵͷǰҪǱң˯һϡһǵ˻裬ޱƹݵĶǺ˰Ժǵó˹ҵǣ
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ܰٴɹȥ˵ҪԴģ
˺ˣѾôˣӪ캮ضĿ϶쿸סˣİɣǺܿҪ˱ˣҼЩƣЦŰο
˭֪һ˵꣬ˢˢĿ¶ڴզ֪ǺܿҪ˱ˣ
뵽ҹƸԼܣһЦʱǾ֪ˣ

635ͬ

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ΪﲻСź򣬾ö֮һĺƾҲϰСԼӡ
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С俴źƲŲæˣˮĿɿЩˣôˡ
ЦЦʲôѧҿԽ㰡
ԸңСʱˣֱͦͦĹڵϿʼͷ
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СҲ֪Լ˳ˣͷ֪ˣˡ
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գ磬ǽů͵ˡ
Сϱʽܣ뼱İ˲ǲе̫Сˣ
ҲŲж˷ۣźƾҪԺߡ
æ˳ӣңҽһͬ𣿡
п˻ڣ˾ԼȽԺӵĵ
˵Ѿ˴˴棬ʽһ£кҲʵ̫ʧˡ
ȻҲ׺Ƶ˼ɲ鲻ԸͣסŲת
ϱơ˾޵ǿѹŽһ˫˫Ź۾Ϲĳ嶯źƽܵ
¶΢ЦҺãлҶҵչˣ
ÿˣСչҲӦõġǧøǿû˵أСҲ̫СˣĪ°ϱ߲ɣܰٴ˵䣬ͷѾޱ§źԺˣż֮²ɰʵ˵ˡ
˶ʱЦ

636ҵϱõϲ

Цߺ̲ס͵͵һѣ㿴ɵĺ£
׻˵㡣ˣԼĵҺĴ
һߡ
˼ƤǺĿԣ
ԸС佫ӭƸٶȴк˳
ܰٴ˲֣ٿѾںõˣ̲סʵĪЩ˶ǵģ
ΪأϱۣˬĺһҸǣʹһΣԺٳԾȥ¹ӣҼҲ䷹
˵⿴һۡ
һһֱƵĳմѲѣ֪ˣû׼ͷŲ䷹úþһƤļһ
ѽϱˣǣԺҲ䷹һðѵšڹȻΪ⣬ƤЦĶ˵
˿ɫ׷кá
̸Ц䣬ϴֽǰڷŵľ̳᣺㣡벻ھƹľ𣿡
˵ǰպˣǾƵζȴ
ž㣬ϴֶľƳѾˡ
Լģƹľв𡣡˵ˣھƹľƶȽϸߣ벻Ǯȡ֮󣬾ƹԵһЩİ׾ơ
ϾÿվƹݵĻƹ⴦Ĺ˿;æòɿԲƷõĻ׳¡
ҺаÿǱ߿ţûֳ¶
ϴôһ˵ˮҪˣĿһɨɤô¾Ʋˣɴеñæˡ
ڼץž̳Ӳ֣µ˼٩ϴ֣ǼźȾ˰ɣ
ôõľƣĪ㲻ȣϴ΢죬
Ҽ״ÿоƣǲҪѾϣȸһ
⻰ǿϯ˼ˡ
ܻûȲˣÿϹ˾ʮ¾ԡ
ȻϴֵѾźȾˣȻҲ÷ҪĵȲٿϯ
ֻίƣԲ˵Ҫڳæµˡ
뵽ҰһҪúòơ
УĽнŽȥͱȻ˿ȥ
һðζ
СվڳſʶʿˮȻŤͷԺķһۣͻȻﲻƽ
æµһ죬ˮûأЩ˾ȻԼϺˣ˼
ӣԺϯˡСС棬ҸղȥһۣǶϾˣ
ǵöˣ˵ţ˵ߴס
ԼҶ˿ΪӣС伱Ķţ
ҷˣƵƳһۣ
ۣͬԼѾ߳ƺǻұ˳Цġ
С֪ǸݵӣƽôЦãɵʱǾƲҲƴڻġ
ǣˡСͷӦסӷˣ̲ס죬ˣүǱ߶ϾˣҲ˵ȵ
ʲôŮ겻ͬϯҲˣҲͬġƶӦȫûȤ
οһүǿȾƣ̸ۣȥˣÿ˷Ų
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ߵǰԺԼǷΪ̵̬ʱȴǰʿǺĳŵˡ
ֻһװ˾ţƤڣǿ׳ĺվţͬʱһŲڵϣһһ̳ӰͷںȾơ
ͷưԲˣв˵Ŀ϶˽һá
ոճõļˣŶٲȻֻʣ̵ˡ
Լǲǲˣƿǲתسȥˡ
ƣͿǿӰ׼ӭȴǰеĽŲһ٣ƺת뿪æ
ƶһ٣Ц̧ҵͷȻ߹ȥ
ӭȥݹһѯʵĿ⣬ʵôˣ
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ʸղźΪ뿪ǲǿǶ³ʣκܰٴʱѾ˺ƹվкǹȥֻȽȷ¡
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Ҳǫ飬Це˵ϲԾͺãԵĻȥֲ˸¾ƣ
ˬ죡ܰٴһֽкãϲˬӣЩŤŤ󡢼ټٹŮˣ˵Ƶᣡ
ߡҵϱõϲǧϱһյ
һԵڴչĺƽ͵ãǧһȶ˾Ͱ˵ǧ⣡ĽȢ˸ôõϱ
ȥģźȶأϱǺãզˣ˵㲻Ľܰٴ۾ʡ
ԴٺЦĽҵȻĽе˵һգʮ֮һգҾ֪ˣ
£˶֪
ܰٴȢ˸ŵϱҧĽֵĻܰٴסԴ»󣬷쳳ܣ˵һȥܰٴһ֮£ˣ˸۲Ĳ
أǼﲻԣҪϱˣÿ³ֻҪѳھͺˡĲʲôζǺǣܳԾͺã
Լϱ̣˱һһĽܰٴڵ½˺
ƾΪȤҲЦ
ԭĸѸٱƣոˡ
в˶žƵĻܹΪ˸ƶ˵仰

637ºȲ

ȺСһһܹƴкˡ
ڸɶ
һΧԼϱ
ҽܣ
զģƼסǲɣ
ͻȻˣԼΪɶҪ쵰Է˻ü
ţͻȻһѬľӺƮһ𣺡ùˣҸղŸƴδ⣡һ
ǹˣ
˵ͷˣȻܹԼϱ
İ𣬶Ʊתþһ̳ɫ糣㲻죡Сһ
ϴֶʱƮƮȻԼ⣬ֶһƵǼһȻҸƴƣһ¾Ͱȵˣ
˵ţϴһȥҡһ૵ôǶתȦ
ͨһڵϡ
Աߺƶɵˡ
ôһûоֱɵˣ
ܵ˶һϰΪı飬ƺ˾ռˡ
Īû¾ͳԲŻַӦ
аţʶĽһֱߡ
ȻںȾƣ۽ǵһֱ۲źơǲãжʱһ£æתе˵ƣǣ˰ɣҪҪطϢ
˭֪Ⱥƴ𻰣ԱߵܰٴӵĿڵòŸճͰͰ͵û𣿵ûŶأ³Լڲˣ
˵ܰٴŷϵĲ˶Թˣ̵׶ûʣεĿĲʵ̫óˣ԰ûס
ܴ磬ڳʦ˵ÿ˱˳ԵһɶءƺЦ˵
ܰٴһ㶣ЦǸˣ
̿ǧǲǺȶˣԼϱõű
˭ȶˣΪܵľǼ˵һܰٴԸԼӣȰĴһƽҰȻԺ˵ãǧ֣һȾƾܵУϾҶԴ˩ڿϣ˭Ҳ֪ûˣܶȵͶȵ㡣Ҳ˵ڰÿһſ۾;Լֶһ
⻰вɰζӣϲԾľʹ˵ɫ
Ҽ״Ҳ˴СֱܰٴһѣǧȶˡҷȥһϢϢ
ܰٴϹʲô
Լ죬źòײôԼȫܰٴˣ
ܰٴԼָƼ˵æһؽٽܰٴǿˡ
ܰٴٰ׻䣬־̫󣬸޷ѡ
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û˵ҪҪ˵Һ棺ϱ˵
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仨¥ҹԶĺƶ䶯˶Ťͷ
һ궼ҪŷˣһѳܰٴԶȥʲôʱȥ仨¥ҹˣҪ˵
԰û˵ȥʲôܰٴקƵķʡ
ҭʵû취Ӽ˵ȥˣ˵ȥֻҪƸϳ˯ˣ
ܰٴԶһϣȻ˫ְסԷͷ䰴ϣʹļ׵Ŀڵǧܴ磬ܱҸӾñط꣬ʲô仨¥ֱǺҰ
˭ˣ˵ûȥڰ㰡˾ƵܰٴѹûʶԼд
Σֻܰٴֺ˼֮ͣŷԭӡ
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£ʲôʱյȥˣ
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ǵȻҸ˵Ǹ⽫СҪҳӭСɲӭУĶо˵ǰɣ׻˵ж󵨣жҪСȥɱȺӣֻ͡ڻû˵ͱֱס졣
Ҷͷ亹ˣƼһЦݣƣڸȶˣҴȥơ
ǧȶˣڸҲȶ˰΢΢һЦĿϽʣһתڵξδմĹϣζ˵ҽС䰾Ѿһ͹ˡҿλй޵СֵƺûȾƣպÿ졣ȥڸɣ
ޣȥ
ôЦЦĿ
ûʲô˼ǸͽģӦò˵ɣ
ôţڵĸ첲ܰٴķȥ
Զһ˵
ȻһʱȴһƻٵĹҲϲĶԺƽʲô
ô˹ٲ˵ҲǸˣ
˼ƯŮģͺ޲øȸƵչԼͣϣöԷע⵽Լ
СӣԼøԷƤˣ
Һ߹ȥ
ʵصǰѾ̭˺ܶˣض˵ѶȲ̫󣬾ǧеϺȡϴקǧܣǻǽǰһ˵غͱ»Щ˷ܡһŶʶԼƾźݾ
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ͷһɫ޶ԼĲӣǸҪĹ˳
ҺǺһЦƣ޺ȲˣҴȥѲ裡

638ղײôõ

ʮӳ˶Ƥԣÿʮ˻Щ
ֻس˼ˣ˳Եþ˶顣
뿪ʱһ˰ѡ·ҡΣһ²֪Ǳǰһ˿ȥġ
ҲЩԼԴ϶˼϶˼ǺηӦһһɵֺ󣬶еĺʱЩ
ơϵЦмɵ
ޱĳϵѾŬŬ졣
ұԹ߹ȥһˡ
ֻҪƲ˵ѾˣǺȶҩҲգۡ
յߣƣˣ
ΪҪƽʵ
գգۣһ޹Ҳ֪ûΪһ㶼Ը׽
һζңüһﻹԼװɵ
ұͷ£ϸһ˿ɻ󣺡оζԡ
ߣѵұӲʹˣƾ졣
ɫ˵ƣӲʹҲģ
ƣңҪҪˣ
ʲôֻҪ㣡һ§סȥ
ҵĿдŵľζд͵⣬һͬĴƣˬ˳
һӣҲŽƷſͷļѴƽϢĳļ
ƻۣЩȱһƬհ׵״̬
ΣҲˡ
ܷѦ˵ҵ廹ꡣͬ˸
ÿ˶ĥ֮ұҪܸʹ࣬ϴܾõˮƽ
ƽ֮ΪɥķɵԹ̫ˣ
ʮ죬ûˡ˵ʶԼ˵ʲôס졣
ҲЦԭǵô
ߺתҡǱӻڽűߵţ޲óͷҲϡ
Լʱ˵ô֤Լÿնڼӣ
Ӹʲô
һã
ٺƤҲϾǸδµĹ
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ֻǰһļ˱㲻Ӱˡ
ƽһΣҾϱиռҲɶ¡Լ׷û׷
ƣռ䰡ҪȥôҲȥҶڴϿЦõ˵
ռĺס䣺ҲҲտգѿռˣ
տգ
Լһ֮ܰ쵽£ǵ÷Ըȥ
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ԼأǼװأԺԼ͵أ
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տ͵͵ȥƵɫ
ҧŴ÷ֱ̣ͦһ
ûԼΣԼǲǿٵһտհ˼š
ƣɣұ֤Ҳ˵ˣ𣿡
ҪҲа
ƣҵĺƣ

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ɥĵͷ̾˿ƣң˵õҲҪİ
տյĶ
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տգ
ڸԼƯĿռƤ
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ʼ˫ˣ
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ƣϳˣ
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Ѿˡ
պʱԼһ߶ʮһȽƱ˵
ҲɿлԼռ
ֻܵȴĸоʵ̫ˣ
Ƶͷ˿νסԼ˫ۣһǹ˵ݵ°ƭģ
ȻǣҳϣҪһݵ£Ͼ¹ش˱ֻܱš
ʲôʱȥգ׷ʡ
һ£̫׺Ƶ˼ʲôʱȥ
ղײաھȥ顣
ɵˡ
ôҪһ£Ӧõ飬һȫļƻܲȻ׼ж
Ϊղײ仰
ô𣿡ͷ峺˫档
ͷһͻȻһΪͷ
еǳ䲻⹥䲻
벻ջȥ͵ϮݣȺĮֻ¾͸벻˰ɣ
ÿγ͵ϮҪسһ͵Ϯٻյʮա
ڣϴ͵ϮֻգЩǿ϶벻ԼôٶȳϵԼĿǴ󷽵ݣ
뵽ҵľһ˫з·ȼܻ棺ԣƣģǽȥ

639ȫչ

ĮӪ
һƤµĸߴޱĶһȻ󽫾Ϻݺݵһҡ
ʱķѣƬܱŽ
ϢŭӪеһ˵ˢˢĹ˸ֱǸߴӵ۾
˭˵ұ̰ͼֻ̰֡ҪǴٽǾͻᶪס̶ӵģǸߴӻ˵
ôұĹٻ˵ģٺõĳﵹǺ׼ȷ
˸˵
ߴɨһȦ̵ٲŭԱĴһֱߣĲá
Ӫг˵ѹ·һСľͻ㣬ѹĴ
·͵͵һһƤñϴźɫ߹˵ӣұȷʵұĮǿ׳ҹӾͻѺݵִֻҪǺʹʵϣһͬǣȪˮرȻֵ
һᵽӣӵʱ˼֡
ǲôӹԲżҪȪˮعƵġ
˭֪ȪˮؾȻֻѿеĹͷιδ˵ɳȥĳȻҲԷɵˡ
һʱ׼Ȫˮصı
ԼʾΧȪˮôãȻûй³ǣҲȪˮزٱ
ֻҪٸԼʱ䣬Ƴǣ
ɺ޵ǣʱȻѺݵĻӴˡ
Ȼģ
Ӱ޲ѣȴƫƫ޷˵ʲôѪ
һȺʮȻصóǳأ
Ŵ˴ҲʮǰôΪβȥأһ
¹λӵìܣ˸ҽӻ
ңӸƣһֽϵľ̳򷭣ȵҪǺãȥ
ΨһӪ֮δ뿪
ͬڱĮ̵΢΢ݵüۣ˳Ȼ㣬ȴǴұˡ
Įһ򿴲ŪīĴұˣǼ˹ģӹţر߹ص˾ͽӣϧȴұĻʵŪˡ
񣬱ĮѹûѴұ߹صĽÿһֻҪһļƣԷͻᱻ˵ܿʳͰ͡
ӦҲ⡣
ֻһҪĿɲʳô򵥡
ˣ·͵ʵлߣ
ñ˿һƢӾȻѹסлֻҪӡ
ӣȻ־ȪˮأӽȪˮøӱǡл˵
Ӷɳˣл֪Լ˵ʲô
Ȼ֪Զͷ𣬷·ʱҪɱ˰ӣлԵƵᣬӾôܹȪˮأ
һ˻⣿
ӣȻȪˮֻˣѹɳĳԱԷ˵ʲôлƽķʡ
һ˼۾һĪǻ
л΢΢һͷ٩٩̸ȪˮءغعأȪˮҪͬʱҲѿеĹͷܹƴ˳ǹȻȻô߿һǹƣַܹƣôսֻҪۿۡ
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Ե棿Ӿһ
лЦ
ҹѺݸոյִͽӵӳ˵Ϣ
־Ĵӷ·˵ͷһˮʱɵˡ
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һࣺ֣Źعսʱǰ֧ԮȪˮѾҴ᧿ΣʮƳǱȻڻ£ˣֺα˷ѱöʮصĳǳأŶԣȪˮ˶ûˡĪǾԼʮҲȡʤ
ӭӼ񣬱Įɫһһס
ֱǽڻϿ
䣬ɨء
ǲϣԺסʱ뿪
䣬ֵֻҪɣʱ֧ԮعصıСܡСܱ֤ڱȻȪˮأ
ڣһʱ˼
ӵɫԷαӸĶˡ
ȪˮرֱͳǣĹܹͣã
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Ȼ֣Сȥ֧Ԯˣӳһȭתȥ
ʮ룬ʮפ
ͬǣʮӡ־Ҵ󷽻гݡ
ڴӿƳǣֻգһձɽȪˮУ
ȥһҹһ繥ǣӴһӣİٱ
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ĸ˧ӪʰҪҪ
ƣҪ
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δ䣬ѾĻ⣬ٲȻѾպ˰ա
ݣ
һ˷ߴﹾĹԼǰڵ˵ӣݡȫչˣ

640 յʱǰ

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ŵǸĮʿ嶶ɸſڵϲ̧ͷӣô찡ûˡ
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ⲻǿռĹܡҪǿտաƲûкԿտյĹ͡
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ԺҪʱעռ̳ˣһʲôʱ˺öԼ˶ϧ
տգҲüû뵽տô
ռտմضڳߵɫβˮ档
ƿտǇNɪӣǳ˳飬ĬĬת˻⣺ңղΪβûѴӴɱˣ
˵
ҰɱĮʿţ֣ôȫԽԷס
ȴᣬ֮˳
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ҼһԻ󣬱͵ӺӸʮǣȪˮؾеķ⡣ǣλӶֻ̣һλ뿪Ӹʾ뿪ӴʱˣӺܿɱǹͷӹܴµʮǶʮǣȪˮرƣ
ʮǣȪˮض᧿Σ
ǶʮȪˮʿ
ⲢԼ־硣
ʵϣ֮ǰĮ˺ģϧһд۵ͷȥǣֻȪˮҲᱻơ
ֻĮҪӮƯŸǴϢĻᡣ
ƶԾ°붮ôһ˵֪ϵ
ղǸŭģѪˣһʱòˡҲùˣƻ˱ɣ뵽ռջݣЦü䡣ͨĻյĲһСݰˣͷͱˡϾɲô˷ʳ˰
ҿֹ۵ӣЦҡҡͷƣյʱҪǰˡ
ţʲô˼һ㶡
һͷĮӪķһۣ̾˿ûݣֻѡһ˱ǹǡӱΪ˾ô˱ڼ֮ǰӺ͵λȫޣһӰ챱ĮĿѡֻܹǣ
൱ƸۡˮһսЩšԷûݣϾҲʮȪˮصס
ǿ뷨ҲҪסȪˮءһ죬ĮͶһӣǴսǣ
򴽣⼸Ķȥڼ㣡
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Į󣬱ȻἯ׼ǡ
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صȪˮسǽ⣬аӦ
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ʲô𣿡ԴЩԺŤͷȥԱߵˣȴֶԷһֵĵɴ۾Զ
ȪˮصϾȻһƬѹѹڱƽ

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ʱɢǸʿ۾۾໵һɤӽ˳ϮϮĮ˴ˣ
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Ϊǰܰٴھдг˷ͷǷҪ¼Ȩ⽫ӡ
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ĴʱǸ˵˽иϢҹֵʱ򿴵ͨ죬ȺǱˮˡ˵׼ݶչأ

641½سҵ

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˵ʲô͵תͷ˫ܰٴ
ܰٴԵգ۾ظ˵иϢҪ潫ҹĮӪŻˣݱˡ
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νĿһɨԼ󵽵ģЩ
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ܰٴϢųű۶ıĮǼð㺹ȴϾá
ﱼڶ涼ڲ·Ҫضһ㡣
ܰٴܿΪ׵ıĮıʱ죬¶ƵݣͶ䣡
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˵ԭȪˮн˿ڣΪսµԵʣ˶ټǨˡ
İҪôǼҾƶûȥҪô񰢾ݵϰ尢Ȫˮġ
ȪˮıĮƣսĲʿİա
ʾﱼڵǾʯɳڵĳһʱȪˮصֻöĤ졣
ʱŮٶ˯оѣ߳ţңң
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СоԼضԶ̧ͦͷģСһüңһשᶪ
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˿ֻЦЦɱУŶɱ֪ǺسǵĽʿǾҪܵУ֪Ǻ󷽶ݹӦ㱱ĮƳǣҲ׼ҪǾȪˮպʿҪ
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аͷð亹ĸ˼
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һ𼱣С㣬֤Ҷ򵽡ֻΪ˷ֹ˶ڻÿλ͹ÿֻ档ҲϣС汻̶ˣԼ򲻵ʳԲӰɣԻϣҶ⣡ǻɤӺܴ˵ʱЦݿ䣬ʮϲ
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ټԲСһұ֤ձȻôҿֶ飬Щ̤ʵ˲٣ָӰֵַ
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Ǵգ˽ϼܳŵ˴ӵٴθ֡

646 Ϊѡ̫

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һԣС˸һźţһĻ֦ӹһӲһʿʲʣҪҪЩˮ
аĬĬ˺ܾãĸԺһ֦ԸС֦ƿٿĸµȥ˺̵Ҷӡ
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ĸÿһ˲ȱаӲͷƤ˵
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գ˰壬ԸȰݡӺζӻһҲûϵ巿ǱҪʼˣǿʼӵĴװװѡһģҪۣʽЩҪߡڴСȰһ׾ŵĸͷףһװĸͷʮףһװ˵ĸͷʮףһĸͷʮףһ߸ͷס
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ϾҪڶ̶һʱ׬ȥĮӪȻһȦ֣ҪȡһЩ취ģ

648 в

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Сĸ˵үڱӷӺ׬
ǾͳСļˣ׬ǮһЦŵ٩һ䣬ʰСš
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ʱĻƿţûȼŽдҽȥվſڴһϢ
ζʽҵνףһЩϡĵζƷӦоУҶҽΪµ꿪ţؾٰһմγմеʳĶ벻ھƹṩҶһ⽫ֻϺ;ǹӦļóʹãǰʮɻ÷ĽңǲˣĲƷԴԼȥ
Сɤ͸ҧ͸һϲ쾢
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һ߷Сƻһߴĸ˵źãúð־Ŷӵ˳򣬵ʱͰźϵ˳кšõź˿ԲŶˣԸμӳմȥζ㶫ȻȻ˰ȥ벻ھƹݲμӱҪңҪֻҪźڣͿ϶ʳֻһΣ²Ϊ
СƵĻõź˶ʱȾζܡ
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һжɡ
һƷкСһߣȥƹݿ
֮ǰԤϵṩʳģ׼Ѳȴؼҵܶ˲μӱ˾ƹݵʱ򣬺ƷԼСѲȵĺ

649 ֽ

벻ھƹݴʱΪ½ŵĵطûˡ
ϵ£ﵽ⣬ƹģȫˡ
ҺúƴС䣬ǴӺԺģҪȻֻŶȥ
࣬ȴһҡҶعأԼĺ룬ȴžƹƹĽкš
ÿμӱʱ򣬱Сưѯ˻ȲˣҪЩʳģȻһһͳھƹܹṩʳģҲȫֿдһŴֽ˳Ҳ鿴
Ȼȴ˺ܶ࣬ڴҶġĲ˵ǽŵЩʳģ⣬㹻Щϰյˡ
ȻҲ˺ƾٰմڣϾƽϰղμӣҲʲôζ
ÿ⣬ƹݵƹͻǾͻЦеĴΪĮȺӣȪˮذյ¡ҾٰⳡմҪһ´Ļʳôֺֺ֮⣬ߴңǰսʿԡѪսںҲϺȣһҪȵģҪңԼѼﶼչ˺ˣǰʿǰģ
ⷬ˵ĺʵûʲôԣȴοָж
ʱôƽϰ룬Եģĸǽ
ʵϰҲǲжġǰ˵췴һβǰѰձƵĺˣҪҪ˵ʱŻȲһ֣
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˾ƹƹͻƵĻμӳմİ׷ױʾǶǸˣİɣǿ϶ҵģ
ǣǶҵĶݣһСֻ¶Ҫˣ˵Ļҿ϶Ҫģ
ǲǲ֪ôˣҲΪǺأ
˵˵ţ˱̲סп˭Ա˶ӻأҪǶҵһģϰյӾͺù
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Եƹṩֳ³õ⹩ʱ򣬺ܶ˶ѡ˰ˡ
˺һҲһҷţζǧٹ֣øƷ˴ֵСѾͷҪˡ
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СѾһڲ裬Ĵͷİɣգҵ̾أ
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ǴһάְСʱʱ䣬˸߳ṦڱĮӪﴩ󼸸ˡ
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ЩͲǺҪĵˣѾЩȫȨ˾ƹƹȥ죬Լųԣ֣˷ܵĵȴһͬҹ̽ĮӪ

650 Ե̫ţˣ

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šҲǡԹڼҵҡ§ס°͵ͷϣﰵ̾Ϣһĥ˵СѾͷԼǺ޲ðĶţ

655 

Ƕ׳Լ֪ϢҲûжͣ뿪˾Ӫ
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лǾһ紵ݶܾѡ
뵽ƲЩͬԵ׻лӵаڵӪ֮Уֻû˯һյİȾɣ

656 Ȧд

ͬͬ飬»Ҫġ
ȡ׼õֽϢķϣȻһۻڽ䱸еаƿȥˡ
аٴ޷Զֹл֮ȥ
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⼸ԼҪСЩˡ
Ӫް㶯аŻۡ
ɸձ۾ȴӪƺﲻף͵֮ȥ
ֻһϳԼƽչõĲˮ֮⣬Ȼһֽ
аͫ׶ȻһкȻ
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ĪǸղʱͽģַҲ̫˰ɣԼֽŶûһ𣬸ոպϣȵİѿصöô׼
Ȼ˸֣
аԼǲڱĮ̫ˣұĽеѽڣ
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СɣһʿȻûôԣ˵
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а룬ֵͼ³ԼʱҲܸϵʱӿ϶ӭӡĸͼ³ǴµɱЧá
ΪĻţں˵Ҫɱͼ³ʱ˶Է⣬ѸԺѵӦԷ
ףҾ֣صͷ
а̧һۣĸأ²Ϊȫˣ
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аŲһ٣Ȼ·ûͷҲص뿪ˡ

657 ʷĴ̿

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һַ˿ԼԼǱҪĸо
ĺůأ
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ֻǾаСǱڵз˶Ӣۣʱ̵С΢Ļţûһܹɾ裬̫ˡ
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뿪ǰлźۼĳСֵķһۣŲ֪ĸ֪֪ͼ³Ϣ
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˵ڽʿӭӣʵϴӴ߳˴Լױͣס˽ŲȻңңͼ³Ĳսʿӽ
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һΣͼ³һʿȫǲĺ֣óǸӵĴ໥ϣ϶һȪˮء
ľ㿴ӭˣңңӵʱͼ³ʮ⣬ͷĶ˵
ľͼ³ʮӥǼֱһޡ
üȴͼ³ĸף˵ԵЩ𺡣
ۿ˿ԶĴӣľһôԶ֧ԮӭǲӦõ𣿡
ľҪסǴӣͼ³õѵ
ľ˵ˣȴмƲƲ졣ΣǸͰûм̳бĮλϣҲ֪ΪƫƫҪѹͰϣ
ͼ³֪ӶԴԼЩһֱʹ̫ȴûеõʲôر
Ƕȴ֪ԼܹΪʵʹӵĴҲһĹϵ
ֻҪʹӵĵλһ첻ҡǱĮͻǲӣ̫ѹǡ
սʿҪǸĲ䷢ͻʤҲԪˡ
Ҫڲ֮أҪ㹻ǿ
ڵĲ䣬ԶԶ
ԣűĮӻʱ򽫲䷢չ׳
ľ̫ᣡ

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˵˵ţҵɫԽԽѿԽԽС
˵Сĵʵôˣʲô𣿡

660 ̿ˣƱ

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Ǹ𣿡СѾʵȻһǸҸô࣬Űͷͦģ20ǸСӣ𣿡

662 

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ͰװǺͣζĶ͡ͺͶһƹƹ˵޵֮ɫǶĥĵζƷûζʽΪ˸лһóָҳ࣬ÿ˾ܷһ㣬һڻȥȡװ͵ĶȻŶ졣üҲüֻҪģ϶зݣ
һܷ׷׽кá
ƹݵĶҾǴ󷽣⼸նһٺôˣ
ѵĶãȻʮֿġ
Ϣ棬ϲ˶ܣȥ˸
ܿҽƿƿ޹ޣưȼһ¶Ŷӵŷ͡
ƹݻøõĴףÿ˶Ҩһ׺͡
Ա߻վ˸ƣͣĶЩŶӵŷͺѾֵ͵˵˵ˣͣãǧܷڻϼȣ˳ܵģȻˣҲûɶôǧǣ
˸ӾⶫϸܵǸˣ
һýȥˣöˣҲʡš˵˵͵ζĶãĶã˵˵˵ĺˣ͵ģǻƽĻǡ
иշֵ͵ȲʵժЩҰˣûؼҽȻһ˵в
Ȼԣ˵Ǯʲô˿Ҫ˵ģٿɲУЦĴ
ǲܣǶƣ˭ƭˣ˷˸ģȻʢ͵ܡ
״ֵ͵ҲûͣҴҵȥˡ
Ŷӷ͵˺ܶ࣬ڽϹ˼䣬ԶԶͷ
Ϊ˼ӿٶȣƹƹֶƷͣͬʱ֣ٶȶʱ˺ܶࡣ
Ͱգ۷꣬ϱͰ͹״ЩŶӵ˸Ӱģõҿ϶Դ㣬õŵԼʱûˡ
˴Լһӣ뿪ӷ˻˵ͰСˣѾˣĶ˵
ƹƹֳķָָλ룡
ƹݺԺиķ䣬˷Լͽ渺¼
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ͷһЩŶӵ˶ˣ޲ͻؼˡЩõ͵Ҳһ̲ͣܣԼȱһ
һͰͰͱ̧ȥСѾ۵ĲУ㣬Ҫ֪͵ȱҿ԰㰡αذЩͰ׸ȥأﶼ˷ˣ
͵÷ѾĲˡξϰǳʡЦŽ͵
Ϊ͵ζʣעܴۡ
ѰռҰ÷ͣˮŵΡ
СѾ΢΢죺㣬Ҷûźɶζأ

663 ˣ

СѾһﲻƽίģЦŹһıӣ鼦úó
СѾʱлʣ㣬ΪʲôҪղһӰ
;ǲҪǮ׸ģڻӡֻ±ľƹݶҶЦɵġ
СѾʣƵЦЦڲſãǸӵӾͳȥժҰˣĵҲƾɣɼҾáһҲʲôȴӸһ¡
ȻľȼżԣȴȥռϾӻҪŸأ
ɨһ֣ѾֻƣԽԽ졣
տռض˦βڳ˼ء
ˣѽտպóأĿտջĺƵƨ
ԽԽԻĿռˣҲû취
ƹߴһ׺ͣ˻õϢŶӵԽԽ࣬һ𷢶̫ˣųȥء
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ǰʱ˲ûʲô顣
ϾƴͺشʹûиλֱӱԹҲԷͷ

ǸëͷСӣ˻Լˡ
ʵϣԼš
㵵ĿžƹƹָָԼıӣң
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ʵϣɸΣ벻ھƹݵĶҶա
༸λѡĳʦҲûɵźƣȻнǺܷ
ЦЦȻǸɫζԼ˿ζĴˡ
ûд̫ͳȻǲܷڵġ
̧ƣƣ֪˿ɷһҸղĲˣ
Ҫ󡭡еˣ
Χ۵˳򱧲ƽɹһͬģܾʸ
ǣû˵Լա
ǵˣ䲻𣡡

Χ۵İǶ˺ƵĶݣԻһߵƫ˵
ֻǣЩʵû˵ϰ
ƳƹΧ۵İ΢΢˸ӱʾлȻЦ̧˸ѹĶʾҰ
Χ۵İʮϣ˵ˡ
ллҵֺ֧ͺ⣡ЦĳһлȻ󻰷һת˵ҪҲ֣СŮӲţԳȷʵоȻҵһҾӳˣ
˵ţָ̧Ϸŵӣղǵĸ˵İɣ˿ģ
ǣȻʶԼĲˣ΢΢°ͰȻ
϶ڹŪ飬ŶԷ˵Ȼ
һֻҪλ˺ǣ˵ˣôһ棬ȻҪݺݽҴԷöԷˣ
ԭܼ򵥡
һûлΣûӣҪһسӣ
ڵľ¥ԭ벻ھƹݾǾϵԴƹݿҵڵľ¥⣬ȻͲøƹĨڣöԷŴ󼪡
ֶ⣬ۿźߵԼĲǰۿƷȴŶԷ
ԳʮλʦĲˣÿ˵ɫС
Ϊ˱ʾ棬߹ȥϸۿһºˣȻÿӺ͵Ʒһ顣
¿ӣͱ˵ʵˣ

664 ĸ

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ɫЩÿʱޣ˵ȫ͸ҲҿڣҲ˸߰˰ˣ
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𼱣˵ţָ̧ߵǵеļ⣬ѡĸɣ
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ͬʵ˲ЩΧ۵İҲЩúʺѡǲĸеͷ
Ĳأҡҡͷֳǰʮӵ˼£һڶʮ˾ѡʳģλû⵽ĸķֱ̫źˣ
λ֮ûΣҲΪѡȡʳĵʱ˴
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ĪҪ֡Ҿ뿴ʳ١ЦЦתӶѡʳһоɣҿѡȡÿһʳĵʱϸѡѡʱ򡣡
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˵ţĹһСߵʮǰǸϵĹһЩþƹݻƽ˵Χ۵İǰƷ
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ɾƵķ֮ǳˣּĿڸȷʵһ
أļоеϣ
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Ҳ̺óԣ֪ʮϵĲ˭ģɻΣ

Щ˵ĻɫѿĽҲ˲١
ѰתͷȥҪЩ˵ǲǾƹ͵͵ŵģλҪԼ
ǿȥȴ˵ЩסĶĶУиһǾȥԼ¥˵ģȻܱ
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ǻƴ
ʵϣƴҲɻʮϵĲ˵ǳԺ֮֡ԼĲԼϵóģΪһϳʦĲƷЩ覴Ҳſĳ
˵ûȷʵѡ˼⡣ùĸȲϣʳľѾˡ
ǵʮϵҲû⣬ǵеļòϸ壬Щʱˡ
ֻǿóƴ˵ƣϾҲίûҪʱͷͬС
˵ҲɻΨһ˷ܵ˫ֶҪˡ
ԼģԼĲˣ˵Ŀ϶˵ĺֿ˻ǿŲûʧ̬
ΣﶼˣЦ˵Ҳѡʳĳ⣬ҲԹһЩüⲻۻҪǣζҲ̫Щı⡣
кβףǸ·˵Ļã˵ԼŶˣʾ
Ҳǽ²ı߹أһǷ־ܵҵ׷
ں˻һЩԽЩ˾ԽϲԼôʲôԡ

665 Ӻ۸

ԣƲЦҡҡͷǵóôһЩҲνĪҪγմľҪÿˡ˿϶Ҫϵİˮǰ߱ģôǿڸظңˮǰȲҲƫ൱ˣĪֻ𣿿ƫƫļֲ嵭塣ԻһԵĻһûа취߷أ
һ˵оݣĺ޷
òϣԼȫˣڸȷʵظ
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˵ҪȻ͸˰ɣǸղ˵̬ȼΪǿӲԼô˵ǰź˵˲˵档
ƶź𴽽ǣذ˴Ȼǻ˭ҲվҿԵһĲˡ˵ʵʮĲˣΨлƴ͸˲׵ʮ֮߰ˣë
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ⷬ˵ĺشƿԣϻĴ
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ϵĲǺģҾͲ˵ˡϵĲ˻һ㣬ȻѡˣζֻǻյĲ̫ãⶼˣȫû۵ĿڸС

ܿ죬˻ƴͺĲˣƽѡĲȫһ
ԴϬû˿棡
Ǽλһһףаˬ棬ԼҪĪ浱Ӻ۸

666 ׳󣨶

ûɺƵĵ
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Ŷˡ˵ţͻȻͷ򺫴һˣҸղĹˮǰɳˣ뺫
ǫ飬ʵȴڽľ

667 ׵

ղžƹݻƸΧϰշֲ˵ʱ򣬺˱ûƷ˺Ĳˡ
мһ֣֪ûС
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˵ţֻסҵͷڶԷǰһ
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ʰȴ̲סĹĵĽ·Ȫˮһߡ
һʱ򣬱ԷĴ߰ģ쳯Լ˹˵ңҾӦôϵң

672 ĸϢ

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Եıס˹ĺƣ͵̾˿
Ʊ㲻˼ĵͷ˵Ҿ˵˵ѡȪˮص´㻹ûĻҿȥ𣿡
˵ţڴİͷֻ峺Ĵ۾һգһգĿңĶˡ
һᾡģ˵
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ڶϢǣں̵Ӱ£̵ļ۸Ҳָ˸ԭļ۸񣬳˾ϸԹһ㣬׻Ǯһ
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ӳסˣƺû뵽ԼСʦþȻҷԼĻ
ŨüšӵĶźƣƺڽ˸Էʩѹ
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ٱЩʮáΪ˵߲嵶ΪһŵԿ
ԣڵ֪ټһ˹ʱȻûбʾԣȴΪ֣صĸƷ˺ܶףҽЩ˽а
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ĹУ˵ơӢ۴ĺ߹ˣ¡½СŴѩǡСɵѰ
ǰȺˡҲ̫Զ˰ɣ

673 Ǵͷ

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ƺŲǱ壬ָ޺ȭʮһסȭڽ
ң޺ݣ˫۱˵ıԳһЩȻûдﵽ˵˫۹ϥǸزԶԶȥȷʵһֻԳ
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ǺǣаȺ˰Ȫˮصʲôˣ
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ţǰͽܺͲģ
ȻˣԼҲظԷˣΪԼˣ

674 ȥô

һܣƽеľƱطϡ
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㻹ûԷɣҪҪԵҹк
аæ˵²ĸѾЩʿٺˡ
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675 ̽ĵ

ʳĸůЦݣаһʱ֮Щ㱡
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Űԣƽ̽Ц˵ĻЩġҵȻ
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ĸаƻ̸
ʵϣʮλʿԷΪ
һţͽܺͺ󱲣һǿţԸȪˮصˡ
ԶԣţͽܺͺܵȫţҪ˳㻹úϾһҽĻ䣬гһսȷѪĽѸٿή
ĸԸǰĽˣаӦøͼ
ֻǣЩû¶֮ǰаҲ޷֪ͼıʲôΨзԸĸİȫԷһ
аķ˼ĵͷ
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һҪԵɣ
ڶҪǵжṩһб
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˵ЩҧгݣȻǶκҩʱʮʹޡ
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680 ӲԻƲ

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ˣҼףûɶɣʯһæеƵ˸
ƻعʶԼŵԷ򸾣æջ֣ǸЦ˼ղһҪǸҵϣʯŮף岢ûκ⣬ȫҪӣһʱ֮Щɻ󡭡
ɻʲôͲü˵ˡ
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˼ͬʱڣ˵̲סһۣȻƿ
״̲סЦû⡣Ϊλ԰˵û⣬Ҳô˵ġ
԰У
ʯºףԪԼͬԷ㣿
ɺܿ죬׶Էô⣬ǸԼһ
Ŀԣ˸
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ҰĶ˸ϱ֪֪
ϣߣȻǺݺݵıȥ
£ҾͲλ滹ЩϹŰ壡
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ʯԭǸҰҺޡˣʱ⿪ĽᣬȻһٸ˳ۡ
һٷԵñ
ʯ»ԸµıʾҪȥ㶨ˡ
ʯ㣬֪ĺ⡣Ҿ»ǲҪǿˡƿЦžܾʯµİæΪĿǰֻʣңĿĲֱһױŪˡıƣܿʵ䷴óԼĳ򶯶Է
գ˱Գ޺׼ʱҽݵĴš
ҽֽá
ڵֵ֪ʱ̲ס²һٱ顣
ղ²ЩʱǺ뿴ʦֻӳҽǷʦ洫
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һȫѧͽһץҩһûз֮ЩҽݵĲˡ
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ʱ޺ǻӳ
Ǵ޺һ˵Ĵ磬ܲǣԻӳŻԽӴ
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ôϷʲô޺üʵ
ӳ룬˵ǰɫӰ
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ӳæЦҡͷȻǡҽǳʵڿǰ⡣ǰĪҪ֣
ҽǳߣҽǳĻʲôҽݣͲҽ𣿡޺鱾ΪƼĴЩ£˭֪ȻԼȼ̫ˣ
ȴʮ㣬ҽеÿ˶ʮ
һʱ֮䣬˵Ŀⶼ˹
ӳɼˣæǰ԰꣡ҽݻǸɺã

681 иƫ

޺Ƶ̧Ƥ˻ӳһۣڻӳĶᵽɤ۶ʱŲĵ˵ͷҲã
ӳ˿Цǰ롣
һĬĬԹ۵ĺƾʮ档
ӳһ濪ʼλʦ־һֱһģԼΪԷ̰壬ȴû뵽нһ档
ʲô̵ͣʣڶʦԼŲöԷ˼ɣ
ֻӳⷬ˼עҪ׷ˡ
λ֮󣬶һۣ΢΢ҡͷԿ޺ë
ӻӳɫЩѿˡ
ɫλ򽻻˸Ȼ󰵵Ŵ޺飬˼Īλǰҳӵģ
޺鱧űƾ΢΢ޱȵĵλϳʲô𣿡
λǰӳһ£ʵʵ˵ˡ׾δǰкβסǰʮֽ
֮⣬ɴ޺ûҲ硣
޺̲סЦһƺ͵ͽܶôƱҽƤӵǺ
ƺͣӳһ㶣û뵽ԷȻ֪Լʦ֣Ϳһ£㡣
¿ȷ϶Է϶ǹŵˣҶԷòƸԼʦĹϵôã
ǣȷûпԷʲô⣬Ǹʦ棿
ôһ룬ɫЩÿǰ˵ЦˡʦѧҽأȻûʦҽΪҲмֱ£߳ȥ򲻻ᱻ˵ӹҽֻǲ֪ǰĲʹںδɷϸ˵˵
Լ˵ˣҪǰ޺ߣӡ
ӳǺЩ²̨㹣Ųӵв֢ģ˶ȣĪǵƾ֪Էȶˣ
ҲϳѪ˫ɣ޺鷭ۣСĪΪͷʲôĺŪң
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λǰԲȱ첲ȣɫ󣬿ģǲë
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ӳŭ𣬵ʱȴõ淢ֻóԴ޺˸ơ
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ŻӳȪˮΪս¼վģ޺ɫԻ̧ͣƤĴ˶Էۣ׿޵ģҲûжʦ
ǰˡӳ졣
ʵϣͲԸȪˮؿҽݵġ֮Դ˹ҲΪʦҾǰ죬˽ŴСʦ뿪Σ֮أ
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ӳôæ˵Ȼû⡣ֻǣ֪ǰкβף
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ѵҩɣ
û뵽Сʦ³çȻֱӸ˼ҿ˵ơβãθλǰЩˣǺǵģ
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һ˵½ʦ졣
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ֱ׳뷨ŲӶԴ޺˵ǰʵȾͨήĸЧҲ󡣡
Ŷ޺üͷ΢㵽ʲô˼
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˵ţڻӳԼ֮ǰ˵ʦ֣ƫ鲻飬㲻˵жϡ

682 ӳ

֪Լҽˮƽ޷ŷпռ֣޺оṩƷڻ¡
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ɿĽռоṩƷ˵˳ȻʾҩﶼУΪǰãľҪʦֳˡ
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ǵ˰죬ӳû˵
еˡ
Ī򲻻ģ޺ܲˬü
˵ĶʦֿģҸղԼϺȶҽ˲Զˡ޺ԻӳһĶûУﶯ˻ĵͷ
æ˵ȻҲǻġֻҶʦԼˣұȽϷġ
һ˵һ͵͵קקӳ
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ʱӳڷӦˣ˵Сĵã˵ƫʦУǲͷΪ
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ݣ޺ҲнλˣƺƽαضԻӳһСɫ
Ҳϣֵ̫æԲ˳öƵʱ䡣
ҽձȥ׼ҩģտʼǰơʦ֣տʼÿϾͷˣ
ӳ΢΢ףû⡣
ղźѾ˵һ飬ַѣҪΪô޺˫Ⱦҩȫգ֮ѪٽѪҺѭҩĵЧ
˴Ƶصҩϡ
ȻӳҪƫЩҩģŴ޺棬ټеİЩ档
ⲻ֪Խţ޺Խǿ
Ҳ޺ôǷģ
ǿæĻұҲһġеƫϷһйС»ǲڻµġ޺Ȼ˵
ӳĿȻǺ죬һʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲôã޴ơ
Ҳû뵽ǰƢֱӻ𱬣಻ɳӣȻ˿ʦӡ
ֻǴǰҲΪƽȻҪ졣
˻ӳһۣЦ˵ǰˡҶʦֺԸΪǰģǲǣʦ֣˵ţӳ
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Ӵ޺ǽкպȻ˸СʦӡĪСʦûʲôصݣ
Σһε¶ûӳԺĹۣߴ޺֮Ժ˵̬Ҳࡣ
лСʦڴǰǰԡӳһĵл
ЦЦʦֿˡҲóģԻʦֶġ
Ȼӳһ֮Щֹ
˵ǽˣΪܲ˴򽻵
ЩһԲϾͺɱĽ˾͸ҳ㷹Ƶġ
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Ϊһҽߣн򲻿ɴʴʣᡣ
ȻѦҽĳ⡣
Լʮֵİ޺ȣҲֱӶԻӳ˵Ϊ֪˵֮϶ᰤӳĽѵ
ԼʦְԼСʦùأ
ôһ˵ӳ΢΢ͷʾСʦġǴǰʦȻ취ЩʦҲʶ˲ˣػôǰӵġ
ãǾͶлʦˡ׶Էĺ⣬Ҳ˵ʲôֻǺЦл
صԺ֮󣬺ƱͣĿʼ޺ҩ
裬ͨήôꡣ
Ǵ޺ڹֻ˫ͷˣߣ
޺Ȼ磬ʵ·ѾһΪʹ£һʹȫƾ־š
Ȼһ޺ûжκ˵
һΪ޺ҩʵ˲Ѫ
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ʱڽһҩĽʣһСޡ
ŨǾ
һСҩˮҩζŨһھ˾ͷͣһѪĳ嶯
Ҫᣡ
ⲢҩˮζжΪҩ̫㣬һʱ֮ղˣԲҩ󾢶ҪѪйһ
ƽǹҩˮܷãԱȥá
ɫ΢ȻѾţǰĵȴġ
ҽǰŵ⣬һΪ˸·ָԼλãҽڣмҽ
ţƲһ䣬иӳּ˼֡
ƢΣʦȷʵһϸҽߣʦķ緶
ʾСǰţŵһҽݻơ
ˣһֱأҽݻƼƺڵ˵
һߣһ˳ʵǰ𣿡
˰ˣںԺдšǻƴ
ǰȻѾˣ㶣ʲôʱˣ
ǵԼˣĪǿʱ䣿
Ϸˣڻʱ޺ԶԶӺԺ

683 ҪϷˣ

Ϊ޺Գݣ϶ŵ
ʵϣƻǵ͹ȼԴ޺Ӱ
޺һһҹʱģ͵źƸϽԼҽأ
˺ƣ޺ߵһʱеСϣõҩ
ǣ˵ţСӷŵϡ
޺״̲ס΢΢üСҩĻЧ
֮ǰϣж󣬴ʱеĵǾж
Ҫѯ䣬޺ֵԼ¶Ц
ȻʱƶԻӳ˵ʦ֣ҩҩٸݴǰһҩ
ҩ
ҩôһСӣ
޺ǸԼȭͷûٵҩޣüͷšһˡ
ԱߵĻӳɫѿĴ޺飬̲סʹɫʦãСҩǿڷİɣ㲻˵ǰҪҩԡ𣿡
ȵҩǰƲҪڷҩʦ۾ôˣ𣿡Ƽӳһգۣеһ䡣
ӳˡ
СʦûԼİҲͰˣôֱʳأ
⻰Լôӣ
ʵƾǹôʵġ
ôܿ޺ɫԣʦһɣ
ûмЧ֮ǰ˵ʲôֻҲ޷ô޺ͶʦԼ
Ȼˣʲôý͵ģֱӿʼƲˣһʵ˵
ƲɫĴ޺ͻӳԿʼ˵ҩԡעҩÿ֮һˮֱûϥǣõȴʱΪ˱ˮԡͰ·𡭡
ҪϷˣ޺̲̿סԡ
ԼԡͰ
ⲻǰԼ
Իӳæ͵ǰˡʦ֮˵·ҲΪҩ֮ӰҩЧˮҩҺϡͣͬӰЧ
ǰȲأҩҺ빻ȲЧƺЦ
޺ƣɫ沢ϷŰ֮⣬Ű˵ԭˣϷˣ
ܿҽݻƱ㽫ҩԡõԡͰͲ׼ãˮ
޺עԡͰȼյĲɫЩѿȻЩȥԼ
״Цʵּҩԡķʮֳвٲˣ庮Ĳ˶Ҫַڵĺ
ԭˡ޺ԣ԰
ǻӳŹֵĿ˺һۣ촽˶û֨
ҽô꣬Ҳôĸˡ֪СʦôĶٲô
޺ȻСʦõĻɫÿˣӳȻҲԼСʦǫ̃
ˮ΢΢ðҲͣʦ֣ҩζĳ壬Ժؽ޿ڷãҩЧʧҩҲûжˡ
ףʦ÷ģӳͷ
޺飺ǰȺһҩԡʱǰȿܻЩʣסĪҪ;ϡмǣ򲻿˹ֿ
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˵ߣͻȻŤͷǸҽݵĻƣƺã¶ȲɹߣҲɹͣ΢ΪѣܹؼһһСѴ޺ǰˣɳܲλǰŭ
ˣһῴûģҽݻظƽﰾҩЩ¶ģȻڻ¡
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ΪǵһΣΪԷһû뿪ѡȺ
ʱҽ˱ҽš
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ÿһ춼һһѧͽֵҹȻڶѧͽϢһա
˵ֵҹʵϲࡣϾÿҹҽλѧͽ԰ϢһҽݵĴ˵νֵҹҲһ
ֵҹϣʮ꣬óˡ
ΪΪʱ磬ϺƺͻӳڣϴȻϢ򿼽ͽܡ
ؽŤ˸úҩ
ơӺܺƤǴ̡㱴ĸɡ쳤ʮˣˮΡƴڡƲڸʮˣѹӢϻضǰݡɣ֦ʮˡӷ۵ɺ״ڻջҩһΣαȬ
ϴĵͷʣ˽ۣˣѪָΣ
ͽһһ۵Ĵ桢㡢ûҩľϡѪߡɰ꽪ȻͬǮǮΪϸĩÿ壬Ԫ¡
һԺҲ£ѯʵϴ򣬿ɷһЩרε˵ҩƣһЩֱҩࣿϾÿֿҩδЩ˷ʱ䡣
ԣϴЩãˣÿ˵֢вͬһŶۣ
һŶۡϴҵ˼вٵŤʵǲģҩƻҩֱԷǷܶࣿҲʡĲ֮Ҫץҩĥ󡣡ĵĽ͵
ʵλ沢ûҩƣֻҩƵĴ඼ɽϵԻҽĴȴҩƺܲмΪۿ֢֮ٿҩȽס
ƲҽݴҩҲԼı֮Щսʿԣȥصʹ
вʿ֮ѡţϾҽͨʿܹ浽ġ
ɵȾҽεʱ򣬺ܶ˵Ѿˣò²м
ҩƻ߱Яҩ࣬ЩʿͿȥһЩҪʹĥˡ
ֻϧĺãϴȴס
ˣϴ˵̣Ǵ򣡡

684 Ч

ϴΪƾһֻ֪ͭ׬Ǯˡ
ܿҽҲ׬ǮҽҲΪ˾ˡ
úͼҽ׬ǮʮֲµΪֱӿںǳ⡣
һ£ϴŭݲŷӦԷˡ
ϴҲΪˡƱֽͣߵĻȥ
ҩƺҩ໹ûƳЩҲû塣
Ʊһ߲˵ˣϴͦ翭Ľϣͽ˵Ϊҽߣģ굽Ǯ۶һҽҲа
굽Ǯ۶а˵Լ𣿺εĿЦ
һСɫ޷ޣƽûǷ˳ǮҽݿΪҽԺ˭ģҩĶģҲǷ˳Ǯģ
ҽǻģϴ͵һ£ǻҲ˵أ
СƲƲ죬˵ʲôȴֹˡ
ʵϴ˵ûֻǳǮԺӣðһЩҩģҽܿǻӳĹ͡
ûжʦֵӣЩ
ЦһƼͷҽʱһ¡պԼҽݣнƸ˴ЩҲ
ҹǰˡ
ãǿĻǱõĴҩ֤һƤܡ
һʼĽζɺͷһһСһ㡣
ˣ˯ɣСĵ˵
Ժҡҡͷãſ˯СҲϢɣ
˵󣬺ƱһſǰϿομõ˯ˡ
С״Сĵһԣ˯ԼĶһ
һߣϴƺӣ̲סüҡҡͷʦÿǡ˵Сڶ̧ˣֱǾֱֹɡЦ󷽣
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СԺɿһۣȻСˣˣ
ԴϰѾǸһ˯׶ѵŮˣҲĿ˯ᣬСһ˹
ʲôʱˣԺʵ
Сش𣺡ʱˡˣҸԺʹǰ˵
ţȥ򡣡Ժߡ
Сæϣ
һĻϴУаָƴһıǩ
Ȼ֪Լ˺ڣȻ֪Ҳ̫⡣
ˣڿѵ
ǽԪÿ˶ϲ
һһļƽϹȥֻ͵Ĺزˡ
Ժ޺ѾԡͰˣڸӳ˵
ƺСĽŲ޺ӭ˳ȥˣԺҵЩĸоǲҩЧˣ
šǸһ϶Ĵ𰸣Ȼʾ޺ݣǰҩԡ꣬ĪҪȥ
޺һĽˡ
֮󣬺Ǹӳ˽һҩԡȻŤͷʴ޺飺ǰ֮⣬о𣿡
е޺شЩģѯʵˣо𣿡
ԣԣЦиоǳЧˣԺЧԽԽõģ
϶Ļش𣬴޺¶Цݡ
ܴ޺鲻Ǵ򣬵ô꣬ԼȺ˽⡣
һ죬˫ʹ˵ƽҲӲģ͸о˫ȺԼһ
Ȼ飬Ȼôио˰ô޺жһεֶ˼ġ
Ϸ޺鿴Ƶľ⣬Ҳûжය뿪
ߴ޺󣬻ӳ㰴಻סȿ˵ʦãǸƫĶģЧĺܲϺȸȥ˸ҪᲡʹҲҪһƳ̵ҩҩЧȻ֮죬ֱ̫ˣ
˵֮󣬻ӳЦʶԼղ˵ʲô
ʦᣡûгҪƫ˼æ͵
ΪҽߣõķӱܵĲ棬ǺķӦȻ⣬Ц˵ʦ֣ʵǷӸҲ޷ֻǰϺȲ̫һֶҲͬǸƵĻҩĵıҪһ£ҷҲҪУͨܲסôǿҵҩԵġ
ԣÿ֢״һ϶һʦã˵ҪѷӸңӳͻȻӦ㵵źơ
ƺЦͷšⷽϺȻЧģڶʦܷӸá
˴󷽵СʦãӳͻȻЩζ
ӵʦ˵ԼСʦټһȥ߹صʱ˵ʵǲġ
ΪСʦþǳһʱ֮ܣûƣʱҲûȪˮسڿҽݣ׼Сʦôȥ
ԺŷСʦõľж󣬲ðլӣȻֿ¥ֿ̣Ȫˮˡ
Щ죬ִ߽Ҳ˲Ϣ
СʦȪˮصϵĸߣ˲ʵ£ûӳʮ־ȡ
Ҳ˵Сʦ벻ھ¥ҾѾΪȪˮصһ棬õۡȶ˵ǾͲһġ
ƽĶۣСʦú
ǣԭҪСʦߵĻӳı⣬İҽݿҪСʦõҪʲô
Ȼڿ¥ⷽСʦãҽ棬ԼĽ
һֱҽСʦûвʸ񣬿ʵȴݺݵĴ
޺ǰȼûҽõλûпʦȴóЧҩΰ취
Ҫǣʦû˽ֱҪҩ
뵽ӳԼģڨڨĲ֪˵ʲô

685 ҩƳɣ

Ƶûôֱ࣬˱ʽдеļζҩ
ʦ֣⼸ζҩȽѰﻹһЩ棬ͷҩӳЦ˵
ӳӹʱ¶֮ɫʦã㽫ҩң᲻ʲô鷳
ҩʦƺ͵ķ񣬻ʦõһλʦġܻӳѧϰҩͬѦҽĲ
˭֪ȴ˰֣ҵҩʲô鷳
ҩҩʦ㿪ģӳһ㶡
գգۣʵƫеġ˸ңҵ˰ɣ˶ʦ֣һһ
£ӳһһСĵĽҩ
Ʊ㿴һߵϴһۣҽﱸһЩרƵ˺˵ҩƺҩ࣬ʦ㿴𣿡
ˣѾ˵ˡ֢ͬһŶۣҽݲ㿪¥⣬ľƿԲʲô˶ϴɫѿĿ˵
û뵽ԼѾȷ̬Ժ˻һеĸˣڻӳ֮ǰڣΪľǵҪҽǮĿġ
ƺû뵽ϴô󣬾ȻֱӾͳԼˡ
ϴˡҪҩƺҩಢΪ׬Ǯ֮£ƽ͵һЩЯҩṩ߹صĽʿǣսʱһЩʹĥȻҩôÿʦλо
ȻǸ߹ؽʿǵģϴһ㶣Щŵһ䣺ģ
ҼҷƭʲôҼҷ˺ȱǮ𣿡СͿϴˬˣԿķʡ
ͷӻúܣ
ϣ۸Լҷˣ
ҪǷţСúʹԷһΪǵϴúһ¡
ڿ˵Ϊ׬ǮҲΪ׬ǮĻαƽȥЩʳ͵ζƷαط˼ṩʳľٰʲôմ
һƬģȴôᣬСĺΪƽ
ӳһϴС֮ҩζæԲ˵ʦȻǲȱǮġҪҩҩƲһ׵£ҩļǸ⣡ҪĻҪȷӦʲô֢в֢ػ
̸ҽط棬ӳŲپģ̸ͷͷǵ
һúҲԼǰֻǳ嶯֮һͷɾʵʩҪ䲻ϸڡ
ʦ֣ҽҲ㡣֪רƵˡ׻ֹѪķӣһ㣬ҿܷƳҩƻҩɺãƺϵ˵ܽҩƳЩʿҲЩࡣҩķ棬ʦֲطģȫˣ
˵ݶϣӳϴδЩȫˡ
ǻӳİӦʦģȻģֳҩֳҩʦֱȻȫҩҩ
ãұҩҩĹƵ˵ͷҲûٶය뿪ˡ
ӳԭİȫҪȥȴƾܾˡ
ʦ֣нڰбңͲϢǣƴСҹɫ뿪
ӳվҽǰĿ˵ӰڰΪһ壬̲ס̾һû뵽СʦýüȻؽϴ˵ģҶЩвˣ
򣬻ǵǹ׶֮ʱ˵ɣϴɫڨڨ˵ûӳⷬƺôԼЩ̣ӲĲϷ
ӳҲԣ̾˿ó֮ǰдƫű㳯Ժȥ
ÿһҩԶоףô˯žأ
һ磬ҩһҩı͵ҽݡ
ҩ˺ܾãѡרιѪ״ֹʹҺרε˴˵ҩƺרΪֹ֫Ѫҩࡣ
ԭΪʵãõĶơƤǴ̡ˮΡƴڡߡ컨ءȵೣּ۸񲻹ҩģûʲôϡҩ
⣬泵Ļм̳ҾƣǾȡᴿģƾʮָߣʺҩʹá
յ⳵ҩ֮󣬻ӳҲû飬ҽݵλͶ˽ŵоС
ӳһҽǳԵˣҲΪѰҸ淽ƫ߱ϱѰҽˡ
ÿճ޺֮⣬еʱ䶼оҩҩ档
̶գ˾һȦ꣬ȦصľͺèƵġ
ԭǹҪθ޺޸ҩģɼ֮ȴģһ
ʦ֣㲻Դõҩ֮û˯ɣƾȵĿŻӳݵʵ
ֱμʱǸͷһ˿Ļӳ˰

