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1 ˲ţ

ɪĳԾƽߣۼɫ΢
ñԴûǴ̶ȻĴĵ죬ĸڴŭѾ
һǰ촩㿪ʼ
ӱ֪ǲ˯ˣ𴲣ĴСģڴ⳶ɤһٻ
ĵڱֲ䣬Լסġ䡱ίʵܳΪ뷿һ﷿Ĵ߶ѷŸʽũߣͷͰӡצСЩõʱŪ׽ʲô֡
мֶ˺Щ̣ĵݡéݣڲõľġ
ڿŵĵطֶСɽķϸƤƤµڷԱ߻һСǵܲ
䲻ܳΪ䣬һͨ׵ơ﷿
ӱ´ѣһѿݲݰͷ죬վһ֡ռһͷΪļҵˮţһͷĸţ꣬һСţӴˮţţҽпʼӱͱˮţͬס
죬ţʧ𣬴ˮţΪռҵıһӴеþȣռ¸Ǹｫȳͱճɺ̿
ǱסˣһͷĳҪչ⣬ϵ·˺üҲдµİ̺ۡ
û֪ԭճƣߣڵ֮һжڵӱʵһִꡣ
˴ԽḽһǰٵֻһЩĪļƬҶԭġεʮ͵ļ䣬ҲμԼһ¥ŮӣԵٸȡˣεԼһֵľʿ
ӱ䣬ˮưˮˮò࣬ת˰éû
ĸϻ˫ۣ˸ڳſڣߴٵģˣѻӸãɵǮһ
ӱؽéŽӷãŵԱߵССרŴŻӵĵط
߶ʲôǻһӲǮżǵǮ
ʲôм꣬ǻҲʮ£ʮɲǾǴ뱲ˡ
ӱӻ˰éȥ֮ûǯƬҶȥѰ˼θľ
Ͽǲģûеñȥι
ӱ˼ľ飬ȷתʳͰͰϴˮʢ˴«ưĿʳֽʳʢ˴ˮʳϣȣͰȦȥ
-

2 ֵļ

͸Ȧÿ峿һʢˮ󷹵ǾͻῪʼ߽ûʱʳǽлͻԽԽۼһȫ˶ļʽٳɤӸ߽С
˵ιɨȦ
һҹȦĽֶ˺Щࡣ
ӱԼ˫ĸµĶѥԽˣɲŽȦ࣬üͷҧҧ´Ȧɨ
ιɨȦҪֻѼӷˡڷѼǰһǲֻѼһһѼƨɣܴӲǵδ£ܷţƨտǾ¹Էųȥ
ѼƨɵʱҲѼʺһѵѼʺЩûӱ
ֻѼռҵġҵĿһöѼǮֻ͵ʮǮպѼӲĸ߷ڡ
ӱѼӻسʱѾ׺ͷ¹һװڴɴﶪġ
ʱûΪװڴɴףײ˶ԳԵģֻмжܳԣǴĸϡĸҲֻȵζ˵ӱˡ
ϲӱס·ˣʱƲ˼ģʱʱҪʡ͵ôͷʡĻߡ
ռҵԭͲԣӱ¹鷬϶Ҫ졣
ӱ˼ѲԾǽµĴɨɨԺӣûɨ£Ͼ͵Ѿɨţ
һ£ʵ̷ȥ
ɨǣظţﶼʧЩռҵĴˮţˡ
ԭҵˮţ
ڴ˯죬ʱԺǰߵļ䲻Ǽ䣬ǼǵĶߣţﱻգòʱٵġô룬ôǿд߽临Ƹ
ģȴ쳣ļǵҹ£쵽ţ쿴ȴһӰһƹԡ
Ǽƹᱻݡ
ǸӰߵļϤһϵõˣôҲ䲻˭ɵġ
ţʧȻ⡣
Ҫɱһĺӣ˭Ⱥ֡
˵ţɾ͸Цˡ
Ʊ䵽ʹţŭĳѾͷҾ֪Ļǳģñס˴ˮţСţү򣬿ﲻƤ
ԭӱɨţڿˡ
˵ôˮţһӱͻǳҪ¶̥СţүͲ㡣
һСĸţӡСţүӡһ뵽󣬾ͻмӵĽֵúϲ졣
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3 û

ôһǮɲ
ϵУûȥţ߽˴ӵķ䣬̧־һģ̫ɹ׻ˣϱôɨţչţˡ
һ̣ǰѾĻϱ⼸ϲˬѾȥա
ϱɷĻɷƫԼһڣһĽ֮ɫ
ϵѾȥ𣿾⸱Īţţﲻ¾Ҫ̣̥ɲЦ
ţﲻǴˮţȻһͷĸţơţƺǾˡ
ʱӱĲϰߣǼ߲ˡӱԼգǱպµİ̺ۣӿݣǵԼʱýЦǼң˱Ҹˣ
ֻǵ⡣
ɳɳ
ӱװûŴɨ㽫ԺҶɨɾ
ҶǲܶģöѵԺĿյϣɹװؼҵʹ
˴ӡӵķţԭ뽫ϱɨţգӲһûʹ
ɨȦţĻȥ꣬ȫĻȫҿִֻ͸ճƵģ˭ûûĺӣһ˸ĸɨǡ
ûûĺӣ׵ʱûˣ˵ʱһ˼췿ȥɽæ̧ľͷ¹꣬ϻɽˤѰʱѾϵĴ˼ӵİǮ¾ҹˡ
ʮʱһҲûˣ᲻øǰȥɽ˲ҩа˷Ϸʳɻûܱסϵ
ûûĺӣûۡ
游Ůޣֱ˵Ӷû¸֡
ĸǺ޲ýӣҪǿǰòƻԸ
ԭﲻ࣬Ǹͷɻˣû˺󣬻͸ˡ
ӱʢ÷һʢ鷬ϡȡһ̲ˣԼķſڳš
ʢˣ˻û
϶һķ߶߶ȫ˶ٻιѼӡɨӣ⵽һ˯ڴϲⶼʲô
ӱɵĻϾƤһָһ£ʵ˵ӱҲɵġ
ӱǰǸľګӣЦҲĮȻûռ˵Ļɡ
ðշӱڵСԼһŴݡ
С·ϣСˣСӻͳһϴ÷׵չͷһ磬ɢζķ
-

4 

СʵûԱɣһˣҼķԣҿġ
ǸڸСûûǸ첡ˡΪУЩûȥʮ»̥ѲʮŶ˵ûˡ
ӱ˵Ըĸƽó֪һ̥һҲǶŮ˫ȫ
ǰԣ˵кͽдŮͽСֵǶˡ
ϵȹĸӵϲź󣬶ӱչˡһǰӱϱճˮݣˣҲｫӵչˣֱǰ˵˺ˣϲŰӱӻؼҡ
ӱûԱӹСлл
СЦ΢΢ذ˰֣㲡һ˵Խˣ˵ԽԽˣǸˡ
Ҹ绹˵ʲôӺҲһͨƵһû˵һ仰ȴǶˡǰ޸ׯĺɵӣΪֱݣɵӵ游ĸ׶Ʋ㣬µˡ
ǺɵӶʮ˻Ҫ򴲣˵Ҫʲô͵УҪˣز֪ļҵĹҪù
СӱҲԸһЩ֪в˶ԡ
ϽãϲźûշӱʱҲӱйȥƺĽ
ӱһ߳ŷһʵСִɶûУҵ¡
󣬾СԼһЩ¡
СƬ̣˵ģ˵ﵱ޵ռңǴ˼ױģʮĶϵһլӡϻأѰҾ˾˽͵ƲǴΣӵǴĺԺլӣɼǵã
ӱ˵ͷ
ʱСﻹ˵˵լסŸ˼ҵӣǸԬҵĹӣ׺˷ݼҵ
˼ҵӣҲҰǿ̫ࡣ
˵ĺԺլӾļױĸǸڸšʮ궼ûףԭ׸ģȢȦ
ĸûģҲûõģ׸ײ£ĸ͹ˡǰҪá
˭֪¼ҵɥ¸հ꣬游常ܵ¼ȥֱ֣˵ӣ˶Ҫˡ
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5 Լ

ûӣϵʮĶլӣǿɽׯ
ñʮĶ˶ʮĶеլӵǮǼҵĴլӣȢĸҲױӡ
ռʮĶأӱ֪ģû뵽ĶʮĶеﾹϵļױסĴԺӡ÷Ҳϵļױġ
ǵϵĺãȴϸûˣϿ˷Ǹ˸ĸɨǡ
ϻЩҽϵĽʮŶҽӵ£һӾܱĸƽƽЩ꣬û׬ǮǮ
ϵ˵ϸģʱռãֱڣոʱʱϵŮա
ӱա
СͷʲôϢٸ㡣һ£㡢ĸףĸ˵ƼׯĹɩãƹ𻨡Ҫ޻˼ȥ˵⣬󲮲ͬ⣬ӺҲǮ˼ʵ
塢ĸѰôõŮΪǵı£ΪȹǮ̫̫˵ڣǮҵľ̫̫ΪҪմȢϱ㡣
ӱ¶㵡
ʲôϵ
׵ҵĹϸȢһƼҹﲻ˵ҲȢƼҵģϱƣǰдϡСϣһǽССϣǺһϡϡϡ
һƺӱˡ
С治֪ǼǸ֮ңǮҿָĴ֮һǹٻңϿǳүġǮҵļ飬Ҹ˵¶ŵŵĴ١
ֶǮǮҲҴĹӡָֻҪѰõģѰŵĵ
Ǯ̫̫Ϊ˺ý˵ռҹòãﵱľ֮ͬմȢΪ
˰죬۲£ΪԼбµģµร
СһԺ֪ӱ϶֪¡
϶ӱСֿţôøǰµļ͵ơûУôţʧ?
ӱãԼʧݣռйϵŪþ˹ŻĿľΪ˻ݡ
ò桢˼ңͲԼĶȢһݵĳ˹ֻȥ
ӱСô˵ȹ˺ܶࣿ
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6 

СͷǴкӵ˼ңļûܹĶݡΪãһʬ־ǵ̵նĶ飬˵˲
ҰգӶһΪһֱϵĴ㽫رӱϡ
ӱź󴩵ĵһ·ģС˹ѣ͸ӱҲһ
ô֪£һֳ뻯ĽĶģ
Ӵ︾˵֪ϵ˽ʮ꣬ûӦԲ˵Ĳѵ״ܱƽӦԡ
źӱľǡżׯСʯϱûˣڣͲһʬˡ
ӱС˺ɽŸѾڵͷķڣҶæڷˣûˣݿô
ǰҵĵǰҵֵܡֶæʱͽĶصķոɾˡ
СƳӱĵǣЦ΢΢صһȥҾ˼ҵķشݡ
ӱ𣿡
СĸͷԲô٣ǰ˾˵˵Ǽҷ½ˣȥҵݡ
ｫһصķˣô£ȻûиӱݣͷҪ
˿̣ﱳű¨һɽŵС˼ҵĺμׯСѰ˼ҵķأӱһݡ
ش·ϣС˼ͬĴһӱ˰̵¶ɫ
С߼ӱСһʶʵϵƲͺˡ
СﵣӱѹСûвģǰúãһ˺۵˭ܣǰҪ޸ɵӣڷøǲǣ
ӱ̾ӹ˺ɵӣ´˭

òģ뿪ռҾͺ
СæСһģ̡뽫ˣҴϢһ㡣
Слл㣡
СЦɬͬӱ
ǰǼʹӱúÿǳ֮ͬӱš
϶ܸɵˣб£׬Ǯռµĺӣǵ͡
뵽ԼΨһŮź󣬻øʹѾͷһÿ𴲣ɵñţ࣬Եñè٣Ҫ
ýÿղ廨Ｘͬ˵иĸţֵܰģӹñСﻹڡ
-

7 پ

μׯɽɽׯ
СûأС㼸ʱؼң
ӱôȥСȥˣ϶֪ͷ棬ؼٲҪ
ӱ죬ɽĺЩҩˣȥڲҩ
Сһ£ȥΣյģϻȥڲҩû
ûɣ
ҿǷģǵܣ֪ڲҩ¡
ӱϻشμҾ˾˵ȥϣһĲҩһٶʮǮͷķСʮġ
˵ĺãСȻ˵
˹ͬܣСӱ͸ˡ
Сǰѱ¨ŵҼҵڲҩȥҰӣͷҷЩӸ㡣ôһ¨ôãÿԽ
ӱ˵ͷ
ɽׯɭֺܽףɭ֣ɽҰƫȡôɽи˺ڷ˺ԱǰصسǣϽֶȰ˸ӡӿɽׯص߰ɽ·
Сһͱõģӻͳ˲Ĳӱ˻ּĹﱼȥ
ɽҰҡҰɽ髵Ĺϸ۹ò˶þͻջ
ӱһСﶼ֪СɽóҰٱȡҩҩʮǮģװҩҩ¨ҲǮġ
ʱ֣գּз紵
ͨصĹٵϣͻȻתһ󾪽ˣ
ɽּ·ϣһɱۣɽ·ʡSͣһǰ壬Զ£һȥ˵ˣҲܻˤ
ɡʮɡʮɡ
С˼ӣӡ
һͷ¶һ½۵꣬ŵò԰ѪڼۣΧľ󵹣ôٶȣһȥҲˤзϡ
ӣ
Сﾪ΢С졣
֪䣬һֱֱȥλ幫ӿ϶û
ɡɣС˼ɤӴ󺰣ӣղס
˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ͻ¸εӰӯ࣬һת˶ͷϣ߽ͣ£ͣ£㲻ܣȥͻǡ
һħ䣬ܾڱ
ּٵһͣ׵귢ٸ죬һϮۣ£һӣȻľګûκεʣһŰҹһˮԸ¥ˣ
-

8 ð

ʹһϮ磬ϸһԱӣһҩĹｫסˡ
ҩĹ
ǣɫ黨ͷϻҩ¨ȥֻʮģɽҰ˼ҵĹԲͱҪ
ʮ꣬Ѿʮˡ
Сʹر۾ӻˣҲѵҪɥɽϡ
Ȼͣˡ
ϵĹӲ˼ؿϵŮϸϸشһҪ
С¿ҪװҰĲӣҰƵرɽŴ
ּ䣬ܾз˫ɽ
ϵĹӾδĿСҰ֮С
䣬Ȼ˳úÿĹӡ
֪ļҵĹӣֻݲǮҹӲ
ӱԽ󲻾ãһɽɲҩһߣһֱۣȥΪ뿪ˣɲúߣ߳ͷҪʲô
߹ȥͷʯһͷɽΡ
ɽﲻ֪жԻҩˣ˭ҲûʯɽΡ
ɽαɹһش
ҲʱӱطԼƺ붯һֱܵ׺͸УҲǣϹӣһ⣬˹෴ǣܵõջ
κͷԼĲͬƺ붯ܹ֮ͨĻҲܿ˼
ӱϣ²ߣֻһɲͻȥǰ̫Σˡ
˦˦βͣͷԱ߶УֻƬ̾ͽ¡
ϵ;δãС˲ҾֵʹγƺҼҹӣҼҹӶųл
ӱҪ𻰣ֻСǿɽׯŵС
СﱨԼ֡
ӱЩ⡣
Сѧӱӣӡ
ԶͶˣ΢΢üȻص˵Ĳ滰
֪
˵
ƾӾ֪˵Ǽٻ
ӵ۾Ϲ꣬оȴǰδеҿˣҿͨжϣ۾ȴܿϵĹӣ󣬶һΡ
¥ͷһǳ۹ӣһȷʵÿһƯĽü߲
ټϲ׵ݣôźȹŮĶ
ӣǹﱨĲԼգ
ɽҰ֮֮ʸ֮ˣοྩ֮ء

-

9 ж

ˣοԼ
ˣֻ¡
ʧȥ˫ۣٸߵ书ٺõĲѧѾˡ
СЦСͷҪ֪Ҫˡ
ССźͿˣΪʲôСﰡ
ӱ
ȵĹҾһݣлһգл
ӱصӿ֮ͣҳݡ
ֿӵ˶ȻʱȴٸӻǣС
жˣ
̴Соݡ
¹ӵл棬֪֪еʲô
磡
ӱһζҩݵ֣һ˵꣬Լסˣִ֪ҩ֮Уûζҩ֡
ԺһƬϣһŮڴסһܾ֮
䣿
̫ˣ
ǰģǰֻʮ꣬ء
ӡŮȴǶʮ꣬òü˽оʡ
ǸֵŮӣĪǰʶˣߵļԶĵطسǶδȥ
СϷʵصλӣǸˣ㻹ûСʲôأ
ӱȭҼҹǸĪĵճӣߡ
Īϵ֧ѹݲףǵģʲô¡
¹ӵ游ͣ¡
СɫԵôôĴҵĹӣŵڣɲѰܵõģǽύĪңҲֳ;
뵽˴Сﱼ˹ȥӹ壬壬̴Ҷһͼֵƣͷ룬𣬡СһƱ壡
Լ֣ֻĪ߹Ϊӱš
Ī߹ӵ»Ҫǰأлʹ˱
Զ˾ؿĻ档
Ī̴ǣǰͷ
СȴûҪӱ˼
ĪԶ߽ӱСǼʱѧ书ģ
ʱӱԶǰң游Ǿ˾ԱھְнʱҲ˾˾ԱǲӵĿйߣ־Ǿˡ
ǰҽСʱĸܾʹĥҪҽ˽ʹ־Ըʱ游һ֣־Ըҽƴѧ˾ѧ
-

10 ż

ֱõ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬žԼһжˡ
ֺͬĺ󱳣ýڰգ
У˷ҽרҵϢ˲˲£˵ŵɹΪҽרҵһѧ
ӱɨСϵ壬ƺСС
СڨɫСˣһЩǮƸлǮƣĸҲ㣬ǳ֡ýǵĶС֪ģҡ¾ͼˡ
СǮƣܻѹǮˣ˵ܺЩ꣬ٹꡣ
ٽһ˵ŪöԷľ֮Ϊ檣ǰ˵һź¡
û뵽ƵСﾹ˼
ӱżĴҵĪңǵ֧Ĺӣ㡭
Īҵŵ̫ߣǵ̫͡
һ׮Ե
ӱ¡
С֪˼ҾһɽҰũҵĹ䲻ϲֻһ۾ϲܼ޸ΪҲˡ
ֻһأҲֻһۣСͿĪ߹ˡ
һ飿
ӱҪ˵Сק䣬С㣬յ£˲֪࣬㡭Ѿ˵ĹøңҴԸҸлһӡ
Ѿ䱨ȥˣ˵¾ġ
Ҫ֮Ҳʲôǣκιϵ
СڼСлл㣡лл㡭
ʮִ꣬ѧСѿ񼣬ϲӡ
Ī߹úãһƤңúõ˶ȥ
áúûòȢһɽҰŮΪޣ
ӱ޷С뷨
СҲһӣȫ㡣
˵ģٶ࣬ԵҲʮ֮һɣһЩؼҽС
СӱСҾ֪á
Ǹм
ӱСһǾ䣬żҺŵϱҵҾ͸ѡ
СǮˣҲǰյӺù̫࣬ҲѰռңҲԸҾĪ߹ӣƾܻҲͬûʲôŵҼĪϣܰҸˡ
游ҵҸ磬游ͬʿˣΪʮĺ򲹹ԱΪǼûŵ
ҵΪ˿нʿȾ˷纮ˡ
Ҹ磬ĸ˵Ҹ游ж츳ˡ
-

11 

ɽҰգлʶȨˣҾͲܷ֣ΪҡΪԼΪҸ磬ұô
檣ҲԸ
ֻҪĪңܰϸ硣
ֻҪнʿıһְٰ̡
ֻһ磬ֻһãһӣΪ˴˵̡
ĸײĽ˸żңҲıһõģ֧Ī߹ӣԶʤ֮ӵǮӡ
ӱʵյ£һõģ
С˵ʲôأ³ͻȻһõġ
Ǵð֮ŮͷǮ̫̫ΪŮж֮ģΪմӶ¡
ʱС룬ΪʲôԼûһճá
ܶճƵݣΪʲôðճƵľ֮
ǲϸõӣ˲Ϊ
ӱСȰѹӷֺãһȥǶ㡣
ãЩŶ
С壬ժӣ¶һüۣӽְֹԵؼңĸסú˵£Լı
¥ɢȥ
ӡ
ӵĪϵ֧߹ӡ
ĪϿǴ壬úöģĪϵ֧Ĺ
ӳλСĹﶨ򵥡
ֻһۣ͵ж׼ȷ˵֮ҩУֹסܾƾݵʶͲѰġ
¥ˡ硯ǲܿƵģƫסˣµĹǲס
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12 

֣ΪʲôһЩԼļ䣬ߵļôҪȻԼѰ˲ҩҩĤ
ֱۣʮ죬µİ̺۾ǳ࣬Ĩһʱ䣬Ʋˡ
ϵİ̿ȥϵĻŵĺá
ӱѰ˸СͲҩֽͲѰϸϸذá
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ҡҡͷЩΣʱʱӿһЩƬϣ֪ô£
صҵͷʱСѾĹӷֺˣԼһ룬ַӱһ롣
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ˣ֪ӱܣ֪ӱϴεһ¨ҩһٶʮģҩⶫĲ󣬲¨ɹһ¨ʱࡣ
ӱÿ춼ܲһ¨Ҳ˵ÿ춼ʮĵĽҪռ֪˵ݣûݣò绨Ҳ᲻ýôһҡǮ޳š
СҲ˵ܣұܡ
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ռҴǰʱ֡
ռȫ𴲣ռĵոǿɽ˽ӵʮţÿ׬ЩÑá
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󷿡Ķϱϱһ۵Сۣ˭ҲԸ³Ƿֶ࣬ûԸɡ
ΪѵصˣҲûˣ¹Ĳ˶ûˣܲû󣬰ײˡ˻ǲ硭
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ķˣҲ֪ȥĶݡ
ΪôݣϲŽߡ
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Լҵķˣ˵ؽѣϵ׼ҶƳʳٻιˮţ
˵˺Զ·ԭ뿪ˣԺʱͼһټı¨ѹһСϣ·Ĳһ¨ݣһɽ¨̫̫С
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13 ʾ

ӱԺţ¨﷿ſڣصһƨϡ
ĸ˲٣Ҳ٣ǵӰһһӵĸ˸æģȫʡ׵СױеĲɷӵѣ˸˯ѻиýྐྵӡ
ڱ¨ǰҶԱ߷һֻ
ӱ֣һÿβ˹ӣҲŷһݣƵӰӡګƣ᷿ſˣЦӯ˶ЦӱһĪ
ЦʵѾۻ˰ɣ
ӱû𻰣ɻ
ڼûеλһǻ֮˼ӡ
ͻȻãһҲϰߡ
صãǮʹ˸˼ȫǼõġ
Ѳɣƻһϣ
ⲻܰ
Ȼߣźûʱˡ
Ȼˣ˵˾䣺ǰСˣΣ
ӱδ˵ͱķ䡣
ΨһŮСʶ֣Ů죬Ȼҫ棬λүľʱ䣬ӽڼ档ϢҲܼ￴ء
ƽԼװѵĴӳţϷɫĳУȫǺﴩӡ
ӱЩɣƵѶ࣬ΪϵʱжʮӵޣСΪֺ߼޵СӣûƯСϻƼΡ
㣬㡭
ҲС׺ֻǣõҪ֣ﴩ£ǰεܴ࣬ϡ
ĸŮӣ߳µֲϹȥʮ꣬ɫʽõĸԼҵֶŮЩͲֵľѣԼ򲹶
ӱܾⲻʲô£
Ц㿴ļļ
ΪǶãܼǮ˼ҵĶӣµ񣬿ɾǱ˼ҵıʽȥΪʲôͽմɲ
ӱܾﲻԣͲܵõ𰸣׳ŵǳɫģ˼ӻɫģʱȻֻһʹ״
Ȼģѣԭɡ
뵽ĸ׵ĶǿԼһĨЦ⣬޵ǮңʲôĺûУýţ˼ϣһЩ⡣
磬϶ҪӲˡ
˲֪ɼĳ壬˭֪Ǯôģ
ֻǮΪ˱أԭб
-

14 ׻

ֻǮΪ˱أԭб
Ѿȫ֪ٶ
Цŵãʱ˵ûи鼮ֻʲôģ
鼮ֻ
ôһʣӱϲʱǲ԰׵Ĳݣֻ˵һ䣺ţƤѥ㡣ͷ˲޻㶬ʱʹϣö˽š
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Ƶ룬ûԵģ鼮ֻʲôĶɣ
ӱ¹Ź֣úõģƴϵ鼮ֻӣ־ڱصá
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ӱõ˳ˮۣ鼮ֻ˵ϱլǴ󲮸ҵһ棬ȷʵЩ鼮ֻˣǱ˻Ǳ󲮸ˣﲻҸˡ
ǰļֻ˵˫ţƤѥӵ£ƺѥӺҪԵģӲᶼûһ䡣
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15 ıױ

ܷ˰֣ˣˣȳȥգһ˾
ѰǮҪ鼮ֻޣôãԭǶŮ޹ȥģôҲôϼϵĶС
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ӱûеȣ֪ʲô£ûأΪĻµ鼮ֻ
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Ѳɣѥﻹʲôܣ
ϽŮĹ뷿ϷţǿǸ̰ĵģƯȹǿǼģǰΪ˸˵ףģûء
·ӣÿɼϲѣڣȥǴĸҲʡѵǮ
߾ǸѾͷñʹֶŮ
żصô죿Ҹղ̽õĿڷ磬˵鼮ֻլʱ֪Ǳ˻Ǳ󲮸ҵˡ
мһ֪ⶫ϶˵Ǳ󲮸ȥ󲮸Ǹ˾
ڴ󲮸óˡ
Դһصϵ鼮ֻǮô뵽Ҫױ
˵ҫŶ룬һ
׽Ůķ䲻ϹأŲ߽ǶɩͷֵǮ漣ྩȨϲ漣Ŀɲ٣ǮҸˣϵ͵漣ֻ鼮ɱǮá
ϵֻ˵ɩྩĹŮǧͷס
ྩȨ֮Уµ˼û˵ҫ벻ʲôµġ
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ҡҡ¼ңΪྩȨּ֮򸮡ЩȨͷûһµġ
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ƽûֻŮҪǮСˣҫ䣬ҡ֫
ҫһͷʸףУǳǮӴҲС
ϵƾʲôҪֲǴ󷿵ģǶġţɩҲûˣܵãҲܵáûӣһѾͷЩ꣬󷿰ѾҲǰæġ
-

16 ׷

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ӱԴԽ˴ֻ鼮ºܹŹ֣ģϸѣɵȵ緹ҲӰ
磬ӱóŴţݣǸˮţҹļϣ̣ݼʳ
ţݣСǲȥġ
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17 

ӱͷţݣҫ桢츸ӽո鷿
鷿鲻ֻ࣬һܣǿ鼮ϹֻֻϲûƲǺֱʡ
Ӷÿһ鶼δŹѰʲôѵõ漣ɷ˸飬Ҳûرġ
Ŀڼϵֻϣ˰ΣҲûкβͬ
ӱһ¨ţݣһߣԼּѰ˸ӣϰȭŲã﷢װѽ졣
ּ䣬һװĬĬعעһС
ûƳɽҰ֮أһ书һһʽʵãûа㻨ӡ
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ӣǹɽׯϣ游ոǿɽׯ˽ӵոϥӣչڡմҡҫ档
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18 

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¼һλҽ̫֮ҽԺԺһְ¼˵Ρ¼ܵ˳ȨɽҰյӵ뾴ء
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ҽ棬ɵؾϼ֧˴Ρ
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19 ñ

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20 ռ

ӱק׹ͻգһһƯͥԺ֮У䣬һ󷿼䣬ǽֻܵʮľ֧ݶһҩɹҩĵĵʯ
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뵽Լ˸ֻԺȵǮһӿĴ򴰻ˡ
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ſڣ˫ֲǵصغ˶֣㴩˶ã⹤ĥ䣬ιˡ
-

21 

ӱôϣҪ˿ڣԽ˵ûûˣת˳ӴŻӵŻӣ˰é
ģûˮҪˣǲǴѹá
ӱɲѵȼéȡˮưˮ
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Եģӱܵˡ
ιéݾȥιľȥϲòԳֿһӱֱðƿڴѾ㲻ܰѻȥιҪ￴Ъˡ
ӱݲģƽ̣ղ˵ˡ
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һԻ
㲻̡
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ӱԼһ࣬ǰʮסңڲϣСչСС˼ʹӦˡ
ɲǷ˵ģ͵ǻĸŮչĶա
Ȼĸ϶жһһ룬⼸꣬Ҫշӻøѡ
̣˵࣬ʵұࡣ˵˵ңͣб£ƫƫʱûˣʮʱҲȥˡ
˶˵ҵԭ׸ģʮĶϵˮһլӣ鼮ֻһ䣬Ǯ
ĸһޡ
Ѿͷʲô֪ˣ֪ļױ񣬾ǺϡϡϡСĸ˵ļױҲûһ˵ĺ
ӱŴɨ㣬ɤţѧϵ߶߶ˮһٶʮӣصɽׯóɶʮĶеˮǼֵˮļױ
լӱӣصɽׯͽһլ
ļױռ¹˺ӡ
ûۣȫѡ
ȫ£ױˮֳĴסأʲôӣÿǼڶ𴲵ģȴһЪϢ
ѽʲôµˮլӣƫһҪסӷƵıӣɵѡ
ϴ˿ɵۡ
ǷַЩ±ӱ֪ˡ
ɽͶ˵˼䣬ӱͿʼˡ
ǲǽ̫ãҪˣ
-

22 ˺

ӱˣȫ¶ӲƾʲôԵñè٣ɵñţ̱࣬ĳԴӣȻӣ˺֡
˵׶Դ߳ϵ˼Ҷж
峤ӻģ峤ϱӣѲһʬ˴Ӻ궼ûжô峤˶ҪˣϽɽҩ峤ϱֻ˺ӣһٵ˸ӡ
ڵСռƮǰϵĴɤţȴӱ
˭¶¸ģ
Сﴹͷ
СǴˣռЩģĺģСôһ֣ռһը
ƾʲôѽΪ¶ųԱůˣȴҪ̱¶׹ŮŴ˼ҵĹأļױֻĶŮܵá
ռЩʲô
ϵĵ׹Ѫֻһ
͸ӱĶ
Ǵ˼ҵĹأռҵĹء¶ûˣնҲˣСһûûĺӣռҾ͸ڻһ
㲻ǳ˵Сϵ˶࣬СѰżҡ
СӼҼңռҵ£㵱֣ܲ
С۾͸ǰͲӱһźá
ռЩˣǿ͸ˣϲ۸ˣԽǺ۸Ǿ۵Խ
ո£ӱĻһࡣ
ȳճƣں˵ʲô
үүǶˣ鵱Ե·ˡռҵĶʮĶˮǲģլǲԼļױǮģ¼ҵЩҵ׵ǰ˭ģٸſɶоڵģ
ӱ֪Щ£ƾ˵ЩǸ̵ġ
ֲʶɲᶮͷ
ո׽֯ûʲôŮƤѿ
ӱүү˼ʮ˽һЩǮңɼܹϳԱůӣĹˮݣƾŽ׬Ǯá
ռң˭ĺãˮϲĵףĽǮסǮש߷ûûĺסţסӷ
үүû۸˵ģߣͷֵܽ˭ҸɵĻࣿסķƣԵķ٣ģү˵һ䡮նϣ飬Ը׺䶥
-

23 

չû˯㣬ģӱˡ
ŭһճƣֹûУ㶮Т游
ӱչڣҿɲģģ෴ļױǣǳ˱ٸұңҾ͵ùԩ
㡭㡭
չûӱֿˡ
ã
Ʒռȴ棬ǺϡϣȻˣͷȴãҲˡ
СӺŪöϰ֤ݣ˵ЩǼ٣һšɡĸţױ׶Ů̳У޶Ůߣջؼױߣɹٸջء
һֿܣ⸾飬ִС
ɵӣûģУҲ౻ٵ
ʵ䣬вķķϥֻŮӣӼ¡ķ˲ʮ㱩жԳΪüױϽø浽ٸ͢жǵ׹ѪŮȨֵķ˵һļױױķŮƽ֮֡󣬵Ůĸ׼ױŮƽ֡
ҫ³Ծ¡
ⰸӺ䶯һʱʵڵʱʹ˰⣬ѧӽ۶ϣ˵µĺȡ
һͳºҺźլ˽ֶβʧ߱ȱȽǣһЩ檸ı֮١
ķ˼ױ᰸ĸǱӵﶾӼڵ£ֶķ˵Ǽױ˼źֶɱ˵ޡ
аӲʧ˵ճӵݣûõһļױֶĸ
ӻȻּܷױǼױ͹ķ˵Ůƽ֡
ⰸԣڣȴӱ˵¡
֮󣬴ﳯưմ˰ж
ǴӿռĲ￴ͷᵽ˾鿴ķ˵ʬǣȷķ˷ǲʣж¼¼УӱһŪռˡ
ʶ֣ϵУ̹ռȢŵĶϱϱͷΨһһʶֵģﲻ࣬ĵ͡
ⶨ˽ӱӣ֮µģ˴峤ûеڶˡ
峤мϴҲû¸߸ӱ
˵ģĸŮֲʶڰѧ飬ҪȹڲŻҲڼң֪Ҳܸ߸ӱ
ӱصΪЩסˣסţӷҴƵѣķҹŵĲ´Ьģ
-

24 

ոָӱ!ϣռһŮ
ǵŮҲǱǱƵġʮĶˮլʮ׬ĽǮһ黭ӵޣôһʼױ㹻ҳԴ
ҿɸǣҪӣҪסӣҵﻹ±ӡͷϵľһҪȹӽʼҿԸɻҪǳԴͷ̱ңҾͻȥֵһɢ
̱Ҷù
һڣһ黭Ǳңļױ
ƴճƣ룡
ûϵ黭μǮҡ
Ǯҿ˵Ҫϵ黭ױģӱ˵ƴ£˵ҪЩ
ӱһͷƵķ䣬үү̣ӽʼҪסӣլģס᷿һӲְգ
ƴȣճƣɿ˹İ˸գֻžžӱĵƵϣʱӡ
ˣ
ô졣
ǵȫҳ氤Ĵ
һ£ۡһ޳
ҫ
һۣһ§סŮ
ݺݵճƣ̫֣
ʲôǮһǰǵоͽⶫƸҡźµνһҵģﻹһңҵʹѾͷãһְռޡ
ռ˲֣¶̫࣬
Щ꣬Էԭ͹ˡ
ӱͷӸµص˼ױӣͷиùýӡýҲһݣҵףĸеĶҵˣ˱ص¸ص֤ͷĶвء
ױӹؼʱ֤ݡ
Ҳ˵ӱʲô֪Ҫֳȥԩġ
Цζ󲮡塢硢ɶΪٵˣֳ֪Ůռױ£ǵ᲻𰡣
ˣͱһ
ոľӺ
Ϊˡҡͷû¹
ѡִⲻȢ̼ŮȢżҵĹﶼɡ
ƫϵϣ̫֡
˵ʲô׸̫ӲǰմŪؿɽׯţʵ򲻾Ƶϵķױ
ɡĿɿڴ
-

25 

򳤳һӱҪԼķ䣬ҪĲķ䣬ҪƵġ
ոԼˣлú˵ҫ棬һķøСߣٸСѡ
ӱЦүүΣ̡ȥЩҲû
⻰ڣϲԼϵİ˿ӣʽһƾǴӴ˼ҳģϲûҫ
ⶫϵޡ
С಻ԼǰŵİȦĶڽȥ᲻á
ӱڿռ﷢µļױӣͷдƣû֪ܿﲮɩǴƯԭϵĶ
߽ϣ˿ϵĽ˿ɩⶫļױժҡ
ҡ
ϽͰ֧֧ͣɷɽ㲻ᣬǧ㲻ʡ
ɩ۸ŮãռŶļױԼվԼģЦñץסϵ֣ǿҪժ¡
һССӰɳһײӱĶϡ
ˣɽĳӣ˿һСĹģǷŭޡصӱ
Сײһ²ģȭͷӱ
ƣˮʳӽӣµΨһŮ
ɽã˺棬˼𣿡
ôû˼˼úܡȻ֮ΪҪˣԭǿԲҪǵ˵ĺã۸ˣӱ˻۸Щ꣬ǿˣЩ˾Ӳ
ճ޺󣬲Ҫң
ӱЦ
żۣռ˵ӣ֣Ϊҵġ
żǰѰʲôˣҵֶɵӣ常׼Ǵ˼ΪѾͷˡˣĳ·
Щ£еء֪ģ
ˣ˵ɵʱмıýǺϣ峤Ҳ֪ģʱ峤˻¶񶾣˵ǰռ˶£ռҵݼҵɶϡ
ϲ꣬ǾҪϵŮ޸һɵӡ
ͷһת׼ϣɩӣɩȦǲǶժҵĶ
ɽյӣӻΪУΪʮֻӴ
ůĻժӡ
ӱӹֲֲǰոµģ˼꣬ˡĩˣش뻳
ϻӣСϲòԼϵȦժ
-

26 

˿̣ƻĸСһػ˫ذ׵ϣһƮ̻İ䲻ֵǮһҲüʮӡ
ǰϻ˵ҪӵƵļױ˵ڴһһ档
ӱ㣬ĶﲻԳŵڼҵĹƼҲЩΰգռ˵ĶͲŶȥаͶ͢ȡˣȡвŸߣصвء
ҫ˵ߣ˿̰յƣ
һߵæҿûĶһҲûУĶͱˣСʱǸӡ
˫˫ⷢ
Ҫڣӱһﶮҽ岻ãÿɽҩҼҩҩͷץҩҲ˽Ǯץҩ
һûүү̵Ļûô󲮡ӣõԼǮʲôʸ˵
ԼǮŮԼǮŮƲܷ
ƻԼĲӡ
ӱһ߽סһӣͷǳ񣬵̵
ҵģСʹţѾ㲻
չڡɽ޵ҧгݡ
ǻ֪ˣ͸˼޳ȥ
ǰųúãʮټޣܶЩ
һӵ뷨Ǵġ
ģļױ˼ҹ²壬ʳ˾£žĶʮڣһܳԱͲǮļױ
꣬ΪȢǳӵĲ񣬴ﴩһţ͹ˣױֻһġôǰûĸ߶߶˵ô
ƲӱԼأһ΢΢һЦ
ĺɺȫͷأһԺɺΡǶɺɺȦкɺĶ׹ӡȥĶˣﲡǻװκͷģЩ򲡵û˹ȥһ׼ֵӵĺɺͷκӾͲˡ
ϡ
ϡ
ϱˣ˭һȥġ
ϽȥʱֺѾˣϽȥʱǿϽϵӡ
ӱֱұţҵˣ̵ӣûƼȥɣˣ뻹ңլҳӣߣˮҲߣµļױȴ䵽
ոСߣʮĶˮլӣʱµģ䶯õļױɷͬ壬ǶϵТ
۾΢͵ԣǶӶԸĸТɲޡ
-

27 

ӱ֪ˮլǴˣҲߡ
ǣԾûһЩ
µΡ
ںЩһζûᱻΪôԴôԴ
ϵռʮ꣬ã޿̣ҲǴֹģ֮󣬾˴峤ﳤ棬Żֻ˽׬ǮϾЩŮ죬µظɻݵĻ
Ů죬гգߡ
ƾ͵ùָǮ߼գõӻ̾Ǯ
СҵֶŮСʱϵ弼ãֲѧ£ָСϵҲǮ
ЩˣӲ飬۸ӱʹѾͷʹ
ӱҵһŮ۸ң壬ˮլҵµģƾÿҪôĻɴɩɩ㡢㣬ͱ󲻳ɣɵıһ٣ñһãԵñһҪϸ
Ȼүү̶ڣͰѻƶϸϸطַ֣岮жģɻ֮Уȴܲɻ
ոǰһΣ˵ʲôӱɡ
Ϲϡ϶ˣ³ʱˣȻϲĶϱΪ׼ӶˡӶ˵ģ¼ﲻԣܿιɨԺӡµذβݰա
æֻҪҲţݡݣôС
ҪһץȥץһߣɲҪˡ
µظɻߡ
Ⱳӣηľߡ
ĸŮǽ£ռҵĶȴСˡ
ӣո潫ӱѹȥˡ
С˷ܣΨ²ңڿˡ
ոˣǷַֻƣϴҪɡµأռҵǲɼ³ιĻ
ϱɷһˡĻŭš
ӱһ֣Ȼ죬ҲȫǰĻᡣ
ϵϴҪɡµظɻͲøˣũæʱ³ũʱɡţ
󷿡³ιѼɨԺϰǴ󷿣°¾
˵·Եĸ˹ϴ
ʹˣˮҺ·ɡ
˵ӱϴȻɰ
ӱء
ɴ󷿡ϴ󷿵ֵʱϴֵʱϴһĭСߣԼ˵ʲô
ӱҡ
˵ʲô»һ֣Ҳǲֵǰһֱ̣ڲˣȫ˸þʹݡţݺˣ
-

28 ֵ

ЩӾǶ죬ʱ˵ݣţݶѰʱݣ͵Űա
ӱȴϵһˣɲܻ˹أȻ󷿡ֵգϰ¡°ǲ佰գ佣佣һҾռ佡
ΪʲôݣȻҪ˵ļһ
Ƽʧ㣬ɵȻ죬ʲô࣬ġ̣˭ݰ
ոֵߣķֵķݡţݡ
æүүҲݵģҲģϴ£Ҳֻ
ЦǳһǴ󷿵ֵ
Ͽ˿ϱϡ
ƵǴ󷿵ֵȥʢ
Ͼһҵĸ죬úˣ¶ûˣһת
ڷֵգδ󷿵ĸ˽˳æµ
ոСҲʢһ׳ԡ
ϵĶҪԴףƫҪһûЦ
ոϲֲһ䣬ôѪû˵ɽ콫ҪΪٵģܻռҵ
ϡԭ⣬⻰һΪ˶ӣһΪɷҲòŸӱ뷬һƬ׻ס
ӱʱãһۣȴûжӡ
˫Ҫȴֲܷǵһ֪ӱڼŮͷҲڵģΪ˸ҵҲˡ
ӱȡ˷ףʢһ
ϵʱ˾ϲСߡ
̣ҵﶼûˣүү׵ˣֻҪǴҺãҲТ˳ǵġ
ոȻŮɺôϻȥ
ϾͲˣϲ߶ɺʹѾͷȴûжִ
Ǻϡϣﶷ˼˼ǹ˼䡣
ϼԼԲףɵƲ졣
ӱʱ̹廨ǮҸĳԡ
ƺߺߵСߣʹɣǺ̸ˡ
ɴֻ࣬߻ġ
ҲûأϻҾ͵͵ȥҪҪɼ˵øء
۾ʵǮˣ˶٣
ʱģϼģ˵Ǯһʮء
һӣⲻǱơСϵúãһǮء
ӱ˼ЦҡҵʮģǮͷԣʣʮġ
-

29 廨

ͣͳһǮӣһʮǮ
һǮʱ˹ȥһץ
ӱе̣㲻ȫãģһҪ˿ߡ
ʲô˿ߣǳɶѵ˿߶ûϣͷ˿ùȥʱ켸ӻӽڼӡ
Ҫһһ飬ǮĽ
廨Ǿϸơ
ӱǰСʮϣҽȥһ廨
ҽסһҽ飬ϲܵѨλҩ֮ͨѪ²Ʋͬҩģ͵뷨ͼϽ弼֮Ϊҽʮ뷨
ϵ廨뷨ý廨ҽʮ뷨ϰ顣
ϼӱӵǮ´ϲûȥΣСߣͻСµθ̱ܣ㽫ҲŸ㡣
ӱԴǵصֻһ̣ȴֹһŮ㲻ƫ˰ɣⶫȱš
ϵ
ϡϻϽȥոһƫӲƫŮֻҪƫͺ˵ǵģӱȴȥ
ϵɱŪˣЩȫǾ
ֻεļֵҪǽӱֳϻΪǺϡϱļױɽҰ˼ֵǮĶҲġ
ǰûɹ
ӱµıһص׵ģ˭ҲҲ
ռһƶĿⷿʲôܲؽȥ˻ҲǸռ׹ӣȥƽôֵǮҲû˭뵽ͷ
ϵȥϾͻ˿ɲص
ƽ޹ʵشӱã˵ʱ򻹽ȥչˣôôԾ
ӱϿֵǮΣСı˺ƭȥʱ򻹲
ƺǺһЦãһȥȡϡ
ӱСߵýǶ̥һһ飬СĴ弼ձƻá
˵ãӱǱ˸ġ
뵽ƣСϡСƣӱǮɾƲɣһִ弼ò֣·ŤŤģ뵽ơ
ŭ使Ǵ󷿵ֵ극㻹ϴ롣ɩӣˮһ硢ɩ·ϴˡ
ƻѽֻСʹģƾҪȥ
ɵʱȫ˶ӱƵ޷Ӧ
ҪãռӸң治ס
-

30 ˼

Ƶҿɲɽݡţݡ
֪㲻ݣȥ
ϲµˣɡÿɵÿһٽ̻ӷװָûˡ£׹أӺòãһҪɱġ
ӱͷ̿ǵĸ˵Ǽ˶࣬ӦùҶӵǮ̵ģɩǲҲýһݣһһӣûǮĵض͹дôȴһǲǣ
϶ݺݵؿӱ
Сӣúõ
ӱװδⲻǾǲ̨ΪǻᣬȴģҵｫʮĶˮ½Ӷ鵽Уүү̹ܣүүһͣ׬ÑҲ̹ţƾͷͲ̹ܡ̹ܼңöĶ࡭
ǰϾӱ̫񻰣⼸仰̫ˡ
ӱһʱ벻ռңοǹŴҲֻӲʩ
ϡƶ壬Ҳ׬廨Ǯֻ˫ͬɷµظũأյʳǹ鵽еģƾǮҪԼڷ
ϵС⻰һ˹ӣɲһʹҪ˽ģӿɹá
ϵ˻룬ͷǮҹܣһûּң˽Ǯܳ˽ġ
Ƶ̣ѾˣҪܵøӡ
æʲôѽͷˣϯǹе⡢еǮƣеǮüױҪ㱸ױ
뵽ǮҪϵ黭洫黭޼֮һֻǧӣû뵽ϵļױ˷񡣡ǡðѴղص黭Щױ
æƾѽǴ󷿵黭Ҫɡֵܵұģ֮ңЩ黭ܵ𣿡
뵽ŮĻ£ǧܻˣղŲ˵ˣûּңǾǹеĶʼϽ˽ɴ󷿵黭Ҳýﱣܡ
ܶЩǺ¡
ϾͲˣոǶˣɼͳҲû飬ô黭ˡ
䲻ʶ֣ȴҲ֪һҵĵ̣Ǵ˼ңǿЩ鼮
ӱɹĿڽ㣬˸Ұ׵ľỊ̃ȥȡϣһϿɵð˿߸ұá
֪ˣȥգ
ϻ˻֡
-

31 

ϵҪɵðѽ˽顢ɡɶڶ飬ÿµıīǮǴӹߵģûĶϱϱҪ˽Źңȴ˽ļҵĵ
ɩû˵ԸҲ⽻ĸǮƣǣǴ󷿱ð˽ص黭
黭ʲô·Ǵﶼף˵˽Ͷ洫黭һ¾ǧӡ
Ҷϱƴ׬ǮһӣҲһֻǮ
ӣӱڣ˵
죬¼ϵ黭һ
Сϵĸ⻹˵ءһӵ黭ɶ󷿲ˡ
ԺǶѳɽһӰ
ôӣռҲҪˡ
黭湻ֵǮġ
æãţǵһˣ˶ֵǮҿɾͲ˵ˣһ׺ɺͷ棬ǴƵױɣҪ黭˵׺ɺͷ
黭չڸӿƹģ鼮ѰģֻҲöϡ棬ֵǮųŸҵӿԣҪ˼ҵϡɲܹ
ֻǶӾһ鼮ҲǶĲȾһġ
׺ɺͷ棬ôҲֵϰӡ
һֻһͷ棬ô㶼㡣
ͱˣɩǲˣ黭Ƕɩļױ
òҲˣ׵ĺɺͷҲǶõġ
ɩ˵ɩǲҲһġ
ϴ˿̱ϱӣգŭȵɺͷģ黭ҲģһûֵģһѧŲ˽ˣȫѶ
ϡϼͬҷǶ
ʲô
СϵҪɲֻ˽Ƚ黭ǾͰѺɺͷν
Ϻã
ƵڿɲɰһС߻Ҫ֪ЩģûŪǱǱţôһ
ռҵ桢ɾסӱڡ
ƵҵԺſȥûҲ
ѵõԸ¡
ϲϴ룬æãȥ¡
ɷǸܳԿġ
Ȼ϶һ̸
۶飬չڡɽȲҫ桢츸ӣۣҫ游Ӿƶ󷿸ӡ
˶츳ͲһۣǸߵġ
-

32 

ռ緹ʱСѾԼ˼أǲӱ
Ѳɽǲˣ
ȥʣͼӱһγû¨֣ҡڣһɵسռԺţƵСǾȡ
Сﳤû㣿
ռҲʫ鴫ң
˵ǰûҲûƵģأֵöӡԾжĴΣߵֵٸȥȫ²ˡ
ռ˸ﶼװۡ
ˣۣҲᰡһС
Сص첻ȥݣ
游ĸ˷˻ƣ佹󷿸ɻҹ佼졣
һҲʮգɴ󷿡ȴ١
ιɨͥԺǼҵ˿ɲ٣ǴҲ̫ƽ
СԼˣûͶռ˼ңԼǸɻ͵
ӱЦŰɣò˶ãֵͷϣĸ϶Ҹɼ
Ϊʲô
ӱ㽫ԼʮǮ˵ˡ
СΪҪŵģԼܵ˽ǮױҲðΪʲô˵ˡ
ӱ벻ٸɼͿԶ뷨ҩġҽʮ뷨ϵģ弼¯࣬ǵˡ
ιЦӯӯʵСɽݣ
Сҽ첻ɽ
Сڼӣҽɽݡ
ã
СЦŵһ䣬ӱȥķ䡣
䣬סڶ䣬мݣķ䡣᷿䣬һ﷿һǳ᷿䣬һС޷һҵĿͷʱסڿͷ
˿ڼ򵥣ֻĸΪ
бԼֻ֣һĶصɲ˵ŪţʮһĶض޸һҵ軧ж츳Ҳ˰ӹúڡ
֯СŮֲ֯׬Щʹӡ
СİϷһͷһոµȹ̵̶ƵļѣӱСǴģ
ǣҹѡ
ҵģӱգ۾ֲ⣬Ǽ
ռҲмȫֻոҫܴӦۣ꣬ͬʫ֮ʱϳ档
СҲһѣȴΪ˺ӡ
-

33 ˼

Сҧҧ´һɽ¸Σȡغüļ˵ǵҵ˹ʱҵͬ͵ɫÿҵûˣҲ᲻ôֺӡ
ɫĵӣд̵̶֦ƣ¡
Сģ԰ɣ㴩һÿͷ㡭ͷϵĻӺϵѶңòã
ǰճƻܺŪֻ֮ͻȻ֮俪ˣĸ˵ѣͻῴˣ˵ĸıڴ֮
ӱһԼϵľѡͷô£ϷҪȫףͬ㡭Ī߹ӵ檰
СﴹԴ游ҵһûŵֻգҸٲǵĺ󳾡СԸģҾȹܱܲң洫⡣
Ϊ˳ͷأƴˡ
ѹô빬̻ʵۣΪ˼ˣҲΪһ档
СΪҡΪ磬ƴˡ
ӱе²þܾɲϸŸ˵檣ˬժͷϵ׻ͷԼùӶһС
װɺܻϲӣСƾǰת˸ȦСʹ빤Ҳ̫ˣȹÿ
һ񣬻һ𲼾Ҫٻҷ棬ӱź⼸ûѣŮƯѵġ
СｫӱµľѡͷպãŻͷٺһѸĸģһҪĳɺӣʱǾһҧվĪ߹ӵ˾
ӱˣҽּϡ
û߼˵ҩĵ£
ӱ֮ûܣûסӱİѱɲ
Сһʧȥƿء
ҲҩһٶģһһӣֻܵģҪ˵£ҡֻ˵¡
ӱƳĵǣ΢΢һЦ
СһСܷģ񵱳ҷĲκˣ˵ҩǮһ
ģСһֱ᲻ġ
ףСĸŮǰġ
ЩӣˮݣҲǱչˮݣĸչСﻹɽɹҩ
ӱ̧֣ɫأСﵽ׻ǲģ˭ɵСɲɵĻһˣĪ߹ʱС뵽ӦԷӡ
-

34 

ӱԼںҪĪ߹ӵľ֮ҲӦС⣬ˬصĪ߹ӵܣճƷĲκˣΥԣ㲻ա
ճƷģɲǣӱ
СȻһЦССһ𳤴ڴҾͺãҸˣҲġ
СʵҺŵϱõ檾͸ˣͷҪ̷ĸŮܻףֻܽ
˵ЩҶѾˡ
ԼֱĪ߹ʱöҪĪΪ檡
ּϣ
ŷҼ顣ӱǼӻӻ۲ɣĶɩӾֻǮһ飬ǶǼϣ
С֯ĲһֱǼңƹǴ֣ÿζһȡȡƷƷǮһӣʮǮһߵöʮǮ
ӶҫȥÿӣϻҪǩֵģһͻأͻǮǮϴģƹҲʡ
ԼӡӵǮӣΪһǮ
ⶼʲôˣаôԼˣϱá
Сس巻ֻնȡһƷǮϵĸøߣǴǮƷҲֻȡ
سǶȶǮһֶ٣
˵ȵӵʮǮһʮģǰֶ꣬ǱһӣһĵͼһӾӣض䶯ˡ
࣡
ʲôʱƷҲֵǮͺˡ
ڻǿ弼ĺá
СʣҷϿɺã֪صģʱӣðõȻƹǶɼء
̲ͬ⣬ɹģҪҸ㸶ʮǮϲǮһ𣬻ͷƹġ
ҲɣҲʡ鷳
ţӱҪȥֻլͷã˵ĻӺãӻȥ
ֻҪסӱУӣռڽ黭ͷأһӱ䲻عȥһ粨
˵ŻլţһۿӱոµĴ̼˶ˣ㡭ѣ
С꣬СҼ˺ЩӣõǮǰһµǮͳ˳ϣ¡
һ׼ѣȫ׬ģӰ
-

35 

Ҳת˵ˣӱСôһ磬ƺҲѿէһƲݡ
Ȼ˿װһݵĳ˹ִ϶Ůϣ϶Ưˡ
ϧѷƵݣָµġ
ǴɫӣǴɫʯȹɽҰǧ
ƵҲǣöǮ̾Ǯϡ
ӱǰЩʹң˵ǰ׬˵ǮҪǮҪѣ˵Ҫѣҡû뵽Ѿô࣬һ񡣡
ôпõѣͷҪѵ㣬ҿɲ˵ûǮ׬Ǯ͵ý̱ܡ
Ƕ£ƫԼɡ
Ǽ¡
ӱǲǰ£ҵǮ̱ܡ
۲ýӱϼѣƾʲôûУ
ҲҪһƯѣɡ
Ϊۺ죬ȫ˺ϽСӱ
ʲôӣϡϡƬҶһ㶼ÿѿˣƬҶҲ㰡
Сƣ˵ˣǡྩЩطĴǧ𣬾Ͱӣ֪ΪҺСӱĿżȴüۣΪŶ֡
ƽӲϻǸʲô
֪ӱñƵļ۸ߣֻҪǼ۸߾Ͷˡ
ôƬҶӣһ飬ɲʮǮ
ưָͷˣһ꣬۾ˡ
ҪǴ˼ҵǧ𣬲ŲѿӣҾͰĻӣ̣ϲ졣
СصⱲҲ˴˼ҵǧ𡣡
ƵˣˣҴ翼нʿҾǹүá
մлм꣬ǰɹүˡ
òᣬɣܱһӶûָĺá
СϲơƣǰҲϲӱŮͬŮԴӱŮɳŮСﲻ񡢵ӣ׽ˡ
ߺߵصãǻؼң
һתСﰸеĻӶ§
С˵ôȫѽ
ӱ游ʫͷŪСȻȥˡ
ȡ˰ϵϡ
קӱ˼ţŷԼǡˡСһӱǰקȥˡ
-

36 ǿ

ѽã游ʫửŮҵĻӣҪȥӣҰæȥӣָ˵ˡ
ӱګƣƱȷ黹졣
ռҴչڵܣǿǿǿΪ
һ£ǼҶˣӱܡ
ϣչڸ̧һڴӳͷаӵ鼮ʮֻҫ游ȲشֻЩѰֻľˡͬʿʿšӵֱʣ伸ֱʲԱ߻ءӡһöӡС׿֮ӡ
׿˭ǲϽĩڣｨ֮ĴѧʿһӣⲮλ
ҫһ§ڻ첻˷ʵʱ黭ҵĪֱʾܡһǰһݣǻ
ɽص塢ܣҲšˣôͲˡ
ϵǰ˵õģǵֻ󷿵Σڸá
ϲ֪ŵŽŵֻȣ༸ߵұ
δ˵꣬ͼƴͷ˽˭ǼҶˣ
ӱӺͷʵʲôˣ
飬ȫ˴һ·ӱ
ӱﰵλֻ
˾ͻӰɣļױֵǮ黭ڿռˣģǳĶ
ɲΪռߵһ黭йֻһ鼮صĶģ˵ʮһҲһӡ
Ҫ˵ƣƾҫ棬϶㲻չڡ
ԭµݣʱһƬš
ӱ㣬游˵ķøôҸղŴСǶӣ㷿ߺãӡ
Ƽղŵ£Ȼ±ӱ֪ϼױ£̫ˣ˽Ҳ֪˶ٿһˡǰЩҪǮҪѣȻ˵ҪѣһѣöǮ
ҫûӱѵ·ϡ
Ц˿װǼСһҲ
ɽµ⣬ƾŲʮӵֻһ׺ɺΣһԸһԸᶼռıˡ
˲֪Ǹȴ֪µһ黭ӻ˼ҳ滹ǲġ
ļױأܵһ˽⣬϶Ʒױ룬Ҳ⡣
-

37 ʫ

ġֻ컹ţԼк;ྩЩ١Ȩ󣬲Ͱ黭
ӱ̣㲻ȥҷϣҷ飬ҿû˿ߡ
չҪʹɫ
ĵĵﲻ˿ǮС߷ּơ
Ƶֻױ䣬ãæ֣ã㡭㵽Ҹȡ
ЦС߰м¾Ҫˣ˰˵ܵķʰ޳ɺãס£ˣٰᵽ㷿䡭
΢ûأҪĹ뷿ܲ
ǣһֻķϣͲӱƽˡ
ɽϵ˸ɫϻ⣬ЦӯӯصãһҪæ˵һ
ϵһͷ¹±Ӱеģ㶼С
һֻһ׵ͷ棬öǮڶˣǽ±óӱʹһʱ䣬ⶫҵģͲҪٿ̱ƽˣָӱ׬Ǯء
һΪǮ
οԼ
ոȵ˰Сߵķʰ޳ա
ӱЦ΢΢صүү˵ǡྩЩطǧӶҪ£ϻȥɽڹٵϾͼһλǧʫʡͷүү׻ݵʫʣ嵽ϡ
ոɲʫȻӱĻˣүүʫҵǣһྩүүǸˣʿ緶ҲүүɽҰҲ¡
⻰ո
⻰
չڡҫƴӲʶӱѾͷʲôʱǴȶ⣬ָո򸾳۽
ǲˣүүȥ˽ӣͷ̰ҵʫѰϲʲôֻþǡ
үүһʫ嵽ϡ
йѵõģһͽӱķʰ޺ˡ
ƺɤӣ˵ܵķûˣܲסһݰգҿҪ׵ˣô˵סһ䡣
ûúôƾҪԼ
ֽŵ죬һֻ
󷿵һ׺ɺΣһ
Ĵӣĸ۳׵ܣûԲã˵û츳м
ոҪţĻɰ飬ס鷿ա
ӱ˿ߣֱƽ˿˳Ƶ̣ǮģٵʮǮ
ҪǮԼü㻹ҪǮ
ƱһɤӺòҽӻ
ٴĵҲĸŸɡ
-

38 

ӱӱһǿǱץס˴
ϻסƣϱݻûˣ겻⣿
ϵ˺ɺЩϲ뵽ֵֻǮЩ졣
ɽ漣׶ˣǼٵġ
ŴͣûȥǼ
ɽ֪Ϊ漣ʵҲƷȸߡ
⻰ʱüЦһɽݡ
ϴ˴æµһϣˡ˯
һƣڵ
չڵС߻嶫ǮɷЩҪ³μͯԣܵ£ǱĿͺãĵط塢游
ӱԼķ䣬ϹӣٴᣬǮߣһӡ
ӱϱڻϣȡ˸ӣȡڻһ飬Ż
Աߣһ԰һҧɽң治֪Щǧôģ⻨ӺıȿɲԶôͱĻһǮⲻӦð
ҫ桢츸᷿˵
ƹ˳һ廨ļϸ¾ˣǸĵԭϲĵϲʣͷǸĵ
ϵ£Ѿ֪һȫҶù
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ҫѰ졣
СϵҪԶЩܲżһһӣ߻ģ˭ᰡ
ҫռҵʮ绹ģϱļԸ߼ۣѾƸȥա
ϵϲɣǰҲ˵ϿָӱƷǮô˵
ҫ̾һ࿴˼ңǽܼ޵Ƥ
첻⡣
Сϵ˵Ƥʱ˵ˮģΪ˶ôҪ棬ʱɾ˵ˡ
޵õƤԭ̯һСѲٶһռҲ밲
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39 

գҹµգţɹݶѡ
ճƱѣQЬé޻һ󼫵͵ִƻŤ֮
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ӣǴҫ򸾵ﴫġ
ŵֻ߽Ъ˹صͺȣǮ
˲ɣ⼸꣬ҸǮ٣Ǯɶ飬Ϊʲôɶ飿
ֻռҳţͲƼҳˣ游ҲţҵԸǿҲһˡ
ԸҪҸƼӡ
ճ´󾪡
Էްնѣ˵ȴ뻹Щ¡
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ǲŻռҳӡ
ţĺã˹ҲʮĶص˰ӿ϶ԽԽá
ƾʲô
ӣдֻ飬Բãûټ
Լ׶Ӳ飬Ҫ˵ĶӶ
ƫϻֲ裬ÿһӾҪҪĸҪӡ
һӣǼƷ
ӱҡҡͷֻ֪αҫó
ҫ棬ӣҾͰ͵ɹȵ¸̵ĸ
Ҫвңˣػˣܻܲһʵģ
ʵģһŵصҽɡɻѾ뺦¸̵ĸ
һӱ
ǰֻǻɣû뵽Ļҫ棬Ż졢ɶˡ
˵ɵĹûˡ
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ҵСڣʡЩɣǸӵò˺ã㻹ܵ˺ãҫ޿κΣҡҡͷ
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ô֪ţʧ£
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֪ƲƼңô˵ֵܴһֱܾأȥƼңĻزǴд㡣ũæʱֵܡֶûٹæ㻹ģƾɩҵֵܰģۼҵôù
-

40 Ů

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41 

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ˣӱȴȥ»ʱʮǮС
ҵԭͲӯԵʳ軧ӣ߲СŪģֻͷֻʱһͷɱһͷƬԼҳԣƬ͵ֵǶ
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΢΢һ
֪ĸĴ㣬࿴Щ˼ңǰֻϳʮӵĲ˵ճһֺߣԸʮӵĲǮ۶ҫԤɲһء
ָŶЩӣøԼĵմӡΨһĵŮƸ񡢼ױأûǮôУ
Ƶãһһ
ӱһһСôõسȥʮӾͶ˶ʮǮأһģЩӣҿʮҵϱ¶ˣͷүүʫأƾôһҲöǮɣ
һĥʮҪһģһӾܶʮǮأǸţȥҲǮҪ·ȥɽ·ʱܵسǣֵȥ
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42 ϼ

ϱճƺúܻϲ
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תתϲڣðö࣬ͷȥýţ˵Ǳи̻ޣȢˣƫҪȢ˼ңŵڲȥ
˵󷽣һӡ
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ð˷ʰꡣ
ϻطѡ
ӱĴӡ
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ЦӴҴҪѧ
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һֻСﱼʵ̡СҪȥسǣ
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ССãȥ巻ָü۶
ӱɬ
Ϻ˼䣬ɽĹٵȥһ̣ͼ½½سǷȥţ
ϵӿɽׯسǣ·ߵˣһ˾ҪǮǮԡ
ׯ˼ңɲǮġ
ҲдˮţˮţУѾþòţˣǰոԶţԼţȥ
ӱɴӣ˵ɴʵǴɴο˼ǳɫ̶ϣʱͶһƮݳ֮Уǡסϰֵ̺ۣ٣̱ðգһֽߡ
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ò˵ϣӱļ˽µֻð̺۲̫ԣȴܾȥ±
ǧûסĹεҫ򸾡
-

43 

ϵʱţ֪ص˾ڰء˵ιΪ˲ɹҩĵģѰ˵ϣȥس࿴ճơ
ӱһѼֱ۶ᣬӹһ᲻˦ˣ߲һŽӹȥ
ǣ浽Ǯ϶˭ġ
ʮöѼһöǮɵһǮء
һǮЩʳӵĺáôˣҪӹòס
ӱ̣˳ǣӰգ˵˿ɫ࣬Щ˿߻ȥ
Աߵĸ˽ﻹ
洫ŮգϱϱǾͿ׬Ǯá
ռһ̹һǲһʫŵڡ
ϱúǻϲ
˵巻㣬һϾ͵Ǯлȥذɫģʲôÿһֻ̯ıǮúˣسǻǸǣü۶
һ·ĸ˵˵͵سǡ
أڷʵʱãǰɭ֣вûسǡ򣬿ɺ˷˺꣬ӡ԰ΪģΧ˸Ӷؾڡ
ͬеĸͷҲһҪƷġ
ϾԼҵƷãһҪȥ۸ߵ巻
꼯巻Ʒ˻治٣ͷ˵Ķ飬ĸˣһЩĹ
ͬеĸ˵ֻһȡȵƷƷģǶƷ巻ָռ巻Ĵ巻
ռ巻⼸ɲǣˣ֧Ϊռ֯췻ֵòɿ
Һˣơ
˹˵
ӣ⽫ԼŮӷͷͷһѴ䡣ӱ˵ϲʫʣ;ԼдĿ϶á
ʱֵϡ
ϵŮȴĿתضӱϵɴãҲûƳõʲô뷨ɴģ
æСŮСѧҴŮ죬СͰݲʲôġ
˵ûԼҵƷüۡ
Ů½Ƶ̨ǰϣӵͼرûиӵĻɫˬ£ͷʫǡô鷨ãʫʫʣǰʱģбģЩǰûġ
ⶼģ
ǣǡ
ϵӦš
Ů·ͷȫϸܣ֮Ҳ㲻ͬǰʮһģһġ
-

44 ɴ

˵ûκε¶ȣǰʮ飬巻۸񹫵ǰʮһƷһӶʮģʮƷ巻Ʒ
ͬĸ˾һƷһӶʮģǴδĸ߼ˡ
ŮԱߵŮСӣʮһƷʮһ飬ǡǡ
Ůµʮģչϵɴ
ûиӱܵס
ûɴϵİ̾ͳǰԼҪԳ˾Ĵ
һ£ɴճƴǶѰӰɴԭǺģȴһ£˼仨ͱƯˡ
˵˿ߣһǮĳɱ
ŮΪӱԸ⣬巻ʮܹΪеһֱ̽µ巨ϵɴõο壬巨أƱ¡
ȻŮûϳⲻ壬ǹģںΪ˿ơӱһؼϸ˿Ƴɹ빴ġ
ʮģŮּʮġ
ӱ⡭Ҳġ
ŮҲǻ˼ʮˣһŮ۲ģԼŮúãôߵļ۶϶ǣæʱҼŮ˹𻨣˹ЩӣûȫءҪɴôؼҰСƤء
ŮԼƳеİ̺ۡ
һתӹ̨ȡǳ̵ɴͷ
һģټˣ
ӱ΢΢һЦο巨ɴֵǮֵǮ巨
巻ƷģǰЩ껹ռ巻ʹȨǻʤ뽭ƽɫǹྩĹ󸾣Ͱ
ӱҧҧһڼۣʮӡ
ϵҡҡһֻһǮ˿ߵɴȻʮŮҪۡ
ŮƳСǸеģҲ巻չƷʵ⣬ѧĸʽ巨ƷҲûʲô˴Ҫ弼뷨
ɽˣȡʮƱ
ˣȻˣ
ͷŶӵŮǼ䶯
һɴʮۡʮЩʳضºЩˡ
ǰ˵Ʒ˶ûڰشˡ
ϽӹƱֽӹǮ΢򢣬ġ
ӱȡŴɫɴϣʵɴǮ𣿡
ǣں⼸ʮǮɴˡԺõģֻҪ֣巻һɰһƷ۸չ
Դ巨弼Ĵң²ǣնȻǣ罻á
-

45 

ӱòشл
ŮµԹ弼뷨ЩѰǿϧˣղǷЩϵӹȥúãǸǰ͵Уǵۣ巻Ŀʦÿ¿ٺӣƷո߼չ
ˣƮƮȻò֪ν
һӵٺոһҲô࣬һ굽ͷʮӻؼҾͲɽׯ⡢֮ĳ䵱ѧʡ
ϵ˵ĿģǺŪׯ˼ҡ
巻طֵĹ£С˷ģ˳Ĺ£´ֱӱš֪γƺ
æɽׯˣСɷ˽ӵ
ǻׯ˼ңռҲ˼ң˼ţ߳Ҳ˾ػʦ
ŮգŮߣ˳
Ů⣬ɱϣȴǴᱨֻ֣ݡ
Ĺµ˵ͷЦ΢΢صҪϣһȵ˿񡢶ӣɹѡ񡣡
ΪɴƷһ˾ʮɴƷֵǮ
ɴϣʮӡ
Ǹߣúˬ죡
ɴϵ˿мҵĹµ巨Ϊ´뷨߼չоôġ
Ĺµõɴӣõ˿ߣֻõƷ
Ư˿߸䡣
ʮɴܵһǧӡ
ڻСǮ׬Ǯ
˵úã᲻úӣ᲻ǡ
˷ܵ÷ֲ嶫ԺȫǲúֵܵĴӡûŪףΪɶߵɴ˸ߵļ۸
ʱĹŮСõɴȡ˶ʮɴձ׼СüáŮСõ˿һŵľ
ͳֶʮǮˣǶӡ
Ͽ϶ӹĶδһǧӣˬ˻ûȵʮƱ
ĹʵҪһ𣿡
ããͻɶʮһŵģʣµĻɶһŵġ
һƱȥغüƱպã˿ļǮԽһֵ
ʦǺøһɵŮɷ˰ѼҲˣؼҸŮӣһƷúܡ
ˣѼûȥŮԣͷٸ⡣
-

46 ҩ

һˣ巻治Ѽ
ӱɲܸ̣ŵʱҿǴӦһԾģЩ죬Ҵ֣Ҳûࡣ
ããȥ⣬ٸ㳶²ؼң붬ˣ÷ŵĶѡ
Ǯ˿ɲܿŮָ׬Ǯء
ѵõĴһأ˶ʮöͭǮӱԣԼȥԶˣǱߵĲׯø˳㲼
ӱ̣Ѽ㻹˰ɣȥۣѼÿ춼Ҫԣˡ
Ͼ⻰һ·첲ˣӱοһһ֣һӵˤˡ
ܳԵǼ׼³ÿһһѼճҲʸԵѼźӡ׬ӡ
ɣ֪ˣ
̫ƽʢҲõ͵ˣѰ˸طվãû򵰡վһҾ¥ԣƹĳ˿ѼǮһǮȫˡ
˼ʮļѼϼ˵ģ͵ִ¥ǰվƹĿ֪ž¥ģֻͨҪȫˡ
ǻ˵ԽǴ¥ԽǰӣʳͼʳģȴٲҪ˵죬Ͼھ¥ʳĵģѰգϣ¥չԼ⡣
ӱûȥС̯ڳѰҽ̡ҩ̣Ѱ˴һ£֪Աߵҽسҩ̡
³˺ܶ࣬ҩѰһߣΪԾȣΪ˱ⱻˡ
ռҲٴȥţһأءء
һƾɵС˲һݲ԰׵꣬·ʱһһͣͣ˵Ŵ綼ܺᡣ
һŵùģһܱ˺
ں֮ǰðͷɽθ
Ųӯؽҩ̣һʱ˲˵עĿίʵĴԵúˬ˹̨һץҩӵɽΣ֪ܳʲô۶
˵䣬ǸڰɭϵȺɽΣɽκܴ֣ôҲʷ
ӷĳӣӣץҩҵƫ˵
ӱƫִóһʵѪΡ
ӿ챼ɽΣټһϵѪΣҪۼΣ
ɽѪεļ۸͸ˡ
Цڿռ鼮һɲҪۡ
-

47 һڼ

һ£ûС¡
Ӷʮһ͵ĻĶû˵ʲôﳯȻ͸ʲôָЩطĵλƺйŴ࣬ʷʱƫκκĿʵۣϵЩʷ
Ҳûûܲٵˡ
ӵѪ
ӱæѪῪЦΪΣҼɥ㲻˵ҵֵֻ
ҽδؾͻʵڣ֮£巻ʵĶˡ
˽թĹµ˼Ƿɴδػʮӵĸ߼ۡڣƣǸļ۶͸ˡ
һڼۣǧ
ѪΣڴﳯΪ˲֮һʮĶɽȣѪڰ꣬ǵͬǧϵɽΣʵϳˣǧ۶Ժ
ѪεģƬȻƬеһƬʮǿҽݡҩ̵ģһѪǧļǳ¡
ҡҡͷΪǸ֣ûﵹǸУͷѧͽʦбʴ⡣
ŵ
Ӵӱ
ӱȴҽݣŴҽôǰӾ绹ΪֻӣȻ߼ֹҩܡҩռļ䣬乩иƲÿеİǰһƣͷд˵֣ԼóĿơ
ǧơ׶ơǿơ֢ơơ
ַ࣬˭˵Ŵжȫܵģҽݣɲͷֵġ
еһУеֻһУƲİڲͬаǰųӡ
ӱƲŮ٣ĥӣҪĺߣһʵˣӻ˲٣ԼΣվͲ㡣
һֱãֻҪӽ£Ͳʲô¡
Ӳܽ£ûܵģڹŴĸẓ́常ΪˣС¡
ӺܺŮһͷĲˣǿУڿˣʲô
ҪôʲôףҪôʲôƾղŵҪۣ֪Ǹ֪µģɽѪεļ۸
˲㣬һ԰׵߹һ·΢΢ӭ˹ȥ游
ʲô⣿
һѪΡ
߽ӹӱĲΣţȷʵѪΣҪ۶٣
ǧһ١
-

