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½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

԰ӣ๫̫ˡ
ߣС


001 ʹ

䣬ѪҺʧѸٱý飬ָⶼѾʧȥ˸оƴĿ־糱ˮ
Ҫȴֻͽֱͣ۲Žϰһ㣬ѪȾĲ״ʱ̱˻ȥ
ˣ̥ʮ£пж˵λСӣè
ţ˵Щ٣ɻŽһֵӤϲɫر˳ȥʱҲδѪ֮һж˳˳
Ϊֻ˿һҩ˯Ƭ̣Ԫתͷ͹˵һֻèҹĽŭҪ
ܣƭңҵĺأҺӣ
ɣԪ㷢̶ЦЦôſ⣡
룬ϾҪˣ㻹ĸƾӹõɾĳ谮𣿺ǺǺǣˣ
ɾżµֻèѾʧ͸ˣû㣡㣬ôҲȫʬĪҪˣʮ˲֮úúøлң
ԪƺоĴ̼شս࣬Сֻ˲ࡣ
ʵ˵ɣĲǸװֵСӣҲҹʵĴӣҲֻΪҵĶӣŻҹڵĵӣñһ˳˳ˮܱǺҲһٳ룬𲻸ģԹԵȥɡ
γѣֻϧǰôûзıԼص˾Ȼжˣ
ԪΪ˹ԼĵλӲǽԼҹĽ檣˿ѾΪ˸ԸļҺͺ
ԪþֶٰΣɫȥ*ǸλȨصˡ
ȻûϢزգǸӢסɾҩذ
ĸԸ˵Ϊ˸лԪ㽫ôõԪᣬһ̺ǸˣղԼ˺ӣðԪҲԸУ
֪Ԫʵ˺ӣԼǰΪҪĶƤӣѹְԪҲǽͬʱӣȴûһվĴǰ
ǰԪ㰲˽޹ëèһֻӤڲƭҹĽ˵µֻè
ԪԵ޵µӣλɳȹˣȴΪ¹ʱ˲ˣҹĽҹүӵŭҹˣȻҪȥ
䱯ΪΪŮֻܼ޸һƶϴӣͿ࣬󸻹󣬳֣ȴ䵽˽ȥ
ԪôˣׯͻݣﾹȻǸն񶾵Ůˣ
޵ҧһζֻ޲˺ļƽƶİԪ㡣
ϧûлᣬԪһ£ñסͷֽŶѾʧѪԣֱޱߵĺڰ
ˣ֮Ǳһεţһ·ԶƫƧСɽеǸƮȥƮһưܵéݡ
㱿һȫĺӺޣĪҪȥ̽δҵ
ȻһŴʹ˫ۿȥȴһССӰƮߡ
ףɻˣ㣡
ںҰݷ賤Ȼ¡ΪʲôΪʲôػһأһҪߵһ
Ȼû뵽ǣ첻ػĻᣬһֹһأ
Ȼ괩ǧԺ󣬳һҽңμǰİûڣĸĹ£˶ʮʼڿҿҡ
ĸæѧҵ֮͸үүѧϰҩ֪ʶѧֹŪһƬҩԣֱ쿴һһģһСк·һʧصĿ˹붼ûȥǺƿԼȴշһ̯࡭
ʱԾɸоȫޱȣȻſ˫ۣڰпϷһŰ
ӣΪҹɻ⣿
ȻǵϤɤǹƵ̧˺ʪıһѹͷĴͷһ㱡
Īɣ๫ˣȥҹĽ֮ǰнһʱ䣬˰ԪĲƷ֮ĳЩºԣ
ʱԼֱڵòŲһеӦ˰ԪٻȻƲ첡ĪȾǸĺĪ裬ȥ˺򸮡
Īɵ͵͵ЦһɵӣΪ򻹻˭֮ΪȻԵȾָ㣡
͵һᣬû뵽ΣȻ»صɷ˵ߡ
๫ѵ󣬾ȻָһĻ᣿


002 ๫Ī

ĪްΪŪˣ
ǡָӣͷͻļ
๫ۻӣ㱾ǲϢա
Ī΢΢һӿˣ
뺦ߵش½ë˵ͷĪȾϽŷ˸ڻУ޳
ѯʣ๫ɺã
ƺ۵òᣬݹ᾵ĸ첲΢΢һ䡣
ΪòײŽ˯ֻҪӲǲҹѣӺ˯ɣΪŶء
¸ΣǰȻô֪㣬һ˳ŹţΪǶڻˣȻƶµò㣬һҪͰ׼ҵŮһ㸻֣ϧȥҹլѰ·
ףô̰֮ȫΪԪĲƷҩŻÿպȹ֮¶
ڶһ˴Ԫ͸ĲƷȫ˹Ͱȥ˷ӣ
ҲǰǰججˣҪԼ˫¸˹ӣһǵĶˡ
аԪ㣬ⱲԲǸŮ˵ĵǵˣҪѰúΪԼѩޣ
ȥ˿ĶӣСк˯ڼ֧СľϣȫΪĵֻԼˮ֮ŻὫôﲻܲˣ
СľӲֻЩɲݺһѣŵСģݵüһ˿⡣
뵽ǧ֮Ǹĺӣװۣˮģȫ˳谮硣
ԼСʱҲһܸĸ۰үү̣⹫ţһϤĽ̵챦̵ؽĶǻ
ĶӾȻ趼ܵҪ
ҶڻˣһҪúֲ⺢ӣ
ʵ̫ˣȥһֱóΪԼ׼ңŮҲôǸС㣬Īɲһ䲻
۸ˣԼòˣ˼ҳ飬ʲôƶһ˸ɣûûҹæźĪ۳ȥμԺԵĻᡣ
ĪСಡǼгӣøĸ۰ʮǰûʲôĻʮܹǮȥɣУʮͳͯȫҶԺԣָиպкǰ̡
˭ͻȻ׼Уһ˻ϲϲȢ˷ϱžҪּң
ĪֻбĶĪ֮»һãֻܸǷȥأһСԺ
ĪɴδֹأΪҲò±ʸӿͷһ۵ÿѪֵʳȴԣҲޱգӱԽԽ
ֱ׷ʱĪѾեݿ£ϳӪոڵСӲʮһ첡ضҲˣֻܿѵˣԼĽӼöա
ǻһ仰˵ȥýЩôӴһȥûʱŷɵӶˡ
뵽Щֻҡͷ̾ϢǧԺĶʮֱۣ޷ֱӹȥ˽ͷԼ򵥣̰ͼԼ
Ѿ󳹴˾Ⱳӱ֤ҪȡѵַˣúõĹӡ
ȸϸ˼ѣֳɫȥӱѰҰˣû취ʱֵգʳѾˣҲӲãʲôܳԣƽҲĪɳȥЩҰ˻ڡ
ûţĺýĲƷÿţ˽һڶϣֱ봷Լ
һߺһԼһӣԪȥҹĽ檻µĹ⾰úúĥĥô׬ЩǮӹã
ӱˮïʢڶʮһѧ˺öҩ֪ʶժһӵҰˣɵ˺ЩˮޤһζҩݣԻʪР磬ʹֻǲ֪ҩ᲻գ
˺ôһȥõȥܲǮ
Զˮⲻ˽ʣһϴһ׬ǮЩʲôȥ
ЩջȥɲᣬȫڶʮһʱȥϽѧģ֮ǰǱʶѧЩǸоʱʲôá
ȰҰ˺ҩؼȥûſڣͼ˼ҴҵӭŲĳϣΪ̫ݸߣյĿźò
ӣȥժҰˣҲ˯һȴֻΪɣŪָ
˵ϸֲ԰ףǼôί
޷ֻժЩҰ˶ѡ๫ҳĥĥ³ԹҪȥһЩ
Īֲؿ룬ۿһ˫īڵɻ֮ɫ
ҪպܹԣĪҪ˰ա


003 ׶಻

һʹȴǸһ˿Цݡ
ĪҪôģҲպ󶼲ˣֻЩЩ£ջ򻹿ȥЩ
Īɵ۵ֳŵľϲ
ӿ˵ģӻЩô£
Ƚһ󱧵ˮޤԺУŻĪɷŵӣһժҰһЦŻش
Ϊ޻¶أ͵ưɣ
ĪɻǾͻȻת䣬Űժˣﻹ֨
ӡ㡢ΪûãͻȻҪණ
졣
ǲϣҰļ׬ЩǮֻϣղ㣬£һ˸ɵŶ
ĪƿԵΪ򡭡Ȼ룡ǡΪҲϲղšȣ
һ̧ɼŶ....ϽһƤӾȻһƬ
Ҳ....ܳϽȥҼѴĪ͵һסӡ
ŵؿڡ
ĪҪƣΪոϴˣûãⲻѰۣ
ҲŵźСԴһ˫ڰ׷Ĵۿ롣
ףĪҪ봩ѣûѴ
ﵱѹȥ׶಻ˣɷӣһħ֮¶գ
ԣײ㣬๫Ķȥϡ
ĪɸϽ
ΪۣĪҪźá
ӷᣬһ˳жȻʵرȳӣΪһæµϻҪް޵Ϊ......ѹһжĥ⸱õģ
Ǻãѣ緹
Ҳûȥ߻ּժҰ
ĪҪ£ײ㣬ĵطţԺɹһɹ̫ﲻЦ....
СޣƨҲҪ治֪ԼһôģͿ⺢ô˳ۣ
ԹûѴΪģ
ԽԽǺǸְĽ٣ֺóԼ
ɿժҰˣϱ㱧һɹԺеĲͣ̲ˣִ߸һСץϴˣµٰ̺õҰһȥࡣ
һջһ̾ϢĿ⿴Ծź͵͵ĺӡ
СûٵĳͰһﲻ˳úǴ⺢Ӽ׽Ҳ׿Цر𿪻ʱ򣬷ߵ
ĪɲѣϽϣС
ĪҪ̾ΪȥϣЩ鵱ˣٻЩ
͵̧ƤǿװµĪɡ
ˣһΪûʳԣĪɺþãʹòԼİͱīȫˣ
ʲô飬ĪҪˣа취һڳԱźˣЩʱûʲô¾ͼպҹһ顣
һʵûԶĪȾǿĺϣȥμԺԣû׼ܿţһֱúöǰ;䵽Ӷ
ĻڶĪɸɵź˰³
Ӹ⣿治ΪЩ鵱𣿡
һۣ˶ʱһ죬εģøӴ˼֡
˺䶯˼£Ц䴽ǡ
ɵϴȥϾͺˣ԰շһȥҪȱֻӣŵϪˮ׽ԣʱٰѱõһʱˡ
ǰ˵Ҫ׽ԣ۾ʱĹâ
ף׽𣿡
СһéƵҷ
棬ײƭ㣡
ͷСĺЦ¶˿Сģðеĸ˲䷺ģ۾Ҳ⡣
ĪɳһϽȥᡣ
Īޣίˡ
ץסֻݹ᾵Ĵ֡
ɵӣ˵ʲôأίȥҲ£ίΪͨˣȻúúүӣǲܿɽգҪ취׬ӡ
Ī⻰ֱҪжˣһѾͽС§˻
ӣӾίˣΪûãܸӹҪ࡭
ı˹ͷӲϣЦõس˳ݵͻ߹ǡ
ûúһպ๫ֻܺúöǣȡҺĶģ
Īһ亹
ǿɲУֲֲ粻ܿʮָմˮΪ֮ʲôΪΪûˣ
ѾŰġ֮ãԴʮȢŶϰ˷ȴ
ڰ꺢֮Ϊˣнʱû˯һʹ
Ե˲Ʒ֮ղĥ.....У
ϱ...Ӵ˸߰룬ĸгһͻȻ䣬ȻϽȥˣ


004 Ϊ۵ý

ֻܳ
ôţҵĻҲ𣿡
Īɵʱͱסˣ
˵ΪǧĪҪ
οҵĽ޲ǰ׼ҵСأǵмֳֶ࣬˼飬׼ῴȢôõϱ
Ҫ飬鶼ˣɣ
Ͼǰ׼ҵС㣬ѾΪ޸Լ棬ʵ̫òö궼δعˡ
ʵϰʮ޸ĪɣȫĴĸһְţڼлᱻҹĽޣǹ˵ĻǣǱҹĽˣȻ߶԰Ԫλýĳ谮
ǰĴĸĸݣĲᣬӲǰĪɣ˵ĪǶˣдϢһŲĻ£
޹֮ȷʵоĪȾĳܺ⣬һƼĪʱһϲᣬֿĸߴ޳ȷʵͦģ뻹ʵЩԵ⣡
ǶһǼҾʹƲ˳ˣԹ
˵ĪҲйССӣϹźĪһȺ岮壬Żܴһ
Ȼ뵽ЩɽҰܻҪɫƳڣ껹ҪЩ¹ͷֱ޷ܣ
Ҫּң֮ԹԵģóһ·ڵɽˮϧ׷Լȥӣǻ³
̾˿ԼҴСݵˣֻϽιظ
ԷɡѾúܳˣСӹĽУȻͶòᡣ
ľȡѾ˺üڵĴִɴʢŵľϡ
ȻһһСĸҲûÿӣＫˣһʱա治ף
ֻȶһڣүŸҶꡣ
һȥԹִ˵ֻɤ۶ʣüͷǿǿҰֻ࣬һ뷨øϽ׬Ǯ̫ѹˣ
԰緹ţĪɲһȥڵظţֻԼڼſڣСرԵضԺԸϸЩɹˮޤ
ӱߵֱֳȰִĺõ̫࣬ϲظӲ֣û취ٸȥĪ˸ò
ЩҲġֻˣֿԱڱϵı¨ӵģȥҩݻҰĢ㡣
ʪŪؼʵˣĪһӰҺòתԵСٸۻˣ·ϺͰȻһòҶҪȵͷ˵оǴ˳һۣ
ò˵ͻȻתҲҪмģֻܼȥ
صңԶԶӭ˳ףЩܱ𣿡
Сһﻹڵų㣬ôֻйʱ游ĸԹһ㣬ζμģ
ӣһĨһ߸˸ӵСԴ׿϶ܱģĪʱǾȥȡˡ
źĴͷţҪɹݣһֱڷ
뿴˿ЩҩݣЩЦãΪ̫ڿˣҩݵҶӶõˣҲһʵǿ⺢ӡ
ԣ»زʱϲĸٷһ¾ͺãԱ棬Ҫǿ죬ĪҪ꽽˱ǣ𣿡
С°㣺ţˡ
ĪѾˮͶ˲ݸ룺ӿɣôЩİۻΪ۵ý
Ļſھػһصİ뷴ЩʣһȣϽӹŲĶڡ
Īƺ¶ڰ߻λᰭۣǳ庢ȥһ棬Ī׵ҡ
СӹһԼԵĶûˣûҺʵʵתԺſȥˡ
̾Ϣ²ȥһۣʣһ࣬¸ӳ伢ģһ໹úõİ֪ûҳԣҲţﲻһ
Ӷ˰ɣȰˡ
ĪɸϽסϵ룺Ե٣С޷ΣԸȵӰɡ
뵲֡ãҲ౾Ҹġ
ôɣҪþãѾûˣӻģΪ뵱Щ׻ûҲ򲻳ˣĪȳҰԡ
ûôúӶԼԣֱΪ
ҵͻȻ˻ֱסĪɵȡ
Ժ⴫һŮĪܣ׸⣬벻ԣԾͿЩ
ۿ̧ͷö
ȴ˻һյζüȥĲˣǼھӹѸҶϡ


005 Ѹ

˵ҶϣȴҲǸ֮ˣɽǸٻСӣҶϵǸ屣ǿ׳ΪرԵ
Ҷ˳ʮ˴һ֦屣ȥףҶϵĸĸǴӦˬ죬ҶϲԸ⣬屣ͳȥӱϴѣӲ˻
˵Ǹĸ֮ý֮ԣء
˭֪ҶϵĸĸֵܾʹһȺǴ屣ҪƸ񣬻ʨӴ󿪿һ¾Ҫʮ
屣ЩǮʱ͸Ҷʮֱǲɣ˫Ͷ屣ƽڴԵãûݣһɢƵ¾һˣҶһȺ̧ײǽײǽѪ
ٸʱҶչƸֻŮǰȥۣ屣ö䣬û뵽ײ˲ɣһͷײǽԼײˣ
屣ҾһˣҲû˸ԩ״ô֮Ҷش壬ɸĸֵӲ˵ӣҪȥҪڿɽΪǴ屣عѡ
ʵ˶ҶϵļͼľǴ屣ļҲ屣ԵɼҵʵСĸͷֻһҲѾˣкüĶһԺ䲻ĴȫģܸɣҾʵ
ҶԼ˿ڶ࣬¶⼸Ķÿ԰ŮΪǰգʳ̩ͽǼ֣ҶϾĸֵΪ˶ռ˵Ʒ
˿Ҷϼܽȥٳٲݣջ׸պӵֳ֣ԺкĪֵڼҰɣҸЩʳ㿴⺢ӣŵܽȥˣ
Īֻӭȥؾس񣺡ɩӣĺ˼ܽǼҵĶЩûȥɡ
屣ԣҶϵȫҶϡ
ŮԺֵЦĪɣȻʮ˴һ֦ǹðóӶ̾磡
ĪֵܲÿҿЩһĳԵ꣬ȺЩȥ԰ɡ
һ̧ۣ͵ؿ㶣Ͻкӣ׸һҾ͵Ӱɡ
Ҳǰ񣺡ɩӷˣĪɣͳʳպлһ㡣
ȥδҶϣڣͻȻһַУʵǷҶ׸ⶺһĻ˿ܲ
ҶϽ׸ǿĪͷЦЦֿ롣
˵ʲô𲻱ھӵģһҲӦã˵ĪֵƽҲûٰҵæǣǿȥɣ׸ųԲźá
뿴תõˣ̧ͷǺηӦĪҲûҶϣֽ׸ݸ
ãӾͳɣҰ˸ȥ
ס׸Ҳɩӿģǳ԰ɡ
ĪһƬӣӡ
ûȴڷֹʲôʱѸæЩʲôȫȻã
ʵҲȷˣ˵޵ɽ꣬ȴֲ˽˺¡
ǵҶϵֵ̫ǡסǼھӣҲ֪Щ
ȥΪ׼ҵС㣬ƲЩʳׯ˼ңԼһ߸ϵλãмЩ
ĸΪ˰ԶһЩѡ˸ŤС˳ۣ˼֮Ӳݣ䣬ɹս͵кóԵȳԣкúȵȺȣŲܶôģ˳ûУ
ԷҶһŻ΢㵣Ϊƽݼˡ
ͻȻ֣ȥ㲻ƺ˲ٺϷ
׸վһûԣĪҲûԣһ˵õôʳԵСԲǸоرãӱҲЩ˸Сʴյߣ
ĥС֣ſױС
ĳķԸרСնһһؽϸƳɼɡ
Ӻⶫã
Ц϶ͣˣǵȻΪ㾪ȵĵطأҿɲֹЩ
ĪϼֺģΪֻϣĪҪţϲľϲˣΪ򶨻úÿ춼ܳԱ
⻰˵úȴָȴĳиһ˵ʵҲ֤ûһչ˺ãϾֻаĶôŪҲ򲻳㹻ʳԡ
㻹Ǻúöɣ괺ϾҪƿˣץЩʱ䣬пҲɣʡݽѧõǮҲǺõģﲻˣȥŪôأ˵ڻ£ұ֤ÿնϱ׸⻹õĶ
ĪͷĪţ϶ͣˡ
ӵıΪŵģǧĪҪǰ࣬ۻΪҪ
һۣû˼ҵ׸⣬ôôѽ
ĪɣӹȻǺã


006 ڿ

ĳСظСӴ֣ʱ̵ܱ
Һã벢δȫ̶ںرϵĶ
Ǹñ˵һѧɻǱ˺þòűãЩ󣬵ڻʵ
ȥһ԰ɣŪЩϷŽȥ
Īӣ۶ǲš
ӵɣⶫȫ嶼ûһ˻࣡ǶҪôźã
ҲЩΪѣһľ飬˶ЩͷǱϻȵĶźȺǼüͽıڣôûԹȣĹͷն
ɣҰѳͷںӱڣû򾣿
ĪγѣԶԶԣӹȻǣ
˿ƲøĪɣڵҪⲼߣȻķ©ȥ
˵ͷΪˡ
̾׽һͺ˵ˣֻҪͷҲǿԵġ
˳ʱɫѾ磬תȥ׸Ѿףһ׵ˣڽ䴦ҵϸֻεϴϸƤгɿ¹ּЩҰ˺νȥζԸһ͡
Ըȡ㣬׵ĻٱЩȥվǼˣȡܶ׼ЩǮ
÷Īûȫͣƾɵĳ°ҲʪһƬ϶Ǻӱߵࡣ
ӣΪ˺þòڵʮ򾣬ҺϸСܷ㡣
ݵģΣǸɻϰ
ȥҨˮЬˣϴֳԷɣ²ֻҪУ²Ҳܲõ
ǮϼǣͲӣ
Ьӣվڵϣϴɾֺ۵汻ĥƵƤ׻
ˣĥˣӵöۣ
뿴ü壬۲ѵı飬һЦ˳
޷δƤǲĥĥȳϼӾͺˡ
Īɫ䣬ȫǾ֣Ҫĥôӣ˰ˣĪҪٱʲӵĶˣİ취׬Ǯȥ顭
ұ죡ŭֹˣٸ˵һȥ飬Ҿ룡
Ī˸ѼһŴһҲҳˡ
ԷȥһҪء
С˦֣ŭҿǣʢڵϡ
ɻɽҩ
ĪɸιؾľԱߣһ²ʵʵػ
˵ֵĲŸճ磬ԣΪջؼҵӦѵһЩ
Ȼ²Ÿչ˴ղãɽҩճ
̶˫͵ᴺոչҲɽ෢ļ𣿿ɽ屳ɽкö֣
Īɣɽɣ
ĪɱʵһȻ뵽ɽǿӿɬˣٶҲû˳Եġ
뵹ǲ֪ɽǴƬȫǿ񣬵һҽңүүһҩʱûڵ񣬵֪ȥĿɬ
Ǹ޷ֻҪӾУа취óԡ
ҹֻ¨һĪһɽˡ
ߵһƬֱ߾Ϳ˸ոðͷ⣬ϲǰڣǿûҲΪ˶֪ʳûڣñɽǣһʱڵô뱳¨
̫ҹٸѹѪʹ֣֪಻ʳԵ˰Ǵ뱳¨ȱȥɽϼڣҪ»
ĪĲģһͷò绨СޣԽǿǴԽǸоΣƺﲻ
ӣɽϲȫ㻹ͬΪһȥɣ
˻£˵ɽߣʲôҰ޳ûġ
СϱɽҰ˲Ģ귽ʮСӻȥǼ͹ĢֹһȰһȥɣʱɽϲȫΪ˵ȥСӼ˻˵ɽΣյҰ޾ߣûԵʲôԻֻҰζܺԶɽųɣ
ԣ治£ߣã׽ȥǮ
ЩͻȥɣкܵĹһ¨ˣ˵ܶ·ҽۣ
⻰ʹĪһ˵С޵ĽۣٿһССنˣת첽ɽȥ÷ëȵٶȿȥء
뵹ǹСţ˵Ů˴󶼹ţҲȷʵĽĸͲ
ʱӲԼ͵͵ſҲֻ˺ͽһСĳ롣
ĽֺûֻΣΪˣĪɺҹĽر˫СţʮֻɰĽֺ
ĪûһڿڵȻ˾л֦Ҷ졣
뾯սǶСߣѲҰ޳û
ȻûһȻļ벻ɴϲ
Ѳ񼦣Ҫ׽ûö


007 ѹĲݵ

붼Σ
ϸеķСذǿ˹ȥ
Ǽû꣬Ҳߣ̫·ӿŲ׷ǼһСľŪ˹Ķʧˣ
˰ΣԾûĵϹղżʧķ˼
رһᵹӰòſ£ﲻһžǰһ֦죡
û϶׷˹ȥܳʮԶûżӰӣȴƺһСƬյأϵĲݲ֪ʲôѹöᣬ̣󵽲˼飬һֻó
ͻȻЩ£գòᵱʲôҰްɣ
ϸһƬݵأȻڲݴƼһزǳɫģƺͦŮӵ
͵һӰԲ෽˳ŵʧɫ־һ
һ˲ҽг
ͷƤ飬סֱѪһ庺Ǵ庺...Ҳɿģʵ...
㡢˭ͻȻңһΪʲôҰޣǹҪģ
һͨͣ˵ˡ
ȴűϵˣɫƽ
ҵ˭ô󵨣ԭĪɼҵİӰ˵㷽Ƽô
Щ£ʣƼʲô
ǺӴüһ壺ûƼ
⻰ʵð뷴ɨһ۲ݴǽŮ
Ǵ庺˳ĿһɨϺԳ˳飬ЦұΪ㣬ҵĺ£ңǺã
ٴ...ȻһƬ
ǰѹĲݵأںĸŮ...
ǵùûϣȻײ˼˽ͨһ࣬òĿڰɣ
ïܣֲŸ߲ãһʱҲزζʵ
̧棺һῳ㣡
˿ĶȻ˶ٽŲ̶ֲĵػЦ
ңһңĻͷԣСӣ㲻᲻֪˭ɣҵңұ֤һӶڴ첻ȥԹԹøúϡϡ
Ȼ򣬾˵ʲô˹컯֮˵죬ԭȴĶӣ
ⲻٻСɾĹˣҲѹĶôţ
ۼ˶˲֮ģؼʱֻðŵıͶԷӲ
ҲŲ˭ĶӣҲǺǵģҰӣӦúǰװ̫үֶŮɣҵǰװǸ۸ңҵʹ󲮻ҵȫҶú
ԵҲѾãĶӵ汻һ㶣Щ֪Ǻʱ⴫һŮ
˭
ɵŮ˵ķ˹ȥܴûкϾǹŴһŮ˵̫ҪˣǱ˷͸...ĺһ˻˲֮ģһûô
Ҷеû׷־ͿҶϡ
ɩӣҺ㣡
ҶȴɻؿͷȥˣҷźҲ𣿡
죬û뵽ҶϵĶ侹Ȼô⣬˭ó
ɩӣ˰ɣûˣֻме죬Ϊ񼦣Ҽûмͷ·ˣҺ
˵ע⵽Ҷϵţͷһ
Ҷûϵֻǽϸ˸ᣬԵʮֿɡҪ֪ɽǹ֣ԲС
ӣͷֻװ˼ݣҲɽҰ˵ӡ
˶ʱˣźһҶϣ
˼תɽҰ룬һŮײƱ..ΣյģҪȷѿƶ..㲻ɱڣ
Ͼ...ŮҪ̶ܲͬ𷣵ģŮΪأ㲻һӵҲٵҶǾԲðյġ
Ѿ˶ҶҲɼ֮ģǿɾʵ鷳ˣ
벻ɫת⣺ɩҲɽڲˣ㿴࣬Щҷڵģ㲻Щȥ𣿡
ҶϿ˿ϵĿһʱתע
ӣ㻹ðɣǿģܳԡ
ȵؽϵļӼԼı¨
ǰɣǰˣһΪǺóԵĴأˣۻذɣ
˵㽫¨ӱһһҶϾߡ
Ҷϱֱɽ·ȥɵػͷһֿۣлѪ̽һ䡣
Һ㵱ûƼ𣿡
ɣ±ײ...⣬ıƼˣԲ׷Űɽ


008 Σ

ף·Ȼҧ˵ûƼҶ֪ŷ£ȴκŪ˵ģԽηԽ¼ɣ
ֱӹҶϲӣ⿴˿ңս俪ڡ
ɩӣ˵ǧĪҪţ׷׷·ȷײͻȻĽҪңҪˣҺ־͸һǡ㺰ңҲŴ˳
һҵò֮ģŻ͵ҽ֣Ҽ๫ܳռұˣʵӦ˵Ľ֪˶Ҳûͬ㽲
ǧĪҪ˵Źô˵Ķð׼С㣬ôûҵ֪ˣƤ
Լ˵˵رԴҶϹȻɼ
ˣ㳤£ɵüСģĪҪһͷˡ
ΪȻصͷɲǣû뵽ĶӾȻǸͽӣҲҵòޣҲǵУһˣǿЩߣĪٲ
һ߷߷ߵһĹЯҶϼߣԾɹҶϲϣҶ̲סҪۡ
콫ɣĸš
ҡͷɣǵõģںͷɩҲ㽿Σû׼ɫһҲ۸ɲܻôĵ
˵ϣҶֻпԣСƿЩյ֡
ǳúãҲ죬۶ƵСֲɹڣĪ˵˿ҪĽɩҲĽý
Ҳģģ嵭˭Ƶϣ㣬Ҳǰˣ콫ɣ̫Σˡ
ȴǺ޵ҧгݣ˵ÿһЩȴԾɲͣҶǰرʻǷ߷ûꡣ
ɩЩͽжɶ񣿼ģ嵭ҲѱģǿɲܴˣԭѵɽЩӣ˭뾹£ǻ
ǸܴǵҶֱ飬޲ϰӸúʰһ٣ȴֱǰֱǰεʻðﻹð
ҿûô£ĪҪˣСĵ㵶ˣŪΣյġ
첲ҶϼϣῳҶϻܽٳֵʣֱջҪҪ񾭲һһ·֣ڳ׼ҵſ˵Ҫÿ
Ҷֲ߲ĿŵطֻӲͷƤװ˳Ļһû׼ͷٸԼһ
ΪˣǧСĳȴҪƧܿ࣬Īֵѧ峵ֻϧȴǸõׯڰʽ㻹Գڲˣίɩý
ҶͷԵĻͷһۣӰԶһΣһ亹
ץҶ֣ɵһ§סһ̲ɣǸǰ־ͻѵҶϲϣ
Ҷǽһѽǵð׼Ҹס̽һûбּ飬ǱˣǾͲܷŰɽǲǰ׼ҵСҲȽÿ
û룬Լץʣ
ֱɽСƼдͷһɣվҶϺҶ𲻹֮ˡ
߳ûԶĪɼҴӭ˹ԶƼСӰȾͿʼܡ
ӣӿ콫¨£Ϊˣ
ɿҶϣϵѾѹҪϲı¨ж£վԭشĨ
¨˵ֻ˲֮һĿ񣬿ߵùֽŵУһɾŷֺ󱳶ʪˣʵ۵òᣡ
Ҷ˫ֱضĪɣлţĪֵŵ㣬ܲˣ㼱ôѽ
ĪȾδǲ磬һ·ǰסС֡
ˣΪˡ
Цָ̧Ҳ˲๫ҷɩӣ˵񲻺óԣͬһȻˣ˵Ҫ㡣
Ī̧Ҷϼ˸񣺡ɩӣҺ㣬Ȼһ治һɽ񡣡
Ҷ˵ʱһٯٯᾢĲζЦЦ
£Ҳǡ·СߣȻˡ
û£ȴǺ˰뷽һ·ͬһֻΪٰ۸ȴĪɣ
Ҷպ֮వԷ˺ݣܰûƼ£Ȼܽ˺ù


009 ѵ

ĿҶͷƵıӰֲõԤУŮǻģļܲ
ĪȾ㽫Ͽ¨ж£˵ϵı¨ִ̧ǣġ
ˣȵͨ죬ЩؼҺЪЪɡ
һ㺹죬Ϊߵ̫ȷһƬͨ죬ȴҲӽˡ
һֽŽձ¨ֽ¨ӳϼ򣬻һۡ
ؼң˳ȥӱջȻҪˣ
Īɳָ⣬ȫСӰ͸òظͣãǾȥӱߣΪӵģ˵˵
뷽ܵľʱɢ٣С黰˵һ̵ģﲻһ仰޼۱ѵɣ
һֱԼڿغؼҵˣⱲ򸴺һҪúϧˣϧң
ɽϷһȴûͬĪ˵˵ˣ˱󶼲ɽºӣܲΪ..ͽԼӰɣ
СǣŴ֣о΢ĳʪĪһʹ
๫ǶȻϺӵģŲ
ĪȾضӣ˵Ϊţ˭Ҽõӣ
ζС黰ſھɰ˼˵ĶҪˣ
ӣΪϻȥҲҪŬŬǣҼˣ
⻭ͻԴǣǺݳһ£ôƷôζ
ȣʲôǣ㻹ʡʡɣҽ첻롣
ĵһɫСӡ
Ϊ˵֮ǰѾͷúø㰴ĦĦǣŶĪΪ򡭡
ŭصŻȻҧڣĪȾ㣡˵һԣǲʷ
ӭСȭȭһͷĴЦһڰϽġ
ĪΪ̫Ӳۣ
룺
滳ǲҲĳһأðĻô᣿
һ·ӱߣˣĪȾ̧˲ǣСӵ֣ŴߵСһҵӵĵط
뿴±¨ЬӣŲȽӱȥʵʹ̲ס˼ˡ
๫û˩ӣֱӰȥȡʱ𣿡
Ī㶻ͷֳ֮ɫ˴ϻۣΪȫûˣ
ЦðɣӡӣȻûһ˳ϲң
úúѵһλԶȴӣ
һܰ˱Ƶ˻˵һܰ˸һصӺɷ
£λĴ˺ôŰ֦ںӸͷ˰ΣźػСӡ
ӣΪܣֻ࣬δ׽㡭
㱨Ѿ˴𰸣ֱＫˡ
ôǳ̲ϣŷţ㣿һĴŻԼ꣡ùɣš
ĳбѵһ٣ǲؽ̾
ĨʹЬӵĹȡںӱ߸һ͵Ĳݡ
ϸؽݴһֳֽʵӣ˩ãᵽһˮֽ϶λã˦һб·ֱ䵽ײ߿˳ˮţٽһͷϵ˰ߵϡ
ʱĪȾȫ̽֫ݳָס䲼᲻Сֱӷźò֡
Ϊѧˣ´ǧĪٶ֣̫ΣˣǵпɽΪǺã
Цһۡ
£һˮģʱӦܲ㡣
˳Ծ
ӾȻˮ
Ȼػһ䣺ȻˣСʱȣڼţ쳤վãѧˮĵ
ʵǲģǰڵƻΪѧӾ
ĪȾΪطʵǴΪĿ࿴Ϊ˶δѧˮʵֲ
Դ˰ҲǺΣ˭ƺ˻ʫ֮ⲻʲôе
Īȴ֪Լ²ۣԹʰ±¨ӣǣСӵ֡
ۻ˰ɣΪˣȻؼңԺȥ￴޳ʳЩ伢
һűǶŶӵģ뱾ЩؼͣȴûУΪ˲Űûܾ˵顣
˵˼һżҲԲʵˣȣܲúӶš
Ҳãʲôպӱģ
ֻˣԼȥġʱԼĪжӣĪҪؼҳʳôף


010 Т

صĪɷ±¨ͳţӭŶӳڴС֣ܵǰ
ף׽㣿
ںСһڣοСë
Īϲ׽õȥĸóʳȥˣװЩʰһ£ϸ㡣
˵ɳԣõŵǺܿĵ˵СԴ󣡡һ£ڰһڡ
ãС׵ףȻأԸ˵ЦһС
ĶʱһŶֱ˱ӣŶ
ԣȥɣҪɻˡ
ȴûԹȥ棬ܿûƬֻصǰϱŵСƵڵƨ±ߡ

ôСТ˳жӯԼһôϹä˺õ๫ͶӲܣƫҪȥ
ȴߵߵСܿȥ¼ϵḷ̌СӹڴҨ˰ưˮʢһͶڵظ˹
ںСֿֿϱ׼ֱ̫ˣ
䲻ԣȴҲͬһԼʱΣһۺ׾ͻʧֻصȥöԶԶģ޶һٴ
ԣ˿رҪں׵ߣסˣЩֺ׵ķʽѧŶ壡
ôɶµĺӣ뵽Լǰôݵ׷ӹүͷһᣬסС֡
ɵӣ׻Զһģˣ󻹻Ϻӣѣ˯ޱԸֺóԵĶһʶֵ֣سȻȢϱ뿪ףԼСӡ
ǰ벿ֻˣͷ˵Ҫ뿪ףСҡͷֳϰ䡣
ҪȢϱҪ뿪ףҪһֱһ𣡡
֪̫СЩعСһϡ
úãǾͲ뿪ףһһֱҸһ𣡡
ˣĵصͷҸѾһսԺĵŵһԡ
ȥһף
˵űֺõԻֻӣƣҴõô
Ƕ˰Ѷ࿪ľٶΪʱ۾һֱ˹ȥ
ģŻȺԼӦģ
ѵÿӳԣ־ͱһֻǽڷĴַɿ׽סһսġ
˴ǽŵ˿ĪҪҿ⵰ģҪˡ
ȻģϵﲻӼ͵ģ
̧ۿˣδϸ㿴΢ҵͷëʱ׹
δҵʳԴӼ͵ģ
ĪɸϽ̧תͷʵʵվһԿӵĶӡ
˵͵ƼļιûУ˳ּģ԰ɡ
ﵽˣǼ˸ʲô˰˵ֳ˵黰˵ϵǫǫӸ߷ڣƦ͵ӵļֱǸ̥
ôźãԽദԽǷʵ̫ˣ
ȴûط˸ۣתͷҶӣԵ󵰣
Īɿ־֮ɫɰͰ͵Ĵ濪ڣӣΪ͵ĵعЩڵҰ˺Աǡ
ݵһۣ㷽Ų˵˳ּ𣿡
©˵͵оĪɸϽͷ죺ӣѾˣȥҰˣĪҪţΪϱء
˵ҲƵ˿ͳͷˡ
ЦõҡҡͷֻһֻŽ˵ϵһֱֻӴִɴЩˮһĭͷ뵰
ľǰŰõĵģŶ
Сһ˫ɻؿס
뽫ΨһһľϴСԣ԰ɣϻԡ
˵űѶӱԸߵʣ»ֱת
ܿ촫죬һͼֳ˳ľʣ˹
ôԣ𣿡
ҡͷ˵ˣ׳ԣԣҰˡ
ܼˣסС֡
ģ׵ģ
Ͻڱ̬׵ģ
ͷ
Ȼ׵ģǾ͹Թ԰ѵˣײƭ㣬ȫҶкóԵģȥ԰ɣı̵졣
ͷ˿˵ĵֿ˿С־Ťһ
ΣֻýһߣȡףҨ𵰸͵ߡ
Ϊ׿Ҫˣ࣡һ˿ڿˮֻЩ꣬ԼͲζֱ̿ˮ


011 Ҷϸ

Ȼֻǽߴ˴תֱι˶ߡ
סЩң
Сһ죬û˵꣬۵ĵͽ
ợúóԣʳԣ׿Ҫˣ
Ļ˵ιһһףʵʵһ뵰Ը⡣
˵ǲСʵҲһ߻ˮ뵱Ȼ㶫ܳŵӣϾҰ࣬Сθأ㶫ֻ档
ι꺢һգֻȥʰЩˣĪһҰ˻ʱѾڻصĿڽƬľﱸˮкŽȥݡ
ĳпһ¨ӵĿøɸɾվڲ˶ǰŵøϽǰ
ӣɣⶫУ֣
ƬһۣңΨʣ
Ī˵һĻҶŵؿ˶ӣȴСӽЩԲ¡˵ĿеúÿˣȵƬһŰڲ˶ϣкһ־һӽ˱ϵĴľǸ侢Լ
ˮˣȥЩ
ھ㵵ԣϽס˺õĲ²⣬תԹˮȥˡ
ĪǰŸߣһȥſڵƬ˻ס½ǡ
ףĸˣ
Ͻڲϲ֣ǣŶӭȥ
Ȼ߳δˣЩɻ
Сһָ˼˻ͷˣԶԶƼĸˣϾͽȥ˶ûߵԺſء
ߣ˵
ӣǧĪҪȥֻҿˡ
Ҷϵ
һ긾˵Щţɩӣֻǧͬ˵ѽ
Ųһ٣ѻӭסϡ
סСȦסôӭһֲȥˣ
꣡˸ƣͷҶϺĪɵĪǮ˵
Ҷر֤İɣӣֻͬһ˽ˣҲǵĪֵܻԿˮԼ޹ӲǸˣοۻƴأҿͦõģƽ㲻żϸɽֲ֪ǳ
ɩǮҲ֪ŭ΢΢
²Ǽ٣۶˵֪ҸѾ͹ˣһд󿴺ϱҲൣĪҪ˻ɼǣףǱҪԸҺڣЩ˶ˣܲס
ҶϿʼ𣺡ӣƣһ±õĺãŵģЩҲ˵δҲ˵ɽ˶ӣҲֹһƵüҲƼأ
ӣҲĪֵܲףǾƲ˵ģ⻰͵Ϊֹ͵ҽ°ɣĪֵܵˮˣﻹŻأȽȥˣ
ҶϲŽԺĪɵԶԶ˹
ˣȥ
Ǯϲ֪Ǹʲô飬Ĳػһ䡣
ĸҪȥǸڣ࿴һ۶٣ͬҽˣΪǸŮ㾹Ȼܻؼȥ͵
ɰôҲǸʥˣǰ㲻챻ŮʹūһӶ
Īϱ⣺д£ҵˣҾǿһۼιûæιѲӡ
Ǯ˶һڣϢ鲻ȥѧЩǿ絹ˣ֪Ͳùͳʳ
ĪɼתҪߣæϵӣ˸ס
ĪߣӸⲻˣҲãһȥڿɺˣһ׼ϲ
Ǯϲ뻹ãһһ
룬룬ֻϱҸ㣬ĪɣðҶˣĪٽЩػҲ׼жǣҲҪϱɣ
ĪЦ޶˶˵զˣû
˵ǮϾֳšȥ
ĶҪֱ˵Ů˽ǲɽˣ
Ī۵ֱ죬Ҳû룬ػһ䡣
ǰȥڿˣ˺ЩܸˣšңƼ˹ģ
ǮϸͷС쳤šҲ˶㻹֪˹ģ˹ĴϱûˣʳҲԣ
ĪɱһͷˮΪ硣
ﰡզˣ˵զǸͳʳƽղ㻹Ҳ̫Ϊ˰ɣǶƫ̻ĺܺãرã
ҳϣҲԣ˼ǸԵģû롭


012ԼţΣ

ƨǮԽԽǺɸ֣ϴȴֱֵĹͷ۵۾ֱᡣ
ĪɻؼʻûʱպóȥڲˣؼҲ֪ͷӸɨѺ˳ȥ˵ҵ͵ĸյùǺ
˼ȥ۶ӣǾͺҰ˼ӣȺ͵ˣϲߵſڣպҶϳˮ
Ҷĸɽʱ˰룬ԼһΪĪɣ뷢֮Żܳɽ֮󷴶ӭȥĪɣʱףӲĪɡ
Ǯһ⻹ˣԼҶϱȻԵ֣ҪǴͷˣĪҵҪţɻñ˸ЦƫӻŮ˵ɸ
ҵθɵզôȱۣȢϱɺãûΪǸܼڻؼϹͷ
ˣǿȥˣϽдݺ飬ǰͻذ׼ȥɣǼСɹ𣡡
ĪԽԽǺͿ쵽զˣ
ҲѾȥˣ
ҶŮʵɺޣȻǮϵ俪ߵڰ׵ֻ
Լ飬ߵϣǹȱ£
ףؿͷֿԼס
£
ԣﻹлɣԸȥӭĸɡ
ԹԵͷתСֳԺӡ
벻ڽǣԱûţȥȻûһͷͣˡ
ǮǸۺӵģǲСǰټӣҲûǼҰתˡ
ûƬĪȾ㵣ˮصԺУӷ£ֺǺǿڡ
ӣƣҷŵˮӣأ԰ɡ
뿴ùҶŵӣһԳԼǰ˹ЦЦһҶ͵ҧһڡ
ţóԣ׬ǮЩЩ
ĪɱȰóԾͶԷһ˵𣿡
뼸ڰӳ꣬п
ȻģЩʳҲóĺ˷ףһأ治÷ּҹϧѾˣֻˣլһ˴һֵĹ
ȷʵ뷨Ŵһ˳ܵ磬ܸʲôǰֶ˺ãԵĲ˵Ҫ׬Ǯ๫Ҫ飬Ӿ͵и˿ܷġ
ĺ˵Լ棬ȴܲŻ˱ģͺñҶϣҪСˣõİ취ռסģԼţΣ
ȥǸȱȱ۶ȱ£ɾĥ£͸ıľҲ˰׼Ҵ̣෴޵ĪңĪ˲ӦϧĲƸ
ҶǮ䣬ûȥ粵壬ֻǮϵֲ죬վüģҪӸĪ˳׶Ĺۣҽ
ǮҰųԵѾˣǿֳһӲĪȫˡ
˶ӱļæҲ֪ĪĴ󣬻ǱĸϰΪû﷽ŵĻϣһĵˮˮ׸ˣ۵ͷ󺹡
ҲǼҵĸжˮҲԶڴУǼסСԺضס
ֻĳ治Уԭû⣬ӪӹǸͻסⵣѣҪ˵ѹե˼µòˣֻһεͰܶͲˡ
ͣпĶͷ±ⵣֱĨˣԽۣĪȾԲǲŬҲźһ˳ԲֻϧĲǿϣ
̫ÿлˣ˳һЩԶˣĻӣ
ԣ֮ǸϽ׬Ǯ˻ָ飡
ЪԺСҲˢˣҪϡ
Īɳһ£ӣǼͳǵˡ
һ۱㿴ΣܲܳԻһʱοǽúܣ˷ʵڿϧ
ģ˶տȥǮġ
˺ڰ׷۾ֻǶ룬һԲתȥˢСˡ
밵ǣ϶ڰܼҺ֣ȴ֮֮ûзԣԵ˼û𡭡ǶΰǷư
һǺߣߣܸܺڣΪﷴûΣڰҲǰڡ
ֱ̧ϵĺпЩĺۣݺȥɬ񣬶ϺõĳʳͲû


013 ҵ·

˵ҪһҪģһ¨Ŀȫ꣬ˮ飬һʱһƬҧԣɬѾȫȥֻۣһ
ĵ֣ѾԸˢ˼е̳һСףժҰ˵ˡ
죡
үһۣϵĿƬһ˿ηܶʱ͵ҧ񣬿ٲ볢ڶڡ
ѽֱӰƬĪ촽ϣֻӲͷƤſҧ˹ȥ
̶ȵؿӣࣿ
ţСִ̳һƬСҧһڣҲ棺ࡣ
ү˰ɣ򵥵£ҿų˲
ʵǰ˭᲻ţ
ӣǴ
ܵ佱һҲǫ飺ǵȻҲųɣϧβ㣬ֻȰƬˮˣȻϵġ
ԸĪϿʼȥԺ񣺡ӣƬ񣡡
ǰƬȫˮһ飬ӰҲѾƫˡ
๫ȥӱӣץʱٱҩҲˣһȥϻǮ
˵ҪȥһȥĪǱţ°ԼԺŹ
ˣףүĻʱѾһֻɵС
ף㣬㣡
ԶԶϲõͷһϲӭԺſڣĳϵʱȴǽŲһ١
ֻЩ
Īһ˫ȫǼЦ⣬ر֪ؾ˾ŵʮС㡣
ƣأӹȻ˵طʱˣ
һʧȻˣûȫָǼ˵򾣬ջȷӦ֪ˡ
ɰ˵Ĵͷ
ĪҡͷĳŮɵĿ⣬ϽͣΪֻԴȡˣСĶͷĲŪá
ǹź߽ӹϵ㣺Ͳȵӽȥ𣿡
ˣ
ʵͣףˣô㣬ȫĻغˣѵЬӰЩ׽
Ǻݳ飬ɵؿĳУòǲû⣬ֱϺӰͽ㵹˰ɣ
ͷţ˵λѡģȫãҪŻȥܶˣ
ĳŮ۷һɨˡ
ĪֻҪ
ѽӣǲȥƬֱ̣һֻӣҼӵ֮ɣҲ£
뽫ƨϽȥɱˣŪɣüεۣ㸹ٳ࣬˻
Ī漫ˣȻᡭ
ǣ뿴˱ڵԺɱ㣬һֻӱ꣬ҲѾ۾Ǳ˻δ
뿴һǲ׵߹ȥ
ûɱꣿ
һŽػһˡˣĪΪѾ˹۵·
ľ豻һѳ˹ȥͬϼ˵ĳ嶯϶ɿɱ㣬ĵҪǵ廨һɱ㣬ǳҹ
ĪȾ㾪Ϊ˵ؿС϶ɿعȥ࣬ʮɱ궼ûɱʱ䣬ؼĵ˰죬СҲûб֡
ʮ㣬Ƭһһ˵ûйͣǰһڳԵÿļˣŰϸĸȥ̵⣬ֻͷֱԹóԵķ
ûʳȫڳƬ֮ƬִۣζԵȫ⡣
ĳȥϴ룬ԣױݣӣС̰Աһһæ
ΪʳҲΪȥϼЩӴСһֻӣһһ˹ƵһСȫװͷٰǵõҩһװСһ˾á
ڶհһĪһȥ˺ӱߣûˮʼ̲סϲȻһˮֻ߻ȫǴСС㣡
๫һϣֱ¨ﵹĪҪٱĻغȥ
ȷָӣĪɺϵؽɹ˴¨
ϲһ£ѳ̶ִС㼷ӻְܳȴ̫СֱӶغֻڱ¨Щ㣬ˣҲиʮһ֮࣬仹βһص㣬ǿ൱֣ͨԵģʶĶȻ۸񲻴
Ҳ·
Ȱ¨ӽˮȻѰ˴λ·źŽĪɱ˱¨ϽؼңľͰװ㣬㵱ȻҪʻֵǮûļֵˡ
˻صУ㵹ľͰʮţȻʰöţ׼ȥڣȴеţһȥϡ


014Īʵ

·ĪſʱĪɰҪͣϰסֻװʮľ
Щ˵ǵһβ㣬Тϵġ
ĪտڵһһɿС֣ӴȥɣΪ㡣
˼ԼȥˣһۣʹǣСֽԺ
ǮͷصĹݬιһۿˣСľ㾪
ס
ȻسһιأҺʹҪȥϸϼ͸ˣȿЩ㣬ұӺʹһģЩ͵ǳʡ
ŵһԣͳ׽ʮȱĶ̫࣬µȥϻˣ󲶵öˣТ͵
ǮϿһǰˣֱ̧۾ȻԼǲΣ
ǸóԵĶϱϣҲ˵ҪТʱ򣿣
Сĸ֣ĸɺóˣ
£ӵͷҰҲȸͷһȡ쵽ʱˣɻŶڵң˰
ǮȫȻֱϱŲŽ׷ƼĪɹȻվͷϱŴ¨ϻһµӣɰȵҪ
ĩֻ̫̫һ仰ȥذһԡ
Īһ볯֣ذɣ
ǮûŻأǣվſ˰죬ֱӺͶϱӰ䣬˿ͷӡ
ĸذɣ
СԴţգźڰ׷Ĵۣ׿ɺˣĸ˺Щӣˣĸǽջ˵ˣĸҪӣֱȥá
Ǯ뵽ҶϵĻ˵ڿ񵱽ɽ˽ᡭ
λŸϽ£յһɽڿȥˣ˶Щ
ҡͷ׺͵һȥģͻһ¨ȥף˺ЩƬ࣬ɺóˣȥѽƬ㣡
Ǯ룬ǣźȥˡ
Īüͽıڣȥ͵ģӳûңֻڴͷ˸ľ˨һ㿪
ǮϽԺСӵָºܿҵװĸףƿһȫеüõƬҨˮϴ˰֣ȥ̵׶ȫƬʵʵּûӵ¶
һƬͿڱ߳˳ȻҲִ࣬ˬۣĻǿ
Ҫװ˰ƬȥֱߵǮϻоԼ
أô˺޵ҧ˵תԾתԣЩ£
ؼǣҪôЩʱ;ȥͬ˽᣿
˵һͷĪδߵھ˴˵
˵ûǸֿʼˣ
˺棺ĪѾⲽأ
㻹ðɣ˵ƼɽͬԵ˽ᣡѶˡ
˾ˣ
ǰأһͬ飺ûУǲãϵθڿɴˣĪ飬
ͬĴɣȢޣҾðǰŮ˶
һϸ˷߷߿ڣֺ꾫ƤӻĺãҪҶϱһж
ӻЦĪԩģҪ˵Ҳֲ˼ҽСӣĪǲ㣬Ҫ޵Ǽңδþ͵̲ã
Īɸպù˸߳ߣȻֹΨһӵЦŭĿȥĶ츻
ĪȾһôӵڮҲŭɶ
˾ͼһݳӰ¨ѵѵߵǰĪɰ忡ָ̧һȦ
˭ڷҼӣеվҺúһ
ǣ
Ǻ۵𣿣
ӻߵߣԸоõĿһϡ
๫Ī˼С֮ҥ֮ǲվֻۣ蹷ͣҧ»ҧԼĹͷؼͷŵŧⱲӶ̹ӣ
氤䣬ָԴǶ񶾣ֻ᲻ּ˵Ŷˣˣһ֮ס˭ӿڣ˭ҥҵˣ๫ΪΪ֤ףٲҪһȥϼ٣Σ
ĪӿڣȥҪΪȰӣҲҪſڴƻƣ˻ٰ֮ҪүطһӲӲųɣ
Ǻ˲һƬ۵׹ⱬƫֽӲϿڡ
˵ʱ㶵úܣĪɣǿǴһ׼ӣҪԸҲҪﴳ


015  䳡

ʱپѰ׸£Ī˵״Ҫ棬ҪȰɱ̺򣬾û˾ǵٸҲҪһƤ˵
ҲֻЭةܹܴ˿ں͸˰ɣŴүǰͷĵԼүץ˰ѱĪ˵Ȳ㲻Լְ֮Ҫ
ȫŸڴţƳ죬ϣһҪкβˣ
Ӧμˡ
ҶʱϺ׺ţһĪɣ˵һߵţԱߣͱϱŵĶŵ˳ϡ
ඣϽǮϳ˼ĪϺţ
Ϻкţ־͵˸Сȥβ͵İز㡣
壬Ǽûͭ壬ܶǮ
йؾǴһ˳һǮذڣϺûǮʱֻҪ࣬ҲһˣԸöֵģҲܣ㣬û
ɳɳɣϳȥ
˶԰ó޲治ѣûμӹ۵һţһĪɡ
ɣŪ㰡
ĪԳŪģŪ
˱ֱ۶
ϸķϳȥð߶û˸żһˣϳϺ˦˱ӣţˡ
Ǹһʱûȣһȥæס
˾δؿڣˣĪɩһѡ
뼫ٳţ⸾ʶֻЦЦ
Ӧõģû¾ͺá
ˣҲóЩ棬һ̽ʡ
ĪɩǺİɣ治СҼҼСӳȥ㣬ֻܵЩӣӣСúܣȫǴ̣Ҳóԡ
뿴һ߲ʱַ¨İ߷ĪɣͷŸ̹ԡ
㲻ǵģұӲġ
Ǹתͷһ۳ϵ־֮ɫӿҲģ
ͷǰⱳ¨ȫұģû취٣ųľûʳˣҲֻÿЩȥʳ
ǸŵβֿڣĪɩ㲻ǰ׼ҵСЩֻ
˵ʣεҡҡͷ
ֻ֪һֿ֪ˣ޽׼ǰѣҲܹˣȫѧЩչһСͽҸգ˵Ҫһ֮ܰĪ˵ЩҺЩأ
һֱ벻ҴĸҼ޵ԣôЩҲί๫һϣ̫Ϊˡ
뿪ˣȻѾ޹ˣôˣҪǰҲֻŵСĹȥӻҪúùģ˵ǰɣ
Ǹͬص˵ͷ˵öԣԵߵһ𣬺ϸͬЭӲǣĪɩô룬ɽиˣ
һ˶Ŷ˵ʵҲ̬ô˶֪֪ӻͷ𲻻ĹµǿҲô˶ԳŻӡ׾ͻᱻ
ĪȻԶԷŵδ֣¶һƼûҼͬҺأ˭˵ЩڮӵĻҶȻͬû꣡
ȣһ˸Ҫնʱⷬ˺
룺벻˻䳡ʣ
ţһ·εһʱ˵ʵ治·죬ǸϼĴ˶붼ЩҪȥǮԸ·ʡһǮ
˻س̵ʱ䣬˱ɢ˿ȥ
Īɱ˱¨ӣŴһߵϵ֣¥һָ
๫ȥôա
Īûһ¨۲˵Ҳ˵ҪĲֵǮ
˺ܿߵ¥ʱ仹磬û㣬¥˵ɣȥҲûˣСȻһСޣϾŴµ˫ۣǰ׼ϣ
ˣطҪԷȥͷС̯ϳԣ
ݵһۣ˵ʲôأʲô𣿾Ѫѣ׵зûеС¥Ҳ˵𣿣
СƱ˵һһ㶣ʲôʱ˵Щɽ亣ζСþ飬ֻŮһİ֮ߴľУ
ͣ룡
ʱһصСƣһ˦ȥ֪˭ҿǰװ̫үġȣúС˵ЩǴƹл˵
Сᵽ̫үʱ亹ֱðĵŮĪ̫үŮС檣ˣ֮ﲻã
գȥƹ񡣡˵ڵ˺裬תҴȥƹ
ĪȾµغŲˣƹõǿ죬һ¶ǣͷһӵӭ˳
֪λˣʧԶӭʧԶӭ
˵ͷ޷ϰֵۣǮ


016 ׬Ǯ

016׬Ǯ
ƹһ㶣ؿĪȾƿ¨
ﻹشȣѲôү΢ϣǼ㣬±˸ˣǿǾ¥ûۿ֮ͣķ棬ϸӦųɣ
Ϊأƹϸָֿסβ㡣
Ůˣβͷ㣬βֵˣЩСҲм㣬һСǮͲ࣬Щ㣬ͳֵһģλǻˣǾǱ˸ˡ
ü˼ЩֵֻǮ
ϰͷɲ㵽мȥҲۡ
̾˿ðɣǾСӣȫǾ¥ˡ
ϰǳ˳飺ŮţС㲻
ңҲŰôЩԵ㰡˵Ҳɣ
ƹĵЩ㣬ֻﵣûԵĿģſڣǾģ
ܹطʻȥȻأǾ̫үݾͲ㣿
ƹһͷ̽һ䣺֪Ůհ
һСǺ̫үһհס
ƹϽЦС㣬úúãҾһӣˣȫˣ
˾¥Ī۳ݵСӡ
ӣΪ벻ЩǮϡ
ʱĿСɰ˻۾
ĪҪңߵҲ㣡
ĪȾϽ̧ģӣΪû治֪ǲǡ
ϡУǿɽ˲ѴΪ׬Ǯںô㡣
˵ʵһصĹĲ࣬㲻ζʶãΪҪС̺ŽĶʶһԽУԼǮҲǺܸߵġ
Сˮƽ͵ͣ¥˶оͨͨĴ͹ݳˣм˻Եô£öʶ
Ӷͨ˼˵ǿǶʮףԵҲ࣬ϼġ
Ҳǲ˶ѿ࣬ǡСۿ˵ͣʱ常Ĵһ֮׼ҵĺôðײã
û뵽ǣҰܼȻܷ˰ӣ
ˣû׼ˣ߰ɣȥҩ̿ȥӣȻȥʳΣ󻹻Ჶġ
û㣬ͨСҲǮһʮʮģһףؼٱźһ컹²ʮǿʵǸС룡
ԽԽǿģǣĪȾȥҩӣһƹղɵЩˮޤȴʧ
ƹ˵ˣֲ̫ϡҩǶͳһҩ̹ӦɫԶǰѺõöֱ࣬ȥˡ
ҩӸˣɹʱ򷭶̫ڿˣҶѾ⣬ƷȻû
ƹģʲôҩǲأ
ƹҲȻֳɽȽѰϡҩģϺڷɽĺڡؾĸʯɽϵʯϻǱе顢ء¥ЩҩжҲģ
ЩҩںһжҲܽ˹ֲȴֻڴɽȥңôף
뿪ҩӣĪСӵ֡
ӣ۾׽ǣڷɽܣϻϻԲȥ
ֱοİɣֲӱżˣҿɲΪ˼Ǯȥðա
ҺҲûȥðյķϡ
ҩ·ˣֹֻܿպͲңھͿӺò
ĪѰ˸˶·Σһְڿʼȿš
ĳŮ˳Ѱ̻ãһʱһֱƷ࣬ʲô¨ᣬ䣬ң£Ьϯֻ벻û˼ұ಻
ˣⶫҲ׬Ǯġ
԰һֶСҪ뾹Ȼһ䡣
λɩô
ҡͷҲ֪飬㿴Ÿɡ
Ǹ긾ˣߴССϲؿӣ
ҷʹˣĲģСģҿһҸʮȫҪˣ㿴ɺã
ϲȴ΢һɣȻŵͷ
ðɣǳҪҲͲûȥԼˣʮĸȥɡ
Ǹ˼ӿĽӹӣҲû£ֱʮͭݵ
ǮջغɰĪǣС۵ظ˸ĥƺüָ⡣
ʵˣΪ򡭡
һۣ˵ûõģʳȥȫ
ûΪ򿸣Ӧõģ
ﻹǺܿĵģΪӲ벻Ϊ˷ãⰴһһСһֵĳߴ࣬Сǵϲ
ܱ仨ȾɫʲôģҲʧһעİ취۸ͬȻǺÿĺ


017 

ʳӣ̫ƽȶ׶궼Ƕʮһ׾ٱģֻιһҪʮǮ
Ϊǲٵģҧҧһȥ֮ӴҤϼڴףЩϣǶ˶գٶҲӶ࣡
ȴǲԲףϾԲҲθСҲǳԲ
СףһףһӾ͸оʳԵ̤ʵ
ﲻңҪβ㣬ƾӺСǵǮֻһףҲ
ŴǮĺ׬ԻҲҪʡ˵ȱɰ˰ģҲֻǸһѵĲ˹һһĲϺ޻
·ʱؼҰͣһʣ˵ҪʮǮһ͸Ĺ󣬾ȻҲҪʮģڴǰˣʮǮ
ЩǣֱͻȻһ죬ϵĹٲ߱ġ
ȺӿǰۿȴΪ󶼲ʶֻ֣ٲ˵
ĪȾվòԶ֮Īݸʶ֣ԶƣԶԶı㿴˸ʾϵİģɫһ䡣
뵱ȻҲʶ֣һʶü֣ȴںѧֹŴ壬˽ż⣬ֲϰ尸ǰľ̨ףǿ˰ģҲһ
⣬ôͻȻҪ̰
Ǳ߹ٲҲڴ󺰣ԽͻȻҴֳ͢һÿÿʯףǶʯףʯףۣÿÿж߳һ
Ŵ̿ɲǵһٸͨϢ԰˵һ޴ʵĽѣ
ȾҪɸ˰һʱͷ˰ξһ˼ǶԹŴشĴ
£ʳһӱҪһۣ˵࣬ʵҲ١
ϾŴļܷͥ⽨˼ӰأͷˣּҵģҲζһޣ㺢ӳףӣֻҪּҶһ
۵ʱٷּҲǲģһжµĻ¼㣬ûзֹҵĶҪۡ
󻧲ּҲһôǳҪ࣬ΪǴСʳյöһ࣬ҳ͢սʱʵڶȱʱͷ˰˿ڶǿҪ
ԼңСǲسȴǱҪõģһʯʳʮҲҪʮף൱ӣ
ôһ룬Żϲõʱ˰ףýɲʳô죬Ҫñְɣ
ȻŸ뵽Ǳ߹ٲʹһڽɲߣжѡһһһ۵һ֮вԸߣһ
ץסĪɵ̧֣
๫ǵץ׬ǮųɣҾԲȥӾ
Īģսɣ
ѵóĬβ̾˿ȥɣʱˡ
û˵ȥۣпŨŨĲˣǸоǿ϶òӣҪȥˡ
ⳡ⣬Ҳû˼Ǯˣζ˵
һ룬ʳεļǮһǣʱҪǮԣ˺Ǿᣡ
ȥҩӴʱ벻ڱƵȥǮĳ̶ȣһתۣǾıƵҪǮĳ̶ȣ
´ӣָŲ϶УսҪ𣬼ҼҶһƤϵ͵꣬Ӱ׬Ǯ͸ˣ̴ˣ껹֪ҪʲôԲӾܻ̫ƽǻҪǮ
ĪأѵûغСӣֻһǣЩʧϺͣţĵطߡ
Ҳһ·£Ҫ׬Ǯ˻صţǰʱЩ˶ˣȫڽ
·ϺͰ˵ĸ۾غ˻ߡ
ǺãҾſӳӣһӾҪۣҼܴ϶ҪȥˣǺ£͹Ҳһȥ
ҲڿޣӣҺһҼҲǲܴģּʮأզ찡
Ǽ˵٣ĲʮԣôǵҪǱߣһ˿ô޶
һʱţܳƲһƬ뿴һĪɣͬʱ뵽Īҡ
˵ֳˣĪȴոպӣĪɵĵиҪĶĪȾأԼ귽ʮ¸¾ҪȢ޵ĪȾǡ
Īһ廹ֻĪȾһֻĪ̫үӣͷܵܣÿҺӶ٣ӶǷֿģɻȴû֣ϸһӲ֪Ҫٱۣ


018 

ţһֻ˿ɽ壬ÿθϼʱЯϲðûУֻһ˷̾Ϣ
ϺʱѾв˼ҵĺȸϼĸĸˣǮҲǣڵĪǻԷһûһɫȴɲɻ֡
զˣ·ϱɽ˽ôһ˪Ƶģ
Ա׽ʭӣ㿴˭صĶ࣬ʱ˳ֿͣȴһ澰ʱ̲סʼʽϹ
˰һۣкòˣڴֺ͵ҲԲӣ͢ȥԻˣ
û࣬һ˷ܼˡ
棿Ҫ򰡣ȥȻسԻ
ǲɵ㵱ǻóԣսɱУһþͱ˼Ҽ䴩ˣ㣡
ڳһࣺսʱӾͲǰ壬мǰ˵ţҺΣ
ͦ͵ˣЦ˻߲ΣǽΥͷֱӾͿ㣡
ɲǣһӿ˻ã㿳Ųңȥַ
һƬ֣Сô£
ҡͷôˣΪӾڴһϹ죿ֱҪ
ͻȻѾӾܣܱ߱ɥƵĴ󺰣ˣ²ˣ͢ҪˣҪˡ
ɤŶһûƬӶˣõ˷ϭģϢ㴫ˡ
ԭ˻۰ǵС£һʱû˼ȥЩˣȫüΨһӰĴԼҲֻҶϣһˣֶ࣬˵Ƕ£ִŶ岻ա
ҲˣѸͻȻͳ˴ֿȵĻ⣬֮ȥʣɲȢҶϣҪǺһӣܲܺһң
⵱ú
ԹѸҲûϸû˵ѸһټޣֻҪΪТ꣬پﳤͬ⣬ǿٸļ޵ġ
ҶѾΪ屣ТҸûгˣνҲҶҸĸֳϸǲأұֻסˣֻֽʣԼͿԸļˡ
ߴɹܵ⣬ǱĪȴЩĬ
һȦŰ˿ˣĪűЬӣüͷҲ֪̫໹ǳãӲǽһŸ
˭ҲûҶ꣬ʵʵŵһ֮ڡ
Ϊϱǲģɽռ£ĪɵϱϾͶ˶ĿбӣҪôԼҪôĪϺ
˵СҲҪȢˣʵλϺһҲϣ׳꣬ʮһ꣬ŵķκӲҲһҪߴһЩֻݣһȫݸߵΣΪһ֮Դϣͦ˵ġ
ѼǮһ£ƹ׳ȥ
ȫԶ۾һ죬ò˵Ǽλƽһ࣬ĸӶɹؼʱǻӵģ
ȥһδɼңֻҪ˺ܼҵĻ£Ҫϲȵȥʵģ
ĪɴĪɣɣ¸¾ҪˣƣǶȥɣɩѾˣҲϲ˺ɩӺͺӣҺչˣǧĪҪǣ
ϱϱŴӣʱһᣬȴҧ촽Ӳû
ĪϺʲľһģ˭Ҳȥ˵ˣȥһϹͷڼҲôǵֵһŪˣ˭ҲᵡǵòҪ֪ǸҲТҾĲǣ
»ȻѹĪôǸŴ˰˳ɶϱ
ǱǮѾ۽Ǻ۾ȥаһֻСľϻ򿪣ͷһҵϣͦ죬뿴һۣȴӶûУֻһѵͭ塣
Ǯ϶úŵ۾һ£ڣһǧʮǮҪɰϲƵġ
ͷֻʮģﻹһʯףôԸһ£һһӣԼȥҲУİЩǮȫȥǼҲǹȥȵһ˶ö
ĪϺɵ۶ˣֻǮ
Ǯϴͷûҿ
ǱֵȴǷؿһĪɣĳдüĿɮ붨һö˶
ҲܹǻǮ͵ȥӼλֳˣʵĪԼи󡢻
˾Ķǲһ亹


019 Ʒ

˵ģҲȷԼûпϣ
˵ģ˵ڲŸ죬ǼʳûˣĪܲԽԽɣ˵Ӧͷôĵȵʳأ
Ҫ˵ҪԺõģĪļ͵ˣǮ
ôһ룬˲оԼǷĪɺͶӣǷĪȫң
θһ죬ֱӰСɰ˳档

ڣĪϺһӣ죡ûŮ˵ķݣ
һɰϡ
뿴ֻСרõľСɰٿһİ롣

ò˵Ϊ׼С㣬⻹ͷαף
ԼǰƷＫˣ˵仰˼ҶԸ
ôȰ˵ڻǾʱ򣬻а취׬ǮĪ־ͰСɰ˻ȥ
Сûκһ˫۾ĪϺʱðɣľֱĪҹȥ
ֻûֵث
Īû㣬һţһ飬ûƬ̾͹һ
Ͻס๫զ㣿һ˰ɣ
ﱻŵôģոշӦּһһŵСһƲۣһӿˣǮϸϽ塣
ĪޣĪҪޣͷӣ㷢ʲô裿Ѻŵģ
ĪϺ⣬ҲҪ
ĪС֣ͨһ¹˵ϡ
ǼҲɲҲҪȥӾģǮҪҪҶϣܣΪȴûϢܰļТϣһֱҪġǣҲûһûӣʱǹ¶ĸô
Ī˶ʱĬˡ
뻹̲סվ
Ҷȱĳ˭˵ǾͷǵñȥӾ»һµʱ䣬δؾûа취׬ӣƴ·
ȫҶûؿλСĻֻʶ伲࣬ͷԹڼ򵥡
ҪʳƲӵʱڣɲȥ׬ȥ
Ϊ֤Լǿտ˵׻볶ɰӣͷʣµǮһ
ƼЩûУƼҺʹصʳûУӾҺʹ첻ʱ׬ģֻҪǿŬû׼ͻ漣
ȫ˶˵׬ôЩǮʱŴ۾ûһ˵ĿתǮϡ
Ǯ㶵Ű룬Ƭ̺ŷӦϽɿĨҡΡ
ɲҸɵģһθǮǰˣֻʮȥף
˼ѪƵİǺţ
ʵϵĺӴ⻰һһǶ϶ЩǮȫǹȥλӼﰵɳ²֒Īɵġ
ȻӱϳǮϺĪһڣ˶
뻹ڴ׬ģģȥôܼңôܰǮܵڣ˵ˣܵڣΪʲôҪóƣ
޵ؿڣ˭֪Сôģ
ĪϺǿָסĪɣһֳȥˣͣǰۣҹ
Īɱͷԣֳŵվƾɵĳϲңǰǣסһֱĸ׻
ϵǮһЩǮﵹͭӻһˣֻǮȽϺüͭӣҲ֪жǵģ
ǮôܺƤһֲٸͷԺšһӷ˸̫̫ΡΡ˽
ֿ̫̫߱޺ϴ󰡣Īϴ󣬿ȾܡܣһӰɣ
ӦĪҵ̫̫Ī̫ү֮ޡ
ȻĪϺվӭǰŴ󿪣æ̫̫ݣҰõס
ﰡϵģôԹˣ½жܡ֪һǣӹȥ͵
Ī̫̫ǿһδʰͭǮСǵйâһŴŵ㣬˳ӣִս㿴һŴſǻڡ
ϴ󰡣Ī˵ǿ׻㲻ӭҲʵڱƵûл·ˣŲò㣡
㲻ûôںô˵ǼӹҲζܣܣҼҳ϶û¶٣Բ㣡
ϴ󰡣ҲԵģ۳͢Ҫ׳ɲֻԸֵ
ĪϺһľȡ
ĪҪ˼룬СģܲϣҲãǼĸֵܣҼҵĵƶҲء


020 Ʒ̫̫

Ī̫̫ҡͷϴ󰡣ĪҪ˵úôЩҲûôТ˳ҺԹԹԼСӣѰҲˣҺָТȫֵܷ¼ʵҪˣ
ҲĪҿ߿࣬Ϊӣ͸δɲܿ㼸ֵܱ˱Ƶ·ܰҪûǣҪҺ
̫̫Т˵ĿȴԶ׼ĪϺһΪ֮¶ൣ࿸
ȫ˶̫̫Ļ⣬ȴҲûһ˸ҳô֪Ҫ󣬿ΪܲТͳ죿
ĪϺ˰죬Ŷ÷죬̧ۿ˿̫̫ߴͷɥֵܣĩڱһ仰϶һڼ˶Բߣ
Ī϶ǸʵϵģƽҲү̫̫ͬͬסТ̷š
ҲͬТ˳мӣȴ̫̫ϲĶӣĪ̫̫ϣϲ˫ĪĪġ
϶˵ͷ̫̫һۣûֹ˼ſڽ͡
磬Һܡĵͳ߸ӣҪۡ
Ҳֲ֪ܴӾɸտͯҪŵģϲҲһ;ϡ
ɸճףܲϱأʮĶҲҪŪġ
Ҽǰˤڻţﶼ벻ɱǿȥģϱһ˵ȥײǽ˵ڻûѣ޶С˼ô
ҡҲʵûӣźһͬһһ¡
ÿһĪϺľ³һأֱĪ϶Ǳгжһ飬ĪϺĳ˹ȵףһ˵Ķų˹ȵס
Ҳˣ׳ȫƵϴһҲ˵水ĪϺһԼӣȫȥӾ
̫ˣֱ̫
ǡ
ųڣĪɾ졣
һɤ۶תˣĪҡҡͷ
Ҳ²ǳѿʱ򣬿ǿǱ飬Т֮ˣͷһһԵشӦ
һ˶ĪϺǮ˿λʹܺͿ
ɲԵС£ǫһֵܣТһӱ󰭣һ˵
ĪϺҲΪѣֱĬ˰յʱųڡ
üֵܶףҲиѴ
ǼҲһף˵ԵģϱͿˣǾƲȥģɾ͸ܣĻѾ˵ˣ¸Ҫǲܳףǲһ˵£˼Ů޵Ҳܲˣ
οǼСɣȥңϲȵ࿴һ£ϲȵȾǵ»ˣСɣܼҵҲɲˣŮӼҵģ¹ϵһԵأ
Һʹɣү͵óۣǼͳ⼸ˣҲĲϡ
⻰һ˵̫̫꣬ʱͺ
ӴţϴôôݵģֵܼȰҲ㲻ҲͰˣҪ϶ȥˣǼҪ
ϴ˵Īϴ󰡣ôôТ˳š
̫̫ضһڣĪ϶ĪޱȥæǸ˳
̫̫ۣ߳ߴָ￴ĬĬ׵ϵĪϺƺ«ƵĴⲻ͵һվ
ĪϴĪҪҰڳһ¿ˮ̵ĺƤӣҾͰѻˣǼ벻ҲɣǾͰֵǴӰɣͳʮǲΪǼңҲȫǳɣЩҾˣµĸϽ㣬ºã
û˵ͿʼϵǮﻮɫ½һĪϺһ˽ȭͷע£ѽЩͭȫ˲
̫̫޳ܵоֱͷҪϿɻò׬Ǯأ˹Ҳղµһֲ̫̫ʲô£
ٳңĪֵܸɫ࣬ö𣬿ȴԼû֨ҲҰǮ
ĪϺԵվﰡǼͳôЩǮҪѽǸȥǼֵöһ۰
̫̫ӭѪߣ˿Ϊص˫ۿȥһ̱
㲻Ҳֵǵû취벻ۣǾ뷨ӴǮ
һиǧСĶϱʵڲɣȥǸŴ󻧵׼ңĪ˵һʮӣǰ׼ҼҴƴ󣬰θëҲ֣
ô˵·㲻ȥߣװ࣬ôôڵĸΣĿһ˻ǸТĶ


021 ȥ׼

Īֱ̫̫׳ĭɣֲĪϺĻᣬǮߡ
Ī϶ĪϽȥ̫̫Ȼͣ˽ŲתԸӡ
ϣþûԹˣûȥӡ
Ī϶ɣﰡ⡭
Ī̫̫۷صһǣʲô⣿ѵŵʳҲТӣ
Ī϶һӣæӦǣתߵߣûҿĪϺһˣֶ㣬Դߡ
㱻ߣίرסĪɵĲӣҧ
ƾҲû뵽ĪҾȻôƷ̫̫ȥӲмĪҵ£ȴУ޷Ϊһ֧ƽ
ȻҲų۸ֱǹߵҪ죡
ϸȴҲΣԹТΪȣΪҹŲø̫̫򶨻ᱻӿߣ˵ĪϺǸǲТӣԸ˼ȴˣ
ĪϺҲԸȫӵǡ
£Ǯ̫̫ȫ˲˵ҪٽǸհӣֱҪһ˵
ĪϺͷسϣһ˳Է鶼ûˣǮϵҲҪšˮ
զ죬Ǯȫ̫̫ȥˣĪ˵ɵϲҲûӰ
Ī޵غ۾ĸǹݣһ׳ͳǼҺ۸
ҲԭǼҷֵĵر٣Ī˭ҲǸԣ£ȴĸҲϳѪҪһӣ
ĪϺͷõ֣ϲӶʶˣҲû˵仰
ǮˣһѶϵĲ϶ȥʣʲôòӣֵܵ˱ۺûˣүҪսҲˣ
ĪɱҪߵģȴ̲סڡ
Īһ׬Ǯɣа취ģ
ȫȴȻΪĻģһ顣
ǮĨᣬͷ˶һۣεؿ˿ڣʵڲɣȥһ˰׼Ұɣ
ǹߣȥǶ೹ףֽɰϣŵǱߣҲԸŵϡ
Ͼ͸һλᣬͬһ԰ɣ
û뱻ɿһμˡ
Īɽ˽С֡ӣõԸɡ
ȫֵ˰ΣĪϺ¶İ㳤̾˿
Ҿͻȥسǣܲ׼ҹЩӼá
ȫ˶ĬĬ˿Ψ
Ǯ̧ĪɣɰȱæߣԹٻذɡ
һߣ㣬ֻʣ¼ҰѾ˵һҰӡ
ԵȻζֹ뵽˵ҲûԵżȥ׼裬ա
Ҫǰ׼ҿϸĪҵҲʧһ׵İ취ܹ²һӱȥ̲Ҫ¡
԰շǮǻؼң뱾һףǮҲûҪֱӰһƳ⣬ֶĪһЩһȥɼǮ
;Īһ·ǣŰС֣ĬӼҪȥ׼ҽǮв죬Ǽֺõذο
ĪҪҵҲǱƵʵûа취Ϊ򲻻ǰð׼ҵӣʱһ־ݣٶüϢҲɣ㡣
ɺеһŬ׬ǮȡհǷǮϣΪѣΪҲӱŬ
ˣҲΪЩģֻôܾ׬ЩǮ
๫պҵú˵˵ҽ͵ȥģҵҪϰëȥ˵ֻˣʱ㲻뿪ҡ
˽Σһ͵ģĪҪţͷ˻ǮȰѹٸҪӽϣһ취׬Ǯ𣿡
Īû뵽ͨ⣬жõվ½Ų˫סСһֻС֡
ӣ̫ˣ
һְۣ㣬һֻҪˣϽߣ㱳ôЩҲۣ
˱ϻżصһѶȴѵۣ֣̲סӡ
ӶΪ̫ˣΪңȻȢò绨˵ĺӣ
Ҳ˫ֱסĲӣУУĺף
뱾أᱻүһ̲סһЦ
үǣȥһøأ߰ɡ
һڻصСԺʱ͸ˣӣǺڹ¡ˣĪڰ˰ҵʯϵһСơ
ʵ̫Ϊö˯Щ뻹Ǿǵ΢һһ죬ڴ߸̺ˣ˲ϴϴ˯¡
Դ֮һֱûöȥԼ˯ɰĻˣСһ±˺ü˲űһֱֻ˯˹ȥ
ֱȵ˯ˣֹҪС§


022 

ֻϸݵĳ֣Ī֣ú˯ջҪȥسء
ĳʮֺõؿڣӣΪϲ˯ͣ㣡
Ϸȣʲôģˣ˯ȻҪˡ
Ծɲĵذ󣺡ӣΪһɣΪȥسǣһһҪգһڼңΪǺã
ĳŮ
ԣΪǼӰѾ..һ£ϾͲ̫Ϊˡ
֮⣬ʱȣһѽƿ
....ٲ˯һŰߵͷȥ
Īɣӵ...
룺..ٸһ䣬Ǿ͹ȥ˯
ĪɣΪˣΪ˯ǧĪҪ
һҹ޷ѻԺļͷʱˣδűоһֱ...һ˵ĻȺĽѹ˯һĺ
ذֱÿ𴲴£ˮúò˲ˬЩתȥ󷹡
ҷСƾɵéݣҲͳô߿ӣ˯ǼЩҲ֪ʱܸһ᷿
̾Ƿ̫ңԶֻΰ׼ܿŮϽӸĪңǰҪѹȶɹȥ
ǰûĪȥӾļ䣬뿪һ⾰ʱ㱻عƺҲڣ֪ǲǵʱĪҲȥ˰׼ң赽Ǯ֣ʱĹעЩ
ûʱж飬ĪŻܳӣƼæǰջ
磬ôЩ˯ó٣ҲЪһۻΪ۵ġ
æˣ󿪵ԵľֽҨټˮѷϣ΢ͷͷʣµֻּЩĭϸҶһŵ
ûĪɵֱҪ͵ȥسǣôȥ
̧ĶĿǽһճСϣ᲻ƿߡ
ûԼţҺ͵ȥϣȥĳϴһ̣ûУȥ
˵ͷ·̫Զˣдг̣·Ҹ󼸸Ӵųԡ
ĪִС֣ȫҸ͸мã
һۡĪҪⰭ£ȥϴͷᣬýҼһݡ
һյԼҵĳ
ӣ˵ɻ̫ãòڽҰգӣΪ󶨻Ŭ
ˣֱӳ˵ЩûõģϽȥԼʰЩʲôǿûԵĻһ̫ˡ
Ī½°ںЩ۵ӣһƽææ̺ϱˣֱʲô±룬۵Ҫ˵ҲûϾԼ´ֲ꣬ϴ˻ƣһӲǴ˰࣬᲻ࣿ
ֻһ䣬Իæ½ǿ˿һȣΪôһóȥˣǺãΪͷȥˣʵʧ񡭡
룺ĪɲʧһᱻλƲ
ˣɡ
ټƽЩĪȴԾԼСӶ棬ĲζҪôȥһɣһμˣܲýʧ
ЦαشӣǱûҪΪʲôŪЩġ
ĪɳĬŴ޳۽ޣЩ
Ϊȥϴˡ
ûĿתȥĥЩʲôܺóԣ
ҰҲûԵĶֻϴһѣõķȡ֮Ұ˱ˮϸϸְЩĭźڷ˼ӡ
˴ĸŪˣСƬ졢ˮ
һͷĪԺϴԽԼ°ϵԽǸоԼˡ
һȥ˵ȥǮͲʣܲ¹ڲʧ񣬸Ӷˣ
˼ȥǾȥһѣֻҪûɾͳɡ
뵽ԼֵܣһСĪ˵ѸɲɾǻΪû
ȥ̴ܴ򣿲ɲɣ̫ʧͳ
̶뵽Īҳ֮ΨһĶˣĪɣ˵귽ʮոճ꣬٣ȴ൱׳ʵԼǿãǱ⣬ȥɽ
һűҶϡ
ҶߵĴæؿѯĪֵܣôҪȥ
Īſڱһɩӣȥֵܽѣȥɡ
Ҷһ£ЦסֵҪѰ⻹˵ǼѶأҸһǣܴ山ͷôԶˡ
ĪæܾããҲԶ
Ҷ϶ʱɫһ䣬ȦӣҲʼʡ
ңѾˣֵˣҶ£Ҳãû뵽Щ
һ𣬳ű̧Ĩ۾Ǹ˵ģ˭۸һ㣬ĪΣ


023 ˽

ɩӣĲǸ˼ĪҪްҲ˵ҲѣɩĪ֡
ҶΪЦţֻҪĪֵ㲻ȥµĳ㣡
ĪתܻԺȥεøɵ۾ȴҲֻվͷš
Ҷϵ˼³һ˫ײЬӶǴδ¹ˮĪ鸴Ӽˣ治ѣֲ˼Ӳƻȥ
⡭⻹أôʹã
ҶϳذѺЬֻҪֵܲʲôʹãЩҲǷţܴҲʡŰϹ˲ǣ
ĪԶԣ˰ſڣҾʹգһһϸϸɾ˻ɩӡ
ҶЦЦһѣ㣬ȥϰɣĪҪ˳š
ĪҲٺ£Ӧһ㳯ȥݻܵð࿴
ӣΪΣ
ؿǼȫµĺɫϸнϸɸɾĺڲ׵ײЬ
˵ûѻģôµģİɣ
޳ϾȻĺʣ˶ĵþʮ㣬ӱѰĴֲҪֻ࣬˸оֵֹģŪôѣ
Īֱԣɩӽҵģѡ
룺˵ҲҴǴҶǸĵŮϽģ
ˣϸһȥ
һĪɶʱϵЦ⣬ε˫ۣ۵ȴЩɡ
ӣý˼ȥŪãΪֻǲ㺮ᣬῴ㡭
úܣ˵λһӻῴĪȾ㣬ǰԼҲǰٰƲĪҵᣬƲĪȾܣоԼ棡
Ѿǹȥˣַǳ뷨Ҳ֮ԺĪɲܣ˸ǰ˵ǰ;źһƶϴʵ˹ĲгϢ
£շ˲˵ë»ӣԼڲܶǲһֱͦ˵ǰᣡ
οѻѸģȫµѣôǲ屣µĶ˻ɣ
ҶŮ˱ʵúܣµȥڣĪ㳤࣬ѱǣԤȸõģĿĿɾ˼ˣ
뵽ﷸɻ䣬һɣŭڡ
ٷϻǲҿ㣬Ǿ˻ҶϣĪȾ㣬Ҿ㣬ٸұҺЩ岻Ů˽ܣĪ룡
Сɱڡϵؿ˿ڣĪˣæҵذϳȥһƲһ֤߱
˽֮£ǧĪҪΪȫӵģҲ˽ˣȥ
̻ܻȥԼľ£ְ̧˰üĶ
Ը˱ʧ򼴱ǰǷģҲԲԼ˺ҶŮϹ
ĪɺܿͬЬһ£ɾˣܳԺţŸԺӵĴŸɩӣɩڼҲ
ҶС鲽ܳӦţˣˣĪֵܣ㼱
һƼĪбŵѺЬӣŮЦһǣ
ĪɺɵذѺЬӳǰݹȥ
ɩӣʵǲ˼¼УδʹҼѽȥ˵ɴ˲ƽЩҹ־Сˡѻɩպãڴлɩӵĺ⣡
ҶȴȥлʲôлҲ̫ˣѸҲ˴˷ѵý͸ɣֻܴţٻ
ĪҡͷʹãҷŽʧܽΪУǶ߲ʹãɩӣĪҪΪң콫ջȥɣٴζлɩӵĺ⣡
üǡôмȥڲ˵ĸ˾޲ĿҶ۽ɨˣ˼һתæѺЬ˹ȥת󣬵ʲô˵һһɡ
һֻƻлĪɣ߰ɣƼá
Īһ£ͷǼˣԵӦһŶұȻˣǣ
ֱȭһҾת뿪Ҷ͵ۿǼפĸˣڳһҵģȥţȻеѺЬ˵ϣü˿˸һžʧؼɿؽŰϡ
ҽյĴţƽǱСԺĪɣԭϲԼͬһ˿صļ
ĪȫȻ֪ԼҲ޶һ·ǣؼҺֺõذŰһԴ˳԰շ뽫װõøš
סҵǲϽǮһҪȥҵԸȥҸѾͷȥС


024 

˵һĪɱһͷĩ֣ӷģΪȫˣӺԸڼһҪౣأǺ¾ȥǱߣͬ顣
ĳ˵ѾˣѿϾʹȥżҡ
ˣ߰ɣĪõȵż
ͷѾ˵îʱһͳĪʱѾ磬Ҳûن£һͷسĪȥ
ӻذɣغš
벻ģ˰֣СԺŹϣתȥĿ
Ըֹ̳˱ˮŽȥһһˣ˿ֲԷֹȥණ
һʰ뿴ʱԼѾîʱ̣Ž¨ϣǣһȥ˹żҡ
ԺײϷԺⲽ
Ƶسкãأ˰ɣǵߣڼ𣿡
üΪ䱸ػһ䣺ﲻڣȥǰɽСˣǾذɣ
ԵظоԼܻӭȴûֻŲȴšüĶ
һȥȡ㣬ȡһȥɽ񣬺ýǮһӲûͷֻҪ׼а취׬Ǯ
žȻҽСȥˣѵֻһɽº뵽ǰľգЩ
ϰʶüͷȻϲᣬŮ˱ŶӲһ
㲻ðڳôһҵı飬Ǹоȥǰ׼ҽǮܶӣҲǰ׼ҵǮб£Ͽ۸һʱôΪβĺƢõϣܳ˭ɫ
㵵ؿϷ߷ߵı飺ãûǸ˼
һ뵽Īɷ˼ҲĸҪǮȫΪóİ׼С㣬޼
˭֪ʲô˼룬Ŵţǰ׼ҽǮҲΪүӡ̫̫Ǳ߸ƵģҪ*үǱû˸ģ
˵תȥˣ°վԺſڶ
СԴףϲǽȥ𣿡
ɿʰԵ޹ʱ飬ŶЦЦûУˣҪȥϢĸҲڼңûһ棬㻹Ǹһȥӱȡɣòã
㣬ĵֱСԴðҪףϲ㣡
뿴ŶϳڴЦݣ˲תãǣСתԺӣ˳żǰ·ڷȥ
ûԶƼսǱ߼˵Ӱ峿̫һ߼һ˵
ûƳĪɻ㻨˼﹩ŸС㣬ͷСѸ
ɲҪô˵˶һӻӣô̺ŮˣҲ
Ӵ⻰˵ˣôû׼ɧ
ԽԽЦ˵᲻ǰҹ̺һߣȻܳȥ̺һ߰ȻҶϼҵѶˣ
ɲ˼˵ѣҲ屣Ĺ
ЩǶڻЩʲôһѻֱյͷ
ǰЩýͷĴ帾Ǻúһ£һ˵һЩ˵ۡ
ڵ°ɣôʱˣأó׳ǣ˼г˼ҵĳ̣ûǰ
˵ĲˣͷȥʱڰߵŮˣӡ
Ⱥ˱һӴʹţ˷ܶʱɢ˸ɾָֻ˳Ʋ
ӣǻӣ⵱˭ҲҲΪòᣬżôЦ˵˵𣿡
ɲզΣٸû׼ͻϭģĪ˵׳ʳҲѽŸûã˭һʯֻսǵʳǮ֣һҵ׶ȥզѽ
ӣͷ˽˭ȥۣ
⸾˵һӾӺȦ
˭ҼܴʵТ˳źҲŵùҪ׳ĩ˸ɲȥȫ䵽Ǽͷϣ治ˡ
ض׵ϣ˫ޣͬܵᵽ־
ͺĪϺһǸһ۸ļͥ
ģŴްֵλŮˣˣʣµĺôҲҪ˵ﻹǣսˣи̣
˺úõĻãȻǶˡ
ӣҪȥӱҰˣȥȥ
ͻȻߵǰһڲס˿ƼҲһĵҺû˵Īɵ£ȻСҪôأ


025 

ֲ̧˰ϵᣬϥվĪɩҪȥҰ˰
һصͷǰȥȥҼλӴɩⶼںˣƺֻûȥǴɺãһȥЩ£ʹӴֶʶҸһף
ŲڣĵԼȥҰ⣬ҶϲģŮļò
ĵغã˵ÿҲˣϱӦ
úúãҺȥڴǱߵҰɣһؼȥȡӾòܸ㡣
ǸϸĵģаߵҲǲͷĪɵЩ帾𲻱ҪĦ
붮ĺ⣬ͷ㳶ǰȥ
ǺãӣҾȵڵ㡣
ѵ׽ܸһͬ飬Ͼǰյһֱ£һȥҰҶٶʹС
Ȼʲôʲô߳ûԶһӰʹӰ˳ͻȻǰ
ͷң꣬ɫƲˣû£ɿϣ¶ƬںؿڣϵĿӾأ˫ľЬӣôô
˲ˣǴеӹ
СӣȥĶӴ޶ĪɵðҲ񣿸òҵضɣ
ſڱǵϷŵǰһĿؿˡ
ԶĪҪֲ
սһƺ⣬ƺһ̾Ҫ§ȥæƤЦڳһµ飬ȴû
ӴӴˣСӣС׺ĪҪŻ磬ҵСŻ˭ˣѽǸ˽ȥˣ˵ջزɣСһ˶ؿչ񲻼į˵ĪҲ㲻ɣ
۾һУΣյؿ֪Ҽ๫˳ǣ˵죬ҹ컯ϷС㣬Ͳұٰ׽ȥ𣿣
ΧȦ
˵СӣƢɱĪǿ׳ö࣡һ𣬻ΪĪɲУҲ͸ԣˬ
һڣ֪ܣ
ֶ߳ܣ˫Ϻɫĺ촽
СӣĪָûѳ˵ǰͷǲңͲҰǵ¶ȫ˽֪
ЦһΪҲãİɣٺô㾹Ȼһ
϶˵һǱ˫乵۾ӲͷƤˣ
ӴСˣ˵ʲôֻòȱˣԲźĺ㡭
û˵꣬ͻȻȥϲһԲͳ֣ŵôһһ
㡭㵱ҿңҿҪ˽ͨ˵ȥˡ
вĻᣬһ˹ȥ
ٺˣŲ֪˭ɣҿǰ׼ҵС㣬ǰҾȥҵеǮɱôĶֻٸ͵ӣûκεҰ֣㻹ҵҥǺǣȰͷ§㻹ôࣿ
ȥںˣҪĶ
ױ۸ͽŵñСҪôһˣ
ɵСȳȥӿӹСһ󺰣̿ˣҪĶ
һӵû㣬ˣټӰѾڮٰû뾹Ȼӳڲ˲ӣ̧Ⱦͳ˹ǼҲҪӣŵ˲÷ֱ淽ͷܣ
˵ûĺôѰ
ʮףҸٵĵطţȥˣסǣ£µԽԽãͳѣ󶪸ף»ٲ
ȴôû뵽ŲźӣȻ׺ᵶ͸ҿ
ӺͰ׷û׷ϱ˲ûӰĹصߡ
밲ȫ䱸״̬С̰
ûˣĪ£ҺüʱӣŶлˣ
ӷ߷ҡͷĪ˵лԽԽˣƽ͵ҵ¸ǹݣȻĿŵؽٵҰˣҶҪúøһ״˵ĵ
ͷɲ¹ٸӱûˣôҿӦñ٣ֱӰ׽úøѵ
̾˿˵ףҪȥҪɱģѰգԹ𷸲Ϻ͸Ļһ
Ҳֻ˵˵һΪ˷ĳЩҵẦôõˮ
ǴҪֻҪӿ֤͹֮ûʲô岻Ǿ͹ˡ
ƿ⣺ӣ˵Щˣ㲻ǺôҴȥҵӡ


026 ͬ

Ȼͬӱߣҵӵĵطֽק
߻ʱ˶ѡ
ҵظ죡ⶫզʹһӾ׽ôЩ㣡
벻ԵõЦʹɣӣͬһ㣿
붼ûô룬ԼֱԼĶ䡣
˵ɶĪɩӣ㵱ϴһ㣿
ش𣺡ȻģڲǼҲȱǮ㹻ӣǾͶýмȥˡ
ӣȣԺһ㣬ֻ֣ܳҵķӣýǶЩĪ˷ָˡ
ֻ֮Ҫ㣬βԵģԵȫȥ㿴Σ
˶ôסˣŰ뵹С¨ӵ㣬ôЩ㣬˵ʮǮһﻹʮǮҪٶ༸ֻӣһǾ׬ϰģ
ڰ㣬¨ͳҲûмȥҲٲ˶٣ƽ׸һ׬Ǯĺûᣡ
Ҫ֪ʱ׬Ǯжѣһӳ˴̹۵Ļһܵʮʮӣһ¨㶼
˵úֻżСӺϱ㹻ˡ
˵һ׬ʮӣҲʵϲ콵˲ţ
˰ΣӲСڣĪɩ㡭Ϊβͬżһ׬ӣҪ˰
һ߽Сͷӣһҡͷ̾
˵ҲãǰҲ£׺żҵģһʱƬǺңͬǽһ£ûҵģû취׬Ǯµ鲻ãҲͬӺż˿ϰҰ֣ҲͲˡ
⻰˵ʵڣӲţҲңÿĪ׾ûģֵռˣ
֪ռòʱҪΪǮһˣҲ˲࣬ȫŬ㹻һ۵ҲǺõģӿɻδȢأ
Īɩѻ˵ˣǲӦǲʶ̧٣һоͶ˵İ죬ȶǱȥȥ㿴ɺã
Ǵ⣬ʹصͷУӣھͻؼң϶ֱӣǰٱֻ鷳£㿴ܲܽǼֵܰȥЩӣҲҰ
˵Ҫӣвͬĵ
ɳɳɣҪЩɣ˵¾ܶЩأֻҪˣС۵ģⶫǲף֣
޷Щ־ĥˣׯ˼ֻǴЩĺã
ЦŰѼƵСӻһѣֽŲ˸õλȥ˳ôӡ
ƼûҪӵˮȵλãһҪŵӵףܷŵ㾭٣Ȼ٣ҪϲͣתĵطǲͶࡣ
ͷҼˣٶ˵ЩֻҪܲ㣬ȫǵס
ЦоʱͰҪʻ͸ֵǮ
ףһæһ˵ֱӷźãűˮı¨
ҸҿӾСĪɩǸˣ
ϲú˿Цãӱңһǿˣа취ܲмȥսһҲӦõġ
⻰ӵģҲӲ˼Ҫôɣ˵㣬µǮٷַ֣Ӳռôıˡ
ҡͷ⻰˵ˣʵûռˣʵ˵ɣҪܽ󣬴ЩһܾͶһ¨ǮѰ˲ʶֻͨˣǸȥҲȻüǮҲŵҪܵöˣһȥسǾ¥üۡ
˵ʵ飬ԸͲ֪Щɣ㵱ֵǮҿҲ̫˰ɣ
ЦΪٲŽѽ˿ܱ㲻ֵǮˡ
ӣҲԡӾ˵İ죬ҪǾó˿ʱԺ˵·ɡ
ӵ˼ǲʧȥһֱȥĻᣬϾ׬Ǯ̫ˣ
ֲ֮磬˼һᲶ㣬ƽҪ㶼һȥ̧㣬ŪľͷɸӣˮԺõ׳һºӣˮɸӲ̣˵̵Ҳࡣ
֯*ӣһСӵʵû˻⾫գ԰˵Ǳ
Ȼ뱾żһģſϵı֣ͻȻЩ˼ҵ*Լڣ
οӺôô˼һĻмżҿ϶ôɡ
ǮҪ׬ű˺һ׬ҪĹ£ҲûҪô
Ȼؼо˲ֹҽ˵Ϳϳְĳֵһ


027 Ҷˣ

һ·Ѱ͵ң±¨תܣȥ˺Ͷһȥ
Ժʰ㣬ҶûϢߵǰͷһ£Ҳ֪뵽ʲô˸к
ӣæʲôأôζ
˵ĹԹԵؽԺӣ㣬вɾȡ
ѽŪôЩ㣿Ҫȥ𣬿ɷҼβþûгԹˡ
뵭Ц̧˵ʲôģɩûٰǼңҲûʲôûرģЩɣȨҵл⣡
˵ű㽫¨ֱץʮװСľȻҶϡ
Ҷæ֣ĳɣ಻˼
뽫ľûϵɩӣǼҲȱԣʳҲ㹻֮ǰɩӽӼãǲˣЩ͵ҵл⣬ǲգǾǿң
֮ô󷽸Ҷ㣬ʵҪǼҳԺȶòٶ£õʳ*Ҷӣ
Ҷ֮⣬εؽľ裬ڻȴûߡ
ӰĪֵ˵ҪѳţҸģ㲻˰ɣҵʱûЩҲͷɻ䣬̫ˣɱ֣
뵭ЦɩǺȷʵɻЩҲɩӶൣ
ҶϹɻ䣬ѿƫͳسˣҪŮ˻ô˵
ȻҶϸ˿ڣ𣺡ҰòԣǷˡ
˵ջһת˵ĪֵҪȥң׼سǣͦԶģɹŻҪдǻز˰ɣһ˴źڼǺ£飿
ȻҶ϶˰죬Ҫ飿ǺǣãҪˣҿҪӣ
ɩӣŻ
Ҷȵ㻹ĪȥǰɽңԼزˡ
ðҶһСѸȻѱ˼ҵ´ôǶĪ˶˼
ɩӣҶãô֪ģ
ҶϹ˼ЦⲻһûϹЩӴ˵
һ˵ǹڴڽ㣬Ĳϻû۸㣬ҲŹ׳ҰĶ
СѸ߿˵ⷬѰ뵱˶õĽһ
ϧĳŮɵ˵Ҷϻ᲻ˣֻԭµʱҲó£
Ҷǰҹ˯ŰѲõſˣĸӷŽȻ׽СԼƺҲϴ˽ͨ
ϰδھܾͷʹӵĶ
ɩӲõģҷſȥңͬүһ״үֵץأץ˷ǵúúýѵһٲɣҲ£
ҶϾˣؿͰ룺ˣ
ͷЦҶǻΪȫаذɣ
һģɩǣ
Ҷϻ㣬ĿһɨϽ͡
ûԵ£°һ˺£Ȼͷ˲ˣҲͷˡҪʲôҪҰæ治ܰӵģ
ЦЦɩӲÿ˵ǱյĽӼֻ֮ܰűǣǳ˻ʱá
ѻ˵óԼҵ֪ͼ֮⣬ǰҶܾǳҪֺô
ӲԵģɶЩȴʮֽ⣡
ǿͰ˵һǮĶֽԣҲͬ⣡
㶼ģҶҪ˿ɲˣµһҲˣһ˶ռݱˣಶ㶼˰׳ԣ
ӵϵ˰һۡ
ѽɲ˵֮ףмɩĹǼңһΡҲˣҪǰĪ˵ɩ˼Ҳод֪ôĪ˵Щ
תͷǸؿҶϡ
ɩ˵⻰㣬ףһСĽӣȴòðºӲ㣬Ϊ
ǼҲ㣬ʳǣһҴСӹǰãòײ˸Ǯ·
Ǵ֪Ͱ͸㣬̰ĵľͻͬҪ˵ǲ
ѱ˵ģֻҪҲͲ׬Ǯˣһ˻öӣҲ̣ǰɣ
⻰˵üֱ̫ˣѾڰޣҶϵľȸ죡
ҶϺ㣬ֻ޲¡
˵öԣҲܰá㿴ʲôܰæģҪȻĲ˼Щˣ


028 һӰ

ҶҲ˼ҪԣĿĴﵽˣǺɫЦ
ɩҲЩлģͿŰɣò㣬Ҿ͹ˣҼϴ϶æҶϱҲ㹻ã
ҶһôˣûٲֵأΪֻõͷ
Уӣ㡭ҾˣʢЩʱٸ͹ǲ˼
ЦرϣɩӲò˼ԸǷ飬Ҳſģ
ȥǳԹҶϸĶ³Уõضʧ棬Լֲ
ҶתԺȥͷ㣬ԽԽ
ֱҶԶŴյСڣĪɩӷ˵ôЩĪ
ЦŸ˸Сӣ⻰˵ÿɾͼˣƫңΪҪ
ǸʶôģǸ˵Сϡ
ѾֵȥˣиСξܸʲô
뿴˿ɫ磬˱¨ɽɣҪЩҪҪҲЩ
ӸϽȰǿûӳԣֿɬҲǰڣǻȥҰ˰ɡ
ûֱͣӴӸƬ͵ߣ
ӿ˿Ƭ׾⣬ҧһڣ̶ȵĳŮڰ׷۾
ǿóԣ
ɼεĿóˣִۣĪ˵ҰˣѰҲûȡ
ݸһֻ¨߰ɣǱ߱˵ҸôŪܽóԡ
Ӷ˵㱳˱¨Сͷٴγš
ֱɽǿ׳İ֣ûʱ¨ӵĿ
벻Դ˿ȥζķҺʾһ顣
һ¨ӵĿϣҲˣຩĺӺһ˿һӱֱϸϴΰĪ˸ĻҪã
뱾һԶٷȴƴˡ
緹ҶϱСڼ׼ˣү˵ҲԲϽԼŪЩ԰ɣȻأ˷ٺСһ
뿴үȸľнվֶ֪ķţһƸȫڣҲûǿ˼ңֻһûȥ˳ʡ
һͳţҲôܸɵŮΪʲôż۸˶ôˣһŮΣ
ߵʱǴ¨ӵĿҲûãֻ˵⼸ԵĲУеģҪɽһڻؼһѣһ㣬̹Ȼˡ
ɽ̫ʵҲûãΣ粻ˣֻõҲһʱƬܻǮĶ治ںֻǶóֺŪҰˡ
ΪЩ׬ǮҲû̫๦ֻԴˣȺֱʣµ׷سһ١
ϸ޵̵⣬һ˫۶뿴ҲоرҸ
԰շûʰ꣬Ժʹ
룬ԹûУҺϱˣȳս̽ôŪȻæġ
붯ɿϴˢ˹ò߳
ҲʰˣͿʼ
Ըȥ֮ǰСľ˹ͷ
ԣ׺̻СҪˣԼһȻֺϴˣطȥ˯
Сӵ˺üͷֱ˵Ҫ˯ҡҡͷ˯Ҫף
⻣ɣ˯Сӱ˯˲ųÿ죬㲻Щ󣬺ףһ𣿡
ɣСӼ£һ˵ҪЩð״ˣϽӦҪ쳤󣡡
һСһȸߵСЦ˳
⺢Т˳
һѶӵͷȥɣȥ棬ʳȥ˯
ҪһĺϰߣԲһĲҾ緢
ǸɵģɻһѺ֣ûһͰļյޱȡ
СȴЩ׾Ҳ̫С޵һˣŸոʮ꣬˵Ҳͦ׳ʵڹǼֹܴȴûӴϸջҲá
뿴β֣ȴŬѧһȸߣͨͨСȴҲ˼ֺøС
СӣͲŪȥˮɣƺ˻Ҫһ²ſһƣϴƣұҲ죬ﻹЩ֮ǰõģǲżŪ


029 

ʵҲˣĪһܹ࣬ٿˣ˷ֹʡ
Сϴظ˿ɩӣˮϴҶԵģƲã˷ˣֻֽ̫
ʧЦǲбÿ˶ۼĪ磬ֵϡãʮ˼һУʮҲֲһͽииı£ˮϴѣҲı£ҾͲϴѣϴҲɾˮҲãͰأ
ֱЦѽǻˣСﶼû㱿ԼԼˣȥˮɣɩӸȱȱˮȱ˾ٵЩ
Сȵõ˰Ͽɣֵõŵǿģվˣɩӣˮеأ
ȻСϱˮĪߵö죬˵ͬͰҲĳһεö࣬ûһͰˮȥˮˣŻŵƬ˱ˮ
ջˮϴر˳ӷûǱŪÿˣַԸ
СҪУͰǰ¨ӵҲʰɩһϡ
СӦð˵궼Ȱ׾͹ȥѱ¨˸׳죬˲˵ʼʰ
룺
˹ȻǸ
Ů˺æһ磬ͷһӱѾ˾飬һֱŻؼҺһȥﰲˡ
˼ƵСֻҪⶨȻкջ
ϳԹ֮հһõݣҪҹٱӣͷԺű˼
˭ѽһȥӦţȸŰһ䡣
ͷҶ͵ӣңҰѰӸϴͻˣ㿪Űɡ
뿪ţҶϹȻСľЦӯӯվ
ɩӰ
ҶȥĴһ£Ƕȥˣ
ӹϵСľ裺ȥˣҪ𣿡
ҶһȦûˣϽЦЦңҾһ䣬Īֵܲһ𣿲ȻҾһɡ
ЦŮ˹Ȼģ
ȴǲɫˣɶڼҲõҪл˸ҾͺʱɩȥкңҲ˻˻һѸˣ
˵Ƽ٣ҶȴͷҲãܵұȻȥˣ˨ãʲôϺңϸš
мسлǾɩˣСл
ҶϣûһͺԺŷ΢죬ǲ΢΢һҶܺãǽͿʲôϷ
ҹɫСгһƬףǰװﲻ̫ƽ
Īͬһʮ·سǣҵ˰׼⣬ȴǶ˶ͭŽգԱСҲص˿Ϸ졣
׸ܸյܵƣдĸ֡
о޴Ҷ״ˣԪλ״д忬֣׸
ݵʯʨӶſɼ̨£к飬̤ɣ
һɵԺǽ϶ɫߣ˿űҸޱȡ
ĪϺЩסˣվǰ˺ð첻ǰ
Īɿ˿ţֿ˿ˣȥŰɣ
ĪϺ˿˸ͷ֣ǰסӲӵŻߵ¡
ʣ𣿡
ͷ㴫һŭ𣺡ʲôߵţߵ׼Ҵţûأ
ĪϺʵش𣺡ǰ׶ү׼ҺŮλС磬ܷţǼҶүġ
ͷС˾ȵطһ䣺˵˭ǼҶү׼ңޣǹ죬үеģǰɣ
ĪϺһƬȣȴӽͣСĪǲֱү䣬ֻ˵ЩǼ޵ɽİСķҡ
ػͷŷס˰βŵһ䣺С޵Ǽң
ĪϺӦһǣСǽȥ𣿡
ŷС˲һ˵ȥͽȥСһңҲõȥͨ
ĪϺֻõлǾСȥͨһϺлСˣ
Сֺһ˭֪ļٵģһðǼҹүǰᣬȥͨҪүĴ𣿡
ĪϺ̲סˣС磬˵Ҳƭǰ磡С磬Ϻ㱣֤۶˾Сķ͹
С˲мغߺӦˡǣҵŰɣ治ˣ


030 ү

ͷ̤̤ĽŲ߿ˣĵվš
˭룬δʱһֱ˴ʱͷûĪѾҪվסˣǲǰߵţߵС˵ŭڴ˳
ôδߣǼү˵ˣ޳ȥĹŮóȥˮûݣϽߣ
Īˣλ˵ȷƲΪûϢŮˡ
ĪϺȴģС磬ͬү˵һСļˣԲðģ
ĪסĪ˵Щˣ˼Ҳۣ˵ôûá
ĪϺһźʱ˾Ǻãǽ費ǮֵܼͬһȥѽɳǾǾһ
Īǰ˵Զ۰Ͱ͵ضǵ۵Ĵţֻ΢ֶ
ǰͬ˵ˣоȥ
ĪϺȼһ˿ϣܳǲϹѽ
ĪӲͷƤͷܳɣ˵ˣֻҪ˵ӣﶨæģ
⡭Ҫڲˣ
ĪɳĬ
ĪϺ̾˿ү˽ȥլվףǲܻϱ
Īɵͷ˵öԡǺã𣿡
ĪϺ׼Ҵţ΢ϣȥ
ٵһȰɣˣҲһʱ̣Ҳүš
ĪɽӿڣҲǣѱСˣûиͨ˵Щ컰ǡ
⻰ĪϺѾʧȥʵ˲ָֻһ˿
˻ɰϿɻǮ
Īҡͷ뽫Ǯڼˣ˼ղ׬ģˡ
ĪϺϱƽ
Ȼү뵽˿СûõôԸæͨȴ˭ҲûаӶֻվɵ۶
ǾٵȵȰɣôİ׸ܻ˳ŵģʱٺú˵˵
ĪϺڰ׼ҴŶĽĪҲ߶¡
үֱ׵Ŷˣ׼ҴԾɽա
ǿһ̣СҲˣ׼Ծûֶ
ǣүһֱ׵˶ҪʯסˣҲپý̡
ɫһһְȥĪɶ˶ӻͳѹ˵ӣһ
ҶŵģҲһɡ
ĪϺ뵽ͷԼĳϱ˵һĻƻضӻ
ҲԸԡ
ԶȳԣĪɻٵȥϸһѩ׵ӵ˵ϣɢˡ
⡭ġ
ĪɰϵǸСﻹһ԰ɡ
ĪϺѵʿˮӻֻӲױģҳ
иԣĪûټְ֣͵ԼߣҧһڣҪ׼ҴͻȻ죬ŷʹӿţһдαĸ׳ʵĽη̧˳
һżõļͳŽδʵү֪ȥĸǲ
˰󿪿ڣĸѽ
ϸ˼Ƭ̣ȥдɣ˵ա
˲ӦһţǾдҲ֪ղϾʵûúܣ
άЦүļǴүҵԪСϢأֻҪ˺Ϣһ׼ϾܽҲϾ
̾Ҳ֪ǼǳϢĴСʱܻϣҴ绹ָŸ̺ϾҶඣ
æƨү׳꣬ϡ
һ·Ƶ˳֣۳Ҫ߹ȥˣĪүȴΪ̫ãð
ɰȥΣٻٻ
ĪϺϾĪ׹ӦҲҪǿһЩĪɻվأѾǿ
Ϊ˰հ׵ȣĪϺݲݽδһžͳ˳ȥ
ֻҲòᣬһûãֱһ˵˽ǰ鼱аѸη°ڲ㳶ȥһƬ
ηЩ۵һ˽ӣͷ˲ʱ䰦ӴӴУŵһְԲúĪϺĺϡ
ĪϺʧɫȻ죬ǰֵýƶû˵İ׼Ҷү
ˤòᣬ˫ϥǣѪӿɲǼӸͷ˴
󵨽лӣôĶˣȻ׶үĽҲˤүʮҲⲻ𣡡
ʹŭųףĪϺϾһţ߷ڽǰ
־ʧعȥүѽɻãƽ׽ýײĵϽлӳײʵǿɺޣ
ôӵָ̧ۣסĪϺ᣿ϵһߣĹȣ
󺰣ˣûүĻ𣿰Ϲײȿȥ
ĪɾһӼżһӰ׸ֱ˹ȥҪߣæߺ
飡ҵǽлӣС๫ģл˵Ƿſҵȷſҵ
æرǰ뽫ĪϺϼɷץסһ𰴵ϡ
үһӣ


031 

ƼĪɣһŰܼع
ӣһùͷһȥ򣡡
ĪĵãǴȣôչӺ
СذɣСҪĽӣʵŷۿͲϸͨҵŲҲºŻҵӣ˾ˣϣЩ˷ſҵɣ
ĪϺҲǷ׼ҹСķˣҸղŽһ£ҪţĪҪȮӣС๫
ȴŭָ̧סĪϺĪɣſڴƻƵĶҺúýѵѵҿǻҲҺȻͱүݣߣ
˲ĪҸ׼ңЩ֣
ĪɺĪϺôҲûãүֵļ͸ϵ·ߣڵϣ
Īɰ˼£ͷۣ۳Ƕֱ̧ûٿһ۱½̧ˡ
֪æĪϺȥסĪҪҵҪҰɡ
ĪϺԼĶҲ֪ӲĪѹ£ػסɣҪˡ۾Ͳ
׼ҵļ͵׺£һ±һأ
йͷϵĪϺʹϢԽԽ
ŸǹĪĸξѹŤͷ쳨µѪˮô󺰣ĪҪˣٴҪˣ
ĪϺѾû˶׼ҵļҲܽ˴ˣ֣ͣȴûֻţʮسűòҲ̶õү˼ڿˮ
ҪҲܵ׼ݣҿǾˣϽԶ㣬ĪټǣһδһΣֱΪֹ
һڶ˶˼ţŹ˰׸¹
Īɷ˺ôų𣬱Ҳ֪ĪϺޣ
Ǻοա
ƤһԤвõ۾
ԺͻȻͨһƺʲôԸߴһסһϵľӡ
һŲߵ⣬һѶ̵ŷϵͷ˨
ŵߵŲ࣬϶۴ֵľš
˼±˨֨ѽһƿţһֻľЬӵĽ˽ǿųͷ̽ڡ
һڿϵĸʱ˾ڵﲻѿڶҵظԹԣôôЩˣ
ûϳӺСˣֱǺϱʹһƶϱ⼸ŮǸϼţ˵ļ
ȹܷӦʹһȥľأ֮ǲſصʪһӵѸĶ񺺴ڵأ
ö
ץ˸ˣ
ɲζûӰ벻ʺȻҳĪɲڣҹ˼Ҽֱ̫ȱˣ
ϸҪǴˣˣ
һӽڵصĹһʵһߵس
ţԺͻȻһ죬ûƬ̱ˡ۵һ߿Ժţһڴ˸߾ٻѳԺӣȻֱţһƾҪͷ
һŮʱͷЩżϣ
⡭ôˣ
ǰ׽׽ڣδ뵽Ȼ׽һӸˡ
ЦҲʣҹôЩ˴Ҽ
ɨϱһĹǺݳһ£롣
øϣڵģңò˽ͨЩ׽Űɣ
ȰشӾͳޣһڡ
㻹Ķӣôˣ˼ͻ˼СϱǸʲôӻĸϹ˹۵Ļ˽ͨϱῴ𣿣
첱Ӵ֣ŭ⣺ϣٸҺҳƤһԣҳ㣡
ЦңѽƣôҵģĶӾô۸帾ѽһһưҸ˶Ҫûûˣ
Ҳ߿ؿѽǵҪһүǶô۸Ů˵ģ
˭׽ģ˭ѽ˽гôһúƣһĻͳ˺˽ͨļҲ䣿
ԺһȺĴˣͷ֡
ҶϼȺӳӶʣզˣĪֵܽϲڼңզˣӳʲô𣿼զ˵


032 

ڿѯʣȴ䶼ᴦĥ
˰ΣС׽飬׽˹
ҶϰڳһľȣɣӾȻĪֵܲں͹ͨ飿
ϴ󣬽ΧһȺ˻Ļ
ǻ£ͷüСϱڡ
ҶƤӺݳ˼£⡭ô°
ƺˣĪɲڼҽй룬Ȼ˽ǰ׽飬ǿ˽ͨ׻ٵ
Ϊ̤Լ˵ֻҪ˲Լ˽ͨҲû˻ţֻᵱΪ׽˼ⱨѪˡ
Ϊ˳ʵʩպǻŻСľƹֻڼңô
Ҷջʱʵͽ徹Ȼ˿ڡ
ϱҲͷأģҪϵĲûɣɩӸ浽
үӲǽдץֻ˻ͷúܣʼûҵ
ϵĹϴиͽϱͼĳ治ǸȻĪ׽ˡ
ôһͣڶжʱоζˡ
ôʹ׽ˣѲõģ
Ǹɫߡ˵Ҳգ
Ҷƫ˷ǣԼæ죬Ժӣװδ
ûһͱＸӲǱӵسӡ
ӺϱһһңѹҲһ˳
ЩүǾֻпֵıӶ׽סŮ˶֣Ҳ˼վӣ
Ұ֣˵˽үӺú÷䣡
Լϱæǰȥѹӵš
ɤŶԺ˺һɤӡ
ΪŮ۸ҺҶϱԺˣ˻֮ǰҿĸĵĹ۸룿ûµ˶Ժӣ
Ѿƹˣ˻ȥôأҲû˭ƽӣǺˮһԺӿȥûĪСԺĴŸˣ
˳ȥԺֻһϨĻѸӣ߳⣬ʰһ㶪˹ȥﻹ߶
ĸɥ˵ôȱ£ƽ޹ʴ˼һԺӵĻѣ˻ȱ˰˱ӵĵ£ž͵ӣõ
ߺЩѸ˴򵽣һ亹¹ȻżһЩˤʺòסͷ뻹ʰѸˣ޵ðĥ˼ºӿŲԺӡ
Ǻ磬ѸӸ۾һ߷ɵԺյϡ
ֵλӣŶлˣҪڣҪŻˣ
ӿޣһӴãȻ⹷û׼ˣ
룺Ҳ´׼ҿʱϰЩʦ̹ôԸˣܽһӴΣ
һû뵽λˮ黨Ƕһ˶Ṧ
ϱϱ˶ɢˣҲͰǡ
ҲˣЩЪɣȻˣһɽȥ񡣡
Ī
붯ɿװСˡ
ŵÿжλ׳ЩûȥȰɡ
ƽãҲģ˿̾Ȼյôлһǿĵ£ȻŽӹ
Īɩա
ϱ㣬ЩȺĳŮ˵õվͲˡ
밲οسЦЦӷģһ̸ǵģʱǾѧѧΪֹ
˷ˣӱǣѧ˱ôܻǮ˱ߴӾҲ̡ܶ
ˣСǰ±ԺţִڵЩҪֲֻ̣ýľɱͷһ㣬˲ŲݲЪ¡
һҹ޻˯ȴҲ̤ʵһ󷢻ţò˯ţμԼѪһĻʻþոշǰһܵؾѡ
ԺսӾҲҪѣ˶ӶЦûѻ˯СӲ˵
ͽС˯ţٽؼҳԷȻȥүٽȥ￴ûв㣬԰շһɽ
֪żĳɹҲûţȥˣԼϴ֮Ҳȥ緹
СʱѾ˷㣬ҲˣСѣһһСͬʱݡ
ɩӣأ
Ժиͷϱտڣ̧ͷ˯ɵСҶӡ
ؼȥˣ˵ǳ԰շһɽߣ÷࣬԰ɣϴð̣ҵøϽӱ¾һŵˡ
Сǲ˼³ԷģҪµӣԹԵȥϴԷ
ϵãҪȥϴ֣Ժ㴫
룬Сţ


033 ˣ

תȥţͼЦָ˺ʹӣͰԺӡ
ѽҲ̫ʹˣƣôһֻӾ͵ôЩ㰡
СҲ˳ԺΧľͰԱߣֻͰＷ㣬޲ĵֱ
ߣ䣬ͰﳭһѣͰǣĲ٣
ֱһֻҲҸλµɣ׽סˣΪ޶ʧöЩС
һ߽˺ͶӰ㵹׼õĴľͷ㣬һӦš
ģȥͽмСĵӱ߶ţ֤˰۵ȥ
ʰ˸ľͰװˮһҼ㶼ͷͷһβģѾɽصˣСģܻһӡ
һҪܶһȥٶϼֻ㲻һھ׬ĪҪͱ۵Ǯ
˵ĪѾȥ˰׼ңֲõԤУĽ費
ҾӣҲҪģ׬Ǯ±ӽ
֮µİ㽻ҸӣǾȥˣϾ̫༷һ˾͵óҲǮˡ
ӵͷԸˣؼȡƣʹӻŰ㵣ȥ
ôһٳ극ʱĸСĺҲˣӸոʮ϶壬һվԺУָӣôµȻôű͵
밵࣬ҲǸˣôȫкѹôСϱ
ӣ򼸿ڴ׻Ȼ㲻÷ţ˾ͻˡ
ΪȻǽҪ£ȽүŪˣҪǻȥ嶫Ҥ̧
˵պѧĸߵԺſڣϱϵ˹õǣҼа峵ۼܸ
ϱҲŸͣҼҵˮҲһ飬һɣ
мΪѵؿӣͷһҲûС
ӻȻһǣԭ¶ưΪѵģײĲʮһڣҪڣǮȥ
ʮָмǿллˣҪڣҲɡ
һۣڸǮӻеģ߰ɣھȥ
ǣĸкȥ˺ӱߣСڼҿţĸһȥ嶫Ҥȥˡ
ҤһȫǸˣٰѸ׸ˤˣǺĵûԼ峵ǽӰѸ׸͵˴׵ж˸ǰ
ӵİ½ǼڴŸŲԺ֮˱¨һɽȥڿڻָ֮ϺϱľϽһôȥӵĿζǱһӣֱͷϼ˲Ÿظȥ
ֺǺֹˣ߰Ϣһͷ챻ȥ﷢ĹӱϭĵĹٲֱӸˣүˣͰʮһʮǮ
ӵĸ˾˵붼˼
㻹ͦģҾٶϼӰɡ
ӴͷҶ˼࣬ҲãҪ׬ӣǼҾٳһۡ
뵱ȻļУףֻǵһŪ̫㲻ȻҾٶ༸ӣҲϣܾ׬ЩǮ
˵þ͸ɣظԸСԾȥ봦ˡ
Сϱ治ϧ˾ȥˮˮ׻ӲӲǲ˰ĴҲˮ
ϺľûҲ˹Ͱѧ𣬿Ҳȥѧ˲ô򵥣ֵı෨״նܸӣǿ˰죬ѧףֻ÷
ҲԼ̵СľӣСѧӲǰҸӸȫˡ
Ǿűӣֳָ˵ЦҲ֣
ҲŴϺľϿе֪Щ˶ڴҶϵ⣬ҪСѸӱܱۡ
˶ڻ٩ôȥҸýˣǼҵĶҲ˵һ˵
ʵƲҶϵģ˵мҲŮ˲Ǳ˻Щˣ˴
ȴĵܳҲҶҵû׼ܰЩ
˵ʱ÷ɿ죬ֱӣбҲҪ׹ɽˡ
ҪؼңԺͻȻһ
ˣˣĪˣ
һϲպÿڵӾܡ


034 ȫԹ

˶źڷӿȥԶͼĪ˫ֳһֲӣļϣļѵʲôĪҷߡ
кĵĴ庺ϱ˹ȥĪϺԵòӽһļľͷϷ
ôŪѽ
ǰɣ㲻ȥɼ𣿡
ǡ
Īɸûش˵Ļһ·سǰӲ˻ͺľ¼˰ˣˣһͷԵ˵ϣ
ǿĪϺҰܵɫ߸ɺԵѪѾ϶鲻ãĪһҳһŶ
庺æ˼ܵĪңҲܵſڣȥǿֵȺû˱ͷһӣ
䱻죬ȻŶӵǰϡ
ÿ๫ģ
ϰֲãŭĿ㻹˼ʣúõĳţȴǰ׼˵ʲô£ĪôȢôһ
ּͷ𣬸ƹȥ׳ʲô£Ī͵бһѾס졣
հ׵ģҵҪи̣׼Ҳ˵Ҿ
ѰǻˣͷĪȾصϾһڣҧɿ֡
ǲ𣬿СӾȻҵڶɩӵĶֶţ۸𣿣
Ҳŭ˱ɫĪһ
ɩӣ׼ʲô캦£ֲģ㳯׵£
ĪҲʶԼöԽ˻ɫǺյ˵㴫ĪɵĿ
Ѱ㲻
˲ٺĪɼƽϣǿݣһƼĪֱͦͦľϣ˹ȥһٽŵ
๫๫ôﲻۡ
ʣĪȥǲܻش𣬲ڰǰͬ游ѧ˼ҽȫһֻˣЩϵƤˣû˼ǣ޴󰭡
Ǳ߿Īڱ޺ĪҲݳ嵽ǰһʹᣬдȰǸϽȥУֵ۶ǾǺޣ
ô밡ǮȫĸȥˣһҲûС
ĪɵĻҲһĬ
˰ѶͷϵĺתǰĪϺѰȴĪɺݺݵס
㻹ҵȫǰ׼˸ģúõĳȥ˳
ҲҲܵôܵˣڵϦ뿴𣿣
ĪɺĪŭԹޣǱʹؾš
һȸһ¡
Сֵ֣ûĪϺ
ⲻ֪һһɲ죬˺أǵѧҽǿ϶β˵ģ
ɣУ˭Ͻϵҽݡ
Īɱ߽ӵصôȥУ
Ͻӿڣ׼ҵСж౾£˭˵ȥУб㵽ȥѽ
뱻һҭȦƲסغˡ
ãȥ룡ܲҲҪֻſޣǮ̫̫ȥˣǾ뷨ȥҪЩѽڻʲôǱȾȵҪģ
Īӱÿһ٣Īɲ˰ᣬɿܳȥͬʱĪǼֵĺȫһ˸ûӰ
ҲתߣϽ׷ȥ
ѽȥɲС£ˡòǮΰ˵Ī̫̫ǳֻȥҪǮȥҲȥ
ĪȥҪǮҲұʲôϣúܣôصˣҲ֪ҪǮұָܻʲô̶ȣ
Ǵ˿ܲôֻ֪࣬ԲλˣܲҪĪĪɽԹĪҲ˱Ͼȥ׼ҲŪ
ӡ
һˡ
ǼͳӣչģҪǼþȥɡ
һᣬ͸ˡ
ݶˣǮҺܿͻỹǣ
һѽ
ɹ򲻵ã㣬ҲȥˣҪڣһŮҹ·ȫҽֵһˣн
ͷмظһܻؼңȥУתͷܻĪҡ
ĪɻûѣԺԺ۷׷ףⶼڲ²úõү˵ȥ׼ҽǮôͰػˣ׼ҲǮգôأ
һߴˮĪɲϴһ߰Դȿܷ¡
ǰװǮ𲻴Ҳǳŵүһë֣
ƽСöȶҪ˿ۣĪȥǮ̫ˣ
ôһλĽǮأһΪѾǸǮ޳ȥĹóȥˮŶȥ̺ôǸܵġ
ڵҪΪʲôûֱֹĪȥǮ


035 

ҲĪҲϾһ֮õ⣬ֹֻӣ
һλȴСӻᣬҲ˵ʵʵİ취ʵǽ
ĪҪҡεϹͷˣصġ
һ䣬ȴϵŭӣ
è޺Ӽٴȱ˳ȫģ
̲סôҺģΪ˲ȥۣôˣ
㡭ϱ׵һ粵ǰ׼̫ĸôôƵۼңҲȥ׼ҽǮ˳㣬㲻˵ȥ𣿻տ˵׻ǰ׼Ҿûһˣ
룺
Ҳ֪С̫г˵ҲԼȥӣɻǸо油ƫ
ѾȥˣܲԼ˿ЦܲȰͷЩ˶ߣѵԸ⿴ôǼң
ϢˣȴԲô룬˫һֱ׳
δ£ʲô۵ģҲóռбˣһ˵ĴСۣ
ʱд͵ڳ£װʲôˣ
룺ĺŮ˵һȥԱ˿ڡ
û˵˰ɣ룬òǰ׼˸˵ģĻ˭Ҳԭ㣡
ϵôߣ벻ü
ջϱ£˿֪μҳʱһС
˵Īǳ£˺صˣûǮУеӣǿЩȥϲаɣҪţ
ҶڶߵĪֵǰŸСɰϡ
ӣǮȥ˸ϽȥС
ڵպĪһɥػϵĺɰ嵽ǰ
Īɶû˵㽫ɰ£˫ҶһҾɩӣǾǮȾشȫлĴ£ʶ꣬չ˺õϾȥС
Ҫߣס
²ֹĪɣĪҲŭˣŲȥУ𣿣
ĪҪΪҴ㣬ǾͶҪ㣡
ûǺֻѻظһ飺ҷѾȥϰæУҲӽˣҪɩӰæ
ĪЦһ˭ĹõԵһô㣿
ţһӣ뷴һԱܹ󲽳ӡ
ӷŻؼҼӳŷûû֤ոսǮҲȥС
뱻һȺָָֻۣۣ
Ҷȴǰڳһ⣬ֽס
ӣ㲻ΪĪǷҵ飬ûϵģǮĪһҲûϵҪ׻˵һʤ߼ֻڸԼƻ£ѹûҪǻǮҰġ
ˣŮһǣȴڰָΪ뻹ǮԲԸȹҶϿǿڲ£
ؼҶʱܳǮ˵ûĿֻԼţ䵱ҶϰĿתĪʱǽһ񺮣
Īֵܻðɣ˵һ·ĪϻģسôԶɰ˸ۻ˰ɣ
һתҶǰ˵ͲɩӷˣĪҵǮģһһֲٵĻ㡣
ҶЦ˵ЦˣҾǿĪҳﲻ̣ûָҪǻǮ
Ҫ֤ǮỹͷͻȻǮϺСĪȾɣĿ
ǲŴǰɽǮһﻹЩʳ¾ͳ齱ˣĪϺʧ
ѽôŪ׼
㲻ҪѰɣɣˡ
һʱӶǴ̶ĲҺȥѸڵϦ˸ҡˣǰ
СãĪҪޡ
Ǯ͵תͷ˫ͨؿ˵ô£
뱻ס
Ҳþô£Ż˾ˣӡ
˵Ҷϱǰһ񣺡ӣĪҪģѾӸֵܣȥϸˡҲĪҪӵ׼ҴԼҲû׹ŮŻ˴Īֵܡ
룺Ůװ˼
ǮϺ޵Ѫ˿ּһ㣬ָס룺ҹϹȥ
üŶҲ̫˰ɣҶ仰ͽԼ޳


036 


Īɻл˹һѾӣûڣֱҪԼߣڳŲסˣɤӺһ
ʹģֻ̫΢һǰˣ͵ػ
๫๫ˣûﲻ
ĪסС֣˵һ䣺㡭
һӱÿƲסȦ
๫ҲãҾͲýȥ
ĪҡͷûϳǲŽ˴ģ㣬˵ȥȥҲ˵㡭
ҶϾǰү˴ǣ찡òǲӣ˴İɣ׼˵᣿ԸǮ㲻裬ܽѽ
ǮϿҽٳͷԴһ˵ǰһѽǿ
ø׼ҡøǮƵĴɣģ׼ҵĹŮǼҲƴ㽫ǲ̺ˣҲ̺ˣΪƽ״Ͻߣ׼ȥ
Ī˺ôȴֻǻľͨһǮǰ
ûдҲͲ£
⻰۵Ҳ̲סһžµһȥˡ
๫
Ǯϻ־͸һƣźʹĪҶ׼ҵǲҹ
̧סƵٰ㲻ζ
˾ҪĪɺúùӵģΪʲôֳ
Ҷȴ²ǰַŶӡ
ӣĪҪӵ˵׼ңǰүӲ׹ŮҲ͸˼Ĵ׼ҷֽĪˣҿѹûаպù
סᣬ俴ɩӣ㵽˵ʲô
Ů˿ڿ˵׼ҲŮԲ˵ûҪʲô׼ҵС㣿׼Ҹںʵûпɽ
ҶһαƵḧı
ӣɩΪ㱨ƽңıһҪ
˵ǴĪ壬Īֵܾɱ֮ѽ㻹ܺĪֵܺúù
үĴ׵Ϊ£Īôԭ㣿
ΰ׼۸˻д˳Цԣ׼ôڿ㣬ӣǺÿôĪҼĪֵܹأ
ǮϹȻֱ̼ˣɩӣ˵ûǼûԭɥǣ
ȢǼҴͿˣĪҲð׼˵£һӳеۣ
ͷӸҪȥ׼ҽǮҲǴΪ˲輸Ǯͽ׼Ҵĵ
룬ĪҵСôƴֵĴС㣬ŹǼҴɰɣϽ룬İ׼ȥ
ĿɨǮϷŭҶϣǧرܿߣɿתȥǮϡ
ӣĪҪѾˣӸ˼ҵ⣡ҲĪҪôĪ壬Ҷᾡȫæκģ˼Ҽ࣬ò˶þܺ
Ǯŭ˰һۣҧӿڣ˵ûǲŲа׼˵⣡õģɩӣÿ㣬һ˶һӵģ
ҶЦЦĪ˵ô£ⶼӦõġ
òᣡѾǮҳҲȥˣҶϾȻ·ǽĪ
๫ָҪȥĪɣͱǮһƻ˹ȥ
ĪҪҶ
ĪɷżԼһѾ۵òᣬμŮ˵飬Ҳ岻ϿڣҪ룬Ŀϣ
βң˵Щȫ޻̸֮ȿȿȣ
˵һζǺˣһԣҪȥǮٶȰԸĸ
ɣЩ
Īɹ¸첲ӣ֣Լ˺ôŰľվǣϰС֡
ͽˣ룬ߣۻؼҡ
һ˶ס
Ҳģ๫ǵٻذɣ
Īҡͷˣݲ㣬ݲңߡ
ǮϣТĶ
۳ҪĪɣϽȥǮϵһƲ᲻شϣԭδԶ񷽲ųһôء
ЩԳ׶ӺʹϱٹȻͬն
ĪȴǽŵУϽСӣ۲ۣٴһ£ұԼ£
Ǯϣˡˣҹܲˡ
ҶϸϽȰֵܣΪãӣĪɵǱ׼ҴԴ
ˣҶϣΪ˭ĪңΪǮͳĪҵˣ


037 Ǽ˭

Īɲ﷢ŭ㿪ڸͣ˵öԣĪңɩӣģǮ㹻ˣô໰ΪǼ˭
ҶϱڵʵöʱȦһ죬̧ס˳ȥҡҲԣҶˡ
ǮϾ˱ߣ̧Īɣּһ԰ףôΣ²ȥ֣һȣ׷˳ȥ
ĪϺĪҾҳһŶô˿֡
ü֪»û꣬һĪɣ˽סĴƣֺĸоĳŮġ
๫㻹һ°ɣĪŻؼң˿أҷӽӣǵ߲٣ڣǲҪҶϰæ
ĪĻм־ȴֵ֧صͷ
ãǾ͵иƹٻءӣΪˣ
ᶨسһۡ๫˵Ҫúùӣ˵㻰ҵʲô£ң
Ī뵽ڰ׸ǰһĬĬҧҧ
ܰүûϳǲŮĪɶףǱƲû£ȲΪӵȥˣҲÿɫⶾ
ĵգ۾๫кܲʹ죿
ĪҡͷΪֻǾáԼû£˼ˡ
һ仰ȴǧأίΣƵһ
ͻȻʹУ˿ųܣ˭֪жٿࡢίֱ˶٣ȴȫȻ˵ֻԼĬĬţ˳ŪأӲͦ
ܽԼԶ
๫ңһжġ
Īѵûǵͷɰ׵ĴţڵĽëĵɫһƬҵ
ӡ
鸴ӵؽľϡ
๫˵
Ī̾˿һָЩȥĸǱߣܲҪЩǮ
ҡͷȥˣֵѾȥûõġ๫а취׬Ǯ壬ֻȸˡ
ͷкЩµĴĪ׬ǮףҲûٶʣ˴յȥ˿ĪĿ⣬ֻ̾
ĪҪңĽ赽ӸУ㿴
ֻʣĪҼˣøһ£ĪɺͿ޵˫ۺ׵ĪСɣƬ̡
¸УȰҶϵӻ˰ɣĪҪǷģҵǮһỹֻܸˡ
ذѻ˵꣬ĪСȴû
Ҳ֪ûٶ˵ǷԸһȾǣȥѴȥɣǼҵ£ĪҪ˶֡
ĪûֱĪҪȥסԼһڴεĴ磬ȥѴԺӡ
ʼվһ˵Ƕ԰ɣȴûٿڣֱҶ֮תϱ˲һǰ˰룬Сμ
ǮԴȥһȦٻЩأʱüһ۰Īɣȴûٷ
һ˶֪ĪϺƾΣ˰ѣûҶֻصȡ
Һù죬ҵĳһ·ȥϵģֹ֮¿и˹
·Īɣ¿ͽжһˣԼںͷ߻
ԣнŵĪɣһ˶԰˵ȥеɡ
ûЩֻпĪϺΣ
Ҳһкʱüͷһ˰亹
ĪϺֽϢţ˺ðβҡͷڡ
Ҳأ߹Ҳ˺ü˾͹صˣؼˣθػɲС°ɣܾȣҲʵǣǾȻˣҲûӹá
Ǯ˵ɣҪΣûЩӣεĻжЩʱգ
̾˿ѾˣεĻǰա
ĪҶʱһƬʣӸаᣬ϶۾ᣬСŵٰ㲻̵ģ
ȴǺɵؿڣΣΣ
ǮϵһۣǵΣ㿴ôβʡЩǮǼʵǡ
źͷǵľҪֻ뱣Ҹǿӣץϸʮʮҩиʮҵܱס
ֻǼ㱣סθ֮Ҳ²Ī˵ػ̩ҪԴﶬܷ֮Ѫǵ׼Ҳˡ
ǮϴվУ˵㻨ʮΣҼͷҲû𣿡
еͷû취Ҫ볹κˣûһҩǲܵģҵǺҩ˵ʮֻǸˣѪס
һ׻
һҩǵöӰ
̾˿Ī˵Ǽ䱣ֻҪպͬ˵Ĵ硭
ûֱԣ˭ףû˵Ļǵʹ˷ˡ


038 û

ǮɫصϣתͷϰˣԸᡣ
ԣ³͢ڵۣǼôЩӣǮƽ
뿴ĪһȻģһᣬϿڣУֻܿӰɣȱסҵ˵Եġ
пһֿۣ˿ǮϣҪ
Ǯϳɣ˿ɣֿ˿ɣٿͷӣԾǾˣǱĶӲս
Īɼ￴ԼϽһ䣺ҵΣǮʡ¸ƽȴҵԸȥӾ
ĪҲŹϽӿڣҵֻҪҵţȥӾʲô˵ģ
жˣеֱ
У㿪ɣЩҩǮţҺܿȥ
ǮӣڵͷɣǵҲܹ
мһ˴˹ʶǷɿд˷ӣȻȴҩȡһЩҩϸǮô壬ֽӽĪɣԺԼ˳㽫ҩץ
ӣȥ͵ҩֻҩһһҲ˵ǵ֮ٴյ㹻ӼĪϺץҩ
˳ָĪһ£üͷ˵ӿ̫ˣ̫з֮࣬ٲһ·£Ͻúõһ£ûˣҲö٣
ǮǱڵãͷŭУ־ֳ˰һ⡣
ɥǣɧӣǲ뺦Ҳһ
ĪһұӣۣϽ˻ڻָ̧
ǮϷŭذ
ɣɵĻû꾫ҪҪ㻹Ҫ㵽ʱ
Ī֣ٴΰһԲİ§ػ
ûң鲻Լ⣡
Ǯָס㡭ûϢûŮ˾Ͳܻ𣿣
ĪŰ㿪ԶԶġ
Ӳ˵أҪҵûҵûңĪ˵ǣҡһ᲻ˣ
Ǯ첱Ӵ֣ɶӲģҲûУ
úúãͻɣ㻤û㣬ҸҩȥϽҹ
Ī˰ߣȫﱻ۸
ʼղһԣҲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ĪɵǱͿȷʵɵģ˵ǰǸٵô˵ûһ޴ӱ⡣
ĳеάȻжرظжҲɵӡ
ͬʱҲί׼ҸɵĻ²ܹɣǮˣ˭ãôôݲ
ĪĪϸݵӾһΣӲŵѾûˣɫҲòҰײҰף麹ֱð
ͷһ˲ȥԼϽ˼ܵԼϡ
๫ۻ˰ɣߣۿؼңҸŪԵģúò
ĪȷۻˣԼ֪ƾŹʲôӲϵʮ·˸ϻ˴ӡ
ӣҺöӡ
βżһ仰ˣһַϸݵһֳڼϵ֣ŬŲ
ĪѾͦסˣӿʼſգǰڣ۳ҪΣӶѹ˰ϡ
ݣǺܸߣǼҲһʮ볤С磬￸סҧżסǰߣȴĳгιȥʱЩѹ
òװ֧סˣȴôϲˣ֪Ǻʱǡ߻Ÿոջصҵҳӡ
һģϽǰĪɷȥ
զ£զ͸ܳˣû˰ɣ
Ĩ˰Ѻҵãп˷ӵȥץҩˣǲ¡ղŻأǶˣӣ鷳ǰҰؼȥ
˵ͺĪҷ
ǿ̫ˣټҴӣû̫Ͱͻҡ
СѾȼˣǣҪſڣȥˣǼң
ź๫ˣСϱĵ˶߰Īͻݣߴʸͣ
ӿԺлֻõӣľǽһ˷ѣ±㿪˿ڡ
밡Ұֻûȥˣٽүȥﵹ㣬ҲһϣǵÿЩ׬Ǯǡ
ͬȴûɵüСģڵģĪ
ӴЦ㲻õģҼү˵²ɣӴСˮԿɶõúأҪôĸҷǳȥӱߵ㣿
Էġɣӿذɣɻˣﲻ£ʵ鷳һˡ
ֵĪ˵ЩǶԸˣ
ж˶ԸˣѵôĴ
ӣģҲҪ컹ҵǮҪǼ׬ǮǶȥۣ