ʦֵͷˣ
͹ͺӲ硭ͺʮƵģ
ӳʱ˷ܣȥһץס˺Ƶĸ첲˳ĴԺߣʦã㿴ҽոҩ࣡
ҩôˣʮ־ȡ
ӳߵԼרҩӣױƵóСӣʦãҸҩĶǰǰһʮ֡еҩЧǺܺãҲױ棬ͱ̭ˡڻʣҩ࣬㿴ĸһЩ
˵ţӳСӵĸӴ򿪣Ʋ鿴
ҩζţɫҲںģžͺĳй
Сһҩ̲סű˺˼ζҲ̫ˣ
ȱ֤ҩЧζպĽǡƵǲаָͷ˿ȥһһҩڱ·ϸţȻͿĨԼֱϡ
С̲סһˣôͿҩأ

686 ҩ

޷ƵݸСһĵ
ⶼҩ࣬ûˣҲʲôӰ죬Ǵ̼һƤ
ңܲΪҩЧԼŤ˰ɣ
ҩζȻЩţͿȴ̫̼ƤҺܿһȵĸо
֪ʱӦ˴ĦٽҩЧա
ʦ֣ҩиù𣿡ʵ
У˵ҲɣҽݵĻСľᶫʱ򱻰һŤ˽ţҾͰҩСľˡӳһԼر˵۾˵ʱСľĽ׶ˣҩ֮ۿ׾ȥ٣ȻʱЩۣ֢״ԼᡣҽϰСľ·Ѿȫȳˡˣ˵ȻһۣȫӰ·
е
˼СŤ˽ţʦôϲصĺ
Ϊʲôеֻĸоأ
һʵҩЧáֻǲ֪ɴŶã
ŸǴĻһӦû⡣ڵܷŶûܱҩЧҪʱ̸֤£ӳʮ棬һѧģ
ָżϵļ̳ӣƵҩƣʱ̫̣ЧôҲҪһԺٿҩЧ⣬רιѪ״ֹʹҺмҩķ࣬Ҿͳ߳ҩ滻һ£ӦùЧ࡭
˵ҩӳĻԶһ˫ģɷ͸һɾ
ĻԼλʦֶҩĵãô̵ʱڲ͸ҩһԼļ⣬˵Ľҩڵҩ滻ˣԼ˺ܶɱ
򵥰
ֱҩţ
٩٩̸Ļӳ۾ͬڿһƶıذ㡣
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ЦеҡͷûûСʦ˵Ķԣ
˵öΪңӳɻȴûʳǼղŵĻ⣺СʦãҩĿǰû취֤ЧʺϴƣҩȴԿһЩֻǣ͵Щʿأ
ӪоӪĹأ͹ȥĶ
ҩеĶӪľҽëĻ˵ģ
ʦֲõ㸺ҩҸģ˾ְòãЦ˵
ӳԴϲãʦã㿴ҩʣʮ޹
ӻЩЯ㡣ͷҶһСƿ͹ɨһװҩĹӣǺ⣬ʦ֣ǳҩҩ١úƿ͹Ϳʼװװ١
ӳȻһҩĶˣ
ţҹһҩľȫˣҲһǧƿã΢΢ü룬ҾһҩĹˣʦ֣޸ĺҩҿҰҩϵҩ׼
ãӳñմĥõīʾд
ʱҩһֱû˵ϴ̲סһ
ƺͻӳϴ򿴹ȥ
ϴ£ӳʵ
ϴҲԼЩΣҩ໹ûȷһֱȽϺáҩǲǲò֮
Ȼûо֤ˡӳû뵽ô࣬һдҩһ˵ҩõҩĴͬС죬ҩЧҲӦò̫ࡣպ֤һҩЧãٶרһҲ١
ӳûϴ˼Ҳס
ЦЦֱʵϴԸʦֽҩңתֽҩ𣿡
ϴܱ֤Ὣҩ𣿡
ʱӳϴ˼ӻͿԾˡ
ϴ򣡡±ʣͬϴ򣬡ҩԭʦøġ˵һЩĶҲʦԭҩĻоģûʦøķӣڵҩࣿʦҪҩҩΣ
ϴߣҪԭķӣ޸ĵҩҲв룬Ҳͬ⣡
ϴóƵŤ˺һЩˣԻӳоҩҩƵʱϴҲûٰæ
ôһ˵м
ӳЩΪѵƣʦã㿴⡭
ʦ֣Ҿƺûиϴ˵һ¡ƳӳЦЦתͷϴʱȴЦҲһЩǿҽݵլģҽеĶðģҩҩƵҩṩģõЩҩҲģװҩĹҲǻҵӡҵסҵҵģڸ˵ҵҩҩоҩûϵǺǣϴǲǾһ˼Һܺ۸ҩоˣ
ԭһֱʦִЩԶԼΪټߺͶӦȡߣȣݣԷһʱӦĥϡ
Щĵű
ԽǿԸִ˼Խ㵱̲ˣ
Լӳҩ󻹸߳Ƣˣ
ôһֱӰѻӳסˡ
Сʦ˵ûҽеĶСʦûðģԼȴûȡСʦõԽҽݿҵ춼ûСʦáôһ룬ӳԼƺռȵѵ
һߵϴϾ͹ҲסˣЩ߳ŭ
㡢㡭֪ˣϴָָƣĺģ֪ҩǻ˶ٹоӻʲô
ֻ֪ûӣϴû취оƷ˸ۡ
ϴĲУããȻˣĳţͲҽ߾ˣ
˵ţϴתҪߡ

687 ӵĺô

ϴϴһϴҪߣԱ߷ĻӳڷӦһקסϴĸ첲
ϴŭݣ򣬵ҿǿģ
ǣ֪ʦҲ֮ԣϴҪ֣ӳϡࡣ
ȴˣʦ֣ղϴôңҲ֮𣿡
ƾɶֻϴԼ˵Լͱ֮ˣǹģǿϴԼӣװߵ
ʦã˵ɣӳԴˡ
ȪˮôңûԸ
ǧĴĸҪ˶ˣûô
Ƽʦһͷĺ˱û˵ˡ
ôһãǱߵϴȴ˸ߵ
֣ҽʮ꣬Ƿû췹Բɵģϴһ˵һʹ˦첲ҽݣȻһҽĸ˼˵ȥҶ޹⣡
ӳæϴ˵ﻰʦȻӣҽݵ°
ǵûи棬ֳֳҩĵġ
ҽĶôõȥ
ƽĶۣҽݣ˼ҵϷӣ˼ҵҩģоҩҲ˼ҽУõĴĶвķݶ
ΪεʦϴƽƢ
µ񣬻ӳҲϴеôˣĪʦ˵ϴ۸ʦǸ˼ң
ţǱϴڲġ
ɿɿңҲź˻ΪӶͿΪΪˣҸ㣬ЩģϴͲָźƵıˡ
ͷߣϴʲôģҩõĴ򣿡
ҩϴ˵㶼ԼҲͳøԼļǮ˵׼вٴ򶼻Ը
νΪΪʳ
Ǯˣͻ˲ȪˮΣ񣬻
ǣܴѡҩ
ơŶһߵʸ׼дֺ֣ʲôһӳ֣ʦ֣æ˵д
дʲôӳ㶣ﻹץϴĸ첲ûſ
Ʊϴ˵ҩʵЩ껹滨˲ҩҩƺҩģмӣʦְҲıı⼸ΣиӾ˵ЧѣֻһζҩıȽϹҲûó
зӣӳʱȤԥɿϴ򣬿첽߹ʦ˵д
ɤӣƵ˵иרεŤˡ֯ˡסʹҩƷӣԵЧܺáңֻͿĨã跴Ħ
һ仰ϴע⡣
ϴ̧뿪˺ƵĻּûԼĬĬվԭҪ˵ĵʲôӡ
ͺ컨ںͲڸʮˣչơ׸ӡݡݡ١ɡӡţϥʮˣ硢ľ㡢㡢ûҩ̨ڡͨʮ.顢ָʮ˿ˣƤʮˣ׾ʮĽûϴһõҩ˵󣬵ͷȷһ»ӳûдȻ˵ǰֹҩĵΪĩð׾Ʒνݡ
һ˵һָָֽ
ϴץӸΣҪͷЩҩĵΪĩнݣɺȴƫƫֽʵʵģһ춼û͸
ţ˵ⷽӵĺôǼЧ죡һӾֹʹһαȬ˵أҲκá
⻰˵е󰡣
ô棿ϴĻɡ
ϧûǷɣƺͻӳ˵ͷ˼䣬Ʊ˵һҩ
һӹЧ׻˵˽һ죬ӣʱһ룡ʦ֣׼ҾͿʼ˵ˡⷽҪڷ˵ҩģɼľ̿з۶ֻȥʺзۡ
Ϊ˷ӳ¼١
ҧּΪĻһһ굽ϴĶϴ鲻Խת˼ЩҩĴʲôЧ
ȻϴЩŮҲ̫ͭˣҽȷʵʵʵȰ
ĸ򣬻ӳҲᵥæˡ
ҩ棬˶һӿȵľͷԲ˵һȥ
ߺһҩһҩ˵ӳͷǣǱϴԴУ޲ҩʵһ
˵˰˾Ÿҩ󣬺ͣʦ֣˰ɣЪЪټ
Ҳãӳһдô࣬ҲȷʵЩˡ
±ʣЩҩֽϲʵʦãЩҩĶģ֤ҩЧ˵ô棿
е֤еĻûü˵״תһӣЩҩҲ˵һѽӵĺôû¾ͿԶѹһЩҩţҪʱҩáϴû߰
ôһ˵ӳҲվԭû뿪ϴ򣬲Ҳȵĸ˵ϴ㡭
տڣͻȻӦæĿڵ̫ˣϴó˺͵ŤˣҿЩǷУ
ϴ򱻺ƽƺţץӸεҪ濴ЩҩҲ˼ȥ
ϴżӸɿһ⡢˵ҩҿƺЩװɣ
ʱͻȻ̧ϴЦЦ޷ϴҩˣ˵ϴղôҩ϶вٸ߼Ըϴϴ룡
֮⣬Щҩˣװʲô
ϴһ죬ȻҲ֪ڸԼ̨ˣεĿһˣұ㿴

688 ͷӻú

һʼϴеŷŲɿҩˣӳߣȲľҪԡ
˵Ҫߵ£ѾȫԺ
˳ҽ޷԰Σ˵Ļȫ岻졣
ĬĬһȷλѾȫԼֻεӣĴСȥˡ
վҽݺԺգ̲ס˼
ʲôǣ
վ籾Ӧÿռо˦һҩݺݴϴöԷѵ޵
ΪëõطԼ
֪˶ãСعˣǰˡ
ǰŤͷ޺ѾԺˣæӭȥǰôô磿
£޺ô˵һߵƸǰȲʵˣоȺ˺ܶࡣҩԡ𣿡
΢΢ҡͷҩԡԡȸǰһȣٶ֮Ʒ
жʦԼһͬ޺ǰǿʦϴ۵ңֻӲͷƤѻָ޺ϡ
ռоƷǷǳ׵ġ
죬޺Ĳʹиơ
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Դһ˿Լֱ֮󣬺ܴ죬㰵¶֣ҲСгЧ
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ǣˣʲô˼Ҫһɢ𣿡޺סˡ
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˭֪ӣȴȫû˳˼
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ҪǣȺ֮ǰѾ˴ţˣųƲɱıĮŷɥͲȥ
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̧޺飬ΪϦ˫ӡһƬѪ֮ɫ޹졣
ֻǺ͵ͬһɢǰȻڴУЦ˵
޺ܸӣֻһ˰
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Ҳɶİ޺̧ͷ߿һۣ˵ˣţĺȷʵЩ꣬ïСӻǺܳȵġʲô¿ֱï̸ïСӺǸСѾСңˡ
˶٣ѹǸͷӻúܣЦеģܺ˵ʵһӻˮ
δ˵꣬ͻȻһܻιιιϺ̫ˣȻڱڮң
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ˣϺʲô˼˰æˣ
ף˼ңԼһķ̤ʵˡ
㲻󰡣
ңںͰ˱Գ޺ִһԲϾʹֵļ󣬺æһԲǰʲôܰæֱ˵ǡܰϵģһΪ

689 ûһʵ

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ĬƬ̣̾˿ʵ˰ϷѰһζҩġ
ǰ֪ʲôҩģҿдŸλʦһ¡ʵ
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Ϻǣƾɶ˾ʹңô޺鲻ˬĻ졣
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ңڽϵǺܲģֻǺƺܺ棬ұҽô࣬ԷôԼͷϣ
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С˲ˣֻаԼһͬ͡
Լˣǰ˵޷ɻ񣬺Ƶһ䡣
һԼˣаޱοһԼѾĸĸԺС
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һˣһܽʵⶼѪŴڽӴģ׸ˣ
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Ļл档ֻҪһϣҶ취ȥԡ
һЦûбʱ۾Ҳģ·Цһ㣬ʮֺơ
䲻һή̬֮ͷİ׷ʮֿ
ҧ촽̲סʵǰ֪Ҫкô
Ҷϱ˵ۿЩ죬ͳ˵˵ǶϱӣΨܹȻǶǸ֣׼Ҷϱһˣô²չšҶϱȥˣҶҲ
ͻȻʣͷ˵ȥˡ
һʢĽǰʱȻԼǰʧ̬ˡƿţҲЩܡ
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ЩŵĶŵͷ棬״ƼĵͻȻ֮ǰҽ˱Գ޺ԼĻ
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ƾԼֱӸӶеֱۣȥǵʦï̸

691 һǮѵӢۺ

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692 ûʲôܹ赲

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뿪˰ȻԼ˸ߣһḺʳסаɣǾͲõӲ˰
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ĿĶаûʲôܹ赲ȥҡ㣬ҲУ
ǡа˵ʲôȴƾֹ
ưһ˫ࣺаԿ鱨飡֪

693 ʹɢ

аԾ̧ͷÿƲŭʶ˫һ䣬顱ֱͨͨ˵ϡ
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ҿ˿ɲӣŮĴɶ·еִɶ·˳еİ˲£ԭذɣ
еĴǲ㣬ҲС˰ĪеŮĵĸ磿
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ԼȪˮصһմ˴ǮǸϹճһǧƿɼӼ͵ʦȴȫûϣⲻúеѻ
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ôһ˲䣬ïţ˼˼Ϊţ˼˼ȻдïҲ̣ܽѹסţ˼˼ԽԽҡ
аṦïţ˼˼ҪֹһӰȰ㣬ûʱ㳬ïץţ˼˼
ţ˼˼Ůа˿ûϧ֮ģֱץסԷ˫һŤѺͷ˵̬Ѻ˺ǰ
ţ˼˼Ǻ߷ߵᶼˡ
ͣкţſңƾʲôץңС˶۸ǲǣø磬ø磬ǻæ

698 ҵĶﲻʺ

Ȼ֪ţ˼˼Ĳԣһڼұܳ谮۸ţţɳʶҪеľȥæ
۳ţ˵ǷľͲٱˡ
ʲô˼ţĶһ٣Ťͷʵ
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˵ţ˼˼ײ£漴뵽Ʊţ˼˼ҪСأʵǲ˵ڣʱĿڡ
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Ȼû˵ţɳȴöԷ˫峺͸ĺ·𿴴ԼС˼Щ졣
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Ƶߴţ˼˼ϻïϣЦûʲôЦġ
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һ㶣һʱ֮ûзӦ
ſظһ飬ţ˼˼ţ˼˼Ҳ֪ΪҪҡҪһ㣬ҴͷβûȪˮأԼҪģ⣬ô֪һϺȣ֮άڵĸ·ٶչң
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699 Ϊչ˭

Ǻ˵̫ţ̫ƣţ˼˼ͻȻЩš
ˣǱʵԼôӮƣǶԷʹթ
뵽°˵ľͶģܱ֤ˣ𣿡
ˣǣΪڸҼңЦһ
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˫ȳʹĵ߷δεĵڵȾһСƬɫˮ

700 ߻ħ˲

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701 Ʒ

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702 ԼԼ

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ҺʱҵĹע㶼ѡƷϣûвʧ
аǰָ½⿪ţ˼˼Ѩ
Ѩһ⿪ţ˼˼ϵϢʱñ·ʱƾʹѪܱѡ
ֱ۵ıţ˼˼ıѾѪ
ˣ㡭
ɫһ䣬ǰ뽫ƴţ˼˼ק
һ㱻аֱˡ
ʲôһʱҲˣƲһۣȻţ˼˼Ķ䣬ţ˼˼㲻Ǻܽôһ̲һڵˣٲѹĻպҪɷһˣԺ㶼ֻܹӲд嶼ûУҶأѵҪôҵĻţ
һĵĻӺƿ˵Աߵţ˶ͷͻˣ޲ö졣
ʱͼţ˼˼ƤͻȻ˶ȻǶԺƵĻ˷Ӧ
״ٽ˵湻ߵģС󶼱ŵװף߻ħ˶Ҫ˰ڲʦ㵱˹ҲԸһ书һ¥ǿɱ޹أ㲻ԼԼҾʦģֱӷ书
ţ˼˼Ȼۣ³һ֡
ȻϢ΢Сڳ˶书Ȼ
ãˣţĽе
͸ǲаǿгǰ˼˼оô
ţ˼˼һ˲ãȻÿƺʲô£ʱʧˡ
ӻѪȻڳȴ֪ӣֳŵͼվ
Ĳ𣿡һѽƵǶԳƲᡣ
ţ˼˼·ĻִֵһͼȴٶƵ
֮ţ˼˼ȻֱһѪͨ죬ҲҪѪס
ԭݴʱΪʹѾȫŤˣۿѣ
ס˵󣬻̼ţ˼˼һ£ԭͳóڼֱûۿãҲÿԺ޲ȥûҪˣ
ţ˼˼Ȼ̼Ĳᣬаϧİڵϣܶ
ԭģܰ书زͦ׵ģҪһѡκԼȡһԼжʮ׳ţ˼˼Ȼˣһʦģ书Ƚϱգ
˵ţ볯ţ˼˼ĵȥ
ʮ׳뿴ʮˣȥֻµﶼᱻɣ
ס֣ţŵûɢҪ˹ȴ΢侲һЩţɳס
ҲҪȴïס˼
ΪֹïٿõǼҪţ˼˼ǵҲԾײҪˣҲá
ֻǼͼ˵ĻҲ̫ˣĸܵ˰
ţţɳţ˼˼Ŀбۺͬ顣
ѽ·̫ҵȰ·Уöˣ̫㰡°룬Ц㶼Ǹˣӱ˿ʲôϵ簡ǿʳģԼǿֵܹ˭أ
˵ţȥţ˼˼´
ָţ˼˼̵Ƥţ˼˼ʶĴ˸սʶ·ҲһЩ
Ҫţ˼˼ɤ˻Ƶĺ˳۽ǻ䡣
ƵĶһ٣ţ˼˼ʵʲôҪǲҪ·أǲҪ书
ţ˼˼ţעգβżѵĴҪҵ书
ںƵ֮УȻ̲סЦһ䣺ȫ˵Ҫѵҵô˵ѵ·
ţ˼˼ʶֽץסԼ·ԼԴʱըһ㣬޷侲˼
ʱ򣬺ƵٶȴУʵأһһְ취ԼȲ·Ҳ÷书ܲܳɹҪԼûǸˣ书ߣṦȻűȻôһ룬Ӯʦ廹ǲģ
ͣúõĸﳶңǾҹʦֵ
òϣƵⷬţ˼˼ע
书ᡢߣһһٵʵ
ƺԥĵͷȻûҪƭ㣡Ҳûҷ˼˵ѵʸ񣡾ͿҲƴһƴˣ
ģ
֤⻰ʵԡ
ãƴţ˼˼Ѫ˫иֳɫֱĶźƣҪô
ţһоԼָҾۣѡ񣬱סһһһ졣Ȼһʦڣ㽫Щҵѹͻص֮СҪѣʦ壬ζܷ˵˶٣ޱľţ˼˼һܻҲɰ׳գȷﻹİ׳գ𣿡

703 ۣã

ţ˼˼ҧû˵
״ƾһҩ֪һûǿܿŮ˱ɷ߰׳պʲô𣿾͸Ҫ·㶼û취Ƶʱɵˣ˼Ҹһ㶼Լ·ѵ
޺顢ڰ׷Լïû뵽˻Ὣô׵Ļֱ׵˵ʵе㲻
ƫƫֱɲĻţ˼˼Ĵ̼ġ
ҡҲ׳յģţ˼˼۾ҧ˵
᲻ĿԴʼ磬ִӱһˮңοӵݵţ˼˼ߣȿˮ
ţ˼˼ҲȷʵоڸѪζǼΪ붼ûľźƵֺһڡ
ˮϵĺúȣɿڣһȪƽĽꡣ
ʶ΢΢̧ͷ컹Ҫȡ
ֻܺڣ񫣬ǰ
ţ˼˼һֹţ
ҵˮˣƿзţȴֽˮҵݵߡ
ˮװûϡ͹ȪˮۺͻָʮЧȶˣܲס
ڣţ˼˼Ĳ涼ˣ۾ˮ˵ٸҺȵ㣡
Уƹϰˮ
Ȼˮұţ˼˼ˣ϶ãⲻպһὫˮţ˼˼
ï֣ܴæ
ïµ˸ɫöԷú̧ͣ߹뽲
ղס˹ˡ˵
ʱаѾţ˼˼ïϥ£˫Ƶסţ˼˼ĺ󱳿ʼ˹

һɵţ˼˼ڣïɻĽһף˸ղŸ˼˼ʲôôָô죿
˵ţƵıȻǻɸղźƸţ˼˼ȵĲˮ
ȵ鵤ҩһǵøӣư
ïҭһ£첻ٳ
һԵа͵͵˺һۡ
һû㿪ЦҴӦû˵ҩѣ
ˣЩܷԺ˵ε˵
ĹǣרĵĹ۲ţ˼˼
Ҫ߻ħʮѵģ˵ţ˼˼ֻǸ߻ħףûȫ
ҵǣϢң񱩵˺ۣҪѹƿѭһͻصΪһΪʹ¡
ָоͺͣѪ˿ڴκˮһʹ
ţ˼˼ϰ䣬ΪҲ˲ٵĿ࣬ȴûоʹ
ץӷΣͷʹѣöζ۷׵ιȥ¡
ÿʱ򣬺Ƿ˵
۶̲˰̫˰ɣ
Ҫ׳ҪҪҸ㰲һɵ๫úһԣ
ţ˼˼ܶȹһأҾ㿴ô
һֱֿҪڱʹĻϡھͺ֣ܿԻѵӴ벻Ҫ񣿡

ۣб԰
ű׳գ׳յģɵ๫Լɣ
ôҴ
ƣСţ

ţ˼˼ڲ˵ǺƵÿһ仰ҧгݵ˻ش
ԽԽ㣬ԽԽ·һɾڵеԽԽ죬ԽԽ˳
һУţ˼˼ֻҧš
ï˺ƵĴܴӰѾ콫뵤֮У
ԣïɵļӴɡ
ͬʱţ˼˼ʹ༸һоҪˡ
ƶҪ£ҶܸӻȥƵȵƽţ˼˼еǡ
Զң۾һ촽˶ƺ˵Щʲôסˡ
Ӿģʲô
˹Ȼ֪䡭о
뵽˺Ƶıϡ
Ȼ֪ԼĻʲô⣬ں
֪ԼΣб¾ԼĿռժȥ
ԼıʲôãҲһֵǮĶ
ʱһһŹȥ֪Ѿȥһʱɫȫţ˼˼ߵ˻ûн
ɫʱ˰
˶ʱһ
Ǻ͡¡ţţɳˣɫŵñˡ
ˣţŵ
ƳһۣԼῴţ˼˼ںõúܣ
ϢѾƽˣ˾ڸЩˣĶá
ȵһԺ󣬻Ͼȶˡ
ֻҪţ˼˼ԼӦòḴϾ߻ħҲ衣
ˣ˵ʱˣţоղԼ궼ҪŷˣȻֱƵĻش˻̲סһ׷ʵ
ָָգ춼˰ҹҹĵطˣ
ޣ޷ϰ֮ˣΪԵΪţͦźܽ˵
ƲƲ죺ɣԸɵ˯Լɣ
˵ţͷŵ˫ʼͶæ֧
Ȼڿռ̳һõģΪ˲Ĳɫ겼̫ۣһɫ޲
֮ǰ̹а֧аѧϰǿԹ֮Ӧˡ
ӹݹаѰһƽ̹ĵطܿ㽫֧
˿һСӰεضɶˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣо·ȻԴӣ
Ȼ׼ĲЩů͵˯Լʳ
ȻΪ˱ŭԹûеŴҵó
ֵ˰ʱïչţ˼˼һȥ
һֱעŵţɳһȥסĵʵãоΣ
ۡţ˼˼³һ֣ǿ޻˵ȴųһЦã

704 Լ˻ˣ

ۣã
ۻð
ţɳţɶͷԣ˴˶һۣΪǲ۵ľˣ˵
ãĶ۰ţչȥʵ
ţ˼˼Ҫ̧첲ȴ̲ס˻ĵһø磬Ķۣ
ţɵˣæȥ۵ϰڳʳĺƣˣ˵Ķۡ
ƷۣϻȫõĿ۲ۣ
ţ
ˣʲô취ֹ𣿡ţɳʵ
ͷ̧ĴԸԸֹۡ
ţɳһ㶡⻰ʲô˼˭ԸŰ
ʱţ˼˼΢ø磬ֹۣۡҲǼ¡һѵĻţҲڡ
ţɳͷţ˼˼Сè¶һĨЦݡ
ӡУһֱǽģɷģʱ
ͬʱ־ﲻ̫һˣƺ˶ˣôꡣ
ָıӦǺ°ɣĬĬţѯʵã𣿻ҪҪˮ
ǵ֮ǰþˮֻڡ
˽ˣܿԺˮ˰ɣ
ˮ֣ţ˼˼̲סƣʶ촽֪ΪΣܾ֮ǰԼιˮرúȣٺһ㡣
񣬺ưѸղǸˮҴӱó˻Σȣ򣡡
ôʲôҪӰţѿڶ
ֱ׳ĴǵȻˣͭ˰ǣԺҪģҵ׬ǮҺأ
ôҺڣĸǰȪˮص˰ɣа̲ס˳顣
ţҲƵֱ׳סˣһʵӣ
ˮﻹʣһСˣǧӰɣ
ǧˮôȥţѿڶ
˭ˮˣ鵤ҩ𣿡һǧѾǱ˵ˣ
⻰аĬĬʾͬ
˲֪ʮԼΪλṦġ
Ȫˮǽ֪ȪˮĹЧֻ»Ը⡣
ǧӣȷʵ̫ˣ
ţȴ֪Ȫˮ϶˺ˣʱڵĲˡ
˵˵ļҵҲղǧӣУҲôܼҵȥˮȰ
ţ˼˼һ֮󣬷·𳤴һ㣬ȻжԸղźȵˮޱȿҲ֪ʦøɬܴճ
۲Ŀ˺еˮһۣţ˼˼ƵջĿ⡣
ʱï¡Χţ˼˼ߵѯ
Ȼ߻ħһأûк󻼡
ïǵıţ˼˼ľأ书д棬ֻⱲӶоĻˡ
ʲôʲô
ţ˼˼ľڸأŻҪţɳš
֪ţ˼˼˵ɫһɳʹա
ţ˼˼ţұһţôˣʵԽܡ
ţţɳѹĺۿҪοһãֲ֪˵Щʲô
Ĭһţҧ˵ղ˲˵õľҲа취ȥ
˵ţתҪǱȥ
վסïסѹǸʱ˵ĻΪ˼˼˼ܵ棿ԭѾ˼˼һȥ˼˼κþǿѡ𱨣
һʼţ˼˼ϵʱïҲԺ
ǸʱͷǨŭҲͰˡ
ţ˼˼˼ҾȻˣǿ˵ȥˡ
ïøղԼѾһأ˵ʲôҲٸ鷳ˡ
ô죿ѵôȥ𣿡ţûӱ˵˳ӦʱѾԲˡ
Ǹ˵ãø粻˵Ƿˡ
磬˵ɣţɳ̲סϵԼûԽԽģ
ţ˼˼̧εţֿصʦǣͻȻݸʦ壬ʦ壬ʦ壬ø磬ø磬ǲҪڻţ书ǺܻܺҾ;ԼѾˡǼģҸ֪㣬𣿡
ֹ۵ţ˼˼ï˾ԼӦοɲ֪ΪʲôȴһᣬЩ
ţұ߳Ʋҵɫأĳˡ
֮Ǳȴ൱֡
˱Գ޺顢ңڰ׷򸾡ƺаΧ۵ϰŸֳʳ
Ȼģʤܶ࣬Ʒḻ
ܽظ⡢̶⡢𻨸ȸָ㣬гɱƬ±ţ⡢ӵˣʳдлͷͻѡ
ãзԣǰ㴳Բ˯ģԿˡĸ·ܳԶٱʯÿӼһлһ߳һߵ٩
ףԪί£ĶԿࣿ˴ǰһɽˮʣһͷһڶûԣȫ𣿡
˼˵ͷʯͷӲûʯ·ۣѹ顣
ϰ߶ˣߵĶֵģȴõĺܡ
޺鿴˵ЦŤͷһïǱߣ̾˿˼Ǳ߳ĶԲ·ˣǻ֣ûǹ˼ҵĸܰ
ǰ⻰Ͳˣţ˼˼Լ߻ħӲϵʱûпǹõĸܣʯ²ͬķ˵ˣûǵ죡Լԣñ˳ˣԼˣˣûôģ
Լͷ򱧲ƽЦųһܽظ⣬ûп
ʱףԪȰ£Ҳô˵֮ǰǷҲţǰչˣŮ£ǰﲻæҲֻ

705 ݴ

ףԪıߵģǲǿţ˼˼ˣˣȥȥκҾͷ㣡ʯָףԪȵ
ףԪӣ͵͵˺һۣҵ˼ΣܸκˣţұǷһݴ飿ô˵ţұڽлǺеλģ
ʱң״ƴֵĲһ䣺ôεģҩ˲˵ԸΪԷȡȥɱǻʵ϶ҲӦ
ʱ򣬺Ķܲ⼸ʲô˼
ڰ׷򸾿ڶ죬ʵڰʾԼκţ˼˼ţұǷԼһݴ顣
޺Ȼûֱ˵Ҳ¶һ˿ϣ
ԭڴ⣬ֻڸ϶Լˡ
ƽʣµһСܽظ꣬Ȼ󲻻Ųæ˲죬̧һûһ۹۲ԼˣǶҳְæ
Ҵ˼ʯ¶֮ɫãţǰо֮ԡ
˵ʯºæ͵ǽ㲻㰡۸㣬϶ͷֻţ˼˼ôˣҲţǰŮôˡ
ʯ㲻ؽ͡סƳʯЦЦ
ʵûʯµֻЩпԼԵ
˵ԼҲ˴޺ǣȻƫţ˼˼Ǳߡ
׻ദʱ̣ûʲôĽ飡ԼҲ֪ڣǺһپˡ
ʱԶţɳͻȻ䶯˶ţ˼˼ţȻ˹
⵽ĶԼͬȥΨԹԵļһ±ţԵú㣬ûпţɳһۡ
Ϊľٶ̧࿴һۡ
ˣи֮룡ţɳ߹òıȭ
ЦЦȻ֪ǲ֮룬Ͳ˵ˡ
ţɳһ£Ǻˣһʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲôá
Ҳû뵽Ƶ̬˼æ˵仰ֲ֪οڡ
Ͼ޺顢ڰ׷򸾵ʵҲǷźƵأ
ƼԼһ仰Ͱˣгɾ͸С
ҳԱˣãƶŴ޺˴˸кŵվ
ţɳҪߣ۰Ͱ͵ǰһ
Ҫ˵ţţɳֵܵòʵĲ˶Ũüֻۣţ游׳һŹţɳĸףһ
ԭֻжʮͷһᣬͬʮһ㡣
ƿ⸱Сģ̲סЦ
濴ֿ֪øԼƾеˣ߰ɣʳ˳ȥôˡ
ллˣţɳԶʱϲĵл
ƾ̲סֶлʲô˵ȥû˵ҪæΡ
һţɳûϵ¶׶ЦҲл˿ȥã
û˼СͲˣ
ɺŤͷţ˼˼ȥ
ïԶԷóһ·úƳͨߵţ˼˼ǰ
лˣţ˼˼̧ͷ¶һЦݡ
ü˵û˵㻰Լ𣿡
ţ˼˼ԹԱͣȻ˵ˡ
Ȥ˶ûˣƾļˣָţ˼˼˰ҪԺ书ˣʲô㣿
ţ˼˼գһ۾û˵
ôû𣿡ʵ
ţ˼˼һ£С˵˲ǲ˵𣿡
ƣ
ռտЦзҲн죡˼ҭ˵˰ɣ
ЦտգĪҶţ˼˼FUCK˵û취ԸˣʹͶħ֮ǻң
տģӣҴˣ˼ҲҳЦˣ
⻹࣡ѻڿտ֮󣬺ˬҲûôˡ
֮ǰ˵ܴһأҾݴ𣿡ӻͳһ໨׵׵Сƿţ˼˼ȥģ
ţ˼˼̧ӣɸ첲ȴ
ţۼֿסǸСƿ֮ݸ
ţ˼˼СƿУûмŴ򿪣̧ƣ¶ɻ
򿪿Ц͵Ϊ˹ϲ
ԣţ˼˼۾һֽץǸСƿмĳƵллˣ
Ȼ˵ȴ޵ķʸ
ζԼϣ
˵ллʲôã˺ˣҰʵ°ɣư˰֡
Ȼˣţ˼˼ʱͷеСƿȥƿ־ȻЩ
˵ĿҲۼǸװ׻Сƿϣ˼
ƿһοƮһƢҩζ·ž˾һ
ҩ۾ָ΢̲סҪƿߡ
бһۣЦе˵û뵽ǰҩô˽Ⱑζ֪û
ҩζһ㣬ǲ֪ҩЧΡ˵ţߴţ˼˼ţѾͷȥһҩζɢӰҩЧ
ôһ˵ţ˼˼Ȼסˣ㽫㽫ƿҩˣ쵽ҩӰӶû
ЩСôǿһɶٳ԰
ǰֵҩһкܶࡣ뿴Ұƹ˵
һ죬׸ղԼˣСԷˡ
ȻţɳԵ޹ƣϾ֮ǰïѾѻˡ
ôţɳƤԭֻһǱ˸ƿκţ˼˼
˭˸ղŵķӦѾˡ
Ҳ֪Լ¶ˣԺƵĲ͵٩ֻܺЦ
û취˭أ

706 Яӡ

ҩڼ
ܿ죬ţ˼˼оһů˳£Ȼȫů
ůڵеҪ۾˯һ
ʱƵ벻ˣϽ˹ҩ
ţ˼˼һѹæţţɳİϥ¿ʼ˹
Ϊϰ֮ˣȻ֪Ҫ߶ҩЧЧ
Ǹղҩ̫ˣȥԺ··ԡڴչ°㣬鲻Խʧ
ţ˼˼ȫעĿʼˡ
˵ïԾΪ
ƹ۲һţ˼˼״ĵ˵ͷ
Ѹղţ˼˼ȹǸˮùԸ
ĸҪǴȪˮţ˼˼ɣа۵ĲУ΢Ķźûж
ȥƴߴ١
аһ£ʵĸȪˮΪţ˼˼òôɣ
ǿСˮҰа˼ţ˼˼ھͲˡ
аĴеЦá
Ϊ˲й¶ռܣԲ˵żȻõȪˮ˭֪ȴѦҽа䱦øˡ
һвأ㣡Ц˵ˮѾȹˣĪ㻹ҪĿˮɣ
аһתȥȡˮҡ
ˮȡתֱݸïǧӣɻݹˣ
֣ïĿࡣȻҪӣ
ú֪е뷨ֻҪЦǲһֱͭҪʲôԣ
ïεˮңҲǣҲǡ
ţɳʦǺˣһæΧˣԴǷ𣿾ǰ
޹ǹĴ޺飺
ܲĳٷˣҪǷ˰ǧӵƻ
ǷȻǿԵġԭҲûָԷóôǷǵţ˼˼ԺԼд
ţɳǺΪĵģʾд
һţĴչ˵
νĵͷ㣬ԸǷ˵ֶУ
д֣͵Լռˡ
ռǷãеŹְҪˣʹ
ţɳдǷţȺǩ֣ҪƵʱȴԷݹһСӡࡣ
ӡƺƿӡĺ˵
ţɳţʱ
·ȥɱаι۵ͳԵҲͰˣȻӡ඼ţʲôɧ
׼ȫţЦһԹ԰ӡ
ţɳ
ӡ࣬ϸһдǷ˹ĴǵȻ˭֪һ·ϻ᲻ǷǮأ
ðɣӮˣ
еǰ˭ȥǷծǷǮⰡ
Īʹ߸·
ôһ룬Ƶʱù
ƲŲô룬ԹԵĳïˮˮǺöһţ˼˼ڣʣµǷ˰ɣԺ˶Ȼ֪ǧӻֵֵˡ
˵㲻ͣԸаЩʳ۵ʰˣȻԽ
춼ˣӣŲҪԼڻĽҰ¶ιأ
˻᲻ιӡemmmӦòɣϾϰ֮ˣûóıˣ
İõ˯ı۾˯
ҽô˯ûֵҹ˯øⰲģ̤ʵ
һ˵ɵۣһ˶ֿĿ˹ţ˼˼ٿïﻨǧˮҡ
ܸӰ
ïˮң촽ֶϷˮˮв٣Ϸȳʲô֮Σ
ïһ㶣ץˮҵʶսһЩǰǸ˼˼źȵģ
ѽղ˲˵ˮж࣬ǴҷźȣҾͺһڣʲôĪǲϷ򣿡˵Ѿһģ
ïеţ̫ҵ־ﲻס
ղ˵Լ˷ˣ˵Ӧţұ˰ɣΪǰҲԼҪˮˣǧô㰡
ïģһʱ֮䲻֪λش
ºͺû뵽ңǰƤȻô񣬹ȻҪһͷļơ
ǰͺһڰɣïΪѵ˵ţҪֽˮҵݹȥȴ뵽ʲôһ
̵ȥӣԷĶֶʲô˼ĪǷˣ
ǣֻˮҪ˼˼ȣûøӵһЩȽ׵ïæ͡
һҲе
ĽҰȥĶұӣǼ˵ˮңĶ϶Я
ڷʱ򣬾ͼа˸һСƱ˹
ѩ̿ϷĺõģϲĽӹϲЦտ˵
ïζˡˮţұģǰûл˼Ҹ˸ӣ˼ҵˡǡ
ˮҽǸһСƱ˵ĿˢˢĶСƱҺ塣
͸ɫζ
ôһˮɣ
ɻᣬȻȲһ
̹ḻⱭˮãɴЦһ˺񣬾˸տĵطϥʼ˹
ķӦʶˮǸöïˮҵĿʱ
ֶˣϷǲе˵ȥҸʦĽɱˣ޺ֿ˵
źڰ׷Ҳ˵зݣˮôˮҲǷڰɣĪܴƲǺڰ׷򸾣
ţұˣ

ȥҲǷֳȥĿˮܲ治ɣ
֮£ïֻÿ޺ε
޺ͺڰ׷Ⱥ꣬ӦһģһҪҵط˹
֮´޺Ϊ˻һЩ˹֮ǰïˮкôһǱһȣֻźȣѵֵҹ
ï˶ˡ
Ǻǵˮǵֵҹû

707 ˵о·

а̣ï治һ˶˹
һеϮҪһˣ
˵˼˼ûϣܵи˶Űɣ
ï˼հԼţţȺˮ
ҹˡ
ܺڵƽԭϵҹ䣬ҹʹ
ïţ书ҲȻúܲ
ʱĿ㲻˲Զϡ
ͬо·զôأ
е˷紵ɹҰ¶ޣеȴԺֵͬΡ
ңС˶סӣǱ˵о·ûȣ
ïţаζӣһۣǧζΪһ̾Ϣ
Լһʱ֮ţ˼˼һ죬³һۡ
ïţǰĵѯʡ
о޸ţ˼˼оϲ֣˵ҾõָһЩ˹һ죬ȫָˣ֮ǰҪһҾ˺ܶ࣡
ţһţ˼˼Ҫ㾭ָܻ̫ˣ˵ҩȻ棡
һᵽƣţ˼˼һ˿κͰûڡ
ƳñԼƯʣûµĹ˼ҡ
Լ˼ҾȻģⲻȰûѿ
Ҹȥ˵лңԼԼҩԼ
ţ˼˼ȥҺƣȴïֹˡ
˼˼ѾЪϢˣȥл٣ïҲһԼǷƵĶǷˣʦܺʦֶ깦Ժ˽¿ᣬ֣һԺ⡣
˻ˣȴûǺţ˼˼֮ǰ˵Ļ
˵ܾܲȻţ˼˼ţұ˶뿪顣
ǺãïʮֿգҲû¡
н߬ŵˮҵݸţ˼˼˼˼˸ҩ˵ڣȻ˹ˣ
ˮţ˼˼۾һ뵽Լ߻ħȼըʱˮˬʶ򴽣ˮ͸ҵ𣿡
֮ǰ˲˵ҪǧôˮʦԼһ˸ûôˡ
ʲôͰҪǧӣţӿڱԹ
ţ˼˼ɻ󣺡ǧ𣿡
ûУҸܴǷţ󣬻ǵһδǷӡ̲סֹã㶼²ʲôӡడ˭·ӡడҿƺõȦסʦ壬ͷ
ïջ֣ĿûаŵʦֶĪֵǧӣ
ǰʹ޺ǰҪĶ
ǧֻ¶˱ˣ
˵ˣҲûҪֻô˸Ƿѡѵ˼ҾͲԼ˲
˵ףˮ͸ǵ顣
ţСӲҲͰˣԼǸúúýѵѵӵʦֶˣ
£ţίı첻ˡ
˼˼㲻ùǷ¡պʦ취ϵġȺˮˣïˮҵݹȥ
ţ˼˼Ҳûж˵ĺˮȻϥ˹
ԭŶѾȴվ·⡣
ٽʲôأţ˼˼ʮڴ
ţұһҹΣƺаڵڸԵһ
ԭаǲ˯ģĸϢԼһԱĸİȫ
ɺȴȱֵҹԼҲϢ
ǣаͺˬ˯ȺŴ߳ʱͼĶˣͷɳ˵ÿ˻۾ϴһֹ˷ܡ
ˣһƣҰǰһ¶Χ
һŸ첲һﰡǣҰ
ɲ
˶ź۷Ź⡣
һˮĺôǿɶᵽˡ
ԼòнĹͻȻ֮ζʳ֮裬鲻Խ񫡣
ҪҪѧţɳǸǷ򣬿ˮȻʮô׵õأ
ʱǲҪ٣¶֮ɫĲ֪οڡ
ʱţ˼˼ͻȻƿ˳ߵǰ˵ֱӡ顱Ĺ˵ϡ
۾У㿪عĸҿɵô񡣡
о֮֮֮ǰȷʵҲ£еţ˼˼ǲ֪ôжˡ˵ţ˼˼һ˵Ժţ˼˼ˣʲôģ˾ܷԸ
˻һĿɿڴ
ţǼĺã㡢嶯
Ϊʲô˼Ҫȥţأ
ۿñ𰡣
ȥȰţ˼˼ţɳҲǰһȭƹ
ˣʵֵûǧӡǷ֪ʱܻ塣˶дţɳţҲ뾡һƾ˲ǲţɳԴǿе˵
ţе㷴ӦˡܺǸôҪĸо
ţͻȻʦĴŸʲôܵһ񣡸ˣǵĺô
ţ룬ǰһҪ˵ȴһԵĺڰ׷һ
ãպɾ͸ˣָĶĶÿǧʯЦĿ˵
޺ҲʾϷǷǧӺͲҩǮû꣬Ϸǲߵģ
ˣȽſ죬ҲǸߡҸߣ֤һ
ţɵˡ
ɶǣ˵໹ŵԿ䣬ûе㽭˵İ͹ˣ

708 Լ

䣬ţٴ˺͵ĴɵСӣ㻹벻ˮˣ벻뵱ָˣĻ͸Ͻ˵ĴȰ
һ̣ţͻȻ飬ǰһֱӱס˺ƵȣɤӺˣõľ˾ҵľˣԺţˣĶҾ͸ĶҾֻҪҸ㣬߾У
ˣ
ʤ
ţСҲȥģ
ΪˣȻƤҪˣȥ˼ҵȣ˵Լ˼ҵˣҪ˼ߡ
ֱɥĲ
а໽лţɫơСӣԼӵǽǲˣ
Ҳˣţޱȹ죺СӣڰܻҵɣȻò绨׬ǮңҲԭеߵĺðɣ
˵ţ̧Ȱţ߿Դǵ˵ֻҼ๫һˣ˶Զ㣡
߿ţԼҪ˵Ŀⶢȼˣ޴վ͡
Ǻʦȥ˵Ĵ˵ûİ
һʶţӣƿߣһۡ
ɵʦֶԼ˵ı˼
˼ûˣåڴѾˣ
̿ǣ
ⳡ־磬Ҳǿˡ
֮ǰԼǧټƵҪȺ˽ã˼ҲȥķʽβҽģŴһ¡
أ
ֻҪóȪˮȺ˾ͷ¼ӿźҪ׷Լˡ
˰Ϊ
ң˱Գ޺ͺڰ׷Լ϶Ҫµġ
ţұ°ïţ˼˼Ѿκˣôߣ
ߣҪĻԵֱڣï׵ʦΪλԼʦ۰ԭǱźġ
ܺڵΪԼֹţ˼˼ǵĺ֣Ϊηʦܳ״˺ơ
֪ڲǷü
ˣ֮ǰðˡԲ𣡡ïѡϿҵĵǸ
Ҳ
ǺͱȽϹֱ˵ˣǶԲס㣡ҪɱҪУϤ㣡
ɱǶʲôôһ
ï¶֮ɫʯæԲãǹǲġˮĸ⼸һҹ־١㿴ɣ˵ܰæأ
ʵƼǵǸˣҲû׷ֻϣ¸һѵԺҪԼá
ʱʯ¸Լ̨£ȻιŲţ˵ͷ¿ԣҪԼ£
뽲ï˵
Ҳ˶䣬ΪףⷬҲǸԼ˵ġ
һܣһָͷһǱңң£뿪
Ȼͬ⣬׷ױʾȻģ
лģͺǵģαظҩˮأ
ǣǱ֤ĵ

ͬ⣬һָͷڶֻ֧һҲ˵ֻܷӡ
˳û˵
˵Ǹ·ģƵҲûɶɱʲôģƶս
Ĭ֮󣬳һʮΡ
ǡЦһǸô뿪ɣ
˵꣬ת׼
˶ʱˡ
ãʯһ߽һסĸ첲ñ㲻ǲ㣬ֻǱϾ˵ɹˣһʱ֮˵Ҫȫ˭Ļе㲻ϰߡãղûӦƼˮͶô壬ƾݶ飬ҲӦ㣡ұ֤ԺĻ𣿡
һ仰ʯβȻҡһºƵĸ첲Щ
ȻʯѾʮˣΪƤ£ټԸãʮŮӡ
ôһڻƻ治˼Ƣˣͣס˽Ų
ʱҲʯµĻˣ׷׳ԽͣȻʾһӺƵ޶
ǡָͷ㣬ҲҪһ㡣ԲжӣҲ
˵꣬˱̬˵ΪΪˣʱĮ˲ɱ㣬ҶˣҲǿЦǰ˵ÿһּ书ҸߵҲһҪɱ˭ûܵõ
ʱаʱĲҼҷǱ뱱Į֮иɵǵĽ첢ȫˣǲţպȥ쳤ͼ³ôģҿʾһ㣬ǱĮӰ˴ĸ塣
ʲô˾Ȼ֮ȡط⡢ֱ̫˼ˣ
а˵գ١
ʱƵڱˡ
޺顢Ǿдһ˿ɵţ˼˼ţɳǳݵĶźƣ۷Ź⡣
˽ӢۣҪѧϰţ˼˼аѺƵɰ
ȴûиţ˼˼ɫѧʲôΪɱܺ棿㲻СᶪңĴСƢʲôʲôԼ
Ҳģţ˼˼֤
ֿˣֻҪ㣬ұὫǵԼչˡһ·ϵĳԺҲǵģùȪˮγû٣ԹĶҲ١˰ԼǴ󷽲ˣȻĻôôõĹأ
аֱͦˣĬĬͷʾͬ
а׸޺ԣտӵô޺д°ǧǷ
Сˣ˵ʲô
һѣͶĸźܻĻԵ

709 桤Ƶǳ

ӴȻǺŲԦ֮
㶨Ⱥ֮󣬺ƾýĸ·˳ࡣ
ʮÿտʹܣھ뱱Įʮֹͣǰ
оУĪ롣
ǲȥֻһͻᱻĮ֡
ԣѡЪϢĵطһƬģ̫С֡
Ϊ˲¶Լδ֪װģԭصϢϣܴ鷳λȥǰ̽һ¡
ÿԭϢʱ򣬺ƶ˳䵱ȷǷȫ
ҲϰΪûκ顣
һأҰյϰºˮԶʱïȴ˵顣
ˣĮפʮ⣡ïڼô·˱Įɱˣ
һҲż
ԶҲ˲óˣΧ˺Ƹǰ
ˣô죿
ˣȥɱȺĮ𣿡
ʲôʱжɣ˭üͷҷϣ

Ⱥۣ̲סüģȻQʵţɱȥһʮˣʮĮɱȥ˻͵ñˣҴǳΪȥ𣿡
һˮЩ˷ܵߣȥɱеĽһЩ
ˣ˼ƻ˱Գ޺ȵʵ
΢΢ͷҸεĵطϢ״̬Ȼҹȥٸ˵ץʱϢɣ
֪ж֮㲻ٶʣҵط˹Ϣ㾫
аеһԣ˴ܵ˼䣬аһ뿪
˷ȥûжʣ⼸ǶԺƵԸҲЩ˽⣬ǽŤˣ̹󷽣нŮķ緶
Ǻ֪һ׵ĸǡ
ǲ֪Ҳʡ
֮źƲẦԼ
֮ǰаأ̽Ϣ
ԺпտĵͼС֦ĵβݲݻ˳
ſٳ͵ĵͼа׸ֳԾ֮ɫȻĸĸŶգѹӵȢ
չԼĲͼҲȽ⡣
ѽȻеôˮƽûȫ£
ʮʮС֦ĳλô˴
аͷָԱ߲ԶλãǱĮܵĵطǲ²ڣ
ݣƵ۾ʱˡ
а״ĬĬĸȻжӣԼʮǴ̽Ǽˣ
°룬ͻȻָ򷴷λãи⣡ȥţһĮҳƶǱûǵķͻΧȥ
ǣаһĸأ
ȥѱĮˣƹһЦЦͬСꡣ
аȻϣĸ̫ΣˣҪձĮݣȥɣ
ѽˣôˣһҪϽͳԵĺҩأưڰ֣ѹаȰ
ǱĮΧסˣ
ƾӦûţ٣ĮֻΧȴΧˡ
ȻĮӲӲὫǱƵñˮһսĮܲ㣬ԲȡΧ֮ߣȴǵʰҲ١
һ뵽ڿûԵûȵģ۵Сһˡ
вУҪϽͻΧȥīˣ
˵ûһȥ֪ͨʮʮȥ˵طţȻǰʮʮ߻ϡעⲻҪ¶٣˻⣬Įж֪ͻΧȥԺ󣬵طң˵ţָĮΧȦһص㡣
аŲͼָĵطĬĬסȴǲģĸҪ¸һͬǰǳ˲أԸϺĸߡ
ȥݣֲȥܣ˵ṦҺ𣿸һȥǸϺȣƲ˵
аĺˣԼܵһ㱩
ĸ츳ʵ̫ˣãṦͳԼˣԼȻΪϺȵˣ
ĸһҪעⰲȫа֪ĸƺ˵ʵ¶֮;Բı䡣
˵ĸɱͼ³ǴΣԼֱɱĮӪȥ
ĸɱͼ³ȫˣôոӦҲɣ
аţͻȻԼ֪ʱȻĸģʶΪ£ĸ
սƱ㿪ʼ׼аԼ֧ھԶһĵطȻһͷԼҪչأκ˴š
ʵҲаԼվڣаҪȥ֪ͨаʮаʮߣֻȸЩ˴кȻÿտհæʱĶ
Ժ󣬺Ʊֱӽ˿ռ䡣
ôûϴ裬ԼҪˡ
һ뱱Į棬Ϊϵĺζ˷֣Ҫ
ȻǿЦкζҲԱЩͬҰһıĮʿɾ
ǰԡϰߣΪ˷ıʮƽ
ƽˣͷԲŻṻ侲˼ƻĲ裬©֮
ͩ͡ǹ
һԼҪƷƾԼһ״̬
侲˷ܡ
Լе̿͵Ǳʣ
ȻΪʲô˶˵һɱ˻£ֱجΣԼȴһ㷴ӦûУ
տգԺҺ桤ƣƵĸԼ
տմʱضͷɫСǣֻ׵ĳͣȶŷںߣһԴģˣԺҹӡտգѸ

710 ²ץ

̫ɽˣأֺ͵涼Ⱦһ㵭ĺɫ
ϼʧյľͷҹʽˡ
ʼжƳа˸ƣȻԱ˫ҹɫ֮С
֮ǰЩѾ֪ǻ·ͷҲصĳһȥǻЩûס
Ҫʲôû߸ǡ
ϾǲаձĮݡ
Ҳ߰ɣакһһȵĳԤķȥ
Щ˸ͨṦһ̵뿪ƬС֡
ͷܳأƹаӦÿԼˣֱ˿ռ䡣
·£Ϻɫҹ£ֽҲúɫȻ˫ڿռװĳ˿ռ䡣
ĮӰ˴ʱϣߴʮˡ
ЭӮʵϱ˴֮ȴ໥ţΧҵˣҲǸһûлһ
Ӱ˴ʱ̾Ϸ
ڶߣһͱڣӲȥ
˾ӪûмȥݣǿʼѰҴפӪء
͵һЩĮʿ̸֮̽̽飬˼ŷֶԷ˵ıĮһֶֻĬĬ
ˣ͵ǲˣԼ취ץ²һ°ɣ
ưţͿʼڱĮӪɫԼҪץķ²ѡ
̫ڣУ
̫У
̫ҲУ
ȥտտȱˣˣֲ๫ôòҪأץɣץһͺˣ
ԴǵķôأΪʲô˶ʳ鱨˵ˣһԷ˵ұĹٻô
տգðɣˣ˵ʲôǶԵģ
ƲտգھӪεչһɫӪʺͻȻ۾һ٣Ŀˣ
ֻһιվӪʵһСкͻȻʧˡ
ٽıĮʿһŵȴǸСкȷʵѾԭˡ
ŤͷȻӰʿʱˣñĮˣСӲˣСӲˣ
ΪĮ˿֪Լ²ߵСкݣ֪ԼڱĮӪ˶ɧҡ
ʱСк˿ռںĴš
´ǸСкһֶԷʮһͣ¾Ȼ˿ţ鶢ŷڿеĿտտ
˵ұ𣿡ɿСкǯƣʵ
Ŀռ䣬СкԼ
ΪֵȶԷߣλпտհæԲ¶ԷԼ֡
ȻҲôܴСǻһָ׳书׳ͲҴռˡ
һ򲻹˼ң¶˿ռܣˣ
ʻСкŽƵϣ۾˵㣬ƯŮ𣿡
Ȼ˵ұٻͺð˰¶ĸЦ⽫ŵú᣺Сܵܣʱ˵֮ǰѵҽ𣿡
Ů㣬ҽ˵Ǹһġ˵ɵҽܣȻһ¶ı飬̫ˣﻨ㣬ֱ˼ɾ
ЦЦĿСܵܣĴұٻѧĲҰĻͲ˼ɾӴ
˵ı齩Ӳһ˲ܿ¶ЦŮ˵ǡѧұٻʱ䲻ܶʶأ
ԼΪСûϷ紵ɹ˵ĮƤڡ
ǡǡ෴úǰ׾΢΢ȴԵ˫䣬ẹ̈ӸͦУ׵С˧һö
ʱһЦ߾Ȼ¶СԵõɰˡ
ⲻ֪ʱԽڣƱԽ϶Ĳ򵥡
㸸׽ʲô֣ƵЦʵ
˵΢ȹ
ְ
졣
ĸģ
˵һ¿ǣ˹̹ġ
Сܵܣ˵Ѻ𣿡ЦеĿʵ
˵ͷһģŮ㣬ûƭ㰡
𣿽ɲϲƭ˵ĺأۣ䵭࣬ղشʱʶĵͷҶӣ˵˼ԲƭңУһʶָͷ˵Ļšô㻹˵Լûƭ𣿡
˵΢΢۾üë΢΢ƺʮֳԾܿ¶ɵЦŮ㣬ⶼ㷢أ
ҪҶȦӣûʱ棡ߣŮˣԲɱ㣿Цʹˣʵҳ׵ģԼƲס
˵գ´۾㲻ᷢ裬ɱ˵ģôƯ˼ɾӦұĮŮ
ǴұˣŮҲǴұŮߡ
˵Ц¶ſɰĻ㣬ұŷҲûֻǱĮŮ
СӣƱ˵޻ɰĥĥӲģ
˵ʱûõģʵݣ֪ıĮһһʮ˵򣬱ºˣΪǿԼ˵óһذȻ¡
˵Ǻֵذףͫ΢΢һ£״ƺµĺ˫ֻԼļ򣺡Ů㣬֪ʲôҶ㣡˵ԹĻģ
˵㵽˭ʲôݣʱĺѾĻˣжϳкݿ϶һ㣬ЩĮʿ˽š
˵ƺҲ֪Լסˣֻίı죬Լ˵˳

711 ҹݣ

Ľ˵ʮ꣬ǱĮСĶӡ
˵˵󣬿ƴǵЦæ͵㣬֪ұͱĮڴ̣ҵɱǺܶˡҺǨŭң˵Լĸġ
˵󣬼ƺţжʱ⣺㣬㲻ҪҵòãҲƭˣǲƭһİĸСʱ͹ˣһûĸڱĮͥǺġСҾѧ˿ɫ˵˻˵ֺüλ磬ǵıϢʱΪ˱ԼѾΪһֱˡ㣬Ҳǹġ
˵˵δεĴۿЩ
Щ̣ܿԼСǵˣ򲻿
˵ԼҪأٵʱˣ
Įʲôط˵ʵ
˵ֻ֪ںδһǵһͱץסˡ
Ǿ˵֪ġ
ڴϱߡҪҴǵӪʲܹȥ˵벹ء
⻰ǲ١
ĮӪʺſǴտĻߡ
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֪гԵģǵ岻ô
ǣһʯͷɽûκҲѰԵģ

714 ŮӢ

Ȫˮ⽫µľӱΪͻԢͻɽ޸ס
ڴұǰĳλʵۣΪĮƺΪӣλʵ۱㽫ұľӶȡ˱ǸҰƣѹԷ
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715 ʳ

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סһȻ˼ɲ΢
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Ʒɿÿռоܰٴ壬ϱͷ˵İɣȻȾ֢Ƕ˵⣡
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ιȷҩЧӵãַͬιܰٴȪˮ
֮һװȪˮˮҺһҩݸޣ˵ޣˮǧ˿ϴһ£ȻҩĨϡ
ϾרҵҽƶڴѪܵ˿ڶٻеϰ
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޶һ٣˿Լֿ֣˿ˮңЩɡ
ˮУִӱͳˮҵݹȥ
̲סһ¸ѵĴɩӣҡܺһ𣿡