48 

ǧƱ߿Ʋϣʮ㣬Ǹ֮ˣ彡Щ书ӣ´ε˺öִҽݣǼǮ
ĺѪΣ޼֮ڸǣҲöǧྩⶫ͸ֵǮˣһƬҩռôһмʮƬҩǿʮʮ׬ͷ
ӱһɭ˽ܵ飬մ⣬´ڵΣһ
һɭڣΪʲôһ·дׯգɽȷʵöԲФ˵иֲҩľ
˶ǧƱݹָɽεǮ
ӱӹûùƱһۣͷͳһǡʼұšﻧǮׯвͬıţднʮһŵģһһŵġ
ȷӱһͷˬصһǣ
ִҽݣӱִ룬ⶫֳɵûУҪ͵öתһȦȥӣѰ˵ԼҪʽ˶Ʊȥ
ٳʱֻǶϴ÷׵깫СУץĲҩ
ʱתһȦҽʱѡ˺
ӱ
Сͣ˽Ų
СвһɴɸһʶУأ
ʵ﻽£
ӱ΢΢һЦصӵȣΪʱˮУָˣ壬ϥǻˮصķʪֵңĲ
˵󣬾ڿռרҵηʪҩˮҩ
ڵƭԽԽôƭӻһʵİŮȥʮ꣬˵øһ
Сǽ䱸ӣǧģΪĲɿҲ⼸꣬ƭߵǮɲ٣ӡ
깫ǳЦҲϵƭٱƭ񲻳ɵˡ
ӱҲƭǵǮ̸⡣ֻҪԼִУҴӦβҷĲȡ
֣š
ݸһЦ³֮һǧ
䣬ֺ£
϶ƭӣ
깫ӶߵС˵ߣ
ǿЦĺ£Ūþֵɽ
ֻƽͺãǲҪ鷳
ӱƳǵĴ㵣סȥ·Ƿģ캦֮£Ҫ֣֮һ常ĿŮѰƧھ͸ȣ֮оȷʵЧٿҪҪҺ?
-

49 ƭǮ

Уرࡣ
ǰƭƭӵǮƭǮġ
ѲɣΪ˽ɫ
С˵ǵشԼҵĹӣЩݣǱʹĥģ͹ӵ˵ʵúܿ
һ˵˴ƧӵļҾسǲԶɽ£ͻȻֵŮǲܽȥ
ŮӻóһͲͷлӣһЩҩ
ҩβ֮£ֻϵҽ
˵ҽչһЩӣڹҩ֮ЩֻѧһЩƤëҽΨҽĺ˻ᡣؼ˿ѧġ
Ժһ㸾ˣֳ룬ҩĸĸβΣ㸾˵ѾģǵòֻǵһúÿŮӣ˵ᣬֹһεسĸ׻ԣǸˡ̡
ɫԽأŮָ㡢ҩ֮״εϥûôʹˣ֮ģǰδеĳС
ϥ̫ˮڷĨġҩ֮Ȭ
㶵ʵ㡭Ǻˣ
ͷһʵѲϵ
Ӧѽϻˣܲϵ
ճƵļֻ˵ϵĸ̫̫û˵ʲôˣûֵܽá
ӱʵҸȣֲǮô
겻׷ʡ
㻹룬ҪҪҺõġԼͬ⣬ǩְӡֻҪǩ֣϶ǧƱн࣬ġ
һݡԼݸꡣ
ϸһ飬ͷдĵطôϤأͷ˫ֲɵ΢΢һ
㡭㡭
СͷԼ֣㡭ǡǡ
һСû˵ȥ
ӱû뵽ôõ¶ûˣ͵¡
ҩѨλȡҩˮĨϥǴ
ȵķʪأҲв
㶵ؿ
Сڿ
ҵĸ죬ӻ˵ⱲӾˣ˼Һù˰أһֱûȥѰ
룬ŮԼѰˡ
ƺ֪λĸ׵Լ
ƺҲ󰡣ֻԵİ̺ۣ֪̺ôģ
ɽׯиճƵСţ游ĸ󲮸常һռĸ׵ļױ˵ıҪˣֻҪڣ˳İռĸ׵ļױÿԵñè٣ɵñţ࡭
-

50 Լ

ӱ뵽ǰճƣһСһͰˣһѻˣҲ
Ȼˣúõػš
ÿ͵𴲣һ˵緹ʱ򻹵ιβ˵صӲݡɨͥԺһ˳緹ϴ롢ϴ£֮ȥɽݡһٽ
ݵС˰ѲŪؼң˶Թ緹ˡãܺһãֻܶӡ緹ȥɽţݡټһٽ˲Ųᰤ
ƭɻ£ţȥǴׯİռҴһǰ֪ˮţСţסţҹ﷢˴𡭡ֻæžţȴˡ
һȴһţ硣ĮӣʹҲĪڴˡ
Ѿˣ
ŮڼҲúܿࡣ
ؽڣһ֪ģֻû뵽Ҳˡ
۾Щʪ˵ɣճƾԼϵİ̾ǳµģͷֻ̣ܶͷס
ǲĸ̵֮ڱӣ
ʱÿ࣬Ҳһʹ
ĸĸֺǺˡ
Ǻȴûкñ
˵ĶŮҪʹࡣ
Сɴڴ֮У۾ǴŮȻ˰̣ȥҲˣЩۣ֬ȻƲİɡ
ӱҩѨλȲ̫أȽĳʹࡣ룬ʪá
֪Ϊ͵˳صķʪЩһֱúʹࡣ
ʱʱ͹ȥˡ
ӱ˵ڶѨλվǩ𣿡
˵ͷ
̵֪ŮڼҹòãЩȥãϡͿѰһĸ·
ִҽôˣ˭Ҳûѡ
ӱӹӴûƳ˿Ųģдò֮ԼЧ³֮󣬹һκķʪ֢
˵ûаˮһƾˬˡ
һƿҩˮˣÿĨһΣۺˣĨһҲްĨҩʱ򣬼ǵðϥ÷ȣҩЧֱﲡЧá
ȡƱһ죬ǧƱǵЩȥǹ
С˿˿Ʊġ
ȻôǮΪʲô±常ˡ
-

51 

㡭ﲻ֪Ǯ
ģ㶼̰ģһǧ룬һͺˣһʮ֪㡣ǣԶǣǱȮҰǮǣʶˣģǲǣ
ͶˣͷǲʲôƬֽ̣ŵǹĵǰּģ±ʼŪһݻ飬˵СסҪǾ˵ųϲһҪȢš游ĸֻҪҹĳʲô˶У
С˴㵵صǲͶⳤģⲻǷɵ£гװ׵ģɴûѳƳвϲġ
С˵չҼҹûһˡ
ô
¶꣬ûһ
һ˶ûУûֵܽã
ҡͷ
ӱʱԼ࣬ͬȻûۣô廹㽡ҲϸúãʱѾˣ⼸ԲáãʲôҲûС
ӱ꣬òᣬҲܿ
ĸϲΣ
ãһ뿴Ц֪ĸȴҪȢϲ϶ڴӦǵöӲɾңɾһֱҪҵͬˡǹﱻݣǰ˸һǾˣǮҲܸ̫ߣʡʡЩա
֣ʡǮɱҲԸռҵ˺á
öռˣŻ˵Ļ
ǲӦ˵ҪøռһŮңռҰӣ϶ợסҪ˶ˣ뼸Ƥĸȥ֮֡һ仰뾡뿿ɽׯռң
ȫںʲôķӣҪľ뿪ռң뿪ɽׯ
óǧӣɼǮ
걻ҩĹ˫ȹ治ʹˣ˫ϥůůģࡣ
ӱסˣĪҪ£ȥʱ򣬴Щӵļ¡δϣĶɰ׻ӣռҾͰӡ
ϸϸض˼䣬˻֣šԼ뿪ˡ
Сһ㵣ӣӷڣ
ⲡβáöұβΪ˽ţػԼ¡
ɲɵӣҲûг㡣
⼸걻ʪڵûΣһڸ棬仯޵ΪʪȵĲʹ˯ž
ӣ·ûԼ£
-

52 Ԥ

ŵͻȻûüͲˡ
֪Լȫ֪
ﵨϸΪ
ĺߺܳɹǲǰԵƾһҽͱػϡ
˵ⲻʲô캦£ھһŮֶΪ
ﵱ㶩δޣԭˣһҲᣬ͡
*
ӱһӣһûûһʣڵ룬̲СдšкţСš
ôȫȥԤȫ׵á
ԽĲƭ˵ģлҽŮ˹ŴöƹߣӾڵԼӹ
ӱ뵽ҵ˵СҪˣ˽һôҲøСױһ黨
ӣС̯˶ԾһԶ׹͵ǸлЩӸ֡
ڳٴĸˣճƺúÿһ˵ճƵ˶ʮǮһֻδһɴʮ£̫ۣ˵
һȥϣϾǮˣźͷһǮֻҪճڣͲȱǮ
ճǮܱˣøѣ˫ƯЬӣ˫Сġ
ճƵˣøոѣĶϱϱߣԼҲмûˣҲóһ²
˭ôµģһһ飬չڡҫ游Ӷˣ󻹸ϱҲһ飬Ҳˡ
ƵûѾͷû󣬸첲գֻױǮ
˲ϣһ֮࣬ȥ⡢˶س·ڵţþòӱӰ۳žҪˣɵЩż
ٴĸ˵ʦǱ߲¥иƣЩԾ
һͣƣ˵˻ȳֽһ٣һ󣬡ѽ˵Ҫ黨һˣˡ
ʱͼսǴһŮԶԶźۡ
ЦüüۣЩĸղŹؼҡ
¥Ǹ˿·ĴŮ۾ʱֱˣСúãݶôˮ飬Ҫûݵöÿ
һߵżҵүòɣ游常ţҵĹŮ켫ã֪ʶ
-

53 

һ̧Ƹ񣬲æڰֻܴգվǰɽׯ˻ҡ
ˣǱߣӾͻػˡ
׮úãͷ϶жǮ
Ц绨
ԶӱϣЦ΢΢صҸ˶Ծ˶Զ׹ӣָͷ̣϶˰ɣ
δأȥָͬеĸˣǺμׯľӣ㻽δͳɡ
δ򸣣
ٴ帾Ц΢΢صŵھǲͬƼĹ̵֪ʶžϲ
صҹҲСӣһ߰ա
ããմմʦĹ⡣
˵˵ЦЦ˳
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ʪӻصس⣬ɽµׯϣԼҵģûȹ̣שʯṹů
ټֻּһ˼ңԺǽȴΧ˼Եø룬Ҳҵ˵һƬжʮĶԭº׼ݵģ룬游ⱲĴ
游游нˣⱲֻһ㣬ĸڸʱĽһ³ʡѧӣͬﶩףѧ˽
游ĸò
ʮȥĸû
Ⱳĸֻһ硣һߣֵܡֵܶûС
СδȵԶԶ˼
һڵĺ
һźͷ͸
էͷ֢պЩ
˾űϣѱͨ죬ӵҩץˣ
ϲǲڳ˭ˣ
˭
˸ӶǸδޣ·˵Ů
£üɫؽ˵ˡ
ӷ𣬺˺ñһֱŷʪԸ뵽ԼѰˡⶨǷ飬ѰĹӡ
ֻͣǹ֪ԼôˣΪ˭ҲѰƫƫѰŹˣ˹ǧƱ
ӵ²ϣһ᲻ȢҲͱˣ̵ǲһҲȥϲζá
׼ʲôԤ
ŵģǰѰȥžŮ޸
ʱֱ벻ˣҪǿлҾһˣ̳˶ûС
ϣʱʱĸǰĶȥ۶ʹࡢµҲȥ
-

54 

ȥ
һӣ̵̣ܺܺŮ
չκùӣˡү֮ҲЦȪ
˫ֺʮ
ǵ·˾ͻЩҽ룬ῪץҩȻ·˵ֻЩƤëɵҪ·˳֣үͲйӡ
үĲ·˵õģӳҲ·˽ġ
Ҫ˵϶·˺ͷһӵģֻǹˡ
ô
ҡҡͷɴŲˣʩۣ֬ϵİ̺Ʋ
ⲻͳˣӼҹӵģģȥСŤͷھͽԤ¡ڵ˵¼ȨɼҲԤֵرϲ£䲻ˡүһ֣Ѵİնϲưա
ݣɲܻڻѽ
вݣ䣬ɲˡ
ƯŮܰǷǣǳЩĺá
ңǵ˶µĻԼܻڣ˵ԼǷ·̫࣬Ҳ·ΪõĽáѡ
˸̾һ󣬷ͷж
ʪӻ˸ڰǰþ÷ҩЧҩ
룬ȴδҩ֮βѲɣ̵֣ϡ
ϣ̵Ȼ
ǣ屻ţ˵ӣŮҲˡ
̵㣬Ӧǣ
Ψҽ˲Żҩ֮һĺˣ˲ᡣ
ĲΣͷ֢ҲΡ
սеƿӣǺڰ⡣
*
ӱȥʱ·ʱ˲һǰ㡣
㣬͵˺ɽĹٵϣٴлμׯȥ
ؼľᣬԼҶȢɲɣȻչģ󣬵Ůɫһʮģһһ飬һǮ
ӱ̣˼ңֻүү˵ɴ˺üۡڴ󲮡ǣĪˡ
ϲ⡣
ӱĵص̺үүˣЩǮԼǮӲܺùҪ֪һµһСƣָ˵顢ī˲վڹˣ㵱ҼѲ׵ࡣ
һǻ˸ԼûĵŮŮĵúܡ
̸㳶ϣϾԼ¡һ˵ֵ꣬㲻÷ƣɩŮ쾫ء
-

55 û

ǵŮ첻ֵǮ䲻Ǯ·ܴա
Ƚӱ˳ӱû
Χſɽׯ˽һȦռլǰͣ¡
ϳɤŴ󺰣ϱϱᶫŮãһ˶ʮġѼҲˣҽȫ˳²ѣ
ռ뵽Ǯˣ˲ѣ˷׷ױ˳
һƣ˷ܵص̣Ҳѣ
Ÿӣϱ⡢˶緹ɣ˰յ·ˡϿÿ۶ˣˣµģҲдûˣҲÿһ
߶ŮãһӾʮģӽʼͲظֻӡ
ӱԼϡϵɴ˿߽լš
СϵɵӶҪ
ŶϱϱƺƵؽš
صʦ´λչҵ⡣
һģһģСӸϵòЩؼҰա
ʱͰѳǮˣʮأˣ˰Ƥ򣬲ӲǿǮ
ӱΧǶ
Ц΢΢ظǷַ²ϡ
ƼзݣİɶУΨûԼģ³ƣ̣ҵأ
ģǰЩӣǮҲǸϣżҹˡڿɲռˣǮˣ˵ˣǮƵׯ˼ҵӣ˼ҴĿɶǺóС
һǮ
Լױȫܼ£ֻ֪ҪǮڶø׬Ǯˡ
ϣҲóТ游ĸʲôãռҡռҡռҵģҪˣٸһݼױ
ϵýһԾһԶ׹ӣȥǶáЩӣ֣Ҳпͣ̿ɶأ
ƵһαϿ䣬ʱֳ˻Ťͷͽӱķ䡣
ӱڰǰЦ΢΢س֣̯ͷһԾһ׹һɫ֬ۺӡ
СЩֻ˵˾׹û˵ۣ֬ҪѵΣȡ˻ȥ
ãһ㴩ߣ軨
Ҫ֬ˮۣκμʱԣȫҶڹˣĶǮɩɩù۲
Уȥæա
-

56 ƫ

Ƶ߻ãɴ֣軨ǼġҪǣӻãƷֱˬദ
ҫһһӻˮ˽أĶɱңҲܱճơ
ܾԼŵŮãһٻ֮Ůٻ֮ãǽģСұ񣬶ӣȡ
ӱķ
СϺܻϲ
ҫ桢첻ڣԸӶǳˡǰųţúڰǸֳֵˣ˵þڱ󵷵Ĺ
溬⣬䣬Ŀײţ߷ߵط˸ۡ
ȹӱ˹ȵճƣһϣǲһҵģǻʱĸˣҵĺȥ
ϼˣݳ˳ճ¿ĸαŮûˣñȫ˵ϣɶճġ
ƣʲô³ʲô£ǮǴ˼ң˴ׯ˼ҵĸѡ˵Ǯһ࣬ǰǰٿϣ飬ǰЩ飬ʮϣȫյҪױ㶼ʮˣ֪㣿
͵ϣģɶյʺ괩ɫСֻûóТ˼
һȣճǿТ˳
Ǯ游ĸ˵ʮӣĪûǮ֡
ƴɵѣɸ˼ҵıǣҲԸճơ
ǰֻֻۣۣΪ˵ļױõѣ˽ӼǮ
ɽϵĻš
ǮǴ𲼵𣿸ҲòϣԼúõʱ򣬿뵽ڼ˵ϣͲˡŭϣѾӣٲģǮгԿʱ򡣡
ѾǰճơѾݵͼͬѾͷƺơ
Щ⡣
ϲΪ˺żңѹһͷŶһţԽ
أĸǰ˹䡣
ճƵƷ˺üۣĸӣ˭ܸɣ˭ĸαƫҪȥǡ
-

57 

ϰ˰֣ˣϱŮ쾫أϱѷɴ
صȥȡϡ
õԭû࣬ζһûκ
ȡϣϺÿ
ϵһĸĲҲдɫģĲ
ÿÿ
ɵЦš
·ʲôѽµľͲ
ﰵţҪϣԸɩĸףٻǸ˼ҵı¼ǣûˣҲ顣
յϱɵվ³緹
ҪͶ
ǳԵģٲ³̵ҪЩ
С̵֧ͷû
ҫ桢һͳˡ
ûǸ룬ҽ⣬ô໹ǳԣ
Ǳˣܲ³ա
ȫ£Ҳһճģ֪ܼ࣬
ϾЩۣϻ޷ʵƱͭǮôǮܹȫ»һˡ
˵öԣܸߴҪ֪ͷôһǮ϶Żǣ첻ϣ͵ڸ˶ԣŶ˵
ö⣬СذƱֻ֪ĵطֽͭǮص߹ͷȷŷġ
ռҲһƮ㣬ҶᵽһŨŨζ
ƽӱķ䣬һߣߴߴصãСˡ
ˣ
ӱ뵽Ī߹ӡ
Ƶ±ĻãǸĪľŹӡ
Ī߹ôĪŹӣ
Īʲôʣ
ҴȢɽҰΪޣҲ̧ˡ
ӱȴãҴĶϱɲõϱ
ǵޣӱ̽Եʵ
ͷ磬ĪҵĹĪŹӵţлСںɽٵĪŹһĪ˵֮ɲ˸ĪŹСף˸Ҫס
СһĪ߹ӣնԷ䣬ҲĪ߹ӣôͱĪŹˣĪǺҲ
ð緹ӱȥ˸ҡ
СڴǰӣɫƲϲŭʱʱԺֳ︡Ī߹ӿòһȻȷ绪
Ů֮ģеķľĪ߹ģڣ˱˴󲮸硣
-

58 

ĪŹȻòѷɫһء
ӱСĹ⣬þõؿ
СˣҲǲ⡣
ӱС˵ˣ
СعӹĪ߹ӣǼҵȴĪŹӡĪ߹ӽ³ɵףƴǶԶĵŮС÷ơ
Ҳ֪˵ıклܱýҼ޸ܡǰԤ檱˵ޣ޵ĵӱӣ
ֻĪĲɡ䲻ͣĸִżױҵܹĿԵ֡ĸհǵĸѾͷó裬ŵĸա
Ѿͷ̧ңӶùͷƸ檡ȫûȵġƸĺô񼮣Ѿͷȴūһãĸɱû˿˵
ӱһ࣬⣬ԲôӦ
ҲܾĪҵӣҲܽӴĪүˣΪ˸磬Ϊңʲô
׻˵˺١ֻҪˣЯգҪľһᣬҲԹ
ӱ˿СԼһвŻˣٷˣü޵ǴģȢӦӣһǿ塭
˵ԼĿԺУժ˾׼˵˶סˡ
Щ꣬һֱŮ߼ޣȴδöӸȢ
δҵļҾ࣬мıý˻Ҵɩ
Ǽ˵ǻϲŮһϽķŮأȴҪһŵӣһ㽫ּҵҲûټҵҲ޶ٲŸɵˡ
ӱ̫ŴӣвŸɵģ°˵ĸӵ۱ûŸɵһֻµµΪ˱Ϣա
С֪˵еŮӸ߼ޣӵȢҸȢӾѹ᲻һίԼ߼ޣӣʲôϵ
ӵޣȣǰ߻Ҫ󼸷֡
ӱʣǿ㻹Īˣ
ӡýˡĪŹӵŰݷã岻ԵԭСЦʵͦõģദЩ
ͨͺãСϣҸ֡
СﱾԲֻŬøϿøá
ȵĪߣҪ޵ıĪţ˵ķСȵҲĪţҲ±Ҵࡣ
ǮҲӣĻϲؼ޵Ǯҵϱ
-

59 

СֱӼһǮһŵڵӣʵ˵˭޵øøֻǾвͬ
Ǯ˼ΨһƾǷֳһԼļҵҵ񣬺ôʳǡ
Сʣȥسǣˣ
ҵ巻ɩӻ̡
ȼͬ˿Ҳͬ巻ྩǶӣר̫̫Ůǵ⡣ӻ̵Ǵյöˣ˼ྩС˼ҵĹּ̼ҹʹá
ӱС
С̧Ŀӡ
ҲҪͷˡ
С˼ڣޣޣ˵Ļ
ģҵϢһӵļ۶һʮ̼ˣˣӡС浽һ죬ȰŴĪҴ򱧲ƽȥҴ峤
Сﾪⲻģ峤׽û˵¡ƷԽԽã̿϶ͬ⣬Īͷ˺˵
һ˸ġ
˼ǰţܲԵ޹˵ôһ졣
ҽȥسǣ뿪ʱ򣬾ͷֲ¥иڿ
˵Աߣϵš
Цӯӯ˵
Ѿܿ϶ˣֻϣѡ˲ҪʧԼ
ʧԼ͵ŷʪʹ
һģǸΪ˻Ϊ˽
ڱʹĥˣӽΪڵ˿á
һģΪ˻Ϊ˽
ڱʹĥˣӽΪڵ˿һ缴еץסһݡ
ӱ˰ʱص塣
ƱȴôʱռҶϾϵ;跨ߡǮŪһŻ飬ȻԼһݡ
飬ȷĴ㣬һ״ʱ跨ӦԡŤתıơ
ҫһҽΪң˵ĳӶͻνĹΡ
ƾǰĵμ䣬ǰסţǰϡϱѾϣճҹ͵ƣ͵ƣǰϲź󣬹游ĸۣ常
ռ˾Ͳʲô֮
游ոĮȻֻǮˣչڴųӡļӣҫȴһӻˮԼı档
ļңˣֵ
-

60 Ѽ

ֻʼռǵһ仰䣬¡Ͽѡ񣬿Ǹĸ˲ѡˡѷ죬Ѱ޸ϵΪ飬ǲġ
ԭճϣα游ĸԼܵõ˵۰

ȷûע⣬Žӱķ䡣
ӻͳһȺѼÿԵԣ廨ۡ
˽ͺ졢ǮϾͻһööѼͨ᲻óԣŸճƳԡ
ʮǰճƣǿֺҸģǣʱΪϵԭ򣬲常ĮģȴҲ̱
̳̫ˣҪһ㣬̻ÿҲۣԡ
΢ᣬʮˣǵһůĵĻ
ӿ˵ҫҲ˵ɷǸţ˵Ļ
Ѽӣʲôʱ򶼿ԣǳԣԣ̸ˡ
ӱӹѼĳ֪ҫ游ӽˣҪӣҪ
ҶģϾҲſʼõġ
Ѽͻͷ̣ʲô
ʲôſ죬ӱûѼ
ѽһ⺢ӣǸ㲹ӵģҳʲô
̡ӱһѱסϣִ˵ķʽ飬̫ˣӦúúòϣܳ꣬㡭һҪúõġƲҪѼϣܽƽ
ϵıĻ˵һš
ľګƬ̣§ס˻ŮѼǸԵģôҳԡ
̣أ͸峤̫̫ÿбǵ죬ÿ춼ܳԵѩĨ
ϵĸůˣҪŮ
峤̫̫ӣһֱġ
һڣ
ҪҪ̳ԣҪðװֵģ̳ˣϾ͵ƾͿˡ
ӱѼҪвص̲ԵҾͲ廨ˣ̣ٳԣѵˡ
˵ЦţվƣһΪĸƽ£
ˣ
ô׹ȥôܣ
ĸǿŷߵֻ
һأЩȫġ
-

61 

Ժ⣬һ˵Ѱȴҫ桢츸ӹһǰһϴһɾ˫죬һƾù緹
뵽ͷԺõģȴûķݶɳ֪Тϳԣ󻹽Ķӣһȶԣҫ桢죬ǲ˵ҪμԿˣô飿
ĸȥϰСϡġ
Ͻһ죬Ǯأ۾峺
ӱܸоԼϣһ˵ǮЩܿơ
ˣôܸıһء
һںһˣںԸΪı䡣
ѾﵽΪԼıĵز
һӶǮʮˣھƾԼһ֮ˡ
Ǯһͳͳ
֧᲻塣
һ񳿣ɩǽʮӦʮǮ
ӱЦɩ٣񳿽ʮӣʮ顣
ʱعζУǲɵģϱƷõسǣҲǰǮһ飬Ǯϣǿʮģôľ͸ˣˣˣʮӣɵðʮǮأ
ԭιȥû뵽׬ǮӾŭĻǣָıӾһѵ⡣
һʲôسǵʱ򣬿Щ˵ˣȥƷͻѹۡһ飬Ҳ˵ĵģ£Ͳһȥغˣһ˼ʮǮĽʮǮֽһ֧ˣããֽȫûˡ
ϵɤŸˣżʮǮ۲ѡ
һýǹŹֵúܣȫ˳²˵⣬ǰһͲͰգȻһ鶹
Ҳ˵⡢£ĵľȻ
ϵӣǿҲͳˣĳʿɱţˣѽ
϶ճƸԻƸղţϹؽճƵӣ֪͵͵һѼճƳԣûƼѼֲûԹ˭ϡ
϶ճȥسǵ·ϸ˵˺ûϺת
ճƲˣ
ڼ˵ʲôƣǰǴӲѵģͰˡ
ⶼճƺģ
-

62 ָ

һˣ֪ͷĵԺƷˣȥس򣡼ϱϱǵƷŮ죬ȫ̸õسü۶
ҫϽɫЩ緢ԾѽһŤͷͼ󷿵ĺϡǶɹ²
ƫӲڲü֮ʱȽϴľôˣⲻһ顢飬Ǻü飬˴ġ긾˵ģС˴ϡ
㡭ˣ
뵽Լʮӵ£ͷŮã巻Ĺ˽һȣһӶʮǮôܸɰɣ
ҫĸףһӲͶʮģһһӶˣҲֵˡ
ĸӵǮ˰ɣ
ճƵһ⣬˵©죬æ磬ĸȫ˳£Ǵĸ֮ģŮĸûǮ
ŭ죬ͻǮˣǼӻҾͻˣ
ճƱ˹˳̣ǼĴ󹦳ռӣŮּңԹԭ帣ģΪ˼øãǲġ˵Ǯɽ亣ζ޳УҲǼһõģ
Ů˵ɲǴ󹦳ӣмš
̹ˣԽ첻˳ۣѾǮʮϣҲ֪Т游ĸһ񡣡
ӻţ治֪ôŮģ游ĸȫްТġ
ǸأǮͷԾƳ⣬ҲŸĸûоԣͻǮˣֻԼģǿȫ˶зݡ
Ƶصĸҿûݰ
ճæ㣬ĸ˵ˣҪǮ̣žʹ޳УҲϡˣѣ˵ûͷ͸ƼҵıǴ
ĸҸ㣬ƼҵػûǼҶ࣬ҲûǼ棬Է˿ڱǼһࡣ
磬ƴŮ޳һŮȢϱĸƼҴ󷿾ʮˣɾƴ˵СӣŮȢϱ޳ȥŮʮˡټһ˼жʮڡ
˶ƼͳʮĶĶеأʮĶµأһ굽ͷҲֻǿӣ׳Ѱ׬ǮǺѰġ
ĸ˵ҽӼ˵ϻǮӳԣͱѸعƴɽһʮǮǮϲ¡
ΪǮܴع¶϶ûǿԣ£ѵһ¡
-

63 

ϡճƵĵԽԽˣ첻ˡ
֪Ƽҵŵ֪֪ɻҫ游ţǼｫпΪٵģҿǰӣճƸ˵ˡ
һĲ˼塣
ճƵ˵¡
Ƽǻѻ
궼£Ǯ
ϡҲ֪Ǯôġ
ӣҲùôá
ճƵ¶¾ֻ̲֪յȣȥɹͻˮȥ˵ˣﻹ˵ɹɣ϶л٣˭֪ȵˮ͵ģйƤţʪʱǳЩװڿһ΢ðһɹҲװƽһ
ȥɹĻֻ˵ˣˣֻˣ̾ûᡣ
Ƶģǡ常ͶǻӴɹŪһȣ⵾Ⱦ͡ͲɹԶҡ
˵͵ˡ
ͷչ޷ѹֵŭʲôǰѼĵŪˣ
һӵȣöٶһﰴмǮ㣬ҲһǮһӡ
ϡƶĿɿڴ
ɤӣ֡žž͹ȥҫ桢츸һһƣðǧһ˵⵾ɹɣûôģôˣΪɹΧ͵ˣԭǸɵĺ£
չڽԺţϿһ̣һŭݵɣСߣƼģ
ճƼ﷢£ͷ
ɵƼ˼أ
ӡҰʱͷˣǰ˵˵Ķģﲻ˵˵游ĸ壬Ҫ֪ɳ£϶ġ
ÿ굽յȵʱһ塢ֵֹسţҾ֪ôɡΪ˷ס죬ÿһͭǮ
ճµļȷʵڰ귢ֵġ
ҫ游ǲ꿪ʼɵģͲö֪ӱжϣǿ϶ǵһΣȷʵ͵ȵʱ̫磬Ҷֿ졣͵ʱˬ죬չڳũģҲ
ҫ游ӲҪҪ뿪ǰݺݵطһѣͲӱ
ΪԼΪǰճơ
ͷӵصһΣǸսƵңҾͷ̵ȥɹͶ̧ҡ뵽˵ĻͶ
-

64 ֤

˲ʣιٽ塣
ͻңһǰţʧҹ˯Ժʱ򣬾͡͡ĸȥţţĻǶĸŵġ
һڣ˶޷Ӧ
Ҫճƣĵӣ
⣬׵ճƣ㲻ҪѪˡ
˼ţʧ𣬲⣬ճ޹أǸǱݵġ
ΪϵѵĸŮˣдļСС
СˣһżңҪƵģкģȻٲ̽ġ
û뵽ĸŮ˵ռҵϴСеؽ£һ£ĸŮע⣬һ˲ãռ⾪˵ܡ
ׯǵ¸صģû뵽ĶﾹɳȲҪ¡
ȡΪ
ҫ游͵ɹȣǾǼ
⻹㣬ճײƴ£Ȼ뵽ŻɱˣҪڣҵĸ죬δҲ̫ˡ
ӱشף硢ĸ磬Ҳ벻һѲ벻һǷŻ֤ݡ
֤ݣﻹ֤ݡ
ƱѾסˣ㲻Ҫ˵˵ʲô֤ݣ
ӱһֻ游ĸ̤̤ʵʵعӣһƽƽģǡҷһжˡ
ҽռȻ˵塢磬Ϊû֤ݸſڿ裿Ҫó֤ݣǴ峤ﳤص֤ʱãɱδ죬Ĺǰ̻ס𣿡
ӱ¿ڼ廨ûٹעһһǰҲɹ󷿣۲һ֮󣬷ִȻĮȴûҪ˼
Ҳһҹ򼱣ʱҫﴫ˵˷ִ֪ԭƼҽӼϣڽӼҹӣҫҪֶǮ
ҫ˵ûУϾ͵򵾹ȵ˵¶˵Ҫ¸ո
ҫ汻ƵûһӳϷű졣
ʧļˣĮԲǣɲܺˡ
ԭֻ۱ֻۣ游ĸ游һװףĸһӸּңأТ˳ǡ
ĸһƬģȫҳ˼ѣǾĸǮˡǲҪĸǮ˵ϲ⣿
󲮸µŪׯڣһ굽ͷиճɣȴ͵ɹĵǮ˽ºȾƳ⣬˵򻨣
̫˺ˣûТ˳游ĸûô󲮸֡
-

65 

޿̡̣
ֻԼ
ĸ͵ĵȵǮѳҽӼãǿЦƼԶǼҵӺùʵӼҰɣ
ΪƼҲһţ͵ȵвÿһӾ͸һӣǮȴйɶ顣
ǰǰʼģѲɣҫͼ˰굾ȡ
Ҳ˲ӣͺʲôӣǮԼȾƳ⣬Լֳʳȥ˶飿
С˵ǲģﰵйɶ飿ǹȴҶ飬˵ʲôҲ˶飿ɿš˹٣ǵ棿
ƾʲôҪ˶飬顣
˵ûж츳ֻҪ̿࣬ôͲܶˣ
ҫĶӣȴ˶磬﹩ɣ顣
ɾúģǷŭѡ
ظסҲТ˳ĸף˵ʲôԭɡ
ϴأȥĶˣֶ飬ԼӶظҪǮΪʲôɣ
ϣôˡ
׶Ӳܣֶ¡
һʱһһµûϺüӣǰ׻Ӱٵȡ
Ϊ˳ּңΪöܶ顢ܳԱϸ㣬һ굽ͷ׷ûԼڣ˵ȹ˶顣
󷿵˺ܷŭ
ɣ͸͵˵Ȼ˻ʹ
Ͼòģȡˮչڴͷֳģһ࣬ȴҫⲻֻ֪ȾƳ⣬ӵ˸͵˵ȣѹЩñǺãͷлӣԭôģ
Ǿ˵ɵӸˣˡ
չһֱԼǳӳ֣ǼȨģΪԼͷҫ棬ĲŸɡĻҫ棬ԭԼ׵֪
һûסźⶼʲô£һӲɻͻз͵ĵȣˡûˣûˣҪּҡ
˫ĹģأǼҵǮˣ˵ƼҸģ˰죬ȫ͵˵ȵǮ
չ࣬߷ߵŭҫ档
Ųӣ¶ȵճƣ˵˵˵͵ȣó֤ݣ㡭㡭
ҫ˿ö⣬ǲϣһˣһ˿ɱùҪףҪ󣬹ɳŲ¡
-

66 ͵ʳ

Ӷ˳ӱ˹ȥ
չһճǰôСߵƣǻ˲ɣ
Ե£ȥģջʱֻƽƽׯˣô֪ˮδ
ȥһˮǶġ
ȴһڹ
ӱ˵ĻռҴ󷿼Ųɡ
ϿµҪּңûˣǴһȴ˺ãӹ˶飬ҼɴɣôͲܶˣ꣬ʮĺӣ͸µظɻ⵱ﲻۣ
ҪּңҪּңּңû
ռֵúأڿޣڿޣɽĶҲ۴ޣ֪ģΪʲô¡
дĺӣȥ˽Ӹո
ոɽ˽һָɽѧʣҲ̴ĺӶ顣
ؼҰɣǼҳˣ
ϡСںӱ߽ϴϣϴˣɺͿԼ£и˹ţɩؼҰɣǼҶַˡ
ոɽ˽һ·챼ؼҡ
լͷѾΧ˼ʮΧ۵ĴŮڵۣҳŵĴ˵ԭ
ü׵常͵ɹȣ￴
ñ˵ȵǮȥֶ顣
һǰռţʧռҶɡɷŵĻ𡣡
￴͵ɹȣռɱڣ
һװףû뵽һȫҫϣŶ
δ̫˰ɣǿȻŻɱˣ
ɽǵۣҲô¡
ÿյȵʱڣϡչ߶ǰȳȥҲ룬ǼôȥֻʣˣˮҲ̫ˡ
ոԺţͿڵϴشޣﻹյĵģ
ԱߣҲ޳ˣֱҪּҡ
ո޴ֳɺͳռҵ棬ҪҪˣ
ֹס˴ޣȪһ㣬ֹס»
Ĳѵص̵̫ˣǲǵһˣȴ͵ɹϵĵȣѾ˺Щꡣ
ΪüúЩ̵ֻڼ׳ԣȴѵɵǮȥɶ顭
-

67 ָ(ĸ)

ո˼ʮ飬Ҳµظɹչܶһ棬ûµأһ˽ӵ
һۣأ˶л˵
ȫǷ߿֮ɫ
ϡСϱľ裬ԺָָڣֻƬ̾Ūô¡
СϣǶ·ˣ
ϲ˵ΧҲ֪͵ɹȵ±ճƸֳġ
üͷ֪ˣ͸ø罫ˡ
׻ûס
ոɣԺŹϣһ˶ݡ
ϰһųԼߣһ壬ͷſϻ񣬻֮Ϲһңдţʫ鴫ҡϹ˸¯ɽһɽ髡һ̺ҡǽɡɽɵġ
һŷոжڴ÷ĵط
ոλ
ϸˮСطϡ
ոˣҲɣ޴ֻЦʲô£һ˶ڣ˵գһŤͷϴ˵ô£
չڵҺɻʱ򣬼Ѿֿˡ
˭֪
ϵ׾֪
ǰֲʶҲѧ秵˵
Ͼͽ£һֲ©˵ˡ
ոӱ֤ݣίʵԾ£֤ݣʲô֤ݣ
ҫ´ģûд˸һҿι
ǲּңµĴºü׮ܷ֡
ȢƳ󣬴ʱּҾͳɣôҲҪϴһӡ
ף͵ȵǶӵĴ˶飬īֽҪǮ
˵дʣ·ʲô£Ǽ˼öȵ¡
ϵܣܰǮøƼңɶ飻󣬾ţ븸˽͵ȣб˽ң
һת£ܳϣһˣܲԹסĸףƼҼҴ˶࣬ǹͣôһ˻һɶ飿
˵ʲôϡ
ҫûɶ顣ԼӶ鶼˲ǮӼƼҡ
ոҫ򸾵ķϻ⣬һɶ棬Ͼû飬Ҫˣӹòԣ
΢΢ü˵ȵõǮҲʱʱҫãÿ궼ʡʡ꣬ҫ˵ûǮ
-

68 

Ƽ͵͵ƼҸӵ¡
˵һ˵ˣּңк档
ּң󷿲ṩǶ飬ƾһˣ޷ׯڣӿ϶¹úá
游ȵǮ˱īֽ⣬ĸײûнӼƼҡ
ûУ
ôûء
ոˢˢĿӱϡ
ҫصСߣ⻰ɲܺ˵˵¿ɴС˵һҺҪ֮˸˴ɡ
󷿵˽Žɡ
಻֪¸˭Ļ
ӱûа־ţɫȻ󷽣塢ǸҷЩûӹɶ飬ƼҳйĶˣйĶˣۣӢţ
Ƿģ
β԰ճһڽǹɶ飬򸾲ϣĻһϷЩӡ
˲ⶫ֣µķġ
ϾһƼң
Ͼ²򵥣ûɣΪʲôҷģãȵǮɶɣ
ҫҧҧ̧ϲģҷ
ƼҵĶɣֲӣӢûϵ
ҫصصҫģ
ģһ̧֣סҫ죬뺦ƼǲǣôϣƼҳţ˹壬ˣԶɡɶаġ
ܷģⶫʱаŵúܣõĲ黵顣
ƼұˣǸ漸˵Ը
нӼңְйɣϣҲšʲôģҲܸнʿΪԣƼԽԽƼҵˡ
ϵǮֶˣǮȵģǡϱƷµǮһ½½ǸһǮ
ǰͷ˵ûڲ÷ģ˵ˡ
ˣûһ滰
³ֻͷЩŵ
չڸӿɲǵĻ
ɤţָϵǳģƷǮռҵģСϼ޵ռңռˣƷǮҲռҵġȻռҵǮȥӼˣô룬㻹Ӷ飬ҲҪǮģ
Ϲ˵ͷ͹˲ͷ
˿һ룬ԼĻ©ٳ
Ȼ֮䣬Ǳ롢ʧ
ĸ׽Ӽɣ׿ڳϵģɱҪҲȶ硢˵ܶҪҪ
-

69 Ҫв

ԽƲϣ˵Ƽ㣬ӣЩǣϣǲҪռ㣿
ϲ硣
汻ƼҵһǧɣֶŮǵĻҲ衣
üһ汻ݣҲǣΪšˡʿȴһ򷸹ʧ±ݵĸףƷҲܵɡ
ո¾ͽҹȥˣӽտʼƷ¾ͽ˰죬˿ߡϵɴ󷿵˾֡
ǰȥ˵ĲȨ
ոʣСߣǰ˵ɡɻţ֤ݣʲô֤ݣ
ӱ΢ûд𻰡
ƼЦã㲻Ǻ˵˵ɣ
뼤̽ʲô֤ݡ
ӱһǰ˯ҹһ죬Ϳ˶硢ĸ˹ġһ£ҹ絽ţһéݣĸǻӡһֱţҿ֪͵ɹȵ£ǶҶɱġ
ӱݸһЦЦù죬ҹｫéݷº󣬵ĸ缸뿪ˡĸ绹ǲǵãŻ֮ʵţľҴΡ
Ц̫ˡ
ֵͷһۡ
һǿˣʧҹһֱһû뿪ӡ
Сϳڣӱȥԩģ֤ݸ״ɩΪƾ֤ԣ˻𣿡

֤ݡ
ӱͻطſɤţնɡɷŻɱ˵֤ݣУ
ոһæСߣСЩֵûô
ɲԼҳȫЦ
ӱƳˣոڱжǾġ
ǽҴţַŻ֮ʱҾ֪ǲ֪֮ԼѲҵһʱѰ֤ݡ
ҹ֪ǷŵĻ𣬻д񿴵֪˭ǣõ֤
֤ǻ첻ˣȥţѰ֤ʲôԲסҲ˵Ҳҽ֤һȫĵط
Ժ⣬ѲǿˣڹȻҪвռˡ
ţʧ죬ﻹ˿նɡɷŻ
ﻹϳˡ
ȴûռҹ˭
ռܲڴһʣҼҶɷŻ㿴ûУ
ⲻ֤ˣ֤˻ᵣԼΪء
-

70 ϴ

ҫӱѾͷĻԽԽء
ȭͷֳĹס˵
ǲ֪ӱ⻰ټٶУԭΪթǡǰ¼䣬һƲ⡣
ӱռɱڣڣͻ֤ҵѪȥΪԩ״
һƣԵ٣ؾǸܹ֮Ҳ١ǰһͷ廧ҿε˼ҡԵҽѴױ
˵֤ݾͷŵ廧˼֮һһң˲˫ȫҵ¸أֻҪһ£ͻᵣϷŻɱ֮
Լ˼һ˿̵Цݡ
ոȣѾͷʲôʱôˣȻ֤ݽˣ˵¸أָȨҲ٣СϰտԿġ
ʮĽţãǰиǵרŵʱһӣǮʮʮҲеġ
ЦһСһˣֺαô˵Ǽ£͵硢ĸ˻ҡϴ
ӱðʱҹ£Ͱĺɺͷ滹ҡ
µĶƾʲôҪˡ
ҭһ¡
ƵУ
ûغɺ󷿱ضҪֻֻûֻʲôױ
ոҿͷ滹㣬֤ݵ¡
֤Ǵˣڴ鼸ʮֻ꣬ҪĴ뿴Ժô˵þĨȥˡ
ҫĺݣҲͿ˭飬ǿڰɵϣҲ봦á
һСѾͷǰĴճǲˣֲɱõķǽԶޣ޵ԽԶԽã޸ˡ
ҵǸˣ游ǲҲóͷһˡ
ã⡣
ϵͷ˸ɻǰ˵ôѽԺ󶼹ϴ¡ι
ԼҵǮӼƼҾۣϡСϴӽʼм
ɽ嶼˼ʮԣҲˣһµظɻաũæʱ򣬶ܡҲµظɻ飬ҲũСũʱɻʱ顣
ƾ˾Ҫ⣬ũжڼ顣
ǰոƫڳ£͵һͬʡ
ɽҲһũæµظɻһš
-

71 

˾Ȼֳĵ͵ȥǮԼǮӡ
ҫµظɻʮ꣬ͲɵĻչҲǸųѧ˼ŵ
ոֵڣµһ黭ȡҫ棬ϻߵĺɺͷ滹СߡϵļױСߡ
ţ£밴ȥк󻼡
ҫ治⡣
ƾ͸Ըˣö˶
ոݵǻ벻Ϊ٣ձհ죬£ϷͲˡ
֣µġ
һո󲻹ܣ˭Ǯ˭ĸαɲʲô󷿣ֹգǰķּҡ
ּңζգ
游֤ܲý
ҫһˣϹͷŽ˺ܲãûЦˣ󷿵ɽҪ˵ģҲܵЩǣ
ȴӦ¿š
Ѿͷֵǻᱻȥ˼ҡ
Ǽңڣ
̫ףʰ㣬ɱָռһ
ֻǣڸǾȹЩˣЩйϵû뵽ЩϵŮҲû߼ռҵõЩΪ٣Щ˰æıʵȱ񲻸á
ճ뿪ռңǲǿԽ׽飿
ֻǣ֪Щ˼Ƿ϶飬õͺˡ
ܱճƴϣ϶ǲһطϽǮ̳ڵ£ֽκڷשͷһճһҲԼ
˸ǾȥѰ
ոСߣ塢̬أ
˵ģ˵ˣҲ˴󷿡
ɺƶҪ׵ˣɲ¸ˡ
չڵͬ
ö׻ˣµĶƷٶֵǮ绹ȥܵø
ӱҪµĺɺͷ棬黭֮ﲢûзϡ
ոСߣţʧ£ڶ£˵㿴ۡ
࣬ѾѰҪء
ǻضҡ԰֤ݽ
˸˳ݡ
ոһˮƽϸ֮£ȴ;
չڸӵĿСߣǰɫ֪ǸѲģô꣬Ȼܹǲס
-

72 

յºǴռơ
Сϵɣ˺⣬³ȡ
æʲôԣûǸͷͳԱˡҫ̫ģ͵ɹĵȲ˵ֻԼ֣⡢ţθ˳ԡ
־òģ͵ԡҴҽ˳˺ͶԼ޷ŵٴİǰɴϡ
游ĸóǹгǮõǮϵǲҲù鵽С
һ䣬Щ˵ôߣɻִ⡣
ϵϱ⻰ļױҪǮҸĶҲù鵽Уûͷúáʲôãô꣬Ҳû׬Ǯһϱ߰ɣȥѾȡϣ
ûƲ
ҫдţԲҷֱ硣
󷿶Ƶϣ˵ǾܾܾƱױ
󷿵ĸ˸ϽƷ
Ͽϡѣ¶Ц⣬ͷ϶һһطš
קӣȥȴʾ⣬֡
ϵЦһôֻа˿ϣĿȥĶˣ
Ǯʱɼǵͷʺ˴ļ񣬿ɽȴûƼ
һǡǱҫȥ˻Ǯá
Ȼɵ£㻹ƫƼң㲻ƼĿϣɫøѣɫĸ˴ĸϺɫĸĸ
ϴ㵲ѣû뵽ҴĻԼ׶ӡ
ɺʧڵĸ׹ɶʱǲʺԹޡ
׶ӣȴɣǮɻ
ϵ£֪ģǰֻС£ڿȴ˴¡
ƫɣӰֲԹ޵˸
ðϾһ̧־һƣصشϣĶûǰТ͸ˣȻƼܵãϱϱĸŮһһ飡
Լûһ飬ˡ
Ƶ̣ǵüϣҲһ
æõѣɲԳĸŮ
ˣǰո˵ǮҸƣ˵ʲôҪƵױأԼˣȸƼҡ
ĸŮһԣһ㲻ϲ
-

73 

ԽƲ˳ۣѾƼģƼҸԺȣ´ˣѺöƼңɼҲûģ޵ٺãҲǷֺããĸҲָ㡭
ַûƵģͷõسȥܻܲҺģʮѾͷһˣТӦõģӴãҸá
Сϲ֨
СͶƫЩϵ岮Ҳƫ̫ˡ
һ̵ĳɫãϻسŴ̵ȥ۰͸һõġ
ｫӱ˸
ĳѾͷҪϾͲᱻϴŴ󷿵˸Ϸˡ
ĸ磬쾹ǵ̨
һֱǵã˵ɵ츳ãΪ٣Ҳһ̡
϶·Ȼ˿϶ˣ󷿵˸һ飬Ƹӱһϡ
ӱԭϡģ뵽˲죬ˬˣлưԼ˵
ھӱһӪģ̫ˣ͵Ȳ˵ƫƼˣӱ˵Щƽ
˾ҫ򸾵
ſߣʵΪڣ߽
ҫ죬˵ˣٳӣ游ǵģĸѾƻˣǲò
뵽ˣ΢΢һЦֻܷģұƽƽġ
ҫ˿ѾϵμȥأǿɾͿˣϵļױ뷨ӣȺסó
ϵһͷ
СҲһ⡣
ɴԴӱҪҪߴ󷿻游ĸ
ҫɫɣǲһˣѾˣ֪Żû֤ݣٽԶԶؼˣԺ˵컰Ҳû˻
һ˶ԲߣָԷɢȥ
󷿸Ŷᣬɽף־һǡ
չڵˣԽԽˣ͵ȣŻɱˣҪСߡ
˿̣Ųˮȥ̵ɷ裬˴ɵòһ¡ҪãѾˣ湻ĺݵġ
ҪҪã
ƵסֻɽǼʱ֪ģѲɣѾѰˣ
ЩӣǸӲسǾϣýţѰţôԣ²ܡ
-

74 ı

˼ʮ飬Եûѧᣬѧĺ˽СߣվǴ󷿡
ǡ
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ϵ䵽ԼĸֻˣΪ˳ӣΪ˶ĺӣӦö¡
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ܹϴģܲģ
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ܸСߣܻ˼Ĵ¡
̵ɷԹۣлˣɴȴܰ׼ô
㲻СߣҲӦøĸ
СŶɡɷŻɱ˵֤ݡͲ´ŭСߣִ󣿡
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ϼලۺˮӵģԸСϣ棡
ڿժˡ
ǰЩʱˬݣûԷ粻ǳ˺ͶŶûԷһ
ΪƫңһӻûضϱĴ
Сһԡ
溬⣬̬ưӱ
ٵ죬֪
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75 Ự

ŰɽҽɽҶѾ˿ǣã˿ߺƯϺƯǰĲһҲ̫ÿˣһ
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ˣǿһ𳤴ĽãôܿñСã߰ɣ
ӱⲻѡ
Ƶô࣬߰ɣȥĶɣǱڼδߣͷǮԺţάơ
ӱ֪ΪҪӣҼҡ
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76 

㣬ĶҲߣһԼ弼Һһݼױء
Խжˣûܿñ˸ˡãһأ뿪
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ﳯԻϣһΪ˷ֹصӹŮͯҲΪ˷ûл飬˲ѷס꣬ҲлС
һ仰ûл飬粽С
ãִ㲻Ầ㣬߰ɡ
ٲ߾ˣ֪Ҫã游Ҳ֪ģǶûֹ֪ˣٵʲôҲ֪ǰõù;øˡˣЩһ廨˵ãԹۡ
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±ȥСøƵģȻСȴӱס
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77 ˮ

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ڣþȹǵĺӣǲܲܵµŮԹۣ֮ԾȪµĵã
ڣ˲ûġ
չûӵһֱǹϵĺá
Ǽ͵ƲɻģΪϺһСߡ
㲻Сߣ
ΪʲôǸӣǲǾõźҲ˵ҲǲǲܰΪ̫̫಻ƫ˶ܣһֱԹ޶ܡãжСߣǶ֪
ѱһҲѰ۵øףžЩʳҲûţ·ǴЩҲЩ࡭
ԭЩôġ
ǲǲܻ˱Сߣһ־ͻݣһֻʱʱйеԹޣΨС߲Ų֮ΣŲܵ˺
չڵû뵽㾹Ǹ޵ģϲ˵ȴ˭
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չεֹ̾ˣСνɷŻ˵ΪԶģֹ»ƵøΪʹɱ֡
ոǶˣһҲɱ˵ġ
С˵ʵոķŭɱ⣬ûƼչȴƵġ
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Ĳܣһ뷨ӵġ
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һƬţֻǱ˴˵ĺ
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78 ʷ

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79 ǽ

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80 

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81 

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82 

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83 թ

ʱֻͷһеǴͷĶ˳Ẉ̣̂ҵȥһ仰˵Ҵ粡أǿͦȥˣһ档
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84 

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85 

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86 

ֱӱ֪˵Ϊ˻Լƶ֣Щ⡣
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Сϳסƣȴͷһֱˤ˸Ľų졣

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ϼԼĶϱŮƸˣҪ·ϣҪ֣ҶҹŮһָͷҾʰ㣡
ܹϵĵ꣬˵СӴܲҪ֣ƫСϰæ˵Ҫæ
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תһۣãأôʰ
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ҪɿϾͶ㣬ָƽе㡭аˣҶϱʲô
ΪʲôڵϳɤӼУ
ΪСǶЦѣ
һ֣
-

87 Ѩ

ָϣٸԣûˣҸÿš˵ͷһϵ·ͬһֻʤĹСΨнŴӮˣʹˡ
ʱеĺӾԺ壬Լҵ棬һ˭ҽҼԺţҴȣ
Ǻʱ˳ȥ
ƿ˿Լ֣ãǵط
ӱЦһ£ЩҽҵģԺ۸㣬ҽļַʰˡ
Թۣ̫֣ӱת߽ϣһ˿Цݡ
ˣʹʲô
ӱһ䣬϶ʱ۴ݺᡣ
΢С죬ԭô˵ģһ䣬ޡ
ޣЦӱһ£תЦ
Ժ⣬˿Ŀɿڴ
С˷ܵصõ˿޺Ц
Ҫѧ
ͷһʲôǵѨ
˵ģ˵һЩˣͻֵѨˣҪ˵ȴֿЦ
ѨҪѧ
һʮĺӣأеСԸΪʦѧϰѨң
ڲ԰
ӱһۡ
ЦǺǵصһΪúҿЦģԭʰˣٺ٣ã֪ãҺѾʲôֱӶָˡ
ֻʹʹû嶼᲻Ὣʹ
СڹЦЦöӶˣɾͣ
Ͽ޼ЦʱȪӿڷйЦʱ˺ߣЦ⡣
ӱ㣬ûƳϰ츳һεѨˣôá
ƾ츳
ӱͷںɽҵʱѨѧ£ﻹ츳ֻһ죬˱ˡ㣬츳廨ϰϰ
ƮƮȻǰѧĶȤ
ڲԶһӱ˵Ͻ̵ģǶôģ
ЩҽѨֹʹһ֡
һգҽߣܵһ˵ǣЩҽϾõ
ʮĺӼԼıӣһߵΪͽգ
ӱЦǽŮҽҪŮҽ
ʲôŮҽţ˵øһ
-

88 

ЦСʯͷ㻹нӵģѧҲҽ̰
и˸壬СʯͷǺ˫գӵվһ½ţҰƵܿ
кӴеˣ
ոǰͷż˽ӵѧͯ
һԼԺΧŵڶڣոܲӹһâǴδйŭ⣬һŨŨɱ
ӱոĿţո뵽Ůֳ£ռ澡ʧ޲죬һˡʱߣԺֿЦϣһЦСϣڵϴʹơ
̵̡СˡǵѨ
ոһŤͷŭѨ
Ƶ游Ϊʲôʼ﷢ʲô£ɩõӣõӷ˱顣õǶµģǶļױǷҪᡣ
ո߷ߵصӱҪͲֳ
ӱˡ
Ƶ游㵽֪֪常ɵ£øˣôܼޣ޿ŮˣѾ檰˸Ůˡ
ոֺģ
֪ϵýšţҪߵ£ҲϲŮüĲ̫ƽȫֳģܻӣü徲ֻ۱ֻۣװ֪
ǡѵҪ˵Ǵɩģⲻܣ常˵ʱģǸ常ҪõǮױĸ籸Ƹ¸
ոýһȫǴ˵
˵
ֱȥһӪĺ⼸ǻ˸ɾ
Ƶб¼ŮȢΪʲôҪã
ո΢񣬾͵ðأ±˵ԻǰΪЩ£ڿǸ
ܳ£ռҾĻᱻƲ
ʮ꣬ھأȫҲñȫԼؼ֡
ٵһеױճơ
ոС꣬常£˵˼ҵ£ˡ
˳ˮۣϣǼٵģϾûּңˣҲĶŮæЦ⺢ӣ˰ؾΪСߡºˣԭǱ˼ҵ£ССߣǽòٵˡ
ϴ
Цúܲãԭ˰
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89 

ӱȴ⻰ղո￴ŨŨ񣬸һ˲ŵɱ⡣
ո󾹶Ѷɱģݲ
вʳӣո涯ɱ⣬ҫӷŻɱˣȺݶӾո
СѨ
һ̯ҲᣡֻѨûѧѨ
ոɨһܣĿͣפӱϣСߡ
ӱҡҡͷ游ҲѨ
˵Ϲղո˵˵ŮǱ˼ҵģûаֵ⣬ʲôס
Ѩǲ˽⣬Ц޹ʹⲻջһЩϢ
Ϊ游ûֹڣոĺøҲûˡ
ȻǮ˭Ǯ˭ٵ⣬ܽ˭ĸαϾǵ춹ģ
ոջﲻ࣬ݶĮͰˣҲһ˽ˡ
˾˽ӵһǼʮ꣬䣿
СŸͻȻͣһղһЦþе˼ڳ
Ʋɲصãôˣ
ӱͶﻹûأôͲˣǲʱ
ƻ˱飬ʱܣקͷק˼ʮգȻֵʹЩ
ģһѨİգ
ƵɩǽѨˣ
ǲѨֻܵнѨ˵Щָ˵Ѩ书ԽߵʱԽãõЦʱ䡣
Ц죬ǲǰ˸Цˡ
һû򣿡
ӱ˵ͷ
С˵ǣ˵Ѩ򣬲ƣɱ̫֣
һתСŵòһ¡̲סҪЦĸоɲҪһΣĳѾùˣЦ̫ãĸηȫʹһûУƣʲô
ٵѨüЦЦȥ϶ᱻЦ
ĶۣؿۣĶʹ
ֿЦ±
ȻһӣϱĳҲˣӻ治
һɩɱңѧѨȡңҾ͸ЦѨЦ
Сϴ˺⻰ŵģֻ㣬⣬һܿƣֻԺзЦ
ոԸϵ㲻ӶˣԺŹϣ
ͲܰЩôǵֵȫ˶֪
-

90 

ոý²˳ԽԽա
ڵϷȥһۻƾƵߡ
ʱʱЦСߡ㡭ҽѨ
ӱö⣬˵컨׹ϽѨͿʱʱЦһӵطڡҲѨ
ƲټУ˼֣ɳƣã㣬ʹҽ˰ɣãõѨģ϶ᡭ
¶⣬û뵽ѹʮƾȻ䵽һ죬㣬˵ˣϰ츳ңᰡѧô꣬϶Ѩ
ӱ㣬ֻ㣬⣬ҪѧѨʦ
Ƶôʦָ£ҿ϶ͻˡ
ƮƮȻţýѧñûɫɾ츳ԭҲǸġ
ﰵССߺŪˣСѧᣬôܣֻ˲¶ˡȥ꣬Сװɵ㶣˭ףӣһֱܾˡ
ո¶ɣСߣ治Ѩ
ӱ游治ᡣ
ոյˣСһɣ
ӱûԣΪܱѨΣ³ֲû
Ʋ⣬游ƾʲôµҪǽõӷ߰㣬Ҳ֡游ȥƣõͷǸˣȣһȣҹô˯
õıӣҲǸˣӣһߡµשͷһصשͷ
ӱΪȻصǻӣȥ˯
Ʒ˸ӵƺʹỺЩˣЪ˹ش𣺡ƾʲô
㣬˵ƾʲôƾǻҵͷӣҵӣûض˯Ȼ˯ӣ˯ӣŹƽ
ճƣſбµҼſҵƣ㻹ʹã
߽̻ƵѨһӽˡ
ȻǼŮûһõġ
ӱЦͬĻһ㡣
߽ͻһλ˸طƵϣֻ˺ƺһؼһȴһĴʹճƣӣ㲻ú
ӱԴżص游ƫŵˣ״Ԫ֮ţҲȻΪ֮գ
Ƕո˵ģҲǶ˵ġ
-

91 

ոֱӣָӱ㡭Ŀˣý㡭
游˵ˣ۵ңǲΪˣǵˣǶԹ硢Ƿǲ֣
Ťͷ˳
кѡ
˵ѵģ⼸겻˺ոҫֻ飬ˡ
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ʱ̣ռҵǴӵ
ԶԶһʹſЦ֮ɵӿŲ
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ĸŮ˾ͷңɫǷϣһ󲡡
ҫ߼ôˣ
Сϵ̵ػ
ƴӳ̽һԴӴǻˣ硢磬ȥõƣĸһߣԹ緹˾ͱýļױΡòǾͰõӷ˸׳죬Ƕȥӻס𣿡
ӱ޷ſڣһ͸һ㣬ʵĿãҳһŲ˵̵صשҲˡ
СϿ޵Ƿӣͬģ㡭ƾʲôǵѨǳⳡͷ
ƾʲô·εοԼˣԼ˱۲˵乫ģ򢣬ȻһŮӡ
ؿŻʱЦʱ޵ϣʹƣǱõѨˣ
Ц磬ɣãѧ²ѧᣬңһѧˡÿ˵ˣұѧ츳Ǻǣǵ츳ͬҲǱ
չ΢ǱС߸ˣƫﲻ֪Ϊѧı¡ѨˣǰҲû˵ûѨ
ӱӽһ¹
Ž£ٰ˵þǱֳĬ˵ǻ䣬ո϶һˣ˵ʲô
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ȥǲҪˣ
ƻعζسŹƬ
ãˣҸղŷûΣ
ӱǷˣԼûΣԼ֪
㲻˵ʱٷΣ㳴˵ʱûΡ
һͷǸ˵ģһ˼Ծͱˡ
-

92 

ӱ㣬ӮˣС㱳ʹӡ
һڻѨʹӣ͵ЦѨѨʹѨ󡭡
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ӱҡҡͷ̻ƵѨǲǺ£ֻ˵ѨԵҲᡣ
˵ⷽ츳治˳˵ģġϾѧվ׼ƾ㣬ƾľ
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ͷϵʹѨˣȲܶǱҫ游ӷǰԵķһһһڷһʹѵ
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ﰵ棬Ȼʰˣһμ
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ðʰӱö˺ʱͰιϴɾˡ
ӱֱӻƵķ䣬ſȴֵܣݺݵһȮһӡ
ĸΪһϴεùң
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ӱһתԱߵһɵһһϣ˸ס
ƾãôˣĸ粻˵ˣѨ𣿶粻ܶǡǽʬѨ
ʬѨͦʡ
ӱָ̯֣⾹Ź롣
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նһͨһԵڵأˤǸ۰ƺĸηζҪĳճƣ㡭ҽѨ
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ӱЦţӣϣ§Ž㣬أҳ˯Ѩڵ˯һ
⣬ոԵڵص죬ٿڵһʹɣճƣҪֵһҲð
ӱ˻ҵķ䣬ֻú˯һȻҲ˯ĵضһ䲻쾭ǣ
ո𱸵ؿҫ棬Ѿͷ¶һֵѨ򣬲֪ţͷֲѨᣬ³ʱ͸ýˡ
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93 

֪ӱᣬֻǲ⣬ֽ֪θ롣ոΪӱĸһ¸ɻ֪ӱѵˡ
ӣ˯ȥｫϢһ
Ϸ߷ߵؿͱ˵ӱݷ뿪
ҵױ̨ҵƾҵġ
ƣе̫ãϼȬ
ˣֺݶȻô
ճţһॡ
СϿοãտſҿлԺģ֣ҲܺŪŪǡ
ҫ濴ɽϱҷɻط
ԽԽˣǰˣҶɽֵܳ֡
ֵܻݡ
ո
ԽԽ׶ԸɱѼӷˡ
Ϸ򸾵޷õ壬Ѱׯ˼ҵļҾ߶Щʵ֮鰸

ҫ湧ػһ
ո˸˶ٲ񣿡
һӣ
ûǰ˻ûЩ
ոɫתࡣ
ǲܼ£ɲ֪
ҫƬ̣һʮӣ
һʮ۶̫ˣֻοҲֹӾͿ˰
ѾͷβĶˣ﷭˸飬﷿ҲѰˣɾûҵ
ոһΪա
ҫ䵽ؿڣæô죬ľǮԸⰡ
šոһƵߣżϬв
ҫȡƱһĵݸո
Ʊö͵߶죬Ҹ鵽ǸӻʹҲЩ
ոպƱȻص̫⣬СǸӵı˳ڻ鲻ɣҲɡٲҲܰϣͲ˵ǸõģҲᣬǱá
˵Ļô࣬ô󷿵֪ʵ飿
ڻ飬˿϶ưոݡ
֣ﶼ֪ҫһҵ¡
ͷΪѡ

ոۣŪѬ㣬˯죬Ūϡһ磬˲ˣֱϰ˴ߡ
˵⻰ʱ·ǲǻˣŮһֻѼһͷûаֲᣬ
-

94 1

ҫһģ˼ҲµΣָܴߣûϣͱڼΣ˲壬ǿ˵С˵˵ҹ˽ˣ
ƿνһ˫񣬼ܶԸ󷿣ܰߵĹԵͷϣҪǣϵûߣǾϣҵ
ոͷһ£óһףͷһ飬ӱģ⻧ͽˣʼҵˣռûκθ
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ҫպ飬ʱӱƣһЦѾͷ˯죬Ժ
ΪǮ
㵹Ǵ˵֣Ҫ㻹ֵһʮúݶӣһɶҪ˵ɱ˲֤ݣҫǸɹġ
һҹһܶ
ɸ˫۵ģվ𣬸˵ߡ
ҫֻôϡԶ֡
óüʮѬ̣ûӵϣڣǱѾָڴʪ˴ֽСͲСУҫͷֱ̡
ӱĵϨ˻δ˯ͷһƲһƣո˹ݡ
ӶסСͲҫٴֱﵹ࣬ȣȡһ죬һ
顪
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ӱԵڵصƵˣôֻصġһ죬ȴƵҫϣ˳ǽڵϣϵѬͲð̡
ӽڱסߵǰˮʪϣųŽϻϵӣСĵؽҫϻȥ
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ӱΪ˱ƵƻשͷȡȡȡţһֵĶһһֻУǣԼ˴磬Լĺӱ˳
ǰɫ򿪽Уͷһš
ӱŮ㿴ʱѲ㱾գ಻ճƣӦӱ㸸մԭ׸¼ҡ
̫̫꣬ЯΨһĶŮǰţһݲļҵļҵׯ˼˵̫ۡ
-

95 2

̫̫ƣҪŮһʱ䣬Ӧѡﲻ
绨֪ʶ¼ֻһŮҪǣ¼һԼլӡҵĸŮĵȷ˲ׯ˼ҵĶɣһЩšѧҲĶ
ҫռҲѡѡ֮һռһ룬̫̫δҫ棬ȴҫѡմңʱմҵСģý׳ӡ̤ʵݡ
̫̫ոǩ飬մ׸¼ңϸԣմŮŮкӶ£ĵ¸֮˼֤
룬մҳ֮£̫̫御ռų֣ǻؿɽׯҡ
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һߣҫմҷ򸾵Ѱլķ
մҴպҫլϵļױոƫҫ棬һάӵֻ˵մΪմΪ˵ϱ֮һȱܡ
ҫĺ˽֪ԼҲ֪ϸԱȫ֮װУƹ֮С
Ϊˣβǧ㣬û㵽Ҳļơ
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˭˵ŴûٻЩ黭ǣҲǡ
ɺҲĺɺͿȾ֮ЩʮӣҶ˴ʹ֣
黭ǼٵģĻõҲǼٵġ

нһöлŮĻԼ
ϸһף
Ϊǰδκη
ӱ򿪻飬ͷʮǰԼлŰ֮л֮Ůӱ»ˣԸŮ֮ʱϲؽ֮ãа֮ԼȻлޡӱͬýʱ˻ԼЧлӱΪãͬΪ̣˴Я
Ȼ֮Ǻݣͷȴлϵ˽ǩлϵ궩»Լʱֻдǰ벿֣ϼġ
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96 3

ǵͲµֿܣȴֲд룬˳Լ˶ǩ
ӱϵ飬һ޴ʣѪϡ֮ŮҽѪΪΣŮŮϡŮǿ֮ʱ뽫ĸ֮ʬ·尲ᡭ
ԭ֪ӣǨָţ·ڰ֮ڣһ䶸͵ɽ塣
ָһƤͼͼ󣬱Ȱƴ˶٣ıʶԿ·ɽжΪȻϡ
ڴ˿ӱμǶĪϾĸȪѰ
ΣжΣϣӱμǶҪҽѪΡ
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֪ѥǬͷһǲ֪Ǽֻǣ֪Ĵڣȴûܷͷܡ
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иĸ䣬뺢ӵĳء£ϸӺʱиϵﳤӡ飬Դ֤⺢ȷʵĳϡ
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ӱ˶źӽ˵׹ռ䣬Ӹŵ޷ڵױ̨ϡ
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ǰӱ׵طƤϵע⣬ȻʣһʱƵԡ
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97 

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Ժ⣬ĴԺţϲһźˣ
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98 Ե

ӵĸһƷھѦˣĸǿǴĿԪѫӵĸ˲ãǿǵԪĻӵĸ
ĻǼٵģ
մҾȻﶩôһ׹ݵҹδ
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ɽ޷ġ
һһ˵ı黹Ҫ㵡
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ո󾪵ýţ㲻ǿЦ
һΣΣҲƵȺԵߡ
үһ׹ӣһ
ɽ۾͸ⲻǰЩӣӲƲ϶ߵĶԭǾǵ»˵Ƕ常͸õĽ
ʱ˴󷿵׮£Ƕ͸õģǶ͸õġ
ýűƻˣȢүնүԾƣĻԼ
ýǰصˣбýţ˿سǵý˵ϣڱΧڵĻ£ɱýȡ
ռ˸ҿ϶ýδߡ
Ȼû˵˭˭ߡ
̫ƽ򸮣ǴﳯšȨŵڣ̫ƽӵĴ󲮸ӵһƷھˣһĸǵǱֵܣȨǴŵѰ˵ŵڣٻҵǧ£ҲζЦ䡣
ո֣ʵǰδ£
ýŵذǰȾ˷纮ǰʼóأฮĹֱϲһ˵
ɫ⵫ϲзյġ
е˴иź󣬷ǽԴϲ
˹ȴ徣һŮҲżƽա
˵ͷкӸ߳Ȣ˺ϲǣϲѶгϲ˳˫
ϲɣ
ߵĴڹһˣֻһ˺ǰһӵˣûϲֻ֣ýһһǣ̴ӡ
˿̣ռԺΧ࿴ϡİա
һý˵ҵ첻СմҼʱϵүԼŮôһź¡
ĽĴزҪϲǻǸɲһء
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99 һŮ

ϲ÷û֮һûżҿǻģȢŵĶϱǸ֮ˣ߻Ǳġ
Ǻǻɲһ
ɵĲˣȻҲᱻżΪǸи֮ˣҺŵĴٷλˣ֮ٻ
˼һԸ¡
ռҵӣҪɻڴˡ
аĺţһ·ɱϲȢ¸
˿̣¥ϣؿź񣬾ӸµؿŲԶˣ¥ҼҴ̫ƽ򸮳Ѧ˳ӣҼҹǷӦԼǰӭȢϲ
̫ƽ򸮡Ѧˡ
κһ˸ҿġ
ŮˣԼ̫á
̫ƽǴﳯһͳʱĿԪѫڽྩȨ󣬶ѦԪϢ¥Ҫ˵Ϣ¥ڴﳯ̫ʵ۵ĻʺϣϢ¥ǴﳯʼҰڽĶĿκϢϢ¥ĶĿ
˵ԼȢѹְǵȱˮĹôܼ޸ԭлԼġ
Ȩһʱö⣬ҾֵӭȢү֮ŮǰүŮΪңղӡ

ɫŹ֣˵ֻһ
ոǣҫˣҲƭˣȻ˵ֻһʮ
¥Ц΢΢صһΪҪҼҴˣԭүӭȢү֮Ů
֪
ĵϸһ
Ϣ¥ԪϹ鴫˻ʼأûǲ֪¡
Ҷû˵ԼλԼôĶ֪
æλү˵ЦˡҲϰ
¥ҼҴӲˣ´Ϊӭףûذذóϲ
˺亹ֱðӭ̣οͷýšϲǰƸںĶѺƸ̧Ҳһһеһƥϣеһֻӣֻһ԰ڼƿƸĻǰδС
ӭ׶˿ɱƸҪ࣬仹ר绨Ůһɫŷ۶Уͬķɫһӡ
ýʹ˸ɫ
ýŻ⣬ߵլԺǰδЦϲүϲүүǰӭȢү֮Ů
Χ۵˽
ﲻֶǮ˵ĵմˣ
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100 ۲

һŮңүˡ
Ů޶ɣ⵱׵ĸŮżңͷһ׮
ո̫ƽֶѦ֮ӵȢŮ˷ܵûͷת򣬾ϵɶһټɱ˶ռͷϡ
չڵӣѿݡ
ӣ³ˮ
ЦӭԺ⣬شǧ죬Ķ磬ýλү˵̫ͻȻһ
˯죬ϴϲų˷ţͷȺûûѣȥ
סȥ·
ĸ硣ǲ⡣
Ц΢΢صʵþͲ۲ô
۲ʲô
ȻСߵĻ£̫ƽֶѦ֮ӣǶͷǼ廹ĸ壬ⶼǵȨ󣬸ǻ׹ݣĴǾһ죬һȡ·ͨ
СϾŵصĵܣ̵סһݡʱˣš̵Ӱ
ҫûӰҲơ
ãҫŪϣѲǸ߲ˣƽݣⲻǸƣ߲ڼ
£¹ռҵĸ·ôʶˣҲߵԸ
ɵɩȥĸƣ
첻ģһתոչò·ӭ˽ʱ߽ӱӣȡӳŰſһ
´㵣һ磬ʲôҪá
˵ڣɿס졣
ңǴҲõôС߼޹ȥǴʲôã
ȥңǶǰöĻԼǡǡõ¡
ǰðϵŮҪð߼޵ҡ
ˣʲô¶Ҫ
Сߵϵ޷˼ҲӦֻŶ룬һţǰ˯ڵصӰͻȻݵĻЦݺٺϷš
ˣ
ãѣá
˼Ҳˡ
ϵţȷͷ򲻿ӣһϣˣҩˣ
ϵˮҫͷһ
ҫһ䣬˫ʱ򸾣Ҫȴϵϲˣ
-