039 ĸα

ᶨ֣ã㣡
ǳţٹʱ˵һ䣺ȡҽǡ
æӣôˣûǱ߾ǣңҲͬ㣡
ǿĵЦˣɣǶģҾͲǹСˣŰɣϽŪЩóԵģĪҪ˲źá
Ӧһš
ûô治֪Լô
ԣ֪ҪͼһҪһ׬Ǯ
ݿſڴ߽ŵСһﺬᣬȻǵǷˣ
ȥѶӱС
ĪҪ£û£ֻˣҪЪҪǺһȥ
ɣҪȥ
СŶºӣȰĳѪ۵Ѹˣõ˱Ŵźȥ
ò˵СǸģ
ģֵ˽Զ˼ҵãֻǰѹˮ¼˲ɱˣڰ۵ĵطݵƬˮһ飬ݻ
ûѶ£׷ְϣһС㣬һŨ¸ĳкȡ
Īɾ񲻼Լ޲ộѷ˽һιԣһ߸ĳ⣬һС룬Ȼͷ˵ϣѻ˯˸ѡ
๫ԷˣԱ˯
Īְ˯һʱԻЩۿһõķֱӣһĻ̵ס
Ŭ𣬱̻һٰǡ
һԿԣҭˣϽȥ
˾ֺڣͷּǷ
Щԣҭš
Īɵͷȴûֱͣһ뷹ǽ˶ӣ촭
̫óˣӣΪˡ
ذʣµݸЪ˯Ҹ㿴ˡ
ĪŷԼţؿںͼȫǲճۣһƬ߼ĥһƬƤһǻۡ
Ϊû£ǵңðĿܾˣΪ²ټչӡ
˵ŷֲָԼӵĵ
뿴ϵȴǳֻۣҲûΪĶָоί
๫ȥ𣿡
ĪҡͷûУˣҸûϣֻŸϽŪܾܲ
ͷȥҲãҵݵģǣȻҲΪ
ĪΪȻ˵ǣҵҲ˵ˣ˽ȥﲻã»ȥ
뵹û뵽λ˳պ㶢Ŀ⣬һۣߵ
Ъȴϴɾ˯Ȼٸ㴦˿ڡ
Ī˫һ˲˲ضСӣֻã¸һӶܻĪ˵ݣ˵ƤҲԲݣ
ǣˮϴĹĳŮʼոоĿճסһڡ
ڳ
һۣӵСǰÿֺףΪˣ
룺
Լ찤˼ƣһۣ׵òᡭ
û£ȡٴҡ
ĪɵͷΪҲٴ㣬򡭡
Цϣû
Ҳɣٴ㣬ҾʹԼĲۣ
룺
вѳǮ͵Ǯ˾Ǹƫ޶
Ī˵Щ˺ĻˣǶᣬߣЩҲеûԩңĪҪӺɷҪأСˣ
Īɣϱˣ
ǽһѽȴǲֵĳһۡ
ôˣ޹ҲǶ˵ģҿɲӶʨ
Ī㵣ӲǺӶʨΪĸα
ͻȻ죺Ҳĸα
Ц磡
˵ˣ׵ĸαĺס
ͷظţĺף׵ĸα
ĪɲˣΪأΪӵĸα𣿡
룺ȥģһʲôĸαҼҳˣ
ĪɺίؿӲΪΪǰӣ֡
뵽ô϶ʱһȣɬرߡ
˵ˣ˯ҪˣȻҪˣĪ
ҪˣϽԹԵصͷ۾
ףĪҪеϲекף
ãԣ˯ɣ׸ˣͲˡ
Ī׽סһֻСĿڣΪۡ


040 ε

뽿һۣţȸٹ
ææµµȼӣȻֶˮͶ˲ֹĳȻ弫ҸҪˡ
ϵ˱ʹҧˣֱ˼Ҹ꣬һ׽˼С֣..
ӣϵҲúײܺõÿ죡
룺
ȷӦͱ˸ţ
Ͻ˵Ҳ°һ£Īʹɿ
ʹߣϽɿŵ˴֣ѯ๫û°ɣ
ί׾û£׾¡
ͻȻѣձﰴʹ..һڣ׵˶סƬ̣ȻЦ
С㶵ģͷû˰ɣ
Īɻְر˯ľҪ˲û£ײʹ
Ȼ
뻣ѵҪѺӽĳУ˵ʲô˾͵ҩ˭Ҳʹ˯Ҫˣ
Ͻۣף˯ˣĪҪ
ӣŹԡתֻˣˣˣҶҴ㣡
ĳУΪɶӲֻﶯһ¾Ҫƽ
뿴˼ͳĪͬȣϵµ⣡
Īɻ죺ӣûΪŬϣ
룺
ôһڣĳйȥСʱɫѾˣΪĳ֧ιȥʰþϨ˵ƣôô§˯ˡ
ĻĪɵˣȴ룬һȻ˯ʮְȣҲûΣһֱ˯ҵļۡ
˶ͷ΢΢ое㷢գﲻһϽÿ§...Ĵ֣ȥͶ˿鲼󵽶ϡ
׬ǮøϽ׬Ǯ̫ȱǮˣ
ߣӾͽﰾϰ࣬ȻҨһ׳ţֱүϱ˼ö
صҾͰֻĽ˴룬һ뵰
˼˻ԶţҲûѣûǣصԺֿʼӡ
ĿǰЧ׵׬Ǯǲ㣬ܶͶ㣬и㣬ЩҪѹҩȻɽȥϡеҩģڳ˱벻ҪµΣ
ֻǲǺڷɽϻ붼һŮӶԿȥĵطǿзƵĻᣬܶ׳жȥ̽ɽ֣ûȫ׼ȥ
Ҫ׼ĲֻǹԸһðյ֣뵽ıһңǸüƶϴһѺӵ
⼸Ѿȫ۸Ƶ˾·ԭĶˣһ׬ǮĻᣬҲǿȥðա
˴㣬ϱٶּӿ˼֣װṩԼҩ֪ʶֻҪ˼ҿϳ־һɽ
ȻװʵˣһĹ͵öӣҩ֮ĶûӶãֻҪҧ׼ˣЩҲǿԷʹõģ׬
ǰҹ֮ҹĽһԹҲѧ䣬֮ҲѧⷽһĻֻԶЩʱ򣬸ûƥȥ㣬ûкٶȿҰʮΣյģ¹ԲҸ߹Լ
ԣ׵İ취Ƕһɽ˶󾡿ܵųΣա
ĪɳݣһڱӣһĨۣҡҡλε˳
ӣ
̧ͷɷ׵ɫ·鸡ĽŲϽϵĻվȥסȥ
ĪɲߣΪδڼңһûˮˣȥЩвϸġ
ŭؿˣԼӻûãʲôţЩ²ģСҵ˺ü׵ˮҴֵܹʱһѵĲ񣬻ҴɽӺòɹʲôҲò㣬ȥš
ĪɨһԺӣȻԺǽ֧һ¿Ĳнɹ
ӣ㡭ôһҴõģΪȻ֪
ɻһ߰зһ߽͡
Һ˵ˣһ㣬ҳǼҳ׽ֻ֮Ҫ㣬µĶӺܸˣ˺ߵþͽЩӺӣǶͬӽãǣǱණǱҲϲˡ
Īɶʱˣ¹׬Ǯ޹ֺС׵õģôõĸԸ׽
ӺΪֻ㣬֣գֶôЩ
һۣҾͿЩ壬Ȼһ׬Ǯң㻹úúö飬ȡиţи˸ң
ĪȻӣ⡭
ô


041 Ҷ

ҡͷǡֻΪǡȥۡ
ᴷһǣʲôۣӣһ׬ǮۣˣֻҪס¶֧ң˭Һȣ
ĪɸϽͷ棺ӷһģΪӺȣĸӺΪ򶼲Ӧ
룺ãʵʵһţȥ˷ѣ궫Ұҳ㾫þͿ˳һʶ֡
Īɣ޷Ҳܷ
Ȼ󣬷ĳвʱԺ˵żӵ
ĵ²ǰò绨ͷ¶غЩӴ򽻵᲻ᱻߣ
ɣøϽ߲ųɣ˳룡
ֱֻ㲻ٱˣѾаֻӣٶҼҲ
ҲǸ¶ֻһܵٶ㣬㹻ٶҲ
ҲˣŮֿĺóԣ㶼һЩ磬񼴱㶬ﲻܻǮԼҳҲǲĶ
׼ڴףһװ㣬µľ׼ģԼһȥɽڿ
ҲǸԵĶ˾ͳˣٳԣԽԽȣӷҲԽԽ٣ٲץڱҲˡ
˼ҸȱǮҲ᲻öģʱڵҲ٣һ˾ͻؼץʱӣ༸ģպûЩǮ
һֱŰɽֻСһӲǸ¨ӣ뽫һ¨ȥʱҪˣǻСӰ̧˰·
ŻؼȥĳɹûԺӣԻصԺУ¨ж£۵ֱŻ⣬ﴫ˵
ɣؾͲȰӣ뿴ҩҲ᲻ǸҪڳĺ꾫𣿡
üͷһ飬Ǯϡ
Īһ䣺˵Ҳ롣
Ǯðûĩ˸ɴ
ɰˣҶѾͬ˵ˣֻҪͷ֤ǮǼҽͱ۵Ǯ֪㲻ȢѸҲ֪㲻ϲҶǰˡ
Ҷﱣ֤ˣֻҪ޹Щȫ㣬ٽռˣ
֪´жڴ⣿Ϲٲķһ£ýӾû˵ҵš
Ҷ㣬ǸгϢˣҲ°ǣԲŻ¶
Ȼģ󶨻ٰĶãǸó˵Ůǰĥ㣡
ҺüĶ˵ĶȾٸɸ˰µĵʱֵܶŪʳǣ㻹ܰļ飬ȻȥƿûгͷصĻ
㲻ܱ꾫˫ۣû۽磬ĸõ˰
Ǯ˵ǽһģͷҪѪ벻ҶϾȻôҪǳ֮ΣĪѣóǮǮϽգ
ĪһԲǮּ޵ˣͬҽȥ׼ҵ£ǰүƲǣڿ˵ʲôҪӣ˵Ǹ׼ң˺ݶҪüͰ
ɰ㳤İɣ㣬±ðµٲһ
Ī˵Ҷ»㣬ҪǰģֻܵҲˣǸ룬һ׼˵Ըˣ㻹壬˵ƫ̻άҲú룬׼ûһö
ɣȰȫΪã㲻ΪԼ룬ҲΪ룬Ϊ˭ű
ҲѽǲӦŻ£͵ȥӾһհ׵Ļܰڼտ׼ƲºԸȥ
㲻Сûûû˹ܰɣöҶ˵ˣϲһὫ֤ĺӿţҪһ㡭
ؽһ䣺׿ɺˣ
Ǯѵӣôãʳʱˣ
ʱ׵û˶ĪȴӿڣºõúܣˣӶأ
Ǯճ޹ˣֻôգգΪתŲأǰĿˡĵغݶ˽ŮӣⱲӶתԣ
Īɼַ˵ˣ¾תˣôãӷв֮
Ǯ˵˰ȴõĻظֱȡ
ɰôôɵһĻᣬ㾹ȻΪǸ׼ҵĻҪ𣿡


042 ƽ

ĪɺػػӲӾӣǽжޣ
ʮңҽᷢΪģһޣһӱ㶼ޣ
ԭѾͷۻһ⻰ٰջʱɢ
û뵽Īά֮ǰûôΪĶԼ벻ûж
ǰѾһΣһԲٹ
ԣȱǮλŽܾίҲоΪ๫һС
ͷǮȴģ̾˿ڳȻڣúúã֪۶
Ҷϻ˵ˣʵ᲻°ϣҲɣֻҪ֣ƽޣ֪Ů˲£ģ˰ɣ
ѾҶˣǼҼǮҲӦ¾ͼŰ죬ֻҪӦˣ⼸վõļգʹ˶Ҽ֤һ£쳡ϲ磬ֱӰԺȥסͳɡ
˲ҶϿΪĿĲֶΣȻƽ޶óҪŮһ
˵ҶҲǸ಻ģָô˵Ĳᶯ
ڰٰ㵣˻мܲס֮ʱͷĪɿ˿ڡ
Ҳ˵ˣҵúӣȻҪ÷죬ҲҪҵһԴԪɣ
һ߾㹻ˣҲҪҶϣôˣŶ£һ꣬úչأ
ߣҶϼȻôˣǾȥôЩ˶ҪҼң
֪Һúõģôȱ룿һ޹ѸȻƽƽҲúվӣıȵһë
ȥ죬ͺƤܽʽҰҵˮҲ˼ԸһôЩĻ˭й
СƭʱЩʳպ֪˵̣Ҳ˼Ҹɻ
֮ǰҪѣģǿ˵磬۸һӲøңҲò裬ĺܽ
ԭھӵģҿһŮҲףﲻû̺һˣͬһʶ̣
û˼Ҫ޸ңֱ
ɺ̩ȻĲƲȻĵ̧ԼۣµļǮĵ˵˭ҪҰֲظŮˣ
ûűһʹŻ죿
Ī˵ӳ벻ȢˣҪȢҲԲȢһȱ⣬ˣٰɶĻŮˣ
˹һֱѪ
Ǯϣ
ϸϸҶͦǲô˵Ůȷʵܰѽ
ͷЦҪˣôôɰҶЩǲǵѪֱֱüֱҪ̫αģ
Ǯϣɰ۲ɶ˼ҲۼҪģ
ŪЩ춯Ǯ϶ʱû
Ķƿ˳˵ǰסȡ
ףĸˣĸһֱ˵ãû׺ã
ǣСֽݣ̧ƼǮϱӳ첱Ӵ֣
ˣôţȿˮɡ
ʲôҲûһڵظŵˮȻӭǮϸӵĿߣЦпڡ
żϻҵҩǮ͵ֱ۵ǮеģҺϻﲶ׬ǮأƼͷûʮֹġˡ
Ǯϱͺ̲סһۣûЦ
ġӣʮֵЩǮŪ˭أôЩ׻ֵǮ
ûǹҩţǲһ㣬ͨͷϳԵĹ㣡ѰղĺãֻҪʶǮҲпܵġ
ǮԾĴ滳ɣҲƣĪҪڲңڲҲûã׬Ǯʲôǰ˵
Ϊͬصͷ˵ûڲ洦ҲޣҲûбҪڲٹմӺЩˣǾͰȥسˣҵץҩõ֤
ǮȻⲻ׵˵ûΣͺް׼ңֻͷ͵Լ˵ĻԲŽϹʵǲԼҶȢҶϡ
ҶҲеĶϱô˵Ůȷʵܰ
Ϊ˺ӣǮϿ˵ѾҪĪȢҶϣڰ룬Ҳۣ
Ī˵ֵǮ㣬׬Ǯ·ͼһҽһǺ£ǵĪû𣿣


043 Ī

⻰ʵǽ˲ûش
ֻܿЦұͬһģ֮ǰͬ˵ȴûһ˴ңѵǿǲɣ
ǰȥȷһ·ȥǰɽСӣûɫؽҸϳұԼȥŪ㣬ɲߵھ٣ȣҺڻûΣ
Ҳżʵģź˵һ㣬ǼҳֻӣõȫңͷǰֱҲûռģҲҪңĲû˵ʲôˣ
ǮϷػһ䣺ʱͬ˵Ҳϱ˵£ʶʲôƷúܣʵТ˳Ǽʵʵһģûǿ硢첲ӻգ
룺
Īȥˡ
֮ûͬ˵ǻؼӦʱ˵üأ
ҵ죬˭˵Ҫȥ׼裬ܷҧһ˵ûͬ˵
Ӳƫ̻ϱʵʵ
жϱǲֹһεҼӣûûСûأ˶ɩ䲻Դǿִ̱ˣﻹ˵ƷԺúͼһģ
˿δǵһˣǾ۹⣡
ǮϱӸһӴ
㡭ծ֪գһҪʱͲ͵͵һӶŵȫսʥ飬ǽԸӴ
ĪඣҶӦҲôӦȢҲøȢܹѾӦˣ㲻ҪҲĪҪˣµĸ֮ý֮ԣԸôȫ
Ǯϼۣվָӳһʹĩ˻ݵһüͷİ롣
ϣŵԸ飬ĪҪ£պ죬ԹԸӭҶϽţǲ׼ƶϸҹ
Ҳվ
Ҫң֪ҷĳ
һͺڵòҧԼͷ
˵òԵκˣǰʵǸ
ȻǮϱʵõҪմ㿪ʮֹ񼫣ĪסĻͷ
ǷҪƶȢҶϲɣҲɣԾͲˣ
룺
Ǯϣ
ĸҲû뵽ȻҪ־
һĳаѶҲĸҪ׸ߣҲˣ𣿷ǲģû׵ȥͬһȥ
Сźڰ׷Ĵ۳˳ĸֳίɿȦתȥһѽȱסޣ
ҪߣҪĸҪߣͺ͵һȥ
Ǯϱ۰ͷ޵ͷƤһ飬޴ؿʼ庢ӡ
ĪҪޣĿ޻ӣĸˡ
ĪɶСߣҵؽһӣźԡ
ĪҪңӾֻܴһⷿˣҽҶ׼һعѸգ
ǮϾ㤵̧ͷһ۵ͰķջһĴҲ˳
Īϰ⻰ŻҲˣզš
գһ۾˼һ£ҪҪҲźִҪңҲˣȫһⷿϹŰɡ

ɣôܸһ޶ϵƤϰ
ͷˣһҡ
庩ЩŵشУĪɩڼҰɣǷȥȡ㣬ָβ㣬ʮСģϼƵиġҸˡ
Ͻӭ˳ȥͷǮҲֹ˸ɺ
ˣզ
ֻӱϾЩ࣬ǵ˷ѣһʵҺϸЦݡ
ͦãϴ϶ӣȫȥδˣºӵһΣذ˸ӵֵʮ㣬ȫҷŸˣٵһأүһȥ
Ҽ϶Ļ׳ȥ¥ͷʹˣص㼸¥ȫҪģǮҲжٶȥֻЩСıǣСˣϵö࣬Ҳ
ӷֻһһ£˺õճɣ²׬ʮӣǼû׼ȥۣ
ѹôˣһȻ˵ôĻ׬ʮӣȥ˭һ᲻
մ߳Ǯȴ˶סˣ鲻Խһ䡣
壬ôЩ
庩صͷɲǣÿҴϱ˸ӣǰ̵ЩͷյأȻһټʮ㣬һվİǮ
ǮԽԽǲ࣬⻰˵ûþţɻ˵ģʵְҲ˵ˣ˲ţ
ˣǮٿҲ˼


044 ̫

뽫ǼβСֿУתȥʰڻһѿ
ǮϼʲôҲ˵ԹԵˣͷЩ
űߺԥҶǱ߸ôػŤͷͼſһ
λʱһί˻Ϊһӵˣ¿ɺãͶӵɳˣ
˵ͷϲһӣСಡĿûģСĹŮǿ˵۵öЩĸҲͷķ
ټСү˵۵ˣҲΪ̫үˣŸް룬ŮǸƷԲ㲻˵˶ɵˣӻãֱΪ
ټΰ׼ҵ£³ɺԼ·ڽ˺ݷǰѰ˲ɡ
Ȼ˿̣ӾȻвŮˣˣƺҲ˸˶ƵģͻȻܸˣ
ǮϵȲڣɿС֣ǰ
ϣ仰ǻشˣҾȻصҶǱߡ
ͣϴĶ̧š
һشʲô
Ǯ˿ǲĪҪٺһˣǼúܣһģǾͲôûĸεذ׬Ǯ±˸ˣ
ΪԼڣָ˰̨£±ܹȥˣҲ׬Ǯ·ǿҶǱߣ뾹Ȼҡͷ
Ѿһ˵ˣ˲ܳοؼʱһôңѼеǮңֵֽȥϸҵУ˭һ֣һҰ벻Ǹ֮ˣڶ׬Ǯ·һӵϣ
Ǯǽһּ
ĪҪѻ˵ǰж㣬ĪҾͿ𣿴ûΪһؾҶϣĪҪʶô
ƽ͵شĪ˺һԵ׬Ǯ˵ðЩܳɣһȲ׬ø࣬벻
Ǯһ̶뵽һ֮ǰ˵Բʧȥ˲׬Ǯĺ·طûٵϹ֣棬ϽĻͷ
ĪҪͷ˵ݣ
һ֣žĶˡ
ãǽȥ˵µͿڲϲ֣Ǯϻݡ
ĪҲСʲô£æкȥš
Ժɨװɨſڣʵ򳶳˶Ҷһ
ԭΪôõǮ϶Ȼסջ󣬱׼˰ĪȢȴ뾹Ȼ
СѸ˫ɨ㣬޲ǰĲӣʱ˲źã
ӴӴҶϣҿɸ㱨ϲඣ
ýһСܣſ²ɵķۺӣЦرҶһŵСѸЩϵɨ㡣
ӣˣҲѾ˸ֵϲ
ҶûػѾҪżӲƵĺϡ
Ϳ֬һΣǺǸЦ񣺡ңû㣬ɩزǸңкͬ˵
˶Ҳףýǳɲֻʮ˸Ǯù粻֮Ϊ˵ͣ˵˼ҲŻϰʮӵĺΪ׬ǮҪȶܴˣ
εһ˵ģܵĻȫңԼЩΣһư˵ˡ
Ҷʹ죬Ҳû˼߶߶˵ЩҪռ˵ˣǲػһ䡣
Ҳֱ˵˰ɣЩ쿪ҪȢĪҪᣬֻҵ˽ҲĪҪᣬɲޣҲЩ֮ˣ
ε飺ĲĪҡ
ҶϱҪ̲סɨˣͻȻĪңͫһ˵ĸ
ϻΪϷ϶ʱְָֻҵЦݣĪҰĪ϶ҵɣʮĴú
Ҷ˭ŭˣ
ĪɣĪȾǸӣӣҲҸұϲжƲңĪҪҼҵˣ
Ҷʵը⼸յŵýǲ٣˵һˣ
Ī˵ûĪгѧʶıȣǸͨĺҲûУȫЩ޳֮ͽǮûһö
ϱûûظߣ߳ûԶ㳰ءޣһڡ
Ҳգһֿ˷ĹѸôģ˼Ѵ˭Ҫ㣿
Ҷʧ񶾵صϣֻ˶˶⣡
ȻˣǾĪҪΪˣȫЩ̫


045 ٰ

ǱĪҶԺҲһ֣ĪԺ캿أ
ҲҪȢѸҲʮߣӲ뱻Ҷ˸
Ī̫̫Ÿϴ˼ϾǺɸֵķ߷֮ɫ
δ㺿ɥɣĪҪʶôֽͷѾָˣҲƼˣǲûֻǮ˸һǲֱܵˣټԸõ׶ҪһҪһɺȫȥ
ǴɼҸҲܲˣүָ˭棿
ȥۣɶҲ˵һ͸ȢҶϣ
ǸôֻҪǮǼҹѹزǴ£
ĪԾɱ֣ҲˣΪζҪȢǸ˷ɥǣ
ҶǰļƴȢǰֵܵĲ·֪Ҷң屣ǰԵ֮˶ܸĻ˼ϵ
ҲҪȢȢȥ˵Ҳ
Ī̫̫Ӿͳϳ飡
ĵĶ㲻Ȣ˭ȢѾϱˣҪҶܸǽҪ״ԪģȢѸ
ĸƫģҲֻȢ𣿱ûϢ
Īɱ໴У޵ǰٰ㲻⡣
Ҳ۵ظһԳüȻҲϲҶϽţһӵ
ΣĪ̫̫Ѿ⣬Ī϶Т˳ʵʵ档
ϱȴ۶ӣǰס̫̫ϵĹӣתͷӡ
ĪҪͬĸ죬ﲻʹ죬ȢҶί㣬Ӧ㣬ﻺٸȢһ˼ҵĹŮС㿴ɺã
ҶϽţǼҿɵöһЩأøպȡ檣ͬɣ
Ī̫̫˿ϱĶϱһ²ŵͷ
ҲգΪһķϣҶϵͶǶһЩҲĪҪ⣬Ǽֻһ·ˣҪȽҶȢţ಻ҪĴ⣬ĪҪ˱ң
ϱǿųЦһ䣺ͳɣǶİűǡ
һڰٰƣţһԺӸһըӵĻϢ˵Ҷϲؾź£Ǹӣ
Īһ⻰׵Ǻͷʹײ
ҲˣǸ˾ȻңﰡҲѽ
Ī϶ϱϽǰסӵͷ۵ֱҶϣ𶾵죿
Ī̫̫Ҳɫְ࣬źڳδǳӺͶϱһ죡
ҲΪҶϵòᣬҲûɶɫֱӰһ죺ʮӣ¿ĪҪңҶϸƽһӶģ
Ī̫̫ûû˵㻹˼ҪʮӣҲɥģ
ϱͻͷԸǵһӡ
ô£ǰ˵þǮĪҪԼ˾ˣҺҲǸ۸ģǸǮϣҲĪ˶࣡
Ϸϣ⿿ɽҲǸ󻧣ôһĪ̫̫üƽһ£Լǲ٣ɶûϣһ׳ʵֲִôģ
̫̫ȷʵҲǸӲ±ŲˣˤˤյʮӶĽ˺
Ƥѹ˵һ׮£
ϲȥǼҲƤбԸ˵ȥ
Ī̫̫߷ߵضϵĹӣԸ˵Ը˵ҾͲŻҶҲҼӣ
ϺǺЦŽǮڴ˦ﳤȥ˲мٴ
Ī̫̫һӵ±㷢˺ݣҵţȥ˵Ұ㣬ҪҪ͸ҹȥӾ
Īһɺҭס£ûˡ
Ī̫̫СϱţֱҶȥ
ҶӦȴĪ̫̫ˣŮڳһЦݡ
ѽĪϷԹˣӡӣϷ˽
һǺЦĪ̫̫ϱҲһٵЦ⣬һݡ
֮Ҷϰֲʧط˲裬£λ
Ī̫̫ԺãҲһļڡ
˵£ҶϣҲǸ֮ˡ
Ҷ΢ЦϷ˵ˣ⣬ͬ˵ɡ
ǰҲ˵Щ黰һã䲻ɵģĪ͢⵵Ӵ£Ҳ뵽ҡ
Ī̫̫һ鴤Щѿüͷ
֮⣬ǲˣ
ҶЦˮĪϷ⣬ֻǣˮ֪ɣܻɴ
ϷҲʵĪµ鷳Ҫˮдϱڱ㹻ˣ
Ī̫̫ɣ˵ǰϣ׼Ҳǽɺָģ


046 ʵ

ҶЦϷͲ֪˰ɣ׼ܸأ
һ㣬ÿЩӣϷֻͬ˵һ²һµʱ׬ͱ۵Ǯ
һȥ˵һܵһټʮҵһ𵣲õȥһϺüǮ
Ǽ٣˶࣬аӱʮӣһյϸʮΰ˴ȥĪ˵˰Ǯպ÷ôҲڻѽ
ϷˣֺαطŰô׬Ǯϱᣬõ棿
Ī̫̫˶ˣϱ԰һжţȴҲû뵽׬Ǯ
ˮ˵Ķʵ飿㵱ܲЩһϰٽ㣿
Ҷһصͷ׶˵ģ岻ǴгʵҲ˵Ѱɣ
˵Ī˻һûǮУҪһѣɰִⲻҰһӾͽĪ˵ǮȫУºЩ˶õģ
룬Ų˼յѽ׬ôǮ
˵б£㲻ǰ׼Ұģ׬ǮҲǺɱССֻеǿϲֹٱ
һж˵ְѰȥɱ㼤ǰ˵̰Ī̫̫˿ϱͬʱп˷ܵĹ⣡
Ҷһ񲻽ӣվһ񣺡Ϸˣӡ۳򵽷ˣȥϾһ÷ɣҲûôóԵģλĪҪ
ϱĻס׬Ǯ£һ̶Īʧ
Ī̫̫ˣҶϰǸõģȻԸ⣬ǱԵЪŰɣȥĪֵܼһۡ
ҶϸϽָһ񣺡ҾͲ÷ˣǱ߲ôЩ㣬ȻҵĳʳҪá
⻰Ī̫̫뵽㣬вѶסˡ
ϱԸҲɿվͬҶϸ˴ǣ㳯Īɼȥ
ǱǮ˰˵Ҫɽҩ£ĶɣǵǺڷɽϻΣգǻɰǷʶЩҩݣܾûвðգ
Īһ˵ҪɽȥҩҲǾòᣬ߬ס֣ҡͷ
ɣӣΪ˵ҲܽȥðǰΣգҪȥӾҲɽҩ
üһۣ๫ĸĵұ֤Һȵģ
Īɣ˵
Ǯϼһ仰ͱòˣͷһӿ
ϣĪҪɽҩң֪вͨǹӦҵİɣ
뵹ûػһۡ
ҪҲûа취Ҿ֪Ըң֮ǰ
ѽʵҵ뷨ͬ˵ˣͬ⣬мͬһɽҲνɽһҪģҩҲҪȥڲɣûԸͬǾĪҪٹұ˴ˡ
Ǯϱҭòᣬ֮Ѿ׷Īҩ֮ĳˣȴ˱һڻü
Īû¾ģֳ˳֣ĿⰧס˫ۡ
ӣ۲ɽɺãΪȥٱЩǾͺ͵һٲЩ
ҡͷҲ뵥㰲׬Ǯ룬ĺӾôһϸխжЩأһ첶ϰʮͳܲʱգ
ֻţ߻Ϣݲ̣ܿûдˣͲǳ֮ƣĪҪ˵ϾôٶҲ
ȱòСǮӵеֱ۵Ǯټϵҩûм¶ǲССһʱƬ׬óģ
Ǯѵûзǳ̾˿
ɵ£С
ĪɼֹЩɻһ
ǮϿЦԭҲ˵£ȥСɣ˵ȥ˰׼ң˾˼ʱ͸ҹˣʮӣҺûӦǡ
ܼҲҲ˷Ȼ˵
Īɿü壺ܼ˵
Ǯҡͷ˵ͬǼҽףͽǼٸϲȵʮĲ񣬺ðǼܴɵ˱ۣƽҲͬӶףܳס
ĪɺͰһۣЩĺܹݣ
Ӧ𣿡
ǮϻδػͷʹĪ̫̫˵
ɰڼû
Ǯ͵վ˳ȥһƵϱʱ۷죡
Ǻް׼ĺĿˣԵ޹ʾ˺Ͷӣ
޺һҲòȥ׼Ī̫̫Ī̫̫ƣһӾҲ뵽ȥ׼ҽǮẦһ˵ⲽأ


047 ϱ˺

Ī̫̫û˳һ鵽Ժеļڴף۾һ˦ϱͳ˹ȥ
ʮβһصĴˮȥȿֺˮȥĪֲּ̫̫̬ۿһѱץסһֵֻݸϱ
ļҵģϽҸװϻȥɲӡ
ɿ˳ĸ㲻ܳԣ
ֻ̫̫ȥ㣬Щ㶼˸׵ףһʱûĳŮ㲻ܳԣ±롣
˵βܳԣٵģ׼Сأү㣿
ϣĪֻĪҵϱ޹Īҵˣһ˼ңͬ˵ķݣĪɣϽ游ϼβԣ
Īɲûȥ㣬ĪϱǰҪϱĴľзŵһѶ˹ȥ˫ֱ͵ױ߷ŻˮС
㲻ܳԣҼ׽ǮģҪҵץҩأ
Ī̫̫ۿβ㾪ʮһβ굽ˮףʱ߳ŭ
㰡Īɣ㲻Т˳游㶼ϣţʥĲТӰɡ
һֶǸľͷչһŴȺصĺָϱס
ǻ㣡ͲˣТ쾭壬һղٶ㣬ϼβˣ̣
Īſ˫۵ڴǰ˭Ҳӵ㣡
Ī̫̫ŸߵؽϹӳ˹ȥТϣǽջͳԶˣҿҴСϽ̣
ϱ嵽ױ߾֣ˣҲ˲ʲô𱰣ҵɨѾҪȥ
ǮϿӰĻдסѺɨѵİһ
㱧Īʰǣ
ؿɨѣͳҪȥ沴˹ȥͷ֣ҽС
ǱſֵҶܵ·ڣŴ󺰣ˣĪҳˣȥưɣĪ̫̫ȥҴˣѽ
˱ֻŵ㶯һۣ˵ˣҲıϵĻƾ˹Ӧغܿ˰ӵ˶յĪɼԺ⡣
Ǯ׷ϱһŶûռҲԿͷ˺ˣ˳ͷקѣúò֣
һҲ˹Ǯһ˴򲻹ϱϽǰȥæܣʵȴǰǮһסϱýִ
Ī̫̫۳ҪԿ۽ƳԺԽԽ࣬ӷ˾ؿ޺
ѽĪҪѽҲĸɲѽ游ӲãȻһҲѽ
һﶼϣĪɸһĪңеҲȫĪҵİɣȻ˴ȥ㣬׸˱ӣһҲǳԣʲôϱѽô𣿣
ǴһﶼĪҵգֵռˣⲶӦĪҵģΪôͲܳԣ
Ժ⿴ֲ´ĴҲżӣðͱ˼ҺϻﲶȷʵӦãԣǾ͸Ӧˡ
Ī̫̫ŹӴУϲ㣬è壬ΪɶҪͬǼҺϻȻԼ˲
⻰ɾ͹ˣﰵָľǰͬҼȾ
ˣ˵̩ûʲôû
ӴŭĪĪҪѪˣˣͬǼôè壡
˵㣬ͳôβŸҩǮģƫҪģԾͺ˵һؼҸȡȥܹԣ
ôˣ˼ˮǼɶǲ׬˼СǮ˲ˣ㲻ӶҶǼҶˣ
ӿɤų˷Ī̫̫Ժ𲻹һ߸ߣ
ϣĶ㣡ĸҪҵ㣬ϸȫĪҵģôǼҵģռǼҵıˣ˼£ҿڲ˰ûӵĴԼ˲ˣǼȥ׬Ǯ
ϣϸҹϴͳͳûҿ㻹ҲͬϹٸҷһε㣡
룺Ҫģûôֱ׳Ҫģ
ȫǺ죬ȴףͬϻﲶô˵ҲǴ˷飬׬ǮˣҲû˻£׬Ǯĸ֪˶ۺ죬ԼұϾͰ׷ǹʣĪҲżˡ
룬Ϊѣѽ
ҲڳҪôӦǰľ棬ǮȴͻȻ󺰳Ҷϱֲ̫̫ôʸ


048 кβ

Ǯ⻰Ǵϣ
Ŵ˷ŻвҪԼأάˣ
ĪҲظһͦҼӣһ˵ӣѾͬĪҷ˼ңĸҲûʸ㣬ҽͬһҺϻﲶģĸֱܳ
ԺԺһƬѻȸ˶ȻλɫɷףݵôΣһ̣ҪӲŻ޵ķֻѾɵҩɾˡ
жˣ
βᷴͬҺģž˺ҲĪ̫̫⣬ȴû뵽˻ţڻ
Ī̫̫Ļʢ໵һֱ
Ǯϣ㾹Ȼ˵˴治Ļϴ֪ģһ㣡
Ǯͨص̫̫ϣĪҪԸУСҼа۰ˣ㱾ּ޹үңô
ûԱɻչһӣ˭֪񶾺ĸ㻹˼Т㣿
ҲӺãôҲТأԲһ㣡
ôߣԭһ£ǼҾѾò֪Ǻã㻹ӲǼӵıȫƵҼˣҼͳôһǮҲһߣ
ʵû·ˣŻᱻȥǰ׼裬ûǮҪûʮǮǼûָˣҶϲȰҼҵǮ
ⷬѪᣬҲ겻ѣĪ̫̫ʲôƷ˽֪û˻ỳǮϵĻˮ֡
ˣ˿ֵҲ˼ֻ֣ѻгǱһӶûл·ҲǮ޿̣
Ī̫̫⻰ȴ߳ŭҪĸˣĪһ׽סϵĹӡ
ĸٽҲãģҵƳôȫ˶ƼˣûˣȥǮ㶼Ҽһӣ»ΪҼӣǲҽǸϳȥǸϽذɡ
Ī̫̫ŤصĪң
Īֱ㶵ͷкβңͬҵƵһˣĪ˵ҵӣˣôûôǼҽ
ʥƣǿ̣벻̣޿̣̣˲أԲ֮ߣĪ治ˣ
һʥƣĪ̫̫ȻҲ֪Լǲ淸ʥ˵ļɻ䣿ȥÿҲ֮Ҳɣʥû˵Щ
ҲȰǻذɣĪҪˣ˰
ϱϱԺڰϱǰٲȻаﻤ֮⣬Ī̫̫ǵתתоնȻֲȥ޵سعչһٵء
⼸ТĪҪ̫磬ͷʰǣߣ
˵ձǱʮĶϱˣԺǰͷһװĴף۶ǲʺͼɺޡ
ۼĪֺ̫̫ûžˣҶ벻̫̫˲ã÷һ㲻
˼ûʲôֿˣҲɢȥϱؼȥˣֻʣεԺС
֪л˵㽫Ǯ
ӺǹⲻȥĪɩӣƣ¶òȫ
Ǯ̾˿Ҳȫ㣬˵ʱһϸˣҲûЩ鷳ˣοլͷҲ֣ܽ
˶ӱҲپš
ǲɣһ㡣
Ǯ̧ۿ룺ÿ˼˵ˣͷģȥҲģˣָֻ˭ҵѴҲˡ
ҲȻôҲƳˣùӵĵطǲûЩˣ۴ӵҲô㳤ûٺõط
֪Ҳûָֻ¸
ҷ˵£Ҫֿɲ٣ڷɽϻôҲһ˴ÿģ
Ǯ˼̧ۿԵ
˼ɽЩҩ֪ʶʶЩҩģֻҩĶںڷɽϻΣ֮أûЩ׽ɽҩɲ
⻰˵üˣһ㶮ˣһɽҩǮȴɽΣգ㲻׬ǮöҪú롣
ҲһԵͷû򲻵ѵҲǲðյģֻ۳ǼѾƵˣҲһԡ
ԵСɽҩҲУֻʹҩӣѰҩǶͳһĽЩɢǺڷɽϻִҰͷѰ˲ҽٲû᳤һЩϡеҩģԴڲģڻҲֵǮ
ⲻС£ûȥͬǺúһ


049 ʵ裬ҧ

ҲⲻС£һģصػһ
ǳɣҾͻȥͬүһ¡ǲ£
뿴ǮϣⲶ֮ͬӺһԭ򣬾ǼҺӶ࣬СӼֶǰкӣƽӱܹˣǿЩӲźòȥ
Ҳ벶㣬Ҿٱϼӣֻǵ˿ֵͬһɽһɣǺܲЩЩǡ
Ǯϳһ£ĩ˻ѡ˲㣬ʵöӶȥɽðա
ǱɣٱϼֻӣҪôģҽȾغȾȥ㿴ӵ㲻òģֵá
֪õ˵ˣǷ񶼶Բ׬ǮԼ͹ܲˡ
ӣǮҲæ˼ҡ
ĪɺĪ˵Ī̫̫ȥڣ겻ȥæȴϸԺڡ
ŮԺţŰϣס۷ĸ
ǣĪҪȥˣͷأΪǶСȥôãƽİѱǽլ󣿣
ĪСɣҩǰȻҲ֪ǺģίûţҶ硣
ɩӵİɣĸǱ˶࣬ȥǰִ󣬶Կģ
ɣϺĪСɣĵǲǶģĪ̫̫ȥҲԣΪСǶײ̫̫ٲýǱ߼ץѱͷأǼҾ͸ôҪԿ
һ֮Ѿˣĸѩϼ˪ϺСɣĺ£
ҶǮϻüʱĿѵ϶һ٣²çײȻ˵˲¡
ĪȾغĪȾ˵׬ǮֵҲûϳԣӣ컹ȥˡ
÷̺ү꣬հӼˣ̾Ժ㴫Īɵĺ
磬ţˡ
ĪɱСӸɻģȴӲװͰͺסͶ˰ſڵݣֵԺͷǲ˵عȥӦš
զôˣȲ
ɺɷ۵ӿڡ
˵ˣǼܲܵ˼Ҹȥɣ
ĪܵĻһ
֪еΪζҪŴ֣иʧҽǽɽҲһûϢ𣿡
ȾغȾǽһ㶣ûǴ˵ɶ˼
磬˵ɶѽɶɽ
ҲܹװɵǮϸû˵ɽҩ£㼱ȥˡ
ĪȴΪԼֵͷڹҲǰȥðգ֪ΪСӣֽˣֽԿۣʵǽߣ
һֱӰѶƳ⡣
ˣǻذɡ˵űֱӹ˨
ɺԵͷĥΪɶ
ѲΪͷļϻԴɩһզǳѽ
ֵܻǱսţǰһƺȷͦ񻰣Ҳֻܴͷɥػؼȥˡ
ĪɻͷһӣԼŽ˫Ьʱߵýֺۣ
ǳرЦ̲סǰأӹȥ˭Կ
ĳίؿСӣΪ򻹲۸òײñˣҪ࣬ӵСֿˣ
ҲСϡ
ûʲô˵ģ£ٱϼӣֻҪǲҺӶ˺ͳɡ
ĪȾִ˫֣ϸ۵Сּĥȫʧģ۵ؽֻСʮָͷյס
ʱһ죬ǼұӻһСϣС濴ǡ
׻Ҫ
ûӵͷãõбȥ
ĪΣֻý¸صһϽУһڹţ˵ƣĺʼ
ҶϸŰĪɶ԰İٰ磬޵úݺĥ˫Ť½ϣЩӶš飡
ҹǽԺţϿȥ§ڻУ.........ŷСѸӳ
ĸα˭۸ˣ˵Ҿʰ
ҶϽͷеָϴȦؿߣ˭ǸƼҶ....ҳȥˮĪֹǵأҺĪֵûţ
ϲǸʡ͵ĵƣǵµ˾֪ҿôѽ
Ҳҧ......ԭǼɵ׼ƴ󲻸ʰʹӽǹѵûСǰƻ
Ҷӿڣ׼кοɼɵûƼĪɺ׼Ҵ˸׼ҷûѰϷϣ۹ŮԴ׼ҵģͲĪ𣿣
ͷȻ׼ҸںǸͲˣҵţôʰԹ
Ҷ϶...Թشһǣôʰѽ⻵һòҲ..........
򴽣ûĻȴǺＱһѽ.......


050 

뵣ĳδָܿ״ؽүȫȥ˯ˣԼֱһֻӱò˯
ڶһӾ͹æǮķЩƺõһҲмֲ˼ϽߣӸһæ
æСʱȥүض飬ֱӽ㵣ĪߣЩˮãŴæȥ㡣
Ǯô㣬ﲻҲżֱһֻʱλʵסˣɴֻӣҪжȷźͷȥ
æĪɩͬһȥŰɣЩŶҲͬ˵˵ͷ÷ŶϣȥҲôЩȡЩ㡣
ǮĺϽлǿ鷳ˣȥɡ
ЦӦ鷳ⶼӦõġ˵ձһֻȥ
˶ˣּ±űһС룬Ȼ屣š
ĪڼҲ
Ƽʱһо׼û£
๫£
ĪɱСӹж壬Щɲסһͷӵæӿ
һྡྷ룬͸ɫ͸˫кεСֲҲڵΣ¸һ۵Щβס
ºſڣҵҪ˵ͦˣôǶͷ
ü䲻ȴ޷֮
֪ү๫
һүǶ£һ˼ٸʵףĪɣ㻹
ĪȾдסˣЬӣһسš
үҺ£
һͣȻǺ£ҵǼҵ٣ȥϼһ£벻ֵأ˼Ϊ˴ǮֱҪǮܵͣĪ˵ҵ˼ҲǣȺ°˱Ӷ󣡡
ɵؿһˣĪҲգ۾⻰
үλ뵽ҼңҼһֵҲ𡣡
ƭɣ𣬿յһ֣˭֪ǼںһӲ׬ǮǮֻڸϾͳɣ߰ɣҵȥ
˵űʾ屣ǰĪ
׷ںͷ๫ĪҪǼҲã
ͷһۣ˼ûԶ
Īɱ屣Ӳȥͷӣͷӣͬһȥ
ϵӣӾ׷
Ϊջ
ĪɣϢĶ벻
ĪɹŲӻûΣ
ʹɽ֮ƣĳ뿪ۻǿռ룬˽ϡϲ뽹ֻҲʵᣡ
ȴҲջôҴңԺӷ˿ճǣ¸ʲô⣬·ͻȻҲҲ˰š
һ˼ţ·ſʱһ鵽ڵԺӵϣ
ӣȥҿ¼ţ
ѽ
δʾͼĪˣںͷ׷÷ʲô£ϽϵĻܳԺӣֳ
ӣˣͷͬ͡
ͷã͹ȥ
Ӷûʰ֪ҹŮһĪɼǱܡ
ƹպƼҶĪɼҵţϽ׷ȥͼҶϽ˼ҵԺֱǼڴף˸飬ȥֱ̳˦Ժϡ
Ҷϣ
ϴһҶ˺ôһһ˦ɳȥ
˼Ҳ˼ҵ㣿
ָסҶϣȫʣҶĿһɷף۾һתɿܳԺ⣬˫ӵؽţţ͵˼ҵ
ϸհڵڵʰҪͷţֳ˻סϵ־ͳ
һ쿴ţ͵Īֵܼҵ׽ţ
ԶԶ˹ÿе㣬һǾ֡
һӴ벻Ҷ˼ҵ㣬Լ׽Ȼҧһڣ
Ҷϣ벻㳤㣬ĵؾȻ𣡿ҽ첻úýѵѵߵڰ׵Сˣ
Ҳ˲еˣ־һǶӳ鵽Ҷϰוϡ
Ҷ϶ʱסһίʮģԽԽĴ˿ߡ
ӣһһƣж۸ѽҷ͵Īֵܼҵ㣬ײⲻ֮٣֪ڸģԩң߳ŭȻˣӣ
ƽֱҪˣסͷϴȴһӿϽס
˰ɣһѣοôأ
ǰͬǰϹϵҲְҪҲòɡ


051 ׬Ǯ·

ϱܵü¸۷ڣ...ϣȿ
øҶϰöһģһ죡Ҫ˲ͬǽҲңҳδ͵˭Ҷ˾һӵȻôСûѽ
˱ֵһ㶣ЩͷʹҶ϶Īǰߣһ˽űߣ죬βͷ˼̣Ҳ֪˿˶ã۾ɺԣúòί
Ҷϻϸָأҧ˾ϱ͵㣬߲
ô׮޵˼֤İʵûֱ˭˭ǣҲ˵ˣͿǸ߸ģĪɺͰؼҡ
Ҷֲ֪ôſͻȻһڵأĴ庺Ͻ֧һԿֵĴ帾ǰ˷סͻҶϼ
ֶεһѽżҲˡ
ĸĪҪߣҽף
̾ˣҶ϶ˣĪҪˣӲţؼȥɡ
ҲʲôƲӣֵõôȥ𣿡
ǣذɣǶ׵ģһ£û˻Ц㣬ĪɼҵҲǸôЩ㣬ͬ㽻ãҲЩԡ
ǺǣҪ˵׼ˣһöҲɵΪȾֵô
ֿϱӦŶϽǰ
ɩӣĪЩϹ֪Ǽɶ˼׬Ǯζ
ô˵ףѹͲֵ..СˣҿĸҶ...˵һ׼С...
⻰һ˶ʱһ
ľϣ˵˭ͬҶһأһ˼ңͬ...
ľϲ޻ȥûͬ...㻹ǵǵСȢ
ȿֺҪ׵ĸ˱һ仰ȫû˶ЩĻ˵Ĵ庺Ǳ˵ûûƬ˱ɢ˿ȥƸմԼһɧ
һͷͬĪһңүӻڣƼһڱֽǽݡ
ɰã˵ϱ׬ЩǮ´˶¸סˣǿⲶеͨܲҲˣ
ĪһۻæûӰӵĵ˹Ȼڲģ
үӻǻػֻʵ
ү˵Ⲷ׬СǮҲֻ׬СǮѡҲõģ۴СӣʮӲ࣬ƱҲʡʲôˣܽȫ˵ѣ
үԳ̾˿˵Ҳ͢һ۴岻֪ٺжѵ˼ңϧ
ңֻ˵ԸˣһڽչǺ°
뿴һĪɣ˺ԥ㿪ֱԡ
Ƕģ˵Ҫͬص¡
үӲ죺أ
Īɵͷ˵дΪ˳ǮֱۣЩ
үӻȻ򣺡¶ǼһĶ˵ҲöʮӰ
ҡͷģóǮͳɣҲδؾ𡣡
үĿ⸴ӵؿ㷽Ų˵׬ЩǮ
̹Ȼ̧ΪҪȥڷɽϻ·үӦ˵ɽɽˮˮɽǲȱ·ģҩĻҰζܻӣ۴岻ԶⱦذƬҰӣŲʵ˷ѣ
үȴǴʧɫ
ϱʹãΪɶûȥط۴֮ǰиԻϻϵģʬ׶ûŪƴŻסʧһֱۣ
һ˼ңǴҰȥĪ˵㣬ģȥɽ˻ʵʵڴвɣܶ٣ôҲǸ·
ûٶԣĺܣڷɽϻΣգҲΪΣ˸ȥŻ·ƵĻᣡ
ԣҩݻǮ
лүӵѣǱȻˣص˵ɡ
ү̾˿ͷذɣҲļ´˶ûǮһʱƬҲûôǮͬҽ١
벻黹ϣĵس˳ĳ½ǣĪɻرүл
Ⱦлүˣ
˳ݣԺ̫̫ϱժ˻۾һգ΢Цǰʩһ
ɩӣ˿ˮ顣
̫̫˫ֱŲˣȡһ
ȥų԰ɡ
ϴˣر˶رס
Ǹмָһ񣺡лˣô˼ɣжɩͬһ˼ңЩүӳʣ
̫̫벻ɣɣֱϱժݸ̫̫ߡ


052 

ϱ̫̫δֿ˿ڡ
ɩӣ˵տɺˣأ㶼ãʱֻŮѧһ㲻ãҼҴɺѣ׾һ
ɩһ֣᣿ҿһ˵ֿˣرã
벻ɫسǰߣ̫̫ЦҡҡͷװҪͬϱãҲûǻأԽԺӡ
ɩӻͷ̫̫Ժ֪ĬԼͬ׽˱Ҳ
һҡͷɩ㲻˰ɣӺŮ㲻һҾΪСʱֻЩȤﵣպҪӣ㽫Щն̸ңŮ챾ŮֵĶҷûѧ
ɩһ֣ﵹҲǸȤˡ
ɥĶǸˣδ׼֮ǰһֱʵףԲѧһĹŹֱ£
һӺѧıҪи˵Զϱˡ
ɩֱۣͬҲøɣԹ࣬ѧôЩ̸ֽ㣬λӣԼҪô룬ܿ֡
¾棬벻ǰ֮ˣȻиôͨ·ǵĺӣ
Ҳ̲סͬ飬õŮӣôͼôˣʵһʻţ࣡
ɩ˵öԣǶҪô룬˻һҲһ죬Ҳһ죬Ϊβ֣
ϱͷˣŮ㵱ѧ
ͷȻѧˣɩϽ𣿡
ϱЦ԰ֻҪйôԣ
뿪ļˣСһֱֱҡǾ˵ˣɩйһҪң
ɩͷһֱǸƲǴ˵ĴС㣬벻㾹Ȼ㺢͸Сһ
գգۣҽûɩãҵǾһ㣬ᣬ磬дҹ֮
ɩһȣЦҡҡͷҲǣˣɩӣҲͬ˰ɣҶӹŮҲСꡣ
ʮüˣɩд꣬ϵȷǲᣬ֮ɩһ㣬ҲѹͬҶϹһ
ͬɩãȻΪ˶Ըһ֣˴ʲô⣬ͬɩĽ鶼ǻ¡
˵ЦǰͷĪɱһ˺ظںͷֱߵſڣŷԺղԡ
ľϺ϶ڣǮϺҲˣһڵԺ˵
ɨһۻڵϵ飬
ϼˣҲ̲סί״
ѽɻˣۼҰ￴ŵĶ԰ɣ
ͷӱ𼱣˵ǲײ˽Ժҵˣ
һĴȣʣɲǣĻܣһ·ھͼҶϰŽԺ׷һƣӣǼư˳ȫӵϸ
ҺסŮĵǰ飬תͷܵſȥˣ˵Ժ͵㣡
һ龭˵꣬ܲǹɱ໵һɤֿ˳
ˣֲҪѽ
Ҳû뵽뿪һҶ͸ʹϸԩһѡ
ǰסϣεذӣҲãίǲûˡ
ϱĨǸҶʵ̫ˣǲһ׼ȫ밡ɵ÷
ͷӷģҶСģյÿڣȻȫ˱ˣָǻǮҵץҩء
ϱ֤ףҲ˲٣ֿ˿Ա߼ˡ
һ˰ɣ
Ǯϵȱ̬ӣ˵ģǱ㣡Ҷϡ˵Ҳա
ҶҴȴûԸﶨȻɺޣ߻ΪֻҪѰŪǮԼܱ򶯣תƫˡ
Ҳ˿ڣĪҪȥЩôȫЩӣƽԼӡ
ɩ䲻ԣҲˣҶǸĻĶ
ͶҶûʲôӡ촩һТһģи˶ãʱܴɧľ˼ҡ
ĪҪѹˣ׻˵ӰбֻҪеöˣĪôƣı㹻ˡ
ϵôЩοЩĨ˰˿Ҫߡ
ԺûأϵˣȻˡ
סҵȵȣһлͬ˵


053 

϶סŲתɩ
ɩƣ˵ˣûء˵űȡ˸Сľ裬ԭҪԼԵļ̽ȥݵ
ϱЩ˼صлѽллˣ
һۣɩ˵ôлŮ컹ָŸѧأ˵ˣôһ۲ˣҲûصѽذɣ㻹ţˮٴˣɱĲźóԡ
ϱ֪˼߻лҪ˵Ҳû±ˡ
ţͷϺľȫеɽҩͬһ飬ҪҪȥ
ԭȷϵƷɾ˽£һ仰˼ţҶ˳ͻôί˵ȷǸõģľϣýö۸ˣæ˵ҲǸˡ
ɽ˵ҶԸҲЩ۲һͬ׬Ǯ鷳˵һ¸壡
²һһҪҾЩˬеˣ׬ǮҷҲʹ졣
ϺľļƻҲǵȳһû𣬰벻Ƕã²棬ϾɽʵΣգؿųɡ
Ҳѻ˵ǰͷһȥԲ˽ܴɽҵôŪǮͷƽ֡
ϺľӦ»ؼ˵ŻȥҲͬһˣ˵ǻؼȥЩˡ
ףҲҪģʱѾ磬СֿʼˣҲûټӣȥ
ոãСĺӾͿ״˵Ī̫̫Ǳ߼ܵӱȥˣһ٣ŽĪҲߺȥˣ
ǮԺտԷԶʱһԾ
˵ɶߺȥˣɲˮѽ
СűĪ硢ĸ罫ˣǵȫûˣҲȥˣء
˵ĪһʪܽԺӣ塢Ǽ̫ˣӲߣǾ͹ȥû㣬ֱӾ͸ˣȥǷҲТ˳һ򡭡
ǮһƨСϣᶼˡ
ûӹˣ밡ӲˣǽɽҾͲţĪǼҲҸȥ
Ҳòᣬû뵽Ī˹ݣӦͬһ㣬һӾȻȥҲˣˣôܸǻٶ𣿣
ûһӾͺһ˹
룬զĻͬҽǺĪҼӴˣӸǱ߼Ӹ߻Ҳûˡ
ҲǱ˵ߵᣬӶڷ
۾ӣǲܼĲˣҺ๫ȥЩˣҾͽɽҪҪһȥðɡ
֪Īַȷʵ޷ټúò㣬ֻ֮õͷ
˵ɽȥ˼ϴ϶û˵Ǳ᲻֪£ֻӲܷģһʱûϣ¿˵Ҳûڶ·ˣǶͬһȥɡ
һ£ӣɽϾΣգһӴȫȥǲͬģôҲ¸ˣȻ
ĵǣʲô£ûڣһҺҪô
ɣһȥһ£ү¸ˣҵͬһȥȻһ˼û飬ɽҲ㡭
Ǯӿڣģɽ
ĪɸϽҲȥ
Ȱ뿪Ǯϱ㲻ȥڼҿ
Īȴ֣ɣҶҪȥңҾ͡
һס죬Ҫ˵ȥϵֺ׳
˰㣡ڼҺúö顣
˭һ˾ҲҶҪߣȻҲģǱˡ
һ죬ҧұ죡ٸҽҰϣ
ǱǮȴǿȥˣջؿ˿ڣҪȥȥСɣͲʶһűǡ
룺
ֻҪ˾ͻᱻסλŶҲ̫Щɣ
ܲõųֵֻĳһۣɿĹĵʢȥˡ
˾ǱϱҲ˾ȫȥ
ϾһҲ󣬼֮ʵǸѣ׬ǮҪȥӾһǾһ²һѣû׼һ˼Ҹһ
Ҳû뵽ôͶ㣬Ĳжʮߡ˽СҲжʮ֪ܻǮԸܶһЩҲ׼Щװɽʱһֱʵ


054 س֮

ԭļƻǺĪһȥ㣬̶˽ɽ֮ϰҵİ峵˹װľͰȥسǣҲʡ
ϴ϶һȥ·ϺðæǮȴܾˣֱӽӸɩһȥ
ǣǰسǵıĪֵܺͰ룬Ǯչˡ
ʮټľͰˮʵ죬·ֶɽ·£ĸûĺųسߡ
·Ͼڷɽϻ·ʱ˶Լͬ˰죬ɺֻƬѹѹӳغջ
ĪȾȴƬҰɭֲӼᶨ˾˵ɶҲСһȥԲܽһȥðգ
ϸ۲һԭʼɽĵƺ򣬷ƬɭֵȷʺϲϡҩĻص㣬ﲻֶ˼׬Ǯİա
˽ϣòײʱسǣ۵һ󺹡
ĪһɷףԿԿһĳ̶ȣߵͨ죬Ե÷սΣֵɹһڣҲֲʲôĸı䣿
ڰֱָسľ¥̫¥
Ƚжţͬһ˾¥ȥֱ֮ƹǰ
ƹģҪҪ
ƹ̧۴ĳһſڣҪ㣿
ͷһ㣺û㣬ר֣
ƹЩɣСӿĪҪڲңǼԴ߷ֱ治壬ﳣһۿɾϵó
ЦĺˣԼٲˣֻ㣬ôշ
ƹļ˵һĪ˹˹ģҲҵģҲû
λҲǶģҲڲǣ㰴ԽԽֵǮҴգһıǮһ
üͷôˣֻжصСô˵
ƹҡͷˣ̫¥ļۿߵģԴٴһ£ջʮһأԴüǮ
ͷǳɣжʮɽصĴ㣬СҲжʮȫ𣿡
ƹ΢΢Ծ˰ųЩ
һۣͷ˵ǼǮƹֻ˵ղգҪ͸ʹ컰Ҫͱȥˡ
ƹĸϽͷգ˵ɵ㡢ʻġ
ֱӰȥԿϰʮ⣬Ͼ̫ѵˣѰҲûһյôġ
ɳɳɣҶҪˣԺȥ
ǣĪֵֽ峵˾¥ԺƹĽʦȡ˳ƣԳƹʮһ߸ߵģʮ룬Сʮ룬ͷвٰصģ˸ӣϼһʮӣһĲٽ˰롣
УֻͣǮ⣡
һʮӣĪɺɼֱţ㾹ȻֵǮ
ϰʮҲû˵лϰ壬Īֵ뿪̫¥
תͷֱӴȥ˰װسǵıӣȥ죬ѡһɵʮ
ⶫãЯ˵ؼҪʹߵıӳ֣ͨĻ㣬ɱպÿֲ㣡
ֻĺùһʮ϶ʮ֧Ҫӣ
ҲĶϾ˵Ҫɽ˵ûһӣҪ֤ȫǿ
󻹲Ѷ̽ʵѵжʮ๫ֳϸխĶС
ѶǾɻҲ֪ϰļģ⼣߰ߣҲʣϰ˵ǺöҪһӡ
֮ѡѶ̽Ϊүү鷿ͼƬĶкһԼһģһ˵㳦࣬ǹŴҴ죬رõķ
ǲ㳦оⶫĥ˺ʺ˴Ϸ
ĪһԶ̽ȥؿӣΪⶫвǼҲ˵ʹֵһӣ
̵ϰˣ͹٣Ͳ˰ɣԶ̽ǼõֻΪŵþ˲⣬۵˵ֶǿ׳үûôСɵıֵõǣһͽˣ˱ˣ
뽫Ƕ̽ùȥ˵Сɣȴͦзϸƣϻֻ֣ǱĥʴЩֱ治壬Ҳˣ˵ⶫӦù൱֣˭Ѹõıó
һôصĶ̽һʵǲģûò˵ɽĳУֱӽ̽Ҫˡ
֮һѴ󹭣һǮͻˣצӣⶫɽر
ʮӣʱֻʣ룬Ķкܶ࣬ϧʵʲôҲˣµǮȫȥСҩҲֻʮһ


055 

뽫ʮͭЩͷ˵±س̣·ϱ߱߳ԡ
һΣĪǣȫǺ̧ͷܿ԰׵ҲǺˮ乣ʵ̧ۣһѣЦһİ̧޽΢ҵķ˿
ӿˣҪҪЪһ£
һʮ·˵ۿ϶Ǽٵģǽ۵òᣡ
ɰһ뵽ҪɽҲʵС
ֻ彡ǿжȴǲܣĹȣúõΣգһǺɲ룬㲻þ͵ôһ
ҴЪ°ɣǰҲϲȥЩ޷
Ѱ˴֧ס峵ĪҪ뵽ⷴĳŮ˿ˣֿ˿ǽֻľͰİ峵
๫߲ϰɣ㡣
ĪҸȫסɡŷӦ˳ǼҴɫ±㽫뼷
ܽдɩ磬ϳɣȥ˼ҪΣ
˵ֱҲػأĪɱѳǿҪСǰ峵ȴһΣ̧Ĩ˰Ѻҡǰ㲻£
һۣĪҪǿˣֲûιЪ±ϳɣֵֵܺһ̣ϲڲˣѾܵģĲˣһ֪Ҫôƴ׬ǮΣ
ĪɣôٸƴЩ
ԣʵʵԼ˰峵ϡ
سʮ·˵¶ЩҲʵߵȶҪˣʱ֮ǰص˴С
ϡľ϶Īң˻ȫӭȥ
ΣÿɺãҪ𣿡
˵һȥسǵĴĶó˿Ȼʼϸսɽ¡
Ǳߴȥˣϴ󣬼
ҲˣǼҴӡ
ľϼҵĺӶСĲʮ壬ֻһȥ
ôһ㣬ټϰǮϣĪֵܣͳʮˡ
һĪɣôһҪסģʵڲȥǿڡ
Ǯʵǲ׼ĶҲЩ٣ҩȱһҿ๫վĪҪȥˣȸϢգȥ̽·ɽһ𡣡
Īһ㵣뷴ȴǮϴסͷ
ɰҿҲĪȥˣһ˾۳һȦӣ㲻Ҫ첡һ˳ҩۼѾˣɲѩϼ˪
ɸͣǰ峵ǻܽǽɽһҩҩ߲ˣ˭ܰ㱳ѽ
ɵͷǣ磬㻹ʹɩģڼҰһȥɡ
ĪԶԡ
ֵûУ˾ĪҪϺӸ
Īзпԡ
ǮȴŲ˳ɰĪ˼Ʋ㣬㣬ڼҺúö飬˭˭ȣ
룺Ŵܸܲصٿڣ
ǰĳ˵ʵʵȰװûǮϵĻּҪˡ
îʱͳǼǺҪĶصǼֱܷЯĲ񵶡֮࣬ͱ¨Ȼٱˮ͸ǴԼҪܻڼʱ̱֤
УҴȥڷɽϻҪһЩҲϻ԰ȫ˵ܻܣܱϻӦ浽ΣʱһҪסˣĪҪκ£˸صĶֱȥΣս
ﲻ˰Ѻû뵽δɽѾʼĥܸηӦˡ
ֵʮһĪҪɢ۽һ𣬻ҪĪҪˣѪζޣֻúõЩҩݣܱΣվ⡣
ҪһЩ̴򣬽½ǿǰסɽ߳࣬ò
ϸ˵ʮ˶ˣظңϽϢó
Ѿ˯ˣ֮ڶһҪɽûѶӣĪһԸļҡ
Ϊ˻ָ˵ұϴЪϨƺĳһѽС§˻
ӣΪһɽ
뱻ͳĵɤɦö׷Ǹݹ᾵š
һɽôЩ˵ĺǵҾĪҪˣЩ˯ýЪЪһ·Ҫˡ
һӱ̹СţãΪ㣬˯Ҹţ滺һ¡
뱾ѽųȥȴָ޳Ĵסֻࡣ
ҲЩ˯ҵˣ˯ˡ
Īɵ͵͵Ӧһţ˯Ϊ󡣡
ۻˣʹĽűһ˫üûƬ㺨Ȼ˯
ĳȴ۲ѵظ˽ȣֱԼҲסˣ˼ҵĽŵͷ˯ȥ


056 ڷɽ

һ޵ĹΣʱǲƶƼȻ֪ʱͻȻһֻ˶İצ㣬ĴֲסĽţô˦Ҳ˦ɰ۵òᣡ
Ҷϼҵļʱ˹ͷһŷ֣ĳоȻһֻŵһͷ˯ˣʵǽý
ؽȴ鲻ֻ˵ֱۣûǿȴˡ
ĪȾſ˯ۣһӣʱˣ
ٵģ۵һۣú˯İɣأȥ׼Щʳ
ͬһȥջ𡣡
밴ס˾ƵˣҰ˯ģòңٵʱҪˣ
ĪɿͰͳӣ治ܴΪҲҡ
ĸҲû˵ҪңؼԼӹǲ뾡һɽ׬ǮǾ͸ϽľӿЩ˵
ֱ˿±ѵƿԵ˳ݴˮϴȥˡ
ĳзһڿ˯ҪСֱ緹˵нȳԹ˯ŵ
ӽɽǧҪСģڲҩҲûϵԼİȫҪ
ЦһۣҷİɣֲɵɽڲûյĵҶأڼҲĪҪиһʶֶ飬û
յ˹ԹԵͷΪӵģһڼҺúö顣
ţ̧ͷҵĺ๫Ҫ֪ҩǲ㣬ܽǼϺӣֻϢˣⱲӲп๫ɵŬ飡
գۣʱоԼشʹͦͦţΪһŬ
Ŷԡ
庢ӰѾ˿ǰ˿͵ںͷɽ
Թ뿪ʼ׼ʰñ¨СĪСɣףСһСɣ磬ĪҪš
ĪСɣͷţǶڵأȥɡ
һѶӵͷͷ˳ڴ͵ĳУЦŽӽСӡ
һԹڼҵ׻
صСԴֱסϰһڣ׻
Ī̲סˣƿغӣһҪСİЩΪ㣡
ʵܲүīӻ֣ű¨Ժš
ѾȲҹˣǰ֡
᲻ɣСӣզôϱأ밡Ҫ˵Ϊ̫ˣ
һȣӣĪҪȡЦˡ
һ·˵ЦųǰߣĪҴԺʱȻһȺȫˣĪɽĥõĶ̽ھȡ
ɩ̽ſҪģҷĥʱЩ֡
뿴һĥȥ⼣úУҲһƬϲ˵Ǻöѽ跨ֻʲźá
ľһͱһ£»⣬ЦſڣֶϱҪʰ˵ϻҸӸֻǡ
ҲûǾͶлˣһﶼ׼˰ɣǾͿЩɽҲЩ
ʿ߰±㱳װ˴ӣһЩĴ˿ôݣ޲˵Ҫȥڷɽֻ·һǾò࣡
ڷɽڴߣ䲻Զ˳ӳȥ·һС·ȴһʱŵɽ¡
ʮͣ½Ųһǰïܵɽ֣ԶδоΣ⵽˽ŷ֣ҰͬԴСɽȫͬɽܣֲ֦գͷɭɭģ½ŵĵطҲûС
ɽŲľ֮ϣ˿˿ϺëҪ֪ΪΣδɽЩĪغ£
Ĩ˰ѺĿһʺϵҩλãɽһָ
ʹɽѲ񵶶óû·ǾͿ·ɽ߲ݺСӽ϶࣬ߵЩҶСŵ㣬ĪҪԼ
ȡ񵶣ʼǰ·˱㻻ˣĺǰƽֱҰ˴ʱ
һ·ϸϸ۲ּľνϲ
һ·ҩݣʤ޹ֺҩϰ˵ϡҩģЩϡеģʱڻȥӦҲܻЩСǮҪ˵кöಢڿԲյҩģвСջ
ҿǻΣǻˣҩ¶ڣҲǱȽֵǮģǲʶһ£طʱڣʱ磬뿴ܲҵֵǮҩġ
һȺ˶յǰȡɵҩƷϸϣ߽߱Щڣһܺ΢ֵǮҩݡ
ǵҩ˵ܶ࣬ҩӵҲֻǲرֵǮãΣƽԻǺʹԷԵɲԣǷǳõĶжٶڻȥ
Ҳرã̲ΣǼõĲҩԾòرЧ
ӡ
һһ߲ҩݸҽܣֱһ궥ɡ״򣬻л̵߲Σ


057 кö

뾪ϲؽһҿ쿴رֵǮҩģ𲻻ҩ߷ǳεҩģ
ȫ۵ߣָҩݣϸ⡣
ҩϵĲǮҵ֮Ҫȿľ͸֮λֻҪҶƬµľۣ˵ǳϵģһҪڻ
˵ҩֵǮ˶ϸҩݵʼѰûУ
Сؽ߲˳һͷȭͷĴߣʵĲѣ
ǮϡӺҲϲõشߣôһҩı˳ȫ˫۷Ź⡣
ɽǱѽ룬Уʶôҩݡ
ЦĪſˣƬطʺ𲻻ⶫǻԼģһɢúһңӦûС
ôһ˵˶жɢСѰҡ
֮ľïʢһ۸ҩģдҿ֦Ųң߲εԣʱĽӶҵ꣬ѧŷֱһ䣬ڳĻС
ջ˵ĸɾˣǰѰʮ׼ֱ˶ʮߣַҩϰ˵ĴĸֻϧڻЩ磬δⶫõĲʱڡ
תһ룬ͻȻһ󵨵ͷ⴨ĸʵ֣ܺβھڻȥֵȵ˲ռյĸܲյӡ
ǣ˳һȿʮ׳·˳·ֱķ߸뼸ʮףƬΧڵ߲κʹĸȫڵ֡
ʮһ˸ͷʮ㣬î˾رұڣʱ˾ϲغһҲһ
ʼŵڷһЩûжĴڷɽкö
Ҳûʱ߾裬Ұ޳û
˵һȥûʲôΣգֻɽ׺һֻһֱͣϢԶһ˳
һ˵ջ񣬸ҩĻһÿ˶˵ʮ߲ȴҲֻߡʮʵ˶Щ˵ģܼסģ˾Ͷ˻
Դ˰Ҳûʲôֻ̫㲻Զˣ߿ܲҵõҩģ˲Σ¥
Ϊ˱һɽֻΣգı˼ƻ˳·ƽٿһ·طһ˳·Ҽʮ׵ķΧϸѰҩݡ
һҩ飬ÿ˶˲٣˵Цʶҩġ
ΪиЩΣڳˣֻɽûϢس˵ЦûϺ˹ȥȻ͵Ϯ
³ΣգʱֱһΧһֻɽ͵Ծϱȥʱһӣſ£
һо˱ǷӦ죬˵ڵأȴǺɽ˸ŵûҩͳͷȥ
ҵﰡǣ
ɽǱѾǰץϵļϣӭ氤һͷſȥ
Ӿŵڵأҩ衣
ϼͷԾҲҩȥǵĺȡ
˶ˣæ˹һͷɽǱһ͵ϮȴǡñҳӳˣŲֱȥЩͷŵֱӵˡ
Ѿȡʮ󣬶һӣ֣һԹ
ҩҧס᲻Խæ֣һԹ
ֺһĪҪǰҵļ
˶ֹסŲಣһƿ֮԰Ϸ˳ȥ򱻺úһһҰ޵ĲҽУǶ˳Դ
ɽǵس鴤˼±㲻ˡ
Ϻ㤵ؿž͵űߵĴɽǣµóһ亹
˴Ҵ˹ȥһҰɣֱȷ͸˲Ű֡
ҵεﰡˣ
ѽÿ㺰һ
겻ѣҩϲһ˲ɢȥ˲٣˶һĺ¡
ӿΣհģҲҳҧˡ
һһ١
˶ڷɽΣգԲ˵ģֻɽǣһȺǾҪˣһɵüСġ
Īͷǣܽһ⣬ᱳȥǳ⣡
⻰һڣ˶ЦõؿɰжⰡ
Īɱʵò˼ͷҲǴˣ˷ѣ
ҡͷ˵ûһҲˣ͸ϽذɣɽǱǱԺǿҰޣϲȺӣһֻȺǣ
Σգ֪жԵĸ͵ҰޣѪʵǲ
һŽܵȺǵѪǧĪļһ
ϧˣôҩģ¨Ӷûװء
밲οˣϧҩıͲһڵã˵ɫȷʵҲˣЩȥϢһ£Щǡ
Ļʮ˶ٳɣʰҩ¨ӣʼط
ĪɽڵҩɱţԼͷװ¨ﱳ
һ˳·첽·ȥϲ߳ûףһĴ죬·ʲôȻڳǱ


058 һҩ

ɫһ䣬亹˲ð˳
ãҿߣ
Ūô󶯾ľʲôСĶ뵣Ƕܿڷɽزܣ
ͬĵĲֹһ֦۶ϵڿ˶ëؼӿ˽ŲԽԽ·񱼣
һﾡСЩܡ
ʵð⹦˳ҵǣҲû˸˵ˣʮһԾųһŮ˼ڵУŲ񵶺ؿܣ
ԭҶɽЩѰҩģ¨װٻأҲ˲ˣܳӻ£ΧСɽ¶оȫɽ߹ķһǽ亹һëȻ·𴦴Σء
˫ֳϥ˿˵ĪҪ̰ˣվǸϽȥ
û˸ʱ̰ģһ¶ΣĸŮ˻ڵУһ·঵سŴ·ȥ
˵ǱɽǺ֮Ĵ󶯾ŵЩɻصʱҲˣӰѾбʱĵˡ
뵽˴ڲ㳹˿ûһˣ˽ɽǺܳɹ׬ˡ
ʮһû˵ĲĿֱȥĪңԺڵҩȫ˵Ժϸһ¡
ٿһĿȻÿҩĸ˶٣
һ˵ջһٶͷ߲ΣԼʮͷʮͷ֮ĴСֵǮټϻεеҩиʮĸҲϰ꣬Ӱ˵ͨҩһġʮʵһʲСջ
ǮЩɵؿڣѽЩҩϾҩվûˡ
ɫһ£ΪҩĴԼֱͷЩʧȴڡ
ֻǼǮǿ϶һЩһ￴ô
⻰˶ͬ޷ɡ
ǰҲƵʲôǮ
״һ˼һ֪ðսɽֵֵãҲʵڼҼҶ̫ȱǮˡ
ӶûأҲżǱͷǺãȻһﶼͬ¾Ǿ͸ϽЩҩһ£Կڷȥҩ̡
Ǯһھȥ
ͷҲʪžҪǱ粻Ǵһ뷴ҩʦѹۣʧˮݡ
˵е˱û
ǳɣҲöȥһȥһ˱ˣֻҪ룬˶ҩĵļǮֵһˡ
뵱ȻûӦõġ
ûû£Ұ峵ҽҼ϶ɩȥϣ϶ڼЪһֲۡ
һĴȣã
ǣְ˽ŵʰɾЩҩģҲ˷԰շҩĶͳˡ
һ˻˴룬Ӽֻ϶СһȥˣǮҲûȥ͵ӵȵĴ㣬ǼҸʮӸȥæҲֻǼʮĴӸŰæ
ȫˣ˵ЦŰ룬һ·ߵõҲ졣
ǮϺҲûţ԰շ㰴ķԸڻĴĸСˡ
Ǳһ˵춼ˣĿҩӵţƹĻΪʲôҪ֪ҩĵģʵý
ôѽǶŰˡ
Цһֺãƹģĺܲ˼ֻҲǸմӺڷɽⲻϾ͹𣿡
ƹһڷɽʱǾһ
ǾȻȥ˺ڷɽǵӹģջɻѽ
뵱˰ѷֺļҩĶᵽƹǰ
ĿЩǷգ
ƹĵһ۾ͿЩϺõ߲Σʵ۾һ
Թԣô࣡ûðհ
ϽͷɲǻǺܣ㶪
Īһʱɫһףǰ׽סСֶ
ӣտɲҪȥˣ
Ȱ뿪ƹıĻͷ
ȰסඣСӰЩҩɶֵǮĺöѽ˲ðл׬ǮҲǱβŻǺڷɽҰӰɣ
ò˵ƹǼ棬˵һѪ
ֵ˵ͷƹ˵ǣûƵ˭ðգʵû·ˣǲŲò׬Ǯưɣҩôգ
ƹѾѼ¨ҩĶһ飬¶ס
ҳҩĴõ׵ҲǸҩмңЩҩ˵߲֮ⶼر󣬿ҿЩ߲εķȴҲǿյġ
ֻǣЩδɵʪҩģǮҲӦȻҪƺõıˡ
⣺ףƹֱ˵ɣôǮǺ


059 

ƹȴûϻشһ䣺ҪɽڵİɣɲԴӦֱ͵
벻ɫüǾҪƹĳˣ䲻󣬿ҲҩӵģҪ˵سǣõĴ˲֪ôҩĶգԽļǮԽߡ
ҩƹΪεǼ¨ҩ
СӿǾȻǸģұֱ˵ɣ߲ҾͰͷǮʮͷǮһʮͷǮһЩκͻ˾Ͷʮһ
еҩĶ˼ǮʵǰѸĪɵþﲻѣ벻ЩҩݸĶܽ
ȴЩüƹĸļǮߣ˵ǲҪ֪ѰץҩǰǮץģſھǰһ¿ɾͲֵǮˣ
ƹģǮҲ̫ЩɣҵһҩжЩҩģҪһأ㵱ĺƭգǱȥˡ
ƹļˣҲһ󲻺˼ƣⲻͬ𣿹ؼЩҩĲʪУĪ߲һƷٸһǮ¿˰ɣҪ֪Щͨҩ治ֵǮҩƺ˿ǻҪٵѽ
˵ǲ⣬ҲоƹĸˣϾСطҩӳС׬ӦҲ٣ܸ̫ߵļǮ
Ϊѵص˵ͷˣ̫ұ㶼ɣ´ڵõҩģɲѹҵļǮԶһЩȥسҲٱ㣡
ƹЦǣ»ڵõҩģҶļǮ͹ưɡ
˵ڷɽϻ붼Զɸȥ﷢ƵĲ࣬Ҫ˵Ƕҩݵм֣ҩƹҲǺһյôҩرסԴ
뵱ȻҲһ㣬ҩĲӾݵǰףһСɽڵ˲֥ģ
ǹŴִЩ챦ĵطΣգûһֲֺܷƣ
˳ƣ߲һʮһǮӣĶٶҩĺϼʮǮ࣬ðôսôһɽܼƾ˲ʮӣ벻̾˿
һͬСȴûôʧѾˣ˷ܣ
һǮô֣ʮһˣֻʮľһ˷϶Ƶǿ֢Ҫˣ
λԴȥ룬ҩһ˹̨ϡ
ƹģϻرиҵķӣҲȥǼˣ͸ץ帱ҩʵ̫㣬ʵÿҩֵǮӣ
ƹһ߿ץҩһ߿ЦСӰܲܽЩҩӶðɣҲҪԷҵѽڵҩ೯ͣץҩҲһЩ帱ֻӣ㿴ɺã
ջһӣЦһСȻƹ㳨Ǿô˵ˣ
Īɲŵؿ˫Сӣ帱ҩӲ仰һʡһӣ̫˳ľУ
سʱһ˸˵ñȥʱߵû죬ڰ峵ֱӵƨɣ˶ٶҩѹǰ峵·ֿӿݣڳϵ滹ߡ
ƫ˭Ҳ󹦳³ԼߣȵʱֻԼƨɴԼѾ˰˰꣬ǿûȥࡣ
ʹֲ˼ģĳпúһٶȤζЦ
ӣ¿֪ΪǰձǺθ˰ɣ
뽿ص֪³
ץСڴһΪѣΪӵĽҲۣ³ߣΪܱˣ֤ⷬͷ
ᴷһǣɵ˰ɣѪҿɵ
ĳһ棺ֻҪΪӣΪѪҲģ
С黰Ӵǽۣ
ĪҴݣһ˶ڵţһȣϽ˦˵֡
һﶼڣðǮһ¡
һڳеˣ
Ǯϵһ̾ҵţȻôЩӣ
˵ֱӽɰȡҩϰҪȫǰ
պһ˶ϼʮӣұҪһЩµЩĸңǿУ
ˣ룬ĳɣʶҩģڵࣿҪãĸ˼
ҲŸͣûöòųɣЩĸδɣܻܲһ£ģ룬ùͲ֣öЩųɣ
Ҳʾͬ⣺ǰֶϱͬǴһһ֣ǽ»Ļ˼һɽ


060 ͵

ȴЦһǵ˼ҲûһԼһ˼ҸҽɽˣǴһ²ܳɵģƽֲŹƽ
Ҳò˼´ҶѴҲȱӣǲΪǮС¹ƽϣһĺ׬ǮѲǹؼ˵Բԣ
⻰ֱģ˳˶мûĻ˵ˡ
뵱ǮֵУջ˶оһοɽܵľҲоֵˡϾðձһһ׬϶ӣǼֱΣ
Ǯһӷӣ˵ȥץҩǮֻʣҲǼð˵
ȴֵǸҰѵץҩǮǱ߿ֻ˰ʵȻӵǮϣĪ֡
˵űֱӽԼһ͵ǰӣȻһµ´ҩٻ
ӸϽƣѽҪˣԼŰɣҺһӾ׬ӣû㣬Ŀ⵵Ӻ£ĪҪǸûĵˣ
ǮҲƸ룺ŰɣǸлģϸü߳Ӱµ´һ㡣
˵ű㽫еӲ
ӣĪ˵ЩĻǮǴģûͬúôϰǮ˵ˣ²Ҫ˵Щ˸Ļ
һԶԣתͷŵлллⲻһŰɣģһüﲻǮġ
Ǯֽ˻ȥʹҲûǮֲãɽȫһǮš
ٰǮƹȥĳгһ죬㽫˻ϸϸսСɰ
ǶӱĺˣǮҺ붨ȻúТҵ
룺
ǮϵͷǴɶ£ǽվ͵ɣ绹îʱЩȥЪЪ⣬ѾֺˣǰһһݣƤҾͲˣҼͷӡ
ɽǿ˵ǰɱģϺӵĪ౳ģѾܲ˼һƤû
ݣϾȻպÿҶĪСɣһվԺУһһǣС֡
Ƽ˰룬ȥףף
Ѻӱĵ§סĲӣСϡ
СɣǰͣɩڼҵȲҪʹ磬ұŹϴģպɩӣ˵Щ⣬ͬһˡ
Ҷһģ˸һλӴ嶼أ˵ɽɽҰζⲻһҲȥþûгԹˡ
ǮεӲͷƤǰɩ˵ʲôģ֮ǰôİԿҪǮֻⲻԵɽɽǣҺø˲û£Ҳ˷ѣɱ㱳ˣҸһЩĪҪ
ϺľϿҶϱ̲ס񣬰ǮϵӲû±ӿŲˣҲ˰볯ԺȥĪɺ常ϡ
Ժ߿һӲſڣҶҲ֪˶ãû˵
׶ӣ͹ùüʱĸԺΪβݣ
ػص׺þã˵ĪҪͬ˵һҲû
Ŷ۰ؿ޵ԣ
ͬһۣͷȴЩõԤУǸҶϣ͵˵
ֻ׬ǮҪǼ鷳ˡ
ӵĵǲ޵ȴֻοЦĶ㲻ҲĪҪģذɣջҪɽ
Ҳһߵ·ڱֿˣҶԺͷСź
ӣĪֵܣһȰ̫ˣһ˺¡
ü治ںͷһĺΪپֻվ½Ų׷
Ҷһ⣬һ֧òӯһյֱߵÿǿѽһתĹͲˣҺ׷ˣȻһҹ·
Īһ仰Ҳ԰뻳бӣûҶǱתһ¡
ҲֻǵɽһȦ̫ˣЩȥϢɩǺ£㲻Ҫ˰ɡ
ҶϷЩŪȴȫȻϵ⡣
֪ĪҪҵǮұ㲻ȥˣ⣬ҳô󻹲Թӣ˵ǽɽǣһܾհɣ


061 

벻䲻ȻӦǰɽΣġ
ҶȴһĵӿһҪСİ㲻ΪԸҲҪΪֵܺ룬׬ǮСԸǴ£
лɩӹģһСĵġ
ҶȵֱۣӰ㣬ǰǮԸȴҪӡ
뽫ֱϣɩӲΪƽԼҲûҺȥ
Ҷϳ̾˿˵ҲǣӺùΣҳôĶ֪˶ҲûУôд㣬иңҲԸ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿһ۵˱Ůˣ˵кЩ˶ɩ¼ޣиۣǱѡһɡ
Īɲͷ򣺡ӣĪҪ˵ˣһ죬ǸϽؼҰɡ
˵ҲҶǺθ룬ĳŮӿ˽Ųﻹֺͬá
ӽˣȥΪǡ
ҶϽ׷ںͷǸʵʵСŶ׷ʵǳ֮ĪֺðĻֱɶʵĸζҪˣ
ѽŮ˹һžг
ϧĪɾ͸һδŵؼŰ볯ǰߣװģעʱ߳ԶҶ޵ҧֻüӿŲ׷󡭡
صҰЦ
๫ǲϧ񣡡
ĪȾ㵱±淴˭˵Ϊ򲻶ϧΪ㣬ϧֻҼӣ㣬Ϊвḡ˲֪֮ܵ˰ˣ
룺
úˬ˭˵ḯãŮǰҲֱ̫˺
ԭҶǼͦ˵£㲻ʹҲûˣĵúܣž˯ö㣬ĳаĦһͨ§ڻ˯ǽһ㣡
һҹ޻ʱ׼ʱرԺļѣʰ׼ٽٰ㲻ԸǿڼпӣԼŶɽˡ
Ҷһ֪벻îʱʹ˳˴ӣʵѡ
Ů˻ͷ˸СӳĪ϶ǱȥĪ϶ſڸպϳͰһ۳΢΢Ȼ
ҶȴЦ˸
Ϸˣ˼öһЩԡ
Ī̫̫Ȼ򣺡Ŷ¶ţϸȥ˵ձ㽫ǹͰֱýһԵĳˮӡ
ǹӸҹζѬҶǿڱӵĳ嶯ЦͬĪ̫̫ġ
Ϸ˰û뵽ӵТ˳Ⲷĺøˣһ˵ִɽˣʵĵôЩ׬Ǯĺñ£
Ī̫̫ءޣһøǼҵģɵ˰ɣǸТ˳Ķôõĳǡ㷽˵ɽ׬Ǯˣ
ɣżɽĪ̫̫Ҳ˵ˣǸϺڷɽֻǲ֪ûĴɽֵô
ҶЩ죺Ϸ˲𣿴жˣһգӾ͸ɽÿ˷˶أݱʵǽúܣ
Ī̫̫˲˫ۣ˵Ļ棿һձ˶ӣÿ˷ֶͳ׬˶
ҶһЦǰ̰̫̫Ȿֻ׬أÿ˶˶ӣӣԵ˶ҼҶ˺ôһأĪӻһ飬ûүҲ𣿡
Ī̫̫һֶǳĹͰضٵϣЩТ˳ĶЩ϶ڣ
ҶϸϽ̧죺ѽϷ˰ǲǶ˵ˣǧĪҪѽԼʱ̫ˣûϰɣĪҪҹŰӽն׬ǮТģ
Ī̫̫ߣǸСˣТңߣҿɲģ
ҶƺֺԼ죬εתƿ⣺Ϸƣģ˵Щأƽﲻʹ죬ҵĴ
Ī̫̫˿Ҳ֪ô⣬Ҳһ˿ƤЦⲻЦ
ʵ̫̫ôֲǲˣ㲻ͬҳôǰɣҸβģ
ҶϴĪ϶ҳСյǡС˸Ҹţưɣ
ؼҺڰһӣֽ㶼ϴɱɾϼӹһըװСľһ裬žͳ˼ţֱĪԺȥ
һƼԺˣҶ϶Ц֡
Ӷ˰ɣôóԵģ
ŵڼըһСľըýƵ㣬Сӷعһʿˮ
СӷԣȴûȥվԺо
ҶԸըպƣˣ𣿿Ͷ㡣


062 ڣǼ鼴

ҡͷ˵ˣǼгʳ
ҶһЦǼҵĳʳûó԰Ŀˡ
˵űԼҧһը㣬ı顣ѽýȥһԣ˵ӿġ
ȴǺһͳȥСﻹţ
ҶϾĪɸһЦһԼѩ׵£ڳһԼ̬Īɳ
ĪȾ𴵵ǺֱӲ˳̧ۿҶεԺſڣʱһᡣ
ĪֵܣӣŻ𣿡
ҶƼĳб̸Ѭ۾ĵһ͵ЦԼʱ
ĪɾȻͷһɩ˵ЦˣСѵңɩͳʳǾͲˣҹأһķ㹻ǳٵġ
ҶȦһ죬ԹؿĪֵܣͬ˵ѣһӣҲϽҵĺ⣬רŸģԸƽҲ᲻óԵأ
ȻƤֱĪã߾㤵شһ
ɩӣ⻰Ǻ⣿ҺֲҪʳͬ׷ǹʣαؽԼ᲻óԵĶأƣڣǼ鼴ѲǰҼԺ͵˵㣿
ҶϲȻӦһײ͵һţίؿ
ֵܣҶһƬʵ⣬˭ǼҲѽշҪʹҺİæֹŴøԣȴҵΪأҡΪ˿һƬģȴ˭Ҫһˮ㡭Ҳң
۳ҪʹǸ۸˵޵Īɼæǰ
ҶϻΪԼģ˾Ȼ˫ֱŰ壬飡һ½ŹȻͷ˨תڣһ˸˿Ϸ죡
Ҷϣ
ĳдѵӣˣǧĪҪٳһڶ
ػصסˣ˵ǼҲкóԵģ
ҶֻһջűֱţӶһΣСľӡžણһµ˵ϣ̧ű㽫֮˸ϡã
һʳˣվûãջץֻһҧһǿرᡣ
ɶĪɣα㿴ĺԹǸżɫϲˣĪĶң
ʱɽСҩģһסִ˸磬Ȼɽͷǲʲô
С밡ˣЪ³Щɣ
ͷãҶͣͣЪǾͿʼڣһҪעⰲȫҪɢ
յľʮһжرСģ˵Ҵʱ̱ŽܶΣȷÿ򶼷صλСΧѰҩġ
һ˵ѰϡҩĵĻСЩٶҲЩȴɰȫ˺ܶ࣬ٲĸΣǶܼʱ֣Ȼٱܿ
ˣҲʹһˣΪ˰ȫǾߣֻΧڣҩյĶڣ׬һһֻҪڰѼҽǮ׬С
Դ˶ûԹ˷Ϣһ±㿪ʼڣɽʱÿ˵ı¨ˣֵ̫˲ӵʱ䣬Ҳûٵ飬ɽس̡
ûֱӻش壬ߵ·ϣκΣˣҩľ͵ص
úһ£ûߣֻڵʮͷ߲Σκͻ᯺ϼԶ࣬иһʮӣټЩӰˣʮһ塢ٽҩġ
ôֱ࣬ӱȥϰɣұؼȥҲǲԶľ룬ֲԼɹơ
û˷ԣ˱ֽҩİװãֱȥ
ҩӵϰһӭ˳ôҩʵһɵֻ֪Ϊϡҩʱ϶ʱЩʧ
СӰԵҩʵ̫ˣ£ֻЩҩҲղѽƵĵطҲǶЩֵǮҩİɣҲ÷ôǮ
û뵽ŵһôͨҩľͻƹޣüһ䣺Լƺõģ𣿡
ƹ˼һ²ŻգҲյЩҲһˣҲãСطҩСⶫɹƺ÷žҲǻỵģ룬ЩҩĲֵǮ͵سȥҲֵǮǷҲҪðŷսɽαزֱЩֵǮĳأ


063 ĥ󿳲

̾˿ǺðɣǾֵǮĹЩǮɡ
ƹıҲûٶ˵ֱӽһæҩĹ˳ơ
ɣ˵˼ٽҩģǮȴնֻ࣬ʮǮʮģͨҩʵǲֵǮЩǮ붼߲κͻλģҩ̵ϰ廹ֱûط
뿪ҩǰֱӽӷˣһȻϣ˳ָЩƷŻش塣
ŸһըǸ⣬ЩʱؼҰͣȴΪʱ̫̯ˣûţȥ˶Ρ
ǮȴʲôҲû򣬷ֵõӻҵǮֻʣһǮˣֻ̫̫٣ϣܿЩ׬Ǯ
ش·˶ЩɣŰô죿
Ҳ֪Ҷ뾡׬ЩǮֻ˵Լļƻ
ģҩ̣ܱ֤ȫ£գҩӶЩѰҩˣȥϡеҩġ
Ǯ̲סڣҲҪȥģβֱӱȥҲÿն׬һЩ
ͣڻȱٷʮϼѣɽ߱а࣬һЩ£ǰǶܵĶڷɽֻܶ࣬ɽڣһ˻ܼʱܳǽɽܶ·˵ҰޣʵΣգ
뵽ǰյľǺ£ɵظͰ롣
˵ûĲҪǮһѣҼǮ࣬óһѰɡ
Ǹж֣Ͷˣ˵ɽΪ׬Ǯ׬ǮҲΪ˱ƽ˵ôҲûǵȫҪ
˵Ҫٵӣʵģ㹻İȫʩͲɽˣһҰû׼˳Ի϶׬Ǯ
ⷬɵõ˵Ͽɣ͸ĥ󿳲һóȻɽ꣬ȴ׬Ǯðȫʩ㹻ʵȥ׬Ǯ
˵̫ˣҾÿ˶һԼֵܳʱɽŰգ
ϵĸ͵õ˵ĵͷӦһ飺룬ӣҲǸãǸ˼Ҳá
ʵԸ棺϶ʮ֧һǰӣԷʹãֻȥ֮ȡɣĻҪһǮһ֧
ðࣺѽ
ͷöȻˣһѣǾֻȻܵɻ䣬ô䲻𣿡
⻰ĴͬһȺǶôǿİԵ
Ǿ˵ˣСյҩģÿҾͶһˡ
ҶͨǮĵҲܸˣ
һԶ˺ǿʮһѳֵĽʵö֧̽ʵǿˣ
ǮҲһ£ƽƽ죬ǼҲһ󣬲ôȫȷҪģһͷӳҩ͹ˣ
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뿴һǮϣǮüȻҲо鲻á
˼߽Χ
صôŪٺöɣ
˵Ϻڷɽ׬ٵǮܲҲǼү
ǰ磬ôõô֪ͬ᣿
ܣ㣬׬Ǯ·߼֪һӶ𣿡
ͷ󣬸ȫǼӵˣ˵׬˵ǮŸȥƣ
ɫѿǼ庺һģƽﶼż谮۸ǵ²֪˵׬Ǯ·ȻȫƤ֣
Ȼһ䣺ĪҪңƴ²ڷɽǼˣ˭ȥֱȥǡ
ûԸȥɶãֲʶЩҩݳɶ
ǣ벻ˣ
̬ȣҲ
ʶÿȥҩӵϰ壬
϶һĪҪǴӣ˭ǶǸĪϱѧʶҩݣҩϰɴӣ
һߣΣǱ㹻ˣǲӣӲô£б¾Ըɽ׬Ǯȥ
㡭ĪҪԼ׬ŵӱ˲𣡡
һȺ庺ȫŭĿӣеߣ첲ӣһԲϾͳֵ˼
һľż߲ӵ⿿ɽģʱö죬ȱڴʮ꣬ûأֻܿ˼㹤ҺڣԲŻʱҪ
ϻ඼˿ڶ࣬ǲСУоǼƵºܺ۸


064 ˳Ц

۳ҪԿǰ󣺡λĪҪֵ˵ҲûǺڷɽͰһȥԸȥôοҪΪǣ
˳ͷֳҲ̾˿
ôһжѣΪЩۣĻðΣսɽֻ·ͬһｲͷɽܺǣǺòײӻġ
治ǲϴŴһɽûƵ·ߣɽȥƴĳɶ£˭ҵģһҪȥƴˣɸǵΣ
ҲŸͣ˵û治ǲ˽ڷɽж汲˶ãǱ۱Ƶ·λȥðգ
˵ýģǲ˵׬˼Ǯ͸ȣƴʱ𣿡
οʵͽ˵ЩɫѾûôֱ׳ˣߵǰͷ
λҲΪλڷɽǿģȥûţǲҪҴͷҲ
һǽɽÿζջ񣬾գǱһҲһ
ǽɽҲǼҶΪͱ۱Ƶòòȥƴۺ죬ǾȰѱԼе˵ɡ
⻰ʵҲûأ˵㵱һ˴ӣǮһ˸ͷҲûһٳӴǰ˹ȥ
Ǹ¨տҲҲЩ£ǲһ
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Ҷ϶Զ谵֮УƼò׹ĶļӾȻϢˣﲻһӿһţתҪǮϻȥ֣֪ð˳Աһѽסŵ㾪г
ǺصһۣСڣϽſңĽд˳ǲ£ҿûˣ
Ϻһ²ɿ֣ôˣ󣿡
ҶһίǰǸСˣڣ£ģѴȫĶˣʱɶҲ㣬˵Ҫʰģ˵⣿
üʰСֻϧҲã⼸ҸײӰ
Ҷҡҡ䣺ѽ磬ɵû´Ǽ׬ǮΪףͬһ۴˶ѣβǰϴŴһһɽ׬Ǯ
ػʣɵɣǸˣ
ҶͣôܣҲ룬ϴһһɽ𣿡
Ȼ򣺡ǿ϶ˣϾ׬Ǯ£ĸ˲һţ
Ҷϵͷˣͬ⣬еˣүҲ񣬵ʱﻹĺ
һͬ˽ɽ͸ˣǺڷɽôطʱֻҪҲżһͬȥ²ܰţ
⻰ʱһϲֱסһڣС⣡Ǳ˵ˣͻȥͬҵ˵ĪҪˣϸŶ
Ҷ˻ӣᰡ
ĶˣϺ˼Ѳ֣̳ȥ
ҶѸһŴӰ˳ҴСĪǰȥ
ϵһûĪҴ˿أ
زĪ̫̫ڣĪүӶˣŭݵĪϴǰ
ϴѽûӣ˷Ƶ·ԸֵܶУȻðǸС˼һȥ׬ǮҲ´˴ļǣ
ĪүָŶƵһʹƷֺҲûڲϣԼ
ĪϺ˵Ѿ˼ҩʱסˣʵúܣڴﶼ۵ҪƫҪûû˵߶
˵ģôɴǵģҺּҶʵˣҲʵѵòвͬһɽһﶼǻģ˭Ҳûռ˭ұˣ뵽ȥˣ
ĪϺؽһͨϣ˶ٿԣĪСɣϸϽĸֶˮι¡
ǱĪ̫̫ȴһ棺˵ôͽ˭Ҳûռ˭ıˣǷռǼҵıˣǸʵǸļˣʱһӣȥɽҩ˿벻һӣɽЩ׷ǹʵĶȥʶҩģҲ˵̽ǼˣĪҵԼҲˣҲһͿ
ĪүҲã㻹ҡּǼһ𣬵˲˵㲻±˴ǣͲҴҲһ˳Ц


065 ǮҪ

ĪϺǿ˳¿ȥԲǺţֻֿڽ͡
ĪҪ鶼ᴦ룬Ǵɽͷĵط˭ָҶϱͬԵĺ֮ô岻ǼֱϹ
ڷɽ˭˲֪ԭĸҲǲԸȥģǱ۵¸ֵ𣿻ӣʵŲòðΣսɽȥҩġ
ǲҲԹ룬ͬǽҪȥţûĻ
ʵڲǲϺͼˣɽ治ôƣλֶܵܺδƵ·ϣѲҲȥˣǱŰɣͬһð𣿡
Ī̫̫յһڣôвˣ±͸ǼǸͶӶϱТ˳űƵҲòֶǸǵѵ
ĪүҲŭڡ
ϴ󣬲˵㣬һ֮ҲޣӶҸ췴ˣֱûֳϢеǸöϱڸ˼׬ǮأĪҵڴǰˣֱǸ˷׵Сˣ
ĪϺһҰܵشʵǱòᣬ޿κΣĲסǻؿȵѪ
ĪСɣҪ𶼱סֱǮϺͶɽԺСɣܳȥ״
ǮһĪҶȡ֣ŭˣ¨Ĳֱݡ
ϻæ󺰣ɻˣҵտȳöѪ
ǮϳһֽĪϺŭĿתƽϼһ
Ī϶Īվһţ˵һϾ㵡
Ǯǰǲ񵶡飡һӵϣŵĪ̫̫һ£ű߳ŭ
ǮϣﻹɱϴԸѪģôϵ
Ǯ俴棿ҽջҪˣҪһСƣͲ棿˵ʥ˶ˣ޿̣̣
ǰѾ˱һأǼҲ·վȻҲˣ˵һٶǾӺһӶ۸ǰɣ
ѽб½Ǿ⵶ֱĨҵĲӣĻھ͸ҹȥ
һ˼ңûôʮТҲĪҪҽôТûֻʮҪôǾɱңȻһӣҪôǾ͸ҳţʮһǲңǾ͵ҿǣ
ҲǽǱƵû˭Ҳһȥһġ
һʼٸ˸ĻҲûС
Ī̫̫Īͷ𾪵˿۾нƷħ˵ı飡
Ī϶ŵȫʼˣĪҲðյֻ˵˵ǮϷɿʱǰϼһﻰû˵㳯ȥ
ֱܵſڣĪүӲŻָָǮϣøҳϴ㣡
ǮϳŭĿӿٶȣˡš
ܣĪүӴһӼɱȥһĿڸɥ֮ȮһǮ׷ӳԺţЩҪչȥ͵Ҷײͷ
ҶҲǾһ̽ͷԺгզ£ǮϱŵⱼǸɱڵŵҲżһϾ飬תͷܣڿ£һͷڵϡ
ǮϸĪҵˣ۶һذ׵Ӱˤǰᵶǰ鿴
ҶϻŵӰŵáһܣǽǮվ˽Ų˰βŻԺš
ҶǱʮһ·СܣڵƤ˫֣ϥҲ۵òᣬҲ֪һҲˣۺĽίϲŵſھͱһˮŹȵĸо
ԺڴĪֺõӣΪϴɣ
ֵѵ⣺ˮóȥˣҲõˣ
Īɵվ⣬͵֮ˣǱõҲǻã
Ц˵Ҳǣ´ĪҪϴˮˣҸ׼һͰɺá
ĪȾ㣺ѽӣΪϲǺã
뻵ЦΪҲϲ㻵أ˿Ĳһ˲һŰ
죺أףҲһˣ
ĳŮɲסЦˣ
ĪȾ㣺׻ˣȥ
һףŶǿȥԣ
һںܿĵؽݣͷҶȫɪɪ̲סŭһߵԼŰϣʱ۵ʲôƢҲûˣֻ˱ŽǶ
ʱҶϹ޿䣺ӣǸСȻ˼ˮһˣһҪūҺúʰѽ


066 

ǰѹסʰһٲźҵ۵ȥسˣһ
ҶԶʱһջȴֲ÷ֻ׷ʣҪʱܻ
ִѣȴڵŰ룬ʵＱ죬ձأĪҪļҵˣҶʰʵʵ
ҶﰵģȴŰ뱻ͷúùһùĪҲһźáȵʱǵðǼ˵µͱƣƲͷ֮ޣ
ȴߵŰ뽿ģԽԽͣһ۾Ҷϵ
ʱ˯ȥҶϱһҲ۵òᣬȥʵǷûһ˯ʱ֪ʱѾˣҶϷ˷ƽűҩĲҩѾԹ⣬ȥųɡ
ֲǼգ·ʵúܣ֮һޣϻˣ붯ˣһԼôЩ궼û£ǲô׻ϣԲȥˡ
֪ԼٳҲʲôôҶѵʵڼϢҲûȥɧĪɣֻ֣̣Ī֪Ժ󶨻ʱԸĺûᣡ
Ůڼź£ȣ㳨ŴϣһѾõĺӾҺ԰͵Ҷǰģϣһ˲ߢ̬ﻹ̵סǣ롭
ҶҪУһ죡
ĪУͬһµ˾֪
˽ѦҲǴһ屣ͬʱĺ֮һƽţͶҶˣǰŹ
ĪҪװˣ˭㣿ֻҪԹԴңұ֤˵ȥ
ΣҶϼ㲻ӣҲҲɲѡ
ǣŮ˰ڳһίıűסˣ˵ʵϲȫǱƵģǶǰѾмӣֻǰûұ
Ѧϲ±㽫§̵һ۰
ѦҵˣҶϱռǺ޵òᣬпԣֻͷģгһĪܽȢؼУҲһţеأԹ˶飬гϢˣܳຣ뿪Сɽ壬ȥٷˣȥˡ
ҶֱѦ뿪˰ǿȥ޵˫ۼγѪ
ȴͷѦһʶɩһӲ߹Ͻֺôк
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ɩ俴һѦڿϵ֣һҲû˹ȥ
ѦںͷָûȤҲûôˣɩûҶ׽ڴôŮͬ죬ҧҲˡ
ת۹ȥգһж˳żȴһ׬ӣϣϵҩ̶˵ѰҩˣȴԾɴɽɽѰҩģҴһЩͷһسȥ
öͦãΪȥسܶЩǮڵر
ϾæͷȻʱͻȻһ˶ľУֱһ
ʮһ˽ŵػ࿴־еĲǵκһŲѰȥȴĪɺĪسǱ˹
ܰ
ɫȻ֪˺ʱɽȻǵܣ
һҿܣ
¨ҪܣĪɺĪȴ˹ͳסĪɺĪɡ
ĪҪߣҵǻںͷأȥǰ
ɺɷؿǮϺͰ롣
ü˶ˣ
ǮȴǿǱķǱһǺٻĸˣܺҲ˹ۺųһ亹
ҵҸ磬塢塭
ҵܣϰˡ
ɫĪ͸ˣȫ˼Ľࣿ
ҿܣɲԼߵһᡣ
ߣĸߣҿ
ĪɾȻһѽ񵶼ĪɵĲϣش󺰳ȥҵҵܣҾԲ
ǮôУſ磡˭Ǹˣô̫𣿡
һߣܣȥˡ
ĪɳۿŽܲϵĪɣ޵ҧ
ߣͬɩȥˣˣҪչ˺òʶꡣ
ǮϼŰ볯Ǳܺķȥʹʧȥ׷ȴס
ɩӣĪȥߣĪҪң
ʵҲˣֻаĪйֲͬⲫֻܸң
ӺǮ벻ͨͷܡ
ǮϻͷĪɺĪ˶񵶼ϣһͷܣǺ޵˼Ī˵˽ֱ˷ָԼȥȼˣȴҪҵȥȣĵ


067 ɱ

ܱ߽ʮļ֧װãͷĪɡ
סҵĻܵÿ죬һȻ͸ϽܣٶʲôҪܣ
ĪɱˣȫߣûҪôԸܣֻܹԹԵͷ
ˡ
˵űĪɺĪ˹ܵķܣֵܾȻһ仰Ҳû˵໹űܹ֮һеȥˡ
ǰԶܵĺ˵ĲҽȻѾ˱׷ˣҼˡ
ʾĪɷͷܳûԶ㿴ĪĪҲɫ˹ȥΨûĪ϶
ܺڶߣֳǰ˼һͷ׳˶ĳܣֱײ׷һǺˣĪ϶
Īۼ͵壬˶һ˳ȥĪ϶ֱĳȥ׶Զײһϣػȥܺ˹ȥſѪڣ۳ҪһҧȥĪ϶Դಣһ죬ϵ
֧žܵĲϡ
ʹһȴδأŭתŰķ˹ȥ
ɣһȻ
֪ܲܣֻڴĪɵϣԭĪɸȡޣĪ˵ãӣԼҪ
ֻҪϽżԼԶݷɱֻܣǷžУĪû׼ãȷһܵĳޡ
Īۼͷġٽصܵͷȥ׷ˣҲ˲ͷ־壬Ͻһ
ֻǿϧδѧ˵õѹ֮Ҳ㲻ƽ̲סֶǼû䵽ܣƫ˲֪١
鼱֮׷ܺͷ˹һȴԾδУѾܵûͷͷԶײһƬĴ죬ĪɳôҲûܽܵעߣ
ĪҪˣԼ취
Ҳ֪϶Ī䲻УԼٳ
Īɰռˣĵһ˾Ȼ˼ңܹȥ
Ҳ˺ݣվ½ŲŬס˫֣ಣһһ
ңһˣҺɲɣͷܵβ͸
һ´̼ɴˣʹűȲмҪܲס໵زҽһ͵һתسĪȥ
ĪԼһ͵طӦɲǸ˵ʱתųһôȥʮױ㵽£ͷܾȻ*ͷʹ̼ܵ÷ɿ죬۳Ҫ׷ˣ
ͷɤ﷢˻ĪͷƤһ飬Ϻëȫĵˣˡ
ڸоצҪԼʱһ죬ƺһˤ˵ϣĪҲ˲ϻͷڵǿô׳ĴͷֽŲõسȥ
һ亹ػͷȥʱͷͷȥ׷롣
Ϊ˾ĪɣһδĻᣬʱĺЩ˽һһգҺӦѸٵŤסһԵСľûȥͷһһǾȻǸĿӣͷЩ֦ӣҲ֪ǲǴǰµ壿
һͷֳˣ뵱ϣҲˣǸӵıԵܵӶȥӭͷ´˼
ʮףףסܱǰʱܴŵһ
Ŀ꣡ͷȫɱĶһ٣ʹצֱ˽Ǹ
ٶȴһܱúһϢֱû˶
ȫѰ亹Ŵõļ̧ͷ򻹱ϴĪɡ
ˡ
Īѵʿˮ󡭡ɩ㡭զô
޵ֻޣҪ˺ܰŲĸԼҪΣŲͷƴأ
Īյӱ߿ŵڿӵһĴܣһĺ¡
߰ɣˡ
±ӣɱɱˣ취ŪȥϺüӣ
ĪҲǣƴˣŪȥҲ̫
Ȼ˶ѲӵסϵѪζȻתɽߣȥæϾǿ׶˾ûͷôصܸŪ
ûԶǾͿµĪ϶θһɽͷ͡
ɽʱͷ޺ǽȥҵȳҾͿ
ûУǸϽȥˣҶи̣ĪҴϵ£ԲŹЩȵĶ
ѽѽǻҵ
ǮϷŭػغ𣺡ǷɣɺѾȥˣǻأ
Ҳò᣺˻ܲҪЩ˭ˣԼȥˣõ˲ˣô磿
Ҳû㲻ģ˭ǵģƾʲôҪȥǼҵˣ


068 Т

Īһɽֱ˱ݷһ߼˶ɽϣǱĪҵܳԶõĪǱвȥˡ
ӿĪɼĪ϶ˣȫϲرǰ
һ룬ŵشû°ɣûˣ
ַĪ϶ǮҲǰҶǷû£
ǱĪ˿Ī϶ܳˣɿĪɣһ뱼˹
Īɺ޵˫ͨ죬صԼһߵǰĪ˰ߡ
˻ûɿĪҵֿ޺
ĪɺĪޣ㲻
ʼָǲЩȥˣŻŪ
뱻ŭ˫ֲ֫ŭȥǷƨԼ˭ˣ˭ˣĪ˵˭Ǿˣ
һ׳ֵܡ峤׵ܣ˼ȥˣ
˵ѾðǾˣûȳҲԼΣ˭ǵָˣ
Ͻ˹ȥо˿ɾͲܰģǰģ
УټŽаɣгͷû˾ǣ
ĪȺ˱첱Ӵ֣˵ܻгʱŵøĪ϶Ļæ˻ˡ
ĪɼԶſ˵˸ղž˵ľǾĶǣǶ԰뽫ɱѣ
˵ҪȥܸŪ뵽ܶ׬ʮӣ˶ûںõҩ˸طغãýСطɽ֡
ΪÿͷܶԼأͷܸԵܻûռƬطһߵǸӱϺ˵ûκҰޡ
ʮһ˺⣬ˣֿ׳ʵľܣĸһ̧ţ̧֮ɽ֣ڵҩĲһˣҲûٵ飬ֱӻس̡
صʱʵ˲Сĺ䶯Ͼ̧ͷܻļ̣
ֱ̧ܱȥĪϴң¿ɺˣȫ׶˹ȥԺԺΧ㣬ȥܵģȥġ
˼ҪЩԣвֱڴϾˣȥسٽơƤܵȷֱʡЩҲܶ׬Щӡ
Ǽ˱㵱ʼʰͷܣΪ˷⣬Ҳûϴˡ
ָָ㣬˶ͷӣּĪ̫̫Īүɱ˹˱Ժп޺
ɱǧѽҶڲɽǵնɱ׬ӣǶȫͷĶѽ
Ī̫̫ޣĪүӾûĵҶͷˣܿҶģ
Ī̫̫ӿڣôʸͷܰȫҼ϶ģϸ˸ҩǮŶԣô˼׬ǮǲҪ
뿴Ʒ϶һ
ǡĪɱӼи˹ŲҴұߣºӱִ˫ϸ鿴
ӣûУΪ˵ͷܻӰҪΪˣҪȥΣյĶǱţΪҪûӻˣ
뱻ʵͷһίĸԱ˳ŵҪЩֵܣؽɽͷǱ׷Թ岻ܣõɵĲӽȥˣ
ҺͶƴȥ壬ҲûˣǡŸ彫ܵ˽ȥҺͶһ׼Եùͷʣɱ·˵ܣô塢һ֮ˣ
Ī۵׺һƬҧ߷ߣ£ǧĪҪǣԼӴˣ๼
ǣԼǳΪϲĪȾ±㵱ԸĪףҲͬЩֻǮĳ
Ī̫̫ĪүԴŭ
ĪɣСҪˣָӣҿ游
ǸûĶʥ飬ʥǾ治˽ףҲ𲻴Ӧ
Ī治ɫڵԺԻТĪТĪαТҵһ˵ҪЩ˶ΪΪʣΪТҲˣ˶Ͼϵܱ٣ΪТ
͵ǲٸ游ĸƽǵТģǱ㵱ͬһ㣬֮ϾϵӿһݶϾ飬д֤
ӴһĪף游ĸκλĵ֮٣ҲЦˣϾǶˣοӺǼˣҲΪʣʳӣ


069 ʨӴ󿪿

ʵ̲סȲʣǲѣһˣ
Ī̫̫ĪүӲǰڿТ˵ҲТ˵£ʥ͵ĻТױǾǺΪʣʵǴТ
˵ҪͬĪүӶϾϵΪΪТĪүӵΪʡʳӵ
Ϊ˲ĪүΪʣԾȫ˵ТһֻĪүӶϾϵˣ
ֵĴ޲þ
⡭⵱ʥ˵Ļ
˵úð⸸ĸȴֻ֮֮ҲȷǹΪ˵ģ
ǵТҲǿ˲ǳ
ĪүӴŭƨӵ쾭壬ôТֻТ벻Тû˵ôТĪҪС仰ڲȥǸТӣĪҪΪ˼ʥܺ߰˳
Ī̫̫ҲĪûϢĶѽֻɥһǶƼˣǰ׼ҰǼϴôӣǰ׼ҼֱͲţĪɸ˻˴ˣȻҲɥǣάΪӶ棬ʵ硭
̲סߣˣˣ游ĸˣǽչĿˣҪӣ˼ΪңˣһõӵĿ𣿣
Ī̫̫ĪүӱʵһǵȻǳģֻϻͳ
Ǯ͵ؽĵһ磬̧۷ߺ޵ؿĪҶϡ
ɣ˵ģдһݶϾ飬һҴӽͬĪҳ׶Ͼϵ
Īɵͷͻؼȥȡī
ĪүɫһڣôӵۣǸңҶû˵⻰Ǹ˽дϾ飬ͲⱲ̧ͷ
Īֱ̫̫ѽһ֮δڣЩТ͸ﵽͷʺˣĪϴѽҿ㻹ôϣ㻹ء
Ǯҧһĥʯᣡĥ
ҲֻɭĿⶢǻűĸߵĪ̫̫Ҳ֪أĪ̫̫Ȼоͷһ䣬ͻȻͣ˶Щ㤵سһͷӣǮϡ
Ҳ˳Ŀ˹ȥƼǮĥʱȫɭɭҲЩ𣬲ɣҪѵĥֱӿǰ϶ɣ
Īүľ뵽ǰǮŲҪǵһĻָסǮϣ㡭ôЩڴˣ㡭㻹õŻǣ淴˲ɣ
ǮҧЦŻϣ뱲ͬ˱ϵūһʹĸŻţֻǱƵһҲò廹ݣ治һ˻·ǳɣΪܵظܼТ˳ϣֻ·ˣ
˵űᵶվĪ̫̫ĪүӺһ
ӺϸϽǮס
ɩӣĪҪ嶯ǰӶ˻˷ˣ
ǰĪɩȽӷ£лú˵
ǮյֱָĪ̫̫˵һҽձ壬ĪҶϾϵǴӦǲӦ
Ī̫̫ŵɫ㡭ĪҪңȥ
ǮҡͷҲТ˳ǣǣֻǣ
ĪүӺ޺һľȣҪͬ⣬ǾһǱͬһ壬Ӵ˲ͬĪаֹϸ𣡡
Ī̫̫ͷһϲҲŴͣԣóһӣȨǶԵӾТզզأûٹ
ü벻ϼһȻ̰ģھһӣֱʨӴ󿪿ڣ
ǮҲɫһ䣬۷ڣֵֶڲ
ããһǰɣǵţܹһӣĪҵԵ
룺
Ŵˣ˰ɣΪԼҲܱǰ׵һһô׬
ȻǮϵĻһڣǱĪ̫̫Īүȫϲֳ
ǮϣбóһӳֻҪܾТĪҲȱһ
ֵĴҲǮɵˣһôãΪһӦôҪ
ҶڶǰסĪ̫̫Ϸˣүӣһˣοֳ㣿
˵ôϾϵӷ˵ĶʵǺТ˳ϵģϿģĪҪϻϻǸϽؼЪЪɡ
Ī̫̫¿ûУһӶﶼТģһģΪĻֵܼܻģͺզأЩӽԱͭסֵ˵Ķۡ
ĪүǰһࣺߣҪϾϵǱϣĪɣ㵹дǶϾ鰡λ׽վ͸֤ҿһָôóһ죿
Ͻ䣬ҡͷ


070 һδƽһ

ȻĪҲ֪ʲôа˳Ƶģѵûֹ˼
ӷģΣΪձдϾ飡
˵ͷҲصسԺؼȥıīֽȥˣ
ӺĪƿȺ߻ԺУһƵֽһ֧ͺֱһ᷿дϾȥˡ
ĪүںͷĪҪдһ±㲻
ĪȾ㱳Ӱǰδеֱģˡ
Ͻȥֽ̿ĥˡ
๫ɵ˰ɣҪһ
ĪһۣӣգΪ򶨲ӦΪȴãһ֮ϾǻὫһ˵Ѫեһɶֹ̰֮
ʱĬˡ
˵ûĪҾѪϼһΪТѹեһһˣ˵һ׬֮ףиͬǳ׶Ͼһ׬ǮҲӣһֱȺѪɾ
ĪȾһ߷ɿдŶϾ飬һƵؿڡ
ӿ֪ĵ
벻ΪͻȻ˵Щʲô
Īԣ´ңʮϣҴ֮ʫ鴫ִ֮󴫼ң
ֻƲף㲻֪ϧɣݶͣ˼ȡϰԣֱɽգĲ֮֮ƣǺ£Ǳ͸棬壬ҩɾȣ
Ȼǰˡ
ϸ֮£һӲѽҲ˵һǷ᲻˼ȡηһ͹һ˰ɣ߳ײָˣǼһԼĶһ
ĪɼĪҪЩǮмǡ
룺⻰ö֪𣿣
ĳгЦһӣǷΪܲТ
һۣ˵أ
Ī˱ʣδɵīǼӿԸΪԾТģļһ
ȻһüΪһýǮֺùţһʮТϱĴŶøơ
ĳСϱɬشյǰֺãӣǲϲΪСƣҪۼż׬Ǯ
Цβϲϲýأ׬ǮʲôҲҪ׬Ǯȥɣⶫýȫ˶ӡӣĪһӷڵĻᣡ
Īһͷ˵ǣΪȫӵģ
ֹ꣬ŶϾ᷿ԺкЩֵĴӳӵţջش岻õүˣüվڵԺ
ƼĪɳүӳڣĪɣĪǮϣǿɶˣҪϾ飿
Īɵͷүæ֤
ǮҲվȫ棺үһ˶ˣֻ֤ܰǣǾڣ
үӻЩɣĪǮϣͲ㵱ҵ
˵ĪɺĪɱ㽫ĪϺ˳
ĪϺϢصؿڣүͬ⡣
ǱĪүŭһͬɲɣûһֲҶ֮ǸþТһ׳壬ҿɲӦ
ĪɽһʽݶϾ˫־үӣүĿͷһӵдһһӾԲʣǮ֮գһʽͬĪһϵ֮ʱүλ׶Ǽ֤
үӺôǸʶֵģǶϾһ飬˶˸һĵȷȷ˵һԾȫТ֮Īϴһ㳹Ī֮¡
Ī̫̫ĪүӶˣͷӡĪϴҲȻ̾ϢŰӡֽܻȥ˰뱲һֱТ벻һջᱻƵϡ
ǩ֮Ҳæ֤ǶϾϰӡүʱǶϾ飬ȵĪϴһҰӶ壬ϾŻʽЧֱ𽻸ĪҺĪϴһΪƾ֤
ôһ־ʱѾ磬ͷҲӺϵ˴ˣڣҲ˸Ҽ£Īһ߸̫ƽ⣬µɢûʱĪԺָ˰
ɫѾڣүȴʼûߣվԺпŴǽֱԺûʲôˣָָʣµһ⡣
˵⼸մϱǽɽջǲģû뵽ǾȻܶԻˣ˰
빧һ񣺡үˣʵҪԵģΪ˾Ҷ壬ҺͶɲŲòðȥɱͷܣ˵ʵǡõһ壬Ķˣ
үӺǺЦǿϱϴҾͬ˵Ǵ˲ףŵǾʹһһҲĪҪֻżơ
׵ģãܶ·ҲǵĶ飬߳㷽ԣǺڷɽΣգһҲܶһֲǣ


071 Ӷ

ϵ±£̾˿
⻰˵ûүܱ֤ҴŴһɽͲ
ĪҵҲˣһˣ廹ƴȻģǳҪӲοˣ
׻˵ĸƤĺ£һҴŴһ﷢ƲɣļиʧҿɵΣ
ǺڷɽΣأ˭Ҳϲ׼᲻ˣǼǱβȥƴÿ˶˿ʱ׼ҲὫˣ˵Щأ˭ܱ֤Ҳһһ˿ܻ׼
үӱֱⷬ˵ҲһüĲ˵
Ҳһ죺ү治ô˽ģǺڷɽҲûǶռȥԼȥ£ֺαطҪͷƽ׸ôΣҪ˭˴ȥܸˣͷϸʮ˵˭ԩ
үɫһصһۣ춾˲ҩݣǲǽɽΣ
Ц˵ѽүҪ˵ҩݵ£ٽɽʱһЩǣȽ̸ϣٽ̴ȥʶ
һǵϣǺڷɽϻ룬ȥЩҰֺôȫ׼ҪһۣñһѷƷȻȥ
бǣ¶ôԸԷźãǸǹ֧֣¾ͻᱻָĶǽɽδñкñ
үɫѿ˼֣ȴ޷ϰ˵
ֵүҲĪ˵һΪ룬ЩĲһƬ˾֪飬¹ǽЩá
ǮһòӴᵽүǰ
үΪ˴ææ⣬ʵýһ⣬ûȥɡ
үæȥزأҲףȥɣʱҲˣͻˡ
ǰӹ⣺๫ؼ˳·үɣ
Ī˶ӣŰһүͳ⡣
үĪǷ񣬱Ͼ˽ɽ̫ˣҲƼˣڷɽﲻж٣ǽܻŻǲף治뵱ʱûе
ϣ˼ҼҶܺùĺ£Ըɽһʲô£Ҳǲ뿴ġ
үҩݵҿԽ̸ȥʶ˼ǷУ
һ·ֽϵ˵һ飬·ʱŽϵүӡ
ûȥɣͶɩҲҰζǴЩĪҪ
Ȳ˵͸үӵģĪҪүӵǲپֻֽܾ˹ȥ
ҾʹͶɩллⷬˣҩ룬»ؽɽȴЩɣһܲǻ¡
Īһ񣺡Уүߡ
ĿүӵӰԶȥĪϰС֣ĦԱôֲڵָ⣬ǲͺ¡
ӣΣ´ΪҪͬһɽٶȥˣ
ҲһӲ˴գܵľʵ˲СӰԽԽǸо
벻ȥҲɣ๫øϽǿ׳ҿָ㱣أ
ĪһֱŶӣһֽΪǿ׳أúñӣ
ҲСֱϰĲӣףҲҪף
ĳŮ§סһһСЦãүɵúúñҲųɣںö÷û
ĪɵͷˣӿߣؼôٲͣΪιԣ
룺ڰɣ
ȥҶںͷԶԶţʵֶֺޣ
˸磬ƺŵζ̧ͷ죬谵һƬ·ơ
ƺҪˣ
΢ķȻ˹صζȻһĵ⣬յһһСݰ׵һ
룺⣬Ҫ´ˣؼҰ
һ·СұȥŽԺŴӱĪɶŴСУѽѽѽ
ȥţҲ˨Ժţӱȥ뽫һأͷѾһƬ
ϵƣϵķ˵ѾˣɿȵģеСǸоһů
ҶСܲ죬ûű㱻˸ĻʢһŵһæԺųȥ
һڣܸ׳ҲûУҶϱŵ齣ʪ·ȥҼɵĻ϶ȥԿ
Ҳ֪˶ã󴰴һ죬Ҷ͵סȥһ˭


072 Ҹô

Ѧ˽ңûڰɣ
ҶϸϽ򿪴ӣûУ
ݣҲûƣڰзɿ˱ѣ˽һŶ
ˣ
ҶϽͷѦ꽽þʪĻĪ˵ң
Ѧ㿪Ļ˵˵
ҶӿѦɣúúҲųɣұ˼۸ˣҪ
Ѧδ§ĸ۸㣬𣿣
ҶίˣǸϣҹȥ
ɽѰһ磬ĪɸϽҴҴӰ§
ӿˣ
ס䣬ĸң磡
ĳи˸ıĪЩСˣǶǼǣ
ͷţԸͣȥسҲͺˣٽɽʱܰȫ١
ĪţӷģΪ󶨻ģ
һ£˵Ҿͳˣ
ĳһĻŭţӦ˵ǣ˵ôǣΪȫӵģӣһ£ôô
ͻȻ˹ҲҪôô
룺
룺Һú˯˭˵Ұͷȥ
ϽرѣףѾ˯ˣĪҪͷȥ뽽ꡣ
ĪɣӣҲĪҪΪӳȥ˭ȡů
ݳ˫ۣˣһȥنҪˣϽģ˯
үĻٳֻĳŮûˣһ޳ֱ˹˿˯¡
䴽ǣֻҪһһҸʵô򵥵¶
ϧʱ겢δֻͣǴС꣬µķ
˷ɫԾģһͷЩûš
ȻǼԱҪ£˹˵ʴϺţϳȥسǡ
һϲô˼ɵö޴Щźá
ЦĪҪһͰˮϺʰϴģҹͬ˵ģǲȥҰɣҲȥһسǵıӣЩҩǴԼüǮǼϳȥɣǻ׳Ҳ½ë
вͬĵţ㲻Լʮ·Ҳܵģ˵ţҪҩҪ⣬˰
ɣұ㲻ȥˣҰӸ㣬ҩܴչӣǾٸӰʮҼ๫ҲҪһɽˡ
Ӧ£ãǼҲԼ£ͷܣ˶ӲպùãҲһѣɽɾͰȫˣ
ΪϲӽɾͺˣЩɣ·ߣһҪСġ
ЦӦİɣ塢ţ̧ܸ¡
ٿ죬µļƻȻȥسǣǾͳɽЩȥ
˵⼸սɽиСջǾɽз˺öζƷҰɽ˵¶δȴ֤ʱûЩζƷڣֻǻ֪ЩܳԣҺóԣ
Ѿˣɽ˹ͲһЩһӣµıȶսЩõȥȻüǮ
԰緹Сʰñ¨ϳͷ׼뽫ýʵĶ̽Ҳ˳һѸĪɱϣһԼ
̽ɷˣҪСģĪҪ˵Լ
ĳиϽǶ̽γ˿һ֮ʵȣһԣα㺮ɭɭ
ЦΪ۹Ⱑ๫ɵúˣһԶܶΨʣ
ĪȾһϲ֮ص˵ͷǺһԶΪһҪ̽úţ֤ᶪ
վмͷŵеĶ̽ЩĽգգڰ׷Ĵۡ
ףҲҪ
»У̫СˣԼٴһЩײõĽʦǿ书òã
ϲϲסӣҪѧ书ã
ĳжʱĽӣΪҲҪѧ书ѧ书Ϊܸõرˣ
Цһۣѽֻ¸ϰǿϣ
ĪȾֱͦϸݵˣ˫ȭ˻ӣĪҪСΪΪݣȫʹ
룺
Ҳ֪ĸ÷ˣʹû׼ϰϰܽǿҲ˵
ðɣǾ͵Щʦһ˭ѧúã
үһۣʻһƤǵȭͷǿ̷ĳ嶯оȽʲҪ£
һ³ţ˵ЦػĪңǮϣɽ
·Сۻţֱ߲ɾϲһҹõϱԽԽٵַ࣬պñǣ
ڵ²˿֪Σڱƽ


073 Ҷ

뱳Īɣſشһ죬űͨһ
ػ˻ͷĪ˵ڵأһŸվ
˭ΪҪˣ
ѦҲ£˫̰شŰ毺õݡ
ٺ٣˭ãϣҲ̫Ŀ˰ɣ
䱸ʮؿѦʲô
ѦǸľϵĵ˵ࣺôСӣ㳤..˵һôҪ...
֪Ͱ˴Σ϶ԤıǿɽģĻ⾹Ҫ...
ϵСͷ棺ĪҪҲ
ѦὫľԭҶϳһŰòûҶϣҲŹ˶
ۼһһ˼תҪ
ǳ˲ͱһֱȡֻͱһֻδֹж񣬿ɱˣӲŸҪùʵڲԼ鷳
ߣߣ
͵ָѦ֦ߣ
Ѧ֪߶̲࣬סͷȥδҵߵӰӣϱһʹ
СͷԴ£ŶҲ׼رͷȥѦԶûԳһ˵˵ϡ
ҲˣĪȾߣòײŽŪѹ
๫๫ô
ĳ̧ҵԴ۵һĸң
ָһԵѦ๫˭Ȼ㣬۸ңҺһ飬ƭ˵ߣͷҲˣ
Ī͵һ˲ͷʹҡҡλվȥѦţ޺޳
.........͵Ϯң۸ҼӣҲ㣡
룺
ðԭѦ屣ˣ̫ΪҲұе㣡
룺
룺๫գ߲°鷳
ĪȾߵһĽżæסѵǣϧǸϽȥɣ
Ǵ⣬ʰһµϵĿ񣬱¨ߣ˭Ҳûעһ뿪֦֮ϵѦűߣҶ࣡
ѦߴԼǸоů⣬Ȼ˳ĿĿȣһ·ȥ
Ҳ֪˶ãĳܲλ͵شһɾʹȻʹѹϵʹûֱץס˿ɣ
˾ţһҧȥѦٶȲҺųæҵؽ߳ʱѾҧ˺üڣ۵شҺ
ҶСҲСѦҧ˼ȴδҲûȥʹֱ絶ʰܣشȥȶ
үӴŴ˵ʱѾȥ˰ʱѦǱ֪ҧˣҲ˲׷֮ˣϸ˼飬ãһǽ
ѦҧĲλѾ׳ͷС߶ɢǲˣϱҲµĴ˺ˣ״أΪðŴĴҹ䣬ܵͷȥ
Ѧ۵ȥΧָָ㣬ֻпԣȴֲ֪Լȥ˭
Ҷϣ޴İ룬ߣǺԼùֻʵˮ....ξ䵽㾳أ
ĪɶһۣѦǶж񱨣Ҫ̫ã
Ҳֻ̾Ѧȣ䵽³ҲԹˣ
ĪɣϣҿյҲĪҪ׷ˣѦɻүѾͷҲˡ
һ꣬Ѧɫ˾ֻ֪ϲ񣬿˼ĪĿŵԱ͵Ϯ˼ң۸˼ӣбӦˬɫ졢ĲҲûˣ
Īɰӣûؿڣү˵ˣǱȫƾɣҶҼ£֮±㲻׷ϣһҲúƣүǳ۾ģж֮˵ıӦ
ѦϱֻˣѦɱǧѽⶪ۵£ûֱҧ㡭
뱾ֻˣҲ󻹵СļСĲųɣ㲻þͻðЩ񾭲һӲ
˽Ѧ̧˴ӱɢˣĪɽүͻؼȥֵ˷л뿪ߵԺſʱǡɩ
ɩһԣЩֹ


074 ҸŮ

Ȼתˣ๫ȻذɣͬɩЩ强Ҫ˵
ɩĪɫɣЦų٩Īֵ㻹ҽӹ߲ɣֻ߰ɣȥܱٽš
ĪȾֻùı¨Լһһһȥ
ɩƧſڣѦҿûô򵥣ҴѸݺ󾭹պƼſŮԺ밡ɩǾ˺ãһǸҶǶûôģ
Ȼ򣡾˵ǸѦôô񾭲ԭҶϸĹ
ɩֵȥԺҾ͸оҶΪ˲ôֻǵʱ˽Ҳû죬ֳ£ٲ˵ɩˣ
Ҷϻ㲻ɣֺܶû׼Ǻ㣬ʹѦ㣡ѦҲûźȥҵû꣬ҪСġ
벻ɩģﲻɸмɩӣҪлл£ʵҲֵ£֪òͬ㽲
ɩƺ˾˵ɣɩҲǸо˿ɽŶֱͬԣϣҲҪҼ⡣
뻹Щ£»ɩӵģԲһֱûҸ㡣
ɩɫࣺӣҴҲܲµ˵ôˣǲ磿
Ϊѵص˵ͷţҲзֵģȥɽڿһֻ񼦣û׷ȥȴ׷־Ȼ磬ںҶϡģûͬκ˵
ɩӷŭҧҧøҶϣͿö벻ң
סɩӣǧĪҪҾһֱû˵£ҲΪ㽻ģҲʵǲ˼㡭
ɩӿЦ֣ѽ˵ôͻȻҪҽأǲǾΪ
뵹Ҳֹ̹ΪΪҶҼ๫ǮʹݵңýҼ๫ȢŮ̫ˣ˵ˣʵƲۡ
ɩͬ飺˵ûŮЩǸúʰʰŶԣܽΪҸŮ۸
ǣôأûǰ㲻ҪֶΣ
ɩһ˼⣺ôЩ庺ҪȢǲ˳ˮۣٳһ׮£
Ҳףֱ׽ҶϵļǺеͨģϾͨ׽ˣɩӺҲÿǵ߳ŭɩʧͣԣҶϼ޵Ҳʧһ⣡
֪ɩҪϣ
ɩЦ˸ֱʱãЩɽҲף¾ͽҰɣƵ⡣
ûٶԣԹԵлǾͶлɩӷˣ
ɩһۣҶ˲֣߰ɣĪҴɵȼˣȥ
һ·˵ЦصҰָɩһţɩҲûҲóԣԼпһɽȥڣ뿪
ĪҲδɽڵĿݺϣɫԾţɳ̾˿
ҲͣҪЪһղܽɽˡ
ĪȴܿģôЩ죬ýЪһЪŽɽ˵
һۣĴ󣬾ͲļＱǮҪҩĪǱ߻Ҫһӣʲôʱ׬ѽУҲĪҪиܽɽͺȥһָأ
ĪɸϽͷӷģΪ򶨻úö飬ӵһǻڴ֮飡
ߵǰü˷Щ飺ˣ
ĪȾ㲻˼ɦɦͷƤʵʵЩҶܵ
벻ŵһұһ
ֻῴһۣ㿪ʼʱǰ㿨ǵĵطҲޣ
ͣͣͣⱳɣ˼ɶˣ鲻ǣҪͨ⡣
Īɵͷ˵ǣΪˣҪֽ˵ű´𣡡£Ϊһʶְɣӿѧ
ĳŮǰʮļһѧЩʲôã˵ʶ˺
ҾͲѧˣֻЩ㱳˻ôȥûѽ
ĪΣǡΪֻЩ顣
룺˵ǵøϽ׬Ǯøīֽ⣬鼮úö飡
ðɣˣ׬ǮȸЩֽʻ
ԹĪɶĪңӺҲȥˣֱʱȥسǵ˲Ż
ţѾȥˣȫ꽽ûʪ͸ű¨Ժӣȴڼ
λӭȥϲָԼҺӲãΣһ·϶˳ɣ


075 Ǯ

ĪɺܿĵһĨһ߻ػ
·ϾǲߣسǶͦ˳ȥҩģǮϻҪЩͳʮǮʮӣܵҩҲˣһܵ˶Ǯӣ
Ҳûͬһ͵سǵ̫¥ٶӣϰ彫һͳ˰
Ƥ͵Ƥӣƹ˵Ƥϼ̫ˣֻһӣЩȫһʮһֱ࣬ӰǮˣȻȥ˱ӣÿҶҪĶ
ҲǴΪϲͷڴʮټϽЩһͷܽʮӣʵǱʲСջ
ӺϡľҲΪģ˶Ͷ̽Ъһ죬öҵطȥ
֮ǰľЩɣطҳӲͣĶ¶˼֣ҲƼˣֱӿ˿ڡ
ӣֵܽúãǽɽٴһɡ
ľϺҳȫһĴϲ
밡̫ллˣǼҾһȥ׬ǮҲŸʮ壬ʵǲ˼졭ллɩӣ
ҳһߵлһ񣺡ллĪɩҶúϰ󣬱֤ϴҵĺȣ
Ц֮ǰҽȥΪʵΣգЩȫˣҲüסܵʲôʱ򶼵ýȫڵһλųɣ𣿡
೤صͷɩӣףҲǺڴҽɽģһ
ˣǮϻصҲһֹ
ֻѯҲʲôҪ˵𣿡
Ǯ̾˿Ǵ˾˼ҵǮҲѣǱ˻٣ʮӵóġۣǰҽʮûҴӦ
Ҿ룬ܴҡּҺһ׬ǮܲҲɼ˾˼ҵģ
һŲҪʲôͿ˰ɣ
ĪɲؿҲΪˣǮҺּһһӣ˵壬˵ǱĪǱ߻ԶһЩܺһģ
ǽɽ»ãһ⣬Ī˵룬ҺּİõĲ𣿡
ǮϱúݵһۣҲôһ˵ϾֵܣܰͰѣ
λ˺ԼϽڰο⣬˵ܴǽɽ׬ǮǶʮǿԵģⲻһܽǮҵѴ˵ǲǣǼǮãʱҺʹӣòã
ǮԹֵ˶һۣŵ˵ͷҲֻˡ
ؼ·Īر𲻺˼
ӣǧĪҪʵǮҶǼԶĪҪãÿλǰɽ嶼СǼöŻǮǱߣǮҲ׬ϵǮ
ЦףǮվǽģûϣԼҲ׬ЩǮֻɽ·ͬСɣ⼸ŵŵģ˭Ҳö·ǡ
ĪɽסС֣ΪӲףӷģô룬ΪҲǮǱߵң
ΪοһݳָֻҪҾ͹ˣ챧Īꡣ
Ѿĸ˯ˣĪɸϽջֽã˹Ƥ
Сɰæôʱ䣬ɰȴֻвһʵ̫ˣҪǮĵطȴòУ
ָɽҲǲģΣգ׵ˣأøְȫķʽ׬Ǯųɡ
ڶȻδ磬Сһֱ˱¨ͻĪңȻŶɡɡСɣһɽֵܵСɣͰһ߿һڿ
ûʱ⼸ҲɽˣֱдƬӣСö˿񿳹ˣ˺ǿտֻʣЩ׳Ĵٸ㿳ȴպÿУ
ǶǱֵĺȥͰһ
һȺʵɽ˺þãֱʮ÷סˣŻϲϲػش塣
¨ӿ񣬶ɺɰŸͻ˼ңȫϣһҲȥˡ
ڰʱɫڷ磬˱˵ڶɽ
һ׼ʳһͰⷹɷӣҶţδһ˱ˡ
ᳵ·ڷɽ£ѡһλɽʮһ߿·һѰҩģֱһʱҵһƬ߲ܼĵطͣ¿ʼھ
뿴һܣͬҿƬҩĴԼж٣ǺܶĻǲԱϼ壬һԷҰ߰ȫû׼ܶЩջ񣡡