716 ɩڣͶ

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֮ǰøЩʿǵˮҲˡ
ϾֱȪˮãЧ̫棬Ҫ鷳
ˣҲ㣡Ա˺ٸǧ˿Ҳüֵݹȥһͷ
޵۾ʱڰͷϣ»£Ȼ͵ҡͷɩӣҲų԰ɣ
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ּȱ£ͷڹпʵ϶Եˣ
⿴һۣԶԶһ£;ÿˮҪˣæǿʹԼƿߣǰͷջ
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޿ͷӣףɩڣͶ
⻰˵ġ湻ֱ׵ģ
һ£ЦŵͷԣɩڣԲǣĳ԰ɣ
ܰٴޣҺͺƱϽȥԱ
кܶʿһۿžͲˣƾ˻
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ͣľΣڽԱȶ벻Ϊƹˡ
һԱҩ֮󣬺Ƴһһʹĸ첲
ƣˣְĦЩء
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ƴһ鰮ߵŮˣ˵ⷬȻҲǱúˡ
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ʵԣҴͻʿǶرɣûһ˳ƤԣǺڱԾ롣
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аһҺͺƵʱɽѾ̫Զˡ
һҼĲУƲסĳʺ򡣵ЩڳаǶܿƣֻġ
ƽЩһһܸңָ˱ҵݣ˫Խ˵ķʽ
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˱Ļ˵ЩЩԺоԼƺһ˲õĳɾ͡
Ҽ仰˵Щ˺޲ðε֡е;߱ʣĸԸ׷档
ºƴа޺ǰͻڵɽ£аʮаʮǰ
аʮаʮ߲֪ҪȥʲôǶذûжʡҪȥɱĮӣҲûж
˭֪Ҵ߹հ˹գһСɽꡣ
ֻǰһ޴ʯͷ֮
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֮ʯŲ¶һĿӶ
аʮ̽ͷ鿴ȴ澹ȻĶһĹҵ
ǣаʮһ̲סŤͷҡ

717 ʧ̬Ľʿ

ұƽƺ⣬ģʳ
ƵᡢӶʱаʮаʮ۷
ӣ´䲻д֮磡
аʮ붴УЩʳһһĶаʮš
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ǣҺаʮһʳȥʱʮɽ½ӦʿǶˡ
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һʿŵۣԱߵĸ߸ʿ˵ҺΣһ¡
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ʮλ˱ЩʿˣĿʼ˼ʼ˼ԼΪԷЩʲôⳡսЩʲô
˵Ľƽ֮󣬳˲˼ЦЦȻԺ˵ã㻹ʶ˭ɣҽĪɣʮҽһĪ磬ҽһòΪɣ
ĪãҽкơˣЩҩֹѪĹЧĴæֻƳһǧƿ鷳Ī簲˸ҷȥɣ˵ţָһԶѷŵľ䡣
Īһ£ȥ
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Īʱˡ
һ֮Ī̧סسȻ񣺡Īɴͻʿлˣ
Ʊһæܿ𣡵Ī㲻Ҫô
ǳ֮ǰ϶ҩ࣬ǾͿԱܶ಻ҪĪ̾˿ص˵ܻųȥһҪҩƹȥдұľӶ䱸ϣһ죬ã֪ҩ츣ٽʿ𣿡

718 ץ˸²

ƱĪɿЩΪ飬ǫ˵Ī̧̫ˡЩҩҶʦֵҽġҲΪ߹صĽʿǾһĶѡ
ģѾѵˣĪ̲סпһ䡣
жٰպ͹Ա˴ұİǱ߹ؽʿǵѪģ
ʤֱ̣߹ؽʿǻ̫ã˰ֱ̣߹ؽʿܡ
͢˿۾ã߹ؽʿǵӹ࣬Ǳһ١ٶѣֻȺҲҪˡ
ǶһЩϿɱ߹ؽʿǵĸԸΪǾһģǱɳҲԹ޻ڡ
Ϊ˼ֵã
һʱ򣬺ȻֺƵѾͽʿǴһƬԭرʹҲࡣ
ƺĪĵ磬΢߹ȥɫվм䣺ƣĪƫʲôأ
ĪƫЩԾ֪ĪɹξȻôߡ
΢΢üɫĨĪɣôĪƫûиͻһγְߵĽأ
ûҽĪ硣ʵĴ
Ī磿ôȵƳĪһۡ
Īǳ鴤˵ƽղҲĪҾõøƺ
Īƫ˵ЦˡְٻǣܸĪƫֵܡҹϷϡ
ĪĿɿڴСӣǸϱ˵˼仰𣿳Դ׳Եֵܶˣԭң
ĪɿߵֱӰѺߡ
Լϱż滹ûô´أñ˿׽⻹˵ãƴƬʱפɽ£ԶȺүǣ
ˣ˱ֱӽ˺ƵĿռ䡣
ҶնˮʱҲĲˣҪĵһȻϴ衣
˭֪սռ䣬ұ㷢ֿռﾹȻһˣ
еģ
ʱڣƣǣ
ƼԺ̫ˣͰ˵С²һɶˡ
ʱ˿ռæ˵Ҷˣץ˸²
²ӱĮӪҺܲ졣ôСĺӾ͵
ƵͷԣǱĮСĶӣ˵
ĮСӣҳһϸϻе˵ȷϹ𣿡
ͷӦǡץԺ󣬱ĮӪﶼˣܶʿ
֪ռ׼ôʵ
ƿյͷΪ֪˿ռܣҲŲ֪ôȽϺð
ɱˣҺԥ˵ţ־Ҫȥš˵Ĳ
ʶе𣡡
㲻ãҵѾס˵Ĳӣתͷʵ
ҡͷҸֲ죬ʲô᲻õġֻǣǱĮСӰȻ̫ܱĮϲҲӦʲôóɣ
ܳ裿üô˵ģ
԰գһ۾ʶè壬ʣƭң
šǱĮܳ谮ĶӡҴ
ƺܳԾ˵ĸʱѲˣԱڴӵĸСҪɫֺ˲ܻ
ĸȷʵѲˣԱĮŻ۰ڱĮͥļֱҪ̫ˮһû󡣡˵󣬿źƵı鲻ɹһЦƣа˵˵С󣬾Ҳ԰
ƣ
仰ʲô˼ڰοԼ
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ĪԼǸúƵıĮӰ˴Ҫɵ
Ʋõ죬ˡ
Ҽùӣһֻʳ㣬ϡĲУ̲סЦվҪ§
𣡳ˣϴ裡ƺһ
ұֹסͷһ˵ַɿĵ˼Ѩſʼ׼ԡ
״տĵĽԡͰˮ׼á
Ƽ·¶ݵĿ̲סǽʵƯļϴ˸ת
ġֱģҪɶɰƾԼͻȻӿһֽ˵ĳ嶯æƵƿĿ⣬ڸ˵Ǹȳȥˡϴýҡ
ƣޣûرܣҿߺС̲סЦ٩
Խĺ죬·ҪѪһ㣬˵ǡȥһҩġⷿͦҩĻûз࣬տֲʶҰš
տգEXM
ˣҿտܵռ֣᲻ʶҩģⷿԶŵĹܺҵ̫LOW˰ɣ
տҲҽ뿪ǺܴĬĬ
˵תͳⷿķȥٶȷɿ죬ҽץȥһ
ĶӵıӰ̲סЦ΢ƣΪЩȲҪ㶴ˡ
ӣƻû׼ð
ԭ˺õģȴֲ˺ݽ˶
Ǹʱڱʴ̫ãѦϸҪԺз
ΪԼ绨˵ĽҪĥ˭֪·תǾȻڷﶼõ޸ľ
뿪ﶼǰһ죬ѦĽеһߣ͵͵ѾָȴǰãʱƶˡѦϻúƸԼСӡ
Ȼºƻ֪֪Ļ
¶ζЦԺѾ뵽СѾͷߵı֮Ľ̬
Ȼʱ˿ڿռͰڶҹ¸ˣڻ治ʱ
սʱڲ˵ɽϻôֵš
ôˣԼ޹ҹδе̫˵ȥˣ
ʱίˣ̾һεĳ¿һۣȻɿϴ

719 һ

ʰԼһ·ˬĺͺƷӪء
һѬүȣҼֱǺȺĿĲˣ
ɣ޳ܣֱ˷ָǇNɪӣĪ̲סСԼĸƫ־١
Ƹƫһ۲ԶࡢͯŮʮˣֿһۻͷĪһۣû˵
ĪɶʱƸƫŭˣôʲô˼ǲòȡˣ
ҲǣûУĪƫˣƸƫ񶨣ҡͷĶ
ԽĪɱԽ϶һôġ
ĻôһƽӴ򲻳һƨĻ־˵仰
뵽ĪɺǱ
ԭγƫһηóһϸףó͹ڡ
ηǸƫΪڻǳˣƸƫȻϸףƨĺĪɲ̫ġ
ݺݵ˻ƸƫһۣĪҺͺƣֹС޸ǳôƯϱĶҵأ
˵ˮȻסƸƫѵðԵĴһ仰
ȻӢ۾ôϵ·Ī°죬˵׼ԼȥģȻȥ϶
ƸƫһۣĬĬ͡Īƫ˭һϱ˵ģ
ǵģĪǾӪĴ䵥
ܶҪ˵ýǵ׵ĹﶼڴǰĪԺĪɿ޵㴫ȥˡ
ԴԺҲû˸˵ס
ĪɵĵＱϻ˫˫˼ûȵȢޱ˫˫御
û˴߻Īͬ¶ö֮㳹ϰһھӪҲԽҪ㹻ľƫλá
Īɶ˰죬ҲûеõƸƫһػɾȤĺܡ
ҺͺƶģץӸεܣð۵ĺܡ
ȢƯϱ˲𰡣쵱˴󽫾е˵ҪŮ޸ӣĪз޷޲ƽţȻȻܶĽ춼£Ҳ
߻ûؾͱˣڵĻصĪƫҲǽ죬òŲμ£
ƾΪٻٻ£Īֱǿ
ʱǾְλߵģȷʵʸǧµĹְسǺ򼴿ɡ
ƣҪͺƶһīŲȥ
Īɱٻ㲻Ļõùɣ¸
ĪɣҾУϱʲôҶʱŭˡĪɼֱôߣ
ҩʳĸǲǵô𣿸˵ʲôãĪ𷭸ۣһҰµֱӶԺЦãͼһ£
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ҡһҵ֣Ȼһ߳ĪɵķһЦӯӯ˵Īƫ̫ˣʲôܰæĵطֱ˵ǡ
ùȻŮкܣˬ죡Īɿһ䣬ûнԼҪ¿˿ȴеĽǵ롣
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֮ǰ£ΪѾ·һûɶ۵ġܲܰѴҽй̸һ̸ôɣ
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ƴ˸ҩģҸŪһʳ
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ұĽԹ˱ĪҲûж룬ֻһλľ̴ֲұͿֲ̿ͼĵȻ뿪
ʳôģʳҩģ͵л·ˡ
ȻϣȻҪԴżҺϼһץסȥϣ
ͻٵµ˵֮ĪɻһܣôҶʲôⲻ˵ǿ·С
֮ʱǧͻĪƫ죬λƫλǧʮλٻԼӦʮ򳤡
µʱ򣬰ٻʮûʸμӵġоӵսսԣƫƫǧǾĽʿֻҪִбá
ȻڣΪսңλƫֻʣһλǧһλܰٴ޷¡
ͻΧ֮һʽ£ܾܲĸ˹ĿɣĪɰлšܶİٻϵ˶żˡ
ˣҲֻʮˣޱ
Ī˵֮һƬĬ˱̬
ⲻĪЩƣЩʿԣҪиͷһʿ
ʱ򣬺Ҫƫϣ
ǣȵ־ƫƸƫ˵˵
ǣ־ʶȻ˶٣ƺ˼֯ԡ
ĪҲߴ٣ڴĿŶԷ
ĿǰеʳҩܹάʮĳԺȡ
־ĵһ仰ĪɫԻͣ΢΢°ͣ˵
ʮ֮ȻɽˮǱ취ͻΧ־ʮ侲ķṩ鱨Įӵľʧ˴ݣ⼫пöԷû˵ȴģҪΧǡԷʮֻһǧˣû򡣾ȡλսͺͺʯͷɽҲѰҵεĵط˵ƶʮֲġ
տʼĪŻͦãԽԽ
ʿģΨһĻģ
Ƹƫǳĵ
ᵽ˼ϱ鱨ʲô˼˼ҽǰĽĮʳ͵˳ǣҲΪ˸ҩŻƻձĮݣ˵ᵼ±ĮΧĻڹ˼
һõ˶಻ã
뵽ĪæɤӣԼ˻־Ļ

720 ǵ

ϻܲܲ˵ЩûõˣɶʱùĪһ˵һߺݺݵ˻־һۡ
˵ͲҪ˵
ⲻ
־Ҳ޹˵
ĪѾλƫϣˣ̧ۿ˿ˡ
˶Դžꡣ
˾Ͳֹһ𣿾Ͳõķ𣿡ĪЩץ˵
־ľګķʣĪƫ𣿡
ơĪҲסˡǰʲôƣݣʱ˺һռ
ˣ
ô»ʲô壿һ
ʵҲûа취ͻΧͻȻڡ
һƬĬ֮УͻȻһöŮɻЩѹֵĺǾһ𣬶ʱ̧ͷѭȥ
˵ĿۼںϣҶʱڵǰһԼϱ
ĪεӣǿѣҪҪôС
ʱķԿǼʱ˳Īɸм֡
˳ƿʵʲôð취𣿡
еģƵͷָָµķ򣬡Ŀǰı޷Į⣬ǱΨһ·
ڽһԭϣʱˡ
ǸеģֻͲȥˡ
·Цذɣò磬ô
ĪҲһпЦԼȻðϣһŮϡ
֪ǱߡǱ·һЦŽ͵
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ô𣿴˵еķ߱ڶģ
ǿԴ˷ɹȥ𣿡һλǧеʵ
ƺܳʵҡͷȻСɽٰףƾṦԾȥǲܵġ
˵ڽ̲ס˴ֿڡ
Ҫϣζʵ̫ĥˣһʼͲҪ˵أ
ڽЩйĪȴʲô
ĿƵźƣãʲôð취Ϳ˵ɣǵθˣڴﶼ챻ʺĹطĥˣɽ̼ˡ
ûеθڰҵİ취ǴǱ߹һ޹ǲҺú˵껹ҵĻģ˵ҵθڡ
һΣûе˷ʣֱӽԼİ취˵˳ñȺһֻļɽ£ȻṦ׿ԽĽ˳ɹȥι̶ס˱˳ȥˡ
ȥǿ£ˤȥǷǣǧզࡣ
Ƴǧһۣ˵׾룬ʲôܱðɣ
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ǧղſƶˣ޲ýԷ۾ڳ
һұɫĪɱ֪ҵĴַ̳ˣæԲȻֻǲ֪ЩĿԵɽȥ𣿡
ӦûģƵͷ
֮ǰʹңûĹֻ֣Ҫ㹻ҲԽļʸ䵽֮ɽϡȥļʸ̶ܷסܳԶṦ£ʸͻȻɶǱΣˣ
ں˵ȴ⡣
ˣɰ
㲻ȥɽҲ׾ٵ£
ʱ͵͵ɹȥȥļʸ̶סСһ׮
аգҲһʮӣĪʱ˼ֵס
ãããЦŽãȻվɵ˵û뵽ͻʮĮΧ񣬻ҵһ·ȫǵܻŻȥպɾдţƵʱˣЩСôǱȣ
˵ҵļ򣺡СиȢ˸ôбµϱĽˣ
˵ץסƵ֣ܲӵߵûҸƾȥ۲ɽȥˡ
ûʲôˣҲǵ˽̶˵Ī鼫õ˵ʲôʱ׼жƫҲȥǹľ
ƽҲûмԳƫڵǿʼڹټˡ
Ȼ֪Сžţ˳û߱ڵĽˣҪȥ۽硣
ôҲͻ߽죬ұûнҴֻ˵ҪжʱһĪƫģ
ãǵһҪҰ͵øϽȥæɣĪЦеĻӻ֣ĿҺͺ뿪̲סпôõŮˣƫҲԸȢ
ڽǿûг
ԸȢ
˼ԸԸ޸㣡
ôڵû𣿻ÿ캰Լ۹ߣʲôŮ˶ԽĪɼҵţ
Ҳ޵´㣬ô˵Լأ
ؼʱ̣ȻҪɷ羰Ļ־ĪɵˮĪƫ׼ӭȢǮࣿ
ƨֻҪȢǮǸĸϻˣĪͬβ͵èһŭ
ǮȪˮǮŮСܳ谮ԣ³ֱ˻Բġ
Ϊ丸һŮԳ׵ļҵҲһÿɱ⣬ɹƤġ
Īȥ⣬ûǮǸŮģԷֵܣ̬磬һȥǮ㿴ĪɣҲɻ޵ԼýΪԼ˵ýס
ʱǮ˵൱ˡ
ȻҲŻĪɡ
ΪûˬֵܾȻǸŮˣ
Ұ㵱ֵܣ㾹Ȼ޸ң
е˽ܲ˰
Ӵ֮ĪɱǮ֮ȥ˼ҵ̯ϹˣǮҵӪŲ
˵ʱ־Ǯ֣Īɵɱ൱ˣ
е컻ȫʧĪû˵죡ŮˣȻҷ˵˵ǵ£

721 ˵˻

ڽû˵
Īɻ󣺡ưˣͻΧİ취벻Ȼ˼ϱ취ˣоһôǻװưͣǲǾñƫƢã۸
ĪƫǱ𣿡־Сѡ
ĪɣΪë˵ˣƸƫһֱԵΪʲôһ˵ҵľͶµûأ
ĪɱԼĸƫĿĹʱҺͺѾæ¡
Ⱥ˵УķǴ޺ĪṦõ
ƺȴȺ˲֡
ԭһ˱Գ޺Ȼˣ񣬵ͨڶʸȥˣҲͬṦɹȥΪûаȫϣ˭Ҳ֪ʸǷԾʲôʱɶ±ҪƵİɣֺ֮׷ֶɡ
Ǻƺһ£ԳṦȥɽµ򽻸а
ȥ֪ͨĪɣұ㿪ʼ׼
ҪѡһǿԶĹΣʸҪʵͷ乳Ȼβһϳ
޺֪ƵļƻԺ󣬷׷ױʾǡ
Ҳ˵ʸβӴȥȥ֮Ҳδܹι̶ס
ṦɹȥҲҪ;һ;ɶ£ǹȥֻҲˡ
˵ɣЦӯӯĽ͵ûϵðϵǳ⣬ǡ

ӣȻʧȥ֧׹䣬ײɽϵȼڹֻ²Ҳˣô˵ô赭д
ֱðȥЦ
˼ֻ£Ҳ˵ʲôֻóаͶȥͬĿ⡣
аȻҲ֪ΣգֻӺĸԼȥ
ȻӺĸԼȥǿ϶׼ʩġ
˵ΪΣգҲȥִеģ
һĪɴҴҸϵ
󣬻־ǧԼμµʮٻҲһͬˡ
ǵ°ѵһܳɹǶҪۼ֤һ²У
ȻŤҺͺЦġǧ
һ߿ԹǧһСµһٻ˵ŷװĻͦµģһ䲻ȥɾͶˣ
ȥˣԲסҲһûðٻ͵
ǧˣЩ˰ľϲͷҲԼжͣ
ǣôܸǧȣľʵʵģЩСΪƨϹٵٷƣ¹ٿǻȡ裡Ӧúݺвǣǰٻ˳ǧĻ޷˵һΪǧƽӡ
һһ䱳˵˵𾢣Ϊ֪ⲻ֪ڳĻһɽˣĸǶĿȻĶԻһ
޺˻ãƳǧٻһ۲ûжԡ
Ƣõţ˼˼ȴ̲סˣֱߵǧٻǰ΢΢°ͣǧͰٻĹٺܴ𣿿ҲĿбȻȻ
ʵţ˼˼ҪΪҳͷֻһ˼ѺƵԼİǺƵ๫Լ๫ȻӲ
ǧԼµİٻ˵ĸˣͻȻǰһƬӰֹ̧ͷһȻһͲСڸԼս飬ȻЦˡ
СҴأսϿɲģǧѹۿţ˼˼һҴ˰ؼҵ̬ȡ
ţ˼˼ŭˣƤޣΪʹϣұ߹˵̰ɣôб±˵˻û¼Ҳ±˵˻
СǲֺǧĵɱеģҼҵģһȥǧϲӬһ˻֣ͷ
Ȼ֪ţ˼˼Ǻƴˡ
ʲô֣һȺҽỹڼ֮ʿѣ
㿴Ⱥϵϣٵ٣ŮˡϼҴڵսϹҼ
ҩʳΣ˵׼ʲôӣ߱ĮŽġƫƫȺ˻մմϲΪԼб£ܹͻƱĮķߣ
ĪսϱҾһԴңֲǷҵ飬ûҪԷӡ
ǧôţԽԼһͦŰȻ˵㣬ڱǧµûһǧҲа˰١ΪɱСɱ𣿡
㣡ţ˼˼汻סˡţұ󣬱ļãȻûɱˡ
ţҵ̣ţ˼˼Եʱţţɳţ˼˼źȥʰ˵ʱţţɳȻҲԥİˡ
ţһվ˳ҪǲñԾֱ˵ﳶЩеûģ
ǧƺǵܴ󰡣Ī㲻ϣ֧Ԯǣҩʳţɳ侲ķʡ
ֵԸȫ֮ͬ£ȻţɳĻҪ
ǧɫһ䣬ҭ˵
ȷʵ˼ҩ࣬Ҳ˶Էʳ
ŭĿԣôе𱨵˼
һʱ֮䣬ǧַŭɫһһЩ²̨ˡ
ʱһֱϷĪڿڴԲˣλˡǧûԸλ˼ͻΧͻʿǶмôеأǧ˼ǣۣ˺һϸߵͣǵսɱеʱٱȣǧ˼ɣ
⻰˵ĵЩɫҲԻǧ
ǧ˼ʵǳѿ֮ˣ
ֻĪɸ̨£۶ӣȻҪ˳̨ˣ
ǣǣĪƫ˵Ķԣĩ˼ǧæһЦݣ˵

722 Զϵ۵ӣ

Īɵ⣬Լӡ
Ҳ֪ţ˼˼ԼƽС¶޷֮ɫЦ֡
ңʲô𣿡ţ˼˼ܵǰЩŵʵ
һ㼤Σƺڴƽʲô
˭֪ȴͳһܽظϡ
ţ˼˼еɵۣܽظ⣿
԰㲻Ǻϲ𣿡Це˵
ţ˼˼ͺԼվڸȴûܽظ⣬ھ¥극˺ƣ˼ҳԲѷ¡
Ϊ飬ԽСͦɰġ
ȻǰԼЩ죬ǶΪ˽⡣
Ҫиദʱ䣬˽Էܸ֮Ϊʵۡ
ͷβƺҶûвԣºƽţ˼˼й˶ԷĳԣѾһֱ̬ˡ
״Īɲɰ̾˿ǧ鳰˼Һ˼ҵģ飬ҲһĽڶɽµϣҪǵʱô죿
ҪӲţôҲҪȹӰ
ӻûأȰŲˡֱԼ
׼Ĳˣ˵߶ۼʱƱ˸ĬĬ뿪ˡ
ߵû˵ĵطֱȻ󷵻£ȻԼѾ׼λ
ɽ²ʯͷɽǳżô׳ĴɽҲдеģڵʯͷɽȻ෴
ʱȻô棬׵ľ룬ȴһݲһⰻȻͬһ㡣
ʵ϶ͻԣɽҲȷ硣
һһ
ŶɽԼԤѡеĿ꣬һ̧𹭼׼
ʱ˶̲סҵĶᵽɤ۶
֮ǰ˵ǧʱҲŵһԲֱĶźĴͷ
ҺɵĽȫȻ͵طſ
ֻ֧ʸʧڿлһӰ
ΨмʸθŵԵüΪأ˵ǻʱΪβʸ׹䡣
ҵǣȻʸΪԵʶԽԽͣվ˶ɽϡ
ΪľڵҲ޴ӵ֪ʸǰεĹӵ׹ʲô档
΢΢קһоž֪ѾǱ̶߽ˡ
ǣҲεһʯϣȻа˰°ͣȥɣ
аʱѾϵһӣһҲ˴ʯͷϣ˵
Сĵ㣡ţ˼˼Ǳɽ紵ĻλƵɵǵĺ
Ҳ¶ɫ̫ϸɽʵ̫Σˡ
аţ˼˼΢΢ͷżһһֻչĴ˳ɽȥ
Χ۵Ľʿ̣ɿˣеԾľ
˭֪а֮Ȼ̩ɽԭζֹͣҡһ
ţаɿĳȥƽأգۼܳ˶ʮס
νпŵп֡
书ĽʿֻаΪΪ磬νո˵
Щȴ˸εĶ
˱Գ޺΢û뵽ᣬڹṦ׿ԽǺη
ǰλҲС˶Լºܴ󷽰ңָ˵
ԴӺóȪˮκţ˼˼ľ᲻֪λ챦
ֻڼʿȻǵǿȡ
ɡ˵ĶҲǼٵģ
һߣڰ׷еʯҲȻԼɷ˵ŲĻ
ΨţұһԳĬһЩ
ţ˼˼ţţɳ˽ΪᣬʶȻаһסƽжôĸ
ïȻˣȴΪԼȲа˼ڡ
׾룬аٶȻִܿ
£ڶɽ֮ʱߵĽʿͻȻŷһϲõĻ
а˻ʾһ£Ȼ˳ķȥѰ֧ʸ
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ɵҵʸʱ򣬲ɵˡ
˭Ϊʲôʸǰ˵Ĺڴϣβ˵ȴɲһܻϵ˸ۣ
ӳɾ
Զϵۣ
аǳ鴤ԭطһֽʸβ˵ӽ⿪ȻŴβá
ȴĪһԼ߸ĸо
ѹָղӴǧ׹סѹȴһ㶼ɶԭ͹̶˰
ŵҪײɽײˣԭһжӺĸļƻ֮У
аһô׳ĴãȻ󳯶ɽµҵ˴˸ͨơ
΢΢ͷŤĪɣĪƫһȹǵ
Īû˵ߵ±߳¿˿
ףˤȥȻǣʬ׶Ҳ
ɽµϸϸġػζ̲סҰʿˮյҸǰѹʵϸ罻ף⡭⵽׿ף
ȻˣѾȥ𣿡ҶɫҰ׵Īɣ΢΢Ī磬òǺ°ɣ
˭˭˵Һ£ĪӲķȻҾӦټ찲һ¹ǵˡ˵ЩԱأܲܶ²ܰɣ
ĪģԱϱЩʿǸȥʿǾҪԼȥˡ˵˶٣Ī磬㻹żǰһ°ɣáӴ󡢲ߵȹȥ׳׳ӣ
Ī΢΢ףãȥʰ׼ǵٻϽ£
ܿ죬ղſٴξۼ£ҺͻĺҲС

723 ·

ŴҸղѾˣѾɹɽֻšǾжӰһһӵͨɣĪ˵ֹʿǣ·ǰҪˣҼӰѾǾ뿪طˣ
ȻĪɵɫô԰׵Ļƻ˵
ˣҲ㹻˼ˡ
̫ˣڿ뿪ˣеİٻ̲סЦ
ȺĮֻ»أɵŰɣүҪ߿
ǣΪ֮ȴû뵽ܹǵ
ܻŻȥӿдʱˣԺ˭ңҿǹǵˣ

²Ī̧ѹѹ˸ƣˣٶ飬ÿ˴ʮ˹ǵĶӵӴϣ
ȣһӴİٻԸ¡
Īɵͷãȥѡ˰ɣ
ٻ˳ˡ
Һͺû뵽Īټ¾ȻôҴ٣û˵仰Ҫ˶ɳȥˡ
ĪƫĩæסĪɼָһľٶ˵
Īһ㶣㻹ɶ£
ĩӱĮΪȡĳʱ䣡ҳ˵
УĪ붼ľܾüһץסĸ첲ȵ𣿾ҸһˣҲסĮʲôһߣ
ĪƫĮûݣܿͻṥǹǵҪʱ䣬ȥɧӣסĪץԼ첲ϵ֣գĪƫǱȺΧôãôﲻģôҪΪǱ𣡡
ʲô㱨㱨ҲڱĪɵѹڲӢ۵ʱ򣡱֣ҵģһߣ뱨Ժеǻᣡӱʮ겻
ҼᶨҡͷҲߣ
㡢СӣĪû취Ťͷƣã˵仰
Ī磬㲻ȰˣǲߵģԱ߰ǻ˵ʲôӱʮ겻ĻʮԺɶ֪أǴҹһг𵱳ͱˣ
ĪɻָȰȰأ˭֪Ƣһ꣡ʲôг𵱳ͱˣô⣡
һһᶨһײǽͷļƣĪɼΡ
ʲôǷͷˣҲôĪŭȵ
Цӯӯ˵Ī磬ǼȻҪ£϶һյİҴһأһԴʮǼȻͻΧȻҲͻΧȥ
Īƫ׼ĩǱ·ٴ
ĪɿֿƣĻ֣ˣҹܲǣǰôôɣ
лĪƫĩȥ׼ˣҳлźת뿪
ӺƴָϵʱҾҪȥ͵ϮĮӪ뷨һ˵˾Ȼһļϡ
ԭƾ׼Լ齨֧ѵͻӣרŸλ͵Ϯս
˽Ե뷨˵һʮпԣǵ¾;󲿶ߣĮӪƻ
ͻӱΪɥĲ񡱣ӳΪңӳΪƣҪԱһǸ֮⣬ааʮаʮߺ͹ޡ
ԭµѡûй޵ģǹ޼ᶨҪߣʾҲܻ
֮£ֻýҲͻ
ֺܣӦò϶ĺȡ
ʱһҪ뿪ĶѾλ
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һǵĿ˵ͻеˣű󵨡
֡Ƥڣһɺɵľеȱۡ
ǣȥˣӣ緢ĳ˻֡
ˣɵ·˵ԡ
˱ӵУץסԼȥȻϣ˫ۿٽ泯ɽ¶ȥ
ʮ˳൱٣
˶ˡ
ֱ󵨰ȫִɽ£˸߲ҵĳǻ֣ŷӦ
аģ
ǣôߵ£Ȼһ㶼£
ûϵҾⷽһҲôȥ
⣡

󵨿˸ܺõͷ˴Ķܽ˾飬˷׷Ч£Чʮֺá
ÿȥʮˣаὫЩϵͻá
һСӵʮ˳ֻϱңʩչṦ֮⣬˶ƾԼ˹ȥ
һСӵ˶ƽȥˣʣµʿʱʿ
Īɿ˿ùǵⲻ󣬱ȰԱ͹ȥɣ
ȻУҪȻЩʧȥжԱ
ԱǶ͹ȥ֮ʣµ˿㱱ĮˣôʣµֽŽڻܣԭص
ԱͨҪṦѣʮλˣҲֻңףԪïºͺͿԵΡ
ΪԱ϶࣬Ҳһܷ£аʮаʮҲȥæ
ػæ˶ʮˣڽеԱ͹ȥ
Ҳ۵Щ̣ïˡ
Ҫ֪յϱܲҪṦô򵥣Ҫֹɽ罫ûҪסҪƽ⣬ϻˡ
Ա֮ʣĽʿǿʼһһӹǵ
һ˳Ī˿ٴȰ˵ҺͺƲҪðգʱվߵ۲һصܵǰ
ĪƫĮˣ

724 Ż

ʲôĮȻʱ򷢶˹Īɵɫʱһ䣬ɿĳ嵽ɽѵĹ۲㳯ȥ
ȻѹѹıĮƶСΧȦ
Ⱥżζ𣿾Ȼô죡Īɺ޺޵ѸûйǵСӽ죬ץʱͨϻƣһٸ˸ңҴȥǣһʱ䣡
ȥȻ־ôĪƨؼʱҲˡ
Īһ۵ɹȥȥƨʵİ˰ȫȪˮأһ㣡
˭֪˻ûȥˡ
ǼǧٱıĮһ˹ʲôģֻˮͱûˡ
ǣĪͻڵ߽죬־˵ʲôҲöԷϺģ
Īƫͻ߽죡㲻ȥ
ǧͰٻҲ׷׳ֹ
ʱǧͻȻˣٻ֮ǰǾ˵Ҫ˶Ϻ𣿲ȥɣ
һ㶣Լͬҡ
Ȼһû̬Īɱŭˣһ¾ƱȥһСƾʲôҪнְ𣿡
˱Ĳҿ˭ͷͻᱻŭĪֱ
ʱһֱֳĬͻȻˣĪƫҵٻˡѾһСˣȻӦõָʱ£Ҵȥɣ
УĪʶԣȴҰס˼
Ī硣ͻȻ˳ƺסĪɵļ˵ѧ䣬ЩȥɧűĮĻ󣡡
Ī˵ʵȴԽܣǡ
ûпǣĪ磬ֻҴȥЧʱ䣡ñĮĵòʧĿᶨĿĪƫɣ
ĪɶңͷãٻԻĮߣȫʱǵȥѡһˡ
Īƫôˣ󾫲࣡ҴĻ
Ī֪ʱȣҲٶ˵ֻܣֻһ£ĴŶԷĺ󱳣ˣ
˶٣˵Ż
ģһһ£һ˸Ȼźת뿪
ĪأԱʹĿǷ޶뿪ȴͻȻعͷ˿
ԼǣͻȻݸһЦȻתȥ˵ʲô
Ҳעƣָ˵ԷıǼ⣬硣
ĪǱʹѹͻȻͼ˼֡£ʲôʱ˻ô
֣ааʮаʮ˼˰æҩ˵ɽ£ֽаʮտͻ˹ǵ뿪˴󲿶ɽߣȻ󳯱Įķǰ
ʣûйǵͻʿĿһԶȥипǧ
ģԺǷһ
ηܻŻȻǰ;
˵ǼΪ빦

ʱһᰮ˵ǧѵõûгԼɫӵĳ̾һ
ĪջĿ⣬¶ŶӵĽʿǴӿٶȣ죡㣡ľں棬ȹʱ䣡
ʱΨоܱȫ˲ܲǵ
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˵ãҶƬѹѹıĮ΢΢𣺡ʼжɣλףˣ
Ҵһѭ浸صˣ֮ǰд󲿶ţֻ뵥ĳĮӪɱһˡ
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°˵ԭͻ״ҺץԺûлϵҵ˻֮͸˲ˡ
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֪ΪʲôаܾݵϤӦӺĸֱʲŶԣ
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˴ﲻЩɨˣõķʣлкβףұһʣûǧˣֻҪ̧̧žǣ
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726 ܽ˹

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729 ֪˵

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730 ˣΣ

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ۣܲȫ˸Сӵᣡ˵ֻҪӵΪСӵ±˳𣬱ɽаȰ
˴ĬΣͷл֮
ŴӽϵĽټսһֱҹ˲Ž
аƣķӪʣɸһȥӪ˵ĺ
ңа˵֮ǰӪȿˡ
аʮ־ȣӣ
ңƴȤĽһ䡣
аϲĸҲˣ
ףе㲻ˬüëΪʲôоаƵԼ˷ܿĶˣ
аǸղս׼ôԸǰƺʵ
аеΪʲôоŮڴ˶Ը
ĸһŮ˼ҼҵΪζԴôȤ
֮ǰĸɱ쳤ͼ³аʱȻ
԰ĸһ书ǿŮӣȢĸ֮
뵽аСղڰ˴ӪսϤ˳ȻѯӺĸ׼Ӧԡ
Ƹ׼ҹ͵ϮβȽϱ
۵Ȼ죬Աô׺ڡ
ҵǲ֪ʱôˣҲʵ
аںĸУҲûж룬ϴĸɱͼ³ʱ̸һΡ
ǺƲı仯յЦ˵ϴаѯͼ³鱨ûҺ֮ǰİţûֳ
һ˵һҡҵ֣Щζ
ұεĶˣղǵСŤʱɡ
֮ǰͻ˶᳷ɽȣʱǽΧֻ»˸գҳ˵
аһ㶣룿ô룿֪ǰ޳·
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Բаϣġ
ԽƻӶԣ޴ĴӸúһЩ
ףʱһװ˵һɽСʱ׼ƻ𹥾ͺãѹаյ˫ɡ
ϣҺͺƾ뿪аӪʣڱĮ֮д
պƵ˼ˣ˴
ҲǴ⡣
һļϣȥ˰˴Ӫʡ
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ڷŻ𶼷ųˣֱ·
ͩͣ㣡
һˮҶˡ
𣬺ƻ۵˿ʯͷѹס˴ӪʵЦǺһ
˵꣬Ҿܣȥ𴦷Ż
ŻŻӪǰһֻ磬¡
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Ѿоˣ𲢲ˮ·ֱӳŻĵطȥ
ԭжһˮ̫ݳޣ֮Ǿûˮˣаŵĺܣ͸ݱյʱһˮ˲ģԽԽߣЧ
ߴӪʵĻûӪҲʧаӪҲδ⡣
һʱ֮䣬Įл𣬵Ǽæʿ׼ˡ
ԶһֱűĮ۷Ź⡣
ˣϣ

734 ض

ңǱ뱱ĮΧ䣬ĮʿϢĶ
Ҳո˵󣬾ȻڱܿŻӪɱ˽ȥ
ܿ죬ĮĽǷֲףټʿѲ顣
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ƵñĮûа취ֻ˼һСΧԷӡ
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ӵȫƽ̹ĵط˴Ȼ£촽ʵǡɽŭ𣿡

735 Ҳ㿭˰ɣ

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߰ɣȥ׷ĪƫǣջĿ⣬źṦɽȥ
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һȺһ˰ɣףԪ̲ס˻ϻӡ
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ţұҲˣ


736 Ȫˮ

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ʱʱҵȴֻʱ׷ǡ
ҵƽ£Īɿļˡ
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һ˲䣬ԭЦʿĪͻȻĬ
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һˣͷ桢õͬлӵͻʿʯƷɲӯڽޡ
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737 Լ

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744 

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Դұͣܵľ˰ɣ
˾ͽʱ򣬱Įڡ
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ףԪЦʵòҲ°ӶٹˣûǮ¸ɽͷɣ
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749 컯Ū

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751 شϱ

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ĪģԺһССӰɺܿ˦˦ͷаߣСأԼɲô޵ĳѱ߲ݣ
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ȻûǣȿſڳĶ飬Ա߻ۼŴڡƼݵİգãȻľĶųſڵķ
ſڵʿţǵȽȥ̽׵úŶӣ
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ұЩڣű˵ѧĻҿԽ㡣
ðƺԥĵͷȻһ۳ţô죿Ŷӽȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
Щسŵʿ̲ĺϣҪǻɲԸЩ˵צơ
ź뿪˽˿ռеĳ˸ԵˮȻһٳʱѾˡ
Ʋа˵еĺô
Ϊ±¶ռ¶ޣʱؾͿҸû˵ĵطռĴš
ʱѹرգ˳ҵĵ΢֮⣬ĴǺѹѹһƬ
˿ʮ׸ߵĳǽ̲סЦˣ
ȪˮءعغͱصĳǽҲŰ׸ߣɷͳڹڣȻѳǽ޽ʮ׸ߣ
˵ǰͳǵĳǽͱ߳һֻ׸ߣǹ˴֮Ӹߵĳǽ
˴ѷͳǴԼڹ
Ҵ￴ˣ
óצɵһףǰεצӱιס˳ǽߡ
קһ£ʮֽʵ㳯֡
ƻĿȥԹסԼϸ֫
տ̲סڿռȤˣṦôҴȥĪĸϽţ
ƹɬı⣺˿ָߣѵ㲻֪
տգѽ԰ָߣ֪˭ڹʹɵøأ
Ҵĺưĺһտˡ
̧ͷһ۳ǽϵһץӣһֱסƣ˫һţɵԾڳǽϲ˼±ǽͷ
Ϣ
ûоֵʿɵĽ˷ͳС
ΪԵʣϿһˣֻѲߵʿжӾ
˴סĶҿ˿Լ·äëַˣֲ嶫
ҵǸԶĴ˿ǣ֣ߣ
ҹ̽ͳǣԭӦһܴ̼£ΪκƸоԼҾͺԼƵģܶðŷۺݣ컵Ĳˣ

756 ͷ

ԴӴ˰֮󣬹˴Ҳû֮ǰôùˡ
˵͢Ҫ˹ıȨҪдһݸ۵ȥ
ǰǱ߹ص죬һţ߹ضҪڣսͣŴۿۣжĴҲԽԽˡ
˵뵽عص£˴ķĹ˿ھơ
״谮СæΪƣ˵ЩСֻڱ˵˻󽫾Ϊ
ߣǣǸҵ˵ͱҿͷˣ˴ߺߵ˵һȺĿǳĴعֲﶪģΪҪұ
СæͣǣسǵĽôֵܹ󽫾ͷϣ
ɳ͢ô뵽ۣ˴ЩգعصĽѾսˣҾƵҲа
˵ţ̾˿
С檲ҶԳ͢¶ԣģתתת˻⣺˵Ǵ󽫾ӢûЩǡĻǷͳǵϰﻹаӹⶼǴ󽫾Ĺأū澾󽫾һ
ģιҺȣ˴ﱻеĺܿģЦ˵
ں飬߹˵׻ĵ̣ʲô÷յģ
ֻҪûзͨѹȻԼţԼʲôµģˣԼĽǻʺ
뿪֮󣬹˴գǰ¡
˹ϴ齣ѬȾѾȴһУֻ˵ȣִᷢһһϸϸͲͱƴֽ˽һɰ̡
ҿźװģﴵҩʮΪβݶƿƬֱȥ
ƣ
԰Ϊʲô
ܲ˵ԼƬﶼôݵİɣ
ڵһɺҩȻӣջǹŴջٱƽʱϦദˣֻҪҹ£ɸɴԷͲʶˡ
ţ˵ջһʮҪŦأ
ŴνĴײͣţϵŮ졣˵ջڹӦġ
ջĵС֪ʶԨֻҪǮܻش
ߣдʾԼΪһ֦֪ߵغСɫܣջʼӦ֦
ţƵ˼ƮԶˡ
ҼԼ˸֮ƾͿʼ񣬲ɺЦĵʵƣʲôأ
ջѿڶʶԼʧˡ
üջĶ
ף㲻֪ջ۾һĪλѹûջԼҪҪһ䣿
°Ϳʼ˼
ҿֿʼεЦˣǻҪҪȥˣ
ȻҪعһĥļơ
ô˴Ĵ󽫾Ϊ˸˰һѵ
ڲɱôҲҪһĽѵ
ƺԥžͽȻȴһɿӵǰץһߵı˦ָ˻Եϡ
ҵĶʶԷ´ϵ˲ţԼۡ
ǲԼҾͿԿ
Գһ䣺㶼˲ҿ
ڣ뿴ʲô˴ѾķԼÿ
ҾǿղǸ˵İĹ˴ƨŮ˳ʲôƷӦܿĽ͵
ɫԻƳһۣͺ۾ɿƿߣһˣ𿴣
˵ţһ±ӣǸŮ˵סˡ
ƣ
ˣĿҲǸŮˣ
ӻͳһźذףߵǰŹ˴ԴرȻ
ҿĶ²⣺ƣݣ
ǣҪͷƴ
ͷлǰĴ֮һġμǡأ
ļǵһֽݡ潫ݵĹּɮɮʦͽݾɿ̣סСꡣʷ̫̲飬˷ֱ׸ס䡢ϯͲľڣ̧ȥ䡣ҹ䣬Ǳ빬Уѹɡ̫ͷȫˡ
ʱŴͷĿɿڴرϲУԺһֱӡ̡
λ棬ǽ巢֮ڸĸģҪѹ˴ͷ⣬Էûȥˣ
߷Ծ£ǾԲܷڹ˴ô˽ϵģԺƺĹ˴벻Ѱ̼
˵ذ׾Ϳʼ˴ͷ
ԷҩԲѣһҲû¡
ź޶ĶҶԼͷƤۡ
ƣͷǸѧİɣеʵ
ҪȻúһСôö˶˵뵽Ҫͷأ
һ㶣ѧģͷ𣿡
ûͲ˵ˡ
һͷһ룬ˡ
ҵ»֮ҹҺƴȥϵʱ򣬲ǾԵĸͶԷС˹ͷ
ѹԼղŶⳡһĪϤأ
ߺߣ㲻ǺȶƬ𣿡һ
΢΢۾ЦƦ˧ʱǶƬˣˡ
պã˴ɣҸŮ꣡Ʊ˻ơ
óذߵͷȻһץס˴ʣͷԷԴΪ³Ŀʼͷ
ãϴθͷƤû˵˼Ұ㣬ڹ˴ͷȴѾĵ滮˺üˡ
֪зִģЩ˿ڿѪĺˣʵ϶ֻ˸Ƥû
ͷֶÿռĹҵ˹˴ңɨһ֮뿪ˡ
գ쳹򱱴󽫾ۡͳǷǽϣһӶʿҰץˣĲľԱ
ЩͲҺͺĵˣΪҹ뿪˷ͳǡ

757 뱱Įк

Һͺǰͳǣһһܹķҹ
Ϊǰֻƥ;ûеطԺֻøƥȪˮͣι˿ռĲϺˮָ
˭֪ƥȪˮϴ֮󣬲ǿһԡ
ⲻúΪ⣬û뵽ԼȪˮڶﻹиʺ͵㻯ĹЧ
ҲҺƥԣզĺû
ˣ˼·ǵߵҪɢˡ
ȻƥѾԣȻ᲻ûҵ磬Լꡣ
˻ص߳ǵʱҹ
ʱ߳ǵĳһªס
ÿﶼһޱǼͬһޱ໥ȡů˯
ƽռÿտտԼҷŲ߹һ
ȻȻᾣȴٻ̿ãȻеϴһ˿ȻЦݡ
ʵϰ㡣ҪĲһҡƵп
Ҳ鿴һֳſڻʿѲߣ˺ڰ
û뵽֪ĺȫʿЩֳʲô¶ˡźƵû˵ĵطóצ
Ϲأ
ǽᳵ·
һ͵Ц٩߱ڵģ۴
۴ҶԺƵЩһͲʲôʿĪΪȥ
ٺ٣ǿԵٸƶеִûŷɥúĽȻײβǲڽˣȻǵĴ˵Խ˵Խ˷ܣֻŵǵδ
ĬĬţ΢΢
ŵл̽ģǽֻûʱ䣬Ҫر߹ء
˵ĬĬպٸԲΡ
˻صլԺֵҹа֮ûоκˡ
һ磬˷ʱȻЩ죬Ҳѯʡ
Ϊ뿪ʱųȥׯѲһ£ٿٽ̵⣬Ҷ֪ǸˣԲûлɡ
߳ǵѾõĲˣһж죬һжõķչҺͺƵ˱ûڱ߳Ƕ̷شƽ
һ·ϣʱʱܼ·Եʬס
Ϊû£Դ඼ǽʬ̧һߣһЩ֦
һıڸӣŲϯˣٲľڼʯͷΪǡ
ʬԽԽ࣬ƲüСߵģ
Ǵ죬¶Ȼůʬá
취ƾЩʬ嶪ڵϣ⡣
ߣʶԣѯδܱⷢߡ
Ʊ㽫Լ֪Ϥ˵˳
룬ҳֽдһţȻԸаӱ޵ķر߳ǣ취ԿС
Ǹù٣źһӵģοơ
ѾǴʬ壬Ѷ̫󣬲罻ٸȽ׵
Ȼеĵط̰۸ܣ£漰±ִеİٷ֮档
·඼֮⣬ֻѰݵ
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ܣЩ˱仯ӿһɱķŭ
ǣһ񱩶ˡ
Ȼֻ࣬мˣЩûʲô˵ȴѾ㹻ơ
ǳĴ̣ʳ·һƷ
û˵¹͹ص˱ñҰ޻£ȫʧ˱ԡ
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Ϣʱļᵽɤ۶ƼҪصƽµСʲôʧ
ʮţʯͷ»ȥƽһҹаʮ»Ͳ书СˣЩһ
Ҳ˲øС˵һЩʳ֮뿪ˡ
ԭҹ·̣ӦǱѹһ졣
ƸЩ˵ιһЩϡ͵ȪˮȻƥܵÿ°ĭ֫鴤ˡ
ƽ⣬ٸֳֻѺ͵˶š
ͷһɷıδ󺺣ţ¶΢΢ŵĶӡ
ǰɣȰ㲻Ҫ׷ѹˣŷҵ˽ȥұ㲻˽ǽҵլӣ㿴ôɤŵĳﺰ
ƽĳǽֻܰ׸ߣ˴־ܷȥ
ʱվڳǽϣųЩ
ⲻǱ
񣬻ͬ飬Էʧȥ԰Ԯ֣ɶԷӡ
ЩҪȴʳ
ٽӱЩ˽ȥ˲ˣȳһ㽫ԷʳǮȫߡ
ߣŮ춼ûзŹ
Ϊ뱱Įʲôͬ
ˣֻҪҽڴƽ򣬾;ԲȺ̤ƽһĺȵ
һ̬ΧĴƽնʱ
gϾЩİնǽ֯ģкܶ˶ǽҵĵ軧ƽջ½𷫷ЩֿѶԷŽ
𷫵ĺŭ˱죬ǸԲĴЦƲԳԷƣãǣɱƽĺȥ
ȺѴһ⻰ȥ
ƽĳǽʼֻ׸ߣֵؽģǰս´дӿ룬𷫱Ͻͣһ룬ֽǽֶһס
׸ߵĳǽȻֻҪ־ͿԽȥ
Լ׺ݵıҪ֯ļٰסƽ̫ˣ
Ҳ֪һ㣬·ˣ
ļ԰Ĳҵ룡

758 ƽһҹ

׸ߵĳǽסײеı
ӿȥееĵӿųǽϵİգеַԽǽеĲ֪
İƽѪ
ʱ뱩ԿѾǼˡ
ܿ죬б˳ǽ֮ȺǰڳǽһƬҡ
еİùҪıΣȴԷһ˶ӣء
һձڵأǽӿ˸ı
ײŵЩգź¡һ죬ƽĴűײˡ
𷫼Ʋãֻôʱˡ
ɳ˽𸮵ļҶ͵軧ȽĻ֮⣬౻Ĵƽͱ˵ҵĳԼҵķȥ
ⲻ֪Ӽ˱ԡ
ɢܵİգһֻֻ򣬶ԵȺ
ǣӡŮ˶ڵǣ尡Цź
Ⱥֳıʱ¶ĳЩƵİճ˹ȥ
һӲŸոܵſڣƿŻϣͱںı˽ȥ
ܿŮ˵Ŀ޺ǸˣڱսȥʱͷϱһѪڵ彥ˡ
еȽſһЩصнŲϣȴȻ潫ҿǷǽֵǮĶѹһա
õģֻʧ򣬵ôã߸ԼӷģǱȻһٶᶪ
ɱӶᡢŮ㣬еıˬ֮ȻһѻӶˡ
һҹĴƽĴǻͿ޺˼
עǴƽһҹ
ȻҲû񴳽ȥĵط
ҵĴլԺζ¥լӣٱƵ˽˹ݡ
ʱϵ˶˽˹û˰ƽ塣
ʵһ˺ǹϡСϵ˻ȥģ׼´ϴһ
˭֪û߳ɣˣȫϡ
Ķŵˣ˵жˣ
˵ǺüˡɫҲѿܾԼΪȴȥЩ
룬ţСϡҲСԲǧܡǸҳȥ
һҪȥæץסôңȥ
Ҳܹ⿿ЩţҪҲ֪ԼܰﲻʲôæģҲȥ棬ǿǰԺˡеĻðƹͺǶԺɣ
֣ãǧСЩ
Ӧһߡ
ţƽҲԺվš
㶣ǰʵǣ
ޣ̫ƣҳƽ誱Ľ͵
˵ʱ˹һ
˵ͷڵҪҲȥݰɣҺͺǶͦµġ
Ҳáлˣƽĺ⣬׵л
ͷȥǰԺ
˵ţ̧ű㳯ǰԺߣ˭֪ȴƽ誵Ҹһȥ
ɻ
ⲻǶ˸òκϵ¡
ƽ調ЦһȻǶˣٿ԰æȡ
ﲻЩΣҡû˼
һ˵꣬ͺ޲Լһ͡
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ô᣿ٿ԰æȰԥĽƽ誸ղ˵Ļ˳
ƽ誣ΪԼѾܲˣ˭֪Էʵڡ
ˣһ·ĬߵǰԺ
ǰԺߣһٴеӡ
֮£̫̫ȽϵڰοԼӣʲô£Ƕҵڣ˳岻
һԵİƹһߺȲһ߱ʾͬǣôˣųѹֶҳŶ㣡
ӺίһζҴʯͷȴûĪΪԼ̫ˣƽֵҲͰ
ţͼƽ߽ǰԺæ
ƹķ²豭ɻʵүôˣ
ߵﱾ˵ǺµĻȥԺǹһ˼ҺȲĺȲ裬죬ԭĻЩ˵ˡ
ƹ΢΢һЦͦõġжҵ˻ţĵĺܣ
ǣЩСӰһͶܸɵˣȺֻ۸ϰյĻ쵰öˣ̫̫Ҳ˵
ͷǾͺãǾͺá
Ȱƹͺ̫̫һȥԺɿ˼ͦõģֲ֪οڡ
үȲ𣿡ƹ˱裬к
溰ʹ죬߻ԼȲ裬ùŹּˡ
Һƽ誻ǱȽģֱ˵ƹ񣬺δһͬȥԺɣҾһҲ㱣
ƹǲ̫ЩģɿһۺüȻĸĵ˼Լβأ
ͷүͷ˲ӴŵĻǾ͡
ţţƹ񲻱ôæ˵
ƹֻлԼĲͲ豭׼ȥԺ
⸱ȥԺȲ͵ģѡ
ǰƹһǼģ
Ժۼ
ҺݹΰҲ㹻Χڲǰ˰ƹͺ̫̫֮⣬˶һͷģ
ƹ״ĵײɰ̾һûаЩݸ߼˰ǼţһٸҲСԺģ
Ȳ裡£жҵţǺܰȫİƹˣԼĲҪ衣
æкѾɶȥò豭
ò˵ƹĵ԰ɫҲ˲١
ھſλãĶɳü֪ʲô˼ôˣ

759 ң

⻰һʱˡ
ƹ񵹲Ķͣסˡ
˼ң
źɱпͲҽܲ³ʲô
Σ
´̲סһȺ
Ӵ̫̫Ҳ̾
ӣǵ⣬ġĴճδ飬֪
˵ȥƽҲŽ׷ʵ
Ȼ߽ʶѾã֮һֱ֮ˮ
߽ȥҲк
߽ߣΪԷҪԶţûôࡣ
߽ϣǿɾΣˣ
ȻҲ뵽һ㣬ɫˢף˵ȥŷѡ
ѣȥҿ˼ˣƽ׷ʡ
ҡͷҲ֪Ĵûϸ˵
϶ˣƽ誽վ
߽Ƣڳ͢вûнύѡ
˵߳ǣ߽ӦþֻԼͿ˼ء
˼ǶĽʿԼƾһꡣ
ֻǣҾڴƽߣһձΪȴڻûлĪǡ
뵽ƽ課סˣ̧Ⱦߣ֪Ķȥǣ
У̫Σˣæ
ƽ誵ΪΣգŸҪȥһ
һ£˵Ҹһȥ
У㲻ȥƽ誾ܾ
һҪȥһҪԼȥ˭ò
ƹ̲סԣˣȥʯ˵һ˸ȥһ˰˽ӻ
ȥҪʲôʱĥߴһҪˣ
˵аʮǸţȥһӦҲʲôΣա
ʯ䣬аʮĻ
˺аʮԥƽ誡
аʮһаգȫΣյӣһֱĬĸϴЩ⶯
ʹǱߡֹ
аʮ忴ĸʦ̬ȱ㹧˼֣˵ǵǣǻȥʹÿɺã
˵ϴѵӦϸˣһξŸ粻ڴƽһֻˣֳȥѾǼˡ
аʮҲΪѣٷ˳ȥֻ޷ĸһ˵İȫ
ҺøϴҲֲˣԵ˵ͷã鷳ˣǧעⰲȫ
ãаʮмĿ˸ϴһۣԸ˻ƽ뿪
ʱ򣬰Ҳû书Ĵˣֱһһҵļƽ誵ĸ첲ǽͷԾ˳ȥԺеһ˿ɵۡ
̫̫е͵ʵ⡢ǡܰ쵽ģôߣ
̣书ӸƳ˼ţ˲ټʶҲ˽¼аʮ֡
̫̫㵼ˣ书ӣզ֪ѵҲѧˣ
̣ҲᡣǸʯͷֵܻᣡӲ˼Ӻס
̫̫૵˲ð˲ãӣɵøǶҺúøɣҪжģñˣҾȲӣ
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˵ĶԻϺͺ˶ˡǴӲ֪ƾȻ£ʶô֡
Сǳɶ۸ǰȥĶʶЩأ
ϺͺԺﲻԼͬһ֡ң
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ʱʱͻʧһӣ˵ǳ⡭ЩӦöʶģ
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ʱƽ誺أ߽п˼һҡ
߽ſ˼ص˼رԼϱƽſ˼صһԶŮ
ȻһǱôûˡ
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ϼ״æȥȡһЩӳԡ
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˼صϱʱѾϵл֮ųŶŮ˵ͷ
ҲòϵлȻССڳ
һߣ߽˲裬ںæĵݹ
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ң߽ҡҡͷ̾˿
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˵ĻǺ˰֣ʿĪҪ⡢Ӧõġ
ﲻԴǣ˼ҿ˼ǽʿһʿле
߽֪Ϊˣ˵ϵܣ׻ھͲ˵ˡģպƽ誽̵һºĶӾУ
壿˼ӿɳˡ
ղǳƺ˼ҺİɣĪ˼ᣬʵܴˣ
ܰɣԷӺͶŮҲ񰡣
˼ɲϡһԵĺϣе״߽ݹһɻ
߽΢죬εһǸֹֻۣºʹҲ⡣ʯǵȥˣӦÿ԰ıߡ
ϣˡϴ̾˿ɫ
ʱʹȷʵѾҳһѷ䡣
Щ޸֮Ĵ͵ǱĶ֣ûκεֿ֮ͱǳ˽
֣ȥҪȴԷһӴԴԵһԡ
֣СԭںԺ͵͵ţһױ򵹣ͷײǸԼ׵ˡ
ֳľıһСӷ޶ס֣СĲӾҪǽҡ
ƵڵصĹ˴ۿѣҪȴߵϡ
ҽĻҲزֻĿ֣СǸ
֣СΣڵϦ֮ʱҽſͻȻһŭȣң