101 Ҽ

ЦӲأҪȢС߹ųϲ
ӣˣ
ŲƣĸŮһѣϺ۰
۾ѾѾͷĲ
СϷϡ
Ҫؽʮǰүε»鲻õմһʣһԾƣԵͷϣһ˫Ů֮¡
ƵɴӣѾôõ£̫ƽֶѦ˵Ķӣһĸӵıܣ
ĸŵڣ׹ݣκһĪĴ
һתһѳסҫ棺Ҫ£Ҽ޹ȥ
һû˵ӲÿˣȢѾǳϲģһһ͡
ҫϲ֮󣬶ٵ˿ɲ٣һ٣ƾӵľˣҵĳӳϱոھˡ
ѦԪǵɽׯׯĵճŮׯϥӣֻŮŮѦˣŮ޸ΪŮӵ
˭֪ү׸ԪңѦϢ¥ڳҰҲһһĽ펽Ӣۡ
Ϣ¥λãɱһ̫ƽλҪ⣬Ұ֮û˸ҿ
ҫ϶صͷ
յһأ
ֻҪЩ֮ԲһӳŲֻҪŸӣҵĳϱһһӶԺȲ
ҫϸϸطһ顣
СϽĶ
˷ܵصҼӣҼ
Ľ˸벻ģ䵽ռͷϣ߼޹ȥ
¹һɷˣҲԸޣǿǻ׹ݣĸ졣
ϵһӳŲ
ҫŭȵԼŮôŮûôס
ֲܳڣһӡ
ϲ
СϵôСи룬ӿһЯסΪ١
ôǱñˡ
ҫƱţԹԴȥͣ̽̽ǵĿڷ硣
Сǲ͵ˣţУԽԶԽá
ĸŮ£Ƿߵĵͷһǲǻ
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102 ѻƪ

ûͳȥҩòģ
δ𣬵Ѿ˵һС
ҫ˳ϻΡ
˳ʱУչڸЦ棬ܵӭ˵ýɣֱλ˵Сޣ·׮Ҹԡ
¥ҼҶүնүͷԼ˶Ů£ǼҴӵһö׹үնүĿһ׹ȻȢˣó鵱֮Լ
ǰһֱƵĲϣǰòű߸ǿж˻ȥ
ԭǽ׹ϵһ׮ͻԼ
ɽȭҶ塢꣬ܲУ꣬ͽ͸ã˼ӦԼˡ
ռҵ˹ȻΪֻպԭҲʾ֪ǳϲҲҽס
¥ҡҡͷҼҶү˵ӶնүŮҲֻնүŮ
ʵڲУҲֻð߼ȥң˻ãΪޣֻҪܲףҪҲðճ͢£ֻҪƲҾͲơ
ýŵΪʾд˻ԼóӾϽȥڣұԷء
ýŵǿɱ˵Ļ£˵˵ү£үϲϣýѽ˼տɲá
˲Ȣ£˵ҫŮҲòǲңܲռңһҾҫһݣˣСգǻҪϻسذ顣
˭
ұҲ˶ãһҲеóڡ
մҸŮ׵ǲεүûأ
ЦסݣϱŴ򿪣ﴩһүϲ
߷Ҫסӣھ
ŮͿȥҡ
ɼǸǻ˵׼ء
СӦһձ˩ϵִˡ
Ƴ嵽ǰľһƬңשͷĵϣб˺Ƶͷ𿪵ı죬Ҫǽжǽ壬ΨߵӰ
ãߡ
ҪС϶ݺݵص֪˾ֻܴ󺰣̫ƽܿġЩȨȫôĶ֪
ҵȨݱҰϷŪ
-

103 

ٽ͸˳˳ؼ޹ȥ
£á
ʱȻҪȢá
Сô
û
Ȼû֪ȢұԷľһ
Сò٣޵ңŻӡﲻǿǧٱ˵òŮ˵ӣˡ
ƲðˣǿɲϲƵĽꡢΪǡ
ռҲǹ΢ʵЩׯ˼ң˵ԼǸңм߶
СϵأȥĶˣ
һƵһӴݺģƺһ˭
ͷкµ˴ݶȥˡ
СϳӣվԺ⣬᷿ͷһϤӰӱ˭ϵĳһ嶫ñȥǱ߿Ǵ峤ңҪȥѰ峤ֹ
һ峤棬峤϶߼޸ӡ
ϷϲϵɣһĽӣ̧˼ڵĴӣͷúֽ
ﻹ˭ҼŮ
·ڷҰƵرһ꣬һ·һöӣߺȣعٻлǰӭȢųϲ
һʱը˹
ղһԳ̫ƽֶȢˣһ
ⶼĶĶȫһˡ
ýǰͷһмʮˣƺƵլ
СϱԺӣ游عٻлǰӭȢùųϲ
л򡭡
˭
һӵһƬš
¥صлϣȷʵǹٻңǰĴҵлϣлλӣӽྩлϡָл֧λлǰлϵټӡ
丸л̽ò˫ѣ֪һְݻƺӷģˮ÷岮Ʒ»򣬱¸Ժﳯ¼лܴʾν
˸Ƕλ¾岻ѡ
ҶԼûң򲻳գԼҵϵ׶ܱӸһ
лʫܳڳ£һʱͯ丸źһֱڰТӼרѧʣҼҴԣӲأ״Ԫ֮̽ˡ
һ䣬νлüߡ
ϡСʱλлøУеһˡ
ϲոҫ潫лӭݡ
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104 

һʱ䣬ռҵˡ
æúϡڳˮ衣
ϡСȴݣ˵۾УĿתشл
л걥ܲʹĥʱ̫ۣ·һҡһΣǰյӱΣʹҩ⼸յʹ·ʱѾƲȳ֮״
ˣྫˣһѶɡ
öҪƼ޸ӣл򣬵һ뵽ľֶŮ
лҪȭ¥ȵлӣ¥ӵĻҼҹ֮үնү֮ԼǰӭȢųϲ
һ֮ɫޱ䡣
Ѳ߲ԼҹӣѰһ֣
ɿ˵ģֲǼٵġ
ѲմһԼŮһԵ
л΢ϲ
¥ЦҼҴȾ纮ˮóأ˵ϲܲʹĥǰӭס
ԭȾ纮ˮ㲻ʲô֢С
ӣƱޡ
ǰĹžعѣԭǶൣġ
л¥ˡ¶֪ܷһĻ飿
¥һͷԤģһ־У˵л򣬾лҲδܱα
ֻǣ˵ʲôͲŪˡ
Ϣ¥ҪסѱһԵٲ˵ᱻӡ¡
ӻͳһһö̵ͷгӣʮǰҼҶүնүһʣƵͷʱһ˫Ů»ˡǿͷ֮ԼɶүصྩѦἰ£һնүΪ
Լնү֮Ů֮ʱҼҴ֮ա
ҼҴӲأָòͷҴ׼ǰӭȢųϲ
ռҵǽⲻлϸлﶼһ
лͻ𣬽ںеմҡּˣɽ黹ͷֻǵԼ泯£ɽ񳿿ʱȴϡ
лֵ֪»ʱں£
ʮ³ʮ
մ³ɵףⲻ˵ĻԼ硣
лҾֵǲɣʮʮ¶ʮĸﶩ»ˡһתӻóһ⡶顷մү뿴Ƿϵıʼ
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105 

¥նүҼҶү»Լնүƺ󲻼ǵҲеģһֱǹŴ¡лӣ¶󵽣㿴
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ڶλ˵󣬸һӣɴӱӱվŴ峤Ķϱϡ
ӱĵذ
ҪлŮͬҪ
ո۾ת
һ游ﳤ峤ˣ
ռ΢΢һҪ֡
ռôһ죬ŮڽҸ޵òǶһμѻ
ոѾȫǰĿֶǮ˼ңֻǰõ¡
ﳤշ룬峤涼Ǵ˶սԻ󣬾ͳ˿ɽׯָϡ
ﳤ˵ռ۸Ůǹֹġ
ոӹһ⣬֪£͸ֱӽ
ӱףװСµģ
¥ƹӱ־Ī߹ӣ书Щʶȴ̰Ľ٣ƫǰװģǲס
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ƵУУһǰΪǶµļױԭǶµ
һСߵģõĶǶ彻õ
󷿿˵ǣҲ԰
ΪﲻԼжŮ׮£ͽ͸á
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ǮӶףǰǮõ£ʹýףɸûжһ¡
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ӱʶʲôӣʶֺαô¡
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106 ŵ

ǣлǺɣܲ㸸㶩һ°գ
ռ˿û¾ҵĻ¡
մʵݣȻ׸ĸҾŮ£ӱжϣ´⡣
лҪó飬ϣ˳

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л΢΢üô죿֣ƱҪӽԹˣ
ӱϳµĹ򣬵˳գ
л򶨶ؿ
˵䣬ֻ˲˵ĽթҼ޸ӣ޵úãͻвǣΨ޵úãǲŻᰲġ
ȢŪȢȥľһٻ
˲ҼӣҲҼ޸㡣
㻹˳գ
˵ãŴ½̳뿪ռңӡ
ô죿ûǰԼ֪ѣҲ᲻ܵġ
ģһЩԵ峤ﳤǲռ̫ġռһҪ棬ֻҪҪ棬ͲܶΡ
лӡҸջ㡣
أԭã˵
ǴӺ˵ôֳˣ
лϽ࣬¶ãɫ
ӱһĨ͵Ŀ⡣
ϵ˵¡лҶֻһˣ׮±գǶ֪зҪʹ
л˿Ҿֱȭմүﳤ峤ȻĻԼǰĻԼԵϣգұ㵱Ÿλ棬ʽٻ١顷
һ̧֣ùһֻӡ
æռҿɲֹһ
лҲǺ˼Ұ׶ϧ˵ֶŮҲá
лҡҡͷҲֻһٺãվ̵ŮΪѡ֮ˡʹ˸ߡ
һ£ӣ㲻ҪȢϲҵڼԤľϯ㡭ô˵߾ˣӡ
ϻˣ߼סлȥ·лһŵ޷
ǸӣȺ񣬷Ҫɱһ㡣
Сϵʵô죿ѾҵĶëȥƼұţǰƾø⡭
úãҽƼ޸ӣͬķӰƾü޸л򣬿ڣлٻٻ飬̴ӡȻȥôôȥˡ
-

107 

л
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٣˵ͺɣŻϲлȥ
СͷûȢˣȴ緢꣬Īض࿴˼ۡ
سǵлӳÿ
ϧ䲻ϡ
䣬СлĿֻһ£Сͨ졣
ոл뿪кȴֹá
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ǵ˵ʲôʱݵ̫Ҳ޷̽˵ݡ
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ﳤո峤ģ㲻մҡϷûˣҪί
չҾֵ¥ү絽ԺԲ裬ҼҸⱸ˼㡣
¥֪ռҶҪ¡
˵⼪վҪˣүҿɵȢ¸ء
ҫ¥үȢˣҵͷȺҲҪױ粻ǡ
·˳ԺţԺ£ȻӵĲˮְɽҰƷռҽõĸæµ衢裬к·ӭ׶顣
˴ĲˣԶû¥˶࣬Ӷ˼ӡ
ոٵһ
ӱ˵һתݣѰƣֳ޷Բ̧ͷʱ޷š
ƴھǰִÿһ缡ơ
㡣ӱһ
˹á֮üͷ΢
ǰΪ˴󷿵ʢΪ˴罫;޸ӡ绹˵Ϊ˳ɹ󷿱
ǣҪð
ͬ⣬Ҫü޸ˡ
ӱ뷿ţ̯˫֡
ƾһӶ׵㡭㡭Ҫ͸ң
ģҵŵ̫ߣųɽڸҲǶū澵عӡΪٻƴһһ׮¾ܽõٻ͵ǰ
㣬ԭҵɼҵԸϲԵ
Ƽ޸ӣƾ˵Ұģλģ϶뾡һа취ƻ
иֻݣĵ˶ûУΨһܰˣѱ֧ߡ
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108 

˵ʲôϵĴ粡أⶨǼٵģĿľǰ֧ӱʱǰһ˰¡
Ƹжѣ˸ҪŽã͸ߵʹ磬뷨ֹ޸ˡ˿˵ҪȢ㡣
͵Ʒ˹һƣö˵ˣǵͶ͸ҵģӦԼ
˿գȳţʱڲϣݶȥ
ӱơ
Ʒش𣺡ƣǽҵģҵġ
ƻһۣãǲ
ǰáŪþҪ¶ڣڵĻáˣȻͬ㡣
ӱգ㡭
ϵ˿ƲϹҵ˵䣬󷿵˿ӱЩ⡣
ƻϲصðѽˣ˵ٳûжŮԸӼлԼ
˵ǶŮӶףɶٳûŮԼֶŮҲеġǵʱմүʱүжӣմҲųײã޷ȷԼ᲻Ů
ӱ游󲮡壬ʮǰ游Ϊѡ׸ҵ¼ҵ׸ĸ¸ص򳤡ﳤ峤д󶫼ҡϵľˣԼ˵ҵ֮ĶŮŮա¡

ҫ濴޲óȥһ
չڸȻǣɽɣһһҵߡ
ӱ׸ĹأһˣռҾ棬¼Ҳҵıңҵ游ĸ֮ңӦ¡
عڵϣգŮڴﳤүү峤үүΪֹź󣬳ռҹʲôӣڶƼġ
ϲźӹúܲãÿһͱϻɻиɲļĻҪżԲůһ굽ͷ¶ûС
ﳤ峤оᡣ
ź£ǿɲҿ
һӱҶܲס
ǰֹ⡣
ȱסԼ£ҲסԼƽԸǰصĸױΣնɡɷŻɱֵ֤ݣֻռҶϾϵ׻ءա
ոһ
Ͼϵ
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109 

Ҫ󣬲ҪϾϵҪ׻ءա
ճƣ㵱ˣҫƾʲôѽҲǣƾʲô
ӦŮƵĻ¡
ӱүǮĻԼεģһλԼҶΡΡһΣΡΣףҪúãҪԼѰԵ뿪ռҡ
չڵֻҪռϾϵԸ⽻ļױΡ
ԣûصĸΣմү黭үе׺ɺͷ棬նɡɷŻ֤ݣȫֻռҾĸԸ׻ء¡ա
Ʋ̡
Ƹм߽ԵøԼãǺοأһŮӣ뿪ռң
˵һֻʮģȥϡ˿ҲʮǮһʮģһŮӶԣƻŶգ³Էǹˡ΢Դһģүүүүүүȫ
һƬž
ﳤӣ￴Σ˾ģ˭ף뿪ԼԵֻ䵽ĵز
Ȼĸ׵ļױΪԼȡһɣƾԼ弼ı·
һŮ뿪ζգռ̫ݣ಻ľ
游֪ģĴ֣ƾﵱµԵһֿռδؾ档ǰŻڣ뽫Ҽ֣һǳļױġԸµķױֻռҾϾйϵ
峤ҡҡͷոΪռҵãһŮƵ˵زǾˡ
ҫԵ棿
ӱĻ̫ˡ
ȻֻҪҽ֤ݣ㽫ңҽΣϾдҡҵɣǵҪ¡ΣӴ˺󣬺Ծɣռ޸ϵ
еصãǺο࣬㡭
ӱȻЦҵĴڣһֱռҵһ̣д˷ݶϾ飬ռ޸ϵռӵеһУͲõıҴߣҲõٱơһలá
ƺôƻ
̫棬Ѿ޷ΪЩ˶ġ
ռһôмѪƣҪֵĻȻֶȡԵΡ
-

110 

ɼռ˲壬ֻ档
ռңͣҲԸص˼
ΪǴûռˡ
մ׸¼ҵ죬մһҾͳˣǸռҴ˶ٺôҲ޷ǵһˡ
ոﳤ峤֪ռҵĳ£ЩҲס
ﳤţˣֺαں棬ռʲôģ֪ܲ˵ɣӲĽ飿
ո΢졣
Ҿֵ游Ϊ˼ƿУ
Ͼ˹ϵռҵլӾͶռҵģϵļױҲռҵġ
߻Щգһһӣһ׬ʮǮµΣκһֵʮһǵӲ׬
չڵСߣȥ֤ݺ
Ǵܿ϶ǻѻ롶Ͼ顷ң
ռˣռֻҪһ棬ˣեУ׬ǮͻռǮ
ɽСߣﲻǻﳤʹ峤֤Է롢Ҷж㿴ϣҲֹ
ֹ͵ﳤ峤˻Щ塣
ﳤƲռҡ
峤Ρ
Сߣȡ֤ݡΣ߰ɣ
ɵҲȥ
ЩɶֵǮҪĶ
ӱһõ롶Ͼ顷游󲮡屸ˡ
ɡɽ﷿﷿ݣӴݶͷһͲ
Ͳǲڿռģȡģʵӡ
ռѰЩطȫû뵽ص
ʲôλ֤ݣ
ӱص֤ݣ
ʱû﷿ǴӼѰ٣Ѱ˸飬ûѰΣְȥѰ
ûУȥӱס᷿ѰûС
ӱͲ֤ݣ֤ţʧΪ֤ߵݡؿոӣҪ飬һֽ飬һֽ֤ݡ
ոһξãҲ⼸СŮӣлǣеʶ̸ס
һʹɫҫݹһƤֽƤͷӡźɫġ顱֡
ӱĸµĽһġ顱ӹ֣ͷ䣬ͷĳʱʵʵ졣
-

111 ֤

ĸ˵˵ʱմȥ㣬سǵסգǷ޹ﱧһŮӤŮӤӱ
ӱƼͷаõĹӡС˾֮ӡͲݸҫ档
ҫȲĴ򿪣һӣһͭʼ
ӣǵĸŻ֤ݣСŶ֮
ɴ۾õļΪͷţʧֳбѬĺۼ
˵֤ݣ֤ţʧйء
ĸŮɡСĵѰ
﷿ӱס᷿ȫѰ˸飬ǲεӰӡ
չڹȻصأ
ӱϾ顷дˣ
ҫ΢㽻Σǰ㡣
ӱһͷǵүүүүˡ
ߵǰ
ɺȵβĶˣ
ӱβݣո򸾵޷ȥո򸾵ǰһ󣬾ͳһҲ
ơɳԾС㡭ʲôʱβص游ĸ
ˣҿ廨ضлȥ
ϻдʱ򣬾Ƕٽлؽ
˭뵽βո򸾵ط˿ɲѰܵϲТ
ӱʱҪᣬֻѽһ޷ٶ˫ȽӲܶɵѨ
ɽʹɫʾƶ¾ᣬϵãҪңļױ㲻˾ͻᡭ
뵽Ŵңس֣ΪҪӱʹѨʱȴӱЦѨɵùЦ
㡭㡭γֵģ
ӱ΢򢣬ƣֻѨѨҽģ㲻Ϊҵ츳
յ㡭ҽѨѨ
ӱô꣬ռҳռҵʲôӣΪҲ֪ûһҸռ̸
΢΢еĻҲ򿪣ͷնΣӱ¶е룬żҪвҵĵѨɲֹʹޡЦ֣̱ġɵġǲ֪ܿµģǿҪԣ
ռ˲Ҫ棬ҲҪǽ
ոŭ㡭ôĵӡ
-

112 Ͼ

游˵õģóΣҡϾ顷
ռûдһˣҲƿز
ɰӱˣҲɡ
˿̣չڵףգ
ƲϵĽɽֵȫĵĽ䱸
ոʣˢˢд¡Ͼ顷ϼո󣬴ռԸմϷ֮ŮճƶϾһйϵӴ˺󣬲ǼˣŮҲռûκιϵͬŮΪա
ոĴīһӡ
չڽӹʣռҴӡ
ҫѧӡ
Ƿﳤ峤Ϊ֤ӡ֤Ͼ顷档
ӱպáϾ顷ȹһݣؿͷ游ϣһݣӴ˿̺㲻游뿪ռҡ
ŷﳤ峤һݣ³ߵлүүүүֹл
ӽռ޸ϵˣռҲˡ
ɣռҵЦǿʼ
ҪԺ뿪ֻϼһ³ƣ鷿ĺ뿪ա
ǰԺ뿪ڿ֪˭һݱ¶Ϻõ¾
ϵѨգ
Ѩܲˡ
ӱֽ̧ƵѨ˵ʱ٣ʱ죬ͼƳһѳƲϵĽ
ƣõĻԼ
ӱûлͷһ֪²ꡣ
ΪĿģԲһֶΡ
Ϊ估
ȻЩģٻһݳϣϣƼ޸ӡ
ɣʲôã㶯һԡ
Цӯӯӵסƣˣﵽ֣ط׼׼һ͵ǻΡϱƻױ磬ˣļȡ
㵸ش󺿣ҵģҵġ
ҫ΢΢һЦ磬ƼȥฮƺʣԸǮҵĻ¡
չŭɶҼƵġ
ոȵͷҪ֪С߱ţ»һܳɡˣϴ¾͸ưգһñƺáʲôˣѰ£סġƵ񣬸⡭
ƫռٹ⡣
ͬŮϣƼ޵úá
²
-

113 

ɽҪˣ붼룬Ǵ󷿻ȥ˿˵ˣǰǸӡҵĻԭƵģڱȥһЩҲӦá
ɵ游˸Ķ⳥ǰա
ҫҪ˸ĲҪƼ𣿡
壬ǳ£ҪҲޣã˺棬ʱ˭Ҳõҵ¡
ո䣬ﳤ峤ûأռ˾ִⲻЦҾЦͷﳤ峤һˡ
ﳤһﳤȥ
峤ҡҡͷ̫ƽҡϢ¥Ԫϣţ浱ǺúŪġ
ңʱôĶ֪ҽ
ո˵´ˡ

ǲǰư﻽ˣŮݼ޹ȥա
ǰ˵л£˲ʹ⣬ư޸лô
л򵱻ϣ˵ϡմҷ򸾶һ£ڷٻ١顷ȥź
Ȣһƾл͵ǵ˼Ȣư
ˣŮĺ£òɵĹ뻢ѨƴưŹ֣Ψͼ֪ռŮţͲĺŴϹϵͷȢȥǸٵģƭã϶ưɫ
ҪֵĿһòŮ첻ǼģҲ⡣
᷿ȥĽ±ҲᣬθģȴչһѸקס
峤뿪ʱĻܺŪģֳҽ¶ڣʱܲܳסӵŭ˵
ҵģҵġҲҴٷˣҵԵҶ˺Щ꣬˶֪ҵĶƾ˵ȥ
չڵǴ󷿳ôһƿױܸһһӣټӶõЩΡ
ҫ磬ûЩΣʲôױ޵ฮᱻƲġ
ոŰֲǮǮ粽УȥܲټЩ񣬽յռҿɲ
ûأռҾͱɸ˼ˣ
ҫߣֽưˡ
-

114 ˫

ҫ˵ռµѴ˵ҲʶȤּӵĲ֧һ¶ûУ͸Ʊ
˿̣졢Сɴƭưȥ磬ֲ֧Ҫư޸˵£ưﻹΪԼҪ޸һٻлӣл޸ĸׯլžٷˣԺȲ
˵ӱ鷿ĺ뿪󣬶һȦȥҡ
ĸŮǰϡ棬һҲû˼ֻӱܼฮ¹žؽڣҲù޸˱衣
С̾СӵǱס
ݣ
ӱһ泣绺ǽ⣬ﾪһС
΢΢һЦСҪ뿪ˣ
ԺţռûκεȴĸŮ̫ĲᣬһСҪ˼ˣûʲôصĶ͸㣬Ψһһ˫桶èϷͼȻСЩһѽȣǶһڷڰϵСҲǺõġ
Сﾪһ˫壬Сѧ˫ˣ
ӱһͷȡõɴ⻨ɫʽԼֻƵģͷһͷèͷһŰëĽŽ԰ףè̬׷ſеһֻɫԱߣһֻȫעͣЪϵĻɫĻɫèʱҪ׽
ͼһһı棬һˡ
СطţŶûӱ弼˫壬һӣɽֵǮ
ӱϴسһƷʮӵĸ߼ۣӣɽȣƳСҲһ͵ҸСױˡ
һӡ
ĸŮǶƷģ۸ڸǲߡ
õ巻϶ֻͲߡ
¸жСҪȥĶռһ뿪𣿡
µмױֻռҼ̾ϵѾõ˻飬ͷƾһıһӦòѣǱռҪúЩҽ񳿻ûóʳ
æûأǹﻹз࣬ȵģͽųЩ
л
ӱð˳ʳС֮ʱͷȴɱһͷ϶Ÿͷ˭ҲƲԷò
ԼſڣҲ˭
-

115 

ôھӣռҼΣﻹϤġ
С΢˫ⱳ˭
һߣ౳һ¾ӳ
СյҾ֪֪ռһС£һεĿɲơ
ӱصСΪұƽҺܸҲܸм治ӿɲôúŪһӷǼٵģռҾ͵ų֮ŭ
һ£ңҵ뿪ˣȥһɽˮԶǰһ˵һ䣬ҪСĪŹӣҪֲϽûб£ⲻǻẦСһ
δ𻰣Ҳ׵ģĪ尡
СѰһķѰһŵȴŻѧΪµǼЩܻġһСǺѧӵĵޣûΪ̣ӵĲ
СԾڴˣǾ⻰͵û˵
Сأ

ȻЩ˵ЩһΪ졣
֪ͳ˵ˣһҲ
Сһģһ£Ͳٸ
ðշʳӱһ泣ѡ
ռԺ⣬ư˵ϲҵĻΡ
ýһߺ𳵣ַתҾЦ¥һٵŰݷá
ӱҵӭ׶ͷϲʮ綼֪ɽռҹһź£ǰµԵ̫ƽҴӡ
̫ƽǺҲǲ˵Ƕ
Ӵչһɽ͵ͨصĹٵһ·ϲ֣ǰֵ˺Ӳ٣ﳪţȢ˺ϲǡ
¥һǣ
һѷĺΧ۹ϲǣ˵ż黰
ӿɽһ·أ֪ٻǣ֪˶ٲϲǵĺӡ
ӱһֱԶظںͷһЩȥسףֻǵسǶѧӣǹٵ·½½߶١
˰أǰһƥһ꣬ȭҾֵ¥ӵĲˣҪӭס
һߺȣ˶÷
ϲͷһǶĶˣδţ˾Ȭʱ϶˵ĸʱϼŮٻӾ͵ˣ޵λҲˡ̵ģ·ٻĺڳԼҡҡ֡
-

116 

󣬽׵ӴһϮɫۣһ¶
һ۵Щ糤ĺ룬ݣűȡ
˽˸ǰ¥ȸߺݼӣ
סմҡϷ֮Ů
¥ýţϲϽΣȷû
ýҲ˵ǰɲ֪ɽׯռҵ¡
Ҵţ
׵æӣδżţ;ϣɡ;ͣפɲ飬Ҳӭ׵Ĺѽ
һӾҪΪҶŮӣòƷ䲻ϱӣ
֧ţһһƣۣǲǻڻ顣
˫Ʋȴ緽򣬡ƣӽ㲻Ȣ
ҪȢɽռҾ͵óΪЦ
ƿɱټ޳ȥ
ýΪѣӷҪ鿴ɣܾܾܲԷ̫ߣԵʸ߽ΣӵĻˣҪ½θơ
ã绨񣬻ô
ƿˣǰһ쳤ߣԽʵòߵٺһˡ
ҹͷڱкβ
ѾˣڼҲûô
ϲΣ½ӣϲͣص·Χڲ࣬ȺŲñӱԵѰͨ
κθ飬һȪˮ˵ȫҿͷ
ͷһƣΧһ󾪺úģ
ƵĿʱӵӢ˳ÿ˫۾Ҳƽһ澵ӣûκεĲƺܴԼӰӡ
⣬ӣķôڵɷ
Ʋߵ
¥ͷһæ˼գȢһٻ
ӵ΢΢һͻأһ磬ֱƵؿڣƵס˺ͻȻת¾סˣ䣬ȻǽδһƬ½ǣȴסϵĽ
ӹͷԼ»ԼԹΪƾôһöƽ׹ð䣿
Ǽٵģ
ǳ𣬶Ƕƽ֮
-

117 ׷

ƱɵˣΪҪɱԼѪҺһɲ֮䣬ΪԼû
쾪һܣ
߸ƵĽƴϼ꣬ͱˡ
Ǳˣ᲻ռҴ󷿵չڽ𻻳˶ƽ
׵ɼٵģǶĲŹأԷǿԷ׮µġŮйȣзᵣκεΡ
һףǺһűеĽ𱻻һҿ˵Ŀвͷǽͷģһöƽ𡣶ҵ䡣ңѵﻹҪŪһֵǮļﲻɣ
ͬ׳ӽһâһۡ
̴ʰΧΧ۵İյҶǺηǣŪ𻵣ƣ͸ռҵĳ񾹱˶ƽģ̫
м䱻һͷ˺ɫ֮Ƕƽ
ٿͷҲһͷͷɫһģʵʵϵȳ
˴أԭǳռӦԼϻڰسǣǼģ㲻˭
ϳˣ
˭뵽Ǽߵġ
ΨһһȥسǣǰյǴΣɾһξƼˡ
ˣ

¥ȥĶˣҲǵү͸նүǸȻú񣬿ɼٵľǼٵģ
û˿Դ𻰣ӭ׵˸Ȼúһϲ£ռ˸ˣԭΪȢԭǸٻ
ͻؽһתֻಡһٶͣƵʺǰҵδСˣ
ҡ˿ӣڵݣˣﲻò٣Ǹ˹֣ݣϡ
ˣӲĽ͡
һû۰û˿أϡߵϿͬԼ
Ķӷŭָ֡
䲻㣬Ȣңƶģػá
ҪŮ˴Լ?޸Ϊݡ
ıֻߣڷռҵ죬ϷŪΪ۾Ϲˣܱ粻
ϢŹһΣͼסˡ
һΣĶǽˣ
ΪʲôߣߺÿҲģ߾ûĺӣʮֻҪһţ֪ջж
-

118 

ӣߵģģҲġ
ƽһΣƺ޲ش󺰣ˣˣ㣬Ҫ
ȻٺõˣƵĻҲ޷ŭһ̣ڶο̣ɵ˵ˣ޷ơ
תڿĽһ̶ǰ֣ɭ佣ͷ£˲ȫһ˷·ᵽѪȣ·Ԥ
ɱסڳΧ۰աӭס׵Ҳɫ䣬ûκεķӦеĽһ裬ѿٻʡ
죬̫ˣ쵽ֻǰһݷ˱Ԩǰǽɱһ޷ֿĿ־ĵ׽ڽѪ֫ٺÿëףڿܣͷ
ٵϣһľ˵ĺʱʧȫޣ۾Ҳҳ
ϸĽڿз裬Ʈ䣬ſŭϢıǼ⣬ҶƷɻһɫڰշ衣
ϲۻˣ׵»ˣõķɫСҲͬˡ
ƬƮƮ£Ƶ۵ֻк˵Ŀ־壬ԭͣȴ˲
Ʊŵ˺ɴ۾·գһĹζӹһˮ˫ȼ£ӵĽŵСʧСʣʼ
˫ĿʧȴǳĺãδʧǰһЦƯĻߣһΣȥĶˣٸ䱾ӵδޣӾýȥС¡С㡣
ûǰĻֻģ͵صͷԼֻһɫԧĶǶǸռȴС㣬ϥǼ¶¶ڿ۰˫ۿտգһͺһ
ӱµռҽȡ裬û뵽ӻڰس⣬ֱӻӽƵļ£²سǰ
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£ǵЩׯ˼ҲҪ
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-

119 Ը

Ƹоؿڵ⣬һЩûŵûȥϵôӣ˫ֻǰ磬۸ң硭
ӵȥĶˣ
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커ͷβ¥һ٣ſڵϱԴߡ뿪ռˣ
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æ뿪ˣ˶֪Ҷ嵱׸뿪ռˣ˵ҪΪ¡ĸԸ
˿̣ΧȺӱ΢ӵĽˣҪԼԺɱʲôӡ
Ҳһ绨ˣȻý·ǰ˸Ȼʹ࣬Ƴӵﲻݰɳӡ
Ҫӣ˰ɣȢɲҼޡ
һ޳ܣֱӾŽƤˣܲûС
ȥظлȣѰȥ·
ӱ˵ĿⱻռĵȥֱӽسǣѰһͨӻӣ˼𲼡Ѱһ˴סۣѰһ˹ÿһѣšƧͷռ󻹴ӳһ׵黨ĸѻϣ˺Щͷɲҩġ
ٳʱɫѽƻ裬óسɽѰȥ
ԼݡţʱֵɽｫϢһޣﻹɹĲҩܲҪ
ӱ£ɽҩǴЩֻڿռҽ
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ơһǰһػصƼһ·϶ӣûۣ±Ƽ˵һ
ûȹֹֻܴۣڵʵʵ
ö˻صʱ󷿡ĸΪ˭ɼִ
ƵǻģҵĽ𶼸ˣιݵĻ͸ɡ
ϵͷСǽɲģСߵģܵãҼҲܵá
ƿٷˣȫҶĺŮٹ
Ժ⣬졢һǰһؽݣ͹Ժš
ɴһ˭
֒˒ͷǡҡ
ո󶨶شһ˫ŮΪӱˣ⸱ģ
ɫǷϡ
ƴɥ
ȫ˵Ŀⶼشǡ
-

120 

뵽ԼûõԵԭóƾֻˣɵùЦƣҵĽ𣬹û뵽䵽˵ز
ЦţĴԺţһϤװ㴫յģǹԺ˵޸ˣһڣȫǵصף⵽ô£
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ϺһСӸˣˣ𼱻ǵػңҪͷǮ㣬λؼҸָġǣɩӡܵܡö˲ϣ޼ʮһΡ
һ׬ӵŮҪҿһ䡣һ䣬ɩ˵Ҫ˵һԣⲻֶҵֶϱɾ͸Źˡ
һŤͷʵһˣɺͳ
ռ࿴ߵģ˵а̣˵ƲӰòɽͿһԼʵʵĽŮӡ
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ɨһۣСأЩûˣ˵Խˮܸˡ
æҪ˵Ůɿû˵巻˽һȵģϻصɴƷʮӣ
ɽĸһӶʮǮôʮˣ
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ϣԼСȢ֡
СﲻУ鲻УԲÿ࣬Ȣ׬ǮϱҲóԺȡ
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ƺ˵һǧһʮ˵һʾ޶ӣã˸ˣ͵һ̧֣ĸ㣬Ϊöӣøˡ
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ƵǼٵģģ͸ҵġ
ƵùҪһЦ
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ƵǻٳˣⱲӶ޵˼ҡ
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۶ʮʮ£ռ˵һҰ·ݡ
Ͽص߱˸ߣ䲻ռΪϣ˼ҵﱻӾȢɽϲۣЩ·Ƶӻ
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ڳ;裬ð˲˵ﶼǶƽġԼ۸ƴϣûؼҵڶʹ￪ˣһʮʮ٣˶˵ˡ
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123 پ

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գл˴磬Яȥǣ˵ȥӡ
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124 

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125 Ů

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126 

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128 ͼ

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巻оͨ弼ŮкլˡйѶƿѧӡȻһЩֵĺߡ
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131 

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ͷһŮҽеŮ٣ͷûλðӺӰһˣѲڵϦ
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132 

ָ˴˿ԼŮĿߣҳһ飬׷˹һקסӱ¹ӣŮɣˡ
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ԶˣüмƣŰһӵĸˣʹţɫɷס
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ǼŶƹģǸ˵ĶӣɴףǸѲա
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лһãס½ٷˣǹ棬ɡɡ
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һԵҲڶɤ
¬ƿƺǺЦ¹ҽߣ֪ʦӺˣ
ӱ˼ЦѧһӣСʱͳｲ£öˣͻһЩ
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133 ˫̥

¬ƿƻŮҽæ
ʱؽӤãŵ㸾˵ߣӡ
һٵڶԵסżˡ
ԼĶˣٲᱻЦ
Բһ˵սĶˣӣֿ޺ﰡǲ˶Ůҽ벻һȫǶӣ
ŮҪˣ㻹ʡӣǲӱҵҪǲﰡ
ָ˱׹Ůһ䣬ֺƤӱ룬ȴһСͷĸһ⸾һѱһصùֶŮɣСûĸŮġʮûɷҲûŮҹŮ֮ҹ˷ֶΪӣ޸ӡ
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ԭͣҪ檣ĻҺĺӡùͿֶŮӡ
ҽɲƴһļҵһԼ޸ϵ֮˰
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һ߶ŶһѨͳһöҩӣǲ¹裬ܲ㺬ҸѨڣһ
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134 

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¬ƿŮҽվԱ߿ãӱÿĵطһλ˲¹˳ԣһöʮӡ
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Բ˻ڼԼɷ
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ӱ˸䣬սţһ޵Ӥ
žǴɤŵԲ˵Ů
ϲˣǸƯǧ𣡡
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Բ۴ޣΪԼ˸ŮԹϽŮҽŮҽŮ
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135 

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136 3

ͷྩȨĺŴ󻧣ųĹԱ´¡ʱֻྩȨ⼸ĳһֻҪ֤ȷ䣬ɱͷ߳ҡ
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137 ū

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ˡˣڱûôΡ۴ϽӹƣֻжƣЩҲǾû˷ӡ
̾һ¹Ҫūˣ⸮ǵĴСﶼУֵġݵȫ
ǲ֪ŵֻƾϲӡ
Ϊǻ¹߷ߵصһۻ衣λһֳ뻯ҽ˭ɣͲܿ
赱ɴ׬һʣܿȡȰ֪ʶģ²뻵⣬ͷɱ˵Ҳ档
ū򲻵áã׬ô
ǰԭŻòѾͷֺݣӲǰһŻòϻ̣磬ҲûȬ̶Ҳ
һֽһָӡ
ӱóһŰƱվڽϽףֿɲࡣ
Χаҡҡͷ˭ҵĹҲֻһֲеѾͷӡ
˼ǮҪܣ
ȷƱ٣Ц΢΢صūˣū˺ӣɵúú÷̡
Ůеؿӱǹˣ
ɹʱ⸱СģôСˣ
һã
ȵɵվ͸ŹɣЩ
ĲбۣѪ裬ôѾͷﵽôģ˵ˣͷù˵ա
ӱ߰ɣūȥӸѡЬ࣬ٸΡ
ūתȥˣһˡ
ˣܲùԣ˵͹ӿǽסδӡ
ֻ˲Ӿ͸ūѡѣ˫Ьӣֻ˲˼ŮõΣһɫʵģеͷǶ顣
ūӱѡ£ֽϱȻȫֲʧģɫǺ̡ӻơõɫͷĻʽǲ֦ƣЬѡĶϡ֣ͷơ
ѡķ񣬷ͺǰĹһģһ
ūԭã˸ʱӱͬʱһ֧Ƕӣ鲻ֵǮԭǲ򡢲ԲĥƳΣҲ󣬶ǰ̶ССͷϼȲҲ
ӱЦûƳ۹⵹һϵľ÷ɫӻƵģŮ¡
ūͷϲɫƵĻĹҲ˵һֱţﲻôõˣôҲܸкñ§ŰѡΣӱͷ
Ͷ˴֪ø˽ϱȥסڷϽһߺŵδӣ⣬һŮʵһЩҽϵұ˿ڻã˿ﻹȡ׻ŧȾ󣬻㴦˿ڣģһҩ࣬Ĩҩ䲻ұ֤һûУϵİƲ
УۣһΣֻǹҪʹЩҪ۵ĶϹ´ϣĹͷƬҲҪѪ⽫Ƭȡ
ūŴͣҪһ
ҩ֮ɹﲻᶯӰﵽǲԼҵλ
-

138 

ԭĿ϶һã
˻᳤󡢱ϣûСġ
ǹ϶ĳϵ
ưͣǱ˹ƶۣҲǱ˿ϣⲻƣűģ㷸ʲô
ūһʹǺе
Сʱս㲻ʹӡñʣǱĵ֣ǹ飬ģ˼ϰ֣ҪŤ
ƲӺһʳǴܣ
ãһһǾͲõÿӴˡ
ǼŮģҲƫüλΪػѻ
ԺûǿŤ֡
ֵ£ɴö˻ҽûˣաλҲˣط˵˹գ˵˺
ûа
ĶˣʱҪˣͬĸ㾴أ򲻻Ầġ
СҲ˵ɵģдʵ˵ȥһ񼣿ɵˡ
ӱ뵽Ǹưͣ̾һȸٸ֮ۡɤӡη纮أذأɡҴĻˡ㣬͵ǸԼ飬û㵱Ѿͷʹ
ūҪͷӱһֹסãˣˣʲô֣ǲǻд֣һдҿ
ݣӱȡ˱ī
ūձʣŤŤдˡ⡱֡
ǽ⣬ΪǴΪʲôйŮļ䡣
ǸɫŮ˭ֹţȴǴһؾۡ
ӱ⣿Ժ󻹽֡ǲǻнաģôǵ֣
סˡ
ӱסڶݣСһʰһ£סһݡҸһͰˮԼϴһ£·
⿴ϵ֣ѿֻϰдˣǵһд֣дþѧģ֪ǲǾ˵Ŀκá
ӱһͰˮͳȥˡ
Լϴ¶ۣõָԼ˸ķ١
ӱڳﳴˡ
ڿ𣬡Ҫ˵ͲūҪʹѾͷôϻġ˵ֲˣưͣʲôһӡ
磬߶Ӳģտ϶ɩúڼ޸㡣
һ仰˵ˡ
ϱûء
ҪΪлܼһ治Ȣϱ
⽫ˮˮָڣˮͨ˴˵ྩǽûãֹ꣬ظɣˮܽˮߡ
ֻǣȴÿһͳһڼſڣջƽİߡƻ裬ſֻڷһֻͰ
⽫Լµ·ŵľͰӱ᷿л͵Ҳռ
ʱĶ˾ߴĴ
ӱ̽һԴ磬˵ɲ˻ƣҿɵͦġǱ˴˱۹ǣзӸκá
㻹ưͲɣ
Ϊʲôԣ
ưͶܿ˵浱Լҽˡ
ǣ뵽Լҹӵķ纮ȣҽҽûӣӹϵ̫ҽ޲ߣڻһպùһա
ӱǸˣ˵ɲ˻ĻöˡһβջЪЪ
磬лδ
ðʳӱͿʼҿϵỊֽ̇Ůɨͼﳤŵľм˳
ľͷµ֣ô˿ڣö۰𶯣ҰľмһҩϴµĻˣڻ˺ٲͻ²
꣬ԺӲùɣ컹ϴ£ҽΣ˿ɾĸˡ
ҹҽӣһ£ʲôûˡ
ͣǳǳЦ⣬ŵԽһģ
һ磬ȥҽݣȸ۵ҩۻۣʱɵסҪΣҲõӵ˲С
ӱ˿ڣֽյ˿ɴЩͱˣԹڼţżҾУմˮҹͿʼҸҩԡ
˵ͷůůģҵãѵ⼸ҹҹˣҵ
ˣ۾ֲǹ
Ǹжһù˼ô
-

139 ˣ6

ƻδʱлͷ
ͽӱһһֲѾͷ¸ˡ
ԭָ˵䣬лֻ˵˾䣺֪ˣ
ӣһǮǮ࣬⻨ɾס
ã˵ĻԼûˣҲѪˣǱã˶ûˣȡůһˡС㻨ʹӣǲԵģˡʹӣ˵ãɹܸùܹܡ
лЦһ£㵱ɵģôе
ӱеΪʲôļʲôֵ£Ϊʲôϴˣ¶ˡίʹ޵ü١
գӱðճʳϽҩ
ΪɣѶʮζҩķֳط򣬿ֲ֢ķӡ
뿪ҩ̳ʱֻһ˵ŭҪҪҼҿջ׳԰׺ȲɣԼɫ빴ҼƹĲɣ
һҿջǰһװͰ͵ĸ˫ֲŰһĸŮϳջ
ɩӣǾʶһŸȹĸذš
ʶ˭ǾʶҼǾʶôƤ¹𣨴ɣסȥƽջƹòã
һɫȹϴúܸɾĻӵһСһ˫۾ų
ɩӣҡûУŸͬ尡ҡû¡
ٸʱʲôɫһ֪ܲҪ㲻㣬š󲮻Ὣϳֵܻ㶪˲㣬Сݲ빴ˣ컨ȥ
Ḿ˱˵һͨ죬ܡ
Ҳݡ
żɷһߣͽϳ
Ϊ˰ռҵ·źʹֻ㣬
ûаɥ޵ϣƫòڿ죬˳ˮۣ˵˶Ϊʲô
ңɩҲȥֳǾ޵ýʲôɩӵģҲ뿪
òѰһŴȴƹӼɺϡûŴĸŮôҪ
һʹع£ɩӣûУĸŮסգϽϴĻƣ⵽ӾͰӣɩӡ
ջƹȫû˵˼෴öҪˣһҵӹòɲժԼĹϣɷֽڿ졢ܳԿ࣬ܰһѣǻ
븾ʱԼһʱĴȣ´
Χ˲ٵİա
ϵǳʯмұˣɷƽɷʱڴҲǳܸڿˡеĸֻϳӺӣǶ޶ãһײ£ͽֳֻĶأһţ
ͬĸ˵ո˵£Դ֮вͬ顣
̰ڣԿͣòǮݣʱ˵ϳϲƣҹˡ
ƽһĸ˵ʹȾ
Ƿ޸һֱҲˡƫ峤ֹʣ˵һĸǴ峤˵մʧڳҪٸϱ浵ģϱʹˣͷȫ嶼õϵ
ٸ浵򸮳Ů˾ʡ͵ĵƣ޵ľֳ˵ľٶ¡񣬰˺üʮ׮ְӣһ飬ͷĻ͸ˮ档
߼޻ģҲй⺦ģмıƺġĻ˽飬ܱ˾ĹԱǲһˡ塢塢Щֵ澡޵Ŀɲ٣ҲЩⶪʧҲָжȢ˵ӣΪ˷ãūΪ޵Ĳ١
д峤һô˵м˾ͱסˣԭойֵٸֻмҳ飬ĸŮϳмңսòõݹд󲮣￪ѵĻĵҲ塣
д峤β֪أ¶棬ֵôҵáδϳȴҲĸŮĸŮ־ֻϴ˵ǮҲûһֵǮġ
ΧİһҪ򱻴峤˵Ҫٴ浵͸ĳɸˣɼ˵м˾ǳϷܵļҵģֳ¾˹ٸ鱳
ıƺıǽ˻ٳһٰӣǺǿҪġ
ӱҲˣǱĸָݺġ
ɩӣˣѰƣҾͰȥŸ֣ҡû˼
ǳ˹ֶϣ᲻ᡭ
-

140 

ɩ뵽ԼǱãͨīЩƱ£˴ŵңҪ汻ˣÿ
Ϊһǳɷڣǰ˴򷢵ĺá
ӱʵƲȥһתǲǣ
˵Ŀˢˢؾ˹һǳ϶ŮŰɴգˡҼжӣҽһס֮ǰĸŮĻơ
ɩӿӱһİŮӡ
ӱЦôҽĸŮˣ
ɩһƹǺˡ
ӱ˿ɶ˵ԼǺˣ㻧ưա
ɩӳŮѰͷһͷ׺ֵġ顷ͷдĸŮĳ¡ַ븸ĸݡ
ӱգֽ黹ɩӣЦŶߵСй𻨣
Сʮҵ˵ҳʱ𻨿ʱȡй𻨡
ӱЦ߰ɣҼжӣһס
󣬴˵ϣк˰
ûضסҲ̫ˡ
ɩ֪ʲô㣬űżҸϳ
˵ɩȴö⣬ҲҪǿػȥúýŮɷµΨһѪ
ӱɩԭܶ࣬ɩĸĸƣĸ۳ӣֻƫ׶ΨмģۣﲻϡɩϿ˵ϵӰӣҲɷŮֻܼǿػȥίҲöԳܡ
ɩ飬ӱõҩ࣬ãӱɩ㲻ˣҼסڷϽһߺţסضǳţֻҪסضѰѰʱ˴֪ţҼŽ
ŮרѰôطΪ˰ȫ
ɩӦǣһֻֽקŮ
ӱҼ˲࣬ڸǶ飬סҼңһ̴ӡ
һŮӣ⣬ͬáŮǰҽ˽βѧһЩ
ȲһӸ㣬ţǰҲ㷿⡣£ûѰסһӡ
ģڸǻ治
ɩʱʲô󣬿һŷԭˡ
ŮǣѰƣǮάĸŮơ
ǰ˵˭˭ŽϴҲŮΪϴĻѰ˭룬ʮգʲôҲûѰżҵĿջӣƫŵŮ˰ζɹ˵ġ
ųŲɩҲѹֲסѰ˸ͷǰĸŮϳɡ
ͷ˻δһĸŮһҾߡ
ߴţ
˳ԺţͷҶ֪ûֽǺɡ
ɩصλллСɣ¶
¶ҡԽˡ
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ٳɣԺԭͲ󣬻ˡ
ӱﵷҩģһӣһһҩģԱ⡣
ӱ磬ɩ𻨵ķҲϣԺǼˣһԡ
һԡ
һ£һκ˵빫˵ա
лһĸŮɩЦݲãЦмģ¸ˣֵú¶ǡ
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С֪¶ҿĸŮ˷⡣
ӱ΢΢һЦŰο
СЦ¶һȱݡ
ڸѰƿɲˣ˼Ҷרŵ˽ϴʵ˼ҪϴҲϴ˼ҡ⽬ϴ˼Ҳطģͬ·ϴñҪɾ
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˵ǣʮգϴĻƣһˡ
ӱصɩҪ˵㻹ǱѰʲôƣԼŮС⣬⸮˶ࡢֻҪϳԿ࣬ĸŮ⡣
֪ĽǶʱڼ˶ŵȢӣҲǸܸģԼĥ˶طָ˶ĺóԶ
̫̫Ϳ˶ӣʮԼ棬꽫ڵҲڣǿǴͷһԺӵĴ󶹸̡
ȫǵľ¥ʳ¥ȫ򶹸гҺšȨ˼Ҳ˵̫̫һ¾׬ǧӡ
-

141 㲦

ˣˣֵܵŮ¡ɵײս͹˽ӵΪӣȢֶŮӱҲѪ֮⣬ֲˡ

л溬ǳЦ
ӱЦζ
ɩһ£̬ȳϿңܳԿࡢڿ죬ܻ
ûжŮ˶ӣֶŮҲжˣһ׵ĹѪΪ˶һݸļҵ
ֻãǶ治Ǹӣδҽ¶棬ϵ£һֱǽڴɼҲǸסġ
أ
ôоڽСӡ
ɩϸϸĥ
С𻨵̫̫ĥط
ӱķָɩСǸСӣ̵кԣ˳Կࡢ⣬ÿϸɣÿģطĵĽ׻˵úãг״ԪɩҪС⡣ûӣҿԽһЩ㽫׬Ǯٻҡ
΢üͷ£ӸסһԷҪĳɱǮ
ɩмصң¡ʲô⣿
ӱڻ̻ȻɩʵңҾ͸˵һ԰ͷС̯ģԼŪС̯רͷѧӵǮ
԰ͷˣǸǰգж̯λһͶµģ߳ϵĻ洫⣬̯λҲϴģͻȻһȥ⣿
¹Ǻãޡ
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ӱֵһⲻľ¥ʳ¥˵Сģ¥ʳ¥Ʋˣɲ졣˲ˣҪһܳϣֻҪЩ˵黰˻ٲҲһЩ
УʳǺƣˣЩҪѡһǲãһЩȥˮƤƬڷŵƯЩȥȥһЩ
òÿڣùСȥ⺢ӻһ̾ϵĸŮıơ
л½ĸڸǿһ¥
һң
һƷ¥
½ĸ˵˵ɩҾ¥졣
¶ɫ»Ⱥ£˲˵ȻҪ˰ŻơӪ
ӱᣬּɩлܰæкˣʱЩӻɨءʲôġ㿴ɩҲǸ͵óԵģҲܴ֡
˼ҵľ¥⣬ЩͷҲӦģһ½̹ɩҲ̤ʵЩ
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˵½ڴ½Ҳһгһչȥʣʱƹڵ
ðʳɩʰ꣬øɸɾˮﶼ˸顣
ǰ죬ɩ治ˣû˻ȤɩУͰ治ѾͷҲֻῴ𡣡
ֻһֻ֣һֻòϣʲô
֣ڣĻͽҰա
лˡ
ӱֻɩ졢ˮϸϸؽһ飬Сһúζ
죬ӡ۽ɹȣż͵ģһҪϸѡлġõģ˹˵лҲֻۣ˵ǼƷӡƷԴԼȥСġģ˵һЩⲻ֮ࡣ
ˮǰƤˣðڳƯ״Լƴһ̣ɲֻۣ˵ûùŴ͡
ӣʵ¶ǰ졢ˮطˣ
ӱ֣һصС˵öԣطֻǼ֪ɲ߱ˣȻ׬ˡ
գлʱӱ½ͬˣ˵ֻ죬ɩ͹ȥһƷǶѾк
ӱɩӵǮ
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ɩһƷ¥ǽżһྣС𻨣ӱ˼أԸ£Ưż䣬;͵ҪȫǼƷģмƷӡƷ
˿һСѾͷɺøжŶǮһݣ
һӾǹˣһСϰĺҪۣ˿ͼǮ¥´ĿԹӣҪǶȹӶһǮ
ҵĹӻмȣ
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142 ҽ9

⼫ƷģҺҹһööģһȵԴһЩٴһЩȵ̫벻һƷĴ¥Լˡ
һݰգһλ۹Цӡһݡ
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С𻨲͹ȥ
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ɩʱʹŮˣƷȫˣҲˣһȵֻһ룬ĸŮϲɫЯﻹ˿鶹˶⡣
һǻس
ӱɩˣô
С𻨷һعֱȻţ˹ʮӣ˵һһǮӣﻹʮǮ
ӱḧС𻨵ԴС𻨱ɩҪܸɵģӵǮ׬ģԲԣ
Сһɫ
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ӱһƷ¥ֲʱҲŸЩϾҪǶģ˼ҵĿˣмĪ˱˵⣬¶˵ûѴƹġ
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ͬ𣬵Ƕġ
ҽǧƵŮҽǸҽǷֻǽ͵ҽǧƵĲڣнʮŮҽзӵġ
͸һ򣬡ͳְɣҼҷˡڵϦٲ֣ĸѱΪ˸ӣѾʮˣҼҴĺӶˣĺӶˡ
ҽŮҽ
Ҳû͵ҽ֡
Īҽ𣬲·̧ȥҲƬ̵Ĺ
ѲɣҽŮҽѾȥƹˣûзӣѰġ
Ҫҳ֣˵˵ΪҽŮҽ֣
⻰ʵֱӡ
ŮҽڣҪ롣
͸ڵϣҹʹ򶯵ģǰλ˸Ǽү檡
Щ꣬һһӳ±زֻۣ̥һʬ
Ϊ˸үӣ˺Щ꣬ҩˮûٳԡﶼҪˣŻһ̥
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143 ʲ10

˼ҵԺҲûǸɾģѲ⣬ǽãվͿǳС
۵ˣүȥҽ¬ƿƴˡ¬ƿƴ˼֮󣬲ŷ˶ҩֽšҩūץģҲ͵˷ģɷ˷µĲ˳ҩǱ̥ҩ
񣬷ʳ˴ı̥ҩѿˮˣȥǴˡӵѱ
ڿˣ
ĲΪǸǿ˵ģǸֵɽ
ӱһں
λ͸ΪǰҺլ˽˵
֪˵ϣ˵ûۡ
ү뱣ӣﶼҪˣѾִˡ˵ҽ֮ƣūǼҷ˽
ҽ֪Ű¾͵ƺ
ĪҿºլҪݺշˡ
͸һģְգ
ӱƬ̣Ҹ˵״֪ˣзӱĸƽǣүλչͬ⣿
ֻҪﱣҼҷĸƽҼҴ˵ˣԸóһл
ҵķʸӣĪҲͬ⣿
֪˸Ͳͬⷨӡ
ʸӣ˵ﳯ֮ʱҽҽɺҽҲġ
ʸӣֻҪõҷ˼Ůֻһͬʸӷǡˣ
Сġ
ӱΪҪ׼αۣҪͷ֢Щһֱ롢ߵȶǰб˲٣ƳߣȻִķ߲࣬ȴʤޡ
Ȼûãذգ
ʸӣ˵̫ţˣθӦǿӲүѾ߸˶꣬Ҫӣ˵˶ǶӣֻҪӣѾ˲Ϸ˵
ӵܴѲҪ̱˵Ķӡ
үȻ֪˶Ըûжӡ
£Ѿ֪ǰλѲ檣ҲǷ֮ʱι˱̥ҩʹѿ̥ڶһʬ
ʮǰˣǰӲû˵ͷı
֪ˣүִ˵үܺլĴŻõնӣ׳˵ӣ򵽷ϣȴ
͸һ¹;ȾҼҷĸӰա
Ҫȣҳ֣ʸȡӡ
ֲ̫ҽɣθұ֤ĸӾ
û˷ˣү϶ȢңδҪˣ¾Ҫˣڿɶ°һ˹Т꣬˺ֻױͰòáﲻ޵żңѱү̧̡
ккڣҲۣһûʧȥҵ̣ϣһٵУеܵܣҲһ̡
ҽǧƵ¬ƿȥƹҲԹ򿪲ڵķӣȻܸı䣬ΨһķӾֻʸȡӣĪ˲ӦҲȻ
͸ڵϲߣӱ಻ӦȥĪңὩֲ£ӱæµԼ¡
ӱ͸¹Ź֣Ҳʹ˻ȥʹ˻Լڵϲˡ
˵ˣԷӦ㲻֡
ϾǹŴʸӻܡ
ܳɹסĸţ´ٳͬΣͬӣˣɹĻʴˣȻܱܡ
Сʵ¶ңСܸ𣿡
Ŷ
Сգ۾һչ
ãȥ档
С᷿ȥһߣһе˵סСҪԹԣβݻ
ӱԸ͸ļת޷Լҩ䣬롢ߡӡҾƵһӦȫ
ķζ
С𻨱ıؽ˳Ǻ⣿
벻ԣ
룡
ȥлӺûǻǾͿԳԷˡ
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һӱ˵ЩҽѲӱҽҽ˻
ĪҶĴ͸βѰ
һͿԼҵͣһլӵͷ̧ۿʱ͸ͷ
ӱͷµĪҵĵڶ˵ˣ˵һ飬ǲͬʸӣǲֵġ
ʸΨһܱĸƽķӣӣʱҿɲΡȻһҪŴͳķӲӣգ
Īһ£¹ܱĸ븹еĵܵƽ
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144 

ӱ̧ͼһ½۵Ĺ˽ĪҶĵճŮΪڸλó硶ɻͼҴٷˡ
Ī̼ȻţֺαѰҳ֣
Īתһ飬ֻҪ㱣ĸܵƽ˵ʱһӵл񡣡
ӱҩϹŵǳЦҲҪһлҽɻͼͳɡ
Ѳ˻ҽó塣
ɻͼĵ߷֮ǰ޹ˣߣõ뷨弼֮࣬զ࣬ͼ˷ܲʺīԭͼҪ弼ͣ̾ԡ
ֻҪĸ׺͵ܵãҡԽ͡ɻͼҶǷ˳ʱӭ㵽ͼʱԸó͡
ӱл
Īϵ롪
ӱԳ˵ɩ⣬ȥĪĪҪʱ䳤ЩĪҪġ
ʸӰܲģ
ʿˣ˻ܻ
ӱĪҵҡҡλΣ㹤ͽĪլת֮䵽Ī϶ĸۡ
Ժ򣬴һ˵ʹ
ϣһʮĿתˣһоҽҽǸСһûǵС
ûë²Ρ
ôСܸͣ˽
ԭʮΣ˿ʱ֣ʧ
ĪҴӦ㣬ֻҪĸĸӾҷһ⣬ԽɻͼΡһתĸ׻ܵһ˳Σգ¹ͲĪҶĴš
ҪʵʩʸĪ˵Ļĺ
ǳҪв
ӱ˵ãʸӺǱҵİţʲôʲôʲôҩǲҵġ
ĪϵҼԻǲС㲻ҪĪҲϡ
Σʱ̣Ҳֻˣ֮±·ƫƺӣҲûˣȥĸѱ
ӱһͷת˲
ԺʱŮϸϸؽ˽ɨ裬еĺѽȱһ̧ͷͼҽŮڣһĪҵ͸Ůҽ£˶ˣұʵʩ
һתӣͷȡһ£ŮҽҲ곤Ůҽʸӡ
ǳɹǾ͵۽磻ʧܣǲõκΡ
˵Ȩѧϰˡ
ӱ׼һȷҩһĪ˵ĿڱǼ䣬Īʱ˹ȥ
ȡ뿪ʼѨֹѪѰλãƬغжǸ
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ͷĪүⲽ
Īﴹײո׵顣
ĪԺﲻ¡
Ժͷм֪ǵģֻڵһ
ʱʣͷһŮҽ¹⺢ӻϡ
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ȣôȣ
˿ں᲻᣿
ŮҽһãȻ
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ͷĪүʵǹǹ𣿡
Īϵһۡ
ߵ͸æ֣˿ƽ
үǸֵСӣúˣ۾ֺڡ
ӱ˿һŮҽп˼ĶƤһãȻԣȴԣҷ찡
ӱҾϴ˿ڣ촿һƾϰǧٴΣ죬Һܿ죬ͳ룬ϵķǳĲͬ
ӱȡҩĨ˿ڣɴĪ׼֮ڣһĪĸӡ
ԼĪ˵ûֹ
ĪүһӣǻϲŻӹССĺӣǿٿֿǶӣǶӣжˡ
ֵģǸжģЦž
ݣӱǱ⺢ڶӴ̫ãЩòҪӴˡзȡ纮вһԶ룬Ҳɣ˭ûнӴвˡ
Īүһ⻰ʱǶ
ЦүǽͰաҪӺӣĪȴһӹܵܣһ⣬ڲ˳ҩôɱ̥ҩ£н˶ϲ顣
λŮҽܣΪǰλѲɲǽ
ｫܽӴˣӴλ˶ϸϸسһ顣
ǰλţλûŪ˸һʬ
ĪϲòɣλҲ⡣
⣬Ѹճĵܵܽⲻ뻢ڡ
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145 

ʱ׹̣˵ĻģūԷ˿Ĺ
Ĺ˳ҩα˱̥ҩֿ˵ˣǶŰҩҲֵݵſڵģڲҩ㣬ҩͱˣ
̣һֱžͲᱻ˻ҩҩʱɻˣǶ֤һҩֱιķˣҩ汻Ҳ֮ǰ
ǰȥӱ͸˿ŭ֣ɲҪ˵һ˷˵ҩ
ŮҽĪ˻˸ɾ
ĪҩЧԭڻ˯
ĪϵãжܽӴҩ˶һҪŹĸ׺͵ܵձûˣ±ϲ飡ȥһ˸ã˾˳棡
Īү飬ˣҪֳȥǶҪҪˣ
Ϊ˵ӣǰǹϧԽſ񣬼Ȼǲò飬򸮵ĸͽ顣λλܣ
һ֪ӻĸ֮ȡҲǶͲûжػÿɰܡ
ֶͬΣǰϣһؾõĸϣ±飬Ҫ飬Ҫ
Īڻſڣڳ븸׼ת
ĪǿƵغȵ㻹ɵվûҵķԸȥˣǣ浽ȫѺȺʻ
Īʵ㣬Ǳʲô
ĸλһʬ㲻
Īɶˣȥ
ĪĪҶ
ĪүϲŮΪµ˶ӣҲƽϣȥڡ
ӱҹĪˣι˲ֱƨҩЩʳÿҪ˿ڣҪιһЩӱҩ衣
Ŵûùҩ̶ҪС
Ī̥ǹ󸾣Ϊ˵öֵ壬ָӱԤĿ졣
ֻǣĪҶ˹٣˾ˣ˾Ůǰѯ漰ҩһ
˾һʵĪˡ
Īϣ⼸һֱӱڷҩʺЩ˼ŮһͣȴЩۻ
Īˣϸ룬ϣµҩȵĻģ
ȵġ
ʱɼǵֱӵݸ㣬Ƿһ
ҼǵúʱŮҽң˵˳ҩˣȥܿͻǽҩιҵġ
ҽĸǧŮҽѲ̥ҩ˳ҩֱ粻壿
ɲҽŮҽ¸صŮҽǴྩ̫ҽԺҽԺҵģҪŮҽ츳ÿϿ̿࣬²йҽҽ֮֡
ѯŮҽʱŮҽĴǣŮ˵ҩ̫̣˲һ˾䣺˶ٰϲΣصĲζʱ͸˵Ϊ˸Ī˲Ԫõġ
˼ôϲΣΪҩζҩŵȣҲΪɢųԵı̥ҩϢһڵѪŮҽûֱһ뱣̥ҩ
⻷ۼ䣬˹ıŮҽ۾
˾˵ĪˣȷûмǴ
Īϸϸػζһ飬дʱŽӹֱӾǰιҳԵġҵʱ۵ýЩҩ˳ҩ֮ǰŮÿκȥûôʹˣھʹ֮УֻҪźҩ϶ǶŵģҼǵú
ΪźҩԾһֱſڡ
Žҩʱҿͷ֣ҵһֱҲ
ûԹ£
ôԹأ
Ī¶⣬ĸˡ
꣬ԶָĸᣬⶣҪúչ
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̷Ī̾
˾ʵô£
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ĸܲԼŮǰ͸ԼŮŪһ檡
̷ֱУĸ֪ʢŭ֮£ִô¡
ֱȥץ˺컨µ̫һҩȥ̷̥ȴҲ
޸ҵΪޣֱű̷ָϣܳȫ̷һƬ⡣
ҺͶó󲻾ã̧˱̷Ϊͬʱ̧λ
ҵĻԸȥԺ־Ҫ˵飬ҵԸ¡
λ֣Ҫ谮ȥĪ˱ɷ̷谮¼£
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146 ࣨ13

һáóɴȴ޵ĻᶼûУﵱʵʩ䣬˽ҷҵһŭ֮£˽ãȥõǰһҹ̷Ծ
ӱܲ˾Ī˵ⰸӡ
ǰŮˣһǼƶˣһŮǿ͡
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ĪǶĵճŮֳྩҲһͻݴ󷽵Ůӡ
Ī˵˵Թң
ˣֻһŮ̷ˣв㣬޵ġ⼸ҾͶźլ¶£һ鵽һ£˽˺ӰĪӢΪӡЩ꣬ʱʱ̵£Ϊɺϣ
¶˾Ȼ֡
ĪֵȥϽ¹ȴһС¹ִϣ˾ʱ䡣£¹͵ܵܵ
ȥ˰ʱҲ飬ȥ̽˵ĪĸӾûˡ
ɼĴ
ܣĸẦ˵̷£Ǳ̷дȣǱ̷ԼͿ
ˣ̷Ů
˵Ļڶô
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ɷϣǸò鵽ࡣ
˾˵ӣ϶ᷴĪϵĻ
ĪƲ૵Ϊʲô̷ҿǾ糤ΪʲôҪΪʲô
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ȴǹһĻأȴ汾µĪӢΪӡ
Īһߺˣ˾ˣ
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ӱỊ̄Ī˵˿ϵòѽ˴ѾͷҩҩºٵżߡĪ˻ŮҽǸٵСǱҲҽĶʥָƽ
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֮ʳöȫӱѹء
Ī˵˿ϵòżӱ´߼ֻ˿ڳۡ
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ҲǹңĪˣȸǣ
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ӱЦãתٷˣлͲˣҡɻͼһ͡
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ʸӲӰöߵҽⲻ˵¹ҽҽŮҽǻ̫ҽԺҲûб
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⣬ת֪ѵ¹ԼҹӵģǸлҵģôǮʵڲÿǽӱ
ЦŶͷֵİյǶɢ˰ɣɢ˰ɡ
˿֣ɢȥ
⡢ɩæ˰ֻӰ㵽лţôӣſһ
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147 ԣ14

ɩӱ¶ңǶ˵ȫкֻҪ֣˶ʮ˶ܽһǲģ
ӱǰɹһȺѹѹѻԿνһʮʮ٣ϣҲû˻ţֻǿġɩͷ˵ҸĪ˽Ī˶ӻԭ̥ǲҽ޸ɡ
ô޸ɣ˵ĪҶ߸ˣү˺ü檣ȫصշ˵ҽȥģҪɱˣ˵һǸŮ
һ˵ɩš
ǴǰɩΧİնô˵ֱ˵ҵĶҾǸҽֻҪֻޡ
˵ҽȥĪһ
ɲǿѨ˵϶ġ
ɩ૵˵Ҫ缸¶ң˵ҼҹһǸк
ͲСˡ
С𻨴˿̾Աߣ¶ҽңǲǾͱкˡ
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ԱɵЦţҲӡ
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л򶼺⣬ûŮǸһͻġ
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ӰжԷޣ˺üŮҽһٵӡ
Ԭ֪ɣǮʮǰ޵Ԭ巿ʮױǸճŮռһүǮؿ٣ҽʧŮ˸Ů
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Цҽ׼ûٷ˿ɸлˣĪҶжˣǸչӡ
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Ī˶ҪԼǲǶëӱ˵һԭ˵ʸӣ
ӱ뿪Ī˾ͿʼӣóԵĳԣúȵĺȣԸһӣĪãԵñκһӶҪࡣ˼ĸ׸ŮӣǳŮҸĸ򣬽졣
Īү˶ӣһ˵չӣֵüüۣ֣ûһġ
ɩ²ڳѹ¶û⡢ҲûĸŮĳʳ˼һˣһ־š
Сڳɩˡ
¶һЪˡ
ôһӣܲԼС棬һͿԳˡ
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һֱˣû
ӱƬ̣磬һ磬ǻذء
£ٷǺģΪãֻ͵ͷøף˵ҽصУԽԽ֣ȥȫöӵ˼ң϶
ǰԴ˶Ŀֻ밲ǰ˺ҽߣɽȫ˸ҽµǴȥˡ
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148 Ů

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ӱԺˣȥģȥСУѰһҴУֻǵôоڸòԶ
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¿ٷ˵ңЩɥĸү檣һֱûȢԼŮί
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ٷأ޵꣬ӲǳɹռҵĹСƷ⣬ǿǴ󹦳ҵļλүҲء
ٷĪϳɷ÷֣ҪǣӣҪǿЩɴҲʣ¾ûвġ
ûĸֻһ̵̵ϱʲôԼΣһ͸һӣҵ壬ȫٷ˵ġ
ӱĪҿƹλٷµķǿ˵һҸԼĸִǳŮµ۵հ
˵λĪҶķ˾ۣԸͼ޵ĪҶƫճŮմŮһһճŮӰ㶼Īˣˡ̫үΪǰΪԼҵĵճﶩΪϱ
Ī̫үѡģѹٷǿơ
̫үǳɹıŵڵˣж߸ˣˣгϢΪٵľǸӣСԭҲ飬˾ûٶûʮûˡ
ҴүȢеޣ޹ŰأճŮˣھΣҲûǴͬ
ճŮȫǽ̫ү̫˽Ů£ȫ̫ү
̫үĹأ̵ϸ񣬻桢ѵˣӵܣŮǱһǼ޽ģӵ˵ĵǲµԴΪأ˭ַĵĻ˿ټϽд
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ǳϴӣǳ¼ģĪҴ󷿵ĹԵû
ⶼʲôʲô
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ԺһѧӣҶ˵϶ܸнʿǺѧӣ˼вŻٷ˵ΪΪ檣ⲻңЩš
ǶλԼŮø˼ңԲҵ
ĸĪүֲܺլ£ָֻλ޳ĴҴѰ£ò˾
ӱŮӵ˾ء
Ϊٻ󣬱˵ŮŮҲв٣ٷĪϣӲǸΪ檣ȣѰӣкѧӣɶ¡
еˣǶԷĲŻЩԼıϸõ£ɼĵġ
ˣٷܹڡԼǰųʱҶĵմŮ޵ռңռҿ̱֪󣬴뼸˹ȥ
ռҴ󷿵ĳӣϷ߾ˣ˶Ĵý㣬ԸԸ롣ˣҸһֱ⻰Ը⡣
ռҴʲôˣûǻѾͷȫȾ֣ͷңֵ߰㡣ԭҾͿڻ飬նүӲǰŮ޹ȥ
ٷ˴ռңմһ֮»д˺飬һú飬ױͰ˸ˡ
ʱýĪģûһаŮͷѰһ˼ˡ£ԺѰһѧӼˣѧҲǺˣʮˣһֱſԲУһ޹ȥ͸ˡ
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149 

ٷִǾһμңܽҵŮŮ£סò˵ίʵǸ˲š
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˵˼µʱռΪ˴ңӢĺȥٷҵİãƫĪûϵ
лֹȴӱúȤɩĸŮҲ档
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ռϣǾˡ
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150 ָ

ӱֵɩС𻨳бˡ׬Ǯˣżҡһ᲻
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СȴԴ̺ʹҼҵ·ӣҺϳҲǵŮҲǡ
ӱ˿ȻǸ㡶顷β˳ˮۣԼŮǮĸŮġգмһҲŮң޷ģǿԼ˫˼ҵҲĶ
У޴ӸټɼҪҪټޣȫƾԼھ¥С⣬ʱճˣΪ㻹ΪС𻨣϶Ҫһݼҵġ
Ĵ󶫼ҽ̫̫ƾŽڸ֮ŮͲᱻǣűߣʱΪԼıһҲǱģҪȵ鷢Լûڡ
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151 ӻ飨18

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152 

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153 ɣ20

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154 û

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166 ӵ2

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172 ҩ2

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ҴүŤͷƻŮЩ棬ĿתضšɻͼǸҽ
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ҲʱΪԼѡΪ˶ӣΪ˼ˡ
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174 ҽ2

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ֵһһƵġ
κﻹʣףһЩ˵Ρ
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СѾͷָһС֬Цڲסˡ
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175 ʹ

СѾͷһһֻȦһԾһ֬һһΣ֬۶ء
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֦ǽĵûϻ棬һδ˯ûȥ˯Ҫ빫ȥءͷƤҪǹܴȥͺˣ˵ɽĹɽôء
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ӱ⣬һһԾա
ӦһκӣóԷɫСЦŽӹŹӱʣһǽǽͻȥȡ
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177 ͷ