076 һ

ɵõ˵ͬĪɵһ𤵽ߡ
Ϊͬһӡ
ЦɲɣȻҺ£
⻰ǲӣĳȴ㲻ֱӺֵܣɡɣúǵһ
˶ٻļ޲ЦȴҲûƣȥˡ
ĪֵϸһȦط߲࣬㹻ϺüգﲻɴǻϲصһҩĵطϢ˴ң˶˼ˡ
ǾЩ壬ҪãĪҪԼȵͷ
˵Ҫʲôӣʮ˲һȣ
˵ʵֻЩִ򵥵Ĳ壬壬ǣ֦ķļľ壬дݿӼӼ壬Լնʽľ塣
ҵţ룬զôЩ
ϵĸпҲǴҵĸпǵһİ
أĪʱˣеȥ壬Ǽҩ
̶жӣڿӣףæ˽ʱƬ߲ܼΧʮ塣
뿴˿ɫѾ磬úдҶʰسˡ
һʱ󶼻˿ɽ·ͷڵҩԲ࣬ɼصдһҩʱҲǾϲѣ
ǮϡϺӣһʮ೤ĸ˾Ȼ˶ٶͷ߲ΣԼʮӲֹ
Ŵһɫһϲ
ҿˣƬطرʺ߲塢ݵĴرĶ࣬ȫڻ˵϶
ǰѼֵùǺæһ춼ˣ˵ظϢȥˡ
Īɻؼ֮ǰȹȥǿڻصȫҩݰ˱ǩүӶϹˣŻؼҡ
Īǵһνɽ֮δָصʱ˶Ҫ̱ˣǸȥ۵ֱ
ջ벻ͬһɽˣǾ͹ԹԸҽЪϢȥ
ĳϢ֣ĪҪΪֻΪݣҪߡ
ʱûƢˣֵؿһۡ
Ǿʵţȣ׸óԵġ
Թţ׷ģ׼õ
Сģߣߣ䣬ȥǸȣ˴Т˳
ĳܼˣΪ޵س˳ӵĶ䣺ԣȥҲࡣ
룺
ŵüͷֳ˳
㲻Ŷܽȥأףԣɺã˷ٸȣ
͵ع˶һСԣУ׸ԣ
ĪίĽӣΪҲΪֻӣӣΪҲҪһ
ϵһָͷ첻
ĪȾˣΪҪ죬ΪҪ㣡
һۣĸҪ㣬ûɰ
ĳֻԼ˸СУӶĳ谮
ֳһľϻȦȦءֻҡأ㲻Ļϲˡ
룺ǲǶ̫ãҪ߳߾ˣ
ȥСűסӣݰ׵ĿϰһڣĪҪˣһϲòã
ĳдĨ˰Ѷ׵ϵĿˮҪ㣬Сӣ
Ϊѵؿ˿תͷܵǰ§ӣһڣָϽܻǱȥְһ¡
¿׵㡣
Īɣ
룺
һؿ˿ˣ׵ģ׹𣿵ĪҪٸ׵ˣһȥɡ
һ֣⻰ź죡
ĪȾǳ˳飺ĪҪõѵĻѵҶӣ
ͷţǵĶӣ˵ĪҪˣСƢҪԹײŻϲ㡣
ԽԽ֣ĳȴˣҶѧ־÷ɿ죬벻ƽ̵ЩҲ죬ȻĪɵĶӣ
һڣǱҶȴڼˤ룡
ΪԵģһýźϾңһ˵Ƿ֮ģҪ˵һź£سǣҵԶݣҪǮҶʮΪƸ
ҶϴΪ棬ֱͬһ²֪˵˾ȻǸ֣ЩһţǸб޵


077 

ҶҪˣϼһˣ
Ҳ֪εǸ鷳ϾүݣϵĻ⣬²ͬһȥҶ˵͡
ҶʵǲҸ߹ӺǼֵܣһүôôѱһ˲ٽһΣ
ȹϵһ㽹Ѱò׵ȵҹıѣŮȥֺá
磬ɲܽҼ޸ǸְסسǣҲ뿪㣬³ˣһ׼Ҫ뿪Ǵӣ˿Ǻãӡ
ڻǽһж
㣿ҵҲ֪ôаƺҪһ˼ңԶֵ˵ӴңɵɥӪɼҾȴҲٺ»ӹõǺãҵܼ޸ĸ
Ҷ϶ʱ޵øˣСȭͷᴷؿڿߣôҪ뿪㣬ҲŲҪ°뱲Ӷˣҿôѽ
§һƻĩֽػ
ҵСĸΣΣ
ҶϽεεسһŮӣأݲҼعˣֲȢңҲֻܾǴѡˣѡõˣͲܽҶ˷ֿˡ
벻ȻԼ˳ģʵжһѡ
ñ粻ǲȢ㣬Ҳãҵﲻͬ⣬ҼǸĸϻףŻ۸˵ɣĸ翴صķϣȫԸԳ
ҶϹ˼˰šüĿڣҪ˵ǴûõĴԼĪ˰ɣպҲҪʰǸϣϽ˷ֿҼ޸ĪɣǾҲõһʱĵˣ
뵽룬ͷʱһɧ
ƣǺѽ
ҶϽҡҵĺö簡˵ʰǸϣ㶼û
һЦ˭˵ûⲻ֮ǰͬҵ˵СǶɽûͬ⣬ɽЩҩ͵ҼȥˣҾͬҵɽȥЩҩĺòڡ
Ҷ϶һټƻ˵ֻҪɽһὫߣɽжҲֻǱҰ޸ˣ⻰Ҷͷ
ãһҪЩȥǧĪҪʧˡ
Ű֮Ȳڴա
ȴǰûϵһ˽ɽˡ
ᳵ·ֱҩĵطز÷ɽ·ͷһʡ˰ʱʱ㵽Ŀĵأȥ鿴һµ壬һʵǾϲ
ЩֻӺһֻӣľ˰ӣȻнȥһֻɽèɽèƤëǲϧͷСֲܳԣҲɱƤֱӸˣ˿ĵﾹȻһֻҰ
ͷĸͷжٶѾڿµļòˣһ£ûֶֻЩݣѪζʲôҰޣһҪҩģȥʱٰŪ̧ߡ
ôһ㿪ĵòУҩҲӱо
ڿˣҲǿĵòˣ
ҲҪŷǮˣȥһһ£Լ԰ɣ˭ǸоԲˣǾͰԼǷһЩòã
û˷ԣһÿҶּܷʮ⣬һϲɫ
мԾͶЩҩģһ͵ȥ˳Щ
ӵͷܵΪЩҼҵҲˡ
ǮҲͬ⣺ҩҲץˣǺձЪһա
̶ճֶ̣ӿҩٶȡ
߲ϲůʪĻƬ˵ϣȴŨܣľǳïʢĹҲܻ谵
Ϊ˷ֹȫ԰ַڣĸһ֣ĸķ紵ݶʱһأҲÿϢ
ʱЩԾСľƺڲĶ
óʮ׼ƬҶĹľԡ
ȻûľﵽʲôͻȻһΣյĸоʧɫػպÿ˹
ô㣿ݵܹһˣֱ㽫ʮָ𶯣Ȼҷżˣ
ȫû뵽Լ͵ϮϺ˳飬һƤЦⲻЦı
СӣҾͬ㿪Цѣҵɽơ
ü˵ʱȻı飬۾ֱԼһ򿴣
һɷһ֦죬밵ãһˣǹľͬ


078 Ⱥ

ܵлͷҲûسֱӷɳһţͬʱ󺰣ˣ
ĪɾַಢԶֻҪһ
ĽʱʮָķҲ˹
֮¹ɲôãɴֱͷһֱ̽γǲܲ˵سǰȥ
Ѿץסĸ첲ʮֵ䣬̽ȴҲ׼ش
о壬ҽһһŤǱ̽ذ˳һĶһ⣬ֻ˱͵Ϯ˵ļ
˵ĲҽȺһ߻Īɵŭ𣺡󵨿ͽſҼӣ
һţͬСȥֱߵˤ˹ľ
ƾҲû뵽뾹Ȼôû뵽˵ֱ֣۾գһ£˲ˣ
ͬδ˵ǰһűеĶӣһѵѪ۵ҪۿĪɾŲ񵶳˹һĪɸǸɴ࣬ಣһֱ䵽ǰһ֮ԶһƬܣ
ųһ亹ȻɰôǶɱģɽܣԼ΢Ȼֲȥ֮³ŵ˺һܣ
ûǣǼ˷ɥ֮Ȯӽɽ֣ĪѾܵԶ
ӣΪȥɱǣ
ĪҲɩ׷
ֹ̧ǣˣҷѾݷҰ޸ϣ򣬺ߣ
µӵʱλú׼Ҫȴ϶ٵѪܵڷɽ鷳ô
˽Ӷܵǰ
ô£
룬㺰İɣ
ԴһеĿ⣬ֱԣղŴ˼˶Ҫ͵Ϯңö̽ˣǴǺ±ץȻˡ
ﲢ֣Ͼɽ·ò񵶿ģرԣɽͷӾͲˣûȥҲû·ǲҰ޸ϣ·Ҳһ
Īɫ࣬ǰ֣һټ飺ӿˣֱǸˣ
Ҳŭ֪Ǹ벻㵨ʣȻܵɽѰǵĻ
ǮȴмֵǣѽǸˣҪ׷Ǻã
ɫ׷׷ҵô
Īɸǲߣ֮ˣ˼׷Ҽӣ£ҼĪҪЩү׷ǵΣֱûԩȥ
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๫鲻ڴˣһȥ״үҲúú룬һŮӣƽ޹үӲǸͿģֿ˶ȫ޺ô˼С
ĪȾȴ̬ȼΪ򲻹ҪΣ˶ӲΪԲӦ
ס÷Ĵ֣İ๫µġ
ôһʵǰ˴õ㻵˲٣ټҩʱձû֮ǰˣڵķʽҲˣһ߶ŷڣһ˿һ⡣
Ȼûаʱ鷳ˣż˻ԶҺȡ
Ⱥ
ǰӣ
ֻҪңһһʹ
ЩˣȻȺˡ
ˣúϽ
һ£һȫҩҩ¨ʮܡ
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㤵غž͵һ̤գȻ˰ڵ
ǼҲûȥһױһңֱӱһǣ嵯ص֦ɳȥЩҽȺ
ϽǣĪҪˣ
һǸȺļһ
˻ͷצѾǣɭɭӱҧ˹ǡðһ䵽죬ͷǡ~һ֧ڵء
ﰡǶѾŷɣһؼǰӴڡ
ȣ
ѣûһϽ˳׷ǵȺżǶϡ
ֻ壬ûܰΣգµľǸϵҲʱȫˣֻǳµŵֱС
ֺһĪЩǿ壬ϵŵǸ㲻ҪҶӻϣ
ҶˣǸλĿΪԣ۵ҲԽԽ࣬ġֻͣϴӰקȥŵľսӻϣǾСӣ


079 Ѫ«Ƶ

߼˶ɽǵòᣬɺԼϣЩǲôǣ־֮ͻȻеС˷ܣ
ΪԵģǸϰӵĺûѽ
ǣͼ˸Ѱ˸ȵλãʼϸ׼µǡ
־ʧﲻʱһĻ
ɱһͷ
Ҳˣ
ֻˣ
ӣΪˣΪҲһֻ
Ϊ͵س๫һЦͬһôϣڵ֦ϣĪȾͷһԶĵڶϡ
һĪҪģóýԼϣĺ˴ȥ
ôһ˵ܵѣϽϵĳԼ̶ϡ
¿ɺˣԭϱɲҶļҲ˾񣬽ʮԼͷȡ£óʼ䡣
ɽȫɱµҲԽԽոߵûþȻüǶɱˣ
ûѽȥ𣿡
ôǣŪȥҲǮɣ
ܲҲ˵ɻȡأһ֧һǮӰ
룬㿴ȥ𣿡
ϽֹĪҪģԽƻѱжûġ
ĪɵĵӣǾϵЩһֱŲǺãΪ֪Ⱥ൱ԣ
ĵģܲǸ¶뽫ǾɱźãһֻɽǾͻˣɱôЩǣѪζҲǹģʵڲʲô£
һ˼ֵȥģСЩϵŵǸȰúǡ
ĻĪɺĪֱȥҳҲȥ
һȺ˵ıȥŵðֱȺ*ϵǸҲµأȥ֮󻹰ѿüļͷеһȡ£Żص¡
ǶȥֳӣűƬطɨһ顣
񵶶ܶ˵ͬ˶ԸűʮϺ˼ʼΧɨ
Ȼϣ˺üֻǣһһɱʱȻһͷֱĪ˹ȥ
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Īϵļȥ鼱֮һ̽һֱǸһһĨǵĲ
Ѫ˲ĳһͷһһĨ˰Ѫ«Ƶġ
һĨǵĲӣû뵽ȻôϽ½Ǹ˲
Īɾ˰βŻһ䣺ӣ̽û
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ʬеһһ£СȻʮͷЩôܶشȥ
Īɿһ۷¹壺
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˿˿ɫôĶǵͬȺսһʵҲûöʱ䣬̫Ÿչͷ
֪ʱ仹磬Ѫ̫ŨټҩˣΣա
һѪĳ֧֣һﶼӵ׼ûЩ֣ĪҪٵʱˡ
̲סЦɰ㲻˵Ҳġ
Ǯϵ˶һۣĪûûСʵʵ
ĳиϽֽӹϵĲ񵶣ӣΪͿȥ̧ͷ̧ؼҺøӳ⣡
Цһ̧ۣͷǼҲ÷ˮˡ
ĪȾظӲ÷ˮ£Ϊϣ
ˣ˼˵˼װɵĹҲû˭ˣ
س̰뵽ûĳ̧ͷҰǸϵĹͷľӶѳӡҪ˵ǸҪ첡ʣҲû˸ҽݴ
˵ĪɺĪɣҴӣ⼸׳ʵɾͰҰ̧ˣٱ¨ҩֻӺӡ
µһ˱һͷɽǣĸҲ⣬һ߷Ҫڱϰֻɽǰʮ˸˺ƺƵɽ֡
صʱһ˺䶯ʮ˸˱ʮͷǺһͷҰֱҪ̫ˣ
үѶ㤵ؿĪԺһصɽʬ塣
⡭ȥˣ
뿴ˣүֻµ硣


080 

˵һ·Ⱥľȴ͵Ϯͱͱ˵˹ȥϾҲҪûа⼸ˣǼ屣ö
ɽҲ»ˣֻҪǿϾԼͰѱͱ֮һʹ
ͦʣҲͦˣȴҲ֪ʱƣڷ˼ϱǿʱ򣡽ɽǰ볯ͱǼ˷ɱǵζˣôһȺˣǼǿǲ󡭡
ү˵ǰ⼸Ϊ˾Լӵ˲ɱôǣ˸
λȮӣϷǸмʷҪɽƣ֪ˣҾͲȥҴһﶼȫˣʵˣ
뿴һĪɣ⣬ǰסүӡ
ү˵ȷǾ֣ȴԹϾҲΪǴ룬Żɽ̽̽
ֻǣҲˣڷɽĲǸĵطɽʱ·˵ΣգɽֻһҲÿǼӽǰ׬Ǯ˹˺üգβܻΪģϼգûЩǿ²ܾǣҲزˣ
ү֪ΪҼӲͬһɽ˰ɣÿնƴ
ү̾Ϣסĵͷ˵öԣɽʵ̫Σˣ
±תΧ۵ĴǣһﶼƼˣڷɽ׽ѽҲһ㣬Ĺȫ׼ǧĪҪɽ㲻þҪ
߼屣һѪѴ˶סˣּһԺӵʬĸĽЩܻӣҲɣ
ɻƤӺ
ɰЩͲܴһȥ𣿡
Ī̧ɨһۣҼѾЩҩݵүˣ治ɽΣգǾԼ˴ȥĪҪŸǣǼ˺ò׬ǮЩˣΪľܰ׬ӣɲΪ˱ǣ
ǵǱҲɣǾͽѰɣÿһնӣǿԴɽ
ʻ˶ʱûˣ
̲סĪɣһھǶӣ׵ģҲ̫˰ɣ
ĪȾ˻ȥǾ͹ǺˣӿǱǵǸоԼӶֵǾԼɽȥ£ﻹҪǴ
Ϊɽ׬ǮûðԱƾʲôǾһֲǱɽȥ׬Ǯô
ҲЦǣѾ֪ҩݽ̸˻Ҫɽҩǲһǳʲô£һðҽҩѣô¶ˣЩǸǵĻǷǵģ
˱ޣĸҪǰҽҩˣ²˭˵ɽͻ£
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үΣҲоͦݣҲ
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˱ߣҲѾͦסˣ˵س֮ǰǼϷֹѪҩݣɱϾʧѪֵܼ࣬ѾǼޡ
ҲˣҵøϽؼңһѣ϶˰
үֺ޵طסӣô׳һͷӸȣǮϸϽҶӺǰæͻؼȥ
˶ɢˣдҹţһʰЩǵʬ塣
ʮͷǰƤⶼװ¨ͬڵ߲κ׵ͷȫá
ȥϺҹţŰĪɣϡľϣһ͵ȥ
͹һǴ֮Ҽ۸ˣϵľ¥գʮһʮͷܼ¶ٶ⣬ӣƤһţҲ࣬ڵ߲Σİٶͷʮ
ôһϼƣͷҰҲʮʮÿࡣ
궫վֱӰǮˣţӶ˲ٵĶŻش塣
ߺһȺˮϲϲؿʼɱëǻȥʱѾͷҰˣͷˮ㣬Źǡ֮⣬µֱӷֳݣݴ䣬һʮ˲ִСÿһݡ
ʣµĶм۱֮ѡͷһʮмʮһһʮǮˮһ׶ʮһҲһʮģȫƹüǮ˭Ҫʲô£õǮƽ֡
ã˭ҲԿǴһϰѶ˳ƣٷֱѡԼҪģҶҪٰѶ۳ݡ
ѡһŹǣֻûҪ㡣
Ҳֱѡֽ֮Ǯһ֣߸˻ؼʰȥˡ
ĪҲԼңߵſڣҶϾͰԺ˳
ӣЩɣ


081 Ҫ

ЦпҶϡ
ɩӣǲ˼ⲻҪԣվǼȥ򡣡
ҶɫһΣӰһɣôҲԲ갡
ĪŹǱ⣬һֱסĳŮ
ӣĪҪˣϽؼȥΪˣһ˾ܳ°ͷ
ЦеؿҶϣɩƣЩⶼ๫һ˳أ治㡣
һûҶϣֱԺŽԺӣ־͹š
ҶŸľ裬üë
ʵȥĪԺ⿴ˣƼûʰŰ룬Ǳʮ飬ǺЩһһ£
ȥֻܼ޸Ǹˣ˼ȥģһƣҰ⣬Ȼ˵Լ֮ԻˣýаĪɶԼ
˭룬ǾȻһҲ
صϰϵķʱ춼ˣʼͣûһԺﶼ㣬ҶڸԺҲŵˣŮ˲ĵת˼Ȧӣͻؿҵļѣ˲ʱһ
밾һͣĪһԹԱ߿ţһڰջ
̵ðδԹ˶òᡣ
۳ýƣϽĳаѻˡ
ȸһӳԣٸЩ͸ݱ
һ˵һȡ˴룬һ밾ͺʮľϡ
๫Ҳ
ĪȾȥÿӼһӣСشҲûιֱ͵ĳŮߡ
Ҳȳԡ
Цһۣӹһҧ֣ͷΣ̵ãóˡ
ţóԣҲԣţﻹкЩ˾͸
Ͳ̲סˣСԴ㣬ҲӼ˿Ӵ˴͵гһڣСһϽּһ飬³ʣֱܵĳŮǰԣ㣡
ǿӽӹӵͷԶӣøˣﻹһأԸԡ
һѵõСʳԺš飡
ӱ¨ڴҪ棬ĳԾȥӦš
˭ѽ
Ҷϵ겻ɢش˽ĪֵܣңЩͬǻ⡣
Īɸɴֱվ˽Ų
ɩӣѾ˵ˣⲻԼһء
ҶЦҲһٳԼ⣬ĳԼڼɺãֵܰܣͿڹȥҲûٸʳķϣһЩɣ
Īɡףһɩ⻰˵ģôǼǷһĪ˵Щǿǵģ㻹ӲҰˮ˺ЩĻѲҲҪһ¹Ǯǣ
Ҷ϶ʱһίĪֵܣھӵģ֮ǰŰٰҪһ£ЩҲΪǼûˣһ˼ʵǳ
׻˵ԶײڣһͬǼҶ׽û㵱ˣû뵽˵
Ҳ˳ɩӣǲɣҷŸմһöôһأǳԺþãҼ๫Ųͬ㻻
ڹȥóʳֽ๫ˮЩ£ǾͶ˰ɣҲһ˼ҲףɩҲĪҪˣϽҸ˼˰ɡ
Ҷϲŵسŷ￴ȥ뵱һӵļϣðԶԡ
ĪҲػתӹϵӡ
ӣȥɣĪҪôҪƣʲôԶײڣҿռǼҵıˣ
Ҷһޣҧҧӱ㳯ĪϴǱȥˣﲻĪɣѵﲻǮ
ȻǮһ˵ҪüҰ⣬û˵һ飬Ժؽͳȥ
ҶϱԺ˵Ҫˡ
˿ŶڵУʹ飬ɫҰײͣŻ£ϽһȺˣ̧ؼȥô£ǲǳԴ˶
Ҷһһ˼ָϳʣµİҰ⡣
ҡֻ˰Ұ⣬ҲûԵôѲ⻹жܣĪӸģܺҡ
Ļڳ޲ֻ֮
үӼҶһӣҲϲ׼ô£ֻýȥС
ôĶĪҲˣ˵ҶϿǳҰԳ⣬˶һۣͬʱ
ǮϢǽŵУϽܹҶϵ
Ҷ£ɫҰףͷ亹˫Ŷӣ治װġ
ǮŻˣ뿴ҪǰϽסʾ԰ꡣ
Һÿ죬Ҷϼһ£ָʣµ⣬һ֮ɫ
⣬˪


082 ׾ӱ

˴󾪣û뵽ȻҰжһ˾֪ľ綾˪
үҲüͷ壬УҶϿǵⶾǷоȣ
еͷλȷ˪֮ʳ٣ҹж֮״أֲͣ£Լһ룬ٸЩ̶ˮȺȣд󰭡
һ⻰ȥ̶ˮҶȴ𾪣ĿⲻŵǮϡ
ܣôأĪΪҪ˪ΪôҪңĪӣΪʲôѽ
Ǯ˵жоȣҪɿԶʱڵ˫ҡ
ңңû¶úõģΪôҪ¶
Ҳǲԡ
ҶϣǲǸˣ
Ҷڰر߸ŻŶӿߣҲϣԸˣҽĪӸҵûˣδ֣֮ѲһԸ¶Ը
ĪӣǲףΪôҪңѵ֮ǰд˰ӣҼ޸ɺַ
Ǿð±ˣ׬ǮҶĪҸаҲѾֻͬ檵ΪΣΪηҪأ
⻰һΧ˶ʱЩȻĪϺ׼ҴðʱǮȷǰӰæҶϵ˻ʱҪ˰ϣȢҶϣ
֮ͻȻֻܸ׬ǮǮǾͷڣĪݰˣҶϱ˸֮ˡ
Ǯǽһ׺䶥ɩӣ鲻ĪҪ˵
Ҷּ޵ĪӣԲ⣬ǰ֪£ɺңԲűⶾ֣
Ҳֱ֣֮ҪҶСˣǻݣ籾ڹŴϹ⵱ݵѽ
Ǯпѱ棬Ｑϸ޴룡
ɩӣ治û˸¶
Ҷ϶ʱЦĪûҲܶ
СӦˣǿףһ̫
ҲҪļޣɵΪ˻ĪһǺܾصġ
ǺܸɣĪ벻ҲΪͰ۸ѽңҶĪʵ⣬ΪΣΪȴĽ
һ꣬뵹ҶϵĻΪǮϳֱԵ̺ĶϱߥҪҶϣ
Ǯۼ˶ҪҶϵĺǽһѽ
Ҷϣҡҿ˵㣡û¶Ҳûߥôû˴Ӧ檣ĪҪӲˮ
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ҵĺÿడһƬʵĶ˼ңȻ䵽³ǸѸã˶ңҲû˻ںҲһ˰
Īӣ˵ΣⶾԸµģǺãұˣҲģֻʵڲȥˣ
ϣ׽㣬ҽ͵Ŵһͷ㱣֤պţҾԲͬ裬ԶǴɵޣҾֻ檣̺һСһһݣ·ɣ
˵ű˵˵ϣŰվķͷȥ
룺Ϸÿǿ찡
ǮҲסˣ㶵ؿ
ĪɱŶһһԣܿҶķ
Ҷ̧ͷƼˣת˸롣
ǺҶۣǺĪ˺֮¶ԭ£Ϊ޽ǼΪ檣ĪҷʲôĹʺ˰
̧ӡ
˰ɣֵʲôʱҶϣ˵㣬Ҳ̫׾˰ɣ
ҶϲɫԾɹڵϿޣһҳǺϲɣ޸ͳȫҰɣұ֤Žвﶼƹܣֻһ֣ҿ˳̷ĪɺĪҶϣ
һ꣬ҶҲʵǸĪɲһӣǳúЩиƤ࣬ͳô˶ͶŮˡ
̾һһţ⻰˵ԼҪǻû˵ˡ
ȣ˵Ÿ¶ôʣ¶ΪʲôҪҰ
ΪƵ֪żȥ⣬ΪԼ˪⣬Ұⲻأϡ棬뵽ǲŴɽͷҰ
Σ˪ԺǿҪɱǲô˪һھܶҲµΪҪô˰⾹Ȼû£ѵ涾ûҴΪɺҪ£
У뺦Ҷҩݵ˽⣬ɽɽɵʲôҩܶҪȥŪûе˪鷳
˵Ϊһ׬Ǯ๫Ȣ֮£ǸΪ檡
˼˵Ǹ̰֮ˣȻô̰ƣôɺǸҪ
Ϊʲô๫ȢţſõķأΪ󸾣һ԰С˳ã׬һʣ¶ɷ


083 

ǰĻѾһֱ˵ȢҶϣıĲƲȻٽһСڵĸ˵Ĳڻ£
ʱĸҪС檣ǼӦ˭˵ǣѰ
˼ҲˣסһӣҲĪǸ˻ȫ˲֪Сһͬ
Īɵ̬Ҽ˵üǣҶϾǸģ绹ӲǷҪǼҵҰ⣬û˼˵Ҳû벻Ȼȥﻻ⣬ôһȡֵ
ҲҪȢԼҵøշҪ޸ңҸûͬ⣬˭Ȼûˣ
ҼᣬҵӹֲУһѾ㹻ˣԱ˳ŵĲأŮ˼ֱвĪ˵Ӵ𲻴Ӧ֣ȾͲ޳ܣŮˣ˭Ҫ˭ҪҷǲҪ
Ҷ͵̧ͷԹ޵ضס
Īɣ㾹Ȼ壬ǾĪҪҲͬһӽˣҪȥŸǣ
գգۣʲô
Ҷϳŷߺ޵ػһ䣺͸Ǹ¶ҪôЩ˸֤ҾͲŹүһ
һ£ѽˣҶϣãȥŸ״㲻ҪӵģǲΪĳһ𰤰ӣ˵ҪôſԲȥ棿
Ҷû뵽ôˣʱڳһԹ
Ĳֻ࣬Ҫдݱ飬Ϊ檣ԶңҲң㹻ˡ
ݸһЦҶϣΪҲϴ˽ɽһ׬Ǯ˿ǣǶңƫȥ֤вҶ԰ɣ
ϧӲãûףûӦҽɽ׬ǮȻܴ˻ӭֻΪһ׬Ǯ㲻һ͵ңأܸ˴ʲôô
˼޸һˣǼҴȥ˽֮⣬ûκμֵңҪסҼ๫Ϊ檣˸ֲôΪʲôҪ㣿
Ըİȥ֤δΣ
һ𰤶ٰӣٷЩӣֺôûܵģ֤ĴҲҪðٰӣ㲻ø治ǻ˭û°ֳֺõ£
Ҫ˵һôʵȥ״ĪҺ£òŶѡģڣ㲻Ը
Ǯһŭָ̧ҶϣҶϣԭһоЩԲס㣬Ϳ벻㾹ȻΪ˼޸ҼҴɷĻҿϹۣǸĵ֪Ʒԣҿɻĵ
Ҷ϶ʱǸŻǼǡĪҪѪˣҶ챻ǶˣȻȻ㻵ڮңҲ޸ɶѣΪζݲң
үӱֵüͷתУ㿴Σ
翴֣ҡҡͷΪ˴ﵽĿĺݵĸԼ¶Ҳ࣬ŮʵЩˣ˪̫֮Ҫ¶ûµ١
һҲˣж֮һˣΪ¶ԲöòšҾͲˣϲĽ˼ҵţܹôӣ
⻰ӦþҶԼµġ
ΧҶ߶żͬ˺ܿ춼ɢû˭Ըˡ
ҶԭΪԼĳ˪Ұ⣬ҲƳȴû뵽뼸仰׾ô˶ʧȥΣȻûһվߡ
˵ȫǺ˵ΪҪԼ¶ĹţƫŰϣôôҪȥŸǣǶһģҪұ
Ҷϻϰݣ޻ؽ¡
ɩӱȥæ̶ˮģҲݣﱧֻ߹ޡ
λף˵̶ˮܽҶеⶾǷ䷢ֵģһͱõ̶ˮ
¿ɺãûбõ֤ˣҶϻڽƱ磺ģ
ɩһۣҿǣ̶ˮΪҪΣ
˾̶֪ˮǿɱȷκúȵö࣬ƾҶôƱҲûˡ
үغһҶϣУһﶼĪҪټˣ˼ҲǻãƽǴӵ
ɢˣԭҶҲﷸ˵ӦʵΪҶ϶Īɵͼ̫ԣҲ̫ˣֶ𣬺ˣ˸оմ϶Ȼ鷳
ҵĴţǮŭ벻벻ҶϾȻȱ£
ĪɳһǹԼûմ֪鷳˰ɣ
밵ĳ˻˿ίίӣԩҲ˵˻𣿡


084 

ǮӿڴϱãֻҶϵʵû԰룬ΪϱϴԵûӿŲǰȥ
ҵøϽˣЩʱ䣬ջҪأҲЩȥЪŰɡ
Ҷϼ˶ˣϽǹ̶ˮߺȱԹ޵ᡣ
޼ˣǲĶЩԲļһ⣬ǵڽҴԼɩӣ
ڶһ磬ִ˳ɽֱӽϺҵţҶӼݳɽͷȣɽȥЩɽǵʬ塣
δطƬһҰ޵ĺУ˶˺ôһ
һĪţ
һ£˶ߴȥ
ϵߴ֮󣬰ҲǾһĺʮ׿⣬ڵֻҰòɿ
һͷ깷ܺһͷһװ볤ĽǮ
ֻ͵ɽְȫǱƬѪģҲ֪˶ãһƬӶ̣òģɽǵǱǵ߰㣬ͷʬǳһ룬͵˶ǳ
ⳡʵǺˣ˵ͷΣҰǮرֲ£ⶫٶȳ죬һϻֻҲѶԸһЩ
Һδǰֻɱûзǣ
ͷѾˣԾʱӶЩΣѪģͷҲ˲ʣϳһƳӵĶ
жһ£оǸ˵Ĵûᣡ
һͷӣȻɱͷܣ
˶ŴˣΪҪϽܵģû뵽Ȼ˵Ҫɱһ
Īɽţӣܳ𣿡
ɫҲƬطأԼòɿʱǶɱҩҲܰ
Ͻȡϼ˵ĳͷȥ
ϧ̫Զˣ˵ʮãЩȴ䲻׼֮ͷڲϵıȥһȺ˷һֻּаĪͷӡ
ĪǼ˱۽ǣʹõҺһһĺȣͷʹжóٻǸо˲ãս
ֱҪܣܴһ˹ȥжı˷ڵأҧס㲻ڡ
Ͻ죬ǣ
ԭӣȴܸҧס֫Ұǣȴ޼¡
ͷΪҧҲǲɿڣ׼ǵɰ䣬ֱֻ͵ҰòҺŵ񾪷ɡ
ܾ˵ܺͱױָɱˣŵز鴤ѾֹͣȻʵе㲻š
⡭ͶŪˣǮϼֱΪΡ
ӣɻҪٵһȣ
ҲЩ֪꣬òǹʺˣ
΢һ£ûʲô͸ϽȥŪɽ⡣
°лʲôҰͬһڵֹ֮۲˺һ޶Ž
СһһǰȷǶ͸ˣſʼ壬׼ﶼ̧ȥ
ﲢûʲôһܰԵĶﶼŵûҿ
ɼҲˣһͷܰʮӣټͷӣ֪ܳǮ
˲СŽﶼŪţ·ãҲɵĸ˻ؼȥʰЩ⣬ͼжȽǿ¼ҩ
ĪҲãҲõһ࣬˵ɶҲϻȥסĳŮҪһ£ţһȻصıֻˡ
뵹ҲǴЩ⣬ϾﻹһȺӣľϣСɣܰæ
ɱôҰޣ̫Ѫֻ֮ʲôļһ
ʮÿγڣΧĶµıץҩ
Ҷһûʲô紵ݶֻʳදƺûдҰˣʮڵȴǰδеĶ࣬ؼҺһȻٶͷ
˸մϻЩƤҲˣϼ˶ʮӡ
Ǯǲ࣬ôһ󳵵Ұζд䶯ˣ֪ȵ˼㣬ҺּңһЩߥ޵ҲҪ̲ס¡
ȥǼңһٿߣҪֵܼҵɽֱӸң˵ɽԣĪɵҪһ˳ӱѾʹǣֻҪӸˣ˶ԣ
ǲܳôǮŭ˳ȥҪ˵ľǲͷҲЩôһʱȴҲûС
ʮҩڽһƬ߲ζѰˣͰ֮ǰԤϵĲ࣬ϼ˶ʮӣӰ˵Ĳÿ˴Լ׬϶ʮ
ʵǼȸЩǣ֪´νɽܲҵôõĵط
Ͼڷɽȴﶼʺ߲εϡҩĶҪ󶼿̣Ҳ˲ŻϡС
Ȼٽɽɩͳˣ


085 

ɩȥժˣֱ˻ûؼңŮҵ̫̫˼ϱһȥңȴ
һͻȻʧˣһҵĶϱ䶯ȫ壡
үԴȫӵ˻ˡ
ĪҲȥæһڼҴɩİΣԺͻȻ˴߿
ã
뵱ϵؽ£˳ץϵĶ̽ſڣ˨ţͷѾ˽ǰ
תŲվãŽҲ߿һĸ׳ͷþȫ̫ѨһȭһϵĶ̽ص˲ӡ
𶯣һĨ㣡
Ĳһˣһӣʵһû뵽ԼףȻŽݾͱ˸סˡ
һȭ̧̫ѨԴ˰죬Ļ˵Ϸ
һ־ס죬һֶ̽ӣһתĿǸӡ
͹ȥֽŸһ𣡡
Ӿ㵵ؿֿͬ
۾һУ̽һеĲӣ˳ʹϽġ
ĪҪɱңܣ죬˵
ǸĻٳɣϽȥӣ׳ӵϣĽš
뿴˱ˣתֱ㽫̽ƵӵĲϣвʰԺһľǸ׳ڵء
ӿɥ󣺡ŮĪҪ͹ٿɺãҲСģСơ
ڣҲ
ҷҲɣ˵ǲǻͬҴһˣ
ȻβſڣǡС
ŭ⣺˵ģǻмͬǸˣ
飺⡭Ҳ
΢һֻ̽ӵĲӡ
˵ǰɣǾĪĨĲӣҲ˽լɱǣֻ˵ΪԱҲ
ʹͱд̼ӾִС
ĪҪɱңĪҪɱң˵Ҷ˵ˣǰǸ˴ǰɽɽȥˣǵ˵ҪĥŪ
ʧɫһǵ˭
ӱǱĶ̽ˣûҳɣϽػ
һСӣͦÿһСӣÿһĶǮ˵³֮ÿٸŮȫˣС治˭
˵Ҳµ˭ˣ벻ҶϾȻ˴ʹ˶ɩȶ֣
£ӱһϥͨһԺС
ϵľԴȥʹ˵˵ϡ
˴Σȡ˸ӣͽʵʵһ
ҶԺнһж˶Уʵ־ջʰɩ²͵ʴףȻ¶Լ
ǰȥ٣ȥָϣȻӲ
뵣ɩİΣҴҳţҶԶˣһݣ˰Ѳ˵ֱСԺȥ
뱧Ŷֱ̫̫ͬ龭̫̫˵ϱץǰɽɽȥ̣ˣһҪòûιȥ
Ǻã
Ҳ֪²һɩѾ裬ȫ֪Ҫôõİ취ֻǰȥˡ
ȵʹ˿סԺ֤ȻϽһضɩӣҲЩ˻δʹ˾ˣ
̫̫ʹصͷãӰȥЩŵùˣǲܾүǱߣȡЩɩһ
һжΪɩҲֻЩŵùˣȥ˾ȳ˵
ͷҾȥǡ
̫̫Ǹмºͬһȥҹ˿ɲܴ⣡
һ˼˵ٸɩѰɣһ
̫̫ʹĵͷȡѣŮѾͷ˳ȥ
ߺ̫̫⼸ϱǶЩһȥĪԺͽס̫̫
һ·ϣľϣӣţһĪСɣ˺ͺӶʮŲ񵶣ŻѣƬûֱǰɽ塣
ǮϸպҾǰɽ壬·úܣһȺ˳·ɽɽǸɽʱʱûϡ
ɽڶв֮£аһſһһܣûܾͱһȺ˳ȥڵء
ɩҵòݶϣϳ룬໵һ
ȥסɩӣĪޣûˣûˡ
ɩѾ۸ˣԼۻ࣬Ѿûټˡ
úݵҶϣúݵļˣҶ飬ֻѰ˼Ҽ˱ǣȻҡ
ѽûˣ⵵£ôˣ


086 

ɩ޵˫ͨ죬ߵӰ㲻סµ
ĺ޺;ȴͬ˵
ɩӣǧĪҪ벻´㣬ҳǣҲû֪˺£
ǶŮˣ˭Ҳʹ൱Ц˵ģģұ㽫ֱȥٸǼͷңǷȴ£ⱲӾ͵ŰѴɡ
ɩҧҡͷ̫ˣԸ
˵ű񺺴ĵӣȥһһֱͱҪɱԲޣֲʮȥŽǵ¡
ڳˣͬ붼޶˵ľٶˣҲͬ飬һŮ䵽ⲽأκһҲǺ޲ɱ˺Լˡ
뾪㵹ϽȥĨɾɩϵѪɾøϣֽѪ¾ߣɽ
ɩվͷȴŮµһӿ˳ȫǰס
ףû̫ˣ
ףҲ㣬ҪҺˣҺû¡
ɩ§Ůһһߵͷû£ﲻµģߣۻؼҡ
һԭ·أֱ뿪ǰɽؽ磬˴طɩϵѪ¸ˡ
ɩɱͽȴҲѱƷ˵֤˵˵ùȥɱϾϲ˵ֻþ֤ݣĥô׮£
ɩشɽһֶҪᣬ˵Ǳһ׳һ°ˣɽϻزȥҵȻȥġ
ɩһۣԼΪԼ±֮£Ǹмص˵ͷ
ֽͬ˶Դؿƿ׺õ˵ظ˵ʻȻżӿŲش塣
ɩж㣬س̱ȥʱ໨Щʱ䣬ʱǸպҴһشүһˣ֪ҲˣԺӶˣ
ȥѰɩĴǷһˣǷģҲû϶ô±㶼Īɼȥȥˡ
ȺͷĪɷ˰룬ܵǰ
ӣҪΪˣҺδڼУҲôԺˣ
ȴĵãĸ֤ȫˣԺʵǸ£㲻̯Ϲ˾ԺҲûסˣɺҶҪ
ɩɫѿ˫ҲŽһ
롭
ӵҲ룬ô£
Ϊջ𣺡ֻǽ˴ԺѲҶԺĶ֮˶ɱڣ߰ɣȻȥ
µǰûֻϧҶɱ˵ȴûκƼɱ˼ң˵ӽ˷ӣֽմѪȫһֱֽӸ˸⡣
Ҽϱһ·ϺĸǸϵʱеʬȺģҶڼնȴҲû˻ɵ
һȺ˷ԺѪȣɵѾˣִźСӣܳȥڰλҶѾҪյĶˣʰɾԼû˰תͷܳ֡
Ƚɩؼʰһ£ֽǮϺСɣȥӻؼտȻźĪһֻԼļҡ
СԺⶼˣǼǺ˷ܵؾ۷׷ףˣóһ·
үɫصߵǰԺӵѪȣʵ˹֮ŻʬǱ˴ӲӴ˺üģǿֲǶԶԶģ½Ѫȵ˵
үҲֻɨһ۱ͷȥúݵֶΣ
˺طʣĪɼԺУѲɱģ
˷ûܣĪɸûɱô׳ҲûǹͬһڸѰɩ𣿡
ǣĪҪϹ˵ҴʼͬһڰæأǶ֤
Ȼܣת˼·
˶Īɱģ㲻ɱѽ˵ر綼˵ˣṦ򣡡
ֻṦ򣬼Ҳõúأһ˶Ž̵ܴôЩ
ҵظţŮҲ̫˰ɣҲͰˣȻ˶ɱ
ŴԽ˵ԽԾĪȷŭغ˳ĪҪ˵˵Ҵɩɱˣ
ҲŸ绤ֶϱأƲ£
Ҷ϶ڰһ죺˿ԺģѲƽ޹ԼѰ
ǣܲԼİɣҿǰɱģ
ĪɺͰߵǰԵŭȳ
ĸҥɱˣҳǺһ
ˣҪۣ


087 

ǰ˿ʬ壬תүӡ
үӣҪٸ𣿡
үӳɵؿô£ȷӦñţֻǡ
ֱԣ˲ɱģǽǴԺУסֽţǰ˶ɩӣΪžߵüû˹ţŻ˳û˶֣Ҳó˭ġ
үʣ˭
ĿֱָȺеҶϣǹ˵Ԫףһ룬Ϊƽ޹ҪҺɩ֣˵Ҷһˡ
۴ҵ˿ܲ٣޶ɩӵȴ࣬ѱнҴ֮ٵˡ
ǸɱӦҼҺܽҽƷ֮°¶Աɱڣ
ⷬû˵ҶϣǴȴˡ
ɩҶϱ̶ˮⶾǵĪɼԺĶǾ͸ֻΪˣ
Ҷ룬ĪҪѪˣҸͲϵˣûǰֶΣһŮɱԼɱˣҺ۸ӲҪŪ·
ĪŭĿӿֱɱ˵ľ㣿˾ű⣬ҿǲУοһ֮ĵŪ·ǵҲ㣬ſڴƻҼӣҿõвԱУ
볶һ֣๫ѿ࣬ӱԻỹһٲ鰸ı¸أԩһˣҲŹһˣ
үӶĻΪͬ˵ĶԣǱ㽫ӱȥɣ·Ǻڰ׾ùٸۣˣȥϱ
ҶһҧЩĹٲ˻ɱˣϸϸһԼ¶ŵĵطһжĸɸɾҲûƼɱˣֻҪҧϣҲ飡
ǶڴҶϺͰ룬Ƴ˭ɱˣ
Ȼȫ̹̹Ҷ˵ü۲֪ЩôɿȥȴҲǴݲȣ㾪̬֮ҲޣǸոɱ˵ӡ
ƲȻＫȺ࣬Ҳֻܵ˶ϰ
үɼ屣ͷ£ıµĽ˶ϳԺӣſţƻֳĸҲ˽뿪ӡ
м屣и£ϱȥˣ¼Ժ⡣
һʱҲزǱ㶼ɢȥټ֡
үɫصشŰĪȥңǽгɩʻɩȫǰ˵õĽ˵һ顣
үԭίǸмת롣
ֶϱµÿ㣬ܼʱɩĪԺУ治±Ų÷ֱ𣿡
ҲӦˣٸıҪô˿ֳų֪£ֲδɱˣαڷɣ
Ҷϣû֤֤ɱģҲ֮ܲɻأ
үûɱȻǲ£ǸҶʵţΪ޶֤Ǳ㲻κˣΪβҲýйٸú棬㲻֮ܽԷһҲǺõģ
ү̾벻Ǵ̫ƽôЩ꣬Ȼ£ǸҶϣʵ̫񶾣Һɩû£ÿҾǵģһ˲ױ϶ɱ˿Ǻã
ЦүصЩֻҪҾ͹ˣţҴ󲮱ôү㲻Ϊ˵ûҸܵġ
үų׷ãҲͲϹˣ
ϱ屣ܵõǿ죬һʱ󣬱ʮòһͷܻˣһȺ˽˴ֱֳֳûʱ㿪ʼ󰸣
Ҷϱžʱոշ˶Σɱ֮Ҫŵȫ亹ؾǹˣֱͷ˺ȥʰѹ
ĪҲؼУۼԺΧ˻ѣǳĵԺаںõǰʬѾ˰ײ
벢ʶǰĵˣҶϾ͸ϵˣǸо˵Ͳǰ󲮣²мϲ
ʰѾ±ԼһᣬأҪٴ̺У
Ҷվһµһ
ֱ׳վһԣĪסųһ亹
û˻ػüͷһ壬ϵľľһġ
ðЩ󵨵Ŀһ˭Ҳɱ´ˣȰصķÿ˴϶ʮӣ֮
Źվ˳ȥҶϡ
ĪʵһסĳŮС֣д󺰳ĪҪҼӣҼûɱˣ


088 

üͷ壬̧ᣬһûʲôϰĵˡ
˿֪˭Ҵ󲮿ôүҵǰװ׶ү
޶˴Ҽв֮٣ҿһסұҪٵģ֪Ǻ˽ɱʶʱ֮ܺһ򷣣
һתͷүӣ֤
үӸϽȭػˣСȷǰװذүŮ׼ҵС㣬󲮱̫ү
ͷðһ麹ǸոεС٣Ͳ̫үŸָɵСţҪǰ̫үֶŮˣĹٻȥ˴ѵӲŸĲ°
λº·̫үֶŮҲԲ֪֮ˣôˣҽ£ʮٴŷ䣡
Ҷû뵽һıˣϽ޺ԩ
ԩˣ֣֮ǰڼ˯÷˺£ŶųƸ֣㱻޶ָɱ֣񸾾ûɱˣ
һŮɱɥĲ֮£ʬ׶һۣ
ȫżƺΪɱ˹޻񸾵ѽ
ˣǸүԲƾ޾Ӳ񸾰ϸɱ֮ˣҪΪ
񸾵ļ֪񸾱ݣҲһưոݵģǶΪȥԩ˰һҪ񸾸
˸Ϊˣ̫үͷ˾˭֪̫үֳʮʮһӵֵܣŮ׵
ɰҲеý˲ŮӵļĲоٻǲȥ
Ϊ˽ӰƯַڣλ԰ڳһĹйʬ
ʦ˵˵ⰸӣķڷ
ʱְҵʵУûг͢ٺ»ԵֻŸĹǮ˼ۣѧῴ˾ɫǱסѡ
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089 Ѱ·

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Īһ˲ӬĶģİᰡ
еĺɰ򴦵أ𷿣󷿣ٱһƬ԰ӣǮ
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090 ҶϵıƸ

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091 ɩҪɱ

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092 ˭ȥ

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Ǯͷˣüͷһ£ݵɩʹ˸ɫʼࡣ
ǴϱҲ̫ˣиԼ๫ģΪǰ׼ҵС͸һզΣ׼˿ɻŰ裡
ӰĪҶ죬ϱ͵úúù̲ܽųɣܽûûСŮ˿ŷǵЦҴɲɣ˳ЦҲʣ
ǮϱɩӲʹ죬ȴΣһŵģСڵҲòڡ
˸ۣ⻰˵ģŵĹܶϱ쾭壬ĵҼǼϱĸǰǹԹԵģҲҳǣ
ҴɻǸģǿɲѰŰ׼Ҹ׼˶ˣûϳȥ壡
Ҹ㣬ڵǼǰнβ˲źãΣʱҪҶϱ˵ӳˡ


094 ¾

ĪɴгʱǮϵɫѿǸһû˵ģЦͬ˴к
ɰϱǿæԼҲˣ˵ҲҪܣҲһԸң˵ǰɣ
벻ʶϣҲûע⵽ԺôĿѯʵؿһĪɡ
ĪȾ㳯˸̲ؿڡ
ĸͬȷæ㲻кˡã߶ɺɣҪɽȥʬЩڼ㾫񡣡
ҲɫͲɽˣΣգֻЩͬȥɣ´ҩһȥ
Ǯϼǰ£ҲصصͷɣҲüСġ
ϱ㳶һ£Ŀġ
ǮϼɻӲͷƤڣĸչɽʱܲǮҵˣ࣬ʹĸ
ϸϽҡͷǼÿˡ
Ǯϲ˵ؿŲ˵˶𣿡
Цѽ˶ڵҩĶҲˣ˵ôְ
˵ת룺ϱ˵ǰɣǮҲռǵıˣڶٶ㣬֤Ϊѣɰɣ
Ȱ뿪ĪȾһû
϶ʱȥɰ˵ɶأǶЩ˼׬ôЩǮԸҵզͲ˴զ㲻ǵˣСǰҿɻڹأզûѽ
һͷߣĸ˵ɽ֮Σյúܣû˵۴һ˼Ҹոճ£һһȥĲȫ˲ʣ绹ҪɽȥѵʬһأΣǶǵ𣿡
ϲ˵ԵģԸû»ӲҪܣǼҵ˲ŲǰɵأΣܾˣ˵ǻʹ˵ˣǶǸʲôǱҲŲǼһֵùأ
ˣ˼˼ҸǵڣҩȻ󻹲ͬһ֣ԼԼģΣǾܣñȥ
Ǹȸ£˽˶ģ
ĪȾһߣĸĪҪʱ˵£һմɧɽɽܣԸָܲһ
һˣһȺĸҲӲܻˣ棬ǾΪ˸ԸΣԵģûԱûУʱܸƣɲᲢۣ
뱾ͷһ⻰ȴЩûЦ˿ǰֲԺڰ
Ϸָ̣𣺡ɰզҶǿɲ˺²˵ֻǼңҲĸⲻ𣿡
Īֱۿɶ˼ĸ⻰ҿɲˣҼ֮ǰͬأ׬ǮȥǱۣĸĪҺǮҵĺùϵɣӲҪǼҲö¹Ǯҵ鷳ˣûɣҧһڣ
Ͼסˣæվֱ磺ɱ𣡴ɰĸûƻҹϵ˼ˣǮж໤ǣֻ¼̫ˣĸҲûС
ɽû̸ɣĪҲϽˣǮһøһָûͷɩأ˱ǰҪ¸ˣɩӻͷȥ
ɣϱŶĸ˵ǿǧĪҪϣ۶һˣĸǸТ˳ƣʱ̲ң
˰ˣɽͦΣյģֻҪǰæۼǱ۵¸ˣҲ鷳
£΢ЦſڣĸǾҺʹ׬ǮͽȥҲĪҪżϻ޻Сʮ죬ǾʡԼãҲ֤֮ǰӸǮҴϣ
Īɼѳ滰˵ˣҲʲôӦֳסС֡
ˣӣĪ˵ˣЩҪæأˡ
ǮӦһܵſڣ˱
ԣͬĸڼҪҪæЩ㡣
صͷһöǰͣף󼦵ԡ
һ*ӵСˣЩٽĸ󡣡
˵תǮϣҺʹӼ᷿أˣЩһﶼԣ
ǮϽȥͷӦһˣȥɡ
ĿԶֿʼ£⵱ϱģмҲЩóТ㣬˵Ҳ˷ѰɣۼһҲԲһӼ


095 Щ

ǮǿЦЦɩӴˣҹŻԼǲŵңû˵¡
ֵӴ㣬˵ˣֲţûϣԸˣӣ𲻰ɩĻϣϱ͵ܶ£ԽԽǱϰˣڵʱ򣡡
ǡͦŴӳԺǺܹسȻſ˵
ˣҷ˵ɩ˼ɲԸҺСһĸ
ǮûӦһɣԸȥ᷿ȥµ棬ĸɣҲˡŸĵɩˣԸûԡ
˳ӵصͷãҾĸ˵㱧Ŷȥ᷿
Ƕϱãϱľ͸йزųɡǸϰҿС
Ǯϱڻ˵ףҲˣ˵С׿ɺˣ˵
һ۶ӣ˵ɶϱûذѸӶ̵ò֪𾴳ˣ
Ĺĵõף˵
Ǯ죺ˣĪھǰûأСܶײǧĪ̻㣡
ίȦһ¾ͺˣСޡ
ĪСɣСܳùù÷ƼУȥ׽
ǮһѣųСܵ˹ùߣĪСɣǣСֻݡ
ںͷҡͷ̾СɣҲǸģܼҴȥ˾ҲҪˣӰܼǱܰľͰһѰɣʮӵ¶
ǮϿһλɩӣ˵Ļһһ˲
ܼͷû£ҲףǮܼҼҶ𣿡
ҷɲô˵ҵĻ¼ûһӶ㣬ǻˣСɣǲã
ǮҲΪɶôţ˵͵ģܼұ׽رϡ
ɩҼҶбľ㲻ܿĪ׬Ǯ͸оӺˣĪϵĻǵѪأͬǱ߰龡ɾһӶù
ϵĻ֣ҪǸϽһǣҶҪǸˣǮȥܼӦ鷳
˵ˣǰͬϲȵѾܼʮӵƸϲȵôҲûһʮӰɣׯ˼ңжǮҪʮӵĲµġ
ϷܼⲻҲǽб۵¸ƵܲСɣû˾û˰ɣ˭Ҫѽ
ǮҲûɩ˵ɾͲˣôͽСɣˣ»ûأֻܲ˵Ҽɣɡ
ϱҭøɵ۾βջؿڣӣ˵۶ݣĸһŵģҲҲΪӺܼҴɿǸССɣҲͦϲģ
ĪСɣͷҲϲĸǷ˵ã治ãòλֳвСɩӿɰأҿˡ
ϸˣѾͷ˵ķݣܼҴһ˽ģֺʵǸúҽ㣬޹ȥҽúô㣬һӲǶร
ĪСɣͷҲϲܴɣﻨʮӸƸֲȢһŮӼҼ˻ҪѲҼ޲ȥ޲ȥҾڼТҵһӣ
Խ˵ԽûߣǮҲȥˣҹȥҵôƶ죡ƽ𣿣
ĪСɣһЦ͹ߣùôȥȥ
˵űǣС߳һһСŲ׽УֺǺǵؽҲ˼ͬһŪԵȥˡ
ֿʼȰǮϲܷ£Ǯͷʹֲ˼ֱͬӷֻӦߣ
ɩش壿
˵ÿĭɣҲû룬ֱӱҡҡͷ粻ȥ˼ˣ̫ۣҡ
˵̲סԹȫ۸Ƶã׬Ǯǲףүæ˼Ҵ󻧵İ﹤Ҳֻ׬ôʮӶԼǴŽɽӰ㿴ܲͬɺϱٺ˵˵
ĪɿһӲſصĲԺٰѻ߶ȥǮϸϽ
ɩӣǰ࣬ҿҲĪˣɫ磬ҸðӼЩ⣬ȾȥɣýûɽҲۣҪˣӻĻҲ˼Щ
㶣һ³ԷҲԲϰӼǲߣܽԼʡЩࡣ
ǳɣҾȻذɣҲＸˣкҡ
ǮϿ˿Ͻȥʮһõ⣬һװӰˡ
ͷ뵽Ǽһ벻֪᲻᲻ˣ
ʶԼͷһƺͦ˼Ҷ˵ϱţأȥĪ̫̫ôֳ˸ϱţǰͷˣ
ҶӣҲŮѹֱˣƽ׽˴ǼЦ
ɣǵһЩأúýѵѵӦôϱŶԣ


096 ๫

ĪһţȥºƷб˸磡
ĳиϽ±ӣĶͷûȲȣԽԼӴ˹ȥ
ôˣҹû˰ɣ
ſӣûУǱͻȻеԼʲô˵ҵĻû¡
ĪȾȴǲģСС
Ϊ򲻺ãûܱ㣬ҲûܱǼԺӣŽлԺӣҶܻأû˯ֻί˯ϣûбӸǡ
۵Լ״졣
Ī˵ЩûõģܺúûžͲˣ˭뵽廹ͬǿ˵Цƻ»ؽɽȡ׬Ǯվͳ£
Ҳ฻Ҳ̫ĳϢֻϣɶʱܹϸİӱã๫ɽΣգҲˣ˵öԣΣջðĺá
ĪȾ˵̫ˣǲǰʬһ㲻ɽ˰ɡ
һۣ
˵ϾͲĪһ׬ټϱ۵ǮϵҩǮɽͲܵҰѻ˵ٲ죿
ĳбѵʵʵ㵽˼ǰҲԹԭͷϴ
ΪˣĪҪ˵˵Ϊ˵ɺã
ֺֺЦ̧ί
Īɱܵľٶһˣת׽סֻСֶϡ
Ӳ˰ɣϲΪ࣬ɾ࣡
˵߰˼ҵֺõꡣ
Լˣʵ̲סֳ˻ȥ
˰ɣݻûأҲۣʵĳҰѼƻ˵ꡣ
ĳԸϽӵһԵıӣһظϳ
˵Ϊء
ŲŲ*ãſڣȰʬһȻǺúѡѡٶǿ׳Ĵһɽúһӵҩü׬ȱǮҲȡɽʮĶﶼ㲻Ӳùˡ
ĪЩ죺˵Ҫ˽ɽ
ͷûҪƷöҲ׳꣬Щ̰ˣͷļƷǲġ
ڷɽʵ̫Σˣûһı֤˰ȫԣǱʱ˸𱣻İȫҪŬҩһֲ֣һδνɽֻ׬ôǮЩ׬ҲЩ
Ǯ׬Īɶûʲô˵ȫԣȴһͬͷ
þܵǱ㰴˵ģٶЩõһɽ
һۣ㣬һһ׬ӣҪ׬ҪǮ
ĳʼ㣺𷿵ǮѾˣǺľӹ˹ֲϣҪӣٿʮĶ˹ҪʮӣѸˣҪأӡ
һۣ㣡
ĪɿŶҪǮҪĶʮʮֻʮҪ׬پʮÿĻҪʮջ
ôãҲЩȣҪټ첻ܽɽӣǵ£
ĳͷһͣǰӣ̫ˣֻĶɣʡ¶ٶʮӣʡʮյʱ䣬ϰ±㹻ˣ
ͷһӣϢʮĶҿˣ
ĪȾ㣺ӺֻΪ᲻á
СֶˣСҲûǰˣ˵ĸɰһЩĲЩֺǿôƣ
ӣˣɹ»ؽɽñɣǾһ
һõԴϣ
ɵɣɽǶҪǿһô죿
ĳиϽҡͷӣΪȹݶˣҲûǰ󣬶Ȼϴ
ĥû㻹ȹܴˣҲûأ˵صЩͲƲһڸˣ
ľһѱסӣֿ־ڲѵ
ǿɲɣܴñ˭˭ӲҪҼӾôɹҲӣ
룺źٵ츳ôƨ𿪣ˡ
һ·ҪĶָϽش壬ּԺѾ֧ǽײ˻һȺæĴ֣ײ̧ֻ֮ɽʬ׽ӻ
Ѿֲӣ˵Һüʱҩסָ룬˸ЧֹѪҩϸչ˼գȶûΣˡ
ֲֻ˵ùأٲҪϸ꣬ȴҲᣬֻҪˣҪҩָõġ
˿ȴֵĶӵȴҲҡͷ˵˵̫أⲻ°̺
ˣҲֻܽʵȴǱʹ֣úõļһһˣ˶ûˣΪĸףҪǿ±ˣ
ڶհɽ˵ʲôҲҪȥˣһӵķޣΪ*ǡ


097 

ĪҸүӣӰϣʮڴ˵ĿϺŵţ뿪˴ӣ̾ꡣ
֮ǰǽɽĽ޲Ҳһȥǽٿȴôֱ׳ζս죡
ּⳡô˶ԺڷɽֲǿҵӰѪĽѵһδǰݣҲʶ˽ɽ׬Ǯûô򵥣
ÿγſܶЩ˲ϴһɽԲ˽
׾ҵǰմ˽ɽڣ¿ɽ·ֱͨɽڶĲ֪ͷķ󣬴һ·˶˱ܵظ
һɽֱһ⣬غë
ʾʱ߾裬ʮϺ¨еĲ񵶺ͶҲĥ÷ʮ㣬ʱΣյĳ֡
һֱ˳ɽ·˰ʱԽ߰Խľɽ֮ͬǰȫһɼƵɽ٣ԽԽǶֱ࣬Ūգ谭˵ߣҲԵɭɲ
ǰЩνɽǿʺҩλã׼򿪵·ֱĿĵأЩʺϡҩĵطûȥҲ֪ڷɽˣЩɽֱһƬӶסˣɲǺڶģرʺϹҰ档
Щɽľ飬ֱʺҩΪֻҪɽܱϡҩݣƬïܵĴˡ
ֻϧɽ·Ī˵߲ΣûʲôҩģΪңرʧȥУ಻˵ּ֮ͣҲϣ·󶼿֮֡
ȲҪǰˣЩߵϸһЩ
˳·ߣͷҲûһƬԶ谭ߣʵ̫ΣˣĵطҰ޲
벻ֱΣյҰޣԾԶҳΣյĴڣ֮ټȥʬס
ʵÿ˶ʬײûڣϾͷڣǿ϶ģҲֻϣЩŹ£һͷ
һ·ǿûпޣɻ˶۵òҿ
뽫һôĵһ֦ӣףҰ谭ĵطٽԼϡ
ϺǼǿصͷİ룬һչ˺ԸҲɡ
ֺĪɣͬͬһôתܵһô棬ĳнȥٰǼһһȥֱ׸߲ͣ۲졣
ɽٶġ׸ߴѾͷԿ·ȻһǰȥȴҲֻǰ˼ʮױû·
벻ԶˣƬطʵ̫ܣܺܿܶһ¡
˵űӱ¨ֻСȽϵӰ󵽼ͷ棬Ȼϵסӽ⿪Ž˼ļǰһûٲסĴȥ
ֻű֧ŷ˳ȥͷ׼ض˾ҵϣŵòͣУû꣬ëˣƮ
ǿԵȽԶΧѵùͺͺһƬʮ˽ĶûһӣԶƵ͵һΣͷԾһͷ
ܺ﷢һֱֺڵĴȥ
ʱԶĵطֱĳһͷܣҲ˹
ȵҵֻϧλЩߣ˼¶ûţֺ˼
ֻùļܺŵöʱû˶ҲˣһڼϣҲ֪ǲǸˣ
ɹĿ꣬׼֫ˣ
ϵȱһͺ޲ܽɱ֮죡
ʮ֧ЯžХͷŹֻĹֱܷм˻ŵѰǵĿꡣ
ϧ˶Զһϣٵߣﱩŭ֮¸Ҳ
ϼһּһֻҲ֪˭ģۣ˼ܴŹزҺ
һһͷܵĲһֻܵĺȡ
˵û׼ʮǽͷ߰˼
Ūǣ
ּͷûܳʮԶʱ˹ȥԴģܱģÿһͷŭӣʹУ
ؼҲģҾ֮¾ȻֵͷŰ˹
£ϣǹҲ˲ǣ˸䣡
ð밲οҲû£ֻ˻ŵЩֶ
һּĪֶø鲻׼Ա۾뾹Ȼţһܱӣͷܱ䷭˸ǰط˼±㲻ˡ
๫̫ˣˣ
ĳвŵſ۾棿ڲҰɣ
һϼһ߿ûڲ㣬ģ䵽ıӣǼͷǻȥˡһֻˣ


098 ҰȺ

һͷܴǸо߸Σգת˸෽ȥƤôܣ׼λһ
һ͸ˣͷ໵һֱǰڳȥԶˤ۵
˽ּȥڽҲԭأ
ⷬʵǲСƬ񶼾÷˸ɾΨֻϵļȻֻˣ˴ų򾪽иֹ
Ϸߺ޵ͷʬ壬ƼûУһ㱨˳ˣ
⻰һ˶һʹĬƬȫֻĽ
ֽдϸ۲˺һûֶŷԸֻȡ°ӻر¨ȻżǰȥѰʬס
ʮСǵӣ֮·ľͷһƬҲ̤ĺۼȻչǰ
壬ӣ壬๫㼸ڣռʬǡ
˶ûΨϲͬ⣺룬ڰɣļãҪԸ*ǡ
̬ȼҲû֣ϴ༸յսѰŹǡ
ɢźܶණּЩ˴Ĳ񵶺ͱ¨ʮҩÿʰһĶ˶֣صؽϡ
ֱһ鱻ʳİ׹Ǳս¨Ҳ̲סžµ
Ҳ뵽յЦòﱶѹúõһˣҰ޵ĿвͣΪ˻Žɽҩ׬Ǯͷȴȫʬû¡
һСģϽ
ϵŹǲʰ꣬ͻȻ󺰳ĪɺĪϣ˴¨һһôȻŸһȥ
ȫԶȻһƬ¡¡죬ľԲһţʲôˮ㳯ӿ˹
ҵﰡô
ǷֻϹиİɣ
ǧĪҪܰ
ҲŻˣ˵ܣôĶʲôҲ˺һ˵ïܵĴҰӣȫҲ޿ܡ
ĪҪ
Ⱥɿر˵ҲŴˣĻٳ
ֱһͷҰҰ˵ľֶʱ˾㵡
ҰҰ
ôҰ
һֻֻֻ
Ҳ־ϲǾȻҰȺ
תͷٹ۲һܵĻɲطƬɽֵνӴïܣǰȴ붼СľԣǰûԶһӣиˮӣЩҰԼҪȥǱߺˮ
Ȼ򣬵ôһƬĲ̤ۼʱǰȫּҵ˺ܴʱȳģЩҰȥˮȵģ
ֱ㶵ؿҰȺ±˹ȥûжͷɴССҲġʮͷ֮ࡣ
ɩôɱɱ
ҡͷղɱȰʬŪȥ£˵ͷҪ̧ȥ壬ҰҲòˡ
⻰еɴһȺҰܵ᲻ãϾȫǮһֻȥֺܷЩأ
ĪЩҰƬܲˣ·ȥǿӱˮ·ߣᣬٶЩǶŪȥ
ο˲һЩһûôˣΧһȦûټʬǣȥͷˣ̧ųɽ֡
Ϻ͵ȼˣǶ˵سɽ֣˿ͷ̧ȥĴܣʵǰòᣡ
ҵظţôֱҪˣ
Ϸߺ޵ܼţ˵ͷǳⰡ
һ߿һߺ޵ҧ˰̧ţзݣȥͽǰƤǣ
סοӣ۲ҪǰƤǣҪǮСֵˡ
Աסʹʧ밡㣬֪һм
ҡͷøмңǼӻôãЩӦġ
ֻּ󻹵ÿţýڰΪźǶ룬ҲΪ屣ԼŲǣҪߵðġ
ϿŽװʬǵı¨ţãϣһӶúúõģҲʧ
һ˻صʱڴڽŵصȴǻ޲ϲر档
ˡˣһҲû٣
̫ˣǽɱĹҲˡ
һƬڣһȺ˴ӵţϼӿȥû˭ʼǴǽʮ˵ӢһΪǻȲʣ
ͷǰƤǣȫ˶ֽĸо޲ܺڷɽеܶ³


099 Ի

ͷܴ˵㱻͵ˣûضʮӣȫֱץҩϣֲˣǵ֪֮Ƕ⼸ӵΪж
˼ң˵ֻˣȴǼһɾػģٷּҺĪôԴԼ˵ģֱΪˣ
ʱȻûּأүӵ׼µһƬصأĹᡣ
ϵд˵ʽּңӴٺּûֹϸ
ĪȾд˶Ͼ飬ǶӡӣүӰ֮ȥּңּүӰӡ±˹֤
֮󣬰ŵĴ˵Ҫ˽ɽ£ʵôǴΪ⡣
Ϊּҵ˽ɽˣȴɿڣ
ôҺһһҲˣڷɽΣգһɽ͵ȥŹǰһת
ûа취Ҫ׬ǮҲֻȥƴ
һûƴ׼ǲȥģҪϸãɽԣɽʲôҪ׼׬ǮǺ£׬ǮҲǼпܵġ
ҽվͰѻ˵ֻǿ׳ԱΪ۵˽ɽÿ˽ɽ֮ǰҪǩһݱ֤飬֤׬ǮһȺһɽҲȫҶҪ˸
ֻԼҵһ̰ˣҲŴŽɽ׬ǮͬǼһͷƽ֣ûȥҲһ֮ˣ
˵ú飬Ҳ㲻ɻϾҪŽɽ
ү֤ɼһϱƷԺûйӼһʲҪѡʮ׳ӣͬ˵Ҫ׼Ķһͽɽ
ʮ׳ӻ϶ǴнΪƶұܳԿ͵ˣȫΪе٣˿̫࣬ͱ۱ƵͶ·Բžա
ɽҩ°׵֮󣬰ĪȥǼķػѾòˣɻ˶ڸæģļӸһѵصҲ󶼽֮õһСظڳˡ
ĪȾ쿴һֲڳضǼõģĴȫܸҲû͵ˣ
˽ǮǽһΣ°ź˻дҼɡ
ǼǮʱ˹ɸɾͷ
Īֵܣܿ٣ܿʮĶǼҵֱ۵Ǯܹˣ
ǰֵܣǶ࿪һЩɣʵ̫ҪЩǮˣ
ĪɹŹֵؿ룺ӣ㲻ǰ˵İɣ
벻ԣʲô
ĳС֣Ҫдһﶼ׬ֱ۵Ǯ
һЦǰҾ˵ģ𣿡˿ظ
ĪȾ۳ݣӣΪĳԽˮ
һ죺סҲԻˮ͸ˣ
һģǲܽɽȥֻ·Һ๫Ҳᾡ۴Ƕ׬һЩǮ
Һ๫ɽŬ׬Ǯ׬Ǯܿٱ㿪٣ֻҪһﲻŪǷ޶ˣĺǾһлܹǮǱۣ
ӦɼҵģΪ룬˶кñǱ֤úڵأ㲻Ū
Ȱ˵ʲôүӱϵɽָ˴һϢ
ɰǾܿͬϹµĹү˵ˣѾƬطˣܿٱ㿪٣ѲüҪһſʼա
ϲү̫ˣ׬ǮͿȫǿǮˣһûУƬطȫʮĶŪ˴ҲܽǮϣ׬ȫһʳǮأ
һԸɻĴ⻰ʱ
үӳ˳룬ֳ˳ĪȾ㡣
ĪҪ̫磬Ҫ濪ʮĶɵѣǽɲϣǶɾͰ׻Ǯˣ
Īӣʵǳһ亹ɫ׵ؿĳŮ
ӡ
ȴгһЦİ๫а취׬ЩǮĪҪ˵ѣʮĶﻹһʳأ
ĳԾÿԣӣʳҲֵЩǮ
ĸ֪ʳûͷˣ൱Ѱ˼һĶ֪ҪܶǮݰһҪŪʮĶ
ԭģΪɽͷôɽ٣Ÿտ껨СĶѽ
ˣɽѳʱȥѾơ


100 µĹ

ѾʱʵϡҲѵһ˵Һȵ
ǴǵشﲩѾƵ켼δǰҼѾƻҹʹ͸ҹϺү򹱾ƣ
ʵѾǼƵĶԼںÿ궼һЩȣպֻҪ˵ȥһüǮ׬
԰ټ˹ֲɽðҲɽˣǱҩ͵ҩĸ׷¸
ֻǲôأ˵ʮ㰲ˣҴһץɻ
Īɸүһɽ»ش壬·˵ǵľԺүӵ˼ȰõĶɽǰĪңֱӽԺӸƽôǴܾź¡
˵ҶϸŲˣҲ֪ǿ̫໹أѾˣ˵ǲͦأŻҲʱա
ŻȻѹҳô£ȴûҶϳͷ¶ԭ˸ڴС
ҶϵĻµ涨үҵΪˡ
ĪҲֱԣүĪҪҶǸ˿λݺҼӣҲˣŮʵǸ۶
үԺǺһЦСھͷİɣŻҶϾֲˡ
ԭɩ˵ʱҲЩֹٺҶϣɻҲİˣ
벢֪ǸΪΣԵǲ죺˻
үҡͷ̾ǸԶֶǸ֣ӪҲˣؼƢԺΪҲô׬Ǯ࣬ѾȢϱˣɶûСͰĥˣԶ֪û˼ҸҰŮټ޸
ԭΪҶϲԸݣֻΪ๫Ĵ治ʣ벻ôԭɣҶɻ
ɩһҲԵģòҶϾΪ²رɣ
үֵҶϼֵܽ˵ҪǸԺӣͬǼҵһ屣ʵ˺üĶԺҲСϧѾɽ÷ˣȻǿԿһ¡
ҴԺƽҲǸԺӺסˣȻ˵ԺӿҲЩɻ䡣
⣺˵öԣҼԺСõסԺֳô£˭ǰȥﶼ÷ӦϼȻҪǵǱǵɣҺʹ˽ɽ
үӸϽ֣ͬҾͺܸмˣᶫҰŴæҶǱҲͬ˵˵ԺǮýǳ
û뵽ԭֱӵԺӻܻǮԸֱӶүһ
ү̫ллˣ
ĪҲŹ֣Ⱦڴ˶лү
үֺǺǵģԼ鲻ллСǸǷأǴɽ׬ǮǰϷ˺Щͷ°ֻҪǴǶúãҾͰˣ
˵ү㰲˼屣ȥɻ˰峵Ǽ׵Ŀ͵ĪҴԺͬıưףһȫᵽĪҡ
Ҳ࣬ϾǸ׵ļңûʱˣ屣ֱӱ㿪ʼʰǷӡ
Ʒķľͷǳõɽȥõͬһ͵ĪҴԺ⣬ŵա
ٴҲһæ˶СԺûʱˣƽ֮үԸţŴʯӹȥƬطѹƽѹʵԺһƬ
үӾŴǶڣ±˵Ժص£˭
˵ǶͦĽǼĶϧʱʵûǮ
һƬĬվ˳ǼǮܱЩǼҾҪǼĶɣֻĶƬĶɣ
ү˵ͷĶ֣ԭǵҪʮһĶҶǱ߼ų̶֣ͬ˶ʮȫҪֵرֻոͳһʮӡ
ǼĶҪҲǿԵģͬҶ˵˵ӿ޸ٸ룬׬𣿡
ϲ
ܣ̫ˣ
ǸԺӵûҪүӱҲûٶᣬ˸ɢˡ
صĪʱǮĶǼĴ׵ſڣŲһͷ󺹣
ת۳ŰֵؽԺ±һִӸϷ¡
룬͸ϽǼЩʰãԺŵȫǣû½ˣԺҲˣôϱŶأһŰզ
뿴һԺ߰ĶҲһ󲻺˼ĳдгǰ
ǶԲסɽϵķûүּҪԺǳȰѶ̧ˣٹϼɽϵķϰߡ
ĪȾĳŮ־ͿʼŲɻҲϽҪæȴǮһס


101 ϱ

æüûúЪˣֲЪȥЩŮ˸ɵģһ˶Ū
һ£˿ڵõĴףʵЩΪѡ
̫ˣһŲ
ĪתҪȴǮһƣĵɽ졣
ĳвУﰡҲ¸Ѫˣ
ǮϻѪҲãûݣ˼ҵϱúϧ๫ǼҵĿɺãҪ
ԽѰ˼ԽζŽĸˣôרһ
๫ݰɣԼʰ˵öԣǲãۻ˲㣬ͼڸа취
˵תԺţǰǮϿһ
⼸һֱѰôλϱغãɿڰ̰ڵæӰҲ
պò״ᣬ۵ԼʢǱĳŮˣϾȻһӴ޻ϣζûƷˣ
ƲҲꣿҲΪƳˣ뿪ͬŴ˷ͻ
ȻûһԺҲܣֻǳȥְæ
ĪȾȴ׷˳׽סС֣żؿڡ
ӣĪҪﲻ㡭
վ½ŲؿĳУ๫˵ʲôأﵱȻˣԺӵĶǰ㰭£û۽Ժʱһʰ۳ʲô
ΪûٲģûǮʱǰҶˣ׬ǮˣﻹôЩػǵúúТУ
ҪȥæʰԺӣϹʲôѽҺĹϵϽؼЪȥ
Ī۽վԺſڹϽһЦֺá
ѽӣΪʵҸͷ㣬ǺҵȻˣӶТΪҲһĪҪһڼңΪøһɱһڼЪ̹ˣ
ǮһźߣԼûҲ꣬ϱȻû£
ǸƤҩӣ㶪ϱġ
뻨˰˸ͭ׳Ĵ帾ȥæûһԺڵ߰£롣
ǮϿͷЩʣ帾ֳ֮ѵˡ
ôҲֵ˻ɣ׬Ǯɻ׬ǮҲǴһһ׬ģִŵĻϱɽڼݣӵѧʡǮųɡ
ĪΪؿڣ˵̫ˣأǼ׬Ǯ㲻ףƽ׸ĪңһӹҵȰҩˣǵöܼҰ
ɣ۾ͷڰǶϾˣǼӰզզ֣ҵĶϣԺŷϲǽҲˣһӰǣ붼ۣ
ĪҪôЩһӼͳһȥһأҲ̫ܼˣ
Ǯϼȥӣ˵ɶϾģ뷴ڣǼǼԵģҸĸûˣǲ⣬˴ļٻǡӴ˸ôʶӴҶˡ
ĪȾ㱧ͷҴڣﰡ˭˵Ҫˣ˵ҪڼӸ˵զҲˣӰ۸Ϊ򣡡
ЦҺѵһûЩûؼԵģĪ˵ԣȫҶԵãô˷ѣҽǷ
Ҿ˵öԼˣҲúúͬѧѧܼ֮£ûƵһǮڰ׼ʱ˸ݳ޵Ļϰߣ±Ҫأָһ£ҾΨհ
Ǯϣسɹ
ӺǮϣѽȥϱ
룺вأϱչ˵һ죬ҽЪȥˣĪϾͺã
Թ֮Ǯϣ밡ϱӴ󲻷㣬롭
룺ҹﶼպ̹ˮˣòЩһ죬Щ˯ɣǻҪɽȥҰأˣ˯һЩôڸҡ
Ǯϣ
ĲԣΪɶﻹǺơ
᷿ұǹȥĪɵר鷿ɼҺ˲ֿ⣬ͺСûд齿˯Īɵ˯͸סˣͻȻؼҲֻסҺݶǵš
ĳнƾɵıڵϴ˵̣ͷ±һĳŮȥڵظȰĦ
ͻȻˣ̹գɽϵķϾͰߣΪ򶨲۸㣡
ܵſڵϣ̲סЦ
Ī˵ʲô۸۸ﹻõˣȥһֱǣ²ϱĻһ㲻ݣҲĪҪˣ˯սɽҰٲҪأ
һͷǮСӣֱ˯Ծ벻ʲôʰ룬Ͳˣ˶ô̶ܽϱģѲɶĪ̫̫ŸߵҪ
ԽԽ̲סĥ


102 

һ׼ȫ˵ͣӽɽҪʳ
ǰûǮϵ̷ܽϣֻϱּԼ󣬵õ˵Ͽɡ
˵ˣԼСӣҲҪ²ǶһЩַѲٹ
Ÿأ벻֪֪Ҳںһµĸˡ
ϾǮϱϸͲǸŵϣƫĳкﶥܴ̼һӣʵʲôغ
ҲֻǮԼ벻ͨͰȥֿԡ
룬ҩûУϱģɵТģ
ĪСɣҩӳҩһֱڰģɶôɩҸɶѽТҲȫдɩһ˾˰ɣôЩأ
ǮϣѾͷδʰʱ򣬿ûиСӱĳ˵
Цйȥҩӣͷ˵㶫̲ΣӵӹǺõø죡ƽҲڲϼ
̲ŲֵɶǮΪʳԲźãžñ㲻ˣ԰ÿɽ˳ЩؼҸĳв
ĪСɣ̣ܽɩ㶮࣬ҲѧЩҩأϧﶼҸɽ
ͷǶԵģ㻹Сǹҵģɽ̫ΣˣѧЩ˵ҶЩȫҩݻ̸ϾˣȻѧʲôܼס
ĪСɣ⻰ļˣͷؽҩӱȥﻹɩҪǵðҵң
ǮϣŮܶѧ㶫Ҳá
ϱŶҪæϽ£ɩأò㣬ȥɡ
ϲȻʴǣЩʧתȥˡ
ڰʵûøУоλɩرԵҡ
һȺɽðգŵ˼ȥˣȫ˶Ǵ󹦳һԼ๫ĳݣԼС㶮öЩ´Щ˲𰡣
¶Լֵļ¶λɩӸˣȫ룬·ͲУ
Īֻаһ˶ϱ˸żҺóɶҲɵĻϱˣɶ񣡹ȥóɶҲɵķǰòã
ϰšš½ǣĵĪҪΪСװüӱƭˣŲתأװȥ¶ţŻ֪ģԼǸԶڿТĺöϱ
һḻسͣ뱾ȥʰĪСɣȴ롣
ԺһȺ˵ţǮҲµ˽ɽ׬Ǯûٿ
ĳŮֻתȥҪĸˮֱװ˵ı¨Ȼ׶ӣڼҹԹ͹ùõĻųš
ûҪڼչ˴ӵˣֻּӡ
ֵӾȻҲû˵ǵĽɽûЩҲˣ߰ǮϺĪţҲһǻǼҶӸȥԼ㲻ȥˡ
ܵðʵж
ʮһֻʣǮϺͰˣǮûʲôҲûʲôֵĸ˽ɽһ׬ǮȻûκ
Ͼܲöһ˴һȺɽܣĪ๫ҲǲãǮһǱȫͬˣôûë
һȺ˷ֱϺţүԼæţֱڷɽ
ɽϺүӶͷֱ忪ɽ·źʮĸ𱣻ˣɽ֮󲽲СģʮױһֱܳûƬֻ֣ù̽ûΣգ
뾹ȻֻȴͷСܣɱ֮뷴˿
ֶҲԵģֻСܴԼͷܵĶӣֻвٽأûСԱ˶˯Բűܹһ٣ֻˣҲûŶˣʵǶŻᱻֻ
ôСֻڣȴҲ˵ƬطһΧûĳˣһֻСܿ϶ᱻصҧϲԼʳԡ
һڷֳ֣׼Ļȫµ˾Ƭط壬͹ҪҪƬ̤ĵطϡ
ǵöҪ죬ЩҰȣ̫ߣһǾͻȥǸӱϺˮҪ׽Ǿ͵øϽѿںãȻǾ͵õǻˣ̫Σա
ָʮһͷ£Ī߳Īȥ壬ĸȫϴ೤С꣬˸ȫʮ׳ȫ˦ӿʼ塣
ǶҰıؾ֮·һʮ׳׿Ĵ󳤿ӣ֮ͷһ׼˶ķԸϴЪϢŵҰȺ


103 Ұ

ԼСʱ˿ʼЩҰ᲻᲻ʱԶִ˺¡¡죬Ĵ庺һ㤣
ȴ̲סˣҰȺˣ
ȫ糱ˮӿĹľԣֱƬɫ˻ССҰ߰ߵ˳ֱǰ屼ȥ
Ⱥֱļһȫû뵽ƽܹ˵·ͻȻڳҪӣˮӾǰҰǻһ·˹ȥȻߴﹾȫ
˱ܹȥֻϷһ⣬ȫݿ
żһҲܣ
뵱һȥ˵֮һֱ䷭ڵء
˷֮ҲûֻӹҰһּȫû
ҵţôЩҰ
ⱲͷμôЩҰ
ɼҵģҲ̫˰ɣ
ҲּЦŷԸˣǼڣǿȥɱˣǵֻɱЩıɣС£ͷ̧ȥ
ôһ˻ˣϾЩСҰʮҪǾôɱʵǿϧֻܷؼżֱ̫ˣ
һ߷һ߸δԵȫƻ
Щɱ֮͵ȥһ֣̫СȻĲˣµֱسȥǮȫҩװǾͿԺúõȥҩˡ
ʮ庺Ϊ⣬Щţ
Щǰ׸õģ
ɫͷȻ£˸ķ֣ڱ֤ȫ׬ǮǱģҲҪסһҪĺһ׬ǮɲܹǼӵ⡣
ʮ庺м֣лİɣСӣǲǲʶô֮ˣǼӿϴЩ˽ɽѾǶǵĶ飬ǹ˸λǵ磡
ĪȾΪСӣʵԽദԽֱѧʣĺܻˣͳ˧˳ᢣܣؽ߷緶
ʱȷԽˮ಻ĳ֮⣬ֱѰ뿴תͷȥ̧ĨĨ๫𣿡
ĳҡͷ̧סһֻС֣ӣôÿΪɵÿ㡣
ôõӣ뿴߲ܽųɣ
룺ʲô
µһȺʵǺðʽֻЩ͵ĴҰɱ¿ȥɱӾ͵طѪȻһͷͷɱϿȥɽͷ̧
ͳɱʮͷĴҰʮͷûֱ̧ȥлͷŶӵĸµһȻʮͷСһСҰʵôҶˡ
Щ̵ıˣһȥȰϣѪ̫غΣա
һ˰СˣϿʼ壬Ҳû϶ϢȫʮͷССֻװһ¨ȫ˳ȥ
·߶ʮһ˲˿һʤ̣ʵ̫ˣ
үӿССҰҲһټ
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ţôҰЩŶʣµСֻܿر
ȻصʱһȺ˶Ҫ̱ˣȴֵ㡣
ȥһͷֱӸһ⣬͸үӺϺÿʮ⵱ǽţл
˶ΪͬصұͷҰ£ɸϹæӺľһëһ⣬ͷӵĸС£µ򲻹ȫϺسȥ
ȥ˲࣬Ͼţ̫˸ˣֻĪɴ¼Ĵ庺һȥµڼҷС⣬庺źҲˣֵ֤ùƽ
ʮͷСͰشС֣ʮҵСҪһͷʮľͿҪͷ
֪СҰ˶ȽϲͷģֻҪι˶ܻһһͷҲÿʱ˳ЩݻͳɣʮͷСҰֹܿˡ
ʡһȺСһЩʮСǱ㰴һͷַһ£֮ʣ¾ͷСģֻʮأҲû취ٹƽķ֣óǮͷĸһˣȻǮʮһһ¡
ĪԺһӶͷҰʮͷСҰǮǳզŪ
ȴرˣҪȺСأͷĸȫԷչҵˣ
ͽЩһɣϱţҲ˺ӣͬһŪ
Ǯϵͦⰲţ
ûȦôЩզŪǻӵĴأģҪϸҲˣöطЩ
뱾˵͵ɽȦĳȴǲ³˼һС֣˴ǵС
룺
үͻȻڣĪǮϰ㿴òãԺպҪǼҾ͸ɣҲҪˣҿǼԺôСҲס°ɣǱܶЩطסˣͦã


104 Ҷϻ

Ǯһ֮ǰûҪ򷿣ôһȺûطô
ԺҪǮ
үӺǺһЦԺݣǰ԰߷ֶأԭֵʮģҴԺǰͽ£Ѿͬ˵ˣûԸԺӣҶҾʮ۴˶ûǮ˭˭㰡
ǮһͶˣʮӵ߷ֺﶼ׬ˣĪҪ˵ݣ̫ˣΪ԰ǲ˰ģ໮㰡
ͽΣδ£ǲµġ
ү»ֵܴʮҶһӦ˸ǼΪԺӵĲǼԺ͸ˣֻҪʮɡ
ǮһȻĶˣ
ǳɣôˣʮǰɣ͸ȥ鷳үǻ÷
үӿҵķˣҲֺǣڴӦ
˵˵ң¾ͿԺȦȥҶٻҲʰң֮üˡ
͵ضҶһļޣҶұ㳹ͬɽûϵˣүӶԿٽر⡣
ǮϸǸˣ
ǸãɡɣҲĪҪˣϽȥŪȦһԺӵСɣͬʶ궼ҳԺˣͷզ죿
뿴ڴڴĶӣԹȥ˳
ļˣ§Ĳ׵òУ
ףǽտԻؼ͵
СӺ͵һ˯˼գˣͬĸһ˯ҹ﷢ζףǮûûУ
˶ӵСһڣĪҪٹϼǼҵ·ӾҪǺˣʱ׻±ӣ֣ͿԺ͵һؼȥסˡ
ĪȾȥﵽԼֱţһǣϰ֡
ĪҪͬôأۻף
ݣˣұ
ĳж㿪ҪضӵĶɣӽɽһȦӣСΪ򱧱ǡ
§ĲӵͷףõҲҪ֡
ҪȥǣС֣ĳиϽѺӱһϣֿճǣ˹ȥ
еžˣôкӲ׼ף
˱С죬ίػָͷ۰ͰͿԼס
ݵĳһۣ˵ֱӱ˹ȥ
ĪȾ㣬ӰĸТҡݻû˵оŲĿ⣬ĳŮϽĿڣһȥ
һԺֵ˲Ц
ǮϸҪΪ磬ӲǺÿ˰졭
ĪڴعȥĳŮ򣺡ӣΪɣΪΪ⣡
룺⾢ѣԼ졭
үӺǺЦСڣã
ĪСɣҲЩܳɩҲҪһȥŪȦ
ǣҲſôˣŴССĪˣֺġоĴһȥæ֮ǰԺѡ˸ͨˮλý˼ӴȦ
ʱһȺҰȫСֿϽȦǮϺӼŪȦʱһȥݣһ˸ôԵģСɣȥǮϣֱȥҸǼҿصĴˣӲʱһæЩݡ
˵Ҫ㶼ϸּһ£¹ʱ˳ĪңǮûѶŪһѵݣааͰιµĸ鱳¨ӱԺι
ֻôȴû˿ţҵﶫûᣬֲ˽ԿŽȥֻĪɹȦԴ̶Ըſ
˶û뵽һҶϾͻˣСŽ˶Ӳ˵Ī۸
ǣǶš
ɿҶ½󳶿һƬĪɸѳ߰㣬ͨ죬ϡϱ˺üָӡӣŰ˵ǴΪɡ
үӵ˶ֵòòҶĨӵĿޡ
ҽؼұҪʰһ¶ĳĪɾȻҼԺұ㱧סңҰڲݶǳҵѣҡӣһŮӣֿܵ
үӣǰǿɵΪˣҡһô˰ء
ĪҲϹˣǮϸûðɣ
Ҷϣ˵ĪҵĶԲס㣿ȻҶӣǶҼϴͼı죬ҲŹĸ֪ҼɹؾأĸŮӲرݣôͻ㣬˵ЩͲɥģ
Ҷ涵ؿĪӣ˵Ļǧȷɣûжô
˱ǲĪɻµģתͷĪȾȴǽͷʹ˫ֱԴһ˵ģżһĿİĻ


105 ⻨

ҡЩԵɣϲȵ
һȻ˼ĶҶ֣ϸƣžȵط֣ĪŬСƱŤЩ
üĪһĺ죬ڡ
ɣǳôǺôԾĶ
Ī͵̧ͷԣҡҷŸ˯ʱǺˮҲ˭Եģڿʾ͸ˣȻûʱˣźͷ˵ҳ˱ҵˡһԼΣûס
Ҷʹҡͷģû˵һؼҾͼ˹Ȼ󡭡ءɽô˰֪˴£ﻹȢҰҲѽ
˵űҪһԵԺǽײǸϽס
Զ϶һ׼ҶԼ֮Īɺһ¹ϵˮȸ״
ֻϧĪԼҲ⸱ģ֤۸˵ɧմˡ
Ǯ۷ڣȥʹӣɣûϢĶϲȵϾͽˣ㰴಻סԡˮȻ⣡ҶϣԼĹɣ
ҶϴʧĪӣĪҪƾ޾ݵԩˣΪҪܻԼѾ˵պӭȢҹˣ³£ô޸һء
ҪȥײǽܽȥǮҲܽôһĪɾͲ۸ˣɺˣ
ǱĪ̫̫ȴǻЦӴӴû뵽ɻ⻨ӣҿɣֱӽȢˣԺӵǮ˳Ҳʡˣõ£
ǷǵǮҽ˵ܲһ㻨ôֻܵԼ֣ôЩȴⶼԣֱҪ
Īұ˵ϴһԺӵ£ʵòᣡ
̫̫ѾȥֹһˣĪϴ˵˵øһӣôһĶûԼȴִŵػǮȥԺ
˰춼û˹ȥǮҲֻûԺȥĪϴǮϻţһԺţʵǽ̫̫̣
˶֣Ī̫̫ǵŻˣҲ˹ڣԽԽ
ǮŭĿֻ̫̫֪ר£ҲýӲϿڡ
뿴үӣү£
үҲջ벻Ҷ伫ϧԼҲҪ˻飡
ҶϣĪҪѰٻֱ˵ν£
Ҷϲͣسҭȫίʮؿˣһ˼ңĪɸˣһΣһ֤֮ףҲֻĪϷ˷ԣ޸ˣ
ȫ˶һô죬Ȼ޸Īɣ
Īɻæҡ֣ϲȵлԼҲȢ
Ī̫̫һЦлԼˣ۸˼ҵʱô룿ĪҪˣ˶ףϽȢȥһҲ߯ڵĳ
˵꣬Ҷϱһ͵˳ǽϳȥܱߺûˣͽȥɡ
Ǿ׷ȥҶȴһײǽϣػ档
Ī̫̫ߺðˣĪϴһӻ˰ӲǱƳˣ
Ҳ۷׷ףҶϻԣ˵ײײ
үӷֿˣϽզˣ
һæҽҶϷסȴĶѾײһ飬Ѫ˫Ҳǽţ͸һ
帾Ǹ˳УҶһƺ˵òᡣ
˳ͷû͸ܳĳУȴĪȾֱƲһĵ˵ģ
ǮѾˣּţĪҲòᣬ˴վԭ
үӼ˺ߣ˰ҶϻûӦֻ÷Ըȥ̧ݣĸȽſģϽȥƻûоȣ
˶Ϊ˿ǲˣ޲һ̾Ϣ̧ҵݣŵڼϡ
ǮּĪɣôǰ㲻СģˮҲҺȣŪ
Ī̫̫һ壺ɥİ˵˲Т˳Ȼᣬզǳ˰ɣ
ּǼҲ䳰ȷɲզأͬ⽫Ȣ˲ûˣ۸˻Σֱȱ͸һҲȢˣܼǻҰŮ޹ֱϹۣ
ǣǼһ׬Ǯ治֪ҪôNɪˣ۸ѸֲҪҲѽ
ĪɱӣҶˣԼĻ¿ҪӰ죬õж䡣
ǮҲǱߴ߿ޣҪжԺҲ֣֪֮粻ռСˡ
Īּ̫̫Ǽһһ˵ԽԽҲĪûøֱ硣
ĪƲȥˣȥסﰡĪҪٴȾˣֲǹģ޳С˵ĵ𣿡


106 ú

ǮϺ۾ֵܶˣһһģզ㲻ʡİĵϣЩƨͲܻզأ
ҲǰûЩΨ²ҵøڣɫĪɣҶϷ˵۸۸ˣǾֻǳѣڣ
ĪԲԾԼ˵С
Ҿͱס£ȻǸͷˣҷֲϲȵʹסˣȻͳңûû۸ûУ磬ɩǵѽΪΣϳϲȵ˲űġ
תͷүӣү۴Űɣ
үܣϣԴȫô˵˭ȥѶλȥȷһ¡
ɩվ˳ȥ롣˵תŮȥˡ
Ŵ֣λˣ˵ûĶҶĪҲж֮ˣտ˵׻¾öλźҶϼһ¡
²ϵҶϵϵɺܼҵĻ£ܵð鶼ŪˣܾôŹƽһˮµɵ㣬òȥźýķڷһ˵ǲǣ
ûûҶͻȻôһҲȷʵΣܴ֮Ŵһ׬Ǯ˶ǲģȻ᲻ӡ
ֻĪּ̫̫Ǽ˻˵ģͬ˵
ϴϱӴͿʼ취ˣҲҶϲ۸»֪أ
϶ϱϸŸͣɲϹ߻ָֻˣǰǰ׼ҵС㣬Ī۸٣˾ƱƣڿɺãƾŻṴһȺ˽ɽ׬ǮɾˣǲҪ
ۿȥҿɶҰΪδһﶼУҲϴǼһ׬Ǯǲҿʲôô
Ī̫̫һޣøСˣҶϱ۸ôˣ㻹û꣬Ҫ˱Űǰɣڿأ
Ϊؿۣ֪ûڿأЩuĺ˵˵˵ľԲк³ǲƣ
Ī̫̫ţһûаû㳤𱰵ĶһӿɻûһӵТĸأͿʼûûСˡ
ּҼҲʹÿˮɣ޲ܰͷһ°ȥ
廨ŵʺĪȾǰһߣסС֡
֪ͬ£ɵ۳̣Լлȥ֮
һۣߣĺˣ๫Ҿأ㲻ã˵ĻرƣһվÿڣԼ첱Ӵ֣ҪѪˣ㱩Ǻٵģզô벻أ
ĪһĨȻ򣬴ַĳŮʵǣǺãټӰѾ
˵̧ͦͷøǰһվֻҪ˭ˣתͷȥ
ѽû˵˰ɣ㱾Ҳ˼ˣ
ͷŵĶ˵ˣ㻨棬дһúû
ף˵һ飬̫ǰɣĸӲɽģǺۡ
¿ˣ߹ӻӣĪּ̫̫Ҽ˶Żˣĸŵѽô˶޲϶䣬ҡͷԶԶġ
ĪȴվԭأƵʮ㣬㲦
˼վԶ˶ûҲ̫ˣ
߱ߣͷûβģǳܵӲбǽ۷޶ſ߲١
ּҼˣҲκãд˷Уڸʹһ仰
ʧķĪɣԸȥɣؼȥˣ
øϣǲˣúõҲ̵
ǿǱǮɫ̫Ī̫ù̲סЦ
ɩӴҪȥҶϸʱ
ϸүһ
үӹ˹֣ͶλϽˣ¹ϵش󣬿ɵϸã
ϸ֣ӦүģҶ˾ḻܿġ
үӵ˽ݣɡ
λŽûһоʹҶϵļС
ĪҪңҶѾˣǻңĪҪңˡ
ԺǮһ󼤶ѽô죬Ҳ֮ˡ
Ҳ֪ʲô£ҶϽеʮ׳ңûƬ̾ȻҪȥϸ˳


107 һ

ϣߵԴǲߣҲŽ
û˲֮ˣҪ֤ɺãǵҪһ㣡
ϣҲүӸ״û飬ҶҪҪľͷҪôһүɡ
ɩҲ˳ҶַʵĪֵ۸˵ӣҿǲ뻹˹ҪĪҡ
ҶҲײײ˳ɢŷᣬǻѪͨһ¹˵ϣرͷʹޡ
үˣһ·ɣҲԵģֻҪĪ˸һѣ˵ӣүǲҪˣҲȥ̭үֻɸ𣬸Ҹְ
Ǯָס㡭ɸδ£ӲҪͷϿʺӣ
ҶʹĨ˰ͷϵѪáǶңҪЩ֤ңұٽ飬һס
˻ֿʼͷĵأǸҪǰȥִ̧ȣ
ţģ˵ģ潫ԼˣǶҼҾͲˣнʺӿ۵ϣ
ǳͣ˽ŲҶϿ£ͷ۵Ҫû˹һſ˵ϣһԩַߺ޵ģָס롣
ø룬ˣӲҪڵ˵ǰ׵ģףܽ⣿һƫƫˣĪҽǲҸĪΪҸұȥŸǣ
汻Цˣðȥ棡ҪŹүҵҿ㻹ε
Ǯϼһ£ֵ𣿡
ͷʹؿǮϣҪȢٰǹҪ𣡡
Ǯ˲ʱҧβֵ֪Ųǰ򵥣
Ǯֵȥ˭˭ҲۣһֿٲҪȱץȥһƤףҪųҲûϴѵӽ𣬻ôͰµԱڵ
µҲֻɿڣҪȢҲɣҶϿʵʵλӣֻҪףͲҶִٰˣһ˶ܸ֤ɱӹѡ
ʵҲǷŰһʱҪҶԭ˭֪Ȼװνеףƻø飿
ҶǮϵĻЦĪӣûƣˣҪ˵û۸ʱõ֤ڴǰٲ˵Ҷˣ𣿳Ǳ֤ɻȢңԸֵֿȥĪֵôô
Ǯʵ޳ܸòᣬ֪ǺʱĪɴг
ҲȢզֱզ֣űţǱӺģҲ⣡
ǱжѪԣؿ
ҶҧݣãĪɣ浱Һ۸ҡ
ߵߣ䣬һҶϻû˵˵ϡ
˶ڵ
룺Ѿˣ飬Ų۴ģҲУҵõȫǺúø֤
үȷӦϣԴǻҪλһ£Ϊ֤ĸñŵģҲλ
дܵºӴǰɽȥŶ
Ľ˵ҲҶϸûĪ۸ţĸ֤Īɿ֤ʵһףȴԾѹöڵϱͷޡ
ǰɽŶˣܼҪ˶ñ֪¶ôȥϲȵѽ
ͷҶ˹ʶʲô£ʱѾ¶ĪɸѾˡ
Ů˵˵ãԾһ۸ģ޿俪ʼǿȫˣûټ޸ˣ˭ٱҲֻȥ
ɩүӶһۣԤϵҶôһҪľܻ飬ͷҲ޿κΣϾ֪»ôҲֻܵſǱô˵ˡ
ҶϼĪȴҲûݣܳסǮϣҪĪ⳥ʧ
Ǯú˦һ⣡
ˣӺҶ˼Ҫ⳥
ҶЦк֤˵ҼӺģһɶۿ׶ˣĪԼҲˣҵŮˣҷĪҲΪҵ룬ӲɲΪҲˣƾôʧҲң
Ϊ£˶ȻȢˣֵȴΪҪ˼ңҵķҵȫˣȴĪɻüޣʧ𣿣


108 ֮

ǮڻڵóӶˣΪռôСԺӣֱڸԼҲѽ
ҶϣĪҪû֤ݱڰ˵ԻֻҪˣ˭ҶǼңΣ
ҶԾɲģô˶ǼҵĺôͬǴһӣҲǺǵģҵˣҲˣǲ⣬ҾͲǼңԶңǼǷҵģ
ǮЩιȥϽס
ĪҪģֳ֣ʲô
Ǯһ˦
ŪЩǵĻˣ
ؿŭˣҶһĿؿ
룬ĪҪΪˣһղʧұһղߣԺͷƣ
ֱƣҶϣҲ̫磬λ˿ɻû˵Ҫ˻أ˵ݲŮƲ֪Ϊ伫˻飬ǻȢȥٺú
Ҷ϶ʱɫһףһĨ֣ȴԾӲ
㲻ЩңҲŲأ
䴽ǣòֻԺҪǵãǧĪҪţҼԺǵˣЩԩǲøԺǽ㣬û׼ȥҿΰ˯أ
ҶɫӰ֣ŭָߺ룬ɱģĪԩң
ĪϰС֣ǣߡ
ӷģߣԩԻֱ˭ɱǣҹͻȥɱ֮ʣ
ûںЩǿ˿ˣЩզ죿
ĳУ
ĪȾΪʣٲҪɽһȦˡ
һЦһۣ㣬СȻĻЩ˵£ɵĻҲû᲻Ӱ죿
Īί
һڲ˴ɽպٲҪЩɽȥιෳ˰
Ϊˣ֪˾͸öӵģɶʮˣʵܳ⣬զ죿
һۣզ죿ܼ֮ǰҪʮǮܽ£ǾͲ¶
ĳУȻ˼򵥣
ֵץ׬Ǯɣ๫֪ˣǮǸöҲǶⶫܰ쵽£Ǿȫ£ֻûǮ
Īַ̧ͷеΡ
ӣ˵Ļе
һ֣Ϊռѽ
ĳдͷţҼӱǵȻ¶ռ
һۣǿأ
ĪȾЦһֺãӣΪͷδᣬؼӰΪɺã
üңҪҪΪٸ㻭ü
ĳ۾һòãΪӻü˵ȤĹ֣֮
ΪЦģһصҵ¿죬ϸϸľ̿Ҫü
ĳŮӦˣֻðΣˣò׻ã˶˷һӳԷ˶ֱ
СĨĨüǣմһֵĺڡ
ĪСɣȥͶ˿鲼ݸɩô׻ңüëˣ
ǿ飬ֱӵؿڣɩѲɸС㶼ü𣿡
ǮûһͭúȥĪҪѹɢ˻꣡
뿴˿ͭԼС»ҪһȦüëһǾεġĳУ
ĪȾ㲻ͷģɷ磬ĪҪΪΪϲ
üǵ֬ͿϲţҲ÷һЩ֤жֱƵĴ庺
ֱӸĨѺڻĨ˰ȥ
ǰɣ๫㲻Ҳһһ£
ǮӣԷô֣ûأ
һ˳ɣģ̫ͳȳţȥϴͻأҶȳԣصҡ
ǮϣҪܣҪҪվסǷɶأ
̧ۣѾӡ
ϴǮϿڱЦֺá
ɵҺ๫һ£ܼǱǲֱ˻ģϾ±۵±ƵýܼҶɣҪǼټʮǸƸǮǳˣϾŪЩǵĻ
ܼ˵£ֱͬ˵ܵίӦǵҪǣĪҪֲ졣
⻰˵ǮĿˣɻһͷѹҪûԣҲǵĻ£ܼһ˰ķǮϲͨʵô
±۵鷳Ǵ£Ī˵û淸ô󣬼ķˣܼ̩ҲΪίϲȵ¼ޡ
ǳɣôɣܼǱ߲ãСɣĻҲҪӰ졣
ĪСɣǿԼĲϲܴɣĪҪ


109 ֱ

ǮϵŮôЩ£ܴòɶǲЩڼܳ裬ĸ׽㣬޹ȥҪ
жﰡĲʲôٻֻŮ۸
СɣϲܴҲǸ¶һԼϲһӣҲ
ɹܲˣԼûôС޲ԼҪΣԻǲΪ
벻ĪСɣȴƫƫɩ㿴ﰡҪҼ޳ȥɣҲôСʮأҲˣͬ˵˵Ҫ˵ܼҵĻ£
룺
Īӣô֣ɩûԷأһߴȥ˵ű㽫մյߵСû
ĪСɣֶţɩҴ簡Ҳ۸ң
룺
ЦŰСɣȴȥ棬ͬ飬һҲûھͼޣ԰ɣĪҪ
ĪСɣɿǵµǿһ飺ɩˣһҪ˵ﰡɶҲҵģ
Ǯ־ҪŮϽĴ
СĸĸĪҪ
Ǯֻ֣յصŮȥҩôЩʡĵĶ
ͷǷס
ϸ˰ʣˣɩʶĺĽ㣬ı´ƣСûңȻ֪վһߵġ
ȻԶԣɶ˼վǱߵģԼרŵ𣿻˵ҪҪôˣ
ǮϹȻһߣĽСöˣǰɣĸң
룺ԩ
ĪȾ޿ħ˵˭СãСΪҼӣжã˵أҼδվһҼӷŻأû𣿡
ϱʵȦһ죬Ҫޣ
Ͻһţվǲȥسǵ˻ˣ
һȫͷȥΪɻˣŶӾſ
ĳŮû룬ɫԸ
ʱҲˣǵÿЩɽȦŪã˴ͬ๫ȥɽϿ˵иɻİ￴ͳɣǾͽɽץ׬ǮҪ¡
˵ͷûʲôɰһ˵£ǮҲˣϻͷڼӣûҲ˲϶˵ȥæ
ĳŮ˿ĵ๫ǣһǲû죬ҺֻǽȦû˵һ˶ᵽɽȥס⻰ǾԲ˵ˣ
ʰ֮˱ɽæҾߵľҲڣͷȦĴˣֱЩոõĴֳɵľӿʼȦ
Īûʱ˳ɽܵǰȱϲ
磬ɩЩˣĴɱõ⣬ܹ˰ʮպùʮʮʮҩǰѶˣΪɽأ˵ҪЪһ죬ɽŪȦ
Ц֣Щ˹ˣؼȲȻȥЩɣǵһǶýɽȥæüĲ񲻹գҪż
ŶĪһ⻰ϱתɽһ¶ûӼֱĪɻҪֱ
׵ϵΪɶͳԼҷƢˣ¶תһȦ붼㱻˼զ֧զǣ
һһ๫оãżЩ뷨ֱֵǿˣ
ĳоͷԼܵСӵĹע˫һЦһִսִ֣ĳŮС֡
ΪΪǾΪر˳ΪͷģԲ˳ۣհΪͷɣ
룺
ʵûЩҲͦãƵģⶼЩʲô뷨
ʲô֣æȦܸ
ĪȾֱ׳ΪȻҪӣ̹ΪֲãȦ°ﵹæ
룺ðɣԼȥָôȦɣָҲӳˣ
ˣĳŮϸָӣظǵȦԺиǵĸ̣ûԺǽܻܳͷΧһȦʡ
ЩȫŪѾȥ˴գøһЩֻĸľͷסСأ֧εӣͷ˸ͷҲϼľóһͷһéݴĲӣͷǰŶò̺õãŻͦ
һϢҲЪˡ
ֿǮڵصĴˣ˳ЩԺͷι
ɽϵ°׵֮һ˱شȥңһԺͼҶȦԱߣﻹͷС߶߶ģʵЩˣ
ǰ˵㿪ʼץСֱװ¨ɽϱĸͷϡ
һȺܿ춼æĴ˸ˣֻʣҶϻһͷ


110 嵶

վǰҡ
ҶϷ۾ǲأ㻹ɣ
־ȥͷСҶ͵һ̧Լĸʻһ£űУɱˣҲǼСɰһȻõͱҡ
˵㽫һɣС䵽˰뻳ȴҲ¶ĶذѪ䦿¸Ŀ
۽Ǻݳ飬벻Ů˺˵ǲҩ嵶զ죿
ҶҡҡλվڸߺҪɱ˰Ƕˣж൨죬Ŵһ͸õͱң
һĴ𾪵ĵŵٿ롣
ĪȾ㵱ŭȣҶϣﺦҵܣҼӣ㵽
ҶһЦίʮʳһǰϿҲ˳ۣأǾȻҪˮѵԼԼһɣ
޲ĵܣ
ӿڣûҲû뵽ŮôݣԼһ¶ó
Ҷһ˿ڣҧŴߺ޵ؿ
룡̫̫ү޷죡ҾͲˣô˿һһû˵ȥ
ǣֶθǶƭ÷ֲʵ࣬ǶƼˣǵǵͱһܲٵôҲûɣ
ҲԵģֻҪǸһ乫⵶ܲԼͱİɣ
ŵӲϣѪͱ˵ǼٵģǲǰͱûƼ
ҡͷû
Ҷϣ
߳ҶϣΪԼϲѵվǰȡ
ϧ֪ŶϰҪƾ֤⵶ϻָƿΪϰʵ֤ҰûѶУңָֻܲԼǺΣ
˵֤Ī˵㱾Ŵ˿ͱԼһңҪ֤Ҳ֤޹ΪõĶ̽ɱѺöˣͱһҲûվѪˣ
˵űԼĶ̽ϸխлεҶϲֵ̧ۡ
һ꣺õͿúܣ
Ҷ̫ˣһٶϹ֣˭
ˣϽŮԶ㣬;Ż
̽Сߡ
ĪɺݵһۻŸҶϡ
ûУˣҲû˻㣡ߣ
תͷ๫ˣĨһѪҪ˵Ѫأ
ĳͷƤһ飬ϽӿŲҪѪˣ˵ǲǻ̫࣬ˣ
Ʋ죺ǲǹҲãŪѪ«һйԩŵôŨѪζ𰡣
ĪȾϽԺӣȥͬ˵ԺǲҪˣϽүǮ˸ǣ
ͬеߡ
Ҷ϶վȦȫɪɪϽǰûһ糤СаγˣܻȥԼҩֹѪִӰ﷭һѵĻֽﵽ
ﻹĪҪңĪҪңɱǣȫǱǸС˸ƵģҸֽǮгԩȥ
ڻֽǮɸյű㱻һ紵ٵ㣬ֱ
ҶŵһƬɷףķ簡Ҳһط䣬ŵͷҪˣæܳ⣬ŴǱҾ
ͬĪȾ뵽͵ɽϵȦشȥүӣȰͷҶϻصС͸үӣȻֽŷ˵һ飬˵Ҫҵķ˵
ү̾Сˣȡֱӻǡ
һûüȥϸǻҶ̫ˣƾôϹڣҲϹǲҪԺãҶֵ֪ģٲҪѵ˳ͬ˵һ׬ⷿӵǮˣû˸򣡡
үҪΪǳ˼ΪлүллҵΣ
үӰڰ֣Ϊµͬһ֪˽ƽϣ
ҶϾǸҲĪҪٴԶһ㣬տǸֶǺ뷨˵
ͷĿ⿴ĪȾ㣺ǷҲûտʼǾҪŴһɽ׬ǮȥˣͷɽǼ𷿿ص£үæտһ£
ĪҲŹ֣үˣͷŪˣһ׼ϻؼҳԶٺõģ
үԹЦúúãĪ˵ЩĻҾ͵ŴҳԶٺõˣ
̸ǳʱǡÿվԺǸ΢һüͷϵһɫҲڳʱæɡ
Īѽҵ˭أĵôˣ


111 

үûغһɤӣ붯Щʲô۶ӣû˵²׼Ժ𣿸Ͻȥ
ҵӳҶˣҶҹŮŶ಻ã
үֺһҲ֪ԸˣǻеУʮüˣһ컹Ҳģ
ĪȾһ£߻⣬ϽүӸǡ
үæȾȸˡ
үӻ֣ȥȥɣʱҲˣؼЪϢսɽСġ
˻صңʮԭⲻøǮϣǮʵ˵ùǺ
аɣǰԺˣﻹΪǮҪƽ״ˮƯأ
ĪȾӿڣȫĹͣŶȥүӣ˵˺ûүӲͬ⽫Ժˣ
룺
ǮȴǵһۣҲ˼ү壬Ͼ۶˵˵ģȴŪүӲˣǿɵúúøл˼үӣ
ͷţΪ˸лүӣ˼һͷС̣İɣǼҾԲǷ˼ҵ飡
Ǯŵ˵ͷ¶ȫǿɵøҼţǸҶԶ㣬ǧĪҪմǼǲֲҪ񣡡
ĳкܲӵؽһ죺⻰˵ģմĻ
Ǯ̧־һƣ㣬Ҷϻ㣬Ż*Ϊ
룺
룺ȣȥˣЩʲô
ǮֳһۣȻſڣҳɶɣ˵㣬ܲٳձӸЩԣ
ĪȾ㵱վôԣأСӣ֪ԣҲȥ
һѽס˵ɶҡĪҪ๫˵öԣǵٱҲأ˵㲹͵Ӧö
ĳУСӵС֣С̰ڵæŶ죬СˣҪˣǺã

ǮϱͻȻһһôû
밵ĳһǣԣ
ĪȾӲ۶ʹһؿڣӴҹȥӱ͵֮ǰЩ㣬Σ
룺
Ǯϣã
룺
ĳУǾɡ
Ͻסȵȣ๫㲻ˮº̫Σˣ˵ô֪ǰ
ĪȾգգۣǶţҹȥһȦλˣΪֻѣҲºӣ
ɣôĸͷ̫ˣȥ϶ᱻֵģ̫̫Ǳ߾͵֣
ĳһ˼ȥӣǼҼСҲܰæҲӱܡ
Ǯϴ֧֣˵öԣǼҵ޶ˮʲǼ۵ҲǸóˣܹ۸ǣ
룺
Ȼ𲻿׵¾ôñöˡ
Ű㴷ĳУ
ĪȾĶҪ¶ǰɣ̫̫Ǳ߹ѵѪ
ĳȫȻں׽סС֣Ī㲻˵˭˭λǣ
룺һҲû˭ˣ
»ǸˣСһ밾͵С飬ȥ̽ĪҸĺӶΣĪҿ˻˴壬СӱˣĪɣĸӱߣȫȴû㣡
Ī˻ؼ֮ǰŸյ⼸һûܵ㣬Ǳ۸£ԽԽѻԱ㽫ֱӻغҲûϵô˳Ʈˡ
ĪɺͰѾȥɽϵҹ˾С̵Ĳϣӵé㣬룬ǱһȤ
ĥ᲻߰ҹһֱ۾Ͳһ
ˣأܲܺú˯
˸Ͻ§Ī£Ϊ§ú˯
ô§ĺߣô˯
˸Ͻ˸ɺãȻ˯ΪϣΪ㲻ˡ
̲סЦ˯ϣ°ѹ
ĳоһΪͷ֣֤ѹӡ
ʱһ̣˫ֵݰͰ͵š
֣ջҪɽأ㶼첡ˣú˯
ĪȾͷӣΪۣþû̹ˣ硭
ĳŮ˵ֽ꣬ŲõؽȥֹͷȥҪ˯ˣջҪСǸهNɪҶɽ
вǹصģNɪϽԹɺãֲı˵ɶɶУ
ĪҪΪֻӰĦ¶ѣȻ㲻⣬ǱˣΪ˯ˣҹ
룺봷һôƣ
Ƿﵽ˼ϣѽҹأ


112 岽

Nɪд˺£ϲ˫ַ˼ӵҪ
Ȼأ๫Ϊ
ĪȾֱˣЩû˯ѽءٴصƿ
ĪΪˣ
๫Ҫ˯ң
ĳдͷֽŲ¡
ӣΪˡ
һɻԭ˯֪ƭҵģҰĦߣ˵ǰʵռ˱ˣٸ҇Nɪ߳ȥգգնɽ
ѵȫһίʮӦһӣΪˣΪҲҳѿ֮ϷŪӡ
͵ЦߣҲңϽ˯
һֱֺۣõؽ§ΪˣΪϣʵͬ.......ӱȫΪһοɺãΪĺӰ
뱻ȫȣĪɣɫӣҹȥ
ȻĪȾıŮͳվɹ¹⡣
ӣΪ򷽲аʧȥǣˣͷ䣬ΪȥȡůɣΪֻ֤ȡůѣ͸һСǾͳɣԲ˯
ϴȵֱǷͷؿڡ
Ͻ˯ĪٳңҶ˯ְҳѣ
ĳйԹʵʵ£һСǸǵϡ
ûװܿ˯˹ȥ˹ȻΪ˯ˣһֱֻ۽§סûɶӦԷɿѣ˻°͵浽Ѵ˿Թ˯ˡ
뷭˸ס˴ÿԣԼģʵǸ
ĳȴṴ§㱧ʵҸҸ
һҹ޷ϻûмУ뻹ǱӻˣûһߣֻģȺģʲô
һƣһֵĴߣһعͷ
һַɿߴһ֮һûӦİ׻һ˦һֵٻ͵һӣؽһװ볤Ĵ߸ӵȫͷѾʣ
ĪȾ㱻оѣҲĿɿڴ˼£Ȼһϵϵһϵ䡣

ڼأ
ĪȾѵ·ɵĺӣж㵱ҧѽ
һ»ŵͷ֪ߣֽ岽ߣأҺû˯ֱҧڣȻɲˣ
๫ط߲٣ҪסЩ취߲ųɡ
˵˵岽ߣĳЩҪεĸо
ӰԶһЩɣĪҧ㣡
ְһߣû£ҧˣ̧ͷҰͷжˣûȥƳ߸ɣ͵ҩǮء
ʱͬүүҩߣԶ׽ҲǺһֵģҲҿһֱ£Ȼǲ⣿
˵߹ͷжˣĪȾ㽫Žɵǰϸ˿ſſߣɳ߻ţͷ㤡
⻹û͸أӿɵõ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôϽԱߵȦĳвԣҲ˹ȥ
˲ѣһʵһ
ȦС˺üֻһͷĸҲ˵ϣŰĭֺףԼҲǲˡ
TMģߣ˵ôûҧǵҧЩԼѾûжˣ
뿴ЩСҪĴĸҪֽӵϣȡһ룬Ѿˣ߶ĭҲ޲϶ӣպؼͷС
ؼǵøϽ취ЩȻô
ߣ๫ϽؼңɽöЩ߲ݻֵطųɣ
ĳ˦˦ȥظһԲסѣӵģӵİɣ
뵹˦ߣ߱ȫǽѾʣֻܼӾʹͷ֮ޣ
չҵҶϸ߾ŮҲͰˣҲʵǸ
صŽ߸յðѴ˸ţȴְĳŵˡ
ӣȷ𣿡
Ѿôˣ첽صĪңȡɱ̺߸ɣʹĪ̫̫Ľ
ĸɱǧҼҵӸѽҲȺٵĹ
ͷϣ˦־ͽ˳ȥ
Ī̫̫ſɤҪԺͻȻɳһЩû䵽ϣһȻôϳĶߣ̫̫һˤϣͬĶϱҲ໵һУͷܣ
Ī̫̫ظӣʵڽͨһˤ˵ϣ޵ջ˻վסӴιҪҵѽ


113 

ϱֵ˻ڵϣһһµţŵҲ˲Ͽ᲻Ī̫̫ܣɥȮһ֮زز
Ժӣ߼˻ȥȡߵɱϴɾȻ̳һӣ̶סҵͷ
ŪߵʱǮϺ϶Ƽˣ޲ŵɫף˵Ѿˣôһ߻ǹ˵ģ֪߰ҲĪ̫̫ϱˣ־ʵǿЦá
ɽϵҧüͷ½жǸϽȥ˰ɡ
ǮЩʰҪȥ
ţŪ궾ߣĪҪˣȥɣɡɣϽȥɽȦȥ
Ī϶û˵ȥˣ뿴Լ֣벻ɱ߾ȻŴϲѽϲ
ĪȾɲЩݣǶˮϴ֣ǧӰӣɲܸץǶˣһҧ㣬Ϊô
ݶ
ĪϱŵܻؼУӲĪĪĹҺʣʱպǮϽȥ˶ʱ뵽⣬ҲʲôˣĪϴһҲǺôټҲ۵ûţĸڶɺԶԶȥ
ȶɺɽͷĸϳȥʱĪĪļֱùǺôһﰡö⣡
ץӸεصȵ뿪ӣȥɽºｫ˳ֻĺȱҧˣһƬԴúõģֱֿ˻±ƿСɽϸǷڵص˽̧˼ҡ
Ī̫̫ͷֵùǺϽˮʰˣȥǮõ۾Լԣ
Ī̾кüֻСӣϧˣ
Ī̫̫һۣϧƨȫҧźأȻŻ
Ī֨ˣĪЦﰡ˼ǼͷСӲܳԣϧˣ
Ī̫̫ǰ۾һɣ
զͲܳˣҧ˵ĵطȥˣɶܳԵģȥûϴǰӰܼҵգôõĶҲӣ
һ£һˣͷСҲ˻ȥ
±㿪ʼëţֳ˸ȥˣµӰԸԡ
һ˺ôһ⣬ȸغݺһ٣룬ųûһжˣǶŻ£ȫûһ⣬ܵҪҪ
Ŷʮ˽ɽѡ˴ϡҩλãɽ·ȥɽһʱҵҪȥĿĵأ;һͷӣûˣ
ҺĴ庺ȫǿ׳ܵÿ죬ʮ֮˴죬һǸһӲǱ˵֮ǰ֮ͷת򣬲ŽŪ
ȫ̻ǮϺĪɣɰŵòᣡ˵оգҲʵ˸еᵽڷɽĿ£
ɱͷֳ֮ǰûԶ뾪ϲкˣҵˣһ쿴Ǻڵڿ٣գǿǣرõҩģҺֵǮ߲λҪֵǮﻹУ
һ￴˿˵ӣԼһңϲϡ
ҲУ
߻У
Ƭطܶ࣬𣿡
Ҳ˷ܲѣƬطдĺʵƬƵıأ
ĪҪżƬҩķΧ֮壬һԼǿȫԣҲܶһЩջ񡣡
ϸ˵˱ˣϿʼƬܼĵش壬ףݿӣ׼ִװûϰ㽫岼׵Ȼ㿪ʼҩġ
밲źһָڣµı㶼ĵҩģ׼ʱس̣ͷıڳ̧شȥ
ΪһȺ̧űӻֻΧۣʵȴȻֻмСܹӣȻ͸ǴˣĪжˣ
Ǯϵ˶һϸʲɿԭǼңһ˶ǳжģʵϡ棡
һﶼǶµˣҩ͵ĪԺ㿪ʼôҩĽгӺľ˵ǻˣҲϹæ˳㽲Īж¡
ⲻ֪һＫˣһӾȻǳеĶɲ뵽ЩҧС̣˳жŽϸ˵ѽ
ȻûһĪĪıˡ
ϣöĳȻһ¶Ҫǰ
Ǯϣǲһӣôֶ¶ҪһȫǾͺòǱǮǰɣ
ҸǣǸϽǮһУû꣡
Ǯϲһվָ̧סһְŶӣһźεСӡ


114 ǱӦ

ǻܲҪôͽµĶö߸ҧģǾ֪ܳԲŸˣ˭͵ȥˣҲǻã
Ҳվ˵ûûУⶾ߻أЩҧ˻ģ߶жɵ˶ܿ˭̰ȥؼˣҳԣҲĪӶۣ
ĪĪıɫ࣬һжкֹʵвʣ̫̫ϴһʣҲüˣһ˹ȴһȺҩĴ˶ţȫһ׳յӿǣӻһڣﲻסˣƱҲûתͷܣ
Ǯϣ
룺
ӹЦǱӦ
ĪȾһϷʺĺھһ¶ۣɻ
ûʱòȻУĪظǺڵĳӶˣ
ԼжܸҲͰˣжȥУϾȻҩͷͬжǰȥ˸˳˵ǳ˶±㽫Ī϶ҵĪɺĪҵĪɶס͵š
òץˣĪҪɵˣĪ̫̫޵Ҳûã۳òĪĪҲŤ˳ȥ˵Ƕ⺦˵ı
һĿò˴ߣĪĪĸ޺ﰡȶӰӲ
ȶӰﰡﰡⰡɲܲǰ
òŭˣ󵨵ĪжϽߣ
Ī̫̫ϱ޲Ŵض㣬Ī̫̫ϱֳ֣һģһֱȥˣ
ǮֵôҲе㵣ģСʰ룺ⲻ˰ɣǼûΰ
ҡͷ˵ӦòˣҲ˵׼ﲻõģ¶ǼûΡ
ǮֵǱִˣٲҪӣЩƤǻֵð
밲ο§򣺡ҲֻǷһѣ׬ǱˣôǮ˼ҵģЩ֮һҲĪռ
Ǯ̾˿һӣǷôľȥðƴû׬ƽ׽ôһӻܵûţ
ҲΣֻôսοǽǺжֵǮ𣿱߲λҪһأ
ǮϾϲؿ棿Ƕɱ߲κڰһӾһѣ
ͷûǺڣѰҪѰһҲѰǶֻкڷɽû˸ҽӣƬʺϺĶػУ𴦶ġ
ĪȾǣ֣ǵؿؿ˰ɣۼⱾ£ܱȣûһɽĪ˵׬ǮֻܵȥǱˣûûǼ۸͵ְɣһĶϱ
Ǯϵ˶һۣϱ
볶ĳһѣߣǰ¨ӵ߲ٲɽȥԾҪˣ
ĪɸϽӿŲǿɲɣӺòڻģ죬Ͻȥϡ
Ǯؿܵ÷ɿˣ뱻űܻͷк
ߣȻȥҩȥԣ鷳չ
Ǯϰڰ֣ˡŵģ˿ӵˣ
ϸǼϱһܺͰϱȵģһֳһ첻Ҳ֪ԸŬӣ沼카ĶӼЩô
ǸɩɶɵģϱżǮƣϱأ
˵ϴǰͦˣҶ۸òӣҲŰòᣡԼǺ޲ܰˣ
Ѿתԣʶ˴󣬶һܻ׬ǮּңԶӺҲˣʰ˼ܲȥԶľʰɣǲȡͷۣ
ǮھôԴϱźõ⣬Ǳ߰ĪɿûЩؼұҩ¨ӱɽˣһѵҩݸСɣĪĪɽǰϡ
Ǯûߵſǣܵ϶ģֻ˸ͷ˸кˣСƵģǮҡͷߣյſھͼĪǼԶԶˣϽӿŲԺӰ˨ϣ˶ݣĪЩˡ
Ī϶ϱţɩ㿪ţˣɵþȾһӰ
ĪϱҲſޣɩǰǲԣҲǲԣҲǱǮƵѽ㷢ȱͰһǰɣ˽Ų֪ҪԶٿͷ
Īϱɤ⣺˵ˣǮԸӦТǵģµһж²һιȥˣŮģôӲǻǳӣ˽


115 

ǮƾͷôҲֱĪϴȥˣݡ
жЩӣ
ǮֱӱǮϻӹȥ򿪸
Īϴֵһ£̾˿ǮϻƵȥȸǰɣǮҲҪЩ£һӱҲûˡ
ǮҲ֪ǱϾǮ׬ġ
ʮۼһӲʣˡ
Īϴ֣ȫΣＸһˣңôһӵùڣǶųԿȫҲð
Ұ뱲ӣܵίʵ̫ˣΪ˵رЩǮ֮ףȴհһӣټҹӣպӺˣҪúֲЩǷüعϺӡ
Ǯϼ޸Īϴʮüˣͷ˵ɿĻﻹܵˣۿʪصһۣǮϻӱվ
ˣĪҪ˵ˣͰǮȥʮˣҲĪۼǰ£
ĪϴԼˣֻԼЩҲһɽȥ׬ǮٲԼźһӵţ
ǮϿԺţֱӽ˳ÿڸûϵȻǮһ£̶Ӧȫȥץӣ
Ǯϻְֱ˻ȥȥүдվݣĪ׾ߣǶŲ
˵ӵȳүӼȥϱϽȥ
үӼ˿үдʮվݣӣҲ˲ϱģܻؼȥˡ
ǮϴӳүӵлŻؼң˶ûע⣬ſԺŵĹ˳ȥ
Ī߲춼ˣĳǡ
ӣ߲ݵҲЩ۵Ĳݶѣ
һ߾ŻѵĹιһʮػǲأǾͿ᲻
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116 ͷ

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117 

Ҷίʮֿһ߳زᣬһſڣײͬһİҰҵʱҲ̫Сˣһ˷ˣ
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118 Ҷ

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119 ׼ȥϻ

˵ͷİɶɩ㿴ӣֻҪѧ̵ܽһֻ̣ʶҩǶʶҺ๫УŮ컹ҪɩأϾұȥ㣡
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120 

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˵мƻɵֱ浽ôһͷɽ֮ʱԾ̲סȶתŵҪ
ŬʾҲҪţǲǰһֻϻؼⶫܿȺԣµֻǸעĻӣкüֻ
֮ǰ˵ģһעܣжʰ
˵űȡһ¹ϵֻϻ˹ȥϧΪ̫ԶǿϻǰʮԶĲݵϡ
룺
ϻжܾȣڷ볯ʲôΣյ壬ȴûʲô˵ģֽվã﷢һĵͺ
ʵˣ޴ɽ﷢һǻ죬˶׶೤Ĵһеη壡
ðһֱۼر𷢴Ĵ庺ҲóಣһƲ˳ȥǿ⾹Ȼֱɳȥʮףϻǰ֮
ͷϻһ͵һԾӷͣһ˷Ҷƺڸɳɳ죬һȺŵòһë
ûֱӳˣһΰ˸ͣĿɨǿŵ⡣
Ҳ֪˶ã붼Ҫ̲ס˷żˣϻǰСǿ⣬צӰ£ƺоûʲôΣգһڸˡ


121 

ͷһϲʾҶҪͷϻ˲ӣͼǴһҡ˼£֫һˤſڲݵϡ
һӼأ׼ͬһȥ
ʮ˸Űһϻ׽ɷڵصĴһ˵ϣһͷûĴϻձһɱţĴ庺ӻͱһɱţֱ֮࣬ɱˡ
ôһγɹľ飬һʱıֱӽͷϻôһϣȻǰ
ֱߵƬϿҲûϻԸһҩģ飡
ϲˬʪĻϲɳƬϿȶٲһӹᴩ䣬ɳʺ϶ֿôҷһСˣ
ʮԾɷɺùȫڣ±ȫлѰ顣
֮ʱֻһЩ߳ޣûϻֱʱ˾ϲһȺ¹ӱߺˮûʲôΣգɱһͷֻ¹׵¹
ϾһͷϻҪ̧ÿ˶ڵ˶ʮ飬ɱҲòȥ
سʱʮ˽ҩĵһ𣬰ˣֳַʮҺ̧ȥ
ֱߵ·϶ûϻһĺͷ¹ϻ̧˴ӣʵ۵òᣬҲ˵ĹǺ
Ϊ˽ϻ鶼ʣһص˱ȥţҹͷϻҩĶȥˡ
ջʵСİʮӣصһ֣˸˾ͷֱ˵ҪЩɽȡٶЩ飬ҩʵֵ̫Ǯˣ
ҲǴΪˣⶫͬѰҩģȱʵҲƺõıˣԼǮŻԵñԵҩҪҵⶫǲðôķϻ롣
һؼʱЩֺõ¹ⶼϣҶһҩ¹ףѾ˾ƻƺ˴һٷַ֣ҲˣǺöѪ嶼кôǾԸҺȰɡ
Ӵͬ˵öԣֵǮҲЩҩƣͶԸȰɣ
Ҹоһ׬ʮ㣬ȻҲԣΪɽ㶼ŷֵ¹ǻؼˡ
ֱ˶ˣĪСɣϲ㱨ܼҵ˰һˣ»˵Ҫ벻˻ٶӶʮӵƸ
˵һжڰԤ֮ڣǮ˻òᣡ
ſھǶʮýǶƽͷϻ˵ӣǿ˻벻ܼѾͷˣҷǵú˻鲻ɣ
Īɴͷһľȣȫ֪˵ʲôã
һҩһʾĪȾ㣬ĳ⣬ǰοǮϡ
ҲĪҪ˵ЩˣֻҪϲȵܺãЩǮɣҼ˵ˣǮǳ
Ǯɫһɻֹס̾
ΪƬģܼҲʵǹݣ֮ǰ˵üʮһɱԩȻּʮҵϲȵǼȺ治զأ
ĪСɣϽͣɲﰡ룬ɩӼ޽Ż޷պܼҲûϵˣܴͬٶףǼҿɾͰѲܼˣ
밡ɩͶҲû׬ǮǼҲʣ¶ӰСͬһȥժ˻ͬ԰أ˵ǼĶˣɽҲкӹ
ۼҲûϣմЩռ˵ݣǲǹó˼׬Ǯˣ
ǮϱһӲðûϻҲͬСӵ˵ҲŰǻ
Сɣ˵еĸ˵۵Сɣպ˿ƷԱܿǷĿţܼ˰£ʵǸ˼ңС޵ǼҪĵʱǶﵽ˻ãһﵽλѱǲᷴС
˵ˣһ˶СãżҴСЬ۾ֻܱǣűˡ
⻰ඥǮͷһ̧˿
ˣȰɵ½˱ǣɣĲպ˵ɡ
ɿڣĪСɣֱֵܹȥסֱһӵС·Ųһ󼵶ʣ
ڶ˵Ͽ飬Īſڼϣ׼նЩҩĻ
Ҳſ׬ЩǮӵشŴһֱϻ룬˳ͷ߹ɽ·ܿϿ
ͷѾڹһεľ룬ǰ˼ףɺãҲǳ̫ˣû·ϵʱ䣬ȻպøһȺϻڼ峿Ұ
ʮֻҰϿڵĺӱ߳ԲݣֻСһϻǱܣʮ˱Ⱥǰϻټ˿ѾˣȺȺȫǿ˹
ͷƤе飬治ȷôǰϻ᲻ϵӵ⣿


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ĪȴЩɵ
ӴﰡͷϻһӰ
ǮϽصһۣĪ£ȱס˵
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룺Ǹɽǿ϶ܵ׽һȺ
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˶ķԸ£óϻͻȻˡ
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ϻɱɽһĻ̲סüͷ壡ҪǳԱ˲鷳ĸǵ⣿ֻܽϻŪƬطҩҲˣ
һｫҩ⴩ͷϣЩϻ
һ£Ҳ˲϶ˣϽʮȡ¹⴩ϣֻϻȥ
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伸ûܽϻֱɱȴٴγɹؽ֮ɷȥ
Ⱥֻϻҧ˵֮Ѿȫ֮ززܵϻߣ֮סһһɱ˿
ɽȺӴʱûбҰ޹˵⸽ʱǰȫġ
д庺̾ϢֻϻƤôЩҪЩǮˡ
Ĩ˰ͷϵ亹ĪЩɱѾˣһϽģʼɻɣ̫жܲȫǵÿѸźá
ˮͺӱïʢĲݵضʳݶϺЩʳ⶯ϲȺЩʳݶ˵طԶڷɽɱһͷռΪĹܣܺþöдΣգϿȿɲͬʱµΣյ
Ľͣ˶Щĵﻹ˼ĥģϿʼѰҩģ˾ְʱ̾衣
Ȼһʵǲ˳˶ʱһȺҰֳӱ߱˹Ͻ˶ܣֱܵһɽͷ˸Сɽȥ㡣
˻ЩԣΪҪܣզɱЩҰ
οƽأȺкЩŴվѵҪǳߣҲָʲôΣգ
˲˼ͷɲզأҡҶûӦζ
ֳܿ˿ŷԸҾͶɽҰרЩģ
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ӰǿĪҪˣط׬ǮĵطжЩöҲסΣգ
Ҳû뵽⾪һһòҪûˣ׬ǮĻǶ࣬ҪΣҲడûΣտô죿һ˵Ұ˺öò
һ￴أǻҪǵȥسϼʮųˡ
һۿɽϻԣѪʵ㤣붼£оǲΪá
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˰ȫĵطѾ۵߲ˣֻЪЪֱ·Խϻ£ӻȥţýεջϴ
һվĶǣôÿʮߡӣֺǺǻصҲһȫʤٽϻûˣⷬҲͬ˽ϰ뱲ӵģ
Ǯʵ٣ϻú÷ƣȴ;ϣҲֻڷɽˣʮÿνɽÿ˫Ȱ棬̧ϻ
ʵӦðߣԼҲٲҪõţţǱеġ
صɽʴڸҴҾߵľ᲻󳵣
ľ󳵺˵ؼгӲУ⳵ֵϵƳв죬ֱȥ϶һףлܹܱޣҲԼúã
ʵ˵Ļǲһ뵱±лľȥгţʱ˳ȥһҴ󳵡
һ˶ȥڷɽЩɢҩģȴҲЩջ񣬱һϷһ֥ݣһĺժӡ
ٱһͻȻ콵꣬һȺ˶㵽һɽ


123 ҶϷ

˵ͣȵòͷ㳯ͷ̽̽ϾȻڶڵһ֥뾪̾ҲȷĶǲǴ˵е̫ꣿ
͵ҩӿ˵ȷʵ̫꣬ӣС׬һʡ
ô֮ƣ˵һȺÿѰҩĶһɻôҶȥڷɽ׬ǮźܴĶ
ֱϣҵһ߲ܼ֣˲һȦ壬˳һ£Լÿ˻׬϶ʮӣŶúϼա
ϵشֳ֪ˣ
ձ˵ҪӭȢҶϵӣɩͼǰϲȥЩ㣬Ҷȴǹⲻý
үֻýȥºӴҶҵ˹æҶ˵ѾҶ˸͸˶ˣΪ˽ҶϻõǮȫİõõ֣ҶҲֻܹͼޣ
ҶϼֱֵӷԺӣԺſ˷ɩһи˽ȥȻֽǿƿý˷롣
ɩӵһԺӱ㱻ǵĻֽˣֻԺŵǽٵܽǣŴȫ߰ķͭССľͷʵһľ
Ҷϲа˰ɣ
ĪɼǱˣҲŪӰɡ
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ҶЩɤӴУѽѽôЩ߿
ȽݵֳʹŴѽ£𣿴Ĺ
һڸ˴յſڴǰͷֻҶͷ棬˫Űľֱ㶵صǰֵܣϵľسǺῳ
۴УǱǵظ꣬˲¹ͷĶҲնննննǣĪҪҵĽʦ̫Ͼ
·Сӣ̫Ͼɱɱɱɱɱǣ
ϵĽױһҶֳ˹ȥŮȴǵ˫ͭƵ۾˫ֺ裬Ǽֵһٱʻ߶߶вֹ
ԺһȺҵ˲ķ˰ɣ
ҿǷˣܴ̼ȸŷˣ
ɲʮûţǳУӴһТأϻƻƵɶѽ
ʺɣˡ
ҶϹȻһʺӣҲСƵģͷҵߦձ˵òһ
ɩüͷΧԽԽĴ۷׷ס
˶ˣջܽó𣿡
ǰܲƽЩ۵£Ҳܲƽ
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Ҷϻͷϱغֵʦ׽ϷʱʱдʣҶҼֵҲЩ²õĸоˣְͷô˿Ų֡
˵ҶҵǸĵ˽ΪǼӺùȫҶϵ˴屣ٵΣĴζΪ˵õ棬ֺҲҶ
˵˵űֲͬҶˣúһŪò˵Ҷһ󲿷ΣȴҪΪƸٽһΡ
ɩ򼸸沣ǺãķˣֵܻȢ𣿡
ɩҡͷǺӣȢؼҲǸ鷳
ɩᶨؿڣĪЩǸϴãһϽӡ軹Ǽٷ裬ֵԸֱ棬δҲҪǹʡ
ųһ˵ȻҲз˱㶼ûٶʾĸϲӽȥҶϺϴ硣
һӱһɧֳζٿϣ۵ʺ򣬼ϲŶ˶ۣҶķˣȻֵطܰԼʮգǼֱͲ˰
ҶϵļֵҲЩ޲ߣʵǸоҲ̫ˣְס֣
ҲˣҶͷһQôãûܽƷ
ϲʵ£Ƕ˰˼Ұôĺ£Ź
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ϲͷƤ飬ĸҵһײбĹְֻӲͷƤݡ
ҪϴȻͲڳҶҼֵܱ˳ȥҲˣû뼸ϲҪȥˮҶϺúϴһӣʰһ˵ӣŮ˱ڵĹͰֱȥ
ǹɳζʵŻĸϲﻹ̵ȥŻӳԺﾪɢһȺˣĿɿڴؿ۵£
ҶҲ˳ųĹͰ˾ãﻹЦ
ȺСͬʦаôȺϣ