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ƣҪʲô
ԷϲպҲöȦӡ
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ţۣʱϬ
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̫̫ܺҲ̶ĳϱԼ˵ʱֹɸоʮӡ
һƶż˵ţ㻹аɣҾͲϲЩ̶㣬鷳㲻ͷ϶͹
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ǼѡͷȥǴĶľˡ̶һ̫̫Ҫ㰵ãæЦȰȻѹں̫̫˵㲻ֵɶǮϴ顣ҪõϣպҪҪģ
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л֮ǰչǣҿӺСˣͲͷˣ˵꣬ӺСҪߡ
īæһסǣ㿿ʲôܵãȥ͵𣿡
仰˹ӵϵףӶʱ߳ŭ
Σܱһֱ˽ӼõĺãӹŲӣ۾һֻ־С
Ĺӱȥ곤һЩȻЩݣȴͬǰƼݣɫ
ʱ񣬴һЩ档
ӺСɵĸȻƽﶼԹΪ׵ġ
ƴӣͻȻζĿʵӼã֮ǰҽӼôôû˵ͷңĪڳԱ㣬ԼˣͲˣ
Ҳûв㣡
ЦеʣΪ㶼ˣ˭ѧĽˣţ
ӱʵǺ֪ôش
ͻȻڣǽǵ𣿡
ӵѣŷӦԼƴƫ˻⣬æ˵ԣǶˣ˼Ҳ㣡㾡𣿡
ƺ⣬û뵽ӾȻǹӵĻʦ
ȻԷֻӣ׼رԼĴ
ŹӡӺСƵıʮֳϿңԲ𣡽ȷʵæˣǵǸϣǿԸһĻᣬ𣿡
˴û뵽ͻȻϴһʱ֮Щ֪롣
ǹӡ
Ϊƿ϶һǳԼ˵ôˣ˭֪ԷȻǵǸϴ
ս׼ĹӸоԼһ·޻ϣûʮֵܡ
ƻڵȴǵĻشЩŤ󣺡ʵʵҲûжԲǡϾǸҲûʲôϵչǾѾ
Ӹ硣ͻȻڴ˹ӵĻ
Ǿ䡰Ѿܺˡ㿨ںû˵
ף˼ƿӵĻʮȤ
Ī֮ǰıʲô
Сһͺܵչ˵ĺܺãԲûв
ȿȣӸɿһӣȻʵôǣǶ𣿡
˸ƣǳȥ˵ɣ
˵꣬С䣬ԸԷһȲ裬Щ֮Ķ
¥£ƺĶһֱԼĺ˵ҽҪȥȪˮءǲȪˮǸʲôĵطҼ򵥸ǽһ°ɣ
֪ڴ̣˵
ƾȵĿһۣЦˣ԰֪ͦ࣡սʱˣڱĮӦòҲ˵׼˭֪ĮǱ߻᲻ַʲô˻ȱʳǾҪǴұӶģǻ˾ǿǴұˣȴʲôֱ
ӺѵǾƾ
ӿźƣȻûпڣȴһ˿ɻ
ԽĺȤŰ꣬ĸһӡ
Ǿίֵ𣿡Цʵ
ӺӲԼͬҡͷ
СһڳԣҡͷҲҡͷ
Աߵī̲סһЦ˳ⲻԿԸİ
ڱĮȺӣֻɱˣǲצӣǲŻ᲻ַȻҲֻǶڣʱˣǾۣҪٷƿŶԼ˵ĺӣЦЦȪˮλڱ߹ĵط뱱Įڣ˵׼ͻ̣ʮֵΣաôϸһ£ҪҪȥȪˮأ
īһ㶣ˣ㡭
˸ֹƣӣھ̻ʱʱ䣬ǿԺúһ룬ż
ӺһС˵ı飬ĵ˵ͷ
ԱСͷˣҲŵͷȴСĽİˡ
Сȥ񣬾ͱסˡ
ãҸ񡣡˵ţȥǰĴĻңûظС
ӺСֻһ꣬ѾС˰ͷСȴʤһ
ƽСչ˵ļãԲŻڲһʱͱİװֵģԲģɰˡ
аĻ׸һ˿οɫ
ҪʲôīãÿˣԺңƽ䣬תߡ
īһըëƾɶҸãҲǿ˺òã㲻дҵ𣿡
ô֪ô⣿һۡ
īģûиҿ˵Ĵ
ȷҪˣü
īҭһ£˵ˡ
ȣȻƵԼˡ
ף⻰ĪѾԼԼˣ
뵽īЩģ豭̵ĺ˿ڲ衣
ӣ壬ҵĲ豭
ī
ǣкƽ㣬Ϊɶ壿īơԼô
̾һҴô꣬ĪǻΪԼ᣿?
⻰ˣīֻҴһòã
ʲôȻһϣƲ´Щš
ʵīͿűۡ
ҾıȽ϶࣬ԿīҪ죬Ǿ˵ƣλߵϺɱϣʮͷˡ
֮£īһȻҲ˲ĥѣⳡϵĥȴö˼ʺţûѪ˵ʡ
Ժô˵ȷʵǷԷθīȴһ塣
㾹Ȼ˵ϣīˡŶʮ갡ôˣ

770 һϷ

ưīһۣ鷳Լ𣿡
öѴ࣬ӻ˻֣ˣǻû緹ɣԵ㶫ӣҪʲô塣һ£ȥԺˣ
ī̲סСֹҲӦý壿
ƣָ۸ģ㻹ռұˣ
īʧɫ̫˰ɣ
תߡ
㡣ӿڽסˣһߣ
ôˣƲĻͷĿӹȷԼȥȪˮشʲô𣿻һ챱Į˴֪ôģҿδܻȫ
ӴѾˣԱܵã
ȴ˵㲻ȥȪˮأҪҲһ
٣ӣƾ˼һ£һıֻôе򰵺ں͸ϵչ
һ𣬿϶ûٴɣ
ǲԹֻܽĻ᳤ɻ£
뵽ƵĿרĳԵĵСϣʱĸġ
Ůã㿴ɿɰ
СԸȥȪˮ𣿡߹ȥСͷ
ССùĹҵģ̧ͷЦʱ͵˳ȥҾȥ
ԱߵϸĸС죬ȻֽСϵĸĵ
УҿԴȥҪԼ£ƿǣͲҪȥˣϾҲǺæģ
ӲԸС죺֪Ҫ
͵͵ק˹ӱ·һ£˵˵˵
һҪҵĻһϸӣ飡һָ
ӲѵҲҪ𣿡
ʺСûвɣǾͱ밴˵ȥĶǣҾԲȥȪˮأ͵͵ȥˣҲͻ
ӵ뷨Ҵ㬵Ƥ
ܲưʡ
ק˹һ£ӱž
ֻԼڣܣ
ܴ𣿡ʡ
ӵͷܣ
һۣã㣡ĻҲ㵽ͷϣʱͱҷˣ
̾㣬ԡ㲻Żң

֪Ż㣬һ£ƺƣ˵ڶ㣬ǣ
Ǳǵأߺߵʡ
˸۸ǣȻǳͷҲԼȥ˼ͻҪ֪ǻСӣ˶ϻԿģ
˵Լͷ̲סǡɺܿʶԼղǿнѹȥסЦ⡣
ָͷ㣬ȥȪˮԺһ˶֮⣬ÿ˻Ҫѡһѧš͵ǵİã
Ӻܾȣʲôն𣿡
͵УƵһۡ
类һˮķ͵Ҳա
ȷԼܵÿ죬ᱻץԺЦС͵ץ˿Ҫֵģ
ʶİֱʶˣֹûµĽ˫ִֻ࣬ȴճȭͷ
ƹ˵ǰһе͵˶ץסˣ鷸ƣ๼
͵Ҳþǻ˰һһǽٸƶأӹŲӷ
ĶôٸƶҸ˵ƾʲôͻñҲ˼׬ģЦҾǿģһ쵽ææµµҲ׬ЩǮЩؤʲôֻҪڵϵ˽Ӽáôѵ͵ҵȥӼЩؤͽ̽ٸƶǴҶɻˣڵϵϵڱ𣿷׬Ҳᱻ͵ߣοأ
һĹƿԡ
ûЩֻýٸƶһ൱¡
״Ʊһ˵Ҫ˼˵ҶǮΪʣԴһȥ壡ⲻ֪˵ỰԼҲñ˺õ˶ǣ˼촽촽㴵磬͵ȥ͵ˡʱץסֵ㣬Щ˵лҲûʧ
Щ˵лͼɶеˡ
ƳһۣͼľƭɵȥٸƶЩ˿ֲ´ֻɵϲŻǣ
ͷЩĿһī
ҸɶҺܸĸ㣬֣ˣӶ׬ģȥ͵֣ҵӣԲڽٸƶī˵
ӵͷҿǸ˵ĺܿŮ֣˻˻޷ĵı֣˸ϳˡ
˵ǸɣŮҵѾߣֽŲɾ͵ҵӣͼ֣ҵĹӣϳ˲Ӧ𣿡īЦҲֻӵĹ
ߺԴˡ
Ƶǲ֪£ĸīһ֪ӱӺƵĳ嶯֣֮ǽ˸ȥ͵֣˷׷˳ī棬ֻҪӾҪ֣ȥˡ
Сӣʮһ첻ɣ
֪Ϊīôͷˡ
ǰ¹ȥˣҲ˵ʲôҸղ˵ҪҪʰ׼һ߰ɣưһҹҲû˵̣շ
ӺӴӦһһȥԵúܱС
īƴ˸кתӻȥö
򣬺Ҳת˺Ժٱ֮ǰϺͺǿ϶һѻҪ
ȻΪԼĳžʹǶö࣬˵߶ʱһֹģܰĹػ

771 һ

ӵĶīðġ
Ȼڿӷûʱͨ飬ԴöϻΪģӲȱġ
ӻʱ򣬺õܵܺдӣԼסī˵¡
õв˵ĸ򼸸ׯӣЩӸסǶһЩ׼䣬һס֡
īһ㶣Ҫһһӵˣ
ǡЩ񡣡ѡ
īüͷҪЩɲǼ£ƽİҲδܽܣ
֮ǰЩƽµӰʹ̫ˣֻ´ƽ궼Ỷӭĵ
Щ޴ң󶼻ᱻƳɱ񣡴ƽĲҾѾˣҲϣҲ¡룬Ǵƽ򲻷㣬ǾȥӿǵҲڴƽ򣬳Ҫұģ
īƶˣƣ֪ľָε
˵ʲôأƲİīһۣжжֻ벻ģû£𣿡
ףף뵱ұĵһ̣㿴𣿡īȤ
ƺĻش𣺡ȻˣֻҪҵĽŲһұһ̾īģֻҪԼҾܱ֤°뱲Ӹ£ʳǣ
ɣ˵ĸƵģīѹţ˵£ȥ￪뷨𣿡
룺ͽطûرôҽȥ̫غͱ߳ǡЩҪĲǰǸһҾˣҲľ
֮ǰ̫صйһ֮ԵͷöԷ˻㲻
ǹһԸͶԷ˳ˮ顣
ڱ߳ǣ֪ѾڻְϹˣֻǱ߳ĴƲ̫ðڲƲԷĽչһ̫˳Ȼˣպñ߳ˣպȱˣβȥȫ
ֻǣȥ߳ؽ֮ǰҪȸ̸֪öԷչһ˵ҡ
ЩעϸһƱīˡ
̣ƴȻûлʱࡣ
կȳŮǶѾŽ㷻ѡΪܸߣ˷ǽȥģΪҪ㷻Ʒȥ
ɽɶүҪźһǰȪˮء
ɽ֪ƱǷﶼմһ֮ľԼźƲܷر֮
˵ԸⲻҪǮֻҪүһڷԾ͹ˡ
ƶԴ˲ûж˵ʲôɽڣȻҲԷŵΪʱ硣
дƶ㵱ˡ
Ͼ߾¥ҪԼҲæ
Ƶ˼ǴҪӺųȥƹѧѧο˱͹¥ż߽һˣ߽Ҳġ
⣬ƻҸæСԪϾõﳤط־Ҳ׵
ֻ⵽ϵǿҷԣΪϾýｻ˴ġ
Ǻ˵СԪҲˣԸϻشסһʱ䣬Լ뺢˿ٽӻ
Щϸڣƾøˡ
Щ֮⣬һӡǱƽ˵ٹúſͯ
ٹͿԿ𣿡ƺܲ죬ΪôҲҪȺʮԺܿ
꣬ϰꡭҲ̫С˰
ƽȴʴӱѣԺǿԾһȫһĺӡǱڵڷܣͯԿ϶û⡣
û뵽С˸ߵۡĪСͯ
ϲ֮࣬ȻʾȫҲϣҪС̫ѹ
ÿϧвᣬɳҪȥԶ衣
ƺڲڵϥ³лŬҲΪպİȣòߣ
ֱ֮ƽӰӣƻǾЩ䡣
һȪˮصԼһȲ
˰ôìܣ
ʵìܵĲֻкƣаʮаʮҲץİа⡣
ҹаʮŵֵۿĸ˱ҹ̸
аʮžԼ۶Ҫˣĸƺе㲻ظɰǺһͽ¸аʮ˵ˡ
ţаʮĿźӡ
ǺӵģǸӣ᲻ᱻӴаʮܱĴа
аޱ飺˭
аʮ죺ѵĸ˶Բӵ£Ҳܸӣ
аߣ㱳ӣĸҲԲӵ£
ɱ˵ᱳӵģаʮһæġ
аƳһۣǾ͹ܺԼ죡ٱ˵ĸлŲӵһ㣿
аʮӶʱ˵ˡ
ǰĽȻ֪뿪ƽԺܲõĳһЩ𻨸⣬ܲõĺһ÷ӾƣȻܲõ˯ˡ
֪˯˶ãһѡ
ʲô£Ƶһ˿˯ѵɳơ
аˣǰһȺסȥ·
ţǣƻ˻ͷŬԼһЩ
ӦòôûɫԼһȺܲǵ˰ɣ
ô˵аǿɶһװŵģ
ǡаƺЩΣЩԭ·ЪϢӡӸһһЩʳҲӵҪ
СΪǵ˰
ƿ򣬷ֹӡӺС˳ѾΧܲ͸ˡ
Ϊаǵػû˸ǰ

772 ǽӸ

֪аһзִ磬ȻЩյӵǰǿ϶Щӡ
Ҹϳаʮţڣӵİȫбϵġ
ֻӲ֪һ㡣
ЩֻΧţûȥаͷ
ѹȻܱңԽ˻ƹء
һСû֪
һʵóԵĸʱûֹ𣿡
ɽɶȰˣûа
Ʊ㲻ˣרĿ֡
ȥﶼ;УɽɶǾٺͺڵ£Ҳȱٳʳ˻öô¡
ΪүףǶԹԹۣǾ˵үĮֵúЯ
ҺãүĵػǺģûбĳӰ졣
㣬Եİɣ
İɣҼҺѾҹûԷˣҪˡ
СӣȾǣȾǰɣ

һУùַꡣ
ղѾѳĳʳˮָЩˡ
Ǹ
ڳСģѾʲôԵĶûˡ
ô˵Щ񶼲뿪ִΧԱҪʳ
¹ɵˣӣô죿
ʣӸ磬ûзֺͷβû¶棿
԰ΧˣôǣҲơ
ӺΣ˵϶ǺˣԲ㡣
ˣЩôҸһԵôܽأӷʮֱ׳
̾ãǵȺʱô˵᲻ٹ㣡
ʲô˼ǸȥȪˮأ᲻𣿡Ӵʧɫ
ĺۣ治֪ԴʲôĪΪǸȥȪˮؾ´ˣ
Ӹ磬úô㣿ƨɺʰ̯𣿡
㶣Ĵûô롣ֲ촳
촳촳һҲûܵ˰
ΪΣһרĳԸСͻȻЩĽʲôùܵˡ
һ˲ĵĸͷʹ
ֻѹӣӸ磬㲢ǷǵģǵˣƾʲôҪ˼ҹ㣿
ӦСɽ㰡ѿڶ
̾ǺǷСɽʲô˼ԸչǣȫһƬġӸ۸𣿡
۸ĸ˹ӵĵ㣬ԥķɿҡͷҲûУǲ۸˵ģ
ҪˣҪ۸Ҳ۸Щ
ӵһٻãҲʶԼղ̫³çˣǳԼֽˣɺΡ
㣡㣡վڳڵĵطһ߻ĵܵãһ߸ЩƵ
ڳţ̲סȻʧЦ̫֪ȡ
аʾˣҪЩ߰ɣ
ȥҪô˵һ£ӵ
ǣа󲽳ڵȥ
аЩ塣
šǴôаԾϳԯվڳԯϵЩѯʡ
һסЩ񣬹Ȼû˸ǰӵҲû˸ҳˡ
ЩԸŹεĻᣬֻһ۰Ͱ͵ĿŹӣ
ӺΪѣͬЩҲ
ЩĻ˵ڣΪԼҪչˣٸ˼鷳أ
аӲӡ
ĺӣʱı䲻Ҫȹӻ졣
磬忪ҪҪйСʵ
ףСӻе˼аô֪Ҫй£
˵ˡ̹Ȼ
а͵һͷ
ƺīʱûбܿ˵ʲôаȻ֪ġ
״ӱˣָͷָָǿԽ˵һܸڿġ
һʵת˵ģаޱ˵꣬Ծ
ЩƺҲʶʲôˢˢı˰ȴźǱߵĻظ
кӶ˿Ҳᱻ˷ɿסСš
аĻʮֲ죬û뵽СС;Ȼôࡣ
һС˾пһ䣬ЦӣҴӦˡЩȥƽīͽ𷫡ҪһѷĽӣѡȥˣˣЩָǣģһɲȥϹ
һѷӿȥֻ´ƽİҪΪˡ
аȥ
ʱ洫ǵĻ
ƿųᣬ΢΢
õ壬㡣
ʵǺԸµİǰǣԷֵԼ
֮һ·½
ѧˣŵĸǳԵģҪٸȥֻСõһͲˡ
ЩǴǱȽعصģеԶ飬̸ֹһе˵˷ˣе˻һЩջľ߽ȵȡ
ƾЩǿ֮ˣ㲻߶ʮһȫ߶Էȥƽīͽ𷫡
ܼкüٵ񵽵׸δãǾīͽ𷫸ͷ۵ˡ
ô˦ƹ񣬺һĵá
ͣͣ·ϺʱʮңڵִȪˮء
ԶԶȪˮΡĳǽƵϲ¶ЦݣôǽӸأ
ǼӸˡаȪˮؼӸˣعغͱصĳǽҲӸˣǰշͳǵı׼ġ
ˣ˭⣿Ȼ˴𣿡

773 ʹ

˺ƵĻа̲סЦܿ΢΢ͷ˱顣
˭֪ȴۼĿ³Եɡ
ǽ£Ҹɵģʵ
ȿȣаɿһĴش𣬡ֻƲ
ŶĻְȻ
а
ĻʣôŲǰأ
ĸôԼķĺ
صȪˮصլӣƺҵԼԺ乻԰ӵס޴´ࡣ
Ůб𣬹ӺһݣСԼһݡǵķ䰤ţºһСԼסẦ𣿡˵Сʵ
С룬ҡͷС¡
С¸ңƳЦЦͷСѾסӵ䣬ɺã
Сɵͷã
Ůӹɿɰϡ
ƾԼСʱϿ϶̲סֳĸЦĸİ
Ůĳ嶯ˣ
嶯ħ
ѸٰͷѹסȻӰڰ֣ˣԼʰɣҪæҰС䡣ȥϢˣ
Ȼʮ·ƣıǻصռúݸȻ˯һ
ڼң϶Ѿ֪ԼϢˣȻûгӭԼ
ߣƱʾܲģ
֪µˣﻹǲˡ
Ϊ֪Ҳ̬ƢˣƾԲȥҵģ
ҪúڼϢһ£ˣһʱҲԷɫ
ߣ
¶ģƽ˭Լ֮صԷ˿ռ䡣
һռ䣬տӭ˹
̧ĲӬһһģֻһӰڿлһԶȥ
һտձһԺɫ˻Űĺƿߣӣˣ飡ᣡԣ
Ҫᵹˣͷ̧۲³֣˵˻
ˣռ̳ƤأտŤ˵
ȤŶʲôܰ
տȵĻܣˣʹߣ֤ϲȲ˵ſ;µϸڣƾݸװĹֵܾ֣Ҫǣϲٰʮ˻֣򵽾׬ĳأ
ƣ
³ôǿĹܣȻٰʮ˻֣е̫˰ɣ
տգȷˣɵĶſտա
տڿųźƷȦͷûɫˣ˰ֻʣһ޹ؽҪĶ
Ŷôû˵ģؼģƲüʹߣ־֪϶ûô򵥣ֻǵʹ߾Ƿʦӿ켼ȴģ
տգˣܱô𣿡
˵úúõģʲôֳϷȥˣҲҺǸ˵Ǹ˵˶أ
ߣôҪԼȥ̳ϸ𣿡
ٺ٣ͷˣС˵տæȣǸʵһʧƷʹõʱһССĸá
Ȼˣտգаǲǣ
ûտôӵĿռ֣Ҳ֪˵Ķʲôģ
̲ס˼ԼռʱΪҪͼۻ
ˣں˿տ𣿡տһıµ뷨ʱˡ
һͷƵĻͷƴ䰡䣺ӣˣտոôãûйҲп͡ôĸ飬ʯͷҲӦ滯ѽôôģôãӡ
ָצӽԼϳһҪ㻹ǻǸƤɣ
ȪˮҮûкҪӾ𣿡տմͷµıţ޹գ۾
ԭôڴΪҰ
տռ᣺ˣڷֿտµ𣿡
ǹü
տջŵæȳ򣺡ûûУұ£κչһƬµ
ӦһƬ˦֣пն飬֪
տձ˦ö񶼵ͷסˣɴУˣտǾʹߺʵòŻƼģǵ㸱ãտվ޹ؽҪ
޹ؽҪĸûôˣƲŲţֱӴ򿪿ռ̳Լ
Ʒţ278833584
Ʒƣʹ
֣288
Ʒܣʹ߿ԸıԼڱֳģÿʮֻ֡Լʹã޷˸ı䡣
رѣƷиãʹڼ̼ڳһζ֮Ķ
Ʒܣƺܾöû˵˼
ô࣬տղЩûףСʵˣʲô𣿡
ƷšƳ
տͷһæһǴ֣ȴûʲô壺ˣʲô⣿
ûʲôе죡ڴ
տգ
ˣߵһʲôģտҲڹԼθڣֱʵˣҾûʲôⰡﲻͦõĪϲС
ǵǡƶСèСëֺȵĶﻹϲģֻǾЩף᲻Ѳǻˣ
ˣֲȥɽְ˵ˣȥɽֵĻҪ𣿡տշʡ
Ҳǣ룬ÿտ˵еȴܻе㲻ģԼʲô
տձȰˣ±ûûǿռ̳ǵĸأһڽʣټˣ˼һ󣬿ܾҪ
Ҫ˵˵Ǻأ
ԭƻеԥһҪˣԥѡ˶һ
ϲɹһƤʹߡ۳ٰʮ˵㣬ʣ߰ٶʮŵ㣡

774 ȨƵԭ

һ꣬ƾ;Լе嶯ˡ
Ѷϵˣˣʲôã
ٰʮǶʮŵ²׻ƹʳٰʮ˴
ٰʮ˴Σ鵰öడ
տһı֪˿϶Ǻˣæװæµȥｽء
ưһ±ܻܿǺʵõġ
ƷܵĽдʹ߿ԸıԼڱֳģǾ˵Ⲣݣ˲þ
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˸裬ƻһЩõ廨Ļꡭ
λûõ廨ģ¼
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Ͼõ廨ʻͦóԵģõ廨ҲܺúȰ
ʳȥģ
ڵʱŴҴҸϻģԷƲڣæȥаѯȥ
֪ƴӻûݺұ֪϶ǽռˡ
ӣĸû𣿡аеţû⵽ĸʱȥģҪҪȥң
Ȼøаϸ˵϶мȥ죬ͻˣȪˮڣʲôΣյģǧҪţй¶٣
аĸǰĮӪɱͼ³£ƤһæӦǡ
һصҵһƳֻдһ򵥵ȻִҴҷؾӪ
Ⱥһ˯ѣѾʱ䶼ˡ
˿ռ䣬ͷģѾˡ
ףһϵţһ£Ͻ͵ƶ˵㡣
տ²ۣҺû˽Ȼںڹ¡˵ķ￴ţҹҲôԼ͵ưɣ
һΪʲôңƿţʵ
տһ޹ˣ˵Ҫú˯һ׼𣿡
һ𣿺ƣȴ޷Լ֮ǰԹҲȥԼ˵ҪԷһѵġûң˵ʧ䡣
ҽΪʲôûȥԭ̬ȳϿҵĵǸ˵Ͼϻ
ʵڿ֮ǰһֱعЭؽ֮󣬺ƾͲˡ
ҲǼҴҵĴعظϻģֻûԼֻźָ˻ȥ
һһأӱҲҪʱǲôڡ
ҪȻԼȥعңһת⡣
տ̲ס˵ˣҲ̫˰ɣôϸӣµ𣿡
Լķʲôֵģƺԥķ̵Ľռ俪ʼóԵġ
ڵӣҿ϶סھӪô࣬϶˰ɣ
ԼҪúøУ
æµһʱƲŴӿռҲܴʱˣԾߡ
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аȵƻͷͼݶ
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а˿ûлɺƸûΪԴϰͻͽ츳˵аĸµһᾪȡ
ڣĸֻĸ֪֪լʲôϡģаû
ƳķߣаѯʵĸʲôʱģҪȥ
һ£ܿ췴ӦûҵԼ±а֪ˣ˵ͷţҿҸˣȥ
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аĬˡԼʲôһһҹû˯۾˻ҪĸӵĶһ
аһЧʣܿΪưźһС
Ҫ֪ڳǲһ׵¡ҳҲǹŵģҪ˲ŻῪŷС
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аҾӹӵֻǽá
ңû뵽̶£ҾͻôˡһΪٵĸо
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Ҳ˺ȪˮôʱıܣͲ֧ˡ
һ־ʶǳǿҵĶͲ֪ӦϢ֧ͣµʱѪܾͻܲˣѪܱѶ
ԡ
ɺôΪԼҪ·أֻ͵͵ιȪˮ
عصĳǽһƬڣЩȱĵطҪ޲
Ȼɱפؽлһĸо
һЩѾ뽫ʿһؽ԰иİղԸصʹѡԶ硣
ţߵʹȴԸƽ
̲ס̾˿˾ͽûеʵ۵ı£ȴҪıϻλĻա
ȨƵԭ
аúڳȺԼҹɫسǡ
һаˡ
ĸӪפаƥ˩ڳһľ׮ϣȻźǱعء
һߣһ߹۲عפľŲԼǳؽ
һ֣ң
ȻвپפعصķȴܡҲΪЩڲͬϵĲͣûЭͬصɣ
⣬عûһƿشֵͳ˧򣬸ӸΪ˭Ҳ˭ؽһϡ
Įˣԣǡ
Ƽֱ֪˵ʲôá

775 ֻģ

عӪԱȽϹĵطֵɨĺܸɾӪ¸Ǻõ·ݶʮ룬ԱӪҪһЩ
ֻǣµʱ㣬Ȼţ
ƾⲻµЧʡ
ѰסӪƸаû֪ȥİ취ϵұѾķ𣬵ͺȵ˭
³ˣæң
ƣһ㶣¶ϲ֮ɫ
ʱӪ˱ѣԺʵôˣ
û£ҹҵ
˱ַ˯ˡ
ҴѥӣȲĴӪܳһǰĺƱ̲סȥ䱧뻳С
ƣôˣҵǾϲ
ƹĺһôҪǲǲǾʹæȥˣ
ô᣿׼æ͸ϻȥģæ˵
Ķˣôϵ¸£
ƸţƭˣĽôٹ¶æꡣ
㶼ֽ˰ҵΣҲϽ˲
˭ôȱ°ѿڶ
ΪεĿһۡѾͷô
ȱĺð
һ棬Ҳ˵Щĵ£§ͷͷƣԲ𣡻Ҫң
ûգҵȻҪһЩЩ˼һ£ѽأ
а
벻Ҫҵˣ
Ȼаͷͼɱ
󱳺ë𣬽Ṧ˵£һ²ˡ
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ûˣһ˵꣬§˵Ľߡ
Ϊ˱Խʱ򷢳ʲôˣֱӴҽ˿ռ䡣
ƣҵơôŻҵţԵдһ˼ʹ
ôźƵüۣ٣˼ҹ롢Ժģ
ģ岻ķһЩ仯ơ
ЩΣ΢΢ɿ֣תźƣƣԡ?
ʱ򣿡Ʋˡ
ҸɿһţЩһֱæµªûԡ?
ðɣеɨˣͻȻ뵽һֿԡ
Īǡ
ѽͻȻеɬأ
ָ׼ԡͰˮӡëƷ˿ռ䡣
ԾݶԼ̵շ
ĸӻȥˣаԶԶĿƶһˣԾ˹
ţƻع°˵ǸȻȥɣҺһеҪ죡ͷҸһȪˮء
а㶣ĸҪµһ𣿡
òã˵Ҫأùܻȥư˰֣ȥҿŵ̺ӣӷҲҪַˣ
аֻǣĸ
аƼ˼һϴԼ˵Щʲôá
ղԼٳռ֮ǰÿռо˸ϣѾȫûˡ
ǸɶӦҲ˰ɣ
Ӧû֪أԼôأʾֱ˵
˺ܶ˼붷ʮַпŰ棬ְ棬ܻӭ棬мװͶͱ汾ȵȡ
Ƶʮ߸ʱ򣬿ռĿտϴˡ
ô죿һûоĸأƳһеš
տգˣҾƺʲôҿѾ˰
㶮ʲôҪѵĹ̲Բƺһ˿ռ䡣
ΪͷʪţҲδɢ
ͦΣɢͷٿȻҲᱻΪŮӣдżаȣӹǡ
̲סˡһڿˮȻͺˡ
ơҿǰ֣
ƺŤС߹ȥǸϴ˰
š߹ȥǣס֡
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ƣи뷨
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ռľĿɲһЩǣʵ
ɵˣ
ţЩľʲôõ𣿡ɻĿָָֿ󷽶ŵСɽһľġ
ƿȥʶĴûʲôð
һЩӦӦòãʵ
Դе㲻ת䣺ãȥǣ
ⶼʲôʱˣƽľ
ѽϽЩ´ºòã
һ˰
˵ߣʵľķĶھŲȥ
ڣҿЦãҵ˼˸͢ղǢľ
͢ǸһǹǳˣҲҡͷУֻģ
ҿЦãİɣⲢǸ͹ͣǲм׬̫ˮǸղֻŴ̰īһҲΪعصİտǡʱϵԽãʧԽá
ղôأԺһͷĵѣô£˵˵
Ҳ㽫عشʱһһʮĸפľ˭ˣҲͨͨ˺ơ
ǸղзԪţҲеīˮ˾ʶ
һη๤ʵ˾±߹ؽʿǶԳ͢Թû͵ˣ߱ų͢ʲôԲ˷ԪŹ鿴ල
Ԫ֪֮ģ±߹⼸ǳصĽʿŽһģһֱ
ؽس£ͱڳٻ
緶ԪŸÿǳĽʿǷֹȻÿͲ鿴һνȣֳǰ󣬸ǰľӽһˣĽʿֻܳԿʲˣӡ?
ֻҲͰˣÿȡϵʱ򣬷ϵľȴֻչ˻¸ǹϵľӣеľӸ첻㹻ĲϣÿνȶϺ
ʱһȻԹҶĺܣѾüγͻˡ?

776 

զࣺͻҲܵ𣿡
ôܣǰͲøͣߡ
Ϊ˾ϲǷǵСˣ͢Ż
ƺ£ܵ𣿡
ʲôµģ˵ԪֲǽûоȨԼ㷢Ź¼Ҳø𡣡Ҽͽ˷ԪŸԭ
ˣĥʵǸԪס
ұһæƣɱã
˵ģһԲϾҪ𣿡ƺܲ˵ľ졣
ߵ·ߺò
ӣҽǡ˵
ƵķṦΰҵɱͼ³ձĮݣ߱ĮСӡ
ôһϸ˵ģ
ˣ˵һֱ˯𣿡ͻȻռﻹһˣֻǴԼԺһֱδʵ
˵Լ׼˵вĮģ˭֪ͣ͢ٺһͬشƽôһæµ͸ˡ
ƵͷţÿտտֻҪҩЧ˾Եڿռתƻ
𣿡Һܲ졣
һֱԲʳİɣ
ЦиעӪҺֲ
ֲˡֲܶڱѵˣ˵ʴʻܺܿˣҲǿ
ԣԲû˼άһֱ˯Ρƴ˸ȷ
Ҿú棬Ȼ˲ԲȻԴ𣿡
ţ˯֮ǰ˿ܻеɣҲȷЩģΪԼһܳΡ
ͻȻ뵽һ⣺ûпܻ˯֮ΪԼĿռҲһΣ
Ҳ֪ʼ硣
ӵĵطǰλҲûгоס
΢΢üҪȻǰɱɣ
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ߣֲᡣü
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Ȼ֪ļһڴƤ⣡
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˵ţң㣬û취ߡаǡ
ҪңԸ⡣ҹ
ʱˣ㡢ôö˶˵ͻȻ͡˵𣿡
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տһϲˣѳɹһ˯˹Ƥٵ֣Ŀǰʣ֡
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տ˷ܵĻƤһɻˣ𣿡
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ңտպˡ
أ˵ˣտ𣿡տNɪķ˸˸ۡ
ƴＷ֣տգ
ӷ˰òҵˣ
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װ˯ˣɭɭĶſտգտգϲ˯ҿ㣡
ӣҪտֻǰһտæĴŽ׵ĳɹСֹ˼˯˶ҪѵģտȴǱѵģ
ưһۣҪ㿼飿
ҲһͷëƵģܿ˭
ëӣտؿһҪεӣˣʲôɫʲôˣ
͵ЦҲŲŰأ˵ֱֻгͶ̷֣ͼֱǶţ٣
ֱʲô˼ȴǿǲ˵ķͣʲôͶģ
۾ˣллҲôã
տ޿ںͷʬ״ˣң뾲
͵ɻˣҿЧΣֱֽԼͷ޶Ȼ󳯲ֿȥ
һż׵ľ˵Ŀ档
óҩι˵Уտգ׼ʼɣ
ǣˣտշɵ˵ϣؿϣ˫һգգĶŶԷȴԷ
һ˵Ƥ΢΢Ƥܿת
Ǽǰס
տյͻȻޱȿ飬ڵ˵˵ɾ֮Уﻨ㣬һŵҷζʮ

777 ɽ

ʱտսߣ˵ٶ˯
ˣɣΪ˼ӡö߼βŻȫΪһξ
ףã¾ͽ
֤񣡡տƤľ˸
ͻȻʵҪã
տպܿ𰸣졣
ұ㲻˵ˡ
տ˽һ´ߵľ幦ܺӰЧ֮󣬺ƱڰÿտԼҵطȥ
տΪԹһ߷ߣһС٣˼ҵʱ˼С𣬲˼ҵʱ顭
ҶС⻰ôô졣
ȿȣǲôƺ˭ƾڲԼҲ仰Ȥҵ£ǺƤˮ
üаĹŶҪҪΪ䣿
ÿο⸱Ʀ˧аȵģƵСͻ̲סͨͨ
оǻﵥһֻСãǻС÷ˡ
ǸǸǼ˵ľĵ£ƺ˺һŬӡ
ҺЦĿľĵ²˵𣿡
̫ɰˣ
ղԼҪԡʱСѾͷһԼģ
ڣԼûĲҽӲˡ
ûУ˵˵Ԫŵ£Ϊֹʲôص㣬˵ûпͷƽո˭֮ġʵ쳣ϸ
쳣ƣʲô
ѽʲôҰľԪţҲһὫЩľĲ㰡Ҫ˽һˣľĶáҡһ£õģ
Һܺ棺÷ԪŰľĶңҪʲô
ɽƣ˸ӣû˵Լݵ
ѣƣǧðգ
ѽûΣ˵Ƽҡִߴ١
ҿ챻εĶˣúúã˵а취÷ԪŲľĵĻҲ𵥵ָͻعĽҲҪһЩ
ţǸ㲻ԸǸϵð̧ͷ
ǿ佱Сһͷ߶У㲻ٲ²£
Ƶͷ룺òʵˣȻװԸɣ
Ϊ𾪣źƵдŹâƣ̫Ҿϲˣ
¶ˣԼҲܲ졣
ףϴһ˿ӵı飺ôײ³ҶЩԼƽǲ¶ʲôˡ᲻Ҳµˡ
ᣡûôЦ
ǰӾкܶ඼ôģʵһʵʩɣ
ƲҰﰲ˶ˣΪԼ¶ʲôʹöԷ¶
֪֮ԼûǸȨıԴϣͰĵںˡ
ңͦϲڹġ
⣬׬׬ӣʳҵľӡۣͺгɾ͸أ
Ҫʱ򣬺ҳռ䷵ӪԼټ档
û취ĵĶһһ飬СģһΣվͽռ䡣
֤Σգͽͳ˿ռ䣬ԼǱȥ˷ԪŵӪ
Ҫȥ͵͵۲췶ԪŵһһʲôΣѽ
죬аȡľģԪ̸⡣
̲סʣƣ㵽ٸʲôãòҰæ
òãư֣ǣұ֤ľüǮ
Ҹˣ㻹׼üǮԪŻӦĪץסʲôѱ
ȺƻشҡͷܰԪھżëץ̰Ƶİѱ
ѽҶ˵ɽƣűˣһ˵һߴߴҸϽҰľķԶƬһֱҷԪžС
ô򵥣Ȼ
ĵͷƺðɣ
պһλӻ׵عء
ԳľġʯģҪݼˡ
Ϊλƹر󷽣һ͸سŵСТӣַЦر˳ۣǸС㽫Ŷȥ
ԭΪԷԪŵԸӰ˵̼֣˭֪һԪžȻţ˵Ҫһλƹ
һͷˮ׷Ԫź«ʲôҩ
ؽعõԭѶ̼ң˵ǲҪΪЩĵġ˭֪ṩľĵĿ׼ҲСĳ˲ӣŵľĶȱֻʱʱͣϡ
֮ǰԪҲȷʵ˶ףڿ׼ҸһѽƱò֮Ѿ˿ڷ˰ּλƹ񣬵Ϊİ㣿
˽²²⣬᲻ǷԪ˻ô׼ңһľĵˣΪۣÿ׼ҳѪ
˭֪ƹ˷ԪŵӪûþЦݵĳˡ
˺ʱƹƷѾľģͻȥ˽ľ͹
ϢһһƬȻ
˺ĵƹ񣺡˵𣿡
Ȼ˿ǳ֮ˣȸӲͻƹֺǺǵ˵ţеƱֿٷ˻ȥλģҵľľԺãϣҲһһĺûԶԵ۸񣬲ôʧģ
ȻĶܿ죬ȻۼĿƱϵɾȵĵһ
ƹľôģôôӰ
ƹǺһЦǸˡҲ͸¶ˣҿǸ˷˱ϻ͵ļ۸ǴȥպҶҽۣҪ
˵ţ˹˹֣뿪
ƹһߣعصĽʿǶʱը˹
˾Ȼ˵ľģǿ׼Ը𣿡
ֻֿ죬׼ҵ˾ͻ
ղĴ֮һ˺ׯ˭Ѻע


778 вӬ

ƹرЧʣʹŻǰľĶˡ
Ԫ¶棬԰ƹ񣺡ƹΪ̼֣ȴ۴֣ҵ֮عؽЩط԰ػ˾壡
ƹ˼䣬˵һЩԪŵĻŻ뿪
󣬷ԪֱʾƹϵҹƷ¸е̼֣ԿɴȲɹԷԭϡ
˻һ˽Ծ
ҵҲЩŹ֣µĴŷԪš
ƹȻˣ
÷Ԫ˸һأ
ĪǴߣ
ԣ֮ǰƷ˵ֻܹԷʾñߵԸȷ仯
Խ룬ҾԽ棬̲סֱŷԪ˼
ȿȣٻʲôԪŻ˻֣ϿԼΧĲӬȻ󿪿ʵ
һعʶԼ˷Ԫŵ⣺ĩû˽Ӣ
仰ɲƨ
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ԼүȻĪŷ̵Ľ͵үҵˮˣҪЩˮ
ֲש裬ʲôģЩˮ˼ҶûȣķСһ䣬ȻͷĳĪ˻֣˺ˣǶȥæɣˣҺпүҪ̣ˣĸŮūʰʰһпү͹
Ȼǵһθ˽ŮūˣĪܼҺС֮ӦʮƽȻѾ˾ռˡ
ĪܼҺСˣķų³һ˶и
״ааʮŲɻƺΪλһԼ˵ģ
ʱڴҵааʮţ
ԥ̧ȴķ߼ķһվſڸ硣
һааʮ̧˸Ӵ߳
Ŷҵѣ죡ЩССϣϲſڵķ˵
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ĸŮūĵʰˣÿ˱һСװԼϴ
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Ҽ״̲ס΢΢üժˡ
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ǸŮūС͵пүժŮūܵģԽϵԺýҲϣҺҽУ
ⶼǾ̸֮Сᳵ·
Ե˵ͷааʮʹ˸ɫȥϹ
ǣүа
̧ߣΪķ֮ǰĻȣһ·
ʱааʮűһ˸һˡ
аϽԺУаʮڴȺ
ŮūаķԽ͵˴⡣
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šķ۰Ͱ͵Լһᣬ޲øԼһߵӣҲ̲ס̧ȥͷˡ
ôôɰǶķ⸱ªƤңҲȻ̲סҪݺݵϡһ
ģҲǵģšķڱ֤
ķڰǰһǺáϳɣ
ţһۣתԾ
ķ̲סǰһǧ˰
ãĵͷӦ
ǡƻ˵Щʲôȴһϡ
аʮʵڿȥˣɿȼ˵үǸˣ
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ķĸ۾
ûϹͶ
Ḭ̄ͼԷϵŮū
ĸĽָͷȲϣ
ΪааʮŲ֪ܹݵ£Ҳ֪ľװķʬ壬ΪӽĸķĸС
˵ʵаʮЩġ
ĸʵ̫ΣˣǸķһͶĸĻ죡
Գ𣿾Ȼһĸɫļһϧ
аʮŲҶΣĵķһۣۺ֮⡣
һ㶣ŷӦԼʱķ
ڱֵúѷȷʵ̫ˣҲѹаʮŻᡣ
аʮҲǲԼӵĪΪһķ׳Ȥ
붼񺮣
ǣתصۡ
֪ʱ˿ԼĿʼ
һĪܼҵɡ
ʱûˣĪܼҶԴķ̬ȶʱղŽȻͬ
үп̸Щʲôĵϸ𣿡Īܼѯʵ
̬ȫûһܼӦеĹǳ
Щͷۣⲻͷİ˰֣λп֡ƤĿдͷˣһãҿɾͷˣ˵պһָܻϵٹ⣡Ī棬
ĪࣺүĸֻϣƽĻţȢӣϣðȥָϵٹ⣡
ά״ƽ𣿱Ϊҳŵʱ򿴲Щһ￴ҵ񣡡ǺһŭģķҷϣҾԲôĻһӣҵĶӣҵҲôĻȥ㶮𣿡
ⷬ׳־ĻĪ޻˵
ĬȻһ̾˿ðɣֻҪүԼʲôͺã⣬˿ү˵ջᵽϰݷã
ʲô˿ȫû˵ˣҲ֪Էʲôͷ
ǣΨһ뵽ıսԼп֣кҪҪ̸
ĪܼҲûɣֻ̾үԭӦ˿үŮūпү˿ү֪ˣ϶Ҫģ£ҾӦøпүа취⣡
ȻҪҴˣţ¶ͬɫţôģ
ӦĪܼңƴ鷿ȥ徻
ǣջص鷿ſڣȻһ鷳

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ķֻͱûֱ˹ȥ˰ɣ
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ķԼ̬䵭ʱ̬ȣίΪԼ͵ү˼Ҳǹİ˼Ϊүأ
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һССŮūҸԼүô˵
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˵꣬Ť֫߳ȥˡ
欵ıӰ̲סһ䣺ǸС
ԼΪŮ˶еܲסοЩ°˼ˣ
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ʱ˿̣˵ʲôҲͽ͵ģΨнƵĸϤУպƽ£ԽɽΪƸ
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789 һƱ

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Ҫ֪Įĸ֮ԭͲ̫ȫĮѹšһ£һЩìܣǱĮȻһ󣬶֮ڶ޷սұˡ
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Щ꣬ҲڱĮһЩӣֻǺѻ뱱ĮͥڲӸλԻõ鱨ʼޡ
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ԣҺͺ֮󣬾һƱģ
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ˣүķͷϣˮЩˡ
Ī״Ҳٶ˵ת뿪ˡ
ֻ뿪ʱı·һЩ·ʲôѹһ㡣
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΢΢죺Ȼݹܺǿ󣬵һǵԼ¶šǸƻļһ
ǰûмķ˿տմˣڻġס֣ʱǾҽ뿪£Ҿͺá
û˵꣬ͷҡø˹һвУүҼȻúõĴȥˣȻҲҪúõĴ

790 Ϲʢ

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ڴұԹΪأҲ³һΪµһʼٹ졣
ڱĮشĽǵйء
ǱĮӶ࣬ǸϧˮԴʳ
һĵգǱĮꡣ
＾ũˣĮ˽һ֮ӭǱĮСꡣ
شм䣬һļĽգ˵󲻴˵ССϹڡԢŹϹգۡ
ڣǱĮĹϹڡ
һ죬Įͥʢ磬бĮ߹ٽԼ쳤μӡ
ȻμͥʢҲϺ񣬹ף˳＾գұȵȡ
廨ţʽ
еʯ̵ðڼеͽңе;ɫŮū
ңŮūĻ
ߣ滹дұŮū֮ǰ̵ʱعġ
һԼʮŮۺֵıżٵ·˫۱ԼȺĮĸ߹ٽȴԼ뷨ûֱ׵ĿⶢǸŮЦʱ򣬺Ƿŭơ
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ʵ쳤ͼ³˲ԭԣͼ³һֱӵӣֻҪӲɵͲܳԼұۡ
ӣпôôĸ岿϶ʧȥ
Ϊӵĸ壬ͶԷҲʵĽǡ
ԣӸǣ仹Ǽִ֧ӱȽǡ
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ûôѡ˸ôֲϲ̨쳤
Ҳడ״˲ȴòΪԷԲһ״쳤ĺĺġԢұĮǿ׳Ůū˵ұ˳綼Ϊǿ֮ūףմ´ұһͳ£
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ĮλȻҪһλеʶӼ̳Уǰ˴ıġ
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ĮҪΪϣ카ĶǸЩıƵǸұһˣ
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ȻŮūһĮע˹ȥ
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һŴëװεס˫ۺͱӣֻ¶ӣС졣
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Դ˹ҲǴµĵһ󽫾ˡ
˳˳ˮЩͣɫǻ֮¾Ȼʹ˵ôһ仰
Įɫ΢䣬һû˵
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һΣĮɫıˡ
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˵ţǰľһﲱȥ
ϣŮūǰ
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ܱĮǷûôིڱĮǰڽ춼ԳңҪŮūǸøȴǱġ
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ȻղҲһǶҪ˵ͷġ
ʱɶ߲쳤ѾصԼλһ쳤˵شʡ
˵עǸ쳤ϣ׼䶼ʲôûϡ⡣
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ĮܿԷбɱʴǵĺ⡣
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793 ӣ¾ٱС

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ҺʶôãͿտðһЩԼȫĻԽѾĺǿˡ
ܿ죬˺Ƶ˵ʾٽˡ
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Уûôģ
ô˵ҲԼŮˣһΪŮɵﾹȻûԼҪ

һָͷȲϡ
ЩˣֻԼ
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ֻǣĮôûõģ
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ҿǸϧģɺЦҪĻףˣð˴һҶ󲢲Ǻ¡ĮҲˣ׳־Ҳп⼸Ӻͽ⼸ĮԽԴұԽ
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һ뵽Ѿ˼Ϊұô࣬Ǹ˾ȴɣҾ;ﲻƽ⣡Ʒ޷˵
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ʲô֣ʵ
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ⷬ׽⿪˺ƵĽᡣ
һƣеȽ߹ãڱ߹˵Ҳ㰡
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ȻֵزôͨҲ֪Ӻճɾͺá
ʵóȥֻʳĶҪ
ȻҪ츣գҪǿ󣬲ΪƱݻ

794 

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֮ǰͨǸߵϢ취ԷһôǴ̽鱨ðΪԼ䡣

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֮ǰɱĮŮūʵﳼ֮ŮŮūڵĲǱɶ߲ġ
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ִͥķռŮū¸߹ԹΪ˸Ӱ˴£ģľ嶼ڱִ֧ӡ
֮һҥɣÿվͻµϱϰǻͷԵģ֪˭
ôڣλڱĮĿеҲ͡
Ͼôҥܻһоݣòٰնˡ
ۿֵԽԽ޷ʰĮüӹԼأٲ÷ͥ
ܹԼĵ̣Ȼ裬ֲñ¶һ߱ݵıʾԸͥǣһʰһһߵ
ӵٶġ
ڱĮһϴʰõҵһʱ뿪ͥӶûôװ
λҲ裬ѹ
Ӻӡ
ӡӺһ
˭֪ΪһһαĮ̵ʱǻûü뿪ֱͥӾȨλսС
ǵģ
һΣĮıɱˣ
Ȳȸһ˹ͷѪֹ
ҪǣĮ˺ܴš
ѾϷأԼ޹ⶼֻӬɲ
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֪Į̣ӡӺ뿪Ҳ׷׵תͷ˻
ǣӶ֮⣬Įһ
ǵˣֻһͱĮ˳ȥ
˰ҽ֮⣬ûܽ뱱Į޹

795 ޹й

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ϣ侲Щ껺˵
Įţߣ꣬йұ𣿡
״ε̾˿ϣ䲢޹ȣƾġ
ܣô֤ĮɫҰ׵ķ
ҪǣԼС˵
νͣ
ѵ˵еһжԼһ𣿿ϵν⣿
ھûаȫĵطԼԴ˩ϣֻҪԷҪʱߡ
ָо̫ˣ
꣡ҪȾȱĮһץסߵĸ첲
ԭͺܴˣôһקվԵڵأҺԱҽסѡ
ϣ侲Ҷ˿ҪѿˡĮȲ˿ڵİײѪʪѵȥֻ¹Ȼδܲˡ
ĮʮϧģֹͣСĵɵ
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ֱ꣬ҹΪ̫ƣԾ˯Լ޹
˯УĮͻȻԼС˵

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ܸоԼϣ
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д̿ͣݣݣĮͻȻ
ֳذףһֻ俴ˣƺ֮⡣
ǣĮ泯Ǹˣ޹ſȥ
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Էƺ׷˼ֻվԭЦĿͷĴӵǱ
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һĮˣЦˬ飬ʱص㲻ԣĮΪԷڸѴк
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ϾȻʶС׳˶Ӳ˵
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ķȻĲҾ޹
ķۡ˴ˣĪǶԷΪ¸ģ
Լôã޹ôһ޷Ӧ
Įнȴǿ򶨵ʱ䣺ķȻпˣ
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Įһ㶣ûѪ
̫ˣȻĿŵĸԼǼ
ķĵתȦһ̫ƯĵֺǺǵ˵ϣ˵رĵط㲻
ķֻͼǮƵĻҿԱһ󣡶ңһԸĮӦ˵
Ю֣µľǶԷ
ΪԷʲôҪҲĻôҪľˡ
ķͼƣǶڱĮ˵һͻƿڡ
ķЦϣ㵱ɵֻµʱҪĵһ¾ȡҵͷɣϻĶ
ãҸ㣡Ҫ뿪Į̸̸ɿķõŵ̴ľͬжһһǺ뷨˶Էҵλá
Ĺôණ߶ԷԷһʱҲ᲻ߡ
ķеĵֽסϣȷֻûвڱ𴦵ģ磬֮⣿

796 Į

⻰ʵñĮһȴɫ
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ϣ㲻ʵķʱŭˣӵ˸ɫͬʱƽĮ
ʱĮͻȻ˫һɣŤͳ˹ȥ
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ٶȣķпס֮ǰƴ´ࡣ
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޹⣬ΪԷƺѾԼӣԼһֻƽ֮ⶼ֪
˵رĵطʱҲ͵ˣ
ԣԾȣ
ֻҪӳ޹Ͱȫˣ
Įĺܺãʵܿͽ̻ˡ
ϾҪһ̣ͻȻһֻץסĽףȻһק
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ˡһĮоԼҪˤˡ
˵𣿱ȰıҪ
ţһâĲ
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ʵϣᡣ
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ƫƫķ׷ʣƱж٣
ĮĻش𣺡Լʮǧƽ𡣡
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Ϊ꣬ǲԲλ֮ġ
˭̳λ㸨˭괫ĹأҲǰԲǣԭ֮һ
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вԭǱĮ˾Ϳﰲң
ԣǱĮԶֻҪһͿٴηչ׳
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ǵˣׯ԰ūҲ޶ãͬ͸˰㡣
һ·ͨ裬һֱߵׯ԰Ժ밢ոɽĵط
ֲľ֮⣬ֻªСݣһ񷿣һصϢ
ͣסŲԸȥɽµȺ򣬱߽Ǽ񷿡
Ӳ֪ҪʲôҲʣŰΪָʾҪľǷӡ
񷿿Ʋʲô쳣ѻõĸɿľ񣬻һЩ
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𾴵Ĺͣɷһ𣿡ſһ˵Ĳһ΢Ц˵õǴұĹٻ
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˵̾˿֮ǰعطɱڱĽ಻֡һһģжգλõĶѾڤڤ֮뱱ĮϵֻϣһԵպõر
ԹԵ˵һѻ֮󣬼ȻûлӦ̾ϢһԾڴˡĮңλǾȥɣ
˵뿪ˡ
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Ǻƺҡ
ǱĮİꣿ棡̾ô֪Īǵõָ㣿
£Щ˵еʿ֪֪㣬Կǰǧһ㣡
ŰȥķĿĮİͬﶼĹʦһЩ˲߱Ƿ˭Ҳ֪

797 ǵ

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ұ⸶İʳѾַȥˣҺùﻹĶƾǿˡ
ԭƺ걱Į˽⣬ٿ֣˭֪û뿪Įصׯ԰𱻰סˡ
֪ܲԷ֪ģⷬƺż⡣
һ㣬ʮֲ⡣
Ȼ֪ΪβץǣѵΪĮ𣿡ҿ˱ĮȣĮӦѾҳһ˰ɣΪ꣬ƲŶԷ֪¡
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˼ȨλڱĮУĵλȱĮҪ߿ƺܺ汱ĮĹٻϵôɵġ
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ôһвԼλİڣĮ̣
ЦͷĮұͬӶ࣬졣
ƶǶĵͷʣ˵ĮҪңȰ뿪֣ȡĽ鰡
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ϾεҲʮͷۡ
һǲعأؽܾķϱ֪ʵ˾Ҫһľġ
ֻǣɸΪ֮
ýʮܾа±ӣҲǴӱ𴦲ֻǧԼĸ
ҪͳһģðʰģǶܹ¡
ͳһģѵ±Щ£ģаһ֮ڽȨСǣðջصعذ£ͺͷˡ
֪֮ʮֲ죺͢ûа䲼ʲô𣿱⸳˰عصİ޳ṩݺʳ֮ģ
Ȼǲˡң⸳˰ꡣҺΣֻǣԪĹԱ̫࣬ʵʩҲòʲôˡ
üûаԸ
Ȼ򽫾Ҵ
㶣ֻܾӵ𣿵طҲҪ
ҺΣƣ֪һǳصĽζʲôǲһ̣ǳصĹǣǳ֪͢ҲҪ佫Ϊ
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֮ǰЩ֮УӦҲһЩԸصġ
ֻǣƾԼ̫ˣ

798 ˹

һǳغףҪָȴһ൱ѵ¡
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ʣưʣָóס
ҪģǿؽЩȴ޷ٹ
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ôǻȡߣһ¾ͲµΪλѣʵ򽫾µ߹Ĵҵ𣿡
ҡͷûʲôµģϾĴҵȻиھҪڱ߹ҪЩձȨĽǵġϾŭ˽ĵЩҵҲͶˡ
԰ŵĲ´ЬģЦ򽫾ǸŵˣʲôںԷʨӴ󿪿ڣҿڣͰݴ䣬ǺѪȥ²£
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ЦаȹˣʱԵʲôԺˡ
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𷫸ǰعؿ̣īȥѯǵжԸط硣
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ҲĴû֤ݣֻ
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лν㶣򽫾Ǵ𣿡
⽫̾Ϊ֣򱱴󽫾Ӹǳسǰ֧Ԯ

799 ٻǧô

빦ʵ˾Ϊ˰ģ͸˽ͣعνȨ
Ȩ̫ۺˣ
Ҫ֪佫ٲνһְҲ൱ڴƷˣҪġ
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ںźúʵ״ʲô⣬Ҷ֪
ӲҪÿǳسһ˶ǰعأҳȥ֮൱ڽ˶عصĺܾˣٻԭפء
⽫Ϊѣó˭ȥ׽
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عصϱѵЩ±ԣҪ˰æ
ǣֱһ٣ֲã򽫾ᣡʱ֪ôģ

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⽫״ҲΪͷ󣬱㳯Աߵлν˸
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⽫۾˵Ļ
лνѯʣѵɳȥͲˣ
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ǧһȻǺõġ
ǧϵĹְҪʵּǵܾȥ֪Ҫȵ¡
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˵ţŬŬ졣
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׵ν̲סԼݺݵɹȥСӺö˶˵ϳʲôŽҩ
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аɣһ޳ܾǵһ
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лνϸ·ٻǧۣƬ̺վλ԰꣬һԣ
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˵һܣλһ㣬عһжٿȱĹλԼǳֽȥˣҷȰһ䣬ıѡȥعأҪĵһ²Ա

800 һ

߹أгǳضڶЩְνλãҲ룬νλãʯٻһԼţһҪλıˣѴһ䣬󽫾Ҳλأδ󽫾ȥˣνλڱصã˭˭Ǵ󽫾ж˵֮лνЦһλ𱻹ͷԣΪ֮
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ܶʶ˴ξļңǻ򱱴󽫾˴ﶢţҪͷֱ̫ˣ
֮£Ȫˮһһӡȫײѵ·
ȻҲкܶȻһλֵðץס
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˭ܰٴһȥ⽫ѡԱȨܰٴԼ
ϾܰٴҲǸǧԼͳǧ˶һٸ˲¡
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ܰٻѯǧ˶֮󣬺ܿѡһˡ
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ҪģҪЩȻбߵģ϶صںƵˡ
ΪԼһѾˣ
ң൱Ư
ķ棬;ƣ
ڱ𴦣̡ƴع˭Ҳ
̳ϵı仯Ҷˡ
ĳһջŵʱ̲סпо̶һ£عؾͿϰټҵ̡һֱȪˮضĸо
ⶼʱġĿǰ󣬵¸̼ҶѹۣնסѹĲʤߡƸҼһڵĽӣ̵
Ƥںʱ˲֭ԳֳɫʮƯ
ҵͷҧһڣʱеˡ
ʹԹܶκķˣÿһȻϲ𺳡
ãԼһҲṻ
̵ãҲԣҸҲһǧ֪ۼֳˣֻ»ɱ
֮ǰǸյعصʱΪӭǣڼ˴һ١
ʱܰٴԵӶʱΪˣƤ̽Ӷ˵ԼǰѵвЩֲԼ
ǵˣԺȻʺɶʱӡ
£ȻʧЦû¡ܴʲôʱԣǰ˵һͺá
УҹϾܾ㲻ùӸԣҲ˷ѣʱЪ𣿡
ѾæˣûۿҲӰе֪飬æת
ֵܷҲͰˣôΪ˶ۣ
ң˻еģ
ϴִˣͲǰһﵽ
˼ȥ¥ͺãαػҪԶأ

801 һ󵨵뷨

ҾܾҲû˵ʲô
ȷʵæ
սѾ죬Ϊפ̼ҹ࣬¹
عصİչޣ̼һѹ࣬Ȳֻý۱
ʵϣƴۺŻԭһ⾺
˭͵ס˭ĵ̺˭Ӯһսۡ
Ȼⳡս֮Уֻĵľǰˡ
Ͼ۽ʵʵڵʵݣ򵽾׬
ÿսϣЩһĽļҵֽˣ˴˽Ϣڵһʱȥ
·ֽǮʮﻹһȥ򰡣
ֵĲҲˣȥ޲ɣ
˵𣿷ǽȥʳζ¥ԷĶһƣ
;ƣһôҲһİɣǼҾ¥ÿһСˣҲ̫ˣ
ߣȥʳζ¥Ⱦȥ

²̼ҰԹ
вɢڱЩ񽵼۵ͬУʱеѾղˣѹǮתĽͷöݡ
Щɢȥ򽫾˵˵򽫾ֹ򽫾پͣѵ±пռأ
ΪҲЩ°ܣҲû취ܣ
ǣֹ£⾺ԽԽңĴΪĻָͼعصɢȫ
緹źƵںԺɢһ˵̳ϵ£΢΢ü˵ⳡ⾺Ĵҵģ
ȻأֻĴҵʱҲѽһ˵һԼĶӡ
ղ̰Ե̫ˣͲӦһ
̫ˣоҪɤ۶ˣ
õ·ʱԼε˰
̫ˣ
ҿƵĶæսһߣƣôˣӲ𣿡
ûûУȦͺˣƲ˼˵Լ챻ˣæѻ˻Ĵһúܣ֮ǰԸعأ򽫾ѹ֮ˣֲԸһȻҪعصҵãʹҵ𣿡
ⷬ˵İޱȡ
ûӵĶǾ͸ˡ
ǰֿɰСģͻȻԴðһ󵨵뷨
ơͷ
̧ȥţ
峺ӣڰ׷ӳҵӣһﶼֻԼһ˵ĸо
˿˿ģ߻Ǹ󵨵뷨
ǲɢ˺òãʵ
ƲգգۣΪʲôһ˶˶ٽ
˶кܶ֡ҹЦаȣ֣Ȼᱧ
Ʊһһ
ɻ˵ͱٶȱԷ
ǰԺ
аʮţ磬Ҹղźĸĺˣ
аޱ飺ˣ
аʮɻ󣺡û𣿾ںԺȥô°ɣ
аҪڣ
аʮţһ磬ȥĶ
аȰһ䣬ԺԶһ㣡УҪݶͼ鿴
аʮţ
аתߡ
аʮͷЩġ
ӺĸİȫҪôţݶԺһۡ
ȥ͸ӽĸӵ˴ϡ
Բۣаʮżһɵԭء
ʱͻȻһֻ޶Ӿӡ
òͷ㣿аݶӷҿɱס㣡
ϰ֮ˣмΪ
ղаʮݶפ㿴ȥֻѾӲˡԼ𣿾Ȼɵվﶢŷ
һ˲䣬аʮŵ亹ˡ
ǡǰ찡Ͱ͵˵
аĵĿ˶꣡
Ҳһֱذаʮŷ
аӱˣϱ𣿡
аʮţ
аҪطϢаʮŹʹһ䣺磬㲻Ҳûϱǳصʱ䶼
аŵĶһ٣ҧȭͷתˣʮŰ֣СеʰǲΪԼѾûˣ
һٶʵͻȻааʮһֲ㶥ϿӵĹƶˡ
һݣʹһֱڵ˵ڶϣûԡ
ڼС䱾׼ȥʺŵ£׵аʮסˡ
ʱС䱻һΪլʲôˡ
ҺаʮȻͷģ֤Լݡ
һ磬ˬĳݣڿȥ³
ڷԸ׼緹С俴ҽʱŵӲڵϡ
үôˣҪʲôԸū澱ǣȥɣСһһ߻ŵ˵
Ƴһۣȥ
Сɵˡ
Ҳԡ
ңȥźˣ
ޣǣū澸ˣСŷӦҪߣȴֱҽס
Ҫ߷£
Сɻֲʣǣү
ţҲҸ˳޴վڳſڲ֪үҪʲô
С䵹ԼµһЩֲȷ
Ͼڴұ˾¥ĳʦͻ֮⣬ڼġ
үô۷ˣȻڲͬġ
С뵽аʮŸԼ˲ŵ£ȷԼ뷨
̵ĳԺ˵Էȥ˼һһҪ˵˵үĺû
ԷŹţСŻˡŵõĻش