۸̽ӣ궼ڰռ̰١ٵ֤ݣҪҲͷˣ󱳸һƬ亹
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179 

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180 ⣨2

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181 

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182 (2

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ʤߵĵһǶνǣָǴﳯֱ¶ĶڶӪıȨͳʮӪͳһְǴһƷ佫ʵְƾܴӪʮ
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183 ɻ

佫ÿһεıúǼңŹأﳯʢҲп佫á
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184 2

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185 

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186 죨2

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187 

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188 2

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201 

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202 ж2

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203 

Ȼ塢磬Ҳħ塢硢硢ַ硢硢ʹ֮硭塢硣
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204 2

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205 Ĺ

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206 Ǳ2

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208 (2

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СҡͷҰѾͷǶҵ۾
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210 2

ӱЦǴһðɣǰڵʱסԺ˶һһ
صлҺ⣬ǽóԹˡ
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211 

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ӱ΢üͷⱳ¨ǵĻɩģ
ӵɩûôСҽģѰµطվͻסģǻӣҲǸ⡣
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÷˳Ŷ˷ݡ
ӱ˶࣬鲻˰ںã⣬ĺþ䣬Сڡ
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÷ʿ֣ԺɲȾơ
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ɩҵһƣ˺Ⱦƣһ룬Ȼתųһڡ
ӱһڣԵһڣС𻨾ÿմһγζ
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ΧһһһԷʽֱ÷ʢһˮˣζģù񫣬˶˲١
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212 գ2

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ӽ类Թ˺üأ㣬Ҫǻȥգ򶫼ϸ
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ö̧ű¨ϽߣδҪߵţͷһЦʡ
տǾˣһӳԣЩǴ¥Ҳûĺء
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ԽԽԣôúõ˵ЩûദŪþɩڱŪǷǡ
Ů˿ǳ฾֪˵ǽöٻء
ǻҴܣ̧ĴŷţţţģŮˡ฾޳ܣ㱳˵öҰǸߣԭһʹˣ
ǰѿ˼𣿡
ôû˼㣬˼ҵĵˡ䣬ָ˵ɡ
÷㿴ɩɩ뵽Լȷʵ˵ǽ䣬Щ飬ǵɼҳ˵Ҳֻ˿û뵽һǼҽִ
͸š
ӱǽùûûԣһɣҽ³ģﲻ⴫˽ˣ¥ԲŶ
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ҪڣǰæˣڳǱߣһһ𡣡
¶죬˵ѻôҲ˵Ϲ
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ǰЦǣǣһӣͷûҲûӣԭţһʱûƺʣҲʱסģɼҾߣþͳɡ
С𻨵˵ˣɼҾߡӵãǼˣ²ġ
һ仰˵ӵ΢΢һ䣬ǰ˵ɵıˣСһ˵ֻҪ뵽ùģӦúܡ
ľͲһǰͷ϶Ϣȥģǧӵĸ߼۽Ժ¡˼ҵľǻõģմһ
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213 

һͷӶݵ³ﱧһȡһͷǰµġӱϰþԼлµİϣɵû
÷ɩ˵ǴȺͺˣⷿҲҾߡڼʹҵķӣڵĳݣЩȫġ
ӱﰵִⷿӣšסĿɲأʲôǽɵĶţŷǶҲãôҲ
ӱ÷㣬ҼӣסʱԼװޣ뿪ʱָԭҼҵĶߵʱ£õĶߵʱʹߡǸģģд
÷ҵĹأɩˣ﷿Ĳöȥ٣ԭһ£ʵֻܽ

ӱǵøżҾ˼ֻ
ԣùȦֻҴЩҪ飬ȥ飬һ̧Ȳȼʺû˾ò̹
ʱ᲻ҪʹãԺѰ佨լҲɡ
һլӣԺӻСڽѰط÷뵽ŵֱ߿ԣɩĸŮסӣɩֲɲ˵
÷ĥ˼˵Ըԡ
ʵԺӲСܲͷһ²ˣ
ǼҽĿɿڴ
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󰡣Ҫ־²˿϶ԼҳԵĶˣÿһС죬һһ̲ˡ
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ӱЩ˵ʲôζΪǸõģҵĸо϶еģһŸˮԺñҴɿоˡ
÷㲻ɵЩʧ
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մףΪҧһҪմ׵ٰ
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ǼɩĸŮܹϺӣĸŮϳԿ࣬С͸Ϻӡ
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214 弼2

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СյǶ⣬Ҿ̴ߣҴҲ
ǰѵ۵ϲˣʲô¡
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һμġ
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÷;񿴹һû˵廨ģ첻˵˫ֲãһһڱ棬ͬʱ벢廨ַδš
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ʱһţС𻨣ɫ˿ߣ
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ѧӼʱģ
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æҪǽòǵҲС
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215 

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⹫֪ǻθ𣿡
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Ѱ֪׵ͷѰͷӬѰױЩͽӺƭãһľʧһԻ١
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˵ǰαУ˲ˣǲں˶ںЩǲϿɵĹȥ£ͻᱻС޷ȥԼٲϲװҲҪװںΨŲᱻ
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СᵽԼʱҲ˯ˣú档
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ӱǶλ̧٣Ҿٶ˵䣬ǿɱҶ¡
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ǵͶԵദѡݰĸ飬ǵһΪǳΪദҲ
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216 飨2

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Ψǰãǳʳ򵥣Ҫͷе
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ǶʵĹӵˣ⣬һˣ糣ƬհײˣһʮģһðײǮʮǮ˼һٻʮģ̰ͷ͸ˡ
ǿ϶룬Ҽ٣⣬һðײ˳Լ죬ǮǮô
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УҪ˵ԣʵֻҪˣʵʡǮܳԺá˵ǮһĹͷȰͷ
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ңС˵壬˴һСӼƽʲôҪ﷿ǣѰʲôĸһ
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ңҿɲˣסɩҾǶˡ
С½е㽲أﲻ̿˯֣ﰲˣ
ˣصԣҾˣ˵һһҾɩСԼ˵ǽòڣǲڶǰŪǷǡҲ֪÷һƷ¥ƹҵԶãھ¥գ˵û÷ⷿӡ
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СѸŶ⣬йա
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217 ɨѩ

С𻨵˵û˵ǻûǰ˵
С˵û˵
ӱɩʵڣ˵˼䣬ӲǲҷϣϾʵˡ
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ɩɣĸŮסһݣ͵Ǹ˰䡣
ӵЦˣŶһ˦֣㣬Ѷᵽɩȥ
÷ɩȥæˣٲŪãǽҲûض˯
÷÷ӻݡ
С𻨵̵ܹƿŲһ˯ء
ﰵӸһ٣˼ˣãͳˡ
ɩ˵Ǽҽýᴲɩɴֻ˰֣һſ˯˵Ĵ˳ѰƲ˻ҡ
ӵﻹһľ³ڿûãǽãҲӾɡ
ɩѵڿⷿǽϣֽ³ͷƿ
ǰɩ³̧˳ȥӸҴɨɾ
һӽ⣬ѽһõľ磬Ȼ˼ҲԴ·治
С𻨴С죬ƤӱģļҾ߶ȥˡ
˵òͷһСǾЩ߸һڣͿǽÿԷᡢߵԵױ̨á
Сյ滹һӣҲȥա
ⲻȥϣ෽㰡ҵΡǮʱˣǽá
Сߺߵص˵ǲŲǵĶǽãֵǮľ¯ӡСͲ
ǿԼļҵ
С𻨵Ҽ׬Ǯһļҵƣ۲㡣
ɰСҵš
ҽУ´νСӣй𻨣ͻҺ
ҲôС
̺ǡС𻨡ɲ㺰Ǹ̽ϲңоǶҡ
ŷ֣СƤúܣһȤ£ԺʱʱͺС𻨶졣
ӱͷĴͼҾߣһٽȥƣͷǲŷŵģɩĸסǿߣϽסм䣻ٷ³ɩĸŮõųڷţϽõųڷţҵӶ£ʯͷˣܳɩõԼߣϽõǵĴԶҹ˯ʱԷ
ɩ˵ȥϽþ͸̵ϡ
ӱֱ˱ӡͷ
ͷѰһµ͹ȥ
ʵңû߳ĸ𲼣ɵҲɣӣӿӿݣʵЩѿ
ȥѰ˿黨ĸǰԭӵġ
ӱһۣû
ӰԼҵĺС¯ԱһţŵϣͰϡ
ӱǽ÷ӣ˭˭ø졢Ҿá
Ҫӿ϶˵ˣȴЦ˭ǽи϶ˡ
ãٸҴñӣڱҾͺá
ңĸҰǵĴˣ㡣
ӱʰ޲ˣ˯ɡ
ֵǽûûͰأǰǸ÷ˡ
ͰҪӱ˹ȻͣϵˣãûշⰡ
ɩҶŮˣҷŵ䣬Ҷá
ӱʱɩ÷﷿￴ͷЩɼҾߣѰܲкõģһǻļӣֻмĻûˣһӡ
÷ңܸôʿסݣͷֽʲôװȥҲԵЩ
ʲôʹᡣ
ã÷ӦһŲɩӰߣְһŰС̤Ҳˡ
ɩ͸ˣñɩ磬һڳʳ
ɩʱһ´ѩˣԺӶһѩȻɤţС𻨣ɨѩѩʨˣ
˯㣬𣺡ģܲСЩѩôˡ
Сǣѩ׷갡
Сǣɩһе̫ˡ
С˵˲СӻһһСǡ
ӣСһߴ£һţСǣ𴲣ɨѩˡ˵ˣסһԺӣҪһˣҲԺӣɨѩҲķݣɻ
ӳűͷͷһıӾ䵽Ƥˣǰ˯㣬һק¶һء
ӵЩˣȴɽһŶƣȴˮһѩ򣬡СҴ򣬰ѩҼҴ
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218 󷽣2

б£ѽѽѽѽ
òᣬҲ㣬Ҳǡ
׷ʱɩ÷ʿȡǽǵĴɨɨѩѩ̫񣬾١
ɩˣ﷿ȡ˰£ؽͨԺŵѩɾֽ᷿ſڵĲˣ֮Ƕѳһѡ
Сɨ㣬һɨһСţ㲻˯þҲ˯á
Ǹ棬˯ͣģ֪ôżҡ
СҼҾ˵ֻˡ
˯¶ˣʲôµġ
ǰԭ˯ͷֻһ¾ǰѻƽҺᵽԺ⣬ԺһֻͰѩˣջƽҺİҪһ
ʱ÷ʿƼȡԼҵģɵͰ
ӱŵʱѾˡ
ֻͰɩ˹ȥɾˮϴ˲Ÿ⡣
÷ԶӵƼûɩ¸ˣĻأŸɻҾףϲǺˣŴġЯ٣Ƴ˿ʵռ˴ˡ
ƼС𻨲ϵȦû͵ģļҷҸͺġҹһƯҲСˣһ˵ĸŮæ
÷ʿֶؿͷˣʱƳԿʵɩѴй˰æĹ˾Ƕҡ
÷Щ˵úɼסˣͷµĵ
Ҳġ
÷Ѱ˸÷ʿϣ⵽ˣȥһ˼ңǵڴӰֻһӣʰʰסҲˣݶãͦģҪѧúͲؼһ͵ˡ
Ҫһֱס
ס㿼ˣǾͻྩʿ͵Ϣ÷ֵһ¶ϵ壬ɣ
䡣
ﻹӣȡ͸ټһ
ѩ᲻أ
ɩһ˸ŻЩ䡣
һ¯̿¯ӣ˿̫̿ǿղ𣬲Լһղ̵С¯ˮ⵹㣬ͷһϽõС¯
óʳʱ÷˵ҪһС¯
æ÷ʲôҪҰҼҵ㣬ʱʮǮҪҪͭǶʮģͭЩʱһġ
ǰΪǶҡɩǴˣŻռط˵á
С𻨵ϻز˵¯ʮġ
⡭ⲻùһʱ
ⲻΪ˵˶ʮģ۶ԭۡ
÷һ£ãǾͲóȥˣʿҪ飬ǰŸ¯ҲůЩɩҲܶš
ӴŲɩкɡ
С𻨵͵ǲŻأҲᣬֻæûʱ䡣
Ӽպÿɩ÷Ҳ廨Ůǽ֮ϣʱֻʵĸо˰죬ǵŮ컹ģɩĶǵĺÿ
÷ԭͳŵڣֻǵ游ⱲȾ˶ˡסֵܶǶˡ
žԶļ䣬÷˼ҡΡ
÷㲻˼صңǽҪȥּҰǵûôѩЩ·Ƕأ治ǹⲻòɩȥˡ
ӱǰҰ緹ϣͷʣˣɹʣµķˡ
÷Цȣ֪ˣһǰϻ
ðճʳɩ÷ʰꡣ
ɩһȥˣӱǽĹѻûɣæǵģǵҪҴȥ
СָӣСǣǵϴ롣
֪ˣϴ룬ֲǲᡣ
ӱȥľӣ࿴ԲҪľһ˼ҵС¯Ȼһ¡
ľ񿴹Ӳ˺þá
ӱڵĶֲ鷳ڰգ
ﲻ᷵ڰա
һ˶ÿ
ʮ軣ʮ軡ӣͳǮ
һֻʮģԲʮһš
ãֻ軣һӡ
ͳǮͷȡһöԪݸңǵɵؿֿԼԲס
ӱװȥߵӣ裬ȥ˵ϣͷֲȥһѵʳ
Ųˣص¹ŶӴ㼸ʱģ
̫̫Ÿ͸վڲԶüۺЦ
̫̫ǰġ
ôһ
ѵûɩٺõģɩ³ֲ˼
-

219 ̽

ӱЦӯӯ˵š
̫̫¹ڼҡ
ڵģҴŶϱתתû¹˵˵ء
̫̫æţȻȥˡ
ӱųصδӡ
ߺһɩĸŮӽþͳæ
³˳ǮţŰϳӡʮ軣ôͱһӡʮֻˣҳû¶
ʵ벻ףһ밫ȥĶˣѵעʱ͸ˣɳ·̫̫˵˼仰Ҳû˭
ӱʹڳǰǼͣﳯĵϳϵȫ˽ǡƤ㡢ȻȫУĵûУʲô͡ûС
С𻨺棬һѣ֣ܵӱԤĵϹ޾ǰûƷȫǹӾƲۡ
볢һǰûġ
̣Ǻʲô
͡桢˽ǡƤһһ
ȫǵϣ
ԡ
ôࣿ
еڲģЩǴҩġ
÷ǽʱֻģּҵͻͬģıɩֶϱ
÷Щ˼һ˵ɩĶҹسˣһҪ˵ǿʵӱϱƣϱﻳǲǲӡ
ӱ̽˸ͷɩС¯ϣ˿̿
ϣ
ɩպ¯ӣӱݵĴƿԲںС¯ϣΪӦС¯ĸ߶ȣӲ˰ȶһء
ӽôС𻨽ӱָӰװĲ˶˳ȥɩɸ˺ЩװϵСӳȥÿСӻд֣÷ʿдȥ
÷ıɩǳྩϲĻ
ӱúòɣһЩա
ΧԲϣӱʼγã²ˣȣԼ͵մϣ˿ôŪѧر
⡢ţ⡢⡢Ƭܲײˡ
һ߳ţһ˵лڣһһ䣬Ǻ
Ĳ˶࣬˶˲١
ðʳӽʰȥϴ
ɩ䣬ˮˮͰϳİջȥι
Ӵ֪ˣֲģ᲻֪
֪÷ɩ⣬µȴ
кŮôҪǲ˵ŮͲϱԺõģ˵кʹĹϡ
ӱкЩû⣬ȥ䣡
Ȼһͨ
ӱ𣬽̫̫˵Ҫ¡
ԥţͷʹѩϵ졣
̫̫ˬ¹ɩҹ߶ˡ
ʱһŮСͯԺţһ˫ںڵ۾תš
СǴðԹѡ
ӱС𻨣ˡ
һԴɩڣʱˣأ
ӵ˵䣬ȥ¥ˣڽ¥ģڼҴš
Ҳȥֻöࡣ
ӱ˶ĶȥˣģڼҰСˡ
Сһ⻰СС֣ãЩ첻ˣڼҴã
صáû˿ţĸﶼģáܵܶˡĸ˵¹ӡǰá궼ںҩ
÷ɩȥ˵ա
ɩȥ֪ӱ˵ġ
÷˱ɩߣ˵еǣţûӡ
᷿ɩͲˣô˵˵û¹ƶϱĵɶϱѾͷƨɴӲŸȢģͷҪˡ
÷ɩûƳ¹ﲻ˵
Ϊ˵
Щҽߵ˼˭˵ö˵ǲµ˼ԷʱأˣǼҽöƳˣ⳶⡣
ǼҽòǸɩͣôסһˡ
÷㽫ϸϸ˵ˡ
ɩھ¥ɹĸŮˣеġ
̫̫һӱ˵
һ裬յ˽̫̫ϱ
¹ƣ⼸ŮǲǽٸҶϱûҽסһ£ؼҺǧƵŮٸÿնС
ӱ۴죬һƤȴһ£⺢ò׳ͷСţ
쿩Цţֻú档
챻̫̫ƹӣҪѺ͸ӱ
-

220 2

ӱһЩȣЩ纮ҹǿԣһȾֹסգ
¹˵׼ǰ궼ںҩ˶ˡ
ⲡҩͺãҽĶʥָơ
̫̫Ц¹ӣ⺢ǰ궬ܶ˲һͷ
СһβһڵĲųˣһ굽ϲĲ̫á
˵ŵҲʡ
ӱֻ룬˵·ӣ治ҽҽ١
̫̫Щţأͻǫ顣
治ǫ飬˵ʵ
̫̫ŰɣصŮֻ˳ģɩ˵¹Ůڼִˣ˵Ůˣ˻Ůġ
̫̫¹ӣһŮҲ
죬ͶһҲ붬ͿԣϳҩһҩͿޣǵùȥɡ
ӱŮʶɨһ飬̥֢֮ȥҽƣȥ鷳ίʵҩѩǣѩƤпһʱЩҪѩģÿѡ
Уѩǿɲܳ⣬ַ壬Ҫۡ
̫̫εؼסⷽӣҲã
ܹãֻⷽԲҩˡ
кӰҩģһ˵ҩͿ֣ҽȥѩǡ
ָ̫̫һ¶ϱкǺ챦ưգèƵģﻹ˽׳ΪãϱһسţǼһ³ʮ⡣
ӱ˿ӣǿˣݾ΢΢һ䣬⺢ǲ˯˯ųͻȻ
̫̫ˣ
˾ţСܾſɲСеΪܾȣ򳤲ߣ˳ˡ
̵ѽҿһֱԱߵģ˾š
̫̫ÿιʱͱˣģһֶŮ޸ɣӵʱ򣬼˶Ƽױüȥ㲻ţ
浱ǱǺõģЩǱÿϵǽɣżҴɩһνɳɲ٣Ȣ˼ҵǧ
ǰû̵£ÿƲȢֶŮǶļҵˣֿˡյҼüȥҸǳѾͷ޳Сδⲻģһĵޣ۵òš
󷿹ôʲô˼Ƥӵ£챦˾ţʹթ˭ҵģҵģѱŲûꡣ
ΪҶϱû˶ӣͻļƽޣֶһļҵˣȥɣ
̫̫Խ˵ԽɤҲ࣬ǵ᷿÷ɩͣ˵ֻ̫̫ŭ
̺ᣬ¹ҼұⲡΣ
ҶʥָƣٲܾţܾűС֢鷳ˣСӱĿɲ١
ŵСɷףһżĹ
ĺݣ˵ɹ̸ҹĸɺôôĺء
ޣޣͻޣҲҽģôûҵļӣ˼Ҿר۸ҵô˵Ѱﲻţƫţ˵ð֣ˮ㣬ӰӴȥ͸ˣ
̫̫ǻǻ˵ģοǾͲģΪıǹֶļҵʲôﲻԸԼļҵˣǴ󷿵ĶӻǴһ⡣Ҳ룬Щгк˭ģ뵱꣬ˣʹ˵лټҵ
ӱﺹεεģҷйˡ
Ϊ˲˵ȥѺٽ⿪ĸơ
̫̫ԭֻʹ죬ӱ˵ˣֽĽ١
ӱٳ˰ϸС룬챦˼룬챦ԭŵôת۾ûͻתˡ
̫̫¹챦۾첻תˣһȥʱԡ
ھϲ
ӱ˵һ飬⺢ܾţҪôɵӣҪôûһܾţͲˣ⼸ȥʱˡ
һۣڶʹġ
̫̫ѡ
챦۾תˣͻȻءۡһһ˿ǳƵ̡̫̫֭һӾ͸֭ӱȴţǺô˼
̫̫ʣˣͷĪǻʲôɣ
ӱȥҽ𣬿ҽ˵
-

221 ж

ҵľﰡ͸ǰɣ⵽զ£Ϊ֭ǻƵġ
ӱյңҲ˵ģȥҽǸ𰸡һ£ǣҺլ˽Ҳö˵ҽ٣ִҲ֤
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ҽǣ˵ãҽƣǵĻڣŶǹõġ
̫̫ʱˡ
ҪôϢˣҪôִ󣬵ҪִֻӱĻŷˣҽǵĻ㵽ţүš
ͷһ˵ʣҽڼ𣿡
Ҫֻ졢ֱ̫̫㣬Ӹèһӱ棬ͷʣҽڼ𣿡
СԺѩڼң
̸챦١
̫̫ŮԼĵĻС㣬ûһʲô£ǳĻǺģǳԴĿɶĸģѼ
̫̫˵ֱЩͣȴԵúס
뿴һŴˣӲǴŵĶǹ塢նԵĴ󶹸̣ҲȷЩ£Ӳˬ˲ͳԿҲûнյĳɾ͡
⣬һһ̱ĸԺţһϮӵŮͷϴųӡ黨⴩Ƚ̻Ҫ֡
̫̫Ӵһ˵ĸôѰˣû㳤ϱӣŮ
ĸ˽ǣҲǣҲǼ֪ҽˣǰЩӣۣܺҲʱʱ޵ģ뵱£ҹ۵ͷ󺹡Сɷףĸž²Ծ
ŮȥҽΪθϵëҽһȥǧưɡ
ǧƱǸƣĸ¿һ£ΪǲִŮȥƣƿƴ˸ƿƴ˰ΣݹŹֵúܣֻ˵һ䣺֣ĩ˾䣬˼ˣδ򣿡
ĸ˵˾䡰ûأףⲻһʱûʵġ
¬ƿƾٲ˵ˣֻ˾䣺Źֵúܣա
ĸ⻰ŵ࣬Ӷ䡰ŹֵúܡǰŮ֮󣬲¾۹ˣ۵ʱ͵ҽҽǶ޲ߡ
뵽ĸ¬ƿ˵˰պûӣ¬ƿƵⲡβˡ
ƿƴˣ㶼ûβˣ˭Σ
˵һˣȥԣУֻȥ·ҽλҽƢŹأ˵ϺүĲκþʮҩϲҩģһҩ͵ʮ
ҪŮСֵʮӣⲻҪˡ
ʵƿƴˣҽ˭ܾң
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ĸ֧֧ᣬҪ֪̫̫ϱڣǴҲ
˸ƺҿ̫̫ӱ⵽ƺҲ¿챦
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챦жܾйأ
̫̫˼ʮģһõɫԣãҼҺ챦ܾţǲɵģ£ʱʱҼҺԺܡ
΢ס
ĸŮ󣬡ɱѧҧˣܵţҼɶ£һңݣܼţ⻹ܳˣ
̫̫û֪Լ˵
ӱ˿΢۾ʶŮ˿ʼɨ裬ɨãһɨһûˣ⻳ԭʲô£ȴǹУΧѾʼѪɲǺͷ
ȳˣˣҼңʲôԹ뿪գ
̫̫һ¡
ĸعЦһ£¹ãҼƣֶӣ۵ˣ˽ָӷڶϲźЩ
ӱص£͵ܵͷ
ǰ̫̫С̶֣ɷƺΣûУȾ֤ݡ
ÿԼҲ֪УԲȥ챦
챦Ҳ´ӤԼĺǱ˼ҵĺӾ͸ñ
ŮˣӱûаøС
ĸ¹㡭⻰ʲô˼ǲĶΪҹŮ
ӱŮȥҽƲҰػ˵ǰͷǱŻǣŮĲΣһա
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222 ˣ2

ĸһ⻰һ䣬ָӱĳѾͷҼʱˣ㾹ŮһգŮҪһգ㡭Ҳһա
Ķţ׺ģǰŪ˶ǷǣŹյŮ
ʲôҽ￴һƭӣ
㶮ʲôҽһƭӣ
СС˶񶾣޲ȥûҪһӵţĶһûۡ
ĸһ컰ǵ᷿÷㡢Ͻö˷š
ӱ⾫ңξŮԼʲô
ĸͷôԴҲ֪ʱ¹Ҫҡ
Ժ⣬ΪĸĻ컰Χۡ
δӵŮСҽֶпޣ˵Ϊ˺ĵֺõ֮࣬öˣЩøС
ӱ˵ңʵʵ˵ǲˣȻҰѻ˵סһ£ǲǾۣ۵㶼ܲס
Ժͷм˽뼷˽
ĸ΢䣬һ֪¹˵ˣۣҲŮ㲻ҽߣ㡭
˭˵ҽߣֻͨЩǧҽֵǴ壬ڸŮҲʱͱҽˡ
㲻ҽߣͿԺ˵˵Ůһ졣񶾳Ѿͷ˵ֵ˾֪ȫǵİն֪һĴƭ!
зȻ
Ӵӣ࣬ǶҺ㣬ŮȥҽβѰҽǶҳܣǺ֣һ󣬱ŮҪ
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ӱûȻǴ촽ϼƶˣ˵˻ƼĸŮȥҽ𣿡
⼤صͷ
ĸûȥ£֪ˡ
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ӱ΢һͷԭҪҲԣβȴÿĸȻŮҾͲĲ˵ˡŮˣ
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ĸǳԾʱӵ֣ýȢҼùŵƽޡ
Լ˵ɼ뽪ɵ£̫̫֪ҵ˶֪
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Χİǡ
̫̫Ȼ˼ҽĸǺ
ӱ˵ŮǽѣΪ˻У̥ڹʮ»̥̥󣬾Ӳ˳ŮУ̥ڹǹ⣬ڹ̥ԼΣ
ָڸɷףкðҲ˵ĺӸ޷Ϊǹ⣬޷Ӳûгڡ
ǹУһֲ֢ڹ⻳еˣ̥ѹѪͻʹѣ˵ĸѪλ᲻ʹ
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ôһͽ͵壬Ϊʲô󷿵Ҫ
ûӣһ¶ӣͳ˽ɵĳӡ
Ϊƽޣɲǵճӡ
ճм̼ҵɶռͷġ
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234 233-1 (2)

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236 (2)

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237 ɴ

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238 (2)

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240 ⳥(2)

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·ģҩֵġϷҪǾôһƬҶӡһ仨Ž׷ɱϷ
ҩ׷ɱҡ
һƬҶɱˣǿǰ˼ݣѷ嶥֥ˡ
ˣˣ¹д鷳ˡ
ҩ𲻻׷ɱϷ֪д鷳ϻؽӴ壬һ黨ʥݣһŭ֮ʹˮ˺ϷįôãֿƣȥϢ
Цﳤȥһң˱ڿնɣ˫΢ֱֱ̧˷嶥
ͷ˶뿴֡
һƬ֮ʱֻһŭ𣬾еضɽҡ֮ƣһűʯͷڵĻٿ̤ͷıʯҫҹĹ⻪һöӵСҹ顣
˭ϷʥݣϷ³Ϸ˼꣬Լûãˣ
һɤӺãŵ˶˲ӡ
ҩ˹ңף˭Եģ³
һ˫˫ӻڻ
ҩһСޣȥץ˺ӾߣߵͷСӵҡΣ³ҳϷʥݣϷģ³³
ӡļƣŵ޴ޡ
һβԣңˣεҩģǡҩֵģ֪ˣץӵҡ³
ҵˣҪȻ鷳ˡ
һͷ˷裬Ž׷ɱɵס
ӱ΢üͷղðһֳһҩﵽ׻жˣ
һĮȻҾ˵Щ˲˺ҩģµȰˣͱ˸¨ӡ
ˡɣôôСɽôҩݣŲɼꡭ
ӱ֣Ƭҩ԰úܺã˰רŴ
ԳӹŹ԰ҩ԰˵ġ
ŵòᣬӵĿңڵ󣺡ɣɣ㡭Źǰɣɲǡ񸾸Եġ
󣬴һŮӵҩҩҰǵģ֥ҲŵģҪҪ󡭡ˣҩ㡣
ң֪Щҩ˶ꣿǰҰħΪʦʱ·ҩݣÿһݣÿһƬҶӾ͸ұһ㡭㾹ȻˡҵĲݣ㻹֥ôµ֣֥꣬öɰ
дЪ˹ĴɵץСӡ
ӱֲݾΪ
вϵѾͷҰҵҩôõҩ˳˶ܻȻãϷҪ³
ӱͷȤԳЦְӸ
ҩЦò֪ν
ӱֽŵء
Сһŵأͱﻤڻ
㡭Ϊ˼ҩڷôĻһѪΣв
ѪΣģ֮ܰ³Ϸ˼ʮʱĥֲѪΣûеڶ˻ᡣ
ӱӻһ̽ʱͳ껹ѪΡ
ҩӹԽ棬ģȻԼУΪʲôϷģ
Ǿñ˵Ѫۡ
֥ô㣿
㡣
㡭ҩɼ䣬ӱݣʱ˸С̳ӣͷһָĻ㣬ζ֮䣬ƶǻ㣬Ȼֱģģ
ӱ˵ǲǹ֥ˣ
ˣˣ
ҩӹֺǺǵﳤȥдСӱҷ嶥ҩǣʱöһͺãľã
ͷе˶һƬ
ӱһؿɿˡ
¼ҩڣ˺ö뿪㻹ǣΪ˾ˣذѱȥˡǸһƾ㣬ħİɣȥصģħҲûˡ
ҵģ
ʵʩ󣬾ͷԼĿռ䳤һͷһСӣͷģ͸ı㡢㣬Ϻͻܣŷſ
ôôܼңħıҩ˵Ʈˡ
ҩ𱾾Ʈȥġ
Цӣغ޼֮㣬˵Ƕǧ򲻵
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241 

úۣû˰пӣ
ùɢֱӿ­˵
һͷ¥ǲҵһǮԼ򼦡㡢ӣظǰȥˡ㡭ĵӰЩѰ
ȡ˱ʣּѪΡһȥ
һģƱ͵ӹǼҹ뿪Щꡣ
ⲹ๫ԴֵѪΣ˵ȥҩҩ֥
ȻˣҪ˶Ⱳֻ⡣
һݵѪΡҩ֥Ԫһꡣ
ˢˢٲȥǿʱ򻹵øԡ
ӱ˼˵һǴղ벻ˣǡǣǲǿøࡣ
񵶵ʱ԰ӣɻϢ¥Ķ·ūͣԪ¥滹ҪҪ
Ԫ¥⻰·嵱ūͣʲôеūͶȥء
ӱ£ͽ̸ˡҽˣһһ
̾Ͳϣ»ǽ¡һתͷС㷢ʲô׼ҩӣ˱ɲôԴú
¥Ҵң·ϹֳԷΪ̫ߣʵ򲻹
²ؿС޶ˣ㶼ˣããǵĲҲˣһ뿪ɡ
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Ƭ̣лҸѾִسǣҸ׸ǡ
ǸǲҪ
ĸŪݣѧʿҽ˻͸·塣
ѧʿ㱦ǿδء
ӵܵܡ
Ѱҵһ˵ˡ
ӱŶʯ̨ϡ
ڰҩ
ӱ׼þߡҩġ
һȻԼġ
ʯҳ
ʵ㣬Ǹ˻ҩ
ˣˣѾ˶Ѿˡ
ѰЩѰ
ԺΪռ˱ˣ鷳·ʵԤĸ
͵ۡ
ӱٴоɨӵԲ긺ˣԲѪʳҩȴ޷ѪжѪļ
ԱĥŵӣصΪնǴ׬ȴ˲ֹʮļ۶ӣҿͷϡ
ӿֲܶǼ˽ӡͣ͡õʲôӣԽԽ̲ƽ
ҪûУҪһҪӰԼ㵱
һգŭӣֲҪĻ˵óʲô
Ÿ͵ùܳԹܺȹܴö໨
Ϲ⣬Ǹˡ
ǵǰٷ磬棬汸ǿǸӣڱԽԽƤ˵ӲĶңǹסĵطôײ
ڣ˵ôҪĻռıˡ
ºǺһЦ´Ǿ˵̫ˣǱ̫ãܻ鱦
ͷʲôѲɣϺͶһ˱ɹ˵Ϻү˱û죬ˣûˡ
ӱ׼Ĺˣˣ͸ͷͷŪˣͷҪͷë棬ӵͷëӡ
ֱЦŸͣͷ£У
ֶһͷŪˣͷ˳ö鷳
ģ꣬ӣ
±ǧֿܣѰ˿­֣Լһֵˡ
½⿪ķ٣ͷɢѰ˸ľᣬùӣҿɲáС´γȥһѺõģӡ
˵ˣӾƨɵֽ˹õģҲŲá
˵úǶģ˭ñ˲ƨɵֽٲ񲻶ģ
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ڷ嶥ŷ֣ҩ˼󣬾ƽˡ
ƣͼҩŸֺ̳Ǻǵ߽ʯԶȪ̶һ״Ķ˽ȥ
ѽû뵽СӱǶлı
㣬ʲô
߽Ȫ̶ȪˮƶĻ粻ǻ磬һ״ֻǿſţȪˮۿɼٶȿټ١
ûб㣬ֻл㣬Ȫˮñոɡ
ˣװ̳ﶼˮ٣
ִ̳ˮǱȪлȪǺǣСӱǶ
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242 ­(2)

Ļû˵꣬ҩͲӰˣȪڳε㣬׽̳УȥȪǱ˲ɡ
ҩ˷壬ڶǰһֱ˶ţǽƼľþûز񣬷˹
Ƽ˰ɣˣ
ͷڿһӣѾ˯˵˼仰Ϊ·ĵӣҪضţ˽ӽ
¥ҲûӲ
صĸ
ӱ˿Ŭشӵͷ­ҩԱߣСӱǲǻб㣬ֻ㲻УɽȪոˣҪѱҲҡ
ʲôʱˣڸʣ
ӱգֻûƼæµţͷûͷѹô󣬺ô󡭡ֹš
ҩµˣһֱ̧Ȼһ£￪һ㣬Ŷԣ
ʱҩ𿴵ӵ裬ţӱ򿴵Ա߻ѹһȸСѪһӾ񾭵ƹѪѹӾʧԭлữȥѪȴѪܻ֮ȥѪѪ²֢
ҩʵһƬӾ񾭣ƹӾһƬģ
ӱ֪޲ԣϸϸԲ񾭵Ĺ죬ԷֵŸȡ
һýζ
һʱҩֲŭֵ֣̳ˮЩҲ˵Եˮˣһɾˮͻټ٣Ҫŷ˺Ҳսٺˮġ
ɽ壬䵽ǰĸʱ֣֮ʱ
ӱӺһƬѪѴڼȻ֮С
ҩԱߣӱԴΪʲôҪһ᣿
Ϊʲôأ
ǰӱûʹʦƺеҽ󣬲ȡĶַַ
Ϊ˷ϣҲΪ˷ߣǴϣҪʱ˵öʹ࣬һҪǣ˿ڡ
ҩԭǸҽգۿӱ˵ͷ­ͷѪȡܽԲ콲ͷͷǵԼı⡣
ҩ㲻ֻȤҲ֡
ʦܣˣҽˣҽм츳
Աߣӱ˿ڣϸϸذӵԴһľ
һۣſˡ
ӱϵӽˣ죬ÿιһһΡ
ʵѪΡ
յɽδգ
ӱ̾ҵһο­ɹҺܹؼҪˣԺͲҿӣѪΣһƬҪȥҩҩ֥ⶫҩЧá
ҩı㻻ҵҩ֥һֻҩ֥㡣
ӱģ
ģ
ӱԼֻ̳ӣҰѱȡһѽӹ̳ӣ̳ӣ̳ӿɲࡣ
ֵ̳Ǯֵ٣㲻ںȻںһ̳ӣѲ̳ӻʲô
ӱݣӿռץ˱ϣʱ̳£ֻ¾ͳһһ㻥ŶԷһҪսӡ
ҩӹ̳ʱϲ㡣
㣬̳Ӹҡ
ҩһɣⲻǸѰ̳ӣֵҪǡ
λЯ˶ңƮȻȥ
ӱЪ¡
뺮ֵӣʱӱ
ڷ嶥о̳ӣ̳ӣǸ㻹ҪıɿһϣʲôҲûƳ
ҩȪ߹۲һ㣬Ȥǣֻսþÿ㱻գһδεشܣÿλ㶼ܡ
ʱ֣˸䲻ڴһʤսû˾飬ʼϵսǲı㣬һδαȲսʤ롣
оһ̳ӣûо
ӱֿռչֵȪ̶֮ӯʢһ£ЧԳƻãһʱеƣһɨա
Ȫ̶βɫ䣬ôãǲǿѪ֥
һȡ˰뿪ռ䡣
ʯǰһµĶȻ˯죬۵˻δãͷѹ˫˯ˡ
ӱһ£Сȥ˯
Щţץסӵ󣬻ҸιˮҲιˮ˵һʱιһѣҶι˵ġ
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ŶһԺؽķ䣬Ȼͷ˯
ӱ֮ȪˮιӣһιʱͱȳƣƲǸնˡ
ղãʡ²Ѫκҩġ
ҵſˡ
ּ˾һϡ
һ۽꿡ΪøţվżеòѾͷ
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243 Ȭ

һı顣
ܼô
ӿ­βʱЪ¡
ﲻɵЩϧ
󣬴һŮˣ
ӱӯ¶мص˴ζлҵܵܵǲ
ּ̼ŮЯһСͯڼ첽ƽ˳ǵǵĵ
Сͯͷ뿴̼֡
ӳþһ㣬ɷϲˣü۸һģһΨһĲһкǣһûС
ףء
ָ̼мصлҼһСĲǱһݱ񣬻£ıġ
ӱˣ
ˬ¼ֻС
ӱӻָòѾȬ
ǻûȫ𣿡
ƿĻָСӣУǣǰ̫ࡢ̫ãļЩΣΪ˲鿴ǵļǷδýоǲϣձǳ߰ɣ
ڰΣӸͲǶ˵ǲ̥ڷֿˣһǿһȴٸ۲졣
ǣǻ
ӱֵҾͽйǿơڿƷʥ֣Ҳһ
ҲԸ⣬ʡ˵̫Զˣ·һؾ͵ð꣬ǧΪ˸ȷʵЩ͡
̼Цҽɵײҽ󣬶Сǰ
ˣŵùĹǿơҽƿҲһǲģ˵дŸ֪ҡ
һ񣬡л
̼Щ⣬ЩŮһֱչ˵úܾģˣǧ·
һ˫ܵܵܡܣĸͷΪǵĲҲȥˡ
ӱֹסˣˣúþТĸˡĸΪǵĲ㼣б£ĸ֮˶ݣǵĸ׻ؼԲա
ˣ
һмʮˣЦ
ǰ˷׷ӿ˹
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ǡ
񵶴һ˵ߵߵؽȥ˴ȵŶӾ˭ϳ·壬ҽֲǲг
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ǡ
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˻ּ쿴Ķ䣬ĲΣ̫һʱܽơ
̫̫˿Ѿò˵촽ͣ䶯Щ꣬һưͶӣûٱЦԼ겻ǿ̫˼Ҳøеĺӱ
ӱҲԣͲҪҩˣͿЩѰĵ֮ڻ顭
µһͷӱ˵֢״дҩд֮󣬵ݸӱӱһ£޸ζҩĵҩȥץҩ·ҩ̫ȥسץҩͿɡպҩ
˽ӹӣǲҪǮ
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ǣǣллллӣлл
ӱΪҪ뿪븾˵ҳʱһЩǮĸӶ˺һСˣܲܡȰʸˣһǮϣĸҹﶼ˯޾¶Ǯ
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244 (2)

ӱԺµǮ˰ɡ
ʱƣٲҪҩģɲٰѱȥǿħġħأҪ֪ıҩ𣬿϶ġ
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ǲ죬УͷǺӵĽԪ뻹һԼƯΣͷ̽һۣ̾
˵ǸģǶ飬ǼֵǮľ֪ȫ֧СҩѣĪҪ
ôǮðͣɳ˶ýȥϵȺҩġ
ӱƶûһۣȴͣش󺰣鰡飡һοֱִĺô
ƽôҲһٽˣô϶𰡡
׬ˣִһƽʮذľǶ飬µýǧҡ
ҪǰסޡҩǮ㡣
ǣлģǼָѣͷûǮܽЩ
Ѵ˵ҼȴӦβͲ᲻ܡ
ǰЩ˵ֲͦ˵ġ
ºһλ
һӣһӱЦӱһۣĲǳСѰҽҽͿκãȥɣ
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Ҳһ¹ӣ˵͸򸮵ճĪʣʮꡣǹʲôãӺãҲùϰ䣬ɾĳ̽ţ·Ҫ
ӱߵһߣȣ
Ī·ȷʵһһͣӣӱͨɨ裬ȳȶ̣ʵһ˫һģֻȵĹģ̥ģǳɣǳڼѹŻȣȴ֣Ʋ
Σȹ϶ƣƫﲻӣҸҽץҩҽ˵ˣѰơ
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ȥҪӹҽƻô죿
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죿ܲܶ࿪ģҡҿɲڣ´ǶƵģ뿪Ȭǰͷ˲ȥȬʲôвޣתЦӣ࿪ģҴżܵã
ֱֹƬ̣ǰҩᣬдһţ֮дһš
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Ҫ·ԣ˵·ԵúãõĶҲãƾʲôҪһõضⲻǶͷ
ӣҪһƲɲɣҼסȥ˷̣͵·ĳҩģҩĸþǣҵ˵ӾͿˣǲںǮĪ¶ԷˣʱЦЦЩֺãͷԣ·ԣٺ٣˵˲·¡
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һѮĸ˽ŸЦһµҽֶһģƽ꣬˵´ʲ壬ûٱЦ
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245 β

ӱҩ䣬ͷȡһƬԣſͷ
ͷ˺óһأҪͷ´
£ȡһѾ
ӱ˾ƣԣһھ졣
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ŤͷţѽͲѪˣҽ
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뺢Ӿδ
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˻δǱͷ˼
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ӱţ⸾˿϶ǰûȥƹҽҲˣӻȥգĲԭС
⻹ҽоûƳֱ˵̥Ĳˣһ֣ˡһתߵµı¨ǰͷ׽ֻĸҽ˵Ҳ򼦳ԣԼģһҪ£һҪա
Ҳδܾ
ܾ˷ⲻȥ
ΧԽ棬оһҲеľǸĹŹƿӳҩЧ֮ҽһʥĹ⻷
һ磬ӱеĲ˸ѰģҪŶ˵Լ˴󲡣һߵģšͷˡ
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ʱһʯ̨ϣ֫ԼֽԴЩʹϸǽӲһϵĲ
񿴼ݶˣͷʯͷҪתͷһҶʲôѽżֲͷһŮϴһƤأ⣬ǿˡ˵δǰ㣬̨˯ҹ찡
Һͺչ죬ﻹιҩɳһôѪΣǰѪˡ
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264 ·(2)

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268 (2)

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ݵͬⰡ˵ԸͽｻңŮúܡ
Ҫ˵ͽ
ЦҶ˸ǣ˵ĸѦ˲վҪִָһ·ҽྩǱߵˮ˺ܸߡĸ׾Ԫ·һڵˣҪݡ
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269 

ӱưķۣʼв˿Сˣֱһס
һ󲧵ķʳ۾ͺˣɫζȫ
ζ˴Σ˶ɵĭܿ¹³ѵһ
ǰ̾ͬˣ˼Ҵ塢ҽɰˣɼŮӣһ֮ǺõģǽãվվȽŸˡö˶ǮǸԼױ
ӿС룬ֻ͵᷿
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סҴݣһסָָ̧ݣҴķװ޺ãͷĴȫµģҲµġ룬ҵķǲҲʽװޣɫ϶ɫ
ӱԴľ治ǰ裬ԽԽ磬Ƶóľеָֺһָһ¼ҾʽʲôģЩҾߵţһǵǿ֣Ҳġ
ӦҲװޣװһ£ʵöȿ϶ܴ󸱶һˣͬʱһ㶼Ӱ졣æ˼죬Ȼô¸ˣͷ»ͼֽȫԲø¥֣óס¥ϡ
Ժ߶š
ʱɡʱ֣СһԺžóԵˣţ㣡
СèڲԵĶ٣ԼҵĹѿˣǺ«ǹԣԽԽ¡ͣĳԣʱ򳤸ӿôã
ë˵һҲ֡
˵֣㻹ú졣һһСҵĽţء
ݣһټĻƿˣ
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ɩȥæ
ӱָǽڼڷŵͬĵطл裬лƿӱ˶ݣʱͱһԼòĻƿ֦֦ȣݵһҲ֦
صԼģ
ԣ򲻵Լˣǲͦ񣿡
Ҷ񣬻Ҳ񡣡
һŪûֻصݣȴ͵Ӱӡ
ڴݵķ䣬ͷװޣһҾߣһС񣬴͸֮ģ滨мٻһССһΣӵʽرͷδε棬ģһͷһƿջˮԺǻڷŵģϻδʽİСһ¡
ٴĵطһ鰸ϰűʼܡֽ̣һޥޥԱһܣһ
ݶɴյĺݡССݵĸϣͷóɹͷóܣɷɷзƿڼĵطǽϣһܣͷڷ˼顣
СãҲãνһá
йʵĴС齣ǰһ̤һ磬ͷԡͰͰǰһŰϰһƿҲǸ³³һڴӣԱһʽµ¾̨ͭģǶ̨ϵģ¾̨ǰһ֣ƾƣ̨ǰһ軣¾̨·ҸһСӣͷ롣
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ȡ˵ɴ֣˹ĵɴ
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270 (2)

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ӱ³ûԹʳ۵Ķһ롣
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Ǽҽӱ˳Եϡͷ뼸Сˡ
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271 

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Ҳÿ˼ԸԸ裬ˣ
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ݺݵ˵ţӱлģпסݵĵһ»Ҫȥ
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272 (2)

Сˬصˣˣǰͷ⡢ѼһٸǼһ±ϣζֳˡ
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ַһףֻðȡˣֻͬÿһ±ϸǡ
Ϊ˲ǿʲôСﻹ⽫ĥ˷ۡ
Сһ˵ֻһ·ųߣһˣС˻Сһ־ӣҲ˼ƳС
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273 

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ûգл»ӾˣûлˣȢׯ˼һŵŮʶ֣Ҳ֪ľġ
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274 Ѽ(2)

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ϻĽ±Ѽóԣ˵лӿط
ǻģл֦ͬлĹ԰лܼһ档
лܼҵǶǵﻹлһȥµѵûблܼҸӸ׵ѡ
СܼȴͷȢص񡣡
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ѹлܼһлĹ԰ռһϯ֮أԵʡ
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ԣܻɹġ
һֱ벻ɴܽ֬ķӣ⼸˺üػǲУڷ飬֬ɵܣƳ룬ͿԸע䡣
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˿ռ䣬ʼ֬һԤƵҩˮˡ
۾ʱǰﲻ˵ҪЪô֬ˣ

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ӱֱһ̳֬ɲ״ȻȴֱȲᱡԡ
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ǰţֽΪϢ¥һ̽嶥ĺ¾ˣħҵڶѽԼ׸ħħͣѡ»һתûջ͡
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һûӦٴһ飬ֻ֮嶥һưʲôԪϺˣԪƱҽƽѪԪϼҽԪգƾ㣬ҲԪϺˣϷҽϵ֧ҽ峤֮һħ״ӣ
ʱһǿķϮԪûӦͱУ䵽ʯ֮ʮɹ֮С
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Ļͼҩ԰ʯ֮Ԧɳһˣ˸ǰϣƮƮҳ֣˻֪࣡СҲҴ·ȡݣȡ
λǻ˼ˣɿǵݡ񼸰꣬ʮеӣһԪĽѡ
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ܾҩһûټ˱ɽ£ڶǰ
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275 ߹

Ҿ֣ݼҩ𣡡
Сӱأ
˵꣬ҩѲ붴ңӱǶˮˮĶʢľģϣֻƬ̣óһһĶ
ҩ߽ʲô
֬ƳĶ֬֬ǲ֬ƬҲԡ
ҩĶӹӲģǽɱˣ
̳ɵģҩⶫǶݶڵĹǺö֬۾֬ǧۡ
˵Ķʲôһ
ҩһ죬͵㣬кþãǲС㣬ô£
ӱӹ̳ӣƣҪҰ
Ŀռ䣬ƺľ㻹ɣͻȻ˱ľԵ㣬϶ԭͻȥ˵ܸıһĿÿռΪ͡
ҩšһȡһ֬ƬתϢ
뺮ߺҩ𣡡
ӱ̳ӽң˿ռ䣬һռȪ̶ڣһͷͿʼ󣬸Ǳ̶ףһƵþˣӱŷС㡣
㲻ģΪʲôֱˣһ
ССĻһʱʼ³Сսѵս
һ㻺ĳš
ƵרעʱСĻͻС㷢𹥻Ŵ죬һڽСˣ˾ټŭ˱㣬ʼС֣һС㣬Լĺӻס׼ʱӭս
ӱŲʱСװ̳ϸɴСӣСǷֿװȥַŻȪ̶
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ͷ˴ŭȣ飬˲ɣôĵӣûգ
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СǰװϣŪ飬һ˸ǰ֬ɹˣԲԣ
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ĸ״ҪҩģΪβ
ѦԪǸǿƵŮˣǵۺǰֱ档ӱĵϸ˲֪ȴκ˶Ҫ
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һ֬ƬԼ˭ӽۣŭʱмֺøУɽţЩᷳ
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䣬Ϭʱڿһİֻڿһ
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·޹Ƿ飬ֻǷ顣ס˵ĻǸӡ
Ҿ֣ݼҩ𣡡
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ҩ߽ʲô
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ҩĶӹӲģǽɱˣ
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뺮ߺҩ𣡡
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ƵרעʱСĻͻС㷢𹥻Ŵ죬һڽСˣ˾ټŭ˱㣬ʼС֣һС㣬Լĺӻס׼ʱӭս
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ңҲڳ˵̬ǰ¶һݱ΢С飬ⲻܡҩĲ·⳥ҩıһݣԻỹһݣһȥֻĸߣȫǮ򲻵֮
·޹Ƿ飬ֻǷ顣ס˵ĻǸӡ
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276 ˵(2)

պȵұߣұ곤
㻹ߣѵҪֳ곤ǳˣƤͯԸˣ㵱ӿݣҲ޶ȣַҲ߲Ū֬Ƭطⲻܣ
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277 

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ӱһʱĹ⣬£ҪԪ񣿡
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ڶѹأֻһʯʯУеòɾ룬ɼŲʯףǰһţڿ˽š
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ӱЦǳ͸һɸšŵʣѦ۳Ͷ٣չʱŮ֬ƬǲжϣôãշŴ󹦸ɡ
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278 ζ(2)

񷣬ǼվϿһӯӯ򣬶֮У˿ϾС࣬ͬǿϡ
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291 

⼸£·һ֧˴ɽɽȥ궬ͽͥԺ㹻ʹá
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Ŵִ¡ɽִ½˵״֮ѡΡ
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ҽȻӲ࣬ڵˣҽ
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ԳźٻƣħͰľơ
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292 ع(2)

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Գ壬Գ壬ˣ㳢ҵľơ
䣬ͼʯﱼһɫԳӱá
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ӱ˿ҪԳСԳżƣڹ԰ʯݵ滹һټɽĶѨ۸ӣпɹס˵ģпɹģʯȣΪͬʯ㣬ǴСȵĶѨ
ԴСĶڲ֪Σ޷ͨУȴܴ䣬硣
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ճƵģӾճƵģµļ䣬ĲԾ
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293 

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񵶴ཻĵӷǳǻҰףǼ۷˵ŵӵ۷Ҳ䣬ǴףͷһɴͼеĵӶһ
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ʦ֡ʣ¶ȣҩλʦ֣
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ͥԺרŹʹõĳͷССĹ٣ҲԤȫÿҶвߴ㴲֡
һ磬ɽ½ֵϾһϮŮһϮۣ½Ųλеӣ·һ˵ͻսһƬŵÿջ̵˹Χۡ
λеΪߡ书òֺŮӵ̫࣬ƣѷѽ֮ʱһɫ۵һţӣʥ֮¶ֳɺͳŵʦϷһǣ
ɫڣһһ欵ĸڵϸߺӺӰݼʦʦʮˣϽɺã
ҩɨһ߹ŵӣţ˹գǱŵʦãһϾͶ֡
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294 (2)

ʦʮǰĵ˵ԼļûкøУûøУ뿪󲻵һȢǼΪޣ˶ӡһĹΡ֮
ҩ֮ĶԹ
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Ҫ˵飬ӵΪˣʮڡ
ָһߵȳ⣺ϧᣬˣҹ㲻Ƕ췢ģ˵װף޸ʲô¶ӣ
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ҩŭӡţǶкζԹվñŵľӢ̨һߵͣڴ˿̴֣ͷعţϷѳ˵ǰͷ˭عţͱõʵ
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ҾӦһ
Ѧ˷Ըӣһ˫۾עŴϡ
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295 292-2 

ԭЩɽЩȶû֣һҹ֮䶼Լֺˡ
Զһжʮ˵׵ۣŮ٣׵һŷϵãñ죬һɷֿ֮ڣͼһ۵ӭ˹ͽγݻʦ壬ʦ֮ǰӭʦ塣
÷һˣ΢΢ۣʦɺã
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296 (2)

֪£óʱֱһɫ磬һ֮ţͷǱѩ磬ڱѩԭһıͬнɫСĶԱߵķھ֮ܽС
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ҩδȣ֣֧飬·塢֡ҽȡϼۡŶӡÿ֧ʮӲμӴ˴αɳһǰȡ裡ơ
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298 ֶ(2

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299 

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301 

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302 ģ2

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ΧĶ￪ʼң㡣
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һȥӵжݵһðһԣܵõĻԵ˵ǣԸԸһԣ
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Գ֮󣬿ǣ˵
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˿ֻ̣ӱóֻƿӣܴܶһһƿԪ
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303 

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Ǿ޴ĺϴͻطɳһɫĶҩУҾ˵һֻ׷ʦ֣ˡ
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ԳӱУСӱҲһ˺ˮԱߵĺӼ׷
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304 ѡ2

Ϻү˵Ը˿̸м㣬£ͷʦ㣬Ͳ뽪ʮѧգ֮䷽࣬٣ʵ
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׷ǰͷ𣬼еصСʦһʱ䲻ˡ
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ҩͷȴһ߸ߵĴԳֽˣ˵һ䣬һһֵġ
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Լѡģ˵ҶӣҲøῪ˵Һã˵ֵܴ֡ܶǶҵλãӲǰҸ
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Ů游ȥˣɶֵŮ˵ǲ˵ģɡ赹ãҲûѽ
ϺүһҲܣҵŮǱҪȥʥŮģǲУͻе˼ҵѾͷʹŮٱȣۼûУǰǡ

˵ɣƫ˻˵ħ֢ˡ
ۼΪʵ˰ɣˣȻ٣˼иóͷħӡⲻϽ񽫶ûޣ˼ҪŮܲܲǻˡ
ɼɣҲпɽ˲źá
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Խĵʲô磿
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ħȡһöҩСӱǻԵڳһöָܻһЩԪ
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ʳÿħҲܺÿħһ㶼аûУΪʲôͷħ
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һͽ˿ռ֮УˣռȥĶˣǵӹڲϣûƼ
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ħӱ˯ʱҩǶһҩģŮ˵ҩˣȴѰӱӰ
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ħսȭͷСӱϹӵŨ֮壬˭ҪŮ㴳磬Ҳֹ
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305 

ݺݵҩȰˣôԽȰԽɡ
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ħһ䣬ҩֱӴϱҩһУ䵽һ룬ץסϵһ١
ⷭҲδ̫죬ⲻôˣ
ʦ졢÷ѰСʦáСʦÿ϶δԶڰɭ֣Σ޶
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ӱȪ˯һľ󣬻ƣ۸ޣһ㣬Ϊñ㿿ˣֻ̧̧֣צ
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ħѰһ£塢ϼɳӢѰˣɷԲǧﶼѰ˸飬ûӰ
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ԣĸʱţҴ·ӡѪ̫ǿ̫ҲಡΪҷӡֻءֱȥգ㵽Եʦֽճƽ׻
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ħ񲻶ʱһӣЩʦ÷Ԥģ㻻ϰգϵ£кβΪ
ͥԺڻ԰ͤ壬ؿãҪӣһֻ̽䶨һӣħ̧һۣ·𿴵ǰɶʧɶˣ
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306 2

ףңӱ棬㾭һ壿
ңԳҲĳ͡ǰԳʥƣ׽ٳи֮ӱˣ˵˳
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ӱߵ۾̨ϣŽ·ӿ벻
˴н磬˵ǷҲ벻á
ӱ˫ۣܸܵӶϷݵףҺݵĻˣ˵쵽ˣ쵽ˣҺҶаæµյЦ
۾ŵϹƮ㣬ŵյĻ㡣
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ɶǰŮ᲻ӱܰίһػҲ˵
ףϲֵڡĵ
ħڹ۾̨ʯϣŽµķ羰ͷȴԿͷһĻĻԶһӣһ׵Ķһﻨһŵƽʵ˼ҡ
ǻƵգɽ³׵İղ٣ʦĵӽƶŮǵļױɷȥˡʮ꣬δȡױĹﶼȡױﳤලǮֻױãá
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ӱ˸ԳǶǲˣȥժЩ
ϴڽп࣬˵ǰֻ·壬˶ˣһЩûԣԹĻٳԣûûˣòᣬһЩ磬Լֲ

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һ죬´СĴӽΣΪӣ
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ԪħԪаںҡ
ԳΪΪѹң㺦˶ˣΪ񣿡
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ǲǱˣ
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307 ռ

ħֲ֣ϴСʱǲȥռ䣿
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ӱ㵵Ĳ֪νӻ
ħ̧֣¶ָĽָ常ҵģͷħһСҵϾҲͷҩݣĿռж󣿡
һĶСͷͥԺһҩ
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ȡһҿռ䣬嶥ʥȪ̶һԣ㼫Ǻս춼Ҫһ첻ƺͲʹ졣
ӱӣħıӰصĿռĶģʱҲûƼʲô׹ӡɶСӱǲʱͰضؾƣÿ㶼ҵڣǲǾܷռ׹Ӳںδ
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ٵˣһΪ˿֣еǺ棬֪뽭ɵĲ𣬸еΪ˲Բȳʶ
˴һλӡɽׯҪˣ
ʳĻʵǲλǰ٣ٹ⣬δйҽڵĵλǳнɡ
еԼĵӡ̴׼еܵǰΧۡ
Ϻүոµִ³۷Ҿֵӭλӵ´ݣǰŴ
-

308 أ2

λһʮһԼʮ꣬üֿ֮ƣһƾ֪һģӳ̧ŵӽֱߡ
˿̣ӱˮţ÷Ϊӱִ
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ޣϲ졢ޣƾʦò
÷ʦ崩ɫãɫƮƮ
ִ£ǱӱѾ翪Īضɫһƫ뿪ħʱ򣬸ħһͷǳɫĳ£常޳ʹġ
ӱִԹԵھӸǰָ÷ŮӸԼױ硣
Ӱŭȣʦ㣬˵ɫޣŲҽԤİѸ˺ˡ
ʦã㵱ʦܣһұ·Ҿܽ㱸ĺճһѻ𡣡
㡭㡭
ϼŮӵʦʦˡ
˿ԼԤۣһۡ
ӱһǳɫѣǳۣ̽͡ɴ篣ȴгеĴУȹڴ׷ƣëƵǶв֪ıʯչҫ¹󽥱䣬˿ڣսƵʹۡٸ죬׺ͬķ䣬ǶбʯԵޣɷƯϲҡ޷ΣüĴ侧±¡
Ƶױݣԭ߷òĳ˫ľ֮ɫ
Χ˹شţǼʱģʽɫÿ
ҸԤģ˵ɽ常ҵ
ԴֻͣŴͣ£
ӱ΢΢һЦ
÷ѹҾδƳʣԭ£ȷʵƯҲʦݡ
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ʱ嶥ݴöɡ
ءͷԶͣеӽӳ䣬ӣǰɽ
ӱöңǰٲɽҰģһƲɡ˼͸ɾǻֵ硣л㡢ƮԶСˮ̨ͤ¥ÿһͥԺһһľһȤ԰к裬з̻
Ŵʯףʯ֮˺̺ʯ֮һǧ˹ͬϰĹ㳡㳡ʯ壬ڹ㳡ΧǴСȵĻ̳ÿ̳йľ죬˶ۣ֦ͷѹõʹ
ӽӱ󣬡Сʦ壬˵ʥפʥ࣬ǲİ
ӱ֨
פʥŮӵ̫
ӼСʦ壬פʥ͵һƿƿġ
÷ӣ㵱ʥø԰һһʥŶ٣ҪһƿƿҲ˵óڡ
һãԲм硣ʮ꣬ø̫ƵġСʦ壬˼꣬Ů
ӱִԼգ꣬ÿÿžӣûƳԼꡣ꣬ʮһ͵Լ˶ʮ꣬³ʮǲǻ¾ʿǶʮ
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Բ䣬ֻʮ꣬ڴ˶ʮ֮ãĹδ䣬֮ˣһݽʶʮҲͬʱǰݡ
Ӹںͷ˵źûСʦò绨һδСʦÿ˶Сʦ治ɼѪħʦ顣
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Сʦ٣£ƣ¶ǲǰ
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㲻Ҫפʥࣿ
Сʦ塭
Ҫ˵ûӱͳٺ˵˵졣ȸñ˵ȥ
֣ƿ뻳Уҿһͳһ澵ӣšƿǣһ۽Ĩ
ϼһߣɴԲ۾ɻǲͬ죬ʦһĨȥɶŮʦһвһ㣬ƶСһв
̶Сһв
գ۾žͷŮˣ۽ǵûˣȻᡣͷһôǶһ٣ΪʦǸϹ
ϼͣѾʮˣʦͲһ㡣
÷ʦ壬УвŮ͡Ԫⱸºפʥࣻ˴פʥ࡭
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309 

˵ĻѦһ޶ǵɽׯ˵·ͬΪҽˣԭһഫ
ѹϣ˵Լҽĵɽׯ֧֧Ѫϡ緲ˣ񣬵ɽׯĺˣѾ뷲졣
ӱ˵Ƿ·壬·岻Ƿˣ㱸Щÿƿװפʥͳȥ
һ֣һаصչޡ
÷ӹʦ壬λװ٣
˺ӵװһƿôѰСƿװϡ
˹ʦ壬ôҪĲʹܽʦ㣿һ޵ģ¹ʣ㲻½ҡ
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ӹʹֶΣǾʹӶֵĵЩʦöˡ
ѾͷڳǰŪǷǡ
Ůӵʦ壬ϸ¿н˵ýҷ˵ҩ
˭ҷģվҶִ
÷ʦԸװƿ񣡡
ӿ÷뿪ĺϼʹ˸ɫ
ϼʥ࣬һ̸˹ȥ
÷治ðæϼ۵Ůڶ࣬ǻҷòġ
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ӱ̺Ǳ߶һϮۣ°ڸǶɫұŽɫƵҩ𣬶Ҿ֣һʦʦó!ʦ޳ֽһ
ӱлλʦ֣
䣬ΧʱһƬߺףʦ壨ʦ棩٣
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ұǶλӣѦ˼Ȩ󣬵ڶǽɵĺߣɮˡ˴ߡ
ҽ챾ŵӾ࣬˵ΪΪ֮˵ɣߡ
ǰλδƽϣȻڴִ
ʥơʥϯŮִ룬ʥ衣
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ӱӹӣͷţҽʥ𡣡Ťͷʵʦ֣ΪĸŸã
֮Щţʦþ㶼á
ҩҵʥ𲻴ĵţһͲס
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Ѧ˶żֻɺײͣĭ
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һգӱƶģɺ֮лѡ
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һ̯֣гһֻ裬Ȼһֻʹâ֥Ϊػ֥ɲݣ¶ɣףͬ٣
ݣҩʱƲۡ
ӱӹǳЦлѣˣ
˾̳Цפʥ࣬ʥɻΪ֪ܷҰŮȡһ
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310 (2

ӱ÷
𣬵ڣ
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ѵÿҪҵôŮ֮ǰϻض𣬴ʱݷã
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ĩˣܴܶϯ˼ʥߣõٸϣֱƵúﰵѿŵĵӸһ顣Իܶ󣬽ǲɨˣǸˣһٳԣԵʥ
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311 

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312 (2

ڶҡ
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ӢȴֻģҪʦ֪ˣǼ˼ëӣС𻹲Ǵɨң죡ɨٲһҪ˳Ⱦ
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Գܴܶ˵٣һ֥ɲݣ
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313 

СҪ˵ӱһϬֹס˻
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314 ³ƣ2

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315 Ȳ

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316 ʧ㣨2

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318 ʯ2

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319 

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326 (2)

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ħδţѪ㣬Ҫȳ˸Ĵۡ
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Դ֪Ϊôõ˵ôΪҷ̹¹¹ҽĺˡҽ˵ҵݣǽԭ¹Ȼˣܵ񡣡
ŭȵ㲻ǳŮƾʲôƾʲôһǳãҡҪȥҽڣһҵġ
ޣͷʲôأ㵱ҽڲ֪¹βģǺ¹Ԫףħ֪ǻóɣ
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327 ˭ѡ˭

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ŽӣȴδһָݣֻƿֻΡ
ӱսħҩˣȱҩ裬һѽӹһöιֽһ죬ûо
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÷һ񣬡飬Ʒ׺ףһԺãС
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328 (2)

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÷һ̧֣ŮӹЦ΢΢صʦվһ
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˵ãǵöʮǰһǱµֵܡֵǣƷŮ͸ߴʮ˵ƷȽƷôҲһˡ
ҲȫӦѡУ
ͷУȫֻҪԸӦѡԿǰ
ʵǲѪƷʺãżҲá
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329 

СԳ鵽ʱͿٶȻʵӱ
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330 ħ(2)

Ⱥһλ¹¹еֵΣ
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֦һ֦ԲǴʦһ֦ͨʦ
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331 굤

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332 (2)

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Բǡ÷ͷѰңѰңܴзԲһƽҪѰϸСķ϶롣
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÷СƬֻ̣ɺ׳ȥ
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336 ħ(2)

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̨׵Ķˣһİ꣬ǰ׳˭
Сʦãּˡ
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׳ڣֽűǰҲʹһ˲ᷨķˡ
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337 þ

Сۿȫ·Ҫǽһָֻһļϡ
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鴩֮ʱ÷һקԼ󣬡ߣ
׳˿Թֻǹ۲ʱ̫̣˿Щæңԭ󷨴ʦԹĥ仯ɣȻæң塢ͨɡ
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ԲǴʦ¶ãɫʱΪԼþһ·϶оġ
ӱþѪ߹
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׳ݺݵػܣɱңףҰ׳һڰǰԼдһ٣˺֡޿ɱң޳ɲħ꣬𡣡
ҽ壬Ϊū壬㾹̲Է⡭
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ӱóžιžϵͼַ˱仯ȷرʾﻹеعԽع֮С
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һʯףǰһƬޱߵĺɫ󺣣ں뾹һɵĸ̨
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׳ǳЦ
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֪ӱһʼıҪߣͲôˡ
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ԲǴʦСԳڻ
÷Ľԭһ½ɫСͻɥСΨһܽ˶ɵ̨ĹߣСһ
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338 Ŀ(2)

ӱŭɶߺߵغ㳰Цң͸һƲңҲƾԼɽ磿
ᳰЦСʦã츳ɽġ
ܷʳܷ˱֮٣ϾѪ츳Ƕš
ǣƲңһԼ֧ŲˣҪҵ·ӡҲɵӡءƲˣһʼƲҡӱ޵ģָŸ̨ȥھȥȥɽ磬Ҿͷһƣ
㡭ޣûƲ㡣׳ͣ޵ģһʱѰԿοĻ
ӱŭ²ȥ㲻ȥҾɱԼ
ּӴһȡ
׳棬һȥǵᡢģԼȥ
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һʼûҪȥɽ磬Ҫȥ
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ӱĨȥᣬպö̵ʦ֣һ·ߣʲôȥɽգ߸ϵˣ˼䣬ȥõĵط
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׳һЦЦȻ鷢ػСʦáƣ̨ƺҲԸֿңСʦûһ뿪ĺá
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340 (2)

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343 

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344 (2)

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345 

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츳ԭͲͣӱʯûྶٵҩʯȴǻ˲٣ʳʯ͸ߴ顣
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ſռصʯ䣬̾һЩƷʯȴóȥģʳƷʯļƷ⼫Ʒֻ²ʯʯ
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뿪Լץŵǿʯһɫʳɾ
δʼʳΪתʳͷԪԼĻȴû
һֱΪʯûԵģѵƫɫ;
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346 (2)

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գ۵Ŷⷢһֽʦˡ
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348 ˵(2)

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ߵǰˣһ֮ڴŲ⣬׽˵ͷ츳ѾƷʦˣ˲õǣƷ˼ҽʮ꣬ô˵á

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ֻ룬˻᲻飬ƫˮȴһٶɵüЦЩſ꣬Ǹˣ˼Ʋˣã˸ʮƷʦΪʦ˭ѽ
ŤͷŮ
ӱУѹˮĻڶ
²ϲʦŮƢԿùܹܡ
ݵһۣЦСԣʦָһö˵
ʦÿ֪˵ֵΣ
ӻ״˵ĵҩ˰ǧƷʯһ֥ī಻ʮƷʯֻǽЩҩѰ
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ݵʦ˵̫û˼ˡ
൭صˣʦýݴ߰ա
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ҧҧˮҲлѶ˵ҲõģóԻ˵ӣǾʮƷģʱ֪˵̫ѣֻһöʮƷ뽣׹ϵŮ׽׽λž޵
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349 

ӱʦù
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㵱ʮƷϵĳһ࣬ʮƷΪҩѰҪ֥īŰѸһöɻһöʮƷ嶾
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ͷһöԼлƶ󲻵ѣͷɫߵ㣬ȡһֻƿʮƷ
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350 (2)

Сӱɿ⹦ôɡ
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׹̫ͣǴȥ֪Ҫ˵°͡
СӱһĵһǡɽƷ룬ʲôʺСӱ
ѰʵģΪСӱһΣ
ܳһתβ֪öã
ӱⲿãԪǿ⹦ġ
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ѣСӱڵҽѪ
ãҸСӱѪһʺϵĹ
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ףúʣЦ΢΢صģ
úݵ׳ŵҾֵ˵ĻǰʦԼˣһȥɽħޡԭֽ״ŵģɡǽõһ˲ҩ񣬴˵͡͡
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ʲûϵӾ͵ÿԣֲ洫ӷǵʲĴھٲݷġ
ԭǼĳӳѽ
Ǹ֮ңС游̵Ҫ̵ãΥ
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352 (2)

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353 

ϽҩδһΪ裬ʮſһε֮ʧȥʸζδİ꣬ҩһϣ
Ƕȥ׼գҪ̫ʧ͵һ
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354 (2)

ȷʵܲμǰȲܶһƣӰ󣬷˱سɴ󻼡
಻֪øпǸпһʮƷʦʦɱˣôص˺Ѳ²
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ҪĴ򷨣ЩΪӮʹСƣЩʶˣܺãϲҲֱ˵޳ܡ
Щ˵ʲôҪֻҪУֻҪܰ;ðġ
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355 Ů

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356 (2)

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358 ¯(2)

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361 ҩ

һԾżŵأֱɿ⣬һôǰֹס˽ŲͻصһöӣһӴһ졣
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-

362 (2)

ЦǷƵء
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363 

ļһ飬ϴ˵¯˵ػ߶Ʒϵĵҩñ𣬱ƷԽߣҩȼʶߡ
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364 (2)

ӱܺ棬Ǹԣ˰ҩȷϵɫԣԶģŷ򸾵Ķ˵˸飬ǰٻ廳˵ģǿһθ춯صŰ
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366 ׽(2)

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֮ʣͻرɫѹĪ˵Ҳĵͳ
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ʱӻشǱߴһߺʥ״ˣԪӤ˿ǰɽ̲񣡡
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ӱϢӱ죡죡Ҵ磬Ҫȥ֣
Īؾܣﲻʥࣿ
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ԿռȡһƿͷĨ˸飬յհϺĨһ㡣
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˾ã뻳ɵйϵ
ɽɭﴦɽƼ˲ٵӡ
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ž׽ٺҩһƬδйļįС
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ӱͷϵĻӣϵʱ̿סˮķһۣ߽ᳶˮһ£ָָӱķ
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塢õĵӣȴЦ
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Цˣ˵츳иߵͣ˼ֿģкֵġ
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367 η

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ǿɶס»ȥ߻ˣʱ˷˷裬Ҳûӣ˿Ӷġ
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⻰΢ŵɫ΢ס
ʦקŵ΢䡣
ʦ˭ǵ鷳˭ʰ
ǲæġ
ӱһذٲݷͰԼص
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תʱȥ״ˡ
գԭ⣬ԼͽܣοǸεεСŮڻŮ۸ˣΪʦ͵ðæһӡ
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أҹĵ۸»Ҹûꡭ
򸾸ŵأͼڵ󳳴֡
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غͷʹϣúõ̸ɿôֵͲ˵
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ΣֶŮĵӣ˵Σ۸Ҽ»²˵Ҿݣ
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뵽ռңȻŵڣȴ̣Ҫó⣬ûգҲҪ࣬Σ
ѣɵöʯҪռҵ
ǿЦãҲѰͷУǻԼҵ׼ģֶŮǵĻɷʰ̯ӡ
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һѱһᣬֻţˮʦҲ̰棬ʦġǺϲʦõģһֱ棬ʦò棬ˮʦõĻ붺
ŭͽǺӣǶģÿҪѧĶأѾͷ鳤꣬ðã۸ôʦģ
յʦҴˣĴˣԺҲңԭأòãˣء
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׺ݵص´ٸ۸Ҽ»Ҿĸϳռҡ
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Ȼﻹǲ١
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ˮ˵˼أЩŪǷǵˮǲ
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ˮôȥϻҵĻѣڻҪ
Ҫǲȥ桢ʥǶǳѪ浱Ҽ»Ǻ۸ģʱ˶۸
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368 