124 Ϊ˻

ҶõһԺ˺һȫͷ˳ȥأԵ㵸ɩҲ˳Ժ⣬ΪͷʹؿԺֳķŮˡ
үҲ˹ϱ㱨˵ҶϷûʰ
ɩҶķˣүҲһΪ˲޸ң⸱ģ
ȴȻΪҶѾˣջǰģҲѿ
үӳβſڣȥйưɣһﶼ⿴ЩĪٳʲô۶ӣҶҼλֵܣǿҲð˿ˣ֮ǰٳˣֶǱǼˣٲҪЩƸǮȫҪȥøǼҸƭ֮
ҶҼֵܴʧɫүӣʹѽϿɵú˵˵ҲǸŪģԼȫΪǰˣײˣŻͻȻʧķ衭
ү֣߰ĪҪͬ˵Щûõģ¶һûտãŪҶҵΣֶǸ಻ɳӵˣǲܽúõϻΣ˵ɶҲûãԸɡ
ҶҼֵˣү˼ΣҲҶϺúõϻΣֻҪԲĽȥǱԲˡ
Ͼ޳ȥĹŮóȥˮõңٷ񲶼ҵ£Ҷұû˹ϵ
úúãүӣǰãܽúϻΣ棬ܿ˰ɣ
үӲÿɷص˵ͷԣԺˣǿŸЩҩýܱϹ֣ô˿Ц
ҶҼֵܵ㲦׹˼ǸЩҩȥʵʵƾڲǣ
Ȼϵõúţ
缸ˣ»صԺУͬһЩûµĴһҶǷ裬ֻٺúʰ
ҶȴҲ˵ãΪ˽ȷʵˣɴڵԺʱʱЦֳ̬ٳҪôظ軶ϲأҪôɷ׽һûû赽µӣ
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ΪѵüͷϴθмˣסҺǺ״
үԸˣҶϰ£ýиӡ
˶ԸǰȥһʺҶϣүֻܳҶҼֵܣ⼸ΣֻùȥҶǿвסйȥ￴
еڸҶϺ˰ûƬ̾Ȼ˻һҲգ⸾˲ǹѸ𣿡
˱Ƿ˻װ裿ԲؿǰզˣѸܷ𣿡
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ƾϷҽľ⸾Ķû⣬ֻһµϲѸҲУʵʵģ
⻰һ˶ڵƬ̱ըˣ۷׷ס
˰ҶϾȻˣ
˭еѽⲻ˽ͨ𡭡
װɵģǲ޹ȥ˷°ɣ
ҶԼû뵽Ȼᱻϲ֮ɿĥǺʱɩŭ
ø֪߳ܵҶϣع֮˾Ȼ˲ظȲ֮ʵ۴ˣ
үҲһٹչ˵ûȲظĸʵǿɽ۴弸ʮ궼ûг֮£ȻҶʧͳļ˷ʵǲܲϼӳΣЧȣ
ǼۣѸ˽֮ͨҪƤƵѽ
Ҽǵǰúɽһôһ˽ͨŮеıٸ׽ȥҰŮı˽
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ҶֵѾ֪ǺˣԻæҪҶϵ죬ȴݺҧȥҧü˴Ȼ˶ûܲסҶӵһȥˡ
ҶָסɩЦǰɣǲ˵˭ٸȥҰǱһ·뿪ӣߣ
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Ҷһķ񣺡Ҿ޳ˣǱǱƵǸѲɻ쳤ӵŪ˲ΪҲΪ˻ѣˣ


125 

үŭڣҶϣͷ汳ĸĹ
ҶЦ
ðүӣҪҪһѣҾͽµȫ˵̯˵дһﶼúÿǷһ
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˿ɫҰ׵ӣѾҪκ֤ʵ㶼ˡ
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Ҷϱ໴У֧ͬͼ£СûʲôػɩµزٳּԶǿ
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ҶϲҺԭΧүӵĴŶԣͷȥɩҶ϶ϣʯͷһһ»£ҶϵĲҽһ͹һƬ̱û˶
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ҶҼλֵܣֻȥٰɣɱģ
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ͷҶһѪسסţֱŵһųȥ
ҶϱӲߵԴһᣬ³Ѫз죬ƴŴ˺ųһ

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ðԭ㣬㺦ҼСүӣɵøһ˵ܵСһܷ
ԣǲҶһ˵û꣡
ɫҰ׵صһڵϣ
ҶֳȥĿ硭ĿԡԶһˣ
ֳţгˣҲŲҪͬһ𣡡
ҶԴһȥ³ûˣԺȥߺңҰҲ
ǽҶϣ֪ǲǻٻ
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126 ܾˣ޸ģ

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127 ޸ģ

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˵Ҵɩտһļ𣿡


128 й£޸ģ

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ҲˣٻеأĺҲеӻɩҵĺȴͬһûû˶۵£ɱޣǶ̫̫ܺܶ꣬ӲУүҲչ˲üӣҲֻԼʵԱǡ
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İɣҼȻӦ˶ɩǱԲʳԣ⼸һὫǵԼģԲ۸ǣ
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СԴֱ㣺ϲأףⷿǼҵ𣿺ô󰡣
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⣺ɽôǼݺ󲻾ɽ𣿡
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129 

룺㲻ϴѣϴ˯ɣһ죬ϽЪţջҪɽء
ĪȾԹؿһһСŽŵͷ
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룺ŶЩˮҿֻôͰΪרŸأĪҪ˵ˣǱͲãϹˣϽ˯
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ŵظİģˮĴȫǹС
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130 

ĳһֵۣ൹С£ֻɽʱҪΣգһ⣬⵽ֵİʮǶģ¼þա
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ĪСɣǣҲյǰɩ˵ûۼҲһɣʮĶǼҾʲôҲˣ
ǮҧҧھŰ롣
ɣǱҿƬҲҪˣٸǼѰƬطЩ˸ʮĶ
ȻӦõģҺʹȥңͬүӸϽ˵һǮҪӣҲýдץ͹ȥˡ
Ǯӹϲ˵ȥɣбɡ
Сʱ֮ĪȾ⣬ûߵſڱҼڴ·ˣһﾹŸ
ָסһСŮ˵ϣȻ˽ͨھͷ˰ȥ
һȺ֣ץסǸСŮҪ
СŮſҲҪȥǷſңҪֳǣء
⼸Ծɳţͷףﻹͣ
˭Ҳûã˭ǸҶ˽ͨﻹɱˣĸ챻ǼҸˣ
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˭ֳһ򣡡
СŮһ߿һȺӻǰϣȻ˴һƷڵء


131 ɵ

ԺͻȻһ⣺Ƿſƣ
һСɨ˳ǼӱͷĴ
ȺɢȴѽҲҪɱˣ
ͬһ׶˶ɱ
ԺִһŭȣǱ죡ĪҪ
һ΢ߵرԺ⣬ָȺֵĺӡ
˭ٸ˵һ䣬ͬƴ
ȺӺЦһĵؼЦ
ĸƴҴһԣҵٷȥã
ĪҪΪڵʱǶĸ۰ռǼıˣԺóԵĸָһЩƾʲôѽ
ŭ粵ôЩȫǮģƲ̽üԶʳŷָǣǾȻ˼ӷֵõˣô
Ӱţ˭Ϲ˵ˣĸƫǣ
ûҲ˵Щڲƭǣأ˶ɱĵض񶾣
ɫǺ죬ߣӾǰСԺȴִһУ
ҪҼǸͬһԵԵĻ֣
Թ޵תͷȥԺ߳ĸˣϱԭһʮĳӣ͵ƼվڲԶɱڵıʱһɣһЦ
ѽǰˣ죬ݣҵȥˣ﷽Ż߶ء
ۿһȺô۸û˵Сʵ쳣ŭ
һˣȻ˴Ӷѹ̫̫Ҫ⼸֣иԼ
ûֱӽݣǰ½ųСֺСϱϵƬƵĿӣһߣԸºȥһ˿ڣŴĳһҵԺš
ɩڱѵ⼸ӣôǰɲˣûУ
һ첽̫̫ȥ
Ӳһѹղѣ̫̫˾ȥһȦɫӰҲήҲ񣬻˯ϡ
˯룬
̫̫ʺǿ۾ɩϽʪ˲˫ۡ
ﰡǰӹˡ
ߵǰ̫̫֡
˼֣Ƥɹ֣űڵϦĸо
ӰˣƼҷź۸ˣðɣ
һۣͬ˵ͬһȥɣɺã
̫̫۽һʪƵس˿ããӣиˣҡҲܷЩˡ
ѹ˫̫̫֣Ұģұ֤ٽ۸˭ҲУֻҪҰڣ˭۸⼸Ӿͬҹȥ
̫̫ݺص˵ͷã㣬ɩûˣӣȻǸõģ
±Ըɩӽйǵ¸ߡ
±ͬĸɣȥʰʰĪһؼҡ
Щ㵵ؿ̫̫
ĸǲߡ
̫̫⣬ϸͬǽĸҪˣĪУĸչǣҪǵĸĻ㽫Īһ㣬ĻҲҪТ𣿡
ҡͷĸ뿪ǣĪСӻһأܵӵףӲߣ
룺
̫̫һ˵ĪСЩǵĳεĺýãҲǻĴǵˣ㼸Ҫ̻壬úѧˣ˵Ļ𣿣
ɫứֲ̧˰תͷ˰һۡ
ǡǽףöȻЦҡ
룺
ҲֻԼСġ꣬ҸͷԼͷСӵ
ڣģҲǵ㶼Ҹˣ๫ǵĸɵ
˭ٸ˵û㱨Ҷͬǽû׵иɵĸٸ۸ǣɵۣƢãֱӳǿ޵
ĪȾվһһӣ
˶ΪҪȰȰĳŮ˵ſڱһ䣺˭Ϊ㣬õΪܽӳ֣
룺ȻҺˣ
ڵϵĺӶ˲ϿˣȻƾðĸɵԶ˵Щֲ
̫̫ǣϽɵĸͷ


132 ӣޣ

ڳɣƺѾԹԵؿͷȥغɵ
ֻʣʮغβű˶ųĪȿ˸ͷ˾ɵȻת룬ͷؽ
ĳŮһػһ䣺ãԣɣûǴͷٸ㼸ȥʰɣţϲĶϣĪҪ۸ǵˣ
̫̫ͷȥɡ
ӳݣ̫̫ٶȸмлͷһ
ʮӣҪСڸ˵ϱ
뽫˻ȥòҺ๫Ȼ˺ǵĸɵǵĻȻҪܣҲǮҳʲôˣ
̫̫ΪѵؿǣӶȻС϶һڣǮҲҪģܽеأ
һۣǶɩǻڣҲǿɶŮɩˣǣὫǵԼĺԼĺӣǮĵŸԼɡ
̫̫Ǹо̫ⲻȥҪǮֿڡ
ϲظоⲻȥһүæأżҲ뿪ϼĶأǻҪ鷳үǰ֤°үǰһ˴æˣ
̫̫뽫ӽ룺Ϊ͸£Щӡ
ӹֱӸ̫̫ͷ±ߡ
ŵùң㽫ЩǮպãŲңͽӽ˴ɣҲˣҿɲΪӲɶŮĻ
⻰ʱ̫̫˼֣ε¡
úúã㣬ӰΨһи˰
˵Żɩֽݣ˵үӻˣ̫̫ǣȥү˵ص¡
үһĪɱ㽫ýݣȡķ֤
Сã֤ⷿҸոû֤ҪǽѺͷȷĶֻǸǿص֤
ĪȾǵл˵Ǯϻ뿪ص¡
үҲ֪Īҵ٣ɽղǸеҲٿЩأǻ鷳ٰŰ֤
үӵͷ
˵ûҽȥϻ˵ԵļҲȥɽϧǮûҼ˺üѽɽֻ·Ƿ̫󣬻·ϻĥʮ˼Ҳ׬òˣǼЩСģɽЩɡ
ĪȾ㹰ָͣү˵ǣҼղž˴һﲻٽɽʵͬ˼һȥˣղ˻ð¡
үӿЦҲã˵׬ϴǮʤƽƽֻҪһһЩҲܳϱ
ǱҪº˵ѡط㿪ɣҴͱ۵˱ְһ֮ǰɶܰæģҲǶץЩǾͰﲻ˴ˡ
Щ׬Ǯ˼ҪضǺ£Щɽ˼ٶ׬Ǯ۴ϾͲóݱˣôЩ꣬Ҳ㲻Դˡ
үӻıʹҲף˴뱲ӵȴƵôְﶨȻܲ
ʵͦүӣԴĺܾģµˣһĻĴˣ㹫˽Ҳࡣ
˵˿ص£˱ǳɩȫŰվԺУүһˣǰһҪǶĪȾĻ鷳ͳſڡ
ֱӽĪȥǰɽǮȥԼȻɽϡ
ĪȾǮǸ鷳λĸ㲻ۣǵŵţĥƤӵȰ˵ҪѱôѿȢ檣Щ߰ͷ
ҺﻹͬһģӲסûдӦ
ΪǮ¶ˣֻϽ͹ȥ£±ˡ
һ·ͣ㼱ϵǮңǮһȫӭ˳ݣǽдѿϽˮ衭
ĪɱһڵЦţСĶϴѿǸߴӵ񣬼ֱһͷƤ飡Ͻӷ£׵ĻҲûǮңûǵÿʲôҪ󣬱ִҴһسˡ
Ǯǽһͷӣ
Ī׬Ǯȴϴһɽ취ѴѿȥųˣĪԽԽϢ˶Ӣ˼ֻ֣Ҫѿ檣ǮҺĪϼףǮҲռĪҵĹ
ĪȾһ·һ·ź䣬뵽Ǯƻ;£֪Ǯ룬ȻҪڰӽǣûЩ˸жǵôˣ
ϧûƹ̰ǵǼʱӼùĪһǮңڷǼҷ֮Ҳռˡ
źӻصɽǮϺСɣȦæɻĴҲΧȦͷԭͷҰС
ϽӰסָָĴݡ
͸סԸһ䣬Ǽºסǽȥ»ȱЩʲôֻͬҽٸϡ
ӾнصлŽȥҵķ˵Ҳͬ⼸·ĿɻǲЩ
ոµľذ̺±Ĵ齣һǼȾ־ϲ
ЩʱǸոûף䣬Żܴ˵ѯʺָ㣬ЩֵܺͽҲʼ۸ǣͻȻ̬ܵСһֵίȴ޴ԡ
û뵽һʶˣȻãʵüЩţ
ǷɿؼȺȥͷĸС̡
ǮϸûĸӣæصĴҲ˼ңĸԣûһ˻ĸֻԱ߿š
ƼˣǮҲûұɶϣϾһСҲܻ


133 

Ȼͻᣬ߹ȥѾֻСˣߣ˾ȵΧ´ݲȵΪС߽ãһֻһֻŵǮϼ˲޻é
СһֻһֱֻʮֻǮϿôǸˣҲϲѣͳжʮֻСˣֻҪúǺôһ밡
ȥĸһĲúòò̡
ǮֺǺǵӦһСɣһȥˡ
ڰߣһ˫۾ϲЩСȻرϲ
뽫ȫʰãűŶӳȦŴǵĵء
ҲкϢҪͬһ˵أҺʹƬϾҪˣǻлɣǱҲҪϼĶأƻкüӶҪأһﻹ׬ϲٵǮأ
⻰ʱһƬڣԭΪ׬ǵǮû¿ˣ벻׬һʣʵٺò
СŰ뱶˻ӭӣҲоɣĳŮźӳ߹Ͻؾվá
뽫һţȥͬɣǶۼҵˣտʼһʶ֣
㡰һһʹ顣
ôţϲ飿
Ϊ̧ץץԴ飺ɡǸܲܲүұ־ʵѵúܡ
־ѣ治Ǹý̵
ɣ飬ѲôСȥ
˵ʹص˸ͷ
ţҿУɡĸҲͬģ㿴һĶأ
뾪ȵؿڴȡһһĶĳƬزԶĵط
̫̫պûȢϱʱûҪְӻأֱӸӴˣ
Ҳö飬Ȼ㶼Ƿ˵ˣ󲻽ȥμӿƿǣֻҪϵġ
һϺòʣǲԸӹɣ˵Զ黹ϲ
ЩţҺǹңҲԶ𣿡
ͷΪβɣǼңֻҪϲԶ飡
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µͷԼоͷСװ׾رɰС
ܵܣ㶼ᱳѽͬһѧ
ͶøˣСӵҲϽյǰ˫һС
ܵܣϲϲӣϲͶҶˣǿһ档
СԴֱ㣺ţϲϲףҿͬһ𣿡
һ֣ǲˣ
ȻԣֻҪȰѹαˣǾ棡
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û˵һӣȥɣĪҪȦͷҧ˱ɣ
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ԸϽЦЦ
ģһˣǣСɣ㣬Ҳͬһ𣿡
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ֻСɣС£һʮһʮģʵ
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ǣСһС̰سȦǱȥͷƼվԭأɻ
զͬһȥ棬ϲС
һ࣬°һ̧ĲмػصĸҪͬһŮ棬ҡҿӺˣҸɵɻȥ
СӱĳŮһ죬ת㳯ŸջصɽϱҪȥȦʵĪȥ
룺벻ƽʰظѽ㣡
ʱӣһý˷Умȳԡ
ҼЩн˼ԣĻµؽǡ
˵ˣÿӴϣžͲ̵֡
Сһһ˵һʾÿӴЦеݸ»顣
԰׻˵ˣҪԱܳ߸ߣúóԷĶǺúӣ
˵űԼϵĴ˼£ҪȺҪ̵Ŷ


134 Թ

ӵζ̿ˮ걾ǸܳԵΪ˱ԼָŴһػſñʣʵ۵òᣬͽˣʵ̲סҧһӡ
һȥɲˣĳ۾ˣʵǰİƤڴ󣬶ûŶٲˣǸ簡ƽܳԵﻹ̵ס
ºҲζ˿ˮֳˣҲСڵسͬǰ˲۷ܿͳһ
С鶼۲Ŀ¶СָŰӵᡣ
˵ˣһأҪȺźóԣԸɡ
룬ҾٳһһǣÿӴһ
ƼˣҲ˼ֳһ
ڶ꣬룬ٳһȻˣٳһǣִһ
ӳʱֳһҲһ
պó֣һ
㣬ĪСɣһ˹سԣûôõθڣɿ˼Ҷô㣬ҲýմɩİӸóԣϾ⣬ƽ⣬ǺóԣԾҲ
Ȱһ͵ȵؿѾյᣬʵЩЦã
СӣȻԵ˶ʮӣУȫܳ
˹˺üգӦõظĳпʼ˶ġ
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ĪȾǣŰ֣Сӻᱻ˸ˡ
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ɣţ̫ϣȥԼֻܳ⣡
ҲУˣȻɲû
ףӣٺ٣۲Ҫ
ۣëզŪģͺ˷̣Ҳ̫ѿ˰ɣ
ѽ๫ͷСë¿ɣǣţţϱң
ĪȾ㣺
ӣҲӦΪǣ¿ɣ
벻мһۣʣǱãƣţѣզ۳һҪѵģˣ⺹
ĳŮ˵ͳͷϺĨȥ
ĳиж
Ϊɶ˵£ʱǲܲ²ۣ
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ǣԹһ߷Ⱥͷһ߳ŻǰСŮ󣺡ӣȥͬһ˯ɣݵôϴһ˯ʵ˷ѡ
һð
ĪȾ㾪ϲӣӵ棿
ߵһͷţǰţһٿﻹ˷ܵؽ˵
๫ͷţãڣ갡ϰ壬ţզ
ĳУ
ԭ˵ͷţðءΪ
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Ǵ˵űĨĨ۾Ȼͷţ
ţĲӣͷţڵ۾Ҳ⣬ҲԵģҲûнǮֱȡʮͷţ
˫ͨгļ˽飬㽫ţǣˡ
ʵͷСĸţСţֻϧгҲûУֻգͬĳһ·ǣţȥϵƳУ˰ͷţһҴ󳵡
ţӲŻһӣһꤻ˶ֱĶ
һ룬ǼţɶˣɽʡܶǺֵõġ
ͳе˶պȡ˱ǣţȥ˼УһѵĲӣţţȥ̶˶ʮΣҲһţˣŻس̡
ӣʵҲͦӳȫõˣصĸȫڱӭӣĴţ˵úﻹţһǿĵֱ
뽫ӽеº˵ҪѣϽСڡ
õĸѴЩˣء
һۣЩҿˣ̫ЩɵǼٹϰܾʹˣʱҲæǶʵģٹһ¾͸²ʳôЩҪһֱæĻʱ䣿
ɩǰӶѣպӳ˴ˣ˶ܴ󣬰ݴĸģüȥЩǷѡ
²˼գգ۾̹ѣҲ԰òá
һ֣ѽҲˣСأƻ᲻᣿
ͷãﳣ˵Ұģҽúã
һۣûԣʵͦõģǻ뷨ѧûأ˸˵ˣҪѧԽ뷨
̸ɩѾûǰѹˣͷ΢΢һɣЦų˵ͷ
ðһŮɣϿĪٱ־ˣﷸЩʵȥ
ڽ־СӡŶһתͷ
ף绹û˵ҪģҪддֺҲдãֻý౳
뿴һĳǺϽ˸ЦԭǹԣɣȥĪ˯ȥ֣
Ͻűߺüͷȥףȥﱳɺã
ãã
ºƶЦĪȾͷ˨ţָţݻӵϾȻСģǮʱһ
ӡҲСͷռˣĴã
뵭һۣ˱ȥ飬ĪЩҲˣ
ĳкգδ
һɣǻЩȥ
ĳĿޣ˵˵ĺӣʱܽΪױ߸ߡ
δգٸĳˣһӵͣڴ·ڣȫԾȥｻǮʲôҲϣǱ㽻ˡ
ĪһĪңͬǮһȥӣԺʱͦ徲˸ҪԺͼĪִ̫̫Ǽϱˡ


135 ѿ޸ģ

Ǯüͷ𣬰ĪȾҲͬеؿǼˡ
ĪԴ˶ºһֱ㰲˵Ī̫̫Ǹˣȴͷұ˸
ԭⶾûɶ£жҲȫֻǸкɹؼ¶òʱ
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Ī̫̫ûǰ㿪ʼޣϴҵѽɵþȾһ˰
Ǯһ˭أ˭ǼҵģһѾȥˣϾҲЧˣǼǰڣ治Ҫ
Īϱͨһ򵽼ǰɩĪ˵Щ˸ĻǶĪҵˣ˹ͷŽһǹú𣬿ǼȴҪˣǲܲܰ
ĪϱһҲǲԸع
ǰɩⶼĪҵĶ˵ôϾ鰡ǾһֽܶϿһѪȥҴ磬ÿֵֶȥ𣿡
Ƿⷬǰһֱӵǰ
߿û˵ԻٸһӽʲôףǱ㽫һĲûͱ
ĪȾƣ˵úãΪԣ
˱ü
ССһȥû˵ķݣ
Ī̫̫Ҳһȴޡ
һ˵ҵĻǮϣǣȻﲻţ
ܺݵǸĳֵֶܺӶȥ
ĪһӦǣһֻɺɴͷͶ£
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ϴ󰡣ϴ󰡣˵仰ֵֶܿܺȥ
Ī̫̫һٿ޺ھӿ֣̫̫һ˶࣬ʱ˾Ҳﺿ
ǮϱͷΣҲ޲ǼţĪȥүӹϣԺ㴫
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ھǶʼָĪ̫̫ϱ
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Ī̫̫ɫ䣬ָסһŨ̵¹ȥ
ޣСһûûС֪衭
㿪ǿ̵Ŀ˹ȥ
һԣĪ̫̫ҾһϣĪҪΪϲҲһӵĸһң֪ڸģҲԹܱӦ
Ī̫̫˵Ϲչͳȥ
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ɲдѿԼҶ檣۸ԼǮҽ
ǮȻҲԸŮĪСǮһټ˵Żϣ
ǮģвӦĵϣԼŮױһֻҲ˴ѿ¡
ֹһ꣬ѿˣǰɽкҲ֪ϣǮףǮʮĲǮҸ߸˰ˡ
ǮҲһĲΪ³˽ᣬ봺ѿż޵²Ǹ๫ͱţˣѿ¼޾عѣ˷ӲݻǮҡ
Ǯٻұֱɩһٶ䣬˵ȫ˴ѿǴѿúõļ޸ĪɣĻֵù£


136 ҪĪˣ޸ģ

ǮҲΣֺֻĪϴ˶Ӹѿû֮ĺ
ûһи˴ѿҲŵԣǮʮӰȢȥҡ
ǮɩؿˣιŮɶʱŮ֦ɢҶһ
ĳɽʱȻɽǣ͵óشȥûͦסҲˡ
غˣѿ޲ûܰʵ˷Ķżְɨسˣֱżѿ׻ˣû˸Ȣ
ԴǮϺòƣԼȢظԵóĴС㣬ӿӵҪԭӦϱĴѿܶˣ
ǺٻǮûٱŴѿʹޣֶһŪ˵ıҾ
ǮɩҲ޿κˣֻܰѹŮڼһ꣬û뵽ĪҾȻͻȻˣܴĺû᣿
ǮɩǮ±ЦǮϵ˵Ǯ͵ǸѿĲˣͷգŮ̧Ī檣
ǮɩȻ꣬ʵǾòᣬ±㼱ҡ֣
ɲɣѿõĹŮý檣ɩʹã
ɣǻȥѿޣо͸иŮʱ򻨶Щ
ҲǣͻȻ뵽ôӣһʱǿ
ǮɩǮɩ۶ģһۣ²ûֻ̬˵ȻȥͬѿĪҳ˶ٺõģŸǣ
ǮϰĨ˰ѺֻǴдѿ檵ͷҸˣȻɾ鷳ˣ
һĪɸţһӿɽţ˩һϽԲݣ˸ͷȥ񣬲ߵӱϱ㾪ȵغһ

˵ľߣ̧ȥƺ˸ˣ¶һѣʮֻӡ
๫ô£
ĪȾָָӣи
뵱ߣߣȥԴĪҪմ鷳
ĪȾȴûطӣһ۰ɣһоأ
ȥЩɱǸˣƽմһ˾
ǣĳбСǰ̽̽˱Ϣ
ϻûԳȻ͵ſ۾һ׽סŵһҰʱѻȸɣ
뱻һŶӱ㱼˹ȥ
๫˺£
ĪȾ㱻˾һ*˵ϣδشϢ΢˵һҡ
ص˵ͷŶȡ㡭
Ѿ˹ϵ׽ס˵ӣ̧űһǣԴ˹ȥ
ȻԴһᣬȥˡ
ĳа쿴СӣӣԼǻˣֻΪ
룺
Σ˿εģֻĹĽĳл鿴˵
ⲻãһʵһ
۵Ŀ죿أһĸװ磬Ļ
˲еˣҧˣҲˡúһүôأɽ·ߵΣԲǸ
๫ۿ߰ɣ
ĪŶעСӸ˼ӣһ㵣
û𣿡
ҡͷооȣɾ˶Ȼ鷳
ĳУǡΪ򷽲ŴӦˣǺã
ʱӦģ
ĪȾһҽҾûͻһ
볯췭ҲǴӦģҸ㣬һôĵˣȻǸ·ġѽԣˣǡ๫ɿģ
ĳвԣ뻹ǵͷֱңǿΪò
⣡㵹ù
ʵջΪ͵˴˿˭˵ʮʮȷʵǳú񵱳ʮӣ谮ĶԽ
һˣδסĳеĳ࣬ǲǲˣ
Ǳ֮𣬿պ˻Ҫμӿƿİ뿼̫ãͬײ桭
ͷһ룬ĳŮǾˣǱľˣôӦôа
ȣˣɵ̧ϳȥȥЩҩϻؼң
ĪȾͬˣϱжһ˼𣬲֪ܲذ
Խ߲ĪȾ㰫һʵļ⣬Զ׳ʵˡ
ֻʮ壬ͷе㣬קؽŪţ
ҴЩѰֹѪҩϱ˻ؼˡ
˼ܵڵذֱ˱ȥȻתͷĳС
๫ȥҩץЩõҩ˵ģץһЩ
ĪȾִҴҳţȥժЩ߲ݵҶӣصҽ˱ҧ˵һֱѼ˴ʮֵڣѪžٷϵ߲ݣȻŰ
Сȹǹָۣ˼а̶ãϵһֹѪݺ¡
ȫ̼ӶһԣŵǣŵҲһֱûֱæһ̧ͷȴöһ˫۾
ңƣɫȴ
ҡͷ๫Ҫ㣬Ҳǰ㴦һҪˣҼ๫ִ㣬Ҳֻŵˣ˰׻ߵĶҼ֮ǰͷ߸ҧģٶĴĸҧأ
ⷬĻٰоζӢü΢΢һ塣
๫Ǻˣ˻ҵͷҵͷƺӸһţ
룺ȫҶ
ϰ㲻ɫŶ˵ǸҼҵţǹġ
ţ˴һĽšȷʵӻоʹ
ǺǣǿҼ๫ǰ;аһѽԣһɵ㣡
ȣˣȫҶɱͷɲΪԼһʱ嶯๫ͱӡ
֮ԻʶΪǰҹĽ檡
ΪĻƨͬߵüԣżо磬Ҳᵽ˵ƹˣûԶԶǳôһƯĻģ
Ȼˣĳ壬ȻλҪÿ֣
ɣ๫ҩȥˣ㡣
̧žҪߣȴڵϵһѳסȹǡ
Ǻδ׷ɱңɻȫ
ϽϸѯʣʲôҪ׷ɱ㰡զûֱɱ㣬ӵȥˣ
¿ɵûմ˵Ĺ⣬ٽɱ֮
ȴºЩˮȣڸɡ
룺
ºȥݸˣ˳Сһۣȥӹȴûȣֳһѣûȡ


137 ʧ

˾һֻ֣˲ûȷʵúˮ
ֻðæ˷
Ժһͷ麹ȴµؽˣŷ²ɻȥ
ʣ¿˵˰ɣɲܽǲ岻ҲûЩһ׷ɱô죿
ǣ´ǣֻҪϹԶǶҲģĪҪҸպϡ
˿ǵǣʮԶأȵͦӵģϧã߸ҧˡ
ɫһڣԼҲԼʵǵùƣڱʱ˴ط´ֱ߸©ʲôǣ
֪ѯʣ֪Ӧγƺ
˳һ£˿ļӣȻſڡ
蹫ӣǰԽɣ裬Խ
ͷãǾ蹫ЪŰɣ߶δ壬ٶ๫㡣
ѾܹȷˣԽ
Խżӳӣһ̯иǿŵʹĥ죬ģĻΪĶغǡ
ĪȾܿ˻ţŸϽԺӱ³ҩ롣
ӣΪҩˣ˿ɻã
˫ӭ˳
İɣû£ۻ˰ɣȳԿڷȥˡ
ĪȾ˵û£ҲˣȵظŰ
ͬһ˵ƣȴû˵ԽݣϾµҲûеʶλʵߵĵӡ
ȴûĳУ˶ˣһҪ˼ǰúӣʧ棡
ĪȾƶǶؿӿΪҪŲʧ棿
룺óģȫǰ¶һ֣óıĪҪ¶ӣˡ
ĪȾ˼һ£ЩΪѵؿڣӣΪƺȫûʲôóĶ
룺
ͬһ飬õĵЩܻɣ
ĳвԸص˵ͷΪˣΪҲһ̣̽ǺðɣΪΪ
ַ̧˼ҿǻĶӣ˼һ᲻ʶҪ̣
˰ˣ֮Ѿ󣬰զզذɣ
ˣ㻹ĪҪˣٴǣȥҩ°ȥ
˵ԼˣĳжʱһϲԼģͷӦǣ
̾˿е㻳๫ǲ⣿ȻǶɴˣǼûԲˣͰһӵ
뵽ҡͷɲɣϣǼɣһӱֻѶ鵱ӪŽҲãʲôͷأ׬ǮԼһҲԺȡ
ǺͻȻֻҲˣһҲȥʵۣʲô
ûһӾҩӽºƣתŶȥȦ￴Сˡ
ͷСȫɻ칦Ѿֺʮֿɰرϲ
ףɲԸһֻ
ֳشӲﱧֻСöӱŹ񫡣
ͷץ˰ѿιСĴĸԣָͷĸܵغߺŻӦ
ĸСǰһֱϤչˣһѾϰ˺׽
Ϊ˽ͷĸһȺСйãóԺú̺򣬻ץͷĸرϲλˣһȺС
ȴϾͷҰǷʤģ
СһӶܹǸõƵı˰Ÿͻȥ
ֽͷСŻشĸϣֻ̺ȣųȦ
ԼɲȥȦСòҧǡ
¸ϽӦõģģһᶢŵܵá
ǲм˭ϡȥǣûСȤ
⻰ʱ˰룬׽ֻСҲǲֻǲ֪˭ҪС
Ǳȴֳ㷽Żأ˵ϡ治
ȭͷϹ˵Ҵ㣡
뻣һۣҴԣɵ㳭ʮ־
ʱɫһ壬˫ֱͷ
ĪȾ鷿̽ͷҪĸ飿ĪҪˣһд󣬺˷ҵֽ
ϲɵӢ
룺
๫ֽˣȥϸʮֽ
ʧɫʮʮˣɵְֽɣ
ת»ٸҰд󣬶෣һ
ĪȾ㣺ǵúЩǮӣ
ͻȻһɷСӰæЩ
룺蹫˵ҪЩ
˻һ䣺̻
룺


138 㲻ǫ

濴ף̻ǻ𣿡
һۣҶӾȻ֪̻Ǻɣ򣬶ҵöһЩӷŹ񫣡
̻ǻǺͻһƯʱ״ȥ򣬻Ÿ㿴
ĪȾȵˣ鷿ȥ
ͬԽ񣺡λӣɺЩˣ
Խص»ą̃Ǵ˼ˣλӵġ๫
ĪȾԺûҼӾ˹ӣҼʵ
һͷߣҪȵˣָʲô
ԽЦһ̨˵ûȷʵˣ
ĪȾֵҪ̻ã
Խݻڿ쵽ˣ¼ϰ߷̻
ĪȾû룺ԭˣǹ˻زȥңҪԴ磽˼֮飬Ǻã̻Ǳźһš
죬ڻһ֮أõھͷ̻
ֻ˵۳ӣз̻֮˵Ѳɻʼһϰף
˷̻ɣ
ҲãϵˣǼﲻ̺
űԽʣ̨գ֪γƺ
ĪȾǻԲĪȾ㡣
ԽĪ֣֮Ϊպõ֮ȻУ
°ϲҪľⷬϧû¼ȻһҪ¼ôµĳŵ
ȻźΪû¼˾˻һ䡣
ӲؿҼӣƵúܣ¸ڻ£Ҳر
룺˵Ƕϰ߸ҲҪر!
ĳλֵЦһȻ󲻿ؿڣ±㽫̨ӵݶˡ
ĪȾͬţţ»Ҫ飬㲻ˣҩˣҽҸɶӸ
ԽҲǿһ䣺л
ĳгݣȥ͸ȭȭӣ
˸ϽС͵ףĪΪӲĴС֡
룺
˰ˣ֪һָʲôأԼ΢ĺò֮㹻Լһر
ͨ˵һۣ˱һȥЩŵ㲻ˡ
ĳҡͷӵֲŸոպһЩĪҪǶЩƼҪ׬Ǯ
һ֣Щĸ˵Ĳɣǣû£۾ˣ༸Ȩµġ
ĳĲ鲻ԸǱǴֻ֣ҪԲ飬ɶ⣡
ɵǲȥԸȥɣҵţҪҶܸ
С˵ȥϾҪȥӱߡ
СӰ۵*˼£дȥ
һܵø죬ֻûӽܲϲߣ
ĳУСӣô㣡
û취ҩĸɶˣĪֻԼȥԱҩ
˷ҩûһ蹫ӣ֪סη
Խһںҩ΢٣¼ھą̇̄ҩ˲ǮɣҸ㡣
ĪȾͷţ˵ҩͳǮӡ
ʣ̨Ȣѽ
ԽסɬҩԿ÷ӡ
ǲеģ˿˫ԼҳˣֻסҪµĸоڡ
δȢޣֻġ檡̨вˮһյҩʵ
Ī˾ȻûȢޱѾȢġˣƺԼǲ嵽׼檣
ԡŶһתͷȥ衣
蹫ӿŮ
Ȳ˲㱻ִŵĲ黧췽ʽǺš
еģŮ
ǵõ
ټȲ裬ĳоټʣкŮ
һͷߣΪòòִ𣺡Ů
ĪȾ֡Ŷһѽ
Խ
꣬һ꣬һŸճá
ĳʣĿʶѽҶв꣬־ͰټѾˡ˵űЦһġ
Խ˵԰һ¶ӣͷһƣӲȥ־
ȣ̨Ůϴ󣬶СĶʵӱȻгϢ
ĳΪãţ̨˵ҲΪ
Խˣ˻ǰ㲻ǫ鰡
ǲȹֱٷʱȿڣ̨ԣƺҲǸ֮ˣ̨ɲμӹƿйô
ĪȾҡͷ²δμӹƿҲֻǸͯҼ˵ˣҪҺúö飬ȿţٲμȥˡ
Խˣ̨֮⣬ʮþȵˣǶмְأ
û뵽˵ɵ㶵ģͦᴵţƤ


139 ʱ

ĪȾü˼һ¡
ҲмְգؼҼӲã˿ǰҪȥԺѧģҲ뿪ң˱ûЩҾԸЩ飬ᵽˣҲиߡ˳ɵİա
Խ
鷿һȺ϶Ŷ齲⣬ҲûܰЩ龭ᵽٺ
Уʹɣαͬһʶ
ĪʣӶҼŻȻãǶЩɣЩһ֣̽̽
Խ֣ӴҪͬԼ֣̽ð䲻˵ԼǸʼѧɫһɽҰƥķڷ׵úܣ
ĪֱʱȣСȲӣѧ峵Ȳ𣿣
ãǾհɣӲˬʵڲá
ĳ˵˴Ӧˣʱϲ֣Ҫ֪һ˶üֱˣиһоۣǶȤ
ãǹЪţôҪֻܴ
Ҫĳص˵ͷҩʼӱ۾˯ˡ
ʱһŮ˵£˵úʣȻδģһ
˵һֻĺӻһȥȡǺ˺ʦȴй̣ܽɱǺУǺдӹʿŪ˸ññи𹿣ֻҪһǽ䣬Ӿ۵شò
ͷһ߱ӣһ߸ССһ˽ǲ
ûϵĳȴ룬ʵǸöеãֻ轫ÿĹ佫Сһ²
ǸȻѰҲǷȱһ𹿣
˺ͬһȥ˸иׯĵطһֻ̲ס뵽ԼҧС£
Ůӿǵ죬֪£֪Ҫųôģ
˵Ҳ֣ŮӾȻоУѵΪԼ
ò˵Соһ檱ȵãǶһ
һϣλǰĶӣǰ㿡ֻὲµӣûС
ͷʣӣǽ𹿿ۼҲоͺˣһҲҲΪĻ
󾪣ɵôˣĪҪҺ𣿳ĺֽһֽܹģ
ߣ˵ûǵֽԸЩǷʣµɳԺһ㣬ܷɳдôʱܲдǰˣֽϳȥ
⻰һҪҩǮ£һɰãˣ֮ǰЩ̿ʹ򶷣Яĺɰ̻ȫˡ
ֽһμǣɫ磬һ»طֽ⣬ȥˡ
ҼӶû׷
ףٽһ
ǰٽһ£棡
ӵͷٽͬȥ׸óԵģ
˵кóԵģҲˣƴӣµȥˡ
ûʱ¿ĵĺүˣ
Ͻ˲֣зҪջĪȽϨˣ˫˫ӭ⡣
ү
ˣ㽫һĴԺͷ֧˸ܵӣԷԡ
㽫үõߣֵһϣҼҲܵ˸ǰүү
үǿ˿ŮãȻųŰĪɿڡ
Ǳæ֪ͬһѾְ֮ʽˣ˵۴ûܽҵ֣׼ⰲɸ˹
оԽԽжƲ⵽Ǹɶë׼²ȥسǣȥĵطƣ治ˣȥɢҲǺõġ
ͬ£˵öԣǱȥɣ⼸ֻܷģұ֤úչš
үӵͷҷģСڽչ˵ÿɱڼҺöˣǳҲû˸۸ǣûõ϶ǿ
Ǽ岮ûһʡģ֪ҲˣմһԿַּء
ҲˣϱѼҸǷˣȻұߣߵģܻأزӱиˡ
ɣ룬ҲĪǿøɻù̵ֻܽȨԼ׵
ЩǮţҲ࣬ʮֻ⼸ӷּӦõģǲգҲ߲ģ
뱾ȴֻýӽ¡
ǺðɣүҾʱǮպļҵĹǮȢϱãһĶȫԼĲƲ
ү̾˿
Һĸ˴ɵСãֻⱲϲһ˵СɣҴżңû˼˵


140 

㵣벻үһһĴ㡣
ϸһ£⺢ӳ˳Щ֣Ҳװ׾˵飬ҲǰֻɫͦͿʵһӡ
ﶼûˣֻҪĴСɣҲСɣӲҸ
ⱲˣСҪԼֳɵզŪ
๫㿴£
ĪȾҡͷҲզ룬Ҫôлһҵɡ
˵Ҫ˵ĪСɣʱŴ
ҡҡǸСɣƲңҵģ⼸һͽҺ¡ƹйùãҲϽңүѽ˰ɣҡʵý
ðɣǿұ̬үֻÿЦա
Ǳˣʮ壬Ҳ˵ɡɣ룬±ҲиˣҲˣȥøǺʹǼص˼֤Ȼȥּҡ
˵үүĸ˼֮Ҫ뿪ӣʱһᣬ򵽵ϱסүӵȿ
үӰǵͷҲ⣺ĪޣĸĲܺãҶ˻ǵģҪɵĻǱ׵ˣò
ӶµصͷӦУү뿪ֱͻشڲź۾
ҲΣһּңٻҪ˷ˣʼδԼҲֻоӴá
ڶĪСɣͬǮһһӵéݻĪСɣӭ꾹ȻéݵͷܣǮϺŮһĪ
Цòᣬû˵ɣˡ
ǮϿһһСӣЦݡ
밡ۼҵ֤үȥˣ»ĶͶڼҼùǺ²ܸɻأ
ЩҲԽԽܳԣЩҲˣöЩݹǳ԰ͽÿհæЩݻɣ
뿴ºװ˵ߣͻȻе㲻ˣ˵ǸͷģźһҪǰҺô죿
һֱôЩ¶ˣҲˣרһĶصĲ˸Ҳ׬ģǳǰ֣źãӻǮأⶫֲùʡģֻʱЩߣǣҩӲʳ׬١
Ǯϳ˵һĶҰרιֻ뷨ʵǰܼңͷ˵ӿǮŸȤ
ǳǰݵҲǮҰأ
ͷȻǮˣֻҰͷĶɢӲӰ죬ӳҲ٣ǵ֣һĶ˲˵һļߣϰٶһʮǮһٽӣ
ߣһٻȥʮǮһĶ׬ӣ룬һײŶʮģٺãһ궥ǧ˰ٽףǮӣûܸԵĶ
һĶĳǰݲͣĳټЩƤƤĥùܹʮͷˡʮͷɸǮԸ㻮㣿
Ǯéٿ
ÿ㽲Ȼ治ǳǰݵҲֵǮզֺðҲ𣿡
⻰һ֪ǶˣЦЦϽ֧Уǲɣ̫ˣɽϵǳǰݣָպÿûֱֶڻϾͳɣǲرûгܷ
ǮһȲˣڲȥɾҪȢϱˣҲµ׾͵ҪæȻûʱˣ
ûȥְɣüЩõٿسȻ˴ĪҪׯڵȥ
ǮϸϽͷԶԶԣǱۼǰǿȥҲһĶĵأʵׯڳҲãǳǰӦûɣ
Цû⣬ǲ챻ȶܳʯͷҲܳǵطʣõȻܸһЩزҲ£еأ
ǮһԴɲզΣ
ҲֵſģֻҪ˳ˣͲŮȥڲˣã
ºƵҪȥڣ뺰Ǳţڣظɴػ
۲ۣ
ڸûɶģ
أǾסɽϣҺȨ档
ߣǱһȥˣ
ĳŮ
úӾǺúӣҺӣʹޣ
ȥɣ˾ͻ棬Ҫôȥ顣
ƵͷţˣɵͬǼһѧأûսǣҺͽڵˣýۼҵ֣
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141 ¨

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142 

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143 

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144 ǹȱ

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145 عٲֹ

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146 ۸

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ƼĪȾ˺һԿȥ᷿š
ݲʰ϶ǲסģ㽫Ŷ򿪣ǽȼʰһ¾ס᷿հٺúϴݡ
ĪСӷԸȥ᷿ţ߹Ȼû˳ζйɾ˾סùζ
Ӷ򿪣úͨͨ硣
ţԽѾԱ˳һǺ¶ͷһ
Ҫȥæ𣿡
ͷһۣ㻹˰ɣҪæڳϿӣ£æȽм򵥴ɨһ£Ǻǽסһݣǲ£ǾٰǱ᷿Ҳɨһ¡
ƺڶܣ׻Ǻ£С飺ҡЩ¡
ҲţţŵŴ۾ðʲô
Ҳ¡
ڳһ㲻£˫СţýĻʡȤ
ҲȫУһӾͶͬţϵĳһаٺòһһŲȥֱŲԽСϹȥϣҲһȥڻģӡ
ƲŰ꣬ԽʮˣҲСŮкβ֮
Ǳ߰һСʰӣҵ᷿ԼкЩûסˣҶҲǸģƴδɨӣҳһָһɨ㱬һţ
ɣðѿڱɨȻҪǺˣ๫ȥЩˮ
ǣľͰȥˮº£
ҲҪһȥ
ȥԸţߣĲŷ֣ǳĳеѡ
Խڸǽɽеĸֹ˼أĳŮһҳ;Ųƨɣֱ˼Ұۺڳȥһض¡

Ҳ߻̫ˣҪһ¿ڱǡ
ִӳһ߽һӲȥЩ
гһƥһӲקȥҧ˺ûĳбˡ
Խ£ֲûڸ
СŮ˽һֽһһΧԺ˸ᣬֱӽȥˣ
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˻񣺡𰡣СββĽŹޣͨ³лɫëƱ仯Ůƹƻġ
Ī˵ŮӱŮ
ش˼磬ӣ֩붴


147 Ϊ

ɨݶǽڣȥˮҲˣýˮʼɨĻҳ
ɨȥʮңȻֳ˼߲մˮ飬Ĩ»ˣŽţϵĶж᷿ݣֵϵϯøˣŽһϡ
ʵʰôһ᷿Ҫ˸㼸Ӳ£Ҳٶˡ
ԸסɣǼŮĺ˯ϣǼеݵϴ̰ɣҺðۼҵϯҲˡ
ǺһȺ˱㶼ֲ᷿ݲϴһ±Ъˣټʰ
м䣬˷ܵðû˯ţºҲǣͻȻֻ˵طһ뵽׾Ժģǲޡ
Խӵһȥƣ˯
Ī°Ҹǽ˹֮󶼻ϵǣñǵףڱϵһǣпǣػǣʲôҲ£Ϊ׾ߣԶǣ
ӣﹰ˹ŵϵζͻȻֻصĸ׻ĸо̲ס
ٸǽμǺòã
ҲȤĨῪڣǰ£ǸȤ
ϽסĳŮļ򣺡סףҲҪ
ֻøǽҲһŶֱµ˰Լ˯Ϊֹ
ԽǴΪ̾ʵ
ƾôҲ뵽ΪѰˣûѰѰ˻㱻̿ɱˣû̿ɱֲ㱻ҧȻôһȤ⡣
Լһ˼һ˵˯̣һŮӽȡĹýζղܣ
ڶǼգʰҵݣſڱǽȥȽдӴ򿪣ȻȥˮһͰͰȫֱϴӡ
ǽ˯һϴ飬ɨһԺˮ۵Ҫˡ
ĪȾԼӾȻһڳԿֱۣ۵봷Լ
ӣȽΪ۵ĻӦΪǣ
һۣţɣȻٰ۳ôҲȥ׬Ǯΰ
Źð˸ͷԺڳԺڹϽȥ˰æ뷨
ܳ˯۱ȥľͰͱⵣ
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С˵㵣űⵣܳԺȥһЩԺſҲû˹ȥ
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룬æһʰͲˣһ컹ʰ޲ôԺӣ
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ЦǲǶԵģֱС˭մ϶ᵹùҵҲˣҴ󲮺ҵҳǿɲУûɶ̣Ǳôô󣡡
˺Ǹм⣬Ҳٶ˵Щֻóɻˮĵˮɨɨȫϴ˸͸Ժӵĵ涼ϴ飬һɳʯ
¸ɾˣŴ˻ô˵
ĪȾͰһɽȥλŴ˻ش壬ʵֱòᣡ
λҪˣȻȦеֻոնʮСɱˣһȺҶʹ屣ǽͷûʱյĴĸҲˣҪɱ˳⣡
ǮϺסһֱᣬĸǸɱˣʮͷû̵СöǶʧ
ȥͷĸǰ̫ˣ๫˵ΪŴˣΪյĸĸ٣ΪȻˣͲò
Ǹ޳֮ͽش𣬱תĳС
๫ڱȥسǣһȺһȥúǵ˭˭䣬ֻܵȥҴ󲮺úøһ״
ԭһ֮ɫֱ˵ֻȥ󲮸״ɫһ
ţһͷɱ㲻ɱ£ǼңٿɲˣʮĶѰû
ô˵͵أǴ
ĪȾֱ׳ػһ䣺ôпص飬ֻǮѡ
һֱƲϯٺһЦ
˭˵ĵŽѣôûֺ£Ǻ˵
±ٱǣǮϱýٿרŶģǲɣǱ˽أ͵ٸĪ˵̫ү˭Ҳ˵
üˣ˼ЧˣϹ𿪳飬ͷдĹٸӡأ
ĹٰЩǷޣǲ鷳ϯĪҪΪ˭ͬһ֪


148 رҪ

˵ɫϽֿ˿ϯ
ϯЦһСҲĪҪ˵˺ãҲԸ㣬鼴ǹõģֻҪȥһ˵ǼҸûǮѣȫǿڲƭֶҪӣռصıˣΪ黹ܺʹ𣿡
ؿһۣС֮٣Ǻ˼
ϯΪ޳ܵػ˻ͷСӿ佱ԸֲʶȤҲֻЩرֶˣ
ô뱾ٲЩ鷳Ǳʵ㣡ͷѣֵӰҪ벻ִͬٽа壿ôô
ǿˣԼֵһ죬зֱܴ˰Ȩѹգ۵ررҪ
ĪȾҧͬú֮ĵˣ治֪Ҫ۲źãԷҲۣ
ʵǸо˹֥СҲѹգֻԼûȥμӿƿûʰǰˣ˶ס
ôǱȥңǰų壬ϱȥϽ֤ϣҽЩȫ׿˭Կ
۾ˣҵԺѾʰ޸ɾˣƼݰɣ
üͷһ壺ʲôǹط˵ʰ޺ñʰ޺ˣǽ˵ҲȥǲСĳײ˱٣ǳײ˱ٵļˣǸ𣿡
ĪȾʣ˵ҪΣ
Ӵƣƣأģ˱ĪҪңٲҪסѡ
ʣǲ֪Ҫסʱ
ڶ䣬ָĶʺһ졣
ǾҪٵĸۡʱܽˣСԸǮۡսЩʱգٱЩʱգԣһʵȡԼǱ١
ֵ֪Ҫôĸۡ
ǺһЦתָָɽϵļݣҪٴ԰Щ£ԵıҲ󣬱ϾƧûУ
һѪ
ĪȾ˫ͨ죬ֱӺ޲ϸ٣޳ܻȥѹգŰ裬һʺ
ֻϧ¾һȥ˶ԼȻֲȥ
һǺã˱ڴ˼¸ۡɣҼͷ˼治ܸԣǸҳԣҲºƣ˸ò˿ɽһǮôûֵȥԹ˾ɣһ˶Ǯıأ
һ仰Ҵһ
ݵɻվͷĸԱ׼ﹷʳ屣һۣȻǰһУֱӸ˰
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ŭⲪشȣ˵˭ǹ
϶ֱӳһָ˭о˵˭
ۿ
ϯĪүûֵãϿڣ󵨰ϡ
϶תΣҪƾֻĪҪΪҵǣ
屣ȥСѣˣϿϻɱţʵأ
ֿһĳŮϺУһ뷽˵˭Ӧ˭ǹǿĿŭ
ǸϯӲֻΪͷ
ţǵƣ
Ҳһ仰ΣǲصһҲǣΪ˱סЩƣи̣׼˻᲻׷ʱҿ˭ܻ
ݻӵʵǶ֢ҩĪּ̫̫˵Ļð׼Ҳûܰ룬ֶĪЩҲȣŹ̽ǣֲõͬھˣܸɣ
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ĪҵˣеСװ¨ϣֱӸߣֱϻشӣϽ֮ǰҽȦ
ĪһȦһѻ
˶಻ҪĶˣƽ޹ˣ
һĸϲͶ񣿳ԵƥΪǼЩ˵Ķ𣿡
ĪȾ㽫ȫؽȦź۾ǰż򣬴ͷɥ
ӣΪܣʰЩˣֻ۸
ǣ벻뱨ǣ
Ǯһȫα
һЦȥЩ߲ͳͳɣԸ
ĪȾ˫һִűߣߣӣȥΣ
Ǻһֶű¨ɽҲû濴ǻȥˣһ߼Ȧﱳéݣһ˳ֽǰݺֵ߲ȫν˱¨ֱԺܵȫ㡣
ͬС檾Ժе¿ţֲԵֻǻŪ˵ġ
һ˻صУе߲ݶúõ԰
ȻĪţŰȥϸϼ
û̻£ֻҪû׼ʰǸλ±ܰʰˣ


149 ȡ

Ȼţû߳Զ㱻׷Դ˸ǣָܻĪɡ
ϻشȥٸسȥһұȥ֤ϣȻ˽ԿһӶ´
һҪĽࣿ
ʮˣĳп϶Ǵ򲻹ģҲûҪǶ֣ٱϾռˡ
˻ǷরǷ޲Ҫȥϸϼѣŵĵ׷Ȼ֪ǰ׼ҲǣʵʵͬǾˮˮ˵ֺα벻Ҫͬҹȥأ
˵ӣ޳ܵؿڣС⻰ɾ˵ˣǱͬȥͬٹȥǹԹԴǽɽƣͬǺΪǣ
һ˵ˣĪҪʶ࣬ǶЩҲźð£Բԣ
Сӣʵٺϡ㣬㲻Ƣһ˶ҪԹſɰ
Īɣ˵һƨǵͱٽʲô壿ĪҪΪ㿿Ů˹ʣûаСӣһۅһˣ
ĪȾ˫ֽסţıӣҧѪôûһ޹һˣ޲ܰƤĽ
̧һֻ֣Ȼ
๫蹷ҧ˱ϹлˣûҪͬһʶذɣȥϸѣʲô˵ġ
ĪȾ˿ţͷظȥ
һаǲǣȻһ·ţѺͻش壬ְ˴屣ڴڣ¡
ԽԶ˻֮Ϊ죺̻ˣ
ûصһۣҪôԼȥǸĶȥøǳ壬߳ûԶ㽫Ҷˡ
ԽҲʵ޳ܼСʵǿɶ
ת˴̼ʹˣ๫ȥңҴֵǰæȥϣЩܷŵָƯ̻
ĪȾû˵ͷãΪȥ
뽫ͳԺţҪȥ׼緹Խ᷿Ǳߺһ

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ԽĿ⸴ӵؿҪ̻ãԲſ๫ȥĶ𣿡
ͷǴϵ˰ɣҼ๫Ҳδþû뵽
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ۿǰˣ˻⣿ȫһؾӣ
ԽסʵûҪôһӻؾ
ֻһˣ㲻ȥ𣿡
ҡͷˣ뽫һȫȥˣҲǲͬģĪҪ˵ֻһ
Խü壺ΪΣ۸һң㻹Ը뿪οֻǸСɽ壬ȵϾǣ
ͣ˵Ķص㣬صһֻڵƽգ˭ҵˣĪҪԽͣҪĲ
Խ
ԽһǱ㲻ҼҵˣҴǻؾǣֻѣһԸ๫ŸõԺȥѧһ鸾ˣԼҪڿƿȡúõĳɼ벻һʦĽ̵ָ㣡Լ֪Ҫ߶·
ͷĳϲ㿪ڣҵȻҪȥԺѧѾƻʲôʱȥֱȥǣҲȥģҪ๫Ҫǲμӿʱȥ
Խһƣ㵱ͬ๫˽ϣ
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һĳ룬ʱλ֣һſδʧ̬غ˹ع
˵ôˣһʣ̽һǷ๫ͬģ
ǺһЦǱòˣ蹫úЪŰɣû׼̻һţܻؾȥˣ񸾻Ҫˡ㡣
᷿һ԰߲ݽˮĸӣȥ
ûʱĳбˣѰ̻ҵ±ĬĬؿʼæջ
뿴׵̧ͷ˫΢΢۾
๫ĪҪ˵ĹͷԼ˶бӦģֻҪúԼ¸±ɡ
ĪȾһѽ§ס
ΪãΪѹӣΪڱ٣ҪЩӶĹ٣Щʶȫʰ
۵ظǸԾļ
ǲܵģܲҲЩ޳֮ͽһǮȥɣ
๫Ŭüģλ蹫˵ҲûЩȨı֮ҲҪһֻЩʥ˼룬ʱ¹뿿Ƥӽûõģף
ĳаצһر͵˾ίʮؿڡ
ӣǾǸ蹫ӱΪã
룺
ȡҲû˭ˣ


150 õȥ

ĪȾֵΪ򷽲ųԺŻӻЩôȻ˵Ҫ
Ȼԭ˳ζڳǸȱĴף
ǺЦȴԾһ๫⻰˵ģǲҵΪˣ˵۽ѲԼܽҪô˲ģ๫ѵԼ
Ƥ˻ȥĳг˳ӡ
Ϊδأ޶δȢѾġ巿С檣˺üӣ㲻רһӶǸɫߣôΪ˼ҾøжҼӣϳ˯ˣΪõȥ
ʱúЦˣΪһӣм⣬οѾʮˣġŮ˲ܶ࣬˵Ըģרһ˾Ǻã
˯õʲôɱӣ
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ĳп̧ͷŹֵؿһۣΪΪҪɱˣ
벻⣺ΪɶҪ˯õȥ
ĪȾһΪȥĥѣʵҲܲ壬ΪֻĥĥΣȨûǱ޳ܣHСˣ룬ǷǣǳʵʵĲҪ֮٣
ĳŮɼѽ
ˣͬǲˣզƵϡ
᷿Խ˺ü磬Ƥǽ谵СĿռ䣬ʰԾùζ⣬һ͸ֻط͸ˣɿϵؾȥɣĪҪûҵĸٴԼǿҪиˣ
ȥͷƣһ׷Ӳˣһ׳⣬һӲ֪ʲôҰˡ
ƵԴ˸£֮оĳʮУ͵ҲδߣߣСԽ극롣
ûֲ赭᲻£ǰòΪ˲ôԣ£鲻ˬθڱҲûˣԵſҲвˣͬ۾ֱС˵
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Ҫô˵һǶĴĪϴһŪȥôôջܵӦһҲû£Ī̫̫ź޵ҧţȱµزϧǰӺĪɺͰ롣
ӿɻ벶㣿ҪÿٸǱӰɣǱߣҲֻ㲻ָ׬ǮԼҳҲǺõġ
ӴǸм밡㣬кǣɽҩ¾Ҽҵõʵ²Ķأɽ¿һС飬Ķл˶ٶӡ
ǮұǴɼҵõģǣѵ£ɲ˰ҪȻɣұ㽫ø㣬ץϣŴҲͲκˡ
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̫ˣͷҾͺʹһ£ȽϵȻǺõģʵڲоЩӦߣģǼǮҲһỹǣԲǵá
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ֻǿЩصʮĶЩǲ˼ЩıǶЩ±ѴһȴӲ


151 ̻

뱻ⷬ˵éٿ
ĪȾǲǮǱѣÿֻǶʮӣټѱҲˣֺαǸ֤˵£
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뽫Сϵըִ࣬һ裬ٳһƬ⣬һҰ˳Ƕٷʢͣ¼У
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˵ʵԽܸӣɽϵңٷǱ߳Եģ˳͸£ȻһȤζ
ôŶоˬ죬俴ĪȾǸ˶ǷģǸоʹ졭
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ĪȾȻܵȾеĳһܵߣһܹˣȫ۽Ŷ㵽ĳŮһһԾӥ׽СϷ
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˶ϷȻ͸֣£Ҳֵúĳˣһ£Ҳûֽͣķ档
Ͷ󣬲ʱСԴЦС
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ҲˣǽͷĻӳѵֺͻĶϢ΢صϣӵϢ˿㣬ֺܺŵζĿͶǸоڵ֮ܰ⣬ҸѣΣ
˷˺һһ-̻ҲȫûˣȺɢȥ
Ȼ˴ΣȴûʲôЩʧ


152 ߣ߰

Ҳ⣬Ҳ̫ԶûпǸû뵽˻ܵôƫƧĵطϾʮüأţҲûǧܿôԶ
Խʧû˽ͦȵУҲû㣬ÿưܷƻ顣
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˯ˣĪҪҶȻҿɲˣ
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ҵﰡôߣ
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ǸϯֻҶϽɽȥУı㲻ˡ
ҶΣֻþŻѳţȥС
ܵù죬ʱϯͦûι˽ⶾҩֱѪζ˰ޣûѣȴû֮ˡ
ڶŸҳȥϯֻҲ̶ã׵ģ߱һʮֵڣƤɫһƬֱǴӹײİʬף
лڵŴһƸγ㲻ˡ
զεģγ˼ҪǮ
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ǿ飺߶Ȼ
һȻΪߵĶ׳岽ҧڻܻѾǺˣĥ䣬ϷѾķһӲ࣬ЩˣһҪϸ˿أ
ʵӻԩֲܲϾпɲǸõһҲҩУһͷϣԼǲģ˭
ֻôпٿȡӣһ䣺Щпа취Ը


153 ս֮

еһʵߺŻһô취ԸǶЩۻ֮ĵҿɲұǲǶȻܷ
˵ֱ˦ˣҶϽȥ͡
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ǺλҶɽȥ֪ͨĪɺͰ룬ҵԺӵѾʰ޸ɾˣǱ㻹ɽϵķӡ
ҶҲסµɽˣһ·СܵܵֱԺš
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ȥ֮Ĩϴһذ壬Ű£ŰĪһɨһ飬ʱоˬĪֻصҵĸо
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æѾˣǮŴСɣͶɡɽһȦӣһȺֶصȦϲοǶ԰вս֮Ϊ̾
Խ߲ݵãһζĳŮĿ࿴治֪ܸ˶پ棿
ͬ˵˱ӲԵ£Ǯϸӿģ㻽˶ȥֽôһֱæɽؼҡ
ʱĪȾͷǰջ𣬰طȥҲȥԼͷСˣ
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˲֪ʱߣֽɻ㱾ôЩҪˣһöۣ
Ц£༸ֻۣܶ蹫Ҳ̫ãȻǸҪؼңֻ˻أȺЩҹûҲǻԼߵġ
ĪȾִḧֻĲʱ뽫һߣ


154 ʦ

ȻʧЦ๫̫˰ɣ˵ò绨˼˰Ҳǰùߵˣ
˵ˣ蹫Ӽôң˵һ㣬ŮûԵģһֱңҲɫǣ
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룺
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๫˵ѽҽöԲԣ
Īͷ˵ԣΪȫġ
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ѩ׵СڱӵĺڰӣԺɵصͷס
ţĪҪҪ˯һ˯
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ףǺã潫ӵȦẦµģױõɡ
˶һۣðͬһĶԲԣ
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ף
üϸȻءԲ˿ޣĪǡͷʮѵӣţȥ˯ɣ
˫ֻĳŮֱ󣺡ףףͬһ𡭡
ȴǾ÷ԣʲôŽǵ


155 

ȥⳳ˷˽೯ꡱ
ĪҪͷô
ĪȾ㲻⣬棬죬һھ۾ţȴûκζ
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ͻȻߵŰ壬Խ˽
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ĪҪˣϽ˯
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ĪȾҲԱȦס˶ЩĪĽţ׷ɱ˻᲻ɽ
˰ҲûŸӰǺŽǰҲһֱûֱŶվˣ˲Żصϣ˯ѵԺȥ
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ԽҲһû˯ԱʰõֱԺ󴰴˳ȥȽҲˣʩչʧݺ
ŽݣȫԼ˵˯ڣڱϣֽ˵ĺۼϸ豭ȫߣ󴰹ϣǰ򿪣ųԽϵϢ
æһиճݱα뺷ӱɽЩ˶ʮѸһ㶼ӣ
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±ӻǡͬ๫һɽҩʱõģúϲǱ㡭ȥɡ
һǺµģϵĵкһ⼸ˡ

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ĪȾͬʱĨ˰Ѷ亹ĵҺûĳ͵ȥ˼Ȧû˱¶ǰնȻ׶༪٣
ûǮϱŶɺɽǶû£˿һؿڵһ˵˴
Щ˰ҹˣҰ껹㣬ֽ˶۵С㳡ϣֱ֮һ뿪˵ûˣɸŴ󵶺͹ҳα뺷ţȴѪζʵˣ
ѾʶɽѵˣҲǸõָܿ£Ǻϰɱ˰塭
ЩˣǳԾУǳսɱ˵ĽʿѲҪɱ˾ȻǾ֮ˣҪı𣿣
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ͷһۺɽһƬ֪ͣԽȥˣ


156 ΪҲŮ

ĪȾҲһۺɽӿȥڿ񣿡
ҡͷȥˣ¿񶼳ˣδ꣬Ī˷Ǹʱ䡣
ĪȾ˼ȥȥɽˣȴԽ˿̲ûźСӶɽϣҲ㡣
ǮȥŪЩԼԺ
ѽٹձɰϲƵˣ⼸ռҪٶ㿴ܲܽţ£
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ǮҲ˵ĶԣЩ˼
￪ʮĶȥصӺɰµĿʣһʮ⻹ʮء
뿴ģЦֱ
޷ǱþʮȥҺʹ׬ǮȥǮҵӣпؽɶĻϻʣһʮ㹻á
ȴȥǽʮٽǻٽ϶ʮĶģֻٶӣ·ܲܿЩ׬
ǮʵǸжŰֿڡ
ȥϹۣû㾹õһϱ㽫ʹɸɢ밡ʽǸȥﲻãﶨҪ㵱׹Ůһš
û뵽ôֱʵԼϴҲһ󼤶ס֡


157 ֻ

˵ģȫϣҺʹɺãϣܹϺӣȥҲԣҲ£źӲ֪ϧʱ򿴲˳ҶӦõģԸʱҲоʵÿԣ
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ֽŵĻݽȥĪһؽӹջؿתֳǱȥ
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๫㿴ȥˮ⼦ҡ
һļһǾϲ
һһĸֻ񼦣˵ëʪЩǱȴͦ񣬳˿ɾͿϧˣǼһûţЩþܷһС
Խжӿֻߵļ϶ȥˮȥˡ
ûʱĪɾ͸˹ȥĲ鲻ԸذԽԡͰպˮȥˣʵòᣬһŭ忪ڣ
ʵ̺ý˼Ҹæ˰첻˵лҪô趹趹Ϊֻԣδ˵С˭ùô趹ˣ
ȻһֳסҪˤӵˣ๫˵ʲôû趹̫ˣ
ͻȻ˷ʮĳУѸĪĵòԣҲɵЦ
ӣΪ趹˺Ӿ㿪ģΪʵпֻǶǽٹ˲õۿɽ˭һǶ
ҡͷ˷ʮǲǣҸΪ㷽ŵĻңͻȻ뵽һ׬Ǯĺ÷ӣ


158 һ

ĳв죺뵽ôӣɻɽһΣգǻǰˡ
Цᣬһ㶼Σգֻҵû뵽趹ỹǸϡһģ֤׬Ǯ
ʵð취
ʱȨ󶼻趹Ķϴ裬ƽ˼ҲЩˮˮϴѸǺԭʼķʽòľҽˮֱˮãͲϴ׬Ǯ
ֹϴҪõԭҲԭʼʱȫҵ
ֳɵʯȣ֬ҲܰƣЩϣҺ֮ȴɡ
˵˱Ǹ䷽ͼ⣬ЩѲΪںѧֹ֣֮Ļ٣
ⶫǾǽֽΣϾϴԡϴѣϴ򵥸ɾ࣬ٴЩЧͺŵζǱˣ
뵽ô׬ǮֲҪðյĲ·ôܲˣ
˵뷨ĪȾҲôԽˣϾ˼ҴСӵС
˵Ƕ趹ã
ͷ϶ãȥڼʱҵҲ趹ʵ˵࣬оһ£Լо䷽ˣҸ࣬趹ãҲòرĲϣⶼ̸ҵգ
๫趹ö󣿳ǰСһֻˮϴһıһǮ
ĪȾЩţôһűЩǮֻԡһζѣҲ̫ݳ˰ɣ򣿡
һЦĿɲֻԡô򵥣ϴϴϴϴͷãϴüȸɾ磬Ƥøӹ⻬ϸ壬ҲˣЩҲ
룬˼ҴЩлѵöûкõĶϴʱ㲻ÿˣǵûǮðµģⶫϴµһɫָɾģֵܲǮ𣿡
ĳл򣺡˵ôĶѰ˼òˣҲֻЩǮˡ
ЦⶫҲ٣ѰռҶõãҲŪôĲӦľһ󣡡
ĪȾԼرäĿΣֻҪ˵У϶ͬ
˵бһУǱֻ˵ҪЩôϣȥϾӻЩԡ
Ҫı⻰±ͬĳȥ鷿дҪĲϡ
ǱԽ˰ԡƷҲûֻòݲϴˡ
Ī֣鷳Ѵˮˡ
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׬Ǯļƻĺܸˣ˵ɱֻɻһӵĲˣмһ㣬ʵԽһ¡
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ζʵΪ㣡
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ĪȾ֮Ǯϵ֣ͬŴ˵һԼҪ׬Ǯ£ǮԴȤ±Ӧ˰ȥϡ
뽫õ嵥øţϸһ
ŵӷֱȥҩӣӣƷˣҩӵģڶ̵ģֻ٣Ҫе٣ϰҪİͣðеӶһܣţٶҪֻҪ͡
Ǯˣ˵һһ£ֽŵӴãǱ߶ɺҲ׺ţֻĪȾûӣȥˡ
ʰ⣬վԺͷ߱ӱ߸޽μǵĹ¡
Խͷһ龪Ϳ౼˰ˮ˹ȻǼһЩҲԸ⶯ԱͷСŮ˽¡
ϧû徲һĪȾŽҡ
֣£Ҷдһգ
ԽһڣϽܾ˰ɣɽ˴죬ʵûо񡣡
ĪȾҲû뿪Ĵ㣬ϥһ
֣˺õƷԼμӹƿİɣܷСܽƿ£
⻰Ǹ⣬˵ԽΪȫҪμʲôƿƿĴСȴŶ壬ϾʦܽЩ£ԼҲ
ΪʾԼԿƿ֮µ˽⣬λؿʼ˼ռСĳʶ⣬ԼܲҪôѧôעЩʲô
ĵ𾢣ݸһЦ˿ǿˣиôţƵڼУǿǶ˼붼벻ģʵ˷ѣ
ͻȻһ죬ɽȥؿѴȥʵǽһ


159 

µǶ˴ڲû壬Ȼֱɽ϶
컯˱ڣҲ֪ǲǷʲôߣ
ŻˣϽ±һСˡ
๫ˣǻˣ
ӣ¡ƣȥ棬壬˵û
ͷ˵ĹǶֽ࣬Ͻݡ
ԽѾƿ˺󴰣ߴȥһ룬ϾȻһƬѪ
มȺʹҪ£
ĪɸϽȰأְѹչݸ
е㵣ԽܲУ
๫һȥɽɣ
ĪȾҡͷɣЩ˸ƲӣΪܽһ˴ڼУ
ǰԼӱõָŵһĻʵǽ£޲֮֮Σգ
Խ˲ϵ˵꣬תɽܡ
̫ˣ¾ȻĵؽģòŹչǱʮصųǰܡ
һͷߣ֪ǺʱĪȾһӽ˳˳ȥ
ӴȥɣٻЩҽΪȥǿһҪЩЩˣΪԺΪš
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˲֣СԺﴫһȣ˶ҳ
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Ҳƾֱ˹ȥԽΪûҪʱڳֻ㳯ǰһ죬һסߵߴ磬Ȼһ˦֣ӳԶȥ
ԽĿɿڴ
Ͳҧһڣ
ߵŮöˣԸ˸ɾȴͷһ
ץߵָ꣡
Ŷ󶯾Щɽ˲ûϵԽڴ˼䣬ѵҲǹƣӵʱȻڼѣûߡ
ͷʹĨ˰ѺתͷɫһƬɷ׵£Сܼ𣿡
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ǼѱɽǹӰɣȥǲҹȥ
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һۣɻˮ
˵ͷǻᣬֻȡ
밲οû£ֻҪҵȫĵطͣЪЪȥҲҩȣء
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Ϊⱻ˷֣˺ɵѡ˴ˮïʢλ˹ӣһ·ۏˮӱߣŸ߸ߵ«έѡһխĺӶ˺ӣûǺӾȻͦĵطȻҪ벱ˡ
Һˮ֮ϸؼᣬԽҪ֣ˮصȹռε԰ššȹڣֽԽ˹ȥ
˿ؿĿͻȻһͣˣͷһΪ͸ʪĺȫɽ¶ˮ֮ղϵֱҪ̫ÿ
ʶԼռ˱ˣæɿ˻ֱסؿڡ
ĪȻҰ߻غ


160 ǰ

ԽôͷһαŮвջĿ⣬ڣһѣչˣʵǲá
汿ôչòס
һۣȷٿԼˣɿһַֻסּɽȥ
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ȶͷȥҩݡ
ԽæµģͷĪһ˵㺡
ѵ˲࣬ŮҲֻһȻ˱չ˵Ǹ
Լġ
û߿ˣһšϵѣ·Ūɣһﰵ
ùߵģһλȻֵþһΣҲ֪պܲŵر
мҲ֪ôˣԸĳлǣҪǰźã
ʵôģĪɾԲǰλŲ§һʵʵԺС
糿ǸõָŰͷˣ𵶵£źڲֻһ˫۾ԺһˣȺɽ
أ
Īɳ˳ӣһػػ
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˰ȥһŵ˼ҡ
úǧĪҪ¶ȻǼؿͱסˣС˺ӻеǮ˺òײſѽ
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뵽ôһƬزͷɣССһôǮأȣһǮΪͣСڲŻῪôһƬء
ĪȾȴ˿ûɵĻᡣ
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ʵҲغ£ҵֻΪѰ˶ѣ㣬ûƼһλĹү
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ʵҲһСӣҡҡСԴûһ䡣
ĪȾ§壺Զӣͬλú˵ɼ壿
СȦһ죬ŻƵĻһ䣺˵СһƲ
ְһ飬õĽȫãȻηϡ
ĬƬ̣ƺı˲ԣ΢΢ᣬ̾һ
˿ԼǸˣΪүǱȣǶȻسлһӣϧϧԭǡ
ĪȾû˵ĵͷ̾˿
⡭ʵźý
۷ػɨͼӣֻϵĴ󵶡
ҼҹүԹҴѰնûΪһ˷̻޹ڴ˼ൢգȥҲҪȻˣҸɴཫһȫɱ˰գ
ĪȾŵɫߵͷ
úС˾ԲҪүʱ䣬ȫ˰ҪסС˼ͷסиɵԺӣԺͷˣ˵ԺɾͲС˼Ժӻ
СʵΣŲòȥ̻ȼţǸԺаС˾ԲҪú۰
޵һѱһᣬżͳͳһһԺӹ񺿣ֱǸͷ֮һᷳذ֡
ұ죡
ĪȾ˿Ͻ죬סƵĿ
ĪҪΪ˵ǱȡңǵŰɣѾôõʱ䣬Ҳһհգû׼үȥ
⻰ҪɽϸһģĪȾĽп಻ϸ֮ɫ
󣺡үֻѣСֻǧҪ˺޹ĹСһӵɡ
ҾߵͷҲûеģǸɱͷΪᷳҲӲǸΪ˱ȫϴˡ
죡Ȼ濳㣡
ĪȾ㳬ֱ죬Ĩ۰Ͱ͵ؿˡ
ɽѵĵʮˣһҲûĴѱɽſϰݡ


161 㲻˵̰

ѰһѲҩϵҲˬ˼֣ôͷΡ
Խ鿴Ʋ֪ϵѪǹ֮ģԭѾĵˡ
˼ֱӣ˴˫֣˶ѵȹǣоƺ˲٣ûʮ볤á
̾˿̽Ŀ⡣
Ϊɽ̫ãˣٸشһ¼а壬ðͷһ£ȻԺµˣЩۡ
Խüһ飺ֻܳסɲԼɸӣôˣ
ҲûԼҧס½ǣֱ㿪ʼǣɴ䣬ˮܽЩ
Խü۳һŵ亹Ŀֶ˼˼
ֱľźȹǣȹϵĲɿ˲ݵϡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܻؼңôӣҪҧˣ
ԽԵЦһ˼ֻ㣿ȥҩҧңڷҧˡ
һۣΪһȺãһ
ҡͷ̸ϣȵھǼС
뵽ֲؿ˿롣
ôݶ֪θð֮ң
ĵĸԸ㣿ǲ֪ɽˣ
ȴһ๫˵ˣһʤ߼ִҪ㣬ɲң
Խӣպң๫ǼһΪūԸ⣿
ҲûҡͷͲˣһڲ뿪Һ๫аţҪؾˣֻԼ߱ǣ
ԽԲģΪ᲻ЩأǷ޶жһᱨǧ㹻һھǣɺã
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٣ãֻҪĶ˵㲻һҰС˵̰
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Ϊε񣬺ǵü
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⻰˵˸ûƢˣﲻ˼Ҿ֮ǷĪȾģԽǸз֮һĸ޼漦޹湷
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˽οˣˬôϲı£ŮΪβĺ֪ĪǸ˻ӣ
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ٿԼµĴ׷ɱ׷ǱҲѹ˼СӲ
뵽ԽȻҲΪ֪Լݣ԰Ųһ¡
֪أ
ٶ̧һϰСŮˣϸӰȴ˷ľϲ⣬ܽҪһ˽
ͻȻֱֱĿŶɽĳһ
Խ֪죬Ҳ˳ĿȥֻǿϧڲݵϣҰ̫ͣľһԶ
ˣ
ͷһʾҪ˵
¾װӣƺûйӵ˼ɽһΣȻվ˵
ԼУǷǰѣΪǳɽͷָġԸǲӣȻɾͲˣ
Ȼ˵һ˳ÿһξ룬ԶԶ㺰
󣬰ǵĻ
һ˵Ҫȥ
һȴùȥƬôûѼˣԼĲڴ˼ɣ
ǰֵ˵˼䣬Ȼػ
ͷ˵ϸѣһյʱͬ˺ģǶȥˣѵ𣿡


162 α

ŵǣȥˣҲϲǻɽ
һ˵ͷûݴͣôʮ˵ҪǿǻֵĶԽԽ׽֣á
˴ɹʶǱͷСԺ׽
һͷ亹Щ˾ȻҪҪһգ
ҺˣĻóȻȥײ˼
ͷһԽüԼϽһǣʾɲܳ
ֵСʱûжԽɽͷԶ˼ףͣ˿
ǵһ죬ҶӶˣҵ㶫ԡ
˵ͷˣϧûȻֻҲǺõġ
ͣڿЦɣֻԣһ𻹲Щ׷ɱ˷֣
ԽЦƣͬСһӶòˡ
ǺǣӻЩãɲԼһһӵɶأ
ԽĿһࣺСӽѵǣ¶ȻҪǷ֡
ͷţȴþעŵ㣬ȥЩԵġ
ȴûʵʵԭأһʵľϡ
һɣôΣգСһӦ
⻰еʵҲͦһɽ꣬ŸսɽʱΪ͸ʪʵڲ˼͸˽ദŻԼȥҩġ
µиźЩҲûԣԽ˲ѰһЩʳҰԼϵСҰӡ
ϧҰģɬʵʣֻܸһὬݷܽʣҲܳ伢
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Цİɣʶⶫ޶Һóأ
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ҿɲԣһ˶һ跨㱳ȥʩȣҶ˶ڴ˴жҪˡ
ҳԣҲûǿﷴڵǣȰЩûؼȥ๫һǼһʲôķӦ
ű㲻Ц
ԽȻü䣬Ц¶һСε͸Ұˣͷܿصһһڡ
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óѽǳļڣӴö࣬ϧûڣȻڻؼϼԣԷöö
õԽ̲סЦһ
ڻ˵𣿸һ
һ߲ɸһҡͷǿò㣬๫һˣ
ԽʱЦˣû˼๫αڣ
ԽԽԽԽˣûӣȻڳһɽҰƥĴ
ҪãҪãջػ֣ҪϿͷĳζ
պֽɵһѸӵݸͻȻ֣ȫûСɵһõĹȫɨ䵽˵ϡ
ԽסͼСŮЦһգŭɫصһۣ׵ȥһһŽûˤõĹӼĴ˴ֱͽгԵˡ
ȻԼղŵ֮˼ң治⣡
Ǹ·ڸһֻӣû뵽Сӵ֡
ûֵһۣԼɣ


163 һ

ԽͻȻЩĻر
ﵽسǿн·
ͻð붯һ٣ᵽ뷨
ȥسҰؼ𣿡
Խ˸ͷǺѵȵԼѰҲһձãСҲˣЩ׷ɱµδģҼڴ˼䣬ѱ䵽С
ȥسѰˣýǰæߵ˾ؾصǱôٵˡ
˼תˣ²ٻԸǸ
ǲߣѱᱻЩ׷ɱ˴㲻ҪԼһ˴ʵǵòʧ
˼ߴ·»ᱻְɣֻҪƹ·ӱǣֻҪɽͽУӦòڱЩ˷֣ӿھҪߣ
Խһ˼⣬ϵ˾ģٻɽСԺ£ÿһֱߵĺãװٳϽٳǵפͳ˧ҹ鰲¼ְʶõģֻҪѰӪͲõˡ
ɽţڱֱȥֻһߣǻҪСӣԸһ̣
Եͷ͵ˣ벻Ҳ͡
Ǿ߰ɡ
˵űǸԱǰسǵ֮ãԸ˲ᵣþò飡
һ·ɽˮߵʵһ࣬Ӳǿ˲س⣬ֶ̲ˣϽȥ㶫ԡ
ųǽһξ룬һˮڣ䲻󣬿ȴ㹻һͨ
蹫ӣ۾ʹȥΣ߳ţ֤ûܷ㡣
ʵȥǱˣҪأ
Խǲߣ۵ҪҲʲôݲݣֻŷǳʱڴɷ죬ˣ
Ǻ˱㹭ӣûСȵˮǽԶľ룬ܿ˳ȥɫڣҲûˣû棬ֻǽϳÿԡ
УҸطϴϴҲ̫ˣ
ԽǶʱͱͷѬüŻ£һСŮ˾Ȼܵζ˵ҪҵطϴϴȻû
سǵĽֵߣܿھԵҵһˮͷꤺ͵ͰУǰˮɫûʲôˣЬӺͲһϴ̡
ԽһԼ֪ÿɻ̲סɨһ˼Ө׵㣬һҪ˫û覴õСŲƲߣ
ҺüҲСţȴ㣬ûв㣬ȴСòӯһգʵ˿ϡ
ٶȲĴһȣͻȻ˻ģ벻һа˴ߡ
벻֪룬ܿ콫ЬʰɾҲܻʪģִ˽ϣתͷλ°ЬҲϴһ飬˿ԼĲ࣬ûּæֱһȦ
׸سȥĥŵ°ߣȥվش塣
ʶõģ
سھӪ
ͷʱ䲻磬ǾͿ߰ɡ
ԽٴαȦŮϸļϣоǷͷһϧ֮⣬ߺú۰
룬һΣ治ͬһؾ𣿡
뱻ʵＫˣⲻ˰ɣѾشüˣ蹫ӣҪҪ๫ľ֮شǽӾС
Խֵ֤߱ӡ
ǣǻˣлٱɣǲ
ھߵȴǾֱ֣Ӱ˸Ǿʹ˷ֵٵȴ֮ڣ
²뱨ݶ飬ֻ޷ģҲˣɣһؾ˵طһǧ㣬ٰɺã
ͷɵ̧һۡ
ƭҺһؾɣ蹫ӣҼ๫ðΣվ㣬¶ȻڵǶ˵ȥ㲻³򣬹ͬ߿ɾ˵ȥˣǴɷΪ
ԽðҲû֨һŭ֮ͲֱӰ˦һȥΪա
ĬسųھӪȥ˴ʱŵӪǰ
ͣ½Ųſһ·ˣĨź𣺡蹫ɣӪصزѰŮ㣬ұ㲻ˡ
Խһ£ǳ˸ǸðʧСӼ£ҲĪҪߣѰҪҵˣݽЩԳл޶ˡ
ɲţ䣬˲֪ʲôģһİٰ֣ԼֱӸȥô죿
֮Ĳޣǰǳǵôӣѱᱻڱ
һŮӶ⣬ǶЩΪ


164 ߺˣ

ˣԵټݶҲУʱ̫һǲˣʹ˱蹫Ӷౣأ
˵һתͷҲصˡ
ӪǰҲԽʲôʧɲľǷǳԣ
δ߳Զһӿӭ汼뼱æ·ߣ̧ȥӢӳУ͵رһƬ
Ǹ˲ǱˣǰĽҹĽ֮ӣλýĹˣΪӣȴò³
ȫˮһƬսֱǶ˹ȥҧأӿŲվȥ
ԽʧںڰеӰͷ˵ǺĬĬߵӪǰʿìǰ
ߺˣӪصأô
ԽݣλӦýӵѰɣԽ︺Ѱ˳ҡ
ʿסǡҹĽһӱһϳԽϥرȭ
ϣĽ٣ˡ
Խüضڴˣ
ӪǰѾɿӪڱȥݵĺ졣
ҹĽվһ񣺡Ľӻʡףǡ˵ʧٵϢЩնڰæѰңҶ¼࣬ƽµػˡ
ԽϲõĿ⣬΢΢ף˶ѡ
ҹĽʣ֪˺εȱʣƺҲ˲٣ֻмڸѰ
ԽȴûĻֻ˴Ӫڣ
ҹĽͷڴ˿ʱˣ˻£ðɣ
ԽһɣֻҪ߻ڴ˱á
²ض˵£ʵڷۣȽӪİɡ
֣ҹĽæס־ɫˣ
ԽͷСˣ󰭡
Ӫνý޲ϲ󺰣¡
ͿɫòȻһ·Сܵվһ£ϧﲢ޳ҲɽôƫƧĵطȥΪʱ̫ȥϵ䳵ҲûС
ֻ֮ת򸽽ĿջȥȽ棬Ѷ˲Сʡ
ջ
СһǮһЦл͹ʶԵطˣǿջ죬ȥƹ񣬰⣡
˵תͷ󺰣ƹģп͹Ҫ
ߵƹǰƹ࣬ѵҲЦݺк͹ټλҪȥֻ⳵Ǵһ
룬ڵģһĸҼݳܣ
ʵⷨ
ƹٺһЦֻ⳵ýʮѺ𣬵ǴһֻʮһǮӣʮڶǮԴ˱֪Сȥδ˶Զ
˵˴ӵķλãƹþ׼ôԶǮӣСӵҪ𣿡
Գһ£Ůӣ
ƹĹһ֣ˣСʱҿûУۼһŮ򣬸
Ƭ̣һȻ㻢رһ׳׳ĸˣŨüۡ񴽣ϻ˰ѸͷһΪ׺
ûţںԺأ
˵ҲǴ㲻
ջƹĻصһۣԶǰɣиСҪͳȥɽ壬ȥ
գ۾øͷָָ룺Сӣ
뱻ָһɻǵ˵ͷ
ջƹһӣѸͷ£񣬵ľˣ
ϽѸͷ£Щ˼ضŰ븣һ£ǸˣĵģСӼ¡
һֱģҲûƽϣ±㿴ƹ
ڸǮǵ˵طٸ
ƹһ֣ͬ¥ֺţۣͯСȸʣܿ챸á
˵һֿѵŻȥϽ
Ժֱ˺븶˳Ǯ뵽һµȺ򣬹ûӾͼֽŲduangduangر˻
СӣˣɻҪȣ
߰ɣصȡ
˳˿ջһӵȻͣͷŸڳµСӲλϡ
С˵ԭƾɡ
̤ŵҲкܻشֺһССӺĶ˵ɻģڲأ˵űһ˦һݣ
ƥNNС
Щ֣ͦ˼㶼˼ɿջ˵ʵ
иǿջƹ
һߴӿٶܣһ߻۲ǣģûҪۣջЩ¡
ԸǿЦãˣһ𣿡


165 ΪԲ

ҡͷҶʮˣиӣҲջ򣬻Ǳ۸Ƶû취ǹ¶ѸŲòı·
ˣΪ۵˼磬ѹҲ·ݣΪū˼ҶΪοô׳ʵһ
Ǻϲֱĸԣܹ͵Ůʵͷɲ١
һ·ߣһ·ͬһûһģǸ໰ˣŴ𣬲ٳ
˸ҵ뷴︡һ֮ͬ⡣
ԭֻһӣֻǾǰһս£ۣʱ߹һȳԽñҲݣӣһδ飬һһΣʵǲСĶҲȥŻӳѡ
ϧܳҲùû֤˼ҶԸãʱԲòױǿջϰÿҪ˶ĻȴҲֻǸڿʣµķ˱ѡ
뵽ŴսĲпᣬԶѰգΪԼҲĥѣһҪСҾ츻ԼһҲսǣۣ
ҹӶ㵽СҼ£Ը⣿
û뵽˵ֲػͷڰĳᡣ
СӴ˻棿ͲĸӶǼ𣿡
ЦѹֻҪû׽ȥҶ˵ģ˭ֻЩ
ȷһ䣺ҶأԸһͬã
һ£ֻ֪ӵƷΣ
ԼĶӣæظƱ
ҶӾԵĺúʵоóҪҲֻ֮࣬ڱԱɣ
ŵԼʮĶҪһŮ˿϶ǲеģܹ͸ɿĳɲǻ£ǱӦ
ұӶֻҵðѻ˵ǰͷӲ˵Ҳһֱ
ǿջܹ֤СҷģҶģƷû⣡
Ҳ˵ʲôĻȥ䣬ԵóϿҡ
Цˣ㣬˵ãӻɵúãҳ˱֤ǳԱסãÿ»ÿһǮӵĹǮòãǶԲұֻ뿪
˵ÿ¹ܳԹסһǮӣʵǴΪ
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뱣֤ģҰ´壬Բڲ㡣
Ը˵ҪģȻЦ
ݵȣһʱص˴ӣţٶȼֱ֮𣬿ǮУ
ֱɽСԺǰԶԶİͿԼԺеһѻ뵽ĪȾͬ˵Щ˱Ϊţﲻһ
Ҳ֪˶ọ̃
ĪȾ㾯ӭԺǰֺ๫ң
ĳԺűԣӣɻˣΪˣΪλ
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ΪûԽȴ˵㡣
ֻ˵ɣҪȿˮٻȥ
ڽͷæ֣ˣˣСӣȥͬҶ˵£Ҳ⣬
Ҳû뿪ĳеֻصԺУԺ˨á
˶õ̰֮⣬Щ߶ˣ
ĪȾ⣺ʱյģҼһĶԶˣỴ̈ӣأɽΪˣ
ӼˣҲΧǰֱӱס˰ȡ
ףף
ҲɻˣǽԺжһ죬Ǹ˺˰
ֱӣһǣС֣һӡ
ԷûУ
ĪȾҡͷδ飬ΪԲ¡
벻ֵһۣԲ£ôúҲţ
Ͻ˵ûԣǳˣ½ķ
һˣ๫Ҳãԩˣ
ĪȾѶӱȥŵϣӴһȥȻŰֽ˵
ԩһµ޷ֻȥˣ
֪ļĳȥǱԽ뿪˵һ飬ĪȾ˿
ˣΪ浣Щ˻ߣǸ
ҪǣиҪһ㣬ԽԼӣϾ˼вѧһǸ֮ˣʵǽֵģ
²һļɻӺζЦһת⡣
ɰѽˣҪĶˣ


166 ɫɲ

ĪɱʵûعѽˣֻʮĶﻹûϣҲˣֻǵʱЩûߣҲŵòᣬԺ˰Σֱͬɡɻؼҡ
뺹գҺﲻ֪Ǽ˸鷳Ҳãǿܰˡ
Ļĳͬ˵ûΪھ
ʵΪŻˣЩ˻ѳ֤㻵ˣ
ǰõʻ˽ȥˣǼҿôЩѵǮ
ΪΪԲѣ˵ȥҽǮˣѳϴŸսѵ֤֪
˵ǺҧгݣԼĺܲλ¡
밲οֱۣãһƽ£˭ҲĪҪˣֻδ֮Ŀɲܷţž˾Ͳˣȥʰһ¡
ĪȾʱһۣӱһգΪ㡣
ӧҪæɻȻûǷ޶˱ЯȥһѵĶڰϣɾʮ㡣
ʲôΪ죬ôûõȻòŪؾȥޣ˵ģһעҪ檵ıȵ๫
˵ʲôһǧӱ𣬿տ˵׻Լ̤̤ʵʵ׬Ǯʵڣ׬ǮھŪʮĶլԺĿ꣡
˵ɾ͸ɣߣ첲ӣһжصС֮һֻܻĵϴһݸˡ
๫Ҳҳһԣ
ĪȾ㿴ɫСȻҲǼⶫġ
ӣﲻʳж
һۣʶⶫ޶ģֻЩܲζСʳ϶ж๫ɸҳһԣ
˺˫ֽӹֻСܳԣΪԡ
뿴ǰȥڿϸ˼£һŰוĿ˲ͷðϸܵĺˮ
ĪȾ㱻ᶼˣ̲סʼԣϽˮ죬ϻżӳʣµķȥץһͷݸ˵ˡ
ͷԣⶫζ壬ǻԵĻ·
˺ؽӹͷҧһڣڿнŽ⣬ͷĪ㿪ʼϲָоתͷȻССҧ˿Ȼپͷԡ
ˣǲǺóԣպЩ͸óˣϧǼûнһЩЩҰôպܺóԣ
ĪȾԾЩֳԷĺܹ񫣬֪һͷͳȥϵСҲûˡ
ӣû뵽ⶫܳԣͦóԵġ
رϲϴԼҲͷɱӦζСȥųԵһͷرغſζˮ
ĪȾ㿴ô㣬Ҳȥϴͷԣ̲ס˰ͷ˼ҵԡ
̫óˣǳ⣬óԣ
˿С̬ͨгɫɲͣг̼ͷͺܺóԣϧǰãɽżȻҲɹʵǱ
ôһ˺ü׬Ǯͷһͣ˵ʱ˼Ҷûƶȴû뵽ûƶͣپǶǻ˳ģԲպû·
ֶô׬Ǯ·뿪ļˣǰȰЩرסϽ׬һʣ
Сڿĳ궫㿪ʼͬЭظɻвϳӹ뿪ʼ֬͸ִϡ
ĳһ߰ջһߺͰĿ
ӣ㰡ΪȢң
æϵĻһۣҿɲɣŬԼҲгϢⶼС£ҵһջҲᣬǲУĻǶˣ˼Ҳ𾴺Ľģ
һҪָ๫ųɣΪպǼ˳ЦǸ̼֮ɵúúŬֻиҲǺõģ
ĪȾ㵱±֣ػӦΪ򶨲ӺպΪǿȡ˹˹٣Ҳⷬ࣬ΪҪÿôҲֻڼܰݵ
׳־Ϊ⣬ǲ˸߹ٺ»ֻϣԲһһССѹԼ๫Ȼܹͦſģ
ĳ˵˵űζ
Ϊ׬Ǯֻܸ֮Ϊ޶ǣɡɣ̫٣˸ɣĸжĸŮһֿˣ
룺ĸأôຢӣ
˭ҪôຢӣһŮ㹻ˣ
ĳкίؿΪϲŮӣ±һɺã
ַ֪ëһ壬ǰ˽ϵĴס
һȥҲԼϼ⣬ǻûþͿʼǵ£ûϢ
ĪȾ㱻СϸϿ۰ͰͳԼ׺Сӡ
ĪΪôһ룬ȻӾΪǻǲ㣬Ǳ㡭Ǳٵ塢ߡ˵ɡ


167 ˯˲Ź

룺塢ߡǿ׳ˣ
ǰ˺صͷȭͷʾһԼ
ʵΪھͦǿ׳
һۣ뵽˵ù͸¡
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Ҫ͸﹤˵һ飬ĪȾֳûСϣԴµûʲôֻһ䡣
Ķӿɼ˳ÿɺã
úòҲ֪˵ҲҪɣ˺ֱܹ˵ǸĺͿϸɣ
ĥǼôһƬأǵиУ⿿̺򲻹ôЩء
ҼôຢӣиӦźãպǮл֮˴ӵ⣡
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ĪȾʱζѬ˰ıӣⶫ㣬յһڣΪվˣȻ
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ΪȥȴΣϱ㴩
ݣߵȴĴľǰЩϹȻѾסˣְܽʵҲܹ⻬һ飬ɫԤڵĻҪ͸һЩ
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ĪȾһ£ЩܼƻӣȺͰùˣԵĶʣ߳ɣǶˣ׬Ͻ屶Ǯ
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ĳգգںڵĳëʵڲҰһּӵСǮҲⱾ£
Ȣò绨£Ǵϻ۹ˣһÿסˣܽĳЩĵĸߡ


168 Ǹ꣨޸ģ

뽫ȫʰһֻ¨תֻ
һ緹Ѻǽ꣬ĪȾް˱飬ͬȥ鷿ﻭȵģߣŻ˼̻ͼֱǾ
ӵ黭ܣΪĻҲӵĺá
˵ЦЦΪûǮֻֽѧ˺þõģ๫ҲѧôãȻһĺã
ĪɱΪãϵӣ˿뻭ͼ
ףǾջףҲѧ
ǵӵͷðǾͽп˽ǻ
˵ŻǮϾʹɹˣҪ׳ȥ
ǮϿ룬Щ죺˵ȥˣôͻˣɴ㸸赽ӣ
ҡͷǮûţһͻˡûϵģҰˣǻҪܣȰЩ
˵û赽ӣǮĬĬ̾˿ĵǸүȻǲŮˣҲãǲǰȫĪҵˣԼһϱ׹ŮԴ
⼸һ뵽ǮͷҺǱûĥѿ£ͨˣиŮǧԼҶˣȻҪﲻ
λŰ㲻֪ͷǺõĲ黵飬ǮǱɶʱѰʵʱðǮѿأ
Ǯһ߰Ըϱ򱧲ƽһŰ˵ǰ¨ӵʵһ㶣¨óһ
ⶫ˵ȣǳԵĶ
ˣͬһ뷨ĳС
ܳԣϴϴ֣ԡϴõġȸԣⶫжˣ
һ˵һǮϵȥȴһˮȻְǮϵĨ˰Ĺ׻ҡ
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ʾϴ֣λҲһͻ̫ˣϽϴϧǺڻһ֮ʵϴϴ˰죬ƷȻںڵġ
뽫Сȵݸһϴ
ǮϽӹСȣϴ˴򣬻ĸооһ
滬ﰡ㣬ӴôЩĭӰ٣ⶫãҶϴȥˣ밡ȿǸϡˮð
ͷǵȻˣϴϴɾһƤҲأˮϴָ֮ɰͰ͵ģкЩƤҩģзۣûأ
һ˵һĨڹĨһѣֵݸǮϣϴϴԡ
Ǯ϶˵ӹòеĨȴˣϴû±ϴɾˣ¿ǰòС
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ΣĪȾֻóǣ˰ȥŻҪߣ˫˫˼ţȥ
ƤֱֲõԤУ֪Ҫʲô£
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ĪȾ˽ŰСֵĳָһۣʾ䣬̧űԺӡ
ѵãݾȻЦǺϣСһһңһ裬һݵģһ͵ģ
Ӵˣղٻӵģ˵ǰԺʰ޵ͦɾģ
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169 °ˣ޸ģ

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170 ׼Ű޸ģ

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171 ΪԲ㣨޸ģ

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˿ǷַӲץסȡ˯ϱ


172 ɵ

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˰ɣҪŮºֳɵأһûٰҸɻɵǿˣ
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ɣϾǸĹ٣˵׼͸ˣǸˣȻȥץʱɽʵݲ


173 겻ɢ

ǱһȥϣһصԽԼ类ܵܵĸѵԽ
ֲ֪»ôͬĪɽãֻȥϯ⡣
˱ҧһ֮˵òУȻΣ˵ô̫аˣĪסɽϰҲûУһȥסͱϮհ׵ʲôӣ
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ӺȫʶǰҲֻվ


174 ˭ɳ

˫ֲڳһʮĹڿʼݽ
ǿɽ壬һΪǴһıɾЩ˼ң˽Լ׬˴ѵӣǿǳĺģȴ
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175 

װºᣬ߸鲼ϯϽȻһؿڡ
ҼҴֻǼ츣ˣԲļһЩЩ˿Բ򣬰СҲһɽˣͽЩ˽նһɽɣǽɽҩģպ׼鷳ˣܳ˰ɣ
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ĪȾ㲻ôô˽ͻȻð亹С֣ɻӣ
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һŶΪҹĽͻȻ֣˶ˣȫԼ֪
ԳƱȥʱǡйٱ˵䣬񸾱֪ˡ
ԭˣԽûлɣ˵Ļðһͷۣ
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176 顢

񲻸³Բ裬ĴֲҶʵϲ̨棡
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ͷһ֪ҹĽȻ˻࣬ȥլһϧ𡢸ʮģ
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ԺſͻȻһεεĺùãùڼҲҵ֣
Ǯ˳ӿȥͼһŻȹŮվԺǰͷ
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177 ͬ

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ﲻͬŸ檴Լ£۴磬ӹܲסһ˾Ͱڵòᣬж˵ȥǵ첡ɣ
ٽţֲܲ㣬ԡ


178 ˷ָ

һݵӣʾǮѿ
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ĪСɣСȥңǮѿ϶ԼδСӣǶرУĪɵĻûɣҲһֱĪСɣģΪԵģΪûĻСдЩĪɵ¡
ǻĪСɣСʵ·ϣԵľɶ˵ɶҲû˵ᣡɶĶԡ
˵ǮѿλĪСɣʵϵһֱܲǰͻ䣬ֿϰĪСɣԿϲĻ£ҲλСƽ
ĪСɣǮѿȡ껨ʱ۾һ


179 ̣˼ҵ

ѽƯѿ㣬䶼Ǹҵ𣿣
Ǯѿص˵ͷȻˣҿڼϸģ㿴һ۷۵ģһƵģˮ鰡ܴǸСѾͷģ
ĪСɣֽӹ껨±㳯޽Ǳ˱ʣǮѿÿ𣿶ɩ㿴ÿ𣿡
ŮȫüЦغġ
ÿÿɣͳƯ
ɲǣɣѻһ׼Ư
ĪСɣϽյɩͭǰ̰ѻˣ־һ´Щȡժ˻ƵĻ۵ģժ˷۵ĻƵģȥ˰Ŵȴ۵ģɫϲ죬ϲ£
ѿ㣬ãллҵľ
ǮѿسϹһ¡
ɶֻҪѿеĺöȫָһ룡
ҲСױϻͷȡһϸϸ
ɣѿ㶼ˣɩҲһ˵۶ҴҴļױͷһСرʺ͸Ĺ
ĪСɣϲؿǸΣ;öɩӴÿˣû뵽Ȼø
ɩҪѽ㱣֤ڣ
һۣЩʱأչңӦõģŰɣıˡ
ĪСɣİҲ˹ȥһῴһῴΣȫЦ
ϺǮѿһۣãѾͷͲǸϸĵûƳǿɢע
УΪ̫಻ѧ룬üӰѾ
ɣӻܼҵ²أȥϲȵ˵ֹš
ĪСɣʱɫ䣺ɣҿɲ޸Ǹܴɣѿ㣬ðң
ǮѿһͷʹҲ˵ɶѽϾҲĪҵˣûа˵ķݡ
ĪСɣȻ˵ǵҼ˰ѿ㣬ұ㣬ֶŮҼ£
һ֣
ģĸҲǼˣɣҲĪǴѿңǾۼˣ˵ӦӦֵ𣿡
ĪСɣգգ۾ͷȻǱȥˣ
С쿴˿ϵľֿ˿ֻΣ᲻÷µֵĺôҲӦվһӣɴѡĬװûѽûȰϲ⼸õ֣˵Ե¡
ӴˣҵͷûϨҪˣѿ㣬ɩİɣȸɻȥˣ
СѾͷŵĨ֮ͣ󼪡
ϺǮѿɫһû뵽ĪСɣȻܣѾͷһ£סеѰ
ѿ㣬ȥɣɣĪһˣСԣûʱˡ
ǮѿΪȻҾͲͬ˵ˣҺӣӵʱҴСһ
ϺЦӦŰͳȥ
ǮѿΪ˲ĪСɣȥͰϽѰ䣬ŰĪСɣɻŹȥ
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Ⱦ磬ˣҸ˲ոպã
ĪȾδҵСӾͱŮ˰·غ䣬Ͻӳ
д󺰣ӣΪؼң׳ˣ
ͿԺһĻǸǮѿǸʲôɫԵӦһˡ
תͷǮϺӣʰ޲ˣţֻףҺʹȻȥˣӣпյɽ
ǮϺһݣǱǮѿڲĪȥν
Ⱦ磬ѽ˵ǲãҿɣȥ˼ֻĸţζⶼŵȥһɡ
ĪԺӶ˵˵ĪҪѣӸ£룬۸Ͻߣ
һ˼ȼأǼҺȲҪӺһȥ
ĪȾһѽǮѿƿΰŮܲףʵֲĳŮĻﷴϲż
ĪҪΪɴף˭ҪָΪ򰾲ȣ˭Ķúȣ
Ǯѿ⻰ҵȦһ죺Ⱦ磬̣˼ҵ⣿ô˵Ҳǹñأ㲻Ϊ檣ѲӶЩд
ǮμˣϽȥѿĪҪ֣УḶ̣́˵ĺ⡭
˭ҲûϵǮϰѻ˵꣬Ӿͼˡ
˵Ϊ檣ĪɩɲܺͿҲܣ˭ίҵһͬû꣡


180 Ұ

Ǯѿҧסָ̧˫ۺᣬһ۸˵ӿǮϡ
ùã㲻˭ѽȻ˼ҵҲҪͣףҳôû˳׹ɵø
ǮҲӸ˵ЩҲס
ӣȻȥɣæ˴գˣĪҪ˺ɵϲƣ
⻰Ȼˡ
ӻΪĪ檣±ðĨԱһˤ
߱ߣ룬ԺĸҪǸ۸㣬ֻȥҲӻ
ȥסֱۣοسЦЦ
ӣĪҪû뷨
ӻݵǮѿһۣһǳ˶۸Ӿ˭۸˭أǮϼֱϹϱøĶͷţ
ûãȻ˭Ҳ
ĪȾڰһ߼ſߣӣۿذɣ㶼һˣȥҪŪȣΪʵ۵ý
һۣͷ֡
ӣæ˴죬ﻹһȺӵȥأȥɣҺʹǷҵǮᾡ컹ϵģżҲ𲻺˼ֻͬ˵
ǮûټһۣۼﲻţҪҲȽˣȿԣٸǾС
Ӹмӵ⣬Եس˵ͷ
Ҳûٶ˵תˣĿԶתǮϴк
Һʹɻȥˣ
ǮϵͷذɣһˣúЪЪ
û䣬Ǯѿɿſȥ
߱˵Իùã﷿СӦûסĵطɣ˵Ⱦҵ·ܴ󣬽ұȥǱ߽סһޣҲһˣæңȥһûأ
üͷûôƤˣԼܻӭ
ĪȾǲضȻܾǮѿĴ㣺ԺҲûסĵط㻹ǻǰɽȥɣ
ǮѿŭЦզûסĵطأƼɽôƬԺӣҲŲһȫסˣȾ磬ƢÿͣҲǿͣͬһƽϣ߰ɣ
ȭͷôûˣǸߣ㲻Լˣ
ĪȾ㣡
СŭĿԼĳиϽסǮѿ˵㲻
ɣҼﲻӭ㣬ϽԶ㣬ӣĪҪΪұұ㡭
û˵ֱ㱻Ǯѿס˳ҪˣŵøϽ˺һ˦
컯յģ֪ܣҲ±Ƽ
Ǯѿ˿Ϊ⣬һߵ̧ͷ
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ĪȾŭǮѿ֪ܣ˻˵ҲȢ檣Ȣ㣡ҹ
ǮһԼòᣬȥ볶Ǯѿ
ѿùеطסĪҪǵȥǱˣúùõĳɲɣ
Ǯѿ㲻ӵػһ䣺ɣֻǱףȥּסһҲûô˰ɣȾСΪĺ°ϰɣ
⸾˰裬˶ûӣԼݶάȾʵ̫ˣ
ùãҷģѿЩҲˣȻˣǾͲӲһȾһϵģ
ǰһ־͸һƣǮѿһסŵؿ
㡭ң
һƴǣĿбˣ˭˵ˣҰǰ裡ôаɣ
Ǯѿ˫ӯӯؿ˿ǮϣùãôţҿֶŮͿң
ǮһΪѣǮѿϽָͷӡӣе㵣ɩ˲ýٿŭڵֶŮǷᣡ˸ã
ϧ⻰˵ڣλúȰѿɩƢ㿴Ҳǣ˵ôãΪɶҪ˵ǣˣȥɣùøóԵġ
Ǯѿ֣ɣ㲻գһͷǵȥȾסɣҰҴȻҵҪкֶΣ
ûһ˾Ȼ๫ͷҰֱΥ
ôһ֣ھӶͷǮѿһηͦʿԴˡ
ưǷᣬᾹȻƬƤһգӲ˵˰๫ͷҰ


181 ûɫ

Ȼǲܰ˵ʲôһ͵̲滼Ӱۺ壬ΪԼ˾
๫ߣզզΣҾͲˣһ죿
ĪȾǮѿϧҲֻ룬Ͼˣ˲ԼҪùԹ˾ҲǮ˽
ķ
ֵðԼһǺϣϽСֱ̬ȡ
ӣɷģΪԲᣬĪ˵Ϊ檣ǸΪΪ򶼲ɣ
뱻⻰˵һ֣ɣ˵˵͵ذЦһգףؼҸҷ°ȥ
ĪȾ㣺ˣˣ
ӣΪͬһѽ
ӿŲɽȥˣȫԺһѵ߲ݡ
صɽûһСŵǮѿ͸ĪȾջؽԺ˨ϣ
ϽȥȻĪҪҲԣ
ǮѿȫɬȾ磬ĪˣСƢˣ㲻ҷԾͲ£һԼѽ
ˣȾ磬ҼǵСʱϲĻˣҸҿͬѧ˺þã±ûã
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Ծһɵĸ׳˹˿ȻСŮˣһ󲻺˼ź׹ȥסԺš
ĪүҪֶã
ĪȾ㼱Ҵߣ߱Ӧ㣬ֵ˱ɣ
׳Ŷ
ĳнӣһֺõشս׼ϴ㰾ȵİ룬Աס
ӣĪҪΪͬΪûϵ
һǣ֣˼˵ͬûϵ㶩ףãߣȻûͬ˵һ㶼ҵԼˣ
ĪȾϽģΪͬһĵģΪֹͬԼˣǸң㡭Ӵ
ָһӣڰ׷ŭغһ۵ӡ
ٸˣƤӣˣ˵Ҳûãҹ°ȥ
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˿һ˿ţĿŹֵؿ⡭ⲻǷŴ׳ӲҪΪιֻĹͷ
뱳ŭڣ͹ﰭ£
Σĳֻǿдż˿ͷ˸µĵطȥˡ
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ֵܣ𿪣ҽȥɣҼұ־ϰˣ㲻ãСһ𳤴СʱϲŲҽû˻ˣ
ҵʣҵô˰
׳һ䣺ǳĪүɶɶͬɶϵ۲ܣֻܵűǡ
Ǯѿʮؼð㲻һѣҿĪүױã˵Ҳأɶ񣿸Ͻÿ͵ģĳȻ˼ҵݵͷ
ºһ¨ӵ˻˻صԺؿӡ
׳զ£
׳ĳеͬｲһ飬Ȼص˵ͷ
ӣĪ˵ɶĪүֻܵסǣҲĪ
Ǯѿ˸һѺӵĸˣΪлὲţϵõľȻҲ⻰ֱòᣡ
ǶôˣƾɶȫסұּԺУһݹͷȺСӣ˭ҵģ˭϶ŮȫǼסˣ
ʽС
գգĴ۾ŷͷ˳ҲŰˡ
ŶǸʶõˣ½㣬ƽ㣬ǻȥͶɣ
СͷȫûǮѿĽתȥˡ
ͷһɤӣûɫŮӣĪүҵСӣǼүʶã˵ݣ׳Īŵֺˣ
׳ͷţģ
Ǯѿ֪ԼǱŽȥˣΣԺ󣬿ɲֻܽȥһתǱߵȥ
׳ŲˣͷդźͷȻûˣֵ·ҲûˣڴϽңǮѿȻ˳Ҷȥˣ
׳ϽĪүĪүŮҶȥˣǺã


182 ĪҪͣ

ĪȾ㻹ڹͷأС򶼲ϡպûͷɨһۡ
ãһԭ˲Ц
ͷ˼ֱҪ̫˼ǽִ˹°һ˫ϥڹͷϣڲŷ֣˾ȻعͷһͷɸɾŴֽϣԼڹͷ桭
ǿЦãȥǿͷƳĳԴϻһ¡
ȥƣ
ĪȾмϲǣӲΪˣ
ߣǵÿ̬ȣ
ĳиϽվֱ̧ͷͦأؿӣΪ̬ȾԼᶨ˵檣Ͳ檣ɣ
ͷţǸ檣Ҿݷ򣡡
Īͷ󺧣ָϽ׽С֡
ӣǧΪ򰡣ûӣΪûӻˡ
Ȼ˾ͷһ󼦷ɹţǮѿҽ繷֪ǲǴˣ
Ͻ䣬ͼŰɨ׷ǮѿԺӵķܣ
Ⱦ磬Ҫҡ
һɨָס޳СǶҵʣҲ
׳ԺǰȻ˴򣬲ǹȥæãǲҪĺã
Źֺǵģվſڣ˫ֻЦЦ֡
ĪȾͷһĻҲֻǴ۳˳򣬱ְעŵӲ绨Сϡ
ӿǾͦȤ
ͷţֺġ
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ﻹſ޺֡ҡҪǡи̡ҵ׼
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ûתԸ׳׳ԺŴ򿪡
׳ԵŵԺŴ򿪣ܵϡ
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ûйĵù£ԼŰ죡
Ҳܲˣ½廹ϵˣĪҺǮҲ˽ᣬ˻
ĪȾãȥ壺ĪΪɺã
һۣû£ңŪ滹ϴ
ĳиϽÿһϴΪϴɣӵҲΪϴӣæһˣЩͽиɣ
ǰ˲ãʵǸķûԼĺóԣһ٣ȫҲԸ˷ôõϸ㡢⣬һͬǸ
͸׳Ǻ֣ϸµķʳûôϸµӣ治ó
û취ΪĺͳԷĶģֻܼΪˡ
հѰְŵ˸ϿԺʹĪСɣ
磬ɩҹŴѿ㣬أ
ӭȥСɣˣأȥɡ
ӦŮ£Сӹš
ĪȾҲյǰСɣŪؼȥ
ĪСɣΪѣ磬զŪ˲ֱ
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ʾСӣ磬˵ˡ
һҲֻܵǮѿĸĸ˲и׵Ľڲģ
ĪСɣ˸ͷȥҪţǮѿͷˡ


183 С

ɣǺڸԶЩҪңҲҸ㿪ţ
ԺһߺͶһ߶ݡ
ĪСɣس˳ʰ룺ɩ˵ÿˣ
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ĪСɣƺеһ㶣ŬʾеĺЦһס
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Ǯѿ͸ĵȺͷһζɣĪҪǺڲˣأŻ׷Ҵ򣡡
ĪСɣֻͷһۻŵţѿ㣬Ҫôǻؼȥɣ˵ˣֻҪȥס
ǮѿȻܾ
ҲȥȾұ֣סһкβɣҪһȥһ
ĪСɣ㿪ţҽȥѽ
Ǯѿһ£ȽǸ߿
û취ĪСɣֻöŸһλõطɺã
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֪Ǯѿ²ô򷢣ֲΪѣ˵ˣǮ˾ʹߣʹЩӽȥиŮ
ҲûٰŮ˶ϣˮһĥ˽ѵ¡
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ĪȾԼͷΪûף͵ĳЩ˲ߣǮƫܳ£ֱǲ˰ӣ
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ͷҲûصشҧĽֵ؆ʲô⹦򻹲طȥһ˻𣿡
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ĪΪȥ飬ΪŲԼأΪֻÿЦڳ
˵ֲǿӣĪ˰ΪҪˡ
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ڳɵǰһΪܰ˸ѣ꾹Ȼüһӡ
ĪҴǰ
ĪȾ㿡һ˿ĬĬͶ޶
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ֱͷţɵԼǣȻǸɵ̻壡
ֻҪд֣˵ô˵ףȷʵΪˣ
ҲţˣҲҪ֮֮֮
Īɴ*ˣΪ˵δӣǵҵӣ
գգۣСɦԴûӾװ
ĳС
С̫ԼǸСӣ䶼ת׿ˡüӽͬŮŮȻһϻۣ
˷ˮҲòˣԺӶ˳Ŵŷ϶˱ͷĪСɣյöˡ
ѿ㣬㲻ۻؼҰɣ˵ԣ׳⣬ǹûأ϶Ũ߰ɣۻȥԺòã
Ǯѿ̿ˮҲҪԸذɣ˵ⲻҲѲɻԣ
ĪСɣֳ˳ϵıӣǸ׳Լ࣬
ɩȻҳԣҪסⱻడ
ǮѿǲںЩ޵ڶҵʱıˮϴϴöˣ
ô˵ģ˵Ǹɩݣϴ˸Ҳϴһ±ˡ
ĪСɣԼĴ㵣㻹Ҫð


184 δ

Ǯѿʱڳһ࣬ۺؿ
ɣã㲻˽⣬ѾûԴȥˣǮҾǸЦڴ˼ҶƲңǸ˷ǣ
ҵﱾҸϳҲ֪һֵûɻأһǮң˶ѹŮǣ﷢ֻ뷨ߡ
һ˵һĨᣬǽĪСɣ֪ˣѿ㣬ۼȥɶǵҴߣ
ǮѿҡͷȥùüңҲɰûûֵģܲһֱڹùüɩţɩ˺ӣҴĵط
û취ұлԼǵ׼ҴͬˣĻأ
תתôһȦӣҲֻͶ̺˵ģҲȽһ˳ȥǿɣ
ҾһŮӣͷ£ɣҲƫңҲѿɣǲ¾ֻ·һˣ
ĪСɣգ۾Զԣѿ˵˵ôأ
ͷһɤӣԷˣ
ĪСɣعǮѿɩгԷء
ǮѿûҲȥǸ˻ûҴȥģҿˣǰĹҧ˭ҧ˭
⻰ĪСɣùֲģҲΪѣ㲻Է
Ǯѿһ£Ժ˸ҶЩɺã
СֻӦҪԼȥԷˡ
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185 

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186 ĪҪ

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187 Ҳ

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188 ת

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189 ̫ɥ

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190 ֳˣ

е⣬ΪԽʰȻС尲Ÿôһͽųأ
ҲܹһһէϾ˼Ҷ࣬ƫƧСͷļôų
ġӵĻͷһӴͬɫεˣĵ̿ɱʱö࣡
Ҳϡ棬ҵһʱ뵽ס⣬ҪķһȦǸԺ˵߲ûˣ߿϶еģЩס
ӺһҲǸͷû緹ӻشȥˡ
ԹûʱĪɽţ˻ûǮϺǮѿһɡ
ĪɽͣﵣĴѿٸɽԸţ͹ˣҸǣ˺Ͷĸûء
ˣɩͬҲشһ˰ɣ˵հףǴɩֳȥʱ׼ҵļҶȥ˼һˣ˵㡣
һȻȻֳ
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ϧҲԼĶӳϢܿһȴΣͷһֳûһóģʮüˣԾһŵҲûС
ǰ״үֳϢĶӣٽ׻ߡ
Ϊ˰ƣüӱֳֺһңϧԼŮĻ¶ɰ״үһ
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ͨ͸Ҳûʲôֵˣֻǲ֪λֳ
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ָҪԺӣ˲û۴˹ȥɻԸżҶԺ˿ط֧˸*ȻֽǼء
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ʮĶСĵƤ类˳λ֧˸˶*Ա߻ͣźü޹ֺ˵ųСǲС
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ʵʮ㣬һĽۣ˲֪ǮƵģһѵ塢壬ͷϻŽڡ


191 

ϸϸһǰˣɲλֳ
ֻϵ龢ɹİģڼǻǵӵݣмԼ
ʱҵүСǿʫᣬҲȥȴû˴ȥλֳЦһСҲųȥʶ绹ǶѧЩĹ˵ֶȥɣ
һأӲƤŰԪͼһȥ˻ƻᡣ
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ĵֻаԪҹĽƣپǸǮѿ


192 ֪

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ֻҪһ룬ʰӲۼҽ檣ܰɣ


193 ֿ

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194 

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195 ף

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196 ·

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197 ϼ

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198 Ӳú

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199 ҹ

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200 

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壬𱨣СʱǼҼףֵǼ׳𣿣
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Ȼ˺Ͷĸϣѿһ֮ǱҲùˣжɺϳȥԶ㣬ҲǼҵԺӣֶ˵ģ
ĻʱǮѿ̧ͷĿԹؿϣʵЫǵˣҲŹ㣡
Ⱦ磬Ű׼ҵвȢΪ檣㻹ȥզȥأ
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ǮѿۣһùãͿűΥĵ۸Ŀԣǲܲҵѽ
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202 

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203 

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ĪҪͬ҆£ҪôӸϽˣҲӡ
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ǮȻһ֮ﶼһˣ⻹ˣϽò
ɳɳɣ綼㣬㰡ۿɲܶ˹ϵýǶģѿŸʲôϽߣ
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׳æסӵ֣ǮӣĪҪȢȢ㻹𣿡
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һԿĿɿڴӦҪ㣬һţǰ
׳ǮѿϽ˻סס
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204 ǽ

ǮӼ״ȫ˹ȥҲҪǮѿǮѿס׳֣׳Ҳ֣ðһͷߣ
ǿˣ׳άǮѿСӴûйŮˣòһ涯ġ
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ĪȾʵ벻ͨ׳ǲԿпӣŮҲҪⲻ鷳𣿣
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ţĪүȢǮӣպ㲻پˣǮҲΪĻ·һõģһģһá
ĵģɰѸҪѪ
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㲻ǮѿŸ׳Ůļ϶ø׳ǽݣ๫⣡
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ĪȾ̧ӣΪϿˣ
һۣҾӦʵƸ࣬ʡһծ
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ҲŲأҪǸҽʧĻ㣡


205 Ůɶ

ĪȾϽָġ
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Ц޷ʵҪĻоǴ͵ˮֻҪ׳ÿɽʱѲˮϾˣ˵׳ǺãҲǼ·
㣬Ը⣬Լסɽϣͽڴﵥסɡ
Ҳǡǳɣǻ鷳˺Īүȥҿط
ϾͶӶˣסɲУµȻǶס
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УҾȥ˵ҿСԺӡ
뵽ģҲӦˣҲҪɽȥá
ʱʱŸ׳ݿһɸֵջ𣬰ҡҡͷתȥˡ
ֱ緹ãƽɻĸ׳ûݡ
ĵعȥţ׳ɶأϽɶʱˣ
ҲһԷˣ
ĪȾǣݣҲˣȻż׳ŻܱܳĶ̹ӡ
զң
ݴûϢŮɶˣĪүͷ


206 

죬кϴԷҪݣǮѿ
ҪˣĪ˵Ҹģ
ŭǮѿͿſϣ˫ۻֱֵĪǱ飬õðɣ
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׳ҭסΪѵؿĪȾ㣬һѽƿȥͳǮѿɢ½һѽиǴ
ֵСӣûе֮ģѴͳȥ㲻ҪҼҴ׳Ҫأɶ
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ǴŭͷӣûϢĶҵˣϽҸϣҿҪҸ
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ͷڵĶСˣһȽݣǸĪȾϴ
ĪүˣҲãǸŲϾͰߣСٰǵۣ
̾˿к£һں๫еĻǾ뿪ɡ
û˵ʧɫع˵ϡ
ˣҪˣĪҪ߰
òײҵ֮ĪүദˣʵǲΪǸ뿪Ĳҵ֮
ˣĪүˣɣұ֤ϾͰԺ󶼲Сλ
üĪȾ㣺๫ҲʵûطȥҪȻ۾ٸһλᣬǮѿĲӣǰɣ
ĪȾȻǲᷴľȴ˼״ֱ׳ǣǮѿݲſڡ
ҷ޶ǿϲŴӦٸһλᣬϱٺ֣Ͳˡ
³Թ˷ǾʰɣҺϸҿط֮ǰͽд׳סţĲٽסˡ
ǮѿȳԣȾ磬ô飿ûͽߣҪסֲûзסΪҪס
˵ˣҲѾǵԸŸ׳ǻǷҪұſϰ
ءôôԭӦĽᷢޣȻ˱ĵزһأ
˵űҪŰϵĲ˵ȥ׳æס
ѿĪҪ벻ҲǲסҸһЩˣ֤ί
Ǯѿŭȥ˵ίƣҲŸһգ䵽ⲽأ㻹ôίأҳô󻹴ûסء
ĪȾǮѿûûƤ߼ĸԭúõģҲ뿪ȫ㲻ݲŻȥס
㻹˼˵˼ҽίǾίǾ͹ȥĪҪӣ
ǮѿݳһԹؿ


207 

Ⱦ磬ͿҰɣ㿴һŮӣΪѾ䵽ⲽأҪ㶼ңǾûˡ
ȻŰ泯ĪȾˣ˵־ҪȥĳС
˫ΣյؿĪȾ㣬Ȼͼس˫һǣǮѿʹȥһײ
ĪȾȳ⣺׳ߣ
׳ԸϽӦһǣĪүʹߡ
Ǯѿ׳Ҫ־ͽ˦ˡ
ҲߣҪԷ˵žӱһ
Ůʢͷᣬץ˸ͷҧ۾ɨϷˣֻ󼦵ͷһһֻؿĿһ߰һ͡
׳ʢ࣬ҭĻţ
׳ؿⷬٶֽ޴ؿĪȾ㣬һѽϼ˹ȥ
ûƤĶǸԵǸүСǳԵģ̫ˣϽߣ
Ǯѿż˫ס治ߡ
ұּңΪβܳԣҾͲߣ
׳һͷǺֳѿ˵ˣۿ߰ɡ
һѽƿסǮѿ־ϳһӡ
ҽûأݵĶ
׳ִǮѿ۵ظϽǮѿ
ˣߣߡ
Ǯѿڣһס죬ϴؽŪȥ
˿о徻˼֡
ǲĪȾǸ
ĪүˣʵǶԲסһء
˻֣˵˸üͷȥ׳úǮѿ֮ǰȱˣʵǲٿǮѿ
ͷǣˣˣҾȹȥʰһ¶Ժӵ»ĪүЩޡ
ʵߣҲϽ˵طø׳ǮѿסҲʡŮٶӦˣ
ǳ˷ȥǿȻشš
Ӧһʰȥˡ
ĪȾܿ˷üãɽȥˡ
ҵֱӱ⡣
ڴҿط˸һذɡ
бһۣãԽԽûˣҲУˣ
һˣ˼ȻΪ츣ˢģҲΪҵĳƺΪǣطɣ
粻ÿɷַʵɽϵķסҪСӹòѹҶˣ
Ҳû磺ǰҺ๫ӹúأû¸ʲôңˣΪĸĸ٣ؽ¶ģǿ˵ȥ
ʶˣЩңǷ˵Ҫù٣ҲΪΪ㣬ôҲӣΪ
룬ʵ˵ɣĻµиõİţȰ㻹ǳĪҶ˹ϵű֤ڡ
תߣȻ˲طǾԼҵطȥˣϣúʹǰ췿˵Щ޹ؽҪлУ
ջؿ˴*ֿĪȾͦεıӰ淢
ˣҳȥǼСǷ˶ĲƣҪӣ
һ£СӦڰĪȾȥ
뷢ǸںͷҲû£Ͼ˷λ췿زס
ڴڿȴǮѿ򱻸׳վʮԶĵطȻŮ
ӭǰĪүˣɸҵطˣ
ͷҲģ˽ǴӵԼѡλþС
㿴ɣԼѡľѡģֻҪп鹻Ŀյؾͳɡ
һȦÿͷһСյأָ̧һ¡
Ǳ߿˼ң
ĪȾǸλãûУǱ߿ԣǹȥöһ£н˵ĶСҪ˰ǮĶ֮ڵԺӻϲý̫˰𡣡
ţãǾͻСĵطܽסͳɡ
λãעĪȾŸ͸׳йȥо֮ˡ
ȥľｫõģˣŻɽȥ
ջصɽûһǮϾʹϲȵĪСɣһɽӭԺӣЦſ没
ϲȵˡ
ǮҲЦǺǿڣϲȵˣɩ
ϲȵǮʱϲһЦתģɰͰͽһɩ
ԴϿ˲֮⣬ﲻ֣ĵµϱˣ


208 ôѪ

Ǯϵûעϲȵ̬Ȳԣһۿ˰ǰı¨ͷװʱ
룬Ҫȥɶɽ𣿡
ͷһ׼õı¨˵ͷ
ţҺʹҪ˺ͷСɽЩõģǲȥɽûʲôҰޣҪǷܻɽǡ
ǮϻЩģȥҽжɺͬһȥɣﲻġ
뱾ҲǴԼȥɸ͸׳ָˣǮ˵жһǲԡ
ǺðҪûɶҪ£ǾͺһȥɣҪɵɽҲһЩ֡
Ǯϲ֪˵ɽʲôںͷĪСɣ֪˵ҪɽȥɽСһ
ҲҪȥɩɽɺóˣһأҲҪȥɣɻҲɺóˣ
ǮֵؿŮ֪ԳԳԣɽͷΣգһҵȥʲôңڼҿҪɶɽɻһ𣿡
ĪСɣҲǣҲҪɽˡ
ǺðɣɩһҪжǶһЩĺܺóԣ
ЦͷɳɳɣɣϲԣһҪɣɣһҪأǲɽɣԼ԰ͷժʲôʱʲôʱԡ
ĪСɣĵرסֱۣɩˣ
ͻȻ뵽ǮЩĸ
Щĸôˣпģ
ǮЩҩüͷ塣
Ǵĸ֣ȫֻˣһַˣ˵ĸӣ˺üֱӯӯģǰտûп
ЦĸϲȣɹţܽģֻҪǺӣҲ֣ȿ˻С̺ŵ㣬ǧˣǺôӶһЩ׬Ǯĺò·ء
Ǯ֣صͷҶأģҶá
ϲȵԭ˵˰ĻȻûȲ֪ĸʲôҲ֪С˵ɽɶסˡ
ͻȻֿϲȵҾͲкˣﻹɣҪǶ˿ˣֱԼŪԵģҺھͻش庰ɺһȥɽ
ϲȵûЩε̧ӣӦһš
Ҳûٶ±㺰ĪȾ˱ϱ¨شȥˡ
ɺ˵ҪɽҲȥɶ±ȥȡ˱¨һ׼һ¶ĵظųš
˳·ֱСɽķߣǱȴ첻٣ɽͰհָ㿪ʼɽ
æ˴ʱÿ˶˵жɽһ¨ӵɽã˵ɽûаô࣬Ҳ֪㡣
ذɣȥϽЩɽϣⶫܺûģɽ˴ǾԼˡ
˳˳˴壬ߵڲŷֵУĪȾɽϣϱ㽫ɽȡʼԣǮҲȥæ
ϻûͼɷɽܱߺ
ؼҰɩҪˣ
Ǯһվϵ
զأûӰ
ܴһͷĺ
Ƕɩˤһӣˣ֪զ죬ȥ
һ⻰ҲϽϵɽã๫ԺٽˮҺһȥơ
ĪѵûֹȥæӦһģͼ첽Ժȥ
ĪСɣϲȵЩ֪롣
û𣿡
Ǯϻͷһǰ꣬ιٻȥɣȥš
һ˻ȥǷǮϽںͷĪҡ
һԺдСУƺʹȥ
ȺһϴˣŽݡ
ãĪҪĺУӸûˡ
뱾һƬϣϾȻۿ
վ˵ۣ۵˲㣡ҪѶǶߣˤ
ˡ๫һ᲻Һú£Һ۰
ϳŰһͷָժȻתĪɣִ󺰴еؿ
ǮǰοĪ£Ī£ŮӶۣ￴զˣ
ǮϰһѣʪĸоһָֻһƬѪ죬ŵҲŴһ
ѪզôѪ
۽һ飬ǰһƿӣȻ³һ̯Ѫ
ˣˤˣøϽֹסѪųɣ
ŵɫһƬҰףԼҲһµѪˮȻ˫һӲιȥˡ


209 ӣ

Īɴʧɫɩʶʹȥˣզ°ɣʶ꣬ʶѡ
ֱϵȥסûãϽȥлͬ˵ϱѪúֹѪҩ
СˣȥɣͶĪҪţסˣȲŹȥȥСģòµġ
ǮĸϾܳԺӣһ·ǱȥΪ̫ܵˣ·ϻˤһӣƶʯӻˣϥҲۡ
һ뵽˲ˣֽܣٶܵ˰罨ĵطûͨͱ
бСѾһ磬һţͻȻȥȫһ
ֱӱ⣺磬ҽһã
ûȴ˳ȥֱԶ׺õ
һ¸Ͻ׷˳ȥҪҪؼҵ룬վס
ŲǲҪݳؼأһѽӿޣϳһǣݣ
̾С
ۿˣ룬ӣҵĳҪȥ
һ䣺ȥˣ£
һ԰߱˹ȥٶȲ㽫½ǶŵϽ±ײš
뵽ԼһѪֺ޲ܽݵ÷ļȣĻܰ᲻
ŮӱڹŹǰתҪ˵ûˤһ£ĺܵϣһ·Ͻݵ÷ɿ죬ܵӲûһӵʱ䡣
Ȼֱҩ̣ҸƷõУϵ˵и֮ǰˤˣҲأʰҩ
ֽݻشȥΪܵʵ̫ˣüβ߷бߵλ˳¡
һҩ䣬Ժקͷ޺
УˣһҪѺ˳Ľܽв£ղܵһӱģ
һ·Ϻط˷
ǰ֪һˡ
ǮҲ˲ʲôܻˣϳнȥ
нݣ֮ɫء
ܲãѾʧѪˣôСأʡʡɣȻСǶҪס
ǮԴ󾪣ǺãУһҪҶϱͺӵ
Ҳû˵תҩȡһҩϽȥˮðˮɣϸȥֹסѪ»δʱ򣬲غˣҩ֮ٳЩһ񣬴Ƿ쿪˲
Ǯҩܵ䣬Ѿˮˣﲻһο
밡ÿ㣬ȻﶼˣŶ˵ˣǲɡȶˣҺôи
һŻһ߰οǮϡ
£ô˵ÿɻã
ǮϰеĻѧһ飬Ҳ˿Һò٣죬ˮˣϽðҩϣٸŪЩԵģֱ𶶣ɡ
ǮŻˣҩ򲻿ʢ˿ˮҩ򿪵ÿӽŻֻ뵹˵ҩ¶ȸպãǮϡ
ȥúˣٸ棬ϼ
Ǯҩɿػݣιȥ
иţҲлˣʧѪоЩľ۶ûôˣҲЩ
ĪϵַҲ񲻼û˯ѯС
УҼ䣬ڷҲŲˣ
̾˿Ҫô˵ãʧѪ࣬ǲܿЩֹסѪҲסˣĪ˵Ҫӣ
Ī۵ᶼҪˣУɵþȾҼӰ
Ҫɢ˵ϹͷȱţⲻҩѾˣòʱѪֹסٸһҵķԸӴԼҲƽ¡
˵ԼҪסʱֽкнĻһЩʵڲãֻˡ
ĪʣУ˯𣿡
иЦ˯ű˯ֻһѪֹסˣҪѡ
ԲŲܵǲҪѣֻȫƣòУһվͿĪ˯˹ȥ
ڳͷһæߦϸϸôлˣͷһСθ˲Σʢһ˵
ǮϺŶڽŹעϵĳѪѪֹסˡ
п˿棬˵ͷã˲β񣬺ʺԣЩ²ӡ


210 

ͷлУ˽ͷĪɸϽֽ˹ȥ
ϻԶ٣ʾȱι
Ȱһ£ûͻˣóʿڡ
ְŵԱСϣϣ
ȻϣûһϾͱʹĥˣȽиιЩˮȻų档
ϱǶӶŪԵģСĲˤһôѪ䣬պȺһ˸⣬ǻЩ
ע⵽վһԣͻȻˣָ̧סǮϸ״
ѶɸˣҲŻˤһӣﰡɵøҶĺӶˣ
Ǯһ⻰Ͳˣʶ꣬Ҫ˵㡭
û˵ھͱ볶һѡ
ҲԣҲʱжɽ˵ûҲãҲˣչ˺ȥˮȥõš
ǮϱίжɸһɽҸղŻǰȥصУȻָȥϣû׼ûǾĴϾȻָ˼ң
ɰ벻ϣôҲö˵ֻð±
ʶ꣬ĪЩˣú񣬵޻Ҫء
û뵽ϴôʹ죬Ҳûǰ綮¹ɣҲûٶ˵ֻسǮί
ҺüʱҷҪˣΪҵ治أ
ҵνͶңҲǿҶи̰
ǮҲ֪˿࣬ŵòᣬҲͲٿŶӻСˣְֻ
ɵӣĪ£㲻µģҲ£ԹԵŵۣ㶨ܰѺĸƽƽ
Űο๫ţиţһֱţǿʹûϹУֱһʱʹԽԽҲ٣̲ס
ڣٺЩˮţĪҪ󺰴УỹûʱٺҲţĪҪƽ׺
ǮϰշԸָˮжιϣһǸϱǰҪк
ӹһʱǮ϶ҪˣŲϲǷ쿪ˣˣ
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ܽˣһŵָʹһ໽˸ʹ졣
ʮ㣬Ű˵ͷôо񣬿ûˣÿǰ㼱һȻСɵһӿ޵ġ
ָ̧ڴһ˵ЩŮӲף˺ú
д˸ɳɳɣĪ˫Ĳ߶ˣ
ЦİɣֻҪ˳ٲģ
ͷŴ󺰣ӵͷˣ
ĪĪţʹˡӴιСӣզʹ죿
ˣͷϲõƴ*죬ӡۣ
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뽫Ŷ˳ˮ˳ȥֶ˸ɾͽȥ˺üˣǰѺӺ϶ʰˣŽӷ£˲ͷϵĺǮһͿгȥ
ϻúúϾʧôѪҪЩõĲһ
Ǯ£леľ֮
뱾ټͻȥһȴ֡
ҿɲˣ˵תǮϣϱɻǰҵüҪܷˣͷһδֻһյĹǱأˣ
ЦУүӣһΪ˾Ҫ˵öգ
ҡͷ̾ǵǣˣЩҪÿ⳵ûȻ˭иءϽģǮ
ΣûӣҪô»ȥϸȥˣҲ֪Ҽģһ׼ٲģ
ָָ̧СӣҷˣǾ͵ȥţ
춼ˣǮĺ˼ԼţϣתͷĪ
ɰɽȥţлȥ
ӦһɿسɽȥĪСɣϲȵѾˣǮְɽˣϲȵЩˡ
ⲻֳɵզȥţѽ
ǮϿһۣ˼˵ģɩûȥء룬Ȼв͸ϽѳͻȥɣĪҪлл硣
û˵ֻ˸ͷֹȥǣƱĥһ£оرۣһ۲ŷϱʯƵĿӶˣŪˮƼˡ
ǮϿĿȥֿһۣʱŴ۾۵Сϵˡ


211 ¾

զôĿӰˣզҲ֨
ϲȵشչȥһۣԵƲ졣
֣ûµģƤ˶ѣӵʹԶˣȥȻֱӻɽˣûȥ˴ɺͺǵġ
ǮϺ۵ص˵ͷãذɣĪҪϵҩ
˵͵뵽оһԣλŸϽֺס룺밡ȵȣиһ°ɣ
ЦЦû£СһͷԼЩҩһ¾ͺˣͷˡ
ʱ磬Żؼңûٶ˵ȥʡ£ͬ涼ֻѳ͹ȥ򣬽֪һ㲻ˡ
ߵھĪɡ
ĳпǰ֣ӣզŪôΪҪˣ˵žĵˣ̧һʱ۵Ҫ
ӣզŪҲǣӾͲ㵱ˣֶˣ˵ȥ
Ͻ˳ס๫£ϹˣԼһˤƵġˣҹ۵ģɽȥɡ
ĪȾС֣ջۡ
ܿˣ֪ΪȻȥ£ŪԸһˡ
û˵ְַ·ҲһȳһգϽסͷȹϥǴ
˵ƿȹǣȻϥҲˣһƬͷѪ۵
ӣΪȥ
뿴תǰһףһۣҲûֱ㱧˼Ҳӡ
ҿ๫˰ҳٰҸˤˣ
ĪȾ㱳ߣӶΪеýҲʶʶ
ǺЦǾͿ๫㵽Σ
˱û߳һٲͿʼҪɽߣȾͿʼˡ
ЦòУ๫ˣɡ
ĪȾ㻹ڴ֣ΪУ
°ۻˣԼԼ߰ɣҪǰѪˣôʱĵǶ׷ˣ
ĪȾɥַסӣΪܣС¶á
һۣ㱾ֲú
˵ĳжʱһ񣺡Ϊ˵ѧڹҲģӣΪѧ㹦򣡡
뱻Цаѧ£ǼҾͲ¶۸ˣ˭۸Ͱ˭ɣ
⻰ֱĳãΪȥ
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룺ڹô𣿡֪𣿡
ĪȾ㱻סԼĶӣžͷɣ
룺ҿˣʲôʱʦָɡ
ƫҪ֣Ϊһ£û׼ԸҵҲ˵
ҰɣҶӶˣǳԷҪ
ǺصĳŮʱͼһջһ߲ͣĶӡ
һû룬ҲͷգӣСҲ̧˵Сӣл
ĪҪѾˣ¾еĳˡ
ĪȾ˳ӣϹ˵żˣǶӶҵ
СӲԵͷɽ𣿡
ĳԼֻ̫׻׻̵ﲻأڹĸԴڣֳʳ߲ˡ
СӰ붮ص˵ͷڹ𣿡
ĪȾһͷߣڹڵĹڹ򣬻ӱ
˵ܼӱʱΪ˷ܵ
ŶŶ̫ඣҲҪڹҲҪӱñף
ĳΪȻǺãͬһԺ¾ɡ
ԽԽף̲סʣ๫ĵ֪ڹ֮£
ĪȾһػΪնһ飬ͷ˵¾ڵرҲ޳ڵ绽꣬Ӷܣ
Ϊˣ绽رֻǿ屣޶Ȼѡ
룺
ˣǱֹ¸ݱѽǵøϽ׬ǮʦҪ
ԹɫѺ͸Ī²ͷ⿴˺üأڷңϽôĶӣүһݡ
Цؿһʯͷģͷʼϥ
ûһȻҲ˳ɵڸɶ
˵¾Һˣ
еʧȥĻ˯ĳвͣ߶
ûʱȻ߶˯ˣֱڶռв͵˹
һ߾ȻûˣСڣѲͷһޣڹɣԴҲ±ƣǲ¶ۣ