СȥʱúƴӴ
ϵʱʱʧɫˣôˣ
̲סһ죺У
ˣǡү𣿡СкỨʵղŻҪү˵ûû뵽ү˽¾ȻԷ˶֣
Сᣬæ⣺ǣⲻǴģˣ
ˣūźϴȻūȥ򡣡С俴ǰƤϵٺᶼˡž;ۣүôôصأ
ͷˣС䣬ʰһ´Լ·ͺã

802 ĺһ

ΪټСᣬĲԼ𴲡
ɸһһۡ
ƫƫұֳΪСԲ۾һգգĶﲻʵˤ
Ҫˣ
ȴ룬ױϣѾ۵öͷðˡ
С䣬𣿡
峿ֻоԼȻ뿪ˡ
ΪȥˣԺҲû˰
Ʒ²ǲԼԿˡ
Сߺߵģˣүˣ㻹
С䣬ݵú˵ѵһ䣬˵ⲻǴģ׾ˣ
С죬˵ʲôȴͻȻϵѪ뵽ԼĻȻǺˣͷһԵʰ̡
ֻǣʰʰлΪɻġ
ҹŻģô˸үôû
ĪǷ˵Сӵˣ
Ҳ԰
С˼⣬˿ʣֻ
ԵС䱧ű촲ȥϴ··аʮʱҲûиԷɫ
аʮһͷˮڣС䣬˭ˣҰðɣ
ãСܾ
аʮŸˣС䣬㵽զˣϲúõ𣿡
ߣҲ㣡ûһöСߺߵĵһۣͷҲصˡ
޹ǹаʮţ
ǲ֪ԼСĿеѾһǧɣ֪ԼΪȻ°׷·Զ⡣
˺ܴĹһͣȻϲ̵Ķ˸Ƴԡ
ƿûķ˸ۣ㣡С䶼Ϊұˣ
㣿ôܣҺܲ죬ңҲûְ
΢죬ô֪ô˵ˣ
˵ʵˣҽŷϣתߵǰֱӽ۲ۣιԷɣ
ŭֲֶˣ
𣿡ҹĵʵ
ƣ
ռտЦ񣺹ˣҲн죡ǿڿҪ˵С⿪ôԼ˼ҵˣһϷԶӴЦˣ
ʵܿЦ
տյЦȻֹǿָŹ˵ˣˣյļڵˣֽˣΪնϲð
ƣаϽҶе޻ã
ΪǺƵĲʣҶûһؾӪܰٴкڼ粽չ˺ơ
Ʊչ˵Ĳ¶²ˡ
֮󣬺޿̵ĽɨسţϻؾӪˡ
տ̫£ʳ֪ζ֮ûûˣ
ڵ۳ԣٵ̼ڰֻͣкµе̶άԭһǮ
ƹģʾ˺üҪҪʵۻ߸ʲôŻݡ
һȫˣǲҪ̵Ӱ죬һ⾺άֶõġ
ʵϣ˽»˽дչ
ǲԸⱾҾʹˣ
ЩϡʯȵȿԴ棬ݣпռҲ¡
񣬺ͷеӣȱٵǸʡ
ʳռֲǲϳ¡īֽԼ֬ˮ۵ȵȶҪ繺Ժһ㶼һ㡣
ǺϢһֻ֣Щ˦ȫһɨ
ɢ˶ڻĻ֮󣬲˶뿪ˡ
ҲһִŵֹۣͣûڻȻȴۻع
ĴȻڴѹۣ֣ͼ¢г
ⳡսͿ˭ʱۺ˭ܼصô˭յӮҡ
ΪЩɢܿͻ᳷г˭֪һϱ¡ĴҲЩԲˡ
Ĵҵļ֪ع߿̫󣬷׷̽ԭ
һ飬˾Ȼڰչʡ
⻹ˣ
ǿۣڻָԭۣǱǸûջˣ
߳Ĵҵļͬʱ飺飡еĵһ
ʱǺܻⰵֵľĴ֮һ
Ϊ̽عصĸûзִʵĵطôֻһܣѾߣ
ûôͨ죬ڲǵ½Щڻߣ
Ĵҵ˱һźɰȴ˴˻ɣš
֪ĴҶֹҲֹͣչ
аŵ˶ɣٳչˣ
ǣĸа֮󣬻㱨ĸаѾ˴ǱعظˣԤʮͿԵִ
ʮ죿ҪӱҹϹ
ưڰ֣żһʱûô׽ֻҪ֮ڸϵⳡϷ
а֪ĸǣֻϾԼżһ֡
İɣҸŵ̺ͶأЦ
ǰЩܻҵ֣ƾԼʵչһ׳
ˡ
ƽţҪٷչԼô̵ģпܸҵĽŲ
аҲҵһҪŬṩڱϣֺαظҷֵôأ
ʲôҵģֻҪ׬ӣǾͶǺõģ
ңҵģԼ
ƾԼԴӺԲ֮󣬺ܶ¶뿪ˣ˴֮ҲһЩ·һЩ
տ˵ĺһ
ƾãտ˵öԣ
ѵõͬÿտܳ
տձ㱻СŮֱ̬ҪռһԽʱյ
ûմΪæعزɢһͬĴأ

803 ɢۼ

̻ᡣ
ɢ̼ƼڴˣͬεĴҴ˴εĶ⾺
һӻ׵߷޷޵İ𣺡̫ˣѹҲͰˣȻ뽫ֱӸϳعأĪعǿĲɣ
ǣ򽫾ǹعؿģ˵չˣʵڲУȥ򽫾һʮͷӸ˵
ֻһΣûʲô˸
ʶλӵ˺ĵĿȰĪӣЩˣ˼ýÿҪæô£пչǰ
ǻʲôѵƾĴҵ۸ǣѹѪ޹飿ĪǺˡ
ǲƥ⣬عؿӣһߵһЩ޳УһͨĴֲ޲
١ƶ˵⣬˭֪һѹƥͳȫѹˡ
˵ƥԱ棬ѹ꣬ǻ͹ʱˣֻܵϺüǮ
ղȰԼİֺ̾ⲻټ취ôҲûз֮
ƹǿ̵ģЩ֮УʧСԸ⾡ȫĸһԸĴ𣿡ɡ
Űֺļƹ¶ЦҼĳҲĿǳ֮ˣȻ̵ⲻ漰ѹǶˣĴһһ￪𣿸οҼּҲֻ⣡
һ䣬ڳּ֪˶¶ֵı
ΨһλӲСѯߵˣͷһ£ƹʲô⣿
к¥⡣ߵ˺ĵĸ˴𰸡
ּЩҲܣ΢һ֪ˡ
̡С¥
ЩԶʲôⰡ
ּҵıһ㣡
˼Ĵλϰ塣
ʱλƹͷһͻȻʵλֿ֪ʲôģ
չˣǼ¿ġգæ˸ҽܣȻʶԷӪ
ջġ
عؿջƹ㶣ƹЦŵͷ㲻˵ˡ
˴˲죬Ҳġ
ƹ϶ֻջ⣬ʱ˵˾û˼ˣ˭һ֡
һ䣬һ䣬۲ݣ˭ҲŲ˭ɲ·һ
󣬻ǽ̻ϰվʾҰ
̻ǽǱ˸ˣԵƶ⾺һƽõľ̻
ȻҲϵ˵
ʵֻм˽̻ᣬܻøľӪᡣ
ˣҪؽ̻Ĺ򣬻ܵż
̻˷ΧڽԼغһԽԽ󣬱ŵ˴ұÿ䡣
̵ˣ˵̻ͷԶҪԷֱ档
λ԰꣡ټҪֳһĴҵİ취ʱ˿̣ٸɨǰѩֻҪıϳعأ໹ӵģһھ˵Ŀȥˡ
ʮɢƹ񶼰ȴġ
໷һܣ΢΢һЦҽ̻ȻӽϷ𣬵Ѿչ˴ϱλȣҽ̻ỹһЩ̵ģλģҽдôҵڻҵģʲôʱҽ̻ǰֻҪλԸң֧ңĳ󹲽ˣһعվȽŸģ
һ˶˵ˡ
Ҷô׵ľŶԷŵ
տƾô׾ͱϵˣҲͱƭҵˣ
Ҳ֪ҶڵԼ΢΢һЦҷģҲҪλӣҪȥ浶ǹĸƴҽ̻Ը⵱ͷȻҲģ֪̻Լ̻еѶԱֻҪλҽ̻ᣬǽ̻ȻỤȫԲǱĴҸϳعأ
ȻҪ뽭̻᣿
¶Ȼ˵ı顣˵ûѵȻҪ˼̻ᣡ
̲סʵ̻ᶼʲôôҪʲô
ƹҲڵǣ˵˵̻ᶼʲôɣ˵ʲôҪ̻ɵܺôֻͲóˣҶСӣ
֮öԷһ˵һҪóƭСף
ƹȻˬ죡Ц˵̻ԼĹأ̻ȻҪ̻ĹءԴ湲ͨǮһ׬ƣ
ƹԼİֺЦ
ƹɫҲЩÿ
ʲôԴ湲ͨҪ
ļҵģƾʲô̻Ҫֳȥ
˲æ͵λᣡ˵ԴɲøλеԴȥҽ̻ԴҲṲҰλ̻鲼ұ˵̻ᣬͿԽұÿ䣡λǴˣ֪ܲζʲôɣ
ò˵ǿڲ˵á
ôһ˵ʱĶˡ
󲿷ֵ˶ܵĿܡԼ⣬Լƽ޹ʵİѼҵֳȥñ˲һţôоˬ
˳Ĭ˼ʱͻȻ˿ʵ̻ҪϲʵֻҪعվȽŻǺѵİɣ⣬̻ЩҪϷȻֻûʲôҰĵˣ̻ƺʰ
⻰һѪָ˽̻Ŀǰľɫ΢䡣
ѰȥԷǸİײ΢΢һ㶣ʸǣ
չˣֿһСС̡ҵȻҸλȣԲ˵ѰӻλЦǺǵĹ˹ҽܵ

804 Ҽǣͷ

ԭǹƹ񰡣˵ͷԴɿѰԷѶϢȴֳ֪ȷʵ֮⣬һ֪
ϸ룬ƺҲû˵ֵʲô
Ψһӡ̺ܸգҶۣάԭۣȻѹû˹ˣƶڴ˯
еƣɽǿŲⱾ˦
Źƹ񣬾е¾ϡ
ԷֱӽҴͼе㲻ӡ
ССĵҲûʲôΣ
뵽ɫչƹ˵˼Īֻõӻȴʲô븶¼ĺ£̻ᣬݻкβԣ˵ˣҲû˱룬ȫƾԸƹô˵ҽ̻ᣬδЩԹʵ˰ɣ
ǿǵɢڳֱֻӱʾλƹ񲻻ӭ̬ȣȻ󽫶Էϳȥˡ
õʣƹһЦƹ㲻ͱˡĪҸղ˵ĲʵĨڽ̻˼ֻ˵ֻ׼̵ò̻Դˣ
ôһ˵ֻڱƹҲõ˰ŭƫƫ޷Щ˵
ǵҲһЩϱߵģһλ̻Ǵݻ£Ȼλ˭иĴұƴĵ̣ĳȻǿ󣡽ĳͰѻֻҪ뽭̻ᣬ̻ԻȫӻңŽụšһ϶عǲĻĳֻ˵Ǹ̻ʵޣֳܷľȥӻˣҿɽڵ׼Ӳ룬ͿԼѡˣ
˵ԼĲ豭ƿǴ˴һڲ裬˵Ĵ𸴡
ȵڶڲʱ·Ѿվ̬ˡ
ȻҶھ䣬Ҿʹͷɣһ΢ֵվ˵Ը뽭̻ᣡֻҪƹ˵عվȽŸҲ϶ӽ̻Ĺأ
²豭΢Цƣãӭƹļ룡
Ҳ룡ƹ̻ԴʲôʱԹһվʵ
ຬЦռ֮ϾͿԹ
ƹΪˣҼ̻ᣡ
̻ͷ˵ô̻ҲԶţҲ룡

½½˱̬
ʱʮƹѾ߸Ը̻ˡ
Цݵһһʾӭ֮󣬱ŸĬŵƹ񣺡⼸λǿǺ𣿡
ǼƹȻĬԵʵƹ񣿡
ƹüͷԼİֺƹ̻ᣬɻ˳
ƹ˵Цˣ̻֮Դλ˳أ˳ᱻ̻ϴѹģɫ˵
ƹüͷøˣһҪٿǿǡ
ĪǼƹ༤
ƹڰ֣㲻øףҲ֪ȻҼҵҪҴôҲҪǸֵһ
˵ͷһˡ
ѯˣҲֻԥԥĴӦˣ˶˵Ҫȥ
ʱȻЦݣЦѾ۵ˡ
ƹòҲҪȥɣʵڶλʱѾЩͷˡ
ƹڹƹԱߣղźĸ߶Էƹʲôλ
ƹϹЦݣֺǺǵĴҼҵ⵱Ȼ˵㡣Ӳ̻Ҫ˶ôǲģҶ룬Ҳ룡
ش൱û˵
ﲻȴҲ˵ʲôֻýĿǼλ˵Ҫȥƹϡ
λĳԸǿǵʱ䡣ϣλڸĳ𸴣Ļҽ̻Ὺʼչ˲ôȫˣ಻Ӳв
λƹȻҲ˼ɫЩѿ
ʱԱͻȻһ
ףƹǲǰҸˣôҰ
ǹƹ
඼췳ƹˣô겻ɢأ
ղһԼĽ࣬Լǰ˵ף϶ֹֻôλɢԸ̻ģ
Լµļһɫøˡ
ƹ񣿸ղ㲻Ѿ̬𣿺һ飿಻ļ
ƹڰ֣ƹ̬ȣ̸̬ѽ
̸ʲô£಻ͷʵ
ƹЦǺǵվһԼ½󣬳Щƹ˸񣺡λƹ񣬱ҽһ£չˣ̵ƹ񡣽أǴģ
һ˸Ӳмˡ
ֱ࣬Ӳ˵ܵƹ߶ƹݺ̫ɣ
ȻǱ˴˻ƺΪƹ񣬵ʵǵݶЩ̵Ķң¹ӶŲƹͻơ
ڿֻƹǸƹѹ
ҪǣԷƺԼĶΪӣǲ˵ԷǸˣ
뵽ԷֻǾӪСС̣͸ˣƹǲǲǷﰡȻֻǰ
ɸ˹Щ
ҲͶĿ⣬ЩҪ̻вмֵģλƹǽ̸´ȥ
Ĵҵ֪ˣǴѹҪڻˣ
ͶƵ񣬹ƹʿν൱ˡ
λģĳɲˣ塢˵£ƹЦЦ󻰷һת˵⣬һιĳǰҼǣͷ
ǣͷǣʲôͷһʡͻȻӿһɲԤС

805 ƹ

ǣʲôͷƹǺһЦͻȻֱͦˣ˵ȻǣһĴҲͷˣ
һ䣺ӵǺˣȻ̻ˣ
Ҽ˭ҪҪôع⣬պҲ⵽κεĶѹۺ;ƹһܣЦеĲҴҲüʲô̻᲻̻ģֻҪҼӵİţʱǴҾ;Բ
ü̻᣿ܲպ󻹲⵽ѹ
һʱ֮˵˼׷׻֮ǰ˵Ҫ뽭̻ļƹҲɫ΢䣬˸
ȻҲˣҪı⡣
״༱ˣλݵſڴƻƣ˵󻰣˭ᰡ˭˵տƾƾʲôôͣ
⵹Ҳǣ
ƹ˸ƹ񣺡ӵ˭ǲ˵ܷģ
Ҽպƹ΢΢һЦ֪λ֪֪֮ǰȪˮرĮΧ£
һ׷״ô£ǵȻ֪
ȪˮرΧʲôϵ
ò뱱Įǣɣ
仰ʵġ
ȻĲͼƹһñӡ
ع֮ǰĮǣȫǽʿԼնԱĮ˼ȳޡ
ñӿʵˡÿʵ´ȥһôƹӶ޷ڱ߹ػȥˣ
һ䣬νն
ʱսǿѪУɱ˲Ѫ
ƹԣ̲סЦƹ㶼ôô˵Ļǽ̻ᰵ뱱ĮᣬҼӶԲĮǣģ
ƹԣҪ̻ˮʱǳ
ƹüҼˮͲҷһˣǽ̻Ҳ̫Ե˰ɣĻ˭Ҽǰǽȥˣ˰ڲ˵ԼļҲҪ̻̲أ£̫ˣ
ⷬɾˣ
Щղ˵Ҫ̻ɢһǷ;衣
̲סƿڴĹƹ񵽵˭ģúõľ涼һˣ
УԼҪϽߣ
뵽ƹҽ̻꣬˵Ӱǰ׵ģҲɲ˺ڵģڿĨǣкξģȻѣô뿪ҽ̻ĵ̣
˵꣬˸ƣֱҪͿˡ
ƹզģ˵˾߳ŭģ̻Ǻñ°
ߣҽ̻λֲһУӡ涼¶ĳмͷ¶β˴򽻵
ƹȻͷ¶β˭˵ҼӲͷ¶βˣ
˭ǵڶ֪˵ûвͷ¶βЦ
ƹӾˣղҾҪ˵İҸͷͱƹˣƹܲܽ
ࣺ
ˣ
ϸһ£ǣ
Ҫַȣĺֱӽлˣ
һȪˮرΧʶȱЩ̼ҳû̧۸񣬽ļ۸˺ü׶˶ʮǮһƹһûȦӣˣٴ˵ˣҲ̫ˣҼһֱһԭǾǾԲѲƣԣҼ̣ԭΪշһ֮ȪˮصѹȪˮصİҲΪͼ۵ʳŵԼȥһֱȵĮ
һȻ𾴡
ʱ˿Ҳ˵κ
ϣ˾صģ
֪ƹǣƹСѯʡ
ղʱ򣬼ƹҲֵʮ⣬ƺû̫ѽ̻
ȻڶŹƹһǩˣȴֵʮأҲ͸档
ƹ֪ȫǿԼӵϡ
ƹʮԺ˵Ҽպݺʳĵ⡣ȻҲ漰ϣλպܶգ
ƹ׷׹֣ƹ̫ˣҪѧϰǣ
ղҪ˵ʱҲһԣĬ˹ƹڴ˵ء
ƹ񣬲֪˴ʱںδƹѯʵ
ĳƺѾԾļһ֣Ա𾴡
ҼӾ档ƹ
ƹһ㶣Ϊβ
ƹһۡ
Ҳſȥ
дҸƨֲҲӽģ
˶Ҳұֳʲôֻ϶ЦҿǷӵģĶɣ
˭֪ƹȴҡҡͷҼӲ̫
ΪΣŭʵԼѾôˣƹͱˣδе˰ɣ
ƹ̯֣һεģҼǸˣôүͬһݣ϶㰡
ˣ
˳һ
һ֮ѹǳصۣ·ҶԿ·ľȻǸ˼ң
⡢ֱ
Ů˰ʵһŮܰôĺѡ
˵ٴԼЩԱУ޽ŵķ˶ԼļױЩ͵֮ġЩҪڼӣӶЩƹȥֻҪڲ˱ɡ
ɹƹԴԼߣһһġ
㹻˹Ŀ࿴ˣ
ˣﶼء
ⳡϣʵϴҸصʵ棬ڶŮûô⡣
˭ܻǣṩ棬ôǾͶ˭
ͶǲŮˣʲôϵ
ѵԺؽֵʱŮʩĶͲˣ
ɱЩʩ˼ңŮ˳ʩأ

806 

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Сʱ˭۸㣬Ҫһš
㣬Ҳ뷽跨İѴƵͷϣë㱳
ɵǿʱ򣬲˸㣬ĵطҲΪҺýڣ㿪ѣ
ڣƹĸԵģ
ɸпԼѡûдԼӣ
Ƚƹֻйƹعصĸ
ԭܼ򵥣Ϊعصˣ
ȱ磬ʵΣ·϶࿲ҺһС㲻ҲС
ԭ˲ûǩ˼Ҳ֪ж֮ˣԸΪū˵Ķ顣
ΧЩ̬ǰ仯֮ɢƹ񣬹΢΢һЦҼڲ¥˲裬λǰһ𡣡
˵Լ̸Ҳһɿƹ㽫ߵĻ˻ȥ
Ȼǲһġ
ټɢΪĴҵע⣬̸
¥ȴһĵطˡ
һ˼˵϶Լ´ʲôԷ
ǣ̸ȥ˲¥ǵڸǾۼҪˣ
ǵĲ࣬ƹҲ¶֮ɫ
ƹ״΢΢һЦλģҼѾ¥ٽĽֵǲΧ۵ģİȫԣɱҪ߶ˡ
ɫˡ˵˵һʲô˼
˼Ǿǰȥ
Ҳȥˡ
뿴λǷƹ˵б¡
ԭҲǼ縺ģҪⳡսбڳ⣬ò䡣
¥뽭̻ᲢԶֻһ֡
ЩƹĳֻҪ߲ʮ׵ľɵ
һ·ϹȻûпˣⲻЩƹ԰
¥ڣһλŮڴԣվһѾߺһӡ
˽ŮЦкλˣ
˴磬Ȼ޷ڸ䡣
Ǻˣƹһ㶣ŭƹòڶǰɣ
Ůжʮ궼ûУ
쵼ĴҶԿ뽭̻أ
վںˣҲһи͵ƹĽӵ¼ðǰӲ¶棬ȴôһСѾͷʲô˼ˣǴ𣿡
ɢҲ¶ŭݣȥ
Ƽ״΢΢һЦλòȡˣƺ̫ðɣ
òȡˣǺǣСʮ˭װ˵ģʵ
¶֮ɫ̧Լա
ôҴˣԻˣСƨСƨԼ΢ʩѹˣЦ
ȻֻԼеСھ֮¶ĵЦ
ѽԭô۰ʮ꿴ʮСһϲ̵˵ֹǫİڰ֣֪˵׻вУˣ
ࣺ
ƹ񣺡
ʮ˵ԼˣС
ͻȻ˸ղ౻ƹֲܷı
ƹӣ˵ĹһЩ
еֱӰȾô죿
Һúƻǵýյ£ֹЩƹģ
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˵¸Լһ裬˴ȻƵĺ
⸱̬ȣЩ׼ˡ
ǹŪ飬е
ѯʶԷ
ʱ֮ǰڹƹߵƹ͵͵ø첲ͱͱƹ񣬵ʵȪˮӿģ
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ƹ񣺡ҲҼӵģ
벻ھ¥
ȻҲǣ
Ҿ¥أ
عƹˣ´ƹ񣺡ƹô˽ôĪ˽µҼӣ
ƹٺһЦȷʵȥһ¡ȻӣҾͷˣ
ʮֺ档
мƹǸƹʶģֱʵϵܣ˼λ˻Ĵͷ
ûͷҲֻ֪֪λСС;˷ﶼմĵһҳӵķʽֱս˱ƹ˵üɫ裬ľ͸Լ˵һƵġ
ˣӺˡ
ƹߴٵ˵˵ôҳӣ
ƹ̲סЦϸ磬һҳӾ˷ܣ˼ҳӿɸǻҳӲһ
ϻƹɫ΢죬Ͻ˵ʲôθڣ
ƹ㽫մƻȣһ˶дʮףҵһ޶ɫζȫԼԷﶼĹԱѣǵĳ齲һ顣
ƹ˵µ츳ûɫͬ
ȻеĵطҲ˲٣ֱӴһʮ¯ͬʱʮãŵ÷ﶼǰ˶Լ۾
ǺƵһδӱ˿Լ¼ʱĻŭš
ԼļȾ𺳵һǫİ˰֣ѽƹˣʵҲһˣѰæŹͬɵģ˵ǴβμӳմĳʦǳҲǿԶԼĶطֻҸǿһЩû취˭ұСĻǶأ̫˼ˣ
ˣ
ƹ׼õĿ֮ʶûü˵ڡ
Ҫģ˭֪Լѿ佱Ļ˵ˣ˵ɶ
ЩԼ˵һСôƤô
ǣͻȻˡ

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˵󣬼˶Լ˵գ۾ôˣ˵ĲȷʵСǿѽ
档ܲ˵͵ΪܸоԼϥҲһ
ǲҲǱȺ곤еĶүүˣȴҪѰ˼ҵıӻ
֮ʣƹ˸ԲλվŰǱߺȲ˵
ҲӦԼͷһ£ѽǸǸˣλôøλǰվأʵڲ˼
̨ףȻ᲻ʶôԻ׷
ŵĹ򣬹ƹƽһЩƹݡ
ȻƹԼҲûȫˣõĵطڴ̶ܸߣͨʣеƹ񲻵ȹƹ񿨿ǱԼӹҽܡ
λҵǰһʲô˵ĲԣʧĵطҺ˽˵֮豭ò˵ԲƾһȸΪ
ˣ
˭ҵĺӣô̳ģȲ軹һƵģβ
ƺ֮󿴵һ±ƵĶŲ豭ԼʶԼƺЦˡ
⵱˰
ʧʧ
ȿȣΪ˱Ըλǰľ⣡ͺãͺã豭Żϣεոơ
ֱڣ¶һ˿Сеӣˡ
һžͱСѹţĸϽ˶ˣȴһԼӲСˣ˵ȥûӣ
ԼƳܣݸ̬֮࣬Ҳˡ
Ϊ˾壡֪ǣƹһڲֺ֮ǺǵĿڹάһ䡣
ôһ˵˱Ȼˡ
Ӧ࣡
֪ǿ϶ΪԼƾȪˮ·̶Կġ
ֻǣԼĻشעҪöԷʧˡ
ЦЦҸ׵䲻˵ҲգΪ˵ҲʶҵļһС壬ϰ˴ũ񣬲ʲô塣ߵ죬ƾĶԼ˫ֺŬȻҷ֧ҲкܴϵϾѾˣûзݣҲͷ¶ĳ̣Һܸл
һ֮ԼҲʶ̫Ծ
ô˵ĸ̨콱Ļ񽱸Ƶģ
ԼòԣҲŤˡ
ƹԱֹԼǲˣ
ɿ˼֮󣬺תķɿ죬ǿн˻ʵҷҲعأӸλҷڣٿԱ֤عؾ̵İȫʲôҵ̡֮飬򽫾ģ룬λȫԵõ֤һ㣬ǽ̻İɣ
ࣺ
ĺۣ
ͶʲôëΪɶ˵ʲôܰԼ
Լ˭˭ǣ
Ҳ˼ôһȽϣƺȷʵռĲ˵ǿԲõĴҵ˰ºˣ
ˣһλƹƬֱ̣˵Ŀʵ
˵ˣҴҲû˼ֱҲôҸеһЩ
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ֻǸƫ˴ʧƹ̲סüѿڶ
Ʋˣƫôˣ˭ʮͷ͵ƫҷľʵʵսƴɱģʲô
ƹ񼷳һ˿ЦĪҪ⡣ΪôҲǸν
ǽ֮µĲνŸסҰ
⸱ƫְҲ̫ˡ
ʮͷĸƫȷʵǰ;
ʮĲν𣿾ӵĹְҲǺĺòã˵ҵĲãֲһ䣬ҷˣлл
ȻСӰʱȻھЩС£
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ˣֻ˳˿ڡ
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λҲȸ͸סĴѾعˣΪľǼӿٶȽһս켺ƻһܣʳָӣ˵ʲô
Լû⵽ʦεʱúڰ塢ص㡣
û˼
ⲻ˵ǵʱȣٲҶ𣿡ЩͷԵʵ
ƿ̾˿ǽ̻ῴôǳ𣿡
ҸǳĴ𰸣಻˵
ûꣿզģ
զͳ̻ͷȻûأ
˵һҪǷǲǸоԼ۸С
ǲɣ汻Էĺñ
వǺԼһ䣬ԼߵͲôȥˣ಻Ҫӵ
ȻƲûи쭵Ļᣬرĸ˴𰸣˵ĴҲżⳡսΪǣⲻˣ
һ㶡Щǵϡ
ô𣿡΢΢һЦǾĴҵǮܶ𣿾ôеֹѹⱾʵϣǵʧȥֻǾҪȷطһЩˡ⣬ԲĴڼģ
عؽеһлûлص졣
Ҫ׬ǮҪһʱ䡣
ĴҲƳɱļôѹȥǵǰͶȻԤڣĳЩʽѣʱתܶûˣԺƶ϶ԷҪսľĿ϶Լ˻ҪУ
Ļͺðѽ
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808 Ʋס

һƺҲе
ôղٴСƲҵ£˿оͱô׼أ
һǸʩѹأҪٽսĴҿ϶кУָӦԣһλӻ׵ź˵
ƵЦЦУ֪ƹǻʲôУѾѹѹôˣܲͰɣȻأɱ˻ܷŻ𣿵Ƿǳص𣿡
Ҳ԰º֣Ҳɱ˷Żˣô
˵๫ʲôµģ
ôһ룬ͻȻѹûôˡ
ʱ˵ô档
һԼ˵³ʱϰԵҪѰԼйͬˣȻۼһѰ취һȺ˶벻ǾһͷöȡůһͻȻվ˵˰취ǾͻȻʣºü򵥰ôû뵽أ
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ǰôľȻûһСͨ͸ƹҡͷ̾ϢȻ󻺻豭˿ڲ衣
࿴ƺ˵ˣЩļ
Ǵȫˣǽ̻ô죿
˼һʵˣĴһָгԭֻۣҲȻ޷侺ֻҪԸⱡôɱһǱ˵ģϾ߹ǵĵ̣̻˻ǽҪ鷳ĶࡣԼ㲻ƴ۸Ҳƴİ
ЦЦȻа취֮ǰƹټǰ̻ۣҲԼĶԲ߰ɣ
֮⣬㲻˵ԼĶԲߣҲ㽻׵ġ
ңͽ̻ڻǺϵ
༸붮˼ĬȻСʮͣȻ˵ˮ©η

кղҪԼ̻һ뿪
ʮ־ᣬƽĶ豭Ȳ裬Դȴɿ
Ʋߴ٣Цк˳Բ㡣
ʮ־£ʽʮ֡
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һʼֻǿǰĵԵĳһڣȻڼŴζʱǵζ١
ףǡƹĶﱻҧһڵĵɫġ
ЦЦû˵
СǰһòĴĨ⡣һֿζɫһԭζĨ⣬ɫһǼһЩζĨ⡣
ζƹӾˣôûԳ
õģɫһЩǿ
ӵıȽ١ЦĽһ䣬Ҳǵ˺ܶαĿڸС
ɵζܶ˶Բߣһݻô̼ǻֹ̫ѵζ
Ҫõѱ䷽ÿڸˬɿֽ壬ȷʵ˲ٹ˺ܶ汾
Ƕʱ䣬С䡢ааʮǶԵÿˣԼĨͻҸֽڿ
˵ζŰһ֮ҵıҲƹõ鱡Ĩ⡣
ԣƹΪ죺ȻǷоģ
ܿƹȻˡ˼ҳӵķʽ÷ﶼմһΣоһССĨȻڻˡ
λȻСĴǳշ棬츳ˣ˶ϳʦҲ̾硣
ҵ˽յ̸ֹͲϿô򵥡

Ҳ֪ʲôиȢŮΪޡ
ƹĶԺƿеķҲ
λƫ˳͵͵ʶԷܲѹסƯܸɵϱ
ţֲԾһĨ
ΪˣʵϲϲʳǵЩǿĸ㡣
ⱡĨ⣬ˬڣԵоȶ˼֣еĸо
ĸĿζ
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ǡƹٺһЦļãȥһЩ˳ǳ֮ҪȴûеطõԲ罫䷽һʱ˳ԣҲ˳㿪׬Щӡ
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ƹҲǸˣǿջô򵥣漰ͦ㰡
ƿЦҡҡͷǸҵĶ䷽ŲۡƹҪҵĵӣǵǿ̸̸
ƹ񲻽⣺Ϊˣ
ҵƣڿֵꡣƼ򵥵Ľһ¼˵ĸ˷Ѻͳɺ¡ھĽȻҪƹԺ̸ˡ
ƹ۾˹ȻвţȻ뵽ӱľӪʽǵñȥæµԼڼͿԵƱˣ
ɣΪ䷽ﰡЦеըգۣ¶ŮƤɰ
ƹЦ绨ӣ뵽ԼŮ
ͬʮ꣬˼ңٿԼǸ浥ɵŮ
ܱȣܱȰ
ƹ˵ּ˷ʽҲΪȤһһ
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ͼѻ˵עڼϣѹû˴
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ЩȻͣûԼ
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ƹ쳤ִԼֱһ鵭ɫĸ㣺ˡһȽϺϷĿζеһζžһҪʫĳ嶯
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ǿĲǱģ˼ҳñζĸóԡ
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λ׼緹Ǽһ㣬ӣȻٽ̸Σ
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Цûнӻ
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ƹŷӦԼŮ˰ͬһϣе̧۵˼ҲЦ
ϸ磬ɱңҿû˼ĺ˵ĲŸɣƹ񼸾仰㻯Լղŵ©
һ߻٩һߵϲˣʮɡ
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СæǰˣҪȥϢ
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ɷԽԽĸԸΪԷ
ҽշ˵ıֲһɢˣùƹķڷ
λ˼Щˣδؾͱȷĺã˵ˣ

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Ȼʮȴ꣬绹ģֻӻ

812 ϵѪ

һҹ˻ϲ˳
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813 󷵾

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զģ󷵾׼Լ۸ս

814 ͼɶ

·ƽԶ΢΢üļ̣˶٣
ƹ·֮⣬̶ıԱһЩǲǮһǮ
·ƽԶЦˣͱ˰ǮС
үǡƹ̽ѯʡ
·ƽԶٽۣǱ߻ͬ𣿡
⡭ƹһЦЦ˵֮ǰ˲ӣǱջҪתԡ
·ƽԶøһ˼ƽϣ˰֣Ȼҽۣǻʲô˵ģʳָԭ۰ɣ
ɻָԭ۵Ļǵʳóȥ𣿡ƹ硣
·ƽԶЦ۲УǼҲСƹ߸ңզ죿
ƹ޻˵¶֮ɫ
ָԭ۰ɣǱ˲˼죡·ƽԶôƶ˵
ƹ񲻸ɣͷĸˡ
·ƽԶ俴ıӰ¶֮ɫôһɫҲԼǰָֻţ˭
գ·ָ̻ԭۣ״ǮǻʮģҲǻʮġ
һʱڰȻ󲨡
׾ȻҪʮǮôôȥ
컹Ǯأ쾹Ȼһ࣡ڰ
ˣȥƽ̰ɣҿǱ߻ڴۿأ
ƽǮ
һȥˣǱ߲Ǯ˵ҲǼˣô˰
ʳỹҪǼ۰ɣɴҳŽٶ㣡

Ǿǵ̫죬Щ硣ȴˣԭ׾ʮǮһģֻǻָԭ۶ѣ
ǣ·ʮǮһĲףʮһ棬ԼʮǮһľ׾Ȼնʽ
ƹЩסˣһȥ·ƽԶ
үѾûˡ
·ƽԶ˹ĺ˿ڲ裺ʲôǽۣЩ̲Ҳû죬ͳסˣ
ǡƹ˵ȴ·ƽԶִϡ
ûʲôǣҹǴʳʮҾûˡ·ƽԶƳƹһۣƵ˵һ㿪ţȥչǵʳ
չƹס
·ƽԶ²豭ЦÿʳֻǵһǮôԭҲ׬𣿸պʡĽˣ
Ҳеֻǡ
ͱһǮĻһ࣬Ǹչ𰡣ƹЩɡ
·ƽԶ㣺Ǿٶȼ죬ʲôʱǿûˣʲôʱʼչ
¡Ҫһ㱨һ¡ƹһ·ƽԶ̽˵
·ƽԶͷţӦõģÿһ㱨̶ֻˣ㻹ûʼչ
ǣȥƹҴææ뿪ˡ
·ƽԶϣƵĺ˿ڲ裬ָһûһµš
˼ʱϰԶ
ÿʱӱԾ£˴˼
һߣ̵ĶҲһ𣬴Ƶͼ
Ǳ·̱һǮ˵⿪ˣ·ҲˣǸǺã΢ֵƹݡ
һλƹȧ΢΢ͻ𣬸ͷߡ΢ƹĻ¶һ˿Цô죿ֻӲͦţǰǼڻϿ
΢ƹ̾˿Ѿϴˣû취ϴҪ˳عص⣻ϴˣͻᱻ˵ǹʹ˵ƹͼƹͷĸ׽ʱ϶Ҳǵĸࡣ
˽ƽûйеĲ
ⲻ֪˵̸һ䲻ıУת㱨ơ
լԺڣţ˼˼޷޲ƽĸƸ״ˣЩǲ֪ô㻹ҪʳǣǾȻֻԼǰǵ棬ڱ͵͵˵㻵ҿ㻹ǲҪǵԼ취ȥɣ
⼸գҽĽ˵˼˹ƴ֡
ţ˼˼ţţɳȻ٣ó׻˴򽻵ЩɢǴ´ġ
һΣţ˼˼̶ҵ̸ʱƽ
ƽ͵ɢĻƽ˵νҪҲǵĿޣ
㲻ҲΪ˰𣿡ţ˼˼⡣£ͼɶ
ҡҡͷҲΪ˰Լֻʱѣֲѡ
ţ˼˼벻ͨˣ˸סһô죿
ᣡѾˣݸң㵹ˣҲûʲôʧڻûأ
ţ˼˼ˣҪʳǣⲻڸ𣿡
ðɣЩʳҵͼ۴·ģھһɢҲ׬Ǯġν˵Ȼǰͨ飬Ҫѱ䡣
ȻҲƽ׬ӡɢʶ࣬ʵʵԼôԼ⵱ȻںԷֵǲʵǺǣǾֻܶԲˡ
˻̫ʵ
·̽˻չģƾʲôҪװˣ
ƳԼȴǴƼҡ
óȼ񣬵ȴܾװ׷Щ̻
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ЩصĵزȲ뿪磬Լȼǣǻж
ЩΨͼ̻ȴֻΪԩͷ
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ͷˣԼǼмܼаģ
үǱΪ˲öүԹͬԼκȨ
Լ

815 ͷҲҪͷ

·ǱߵĻظ·ƽԶ֮С
ȺˣҪɣԸеգ
·ƽԶ·һĺϾˡñ򱱴󽫾˴Ĵȣֵϵ˵Ů빬ֻ·군ˣ
ǱһҪ׼ʳˣ·ƽԶƹ˵
ƹ֪ǶүڳҪӡ
͵͵һ·ƽԶͷ˵үǱͬⲦһӡ
һʲôģ·ƽԶмЦϲɫã˰ɣ
ǮˣζŹԿʼˡ
ĹһϤ·ƽԶ˳ȥ
Ըƹ񣺡ǱдŰɣԤƻҪӱ̶ϻ
⼸գƹͷðˡ
ѹһʼǱֻһƱʱүûӦأ͵ŻԺҪأ
ѾһӽˣǱô̰;ϣ
ƹɰпүĸЩֲǱ˵ΨڶȻԹԸҴҪӡ
ǿˣԼΨһĳ·үͶϣպүͷ˵ڵһѡ۶үΣĺӶͷˣ
ͷϵͶûãóʵж
˵
ƹʾ֭дһͻҡǱ˽ɹعѾûжٴˣֻҪӴչȻöԷʱ˻عصȻǿǲ򵽶ʮǮҲǺпܵģ
һ֮ĩβʾһƱڻҪӲܽԷȫաУȻҲԷĲ
үѾ취˶Է·ˣֻҪնԷѾ˵عصݣǾͿԸˣ
ƹʮͬүļƲߵģҽһյϢع̵̶ڰ·ϱ˴ˣѪ޹顣
û֤ݣֱȻǶүģŻڴ˿̺ԥͶϵľ
ͬʱƹȻҲյϢ֪ԼĲ̶ӱˡ
ʧɫһʱͷȻȥҺơ
ˣ·ʵ̫ˣȻ˴ҵ̶ӣ΢ֵǸƹһƣȲĿ˵
ƵЦˣƹ⻰ɲ˵Ͼ㲢ûκ֤֤·ҹˣҪ֪Ǵ
΢ֵƹûһ£ҭֻóͬƹһʾԷڡ
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ЦЦƹԲӣҵ̶Ӿûбٰ
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ƹ૵Щ֪룬תͷԼͬƹ
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λƹ˵ЦˣƹǧǧĪҺƻҪʶɣοֻгΪѣʸ񱻼ס˵˶٣ȻǺĶ֣ҺҲμǶԷϵģǲ֪λƹ뵱ǰ߻Ǻߣ
վںƵĵϣǸƹ˵Լ뵱ƵĶ֣
ǾˣЩƽ
һʱ֮䣬ɽˡ
Ҳ˵˹ĺŲȴԷĻش
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ͷҲҪͷ
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ƹƺǸƹ˭˵æԲˣѾ˰ȻҺƹΪλڵ̶֪ӳµĵһʱ͹أ
ΪҸоǶλʦģƹЦЩ䣬ҺĺǲעⰲȫȴΪ⡣ڳ£ȴĪǼᣬҺ۸
ɫһ䣬ƶʱˡ
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ʱЩڵΪûƹĽ飬ȥ˷ȻѰԷıӻ˵ԼһεʳҲᱻ٣
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ƹǴ̶ӵĵǲ·ҵˣڻûȷ

816 ô⣿

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ƹɵһˣôܣ
ƹЦôܣ·Ҫѹûһжú룡ǵ̶ӱˣǲֻѰӣʱ򻹲˵ɶɶ˵һξԵݵİϷôǰ̶֪ӻᱻٵ£
⻰ƺҲеƹ˵Щҡˣǡô죿˷Ļʳ˲𣿡
˲ʳô
ƹüͷšһ𣬺޲þ¼ͷ
ģҵԸǣȻˣıƣߣҲм֮Ϊ飡ƹĵ˵ʵ㣬ȥ·ҵ·ƽԶҲԲǸƵͷ
ƹԥ·ҡⲻðɣ
ϾȼĶԿĴҵˣͶ·ң񲻵ѱ䣿
Ͳʲôʱ򱻺ˣƹЦȥ·ƽԶװ׵̸ҲԸⱻ˱ˣһγԵưͿҳᱨģ
˵գԥƹһۣƹΪ֮ɣ
仰ͷҲص뿪ˡ
ƹ񶼿ˡʲô°ԭ˼ͬ˺˭֪ƹ·ˡ
ĪȥͶ·ң
ͷԺһƹԼʶľͷˡ
У·Һͬ뻢ıƤ
˵Ҳû֤Լ̶Ӿһ˴ٵİ
ܾ˿Ǳһױһ׵ˡ
˼룬ʼò⣬ȥƹ
ƹԼһҲԸԼָԽİɣ
ڣ˹ݲ衣
ҲоݲĶĿˮ
ˮע룬Ҷڣв֮
ˣ㻹ȲأղǸƹ˵ҪȥͶ·ңĶƹһȥأţ˼˼ܻĽݲ̲סԿ˵
΢΢һЦһʾȵƹûӦɣ
šƹò⣬ȥƹˡʲô裿㰡ţ˼˼һڣ˭֪еĲ̫㣬̲סȫȵˡ
ЦȻ㣬Ǿͽˣ
ûô⣿ţ˼˼㵵ķʡ
Ƶͷ԰ǰղųƺõ²裬û֡
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ţ˼˼豭ݹҲȷʵ㣡ٸһ
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Ҵø硣ţ˼˼СڵúŲ裬øƹǱߣҾȻˣˣ㻹𣿻ͷҴø硢øҲòã
ףȻԣﻹЩҶһûȥɣ
ˣúòҶҲ˷ѣǳ岻ζţ˼˼Ȼϰ䣬ҲǴãݲкིܶġͬĲҶͬݳζ㲻һôõĶ̣
ݸҲûҶĻ
ȿʱԼԼݱǡ
ǰλǸϡԼռֲ˺üòҶ㹻ģ׼ּƷֵĲʱ򿪸Ҷӣ϶ܻܻӭ
ڶգƹٴ˲ݡ
ƺϵԱڲݺ˲Ⱥ
ͬǴۣƹͱţ˼˼ʶˡ
ò裡ֱǼƷ֪ʲôƷ֣ΪҴǰδȹŵ㣬ƹѾҪˣȵкֱӱ۾þûζ
ԼݵĲ豻ͣȻҲܸˣƹΪ裬еġ
ƹ۾һû뵽˻Ҷ⣡֪һЩȥ
ʱûжۡƹϲ˸ȰһЩȥ˵ţ̧СԸƹҶ
ƹЩܳô࣡ԣ
ҶȻûۣҲǼƷò裬Լֵƣ˵һۣ˾ȻһſھҪԼЩ̿֡
ЦЦƹԼֵģǧ󣬵ͳȥﻹǲģȻҵѣȻСͲˣ
ԣƹ۷ŹĿСĲҶΪ˼Ĵ˴֣ˣҾͲˣȷʵĺϲζղŻе㵣Ľպ֮᲻ӴҲȲĲأ
΢ЦҵĲҶӹҲڲúҵʱƹ͹⣡
һһƹæ˵
Ϊƹݷãҳʮ㣬ԺҲֵ൱
̸ܿǩйغ顣
һΣƹһֱŵ̤ʵˡ
С飬һ֣ظƵлǰҶϲ̵ĸǡ
ȥ·ϣǺСġ
ʱŴ̶ӵ¾Բġ
˵ģҶۡ
˼־ͳҸСǮˣʲôֶȥ̶
Լƹ˵ҡˣҺúȥƹ
Щ;
ƹѰ˼ԼǲӦȥƹ˵һ£Ҳȥ˺ú̸һ̸⿪ˣǩ˺鲻ʲô¶û
Ǻʱı˷̧ȳƹȥ

817 ˭ᰡ

ƹ̿ϴֱȽϺõ·Σ·̲̫Զ
ƹϴҲӣĲʳ⡣
ȻѼһȻͶ⣬ҪԼס
һˣ׬
ƹ·ԼӣĻƴ˸кȻ㳯ƹȥ
ɻû߽ͣס˽Ų
ܿ죬תصԼӻ˻ƣƹô£û𣿡
ǻƴңƹ̽Ǽˣļ۸񶼸·һӹ󣬾ûˣ
·һƹ￩һ£ƹѾȥ·ƽԶ
Լһ
ˣƹѡԼҲû취
ֻϣպڣ
̾˿ƹȥƹͷת뿪ˡ
·ƽԶԤӦþͿԽĴգ
ò
ΪԲ̲Ļᣡ·ҵ̶֮⣬̶Ӷعأ
·ңڱ߹̸꣬ͻеģ
ǱļգջǽӲ˹·ƽԶ⽫һθˣգôҪȥѯʣҰع·˵ݡ
ĳͷһͨԼĲиŬߵλõ˵ǼΪпģ
ƹתҵʱҲᵽɤۣ·ƽԶᷢ
˭֪·ƽԶֻ֮Цһ㽫ջˡ
ƹȴֲҶʡ
ˣ·ƽԶƮƮʵ
ƹͷѾˣү
ãǾȥʳɣ·ƽԶԸ
ƹһ£ƹǱߣ
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·ƽԶ˳ǣƹϺ껹ŸԼ·ΪɵӲɣ
ϺԼƿڴƣǶԸ·ҵļƻҲгԳ⡣·ƽԶֻó⣬ͷϵĶϹ
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ⲻ֪ǵÿβ̽Щ˿һ
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ҲúȤȤ·ƽԶӦúͷʹɣΪʲôƽ̵һʳԶҲأ
Ҳ̫ˣֻ֪ϵжʳⲻ֪ǵʳ˵°ţ˼˼Щ⣬̲סĴָˣأʵ̫
Ц·ҵӻˣֻܽʳʱ˵ɣˣܴǧ򱣻ƹ̶ӣһβ·ҵĴǵóˣ
ţ˼˼ڰ֣ͷİɣʦ¿϶ף˵Щ˵è򣬻ʦһ˳ֵأ
룬ǲ磬ܴǰ·ҵ̶ӴΣ
ţ˼˼ĿɿڴƳ⣡֮֮ǻ٣ѵǲ𣿺ߣ۽ٵţҿڣ
䣬ʶԼ˵©ˣͷ˵˵ٺ٣ʲôû˵ʲôû

818 װɵҲҪ

һʳûжӡ
ϾұﻹǱȽ϶ģǽǱ߼Ϊģеĵط׵Ǯ
ν̣ʵʳİ˹
ڵͼ۵ĵطչȻ͵۸ߵĵط
߹Ϊƶ񤣬ѾǱȽϸߵˡ
·ƽԶ´̽鱨ٻǧӾͿԽƽ̵ʳա
Ȼһǧȥƽ̴Ӫҵǧȥƽ̴ȻӪҵ
ֱҲƱȫù⣬ϵҽȥһ֮·ƽԶʶԼ˶Էļˣ
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ƹվ·ƽԶǰȶЩ
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ȫŷεӪάƣ̣Ѿ̱ˣ
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ĪԼʱѺү᲻ʹ군
뵽ƹðһεκ飬Ȼ˳ȴվһҲһ¡
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ݣƫƫϵıȴƽޱȡ
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ȥ˺úỵֺ̈£㲻òģҵ·ƽԶģ·˵һ޹ؽҪ¡
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Ǳ֮ǰƽ
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Һܲˬ
̲ס˵ƣҪȻȥ·ƽԶǸһɵɣ
ۡںԲˣ·ƽԶˣ
ֱ׳Ļش𣺡ݺ㰡
εЦҲûֱ˵İ
ߣûֱ˵еìͷָ𣿡ߡ
·ƽԶҲǽƻԼ˵˭ɵģȴŹٸ鰸ҳµʱ䳤ʳͱȥˡ
⻰ʲô˼
ѵץ̻˲ɣ
˵ʳⶫ϶ûд֣˭֪˭ģ˭֪һǲ·ƽԶԵݣ
ЦЦָûãҲҪȷʵ֤ݲУ
û֤ݣҲֹٸʩѹʱҪϱĿǰֵˡ΢΢üΪǶԺΪĵط
Ҫ֪֮ǰ֮ˣ·ƽԶתһΪһؽѴʳǿռĴʳԱ֤ԴԴϵĲ
ڣ·ƽԶôһ͵ڽÿռ䲹·ˣ
ǽϣǡ·ƽԶ·Ҫô죿
Ҫ֪عÿ̶ӵĽм¼ģڿ˵ȥļʳ֮ǰ˽Ϲ·̵ģԺأ
ҵĵҲ޵ȴûа·ϡ
·˵Ȼбף˻ʵԼعʳ˵ͷǺܺã
ǣЦԣõģСѾ·ˣһǿǴʳأ
üĿҲ̫˰ɣĪ·̵ʳ͵ߵģ
һɵ񣬺ƲΣʲôأ·Ҳʹñֶ֮ǰҲŲԳأ˵ˣҪ͵ֱ͵գֻʳ𣿡
֮⣬ʳֵһκòã
СģȻʧЦԣԩʳᱻҼƷҪ֪һ־ͼӵ˰
ǣưͷ°̧ø߸ߵģֻè
ҿ̲ס°͡
ƶ㿪ߣֲèǶأ
èèɰ˺úļϳţЦЦûа÷Ļ˵
ôԸ·ƽԶˮʵ
Ƴ׸ۣ๫һ˼ôöԸһأ£ȻҪ๫ˣ
һ๫еҹͷˡ
Ѫͷãȥɱ
ƣ
ңӣΪͷ𣿡
ƿЦãǲǣɱµȡϲֶ̨Σ
ôҴ˸ȴɱȻϲ̨棬ȴЧȻƵΪδɱͼ³أ
Ȼͼ³ǾԲǰġ
ϾƵһɱˣǺܵĸʲôõӰ
˼һ֣˵·ƽԶֵ򽫾ֻ򽫾Ҳͷذɣǰ򽫾òã
ô˳Żʵ
ʵϣҲ˺ܶ¼İ취ɿźһصӣԸ϶Էһ̵ӣȻǵֽĿɰģ
û취ԼŮˣװɵҲҪţ

819 

գٸ򽫾·ֵ顣
Ϊعشʱ״ǱȨϣԵȻҲ򽫾Ϊ
ٸǱĹٲףԼʮһǸ
С򽫾ƫߣԷһȦ֮վԭ˼չȥСʵĪƫʲô֣
ֻǸƤڣٿʵƫüͷ壬صҡҡͷûУ
ۣײһѪ
ûзһ˼ģ˭
˾ˣΪƫλãȻף
ײɰĲ²λĪɵƫĪǼʲôԲڲʮƫһְ
ĪɲŲ׵ôԼأ
֮ǰҽľ籾ݣʦү֪ûзκʲô𣿡
ѵǴ²ۣȴЦʵĪƫָ㣡
ţĪһӿɽ̵ģ˵ͷ˵ʹֶθȻǵһγˣпǹ߷ǳͨ͢Ҫ
һͨ͢ҪĪƫǿҪץ鰸
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Χߵİ֮Ҳ˼֡
˵ƽ̺ڼʳˣȥ͵˶Ͳ˰
ǣͺú⡣͵ʵ˵ȥ

Ƿ׷Ǵƽ̺ڼ̣ǸӸˣǰعغòؽӣ͵Ʒܻ˻ǻܹҿֺĵ̻ϳͣ
Ҳߡ
ԣϳͣ
Ѻĵ̻ϳعأ
ǣǿɲһʺһ

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λһȥӪ𣿡վ·룬ЦЦĶ⼸ˡ
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820 Ȼ׷ˣ

عأ·
·ƽԶ鷿һߺȲ迴飬һߵȴ»Լš
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иھӪﵱƫ๫Σ
ͲǸƫΪ˺
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ϱƾʲôҪ԰
Ī̫Ҫˣ
ĪΰǵæԷҲӦõİ˵ǲæнǣдѳԷǺ𣿡ƼȻһԸЦסֻ˻ΣĪԷòãǿͣΪӦд
Ĳ鲻ԸĵͷаɣãߣܳԵĲˣɲҪ֪æĲУôһ̯⣬ҪĴҵˣıƣڻҪĪ˳ԣ
ôһ룬˶ˡ
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ĪǿӲԲ˻ĲˣܸƫٻٻǶԹˣûڸһΰҿҪ֮ǰĶУ
˵ܸƫܰٴ׻ٻϴֺڡ
һڵİŵвٶˣҲ˸ʲ
ĪɲĽЩ٣ĽȺôʱ󱥿ڸ

821 װɵװɵ

ƱĪɶЦˣĪ磬룡Ƿ˺ϿζͶԵ㣡˲أ㾡ܳθڱǣ
Īɶ̬Ⱥ⣬޵ǵΪ˳ĳЩСĺܣ˵Զٷĵģ˰ٰڲ˵ϼҴڵĶ㵽عˣ˵⵱ľȻ˵ˮް̫ˣһ޷ƽеĴˣ
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ۼĿɫƵĳĪ֣ƺ޶ŶԷֱӶԺ⡣
Ī磡æеͬʱݸһ񣬡ĪˣʵҲ᲻뿪ȪˮأҶ㣬˵ߵ̫æûü㵽ԷҺĪҲعˣҪȻǻ׼æʱԺȪˮ۾أ
СôģĪɱüЦбҡ
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ۣôͷⲻߵɣڱ߹ô껹δôأ
ʲôôںģϻẈ̂⻹ֲ

ҪˡͻȻԼΪҪôؼҳԷˣ
Ծͳԣôʲô

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һߣƵ˵ûʲôоĵһһش˽ж罷ͷõͷͷ
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ĪɻȻ򣺡ޣԭϱ߹㣡Ҿ˵ôûأ
б˵ú߹صĶ㶼ʶƵģ
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ƣ˯õˣ˵ţקĪɾߡ
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·ƽԶֱȥ򽫾·عصˣǰҲǲģ
ҪһֱӶԻ·з滹࣡
ǣ·ƽԶֻȥĪɡ
Īƫ̶˿ʮˣ͵ʳûץ𣿡
Ī˹ⲽ͢ҪĶôץѾȥ׷ˣعŶˣ
ǹ죿һȥʣҲ˵죡
죬ⶼˣ
ⲻǳ
·ƽԶüĪƫһֱŲӪҵǵʧ˭е
ʧʲôʧĪ̧ƳһۣΪƫľͲ˽֮ǰ·ĺܣüҲȥһףڷ̣ٸÿհʳ˵ǻ׬أô⻹֪㣿
·ƽԶĲѪ
Լ֮ǰ𱬵ʱô˵
պøʳָԭۣʱûץסһ˵ǰɣ
ĪƫԲӣ·ƽԶеסˣڵ˽͵ʳȥҲɹٸĪƫΪ˵⣿

822 

Īһʱˣ˼̶ʳֻ
·ƽԶƤ񰡣֪ԷڼԼҲȻɫġ
ĪƫԲӣϾ·ҵֶʳȻ̵ɱȽϴˡȻҲû֤ݣ˵һġʧ·ңĪƫҪΪ·ƽԶһģ̾·˺ܴԩһ㡣
ĪɿźЦֻ֪࣬Ҫ·ƽԶŪסˡ
ȻΪģƫҲΪ㣬ԩ˺˰˵ԲԣЦе·ƽԶļ򣬡˵ʧҲų˼Ե
·ƽԶ΢Īƫ·ĳԵ׽
Īɰ˰֣ô˵Ͼû֤ݣҾôҼȻɣһ˱ȽϺãץˣ׵ʱٽɣ˭ƽԩ·үأ
·ƽԶһؿڣζû֨
Īɵʲô˼ô˵ڻԼߣԷǽӣ
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Īɸںֽ򽫾Ӫָ򽫾סǱߣȥҰɣû֤ݵ£򽫾Ҳû㰡·ү㻹̫˰嶯̫嶯ˣ
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һ·ƽԶ¶ЦݣĪƫ˵ǣ¶Ӧý֤ݣ̫żˣˣ
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ղǶӺȻжѸ٣ţţ˼˼һ۾ͿԷû书µʿ
ͨʿĽˣǺʤġ
ǽṦӡͨ׷ϣ
Ϊ˲ûܣţţ˼˼ԥİȾ׷
ܴܲԷˣһûж롣
׷ףţţ˼˼ɱӶȻһ٣˲Լͬͣ˽Ų
ǰܵˢˢڵһȻѨ
˵ߣվţţ˼˼Ϥˡ