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ˮˣܴƺס
ݱɻ뻳ݴܣˮֱ֣ٻ˸췭ظ
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ƫܣˮ۸»µҲƼģȷʵˮԡ˵ʦãĸŮϸ²͹ȥˣôҪڡ
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ٲݷ£ܲܡ
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369 Ʒ

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ʦһɣΪʦһ£óɵĹؼ㡣
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370 Ϸ

ĬƬ̣٣ֵ˵ۣŷء
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371 ͬϲ

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ˮһתӯڽޣôô˵Լǰʦһҿһֱʦ֣ټ
˰֣ûϹ£ʹ˸ǡ
תߡ
󣬴ˮ㲻֪ҩȴʦ»ˣ
ͣ˽Ų
ˮ߽ỽһ黳ʦ֣һôô
һѽס˫磬Ц˵£㲻˵£ֻҪģûġ
ˮӣص»ˣһɽ䷻У˵һָ˶ǧʯ
ɽˣҲڷд˴ֻ꣬Ϊһ档
Цһ䡰лˡתҰƵзȥ
Ҳġ
İ½ֻȼˡ
ӱջʶ´صУ
Ѿ뿪
ϴҩݵ£˴ˣθҲǻһ顣
ӱһ裬ֵľ׵ģ̬У½꣬˶飬㣬˰ٲݷɽϼˣû׽ˡ
ڷת˸飬ֻƵһ۷Ůķ¼̡ȻǴɹ
һ󣬾ԣ߽䣬ʦںδ
ʱ䱸
ķӦ֪Ҷˣһѣ¡ԷɲţֵʦиŮ⡣
ǰǴʦҩ̣ܳ˰ٲݷ壬֪˲ࡣ
ʦ
Ҿлɱȥ
ûˣ˶¥һ䳨ŵżһŮд飬ˣ
鿴ˮСӱǰöС
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378 

СˣҲСˣط֣˵Ƕ˺ӡ
û
㣬ôҲ
컬࣡ӱһյƵǰ˰ɣЩġ
һһ˫۾һգգضСʱӵģûͦɰ
ӱյصСһһĵģԽȤˣˣҲǿ𣿡
һ֣Ҫôɰ

ΪǰͣĹίʵƲ꣬Ҳʮꡣ
£Ϊʲôأ
ɹǡҲζţͻн١һв٣֮١ҪΪֻŮ֮٣Ҳ١١٣٣н١
ӱ
˼ԪӤʵ٣٣Ľ٣
ӱȡһֻӣƵǰ
һۣʱٺϣʵʲô
ӱ۾Ҵ㹦
ָһ㣬üĶ롣
ٵͷĹݣһνתΪķһ㣬ԱɱȻ⻹ͬʦķͨΪԽķ˿ɶᣬֻΪá
ã˫ٴӣ𣡡
ɽԻҴĹƳɱԻ֪á
ֺǺǵؿӱҿá
ӱһۣԲǴʦ÷䣿
ҡҡͷ
봢ָ˿ģҩȴǰ壬Ҫμ꾳
ӱһ⻻
óһֻġ
ʯ鷴ʡ
ӱ㵱ԼС
ңҶл

ʱƽģҩκ˶޷ġ
СӱѧҪʲôģҸʶһ̽ﶼǵҩƷʮƷȡ
ӱʵʺʲôģ
ȡһֻģˡ
ӱ̽һ£̡춼ȫˣ¡¶УôΣ
ɣҪ㣿
ӱһİۣĪҪ̫⣬ʦ˵
ض飬һţҲڣ˹ʶġ
ӱҺʦ֡
Ҿ֡
ӱֵٲݷ䣡
鱧ȭʦã
ӱʵˣ
ʦ˵Ķˣõ򣬴ʦƣɻҪġ
ӱӹһ飬úȫ
պö
ݹһֻʦ㣬ʣµʯ
ӱӹʾԼĴժĴһʯ䡣
鵭ؿһûʮҲʯޣеľǻֻ࣬һ洫ӡȻԲף˵˶ͽܴ󷽣ͽܴҲǴ󷽡
ʦãȥǰٲݷͰɣ
ƿһ㶢顣
ƤģûҪȥ˼͵ġ
ͷҲס
ʦֲȱЩʲôԿȥ
ӱЦ΢΢صˣ߰ɣ
һ¥ˣӱͷ
ӱҩɽţһ·еӹػʦ㡱
䣬˰ٲݷ̣ɽִǶٲýӱʶһλĹ֮ϸϸ˵ˣ˵ӱɹණ
˵֮󣬰Ͱ͵صִµطԸ
ֵʦʦҰƷʯҡ
ģš
ϲ⡣
ļȴ۲Ȼһ£ʾʦֵһͷ֡
ִµȥա
佫ƷʯóʦֵǷ֣˶һʲƣ۵Ҳٵ˼ʯɽ˸ϲտ
ִЦ̾һǸģ֪˷Ϊ˴¶ϧǸŮӣΪŮӣӱ׽⣬Ҳûʲô¡
ӱɽһشϢ
׷ʵĹӣ
ǣڴΪúܿʮӡţⲻʦʦַԸģ˵ֻҪ»£޾ϸҪ
ã˵һߵմĸ֪ǽڵ
մӱ˼Խĵֺûء
طûǰǰϲٴ
˿̵Ļݺݵ
ͽŶ󣬾Ƕˡ
Ҿ񣬺ò
-

379 ͬ

Ȼʵ˵
ҩȣ˹»
ѣ
ͷǺܾǰʶˡ
ӱ봫ֲܱ¶ֻܸż
жã
ʾɣƳС׵ʲס
ϱӰɡ
Ļһڣȵ߽ˣôô컬Сӡ
ʦ³ֲʧԲʦֵʹºšꡯ
һ㶼ǫ顣
ӱʦʦҪҩסգԼһȥ̽һŴĹ
㡭Ҫɽ
ôɽأŶܱ˷֣ߡ𲻾ͶˣҪչصÿ죬ֱס
ߵ˹챦ȻҩȲߡ
ӱקס䣺ʦȥһ¡ôô꾳ȥʦ
ӴҪȥ̨
ͬڽǰʮ˴γҲΪ˾׼
ⲻ˵˴ξʮܽ꾳
»һôҩȵı
ʦͬǴĹ϶бҿȥ񱦱ġ
ٱҲûⱦá
ƲԸҾֵʦ壬ʦأĽҡôҪŮˣҴʦˣĽҡ
زŶСʵ̫ɶˣһģԹԵͽɽϴúúõģڷŬʱҪȥ
ܲܰߣ
ӱͷʦܡ
ο챼ʦ㡣
ʦܣʦְſͷҪɽסա
ҾֵʦܡʦãȥոСأȥĹǰأʦ壬ˡ
СӣòͿôǡ̫ɶˣ
ԽСǸǿ֡
ɽϵĶչŹ
Ծ޷˵ӱֻôȥء
ߺߵص»˵Ҫ
һ仰ǿŰ졣
ʦͽ˻δ߾͹ˣµѣЩû
òĳˡ
ӱգһ۾һǹİɣ
ӻͳħƤͼڷϣʥ桢棬ǿͼβҡڵʦ֣ڵ͡־趼Ҫͬȥ
ɨһۣɱħɴĹ
ʥʱͷѡ¹˱һͬǰ͵ѧ
˼Ȼǰȥˣͻ˴ӡսԪӤڣȥߣ־ͨ󷨣ͬȥÿԱӱ
಻ʣʥͬˣ
ʥ࣬ӳˣƳң㿴Щ
ǲӦŵġ
ЩÿζˣĵӣȴǾС£ҪҪһʦ
Ц΢΢صͽһǰ
ӱĵ׸ߺΪʲôȥԽԽ࣬ôǴȺܡ
߲СºʵµҷԵ
ӱ
ͺ¿˵ʲôҵӵã
ӱͷϵ˿ɵͷˣã˱ճɹͷʵ
ӱһ࣬ﷸֹΪʲôÿ߶֣ôѺĹóߣôá
ǰͷĿԸͷܸ
ƿӱż
ʥҲˣ£߲о㣿
أܲˡ
֧ƫ뿪
ΪһõɮӶûС
ӱЩΣʦǻȥգ
ȥ
ʦͽ˳˽أӱ˾䣺ʦߣʥ桢¡
һתɱȥô߽ʥ棬ͳ屾ǰı
δ˵ֳ꣬ˡ
ʥӱСɫ˲ˣСܿУ˼Ҿƫʱʱ֡
ЦǺǵصо仰úòɣƶɮһ͸Ϻˣɼ㶼㲻
ʥʱһ֣ûţ
ӱµѣܺ˱ˣǷܹҷŶݣ
ǰܵԲǴʦĶݡ
ԲǴʦΪƹҩ裬Ҳξ
ƶɮ۵ˣз⣬ƽȲǡ
˵ƽȡ
µѽޣʩҷţⲻǴƣ
ʥ࣬ߺĿࡣ
߲ӻǼµѣ⹦ҷžѣ
ӱ뵽Բǣ߽Եְ֮ԲǴʦһѣ̾һˡҲãҲգֻҪһƣǴơ
-

380 

ʥȰת룬⹦ȥԺߵӣжţ˵λɿģԾƳ⣬أ˵񣬴δй
Ը˹šڷҹһˡ
߶ݵµѲ˵
ӱתȡ˱īӺī䣬ԲǴʦСԳĻԾȻֽ˷ŵӷԲǣдͰ߱ӻһ
߾þŻϵˣһָоú򣬲Ϊ˹Ϊ˴ˡ
Կռȡһ׹ԼĬдɣԭ׼ģ˿̱ߡ
߽ӹţµѶٴ
ԵۣԵءԵԵȥжΨԸѰá̾һ
ӱһĨ⣬Īе̨ʱʱڷãĪʹǳ
һȴֿƫģȴԼܹ˶ݣͬǷ˷š
ˣӦһͬʡ
ϣһƬš
߾ػζеʫ
ӱˣӦʱʱԼ죬䲻ʥˣӦġ
ʥӱǿƵĵɫ޷ӵ
ֺӱһף᱾̨һδǳ
һΣȴǺߡ
Ѱˡ
˱޷գ֮Ѱ֮֮
ʱ󣬺˫ţе࣬µȥޣҪҺСסҲƶɮһ֮ꡣ
ʥЩӴŶλˡ
æˡ
ߵƶɮЯӻطޡ
ӱһ
ָһӣгֻСԱмߣףһ·ߡ
ӽӹ
ȡһֻ򣬵ƶɮһǧǰʱãµѡ
лߣ
΢΢ͷ˫ֺʮһźʧ
ʥʵǺ򣿡
ӱ˹ȥʶɨӣֻͷ˸ûƼһʹƵٿ
ʥӱָӱܹܲţҲ˵˷һ㡣
ǰӣӱܻݹš
ӱ˽أصɽϣ
֮ϹŹĶģ
߸ġ

巽ӵϹѪ߽Կ
ӱʵǾǲ
΢΢üСӱһ㣬ֻҪʱûдʹУͷñޡ
ӱӹ򣬽֮ŵüģͷϹ֣ңϵãǰҪαѣ˵һĹѡ
ʱˮһϣǼպ
ӱ飬⡣
ӱҩȵʵǰĵѾɽµȺ򡣡
Ҳȥ
ӱ⡣
ˣֻӲͷƤǰ塣
Ԥ˳ʳҩӱһϣͷƽҪΣն㵽󡣡
ʦ۾ôǺģ
Ǹ۾ˡ
ˣͽû뿪ء
أ᲻á
ӱʦҸ
˰֣ٶ˵һͻ޳
ӱ鵽ɽʱˮҲڡ
ˮʦ֡Ҫʦȥٻͣʦֱδܣȥ˰ٲݷ͡
һԹ·ʲôԲס¡
һ˫۾ܿһϮ۷ϡ
ɣ
ΪԼռԼûԵͱӱ׺񡣿ǻĵӣ˽Ӵ˵ŵӣǱŵ׺ҲûС
Գƽ꣬ռĪǣһ塣
ӱǰǱ߻ڵĵӡ
⼸ǱӱƽŵˣҪŵĺ󱲡
ѵʦ㣬㴫Ѷͨ˵Ŀĵ档
Ҳá
ӱ˵ۣһƷ鱦ͷǶС¥
ˮհͰ͵ؿŷߵۣ˵ɫ
ʵô»һˣ
ˮ鲻ãĶ֪ССֻͣṴˣ˻˵á
תȥ
ݲˮ̫绳زˮ̫࣬־ˮĸŮʵԸոѧ
ڵӸж⣬ӵӱĴѶԼȥĹۣ߰ɣ
־׷ĽŲʦõıˣ
Ӧһ
½ʦɨ־裬չصʱʦԽ׽ˡ
Ĵʦ֣ͬһʦֱѰ˻Ҫ׺Щ
-

381 Թ

ɱħĹλϹϲϹ½˼֮һĴ쳯֮һ
ۣҵһգڵĵδȽ
ӱû
ܵһѾĪ壬ûصȥ
һ·ܾĪУҲԸ˵
˴ŵѡ¹⼸²鿴Ρ
һΧתȦ
߽ӱ⴦Ĺգ㻹Ǹ߰ɡ
ӱûӻ
Ҫչ˵̫࣬еĵȫڡ
Ҳڡ
ǲͬģһ㣬δػᡣ
׼ʳ
ҩΪˡ
ԣΪֺ壬ػı㣿ҡͷЦǰң˲翿ôָɵˡ
ҩȾȹҵ
ΪǻرģѾ㹻֮Сӱס㣬ǰ㵱ɽ˿ȸǰ㣬ϲӡ
˵ǰ¡
ɡڵӱȴҩסˡ
ҲΪڱ㣬ϲֱѵ뿴أ½Ͳһ£ȥħ硢硢磬˼䡭
Ǳɵô
Ĳӡ
Ҫӡ
ӱĬˡ
ʱҩҲҩȱ
ĻջӱЩĶ
ڰٲݷ忴˻Լ֪ӡ
ˣӦûڡ
㲻ҵĽ顣
ӱ𴦡
뿿κˣҪԼ
ֵ½ҹ磬Ŀĵأֻ;еĿջǶͣפ㡣Ҳһ;ͣĿջͶ̫ĸ飬ҲϣһջͶ顣
Ļһ࣬ôϡ
ҩ·ô½ɴʳ
ּ⣬æµˮ׼衣ʧˣ
ʧ䣬ת̨ϣرסҡ
ߣ
鲻˵ǿ϶
ӱδ
þõؿ⣬ƺҵĿĺͻŵ塣
΢΢һЦԴ̫㣬ʺƬ½㻹ҡ
ǰһ̫ûۣΪԼҲΪԼౣ֡
ӱƿ֣СӣСӣҵͣɱˡ
̫ʵ˺öͺޱظҩȣҩ챦˵ɵɵ
ֻǲǷҩ̫ࡣ
ΪǷ̫ľ
ǷģҲԸǷ˵ġ
һŲּͷһˣȥֻ׵һŮûòֹưһЦǾ˵
ӱӦһ䡣
߻ĸӢ꣬Ŀ࣬տɣֻһһůڼҸ硣
߽׷ױȭڵ½ݣ־衢͡ѡ
Ҿֻ񣬽ܵλҵ÷ҩȴ»
һȻȵı顣
ã÷Ҳˡ
ӱɫ̫֡
ͷʵǲʮǰʶ
µļҲû
ʮǰʶڶҲô÷Щ¾ֽ𰡢ǧ㶼ˣɱˣΪ䵽˵ĵز
ĸͻ˵Щ
ӱپ˵Щֶû
ͷҪЩˣӱģ˭Ҳǿ÷֡
Ϊ㣬ʰҵܣǸλãԶ磬ɲûġ
ӱߺߵŭԽ˵Խףֲҽģ
ҾҪ㣬Ϊ㣬ҿԷУ˦أҶҪ㣬Ⱳӡ±ӣ㶼˦ҡ
ؿǰŮ¶ֹףмѱŮίʵͻ̫СЩ
ӱ͵֣һѾס飺ٺ˵˵Ժٲ㣬ΪĴ򲻹㡣
Ҿ֣һֺãҵĹ£ĸҺһָͷҡ
˿ռĻ죺
ǹ
Ҿ;û뾹ǹ
ѹôԭҲˡ
ȻˣûߵŮмѵ츳ٴζһѪ𱰣ǧ
ﰵҵöɵȥĹο˼һ챦Ҳ˱𣬵һ¥
⿴кյѣò衣˴λʦȥ쿴Ρ
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382 

½ݼ΢΢һ
ԭ˵һôԪӤˡ
˵䣬ŵѡ¹˻
ҹЪ¡
ڴۼ
·
룬ھһھֱ侮ס
ѼӱС
ӱһߣУҺʦֶϺ󡣡
¹һʦ㣬뿪ʱⶣҪǡ
ӱͷһצһһ½Ӱ㣬һȥĩ֣ԱߴסˣԼȥǱҶȥ?
һССŮ޾˱뺷ѡ¹ЩӿǿѹΪΪ꾳ѽڣȴɵأץסһֻС
ʣӡ뾮¡
½ѷ̸ϡ
ףǽϵİţӱæʦ㽫ǶģҪͽϺ󡣡
֪
ǰʮԶһټʯҡ
վԭأΧݵͼʾӦûһţΪ˽󣬾ͱϲ򣬾֮ǰͨƲ
½ѷôĶһͷʯͷһģһ
һԲεĴʯӣʯ飬Ų֮ҲʯͷÿһʯһÿһʯһԲǽϡذһ϶ûС
۾ʶ
ΪȻ
ʶôһ̽淢һţŤͷѣǼҡ
½ѷеδǷһţҵˣ
һ½ѷȸϣƬ̣һ˱ʧʯϡ
ڼƾʧһĻʦ桭˵ڵӵ£౻˽ȥ
ӱ󣬸սͷͷһˡ
ŽŲǾƬ̣ô˾Ͳˡ
ֻ֤˴Źֵúܡ
ӱܣʶɨӷǽϾʮ˸ţһΧʮ˵š
龪Ϊʲôҿ
ʶ
˵תʶֻһţʮ˵
ǵԶЩʵ㿴ĵ
վ룬ָ෽ǵţӱüʵڵ󷨶Ʒ
Ʒʦ
ҲǼߵ츳ϾŻꡣ
ӱҽȫòܲܽ⣬סǽԶЩһ֮ڣͻᱻȥ
ӴȡīȡһС̱ī󣬽˴ȫòϸϸػϵͼµȫδŹ
ʱǵӴ󡢾תپƷҡ
Ʋˣ˵Ҫһͷ󷨵ȼ̫ߡ
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ת󣬾һ仯ϡѡţȥ֮Ҳšš
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󷨣ţǧ򻯣Ҳһҵ㣬֪Ĵ
ӱ΢΢ЦҪ˵˵
ָͼָı仯֮һ飬˵ı仯ɣһ߼㣬һ߽⣬ӱʱüʱȻʡ
ڴ˶ʮ꣬ϾʱҲƹⷽ鼮ǹ˼꣬ɼ¡ĽУǰ׵ĵطҲˣʱʱһ⡣
ʵؼƬ̣Ž
꣬ʱ֮
ʮ˵ţĴ
ӱſִھ
ͻأָŻϵһţǵ
һۣ㣬žط֣Լš
ʵôģ
һ֮Ϊ㣬һ
ּ㷽ʽ
ܽҲ
󷨣ҽ㡣
ãһΪ
ͼֽǵĶսֱۣߵ֮ţһɱ˽ȥǰһһͨ

ҽУֱеëȻëӱͣ˽ŲǺʵʯڣʱƽ̹ʱϵĽݡ

ңң
һĲҽУصʯ֮УþòƽϢ
ǸԲҩȵӣ
ļǿӡļйأ˭Ϣ¥ĴӣСͷģ˳˸о⣬Ӧر죬൨ϸ
ӱ˿
Цʣ㵣⣿
ѾͷȻʱЩЩɵӱġ
ͬУд󰭡˵ͨռ󷨣
ǣûһ󣿡
Ҳ֣۷ֲˣʶƼΪʲôֻһţȴʮ˵
-

383 ħ

ӱҲ֪ǺԭɣҲߵܽ⿪յס
ʯУԼĪʱ䣬ۼһȻʣһɽȣΧͱڣйӵ̨ͤ¥󣬷һɫȫʯͷ죬ݶҲʯͷģܣ캬飬
ʯɣɲǾ£紵˵绹ҪöƳ֡
Ƭ̣ʱͱеĻľ黨ݡ
һ侲Ȼɱȥ
شߴţСӱռ䣬Щ黨ȫ꣬Ʒϳˡ
ӱգ־е黨ֱռɨǿźôĵطЩĻľ
һػͷֻľ࣬Ƭ̣ԭɣͳҩռҩġʲôֻȡ
һȡ
ȡûضװֻ˺õȡ
һЦӱռ˲ٻľѵһļƷ
ĵطвһֻ񣬹Ψ۷䡢裬˵ޣһֻδü
ʯţԽȣ׹ͤͤϴïܵ٣ϿŽС
٣
ⲻ٣Ǵ٣ϹʱڵһݣдѪ֮ЧǼƷɲݡ
䣬ͤʧ
ӱͷ飬һ⡣
Ҳͤȥ˺δ
ţˣͤʹ᲻ˣ
Ȼ֮䣬ͻؿһٻӰˡ׷˹ȥӱ΢΢ü
ˣûо˵Ϣ
ˣѲǹ
ӱ׷ķٱȥһ·ϣ߼ƷľһƬдС֣ǰһͤԺһŮѷѽ⡣
Ůݲ԰ףüһö÷ױձԵЩ졣
ӱţͻһâӹ˯˹ȥ
Сӱ龪һԺɳʲô
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385 

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ӱЦص㲻µģһҾ͸Ϊ˿ڣ㡭ġ
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ʱб˶ӱ˳ҽݣ־֡
С־ԶԶؿӱҾϴֽ֣ҿϷӵۣСĵؽӽϴ
ӱú֣ôòռϵϣӽʱռˣû˷ŶҪѰı
ʶ飬ʶţʶݡ
ʶӱһ̹ġ
ӱҽ׵ֹ֮ѪֹۣȡһƿȪڷӵĴߵ˼ΣһͲʹˣ̣ұһʱͻǰһٽӵĳͻ˶ӣ߽Ǹϵ˿ڷá
̣ϸĶǰܵĺ飬һúӱȡƷ˵ι̷
ֻҩǰԵĶ㡢
ҩ£Ӹϵ˿ھҲۿɼٶȽ衢衢⣬ǵɫָ
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һۣԸȥ£
ӱ΢
ЦúºͣôˣЦܸȾģЦɾ⣬綬ĵһѩƴһṳ̊ľ磬ΪѰҹʦԸ
ʦŵ˴һ˵˵ʮһľʦԲˡ
ԲţһѾԲ˰꣬ΪʲôûϢ
ӴľӱһݣӿŮΪľ򿪷ţ
Сɮ˼ӰݼһŮһ㶣ϲ˵ŮӱǴʦ˵ϽŮ
ľһֱľʦֻתĴ˵ҲľǧһһǴ˽ߵʦ־ǰľʦº𷨣˵гһգϽŮҽŵӴ򿪷šʱҷŵӽԷϽ磬üҷ𣡡
ʱڷŵӻ裬˽İҲ֪Ԥԡ
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ǳӱݡ
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ŮסǶԵ֡
С۵Ů㣬ͬȥῤǶ֡棬ǱǸơ
קסӱֱۣӱʱһš
ʦæеŮҴ£
ӱСӱ㲻ȥ£˵뿪ܡ
ӱסСеֺã΢΢һЦȥ¡
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ϽŮܴţǶĶ£Եһ㣬Ҳһ뵽ľʦԲţͷη֣һˣȻͷ뿪ѿ
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콵ŮҴѿǷּ⣬ȴҪˣǺεѵǿᣬҪѱϲɣ
ѹʦ䣬ɮھŭŷСС
Скµֶ㡣
ѹʦҲԶǧѿΪѰŮ£ʦԸǿ֪ǰʦ֪ϽŮ٣Ϊ˿ͨӭŮľһԲ¡
ԲǰӣΪ˴˽һҪѰŮŮݣšѹʦ֪֮Ů֮ߣ
ѹʦˡ
ҵӲԱȻʵ
ӼӲϻѹʦԲΪĪҪһ֮˽˴˽ա
ѹʦвʣЩ־Ҫ
ڡգȴһܴŵŮҲһ顣
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390 Ͻ

ҾֻŮˣסӱӰʹϲ㹦ٱ⣬ҽﻹӱӵӰ
Сס飬ʦ˵ˣŮʦ֣֮ˡ飬鷴ӦֻԼͬһֻ򣬱Спڼϣǰת
ѵҲǴ˽Ṧ
УҲ̫Щ
޵С鱦ࡣ
ʦ΢΢һôõĻᣬܷŹĵӵпգ¾֣ګȥһ¡
ĵӦɱȥ
ҽ⣬ǵĸߺްӷ𣡡
Զ˴ѿǣСһּͣ¡
Сǰʦ壬Ǵѹʦˣסˡ
ӵصΪ˲ġ
䣬дһӣګǲľ翪ŵĴ£ܲһ΢
Сеɴ۾ϺлɶǶ뿪˻Ҫ׷
ѹʦ߽ӱţŮϽ磿
ӱһʱ֪νӻ
ͷϸϸһҽҩ裬ϵ֮
Сеʦʦ棿
ңֻȷʵƲʲô
Ū˰ɣ
״ѹʦɣӹѹʦ˵Ƕû
Ͻ˵ô
ֻзŷзҾɣзŵ
ѹʦǡ
˵Ҳ֣˴˽֮ǵԲá
ӵʦǰϽħ˽٣Ϊ˽磬ʱľʦħ˴ҹħ˽硣뿪ľʦڴ˽粼˷Ͻɣħһҽ磬ͨԲá
ӱڲǷƹ
ӱһɳһ磬һҶһᡣ
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ǵĵľʦһͨ
ǲ˵ǽļʵľʦ֮ʣ
ľ磬һҲľ硣
պһ˵ִῤ
ŷӹԱڳ⹧ӭɿĺ̺һֱӿῤ⣬;İաеӭ󣬻
ӱЩףΪδѿºῤԲŴѣῤǷǳءսԶʤѡ
ӱʣɮѿῤ֪Σ
СɲǿɰɮıԻɮСʺ⣬ӱ֮СеҲûԡ
˿̣Свмر죬ϰаȡ
һݵԡ
ѹʦӹϰ֮ᡢѽڡ
ʱӱˣһɻȣԶŮɫһڣԶŮɫƻ֮ɡ
Сбĸ˵ˣ޾аƷŵӣһշҲή
ĸ
ӱСУòῤ֮ӡ
Ӳ
ѹʦнῤĵӣҷΪԵΪɮ
ֻзޣĵӶš
нСͦͦظŴѹʦɴѿ֮ţüζˡ
⺢ר˵ʹѹʦһ״ӱЦ
ţѿŷ𡣡
ѹֲҷӡСһ˵ôһ仰
̤̺ʱаչз񣬡ӻˣ
΢΢ͷʾ⡣
ӻˣ
нЦŻ֣ɫǻá
ӵ˽ˣԶԶӭ˹аշ񣬡һ·࣬Ԥի磬硣
ɨˣҾֵл⣬իͲˣȴλͻ¡
ԼҶʹ˸ɫ
нһ񣬡ʦ壬Ҹի綼ˡ
ӵʦԲţ죿
ݴ䣬ľʦǡչô
ʦԲţҲôˣȥ
ûϸ˵н䣬ѡйڼ㸸ĸա
лʦ壡
ӱ΢΢ͷӵĽŲȥ
ٹЩʧ
н䣬ľʦġеʧġ
йԱʼؿԼҳһ㡣
£λῤĴɽϣɽӱ˶ʮһ͵ĲҲƻֺ룬ͬǣԭ٣ȴһ֮УɫɫġɫĻӳ䣬ˡ
-

391 

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ѹʦǵһʦ
Ҳǰǰĵһ
ѹʦͷ
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ʱ౼ٵķŵӣŵģ׼ҵģ侹мŮģһСϴϲɫ
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ӽɽʦ㡣ţʦӴŮ
⻽һԼĪʮͷŮᣬһüĿ㣬峺մֳæš
Ů
ӱһͷ
΢΢ЦŮԶƶȥС
ֶһλɮ˵ʦ֣λɾͽӦˡ
ɮ˵ͷȥ
鿴ʲôϡ档
ӱʦ̫ľʦ¡
ľʦλӣʦѹʦ෨Լǰλϰڣʦ
ԭͬһʦţֻֻأǰ෨ȴΪԼľʦĵӣϰΪõڣڸԵĿѡĸϰ
ľʦַֹ˶顣
Դˣľڡɡ
ΪаƲڵࡢʱǰĹʦҲ˷
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ʱ顢ѹʦڴϡ
һλ΢ֵĴʦѽľʦԲŵϢȥһ£³һӽῤʦ֮λλѹʦˣ뼸λ˵˵ľʦԡ
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գһλȸ߻ĴʦľʦǰἰϽŮɽήҽ磬ľ罨ݡţ˵λǵˣᵽҷۣ֮µ
ӽӹҪۣ֮輯˷󡣡
΢ִʦλվ̨ҵͶλȥ֮ۡ
ӱ齻һվ̨ϣֻλʦɢվ˳̨һâҫƬ̺ѵһʯ֮ڡ
ʱĵطš
һˣһټʯзһţȥȴǲͬľ¡
Ȼ˿̿һһߴķŵӣߵмƣϹһ飬շȣƷǷ
ǡӱͷһתľߡ
龪ľΪߵҲǽ𵤺ڡ
΢΢һЦǰɡ޴ʿӡɱħګħԲšڷΪһ磬Ԫľֻء
Բŵģʱħת۾ͻữħΪˣԱԪӤʿԹˣһһ򻯳һ硣
ԪҲ䡣
ĵǰݼľ磬֮нĹʿ룬±ǨﷱϢ
½أľ羹ʷķԲʮС˶ķԲණ޵УӵĽ룬˷ޡ
ΪľתԼǰļ𲧣ֻļάľļֻء
ΪľʦλӣᡢѡλΪתĵӣֻأΪŵӡ
ֻǣľһ޷½ͨΪֻܵ𵤴Բʼ޷
ӱߵλӣ޴෨
ڣֻ࿤̲Ѱתګͽĵʴȣᱣô࣬طޡ
ӱͻطܹʹʶҲʹãΧǽϣϡܿɮ˽˹Ĺɽо졣
ʦ֣ʦ䣬Ƕδ£ǺβĹѰѰʦķǡ
˵һɮˣ˵ʦʱĽ֮顣
ӱϣ˼ִѹʦӰӡ
һȴɮ˵ʦ֣ʦ˵ǣʦ䣬ΪӣҪķޣ硣
ˣҪҶصĹ
޲ľߵĹ磬ǲ޷ؼҡ
ͬ˵صǣٶħӡɱħ󣬱Ѱ˵أԹ˼ľߡ
λԲɮ˵ʦ֣ĹѰʦ
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392 

գĸ˽˹ĹУӰǽϿУΪ͵ǴѣΪԪӤڣΪڡ
ǽĹĿܣһʯǶľµöʦֵ˾һöһͷľ߻˯Ԫ񣬴Ƿľ硣
ʱľ粻󣬾һСͷȴɽˮ
һЩѰʿ룬ŮĹľ磬ʿ󣬷ľ޷ʹķˣ޷ֻ÷ɿʼɼҵϢ
½˽룬ǽɲǣǵķͻѣͷҲɢľڣö֮ԽԽ࣬ͷҲģֱֻ
ǵĵӣҩݣǻۣ˴䡢ӣǣ˶࣬ǵķ˽ͻ飬Ǳɢڴ˽磬Ϊ˽ϡҲ˽ӷԲʮɶʮʮʮһʮķԲ
˽Ƿ֮أޣ޷ޡޡ޵ȣֻзΪʿΪֻữΪ˽ϡ
ӱʳԼĵ⣺ľߣǽ˽֮ʱǷоŸ˴˽磿
ˣʮˡ
ӱô㶼ӦֻоŸˡ
ħ
ľߵʶħ塢ͻҷħҲᱻ˽Ũķֱɢ
޷ħҲ޷
ľʵʮ˷ֳ飬˽а֮ãһ꣬ῤʦ
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һڴѿأһŮӻЩҽ˲ţһռ˲ԡľʿһس˷ӡ
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ľֵ˵ͷһˣһŮ欣һ˸꣬һ꣬һԲꡣԲǰħ¶ѻԪˣˡŮӡ
ίʵٿڵľ绹ǰգòŮǳղ
⼸ڵӡ
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æǰ㻹û˵Ҫܽݡţ
ľƬֻ̣µķǣľګګֻķݣګľʱµļöţƳɹ֮ʱֻز֮ݡţļֻز
ô򵥡ú񲢲ѡ
ľҡҡͷҪ÷ݡţѧƷŷ𷨣ҪŴֻزѧ÷ͨ
顢ӱ˫˫Ҿ
ľʶӰһֱ̧ۣһӿüġ
һ֣ͨĹӱԺС
ľȡöҩ˷𵤣ܽΪȻ˷𵤹Чֻʮꡣʮڣ˱ɽ죬ұţ򡭡
Ļδ˵꣬ȴס
ľߵֻö𵤡
Ψöδжġ
ӹ𵤣лľߡ
ӱŷ𵤣им򿪴ʳͨɽţ͵ڶԼ
·𵤣һƬǰζϸʱѻص̨ΧǼ˫е۾
ӱʱַӵķѸģֳַȣģģǽιʦһְŮʦ˵
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˿λʦ¶ϲɫ
ӱݵĲľʦֻذʮһķǣŵĲö
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˭Ҳû뵽ݡŵĲϾˡ
ʦ뵽ľʦԸţλʦȥԤɡ
ӱ±չ˲չݡ
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393 


ľӹ嵽ƽ˵ϽͣݡţͨϽ֮·
ˣǹһĨЦ⡣
𣿡
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һλŻɮ˽빬Ī䷨ʦؽĪĸ׸
Ī䷨ʦǴλʦ֮һҲǷµӣĪĸеӵӣֻĸ̫ڣÿꡢһͻỻһλ
˴ܹˣɵ˴˽磬˲˵Ǵ򲻿ռϵҲԾжϡԭ½ѷ˺úöģԭ򵽻½ķӣû뾹ɮƼ
֮󣬱ɮ˽ǿд£׸˴µĪ䷨ʦ
ûɮҲвɫƵģƫǽϻĶǺϻͼ
Ī䷨ʦҹй½ѷ־衢ȥȴ򲻹ɮˣҲᷳǵڡĪ䷨ʦϲȴҲϲܱ˴徲ӣö⣬׸
شҪɾ
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ţԽ͵Ůǰ֤Ե档
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Ī䷨ʦɫŹ֣Ŵ̽һۣʴмλӺһֻ࣬˺Ǿͽš
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ϽӣǴ˽ˣȥŮǲңһǡ
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΢΢һء
ԼҪʣȻȴܻ衣
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ǣؿǣϽŮɫƣǷɵģ
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Ȼԣ
ɫһ䣬ء
оﲻԡ
а
ԹޣģϽ类֮Ϊаħ벻˼ַ硣
Уһƿаħħ
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ܷħγɷ֪ħʲôôǷȥﲻϡ
ЦЦſ
ĶɮɷⲻǿЦô
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˱Ȼڷ棬ΪҪ

Ҫֹǣǲ˵Ҳ޷ص½
ʲôǵ˴
ֹס°ͣŮǺģ𣿡
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394 аħ

Ӵ˼ȣʵ˵ˣұĿնĸӽ󣬳˱˭Ҳ㣬Σ
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ȥϽ磬ȴ֪Ϊħη塣
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⣬Ī䷨ʦǰֹ˴ּˡ
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ŮɣɹɽѪ⣬߹й壬иɽɡɾһɶң½ֻҪݣǷɡħΪѡ
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Ȼд˵ĴڣǲܸıԼˡ
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½ѷǰࡢóĬ棬ԽΡ
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ҪԼ״̬ҪԼⲻľ磬ǰ֡سӱǰ¶һĺۼҪװʵһֱڴѿӡ
Ϊ˲֪ǣµĵطס½ѷǨһСסٴΰߡ
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ѳɹؽɣҪʼš
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ˣлʦܡ
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Դˣţľ粻ʱǽȥͽ𲶿죬ץˡɻڣῤвСͷ
ѡ¹ԶЩżһš
ŵĲö
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ݡѾϣھ͵ӱء
ӱ·𵤣תֿɼõġ˲롶Ϲ޾ںϡܣˡ˲
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ռ˷ܡ
ľкЩļֻز顣
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395 

ʵʲôԵ飿
ļ飬ľ飬Ļ飬Ľ飬顭
ӱⲻȡ
ΪΣ
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408 

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ıԣָıòϤҲ粻ֻɴһϮŵӵ۷

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м̨ڴ򣬵һٽ̨򶷡
ԪӤѾʤ̨ȡʸơ
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409 

ӱѧǰһλѪ󣬽ԼʸպãȭҾ֣Щӣλǰˣ
ͳֻƿصһ⣬ҳݡ
ֱֱض̨ϣǹȻлߣ˼ҲƾʵȡʤλԪӤһۣԪӤЦʵףھа
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ӱȭ¶млλǰ㣬ˡ
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ɽУ˵СŮһץһѡ
ԪӤʵѰˣ
ӱģصλҼñеý͵ţδҡԭϰͻȥξ겻ӰгǹһұѰ
ԪӤ飬ѰҳߵС㣬ⲻ島Ϲϵˣ˵ûܵ˸߿СѿõĻӰ

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410 

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ӱο𼱣һȡһСϹŷ̫ѣַýᣬʦԿ
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һߣСԳ֨֨ؽ㵸ңңң
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411 Ѱ

ԲԼģµƽƶɮĸаο
ӱſԲǣϸϸشһΪ
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412 ֪

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413 ˲

ӱ˵˵飬˿㰸ǰԼһӰľǰӱһƼ䣬ɼӴһһϣȻ˵ǣɴˣһ˴ᡣ
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414 

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415 ϴ鵤

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416 

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417 ֵ

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418 

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424 ʯħ

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431 ʥ

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432 ¶

ӱʣôߣ
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ŤͷԸĻӻǣ¶С׼õĿͷԤµĳʳ
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433 

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ֹСӱϽ˵ױݸϴȹҲֻǵƫԶŻô硣
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СУ˵ˣǧ껯Σǻᱻģ
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ӱС˯һΧŻ̳һȦһ֣Ъָ⣬Щ͵ռģѾ˿ռһ֡
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ӱͣ˽Ųһ
һֻݺɱǰ̧ɫſڸǰеصʦǲݺһ壬˵ʦƲ뵤ʦҽƲ
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437 

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439 

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440 

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466 

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÷Ѿҽ˿ڱǰ˿δڶ
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ףôи۵ӣ
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ţһʮ岽ϡ
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һǰٹ˶ʦµĵߵӣƣԭǸ¶ľ
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ʱüɳһϽɫĹâ
ˣڴҽ
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ӱ̫ʧϸģҽ꣬ҽɴҽ޹
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ӱһŤͷԱߵĪ̶ˡ
Ī⣬һǰһּС
ͤӱóһֻֻͼֽͰ͵ĪƳô
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ӱȥǰðҲ˽һ׮Ը
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꣬ôģǲ꣬ʱ׳ɹ
ĪһôһߴֻҰ˰ʱһ죬ȥ۳棬һ;ӺҲܺÿվԱ˾ҹصУҾͲŸҪѧ
ߵλңʮһ˾ŵ׽٣Ժҵһձһոãһ꣬ҵλʦߡλʦ֣һƣÿÿ;Ͼͻƺ˿ֻҪ絽ϣƷƷһϣҲֻƷ
ԭⶫꡣ
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ӱҪ꣬ͷ꣬ųһе̽괥һ˿ĪĻϲݹ
ĪĻһɲ֮䣬ֻصʱͷΣһʯͷһƯĳǵϻƳƯƣķ
ԭ۵ʯͷҲԱֵöı
ǵ桢ָܻΪ棬ܴĶþߡ·ܡ

һɲľ֮Ĵôø죬ͼֽٵعͷΡͼ
ôʲô
ΪʲôѧΪǿΪػҪػˡ
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467 Ʒ

ػ֮ػ֮ǣ
Ī̵ܵһΣ಻Լһöһöһִδй֮ƿｻ֯ƺ˿ڻԾ꣬Ѱ֪
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֪˶ãĪƺọֻ̲̃ס棬ƷǼƷҾ˼ƷǧԽվˣ
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Ϊҽˣӵҽ꣬ҩҩǵҲҩҽͨҽ꼴ꡣֽ⣺ϧػ꣬Ϊػ
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غƽ٣֮ǣ֪ܻꡣ
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ֽϵȷţĸԪӤʿλʥ桢桢һȺʦ۰ɱռ䣬Σ
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ֽѾͷΪҲ֪ɱռ䶯ֽţһɱռͻԶɱ
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ԷǰһѪŮ֪˶ٵҩɾûЧ仳أϲӡ
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̶һöӣֽơУ˻شͷСԺ塢ط˵Ƕ˵ĵӡֽսɫӣһ뻳ظС
ӱĪԶԶţӱֻ쳣棬ֽһ̶ͻһ̥ʶɨӣܼضһ̥
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гһֻǳЦȻǺԤġ
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زԼḧԼĸ˵ӡӾҪĸˣ
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ӱֵ⺢Ǹиġƣʹ˸ǣ
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468 

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ԭ½磬סˣռ
ڰٲݷ۵ҽǰһ磬ʯݵǣ㲻ôаƽС
ħ壬ħһô
Īһޣȷֵıǽξ޼λʿҳ֣ĹͣʿҪν𡣡
ͬħޣΪڴ۱ػһʱӦΪά壬ҲὫϣǰϰ̶֮ڳ֣Եۡ
ӱֵսޣǿɸӦˣ
ĪǰǴѪ֮޷Ӧڣ֪»ҩڵʥ棬ޣǾһ˸Ӧɾʹˡ
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ĪǴͬĴʿȻûӦɼ¾Ѱ
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469 

ħİһֻֻ꣬ۡǸȻŭ
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췢һŭһ£ʱŶ·ܾһĲҽУȴδţֱͷӶȥ
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ֵܵļ粻ԴǣС󣬻٣˵һ֣˵֣ɽ˵ôһ̫
Ԫʯϵ޵ˣҲϵĲ٣вȱԴ
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תӣĪ۳ǡޣ㽫дۼǣ㸺Ѱ塢һ쳣ֱӹħޡһ£Īסڣκһħޡ

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Īһʱ޴룬ӸתѰһŷɣѰѰȥӲûС
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470 

ĸʯ֣޴СµġǵΪ̫̫ͣЩʯ֮£Ǿ֣һԳɿռ䣬ʵ֮󣬼Ϊ򣬻ɸΪ뾫
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Ī΢üͷ޳ģǴܣҲһԲʮСɽ壬ôСĸ塣
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471 β

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472 

ء谮ǣȴҪ
дһӥһֻټİëӥӹգһһ棬µľַյӵдΪ
ʱԼڲݴУû˰ӥӰȴһŹֵĽһԼɵĺɫ߷ɴȥ
ʲôһƴ򵽸ֲ˵ͬʱӥλỹаɣ
ţֻһХһֻξ޴ͻڸһһġ
Ƿʲôˣôλ
໡
һǺһֻɫڸ䴩
ͻսضҪӮ㡣

Ϊ֪
ӥɽ߾Ͳزμˡ
˭ˣҲǾƲ
һЦһɽٷƹһֱ壬Ƶø塢ʯתƮɢͻأֻһɽϳһҫ۵Ľ⣬סĿ⣬Ǹ͸һŮӣһµŮӣǳ̵ȹµ٣΢˫ڳ˯񡭡
ˣΣգʱΣ׷Žȥ
ΣߺӣҶ᱾ˣ
˿һֻˣ˵ģ
ӥ΢žͷֻΪߵе˵һˣ˭˵ģҵġ
ɽͬһɽԭϲʲôˣ뼸úܵ⣬˷Ǳġ
˫ǵ⣬˵Լģʹһ˭һ˭õˡ
ͻͬɣֻҪˣΨһһʤģһǿߡ
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ӱסʶʯɽذļλ˿֪һ򣬲֪ٸʯ꣬еĻеı䵽½ϡ
һȺֻǵôӮ˭ǲ˭ûӮģȻûǾͼǺһһǿߵսϡͿšš
һη֣ףԭҲǿߣҲһܴӮˣܴӮΪ˶ܷ䣬ΪһͻҴˡ
ͻȵ°ܽ㻹еսң
ҹʱˣҿǴӮ
һ˳
˵ǵôûǴҵ°ܽɽŴɽùƶңϧɽ
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ةҲ˵ˣûУⲻһս˰꣬ԺýˣϹơ
ӥ¼һŸƨ֪ˮǱˣʥǱˣķȱɽצʯͻı鱻ᡭ
һƣڳپúûӣ粵˵˵
ӥ¼ٷ˸ۣӥķʥҲˡ
ԭöӣһʱ̬پƽ⣬ԭһù
ةһˣ⼸ʱǸͷ
彫Ҽܳɵһưոݡ
ֲʤ֣Ӯԭ
ս
ӥҲʾǿеĺսӡ
аɽͻһûûˡ
˭룬ֲ˵Ҳǿߡ
ֻ¹ƶôʱսҲǿˣֱҲûſ¡
һӵս״Լǿߣ˵ٻһƬ
սҲʾ
ةഭŴ˲ˣҲ˲£ίʵû˼
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顪
һ죬ӥһצķɡ
ӥ𣺡
ˣӮ˺üλ
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ҵȻ
ҡҡλεͻضŰӥһڶҺӥ㲻һҡڸϡ
ȭͷͻӥ
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ⶾ֮һʤ
ڵӱ޳˵ռ䣬õеʶ֮Уһʶ𲨣һʱ󷽲ƽ
ڿռ޳ռ䡣
ӱ˼һתȻܹ˵ѳɴңһ޳ԼӦĿռʵ
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473 

ܵĹϰѣڼ˳죬γһɷ籩統ᵤһ㣬Ȼⲻǵǿռ䣬ɵĵ죬γɵĴ½һڣһףб֮״
ˣ
ϲ
룬ߵأ졣
ΪأΪ죻ΪأΪ졣
ӱת꣬뵤˳ʶһ֮£Ƭ
ȡιء
ſ˫ۣ̰زռʯʯٵؼ٣ɻҽޡ
֣ٵؼ٣Եɽ˱Ϊɳ֮״
ͻԾÿ죬Ҫȥﺰţ˭Ĺ
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λ
Զһζɽɱ˵ڽеһǿҴɽĶˣ
Ы½ϣʱΣң̫֣еһǿȻ֪ͨЫ
ǷƲǻľҽǼʶʶҶһǿߡ
ӥˣǴһٶ꣬ڸΪǲ֪Ǿǳˣڵĵһǿߡ
ͻΪȻ
ɽǵĵһǿߣӴ򣡡
ʱλ˹һһս
Ҫˣһˣ˭Ҳˡ
ةԴλһضȻ˲ᣬıǺüģûǧ˰ǻָӴ
ӱĻռ䳤ʮٱָʾҪֲʶûռʳռ䣬ˣʶһвԼ
һδεʵ飬黯ʵβȻᳵ·
ɵǿ̣աأ󡢵졣
ڣľ㹻ǿ˳⣬ǧ֮ң¿Խе֮ڡ
ӱʶɨӻҺʣ࣬λռܳɣҺ˴󹦣ʣµҪɲݣǵε
ȡһСƿСڣԪӯպƿӣʶֻͷ󺰣ˣˡ
⿪У޷ǡǴ˽
ܴ͸꣬һֱŮǺˣΪһ仰η壿
ӱһɨܣҵĸ죬̼ǵж֣ʣɶˣҲ˵ĶȺˡ
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أӱһ֣ץסͻһȭߣҲҪúƽûɶܣҵĸʯȫˡ
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Ǹˣ
ӥĻû˵һץץס˰ӥקֱӰëףëƺϵ
ӥʱˣŮίʵ̫ǿ¾ͽһֻëӥ
ӥëӱ۾һߵĺԣԣнǣûСء
ŵöӣҵƤãҵƤá
Ƥãϵĺڼײһף
˵˵ɾ͸ɡ
ӱסͷקף۵˻ѷεĿء
úõԲҪðʲôѧ˴ܣѹ̵ĸ帡ʯˣ֪ƬҵģҵġҴڣҶҵĶ
ƬƬڼ׷裬һƬ
ˣԼһɫƤëᱻƤգ
Ыɽ뵽ҲмףҪǱˡ
Ӱ
һٿܡ
Ȼûӹͻ֣ƯκֺһȭߣЫβɽĳݣȡˡ
ӱؿʣµļסǵȥб𣿡
ʲô
ʣǴҵĸ塢ǲΪ²Ҫ⳥΢΢һЦҪô׳ҪôǵƤߵ٣ÿһɱޡ
ŵöӡ
΢΢Ӵȡһźʯͷ⡭㡣
ӱӹֻ֣Уʯ⡭⡭Ƿ֮Ļɵʯͷ˽Īзˣ
ӱǱСǣǰɣˡ
̫ײУһ˴ˣҰļףȡЫβδɽĳݡΰӥëɴ򲻹ֻñƽ
ϱͻƽԼĴͳһĶ
һѽô˽ƣسޡ
д˵ȱ˷ģ˽Ī
ӱɽ
˴ŮĿɲֹһⱻȡסëλˣ뵽˴ͳղıһƯı顣
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474 

Ƿۻɵı飬շ֮ʶ챦
ʶ飬ʶţʶݡ
⻰ɴ˶
ӵз֮ͻһ˫ʶĻۣ£ܿ١
ӱţסΰӥ𣬻˿أۣתȥűγ˹İӥίʵÿ͸ëļ࣬׳ҰӥΣ
ӥһΪڣûˣʹڸ߿շС
Ů˻棿
ӱͷ棬棡
ӥûӥʹò
ӱ˵ûؽӥ˹
ӥȡӥ𣬾ӵ˷ֻƬ̵Ĺӥ³ϣȡ׸ӱһѤëɫͷԪ㡣
˵Ҳ֪һ
ӱ˰֣ʾӥ뿪
һͷͻϡ
ֻǱһ٣ò㶪ӥŶأôһ룬ͻƽˣԹȡ˱ӱ
ԼŮҪСԸϡ
ӱ΢΢ףһۻ
ӴȡһǣӨ͸бӹ·ɫˮɷƯ
ӱӹʣҲ֪ǡ
Щ֮ǶĶģ
ϴġ
ӱֵƬ塢ʯģҵĶסô
ǡסˡ
ĸʯΪǴˡ˵ģǲ֪ô£ͻȻԪԼɻҵġ
˵ŮһҪᡣ
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Ыɽȴߡ
ǵЫβݻء
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ϱЫβͻˡ
Ыͳһ֪ʯͷƳɵ׸Ůı
кǿԪŨŨ
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ӱЫβЫȡضһӻβϣҰƵˡ
ɽΪݣֻóһģ֪ǺĶ
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Զ׼λɵʯͷ
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ûԶ
Ů͸źš
ӱЦЦ¾ǰЩ嶼ˡ
ȫֵıȥ⼸ٴһأʲô塢ʯʧ
һʱ󣬸ֿտյеʯͷûһ飬ȻƬȴһĸ
ӱ䣬ȴ䡣
Ҳ
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游Ͻӵߵӵݣǲҹ̽Ů˵ŮأȥٻƽԭŮ
ӱһѽС§ڻ㿴Щ̫ɶڸֱչȴЩ嶼ˣ޷չء
СӱĻůĻŶ͵Ů
ӱʣιģ
ͬĺǼӱסβĽҲ뱻ǴӰٻƽԭ߹ġ
мֻ걼˹Χӱߡ
ңңһͷİ˹ŮٻֶŮһġ
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ȡһֻۣһף
ڰеʱֶԽ棬ЩģҲۡ
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һоβة࣬ΪڵŮٻͳź£Ů٣ǰλҲӺŮ٣
ٻƽԭ嶼֪ϽһΪĴӣҪǴţӴ˺ҲԷϽ硣
βһأͿʼţ游үүǻˣŮˣǽˣ
ӱۣһӭ˹Ҿ񣺡βݼŮ
žββڰشӱβ壬Ϲ֮һ
񲻶
ӱ񣡴ȥĪ
ţֻ֪ιʣƲɡ
ӱ΢΢üƵĲǺ
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ΨһϹ֮
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475 

ӱϸ룬·ɣȥƣ
棬ȻĪǾǼ٣Ƶóš
Īʧܵš
Ī
̧ͷЩƣ˫͸Ѫ˿ˣ
αչжã
ҲûãҲٶꡣ
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ʱӦľһġ
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ӱǼٵġ
ͺһǵȥˮģˮ֮УǼٵģ
ӱ˵һӣһǾͳǰûкβͬϢϢ
յЩţ磬ǾȻǣʵɶ񣡿ɺޣ
ĪԱ֮£Ȼ֪ӱûĲġ
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ӱЦڱչأŸִܵܣѸ帡ʯˣҳ֮󣬽Ǹһ٣һԵۣι˰ӥȫëЫβ͡˴׵ݡ
Ǽŵòᣬҵĸ֣ôܲ⳥㶫ҸǣҪóۡӥЩñ
Ǿʱµı
Ҳԣ
ѹȥʱһֻûš
˰죬Щȫ۵ִܡ
β΢΢һЦддţ춼ǣ֪Ůɻз˵Ĺ𡣡
ֻǸһƯëҼˡ
ȡ˷
Īӹ⡭ķ֮𡣡
ЩȻżٱ汦˼Ҷš
β͵ʵЩֻǿΪŮʰһ٣Ƿѣ¡
ķˣô˲ˣϾе両ŮҲԸó
ӱʣĪҪҰæ𣿡
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ӱʵܰæģյ˷ġۣ˵շ֮ܿ٣ǽԼںϣӵһġ
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ӱֱչˣûֱչˣһ䲻̫Ҳ㲻Ĺұչأ⹬㹻
ͷƲٴηʶ
շ֮õʱԶӱԤϡ
ٴαչغʮ꣬Īƺţ˼أչδš
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ԾΪ磬ֶΪʬ֮֮ˮΪʬ֮
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˫˫ڵĴҡ䵽˼䣬е½ڣ½ءһǽ䵽ģ޷Ƭ½ڣֻƮǶ
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ֻˣȴյˣһƬĿհ֮ء
ӱʶתʵۣ֮иԽԽߣߴķ֣ڸֵ򣬻Ƭ½Ƭ½һ㣬СֻһС
ջʵ֮ۡ
ȡʯ׼ںϷġ
һĪһۣɲء
Щӣ̤磬֪ϲ滨ݣڲ٣ǵ嶼ΪΪ׷׽صϡ滨ľҲһټĻ԰
ľǺǵ⣺ϲǻľ
˵ˣţͻȥϽ硣
ǣ˵ǴǺȥϽ硣
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»
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ӱ磬磬һ硢һǾޱ磬һããˮ磬мסˡ
β˴ŮҪԶ
ӱĽһ˽ϡ
ĪҾ֣صʩһ񣬡»š
΢΢һЦҵһչƯָ֮һźɫʯεܾѪ
ĪʶôӱǸж
ӱ﻽ʯͷξѪ
ȴ
ĪҪƴǣίʵƴǲˣҲҪġ
ӱţͽҰɣ㲻չ
Կ㿪š
ӱִʵݡźڣ
βȣݡ̧ţ
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476 

⣬ݡѾڷټƽԭϡ
и嶼ˣεġûεģεءӱֻһӣӹݡʧ٣һԾڿнһһ׵ÿһʶһϹŷ
һգһա
һ£һ¡
һ꣬һꡣ
Ŵݡ
ĪһǶţҪʯ
ӱȡţżݵߴ˫ַɿ־ţһдʣ˳ֻؾҵ֮ͬʱС
ౡ
໡
ɳһһ֮ڶ󻶳֮УϵӱĪӣɶʹ˽Ͻ磡
ٻƽԭϣڵϣŮˣ
ĪͣβһϽ磡ͣľ˷Ͻ磡
磬ʱк˸β˻أβ§ס˾β
ˣԽԽϣһһȥ
ţĪͳһƬ𣬡ǱϽ磬Ŵ𣬻д۹ݼۡתۣ½Ľ磬ѿһţ򿪣Իȥ
תۣУ¹ң֮磬Ϊ̫ӡ
ߵգ˸أ½ȢӣҪ̫һְ
һֱ̫֮λţ硣
Ҳϣֵ֮飬ǳӣ۶Ҫϸ񣬱ĸҲݣöӽ̵
վö⣬̫ӣҲԼҪߵ·
βӹҾֵϳὫۡ
Զβϲغ游ߣȥϽඣ
һ壬СһٶˣеĻΣеĻǺꡣ
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½磬Ż󺰣±Է
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磬
ˮ̽Դ֮гֵݡţһϮµŮɵô˸Ůίʵ̫ǿ뵽εƬңҲ
ɷϽ磬ֻܲʲô
˼ʱ򣬲֪Ѿˮ档
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֯һԼԽԽԶˮŶԭҲԷˣ󣬷ֳӼ̳֮λҪϽǡ
ˣ
ɽŴɽǻߣǳһĽɽ
ˣϽˣȥˣ
ϽҲޣˣҪɣ⻹ԶءСǲ֪Ǿ÷ɡ
λ½ڻ֮С
ٻƽԭӱĪ滨ݱأĹ֮С
չ֮ʱ磬ҩժ룬СƼΪƫЩ滨ݣѰ͵
İͱ
Щ͸ģ
ǴգڣᰮʲôݣֻϲĬСᡣ
滨ݵСʹǺеǲУҲ滨ԴԴϵرͽ
ӱһ԰Χ滨ҩݣְֲƬƬڣγһټԲȦ
ⶨǻľֲ
ʵĪ˵ռľҵľΥ˼գ
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Ļľġġ
䲻⣬ƿأҲʡࡣ
ĩˣִȤռϽԪΪ㣬ȥҲǵ컯
гһգɡЩľҲɣΪظۡ
ӱЦЩ͵Ļľ
ϢģϽŮ绨ľ֮͡ԣѡʮľضľŮ
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477 շ

Īһ׮£԰ѹѡĻľǴ壬нׯ峤峤ţһֻֻľһ׵Ĵ磬壬ŶӵȺѡ
ǰ磬Ůˣؤ״ըͷɼĪ֮Ż׵Ĵ磬һɷ糱Ůء塢ˬϴ硣
ĪڸߴĬؿƽԭĻľ
ӱʣ㽫Ƕټˣ
߹ҪĻľԽԽãľáͣƬ̣伸֧嵭Ļľתβ壬Ǿ飬ʳ޳ס
ޣǾ顣
Ҳ
⣬ҲټлľС䵽˵ԭ
ĪȡһƬһӣʱƬڿдԺ󣬵õߣѡ춴ɸ顣
ټȺﾲ˽ͷ죬ܵõһöơ
ãתëȻ仯öƣ䵽λ峤峤Īѡһ磬ʰװЯ빬ݼ
ӱĪڵĻľ廨塢塢塢УǻľΪǳļҡ
ʣĪȴܣˣɽȣϸҲǳĺãӼͣڻľѧϽ
ߴ㡢̣´ࣻɴЩ黨ݣ޷ݻѧЩı¡
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գ֧ѡĻľżˣˣĪش˶ģһаˣٵһӣֻöʮˣҲˡ
Ī˶ʮӣ˶ʮŮŮӸŮѧϰѧϰ书
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ӱˣ˸磬һƯͤͤӵľͷܿɽ壬ƣڻľ´ϲʱŶӽ볤ȡ
ŮµֱͨӴɸ֮·
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ĪһɣЩƤ֮࣬ɸ
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ʶ֮ڣ󺣵Ǽ죬ԶԶСһ̬죬һһƬ½½黨ݡ
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»ڣʷĵһս֧ľΪԴʯֱܾ֮ǲףԭƬ½ͲȱʯֻҪǸɺ˻ʯǲȱġ
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478 

ĪչΣҪڵѪ
ӱһ
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479 ɴ

ҪҩһڻؾǺεȵɿЦɵڣҲɵ٣ٳٲұչؽ
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ĪԭǴ񣬵˴˽ֵ֮õǰĴڴ˽ĴУרڴš
չʱӱһڴ磬ҩʯ޴ʳʯȼߣǼˣԽ»
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ӱؿź棬ϡ֮䣬ʲôƲʣַƲʡ
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ĪʵҲ븶ꣿ
һڷ̽ϰصǸǶٱꣿ
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һһǧ顣
ͳ۹ÿʮʮö飬˰ɡ
׵¶֮ɫ
һǧö飬ǵ˽һߵĺɾ⼸ˣ֪Ҫʲôʱء
ڷŮݳۣжŮ֮幫ӣһǧͰǵĻˣҾá
ڷһͷǴӶĺ޲Żϲ飬ٸӣǰѺЩһˡ
һǡǸ׽Ĺ
ڷŮûõΪ꣬ǰҲûʲô˵ˣǵС˶ôɣҪԼָɻñЦ
׵ľеƬ⵺ģֻҪǰǰѺɴ׵ɾҡԸǧö顣
ӱδ˵
ĪҲ̽˵أϤ
ǧö
Ͻ磬ٳ֣ﾹô࣬ൽĳˡ
ڷŮ⵺ɱǵĺˣк׵ĻӸˡ
׵Ƭ̣ǧö飬Σ
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480 

Īˬ죬֪ûϽ飬ҪϽ顣
ʱС˵΢΢һ
Ͻǲ˵ģǺôĿ
С˵磬ǣ֪Ͻ鲻ˣǻҪȻǴĽס
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˵Ǻɳ̽Ǩ·ߵģȵǨ㻹֪أܲ´󺣣ɢġ
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Īش޵һҲֻ֯һĸ˵ǰ˸Ϊͣһ֯ʮϰټȡֻǺ֪ιʣǾͱһֻ֯һֻ֯µġ
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ӱʹ˸㽫Ƭɴ˷ɴһ̵УϵƣƵϵĻаɫлɫ֯ɴ˵ĵȼͬ֯ɴҲβ롣
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ڷŮ˸ۣһǲм˵һֻ֯һɴ֯ɴҪǶ˲Ųм˳ɻ顣
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481 Ů

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ζˣгģСģлεģεģ׷šţҫ⣬ɫġɫġɫġɫġɫУһ⣬ûзϽ׵飬Ͻǳɫɫġ
ӱĪ˺桢ףñˮ˺棬ͿԶһȺˡ
׵һɵˣ˵ֻΪͣרɨ桢׵Ļ
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ǰѰٵһİ£׺Ϊ˱סԼļ֤ͥԼǿ󣬶˴ܡ
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Ī˴Ҳãߺߵصӡһҹ
Īȵ˭ϡӣˣһƥƯɴңҪ֯ġ
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482 

ֻҪ飬Ů˶ʱˣ̫ˣʱЦһЦµȻϽɫġ
ӱһգϽɫ飬ʱá
ɢ˵ĹΣеԪɢӱϡԶһȳղ˭ڿ
ϣӭźվһŻˣģԼʮ꣬Ȳ
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˳ŵԽȳ
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483 ֯

Īӱ鵺ڴ˽һ
ӱôɴ˽ıв٣ΪռһЩ
Ǻѡֿø˴һռ䡣
ӱһµҲգǾʹ˵¼ǵôѶҡ
һкٳȻȥ
ӱۺǺ棬ϽвıɣԽᶨ뿪˽˼
ӱԶһȡˮס
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е굺ʱԽܼļˣСֻ߰ˣһ˵Ĵ亣УɴһøӲӡȫעر֯ɴ
̧ͷһŮԼ΢ȣʱ֯úˡ
˵ֻҪ֯ɴԻŮ˰ĽѰҶԷһŮ
ӱûƹ֯ɴģº棬Ƶø棬ܿͷ˵Ĳͬɴ֯ԽԽ죬Ҳ֯ԽԽƷҲڿٵؽ
ץһɴҲ֯ģ
ͷǺ֯ɴ͸İˡ
ӱʣɴ֯ģ
ٶȵͷ
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Ҳˡ
ɣ壿
أǸŮ
ӱ֯ɴɴԭԼƤϵҺ֯ɴҺҲһԪѪѹڳ֮ǰ޷һֱͣ֯˭Ҳܲˡ
ԼˣԼʱĪأĶˣ֯ɴҲ֯ѽ֯ӱͷеɴڽסϽסɽס
վԱߣȻ֯¡
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˵ϢǱҪҵ
һԵһλŻŮȻ󻹸λŮ
ŮѰϢʱ۾͸ɽɴǾˡЦ䡣
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ӱָһ裬ӯȻһѹס˻ŮĽһȭߡ
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ת˼ȦһѽԳƹĻŮ˺棬˿Ůɳ˺棬ɵ˿УɵӰ
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ǣö֯õģԼֻҪɽ׵ɴͺá
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΢΢̧ͷɫɬǲ󷽡ģô¶ɫһס
ף֡
ӱɽ׵ɴίʵ㲻úÿӦࡣ
㡭ö֯ɴ
Ƭ̣ꡣ¶ʧִꡣ
ΧһƬ
֯һƥõɴ͵Ŷ
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ӱɲ֯ꡣ
ңûҪ֯õİ
˲Լ֯ɡ
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484 

׵֯Ĵ֯һƥҲһ࣬˲ô֯ﻹ
ӱö⣬ȡһľǴӴѰõģŰ֯ĴСһľͷ÷ľͷȭͷСȡ˿̵֯
֯һ£һºӱͿ̳֯ĻЩټ죬ӱˣʽȰ׵ĻҪɡ
ӱһף֯ĻСڻ԰УѧŰ׵һ־ʹӰ׵ϳȡ˱ճҺⶫÿٵص÷Ļĳ˿ߡ
һ㵵ؿŻ԰ŮΪʲôȡԼϵճҺ뵽ָӹԼʱĸо΢ճҺٷࡣ
ӱȡ˷֮󣬰׵Щ԰ס
ȡһöҩУ԰׵ݻָѪɫ
ӱȡǰõִгά֮˵Ҳȡÿɴһ֯¡
ϳ˿˿Ӧֵܵҵķգö⣬˳ҵһղɣգִº󣬷񻯳Һ̬˵õ˿أ
ûУֻҺ塣
ôΪʲô˿ճҺ塣
ӱ΢΢ü˲Уֻý˵ճҺҺƳ˿ˡ
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׾ԼԵĶأ֮һɴδζһʳ嶼ʹľ
ٵתŷĻںϵҺﻯ˿ߣֱ˷߼ܶ˿ߣֻһ߼ܣٴν˿߹
˵ٶȣΧǾĿɿڴ
ǵܷĳɵߣŮֻ˼ʱһַߣһֻſľϢĻ氾ŴճҺȡ˰ϵճҺǿֵľͷɵġ
ĳ˿ߣӱȡǰ˿ߣǵһ֯ɴ֣ö⣬˿֯ϣѧŰ׵֯ʼɿת
ⲻ֯ǻָֻ֣һ֯Ϳٵҡ֯ɴٶȿ˲֪ٱ
ԭϽŮͨɵķߣֻüʱһ²֯磬ֻƬ̾ˡ
죬ǵģ֯һĳֻ죬һƥɽɴ֯ȣΪϸܣҲʵ
ӱɴһƥظΧ֮̾
ɴ
Ҫ͸
ǵĴͳ
ӱ֯õɴպãȡһ˰һ̣΢΢һЦףԹӡ
׿Լɴٿ˼Ѿ֯ꡣ
˵꣬ѾٶȣŮӴӷߵֻ֯˰졣
ˣȴ˻֯ɴ
ӱߺϳɵ˿֯ϣһּס֯ʼɿת
һΣϴθо飬ʱʱ׳ÿ֯һߣúҵзաƣһ˰£Ϊ֯ƥ޶Уǵģɴ޶С
֮֯ȡһֻƿͷҺǹҺǺɫģüʱ󣬽޶ȡɫ޶б˺ɫ
һɫʯͷ״ĶУʱеˮ͸ɫʯͷȡ־ͳ˴ɫҺ塣
޶ٴУ˼־ȡ޶ʱڶоͱУЦЦֽɫʯͷУδʯͷҺɫ
óһֻƿﵹһƿɫҺ壬ٷУһ߽Ҫ뼸ʱȡ޶У޵Ĵɫ
Χ۵ǿ棬ˮһ飬ֱ̳ɫ
˿һƥƯ޶ڲͣرɫӰɫɺɫɫɫɫǳϡɫɫǳɫɫ
е޶ٶȱ˰ɫʱʼȹƵ˿õǷĳϵߣӱƺúȡƬǴδƯëĳ˾ɫ˿֯ȻͼյʱǺƣ֮˼ƾƾϢˣƯĻƣȥƣ˾յʱβƣȥβʱÿơ
ԽԽԺʵڲϽŮȾһɫȴҪȾɫ㣬ǵĺıġ
һ֯ɴİ׶ŻϵĶעӱ
֮ӱƯһף䵽ϣѾˣת˸ǳϺƣһת̺ƣһתɫƣһתβơ
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485 

֯޶оȻɫɫܱóͬĻ
ҼƯɴ

ԶǰĻŮʱͱƯò񻰵Ѹˣһң˼۰ɡ
ӱӻǵ
°ôôˡ
ŮҪ黹ɴ
ӱʵҲ
ЦǼȥĿľΪ˷Լĺҵôʱ뾫ƺãٸߵļ۸Ҳ
һϽ飬һǧƥϽɴΣ
ӱЦļ۶µһͷ
ƾóһ񣬡֪Ǻ
ⶫľͷŮϲá
ΨɽУǮ񶼲ϻȥļʮΪԼ𡣡
ӱ˿ΪԼƵ£ԼҪã˭˺ķѲϡ
ŮһĽضӱϵ¡
Ů֯ɴµļ̫ߣߵֻӵһӣԱɫڿʽ£һܴ
ӱֵҪƯѣѰ˽õĲϣҿΪƣֻҪϺˣó
ŮȫԼģһŮԸԼ£˫ڣģԸΪ£
ӱΪϽ֮ˣûҪ˵ٻҡһʦؼ¡
Ůȫţֻһ£ֻͻϲ
ҪʲôĲϣ
Ҳ˽綼ЩϣѰǺʣԻΪ¡
ŮͷǰƯ£Ҿֵڴ˵ţعԺȡõĲնٳͣ
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˵С룬Դ廨
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Լ·ǳ⣬ֻһôȻһ
ӱΪԼټһεʽǰΪǰƮΪˬɫҲˬ
ƺˣŮ
ʱʱһۣ֯֨֨ڵػζš
ԱˣͰ׵Ļ͵ġ
ʱ磬ȡɽ˿ĪԼշԳżһۡ
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׶ƺõӳۣԽԽţԼ
͵أĿӣ׵ˢһºˣһ죬ͷڳճҺӱ־ճҺͷɵǰٵط֯ߡ
ףôˣ
ִһ̣ӱֲһճҺ
廹أϷߵճҺܷ֯ߣ֯˿С
ףϲĹ֯ɴ͸˹ģ
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ٿףִ˼ֲ԰ס
һΣԥطöҩȥ
ӱ֯һƥɽɴɲŮ
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׾úһƥû֯꣬Ѿ֯ƥˣٶȿ嶼Ѱ͵ĹѵϽŮ͡
ӱɴ͸İĹһܴģֻǡһ£ԶһʦҡҰѲ϶Ѱˣ㿴Ƽ
ŮЯһгĶ飬ÿﶼϡŹֵĲϣëб顢ɺбʯľлݡкƤ
˵ĶͲϣһˡ
ȷⲻǰչµģ
Ů˷ܵص˽ѰĲҶˣʦ㿴ֻҪõϵģ㶼£һҪһƯ¡
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ľǺľǺ׵Ļݡ
ӱеĲһ£˳Ҳһˡ
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486 

ŮӦãһת󼸰˵Ķ߸ĸҪڴ£һºͻȥϽ£ңҺܿͻȥġ
Ī
ΪᵽĪ
ŮĪˣѹϻأ˵ͻȻ֮ˣԵô
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ŮŮŻ԰æµӱõɴáƣֽʯ鰾ճҺ
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Ůؿڣ۾ֳһ졣
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ӱһȹӦͷΣŮ⡣
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ŮҪ뿪ͻػعʦɲٸƳôȹˣ򢣬Ĺ飬һĸҲµġ
ӱҺܿҪ뿪ˡ
ŮءһЩ⡣
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ãһ䣬ŮβԶȥ
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ӱЩ죬˴̫ƽһ£û밢˵ĺã㡭֪ԼǾ˰ɣ
סˡ
ˡ˵£е塢һʵǿԿƽʵֻֻǿȨĶ
ӱʵԸȥɺϽһɺд󺣡е죬ҲˣԸ⣬ҿļ˻˹ȥ
ʣȥĶǲǾܾ㡣
ӱ˽벻Ҿô֮أǡ
׼ûϸ룬Ѱ
ɺϽ磬ȥǶԾλӣҪȥ㸸ײȥҲҪȥġ
Ȼ븸ĸʱĸ⣬˵ǰһӵȥϽɺ
ĸ׵ôҲ᣿
״ԴˡˣǶȥա
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׵Ĵ˴жٶˣʵԭֻһˣֻݵݡѵѣ˺Ŷ˵ģӱҲûƽϣͤţֲһ󣬽УǲŶȥ
ǽԼϲĶˣЦ
һֵĶ̫Щ˾ԼУﻹҲ״ݡ
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һģһ˴ӵŮˣӱĲԶӷģҵһ˫Ůȥɺա
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ԭŮĸױǾˣǲãͱ˸ˣ˹ǿȥõĸΪ˾Ȼ˹ɱˡ
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Ů˵ӣȥɣˣûɻӻС
ӱǵĹ£²̣ԽãþϮĸ׵ѪҲһֻˡ
ӱ˿⿪˽磬һС
Աߵ˼ƣкüģӱֶ˽ȥ
ˣӱʧռڡ
һӣǰĿռСУ˸绤ס֮ϴССĺ٣еֽЩС
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Ƕ½ϰٻʢȤܿ췢ﻹлľһ壬ǴɴƳɵƯȹ˴֮仹ʯס
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ռ䣬ںһЩӡ㡢׵ĻľɺȥȫǸװ㺣磬Щп
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487 ֯ɴ