212 ֻԼ

ҴžͿ˫Ŷҡҡλ˹СһɫһƬҵɰһȥӱ
ôˣ
СʮίغһףܶˣӺѽ
뿴˿Ժŵʯͷͬһޣ
ҡͷûУ˯ˣõ˶ãûҵͶˣһֱܵء۰
˵ͼĪȾҲһŶӣһַŷɽǽéǱת˳
ûǿȥҲһƬɫϸݵӵ˼֡
ӣΪԼʺڹȻܶˣ
Ҳһɫð˳ɵҪ˵⹦ˣӦģ˺ԲŻϡ
ΪȻ˵๫ɱˣҪɣڹûɣҪճ鹧
˵ͰӴһף
ϽѶӷ£СһŶӳéȥ
ΣֻȥǰЩֹкˮÿ˹ȥſȺʱǺˡ
ƺ˵ܶӰޣﲻסЦڵ
ЦһȻɵ˵Ĳȥҵɵ˵׼ûĳ뾹
ҲǿЦã˭ôɵ黹ȥԵ治ףҪˣڻ˷㣬Ҹʦָ㣬Ҳ١
ĪȾͻȻȥһ鷭š
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213 

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214 ˵

һģƺõȵһȥϣĪȾڼŪǸѡ
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215 Ѿ

ĪȾʧɫ㡭㲻֪ܣϽ߿
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216 Ĺ

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217 ʽ޸ģ

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˶ϲڰڣߴӣԼʵǱﺦˣΪǵ⣬ֻҪͬȾ˯ˣܲˣ
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ţǮѿϽԼҵã澵ӶԾԼģҲôɣ
˶ͷײİѿЩһŵ͵Ķ쵰˫ϸĵ۾ӺСͺ⣬֮ǰ๫оرҲ飬ûòϡ
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оǼƣŮ·۾ͷһԼţΪС㣬ܴŹɸһȵİѵϲľİӣ
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ֵƵ̫ļãͼ֮ȾͬһСĸ飬ڴˣ


218 ͼ֮ޣ

Ѹ߼ĸӶñץӶûˣӿô
뵽ǮѿȻһЩţֳùÿ϶ݲˣôأû˹ùɽڿɽ嶼û̸ָֺͼ֮
Ǯѿ˫ֱסײͷ۵ֱ˻ŬԼ򶨣ܻţҪ취һа취ġ
ԲĪȾ㣬ǱӦˣƾô˰룬ռȵŮˣ˺޵ΪʲôϽذ׼ȥ
µҸȫӦģࣿҪŮʵǲף
ϾȾĪ¶رŮ׬Ǯı£뽫ֵӮùشӸӮ˰ųɡ
ҪôӮŮأ׬Ǯ׬Ǯﻹ޵Ī
ԣҪȥֺùùãһðڳһʹʮӣùǸӦú׾ܴﵽĿļ޸Ⱦ磬ֻ檣͵öЩ˼ųɡ
Ů͸֮˾Ҫ֮£ʰǮϵĺøС
ִԺðͷԶָָ㣬ǮѿֻĿбӵԼ·°ø߸ߵģͦñֱڳһʺܶׯصģԴǰ˹ȥ
ǮڶɷտӣͻȻǮѿк
ùãùڼǴѿǸеġ
Ǯһķֻˣǲؽӽϣתݡ
զˣ˵ǹֶԵѾ
Ǯѿһصͷȥùã֪ҲãʧˣҲǹϣһźȾһ𣬽˲ٵĴҽչǿǸģ
Ǯϱ̬ⷬһǻɵ´ŸЦ
ˣô۶ӣĪҪװǻƣæأûй㣡
ǮѿȦһ죬ƺ֪ܲؽ˫֣۳Ҫˡ
ùãҷű׳ײȥһѹұĵ˼ǰʶԼĴ󡭡
ǸģʵȾԭҲұ⣬ҵңҶҪ跨޸Ⱦ磬ܽĪҶǮҶЩġ
Ҳ֪ǮҵӲùֻڴָ㣬ҵ游ĸû棬ҵŻֻƵİ취Ҽ޵
ùã֪һֱҵģҲãҲΪ˽ôʧ
ιȥһƵģͻȻ󳹴ΪʲôܽȾңʧȥ۰̫Ӧˣ
ѾͨˣҲȥȥȾ磬ҪúõԼΪ˼Щ۵£һᣬ˫֣ʲôԼΪʲôһҪδϣǵѹȾҲΪѡ
ԹùãҹֻǸҲûϵҾͻǰɽ壬ȥͬҵ˵ҲǺҵĻˣҪԼúù
Ǯ㶵˵ôһƪĻڹ֮ǣʵǴΪ⣬Ⱥ£˷ƵֶŮһأͻȻͻڹˣ
ѿĪҪҺƭǻڸˣǾͺ͸׳Ӱɣ˵ôԼ˸׳ãٽ˼ʧ
Ǯѿһûڣùã˵Ҿǽи׳ײεģȫΪҵʱ̫嶯ڲԣӱ۵˵ȥˡ
˸պҪĸ׽ߣ׳ͳҼˣӲײңȻѹͲ֪ȥˡ
ڳʹ֮ɫ˵ǮһȻ
߼ĸץˣˣѿ˵ôãŪزʵ̫ˣ
Ǯѿù˵ûңôôأ׳ôãȴһʱʧԺô찡
Ǯϵһۣڻô죿ǱˣǾȲˣȻؼȥɣͷȥɩʣܲܰȻ취ǲܣҲֻܹԸˣ
ææ߶߶Σǲ֪з£˵׳͸ܱץߣҲʵϻ𣬾Ǯѿ˵úҲǲŵģ¸׳ˣǶɩҪⷢӣ
Ǯѿǹɣͷţùã¾ͰˣҲ˳ȾɩӵǸʵûҾȻǰɽˡ
ǮϱͻȻ󳹴ֱһ񣬵תˡ


219 ׷Ļ޸ģ

ǮŽɵػݣͬϺĪСɣ˽һϲȵһɽһιҰ˵𲻿˼֮¡
ɽϲȵݶûֱȦȥˣǮҲû⣬Ͻݣͬ˵¡
뻹Ǯϵ֪߼ĸӳ£λ֪˸߼ĸӱ۵»ܲ£
׳ҲǣôʲôǮѿ˵ⲻǸԼҲ
룬ѿеˣұ֤ɣҴǸ˵ŮĻ𣿡
üôưոݣҹˣʲô»УɲҪ
Ǯϵͷѿôඪ˵Ҷû֪ڹãǲȻҶģģ
˵밲Ĳ٣ɻЩġ
߼ĸץˣǮѿĻֳ⣬ɵãû׼˺Ͷĸ
ǮҲһϻ𣺡ѽ㿴ܸܲ˵ûѸ׳ˣܻҲˡ
ȫλˡ
¿²ʵǴΪ㹦٣ץ۵˽ȥ˵ǿĻᣬǲ׷Źġ
Ǯγ̾ѿ̫ʡˣ˵˿ûƽ׺˼ĸ
ҲЩǸΣѸ͸׳Ūû׼˼һúõڿջۣĵù¡
Կɣܰ˾ȻãǲܣҲþģϾҴشģڳҲΡ
Ǯַο㲻룬ֻҪͳɣǻǹ˺ԸҪĪҪΪ˳ԲҪĿ
ЦǰŴˣ֪ˣİɣҲ벻ΪΪԼˡ
Ǯֺһ뵽ͷжϱҪ̺򣬱ˡ
ĥһ¸ĸӵ£ȥ飬Ȼ󣬵ֱܹȥϵŴͨһ»л˸Ū
ȻٲҪЩǮƽ޹ҪƲƣùģԸǮѿҪڣȻԲŮ˿
ֱʱĪȾ㻺˯һ˻Щµɣ뵽֮ǰ£Ͻææܵȥ͡
ӣΪվûԲӵ£˸һ裬Ҳ˵Ҳ׼ӣΪֻúˣȻȫ
Բһǡ
ˣû㣬һ֪ĹȻߥǮѿȥֲҪ£ң
Ȼ㣬ȴܲ㣬ǻôɵĵҿɲ㣡
֪һֿ㻹ĵҲ̫ûˣ»㣬κ¶˵
ĪȾͷΪĴΪ̫ӽѵǣΪ»ؾԲٷͬĴ
ϴ̬ʵǺãҲûټѵˣһջһָյᡣ
ǮѿһϷһʯͷԼĽţһҲǰ׷Ļ˼Сڰû
ڶһĪȾźȥϣһҪȵĲϣپȥʸ߼ĸӵ
ſֻòվ⣬ŵĴһĽţ߸ߵ̨ףֻʨӶ࣬һׯµĸо
Ѱٻſڴյģ뵹ǲ£ţǰʡ
ٲ磬¶
òüò֮иһЩ
Сʺ£
ֱԣտɽ£Ǹӱ۵֪ˣ
ò֪¶ִһ
Ǽҵ
ҡͷֵͷҲǣֻǴùϵѣλɷֱԣ
һ˵һߴһһ
òӵӣϽһȦû˿ŽС
һ˵Сʵ㼰ʱ»żȥ̽ҲǲܣҪͨһͷɶ
ͷףֻǲ֪˿ɱŴйˣδõģ
һò̾˿һǴ˵͸ˣǺҪȥҪۣСֻˡ
ǺӣѾϱͷıӪҲɽ˹һ׮ǾƲٷŵġ
Ǹ˵ָ


220 ˵ļƲ

ϾֳֻۣͷֻҪʹǿȥ̵ģչҲ£ѾҪ٣ֻСӲʹ˴
ˣѸ׳Ūǲܵģ˱͵ѾڱӪ˰ȥӾǱֱ׷飬һûȨٷˡ
ֻͬ൱ڱиͶ죬ʱֳͷǿ̷ģŴʱչǮˣںı͡
뽫Ǹ˸λҪӣ
òʵʵ˵ǿɶˣҪ⸾˱õۣһҪʮǸ꣬ûһ뽫Ūߡ
һȻôѽ
òֶһۣҲûԵķӣСӿɷԵƬ̣ҲҪһٸ𸴡
뿴Ҫ֧Լֵͬ˽˵£Ǻʶظһ
Ǻã񸾺񸾵๫ȥǼҲ¥ȶλɣ
òʮָͨ͸˵ͷ
С룬ǴԼаʱֵʱȥ㡣
뵱¸ǣĪȾȥҪĶȻŴźһȥ¥ò
Ȼ˴ʱ֮òһͬȥ˲¥һ´ְͦ࣬ʾĪȾȥ¥ż䣬ֱΧû˲ſڡ
Ŵ֮һ£Ǹ˱ۡ
˵ãȥǴ˰£ǱҪͨһҲҪϰʮӣ
СǲЩǮģҲΪӱ۶ˡ
ͷλʵӢ񸾵ȷûôӣ֪λɻбָ㣿
һòĪȾһۣǿóλҲʵˣȷʵǸˣһ£ǻ߿ԸƲߡ
ĪȾʮعһ֣ǾͶλˣλֻ˵ҷ޶ֻҪõ֤λָ¡
ò̬ʮ⡣
ҪðգһͷǸϣװͻȻУȻһܷǾܽʬ׸ŪʱǱܽˡ
ɣһǴûݣٱ׽ȥô죿
òһЦ޷ֻ轫˵ǴˣɸūҲȸҪǿɣҸ˻ûעūͷҲˡ
Ƕλͬ˰ţֵֻܶʮӱɣūһã֤ºκţǿΣ
ò׵˴µĽ취ǼȻӦܸŪ»ǾһؼǲŻʮӱ̳ܽȷǿС
뵱ͷǾͶλˣԼøʱ䣬λ˺ͻǣҷ޶˱㽫ʮӷϡ
òӦҲָˣϾòҲ׬ǮôһֽţȴǲҪ󹦷
˼˵ĶúܣѾͷ˴ȥעĶҳһʮ׵֣ÿܷϺüٺ»ˡ
˫ش˹ʶֻٴǽŴͬ˵԰źˡ
ֻ˰Ӵͨڣò׽ŴΡ
İ֮ͨһ͹˵ϣµذ롣
ˣ֪ƣҲȾȴ׳ɣȥӾֳȫǴӾģҲٽҲȥ
뷢ضŸҷŵĻҲˣѾͷǲٸĵˣô
ʹҡͷˣȻҿⷽʽȥ׳ѵҲһˣͲٴӾ𣿡
Цõؿ鲻ô򵥣ֻǸѰҲ˶ϸļ飬׳ͬǼȻ飬㲻ûسǵǾǺŪ˵ģ
һɾһˣǶȥӾҪͷ룬
㵵ؿĻ𣿡
οڣѵƭ𣿵ϣһȳȥôģ
㲻ſЩģ׳ȥӾҲû⣬ӴӾҲһ·ֳ׳ű˺ƣµ㹦ѫû׼պ㻹մĹкӹأ
ĸôã
Ȼĸ׳ȴǺͷҪѹˣ˵öԣǺãֳ͵ȥӾûǶгһܻúТģ
ֶӲãҲǮѿңҺ÷壬ȣ˵İſЩȥɣȻҪھˣ


221 ļٵģޣ

ӱˣﻹٿ㣬ҪѺˣﲻһʱհɣ㱻Ѻߣշ˵İųȥ
ɵüס˵Ļ˾һҪԼǵﻹڵТ
Ļ䱥ŴĸĲᣬټ˿һͷ׵ͷմŸɺԵѪҵɢϣʵǽ˿Ĳ̡
Ҳˮתͷ̸׳
׳˾Ҫ£ҪסսҲãԮҲգ೤ЩǶͳߣܰȫЩҲܶЩͷĻᡣ
׳ͷˣҼˣӦЩгһܹ
ᣬ͸ЦЦ
ˣ۾˵ȴ׳£Ҳ̫ѹˣҺ๫ĳʳǶѶӳԱķſһкӹģ
ӺӷֳݣĽ׳ٵĽ뿪Ρ
ĪȾͬͷһſڣ˿лͷȻ뿪ţͬòϣ˱شȥˡ
ȥϵʱǮѿֱǮǮɩ͵Ǯǰ
ǮϾһͷɫѿɩΪؽݣֻܸһȥ
ѿҿɹܲˣҼˣЩǮǰ׷ѣ
Ǯüͷɸ̾˿ĿεؿǮѿ
ԱǮɩп˿ڣӣˣǲѿµģѿֻǲǰɽ壬ߵź๫
ǮҲ˵ͷѾͷҲ뿪ˣ󲻻ϹڣİɣȾҲٴѾˡ
ǮϲŵؿǮѿȴһ˳ؾصϣĿ΢Цʩһ
ùãһȥѾͬ˵ˣĲپȾ硣
ˣҲٺˣڹȥҵĲ֮ùԭһΣ
ôЩ£Ѿ󳹴ǿŤĹϲ𣬸ҵĲҵģҵǿҲʧ
ȥҲ£һúùĻúùӣٳЩʵʵˡ
˵رϿңǰǮЩֲˡ
Ǯɩֿ˿ڣӣֻǻһ£ץˣҲûܸѿǻҪס
ǮҲٶ̾˿ҺɩӲͷƤһΣӰѿǳĻڹҪȸ׳Ϳõһλɣ㲻ˣֻܰϻȥ
ǮɩԵһۣ˵ģѿĻڹˣһҪȹӣզܽӸȥأ
ⶼǵˣиôʧȥô˿ˮ·һҲ̧ͷ˰
ӣ㴺ѿһ£ôòԡĵطֻܰ׹Ů̱ܽǣҺû
ҲѿǰţǼҲΪһֱŲͬȾĻԼľķˣܵø᲻ǣ
˵תŮѿϽлùã
Ǯѿ˳ӵֳǮһ񣺡ùãѿָмٸѿһ˵Ļᣬһٽʧ
Ǯϱһڸ˵ð岻ϻ˵»ǲŴѿתԣ룬ͻȻתҲǲŵģ˶ã
û׼ѿҲ¶ˣ͸ˣҲأ
ȱûңѿʱǿԣҲðѳ˵ǰͷǵĹˣٲĥɣұ뷨úá
ֻǿ˵˵ͷֿʼ裬Щ֮£ҿǵˣɺϱǱˣǶȡʱǿĪҪң
ǮǮɩԳ˳飬ȻŮͻȻתҲЩ׼ɻӲͷƤЦЦ
ķģѿĻڸģȻȥȾӡ
ǰӣҲൢʱˣѿˣֻܰ׹ŮһզզܣҺȻˣ
˵߾ߣվȥһǮϿܰǹŮٸӲȥļƣ
ǮѿڳһĲТ˳͡
߰ұ֤ԹùõĻϲΪҵģ׳ˣͬһȥǡ
ǮϸһԣĬĬһ˵ԻسԺӣֱǮѿתЦ
ùãɶҪҸɵֱ˵һúøɡ
Ǯϣļٵģ


222 Ӯң޸ģ

ǮϣͬɣסһݰɣԸʰһ£ɣɶҪæģǲ岻֣Ҳᡣ
û˵ǮѿЦùãզѽڼʱüأȥӦɩͺӰɣæľͳɡ
ǮҲУֻҪи˿ȥɽ£ӾͿӡ
ȥݰɣҵȥʶ
ǮѿʹӦһùȥɡ
˵תӯĽŲȥĪǱ᷿
ǮϳǸͦõģֻԸͨˣַֹܰӡ
ǮѿͬŵĻݣϽְǰѹڡ
ѿ㣬ɶ㰡
Ǯѿ󷽷齱ϡ
ʶӣΪùģ㻹ǽҴѿɣûҪڳƺϽйùò졣
ϲͼҲûƽϣⶼ˵ؼ㣬պסˣҲˣۼԺСֳף㲻˶༷û𣿡
Ǯѿеؿ˿˯ߵСޡ
֪㵣ҲԸˣģҲŹģ˵ЩģǵȻ㡣
ΪȻɲǣ˵ҾͺѶɽߣĻᾭգж˵ˣٳƬҾ͵
Ǯѿ⻰лɳã˿Ź
ΪͬοϣҺû£ɩѲк󸣣в壬ҪⱨӦҲļȺúӣȰʰҲ١
µȷģʱʧѪ࣬ӻš
˵öԣǰɶû˲Ҳʹ类־ͣŴ
쳤վһᱩ¶ԣʹҲϹӣܻῴģʱ룬ҿôţ
ǮѿΪͬظͣͶˣһСֻԼмֱ£ܸ׬ǮùòŻҶҲı£˵ùûƫ𣿡
һ̾ǡ׬Ǯı治
ǮѿһЦǲҲҲѽǿһ廨᲻᣿
ϵͷǻЩúܺá
Ǯѿο岻ûϵֻҪͳˣҴˣرĵӣĵɰ˵ֻҪĵжٶ
»δ˵ֻҪǼӽһЩŷһ򣬻׬𣿡
Щţ˵Ŀɵ棿
ǮѿгһۣǲţǾƺˣ϶׬Ǯ
ǿܵϵȥķСʮӵĺô͵͵顣
˵ҲǴϰͬǹĿʱͲˮ͵ģû֪
ǮѿüãøϽһЩò˼շͷͻᴵóȥ׬һǮúøùÿı£
֮ԱһľѣҴһصǮȾΪͬˣûӵϺ͸սŵϲȵԼ¡
ץ¸ıֳˣǮһ߿һۣԭǮϾͦģȷȰ׬Ǯı»Ҫףû׼ʱͻὫݵ
ϾƢԿɲôְԵȥóô꣬׼˸ǿɶ񣬻ɴ˲зϣùú͹һ鼫ãͲͷûڰŰ룡Ϊ׬ǮҲŻί߰ˡ
ȵǮϸоҪʱ򣬿϶
û˰룬ȾȻῴĺãϴԭ£ԲԭһҲҪúúһ幼Լж಻ԣҲץӸε뾡취ֺԼȻΪѵؽ
Ⱦ綨ӱϧĺãһӶ̤أĸԸȹ֮ʹҸСӣ
ӮңȥΪԸ¼Ļаϧ
ǧ򲻸ãǲ̫ļ˵ļƲߣҪȰ췹ýĪҹԹӭţЩͰңҪҲࡣ
ɲ֪ǮѿְΣĪȾصֱӾͻɽϵļңصĲƳȻѾõı̣ϳԷ֮ǰ˰ʮȡ
Щ㹻ѸȳˣٽжɻȥسǣЩٻͿʼú׬Ǯ
˱ĪȾ˴ӣȥż֪һ
ĳһԺÿǮѿĪüͷһ壬ĪȾ׽С֡


223 Ȼ󲨣޸ģ

ǮѿҲ΢΢һתתȻ𿪣ƺܲмƵĳǱȥ
ĪȾĪضһۣͬ㲻ǮѿʲôӦ
ʲôӦûĿģ캰һأ
Ǯкһǣˣء
ֱ̧䣬ĪȾҲ˹ȥ˽ݣǮˮǰæ
ôæ
ǮЦЦⲻúţҲܳһ£ɣϲȵæЩҲ۵ģ춼һĺѰ˼յˮϴϴȻ˯
ЦüۿǮϣã
Ǯϱֱֻ֣Ҫһ˶Ĺӣ۵Ҳˣ
ͷţҺʹɹ˵ȵ£¶Ҳˣɺ˭й򣬽ɽ׳ȥسͷٻɣȻǹָǵ׬Ǯʵ̫ˡ
Ǯ׬ǮأвӦĵ
üЦصͷúúãҾ͵أ۳յ²ʳҲԶˣҲСµĹУɵüӽ
վͽһȥɣɶĶ˲٣ɣϲȵ̺򣬼ҲҡˣѿҲء
뵽ǮѿǮɫЩӵشսӺϱ
ѿƺЩͬˣտ˴ĺӣûɶͷģ
ﱾҲ˺Ͷĸ˵Ҫȸ׳ԸҲ֤ٲĥˣŰ¡
֪ǮǱ߲ưոݣȻûҪǮЩԤϡ
Ǯѿı仯ûǮôֹۣŮ˲ڰдʲôأҲ£воˡ
ȻѾˣǾ͵ԸĸĹ˰ɡ
Һ๫ȥŴʹ׳һʱǻزѾ˳ҪҲõȴʤʱ
ӴܻãҪһֱǮѿڼǽ͸סһȥȻҪȸ׳ͬһҲӦġ
ǮȴЩΪѣԸͬѿסһúѿˣסһ㲻Ҫ
ЦЦǵҲǣҾʼסҲǸ¶ﻹɡ
Ǯ̾ҲòǸ¶һӶ˵Ҫȸ׳ҲܲȣҪȻٳЩǮСԺ
ǮһۣжǮõǣõ㣬Լҵӻˣ
ҲѹֹȥǮϻѼǮĪȾ㣬ʵ̫ˣ
ǮЩΣզأҲǲ֪զźˡ
˵ͻȻһ죬Ǯѿ˽Ŀĵؿ롣
룬û뵽ͷСˣĺˣǲʹùҪǮõģΪֻһ˻׬Ǯ
ùãֻܵպѿТɣҼȻѾ˵ҪĹǾ;Բȥһٻ׬Ǯ
Ⱦ磬ҹһȥҲԣҲӦþ㣬ұ֤ȥˣҲɩӵ˴ˣҪС֮ĵڱң
ˣ˵ľЩǲţǾưɣ
һذѻ˵꣬תֳǼƾίòվһԼƵģľ
ǶĪȾ̬ȣҲûǰŪȻΡ
˳ĪȾ㣬ĳƲƲÿĴǣʵǿǮѿͲӦˡ
ǮҲЩŮֳɶأ
ЦЦҪ˵ҲˮտˣҲЪɣҺʹȻˡ
Ǯϵͷɣ·ϺڣСģһҾͽжɺɽȥ׳
˱ĪɺͰǣֵسԺӣȻɽȥˡ
ǮѿΪղŵıһ⼸Ȼ󲨣˶ᾪĸı䣡ĪȾ㣬ԼͻȻ˿϶Ȥ
ʵȻǮڣ˳˶ղͻȻðҰŽŸоͼɻ֮⣬û뷨
ڶĪɺĪһȥسǣǮϱĪСɣϲȵһɽ̺ЩģϸպϲȵӲˬһɫɷף۵ֱӡ
ͬǮ˵ˣιĻǵͬӶൣЩϱڼһա
ǮǸƵϱȻǲٽۡ
ֻɽȥ̺û˸̺ˣΪʱǮѿ˵չϣǮϷģһչ˺ãǮϱչ񽻸
ǮϺĪСɣһţǮѿͰϲȵҲкݣŮ˾һʼ׬Ǯơ


224 Уޣ

Ǯѿֽĵ˵һ飬һ±Ƶϲȵǧͬ˵ñ׬ǮĻᡣ
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ѿ㣬Ǻܺã˼Ҳϲĵǿô찡
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صؽһ⣬ϲȵһһĹĶǶ
ҲĵģôÿɣһʱģǲǺܺÿóȻ
ϺϲȵⶫһЧǮѿ⣡
Ϻϲȵһ̣òǲãǮѿٶҲ̫ḡ˰ɣô˵Ѿͽѽ˿ء
ѿ㣬Ҿⶫûɣϴö಻˼
ϲȵСͬǮѿʶлֱ˵ˣǮѿһۡ
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ǡǾЩ׬ǮֻҪÿ죬һʮɰҲû⣡
Ǯѿʮֿ϶صͷûϲȵǾ׬ǮĵͼˣȥǴԵģ֤ǿһֱ׬Ǯ
׬ǮǾ֪ˣɱȰɽƴףͲ˵£ȫɥĵ£ҪܱӦ
ϲȵһ˵ߣǸŮŻ׬ǮΪԼ˲
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СҡͷǲãүпСԼĿɡ
ƺ϶벻ǺӣֱӷԺſڵĵϣȻ˿ֵүүС㣬ǻү˼ϽͬĪɺ룬ջٸһⶫ
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˵˵תܵ£ſϿ
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ĪȾ˵Ѿ׼ɻǱǲ̵ľ󾪵һ*˵ϣҲ˲ɷס
͵뵽ⶫԲܽӿȻöģ
æֽСӷɿظϣܡ
̧ͷȥֻǰδеٶɽﱼȻվŸ˹ȥ
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ǰһڣȥĪɾУӣ


225 

ĪȾһӽڻУֻۡ
ӣĪҪѹΪ򲻺ãͲӦý㿴
˿Ŭվֱ壬ǽָ
þָԣ϶ǣϻ˵ȥ˾ǣôָܻأһΪ˽ֿƭҵģ
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Цãҿ˰ɣ÷ǵˣҸ׽ߣĶ棿
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Σĳ󾢣Ҫϼɣ뿴Ѿվãһûļƣִֻ̧ͷλá
ĪȾŵֻļΪ֤ԼԲգֻۣ۾ŵôģ
ٳٲ۾ùǺһգ۾ಣһЮûӦأͷϱ㷢ͣһ죬Ƥм飬Щ۾
ˣˣ๫Ȼɫ߰ɣؼҡ
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ɣɣӣ㣬ҷգˣ£
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վǿȥǿñ㻹Ĵԣ̧Ҳţǰڸֳż治гǾͻзȨǽһͱϷ
ĪȾţͷȴһɲԤУҲЩ䣬Щëëġ


226 ͦס

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ϴϽ̧֣Եȣ
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̧ĨĨҪˣסˣûˡ
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ĳһסͷţ
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֧ǡԣһûɣŵȷͷȴңͦסˣĪɺģ
๫ҪˣɵģǲСıţǿɾ͡Ǻǣ
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뾪ȣ๫㵱еɫⶼ£ҿɲˣһλٸҪס
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ʱͻȻﾹȻһͷǽһΡ
ƿŽǰĴģץ߸档
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Ȼ׽߰볤İ׻ߣŻصԺߵĶˣŴľĳвһң
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Ŵ˵˰βš~һɤӽ˳Ĵؽ˦ȥڵУλҪӺһЩǰ
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ЦƿҲǸһ˿ģʱȥˣҸɻȥˣ˶顣
ĳתͷԶ˵ߣҪûߣϽ׷ȥ
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Ҳȱ£Ӳǲţǲɿƾô˦Ҳ˦Ժţ


227 г

ǮϺĪСɣԼӶˣȫܵԺ￴ɶ£һ߲ϣǮŵôһιȥ
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ӻʱŵֻ׷һĻʵǾ־档
ˣߣȥ
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ɶղԺﲻţ񼦣߶ʼˣĸܱȰ


228 ƴͳޣ

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ţˣҰݶʰأ
µĻɨ㣬Ȱͷ
С㣬ˣ
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ӣĶӲڣѹҪǺúҪ׳޶£˵ȫúƴŻô¡
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֪ǲΪȥ̫˷ƺЩΪ˴֮ĹϵȥϵصҲýϸ˸ˣ֮ĹϵתϾһˣǺЩá
ڶȥȣȰѲѸˣȻȥ˽ӣС˸СʮӣȻŻش壬ֱȥżҡ
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ǮѿЩˣǶǶ£ĵҺͺɰ
ǲ˼ԼǶǾ͸ԼһһǮɣֻҪʮǮһھǮҪһһأ


229 ̫ˣޣ

һ庺ҡͷСĪҪ˵ЦͷĵҹŮĶ磿ҪʮǮ
һҲŵЦСĪǮˣɲգǮֵָɶҪʮһ
Ǯѿ˸ջüͷ
ôͲֵأǾеͼ˵ĵͼ˲پǷƣ֮Ҫ˲
ǲҲˣ㲻ʶеķҪˣһҲÿҪӰ⣡
㶵ؿ˿ѿĺɰ
ɶ۲֪ɾĵĵѿզֵһǮ
ԱҲ˲⣺ѽ幤һ㶼ãĵҲĵզ֪Ͳ˲ǿǸĵզ
ǾСҲӦȰɣ󣬵˶ɵأ
Ǯѿǿڿ幤üţ۾˻ϵĶ
ǸϽ߿ʲôϹʲôأ˭Ͳĵеľĵ
ûʶ򣿶ҪĻ̯ȥˣǵģһȺûʶĳӣߣ
ûĶһѵҵģǮѿùǺʰ̯
ԱЩΧ۵ĺֿʼˡ
СӣòôƢִģ
ɲǣСӣĪҪ㾩еĵǲҲûëɣȨ֣㼸Ǯɺã
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벻ĪȾֳɶ裬Ĵ־Ǳһ·УǮѿ͹˺ͬԶԶĸպÿתһ·
ϽĳСܹȥתͬʱȴһǰȻ֣ǮѿѾ֪ȥ򡭡
ĪȾվסҲվסһûƼǮѿȻؿڡ
ӣ˸ˣǻȥɣ
ֻһ˼ǮѿĿģǲس˳飬ĵмһҲû˵Ļڸļ󰡣
߰ɣЩҲѾȡ
ĪȾŲǮѿûоأֻױӣ˵߾ߣͷǻ࿴һ۵¶ûС
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ĪȾ˫һ˵ǴˣŶҮΪ˵ˣΪͬӺ׽


230 ɻޣ

·ƮǿľðҲܸȾԭΪ˵ҪܾģʵǱǿĵģòģͷһ˿ҲϼԵýοˡ
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Ǯѿһ٣ŽŴ򿪣˳ȥѰ·¥Ҫӳȥ
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ǰǸԵŮֵȥҪҵúûƶٲúұӲ𣿣
ǸСĵϽ⣺ˣȥҪ
Ǯѿֱһ亹ǸǳͿ
ϧѾˣһʮСпųһۿ
˭ôû㣿


231 Ǯɫ

ǮѿϽĪҪУҲǻˣǱؽģֻߡ
С˰ܣ
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ǮԭûʲôǮƣǮѿԵ޹ʶˣǲøǹΪԼ
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232 

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أţһǰһۡ
ᵹҲ±Ӹ̤
Σ˭֪ĸùߵүҲš
˿ӿڣȥŲ


233 ǱΪ

ӦһǰǮѿϴק·Ų翴ףͻȻһţⲻǸĪɵı𣿡
סҲ˿ǮѿСĲʶá
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㲻ɻ͸ҲɣֻҪģȻĻҲס㣡
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234 

ѿֻý罫ͻشȥˣ
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ĪȾʵһҲػһ䣺вꡣ
µֵ˵ͷףҿλֵҲΪ²ǿϰĺòϰ
ĪȾԴ󼱣λ£˵ŵòϰ䰡
ǹ²ѻ˵͡žž˼°ơ
һԾ׳ųಲȫǹͭɫļĪɺͰǰڳһǿ
ĪȾһӾͱ̸סˣЩ˱ȣȶû˸첲֣


235 

ȴҡͷ£ǲѧ͵գûбȽһЩĹӦʺ๫ͺӡ
һش룺⹦ҵıȽϸӲС˵֣ڼҹ⵹Ҳʦᣬڼҹһձѧã쳤վ۹ܴﵽõЧǵҪһλʦ𣿡
ĪȾһⲻǽʦĿϴ
Ҫ룬Ҫ룡͹µģʦɣ
ǹ°ڰ֣Īǻû̸ʦļǮء
Ц˵һλʦշѵģ
ۺ룺ڼҹ˿ɲ࣬أҲȽҹʦҪһЩλҪ룬Ǳһһµĳ͡
һһͦģʦѵãֻҪ̻ܽ湦ǮҲû
ǹºǺЦ˼С⻰˵ģʦȻǽ̵湦򣬵Ҳðѳ˵ǰͷѧڼҹǿɱҹҪ̣˭ѧûģҲҪݣÿ๫СӵĽǷ񹻺ã
ҲǣС˵ж棬ž˼ɣ
ðɣ£ǲɣǱ˵İɡ
µЦһ˸СӴ˻ִˣڼҹ±ܼЧģôҲøܼЧ
زȰ뿪ĪȾͼˣǰãûٳЩ𣿡
µļΪʧתοٳɵҲеãҪҪΣֺˣһ㹦Ҳ˿켸ʮģҲ±ˡ
˵һҪʦ̵úòãҲÿ˵ǲǺã˵λӦö˰ɣ
ĪȾ㻹Щ룬ԼþûݣҹѾǲʺˣҪڼҹҲ񲻾ôҲѧˣ
ðɣǾʦԣҺȮӵΣµĻǰʦɣ
Цһû˵أн꣬⻹ҪʦһסޣڼҹʦǽΪˣͲ⣬סҲɾţǿõ
˵ͷͷǵԼȥС˵ȥԶǵͷģǱģǼҿ϶ᵡʦ
µվȻ˵ˣ߰ɡ
ĪȾסʦ𣿡
ǹ쿪˫ת˸ȦӽǿѵҲʦ
ָɫͿڣ֪ʦɷʾһĹ򣿡
ĪźЦµӴڡ
Ǻɲʾ˿ģǿǶɳʯϽ˿Ǻã
λҲ̫ˣǺ¶أһ֣ݵǽ˭Ǯ
ȰλĪҪʾˣʦټʦ岮һ𶼲Ķ֣ʮӣһĵģǿǡʵ̫ˣ
Щ˵е㻳ǲƭӣ
ĪȾȴ㽣ǰȫڼҹ𣿡
Ӧǣϧҵû֣ûԣǸֻЩٳɵҹˡ
˵ű壺ٺٹػǴģҿȥʵ㣬ӣ
Ҳе㶯ҡˣϾݣĹ£ҲǸز¶ĸˡ
ʦҪԵȣȥʰ
Цź룺˵˵ֻǶλȸ𣬴ȥüѣͬǽ䣬ˡ
ݵĹ£ܵ˺ҲܲܲƭǵǮɣ
Ǳȡ˫ַϣԵƬ̣ǹ½ǶйȥҲ֪ʲô
ûʱ㵱˸С˳Īţһͬ˿ɽ塣
ںʦû޿ɽƫƧҲûɽϵķӲɣźص˵ͷ
˵صŵúܣǸʺĺõط
ĪȾ⣬Ҳ˿ҡ
ԭǼңʦһ£պˣǼӦ󷿣ʦԼĥһסʲôķ䣬ʱ۾ͰҪ
ʦΪϲӴǸãҲԣûֱ˯ذ壬Ҳ졣ֻЩҶͣʳϣʧ
ĪȾ֤ʦɷģǼҵķʳ⣬ӵպأ
ʦ˵ͷţã˵ű˵ذϣոհıһ
ĪȾĿеؿʦ֪ʱʼ
ʦհ۾ϣſһۣڼҹһȡ֮Ͱҹʱ°빦
¾ǲƺߡ
ĪȾȴΪȻӣ㿴ȻʦҲ˵
ǺǸЦʦѵڹĹ𣿱ȭʲôģ
׾ȭء


236 Ϊ

ʦȻһתͷ
ԣԴСӲ˵Щˣ๫ͺӶǰҲ޵ѰˣǱɣȥԺһʱЪϢһ£ҡ
ĪȾõʦָ㣬ϲܳңкһԺˡ
ȼ㣬ǰƵģͷֿµĺʦ
ʦ㲻ָһǵǷȷ𣿡
ʦ˸ţȥ
ݣһؿԺдСŤ˵ļһҪǰһƣ͵մݻ³һ
Ϊôܳˣ
ʦͷһɨؿһ߰볤İ׻ڳźɫӣεͷСȲԶ
λʦ~һɤӺ˳Ҳ˲ԵˣȾܣֱͷǸӱȥ
ϧֱأû߸ֻ˫Ȼٻȥ
ԺȫȻأŸȴȥΪ䶼ͷĪȾ߳Ǳ߿֪Ǹڸʲôã
ǵؿ˿ڣʦͷһƣһ߶ѣȻܲ
ʦ۾ӣ
ֵʦ*ͷˣȻҧˣ
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뼸Ѿ϶ṦˣȴǼһȥˣҪҧ*ˣѽ
ʦ֮Ҳ㱴˶ŵؽ
ĪҪֻſңҲ
ĪȾ㣺
ͷűߵߣΪҲͷ˿ȫ֪Լвѵ;
볯ĪȾ֣ȥŪͻȥҺ÷ֵüʱȻ֪Ҫ㼸ϼĶأ
ʦرժΪյǰǡ~һɤӹС
Զһ㣡
ҡҡСԴӣΪ͸ġ
ʦ۾ͷ亹رȥզ֪ˣǶߣر𶾣ҧһҧˣ
һҲ֪զֺ޳ܵˣҡײƭʦӻǣȻĻ٣
ʦž¶˵ףػعµ˰ΣȴӲʮغһ
˵˭Ҳֻǲɱѣϰ֮˵ȱΪ
벻Ӧǳ֮ԴȱΪʦ˵Լаɣ
ʦӲصͷûϷȷǳţ˷ԲͨʦĹŵӡ
벻ΪҿҲҼѣ
Сذͷһ㣺ţ磬Ҫˣ
ʦĪȾ׽ϣ鼱֮ô۳ĪȾҪƲסˣһ˹һѱ㽫ʦֱ۸šһְһѹʦֻܲҽſߡ
ҰɣҰɣҲˣһӣ
˿ڣһ죺
ʦϵߣӲϣҡҸǱˣҪôͬһȥã
üȥǱӿûôףϾﻹһȺڣ书ϡƽǼ⼸ҲǶ֡
ٴ⣡ȥǻûǮôͬһ˰ɣ
ʦΪ˫۶Ըţŵȫɪɪ
ұ֤֤ˣ⻹ˣÿɣµľˡ
ٺһЦû취˭ҪǼƭҪίһˣ
˵űһѴ°Ѻʦߵɽ͸ˣȻ󽻸ĪȾ㡣
๫úãǾȥݣٽкʦд־ݣǰӻͽ׽Ϊ飬׳׳ӣ
ʦԼıӱǽһۣҪΪ飬ǽһս
ʶ˿£ⱾΪ˼ҺƭİͷҲֻԣѺ鷿Թд˷־ݣݻ˼ӣȻֱͼο
ĪȾٶȶȥϡ
ֵطҪӶȻףҲܲҪһ£ȥȥҪһ£һҪأ
룬˵ȴŽգһԲĹͷѴ󴸣һվ⣬һһߴֺ𡭡


237 ҳ

ţǹʦۺ¼ǰ߹ݣˣӴ˱ʧĪҪͬǺ¼⡭
ĪȾͰݾȻҳˣ
ǰЩһɫĶ̴װ磬Ħȭƣмֹӣ
ĪȾϽţˡ
ӣǲȫ˺󿴿Ƶλú˵ãҲȥʦ
ͷɣǾȿ˵
ˣΪ˼ҴҪ֮꣬ţԶֱֱһͷؤԲԶڳϿЩǰ¡
ϧǸͷ˰죬ͷӲû˸ţ㼱ˣ󴸾ţǺصŰҵáˡֱ죬һٲžͽõҰͷ
ĪȾ۾ؿţԱߵؤͻȻɹЦһ
λְɣֻҪʧˡ
ȥؤ˼ǲ
ؤŸǰ룺λүСӣСǮҸһܡ
ĪȾһôܣ
ҲЩؿǸؤֻͷɢƤһڣҲģǽǣһѾɫˣǹݣģ
ؤǰ룺£ǸǮҲ˵ܰ˵ӻء
ĪȾֳ˳ǱҰŶû˻ӦĹͷ߹ȥؤ˼ͭ塣
˵ɣɶܣ
ؤǮȼյ䣬ȻЦǺǿڡ
Щʱˣνƾݵ֣ʵ˿Ժͷûˣƾôǲ˿ţ
ĪȾأǰͷкܶӰ
ؤǺһЦĪ˵֮ǰиӢ۹ݣＸҡײƭĲݰʦȫˡ
ֻʣһṦĹ±ֻԺӸݵķǴһ󻧼ͷġ
ǴܹղǱ㰲ʮǿ׳ļҶǸ£֪ΪΣͷǸ·ˣ
һߣЩļҶҲˣԺӱûʱȺ¼ݵľ߹ˣȻֻˣ˵𣿡
ĪȾһѹЩ׳źʦʵƭǳǮɣ
¶ǰֱӽ˷⣬Щ˲ſϷߡ
ô˵Ҫˣǹùģ
ĪȾ˫ˮ룺ӣΪûˣҲһ˸ڲˣ
һۣûǸؤȿ˿ڡ
ƭ˿ɲ٣ȻǸСӢҲˡ
ĪȾ˫һؤ磬֪ǸСӢںδ
ؤǺЦ˼ҿɾͲ֪ˣǼǰģݵƭӣȻȥ㽫ͷʦȫù񺿣ԹԸ˼ʮͭӣСӢ뿪֮ǰŻٿǼҡײƭļһһδһΣ
ʣؤɿСӢˣ
ؤְϵٸӣҾ͸ǡ
뵱±ǮؤԣҺ๫ĺһλ湦ʦ
ؤͷ˭˵ǣϧСЩѧ̫Զĺҵʵϵʦ
븽ͣԣؤָһ£λСӢλˣʦ
ؤЦ²ףһͳֶˣûٻ
ǳسǹٵȥķ򣬶һ˺üգҪѰ˵ϣȷã
ĪȾ㲻ģǸСӢ۵òͻűһȣ
ǸؤƼ˵ȥˣ
ͷպöϹͷǺĴĪȾϽȥԼ
ͷû뵽ͻȻһòСӣĿ׷Ű뿴ȥǸоԣȫһĴ
ôˣиϵ죬˸£
ͷһȣǻΧҪ԰ĪȾ㶯֡
Īſ˫ۻס룺ţûϵΪҪץҷ޶ˣ
ͷս¶һĨŵĻЦ˵ûϵûϵΪɣǾվͷȴûӦţ
Ҫ˵ȻȺֻЩèϼһﱻˣ￴ţ
أ۾Ͱ׽ϣݵʦ͹ٵͷڹ꣡
ֱǣǿᣡ


238 аŮ

ĪȾĺûйϵôˣҲûã
ͷŲЩأ볤úÿԼǺ¼ĸ֣ѾСݵĳӣǵңûһҺӲоԼѾ޵ˣаŮôģֻҪб£кβɣ
üĪȾ㣺๫ĪҪۣͬߡ
ĪȾͷǣҪߣȴͷᴸһ
ߣʹү𣿣
㡰ӴһϳصĴȻȥһƫеԼĽϡ
ͷһסӣŽ˭ĸıӵĸҰӣ
뿴һöͭǮڵϣǸؤ˹ؽּ
ͷҲؤΣʹкؤҺúýѵѵ
ǻһ⻰ȭͷؤȥ
ĪȾУģ
ȻȺеؤûǳ˹ȥǼˣҽˤܣһأʹ
ؤڰĪȾ㾪ȵע»վ˵ϵ룺ȥˣɱˣҺòҪġ
һһùӰذŵˣŶõͭǮһһֱһҲҵˣߴ˴ͷĻЦһڰ
ãһҲлˣе˽ǣ˵ģȥЩʱձˣ˭Ҫ£ߵľ۸˵Ļ
ͷĿҲ֪Ӳҧȭֵϵģɸұպɽˮ꣬⻹Ҫټ
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ͷԲ۾Ҳϸ֮
ؤҡͷҲңֻĲôˣҲûôǷҪ֪ɣǺðɣʯͷ
ͷŻãλʯͷ֣ǽյʾʹ˼ˣԵټӱֻ
뿴ŹͷϵĴһŭˣæؤлŶлʯͷֵܳ
ĪȾ˫۷Ź⣺ʯͷֵܣ似ɷΪͽֻѧֵ㷽һְ֣ٳͶԣ
ȭ°ݣǸؤϽһĪĪݣҲΪͽ
ЩȻؽӿڣΪβܣкܶûȴװбҡײƭҲкܶΪ˱ܻݲԸⱩ¶Լı¡
ЩǶ⣬ģǷ޶˲ֵֻܵȥֻ̹̽ЩǳѰֻҪǿҲá
ֵؤҲģ紵ɹʳǷ޶˻ؼңȴԴÿٸһĳͣ㿴ɺã
ؤգգĺƺһ¡
λֻѧЩǿĹʵЩѰݵҲȫ¡
һ׽סؤϵأҷ޶ѾݵĹ¸ƭһأɲǵĵˣ
ٿ¼ݣм湦۸ϰĸٽηŵЩϣ
ʯͷֵܷ¶һ־ʵѧΪ˾ҷ޶˲ų֣Ҳɴ˿Ϊֱ·ƽε
ҷ޶ǴôõʦǿҪһźˣ
ֵǻʲôҪԾֻҪǷ޶õ֤㡣
ؤһץסƷ벻ţεЦһڰ
˵λǷҪ²ˣպʧĪҪ˵ҡײƭźã
ɫͷʯͷֵ뾡ܷģĸԸȥģԲᷴһ
˼֣ؤɿضֻ֡
Ǻðɣ±㽫ҽ޶ϣȥǼһƣǺԵҲͬλүһ̽һ¹£˵ʦܽʦұʲôҲҽˡ
ĪȾϲлֵܳȫ
ȻͷȴؤҲǸйµ˰
ɫѾ磬ֻؤǹʵʯͷʦɻҪһ£Ȼͬһش塣
ؤҡͷɽģ¾ֻһˣֻҪڣĶǼңȥҲ磡
Ǻ˵±ţи˻ȥ
صɽʱѾˣƺǻˣ˳
ףף˭
Ҳһݸؤգգۣ濴


239 ɶ

ĪȾֻӦ˶һǣţȥжˣӣǣСָǽܡ
ʯͷ壬湦ģ
һ·ʯͷǿҪʦĪȾ⣬ֻʯͷֵܣɲƵ塣
ƺرֱۿҿֱߵĽлӣ࣡
룺ǹģϴϴ͸ɾˡ
˵תС޶ֱͷؤʦ
ʯͷֵܣסǱݣϸˮϴ裬κ๫£ôѾС
ʯͷ˵ͷȭһ֣лˣ
תۼ鵽һűߣƱһ
һöͭǮպðҲΪ䣬ٰʦҲţϽһ£¿ɺã;ϥǹһ¾ʹڵء
ѽ۰Ī򡭡Ҽҵߣҧ˵ġ
һµ˶оϥǹǶҪˣ
۵ñסϽŵϣ˫Լϥǡ
Ϊ仹㶵֧ǰ֪ղĳŮһ
ʯͷŰ۵ҪվӣʮӺס
ʵǱǸýҵ治⣬һߣҪҧء
żΪ֪Ľͣǿο㣬Ҳûͬ˵Ϊ£Ǽģûжˡ
һ˵һ߸ԼһϥǹǣڲûǺʹӦйѵĿܣǿһֻڵ˼ڲзϵһӾָܻ
ʯͷǺھΣ㻹ðɣҪȻȥưɣ
ЦˣԼҲῴͷû飬Ӧֻˣ˲׶ڣٶЩЩʱԼͳˡ
Сȥףߡ
ҲһͷסΪǲͷܣ˩ɣ
̲סЦ˭ҵ˨ŵİǻģǶܳȻҲܳûµģϤ˾Ͳˡ
˵תһھεʯͷʯͷֵܣҲߣ
ʯͷҡͷžΪҪҧ㡭
ĪȾжţصԺУЩôԺ
Ϊβݣʯͷֵܣ͸ѻ
ҲкʯͷֵȻȥɣҾ͸ˮԡ๫һѣ۽ȥȰѺʦˡ
ĪȾȥסΪҪһŸоԾ
ӣôˣ
ʱʮͣ½Ųȥ鿴ȡ
һۻվǵʯͷûµ๫ǷʯͷֵΪΪҪҧңҪΪģΪһ£ʹϥϣվͺˣ㲻ôС֡
ĪȾһ⻰˵ãʯͷ־ǿǴһȺ׳໴УС޹ôһӣö۰ֱˣ
ֲ˼ңϾߣҲǳһƬ⣬һǧʦ
ӣΪߡ
ֲ˱ˣԼӲǰѰᱧȻûſڣ÷£ţٰ˱ݡ
ʯͷ߿һͷǸɶ°
Ϊ仹ԺУȻڶļһﾯʮ㣬ʯͷȥһѽ
˵զôõҺĸ˻£ʦ˵ѧı²Ƿ˽䣬ȫ㺦ģ
Ϊ۾סԼߴļһʵʵʵʵ
ʯͷ̾˿ְŻصϣȥɣȥɣܳˣƲ壬»㣡
Ϊ䲻˵ѾŵľսŻų鷿ķ˹ȥ˳ŷУѰĪȾűߣ粽Ѱӻ
кʦݺ᣺ҰɣҲûӲƭǵİ
˶ˣֻʣһһСڷүУҲûܣֻܵȸǮһʣ˷ܻؼң
ɣǷˣҲƭǣҲƼˣôЩ˶ңҲֻһƭλˡ
ϣһϥʹһۿźʦĨᡣ
ĪȾֳ̧һָϸҹȥĪҪٽһƼ㣬ĻһǮ
ʦͷһۻŵĸһѽ˳ȥͷӵײײ˵ſڣſֻعŰĪȾ㹰˹֡
զ˵ϷҪлλлӵ֮гһϷܻǮǾԲģǺڣ
ߵزˣǻ˵ֱȭҾأתţûźϡ
ʵǺ£һ͵ҧһڿզ
ϥжһȥ˶ټ򵥵ķˣһˮȽʯͷýԡºٳԷ
룬ȽԼϴ˸͸֮ǰ˶סˣ


240 

뱾ΪһָôҲǸеˡ
ǰ˸Ǹ꣬Ҳڵף鶯ֳ
ҳǽһüĿ㣬㲻ֻ֣ǸӸЩҲж׳ʵ˿޳ϸ֮ĳеѣǺĪȾһ㣬ЩϢ
ʯͷһ´Ĳ˼Ժ󻹳ʪĺڷ
һĪҪٿˣģܲʦ԰ɣ˵ҾԲͽܣĪ磬ָ㹦ԣҵʦҽŸʮˣûȢϱء
ĪȾ㷴ؿ룬ĵզһ˧СӣǧĪҪҼӣǰãҿɴ򲻹ֳ鷳
ǽ񣬷·һӱ㿴뷨һۡ
ʯͷֵܿɣͽܾͲգָֻǸӼɣֻһһദǡ
ʯͷŵ˷㣬۾̲סɨ棬ƬһȻͱ̼һ磬Ͻ̧Ͽڱǡ
ǸǸôζ㣬˵ĳ壡
ĪȾһˣϽõߣͷкȥǼ
㳢ر·ֻҪģСڳԣģ
ʯͷǶþˣץҲû˳ĳָһСͽֻһɴ۾Ŵ˻ˡ
ͷͷĪȾһʯͷҧһͷͷðһԭƤۿɼٶȺһƬе㵣ġ
ܲˣͲҪˣԱİɣ⣡
ʯͷ˵ôͷһγô̼Ķֱ̫̼̫ܲˡ
һҭȥһͷϵĺֹסɫָ
ʯͷҡҲһˣˣҲ̫ˣҵĻ궼Ҫˣ
ĪȾͻȻЩСؿ룬ʰһӵУóͷ˹ƷζʯͷΪˣ
ҵ죡ôµĶĪֶܳԵ治ɫʵС
ĪȾ㵭ȻЦ֮ⲻ㱾£ֻǾúóԶѣʯͷֵܲ汾£һͭǮĺùǿýͶأ
ʯͷҡͷǲôֻǴСʦָɶɶϰˣ˵˾ɣĪֶһԣ
ĪȾ㲻ţܴУҲܴʹ˼ҰǱȲõģʯͷֵһѧôڹɣ
˵ʯͷͻȻЩɥ
˵ڹʦûңֻǸҴͨ˾ÿｫڵ֮еϢתϸ졭
˵ʮջ̾˿ʵͬ˵ɣҳΪ⣬ԭʦģҸЩģʦɣΪҵϢ̫ˣҲ֪ôŪźãÿ˹ֱҪ
һظ֣ȴҲǸôҲĸ֣ѹһ˵ͽܣĪɻʧԭΪԼð֪⣬̱ˣ
ˣ˵ǸݵӢ۾ԼɣǲҲǵʦƭˣ
Ļʯͷһ󷢺죬εһ
ǼЦˣȷʵңɽ֮͵ѰʦôҲҲҾȥҸָһ£ұѰǼݣ˵ͷкüʦұȥ̡
ǽеǮƭˣжգȴûָܸİ취֪ǵĵ
Ҿͽͬұԣһ֮¸ǷǵĹʵϡƽû¾ͶҴſڵأҾģǸͲڹƭҲʵΪ鲻ãҲҪԲϷˡ
ҵʱͷϣ˺ݻ׼ҡײƭٽҼһΣҾʹһΣҪ뷨ҵǮ
Щ˿ͷӦúúõģ˵ҸһʱͻҵǮǵˣֻʣǸµͷûˣҲûǮҡ
ҵûҪûǮͶͷϣץǻȥ
һǶգûзԣҪÿ˵ɽлǮҲ뵽ԼʵַһֱȵǻΪֹ
룺ѵ֪ǻֻҲûǮ𣿡
ʯͷܾǿذͷһ̧ҵȻ֪һǴӦ˻ȴʳԱţҵٽѵһٷܳ
뿴ĪȾ㣬ֲ֪ûҪ¿ƢľͷоҲЩʶ
ĪȾĹעȴЩϣ˫Ƶؿʯͷ
ʯͷֵܣа취⣡
ʯͷȵؿĪִ˻棿ڹᣬλ֪İ취
ĪȾһЦʵֵղԼѾѰ취˵ˡ


241 

⻰ڣʯͷһӵ˶е죬ʯͷʱ˵Ļ
ʯͷȻָԼ˵ģɣôİ취
ĪȾһһؿڸ
㿴ǲ˵ģڹʦûô㣬ֻڸͨʱĵͷһЩȻÿԼй
ʯͷ˵û˵ͷˡ
ĪȾֵÿй쳤վãԼҲ˹ȻЩԽԽ࣬оŲˣŷ⣬Ҳǣ
ʯͷֵûǽİ취ôأʦû˵
ĪȾЦЦ룬ѾЩ˼
๫˼ӦһˣҲͨȻ㵤ڷŲµһЩ֪ķǷеͨ
ʯͷඥȻʣ̧һԴ
ѽ⵱Ǹð취ôû뵽أ
ĪȾҲǴΪϲ˷еͨ
ʯͷͷ絷⣺вͨѾֻ֪轫˳žһ죬ҲϤһϢ·ߣȻҶϢȸǲ
ð취Ǻð취
زõĪȾ㿪ڣʯͷ˫۷ŹؿĪ֣ѧڹҾͰЩĹ͸ɣǧĪҪ
룺ԭоռ˱ˣΪ¸оЩأ
ĪȾɲ¿ףǿѾһˣײϰѵһĻᣬϴ
ǿҪлʯͷֵˣô˼أ㾭²
ʯͷҡͷ˵˲ÿĪ治ÿ˵һûֻǸоӦûô⣬ֻܳɣĪǲµݷգǽԣ
⻰Ӹоˡ
ǸܲܵȵȣʯͷֵܿǼҵţһԣ
ʯͷȻţǲɣҲţľǷͬ˵һһţŪ˿Ǻã
ŵֱ飬ⶼܰţŪҪϳʲôӿɲ˰
ĪȾʯͷţȻˣˣԼûѧ
Ҳ֪ôĸоǿжôţơȣǿźñӣЩôô˸ȥ
ǣڣ
ĪȾһɣ۾ԣ
ɲɣҪӳ飡
ʯͷؿˣ˭ĺã
뿴ĪȾ㣺๫㲻ҵ𣿡
ĪȾ㿴룺ӣΪ¶ӵģΣӽΪһذɡ
겻˵ػطȥˣĳп·һȳһգϽȥҪˣȴһ˦
Ҳ㱧Լˣ˭Ҳ˭
ĳУãֱӽӱߣϲˣСƢǾԼؿڵӽɾʹΪֹ
ԣǿǣ
ҹڷߣĪֱȵ˯ˣ⣬᷿ȥ
ſ۾ջǽŵص˳ݣȻҲϥϵʹ˼Һͷ᷿
ʯͷĪֵˣһ˲ӣ»ľպ»᲻
ĪȾ΢һɣȻӦˣ֣ⱲҲûһӵˣǻô˾ʯͷֵܣֻ˵ɣҪô
ʯͷ̾˿ĪˣɩӻڴأǷҲˣ
룺ȻǸ֣Ȼˡ
Ȼĳ˼֣˵Ҳеѵĸ֣ηηðմˣֻҪһӡ
ȻѾ˾Ҳûʲô˵ģֻϣʯͷֵܽһЩǷִ˷о͸Ͽͣ£ĪҪ˵̫ء
ʯͷҲ˿ɩӷģǷֲУϱͣ£
ֵҪɣҾվͷǿţб˹ҡ
ʯͷһл
˾ʯͷָʾĪȾһϥϣ˫֣ʼľ硭
벻֪ǾôģʱʯͷָȻͶĪȾʹ϶ֱ˵һʱüҪǣȴֺ¾Ƿ߻ħǿס
һʱ֮ͷûˣֹСʱʯͷ˳
뿴ˬӸ첲ȣ˼أſѯʯͷֵܣһпɻ˳


242 

ʯͷΪʹعЦһ˳˳̫ˣĪⷽãҰѵϢ˳ȥȻ̩ͨоˣ
Ҳףѹʦʶ˭ʹҹҲܲˣ˸˾ʹ˰ɡ
ǿ飺ԼĹ˼𣿡
ʯͷɵȭô᣿ЩҲСˣŻ޴ȥֻҪѭ򽥽Ӧòٳֲӡ
ʵЩϢĪ֮ҸоӾһЩһء
룺ʲô⹦ð
ܽȥ๫𣿡
ʯͷͷԣòҪҸЩϢһ˹Ҫо񣬷ܻϢߣǾ鷳ˣ
һ⻰Ҫȥ˵뷨
깦
ʯͷ룺һʺõĻĸʱͨǲ̫ãҲܰˡŸʱ߸һЩʱ䡣
Ҫڣ
ʯͷͷְ֮ǳ޳޴ʦ˵ʻһ˹һĸʱء
뿴˿
ĸʱ춼ˡ
ʯͷͷɩӿҪһֱĪֳʵأţɻطȥЪϢ
ֳһۣܷĻȥ˯
һɡ
ʯͷҲ˸ͷһԾȻֱݶڰΪĽעѰ˸λһᣬ忪ʼϢ
˫ǰСϣҲ֪˶ãȻô˯ˡ
ԺҪ˯ȥʱŴһ죬ĪȾϲ̵˳
ӣΪ򣬵
ֱӰ¶İһ·ؽ˱˷С
뾪ϲ๫㵱ˣ
ĪȾҲϲɫΪˣ˵ֻһһ֪ãĸо
ӣΪպһŬⶫ̫ˣΪҲö˵ʱ򣬾͸ҲһЩȥ
Цһۣ㱣͹ˣαԼҲôƴϰĳԱΪǿ壬Ҫ󷴵ΪħǿɾͲˣ
ĪȾͷӷģΪףֻǿƿΪĽҪ£
أҲû˵ǣĵӵ˯˹ȥ
ڶеճžͼźСɽԺڽ̼ӺĪɻʯͷһ
밡˭
ЦͣǼʦǺʦֻ־Уʯͷ
Ǯ´ʯͷ죺ģ㿡ΣͬƵкù𣿡
֪Ҳʯͷ⸱ƭˣ±㳯ʯͷһ
ʯͷܰҰݶƬ˵¸һ𣿡
ʯͷ˳ָķ᷿һƬ˵ߣŵһأಣһӱԾݶȥƬƮƮ
һˮɰǮϺĪСɣˣĪȾҲżӸã
ʯͷ΢΢һ죬˼ͷô
ĪȾϽҲĹ𣿡
ʯͷ˵ͷܰһվҪϰɳ
ú棬ĪȾҲţ˵
ĪСɣֱʯͷ˺ðΣǮϺû
ɣôأûɩ𣿡
ĪСɣգ͵ػع˵ɶ
ǮôأĪҪ⿴˼ôֲȥɩ緹ɣϥˡ
ĪСɣӦһŶӦҶѽզͲҲѧ͸ղǸһݶģҲѧ
ǮϳһۣУѧѧѧֻҪ˼ҿϽ㣡ĪЩȥɩ緹
ĪСɣԴϲ
ģӦҲѧ䣿ҽҲҪסڴɩˣ
ǮϺͰһ㵣ѧѧ䣬զͳסأ
Ҽҵģδܵס
ĪСɣطҴɩңôͲסϻشѿסأΪɶֲˣ
ҾҪססɣҲɽסǸ㣿
ǮϲӦת룬
ɩˣͽסɣͬһסˣкö໰Ҫ˵أһȥݣһɻɩò


243 ǹ

ܵСĥ
οǮϣǼûɶ·ǵɣȥǾͽסЩʱհɣºеطסҲ
˵ĪСɣҪס˵øϽ˹
Сɣס̫ˣ
Ǯϼ˶ӭŮסҲֻĪСɣסɲɩң
ĪСɣҡֱѽ֪˵Һ಻һҶʮˣ
Ǯһۣɲ켰ǵѾͷˣϾҪ˵¼ˣôСƢһ쵽֪棡治㣬պżĻ챻ȥվأ
ĪСɣһ죺~˵ôأƲԼŮģҲˣ
ǷԸȥݵ±õһףɣá
Ӧǣˡ
Ǯֵؿ˿Ůȥɩȥιι
ĪСɣɿ֣ĿֳǼǱɨһȦС˵سǱȥˡ
Ǯ˵˵ȵ£ûע⵽ĪСɣɶԾĵط
Ѿͷ½Сһϴ׼׼ͣһ˵Ļ
£Ǹʯͷʦ˰
±סҲѽǸɵģǰˣлһ˭֪ԡ˸Ƶģ
ҺǶΪǸأû뵽Ÿʮ꣬˵ϱûأ
ĪСɣһϲģû˵ﻹô𣿡
ҡͷϤû˵Ȼǲ֪ˡ
ĪСɣͻȻ˵ʱҲЩյģСϻЩѰķȣСʱͷһ
£ô˵ϲ˰ɣ
±ôֱ׵ѯ˸ֵ̧˵ĪҪҽˣ
ĪСɣЦϲôˣ˳ֿΣôõĹҲϲأ
£ǰɣδĹŮһӶ಻ð
ǡԸϲɣҡҲûأ
ĪСɣߵýͰ͵Ӷģ˭ڿķأѽС£С˼ŹùңùͿˣ
øƴĪСɣ˭ùˣŲأҲˣûû
Сֵһ֣˵˵ִֹͷһʯͷˡ
ĺø߰Ҵأ
ţǸ͸ɵҾÿˡ
ĪСɣҴ粻ģǶˣͳɼˣʯͷãǲ󣡵ҲҹȥҪҪһ𣿡
ºߣ⡭ðɣ˵̸ɵкǵģֲкӡ
ĪСɣԲ۾һָͷ
Ϲ˵ҲأզкˣѧΪɶѧ˵ˣһҲǽ̣һȺҲǽ̣۾ѧ극ѧȥ
һŶĪСɣһָа극ҪȥأȻҪˡ
ĪСɣѧһִ꣡ѵѧһ¾ݶĹ򣿡
̹ϻش𣺡밡ǡ
ĪСɣһûǣϽ극ǾȥͬѧṦȻٸɻ
ǣ緹ͼһҴСǹƵģȫܵʯͷǰȥˡ
ǮϺͰ书*Ǵ󰡣
ƽ¡ƺĪСɣСǮһݣÿ춼ܺɵذιɽǮֻʣԼһæˣֱ̾ĳǰôܳιһʵŪôԵġ
Һð˸ȥæһҲһ˫ϣһܳһ¨ӣҲԼһ¨ܰǮһ¨
ǱĪСɣ˰ɻˣʯͷ˵ṦȰɳȹӧɳģϺһɳȥˡ
ĪȾְʯͷָرȥһ÷׮
Ⱥһɾʮӣ°⣬ʦˣ
ʯͷ˸Ƕһ˾ľͷ׮ӣ˵û˰æӦǺѾģ˼ֻһȣϾӾȥҪľͷԲľͷϣӲǰֲ±һأ룬ȵ⣡
̾Ȼ־Ǹ֣书ˣɻѰ
أĪȾͷһۣȻϵһӣ󲽳˹ȥ
㵵ؿˣ๫ôˣΪֳ𣿡
ǻѰˮ׺ͷط
ĳܵߣֱӰСϱµĳһš
ɹˣ￴ɣΪڿȥ
˵תˣ÷׮ӵĿӡ
룺ܹΪ̫ɹˣ
ֻϥˣҲͰˣֲǲзϵһܶҲҪ
ðɣ²۹²ۣʵأ
ǱǮѿȴǿյҪüˣûԸͬǮһɽҪôõȾ飿
ŮȥհĿŵϲȵϡ


244 Ů˵ı

ɵϱϲȵŸʮ겻ãΪǮѿһ峤ģһЩݹϵҲȽ׽
⼸ϲȵȴǿǮѿԽԽ˳ˣȾǮѿڲˣ˵Լһ׬ǮǴʧæһ
ξǮѿֲÿǮһţĻͶ䵽ϲȵϣֵ̺ɩӵӣֵտӣøҩ󷹣æýŴס
ÿοǮѿŮ˲ϺܼңȥҳԵĶרõĳԣϰ̵ȣ˵䣬⣬˵ùüңֲϲȵնϱܵأ
оϴѶֻϴԼģŴľһѣȫҲˡ
ϲȵæһҴСĳԺȥϴһѵѣʵǰ۵ðԼڼҵʱҸˣ
˵ĪɴãһˣԼĻ͵͵ܵȥջܺӱȥϴѡ
ϲȵǶǮѿȵĲһסڹùüˣôһԾҲûУ浱Լأ
ԣǮѿͻȻһЦܵʱϲȵԲ۾ܲص
ɶˣˣԸûУֻ²桭
Ǯѿһס֣ϲȵ˵ôأ°ҪͬǴӦˣ³֮Ҹʮӣ
ʮŶȫǸԼģ϶֪£ɰǮ˽ûȥТҲԣ벻Ҫ
ϲȵסˣ˵ɶɶһ׬ʮӣʮӶҴ˵һϱˣ
֮Ժް룬Ϊĸ߶εûĪСɣĻ£оǰ벻ǮϽǼӵ֮֡
ʱ˵һ׬ʮӣһѰŮӣ׬һҲѵúܣ
ԣϲȵʵΪĶƵʣģǮѿƭˣ
ǮѿСϣȻŴս˵һͨϲȵٶԲ˫ۡ
˵Ҫȥ͵ɩ飿ҪǸֲ֣Ҳûð
ǮѿɵƵһۣ㿴㲻˰ɣҪԸãҪ˵ҲΪ˹ùһ˺ã
ϲȵһãȻҪ͵ҼҴ󲮸ʹɩ˵Ϊ˼ãզأ
Ǯѿεؿڽ֪ͣаͬȾ֮£
ϲȵͷ֪Ҳ֡
ǮѿĪ治֣ǰ׼ұ۸˵ģҹɵ˲Ǵ
Ҳʵ㣬Ǹвң
˵Ⱦ粻ͬӺ룬ҪȾ
Ұ͵øвȾͰϺ룬һĪӵĲأ
ϲȵ룬Ⱦͬǰ׼ӲӲԸĺãǴЩֽţͬʹʹĺã
Īһ׬׻ӣȫ˵Ӷģ
˻ŵңֻҪܰõ飬ҶʮӵĳͣҲæôҲһ룬㿴Σ
ϲȵǾǻţˡ˵ҪҴ󲮸
Ǯѿǳس̾˿һڲҲ֪СϲȾ磬Ҳ˺ģǷɣ㲻ңֻܵϳӣˣһӦġ
ϲȵһ⻰Ļԥʮܱܲˣ
õȣ
ǮѿһϲӦˣϲȵҾ֪ʶ壬ˣ
ϲȵЩεͷǵĶɩ»أһ׼˲ͷҴ󲮸־ͻˣҲž㣬ҲΪǮ
ǮѿȻЦĺˣ֪㲻ΪǮǶΪĪҺãȻĻĸԸأ˵ǲǣ
ϲȵͷǰҾǵĴ£ź͹һģܰϼæһԹ۵ġ
Ǯѿ׽סһգţǾĺΪ˰Ⱦȹ˽٣һҪõǷ飡
ϲȵЩ£ǡҡҪôõǷ鰡ҶûɩҵӣҲ֪ģ
Ǯѿ֧УֻҪɽͺ˵ɩԼãıķˣȻһȥǷ飬ҹƾԷУҪƲԴ
ϲȵ˵Ҫͬ뽻ãԳ˳飺һͬãҪô


245 ʧ

Ǯѿһۣ㱿أԼװɻˣɹˣΪɩӲ͵չ
û׼ֱӾͰ̧ȥˣȻ˾Ͷʾл˵ЩϲĻô𣿡
ϲȵǺҲϲѽ
ǮѿͰɰ׻ӣϲ˰ɣ
ϲȵЩִֺöˣԼװ˸
Կ
ǮѿüֻԿӣǽˣǵļƻҪĪҲŵùģѵ뿴Ⱦ汻׼˸
ϲȵһȻԼҪԣʧܵģ
֪СϱֻܹðɣҾΪĪҵĽƴһأ
ǮѿͷŶϲȵֻҪЦЦǸ˹Ƴ˺аԵҲûôӣȻ׾Ϊϲˣʵһ㶼ѣ
ϲȵһ뵽ֻӣǿЦһ£ȿ޻ѿǮѿҲֻӲͷƤˣܱԼżǿ
ˣϲȵȴСûɽΪˣָͬã˵þûɽȥιҲӦȥЩˣýĪСɣڼЪЪĪСɣûҪô˵
ҺǮѿ飬һ극ֺõشյǮǰǸȣǸ硣
ùãһɽɽµܣҲʵ̫ˣҿɣҴɽȥι
Ǯһھĵľ裺ǺǣôˣûûˣҲۣɽϻˣ
˵ð㲻Ǯѿػ˻ǮϣѽùãҶ˵ˣұ֤پȾ磬һͬɩӺúദġ
ǮԾɼ֣ɣ붼ˣҲĪҪᣬڼʵʵŰɣҲɶֻҪҾͳɣ
ǮѿʹϲȵʹɫСϱڻˡ
ǲɣҲɽˣɽȥ̺Щɣͺʹѿһڼչչ˶ɩҵ
Ǯ룬˵ҪжϱͬһģϲȵɽҲУСϱԼûչ˲˺Сޡ
ϲȵȥǿԣöͬǼͷʶһ£ɣҲɽϣ㲻ľüЩɩϥˣƼɶɲ˵ģҲ֡
ϲȵһŰ룬һζǮѿͱһָͷæشӦҼˣһɽȥ
鶨ԺǮѿְϲȵһֹҪôôǧ¶ơ
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ϲȵʵȻعŶЩ롣
§ŶĪ˵أҰյȥ
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ϲȵشһ첻ˣЪɣ
Ҳû֣۵§ףҼˣɩӣӦһЩӣȥҸ֧ͷɣ
ϲȵһ㵣Ǯ𣿡
ЦЦǣɩոҺͶһ˶ӣ˵ǲؽãسȥЩԼҪĶƣӶأ
ĵǶȡ̯ϸϲȵ
ϲȵЩӣɩ˵ģֻǮǶӰ
ɰӻһȫǲҪǾͰЩŰɣɶľԸ
ϲȵһж๫ⶼͶ׬ģզȫҰ
Цһʵɩ˼ҲиͶɩģýҲ˸ˣɩ˵ˣֻż׬ǮСȴһ˽ҲûУŰɡ
ϲȵһȻ⻰˵ģ׬˶Ǯƴ֣
ҡͷɲ˵ɩҲͦ׵ģ˵Ǻб£ϥˣ籾ˣŹӼְˮƳ
ȣЩˣûˤ̵ĹͷȥҺֳס˹أҲˣɰѴ۹Ǻ
ɴɩ˵ˣǼЩصǮŸջϣҪǮĵطأ۳Ҫֵصʱˣóյ׬ЩǮʱҲǮͰ﹤ü˶Ҫ࣡
ϲȵЩãȻô˵Ҳûô


246 ôô˳

ϲȵһշתߣҲ벻ԼҪôźãԴʮӣ²ˣ
һɣ˯˹ȥ
ڶЩǮѿӲϸ
һ˫è۶Ǯѿһ
զôģ˻˯ùöҪ緹ˣϴ㣬ҽĶ˰ɣ
ϲȵ飺ѿ㣬ֱܲܲӸźʹ󲮸ǲ𣿡
Ǯѿһۿ룬ϽϳȰ˵
ܳɣֲǲ֪ҹùúȾ磬ҪǾǿţͷˮ
Ҳ˵ҹùãֻ˵Ⱦ磬֪׼ƽ뿪룬˵Ӧ𣿡
ϲȵĳлϱ̬ҡͷᡣ
Ǯѿһ棺ǾˣҲ֪ӦֱӸǣ͵ڽȥ
㲻ĪҲǣһհ׼ң׼ҼҲᣬƴ֣ʱǵףɱһҲɱɱһҲɱҲԵ޹ʸһ𣿣
ϲȵŵȫë˸飺أ
ǮѿΣصͷѽأȻĻôż¾Բ֪ܽɾˣȫˣʱ׼Һǻ£ĪҺǲңû˵ȥ
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ϲȵһ
Ǯѿ𣿡
ϲȵӲͷƤ˵ͷţˣһᾡ
Сϱ극ְʰ˹룬ĥ䵽ʵǲŲˣŽʮسɽȥһ·ϸо̳һÿһоǲ񾭡
ϧ·ôûʱߵɽСԺ⣬ԶԶСԺһ󡰺ĺΪϡ棡
ŬЦǰȥȵؿԺһȺϰȭһȭʮغһɤӣʵеģ
ϲȵˣղ𣿡
ϲȵתͷϹȻ˸ӵİ룬*ǿЦ⣬ưؿڡ
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ϲȵſſΪҲһ
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ǰϲȵһ£ֻˣʾһû£ǳȥɡ
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ЦԹˣɩڼҹҲ̫ۣ˶ˣ㻹ͬͬ飿ȥɣиһŪٻҲһյ£ôļ
ĪСɣֻҸһȥˣĪȾҲûߣ롣
ӣΪȷȥɵڵͷҩҪȻɣֻûء
һۣû£С˶ѣĨѾöˣĹɣҿͦ˼ģ
˵ĹĪȾѾ˷ݣϵϲȵʵѾˣһ£ɵûһѹˣȴûҶʵ̫ţ֪Ҫ˵ʲôʲôã
Ե˶ȥ˲ſ۾ӡ
ɾݶıܣö࿴ȥµı죬±ںܴĻƻľӣȻ˯Ŵ齣Ա߰һֻƻľױ̨мֻСױϻһ֪ӦǰĪȾң
ϲȵһ󼤶ôô˳ûҪô˾Ѿˣ


247 Ϊ

ҲΪϲȵԼ벻͵飬ĪȾ͸ˡ
ͷֿʼȺȵ𹦷ϲȵ֪ȥˣͳ⹦ûˣæҵʼ䵹Ǹ顣
ĻŵҪƺڻԼϲȵ˽ײ£ֽҲڷ亹Ⱥһ
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֪ʱĿɨױ̨ϵױϻϽȥԭǺãȥǼֻϻӣͷҲûôֵǮΣ벢ںЩ
ͷֻױϻʱ㿴ͷмдīֻӡӵֽ
ϲȵ³ȴֲ֪Щֽ϶дʲôһִҴҰױϻָԭȻɻȥװΡ
ûʱŹӻˣͷ˺ܶĺͶ˿ȵĲ˲ỽ
ãϲȵѡ
ϲȵһҲҶװΣһֶ裬һŹӳȥˡ
ĪȾݸϽӽӹȥһַ
ӣԼ·ˮ
ЦĳУϲȵô飬˺˼Сż޵ۼŵųɣý˸оǼûζ
ĪȾӾ֪ˣԸҲΪ㣡
뱻⵱˳ﾢһȣ֪ң˰ɣȥĹĪҪ˻ö顭
ˣΪ䣬˵㣬ˣܲܰãоͷŻɽȥˣ
ĪȾֱ׳ػһ䣺ܷţԼҲʳҪûִ򲻹ԵУֻ񼦶۸Ϊҵģܽǰȥ
룺ðɣ
ϲȵ˰Ļһⲻȥ˼˻ҲѰ˵ôã͵˼ҵĶǲ̫ûˣ
ǲ͵Ǵ󲮸ܾҪ˶ĪҲҪù׸զźð
ϲȵֽоɽ󣬺йɳ嶯ҪŻȥ
ҪʵʩжͻȻĪСɣ
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ĪСɣֻٱ¨һȥڶݡ
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ĪȾȻýĲզˣ˶ȥ
Լֲͷȭˣûԡ
Ƶͷţɵ˵ûҸûԣ۴۵ģᣬÿ۸۸˭ƽԴСǣ
ͬػСȭͷƽ㣬ҪúҪһ𱣻ף
ĪȾȭ磺ûҪúñף˭Ǹ׵ĻǾһȭ
Ҳѧشһȭһȭ
ȭСɤŶϸߣ
үĺж밾õҩĪȾƼ˸ϽȥӵϣһͽݣҩŵϾȥ֡
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ĪȾһ⻰ϽͷܣΪȥúƺˣΪҪѧʯͷṦкЩĹ򣡡
Цֱ˳ȥˣתȥ߽ҩ
ϲȵռˣȻŻȥû


248 Ǹ

֪Ǻʱ뿴Ƥתȥ
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ϲȵҲװȥˣſ˫롣
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ȻҲ˵ǣҲ˵ǣҪɣоֳͬʣѡվһ֧
Ҫѡ๫ȻһԼĵ˺ãŻûȷľܱȶٷĺá
ϲȵǳ˳飬벻ϵ˹е
Ҳ㲻Ǽӵֱ۵𣿡
Цãô˵أܼͻȻҪӲǮ˵Ǯ
˵˵ĲĪҶѾˣΪ˱۵£һҪʮ˵ʱԣĺ
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ÿһӶðΣպò׬ģ˶оĪǮܺùη֣Լȥ취ѣֻѹΣ˵˼ֱ֪߳ܣ
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˼ﲻϰǼң
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ıģ˶ϱѵʱҪӲ£Ȼ
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ϲȵʣǾֻǴһ˻ҪĪһӶһأҲǵ𣿡
ĬƬ̣˭˵ʲôϲȵ㲻Ǹ뵽ôˣǲǮѿֺ繴һ𣿡
ϲȵû뵽仰ͿǮѿ֮ıʱ
ûûУ˵ģҡҾʡ
뽫ϵҩݸȺҩɣ׼ҵȷʲô¶óҲδѲУ
ϲȵ÷ŵǮѿŮΪ˼޽ۼң֪ڴʲô⣬ҵҪǼҲ
ϲȵҩ뿴
Щ޴Ŀ⣬ɫ΢ɣ̧ҷ
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ϲȵõģֻҪúøԼ£ǮѿҲʲô⣬ҪԵĻҺ磬Ӧ
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ʱҲǵ֪رۣһηȣеҩȵģǰ˸ģ˵Լռ޵ĪңӦۡ


249 

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ϲȵⲻ飬ǹȥڵ̵䵱ʱµĵƱ
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ģȻ˺Щɵע⣬ԭүҪ˵û󵱻£ҲΪǼԺ귴ĪСɣģԽԽ˳ۣĬĬá
ĺ˼ϲĪСɣ£ΪĪСɣ˵׻أҲüպ˵Ҳ١
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һֻصԺУϲȵҲѾݣ׼ȥȦǱι
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һȭһ͵ĪСɣۺЦˮ۾һֱʯͷϣʵһץӸΣ֣Ϊɶү˵


250 Ա

ʱɺɴسǻˣϲȵհŰ˷ɶԸţԺӭȥ
๫ˣ
ҲкСӣɿȻؼˣϲȵհ˷һٻؼҰɣ
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ҲųޣСү涮£
һڣЦúᣬȴЩڱСˣʰǲˣ


251 Ĳ

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252 쵶ն

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253 

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255 

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258 

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259 ֮

ʵϹ룬ľһĶҲôɣʵ̫ˣǺǺǺǡ
ܲ˵Լڶʮһͬүүһʱֻֻպ«ưǹİɣŲ֪λеʦķ԰ԼʵǺհգ
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260 

Ǯѿ԰̾˿Ҳԣ˵ûһֱأҲˣȻǾˣû
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261 Լ

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262 

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ĪСɣ۳ѻ¾ߣ̲סŰﰡ̫ˣҪҴɩ״ȥ
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263 Сȭȭ

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ҿǺĪҵˣһжĪҵΪء
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ͬص˵ͷ
Ҫ֪ӶĪҹ˭ҲĪҶǸףǵĺҲĪҵģĪҵǵ档
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˵һЦǶж񱨣֮ǰôţΪҲһأ
ĳ˶ˮ˵ôûϵǮͷ̫̫µЩƿСֶֶŮɥǡ
ǰɽʵڴȥˣһΣֲͷŲòܻ۴Ѱ·
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264 Ŷ

ߵԺʱһ
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265 ˺

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ҲֻؽۺãϸսȻųȥɻ


266 ̻̲

˵һʱйȻԼʼŶϸϽܻԺﺰ롣
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267 뻢ıƤ

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269 ˺

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ðɣ˼ʯͷʦĹãҲʦ
ȵسݱնߡʮӣȥָһӵ֮⣬Ѿǧӡ
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СǹԽԽɰȴֽȸУΪģ˵缸ѾɽͷڴˣԾûҵ˶ȻΪ𣬰׼Ҵ򲻳ɽɽ⣬ٰܿĿתϡ
ӣҲѾһԪ㰲ӡ
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270 Ͼɱ

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271 ҹ̽׸

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272 һԲϾͶ

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273 һ

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275 

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276 ҵ

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278 ɽ

ǣǣɽѲʲôصҩģڴһҲȷʵǲֵʲôǮ
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һһ˼ҵط׬ǮҲûǿ˽̸ԼĵοһһӵĹǮѾ֪ˡ
ֵȱ̬룬ģֻҪ㲻ǮͳɣƵļؼǶãġ
Ǳ˵ˣǼһˣһҪȥҲ˹ãĻЩ̤ʵɿһæ
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ҩĺҩĵĶǰǮ۳ǵĹǮµɽҩĵ˰ͷƽ䡣
ǶⰲŶûڶձ㿪ʼƻж


279 û

ָɽ̸һЩΪֵǮĲҩҩɵ֮ʯͷһɽ
ɽѲɵ֣Ҫˣߴѵɽѣһʮ¨ӣϼƵ
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280 ֻҪϲ

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281 ò˻

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287 

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288 

ԺôƯĺɻأкЩ۵ĹʵʵǸõطСһϽ֡
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289 Ǩ֮ϲ

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290 Ŷ

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Ҳ֤ʵеĲ²⣬ӿŲĳһߣߵ˺ɳرߡ


291 

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뿪󣬺ɳй෭һˮһ˶ĺӰ֫ŵسͨԺˮȥ


292 ʳ

ڶĪȾǧðһҪȥɳرߣֱĳŮͷƳš
ȥԺɣĳٵ˷ӻᷣ㣡
ĳһͷӿҪסΪĻǧĪҪһȥɳ
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ףΪӴһﶼЦĪҪϵ˿ɺã
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Ѿߵ˺ɳرߣֻһƬ̵ĺҶźЩƵ˵һɻҲûˣȴǺܺÿϰߴʵһõľ£лһͤоһ
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С̧ͷʯͷ壬֪ˡ
ʯͷ̾˿Ҳ֪뵽ʲôĿ⽥Զ
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ܳȥʯͷɳԶߡ
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ûʱֻʯͷͬһΪ¨ȡ˳Ѽϡ


293 ˲

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ˣŵõͷܣֱʯͷסӲűסҲ㵽һ껨ͷ
˫۾źɳرߣֻǹһþ


294 

ûʱɳйȻӤУͼһֻһ׶೤ĽŹϰһֻģӶֻų԰ϵϺ
ŵȫɪɪΪֻǹȫپȫԴֽ̣ȴһһĴβ͡
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ؿڳ³һֻҪħ֣ô˵ɰˣ
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ʯͷͷãӴӶˣĪɩú˰ɣ
һ֣ĺˣŹأ߰ɣȥԷ
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ֻʯͷΪЩŹ֣뷢һﾭԼԺϰ䣬Ժߵݼϣþöһ񡭡


295 е

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æϣģҲĶ˶ҲĪ뺦ҡ
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ҡͷ°ڳһʹǰǵ̬ԶϱݺúТ㣬պ׳ˣ˵᲻ԭ
ˣ˼Ŵ׳


296 

ţûǮѿеӣǿһҶȥسǣƬҵôˣгһմ׳ֻҪ߷磬ǾͻὫ׳￴ЩһͿȻطŮˡ
û뵽ô࣬ǾǮѿôƣҰĿȴ֪Ǻã
¸ôٴ𣿡
ͷ˸һۣǾҪԼˣĻʹ׳޾ɺãֻһʱ̫ͬԼҲӦдɣ
һ²ſڣˣûĪүȣû׼ˣǿȫǰⶾͣǲģοǮѿСҶҸ߼ҵţ
²ֻΪ˿סýĪҪټӺ޹Ĵˣ¼ȻѾ֪ƣǾ͸ٸˣˣұͬһȥسǡ
˵ͷȻˣǾͲپǮѿ£Щ͸˾ͽˣֻشһˣǡ
ЩңˣҪҡ¹ܲǣ
Ц£εˣѧŹűˡ
ܵУͷٸнŰ븣һ£֣ģˣһú
żңǮϲڣǴŴߣǰȥˣĪСɣӭĵס֡
ɩˣʯͷͬһ𣿡
ؿСӣɣΪβ磬Ҫʯͷ
ĪСɣʵһȣһɩ~ĪҪЦ˼˺òã
һ֣ɩɩڼ𣿡
ĪСɣͷҲڼңȫµȥߣǰˣǰѾߣ˲٣õ˼ӣֱأ˵ҪٶĶǰݡ
뵹ǲԣ԰ٶЩûʲôá
һҪҪȣĻҰѷ̸ǣԸҲˣֻһƬٱǡ
ĪСɣͷɩʣ϶Ӧ㶼뵽ȥˣЩ컹߶أܼȶãֻһС飬ҲǼ׬ˣ
ˣʵֹϣһĪȾǵ濼˾ˣǾҪǱ߰ˣسǵⶼԽż
ɣǵٹͬϸ̰ɡ
ĪСɣתҪߣϽֳס
ɩ㻹ûʯͷûлأжҪ
濴Сӣɣԭ˵ףﲻͬʯͷһеģʯͷô˵ҲǸˣС˵̫ɿϣպܹϰӣͬʯͷãΪԼĽ㲻Ӧ˽ʯͷǡ
ĪСɣһʧ䣺ɩΪ֧ңΪôҲ룿ʯͷ˵
ҾܺãΪֱѧʣ书ǸǿΪôܺһ𣿡
ҡͷǸˣѧʣ书ҲãΣ⣬㸶ٶҲлرĸ鲻ҪҲգ
ĪСɣȦһ죬ԽܵطǴɩô֪ʯͷ϶⣿
ü˵ʵ϶ʯͷĪСɣ⣬ȴóʯͷ˼δŵС϶٣ȽϣȻϲĪСɣ
ɣ㵱治һʯͷȣ˵ò书ѧЩ۴Ҳǰμĺˣʤڶʵ⣬պǼ޸Ȼûкӹ
ĪСɣ˵˶䣺ҲҪҲŲҪ޸أǸСӣʹûôǼһԱҲֻˣҪ๫
ɩˣôͰһΣҰѶʯͷУòã
ѵüСһСϱ࣬ĻܲӦ
ǺðɣѶңøǲգǻøû
ĪСɣһϲ̧Ĩ˰ᣬͷãɩֻҪҰѶø治գҡҲˡ
̾Ÿ˸СͷɣóõǲڼңҲý˷֡
ĪСɣϽȥö뱾Ϊ͸һǮ֮࣬ﾹȻһһģ
ɩˣЩҸʯͷ
룺ҪҪôʵϣ˵ôЩŶû𣿵óȥд˶Ƽ
İҲ̫Ŀŵ˰ɣ滳СǲҲʮһ͵ԽˣмŴģ


297 Ķ

ɽȥд
볯⺰һи͸ӦǣĪСɣɴ˫ͷһ¡
ɩʹ¹͵ĳ𣿡
Ѵŵϣ
ǣֻ˼͸СˣϢˣ˻ࡣ
ĪСɣҲ£սڣǼôЩİˣŹְ治״˼ΪɶҪôЩˣ
ɩʹ粻ǽʯͷҲڼİɣЩˣѵҲǾͲ»쵽ﻵˣ
ЦõŹ˸ӣ̽ʯͷϸС
ʯͷǲһ˶ģĻ˼£жм¼һ֪
統ʯͷ˵˲ɳ
ֻ֮ǻĹϵ˵ѣǻݻĽףʱ뿪ǸҲһӣҲ˵գҲ޷գ㶮𣿡
ĪСɣҧҧҲЩһˣҾȥ
룺ѾͷаԴˣ
ûʱĪҴ⣬͸棺ˣˡ
Ǹ˶İݣĪСɣ
ɩٰҴ仰ֻҪ⣬Ҳһи
ͻȻֺС͵ĸоǱүˡֲɣ
أһ̧ͷȻʯͷϣһ˫ȻĪСɣ
ĪСɣҲʯͷС˶ʯˣ죬ɫˢһӺ쵽
ʯʯͷ磬ҡҷŵĻҪͬ˵ģ
ʯͷ΢΢һ£׾ƤҲһӺΪΣϽ³Сʷŵǰ
Īɩϳɡ
ְѴš
ʯͷֱ㽫˹ȥŽڣŰ˳ŻͷŵҪĪСɣ
ĪҲ֪˵ôǣ
ĪСɣۿżںͷҾ˵Ҫ
ɿÿĻɣݰɣٹ
ĪСɣԼʳָ͵ؾ˲ھӹ˵غ²ϱҪȫ塭
Сջض½ţԶֻתԺȥˡ
˴ӲſڣʯͷĶɣġ
ʯͷһԲؼųƿͼλֱͦñֱ˺ðӦһΪΣ
üԼɣջǲգɵá
ʯͷǰûֱصɽϵԺӣ˳ڳڡ
ʯͷͷһ̧ۣüģ˵ʵڵģѡ̫Ϊˡ
ϲĪСɣӴһμ;رɰҳúÿǡһĪСɣ⣬ҲԼݻ˼Ҵ鷳õѡǱܿ
û뵽ôãĪСɣȻڼ֣˵ʲôζۣвԼһӾȻû˼ŮӸΪԼûո˼ҴҸȣȴЩĶ
ĪɩЩҲգûȥɡ
ѾߵſڣԻͷˣ治գҪ֪˼һ⣬ܾĻ뷴ڿ¾ûˡ
ʯͷһ£ռᶨתȥҲᷴڡ
̾˿ǺðɣҾͰѰȥڴ֮ǰ㻹лı
ʯͷĪһ£ԾݶԺԶϻ룬ͻȻɽȥֻ¹Ƿڵ
뵽ͷҲδصԺкһĪɩ뿪һ¡
սݣԸϽֳݶȥҪȥģͼʯͷһչ㳯ݺԾȥֻһ˾ͲӰ
ôʲôѲĪСɣˣ
Щѹ̾˿һ
ˣʹʹҲá
͸СȫһãȻԡ
ʯͷһ·еϻ벢δ϶ã·ֻɹ̫ϻûϻԵԾ˹ȥֱסǴɽ
ɽλϻȺɽ֮Уվɽһƽ̨СԼзԲʮɣλý˸éݣݺиȻˮ̶ˮ̶һȪļðˮ˳ɽ£γһٲ̶ˮݴֻ̣¹еؿݡ
ʯͷɽһ·ɽھɽһͣǰʮɸߵĻԼƼӵֲ뵽ȴĪСɣ˫ۡ
ʹסɽϿٲˮ̶
Ǵоɾ
ʯͷɽһۣɪɽѾ˪⣬Ҷ׷ףţһ·Ұǣϻӣ棬Σ޴ڣɾ
ҡͷ̾˿Ųһɽ·ϵɽ̧ۿðŴ̵éݣʯͷڵ


298 

ˣ˭éѲɽԺʦˣ
ƽһƷ͵ԱϮ
͵Ϯ
ʯͷƷ򵽱֮ǰһǰˣ͵һܿƷͬʱֱʯӣЯ֮˳ȥ
ӴСӣأ
һ׺ͷͨһſ˵ϣŭ
ʦû°ɣ
ʯͷϽܹȥˣȻͱͷһȰڵأƤѹסıϲġ
С겻ˣΪѹס㣿
ʯͷСͷɵ˸ʵʵطһСͷֵ˵ϣˤ*졣
ʦҶˣܸܲӣ
СͷϺȥТĳСӣʦǰҪôӣ
ʯͷ˫ֳסСͷ򣺡ĪҪˣû⼸ȥģһΪ·أ
Сͷ˰ţҲûﵽͽȥֲֻˬϥһ
Ӳ˵ɽѡ
ʯͷҪ֪֪ǹҲű
Сͷؿ˿ôҪűˣΪʦʮŵ̶ֳȣ
ʯͷ۾ΪɵؿʦӦһͽܰɣ
СͷЦ̧ͷ
ܣʦ˲ã㰡ҵǵ߸ͽ
ʯͷ˿ҲԼڼͽܣֻ֪£һ⹦Ѳɷǵø²ܸһ𣿵ڶһֱϸʯҵԨԴ˵𣿡
Сͷʵǳ˳顣
Сӣͦʵʦ⹦ͽм񹦣һ㣬صý֮˽ˣܵõһ
ʯңĲʶշϾΪΪʦĹҲʵ͹ʲܳܵΪʦĹԲ˳ְˣĹ˭ҵޣ
ʯͷ
˼˵ǽܲ˵˻𣿡
СͷһȻǣΪʦαطôĹ򵽴ȥˣ
ʯͷһ㵣ʦɽʱ䣬ѲΪ˸Ҹܴͽܣ
Сͷգգ۾ίصͷȻΪΪʦڵڶҵһʵѡɣҵĹˣû취ֻȸ˸ʦܣȻһ꣬ڹ;ǡҵ
ʯͷǹߣԭҪðĸм֮һɢ
ߣҿΪ˸Լͽܣǻ·ǡŸʵģ˳ָҼ
ˣСͷϽЦ壺ӴͽƲ˵㲻ʦӣ˵ˣʦΪ㻹úأ뵽̶ȣ
ͽΪʦѾƫˣظã֪ͷҲ߸ʦ֣ȫû⹦һν׵Ŀ飡
ʯͷһ˼ȫű˵𣿡
ĳλʦһͷǿɲǣΪʦԼ˴ǲΪʦֻ˴֮ˣϧǻǲΪʦĻ᲻ýˣʱϾľ˽Ȼ͡
ʯͷһ亹㲻˽ģһֻĪȾͨȫٸһ㹦ȫûԼܻжʧˣ
ҲĪȾװ˴ķţĻǵȵڣ治֪Լô
ʦǹδĳ̶ȣǷҲܸ˴أ
ͷסץ˰ŹŹֵؿδΪҪ˴϶Ȼûôɹ
ʯͷ
ֻ봫㴫ˣѵ治ɣ
СͷգգۣǱ㴫ˣ
ʯͷСʵصͦõģȻֻв꣬⹦Ѿͽô˶ܱˡ
Сͷŵؿꣿ㡭ҲҴͽΪʦҪ治Ū
ʯͷĨĨͷ亹ǰΣҾôͦ˳ѽҲûöٹ㴫ˣ֮ҵľҲ˲ء
СͷһŶ֪⴫һ˼֮˵ԸҲˣһ˱ԽĹһ̣ܿȫͨ裬һ岻͵
ڶò;ʹҲ𷴿֮ģֻҪ΢еִˣͽǺ꺢Ҳ£ʹ֮Ȼûвѵðѵá
ʯͷ˻˿뵽ʱ۵ͷ󺹣ȴҧӲԭСʵǸģзԼش
ʦͽ˵Żé߳һĸߴݿʣһϮΪصƽһǲ¼ϻŸҩ¨ȥСС
Сеȱȭһ񣺡ʦλʦ˰ɣ
ҲűȭһҾҹĽСʦ


299 ԩ·խ

ʯͷϽ񣺡ҲңֻҲΪͽҵĹѾ˴ˡ
ҹĽ۽΢飬̧ϸʯͷһۣҲһۣͫ͵һַɿػָ糣
ŵЦ޷ֻҪλҪʱλй
СͷǺЦۺӣҲãǾҹӰһˣС϶ɽɣʦͽҪһȥ㡣
ҹĽллүӣ±㹧ˡ
ʯͷʦҪߣϽڽ˺סʦͽɽУĪҸӻͬͽѧͽ˴ֻ󻨺Ͷǿɺá
Сͷת㻹ҪɽѵΪﱨһ£ΪʦȰ㣬²Ϊֺαִţ̤̤ʵʵɽЩҰζ׬ЩǮȢϱȥ
ʯͷû뵽ⲻ׵ʦھͿʼѵϷȵص˵ͷ
ʦͽ֪ˣͽûô֮£ɽ˽ĪҸӹ򣬾롭Ȣͽϱ
ĳλʦϲȥһ׽סͽ֣ݺسҭ
棿ͽ֪ΪʦŵүүεúӶˣɵøϽͽϱҴҲԸˣ
ʯͷ
ǺǺǣʦˣϸ꣬ˣұ֤Ҿȸˣʦϱأ
СͷһɶѲͽϱǸСŮޣ
ʯͷüǣͽҪòܻˡ
˵תãȻվһԵСУʦܰʦ˼ҾͰˣҪЩǧĪ˰
ĳλʦĨﴷض㣬ԹΪɶҸϱޡԡףһ̧žҪЬ
ͽʦ̨ģ
ʯͷȱܣʦĪҪ뱧ӣϿɵñأ
һԾɽͷҹĽɫһüͷ壬ǰ׺ͷ͹Ϊ˵ˣû뵽һδڵ꾹ȻҲ˹Ȼĸ󻼣
ҲˣСʦһȣ
ʯͷҹĽĺ滺ͣסŲ̨Ī»㣬֤㰲ȫͳϻȥ
ۿ̫ͷֻ߳ȥʯͷһֱδ飬Ϊ˵ˣֻý͸ɫ磬ĪӦûæʱּݻشУǸĪСɣ
ʯͷԺк
Īɩ˼δұλ˻
뾪ϲӭȥδԺ˱ӦһʲôʯͷֵܵĿ˱ǼҵĿˡ
͸ԺţʯͷԺһֵллĪɩ
лλɩˣ
ҹĽһ̧Цݶʱס۵Ѹ䱸֮ɫ
ҹĽȴһŵЦΪ񣺡ǻҪͷɩһãسǣ֪񣿡
ҹĽƺûϳһ㣬ȴᵡ̧ס
ϣýʯͷֵһ̡
ʯͷٴлĪɩлˣλ̨ϱ
˸ͷ˵ʯͷֵܲؿ
ҹĽȴֿڣ֪λɩɷڲȣ˶·ʵǿڿʵúܡ
ֻԼòģµתȥ
β㣬ͽ˸衣
һһ߷Ը͸衣
ҹĽֿƺ㲻뷴Ӧǳͣ
صü֮ϣ˼תܿͨҹĽ֪ܲסһǰǴαѾ֪ĪȾסɽϣ˿ȴװʶԼթ
һתԵɣҹĽʯͷ˵ã֪Ƕ֣ͷɵŲ¶ɫ
ҹĽ˴뾩ν᲻ΪԼ
ӦôأǸɴʯͷ£ɱ֮ڣǾʹ˷˻ȥ
ҡͷԼ뷨ɱڿ²УҹĽ˶֪Ϥǲأ鷳ү֮ɱã
Ǿʹ˷˻ȥֻպҲаʵڽΪѣ
ǵǸ˵Ӧ߲ˣ㲻ԣҲ취Ǹ͸
ˣˡ
뿴ĺЩҹĽһ˰ˣ
͹ȥɡ
ȡ̺Ͳ룬Ųˮ
ͷʯͷлˮӹ˵к¶˿ҹĽ
̨Ȳɡ
ǣ׺óƥ߽Ժӡ
ʯͷʦ׺ˣҪϸݳͶλһ̣
ʯͷ뻹ҡͷлԼȥɡ
Ҳû˵һ£ϵϣתָɻȥˡ
ҹĽ΢ЦָָǰԺӣﵹʮ徲ôһƬأʵǸõط
ʯͷ裺̨Ҳϲ԰𣿲˵Ҳʮְ͵ӣ
ҹĽ̽Сʦ˼˹ϵǳ


300 

ʯͷЦûɽ֮ȫĪֺĪɩչˣ
ҹĽ̾λɩǺÿ֮ˣ
ʯͷҡͷĪɩʵϲסڴ˼䣬ҲǺƤסġ
ҹĽЦСʦʦĶԻ֮⣬ƺСʦ㴫λĪ书֪˿Σ
ʯͷԸ̾ĪʵǸ书ţʱչȻ֮ϣ
ҹĽ۵׺һţǿˣ֪Сʦ´ͽܿɷ£˵ǺܺãȴԱ֤ȻȫСʦйСʦ𡣡
ʯͷлʯͷл̨ˣ´ҪҶȻһ㡣
ҹĽһݣͽܱлʦˣ
ʯͷϽסĶ곤سʲôʦǻֵܰɣĪҲˡ
ҹĽΪѣʹãȻҪʦʦĪҪźá
ʯͷ֣治ˣһδͽܵ׼ο֮Ҷ˶洦Ǳƽֵ֮֮Ǹʤʦͽ
ҹĽɿڣ±㹧ˣ
ֻ¼ھǣ˴ǰֻʡףʦүӣɽֵһ֮ȴȥóˣֵҪʱµĲڴ˼䣬ǿǺã
ʯͷҲЩΪѣ̨ԭǾʿǲ󷽱㣡
ҹĽֵɣʯͷֵǷһֱסڴ˼䣿±ÿ°ǰ̽һΣֵҪ˴ңϱӾǸ
ӱҲ̫ãаԣʦ˵ˣԳС֮ãӦòᵢ¡
ʯͷ룺ҵҲһڴ˼䣬ɣ̨ȥسʱָһطһڴԼҲҪͷ̨֮ǰسǴԺӣңӦûڡ
ҹĽͷãǱһΪ
˺ʯͷݳҹĽԼͬǱ߿һۡ
ʯͷĪɩȥȥͻأ
Ӧһá
ҹĽû¶ͷ㽫ַİĳĿƴǣ뵽뷽ŰʱǸСĽֻҲģԼĲɫͷһԪȻûƭȷʵǸˡ
ʯͷһ·ҹĽͻسǣָָĪլķŸǣҹĽˣʯͷֻĪȥһˡ
ĪȾҪɵʯͷˣ
ʯͷҲǵϲɻ󣺡ĪҪشѵҪȥԺѧ
ĪȾЦһڰҪٻǣҼӻ˴壬ҵƲңҹһ˻Ầ¡
ʯͷ˵жӰҳɡ
ĪȾֵˣ
ʯͷʵԸ棺һλ½ʵ̨Ī磬ʦɽˡ
ĪȾѧһ飬˵ҹĽʱĪȾ͵ؾԡ
˵˽ô֣
ʯͷظһ飺λ̨ҹҹĽ
ĪȾĬƬ̣ʣһ˴ӣɼҼӣ
ʯͷͷˣĪֿǾͻʵǱǸҹֹ򲻺ãֻѧЩŹϰ˰ɽ·۵òᣬżݳسǣʵǿǲܡ
ĪȾ磺ʯͷֵܣҲǹ㣬ֻҹҼԨԴ˵ӣʵǸֻ½Ҫˣ
ʯͷΣ⡭ҡʵû뵽ˣҵĴɩ˹ηҶɣ»ȥ
ĪȾҡͷǵأҲôֵֻüס´ǧĪҪˡ
ʯͷʶأصͷȻĪ˽䱸ˣȻ³½룬ס
һ·شӣʯͷؼųɽСԺȻԺС
ɫѾˣԺеһϮؿʯͷĪȾ㡣
๫ãд飡ʯͷֵܺǶһɡ
˽˲ɫڡ
ˣʯͷֵǰҴýķҲҵͬҴһҸļ֮ˣʶңӦηʯͷĹ
ұ뽫ɱ˼ȥֻǻշŻɽһǲ
ˣûеĿŵǣӽǵôʮ־С߼޻ƣ
Ҵǰװǳһ䵽ﶼٲһҪССģ
ĪȾͷӷģΪԲõѱⷢӡ
Щ£ɵֻǷűܷǵ治ֱӼӺǣ


301 ¿Ұ¿

˿ĵò޵ֻǰ׼һô£ҹĽƶˣȨҲȰ׼Ҵö࣬ʵöԸ
ʯͷΪգȫңʵóȻǰ
ҡͷ㲻˰װأҲȻ׼йأ׼ҪԵľңⳡ鷳Ƕ㲻ģ
µҲã˵ǼңȴҲ֪ˣպÿԶЩ
ʯͷ֪θмѣĪɩΣ¶ʯͷǷǣǵ鷳ʯͷԴ
οЦʯͷֵܲع⣬֧Ϊ뱾޿ɺǣ֪֮϶в֪߲Ϊ
ҲټƽЩôδ鷳Ҫ
ԭ̵๫Ͼˣӳ׸Ǳ㲻мɵϽʱӽ£ҲٺΪ
ǲҹĽȻǰضǸýļƲˣܹͦһأֻҪҹģͲٱ׼ƣ
ĪȾ㰵սȭͷ
ӣ˭㣬Ϊ򶼾Ӧ
οһЦ²֪ǻкξٶһҪСΪϣԲӦ䡭
Բ֮ظݣһҹ޻ڶһ˯ĳԱ˳գֱӸԺӣ˼ҺúѧϾΨʣ
ĪȾлŻĸϻ
ӣĪҪ̫Ϊ򣬸ɻЩˣǧĪҪţȻΪ۵ġ
һͷߣԼСģסʱ̵İ׸ˣ
ʯͷ͸ǳӣ޶˳һ칷
ͻشֿʼյأżǮϴһ˶֣ĪСɣҲˣӵʱСһֱʯͷıӰίֶˡ
ǮϿûһŮúøɻүӲ֪ʱ˽ǰ
үЦǺǿڴкĪְ˵ɼյأ˶Źæ
ǮҲЦǶүޣ˶ģɲæ
үӸϽҡͷͷӵӣǴɺϱԵã˶мǴŴһ׬ǮԲŶ֡
ǮүӿҶӺϱȻҲˡ
үҲĪҪſɣҲϢأֽͬɵһڹӼ飬˵ˣպû׼Ҳܿ
үᵽ˳򣬼˶òɫڡ
Ī˵ͷһֱи뷨û˼ͬᡭ
Ǯүӵ˼תͷ˿ʯͷӰĬĬѹŮ
үл˵ֲˣô˼ģ
үֳһ£̽ſڣǼСɣҲҪ˰ɣӿɿǹ˵£
ǮЦЦ˵ţѾͷ߶ԼСҪٵһӣүӿкʵѡɣһ£
ĪСɣ͵ػعͷ˵ҲҪô˵ףҲ
үӸզְѻҭ˻ȥ
ǮջѵŮĻ˵СӲô죿
ĪСɣԲ۾˦֣˵ҵ£Ϊβܲ죿˵ڲ˵£ҺżңȻҾ͡Ҿҳߣ
Ǯԭֻڽѵһ£û뵽Ȼڳԣλˣ
ѾͷզԽԽأȻҳвҪ췴˰ɣҿҸ߸ԣȣ
үӸϽȰ⣺ˣˣĪӣҲĪҪͺɣһ˵ӻ붩ףǾʹٴһҲһʱ
ǮϵŮһۣүӵĻ̨ס
˵ҽǵúúýѵѵ㲻ɣ㻹ҲҺ˵˵
ĪСɣ˱죬תɿظĲ
Ǯϡ棡һջָָ⺢ӣԽԽ
үЦ˵ƢĺӸɻҲСɣظָֿɾǶأ
Ǯϳ˳Ů񹷿ƵĵأǸͦɾһ붼û䣬ֻͷβ룬ʵûۿλЦõؿүӡ
үͿɣ⺢ӰҲ˭ͷ¿
ǰͷĪСɣһӴǶ˵
Ǯϣ
ѾͷûûСģүӿɽЦˡ
үֿ䣺飬Ǽ£̫ˣ򣬸ɵҲĥ䣬ںͷԶ
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ĪСɣ͵ػعͷ¿Ұ¿ܲܲԸ¿
ү̲סЦŮ


302 

һæʮĶѾС룬ŸĵɹȳҲѾôʯƽһɱɹµʳˡ
м͸Ժ֧ʮĴͷ˺üȫĴˣϸչʱֱк﹤ĴǳԹŻؼҡ
˸ɢûһᣬĳֳҹˣĪȾһ³ȥǣ룬ִ顣
ӣΪڣˣ
һۣǲ㡣
ĳ¶һЦӷģΪȻ࣬Ϊڣֻܲǡ
룺զôأ
ѧɻ˳
ĪȾһǣС֣һֽ˹Ķӱߡ
ͷ˵
˳ӵغһݣ˽Ӱõϣ˵
ȻϣΪһȥԺ㷢ֲԾƽֻΪһǰӽѧȴˣλֵܣ
һǿΪ㣿
ĳЦӵΪˣ
˵أ
ĪȾǣ֣ϸϸĦģͻȻüͷֻСֿȥ
ӣôһչֽĥģ
Цܲ˵°ˮ𣬲ֲģϽ˵û۸㣿
ĳ۵СˮݣңΪֲɵǸ̲ᡣ
죺ôرǵѵģ
ĪȾ㽣üһΪҲδôֻǸڷߣͬӽ˴յѧʣһλϰСյı
ѧʱ˳·ͽķӻؼң벻ӾסǼԺӺͷңҺΪ򲻺ȴͬһ˷
λֵûôԣҲڷӼй䣬ҺʱѾˣΪǽ˼ңݳֱӻشˡ
ֱƣ׼ҲͬӼķӸϣϾЩѧĸǾǸ߹٣Թ֮ĵ
๫տɵôЩлӶĿǣ˼Ұ׳԰׺ȣ
ĪȾ֣ӣ治صģҡ
ˡкҪ㣿
˵ĳüɫ衣
λ壬۳Ҫ䣬ڼΪ򣬽Ϊ£Ϊ򷴰ΪʤӱԽ̱ΪΪд˰磬ʵΪֻ֪ǲΪգΪָһѡ
룺ðɣ๫ĲУǾ޵еĸ֣
ҲѹλӲϧؼңԷҪ֪˶ѧա
ͻȻһ֣տǿˡ
ĪȾͳôѧͬҽѧʱ˯ÿˮˣʱʦĸĸӣ˼ҵ۽ֲ˼񣡡
ȻһڱѣֱǸҸܰ
ã׼ЩģҲˣضԱ˰ɣ
ĪȾͷӲ࣬ΪԱˣӣΪǣ
룺ˣ
˵Ĺɿ̱ѣף˯˰
ĪȾһѵһָ˻ȥĪˣС˯ȥ
ʱСһ壺~ͬһ˯
뻹ûȳͼ๫һѽЮҸ£ȴ󲽣ֱӳͷȥ
Сӣˣ벻ͬոСˣ
ԹϴˣҪСãҪСܵܣ׿Щɣȥ˯
ĪȾ⣺˲Źԣ
Ｋˣ˵ˣҲ˭
һȥٴνû˯ѵƳѣĪȾϴ꣬㱻˰˸ӣֱԺӡ
װӵĲӻֵ𣺡ӣ򲻿ٹڲͣϵˮݣΪˡ
һۣԼСģĪˣģ
һԺ͸үӣʯͷ۹۱Ǳǹģϰ߾ͺãԱˣû׼ҲʡЩ緹ǣ
ֻһհյؾͲǰˣΪŸһʱĻͼݻ˳ɽ·Ҫ룬Ѿ֪˭
ûһͼѾߺַһŽŮԺУڸɻһȺˡ
ѾߴС㣬ǼҴСˣ
߻ԺӣһúһߴȥİԪ㡣
ǰ龰ͷĺֱӿǰŵĴˡ


303 

Ԫܽع٣ͷ佻ӳ°͸̧ϸϻźĹ͢ױʵһɺŹ󸾵Ķׯ֮࣡
һϮźɫ֯˿䵭ɫĵȹһ˫ܽزʷЬȥǻŽأһĸ
ϧλýòɫ΢ڣƽƽûһͺصĹ͢ױӳɣʵûκܽ˾޵ĵطױݼӳɣҲѲһ
Ӵʲô羹ȻѴô߹˸ˣѲɾӲùѰô
ԪնЦһϸ۽ǲ˲
ãĪҪ˵ЦˣҪҪͬ飬˶࣬ɷ̸
վû⻰˵ģ˶ʲôǰ׼Ѳʲô˵˵ҲƼˣæû˶ڸɻȴȥ͵еĵ
л˵ؾҲûϵ㿴ôһأ˺ЩʳֻװҲۣ˭ҴأǴĸҼĻĺӣ
Ԫ㱻Ƶһ˵һŤԭŽݺȲĹװжͿԺ׼ںͷŵˣȻؽѾͷϻذ׸ȥ벻뾹Ȼݶ
ͷôˣô˫۾ضǣҪ֣
λҲ˵ãаգȴָЦ
ûСʱһͬ㿪Цʵֻͬ˵˵׵£㵱Ҫҵ˵˵˵׵
밵üȻ֪Ԫ϶²ɰԪԽҪԽͷɣѾܹ϶Ůǽݣ֤£
¹ĸףҲԪ㵱ںﻵĸ׵
ǣֺαذѹңѲû治ݰǿЦѣ
һæţҴˣͬ˵˵
Ӵͷһ룬æģֻ֨һﶼأ
볯˸ллӺʹһˣû׼ҪҰæء
˵תԸһ׼緹͸
ȥһõĲ㣬ЪЪɣӾһ·ˣ
˵ǾǶسǣװ֪ԪǴӰ׼ġ
ԪòԼݣĻ±Ѿߺųȥ
ߵſͻȻվ½Ųͷһʯͷֵܣ鷳кһſڵĳ򡣡
ʯͷӦһĪɩģҶкܵ
΢ЦתԪ㣬ȥ
һ˲˵˴ǰȰҼ޸ҷΪ檰ɣ
ԪֱӣҲһЦ
õ͸Ҿ벻ͨˣҪҹôõͥ룬ҪƧ͸ûϢأѲӻ𣿡
˵ͷûӴǻˣûҹã㵹ǲ˵˵ʲô*ҴӦ£
ԪԱһڳһ߸ϵ̬Ŀɨһǰ򵥵ӡ
˵ԵģҹʳסУҪǿɫγҹ㣿ʱʳٻ󣬲㣬Ҳմ⣬̧ΪޣҲڰ׸κ˵
ã룬ĪȾպܹйΣӹٽǹپ֮λܴùүҪպҼɾҪϮ֮λģ
ѲպϮ˾λ㣿ĪҪû㣬Ŷӵ򸮵˶أ㲻ô˿븮ץʱ䲩ɾĳ谮ֻµʱ˽ȵǣǱûĻˣ
װ˼֣
Ԫҡͷʵɣ¸бѾһλ˶ȻɫΪѷɫ֣ıȴҶǿ
ѾģҿǷ˺ôŽÿһӭ㣬ʶ࣬ϽֵĻģ븮ǻܽŮ˱ȥһЩŮºӣҹүעãֻҲˣ
룬Ī˵кû᲻㣬ɾˣǵҪĪһӺڣɾǸӵˣ֪˲ʶ࣬ҲŹĪġ
ܿ˲ָԪ㵹յ衣
㣬ĪҪ㷽Ҫ˵׵£֪¿ɻã
Ԫյɫƿ뿴˿ͷĲˮ
ǺòأƷã벻СͦζϧʵǿСز˵ǲ֢Ⱦˣĸ˻ᱻȾϣ㽫͵⾲ȥˣĳ롭


304 ջʬ

Ԫѻ˵һ룬ҡҡͷֿʼյˮ
ǵ֮ɫﵽ˸ˣ㣬ĪŴǲˮ˵
ԪǣãôԶ·˵ôĻܵýɤ˵ɣ
һУ־Ҫǲյ˵
ԪһתĶɿغ˿ڲ裬żװҪ˵ȥ
ĳ룬Ȼһˣ֮£һŭ֮ɱǸˣҲˣ룬ǲӦһȥǡ
ŭ˵˵ﲻˣ
ԪüͷͻȻַ̧סԴĿŹֿɫİ롣
㡭ڲˮô
ûȰشϲյ㷭ڵأҲᵹϡ
ѾߺֶʱڳĴʧɫǰȥҡΰԪ㡣
С㣬СôˣѰ
ǰ̽̽ԪõıϢããûˣôˣ
͵ָ̧סðС㣬²ˣСĸʵ飬㾹ȻԴС´˶֣˵ǴСô
ʼ̯֣޹ĪҪ˵иʲôǲϺõҲԺȺԣ⣿
ַŭָס˵Ȼ߳ŭǴС˶ΪλԲѣ˰ϽʹСؼң
˵űͬѾһȥԪ㣬ϰһ棬ȳˣҰ⼸ӺҴĻʶ£
ԶʱţСҪǿпѺš
ЦһĪҪ׷ˣƺͷǼһҲͱҵ˴ˣ
ؿĳһϽԪ㣺С㣬Сΰ
˵װεİԪ㷴ӦҲûУֲưԪ㣬Ծɰ㷴ӦҲûС
ۿľٶ
֣ǸһӣҲѣǲҶҾԸһ£ôϲⲻ⣿
־ŵؿ㡭㵱ҸǴСʹ
ҡͷҿûô񶾣ȵĲǵɺҩѣòʱˡ
һҡΰԪһŭӰ룺ǸǴСһëү͹үܱԲ˶ߣ
˫һУɭɭ֡
̫ţȻвңԭҲԴΣȻڮңҾ㲻ҲӲǵݣһʲôˣ
һ£͸ʯͷУѾߺٹгͱʯͷһһڵء
ĪɩȫˣҲѾѴЩ׼ҵļҶΧˡ
ɫѯʣ׼˶ˣ
ʯͷʵصʮš
ǹҵģҺСǼ緢֣Ȼ鷳
ûʵڰҹĽ֮󣬾Ѿź˷ʩشȥϡľϣǰæмＸӴŴСҹڴڸţǷ˽塣
Ԫ˽֮ǰڴһȺҶСͼСͷǵľٶܻɽ˰롣
ʯͷ˿мŮˣĪɩôЩˣ
һ˼󴽽΢΢һôˣðײã
ʯͷɻؿҪã
ʾʯͷԵȣȻȥ˼ʮ˹׻ҵС裬óʯͷ
ȥһ˸ιһ裬˵ʦŶİջʬ裬ûĽҩ֮߱ȻɽԹԸɻǡ
ʯͷһѵС裬Ǻݳһ£Īɩⶫж𣿡
ͷţʲôö㵱ЩιǼǵϴ֡
ʯͷȻţ׺͵ŮӣȻ˺ݶ
ߣüߴ٣ȥô죬ٸɶЩ
ʯͷϽЩڲ౵ˣڲ߶ʮһǰֻܸȺסļҶһﶪһţֱһؿǿ£ȻһسɫļҶǿڡ
ѾʦŶİջʬ裬ǰòҵĶŽҩɣ
Ҷŵæȥɤ۶
ʯͷЦһð׷ⶾմˮѾǵ壬Ȼ˿³һҲ޼£
ǹԹңһˣǽҩǲǾ͡ǺǣֻܵŰ֮˸ʬɡԣʬҲˣʱǽܾĥջΪһ̯ŧѪöģ
ҶѾɫԽӶġ


305 ԸϹ

λүôģ㷢ģǽҩɣ
үڰǲôģǽҩɡ
ʯͷŲæص˵ͷģҲֳǹԹȻǽҩ룬ôأ
ҶǿͷҾүֻܷԸǱ֤Թ
ʯͷ￴һȦһԴɣɽϻһѻû꣬ȥ½ЩΣ
ҶСָָЩʮָסǵĴˡ
үĪҪǣȥ
ʯͷŴһ֣λףһӣȰµֵһؿɺãҲôһﶼ಻ǣ
ӵȻһЩ·Ǵǲģ*ɵÿǣǵҪʹǾͽǻŧѪĪҪƸǽҩ
ʯͷЦǺǹ˹֣λģҶῴǣһǲҲԶһǣĸģõϰգȡһ￴Σ
Ӧãã͵ˣ
ǺһȺѺʮҶɽһ˷һȻǸӣʳȥˡ
ʮҶˣЩֺʯͷҩǴһѼǸԴһîʹɻ͵ˣᶪյವĿ죡
Ǳ߰͸ԪȥͷΣ˷٣ϵĹ͢ױͬѾһѰ£Ȼɸݳɽ
ߵʱǮѿӭҪȥҿǶǱ߾ۣȴǲйȥǷɶ𣿡
ͣһۣĪЩ£Ҫȥһˣͬȥ
Ǯѿһתϵͷðһ£ȥѱõĲЬϣûЩǮס
ͷӦһ㣬˽Ұ⼸ѾͷˣһЩء
ǮѿһȳһյܻȡһĲЬܻǰ
ϳһޣݳȥ
Ǯѿκػͷ᣺ҴɩΪҪѼѾͷ˰
ЦһΪΣѾͷĪү⣬Ȼǲã
ǮѿȻ򣺡ԭˡǷŴôЩˣǸɶѽҳôȫɽˣ
һۣ׼ǿ˻ȥүӴȥˣܴЩ붯ô۶Ӱɣ
ǮѿһϽ֣ĻᰡҵѾĹˣֻ̤̤ʵʵȴ׳Բǡ
һǸٺҵһĲ㣡
ǮѿڳһĹ˳ģұ֤ٺˡ
һûһ˵Żܵü죬ûʱϣųͣһӣֱѳݵ˻ϣͣ³ԪѾӵֱߡ
һȥׯӸЩҪȥͲЬҪҪ˳·ȥ
ǮѿŵڵϵŮӣ˼һתܾˡ
鷳Ҿ͵ͷֿڵӻӣȥæɣԸ߹ȥɣ˶鷳ȥһ¡
䵭ص˸ͷǳɣҾˡ
һ֣ųŻһͷȥǮѿװģسŽֿһС·ͷݵĳת˺ͬתȳСܵԪ㼸˸ǰ
Ůϸ˿ˣͨҲһ㣬ӦǰѾߡ
ʵǰϹԱ߱ǻ¥ǱȥôҲܵõӣҼ⼸ˣ¥˷ҲʰȥҪܴĺû᣿
Ǯѿû֮ǰԼ¥£ɵúܣѾ߾ƭǼ仨¥ſڣǱĵطͷһպʶҲΪ
Ǯѿ֮ͨ󵨵سŻ¥ﺰ裬˳֣
һ˼Ǹ۵ŴżԺ
ôأɫúܣǻûţ
ǮѿһЦѽ裬Ұǵ𣿡
ϴε˸Ѹλ裬˵λò磬Ǹ
ԭ㣡⼸զ£
Ǯѿ̾˿ⶼҵĽããҼֵ̫࣬ȢϱҲǮ·ѣֻýˡ
¥λЦһԭҪѽ˵˰ɣԼҹŮŪ˵ģò˰ɣ
ǮѿڳһĳԾɲ˵ʵǴ˼ҷµѾͷֻǰ˶ѣ˵ղհɣ
λ̨׹ȥŵϵİԪ˿˼ۡ
ⳤҲզɴǵҪӣ
Ǯѿһţ˼ҵ


306 Ϊ

ûɣЩҲɣǾ͸ۣҾͽˡ
¥һΪѣûĸհ
ǮѿЦĪҪ˵ǰ˵Ҳǲ֪ɶҸɣҲûҲ𣿡
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ȴһԸģôٰ
¥һתҪߣˣұȥɣ㿴˸Ҳգ
Ǯѿæסˣ˼һһȥ£ʮʮɣһž׬֤
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ϲϲʮЬȥˣ֪ԼȻ˸˵
ֱɼӵһɽ·ԣ̫֮ҲӰǾļһɽȥҺüʱͷ֮ǰѰһ䡣
ڶ޷ĵֺò߻سǣص׼˴˰үҹĽǰ
״үһݣͷԤвʵ˺£ΪԪһҹδ飿ںδ
֡ͨһ˵ϣʹؽ뽫ԪɷԼԼӵɽߵ˵һ飬ð״үֱӡ
󵨣ң֪Ԫˣ
ҡͷūһѾƴظϣ;·ЩɽòײΪСѾˣѵСֱڻδ飿
״үһվԪͬȥһҲûְǰȥѰңҲδ飬ĽԪ㶨Ȼǳ£Ǻã
ҹĽ۾ζȻһָŲյ˼΢΢һЦ
˲ļûͦ˼ô˵ͬԪҲǽãӦòẦǡ
״үɲôãĽ֪ѾͷСҰԣΪ治һεԪȥһҹˣûģ
ҹĽվ֪Σ
״үüͷ壺ôҶǰȥ˶ûֻҲ⵽˲⣬ֵ󣬿˽ǲˣҿٲǰȥɽ˰ɣ
ҹĽ˵ͷȻѾãǾͰŰɣҵ뿴һôϷ
״үƳǸ¸߰ľͷﲻ֪ǸϲǸǣ
ɹҹĽעȻˣ鷳Ů䲻ôܲģûаԪڣõҹĽĳ谮кã²ֻһұɣ
Ȼ״үҪŹٲǰɽˣͼһȺļҶ½½ͥԺ׸ܽ
үɳȥ˶ˡ
״үص죬нػ
ͷļҶУֵ̿ع˵ϡ
ͷ̫үһࣺСںδ
ҶҡͷСʵڲ֪
״үһİ󵨣ŴСȥĿɽ壬λ᲻֪Сȥ򣿡
ҶĨŶ亹ɪɪ
үСĲ֪һȥͱ˸ˣ֪˶СҲˡ
ǰүǶ˵аջʬ裬СǰٻҲ˵
״үŭʣôʬ裿ĸµĶ
ҶǿɥػСҲʶˣ˹򼫺ãСǸ޷˵ˣǲԹĻ㲻ǽҩ
үȾǰɣǲ
״үö
˼¶֮˲ĪģҲС㣿
ҶߵͷæػصǣС㣬ҲүҲʶˣǷŻ˵үȥΪĪ֣Ҫѵˡ
ô˾Ȼ˵죿ֱĿ
ҹĽͷ̵İ״ү
˲ضŭѾ֪˭ˡ
˵תǰŵò֪ļҶǣ˵˿Ǹ͵꣬ͷݸߣ˹ģŲģ
ҶݵΪУͷ
ǣǴˣ
үСǾްԣҲҺһж˵ģ
ҹĽʾɫİ״ү԰ꡣ
һҹǶûƼҼҷˣôǱС˹ѺΪֻǣ


307 ù

ҶҡͷعүĻȥʱСֻԸڴں£ûţ㱻סˣ㱻ʹ˶òɽϡһһҹĻ
ǰֱˣ˲ǻ˵ûôʳǳԣǶŶ߻ģ
ҹĽ̿鼫õعЦ
˼˼
Ҷǿһɫѿİ״үĽп಻
үǵɻأûǽҩ
״үһӣһȺţ˻ã
ʵܲԭҸͷĪȾ㣬¿ɺã¶ָһĪðָ֣׼Ҳ޷Դ룬ѰԪˣλǰ;ȫŮϵĵôܲŭ
ҹĻ̧֣̌ˣɻǵǰؽͨѹһ
״үʵһ˵ʯһң뵽£
ҹĽЦһ֮ˣʯ
״үȻ˵ǵձӷߵǸӣ
ҹĽͷǡˣǺúãʰʰ𣿡
״үܴ˵ѣͷһƣĩüͷ
ֻзǴ˿ȥ׽Ī˵ߣǸòܣҲԹڿɽȥ׽ɣ
οԪ䲻Ҫ֮£ҪϽһҲܰԵ¡
˼ҲôҲһŮû˼ŮĥȢ֮£
ҹĽ
ĽҲֻǸѣ֮ȷʵز֮úúòһ£Ҫñ߲񣬽ĪҲٿĪ磬ֻʯкã
˻ȥѰԪɣЩˣȻȥЪЪԪһʰʯĺĪġ
˼ܰԪ״үʵջ𣬿ֲұ¶֣ÿͿá
˱Ъһ£ôԸֻͬ˵ģһᾡԪһġ
ҹĽӦһţǾͰˣ
һ뿪״үŭȻڵϵļҶһȺ㲻ôСȥ𣿡
Ҷæؿͷģүǵ治֪ǰɡ
״үԹܼЩȫˣ
ܼЩ⡭үѽȫˣϱûôʹѽ
״үò㱳ȥţٸ򣡡
ֳܼһ£ǡҪôһʿǰӹүɶʱͺǸûٻӣʵǮ
״үջ̧۾ȥүǱҪͬ˵ȫĺŮĻҪʮ׸Ҫŵù
ܼҸϽǣүȥ
˵ŵϵļҶǺһɤӣϽߣ𣿡
һڼҶֻܿվʵʵȥҲ֪ǸɶʱŻ˸ͽҩǧĪҪûͽҩͱүץס
ʵҲԼǱƭûôʬ裬һسǾȥҽпĳһ޲˵Ϣңжֻ֮࣡ƲǺζ˸
֪ʵֻǰոǵķʳ֮ЩֽţʯͷǾעһ˿ߵеϣͲжóеʲô
ЩȴʵΪ棬޲սľԼպữΪһ̯ŧѪ
׸µһʮҪеĹҲŪˣʮһЩҶתͷ׸ȥʰҪӣûͷȥ¼Ҷ
һλֳſھҪʮûǲᵽȥ
ʶſھҪʮҵˮƯģûУ
±õͷүϢŭҲҪģǴү˵ˣûʮ׸ǶҪѰ
үҪԴΪأЩҲĹŮĻˣҲӰװѰɣǼҹүˣû׼һ仰£ܽӻԶүҪ˼
һӵ¸һضʹ飡
ѽүôſڱտڲӾѣ֪գһ簲ҵأ
үǱߵĹЦүҲĪҪѹҹүѾС˼ȤֻҪʹϰòʱҲҹүˣ֮ջԶ
˵ɵ뿪㣬᲻úײǣүѾȥˣٲ¸ٳɣгԿأ
Ǯܰɵ»۰װ˭˲֪үǮˣ
룬ܻ˰ͽᶼĵλɻܽҹүģλֻҪպСϢҹϸСӣ˵治ĻδɾССү⹫ˣλ˭Ҳͽ
˵Ķһ뵽׻ʮҪóȥľǸһ۵ܣ
ɣҪӣҴҵ


308 Ƕ

µúû˵Ծ*ɣֻ̾ˡ
үЪţȥү
뿪ջһѽϲյɨڵء
ɶսҵѪӶˣȻ浱Ƿǣ
Ѿ߸ϽʰƬ׼ҳӺͶڲ࣬ԶΪֵܺ͵ƽ
񱻳ȫǰСӸģǷԴʵ̫ίˣ
ǰʮһӳĺĶꣿΪҪƽ޹ʸǣ
˶ӵĻ̾˿εؿӡ
֪ΪպܶЩô룬ҹүǿǾ˲õĴǼݣպ˾ǵö⣿
ʹЩǮ²ܸϸһְٰպھϹ٣ǼҲŽķΪٻ˼ңǵҲֱͦˡ
ǼһҲѲֳ̼¼
״Ͱ׶ڳһĻȻ򣬸мضŰл
࣡ʵڸм
ǰԶӵ۰öָжģպǵϢˣԲ˵Ϊ
һһطֺ˰죬ǰס˶ӵۣ˰֣޺ҧ
ȫǸѾͷ˲ʡģǿһ˷Ĺؼ
״Ͱ׶ʹɲǣѾͷʵ̫ʶ̧ˣ
˵ǲܶѾͷĪôҽд󲮼ܡߵߥЩѧӣʰʰǸ᣿
̧ۿ˿ӣǵǳصģϧջͬ˵ˣĪýƻ÷ƣǸ̲Ż֡
ҿǻĪҪΪãͽ󲮰ȥڣҲһù
״Ͱ׶һ뵽ܵı³ͷǡ
ǵӢ
ǶģǾ;䡣
׺˫һҹĶˣǼҳǮѾǾԵܾܲͲܣҲöЩ׼һɣǿɲԺһ
үı˰ôɢҲֱͷߺү룡ס˿ڡ
״үУǲؿ˰޺ϵİһۡ
ôµ˵㲻ˣ϶ˣô裿ĽǶĺùŮȤֻһǵѾͷԹԾͷҪͲûôʹˣ
ûôܽǸùŮʵʵ߿иָڣ˳붯ĪķֺڿһϵƣһڲӲɣ
˵˰죬ǿЦһ䡣
ôָ֣İɣǼôЩļҶĪһҲԸˣ磬⻰˵˲Ű
״үԻָס
㻹浱ڲ㣿ʵɣǸùŮǳˣ
Ԫǰȥ˿ɽ壬뽫ظµã˲ûҰŵʮҶȫѾͷ˶
Ԫ˿Ҳ䲻ˣԪи̣׼һôָ
ΪĽѾͷҹܸ𣿴ҹҲһңƨҲûУԪڣԪĽҷˣӣ
ԪڣպѾͷ˺ӲҹеλһӶôã
϶ھ͵ӣ˰æϽԪһ㻹ߴߴĥĥ䲻ϳǮǰ׼ҳҹ𣿣
任
磬ôԪ㰡ȻҪôЩӣ
״ү˿ôңôңȵùӶϼ֣ѾͷߵǸ鷳ٽĪһõϣǲܱĺùŮԹ
ͷ˵иطרŽɱԽֻҪӸˣûǰ첻ɵ£ҪۼߣɱһûһǲɣĪһӣټǸָ֣ʮã
ʱǳǸ֣סĪһңǲܺѾͷ̸ԪųԹԼ޸ĽΪ檡
ЩȻǰ״үſںģҹĽѾ֧УԸĪҺʯͷòһֹպҪھ㣬Ҫĵطʵ̫࣬ȻҪðһʣ
Ȱ֦ͷûܺð£
׼ֵܵν̥ãֻʵǶ
룬ʮҲסλܰ°ɣаԹԼ޸ҹĽҲʹĿˡ
ðɣ磬ֻʮȥϾûôǮˣһðɰȻĻҵĹͷҲû취ֻһŵùˣ


309 

״үԸõӣֻͷ˲鵽Ů䣬һľٴ롣
ΪԪһڰУҲǺżֱȥһ⣬ȴû鵽״үĻˣ
ٲ˿ɽֱӱɽѲһȻϧɽֻһȺأɹ´µʳҲԪټʹڳˣҲ˵δԪȥ
ٲΣֻýӵ˼ᵽС㳡ϼʻ
ٻػǸƭ֪鲻ǺǿǷ̫үǵ
һֵʵ֪ûǲҲ̫үӦò˰ɣ
ٲŭһۣ⸾ݵú̫үְأӲԩһˣҲŹһˣ
񶪵Ŀ̫ү׹Ů̫ү˰ŮУǣṩǴСˣ
һ꣡
һͰ
ѽʵǿϧ̫үҵС㳤ôģҲѽ
ٲˣǺ׬Ǯֻǵû̫үҵС㡭
һӵȫҧ˵ûˣٲΪջ
ûˣǲ˵ѣǿǴ
ϧôʣô*Ծҡͷ˵ûԪһС
Ǵ˶԰ĹּЩǺˣʵͲ׬ǮϧûŰԪ㡣
ռԪֶˣǱͬĪҹϵҲɵλ̫ү׼ʲô׬ǵǮųɣ
˵ли⣬ǾǮѿŮ˵̫үСʧ٣뵽챻뻨¥ѾߣʱŻȻѰѾߣ뵱баԪ㣡
˵ṩԪһӣɰûڵùǺ
һӰȴֻŮʮ
ϧ֪ŮӵаԪڣȴ˵ֻΪģٲҵ¥Ǹ϶ָ˵Լ
ˣٲɽһȦȴһ񣬻ȥ˰״үλڻˣϽȥĺŮ
ҹĽһĲˣ̧׵İ룬λ˼ľɫ˶¼ߣ˵Ҳҷ˵䣬ϰ֮ɫҲޡ
˲ļԪԼȥҲ˵ϾҹҲʵƣԼ˻洦ߡ
״үŮĮĵ̬Ҫȴֲұֳ
ԪСأʶ壬֮ˣҿȻǳô⣡ΪԪΣ룬ǻǵøϽҵųɰ
ҹĽü˻ңѲɷҪȥһ˿ɽ壿ûһӣԹ԰˽ˣҲֱڶͬĪȾ˰ɣ
״үҭס⡭Ѿͷǲʶ̧٣ǿһˣû׼ľɣĶҲ˵
ҹĽǺһЦˣĽɲ룬ϾС¶ܾˣѲΪұ¸ʤһ
״үʱðһͷ亹ĸش⣿
֮⣬ֻܵԪԸǵ汻Ը
ҹĽüҲ˵ǲ±úòһĪȾ㣬źýСԹǵĻĻ¿¶֮
״үԾļǡҪĪİѵھͶ֣
ҹĽ±ʣֿǫվǰİ״ү
ʯĻֻҪͬĪȾһ׽סǾܶĪȾһѲس͢Ҫ֮
ҹĽ˵ļƻ״үص֮ԾѰߣ
ԣҹĽֻôĪȾ룬ýԹ԰Ԫϡ
Ҳû취Ѿٲʱ̶ſɽǱߵĶˣҲֻܼϢ
ڻ¥İԪ
ѾȽһĿͣλСܹ裿޲ҧԾȴʵʣ뺦ˣպǵðƤڶųɡ
ϧ¥ЩĻԺݣ̸ֺպ󱨸ѩޣ
ҲסԷȴλ۵֮Աǣ˵֮ŮӣԼǹأ
λǿӲʮ㣬ֱֵĻԺݺʰ˰Ԫһ١
ϰԪ˶ҪˣĻܷˣһʮΣֱʵڿסȥ
ڶѧ˹ԣûͽ͵ڣͬλú̸̸ϼˣ̫žȻ䱾ָʮˡ
ʱԪһڼӴϣѾ͸ˣǷϣص򸮣
ҹĽ֪ôҪ