823 شϱ˯

Ҳ׷ˣô±¶𣿡
Ϥţ˼˼ĺ޲ҸطȥΪԼεĺܺأԭ˼ͷĲ֮ˡ
ţҲ¶֮ɫ磬ǡⲻ𣿡
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ס˵Һ͹ޡ
Ҹס˵Ѩ޸ˢˢİڳһš
ڹãҲΡǵ˵ǽǿ֢ǰڲֻ¹޵ܵԲȥ
ҿţţ˼˼һۣ˵ˣϽȥһʳɣ
ţţ˼˼ˡ
粻ͷĿĶһ
뾡취Ķ˼أ
ţ˵磬ǡûµĻǾȻȥˣ
šӦһ
˸תҪߣȴͻȻҽסˡ
Ѿ˯˵ĻͲҪˣ˯Ժ˵Ҳüҽ
ţţ˼˼㵵Ŀһ۵ˣֿ˿ʮװʳü˯ô죿
·𿴶˵Ҳõٸ鰸һˣ𣿡
û⣡û⣡ţæҡͷ
ʵްΪ˯þȻϧʦڵķ·
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߰ɣȥʱ㣬ƳˣҰ˰֣ߡ
ţ϶Ѿ˯ˣԲԼ˼˼ҹȥ
⸱شϱ˯̬е㻳ԼڰµزҪˣ
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ǿɶǼʶҵ书ģïʦ嶼Ķ֣οЩСģ
ҪǣǲҲᰡ
ţɳ󻹶첻ϣ㱻
ţԺƵʱ𾴣ҵʱȴ׵ľη
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Թ뿪˻صլӵʱľͷ˽Ųһ㶯ûֳ
ǻˣƵͻȻţţ˼˼󴫹ʱŵֱ
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˰ɣˣȥϢɣ˵⣬̧Ⱦߡ
аϡ
ţ˼˼һ㶣ˣôȥ
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ţʶѿڶˣǧǿûг㰡
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ϲģȻ㶼ѾµˣҲͲˣƣƾͼΣ²˵
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ڶһźȦ𴲵ʱٸˡ
æϴһŬԼʰһЩ·ƽԶŴǰԺ
ǰԺ͵ӣٲȺ򣬱ʮࡣ
·ƽԶ߽ȥϵõȲһδʱб㿩һ¡
λүôûŰɣһЩ·ƽԶЦݣк
λٲԥľܾ·үæˣҲǷǰ·үһˣʲô£ǵ˵ɣ
·ƽԶüһţλɷ֪·ĳΪ£
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һΣ·ƽԶҲǳʮˡ
λٲ˵еӣ۵׸һĨϲɫ̬Ҳˡ
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λٲȻˣ·ƽԶԼҵȥš
ϵŵʱ·ƽԶ̧ͷǺڵ׽ֵġá֣һȻ̧ͦͷ˽ȥ
ڣ֪ش֮⣬ĪƫҡơƹԼƹڡ
Ų˶ĿʱˢˢĿ˹
һ˲䣬·ƽԶʱоԼϵĺëˣѹ
ͻȻһֲԤУԼ߽ȥƽµ߳
ʱͻȻеڿŶðȻϹˣ
ٲȻҪԼǰ̸Ҫ

824 ǲ

˶·ƽԶ񣺡·ƽԶ֪شˣ
֪ذһľľ·ƽԶ֪
·ƽԶһ㶣ãȻ֪شˣʲ֮У
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Ī֪թԼ
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ЦЦǴʳ֪ش˺Īƫ
аӦһŵӳȥ
֪ش˺Īƫһ𣬴ӿ˰ҲûȻ
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֪شҲһãȻƺһЩϵȾס̵ľײҲ󰡣

825 ڲͬ

Īɺ֪ش˵ʣЦЦλˣҼ̵׺ȷʵʲôǺ̵һǲһĿȻˣ
Ŷ֪ĸȤһȥȡЩ
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һȡ
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ף̵ײйϸ֮һ޵ζ桭ҲȽϰһЩž㣡֪ش˹⿴ְַ;ʳֵʵ׺棬ĪʲôƷΪ治ͬ
վЦˣҼõ涼ǼȷʵһƷֲͬЩ治ĶߣζѣӪֵҲߣŮ࣬߸δӤò
ŶȻȹЧ֪شһΪȤĴоӨ
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аȥ棬ÿһжʮ
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ʮֵǮԼλٲʮӶ࣡
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ⲻ֪֪һ˸ϸعβδЯ޴ӣΪͦŴӲ׳;Ͷ٣֮²ڼС
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ǣ·ƽԶź绨ЦܾЩ̤ʵ
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һȣʱ
·ƽԶԭûг緹һ¸Ƕǰˡ
˶ͦţҲ˼ҪԵġ
ɵʱ۾ʼðˡ

826 ʶһλҽ

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ϵ˶һһߵȺǱ㿴·ƽԶһһܲ
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Īɻ٩һ䣺·ƹĪǾһҽΪģĳЩ桭
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Īɷ˷̧ۿ·ƽԶ̾˿ǲӵݸԵҡ
ҷ˼ҳ·ƽԶЦһӸ˺ơ

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̧ͷǸ·ƽԶӣ˨Ӹ磬ԲҲû취ˣԲ𣡡

827 а˵

·ƽԶ˨ŵĶŰƣ¡
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Լǡ
ԼҪˣ
ѵ˵¼˹ƻȥµԼȻ𷣣֪غ򽫾Ǳӡ
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ɤ峺͸ѡҽӡҧĸأƺѽİӵ˵˭
İһ㶣Щ˼ĽϣǸʵ鲻Խⷽ棬ҵǸֻ֡ѧһЩƤëüΪɣҶƬϵ¶鶼һ㷴⡣գ㲻ִʦƷҲֵƣ

833 ֻҪ㹻

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ð죬вƽҪȥ֦У
㶣ΪԼүȥİء
пӵɻ󣬴ӱǿһҪȸҵôģҵ׸ԷʲôҲûôԸͷ
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ִһ֦еĸ첲᲻أ·֮ЦҪԼҹǲǾʹ͵͵Ҹ˰
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һ֦УãҲȦˣ֣Ĵ˺𣿡

834 ˵˻

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֦бЩŹ֡
ȴΪӣĪ¸۸ŮӵҿԼͷ¶⣬ѾǲˣߣȻˣӦúúڼӣܳ⣬̫ˣҲ๫ھӪɵôۣҪҵĻͰϱ
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޷ˣЦЦ˵ͷȻСаȥˡ

835 ݲƷ

˳ţԶһЩС̲סΪԼҷ˴򱧲ƽ
ƹôһ㶼֪ҿģ
ưڰ֣С䣬񣡡
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СһѣƲһˣƹǿ˭أƷ˾ˣֵ⳥ⲻҺƻСˣ

836 ڳǮ

˺ƵĻİ˿εЦС֮ĶȾ֮ˡЩǰ˵׵ĺãᡣ
ţ׽ƹ˼ЦİɣȻЩҸóȻаٷ֮ٵİաһ򲽽Ʒý֣Լˣ
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ҲҺ˴ְݣ򡭡

İؾԼԴӽӵ֮̾ϸ¶Ҫࡣ
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ǺʮֵŽ˸ƣȻµĵſԷҪô
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ֻ͸ϵıʯԼοյĲ־ȻǽӡһۼĻ档
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ںڰ׻֮Уɫϸâ׺ͬǶ仨ϸǹ⡣
ۣƯС̲ס
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ճƷƴͺһȫͬ
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˭֪ƺûлشĴ㣬ֱƿ˵ڶ̵ĸǲ
ֻڶϷһֻĲҡһ
ĲҡһԺ챦ʯΪĵһֻչɵĺ׹ӽϺõʯй
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һʻʵС࣬Ķˣ㡢ǡǡ
ԼǵźƵ棬СҲ̫ԡ֪ܡĸﺬ˰쵽Ҳû˵
ȻԸ⿴ԼѾ۸һܹʲôպҪŰݷܲܽأôǰһݸʲôģҪȻСǰ㵱ֲõطŮֱӸߣɾʹ˰
һǹļﲻعءϲ̨棬֮ĳԷ糾֮ء
ﱻɫ˼䣬ǿмЦݣһأ̾簡
˵һ飡Ҹ㲻죬ûµĻ鷳㲻Ҫ徻𣿡̧Ĵ˸ǷˣûأһҪȥأ
˵ţư˰֣С䣬Ϳͣ
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һתҪߣɼˣеãѵ㲻֪Ķ𣿡

846 ļҿɹ

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һԵСöˡĺԼҷ˺Ǹòͬĳƺôãһζûд

847 ͯԺĺϷ

عϽ֡
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լһҶ顰ͯԺ
˼壬ͯһլӡ
ͯνعְһլԺڶ֡
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η̧ӣȻЦһźתǰԺȥ

848 ƾۣ

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ͯνľְҸߣôĿŵĵˣպҴСЬ
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ͻȻЦͯνǿǷ򸾶˺۸ɣҪͯνó֤֤Ƿ޶˺ŮĻǾȸˣ

849 ǲᴩСЬ

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850 ͯҵϲ

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տգأˣտԶΣ
⻹࣡Ĺ𴽽ǡʲôһСģԼǹĺòã
װ˵©죬ô
˵£ȻҪһЩˣԼǸֵŮأ
ԣû֣
ڵϣҲû¹ҹǴ뼱ҴҵĻ˾Ӫ
֪Ҫͯν֮ǰӦԣûжʡ
˼գͯνŮͯȻ޸УһƬȻ
ȻͯȻ޹ȥǵƽޣеԭλͬϾǸƻŮ׻òνھȻ¼޸һһ˵ƽޣ˲ɲ²еʲô¡
ⲻ֪ͯνҲ֮١
ԭͯνҪͯȻң˭֪˼Яַ޷ꡣ
ټͯȻȻĳ£׻Ǳ˺˵ģͯνоܷŭӶ࣬ɻǶԼŮġ
һǼͯȻңһƴֺԼĶŮõĿС
Ϊһףͯνôѡ
У˿޳ˡŮѾǿеˣʲô취
ҪǣŮͿµҩҲŮѾ͵͵ȥģ֤ݣģֱڴͯν
ƲҵտŮŲޣͯνĲСΪˣһ֮Լ鿸Ҵá
ںԼŮ䵽زףң
кƣ
ԷޣԼŮȲ¼޸У
뵽ͯνͺ޵òС
ˣܿлʰСˣ
ںƣûҵɽһ˼ܱQĶȥʱŮ
ͯȻеĻִܲ٣׺ӭֻ˰µʱ䡣
ܴæ׼ȴط˲ӡԼų
ϲǳأ׼Լͯʶ˶յӡ
УҲҺͺơ
˵ͯνϲʲô˼ƷźɫϲúܺЦ
Ҽ棬ҲչȥƳۣ˭֪أ׿׼Ҷӣ
Ȼ˵˼άֻӴֿǣ
̧٩˵ͯνŮеҪδطǵأң˵׼Ұعеľ¥ˣҪعذ죡
üо¥Ҳ㿪𣿡
԰Цеĵͷǰȥ¥̸ˡ
ҺʣӦ𣿡
Ȼ׬ǮôƣһȻЦҵľ¥۸ɲأ죬emmm׬ӡĺ£ΪʲôҪܾ
ӣզ࣬ƣľ¥ôڵ𣿡
ƶʱˣ˵˭أҵľ¥۸ܹʳʣճȺЩҲǶһ޶ģعأұļҾ¥ҵľ¥Ʒζи߶˴ϵ㶮𣿡

851 аŵĴͷ

һ̸Լľ¥Ƶ˫ԣ˻һ
٩٩̸״⡣
ƣԣ
˵һλЪĹʱĸһ裺ȵˮɤӡ
šƹ˹˺˰뱭裬ΪԼķܽᣬ֮һһҪÿ׼ҺݺݳһѪǲҪ԰ԼǮ԰ԼųҾ԰ڸ
ԼǰװƣѪôԣ
ãǮǿ׼ң;ʨӴ󿪿ڣǲǮˣΪȥҪծҳ˵
Цۣѽѽ
ˣͯҵϲ磬ȥ𣿡¡
ƵȥȻˣΪβȥôʲô𣿡
ĪҲÿ׼ҺͯνҪƻⳡ£
ƺ뷨ֹ˹ıӣʲô¡Ҿ鷳ȥֶѡ
᲻ᣡҺ뿴ͯС޸еʱͯνķܲܿĵһֲ´ı顣
û취ãǵʱһȥ֡еԭҲʡ͵ĵƣͯνŮ޹ȥҲûʲôӹ
ͯν׼ҲͯȻôɣƺ˵
Цҡҡͷƣլ£ҾñսϻҪӣȻҲ֪Щ˼լûмɾģм
ô£զࣺЩҲݵģ̫ˡ
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Ҹ㰡Ǿܲ˼߰µģҧгݵľҡ
ҿЦã㲻Ҳǹ
ƣҵŮֻһΨһŮˣ˵㣬ʲô°˿ǵļ㻬۵˼ҸЩвһ
ʣǸѧġ
ĵͷ⻹࣡Ҿ˵ҵ۹ôãôܿأ
ҵͬʱ˳Լ
ұЦˣ˳Ļ˵ǣϱ۹ãҵ۹Ҳãǲһ˲һأ
ԶԶԣûͷֵúϲ£졣
Цһӣ˵¡
ĮˣӡӺȨҳһš
ڧ𣿡룬ʵĮԼǲǾûɧˣ
ǡҡҡͷȨʧܵӱȻԼ뿪ĮͥѰפ޽ǳءһʱҲطֵޣʳȺӻô
ƷüͷȺĮ˻ǿھӣ̫ˣ
ƫƫû취ңֻһֱ
շͲǽ취
ɤ۶ϰ̤̤ʵʵĹ
ЩͶʵӽ߹
Զ׼
ԣǱ߹طչҲԭ
ЩɵйĴ壬ڸĵĽˮ簲仧Ǳȣ߹Ĵʲô
һ̣оԼС̲ס̾˿
ԼչĻ̫ѽ
𷢳ҾԼܣֽŵüͷƽƣȺ£عغȪˮҲµģң˵δһᣡ
۾ˣţô
룬Щ۵˿һˣζĿһϷŵĴɫϲ
ϲνϲΪԼ
ǾԷܱQðɣ
³ˣͯȻд顣
˵ױʮ̧ҷʮ㡣
ӭ׵ʱعصİǷ׷ϽֹۿͯϲǮʱһѷȥ
׼ҲǴ󷽣һ˰ӵͭǮȻؽһ·
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ȻҺͺƲûȥ֣ǿŵֱӵ˿׼ҵľ¥硣
¥£רдϲνеۣͬҽȥһֶЩס
ЩȻҲЯԼŮģǺƱ㱻ȥŮ
ЩģҪƼ䣬ȴֹˡ
ʱн쿪ڵЦƫķ˻ò绨ѹֿͯνŮأ
⻰һʱ
ЩΡ
˵ͯνţҲǷͳǵɹġ
֮ǰΪƫЩĦʱƣȻԷ׼ҲͯνŮĴ֮ʱ¡
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һ£ʲôЦֲŮʲôµģ
ǧϲԼȥȢڻûа붴أ˵ỰʵжЦЦĿǸ쿪˵
˻Ȼ
ƫ⻰ǧ
̫˰ɣ
ǧɫ˲ˣƫɲ˵Ϊ˭һ˼𣿡
Һú˵ʲô˼ˣЦе̧ȳǧ˹ȥһҪԷú̸һ̸ģ
ǧʱٴе佻õĽҲվĶҡ
ƫտͯνŮ֮գǧֱǸе
ȷ˵ңָָԼıӣȻһܣҿɶˣµĲңǧϲνŮĻ°ò֣Ҫӵͷ
Ҳϰݣ˲ͷ۲ѣЩǧΪҪҡ
֪Ǹͷ
ѡʱʱ򻹲Ǹƫؾ͸԰ٻֱӽһƫſˣ
ʱͯνþ洦ƫƫóһƫΥ͵֤ݣ޷
֮һ£֤Ҳǡ
ͻˣǱΥͱˡ
ôˣô£ΪֹȻ˸ƫѵ⻹֤ʲô
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852 ұҧ

죬Ȼη壬ŵĲƽ
һ
ȫ轫һ
ҵܴ֪ģǧֱͻͻѹĸҶ֡
ڣΨָվȰܣ汻ҵȥһ٣ӿɾͶɾˣ
˵Ҫͯνպûӹˣ
ǧ˵վ˳
˰ɣܰٴȰ
ڵܰٴǧ۹ְһһƷ
ĿУܰٴĻЩƫͲνʹ
ԭԼµֵܣ
ĿɨǧһۣȻתܰٴЦ˹ȥܴ磬ô簡
һ˲䣬ѹӴѹĿڵʯͷҲῪˡ
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һߣܰٴҲСȰô˫۾أǧƣͯν޹Ҳ㣡ˣϲӣˣ
Ҳ밡ƫƫ˲Ըͣʼ磬ǱȴҪڣǾǸԼ˰
ĵЦݣܰٴε̾˿СӣǸϳԿԸ񣡡
ǰȪˮصʱ򻹺ãعظоҾȫԣ첻µزµ¡ʱܰٴŶоľСһСˣ汻˸ʰզ
ܰٴĵģȻ֪Ϊ׶ԷΪԼãʱܰٴԸġ
ڴչҼüŪۣѹ˵ͯνĹŮģҿСѾͷҲͦˮİ
ȵƵһָͷЦڸ磬ҪԸ⴩Ьȥ׷׷Ҹղſû˵ٻͯνŮԸ޸أ
Ьȼܵİ֮𣬡˵˵ô£͵ӣ
ҿû˵ڸ磬ӵ
ͯұԺ˲ûڣͯν˷ֹ⴫Ҳ㽫˾֪
һôˣڶһмֶΡ
˵ںץӷΣ׼׻
ܰٴһæ⣺˵Įƨˣ
šӦһ
ܰٴͷ°̫ˣǿԹһ̫ƽˣŹʱɩҲӹɶþûϱͶˣ
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ܰٴһ㶣զģĪӻֵ
˵ǽΪ룬ʵܴ磬Ҽǵڶݣ
ڱ߹صĶߣعطǳԶ
ܰٴҪһ˼ң·پҪһ¡
ԭǱ߹صıǺ⽫ʯƷɵľӲġ
Ẉ̂ؼȥ˭֪һҲû뿪߹ء
뵽а׷ԲԵĸףΪС͵ӣܰٴ˼ΣǰݣǱ߶ðɽˮ̣ҲԴпӲŻ
ǺڣɵԼȥֻһСҲҪˡ
Ժܶѡȫ
˵ͷ͹˲ͷ
ܰٴȻ𣬵ȴûжٺ֮⡣
ļ򣬰οܴ磬ٵȵȰɣܿǾһԲˣ
ܰٴëˣһ壺ô⻰ɶأһЩ˻ɱ˵ʱ򶼻ôһһԲ𣿡
˲ɱùЦ
ȽЩǵĸЦŮڵż徻ˡ
ҴŮĿⶼۼںϣȻͷ¶⣬òƻ÷ˮʮֺ档
Ȼ˵ĵطǷǡ
Ů˵ĵطмʱȡ
ϯ䣬Ʋ˳۵Ҳڡ
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λڵĸɫһоЩҲסӴլŲŲĸ˼ңȻʶˡ
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ȻûУǸ·˵Լôܼˡ
Ƶ˵ͷȻûУҳûн̹İ˵֮ǰҽ𣿡
ڷԼûǸɫһ䣺ƣ⻰ʲô˼˭أ
𣿡һ޹λˣ˵֮ǰӦȷʡһԼ𣿡
λɫʮѿָźƵıҪƿڴͻȻ̧絶Ŀ˹
ĶʱһߵĻȻˡ
ǸҲϲָҵıӡջĿ⣬˵
Ǹ˻ָ΢΢ȴǿӲϵͷָô㡢ҺôҲ곤û
һμָű˱˵˸̸ƹЦҲգ͵ҽճûҧ˰ɣ
˵ԹԵ
ǸЩ²̨վԭأĶˡ
ҪƼ䣬֮ͥˣò̫ʣͷɷУֻҪһ㡣
ǲ˵䣬־öӣ˺һ㡣
ʱһԲ̬ĸԲѽϲӴ˵㣬ֵòģᣬ˵˾ûˣ°ɣһϲأ
˵ǣϲӣ˭ҲڣǸ̨ףһ
ÿСԹԵĸԼ˱裬Ȼ͵ߡ
¥ĲȻϣԸȣ豭֪ùǽΣɿӿռ任һĲ豭ĲˮҲ衣

853 Ȥ

ƱǼ⣬Ƶʱöˡ
ᴵ˴һС裬ʱں㣬ĵ̾һ
ףôоȵĲҵĲһһЩأԱͻȻʻζ
Ʋһϡ
Ůӿʮ꣬Ůķͣͷǰʮֿɰ
ʱŮһգգĶźеĲ豭ϸ˰ԼеĲˮ
ףɫҲ̫һ֣ѵ¥׼ֲ裿Ů˵ţʹϸźƱеĲˮ
ǰһٿȥʱͷֺƵĲ豭Ѿˡ
Ѹײڶ֮ƽˮɵȻ͵͵˿ˣû뵽˺Լݴչڨ
λ㣬ȵĸĲ谡Ůʵ
΢ЦָָղԼǸ
Ů㽫ԼˮĲˮ꣬Ǹһ裬ȻȲĺһڡ
һİһҲ㣡Ů
ƲɺЦȻһص˵Ϊټһ
ŮȻ˺ģԲʵʲô
ƴͳһСƿŮ˻Ρ
ŮǸƿƶʵ㣬ʲô
Ҹһ㣬֪ƹصʾԼĲ豭˹
Ů˹豭Ĵߴ٣㣬Ӱɣ
ƱóһСɵӣ򿪴ƿ˼ƬҶŮĲ豭С
˵ĻУʱһЩһζ
޵ʾС㣬ĶǲҪڱȽϺã
ǣ֪֪治֪ģЩ˿ģģ˭֪ﶼʲôHֶأӻʼĸˣ˵ʱϵķ۶۵µ
ƿȥǸ˱Ĳ涼Ưһ׷ۣҲ֪ܲܺˡ
СǼ˵Ļõüͷʲô˼λ㲻ǸҼ˼ƬҶѣĪǻжɣ˵ˣλҪ¶ҲĿ֮¸ҷŶҩɣ
Ǽ˵ĸ˱ƿԣƺŮݣ˸һڡ
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΢Ц˵ң
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״ƲɺЦζȷʵúȡС㻻һ豭³һ
˭֪Сȴͷҡø˹һ㣺вУ˷˺ò裿
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ǰСԸΪŹ֣׶˲飬۹ĸߣΪĮԣѴ򽻵
ڿԹȻš
Сȷʵ˲飬δĮԣֻǶԼõĶȽϳ԰ˡ
ĻղλСôԼڨأ
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С룬۾ˣ˵еҴδȲҶʮѵֻǿϧûüƷһ
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СЦۣƾͶл
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вУ˵ţվīǻؼң
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ƼСѾ߿ԼҲƺܸȤҪʶһ£㿪˵ã֪ʲô֣
԰㣬ʲô裿ƹȻתע
Ϊ裬Ϊˬڸˬ˳ζʮ㣡ЦŽ͵Ȼ׳һ⣬֪ӦγݣʱҪӶٲҶˮˮ֮֮ԷֲƷ
һƶˣ㣬ݻôི𣿡
֪ҶĳݲȽߣò裬ϴ衢ݡ
ѵ⣬ҪһЩٷһЩ
ҳʱǵϢ
ʣɽԼɻһһ˳
΢΢һЦòż㲻óһȻҸ˵
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ƵĻƲɱЦˡ
߲ԣݷҲԣˮ»ߡ֮ζ϶ûô룬ܱЩҶζҪõĶࡣЦƣ㲻
㣬Ե˵ͷãȳ
˵ţȻСŲ豭Եһڡ
ˮЩ̣ʱ򼸺һˮһࡱ졣
ȻЩţͬ˵ע⣬Ȼû˵ʲô׾
еĸԼŮ˵ǧ򲻿һ³
ȻԽ˵ĻһֲС
С³ǣԼñЩ˲֪˶ٱ
ЩźƷζǿڹģǿⰴһһ۵չֳġ
ڣûȥͬ˵ķ飬ı۾רĸܿеζ
ðΣſۣ̾ò裡˲述Ʒ
ЦǸɰԸտķˮϴߣò͸Ȼò衣ţҶԼڲһҡ
һ룿ôࣿʮ־ȡ
Ƶ˵ͷڸѵģ
ܽˣƹɵͷ˵
ݵˮǸտķˮҶϴһΣȻƵһݡƶ˶٣˵һݟh塭ͿԷֱƷˡڶݣҪ˸Ҫʮգџh˵
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˾ͶȣǳţһԼ֮ǰЩ˲̫һ
֮ǰڴƽϷˣҲһء
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һμˣȫ˽ԷʲôԸ
Լ֮ǰæµϵ£ԾнϢעĲ
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԰㿪˸¥кܶûмĲ裡һɢϯȥĲ¥Ʒ衣òðק˵ĸ첲
Σǳ磺⺢ӣμóȻҪȥ˼ҵĲ¥һضûУҪݷˣôҲҪ˵ݸԼʱ䰡ðʧֱӵŵİ
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Щεӣ˸òڹԼŮ̻˰ɣ߾ԼĻϲĹӽƣ
ǰ߻Ǻߣ˶Լӡ󲻺á
ǺҲΰԼģԼûйֺõ˼
Ƽﲻ˵һתԼĲ豭㿴Ɑ裡
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˵ݹʵ񣬺ƺЦ˺Ҽе裬ұֻһң޷ֺţΪ٣ԲĿǰֻһͬá
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Ȼ˺Ƶ˼һۣû뵽˼л䱦
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տڣ㱻һԵļƹ͵һº󱳣ʱԵ˵ˡ

864 Ҫͣ

ƹôһԣĪһûиղôӲˡ
ʱһֱûĪ̲סС죺ҵʱҲû취˰ۿЩǳɫĲ϶첻ҪˣٲֻӵˣܲŲڿⷿɣ
ƿĪӣɫԻ֪Īӿҵ̣һߵ޳УһͨĴֲ޲ϸҲǰЩɫǳɫߵϵ˵͵ƥ಼ϵļ۸δĪӣ˵Ŀɶԣ
԰ҾǴһЩɫĲ϶ѣûҪΥԼĪӵ͵
ƵͷˣĪӱɣ
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ƥɢˡ
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ǣǼ˷׷˵ˣҲȲѰײҪùˣ
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ϾӵĶǰλЩѧǶûо͸
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ƹȿ޵˼˸
ƹҲ󣺡˴壡ȻΪΪ񣡡
ƹͷһ䣺ˣϼûˣǷˣ

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һ˱ŷӵĴʺƨƻоеƮƮȻ
ڶ䣬еδҪǿǵ⣬ĺ˵Ҫͣ
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պ󣬺ƺаźϻ￪ĲҶӡ˵ڴпҵˡ
˺ӦҲμ˿ĻʽͬʱĻнİء֦Լˡ
˵󡱿ҵ֮ʢعǰδеģ
һʱ֮䣬̺Ժǰüģſڶվˡ
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Ҳ͵ˣǿǳҶģҪǿ۽˵ɣ
ԣΪΣðɣǾȽƷĻɣֻǵطޣֻҪίλˡ
˷׷ױʾ޷رԾƴ
ҶЦֺǺǵģƺκβҲٶ˵ʾаŽһڡ
аŰ»൱׵ģѾѵһɫϼѵŮūѵ˺һӡ
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ЩŮеһһϣϵĲҶޡߵһһóڷźá
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ֱߵһŮǰʼݲҶһвҶӵĻΪ˽ܲҶƷ֡
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аȴƫƫûóƷҶǴƷҶʼݡ
һֲ裬ǵøȸ裡

865 ֳ

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аȻƫȸ裬ƽĶۣȸȻѷһȸƷΪƷ
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Ҳ׷׸ͣЦúƾ̧߼۸
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·𿴶е˼ͯЩŭôѵ˵ĲԣʮһĲҶļ۸˲ÿ𣿡

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ͯ˺ѾߵĽ̸ƵȻȴѾ뿪û

868 Ѧҽа߻

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875 ˦ƹ

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Ǽ׳Ӧǣ˿ЩѾߺӣ˳ͯȻ׷ȥ
ͯȻ֮ܵһΣҲΪǱһΡ
ƽĽŲͯȻŲ·ܵһƧС
һͨ׸ŵСʮƫƧƽߡ
СŲľдУϵ·ۣҰ̫á
Щ׳ʵܽСûãͿͯȻӰˡ
϶ͯȻȻǳܵģԺԥС·ŵķ׷˹ȥ
һúֵܴͯȻŴŲԶȥ֮ųһȻҵĴ
ʹҲۣܵίȴСеļҪࡣ
Уҧгݵĵе
֮ܣͯȻסˣձصٱ
΢˼һ£̧ȴֳһȥ
˶ȥ˺ţҪϵŴźá
زŵǸūƽռԼĺܣǲԼġ
Ȼһ·ûˣʮ˳ľ˲š
Ŵ򿪣ҪͯȻ嵽ŸǰزŵǸūź
Ǹūһ㶣ͷ񣺡Сļˣ밲ˣ
ҽŴ򿪣㣡𣿡ͯȻĴߴ٣Щͷ
ˡŵūŽһɵ˵ǻȥɣ
ͯȻһ㶣Щɫ˵ˣҽŴ򿪣ĪҪ·ϲɣ
ŵūͨһ򵹵ϣҿȴҲҿš
ʱͯȻͻȻһƵŮӴαΪһأүģ
ͯȻ͵ŤͷһѾߵĲ¿Լ
ϸҡҷˣ·֡
㣡ͯȻۣЩ񣬡ôУҲã֪
ӴӴİҲģ洽Цû֦Ҳ㲻ӦùôӦùﰡ
˵ţͯȻգգۡ
£ͯȻԼĴ
Ǳ޷뿪׸ֻ¡
ʶȻʹӣͯȻͷһͱ˵̬ͼｲˣպжһˣ⣿ߣ˶кô
˵ˡһָҡҡŲߣʵҵӰ첢󡣷үģҲѽǽˣֻүҪأԣȰ㻹ĺã
ͯȻһ䣺ȷҪԣ
ﲻң̿״ζüǼôң񶼸ҹȥɣ
ͯȻͿйұײƿʼùľͶ
ĪͯȻΪպԺƽദɲģ
ţͻȻķԼѾߵ֣ʾԷɿȻŤƵĳͯȻȥ
һߣһ˵ˣʵãúദġˣɣүô۰ү϶̵ģ
ΪѾߣŵūֹһߵʹͷƵıֻͯȻһ
ͯȻ׶ԷΪֿʼĿڽԼˣղŷһһõġ
ֻǲ˵ʲôͯȻ϶˶Է϶ǲġ
οǸˣߣնҳִԼԼôֶܻĵߣ
ˣһȰٸүˡ˵ţͯȻ֡
ͯȻôܱסһֽĸ첲ĿŭȵʲôҲȰ
δ䣬ֻѾֵĶĵ˵ϡ
Һһۿ˲ͺˣˣҲǺģοҪƵأ
˭ˣͯȻ뷴ʣȴͻȻһŭĺ
ø㾹ҳִˣ
ѭȥֻһŭĴ߹ʹӺ׳
ͯȻŵ˺󼸲תˣͼԼ˨ӳȥ
жϵˣܳȥ
һ֣ʹӱȥסˡ
ſңЩūţſңͯȻƴץӡ
ʹӵĲӺ˲˼Ѫۡ
ˣˣһʹӳ˵ţ¼Ӵ
ŵͯȻǴʹӵĶ֣סãҼδҲŤĻʹ
ףеһиֲ⼸ˡ
Ҫ֣͹ֿУ
ǣ˫ۣ޵ĶſУУ˶ңҵһ˵ģ
һߵĿѾ۵ڻѯˡ
ͯȻĽвҡҡͷҵͯҴС㻹أǾΪܳߺߣˣֻⱲӶҪڴˣ

878 ǽҲŴ

еĻѹյһݣͯȻ˲ͬ龡˻̱ڵء
ͯȻкгʹʹ˸ɫ˺ȥֻǵ֢ܻ˵Լģؿ÷ˣ÷ܳţ
ҪͯȻˣ
ʹһݣ¼޽ķֻ¾ʹʧˡ
׼ҵһ־翪ʼĿ죬Ҳ졣
Ϸܿ㴫˺ƶС
֮󣬺Ƹп֣лУͯνһ£ôͯȻˣ
ǰҪռͯȻļױֱ޳ܣţ˼˼һ߸ţһץ輸ϵĹྡ
Ʊ̧ȥţ˼˼аȻûܵ׼ȥǽǣ
ţ˼˼ɴۣ˵ôӲŰղ˵׼ҵʱ㲻Ҳýζ𣿡
Ը˵Ҳ԰ɣֻЩլ£һƻŮȥĺãһĿǽ
ţ˼˼ܲˬһ֮ѿڶôҿѧЩHֶθ๫
ۡƲˣСѾͷԴﶼʲôأҾ˵ѧ˰ɣˣ˵¡
ţ˼˼ı˱죬Ҳûټִɶ£
֮⣬ûİãʵ
ţ˼˼룺ʲôаã˵黭ЩĶҲѧ
ƣ
ĪԼǸӣ
ȿȣҵ˼Ҫһ֮ңҲһֱȥټ£ԿǲǰתС͵
ţ˼˼û̫ʲôתУҸټӵͦõİøͶøǶûĺأ
㻹ͦаŬţ˼˼㿴СϲʳҾѧգСϲŮ죬Ҿ͸һЩӣպ㷻¡أϲʲô
ţ˼˼˼һش𣺡ϲ˱С
ƣ
ȿȣûиϰûصİãѾͷû취
ţ˼˼ҡҡͷҾϲϰ䣡𣬶ʹ죡
Σֻû˵ҪбԼɣ˱ܵ𣿡
ܰţ˼˼ĵͷԸԼĶӵģ
ƣûô죿
ţ˼˼ɻ󣺡ΪʲôҪôǿ˴򣿡
ƣҪǱҲôأ
ӦòɣЩ˴Ӻܱ仰ܺƵѪͷ͸ƴţ˼˼ͷǲϱҲνҼҲȱӡ
ƣ
ܺڣͲӦø˼ȡĸ죡
ˣţ˼˼ڻᣬòſôࡣ˵Ҳûʲôףţ˼˼书һ¥
ʵϣţǰŸԼԼпյʱúùܽһţ˼˼δȥţ˼˼
ҲûʲôҪ£û¾Ͷ룬ֲһ䣬ȻҲ㣬ҲҪעⰲȫɳ¡
ţ˼˼ͷ˵̣˰֣֪ǆ£
˵󣬷ǽȥܵˡ
Ŀɿڴ𣿡
ⶼʲôëүүһģһ
ϲǽҲŴ
аԼЩĴ̽ϢܺƿеĴڼ̳еָơ
Ȼиǵ£ҲȵĶꡣ
ԭţ˼˼Ҳ֪滹ôģԽ˵ȥ׼Һլ£Խϲȥ̽
֮̽ƫƫƻ㱨˵ϸˡ
ôȥͯȻˣôڿжߴ߷ˡ
Ѻֱۣ˵֮ţ˼˼䱾Ǻƾţ˼˼ȥˡ
иҲûʲôκεţ˼˼
Կ׼ҵսѾչƥ˸𣬾¥
ңʱѾعص⣬ЯȥԸ׼ҡ
ǣıǱ߹Ĵ֮ˡ
ʱ֦ѾԼһ뿪عء
֦µĳʦܺƵͳһѵ
ǣʱÿҪЩʦΣѵȻӳԷ˽ǵѧϰȣӽһ¾¥£ţ˼˼˵˵׼ҵİϢȡ
ûʲôѹһֿϷ̬ӹøİݡ
żƻͣȡĲԽԽͶ
֮£ľͺܿˡ
ܿסͯȻڸУϽӶıʻżϻݡ
һȺҶһǮ׬ǱǮˣȻһԴװĶʺȥǾȫҹҿ׼Ҳжļ䲼ƹ
һԴһĲƹЦңҲϣðЩĻ̫࣬ǵĲ˽ۺͱ˵Ĵֲ֮⣬һҲûУҲû취
׼عһļҲļҾ¥һһ䲼Ҿ¥
˵еҰġ
Ҫöɵ϶п׼ҵĲ;¥عصİסﶼԹ׼ҵ⡣
ҰǺõģǰ㹻Ұƥ
񲼷;¥ҵˣļҲļҾ¥ҲͳЦ
Ǽƹ˽ʱҲԹкøԶ̵̯̫
˵оӦѧϰ˺ƽ
Щ˼֮жеʱѾȫζÿиӾڹڳ⡣
ŭǰĸƹ񣬿ЦôһưˣΪҲ֪СžţΪҿ군ˣǾгͷ֮ˣޣΣҸǣˣҲкӹΪǱܻסǣ
⻰Щģĸƹɫ䡣
ң˵ʲô
ʲôǱӣңڻ𣿡


879 һ˦ƹ

λƹ񱻿еĻŭˣ׷׳Է¶߿֮ɫ
ЦȻǾԼ޹Ǿó֤ܼ򵥣˭ܹ˭Լˣ
һ⻰λƹʱƿԡ
˵ļ򵥡ҪôףǲҲͲԽԽҵˣ
Ȼȴûô̬࣬ȼΪǿӲĶλƹһѺݻ֮뿪ˡ
ߺ鷿߳ŤߵĿ֣ӱסȻȥ
үӣ۵ģ
Ů˵ĶᣬģĽеŭ𰲸ȥȻȴһɻ
ˣүҲúһתһѱסﲻܲ˵Ľ䰴ϣʼ֡
˿ѣү鷿
үпһݸȻԼж
ｿү滵
үһٻһ㡭
ү

鷿л֮£ǿеһ֮١
µƹ֪ԼĶҾȻ˲ףֻ»ڸ¡
ʱλƹȻ޴ӵ֪еĻƣһԲߡ
Ǻãֻ¶ɣˣλƹۻ׵ĺӣ̾
ΪᡢԼʮͷƹһ˦ƹ񣡰ʲô¶˦ЩƹɣйͶģڹǱƾʲô
˭˼أ
ǰͷʲôãͷһ仰͸ˣһ˵ǳ⣬ǡ
ĺ
ࡢڿҿҵĶΪʲôͷȴλεñв
һλƹɫãͻȻڵҪȥˣ
ʲôʮͷƹѿڶӦ۾һ˼ǡ
λƹɫĴȣزϾɱ
˼ԭҲûҪϾɱ˼˵ĲǶʮͷλƹǴ￴ϿС
λڿ׼ҵͲãǸ׵֮ܵܿеһƴ
ҲΪǿ׼ҵӣҪȻعʹֵõ
λƹҲǵ˰˱ùˣ
˵¥ƹҲĹѪͷֱͷ
ʮͷƹʾԼĲľͺͷԱı·
תת̽˵͵͵˵ӣ˵𣿡
԰ɣλƹ̾˿
Ҳֻҽˣ

ƿİһζеƹҵӣô°
ƹЦ˵ǿˣҶ̸
ܣ̸Ļǲʸ񣡡ƵЦ
ƽٰףԵˣеļӺųҪСΪ˲ǵ͵ֻ۸
ƹʣǶҪҪؾˣ
ؾȻңǾͼһɣƴЦ۲ת·뵽ʲôȤ°㣬ƹ񣬰Ҵ¥
һ磬µλƹͬ͵͵¥
ûСˣǶǰһЩװ硣
Ƽǵʱ򣬲ûֳ
λΪֹҲδ̫ʵЩ𣿡Ȥ
ĸƹЦ
Ǹ곤ĽñӺΧժЦĴˣͲҪЦˡҲǱƵû취ˣԲźƤ⡣
⣿λǲϴˣһ죬ҿɲǵĶҰңǱ֪ˣǻǱ
곤ƹ˵ҭ¶ɬ
ʮͷǸƹ̲ס˵ǲһǱ
ԴӺζҪûǴĻҺλòǵһμ氡ü
ûǴȷʵǵһǶȴüû棬ֻҪⲻþǱʮͷǸƹ޷˵
㶣𴽽ЦǶһȤ
жµΣ
ûеͶ·ʱ򣬾ѾȲĿʼ˦ˣ
ֶҸɣĸƹҲȷʵùġ
˶ԿеԹôĪҪͶԼ
е˳ȴõ˷񶨵Ļش
곤ƹЦ˵ˣǲԸͶֻǼСڿ׼£Ǳһˡʵǡ
Ѱ
ǩūͣûκԿԡ
ıֻ¼˵һ꣬㱻Ҵ˶ûط˵ȥ
ͬ飬ʵλǣ
ǡλƹһۣ̾˿
ջ곤λƹ񿪿ڵˣ֪ǲӦãҲûǡҲʵûа취ˡ˵ˣǲҵ˾ҪϱҵĴãǡˣһ·ɣ
˵ţǸƹԺƱȭ
ҲĿ¶֮ɫ
ҧ촽λǶҰǣ˼ǰó𣿡
˵⻰ԥĽĸһϳȥ
곤ƹֵ̿ҡͷȻǡˣˣֻֽһ£òǲһ¡ֻҪȥͺá
ֽ̣û˵ʶֻ¾ΪԼûоӪ⣬ĸƹŻŵİɣ
ϾԼûֱӵͻ
룬Ҳȥ⣬ΪЩ˲ҵ飡λǾԼû·ˣΪβӿ׼Ǳ취

880 ӹѩ

Ǳߣ
λƹһ㶡
Ҹ涫ҵ״³Ǹ𣿡һλʮҵƹѿڶ
Ǹ״ӣܾԼڱ͵ʹķɣҵ˼ǣѵоûʲôͷ֮ģΪˣڿ׼ӦòԵܺðɣңعȻشƫƧһǳ˵Ӧûۺġ
˵ֻһ͸οѾѻ˵ôˣλƹٲףֻ¾ľˣ
лˣλƹ۾һƵлȻܿ뿪ˡ
Ϻƽ¸ҽʱ̲סпҷԽԽˣôչȥҪϺˣ
Ǻ꣬ҲС꣡һĸ
ӣҲǺ갡ƻƻģҲŲ뵱أȻӸС֣ɰģߵһֱڷʵʵ·ߺòã
ˣⱲӣעǸС꣡˵ָĿڣС꾫
Ʊ죺ʲôһ
û㣡˵ʵҿ˹˵ȻôԵĶʲôʱʱ̵뵽㣿
ͻ黰úƴ벻ĳһǣﶼཹཱུðˮ
ܿģȴƫƫһʵߣͻȻ˵ôǲʲôԲҵ£
СģҺ޲ý
СѾͷ׳ʲôģΪʲôôϡôϡϡ
˵Ц˼䣬ͻȻ̸¡
Ҫˡ
һ仰ձղе컺ɶʧ
̣ƾˣ˭˭
̾˿ĮҪԴұ
ɣĮûãĮǴôܶԴұš
ҳΪĮңλȨߵӱҪѡµĵطվȽŸƫƫȱӺݡ
ԭ˵е㶪ˣ
ĮûӺˣͶԴұǰѴұʲôˣֻǮׯ
ôұȱĮ˿ҲȱĮ࣬ȴ˼۸ĸһ
ǡܸӣ
ǸֻҪɣ
ҲͦεģʵԼʲôʱսҺǰ׼
ûô죡Ҿǰ㣬׼ġҿЦǲǻȥһ˶ߺϱׯ𣿡
ƿҪˣʲôׯˣ
üû֮ǰ㵽ߡ֮꣬ǿܾûлȥɽˮˡͷϴȥﶼܿġ֪ϲĴȥ߿ΪңȴȦڱ߹ءƣίˣ
ίҡͷҵĲ˲䣬Сèһ㣬ȽŮˣѾɡȻѡޣˣȻҪеóеΣңѾˣ¹ߵ޷𣿡
ҰͲðߵ޷죬˶ܲˣһ˵ˣҺЦ˵
ƶʱ졣
Үҵ黰ɼֱʦͨļܵ
ߣҲŲֲִ֪Ůأҹ߻׺ݵ˵
ʧЦúúãҾ֪зִ磬ԲŸҸɣ㷢Ӱ
⻹࣡ƺߺתת飬ʦȥعˡ˵᲻ȥһʦֵ鷳˰
֮ǰѦҽûϢͼȥعأ˵Ҫͷͽж¡
ˣûסֻ˸ʦִ˸ţȻʦร
ϾѦҽҲ籾¿Ŀõģ
һԲϾ¶ǵ
ҿû£Ѧзִ硣
ȷƵɴۡ
Ѧҽзִ磿ȷԼû˵⻰
ұı鶺Цˣİɣ˸ȥˣʦ˵ģ
˿
֮ǰʦûʱʦǵʦĻˣҪĵĺʦꡣ
ͽܵϣǹĵģ
ҵ˿ţػʦǱ߲ʲô¡ںƵעѾˡ
˵ĮЩ伴ҪҲССֵɧšս٣ҪȱĮڲͳһĳϴһԺ
ңаϢڵĮĿԺܴ
뵽Ǹյӣƾ̲סü
֮£ǴӰ˴￴ȽɵƺöԸһЩ
Įͥڲģ֮ʻǸϽһЩսʱȽϺã˭֪ЩĮ˻᲻ͷأ
ǣһμӿǮƵĲ
аѾȥߺϱ߹ׯˣֻҺʲôʱпս˹ȥ±á
ڲׯˣƲ¶棬а
ϾµĻ͵ڱ¶ҵĲ
˵ע⣬鷳
𷫺ī֪ʲôİŽܹĵĿʼ⡣
ѡİԼаҲӿ˿̵ĽŲ
ܿ죬ĴҺò֪£ƵѾ߹أҿʼ߹ĵطչ
Ǳߵǰû漰ģаźҲʼԡ
ǵǱߵ򣬺⽫ϵطаš
͡ԧףԼţȵȸʽĹȻϳľ¥Уܿг·ϵİǴĴθڴ󿪣޲öٶٶԡ
ѩһƮ£ȻѳѩԽԽԴԴϵĳƵĺɰй
ƲûнЩӴȻԸаŽ任ɸָʣȻ͵߹

881 úҵ

µʱһζһֱæ⣬ʱš
ֱѣŷ־ؽһˡ
ʱ찡пš
һ꣡
⽫λҪĵĸأ
ʱ䣬˸ıܶϰߣ뵽İĵط
źĸпȻʧЦǲǸһϷ޵ĸоˣ
ѽգգۣѾûʸأ֡ʲô

ҴᱧԷߣЦаúҵ֣
ٽأر߹صĽ춼ӵʥּҪؾְ
ĸ˼٣źƷ˴ƽ
ܰٴҲΪǰ֪Ϣٻؼ̽ס
һλشƽһε;ֱҪ̫̫ƽ
һ˶ûУס޵Ŀջûһڵꡣ
ô𣿴ҶŹгȥ˰Ƹֹ
Ҳ֪ʲôǺгᣬҲµ˴ŵ˼
ǰŬŬ죺ͲгҲ֪֮ûҲ磬Ϊޣ
ܰٴǶؼ̽ˣΨй޹ʹھӪ
һϼƣϹһͬشƽꡣ
·٣ƽʹӪ﷢·˰ٻȻǰٻĹٷ
ͨУٷʮġ
ǹޱ飬ϲŭϰη
ڹٸˣϰܶͶ㣬ﻹҪ߼۶Ӱһ㹷޳Էס겻ӣֻǶ˵ʲô
ԭ˼·᲻ô˵ȵ˴ƽٻʡĸ·Ūˡ
˭֪ŹٷȻã˿Цá
Ϊ˶࣬ƽլס£Ժİȥ˴ƽ򽼵ׯϣ׼ׯϹꡣ
·ƽʱ򣬺ưѸϴҲһͬˡ
ϴܾûͽܣһʱͿʼ̺ƵҽҪǿûаԼЩҽּǿꡣ
ҲҺúȻæµ鷽沢δ飬ûбס
ŸϴͺһһΪгѦҽرζ
ǣѦҽʼԱƴˢڸУϴ⣬һԼ⽫滻ˡ
ôҲͣϴҲźӱտЦ
ͷôˣϴ˵ѦҽˣԼԷˡ
ϴЦǿͽܣ˭һ
ôһʵ𣿡Ѧҽƨ˵
ϴͺεĶһۣĬ˭ûнӻ
ǺѦҽԸԽԽ෴ֻҪû˴ôԼһû˼Ҳˡ
ȻѦҽ˵һû˽Ӳ磬ֻ㬱졣
ׯϵţȥׯſڵšһĻкСԲ߽ϣ´ƽ誵ˡ
ҶӭˣׯūȻҲҵ׷վĬĬȺ
ⳡ棬˵ǳˣ
ȵǵׯӣſһȺӭ֮ɾˡ
㣬òŸô¡ذɣƿЦõ˵
Ϻһֲģǽλʦģ
˵ţԽѦҽ͸ϴкѦϣϣһ·ˣ죬ȥúЪϢЪϢ
ϵЦһ¶Ծ֮ɫŴ죬Ц
ˣˣˣϽȥϴһ°ɣͷԸպˮһ˵أЦ
һ˵˵ЦЦׯӣʰϴһ֮˷
ӣʽĲѰϡ
˰ɣȳԷɣ챿Ҳ̫˵Щд˵Ļ
ҲΪʵ޻Ļ˷ûκξУҲûӴá
Ůһ
ûʳ޲Ĺأ˱߳Աģռá
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ȰٳԵɣţ飬ٲԷ͸ˡ
ôӲͷҧ˵⻰ʱ֮䵹ûʲôԹֻһҰƽ
Ҳһˣϰˡ
ֻǰȾ˷纮巢ȣĲӲĺͷˡ
ᷢĿ˿̽ʵҪҸ㵹ˮͷųԣ
ûʲôθڣȴҲǲԷԼֻ¶δܰùȥ
˾ˣһ˰ˣǶͷԼֻӾ͸ùˡ
뵽ĵ˵ͷã
ȥſڵ¯ǵˮյ볯ߣͻȻ˴߿
ŴϣƵһģеˮһأҲ̵ͨ졣
ʹгɼҲûɿ롣
Ϊ֪ˣֻԼϰҪ١
޹ȫһŽ߿ûӣվſڱֱӺ϶ûθڣϽȥһ룡
һ˱̵֣æ˵ȫȾ˷纮أ
ȣļٵģ޹ȫѹţʱôҲûڿˣ÷纮ˣ
ЦȻˣҹͦġҲҹΪ˸ԵԲš
ˣɶϣ޹ȫͷĴϣǲҪ仳ˣϽúźţµҽˣϽȥ仹źأ

891 ⸮⹫

Ų飬ĮͲͷĶӣᱯ
ǣʲô취
󣬴̾˿ǿĲվãȥȿȣ
Ҫ˵ʲôǿŶĮջ̾˿

ǾͲӦðѶ͵˼
Ӻǰ
ôҲδһɫ

δŮ޹ңǵûдҴҽŮˣȻŮĲð춨ǲǾͲˣ
ͬһʱ̣Ҳ˼Ů޹ҡ
᲻ͬһʼǹŮдŴȥŮȴһֱûлš
ŮǺԼͺ˰ɣ
̾˿һĬĬϴһԼ廹ܲܳŵŮټʱ
ÿҪȥƽ忴Ůʱ򣬶ӺͶϱһǮ˵˾ͲҪٻ
ͷһͺˣȰŻȥͺãպһȥŮ
ոһգͷӵʹˣȴһ㶼ûд¡
뵽ϾĵĲУԵҲԽˡ
Ŀѣ̣ŵ죡ղŹүˣʱԣýС㡣
Լ䣬ΪλҪԼŲֻѪģһھ˹ȥ
һߣƵ˵˷⸮ſڣŵ˽ȥͨһ
ԭ˵ݸӵģȴֹˡ
õ̫ʽˣ÷˿ʲôװصӣԳ˵Ŀ
Ȼŵ˵ȥͨȴһ߾ǽʱûлš
ɵվſڸɵȵ
ȻҲԼֱӴźϵһߺȲһ߳Եģȡ
Ǽ˺һ裬Ե̵ģ⸮١
Ǽҹү˵ˣûн㣬ûݣ⸮С˵
Ʋ죺޹ȫô˵ģ
ֱԼҹү֣⸮Сƺʮֲ㲻˵Ҽҹү˾Ϊûò
ˣ㻹ҽòƷʣȻ˵Ҳ޹ȫģź⹫⹫ᣬǷ⸮ܲҪû˰ɣ
⸮С˳һ£ţȥʣ
СƵ뿪̲סҡͷ˵⹫ŵӻĺܲùأ
ǰ⸮С⹫Ųް֮⣬Ҿ˾ƺҲԸǣüͷСš
ƱȥССͲҪüСӣҪСӸеӣ
æ㣬㣬ѾСˣ
ǣ꣡ƺЦ˵
ϲ˵ĸѾˣҾˣ
ղǻû𣿡ƹⶺ
һĻش𣺡˵ˣֻҪ㳤һ꣡
ðɺðɣСӶͲøϽ󣬲㳤˾ҪʮˣƴȤ˵
ϲ⣺Ϊʮˣ
סԼգΪʮòһ֦ѽ
ҶʱĺƤЦˣƣ⻰ñ㣬Լ˵ǲǲ̫ʣ
׳׳Ŵ͵͵֡
ĵʱ⸮С˳ˡ
һΣС˻ٶԱ֮ǰʱˡ
޹ҵĶŮ⸮Сʵ
Ȼ⻹м٣
ǺãǽɣǵŲˣǸϽȥźţ˵ţ⸮С˱˴򿪲СţʾƵ˽
Сһ㶼Ǹϵūߵģڷ⸮Сȴźţɼ⸮̬ȡ
׵ŭɫһţȴʲôû˵ĬĬĸС˽ȥ
ԸȻƽܴ裬ڸζԴ⸮̬ϣѡغơ
򴽣תһۺϺ׳׳ӲŸ߽ȥ
һ·߹հƵģСȻûд·ǼСߣ·Ƶġ
״״˵Ҫȥݼүͷ𣿡
Сԣ֮ɫүͷùźֻҪЪϢˡү˵ջǲҪүͷ˱ȽϺã
ȻСֱȥ޹ȫûи֪үͷˡ
ףҩζ𣿡ʡ
С˴ҼСУӦǱ̥ҩζ
仳ˣţ˼䣬С˵Ҳû̫ڣһһ
ܿԺСֱǳߵһСȥ
ɻüǣ
㲻Ҫ⹫ǾסǽȥɣˣСָָǸƾɵӣüδȥָ·뿪ˡ
ԺﻹѾߺСˣȴҴҶûƵһˡ
ƺĶһۣСݵţǰá
𣿡
ƺ˶˶Ȼ󻺻ĳſ
ŷУƿԿǸӰͣȻжǺܷ㡣
֨һľŴ򿪣¶һŲƣӡ
ϸ˿Է˫΢΢죬·޹һ㡣
Ҽŵλߣһѯʵãү𣿡
˵ͷǰİףҡǣ
Сϣ⹫ͻȻһѽϳǰߴٵ
ΪΣȴǹɵĽе⹫Ǻϣ
һ⹫㶵
ð춼ûӦ⹫ڽԼ
ӣ㡢ʲôŵʵ
ֽһ⹫
һԺƲ⹫ҽкƣҵܵܺϡǵĸ׽кĸ޹ҡ
޹ҵ֣᲻һ㶡
һɬӿͷһʪʱܿƵĻ
Сҵĺӣ

892 Ҳʰ㣡

ںƵ˾ȵʶԼʧ̬ˣæӺҲ˰ͷ˵죡ģ
߽֮ȴ¶ʵůͲ˶٣ǽ쿪ѻ©ŷ硣
Ҳסˣ
̣㿴˴ŵ̫̫
ͷȫף˫۽գ΢вĳ죬Ȼڷȡ
ţŲ𣿡Ƽæʵ
ѪԵһ⹫һȻиС
ţȻ϶üüۺ׺
ԼԼϵüҲŴϣһüԶɽ˫Ƥ۾γ
ʻͻȻеƲסˡ
ˣһ֪ϰвȥϱһǻԼεˣ˸̧˻
ȻͷβȴûʹһϵĲ飬̫ϵ
ͷһμŮȴԼ˵ͷֲϰ˹ġ
ĲٸнζԱ
ǰȾ˷纮ڷȡιȥˡŴ
֪ǲΪʹˣرʧأѾʧ̬ˡ
üǰȾ˷纮ҩҩ֢ǡ
ı飬ûмȥ
ΪѾµ˴𰸡
ԭûпԸ˵ʲôҩˣ
Ŷˣ˲ҩסĴ©ƷܺòŹأ
һʼСҲԽԽأѾʼȲˣ
ƿ첽ߵߣ̽ϵĶͷ
̣
ָɫʱ
ϵ弸ͿˣضӪȾϷ纮֮ûкúõһӲˡ
ֻ¾ͿԸʬˣ
뵽вȼŭתͷʵ⹫˾֪Ų𣿡
ɫȻô֪ܲε˸̧ġ
дʡ
úѿʹҡҡͷ
Ʊ㲻˵ȡֽʽң˵д
ҩǲԾĿһһֽϡ
ҵֿÿʲôʱԼֲдأ
пһ䣬ƽҩ˴аȥץҩ
аȥ
ῴ촽˶վʲôû˵
˵ʲôڿɲǿ׵ʱ
ϰμŮأ

ʲôмĻǵϰ֮˵ɣһˣʵǸ˵ڣ
аȥץҩĹ򣬺һ˿ڵıӣˮһ֮ٽ赹ˮĶװһȪˮ
̫ΨȪˮһ£Ҫβǵö֢ҩ
СĸιˮԼϲ˲ǣȻҪԷҴӡ
ֲŴӣס
˱Ӽ£涼Ӳ񣬺֣һǳ޻Ѿˣ
޹ȫ
ҧҧ̧᣺⹫ҵϻӣŸϰɣ
˵ţϺ׳׳Сϣ׳׳￴ţҺȥȥ
Ϻ׳׳ɵͷ
㣬ҵ㣡˵
Ƶ޹ȫֻ㲻ĵķԸŲĺأǧҪŲ𣿡
ϵ˵ͷ㣬İɣһտŵģ
һԵЩΣΪŮɶʮӣѡ˵ŮĿУȻЩסġ
ҲǣԼϰڲöҪˣԼԱ֮ʲôˡ
Ҳûϰ򣬿ɶûӣҲԼǰˣϰ˭
ҺŮӼʱϵ򡭡Ĳ
ῴƺͿҲ׵ĺܡЩϰԽԽϰһδܰȥ
챣ӣʱ˿̣Ψ
Ŀͺƺ뿪Լûڴǰǰ˸Сſڵλá
׳׳ˣҲѧ档
һʣûطˣֻڴβŻеϡ
ʱ⴫Ų
ΪǺǻˣæվ쳤
ɫЩأ¿˿¯
һ룬׳׳Ҳɨѡ
ٴеĶŵľš
ῴӵĶʮֲ죬˵ʲôʱľűѵһ߿ˡ
һӹ˽벻ı紵һ飬硣
ȥ̧Ժˣ޹ȫ
ʹӴӦųȴϺ׳׳סš
СӣϽÿһпɫ̥ǵĴʹӶ
¯ӵֱССվñֱˣܼ磡׳׳ţ
׳׳ܿ죬ʹӻûӦľűǰѵһˡ
ղŵĶжŵж󣬷·ڶ޹ȫ̬ȵķ
ʹӵĵϸЩ֪޹ȫ
޹ȫĶҪðˣţĶðСӣţòǹܣ
һʾ׳׳ӵסţһ߸ﲡˣ㲻˰̧ȥıɱ𣿡
ƨ°޹ȫ˴ֿڣҼңֲ£ţҹȥ
ıɱҾȥ٣УǷңޣ˷ҵ𣿡϶˿·硣
Ǻ϶ᾪ֡
ΪĿǸҪʱ̱ʱ̵̽ĵܵѾ֪ĳˡ
Ȼ꣬˼άݡڲŸһˡ
޹ȫ޷ֱӶֵǰýţҿţбȥ٣ĸүܷҵ£СӣڷҰҲʰ㣡