һ뱱·λ֮Уίʵ⺣׵̫࣬ǵ㣬·ҹյǳһ㡣
һֵسŶڵӴԽԽˣǵ游ʱεȵͣԼͥԺʱôӣ
һԣһ˵صүү˵ˣЩ鲻ᣬһ꣬ȻͻɺʧҪɨ
ԭЩʱ䳤ûᣬȻữɺ࣬ع󺣡
һŮ˵ЩӣǴ󲮡ᣬҪɨҲ
ֻʲôã÷ĹﻹǱ˴ˡ
岻סģԹֵ˭
˵ѧ֯ɴٹЩ꣬ҲȢˣ㲻֯ɴȢޡ
Ů˵ص˵ˣҳƯֻŶõɴȢ
ӱ⺣еӹһЩ껯Ϊ඼ǣԼȡһЩ
ûɴ鷺ˣ仹вٵϽ飬ڶƲģɼ޲νûе
˵Ȣޣͻ˻˵ɳǱߣϰס
ŮʱµҲŲҪڱطҪȥдƯ·֯ɴˣҲҪҲҪ绻ޣ
̾һβͬඣ˵Ѿ˴ԽϿȢ߱ŮˡԵӾ㻻ģѽͱġ
ƺΪһõ⡣
ı䱻ף͵Ȱ֯ɴ޺޺³ԷΪˣǲȱжݿԳʳ⴩ȴǴ⡣֯ɴĸŮԸޣ
Ůҧгݡ
ӱʱ䣬±䣬˾Ȼ˶Ӧ֮ߣǵİҲڱĥ𣬴ͳĶҲڷı䣬ףŻеģڱѾˡ
ӱ˸׵ʧ
ڶıɴڱȴ顣
ɴ࣬ȴѵü׼ϵģǰסơɴǱߵСҲ贩ֵȼģĨʸûУ֯׵ģǵ׵Сˡ
ڱ࣬Ͻ洦ɼȴһƬ׽ɴӰ
ӱȡƬ׵飬һͳ˼ʮΰס׵ɴ
ŮΪԼۻˣղŻô۵ӣͲˣ˴ɴɴƮöɴ
ӱͲˣûɴֲԸԼ֯ΪʲôԸԽϿȥĺռ㹻ɴ
УͿ׳һ䷻С
˸ɴɴһƥ׽ɴʮöϽ飬һƥƽɴöϽ顢һƥȽɴһǧöϽ顣
ڻɴС̯ǰ˳ӶŮˣﶼһֻǡ
˵ͷż꣬ｨ˺׷˵Ȣˡ
꣬զûأ
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ͷĴޡޡ޴ÿÿ϶ɴ
ޣаĽ٣£Ů˲ͣضߺȵۣ˴һϮϽɴһģͷϻһϽɴҲһϽɴӡ
ЩɴڶֵǮ
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˵ЩͷԣȢޣȴȢλ
ӱ׺ܹؼ¶Σѧ˵ģȽ׵ɴɴɴһƥ׽ɴʮöϽ顭
ⲻ˵ļ۸ɲܱ˻ߣ𹫷ߡ
ԶһֵŮˣһŮҡҡˣŮˣҪɴ۸⡣
۸֮ӱԥһȻָͷǧϽһƥɴ
Ļ䣬Ůһж٣ҶҪˡ
ӱһ֣˶ʮƥɴ
ŮһŮ˵˾ʲô
Աߵ˺òۣŮǲɵģƬǧϽܻһƥȻֻҪǧûˡ
һŮˣǴƬĹˣ˵
ʱŮһˣӱһֻǵϽ飬ȡ߶ʮƥɴ
Ů˼ǹߺӭ˹ʵɴôҡҪһƥǧϽ顣
ӱ˵ͷְ˼ƥ
ʱɴˡ
ӱ૵һ֯ɴҪģ׳ϣҴΪ֯ɴ֮֯ҳɴҰƷۼ۵Ķɼ۸񡣡
֮ʱʱ˱˹֯ɴ
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488 ֯

ӱһͷ
˵ҡҳϣ֯ɴ
ӱһͷȡ˷ĳ֯ںãһߣ˸־ȡϵճҺߡ
Ѿģһ￴ϵճҺм㣬峵ߣȻܹճҺ
ǲɴˣΧӱߡ
ӱϵճҺڷĳ׺ߣһڷĳϣĳ㿪ʼתٶȼ졣
ӱãȡճҺĳߺ󣬵ȽĸߣȡľȭͷСֿĳ֯
ºֶһ֯һܷĳ̨еٶȸˡ
һº˿ƥϵȵɴƥףƥϽף۾ԡ
лݣǧϽ顣
˵˵ͷƥɴϸŮ˴ˣһȢӣƥȥף϶ܳɣˬظ顣
˵һ׮⣬˵ڶ׮׮
ӱƬúܣһܡܣӵʮܷĳʮ֯󣬲ҪԪʯ档
ÿһ׮ͻỽԷ֣ɳͨɴˣƥɴǸǧϽƥǸǧϽƥ
˵ƥҡҸǧϽ顣
ӱɴ顣
Զϵ˿źֵ龰
ŮӴӺζ
û֪Ʒĳ֯㿴Ļеֻʯͷȥܶ֯һƥ졣
˿ŮӣܽЩеԼ⣬ս
һͼŮ̧˹΢΢һЦˮˣ֪кδͽ̡
һϵң
ӱصĻƽǿ֮ƣβϵã
˵һ䣬ӹһɱ
ӱָһ㣬ʱ޷
ˣᣬܽһ١
һչָߵס˻ƽʺǲǾҵǰϣֻǸԷһһףʵԼĲࡣ
һΪǿˣԽܾΪɵһ´꣬·ǰľһ⣬½ǧ꣬ޡݡ޵ⶼΨǧһδԹ
ƽһŮǱ飬˵½֣ѲǴϽҪʳˣҡɾһ
ӱϵؾܾѰƵۣҾͰʳǧ⣬ģ
ɣƤҵһҲóԡ
ҪŮӵʲôΪúÿֻž壬֫ʹ
ӱŵòᣬ͵һ֣ϡ
ңңʹ㿾šųԡ
ƽӵһؿͬļλˡ
Աߵ˿ӱɵõľáˣ
˶Ⱥӵģʧڴ󺣣һʧޣΨбʳ³
ζԺĪ
ӱصΪǧ˳ûã͵רǧϵĲźá
ʱ˿ûã˼ֻƽͭĴǿǻǧġ
ɨһۣһ̨þĻеһʯмգҾҪ뿪˵ˣԸһ̨֯ǡ
һ͵ŮʵñʯԶ֯ɴı
ӱǻȥתҿȫ塢ȫ˴Ǯ򣬵ʱ۸ߵá
֯ǾͲûѴ
֯֯ϸܣƯȻˡ
գʡ
ӱԭ˵ˡ
뿪죬Ƽˣλȥɴˡ
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һ

˷żһںţ򣡡
ܶ࣬֯ɴͲðȥɴֻҪһȡһֳͣ֯ɴͳˡ
壡
иеȼ壬иĴǼϴǮ
һ·ʮһеȼĳϣʮ˭ҷǵ
Ǽ۸𣬶˲ҿ
ټӼ۵𣿡
ȫһƬš
ʮһΣʮΣʮΣϲλ˳ϣʮϽļ۸̨֯
һֻһ飬ཻ
˳ϵɣܷٸʯͷ
ӱЦ֯ѾˣֻǸﶪ鼴תԣ
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489 ε

˳϶˼öϽȥ涯ϲտлɣ
̧ϲȥˡ
Զӱֵһһ̨¸õģʮϽ飬վɡ
ñʯˣΪǶԴ˺⣬һҵĺУʮǧöļ۸ɽ
µǰ˸ϳϣ飬ԼҴȥˡ
ӱ뿪˻ƽ𵺺򣬼ȥ
ÿһطǰͻ۳̨֯ÿǰֻ˵һ̨ʵÿζ̨һ̨䵽һ̨ƽ
ڱ꣬ȥ
ԭǰˣǺĵطΪ˽е඼
ƤƶɵӣɴȱȽǣｻõĻϽ顢ϽɴĴԺΪͨ
ϣ룬չ̡ҵĽڶ
ƣı鰡Ͻ飬۸ߵã
ӱ߹ֻõķͻصȵȣ
ţŵϢһöϽ򵽵öϢΪŨҡ
顭
û飬б飬Ѳˡ
ӱ̷ǰͣ˽Ųöӣı顭
̷ЦҵصɫСҲֻкôı飬Ͻ飬һ㶼Ҫǣҹﻹܷ⣬ãá
䣬Աߵİ˸һֻƭˣϻػ˵Ǵ˵ữӣżգͱ亣ˡ
ӱƣЩҲסģϽ飿
ӱ΢΢üоɢϢܵƱʲôӡסˡ
Աߣ˵һƺ飬ҪϽ飬ȥ
ӱȱһҹٱЩ
Ͻ飡̷ǿС
⺣ʵģһָһ˵ģôԽԽ١
ӱŶһͳһöͷϽ顣
Ǯӹӣʶһܸ̽ͷǿҵϢƻһζ
պá
Աߵ̷Ľģҡͷ̾ģֿ£ͻȥڷϰ˼꣬ǰǧϽ鶼ûҪһӼ۶ˣȥ
ӱڷ˺ЩԵģ纣Ƥ˵Ƥ׵ȵȣϺȥ
ϺǺĵ̣мϴĵ죬ʱβɹĺ壬ġ
ϺͨûҲ飬ǻʯĶ
һʯˣһǧϽ黻һ麣ʯ
ӱһӸǰк޻˺ʯˮ쳣ӯˮԪʯ
ˮԪʯⶫռĺӯСӱû
鹻࣬Ҳ˶ٺʯ
ӱһлεεЩ
ںʯӵһ˸С̯εһٺʯһöʮƷεεĺޱøεһٺʯһöջָٺʯӪҵǰ죬۸Żݣ
Ǵδ˵ġ
ڶԵ쳣¡
һ׵Ů˹ضӱⲹεұø
ţȷ󸶺ʯһգ۸ŻݣһöεֻҪһٺʯ͵ٺʯ
ΧĺǾ˹йģ뿴Чġ
Ů޵һöԡ
ӱȡһöݸŮޣӹ֮һι
漣ˣŮڶຣ޵Ĺע£ױһŮݣŻͦ˳ۡ
ɹˣⵤҩĹã
ŮԼͣһٺʯ㣡
Ⱥ˴󺰣Ҫһöε
ӱƿεˣջĺʯ
Ҫεһö
ӱҾֵյĵҩˣλҪǣٺʯһöε
ɢȥӱڷеĽֵϣȻȴ˼ֻޡ
Ƨ˵ֻޱ˹ָһӣֻʱ޷߽׵һֻԷաʲôˣһ·
Ը٣ãԷʵ̫ǿͰ
λǵˣҪԲĲε
Ҫҩ
жҪ١
˼˵·
Ϻм͵죬˺޵ģкģ֮䳣ᱩսʱΪ̣ʱΪảʯеʱԴ
-

490 

һֵĺޣѾΣһβףףǹ졣
ҪĲεԲۡ
ӱ΢˵ٺʯȻۡ
ֵһüۣһֻһңڶҡڶˡ
ӱʵǵܸʲô۶
ٺʯһöж٣Ҫ١
۶㹫
ӱһתһöٶˣͳôࡣ
ãȡһֻʯһ¡
ӱҲˬȡʮֻƿÿֻʮöε
һ磬ӱȥյС̯ǰҾֵλѣεɵԲ޲εǸˣ
ǰĺ޲ź
ӱ뿪죬ںף˺Ѽ˵ټͨϺżгҲᱻץסʳ
еһɽ£ͣ˽Ų
ǿҵˮԪʯϢѰѰк
ӱȡ˹ߣɽھڵһʱöĺʯ´ϲּڣɽһռĺףĽ룬ɺ޵ʱɳӯ
һûֺʯ
ǰȻеģֻǶסôˣкʯҲǾɾˡ
޵ǲˣҺ޶ڵΧҲһںס
ӱ˴㣬ڴ˴չ
㲻顣
öϽöµõһö
µõö꣬СӱǰһƳһٽΪ飬ǡ
⣬ӱ˵ɾ͸ɡ
һḶ́ȵͼֽǱ޻ڱ뽣֮䣬ѡ˽׼Ƴһȡ꾳еõ˻ľֲ˹żɣſʼ֡
Ҫȡ꣬ȵý⿪ӡ顣
ʱ䣬һعȥ
ٴ¡
飬ö϶Ϊһ֮ʱҲһƯں׾ߣ߶һöҫĶĿ顣
໡
һΣﻯС飬ԽǶϣöʱ֡
Ȼ˳ҵ𣬾һܸ֮ܵη壬ʱơ
˽绹
һռ䣬һǿϢǵضһɫľܵͬϢһһϹŴûӰˣһϢûС
໡
һ߰УҪʲôȻ³ȺʲôҲûС
ĸоϢҲûд϶ֻ²֪ˣȥ
ɽΧת˼أûκεμ
ȥĶˣ
³һӣͷϳһǡ
ȷΧ˺Զȥ
˷ܣ⡭һħ
ħ
ôħأ
ҡҡͷħ˵ϢҲʳħ飬õħϢħ
ӱ²ܳȥˣһ
ʱħֻΣɲѰһϢѰ򣬾ûӰӡ
ֹ˼ʮ꣬ӱڿռƵڳɹ
豦뿪ռ䣬һӰڣǿĽϮ
ԽʱһХһƬڣعѱһ޴ĺסŶʲôһ꣡΢˫ۣźζ꣬Һͻſһ
ΪбĸоϲӴһӱʳ꣬ʳ»ʳ꣬ҪʳΨˣܰȫ
Ѿͷıƿ
ӱ𻰣˼սһӳŴݿĻ֮һ춯صҽУͷһĿˮѪ緢ͷ
䣬Ӯ
սʹС졷һбһиɱ⣬һбһиƣʹѾͷ̫ɶûȴȶ

һһҧ£סӱһֻţоȴһ˺ѵľʹһȾʳ¡
ǿ֮
֮ʱͷ˿ھٵںϡ
ŮӵĹ⾹ܿ˿ȬǽʳȻܾΪ
һӱ˹
䣡
һȣӱٵ˳ҵ𣬱廯һź棬һӿ
-

491 Сռ

໡
һɳľԺ
ӱ˿һŻһƬ棬ԼҲʹ˺
ֻһͷ𣬱Լ䡣
Щ̫ݣûսŻһʱⱻʳһȡ
ڣһȲ¡
ɳ棬޵Ӱðհ

кʧ
ӱ˵ҵ˵һౡһֻƯȸԺĶǸ֮зɳٵؽԼٴ󣬴ܹųʳ
ˡ
ƨķˣǲȸϹ֮һ
ϵںͷ죬ԭǺһֻȸսȸ͵һס˺βͣüٶȽʴ¶ǡ
໡
һ껶ؿȸʳ˺³һ޵ĻǣһԾһڽ޵ʳȥ
ӱȸֱ£ǣһö̫׹亣棬̻ѤĿһʱϺ顣
䵽˺ףӱúҵźΪȥħתһǿԪĽŰ˫תһööɫǹ⣬һƯĽɫС
»ع鵽䣬ǽҲһöƯ飬ҲĻϢ֮
*
ʮԺ
Ī˵Ϻȸս
ȸӱɡ
Ѳˡ
˿ڶഫĹȸʳ˺
ӱӮ˺᲻ˣ
ĺƵֳʳ
ĪģǱһ·ϺѰӱ
ϺѰ֮ʱӱڱչ
գеɽ´֪һս
»𣿡
صںףɢ塣
ӱ˿ڵ˫Ī
ĪǳĺͷʱһԳӰ߼øǰǵǵص˵սһû˰ɣ
ʳһȣѾȬˡ
Ī΢΢üڣΣգûľЩΡ
﷢ģܵ˺
˽壿
һʳħ飬ֵõĴУ˻ħ⿪磬ͷ΢΢һЦһħһ䣬Ҵȥһط
֣ץסĸ첲ȥ
ǰҪñˮ飬ȻҪˣںף½أʱһɵζ
ͻȻһжֻͣ˲ؼ䣬ĵϡ
һɽ֮Уӱ˸־ʱɽеʯƿ¶һڣħǴģļ䣬һսһ֪ɽУǶ꣬
ֱǧǰɺ븸׷ִҳߣô˴ⷢʯǴɽȵڡ
ɽȣʱͷﲻǺףͷ¡
ɽһټɽ˸ʽĶ顢кǣиʽ򡢹ż
ʱֻһ죬˫˫еһֻɫ룬Žɫ˫ӱԣ㡭󱲣ת壬ҡǱʷˣұ𣡡
ӱ졢룬ôģ
³һöɫ㡭޵ҲǺҵڵ͡ˡ
ӱӹڵڣˡ
Īľӱʢ
½Ѿ뾹Ȼ˽ĺ֮С
ӱĪǿռѷ죬ͨǰطɽǿ԰ıߣ
ֻǣƺԶԤϣɽĶȡߣãǾͶѷڵȴߡ
ĪһʺĹȴ
ˣĶһΣֻܴһ
ӱȳȥٽ
Ȼٽʱǲȡ
бɽڣȴȡӱΣЩõĹ򡢹żˡˣܴߵġһ
廨ţġħġĽУӱֻı˵ڼǣ˵ڼǣģ忴
һ˱ɽдꡣ
ʯٴƺϣͷɽȡ
ĪݡѾˣ˽£׼š
ݡŵĪӱһ죬οѾ˺üأ¾ʹˡ
-

492 Ǿޱ

ĵȫҡȫͰ͵գӦһͶȫϽ硣
ĵ֧ͬӵд˵Ŵ
ӱ֮ʱſͷһ˵֡
֧Ŀգ̤ݡ
һ࣬ӱЦ΢΢صǸȥǾޱ硣
һͷ
ǰǾޱʱڸֳ˼塢ɽ
ӱϽˡ
Ī¶⡣
ӱĽǴճɣСԻһ磬δɣӴһΪռңЩʯСɽǡ
Īʵǳ˵أ֪ˣ
ǵõʱɽߵΡ
ĿռҡԿƳ֡һ£˵дңΪһΪռңֻҪ͸򣬾޳򡣵ʿԣȴĪѶȣЩ֣ǵ͸׳ɹ
ѹռɽ壬ԭΪ֡
ӱ㲻⣬ҰЩɽ嶼߰ɡ
Ī΢üͷЩڵа˸֮࣬ǲ˵½Щ꣬˰˸
ǵǴһô࣬Ȼ
Щһƶ֡
սô
ӱǾޱһǾܻȥˡ˴˽磬ɴɵõĶࣿûУҷЩ㡣
Īһ˵˼徺ֺֻҪڣʲôö͡
ӱ΢΢һЦһɫ޶ӣ֯޶УΪƵġ
Ī˫΢ģ͸ġ
ӱ᣺Щ꣬ҶշΨһΪģǧˡ壬һ꣬׼һ˾Ͳĵġ
ܲܲ˵һ仰
Ȼǻϲؽӹӣḧ޶ɴһ
ϸܡʵǾ˵֯ɵġ
ѹ֣
ռѾ˺üٸˣ壬ʵɣ˶ˡ
ӱ˸塣
ĪЩȤֻǼǹ޵ս£뿪ʱħ֮ս桢׵ӣħԪԪʯʲȻһ̴
*
Ǿޱ硣
ǻĺҲǻľá
ԻΪȻһ硣
Īֱҵ˽ΪߵĴ˵⣬ȡ˴˽Ǻʼݡš
ӱǰһǾޱߣֻ滨ݴ඼ѾˣһͲܴɲڽռ䡣
գһǾޱûҶ£·ͦƯһ̸
ǾޱͻûҶ۳£⼸ġ
һɲš
˽һλǾޱԱ廨ƫҲͻԵʡ
ӱҲᣡ
⻹򵥡ʹģһֳֻܱ壬ȴûκε빥
ӱڴ˼ѧ죬ģ򱾾ͻǾޱ۳»ҪáιһЩ
ְӵĪĴѶ˵ѳɡ
ǾޱźĪͨŻص½
һϽ磬˱㷢Լһ̨ϣһһ޴ĳӣԱ˿ʯϿ̡ءԱ߻һƫͷ˴Ա䣬ν塭
ӱĪתȥƫƫǰż
ǼǵټĪһܿ츩񣺡¹βݼ£
ٲǱˣӵܡ
ۼӵܶྫͨīҲѡѡһĹ٣ź۳ǵةࡣ
ǰͱѰĺ壬һǧɡ
۸һɽʹ͸һ己á
ĪӦһ뿪޶ˣ
ش£һǧˡۡ󡢶¡¼޸ʮ¡
ŵġ
ĸǣܵСͲ׺м衣
Ī߽ӱů߰ɣȥ۹Сסա
*
۹
Ī뿪¡
ǰħҪ⳥ħ۾涯֡ħôԪʯԵ¾ʹ˹ȥ֮󣬶¡Ҳħս
Īʵ˰λ
ûǶΪ϶棬Ҳֻ˹
ӱ˵Ʒ裬Ī˵
ħ֮ս꣬ħ塢嶼˺öˡħأؾɱħӣƵħҪƽңò͡
-

493 

ͣ
Ҫ飿
˵ͷħ۽ԼòӡŮ޵۳ǡ˱µħŮ޸˶¡ޣ⳥һԪʯǡ
ǲ֮ܽλħ幫ģ統ĪĹĸ޸ħۣħһ㣬⼸Ĺʶ
ĪʣħҿƽϢˣ
˵أħħۣټı޷ֳ˶򣬻ħħħǰħħħۣħħ۴򣬻޵ķǴ򣬽߽ӽһܲ
һ˵ϻأǶӲ飬ħ۾ˣڶħ۴ֺ壬аΥ档
޵¡
ĪСķ»ӣȥƸۡĸ󡣡
ܵδȢޣȴѾ˲
͵뵽£ȥ˵˵ǧ¶ڡ
ӱ˵ﲻ̣Դá
˸磬ͷ΢˫ؼ䲻һԪ֮УһҶҡ֮һ𣬲֪ʱ꾹˰Ƿɣ棬һ޴Ϲ֦ҶïÿһƬҶÿһ֦ⶼһ¡
ӣлл½š
ȰǷɣģ
Ƿɣ
޴ӰϡһȰŮ˵ͷƬصĸƬص鶼ҵĺӡ
Լ־ô᲻һֿܣɣĸһ𣿡
ڤڤ֮еİţҪ½ţŮ洺˲ɣҵȺΨһһӵŮѪˡ
ܸһؼҵ·𣿡
ӣԵʱؼҵ·ͻ֡
ҪңȻͻֻؼҵ·
ɣĸһ֦⣬ģ֦⣬Ƭɴסˣ㲻ڴ˽⻯
һֱһɷɣĸȥԡ
ɣĸΪʲô
㲻Ǵ˽顣
Ǵ˽飬Ͳھ
ϴΣ÷뼸壬ҲΪɣĸڰаæ˳ɹ
Ȼɣĸӱأޱؽҽ˷ޡޡ
䲻˻ǣ
һöӣһöƯӡ
Ƿɣӣ͸㣬㽫ڣͻΪƬص־뱣ߡ
лɣĸ񣡡
Ҷɳɳ죬ɣĸŮͷ񽥽ȥʧڸߴķɣϣܸоɣϰԼ׽
*
Īּҡ
֡ɩĻ޶Ŀԡ
ֵԣƭ»ӣ˵˵һˣ
ըϢ
һĴӣȻƭˣһƭ˼ҹжʹ顣
Īϣ֡ɩĪ˵ҪǱ֪Һƭ϶⡣
ɩصĹ£ΪʲôҲҪһ
ⲻͬ׽ЩĪ¶Σ֡ɩһðæĪ¶ڡ
ɩĪǡ϶ˡ
Ī϶صͷָָԼϵӣת˸ȦӲɣ
ɩ۾һǡɴֲ񰡡
ᡢ˿Ůӵͷһ
ˣλɩһŵˡ
Īȡʮƥɴ͸֡ɩѡ
쾪һϽɴɴһƥɽɴ⡭ⶼģʱַЩɴĪϵȫͬ
Īƿɻ󣬡»֯޶УҲҷģǲǺƯ
ʿôô֯ɴⲻ˲Żģ
Īǽĵ»ɲѰˣĶɶˣ¡Ʒ黭ҼǧһвŻˡ
ѹӣ˰죬ǵҫˡ
ɴ֯ȷʵЩ¡
ĪҾֵͶλæˣĪǣ֡ɩ
һתȥ
ɴʮƥأòƯȹˡ
ֵͬæˣ
ǰݴµĳˣѾˣҲжٽӴƽ׵һݺΪæ
ͬ⣬ɷӣ϶Ҫæġ
Īּңȥݼ۷򸾡
δ½ض顣
ʱޡڴϡ
½£Īһһˡ
Īȡɴһ滨ݵȣһʱټĴⱦ˱ǡ
óһɲݣ»͵ģˣ˺˻񣬱һĸ󣬲ȥ½硣
-

494 ʥ

ֽһ۹еǰҹ
󰮸˻ȡζȷʵͬ졣
۵ɲݾͽˡ
΢΢һЦ滨ݣڸǵһ
һ˺һ˽ǧƥɴٺãĪţĪóһ硣
ǴȤ磬Ҫ»֪⣬˵
Ī΢ͱ޸ȳסˣеóԣ㻹졣
֪»ӶģƫҪ
ĪǴȢ»Ϊޣ
Ī¶ɫ
ҲСˣԵʣޡ¶δء
Īףۡĸ󣬴²ȷɽ¡
ϸϸشĪĩˣصڴˡΪȹ̣ŬһѾܷɽ磬ˣĻݲˡ
粻̫ãⲻ˵ֵл̫ˡ
ĪҾֵлֵۡңи֮磬ټΪ̫ӡ
ǵ΢΢һ䡣
Ϊʲôޣʲôңǳ嶯ڣ
۵ݹڳٶȻڹжһӡ
һðʳĪ뿪
Цۡĸ󣬶ñɡ
գĪǳ׵ر⡣
һλΪڸ֮ϣֽһΪΪ޶紦ùϵ
Ǽλֳ뿪һĸ󣬴ƫģͺˣټң
ԭӡС׽Եβ˻ֵܶ˾սԶ
Ц£ǲŻ磬ʴȡ
۴Ļǽ滨ˣΨһһ꣬Ī˲
£к˭֪ӡ
۳أɳ̫гϢٹЩҪɣ򲻻޵ģĽӵĻҲ˼
˴
ǲ˵
Ī޽صӹδ빬ͱסˣλ£»ͷ
̽ͷ۹Ǻã˵ֵ֣ܶҺҲôԴ࿴ˡ
ĪĵģһװˣһˣҶû
Ҳö٣ǻˣ˾ӢۣǱ˸ʶˡ
Ī¶ɫһֱΪֻ»֪
޵뿪ҿһֱš
Цúǵ⣬ܿ»ӶµÿҭȤ
罫˶ŮһҪǣ㵱ĸǰ󡭡
ĪҪյʱ˵ôһ仰
Īãɫǧ˵Ҫ˵ûˡ
ˣֱɡ
Īδܵ׽оǲͬ
˿̵ӱ˷ɣɣ֦⣬ƴѽռٶһ
Īޣ»ЩѼĻԵȥңһʺϰĹ
޴ϲ
׽绹ûġ
ֲ̫֮λܣ澴Щ갵û°ӣĸǰ˵
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º
ӱ˴
۹һƬŽأ˵Ǵ´һ滨ݣֲڹиټ۹ɾһ㡣
ĪȥĶˣ
ӣǰˡ
ӱѰô
ԵȣūȥѰ¡
ӱڴ˰յĹĪ˴һʱЦ⣬»
Īҵûˡ
¶ᡣ
ӱġˣ
һŴ幦
Īδȴ֪Լʵ˵ϡ
Īյı룬Ϊոõۣ㻹Ǳչա
ѵصͷ
Ϊ˲룬ųٳûбչء
ӱˣʱ֪˲ࡣ
*
ҩڣӿģһָֻƽ
ⲻļ磬ļңгһջص·壬Ƿӻ
ҩɽǰߺˣ
ӱδӰΣֻһӰѾɿ⣬Ӻȳ⣬ȴʥЦˣѹ⼸գʥϵϲȵϲأȻϲŰ
һҩڶˡ
ʥҾ񣺡ݹӭشһ𡣡
ʥطɱһݣԶԶͱȭ񣬡ȥشʥٲݷ嶼ʹãǺǣǶġ
-

495 ʱ

ӱɲ˵̧һָͷɳһö䵽ٲݷϿգʱһڣ¥̨ͥСˮһӦȫ黨һУ仹кŮ䡣
δΪ־ˡ
ôһޱߣݵôһԲǧĶС
ͷһ¶ɫȥɵһҲ
ӱЦĪҪɵ徲ҲգȥشһҾ;ɵһ£ɵ֮һҲݡ
֮һǾôһ鲻ö
̧شȥʥɵ˸ںͷ
ãϡѾˡ
ʥ롣
Ц˴ޣһȥһٶأŵĵӶ˺ü
Ͻһٶʮأ½һǧꡣ
Ȼ½ˡ
ʥʵ޻½磿
ӱ΢΢ףҼС½˿½֮еĻԵϽ½磬ȴĶ಻ס֮ʱ½ֹϽ˽½磬һ½磬Ϊ½ʵ͡
һϽ岻ȥȻͻᶪС
½һΣԶˡ
ڣֻ벻֮ң
ӱţֻҪһչٳҪˡ
˵˴һӣ԰һҩһ滨ݣŵСգЩݶϽѾࡣ
ôడ
óһϡ棬οƷ֮ࡣ
ʱ»ԡѣվõӽݶƵʥȥ
Ǳֲʥزŷġ
ӱһӣϾͳһѵɴ
׽סƽסȽסססϽףƷ׽УƷԽͣƥԽ࣬붼ڷˣ仹飬һǰסơ׵ģһΪ졢ס
½磬ջ
Ȼ⻹㣬˻֮ʱǳص˴½磬ջѰ֡
֣Զ󿪣ʿõҩ
ֱӶ˱ĵ㲻ͲҪ˵
ԭǴʿ֪ģԪӤʿ֪Ļ治ࡣ
ּ׷ʣĪ޳޵ı
ӱֱӣԼس
ʵ޷ˣʦ֣Ͳ˵Щġ
֣ʿԵģֲ޳Եģʲô
ʥպȵͰ͸ϡ
ò˵ˣҪҲ²⣬˶û˵ء
ӱһӣʱһˮ״ĶֻøӵСƼͷĸ⣬֣
ⶫ˾ã桭
һۣصĻʱҭסˡ
ָԲͬ¡Сϡ֡Ʒʿ֮Ϊʿɣ򻯳⣬黯ʵϽ˵ĸضءɸۡûˣ޸ĸƼ
ԭôõġ
Ͻ˵սʵǱƴĴСǿɹأԽǵսҲԽǿ󡣡
ϣһƬס
ʥɶ֣۾ȴǿᡣ
ǲȴˣֻգ۵Ĺö˵־Ͳˡ
ɵ𣺡˭ĸ˵ҩ
ӱ˸־ָһһһֳΣЦѣûΪǿˣҡ
˭ڴʿֵ
ӱʣأ
ֽ𣺡ˣ
ԭԤһݼƷ֣òˡ
ķݣ
ֽ񵱼˲õЦŸ֣صݸӱ
мƷģȻƷġ
ȡһö֣ҲһͬǣһƾͱǰǸͷŨֽӹ֣һҾǺȣ£ѲԸһ
˵ӱһ䡣
ֽ֣ʧڴϡ
ӱֵʥڣ֣ԺΪÿһ㣬Ϊ֮󣬴ʱԲӦˡ
ԲɸۡԼסҲǴ´ࡣ
ʥӹҾһݣл𣡡
ӱӦһĿϣһȴֲҿҪ
һ̾ȡһöƷֵݸգҪô֮󡣡
һݡ
ӱûʲô£ɢ˰աñչ£ĪҪš
ߺ𣡡
˴óıɲ١
ʥ¶м֮ɫ
ɽͲÿɫҲƯ;䡣
-

496 1

˿һ·ɱأأ˵ˣأأ
˼ֱչˡ
ٲݷϿƮһȴеһǡ
һˣʥɶ֪
ص֣Ǵʿӡ
ݼʦҪҵˣ𶨻һö֡
ӱˣ滨ݡɴ飬ҪĻ֡
Ϣߡ
ʥ㶼Ϣˣڡڸһʿһʿŵšϻšһʿ
֣֡
ʥ̾˵֣ɸʥɶӵԼ򡭡
ûаУҲҪŪһö֣¹طɽܷӵԼɸ
ʥʱѰ˵֡
˿̣ӱڸɾչأԼֳƣɣ֦ҡ䣬½硣
ʹ֮УһһϮµĸʹصڵϣǰƸµĻãΪʲôΪʲôҪң
ΪʲôǲҪСʱϢӣ˼ݣʮˣܹˣĿЦı£Ҳľ֣
ʲôôܣ
ûı棬ƫƫ棬еԸʺ֮λǵﲻˡΪƲı
̫ϲˣ
û뵽ʺԼ״
ԭˣˡ
ԼĶҪԼλ
̫ӱ
̫һϣıĶӡ
δʹȻʺҪˣβ˵࣬ûʺ֪Լж
̫ӷѾˣ̫Ѿϴˡ
ЦЦ٣͵غƣ
㲻ңҪң˹Ķ˳쳤ôܣ
˵ôأ빬ݣΪԸЩô꣬ҵ˶ˡڣҲ㻹ծˡ
ʺúޣˣȴûһ𳤴ıá
õĸţĸľҡ
ֻҪеģһݡ
ʮǰڵϱģ˵Ǳ¡λ̫ӵĴ֮λӵһԼĺ
룬˵Ĳʱδ
ӱڻʺϵһܵʺԹޣŭ
ʺЩõġʹļŵӰһӹͷҲӿӱԺ֮С
ڼʺ˶ҩ
ءءʤߵ̬Żʺ󣬿ŻʺʹԸǵĺӣ˵ʲôΪңΪԼΪĺӡ
ټĺ󹬣˻ʺ̫ӣǹӣһĹ˵Ѫ̫һ£Ψһܼ̳нɽλıֻйĻӡ
ԭɵˡ
Բס̫ӣҪвסôϴôẦ̫ӱ
úޣԼ粻ˣѱõˣԹԹ߶ʮصķΪˡ
±ӣҲҪ޵
ʺգȴ仰
ŻʺȻתٳɻҺݾա
ǡ
ʵһɲô꣬Լ
ʺˣһ뿪ʺķ壬˹塣
ӱŹĶӱΪ̫ӣֻǹֽһˣѮıϲˣ̶̰꣬˾ʹӹɡ
Ȼһ󣬻ʵĪطһȴ͵˹⾲
ϲԼȥһĸ󻼣룬ȴеϢҪ֮ʱȴ˽ҷ˻ʵۡ
߸£ĮŹԭܵȻʺĹˣΪ˸Ȼʺ󱨳
ԭǻʺĻʼѪһӶܵϣȻʺҲ˺ڹ
ıʼ֮ﱻ乬
Уǻר衣
ְ꣬乬ȴȻűҪºˣºڹĻӵ
ʧֻҹ乬ʯǽ
û˿ɽ̫ӣľ
ԭһֻأܵĽգҲǻʺܹա
乬꣬Ϊӣĵñµĳ谮
ʮ̫̫ܣ·ĻǸ֮ʱ¿ʼĽĻӡ
һƳþõŻʵ۾ס޹
¼ݱ̳еλȴĻӡ
ԭΪѡ
ʱҪ׳̫ӣֱ̫ӡ
ʺҲãҲգǱµһöӡ
Цᶼˡ
-

497 2

ףʺǰһ̾ԭǻʺѪʵ
ӱǵˡʹ
еԷ򡢴ϣеǺլǧеǻʼҿеھˣֻǴٳ檡ǵϲŭֶϲ򱯡
ÿһ˶ԼĹ¡ͬҸͬҵȴиĲҡ
ɣĸķӣȷʵܸϵҫѤĹâ
һΣǣһŮޡ
ŷԼϵɷ򣬡ʦ֣㡭ҵΪ㡭
ʦã˰ңͽΪԪתҡԪӤԪҾͿ쵽ˣңٶЩꡣ
ôңŮʹѣôҲû뵽һ𳤴ʦֻ˴ܽᵤһʮʱӤ
ŸһΪһö裬Լ᲻óԣ
ħɭΪ˴ħ޵ƤժԪӤħ޶ȥһۡ
ЩΪ˰һеŬܶļ䣬ȴһЦ
Ϊ٣ΪΪ¯
޹Цʦãʦֵ£ҹƵġ
㡭
Ҳ㣬λΪΣңֻŮ׽
ǳ׺꣬һΣ˾ƣʱ򣬷Լʦһν׷ɱʦ֡
ʦʲôҲûʱǣʦοϽƷҩó
ѹֺʦ˵һ㣬ֻȫ֪飬ԭʦ˵ҩ
֪ʦʲôûʦ֡
Ҫ
ҪŹ
Ҫ
Σ޷Ͻ硭
˵űֻ꣬Ҫٻ꣬ܵȵſ֮ʱ
ʱܷϽɡ
Ϊһգӡӡʦֵܣкη̤;һգľǳ
㡭úݣ
Ϊ٣ΪΪҲϵľˡ
ŨŨĺޣ޷ɢ
Ů޼ǿԸԱɴ˿ȴûһһϢ
ԺУһŮӵԱҰɣ
䡪
һ죬ضɽҡʱ˼λԪӤʿǰΧۡ
ܣ飬ˣҲҪһأñ˷Լ֣֮󶼻ˡ
ƱʲôǣţԱԪ񣬾Ȼúõģƺһů⣬֪˶ãɽ֮С
һο˻ԼˣһǳĻӰȴĻǶͬɫģдŽɫǳɫģ٣оԷӦһŮӡ
˭
𣡡
Ȼˡ
㲻뱨𣿡Ӱ˵˶飬ҡ˶㶯֮ĵˣŨңٸһλᣬȥɣ
ȥĶ
ʱӰȻʧ
鷢ּһԱ߻һ̣ͻȻٲԱ˿ɰһʱ۵û˹ȥȹ£Ѿһ˸ճŮӤ
ӰҪͶ̥ת
鲻ϸ룬ǸŮӤ
۰۰
ޣе
еĸȹһѣ˺ȹӽӰ庢ӵԱ𣬲ɵʧǺãѾǵŮˣĸ϶ϲ
ԶһɫҴҵŮڡ
˵ⲻ˰ɣˣҲĻԵ
ö⣬˽ŮӤڴУת
ŮӤ˸˵⣬ɤӴޡ
Ůͣ˽Ųɻصʦɽ˵ɽһԵѰſּϷһŮӤ˭ҵĺӣ𣿡
˲ҳ±֡
ŮŮӤ˼Ӧ
ǸճĺӣǱˣɽᱻҰʳ޵֮ˣһǾһա
ӱСŮӤڵڳǰļ䣬ⰲ̿Ͷ£ʱѾΪĵµϲ
ɢ꣬洦ļ䣬½Ĵ½˼仹ɽ硣
*
֪˶ãǧ˵Ʒ̫£ꡣ
ʱϵʯΪɫ
ӱͥԺϸ߸ܿҩڡ
ٲݷҽǰ÷Ƕ̫á
ӱɵƮȻ£δأ÷ҾֺӰݼСʦ壡
ϸϸ÷һٶˣԪӤڣչΪȹ̡
-

498 

÷ϲɫȴЦ⣬˼޵ʿ˵Сʦ͸ϻˡ
ӱһͷ÷䣬ɵ
ͥԺк¾衣
÷⾫鲻ǰľܡ
ǻľ飬¼
÷ŵĵ˵Сʦȥ½ƺջ񲻴͸Ųٺö
ӱǻľΪԤ˫֡
Сʦ壡
ֲƷԽԽãҪӦ˵󣬽Ҳ졣ͥԺɸǡ
гһöָ÷̷ɸõϸϸؽ÷
÷һź˵Žӵ˺µӣԲǴʦ״ˣҪһʢ䣬޵ڡŲμӡ
ӱʵȥԲô
÷Ц
ǼʮǰԲǣʱĥĵģʱԲǱǻڴɡ
÷ֵСʦңҾͲԤˡ
ӱЦһѽȡһöǸģɵ徲öʯңúò裬صĶԷ
÷һҾлСʦ壡
ӱҡҡͷĪŮڵĴ磬Űۡ
ǡ
һͻ˶ʮഺŮɣ˲յһȥ˶ʯݡ
ٲݷ嶥ϣ⣨¹⣩ݼ𣡡
ӱ磬Ȼ£ڲԶ÷ոձչء
ɵǡ
ӱ÷ǲͬģ÷ʦֵĵӣʦֲڣ㸺н̵֮
Ʋּͤȥ׼Ϊˣ
ԪӤΪ
ΪӦò÷ϾǱ÷˫׽ס
΢졣
¹󷽷ıȭһֱ˵ĳܡҽΪ¡񡭡ǰݷãǿͬĻ¡
ӱżЦ⣬ˣ
ˣΨ¹ʦһˡ
ӱ뵽ǰ۸£ҪҪֱʵ¹⣬¹¼ƽϣ㲻õġ
ʵ¹⣬ôεս֮ʱܰԼĺ󱳽

ÿ϶
ӱۣ֮Ҫ¹һƣ˵¹һɽղĻ档
ǡ
˷֮ʵ
ΪϵûнΪ¡
Ҳ˵¹û׷ǰ¡
ӱףҸ˽֮ڣ˵һȥһϲơ
л𣡡ߺ
óһֻҪˣǶԤϣΪԼƼѡ
¹ɨһ£ͷһסϽ׵鲻ᣬƥסϽ׵ɴҲǼֱˡ
һݡ
˵£ǲٻشʳˡ
ˣҲá
ԭûˣһȥ֪ʳֹ˶ꡣ
ּ䣬ʱоռ֮Ĳּһߣһɥѣ⼫ƷΪ޷
ӱ¶ɻ󣬡ʵڴ֮°ɣ
һ仰ֱʵߺ޲Ҹط
ɡɽɽģǶܷ֮
ӱȻһָ̯ңһö
˿ߵȡһöԵ֣ȡö
Ʒ֣
ӱһɫɱƷ׵ͣʺģӦֻҪˣɱƷƷĿ죬ȥһ黨ݡ潨ݣ䲻ɽ壬ȴһƬһҲġ
ߺɣɣͷ㻻һ
ӱ㵱·ߵİײˣҪж١ⶫúܣͳżöͿûˡ
кܶ࣬Ƶȷʵûö⻰û
Цһ£ʧ
һ·ߣӣҾ𡢽ʥ
ɣĪڽ½ĴʿΪ֮һȴǶĵһ֮
ӱȥʥذգ
*
ʥʥ
ʥѾأɻڱչ֡
ʵһأ¾ֳˣͬǴʿһ˳һ쳣ࡣ
˼ӱˣк
˼䣬˷ֱ
ֱѡΪˣ뽣ʥɽȭ²Ѱüö֣֪ܷ˸һöǮ
ǰüΣһο֡
-

499 

ʿ򣬷˵ɸ⻰Ѿȥǲܲ׼
Ҳ֪ӣ֣Դʿ˵벻ֻҪžŷɽ٣ͻΪˣɽûԼ򣬾͵ûԼɸҪĶʯԺ
ƷƷʯƷƷ򡣡
۶󣬱еҲܴճ۸Եȡһ㣬ʵ̫
˽񣬼ͬصҪƷ
ӱ಻˵ȡö֣и״ɽ״ׯ԰״клľнԣԣʯͷɽ
˸ȡ˴ӱ
һ£ӱδ£Ҫѵö࣬Ӧ׵öࡣʱͨѾʮٱٽи磬˹ݡֲľƷƷҲǲġ
֣õأ֮ʵʶʶأ黯ʵ뵤
Ƭֽ̣͵ʶΪ飬ΪʵΡɽʱɻΪɸСԲʮɴﵽǧʮҲáǧҲգԳһ硣ɽ֮һɾûͬ⣬Ƕɸɸ֮ڣȫƾʶ־Ͻ硣
ͷ棬֪ⶫҪ
Ҿֵпھط
ӱҡͷûнݾߣƾԡƾ򣬼Ϊԣ츳ڷܡ
޷޵ԪӤϵģĸԹˡ
ͷ
޲ִֻ档
˵˼׻ǡ
˿Աߡ
ѽҩλ֮һ
ŻҲ֣дϲܷҲһö֣ƷʯѾˣ
ôͽͽɲ÷һЩ
ʥ˵Ƿǰͱɸ֣ҩڵĵӷֱǰɸͶͳɡ
ͶǰԼӵһڡ
ЦҪԵ־С
ˣԣԼʰܱɸضɸ
ӱδƴǣŵһ£ʥɣٰ׸ˣȡһöԵ֡
ֵ䣬ʯ
Ҿһ֣δ˵˼ˡ
ǽˮӱһ˫Եġ
ʯһչˡ
һ¯ҩҩͯ˵ӱˣҰƵرӱ뿪ӭһö֣˵໰ˡ
һãŻعζǸҪҪʯ
ˣ
ƮһŤͷʥ翴׳յؿʥ棬ҡ˵ˣ
ʥᣬұĹذɡ
ӱ˻ش

Ҳû£ǽöֽóȥʯʯһ룬ҵһ롣
һ֣ʱͳһӣͷöˮ״֣֣ΪƷʿӦ
ӹɫһò¡
ӱȻȥˣ󹺣Զ˰ɣ۸ߵãҲƽ
Ƶᣬɶ¥Ϣ¥˵һ籩һ£δʼиšҵ˵õϢ
ƫֻ¥һöǵ¥Ϊۣͳ˼ߵļ۸񣬴գСšҵ桢ʥƼһãΪһö֣췭ظ
ռشŴ
һ࣬ѾǧƷʯˣɵͬʮƷʯʮƷҩʦ˶Ҳûôʯ棬۶Ҳ̫ˡ
ռ㶮ʲô½ʿϽ˵ɸû򣬷ϽûŴĺôˣһҷϽ磬Ϻ˷ɽŴⶫɽ綼ǮѰŵıǰƷ类ʿ˽¾ˣʣƷġ
ձĵؿ׳գ棬ĸ͹游Ӳһöö֪ɶʱŷųҪŮҩڣ֮Ҫ»֪ء
ʲô֪޶ֵ֪;ˡ
ЩšңһһϺ۶
šϻڵ桢ʥȫˣ·ʯǮһϺ̧
ĵѼۣίʵųһöǽԵģöӦǧƷʯһɱ⣬·˺Ҫɱˡ
ϻŵʥ潿ЦһţͽöΣ
ЦһãƷ¹ϽİҪã㵹һҿ
-

500 Ź

ԵĿãòãûЩҶƴá
ϻʥ˸ӣһ䣬ȫûȣͻŮ
Աߵŵ𣿡
ʣöˣֻöҵĽˮӦˮԵֳָøף˭ù
ϻŸߺһǧ򣡡
УܿͽһڣɻͣǵһǧƷʯ
ûˡ
ȫһƬž
֮һǧƷʯ۶ֵȥ
˿ʱż߳һòŮޣ˭
Ҿֱȭλлá
ڲѾһö֣ôһš

Ȼ۶̫ߣѰŻҲûôʯ
ͷ۳֣ջͽʯ͵˰ٲݷ嶥
ǧƷʯҲһʡ
뵽λʿģĶڵѪ
ӱɨһʯ־ֵǮ
⵱ȻֵǮˣĸʿɽӵһƯɸһԼԴġ
ԼɸȻԼ⣬Ǵ
ֵɢȥ󣬲ܣҲʿĿһĴڡ
ӱֵԲߵĴ䣬˭ȥ
ȥô
ȥһ
ȥʥҪȥģȥˣʥͻš
ҩֳ˷ͷֵ£ڡڡڶǷҩһ顣
ʥڱչأʥҩڣ˵ħϸΪòֹشͬǰ
пɣ
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µĴһӱ˻塢ѵȵӳǰء
δȥޣ˼ֳ򣬵Ҳһ
ޣڡڡŵۣҾִк
صϣ
ɵһƷ֣ڱչأǽʥʥˣΨɡüѡ
˽ûЦЩ֪ԽƷԽǼѣҪŪƷ֣ڵЦ
Цɣڴ
ѵôҶŮޣ˵˵
ʥף;
һģ
ɨˣû˼
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ںɽͣ£ڡҩڣҪȥӱصһڶҩ
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䣬һ˻ɮ˺ѣ겻ɺã
ӱʱͱź۵ɮ˸ˣʦ㼸ʱģ
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λߵӦŵԣΪľ罨һһŮԺľķ޷ÿɫԼһס֣䲻һȴԺҲвġ
ӱʵѰˣ
ʦЦϣʦһֱƶɮߡ
ߣӱΪ˼⣬ʦ̫
мߵķԵѰô죬ѲǴࡣ
ϲʦá෨ʦһԡԸٲΪСԴˣתΪᡣ
£
෨ʦΪɮ˵һʦˣʦɱǾð̫࣬ԲΪС
ӱʵѡλɺã
ʦʦʮǰģǰȥ˼ˡ
µǻΪüĿִмַࡣ
Щ棬ʱʱͷһۡ
ӱȴʦ˵
ʦľҪ÷ľػƶɮĸаο
ǰл⣬һԲд¡
ӱţڤڤ֮лԵһƣ̫Զ
ˣͽѵļԡ
μԲǵ䣬ȥľС
ʦ´ϲƶɮɨӭ
дԣ˵˫ޣǰţˣɮǹˣɮ˻½ġ
-

501 

µĴϣŵѾ衢իʽģаŷ齣ǺߣԲǣұΪµס֡
߼ţЦеصϻؼ𣬻һٶǰȥ½ȥˣ
ӱ񣬴½תһȦ
ߺʵ½Ҳ򣿡
ӱȡһյ裬ǳһڣ½Ľ磬硢Ǿޱ硢ˮ硢硣
סˮΪˮûԭϷɵģΪҲû
ʣĽԱΣ
ӱƬ̣Ľ֮㣬޻ҪĽڳԪŨ
Ҳ˵Ľ޻Ҫã
ӱЦȻԼڴԲ㲻÷
˵½ôãɵ̾ҷ½ֻһľ磿
ӱľ֮½Ľ֮һ£飬ħԪȴǼѡԪ̣ȴܼ죬ԣ֮ǲࡣ
ĽԽ֮
½ľǰֻľӷ˵ÿԼĹ£ԼĹʦ˳ŷһơ
ʵޡ޽½磬Ϊ֮¿½磿
˼һڴ滹ɽ磬ΪΪԪӤһ£˼ɢ½磬ƺ˷£ﻹһǷޣ֮»һίʵ֡
ߣȴ˰߶ڣæʵ˵֮»һ򣿡
˿̣ǻһΣӱòоľƵķ޷Χ
ӱЦ£ŹԲǽˣ˭׺ǽһҩģô
һ㣬䣬һ׶
˾˭Ҳ˭
ӱף
ߵԶǿͣ޵Ĺ
ӱ뽣ڡڵʹ˸ɫ
ҾֵڹԲ߽ˣɽ׷һѡ
ɽ׷Ϊ
סк
ŵԲ߽ˣɽһ
ǿѰģŵĺ񲻴ѰѰ̡ǲס
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еǰһ׷¡һģʾͷͬѰ֯ɫķ֮ɫĸҫĿ
ŷ۲Ҿֵɽ˿֯ɣûľ˾žŰʮһ죬аħ֮ЧԲߣ޳ɷӡ
¶ɫ׷°գ
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һ˵һں
ףףƣжߡ
Ͻ꣬½ѹһǧ꣬£ѧλЦˡ
һߵЦģҺµҵغãѰæګһΣ
ӱЦãҲֻ߻ֱ׵Ҫ󣬡ῪЦ½ˣƹƷ׿ɲ͡
ȣǲ˲١
ҵ׷ϸϣá
ǲϺãѡõĲϿǼѰҵģ¡Ĳǽ׼ģ½ʱ͵͵Ԥˡ
˷񣬡ګҲѰæ֮ګһΪл
ʥá
ʵӱĶƺʳûⱦȫΪ˷ŵӡ
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޲徲Щ޴ˣһлҲᰵһ
ӱϯ䣬ͻʶһ𵴣ãڹҩڣ
΢˫һһ˭Ҳʶķҹ
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502 ħ

ٱ̧ͷʱµϿվһӱҩڵǸģһ⣬֮еһӰ
ħ壡
˾ӱƾ̤գеĸһʱʧһʱһۣӭԣƮƮȻһϮƯսۣڷкֱ졣
ǺӰȥ˺ۣ¶һذۣһǳӣ˫չδСʦõΪƲ͸ˡ
׳˵ϻҪһأҿδؾͻ㡣
Сʦãñط꣬ɱʦ壬طޣ̽
㣬ȴ֡
ӱԪӲһ£ŷƣƽ׳ͻһܵסƣ˲֡
׳˵ϲ̨ϣһԣǫ̂Ϊ
İ̫Ҫ
Сʦãҿǰҽ֮еĵһţ򡣽գǾͱȱ˭ʵǿ
ȣǲȣ
ɲ
׳ǸӣΪսʲô
ԼĲ֣ҲֻĲ֣ʵʵ˵
ӱӦ𣬰׳һ֣ѾгһöӰȴӵʵĹٵؽ
ӱһƬޱߵĴ󺣣ںһﻨĴ½ȥֵĲ֡˵ƾ־ʶѡԣֻҪ˲Ƽģ˾Ʋ
ĪһЩοľϡ
׳򳤴̫죬쵽ײֻգ֮ͽӱɣԾǾʹʳ
ô죿
ӱ¿ٵתţдסȫԸʳҲʳģ˿˭ǿ󡣡
׳Цſ񣺡Сʦõҵȣǲôһ㡭
ӱļٴתίʵУֻгеԪŨԪǿͻƣһк׵࿪ʼʳӴˮԪˮľľ
޴ʿſභˣӱǴ󺣡½ǹ׳ڵصħ
ʲô򣬾ʲôӡ
ȣӱʶһ죬ʲôɻȻ仯ȴڴ˿̷ԭǰ׳ռϷ磬ֻһ˲֮䣬ȴڿټ٣ͬǣӱȴڿٳɳ˳𣬳ɳ̲ϣɻڰգȴ޷Ϯִ½ԭ½֮仹һڣǽֹ˺ˡ
׳ӱԼеԪҪأɻȴƱؽӱһۣڴ̨ΪΪҲµĿ־塣
գҲζ
׳Ŭջ֣ΨпԼڿٵرСһһɴ۾ʲôʳеԪ⡭ħԪ
Ԫа֣֮ܽħұܽħΪԪΪ壬аΪǣϵԪ
УʿǷӱڷ仯ظո֮侹һټľڿɡɡɡ
߾ɣڳһɣ
½һ꼫ķɣޣ޵忴Ҳǵļá
Щ⣬Уʲô˵ɣ
߽ӹ֣ط֡
ֻ֣ȴ޵Ĵ¾ѡ
ֳصжǿ
ܿɽ硢˼֮֡
ɽ
ڻˣ
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Ǳ˵ǰǴΪֻħͷ˰㣬ˣΪʧ
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յභһֱڡ
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Ӵ˷ΪɣٴɷΪɣɷ񣬿ֻüףߵҪꡣ
ӱԼʶƣ̫죬׳ڳɱС
׳żӱҲż˭Ҳûа취
֣ط֣
ʿӱٵټ֮ڣ仯ɽ磬һɽ塢ɣǿԭεͥԺֳΣĸ԰Ϊģ㻺ؿ£븡һƬ
-

503 

֣ط֡⴫˵ģĳɽ硢˼䡭ǵı仯ڿռȴꡣ
֮Уˣյı仯
½֮ڣľڿУſеĸɽ建ƣƱ԰סΧŸγһƬɾ֮أؼŨԪҺγټĽС
׳ӱڵı仯ô𣺡ſң
ӱյҵģΪαΣ
Ҳ޷֣Ǳܵ㹦ǰת
׳ֱɱ֣˫ƱסΪ˿̾޷㣬оԼڵǿټ٣ħħħΪʲô£ĽħԪ
ļˣ
ڤڤ֮Уʲôڰ֡
ƴһеתһҪסҪҪ
Сӱǳɣ콫֮ת䣬֮ǻճ䣬ǳ
ӱǧһ̵ʱ뵽˶ʮһ͵գ뵽ʮǵȣ΢˫ֻƬ̣ͽתһ½³棬˼ǳ
ոǵδй֮С
ӱЩδƳɵ֣ȫڵɽأһǧ֮ңˣڤڤ֮⡣
һģľƽֻǱת
׳㹦ɲܽԼ˫ִջѾСüӱ֮ϣڷʳ
еƣģǴйС
循ħͷˣ
ֹǲϣ׷룬˫Ȼһнľߡ
ԲǴʦһ𣬡ħͷɱ񼫡ǧٻҲˣԹˡ
ҪУȴһסڣسɣһ֣ܲŲá
ſɤţګ¾Ϊ𻤷˭ǰţݹګ飡
νѭ
תһ֮켣ѭ
ڣ²Բÿһ¶вͬ࣬˷ѩļֻء
߱ĺƤ
ߵĵӵʦ棬ߵǻˣ⻰һͷ𻹵ӡʱ½翪ţһͬҲþܾ
ŵӣ㹻Ĺ½⣬Ը
һأǶ½繦¡Ը־ڱصá
߼µŮ˵Ϊԭ͸һϸһܡ
½翪ţѲ½绹һأ
Ƿ޴Ϊ͵ģ˿ڣк棬ȴȻ
ߵͷҲǰµĵӣΪЩ¡
ŮǳЦȻʦ
ǾʶЩ飬棬ܵøֱ档
ߴҪһţһᣬһأǰ¾á
򣬾дã˵ʵΪ
ӱɽֻתһ飬ȴת֣һаȻ򣬷׼ջֻ׳ûǵ˫ݵ
Լʳӱģ룬ӱʳ
׳ЩѪ
ӱŰ׳ƿʲôͻطɳһöҵ򣬻ֱ˰׳һҽУ׳Կе䣬ӱջ
ȡһֻƿһö԰׳ƿС
дһҽУħޣڹİ׳ȻҵĴ𣺡Сʦãúݵİ
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ֻǣ뵽޷ġ
׳ںҵлҷ𣬳˱ӱĻǣʲô¡
׳ǿ󣬻Ǳӱʳںϣ󾹳ɾӱ֮ط»Ϊ
ߺǺһЦѣګţϽ˾սĴͳһħͷ֮սϽ֮ս
ŭƨ
зŵ㣬˼ȫΪȻֻѰúܡ
ҲкߵĺƤʲô²ܳɹ
ӱףҾֵ߼Цˡ
߹Ц룬λ
׺ļ
ȴԹ̸Цӱ˵һǫӱ֮ݡ
ڵΪʵʶΪ顣ڣڵɳʶ뾫ںΪڣʶɳι̣лᣬѰԪʯιڱǽģ
ͷ
ѹ޳򣬶겻ڻѰԪʯιҪһ
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504 ϶

ʿ룺Լ򲻹ǿǰǧսŪãͱ˵ʳˡħͷˣ˶ףħͷΪԼǿǴʳ֮⣬뷴ʳ˵˸걻
ֶ˼֣ô˿Χ˵źãʵ𣬽ħͷˣ
׳Ϊܽ껯ƣֻҪһѣ׳ֻ⻯ıħޡ
߿Ʋס⣬껯ƣ˵ȹδţԱ𣿡
ӱ뵽ʥۡʥ֣ư׳棬ĻǶûŹ˭뵽׳Ǹ
һĬ̾һħͷһû񡣡
Ǻ£ħ޽Ҫڰգƫ߽ձħȺ٣ˣҲǸã˵£ͺ޵
ӱʵ߿ɲ׷ʹħͷ뾳
γѣղż÷ƿħͷǣ;ġ
ӱϣħͷħκУҵȶܲš顢գҵԹۡ
ûôΰ󰡣ֻǾħͷ˽ģڹ˽ա
򣬴ħǰǼҸĵӣҸչأΪͬţŻ֮ҽħͷĻзƣ׷ߣǣħͷʹҽ񣡡
˼壬ħͷһޣ׷ͻ򱻽ǣ̣
ЦܿΣѲ½Һ¡
ħͷһ飬ҲĪĹ¡
Цʦ֣ڣԲõĶħˡɺʦǱ߿ǰħޣ̡ħ꽻Ϊǡ΢΢һЦůʦѴҴѶҶᶦ
£ƫˡ
ʲô¶ˣ浱Ժǰ衣
סֵʦˣʦ˼ǵĺʦ岻ħͷĶ֡
Ļʦ֣Ѳɻһħͷ
δҲ̫Сǡ
£Ҫź粽á
ЩԺ֪ͻȻ
΢΢һЦȻʦ£ګǰġ
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ͣк˼Բ衣
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һ˫۾𡢺תΪŮޣãʵˣһǵΪߵġֻǣĸо޵ĴʿҲıĻֻ֪ΪΣ߽ԡ
Աߵţλ϶
ţ඼˾Ŵ˾䣺һ㡣
ʲôͣ
ǰɣԾˣ˭ڵԭΪã̫ľҲв㣬û׵ô¡
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ɻȻ򣬡ԭΪ𰡣ĺ·һ
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ߵһŮޣκɮסޣȥҰ£Ժ½ŮӣҲǷ㡣
ϵ
֮أŮ֮ڷſŮƽȣΪԼҵӡ
Щ֣ҵ˼Ҿֵд⣬𣬲ҽȥСסЩӡ
Ȼ˷ޣôҲߣܼЩȥȻ͸ˡ
סЦ΢΢ҲʦǷˣ˫ޣǵҵӣǷŵӡġ˲Բʦ𡢵һ
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ŵⲻûȤ˼˵˼ҵģΪʲôҪ죬ˣԼ׽ȥˡ
뽣ʥ
ʥҾ֣δޣֵôź¼ա
Цãã
-

505 Բ

ʥֶŵ˵ӻޣͲù˼ˣҪڷЩӡ
Ӧһǡ
ڡڡҩ½Ƕȥ
ŵɣʥҪڷޣ
û޵ļλʿ£뿪ϣȻذɡ
ԼʲôԡľʵԼ֪𣿾ȻӣҪ⼸λʵǿĴһ
žԼϻģˣˣʵɶ˵ȭǣ˵ǵۡ
ۣɴߣͽŵһԺɺã
찡ö󣬾Ҫ
ҪˣȥԼ̲סţڱŻһʵɣһȥλʥ˵ա
µӵǰλĿԺѾã룡
ֵҪͬס
ҪͬסҲÿⲻ
ߴߴСӣñ
߶Բǵʦܣˣдͣ
ǡ
ֳʦܣǷޣҲƾΪ𱰡
Բӱ˵Ż𡢽ʥ֧ɮȥ˿ͷ
߼ίʵЩӣקߡ
ܣ徲ˡ
ӱԲǵʦ޳ˣ
Բǵǰ˵ڣҲûô˼ԲôˣԱǶڷܡ
˺ʶǰΪ⡭ǲƶɮ֪
ʶɳ˺½Ӱ
Բ룬֪ӱẦֻǵĹģһɽӰ
˼Լ޳ˡ
ԲǿǽӦɲ͸һɽ
Լ̰ƣΪʲôһɽء
ӱһɻ˵һʿԼͨ޳ͨԼӦɽӦĽûб˼
һ·˵ԲǵӱԶ
ˣӱȡһö֣һƯͥԺʮĶͷһС£黨Сˮһȫɫ¡
ΪԤģҷڵеĽɽӰʵһڡ
Բǽӹպãֳлӱ
Ѱشʳķӣ
ӱҡҡͷ»ɣԵδôɽķš
ԲƬ̣ȥ½磬ƶɮһյݸӱ½˼䡢ޣƶɮˣɽδȥȥ½һ
͵ǳ˼ʶ
ӱԳЦʦߴˣ˵֡²յСɺã
ԲǴˣǰ˵ҪȥƶɮԭδӦУǶ𣬻˵ҪȥѰ㡣
Ҫѧԣ͵ˡƬ̣ʦġ˲Σ
ʮЧ󣬵󣬱СɣǴɡͣƬ̣Ҳ޴˾չʮ޽棬ֻ÷˾ˡ˲˵Ѵɡ
Բʱչ仺Ժãʱĥδ߶Уоõ˾Ȱ˲ҲΪ˾Żڶ̶̶ǰˡ
޶˵ǼߡԺãû֪Եû޵ĻۣҲмЩֻۣһȻչ
⣬ʦҾֺǰݻԲǰǰ
ԲǵƶɮͶԵΪ֪ǰԼģһæ¸ˡ
ӱһ
Ժ˼䣬ᡢԲǾͷ𾭱ݵ䣬ǷϵݣӱԭϾ飬һʱԡ
ԼĿԺЪһûȤܾýʥ֮ʲôܣƫֲ²ԳѰԲߵ˸ǰȴɮ羭˰ΣӲһԱȴԡ
ڣ˫ޣԼô
ַ𾭣һϲͨ
ɾͷۣˣֻȥ
һԲǡգǰֻӱһˣкµɮͬԲǵģҲͬ˵ģɸһʱָߵ͡
ľֻΪɮǸ˵ԲԶԣԲǲɵ˼֤
Բǵķ䣬ͷɮѽɢȥ
̧ӱһ˼ʵΪ
ӱʦ
ͬĿˡ
Բ˲裬Χڰǰ
ʵҪȥɽ磿
Բ¶ɫ֪ģ
ǳЦִ˵ɽ绹һ򡣽סвߣͬ½硣
-

506 1

ԲǾͲˣôһҲҪ֡
ӱ̾һһ㣬ǷŵӣǴ󹦵£½ռԸܲ
ɽпᣬʱΪһöõĵҩȥˣο¹ܷ켫ֽ磬Ǵ˷ޣڴϣҲҪһġ
ӵдԽͨ˲ڴʿȴ˽֪ܡ
˽֪ˣ⻹ʲôܡ
һ֮ʣǴҶ֪ˡ
Ҳȥô˷룬ǲȥˣõ֮£Ǳ޷
˷񣬡λǰǣ
ӱһҵƬ̣
Ҳǹˣҵʱ黹ͶԵ
ӱһöֳһɽ£ͷ黨֣Ƿޣ˺ʶһĵʶ֮Ϊʵʶ뻷
ӱȡһɮ۳һ˺öзݣƵķ¡ģ³䳡档
΢΢һЦǰ̹ӱһ˺öͻЩˣô꣬һû䡣
ƶɮˡ
һ񣬸ȥ
Զӱɽ׷£ûĺãΪ˸㱸һ֡õģҿˡ
ԲּСԣõмСŮĴɰ΢΢һЦΪȻֻɽ£ԼԤģͷз¡䣬Сˮɼĵöࡣ
ˣҪ裬ӱˡ
ӱֵ˴ˣʳҩֻܿľҲﲻʲô
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Ϊһ
˵Ұһ׷£³֮һ߶˼䣬磬ȥѰȰɣõ˵
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Ǵ粽ƣԺܱΧء¡
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Цãʵʦʦ໹ӵдݡŵͨ
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оŰ꣬Ǵ˵еľŰഫΨлдޱǺ£ԼжٶƺС˾ҡҷˡ
ӱ뵽Լѣԭǲɴ˵غƶɡ
ƣֻ߲úɷ£
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һģʦ֮ǰδţΪƷµĳл˼Ҹϣ˼˵ڡ
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ҪۣԼƤ
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۾͸ѣҰ£ҾΪƷһףҸ
꣬ҲаȻǳС磬ҲԿ
ߵҸͣ
ĺöᡣ
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507 2

߼ЦϣǶжĲϲУҲƶһͺ˵
ӱȴԺߵǧġ
ýƻ
縶꣬Ҳ뵽ˣûԷˡ
ǧǿɵһɶ߰
ⲻһ꣬꣬ԭⲻͷ⡣
߾Ļֵ۶Ҫ˵Ҿֵѣ
Ӧˡ
Ӧ߿϶Ҫһ
ӱȡһڴ׳ҵ򣬽а
ߡΧŹƣܰ
ǶƳսס֮һؾƳɷ¡
һ죬һ㶯ûС
ߴ˸Ƿ
ҲʧȤ
λɻȥЪϢԲǰæͳɡ
λ߻һۣȥ
Զӱ˸򣬵ȡ˳ﰡѽѽ̾һҿɾʣôˡ֨һ£ȡ˴һ鶪˻켸־Ʊˮ۵ٶȿʼڡ
ԲĿɿڴؿӱȻƭˣԭһղڣͷǬ
ӱҵһꡣʳʲô˼Ĳġ
Բô˵ЩСۣҲΪ˶һֲ꣬ΪԼΪԲʳԲǸľʱɢˡ
ȷˣ˽磬ԲǵѺȡ
ԲǺʵڣȡ䣬ӱšȡ
ֱһȥͻҺ̬ӱŽɽ˿У˿ĻҺ̬
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ĵ˿߹ˣʣϵǷµġȡһֻƿﵹϣ˼ָԲǵ
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508 

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509 

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510 ָ

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511 

δ𻰣һߵżﴫһһǧ飡

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512 ½1

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513 ½2

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ԲǴʦִ̫˷ţʦ㲻ڴ˽һ
ߴһһ½ĴʿʲôƾҪģ߷ȻһۺߣʦֻȳذæΪ˴˽Ը빦¡
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̧һ㣬ָԲǴʦ̳ĴͷǰߣҸǡûš
߼ҪڣһݲϣɾǴˣ꣬˽ķ޴ʦµ
ö⣬һϮߵʱɶߵķݣңңԶƮȥ
ӱǰϰߣҲǵȥ鷳ǴˣɲǸ鷳æգֻҡ
ö⣬ŷɣ֦һѡ
Щ΢ĺ£һ˶Զ㲻˵ˣֻԽ֣ŵӵԸٵÿ˵ŴҲƴ硣
ᱻһȵһɡ
ۣվͼһŹ֡ؿ˵ôɹͷ
һСŮܹͷʵ
ɶĺߣ֪Ūʲôطˣ
Ȼİᶼû
ůСʩƶǳˣŵӡ
СŮգ۾һãȻûĻ
ԶĲ¥ϣһ˸ӿİߣ³ֳƺһڸȥ˲¥߽ߣһݣλʦ̫Ǵİգ
ţʩдʡ
ӹشе̼֣˳ƶ󸻣С游̶̣зɮˡбᣬʦ̫Ĵ磬ıһ޶
ʵ˵маռΣػ
󸻳Ƭ̣֪ԭһֹ֮뱦ֳŷ̡ԭôĶۡ
֪һ˷Ƕǰ
󸻾Ůʻ죬˷ʦ̫ЦҴδŹ
ѵǷ˽磬ûзһ˵
ˣβʣҲѰش·
˭ã˵ǶжԶͲѰ·ȥʱټǵһɡ
ֵʦ̫˶ǲף絽ҼסЩӡһºұҪ̶ȥ̣ʦ̫ÿͬ򡣡
𣬡߶ʩˡ
ڶţÿҲʳⶡ֪ǱᣬҲ֪Ԥ֮ի֪ģŵһѪζ
ǵģûϴֱӾͳزˣմ˻ȣθҳԡ
-

514 ½3

һջҵ˾ͷֻˮͣƫڣÿճ˴оһģ
գ󸻵С˵ס˸Զıᣬº棬վڴ￴ϷһͳһöˮĹӣһҧ£ﰵʦ֣νȵ˽ģ֮֮ƾҰı£ɲ˴˽ˣ
СӼŮƾȡԽԡ֮գһÿ͵֪ǹ⺢Ƽģ˽ʲôϵĹʦǸƭӡ
գС͵ְֱЩƯĻŻԵýζˣһֻƯèܿԡ
ߣǺδİûУ
߲صޣ˼½
èһֻӣڳԹӡ
СӸǾˣԭè˵㡢׽󣬾ǳԹӵġ
·ˣèʡ
ߵƶ᲻˺ơ
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һݵ˵ѣġ
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ûԽԽ˵ѻˣתȡëӣСӼƲԣӣûѣģģ
˵滰Ͳء
Ϊ֤˵ʵק˸֪˼ҵһͷʲôҲûƼЩСӼٿһء
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ƵĿɿڴּһ̯ƽվͳֻյŲյһڣ㡣
ɣ
һѿڶ˭棿
ӿ룬֪˶Զ
СӵûƭɣһֻƯè˵˻ֻԻˮʱ򻹻Բ裬ˣǴģɡ
קסӣøҵɣûƭ
ɫأû˵ѡ
󸻼Сק˸֪ҵĹӣ֤˵ǱϽɣʱЦã־ҪӣСӴУɣĬҲƼˣûƭˣûƭˡ
ӵͷףүûѡ
Լѱգ˹ټҹһԲѣǲˡ
Ѱ٣ǵһٲɡ
СӼҪĬͿܣܱ߽Уû˵ѣΪʲôͲš
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Ĭ붡СӸܵ԰ͼ߻ﱧһֻè
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дŸ游ںƲһҪ֮󡣡
ĬèǸҡǼһд£
߻عè࣬˸㣬ؼҸǣ벻ţлԵΨһҴٵķӡ
èĬŷţֲһɵҶͷҰŵҵģĿľҪꡣ
Ϊɵͷۡ
Ĭ⻰˸Ҿתܡ
һؼҾȥ
ڣȥѰ˴硣
Ǹ꣬ʮ꣬Ҫ׼ͯԣڷܶ顣
磬ˡ
Ĭ㽫Լڶһ˵ˣ˵ֻèǸ˵Ļ
è˵ǴҰŽҼҵģ
Ĭͷ
ǳӳҲ֪٣ھǣ游ҲԶԼ޼ҵĶԹġ
Ĭ֪ˣֻǻʵߵ̣ʵҴҪǴ֣Һѱܿ
Ӱ˵ܵܣȱ˵֪ؼңֵܶ˷ȥѰ֪
֪˵꣬һ
塭Ǵҵˣ⡭⡭ܰɡ
ŵòᡣ
ĬǶסŵ˵ģһֻ˵èˣ˵ɴԷֻһˮ
ʲôɣ
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515 ½4