310 ͷ

ڰԪĻ䣬ҪԹһ˰˵ʱ򣬷ű˹ƿλС˽
ﰡǺǺǣ߰ɣһҲǱƭ治ǳΪ㣬뿪֮ĪҪŴ£Ҳֻδ㣬Ҷã˵Ҳǣ
Ԫ͵ۻɵؿһЦĻ¥衣
㵱ߣ
¥ЦԭҿɱڣĴʵ²֣ǻǵʶ˵Σ
Ԫ䲻֪λ¥ΪͻȻ뿪Ҳ֪̫ŶȻݣΣ
ã
ɿؽѴȥ
һһﰵݣȥȫɱˣһѻոɾŹЩٰܰˣܣ
Ԫֱ߳¥ȻûһҲûӭҲ˲ô࣬±㳯ȥ
òԶˣŴӻ¥ͷǸһ
Ͻ˰ɣֻҪͷ
λɥͷлλǰʾߣɱ˰ԪڣѾ¶ĸң
ûʱλ㱳˸Ҵ·ȥҲ¥˼ˣȻԹ£Ҳϸͷɢ
Ǯѿڰọ̈̄Ǳһ˿Цݡ
˶ҵվٲѰԪ㱻¥Ϣ͸¶ǣǰˡ
òǴԪôˣ̫ү֮Ůǲȣĸ֪˱ᱳҧһڣǾˣ֤̫ү֮Ů뻨¥Ϊ潵£²Ҫڷ
ԣǮѿӣȥ֪ͨ¥Ͻ鷳ˣȴû¶棬ñԪסǿɶҪù
ԪҵţҲûԼݻ¥һ£ֻ˵·ɽ˴٣˻˶ɢˣҲɽ·ֱղϡ
˳ذ׸ԪֱмŸҷޣ˵һ顣
ֻԼҲ֪Ǳ˭˻¥ȻȻ㵱ǰˡ
״үһ£õף
ʶ죬ҲСʵý
Ԫᣬ۵ȫԹ
һŹС潸һҪƤ
׼Ҵ۵ظͷҵĶܿˣС潸պºӣŪ³ɺһ㣡
Ԫĸ׻ίʮֿ
ǿɲĽ֪£֪ˣҿô
ĳûȿ꣬ҹĽͻȻݣһŵֱ˾㵵İ׼ǰ
ǸˤáӴһĲˣλ¥裡
ҹĽڣ˵£ǾȻңҹĽɵӣƭ𣿣
״үһ飬ҲңԪűߣݺسסĳ½ǿ
޹ģǰҩ¥ΪҲˣֲҰ
ҹĽһŽſĪҪң㻹ΪԼѣ浱Ҳ֪Σǰ뽫¥һȳȵŮˣ
Ԫһ£Ͽڱ粵Ҳߵˣ˭Һ˵زֵܽͷأҷһζѵ֪һ䵽زҲȫΪ㰡
׷ҲΪŮ飺үµ治ܹԪ㣬Ǳݺģ
ǰ˵ԪѾͷѣܹҪ½ο¾Ʋ⴫򶪵Ҳҹ桭
ҹĽ⻰̼һ£üڵɪɪĻ¥裬Աһ
ãұ㿴ҹķϣ¶ᣬֻ֪һУڰɡ
״үϽӦǣ˺ͰԪ㰴סǸù裬ֳǰһֱס¥Ĳӡ
һǸĻ¥谴סֱյ˫۱ͻ˫ȵQ˼£󳹵û˶
ҹĽۿŰ׼ڽλվ
ĪҪΪ±ˣ֪ĶȻˣȼҲᱻ˶ǰǺΪ֮鱻ͱΪҹ棬Ҳû취
ԪڵϣǺ£
¶ȻǰĻ˷׼ҵƻδŮ˾ѾܵԼĲϣպĻԸԳ
룬ԭΪǸûӵĴΪξȻ˹ƶˣȻԼ˱


311 Զƶ

˿ڽѵ๫
ôֻˣսٲҺȥˣͲʵʵڼҵһǵڣҲ·ϱ׼ҵ˰׽ȥ
ĪȾִСһĳպࣺ˹ΪΪָжӣͬһ˯Ϊ˯š
һۣհ׼ȥΪˣ
ĳвмʼ򣺡ǵ룬ϧûᡣ
Ǻǣ˷ƣ
ĪȾȴҡͷҲҲΪֻһ·壿ǶûȤǸû
Ϊ֣ûѲô׾ͷˣ
ĳлһЦȻǣֻΪ粻СĽΪװ䣬ǡ׼ү棬ͬ׽׽ϾŵòᣬһʣһܣӶŭˡ
ΪòײŰΪ׽˻ѵһ٣ܶܶĶߣҲͰˣ򲻿ҧˣҧ˵ģĳλֵܱûЩѧҲû
룺벻Ϊ仹дãʵĺߣ
»׽ֻЫӣ֮ģ˭ȥɧ飬͸һֻ
ĳиϽҡͷããӿɲȥð׽ЩˣˣΪҹǱ׸ЩùߵĶֱ°ԶһЩһʱ̻زǡ
֡
๫˼
ĪȾĦȭƣӣΪǰȥ°𣿽ʱͬգΪУ
ٺһЦ׻˵úãΪǿ꣡ôһ˵ңֻҪҹĽ°ߣʧϸʮ죬°׼鷳
ʮյİҲӦÿоˣǽӳȥǣʱӽ£壬ҹҲΣ
ǰ벿ĳôͷֱᵽ˲һᣬ뽫Ҳ°ӵʺĵطȥ
ȻΪ˼ƿУղײգΪҹȥҹ°ҹζ࣡
볶סһԲϾҪֵļһţԼȥҲģʯͷһȥãȻһʧ
ĳָֻһĳպࣺãΪȫӵġ
ڱ˵ɿʹʯͷλֲָŸհǸ¥סӵҹĽԺУ˻ûȻֿر°˵²£ǲװף
˵Ԫ㱻һ£λʵһûԩ룬ͷβ¶ǰһֲ߻øʹǮѿˡ
ˣһоյĳŮӹٲʱ𣬾͸ʯͷµ񣬽ȥ϶Ǽ仨¥ʱ׼Ǯѿһ¡
ֻǲ룬ҹĽȻȫû׷Ԫ㱻£ֻɱǸ¥ڣûȥǮѿ鷳ǰϹĳŮһʯ֮ƣ
ȻˣûҪʲôŮûҪʥĸԪһƵ׼ҶֻãҹĽǱŮԹһػһأȻҪѰѩޣôܶǿ
ںǰͶұۺĺˣڶǰҪȶ˻񣬲ԼںˣںԼ˳ԿҪûʹ죬ǲⱲҪصӲ
ǺʯͷŸշ糾ʹ㱻еĳָŴΪȥҲ
ΪڴûĹٲע⣬ûݣֱչṦɽг·سǷȥˡ
ԭҪ߼ʱ·̣ĪȾϰṦȻҲֻһʱ㱼سǰ׸ĸǽ֮⡣
ĪֱڴЪϢһ£ҽȥ°ˣ硣
ʯͷոߵĪȾҲûףãǾͰֵˣ
˵·ֿʯͷҹڷᳵ·ǰȥİ׸լѰҹĽ֮
׸еȻûϵȻ°ˣ쳣иֵֻҹļҶڵԺʯͷһɵ󣬽֮һһڵأְĳ˯ﴵ̣Ƭ̲ڣԷҹĽһͬ˿ȥ
ûӣĪȾűԾǽͷʵһ
ֵܺÿĶ˿°ˣ
ʯͷǿͷֱӸһۣĪȾϳҹĽ˯ü䰲ȣ񣬵мֿΣһջ𣬻ۺ죡
֮ˣͳͳι
ɡĳһˣ˱ߣʯͷҲûͬ˳ҹɫɿرǽֱǽĪȾŽӵϡ
ɣǽ̫ߣҷȥǻֵˡ
ʯͷֻýϵ˦ϼͷ壬˫ŵϳǽֱϣɵĳǽ׷ͷĪȾѧҲŷ˹ȥ
һ̣ٻĪ֡
ĪȾͷʯͷҹĽչṦ
Ѿŷſ˵Ĺݺݽһ٣ǳ˳ͷټǣ


312 һղ

ڶҹĽ˻ûѱоȫƤʹüſ۾ɾһֻ˿̾Ȼ¶˯ڲݵϣԱ߻һͷ¹ڿвݡ
ҹĽۣ޷˯һλ任˹죿
ûﲻǱ𴦣ϻɽ֪ΪξȻֻصɽ
Ҳ˵ã֮ԱվһʹĵطһƬƬϵۣʵǿһѾϵ˭ʣ˵
ҹĽһǰéȥ
ʦСУǿڣ
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ҹĽһ£Ĺ򣬹߳ϻ͵ʱЩһ˸ȥͱڣҪ˵ǻ޴ҪӦ
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бǣ֪ʱŻ뿪׼Ҹò벻ڴ˴ʹ˽ﲻ˰ɣ
ҹϮҹĽ֪٣׸Ѵҡ
״үЩͷԪ㶪˶ûôĻλŮҹүĶӣһĴڣи̣һӵҲ⣡
˷ܷʼѰҹĽ䣬޲ܾߣʱ̽װطһý˿һ
ϧϻĪ˵״үû뵽˻ȥôԶĵط뵽ˣҲϾͽ˾ȻģϾϻ룡
״үûɰĪȾ֪иָ֣һƫɼҶϢΣ˲Ǹȥ롣
θץѱ˵϶ʯͷģһȥʿû취
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ĳһӲ֪Ϊһղӣ
һ֣Һõúأ㣬ղȻ࣬ؼҰɣҸ˺óԵģ
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ĪȾһ˰Žӷ£һǣӣһǣӣţߣȥඣ
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ΪģҹĽҲȥӦԣҲ߻أصƨûҷžͲˣ𣬲֪ȫˣĿ
ʶҷǶãһһֱҪˣ
Щûõò˻ѰҹĽȥúү鲻ԣһӶҪԲ˶ߣ
ЩûϢĶؼʱָǱǰָҲûС
ԪһԿ޿Ĩ᣺ô찡ҲĽҪŽ
״үŭĿ㻹˵㲻ӶһֺαشǸ⣿Ūﻢ£һӵҪȥˣ
Ԫ㱻һίŮҲˣ֪գŮһ֮
׷˸ϽŮĪҪ˵үȻ£үҲĪҪ־Ը磬ԹԼˣú룬ү׻ģ
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313 

ôһѣ״үü룬ҲЩɵؿڡ
˵˼ӦҹǱߣ
׼λĸǸģ԰ͷһ㣺û󷴱ҹʦʵԸ棬ҹ¡
үһ룬Ѱˣǲ˵Ҳ·һ˵ˣû׼ҹһܼʱѰֻҪүδǲûĻᡣ
߹үʱ㱻°һΣҲȻػ˵ǲ֪飬ȴԽ¼á
ʱҹ˵үֿܣһĪĻͬʿ֮°ȥǹүǰ°֮ٴν°ߣǾȫѰѰֻҹǰæ
״ү˿ҲȷʵУǰٳǣȥٳǵҹҹ鰲ҲҹĽ£Ѱ
ҹ鰲ֶʧ٣ڶձԴһӱ˰װأسؽһεľɲ£˾ǰǰȥӭҹ鰲ŭڣֱɱ׸
״үĻֵ̿ؽУֽϸ˵һ飬ҹ鰲æϽŮһ
ҹ鰲ָıȽһ٣
հ׵ģĽô£㾹Ȼ˰²棬׾ĺڣ
ŵùݣԩĽ㿪ʼѰңֻǲȷʧ٣ԸĸҺţлɳã
ΪձûȥŽȴһֱ䲻ҲǾĵѰңʵҲκҲ޷ȷ˵Ǳ°ˣǳô⣿ⲻʵûа취ˣŲòȥŽ
˵һϿңҹ鰲Ҳûйͬƽϣ˿Ѿʧ˰࣬˵ôûץһҪ
ҹĽֳΨһĶӣĵ϶˻ǴҪĳΣգҲҪܵǣ
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״ү͵һһҲйү˵ĪǱ֮ǰǸͨѹʯ֮ôһ룬ʯǸڷϱ°߲һ׷ͷΪ𣿡
ҹ鰲ʱһ˵ôĪ֮˾Ȼʯ
״үͷǣ»ǹү׿ͬ˵ģعү֪ʯͬǰͷͬˣЩ˻᲻ҲǷݰ¶˲ŶԹү¶֡
ҹ鰲һŭ𣺡ʣǻôȥĪˣ
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ȻδĪǰһؽͣǰ˸ŵƷǰ󣬼ҹ鰲⼸빰֡
ҹɣҲĪӽύ𣿡
ҹ鰲һܿϳǰ⼸Ȼߵļ
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ҹ鰲һ֣̿˼תϽһס
ֻǴűǰ뱾Ͼ´սδƽϢۿҪұҪΪľν̻طи
뱧ȭޣ֮ģʵҴ֮ٳǰ֮
ҹ鰲һ˱֮£ʵ֪ˣ֮£ֻϧҽϾ񣬻λһã
ϽŻ񣺡ؿǶȻĻת
ҹ鰲ʹһ֣˫һϵشĪǰ˹ȥ
״үĸҳسǵؽҲһƨûҷţ˫˫ҹ鰲ȥԭʦҪˣȴŶ룬ʵǹѻ
һȺ飬ҹ鰲ʵòᣬ׸㽫ˤϡ
øĪȾ㣬Ȼͽζ
״үСڣĪĲһ֮²ô᣿


314 Ϊ

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״үͷһ⡭ɣ
ҹݵһۣڲôôĽɻ䲻أǵи̣λΣҼֳҪĹ
״үһ麹ǸõǺã
ҹ鰲һ۱λؽûôˣĪҪ˸ϽؾӪȥúòǧĪҪи
ؽϽָǣֱԺӣҹ鰲תͷ״ү
ûκ֤֤ĪķǲԳͷԸˣҲܣȻн֣Ǳ㰴սϵİ취¡
״ү򣺡˼뽭ʿæʶùǿӢʿ
ҹ鰲һôƨӢʿõĲЩ֮Ǯֵһɱ֣רŶԸЩŹ˵鷳
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ҹ鰲ֵһۣ˵ɣЩ˵ұģҪ붯ǳ֣ǵдʵӲųɣ㿴Ǯ𣿡
״үݺҭһ£벻ӶƭӣҪӶɱ֡
ֲʣȴһĻȻ򣺡˵ӵº˵Ҫ٣˷ϣ
ҹ鰲һ˼غϼ˰죬ĩ˹һӣʮɣǲ㡣
״үŻѪҹҼֱһѪſڶǰθݣһӾͰϵȫҪˡ
нǮأֻܹԹԽƱϣȻٹͳ⡣
ҹ鰲λ̫үǧҪЩ£ĽȲѽ
ҹĽֹǵȲãλү֮ӣΪƷ˿һݵضǰûѻѾÿɫ𴵵һڣ̴ѵ̣һԺյĹү̴ѣΪ˳ԿȺʵܾ벻Ŀ࣡
ˣүƢµ㲻ŵĻ𣬱ֳȥɺãһĻϨǲףǾͻôͷٷ˫ѻȼǺǵ̣һ̵
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ǼֱԺΪĪ˳ԿֱӴڣдĳһӵ³ݣʯͷѾͬ˽
ĪȾ˵սţʯͷɱչԾò˵ҹ鰲⼸ȷʵ򲻴ӲǴ˺һŷֳ£ɱȫҲʣǱĪȾûˣȻĳҲû⣬һ˵òᡣ
ҺʯͷӲ˴ѪˣòߣʯͷϽĪȾغԺ
Ѿ˵ĴˣĳѪ죬ʵ۵Ҫ
๫ôôѪ
ĪȾ㿡׵Цο޷ֻƤˣӷģΪˣ
˵ɫǰ߱ѪȾ£ֻӷᣬֽŷϽóҩ䣬ϸ鿴ĪȾƣȷϵȷֻƤˣȴ˵ЩأϼᴩֻǿŶۣ
ʯͷҲû뵽ĳл˵ôأ벻Ȼ˸֣鷳ˣ
Ļ˵ֻϽĳֹѪȽ˼ϵסѪҺ٣ȻŸֹѪҩ
ʵôͷ˿ڲȴ͸ʹȫ˼ȴûõֻⲿϵĻûã봦ˣֻøĪȾЩҩо̫ۣٽʯͷϽȥسõС
ҺлȻͬηڲļʹȴ˼õҩ˵ǾƣֹѪЧרεˣ
뿴ĪȾҩȻûһ˿ڴѪסˡ
ָϵķӣ˰Ʊ׼Ȭ
ʯͷУҲûұգһֱصû˴ɱ˿
ڶշ㰲˿ǰٳǣȥ


315 Ϲ

ȷǱĪȾľѧĴ֮ǰύ
ĪĪȾ˰յ壬ӶȤ
˰յ壬գȻʹ죬ֱ̾δսʶ꣬Ҳмķеȥʮó汾ĵ˶Ҳ
ҪĪȾΪãȴԵҪʺɵ£Ī֮Ϊʹ죡
һ̫ƽҲûҪԼ׳ʵʵԽ󷴶Խʥϼɻ䣬罫бµƾٳȥһ֣ΪЧ񲻿գ
ԣλ俴ÿƣĪȾ㵱˸˰֮Ϊֵܣ
ºһʵû뵽ĪȾһʵʵĹˣȻ׼ҲûУȻͬ׹ݰݰӣֱţƳ죡
λ˳ֵʵڼʱĪȫ
Ȼ֪½ݵСϵܾȻ⵽̿ʹɱһ϶˶ʲΪ±ĸһӱĪǽϲ죬Īſ˸ڣ
ҲӦԾٴ룬ֽ֮ǽͷͳͳҩ˵ܶϮĶˣȴմʹѵ˵һƤ
оݶʯͷȥٸ˲רõĴӣȫ˸ݶϣֻҪЩȥ״ǵøϹȲɣ
˱ϸ׼ǽͷ׼ϷҲల¡
߷ùֿʼĪңʯͷ¶ļһشȥĪҵˡ
ָˣЩ̿ͼĪ϶ɳˣȥ˿ɽ壬ҪĪҵĪȾ̸ǸոԾĪҵԺǽڸʯͷǱ
һ̿û䷭ԺУһ죬ʯͷִһڣĪɺĪɵõźţɿڴڼʮ䣬ûд̿ͣȴ˱ƳԺӣʯͷͷס˱㶯
̿͹ԲϴĪǱλʯͷһ˶Ը´࣬ĪɺĪҲӣԺʵŴյǰںʯͷֵ˷Ű
¿ɺãͲǶֵ̿ͺ֧ܿŲסˣ˴˸ŷܣ뻹ûܳԶಣһҼ뷢Ӳһڵأʯͷȥֱӷǵ书
Ȼ⼸˵Ĵ̿;ͳ˱Ķ󣬱үӴ˼ֳʮĴ屣һýʵʵ͵ţ
дȫʧܣҹ鰲ˣĪסҶܹ͵Ĵ̿һ֣ҲԸⳡ⣬֮λֻøıԣҹҵ
һһ˽˿ɽ壬ЩȫͬͷһǰĴ̿ͣҲɱȴҸα뺷׵ĸͷֱ壬ǿӲͻŴռԱĲݶ䣬֮һƬ𺣣
ʯͷһԶԶȥмʮţȻǺݽɫҲѹûʲô͵ϮļҪĽ࣡
ҵϵͭõ죬ʹߺҪ壬ǿӣ
죬⣬ԭʱ׼ԮĪң˿ȴˣʯͷӣһȫҴ˼ϸɽȥ
ǻ˲ΪԴ˶ֱĪҶȥǲŵԾӴڣ
ʯͷҲ˵ĿֱָĪңĪ˴˿̲ŸճԺţδԶ
ĪϺ˻ûжв㣬ʯͷ˲϶룬ȥλܣܱɡɣϴżҾӣ
ĪɺĪҴڣ˲ǮϺĪСɣˣʯͷĪϺܳһξ룬ͷĪСɣǮ˺ͷ۳ԽԽȺܿҪ׷ǣϽĪϺ£ҵطͷȥĪСɣǮϡ
ԶԶѾУĪСɣһֳǮϣöҪˡ
˰ɣˣҪǮҪ
Ǯϱһӣܲ죬Ǯһ˵Ѫӣ
ܣܣĪҪ
ĪСɣﲻܣԽԽǺż֪ʱһӰˢһӵߡ
ʯͷһѱ㽫ǮϿһǣסĪСɣ֣ܣ
ĪСɣСֱסϲӵؿʯͷ磡Ҿ֪㲻᲻ҡ
ʯͷһɿǰȥ
ǵҽĹĪģŵϣ࣬ſܣ
ǮָŮּŮСһеظʯͷǰ񱼣ߵķ죬λһ˵ĸпĿת󣬾ЩҪˣ


316 ɱ¾

ģҪǣ
ʯͷ͵˫ۣĪСɣǮһ볯ǰ˦˳ȥ
ֻһᣬҵļһ˳ȥƿ֮֮ʯͷץ䵽ߵļ֧ץסٷֶȥ
ӳЩ֧㾢ʮ㣬׼еȼƥ¶֮۾һ
ʯͷ磡ĪСɣľʯͷͷҲûصشһܣĪҪң
ĪСɣᣬԵǮϣѵϵӰ߽ʹȥ
֪Լ书΢ֻܸʯͷɸȻﲻæǾͲȣ
ǮŮܱ߿޵ѹشŴοɣĪޣʯͷãµġ
ĪСɣֲ̧˰᣺Ҳûޣܣ
ÿһ̶ʯͷڸʱ䣬붼һͷȥ
ʯͷֱܹһּ꣬編Ƶؽ׽ļ֧ȫأһ׷ʹң
ǻҲǵĶ̴Ǿǵ·̫խӵ£ʩչ
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ʯͷЩȻͷּ·ĺͬжȥӰ򷽲ŷʩˣ
ȻЩȻȺɽˣӰδǰ֮˱ᵶһɾ磬ȻҲǸ֣ҳֱָҪ
ʯͷӲӣֻ÷ܹһһ߷ԺǽٶȷϮ˻һǿᣬʽȴʧϬֱʯͷС
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ʯǽѾʯͷٷְȷǰ˶ȻǸþɳֻ֣ȫް㻨УĿֻһǽն£
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ˣǼ죬ֻ类ն˼Σ
ֻ벻оȻ˸֣Щ˵м˲ӲӣҲһˡ
ͷ֮ˣʯͷֻȥ˵⣬ԾһߵҲȴ㣬һס棬ֻһšϾŻ󵶱ֶɣʯͷ
ʯͷֱһ˿սҲ䵽ϣʯͷᵶ˾Ϳңܹмһ
ƫƫȺֱײ̫Щ޷ù¿꣬һˣ˻˽Уٴһš
ҽüͷʯͷڴɱ䣬ջشһĪҪ˲׷Ҫ
ϧʯͷһ򵱹صصǰ棬Щ¸ҿˣȻս̵ÿ߶飬һƬʯͷһתһͬ׷Ÿղŷɢĵ˶ȥ
һҲˣĪߵķ׷
ʯͷһͬƥأһʱƬ̸׷ϵˣŴ󵶷׷ȥ
̤ݼƽأһԾ㼸Զܿ׷ǰͷսȥһն䣬żմһԾǰͷһƥʹ󴸷񵲣ûغҲն䡣
ʯͷһ·ϵ˶ɱʱҲ˴ڣֻǰͷƥ׷ĪСɣǮϣƥ֮Ҫֱָǰͷ
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һ˺ǰǱˣ˵ͷ죬˫ۺֱʯͷϾųߴ󵶸߸
Сӣˣȹһأ
ʯͷ̧ۿϹһɣߺſ£
ĪСɣĺҲûǮϾ͵һ볯·߹ȥ
βŵͷʵǾǮһ亹
ͷЦһҿ㻹ܾǼΣ
˵űֱʯͷȥնЯžֱʯͷͷն䡣
ʯͷҵˣ˲ƣһһǵصĵӰʯͷУûбУֲӲѸǿĿ쵶һʱ侹Ƶûл֮
ļǰ滹кüˣĪ˸ӦʱһǳХУűǹЦ
ͽĪ£ʦҲ
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ʯͷϲʦʦܣãҽЩŪ
ĪȾҹĽ°ɽͷ㽫ʦʦһɽͬȥĪСסûͷҪԼȥ棡
ǼԼ¾ǼƭŶĳͷͽܵӱ˸ûӰ
ʯͷشʱ˳·ȥϢʦʦû±ɽæû뵽ôʱ򡭡
оһǿ͵ƷֱɨģĿһæ壬һն˼ư롣
Сͷ۴УѽѽѽѽȻնӵĺӣСӣˣ


317 ֮Σ

֮һնȥСͷȻﻬ굽棬ӦߣͻȻһǧľɽԿȴǱһ÷˳ȥ
ֻһѪӿͷ𣬿һѪŵؿƥһϰգһͷ뷢Ʈصվ·ľҲݵһƬ
ԭͷ֮һƣսͬһ˰գƥս˻һûѱҲ˲ˣһƵֲ
ҲΣңڰһŤʬʬͷͬʱԾһƥŵսϣܣͬʱ¡
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ʯͷǿгߣĪСɣǮǰĸŮ·߹
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ʯͷ磬û°ɣˡ
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ĪСɣűᣬſڣҲŲôͳҾҪʯͷúõģǣɲûģ
ǮϵŮһۣתͷʯͷŶȣһΪʯͷʦôҪֻᣡ
ʯͷδĪСɣڴؿʯͷ磬ûУ˵ˣκҪ󶼿ᣬҪ˵
ʯͷʱŮ֮£ǳ֮Σ
ɼһ׷СͷͻȻð˳ôҪ󶼿ѽϷֶܲȸŪֻռԳԣ
Ǯϣ
ʯͷʦˣͽܻɽȥӰɣ
׷ͷһˬôʦֻӲɵҪɽȥǲðʦ˲Тͽ
ʯͷϽͣͽ˵ɽɽĪּɽϵķӣڴǱߣ̧ű㵽
Св֪ʱǰʦʦ֣ҼлۣٲȻҪӶյˣʱĪ˵ǳռǼû׼ء
Ǯ̧ͷĻƣͷ͵һˣҪյȥˣ¿ɻˣҪûˡˣɣҲˣɼǵöˣǿǼ
ĪСɣ޺޶ţôӣ͵ӣʯͷ磬㻹ûҪء
ʯͷѾڣȻҪһ˵ˣ
˼ߣҲæܻشȻ𣬶ٺͰͰĶ裬ɨһϣޱóˣĺ˻
ôҲһСͷֻĳλʦһϬƷɨȥӲǽһƬ˲ɨϨǸоһɡ
ʯͷѾˣĪҪţЩˮϨ
˵ûʦֻǽĻǿƷɨôڲˣͷϽ֮Ʒ¶һǻ
ѴҲٺ˻ˣȫʦǰƷϨˮ𳹵Ϩ
ǼˣƽŷӣԭȺֻǵʮ˼ң¾ʮۿǻӪƣһʰ
ǿʼֻź;˼޲ʹ飬û˼ҲľսΪķѾסˣȥķǶҪⲻҪȫ޼ҿɹ
ؼʱСʦܴյʯͷ˵˼仰ʯͷϽִǣʧûƼӣֻҪһŻķݺûŵ֮һƬݣʦһƬյأƱ㲻ӵ˼ˡ
һ£үҲźʯͷֵ˵öԣ벻ôӱչ⣬ҲֻһмķˣֻһƬ㹻ĿյأŲչȥǣҲҪԥˣҪչˣ
һﶼɴڻΧǶʮ˼ʵۣû˷ô찡
ʯͷͻȻתǮϣӣ˵ҾһˣôҪ󶼿ԣǲǣ
ǮϱĪСɣոӣﻹÿˮľ裬Ȼʯͷ
⡭˵ôҪ󣿲Ⱦ˵ɺã
ʯͷһϵİӣôˣͬ˵һ仰⼸ʮ˼ҸǷȸϣʯͷģպɽȥǮͻɺã


318 ǲ

ĪСɣԼһţȫǼҶӦǮһ𽨷ʯͷҪʯͷֲǴˣչҲ£ƾôҪе˵ʧ
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λﾾסŮĶѹѾͷԼ޲ȥǰɣ
ĪСɣʹ۽Уѽôʱˣ˵⻰
ʯͷеһ֣ӣˣ㷢ɣȻֻиķӱסˣģӣ¶Ȼӱ
ǮһҧŴ˸ߺһĪҪԥˣ֮½ĪҶΪ˼ңǷǮȫĪʦ죡ϽһƬյĪҪûˣ
仰Ҳߺʦæְɣ
׺ͷʵǸ±дǶÿȻصļ񹦣һƳǿɽϮǰһ񷿡
ֻһԺǽ˲䵹齣ֻ˵Ҳˣƫûֻ꣬ͷƷһɨȻķͬԺǽһɨǲһ㣬Ŀյء
ʦٿһЩ
׺ͷͽһۣһƣƷɣյֱؿɡ
ع
ʯͷʦһĴָˣʦʵ죬һԺӣ
㣬ĳͷͽָܵʾӲŻĴ巿ûŵķ֮ɨһĸ׿ס˻ƵӣȻִһӵһǰŻķƽ֮ǰˡ
էʱǿԾɽĴӣֽٺĸо˶Ǳѹҵڷ
ʯͷǽ۵òᣬر㲻ʦɽȥѵĴԺʦʳģȥʦһЩʳ˳æһ´˵İȫԼɽ
үչķѰõĲȥ֣µһǴȻſڡ
*ҹʦʦڣһӵˣҲ֪Ƿڡ
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ҴǻһҪͬһ˵˴ѣǶڷҪζȹǲץʱѷ䣬Ҫˣ
ҿзס˼ңһ·ӱյΪ˲ƲԼҷݵף⻹Ҫĺյķ¸һӦһ취һ
ĪСɣĨϵĺڻҳܹȥʯͷ磬Ҫϻȥϻȥ
ʯͷЩŵؿ㣿⡭ֻ²á
Сʱһ⣺βã书ãﲻæʯͷ磬ҡҲʹʮҿ԰æģҺòã
ʯͷҡͷҲﲻæֻһңĲɽȥðΣգһ˾Ϳԡ
ĪСɣȦһ죬ֹ㡭ǲǡǲҡ
ǮϴҴ˹Ůһѣɣ㹻ˣĪҪ˼ҵңʯͷʦҹ֮½ĪҶԴ˽ǮӦһĪҲУҲִɽ򻢣ºʹһɡ
ĪСɣϲؿզ뿪أ
ǮϺݵһۣô벻ģֻǲㆪ¶ѣۼҵķҲûˣȥЪϴ⻨èƵĵУҲ˿Ц
ĪСɣϽ̧Լʯͷ磬ҡȥӼϴ
С˵Ҳû˼ٿʯͷתյˡ
ʯͷүǮһ
ӣǽǼƷˡ
Īºܸмң²һ˶𣬹»ĻˣӦȥ׬ǮүӴŴǾ쿪ʼˣ
ǮϺүӽһ⣺ܹ㣿
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ʦʦҲˣʱһİȫȥϻϴֻϻҲѶһģ£һľֲң
ǮϺүԾʯͷ׵ô£ת㳯ȥ


319 û

ǮϺүһĻҲûУ˾ûӰˣͽ
ʯͷһֱϻ룬˵󻰣ֻϻԵȷѣȭűֻ֮ܽҪɽҰϻ
ǰоɽɽһأܼͷϻƫƫȥǮʱЩһֲˣ
Ӿ뿿ɽһ˽ϻ룬һֱܵ*£ֻһֻϻĵؿֻϻܻش·ߣ·ȴֻһֻùҰһɽ⣬ûĶ
ֻýֻȿȥֻʮӣɫ磬Ͻûشȥ
ʯͷشӽǮϣӣЩǮţ֪Զȥ׬
ǮϾ㵵ؿʮӣ⡭ⶼһ׬ģ㵱ϻˣ
ʯͷͷţһͷƽܼЩϻƫƫȴҲˣٶһͷҲٶ׬ʮ
ǮǺݳ˼£Ǯ׬Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ҪЩ㹦һһżͷϻǿΣյý
ʯͷһ֣лһСĵġ
˵ʵȥɴû׬ǮͷԣɽҰҲǶվҪûôĲǻϻȥãʦôɽӶ֣
ֻ¼ȨҲֻһЩɽлֲһ´˵ʧϾҪҹĽĪңĪҿҲôֵ鷳԰׼ҵǵȻôֱʣ
оǣʵҲǮӡ󡭡
˹գʯͷ̤ϻ룬ϻ࣬Ҳ֪㵽˶УĴ
ֻֻϻ׬ǮԶûﵽ룬ֻҩһڡ
ڸŴһɽʱʶ˲ֵǮҩݣеҩֲѾһܵʮãҲ׬˲ٵǮ
һ¨ɽʱżȻһˣЩͬ˲ٵҩϻгһɽ޲ľȣ
ʯͷЩҲЩ⣬Ѱһ㲻ϻ룬ͬеĻϸ۲һ£ȻЩ˵мӣ˵Ǻܸߣ˶Ź󵶽ҲǺͰһ˶ּǰϻ롣
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ʱΪɽϻô࣬Щ˸ˡ
֮ʯͷûɽѾ׬˰˰ӣ˱ʦһٶȫǮϡ
ôǮɰǮϸòᣬѾüͬ˵ӹˣɽ
ʯͷٶڵҩǲ׵ʦ֮ˣʦܴҴͬ˵ʦҪȥ棬ԼסֻܸȥٰӦˣʯͷڴĪҺʹˡ
үӵָ¿ʼ˽Ĵ󹤳̣Ů
ǻͽûԼһʧأĳλͷ壬ֲô
бǮѿˣӶ˽ڶձûټҺЩûŻĴ˼ﶪ˲δʰߵĲƩһЩ˵ΣǼвصǮ
ʵܶ˻ɣ˳ҹĵĵ֮£Ǯѿһص㻳ɶֻϧ˲ˣҲûʡ
ʵϴ˲µòҹʯͷߺʱǮѿ뿴ͽŻմ壬ҲӣɰȽŲ㣬ûˤ˸ͷﺦ£Ƚŷûֻ굽˼ͷš
ǻͽ˴壬ȫɢ֪ӲܰȫԱ۾͵װ
ֱͽǳߣд죬Ϊػ԰ȫȥȻˣֻûûûƲҲں˼ûգǱסˣβ˳Ͻ뿪
һƥս֪ôܵǰԶĵط̽ȥǣƥƥ۾˼ԼǶۿ·ֱ𾪵Ż㵽Ƨ֮ûߣһǣƥˡ
ǣŮһݣһŮ׶æȻʱʼѹٽ͵Ķŵϣҹǣƥ˴ӡ
ǮѿǷ˱ʲСĲƣѴмϸԣ˼ҷ˸飬͵Ķ֮ټ׬ʮӣְƥϹʮʮɰֵĹǺ
ӣǮѿһƣ㳯سǶȥ


320 ý

ܿǰ¹ȥһСѩʱзؽĹԲĻ
һ˻ϲϲؾ۵˰統ǸԺڿ˼ʮˮϯӽٺ
ôһѣǴûйĪǣǣֻ˸˼ңּǼĪͷǱ߼ӡ
ЩԭĪϴǮϵĹϵãһҵҲںЩ˵Ŀ
ǮϺĪϴ˺үӴеͣоʯͷĹϵ˴û޹ҲΪǵĲƲʧֲûôΪ򵥣Ҿɷ·ô˵е׬ǲûͷԹ
ĪСɣͬʯͷߵüǮϾȻҲûţֻŮǰעִ磬ǲ㲻ʯͷˣ
ĪСɣﾹȻɿڵ˼ֱĵҪ֤Բʧ񣬸棬Ǯʯͷ
ʯͷɻĳСԱߴ֣ΪʯͷѵûӱܣΧ˿УҲ֪ʯͷΪĪƴ˵ĪҹϵǳǮŮ˼ҲȻ
ү˵ӴΪźɿ˼ʯͷĪСɣɲŮòȴҲʵǰ䣬οʯͷĪо֮ĪŮҲ֮УҲֻĬĬ̾ϢԼͬĪСɣûԵˡ
һƬϲط˺ЩڣϯʼԾƣǮͱͱͷӣĪϺվ˫־ƱŴһ
һϲ쾴һһĪңҲĥѣһܲʵǶһ˵Ŀ
ĪʴûΪôܵôʵǸмҾȸΪһһ
ȿػĪ磬㲻һסţһһļѲҪһ
ӽſڣǰĪ壬ûΪɶ£ǲΪҴɺûΪ£Ƕݺأ
үӵͷĪֵܣ治ͬǼ⣬׻˵úãһú˵öԣһסţ͸һƵģϸ˭Ѷģ۴ŲκѣһŶкӹ
ʯͷΪͬүӵĻҼǵСʱҺֵǴܣҵѵʱ˵ֵͬģϽһۣһѿѴݣ
еǰԸŽһ־ɳǣܽе޻ɳˣ
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һ̩۴徭ôЩ鷳£ѻչ֮Ѷûˣ۴˵ӶȻԽԽã
ߺԣԽԽã
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ΧһȺȫЦø첲ײǮһǡ
˵Īôõӣ㲻ͬʯͷ*˵ɶ
Ҳŵ٩ɣ˵㣬⵱Ҳ߯ûˣһ˶ǰ¶úϲأզôס
ǮһӴιһģǼɣýզأ
ĪСɣĿˮӯӯؿ򱻺ЩΧžƵʯͷȫĽ
ﰡʯͷһ˵ӦҪòƻûذɣ
ľϸɴվҲĪˣƳˣǺãƤӱúܣ»Ǳýɣ
ǮϸϽĪҪ˼ңұͬʯͷʦ̸̸£û뵽˼кҲûˣûڣֱͬС˵£Ҫ˼Ҳ⣬ҲûУ˿զ
λףԭǮϲ°ʯͷܡ
ľϹȥһԱһǣͬ庺ǺȾƣĸϽ
ľϳʾ⣺Ƕ˺˵æʯͷɶǼɣ⣿⣬Ҳˣͳýհ¸£
ȻߵʯͷߣһȺϿʯͷԱߣһơ
ʯͷֵѽ⹦Ϊˣһӵ־壡мҪ㣬ɵʵʵشųɣ
ʯͷ֣£Ͻ壺¾ʣֻҪ֪֤֪޲ԡ
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Ī˵ûƳɣ˼¾һ仰ϲ͸㱣ýĪĪӽɣ㣡


321 ǫ

ʯͷһſ˲ʱǵͨ죬ͻȻоɤ۷ɣֽǰδеز֪ķţ
ֲ˼ؿ󣺡壬ˣҡֻԼ䲻Ī
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֪ʯͷɵԼ͢ҪݣͬĪСɣ׽ʵĺԼǣĪҡ
ľͰѶ˵Ļ˶У±ֺǺǲһ䣺ǱôˣͽĪĪɩ£
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һס֣ӺɷĪҪ裬ֻҪɣ±ˣ
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ĪϺȭһҾλףлһΪ֤ǼɣͬʯͷŻ£ʯͷĪҵ׼Ůˣɣٴϸһ꣬ǱѡӸ飡
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ĪСɣڴԸǿģҸȦһ죬
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Ϲٲִ˳͢İģһֵ͸˰ɿʼˡ
һγÿҪһ֮⣬Ȼּɸ˰Ҫ۸󣬾ȻҪһʮӣ
ٲ֮󣬴类ͷһͰˮϲյȻ޴棬ʮӶȢһϱˣм˳
үǰŹٲ˹֣ˣ֪Щ˿ɸһ೤ʱ׼
ٲһ֣£߹漱ѲɳҲзҴ֮ӣγ͢൱żֻаµޣʳˣһϽ׼ɣ
үͷһأֲòͬٲף¹ٻᾡдһϹٸսɹλүһ·࣬ǲͬһЩɣ
ٲ˿ԺгԵðˮϯмҡҡͷ
ˣǹæȥһ֪ͨأҲóǮǮĪҪ»˰ʱ޵ǣ
ү˹ٲͷһӵ˶ڰ̾
ʯͷٲˣŻصϯ䣺һﲻģ⣬ҿԴǽɽҩ׬Ǯ˲˵׬ʮⲻ󡣡
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±ְΧסʼɽ׬Ǯ֮¡
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һպöҰ޶ˣǰЩʱսɽʱһˣȫǹʽǽɽеҰ޴ȥ١
ֻҪ֧СķټҵĹ𱣻ҵİȫӦû⡣
޹ǣ̶ܿ˽ɽ֣ϯͿʼͷ׼ȥˡ
سǱĪȾͰıӹõҲ̫ƽֱǷŰĪȾ㻹ûȥԹϲˡ
Ȼһеڣ׾ͨԣΪˡ
Ǹ㶼ϲΪ졣
ֵΰ㲻ϲ
ĪȾ㵹ʵڣԤ֮УкξϲûУҲҪ档
ǫԼʶţ
Ըϲ裺үĪҪˣǰ㲻ǫ飡պǵлǰȥԣ˵ǰײʥϣ
ЦԲ޵ֵܣǻ󶮵ЩٳϵĹأΪ֮ҲԶӣΪֽձΪ֮
ĪȾյ̵عһ
뽲Сϴ
룺˳֪˼ǵʵһֵͬܣүд磬Ҳˣ
һȻĪСסղߣÿ첻ͬĪȾ㽲Ϊ֮Ƽ˺ЩȨı֮鿴ֱߣĳиϽȥԺ²ۡ
ӣ֪ΪЩô
Цؿʲôѽ㾪⸱ģֻҪ֮඼ðɣ
ĪȾ㣺
˹뷨̵ñ˵ûҪ˲
ˣ˵ʲôô


322 ҿ˭ң

ĳǰԺȥ鷿ֱӰѰһѵָ
ƣЩȫǹ˵޳ܼ
ϵһ֯˵ͷ飬ֵһ
ĪȾַ̧ӹȻ
΢΢һЦڹٳȽŸѧȫѧЩǱģ֪û֮ģ֮ĲޣѧС˵ļܸõطСˡ
㲻ЩҲߴͽ̣๫иˣ
濪ʻ벻Ȩıȴ˿أ򵥵š
ĪȾѵûĳŮƨһĿࣺӣΪʵϲЩթΪٵɷĻشֵó죡
̧ͷɵͨˣĪҪ鿼˰ɣشɺãھȥ
ֻҪһ뵽ʯͷڴǵɣҲڴоѰʵꡭ
ĪȾͻȻعζоؿĳŮӣ㿴δ֪дЩôʵǲѧţ
ǺǸЦЩʵڰ׼ʱпġ
˵ոɴڳһɫ๫Щɶǻ켣ٳ˳ؼѧʣѧûպҪģ
ĪȾһ㵣ЩҲҪ
ɷнµصͷǵȻȻΪҲҪúÿҪ϶Ҫ󿼰
ĳգգۣտڵһ˿Ц⣺ȻҪΪúöǣӣΪȥʵʸҪ£
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ؿû˿Ц˼
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±һ̵ܳ⣬һ๫һۡ
㣬˺ӶˣˣŮϽ׼һ£ȥ׸
ĪȾһãΪȫӵģ
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ĪȾ㿴ǰյĴţһǰʱ龰ٶȸ֣߬˫ȭ
ƺУ֣๫ж񱨣ֻʱδѡ
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СܽݣŵػһүһƼĸУϲӡ
˲һͷ亹ѲҲˣ
С˸ĨСĲ֪СһСϽүͨˣûʡ
ջһ棺ʶʣȥϸʹһػҲˣұȥӭ
׶үһУܽͷǸϽסҪܵСˡ
վסˣȥɣһѡ
Ͻǰס׶үصӭȥ
СǰͷܣȽŹ򿪣Ǽһģϻ̳Ͽֵӭ⡣
룬¿Ҳˣ룡룡
üλҲûֻĵ
ûǲǱ㲻ǽȥˣ˵Ժвúô㽫Һ๫׽У
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ЦһͱϹˣүûйֻ⼸磬ǰҺ๫ѣЩĻ֮С֮٣
֪ûʱ˿Ҳ㲻Ļһջ
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һָĪȾ㣬߿ŰֵףбŵĵУ۵׻һ˿֮ɫжϺһҿ˭ң


323 ˺

бǰ
ĪӣҵȽЩ۵˶նˣ
ĪȾѵóˣãףҪ𣿡
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ϽһЦᣬѽֻĵѣһˣڶأ˵ǲǣǲǰ
볰ŪؿǽտϲģôǿҪȨŵĴûˣ
һðһ߲죺ȨţѾͷ˻⣿
ԱһĪһеڣ˾ӣǱѧѵĵ䷶үĿ࿴㰮Ѿ빫
ʵһ
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ŰֵϾϲֲ֪ı飬´ǡ
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̧ͷһֱһסĳŮĪȾ㣬ϬºһͻͻŰ˵Ҫϸһ亹ƤӺݳ˼£ŸϽˡ
ݣݣʵǱ˵ã˻ͷλؼңȲ˵ԵģøϽϯúףһ²ǣ
Ǻλȷ黹İ׶үʼԸˡ
죬ϽȥϱϯĪҪˣҴҲ۸Ͻմϲɵúúһǣ
ĪȾ֪λǸоԼӦµˣλֳæ⡭
˱ýУҲڱ㽫ֻǳһֻ֣صԺ⣬ҪͷȺ
ΪͷʹȻҴɱڵ֣Ҫ֪ЩƷٽףֳҲ˼Ь
ϧĪȾѵˣҪô뽻£
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ҵأ
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ǺһЦԲӣС˵ĻҲʺ֮ʣΪ˸֪ҪЩô
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ȻȻǽȥѲɵҲȥ
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ѾͷȻȥⲻص㣬ǻŸսţܾߣɣɣϽ£Ǻúģо٣ʵǻϲýء
벻شα㲻˰ɣĪҪΪǷ޶ͬǿһ£ȥЩһʹǲ棬ѵҪҰѻ˵Ƥ˺ƣſϽȥ𣿡
ĪȾ̧һָϵĲˮˣǺò裬ζЩƤͷҲֽţͲ𣿣
ϬԴǺͱɰѰһ飬æ˫ڡ
ûУԩҾûͷô


324 ֮

һұΪ׵ôҲ˵ļ̫ʧˣ
ԭҲͬһ¡ߣǷ˲ʣҲݹŮˣ
๫ߣȥ
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ŭڣĿϸѾ߻᣿
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λֳʵպֵܲӣôִܵ£ⲻ鷳𣿣
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֪ȥĴԺӣ
ס˾ҡͷСĲ֪Сĵ治֪
ڰ׸һȦԾûҵˣ볹׻ˣסһҴ߹СѾһѯʣ֪ȥĴԺӣ
СѾߵӵؿ˿ֿ˿ĪȾ㣺ʣλ
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СѾʵԸ棺ˣūǰʱġ
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תͷǸСѾߣϿɻбþõˣ
СѾָһºլеģ˻סںԺ˷
ĪȾ㳯˷ȥ
ܣﲻڸֻȥ
ȻͷЩԤУȴԸȥϸ롭


325 ô

ǵ޵ʱԸϺͷպҪǵóظ̽
β֪Ů׵ȫµĿʼ׶ԣȴȫεĸᣬ֮ײ֪ҹ˼ȴѰˡ
Ժӵ˹һأֳ
ȫĿɨЩ곤ˡ
˵ﵽںδҲ˵Ҿɱǣ
ߵͷС֪ȫ˵ˣǰѾˣѾѽ
ɫ׵ؼŭ⣺˵ﲻûһظ̽ûȵТô
ĪȾ㿴ͨۿˮֱתæĪҪѹĸȻ£ЩܹŻƭ㣡
ɫһ飺һΣҼ˵ұɱǣ
ŵôʧС㰡ĪҪΪˣ
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ĪȾס֣ʾҪ
ӣǵĻ˼𣿶ҲҪЮҪ˻ظ㡣
գ۾ˮ䣬Ͻ̧佫ȥ
๫˵öԣﶨȻ£һҵ£Ͻ׽ߣ๫ҵҪȥ
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첽߻ǰԺ˴׼ֵܻΪˮ¿⣬ĪȾŲű졣
һɫؿ㵽׽˺δǲ˵ǱŮ붾Һ๫֮Ͼȥ֮ǳԲ˶ߣ
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Ȼ˵ûϴ˵ȻҶˣǾͱˣУϽｻҿԱ֤ǰʣһʹھ˷Żլ
״ү̾˿תͷ޿κεİ
ȥɣĥƤҲš
룺ѽ˵զͲأǱͲãԴԺϴ棬ҲԽԽ
ѻ˵꣬ĪҪ˵ЩҲֻ
Ǻһ뽫γһأŨŨв֮ԱĻҼ£Ͻڻˡ
ϽΡǱɣ죡
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326 ·

뽫յ輸һ٣ü״ү
󲮷Ÿ˵֮λ޴ǣѵǾֻܵӺ֤ûڲˮֽţ׸ĸҺһڲ裿
ŻȻ򣬸ղǿͷҾ˰죬ʵĪȾԩ
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ܿ챸ãСŰʾ£״үֻҲͬȥ
ĪȾǣŰֽų˰׸ĸһǰһسʻȥ
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ĪҪ˼룬ĸ࣬µġ
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Ͱ״үѾѩվ˰죬϶ʪ͸ˡλţ̧׼ҷصԱߵĻĵָָ
ңԲûн׼صʸ񣬿ɵʵǲĽڻĽҰ⣬Ǳ˽ʱڴ˴ȵ֮ٽҵĹС
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Ȱ˵תȥĪȾæҲȥߣ
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űҡͷ๫㲻οңҿصʱѾоߣ˵ָоӺζǲѪ׽ʹ־


327 ľ

ʵ˵ȥߵӰ㲻ͣ䣬ĪȾϣɿʪһƬ
ʵĪȾ㲢ǲţֻǲģ˵ٶĻԣֻҪﲻôѹԸ⣡
Ϸޣֻḧıظο壬ֱٶȳ
˵ҪŹǽӻ๫ðҡ
ĪȾͷãӣΪϱȥ
˫ۺףȴĿ֣صҲȥôһҪȷһ£Ǹųɡ
˵˱㿪ʼ׼͵͵£ǴĵؽǨʽרҵɥ飬µĺУΪ곬ȡ
ڶһ磬ĪȾȫТ£һ֧ɥ鴵صأķĹڿ
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ԭʹʱɻȡǰϸǸ餣ȷЩרҵɥʿ
λʲôľƳɣΪҪôķ䣬Ҫôīߣ
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λæǨصмҲϸ˿Ǹ餣£ǹ£ľǻľƣ
ǰ˵ҴδĹľȷȷʵʵǻľ
ѹͷҪôЩķ䣬Ҫīߣ߲λˣҪֹ׿ֻ»л
Ŀһ䣺ʲôҲЩףϾͿ
ĪȾֽһԣӿ֪ûľж𣿡
˵ЩҲ֪ľľԱߴԲʲô£
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ĪȾͷΪҲпⷽ鼮أľ˺Ӿˣֹеʬףǻᱻľסó
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˷׼飬׵ԩԶ˷֣


328 ԩ

ĪȾҲϸϸ˿һǰʬǡ
ȷĸж𣿻ӡӣˣӣҪҪٿ⺡Ƿˣ
̧ĨһᣬֽʬϵǿһЩϸ߹ǵĲλֹˣˣ߹ǳ¾Թ۵ĺۼһĿȻŹ
ѹؽһһЩһԵĺӽĪȾѡľײ̧ǰϸͷ̵Ž˽ʬ̧С
ףҰȥգŮȻҳɱ֣Ϊ㱨Ѫ𣬻һ
ĪȾͻȻ̧ȺΧ
ӣ׼ҵˡ
ȻתҴұǰȺͣ£ƿһŭش󺰳֣ѹײȥ
ĪȾǰ˾ţ˰ɣ
תͷ㡭󵨣ô飿ǣТȻڷؾĹ룬˶ðֲТŮֱɷҲ
俴ǳܻӡ
˵û޲ĵŮ
ɫ䣬ָס㡭˵ô
Ŀߺ޵ͷ˵ʲôôģҶ췢ģֻǲŵˣЩ۸ļȫҪú
־ŭȻһ仰Ҳû˵Ͻүүǧӡ
󵨰룡ҵ׵ӣ˲ТʵΪŮ
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һΪѣүڣСס
Ȼ̱ˣˡ
ĪȾһֱãٲǿһ֧ɥǰҲΪԾּǰԩͷŰ׸±ƣ
ܿ죬״үѾ¹еʬҲ̧ϣ׻ľ餣Ҳһ̧˽
״ү۵ĹײģվǰİĪȾ㣬ֻһջ
ɰϻλ̫үҲΣֻܰͰؿʼ󰸡
ºˣҪô
ǰһ񸾰룬Ҫ״׸ɱڻľУóĺӾжֶ֮Ȼܽң⣡
״үһüԿ֤ݣ
һָϹľ֤ݶжǰеˣ˲ſ֤
Ǿ߻ľ餣Ҳ˼һ£ͷЩīΪѹ꣡˲˰һ
״үţֻϴü飬һרҵɥʿǹľͷǷ֮ã
ǰ鿴ʬۣܿˣߺȷϵо綾ǰҪˣֻʬѾôֻມǣʵѶ϶˾жǱд
Ŀֱֱ״үˣж˵ڷҵԵĲţΪҪòڸڲƭңɵأ飡
״үһࣺã


329 ָ֤

ΡΡرϣɥ⡣
治ɱģ硭ѽʱֻǷˣԱԸ˼з˽ᣬ֪
״үüͷһ壬ź뿪ڣ˼Сʱ㲢δߣŷҲδϸʬףҷ˽ˣ
Ŷ麹ͷˣ˰
״үһ˼˵˰飬ٴ׸ʻ
ִ˰ҷãλĸͬ£Ѿʮճիϵлһ飬ڳһüĿĶׯģϰ״ү΢΢һ
񸾼ˣ֪˴ǰкҪʣ
״үָָǰľҪʵСﱻɱһҪ֣֪Դ˿б⣿
濴λĸˣ˵λ׸Ķ˳խ̰ƺɫˣƶҲûõġ
һһȢ檣λ˹ȥʱӵݣȥѹѵЩƯңҪôͿ˿ǵöȡ
ɺܳС˼״˼Ҳ֪뿪ˣûԴˣתĿ˽ϣʼݷ𣬾ζӳϢΪһ
˵ɱԼЩǣǿϾԼҲСˣӻã˵ҲȷǶȶ˶ЩһӣԲڽλĸɱİɣ
οԼֻǸŮһûʸͬĸĶҲҲø׳谮СֻԼһŮʵԽҲڣʱλӶٰ㼵ʶδɱ֣ΪҪȵԼԺɱ
벻ֻͨüչ
Լ֣һʱ
үҲΪ
ܿĿ̾˿ĻΪִ׷£ĸ֪˭ֻڷдƺ󣬱Ҳֻýд󡭡˴ʣɶ黹Ը˵ɡ
λĸмƴǣڻת飬תͷϴү
ˣҲ˵֪Ǻ˺СֵΣ
״үءŶһҲ֪˭СѲʱһҲûУ
˵룺УߵѾͷڣػ龭ֻǡ
״үüֻΣʻ
̾С̺˶ѾǲɢˣѾȥãȥࣿ
Ц˼û֪ˣε֪һϹȥ
˱ʵɫһ䣺һȥȻȥ棬˵ȥˣΪĸܲܣ
ѾͷҪѪˣҲΪҷˣαͬһСȥܰңҷɱ𣿡
벻òϣ⻰еҲСʱλĸ̱ؼ
Ҳ㷸ϷϣǱڰ׸ﺦģǾ͵ð׸һĻû꣡װǶϲ˴˰Ҿͽʬ̧ȥٳǣٳ֪ϸף
˼Ųǰ׼Ȩı˽׷ҪҸһĹٸ˰׼ңϵòȻİ״ү
״үһ⻰Ȼɫľһġ
󵨷ҽƱ磿˰̺򣡡
ۿɱŵضסתĶ
ˣ񸾺֮УȻҪҶ̣
״ү֮࣬ؿʼƶϰ顣
߹ʱֻڳ㻹ĪҪΪǻᱻǷ֮ƭ
˵ʱֻߵѾڳѲɻѾߺС
СһѾ߲аֺôǲ³ΪҪ˲֮£
㣬һζƵһѾϣȻֲϽѾ֤˵ôֻ˵飬ҪôѾ֪Ѿɱˣ
󵨷ʵҪȵٶ̺ų𣿣
˱ָ֤ͨ˵ҡͷû˷ŵĵ
ңûɱСΪβȥˣҵ֪С֮ǰ˭֪ôȥǣôͲǱɱ
״˫һУʵúã˵˵ΪҪΪȴţΪҪСĺ°˹죿ҶҪ㽫ᣬȴ˻ľУǺİ
ɫһףʵ˵ϻĿ⸴ӵؿ
ү㵹˵乫


330 

һκǰܣҲûҷˣٶȳ̾
ˣ㻹˰ɣұ㣬ȴ㱣֤ΪСﳥ֮һǵĺһʣִⲻϣϻһǾҪպĺҲһͷˣ
ֻǰһڣ̱˵ϣҲȥ
ҽᷢʮ꣬һʵض㣬벻Ȼⲽأúݵġ
һ˦䣺²ˣ˿ʵλ㣿ҪֻԼ˵棬ЩƤ֮࣬ʵʵ˰ɡ
ؿЦˣˣңɱСҲҼռүģԲŽڻľУóȫģҪɱҪоɣһҲǸӵģûɶźˡ
ϰ״үϺȣˣǾͽѺɣ
һʦ״ǰҪа׶˻ѺϰͻȻǡ
δ˵ɱδ˱㼱ŽѺʲô˼
״үۿҪϳˣֱϣͷʵգȴǿɫô˼׷ϣѺǽ᰸㻹к飿
ߵǰĸˣ㼸⣬һɱڶڣûнһɱ֮ڣ
˫ۺ޵һѣɱɱˣﻹҪСʣǸ࣬͵һɱ˱ǣչɱһҲɱɱҲɱкβͬ
ڿСͰӣϺúϻػͷΪŭ
ĸɱˣȻݽ棡㾿ǲ˵Ǹ˵Ѳ˶
˹Ц˾ɱģҺΪ˶밡룬˼Ҫֻع㣬Ҫ˸Ҳ㣬Ҷˣ˶ѲɻΪɱĸ˿ѣ
СﰡСǸŮҲͬһĴ
뱻ⷬʶôĻֱҧڤ粻飿ʶô
ĪȾסĪҪҪ˲֪ǼĪΪ׵һ죬ʱЩж֮˻νƱ磿
һתϵİ״үΪ˰𣿡
״ү̯̯֣ϰҪ֤ݣԼˣûԵ֤֤ˣѲҪƾһ֮ʣ㽫׸˶̱ƹɣλˣ˵¹ָΣ
뿴ĪȾ㣬ǿ롣
ӣʱ䲻磬ĸΪɣ
֪ȷʵûָ֤֤ǱɱټȥҲֻȡֵ³˵ǣҲǷ̫顣
ǣԲ˼򵥣
λλĸ֮ĶԻѲȥɣɱ׾λװģ׵
ҲΪǰΪ뷴Щ˼ңѵҪ׵ȥٿɺޣٸվ׵ɱĸ𣬼׵Ҳо޷̡
ĪȾ㿴һʱԾֱӽŴá
ӣΪ֪ͷޣΪĸ˸оƾ޾ݣҲֻˣټӺİѾҲΪĸֻһ˿ǻǸϽΪɣ
صص˵ͷҲŴ˳
Ѿ״պնʾڡ
봽һ˿Ūǹڣ˺ݵĳʵǸ
ĪȾС֣Ҳãն˰ףȨԴ˼ĸ顣ӣΪպ󶨻Ϊĸֻع
ᶨͷͻȻһɣӷص˵ͷ
ţ๫㡣
ǶԸ˰׼ңԶԸˡ
֮ͨ󣬰λسǰæտĪȻַԸɥ½ļ̌һץʱſɽȥ
㽫ĸᵽɽĺɽϣպҲʱǰȥݡ
뿪֮󲻾ã׸˴ҴұҹĽظˣ
״үԴϲͰһϻؼȥ
ص׸ȴûҹĽӰ
˲֪λŮʱǱһűֱԼסԺԸˮԡȥˡ
λ򸮴үжǱǶû˵ߵʱֱǸ۵ؤǱƿһǸȫൽģǸϴү
ԪҴȥʱҹĽԡӺȳȥ


331 ϲԼ

ԸЩʳ֮ȥٳ
ԪӦţǣȥҾʹˣ䣬㵱ĪҪ
ҹĽĻن£Ͻȥ
ԪգĸٷѻϽ˳⣬ԸѾ߿ȥгӶЩóԵģԼȥ
һȦҹĽڵԡͰгȫޡ
󣬴δֳܹ裡
뵽ԼҪӰԽ߻ذ׸һ·СʯͷӣҶɡҹĽʵ޵Ҫʯͷ˺ˣ
ɽһɽҩˣֻԾɻزҪɽǼé̼Ұް
ЩѾԹ⣬ͷ¹һɱˣòòˮ㣬Ȫ㲻ﻬ׽һж
٣ÿγ궼к׳ԡ
۷ΪԼҪɽˣʵǲģ
Ϊ˻Ǽֻ׽סˣǼֻɽûʳȻ˸Ӱ٣
ץûԣֻͷ¹һʳȪرߵݣֱգԵڻֿɬ˳ӴԼ͸ˡ
ƴһɴ಻һɽ´ʱȺҩ˸պɽ˳֣ʹ顭
ҩҲˣΪⱻ֪Ϥҹδ̳˶ѳԼǽɽ·Ұ׷ɽϣգҿЩˣ
Щûжʣ㽫ɽ⣬ŵԻع
ҹĽˮ˰ʱ˺ˣųԡͰϻɢųʪĳҡ
ԪϽǰӣõߣҹĽڵĲȣŵΥķ㣬һðԪһʱ
Զ㣡
Ԫŭæ˺󼸲СѣͷʪţҪҪ
ҹĽֻʹʹԷԺݵһۣĪҪǰ£ȥţ
Ԫû뵽Ƣֻ֮ùԹԸ˸˳Ⱥ
ҹĽˣһƣ
Ԫͱһ㴰ֽϾȻ߰ķȻ̻ʣֿ֮֮ɵľٶЩɣ˻᲻ð棿
ҹĽȥһȦϻôǽҲȷˡ
ԪԽ˳Էģȴÿɣҷǿ̬ˣȻ˳ࡣ
ֲôɽ亣ζ򸮵ʳֱªСʳλԵ𣿻㲻һ̺ң
ԪԽԽɣֳǰԺȥ֪ҹĽǸٵġ
ǺĳλҹүԱ㣬ŷǵθǰʱײϵıǼɵĿ⡣
״үϸһλŮȻʵĽţңˣʵǲá
ҹĽüͷһ壺½Ҫ֮ǸϽץ͢ҪЩ޹ؽҪ֮˵
״үϣץ͢Ҫָ֪ţ
ҹĽֱߵ֮λ˻ǼԹ֮ǰͬ˵ĪȾǸֱʯ֮׽Ȼ
⻰һڣ״үݵĻĿֵؿԼ˶ϲŮʵ
ֻ²֪ǸѰˣĪĿ˾ӣˣ壬ıӻ붯ֻϼѰ
ҹĽһôȻһеڣύˣ
״үüչ̾˿ɲˣ֪ҹΪ˾㣬ϧؽƸ뽭˳֣ҪĪĺʯģ˭ʯ书ʵǸǿЩ˾Ȼûܵ֡
ĪȾǰȥæ߻ĸĪ˵ңҹҲ޿κΰ
ҹĽϾʹ˰ݣ
һ˼ȴЦΣֵùǧʿҼ뷢пɽΣܲ˵ʥʯҿ֪ͨѹķ˵ö֮ĪȾӳ͢Ҫ˳αصθ룿
״үŴɫһ⡭У
ҹĽĻأ˼һ²ſڣֻҪһ߲ĪҪǱ粵Ļᣬ棬Ҳ˵
Ҫǵã뽫ʯĺĪһסһύѵͼı֮
ʱ˽ҪֻҲҪ˼ˣʥ֣ɻɱѵύĪȾʵˣĪȾݣʱֻҲҪ׷Īټ


332 

״үȻĪȾǱʵ˽ύʯѹӷҲͼͨѹ֮ˣ֪£ҪҲ¼ɣ
Ҫ֪ңֹǻϵֵܣϻȨĺߣմͨɣһŭȫҶǣֲɵΪĪȾð˴
ʵǸ
׸ΪҹĽĻع飬˶ϲЦ棬ҲûҪն׶ѹ
һĪȾͰһ·ľɽ壬ʵô˾һ
֪оȻǰһӵȫȥæҹɽѰһˮλã·ء
ڶһ磬˺ľᣬʽʮ¡أĪȾ·ǰ֣ĸģ
ĸϣֱܷ֮ģСһӺúúǻ룬ԶṼѹһȫһϲ֣Ҳ֮鱣ӣǶӶรŮ
ԭֱʹȴһԺͿǸжǿЦãȦһǡ
ˣ๫ϺչԼɣĪҪô鷳
ĳŸϽĹ˼ͷ
ĸԭСㆪ£֮һҪչ˺ԼĪҪҼӵǣǻʱǰģȥ˾ǣҲ᳣
ҲĹ֣ؿͷŮ֪㶨Ȼԩ飬ģǶ֤ݣ˭ֻҪһҵ㹻֤ݣһỹһĹ
ĪȾҲɫĸˣСػΪ˲иŬ
޶ĹݣشȥлǰæĴ˺֧ɥӡ
ĪӾһ˵ĪȾͰ֪ʯͷȻĪСɣףСڴлܻӭ
ʯͷѾɽδζض飬үӶ޲ڣа֮λ˼ʯͷ˵ôҲϴӦֻա
ĪȾЩؿʯͷʯͷֵܣȻѾɣףǴպڴ˰ɣ˹ıƣܴ˰Ϊβ֮λҲýдǸӰģɣҲܶ༸̤ʵ
Ǯϱڵͷֱһǣ˵ôо̤ʵˣ
ĳԴϰһǣί̧ࣺĪҪͷҴɵ˻νμӴ󿼣
ǮϣϽࣺ˭㹷²ûûɵɣ
ԭЩ䣬ȴ̲סЦ
ĪҪĵʹɵԴӲأ
ĪȾΪһӣΪ򣿺۵ģΪ򴵴ӴŲۡ
һ˶ڿĺ˼˫ֽ˳
ĪҪˣʯͷֵܻô˵
ʯͷЩεһ˶ȥŻشĳиղŵ⡣
ʵһҪ£һֱ֪οͬһ˵¹ҵ֪ˣΪǣͬɣ¡
Ͳµʯͷ򵥣ĪȾҲԤϣֻĪΪ档
ĪСɣ֪ʯͷ磬ֻ˵ôһ˶⣡
ʯͷ޸мɻǳ˰βſڡ
Ҳ˵ǣһֱ˵Իǡ
ɫʯͷµ㲻ҲˣԻ˵ɣһҲи׼鷳ҲȫӦ֮ߡ
ĪȾͷ˵öԣʯͷֵܣǶ鷳һֻ֪²Ҫ̯ϴ鷳
ʯͷһŹϵؿڣã˵֪Ƿ֪ǰװؽʯһұųնһ
Ī˾ãȻʯһգر뵽ʯͷҲʯ
ʯͷ磬ѵʯ𣿡
ʯͷ˵ͷˣұʯΨһҴĶӡ
ұʯ壬Ҹ׵ӣҸױͨѹʥ¿ʯųն
ۿżһڵ£ҲҪնʱʦԵ¾ߣϻĴɽһס꣡
Ҳû뵽ʶĪֺɩӣû뵽ǻشֻ֮ͬɣ¡
ԭҹ˼ԼĲǣǡҡҵɣ
ʦҲ˵ҪճޣúõȢӣҲǸʯѪ
һǵģֻʶҵݣĪҴҪĻ
ĪСɣѹǰס֣ʯͷ磬̫ɵˣҲŲںôأҲôãͨѹȻǱԩģ


333 ׽շ

ʯͷ޸жɣÿ˶һʯңҸɽʱҲȥӪΪҵָ˵ûãֻסң
ʯͷȥӪĪȾһһۣͷͬʱ˲ԤС
˵ͷǣͷ㴫һ죬ƺŲڷɿؿ
ԺͨĪӣдУ֪˺£
ĪȾ㿴룬ڣˣ
תʯͷʯͷϽһܣĪҪ˷㡣
ʯͷ˵ߣĪСɣʯͷ磬ҪСģ
סĪҪš
ĪȾݳһ񣺡ӳɼλ籣¸м֮¿²ǣλȥ
ڿʱо鲻Ҳδ˵ֻһ֣ĪӲؿҶ˱иˡ
˲뿪ãԺ㴫һ죬ѺìǽͷϷһӱɿؽԺΧ
Īͷ˸ξץó͢շֿΥɱ⣡
ĪȾʾˣĪҪţסʯͷ˭ҲĪἰһֻ֣֪
Ī˵ͷһһԺӣǶӱѺС㳡ȥ
ܿ죬һӵȫ˴Ĺ㳡ϣ԰ټƵı֮Χסоͼͷѽеĺӳѩļ̣޲սľ
үӹǰ¹˱֪λүΪҪҵȼڴˣ
һλɫĴӽǰүЦһ
ΪΣѵǲ֪ԼѲس͢շĴϽշ
үӺʹ⡭ǷˣǴûг͢Ҫõշ
Ͻŭһ󵨵񣬾ڲƭΪշڻѵ֪Ѳշһɵ
үŵøϽģ¹ʵڲ֪ĸǳ͢շ뽫ʾ
λٶȳ˷ǰװפͳ˧ʯ֮ʯ壬ʯͨѹ´ʥ¿ųնϾôڷӣӻʯͷձ㱻ѲڴˣϽ˽
үӺһӵ޲־ʵǲţʯͷôõˣȻǳ͢շ
үԥϽ˹֣ɣʯͷǽշ
ѻ˵꣬Ͻֱһ޽֮鵹ڵأ
ĪȾϽȥүӣû°ɣ
Ͻָ̧סĪȾɣʯǱش˴ѲأҲǣ
ĪȾүֱĿرܵؿˡ
кָ֤ʯͷǸʯ壿ǽҲû˾ָΪ͢շȨɣ
ɫһ󵨣ɱȻг֤ݲŻᵽˣ
˵űһ죬Աиһᣬֽ֮һչǰ˽սףֳһǹϣȴӢǳʯͷò
ʯĻʯ䳤ƣڼǰӪ뱾潻֣ΪϹϴ
ʯھӪӳһֱоֱĪȾ㣬㻹Ӵ˵ʱ
ĪȾ㿴ǸҲЩ磬⸱һǳֽ¾ɷƣϻգʱġɡ
벻ʯͷúݵȷҲѰ
ֻ˻һۣĿ㱻ӽԼɼһȥ
Ǻˣ
ʯͷʯͷϷ֤۴ʯͷ⻭˳һһ
ȥ˵ĲˣĪͷӣ
ûѹ书ߣԭǳ͢շ
ʯͷּҿûϵǳĪϴģǼҵŮأ
ǰλүһ˶շûϵĪҵŮǼġ
ּǼĪͷļϱǴ˱ĻᣬָʯͷĪҵĹϵԼܵǣ
ӽϺһˣĪ˾£
һȺٱȺĪʮȫᵽǰ
ſ˫ִ󺰳Ī޹أǷ޶˽ʯͷشģҲ֪ǺֻΪͬѧϰգŽʦ˻죡
ǸЦø֪Ϊ˵·֮˵ҲˣĪҾȻŮʣĻ˼һ᲻㽫ŮһİˣȻ֮˵˭˻ţ
ĪҪٽƱˣгʯ䣬Ѳس͢շҲУǾݹֱˣ
ֵزĪȾ㶼ĪǶ㲻һ١


334 

Ȼλһȣ˵ǰɣǺãȽǸѾͷϳʯδŵϱɣȻĪҵĿһİǸҳӣȿѾͷ֮
һ£ҪĪСɣϳȥĪȾæҪסá
ĪСɣȻ׽סֱۣĿϵ
磬ĪҪң˶ڣԩʯͷ磬Ҳǣ
С˵űƿĪȾĳۣǰһ
ҪɱҪϤ㣬ţʯͷǺˣδҲԲҳӣ
ŭĿһָø֪ߵغСѾͷȻΪӡ͢շԩڲˣʵɱ
ۿĪСɣʿǰϽٶʮĪһҪʯ壬ǾĪҪֱֻɱˣ
˼ԲɱĪСɣ꣬ǲгʯͷȥ򣬻ҪһһĪҵ˰նʾڡ
ǮϿŮ˰λεĴ󵶾;ͷϣλʵ̲ס޳ɣҵɣĪҪɱҪɱɱҰɣǵ治ʯͷİ
Ȼô޺λӽǣƤһʼ
һ
͵سǰȥſ˫ֻסĪСɣĿɨЩʿ
Īҵû֪ʯͷݣѵҪɱ޹
ΪʿѵӦϵգԱΪΣףֻ˸ҪɱδҲ̫˰ɣ
Ͳ´˾ٻðĺ˴ʿڰгߵ󣬾Ͳгһջʵ۱»һ֮˽𣿣
ͦأ˿ΪȻֱ˵һ֮˽űɫ
󵨷˱ɱһ֮˽׽ó͢շΪЧλᱻ
һֻ½ЧĲǵʥϣ˰ɣ
ϽŭĿԲţΪʥЧΪЧ
һָ󣺡ôʣڽǺηʥѲɱǵʥϣ
һָ˷׷׿λ󣬴ӽҲɫһ䣬֮תͷ
ʱĪȾ޳Ӱֱȥһץһۣ㽫ϽС
ӾУ󵨣󵨡
ĪȾϵĳָһڡ
ãһëҪĹ
һȺʿŷֽã뽫ϱָĪȾ㡣
˽ȫ
ĪȾɨˣеԣ˭Ҽһ£ŤĲӣ
˵΢һӷһǲҽУŤͷ亹乶䡣
˫֮ʣһЦ˶Уıÿ¶ĿǱˣҹĽ
һ⣬Ͻ֮ɫ
øĪȾ㣬Ϊɽ޷ǰɣϧϧԽ˺ΪԽı֮·ϣĿ֮ˣҲȲ㣡
ó͢Ҫͷи̣պҺ򸮶ӱշ˰ҽ󵨷ĪȾ£
һ£б±ϳĪȾ㡣
ţȳǰȥǸߺҹĽҰģȻɱҪı𣿡
˶ʱһӰӥԿһѽҹĽൽϣ˳ֳ䳤һܣ
ҹĽо˫أŴһ⣬˫Ųȵȴһȥ
ʯͷһס죬Ŀ⸴ӵɨҵȺ
ʯڴˣ췢ģ˼û֪ҵĪҲӲ֪ﳼ֮󣬽λʦҪõĲʯĳˣҿ־ܣֻĪҪ޹ڳеĴˣͬߡ
ĪСɣҡͷʯͷ磬㲻ܸߣǸͲ
Ҳźʯͷ๫ĪҪͬҹĽһߣȥǣȥΪ
ĪȾ飬̲סĬĬ²ۣΪҪȥģΪβһȫߣҸԴȥ
ӣҪһߣ֮Ϊ㲻û֮
ʯͷжؿĪСɣҶ𣬹ûո֪ҵŻ˺ǶߣҪ׽õңҸ߾ˣɣǾʹ˽ԼϣպһɿˣĪҪһ
ĪСɣ˫ƿʿ˹ȥ


335 

ʯͷ磬ҲҲŲҪԼҲҪߣҴģҴɩҲɣҪһߣҪһ
ҹĽͻȻЦĵЦЦ
һĴϷ壬ĪҪϷˣԺҪȫ£ҹΪֶṼʥڴնҲҪͳͳ£
һˣ̧ͷһ۳̧ʾ⣺ڽʿ˺
һڳб˱ĪȾסĺ֮⣬ͳͳ˳ʮԶ˵С㳡ıԵ
ҹ鰲صؼ˵ҹңǲܼСҪЮӲ־͸ôȱ뷢ڳ˾ɱ
ɫ䣬ǸǲŶһС
ּҼ˵ȿ޺޹ģ
ĪͷҪӳ㳡һ֧ಣһ˳ȥǰ棬ŵһ˵ػȥ
ҹ鰲һ˵ǻ̾˿
λ׸ϣǱϸǻĻᣬҪǱҳӣԭֻ׽Īһڰӳ͢շ֮ˣ˭ǷҪ翹ΪٳӣҲֻܴɱһ٣ҲŹһˣ
⻰Ҫ䣬ּǼĪͷļϱָ֮סĪ˴
ȫǺһ˶Ҫ
һﻹĪɺĪסֻҪǽǱ㲻ˣ
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ĪȾߣһźԾĪǰ
ҿĸҶҲ
䣬ĪҼӱ
ĪɣҪ˶һûŶ
չͬƴˣ
Ǻ˲䱻ΧסĪȾźסˣһȺץ۴У쳣ҡ
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ʿϳŴ˺ʯͷ׼
ҹ鰲ƺҲɻҹĽʯͷϣģ
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ĪҪɱ޹ҪñҰɡ
߾˫֣־͸ҹĽһԾ£ֱӷһţߵڵأɫغ
ˣùǣˣҿţ
󱼳һһѼŸҪվʯͷǴ˽ȥ
ĪСɣʹޣҪʯͷ硭
ʯͷҧס粿ľʹתͷһۣĪҪû£
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ĪСɣֻǰһڣʯͷһڵ
˫ͨؿҹĽ˺ݾֶʵµʶҲ£ĪȾ䵽˵ֻΣ
תĪȾ㼱๫ߣϽߣ
ϧһжˣҹĽ·ħһЯŴ˵˰뾱䡣
ߣҪĪһ˵
ĪȾ㣬ҿԷĪˣҲӣĻǸܣվ˵ļգ
ĪȾϻźڰ벱ϵĳϸߣ
ĪҪӣ
ҹĽɫһƴǣҵȱΪ׽ó͢շִά͢շΪ׽˺Ϊʣʵﲻˡ
ҵȴʿΪףҹԿҲֻȨ֮ƣֻҪȻǣ޹ӺĪһ˻ȫѡ񣿡
˵ñȳĶȴѾ˴еĿģ˶ҪĪȾ
๫ĪҪңܣȥ
ҹĽ벻ȻԼɽܳˣôһϷԸһӡ
ѾزĪȾ϶¼˺ĥǴɷΪ
ãҿԲҾûı֮ģҲӲ֪ʯͷݣ׽Ϊֻǲ˺ҵļˣҲǷӳ͢շֻ˸ʦѣӺͼҪЮҶԩ
ĪȾŽɿ㱻һȺʿ˸ʵ
У๫๫ɵӣΪβܣ
ĪȾ̧ͷЦЦӣչ˺ΪȢΪޣ޺Ҳûô£ֻҪúõģܸΪŮΪԲˡ


336 

ҡͷ๫Ҳģţһ㣡
ĪȾ㱻һͬʯͷһ˳صļ˴ĪȫʧʹҪǰȴʿס
뿴ҹĽˣɷ˽˵䣿
ҹĽ俴һۣҷˣܣ
ؿ˦ȥǸװƵõһǰΪĪȾвż
ۿĪȾʯͷѺߣ׷Ҫٺĳ˵仰ȴǵǰЩͷ
ľϡ˹ס
밡Ǻã
ɺʯͷľ͸ȫΪ˴˲ǣ
룬ȥ°ɣܰ˾Ȼ
ҡͷǰңԶü
ͷŮ޵üҪʵţмò֪ĹֻӲͷƤǰȥ
Ҫӣ콫ɣؼȥɣ˱һʯͷʹɶȻģĵţĪҪ̫ġ
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ܽ˾Ȼ𣿡
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ǮϸϽԸӣɡɣɩһȥ
ҡͷܾؽͬȥߵòԶȥǡ
ǮæͷԶԶԣڣ鵱ܸðЩȥõǣֻҪɺʯͷû£Ƕ£
Ҳ˲ٶ˵ܻؼȥԱӣ׷ǰͷȥ
ȻҪȥæϾʯͷǳ͢շʯͨѹմֵ鷳㲻ûԼҲǣѣ
Ҫ׷ҹĽ˸ô̳ĿĲپҪԼԹģֻҪܾĪȾΣ
ȻûбԶھġ֮׷˿ͣȺ
סָѯʣǰҹСү
ҹĽͳнǣһǺү
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һƾһ϶ǳ͢շδϣ
οԽıºֶΣǿһѣҪΪϴظ£ֻϻǲˣ
ҹĽԲ죺ĪҪ˵úԩ룬ˣôܸķ
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ĪȾûǮʯͷûƣҲǲ˼ұ˵ұѣ
ҵԸպҲôΪŲòԼţȻͬһѵСٵĳҲû𣿡
ҹĽ޳ŪعЦ밡룬ǸΪ˵ұҹĽֲɵӣ
ңΪγٳٲͬĪȾ룬Ҫֵ޷ճĵزſҷ
ĬƬ̣̾˿˵ʵֻͬ׼ŻͲԸ㣬ţ
ҹĽţ˵أ
ԲϷðɣȻ㿴͸ˣұֱ˵뿪ĪȾֻΪҺãֻһˣһ
ҲΪĪȾǸˣﰮҶԲŻ㳼ǲϴӦҲνұͬһȥ
ʯͷʵǻ޹أκʽ׽ҶƫƫҪ๫һ׽ҶȻûֻһ˵ĵҪôȫţҪôȫҲһ
ҹĽߣãܺãļвң룬Ҳ̫Ϊˣ׼ͬһɣ
ȻߣϽȥ
ˣҹСүû˰ɣ
ҹĽûֵ֪Ҳң
ǰֻһߡ
˵ȥǵɱ๫ʯͷǻͬһģ֮ǰôҲȥ߶һΪҪ
ҹĽ͵ס֣룬㾹ѹңھ𣿡
ЦֻǲףȻԣ


337 ΪӪ

ҹĽһݣŵؿ˿ܻ谵ҹɫ
˻ڣ
벻ÿɷ񣺡үǲܹȻ͢ӷҲǳ͢ӷһҲΪɣ
ο֪ԼֶʵңǸҪˣõԼ
򣬵ѽιҪɱһŮأֻ֪֣θ룿
ҹĽʵòᣬŰöͷֱɦĸоΪ֮ԵŮӣܽŪ֣ζ֮׸붼ʹ죡
һҪʵӦҲ޷ֻ轫ĪȾʯŪжɱҲ
ҲɱĪȾʯ壬Ϊ檣
ɿڣͷ΢΢һϲȻֻ
ҹĽӦüͷһ壺ֻô
ֻ̾ôƶˣƭң㽫ŪǴзϣȻٷŻҲ㲻ɱǣҿɲ뿴๫䵽ǰľأ
ҹĽøƵŮӣȻƶˣ
˶Ṧǲ书ѱպѰұ㣬ֻһΪ룬ҵĴұʯ°̵ɽЩ۹һ֣
죺ΪҪĴΪβ°ƫҪȥֻԼв壬㻹һֱڱңֲڱ㣡
⻰˵ҹĽʵ
ã룡˼ã㵽׻벻ú̸
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ҹĽ
ɶ̫ɶˣȻֲպŮĽ˸ôʰ
뵽ǿͷ쿪ڡ
ĪȾǩº飬һؾԻ˷ˣʱε˸Ϣǡ
ʣ֤Ƿֺ
ҹĽҧǣҲҪˣ
˵ȷ֮ٽ常׽һΣʯĪôˣһٶΪʣͲŪɶĶ
ɿڣðɣһΣ򣬿ɲƭҰ
ҹĽԱһȺ궼ƭ㣿
ֵ»سǣұȥͬ๫̸֮¡
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Ǻǣļɣδױ㷿٬֮Ī˵Ҳ㷿Ӧҵû֮ǰҶ㷿
Ļ͵ǿбҰɣ
ҹĽյػͷȥͬҽֻһ룬ĪҪͬˣУ׽һΣ׽һΣ
᲻֪գ
ģҲôĻᡣ
ҹĽûٶ˵һӱ޴ݣɿǰȥ
Ͻϣɲһڵҹ·
Ȼǲڷִ쳣ʱӦþѾϻٳǱȥˣҹĽʱʵһ亹ˡ
Ҳ֪ҹĽǸĻˣи㣬Ǿʱ̻ɱҲƣĵľҹĽҶ
ʵĸҲָʱΨһָĻĪȾʯͷֻҪıųʯͷʦʦܣǿɶָ֣ԼҹҲ£ǶȻ跨ȳȥ
ʱĪһԶԶضǣش֮
ԣͬҹĽ̸ֻƭˣպԱ취ġ
뻹ͷһιһ˼ںҹмǰСҡҡλΣһִԽʱյĸо
ҹ䣬˫ּȴ֣ԼȥһһҪͬĪȾ㳤أö˰ڲ
سʱ˶ҪˣѾ׷ǰͷ˴ֱ֣Ӫͷŵסߺ
ǲҽȥͬ๫̸֮°
ҹĽǰͷһۣŶ
ϳƿӪ

ѾӰҹĽһժСƤͲһЦ
αļ㶳Ƚůһȥ˲١
ͷһۣðɣֻʱ磬ǿһЩΪãպԼˣʱǼһظǲ֪ʲô
ҹĽɫһڣģҲھӪô㣡
üҲû˵ôҰֻʱѡ
ҹĽջصһۣתȳǰͷӪȥ


338 ԵȤ

һʣŻ裬ǰȥ
ҹĽ鰸ǰȡֽʣһīһ͡
ֻΪ׷ĪȾ㣬أ
ǳЦһշްնⶼӦõġ
ҹĽΪмسŪĪҲҰ񣬼ĪȾеСϰЩèĹҲֵðС࿴ɣѲϲĥĥǽḯ
뷴ʣʽˣԼߵŮϲʲô
ҹĽüƷòѧǺǫ顣
ҡͷ࿡Ǻõģ㳤ͷһֳִһᱻŮ׷Ϊ䣡Ϊ˲ȡһֻ˵ã񣡵Ƿϲˣǿɾ˵ඣ
ҹĽȳ˲ʱ˼û˵ң
ζҲ˵׼ÿǷԸ˽ˣϵ¾˹ƽԸĶԴˣĴ㣿
οˣ㱻ڸȱ㣬Ҫ˿ıʣӶϲ㱾ˣֻ¸Ѱ˼ϼѣ
̼ΪΣĪ˵˲Ҫ˽㣬쳤վԼҲ֪ȨӶʧ˱ģ֮ûɣ
⻰ðǰü˼Ƭ̣ĩЦһڱŻң
ڷò˵ģ򸮼̳ΣѬģûң
ȥ䱸̧
ҹĽƴǣд顣ԼдҴд
ֱԼĿ⣬վԭûҲдͽдɡ
ҹĽҲûͬ£Ǻպīʱ㿪ʼд֡
ܿдã±ֽ˶ֽа룺Ѻ
һǰȥһҹĽŻذϵĺ顣
ߴ˿ĺһƫƫͷ
ҹĽߣô뻭ѺҿɾҪˣ
Ŀת˫в۾
˵Ϊˣôϲأ
ҹĽһ׽ס󣬽ǰ˫ۡ
㲻üңҲĵϷ䣿
룬ҳǶеȤҲֹ㳤ù˵ʵˣԲŻᱻ
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ϧʵ̫ˣǾһֻһ򵥣ԼһСľͰǸ
ԷȰòҪսҵԣĻǵСǸɰĶӡ
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ҹĽ˦֣õģ˻Īֻ˽ĪΧ˶ѣ㵱ңҲұ֤ὫΣ
߸΢΢һɣʵǳһ亹ΪڣӦúܰȫû뵽ҹĽ޿ײ룡
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ҹĽʾֽ飺ʹ㣬ҲشĽʿǶˡ
ִһīʵʵźϰ˸ָӡ
ƣҶھͲ๫ˣϽȥɡ
ҹĽŰָӡĺ飬ȳȥ
Ҳˣôˣ
첽ǰͷǵɶӰ
һ·ӪȥڿһƬѹѹӪһȫյʯηҹĽǰΨһɹ˽Ŵ򿪡
һͨȫʯǽȼһյյ谵͵ơ
ҹĽͷҲûصǰߣ˾ͷ̨ף۷һȫǺĵҡ
ŵһɺŵζѪȲŸ÷ùζŻڵĵҲ֪ٲ˵£
ԶһǲҽУʹһ飬ԼĪȾ㣬ȳǰȥһѽǰͷҹĽƿű
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ڲһ̷Ŵ󿪣ֱȥǰ龰˻ߵŭǷſ
̷ʯͷĸľͷϣѻȥ
ĪȾϴųصļЬӱǵֵ׳˫ǿаһ˫պЬ
սζУʱ˫ۡ


339 ɵ

Ƿſſ
ĪȾʹϼⲻͣ鴤̷Ҳ֪Ǽ̫ʹ࣬ˮһӻ˳
ӡ
ǰҧ̵׳˻ͷҹĽ̷߽Ͻ
ٽ
һ֣ĪȾ㵹˵ϣ־Ҫȥץճ˫ϵЬӡ
ĪȾ㼱ĪĪҪ
ҹĽһѽ뱻𣿡
Ѿһֻϧûʩָ֮ȴ̵졣
ŭӵõõ˭Ṇ̀˭еġ
ĪȾ˫ֱڲϣԼĽţ뼱ڸ˫ЬŪҲ֪Ȼ˦ҹĽȥ
ҹĽһνסԱ߿˵ˡ
ȥ̾ߣ㣡
˸ϽùһԵǯӣĪȾճס£һɸŨҵĽζɢ뾪㤵ؿĪȾŵƬⱻճѪ¡
ĪȾ۵ȫֹ۵絶
ǾȻ˴Ҫɱǣ
ƵĿѵص̵׳ҪҹĽ޲ܽĪȾļһʬΣ
кڵأմδȴһðһ̱
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˻ֹ۾תͷ㡭ĺ
ҹĽ˫ͷĪһ£õ̡
ҡͷĵ̰ɣ⻰㣿
ĪȾ㿴ҹĽڻʹ˲ˣֺ޵֧ɤӻ룺ӡ
ҹĽ˫ۣ˹򵽵ϣסĪȾ㣬Լϣؿ˫Ѫ˽š
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Ӧһ˵ģأǩ˵㻰Ϸǣ
ҹĽ۽Ǻݳ˼£һ۵Ѿճֽҵĺ顣
ţȥдһ
ת̷ȥ˼ֻͷ׳
סǣĪҪٶ̡
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ĪȾͷӷģϵģӣΪҪ룬Ҫ룡
һ߸ϵ˴һȰ⣺µܾǵҲֻһˣ๫˵ģʲôҵġ
ĪȾҡͷΪ˵ôӵģҺ룬㲻ҵˣΪҲҪӺ룡
뿴һۻĪȾ׳
ɽڣûգ๫㶮ҵ˼𣿡
ĪȾ˫ҡͷ˫ˮͲᡣ
ΪӶˣŻô壿
ۣС˫ŰãҵһԵЬӸϡ
๫ǲΪұԼΪҲ޷Ϊ㱣Լˣ
ڿ˵ҵĻǽ㼸ζҵĻҵģʯͷһߣǺ䵽ⲽأ
ĪȾίʮر⣺Ϊܲ㣬Ҳܲܵﰡʯͷ˶᲻ǣۣΪǿףض
οΪûзΪҪӣηǱӵǲҪ˿ʵ
̾˿תͷתѵʯͷ
ʯͷ֫ѪͷϱҹĽһӣ˿ɢҵĳ϶Ѫǿϳ룬ֵǵ졣
Īɩǡ
±ӣסǣֱסֻ֫Ȼ۵Ҫ
ʯͷɻãұǳȥ๫պˣ
ʯͷЩȣȥ𣿡
ĪȾѹҡͷϼֱ졣
ӣΪ롭
ͷɵϣһֱΪܴΪε˹ؼʱҪôִ㲻ȥһž֮գ
ĪȾգ飬ԾίӣΪӵ˼Ϊ᲻ӣ
һƬɾ½Ǹ˲ˮ
Ǿóʱ,ڳĺĺ๫ӺɷҪõ𣬷ŵ£Ѫᣡ
սĪȾǳȥԺҪߣжԶ߶Զҵǰٺȥҡ
ĪȾ˫۽ס˫ֲص˵ͷ
ӣһҪأ


340 ŮС

ҹĽܿдһݺ뻹ĪȾ˵ʵܲʹ죡
ǰϵͬʱһѽ
ˣǹİɣΪ˱Һ˵仰࣡
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ҹĽǿץĪȾ֣īϣں¡
ܺãӴ˱㲻ǷޣлŮޣɣⶫʱǱܣ룬߰ɡ
ĪȾ˫ȫˮѹŰ룺ӣҪء
ͷ๫ҲҪأ
ҹĽ̷Ըǿ׳䣺ٸ̣غţǣôʱõҵôʱܷˣ
Ťͷ򻺻̷ţĪȾ˫ŵأѪִһνС
ûѡֻܹȫĪȾʯͷȵ˾ǣڣҹĽĳ룡
ٿˣٲ֮ķԵҲѾˣӽֻҹĽŮˣ
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û֮ǰǲӦŮ˵ģǿбȣǿɵúúպͬ
ҹĽŭЦ룬֪ƽô
üҪЮ
ҭðɱˡ
Ȼ֪㻹ң
νƴǣɱңˣһòĹ򣬲Ū־ɱʵڲʣ
ΪҳɱҲúú룬Լܲܿסŭ𣿣
ҹĽٶȺֵ̧˵룬֣
뵭ڣŮӣʥƣΨŮСҲôɷ򣬺ιʷҪմһŮӣѲСˣƫҪԶ
ҹĽŻѪĳ嶯ջ˦ӿŲηȥ
ֻͷ˿ηȫǣµͷҹĽԶˡ
˳ηҹĽûٴ룬ԹԵسȥֱٶȴ
ճʱҪڶſ㣬룬òҪˣС
ֻҪ㲻ˣбǺˣ
ҹĽݳӪŻһηǱϼӿأ뿪װ֮ͬĪ˵һն֮
񱼣ûʱصĪĪûбҹĽƭģ
ſڣտţӰԺڷ˳Ʒ
ĪˣѾ֪ĪӵģֺѾٳ֪үȥˣòʱǱ߱аš
뽫Ժڣ˳
ſСָߺףɻˣף
뿴Ӻúõģ˿ӱֶһ
лλջ˵ɡ
ýؽ˹ȥǶһǴ
ָлʱλ绹ܶ໤ʵǲүү֪ǼʦʯͷȻﳼ֮󣬳͢շ
˵㹰ֻĪ˲ˣѾֺ˵ˣҹֶڿɽ׽÷˵ľ˾ԿУ˻سʱҲһ·б龭ѾȻء
һǶ˵ͬһģ
֣صͷûֺֻǲ뱻ҹС֣Բûұ¶٣֪ͬ»ԨԴ˵ķ˻ᱻҹС۸㼱ٳȥˣүΪ˳


341 ϲ

ЩţǣĪմϵĿѲշĴүѵӦñ𣿡
һۣүǾȲĪӣǷ˲ͬ˲δҹֶȥҲδ˵շ¹ϵǳүȻ˷ģ
ҪЩϲֻܿЦˡ
û뵽黹ˣǸֻλֶöѡ
ΣǶл磡
عֻ񣺡˲ؿǷү֮ǰһжӦΣʱ磬˻ЪϢɣҶиˣ
ûؽͳ⣬ͷ
пǰΪѹ
ҡͷûС
̧СԴ˵Ŀһ׺үүһΪҩεĸ磿
뾪ȵؿӣ˵
գգĴ۾ŻںԺ͵Գţ²֪ǸүүṦʯͷ廹ҪǸ磬Ѻɳ㶼ҩˣҺûɱ
ԽԽǾϲ˵Ĺòʯͷʦʦ
ʯͷʦڸϣ书ôߣ֪ܲȥӪΣ
죬ȥԺ
ҪֱӣСӾȻһܵſڣͷ֡
ףӴ
룺СӣѣľȻܲӡ
ȵףܣ
Ǻĳλڶһ·񱼣ܵܳһΪТ˳طΣϧС̫ˣֻܷȡ
һֳ֣ﲻˣҪˣۼԺЩ֪Сˡ
ָ̧Ժһ᷿׺үүס˵ʯͷӣ
Цõظӣӣʦʯͷʦʦ棡ԡԣǳʦֵˣˣ㻹ǽа׺үүɡ
ͷţףȥа׺үү
СӸҪ᷿ܣͼ᷿ĴһһӰԵд˳һ۱վǰ
Сޣүү£ףλ˭ҵް㿡ΣϧϧΪθ֮Ǹ࡭
ǳ˳飺ʦῴࣿ
ͷһߵͷһ߶ƣԽԽһľ棺ҲգϸƺǸ֮࣬ìܣ
⻰⣬Ͳ˵ðǮˡ
ǺǸЦʦͽܱ׽˾Ӫܲܽȳ
׺ͷź࣬ɻ󲻽⡣
ʯͷҪд˽٣˵ģ࣬ԽԽ֣ɷϷһʵǽ벻ͨ
һҡײƭҲˣǸϵͽӣ
ʦῴǺ߰˳˵Ŀģʯͷץˣùǣ֫ߴĴľͷϣѵһ㶼ļ𣿡
׺ͷתȦִսЩ࣬аΪͽļģ
ʯͷҲﰡԼҪˣʮһ꣬˼ϸƣֵܳ꣬ࣿǽϷǰɣ׼һЩ
һϽסȣҲҪõף
뿴ͷһĪӣ֪ΪΣͻȻ뵽ԼǰһĲ
ʦǿ٣ûʮһꣿ
׺ͷ˵ͷţû
ʣɻ
׺ͷ˫ۣ⻰˵ģλҪΣ
һ棺ֻΣپͻ᳤𣿡
СͷۺӣϷûǵǷܶ϶Ǻ࣡
ҡͷˣҵأǵĵͽܰɡ
ͷһ˵ǣȤȱȱش˸Ƿ
˵СˣϷܲ׼ҪùҲŶ㵽㻹ǽɣ
ҪߣϽǰס
ʦ˵书ߣ޵УβȥӪٳ˳ҲȾҼ๫
ͷƤ̧ڶ䡣
Ȱ㻹ˣӪֵط㴳˵ϷǾȳΣ˱շѵҪһӱץץȥϷôˣֻ帣ٸɽ˵£
˵ˣû׼һѩǰܣֺαؼϷϹæ
Ķףֻһ£ͷȥӪˣ
ʦǺ˰ɣ


342 Ӹ

ͷٺһЦҡͷԵؿ
ﰡǴϷǺˣԺֲû¸鷳ӴϷҪ˯ˣĪңϷϱ
룺øϲģʯͷʦ
յؿͷִ᷿һĥ
ͷףأ
뵽ĳôصˣ˻ڵ̲סһۣӡ
£ձԣʱ磬˯ˡ
˵ͷţ֪ˣȥӪ￼˰ɣõģˣȻһеڣ
űᱧŶӻݡ
ţﲻģȻʲôⶼӦˣ
ѶӺ˯תͷֱǰԺȥԸż˴ӣĪҵ˺¡ȫӹ
ҹƺĳ磬޷ߣĪҵ˰ٺãܷȥǣ
֮ǰƽӻĪһӣºҲһ˹ֻүִڴС
һңһҪ跨ʯͷʦʦסֻ£ſɱĪһƽ
ǮϺĪСɣס벻š
룬˵ʵΪҪǣҪȥģǲǴɻزˣ룬ɲܷɵɻزˣ㻹һˣɲ벻
ԼΪԼͬĪȾһѳ飡
ģɻģ£ҲһֻʱֿһӣȴɺʯͷˣȥһȫĵطʱǶٺˣȥѰһ
ĪСɣ˵Ļ⣺ɩͬ˵ʵǲǴӦǸҹģǲҪԼȥҴʯͷ磿
û뵽СӾȻ˴εͷ
ɣֻȨ֮ƣұþʯͷҲֻܸҹĽһȥǣ跨ס¶֣
ҵ˾ǱһȥһǵģʯͷĻҲȥңҲ£һġ
Ǯҡͷɣɣ룬ܽΪﲻͬǸҹһߣ̫ðˡ
ŵĹΪжס֡
ģߣҹĽ㶯ңʯͷʹĥûκ±ȽǾȻҪ
ҹĽӦһصǺ˴ɺʯͷǻˣǱ鷳ӸȥֻҪȷǰȫұ㲻κˣʱ򼴱ǲȥңҲԼ跨ӻġ
ǮϺĪСɣѹؽ§ס
룬ĪҺȢôõϱ
ɩҲߣô죬ģ
˵ӣãֻϧɲѡֻҪܾȳĪȾԲһУ
ͰտˣǸµĺúӣֻȥ˺Զĵط׬Ǯȥˣ׬ööǮԹͬһúö飬ú䡭
ɩ
롭
ǮϺĪСɣٶ§
δʱĪȻԹˣոԺһֱξѣͷͨ
Īˣүˣ˿ǰ򡣡
뾪ϲһ˯ĶӣѣݲŻػ
үϹȥ
Ӧˣ˵
ϸݣųǰԺȥߵǰʱȻĳ׺ͷǽͷϣŲӳǰԺ
ôˣ
ʵش𣺡үҪ
СͷһǽͷϱһͷĸҼǸϽɣ
ֳסۣүĪߣںԺǣֱֲլʲôСŮӻи֮룬Ҫæأ
׺ͷһۣ˵ǲ֮ˣǻĪҪ˵ΪãΪϷ򣡡
ҪߣϽ½ǣүôҪֻᣬСŮֻһССҪ󣬱ĪҪҵļܵ˺
Сͷվ½Ų˫۹µŻת壺ôҪ󶼿᣿
ͷ棡үֻ˵
Сͷź룺Ҫһʮӣ
ʹӦԣ
Сͷ˵ÿҳԺúȺã
޶ԣ
СͷҺɳǳֳŵһҪŵɽϵȪȥ
һ˼ֻһǿԣϲˮļĵطүǸˣĪҪҪ
׺ͷڴӦģģȪͷٲʹˮ̶ˮأһ׼úúõģĪҪҴûأðҲң
룺


343  ò

Ҫ
׺ͷٺֱЦϷ£Ϸֲ⣡
һүүүĸСŮ֮ã
׺ͷܿĵص˵ͷţѾͷʶ࣡ȻˣҲĪҪСŮӡСŮӵĿףϷɵǣ
룺ɵ
ͷЦ˫ۣͷŮȻ˵չһӣչ˺ҹŮϽģøȥɣ
ǳ˳飬ûԵĹˣֱ̫Ƣˣ
Ǻãɵ˼Ը䣬ɶֻȥ˸ȥͷТϣ
ĳͷֺǺźӣúúãŮ涮£
ֳͷ˸ת첽ǰԺȥ
ԭͦⲻͷסû뵽Ȼλɵ׬ˣ
˻ǣЦļ֪᲻跨æĪȾ㣿
ҴǰȻУ뵽ˣλʮүЦվϽǰ
үҹʵ
ҡͷԸҪúι֮УĪҪ񣬿쿴ҽ˭ˣ
̧˳̧ʾ⣬Ȼһ鰸ת˳߽ɴƸպֻ˳һɫףһ޵磬ָһ޳ָסתǰ
衭ϳˣϽд񣺡񸾼£ڴˣ
Խ֮ϴ˼֣Ҳ֪ǷΪҹû˯ã۾΢΢죬Ŀȴֱڰϡ
ضұǷ֮˴ս£ҪԴǰȥƵУ
һû뵽Ȼ׼ģһүսȻҪʱҲ̫˰ɣ
ѵûױ־𣿡
ԽĿ΢΢һ᣺ǵı
뱻ʵһӣԳԵӽǣ
Խ̾˿߾Ǵս£ɳͱĮĶڴɢĴӵ㣬ò¶ݶռôĽʿ
ˣǲ˵Щұˣֻ常Īֳ£Բҹ˹Ҫæֱܿڡ
ϲ˻棿£񸾿ҪлĴˣ
๫ԩҹֶ˵ӳ͢շʵǵ治֪˵ңշʵҲǵ淸ʲôֻ
ԽĻָ̧ӣĪ˵Ѿ˵ˣԴ常ҲѾң˵Ī˽ֵܣʵܴ̿ԩ
ֻǴ²ð죬˵ΪԩģϾʯ֮Īһʯף水֮ĪҾն׶Ϊ
ɫһףǵµ˼ԩû취𣿡
ԽʣҹĽ֮ǹϵҲɣΪβ׽㣬Ҳ׽Īһˣֻ׽ĪȾʯˣ̸
ȥѧû࣡
֪ȥ±㽫׼޸ҹĽΪ檵˵ˣԽȻ򣺡ԣҹĽһʵΪó͢շ㣬Ƿˣ
ЦҲãܴһֵɣԸԳʹҾͷ
ԽĿ΢΢һøһ˫ӦҪ󣿡
ʵԸ棺Ϊ๫ԴӦҹĽ๫룬ͬһؾ๫ԺұΪ檡
Խֱۿ˼Эˣ룬ΪжңΪ᲻ϧĪȾͬҲżŸ벻㾹Ȼ
뿴˿һ֧ãýζεСصţ˵ǲǣ
Խһۣ֪ĪȾʹ㣬ΪҪҹĽȵǣ
룺˾֮ҪҪֵôԡ
Цвһ죺޹ֱһñУŮӺϰʮ꣬ȻҲҪմ֣պʷᣬδһηѻ
Խתͷһۣǻ֪ŮǽòˣĹ֮أһʷᣬǿɾˣ
һ֣Ŷ֪Ůкι֮Խϸϸ
룺ֶвҶòᣡ
û˵մϻʼұᣡ
ǰڳһɫ£ʱ磬ûξҼ๫ֻܸҹĽһˡ
⻰һڣĳеЦȥ


344 Ů

㵱Ըͬߣ
ҡͷ񸾵ȻԸ⣡๫ְﲻæҲˡ
ԽƬ̣תȥ
һ£תͷ˿Ͻڰ֡
ȥɣȥɣ˾ʢһ˯ڣɲУúЪȥඣ
볯һ񣺡иˣ
ǰԽ￴һȦͷüͷһ壬תԺȥ
뺰û£˯ľ
ڣԺ⣬ȴĳվǰȺ
ϳ
ֻùȥµĽŵԽᣬԸһڳߡ
˵ݳ뿪Īǰ
ƿͷһۣ̫δ߸ոտһϸ죬΢ƿڰȴ䡣
ͬ˵ʲô
ԽûڣǽСϵů¯Ӵ򿪣˲ͷҪϨ̼Ȼͷ˼˿̼ȥֱ̼ȼŲŸǽӣů¯˿޲˰뻳
䣬̫ܺ
û뵽æ쾹ȻǸԼŪů¯ЩΡ
лѣȻȥٶഩ㡣
ԽתͬĪȾˣ
룺صɣ
ĳ΢ƴǣԱ˵ص㡣
룺µ׺⣿
ԽֲӣҾĪȾһȫȻ޼ƿʩ
ѾԤеʲôɶ
Ҽ޸㣬ǻˣʵҴӦҹĽΪҲֻȨ֮ƣұŵ˾ȥ°æֻҪ๫ȥ±ӻóѣ
ԽһУĵײ˼֣ѵãȻû˻б
ϽάǵȻ¿ĿɽϾǷҺ๫ľ֮زǣǺǺǺǣ
ԽҪ㱨ã㲻ҲɣڱĪȾ㣬Ǳ֮Ķ飬Ҿһ׼ýɣŮ١
룺ɶ
Խ鲻ظһ飺ҵŮ٣澣Ҳ檣֪㲻򵥣ԷΪŮ٣ս±ߣ¸ҽ½ҲǺõġ
룺үģǽһǧһҹŮأ
ҿԴ๫һ𣿻ҶӣҹšСãС塭
Խһۣ벻ҰæĪȾˣ
룺ввҲӦ
ԽѾòΪλӦ
뽫ϱŵů¯һ٣һŮ٣ǲ˶ˣǿѣ
ĳĿɨؿڣһ£С
Ͻů¯˻ȥ˵ֻҪǿҺ๫ֿĶ˵
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룺
ҺҹĽһ𣬵ֻΣ
ԽʱΣѡѡң㲻ˣ㿴ҹĽ᲻˵㻰Ҷ˽⣬ԲǸԼ֮ˡ
볤̾˿Ҳһ֪ͼ֮ˣҲҺ๫ˣǾɣⱲӲֿ
Խü㡭˼ǲܣĪȾ㵱ˣһȥ
ϵͷˣ˵㽫ů¯һţ⺰һͣҪ³
Խһ׽ס󣺡Ҫȥģ
ŤŤ󣺡ȥģʱ磬ҹĽԼ˳ʱڳſڼǿңҪ๫֣ûʱЭ̲ƽԼ
ĳüͷ壺вң
Цʲôв£ֻʵʵ˵ѣҽ첻Ӧеصز飬ҲֻԼΪȥһˣҹĽ÷๫ãǵɱ๫ҶȻ
Խݵ׺ݳ˼£룬ݣ
ĳŮʼ򣺡ǲ·ôͳҺˣ
ԽĪ
벻ɿ֡
ĪȾ㣬֮
ϰڳһĸм
лΪ񸾺๫ԩȻΪ˾£񸾶Ŀ屡죬֪ͼӡʵ־壡
Խϲƨ
˲תΪɫ֪´ΪҼ๫
ĳüӭ͸복еĳؿǰһ
ʱ˵ҪĪȾѵ˵ģ
룺


345 ӣ

ðɣ˵ǵ´ξҼ๫
ԽĪغһۡ
ʱ֪ˣЩƣ룬һ
빷ʮؽů¯˼ң峿үǱů¯аɣ
ձϵ۾ſΣڳһͷĳŮ
ɷ񵱳ǹģ
ؿȻʵǲүϾ๫үһҪ壡
ԽЦҪսǿϣ㵣ģ
ػصµ²ż汸Ӣ䣬սԶ໤սоһŵ±ȻƵо쿪ʤһǰǰ;
ŮᵣӦսЩ֮ǲŽͷʶأ
ôһĲʺƨѵĳȻûۣ˼ص˵ͷ
ĪҲǸǣ²ż汸ǲ˵ҲȻˣ˵Ҿᷴ۰ɣϾĿǸ̵Ĵ
㵣Ҫ·ĸо
´Ժ⣿
Խֱ۾˼ҲӣҲŸҷ־ûУ¸ʽ
ǳ˳飬ղ˵ЩܸоеıζһҲû֨ûش˷ڲˣ
ܿصĪ˳תͷһĳ
ھͬһȥӪˣȥ
ԽĲɵӦһȲԷпͷҵ˯Ӿһ·ûմ壬ҹһû˯ʵЩŲס
룺
ͬҹĽԼ˳ʱǡ
ĳӦһţ֪
ƵؿǸҪ˯ȥģֻ÷ԸС˴ȥǰԺĿͷЪϢ
صԺʱѾˣںεүүһȭԱСҩ¨Ҫȥ
һȥף׺үү˵үүˣүү˵Ǻã
үүһүүһǿԽĸүүòã
СԿĵ֣ãףɲٶҪһ壿
˳Ŀ⿴СУ̲סһЦÿ𲻴Ӧ
ȥܵСǰ
壬ͬѧǸһ־ܰΪιȥĹ򣡲Ȼҳͷ䣬ᶳġ
Ϊߣʱ򱾸ʵʵߣΪԼΪһֱůһﾹȻûжߣʱҪųţȻ󱻶ýסȷʵ˺
СĻҲЦɣʯʦôˣ
գգ۾ʯʦ֣
ʯͷ塣
Ȼ򣺡ʯͷҲ尡
СͷպҭZ壬ͬѧϰҩ˵ֻҪﲻߣԽ㡣
۾һ˵ֱ
̫̫Z壬үүǶĪҪˣһɣ׻ööóԵĶǲ߾ͿһŶ
Сɾϲ֣¼˵˲ٵСˣϧȴݵλͬС˶׽
Ψһúõʯͷֲڣÿֻܺһ棬־λʵȤϰԼ࣬ҲԼ涼׷СӸоƣ
׺ͷ֮ɸ˲ȤСһһֱ׽ĳͷ͵Ϊ֣پǹ۲СʩħԺĻŪΣ
ԣʵͶŨȤ˸үү˸壬ɰֻˣ±λZ壬Ҫ˼ҽôһ־ͰΪŪΣ
˿̲֪ӸԼ˸ţƵĺʦZǵҽΨһӣ
ĪҪûأѧʱѧûҪȥ𣿡
Ск˹ĵسʩһ񣺡лɩ⣬ͦɰģ⣬ҿԴһȥɽвҩ
Щ棺Ѿˣ֪*Ҫȥɺҩݣ
Сٶȹ֣ȥЩѰҩģֻȡҲ޷
뿴ͬһȥ𣿡
ͷţ
Ǳĳ׺ͷ˹Ҳյ˸ǰЦп룬һֻ
ŮϷҪϽǺ«ԣ
⣺ɵԵȣȥӡ
СиϽֹɩȵȣǧĪҪʦӣǸǮҪˣ


346 

룺
ĳͷͽ˻£۴У
ͽʦʱܹ׻˵úã鲻·ʦֻ̬ܴ󳹴ѧҲһҪܸһ
С治ɫظͣǻóζʦĶٴһȦܸһ¥ɣͽɲ㵽ˣʦѣ°æǣ
Ϊͬͷɵɣţҽ˸Ǻ«ȥԶٶɣԵҲ˵һ˸
ܳԵԵĶԸǮ԰Ǯպʱٻɺã
ĳͷתһϼƣȻ㣬ǻعͷΪѵشӦ
ǺðɣϷ㿴ڹŮϣҴӦˡɵ˵ãӲ٣
вӦĵ
ǵȻ֪ɵǺ«ʲô
׺ͷʼ߶ǣѩ֣ԧлϲ⣬̶ء
ͷ꣬ͷˣúúãţͽȫ
粻ʣֱӽس򵽵Сȫˡ
뽫ԺæʱѾ磬ȴǱжֻӲͷƤǰԺͷߡ
ſڣ
׹ֹǵ»ЪϢֻʱš
ЦѾó׼ˣֻȥš
ػػ·ŷԸˣ˯֮ǰ÷׹ﻹүȥŰɡ
żջȻԽǹðѣ֪Ӧʲô޳
ݣܲӲͷ֣˯ĿǸˣ
Щ˾ȻĳƺĪ˱˰׹ֱҪ̫
Խֻȥš
ǰûƼˣС˲֪ȥԺЪϢתԺȻɽǱߵĿͷǰ
λ磬űˣүҪţ
û˵ͷ㴫
׹ƺȾЩ纮㲻ȥˣ͹ɡ
ϽӦǣүΪиƣ
ֵǵǲأ˸㣬Խ˸ë۳һһգһΪʥϷǣΪҪսҪܲٵĿ࣡
û뵽Խǰ۾Ȼ˺ֻ֢ܳޣǹʵҴ֮
Ц˼ǣǣ˵Щɲð׹䣬и󣡡
죺ү̸һҴСչôãֻܷԸǣ
ҲٿԽۿҪսҲδôȡů̣׹æϼ˫ȣֻڴ˼塢ߡգٸ¾͸ˣ
ǳ˳飺º˵񸾻ڽƳүɻԵķԸ
Ӧˬ죬Ϊ
ãǱˣûԵ£ȥæɡ
ŷŸ˸񸾱иˡ
ȻԸ·ΪɵϺԽǣߣ
NNDæö֮סȻž˳⣬ֱҹĽһҪ
Ĺĵ߻ǰԺȻſڣͷ㶯ҲûС
ʱۿҪʱˣԽûϢ벻ټȥϷԸС׼
ٳǰͷ⣬ſͷһ
λ֪֮£һȥſڵɵýе¿ЩȥȻӦ°ߣ
Ͻ񣺡׹ģһתﵽ
ԾûжֻӲͷƤųŷȥ
ʱҹĽĳѾ˳ſڣͷʹؿǱ߼ݻԪ߶ϣλսһų滶ϲسЦ
ãˣɾ磬ûԱ㼱ųǣѾһʱ䣬ôԼݳͬҲһ·˵˵强
˫ûֻһ䣺ˣԼݳҾڣͦã
ԪֺǺЦȻϲǽ㲻ǿˣ֣ø¯ȥģؾ·ɲĪҪţҵĺƤ멣Ҳøϡ
뿴ǳ̬̲סЦԪ˾ֺɶΪպҪ׼
Ϊʱ䣬Сֵؽ


347 Сʹ

ѽǺãĻңʰȻûװϣҪ㡢ٵһˣȥã
ҪͷԪſڣҪãҲô֮˱˰գѣϲļ㴩
ʱ磬ɾҪȼˣ㻹ǿȥͬкǸϽ·ɡ
ڳһĵ⻰˵ģҿɲϰߴ˴ѣһʲôëȾҵö൹ùѽ˵ǲǣ
ԪɫȻһ䣬ﱾͺް޵ҪӲŲûּӿڣ÷ģЩ¶ģδ
ǺЦ˭֪Ǽ٣һȥԼѰɡ
˵ߵתͷǰͷϴҹĽ
ػȥȵٳǣҪôҸǣϽ·
һתֵ˲ƴ֣ǿǸãֻǾֻ²ãһû˰׸ʽ񡣡
ҹĽͷƿߣǰ㷽ͬ㸸׶Աãֺα⣿
Ŵ˫۲ͬػصΪòףΪһǻТģҲűøָô˵أ˿Т
ձûذ׸ҵʽݱųɣοҪļޣܲ˽ýƸҲ˵ѲƲҵһ̼֣δɴ˶ϰݹҹߣҲ̫˰ɣ
ҹĽ죺룬ͿҪļҵķϣұͬһȥݱһ£ĪҪĥˣʲô۶
˾ȻŰ˹ĳŮϽ֡
򣬾ͲһȥˣԼȥݱһ±ɣ
ҹĽؽӿڣҪɴ֪ҵĻ£Եͬȥÿݳ
飬ò˳ᡣ
Ǳ߰Ԫϸһ䣺ɾҪһȥ
ҹĽ䵭ػһȥŰɡ
һ֣ƥСڷء
гһξҹĽͳ뿪ˣڹʱ䣿ĥҲĪģʹϽ·˾ұ˷
ڳںǺǸЦ뿪Σ֪û˿ϰңôвȣ
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뷭˸ۣﲻ㣬˭Ҳ
ҹĽջ˿ҪΪ˵Ļڣ
ûûǰΪɥ
ػҹĽأԴܣļҲ֪ԽҪ˯ʲôʱüƿֱ߲̯ӣһ
ͣ㲻û緹ȥСԣ
ҹĽոס֣һأҵʳӡ
ֵҲûأǱߵ¿գ
ĳؽͣ£ţȥ򡣡˵ŲԶһյС̯ȥ
̯λǰ˲٣뱾ŶӵʱĥһĥҹĽŶӣ˽ǰֱӽ˶һȥʮֱӳ̯¿ա
Χյϰռһƶˣȴûұʾ˺ֻܿڵ¿ջϳ롣
԰ɡ
ӹգתְͷ쵽棺Ǳߺģϲˣ˵ô䣬һůůͶȻ
ҹĽķ˿һС̯ȺΧˮйֻ̯ͨܿλϷð
ȲУ
̾ǺȰ
ҹĽԥһ£³ȥǱߵ̯λ˹ȥ
λݸ߹Сүüȵÿȸһ룡
ΧԽΧǸ̯λû˴
ҹĽͷֻһһΧǰ࿪յ̯λǰһһڴ͹ըǸ⣬ġ
뿴ĳпֶ飬Сһ²⣺Ϊû򣿡
ҹĽôû˵Сʹûػصġ
죺ʲôģ
ĳӻǸ⡣
ӣŵζȻģԼȥҡ
ҹĽüֲôöѵǳԲɣ
ĳŮ죺ŵζҲͰˣŵ˱ʮԣԲⲻ治ͽȥԼȥɡ
ҹĽҧһ仰͸ʵڳţҲȥ
תصȺϸеζҵС̯߹ȥͼȺɢˣ̯ʰ̯ӡ
ҹĽǰһ롣
̯ЦǺǻػλү˼ˣѾˡ
ҹĽ


348 ˲

һ㶼ʣ𣿡
̯ǸЦЦɲǣһ䣬һﶼ㲻ˡ
үǵҲǺȲǰͷϲûͷҲеֻЩѡ
ҹĽͷһķһɱϲȥ
˷ׯСӭ˳үλ
ҹĽ
СҡͷЦûˣүҪҪһ룿
ҹĽͷһ룬⣬Щ
С߳һգүԵȣһ⣡
ŲĴֻοĳݿЩǰϧȴʼղֱҹĽһ˳ڵϡ
Ͻԣʱˡ
̣ؿһҲ
ҹĽֻͷµûţôΪһŮܹȣȻģ
ûˣԱԣԱ㵹
롰ŶһֱӶ˳ųһ˳ȥ
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ͣҲûָӦֲĪȾ㣬ߣϵժҧһڡ
ҹĽĥĥס³°ǿȺǸǰҪ˵һǸ⣬ͼȺ¶ɢֿ̯ʼʰ̯λ
λӣƷ󽫾ʵͷ̣йɳ嶯ǰ͹ˣ
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ҹĽߣ
Ҫҿң
뾪ص㿴ѽҾжģβֻҪ̯ٶЩʱ䣬̯Ȼһģǲ𣿡
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棺һΪͦء
ҹĽǿѹһ߳ن£ɱĪȾ㣬ҿٺã˹Ƿܼ㻶ģ
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Ҳɴؽ˻ȥԼԾԼԣûһ˳Եأ
˲̬ȣҹĽʵҪŻѪĳ嶯
룬ȰĪҪսҵԣڵʱ򣡡
ĳŮٺһ֣¡£ǺڱҼΪ檣ãϽҺ๫ɡ
ҹĽĿطŻ룡ֻɱ
ͻȻ̧סӣӴɣͣ
ҹĽıһ˴ף
ĳŮؽУǴףѲɽ˶ó³ȥ𣿿ͣͣ
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˼ĵطŻذ׸ɡ
УˣطϤйõéޣͣ
ͣĳŮ⣬Ŷӱܡ
ͷҹĽȺĺܻһɫŮΪξֱɣѲΪ´ˣȾһĶϰ
ûһ˺ͬǽ˿Ծͣڽֱߵǽ
ָͷϵ˻ûã۵޷ǽŶ붼
Խû֣ǽ˯Ϊɣ˰ɣ
ǽ˰죬϶ÿʼˣûĳݳ֣ҹĽԵȲˣźͬڼ˹
֪ٶ㣬ֻӭȥ
£ˣ
ҹĽ״ӣмغһ
ĥ䣬Ͻϳ
ǷģҹĽʵӲסû֣ĳŮ⡣
ûͣһ·˰׸ҶҹĽȥæ˴ŷڣּҴȥͨ
û뵽ҹĽȻԺæӭ˳ȥպÿ³
⡭СүΪִˣ
ҹĽΪܵع֣Ҫݱ𣬻˵ҪҹΪ檡
ԶʱϲЦտӦúúãѽֻܼޣŻ¾˫޳ɣ
ϰ㶼飺ݶǽ˵ͬаֳ⣿ﲻϲ


349 Ҫױ

Ϻһ˵Ϊ̫ˣּĽŻؾûЩ񣡡
شԲ⣺̫ʧҲ˵ȥ
ĵؿҹĽһۣѾͷ֪ҵ
ɳɳɣȽ߲٣Ľǰһֱû˼ڣʵһСæ
ҹĽǿͷͷ̧ȥ
Ϊ֮Ҳҵɴˣкֻ˵ֻҪСϵĶȻ
ںͷ޳ŪؽӿڣҲ̫ļ˰ɣ°ֻûһƲأ㿪ʼСˣǰװص׸޼֣Ůױ𣿡
⻰һڰʱһСһҹĽһ࣬ƺ԰ҪױһΪȻƵòᡣ
⡭ױȻҪ׼ģⲻǵĻҲǲŸն𣿵û򡭡
˫һʮؿֵ
֪ҼʮΪޣͷ棿ԵĲҪҲգЩǱУŮܲܽҹ˳ЦᣬǶĿǵͰ׼ҵ
ȥʮ
ͷǰװ׸ûмʮмױŮļҹǿǸŴ󻧣ҪԵȫǾȨûǮưĻŮʵûףҪȻǲ˰ɣ
ֿ˿ҹĽԾɱһ̬üͷ΢壬仰Ҳû˵ΪҲһʡ
⡭ǵϸôЩױֻǵͷʵҪҲòʮǺã
ڳŵ񣺡ôܣǳڲǰɣ
µҹĽϽͣȻǣһǮȹ̴Ը͵ȥ
ϼ޻㲻Կǳټҽ⣡
üĳɣŮ˾ǾҪҹˣǮҲûУܾżҪȻɣŮȲˣʲôʱ׼ˣһȥ
زջҹĽҲܴӦ
ɴ˵ΪѣǴղ㼸ʮôЩҲɣܹ˼˼ʱһЩСպҲеԣ
Ϊ۵̽ʣҪȸһļױ˼˼ٽĸȫΪ޸ϣֻһһС󡭡
һ˼˵¶Ҳ̫˰ɣҲո
˻˿ҹĽǲݷһ
Ǿɣкֻ˵Сصľ
Ŵԣɫкת
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ҹĽüͷ΢壺ûôð죬Ѿ߾սǱ߻Ҫͨһ¹ϵСᾡģȸ׼ױɣʱ磬Ҫг̡οҪͨϵҲһؾǮˣ˻ԽԽã
Ϊ˾ȶӻвϵĵ
úúãʷ֧Ǯȥ˵һʰԵƬ̡
ۿλŹȣһⱻתͷҹĽ
ȿɵ˵ãױȫԸģĪҪΪҵҪǮҾͻὫӸ㣡Ϊ˺ҲűľҺҲȴҪΪһм𣿡
ҹĽкãպҹҪ⣿
ȻãȵҹܳҶãǮʵݣǮʹĥûһ§ӹôôҲҵңҿɲͰ͵ӣĸ³
ҹĽ㡭δű㿪ʼıʧ裿ǶûģǶԼûģ
ӿڣûģ
ҹĽããԭҲûҪ׼ʼױȫģˣ
һлˣһԣ׷
Ǻ˿ͷһŽƱһʱ˵ǰӹȽƱ㴧˻Ȼִӣһ߿ͷĽ鱦һ
ⶼʲô־ֳ󣬿žͲֵǮĸֻЩðɣҼǵһϺõţôûͷ
һ˫壬ҴСϲýôҲûЩ˶ϡĶŪҹأֻôЩãȻᱻ˼ӱЦ
Ѫǰ׼ҵĴ֮ĸҪӵġ
뽫һƣˣûҪҹһ£ŮҲգЩûȥɣ
ҹĽֱĿʵؿ


350 ý

ֻЭ⣬壬㣡Ҫô
룺Ǿٰ͸ЩҲһҰɣϸöױ˵ҲֵʲôǮ
ûʨӴ󿪿ڣɿãǾͶ㣬ȥá
λֶһһȦ̵ֻͨǶ֬嶼ȡ˹һֻСС̴ľϻӣһ˰롣
뿴壬̴ֻֽľϻ򿪣ͷȻΣȫģҲˣմΣ͵һᡣ
ǿѹǹɱʹϻӺϣǿؿڡ
ɣŮҲ֪Ůڶ࣬ܽŮöأǿǿðЩױΪ˲׼ҵ棬Ůֻʵҵģлˣ
һѽһ£
Ѿͷ⻹㣿ĸŮļױ񣿣
һ޹Ů˵ˣ㵱ҵˡ
㱳ȥ
úúãҲͬƽЩұѾͷˣƢҲ֪˭Ҫൣ
ҹĽһҾ˷ģ֪ƢԣûԵ̻ؾˡ
Ȯӵ»ģ
ҹĽͷȻСˣ
һֱôӣȴһϵļ§סЩĸҲ֣ҹĽ̫Ѩֱͻͻȥֻͬȫ
ֻСıɡ
벻˵ϻӱ˻Ű΢΢һ
Ů֪²ˣϿɵñأ֮ᱣģ
ǿһŴЦȴ֮ʱ˲*ǿҵǡԴ
ᱣأҲĪҪٺ֣ҹɵعأĪҪǰ׼Ҷۣ뱧ױϻͷҲûص͵ˣɣȽŲãˤţŮɲТ֮
ĿҹĽбз磡
ֱ˻Ѿ˸ţλŴҧʹ
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ʵضҹĽһĪҪϻӽҶӣҲΪ׸ЩƲ
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ҹĽʿܹʱüʣ˺£Ȼ˻ţ
ʿϳֹ˴̧ͷɿػر
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ڳһϲ˿˯ˣ
ҹĽһ˼ת򣬺ʿһӪȥ
ԽҲʮֵģϾ˵ʯշץ֮ȻͲԽ᲻ˣ
ݵȴܲӭοûڳĺ˵Խô˽
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ҹĽֵǰ˵İɣ
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˾ӪСһӣֱӪĴǰͣ£뿴ͻȻͷǸȻҲƵվ⡣
ҹĽûֱҴҳȥ뽫еױϻ£ںͷصľصء


351 

һԽվһƬɳǰüؿǰɳϵĸСġ
ҹĽϥ˴񣺡ĩ֪ǰӼ٣ʵ
ԽͷҲûصس֣񣬹ƣСһƬ֮أξܽҴסôʱ䣬Ȼռ˴ǳأ
ҹĽϽǰ˿ɳ̣ɫصػظ
ӦսʱЩı㣬Զ֮ҴʿսȴмЩı˷ʤŻԿܴ죡
Խ̧һۣ벻װ߾ǰңԶĽʿȴ˹עս֣ɳݶ㵽λʵѵã
ע⵽⻰һڣҹĽɫ΢΢һ䣬ָֺܿ
ΪʿԵʱǹ񣬺ο֮ˡ
ԽǺһЦǺ£ֵüҴʿ㣬ʱ㲻˿ˣ
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ԽĸȤػصŶĽ˼ͬһҹүǲͬɣҹΨһѪ
ĵЦԽ⻰ʵˣҹĽôս⣬ǰ˵Ư
ǱҹĽȻüͷ΢壬ڳһΪѵı顣
ҸǲԸԶߣҲãĩΪʿһֱܱº񰮣սɱУʵķš
Խѻ˵ϣĽսɱ֮⣿˵˵
ʣҹĽȻԸɲȥʾźͲԼҸ̨ԲƫƫԽػʳ⣬˵ǵ棬ֻҳѣ
ĩȻ˵Ļ
ԽһģãҴҪĽѪжЩ֮ŹڳйϳսΪʽǣΪǳͷŽдһٵóѣЩСŴ
ҴǶЩĽжγһС
ĽǱ˵ˣ˷һҲһչ
ҹĽ¿ǰʯͷԼĽţģ˵ЩƯ˭ԽȻ棿
ҹүڻϼλ͸ոʱ֮ͣʮӣһֱҹĽӰӡ
ʵҲĬҹĽ佫ٷƷȴսðΣգֻǸ𱣻ʼҰȫ
ԽҹĽûɻʵѵ㲢ͬһ
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Խƣò˵ʵ̫ˣ
ԭΪҹĽǸձɵСˣ벻
ҹĽҲǲ̫ðɣѰҲˣܱ֤ǲǰͶУǸҪ£
ԽǺһЦضǣóƩ£Ϊյ֮ҴĴýʿȥЩ˷ѱ
һ򲽽ҲмСȻǸǴĻᣬԼҲ£ѵͲΪԼļ˿𣿡
ҹĽȫ޷ȻգȴҲֻܹӦǡ
ȴܾˣս˭֪ô֮һ๫Ҫ
ǰ£๫ԩģܽѰһԴ
Խתͷԩ֮УҷѾǰȥʹʯ׿ڳʯ֮
ʯһԩ飬ԩ֮ǰʯҳӣĪȾĪҶϵ˵Сʶ˲壬Ѳ˵˱ͬıѹ
룬Ǵ˿Ǵ֮ʣĻҲУӦҲǣ
ɫصһ
ΪʲôͲֻС˵ʯͷʯ֮󣬵ΪӲκ캦֮£๫ʶ˲壬Ѳʲô
Խһ


352 

ֻѰգûκˣͬҪ汾һȥɱУ룬ǵ治ĪȾǾҪن£
ΨһԸʯĻǴ˾ⷬ飬ʤ֮ʱȻǹǾ飬ҲҪֱ˽
ĵʵڰˣ˲֣ͬҹĽί߽ƭ
๫ʯͷˣҪսҲððɣֻʱ䣬ʱų
ԽתҹĽȭһҾʵҹĽһ
Ҫɷĩˣ
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ҹĽҪŻˣòײŽŪ֣ȴܴɣСȢˣҪðճҪְжŵֱɷҲ
ǵ£ĪȾʯ˶ĩʵڵģǷѽ֮׽ء
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ҹĽһαҭ޻˵ʵԽ£
Ҳúܣǰ룬дһʵԤϵ˵ΪЧҲԼķʽʹԼͷ
Ͼܻϳ谮֮⣬ıĻ롣
ֻʱ˲ãȻײǰ
ҲûֻȰĪȾȳ˻Ī֮Ӧߣ
Խͷʿܿ㽫ĪȾʯͷ˳ֻʵУҪˣʿҲҵú̧С
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˾ȻûԽҲûʾл˼
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Ȼؿ˵֮ǰӦҵȫƭҵİɣòͼƻҪɱǰɣ
ҹĽĶ˼𴩣ջü˵ô
ңûߣȻĵѺ黹ң
ҹĽ۽һ飬ĿҪغ顣
ѾͻؾˣҪպʤȥðɡ
Ų£ɵΪ
Խ䵭ؿһۣԱĪֵ˲Ҫ£պԲȬҲҪһġ
ֵҹĽȻ֮Э޷ɣƾʲôѺ黹ңãҲգĪҪΪֽҺ๫ͻֿǷԾǷޣ
ҹĽƣߵһղϣĪȾ㲻Ƿޡ
ЦýƸ½һףǮ
˵꿴ҲûҹĽѿתԽ
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ԽһĪȾ㣬ֻ˵գص۾
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ʿǰ̧ߣ漴ϣֻԽҹĽվ˼졣
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ĪȾʯͷڣʹ̣Ծû
뵣˵ƣһ·ͣرҹһűԸСˡ
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ĪȾڳڻӣΪҪغԺ
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353 ĳ

С˸̧ĪȾʯͷڻڣ˱˻ǰæʯͷȸ̧ᵽԼķУȻֽĪȾ㱳Ժ͡
С˱ǼֻĺӸţһСǽӹϽȥС
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Īֻˣҵǿ԰æһ
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ÿĹ벻ϻд˵ȸˣ
Цֻ͵ģлλ磬ǻðæ๫̧С
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ĪȾŶӰοû£ĪҪС֡
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ĪȾǹֻ񣺡Ƿ޶˶лү
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ʯͷɽôЩ꣬ΣԾҪ
ϸǻᣬΪһԡ
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⻰ĪȾ㾹Ȼ鲻Цһڰ
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һۣԭΪٻ֪ͼĳһӻˮȻһҪʯͷսһ飿ֱΣ
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һСڽϵЬһ߹ϻصΪοϣֻ㣬ôҶģ
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Ȧһ죬ߵسȥ
ôǲҵĻأһһ֮кβã
ĪȾҡͷΪһʯͷ߶߶˵ĶǲΪԩźⶫ˵ţȴӰһӵϲŭ֣ΪӸΪôһĪӲѰһӵп֡
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ˣȻԸüһ
ųһ˶أùһԸȥǣˣӺĪһӶȶա
ܹȥܺһǲΡ


354 Ʋ

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ϾͷѪѾɺסˣû취ĽŽ¡
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ĪȾҡͷۣĪҪģЩΪΪĹôҲûиΪøص̷ֻЩƤˣʯͷ˵üأ
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˵⴫һǮϺĪϺŶӶϱһȺ˴Ҵҽӡ
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۳һ˶˵ǰֻȱ졣
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Ǯ϶ֿݳһѪˮ˫š
ҵĶ˶ѽ
ĪϺҲֲ̧᣺¿ѾϴˢԩⷬǲǱûˣ
ſڣû£๫ֻǱʻˣ˵ҪսҲȥ
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ʵʯͷһΪԼҪ˻Ҫ
ԶȥսɣӶȻΪһӱԼŻģ
Ǯʹ飬϶ɺɾȻȫվ˳
Ҿô˵еǲĴһˣҲһȥ
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ǾĪҪˣ˵ǺõģսǿɲǿЦɺڻЩ书ʲôư
οһҵȫȥսһȺŮӾͲ±۸𣿣
ϱźӸͣɩ˵öԣ
ϲȵҲͷĪҪˣǸϽ翴˰ɡ
˵űͷС˼ˣˣˣ
Ͻӭȥýҡ
๫ƣ̳ģǷκã
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пһۣϷΪˣϷηҲð²ȷⳤãǳˣҲ۵ǲܾʱ߶


355 ҽ֮

һԽԽż
Уûиõİ취𣿻ЩԿ˿ϵҩǮɣ
⻰εЦ⵱治Ǯ⣬Ϸҽ꣬Ҳḻ̵ʵ޷ڶڻָ糣
û˵꣬ͷ㴫һò
Īɩ¿ɷĪһƣпķӡ
СУĪһԸϽ
벻ȷؿпһķ𣿡
С΢ЦصĪһĪֵ˵
õǰ쿴Ƿзӣ
Сȴȳλḻй˹֡
ZУǰǰŪĪҪ֣
ȷʵĻΪ죬ɵ֮ȴɫ͵һ䣡
Сֵҽôˣ
Īͬ붼һ㶣
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Сǫع֣ҽ游ֻϧµҽ游һ
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СͷţףҪѧҺͭZһɽһֻӣZֻһ֣ǱӾ͵ڵϲˣƤϱĶ
룺
˱˰뵱ϻʱΪ˶Ըһֻϻ˶Ĺ򡭡
ӣôڱӶƤϱģӦð˿Ǯ
ȻǭZ˵ҽģҪرֵ
룺Z˵öԣֻǿ㡣ֵܣ죬Ī˱иˣ
Сͷ￼֡
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ZһΪѵؿ˿Уֿ˿롣
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Zй֣үʵڱǸ游̣Բͽ
ZΪѣȥе֡
˼ֵףҲΪǲǣҽ֮ͽοϵҽѾǱһúˣֺαطǵٰΪʦ
ҡͷС֪ҽҽǿǳ뻯ŵ˵˼ҽ֮ʵҵȴҽ֮Ϊ̾ܳң
ҵָһϷҽҲȻٸһЩƩϴҸ๫ǽˣҽڣǾķ֮
΢ˣҲ˵ҽǸ֣һǸö֣
ףףүӣֵֻµ治ܴӦҲ֪ϾҪսսϵ˭ϵ׼û׼һʮ꣬Ҫյǰã
ɣĪҪ˵ݲʦֻԼãֵܵʤټʱָ̣һɺã
ЩģɿZΪѵЦݣҲֻôӦ
ǺãϷСֵܻСֵܻ֮ǰϷ뿪ذ벽
߰аźˣϽСȥ˿ˡ
бѧϰѧϰɴԱ߿˰죬ҲֻǼZȡһЩɵĪȾ˴ڣֹѪһЩ͸ҩ࣬ûĲ衣
𣿡
˵Щߵȷ֮õҪ࣬⴦˿ڵķȴͬû
ZеͷѾˣðžͳɣܽ裬µ߶ڵһӲӦÿ䣬ʱߣµȬ
Ϊλ죿
ZЦҩϣҩ游ƣЧ
̾Ȼҽ
Īһ˵ĪȾڿԽεò࣬ȫ˿
ǸϽȡЩӣأԸ̾˳ȥС˼ͻҽݣȻŻط
ûˣϽ˵Լļƻ
ģղ̣Щ£ϱشȥѾɸ๫ϵû֮ǰȥһٳǣæѾˡ
Ȼ๫ʯͷƺøֵ֣࣬ȫһֵĹƽһߣ
ʱҸԴ̫ƽӡ


356 ʲôʺˣ

Ī븽ͣã
ĪȾַ̧
ӣǵ治ˣΪڿɺø࣬Ǿ͸ˣοֵҺʯͷһӾΪȻκ⣡
죡
ҲʵΣһȺСڲ࣬ж֮Ҳģ
ZйֻصĪɩģڣ֮Ҳµġ
룺ţģҽ֮˲𰡣
ĪȾֵ̹Ϊ֮Ĳޣ밵ҵȣΪҲǲµģ
룺ӣΪ㿴˼֯ܿ͸ˣ
ǮϺϱվߣǻͬ뷨
ǱĪϺһ£վ˶ߣҾô˵ûΪ˺ǵĽǲܿضա
Ǻ˺Ů޷Эսչ
ڴ۵С˰֮뿴һ¶Сӡ
룺˵ͬĻͬ׵Ļ
ʵһػصȻ׵Ļ
Ҫֵ֣ҲĻ
룺
ĪȾ˫ͶӣΪ򿴻ɣǳǩ
˶ûǺӣֻװһֻĪȾ㣬һֻԼ
ûǩó飬ҡӰɣ˭ĵͰ˭˵
ߺߣⶫĸ֣ͲӮĳУ
ĪȾͷţΪȫӵġ
뵱ȿʼҡӣҡһţʾĳҡ
ĪȾҲù룬һְסӿʼҡֻҡû±ŵϣֱӱ㽫ƿˡ
뾪ȵؿֻ㳯ϵӣʲôʺˣ
ƿֻ룬Ҳ㡣
һ
һδζ
ҡ˰죬£˫۽ĳҡӡ
һǣֶ㣡
ŵؿˣǹҡģ
ĪȾҡͷΪ򲻻ҡҡ
룺զأ

ҡܴδҡ㣬һֿǹȥڰ׼ҴС浽ģ
еңҡøã¸ʱе㲻ȷ򿪸ӹȻֻ㣬ջؿĪȾ㡣쿪
ĳиϽҡ˼££Ȼ򿪡
뿴ͷǿ㳯ϣʵǻ
Ӳճ˰ɣ˵űһǿйµµһתһ㡣
ĪȾֱֱôճϣӣΪӮˡ
һָ̧סıӣƭң㱣֤
ĳҡͷûǲţΪԷģΪСûⶫаԣΪ򡭡
һס죺ˣ㰮սȥɣ˵ЩĻ
ĪȾסС֣ĪҪΪ֤ƽƽػΪûͬŮأǲľ
ջһۣޣҪˣ˭Ů
ԱһȺˣ
յߣףҪСãҪСܵܣСãСܵܡԲԣСãСܵܣ
ĳôΪͬӷģȻŬССԸ
Ǻݳ飬ϱȣޣүұ죡
ôຢӻССԸ֪ڹŹǰתȦܶķ
ǮѹЦоһʵڲٴ˼Сڵദʱ䣬ͷߡ
Ⱥˣʯͷȥ
ZȴߣӲͷƤһٸĪˡ
õһȥãƣԴҹҲˣ
˶һۣһΣһЦȴװһ
Īɩģ¶Ȼϸ
ǰԺʦǱ߳һ칷㵽ֳһ칷û֮
Ī߻죬׼ҿɾ͸˼ˣ
Ԫʿǰȥͨ˵ҹĽܻؾˣܻؾҪһλСʱһңԭίֵ֪ĪȾѾŻ˼ңҲҹԪ
һǰ
λСҴҷذ׼ңҹĽûظͬĸϸ˵һ״үҲ
ɶ񰡿ɶĽò׽Ѿͷס벻ðѵҪҰ׼ң
׷Ҳüͷ壺ǸѾͷ˶鷳£
Ԫ޵Ҳ˵Ľǳ浣и̣ҿô찡
⻰ð׷˺Ͱ״ү͵ѹӶһۣûôջˡ
׷˷ֱ޵Ů˫һĨ쳣˷ܡ
Ԫ㰡δòá