893 һ

޹ȫŶ룬ںϺ׳׳ƴӣöԷ
׶һһ´Ժ۷ĺӣͬ׹˱ѡ
ٿСǵͨ죬ƴӵĺϺ׳׳־ĿһȺ
Ȼ߹ֵסӣ˵ȫﲡúأ̧ȥģҪ𣿡
⣬޹ȫĶһ٣תת˵˵ʲôȻƽﲻ̫ҲҪȥֻβôأһҪԺˣ˵ϾɻǵĴأ
ߣǸޣҲշ⣡ʱ˿Ѿȫˣ֮Ҳٿ
޹ȫɫˣô˵ǲĺˣȻˣ϶ҲƤסڷˣţ˸ʰ϶ĶȥȥĶ
һֱҪΪ㣬Һαסڷң
ǶӺƵˣΪ׸Ҳ̫ûӡ
Ǹʱ޹ȫô˵ģ
˵ڣ;ԻǶգǲصĳԺȣĸһסȥĺġ
ʹϵʱǱģֻ᲻öӣĶ׸ûӹܹӦһЩ
һӦɺãӻһɶ˵ҵūͶ磡
ڣʹˣˣ޹ȫִһ߳ң
ã
һǶգ
һҪ׶ӣ
ԽԽһû峯ȥ
ϳһæɿ˹ȥһѱסᡣ
Ͼףᱻιȥӳһڵء
ӲģѵúϹͷۡ
ۼֿıס⹫ø첲ס⹫ͷֻһ£⹫͵ˤô
ߺϺˤڵأǱ޹ȫҲûš
׳׳һ˱ϾС޹ȫĶ֡
û׳׳˴ӵı޹ȫߵ󵹣ԭͲʵľҲߵüҪɢˡ
޹ȫҡڵ߽ӣޡ˿ĭСӣҶţǲǣ
׳׳һɷģһµץɨѵ˺ǰ档
Ӵǣüһʲ޹ȫЦȻʹӺȥѴţͶ
ţͶ޹ȫСˡ
֣֪С˿϶Բ
޹ȫྫ׳׳ǸӣҲԸԶˣֱӽԼ׳ʵС˹
ʱỹڵţǿûж࿴һۡ
Ҫ̧ȥֲֻ֮ý׳׳æ
޹ȫڵСʱǲֵġ
˳Ļ̌ϣѵЬӣϡ
֮У޹ȫۿţûְæ˵һҪ̧ȥ
ǵģ
̧һҲ̧Ҳӣɴ϶һӳȥˣ
ʹʲôҲɲˣҪǴһֺóգֻͽ԰׷ĸˡ
޹ȫĿУ϶ǸϺȵģڣ˾Զ߿Լһۣ
ʱţͶˡ
Լһ׾ŵĴһݣϺ׳׳˲һӶҪ˵ĸо
޹ȫһ֣ţȥСӸץס
ǣţͶţŴ׳ȳϺ׳׳ȥ
ۿСɽһӰͷѹϺ׳׳ʿˮһץе¯ӣһսеɨѡ
Զ㣡Ȼ¯ӣ˿ûзֿĴ㡣
ֻϧǵ¯ӴڴţҲʹ
ţֱһͽץס¯ӣȻһͽ¯Ӷ˹
ʱ˿ְ̣ûΪûиѧһĹ
һߣ׳׳Ҳסɨصڵϣ󱻶һֻץסôѡ
ߺߣСҰԲСصȥ죬ҿǻûң޹ȫԸ
ʱͻȻ˲ڵһԣ
Ծԣ޹ȫ˳ڽӵȻͻȻӦǴ⴫ģʱŤͷȥ˭
⣬һɫ멣òǵľɫŮӿ
࣬һߴһֱ첲һ̬
պơ޹ҵĸס׼ص񷿶ӣҵĵܵܣƽĴһ˫ˮ޹ȫϲŭ
޹ȫ֮ǰŵСףʱεԽжԷ˽żȻԷףǾ͸ɴӸβҩ
û뵽ŵŮȻ˾ɫò
ޱӣҲˣ޹ȫЩˡ
ҳһˣ
޹ȫعһңǣ
๫ƽܡ
޹ȫصƵϣζĹ⣺ԭŮŮǸţҵſ
ʵֻкƲûоҲû׳׳ݡ
Ϻ׳׳ɣæܵƺߡ
Щί̧ͷƣһ㡣
ţ۲ۣû˵ͷеʵ
ҡҡͷûС
ʵҲ֪ûУΪȻ뿪ˣǷԸаʮտš
ǺϺ׳׳ĿҪʱаʮ϶ֵġ
һߣ޹ȫƲԼæǰգŮǴﰡ
ǰұֱӺһ޹ȫǰ
ұ޹ȫ˴ͷƾˣ޹ȫʮѹȸеͣס˽Ų
Ȼû޹ȫڴ᣺Сϣ⹫ôˣ

894 ͸Ա⵱С

ʣϺ׳׳һһѸղŵ齲һ顣
ûж˵ȿ첽ϵȥ
˵εòҪƶΪȷʲôµģ׼ز顣
ڣܺ⹫޹ȫǸѪ˨
͵Ѫ˨ƽԣͷ̧ʮңҪƶ
СϺ׳׳Ѿ⹫̧ȥˣҲ̫࣬Ͻ⹫˵
ûֶһ˿ռоδɿĸһϡ
ϱ棬˿
Ӫǿ϶ġ
ΪµĸѪѹΪûгԷµĵѪǡ
ֻҧһڵĺͷ˾֮⣬һֿҪķŭ
᲻Լ⹫ҲŰ˵鷢
˾ˣǼղŵĻ⣡ת޹ȫڡ
޹ȫûӦ
ղŵĻ⣿ղ˵ʲôˣԼŮ
ţŮﰡҽأôһˣ
ӵҡϺ׳׳ʲôһˣǲˣ
ƵĴҼڱ߹أ·;̫ԶԵﲢδС
һڱ߹أ޹ȫ۾ˣƵӲ⡣
ŮǧܵޣĪǾΪҾ˾ˣ¶һϧı飬˵߹֮ǰ̴ϲˣǲǼҵӹȥˣŵܵͶ˾ˣ
ϰƲ죺ллôһˣ
Ʋ÷򴽣Ŀŵʹϣ˾ˣ⹫Ųˣ㲻Ҹղ˵˾ҪǶϳȥ
޹ȫתת飺ôܣԣΪǲˣҲŴ˹ҪǶϻӣȻβ㿴Ӷ©ˣô䣬Ķסĵض
ޱ飺Ī֮ǰ⹫Ųס𣿡
ǣ֮ǰҾ˵ӲסˣϿڽڼˣҪסҲûа취޹ȫƱ
ʹ϶ԲѣҲû취˶֤ɵô˵ô˵
ƾںԣҲ⣬ֻʣǾ˾ڴΰ⹫ţҺ͵ܵסĶ
ͻȻҵȥɨһ£޹ȫϼЦݣŬԼһЩȵȰ˾ȥ˰ţ
˵ţţͶ˸ԼĴҴҵ뿪ˡ
촽΢аʮȥ޹ȫˣʲôС
һʼ޹ȫ̬ôӣѹûϺƺͺϽܣɺƵò̬֮Ĺۣеڡ
ǰ̬ȵĲ֮˵ûè˭Ű
ǺǣҰϣ
ȻҲʶ޹ȫĲףһᴦ£ԼĿǰҪľȰ⹫ŵĲκá
аܿҩץˣаѴţͶϳȥȻװͳҩɰ©׵ȵһϵж¯ӿʼҩ
϶ˣ׶ὫЩţϲͺŶ
ⲻֻ֪ڻ֮ԴӣΪ˿ԽӴӿռö
óư裬ҪӲãͲ磡
Ȼеˡ
֮һбСĶԼٽӵڻͳ
ʱΪԼĻǵް
ҩҪʱ䣬Ѿ⹫ιȪˮʱûд󰭡
ܿ죬аʮǱߴϢܸԼ͵Ļ
󣬻ɢһɱɷеĺҲŨء
Ƽ״ʵôˣ
ҿڵ޹ȫղŵ̬Ϊʲô仯ô󣿡
ƼɱƲסˣ֪޹ȫ϶ʲô˼
ɺϺ׳׳Ϊ˱ŵӣȤΪʲôѵΪòɣ
˭֪ȴΪȻĵͷ
ƾˣɣҾ˾˰ϲϣҲѪԵϵ
޹ȫô̬Υİ
ǳ鴤ƣˣ޹ȫȥ׼͸ϵԱ⵱С檣
ƾˣѾ޸˰ղûһ𣿡
һƬ֮ɫ޲ھȥ޹ȫңˣղŻڸϧ¡˵Ѿ˴֮ǾͿ԰õļǮˣ
˵ûдܣҲûбܻϺ׳׳Ӵͷβ
ʱ˿̣Ѿŭˣôôô˵ҲѪԵϵİ
˵ѪŨˮôܶԼŮ£
˵ģ˵ʲô֮鶼ӣư˵ܵһ䣬ǷЦ˵£ĵ֪𣿡
üôǲ֪飬㻹Źǣ
ҡҡͷ̳ܽŮѾˣ
ѾǵǸŮˣ
ô£׿쵶նıҪԡ
ڹɽ޷Ǵ˵£ǺǣǷ˶Ŀӹ̰ˣ֪жٰĽأ޹ȫͷԼ͸ǸʲôԱ⵱С檾Ϳɿһߣ
Ȼˣǹ
뵽ƴӻͳҩݸңҸ⹫Űҩҵ˾ͽ
ҽӹҩһǣ
ģֻʧȥ޷ˣóĲǶҩԭܼ򵥣ֱɱ޹ȫͷ䣬⹫ܲˡ
˵ˣҪʰˣҲһҪɱˣ
ʱţɱʹˣ

895 ʯ

ҵֻҶ٣Ҳǿûʲô书
ҴааʮϺƸɢ׾ٵĽ¼ʮȫŵȻͬһ㶪ԺԺ
ط󣬱һ
ֻ˱㵹ùԭϾͱϱѹţҩԹȥֻҪҲҪʹĴһ
үͷ˻һ㣬ûбǶһ𣬶ǵ޹ȫͷߡ
УԲûҩӽϡ
Ƚ˻ʱǷҾͷõˡ
ǵʲôˣҪʲôſңƴš
ƾӸµۿĲ֪˭
һ÷һ飺Ǻƣ
˾˸˵˰ƹ𴽽ǡ
Щҵ޹ȫϣԼɷʱϽ˵仰ϧ޹ȫȴԴ·ιȥһ㡣
ҵȻΣֻ˵ıҩµĸء
˶ҩʧȥΨǱֱһɢ
Աֻʧȥģ޹ȫȴ̧Ƥ˵ûУ͸ιȥһ
俴޹ȫûӦŤͷԼĵǻ𣿡
﹫÷Ƿ⸮Ϊ侲ˣȻʹ̱ϣȻƲĶźƺҵˣǰȫݣΪҪôǣҷôˣûԲסǰɣʲôᣬ촰˵˺
᣿ţŮͺŮ׼͸Ա⵱С檵ĻȷʵûԲסңƵ˵ͷȻָӣˣŮͺŮ׼⹫ͲصŶȥԺЩ£֪𣿡
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897 ȥθ

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ָָ̧ԴȻбθܼҵԪֳȻҾͰθˣ

898 뻢ıƤ

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Ҳ֪ŮǳıӵˣȻθ£ó
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Ҫ֪ǵ֪ʯʼѼϢΪֹҲһʱ䣬ô뵽ԲߣιϷ涼һأ
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ΪҺ󻯣ЦЦʵ֮ǰˡʱа˹ذɽͷˣ֮һȥֻʱ򲻹ӣȻʯôҪ£
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ں̵£Ҳͣаµڣȱʯ˲š

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֪ƺԱ˹ϵЩ鶼ûУ͹ԹԽ˹Ǯˡ
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󣬺ַ˷еĴֵǮĹζûзŹȫûա
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꣬⻰Ҫ˵֪֪˸ƣ⻰Ķ˵ĶˣǧҪȥøŮŮ鷳֪
ϰڰ֣֪֪ˣ첻ʵ˵˰ɣ
ĵ˵ͷּϷԼѦϺ͸ϴǱ͵¡
Ѿ뿪ƽĺȻ֪ԼѾϵ죬μӿŲ鲼ұ
ǱĮĴʶǱҪ֤ġ
Ųʵ˾ͽ׻ı֤߹ؽʿǵĹŲ˾ͽ򱱴󽫾˴
νһһѣ
˾ͽʵ۾ͺܣе˻кõ
˲󼺣ԺƾúڹԼԸĵģ
ҵļƻڱ߹վȽŸһУ鱨ȻʮҪġ
ϱռ鱨Ҳࡣ
صع֮ͣĻصӪʼִв񣬶æµ¡
ʮĬæģһͬţ˵Լæ¡
ʵǹ÷ɿ죬գۼȥˡ
ƵѾȶ߳߹ؿʼطš
аȻ˲нİء֦Сī𷫵˵Ĺ͡
˲Ҷ֮⣬𱬵ıǾӡ
صȪˮԺƱа˵һ¹ھӵĹգȻܹˮȻҲӦû⡣
µĹǺڿռ鼮ѯģӵĹշʵţȴаµһˡ
˾ȵǣнҲ벻á
ΪֻǶ鱦оȴڲҲУܰǸսˮ
ľһܵ˹ٻ¡ȨԼͨյ׷
Ƕ̫ߣֻЩϰҲ޲һȥ
ǣ֮ǰʳԼֵûܹȫ򿪵гıˮˡ

900 㵱

Ҫǣⷽڵһˮʱ򣬱㳯ƶǡ
Ȼ澵ûʵ˾ͽԼʺﰲȻ֣˽¾̾Ȼ˱
Ϊֻ澵ӣȻǻʵۺͻʺһһ棬˾ͽ׺ܳ谮Ĺûзֵ
Щ۲㰵ȥ⾵ӵһͽ
Ƶ⻹ûǣǵ˱Ѿ֪߹һӵŮˣ
ܵľմƵĹ⣬ҵľְܿ˲νԭͯνλá
֮죬զࡣ
Ȼ˵ļʣڱ˵лԷﶼ˺ƶС
һһףһЦԣľַش֮ɳʸ֮İ
ҲΪȻ϶СҾͼߣǿǸŭ԰ɣ
һЦ˼ҶԵ·ˣĪպз飬㲻㰲ҪѹƲɣ
Һһڿѵֲӣ˶ϲ
ιιι仰ҵԭɣ͵ѧһһаָ
ץסǸԼҵָЦָ͵ҧһ£˶ˣѧ˵ѧ˭
ʵ٣麬ЦĺȻ
˲٣ϼ컬࣡ѧģСı壡
ʲô˼һ£뵽һ嶼ݷģʶĵͷ˿ԼģΪÿ䣬ģ
֪˼ȴҲûоҪ˵仹õģҲŹΪڹһⲻᣬ͵С
Ƿǰλ棬ֻȥģض´࣬ٷ˿Ϊгտ
Ц˼ְ֮ϰ߸˵շ¡
ƽնȻҳΪʸ֮ĵҲżȻΪһȥҸ˾ٰͻˡ
ǰȻΪ̼֣Ǯգǰ;˾ܿ˳ۣȴҲ˻ĸȥ
ǽգһſʼһСڱ˵Ļ䳰ȷ
ɼѾвٽᵱϲνҽݲ˼Ҿ졣
ȻƹȥҲ࣬Ҳ߸
ֻ߸Ѿ˵⡣
ϾƿûпĽҾܵļҵٽļҾ컹ڰͽͯˣΪԼνϾͲʹأ
ɣɿЦãĪϲЩĵİķУ
ǵҲǡ룬¶ı飬һϲǿҲ˳ۻɲҵӣ
ϲν֮Ҹæµʱ򻹻ȥѲ顣
ѲʱҲعطԲתһȦûбĮĳ򡣿ȥѲ飬СɱĮӲ׷ȥһٶȻȫˣ
ö֮Į˶֪عһΪײеĽ죬·ҲᱻԷϣᶪ
Ǻ߹صؿعسΪȫĵط
ֻΪĮ·ңȫƵУȥɧǳˡ
һ㣬ҷе㲻ˡ
˽̲סƱԹͷ̵Ҳ̫ˣȺڶˣᵽΣվܵӰӶ
ƾʮֺЦûбԹѱĮ˴ˣ̲
ôԹĶԼˡЩԵˣֻ»алأЦЦе䡣
һЩԵˣӪȻҲ⡣
Щ˲ξΪ˱Щ˲ξΪܾٷƣҲЩֻΪܳϷٻһá
ǰҺܻӭ׷Ŀ꣬ԸΪǳҾʮַˡ
ΪЩ˺޲̫ƽ̿ɴÿ¾͵ŷõһ졣
Ҳ룬û̿ɴˣǻбҪھӪ
ҴʱһͣδοȻҲĮ˱Ƽ಩ÿʱЩԵ˾ͻԹʤУ˱Į˵ԣӴ
ҺعصʮҵģЩͬļ֧ҡ
ÿ飬Ϊôҵνʱ㷴ʶԷʹɱνܴǲعأƵȥǲܣǾͱ죡
һʵ˵ԭµĽҲ߾֮Դ˻һЩԵĽƿԡ
عûбĮˣұĥѲӷΧ
ƣѲҪߵԶһЩӲԼټǴƶսƸȤҲ̹ͬȻ֪
ԣüҪ߶Զ
ӣ˵Ƕȥ˱أҴȥǱ߿
̹˰ɣѡ
˽ڣû£׷Ҿ˵׷űĮӱСԶˡ
СԶԶҲȥ֮ıذɣ
˵⻰Լ𣿺Ķҡ
¶һڽݣƣҵץܾ˵л㵱ˣ
룡һﾹȻ
ְˣ
ʮûк̨ĽǱˣһΪ˵ΰɣ
ȴ֪ҴӲտƾĴţȻ˵⻰ǾͿ϶лᡣ
һ£ʵ򽫾
ţĴ˾ͽ׹ƻѹ˴ﳷˣҷȥỊ̇һξ˵⡣˾ͽҲɵӣİѱ߹ؽ˴ҷϵģ
ر߹ؿɲǶϷ
ҪһʵĹĽУ
ҾãпܱΪ򱱴󽫾

901 նԹ

һƶģ̲סʵô֪˾ͽ׻򽫾һȪˮص⽫أαصؽأ
ƣ̧˰ЦعĿǰľ࣬Ҳȹ̵ģҪǣعأ򽫾عز𣿡
֮䣬
ƱЦˣȤУҾ͵
ţӦһ뵽ʲôҲڵʱСЩǳţааʮаʮŶš
ƺɣôˣʲôΣ𣿡
룬ڱ߳Ǳ߷ǰϳҵټҹعص±й¶ȥˣҵЩ˹֮㲻
ۣЩˣ㵽׽˶ٳң
˼ҵĳҶһô˼ĳҶǳȺģ
Ҿƺһ£ˣǰʢڽߵʱΪݴ˾Ϳ޼ɵʵ֤Ҵǰ̫ᣡס̫⣡˼һϳǻϳģ
ˣЦֱӶˡ
ǰӵʱÿҲرΪɶ˴ɴŪס˾ϲˣԭΪǵӾûݳֶεĸ֮ڿԼɻǶԵģ
ݣһ˵Ϊֹ᲻С¶ߡ
ҿԺŪĵһΣɴˣܻᱻ˹۲ʲô
ЦòУҶˡԼǻΪ˶ãΪɾںˣûɣӦˣ
ܾûпôˣұЦΪЦöۣĶš
ЦˣжЩҲʡ͵ĵƣǧ⣡Ҫ֪аܶ࣬ԲͻŵʱҲδػȫǸоԣֱӽռ䣬֪𣿡
֪ƹɵͷкĲˣôǽĳ𰡣ǺΪʲôʱնݳأ
ӣ¶֮ɫ£ʵǵĹҲʢǡԣǲϸĻˣҲûбҪնݳ
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֮һֱŶԷΪеȷʵĴܲΪԼˣڰɣ
Ȼ̫ЩȽڣ˳аǷǲ֣һƶûа
ȻЩʷǲ˵ġ
ϾĹ
ԼЩҴµĸ˵һ£ǶԷòԼ书ߵ͡óıȵȣԽ˵ԽģҪȻѦϽйɣ
ãѦʦڸʦϾҪԣÿҩôҶסԺӶ˱أֱסҵĸ첲ͷ˵㲻õңпռ䱣ʲôΣյģ㣬ô֪µģĪǳڼ飿һȥʱǰô죿
ôֵĵԼͷˣôģһǾʵ飬˼롣
㻹ǵڴƽ򶾷аʮһаʮҵһΣаʮҲǺƭˡʵ
Ʋͷ룬Ȼ˵ͷ
Ȼǵã
ǴεҲҵһתۣҲûˣôǣ
ǵаʮһʱ򣬶ݺݵва˵ӲˣҪǵĪǾָҵĳң
̾˿꣬һ𴳵ľааʮһ
ԼĴ־ûпǵЩĸܣû뵽аʮһԼҵȻѱ䡣
˵аʮһдӵֺγûأ
䣬ֱסˣ鶼ȥˣЩңʲô˵£ôԩ˽ⲻ˽ᡣˣҲ˺Ǳǣ
ɵѾͷµ˺㣡ĸҶ֣Ҳ飬㲻ɱҲȻնݳģ˵ҵĺɷ
սأг𱨳ǣϡ
Щ˶֣˹أֺαٹôأ
գҴ뿪عأǰѲ顣
Ʊţ˼˼˷ع˿ɵףҪСģҪ׸Σա
ï˸һͬˣھʣţ˼˼ţɳţţұСҲðʧСĿЩǰɱ֮
ǰջƽ£˵գţ˼˼ͻȻҴҵҺƣ˵μɵĽعء
ƶʱһ𣺡˶Σϸ˵˵ǵ
ţ˼˼룬һŮͷӣһ򸾡ͷоͶүү࣬һӦñүү书ҲܸǿҾáǸ֮⣬Ӧöҵ书ߡҵ綼ֻԶԶţӦòᱻǷֵģ
Ϊˣ֮ûðȻ̽ԶԶԷš
ֱ壺Уǻ
˵ţһаԸԷţ˼˼һˡ
ǲţ˼˼һΣţ˼˼ԼҲ޷
뿪󣬺ⲽܾЩ
룬аߣСߣȥһ˾¥
ĸҪʮʮһ𣿡аʵ
ǰǣĸҪ
Ƹܾɻȴ⣺ãȥɣ
ܿ죬аʮаʮűҴҸźһͬ뿪
аʮаʮѾ֪нعص£ȴ׺Ϊʱȥ¥
½ȥͺˣΪ֪ΣջԼܳأ

902 ˽¥

Ȼֲ֪ءˡ
ӲΣǽ֮µĵҲǶġ
֮¥ԭܼ򵥣Ǹ书ߵߣûжϴĻӦǽκӡ
˵κǳѲģΪͷβײϣΪԼ˴ܵʱƷ˶ԷķͱԷĵ׷ڡ
˵Ʒ˷һ˲ͺ
²ɣ˵ĳʦǸҴ򶷵Ľˡ
ңǸʦûͽܺʹˣȻҲ˴Уʹ˾
κ˵ǧĸϹƷλʦƲ˵ģһݣ˿ζ
˵⳥ӣϡ
˵ʦһˣȻ⡣
Ҵִ򲻹ҲܱԷһֱţֻΪϲߡ
뵽κʱΪͷ۵ӣƾԼ԰ҽ⡣
ⲻԼó
벻ھ¥
ϸ˵عص벻ھ¥ӦǷֵꡣ
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ϸĹȻЩ˽п಻ûа취˭벻ھ¥ĹǮأ
ͬ¥ÿݼ٣Ǯ¥һ׻к
ź֮£ЩҪȻȻҲҽܲϸִˡ
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κӵ߽¥ЦݵĻưŵżʱλ˾͸о¥֮ǰȥľ¥ԵĲ֮ͬ
κȿڵҾ¥е˼
ߵߺЦͷֻװΣ˻ݲݣ¥ĶҲǸˣ
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ŮЦκϴʳ¥Ȼ˴꣬տмأ
Կ֮κΪף˶Ϊ𣬲乧ִֺ֮⡣
κӽӹ˵˷ÿ˲д˼۸ϣһԻ˾ͼ
ͼŲƷӣȾ޵ɫһ͹˵ʳԱ߻Բֶնյ壬дš㰡ˮ֮Ƥ
Ĳ˵ȷҲͷһο
ֻκӶĲ˵ȴûر𿴺á
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Ųףκ˼ʮֿյĲˡ
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ʲô˼Ե𣿡κüëһ¶á
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Ц˵͹٣ʵĲƷһֱܺѡõʳҲ¥һвٿ͹ٳڱ¥ԷоԱǰˣһЩëõ˸ơ͹٣һּǮһֻǾ¥Ĳ˼ۣͯʮֹ
긾Բţüëһ˵ʲôȴκֹˡ
ղŽʱ򣬾¥⻹ŶӣǰŵһЦ棬ԲƷ޿ڲ
ҵ⣬ôôŶأ
ǸղΪЩͨһŶӣԲѡż䡣
Ҫ֪żѵģ
ѶҪӣ˵ҵ۸ʲô壿
κָڲ˵һҳ˵㣬СһҸղŵĲ˶ӡ
ƶܹѵ򵥵ǲġ
ܿ죬Ʊ͹٣һһʮӣ
˻ô࣡긾˳һܿʶκǰģʱѹ
С˶ϰ֮ˣ
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ܰӳһٷȷʵܹ󣬵ҲûҪôСһСģɣ̫ˣ
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ѵЩѾõﻹҪѧЩĲС԰Ͳɣ
һʮ˰κӳһ£˵ǰָˣնӣҾͿԵ²Ʒ˶Բԣ
Ƶͷû͹٣ӻһҩƷμӳ齱
齱ſǸת𣿡κߵµʵ
ղŽŵʱǿˣǸתд˺ཱܶƷ߻ⵥ
ǿԳ鵽ⵥǿʡˣ
ЦŴǣǰʱ䱾ûһˣλ͹ã϶ԳбĴأ
ǾͳСֵļˣЦеĵ˵ͷ˼ƽϡ
ʱκӴյ˶ӣ㿪ʼѡ˵һҳ²Ʒ
һʮˣ˲֮⻹жԲƷļ򵥽ܡ
ڿ˵ʱκӵ۾ʶһ¡
С²Ʒ͵ɣָڲ˵ϵ˵㣬˵
Ƽ֮Цĳкλ͹Եȣһұ㽫͹ˣҲܲλһ
˵꣬Ʊ뿪ˡ
ʱκֱߵȴκӣЩɻʵκ֣ˣʲô֮𣿡
˲˽κӣȴ֪ղκӵģȴ͸¶һŭ

903 ȥ

κûжԣ΢΢ҡͷǳˣȲ˵
ʮ²ƷУ˼Ϥ֡
ڲƷõʳĶ࣡
ɺ
ΣҲΪܰ⼸ĸǸɱĳһã
ѾƷȣʱ˿Ȼúõһ
ţ豭һڣȴͻȻ齩ס
裿ɲĿʵ
˴ʱûȲ裬ˢˢ
𣿡һ˵Ŷ豭һ£óһԶ
벢δɫ
κ˵ûжζ
͵ĲʲôõģζҲΪ棡긾˵
κ΢΢üǺȺȿ
״˱֪ƺκϵ˼
Ī費ζã֮
æ豭˴֮Ʒ
ζֱܲߵȾȵ̾ʲô裿ΪҴδȹ
긾˴ղǸС˵ʲô衣ȷʵˬɿڣȥ·ܽһ㡣
˸͵ĵͷеĲʮֺ档
û뵽ҵãĺòͣߵ߸п
κһϣĪû˵ϵĲƷ۸ôĲˣҶģ
ϹһЦǵ˵ʱ򲢲֪˺ð
Դʱľϲеǰ׼һ㡣
һߺȲ裬һ̸¡
˵˵аܵ¿ǽһᵱ͢ӥȮҾаӣµģ
Ӧû˵صĿɲֹǣ˵ϹҲˡκἰϹʱ۵һ˿Ե
΢΢üԼ
ȻǴȺˣκߡ
ǽˣͬΪҵĳңҲǷΪͬļСġ
κˣȻаг𣬵ʲôһĳޡ
ԼΪ˴׼һ㲢ͨ֡
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һΣҲ֪˭֪ӣȻҲϹˡ
긾ԣЦκǰֻѰǵĳ𣬲ǽǣ
Ƿ࣬ǵС˼ĪŮڴа⣿κƳһۡ
긾˶ʱ¶֮ɫ
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Ҫ˵ˣʲôãе̫ϱˡ
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ߣĪǻаȥҿ˵аѾȢˣҪǿ˼Ӳɣκߡ
ЩεҡͷǵȻôҼҲʶ˵аӣԸƽޡ
⻰˵ĺ񹭲ʶ˶ίƵģ˼аӾͲίκӿ˹Ʒһۣа̾˿û˵
ֻʱ飬ҲûбҪȥ˼ҡ
һţʼϲˡ
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ǡ
κɫȻ䣬ڵվȥ
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һٶͷԡ
ûбֱܻӿѯʣȴֻõκģɵĻش
ȳԣԺ֪ˣ仰κӸŵ뿪ˡ

˶æµȴæңȻ
κӺȻҾ¥ĺһĴÿʦԼ̨ͰҴõʳҲֱڷţڰȡ
İȻ˺˵Чʡ
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ǸʦȻæˣδͣеĶֻŤͷκȻѯʵ͹٣ʲô𣿡
СЩģκ´ŶԷ
ʦżĲƷȷʵҸġʿ͹ٶԲƷʲôĵط
ĵط

Ϊ̫Բ̲סҹģ
Լôش
κӳһ£ƿĿʦ̨ϰڷŵʳģʵЩʳĲˣ
ʦõĲװ̣Կһ۵ͷȻˣЩʳĶͳһ׼õģܲԴʳİɣ͹ģ¥ʳĶǺʵģԲ⣡
ôû⣿
û⣬Ϊһ˿仯
κţȴû˵

904 ǳӰ

һܣĿ䵽̸ճĲϣκͻȻһץϵĿӱǰȥ
㲻ܳ԰͹٣ǱżĲˣ㲻ܳԣƵš
ǴҲҪ̲˶˿ȴκһץС
һڣκӵ۾ˡ
ûζ
Լ˶
ʲô
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˵ʶ˸Լɱ˴ŭӶԷսš

908 ɱ

Ϊһμİˣ˾Ҫˣֳ̫ˡ
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ΪаһֱԼе⣿ǿԼҲ⣬ҪⶼȻԼܹҵĲƲ
ⲻ֪ҲԼĽ
Լ׬˭ϡаӹЩۻ
ͷаĸԸģǷĲУϣָָأ
ҿɵ𣡡ƾ죬̫⡣
Ҿ׸Ц⣺ƣ㲻˵˳׺ҪѲƲŮ˴ΪεҪҷֵôţ
ѽһưڰ֡
˵ûʲôһԸ⽻㣬պ⡢ҲͬԸ⽻㣡
ԺٹٻҼǵģһˡһ̫ˣ
ߣ˭˵Ĳǣţ
ƣܺã׼·һȥͷ
ˣǻʲôĶԺ£˵˵ǰİɣ
Ʋ⣬֮ǰѲ¡
ЩأѲ˳ȥǱһɱĮ߹ؿɧŵıĮԼ١һɱĮͥʲô
аǱûдϢ𣿡ʵ
ҡҡͷĮͥ߹̫ԶҪϢ·ܲס
еʱ򼴱Ǳߵһʱ䴫ݳϢյʱҲѾûжʱ׼ˡ
룺ҪҪһЩӥţɵñȸӿˣ
ӥԭϡ٣ҿЦ
°ͳüⲻ𣿡

909 ȫعع

˶жǿˡ
ܿұŪӥ̣Ʊ㽫̷ռֳ
ȪͿռʳιЩӥ̺ܿ쳤ֺ˵һ̡
ڿռÿպȪˮЩӥԣرѵ
ʱ䣬Ʊ㽻ӥ
ӥһͶʹãϢٶͻǣջЧ
Ȼع򣬵ȴ൱۹·˷صϢܼʱ֪
ٽصʱ򣬸פصĽһηּ뾩ְ
˵ְֻһαɣ˾佫ְڱûġ
ЦŸƷ˾׻ˣұҪˡ
ƺܲεԣɺʵֻٻ佫ְѣôұҵģ
ҺĵĽ͵ĮƵƵ춯ϱҲ̫ƽر߹صĽڵĻɢ׳¡˾ǴӦ÷ĸڱ߹أǽ˼ٻؾǡ
٩٩̸ƵһգգĶ
Լİ˰й֣ȫָ֣㽭ɽ
Ȼտ֪һ²ǸϷĻ
ֵء
ΪҪعأԺҲȥ
ЩСԲŻȥʵʹûȤعתһת
ܿ죬ţ˵ǲսټعء
Ǻдġ
ССͣѾзǡ
񣬺Ѿͯˡ
˵ǴƽСͯұ˵ˡ
ӵ죬ƾ̲סȤϣѽСͯأһǸСҪҪ񰡣
֣㣬ͱȡЦˣ
ĶȡЦұСͯƿЦ˵
ϸӲ˼ˣ㣬ҲСͯĽͿͯҶأ
һӿ϶ɶ飬ĶǴ壬СŶ˶ãƷ
һƽ誾̲סԣƽ課Ǵˣ
ƾʧԣæ⣺ûûУڶ̶ͽһͯɱȴˣ
˱ùЦޱǢ
ؽعΧǽ̸ߴ󣬳й滮ʮֱֵֽϱͶ򽻴۶һ·
ֵԵĵ̽ŵƽʣʮϲ졣
û뵽عؾȻôãһΪϿĿϾӣѿڶ
ЦеĴĻڵĳǳضԽ뽨ԽɣҲġǹŽҲйŽķʷƾã͸Ļĵ̡µĺãоɵĺãϲĸͿҸϲˡ
ԶƽԣҲʾͬŵ㣬ȡ
ߺϵĸ첲˵Ȼعؽĵڶڣǳвٰյ˶֮ǰսɥˣв˼һТ˵ýһЩĪҪġ
ϻȻ򣺡ޣ֪ˡ
߹غܴЩһڱ߹أȴʼղ̤ԼһĶֵأһȥԶĵطǾӡ
ͬҲǺԼ˵һγԶţԿﶼʡ
һκŵ˳ǽָųǽ˵ǿǾǹˣ
ЩţбĮ˰ɣ
ưȻһЦǰУڶǴˣԣ۾ܿĵطĿǰǴұ
һ仰нָķǽ
ƾҽ滮ĵطպ󶼽ǴұĽäĿģ
عأ֮⣬ҵߵġ
ϾľߣȭͷӲıĮƨ˼ҲܷعصİҵĹ͡
ҵڣϳǽʱܵ˼߹ĴǶеϻ̳Ͽ֡
Ե˳ǽĻߣʶ˳ǽĸߴΰķݡɾĽֵԼֵļУҶعһӡ
Ǿعغ𣿡ЦеĲɷá
ͷãĺܺã
ƱþͶסɣպҪˣСס㣬СϣҲһ
ãӦ
ǣϱʮߵģȴӲ¶̧ͷ׼̷硣
ߵǰһ죬ϲźƱҹ̸˵úƹǷ졣
˯ɣ˵һˣ˯ʵ˵
̾Ѿͷûûεģ㣬ҳô꣬ӵûж
һСأѡ
ϵۣۿŶʮ˻Сǰ˵ΪӻûɣڸͬģӶˣ㻹
ִ˸Ƿ۾ˣҲ˵㰡
ɶϼˣְѵҲӣƣ˵ǶͬһΣ
ʱ۾ѾˣûϵĻ
ϱȱ˯粻˯˽ʱôȸ˵˵զ¡
֡˯ɣţƤûƿ
ۿźƳ˯ȥ硣
˼ҲҪӣ
͸˰
˼ҵĶͲ󣬾´иһ
զˣ
У֮ǰԼñҺú˵˵
µϼҹδߣշȲȥҺ
ʱûأӲˡ
۾һһңզģȦզأҹʱˣ
ʲôһû˯û˵ţͺƵĶԻѧһ飬Ȼߴٺȥʸ

910 ȷϲ

ںҺͺƿûȨûǮԲûá
Ժ˺üݸ֮󣬱ȻȻȥ˽ˡ
ûвҪӰ
Ƹô˵ģܰɣ
ǣû˼ҴҲԲñŮ˽ҵţ

Ŀɿڴһ±ƵŬĸͣòײöԷԼ
۵ÿڸҪȥҺʸʱȴֶԷ˯С
룬վǲĽ䳳ѣֻĬĬڴ߿˱
ۿͷˣԺ
βиӰһٶһɿôһ
Ҿ˵Ҳ£ô£ʵ
һ޹û˵
ң
Լ׽˰죬Դͷûˣ
˵û˵ĸ˵˵ģԼмô죿˭˫ʣ
࣬ԼԵ˼аʲôζ
ʰϣȥһѾװˡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣզࡣ
ϵһۣΪѾͷƵ˯ڰ
ƺٺЦҲ֪ô£Ƿ
⻰ûһֱźӵȴһźƵֵʵƣò˰ɣ
㿪ʲôЦôܣĿɿڴڴԼϽҪӣԼͻС˹ھҲûôɣ
ȴ˵㲻ǿҽҴѰ
ƿЦãԼѧҽˣ֪ܲ𣿡
ϲţ˵˵ϴСʲôʱģ
ϴΰǡһ㶡
ףǺܾû˰
Լ֮ǰһֱæϵ£ǹ֡棬ûעСӵ¡
뵽æûֶһϴ׵ĵȴϽ
ߣϻҪߴϽдֻð𼱣ҸԼѸ
˵ţװģĽִԼϡ
ȻѧԼҽû̫ġ
ҪǣûԼϲ
п֮ǰ̫ˣԴҰɣš
ʱԺͻȻտռˣˣϲСˣ
˵ʲôƳԾĺ
ϱһɵȥĶͷ⺢ôˣôһһէģĪԴѣ
û¡Ҿǡһ˵һȲȥϱ档
У˫̥̥ԼΪ6W+
Ļˣ˫̥
𾪣ϲʶԼС
ϵǵʵƣǲĶ
ƻع¶һЦǣҡˣ
һ£ץס֣ģ㡢׼׼ҸĴ㿴ɣ
ȻðǾʹҽɣ
ǿЦ϶ʱãͽȥǸ£ˣջۣ̥񻹲ȣ׵˵ģ
㻹Ÿɶúȥ򰡣ٺúƣʹһߵɷ
ﶼе㷴Ӧôö˶˵˵˵ƾͻأ
Ҳûҵ飬żæŵܣһͷײŵ߽ϡ
Ҫȥ߽һͷˮʵ
ＱҴҵ˵ȥˣ
ʲôˣ߽û˼
ʱѾܵ⣬Իͷкˣ
৵һ¡
լӶˡ
źǰһҲ֪ðվԼǰ
˵ʲôˣúܴûȥץļ硣
ĵͷǰҪȥ򣡡
ȥȫõĴԸ
аӦһʧԺǽ֮ϡ
ϣȦȦΧȫˡ
˵ǡҪҪôţЩЦãȻ˳֣ң֣϶Ǻ
ץסֵſȻԼ½ϲ˲ƣûﲻ
ûСҺܺãǳãǿ
ҴղŽŵʱͲ̫ԼѾȷϻ˫̥֮һ˸˻һ겻ˡ
Լĵ㣬С϶ġ
ҪﰡԼֲǲģһ¾ͻ飡
ǰ컹ܵˮأһԼ˾;Լ豭˲ˡ
ӭ˵񣬺ƺ˵ǱòãֲǴޣµģ֮ǰ׳ţأ
˵ţ̧첲ҪһĶչʾԼ
첲һ̧𣬾ͱϸȥˣҶСţ
ۡƲˣѲǴ֮ǰڴϲ𣿡
ôУ֮ǰҲҪߣ
ƣ
аɣ֮˹ԹԱ־ֹ֮⣬ʲô˵ʲôԣ
ʵϣΪֹԼе㱡
ôͻȻأ
оԼûȫ׼ԼǸأôͻȻҪӵأ
еֲȴһֱͷ
Сأ
ͷԼСЩӡ
ܿ죬ҽݴаˡ
ûǿڼǸ
ʱ򼸺챻ˣͷĿѣ˺һŶƺ
ȷʵϲֻ·ǳԣһԺ˽ۡ
Ҫڱ˼ңֱ˵ϲǱ֡
˼ԼķʽΧЩ˶ԼνλҽݵϴĲҶȦӣҧֱ˵Լжϡ
ѾںõȷеĿռоϱ棬ҽݴĻǼ֣˶ԷʮǮ
ҽݴʱϲЦտԼٱ˿ڼͷһҲֵˡ

911 Ҫȥ

ӣϹϵĸıг̣ҪչŮ
żأȴƼ仰˹ǡ
ȴ󲮰æʲôĵİ˵ҹͷ֮Ҫȥˣһ¶ѣ㶼Ȳ𣿡
һҲǣ㰲ˡ
Ϊһƽ誺´Ҳһͬˣﶼ顣źƣһ£һͬعء
ںҲ£ǴƽǱߵľ¥Ҫﶼڣ߽һͬСԲȥˡ
ڣ͵ںƵʳסСӳԷȫȨˡ
ĽǺƾԼͬˣÿڴһˣַſڣ͸̱Ƶġ
ȥޣҪС䲽
Ҫˣ
һҪĻҡ
ԼҾһĸһϲͬҿ಻ԡ
Լþô񼱲͵ˣ
ѵԼƾͲе£
ޱ˽һ£
˸ᣬҸƴ¿ˮѺЦĻ֦Ҳ
ΪԼһѾˣһȣͻȻöˡƱЦ˵
Һһһ˭ܺù˭
ҲŶôѽǻҪϴأӻеѰ
ҳ⣺ҪϷˣûչˣҲûƵĶԼǲԷˡ
ưһۣһ帾ŮϷûȤŪŮ֮Ļԡˣ
գƷԸСԼֽʼС·Ŀʽ
һʼϻţɺ鲻ԽıƻЩС·ˡ
ԭǴؼԺʼ·ģļֿʽͯ¿ʽǰеˡ
Ǻÿλ껹˵һ·ںδ㿴·ϵ۵ģʮַҶ껹¶ҪǱնӡ
û뵽㻹֣·ǲǲ֪ܲһ˵һ̲סʼųٲμñȽϺʡ
ţϾ̲סˣȥƥ޲Կ
æȥıӰƴ΢΢Үɹ
ϳŮ޷԰Σһδ¾͹ȥˣ֮ǰƳʮС·
Ȼδƣٻ»ǵ˸Իٶ㣡
Ѿ֪Ůﻳ˫̥СӴõģҲҪ׼˫ݲС
ЦĴӦﲻҪڸ·ۿ塣
Ҫ֪ҲǺ۵ģϢ͵³͸͸
ĿͺϡϵнԶ˿Щġ
ϾЩ˸С
Ϊ˸ƽЩ˸Уƾһٴ͡
ûֶĲˣƫƫ˵ջŲζԶԶġ
Ķô鰡
е˻ȷʵµ߻صģ಻ԣȫûаЩ˯֮⣬ԺúȺõģһ㶼Ӱ졣
ңҲûԻ
߳ȥǲ֪ˣ϶ῴеġ
һͷƽССԼ֣Լ׼͡
С̲ס죺ˣ˻Ϊף˵ĵأ
ƣԼû˼𣿾̫İĳ̫Ҫʳ˰
ɫ˵ʲôΪǽ뿪̫ģԲҪʳǵģ
ҪǻвܺȾƣСأ
һһͺͲЦ绨Ľޣ
Ȼǰӵȣֻò壬ǶһСʤ»ĸо
ǵģ
Ͽ̫ˣҾԼƶĻᶼûС
ˣ
Ҿû泩θڴ󿪣׷һ롣
Ʊбʵҵܸˣ
Ҷһ٣ǿ˵ô᣿ĸڵʱչ˵ôãҵȻϣǶסһӡ
̲סһЦˣװˣ˭֪˭ұ￴Ҳܣҿڶˣʲô͸ʲô
ľæˣѦϺ͸ǹվͻˡ
ѦʦʦȪˮض𣿺ö˶˵ôüòİɣ
ıۣǶϵ֪˸ˣԲϻ
ߣҪˣôǰŵߣλʦأ
ѹ˵ǣĹĵľ졣
شи
Լûȷʵ֪ԴУƲ˯ƢԽˡ
񶼲ԼСޣһ仰˵˾ͻ
Ҿ˵Ϣƿһ£ȿȣƣǵȥ˵굱˵𣿡
ƹȻ£ţ˴ˣ
˵ȥϱˡЦ⽫ʽΪ򱱽ǰͳ򡣡
ףʯְʲôϵƺʵ
ΪȪˮصνңüǲǺܾϲҪȥˣ
ϲͷԼعòҵҪߣʮֲˬԼ߰ɣ
סȪˮصլ㲻ǻһΪͿǵгһջȥ
Ӷ࣬ϲռвУƷ˸ۡ
޹ӣҲܹġʥּһʱỹ²ϲǾع̥ɣ
δ䣬ͷֺƺˡ
Լ˵ʲô
һ±ơ

912 Ҫ

ȻѾţǲ߿϶ǲɵġ
ҲֻһʱֱŤѣĴֹۻеġ
ңֲȥʲôİĳǳأǻȪˮء
ǲ͸صڶһ
ʵϲûйʥִּ߹ʽ䲼֮󣬺ƾ˴׼õǰȪˮˡ
ⶼ죬ҪĵĲࡣ
Դӿ֮군Ժ󣬾¥̵ѾԴˡ
÷ǱߵʯѾ뿪ɽ׶Σһԭʯ˹֮־ֱȫִĥơ
ֻҪ̥ʱʱƳ²ˣоһʳıá
Ȫˮصլ˴ɨˣֻȺƵ˵˱ֱס
ػϤ͸һУĿ¶֮ɫ
ξԼ͵͵լӣ˾¥һϲ
˵ҾְĵĿʼҲкܶ๲ͬĵط
һһͨСȴѾΪⷽǳصĽˡ
ʯƷɽʱνϲν˵鶼Ӽˡ
ǰôãȻûһʮͷÿ졣ҵľʵʵ˶ɱģҲû취ȥɡ
ʵ۶ɣҪ뽫ȨץУὫҲԸЩѾվӵĽᡣ
Ŀӣ
ְĽǾһˣ
߹ضĮǴϣЭУЩǵ̤ҴұһֻнǴˣ򵽹ﶼӰˣǲ֪¡
վڸ̨֮Ͽ´ʡ
ͳÿһÿһ䶼ڳ͸һѪԵĺݾ̨µĽԼʿѪڡ
ȻǱս
һαĮұһ£ЩʿǾʮ衣
ǵ־վҲ
ǣ͢ȴûиĻֱˣ
⽫ʯƷȻ˺ܺãȴȱһЩѪԺ͡
˵ⷬ˵˽ʿǵĿ
ɱ
ɱ
ɱ
ʿźɱ졣
аն˾ӪﴫĺЩĻš
զˣѵҪˣ
ɣ𣿡
ЩĮ˾ǣٶĺôûãǰʱ䲻ǻбĮɧ𣿡

۷׷ס
ͬһʱ䣬СԺɢ
Ʋ΢΢һЦҵְݽܳɹأ
عǱѾûбĮʿɧˣȪˮػаƽҾͿʼΧЩĮˡ
뵽ЩԹĵͷԼĶӣǣǵĵǸæأֻԼһ˳Է
ˣǻйӡӺСһ𣿡С̲ס졣
ʲôڷǶ
үڵʱ򣬷˶һŵġ
ƲˣС䣬ҷܶడǲ̫ˣ
С䣺ԼҪźˣ
ȴô࣬ԵĻӻ֣ȥð۽
ʵϣռУƫƫʹһС䡣
û취ĸ꣬ܵ취ɢһעֻίС
˿ûþͽģƾûûˬأͿ
ĶӸһˣһִԼһָܰĶӴÿβʱСġ
ƣҪȻѦϸɣҿź·ľս
ЦҡҡͷʦŸͲҪͷ˼ˡ
ҿһ¾ͳһͷ۵˵ûڿռŰɣ̫ˣ
΢΢ҡͷʱ䳤˻ɡ
ҪҸڴȥȻڿռҳ⡣
ȻʧЦʦÿնҪ뿪˵ӣ˵ȥĶ˭ܷҳţ
Ҷ紧һڴĶӳĬˡ
ˣȵʱȻռģõġư
Ȼ磺Ԥڻһأ̫ˣ
ѽδػȵԤڲѽһ㻳˫̥ǰңҶеۡƶͷͻȻðץҵ֣ѵ³֣ҿҪˡ
ҴʧɫڣǾԤڻһôǰ
ԺͻȻѦҽԼռһЩŮʱĻ
ŮӵĹŹأһþһʬ˫̥һʬ
һ뵽ƿܻᷢΣգɫҰףҲƲס΢΢
Ʋҵ쳣ͷһˣôˣӻӣҪҰӰɣ
û¡ҧҧƴᱧһߴ󲽳һߺȥѦϺ͸ԣвţҪˣ
ΪżԾǡҪˡ仰׵Ժص
һʱ֮䣬Ժҡ
ѦҽֱṦϹģϴһ·СܣԷʱˡ
аõſ˹Сȥųﰾˮտˮ
ʱΨһΪѵ˴žаˡ
а߷˺Ƶ뿪Էȴߡ
аҲܶӶְҪǣҲ򲻹ӣ
ſڽֱ֣Ѧҽ
ſʲôÿѦҽһѽƵһߣȻԼȥˡ
аߺεĿһۣҲѦҽȥˡ
һϴĸϵаš
ԷＷˣƾؿڷƣѾǶʲôźСھͺˣ
ôˣ׼ι
ƫƫѦϺ͸϶ʦֲ˵ʲôֻõһۣɵվŸʲôλʦȥЪţ
ŷӦԼϱӣһ˲񻰣æѦϺ͸ߡ

913 ԼڿԼ

һ֮󣬲徲ˡ
ر侲ŷԼڵַԸа߸ŴͺǼ
⣬ҿҪˣſⲽ
ƣ㻹𣿡
ôûˣѦϣ᲻£
ûУƣ۾ͽгǧţ
ôˣʲôˣƣҽȥ㣡

Ѧҽ޿̵һҩȥȻεҶаֵ룡Ӱͽӣ
˵ţаһ̧ۣһȥſڰ£
аǲԼ˵һ³Լһ
ҲǣѦϺ͸϶ܵ𣿻һֱһһէ߶
ҪԼΪ·ϣֻͺ޲һֵӴιȥˡ
ڣƵŲŵĿ˺ѵľʹ̲סʹ
аһԿȦˣˣҧԼͷˣҪҧҵĸ첲ɣ
Լĸ첲ݵƵߡ
΢΢ҡҡͷС˵û£ܼ֣
СĶӣ̥λ˲¡
һ˺ѷεĽкѦϺ͸ϵĶᵽɤ۶޲ðŷ쿴浽ɶ
Ҳ̫ĥˣѦ̲סԹö˶˵Ϊʲô벻ҪӣһҲŵ¡
ϴбһۣ꣬һ⻰תġ
㣡Ѧӵۡ
ۿͷҪˣͻȻһ
Ѧ϶ʱһ٣ۣǡǺӿ𣿡
վߵſڣҪӣȴֲȥץӸεܡ
ʱһӤ
ڸ˻㱨ƽûд󰭣СӺСС㶼ĺܣ
΢΢̧֣ͣ
Сŵ׼õĺ
Ӱú͵˺ԣͰ͵СĵһƬ
ԼĺӰѪУһֲһĸоʡ
һͻȻԾĵطʵأ
С¶֮ɫ
аߺܻĴѦˣֻ»ûѡ
ƿЦã˺ӳֻղѰɣ
µû
ѹ֪ѾˣİԺĴһȭҶˡ
ȻѦҽѦҽȴҪչСͽӤﲻ޷
ȻҪԭҿ۷۵Сʱʲôˡ
տҴ󲿷ֵʱ䶼ƣͣûźƵ
ưιȥˣҲܹ㡣
ѦϣԹƣԺǲҪͷӽǵĺӺòãҲǸѦѧҽ
ƶʱ⺢ĻЦˡ
պǷѧҽ£ǵȺǳԺԼȽϺã
꺢ӵգϵ˲ŸϵȪˮء
ԭҪϹˣƫƫ˷磬һʱòˣ´Ⱦŵг̡
֪ŮѾˣѣ岻ãҪҲˣĶ⺢Լӣŵ˶ûУ
Խ˵ϱԽۣڴ߾Ĩᡣ
ƺΣôӣҵǸͺȫ¶ԲƵġҲһˣ㿴ôأ
ôһӦչİȻȥԼһء
ưοʱûΪ·ٲˣأ
Ҳǻǰ㿴ⲻûڸźӣѺӴãŲҪġһޣ鶼أ
žԼ᲻ףæãԣԣﲻãӦĨᣡ㻹أǧżϻ𰡣
ŽϣͻȻӿһֲԤСָоԼеʱϤԼòҪﵱһɣ
ӵһ¸ѰƾԼֱʱӲͷƤġ
˭˵Ůӳ˳Ծ˯ͣˬģ
վҲģ
ŮӲ΢һ¾һ˵ΪҪĸιʳ嵭ܷΡ
λҪһһĺԿûζ
ԭ׼úӳ̣úƲô۵ġ
ǺȴҪԼιúӼԱ˵̡
Ƶ㣬УҲû˵ʲôˡ
ʵĸιһ۵£ӤθСĸֺһСʱҾҪιһΣϸ˯þ
˯߲ã˵ľȻͲá
ȪˮţƵͷһһѵĵ߶ˡ
о˺ܶࡣžӣ̲סüȥԼͷ
˺ܶࡣ
󲻻ͺ˰ɣ
Լʮ갡ҪӢͺ
žеԼ¶һػŵˡ
Ҵ§סͷһգȻž˵бƯˣ
ҿˣҶͺˣȻ䡣
Ұںڵͷʹʹ㣬˵ģȳͷܿͻٳġƣҪЩ𣿾ͺˣҲƯģ
Ľеһ㻹Ǿһͺ
ң
ƿ˵ʲôͺҲƯģƯ𣿡
ң
ΪʲôԤϵĲһ
аʮԼĸ鲻ãԼ˵һЩһ塣Լ˵ԺΪʲôƸˣ
һͷˮұƸϳ˷ţֻȥаʮ
аʮҴıͷܣаеǺ«ݸаߣĳ˵˰ɣҪײκӺĸ֮¡УаʮŮ˵ֶû˵Ļܿ𣿡
аЦеҧһŰǽĹӣʵŮ˵֣
а
ԼڿӰԼˣ

914 Ů˻вӲ

˺ӣӾͱòһˡ
Ϊ̥ĿɰϲҲͬΪӵ˲ìܡ
磬ȵϼҪСǱӣ¶š
磬ƵĸȣȴҪιӡ
ͼϹͨ˵˺ܶζδ
ԭܼ򵥣ֻһ䡰ôģдͰѺȥˡ
ޱƣֻø߿ࣺôȵ죬ﻹҪ϶ӱǱǶҪˣ
ҲۺӣҪӣЪЪ
ǸӣܷҴָֻأΪͷ۵˵
תת飺飬Ҫȥɣ
һ㶣ܾʵʲô
ûֱӻش𣬶Ƿʵƣȸңϣտ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
Զ׵͸͸ˡ
ҪǣҲΪ˱ǺãԸΪﳳܡ
§סһڣ£ͽҰɣ
Ұ»ʮֿ׵ġ
Ƴӣʹ߽׳ɹͷԸ޵ϲѶˡ
ɽܲذưɣ
ϰףôҪȥƵġ
Ұзٳ֣ƫƫ߽˫ȥв޳æƵ»Ҫޡ
Ϣǰϲǡ
ϲǴŮͨԸˣǵԼǷ磬Ůô죿
Ȱο㿴ô֣û˰æ𣿴²֮ءϾ޹һΣֻ»˵ԷһҪ°÷ģסЩ˵죡
˵ģҲϵĵġ
ô÷±Ůشƽأ
Ǻ̫С;Ͷ٣Ǻ޲ôŮһߡ
һעֽŮֱϻǸźһͬˡ
߽¶ڹʱ죬Ҳ˵ǻвʱﱸ
ʱ俴ź߽ܳ·ûأ
ҪǷӣҪýףƸףٵססһ㣬֮Ҳ߽æˡ
ۡһգҲ˿
ƺһֱͣۡ𣬴ˣҲûô಻ˣʱܼ
ʱ򣬴϶ӤҲͿˣ;ȫԽڿռʲô
˵ӵ֣ȡġ
Ҳ֪ǶϣӴϻۣȻֵôֱӡ
ʱһֱ׳˵ĺӲܱһǾϻ۵ģ
ϻۿԣˡʵ
ԼӢͺķգɲϣҲôҡ
û˲κӵˣôôȻһ˵㡣
ȻҲġһ߲οռЩѧӵ鼮һѯڴľ飬ȻԼȽϣѡġ
ԼǴСȪˮԵʣ϶ͻ۶Ȼ̥ʱһĽһĽ룬һ㱦ҪСȴӹԽԽ׳ʵ
µʱӾͶԼˡ
Ȼ˵ʮֳ£ʱ۵ֱƨҪһСͨԸȥſš
ÿʱ򣬺ƾϲǣò׷·ƽɡ
һʼСһﻹŬ֮۶Ȳˣɤſʼޡ
Ǵ϶һԣСȭͷʹ
ûŮƢĺأƺЦ˵
ҽ۶ڻţΪȻ˵ŮӦýһЩһ˳衣
ڸԼС˵
ţͻȻһ㶡˵ŮǸ׵ǰС
ٿұ۶ʱƵĴ̳ӾͻȻˡ
Ҿǲû˳أ˵
»۶һѱסô᣿ƣһһӶģ
۶¼û˹Լˣɤӿ޺
ϧһæźأû
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ʵҲ֪ԼԣԴӻкرƸС䣬ܶǰ£񶼼ƽ
ҲҺҶʮģôƢðţúƵ齥תɹˡ
¶ĵЦݣҲ͵͵˿
ƻеʱҾѾ͵͵˽˺ܶѻӵĽ졣
ЩүȻôϸģձ鷢Լӻ֮ŭͷƢںӴԺȻͻתǺܶ˲ȡİ취۲ĲĶȥŰʱͺˡ
ȥ̸ϴѦҽλҽĽǶȷ֪ŮӻкȷʵײԪɵġ꺢ӣ彥֮󣬾ͻת
λҽĻҲ֪ŮӴеӾȻҪôࡣ
뵽ԼҲˣޱȵֻۣϣԼͳ谮ԻеĽ꣬һЩʹࡣ
ŬȻЧġ
һʼƶ鷳꣬ѾٷƢˣЩͷĵطҲ˶̶̵ͷ磬źܿͻӵһͷںŨܵ㷢ˡ
뵽̲סƵͷƣʱҿ²һشƽˡ
㶣ôˣ
ҵĩҪǰְˡ
Ƶһᵽɤۣ᲻Σգ
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ȻҲȸȻٸ档
ЩûҪ֪ˣġ

915 ֲ

̵ıԤƻҪһЩ
Ÿʮ£ʥּ㵽Ȫˮء
Ȫˮأ߽ĽҲ½ӵʥּ̽
յϢֻǲĺƣú綯ԼԻؼҺٽְ
ȴƾܾˡ
УǱ֪һģϾһνʥ
סƣΪһǸͷӵĸܣ˵ҼȻ˵㣬ͱȻץѱ˵ˣҿ϶Լȥģ
Ѿ⣬̾˿ðɣá
˺ӺûкǣкԺÿγŴСͬҡ
Ĳ˵򲼣ӾҪ
ӵĶװһ̲סп޲װ
ǺƵһδһͬУֻЩʿ
һҸĽֱϲνƫͰǧ
Ȫˮأʱлννһͬ
лνµİ֮һصļãڶ˷֮ʲôϵ
ΪսԹ۵㲻ִͬ
£ҽȪˮؽлννоͺֵζˡ
ν͵ȥұģ̹ҲڵʱһᶢлνȪˮسء
⻰ʱǶˡ
νȫȨƹȪˮأŻذɣ
µЦʱ򣬺Цöۣѽ̫ˣǲǹνӣжĺ޲ǣ޲־Ҳԡ
ŬѹԺĴʻ㣬򴽣Ϳأ
ԣʣһİƣĻ
ұ֮һ㶼Ǵ͵͵䡣ϲó͵Լ
оӸ棬һ·Ȼƽ˾סʱЩջƹͻ̬ȶϹϾģﵡˡ
ϣƽ
˲·ڴڲ·סһ̡
Ҳ޶Ҫ´һȻԹԡ
ⲻֻ֪Ϊ˶ƿռ䣬°ݳԼǰжѡ
ڿռﶺӣյĳˮеĺʮֲƽ⡣
˵Ҫأҿñˣռ޷˵
ҹЦҪȻұźӳȥ㣿
˰ɣۺӣϾܾ
Ϊƶģռ˱ߵ޷ռ䣬Էʱᷢλƫ
϶ͻ۶ף߲ˣпտڣҲͬе¡
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ǣһĿڣֻߵĵ
˴ƽҲδ¶棬ù޵£Լҹĸ·󲿶ӻϡ
߽¶˴һȡһ֮ĺͷ
ϯڴƽ˽˾¥죬Ʋ˵Ĺʮָߵġ
٣ƽİվû˵˭ҵľܰôຣʺͺþơ
е̲ס˽ֹһֻҪüʮӰɣ
ԱмĲȻһЦʮмûУ˵һҪһӣ
ô󣿡ǰϯ˲զࡣ
Ǹص˵ͷп߽Ȣװѹ׵Ǯóƿ
ʱͬЦӣһ޹˵Ьʲôӵģ
һ˵ĿˢˢĿ˹ȥ
ֻ˵ľȻǸͻֻ˵ȴ
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ǹ֧ͬģ˭֪ҵ°
ʱһ긾ɻĶǰƽģڴզû㣿Ǵģ
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ǹﱻһվתȥͼһƯٸԼ߹
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Сɽһ㣬þ¥õĹ߶һЩ
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Ӵͷʹе
ſڵĶϯĿ˵ע˶׷ʲô¡
д˵ĺæ첽˹
ƣʲô£Ů׼˽ѵһæסʵ
ŬŬ죺㿴˭
ǸﻹڵţԴͷһʱϲԷɻ
Ʊ߹ʮִ³һקǹĸ첲
ƣʲôǹе
ЦۣǼҰϲ¿û㣡ҵҪʲô
ʱҲӦĴۣòƻµİɣ
ûУô˫۾ţܻŵı⣬ֶӵģһǽֶӲô죿ҡҪֶӴżȥ
ҪСԲ
Ƶ۾ʱһ˿⡣
ԭû̫۵£ΪԷǹ˵Ựģ˽ϳȥҲˡ
۾ȻҿҪСԲżңе㲻֪ˣ
߹ȥԼģأ
ۺµʲô
ʲôЦЦֱ۾Ҿ㣬żҵ£̸ֲСԲ£ϾϰӡĲ㣡