ĬŽŴµУɣǱɣҰɣɡ
ҾֱȭУ͵ŰݷһΣ̽
׹ϵһ˥ܲš
֪뾩ǹֻŵɲŷ򡭡

ųе֪˰֣ȥ׼һ£һ͹ȥʡ
ȥݷãĥֱӡ򵥵ķŷ𣬷𼣡񼣱õķӡ
ⲻ˶ùҲá
֪Ŷӽ£żֻɲǶͷΪ˺ġ
˿ֻ̣и˾ƣʲôˡ
֪˱ţͼǵİȾһƬӲӵĹǲ룬һüĿŮŮΧǰλò
˲ʶֻΪħݣ٣ڽħݣݣ
Ĭ˷ܵصǸڵģڽħ
֪յǽħǷҵİ˲ࡣ
ӹڵϣգĬǱ᣿
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˿̵İתš˲˾ɣһܴԲת֮Уջ֮
ȵ˴
ǰֻҪ޹ڳȥ˽ͬԿţʲô£ڴ˽罨Լĵ
һ룬ԽתõӦ֡
ӱڶϵһ꿴Ļǰġ
֪ųӰʱֽ֪ϡ
ͨ࣬ܿջȫǰյ֮󸻻һΪ޽£֪ǽ콵֮ϱ͢
£ػʳ֪˸һλϽ߸һֻèΪ˽ƶĵ˸µľأ½ķҲʢľ߷ԵŮŵŮᣬ׼Ůӡ
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˵ҵС㱻ȥ³ˣ
˲ÿķС㣿
˳ǣ˭
ټļҵȴֻŮ
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ң˳ҲЩ棬ίʵҸ㣬٣Ⱳȴһж÷ͷ˲٣ԭ뽫СǾ˲٣һֱˬҩȳԷࡣ
˵ȥ㣬Сܷ⣬èҪƽȹ٣Ψš
Ϊ˱סŮֻýȥ˰¡
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ȥèõĴǡԸԳ
ⲻ˵ܵ¶ӡ
Ա˼˭Цеġ
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彡ˣҲˣڱտڶǣΡ
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С㻹ѧһЩͨ磺þˮˮɳҶɺ裬࣬ԭҫķСԼҵܵܵϳ˷ͷ
Сʣ㲻Ҳͷɣ
С㲻ΪȻصҵŵӣ˵ҳԵδˣзȴԵһԵֻΪ׼ҵӡ
׼ҵӵı¶˵ãЩŵӲǸ
С뵽;ЩɥΪʲôԼͳԵδˣзȴ˵Եżλʦ㶼ԦУƼˡ
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˵ˣԷŵ˵ֻСϽ磬ķӵз컻յͨ㲻ʲô¡УһλŮܻǳ飬ܴݡš
߻˵Ƕѧı£ΪˣŮΪǿţʱͻзķŵǰֽ硣
С⡣
ô˵ǰзɷ
СͷǲصҲ֪ǸԵ˭ֻ˽Եðŵӡ
Сожˣ˵ȻΪڸŮεĲһ׮ԵƫãһҪܵӣ޲˽á
С㣬ʵҲûôã
Сɲͬ
С㵱ôˣһ˵õȮ죬һҵֽ֣ʹǸңĵط
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516 ½5

߷ߵصŷС㣬ʦ㡢ʦǲȫŷ¶ȫ塢ȫŷˣ˵ˣֻҪΪԵˣ׼ҾʿҲܷġ
СҪ˳ܡ
СֹӣԳɵϻʵеһƴ
ǲҪûȤڷҵĹ˷
ӱƵ˴ôԽϴء
ҲûʲôֻǸǽһЩŵ£ֻзԵߣܱǽŵӣЩŵģʱԼݸһȡ
ͷĴһѧһЩͨⲻóȥҫһҫԽŷúܣǰͨˣھͿˡ
Ŷԭ
Ҷŷ𣬶޷㲻ޣ͵µɡ
߸ûʲôǴһЩơ׵ĹѣΨеؽ׹޵ԪӤڣ޵Ƽ޵ᵤ
Լ㣬Ƶĵŵӡ
䣬һƺ쳾ĵӣ󣬾˴ʦ㣬ЩͽͷǹĴµֵȣڲ˵á
ӱ˴šš׼ҵһ˼ѪƵģԼٿȥ̲סҪ
ˣֻҪڴ˽ѰĿֺ꣬οһţԼݡţʱһѾǡ
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ӱصһаĵطλһŮӣĺȴû˫
գڳ󣬶ӵԼ˫ȴûУ˲ࡣ
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Ϊʲôûгأ˶ܷ
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ӱѹɤţصص޴ʿ治ҹάʮˣûš
Ͻʮģ½Ƕٶ꣬һǿɽɣȫʿڷ׽ӲʩչͨԼĵ
ĪЦ
ӱ滹һ磬Ϊ磬е鶼ӵѪϹŽһ壬Ϊ񡣾ҪϽ磬ͨ׽٣ܴȥѪΪʱΪΣóܻ꣬Ρ
Ī⣬֮»һ磿
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517 ½6

ӱʵ£µýˣ˽ǰͻȻи⡣
Ī۾޵İ磬֮ͨ󻯳壿
ӱ΢΢ףľĪ֮룬ܲС
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Ī뵽ʲôؼ㽫½磬㡭λģ
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һֱˣ
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ӱ棬˽磬ÿһһȻһγ䣬а˶᲻ԶǧϵɽĹ㳡ϣɴʦأٽƷַȥǾܱΣĳݡצӺβͣˮβȡ
ʵһּѪҩƣ뻯εЩƣֻҩЧԶε
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Уλź۵ˣ˫׵ӸʵλϽŮ£
ӱЩܹͨͨأڼǧǰ˽д˵˵Ͻ˽٣Ϊǿš
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кͷһСǣӭӹͣ
Ī΢΢һ
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ĪһһתͻһֻɫĴ˵ȥ
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ź۵ͣڹ㳡֮Уջ˳
׵ĺ˵Ǵ˽档ҵȽʦǴʦ
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518 ½7

ӱ񱳡
ĪΣƵᣬ˿ûղ֮·ϡ
ʦǻۣϽĴŮƺӦ¹ϵ
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Сʦ壡
÷һǿ֡
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ӱĳص÷ڴ˽ҽҽ츳߳ߣɽҽסȥԵˣָҽһ
Сʦ壬½˼ʱһô
-

519 ½8

ӱصҲǴ˽֮ˣڴ˽罨಻˽һеƾġԣ񣬵衣ᒽ÷ǰ鷢Լ˽ˣ۶֮࣬Ĳޡ
Сʦ˼ᱻ۸һ㣬ǧǵʱʱͷ̲ס𣬴˽ңỤסһ
ӱɣлˡ÷һߣֵ˲翿׻˵ɽɽˮˮΨԼǿԼã汾¡
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Сʦ壬ģһúõģ鷳
ҵȻ㡣Цû£Ҿͻȥˣأ
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520 ½9

µҲŲҪã
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521 Լ

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лңԭĶӱ˵ǳ
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ӹ䣬ʶһɨûеҩҲûνĺöһжֻǰǰʱģһδ٣Ҳһࡣ
ףԭⲻػ㶫ζž޸ϵ
ɨĴ䣬׵Ϊѽ֮ʣаδ
ӱ䲻ϲйһǰִǶùٺôԼġ
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ԼģʮƷҩ
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Ƕһǵʦһʦԭⷽѽ棬ΪؼĶ
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ֱӵľֱܾ̫ˣҲί񡢸ɾؾܾҪԷϣ֪жԭԵģǻŮ޵Եܵҹ䣬ٺõˣЩԹ֮ʴҲûС
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522 

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׳ԹˣһǧܽԪ񻯳ǧƣǻΪơۡ׳ʱΪҷ𣬿˭뵽мӹһ٣ƾ⼸Ƽ˿꣬ԼɢĻǽؾۡ
ҳѪ̫֮ǿ󣬱游ס常ӡѪΪҵǿѪ㾡Ϊ֮ţȥֻء
ɸû뵽֮ʱһǵ磬׳һƷֻҲ˹ȥ׳һ޾
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󲻵ãŲ¡һ࣬󲻵ãһЦŲ£ȴһĽᣬܷˡ
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׳ںһս˰׳֮Ļش׳׳ֻ̫ʲôŹֵķָ
׳Ϊúܿ죬ħҪΪϿѴﵽ
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523 ûӰ

ڷ˽罨ͳô˵ЩΪ
ӱЦ֪ŵɰɣȥĻ½ˣǶ޵ͳ󰡣Ļ½ʿţȫµӡ
ЩˣӾ
ڵһվ˵Ҷڣ£Цһܿģܿ죬Һܿšߵһᣬ㡭ȥ½
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ӱͬȥʥʥǶһȦ˵ƵĻ˵ҲǷӦƮȻȥ
ʥǷӦ
ʥӦʱӱûӰˡ
ڴҶͳǧɣȵʱ򣬷˴½Ƕˣ

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ĥ䣬ڼĥ
ӱȥ÷һУִҽм츳ĵӣоǶ£úϰ֮
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׵һУһʮͷģһʮģͲȣȴɫ
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˵Σкδ㣿
÷Ƭ̣곤ǹҽ̫ĲΪūſຮ֮أϴһҽ飬Ȩ̫ҽΪ˵õ飬;ȫҶˣʣһˡмҽ츳ɰæ
ѧúģչҲԸ빬Ϊҽֻ䡢ɽҰ֮ҽ
һǮ˸ļɽͷڴ˽˵ֽۣҩȣü̳²
裬ӱ
ҽߣԭǽˣ˳ƶҽӿǰ׷ɱΪȣҵҽԶ֮ˣšҪʦ
ӹЩȴҽҩˣϲѹ֢ԻơԼĲҵֻѧҽ
ٵĺԭȨҵĺˣĸȴŮĸʱܻȫ壬ŵѳ󡣺丸ϥӣҪȥϣ丸Ҫв峤Ϊ˱ֻ游ؼҡ
룬õܼƣĻ䣬丸ҵһӣӾ͸ˡʹӼ˳ֿۼڣΪؤˡ
ҼԼ㣬аǣҲڹС
ӱ΢΢ͷ
ԣȴ¶͡
ӡӶиڣһ㼴ͨΨСӱҽ顢ҩףѧüЩӡ˵ˣ˽¶ָ㡣
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껯ӰƮڷɣǰһŮ˵Ĵףӣٻң
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ɣҶɳɳҡţӣлл㽫ҶӴش˽硣
ӱ³ԾԪԪǷɣĸĶӡ
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ʼСʳѿһСֹ֪˶꣬С˴ʳкɫġɫġɫġɫɫĶµתɣɫӣֲ֪˶ãɫӳأӡ
췢壬ħ壬𷢵ķ𣬺ڷƷˡɫ壬ΪŮкԾšСɢ
ħѪɫڵϣܱһħѪǺдЩ΢ϣڵϾܻһֻ
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ΪԽԽ࣬СҲ޷ǡ
վڷɣ棬ɣĸæΪǵĺѰĵռ䡣
ɣĸóɣǣǡԸΪǵĺ𣿡
Ը⣬Ը⣡
ɣĸǣֻҪ䣬Ϊɴ½ǵĺӾӵ㹻Ŀռ䣬ӵ㹻Ǻӳõʳ
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524 

һǷûԼ˴ء
ڶɾΪԼĺӻ˸ɽ
ȴС£˾Сѡֻ̫ˣǰɣĸ񣬸һתĻᣬ˵ֵܽǶЦҵСҿĵҲΪŮĸҲҪŮˣתҪˡ
ĸΪǵĺ½
⣬½ÿһƬ޶Ƿɣĸһ
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ĸ۵ظΪˣǲͬ
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ֻһһȴΪˡΪʡΪʼδܷ
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ħԪϣһƷֻҲϣзɣĸĻ˵ħ۰׳ħ
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525 ŵ

ΪԼħ˴˽硣
룬׳ԭڴ˽ġ
׳ֻֻ֮»صԼĵط
ӱʵһĶ
ɣǵطȥҽǶϣܱסĻǲɢҲĻǣ
ӱ¹һ飬һǵĵط꾳
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һķŵӣӱԳϣȴˡ
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531 ת

һ棬ɣܣҲ©
סһڶ
ӱſʶһɮˣɫӣ˺
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ǰڲ¥ɮ˾ڽһյ裬һֱӱ˵
ӱԲǵʦȥ潫λɮһҪ񾴡
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ɮ̾һʮˣ½Ҳ֪Ƕ꣬˼׺ɣ˼ħޣħޱޣ޳ޣֳ˼䡭
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ɮҡͷ˽˲㣬ֻܹһλŮҪɷΨȥ硣
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ɮ˵ƶɮиƶɮ֪һطҲ뿪˽Ψһϣ
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һ˶֮˷ģһԺɮ˵ⶫ˵ɵ죬ӽȡϡ˵뿪˽ȡ֮ȴ޷һꡣ
ԭӵϷԺԺɽ֮С
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ӱҽѪãѪǣ֮ϵ½Ͻȥ֣Լɵ֣ͷӡһҵľѪ㽫·壬ֽҵĸס˵ТŮӱϥ¾Тˡ½ңΪģǻİΣҲ̨˼İ
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532 

Ȼӱǲ÷
Բʹһȥգӯӯ⡣
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ԲǺӹַԼУѾ޳һɽ㹻ղһö֡
ӱҧָѪ밼ۡ
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534 ĸ

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535 ʷ

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538 

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539 

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540 

ɣŮŭ˭˭ȡ˱Ľӡ
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541 ླ

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542 

ӱ಻֪÷񣬽˰ǵ̣һߵɽۣѰ˼ȻطȴһͩͩģǻǾѪִͩʱ˽á
˴ûǴ󣬶Ǽǿڻۣ׾ѰȥСת֮ͽͩĸǰ
תٻɢһϲϢʼʥ幫»Ů洺ˣ뿪˽磡˽Էһѣ̫ѣǿԸ뿪
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ǾǴģ
һû뿪˴˽Լ˵򣬾ɽҲȥˣѭƬصĹ򡣵һӣһ޳˴ԭΪܴ뿪ȴ
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ӱ֪䣬ɱΪ𣬵ҲѳˣһƬ½ǡ硯
긾̾û룬ﾹȻˡвԼᣬŽɫĹâ
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ֻ˲֪˶꣬ȷʵʥķ壬򲻻֪½ʷ
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543 

գͩɽӱʥľߴߴصҿͩŮˣһ㻹ССƫ˼Ҷа䡣
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Сӱ벻ɣ²ɣɣŮܣǽΪһƬҶϡıҶڵ̷ˣöþܷ񡣡
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544 ʧ

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545 

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546 Ҷ

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547 кθ

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548 

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ص˲ɣˣԸķ䣡
ǰǸƵˣļĥ⸱Ӳĺĳ
̤ǰȥĪ˺ѷεĿ޽У»㣬ˣȾҶܣҹΣҲãҡ
ȻЦ磬ȵġ
ӱûлͷĪ޵ö˺ѷΣȻҪϣͶϵóףʹʧˣ֣ΪʲôҪѡ
Щһȥա
һڳţûɱɣԵϣɣĽվǵա
ɵŮسɳʧӰ
ɵۺʣղţΪʲô֣
Ц𣺡ûֶ뱾£óȻֻ֣ܡ
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ʵΪʲôɱЩˣ
˼ã»Ľϧػʹɱˣ㲻ЩһλᣬǿִԲ顣
ӱƾƽʵĳԼһҲù
ȥҰˡ
ʱԭʳǵİռ䲨ϲվ
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½꣬½֮ãҪΪ˽Ϲ½飬ܴ˽ʱٵĿƣԪҲľˡ
Ȼڴ˽ĳϣٰݷߡ
ֻǿԼͽͽһһȥ絶ʣֻӱЩ
ӱֻ⣬ˣǰòȬء
Щ⣬˭˵𡣡
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ӱû𻰣ԼĺҵжƣɫڻҺ룬һ´պݶˡ
յʱƺš
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ݣһţǰ֮󣬶ת˲˲ӰΧŷ쿪
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549 

ӱʵΪûȡҵˣ
ƶˣһƵģ⡣
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Ѿģɽ½ȥʥһ̫ˣΨһĴˣоʵ̫¶
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һ˯ǧģÿԸǴߡ
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Щӱʣǻᣬܲܳɣȫƾǵı¡
ѡӣӱʼݡţһ뿪ˡ
ȥǺ磬ǰǷ䣬һ޽硣
ֺãԴǸǿ
ӱ뵽ȡˡнֻ£ʵڲ
ԲǲҲ˵
ӱݡŶˣ
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벻ףֲٳ֣»˼һȫûˡ
߷ݣʰ׶ϣţӱЦûʲô˵
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֣ģ
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ԹһأһΡ
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ӱصҿţȡˣǰ͸ɹÿʱܻᱶСġ
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תһ仰κȥĥ
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ɡɣࣩ𣨻䣩㲻֪
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550 

ʥյô֪ԭȥ½æˣλͻȻʧȥѶ
ʧ٣÷ҲûϢ
ʮӱоɣ˼֮żȻҪ뿪ܵ˴кѶϢԼڰٲݷͤһ
ֳʱҩڶ䶯ˡ
û½šҷ׷ǰݷãϣҲӵĻᡣ
úܿ죬еӱ۷Ź⡣
ӱ˵һҪؼˡ㡭ԸԸȥ
ƤЦصԸޣҾͻȥԸҾͲȥ
ӱָϵ㣬ʾȡá
㲻ؼ磬⣬˽綼˽ǧ꣬ǱҲнǧʱ⣬ĸĸˡѡҲûŵˡô
ˣÿ϶ܵصȢ巿檣ΪͽڣԪӤڣӶˣôõʱڴ˽ôļҵô˵Ͷ
Ǹ룬ĵеһƴ
ӱ̾һͺá
˫۳Ե϶ʵòɣ㵽׳ʲôҪƣ
ӱҪֱˣԾһ
ȡһö֣ͷ׵֮һԵ֡
Ǹģȥ½ʱ֮б㿴ˣһƾʨɾ֪ҪΪԤˡ
ۣƵॵмֳ֮ġ
Ц㲻ʯգ
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ˣֲˣϵأġ
Ҿֵ㡣
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Զεĵӻ⣬ʱʱִ
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ҩвٵӶбԹ˵¹Զ绳򸾹б˽ҵ¡
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ӱֳ꣬ʱʱעΧ
ӱҪ裬һȡ˲Цŵ£ǵӷ͵ĺá
ʱ찤һ£Ӵе࣬Ӹ
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ʥľܿħܿһжҩûá
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һҲҪΪ˸Լ¶
Ųյһ£һɵ۵ŵЦһ仨ֻҪԸһھܷϽ磬¹⻹̵һɾıʱɷޡ
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ҩ֮УǻеôѰҩģ֡
Ӵʲôϴ¹ⶼˣֻ˵ϴѰš
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ڰǰ̧ض⡣
˺æס˳
ǴǴŶŭҲɱϾһɱĸ׵¡
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ƣˣԲˡ
ӱһѽϵĲյϣӸΪصڵϣ⣬¥һǮֽߣ㹦㡭㡭
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ݲ԰ףȷʵ˶ͻطſ˶ӣ콻ıֻҪ㽻ҿɵ۷Źһ
ɵۡ
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551 ϳ

ȴһЦ˭˽ǵīɵۡ
ЦɣҾ񣺡ɵۣΪʧôС
ɵ۹Ц幫ޣѪĶŮһӵŮѪ
Ļû˵꣬ǻͱճƶǰܿأǸĻȼա
ӱͨȫѪʶƴ˽еıΪƣָһ裬һöںɫҩͷɵ۵Уʴɢ㣡
īطסɵۣۣۡ
ӱ˵ǴǴʯͷײ֡΢̧򢣬ĹһݣǾҽ
ЦЦüҲܵٶĴѧԡܣǱԼ֪ҽôũˣǾȻũ¶ⲻǰŪ
ֱһ̧˿еĸ壬˵գеҲáʿҲգô
Ķɱ
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ҲģǱҵģҲǡͻẦ˵¹⣬Ҷӣء治⡭
ӱһɨһɽҾ֪Ƿȴ˱ƣΪ˺ôӦġɣһɾ㻹浱Ҳ֪
һ䣬һǿ罫ȵڵأ޵ģǹ˵ĺ⡣⣬ˡˣ˭׵̻֮ʱ̳˭˾ѵ
īνһӣĽȴʱˮϣۡ
ӱһɨīɳʮɿ⣬Լײһ㣡
ͻָգӷֻһʹӱק˳Ҵӷ˱Ůޣ±ʲô
󣺡𣬵ӴˣҲˣӡ
ӱƳһŻʱޡ
û㻹ԪӤԪӤ˰Ԫһʱˡ
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īԭ̫ӵķ룬Ǽҵôɽ壬Ҳûˡ
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ҪԪӤֻа˰Ԫôݣתۼſڵϣʹధ˵ҴˣңˣҲˡ
⣬㻹мְǣͱ⸱ģ
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552 Թ

ӲۣϲСˣҩ¶ۣΪ˺ôΥģԼŷˣҩڵҡɸԼգǮơ֮أŮܻٵһ˵;
Ҳ֪Ĳ֪
ʹҡͷֻҪֻҪŲźá
ӱʧȥģһ䣺ĸ뿪գԵ˽
ʱϣ¼еǳ
٣ǽյĵ·
㣬ҰɣңңҾͲ˵ȥ
ǴҪвˡ
Ϊ˳ɣΪ˳⻹伫
Ŷҵʲôܣ
ӱû뵽˴˿ֻ̣֪ģȴĻڹΪԼˣٶŷˣʧԼ
ʿʧԼ¡
㡭ҲǷ糾Ůӡ
ݺģ˵ԼԷ糾¥ôԼֻʲôá
ӱŶһ糾΢΢ҡͷ˭һε棿²һٵһΡ
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׳ΪԪ񡢷ֻ긽ϾܶһĻᡣлᱣƾҪ
һΪ̵ξһЦȻ˷֣ͲˮҪϾͶϵóס
ⲢǻҲ٣һˣ¾ʿӱ
ش𣺡ӱαʲô壿㲻ǣɽһСá
ӱΪȻصˡ
˵⣬ȴ񲡣
ʧԪӤݲϣнľһԪʣ޼
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ǴãǴãһ㲻ңҾ͸ˣǰǰٻ¥ͷƹǸã
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ҪҺãһֱҺãΪʲô󲻹ңΪʲô󲻿ϰָҡ
Ц÷̣׶׳𣡡߽⣬¾ʿԭйصģ㲻ҪΪеһƵϣͿıԡ
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ýҴ¥ȳΪǴҺãɸҼޡһƾʲôҽ¸ߣƾʲôħŮǸð
ӱ˵һ֡
Ϊŷ˵λı䣬ԭһԤףֻǱӱˡ
һЦԪӤõҩѳİɣ
ⲻ⣬ǰӱ˵ƵĻ
ЦǴãΪζ˴³Ƶݡ³ȷˣϼ÷ͽӡ
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553 

Խ⣬أ
ҡͷΪҪתֻҪһƷֻ긽ʶԷıϣͬ£ԣҽסڸ¡ֻŻΪ£³ƣ㲻Լ̫Ц
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ڵϣҲ˵һʼŪˡ
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𵭵شӵеļ䣬¥꣬Ϊ˱סףúࡣ㣬Ϊ˲Ƚӿͣӳ¥ԸҲΥġ
ͬ£ͬ㡣㣬ײ£ûĳĲģû
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ƾҪһشãҲǷ㣬Ҳûδá
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һ۵ӣ״ȣɼһʼ͸Լݡ
ۣĻ
һʦ㣬Ҳ˵Ϊ
ΪʲôͬⵤΪӣһһʦ㡭
ҩڶҶԣ;оһջ˽֮Уûκһ˸ҵҵʦҸҺ֮˸Ӧ𣿡
غʡ
ʥ񣬡²ףԭ¡
ӱɨ⣬ľľεҲ䲻񡣡һ䣬һǿľϮ볤䵽˻شǰ
˵һ֡
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ΨӣΨ⣬ΪԪʹ࣬Ƕõĳͷ
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ɸͷˣ
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ڵϣһɳ
ɵɵĹֱС
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ĸ۳һҪǰ۶ƵɶǶ棬ֻҪ룬˵ĺá
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ӱص˽磬δ˹һҲɱҲԸɱ˭ñ˫أⲻҲͷˡ
ӣ̫ӾֵرۣɹԸԼԪ
ӱ׳һ磬ͷЦºͣû͸Ϊ˾ѳͷ
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һýѣ㣬˱˵ţûС
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ӱ淨ʥɿ亹ֱðҲ֪Щδŭɵ۸ӶδŹм˵ˡ
ʱӱһڵèè꣬ȥֻתɣסè빷ͣҪץ˵ñʱץסðߣ㵱ʳ
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554 Ŀ

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ĸβֲҲ̫ӣѵī£īѾûˡ
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˾þõسĬɵ۸ӳȻǱӱʰˡ
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⣬ǰȥ½һҲʵ壬ǰĳǳػڣҲڣںϵһ
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ӱһߣʥ嶼Ƿ顢伸壬ͻȻ֪ԭǻˣ˱࣬ǻϲµĪĶ飬»嵫зԸҵȶӣлѰʧˡ
Եɺ˶ѡ
䣬ӱʹɣϻ塣
ʥ̫ԽԽ֣˵߿ڣзҲˣ겻ľȻ˶ʮˣôף
һɨֹˣǸʧˣ»ѰģڻǸ֪˱ҡ
ôĶǸҪˡ
ɵѾͷƺҲɵ֪ʩƣĮ塢ķһⲻĺá
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ʥ󿴵غʮͷϻصü˫ʮ껪ãľͱʮͷûƳﲻԣ
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ʥҲҵɻ󡣡
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562 

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564 

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566 

Դ򶫷ֳ֣аħӲǱƵñԭǨԭʳֻʵʹһάƣʵ۾ͽٽ͸˱ˣ룬屻аħơ
·Ϊǿĵǰأȴ޲ʧǳأҲһֱԭء
ħ֣ʳ˼࣬ྩһضа˴ħ֣٣߾֮
˶ϣڳһλӣܽħаϳ˼䡣
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567 

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йʺ󾹱Ѫá
ش󺰣ܣǲǲˣ꣬ҿΪѪ̫ųΪһ֮ĸ
ͷ̫󣬡ĸѪΪȴûӦ
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568 ׻

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569 

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570 

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572 ڽ

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㡭ʲô
ͷ˴˸
ӱЦô۸һŮӣҲʹǳֶΣǹԹ԰ѱ
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ӱһˣѽȻããִ̧֣гԼʳأѰŻᣬԿ֮ɵɽкβͬ
߿֮У꿴ĻŮҲ̫ˣȻֱʳ˵򡣡
ֵˣ
㵲ѡ
ӦǸͷģԭ˲ͷˡ
Ҳ˵ϳŷҪ
Ѿγǳɾ˼䣬ŮΪȴвôģ˿̾ȻΪʳ˵
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ʯͻغһƣȻƷδӱקеˣһǷʯ

һҽУʯͷһеӡ
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590 Լ

ӱŭ޵ıǱ͵Ϯ󱲣ҡ˵һΣֵǮıùһǵ򣡡
򣬴䡢֮Ŀռ䱦õò࣬󲿷ֵ˶Լʶ򴢷Ʒ
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ϷһЦӵգסˣ»ҪԵ㣬Ҹռ䣡
ʱջ֣Լػʶ
ͷӸɴȡֵǮĶͨõԪʯֳΪʯϡɲɻɹϵȵϡ
ˡҵð֮
˴ͷеڶ
ӱȴδ򣬶յԼϣһϵĶͶѳɽ
һ֣ǽԣǼƽϡˣ
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󣬴ͷ˵ĸߺ㻹ûǽ⿪أ
Ѿˣתԣ
ԶԶƮȴ۵Ӱӡ
£ֻһعֽеǿղضıлˤʹġ
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ŹŹֵ֪衣
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ɽţɽɽµҲɽʮĶǾס
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ӱ̾һԲǴʦ棿ݷеҵıͨʦ˵õȡ
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ʱһȵɮˣǵԲͨӳߵɮˡ
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кãкã
˶ڵ˵ס֣ã
Բ˫ͼӱͷ
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˭˭ˣȥʽԼҪʵԴ䡢۸ʵ۴һ磻·ϣһǿŴ٣ѾѾģҲ֣{ӣ
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ӱɫûˡЦؿͷγȻ˳ջ񻹲Ҵһĺöͨ˶Щ¡
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591 

ʦҲ֮о仰ʱѷֱһʱѷֵľͼһ롣ʦջˣöнӡգ
ԲӡĶѱԵЩαˡ
˵סŵĲһöнӡеӱ㳣ȥ½һСɽͷСס֣ôίʵסѻǽöСĸƶɮգ
ӱ΢Ƭ̣ʦǾðˣ
ԲЦ
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ӱöСģֻȴȡ˺ӳһСӡã˽ʮ꣬ͳнԲ죬㣬ɽ̵½顣
Բǽӹлӱ
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ѾѾģԽԽԶˣʥ֮Уν塢ν壬ϹƵĴŮ活ʡ˻ʣλ֮λɼνаѪ֣ƶа
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592 ۾

ҵĲ²ӦǴģô϶ϣĴڣڱҪʱǣ塢ħ壬ɡ񣬵ǲݺӵġԴҪҪʥʥǹעĽ裬Ҫһζ½硣
һ治ã˵˶ûУҲ֪ˣǵġ
۾ԣͷʱ˿ӣʱڲȴŽɫĹâһǺӡ
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ѵ
ѾΪȵˣûз
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ҽǣֱֱʻҽϿգȭ»ҽ常
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ӱһС죬ۣ˪ʹ˽ĸ
˪Ӧһǡͷͷȥˡ
ҽһᣬһְŪŹǮǣʰһöҽĹǮ常⡭ȻػĹĹǮʮʱڵϡűң
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򱻳ΪأǶ񻰣񻰣ﶼأĹ˷ֱ磬磬һһط˽硢ɽ硢ɽ硢磬˼Ƕһλ
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ҽܸо䲻йҲĶģ
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ֱڣҽУӱԶ૵ѾͷĪʵۣʽ˽ӡ
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ҽĽӡ
ҽ»ǶСĽӡ˵ǽõļױĻ»ûӰұܰգ
˪㶣һμʦ棬ĸ˵͸ĸͶĸĶ
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Ȼû죬ȥ
Ťͷ˴
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593 ʩ

ҽ¶һĨЦ⣬»ѾͷЩŵֻδʵ۵ģ
ôܵģû˽ӡҽССöҽҲִƵ½ˣø½
ҽִƵĴ磬Ҳˣǵþ
վչ
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أô˴ĶȥֻСϡ
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ڼõġĶᵽ˿ⷿԵġʵ͵˴
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˵ĶЩʲôʴʻ㣬ֿϵһž÷ʵۡ
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ɫģ֮ӡɫģн֮ӡɫģС֮ӡ
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594 ⶾ

ӱһЦ˾˿ɲָⶾһծûأ
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595 ֲ

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ʥ΢΢һЦɽǷϾֻһƬ磬һ˴ܻһȴ磬ʥ󣬹ΪҲʹá
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½Եʣ׶԰СѶ֪½Ůòְˣ˵ˣְΪԭ򣬲Уүүġ
磬׶԰ʦǳֻϻĶ裬һֻϻ裬ӱ뵽Լһʱӱ׶԰Ҳѧ׸裬ʮСѺʦϲ׸裬Ϸ档
ڶڿʱǸСѽƴһСѾʶеƴʦ
֮ʦ˼䣬ǵСһĽ
֮Ϸˣ塢ΰ壬ӱԼСһ棬ʵ˷ʱ䣬׶԰ʦɣʵû˼һ˽ңʦѰ
ʱеСѾһʦÿһСϵΧȹͷףÿСѶһķˣֻЩԶЩЩЩЩĲ
ˮ֮˯
Ϸ衢裬ѧȻƴ
ӱãֶǼľúġ
һĵ룬ؼҡ
һСʳôûԣ
ˡ
׶԰𣿡
á
Ϊʲô
СѺʦ棬ûȤ
Цˡ
ӱһ޿֣һ̵Ŀͼʶ鼮˵Ǵ»ģʲôС裬ʲôѩҹ඼ˡ
ӱð̽Լƴֶָ;һԿ
֪˶ã̼ӱˣźȥ˯
ڶ׶԰ӱðװ˼ȥ
СˣʱʦͻȻֲһʱټʦѰˣΪܵ׶԰ͷһڽ￴飬һһٵض
ʦǾȣ갡ôʶôˣĵߵı󣬷СָͷһһֵضżиӵģȻѧƴһĵҧ׼û
һȡһ
ڰʦʦһСѵıЩ棬Ҳƿʶúö֣ҲԽԽϤͯ첻ɲǺ
ⲻ׳ҵŮʶôˡ
ʦæǰЩУ˵Ƿգ٣ͲСһ档һ˶ڽ￴顣
ֶһֱߣûˣֱߣЩһ㶼ÿ
ڴʦЦǰÿ飬ҪҪȥ
Ҫ
Լʦǰ˼ˣҪڴ档
뽫Сûӣʦֻöʦæչˡ
󣬴ʦʶֶ࣬ƴҲҼӼһ̾ͻᡣ
ܿ죬׶԰԰֪ˣ⿼
İ̱һһϲѶҵûͷתʶ֣ܶʮڵļӼһڡᱳ˷ˡ
׶԰ʦжСѧӵģͽԼҺӵһ飬ȻᱳȫˣϢ׶԰ʦСѣٵҳ£֪׳ҵŮǸš
ίǴԼҶϱϢģƲԼͱĶӡ
ίһЩΪȻĸ׳ƨ˸°ɣĺӣʶ֡꼶⣬ôģ
ίϱЩηĸֻƽ޵żңǽ˺š裬£ĸٰҽԵʱ򣬺öҳΧأǰİʦĽ꼶Ծƣġѧȫء
зӦ˰ǱߣѾ˴˵绰ȥ˷ܵرϲϲ׳ϲ׳ɵСϲˡ
Сܣ㰢̵Ľûأҵʲôϲһºִ˼ϵʮ㣬һھӴĥγɵġ
׳ŮڿϷĴ˰
ôˣ
ڲϵ·һ񣬡ôˣ
׳ᣬֻͷ˵׳һŶͯȺŴôݡĿһĿʮУԣġ磬ȥ׶԰ˡ԰ǰʦȡСѧ꼶Ծüһ׳һ֣
-

602 

׳ָŵ绰һ̫󣬡СܣΪʱľˣҪʵǣܿŰҼŶ󣬻ܻ꣬Сѧ꼶Ծ
׳췢ģʵѾ׶԰԰ˣʼʦרŸĹΡСǶ磬ǾһŶͯ˰ںܺãҽʲô˵ҪҽΪʲôҽ˵ҵҽ̾ͲͲٳԿҩҩˡ
·ֹסỬ䡣
Ѿûˡ
϶Ҳˡ
СԼ㱨ʱ˲˵ϣ̺µ˶ǽֵģ˵ϣ޲
·ҲƲס°ǲƲˣͻȥɣڶˣʲô
˵ǸβģҽҺˣôܻȥ
Ҳˣǻȥɡ̨²ˣܼһ棬ﲻ̤ʵҲˣˡ
Ů˼ʱйĺ飬һʰ·˿ʼʧʹ
Сӵĸģ˵ôŬΪԼ̡
·˾ԼһĶСŮĻˣԺȫǳǰСŮס޺ۡ
׳ϰ޵һ߰㣬ջܲסϰ˶˻عķɻƱβʲôģֻ˶ţԼʱٳ
·һ·ɻؼңֱ׶԰ȥ
԰İ칫ңͷⰲСӵĿСӣԱ׶԰ʦţڸ⣬ʱʱصͷȻձʿʼ㣬㲻öãֻǿϵó׻̫Сû
·Ƶᡣ
ţ׶԰̻ˣ
ŲºӣǰˡЩû׶԰鷳𣿡
ûأ׶԰ͷ⺢Ӻܴѧʲôһ͸ʱԼҲס̳һҪ߶Щ飬м׶԰ʦƼһǽޣʲô˵ˣ
·Խܣãһֱڴ־ͷˣҵĸ˭Ķס
ԼĲԼһô˵СŮܿࡣ
˭ģ˭ף˺ö࣬˵ˣֻ飬˵Ҫѧ¡ҽҪƲ
˵ͷʦ߳԰˵꼶ϲ֪ʶˣܲܿԣ˵ˣͿԻؼҵ̡
·ֹ뿴⺢ӵѧʲô̶ȡ
׶԰ĬһԾҰ칫ȡԡ
·´ŵӣڸ԰칫
һСʱͼʦǣ
Ƭ֪·˱ֻ̣ԺﻹһƬհףһĲĸôڱһͷ
ĸһŵŮˣȻɫɰ𪣬ȴѾ̫ࡣ
ǰǰԼȥѾʮ꣬ڵʮǰһĹŮԱһϦƺµĲ
ŮԱΪԼӱмƣıóѣһҹСȢ֪Լĺӣ˻顣
ֻǣûа磬֤
룬һ飬Ů˾ſĹֺ׳ᣬΪ˻ؼҽѵӣ룬˻һ١
ֻҪƽºӣԸ뷨תҵԸѧҵ󣬰æһЩȦĴʶ
Ů˵õ㣬ƽ
ֻδ£ˡʮ죬ͷȥ졣һ룬Ϊʾǣ׵ģҲ̵һȺݵĽɫ浱ԼǴˡ
Ѿܾû¼ϵˡ
̻
·˻ϲſ˫ۡ
һ£˵
ǰĲĸĸǰ̻ٵǸŮˣס·ˣ̣
Ҳһ·ɻ͹ˣ̸·ˡ
ԱߵʦõԾ԰ҼˣĵĿͼ˵֣ѧ֡
·˽ӹԾͷдŵġСѧ꼶ϲĩԾٿͷֵķˣ
С̣׵ģһѧѧЩӡ󣬼ãɲ鿴𣬿һͶˡ
·СԴԾҾʹȥˣЩǷˡСĵؽԾ۵ã¥ȥ
һңͼ˺öˡ
-

603 

׳ǰĲ£ľ٣̸Цһǣʻˮ̡ѵȸӪƷ
үүүүˣ̻ˣ
׳үүֿˡ
׳鲻عˣ⣬˵ʲôû䣬ɴ¡ʱѧĵطǵ¹ﲻʽӢʲôģö
ӭ˹̣ô
ĵĿͼʶֿ֣Ļá
Сæ⻰ǫˣҿȥƹѧúܺٶȱ꼶Сѧ죬ȫˣʦ֡
·Цһ£ӳŮɷ˼ڳ黳һֱڣŮŶͯǻϲģҲζţǷĲͬͬ亢ӵȤ
׳԰̵Ӳã¥ϢҲ¥̺òã
Ӧһܹɵ·˵¥
Сܵ׳øڶǾˣֹɴϻۡ˵ĹĿа
׳Ǿᣬ˿ԼŮϻۣⱾǺ£Ǿòûôţ⺢ֻǰЩ
Χǿ֮
¥ϣ·˿ŮԼͯ£ƽҲ̤ʵˣһʧܣӾ͸ˣŮ󣬿Ůϻɴ
̧ﺬЦ⣬صһβ
·Цˣã̵ҽʱβ
ͯ飬ߵǰ΢˫£
ҷһɡ
£ȡһռͷݵ֡
ɱˣƹöĸԤģڻԼϰա
·˵ʱķĸףŮһûŮԼӴģɷʱ£ֻֻۣۡ׳ûзӣԭ򣬴žӵȡݣҲԼӡ
һ˵ó
ڵǷֻ갡
֪ǣڵʵǱ꣬ʵȸǶµĲǷֻꡣ
͸ô룬ҲãҲգʵ
֦ӡ
ţ
òӣǰͶһֻռӵ̶֦ʵؿͨƺܾ¡
һѪϣһƬҩҶӷڱСĵشˮϽˮ̣Ȳ衣
·˽ӹ豭ͷҶӣӴʲôҶͦÿ
һתȡСףҶι·̣ġ
·˽˼£һɴδйˬůȫȷ㡣һŮˮղſˮһĶųˣĶ˺ܶءﲻЩְ̣ôСӽӴˮô죿
Ị̇׻ǲġ
һͯ飬ǰ·˺˯·˯̹ԣ˯ˡ
·̿סƫקǣҪϣ˺ӵģ˳ӵɵϡ
׳Ŀ뿪ʱɫѾˡ
ʣ׳Ҫô
ˣϢá
죬ÿȡҶӸ·ˮżҲ׳ͬһ
Ķ£ϷǸпһ
ҹ׳绰̸츳Ҳ֪˵ʲô
棡ʲôӶ֪̿࣬ȴ˵СҪ棡ţ͵ðɹҵĶ֮ģ
ҲŮСʱһ֪顢飬ҲΣҲþͱƽƽǿ١ԸŮ֡ƽƽ
׳˶ӵĻúĴУӱ죬һڴӸ绰֪ͨһ飬ʼͲȥ׶԰ˣҺ뼸մӾУҵ´ѧ
˵ԼĻȵһҵˡ
ҹ׳ڲϺʹѵһ٣ȻѵӣҲѵ̡˵˵׵úܲӣӺӵԸ֮ࡣ
ҹʱ֣СشԼķһֻСƿͷһ֦С֦⣬ͷֻƬҶζҲ㹻׳·
һ죬Žſһ졣
ֻ谵ȵ£һűӣһŻƿŵ׳򸾵ķȥƳһС죬ƿСĵط뷿ţȻغš
-

604 

°̾һСӶϲ棬Ҳ⣬׼תȴڿˮϽ˴뱭ˮͷ˲ףԽ档һΣֽס˱ӣϻ˿֣ŵؽ׳򸾵ķ䡣
̽˷ţ͸϶߽󴲣һöԲķָĶ·˵ְ֮ͣСι˼ˮ
߽׳ͬιһöҩ裬ιˮ
Ƕ£һүү̣һָģңβǵĲϾûεˡ
ػף˭ߵǰʰ˵ϵĻƿ֦ϵĿռڡ
̻طıӰղŶˡ
˰̵š
Ӧ˭
ţŶ룬Ŵƣ̵ܿĲصǵŮҲẦǡ£ҲϣκˣܵɷͶӡ
̵Ĵһʱհף۾ŷһ˵ĺ⣬Ͱ͵صҡ˭Ҳ˵ġ
תȥסˣʲôҲûƼֻҪԹһүүǰΪ˵顣ɷǰҲһ£оҩӣ˵Ժҩ
һ̬Ҳ˵ģ
ֻҪ뵽ǰ״ߵỊָ̇˵ɷǰ̡
ɷǰûˣҲùˡ
ΣҲ˺öŵɷ򻹸ڴĴ˼ǧǮľƣŽŪ׳ҵķ
ΪɷҲΪ롣
ӻ뿼Уأ׳ɲ¡¹УʦܱвھУ׳壬δ˾ӶʱЯ˲٣Щȫŵ
ЩЪµĺá
ǣǣ˯
صԼķ䣬û˯ڴϣ˼һʼ𹦷ԵĹţãҲž֪ʲô
ûְ͵Ǹܷ£ЩΪΪԵģֻΪ˷һ
һޣһоûС
ѾûǵĩʱʿҲûˡ
ͷһ󼱴ٵĽŲ׳һһ죬ҲûʲôôֶӡС£С£ȥûֶӰɣ
׳򸾵ϴּѾ·˸ռˣֻŵһɶζ˲޻ζ¼ŵò׳ûζˣҪӡ
ֵǣӣǵûþԽԽá
׳ʰ̣ĶĲˣ
׳˵СӣͷˮͲˣҶԲġ˵Ҵ⻹ˮ߲ˣмԱ⣬ÿ컹ÿǰпũҩģҶû򡭡
׳Ҫ˵ڹУһŤͷֻϴּ䣬ǼĶѲɻϵʳƷɾⲻǱĹʺգŻ˹ô죿ʳƷİѹҲ̫ˡ
뵽ιǷ򸾺ˮҩ£˵
˵ˣСﲻϣСӡ
˵׳ĵŮûԼ游ĸ
˵ã
ö⣬ֽ˳
׳һĲ
ϰ˵㣬ľУѧΣܡ
̲ĵص׳̣ҪҪ뱣ҽһˡ
·˰˰֣ڷɻϳԻӣһҽͷ֪ôʱһ˶ȥͶߺչ˾ⲻǸ¡
׳ŭ𣺡ôˣ϶ڷɻϳ˲ɾĶôô
̧ͷһۡ
·˵ѹɤţڶأͲС
׳úͶߣӲǱ·˸סˣҪԴ˵绰Żչ˾
޶˳ӣθڻ·ˣ겻תθڳĺã˼⣬ȥ󣬾ĵû£İҲܳˡ
׳㵵صⲡûΣ˸飬㲡ͺˣ
Ҳ˵ˣֻҪʲôûˡ㻹ţƼûҳ⣬˰ӣɶûˡ
ζؿ
ԼС룬سţֹ䵹·мơ
·΢΢һЦһֻӣʰġ°̵İúܵص
ŶӦһŰҧһСڡ
ְºɹСѧҵˣĩԡСɼ죬Բһֱҵ
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605 Ū

ǱߵѴ绰˵·Լҽ׼º׳˵ֹۣҽ·˵壬Ϊ׼
·յʳڣˣвƻƤƤļ
ӹ̽ģǿ϶Ūˡ
׳˵޻˾֢ǰǿޣ񷴶ˡ
˵ǺǲԸԣֲѵⲡ˵ԭͲãһѵǸܡ
̾·˽һǰȣֱ֮һ˶ǰϷҽԺǾ֢һ˶Ҫˡ
Ӳŵ׳ΪޣӲȥβֻǲûΣֻ˸ˡ
̽Ե˵Ҫ̻ȥҽԺ顣
͵̣Ҫٿ
·˲Լвý˯㣬ԵúãǰԼڻܣ塢Ӳһ㡢һ̲£Ҫ³ɽЩ״ʧˡ
Уһȥһ£ֻ뵽θ;ܡ
׳ǻǰڼϢһºȥ
ҪȥȥҾڼһһͲ
յĽǣ׳ȥҽԺȫ顣
·ηθȥȣǳɹ˿˾⣬һμ顣
󣬷޶˶û˵
˪ӣΨм˷Żָ˾ͷ
ڶ죬ҽԺ绰ҪǷ޹ȥ
˶Ҫ̳
ȻҽԺ칫ңҽ˵һ仰ȴ޶˵Ϊ֮һ׳ϰʲôҩ
ʲô˼
ҽǲصھʡҽԺ飬ǴҽԺҲȥˣȷʵǲ١εĽͷƲκӰӸ׳˵彡òܽˡ
·ЩţֻҽָƬ˵ͷͷǵǰƬӱȶһĲȻĺˡ
ҽʣȥʲôƣĪ¼
׳æ˸飬ҲûƣԺûסⲻżŮҪǾǰˣ
ǹˣǰμ飬ǲôͻȻȬˣ⡭ҽѧʷϵ漣һ£ʱ׳˳Թʲô
·룬ûҩѽЩҩԵܣԴһһþãȻáãûٳҩˣİҩͰˡ£̺ŮƼˣҲû˵
׳ǰҩ
ҽʣ𣿡
׳˾ȡ˰ͷóһҩйڿģҲй⿪ģԵǹ⿪ҩ
ҽùȫӢĵҩƿҩУЩҲǿƵѰҩЧ׳룬ǶʲôҪ׳Ҳ飿
úõģҪʲô飿
׳ǹͼһ£ܿģһͳţ׳õȡ
׳ҽŴ˼ңһСʱǿƵҽһ̾
׳ֵˡ
Ҳûˣ
׳˵Լˣԭû᲻һһͣ
˭һһͣתΪδҲ̫Щ
һ׳·ר
ҽŬǰƬӣԽԽԣһʳˣŵθ֮ѾϸʴˣôͻȻ֮ͺˣǵûӰһݶ֤߽ˡȬˡ
ֹ顢ҽ˸ͷأ°˼⡣Ľǣ׳·ˣ϶ͨƿûвζĲ֢
·
׳˵ӣǻǶ˽ЩˣĸˣʱһǻѪЧңһڹҽ裬˵񡢸ڷףȡӡᶨһ
ôͻȻͺأ
·˵Ĳˣ׳ˡ
ĩ޶˴֡
Ҫһѹҽѧϵ飬һҽõ룬˺Щݡҩ
׳ͳ˵Ҫβ˵κ̡
һ׳ʯÿŮò֪ҶӸݲ裬ӰҶӳԵ¡
ҲԹΣҶ죬ڸкرһȥ;ûǾ
ѲɣŮǵĲκˣ
һӣŮκð֢ľ֢һ㱨ҩΪİ֢߽ʹ˵ڹڣڹҲһ漣ǿȺӡ
̣ҽ飬ҵģ
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606 

·˳ɵؿ˾СΣѾ˺һ̣һһҽѧרҵ飬ѰС˵ʷҪ󣬵ȻҲȱǮô飬㿴𣿡
׳һֲۣߣǮʲôҪ͸򣡡
Ա˿һڣһ긾ŮЦλҲĶŮ׼ҵĵ飿Ů˵ˣ򲻻㣬ҪҪȥʡͼݣȫء
գ۾游ĸֿ⸾Ů
Ů÷ױǺÿһ˫۾ִ·˵һ㣬ЦҸģ
ѱ˾Сε˼ϴѧѧ
ˣСνĩ˱װ
ȻǻعζŶһ
ʱһ۾Ů裬ҽ鼮̫ˣԿеһǺü٣Ҳ׼ҵˣʱҲõš
һŤͷС飬ΪԼͬרҵģλͬѧҲ׼ҵĵģ㻹˴Ӣİģǹҽѧ飬ϵоҲͶʦʦܿ
ͬУ˼һѼġ
긾ŮʱСЦüüۣСܸѽڶɣ
ҽѧԺʿҵôҲҽԺҽǰ;ԼŮŴѧءٿϷ򸾣һȲףһͲѰˡ
˵ֻԶ۾һʱ˹Ǳװȴһ׼ľ񣬡׳ǡģ
ĲǱˣǾҽԺĸԺڿרҡ
׳һʱԴЩɣˣ·˱֢˵ڶμ顣ǰʱʹ¡
ҺЦȡСλͷһӢİҽ飬ӢĶöˣڵĺ˲ðҽԺӦʽӹ˲š
΢΢üƲˣλӢںģҿöСӵİģ.
ȡһ飬㷭һҳضǰӱӢѧüãѧʱӢʦ̣˵һڵصʽӢ
ˣԱߵ׳Ҳ㵲ѣŮѧӢûգȻѧ˵زˣһΪǿ󣬼ǿǻӱļô
ҹ֪ʲô˼
֪Ϊڻɹٴ֮УԽѪԵԽС˽˥ߵĲǣܻԭͣһͨ󣬼ûԡ
һûعͱ·һѱСΣˣؼң
䣬һʦʦ
·δ˾Ӷǰһλңַкܸߵ츳ѧԺִ̣˶һʦ
׳ֻЩΣŮģһȥ԰Сӣæ
Աߵ긾ŮĻԼŮƭˣʱɤţ߲˵ЩӢֻвʿܿ㡭㡭ǿɶ趼ƭǸСŶ˼ҶöȻСﶼ硣ʲô飿Һ֡ʡԼõѧ㡭ԼŬƭ
۾Ůĸ׵Ļһѵһͨ죬֪»˵ľʵΪʲôĸ׾ͲšºˣСҲͨӢ裬һǺӾǸͥģ˵˼Ҿġ
˲֪ȴġ
׳Ůڹڳһĸˣ˵ȥ˹죬׳򸾴ġ
ã׳˾ӶߣиŮӵҲû֡
ֻǸղţʦǷӦδ̫Щֱӱ˺ӾߣѾ˸Ƶġ
ǣյ𺳻Ҿþ޷ľһСȻܿҽר鼮
ѲɣڵСӶ
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608 

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609 ҳ

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610 ֶ

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615 Чҩ

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617 Զ

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롢ƿջر䣬صȥһ˵Ĳ
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Խڿغ󣬴ʱܳɹóӸ˽ⶾֻһֳʳϸ
ƽʡҽԺİʮһλĶϸԽȥ˶һҩѾͣװõҩضѷһߡ
˽һ¼Ҫ
ԭϵĳӶңԽڸҵ֣ȥʵҴҩ档
ԽǰΪСﶼϲСèСǶʱϲСӣԹȴ˵СֻҪ£ɡ
ϾǸӡ
δҩʱ䡣
Խڴʵҳһƣݣм㲣񻹲
ԽڽõĳӽˣЩӵĶѾıˣҩǿǱСչˡ
ǡ
˽רңЦλڶˣҪҪرϢһ£ǾԼıݣ԰ٸλҷϴ
Խ˿Ŀϡ
ԽȷʵҪ˯һ
һȥ˱Ϣ
Խƴ˾磬ֻ˵Ϣþͻؾǡ
Լķȴ
ҹһתؾǡ
Խȥ㱨йֵѾͨר߻㱨
ԣҽѧŪҽóӸβô֡
ԽھûǸɾѵƵķӣı˳ӵĻôǲһҲͬķӸıĻ˱øǿ׳
*
ǡ
ڼϢ졣
Խڻؾ󣬾оʵϰ뽫ѧᣬһѳøҩˮ
أȥˡ
ڿʲô̼һѳӸȤ͸ǰһᵽмûƼģоԺǲ˼ˣ
̾һͷģЩһλж쳤һӾ˶ʮԪ԰
ڵҽѧĲʿ
ҡͷҪ֣ɵš
ⶼߵʲôë
˼Ҿ;ŮֻҪԼβ
⻹ǱƽʡǸΰ˸ֵģλ󣬽˼飬ҽĲѾˣֻҪһʱĿƾܳ֡
ԭԼͶҽ䲻ҽλѧң˳ļզ࣬ƵعԼģۣۣĶҽλҽѧҸң˵ʹࡣôͷ˿һһҾ˯ˣһҵİϸûˣҵؿҲûκ˿ڡʵ̫ˣ
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619 ̸

ƵһרƣĹҽԶֹϸ˥Ʒһ֣϶˸߼ҽƼ
רƣʿ䷽УƳҩȴܴﵽβЧмĶԣƲüͻʱɥ
˴˻ĹҩзͷдδֹԪأٴ֤ĹҽƼ
ǣĵǿʼϷֱ˵ǲǧҽѧǶ˵˵ҽ̨Ŀ˵ҽƼĸϽ򷱸ͷСʡȵȣÿһףͻֱӰҩЧ
ҽ¶ƽʡǰЩӾƼгһ˿ʧ󣬵ԭβҩ˺˵ĶԣҩԼ֪䷽Ƴ
һ˵ը˹
ǣ˴һűӰƬƬһд״ӵˣһݵŮԵ쳣ĿҽѧٶƽҽԺֳָвָڶƽʡҽԺһСʱԻȫа֢ߵİϸʧˣ֮ǰ˥Ʒ
ĵúܻ֡
˰ǳƽСʱ׶԰Ƭҵķ˻͵̨ȥ½ķʱʱ¡
ǲǺСͬ
ԣرƯ۾¾ͻүү̣˵һֵĴʣáȡԡ桯֣׼ȷرԼ˼롣
˺ǾȣǼ˶õıķ
¡
ʣΪʲô뿪ˣ
̨Ϊʣ̿˹ҽѧŮר⡣
ǶԽĿ󣬳Խǰδеĸ߶ȣҲڵҩһҹ֮䣬˶Լ˲ͬǽΪΰҽѧеԺ
·˲ϲңΪھίҵıķ죬ᵽĴ·˵ϣ֪ĲֻͬϣСһ֡س󡣡
˵ĸ׶ú⡣
ֻٲֵ˾ãŮ϶Ĵҫ
Ȼ·һֱĴΪķĻ˲Žķ˵ġ
ʣĸĸأ
ķĬһ£ȥ¼֮󣬺ᵽ裬˵軳ʱְֳ飬ãͳˣиְְ֡ҲǾˣһֱؾӪֻڵʱǸݺүүһ
ЦŵǴҶ֪үүҹİ³ƽϽĸϺʡѧԺĽڡ
ֵͷԱߵһλҽڣ˵ദǸĺӡ
λ͵ҽһ֮ҽӽһʱһʱڵѾҽԺҽտ˴棬Ҽʱꡣ
갡ôСʱȥƲ𣿡
ƲΪҪͷ˵һҽѧţȥҽҽ
ĺö𣿡
ҽһֱܾᣬҲлٴҽȴΪһε̬ȴʧһ϶ʱ˵Ѿҽ飬ԼĶӢġ鼮ҽҵʱ˵صķʪ׼ȷؽõҩĶ˵˳
һĺӣ֪õҩģ
ʱҲܳԾô˵һϾʹһҩƵζҩƾͻҩζͨҩζжõҩ˵κҵĹؽڡ
ͬˣ
ûУҾúܿЦʱ;ܾҲ֪ԼʲôĴϻۣҽϵ츳̿࣬ԶԶҵ
һ֮ΪʪԵʱԴһʱ䣬֪ģ˵ʱܱ
ҽԺƼҽרҴȥڿΣλͬºҽ㳤˲١ҷҽԺͬ뿪µͬҲˡ
ҽ΢ͷЩ΢Ľţһֱٴμ棬ܽ飬Ҽʮķʪǰˡ
Цһ£룬֪㵱뿪Ϊʪ޷Ҳġ
ҽȴף仹бԭ
ʱΪһСۣˣ칫ҸɹĹԱҲ
ô˵һֱ㾡ȫ
ҽŹϯˣ侹һڷŮһֻΣԼأͻȻ˵һĻӡ
ֱ
˵Ѳܡ
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620 Ŷͯ

˿ҽŵĵطҲĪʵǶʲôĺӣ
ţȫصͯǵڳˡ
ͻȻתڣֻƬ̣л˹棬һ̫졣
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¥´׳ŭֵ˸ʲôԵģôô©Ǽһ˭ǳһܣҪ̵ġɲҵġ
·̧ͷһۣûƵͻȻɹ棬ӦԴʩ
ӵĹֻ֮صֳ
׳ͷֹϯ˱ˣǸŮӲˣΧŵļҲʧˡ
ƯŮ˼ܵһλα׶԰ʦЦһ£ʦҽܣ
׳ڵĽĿǵһ£ǲʹ죡
·Ƶصǵӣš־ˣȫ˵£Ͳţֻһѣյ¶ˣ˶׷ŮŮܣԼȥԲε¡
ϵֵס׷ܣС㣬˵ĸף֪ԼһŶͯ𣿡
ǲΪŮеˣ
֮кŮϵ𣿡
о̽Ů𣿡
ʵÿְԡ
˵һ޸ɣǱ˵£ֻҪԼС
ɷõ׶԰ʦ˷ܣüɫصСʱ򳤵ƯֿɰشҷĲͬ
˵Լ´½һļ磬ηС棬ȴһ˶ڽ￴飬ܺ͵صα԰Ȼ׶԰ʼһ
ôѧϰģ
غãǴֹĿһĿʮУĹĿһĿʮУѰСӣһĿγҪһֻ꣬Ҫһ죬һ죡ͨϲγ̣̣֮ǰһԾ
ҴûţҲûȴĺӣһ죬ѧСѧһĿγ̣һֹԡ
񻰡
Ůʵô˵ٴĺһȣˡ
ԣʱ԰˵֮šҪҵһĺѡһ£˵Ҫҽ£ʱͱֳˡҼǵãĸһ岻ã׳ȥ塢βܲģǣҳҪҽβҲҪԿҩҩ
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޲
һСӾȻΰԸ
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СŰǴæˣϰôʱҴ绰
Ǹ㣬Ҿһ£֪ϵʽ𣿡
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ʮǰ׳ǴӲˣôֳ˸߹٣Ǽʱ£ˣ
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621 

㣬㡭֪Ǽҵϵʽ𣿡
֪֪Էܲͷ
Աʵڽ˭ĵ绰
ܿġ
׷ŮŮˣʲô˵ģɳ£Ժ˭ûˣˣ϶˵ϢˣϢģ£ҿɾ㣬ٸ˵Ҫ˵˲ӵĹأ˭Ҳ㡣
㲻֨
ݺݵɷ
ɷ¼ЩԨԴ¼оɣ϶
ͷɷŭôģ㲻ԼŮòã벻⽻ˣ㻹Ƕĥ䣬ŮˣǵһӰǰ̣
ֻŴһܿ޳ܵŮˣٴҼСĵ绰
˸ͷʱཱུĹҶ֮
վþõسĬ뷢
Ҳϵʽֻܻˡ
룬Ծȥһ˾ǣȥ˶ˣܲòա
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ڽʵңΧѧ˵ͷȥũ̽յĿ
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Գﾭѡ
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ˣһӣҪȥˣҲŶء
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Сɨġ
ƾͶԼͦѽְҵ
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һ״ӣͷЩ⣬ЩۣٿͷҷǷϵӣЩ̿סεģˣߣϣӰӴѧгݳƱҪҪȥ
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ζͬһУΪͬ磬ⲻټ˵ݱһֱζչ˺͹ע
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622 ݳƱ

Ʊݹθģȥա
ӹƱЦݡ
˵ʲôֹ
Ĵһ߷ɱܱߺˣĶأĶأ
գգ۾ûƱ𣿡
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ʵһ·һѧԣһҵݣ˵̫Ǻ¡ԸÿʣƯβϵ֮ˡ
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ĽӹƱȥ𣿡
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еӰǲڴ
Ϊʲô
ôϲȴϲΣΪα磬Ư۱£۲Ÿɣ
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ĽƱľᣬȥǲȥȥˣԼεĲͬԽϲ
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ĲҽԺҽʿȴͷĸй顣
㲻ҪţһҽѨ˯˯һʲôˡӢ˵֮ж쳤˯Ѩһ˯ţеһлʿ˳ȥΧˣӱΪ磬ͨѨסҩЧעҩλ
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ڵǿֵģΪеʹ벻ҡ
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ܿ뿪һ㲻ԼһܿɱźѪԵϵãΪһԺǲǺʹࣿ
ҲҪµ޷أԼҲòƴʮŵľôԷ֡
һշްնͲܰңҼһ
Ѿ˵ˣǸĸģ£ûзȨģ㶮
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623 ˵

ܿҡҡͷ˶û֪Ҫס
û㻳ʱΪҪвңǲϧԼӡ
ʵڲǶˣ˭Ҳ˵˭Щ꣬ǺͺܶŮ˺ùйһЩʵΣΨһصǸѾˡ
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˾ͷҲصˡ
룺һڳЦԲ
ܻзһ棬ֻҪʾãһжпء
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Ѿ˲ˣǵλǰš
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ϰ˵㣬ƹһһװĵӢ̨룬ŻͲλλѺãָлλڰæ֮гʱݰӰӴѧĸݳᡣδѧ꣬ҪҵˣΪⳡ׼˺ܾá
Աŵ
С죬˭εĸݣôվͷ
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ңǮС褣յ̨ƾΪβ߻ġڣθݳʽʼΣ
̨תһ߻һŰ³ȹŮڸǰصš¹
ţʱԱߵġ
ţǺǰͰ԰ڣΪҪ˵ȣɲԶˡɲҲߵϡ
·ĵид
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һ꣬˸٣һ׼ڣ˻Ͳշǳ뵽ҵĺҵʦݽڡƹⷽһ֣鷳ƹǰмһ£
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ʱ䶯˫۾۵ƹ⴦·һͷվЦ˵ͷ
ҵ죡κȻǺѣôʶģ
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ʱʧġ˴һ䣬ϣҲУ˶޷ġ
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ؿΡ
αò֪룬
Ա߻Ͳ˻ͲΣ֪ҸղΪʲôûøٵ࣬ԼϤĹ٣
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624 հҳ

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ĸݳᣬҲΣһҵ٣ɣ
ξһ£ҪҡͷȴСǲæˣû´Ӧþں̨ɡᵯ٣ҵһʱϳȻ󡭡Һࣿ
Ļõ˶ɴ۾дˡ
νô󰡡
£һҹ֮ͳˡ
ŵմĻӱ߽С˳ϴһϮɫͷ죬ױʧǵ裡ҡֱסȴɵһת
䣬û˻ԭصȺ㵱ȻӦ뵽ҲѰС㣬ѡȦʮǰӦԤϵյľҲе˼׼
㻹ҶԲԣҵֻ̫ʧȥĻᣬҡĲǲ㣬Ůϵ⣬ô᲻ءһعȥҹ㣬ѾԭĳУԭĵطھӴ˼Ҷ˵֪
պò׼úӱԼ۾ƺҪֵ˵ȥƣȴˡ
˿̨̣µ·Ъ˹ĺܿΪǼͬ죬οĲӱǼҵģ㶼ˣôŮ
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Цһ£Աߵε˼ҵǰ뿪Ըۺʱֳܱģףɹ
Ͳһߵʦ̨·뿪
£˻ʲô׵ġ
Ϊ˳
ڵ֪걻ԼŮֻ֮Ů
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Ϊʲôס
ѵ˶˵
ЦˣǲҪˣȻΪԼ˭ջ𣿿ûΪжԹǣǰʯͷԼĽš
һüͷͲܺú˵
ҾǺú˵ͷ˵ˣˣϣȴδؽϡһ㻹ǲϲң𣿡
ģֻһ˲Ļǿ̨ϵΡ
ĺܿˣһЦұˣ˵ˣͦϲѧҲϲѧվףصƿ
֣еĿעˡ
ĿվˣСһֱԭΣûûΣῴ
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Ϊ˳λʲô
ܹΣţҪΰæġ
Σлл㣡Ѿˣû뵽֮
̨£˿ʼУҪŮܿҪвˣﵽԼĿģȦӰӴѧ
ûʲôԹǶ޸ʲô
˿ʼ̨ϹޡȪˮƿӣұ׻ֽŭӳһƬ
ӰӴѧĽ½뿪á
Ҷǹˣǰף˭Ҳô¡
ξȻ˼̤ʯΪ˵ͻߡ
յĶԹܵǷǵģյ׷Ůʵֱ·سΪ˳Ȼ˺ﵽĿģŮ˱ܡ
ڡʦǵ뿪εͬͬѧѡ뿪֮ϵ༶ͬѧʮӣȫȥ˴롣µģҪô֣Ҫô֧Σ۾ɿýζ
·˻δңϾسشţ̸ĸףҶԣһҳߵĿհҳ
Ů⻰ʲô˼ǱһȺ⻰ĺ壺
հҳûаҲûкޣӦûκθ顣
ҾӦûκμ˼
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625 ҵ

ӰӴѧѧ˵ʱ̨ϵƬùٵ֧
ĺܺãš󷽣˵ĸٵñκöˣ̨ͬգΪ˲ѿѡ˲Ĺ١
춼ôãרҵô
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յٴε䣬ߺȦ
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ϵţõӦԷӾǵûʱһȻ͹ȥˡ
߼¥ݣ׳͵㡣
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ũеԭʼɭ֣ѰõҩģҲйʱҩҲһֻҪҩҾͻ
ڶʮ꣬ȥգһôľͲ㣬ôԼһ£׳ĳص˵Աûƽܳɵģ㡭ھʯܳɵģǹݲκʧ£ͱˣоĹ͢շĶ
үүʲô

ûа㷨ӡ
㣬ھȻѧ˽ˣ˰ⷽӵýңδãаšȱԻȱ㴩ԽԽ񻰣ʲôר⣬ǮũܣҸ㣬ûţ
òᣬ̣㿴үүһҲҪˣ
·˱һŻع˵ʲô
׳Ƭִ̣һԱߵһλȻû˹͢շɹƷƵջױƷȻҪר⣬ǹҵģ˵ģ
·۾һˣǰЩܻ绰˵ԽԽϴ̳жתΪˣʵ̫׬˶ǮװҲͬ⣬Ҹ˻鱦̣ڹֵԽԽ٣඼
뼸ֶǲ
ɹƷƣ⵹һ·
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֪ˣȥѶȡǹҵģоĶҲǹҵģҴãûСĹ͡ЩҶ֪ģ㲻ģҪϣûйļң
ӲԽԼ鷿ûڼԼ鷿¥ϣǺôһ䡣ȡļصݸ׳оĹ͢ŷүүҪҪ˽ңҲҪˣʮ򡣡
һСҪôǮô
һ豸ڼŪʵңоʵҵ̫࣬һȥģ̵ģҶȥˡ
׳룬ڼŪʵңסںԷ᲻Ӱ첻ã
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̿ס׳ǰʱµġ
׳֪Ǽкӣǲ̵ġ
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ͻ꣬үүȥ¥Ͽ꣡ɿ¥Զ쿴ҹɫܾûշǵ㣬ۣתתԶһ޴Źĺɫ
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ûϸ룬һں
أ಻Ӧóɽ磬ͨǣɽһƽ٣Ѫɺӣ
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ռ֮Ҳ޷㡣
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·˳ԳЦǼߣݵú˵˵
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626 콵

Цӹ·˵ݹĸһ£ԵùĹңԣǿ꣬㼱ʲô
ʼˣ
ʱЩ˷ܣճ˺öǣһ̻ʢ磬ֻǺ֣еҷһâеȴŨصϢ
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һ꣬ܺÿģүү̣쵽ݶ
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үүкö
׳ԶǰĻֻ󼸸֣һкöһݶһͷ죬תȫſ˫ۣܵûУж
תžתֻؾֻƬ̣;в֪ԪӿԺ꣬׳ĹЧһǿ֮塣
ôֻɽŻֵԪ
һ׳ͷʱͷǰγһ޴УϡǰĹ֡
תһ㣬һڶ㣬Զһ㣬һġ
⵽ʲôԪȻֻ˳޵˵ڹ㡣
ͬʱֻؾһپʹﵽ˴֮ɽҲѴﵽЧ
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·Ŵͣþúϲ£졣
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ϾȻ֣֮ľ֣֮ǲ˵ġ
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ʲô
׳⣬ֻסһ״ϸСһѴüģ׳һҽУ˹ȥ
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Ҳܲ
۾գ˶ã
һСʱ
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ڴߣֵôῴǿ˯ţ԰԰
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׳ߺߵصϺͿˣ֮ǰǱһ£Ż赹ġ˵˵ˣ£Ҳƽϣ˵ãߺߡ֮⣺Űɡ
΢˫֮ܺƿӡ
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ֵ׸̵ˮ֣Ӧӵˮܡ
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׳򸾾޷ܣʮǶ߰ô͡
Ϣǣ콵ֻˡӵͬʱҲҹƻߣʲô߼һûŪס
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׳һ飬ֻأ죬ҵֻҪ쵼㱨죡죡
·˵ͳܱܲ꣬Ҳֻǲ²⣬˵ˣ棬һ㱨Ц
׳һʱԺǵģ
Ҳ죡˼ת뿪
һĬ׳
·ѧӣˮһ£ûСٻһ£ˮûСôҾ˵⺢ֱħء
׳˼Ļôģǲǲ˭µĴ϶ǻγģѾͷԽԽƤǶˣ
صԼСʵңϡСӣʱССͷڤ˼ʲôֽ٣֪ȴ²ࡣһ̬ȴ
֪ʱ䣬ε״̬غã겻ΪȻˮɣ㡢߲㡢˲㡢Ų㡢ʮ㡭һֱ
ͷһУʲôԷȻͣ磿
׳ľ鼮ͻȻͣˣɤźøƵġ
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627 ͣ

·˱һʲô
֪оһͣ磬û¡
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׳˵磬صҲ֪ûӰʵоϻҾʹкǼҵĵͣģҴ޴ʧôûأ
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ҹǰδеľš
Щë
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һţʵ̫ۣǶ˰ɣŮʵеþͳɣЩҪһ
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̶׳ŹֵѾˣӦһصĵƣͷ谵̫·ƣﵹҲ̫Ƶ÷
˯ҹ˼ǹ졣
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Ӳùܣ׳۾ɵԲǹ찡Էǹ죬Ѳɷ䣿ܣⲻһǳʲô¡һôҲ˯ţͷһż͸˻һܣһָ˺ƵģڵȥǱ۵û˯˹ȥ
γ·˵ŭУ׳ۣ·ָ϶ʲôıӾȻˣ㡢ˣ㻹ӣ
޶˸һ·˵Ǵã׳ı˼һյһܣӱˡ
׳ӵıӣһѣ㡭ôˣȻ򴲣ʧˣ
˵
·һѣӹʪģšˮˣˮйζġ
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׳ʲô£ȡѣߺãţȴԼҵԺǰվĸź浯ʵľ׳ͷԸˣǱһҡ
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׵׳ǱˣԺо˹㡣
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ймңǾˣԷΪְͷغ¼СԺǾ͵غˡ
׳һõҲûʳʲ֪Լͷг˺Էվڴ⣬ʱͱͷľˣͷһЩӲ˫񣬶ٻȴˣżгͷһΧ¹һץסˣʱſھҧ
ҧ˿ŲԶľ;ˣҵĺңң
⡭Щ˷ˣ׳Ա߾ԱľҪǰ壬ȴһקס׳ûãһҧˣҧҲȾСʱҧҲҧ˵ķӡ
׳˼Σ˸סط֣ǱΧĳﴫСŮ˵ĿǣȺӣءǣȾȺӡ
׳̵ͷһż֮£޴סֻһ£ͼɿΧĳӱȥŭ죬ЩȾѾܱΪˣҧˡˣǹ
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ſڵľǿĿɿڴ
λ׳ôˣȻܷ磬ƵģǷ˵磬磬ӵо޴ɹʮΧӵĹ׿ˣţѺӸңߣ
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Ů˾ֵؿ׳㡭Ϊʲôе磿
׳ĵٿԼȫ£΢΢üôˣеأãҲ㺢ӣԼһԷ
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628 ͷ

ɷѵظŲӣȫѪߣȥҰ֣ҡҰǽһС϶ˣдʳģڽĴҧˣҡźԷȫĵطͿˡû뵽˺Է˹
Ů§˻﷽СкСк˳
·лл
ᣬɷͷҲصԷĴŷȥ
׳βټӣ˿ѪˣסǰͷС¥Ѿûˡ
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ڴӣû߼Ů˵ļ챼ӻΧĹ
ɷ޶׳Ļ½˴ţֻƬ̣ŽϣϵСҲˣֻ͸˿档
ԷһƬš
׳ָһӣ·ֻ˼ڴˣǰȫˡһٵǽĶϱӣ˵ͷˣһҽģû뵽ҶӱϮˡ
¶ɫͷһִͷˣи룡
׳¶ɫ
Ա˵ϣԷһδɶרŵĸλŮʿ߰ɣ
Ͷ̵ĸģһ͸룬ԤƫˣҡҲȥҪҰ֣衣
׳²̣ﻹиأҪͽ͵ҡ
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俴źӿ˵ðա
ŮܵĪĴ૵ظ趼ûˣ˶ûˡżҲ֪ôˣĺӣʵˮ߳Ӽҡ
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ʹұķȾѱˣ㵽ܼ
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һ߳һҲᱻȾǵʱ򣬱ķոȾŵø߳ӵСС
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׳֮ǰ̫żˣֻ뽫ЩΧҧ˷Ӹºٻ룬Ͼ磬ƺ󣬵絽ķӣʮӺŻָ
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ʵܵ㿴ʲô
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629 ħ