357 ı

ԪЩԹˣѵ˵ã
׷˸ϸ
ĽҪڸУӻõЩ꾫ܳ
ĸЩСӻǸҪ󣡺βͳô˻ᣬúʰʰǡ
Ԫඥ˸ͬ˷ܿ
⵹治ʧΪһûᣡ˶˵ֻĽǸˣļɲ򵥰Ůδö
״үü˼˵ѰѰ죬˵ðʵҲ򵥣Ľڸϣλضʱңͳ֮·ϰˣ
ԪҲһĨɫҧŮһͬԣҲҪĺֻǡ±ȻҪˣͷԣǲ£
״үһǮ¶ʱЩͷʹϻ
˵òҪʮǴպ˾ǺͨؽãȫĽǸ常ȥˣҲûǮ
Ԫ㼱ǿǺãĽڣҶԻؾĻٲҪ㣬ô࣬ûǮôأȥʶҪһЩɣˣЩĺѱסλѽ
׷˹ڣү룬˵زˣԪֻ豣סĴ֮λǼһûӹͬ϶˵˵Ǯó
Ԫһ˼ȻҹĽսҹٷ˵λˡ
Ԫɫ䣬׷벻ֳ֣ͨϸı
ɵѾͷȫΪ룬Ϊǰ׼룬룬Ľǲˣ㲻ԵŮƾĳ谮ﵽͷȥ
УǴȥսʵٺòһҲطǵýǸСĶƤˣ
ҹȰЩʰȻ򼸸ҹУӣĸؼ̥
һպºӣĽƽҲٱ֮زǱãպĶӱҹΨһļ̳ˡ
Ԫͷ󶯣ֲ
ؼ֮ĽԸŮͬŮƽ޹ʻѳأ
׷˺Ͱ״үһ㵣״үȻ̾
Ԫ㰡˵˲ã
Ԫίʮ㣺Ů಻ѣǰĸӻྴɼ޹ȥôЩҶûܻϣ˼檣ٲԸˣŮô취
ˣŮҲôСˣֵطĽΪ¸ˣôͬ
׷ҲͷޣֵүĪ˵Щûõģδû취ԲȥϾĽûߣ˵мղųԪ㻹лᡣ
״үɻ󣺡˼ǣ
׷һϼζʹҩģʹòѾͷǰȥ̺򣬽ڲ跹ʹЩֽţ˷ԣٽŮȥˮɣ
ºĽֻ֣轫ƵЩѾͷ˼ȥǣֱӽ˴ɱˣҲ˵Ԫ֮±Բ˵ˡ
״үͰԪҲûиõİ취ֻܰ׷˵¡
״үƤŰԺȥˡ
ҹĽҪҲˣλ绹ҪǮӶʱ˫Ϸ*ŵϡ
ǺԺӱңֱУλĸȥųɺѪһүתѡ
Ȱ״үٿڣȿﺬ˸ܲƵʡ
ӴιҿɲѽҪҵ
״үһεȰ⣺ܣҪ뿪һ㣬ˣǮܽ»𣿡
ݺ᣺ûǮˡ
״үЦܣɲ˵⻰һˣǴ㣬ֻҪֻҪ³֮󣬴籣֤һӶŷɻڴֶʱȫھıϹְ۰׼Ҳ֮𣡡
Ųأ
Ѿͷˣָɶ£˰ˣûǮҲͨˣڡڣһϹڸֵģ
磬ˣŹҰɣպһǵصұֻ밲ҵˣ˭𿴲ڲˣ
״үôȰģֻӲˣһ
õɣ񹦰ܴɣĽսһȥأǸһӽԪҹά֣Ҷ˶ã
׻˵Ϊǿ꣡ڹΪ˵ǮңҶҪ˲㵱һС𣿡



358 زūƲ

״үݣּ֪̾ĽĶ˲丸ڳȨƣֳҲ򵥣л뽭ߵüģǲȰˣǾ浹ùˣ
֮ڻûһңȫĽ常ٳأػдľɲҪ֮ıߣµֻҲʲôˣŮ֪ߵǺܿҪ취Ըǣ
ѽĪҪΪǮ³ˣϽԪȥѰֽŮֳͬһܰǰ
ѵʿˮֻԼ㵹ùûռλֳٷ⣬ҪһӵѪȫϣǲǮҪô£
簡磬ûǮѽǸѾͷһƭױѼֵǮĶҪˣҿҹĽµûҲҪа
״үŴҲһջ𣺡ѽҲĴһգӣؾ콫ǮճҪĴ°
ֻޣҾɣ磬Ҫҵˣñ֤һΣ
״үֻŪ֣֤ģһ׼һΣ³֮ٲĺô͵Űɣ֤ڡ
ûʱװõĵضα˰׼̳۵ңպԼȥׯһȺΧڰ׼ҵĲׯǰȥʣȻ˵ҪٵĴӣʵԾС
Ǽҿ˼ʮӰλö̲֣벻ǸزūȻûܼӣ
һתǮǼ۸ˣβ£ת־׬һʣֶΪ
ԼȺӣͷƹ
ƹģӵҪ
ƹδͷҲû̧ص˵ͷţү˵ǶȻҪ
ʣ֪ӣ
ƹ̧ͷһϴòҲǺܺãȤȱȱ˵üҪҲͣҲ𣬻ĪҪдˡ
˵ʲôǹۿ˵ѽǮ˵ô֪𣿡
ƹĴԼǱ˴ʵ̫࣬ĲͷҲֻͬ࣬һ䡣
ͬ½һﰡطˣ
ûʵ̵Ĵʱ
ƹļһļƣûʱȴһ䡣
ﲻؿʱҿͬ˵ʵ½Ļֹһټǰǰ󣬲ֿӵ棬ѰСʮô˵Ҳ۲ֹǧǶʵڼų֣ҪͣһҪ󣬵ڸǮ
뵹Ļм٣Ͼ̵ĴСضõģֵǧǻֵǮ
ǵһӵĴҾҪˣֻ㻹ȸҿʱųɡ
ƹû뵽ˬ죬ﻹЩڲƭԼʵֻ뿴ʱֱǶƱǰ˻Ρ
û𣬰ʱóɡ
ƹĿƱȫһǧһŵģһӣɰòᣡ
ǮȥҲùά
ԲסˣλˣСʵ۲ʶ̩ɽŶе£Сʱ
һʱ󣬰ӹйµϵĵת飬ֺǺǿƹ̵һԿ׽
ƹģȤҴְ֪үǰнˮ
ƹԴϲ
˵ҪС˼ӣС˲нˮֻҪСˣС˱صľ
뵱ȻԸø˶ֻ谲ŸžͳˣȻҪҸʵƹҲס
ɣͼţ˳ְ˵Ҳǩ˰ɡ
ƹ޴ȥԼֱм㣬æǧл
лˣл˰ֻ黹ҪǩС˵ȰͬүǱ߽ͬ˾źͬǩ飡
ͷ˵ȥҵǱ߽һ°ɣͷȥׯңҰǸҲһ
ƹԴ㵣ֿһеĵת飬ͷ͵ع
⡭ǰүĹŮ
Цţϡ棡ĪҪйˣĪ˱ɣȥ°ɡ
ƹϽӦǣһ˴Ҵȥ׸ͬѧһ飬ֹתһƱȥ


359 ̤Ͼ·

ϰ֣ٿһոóȥõƱʵð޷
ƹֵүĻƣС˵ĹǮǲҲøһ°
ŭһǣɶɷҲŭ̫أһؿڿȵ
״Ͱ׶ϽǰָĪҪӡ
ǰΪѾͷǸԸʵǲֵã
ȿڲ裬˳˳
뿪Щ
ƹսսվпһңֱָ̧ס
ҹ֧ЩǮϽҹ
ƹĴίүС˿ûôѽ
ŭ˵û˭Ѿͷˣ
ƹĸίˣҲûԸүֻ˵Ҫȥ𣿡
ȥһţʶ̧ٵĶү˵ҲҶ죬ҪˣϽ
ƹ֪ﲻĵطֻ˵£֮ǰǩ飬ɵû
ߣ㣬㣬˶ˣ˭飿Ͻߡ
ƹľûѣǲĥ䣬ϽˣȥׯӵҲû˵
Ǻûʱׯƹִ˸ˣ˫ֹһݵת飬һƱ
ûȹĿǾͿʼ飬ȿתϹȻǰ֣λүһ˫ϷӸϽǰĸУ˵ģ˰ָͷѪڵͷƹһ亹òײŰ˸Ūѡ
̯۵ֱߺߣϽ
׼ֵиƹڣ˺˳ȥǱ׼°˸ϳ⣬Ǯ飬ϳš
˲ׯƹȥѻһѧֻһ
Ī£պҺúøɣٲĹǮЩƣһɡ
ƹĻһǧлֱѰ
ĳŮֺǺǴݵתؼȥҲ˵ʱ޷ױѩޣܴλϹЩǮҲ
ֻûע⵽ֱһ˵ȳȸ˿תȥһƬ
ĪȾҪսһѵֲλ๫ҲֻЭ
ȻϾ·ҲѾˣ·Ҳպʲôʱλүæԡ
ĳֻڼգȻΪҪ
ˣԴϽӣһĲƥȥ֮󣬱ûĪ
ͬһ£ĪɺĪһȥһӣǮϴΪͬ
Сһǳ˹µĻĶ˳ͬƹѧѧôʣɺɱԼãһ˵ҲŲűˣû˿ãλСӱֻܴӦˡ
Ϻϲȵɸ˹ǺҲһһǼֳսˣοִ󷽣Ǯʵ٣
뵹СӲ£ȵʱҲ㾭һĥⷽ沢ǰ㲻ȥֻҪƹָһ£ʤιһְˡ
ϾؼҲֻǹʶѣʲôģиϤҵƹѹأҪֻиŵùԼ˶Ŷѡ
˵ׯ̶׬ҵˣֻҪûб˽ңһ㲻д⡣
̵°׵沺ĪСɣһЬ
ҪսЩñЩЬӣλ϶ˣ˵ȣûжգҳʪ꣬ûѺЬ滻Ҫܶ
֮ǰԽֱӸ˼м͸Ųȥأ
ʯͷ֫ĹͷϣûZеĸҽҪΪˣ
ĪСɣʱֱҪˣʲôҲ˵ر˿˺þá
һƵǳζįѾ֪ĪСɣͬʯͷ£ҲٱֳζԱ˳⣬ԺгȵȻãȻĪȾشүү
ĪȾҪսǲټһȥԺҵȴûشԣܻķѧҵҪǵúúö顣
ͷɥӦ£ֳǡ
һ⺢ˣҪҸطˣҲûţؿɽȥˣɽϻһȺүһչҲչ˲
Խ˵ĪţȴնûӰûĪλ°һֱھӪһԼ֮£ҹĽͺһоǱߵս;ơ
ֱϣԽҹĽʵǾ񲻼ãŷˣԼҲĪһԺűŵһرζ
ôζ


360 С

ʣϽصǰ׹š
ԼǴ㣬к򡣡
Խ֪
գ֪ζʵ̫ˣ⼸հ׹ÿٶЩζԺиͷʯʦүǰ߶׹һ߶һǲɫжóԣɫ󣬿žʳ
ɲǣү߶λĪһЩʯ壬µЦɫζȫǺϧǰԺгǳԲ
ԽϢѲɱеʳǣ
һϽ֣¸ϵķʳǺõģ
ǵ¸еĻʳãǰ׹Ķζʵ̫㡭
Խ뵽ڿɽʱΣķȷʵóԣζԸˣǳոһҲԹΡ
ֻһ˵ţ׹ȷǺóԣϧЩʱ̫æǴˡ
ʱ⣺ҪȥԺ֪һҪȥ
ԽͷţȥɡҲӦͬĪȾú̸̸ˡ
ǰȥͨƬ̱㴫ػ
£׹˵ˣҪȥһЩҳ㷹
ԽĲ࣬ĪĵƴǣãȥǼŰɡ
ĪŻ˵ģһЩ˲ң˵常أܱȲԼڸðġ
ԽⲽԺ;ԺƬɽ԰ʱͻȻһΣ֮⣬һƷش˹ȥصĿ֦Ҷۡ
үӣĪ֣
һ׺ͷЦԼɽ˳
Сӣͦ
ԽһҾлүӿ佱ָ̹˵йõһˡ
׺ͷϽʳָСӣĪҪţûϷݣǵĹϵǧĪҪƣ
Խջ΢΢´ǣúúãҲţø˼Ҷ
Сͷһۣ⻰ңҪɶȥ
ԽԺԷ
⻰һڣĳͷʱ˫۷Ź⣺ӴСǴˣҸ㽲ҸɹŮƯǽһóԡ
ԽүӣĪҪ˰׹ɹŮҪаùã
ĳͷȻصͷǵȻҸɹŮǳաߴĳλײβ游һٿĭɣ˵ˣ
Ǻλ˺ԺûȽĪȾ㣬ֱ˳
˴Ϻо˿ΪǳæֱӷԸҸӣȥԷ
Խ˳ң˰׼õӣ˵ȥ
ģ
룺
λ£ƤӶʱ˳顣
ǺǺǣͷ¸ҵСˣԶҳȥ๫ɣϱá
ԽûԶҳȰʵ˵ǲҪɱǾӲ
룺֪ö࣡
¹ȻѧţȻҲ¶֣
ĳʢ˴Ϻÿ̨λãղһ
о;ЩҰ֮ʳʵڲЩϸ²ȡ
ڳһıˣֲˣվ๤𣿻ȥеȺɡ
Խ̾˿Żţսǳں⡣
Ǻǣ£ĻӣȻ˵ʲôʲôˣ
ԽȥĪ̸̸
˳˳ϡޣһڣαӣߣ飡
ԽͻȻĿ⸴ӵؿ׹֪ɷһ㣿
룺ʣİɣ
ڳһģȻԣĪ˵㣬ԣС˶ԣǰһֻ
ԽЦˣϲˣĪҪɱ
뿴ݣתͷͻȻϸõĺ򲻼һֻ˵Ȼֱĳûеү͵ȥȳΪˣ
ĳŮҧͰˤڰϣһװͰ˵Ȩ㵱ĳŰ
ĪȾѾ˲裬Խڣֻ֡
£ˡˣ޷񣡡
Խ֣£ֶһյƿȹɫζ
ò裡Īֵǻ帣
ĪȾƤЦⲻЦȫҼϲ£մ˲ٵĹ⣬ϧȴЩۣҪл£սĻ֤Լס
Խֻû˿ڲ裬̧˫żһֻϵĳС


361 ҵ

˵Щ׻֪޹û취ȻǣΪ˶֮ڿڣҲֻܽͬʯһԴ
ˣȥо̿ܵˣǲɣ뷨ɸЩĲ£Σ
ĪȾһſ˿Ϊֵֻлл¹ػȼνɻ򲻳ɣȫһ˲ҲܶϵõֺαΪ⣿һסΪ
ԽǺЦû˵ҪرĪΪζԱ˽䱸
ĪȾֱԣдҼһɽ䱸ѵòã
Խû˼˹˿ڲ裬Ц
ĪִԲӣ°׹ﲢޣ㱾ֺι֮УҶùƽǡ
ĪȾʱɫҼӲǻģվͻͬýƸ֮񣡡
Խҡͷ㼱ˣĪ˳ס֮ˣ˲İ
û˼ֻѣսǶϷ˭Ҳϲ׼ԼǷȫȫβػѸһΪأʱȱˣҲܣ
ĪȾۿǰ²ļһ
˵˼ѲֻвսŻǰΣգͲ𣿡
ԽͷҲ⣡ԣĪֺαؼ׹ٳһλ飬ȴʤ֮գ˭б°Ȼ˭֮á
ĪȾ˿һû˵ĵطȥƾôǾͿͬԼƽˣǿӣ
ò˵ҲôһѸԡȫȫβػųɣ
ŽĬԶԵش۵СۣǼһ飡
أˣ
͸ںͷõķ˶˽ĪȾһٳζ治Լķĳӵгԣ
ǺֺݺݶĳһۣԽӵĿ⣬üվ㣬׹ˣ
һMMPƮȴЦ¿ҪСģ̿ɤӡƨ࣬ã
ǱĳԹһֿϣȦȦȦȦ
ԽЦл׹ѣȻӱСġ
˵תĪȾ㣺Īֿ豾һѣ
ĪȾýűǰһŵԱȥֱתϵȥˣҼָΣԴﶼȥã
ԽЩؿӣ׹ﵱɣҲóʵ˹Ŀ࿴
빰֣ޣˣ񸾲ɽǻ۶ѣʵⶫҼ๫Ըġ
ĪȾ㣺ӣҪΪΪѣΪʵաҵ⣡
ԽҭҭĪֵòǣ
ĪȾ㹰ҵҵ
ںãĳһ๫һòͰɣһ鸾棬ʵڲиˡ
ԽҪʰӵֶסؿ˵껰תߡ
ĪȾҡͷ̾ǵڴˣҼӱ㲻⡣
ĳ޷շ
ĪȾ㽫֣ذڵǰǵµ㣬ҼϰΪ˵һˣ²ؿȫģµĲӿġ
Խ
˼һӺóԵȫĪȾģԼֻܳ㣿
꣬ĪȾһʳһ°ÿͣţţĪҪ
ԽͻȻоʳ֮ζ
ڳкһһ÷ӷʢȽ֮һ٣ĳͷڵϳԵ͹⣬ڣǽһҸζ
ԽŶгʱÿһӳԱԳ
Ǯϴͷ񣺡£ɳԺˣ
ĳֿףԺˡ
ĪϺֲ赭ˣ
ĳ΢Цܷʢζȣ㲻
׺ͷЦгüŪۣ˼զҸɹŮķζɣ
ĳһίЦǰͷй㲻ˣǣ
븣˸ߣĽƻԺ׵ӣ
ԽӰԽ޷Ľûǰ㻬
ܰȢһӲóûζˡ
ȺĿ˸߹ıӰԶȥŸظŶӽݣֻųԳŵĶϡ
๫ͬ˵ʲô
ĪȾСĵؿ˵ӣķ̫óˣΪֳԳˣ
Ϊͬձ𴦶ûóԣүү˵ˣԹζշ
ӵͷתµķ¸ĿлһӣҪĲһӦȫ٣
๫ɵ˵ٳиˡ


362 ²

һףϸ˿ȴɵǹҴȥǷ棬ǰãұʯͷֵһ
ĪȾҸΪΪ룬ʵΪж
һۣ˵ʲôأǷһ壬Ϊ뻹ΪԼ𣿡
ĳѵûڻ̽ʣǷҲһ
ǺЦһûӣõСϰղģܣ
ĪȾֻԲˣ򸴺
ֵ๫ѾźˣҲý˸ˣǺӣ°óףȥٳǣ֤飡ҿպ˭˵Ƿޣ
ĪȾ㣺
ӣ²һ£
üʲôʲôģǲͬ˵ʲôвˣðɶıСˣʲôв㣿
ĳ̧ӣвΪΪҲµģֻΪģʵǸӶοΪ򻹱Ÿշ֮˵ñӣǵΪʤϴԩٷһ
˫ֱĳ޳Ĳ˵һԣ
ĪȾһµؿСϻӣҲһԵɴ˫ۣϽȰ
׵İɣ׶ˣͬ˯ȥͬһ˯
ĳУСӣв
սָٷϻɲף
ĪȾ˳ӣһ˫ˮӣɣɣΪôӵģ
Űһɣĳп°͹Ц
ŶֻдŻкӹ
СѧӣԼСҲˣףҲкӹǲǣ
ĪȾ㻢ѶϥͷĶ㣡ӵõպԸȥֻΪһ˴ӵã
һ֣ҲĪ֮°
ĳпЦܽػãôպսɳ˲ˣֻҪӲ벻˲ˣҲҪӣ
ͨоͷһů⣬ǽһ̣̣ðݵ̣
ǰԺԽŶԽԽǲģһӣΪҪһշ˵֪ۣҲշɣΪȻƲסշ
а룬ĪȾ㵽ĺã۳಻ԼţݸԼһδԵתѲ˴˵еĹƣ
Խ벻ͨҹĽ벻ͨô㵹ùֱ겻²˳
մɽҰ廹൱ȻֱԽץ׳ҪսɣֱѻҪ
ھӪæգԲˣѣŻذ׸ЪЪĳŻص׸ûʱѾǰںõķδãλ常һԾԺӡ
ҹĽϽѾ˵ҡ
ҹ鰲ӭţſڱһ켱еĽ˷Ҫ²ˣ
ҹĽͷʹؽ˷ŽУ常˵ôùˣ
ҹ鰲ӣϺڲ£ǰȵ˱ƳԣȻ´Ϣϸϸ
֪ΪҪٳǴߣ
ҹĽҲ£常û÷ɣ߳Ա˵ͷ̫٣ֲô˵Ҳǻӣܱ³谮ȻҪԼ
ҹ鰲ҡͷ˵Ҳȴֻûô򵥣ԽĪȾϵǳ֮ǰ㱻°ɽʱΪ˾ʹҹҵİ
Щ˱Ѫϴɽ壬Īȫ£ڣȴ˸֣ûܳ£ֻ»¶ݣ
Щǰɱ֮µĹǵж£˷սȫ𣿡
ҹĽһҪ͵ߵľƱ˰գҹ鰲ܻ˱һ
ҹĽ¾Ʊؿҹ鰲
常ҲǴ⣡˵а⶯ãǸ֪çײԽѣ͵ֱӰȥǰɣ
ҹ鰲Ҳʵûڣ־ίǲΪ˾𣿵㲻֪ȥ򣬿֪жļи̣ң
ҹĽü˼Ī롣⼸ֻоƱ֮δô쳣ֻɳеĲʱЩ죬ҽǺ㣬һΪǣ˼䡣
常ԽʯĪȾϵǰܣǶһս𣿺βֱҸɷǣΪ֤ҹҷѡ


363 ĸƤ

ҹ鰲žƱ˼⵹Ҳǡɼ񻹲֪£ҲʼǸһǰȥѾ˵ǣǸӿ£
ҹĽΣΣǻӣҵǺҸɲȥôɲźã㵹Ǹø⣡
ҹ鰲ֽоһɫһݣô˻ᣬٸһƱıϸЩؽһŪ
Сॣһҹ鰲پѪӿŭҡ
˭棿
һֻڵϣȲͲյƬһأѾŵɫԸϽġ
үүôҲûôҲû
ҹǰɣǾԲ˵ȥģ
ҹĽ˹ȥԭǷǰԪֽŵòѾ߸Ͻűߣֳס°ڿ
ү
үǱ֤һҲ˵ȥ
ҹĻ̌Ž˵ſתֳȥеȥɱĪҪŪӡ
ҹ鰲һһѾѾߵİ첽⣬ԺУ赽ϡ
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366 С

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367 

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ĪȾæɿŵظ˼ࣺӿɻãΪ򷽲̫ˣ
뱻۶ֱ뷢Цһ߶һˣϽҺòװɣջҪɻأЪϢ
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369 ɱ

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Ǽϣ뿪Ц
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ЦɫмǲؼֻҪ˴Ȼȫ˾סؼ
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ԽҹĽҲӵϲ˿ɫǰ
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ĪȾһۣ֮ͬΣЩÿʱ򡭡
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Խһңɫ̧֣˵ȥصģЩӦ
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370 

Խǰ֮䣬뿴һѴֱȥһһ߻иߺȣĪȾ㣬æ
ϽסĳУ๫Ľš
˵һ̿ͼսţȻǸ֣Խһ˸Ӧˣûغϱ㱻һ
ĳŭȣĪȾ㣬֣
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۳Խְ˼ǵֱ˶˰ѱ֣Ž̿ͱ˼֡
Ȼĺڽ̿ŴӿУĪȾ˻ûʵԿԽã˵֮ѰҲǸ֣ЩǸиֵĴ̿ͣʵġ
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371 ô£

ĪȾսС֣ᶨصͷӣΪ֧㣡
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372 ռ˴

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373 ˫

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׷۵һ˿ɫʵڲоŪǸС֣
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˵ð˵ˣûյĹ׽ЯŲзŵģֻϢʱСƶܵİ
ȻûһƱɹһͷϱĪɣĪɰհԸ˼Сƣµһͣɸᱻˡ
˹ȥգ׷˵ƾȻһҲûɹ˽εǰܵ˵ûܰȥĪֱӸٱţ
״үԼŵ˱ٱˣʵһۡ
Ȼиϻģȥõ°Σ
Ϊ˱ʾԼܳڻǰԴλֵȥ̽ҹĽ˳ʼþ¿ôӦ
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ҹĽְοˣҲĪҪļӾȥˣﶨȻܻģʱٲ˶ǵļν
״үͰ˵ʲôֻùؽúˣȻһӱˡ
תͷͿʼԹ״үֳֳ˵㣬ĵ˵ô࣬ҲĻҲճǮȥ
¿ɺãȫҴ˽ȥȴˮƯûУҿɽˣ
״үﰲοѽ㼱ôĽ˵¶ȻὫ¼ϣٲļν
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ֳѹͷեˣˣôҲĪҪҵ⣬һǮҲٸ㣡
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375 á⸮ϡ

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״Сڣ¸ô죿װڵӺˣҪȻǸɴ߰ɣ
׶ҲŸͣڵӢǼҵĲƲתƳȥˣȥԴҲܶɽ𣡡
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һʱգҿҹĺԺôһСү岻أһδþûзĻᣡܰǸѾͷһأ
״Ͱ׶Ȼ
ȻҹĻȢ壬ǼҾͻͬҹˡ
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376 ʰ

׶ֳʪյػظʵ治ѣ״ĺ˼˵Ǻȶ˲û򣬽˿ӣ
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꣬ƸǸŮӣСħĽʵǾˣ
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׶綶ָָ㡭


377 ֮

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˵ʾСǰæ˰׶ͷܣֱ˼׶ʵأҪҲû˼˵ˣ˻ȥ
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ҹ鰲ɫһøƱĪȾ㣡


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զôЩǲûóԵģǰѾƴãүǸһĪɡ
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380 Žһ

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Ϊĵظ˷ַ˹Ǯʮ˸ɻʱΪů˲ٵľƣӸоѾԽԽúȣ
밡ƤлЩľ֭˷ʵǿϧܸܲûȥˣԸ
ҪɵرӦˡ
ɰһҪĿãʵԶһˮǽȥܺúȵģֻǲڱ棬ҪֶֺȲźá
һڸӦˬ죬׬˺üӣһǸ߸ˣҪɽؼЩװ˳Ƥ
ֺסǣԼǷݸУȥ֪ͨˣɽһС
Ǹʮ½½ɽյУһͷǴһҲѵóһصĹ㣬һжأ
ɰѴǸжˣһװͰسǣǿڣ㶼ԷȥæֱĳŮʮȫװи߸˵ػؼȥˡ
үԾ˴УһɽϻʮûһӰѾߣʣ֮
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벻ϲǿˣүӴ⣬ûٶȰ
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ЩȣΪҲҪ°
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Һ֮ǰʹˣһȥˡ
ӸҲɣɣҲԸسǣߣҲи顣
ĪϺҲ˵ǣԸڴڣֻҪˣҪ׬ǮңҪչѾͷ
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ĪҪЩ۴ڿŽˣϴǻ˵֮Է齨˸廤ӣȫ׳ʵĺӶˣҹظӵİȫ
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381 ǮѿŻ

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ЦİɣүӣЩǮõ𣬶дһЩ̴̽﹦
۴ǶѼˣɶĲ˵ãֻҪȽҲԼ֯һ֣ɽȥҩֻ·׬Ǯٶ࿪ЩأͶˡ
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ĪϺͷû°ɣǸ´ĺӣѵΪǾģ⵹ú⣡
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ӰһŸӣһ߼˸ӣͷһԲ
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ԭ̳װǵͣ˲ׯĴţְһ̳ӵŰϣŹԶһЩһҧƣһߴŻӣſӹȥ
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һͷ̵ĻҲ棺˵ߵ˺ˣҲѣ˵ҪȼĶ԰ᣬǱҲҲһѡ
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382 ˵

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ĵ۰ѾͷӱˣΪɶûһ
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ڶһ״үȥҶܣѯҹݻһ¡
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״үٴ̽ұϲˣĪҪڡ
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383 һϲѶ

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385 Ȼݳ

׹ﵱĶ˵Ȼ˹طҲѧôԵ
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СۿԼˣֻǳҺһ䣺ܡ˱ˡ
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387 ֮

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ұȥ㣬һ̫޷ԶУо֮Ҳһ˲ܣչȬȥѰ㣬ȴһϣ㵽˽ա
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һ·˺ܶ࣬ԼʵǺ⣬ֻԽԽްɶ񣬾Ȼʧƭ׸ʹոջָ䣬˰Ǹϻ쵰
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388 Ů޷

ʱǾ֢֪ķԸΣȴҲʱûӦҩƷ
Ȼκ࣬ȴøַΪǮ켴βãֻҪǮúõţҲд󰭣׾
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389 ļ

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390 ƾͼ

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391 ˮģʽ

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ҹĽתͷǼλѾ͵˵طǻߣ𣿡


392 ˺

һࡣ
ҵȷ֮Ҫ׹ȫ»֮ǰҵǲ뿪׹ҵģ
ҹĽ˼ѾңҲҪңǻ򸮲ɣ
صˣûеµǱһֱڰ׹һȫȥģ
ҹĽջؿ룺ǹģ
ͷûҾǹģ˭ҪҼΪˣİɣ
ǲˣһȥͽԴϲ𣿶ԣĪҪ˳Һ๫ǩĺ黹ҡ
ҹĽһ𺣺룡檱ԼһӦģ㲻ȣڵңҲǽŵԶѣ
ҡͷԲӣʼգҶΪ˾๫˳ѣǽίߣôŵأ
ҺüʱȻҶ֪ôˣ㲻ΪҶоɣɲԶˣ
ĪȾ˵£ԽҹĽɱ˻ŭɭؿ
룬ңͲ𣿡
ɱңͲպû½ɻеµء
ӿڣٽɱ׹ǻɱ˵ɣ
ҹĽָס룬ָ¡
ãУУ룬ԽˣԽǾ˼ΪôҪɱ㣿㻹أ
תǼĹ
λ˼ȻǷµҪ׹ǱŰɣ˾ǣ˳ȱǵϲƣҲΪҺͰ׹ϲ֤
δÿɷغһ뼷Щǰҹһߵ̬뻤м䡣
ҹĽǿѹŭۿһĻλҪ׹׿ҵģߵˣҲûʸֹװɣ
һۣǧػصЩǲܣֻ֪֮£׹ȫˣǰ׹ﲻ£Ƕ赲
⻰˵úð˼ǣ벻Ը޸ҹĽΪ檣Ǿͻ赲벻ԸҹĽ׽Ҳ赲
ҹĽôΪŭɶϰֲĵѼٷߣ
ֻ˸˼£ǼγֳҧгݵĶȴɳ
ҹĽһؿڣɫЩ׵س˵ôţֻͬ˵仰ѣͷ䣬Ƚݰɡ
ǳҪջˮģŲأԺЦüë
ֻҪ򲻽˶徲Ǳ˵ȥסҲ޷
˵꾶ֱתǼЦǰɣλ磡
ص׹˵۾ǣֻҪ׹ˣҵ޲
ҹĽɫһڣֻҪ׹ﵥ˵仰ѣλи㣬ҪôƫҪôſڵҲɡ
Բ뿴롣
ŸЦҲɣǼλһ£ͷƬ̣һȥ
ǼŹӦǣ׹ֱܷǾſš
ҹĽȽţ˽ȥ
ŮҹĽ¡
Ů£뵽һԵһȦŮû̺ҲԪӰ⴦ԺӦҹĽӡ
Ҳϡ棬ҹĽҹҲжӵͥԺкѺͿ䣬Ϊʱ߶Ĵ붼УԲŮǱߡ
ǰİżȻ޹òᣬֻԺ檹ҹ֣һ㶼ԼȥԺѡˣº󻹼ޡ
ò˵ΪòҹĽǰŮ˵µʱ򣬶ҲǲһģɼǶЩԵζջǺҪȥ
ҹĽº˼Ʈ֪ЩʲôһƳĬ
̸̸
תΪŵָʲô
ҹĽŪҡҡͷװɵӦԼûҿʸԶڱ߹أ⼸𱣻Ҳûãеǰ취Խͷ𣿡
Ʃ磿
ҹĽߣƩ׸һӵ֪㲻ںǣһŭ֮ɱţ㵱治ôѪ𣿡
ʵ⻰̲סЦЦǰϣ˫ġ
ðɱɱ㿴һ᲻ǣ
ҹĽü룬벻˺֮ˣΪԼֽǵ𣿣


393 ûô棡

Цһǰ˵ôɣҾ˽֮ˣǵﱾһĲֵҵһҾܹƽ
ҹĽȻƬ̣ͻȻֳһ˿֮⡣
˵ͷˣǣǴӲƴ㣬ΪŴα㣬ԭ͹ѵʧǲޡ
룬ʵͦģһҲͬ
ͻĸпðһôͺһˣͬѲҹҲ˾˲ףѲ˱Щϲ£
ҹĽԳƴǣ䲻˵ǰ㣬ҲͬС죡
ͱ㲻Ը޸ңȴһһҵĻҲһԼ
Ⱦ㣬ҶøȫޣǰڼĸĹϵ򲻿ȢһŮΪ޵ģ
ҼĸҸ־ð׼ڲЩȡ֮ԲӦŻ¡
ҵļңǸ׿ص˼ңǸںҵĸܣҲںǷϲЩŮӣ˵ӵҵΪأȢ޲ΪڽӴȢ˭һ
룬ʵôŮ˵УΨѡģҲΨܹҵȤԣŴԣԾɲ㡣
Ц㲻ǴָɣҸмɣ
ҹĽһۣûô棡ǰ˵һ仰ºϸϸҲ޵
ĳŮ죺˵ʲôԣ
ҹĽصͳ˵仰ˣ
ֲ̯֣ǷҵǮô˷ȥЩûõģ
⻰òᣡ
ҹĽˣּһ㰮˵˵˵Ҳģ̲ס˵˳
˵Ҫ˶ģҪͬġ
룬ڷʱ˵ЩƵĻ
ȻأǴұʾģǺǣⶫɲñں˶ԣκоޣɶڲں˶ԣǰʳŵǰҲֻоģ
ҹĽ
˵ϰôҭ˵𣿡
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ƣ־ҪŬˣ
˳ѣϲҪϸĴ󷽣ܸ裬黭ͨ
Ҫ򲻻֣˯ذ壬Բ˯齣£Բվţ
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ҹĽһĿԳֳһ˿īɫ
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üǵȻ๫õˣû֮һ
ĳУҲ֮սɳΪõӢң
ɫһ๫ҾӾ
⻰ɰҹĽ̼ˣһԾͬʱĳŮһ߿ļУ׳Ӱ˲䵲ǰ̧ؿһƣֱδƳ߿⣬˴һʹ
⻹û꣬һŰ壬ԾС
׹˺£ҵˣ
ϽסмУԹؿһɷף̧סؿڵĳС
㿴㣬˵˵ͻȻһɲܹңŰɵԼޡ
ҹĽǿŻѪĳ嶯˫ֱίʮС
Цѽ治ǹģȻɣȥҵҪ⳥еǮ˵㣬ʮӣܳ˰ɣ
ҹĽʹ㻹ǿ
Ͻǫ飺ɽ˿佱ҿп֮ǾⲹǿɵøϽȥҪ˿ɾˣ
ҹĽʣ
ĳŮֱȥĻ˵վҪ̻ؾ𣿾ǵˣһһҪôЩʱգ˭֪ҵû㣿
⻰ҹĽ
˵еŰ廵ˣҹҲûסˣǾһȥ㸸Ǳ߰ɡ
뱾ʹԷ֪Щɻڣ
ðҽͻǰסһҹɡ


394 ֮

ҹĽ֪׸Щ˵ȻҲûѰǱߵһ£ҪرӦ
յģŻˣܿ쿪ʼ䣬ҹĽˣҲԸ̧ܿ࣬ų˴Ժת˳ȥ
֮ԽƾͼƣҹĽһˣĿľΪ˺úʰ׼ң뵽Լôźһ˵ǣٻԷһۡ
ҹĽÿʱȥסԷǸϻ쵰û취ܾ˵׼ҵһЩĶ
һĿģҹĽ˰Ժӡ
ҶϽͷͨü޺ϣ̾ƽʮӣȻҹĽŰˣλүʱһĻţаŵزԼҪƲơ
ȻҹĽһݱ˴ָ侹Լ˿ѪɰѰòᣡ
ǻкֿһˣ
ҹĽһ
*ſ룬Ϊ״ҲûҳƢСʵ밡Ľɶ˼
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˵ֻҪסԺһϰּ˵иؼģ̺ҲΪңһѣ˿ڸƿˡ
ЩҽҩѸɣȻĻҹү׷ŮҪ۵ŵùˣ
֪ģҹүǻߵĴˣպգԶŭ׸ƬլܶݣϴҪ֮ˡ
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ĪŮļ֮¿ڲԣ֮úòңЩֵܽҲ᲻úԣǧĪҪ᲻ǼǮ
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⡭ҽŮ޷˵ÿأҪҪҸϽõƣ
ҹĽߣ̧˿ѪҺòײŽ˿ϣѿˣ˵ǲأ
Ҫ룬ǱҪ̻ؾкãһ·ⱼ࣬Ƹ֪Ҫܶٿ࣬һ·ϱصñ֤ʣչ˵ϤģҲƽصǣһȻҪ໨ѲٵʱǮ
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˲ɫ٣ҪǰǮ
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ϼȱɫȫ䤱һһʹоҪˣ
ҡûôЩѽ
죺ôܣ˭õǰװ׸ҵ˵аʮóʮ·ߵЩô᲻ˣմҹĹٻҲŲ븶ɣ
⻰˵òһƬ*ҹĽҲˣʲô·ߵЩֲȥ
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㿴ǰŸվʮΪãˮƯҲûҪȥʮױ
Ͻţ˵ʲôȻ˶ʮľã
ʲôʱˣⲻѽ㶼ϾȥʮҪǼƽǮˣ
ĪҪ˵ʮױûسɲɣ
˵ˣǮϣȴϸҽǮҲ̫˵ȥ˰ɣ
ûǮڣûǮϾǮȫװ˭֪ǿŶϾǮȻ˵ǮûˣŻ˴󷽵ȥͷ
ҡͷǻ£ǮҾѽ
ҹĽȰ뿪ڱһѹԪĸִ˵ģԭһţȻȰġ
ɴ۾ߵȥ˵羹Ȼ˵Ǯ˵ӲûӦǰѺôǵͷ𣿡
ҹĽްԪһҶƣȻð״үùɫͷˣֻԪĸ׶˵Ҳû˵
һͷۻ޺ϡ


395 غ

ðŴҸҪӣָǮûöԵطҵһϹͷβɾˣҾã
ҵԳʮӣòײŽȥڻǰ¶Ȼ˲ֵ壬ѹȫռȥ
۷죬۵òˣɻִ࣬
Ī˵Щˣ˭ûǮûǮһδΰǮҴ󲮣ҾͲˣΪɶǮ
ʵһҭ˵ѲܸǮԸĪȾģ
˵üͷڳһĺ֮ɫ
ô˵ŶˣⶼİɣŲӶѣ
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ҽʮҲһĲ٣ģ˸󷽣ԼС˵ǲǣ򣿡
ҹĽҲŰûǮϼ޻һϲϻǰװسĴôûǮ
ˣѧ˼ңĪҪ̫ģĻպ̼֮ҲضԽ֮𣡡
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״ͼֵܱͶںͷţ˳ŵиļȹߣûǰ㱻һѽϵĺӶ˹ȥ򿪣ͷȡһ룬̹һָֻ֣ͷһ롭
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ʵףӲʮŭ˵˵ǹѣȻ㲻飬㰮ססȥɣĪҪҪǮ


396 ̰

ҹĽԼİٸʲôãҲһȥԷİܵ԰Ӻ͸ŴλСʳүü
ֵطʵסˣҿȥ԰ɡ
ǰϤԺѾ˴ɨּ϶԰ưܣȴ뵽ǰסʱĵλ䡣
߹ԺеСήӣɫƽЦһ
ҴСĵطδˣҲԺҲȻҪúûһ¡
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ҹĽ˴ֹɭɭԺİӡҲޣסǿһ¼
ǰʰһ£˳±С㡣
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һǿɾͶлˣ
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һĸ׵³ҲѾտҲﲻǱӵյһҲû£ױ̨Ҳǿյģҳ˺һ㣬û
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Ī˵ʧո£׼ԼԼҲᱻ϶ɱֳʱһ
Ҳʲôмֵ˳ݣԼǰסӣѾɨһ飬ʪĨϸõذͼҾߣҲѾ˻裬Щǲô䡣
С㣬Ѿˣܿȣ±Ҳ͹ˣھϣЩ̣
Լ͵ʾӦЩǲùˣʰԴȥ
˵תһԱЦͬһȥЩ˻Ҫ
һСҪԼүѾԸ˸͹ү硣
뵭ˣҳԲĶο߻ôңǶţ׸еķҲҳԣԵкǡ
Щ޴룬ǿģķǿζѵÿԳԵȻЧͣ
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ʵʵӦˣϽʰӡ
ǮһʳȥˣõƷûңתȥ
ⷿ䵹Ǳ仯󣬻뿪֮ǰӣҾζƹλãȻ˱ŵģҲû˶ߵĶ
ؽң˿ϰŵ±죬ҹĽڣȻûҵ
Ū´ǣȥԼ³һȥɴһĵ׸һ󼤶


397 

³Сӵڷŵ룬ѵЬñһУԼ׼Щ˼ģ
ȡһ˫СͷЬͷĸңǾƵ۾˲һƬʪ
ˡ
һ߸˫ɰСЬһᣬ̧һ۾ּϸеЩЬñС𣬲еӤһֱӡ
ȡһѱ˱ʣպܴ
˵ùȻû˶ٵĹںӵϣΪ֪кŮеȫ˫ݵģһкӴģһŮӴġ
űеᣬһ*С·ͷֻǷĸ̫̫࣡
ǰһظһۣôɵɵһͷ˰Ԫ壬ҹĽĻУֱԼҲ͵
֪ԼöңǿŴĸĶжǣҡ
ԽԽǺԼǰ֪һУҲΪĸױѪ𣬲£ֻأԻޣ
³ĸµ⣬ɵֳһ±ҳﱻ£ɼƤһѵĺװ
ҪЩȫûȥĺǴΪ׵һǻ⣬ů⣬Բܹ
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ǸСͷиӲӲĶͷһ󼤶зŹƵƷҳ޵ʱѾֵǮȫˣⶫֻĸ׺ȥģ
ָһ㽫ǲƿȻĸ׵һ壬Сһ֬澫ϸεƺһŮ
ĸ׹ȥһֱڲϵģ򵥵һţۣҲֵǮģϸ˿ǿϳŮı֣Ҳĸ׵Ĺá
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ԪһűӣϸļЦܳɣˣԵǣ
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ҲЦģҴСʮ꣬մ˼ӦѾʮôڲѽ
Ԫ㲻Цʱв֪һͬһԵ֣ǿɲ׽ãͬǷŮˣԵ׽ǣ
ҡͷԲӣǼͬһˣ׽ǲܵģԴ׵⣬㣬ԲԼ˵Ů׽跨ŪЩ⣡
תͷԪѾŵʳУ㣬ͷ͸ҳԵļȣ㲻뱨ǰһ֮ɣҸµĲɺҩѣֻ֪ҪҵǺﰡ
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Ц㣬涺ԼĶΪҪƽױأҿûͰĵȺã㻹ǸϽԼȥɡ
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ҾͰѶˣͱͣͱգУøоסòǾֱȥסò˼ʱ㡣
ѻ˵꣬תȥ


398 ЦеЦ

Ҳûˣֻɨһ۷ϵʳУҲµõ϶⣡
ûʱˣָһӵʳģЦǺǿ롣
׹ˣҪ³ʵǲ˼
Ц粻˿ǱҲ࣬ҲЩʳԼҲҪԵģʵ̸࣡
̸죬ߵĹܼҴҴܽԺ
С㣬үԸ˳磬ͷ³ʹѽ
ûǲ꣬ǳһۣĶˣýɡ
ܼҸϽʾ⼸¯ֽǮȼƷļҶǰЩƷ㰸С
См𣿡
ûĻЩͲˣλæ˰ҲģǸϴС͹ĲƷ͵ģһЩɡ
˵űʳд򿪣ͷĸɫķֱǼҶУְһƲֱ˹»
԰ɣĪҪҲǽ軨׷ѡ
ҶСµģʵ֪ܲܳԣ
µҲһ֪룬С͸Сĳʳжɣ
СʵǽƻѲǵ
üôԣѵǵҴҪǣ
µĸϽҡͷСĲңС򲻸룡
ֵȻǻҴҪǣΪλԣѵҪҴ󲮸ǶһЩʳǷſϳ𣿡
µһĸ״үǰ֣Ƕû⣬ǻñ
λµһҶС͵ĵģϽԣ
ҶΣֻðѵǼƻڳԻ
뿴һҭĻţСĵѳԣ
ҶǸϽҡͷ֨ѳԣ
áóأ
һ⣺óΪ⸱ʺı飿
Ҷǲ̲סĵ³ȥӲԼʣҭֱӲӡ
µĳûѲݹȥҭ˰ɣҪҪȿ˳˳
ҶǳԵѾԵõսľˣĸٺϽ־ܾѵļȥ
µĿǸѵĳˣҲûѪļƣûﲻɳ˿龪һСṫȻԼҶСأʵ̫ˣ
ǰĿⶢϣµôȣҴ˵ˣҽȵģֻȣű㣡
µһҹĽȵģʱģĵԪٵ죬ҲȻҺҹСүǴ󵨶ֻѣһͷĲ˸ɾ
лСʹͣСҲƲǰɣүѾ˾磬ֻˡ
֣ȥ͸ҵҪڴԺкλ磬Ͻҵļױ׼ͳɣԷԼ
µļִⲻȥǰԺþ磬ߵֶĿⲻƵʵĻŵúܣǱ㹰ָˡ
С˱ȥүˣСԱ㡣
˰ŴŸһȥ˳̹ϴ룬ʳģʼ
µǰŰѾϯҹĽ㱨˰Ļһ*
ҹĽȴ˵ͷС㲻Ը㲻ɣױҲץ֮ǰһðǮ׼ǱҪؾ¾Բܵ顣
̾˿㲻Ѿ˸żȮȥǮɬİ
ҹĽζһĪҪǰһٿСˣʵûôô
һ̶һ亹͵ҹҵŵڣǿ̼ݣ֮ѡ񲻽⣬ΪǮ
˵ЩȨ󶼿̼֮ңɶǮϲ˿̼֮ʿй֮޲ΪǮʵά벻Ķ
˵һֱ̼ǸȨǰһЦûǮǲŽЦеЦ˭Ըأ
ǮüֵܻһЩӦĺôûǮôҹǵģָô᣿
ѵǣˣתЩ⣬ҶżȮӼӱŬǮⶫ׬׬ˣ˵ǲǣ
ҹĽÿɷص˵ͷ˴еٺòԵĲȰѶʮ׼ؼ
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˵ͷŵĹͻȻʼоȫĳóĲλȻĿ֮²


399 Ӳ

λһֵվУ˫ۿϲϯȵСѾǣһ볯˵ĳ嶯
ϯλҹĽͰһûһر߳Աģʵĥʱ䣬õǰȥǮ˻
Լĥʱ̫ˣϯԵһʱ򣬹µڳʧȥǣ͵һ߾СѾߣ˰סͿʼ˺
СѾ߸ŻˣгһŻҹĽͰע⡣
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µѾʧȥˣ£վɰСѾ߲ţ
ɫָ࣬סУˣϽHòŸϳȥ򣡸Һݺݵش򣡡
ҶǸϽѾӵĹ¸ǿм˳ȥأôӵۣˣֱˣȻ˲֮£̫ˡ
ҹĽ˫ۣϸµ֮ǰԣǰͼҶ˰Ԫ͹ȥĶ
ðԪ˾پΪðʧأԼ᣿ԼʧأٸԼ᣿
ȻŮ˶벻˱ԼҪϾڰ׸һҹˣԪһԸĸĸưոݣ
뵽ˣطϵĿվ
ãҳԺˡ
ԸϽסڣԺˣòӰɣ
ҹĽͣͦģȻطļױǵ·ѣЩ͵

ǳɣЪϢкֻܷԸͷȥ
ҹĽ䵭һϯԷȥ
ʱʮ˸Ժﶼŵǹ˵ķ㡣
ҹĽЩ죬ӿŲ˳ζƫȴȫڸþơ
ٺһЩůůӣҹֵػ䡣
վӹоյ;ƺл׹Լɡ
ҹĽýݣôЩչ¶Цգɫһһζ
ְ
˽ŲΪҹĽû뵽Ȼˣ
ҲͷˣЦݶʱһ
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˸ô֪ģʵǸġ
ҹĽһۣ˵Ǹո֣պҹɡ
һȻȴǺӵһھܾ
ǿɲɣʹ֣Ǿǳҹȥ
ҹĽһǺãҹĳպȥԺԱǡ
˵žȻӣ˳ǰ㡣
ţζۣ֭治
飺İɣҵľϯԣǵ㷹ˣ
ҹĻ̌һۣ²ԱøٶһЩʳĲĻҳǮȥ򡣡
˵ŻȡһСԪһöԪ
ۿöԪȻ󲻿һ˹ȥ
ðɣǮķϣԱ԰ɣλҲĪҪϽԣ˭ֽ˳Բɱﷹԣ
⻰һڣͲַ˲òĻ¿ʼԶ
ҹĽ㵵ؿ⼸һɨ棬ûһ㽫ʮ̲ɨȥһ룬ҲϽ˼ڣȴԽԽоζĺãʳ֮񫣡
ֻϧδԵˣϵĲӱȫˣŵĹ̵׵ҲˣͼǼһ˶һֻѸ߷˵Ĵ룬أԵýζ
ҹĽ
ɷ鷳Щ
ʼ򣺡ɣʱˣðʰءλԺþԱɣȻطˡ
ҹĽϽסĪһ㡣
ͷһۣ£˵춼ˣҪЪϢˡ
ҹĽͬԼ˵ʱ̬ȫͬǼ˵Ϊ죬ȴûɫ
ԪЩǿԵģ
ԺǺЦôܣҺûôõĹϵʵģԼ͹ȥҪ˵ø㡣
ŽоԣԼҲϡڣԾֱ͸ǳˣѲɽԣ
ҹĽֵһۣ㵹ͦ˽ҵ뷨ѵãϬȷ֮ϣ
Ц׻˵Ӧ֮ʱ֪֪ˣܰսʤǱ˼Բͼ˽뷨Ҳ¶ˣ
ҹĽɫһڣߵӲҳĸԸͶҵĻ


400 

ǺǸЦһһûԵҪʣҿɾͻطˡ
˵ֵˣҵļױҵûɣ
ҹĽＫˣ
ģ˶أӦúܿͻ롣
ŵ˸ͷãͽˡ
תﳤȥҹĽüͷаƥѱҰԽˣԽսȤ
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ҹĽɫʣأΪ
Ԫڳһͻݵģ۵ۺͲᡣ
ڰ׸סЩʱգϵ˳ߡҲ֪Ȱס㣬˱ȰѴ̺ˣǱ߳Թ˶ЩЪϢɡ
ҹĽɨȰ㻹ǱˣĶҸûԣҩѱºˣг̬Ԫ㣬ҺĲƷȻܲǰ㻶ҲԼ⸱䣿
Ԫû뵽Ȼֱ׵صԼƣϲһǺ죬ҹĽ˵Ӱ࣬޼˰룡
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ʻãһҹĽ뵽Ļ׼ŮҪѸŪҰðҹļ̳ˣƼֱ˷ָ
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׷Ů̾
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ѵֻ𣿻Ҫͬ׽ĶҺòң
׷ͣҵɵŮȻ⣬ͬãĿĻԼ棬¹ؼǺӣֻҪҹĽˣܳ£ӵ±ý
ʰ룬²ҲҪȥҹ֮Խܳ裬˱Խ࣬ҹĽжŮ٣ĸ޲
ʱԲҪֳżҪ䵱άԽˣԽ˺ޣЩŮ˱͵λãȴֲ׶ӣѰʰ룬ȫõû˸ڶ
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401 һ

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ɻ뻳һƱݵС
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ҹĽس˳û㣬룬Ծ㣬ñҲ졣
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һΪΰԪ㣬˿ûԼŴҹҷ˿˳Ϊʲôһȴˣô˺޲ΪҹĽĳ谮ǰԪΣ
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ɲԪˣҪ֮֮ЩΪһŮ˹ҧֶΪ


402 񵽸Ů

ܿ콫ͻĪʱֶˣǰٳѾƵƵǮҲӹˡ
ΪĴûҽĪˣֱӸһҰ룬Ʊֽ
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ܿ㵽̵ʱ䣬ʹǰƥĴǿʣСһ
߲кʵӣһкüСů¯ǶճУҲ䲻ţԣаڷŵĹСӣȲС¯ʵֻ벻ݳޣû
ҲĻ³˰׸ҹĽͰԪѾ⣬ͬƥĴ󳵣ʣΪҹĽˣλس̵ĶԱһ˲ֹһΡ
ֻϣҪĻ֪Ҫʱܵǣء
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̲סŪһˣĻҪôЩбҲ̫Щɣ
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˵ͷ˵ҲԣһΪٱô˸׽ȥء
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Ѳ׽ң
ǺǸЦⲻǻ׽𣿺ǹ򣡡
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403 

ҹĽҵͬһദǵýɣջ̿ʣôãѺ黹
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ҹĽֵ·ûܺúóһڣѵýǣᡣ
ͷҲҪ֣û׼ܿԵĶ
һ˵һƺܸߣҹĽȥǺ«ģϺһȥ֧Ǻ«
ȥȴְĿתԱߵ̯ϣֱǰȥŸϵΡ
֥һҲһģ춹ġ
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λүǵҲ
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Ǻ«ҹĽֽӹһ֧룬Լһ֧ҧһɽ髣޵ţıǺ«ǺóԣҴСϲⶫ
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ҸղſǸǺ«СڱʺоöģȻԵȥصĿζҿɲԣ֧㶼Լ˰ɡ
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404 Ȣ

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405 ֮

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406 Σղ

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ĪȾſɽ¿ȥ


407 յֶΣ

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Zõɴ˫ۣհÿ߲ҩȻҪǵİ㣿
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ڣʯͷúõıϯλţƺԽ̸΢빰
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ǱѾʼ󣬹ձϮ֪ǶԴ˿п
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ĪȾһǹ縺ߣƽоʯͷͦиԣҲɵģΪһغ֮±㿪ʼ㣿ҪȥҲգۣǲȱ۶𣿣
Īȥзʵ֪ǹȻж˽ﰵ̽飿
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ĪֹȻûǣ̸󣬶˵ʵֻҪ˽бᱻԣθ࣬Ҳֲʣкģ˻ܿɥʧж
ҷʿʱֻսپʱƲǶе˱ֻɶԷ׸ˣ
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ֻǶα㲻⣬ȥƣҵƽ֮
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ֵܵд˰գ


408 ͨ

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Խվ֣ذС
ֵܵд˱£ô㣬ذæƴ˶ʵҴʿ֮лֵˣ
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˵Խϲɫֱֵ˵
Zп˿ʯͷʦ֣ϣƴ֮ǰ¿ˣƶУĪҲһǶöȥҲͽͣ˽յĶһȥɡ
ԽЩǣ˵ֵոǿıһԴȥǺΧ׶༪٣
Zʮ޷ٶ࣬δüҵĽų̣׷ңסҲס
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Խü΢żλϽϸ˵Ŀ£ֱҹ鰲һ
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ҹ鰲ƲУҲֻû취İ취˵ϸ
ԽŶҹ˵Ҳýдһϼһ£취ǷУ
ҹ鰲ĩǵõ¿ЩǰΪȷΪҷʿǿ·𣿲ʹӵѡλոǿˣǰȥ󣬴شﲩʿĶ࣬û׼Ϊ˴ԸĻᡣ
Խɫؼ׷ʣ֪ҹѡ


409 Ѫ

ҹ鰲˿֪ԼıѾ¶һǰظ
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ԽͻȻһȣˣҹ鰲£
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ԽɫؿˣλҲ֪ԵɰɣĪ˵˭ҹɲģ
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ϳĸǰȥܽͷ𣿡
ĪȾϸбѺŵĶʮˣתЩ˱߼ƣָһˡ

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۽ǳ˳飬ڳһ޹Ͳ⣺Ҫ˵£ֻǸӪݲѣʵڲ֪ô
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Խɫҹ鰲ҹҲ֪ʼҶ㲻ΪҪйᣬִҪĪȾʯ
ҹ鰲У£ĩԩĪȾһɺԣɲ֮ǡ
ĳбԩ£ΪҪƽ޹λݹҲԩ޳ΪҪָҪ²ŲòԱѣ
ҹ鰲ɫǺ죬ָ̧ס˵뱾Ҳԩ޳𣿵׽ʯˣҪӺ
ĪȾҲգָֻݹᣬҹΪζҪԸͷأ
ҹ鰲Ȼһϸ뷽ĪȾĻĵȷȷָֻݹ٣Խ
Խû˵˰ɣҹ˲֪ǼĪΪ
ҹ鰲ϽԩĩԴģʵԩ
ԽͷǺãǱú֤ʵһ£Ƿԩ
˵㵱ٶҹ鰲ԸȥѦЩȫȥ̿ʣǷֵܵסʮ̣׻᲻гҹͼı
ѦУ˽Ƕʮȥ̣
ԽЩ˱ʱѵλʵˣĹ޹ļˣĻǱֻȫǿշˡ
ҹ鰲ɫһңԽĻ˵ãаѱУ˶һ٣Ӳˣٰܾ裬Ҳɣѡʹʹһ
ò˵ҹ鰲ҲһȻһ˦Ťߺһϣҹĳԩ
˵˳ֳһ䵶ֱ㳯ԼĨȥ
·ͻȻڳ˶ˣѪ˵
Խ󣡸ҪѦЩˣͼѺȥ̵Ľʿһһڵء
Ѧ£Щ˾ȻҧԾˣ
ԽȻһصʬ壬˱۾ǵ͹ҹңЩ˾Ȼȫʿ
׽˸ɾҪָ֤ҹͼıǲˣµ֤˺֤ݣ
ĪȾʵû뵽˷չԽȻҹ鰲ˣ
ΪԽֻͼĴβǣû׼ὫƾͼƣҲûԼ˿ûô򵥣


410 ֮±·

ҹ鰲һڼϸˣսԾû꣬ƣʿ֪ҪԶĿԽټнʿԸСǰȥ̽顣
λʿΪػҴϧǧﱼԡѪɳöΪ߹أѾ겻ңˣҲΣֻǣ벻ؼң
УһƬ룡
Խ̧ѹѹʿǷڵգǲܴ˴Щ֮ǵҰģǲܹңû׼ҪѪĴۣ
ÿռҴһǳأɱҴգ˲ŰɱҴ񣬶ҴҴϣҵ
ʿһθߺݲã
ԽͷûݲãɴҶ֪óʹЩıǵĶ󣬶񶾱ɣ˵ҵնشʧȥĽ֮ϼȥǾͱƴ˶󣬲С˼Ҳǣ
ʿǻߺǣ޳ܣ֮ϼȥ
ԽʽԱˣڣϣλʿԸ£һǰ̽飬Ѱ֮ûԵҪ󣬴˴ֻλȫƽⶾİ취Ըȥ
ϽʿǴɱۣǲǺ޴Щգֶκɳʤ֮䣡Ǻöվ˳
ң
ȥ
Ҳȥ
һ
ҡ
Ƭ̼УվһƬԽοͷ
ܺãλʿȻҴеѪڴ˳ŵλǰȥ̽ʿǼһвʿ͢ÿ˵ļɷһ𣡱˵ʿǵѦ״
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ЩѾɱ˰֮õĽʿǸǼż˿ͷڹ꣬û׼һս±ҪǰȥɱУҲǰ˿¾״ǰȥһʿˣΪһһĸ
ǺȻ֮һϱǶҪȥѦ
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ԽǺܸôཫʿԸʿ䣺޷ҴʿѪжΪҹηֻܵǼԸǰȥʿԽԽã
û˶ڣܱZУȫָˣ
ĪȾҲڱ֮УԽ´ʣԱʿǰȥ̽飬ȻĶôˣһ˼Ҳȥ
ҪǰȥZвסĪ֣
ĪȾֻܳǰȥͷڹꣿĴûᣬĪ˵ңʯͷҲȥ
ǰҹ鰲˵ֻһС֧ǰУĪȾ㲻ɵȻȥҪ֪ô󣬱˵ױ¶Ǳ˸ϲҪɱʮҲף
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ĪֹȻ߼С޶ˡ
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˵ҲɣĪȾ㾹Ȼһ£˲ǱˣǸ׳
׳ϳֲţĪүôҲ˾
ĪȾ㷢ָ׳ţҲǴΪˣ˵׳㾹˰ٷ򳤣ʵϢ
׳˼ͷĪүͱЦˣϰٷȫ˵Ҹͷ٣ҷΣͷ˰ٷһһսǶЩٷ򳤴ǧ򳤣˰ٷ򳤡
ĪȾʵ棡
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ĪȾļ򣺡Ѳк󸣣׳Ǵ˴ҵ¹ͣû׼Ҳǧˣ
ǧ򳤿ɲˣǧ˶飬ƫ׳ǳϢ
׳˼ЦЦĪүԣ۲ְֻϣ˴Ķ󣬽Ǵߣ۾ͿԻؼˣ
е˼ĪȾˣͬصͷ˵öԣΪջؼңǶʹѾųɣҼӾõȣ


411 

ĵûȴ󣬱㳯ŵӪǰĶɱȥ
̽Ϊ𾪵ؿżǧűХųδõĶɱϽͷš
н˵ıǰϮԭͦص޷˵õһСɸӶѣȥؽȫɱһҲĪҪŻȥ
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ͳ˧һ㶣˵ô˵ֻмʮǰ̽Ϊ˼ǧ
̽ҡͷСĲ֪
ͷüʵǷӭս
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Ǻıæǰӭսûдıʿǣ֮ղãδӳõЧãζƽϡһЩĽʿǸɱ÷ԣѵһξȻֱ룡
ZԴ㷢˶ƽ֮ʵ̫ˣΪ˲̽Ƿ֮ĪȾʯͷ˱ֱĶȥ·һͨ˳ͨȻҵڡ
ʵǶ㣬ĿԶ˷ڳ˼ͨùǴǸͨɢγһ޴Ķ
Ҫܼ򵥣ֻҪۻ˱ɡ
ʦھͺˣֻҪȥⶾƽ⣬ϧûǿĹصöЩˣȥͷ춾Ķ
ĪȾ㳯ӱɱķһۣںͷòƬ̱ɱˡ
ṦǿûȥɱУֱԵоͷԽĶػ۵Ĵסˣɱʵס
ZҡҡͷɣʱĶֻ࣬Խʿǵ岻жս࣬ɱۣƶҲҪˣǷźŽ˳ȥɡ
֮ǰԽöźŵֻҪ˶ĹؼϷźŽбأZ˵ûʿֻ붾ֻ軺ָܻö˱жжüң
ZзźŵĹĪȾͻȻһӳϳǽ
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ԽϲɫǾֵܾƳƶܶҩҪͽʿϾ˵
Zеͷ˵ҿӣ°ŵӸҰѲԽԽãǶʱԽãЧԽǿ
Ŷƣʿȫ裬ԽǷԸȥлͷǶЩóԵˣְZƱܶҩ
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ò˵ҩȥ֮Ȼʹ׳ֱԳҩ֮붾ûַѣεĸо˶ˬ֮ǰûñ㿪ʼȫܣкֱӱУ
ݹҩ֮ж澹ȻߣҲõĲСմƳˣ
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һ൱ӣ˴ʱ䣬Ѱ˹ؼ֮ƻȴɣֻҪдþ˻жֱʹ켫ˣ
ۺȻ̮Ͼ˸Դҹһʱɢ
ɣʮ˴ΪظҪس룬ͻȻһҼ뷢ĪȾʯͷ񣬲ƿ֮ߺʾſ£


412 

ƣػ۵ĽϽ飬Ҫ˵İʮˣŭ֮ɱ֮죡
ȻĪȾ˵ʾǰʮֶǾǿӦٶȾˣȻ붼ܹ˱󶾼ֻ˼ʹƺߡ
ĪȾſڵϣһмʿܿڣ²ɴ󺧣
Ƕ
ZһƣûǼѪҵģ
ѪϽ֮һֶľ֬ݹļ⣬ֻҪ䴩˵Ƥ⣬δ˼ҪмҲ̶ʵһּµĶ
һּʸ˶ƤſţԷС
ҲɣڵſŲܣϱ˼ǳҲǡ
Ѱʿǳð룬ֻſŵˣĪȾʯͷڣZжɿǶһһ˫ס
Ƕ
һĪȾʯͷˣϽ״ϣ͵طŽмʿϵļ֧͵µĶһյУһֶĿյ϶ֱ˦ȥ
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ĪȾ׵ͷ첱ʱֻȫë˵ֱȣôڴ֮˸֣
ĳɭɭ˼Ҷ󿪿ڣ˶ĪҲԸĶ
ͷɫ䣺ң
ĪȾǷļֱٵ۾ǰ棺ԣ
ZֹǶ̫죬о̫ʹ࣬иõĶҩܾ֮࣬
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ĵоӲоŭǸң֪˭ǴĻӣ
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ĪȾϸ˳˵ӣݡ
𣿡
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Щ⣬ֻܾϱȫ䱸ıصĪӣҵȲǣ
ĪȾˣǻӣѿĻӣҵȥӪһ˰ɣҲýдһﶼʶʶĻʵǡ
ӱⷬһŭ
ˣұ죡
ĪȾ㳤һսӵĲӱ㳯ǰȥ
ĸٶ֣ɱֵǣ
ǺʮűȺʿǵľ޴ﳤȥصӪԽٴӭ˳ĪȾŵķ²һ㵡
λǴ𣿡
ĪȾܲӵûϴɣǻӣͬǻӣΪٷ磬ȴò棿Գ̥ڵˤס
ڽʿ޲ЦֱλЦɫһƬڣֱ
ĪȾһִŶȵָ۾˶ȻҪ˵ݻϧڡˣ治Ρ
ԽϳλӣɫҲѿһλ֪ǰԺĿҴ
ĪȾǲ֪˿ԱˣҲ
ԽһָλӣҪҴţλΪʹǰҳλףͷ󵽴ǰ˵ǴķףҪСΪѡδ
Ĵѡױͻƣȴٹ֮⣬Ҫҽλ޹ڵǰȰǴôѡףҲձǣɱѡеĹ⣬ʽ
߶⣬Ż±㶨£ʽ
Ҽλü⸱ݣɶ൱ִΪĹϵӸⳡѡס
ͷһǰñˤʮã׷ʮôӵǰ̨Ϲȥãֹͷ󣬻ùЦ
ʿͷƵĴ׷Ҽþֲѣʵ̣һŭ֮ǰ֮ɱڵλӱ㲻ģ˵Ʋˣƻ֮⡭˦ȥص㿪ʼҴƣ
޲Ȼ
ĪȾֱԣøȡֵĴǹҲ磡ռȻܵҲүȥҪĴʿǵ


413 

λӴвɱңȻû꣡
Խߣɱ㣬ֵΣֹͣⳡս𣿡
ӱʵһҭ⡭ܣ
ĪȾֱӽ赽ϣƾôͬǽ
û뵽˹Ŀ㣬ȴ㲻òȻ˱ضԴԼˤõŵأӶˣʹ̧סĳС
ӣ˶Աӡ
ԽһŽ߻صϣӺ˭֮Ҵ˲ҴʿǸ
ӱߵۺ⣺ʿɱ衭
ԽãǱɱӣ
ĪȾ϶Ҫϴ̣ӾִУĪҪɱңлʿҴˣ
ĪȾݺƲ´ǣ˻ҲӣȢν⣡
Խһڽʿ޲ͣȷˣ
ø޳ܲĴ󡣡Ī˵ҴҴѰŮӣֻҲ䣡
ӱףΪ֮һԲϾҪɱݷļһʵ಻ԣ
ʮ£ôҲǻӵݣ㲻սƽϢɻЩǮչеġ
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ⱲԸı˵Ϊòϲ
սǰȥ˵Żѡԭϲĳǰȥ£Ϊ˴ֻ̼ҪɣѰ£
սˣҲò˱صĻᣬΪڸǰһֱǰ˿ȴһС﷭ܸľ
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Խͳˣûôصķ
ٹ˲κˣڹذ󣺡ʮ£ˣ͸һλᣡ
Խ˼Ƭ̣˸ͷǺãձ㽫ǰҿλԸΪ黹Ҵǳأ
˵Ѧ˴ȥкĪȾ˽˴ʣ
մȫʤȫλĹͣܽǴһĪ֣ʯλɷģս½һ򸸻Ϊλ飬λϵ
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ĪȾͻȻһ䣺ҵȻ֤Լףϴ壬׽ӣɰ»ؼǳأôǷԻؼأ


414 ϲ

ϢԽҲߡ
ĪּȻ˾Եʼգܰ;ϣӺɷ򣬼û־ݽôҲҪΪػҹڻؼӱ
νڴΪԡѪս˴Ľʿθ룿ѵĻɢĹҪֲϹˣڸǰ飿
ĪȾգգڵֲͫػص²һʣºα˶ŭԭΪǼкģ벻
Խ
˽ûѪԣûˣ£˵ԽҲûмˣ
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˵ƽ޹ʱΪϴǸĪеҪҪ֤Լ׾֤Ϊλûؼң
Ҳ֪Ǹҹ»ôıƣ
ͨѹҲͰˣ֪ˣôܣǰ㵨жΣգɻ߱
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һϽѯʣ׹ǲˣǰͷҽݣϱ㵽
ĺȫЦݣ¶Ǻ£
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ܿеһҽϴҽǰͣǰĳҲͣ
뱻ϸͷҹĽҲ첽ǰ
֣һ·Ͷ٣ȻظЪϢ£ٴ䡣
ҪУ֡
ҹĽ¶ǣӲǸϽȥưɡ
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ҹĽҽݣƹϳæǰ
ҹٽôԸ
ҹĽһƹ񣺡ҽϿڣ
ҽпǴͷԭ̫ҽԺҽϻֻصǿҽݣҲˣҽгԹƹļϵþдȨ
ƹĸϽϣ򸮵ҹٽˣҪҽ


415 ͣ

һӺͷ̽ͷԵȣҿλ
ҹĽȥֱƿӣȸҵ˿
ڿһϺҹĽŻưϽãȸλүɣơ˵űһͿȣ
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ϺЩӵؿҹĽ󼸸ɫƵĻǹưɣް
ֱӰϣ޷ϲغ£ӽ£˭ҺаԵ
ϺΪţҲٿҹĽˣеǵɫؿһ۰룬˸ơ
һϷϱá˵ϸϺȥˡ
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ûһпԲͣϺŷȥǰͷץҩȻŰѰ뵽ǰϡ
ﲻʣ
ʵصθڲãջ˯
пһҹĽɳף
΢Цͷţˣϲɡ
ҹĽɫѿ֡
нӭƵǰûҹĽüı飬ֱС
ϲҿһǲϲˣ
⻰վһԵʧ˵
ֻƬ̱΢ЦףϲλӣѾнµˣûëֻЩЩһ£ǸоֻܶϢǡ
֪뵱УҹĽɫ˲࣡
ɣӲ
ɫһҲͬ㵵̧ͷҹĽ
˵ӹ̫ܵ𣿡
ҹĽһѽҳȥ˵
뱻ʹߣسʱǰֵҹĽǰ
ٽأ
ſ׹ĪҪǶ
ҹĽߵĻҲӿǰһʱҽڽţŵõȴѰˡ
ҹĽסϸɫѿ֣˫ҧĪǰǿҳȥ˵
ŭ⣺ȷ֣Ůܲףĳɺͳ
ֱӵ˵ĹϵҹĽðɣְôڳ˵ǾǣΪò̡
ȥ˵
˽Ҳǰ취ֻõͷУȥú˵
һ˿ǳҽݣֱſİƵþ治ѣ
ҹĽֱ˰ϽΧ˸ʵֻҪͷԣϱҪžˣ
ҹĽĻҲΧ㣬ֵİֻԶԶˣ˵ʲôܡ
밲ڣۿҹĽˣ㻹ҪȢΪ檲𣿲ǺҰ鷳ŹҺ๫ȫ
ҹĽģ㣬룬Ϊ㿴ҵĳ⣿ҶκԵŮӣδй棡
ҡͷŮ֮ãճԹżĲϣֺαؿƣ
ҹĽüﲻĪȾ㣿ųܣݵͼ㣬۾Ϲ𣿡
벻ȥųֻǸֻͬͬһҸֵûôȨͶ֮ģ
ݣ㲻ͬ㲻Ͷ˸̥ҪŬݵλֿɵãôֵѣҫ
˵ңشΪ˱ҺǵļˣŻ᲻ʹðΣǰ߹أһжǰͣ
ҵȷϹʱֻٻŰ֣أ費ǱûĴ㣬ֻȫʬ³
ԣⱲ׼ĪȾ㣬ֻΪʼմһһ⣡Ī˵һٽδСүѣΪҲǲӦģ
ҹĽⷬö
룬ҳһһڷΣҵģһξҪʵĶһŮӣΪҪң
ʵʵ˵һжҵģҹĽ˵ǶҼɫ⣿˵㲻þֶοƣ˵ûмӺһ
Ҳʵ⣿˺㣬˺ҺҵļˣҲǰӣѰ󱨸Ѿܲˣ㻹һĸԸͶĻ˺
ңǻйͬĿ꣬ʰԪ㣬Ҫ׼ҸۣǸȡ߳Ϻ³֮صҹҵĶľţӺɷѣ㳹˺ǺԼѡɣ
ҹĽĬ˰ΣڰΪԥǷʱ˳˿ڡ
ҴӦȢΪޣԸⲻҪӣ
룺ʲôԻ·


416 ſ׹

Ѿ˵úˣ檵⣡
ҹĽߣϴ˵ҪΪޣԼ׿˵ģ뷴𣿡
ҪΪޣ˵㲻Ϊ檣Щ֮ǣʵ㣬ʼҶ޸㣡
˾Ȼһ䣺˵Ļľ棬ľǼ٣ֻ˼
룺ΪǵģûΪǵֱ׳ģ
ǿŤĹϲ˵ŮǧǧĴ֮ģγҲ֮ˣΪηҪһϲˣ
ҹĽֻ֪Ҹᷳ㣡
ҹĽ͵ؿһѽϡ
룬ԭúõش㣬ǷҪƲԳԷƣ
˸ߴֽʶΣг
У˵㽫Ŵ򿪣ֱָҹĽ
ſ׹
׹û°ɣ
ٽĪҪ嶯Ļֻòˣ
ҹĽԾɰŰ벻ţҹ
ûҹĽˣǸ
ɫ䣡
ҹٽ빫ȻΪ𣿡
ҵȿǵ׹ģĪҪǶ֣򵶽ֻۣ²ã
ҹĽߵĻҲγ˱УȴЩɣ֪ǷҪ֣
ҹĽüЩĻᣬͷӣһؿϣ
û뵽˺ݶҹĽֺˣʹϼݳ˼£ͷöƤ̧˫۷ת롣
㡭飡
ɫûҶ㱾飡
ҹĽƢᣬռǿòκζŪ֣Ūˣʵϧ
ԣ¶Լֵ飬ݣҲΪûܽԼշ֪Լǿʹ˲ʹЩ֮ߣԵĵ
ЩϲԼҲĨԼԼеҲٶһ˲øУ
ҹĽȻĿ˼֡
룬ĪҪΪұŹ㣬ܣ
ʹǸӣˤڣһ˴˳⣬Ȼغ򸮣Ҳܣ
ӦǣˣŵΧ˹ȥӵֽҽݡ
ֳܿǰȥҲصϣһ壬ų⼸лŶлλ磡
ҲѾڳԱ߱߻ĻӦõģ׹ܾˡ
ζЦһʵͦãҲҪ˺
ЩǣﵱҪȥ𣿡
üȻأҹٽͬǲȥ˵ȥȥأҪи֮أҽңסҲ˵ùȥ
ǻһֵۣﲻص޴סԼĵ̣˵ĴʱΪ
ûֻҪҪ㵱ٽ˴Ҳǲµģ
뵱Ȼ֪ĵ̣۵λẦ򸮣ǣǵĿ֮һȥ·ǣܹŶ룿
Ҫлλĺˣȥ򸮿ٽҪƻң뿪Ҳ٣
ʵҲȥȥʲôĿƽڸõİ취ǳµͬʱھѰһʵĵطԼһլԺǲ
ǰͷԪ񼣬֪ŷ˺£
ȥ̽һ£ɰô໤Χţ˿
Խǲ֪ʲô£ԽǺ棬뻹ȥҽݣֵ˺ҹĽ˲
СĪûв͸ǽ֪˺²ѣȻص򸮣˽Ҹһ±ˡ
ֵĻð֮ģ˶ӣǲʣ˸֮Ǹ£˴ˡ
̽ҲЩô
ǣ
ԪֵǸȳӿɶˣ
ֲм͵ŮֻҪЩǮƶѣǲŻǵ᲻ǧӡ
ԪЦø֪ĶҸּۻۣҲǷõǮ
ֱĵػصû۽Ұ帾Լɶ˲õǴС㿴СʶлܽȥĻ᣿
ԪҲ֪뵽ʲôͻȻп
˵үŮˣǲζⶼ⣿
ֵͷС£լʺ񣬱ǸǱΣò˳Ӧѡ
Ԫ㿴˿Լ˫֣ȳӣҲҵ֣˵ɾԼģ¿ɹֲͷϣ


417 Ů֮ս

ֵ͹ֲôС㣬˭벻ϹԹĻѰ·ү飬ԴУ
ֻϧǰһ㣬ֻƤӣȴֻһ·СδҪںм֧š
ԪԹ̾˿ɾ飬һϲģղϣΪηҪһ
һгڻص˺򸮣뱻ԺһСԺҲŽ˺򸮣һԺӣ쿴һ飬ûΣղ³
һϳˣǰסĵطԪסֻһС԰һţԺġ
ӣǰϤľ벻غ˫ۡ
˶յԲֱӷң뿴ſĴ齣뵽ԼǰһŴϣ³ɺһӿͷ嶼̲ס΢΢
Ͻ齱£ˣǾ䣬ͻȻ
ǿѹͷǣ㲻õģһͺˡ
Ǿĵطʲô£סʱж԰׼ЩЫʲôҲݣ
Ӱ˵ȥЩҾҪȥаݷá
·ϱ㽻˸ûٶʣݹƱϽŰȥˡ
뱾ΪػԼἤܾãʵȻûʱ㿪ʼǶСֵģʱһ̧ӣ뵽ĳһֱŮģЦݣҲȻʡ
ҲǰһججֻΪȷѡ
δҹĽȻˣɫؽӣߵȫ䱸ظ˽
ٽ˽׹뷿ǲðɣ
ҹĽ俴һۣҼңѲһҪܣ
صǺûɼȻ׹סڴ˼䣬ٽӦأ
ҹĽм͵סǷҲҪȰ˵£
ȥǲᣡΪ²ʧ֮£
ҹĽŭɫ˲ĪҪǵߵ˱ţҺôҲǻ׷Ľ·ϣѵ㲻ʧ𣿡
ֵҶʧ֮ΣֻҪٽأҶǲ
ҹĽǿͷŭֻЩҪ׹̸һԱǣ
˼˵ĶԻ˳
кҪ̸
ҹĽԸ
Щţ棿ĳ⣿
ҹĻָָ̌δ˵ؿڣƾңȴ㣬ҵĳ⣡
ɹЦһֻ²Һ๫ǩǷݺңұĳ⡣
ҹĽߣȰ㲻Ҫôߣ룬ֻ˵û˵ӦԼֻ밴⣬ʰ˰Ԫ㣬˵¡
룺
һ·͸ҵЩʳ㶼˿ˣ⣿
ҹĽ˫ֱصûУֱ컹
ͷĲԶ֣ǾֻܵǮѿж׽ǵİѱˡ
ҹĽ£ȴֺǿյġ
ô춼ûֻ̺һ͸ǲðɣҸ㰲ż˹̺򡣡
ܾأиһ˾͹ˣҲϲһȺ˵ע֮£ο˶ҲʹǮѿ֣Ҳ̫ðɣ
ҹĽ߰˻кܶסһܶסнѾߺŮ
ɲԼΣյУϾҹĽѾ˺ͬһͷʱ׼˵ǣ
ҹĽü²Ǿ͵ŮȦ˵˵˵Ҫôʰ׼ң
ص㲻ùˣֻ򸮺լ߶ɣȻԸæ
ҹĽЩ죺ֻˣ
üҲʶʶŮ֮սж£
شҹĽΪȴЩ棬뿴ҪôԼʶŮ֮սж£
üסĪҪˣôУҶлԼҲ
ʰ˰Ԫһң֮λһж֮ǰҪ⣬Ҷĳݣ
ҹĽ֪νʰ׼ʰ֪԰ĺԶԪһˣ
ΪֻҪаλ׵ĸĸ֮ĻԼͲϣֻǿϧ벢Ϊɱĸˡ


418 Ϣ

ЪϢһҹڶһȥ˰ԪȻϣԪӸջظҹĽȫ밲ˡ
뵽һ뼸λҿ׵İԪΪ죬ȴûֳǷЦȥС֡
磬ԭ㻹ȥأŸյУôоʵĵطôȱٵģֱͬ˵øá
һϲɫİ㣬ã
ԪӪԼͬ׽ļЦݸ˼ֵ֣ؿ롣
Ҷ˱׽ãԵһ̷ɾɾǰϲ㣬㣬ȻҪЩǣ
ҲһļЦǿллˣ
ȰԪ㻹ط֮λԼվߣڳһرǵ̬
ѽ㣬ٽȻôҰҽһ°ɣպҵͷ̧ͷģǲʶö಻˼
ԪŴҹĽû뵽Ȼһ򸮵ӣʵ˸㲻ôģ
Ϊñ˶ް裬ҲֵϣʼҹĽļҺλˡ
˵ǣǽһ̷ɾӦϤһ²Ŷԡ
ұһһ£ã룬ǶЩֱӺְɡ
˴λʡףɾżȻõĻò˱һģ
һ˵¿ɾ谮ĸαǿɵôõ۸
˵ûʽţɾ֮㽫ȴظˣϲԺٰ졣
ҹĽļɫ죬ȫϸ˰һòϣȷǸѵһӡ
˵Ƨİװأȴһϸ塢ۣ֬ܽؽݹˣ欣һӺϢ
ҲѹɾһģŮӴۿȥȻö
Ԫ㽫˵Ĳͼʾ۵ףȴǲ¶ɫּܱˣֱΨһһͬһϵŮӡ
λɾĶˣ㣬ԽӣҲԳ㡣
ȽܵɾǶвλ˶ҹĽȥװ֮ǰľ㡣
ý黭ͨҪţ׿㳯ԪϣֳҲҪְһֱǰԪΪɵĴڣ
ҲΪĳ֣ӵԼĵλԲŻᴦĻҪѰŪ踹ӣùĵλϾĸҹĽһֱϥ¿տգֻҪµӣԿɱӵĵλҡ
ֻϧתת꣬òˣȴǰɽ󣬲ˣһ޺ͼɻ䣬İ뻵£Ҳͷȥԣ
ԪҪõļƲ߱ɱԽլŮǰ˵Ϊܳ裬Խܽޣ
ƺûвģǰ㸣һ
㣬Ȼ棬Ҵ˵ò绨ٽԭһţһȻǳúÿ
⻰һڰԪϵļЦ뽩ס
ԪϽԲӣﶼãǲ˵Ҳ´þˣ˶ôǡ
˵ģУԲŻɾ
ãĪҪͬһʶѽСſھ˵ӣӽý
ҲΪˣɾŸϲϲ澢
һԪؼҿ϶ͬ׽֮˵Լĺûλֵ˰ԪһҲͬΪЩ֮˺ƤҲЦЦ
޷ҵòŽɫպǽҪ֮ˡ
ԪڳһȻҲãɾղͣżһҲΪοΪ򸮿֦ɢҶôҪ˭ܽɾЩģΪãǿǴһ
˼ǹȻά룬ֻܺҹĽȥҪĺӡ
λ⻰ɸӲˣ˵ҲܹЩ裬˻ӣǿϧ˭Ҳûܸҹá
ҹĽѾˣؼ豾ѣԪ㾹Ȼִô꾫˾Ҫǵĺ·
Щ˵ΪĴԼ㣬ԭ裬ֻҪҹĽ˼һֱϣȻܵһºӣҹүУֻҪһٵӣ²˳Ԫƽƽ
ϧԪʵգ֪ԼȻؼôֻ꾫ðºӣǽԼгͷ֮


419 Ҫÿ

ЦпЩ˼ŮǣǱһź˽һ治֪ӹȥԼΪʲôϲ
Ԫһһ˼ңʵܣĸʶǵƢԺ㡣
ֻǰôãԪΪ˸õ罫˵ұ¶˵˸ʤ
ʵչĲҹĽеŮˣЩͨ澣Ҳʱ˯ģΪҵֶûУֻĬĬత
ò˵ҹĽǸˣֻԼЩŮӵˡ
չðԪܣΪ˺һ壬ȥݷЩҹĽĺ󹬡
ʱ밲ϣԪ㲢ܷԴӶ˵ҹĽѾСȫûԼԺԷɢʱԪȴס˰롣
ãһ÷ɣ
վ½ŲϰԪӪ׽ļֱ˶ˣϵЦݡ
˵һֺüƲ߰
Ԫ죺ǴӺ˵𣿡
ͣǰ̧ң˵ܽĳ裬ĳޣ
Ԫ澪ãң۸㣬Բ̧ɾĳ谮ɾ㣬ĸ۸㣿
ǽ˺򸮣ԵͬŶԣ㿴һģĸǱ湧裿
ʱ㲻Ѳɻܻ
ô˵ǶհףͬѪãҺãǰ׼Һã
ԣǰǵȻҪšһɾŶԣ㲻֮أ
԰Ԫ񶾵һȴ˷ѿࡣ
˻һ죬ô˵˶ˣҲؼϷʵ˵ķҿɲҳԣǣ
ѻ˵ߣߣ⻹Ⱥ򣬰ԪǲǿŰԺӣҧݣ
̫ãҪÿ
ʵû뵽ҹĽݰ룬һӣȻִ⽫˸˵СӻӣĪȾģҹĽȴĳԵҪȢ
̫ɺˣԼǱ˼Ӻӣͱ˰ٰ뱻˯üֻ꣬ΪòҹĽͶݣʵǸòȡˡıɣ
ָߵС㣬ǮѿѾӦˣֻһʵĻᣬȻߣźö֡
Ԫǿѹͷ죬룺᣿ձǺүٳõĻ᣿
ֵͷһնȻڶ࣬ʱ֣
Ԫֺ֮ɫĪҪ˽ι϶о͵һҪҹĽպͬһʱ֣źý鶼Ƶϣ
ֽӦǣСģҶͬ˵ϸˣǲҪǧӲŮӼΪ̰ƣȻ
Ԫ㳤˿ȣɹֲҡ
صԼס˶ٿɿڵ緹ȻǰձõȥݷҹŮ졣
һ㣬ŮһʱûٸʹӣԼĵֱӶĳ谮ԼҲǸԼһˣ
㲻ʹѾ뾮һļͣҪԼΪİ̥ҩֽţ㱻ҹĽˡ
ʱ㲻֪Լᱻ޶ǰԪĶΪľǸ鷳ΣýһδξˮãԼм㡣
ʱ֪飬رмԪ㣬ôõάȴû뵽ǸŮˣ
ߵĸڲͣĪҪ侲Բߡ
Բ߻ûͷͨˣ븮İСӹˡ
΢ЦؽӣɨһۣüȻɣѹֽ˵ٽƫģ⸮õĶ㣬ӶûõĴ
ü˵⻰ô˼
ԹԵֿ˿ϵĹ̡
ûʲô˼ֻҲˣ㣬õĳҲǰ׼Ұ֣֪ҽΪ򸮵Ĵӣ
߲ƣ䱸ˣʵΪΣѵΪĸĸ𣿡
ЦֻһҪĵȻΪǰ׼Ǯ˵ףҴ󲮲ֻǸҵȴǰװص׸
ֻҹĳҲٲҪ׼ҵǮأôҪ֧ţҽ㵱Ȼ⸮еĴ֮λ
ǳ˳飺ΪҪͬ˵Щ


420 С

ڳһİۿ
ȻҴҹģͬ˵ˣ븮֮ʵţ˰ռٽҲУλãҾú֪֪ôҲܶҡҴĵλ
ŵؿŰ롣
㡭ǹҵģ
ǵ°ͣΣĪҪΪǾдٱ˲Ҵ˵ˣǼҪᣬӲҪ˵ʲô治֪
ٽ㣬ﲻôأڸԹԵĵ⣬ʵĶǰ׼ҵǮ
ҴﲻһС俴ԼòٽĵĵУ̫Цˣ˵ǲ㣬ҳñһ򱶣
Ҵǹٽذ׼ȥҵģȻٽһұϡӹ֬׷ˡ
Ҵ㻹˵ˣǺÿʵƤر֣ӻġĪϸƣǷѽ
Ѿûˣû˸˵
ִŭָ롣
СȻͬ˵ȻǸϲ̨Ұã㲻𱰣Ͻ¸ϴ
ϸһۣǰøûٸ⺦
㲻Ұø㶮𱰣ΪλҶײңҹѵ˵λ󣿡
һҭŭˣ룬ĪҪŰԪţôλǶˣ㲻ֻһҶѣ˵·ϣʱԷ㣬οֻ¹ϴ
볰ŪЦӴҪͲסӷˣԭ˵黭ͨΪĺȻҲǲģû뵽û
ϧǷ䲻ˣҴ˵ˣһûʽţֻǴӴ͵ӣ˵㼸ôˣƾôҰҸ¹ϴǳ˵Σ
Ҵ㾹Ȼ㵱Ķ֣˵صı£˺תοɺޣռҴʧǰ㱾°ٽŲϲСǼأ
ǵ£߰ɣȥˣˣѺ˸˵ƻǰôû
ԹԵر˵߰ȥͶ˵ѹ
ֱӷϣҴһת׷ȥˡ
ʵòᣡ
Ȼ˵᣿ƨҵӳҪְֻǲѣ
һڣĪ˷Ǹ֪ôǱԪߥģ
㻹汻ˣôҲû뵽һҾҹȻǰջؿϸź첼̣ͷô
ƿ첼˿еĴͭһ̶׹һǰԪѡĶ㾵ӣԼıǲģ
ŭɨϣ֮˵ǰԪЦ
ֻǱ΢΢ЩСһʵϸ֮˶ˣһģһ
Щ˰Ԫۣıëӣȴġ
һֱߣսȻӦֻ֪ǰԪ߰ģŮ̼
ĪҪΪֱʹ֪ˣӲֵã
һַ˿˵öԣ˾Ǹҵȥ֪ԼԼˣ
ҲЦɲȻ԰Ǯʵ
ɫ׼һ£Ҫң¸ˣʶõ̾ĶУԪ㲻żǮҹ˴֮λ
Ǳƣǰ׼ұɽϴһգộ
ֵͷһظð֣֮⸮ȽŸ֪ģ
㽥ƽڱӵĲ죬ɫҲ
Ƿˣݰֵ˷ѹúû׼ܸ⵹Ԫ㣬ȱ⸮мԪ̨ȥɣǶԸ׼Ҫǵĺ̨ǻô⣿
ɣǹģŮҹЩŮ˽ìͷͺתذԪϣܸ׼鷳ֶΪ
ҲܹĵϾһʵʵͷһҹû˻뵽Ѿ˽˵ʹźߡ
˾׼ش̼ˣֻ˵һһܰԪߥޣټһһҴ˵ֵ൱ûԣû˻ỳڲԪֻ̨ᵱ̫ԪģȴΪִţ¶Ԫ㣡
οҹð׼ҵĲҲǲʵƾҹүһ֮λٺ»ޣ֧źݳ޵


421 һ

ȥֱַȥӵ
վһģʽֺȻٹ̸й¶ԪͼǾµ֮ǰ˭ҲȵҹĽĺӣ
Ȼˣó⡣
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422 

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ү˳ˣзִ磬ҲĪҪҪҪϽȥɡ
Ӳ˳ȥүȥаԪʻ
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423 аԵ

ŸǰȥүˣȻֱӽУȻλʮŮǳǳʩһ
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Ȼһλү˱㿴ĳŮٰ㲻˳ֻۣǳ򵥵˸򸣣ϰϲıҲûУЩͷģһлС
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νؿü۵ģ˲ӭңǲͬӺ˵˵߱ˡ
үΪҹĽ谮Լ˸ӻðɣ
ðΪĽ㣬Ȣ㲻ɣкаԵˣ룬㲻ǰ׼һŮĪҪΪĽ㣬㶨Ȼܷ֦ͷˣûҽ̣ûصĶޱ޵ģ
踸ĸ֮ý֮ԣֻҪҲӦٳҲͽͣ
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424 ó

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425 ޶˷Ц

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⻻˱ܣ׹ƬطλʹΰõˣҸⰲǶգкü԰ֿ÷ϧ²ھУܴȥĵطתת
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426 

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429 Ǯ

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430 ﷭

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431 ˷۱

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ԪŴֻǶ˲΢΢һݾ֡
̾үǶСģ벻뾹ҲͬˣװңͬĪĺ룬һôأʵҲˡ
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ЦСĪҪŭҹóɺ£ֻҪ˳ܰҹδŮˣٿϼա
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Ԫͷţã¹ش󣬾Բ˿ʵİѱǮѿؿסзڵĻᡣ
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Ԫ֧ͷЩ㲻֪ҵģϲġ
Σ֪仨飬ˮ⣬Сֺοࣿ
ԪЦԼԽòԽоɣҵЩĽϲվǵˡҲòԩ
ҹĽ⻰Ȼоԩ
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433 Ϊ

ת۱ʮչȥ˼֣ͬҹĽһģʽȥ밲
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ǶΪˣһ벶ȸں󣬹ȻƯ

빰ֻ񣺡ޣޣֻԳ߹صӶȻ࣬ܶΪǱ߳ＯЩãǷҲΪһһ»ʳ
˼ȻҪٵǮã壡
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ҹĽҷһ룬


434 һ

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435 Ӫ

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436 ô

ʯͷسɵˣԭΪܰŶɱϸǴ˿̣ΧɱһŵĽʿǣ֪ĸɱĸֲɱ
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ðߣֵǣüԶľ룬ʲô⼸ܱԼ


437 ͻ

ҹĽƺĵģܱȶվͷǿοߣôš
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۽飬ſЦҹĽ߻٣ǰŮǮѿŤס
ŮѾɱȥˣСĻŰ롣
ŮԱһĻŵþŹԶµǣ
ҹүҲû뵽֮ϻ״ŭİ󵨼澣ҹȻڴд̣˵˭ָʹģ
ǮѿӲػصû˭ָʹңҾҪɱ˰СˣҾ͸оģ
ҹĽĿؿΪӲұ鲻ĻǮѿҸһλᣬгʹ֮ˣҿԷһУվ㳢ǧеζ


438 

ҹĽ˶ΪŶס˵İԪ㣬Ǯѿ׽УֻҪָ֤ʹŮ˾ͳˣ
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ǮѿԾҧϳʹҹĽ£˶Ϥһе䣬ģ
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жж
˵꣬ͷһ㳹˹ȥ
ҹĽûϵԪ㾹Ȼĺϻι˶ǷҪأ
ۼԹȥæǮѿֽ˷뻳С
룡룡㲻
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˱Ű볯Żʹɱȥںͷ׷ɸ׷Ṧĸ֣ûһ㲻Ӱֱ֪롣
ҹĽҲ˲ǮѿˣҲˣÿ˶סԼֱǣȥ׷
˼žȰܵýһ죬ֱʹǰ׷ǣҹĽ˽ϳȥóƸŽŴҴҽ˹ֱ̫ҽԺ
̫ҽԺڼҽȷ֮ʮָӣȴΪԵٽ˶ص÷ͬԵҩ֮࿹Ҳͽˣɴ˷е弫Ϊ㲻ñ̥δȵ̥
оǽΪİ취ȿסڶأȻĺͻѪķӣһһ㽫Ҳб׶ˣҪʱճоҪҵõѪϣȻû취ɾ
ǶΪҹĽģҪ⡣
ҹĽܺӵ޲̥û˸ã
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ʹҹĽغ򸮣Ȼͬ⣬ָŲ˰Լоֱ˷ָ
ҹĽƺҲֱͦԵʱֻǷ֮٣治Ϊ֮
㲻˰׹ٽΪδ׹ϣҵ㽫˴ߣ
û׹ҲȻͬߣҹٽʵ̫ˣȵ»ηŭ
ҹĽü˵˲⣬ֺαͱˣ׹ԼѶǻʱ
㲻á
ôԼѶţ׹ֻͬϷ㾾ԪİѱѾóˣʱ
׹Ѿˣ㻹ɻ飿Ī˵ܴӦǵҲǾԲʵģ
ҹĽҲλҪִԵˣ
Ȼ򣺡ˣǣ˶ͬо
ٽǲǱȥ˰ɣ
ǰѻ˵ֱ꣬ķȥ
ҹĽǶ˶֣˵׷Ƿ߱ڵܷ׷ϣҲû취ԽֻȻҹҰʮڶѣβȴ˰Ԫ˵
صǰԶԶȹϵϰǰǻϽǰ
ٽҼҷأ
Ҳ
ҹĽֱԣǵ˴ȥˣϽȥɡ
ǺŮŻȥˣҹĽɫؽ˸ֱլȥ
үɽ
ڹĻصδүѾ˺լеıͣǽǮѿ͸Ů춼˺լڣֻ䡣
ҹĽʣԪηӦ


439 ˷

ǻңְŵǰȥڣǴסˣҪǵɲֹǮѿһ֤ˡ
ҹĽƴã
һ˻صլ͹ȻѾɢȥֻºլһŮԼˣʮսŵغУȻΪ
ײҹүӰҹĽ׹æǲһֱģֻкүɫصϯϡ
ү˵ɫûкͻ֡
ˣֵģúõ綼ˣ㸸׷ǳϲ£Щ۵Ķ޷죬ҵףúεĵط
ҹĽȻ֪λĸѾµ˭˵죬ְڽյ޷˽˽ᣬͷȻأǣԼ
ǮѿδУҹĽ˽ãȻǲñ¶ǰҪıʡ
Ǯѿϡ
Ů˼ôöûҹԼҲЩˣҵһȦҹĽĿ⣬ɪɪ
ҹĽʣ˭ָʹɱңô죬ûǲУΪκβ𣿡
ǮѿѵʿˮĿԪ㣬ǶϯǰϺް㲨Ӳ֪Ǻã
ҹĽֱ򣡡
˵һһǳǮѿϣȫһ飬ʹгûһ޳ȥֺ飬޹֮һԵѪۣһ
ǮѿһضǱӣһ߿캰صĿԪ㡣
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ȻǮѿʮӱŲסˣŮ˿޺ҹĽ
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ҹдӵλã㻹װУƭˣȻһ֪ﱧðҵĺӣý̳ҹټļҵǰ׼ҵ˼Ȯ죡
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Ԫ𾪵ؿ˸һƬ֣̿㡭ܣˣûе¡
ҹĽŻ˸ƣ˶
ǸִڵŮУͬǰȥڵļҶԼһЩǰ֤͡
Ů֪ȻҪĿڣѾ߲ѣϵ½ָʹ֮˵˸һ
ҹĽ֣֣֤ڣ㻹𣿡
ɫͨһ˵ϡ
үһжģȫţֻŴСʧʵвʣʵ⣬ǽᷢޣȴҲûУʵǿȥԲŸ˺ʹСô⣡
ǴСĴȫΪһжģҪɱҪֻܳɡ
ҹĽеϸһ
µ㻹ΪҹĽ꺢˺ƭ㲻һˣǰ׼û˼ƾҲ˷ˣֱЦ
˾ͺãԪ㣬ŵ˶ˣ㻹ôƱ磿
ԪȻһɣ̱˵ϡ


440 ҧ

ɾ֮̾磬Ȼɱ㣬ƾ㴦ðɣҲѾܹˣҲãվ᲻ԼøΪʹ졣
ҹĽ㲻ΪԴмЦԪ㣬ͷҳϷ㰹֮ˣٲȡͬ𣿡
Ԫ˫ͨرЦ㲻ͬңˣΪԼòƶôϲİ붼ôźģһ֪ˣ
ҹĽɫһ䣬ָ̧ǮѿԪ㣬ǸԼþֻ֪պ㣬뻨¥˸ǰ룬
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ٽӦͿҲķϣʰķϣŹҰɡ
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ҹĽЦû뵽ɣһĺŰ룬ΪΪ㱻˻¥㰹ӣ㣡
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ˣҲϻˣǮѿһȥ븮еΣһ͵ŷ䡣
ǮѿԴʧɫæҵҪҹĽȥ
ɣɰٽҲҪͬŮ˹صһӦһҪ˵㻰
ҹĽҲûһۣǮѿвԱУҪǿԼɡ
ԪĿѵشЦлɾѩ޵Ļᣡ
˱һȥżعؿ󣺡үͬСһȥɣˣ
ҹĽߣûΪŰ˻ˣȥҹЩļūҺ򸮺ʱȻ಻֪ĶȻȫǾͳȫǣһ֮
˺Ů쵨սľؿŻǽ˶ȥͷܿ촫ĲҽУûʱָȻֹ
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ҹĽĿɭɨˣڡ
ȥһƬţš
˰κү˲ų̾벻Ԫ㾹Ȼ֣Ǵˡ
㣬˺Ϳ
ģǰ׼ҳ׶Ͼ㲻֪ôݲҪҲգ
δֻȥؽߡ
ҹĽ֣лҲ׼ҹԼҹҵһƬġ
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֮ǶˣĪҪһľЩΪǵСƣҹɲƵĵط˲Щļūǵ³ȥúɣ
Ů˺ܿˣظȫԼûоⳡ·ǣҹĽ˼죬ҹĽ飬һƺįĻ䣬ȴҲеģƩ㡣
ԪӺҹĽɣ˰룬λŮ˶ˣɾͳҹĽΨһҷˣ
ϧǰ׼ǱǮ٣Ȼ˷ǲŽдȫʤأ
ֵĻֻǲмͣǮƲ֮ֻҪץɾӣĵλò𣿡
޵Ȼǹο׼Ҳ̫ˣСţΪжĲû뵽ֻʮѡ
ٶͳȻãвǮҲŲţʵЦҺˣĻÿ
Ц׼ÿ˼ûԸˣϺȣԼˡ
ߵãԪ㴿ɻɾͬǸ¥ļһ𣬻֪˻һ
ʵȷˣԪǮѿһҹĵΣûŮ˱
ԪĺǮѿ񸾣ȻΪӣۣҹĽٰ
ǮѿܸıΪ˻ŮҲǼΪĵģˣ˱סԷһһĲɱ
̾ΪֹҰް˻ʵͷƤ飬Ͻˡ
ڶһǰȥˣǰʵ󡭡


441 ˯

ҹĽҲЩţľȻǰԪ㣿
滤ΣȻһƬѪȣԪڳʪĵϣ˫ŭţлҧŰƬ䣬˫ָץһͷǲһ˿ڣǱҧ˺һ̯˵Ѫ
Ǯѿڽ˺˲ȫѪۣ˫һֵˡ
ҪɱңҪɱҡ
˰ģҹĽüҵС͹ٰɡ
ǣӵʬδã
ҹĽߣƾҲҹĽĴӣӵɽιҰ
Ԫʬ׺ܿ챻ϳΣϹʱҹĽɨһۣö˫Թ޺Ͳʵ۾һ顭
ʶԼȻ񸾵ʬŵˣŭսʮֵָ۾ʬΣ
Ȼǣ
һչȥҹĽԭĴ֮գҹȴް㶯Ҳûʽ·ϲ򴫳ϢҹүҪһ߹أҲȻ򣬴ΪҪԭҹϲ±㲻ˡ
ʵҹĽҪⳡϲ£ȴΣԾûѣ˱ܱţȥ̽ѣҪ˵ס
ʱȻĴȥˣο߹ظϢ˵ĪȾȷʵԽҲΪûҩ࿹һµʱ䡣
ԻϲżǸǰȥԮҪһٽˣռǼǳأҲ̸֮УԽĽҩ
ϢھͽȢˣֻҪԽҲûˣպ󲻻ԹԸԼ
ο˿Ǹ˶ĴʱֻҪ߹أԽĻȨգǿɾͲֹǴܴôˡ
ҹڽܹĵ׼֮£֮У·ŨǰУҴ壬ЦججҲ֪˶ãֱһغ
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ӣΪӦһúõĻſ۾һӣΪûʳԡ
ĪȾͷһϲȴôŲ۾˫żسķץȥȴֻץһѿա
Ҳ˸еֱһֲֻڿĴס
ˣ˿ˣҪҪЩˮ
ſ˫ۣʶİʮԻоΪİ
Ķ𣿡
־ϲػ᣿˼࣬ǲģȿˮɣôЩʱգɤӶˡ
ȷʵоڸȫѰɸſϣһˮԻһЩ
Ķûӡ󣿡
ʵصˣ㱻Ǯѿо綾ߵǽ͵˹Ρ
Ϊ˱ס̫ҽǸЩҩⶾҩ˻ʮʹ̫࣬ҽָЩķӣһֱ˯ţźüЩʹࡣ
µҹٽٶԱ㽫ӻ˸С
Ѿ˯ˣ¸оΣɻвʵĵطܵǻҪЩҩ˯˯ųɡ
ҡͷֻǸоرۣอЩ΢ʹܿסɲ˯ˡ๫أǷˣҡ
΢㵣Īүû²ΰɣ
һʧλ˵߹սΣ
ҡͷЩʱֻտˣҲµļҳ£ӦֻöŲǣүӣΪǲŵģҲû˵߹Σ
Ͻ֣Ҫȥ
ҹĽ˵Ļʼڻ¹ܷģ
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ڷֲԣǼټ鷿߰޶֮ȫЩܹż鰸ıڵ黭ԽױʣּپţǸּΪвŵļһ
ɶǣȻԽľӴѹֻһȺҴʡ
鰸ȥͷк˻С
ˣ޲ϲһſڡ
׹оΣǷѾ޴ˣ
Ҳһ񣺡лλ֮лᣬһӱر
æ֣ﲻ˵·ԸҪȫ¶ҵʧְҶް治֪Ҫ½
ֵҪлλֻǲ֪±߹սΣǷѾȫʤʦسˣ๫ðɣǸԩǷ⣬ʱܻؼң


442 һ

ʣλͻȻЩ䡣
뿴飬ͷӲλ磬˵
˰βſڻػ
׹ʵѾʧȥʱдϢ߹ƺЩ⣬ҹүҹٽ׼ǰȥԮ
ʧɫվʲô߹ص⣿˵Ķģ
Ϊѹصͷֻǳô״ûǵϢ
Ѿһ붼߾ȥ̽ϢˣΪ˰׹İȫҲȥ
æڣǾȥɣһ뾩һذװأȥ๫ؼң
˵ҪذװأҲʵȥ߹ذæǱû
ֻǰ׹ܵס𣿡
빬ҽٰһưɣ
Ҳİ壺ҲһʱƬ̣ҽٸһ°ɣްٻȥ
ȻļȴҲñӣϾźأԼҲΪ룬ðκβҪķա
ǻصǾͶλȥҽưɡ
Ҵҳȥҽˡ
ҽ뿴˵ͷҡҡͷĪ
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ҽ̾˿ⶾѾ󰭣ֻǡ
뱻ֹģһֻʲô̫ҽֻ˵
ҽʵԸ棺ֻȻǼ൱ϣⶾⶾҩȫ̥һ̥Ǳסˡ
һ̧϶ӣô
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ҽ
ҲھΣ׹ˣڰǶò׽ˣӻ飬ĪҪŭ
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ҽΪ޿κΣⲻǮ⣬Ѿ̥֮Уʱס⺢Ҳƽ˵䲻ĻҲȻǶ裬ʱǰ
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ҽֻøһֽ̥ķӣֵ˷ݱﲻ̥̥Ըס˹︹Уǻ鷳ҪҪҩϸá
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ҽҡͷⶾʱ̥Ҳǻƺ⣬һֱƽ⣬ƽ£ҩȥǶأ˴ƽ⣬Ҫ
ԣֻܱסӿ̥䣬̥ǷûҪ
룺
ɶİԪ㣬ɶǮѿиɺ޵ҹĽȫǺԼĺӣ
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뵽ZУҽ֮Ǹöĸ֣ҽû취Ҳû취ֻҪ˻ˣĺһû£
ʵڲɵĻֱȥ߹أ֤ĪȾƽ£˳ⶾֶΪ
һסˣȥҩҽȥĹѾʰ˰ͷ˻к
Ҫͼλ籸Ͽڱ
û뵽Ȼļһ룬ߣҪҹԼյظ·Ҳطǵȵٳ
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ҹĽҲûŭֻ׹еģضλҲϢҸձҪλи㣬Ҽ׹һ棬䡣


443 Զ

ع˹֣ǾٽԸڴɣҵȻҪ£ˡ㣡
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ﲢδҹĽֵ㣬ԪǮѿҲͽŴΣҶʰˡ
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ҹĽ֪̾ңʱ·ͻȻұΪǮѿһҪ㣬ŷһѣ㿪ȻҪң˷˵㡭
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ĲǳҪ㵲ֻԼֲôӦҲ̫ڱ׾ԴҲ𣡿Ҳ֪˵ôûãһһúֲ㡣
ҾҪ븸һˣǰһҪûУں˵£վüİɣţһҶģǰ㲻
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Ҷ׹Ｊ࣬ٶ໨Ҳˣ
ҹĽûǲֵ߹شңйƶҸұҪǰȥ跨Ϊ»ȡҩ
ĪȾȷȻ룬㶨ҪԼĪҪô嶯֮£һȢΪޣ
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ҹĽȷʵ⣬ĳֻмͣ˼ʮֲĽ˲
γа㶯ҲûУһ治ǰ룬ĸңðͽ¶ˣ
еȴҲ˵ﲻǰ룬·һģ㲻ûǶ壿Ҫڻǰһ
ǵ˴̣ǻϸ⻻ǰ߹أ׵ȴĻ¾ûˡڹϻ治çײ¡
Ϊ˳õıֻѹͷ嶯οԼܲ˵ģֺαؼһʱƬ̣οԼģã
Զɣ˼̽Ĵ㣬̾˿㲻ǻڹңˣշ游׳һͬúý͡룬أ
ҹĽѻ˵ֵֶ꣬׹λˣǣ
ֱתͷ뿪ųһͷȴӵĪȾİΣ޲ܲϳϷɵ߹ȥ֤ʵ˰Ȼ
ΪҹҸĴϣ·У;мյأȫûߣͳͳƹصװʱɶ໨˲ٵʱ䡣
ڻص˼ңݶһ߹һϰṦֱӴݶϷ˵Ļ
ףɻˣӺ
뱧ŶһڣҲ㣡ֳˣҲˣ´οɲçײͷҵô죿
СӲ˼ͷţˣ׿ȥɣҪ۵
˶յɸ˼֣ʱ̵Ķĺӣ治ţⱦֽʵ˲٣ͦصģֻð˷ŵϡ
ǻóţȥѸүүСùǶҪͬ顣
˵ҪߣСһ᣺ŸջǿɲԴһŰڹûԱˡ
Ц˸ͷúӣкЩ˱Ҫ㣬ɼùǺҪԣǹԹڼУǲǰ׵Ĵæ
СȻ˵Ϊѵص˵ͷǺðɣףġ
ͷһᣬ뵽ĪȾĻΪȫӵġ
ĶС򣺡ȥɣȥˣǰкš
Ϊյ߹أ㽻һ±·
ĳ׺ͷ˵ԾǻˣӺԺ˹ûű㿪ʼ£
ɹŮӦϷľζأӴιôһǲ·˰ɣϷĶǲǶˡ
һӭǰүӸһ
ɵĪҪһùڴæûϸʳҲѹòʱǱᵽȥˣʱʲôʲô
ĳͷĲ˵غһۣ˵㻰㲻ҹŮˣڿʼ㽵һֻϷŮ
룺


444 ȻǸˣ

׺ͷȡ֣үڼ£ݶ̫ʱȻһ뵽˹ڱݵ⡣
˰ѾͷɹŮǸһһСӰѸɹŮȢȥˣǹ游
ɣ̫ѽ⣬ԣǴͷıȽһЩ
ǺʹӸɹŮŮˡ
벻֪ԵɣֻͷͯһҲνԼүүҲˣŮŮɡ
ֻҪϸˣŮҲɣóԵպٲģһҪæһôӦ
ĳͷ֣Ůɣֲˣ
УǾŮ鷳ٶտһЩʱգҪ⼸λȥ˱߹ء
׺ͷһǴӱлعȥ߹
ֱԣ˵߹سЩ״λͬʧȥϵ๫Ҳ֪ˣȥһ¡
ĳͷϷԣ
һŮҵģÿȥֵطһ°ô죿Ϸ򻹵óԵأǸĶûã
ԺҴ๫ϢϾͻ֤ööóԵġ
׺ͷתȥϷǲӦģֱǺ֣Ů߹ܵģͲ±ˣ
ЦãҲȥӪֻ漸λһȥ̽ϢһһҪ£һֶÿЩҵֵܸҽųɡ
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Ͽа취ⶾ
ͷһɣмذһۣ㻶ģоͷĥϱ߹أҲûɶ£
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ȻǸˣ
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룺˵ɣ˰ҽ
һǾȥ߹ֵܰɣⶾ󲻵ã
ĳͷԾɷԣɣ߹ȥãϷԲͬ⣡
벻⣺үΪβͬ⣿
׺ͷΪѵͷϷˣǶ˴ζȻܷ׻㲻ɣһ٣ԭϷ㲻Ǻν٣ˣ˽ٶڱ߹أ
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ѾӦˣϵĶүӣҰȻ£ͱȥ߹ء
ĳͷʹ˻һŮأ
̧ӣΪҵĺӣһұȥԲֻȴÿһ캢Ӷ֮Σ
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ĳͷϧ
ˣȻ֣Ϸһȥɡ
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ĪСɣ˹һѽ˻ɩɻˣ
Цˣ¿ɻ˳
ĪСɣͷţⶼ˳أһ£׸ǰˣһȺ֪ɽ˰׸ˣس˶أû뵽ֱ˻
ҲŽӿڣǷŻˣ˵ǮƱһգǰնǻ㼸ֵڽͷҪء
ϲȵҲǰҪȥɸһӡ
Ϣͷʵǽֻû뵽¾Ȼ˻ڣ
һˣĿͰԪʧȥ̨°׼һڣǰȥҹʱܸõشԪ
ߣԪܻΪʧƱϳֻԹ˲ϾܼôⲻˣȻɱ׼ҵ˸𡭡
߶ɺɣ󲻱ظʩᡣ
ϺϲȵЩ죺վǴɩļ˰
ͳǣмһֱû˵׵ﲻ֪ʲô⣬ҵʱʧȥ˼䣬ǰòڲƭ˵ңӲƭ˰׸
Ҳҵ֪֮ģǿ
ˣ̵ˣ
ĪСɣſڻӻЩѪ˵ڴ̼ȵѪ˽ҪݣůЩ̼ٿһЩȻЩ
ף첻ôκõģҶȷʵѰһЩ
һûɣ


445 Ұ

ϽͷףӲãûȥ
޵ԣ
ĵؽڻΪ˳׿Ϊ䣿ҽơ
Цһﻹûߣ
һ䵽Ϊ䶡㲻ԣ˯ûվҪֻûô̰Եߣ
ȻΪֵúͳȿ첻ɱˣԴԲģϻϵźᣬĻа㶾ߵ׺զ
ǿΪ䣬ˣҲ֪ĪȾ㾿Ƿ񰲺ã
ĪСɣҪȥ߹أСʱ˻ҪĳŮٳ⣬ס
ɩһȥɣҺʯͷ磬Ҳ֪˺ûУһȥɣ
룺
Ҳͬһȥȵô죿
ĪСɣʵö˶٣ϽϺϲȵ
жɩɩأ¶ʶȵˣȵмλǰæʵڲûϵ
Ϻϲȵִȥ߹أҲ롣
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ĪСɣֵɩһȥ·ҲиӦȻֻиһչҲ۵ġ
æĪ۲ۡ
ĪСɣһۣѽ᲻ۣ
Цðɣͬһȥ»ӣֻһչȷʵЩ
ĪСɣԴϲ
ɩˣ
̫ˣʹ綼һ̥أ
֪£Ȼָˣ
̧ӣţѾˣҲ๫֪£˸ˡ
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°׼Ѿ䣬״үĹְҲˣһҲû˷ˣҪֻҹĽ
ҹĽܹĵֶҲҹȻԣϽĵ̣Ӧȷһʧ
°׵һ˱ִҴҳű߹ؽˡ
˵һ·ҹڱּ֮ǰУʵûܸϵҹҸӴıǰͷ
ҹү佫Ϊͣŵõôλֻ֮󵱽ʥϵ߸ѾջıȨλүھеźͳеĵλٺǲˡ
ҹү곤ӿȨԻ϶ıȨģоԼΪ˴ΪȽɽԶãΪ˹£öˣ
ʱսɳʮźòײ뷢ҹĽһӣȴһսˣ˼Ҳˡ
Ϊ˲˶м֮ɣЦ˵ֽѳͻȾؼζշȨ֮ȢµСˡ
С֣ʱ̵Լĵλǲ׽쳤վãΪ͹£Ů֮£Ҳ·ˡ
ʵҪŮȺֻϧȴС
ҹүԽԽǱΪ㱯ȫΪ˴ΪЧһϣ˲֪жսȨʵǶԲ
Ҳ֪Ӻʱλү˼ʼŤŵλΪ˴ﵽĿأ£Ȩ߾Сϧִɱӡ
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˵̽ӸܱҲ̸˵߹ɲ֤ʵ޷һǻϸľ֣
ıΪһʱأ
ˣǻڸ·ҹĽҹүѾȵִ˱߾Ӫ
ֻ˼ٺҴҶһӪб߾ǰӭӡ
ҹүݣüʵˣǱ߿ж򣿡
ϽԳҡͷܲãҽٽԶĶ޲ߣּҪʮǳؽҩ
¾ⲻϽÿӲǹƶļ尾ȴүԮ̶̰ʱ䣬Ѿݵòӣүǵˡ
ҹүӪʣȥ¡


446 Ѫ

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ͷͨһԽҹүˣ΢Уү
ҹĽŸһ˴ʣԽδƽʱһڰǰ֮ϣ߻˽һƣſ֮ˣһľȣ
ϳ£
ҹүһҹĽҲæϥرȭ
ĩˣݣ
ֹݣԽ˿̵ģʵǴҹҸԤϣһƬ࣬ɫǲ԰ֽ촽˿ѪɫҲݵࡣ
δ˿ҵڼϣһذԵ
ԽǣȶҲҪվֱ壬ǴӲͷؼ
ǹ˲ˣҪ˼Է֣˵Ƕ¶ûţ
ԣܱʵλ⵽㣬ҩʯЧÿֻܿతա
ҹү°ϲȴأµ˴İ㣿Щ˱ɣҪʮǳ֮ſϸҩ
ԽҲһķȻռʿ˱ǰԮҼǾˣû뽫˷˱Ӫһʱ֮ȴǵİ㣡
ЩʮӦϣһս˰㣬߾ʧأʮܵУ۽룬ֻ˱ڴӪȺԮǰ
ҹĽеܿˣ븸״ǰԮϻӸسʮձִ߾ϡ
ĩһ跨ûǹƶĽҩ
Խҡͷ±ںҩ֮£ֻ޴ţ˱ɣֻкүҪǴոҴЩ֮ǵϼȥҲҪǹҴ
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һ߰˳һѹؿڣǳŲסˣү£뼸λúһս£õЪϢЪϢɡ
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ֻǡϳ겻ƱȨֻ»ɵԮҲһϳĺ
ԽŻүģ⼸λϽڣû˸ҲģбҪὫ㡣
ҹүﵽĿģŴҹĽ˳˴ʣϽǰõԼӪʡ
ҹĽɻʵǰһ·ʤŻмƳΪ˶ˣ
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ҹү󣺡ɶĴ벻ֶ˱ӣȷģϣϷҪΪһѩǰܣȺĴϼȥΪ¶ؽҩ
Ͻ빰֣һоͰкүˣ
ҹĽʣ֪»ܳŶʱգ
Ͻһ̾龰ǡŲ̫ˡ
ǰλ˵Ǻúƣܳ࣬ǵļս£΢õоս֣εڣӲˡ
ǰǰлǣȥŶ໹ܳʮա
ҹĽһ㵣᣿ףǺã̶ʮܽ𣿡
ҹүҲأֻʮգܽʱᵽһͳһҲδòɡֻϷģôЩʱıûᶼϷ
ҹĽֱԣǻ˵ֻҪ°ѻĸҲ»ôǱȵؼģ
ϽһۣүٽĪļϾǳ˿ƹܣҪ¶үʹõġ
ҹү˲֧Ҳǿ˻ɣֻõͷ
˵öԣĽĵµΪף²ļ´󣬵ﶨȻ


447 ج

ҹĽæϴǣףǶļϵĶԲçײˡ
Ͻû·Ը뿪Ӫʡ
ҹүһҹĽȥ̽ϸˣĪĺʯĵܸо鲻ԣĪõȦףϾ常Ѿ¶˷ģΪλǰ
ҹĽص´裬ֿãڻΨһܹˣ常Ҳ޶ۣҲδ϶ıֺαصЩ
˵Ǵ̽ʵ飬ֻҪ͵ߵ˵ˣҲȻܲ̽ʵ飬ʱֻҪסǱ֪ˡ
֮һٶ԰ἰ߹ص²ûĿģΪߵ̽һֻҪߵ̲סǰ߹ز̽ʵ飬ܴԵ֪߾սǷȷʵ㵽û޼ƿʩĵز
ֻû뵽ĪȾôںȻԵ߹ˣɳİ̽˵˻Űһ·ǰ߹أʵͷһ
Ҳãÿá
һպִ߳ǣŮӲӪĪСɣԱ˳վš
Ƿͷ£һ±ǣ⼸ȥϣ˳̽Ϣ
һ·ϣʵЩԲףǵĶĺʲôʧվȥһ̥ҩԼڷоϢ
ĪСɣļѰ֪ʯͷϢοԿЩ
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Ҳ֪ӪĶĪСɣǰתתȥתҲĪʼĻţֺܲõԤС
ĪСɣ˯ţܵͷ˰Ӫģ޹ֻػܵվȥʮˣǰȥӪϢ˿ǻˡ
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׹ϢǴ̽ˣֻǲá
뿴ǵıͷһŴԣϵҩ붼Щ򷭡
ĪСɣˣô˼ʯͷôˣҴôˣ
̵ֲ̧˿ǣҡͷˡûˡ
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ﾹȻ˵߾ߣתܡ
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ұסȴҲйƶ񡭡ܾĥж޲ߡ
׹·ŹƶڰʩȣҪһϵĶ
λǲǵĻ˱ֱɣҶöࡣ
ĪСɣſڱסҲͷĻ˵޷جģȴѾһ룬ֱߵӰ㻬䣬ܲס˫һЩ̱ڵء
ܡʯͷ硭硭
Ŀ˶סˣͬصǾ䣺
Ϊʲôɵͬ˵˵ģƽƽعΪʲôҪȥԽΪ˴
ɵϣɵϣ
ǰһڣ˱˸
󾪣ˣѡ
Ҳۿѹʵ֪ͨجģǲ˵ô˾ûˣڲƭҲǰ취
ҲҪͬһ𳤴ʵѹҪ
ð׹ɻɣ׶֮ʹιȥЩ
ĪСɣ˵ǰסʧ
ɩҲţҲʯͷǻ
ʮ㣬һʰֻ˶޵̲סᣬӵıС
ڰϢ̽ӺܿվȥҹĽ㱨ߵ
ĪȾʯͷȷʵҲʵҹĽЦ
ðʵ̫ˣ
̻ӪЩ£ҹүϲ֮ȴԲʧ
ٿһǵıûǵȷһʧٶҲ١
ҹĽȥ̽ӼΰһУ쳣ʱ
Ǳ߰˻ûѣZдҴææ˹ȥʩ룬˾ѣϸ˵յ
СΪغ۾ѧղΪԼҽΪʵȴ㲻ãؼ֮ʱȻȲĪֺʦֵ
ĪɩĪҪ־͹Ұɣûá


448 ʮ

С棬޵һĻĿ˵һֲĴ
ĪСɣ֤ʵʯͷȷʵ˶˻һڴ£ѾʧȥҪ˵ȥ޹Сˡ
ǰ壬ĺ;ɫһƬҰףֻó
ˣҪڰѽĪүˣΪĺųɣǧĪҪ޻ӡ
Ȼѹ˲ˣкأĪȾεĺӣ
ֵܣҿһ
æZи
С˵ж£ҲǼβŴҴҸĨ˰ᣬȡһɾӵ浽ϣʼΡ
ʱСüͷֱ壺ĸӹҽɵģô򵥵Ķγ鷳
һΣⶾǷɽ⣿
Zҡҡͷܽˣⶾ˺ӵ̥̥޷ֱҩ
Ƕ̥лȶŻԼãóȻҩá
⻰ͬҽһޡ
ȴûɣǿô죿̫ҽ˵ʱҪӵ
Zһ˼㿪ڰοɩҲعģа취ȷ̥֮ǰݣⶾ֮취ǡ
һ󼤶ܱݣ
Сг񣺡ܵģƳһҩΪʮߣ˷µĻԱסѪѭʮ²ѣ̥ٺòԲؾѪѭֱϣȲֲص̥еĶᷢ
뾪ţǴ˵еļҩ𣿡
ZеͷΪҲһҩֻǲѪѭûǲֹͣģΪ˿ж֮ѪеĶС
붨Ƭֱ̣СпЩ֪룬ſڡ
Ǳҵĺðɡ
Zйֻ֣Ҫ̥ôҩǵĪɩЩ࣬ҪС
ףҩȻԷȻҲҪȥˣǵͷ
˵
֮һʱ뱻鷭ȥֻ΢΢ʹѾûСкӰֻиĪСɣһԡ
ѹϽǰѯʣ˸оôүʵǵ죬ȻĶ϶˵
ĪСɣҲ۾˵һ˳ҪúЩʱգ˿ں˱ûˣ˵̥ѾסˣѰ̥ģǲصģúõģӵʱñ˳
ӣ˿ڹȻû뵽Zҽ֮˸
һˣľȲ𣿻˵飿ʮߣרΪж֮Ƶġ
ĪСɣ͸˸Цݳ
Ҿͷˣǿʹ๫ʯͷֵǷˣ
ĪСɣʱֿˣ˵ɽģһӦΪ˾µֱӽǴɽˣºɱȥȡǵʬȴҰˡ
ЩȣҰߣҲûʬ
ĪСɣĨͷţʿλǽ˸¹ڣڴӪλӦմȥɩնҪϼղȥݡ
뱾ΪĪȾʯͷǳʲôƹС˵мҩʱ뷨ռȫҲ̲סϲڣ˾ȻûʬףǻǼ
˵ĪСɣ͸ΪѹҲûʣĪСɣսֲͣᣬҲĬĬ۽ǣתȥˮࡣ
ڶĪСɣ˫ۺ׵سȥһѵļƷǰӪɼʿҵǸ¹ڣ˼Ʒڷͷ˸ȥȥűǷͻȥ
뵹ûվĪȾǷˣҪĶǶĺӣ
˵Ǽã㲻ǣҲñӰԼϾҪ㹻ϣɳ
ǣҹĽڵõĪСɣȥ޷صϢ֮󲻾ã˵˰վпԺȵϢʵȲѣ
Զ
̽ӹصǣ׹վҪ˽ͷԣ¿վĹ£˵һȥʳģҶǲƷ
ҹĽЦãĹڱʳ
ֵ̽׹žݱգߵӳռݣ˵Ҫִ֧ʿѴΪ๫ѩޣ
ҹĽЦأ
ķ֮ȫĹĪȾϢӦȷˣصӪȥױ棬һŻң
סһʹ֪ƶַˣرأȻ³һ̯̯ĳǳûʱ򵽴ҷɡ
˵ǳӼΪΣգҧ˺ܿҲйƣΪһӪڵҩ档


449 Ợ

ҹĽһëȻСɳ涼֣
ЩҩɣԲýʿҲȾϹƶ
æµı䣬ҴһصӪʣҹү뼸ոմִ飬ʾ˶ȥ
Ϊ˾ţ
ҹĽֱԣ׿˵³Ƴ֮£Ҳ̫ˣʵ
ҹүؿĪЩС£̽Σ
ҹĽʵصȷɣײٶǣǾ綯ְɣطʵΣգⳡսҪ
ҹүüһ£ĪҪļٵȵȣסˣԻǡ
ҹĽ᲻ļֵֻطһ춼Σգ
ֻӿһֻϸС棬ԹҪȣѾʮ꣬˿ΪβЩµԮ֮ǰ֣
ñֶΣܺùʱҪʮҵĽʿ
ҹү£ҲڳھͶ֣ʮس֮ǰԽǵԽԼȥˣ
ҹĽֵף˵˽⣬ЭľǿΪ׽ʼҵĻ
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ҪҿѻʮˣӲҲᵱЩĺȥ
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ҹĽ˿ѹȰ˵֪һʱֻ˼ǰ˺󣬲ҷŵһԣ¾ֻˣ
̽ӵõϢպִܵ¾ֻԽһЩʿĲбܽǵ򾫱Ѿִ򰵲ʱ
ʱ˽Ӫȫ޷õʱǴˣǶʱһһ³Ҳ۽պٴк棡
ǵһõ˱ֻܹԹ
ֻҪһٴ´ЩȻ壬ʱٰҪΪ»ȡҩľģ˳ڴȥһʱգֻԽⳡϷˣ
ʱһϱȻѹԼӵʥּ˵ԲлȫԷٺһꡣ
ӵʱ㲻һйĶΪԩ
ЩȿΪԡѪսֿԵµģǻҳϣܵ𺦣Ȼ϶ֻʹǹͼߣµʱǲͬһı𣿡
ҹүⷬ⣬ֻǶ̣ϰ˼ȫܾЩףȴҲںδԲò⡣
ҹĽѾһ飬Ҳǲᷢѣ¾ҵôõʱˣ
˵ò޵ˣǱ֪ͨ׼£
ҹĽͷһϲǣ״ˣ
ҹδʱ֣ӪбֳһƬİʿùΨһһͱ֮Ȼ׷˯ڵأΨкִԮӵӪѲӡ
ʱҹҵıϣҹүŴ˼ǰȥԽ
ػºҩոЪ£үоҪ飬ȥҼλϽɣ֪ͬˡ
ҹүѾ˴ʣȴδȥֱȥ
ϳˣ
æסүĪҪĺãʱ³Ƴ棬ۺүƳմȾǴսʤˣ
ҹүȻͣ½ŲǺãϳȥֻһ»¾춨ᡣ
޷Խֻʵ֪Ǻ£ү֪ҵȣҵԻת档
ҹүü³ڱѵ°ɣ
Щ죺үµҪ
ҹү֣µҪս²Ųӣѵ¡
ԽƺˣǺүˣл˵ɣء
Ϣűӡ
ҹү֣£ϳһ֮룬Ī֡
Խɵүؿ»ôܰæģ㵫˵޷
ҹүֱԵ½ϳ
Աɫ󵨣˻ʼ׽㣿
ԽҲĬƬ̲ſڣүطҪɣܳһţλִǶү֤ᵢս¡
ҹүɫؿֻ²ף
Ǵŭкβף˵оһУ
ҹүߣȶô
Խ˼Ҳŷʣ֪үΪкβף
ҹүĪϳ˵ս˲Ϣ䣬ǲʱ̻飿ֻµȵ¶֮ƻ˶ˣ


450 

ԽԵЦѾ˵˻üλүеǲ֮˵үһҪѲԵĿģ
һҹүͷƣҹүȴ治ɫֱ˹֡
ϳԵƣֻĵµ壬ĵ³Ų˶á
սѾȥˣν˲ã˲ɣ²ϸϳԵȨϳܹŵȥԸȺģΪȡҩ
ԽЦ𣿵ҹүΪˡֻǻ´󣬸ʽ֮У㲻֮֡
ҹүѵò㲻Ϊ𣿲Ϊȡҩ㲻ȥԸķ𣿡
ҹүʵóĬƬ̣ų̾һ
ºα˶ģѾˣϳΪΪηҪң
ˣΪմ˴࣬ΪûؽҩϳҲֻð֮踣ڴ˶Ե²ˣĪ֣
һӣ佫鵶ǰֱָ˵
ԽŭڣүǿĻ𣿡
ҹүˣѾǲˣΪΣգӴ˿𣬶غô˴޹˵һɲ
˵꿴ߵŭĿ
»ǽɣϳЧҴᾡȫ¶ؽҩ
ԽȻһЦĪѻ˵˹ûʣҹͼıʱЩţˣҹѾ˷ģĳıʱڵһ̣
ҹү԰ڳһȻˣҹΪδҪԴ
ԽͷҲԣүԴֻһҲ˲ϧһֶΣ
ʮλȺ⣬ʻΪǻʼҵķˮã˲ԣǷˮá
ҲɱҲֹһΣЩڽ̿ȴҹʵ벻ñɶɣ
ҹү̾ﶼãǹڴһЩֹڶɣڹִ
û뷨ϳһȴͱˣʵԹϳ³Σ
Դ󾪣ƥ
ҶһëݹҵҪ
ԽҲ۽飬ֹ̧ŭүѲɵҪ
ҹүתȥżɱ
ͨͨȴδűӵҹүͷȻص佫
ʶȣˣ
һŲ죬ƿһķɨ󣬽һѱбܵĲϡ
ҹүͫתˣĪȾ溮˪ؿڣүԣȵǺÿ࣡
ҹү֪ȥſЦԽ벻Ϸĵֻǲ֪Ϸ˶֣Ϊλױȷһ
ĪȾصֶΣһֱͣ
ֵܰžҩ֮ʱ˱㶼˶ƵҪ֣᲻עнʿǵķʳ
ΪһȫǵɺҩʵֵͰиǾϽʿǷ˽ҩҲֻ˯ôһӲˣ͵׽ƥ򣡡
Խ߳үǷҪɣһ棬һսɱнĻᣬֻǿϧʧʵ㲻ˣ
ˣЩΪ֮ͳͳȥն
ʿȥϵ˳ȥʯͷǹֳŵһ
ҸİҹѲ˸ϵҸԩ
ԽסҹүϽүµʯı֮Ҳø˰ɣ
ҹүЦܹڣϷԣСʯƽǺǺǣ룡
ԽҲߵү˵Ҳµõʵ飬ʯˣмӣȻǲϽҹҵ£Żᱻ
ʯҹ鰲Ҳٳؽλã谭ҹҵȨ֮·ֲۣͬǾֻбԩķˣ
ҹүЦһ⣺ô룬ϧϧû֤ݣʯƽǲܵģ
ʯͷŭĿƥʯԹ޳ΪҪǣ
ҹүͷһҪɱɱϷݶȽ
ԽֵҹĽأҲⷬͼı
ҹүߣǆ£ǷУҲУֺαΪµЩԼ
ĪȾٺһЦ𣿺үǻԼĶӿѣϧɲǸµԼмҵͬУ
ҹүÿɷԱͳȿ׽ˣû׽ɣƾô˵Ϸѣ׽׽ߣȺ֤ݣֺϷѣ


451 

ҹĽȷʵδⳡңҹүϼ޻һ⽫ɳȥˣԾԽپ뽫ҹҸһѶҲܡ
ҹүĪȾΪźû׽ɶļһⳡʵֵ
ȻиֵأҹүóһʱʯͷҪѪˣѹ϶ͷţԭ޿֣
£ǲ˼Ϸûʵǲǻ͵ƣΥ𣿡
Խϳߵҹүǰϸоŵơ
͵ү˼ܣҹҵֻһ飬ҹĽԽ֮ժȥΪ˱ܱǸӶǣ
ҹүȻ˵棬»ôϷ򣿾ɣ
Խ̧֣ĪҹĽ˵δյжҲĪҪˣҳ֮нһƣܱҹҶˣ
ҹүһ۽΢ɲس˳顣
µֶλǹµ񣬿Щ£ϷҲټȥˣĽʵ֣
⻰һڣĪȾʯͷסҲ㵵ؿԽ
Խüݵúԣ
ҹүЦŲ㣡ܹʵϷѾͬ˵ˣǲУ֮ɱǣ
Խϱɫҹ̩ʼ
ҹүмôϷΪ㸸ȽɽսɳΪƴƴôϷķ˶Ź
Ϸⷬ£ҲĽƬɽǻӣϷΪ뻹һѣ
Խ鸴ӵؿҹүſĪҪΪ˵š
ת𾪵佫ȥϼӿأҹĽӪһѺؾɻϴã
佫ҹүѺȥZŹǰ£ȽϵĹƶ˰ɡ
ռжɰСиæòᣬΪ˸õıԽȻҪȸĪȾʯͷⶾ
˾ѺĪȾǰƣ϶гôӣȻи߲Ļٿأ˲Խ˿̵գպҲȻа
ϸ֮󣬺ܿ㽫ĿҹңԽϣͽλ᲼һ֣ҹҸӱ¶
ΪϷݵñ棬λԼµȥ֣ƶĹƶZԭܽ⣬Ӳûý⣬һֱͣͣĥΪҹүϼΪ棬÷ɾ裡
ǻǳҽһɽ֮УֻһվҹҸӵĺβ͡
ϧǳɹˣҹүҲмˣȴ⡭
ĪȾ㿪ڣôؽѵˣйᣬǸϽⳡս½˰ɣҼӻվеأ
ԽڽϹƶҩȥƳʹǲ˵ˣûϢطۣλ̲סһѪʵ۷ڣоƺͿˣ
ʯͷĵػصӣһЩӰɣοܶཫʿδ
ĪȾˮȣٵûã˾ҪˣҪҿԮһһ˲
ʯͷԾԽǣûָսְɡ
ĪȾ㲻ذĳһۣ»ܣֵҪƣҪϹڣװҼĲ˵Ҫս£
ԽǱ߼ڸǰغ˳Z˫ַɿ룬첻ĴʵһѪ˳
СΪشޣĪ֣ٶ˵䣡
ĪȾ㣺
Խ￴ϲСУĪ˵ˣ˵ҪѪ¸ˡ
СйЦ޷µȫǹƶȾѪЩ档
˾ĪȾһǻĪҪˣŰɣ̫þʢһ
ԽһѪ˳ȥ
֪ĶҹүĹ浱ҹĽʵ˽ˣ
ĪȾֵףҲգ»һĹ£ҲҪѪ
ԽѪУֱԼµһŻ˹ȥ
ZгĪȾĴָĪʵǸ
ʯͷϼĳк޲ɱ˵̲סַ̧λ˵ɡ
ĪȾʼ򣺡ҲǣǺαѻѵŪѣǿȥվӲ
ʯͷûˣͬʦܡ
Ǻոն磬徲ֱСһѹ˻ʹۣ˯˶ã
Zе¸ιȥĪҪʣ±㽫ˡ
ԽЩô˰


452 

˽ԳӪҾ챾Ͼ棬ĳĪȾʯ˱ҡڵȥվ
ɫѾ͸ĪСɣѾЪˣʯͷ˼ôȥ˼һֹеĹңվ£ĪСɣӲ֪ҪҪߵų
ĪȾȥŰػ£кɣʯͷˣϽ
ĪСɣҪΣ͵һЩŵʵ˭ͷ
ĪȾˣʯͷɣңʯͷ硣
ĪСɣ־ϲǲţܵǰ˨޳ͦεһӰʯͷɣ
Сﲻһе˹ȥ˱סʯͷ磬Ҿ֪㶨ȻŲңȻҵģ
ʯͷ磬ôĵض˵߾ߣ
ʯͷ磬ˣҿô찡ҲȥǵﻹڣҲ˲Т
ʯͷ磬Ǳ߿յոǮƣȱôֻܸңȥո㣡
ʯͷ磬᲻߰ء
ʯͷȫ̧˰֣Ŵ󵨵ظ˸ɢĳ
ɣĪҪģûһء
ĪСɣ͵ɿŴ˫ۿȫˮģģ
ʯͷְ̧õеˮ۵ݵС
ûȺġ
ĪСɣһ˻ĻؿϣȻС׽סһֻ֣Ȼ¶ȡ
Сùϲʯͷ磬ûû̫ˣ
Ǳ߰ûôĪȾĪСɣŵʱ;ˣû취ʵǰЪ̫࣬ϱ˯̤ʵ
˵һϲȴջ
ԣĪȾһݱ㱻˶䣬ֱ˳ߣſڡ
ð๫ξȻɫȻװƭˣ˵ڸʲôã
ĪȾ㱻ʹְۣСЦݡ
㣬㳶ȻΪĶҪ䳤ˡ
뽿غһ¿Ҳܣ˭㲻ҵĻҪӾңЩΪ㵱ˣǸҾöĺ˵
ĪȾʧɫϢŭ򲻿ɰΪĹŮ˵ǿΪǧıŮ
һۣô֪϶ǹŮ
ĳйֺãȻΪò绨Ϊһò绨ĹŮ
ɿĶ䣬мһۣҵأԭ
ĪȾæϣӿ㻳ӣǧţӰΪʵúÿ࣡
ĿԼСֵĴ֡
һ߶ȥ˭㻹ûҽء
ĳж׵ϣʵʵ
Ǹ¾ҪΪװҹҵ֤ݡ
ΪҲװƽ׵ǣһ룬սļһﶼû˵ұս֮ϳΪܻؼͬӹСȥˣ
Ȼͬû롣
Ϸǰ˶׽סˣ
ĪȾҡͷͬѧһ顣
һ˳˭󾹻ɱҹүҹĽǻӣԽҲЩ޼ƿʩ
뾪ȼˣʵû뵽ҹĽܻǻӣ
ǰļϸһ£Ҳû֤ʵҹĽǻӣмʵ
òҹүĻѻɣΪ˱ӵ
ĪȾʵ˵û֤ˣҲ޷ͨôʽ֤ǻϵĶӣֻܵȻؾʹϲܶˡ
˼ǻϵҹĽȾǻϵĶҲû취ֻ֤ܰɻӷŹˣ
ֵҲ鲻֮ǲ𣿱Ѫף
ĪȾҡͷ鲻ֵ˵ˣѪ״޻̸֮׼
뵹ţϾڶʮһˣֻDNAܼԵϵʱĵѪĲС
ҽ֮û취ǿֻˡ
ĪȾٶסС֣ӣĪЩˣΪӣȥɺãΪϡϡ
۶๫ϡǣ
ĳһſЦ񻨹ǶһǰٺãΪǰ㲻֪֮ˣأ治ýǣΪֻ뱧ӡ
˵㽫˷ȥԼҲżȥ½˼ҷϵ̾Ϣ
ǲộڱͬһؼң§ڻУǲ£
룺Ϣ
ѾھլԺϣսȥ㻹ܸϴԡ
ĪȾһ