916 ˭ﲻ

ⷬ˷׷׵ͷ
ô˵żһڣֲһ˼ҵϲ¡
ղ˵ЩỰв˶ˡ
ȻˣȻ߽ߺҵѣƫأ
Ǻܿվ˵˼Ҷû㣬Ͻ߰ɣ˼Ҵϲӣ£
ǣҿûʲô˼ղ˵ô
żŮҲʮ˰ɣû޳ȥأƷҲû˸Ȣ

ǵĻһһ۶Ув˵֪ͺ£һȫź˵
ԽԽ̲ס粵
һſȴԼʲôǺ죬ͷð޷˵һ֡
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ԼôͻȻˣ
־ֻš
ʱζĳԼЦЦԸղŵ׳ӡʯͷŹȥ
ӺٺһЦǰһףԼ߳ȥҶְӳȥ
źɷģ뵽ԼǱһӱȥֻ»ȫ٣ԥһµӵܳ¥
СС־һδӰҵ¡
ϲվɡ
ƴͷβûκβ˿غԺԼӡͻȻ޷˵ȻֽţֻʱģҩЧȥȻԻָ
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ǶûаЦ߹ȥѻ۶׼ιŮ
˭֪϶ȴˣСץźƵ½ԼǰȻСһĳ
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ֶҲӿռ̳һģѵĻֵǲ࣬ǲóȥʹá
ײ˵ֻ֪˿϶Բ
ڽìܣƻͦεġ
ԼԼʱ̫ˮ㣬ܻᵣĺӳԲ
ڣȴֻᵣĴ϶ͻ۶Զ˻ʳ
˵Ҫȡ˼мɸι̫̫ȡ
Գ˻ʳգܵĳҹ޲˯̫Ȳӣ˻ܱܿȳëΣա
ԣǧһҪŵĸιʳҪ̫࣬˯ʱȡ
ȻԺƴӣֻż߶ʱҲΪѡϾǷ˵˵Ļô֮
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ϲʮ˳磬ϽеĿһһ֮˿
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߽·˽˲ԶｨӵʱҲǿǵýһЩ¥
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ûгҸȻҪٳһЩϴʱѾĿڽ߽ˡ
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һԺû뵽ͻȻתԼϣˣ㣬˵ʲôأ
˵꣬æ׼ȥ
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ֻͯԣԡ
ΨͨУʸʡǿˡ
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üʥּô˵ģ
аҡͷֵͷӵʥּϲûдҾ£һ佫ְĬϴϼҾ죬ʵ۱²Żġ
Ҳ˵ΪԼûнһᱸܲɣ°ͣȥü𣿡
ڣĸҪȥǣа㵵ۣⲻʰɣҪǣ֪Ƶô
һ£ʵȥ·Ҫ죿
ǴСǣҲҪʮ졣аľսĴ
Ƶ˵ͷǿӱأ
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ƵͷǾԪ֮ǰϵɣ
аʧɫĸģ
Ȼˣʲôʱ㿪ЦϽ׼һ£̣ƷԸ
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Ҵʱɡ̫аԲԼ¶ʵ
Ǿһ̶ѨҲҴ
ӣֻίһ£ʱסڿռˡ
ֻǣƻĺܺãаȴźϾ
һ·;ңԶǾǰӿʵ̫ΣաĸλСӣ˭˲ֻҪлˡ
ʱаԼΪҪʵͲһʵ
Ҳʵ֮ǰͷˣԲŵѡ
Ӻĸ˭ﲻ𰡣
ѾҪ׼ʰˣаˣȻɱȥѦҽȡ

917 ȥ

ϵ
Ѧҽֻһ仰ʹ˺ȥǵͷ
˵ȥ˷ˣ
侲һ룬ԼȷʵӦðȻ
ȻҰԼźӻشƽǾͿ϶˶ԲߡԼðȻȥˣ״ҵļƻԼ¡
ƺ֪֮Խ峤ѹЩ͢ǣױһһСı˸󲻾Ǿˡ
ǣܿϾͷһͬꡣ
գš
סĺܽʽҪһߵġ
߽׼˲˺ҡ
˺ôƽİո߽Ժӡ
ȻҲޱɬ

ͺ֮úܲá
ͽıڲ˵ҪѾûˡ
Ҳ˵СԲΨһĶӣ
СԲѾʽ˺ҵĻϣкԪ
ԪǺҼֵһȻĽСԲԼס
ǺȡģϣСԲһƽƽĳ
ۿͺ߽Ҵţڹսޱܡ
˳ʱȥֵѾ˵ˣһؼҲѵۡ
Լȴͬﳤ˲һ㣬еҪһԼӡ
˽⻰֮󣬺ϵˡ
İ𣺡ϽߣǴŮŵӣǳǼµ
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ٴУΪΣҪǴСԲ»ôԼȽϺã
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Я뿪磺ʲôİⲻǳĵ𣿼Ӳɣżҵôôȱأ
»ǽʹɣʮѵЦ
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ڲ֪ڸĵˣͱˣȻûмģȥ˵ūɻã
⣬۰Ͱ͵˺ȴһ߽
ǣֶӣѿ
ôõӣԼôͲ֪ϧأ
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ҡ죬ռһ䣬úãҾͷˣ
߽õüĺ뻵ֲģ⣬㺰̫ʰɣ
Щ㱡ԭԼʸû
΢΢ü㵽ʲô£
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ɫһ䣺СԲѾżûκιϵˣϣ㲻Ҫ⣡
Ҳǡֻпѱ磬ڿɬҾ뿴ӡңǳ׿϶ԼĺӣʱСԲҵ˼˵ܵĻԸ⽫СԲúõ󡭡
δ䣬ͱϣޣʲôʲôʸҪСԲϣСԲԺһ𣿡
ʱ߽ҲͦԼ»ӣҺԼĺӣҲԲСԲĳ˸Ҷ췢ģСԲ缺Ǽҵ£Ͳòˣ
Ҫӵģֹסķŭ߽Ҳ׼źļ׼ת뿪ˡ
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Ųһ٣ͷûص˵СԲˣԸҾţ
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룬ƱһרűСԲ
ԭӺаʮڴƽרű˵ģֻǺŲ̣һˡ
һȥգۼԪڡ
С̽ƵĿڷ磬ҪڼҴһӡ
ԴˣƱû̸סһû⣬ﲻٸ϶ͻ۶ĸʳκ߰ĵϣ˵ĻҪȥҪûûлȨ
϶ͻ۶Ѿˣʼιʳˡ
˵ӵû̵óԣҪӺȵŵϡ
˵˼϶͵Ժι
ÿһα֮󣬺ƶҪĵȰ죬ʮۡ
С廹ûãλǶ಻ã󻼡Щƫƫûа취ÿѧ֪ʶϽֻͣðλʦֹϵΪ
˵֪Լ̸ķʽ̫ԣÿշΪιҲۡ
Ȼ˺ܲԸ
ҪŮڼסһӣֻ˵˵еĻﵱȻֲǲˣ

918 ϱ߹ر

ǰ˵СӳϢĻһһ
ʱƻΪԿţԼ˱ŷֻ
϶ͻ۶ÿ춼нʱ򻹻ᷢ󡱺͡衱
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Įϱ߹֮һ·ϳǴȥˡ˵ֱӣһ˿ģӦԣһʱּøǰ϶ԿĮ
㶣ҲҪ𣿡
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˵󣬲Ⱥ˵Ǹ˵ƣҪʱˣ
գգۣȥͳǣ
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ưοҪԸֻ˾ͽףǴұաԿŻܡ˵˾ͽһģҲôұ䵽ĵز
ұع˶࣬ȱʳ˵Ӧñǿ׳ƲɵȴһֱĮѹţʼղü
ľ棬˾ʵԭ
ҵ˵ͷǱ߹߽죬ͳǡƣĿǰֻغñ߹һĶֵرãڻʳҪóˣ
̫ˣڿõһЩˣƺܸˣ̴Ƴ͢һʱǲǷٺ»˰ɣڲڿǳˣ
ô࣬͵ôһˡ
Ż˵ԼҪӣǿɲǿЦģ
ʵ֤ĲҲȫһˣ
ȫǰһ̾ͻʧɫЩ˷ܣҼֺЦ㰡û㾹ȻҲǸΨ²ҵģ

919 ʵ

£ϱ߹رĮơ
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аͷҿֵϵڶš
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ֱǲǻ·
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ȥ߹أǱ񣡡
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ھ֮УһСϢͬһǰе·
´һ·ҰҰݼѵļų
ھǵĳԼʵ˾Ϣе˿еȴû߹صĽңǿּͼı졣
˾һεû˿ɣǷǸҵԹ٣˵˵Щô죿ȥ߹أѵΧžǣ˵߹Ǳƶ񤣬ָų͢ȼáЩȥˣΣ
Ǳ̨ʱǣȥҲֻᱻ𲻵ʲôá
ǣڳ͢βܵ£ƺƵĽ߹ء
˽׼ڼ߹صĳǳר˽ӴĵطȻɢֱȥ˲ͬĵط
Ƶѱ鲼ұǱߵսӰѹرֳأڱ߹صֳԣĺܣֻر½ѽֻȱֵת
Ȼʮ񣬺ƵȻȫա
õģ飬յŮӿѡ巿ط
һЩֵֻصׯںǱ
֮ʮعϡ߹֮ͬ󺣵ˮΣܿС

920 ׼ּ

߹ƶ񤣬Ķϵͣÿʳ޷߹˿ڵ±⡣
ÿһ꣬͢Ҫ߹زݡ
ս죬˾ͽеע˱ϵıĮ棬ﻹʿͰյ
֮ǰ߹صʮ˶ʮ򣬽ʮر߹ء
ԴʯƷɽս֮˾ͽƺһû˰ȫУҪȨץУּͳǣɰʿϡ
ӵʥּ̲סЦɰر߹Ͳ±߹ҲĮ˹ƣл
ĪɸŸ͵߹صľûҲû͵ûûʳǳΣ
ĪѴӸƫΪȪˮزνлννƽ
бĪνľǰͰΪλڷͳУ
ҪǣΪλԼǰۣ
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֪һ⣡
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𰡣֮ǰ˵ã׿ڴӦȥ͵ģ֪ǲĪɵĴ˵֮ҵɫѿˡ
ҶĪνʱƣĪǱԼ͵͵ȥԼˣ
Īɴ˸æͣڽżȻģżȻģ
һ˵£ʥּ£ĪҪ
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ŴһѶģ
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ԭλ֮ûŻʲôµġ
Ҷ֪ŻȻܳ裬Ϊ˾ͽ״δΪ̫ѡ֮С
ǺŮ誣ŮĽѩ֪ѧҩŵķӣӧŻӵ塣
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һ˭˵Ż̫֮λԵˣ
ڸ²仯ӿÿ˶ԼС˼
ʵ˾ͽףƫƫ˼أǸ
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Īһͬо·ȻѶԷѡ
ͣʮָ˵һӲˡ
Һܲˬƣзѣ㲻ôˡ˷ѣ
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ǰɣûȨı˽ˣĪɴίƵã㻹֪ɣ֮ԸߣڰϽȰȰɣҪĴ°

921 Ҫ·ܼ

δ䣬ɱ˰ֱֱ˹ȥ
Ī̲ס˸˺󣺡ãң
һͷˮʲô˼ʲôĴ£
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ʥּ̫ҵӱ޵߹ظϡ
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һʼǸ̫໹ΪƿڴżΪԼǻʵ۵棬ԷҪԼϹϾʱƣԽԽţԽԽûס
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ǱغˣһǵҪپǷʥּ

ܽҲǸùߵġֻһ·ѡ
Ҫ·ܼ򵥰ֻҪʶȤЦԡ
ڵͷԶԣҲô˵ģҸ˵ûԺĻݸïʢΪʾͬţ֮ǰʥּǸСӸƨˣ
ҲΪôһŻʤŻʲô˵ʲôԥȫˡ
ʵϣ֮ǰʥּǸ¹ҲȷʵˡֻʬײδڻУǻݺҵطˡ
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ΪǺǸˣԲΪ˾Ͷǰڼӡ
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ǽǵĲ£ȫ׵ģ˺
˵ЩҲҵ߹زξջ֮һ

922 վ

ʥּʯ󺣣˻û
ǱҲ޷ӦȻҲ׼䴦
ڴұ״Ҫʥּȥɵϣ
ű߹һĶֵأۿϵս𻺻ӵߣȴ˿ûԮֵĴ㡣
ÿȻкܶȻҲȥģһ㶼ȥ߹Ͷ׵ġ
طôûг͢ķָֻ֣漱𶯵ˡ
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˾ͽ׸ˡ
ѵ޾ûа취𣿡ڳ֮ϣʵ
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˾ͽ۾Уû˵
ʱղųĬĴҲ׷׽Ը͡
£϶ᱻͶ߹šʱԣֻΪʳһգǻҪָܻ͢ȥ
£Ϊ壡
£Įξٴ󽫾赲֮⣬粽ǰ΢֮Ӧʤ׷ĮҴұ

ųϼȵĴǣ˾ͽһ˿ζĹâ
һܣĿ˼λϡ
̫ӣô
վǰŵ̫䲻Ȼŵ΢΢һ£Щ֪Ŀ˾ͽס
˶̫ӲŴʣ֮
һŻش˾ͽ׾̲סҡͷ
̫ʮ꣬ʮ걻Ϊ̫ӲѾʮꡣ
ʮƽƽ棬޽
ȻҲ˵һ㹦ûС˾ͽ׺̫ӵĹЩĻźͳǰæԼġ
ʵϣ̫ʲӱҲԵΡ
ϳʮ꣬ԼһµУޱʧ
˾ͽ˿¶ӣҲ˵˵Դ˶кο
תת飬ǰһʣΪȻ֮Ͷ߹Ҳܾ䷢չϾЩҲ汻ձˣֻպǴ鷳
䣬ӱվ˳ʣöԲӣ߹㣬ԸѣʳЩأĿǰĴǱĮ
֮ӽԣʣΪȰڣ˵Ҳмֵ

ӷ׷׷ԣ˾ͽ⼸վӣ
Ӻ̫һĸͬȻͳһ
ӸͶӣĪվӵǱˣ
ţ˾ͽΨһûзԵӣϰˣϾţô˵
˻ӣٺһЦʣЩ¶Ҳ㲻ػģ
˾ͽҲûָ˻˵ʲôϰ˳ֺУ£ԼҲûж䱧Ժ
ţŻӡ
֮УŻΪòƤҲףվȺʮۡ
ֻʣŻûз֣˵ĿȻۼھŻϡ
ɾŻȴ˿ţȵǰһʣΪ߽Ǵ£򣬶Ӧ
䣬ӱվ˵ŵĪΪ߹ôʳʮŶѹȥֻѾʮ˰ɣ
һ˾ͽһ˲ѿ
ϾЩҲ񣬶ȴϾ˼Լ
ӵɣŻ˿ţش𣺡磬֪֮һԡ˵ֻȥ߹زл·Ȼ߹ظҷųϢȻǽЩİաΪˣҲŻΪ߹ؿ϶⣬ڲʱպɴ
ŵ㻹ǻΣأбڶԿĮĪŵ֮Ӧ÷ֳһֱȥͶ߹أʵ
Ż򴽣û˵㱻˾ͽֱӴϡ
ˣ֮ϣǰ֮˾ͽﶼðŻ
ʲôʱˣѿ֮ѵԼǰֵܺװһ
ѵӺ;Ż֮˾ͽ׶˶Щ󳼣ΪŻ𣿡
ôһʣЩĦ˼ĴǶʱ˼
ǱҪŻϣԼվ֧־Ż
߱Żһ
Ǻܿдվ˳ŻԼǡ
վ࣬ӺеĻҲǡ
򴽽΢΢ζĿ˾ŻһۣȻڳһ²ؼ̬ȡ
֧־Żӵ˾ͽױʣλ֮νͶ߹⣿
Ϊ׵ĴȻտڲԣǾŻģ޹ء
ֻЩվ֧־ŻӵĴҲడȥÿ˶˵ųꤻźܶ࣬ûһڵܽ⡣
ջǾŻҧվ˳ӧǰ߹ء
˾ͽʮ𾪣ƽ㵱Ҫǰ߹أ
˾ͽƽǾŻӵ֡
Ż˾ͽ˻ʺȡһƫŮӵϣӺ
Ҳ֪ƫŮԵãǹЩҩã֮ŻӾôĳˣջΪ誺Ľѩҩŵ塣
Ĳ˵̫ҽϾŻӿ볣һ¾֤Żӵˣ
˾ͽƽʣƽԸΪʷǣǰ߹һ̽
˾ͽ׿Լ۰Ķӣ̲סпƽٿӣǸƽİ
ֻǾŶ˶£ôƽأ
㲻ΣգôԶ·̣ƽҲܲ˰
ţ˾ͽ׿ڵƽ⸸֪ˣֻǴȥ·;ңԶܲȵñȥ̽̽ʵΪã

923 ùİ˻

գԸҪʵ۷ǵľŻӱ˾ǣһֱŬܲµİ˻ȴ˾ͽȥǰ߹ء
˻Ķˣôôûãձ͵ϣһ·ȥ
ºܿ촫õϢĹ誺ĽѩŻӸͣ¡
ǲ֪ݸ簵ɼУԲŹƽ֧ߵѽֲ֧˵ǲһݸ᲻·ӻ
˻˾ͽݣ˾ͽɼ
ұ˻ʼҵˣҲֻп誻ֱӽǵԸˡ
֮£Ľѩĳƺ͹ضˡЦ˵ΰ˻Ƿʥּǰ·ӻΥʥּ
ȥ߹زһƲƲ죬ҿ˵ǰȥʥּûһ˻Żأ
⻰һһ˲͡
ǾŻ˾ͽƽ΢΢̾˿ʵȥһġϧ岻
Ƶطʲôȥģ調˵
˾ͽƽ˹һۣû̾սϯϲͶ߹ز԰ҵľֻȥﵽʲô£Ȼôల¡
ԭĻǵĲ²⣬϶ᵼʳԣЩϣȥȴϣһµġ˭֪߹ȴһֱƽ˾ûκαҵϢ
Դˣ˾ͽƽǿҵĺġ
Ϊԭδ뿪ǣȥԶĵطžǾׯˡܿ뿪ʹȥ浽ʲôӡ
¹˵߹غƣҲۿƵطǸʲôƷ
ϧ飬˲ᶮ
˻˾ͽ߶Ǳ߱ܿõϢ
ò˵ԴӺһһӥڴ֮ҵõϢԽԽʱǽ˴⡣
˻ӡ΢΢ͷǸֺԲϲԼƨɺ浱ƨСӡ

ʱۣǲǺӣҲǿһֵֵ˰
صУ¸˺ơ
Ʋ˻ʱ仯ʵλ˻ӹϵܺ𣿡
ֻǶʱǿһ䣬ԳЦЦֻѾʶո˰ɣ
룺ô죿
ϰ취ҺԥĴ
뵽֮ǰǸ¹ϣ˻ǸʶȤˡ
ΪֻʶȤܻȥ
ǲʶȤȲҪɱ˶ʱ飬һʹɣ
Ӿǵ߹أĽ·һҪʮң˾ͽȴӲһ¡
һ·ϣûҽڡ
һ纮һӣһγ
֮ٳʹֶζûûʵ˾ͽջǱе͵߹ء
ͳΡʵĳǽʱλ˻һףֱιȥˡ
ٴѹʱɫѾˡ
˾ͽãۣͿԼǰվһߴĺӰ

ţһµҪƴܡ
Ȼ޶ŲӸˡ
˻ӵ£˵˷ͳǣ¹½ҡҳ˵
˾ͽݴסȻŤŲӿһԼӵֻ֡
ɫĽջء
˾ͽݹ򶨵˵ȴڷɿ㡣
ǰһһҽܣʵϸûԼ˻ӷɣôֱ޶ԼĲӣ
Ҫ֪޶ԼӵģСֻ˾ͽҿոһˣ
ոѾˡ
̫࣬˾ͽݴŹǻӿˣȥҵ
ҳŬŬ죺а׿ˮ˻ӵ´պϴպϡ
д˾ͽݸҪİȴͻȻ뵽ԼС˼ʱߵĻ˻ȥ
˾ͽӹתЦʵҲûôʣȷǰɣ
ЦЦ֪˻ǧ߹Ϊ£
Ǹ˻Ȼ˵Լּģ˵ԼǷּ̽ʵġ
תת飬ͻȻסſǻ˵ˣడ
ҶˡСӴСóΪͷѹûԹʲôͷһ
˾ͽһ͵͵۲ҵ飬һ߿ǵ˰ھǻ첻ȥˣҪȻôᱻ䵽߹ʺĵطԺɾҪָˣ
Ҵǳ鴤֪˻ӵµ˭ˣ
£˾ͽᵽԼҲرԩ˵ÿֺУϽֵϷϷҸŮӲվӣ뵽֮УΪʲôһΡ
Ȼֹɴ۾ͻȻһĴȣ֪ˣ϶˸±֪ˣ
һͷˮ˻ӵ£˸кι
϶ǾŵΪվǱˣ˾ͽѿڶ
΢΢ü
˾ͽԾʧԣڨЦҲ㡣ʵŵܴ˽һ·顣ǸӹǰɣʲġⲻҾ͵ùߵıˡ
ҵͷޣԭ߹ǵù
ǣԲǣ˾ͽǶ˶ƫ֮ǰҲΪ߹ػƶ֮ŷֱֱ֣˼ɾͷոЦݣҵֱĵط
һδ֮󣬼ҵƺڻ͵͵˿
꣬ùĪһƨǲ͸ˣ
ЦЦ˵꣬˵Ȼ˻ӵҲãǾס°ɣ
˵ת뿪ˡ
˾ͽĿɿڴ
ʲôס£Ҫؾǰ
׷ſһԼһʣĶףٲȻǰԼ˰
ˣ
˾ͽݾĺ˼۷ֱ
ô죿ԼǲҪɱˣӢŰ

924 ޴󽫾

˻֮ȻõѶϢ࣬һ˿
ڻصʱϻ΢΢Цݡ
˻ˣо鲻ƺʵ
ЦףǼһﻹӣҲͷˣ
ۣƶ˻ӻġ
ʲôˣܰҶôģ
лҴȥǣֿڵ
㶣𣿡
ǶּˣڸʼҶŸɣҪȥ˻ӣ
ЦЦ޷һ
ôһֻֻСèƵģһֱצԼ
Ҵ˻ӵĸıáҼ׽ĻӣʱҸȥҼˣʵСʱȻϲƨɺ棬һӻˮû㲻ϽԼҼҳ֮ͻȻϲ飬һһҵӡ
ɣʱŶ󣬾ĻˣƾԼûǴĻҼҳµʱҲ꣬ǰ˻ӲŶ
ҺЦĿһۣ˻ֻС꣬ʱҲˡ֮Բܳ裬ҲΪĸҼף˾ͽײŻ᲻ӡ
ң˾ͽ׸㸸أôһԼЩм
Ŀ˾ͽˣǴұս𲻶ϣǽп಻ⶼ˾ͽʵ۵Ĳְ
ûн꣬Ҫʹֶ
˭
Ƶܿ档
һºһظǱߵķˣΪ
ұͶΥʥּϱ߹رĮƣϵķ췴
˵˾һ飬ط׷˻ʵ˾ͽ׵Ŀơ
˾ͽ־ŭͬʱ羪֮񣬾Ȼξٴ󽫾սߺ󳷻طԾǰΣΪء
սߺ󳷣͵ٶȷһǳء
˵ɣɳǳ븽İأ
ξٴ󽫾ʮַŭд˿ӱ޵͵ǣͼ˵ʵ۸ı⡣
ȻӦȴһʥּ
Ұ㿹ּΪȫСھǣ˾ͽС
ǾһζųеİҲҪųˡ
硢ʧΪ񡭡
ҧʥּξٴ󽫾ˣеκͲȴģܿͲˡ
Ȼʵȴ׼ŹһңϵĲˣǱСĶϡ
ʱ˾ͽ׶ξٴ󽫾äĿţػǵֻһˡĸܽͳҲĹɴ̵׻ǲһЩ
ξټҲξٴ󽫾ĶȥˣӺͶҲͬսֻСڼҡ
ξٴ󽫾ʮ־ġ
ĹһΪ
ֻϧӵĲδ
һ죬Ҿƣȥ˻˾ͽݵլӡ
˾ͽеģڻǰϣľƣֻ۾Źˡ
ʲôӣ㾹Ȼ;ˣ̳Ƴ˹ȥ
ҿ̾˿ξٴ󽫾ˡ
˾ͽݶһ٣ƺЩûӦ
ϰξٴ󽫾ĳӷͻؾǡֵһ̳ƹȥȻߵԺеʯǰ¡
˾ͽž̳һ߹ȥʵʲôʱ£
̧һۣ۽Щ죺ʮǰ
ʮǰ˾ͽظһ飬ͻȻƿЦ˵ξٴ󽫾ˣұо𣿡
˵͵عһھƣҾǺÿ
ҿƴԣȴ˼ɫˮվߵߣĺ󱳣˵ƲұֻǸʵۡ
㣡˾ͽһԼĸʶֱȥɿҵʱȴͻȻһ£㵽˭
ЦЦҪȾƣξٴ󽫾
ξٴ󽫾Ǻܶ佫Ŀе񻰡
֮ǰξٴ󽫾߹أסĮǿС
չ¶ͷǣչֳ˵ñŻξٴ󽫾Զӯϣ׷ֽ
˵ûξٴ󽫾ͺãҲûкǸ˲â
ξٴ󽫾â¶ȴִ˺ܶܶĽ죬ôұ뽫춼мǾߵˡ
˵ξٴ󽫾ֻҪڣұľľͼӲ
ǣξٴ󽫾Ȼڹ۶ϲˡ
Ҳѹ˾ͽݻʳұоĻ
˸Ժһ̳Ҿƻֽ̳һݵļơ
ҪҾȻҪȥȥƵ֪Ұ˻ӺȾʱ֪϶ﲻˣҪһйͬ͸һͬйһ
ǺƲҾƣɿ˼¾Ʋð͹ȥ
žƣСˣ˻˵þƣòˣĶãܣﻮĳӰѹִҶԸأҲȥˣ
ǰ˻ӵڶ˵ȥĻ
һλ±ɱڣԲŹô˵ҵĺøУһȴٴ˼ĳ
δȹҵľƣ˾ͽȻЩȶˣСʹǸ˵ĵط̫ˣȥ
ҿֱһ̲࣬ӡ
ֽ˾ͽݿϣ͵ԷϣԸźѾߺúøϴ±Ѿתȥ
˾ͽݵһʶȻᷢҲļᶨаƵĺۼ
˵°˻Ƕʱõ飬ΨһԷзĵطֻںƵĿռ
ƣҲΨһҪȫȻΣǸˣ
صźƵǵŬҪ¶һ΢ЦȴںƵľѣ˵һ䣺ƣξٴ󽫾ˣӴ֮󣬴ұ޴󽫾

925 ξͶ

ұĽܱܶ࣬Ϊ󽫾ȴָ
ξٴ󽫾ĲţұȻûһ󽫾ˡ
֪ǲӦǾ䡰ξٴ󽫾ڣұľıӲԴξٴ󽫾֮󣬴ұٶսܣǡ
ξٴ󽫾ĴҲսɳΪξټҵڶΪұ佫
˾ʮŭξٴ󽫾ţֻ¾Ҫξټˡ
ٴξٴ󽫾ĳӺʹӳսȴξٴ󽫾ĳξΪ飬ξ̻֮Ϣ˾ͽֻգѰˡ
ʮͳǡ
ӭһλĿˣ˺Ҳʶ
ξڡ
˭Ҳû뵽λξٴ󽫾ĴӾȻھǣ߹طͳǡ
ŷ糾͵ξڣ㵨ӿʣ֪Ǳ˷֣һͨıܲģʱ㾩ǵļֻ»ᱻųն
ξڿЦһڰ֣㲻ŻңҺԼʲôңھǣѵȫپͿԵø𣿡
ٿһ㡣ҵ˵
ȷʵҪŻһξһ
Ͼһﵨ̫ˣ߹ؾӪٺãҲܿ϶жǱ𴦰̽ӡ
ǰξڵټһʱ佫ֻܴξڵپı¶ˣ
ξ裬ֱĨһ죬ͻȻڵ˻Ƿ񻹻ţ
Ҳʣأ
ɱ֮ˡξڶҵ۾
ҵ˵㿴ˡ˻ʬ׶ˡ
ξһ£ƺ̫ţǴҵֿκ
˻ˣֺαһأ
һʱ֮䣬ԼļƻȫˣȻ֪Ǻá
˵Ҳͬס鷿սóΡ
ʱ鷿ͻȻһ
϶˵ǽĻǼٵģ
һ۵ͯС˵ġ
Ǿ׼˰ϴγԹ֮һֱɩʲôʱû뵽ôпڸˣѽ϶ߵ̫ˣ屧ȥ

ӺͺӵĽ̸Զȥ鷿еξĿɿڴûղǰ˻ӵ
ĬĬԻ粻ƫƫʱǰԺ
֪ԼͲӦý˻ӵ
֮˺ܶࡣӲĲϡ
ȻξȴѾ϶˸ղǸǰ˻ӣҪȥһ

佫뵽ʲôȥ֤
Ĺ٣ﻳҲᶵȦ׻
ҾãԼҪѪѪҪ˰
ԺдζȴԷΣѾЩȲˡ
˾ͽһǸġ
ʱѾԾĿʼλã͵͵϶һ˵ϲǵǽǵ˰ǰʱԱߣĵУ
϶գŴ۾һ˵˵ʳ
˾ͽɫôܽʳأҸ˵һҪԼϲãܲ밡Դʲô˶һ̬ȣǸ˭׽أԶ֣֮ǲȻҲϲĺͲϲġ
ҺξһߵԺ˾ͽⷬ
ȵ̻Ҷӣ
Ҹ磬ɲǽ̻ǡξڣСô˾ͽݿξڸ˹һ
ξЩ˻ӵ£Ȼû
ޣӻúúõģҰ˾ͽû˵
ξ۷Ź⣬´˾ͽһĿƵŤͷҡ

ùźҪҪ̸ξ֣˵
ƲƲ죺˵ҪԷ𣿡
ξڣôӦԤеĲ̫һ
յŸʢɫζȫʮӪķǽ֮⣬ƻ˺з
зԣʺϺӶԣ԰ڴ϶ͻ۶ǰĴ඼ɽҩຢӰֺÿ˻ʳ
ɿ˾ͽݡ
Ҫ֪ǹڴ϶ԱߣŴ϶Լȡǽأ˭֪ǽȻԶĵط
ȿȣǸξڣ˵
ξһ£ʶҡ
Ҫ֪˾ͽĿҵĶӡ
ڲ֪Լǵ˻ʱһԼ
˻ƺӦĺܺðĶӶأ
ҳ˾ͽһۣͷ˵ʲôԾ͹
һ仰˾ͽݶʱɱˡ
˾ͽȻ̫ģ㽫ԼݹȥʾξڰԼʢˡ
ξٷ˶±Ƶġ
ȻȷʵǷʢֺóԣȥμӹʱҪζ
ϯãôо˻ӵرɣȫǿбģ
Īǣʵǰ˻ӵǱߵģ
˻ӵ´߹Ϊ
ξð²⣬ֻŷȥ鷿ҽ
˾ͽȻڷϲۿξȥ鷿ҲûиȥȤĴ㡣
ξ̲סʣ˻ôˣΪһĶûУ
ǳԳ˰ɣڴ
ξڣ
鷿ξԿżɽ
Ϊ˵ȥԼ»֮ǰôѲľ
ǴξټǰͶϵģԸΪӦӦϣҺҴԵʱΪǴ򿪳šֻ˻ӵǻԺ󣬿ξټһ·
ⷬȻξڴܶθˡ
ԴǿУʮ㣬ƺҶûκξܾɡ
ֻ
ұŹֵĳξڣ˭Ҫְ˻ӵǻˣǸԲĳԻ°ѴұԼô˾ͽҪõĶɣξǲ̫ã

926 ӵ

ξڲ㾪°ͣɶ㡢㲻ְ˻ӵǻ㡢ǡ
бð˻ӵƷʺϵʵۣ
⡭ξںܾᡣҪ˵ʵ
ڼλУ˻ȷʵʺϵӵһλ
ְ˻ӣǴ˭
Īǰ˻Ӱ֧˭
뵽˾йذ˻Ӹ˸Ĵԣһ
ڸִξڵԺʱƮƮ˵Ϊʵۡ
ѵһ
ξ˴󷭵ڵء
֮ԱǣϢͶϣ
˺ð죬ξڻɲĶң˻ӵ¿֪ġ뷨Ұĸֱ̻ض
Ҳͷ룺ӦòµˣȻҲôֵͣ¡
˻֪ξڸˡ
ⶼʲô
˻ӵ¾Ȼֱ֧߹صĽǻΪʣǴ治
ξͻȻԼ߹ػ̫嶯ˣҪȻҸڸǣȻȥ߹ؿ
ˣʽҽһ¡ҿ˵ʽȴȻϣӻ΢΢ţʵҲ˾ͽ
ξڸ飺Īǻʵ۱˽ӣ
Ҷʱڡ
һĪӲʹּһԼбҪ¶
ǣղŴ㱨ջش㣬ȻһĬĬ
һߣξڵ˰죬˵Ҳеš
Լǲ¶˻û¶԰
һаվ鷿ӣż
ҽнʵıģ
аһξڣŴ
ףֽ̧ӹżʾа¡
ξڰľ˹Ŀеţʶ쳤Ҫʲôݡ
ҿ󣬽һۣƳξһۣ뿴㣡
󷽵Ľŵݹȥ
ξڷе㲻ҽˣ⡢𣿡
佫ʲôʱҲαһˣұġ
ξӹһüΪȣ߹صĽ
ûɣ
ȱĲӦ
ôҲôأ
𣿡ҽջأȡһϻӣ򿪺˺ܶһֽţֻǽѣպҪģⶼǽ
ξڿǸϻװ˼ʮţ˼ֻȥʳĪ߹иʳܻأʢʳ
Ҳ԰ƶǳģ
ֽôӦԹ˲ϾŶԣ
ҲξǺ˼룬ֱӽ𰸣зһ֣ĶĵҪһ˵Ͷϣ˵۹⣡
ξڣͶϵ£¿һº𣿸ղǾҪԼʵʵ̫ˣ
ʱ鷿ͻȻ˴򿪣˾ͽرȻĴʵո磬𣿡
ո磿ξڵɴۣ¶֮ɫ˻ӵ£ʲô
ףô˾ͽҲƣŤͷңո磬û𣿡
ңԼҲˣ
ξһ±ơʲô׻жԼ֪ģǵϢڶô
ո磬ҪҪ˾ͽݻװģѯҵ
Һ˵أ
˾ͽݺٺһЦǸɣξСӻǲģ
ξ˭СأԼ
˾ͽݵĵͬһ󻬼ξദΣͬʱָξڽҵݽ͵װס
֪ξ𾪵Ķˣ㡢ӣ
ǲǺţҸϳʱҲرȡ˾ͽЦ˵
û
˾ͽԼϳģұݡ
˵ȫǸ⣡
֪һע˺·ȥ֤̥ǡҪȫ֪˾ͽݵǴʲôʱʼԼݡ
ʱ˾ͽݻǵӣ˵ʲôħֶԼĻ֮Ρ
ȭͷ׼˾ͽһٵʱһ˵ʵ˵ֻǾҵüر죬ԼĴ̣Բš
˻ӵĴ̣Ȼ˵
ʵϣҲûϵʱô꣬˻ǵԼס
Ӽ˱Ҫʱ빬֮ٲμʲôӦ꣬ԴҶӡûô
ҳһЩϳߴߣûϳ
˭֪ȴ˾ͽ
Ҳûд㽫ãԱϳ֮Գˣ˾ͽݾϲʹޣҵĴȲ֣ȫĨĿϡ
һ˾ͽֵϵĳҾ̲סҪȥϴ軻ӡ
ξȻмֲʵ
ȫұô꣬û뵽СүȻ
ϢҪǴȥֻһֻ²佫ԼĹٶϲ֣Ը׷ɣ
ףԣ
ξڶȻңСүж֪
ҵ֪Ȼ֪ˡ
ξȻ˴˴ң˾ͽҿҪûԭλľģ
ξڲμӣԸΪӵȷξڵϥ¹˵
Ұڰ֣轲ЩøϽؾȥⱻ˾ͽ׷ֶߡ
˾ͽݵ棬ֱʵ˾ͽ׵䡭ξ͵͵˾ͽһְۣ˻ӵ¾Ȼκβ֮ɫвɶ԰˻ӵ˾ͽҿӵһ
ͬ˵ѾͶϵľģ߹صĵףξҲයӦóϻؾȥ
ϾξټյĽֻھǲܷӳá
ξ뿪ʱ˾ͽݻЩģո磬᲻֪̫ˣ
ξһûˤ˻ӵ˼
Ƶ˵ֻ֪֪ģɽһǶѣ࣡
ԣξڶʱӸĪ⣬˼־η

927 ˾ް

ʮ궬
ʱ򣬾ǵǶ׼һƬϲ
ڣĴȴһֳֻ̻̲յա
˳ðҲɫҴңϺЦݡ
ˣˡ
֮ϣ˾ͽһδΪĮֹǳأۿžҪƽˡ
ѵҴұȻûһУ˾ͽʡ
ЩĹ佫ͷĿ⣬һ˸ӡ
˾ͽǾǱƣλ͸ѳɣ
ڳһ£˴˶һۣ׷취԰ʵۡ
е˵Įǰѽٱˡ
Ҳ˵ܱĮͣ߹غͶ߹ؿɱ֧Ԯܽұ
ἰξٴ󽫾ĳӺʹӣƣξٴ󽫾Ѿ˰죬ξξҲӦˣ

һһ˲ټƲߣɼǽѵϣް֮Чķ
ų֮ҺһƬ˾ͽֻؿڷƣԴΣվȻۡһѪȻȥ
߹أͳǣ
һ߸ƼвˣһЦԣ˾ͽ׾Ȼڳ֮Ѫεֻ±ĮǻûȥԼˡ
ƺʵ˼Ǽλ֣ǲ˼αסǣ鹴Ķأ
һȺĿļһֻ֪ǰȨ棬˵ģЦҲ£ĸӳɹλҲֻæȰڣȻĮͣ
ͣƺһαĮڣô״Ӧǵͣѵǲ³Ϊǧˣ
΢΢ҡͷЩ˰Ƕˣҿɣ˾ͽĵزֻµһԼ
ԭƻǲΣЩӺʹǺôҲСʫ飬ŵģɥĲ¡
Ǿڶʮһ³ߣɥӣ˾ͽް
˾ͽһӣȻ궼ûȥԼеС
Ȼ⴫ǲţеסң
Ƕһλ̫ҽ˶صĶ˾ͽ˵
Ͼǰ˻ӵҲñֵ̫ȸԾ
ңӦ˻ӲԶ˾ͽס
ˡ
˾ͽݺ۾û뵽磡ո磬ʱ򲻱飡
ģ˾ͽݵļ򣬡еӽˣʱˣ
ǵģ
˾ͽһѾˡ
Σ
̫ͨҽ£Ȼ̫ӵĶĿºܿͱعһʱ֤֮ݶָӡ
ʱͻȻСһµԣ̫֪Ҫ¶ȴֹǵȴʵ˾ױó֤ݣĿ
ţӡĻӡӵḻ́ÿճϳһţ
Ȼûգ̫Ӳ֪ʲôֶշ˽ͳ죬ֶν֮ӿȨѹԵ
ԵȻǶӣֱԶʵΣպն
һͬģǶԼЩֶ֧ӵĹԱǡ
ϴѪߡ
һԪڣﻹ˸ҹڣȫĵ֮
ͬʱ߹غͶ߹ȴͻȻҪǣĮ
Ϣ׼ǻ̫־ŭ㲻߹غͶ߹صλʲôͼ
֧Լ»ʵǻĿģ
֮У̫˾ͽҲҾеǻˣȥӦ죬̽̽Է׳٣кĿġ
ܿ죬̽ӻţƶ߹ɳ߹ɳʮ
ࡢ٣ʮ򣿡˾ͽŵòûϵ־ŭʣĶô
길ʽϷĮֻ
ҾȻʱʮˣ
⡢Ҫ췴
붫߹طϢȻסܿ쾩кܶ˶֪һϢ
Щԭ̫һɲ׽˼ʱ׷Ÿ߹صĽϵͼڶԷ򾩳֮ǰʾãԸӦϡ
żͬѩ׷׳һۡ
Щżұ̲סƸп㿴˾ͽǶô˴ûǻأô೼Ҫѱˣ
Ц㻹ЦˣôרУֻ³أ
ҲãҲұȣ˵ЯҾʲôףʵֲûйʵʱҲǶһ˵İ
ʵҲûдŻʺһͬѽЦе˵
ҭ
ܲܽƸЩᲢ۰ɣǶƵ裡
ɿһһǿƵ̬˵عܱˣ֮ҾҪ޶һͬ˵Щʺֲһ
ûһѺƺʹ϶۶ˡ
Ȼֻ˺ƣܡ
ʵЩ
ýڼ˵ҲûĿռ䰲ȫ
ûиӿռ£ǳ˯ŵʱռ䣬ȻҷֵԴÿտˣ
Ŀռͱ˾żͬһСɽˮкﻨ㣬ʤա
ʮֿģȫûκβӦС
ҺͺһлҲռȥӣƻһ˲ߣֱһͯݹˣ
ΣȻδֳκνźӡ
෴ʱųȥͷǱ߰æó˲ʳĸҼӲ͡
һʼвٽʿһ飬ɺܵ˽ṩʳ֮Щʱʧˡ

928 ܽʥּ

붫Ϻֱǡ
Ȼ˾ͽԼЩ󳼾̲ʱȴδھֱͣ±űĮȥˡ
һٶ˾ͽ˿пͶĽʶġ
ӳִأһķ˲һµʱ䡣
ִ֮ҲδʱǣֱڳפȻȴǵسǽǰ
ԼڽļǳһפʮʮȻ
ǣʮ֮УжǱȶҪ̵ģ
ٿľӣ־ѹ;ƣһԾԾԣҪ뱱Įɱ;
ȣ
ڵǵسǽζǲġ
ҲפʮҪֻ»ᱻȺװ͵Űʣ
ǺǵسǽڽӵϢĵһʱ䣬ҲµĹǰǢ̸
ҲȦӣżɽıʾԼǱȨģ
ǸĹٶˣʶʵʥּ
ЦǼλǺͿˣʵ۲Ǽݱ𣿡
Ĺٶʱҭ
ǰ
˵ҳһţѾΪû˹ܵĹ¶ˣ
öû÷ۿſԹˣ͢Ҳû
ҷ·ĹٵﻰڵȺӵģֻҪȻгк׬⣬赣ǣ
ĹٶˣΪ˵󻰡
ضԶһĽȻԼ赣ݣЦ
Ȼȴûнôֻ࣬سȥسǽʵתǡ
سǵĽξٴ󽫾Ĳ£ѵξڴŶ֪Ͷҵ¡
֮ǰĹȥҲֻ߸Ĺٻ֮ǽܿ˾Žҵӭ˳ǡ
⼸ǳصĽеǰ£еҰ֡
ܿ죬ұ㽫ʮıȨС
ڱ˿вӴɢ±ӵһ󹤳̣ûһʱĥǸ޷սġ
󻻽Ǵɡ
̫ӵȻ֪£ȴûΪܶñȨҪͶĴԭسǵĴìܳͻ
ֻϧעҪʧˣ
ֶ֮£رļ죬ÿ֧Сӷֹȷεˣѡ
һָ´ÿ˶֪ԼҪʲôսǼΪҪġ
ϣѵ֮ұ
˻˾ͽݱسǣԴĮɱ˹ȥ
ΪڶҴұĻʵ˾׼ݱԱĮû뵽ұ˾Ȼʱ򷢶
˵Ҵ˶ԷһֱֲӽĮɱ룬ǳء
Ϣǣٳ
ڻʵۼݱȨѪȾǵ£ұ̫Ҫһʤȶˣ
̫˾ͽɸֱʱһʥּΪƽҴ󽫾Ʒ
ΪҵᣬȻг飬Ȼ̫ȴ飬мӡ
̫ӵԼȻʥּĻ¹ٻɫΪľ̫ӵ飬Ч̫ӡ
˭֪ЦЦĿǻ¹һۣ˿ûй½ּ˼
¹ٲɵˣʵΪβǰּ
ҵ̫ӵ²δǻʱּԲ˳
¹û뵽Լõظһʱ֮Щ֪ô졣
֮ǰΪǸò¡
Ͼּӹٽİ
˭֪ƺ飬ܽʥּ⡢㲻治
ڻ¹Ϊ֮ʱֵĮ״ܣٻؾ̫ӵ£
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¹еɵۡͿ͵ǲ̫ˣһô
Լùһˣ
аţϻ¹ٻøЦˡ
û취˼ҵĵϣòͷ
ǣ̫˾ͽΪԼʥּȻң򲻳ɣҲʾöԷ֪Լ£֮ġ
˭֪ҽȻûнּ
˼ȥ̫˾ͽɶòζĪǶԷΪԼûеǻɻʣûʸʥּ
ټԼĻһ̫ӽسн鷿ǻһ¡
һ޾
Σֻӵ̫ӾǻſȶġԶ̫ӵǻһ£ڳȻ顣
ܿգ³ˡ
ʵϣӣֱ³ʮʮԼ³ˡ
˾ͽѡһ
³ˣĸ¡
кܶ󳼲ףΪ̫ӵǫѷҪΪȻТԲŲڵǻ
ʵϣ˾ͽһС˽ĵġ
ĲȣܴԸⶼȻʵ¡
Լʱǻܴ죬Ҫޱȵ͵Ŭһν̯ӻǹĺ
ٵĸ£ѱĮϳұ
˾ͽԽԽӦӵԼģ򲻻Įϳұ֮ٻؾּ
ʱԼǻٲΪƽҴ󽫾ջеıȨһж˳
ǲ֪Լ˾ͽӽּöԷᣬʱң˼ȫδܱĮոʧĳǳ档
߹صĴɣЩոʧأȻƴʮ㣬ҧɱ
ǣľһ·߸ͽĮڽڰˣһʱ֮ұӵʿޱȸǣ
ݱһһĴؾǣϲ̫˾ͽԽԼӺǻľӢġ
µʱ䣬ұʾկ֮еʧȫ˻
Խʣկֻ˴կһΪǿӲѶϢͶɱ

929 һ

կҲ˽⣬կθӣҶ㲻ҵĻ¡
Ҹ˶ԷյĿʱ䣬Է𸴣Ĭ϶ԷǾܲͶˡ
ƵУ׷Ⱥӣ
߹صĸ񽫾ˣ㡢ôŹͽ
ʲôʱ˵ҪŹˣҵʡ
񽫾㶣㲻˵ҪƵ𣿲կˣ
ҹЦ򣡲аţ
˵ʲôļ򣺡ģҶͽһ򲻻Ĵ㵱կȫկͨ³򣬵ڱĮ˹ұǳصʱǿûٳɱ˴ұĲʿܲ
Ѵ˻ôˣѿڶĪָЩ˲ɣ
ͶĽʿ֪һ֧ɽɣ֮ǰս͵Ϯ֣˲ٹ͡
կˣöЩ˱Ͼ٣ôܴĹ
Ұаţ꽫ʣǽȺӳ״£ܲ
ʶֱͦˣܣ
ãȺӾͽˣļ
㶣ЩŹ֡
ô˵Ҳ곤ʮ꣬񱻶Էż´оǹֵֹġ
ǸƱˣʶľֻϹʱеķӦ
ӣʹҲСﰡ
Σֻҡƺһɽˡ
޺ֻͣһ±կɱˡ
˭֪ȴû´﹥ǷɢԲ֮ڵİϤߡ
ĪҪöң²⡣
ï֣᲻Υͣ
޺ЦһմȾѪˣȻ˵ɵĻկɱұʱѵΥͣе
ǰҲ˼ï΢죬͵öֻկһˮʱ޷סˡ
Ҳǡۺӣа취ⶾɣ
޺ЩͷĴߴ٣ֻܸɻǣôʲô
ǷΪ飬ֱ𳯲ͬķȥ
ûаȻãеĻȰ뿪
ԷȰĻٺ٣Ǿʹ͵֮⣡
˰һ˼򵥴ֱҲ쳣Ч
ϾƾĻҪ峡Ͳ֪Ҫʱˡ
峡ϣȻû´Щȥ֮⾯䣬κ̤һ
뿪ҺͺɽվɽԶԶկռǼɽ
ƣԿʼˣ˵⻰ʱ˷ܡ
ЩɵҪô𣿡
ѽ๼㲻Ҽƺ¶֮ɫסļ˵կ׾Ϳʼ棬ǲ£һδұ֮԰ܵô죬Ϊկöڳڵľ˶ƣկһֱǴұƽˣ죬ҼʶһǴڵ
ԴӺԶһ֮ұˣһֱҪʶһǸڵ
ĸλˣ¶һַԹȰɣ
룬ĬĬпտգտգһڡ
տղûеһʱִǷʵˣˣȷ
ƺԥĴȷ
տգˣܿͿԽռʮأѾоǧİʮˣһܾͿԽռʮʱͿͨۻֽʱմ󣬷ԭλ˰
ƳĬһ£˵ֿܣҲŻȥ
һûͳһƬߡ
ңҪߣҲҪҺͺһ𣡴ˣһ֣λΣ
տպܲԸɼֻ֣ƵʵˣǷİǧֶһһ̨
ƣǣ
տգϲ˳ɹһһ̨ʣһǧİʮ㡣
˵Źϲտȴϲɫһ֮ͻƤһͷ
ҲΣȴǿտյʱ
տձϾ࣬ʲôİ顣
ˣΪҪǰλͶһУ
ڳԼףԼʮ˸ŽһͺʸС
ƽڿڼͷһЩĩŮζݡ䡣
Ա߿۲Ҫָȴϴ˹ȥ·ֻǻӰһ㡣
ֻʹúʹƽһ䡣
Ķڣ红ӿ߰᲻Ųۣ֪˵ģֻһ죬һڣҿж󣡡
ΣðɣòҪֱӣΪеۡ
ҵͷʾԼˡ
׼կķ򣬺һȻ°
ֻһһһͬ磬կһɽͷͻȻð̣·˰һƬȼܴ
ƻ̬ĬţȻٴ׼կݡ
կÿɽͷϼð̡
Ũ̹˸˵İ
˷ܼˣ棡
ƴǳ鴤棿ǣ
ȫʹϣկǼɽͷҲϱƽˣܻȾ˰졣
ʱΧ˶ˡ
ʲôҺȥկŻ
ɼͩͣҲһӰѼɽ˰ɣ
ɻʱ򣬱㿴ͷӥ
ڴݷΧ˵źš
һʼұ˵ǹɽֻҪӵźʱȥɽΧɢկ˱ɡ
ԭǶ²һ¶Ȼɽȥʰжկˣû뵽ȴǷŻ
𹻴ģ
᲻ɽͺ˰

930 Ӯ˵

ʵϣЩ˵ĵЩˡ
ոկͷ֮ҹ㱩裬ɽĴˡ
ԭկͳʪɽľȼԱȼĴ඼˾סķ֮ġ
կ˿ٳסĵطԽ࣬ôյĵطҲԽࡣ
գկһһҹ֮˼ˡ
֮üʣΪҾÿ϶Ҳټ׷ɱ
ڼڡԼ˵Χ£ܻҲþ
Լһ·Σ
կ˵òҲܺñϣպҳǳУҲ϶ᱻһʱ䷢ֵģѰط
һƬƬ棬Ҳڸпҵһկˣ
ʰկҵ˱ӱ޵һ·ȥ󲿶ӻϡ
ĮһǱ˵ӣֻʧԼķȥ
ʵϣĮȻųʮʵϳĲû࣬붼ıĮֱġ
ЩĮյ֪Уұ˶̰ΪģǰկϣǴʮ˳±Į
ľһս˴ұʿ
ҲҪҧԷһĺݾӲıĮʿʱήһ룬ıĮ˴ӱһɴֻЩĮܹˡ
񣬱Įнп죬˵ĮǴӰ˴Ļһܵôҡ
۴ȥ֮󣬾Ķҡܶ౱Į˶û˴̵ͷֻշز䡣
ÿһνսУһֱĮʧ󲿶ɢˡ
Įڵʮȥ˺·ģֻʣʮ氢˴
ңʮ֮Ӱ˴ˣС˵ˣʣҲȫǰ˴ˣԼһ˱ڱĮŶѡ
˴￴Ŷ־߰Ĵұӣ֪һԼûʤ㣬ֻȷرĮͥպ㡣
ȻرĮͥû´ȷˣڲݺݸ˰˴һС˵Ҳ󣬰γ԰˴˻ӵ
ɱΪң˴Ҳˡ
ۿԼҪɥڴˣ˴ʣӿһɺ˹ȥ
գ˴ͬھʮĮҲƴĽʣˡ
С˵Ӯҡ
ʱ׷ĮǰʱͿ˵ЦеĿԼ·ȴǵһ㡣
סͣסŲһ˵ңң
ҵɽأ˵ЦеĿڡ
ҳĳС˵ʲô
ˣ绹ټģ˵ʼ磬˵ǻԸ챱Įͥ㣬ÿֻϣܴӦұĮܹԵñůϸǴұһҵӡ
Ҷ˱Į
ҵĸͬھˣҺź˵̯֣ǱĮΨһӣ˳½ΪĮҵĻԴĮͥ
ĮڧһְŵģȻ˴ͻ¡
Ϊ˴ողͬھϢûдҶУ֪˫ƴɱ˲ҡ
˵ΪĮӿһɹŹֵĸо
ⱱĮҲ̫׵𣿼ֱӮ
ٿԼΪҪұʵۣ߻ô꣬£˽ͷ
˱˰
ǱĮԸ⳼ǺһսڿԽˡ
ʧոܶཫʿѾûʼļ飬ֻսշع
˵Įʾսʱ
˵һۣĻҼסˣպһ˴Ÿģ
֮⣬ԼڻûȨλɹܴұ̸
˵ЦãҾ͵ȺĺϢˣڣ
˵꣬תͷ˫һУȥ
Ц࣬紵ɢ·ϲء
̲סƿ̽ͷȥԶ˵תͷƵķһ̧ۣ˻ӡ
Ҷʱڡ
ؾ·ϣҵ͸˵˵Ļ
׸ˣȻһ㶼ѹɼжݣ
ССͣĻôأյϱĮ㵱ϵĸ̸ҿ˵СӱҪгǸպҪ
ƣ˵պ϶ģʱԶ㣬ǧСӸƭˣһӻˮ

ƲɺЦҸֲ죬Ȼˡʲôˣôô
첻˵ˡôܸߺԼ˵ߵѴϢ˵˵Դ֮ҲʱεƣΪеɽ㡣
ԼǱ˰
һ뵽ƻСӵҾʹⷭڣ޲ý˵ˣ
ղΪ˹ȫֻ֣Ͷ˵ˡ
սұȫʤĮϳұʧϤջء
Ϣؾǣ˾ͽ˷ܵ鷿ȭͷ
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ϲ˳ü˳۵ĴϣĹȻ㹻ġ³顣
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ԱߵĴǶɵˡ
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ۿЩˮ㻩ţЦۣ㿴ؽϵǮⲻͻ𣿡
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ǸԼܵ꣬ʵĮλӦв˲ɣ
˾ͽҿնʱڣƣڵ𣿡

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ûʲôƣڱĮʲô㣿˾ͽҿסʵ
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ʱźһϳЩϹŶǿǶô㣬˵ļЩֻᱳ顢岻֪ͨļһҪǿ̫ˣ
ƵĻ˾ͽҿպܶС
ܿ죬Щоͱʥּһİ䲼ȥ
˾ͽҿǸеˣעµٵ˲ܻԵÿæµͬһ㡣
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ʱ䳤ˣЩҲ»ʵ۵һЩƢԡ
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ʵϣ˾ͽҿĵΪƳ˵òЦЦ
СĺڵĺܣʵһαĮкܶ෴ԵͬʾЩԵ˵ѹȥˣֺĺڣ˵ľˣ˾ͽҿĴ˵˵Ļ
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˾ͽҿԭЩ⣬ԶʱѹǱҲˣ
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ԴԼ˻ʺ󣬵ǾͶ˾ǶӣȻڳ٣ƾ˾ͽҿնԼӣҲ˸СԼҵˡ
ԼҾ˦ˣֻµͱȺ۸ʣ
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Ҫǣʹ˾ͽݵĸ
˾ͽݱ֮ͳ׷ŷˣһ֮ھܴ£ʱڸ棬Ҫúóʶ
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˾ͽҿվ˾ͽɼӦûǱ˾ͽеϽĵģ򵱳ôվ̫˾ͽأ
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챻ŵˣ˾ͽҿվȻζӻˡ
˰
ô̯ӣȻˣ

934 棨֣

ʵ֤˵Ǳ޵ġ
ֻҪƼˣʲôж
ʲôϼ羪㵵ĵɴۣŵĶ˾ͽҿա
һߣ˵Ц˵İֽұˣ
˾ͽҿջȻ˵ֻҪǸ³Ե£˵ҴұҲиү𣿡
£ܾؿһ±ȽϺã˾ͽݳ˵ո綼ˡ
˾ͽɼվ˾ͽߣ鸴ӣһ仰û˵Ϊû뵽ʥϾȻԼ
˾ͽҿѹܼûֱİ˦ֶˡ
ȫû뵽˾ͽҿվȻģ
˾ͽɼ֮⣬˶ǽӵʥּǧϹģ磬ǰɽˮ˭֪ȴõһ𾪵Ϣ
˾ͽݶܴ˵жһʾ䣺
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˾ͽݻûü˾ͽҿʸ˾ͽҿաԼӺ͹ʧӰˣֻһܺһʥּ
ܺҪ£һǻʺиϣĪú˱۸һ˵ǳȥ£ڲδ飬Ǿ˾ͽԼǻλ
ʥּ˾ͽҿնѾдˣܺһ
ܺ˾ͽֱš˾ͽҿղȥȻԼ֪ʺһͬȥĺôÿջʳСӹļֱɣڣԼȴҪЩͷջ𰡣
֮ǰ˾ͽҿհѳ÷̫˾ͽҪ͵Щƨɺת
硢˵Լ˾ͽɼҲһÿ۵۾ֱԭҪʵ۵λһɶֻҸ徲ĵطһ㡣

ұ˳̩񰲣ſ˰ļ٣յҲԽԽá
˵ұʢǰҹջ·ʰҲΪ
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ڵķۣ˵ͱ𷴿ˣϽλҲûȥ޶һȥˣ˵ĮǱһȪˮ𣿻ǸŮ˵Ըر飬޶ȥ
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˾ͽݲˣιι˵ûҸղŵĻλ㣬ҪҪɾû˰
˵΢΢һЦһҪҵɽȥأǱʹ֮УһӶɽԵˣ
㻹ФʺŲŻʵ۱»˺㣿˾ͽݵɴۿ
˵ЦֻҪһʺһܸɵĹѣʲô

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˵ƣ͵ǻ˭Ҳû㣡˻ʵԺŮҴӱĮͥʮòŮū񣡡
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һͳʮꡣ
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