һʵңͷſʶעͷͷкЩӣλǵͷ߱˵ʵʤ۱磬ǿˣͻ˵Ļ
һתӲ輸Сȡһף֡
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ץ·һľ޴£ҡڣƸо̹ǵʹ࣬վ׿⣬һɫȸСϡʲôӣǶӡֲӵٶȱҪһɶħԲʮﶼܾ綾𺦡
ӶԶǵãһӴͻ
СĵؽӷһֻƿӣƿӿƲʵʥɽ׷ƿӡ
ĿⴥʱͻһƱսľҶǴӿˮ̹վ׿⣬ȡʱһöɵûգֱڡ
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ǻӣƵ˵꣬öˣ֮лӣһ쵼
һ˼ǰߣŻ˽ŲûǴˮ·棬Ӧ·һץֻ·ʧСһöȸСɫԲеӨ⣬ӡ
ȡһֻƿӣת־͵ݸӦûѰδյӡ
ܵǰԶ۲쵽˹Ŵ˵еġǡ֮󲻾ã֮꣬кд֮ǾߺͲڰ飬ת飬ͷЩҧ˵Ĺɥʬ
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ⲻǿֲƬдڵĹȻǵʵС
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ô£Ūþ͵ĩա
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630 

ǶһƬӰ֮¡
סӵܵ˲ǹؼ
Щӣǽ˱ΪߵΨһϣ
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ҲҪʹˮͷˮҲҪȡˮʹÿȪˮˮΪˮԴѱȾ
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631 

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ÿռ䣬վԶֻдѾ߸ϵһ׵һࣺôʶˣҿɸǣڿǴӢۣҪң类ɥʬˡ
ͷЩҵĺֵܣȫߡ˵Ǵǳ˵ĵطйǿս㣬й˴ǣǴŮΪ檣ǵĸ
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гһ⣬߰ͷͷǹ죬ǺһЦӿɸǣǼǴӶƽʡӳģɥʬ٣Ҳ١ڿĩˣƧĵطҲû˻ǡʶģͰƯĶϱӡŮ͸ǡ
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632 

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633 ռ

һĻžװȴ볣˲ͬӣĸߴòӢ°²⣬ͣſڵľһ˽ӹ䣬һ·Էȥתת͵һƲִ¥˵ݣٳһԲλҡ
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634 콵

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635 ܹ

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636 

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641 

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ԭڴǰСޱޱ⸱Өľ˼ұáӨ겻ʮ꣬ǰʱ䣬˵ǴӸиӵľٿ˵ҪŮˣŵҺô
ھǸǷҷݹޱޱѧУ顣
ûǰ̣ŵĶڳ
ûƼֻּڣŻ˴ӳһʳֻسǣ˳ݡʱǾϹ¹һ
˶Ľһﰲȫ˴˵ӡ
ޱޱһĽ治֪ôģҪСҲԸ⣡
һұ죡Ŷ󣬾ܼˣڲͬƽʱڣͷй涨ʮ꣬ˡˣˣӨӨһϴ磬˵гӣ
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ڴľͰľͰһƾļϴԡͷŪģ΢˫꣬ǶһݣȸһݣﻹһݣһҲûʲôӰ졣
ţһѾͷѰ
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648 

˵㼱ʲôо֮˭ʳˣʳΪʲôÿζֲｻڣⶫֻɷ̵ģԼˣʲôϵ
ӱʼˣҲܣʱûйҲпͣ㲻ΪңҾϵӣһ֣ô͸ôߵ꣬һбסֶΡ
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ռнͷۣŪСĺռϳҲڿռһû٣ôûɡΪǲܸˣֻԼ˭֮
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㵽ҪҸʲôֱ˵ףǻ⡣
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ӱֱӱ֡
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649 

ԭΪСʱȴ˼죬ӾǵϺʡϼɽһϼɽݺǧɽ֮˵˽·Ӷתת䣬ӱƳȻеһһľһһʯãһˣͻỵ˴󡣡
һȻ󲻴ֻǼ̫ͣƷ
аɣжʮɣɣɳ󡣡
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ˣǰסӣʶʱסˣûвͬҲûӡ
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Ƶĳڴһǰͣ£ؿţǰ롪
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裬δΪ㣿
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ӱһۣȤһת̤˹ӵӣһʯݵϣ뷢ߡ
ƶŶһ񣬡ڡҴһλͻ
۵ʿ΢΢ͻһֱϮӱţӱս룬ֻšѽһʿҲá
ӱɵɵʥ磬ʵ۶ҵ»룬ȴҪǡ
ںͷڵߣǼصڣǵҽǰѹɤţкüֻһǧˣƢмֹŹ֡
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ƳĹ䲻󣬵˼ҵϹֳСȭҾ֣ǰ٣Ҽܳ
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650 ɽ

˼ԪҲѣʵڲƽ
ʣ֪ڵڵĵطΪ
ᵤԪӤ񡢴ˡɡɾʵ˽һλ񡣡
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ʥ飬𱰽ΪһԪ֮Ϊǡ
̾һҵȷ˶ԣҪΪѡ
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651 ᵤ

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ǰû֣ǵݲԣͬһλũѪһ
ӱоһռмöƺ«ȡֲڶΧֿڵһƺ«ȻֻЩ죬һɵӣƺ«
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652 

΢еҲû뵽ᵤĻһŮȥʮ߰ꡣ
屧ȭЦѺñ£Ѱũ֮ء
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653 

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壬ӱ׼ҩģ˼¯ҩʶʶԱߵʦֻѧ£Ĳȴ޷ѧ
¯¯ǾųɳʣƷƷίʵ˼λʦӱҲ񾴡
ӱ˵ҩƺ«죬ƺ«׼ۡ
ƺ«Ҳָ˼ˣһ˻ööȡӻ
ȡɫ«ƣֻһֻʮƺۡ
ʦίʵ棬ôһֻ˶ߵ«ȻܱһֻŴʮƽСۣ̫档
ӱ֮󣬺ܲ⣬ԱĥһʱֽϹһȡ˵ڶֻԴɫ«һأʮƺۡ
һĪؽƵԵʣһƷһƷѵһֻǼۣǰʥƳԲ۰ȣʵ
֮ĥһʱĲ㣬ȡһֻϺ«һںɫɽƷ«һֻҲĶС۲ųɣʧˣֻʮĶСļƷۡҡͷ̾ǲãҧҧʼơ
һΣµʱ䷴֪εȷ
ʦҲƳһֻǰֻΪӣĶǰƣºһֻĶСۣմرɫһԶЩ׽٣
ɽ磬׽ʦʦ֪˽硭
ȻĻʦ
Ϊ׽٣˽׽پȻ׽٣Ҫһء
ӱû㣬վǶٽһأ֮׽ٹһö˵ۻʵСͷװԽԽϲ
æµţͼãɽ뼧Ͻ
һݣϲۡ
ӱδ໰ȡֻ۵һһֻһΪƷһΪƷ
˶һۣ֣ƷֻƷһߡ
ֻ˹һЦӴһֻҪ𣿡
ãɽһתȡۣһֻƷ۱㱻ϸһݣлѳȫ
ռģ˱˻ԣ
ãɽԵһֻȽ׸ߵģȴֻһֻƷڴ˽磬Ҳһı
ۣϾʹǱػϼɽ
ãɽµķת˼죬ʯһЩҩȥ
ӱְһҩ֮ࡣ
Ĳϣǵɱޡ񡢱Ƥȡħ߳Ϊȴħ
ħ޵ĵȼ̫ͣҲֻƳƷĴͷֻһƺСҲʮƺǿƷ鱦˵ȴĪĻϲ
ӱ˳ָλʦƳ
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654 ˵

һӱǱػũȡ
˵»˲ٶסЩӡ
ˣһ꣬ûȥһ¹лľûͽԵָһӱתһ飬ȡһֻۣעһ޷Ŵ󻯳һĶСۣ˼Ʒۣˡ
лѣ
أҲûӦŵĵޡ޵ӣ˵ָϣԼһĽ̵
˵ѲĿ䳤Σ
ҲյӣԸصӡӱúܸɴ࣬ȡһҶۣϣſʶŴ˴ĵá
صũȣչٳǽᵤΪ
ʱũΧоÿһľҲӦÿһֻÿһֻޣٻ޹ͨһЩͨʶޱסũȣÿߴߴࡣ
һֻȵɵӱϣŲӿŴڣ
޶λ
ӱֽһĲ֣һңһңһң˿鷿Ĵǰһ£ǿռŵɴ
£
ȵͣڴǰߴߴصũܵ˵ҪȥĹ̽ա
ũĹأ
ȵӦааֻǵط˭ҲȥЩɾˣۼ˵˼佫٣ܽĹܻ
ӱֻ֪н٣ģ֪ˮйأȴ٣󶼸ˡ
ӱߣ֪Ƕ
֪֪ҿԴȥܴܲҽĹ
ȵԭͲСֻƬ̣һֻѩ׵ӱ˹ҲҪȥ
ңңҲҪȥ
ʱΧ˼ʮֻʮֻ
ӱͷߣ̽գΪĶѡͬ飬Ѳɣʹǡ
Ĺ֮УΣء
ǲ£
ӱܾãƲˣһʮСʱȫ춢ţһжȫɽȵĶﶼ֪ʰһȫȥΪߵʮֻʮֻȥģڹ￴ҡ
ȵܻϲ
Ҳȥ
˵ǣǶ£һȥûΪȥˣǾ
⻰ΪǵĴˣҲ硣
ӱýԼͯһȺ顣
ǣ׼𣿡
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ӱڲȵĴһԲεɽӽֻǸսӽͷ˵Ϣ̤һ£˴Уǹˣ⡭йˡ
˵ˣӱϵã۾ָԼߺ󺰡
ӱʱֿԽڡڵˣǣ࿴
ǰδޣëϲȵͷġ۵ӡ۵İë󣬳β͵ĺëꡭ
Աߣ˴У죬ȡǽǸץס
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Сܣ
ӱǰһϤżصشٽǰƽ֮ʱ˵ؿ죬ȴ˵кáѰ˾ҩݣ֮£Ҳסǵ
ǰʶŮǡǡ
ΪʲôԽԽ
ˣ˾֮ϷǵİգҲɹһɥʬˡ
ֳ˼ãܷչƼܸ֡
СָǼǰʧӨ»ǸŮ
ӱת뿪úʣµʱ⣬ٽЩˣܻĲ֪мˡ
Ǿʵ˭Ϊ㳤ƣ
ӱ΢˫ʱһֻȸ
ⲻǻǿľĻҲǿġ
ԡ񣬻еȸϹŴ˵еĲ
ȵһͬ࣡壡
ԽڵȼҽѧҼѣ㡭Ǵ˵Ĳȸ
ӱŲӣشһ⣬ҳңΪҵһɨ˵뿪գ֮ǻţ˵ء
ʵһ㡭ɣһֱػ磿
ػȣգ类ˣ̬ƽ⣬Ҳ㹻ԪԪʱͻ١
һʱĬ
ڵˣѾؼ顣
ԭһֱڣΪ
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655 ϵ

ǰλŮӣǷˣɡ
һεɥʬʱҾһΡԵĳªȴ֮ǰԭԵжϲԣǵı䱾ȴٴ١
Աߵŵòᣬͨһ¹ڵϣϵصɣǲǻܾһΡ
ӱ΢΢ҡͷܣϴξǣΪصĴۡ
۾ǲڵĽóªڣһҪٽһξ
Ҷģ
ӱɢĸԹãģˣΪ˶ĺ
ȥɣڵĿšоѾûκε塣ȥѪֺ«
̧ͷŹ⣬ֺ«
ӱȡöƺ«ӣƾһӣġ뼸λҽѧҶһöӡ
Ǹ˵𣿡
Ӽת˵ܾúܾǰ̬֣ŭһֻ˼䣬Ÿֺ«һ÷þֳ˺«ʱö˺«˴١ػһƬˮ˶ˣֻûǾȡ
ӱתȥȥֺ«ɺΨ֮˷ֳ«ܿʱǲһʲô£ǵÿ峿ȡһѪ«óʱԻᱣƽ
˺ǧꡯｫʹսᡣߣģɶг𾭣ӰгһâҲڽâʧ
ʧˡ
վһ
Խ˿˵ĳ棬оҲɣԭɵĻϾȻɡ
һöӣô죿
ٵصô죿ɶȰˣǻЩνؼֺ«ҪֳˣҲȫһܱס
Ĵ˿̴ӵһߵɷ֣ǻؼңֺ«ȥʲôоʲôɼڴǰȱǲΪģΪ˺룬ˣʰһ£ǻؼҡ
뼸λھԼ˼ʮۣȫˡ
ɥʬδֻ齵١
ˣˣؼҰɣǱҪ
СŽţôˣ⿼Żûʼأ˵̫
ЩګȻվʱСʵ㲻Ҫˣ޹㡭
ڲԶڱʲôǴҶ֪ܽȥɣҪԼź
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ʱżҡҽѧҡʰ׷ײ˴˵ء
ΨǾСˣɫľǶ
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С𣺡ַ財ٻأ˼ң˼˭֪Ǿѵòã
ǾƿСžŵ֣»»ǲǣϲ㣡ϲ㣡»ϲ㡪
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ǾȻ˵ϲ
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СרҶˣǶӣЩ͵عȴûУⶼʲô¡רǶԸ«ͷ
ˣҲأҪŵǣȳˣǺأС֡
˿̱һ󱳰ﻹһ̨ԣػ֣ϣٺһܻš
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Ѿ
һСʱɽּžӰ
ΨǾǶʧǵؾþҪһʯ
Сڳ˵ܸ磬Ժô죿˻˵Ǻ˻ǻˣ
Ӳù˵ǣôֻô֣˭Ӳʹ죬ӻԲʹ졣ϰڵĩ֮󣬳Ĺܽ࣬ҲûٳӣûдӣˣҲϡƽ
Ǿּ䣬ૣɣټ㣬ĺøˣϷؾһƳҾͼסˣȻɴһ֪ò
䣬ĳˡ
ӱ⿪磬Ǿʧ㡭Ըң
صȷʵأ㿴ȴȰ裬ʧ֮ģ޺Ȼ֮Ϊ߳жȴͬʬ⣬ʧ
ͬαװαƣҲԸΪ顣ץ衢ץЩٵŮӣһδδ¾ˣɾҲûֹǼ
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Ǿϥǰֻ΢ĳӣһᣬˡ
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656 

ӱƽ껹ѹ
ܣһܣΪ㣬Ҳʬ⡣
ӱˣ㲻ϲʥĸǺǻʲôϵһֱ޹ؽҪ¡
ɷб𣬼ȻˣҴ㹦֮һصˣҾһء
ָ͹飬ͽǹǾһΡ
ģҲܶģǾˣұԳ֡Ӷ裬ұջɹǾסճŵ
ٳһƷ齣˽ΪȻˡ
Ǿؽӹһ񣬡лӡ
ʧˡ
Ǿڵϰݣ»һգһԼվߵʸ񣬽УһһֱŬ
ɽ֣˳
СǺһЦػذգ⴦صָӺ֪Ҿͺһڣ˵׼˺
Ǿ˿Сȥˣ˰ɡ
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Ա˵оƽôԼˣź
ǾȰѻ˵ãǲСҲһָӰЩץĹˣԷԸǲܵġ
СòᣬǾǲǹģ֪ҾϲС⻰ʲô˼
ǾһҪ𣿵˻أǾʹһգֻҪֹ;񣡡
С뵽޷ʹ棬Ǹʲô»ʲô
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ۿ˾ҪԱСֹ䣬СһָŲԶ㲻Ҫ壬ǱûУ۸С
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ǾСؿڣˣԺҵģŮˣ
СҪˣ˫һҾǴˣҪ뿪Сӡ
СֻҪڣҾ;ŮˣЩ꣬Ҳûƹˡ
ãã㲻뿪뿪
С뿪ǾСӣͬһĻˣ֮ǾСھһˡ
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Žһ˵Ķӣ˵СǶַˣ
Ǿ̧ͷɫƽص̤
ĸ˿ҡҡͷ㡭治֪ô˵㣬ܼΪ£¼ңܼҹ޸¼Сӡ¼Ϸж㲻ǲ֪ɣ
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ʹҡҡͷ²òͷ˵ٽͷѵȫȥ
СҲ£ʯ٣
Զԡ
ĸֱţӲӣ⹫һģһҪԴġ
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657 ѵ

ҡҡͷھͱˣСӵ˶СˣҲû˼
ĸǰûҵϣ⹫һͳˣ˵ʲôҲҪŮ׸ȢĸʱʹӦ¶Ǽϣû⺢ԽԽ档ǰܿһȴСַˡ
ܼΪԪףðѹ޸´竣ҿǾܼΪмһ١
¼ҶǸ´ϣ³͵ӡӣߵ޷죬ѧʶûУԺȴûиķˣ뵱һȣûӰ
δɻ飬¼Һˣ׮ܼҹ޽ţ˸ӡ
˶ӣ׳ͽӱˣԼϥ½
ܼҹĶӵҲ˵ȥһӣڶȴɱܶ򸾳ø޷졣
ܼҲ£¼ңŵõϷֳ֧ԪףԪײҲա
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ĸǲ졣
ʵ˵ʲô
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ԭߴ֣һȴİӱֻתۣû뵽ⲿ꾹۴Ҫ졣
ǰֻҪۣܿǬ
һѷ䵽̧ժһöԪʯʯͷһժһռ䶯Χľ￪ʼɿתɽкӣٲвԭ
֪˶ãֹͣת֮ǷԼһƬĲԭϣãؼ䣬˴رգб̲ԭͷһʯŨŨĲɣϢ
ȵߴߴػǽˣĿ£ѽŨ
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658 С

ǽϿ̻ͼªȴĬشʲôþõͼҪǣȴ֮ʣϹŵ֣Ǽ¼Ϲʷ֣̹ſأŮ洲졢ũٲݡ˽ħƵһͳ˼䡭
Ϲֻ֣صũٲݣҽġũҽ䡷ǰչͷ¼Ϊȫġũҩסҽסħҽסҽסй塢塭
ľһӦȫ
ڴΧ׷֣еһСţ쿴쿴ɾ
һȺ޶౼Сڡ
磬ͻؾ
ûκֻѧϰġũҽ䡷ԭҽ䣬ͷ¼İͷһ硣
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ҽģҽꡰ޲ʲôѪڱڣѪĸоֻǱܵתһһ飬һ˺ѰľʹϮڵ顣
鵤Ӥ
һǿסľʹʹʼӤ壬УһŨϢԴԴϵػ꣬˿Ѳ֮ܳΪˣѪѻһ̲Ѫһ̲࣬Ψǿ
ʶ֮УһССԪӤΣȶʥе»üһ޶һ񾲰飬ڳ˯֮СԪӤ­֮ʶ򣬽һԪӤеСһ޶
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֪˶ãоıŷԼմһʱԼһһֻ壬ӦǽţĽأ
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һ̧֣ռȡһɴȹã˸泣ķʽ
ϡ޶˵ѰһɾΧѰٸ飬ɾûִֻ֣ǽмţÿһϵͼвͬ
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ŮʧдһϤߴȵһֻβŮӱػ֮
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ԶһƬˮ󣬴ׯˣ˿̻Ƴߴӿ˿ּ侲Ů
Ǿ΢֮󣬵ϥأǾݼŮ
ȵǾͱ˸أͷôͱˣǵũȲҲ˰ɣ
ӱ֪ηӦô˵˴αչأһվ֮á
Ϊֻ˼ʱ䡣
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ӱ΢΢˫ʢͷ죬ҪƲ񷣬ϹȻ˸󶴣ⶴϽӣ꣬Ҳ½绯ˮ
һ̧֣ϳһҽɫ۴һֻһׯᶸȻС뻭һ۴֮ϣһ׽ۣУȻȡһҶۣ֮󣬶˵ۣۡ
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659 

ʱתʱһ˼Ĵ仹ڣǵĲݵءļݼ඼ãȰɽׯͨҲֻ
ӱ˸־һݵĶƮʱסۣͷٴͷȴû롣
ۻߣߵ֮ʱũܵϿмֻۡˣԶԶҾ֣ʣ»ˣ
ӱӦһǣ
䣬ͷܲߵĲȵũȵҪɽˣ
ɡɽ٣ȵһɷס
ӱȥĪҪЩˡ
˵꣬һ޶ϳۣԼɽ֮£ǵص׹¡
ԪӤ٣˾ž֮šľššǰʮһÿףԵ츳ͬ׽вͬ
ݡ޵Ļν٣Ҳž׽֮
ӱ׺
⡭ԪӤ׽٣û»˾ͽԪӤˡ
ϲŸսᵤ
ãɽ඼ᵤˡ
£ȡۣѰ»취
´꣬ͣЪȥ֮Ҳ
Ԫ׵վڣеˣԭϵ˲ֹһ
Ǿ˼ϵļƣ֡壬ǸʶعĳԱ֮һƣǹҵˡ
Ƶ࣬һװˣüмӰӣһӢˬ֮
Ǿǰƾ뿪ع飬ԭǻ˼ҡߵǸŮӣ裡
׹֮У˶ע档
Ǿ뿴ͷͱ絲סˡ
ž׽٣Ǻܿ죬ˣ塢˴δʱˡ
ɽȴ׸ƽǴݲһƬ
껹£ûҪͣ˼
ӱһ˵ȡһȹϣˣŻسɳߣϿУ񣺡λΥˣ
»ǰʲôߣ궼°ˣ˵ĹĽϡϷ
ӱصۣͷвŵڣ빧
δͼȵ׷˹ô죿
ôͻָˣ
ֻϻбսë
ӱũȣ
Ҹɣ
ѧˡ
ӱ˿ɣŰգ
л
ȵһʱΣϲ̵վӱ
ִζɽٵޣǻطũȡ
ӱˣΪǵδˡ
˵⼸ۣۡҲȲ˼ˡ
һһۣһԲĳǳء
¶ϲɫ
ռ֮ңңһָУ֮пһ˵Ϊǳء
ã
˼ȥһ·ãɽҡصȵ۾ˣ֮ӱ֮ڡ
ããˮϣʱ洬С۳֣е衢ľװС
Ԫױ㸺𰲶پˡ
֮󣬵˶Լɼһǳء
ָǶ
ɣʦܣһճǣ˵ˣɥʬһ
˴˾䣺ּ⡣
ӱ
ӱ½ĳǳأԭһǣֻ֪ιʣȥǿգΧͣΨˮ֮ϡ
ٳۣתᳪһԶŵɳۣΧųǳ֮ʱһʵ
Ŷӣ˵һֻȸǡ
Ů洣
˾ؿ˫һǳأȻ󣬻ؽǳ֮ϣǳ˴
û˳ǳص½磬ͻؾ˳ľˣڰ˳֮Уһټޱȵֱʣ˿УһӣȭҾ֣лΪҶӡ
ӱ˼־ȷǳȻףŻΣƮƮ䣬׶
ԭŮ洺ˣպҪԸһһ񣬡½ˮȥˮˡ
ˮ棬ٴλһǵأ֪ζ
ӱδɫϵĴƵ۳ǳΧ۵ͻǳأϲɫ׷˴ׯȥѰҰס
ӱָߣӰôˣˮʹй£ҵȥ죬ɵ¾˰գ
ָһ²Զۣ۾ţˡ
´ϲȭһݣԸĸһǴȥˡ
ӱŲȵֱʣ˸ǰͳŮʯ룬ȡ˾˵˿֯ɴʯֲ󶴣˺ܾãõʱ䣬ֻ֪صĵһδεعһδε뿪۳ǳסˣ߲졣
ԽԽСҲСˣ֮ͣˣ
-

660 

̫ӵƽ¶貵Ĺâ
˯һһһ¡
úĵһ£۵ĳǳر˽ũ
ģûԣһЩֵ뿪˳е¸֡
ӱȥɽ
꣬꣬ˮһֱδʡ
ǾţŵǷȥϷһؿ˶Ǳ߳´½
ǾΪΪŵӡ
˲һֱסϡ
Ĵޣظ֣ҲᱻԼ
۾ͣɽ£˶Ի˸طûκθоļ⣬ڹϰģڹнǮÿշŵʳ
ӱһãƳ鱦ƣȥˮ󡣡
鱦жߡ
Ҫööʹã롪
ӱչˡ
ȡ˵껹ʱռĶӣ׼ΪƾƣͼһһΣȡһöӣȡٵÿ񻹲ãһˣʧܣûҲõĲϡ
ֻøơ
ʧܣʧܣ
Σʧܸա
֪˶ãӱ鱦׼ˮһЩϵȵĲϣʯľȡ
ӱŲʱʯںϣٽľڼ䣬ֳˣʣνƳɵƵĲ֡
Ժӿķţ˵ɾ͸ɣһһȥһյӵƣþĻΪƻһŨҵľ֮ͻ
öЩõĲϻյı
ʣµĲϱƳһһǷħһǽޡ
ӱƵսףֳ־ƣŲȵǾԶ϶ʼˮ
ˮˡ
׺ɣĴ½ɴ󺣣Ĵ󺣻ɴ½
Ƶ棬ˮĵطľݣཥ˷ޡ
ӱһҹĳǳءƵϺǺȴǴ½
һҹʱ̫ķֱˡ
ԪѾˣϵò쵼۳İգµ쵼۳ǵгг֣ѧң쵼̻գܡ
ǣˮԸؼ˿Աؼؽ԰ŵĵӽʹһعڹһг̣³ʱİɻ磻³ߣϲİա
£͵˸Ըط磬˵곤ߵİš
صһһ˵ؽͷֵĳа
ӱˮ֮һ˯ꡣ
ѺأȵΧֱ
ɽϣһиŮԶǰǾҾһϮŵӵ۷̬ȹϵĺȻ֮޷ӡ
ݼ»ˣ
ӱһͷǾǾ¡
ǣ
ӻ棬Ľ
Զӱ߰ա
һ·ȥ˼ˣ
ȥϷǴ½
Ǳˣ
СףΪĲ䣬˵ߵˮѾˣǲš
ǲţǲԸڵһСӱһ˹ؼŵǷ۶ѡϷǴ½йǱ˲䡣ĲǱǿĲ䣬СеҰĺԸ
ǻŮʮ
⵹Сġ
أ
¼ҵǱߣӲǰù¼ŮСãǱ޷Ǿ˵꣬Щأ·ˣЩһֱع׳Ѿ
ӱþԶ
Ǿɻ£ᶨƵĳ顣
ǰ֮䣬ȴԶ
Ǿʣһ죬ܴﵽĸ߶ȣ㡭ҽΪô
ӱȻףؿ֪ңҵ
ȥ𣿡
ᣡ
ʵʲô
ʥ幫»
»֣΢ģ𣿡

ᣬȴޱȼᶨ
ǾЦúܿġ
ӱȥϷǰ·ˡ׳գ
ǾѮˣ˼硣ϷǺ󣬻ĲĹСཫҶߣǺ˽»ǻ̽λˡ
С´ӣҹ̸˴󷿣׳̵ȣͨ¶´ϵķ棬ԺᣬСС;ͺаԵ
ǰھæµϷָӲҲæµСЪˣһֱڶߡ
ǺϤġ
һΪӱʱݡ
ڣѾܵñλ硣
-

661 

˳ۣ˵ЩϷǻĲ¡
պҹӱǾִﻪĲȴǹȳһƬںǽ
Ǿ⡣
ۣӱǾ뻪ĲĳǳأЩǽֵ½ģ̽գֵƶ̫ܣ߻谵ϸһˣڽȻһҵƺ̵ġԺûһ¥
׳·Ĺܲס
ӱǾһ¥СԺԺﴫһӵĺȳЩ϶ˣҲ˷ʳ㣬Ҫȥ棡
žž
ǺصĶ⣬˵޻Ұ׵òֱðеүү̣еĲү̣Ȼ˲Т
ТТʲôһʵͷˣҾ˾˱˷ˣҪ
ӱ˷УʱһƬš
·˳ҵ˫ͻһ𣿡
ӱһָ¶δع񣬱һͷԵڵϣԱߵ³ͷӱ
Ǿȭһ񣬡׳ˣⲻŵ»ˡ
ӱһϮװɨˣĴϵ˵ǶһЩҲǹøá
Ǿ˵ǣ໤˱Ǳ࣬ٲٵ£Ҳٻᰤ
ӱ̫ϵм١
·۾һգգؿӱúһ
ͣţſ˫ۣ뱧ӱϧԼȽԽ㡣
ӱ·ϵѾ;ƿݣԪ
ӱЦ񡣡
߽·ˣЦ񾲰Ȼؼ磿ǾǻϺʡĻǣ
·ץס֣ûˣûˣǲǣ
ڣֻҪ뿴ܿ
·ظ߶ؼңԼļңϺʡļңϺƽģҲǶ飬һӹ¶Ժ˰ҲҴҽԺ˳
ӱذȥҽȥ̡
Ϊ֮һͷĻ
һؼңһؼҡ
ָ·˵ǰ趯£·Ͼ˯ˡ
Ǿ׳ʰһ£ҽǻȥ
׳ʵҡܴ˻ȥҵһң׷ҵЩ¡
Ǿӱһͷ
ȥ֪ͨǡ
һСʱ
³ͷ૵ͣһͷأˣô죿Ǹúӣ´ϣ⼸ܹС۸Ҳ
ӱصȻ᲻µˣͼ°աһߵ׳ϴжĺҪôҪӣ
һ⻰ˣʮˣôٽӣܣҲˡ
ұϾǱ˵ĺӣܵܵģҲԼĸĸˣ˸ܣǿйû뵽ǴʹࡣһӱΪǴͷģһΪ³Ϊ¼ҵʲôӣҪӱǲ֪õķӣǽʵ顣
ӱһ֪ãͲ䣬Ϊƿ
㵶ȣǾҲɵ⣬һ׮ἸʮܾȻơ
ӱ߽³ͣ㲻ĹѪӣഺʱĻƣȴҪԵϡΪ׳֪ףֻҪӱʵ飬Ի£ȴɿʹҲϽʵ飬ֻΪǸ
³ʹҡͷ㡭ô֪ģ
ӱٿҪ˲֪ǼĪΪأҲ¶мʱ򡣡ƽȴ˲Ϊ׳򸾳ϦദҶ׳˽⣬һΨ·һˣǸǿ㡢֮ˣ·˵¡
ĺӣôֻĺӡ㵱׳ҪţҪֹɷѿĵزɢǣֻΪ֪ʵӡ
㼸Ȱӱ˸ѣӢ˵ġĶŵģʲô͵ĶУ಻Сԣ죬ĳֽš
ˣʱһƬȻ
׳ָ³ͣ㡭㡭ɱԼŮ
ûŮ֪ܣôܡܰԼĸ磬һҪ޸Ҫݵ£ҡһȻҪȥĻֻáֻá
-

662 β1

࣡
ҿ˴̣ͷѪܶ˺
ӱĲ²⣬һ˺ܴˣ޷ˡ
³͵ƣͬҲа׳ơ
Ťͷһߵأ׳ʲô
ǲңú˼
Լӱ֪ʵ飬Ϊʲô³͸㣬ʵ¼ҵӣֻҪ֡һ֣ӱصġ
ʹ˼
£˼ʮ꣬ᣬܸоĵĴʹ
ΪʲôΪʲôԸ
Ϊ˽ģӱشܱĸоʹ࣬ò԰ΣҲԸ࣬Ϊ㲻ϱˣֻһˣʹҲʹҲʵһ˽µˡ
˽
ȷ˽
ÿӱԽԽ㲻ԣŵ꣬ԽԽԸؼҡˣ־ûо׵Ρǰ˼û˵һ⣡
ֻǹ̫æ߲ҡ
ؿǰŮҲӱͻش𣺡ӱԲԣôֳôҵãȻֳҵŮ
ӱ𻰣ֻǽתһߣ㲻Ҫȥ׳ϲһߣ
Ǿˣȥɣ
ת¼СԺ
»˾Ȼôܣ¼ǣˡ
ȻҪǱơ
ҪǶԼ̫ݣݵһİҪϵøɾס
סԴͣԼҵ׸ʲôҿؼѰҵˣȻұԼŮһһУҡ
٣٣ҵĽ١
ӱĮȻؿ׳ʣһĨлˣҲٶΣ»Ҫ㣬֮䡣Ҽס»ɲôǵģร
̧ͷӱ΢΢üͻվ߽ӱ»¿ʼòãڲãҲŮ
ӱ񿴹һĿ𣿿ͷӵӣãһϲ㣿
ͷӡ
䲻
æҿΪЩģϲʲôӣʮꡢʮꣿ
ӱסˣɷб𣬱ЩΡӱҲãҲգѾǹȥˣû˻һ

һֱ̫̫̫࣬ᣬʼ޷¡
㣬ΪҲ磬ϻۣر
ǾʱʹˣҼﶼֻ򵥵һЩмĶ
еϲѾˣֻмҾ컹ڡ
еϲ»ڣûˣа
еϲ£ûˣʣԼһˣŵ޶Ĺǻҡ
һҵˣһ˱
׳æҵػطʰıѫºƬ顣
ӡϱȥæµʰڴӳ
ӱ·˵εԺȡۣһ·˽ȥ߰ɣ
˿Ժһӣº棬ͷŷܴжƺС
˿̣Ҵͷ˻ͷ󺹣Լңֶһӣսţͼ³Ͷ㲮ү߰ա
³޴һ¼Ⱳľһˣô죿
׳ŵܵңͣؼ߰գ»˵õ֮ˣƽϵġ
³ʱϲ⣬ʰԣӾͺãһҪǣӡ
ʲôӡϱҪˣ̫ܵ࣬ʵ̫ۣҴ߾ͺˡ
ϲò֪ΰţ߽˵绰룬ǲͨҵĵ绰磬ˣҪǻؼ磬Ҫȥ͸ϽԽԽãˣǾˣ
ͷӵ绰ȴ磬ǽߡ
΢۾ÿǼ޵¼ҶǸ
ɳ˲֨Աߵ˵ǡ
ˣڷɻ첻ŵǷѵȥϱ
ؼ磬Ƕջ󰡡
ܻؼ磬ֺοʲô䡢Ȩ
¼﷢ҲšӸ
̫ȫˣΰãָ䡣
ǰԪױԼӷˣڵλֲ֪˸̨ˡ
뿪뿪ã
밡
ǾҾֵˣʱˣ
ӱﶪʯ˼־գ
棬м￪ʼУȵǣҲؼ磬ȵǡ
-

663 β2

ԽԽߣ˸߿գͻȻһڿζָۣһ߷ڿУס۵ȥ·
ϣ˵Ķһš
ӱ켸־ƾʧˣһʹ۴ǷߵԱ߼۶ȥ󣬴һžžǹֻ֮ûۡ
Ǿ͵ƣзȹܣղǿܣЩ˿
³ͷ૵Ҵһôû
ҴǱѵ߿ˡ
ϵǾǾ㸸ĸˣ
ãסУӹûС
ʲôط
ǾЦ鱬ʱȡۣ˶ƽʡٺһǳؽۣŵҳ棬һ·ִӱϣ˲ˡ
ˮȴϵĳоƵһУǶĳǳءǰƼ󲿷ֶ׶԰ѧҲȫ
³޺ʵ˭г
ǾгȫѡٵģǾĲ֪н˿϶˵֡ǰѧңдúܺãҸĸ¶ʮ꣬Сİ꣬к
׳ʵڻжˣ
йһ˿ղ飬߰ʮǧˣ֮ع½Ǩ룬еģŻжٰʮˡ
»ϲ
ããϷǴ½˶࣬ҲǱ֣ǻԼĹãǱٺãײ̤ʵ
Mִ
ԼĵطԼؽ
࣬֡
ӱӿռȡ桢ɵװдǾһˣ׼һ£
ǾؿӱͳΪ·ˣ
ˣҪȺӵģӲˣԸһɡ߽·ˣĶͷļ侰͸ƵԺ΢΢һЦƵĴ˯
Ӧһνһ䷿ӣǲŷΧкЩ䣬Ȼ󣬵ȴɹϢ
ǾҶҪңǸԤģϰǴͳСĿԷһ䣬ҲԽȥϢԤˮ͸Ƕ˿ȡܱʳҲ˷ʳ
ӱۣȡһֻСɵۻ˾ǣ˴󺣣˼һĺԷסС¥ǰԼΪĵΧС¥սˣȥĻУͬûżסС¥¥˽ȥ
˻йϵĽãΪ·׳׵ĵط
˻ɽĹĹߣﲻ·˸ĸķĹ㡢ӱĹ
ָϻУѡ˷λ󣬽ռĶ²ãǻ֪ʱִУһɽĹһϷ
úú۱㵽еϿա
ӱۼݵϷĴԺڣ˴
̾Ϣһ׷׿ʼ¹µɡϤӣ¥ҲǰͦΣ¥Ĳٳ򳡵ȣ¥ĺǾ쵼ӵʦ¥¥˾¥ȡ
·۾ϲشΧϷҼһһģ࣬ҼǵҪȥǰڴ֣Сϸˡ
ʮ˾ȥԼסĵطүүְ֣סķӻڣһڡӣ뿪ʱһ
ӱǾûеģס˾¥Ҵӱ׽ԷļС¥Ҳƹˡ
ǾҺţΣһһԼľӣˣôҲж˵ľӱá
ӱ׵£ǲֵġ
һֱӱǾʱʱĽ¼ʵ÷ԼģͷӣһҪᣬһҪҲģҲԺ˵
ƴѹסʡŭ
׳ҵûŮģȥ¶ԺһǼңǺǣҪкʵģѰϰϵضͷܴţϼһһҲаˡȴҪȥҹġ
˵ﴫһ˵ǡǣɽĹˣڹĹﰲ߹࣬еѾнˣ񶼵ĽеǼǣԼ˵ĹĹһ֮ڣûߣ˼ݵĹǻ󺣣һϱй
·ǵȥǼǣĪĸŮҸĸĹǻҸˡ
һֱӱ
-

664 β3

ӱĳִװ磬ֻͷȻܳ˳衣
¼סһס˺ԷʱǴС¥ҲǶ¥ģҲסˡ
գӱ׳ȥ˹Ĺ·ϻʻ
·˿ŸĸĹ¶񾲶Цݣ֡裬ˣЩǡҼ޸³ƽӹҸûһŮһֱҺܺá
ӱ˿ӱĹǰƬԼƵգһʻĹǰĸŮ֮ء
˫˫г˷𾭣Ϊ㳬꣬ΨԸǼ֣֮ࡣ
ú棬Ҳ֪ʱ߶һҲδ֣ʵ㻹һУ㲻Ϊ㳬ȡ
ӱʱȴһžװȻ
Ц»ǱӢҸˣ
ɣҲûôĵ
ôģ
ӱǰӱһ֣»ٿʱֻһʣհ񵭵ûаͷͷΰᣬҲβϵġ
סؿڣĲϣգգ۾ӦðϸģҵĲϣǶʮġ
ӱһ׳û뵽ֻʣһĨл꣬ڡ˵Σ
һã׳˭
ٸװ⣬ǲƵûһΡҿɸ㣬ӱ֮ת˼Ρɽ¾ʿɽ¾ʿߵ飬ߵĪĸ㡣ҼȲᰮǣҲٶ࿴һۡ
ӱ֮
ôܣ
ⲻܣ
֪ţӱЦ㲻ûʱٲͬգ˽ʱ˵һ꣬˽Ǽ꣬ùתˣû֣ҵ죿ΪǴ֮ˣ֮һ
˵ˡ
顢Īȴˡ
ǲͬġ
ǵĻʴ󣬵ٰ
ӱ˰֣أҲϲ㣬øȥҵۣԼĻǿҪҸŮӣ׳¿ѧһܸˡ
ؿһʹ
ûиоںͱ
·˵ӱĹǰ
·Цӯӯص㣬㻹ߵ磬ûĩҲãУ绹õġ
ӱɿ⣬½ݣû˼ݵģ޺ˣҲ¸£ǵĹǻҾͻᱻ󺣡
֮·˻ҡ
Σ·ͷһ֪ĵ꣬Һүүڲӳɵס֮ǻϺʡҸĸ£ڽðһΣүүӰ첻ã͵͵ܴϻɴŮ˵һӾ֪ˡ
һɽĹȥ˽á
ֻǣĽ˺ЩˣŸ߸ߵӣᡣ
·΢΢üڸʲô
һ긾ŮҪģ˵ĶǶ˾غԼϹʵĺ׻ƵҪĳӦ׻񣬻ʹ¡
ԣһ磬ʹ˻Ĵѧϵĸ߲ﶼװһ£˶ġΪ޵ĵط
Ĵǿ
øΪá
긾ŮੲݣָһкСӣ㣿黹أ˼ӿƷҪܶģúָĻ˵á
·˵ܸӣҪģֲ˵ʲô
Ҳգи
ڲҲ
һ·ӽó·˿ŴϵȺֻڵˣиֳг֣Ǿ̫ԶߣֻҪǳĴܽе
ﲻֽңͨһܻʮңһһʮңרŵУʱһ
ϲ֮˵飬һһһ
Ա긾Ůˣ˺˼䡣
ҸӵŮ˲ãǰЩӰȥˡ
𣿿ɸ
Ȼ
ԶųӣڡվƱſڹƱ
ȥˣ
ŵģ
졣
ƱѾˣܲУ
Ҹʱ䣡
ƱĶǸʱ䣬ֻܲƱҪҪ
Ҫܣ
Ʊôôȥģۼ˺࣬ǲ
Ա˵粻֪˵ҪյӣɸģѺǶ͡
-

665 β4

ӱ֡ƽĻ棬ʱʱдƷľ쾭ŵܴѹѲߵľģǸĵؽ԰
Ž㣬æ߶߶ʲô
ŮҪˣҵ׼㶫
Ķˣ
Ҵ塣
⵱ũԣŪׯڵģһĶأֳʳ
Ǻ˼ңŮ޹ȥԴҲûʯ
һУ÷չ
ٴ鴴Ҳȥ
ֻ͵ؽ԰ΪҸĺӼŬ
ӱţϾΪƼֻۡ
ۣʯһֻʮƺСϳΣʮˣȣٶȲڷɻǺܿͽ۵Ĵڡ
ȫҲֻۣÿڰ˷ǳ֮䡣
ռ׶ĵλߵѧĽֵ˷ǳأĩǰسǣҲΧسΧ
·̽Ĺúĵҹš
׳ǰãԼ𻯳ɻңװ˹ǻҺУ͵ɽĹ
ӱȥˡ
һ𣬲֪ʱ
Ǿۣʧ쾡ͷ
صһҹ֮׳֣¶գ
ãһһŮ׳úˬ졣
ţϰ飬Ҳͻʧȥ·˵ʹлֻû뵽ǣ׳κף·뿪ĵҹҲȥˡ
Լ˼ãܾҵİݼ
³ͷͻȻĪĲ
ƺµʲô
׳·˺ڹĹ֮³ͷ򸾵塢ҵ뿪ˡ
ȥĶ
ɣ
Ҵ󲮣㻹𣿡
ᣡҵĺ󱳣ΪѰ»ܷ֣ǰΣܰһβͬˣԼû
塢һ˹¶͵Ǹһ飬һСϴѧĴѧרҵҲȫ׼߿գ
һ㹻³һܶ꣬Ҳ㹻ǹϴѧ
*
˿̣ӱǾ
غ󣬸ˣڻĴٽڣ֮˿ɾͽѡӡҴ˴αչأֻΪƴƳʱͻأǷڣɽĵӣ봫ѧϰɹ
Ǿȭ˱أ
ӱũȣӽɼо󣬹вٻεݡޣеĻ໥Ц
䵽Уֹͣ˴֣ˣ
̧̧֣ȥգһЩ
չƵĲǴۣǸ˷Ƶģ˼½ͨɺҪ
չ֮ʱѰũܣΧתãҲδѰǾ˵ɽȡ
ũѲڴ˽磬µĽƣȴ˭Ҳ޷ơ
ѰطԾũͷݳסʱʱȥɽЩҰζժҰ󣬾мѰʵŮ˰ʦʻԾ£һЩɹ
ʦɵǡ
׷ţ
׷׷Ϊɣ
׷»˵˼
ԭһʦȻѾˡ
ãֻŵ֣ʦûȡ׷ˡĵѾܲ
׳ŵʵʦ»˿λ֮һ»ˣ

ʦĿøߴ֪λ»˼ɣֻ벽ܷ
ʵʦڵΪǡ
ᵤڣܿ죬ʦҲԪӤˣʱ
ʦĪǲ˵ףǷһǿ
ݵΪʦĺף
ǲʦߣضȥ
ɽһʯ÷ɽ֡׷šɷ֣ôôƯ
ڱչԼǲҲչ
ãΪ׷ĲЩչصĺá
*
ӱء
ȥأƺõĴֽ塢λ档
Ǿ֪ɽڱؾ·ڵȺ
һ꣬
ǾЦĶţΪֽˣҪ׷ƺܲס
ӱǳЦȻĳ¶Ǿһ̫࣬ǲԸˣͷְɡ
򶮵ãԲ̡
Ǿʵηģ
Ϊ͸ıһ³͵ƻֻǳııɽһǣǱ󣬻иı΢΢һЦͻǶԹĳ׵ķ֡
ǾɰԾʲô
ӱɺЦЦݵıȴһĨ²Ҳաһ֮ΪˣܹıáơԳªеıƣѡˡףңҶݺݵػȥˣ˵ǲãǾĪҪңΪ»һݲɳӵˡ
-

666 β5

ͷ֪˭𣿡
Ǿ⡣
ǳɽħ̫Ӱ׳ĻһֱΪѾɾˣ˽磬ӵһƷֻꡣұգһңҾ飬ǻὫؼһƷֻˣ
תԸ˵Щ֡
Ĭãһֱأ
ǡ
ӱ΢΢һЦҲȥһټѣأ
Ȼת
ǾħҪ𣿡
ã͸ˡ
ӱ۵ϼɽ
˼顣
Сһ˼䣬˹Ҫ뿪˽磬輧ϡ
Ǹ󣬶
Ϊֻ㣬һƴС˴ߵĸ¥
Ͻӹصعݣ񣺡»˶Ҽһҵѱ
˽磬ʹ⴫ڵĹ䲻صĴ켶ؼ岿ʮ硣֣صضմԵߵ֮Ҵ㣬㴫ˣ˲δ֮ͬٴˣ֮˱Ʒж˷Ϊһ硣
鼤ѵãһóô࣬͸ѵˡ˷ģµΪһҼϳŻ
ӱһͷˣأ
ˣ
ӱϼɽٽеԺ
֡ļһֻΪˣȴѾûˡἰص»һ޶
ӱĴѧļλҽڡϵڡϵܵľ㶼
ֲ⡣
ȴߴȥ
˵˹㲥ңɤӷһ㲥ӱ˵ļλǽܵĽھټᡣ
һСʱǵˣյ඼ˡ
жʮˣңӱһ㶣ع󣬾رȭһ
ŵӶЩݶѧڡ
ӱҪˣٱ֮ǰһЩСҽ·ɷɣʶһҽҩҽָҽҽģҩǵҩڳλܣ֮ɸѡҽվߣѡҩվұߡ
ҪʵĹ
ڼ
λҽڷվࡣ
ӱֵҽߣľܣҲľԵɸߣлܣǻɸ
ƺĲһܿ죬½˵
ȡһ־ԽڵĶͷʱӦĹӿԽڵԺ
󣬵Ϣ٣ȫҽʵĹ
Խһ£һӣһݡ
Աߵ˺ܿͷ֣ÿ˵Ĺͬÿһˣͻỻһö
ӱԴҽǵУһд裬˽оɡѧɣɼ壬ҽԲʣֻһѧ츣ˣý˹к
˽̵
ǿԳȥˡ
ȻϵĽڣӱڵƷҲǷʦûѧЩ췽ҹ̷ģʺõģ⴫˲
ȥ󣬱ϵĽڣӱ벼ӦĹ
Ͱ͵ӱ
ӱĥƬ̣ͬؼһ켶
һͷԺͶһЩ
ߺӱóһ鼮ףе硢һס
õԺʹӡóģѾװɲᡣ
ϲ¶ɫлˣлˣ
Դȥ߱ؼ켶ǿղиҲɴǵĺˡ
ȡֻ۳Ʒۣˣи
˿̣и˶վԱߡ
ȡʮֻۣƷۣת˷ǡǵýҲһס
ǣ
óһֻһףн⣬Ƭ̺и֮ھͶһߵġ
һ˿Ц⣬Ʒɽ״켶ʮؼʮĲʮ˲Ƽɣޡޡ޹
һݣ˴
ҡˣ
˫˽磬ڴ˳ǷգͷлԭǶɽҲʹõġ
һϣƬ̺󣬿ѹ
ӱӻգ֮У˳⣬٣֪Ǻڣˣ˵׽٣˵͸ڵɫ׵УԪӤڻҺԪ񡢻ڡ
ɣɾ
óۣиˡѧĽվԶԶۣлΪޣһɫӰϼӰʵˣƮɻ죬ʵϼ⻺ա
-

667 β6

Զضλңң
ڷɽϣＱеش󺰣»»
̫ĻѾû˵ڡ
ӱػط򣺡λأ
ãȻʧ룬طȥ
˵ھ˸߿Ƽʱǿһգԭɣͨɾͳ֮·
»˷ѧڡǵһҪٴθΪǡĴˡ׻֮⡣
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硣
츣صɽƺ֮䣬һսظ̨
̨һƬţһץס̨Сɣ½أ
񣬲˷
ûУôûУ
ûУ
»ڽգûأ
ܣ
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ϡһʺţũĹǷ羰ⲻǷ壬ҪȥԼϡ˲ʺţһ·ζȥվ֮ϵĵط죡
ޡ翣УС
ԭˡ
ĵЦˡ
ĻԵ˲һء
һɲˣ
һȺļ́ͷȫǺƨɣĺӻͷȫԴ
ĽǶȲͬĻȻͲͬ
˴½Ͻ磬Ͻ˻½
ϽˣһĥһƷĸᡣ
½ˣȴɵ룬ƴŬռĿġ
Ҳݲͬѡ˲ͬķʽ
ڴ˿̺ΪһԼµĽ磬Ϊһ
ȸŮںϡ
ΣΣɫǿգռɫμģģ಻ĶΡΡʲôϵӱ»飬
ԭûй涨࣬ļࡣ
ʥ磬䣬һӤ䴫
ʥۡʥһ˫˫Ѱ١
ҽϹ֮׷׷ƶ̽
һһк
ҽ䣬Ƿʲôˣ
һۡ
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ܣ
¶Ȼ
๲оࣺӤ䡢ߡء񳪡ѡ׵ٻ䡢ʺ֡
Ӥ֮󣬷꽻֯籯ֽ֮·ڰο˵ķ磬ǧӵ˿̶ƻᱻࡢḧ·ٶı඼ٿ࣬ܻΪޡ
ӱ˿еļ䶼ƿբĺһ㸡Ժõġʹġ
׳ңңʹص㻹𣿺ҽƭ㣿ҵȡˣ
ˣ
Ϊβޣ㲻Ӧú𣿡
ĲˣѾ㣬½ĲһĨл꣬Ҳһɻ޵ţȥ޸ǡ
Ĳң
ΪʲôҪأӱЦºͣ޸˻ǣͲ㣬İ׳ѾˣһˣһĻϢһֻתҲвһ׳ˣҲˡ˼޵𣡡
˼޵
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׳ʧˣԶȴ飬һСӱ
𣿡
ɽˡЦúܲã֮仹п𣿡
δйܣġ
ûУδа˽飬൱ˡ
֮䣬ֻѡ
һֱҵѣϧ飬η꣬൱ء
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ʵУĪ˱ˣйһ˲Ķô
У
ģȴڱøɾ
һд㻹һô
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Ķʷڣǽ
һֱģϣһһţҶġĶǸˣ㣬Ӱӡ
ȴ֪ѾˣվˣҲվϲ͡
ԣĶǶǶӰӡ
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أ»ϲ𣿡
Ǿһе
㡭ϲҲᣬˡ
˵һվһԸһᡣ
ǰһᣡҿ޷Ԥ֪С
-

668 

Ϊ޷Ԥ֪һᡣ
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ҲǷ㣡ûҪһֱ㣬˵ֻпԼ
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δں𣿡
ϧӵеģֵõġ
Ϊֵںˡ
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ûоЩ죿
ҽһƣⲻ»ֻ»ûô󡣡
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࣬Ƿ֤֮࣬أ㻯͵ǰ֮һ⵽˭Ҫ񣿡
ʥ̫վڸĸ࣬һָ󣬡»СѾͷϢȡϢɽ޸ɽĽӡ飬û뵽ʮδҪˣ겻ǧգ
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΢΢һЦҸҴģ»Ҳȸ
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ʥ۷߷ߵضҪһϹһ򣿡

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ӱΣʱһϮѩɫۣͷһѩ״Ļڣ»ߵлʥ
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669 -Ī

ӱס˱ѩɽͨ˱ѩ
塢ҽһЩ˷磬ҽ˸𿴻ľѩɽѲ߱ѩɽҽɹϼĳϡ
Щ˶ģʥ˶֪ӣû飬嶼Ưĸۡ£ҲæģֻҪӷžһ
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ɽĴĪ
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Ī΢΢һ£ȭҾ֣Īݼ񣡡
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磬Ҷ˵һʯֹ飬Ƣã˵ʱ죬ʱǱ顣
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Ī΢΢ͷƴǷɽǷ񣬵֪ӱںܾǰͷѩ
ʥĽӵؼƯϹΪǱʯɫģ˵ϻ˼ԶѪ
֮ҽ塢塢塢忪ʼҽĶϼͼ޸ϵֶΪޣȢĹּ޸ҽꡭ
Ī˼ɲ裬Ц磬ҡ»ް
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ӱЦѩɽʲôã̫塣ǽԺĴ
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Īɡ
ӱߣҴȥ԰϶ϲġ㲻֪ѩɽҪֳЩľίʵףлͬܽװͬٻ԰һ㡣
԰ֲ˲庮ɶͷһͥԺñʯɣ֮ϻ죬ףﶼ߶壬΢һ졣
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ϲͺãǾھˣԺӾˣɶ𣬻ֲԵĻľһŲʵġ
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ˣ㲻˵ѣ
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ĪǰǸΣμԼ꣬һ˲Ķ𣺡С
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ѳɹȥΪδޣδ飬лᡣ
йĶ˵лٴĶ
ѩȻд½ѣס˱ѩɽϢܿʹȥˡ
һЩµһͰѩ¡
ҾûĹ
ܴһѩ֮ڹţŻ
ͬ˷ԡ
Ϊ϶϶ǹѸѩͬ
ѩĲŻ֮黭һҪսʵҲᣬԼһﱦƣⶫԿһħ
ʱһħǰһ٣ԭλ߸ϵŮ񣬲ŭգһŭаħη塣
˵λħ񶼻δأίʵ˵̫أҪչˡ
ɽϣһλ˫ڻӽ裬ֻһĹٿ߽Īס˱ѩɽ
ɶǱ䲻飬Ѫ߹ϲ׽ˣûκ׽
ɽңңԵɽϣλڶ塣
һλ걧ȭҾ֣ʦ棬˵ѩɽסһλɣѩھӡѩйѩɽ
Ǿһ¡
׷ɹһЦǾٱܶ˼Ľ˾ͱˡ
ǾʵĪǺˣ
׷ҡҡͷԼж
-

670 -Ǿ

ԱߵЦʦ棬ĪΪһֻ񣬾˵˼½ʱĴӣ˼ٵ»ʶһ½ţ糯Ϧദǧꡭ
ദأܱȵġ
Ǿһʦүǣ
ҴҵѩɽȥȴԶһŻµӣŴ磬ίʵҹάͷȴ㿴ңҿ㣬ǡ
һ̣˴˷־ͬһ
鰴಻סȭʵ֪γƺ
Ǿ飬Ǿ
飬ɽϣڳɽ
Ǿ̾һ˵ɽؼĴ֮һԪʥʥӡ꣬һ˻ˡɽȴѡ˳ɽ磡
£ƣӱʹȴѡڳɽ磬ʥʱһʶԲǡͨ÷˶ڣ꣬ʱǸư
ΪΪ
ǾЦ
ҾʵλںδУ
طɡ
ؿɽأǺø
Ǿ˰֣ҵ꣬»ҽ٣ԵԵҷһ׷Ļᡣ
ʱɴ۾ϡ£㲻Ūˣ˫ޣҪҿǷŵӣᡭ
Ǿ»˫ޣ
ȴ£Ȼ֪
Ǳģɴ˵١òǺŪİɣ˵»սϻزǽħǲ֪ߵغħɸһ٣˵˵úء
˾Ƿ˷ߣ˵ٻͷֻаķݶ
˸ɤţʹǧﴫСӱСӱãûҰ
ԶɫüҪꡣ
Ȼ⻹㣬һϤöŮԶú飬ŷɽ磬Ҳˡ
飬顭
֣˵¾ʿ߱д顣
ǻٵģô˼һ׷ˡ
Ǿ»Ǿã㵱Ӧŵʲôɻǵã
Ǽǵãٴұһᡣ
ӵӿ죬ûԣһתۣһһðˡ
Ǿ˱ѩ
ӱǽĪ
֮󣬾ǵĻϲ
ӱЦΪ׼оסԺ䣬룬ȵķĪ»ʣ밵ǡ
Ǿڣסݡ
ݶ÷طϲЩ
ֲίʵϲ÷
ЦüüۣСӱã֪⣬ϲ÷Դ֮ƫϵĶ
ӱĪǴȥԺӣֶλӣѩɽˣã
Զӽסȭͷֱѷŭܸ߳С
ȴܳȥ
ӱ˰Ǿȥݡ
ǾĪɾͲˣ»Ҫɡ
ӱůʵ࣬ЪϢա
һ;е඼ֵˡ
ӱǱ˵ϷˣòŶȿȣ˰
Ǿض˵Ȼ죬˭˵ѩ񲻽飬˼ҷǶģϲ
ӵˣҲ̲ˣڿУǾˣϷѩҹء
˭
ӱһʱԺûʲôɡ
Ӽ˽ӻ䵽ԺУνһӣôˣ
ӱգգЩ죿֪λ
Ȼ֪ݣ
˼Ľôãô֪ܲԼ
ֻƮѩһǻ飬˼Ҷ֪Ĵڡ
Īȥһָɫƽ޲ȴҪЦ˲ϵãⲻɽս
ӱǾ㼸ʱǵ׷ѩѰܣ
ǾһĪҾʵʸ£𣿡
г𣡡
Ǿ˼⣬֪Ǻγ𣿡
δޣ㲻㣿
ӱŴͣǾ㼸ʱȻȥձ˵δޣ̫ˣҲģһ˼飬ʵλδǲǱһƯ
ΪʲôҪ֡
ǾŮɡŮ񣬳һҲʶˡ
ӱգ۾Լǵ£ǲã˼ô׷
ǾһȦҲ֪λŮɡŮ񣬡µδ˭
սһ𣺡ѩ»
ӱһңָԼıӣֻƬ̣ЦЦһҲЦҲʶ㣬ξͳδޣ
-

671 -ǰ

ս񲽲ƣôˣ
Աţӱȴʱವһγ˱ô˵ǰ׳
׳˭ս಻֪Ǻˡ
Ǿδ֡
ЪϢ֣ʱ˹һսѯʰ׳ӹ͵׳ɽħ̫ӣ˹ƶˣ͵ɽ磬תΪҽӰ׳˻ȡҽ幦ţɽ磬ʥʥûɢ
꣬ħΪŮ»٣Ϊ֮ţת׳ѵһƷֻȴûһǰ硣
»֮ʱ׳֮ʣΪˡ
׳ƾһƷֻؾ꣬ٻΪħ»ΪһԼΪ׳ʥ磬ʥʥáȴ׳볤ɽ硣
׳Ϊơ»ʥʥŭϹꡣ
ѹᵽ׳
Ѳɣ֮ʱȴĪ˵ԭ
Լһֱв⣬ԭôһ׮
»Ϊǰ׳
ӱӣ㿡ȴ˶ݣԣÿӾÿĻ⾳ĺû͡ԶۣȴռС
Ҽ֣ʶꡣ½˵㲻ұգǣұ꣬ؼ䳹ʧ
Ī˿ڲԶһףΪεӱԼ顣ԭǶǰ£ãľ̴ʹ޵ٵȫȻ¡
ԣһο̹ĵУһıһơ
˱࣬Ĺ֡
ӱڳʽаɣ֮УЩ۵ģҪսҵģ
սЦãһѩŮĶҪ붯ִܣǰλħǷᣬɽȴҪԼС
˿δɫ
ӱ΢΢üΪ㲻УҾͲˡŮ˵սҽӵ˸ų򣡡֮ʱеһһޣߣֱս˫ָܡ
Ǵ˿ȺظΧۣһɫ˷ܣ
ѽˡ
ȫЩΨ²ҵġ
м쳤˲ӣ¿©ʲô
ѩսܣһѪ߹һսǿսѩ֮սпͷ
սһֱδ磬
ɰôģ
˵һǾϷѩ񣬱սƼˡ
ս񱧴ƽ
ǣս˵ѩδޣȻѩŭⲻʹ
ۣԭȴϢսȻѩڿˡ
Ӳవսģô
ѩ˳úãƢÿɳȷ黹죬һԲϾͿġ˵ʱʵ۸һ٣ˣݺݵթһʡ
ӱУֻһζܣգƲóˡԱ޻һӳûɾŰ

սһ⽣Ѿδֹ
ӱպȣΪһĴˣҴ֣һ֣Ž뷢սһٳ񽣣һŽͷϮӱͦ磬Ȼ㿪ԼľŽȴδ̶ֱ񽣡
溮ˣĲս䣺Ӻδϰþ
ӱӭƾʲô㣿
˵ǧַ㿪ڣ
»µأǲҪв
Ȼɱ⡣
ԭǾǵˣνһЦ
ӱһֻ޹ǣһƶػ˶ԷĽУĽѵĽϡ
սʵ۾սΣһĻ֮ơ
ͻһĽ磬л书Ψ첻ƣֽʹжһС
ӱӦӲϾϽʵ
ƽһθо޴Ӧԡ
ʹÿ죬ӵÿ졣
ã֮䣬ޣһ赸Ȼһ˿Ľӹٴαסʹ˶Ҳá
⾲ŵû˺֮
ӱղѣʲôؼ߳˵İʮֽʹˣΪ˽նԸң
Ӯˣս񹴴Цù졣
߽ӱؿµӣǸӺϰãԸҵôɵᱡ㣿
ɣ
ⲻս
վƶ˵ĴСǣýǧδۡ
Цս񣬽ȻҪᱡѩ
Ů񺰣ᱡңᱡѽ
ҡͷԣĪǾǵ˱۸ǲȥæ
ȫ֡
ӱ߷ߵŭ飬ˣ
-

672 -ծѳ

ǺһЦСӱʲô¶˵ծѽ⣬˲òϡ
ĪǾǾ΢üͷοħս񣬿
ӱ޷˵Ǿ졷ʽ
սԼĽбƣ׾ͱ⣬΢
ھʽ
ɺ׽֮ģ
սĽбÿ죬ӱָÿ졣
ʮ֮սδֵðô
ǾԭǽޣԽʵӱĵ㲦֮£ֻӦ磬ܿ͸ԷĽС
ԶԱߵۣ磬ڰ
ڽСӱǵļˣǵáǵǰ۸۸ǡ
֮꣬ĸӱӱӵܺ͸๦ͨӱ֮ʱִƼĵԣָһԡⶫۣܹʱǰ
˿̣۱㽫ǾʶԼʶͨǾķӦΪѸ١
ӱֻ㲦УıǾܵķӦƺԽսĽУսԽԽľ½Ľɣڽϵ򾹲Լ
֣Բ·硣
Ǿս»ҵŮˣ´Щ
սԼסӱ
۴һ߹˶
ӱǾȻǳЦ
Ǿ߽ӱůû°ɣ
ӱҡҡͷղźӦٶȱһ졣
Ǿ֣ȴζؿԼҾֱȭ֪λɽǡ
ӱЦŽܵǶλҼˣ÷һ𳤴ʦ֡ʦ㡣
ʦ֡ʦ㣬Զ˵ơ
ԭǽӡ޳ɣͻȻְθһء
Ǿȭʦ֡ʦ㡣
ӱǧʦ֣ͨͨؼеղܴս񣬱֮ͨʶ
ԭˣ
ؼ䣬д˵
Сӱҵ͸¶ɨЦô˵ʦúܿҪһ
ӱ·ϣһమҲ
һҪһ͸Ǿһᡣ
սδ뿪˼⣬Ҳǽɣμӹħսַ񣬱۷ΪսͨؽɣôͨؽԼ١
벻ף
ӱѾľһ
ս˹ȭǾɣصĴмϾǰ»񻯷ɴйʹĽЩġ
ѩڻĴȷʵഫУҽƷޡޡޡ޵ĹһӦȫ
ǣĽ޹ͷûǾʹĴ󲿷֡
ӱɫ࣬սÿ˶Լܡ㣬ʹ޷ɱ⡣
ս׷ʵӺѧþ
ӱûִˣҪ
Ҹĸھ֮¡
ӱԭ˵ȻԷ˵ʵҲûҪһؾáƬֿ̣ᣬţǴؾĪ֪ǰһ̽
˵ؾǳɽ˽纣Ǵʱѷ졣￴һֻ˵롣
ϡ˵սĸĸħս󲻾ãƺǱ
սԭ壬ֶǹء
Īãӱȥĵطһ飬˵ġĪ˺Ǵ֮أ
ӱصһͷʱǺףǵõ˺Щš
ĪЦҵ˼ϹŴĹţѡšһ䣬͵صǽʱϵһֻ룬˵ҵˣǱɱҼǵһ
ӱһᣬһ׮Զ£ȡһһöƯķᣬʱڳе˶һ
սһѶᣬ΢һʱĳֻģ
Īͷģ˵һ仰ˡ
͵ǿĻ̾һأз粨ˡ
սĪȥ
ĪӱɽĽӡУûǵĽܽȥ
ӱԲԶɶԸ³һˡ
ʱĳϱѹսһ
ĳԵɣҴսȥ׳ǡ
սĪ·
Ī¾ᣬȥһȥˣԼ޻ᡣ
ȻЩڤڤ֮ע
սȭһҾɡ
Ǿܾá
Ī΢̾һ»ȥȥͻء
Ǿ˿´ϲ޲ýԼоߡ
ȻӱѣȫȻûаŮ֮顣
-

673 -ϲ

Ǿůӱ½ΣҪأ֮ظ»ǣһһɳǡ
һ۾ƳǾС˼һǿһУ뽫ӱ߰
ֻǣȴߣշδΪأñչһӡ
ۡǻϲذＸʥذĴڣλʥ֮£Сӱǽɵ鲻Ҫȥ˼
ӱû𻰡
鱧ȭǽɣµñչͻغ÷ɽׯ
÷ɽׯӱţô֣һͥԺռĶСôȡ֡
˴ţ˰֣̤÷ɽׯķȥ˵ʶһλѣ磬ܵһҪԼƴⲻûҪѶꡣ
Ľ۵ĶӱѩɽȫȨϼ˽ȥ˼һֱά񣬵ΪᱻԪӤڴɣΪľϽ֮½
꣬½ꡣ
Ĵ½Ϸ֮أˮѽȥ¶ɺ½ΨԶٵһȻ֮ءǰǵ˼½ǵ֮ĺˣ˼½һֱ񻰹£ʲô鹲飬ʲôŮ죬ֺ«ȵȴ˵
ÿʮ꣬ͻɽŵӴ۵˼½ѡͯ
˼½ķܣׯ򡢳ǳԽԽ࣬ϮĻĴͳڡ硢ϦԪȣֻЩյļʷתЩ΢ĸı䡣
ڣӭ廳棻磬֮ʱǳȥ飻Ϧ˽ڣԲѽڣϽڣԪƻ֮ʱ
һ궫ȥϷǴ½
֪ѽħʱħħһ
ĲΪһ壬ţȫͬѾ˲ͬĽ
ϷǴ½࣬շ˼á
۵ӡŮҪˣ
Ǿعζۡʧˡ
ӱǰǽӡ飬ЦȥɽΣ
˵ʥƹܵĴ磬ɽ֮ǧС硭
ӱѹɤţɽС
˻صѰũܣɽÿһͻһεؾΪ˲ޡѰҩ֮ء
ټӱȵβ޳ˡ
ӱ΢üͷôûأˣ
һ仰˵βѡ
ӱ̾һշڱѩɽǡ
Ǿȥɽ硣
ԭħĶںܾþ͵һӣȡȻǸɡ
һڱһֱסϵ·Уδѡʥ磬ϾʱǧС
ط꣬ϲɫѱ
֮Ķӱἰ½緢֮£˵֪ιʣӡֳµֵ֧µС磬Ϊ̫δɵۡ
ӱһԽۡϸϸ˵ˡ
òŵô˵ɽ䣬ҪΪˣ
ӱ˵ͷ
ڼСסӱǾɽǧС磬˷޹ޡ޵ȣ̻˷˰ա
*
ѩɽ÷ɽׯ
Ī塣
ЦĪˣ
УսȻ
ɽһУȻĪͶԵѡ
սϲſӣĪһ֡
ȻʱսܼǹһЦˣݸһЦ鳡ʧ⣬̵⡣ƫˡ鳤һһʼˣҵĿ𣿡
˿ʵǴѵõʶʱ
ս֪䣬ȴߵһԸꡣ
ĬƬ̣»ˣ˵֮Եһػֻأ׳һƷֻ껯
Īݵǲȫǰ׳ǰʵǶ񣬺׳붫ת֮ʱǷˣһʳꡣ
׳ս꣬Ҳսڷٹ֮ˣҪѰ꾳ľꡢǵˣʱ꾳֮оһС͵סϷˣ
˼ѹְ׳ǿԭʳꡣһ£Լ֪࣬ӱ֪Σ»֮޿ܡ»һ޵ľãıڷ֣˹ģѾΪš
սĬ
»Ƿӱʱս񻯷ʱãڶαս뷲ΪֳΪսŮûŮƣãƺˣٻͷ
ǰ⣬ɷⱳ˺֮Ҳûа档
顢壬ҲҪֵֵ
һ֣˲ֵģ顣
-

674 -

ֵʱ֪࣬ȴʹ࣬Ĺӱ˽ӣǾѡˡԽͣԽС㣬Ϊαȡ
ѩ»뽣ǾѾ뿪ˣδ飬Ǿ˽磬ǾȴԼ˽̹ԼһƬġ
ԣսڶ»·ϴһʼˣҶ»˽⣬òᣬܶԶ֮
һ
һذ֮֡
ЩദĪսѣŻʷεصⷬ
ֶĪйᣬݼţû˾ûˡȡˣıƣ֪ȴû㣬ʵҲǶ̽ȡİ֮ʱͲлᡣ
ĪЦʧܵԭͶһ
صص˵ͷٸᣬҲٵ»ˣһ£ͻ¸ҵԡ˵ʵȻǾӴ࣬ҸΪ»ѡȷġ
սţ˿϶
»ӱ֮ɽֻһһ¾ʿȻӡеļ䣬Ϊˣ¥ҲԶԼҪʲôһʲôˣܿ͸¡
ܱԼܵ˺ɵΪ̫飬Ϊ̫࣬Ϊ˲ܵܳԸԼ¥̸ãֻղ
ʱҵ׳ռҵֻܶһ߾Ĺעҿ̫Ĳʹࡣ
ΪŮӣҲǺ쳾֮һɾӲ˽ͣҲִֻԼ
׳һҪΪ檣ȴľܾ
ҪȢΪޣܾͬ
˵Ϊʲô
ĪӱԽ࣬ԽԷ¡
ԶһŮ»ʵ˵Ҳ򵥣һһһ˫ˡ
ģǱˣһɹϼӡ
ȻһЦѩɽɹ԰Ĺֳһɶժλ
ϼӽɹϣ˵»̸ŮĻ⡣ֻһˣڰ顢˵ԹҪŮӴһգǻ檣Ĵ㡢մǲݣʵΡ
ǵӱ˵Щʱӣࡣ
֪ӱ˵Ļ
֪Ͳƣ벻깲ΪΪҲûкҵİ飬ȴϸˮΪ˴ůĵ
ϼƽս񣬡»³Ҫʥжʢ磡
龪һʲô
΢΢һЦҺ³յġ»˵ʢʥУǽɷ֮ǾͻʢĻ񣡡
ĪʧǣҪ˶ˡ
ô졣
գս뿪µһʹʧһ
δüԼᣬЩĲü䣬Ҫ
ϼӼ˵»ڼʮǰ򵽷һΪǽɲѹΪΪøеԺ»з٣ǽн٣ȴ˵ҪͬҪͬʮ޵ˣԸΪֵޡ
ͷЦһԳŮ
ϼЦðȻ񾲣ҵ»ܺãһӳ֪࣬ξѩ
΢΢Ȼȥ
ϼıӰижһ֪ʮˣǾ»ȴδѰ۾һתԱߵĪûо꣬λϼԽƵˣ
սһĶϵӱ
ûˣ
ûˡ
ġ
ôãôãôܿ޸ˡ
ĪְɣʵϼҲҵͦʡ̾ҲҲѧһרһˣֹҡͷһҶˡˣ͸ðŮ˲ĵףȢˣȥ׷ĬĬף͹עҲһ顭
Цúܴȴĳһֱ
Ŀ⣬ͻתս񣬡ֹǣѣȰôΪҶ»˽⣬ҲȫοؼһֻϹ⣬ʥΪС
ʥͥзɲᡣ
ǰ֪ģΪʥ֮ͥʵʥͥĵλһҪֻǷͬĵ̡
ؽʽ֮ȴͥ
սһҲģͻתȥ
̾һΣԸķ䣬οһʼʹˡ
-

675 -Ե

ս
룬󣺡Ϊѩͻ飡
۶ؿս񣬡ѩҪʥ뽣Ǿˡ
Լοʥ¶֪ʢ£ʥ壬ѩճɻ飬Ϊڡ
Ҫ޵Ǵ˼Ľɣֹ
ۣǷҵģҸĸΪΪĺƽȷۡ
۾þδ΢⣬̧һ㣬һâ룬Ӱ䣬ԺӿһЩֵļ䣺
ǰ֮еһʯɫʥ綼Ϊ֮أֻСһ쳤ʱһѩ˵Сÿɰĵϲ
ٻȴ˼½һǾĽޣһʱΪ˾䣬ǰ߽һܣҡʵʥĹ¡һҪǵҡ
¹˼ɲǾȺ
ڣȵǾ
Ȼ׼ʱȴΪԼֶԪѣͻԪѡ
ɰȴŲлԼǾ˽½硣
ԪѵϢȥֹһŭ֮նɱǾ
˶ΪǾһ͸ýˣ밽¹ȴۼǾĻǣֻء
Ԫ밽´죬Ա꣬档
ԪѺڲѣһʱħձȻӣΪԪ񣬸һĻᡣ
ϣһƬš
òŵѩ»ǰ£ǾǰֿѣǷǵģҲǷǵġΪΪ岻£Ϊʥ֪»ǰǵá
Ե衣
˭裬˭񣬸ܵǴ
սΪʲôһΣǡ
ʯϣѾԿǵ֡
ԣ֮䲻ֹ
ã»ջ޵˻Ǿ
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