453 ·

ȥˣ
뽫еҲϸϸ˵һ飬ŰԼӵ׵ǮѿŻȥӵӣҹĽǸ쵰ȻڴӵĻ⡭ĳʵգ
ӣΪ򲻺ã£ȴû߱ΪģԺҲҪ뿪ˣõΪΪҲҪһֱͬһ𣡡
ȴڵǣԸǱ߲ôףҹĽ֤ʵ˿ǻӣǾ鷳ˣ
ĪȾĵģҹĽиӵݣԽҲѹˣĲʵǸ鷳
ӷģΪҪȡһЩĹ٣۸㣡ǰ㲻ҪΪҲֻܶˣ
뱻ᶨĿ˵һ㶡
β
ĳһ䣺ʶЩʹ˰֣ΪҲΪǲȻΪͰ°һ̵ĵطӸʳ嵱
룺üƲ߰
Ҿòصģ֮Ҳܴ˷
ĪȾͷȻӾô˼ƿУΪϸһ£δסʳ壿
һ֣ǺãֻЩģ๫ǹƥȥһҲʳ׽˿ô죿๫㿡㣬ᱻʳȥŮɣ
ĳйϻصӷģ֮⣬˭ΪŮΪҲӣ
һѰ붺ùЦʣǻΪӵĻģô죿ʼҹɶأǹԹȥȢǼޣ
ĪȾָ̧췢ģ
ӴɰģΪԲΪ˹뿪ӣĪ˵ΪʵۣΪҲͬӷֿ
Ͻ죺СͷأϹµٶҪɱͷ
ĳͷһ²ŰС
ӽѵǣΪˣΪⱲֻͬһ𣬸ŮҲ
뱻§ֻƬֵһϧ
๫ҲģⱲֻ϶һֻҪ㲻ңҲȻṼ㡣
ĪȾ㽫ڻѩ׵Ķͷһڡ
ⷬΪⱲʵûа׻
жͷѣĪ磬Ӫɣ»оҪʯֵ顣
ĪȾһᡣ
ӣΪûؾӪˣҲȻذװذɣֻҪս½Ϊϱȥ
볶סֱ๫һҪעⰲȫҵؼңһҪƽƽĻ
ߵǰĪȾֱֻ˱ſųȥ
ĪСɣվͷʯͷ֣λȥһѽ
ɣɩӣɵúúչĪҪˣʯͷҸ㿴ţһ׼ܲˣȥɡ
ĪСɣֿ˿ʯͷʯͷ磬һҪأ
ʯ*سЦЦɣҲأݰɣģչ˴ɩ
ĪСɣűͷһģҿǳȥ
Ҳߵ£ɩ뿪Żݡ
ЦɣؿԷˣʯͷ˿Ѿûʲô󰭣Ҳ׳ʵ˲٣ŮСݣʲôʱܳ󣬲ܼ޸˼Ұ
ĪСɣߵغɩĪҪȡЦˣҴı仯ŴأȥôǸھȻֺ׳ǰװͰ͵ģ
һ£ǣû״ӣ˲ȥ࣬ƺ׳ʵ˲٣ϼⶼʵˣ·磬ȫ͸Ź˧
ңһȥһѹͷһ⣬Ӳˣ
ЦƭˣĪСɣɩķǣϲҴģ
ЦһۣСӣȻȡЦˣĸΪʯͷˣûûҹĿްСԹƵģ
ĪСɣһΣᴷֱۣɩȡЦ˼ң˼Ҳˣ
ɩһҲԷгˣЩĽؿǡ
쿪ۣĪүʯүƽ¡ˣǵҪȻذװ𣿡
뿴οģ׳ҲһƽµģȻȥﻹҪǵǡսӦúܿܽˣһǿҡ
˵߱ߣڶһ磬㻤Ƿذװȥˡ
ָһգҹĽӻ·ϱѾӵܱȦױ
Ҳ˵ãû·ӲװµػصӪԽߵ˽еʣֳһ־ϲ
¿ǽϹƶѾˣǲۣ֮
ԽһսڰǰüҹĽҪΪԼֱ磿
ҹĽװɵֱ棿֪´Ժ⣿Ľô𣿡


454 ׼ײ

Խҹү˵ΪͼıҪػ֮λĪ˵ȫ֪顣
ҹĽ澪ȣ£ڿЦҸͼıôҶô֮λֲǻӣ
ԽĬƬ̲ŵЦһ˼ҹүΪ㶼֪飿ң밵̽˭Щ̽ӱѾ׽ˣ㻹Ʋ޹𣿡
ҹĽһ޹£˵ô̽ӣҽȥ̽޴Ķѵԣ
Խͷ˵Щ̽ӸĶǴǱߵϢ
ҹĽȻصͷǣЩ̽ӱΪ̽裬ν֪֪˷ܰսʤЩϵĳʶ±ĽоøΪ͸Ľʵ֪ԼΪôҪ⣿
˵Ļˮ©ԽֻҡͷȻɣҹĽŻ˵Լ֪ҹүѾסı֤֮ȷ䣡
ҲãȻһ֪Ǳ͸ᣬȥͬүú˵˵˽һ龭ɡ
ˣҹٽȥ
Ͻ佫ҹĽѺȥ
ҹĽٳһԵ飬ʵԽúһ٣
漰ʼĪȾʯͷ˶ݲ룬Ǽ۹۱ǱǹĵվһԲֻԼѽڡ
Խߵɳ֮ǰλñɱΣ
ĪȾζãֻս¾ûؼӶ޶
ʯͷ֣ǶıȻд㡣
ZеҾĪ˵üԣսҪҾݲ㣬ǾѴ߲źá
ԽһۣΪԼ뼸λҲ֮벻Ҳϸ⡣
ĪȾʵ̧̫ٲˣȱ֮һҪʽ飿
ԽĪֹǫˣ㻹Ǳľأ
ĪȾһ֣̿Ҳң
ʯͷٹ֣˴ӣҵԵȫһжǷ֮¡
Zи˵Ϊҽߣ͵ˣ²طϣ
Խͷããֻȫ˶ϲȨ벻ƷԸ߽࣬ʵѵãǾʹ˽Ϊֵܰɣ
ĪȾϽ֣ɲɣѾͬݳֵܣͬ½ݣ˻ʼұݣ
ʯͷȻһ
˵Ҳ½ݣĪֵС˻Լǲҵµıݣ
ZиͣʦĪ÷±ҲĪֵСˣȷ½ݡ
ԽЦˡ
ǵ˼ҵýĪһĪ壬ʯˣ
˸Ͻ£Ҳңʵڲңвɵ棡
Ҫɷҵˣ
ǰ£ЦѣĪҪ档
Խ˵һ۵ӣˣɣҲΪǣǻȴҪҹҸӵ£͵Ȼؾɸʶɡ
ĪȾʵ˫ͬھɱҹĽȴôһԽƶ˵ļһǹأ
ɱҹĽȻͷ֤ʵǻʼѪԽȻ£˭˭ͳɱˣߥɱֵܵĻٸ壬ǿԩ
Ǻ˾Ͱӹһ·۴ȥˣֵս£ǿɲּƲſھ
С˵֮֮£ǱȥֱӸ¹ƣ
ʯͷ˵ٰ֮ǰİ취ɱɱˣǻôⳡ̣
ĪȾ³󿪿ڣݰɣȻŶ˵ôǳ
ĳ󶨶᣺ݣɱȻ˱СǱ¹ƣ
ԣ׼ײ߹Ȼû䵽ãԼ׵½Ե
ԽҹҵİߣϢڲƭǰȥԮȻõӪ֮ʱһǰȥݡ
˳أһŵʿʱϮӪɱ
ûͽӦϣǲб˵Ĵױ˴˱ʮڱ߾ӪԷʤ׷ɱڡ
ԽȴûмȥǰСȥ¹ơ
ĪȾʯͷȻֳ˻Сǰȥ¹Ƶѡһ·չṦȿܵû죬ֱǡ
һ·Сп챻ĳкʦɹˣô⣿ҪôԶ·ȻǲֱӾܻؼˣȴҪôı֮࣬һҪӿȣ
СģСܲԣСܲãСʵǺ޴ȱ£Ѹ֮죬ĳȻ棿
ԹԴһٶʮ֮󣬴ǵˡ
һȥͷö໺еĴ󣬱ŻŮ


455 

ĪȾʯͷҲף˴ķΣ˼ջţһֱȵɫ͸Ǳʹ
˽Ṧǿһ·Сûнע⣬ֱ͵Ĺ˵ڵͷĶ
˿ƶɴ輧ڿ裬ŵǴ
λΪɥ̾˿λʹû治ʱҴոձܣԹҲLܸ֧֣
׼ϯλȻʹҷɫ죬һ֪Բͬȡ
һλװ˶Ĵ󺺹ֻصԲӣг⣬ܣҲǲܸĳЩֻ֧֣Ҫͬ⣬ԾɿԺ
һŮʹҲһ
Ǵɳǧԭһ֮ϧѾܣҲûϵ˵أȴɳˣֻҪԸ⽫Ķ֮ɳɳ´Ȼٲ˴ĺô
һʹЦǱĮǲܱ߼һˣȽһ£۹ָͣĵء
ĪȾڵķȻ벻ѾܣȴڵŲʳ
˶һۣԵȥ㵽һ԰Բߡ
Ǹ¹岻ӣǽ˽᲻ɲС
ʯͷĻСΪͬû¼ʹ˹ƣҲôһһǸ޴û׼ʹͬǼҵʹɽˣǸ鷳
ĪȾ˼һ£ʵֵܣ˴Ĺƶ֮ɻҵôر𹦷򣬻ö
ZЩȻ򣺡Īڧ
ĪȾͷûȻˣβһƻǵĽˣҲôҪս꣬Ǻʱܻؼҹӣ
Z룬صɳŷǱȽóʹ߶ﵹôɳ߶ֻ׽ĿҧһڣȻ˿ڴ߶ðɳʹˡ
õĶӲҪðʵ򵥣ֻҪǽڱϣȻʹ򽫳ȥô˵ˣֶΡ
ڱĮˣս֣ܰٲ߲ùˣһ
ʯͷͷǾô죬߶ɱˣɱˣùƶɱĮˣùɱɳˣ
ĪȾһۣɣҪɱˣȴԼóֶΣ˼ϲ𣿡
ˮõ׼ֺݣZкʯͷɾʮ㣬Զʱûˣȥ
ĪѵǣҪôźã
ĪȾһ⻹˵ԼóֶԸԼŻͷԣӶ¼ɣҲ¼һңǻеˡ
ʯͷСඥͷʱһƬ޵ȻĪָ
˱׼£⼸һȳʹȥɽ׽ߣشϽ߳ǣѰһʺĵطʪʯ϶׽һߣ޶Ĳߣÿá
˻صʹŹδ꣬ʹڳֱӹƳ浯У˹ƶ
ûʱɢȥҵʹ뿪ְиݡ
ȵҹ˾֮ʱ˷ͷ¡
ZɳŮʹ⣬һ׽˶ιȥ
ȻݣȡŮʹֱҧһڣٽϴ߶ڳӡ֮ϣùŮʹڻ֮һغˡ
ʯͷʹһԺһΣסף޻ڵֱȥѵ·ȫ򵹣һȭΪ׵ʹﳤȥ
ĪȾɣ¶涼أݵһǸ¥ϣֱһµıĮʹԷ𾪵ܳ⣬¥ǱҼ뷢ʱӸ¥һ಻ŲæȥûһؿջȥҲ
ûʱб˾ӣʹɱɲС£һƬҡ
ĪȾҹд˼Ŵͷȫϵݣɫδ֮ǰ˴СڶʱﰵйƣʹΪĻụɱϢ㴫ˡ
Ϣ٣ֻҪӴдȥǾһ´ң
˼ĿĴɣػطӪȥҲ
һ·רɽߣΪ٣Ϊϱ֮صҩݡ
պصӪСǽһģһʵûܣ±Թһ·һ·ʰܲɵټƽＫΪѰҩģʵֵã
ԽѾӵ˰ܱ֪̽˴ӣż˹ӭ⡣
λֵʵˣ
ĪȾһ£ԲɣôЩôܿԻؼ˰ɣ


456 ǰ

ԽѵûЦǺǵͷ
ԣԣֻĪҲļǧﱼŸոչӪôҲñǺú칦ЪϢһٻؼҲ١
ĪȾ֣ˣֻҪ̣Ҽӵȵļ
ԽĪֻңʯֵҲ汾ؾøʵͶ𣿡
ʯͷЩΪѣ뵽ĪСɣΣʵǺĪȾһؼңֵʯҵԩϣܻʯһ
ĪȾ̧ǻʯԩǱͬһȥǼϰɣòҲʱɣһȥǡ
ʯͷϲؿ棿ʵǺã
׵ĪȾ̤˹;Zʯͷ飬ҪһΪʯ顣
װڣУǰվڵİ״Ͱ׶硣
ãͿõķϣһЩӰɣ׼˴ѣʵǰȥˣ
ǰã׸ճһƬ㿴ڵľô죬ʵڷ絲ѩĵطûУ
ͣôܣ˭֪׼ҿǰװص׸Ǳɽϴ٣լԺͳȺ̱أʤ˵˰ģǿĪҪҿˣҲŲĻ
׶缱ã˵ľʵ׼Щˡ
ɽǰѵ°ȥҺʹ罫ȫѺȥŽ˶ʮӣŽ¼ﲻûǮǷ˺Щծأ
״ҲŸͣǰմʱܹˣˣû٣ǰ׸ĺЩҵһȥ
ƽɲŰ׸ļҵõǮƣԼˣǮѵһ٣
ˣ䣬˼Ѿ˶գһֱڸУˣ
뵭ɨһۣͶܳûٴӰ׼ҷһʣǿǰ׼ҵӣȻһ㶫ûţȫôչ⣬⻰˵ȥ˭Ű
׼Ҹ档
ðǵʱ˺ЩϸӳΪ˾ȵЩǮȫɽȥˣǲŻ䵽ز
ã粻裬ֻҪļױһɣӣøǶɽ𣬵ʱһӱ㣡
ǰãҲǰ׼ҵĶŮ㲻Тŵز𣬻ܺĲܲʣ
һǲ˵⻰ҵܸǸһʩᣬϧϧҲʰһ㣬飬𣿻ȥǵʩȥɣ
״Ͱ׶Ҳˣ룬˵ôĸŮļױǮ
ֻǮѣţϣ׼Ů
Ͳҵҵҵɱĸˣ
׼Ƿҵδ壬ҽǮЦλ뱻ȥԼɣ
״Ͱ׶𾪵ؿ㡭˵
üͷһˣ֪ĶϳȥԺٸһδһΣ
С˽һҵİ״Ͱ׶˳ȥ
׼ֵʵѾĪΣֻĴζţκò׽ˣ׳ȥ
ѾɽˮֻȥҪҰ׼֮ǰ̫࣬ʱһٳҶ
ֻ׼̱ʺôɻûſڳɱڵ˲类ͷͰˮĻΣ
˱ӳȥһֱ߲յ˿ڲ衣
οĪҪΪСֵá
ͷãֻǰ׼Щ쵰ȻڹӲдʵ񣡡
ĻͷӦ׹ɷҪǰæɴཫ֮ˣ
²յʾߵǰųһ
лλĺ⣬Ҫ׼Ҳȴͬһ»˳ȻΪá
óܾƶĥǲŸܽޣ
׼ҹȥڰװŰԵˣȻٲѹĶͷǰȥ鷳Ūǵ˲֪ж٣ֺα֣
빰֣׹ҪʱԸ
ԽԽǰǸϺ꣬ЩߥԼɱүѲڸأɲ뽫Լɱ˵İѱ䵽һֻϺУ


457 

ЦЦֻһ
治أǻ׬ǮҪЩʱ๫ˣһ˾ҪȵһύСպһֱͬʱҪͼλӹգ
㱻˻⣬ص׹ģǶȻùʧ
˸ͷûٶ˵ϽŸغԺȥˡ
ֻĳпʱһ˳½ҲͲЩ˼ˡ
ȴǣûʱȻӸܵĪ⣬һκ޳ܵߵĪĴš
֪׼ҵˣҲʵЩ죺ǿ˵ʲô
Сʵص˵Ҫס
ף
ü룬Ψһ׵ģֻ
˴ǰţҹȥ
ûֱȥȥ̵ķ䡣
ճҩӸպһЩԵòôˣݣҪȴְס
㲻ֻм仰㡣
̵ͷСֻʡ
ﵱûԼǹ׵𣿲⻹⣬˵λ
ϸһ£СôһѣҵЩӡСʱԣԵȷʵ˵Щλֻ˵òҲûס
Ͻ׷ʣʲô
ҡҡͷСüΣƺˮںȣƺĸ磿ż߶ӣӡʱһأСֻһŮΪλỽӣ
ʱҲû󵱻£ĪСʵʧȥ֮ǰйһӣ
һΪҪҲΪֿܣ
бϸһ룬ﻹûһֱϵȽϾɵĶ
شĵʹ죺аС˲һֱŵǿ񣬻Ƕӣұõ֮ǰʹˣӦΪӵĶͬСйء
һӾ뵽ﵽŵӣһӣƷ༫ã˵رأ
˵޵ĴԼҲǸ˼ңŻôصΡ
ңܻһ׸硭
ֻϧҲ벻мֵˡ
û취ǰŸոջָ䣬ûͬѾ˵һУͽɱˣ֪Ҳֻôһǰ㡣
ֻȥǰô˵
ʱ׼Ҹ̻ʵسϰڵĸ㣬ûҭţ֮ǰʣµࡣ
üͣðװ׸Ȼܵ˼͵ԣ
ڳһ¿ˮ̵һץһӸ⣬߹档
ҪҲӻ㲻ɣ
һһ
ͷƣ²
ЦЦһĸĭЦǺһ飬Ĩ˰ѻҰܵƵѣϡ
˵ЩûõģӽոҹͲСﱨ𣡰룬ҪɱɱŪ֮ǰѵ֪Լ𣿡
üνԵҲûʲôڴ˵˵˵ףǴˡ
ȥʱ죬Ƥɵһ۴´صС۾һ˿Եʧ
룬֪ҺСһҲһһ˵׼޹أ뱨𣬻֣ӿԸһᣬ˶ϣ
벻ÿɷЦһȻأҸ׼ҶӣЩȥ
ЦһҲ̫࣬ӸļױǣҲǰ׼ҵŮûҪΪﱨ𣬻Ҫ׼ҵӣ
Ц˼涨ұͲܻ˵Ǯʧķ˰ɣ
״Ͱ׶ŭȵ룬ǰ׼ҵǮƣĪҪ̫ݣ
һˣ⼸ƤҴȥ
ſСֳ˽ӸϽסΣڴ󺰣
ĪҪǳȥл˵
л˵һж
̧ʾСס֡
Ȱú˵׼Ѿ䵽ⲽأ㻹ҪʮӣҿԼĶȫúˣ
δػ״Ͱ׶һһס
ҪΪ밡Ҳôźǻᰡ
ǰ˽治ǵ


458 ̬

Ͼؿ⸸ˣβſڡ
㻹ͦķϣ㵱ԲлҿԷŹǣÿ˸ʮӡ
״Ͱ׶ɫ䣺ʮӣҲ̫˰ɣ
俴ǡʮҲͬǹȥļƱ΢ûʮǴ춼밲Ȼȹ
ʮʡЩԺȣǳʮ꣬ǿϳǾȥһӣһĶһСԺγûа֮
Ǹ㹻ǻȥĻᣬ벻ϧͿԼˡ
״Ͱ׶Ϊüͷٿ룬ɴ򵽵ϰ
ãĵٶһɣһһҲá
غһ룡
׶ϽĿڣҪһʮɣʮʵǲ
ٶˣǸϳȥ
ذ״Ͱ׶ʮʮû
һƬңôҲû뵽ĶӾȻΪʮӣڲˡ
λһİүͨһҲŹ˰ǰ
ҿ˵Ƿܷһ·ҲأҲˣֻҪӻ룬㲻
ü˼Ƭ̣ڻصҲãϹԹ˵ʵ飬ҾͰʮӸ㣬ҲҪǮô䣬ͬĶԼɡ
ҧһһұȫ㣡
ϧɿڵ˼ҲûУֱվ
˵ˣҲ֪㻹˶ϰɣĶҲһ
˵Ǯʱ״Ͱ׶Ѿʧˣ˿̸ǵӶӵĵٷͿعȥס
ɲͬһ
ǰֵܼѾӲˣúõļҵȫΪ˾ȥˣѾٻĲɲˡ
ԭԩ޳Ϊ㣬ĵ֮ˣΪǣǿȫǣ
˼ұ˵ĵǸ̺·أһֻԼٻͬ󲮺ΪѼҲܹⲻ˵Ǹһù
ŭ˦ǣӣӰұ죡
̧žҪߣǱүϽ£ȴС˵ס
ˣЩ룬Ǹϳȥɣ
뵭ӦһǾ͸ϳȥ
æ˵ȫ˵
סŲʾСÿϣɫؿ
˵ɣҷһٻ͵źĶһ
״Ͱ׶ʱŵɫ
һҪ˵
ϣŰһֻʮӡ
һȡСǰ
׼Ҹ볯˹ȥУҹ
״һץһֻСҡͷǮֻһãû˵ǿҲһΣأ
׶ֻһֻŭسŰ˹ȥȥŵӡ
ҪҲҪƽ֣һ˶ʮƾôҵֵֻʮ
֣֮Ǳĥһʱ죬ȫƤۣټزǶӶ֣ױʮӣȴҲֻɽУ
ӣӰ
׶绹һίҺʹûһڲˣТ˳ˣ
ŭƨǵһܸǻӣܵñ˭죡
뿴ĳ̬˵ΪǮܰװ𣿡
ſڣ˵˵
һλ̣Ǵһٳ⣬̴ˮܣһȫˮܸɱˡ
ʱѾ㣬ˮϴʱˮɱֳһСкһС̴
Ϊܹסǵ뽭ˮ̫СûԶ˼ֳ֮ˮȶ
ʱس̣͵һСʹǵ̴ͬУͬԵ뷨ϴݻǽѡ
ŸհݻǣʮĴ󴬱ˮջ٣ûС
ҵʱҲΪľˮܻҵĴҶˮܲδС־ɵĿʹ̴ʵǸУЩ˴̴Ż뿪ˡ
ҸϽЩǴյأڶʱ֣Լûˮһɱˣȴǳ̲Ϸ


459 һ

ͷеʯͷײһӣѪѾԲѡ
Ļ̣ϽϴȥذװأָõҽΡ
ѹʱôˣұͬ˷ãʡûҪΪʧȥѹȴУΪ죬ңӵĵ˭
ʵûƭʵǲûش֮£ֻ˵ҵġ
ʣҵ
Ҳòټƭ˵ҵңûˣֻǸŮ
һ˵㲻òٶ˵Բѡ
룬಻ţʵ飬ʵɱҪһи㣬Ҫ뿪ңͷѹһʱͿ
Ϳԭһǻķϣɣ
ɥؽ˵꣬ؿ룬ϣԼһ·
ϧ벢ⷬ
Ȼ˵쿴̴ʱǹʹǴ˭ںδ
ʵһ㵣üص֪أҲֻǹһ˴ºûټοǻǸϴңû׼Ѿˡ
˼ҵﶼѾˣֳҲˣһĿ̴ˮϴٵĴҲˣһж޶֤
ԣô˵ô˵˭ܸ֤
֪̯⡭Ҳû취˵ľʵ飬ܲΪ֤ݾͺɣ
ҡͷΪ˻㻹ǹģֻϧ˵ĻһҲţˣǸϳȥ
СٶǰˣͷҲˣȴţ׼Ҹ˸ϳĪ
˶ǰ룺ˣȻŰĻΪβû
վϾЦΪΪʳ˵ÿֻжʮ𣿻ʮǸҧֶΪ
Ȼ򣬰ð׼ҸΪǵӷĿɳ
ʵȻƵһ㣬׼Ҹ˳Ī㿪ʼ˼죬֮ǰһֻӰЩôǿʼĥԼֻʮôǮʲôģ
ô㶼о̫ˣǱ˱еǮ
ӣҪİ̬ȣûĻҪҪˣ
׸ѾճһƬΪӽܻǮĶѺţǮԼضڰ׼ˣүֻסһ
ڶһ磬ͷԼӲˣͬеĶʮһʧ١
˺ð춼˻λŭЦҡͷðãȻƶ飬ĶӣҪҲգ
ּ˸ľӣ߳ͷɢԴƮѩ벻Ҳʱ
ô̹ǣ˽Ҳϡ٣һ·߳ţȥһׯȥ
ʵ䵽һĲĵزǸׯܳһʱ䲻µĲƸΪľǷгһջΣѣбǮɽ
֮װôõʵʵֻΪƭǮׯһЩϵծ
Ͼ̫࣬Ѻ̴̺ţݡЩͳͳ֮ѵƽծ
οЩͬʱѺ˼Ǯׯ·ЩǮׯŶΪŭҪ⳥ʧʱҲֻװһУؾǲϻǮ
Щ˴֮Ҳû취ܲ潫ɣҪʧҪ˾
Ӳ࣬׶Ӷ֪һ֣Щծ͸ϲˣ˶ٶڴ֮ĵıǰ룬ΪС︴ҪԼ
԰ſȥĪϷ̽ϣðҲŹ
°ǲǿϷŹвȴʮӸˣʵǸоǮûκζס
˺ôߵǴׯӣ캮ضׯĳУҲûעׯһƬȥ
׼طڳһֻƹǻ̳߹ޣͷµͲһӹǻӳȥٴͲ㿴˻ƳγεĽԪкһƱ
ӻԪƱװˣһʰõĽлһŹֳׯȥ
жʮƱȥҲ°뱲ˣΣøɣʡûҪΪǴ㡣
ò˵ϵҲûƵѾزܸԼһ֣
һαʮչȥĪȾڻˣʵļӣȻŶûߣֱӷԺֱլȥ


460 ش

˷ǽ룬׷˹ȥ
ԭһϲδҵĳŮںδಣಣƿ֮
ĪȾ㼱ǰһס֧иߺĪҪ֣ң
Ǽȴû֣ͣһּ곯ֱ
ľС컯վ˽լ˵
ĪȾݵٴζЩüͣĪȾ㣬Ҽң
Ѿ˶ǼվԺǽϼĻߺĪҪ֣๫๫û°ɣ
ŸϽϵĹǽͷŰ빰ϴ
ʵڱǸǲʶĪүЩĪү
ĪȾһס֣ûǼˡ
ӣΪˣӣɻã
¼һûˣֵؿһۡ
ôһ;ͺү᣿
ֱԣĪүûţǷ˷ǽԺֱլ׷˹
ᴷĳһǣ˭㲻ţɲһô죿
ĳиϽʵʵϴΪ򲻺ãΪ򲻶ԣļ´α֤ˡλֵܣŶдţǰԺȥɡ
빰֣ǣ˵˻ǰԺ
ĪȾ˶ˣųŰСȥӿݣͷ䣬ʵѶû
Ϊ㣡
Ŷ׷˵سĪȾкĪүˡ
ĪȾֽӹָϣŻصţҲĪ׳ǻҪ۹֮ͣͳһңŵٵ࣬Ѿ˸ˣǾǼ
ԾϲԸӣ׳Īүھмˣû𣿡
ĪȾͷˣû£ǧ򳤣СĹְأкӹˡ
˵ĹҲ˳Сֱ˹סȡ
ˣ
ĪȾһѽסԼٰѺӱʵȫӲûɿֻǣĳŮ֡
ŶСü΢΢һ塣
οɶˣûĻﱣ𣿡
Сͷţ
ĳֱһֱӣһǣӽݣֻһžۣʵҸʤһУ
ûʱĪСɣҲԺ˹ûƼʯͷɰСＱùǺ
磬ʯͷأôԼˣôˣ
λСӰοɣĪʯͷû£ֻҪ»ؾʥΪʯҵԩҺ£Ը⣬һȥɡ
ĪСɣ˵ʯͷûʧΣ˵ҲԸɩһͷʱȸԾŴ۾ŵؿĳС
ģ磬ҵͬһȥ𣿿ǡ᲻᲻ͬⰡ
ЦǱȻ˴ӣʵԸⲻԸȥ
ĪСɣϽͷãɩɵö˵ûҺȥǣ
ʱѾ磬봺ֻʣһµʱ䣬ȥü
ĪȾ˾ǵڶһؿɽȥˡ
ҪͬĪСɣе£кܶҪţһðлСڴн̴ϰ䣬ǽˣȻٳδĪ
ܿ쵽˿ɽ壬ûӱиڷǣʱѾӵѶţһȺ庺ͺ˴ڡ
ĪȾŰشˣϲشɵˣ̫ˣ
СӱǰЩ޴롣
ĪȾһЩӿڹΣ
һӽͰͻصΣǡǸǣٶЩ顭Ҳǹģɵҽ̴ǹҲЩʱ䡣
ҵÿǺãĪȾ㶼Զԡ
ЦСһۣţû̴˹ģ๫Īģ㣬벻Ҳɡ
ɫһ壺ɵҪȥ𣿡
ĪȾͷϱҪˣٲҪϲ
ǵ֪Ҫ뿪ӣȻʮֲᡣ
ˣǾûʦˡ
һ˽ܡ
һĪҪʧǲܼˣλԴĹãѾˣλеǹ򡣡
˰ţΪ˱ˣҲԼ˽ģ԰ߣɽνĸ֮أҪԶǣȻҪҸõĿɽæ˲ųɡ
иҪİš


461 ·

һ˾Ȼеһֹǰݼ
һҾһﲻؿҲܰ׹Уǽ̵òãһĪҪ֡
˻Դ粻˵ֻѧЩǿ壬ܱӣ۸ͳɣ书ǿԣ±ˣ
ʾ֪ڵŰѾƣǾǳԿɽ壬үǱģǺ¡
˶飬֪ͨһ¸ңµС㳡Щ£źĪȾһؼҡ
ǮϺĪϺѾ˵˶ӻǰԶԶؿȫѣеǰĪȾ³㱻Ǯϸ˹ȥ
λе´ӣ۵ˣడɣܿˣ
ĪϵҲǰĶӼ򣺡׳ʵˣɰûɶ˰ɣ
ĪȾ㳯ŶϺһЦǿҲǺúõûˣҲûݣǽʵһЩ뻹ڳأһϢϲˣ
ǮԴϲæɿ˷ͷ䣬ݡ
Ǻĳֻ뱧³ȥûӣֻ˷ӽȥҲ
ĪСɣֱֳһѣ뾹ȻûСǳ˰죬ҺǮڳϣŰȥ
զҲˣɩУҲ֪ٳһ⣡
ĪСɣǳø֣ٳ⻹жɩɩأⲻǵĴɩ·Ҫˣſǲǣ
Ǯһۣ㲻ң̹أ
ĪСɣ
ĪϺЦǺǰɣˣĪķǣˣ㲻ڼ߶㣡ݣ·϶˰ɣ
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ĪСɣˣˣĪҪҰɣáòͬɩһȥǣ
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Ͽ쵽ԵˣλϣҪҪͬһϾѾھլԺܴģȫҶȥҲס
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ҺͲȥ˰ɣ̫󣬹Ҳ࣬СɽסˣʵǲôЩĹأˣҲ뵽ܣڼ̹Щ
Ǯϵͷ˵ĶԣοﻹôЩأϱҪˣ²ܣǴҲˣǲõǣֻԼȥɣǴɳϢǱھ٣ǲȻҲǲ·
ĪСɣü˵զ㲻أҴһгϢҪ·ҵɷǵ²ɣ
ǮϻССͶ˲ܵʱøԼ·ųɣ
ͬصͷ˵öԣԭҾûߵأɽƬ԰պ׬Ǯ̣
Ȼҵ£ҲãҾٰƵһЩҲûԼ˿ػˡ
ǮϺĪϺ˵Ҫ׬Ǯûͬãֻܷģڣ֤û⣡
ĪСɣ䣬˵Լ֮¡
ĪȾǿ֣Īҡɩĸҡˣ
Ҳô׾͸ҡˣ
һһ£ɣʯͷ๫ڴս˴󹦣๫żǰˣʯͷƽҪһʥǵúһӲܻ
ɣϣһһҲһЩֻУ⻹кܶҪɣ֣֪Ƿͬ⣿
˵ǰλʱǮϵЩɣĪϺǲͬͷ˵ҪŮæŶһۡ
ǮȿĿڣ˵Ѿףɣδޣʯͷ˽ӴҲãԭҺǿ϶ӦģӣҲȷʵҪŵŵļ˰֣Ǿȥɡ
ĪϺϽֻɣע⣬ҵģҪԼΪأͬʯͷദһҪ󣬲˻ܸɩ鷳
밡㶮Ķ࣬ɵöһЩ
ͷֻܷģɣǸµĹʯͷҲᱡ֮ˣһжٺˣɣҲˣʱָǰϲ£
ǮüЦֿ˿Ķӣúúã£ԼҲչ˺ԼųɣɰҲóϢܹڴ
ĪȾϻصģӶȻʧ
Цһۣתš
±ôˣȥͬһ£һи󵨵뷨ȫ˶ۼһ׬Ǯ֤ﶼʳǣ


462 ¸

ǺһֶݣС㳡ϡ
˵ĪȾˣҪҴ飬ȫȺˣϡľˣֱĪ·ڴһӭǰȥӲĪȾΧ롣
룬ôЩӲ˲٣
ɫҲãǲˣ
Īɣǻˣ뵣ĵģ˶ˣɵúúչ
ĪȾ⧲Ӹһߣһ䣬ϽֻӦ
λ˵ǣӵȷ࣬Ҳ뿪ˣ
һ˵һ߽г˻ȥһۣסԼǱ˻ȥ
ӻһգЦؿĪȾ㣺밡๫ǽ㣬ƣǱһζ
һȣֵصһƤ񣬰㲻ļһ
Īֻֻ֣˺ӣǽţʲôʧ
Ӵϲ棡ϲ£ҲǸиˣ
λְעת˰뻳֮ϣ˵үҲӭǰ
ĪȾϽүӴк
үԱȹȥ˲٣Ǹ˵ĪȾ
ɵ׳ʵˣȥӾȫܵ㣬Һƽһնܸˣ
ĪȾ㹰ֳΧһҾǹˣĪʵǸм
ҲЦǺǳ֣һҿûٰǴˣۣӦкñ
ǰӻǴһǧǿʵôһм
ҲЦȲ˵ЩˣһҪͬ飬Ŵһһ¸
⻰Ƿ
ӵϰ뿪ڣ˵ôõ⣿
ү̧̧֣һﰲ˵˵ٸҲ٣
ϰĿ뿴룬һǳڴ
ɫڣ֪һﶼպǮ׬ϾܽɽҩҩҲܾһֱɵģǲûˣһҪΪƷѡ
˸⣬ǾɽѣһҲˣɽƵļҴطˣܺúȣ
ʵѾƺܺ˾֮Ҿ룬ֻԼ׬ǮƵŴһһ¸
ŵùңͰѼгֿ֮ضɽѣô֣үӺһЩǼҲٵĴ˶Ѿѧˡ
ٵԴҲ˵ֻҪȥڷɽɽѵĴɽͳɡ
ⶫòһܽɽѲܶҶգÿͰǮļ۸ⶫ泤ˣһĶܳǧ
־ϲǮһѾˣճɻôߣ
ǧﰡֻһǧһĶҲ׬ӣ
Цһôɽѵķߴңϸ˵ֲɲֻһǧǧȫû⣬ǧҲûܣ
Ӿ̾ǾһĶɽŪˣʮӣⶫҪԵͶ𣿡
ֱԣֻϼӣӴúãǽòŸ࣬ҪֻˣǴӸɽӺܶ࣬һﲻ³ĻûǮܽɽ̺á
ΪĶΪûֹ⻹Щġ
⡭ûо飬ֲð
Ǵɺ㲻ڴУɽѻ𣿡
ЦҷŵĻû˵꣬һͬ⣬ԵүǩһЭ飬ǰ̫٣溦˲ҲԸһһ׵ĲÿĶһӡ
˭ҵﲻ׵ĽҾ͸ǰѲǮ㣬֤ôռػװһꡣ
ɽѵ´һصģҹŶڴУ±㽻ϣӣңҲίһֻҪһｫɽֳҾһȫˣ
˵ճɲãҲһӵĲһЭǩǷˡ
Ӷ԰ִΣ˿ڣǵһ
룬ŴɣЭǩүӣ鷳дɣǼְĶģ
һڣϺľϽ
ǼĶ
Ǽ٣ҲĶ
Ƕ˿ڣһɽʮ˼Ҳű
Ҽҡ
һʱ㳡УүӺǺЦ̧ѹѹա
һĪֵĶȥɽȡֽǩֻѺһһ
ʾĪȾ㣺үһæҲȥæͳƱдˣѺ
Ըܹ㹻ĴˣɽʵԽԽã


463 

ʱͳƱˣȫ徹Ȼаʮ໧˼ҴɽѣµĲǲ֣Ǽ̫٣ûһ
ͬүӽ飬µ˼ҰĪҹ԰ÿ갴ͷ䣬ǲƵĹǮ
үüЦֱһǰ˴еĴæҲóֻǵعӣһɶ±ûл·ˣ
үӰͬ뷨ְЩźֲɽѵ˼Ҿ£˵˰飬ԸԸǩͬĪҹ԰
Щ˵ֻ֪Ҫǿϳÿ궼кܸߵĹǮҺԱգȻûвԸĵ±ͬүǩ˳ĺͬ
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үû뵽뾹ȻԼǧƱֱӾͽԼУ
ʮ꣬ʵǱⷬθжˣ֤һã
óһǧƱҲүС
үӣǮҲӴӷģ󵫷𱣻ӵ֣йǮãǰΪࡣ
үӸϽǮƣǮôǳأȫ˵£
ɫҡͷô˵үӣȫǼҵ࣬ڴǵıҲģǮӦ
оǣЩǮֻǽһġ
ү𾪣һꣿҲʵ̫ˡ
ͷ֪̫࣬Ұѻ˵ꡣʮƥѲ߿ʱҲԿЩ֪ͨλȥسɺ硣
ʣµİȥ˸ǵĹǮٲһЩʩϼҴ󳵣н裬̸·ݣҪҲ㣬ϿŰűǡ
ܵүӸжò֪˵ʲôˣ˫ֲŽƱ˹ȥ
ĪΪһУһﶼǷģһһѴӱãĺعϺӣ
ĪȾһۣЦҲˡ
е¶ŲˣɫҲѾ磬һŷ̡
뽫֮ǰĿȫ˻ȥɽϲֿĺɽҲһϡ
ɽĪȾ㵹⣬׵ΪҪѿҲϣʵȱǵ㶫
ĪСɣֱڿ죬ǰͷװ˼ľͰĿɻɩǺóԣԵĻȥһͰҲˣ⾢ȫȥֲֵǮ
ЦͲ˰ɣֱǲֵǮҰˣһͰ˵ʮӣ
⻰ĪСɣĪȾš
ĳλֵôЩǮõһҲֵֻǮѲֵǮˣ
ٺһЦҪĲ񣬶ҵĶϣⶫҪȥǣֻҪЩȨǳζ֤ʳ֮񫣬Ƕƣ޵ڶҿѰ˵𣿡
ҪĿɲֹǺ񣬻иֺͽˣϸ裬±ƷҪھǷ¸Ķר
ڰװСطЩ˵Ҳ׬Ǯһƹ㿪϶ǲףھǣЩȨϲЩζɿڵʳһžܴţκιЧӦʹ
оǵĵطžǺ׬Ǯһˡ
ĳŮţĪȾŷĪСɣ͸˵ˣżֻҪɩ˵׬Ǯģǿ϶׬Ǯ
һ˻صĪ벢ûŴصɽ㽫ֱӴдõĽͣҲһȥ
ԣΰҿνʦڣʮѺ˳һЩмʮ͸ǵļˣԼĳһ뵱ɵһ뵱үүİ׺ͷ
ĪȾ㽫ȫĪɺĪɣְ°æչǵİȫȻ̳ˡ
һгĶᣬߵҲǺܿ죬պߵƬΪʺϷɽȡ
δǰöͣĪȾżߵɽȥȷǷȫ
˹Ӷɽ˱⵽µķǴӰ׼ĶʮҲﱻߵ˸ڳԺڵģºȫ͵߹س˾ѡ
ԣĵμ˽⣬˷ͷɽĴɽʺĵصһ飬û쳣ʾɽµԷͨ
üխĹٵĲҲ֪ĵʵվǵʲôȫڲࣿ


464 

ٳûһҲЩԵĸо
ĪȾɽ̽·ԾδЩػصϣƿüͷİ롣
ӣôΪλȥ
ҡͷҵûﲻԣĪﲻܾط͸ЩΣա
ĪȾʵɽѾˣȷʵû·Աߵɽ¶ͣҲ޷˲ڵ¡
͵̧Ҳǲܣ·أ
ĪȾ㿴һǰĹٵȷʵоЩԣǿӿݣʵǹڿһЩ
ڣǽүӹһ°ɡ
ĪȾͷȥͷϽȶ˯İ׺ͷѡ
үӣǰͷ·ЩΣ׹ȥǰȥһ¶Բߡ
ͷ˸Ƿ۾ƿǰͷһۡ
ɽͦˣʵҲûôµģˣϷڣõģ
ĪȾ㹰֣˵ǳôЩҪǮģ˷ѣֻʧһҲ֪պǮܸϻٺóԵģ
ĳͷһ⻰ɲˣǲɣԲ˷ѣߣϷȥ򡣡
¹ʳͷߵ복ߡ
Ůүүզ
ƿҸүүүӣƷ罫ǰͷ·ɨһɨֻҪȷϵûˡ
ĪСɣںͷҲ˶Գͷ
ףǰͷΣգҪҪ
Цųӻӻ֣ҪǾɡ
СӱȨ壬Ӳź͹ùͬһʵͬһˣȸԾͷţͬһ
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صһۣԱ߰׺ͷһЦ
ǸĸҲòţҸŮϷһ͹ˣ
ͷǰһҴһԾ㵽˶ǰͷƣһƷа㼤ֱɽ·صƤȥ
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ÿҪóȻ߹ȥȫѣ
ĪȾҲŵòᣬʵû뵽ôĻ·ϣ
⡭ôֱʣ𣿡
Ҳ𾪵ˣֻǸоΣգûϵȻôΣա
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壡
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ĪȾȴûΪûǱҪǰͷͼλɡ
룺
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ʮƷûǰֱɳʯˣܹȥӣ׺ͷֳǰ·ӳһƣһҼɣ±ˣֻ˻ȥ·Ļغ嶼ƻˣǰȥɨֳ
ȲǺܳСʱ֮ĳͷˣϵĻ֡
ģ·ûˣֻһգ϶ģĿľҪϷȫˣسԷĹ
ĪȾ
ûˣ
СͷһۺӣţһҲûУЩǻģĹžɱˣΪ˽ٲơ
һĺɱ˭𣿻˵ǵùײ˸壿
ĪȾҲΪ⣬ʵ벻˭壿
ȹȥ˵ɣǵɱǣʧˣһٳ֡
ͷ˵Ķԣ·һҪӱСĲǣ
Ѿȥǰͷһ飬ȻûзκӰ·ֻлأѾȫĳүӸˡ
ּǰȥ׺ͷǰͷ·Ʒƿ·谭ýЩĿӸϡ
ʵôүߣȻһ¾˼ҵĵˣܲÿɨЩ壿
ǰȻȹȣǽ
һ˶ӱСģΣյ·θǲóȻͨнٶ˼֡
ִһյɽ·ʱ͵Ӫ
֪ЩǲǶͿطǷҲ


465 ٶ

׺ͷֱߣǰĪ£үүȥɨϼơ
ͷ˵ɾ͸ɣȰ뿪ڣǼĵɽ·ڣֱƳһƣƷ˰ϯɽһ죬ȻһƬֻʣ¼üΪʵ׳
룺
ɲɣ·ɽﲻͬߴܲѲҪƬָƵ
үүȻ
ĳͷۿһƳʮԶȴһҲûƼ
뺰ȥСͷֵصԡ
˹ѽ·ϾƲ
˲ԣɫһ䣬Ŀڵ⣡ҵΪ᲻ˣˣһɨóϷ򻹵Щ·ϵĻ¿ɢҩ
ĪȾҲɫ䡣
үүҩὫɢ˰ɣ
ͷҡͷǵڣֻ᲻ûʱԻָٳƻˣ
ĪȾ͵ظʾСģͬʱһѽ
ֻͷ飡֮ڶ䵽Ͼʮ㣬еļⶼ˺ʵľ壬ڣ
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ĪȾͷӷģΪû£ΪᱣģҰڳţǧĪҪ
ĸȥû书ȥ˵ɲĳ鷳
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ĪȾżļ϶ԻҩӸ㵽ͷĳүӡ
үӣԣֵܸҵģ˵ܽٶ
ͷչҩϲͷҩӽУ½ȥ
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ĪȾͦڳǰһ򵱹֮ƣʵʵס
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صĵ˷ҽУһֻ
ĳͷǼ䵽ǰ͵˫Ƴ;㱻˻ȥ˵˲֣
׺ͷһ׷ڼƻӳ类쫷ϯһǰȥ̼䱻Ʒӣ
ĪȾ㼸ˣʯͷӪȥ磬оѾͦģүӱֵһᣡ
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ĳͷסֳǰŲԾһ·ʮȥҲֻľѵĴ죬ж֦ɣްӰ
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аЩ󱲲ˣһҲҲ
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ĳͷƷƻʮ㣬˴ԼʱӲһ׳ɽ·ȥ˺һ㣬ȫȫ˹ȥ
ʵһ亹๫»Σյ·ΣƶԶҲðˡ
ĪȾû
׺ͷܵӺͷŵǶʮϵĻ
ҺЩֻɱˣûԽʲôû䣬˳ϵĽ͵ûʧ
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һɲ˷ˣֻҪƽִﾩǾǺ£
๫˵ĻǴҪɱ𣿡


466 Ǯð

ĪȾ룬ҡͷΪҲ벻ͨ˵ҺʯͷһĹҲܵɱǰɣ˵֪ǵ٣
ֱԣ᲻ʱһ·㣿
ĳ΢㵣ɣΪһ·ӱޣûо˸Ű
׺ͷ췭˸ۣС΢ĩиָ㣬ֵܷ𣬱Ϸ򣿡
ĪȾԶԣүӱĹȷǲֵһᣬɴǰˣʯͷһٵóѣɱôĽ죬ȴһϸ£
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ĴӪôЩʱգ˺ܿѾʦسˣҵ˾ЩҲûôף
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լͷĹؼҾڳʱѾˣõҲˣʰʱ㽫Щȫ˳ȥǻð׹Լá
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뽫ǮݸĪȾ㣬ǰһ˵ֱ֣ӽƱһһ˹ȥ
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˵Ѿ˴ûԾͦ䣬οҾ߶ûУһ˰ҲֻǰЩպǮĶûĪеļҾߴһ
ЩޱС¯ܱڻȡů͸ȥ𣬰ǰԺסݵĻ𿻶ϣȻҾ߻
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468 ۵Ķ

մžȻصǡ
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469 

뿴ձнһȺСǰͷŴʮ֮䣬ͷԽԽСвŸո塢ġ
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470 ܲ

һȻ飬糯ʱѾ˻ʳʮ
ϵõϲӭӵʤĽʿ
ӳȡ˿ǰʤָˣȫſжӵȺ򣬳һӦǾſӭӹ
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µʤˣҪͬɳĽʿ빦Ƕ飬ʵʮ㣡ϧӴǰվɱ֮ʱûõ˧ȻҲڰװ׶ֻӣȴ㹦ѫҲûõ
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471 ĺ

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ǮѿԿ˿ǽϹҵһ⣬ǹն׬Ǯģ˵ڷóԣΪ߾սңз˴󶼱ֱȥ˿׳Ҫն˼٣òײһ׮
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ȻͷֻһŭĹ棬ʱַͨһ졣
Ǯѿüٶŷ쿴ȥû뵽Ǹ־Ȼ˵ϣŬԼȥȣ
ô˳ȥǹֵȣּסʱļȣɱ
Ǯѿͷ˿һƼ˵ϵǯȥϣ͵˳ȥǳصĻǯӾͳԴϴ
˹ֵŭУһңֱҵͷѪû˶Բݣǰ˵ĹͷݺһŹֿ˹ȥ
ֵѪ֮û˰ϢǮѿ˵ͫؿһѪȡ
ĪҪңɱǰˣվıӦ
ϲʹ˲֣죬͵Կ׻ڹֻӲͷƤȥңҵԿ״ѹһҵ˶ٶͭ塣
Ϊⱻ˷ɱˣǮѿڹĺۼɨһ飬ǮСԺͷֻڼַھӴ󶼿ȥˣûƼ
Ǯѿ룬ûгٵĵطܣҲȥֻǱĳţ˶ȥģӦòע⵽Ŷԡ
·һ˼ңԺſţԺл˲ٵǮѿ˿ԼϽѪĴֲѣּԺˣɿܽȥ˼ѱܡ
һ˵Ľ佫ѻˣ·ֱӽ鵭ؼŽȥ
ʱԶԶɽ˺ڻֳڸͷϵĽʿǻ
Ǯѿ첽߹ȥ۽⾹ȻɨһϤ
͵ͷһȥ˲ˣǸ׳


472 ۹

벻׳Ȼˣҿɷ磬ôıܿ˹١
ǮѿŸ׳˰죬һҧǰȥŸ׳󺰣๫׳๫
׳ȫǰĻԼƺں֣תͷ￴˿ֱߵİʵ̫ˣһİ׿ۻңǮѿּǰԸû
Ǯѿ׳ŤŤͷְܿĿתǰĺ
뼷ǰȥ׳ϣ˸壬Ҫͬ˵ԼĿԭ¡
Ⱥýʵʵ˵ǰ㼷ˣһȺìŰտ˵ǰˡ
Ǯѿ˳ȺҪűǰܣǲлҵ׳ã˳ȥ֮׳ӰˣֻܿǸ߾˫ֻ
ټȺУĶѾǰһΣȫҲ׳ˡ
Ǯѿĵ˰죬Ҳûҵˣֻþɥ˳ȥ֧Ҫȥģ
˵Ҫʿ빦Щûسפ۹ͺá
˵ҪפǮѿͷһϲ¾ǵȺ
תȥЩʳų˳ǣڳﴦѰһЩȺ
һĪȾдһĪҶװլĴϣĵ߸߹ϴһڼҶǷ˱ڣ˻ֱһӲͣ
䣬ⳤַ죬ӭӴĶѾ쵽ſˡ
Щؿ룺Ǵˣ֪׳ûл
ĪСɣǰ಻סŰ󣺡ɩҲȥưɣʯͷ϶ˣ
밲ȻϣЦ˵ȵеļһ
ĪȥߵȥѾüλǰȥȺˣֻҪʯͷʹ׳һ׼֪ͨֻܵ˻ǡ
ãҲûڼеȺȽףĪСɣͲôˡ
ɩͷְô죬һûʼҵ̶أȥһҲûǾԶԶؿһۣǳҲǺõѽ
ҡͷʹܽⲻѰ˿ĵطкܶأĪҪȥΪմϲҪ鷳
ĪȾһжǻصԺУĻ
λؿӣɩ˵ûӦĪҪٺ֣ɩҾ˰ͻؼȥ
ĪСɣʱûˣֻӡ
ЦŷԸ͸ϲǴȥЩʳĻĪǨ磬øĶӺʯү۸˫ϲţ
͸ȥһ׺ͷΪϲر˽
Ůտ³үүķˣ
ĪȾüɣӻأǰͣ
ĳͷСӣ˲ϣҿѾͷĸүү
ֺõعȥסСͷ°ڣ̫ү׻СأĪҪΪˣѷʳȫòã
֪ΪΣȫŮ͵ģСӿһ̵ʵͷĶҲûǰܳôĵģ
׺ͷȴ˫۷棿ӹԣ
˵ְĪȾһۡСӵ⣬ϷʺãǿϰţϷһٲɣߣ
ĪȾһĲΪүԸᣬȾʱֻҼӸóԵģǻǵѺ˵ɡ
ꣿ׺ͷǿ飬̲סָסĳгŰ״Ѿͷ۸Ҹүү
룺
үүҪȻ˭ҹóԣٶϼŮ
׺ͷ۴ӣҸˣСӵݣŮҪȻϷ
ĪȾһհС֣Ⱳ˭ҲĪ뽫ӷֿӣ˵ǲǣ
һۣû
˵ɫһձҪˣϽ鷿ȥ
ĪȾһ࣡
أϽȥ鷿飡
ֲҪϿΪдϰ˹ģ
ǵһĳͷ̫үߣøȥ
һһСಣһ³ţС˸Ͻȥ׷үȵǰ
ЦֵһӣѾʼˣҸʲôĻȥĽͺͶҽ˲źأôҪɵö׬ЩǮųɣ
⣬ǰ㳡ϣͬλسվǽ֮ϣڶ·ʿԼνһƬƬ
ԽѾõĹҸУ˻ϵķ;ϸţڽʿΪοðһʱֱϣųʳǣȥʮﴦӪȴһİš
Խͬʯͷ򱻵빬ʥһùţ֪۾ڶǡ


473 ̿

ȥԡ£鷿ټˡ
ڷڽʿǰϵ΢˼֣ƺôĵ£üͷҲ΢΢š
ԽȼȻʯͷ뼸һ˹ݴ
ƽλǴĹԭӦǣٸһʱϢؼҿˡ
ϧ±Įپ߹ؼȴϢ˵ܻῪսʵΪѡ
Ͻǰϣ߹صΣϽԸǰȥ֧ԮĮ߾
ϣĩҲԸΪϷǣΪ
Ϊοص˵ͷλʵҴ֮ǹʵ޵ڴ
ǱɣλʿԴ߾һ·Ϳ౼ҺͷδصǣλȥӪһʱգȴִ֮ٷͷǰ뱱Į߾֧Ԯ

һλƹܲسȥּ⣬ʮУڽʿǸ˸ˣ
˵תǼ죺ʮڿþнʿһ£ҲǽĻؼУ޶ڽʿǵһССĲ
ܱ߼˲ʵýʿ㱼࣬Ҳ֪Ҫûز˼ҡ
˵УһڽʿϽлߺ϶£ʿ
˵£üλͬλһȥнʿǰ䷢ôԱʿ׼ǰ߹ء
˸ʱֿ
Խʯ¡
Խʯͷվ˶˳鷿ߵĴཫ鷿ҲһϣֻڷС
ʣ´ľƵ˽𣿡
鰸˳̾ͷʵֻǱĮɳͶ궼жǲͬĹҲڴ
̽û鱨ŹԶ̲ҴĲ
ҺڴƻǵļƻǼɣɼˣҴǲǿֻ³Σ
ʯͷû뵽ϺȻᵱ۴ܣʵЩϻ̳Ͽ֡
ûϵǣϾȻֱߵǰļ򣬴ǺЦ
ʯ䣬ˣ
ʯͷϽֻصػϣĩպöʮꡣ
ձϷ˸λֻǸսҲоʶƵ
ʣ㸸ĸɻǵԼ
ʯͷ뵽ĸԩһѹ۽΢ػصǵãС¶ʮţһձꡣ
ϾȻЩͷԼϣı¡
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ʯͷȻ뵽˸ף˵ʱʮ꣬ɸҲģִȰ¡
ϣĩֻ࣬ΪҸֻع
ʯͷҪ¹ȴϻסⲿ
ĪҪˣ֪飬ԽҲͬ˵ˣ㲻ǰºպսΪ˸ʯһֻع
޴Ӧ㣬ջڴ֮ϵҹ̩ϼӺʯңҲ跨Ϊʯһƽ
лϣ
ʯͷмҪлٴαסд˴ʯ尡޶ֻһҪǾǶԴҪһһ⣡Ѵյļһúñ
ʯͷ˻ϵ˼ҪΪְأ㼺֮ɽ
ϷģĩһƬ൨ģԸһΪЧ
ص˵ͷãܺãޱһ󽫾֮λһֻҪĮ֮Σ㽨ʵĴ󽫾
ʯͷ𾪵ؿϣ󽫾⡭ĩʵǵ𣡡
΢Цҡͷε𣿳ڳҲ۾ģֻҪ㹦͹Ǿ͵𣡡
ʯͷֵ̿ؿԽ²ǴսʤĹؼǹˡıԶǣһٽҹҵıƲ𴩣ƾҵƥ֮£ܹ˵ʤԣ²ǴĹ
϶ⷬΪ⣬üЦؿԽ
ͦϢûʼҶɹͲһ˵ģǽս£иҪҪǲˡ
ʯ壬õĻᣬһҪúñ֣ĪҪʧ
Ĵ󽫾֮λҲ׿õģҪԼŬԲƴǣ㲻˼ȡھʧˣ
ʯͷӻ֣̿Ͻϥأȭĩ㾡ȫΪҴ̩񰲣ɽǣ
ϵͷãҪľľģɣȥһЩҪͬԽ
ʯͷ֣ǣĩиˣ
ԽȥٻͷѾ鰸֮
ʣȷˣ
ؿʯ²ҪˣҪҹ̩Ǹʶ˵ĽҲҵĶӣ
ԽĿ⸴ӵؿףϻصǡ


474 ʼѪ

һȭᴷһЩƵӡ
ԽûʣϾ¹ظʵ˽Ҳôʵ£ΪӣҺ̽
ϻϳĬƬ̣Ȼһ¡
ǵ뱱ĮַҴ޵ʱŵϴλ꣬лвسһװһףʱָ˲࣬һҹ̩
ս˵ȷΪɨƽ˲鷳Ҳˣ޲Żĸʱǰȥæ¡
˭룬ҹ̩ķ˾Ȼɥ˰㣬ǵĶ
ޱҽΪⶾȴˣ֮²һκá
ҹҲǸҵģԾס˵Լռҹ̩һ֮
ޱΪԼ˭Ҳ˵ȥ͵ûз
֮ɱ˺üʵۣΪ˱ȫҹ˵Ҳò
ûҹ̩ʤĮ飬رģҹ̩λʳǧһƣ
֮ңǰңҹ̩ٴγǰչ˺ļˣʱ޲֪ҹ˻С
Һսûñˣҹ̩ϻû˱ҹĽҹ̩˵Ƿܵţ£Ҳû룬ֻҹ˺ĸƽʵǼϲ£򸮡
꣬ҹ̩սɳϣֱٶȻسޱЩʱ䣬ҹҶЩãȴ룬Żãҹ˱ˣ˰ȥʬף֪˾Ǳģ
ΪԾ˼ȥ֪˷޵£ԲŻɱ
Ϊ֤ʵֿܣ˶෽̽飬֪ҹ̩ڸոսһս˵˹ؼλѾ˵ɱ˵ĿģҲΪ޵£ǲ˽е˵ȥ
ɲ֪ǲ֪һ޵
ҹ̩Ϊ澹ķ޶ɱĺַ֮ܶģ
ԴԺ𽥰ıȨͿ๦ߵĳسΪģҹĽƷƹֽܲ
õҹ̩Ұģıô꣬ɱ޼ӣҪ˴޵£
Խ˺ֵһƬ⣬֮ʵĴֻĲ㣬ҹ̩Ѱ·ʵڲΪ˶ŭ
ָ̧ס˫ۣ˿ŻڣҹĽĻ֣ҹ̩ӣҲûԵĺӣܿͲǳս֮ʧȥ
ԽɫƽؿϣʴôֻܷԸǡ
ҡͷô֣¹ػʼ棬ҲΪ˵ʯһ
ˣ˵ЩҹĽаţ£ֻȻͬǻʼѪ;Ҫ˵ǲźã̿ı֮£
Խ׸ʵ˼ҲǸ⼸ʮŮϲĶӣĸ޵ԾԲŻǰȥϧûҵҲ
ͷ߸ֳˣʵڲٿκһ⣡
㾾ҹ̩ĺβͣԸܹ̫ƽǸĺù̩񰲲
ˣҲ°ɡ
Խˣ鷿δʯͷͷžֱ˹ȻʯͷZУ߼ڹ⡣
Ϊϲرǰȥ
£һȥĪɣ׹˵ˣǰǨ磬ϻкöóԵأ
ԽһۣǳϢڰ׹Щʱգֻѧ˳ԣ
һգʯͷҲǰ֣£ĩи׳һĪ̽ĸס
ԽͷȥɣټպٹӪ
ʯͷϲлл£
ԽתһԾСУֵܾܾ˻ϵķͣҲǲټǰ߾ˣ֪Σ
ZйЦɹˣѾкܾûعңӱȥүүȻپʲô
Խ̾ʵĺ뽫ߣûڣҲ֪ǷѶˣ
ZٶЦҪʱȥĪţֻҪյϢĵֻҪرĶɽ⣬±ţౣأ
Ϊżǰ£治ȥĪ
ԽǽӹZеϵСƿӣһ񣺡л
ȻתȥǱȥɣĪȾ֪һϸҲ˸λķţԸΪЧǱԾȥұ͡


475 ֵ

ԣ˹˹֣ȥһ
ZгʯͷЦʦ֣˵㣬漸λĪɣӪأ׳лȥ
һͬһȥͷҲط
ĪַǷʯͷ͸׳ĪСɣ͸رˣΪѹ˶û˵Ҫ£һӻϲϲ˶Ǩ磬
ŵƽʣȴЩѹ֣ﾲĵģûеĻ졣
⼸Щ죬˲֪ԽظʱɫΪأµ˸е£˵ϴ磬ȴ¾ܾˡ
˶Щԣպô¿ǣҴǰ
ˣ˵ˣȥ鷿Ҫǡ
ǼϽȥ鷿Խü˼Żع
Ժˣ
˼غЦɣΪƲ֣
Խü𣿡
ǼЩգǲΪ׹̫ˣû˵׹Ͷ
⻰ԽЦһͶõõǺã
ͷͷ࣬òײҵΡ
˵Ҫǣ֪Ǻ£
ԽֱԣǻؾʱΣգ֪ôģ
ʵصЩ˲ͷ¶βʼû棬˴Ө̣йأôˣҲûͷ
Խʣǿôֵ
һᣬγѣУŽ
ԽٶüͷȻ
ԡ
ѵѾ֪ǺΪˣ
ԽȻҡͷ֪ϮҲһŽΪЩ֮䶨Ȼй
ԭ׽ҹ̩ΪѾ׽Ļ֣ڿδأ
Ǵһ
ˣ£Ǻ֮ңɣǵ취콫˾õΣ֮У
Խһͦãǰף糯оƸӣ߹ַ𣬲ֵֻ¶أˣȥɣҾ
ΪƵعӦһǣ˳鷿
Խѩ׵ֽдһ֣ҹĽ
Ȼҡҡͷ֮˸滮ȥˡ
һдֵ֣ܡ
ֿ˰죬̾һ£ֽӽ裬Ϣȥˡ
ڶ糯俴ҹ̩Ѻϴ޲߿ŭҹүȻһ⣬ͦأϰɫҲޡ
Ͽҹ̩ǿаڵأüҹ̩ͨѹͼɱӣỢһ֤ȷ䣡𣿡
ҹ̩ЦΪΪΪºͣ˷ҲΪ˸õƿرһٴ´Ϊ¶ؽҩ
ĳ뾹ȻС˰㣬Ȧױҧһڣĳ¿ηΣ񾹻Ҫѹ֮ʵԩ
ϣŲԣΪΪ˵ôҲûãƾǣ
üҹ̩ǶԴкͣɴ˷ı棬ɱһʶҲǲʵνƱ磬ȴ޶㣡
֪޴ƣΪͿ๦ߣһԲɱ㣬⣬ӣ
ԽҹϾ˵ȽԱΪһĮ߽ûع飬ɷ
ҹүϹ˹֣벻ǻ˵㣬ϳ޻˵
һ֣ˣȥҹңһӦ˵ȫѺĮ߽̣
ѻȸһڳԿҹ̩ѺȥһΪ飬׹ϵҲûҳܵǣ
˽֪ҹ̩ڴ¹ٹִͣ״͵ƣԾȫұΪ񡢷߽Įຮ֮أȥ˱ҲزˣֱɱǻҪʹ࡭
λ䣬˵Ƕ޵Ĵ
һڳصʥ飡
ϵͷǱãΨַùأҺģΣҹ̩ҰģŴҪ޵Ķǣıô꣬Ҫϴı£ʵǲòسЧȣ
һӦʾʥةܿ˻⡣
ϣһȵĴֵˣѧӶѽֻ²ŸոԱ߽Ƿɵ࿼
ϰ˰֣аţ˵һ£ҹ̩ıһ޹֮ҹҵȺǰװؽʯһ
޼ǵõʱʯͨһ״ȫҹ鰲ռ͵̲ģ²ʯͨУҹҵŻᱻݺ
ھȥΪʯѰµ֤ݣǺˣֻҪҵˣޱͣ
ϻ䣬һ̲سԽڶ


476 

ϣʯһȷɵأ˳Ѿȥ²֤ˣ˵ûֱ֤ݣе֤Ҳ㹻Ϊʯƽ
ϴΪϲŶ˵
سֻص״ἰʯӴĴϸѷǵļ֮ȫյһʾ޿˼ǣǮǴŸû꣬ȫ˸˿ڣһ⣡
ϻȻ򣺡ǾͶˣʯͨУϸɽЩ˵ļ˶ڡ
ԣΨһĿܱЩνϸ򣬶ǵֻα֤Ӻʯ࣬ʯһұնЩ˵üֵҲûˣΪ¶ʼٸ߱㽫ǵļ˶˿ڣ
һȻ
úݵֶΣ
ҹʵǶв壬ʯ൨ģ亦
ûҹ̩ŵȻ޷죬ݺʵǿɺޣ
ϳ̾һּ⣬ʯһҵΪ޽һʯһ갲Ϣ
Խȹ֣ʥ
ڳߺ϶£
̧ѹѹա
ѾʹǰͣվͽִﾩǣɳŮҲʹǰƺҴڰƣ˭ʻԸȢɳҲ簲ţɴӴʹš
һ꣬ȴӦſڣϣֻɳŮǰӦµǻ׹ݲųɣ
üࣺ˼ޣ޵Ļӣ
̾Ϣֻˡ
ϳףƾһСʹţҲ޻޵ĻԽӴ
ȷ䣡
Щ죺ڰ䣬ûôõĽ𣿡
þӦԽֻصһ뷨
ֱ̧˵
ԽɳŮ̵óѣʵһ취ǾϸӣΪӱǡ
˫һڳҾԽɺã
֣õ´˼
Ҳһ̾û⼫ã
һǱ˰ţλ䣬˵˵˭ҶԸΪ常
ڳ˭Ҹʰ
ԽֵʣΪʯϴˢԩʯΨһĶڴһսºպսĸ˫ûһˣʵΪӣҲοʯӢ꣡
ߺԼǣ
ϵͷԽ˵Ƿʯ̫࣬Ǳô˻ʯΪӰɣҲöʯһЩû±ôˡ
°˻оһڴǲᷴԣǺһ糯ʯͷ˴ʮӣڼʥּĪȥʱɰһ˶ˣ
ʥּʯͷȥӴվͽɳʹţĪСɣըë
ò׵ȵߵлʥĪȾ㽫һּ̫ߣСﳶʯͷߣѰ˸˵Ľ䣬
ʯͷ磬ǻˣҪּȥӴɳ㲻İɣ
ʯͷҲѾʥּˣͷʥʱϰڷû͸վͻȻּΪӣΪʮӣҪӴɳʹţʵԣ
ɣĪҪ룬ͶϣлԼܻϷΪôҾңģ
ϷΪʮӣԼȫΪӦǸʹţǵʹڴ⣬ҵĹãպÿԱ
ĪСɣֲõֱ˫ֽʯͷ䡣
ʯͷ㱣֤ģ֤Ȣ֤Ϊ˻ӱƲң
ʯͷͷţұ֤ɣͬأҲ㣬ģܵôʱʯ嶼ģ
ĪСɣſĵЦһҪסĻȻҾͳҵȥ
ʯͷСͷ˵ɵʯͷôȥã
ͷƯñҪȫ⣬ֻʣһСͷѿҺ䣡
ĪСɣ٩СǺ죬ߵŹͷأʯͷ滵
ĪСɣú壬Դµ뷨ԶһЩ
๫˵ģҹĽſǻӣΪηʯͷӣΪӣ
ĪȾһ˼ػصʼҵ˭˵ҲزЩҿɡ
壬ؿ
Ѿһ鷳ˣ๫ɲһֱģ
·ϽҾ͸оΣҲûʲôˣǴҪҲûҵ㾫׼
ǹŹֵĺŽǿɲֹһֻ˳Ҳ֪в֪жٺ֣аԲɵģ


477 ת

ʱҹһ˵ȿ޿䱻ٱѺҹҹ̩ҹĽһ߽
ҲڱѺУĿ⽹ɨ·ϼֵˣҪҳҵˣȣֻϧûˡ
ҹٺżҾȫѺţϵҹ̩ҹĽһ
ҹĽƼҲ˼ʱһĻ䣬ȫǰֹ̾סĿ
ҹ̩һȺȻûƼСˣЦȻޱͬ񣬴ʱԷɣ
ҹĽЩɥףµЦó
ҹ̩תЦǾѵĻᣬ㿴˭ģ˭ֶ⣡
ӣΪ֪ʵһֱңɱףɱյĺ·ΪȫΪ롣
ҹĽŪƴǣΪ룿һ߽𣿡
ҹ̩ǺЦģʵ϶˽⣬Զɣǲ֮˵ΪΪ̵棬ܶ϶϶ĶӣҲ῿ΪǵĴȥƶϣŸߡ˳ɣ
ҹĽźͷＸҲͣҪ飬Цſڣߡ˳ɣ׾һл𣿡
ҹ̩֣Ϊ书ܴɣģҹΨһѪҶȻȫ
⻰ҹ̩˵ΪݣҹĽҲۿңҾ˭Ķӣ
ҹ̩ԹЦƣԼֲˣ˲𣿡
ҹĽս˫ȭЩɣףɣ
ҹ̩˵˼仰ҹĽ𾪵ڵ
ҹ򴺵ĵһ꽵٣ҹұĶո߳ʮһ溷ˣٱɱ仨ˮҹмٺżҾҲҹ̩ҹĽ˫˫ߡ
µĹٱͻ¼عУŭǧץأ
Ȼɳȥһûܽץ
ڶ糯ʱ֣ҹ̩ӱ˾ߵϢѾ˳ãڻΪջʱͷ˵ҹĽҹ̩ͷڹ
価Ȼֱ˽ЩۿҹĽһѪܵͷǵ˫ϥд
ĩδɣѽﳼҹ̩նɱشǰϷ䣡
ҲΪ𾪵ؿҹ̩ԴϤòϤĿ
ΪҪɱ
Իϵ⣬ҹĽصҹܻʶ벻׾Ȼͨѹı
ĽԭţΪпԣֱҹЩǰȥɱٱߣıǱӣ߻պξ
ʱҲȷţ˶ԲԲպͻϵ£
ĽΪӣТȫʵ޷ܸ֮£иʥݴˮȣʵ
ԣĩЩûҹɱﳼҹ̩ͷ
ʣЩٷںδ
ҹĽ֣ŵùĽĽԸԴ·ǰȥ׽Щҳӣ
ϵˣּ⣬ٵǧҹĽǰȥ׽
ʱҹĽָ£ٱ׽ܻ񣬻ϴϲҹĽԼ
˵㸸׷ڹؼʱףʵûй޵ޱԴһƬ൨ĵķϣ㡣
ֻǲҲҹһޱʱְ񣬴պ¹ѫзͣ㿴Σ
ҹĽмعлл¡
ҹĽɹԷ·ϻص˾ǣ׵ĻڶߣΪ
ҹĽصҹֻĿǽ壬Ҳ˷ԭѩ׵ԺǽϱͿĨȫۻá֮ʡ
ҹɢʳѾ˸ɾǰͽᶼҲɫü۳ָָ㣬ֹ˵֮ôһҲ»ɱͷ
ҹĽۿֻ̬ﰵԷģЩ߲ȵƲʱǣɲûзĻᣬûɵĴҵɰɣ
һٱߺȣ˵Ī￴֣ÿ
ҹĽͷһӱżǰΪ֮˳ȭһҾ
ҹĽ㽫ҵȽ檾ͻأ
ҹĽֻ񣺡лλ磡ֻǸҲ±㲻ȽȥЪϢˡ
һ֣ؿѾ͵ҵȥϸˡ
һŮ볯ҹĽ˹ȥ
ǰͷ󺰵ɾɾû£̫ˣ


478 ִ

ҹĽЦӭ㣬㻹ðɣ
ȫһδ˵ģ꺮ůҹĽҲǴûԼһ㣬˺Ϸ˻ҹլ
Ͼֻһˣֱʱ˹ְЩҵļƱǿõģֺα˺
ҹĽѾͣ躹޵ȴʱǱǮѿȴǵȵĽ겻
Ѿסˣտǣĸ˹ȥ˴֪֮׳˹٣Ǹôƫͦӣ
Ǯѿָˣϧȴûҵ׳ʿӪʱ֪߽ںδЩʱȥʡ
ȥʱ˼ָ߽֪ʱӪ
ǮѿһջգԵĶûˣֻٻسȥЩ
սǱһӹٲ峵ӭһ߸ŰײʬףǮѿæܵһԣɻǿʬ԰ײ¶һ˫ţЬӻģǸ֡
ٲ˵ûȻ˸ɱˣǵôˣ
ڷģǿɶˣǲð졣
ȱô࣬ϽȥҸطã˵ˣ⼸ǴǣмʹҪǣװĪҪգ𲻱Ҫ鷳
˴Ҵҽǰ峵ȥǮѿһľ±˷Լ֣øû˶࿴һۡ
ΪԪҧȥ˰Ƭ䣬ֻܰˣ˼ͷҲûڳжֳͣ˳ǣǼȥˡ
ŷֲԣﾹȻЩҲǱģǸֵʬ
ǮѿûŸʳҲƵֱǱʮسžӪǱȥ
ָʿʮͭ壬һ£ϧ׳ûӪҲֻھӪΧ˸ܷĵطʱţֻܹ׳
һȥǽĪȾ㿪ĳ˿Զ㿴Ī
Ƿ첽ԣӣΪˣ
õ๫ˣϽؼҳԿȺ
ĳסС֣ӲΪ򿼵𣿡
һǰûϴȵˣѾˣôǿٹע⣬ھϽؼҰʺϴ۾
ĪȾֲһ۽ǣʺΪеģ˯̫ˡ
룺
˯˶ã
ĳ룬ʵصÿ˴Զ˯
룺û˼ⲻôѰɣ
û𿼾
ĪȾսΪûãģΪֻǸо̫˶ѡ
һۣܵѽһΪѾ״Ԫأ
ĳסǵˣӿн
һƿһ߶ȥ״Ԫǰеģ˵Ÿտ꣬Ҳ֪ҪûŶ
ĪȾί죺ǽΪǸУн
Цؿûϴִ͵Ŀ㻹ǸϽؼϴȥɣ
ܻĪֻĳ緢رС˳ͷûμӿԵֻè۶޾ɵرŸ䣬ͣǷ
ĪСɣЦ磬ȥӦģû˯ӡ
ίعһ䣺ұû˯
һ˽ʵˣȥϴȳԷԱ˺ú˯һ
˵űҪȥϵ䣬ĪȾϽסԼ˹ȥΪ侹ȻͷŤϵ˺Ĳ￴һȦȻĳֱϲȥ
ףΪûұ˯ȻΪΪ֪ʱװ䣬ߣΪӦѧӣֻÿлðͷ
ĪȾְΪ䣬Ϊͷ
˰ɣ˭ȥΪø
һС˸Ͻȥ
룺ߵģĸģĻеߵӣ
ĳЦпΪıΪȻҪԴųɡ
ַ̧ˣˣϽȥϴһ£׼
䣬ͷܽһСĪүˣͷжλү˵ɳʹŵˣҪʯүͬһȥӭӡ
ĪСɣʱʯͷֱۣʯͷ磬ס࿴Ǹ۾˵ɳŮ˻ǿ۾ᱻסģ
ʯͷɫصɣģʯͷ籣֤ᱻס
ĪСɣԾɵģʯͷ磬ܲܲҪȥ
ʯͷΪѣĪȾֻóȳ⣺ĪҪ֣ǻʯͷӴɳʹΥɣҲСˣˣСƢ
ĪСɣίغ۾ΪôҪʯͷȥӴǸ˼Ҿǵ
ZǰõģɳвŮӻ


479 

û˵ĪСɣɫ䣬ʯͷҡΡ
㿴㿴иҲ˵ɣ㻹ͬһ£˰ɡ
ZһĪɷҰѻ˵ꣿҵ˼ǲú£ĵֻһţɱľκǰʹ
ʦ֣һƿ㣬ǵÿĸʱһţѰҩҲɷǲʱźţٸȥ
룺иҽʦܾţư
ʯͷлʦܣûǴĻʦֻĵһƿٵʮš
ĪȾ֣ҵأ
Сǳ˳飬˼ЦĪ𼱣СѾûҩˣֻҪٹգɽѰζҩģһƿʱ㡣
ʯͷԸϽƿҪ⵹ҩ裺磬Ҹ㼸Űɡ
ĪȾֽ̧ѹסˣ¼ãҲպϵܸǡ
ǰһֵҪôҩģҽȥɣĵʵǺöҿӦö౸һЩԵⶾǳ䲻ƵлԵҩҲһЩҵ֮߻ô鷳ʱҲ
ZеͷĪɩ˵ҲģһЩҩ°Ȼٻȥүү
ֻҪҩҩﲻԼȥɱȽϷ㡣
ҲûǿֻǴһƱʮŵݸZС
һǧõͨҩʵ򲻵ȥɣǮǲʱá
ZҲûֽӹƱǾͶлĪɩˣСܲġ
ʹ죺Ƕһˣ²֪жڰǣԵЭǣ
ҲУ׬ǮѲңԴһҪǮǾңֻϣÿ˶Ҫκʧ
ZкʯͷΪжعΪ񣺡лɩ
ͷ˵ţʯͷѱȥˣһ˳˷ĪСɣһ͸ȥ˳ʼĺͽˣȫ˳պѾ򴺣ĺʱڣھǸһׯӣר
вٵ϶ժɽʱɽҵģ绨㣬ӣֻȵʱֳչģ
һͿò࣬뱾Ͻ뾹ȻյһС˵ƽ͵ġ
ʵû뵽һӲھű
򿪿һۣƽҪһ磬ȫǾ¹󸾣֮ԻӣΪλĳ˰Ĵ֮ʶ
ҲЩƽ֪ģϵİ˻ӣƽҲȥ֪ͦһˣױߥ޵
ùŹ֣ȴûܶȥһǰ˻µӣһƽգʵûоܾȨպÿһλᣬΪʲôȥ
ǺڶհŸͼŮǰȥˣĺ
ɣǸרŮľۻᣬĸŮ׷׳ζǰƽٻຮһȻŮϯһ߳Ժȣһ߿Ůա
ʵֻǾǹŮ֮һͨĽʽҰһҰ죬һҲ֪ϼ飬ܻͨϢ
־ۻ󶼵ȼʲôε˶ܵ룬ܹھǶԵÿλߣһְŮӡ
ͷһθ磬Ǵ˶ûףˣϱ˸ߣоģҲкģ֪˭ļȢصӣô
ϾƽĴ磬ûͷҲû
ϯƽ룬Цһﻹʶ׹ɣ룬ұʽҽһ㣡
󷽵վһȲҲ͵ȹϱʩ죬ò˵ʣòŮ˽ﰵĽɶʣͬŮˣôͳǰÿ
ƽе֣Ŀ⿴ǵŮǡ
λ׹µĺ֪һȹµ˵๫Ҳڴս˴󹦣ҪΪƷλ׹๫Ȼܾˣ
Ůһ꣬û뵽벻Щͷĺ֪ǶŮζ£ԼҲͦ
ΧɫŮһƽ˵Цˣǰıµĺ֪ҾȵҲң๫ʵֻǸѰŮӰˡ
һ˸һݣֻɫСԣһﳢʣλĪҪЦ
˵űŮװС̳еĺ񰤸˳ȥ
ƽЦˣ
Цǣвصĵطպ㡣


480 

ƽͷ˵ûǰĹأֲ빬ôôҲؾ
ֳһлˣлĹŮǽʶȫ߿һۣ
ֿһƽŰصϯλϼþȥˡ
мͲסӵѾ͵ļˣͷƬʵЩ棬Ǳ㵱һڡ
¿ɺã󸾡С㶼ᣬӽסǺȡ
ô˳ζ
ҵţˮˮ
뿴һĻϽǸʵǶԲסѴңСþЩԣǲŸζ
Ѿտڳһ죬ұòļŮʵֺֺЦ
Ҳ̫ˣǶ
ǰһʧ̬ǲܷŹˮĻᣬߥޣڽԭû㳢Ҳųһڡ
ȫ˻ֹĹСǣ̲סڿЦ
˵ˣҪŶԲźá
ҡͷòãҸоԲŴԽԽóԣ
˸̫ͣˣɴûһζô񫣬֪ȥҪðҪԣɻٳһڣ
׹⵽ôѽɫˣζ壬˳˻ԣкɣ
ϽɫӦͨͨĶΪͣ޺廹أڱ캮ضʱܳԵǾһܣ
ȻˣƢθˣʵִ̼ܲǻʳΪ
ϯϴһʱᶼִ̼ܲҲмһԾͰζ͸оϱ
׹˵Сԣﰡ
ǰһͷԳԵֶĺܺóԣ
ֱԣǻһЩ𣿡
ǼŮЩ˼ص˵ͷǰ׹﷽㣬ɷ֪ﻹⶫģ
΢΢üͷǼŮΪΪѣɻô˵ģ
ҡͷǵǣֻⶫЩСļԶڰװأⶫҲֻһң洫طҲף˵ɫСԡ
ŮһʧǾ˵򲻵ˣ
Ǯ⣬ٹܹȥϧôóԵĶôֻһأ
Ա˰οպҳԲߣҵǷݸɡ
ǰǲҷųһڣ̳ҲǷְɡ
ˣԺĹŮǸоԡ
վż˸һ鶼ļͲôһʧˡ
ɣҾ˿̻ذװȥһ
ǼŮôǸˣȫվ֡
ð׹ֻ˵ҪǮǽ˸͵ȥ
ָָ˵С̳ӣһ̳Ƕӣһ￴Ҫ٣ͳһ£ȡȫӻ
Ա߸ͷţһȣС̳ӵնһӣ˾ȻʨӴ󿪿ڣһС̳Ҫӣ
ϼŮȻؿ˿ô˰˵һҪʮһ̳أȻûôҾͶҪһ㣬һ̳ģ
á
һ˵ҲҪһ̳
Ǿ׹ˣҲҪһ̳ʱл
ɴƽҪī˺
ƽЩεؿһȺΧڰߣЦǻǲ׹ŸͬһʶǾȫȥͷ˼ң
ص޷ܰﵽһһСæңҲؿ
ƽ޵ѹ㿴ذ׹׹ʵǸĳ
Ц̧ͷ׻˵˷Լ㣬ǣزģ˵׼Ҫ鷳һæأҽύôĺýãʵˣٴлһᣡ
ƽɨһǵֽţЦ
ұͬʶʶ벻Ҫۣⷬ
ȴ͵֣飬׬ǮֶΪ
ͻȻͣ±ʣڳһ˼
ͻȻи뷨ܽǸǸãǼﻹкöƵСԣʱҾͶܳԵˣ
кãǰĵºڣҪھǿ⣡
ⳡμӵĿջķᣬһõһǧ̳ĺ񶩵ΪպӴ˹棬ֻһֳԷ¸ˣ
ʱƽ˰룬˵ǻЩͬ˵
Ҳ֪λƽ޹ʸֻǲ֪ǲһƽͨ£ĪȾ㣿


481 

ƽ˻ӣҲǾδ̫֮λѡ֮һڴսŽ湦λӶжţû׼ҪΪá
˶ɢȥλŰеѯʣôʵĵط
ӦãֻǱȰװǱһ㣬پǵط̫ˣڻʳﾰãΪ֣
ƽЦ߿ϲľۻᣬҵǿ԰㡣
ϽϥһǿɾͶлˣΪǵĸŴڣŮҲȫرϣ벻ƣĸ
ƽ£ҡͷƣϲһ㣬͸оͶԵ
ǰұû˵㲻飬Ϊ˸䣬ϼһ桭Ŷˣͬ˵ұþĵңǸûģĪ֣
һȻ״ѹͻȻǰԭĲһ״еԩ
ǲ֪ʱˣ˶һֱڻԲѣߵ˲žܾڼ̽úõģĸΥλǵ˼ȥݼأ
ƽȵӾȻйô£¿ɺˣ
ü̾Ϣλý㣬ҹĴҪļ޸ӲҪЮȥҹ
˭ǽʧķˣȻȥɱǸΣʱȻȥȻˣ˾綾
ԩˣԭͬ๫ͺǲɢĪЩҿߵȣл˼գʱѾͻذװˣһº֪Լȥ
ƽһ꣺ǣҹ˶в壬ʵǺӣǼҲˣ˵ҹүնͷ͵ǰҲı֮´ʧ
ʵȣ
˵ģҹˣ
ƽ֣㻹֪°Ҳ˵ģҹұ˸ŷ䣬·٣ҹүǽ򶼱ˡ
˺öȥ׽˶û׽ڶ糯ʱ֣ҹĽ׵ͷȥϾؼȥˡ
Ŵ˫ۣĲ˼飡
£ªţĲ֪ء
ƽ֣Ҳõģ๫սպգҹĽѾϰ˹ְֱŸ׵ıҲˣҿ๫δǰ;ӣѡˣ
ôͷҲԼѡˣҼ๫˵ƶ׿Ͻ¶õˣͷ¶ģ
ƽЦӿǸ֮ˣϲŮӣ棬ػ̹ͽر˽ĪҪٽˣҹֱ֥֥ɡ
ڳһܳ
⡭Ĳð
ƽֵһۣкðԼƺģһʣպǱðദҲǰһһǶһ㣬׽
ɣҾȥ㣬һȥ֣
ڳּ̿飬Ͻһ񣺡˼鷳
ƽϣ㣬治ףС˸ָĿףҸĺýãϧһֱԸ
밡ҿóﲢǸѹطˣ֤Ƣ
뻹ǳɣݣС·ϣŭǺã
ƽЦģұ֤ˣ֥㡣
Ϊ˼ؽһ֥㡣
ƽõػصͶˣ˽Ǳ˽ƣô㲻ףֻұǡ
ͷõģ֥㣬ֻϧ๫ֻһƽ¶Ķ裡
ƽЦһۣҲˣ๫ڴսϵĹѫҲ˵˵ԼٳһѾƣļҴطƣôգǿɲƽŮӣҲ֪պǷңҲܳƣ
֥㿴ңպ֤һͰƷֻϧǰĶˣҺ๫ھһլԺ⾩ǵĶĺù󣡡
ƽΪͬ
ɲǣǲȰװأȷʵԴҪһЩߣլԺǰ˵ʱͻ˲ֹʮ
һһ£Ժʵз磬Ȼᱻע⣬๫Ī˴󹦣ҹۺǵ˶Ȼ٣ӿɵȰЩ๫۾ı˸ˣ
ţΪҪҼ๫


482 ǻ

ƽơ
ܶǳǶȻ֪еǰҲȣ˼ɻĽɫ๫ߵǰڴս´󹦣ȻΪ˵ж
Ϊ˼˻𣿺οߵʾеĲƣֻ˸Ϊɻ䣡
ҼұòЩͬ˵֮ҹע˼֣ŷ֣ѾԼյҲ֪ʵǵģԲŻͷӣҪúһ¡
ΪԾ˰ΣϽл
㣬ɶѣȻһӵ֪ˣ
ȥұҼ๫һ͵ˣҲͷˣǱߣǷϱͬƲϵϾ
ƽû뵽ôϽ֣ҲǸ˼ͻأ¶Ͼǲðɡ
ҡͷкβã๫սǸƵģҪҼ๫һʲô˽շշģҲǸģ
˵๫Ϊ˸Լϴűϵս׽Ҫǣ
ƽϽӣͬ˵ֱԿҲͰˣɲҪ˭ſڶԣĵ£
Ͻ̧Լͷ֥ѵǣҿɵСĲųɣ
ڳһ޳Ǹģ˼˵ʲôʲôƽ˺ˣֵһȥְɣʱϸ˵һЩھҪע£㷸˲õˣɱ֮
ѻ˵أϽһľ֣ͷãҽ㣬ǽȥң
ƽЦһۣ㿴Ͷ˰ɣҽѾעˣΪ˾ǹ׽ңǲܻңüװżȥƽжΣм֬ӣʱ
ͷ֥Ǿʱȸˡ
ƽеӣ֣ҾͲˣŮʹǳȥ
֣ذɣռ
һõ׽ðļƣɴԺţƽЦݣһҰ帾ֱɣ֪
ϸһЩֻҪĪĿľˣܽߵǿǰүæ
ƽְ̧˰üǣãͬһףջеķأҷһȥϢɣһˣ
ϸһŮǰƽȥԼתǰԺȥƽرټ
ƽ΢ƿһǣȻֺüӰǰȥеװڷ۵СɣеһӲ񣬻߾Ǽװ·ϧЩûһĿĵ
ƽǰ˳Ϸ֪ģʵ˿ʲôڰӺһˣ
˵ûʲôһأȴһ£ǾڻӶգµս˲ټʣƽĿľߵţԣҲųҪɱԼһӣ
޶˾µУǹùġ
벻֪ǣĪȾڼҵò飬ļ֮±˼ݳѰˣֲܹȻȥƽŮ磬˵ƽֵתͷصֱ߲עĵطš
һȾһʱûȵ룬һΪȴǻˣ
Ҳ֪һͣԱߣΪĳŲӳƽĹ˼ҵȥ
ǺһŮӵľУѽߣҧҵĳҧ
ĪȾ͵ʶԣһȻĳ߲ˣ˸ϽԾȥƿ˼ҵĳӣתɨᣬȻΪͬһɫС߲һ
ĪȾһѽΪС͵صתͷҧȥҺ죬һ־׼סСߵߴ磬ڱҧ֮ǰ֮Ʒ
Ϊ䣬ԼܳҲͰˣȻ˸ͬԺ治ٹˣţλؼңȻҪ˩ٳţ
ĳһٲؽѵ֮ü˿Сߡ
ô죿ж˿ɲãɽȥɣ
תҪߣͻȻһŮӵЦǿɲɣģñأܷ
ĪȾеŮһһ߻عͷȥҲüֻðеСȵݻȥ
ԭǹģЩջȥɣýε˾Ͳˡ
ŮɴĪȾ˵ۿԼЩ졣
Ϊβҿң


483 ɳ

ĪȾֱԣ²ңǷӡ콫ջذɣĳ﷽ž˹ʵǱǸˡ
ŮȴֽӻߣǽЦ
ȤǴӶŰһһȫۿңƣɳأôƵģ
ĪȾЩżͷ˿ƽķ򣬼ûӽ͡
ҴǣŮӼɳڣǲԸΪˣǹٶƹһۣ
䣬⣺󵨣ƹĳôˣ
ĪȾϽǰÿĿתװŮӡ
²⣬ʵǱǸ
Ů̸Ҫʼ䣬һֻֽ
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ŮŹ˺󣺡ԼܳˣطزģͽӶΣհ
ŮһЦǿͽƱһ۶ң뿴ж棬ЩǺʱҵң
˵ű㴫һ죬Ůһ
ѽ벻ôˣϳͬһ׽Բأ
ŮεĪȾǼ˳ҪߣæеС˦˹ȥ
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Ůһ󾪽УŮӸϽֽС׽˻ȥȻԳͷĪȾ㺰λӣɼסˣԵټ
ĳУټвɣ
ʯͷܹ
磬㣡ǻͷģ
һк׷ǰͷȥ
ĪȾ㣺
ԭɳȡֱ֣Ǹ񾭲
ĳָ̧סŲӵΪ䡣
㲻ʵ޶˸鷳ٲʵͽӻɽûԣ
Ϊһʵʵӣ۾ſˣĵŭˣΪΣôЩҲ۵Ůߡ
ĪȾ㽫ջشڣֻصϣӡ
˺ð죬žƽɢˣӵûļҪҪƽʱڿĪ˹Զ㿪ʼк
ӣΪ
ڳÿ̽ͷȥȻֻһ
ĳ˼ҵĳ
ӣòųΪðˣʵļ
һۣתͷһεĸ
鷳ݻȥɡ
ɴظϽڳⲽеŮ̲סڴ͵Ц
ĪȾ㲻׽סС֣е´һ
ֻǰȥμǵȨҾǵͣûôίɣ۸㣿
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ĪȾͷΪ˼ҳΪȥ׽ײɴһڵѣһɺߣҧΪΪǳ˼ҵȥģ
һ
ɺߣǿо綾û˵ɣ
ĳ촽ЦûУΪԱеģֻЩʯͷǲѰ졣
˿û¾ͺãʯͷĵǲǴŶҲҪٳţǶ֮ҪԱųɡ
ĪȾͷΪȫӵġ
˶΢ЦصУ˵顣
ŰջҪͬƽһȥ֣ĳΪġ
ӣҲǰ취ʵڲǸɴذװذɣ
ҡͷɣ˵вʯͷΪжҪǲٻվһϣǻȥˣǲǸӣ
ǻʳǸ£ҲЩţǲĿŵǣϹעͼıĴҵ
Щõֶβλǰ㣬Ҫôǽ赶ɱˣֻҪǾһЩǼйﷴȫ
ĪȾΪ̾һϯνʤʮ飡׻˵Ǹǻǻ㲻Ϊ򷽲ñǳˣذװ˵ĵʱûٱһ·ͬУ֪أȫ
һۣ˵ֻһ仰ƿа𣿡
ĪȾͷΪû⡣
˿ɫԸܸУһĪܵϵӣ˭뺦ǻ£㣬ɶúúһˣ
ϾÿͲСĻʵ۶ɻǽᵳӪ˽


484 㻹ţ

֮ǰЩ˺ĹȻ˼Ҷ½ǰĪǮСһһǮˣһºĪöֶǧ
ڶհԼȥƽɸ׳ݳŮͬ˰ƽжε֬ӡ
⣬һӾȻ㣬Ů֬ˮۣ˼ʹǮȴûĻƱЩɫ͡
λӣǲѾѡһʱˣʵڲɣСȰȥſǱѡɣǱߵĶˡ
ҲȥԱֵȺȳۿ˵͵ĶǼСʱٹĴͣôţǿҹշ⣬ֵĵĹҲҵˣ
ǻǺҹѾ˾֪Ա߼ѡ֬۵ĹŮĿ㣬Ϊڽ
ҹĽЩ檲㱻䣬Ҳˣ˵Ρ֬ȫٱɨһգ˵ǱŻˣҹտҲʵѹ
ܳҹĽһӣ½ƼŮðЩá
һӣҪҪȻ׽⣬ױһԼ̲ס֬ӣ֮ʵÿһȻСջˣ
ȴǵҪģмۣ֬Ȼ̧ͷԱкһֻ֣ɫҲգߣ
ǻۿȥһ۷ֵİ룬϶Цӭȥ
λ룬ǵϺõ֬ˮۣʺĹˣ
ü룬ϳʱ˫۵Բѿھһ㣡㾹Ȼţ
һ䣬ĿϬؿ㣺ô㣬Ӧ𣿡
㱻ʵסػص㲻ж𣿡
۵һţ˭˵ж͵㱻䶼ܷ·תϵĶʲôϡ棿
ķӦɱĪ˵Ӧòҡ
һΣ*ѵɾԲģ
⻰ʵ˼ǵҹĽǸҿɴδȰ㻹ǲҪľԱ˰ɡ
ʵЩ£ȴûŵȥ
СЦӭʵֺޣǿѹŭ֬ӡ
һţƽ˷֬Ͻк
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ƽϳֻӦһš
δʱʶƽ֥֥˵ŮֻǳжƷԱԵλһֱ֥һȣ򸮱ҹĽҲȥ˹ְǸŵλԣƽʵƽúܣ
ͨҲӦã䵱ƽӣһʱǲƽ⼫ˡ
ͷƽڳһϲЦƽ˸򸣣ȵغһ㣡
ƽǰȵס֣㣬Ǹˣƣϲۣ֬㼸
뿪ĵЦл㣡ĲýƷѣʵûУеСǮ֪Щʲôأղʰɣ
ˮɫָϸζˣ˵ǶĥɵģʵǺûɫ֬ɫϲˣ
ƽƺĺϲЩŴĻױƷμŮ϶źۣŹױָĶƷСƸղŲŸƼ
ƽù֬ţϲص˵ͷ
ʵǺöмң
ЦһãصСϲЩ֪һϲʹˣƣ˵˵ûиõĻɫ
СǾϲǾţϲû뵽ôʹʹĻɫŵȴƽݵλǸ̺ƽرޣֿﲻã
λСӣǺ۹⣡ѾõĻɫˣֻеС󡭡
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Сƻصʮ֬ʮ
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ôƽģһҰƾôƽ࿴


485 £

뻨˶ʮӣƽ򷢵ǽһֺǣ֬ʱֱ۹ãҶö࣡
ĿǴȻĿֺǦأ岻ã붼һ˵˺ЩԼڼһĺ÷ƽǾ̾
벻һҰ帾ôĸУѹƤ֬ò߹ԣ
ãҲ˰ɣҶЩպǰͷмӣߵľƲ˼ãһȥЪЪſɺã
֪ƽҪҵط˵ûӦĵЦŵͷðҲˡ
˴żŮͻһ·ŰƽȥߵһΪݵľ¥ǰԶԶȥȻ¡ȫЩŻǮˣǰСרſأϵεģ
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ҴƿֱӿͷˮԼ¥Ķ
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ʵǲȥͣҲûϵƽΪǳһ»ϣû׼ּˡ
ʱˣƽҪƽǣĪȾͨλ˻ӵõǸƷ֮λɵǷƽһ飬պǾҪΪã
ǣҡͷ̾
㣬²˵ҶȰˣиûǿ˼˵ɶ˵Ҫж˵ڣ˼˼ǨҲǸսĽ
ƽЦ๫ǸƢɣ
صͷ㣬Цм֪ҲЩ˼˵
ƽô£㵹˵Ҫ˵˵Ҽˣ
״ΪҳúÿƺұģҼ๫Դ׳Եأ
ӣʵأҼ๫Ͷ±֮Ψֲˣ֮ҪϿԼһͬһµս
ƽЦһۣҵô˵أԭѽ֪ˣҪô˵µĺ֪أǸöҲͷζý
ã˵˵๫֮ѡأǼͬ๫һ۸


486 ̽

Ծ״
ɲ˵ʲô˶ãֻһ̼֮ŮʵЩҼ๫ҼãŮӵһգһ֪ģ
ƽͷҹȻû㣬ӣ˵һ㶼ûʼã¸ƾԼ㣬ҲǸ檣ȫҪɻʼϸѡġ
˵๫ֻһλӣʡģֲ衣
㻹ҷˣպ󹦳ͣȢ檣ӵĵλҲǲɶҡģŮӲôٻ󣬵ܰȣ۸عһӣǾĸˣ
Ϊͬصͷ֥˵̫ˣģҿûǰɵȥС檣һ˵жＰϸҼ๫ڣ˵ǲǣ
ƽ̾˵һƺʵĸ֮ҲˣǻʼΪãǸһȺŮӣҲǶԴΪģʵҲͬһ㡭
ϽƨѽƽҲǸҰˣ
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ѽҵ˼ǣȷѡӣǺȰȰ๫ȡ˰ɣǿɱеС檷⣡
ˣλƽԼ˼ýˣԲĵ̽Ȱ
ҪλػͷôС;Ʋ˵ûӦ
ŮǳȥӹƲˣ֮ϯϣɴڳһûӣ̾¥ĲɫȻ£⻨Ǻÿ
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ȳһ㣬ЩŹֳ֣һӺΣüͷ΢΢壬Ȼֳһѣǵ˵ͷ
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¸ףЩΪѵؿڣʵǼٻ
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˿Ҿ˵ˣɫǼõģϧζȴôˣ㣬úõ㣬ϣ⺣ΣĶãȱЩζϣûζΨһ˵ùֻˣûպãҲɾ
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ãҾǲԵģǼҼҵж룬ǴбĽʿ𣿡
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һ˵أ๫˽ǰĮ߽֧ԮҼֳÿЯһ£ֻҪսµʤȻٹһ
в֪˶ھΣգȥ߹أһƲϵиõķչֳӻ֤ΣգǺܺã
ЦƽôڲĪȾȥĮԭĳиֳıѫһֺƣֻµʱΪĳٷƣẦ


487 Ի

һƽ㶼˼ֱԵ֥㣬̫ˣȻΪҼ๫ܵ
ֻϧûǸ־Ҳ뿪ߣҪĺˣ
ˣ˵ҪͬҽھҪע£ҷ˲õˣ֪ҪעЩʲô
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㶣ֳһ˿ţ֥㣬˵ϲ棬ԸðദŻֱԣԭ𣿡
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Ҳ˼ãǰ治н
ҡͷǹЩɣ֪ǿʵ
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ƽ֮Ҫͨ£ĪȾ㣬ϰ;ϣֻǿģЦҡͷ
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о̲ɳǵү߻ʮһӵľ˾ˣΪ˸ãû֮з˸ǸദˣǿһҪԶЩ
о̫ǻϵĶʦǻϵɣǰʺĸףǰ̫ӵ⹫ֻϧʺް̫ҲֻʣչʮӣʮˣԴӡ
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ɻҪ֣ˣȻظЪϢͻȥ⣡
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һҡͷҪ᲻ҪأǿļҴطΨһõóֵĶˣԴԳԲġ
ҵţֻҪԹ֪ˣ֤δΣһΣ˾ӵĲɫǼĽͣǲ˼ζ
˵ˡ˵ˣؼȥ⣬㣬ļǰȺ͵
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ϸǰĪҪСӣϸĻǰļͰѱ߹ص˵ȥ
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ϸ̾ǺͼԣǴŮĶ֡


488 ҵ

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ӣɻˣӻ࣬Ϊȵʵļ٣
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ŮôЩ⣬Ҫ³óԵѽ
̧ӵСԴЦĪұ³Ҫ±ζү͵ų԰ɡ
˵ĪȾһۣи׳أ˵ֲɵ㼱ʲôѽݣлͬ˵
̧ͷףͬZһɽȥҩ𣿵ȥȥֲҩЩκĲ
죺Ϊβȥ
ĳлصΪֻЩ飬һţġī͵ѰСӣСһ۸Ϊ䣬˵ΪǺã
ƣҲҪŸһɽҵģɽܣĪ˵߻źü粽Ůӡ
оΪ䣬ĲܣΪһƲ⣬ҪҰѰõ
ĪȾ㣬ߣҵϽ˩Ȼдȥɽֱˣ
ĳУôЩģΪɶֻѵһ
ί֮໹øϽĳ飺ӣΪˣҲĪһԱأ͸Ϊı
ֵͷһ۶ӡ
ͬ˵ǲṦͬZҪȥɽ̫ΣգԲܴһȥЩڼͷҲԲЩ
ƣ˵ģŮӲţǾĹأڼҹԹԵȻͬZɽ
ĵصͷţǶȥͬ˵
ֵٸƣЩССѼСӻظоŮĶﶼ̸
ȥ˵ƾ;ϲ鷿б˳̫ˣɲٸֻСƺǣ
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ڻʹݻĴլԺΪأȻĸɹŮ
ɣ¸ȥͷС
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ٲĪ˲˿Ǻ£ֱԡ
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489 

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490 ʾ

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ʯͷڸɳʹŵİȫնûлعĪˣĪСɣżϻ𣬿Ҳû취ֻܸɰͰڸеš
׳Ҳֻһ˻ؾӪٿͷʲôµָʾ
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οǮѿ度˫˫Щ˶У£
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๫˵ôһ˵ʵ๫ԺҲҪֿ˺òãҪһȺӣһҸһ𣬻һúТðٰʹ
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ɽȫ˾ˮĶߵͷӵģ
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491 ˮ

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Ǯѿһʹ⣬˫Ծϡ
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֥˼ҹ̩ɱ㼸λֵı
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492 

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493 ׾ǰ

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494 

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˵˰Ĺؼ֤ȷǳĪҲû֤ЩжͽͲ˺µĶҩ¹Ӧϸźöۣԩ˺ˡ
ٶϰ꣬鰸Ҳܵƾĳһ֤ݱ۽ĪȾͰɣҲҪʣϸʵǻвڳ֤أ
⻰ѰĪȾ㣬֤֤ĳʱд̣
ĪȾ㵱»⣬ڵҹδĪһ˶֤ҼӸլûΪ֤
ϧ⻰ֻǼһ֮Աǡ
Լеô֤˵Ǳ˵𣿡
üǼ͸֤Ҳ֤ڣõٲΪĪɣסĪҲ֪๫ҹ
Ǽ棺ʣõĹٲȻȥĪɹô
ˣ˵㲻ĪȾ㣬˽Ҳ̫ЩɣеĹٲ˽ˣ»Ͻ㣡
һͷߣ
λᣬ˵ԭĪլԺ¹Ī˵ģլԺʱҪٸæտլԺɹ¹ٲŰǰȥĪæŹլԺΪ˽
¹ϣլԺǮҲ˹⣬ʱϻ¹ٵӳޣλſȥʻϰ
Ǽ˱һ鶼ѿ˼֡
һŭɵΪôٲҲĪլĶοĪȾ书ǿҹɱˣ˭ܶסԣ˰Ѳ˸ϵ
ûˣĪȾ£Ҷɱӣ˹֮ͽҿ˭Ұӣ
λһ£׼õĹٱӿУбָĪȾ㡣
û뵽Щ˵ץ˾Ҫץˣŵزսĳд֡
ĪȾԶοػסС֡
Ī£ΪͲû
ҲλĪҪļץˣնʱ䣬¹ٶᾡҳףƽƽһĹ
ϧǼ˸ͲģƺѾģҪĪȾ㵱졣
ǲ뱻˻ͬıĪҪͽΪˣⰸӰĪȾΪ㽫Ѻ̲Σרʣй
һףҪе˼


495 ҷ

붼û뵽ôù·ֱǷ
Ѿˣ±ּ򵥵Եɣĳ֪ĻΪ˾δĻλ˰˻֡
˻ɶˮ͸ƽ±ͽ˶޻ĪȾ㣬˳һǣУһʯ񣬼ɱһ֣ǿľֱϲɣ
ͨͨȴû취ֹ£ԼȲˣֻĪȾλ£ûзٸ
๫
תͷĪȾ㣬ѯǸɴ򽫳ȥǼ̬չֻֻ̬Ӷ񻯣
ԽǱѾûжˣںܻɣǲϵ˾в̫ƽԲŻѡܱ㲻
Դϣ֮ûȥĪԽڸ֪ĪȾ㱻׽ˣ᲻跨ȣ
һ룬ǰ±ֻ»ôܳǣ
ɴسĳʹ˸ɫᶨ׼ûȥˣ
ĪȾյʾ⣬΢һ˼Ȼſ˰֣ž֣һ
ˣ֮ˣڴģƽ޶˾ްϵ
ɲҲ֪һòǾץһɣҼ岻ãǻɵҲֻĪȾɱƽţҼӣ˻Źߡ
ջץסֱۣסš
๫ҲͬߣûɱˣҲûƾʲôݣ
ĪȾ˿סС֣Ŀؿ˫ۡ
ӣΪҲߣ㿴ˣڰ참ǴҪǿͷϣҶ˼޿ɽҲ̣ΪͬΪһ̱ƹУ
ֻҪúõģΪô£ίʹΪܣӣΪģΪһ˸߰ɡ
ҡͷҲҪһߣҪҲһҾͲˣɱǾ̫ƽҪһ
ЦΡ
ˣˣˣλɺãĪֻǸŮӣֲ书һµȫˣȻΪλҲֻǻĪȾ㣬ĪˣͲҪһ׽˰ɡ
ĪȾֵֻҪλӦŹҼӣԸ־ܣҲĪҪֲˣ
һ䣬һɾЩλ˵ĹñƵʵһ
ʶĳе汻Ƽˣ޼ɵɱ䣬Ǽ˭Ҳֲȥ⼸˸ϽڳһļƣԸص˵ͷ
ȻĪȾһ˵ǱһӣˡĪȾ㣬־ܣ
ŭ⣺ʲôһ˵ûȫǱԩģ
ĪȾḧĪҪŭЩ˺αضѿࣿ븮ظɣȻΪʵǳ
ѹˣ˱һȺϲļһ׽ߣȴĻ֪ʲôĥ
뵽ϻ˱̵˫Žŵװ嶼ȥһ㣬ȥٱƴˣ
๫һߣ
ĪȾҡͷΪߣ븮ڻǰΪ仰ԩģϣ죡
ӣؼҰɣΪڵһҪԼ
˸Ͻǰ룬ȰĪ˻ǣĪ˵ûԩģ֪˶Ī޷ģЩĪȥɡ
Ҳ֪Լ°ﲻĳУﻹѹɺһɱΧӴĳ͢շһģǱԴҲԸĳһԩ
๫ҲҪأ˭ҪǵҶ๫ộҶҪǰ״ȥ
üٲͳȥٶתĪȾ㡣
ĪȾ㣬Ȱ㲻Ҫ⣬ǸӣǱ֤Ī˶̲Σ
ĪȾԱһ˭˵Ҫӣδֿ£ֺξǴĻǳˮ߰ɣ̲ģյҪʶһ£ô̲ôЩľҷ
˱һɫ࣬ջ
ˣ̷ĪȾѺ̲Σ
мٱ̧ųصǰĪȾ˫˫ȫסŽѺƽĿ̲֮Ρ
ڽֱһĻˮֱתʵֺڣ֪գ粻ǣ
ߵú޲ϻظĳүȥ̲ʱԱһݲ۵ﴫһ̾Ϣ
룬ҡ
͵ƿȫΪ㣡Ͻ๫


496 󶯸ɸ

ԽδƳǵĪǸ㣬¡
붢Ǳһĳӣô֪һ˸ô죿㲻ǣԼܰɣǻôùȫΪ㣡
Խ̾˿βŻص֪ȥɣһʱ㡣
üǼ߿ջطг
ٲѯʣĪˣĪȥ
طӦζ߻йٲأԽȻ˵װģͷ¶βģ˺;ĹϵǺõúܰ
Ȼ֪ô£ûֱӸǰͷٲĪ
Һҵĳүӡ
үӣˣɵðң
׺ͷһۣѾͷЩ±ϷûԹأȫˣҪЩͣϷòײŸסⶼûĳˣ㻹Ϸ
һ
±ֻҪ๫̲°ԶҾ͸٣
׺ͷһϲ
棿ϷҪԣٶٶԣ
ͷ˵ֻҪϰ๫ȳ֤ԣ
ĳͷһתָ̧סѾͷģĲóԣ
Ӧʣɳɳɣȫģүӣʲôʱ֣ҵ๫ᱻộھȥ
׺ͷ뵽˵̲Σգգ۷ʵ㷽˵ȥ°ˣ̲ΣǿʹãϷ򻹲뱻Ҽɺ
ۿͷ
ôأ书µһ˭䵽ǹһƳȥ̲εϵ׶ƷǵĹǶǰСƣ
ĳͷתҡͷɲɣ̫ˣ̲οͭǽڣͷͷرأǰý٣ǵط°ˣɽȥֻ¶
Ҹ㣬Ѿͷˣ๫ɶϢһ࣬ʹ˻˰ˣ
Ϸ룬ϷͽٲɵĻϷץõȥƩǸСӳÿΣð䡭
ŭɫһûԼͽܣޣҲһķҲүүˣߣ
׺ͷ˿˫ðСˣ
ŮΪСӣڶԸүүɣ
ͷһƲڣڣ๫ҵȫ磬̣˲ˣҪȫ˶ͬһܲųɣͷ֮ޣ
ĳͷ̲ܽأǿȫɱͷ
ԩҼ๫ƾʲôҾͲܽΣ˲ѣԼ취˶ҩը̲ȥ
ĳүһϽס
ҪȻϷȥԣϷ򱻼ɺѾͷɵһӰ
ͷүģֻҪ๫ȳǱɴ⬣Ҳһӣ
⻰˵ð׺ͷǿ顭
ŲˣֱӸϷվͳˡ
Ȧһ죬ؿүӣѾûˣҲʵûа취Ųòæ;ȾҼ๫ɣǵ治ɣҲΪϣ๫и̣Ҳˣ
ֻʱ󣬸ñһҪʼҵԶԶģúùԼӣЩ˼ֱǳ˲¹ͷ
Ǻ͸ˣʼΪ˶նһҲˣƽ޹Լһˣֱɶ
ĳͷҲΪƣϽƲ壺Ҳлʼҵ˶ǰУֻлʵСټǼı˶ӣ
ֱ̧˰᣺ϻ˵Ҫҿ˵һû˭մ˭ù
ˣҪϴʱȥΣҪ׼ЩʲôZֵܻûУЩҩ˭Ͱȫ
ҵϸһ£ȫ˶ҸطȺֻҪϰ˾Ȼһߣ
׺ͷһȻ
ǰɣŮ˴󶯸ɸꣿҪȫһߣլԺզ죬ã
޵ΣұΪǸ¸ĺõطϸٰʮӣͷ½磬ڱΣҲֻЩ֮ˡҾͲţݼҵѵܶ
׼һ£첻£ٶ֣ڻе£ȳһˣͷžˡ
ҵǣû뿪Ҳˣպñھټ롣


497 Լ

Խ˵һʱڳĹúԶøϽȥô˵
Ҵ˱ɴʲôȥԼͼĳүðͷ
ŮԸǰΣϷզͬǰ๫
Իصǲүһ˰ɣҲû£·ƣϲʲôСԣһˣʱϵҲеûţ
ĳͷһóԵģ˵ߣͷϷϳ
Ҳû˰ӱ
үһ·ϣһ·ɨԵģûſڰͱûһľСԶȫǸʳζ޶СЩ̾
ZʮҲ̫ˣұԼûзӦҲûˣ˸ʱһٱ֤̥ãҪԼǲǻиӣ
ݳͷһ߸ϳһ߿ѾסıǺ«ﻹ߶ľǲóԣҲ̫ˣǽûˣᣬóԡ
ʱλմһǽͷѣջʳǲ̫ƽʱ̹سţסȥҪȻͽˡ
ĳͷȵأ
תǵȥˡ
ƿӳſһۣȻ۴˴ʾͷдŹسźͿŵʱ䡣
îʱţʱ̹سš
ѾʱˣʱÿЩسǣżڹǰǲС
үӣĪˣߡ
ĳͷ䣬źյߣȻ˼ңʵûò㲻ϷҲôЩûʵĻƿС
ӳеݸһˮӣĪ˶ӣӻװóԵأߡ
׺ͷϲЦտӹһֻһּǰȥ
ĹʢĴɼٺˣв붼󽡿ƽġ
ҲѰһֻӣͷװЩƷ˴һ£˵࣬˼ɨ⣬ֻʮͣеڹǰϹ󸣣еƿǰЩ͡
ûƵԽϾһվҲǸ۵ȴֻЩѰ棬߸˶ûС
һŮߵǰ˸Ŀ⵭
ŮʩѰ𣿲֪ѰѰŮѰѰ󣬻Ѱ׹ݣ
ȻŮݣô֪ҪѰˣ
Ůִ˸ţصŮʩӽűڿˣǿʥȻǳηݷ֮ˣƶ˵ÿɶԣҪѰˣƶɣں
ͷûҪѰˣѰһλס
Ůƶˣƶɡ
ûٶ˵תйһϿεŮûţֳ˵ţ¥߹հһ̣һĵСԺǰ
̧۾ͿԽվԺУһλľ㣬һһн࣬ǽһƽȡ
·ֵţʩҪѰѰˣԱɡ˵תȥ
ԽתĿ⣬üڣкҪ˵
Խ򿪲ڣɣǱĻĸ
Ȼû뵽Ȼ̫ãѵҲǶԵҵʧ͸
˵Ż̫𣿡
ߵľްֲλĸƺֹˮ
Խһڣݵľ͹ˣĸҲ
ȻλĸȻϹ
Ǳ
⻰ڶžͻֵˣ²˵Ҳ֪ö˸֪Ҫô
Ҽ๫ۣܵѾץ̲ȥˣѵû֮⣿
Խ̾һλԶļѣһĸһһŮӣɽ˻ʹ㲻òȨС
ϣΪ룬ȴϣôҲҪ룬ֵó裬޲Ҫʱ޿̲ΪѣҪı˺ĺӣΪ˱ȫҸʣò˫Ŀ˫ֱܵŵӹнѡ
ҲĪ֣ΪǷƲϵѾ㲻
ϧ粻ֹЩվ㲻
üͷ壺˼Ǿֻϵùǵ๫սҲڴսϳͷᱻΪǵ֣Ҫſϰݣ
Խҡͷ㲻ףĪǱţ˵øҶֻ뱾Я֣бó汣
Цµ˼๫ԸΪãͿϳ汣ˣ


498 ֮

Խζһ˫濴˿롣
๫ԸΪ𣿡
벻룬˵ľƢأĪȾ϶ԸԽİ֣ĸԸΪã
ԽشԹ˵ΪУȻΪãҲǿˣԾɣԼѡ˭·ʽá
һ㵣ʲô˼
Խƴǣ
˵㵱֪
ջգ۾ǲ֪ʼҵ£¹Ȼ֪ˣԽ⸱ܹݵ̬ʵˡ
ûʱㆪ£Ҫ˵˵˵һسˡ
Խһ׽ס󣺡Īѻ˵Ҳ١
˦֡
л˵ֶţ
⸱εɹĳԽ˺һ˸ơ
ɣվͷ˵ָǽж
뿴һڻľᣬʵ治ȥΪ֪ҪԼͬ϶Ϊѵؽӡ
ڳ輫򵥣һһ齣ϰżţ̫һֻϣ˫۱ţüĿ붨Թϵľ㡣
Խִһţȥذȴû
ͷ˵𣿡
Խü㵣ıʧʵɲأڡ
ͷһۣȻϤļںС
Ǽ˼վ񣺡׹ɣǵµþˣ
룺
ôڣȻٵĳпв졣
ţԽֽŹˣֱߵǰ˱裬ҲõһϣֽĳֵĲСϷ£Ȼ󹧹վһԡ
ЩŤ»лֱ˵ɡ
ԽڣһӸһذը
ƽҸʰɱģظ£һ⣬ȫҸ֣֮߰ν鰸ǰڰӶѡ
ǿ飡
ƽ׶𣿡
һʾ֮ǣԽȻͷ
û׶ӡ˽֪ƽҸһλȴû֪λνĳʵǱĮļϸ֪ݣӣƽżڼðԼλġ
ʵֹƽʺзСȨ뷽跨󹬵ߣɶ⡣
ʱ򸸻ʸյǻãҲžһң飬̣Ų㣬Ҳ¡
֮²ЩίߣƺǣյǣʱĴ㣬ֻδӼ̳϶£ûôʮʮİ
Ҳ˵֮ǰλֳ֮£ʵһ붼ҸԼΪΪľЩѪ
ҹ̩ı棬ɱӺӸҸʵ׶ӣǸʹʩֶΣñ˶ΪҪǶΪҹ̩֡
һԶԣһ˵زʵڲ֪˵ջǱ
Щǻϸģô㣬Ӧİɣ
ԽŪһ
ЩȻ׿ڸҵģǱЩ棬λֽ£Բð̽һλ˽̬ĸ˿е֪һࡣ
ˣͲ˵Ǽٵģǹ㸸ʵ𣿡
Խҡͷᣬ游뵱ϣֲҸʣֺα֮Ĺϵ
ϧλͶԻʼʧ͸ˣʮ뿪˻ʹĴѧֻҸʳǻһӣعҸʼ꣬Ϊܲ˻ʹĳֲˡ
ˣõȽٿȷǸĸҲǸ谮Ůӡ
̲סǹģĸȷñ㣡Һã㸸ʵӣȻ֪Щˣ
Խ۽΢죺ĪҪĸЦĸѾˡ
뱻񿴵ȫһ䣬Цʵź㸸ƫĸȻ֮
ԽȻЩѹȴ˵ļ
ȷʵźڸǲܳ裬Ǳ
ĸҲŮӣ˾ɫر
֮ԲŮ*ΨŵһΪѣҪΪĹѾ
ĸϲһСĻƽ׸˸ʣΪ˱ƽΣʱΪܹذĳҹ̩ƽֱˡ
һľ֮Ҳֲ̫˰ɡ


499 Ǹ

Խһ΢΢ʧصת롣
֮ͬ˵Щʵֻһ£ҸǸĻˣıû˭͸Ҳһ
Ϊ֪Ὣô˵ӣҪʱ᲻Ҳһ
Ϊһλֻû֪ʵһҲ뵱ϣҪĺݾ飬ô˶ҪٰƣǱ
ֻϧڵң̫ѣս£Ǹȥģȴ˵ǱӧҲֻԼδʵȥ̡
ҪñʿҪñлҹ̩Ƶ˱ٳ̿ҹйء
룬ʵĺ뱣ߵˣĪȾ㣬ʯZУЩͬһ𳤴ֵܣȫǱϧˣȻʼЩֵܽǸ׽
ϧǿǶҵߣΪƲҲʧΪһֺð취˳˲ֵ£ЩڳʵԼֵҲ׶֣
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˵๫ûΣգ˰ץ̲ϴһٸһν֤Լ׵ĻᣬҪϱĮսΪЧ
ףԽôһȦӣֻ˱ץʵȫǻϵƣ
ı㣬Լñӵ¶óЩĻ赶ɱˣ˿µľƽӦˣ
ô˵๫ֻһαĮսˣ
Խֻǡ
̲һڰڶ˿ĪȾ㣬ҽһ飬ĪȾһվУҲѻϸһ飬񽻽ӣĳû¶־ɫҲ֪ǰ˱Ǵľ֮
ԱһٺȳĪȾ㣡񣿡
ĳ䵭ɨһۣδ߲λ˭ΪҪ񣿡
ŭ˭ٴΪβ񣿡
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ˣ
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ĪȾϽ¿˸ͷһֱ죬ؾصһߵϣ
ֵ񣬲ʵ⣬Ͼ¹ƽϰУԹҲ֮Сֻǻ죬ûɱƽһң׽ʵԩ
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ĪȾһ󶣵ֱ죬ԩ
ûɱƽһңҲû⼸λ˵ǰϵУ죬һ
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̾Ҵܱ߸죬˴֮ĮȴִոǿڴսϸŽ湦
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ĪȾĵȻˣձ¶ˣԤı
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ҡͷǾֻˣԸϣ
ĪȾϻصûɱƽһңȻϣ
ϵͷǱȥ׼һ£ͬ˺ȻȥӪɣǸ֮ˣʧ£ĪȾ㣬Ҫ
ĳʶԼϸˣﻹأֻܹ
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ΪƵתȥֲʩչṦҲ޳ֻͣͽؼҡ
ΪӵģĪȾߵ÷ɿ죬ӭһ۶æ·ãȴܹ֮ͣ£ֵͷ׷
һŮӳ󺰣ι㣡ǻԵտִһˣ
ĪȾ̽һŮӣŮɴ˵ѻˣϴɳ¡


500 Ȥ

ǰ͵ܳĹǱͷȥԼ·
ŮһݳĽŲ
ιôˣô֣Ǻֲħ֣ôҿأǴôǧҲ̫ò˰ɣ
ɳʮظĳб߱ʣĩֵҪȥģһ̰
ĪȾһֱԼֻվ½Ų˹֣²ʶùҲʶعͣλﻹԱ㣡
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Ҳ£ֺηοҵĳͦأһؼңټһҲã
ĪȾ
ɳֲ֮⣬ֵô㻹⣿ҵĳ۹⼫ߵģܿߣǿߵң
ĪȾ
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ĪȾʵص²ѶϣǲﻹĪҪپˡ
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ﻹأ컯֮£ĪҪ¶ֶţ
ɳ˵һ㶣ŭЦҶ㶯ֶţλӣ˵ͦΣԵĴ˳࣡Ҳñ㶯ֶŰɣ
ֻ˱òҪˣ
ĪȾ㷳ʤģҲҼӣ¾࿴һۣ
˿֪仰ѾŭɳҪʩչṦ˦£;Ӻͷһ
ĪȾһѽ䵽ϵС׽סҧһ˦ֱ˦ɿ⡣
СײһʯǽϣžߴһȻϣȻֱӸˤˡ
ɳʧɫȥԴײ˵Сߣɴ˫ۿĪȾ㡣
㣡ɱҵĳ⣡
ĪȾҲû뵽һ°˼ҵ߸ˤ㶣ʵֱɳ˫ۣϿҵǸ²ģǹ޹ʷȣµıˣʧֽ˳ȥ
ɳȻһ䣬ȻĪȾڽ䱸˫ʱʩչɳһе
ĪȾֻǰһӱɲ⣬һסĿ⣬ֱʶҲ˽ȥȻһ㱣ǰͻȻͱģ˰뽿ο˵
ͷһϲǰ׽ס˼С֣ӣ㻹ðɣ
ɳã㶼ҵĻ
ĪȾͷһϽָΪ췢ģӵĻֻǡ
û˵Ҫȥ߹ص£ɳЦ
棿һȥɽ׽߻ǹҵģ
ĪȾһ£ͷã׽ߣΪȥֻõӣĪҪš
ɳͷ֣

ϧһɣĪȾʱ˻ͷԼȻɳ֣Ͻɿɫŭ㡭㾹Ȼʹ޳ֶΣΪ
ɳû뵽Ų˾ѹˣͷΪջ𣬻ĪȾ㡣
㿴ҵ۾˵
ĪȾĵߵ벻ɳȻӱ˵ֶΣֱt
ʵڲԸŮӶתߣҲǲǴ죬û˻ᾪֱʩչṦԾ˼ݼһӰʧɳðˡ
ɳֱλû뵽ڽײϵһ๫ȻǸ֣
ѾʯǰԹαôҲλʮΪ֮ݣԲһδε͵ܳʯĹעϧûʯעλĪȾ˼Ȥ
صػصĪһű˳
ӣɻˣΪʵĵý
Ͻ֣๫ˣǿж̣
ĳҡͷûУӷģΪõúܣ³ΪҪϸ˵
ʱһ·ҲһӻҪ˵
ĪȾ㽫ĳŮֱӱ˶û׺ͷ۶ĵθ֮١
ӣΪҪսˣ
ҡͷȥˣûûˣΪùǻʮƣΪϼƣ
ĪȾɻ󣺡Ѿ֪ˣ


501 

ǰ˷ϲ
˲ϺȲ裬ûУҡ
ͷүŸս˰ںԺѡأȥ
ͷֽ߼ŮҲȥɫĪȾ㡣
๫㱻Щ׽֮˵˺ܶʼоͰǣҪϱĮս£һи׵ġ
ѹɿذԽͬ˵Щ½һ飬ĳҲֱ࣬˼飡
ֱͷС
һ·һֱ룬Խͬ˵ôʼ᲻ʱ׼ҵĿڣǸҷޣûûˣ
ϻ֪м׶ӵļٻأŪһһأ֤Σѱû´Σòˣ
ԣҲս֤ʲôˣǸɴֱˣ
ʱ̾͹أѾˣҴżʱǣʱߣ˶ǣǱأ
ȵɫ͸跨֪سǻϣǿӱ޸Ͻ룬Ҹ߻ʵԶĵطֳСȥ
ĪȾоס
ӣҲִ̫ЩɣҪߣҲӦöЩ׼ŵĵطٱ㹻ݺʣΪһܿ࣡
οôһˣǽǶ£Ǩŭȫɱˣ
»϶ȻýָߣŴҲϼ
Ҫ߾͵ϸϸ㣬һְԤƳǣ˵ȥϱ⡣
ֵܴ̺Ƽ뿪ʾ˵Ǵȥҽ￴
ӺɣүӻͣΪΪƽ
ȫȻ˳ǣûٱע⣬Ϊ跨뿪ǻϡ
룬ĪȾűȽȻһȺҾͻȻǣܿϹע׽һȫһ޴ӱ粵Ҫһնˣǿԩ
İ뿪㱻׽סҲкʵĽڣڱɱͷ
ǺðɣͰ˵
ʹӺԺˣ˳š
ɵɶ£Ѿȫˣѡ֣վܳ
ͷܺãҷһ£ٵʮЩʵǲȥﶩʮݴʮݴǿһЩϳȫȻѼѾͷŮС˼Ҷϣһ뿪
һȻѾͷŮкãСǼͷ𣿡
ҲЩΣ֪£ô˸µ˴׸
ĪȾһۣģǰ⣿
ѾͷŮȻã·ϸϴ£˵طõϣСǶʶֵģúôǣպǼҵˣӶˣҲǶһ棬ܰ
һţϳֱ£߶ȥ˶ĺǣ£ÿճܣ׬һʣʱ򶼸Ǯ
ͷ˳·Ǵϲ˼һǧԵ֪Ҫôͷɴ󣿡
ڳһЦݣǺǣٺȻ½˵ֵֵǮھʲôͿ۹ˣ˺ԼѡǣĪˣϽȥɣЩĻҲܶЩ
һģɾʮ㣬ȥ·ϻŵЩôã˳жűһѲ߹ٱΪ֮˺ʡ
СһӶô𣿡
ԷǹٱʵصǣģҪ⣬⳵Ǳõġ
ʣ¿С绹ʮ˵
ЦǸѽЩ֣Ů죬ȥЩϸ»û취Ůӽ󣬾÷紵ֻĴ
֪Сô⣿
ЩͷˣλүûϸҪȥϱѵҲŮ춼ǹȥģҪˣ
ٱֵԭˣºˣСĪ
ֱԣˣۿ𣿡
ٱͷС㡣
ֱظȥĪȾ㱨һ
֪йٱʶʲô벻ɳһͷ亹ĵҺ˻ǣϵ氲ֶǣóȻǣ񲻱ץţ
ĪȾһۣеǣסС֡
ĪҪģʵڲΪȥĮٴӳ顣
ĿᶨҡͷȥλһЩʱգҾͲܲˣ
ؿǣɵΪҪȥĮΪҪܣ
ԺС˸Īүˣʯүظˣ
һĵʯͷʱظֳɶ˰ɣ


502 Э

Ȼʯͷ˵⡣
磬ɩҷŽӵּ⣬˵ҲҪһϱĮսô£
һϸּˣ˵ģ
ĪȾҲὫּµ
ʯʵԸ棺ʥּ˵ҪͬһǰĮ֧Ԯر߾ֱĮսƽϢܻҪҼල磬ѫ˵ǰκβضҪȫȨ𡭡
ҲżŻΪΣɩѵҲǺԵ𣿡
ջһĪȾ
ĳн˵ʯͷƽ˵ˣ⽫ڵҵͷϣϱĮս
ʯһȻ⡭Իϸּ뽫һ
ͷøı㣡ȰΪӣʼѲ˸ϵֽ๫ǣһ𣬾ǲѵĻᣡ
һĿɿڴβŲһ䣺ɵ˼Ǽ̯ϴǡǷܼˣ
ĪȾ뿴صļһһۡ
ĳвβܼ
ҲһΣڿҲֻʵʵˣ
ʵֻغһңӱˣʯȱΪʮӣֱǰȥɳʹŵİȫ˶ǲܷһһġ
ͷԼ򵥣˵ⲻӰ죬˿ĪȾ봷ĸɶһ٣תʯ塣
ʯͷֵܣʱһУһɽ֣Ը⣿
ʯһ£ֱԵ˼ӱܱĮһСܾòΪ˷۾֮
ѾˣĮ㲻ԱҲݣֺαطȫ˵ȥɽ֣
ҲôշĸоʵڲһҲίȫ
˵Ѿʮί񣬵˼ȴҪȰĪȾ㲻Ҫ嶯Ϊӱܳһ˴Ӵ˼ùʵǲ֮٣
ĪȾʵҲηϱĮս뿪ӣҶηҪĳŮƴӣʵðʧԲ˳Ⲽôܣ±ʯͷ˵һ٣Ҳδ˴ʱ׼ټ뾩ǵͷ
ǰ˳˼ʼ뾩ס
ڻǣȷǸܵʱһҪʯͷΪ˸ʯƽʵףҲЩĲ̡
ȻҪĻһСİΣ벻ұ֤ôսթжƵǣ֮ٲұ𴩣Ǹûס˰ѱ
ֻʱĳоͲһαĮսôˣ㲻һӶøʼ
뵽ͷȻһ
ԣôӳ飬õİ취ĳιԹȻԼڼҰвú·ʤΡǾ͸Ͻ뾩ûϺ̵Ȧ׵Ļᣡ
ĪСɣ˷ܵǰֱʯߡ
ʯͷ磬ɻˣôЩ춼ûϢǸɳû𣿡
ϲԹʯһΣתСｿģ
ԲɣʹǻҪЩʱղŻ뿪ұĮ߹ƽţѾ˻ҪٶȳֻҪòһˡ
ĪСɣһѹȦЩ죺ŴӴôҪʯͷ磬ʱߣ˵Įǿຮ֮أȴҪӣҲ㣬㲻ȥɲɣ
ʯΪѣɣս²ݣΪ֮ܶһսѾôձܿѣĿŸ˼ɢ
սĮбˣһƬ̩񰲣ʱǲܹҸȵӣ㲻ϣӿЩ
ɣ֪˵˽ЩûΪ˴ԼҸ֣ʯһŵļѵҪΪҾ
ʯֻʣһˣҲΥ׵Ľ̻壬ܹϵΣϣףս²ݣֻҪҪңҾͲֻСҶڲˡ
ĪСɣ˱죬ͷٰ㲻ԸȥսɻǺ۾ǰסʯͷĴ֡
ʯͷ磬˼Ҳ֪ǸصĺжҲΪҲϾңֻϣʱ̼ǵһڵ㣬һҪΪұأ
ʯжսС֣ͷˮӯӯ˫ۣãɣ㱣֤һᱣԼս½֮һú㣬ֲЩǷ
ĪȾ㾹Ȼιһ칷Ǳһӳζ̲סͷȥǱļһ
ĪȾҲסĳŮС֣ӣɻҪƻ£
һۣӶͨҪִܣǻһСˣˣӱ㲻ӣҲüסսǧĪǿòй޹˷ͷ»ĳЩ˻Ҫ㣡


503 

ĪȾʵ뿪ң뿪ӣҲΪԼһģֻõͷ
ӣΪ򶨻ᱣԼֻǲ㣬һڼûΪչˣǧҪСġ
ЦһڼңĪ˶أֻչ˺ԼǣΪҵġ
ʯĪȾͰͨˣҲֿġ
硢ɩ뿪ͺãʵҲͿʼǣس̵ĲҪ֮ܵ־ǳҲٻҪٹʱ䣬绹Գ⹦úɩ
һĪСɣ㼱ʯͷأҪĮҪɳϾͲܻȥҲϢ𣿡
ʯ̾˿úý͡
ǰǶ׻ΪҪ޶˷ΪӣѾˣΪɳʹš
ɳĹϵѰ˽ӴɳŮ֮λɳԣѰǰȥȻĻ
ҲֻдӣƽȣߣܲĵӰ죬ʹſڰȫΧǡ
´ƽţͱĮŻ༸ܱ߹ҲڹʱϾԲɳҲһţٸѩϼ˪ԲŷΪӣ񽻸ңǲɳŮ¶ˡ
ͻȻֺܲõԤУ֪ɳ˳ʹĿĺڣ
ʯͷҡͷЩʹδϸ˵Ҳֻ빬˻һΣҸʹŵİȫҲδ֮ЩΪӣֻ÷֮£ѯʹ࣬Ի治֪
Цһʹֻ²Ǻ׾ޣԸϲٻӦɳŮȻĻɾ鷳ˣ
ĪСɣʱɫ˫ֽʯͷ䡣
ʯͷ磬㲻ȢǸɳɣ
ʯҲķһԽԽ޿ܣһ󾪻ţҡͷصǾԲȢǸģ
ĪСɣһϱȢأʯͷ磬ǿô죿
ʯȻһ亹
⡭ǻӣɣɣȥϣҶ˵ĻǻȢǸ㲻Ȣ
ĪСɣû뵽̬˼жͷţţʯͷ磬ǲʣұͬһ
ĪȾһͷߡ
ʲôµĻǾһֱˣʵӲ˵Ҳ٣
ĪСɣ˰ĻϽĿڵɩ˵öԣҲһҪִȣǾӣӵĺǣֻҪܺʯͷһҲֿģ
ʯסСֵ˸ͷãȥ飡ɣԸң
ĪСɣϲؿʯͷ磬㡭ھҪȢ𣿡
ʯͷǣΪ֦ǲڱ㽫°ˣ硢ɩǿͬ
뵱ȻûĪȾһ£Ҳͷ
˵ﶼߣδʣ¼ȨҾʯͷֵС
ӿڣˣڱԸȥΪǶ׼¡ֻǲ֪ʯͷֵǴǸϰ£ѰһطԸĸۡ
ʯ屻סˣЩΪѵ⡭ҵû࣬ǲʰɣ²޸ֻۡһСԺҪίɣˡ
ĪСɣ̬Ҳ£ֻҪʯͷɻ飬סôլԺҶί
ʯжжɻǸоһжܸһļҺھΣ
ɣȥһСԺίһ£ɻ֮һҪȥĮȻĪסһһһĸۡȥ
ĪСɣͷʯͷ磬ⷬҾѾˣûĸۡܺһҲҸģ
ʵܲˮᾢˣֺ̧ͣ
Ī˻дɩأԵҿܰﲻϣǮ¿ѲסңլԺʯͷ㾡ܽȥҺʵĵطʮӱɣȸð˹ӹٽˣҲ١
ʯֲ˼ʹãʮҲ̫ˣֻһҲ׬
ĪСɣȴһѱϰֱۣɩҾ֪ɣˣɩģʯͷ׬ǮҲͬһ⣬֤ػʹ磡
һ֣ع˹Сӡ
ɣ־ҰСӣǮʲô׬Ǯǵı£
ʯͷͷİɣǮаմɣһ׬ֻ棬Ůǰüǣ׬Ǯ


504 踾

ʵǽüĳȣ
ĪСɣļˣʹͷͣûұͬɩһѧ⣬ʯͷ磬磬ֻܲϴ٣Һʹɩǣ
ĪȾһۣ۵ؽĳŮߡ
ӣ׬Ǯ²һʱҪ㻹أǧ۵ΪҪˣ
ĻʵĳŮᣬһۡ
ģзִ磬ҲûǰɵأǮ׬ٶҲΪôΪ׬ǮԼۻǲǱĩ𣿡
˵תʯ壺Щȥ°ɣó䣡
լԺ£ǿԼѡûʱ䣬ȥҸˣкʵĵطֱӸѡһҲɡ
ʯԵֵǱʹɩˣǧﶼԱʯͷĸм֮⣬󵫷õСܵĵط硢ɩֻܷԸʯͷԸЧȮ֮ͣ
ĪСɣϽάʯͷ磬㲻ҴʹɩŲͼЩأȥϰɣǵúú˵һҪǻ
ʯͷɣģ¾ǻҲı
̬ĪȾ㻹⣬ʯͷȥֱӴĪСɣͬĪȾһţȥҸȥˡ
ѻŴǻصԺŬ񣬲ȥĪСɣȥĥôúɸｻĵһ
һСѾߴҴҴǰ߹֪ΪЩŻţ
غһǰҪ֪ѾͷŮ⵽Ժ𣿡
Ժ󶼻ɵУ˵вĪҶһɻɻкܶฮĹڸҪɹ뵣СѾǵİȫ⣬Ժ߶
СѾ߲֪ΪܵԺˣײ;ţʣǾֱֽð亹ͷˡ
һ㶣ɵ
СѾͨһ˵ϡ
үūһذɣūͬϲһʱԺиŮˣģʮֿ뵽ū澵²̣ͷūûв²ŴӺԺԺǽͷԲųûע˺Ժ
үкãĪҪ߷˳ū澱֤Ҳˣ
˵һ*ʾˣȥĶ
СѾ̧ˮ۾ؿүҪ𣿡
ǣǰû֮ͬģЩӣû׼԰
СѾ߸Ͻվָү̫ˣ֮ǰںԺǽַŶã߲ˣ˻
ͷţ߰ɣǹȥơ
һǰһĪԺȥֱĵţߵԺԺȥ
ǽ£һһߵԺǽҡͷЦԺǽߣСΰͷ˼ң
СѾ֪ƣѾôˣƤͷū澿Ӹѽ
أ
СѾֵֻҪ⸽Լʰõġ
֣ǰͷҰɡ
СѾ߸Ͻͷ˫ֵݹȥȻ۳ݵؿԾǽͷվԺǽ·˿
ԺǽͷԶ֮Ȼһڡͷĸ˰뵹ǽ¡
Ծµ棬߹ȥڣλɩǶˣ
Ǯѿ̧ͷ⿴Ϥףؾɫҵؼ
ûϳһǮѿµòʵǽʱͬգһͷҵͷס˴ף϶ûϴʵûڣл۽ҲԷֱ⵹ù
ǮѿַӦΪֻǸ踾һһէֲ˵һҲ֮С
ֱӰͷ˹ȥ԰ɣҼСѾΪġ
ǮѿʵҪˣͷҲ˲Ͼˣһ˹ȥֱ
⶯ΪǸ踾ͬҡҡͷһǮѿǰ
һӣȥܶͷ𣿡
ǮѿϲһѽץȥһϽȻֺҵ˵ͷʾ
̾˿ֵûмΪһ˳ַ
ǮѿʶûϳԼµһתͻȻ̧ס
˴ˣŽҸϳţһиĺӣϾҪˣϧûӸץҩ
һ
ɩԭǷ踾
ǮѿҡͷҵĶҿĺӰӣܾˣΪڱܸϣ
һͬ飬һ


505 թ

λɩĪҪˣʮӣϽȥȺӵɡ
ǮѿһѽǶӶ˹ȥȻͷҾˣˣĴţ
һʤ߼Ҳҵ컯ɩĪҪлˣȥȺӰɡ
Ǯѿͬ˵˻ᱻϳҾӳǽˡ
Ҳδ룬ֻǶþˣվͬؿǰһ·ԾǽͷԺ
ǮѿͷԺǽԾԺ˫۲ɶ񶾵Уϸ˿ǴլԺѾ뵽˰žס
Ůʺ޽ӣҲ֪ģǳڰǰȻֲȥӣҲƵ뿪Ƭط
һ·ãͷţֱײһ׷ԲԵͷϣŻع
ͷϱ˸ƾɵײˤڵأˣæȥ񣬼ͷݺݵһۣ
Լû뵽ײԼǸӣһ벻Ұأʵǵù
ǮѿԳһֿ׹̲סվ½ŲϸǰͷӼۡ
ȻˣǮѿ԰λеӡֻǶţҲûˣҲͨȷ˰ǷǱ˰
ҾҲûãİѾ֮ǰˣ߰ȦƤɿģٲƴǰ̬žʵѰˡ
ҲøһʱϾɫëⷬڷ˲٣˵Ǳȴǰ˺ܶ࣬ʵӹǻʵһЩ
뿪װغȥѰиԼβֱ˲žǡ
֮Ǯ¶ϼ޻Ҳûҹͣôһ·ߣһ·˳ЩţŸյǣδţȱǮѿײ˸ͷֻù͸ˣ
ϼһﱳֳǰȥ׼ѰҿջЪЪţȥլӰȻˣأھ¿°
Ǯѿĸڰ󣬿һҿջðûٳж϶ڿջסˣתȥׯҴѡ
˴û˵깰ƾɵ»ˣѰ˴ˮһͰˮԼͷϴϴɾͷŻͷȥǼҿջƹĴǷһλ˱סꣿ
ƹĵȻǵðϾлӸϳȥԵͷôˣλɩˣ
Ǯѿҡͷǵǣֻ˼ҿûǮס꣬ѵѾס𣿡
ƹĺǺЦɩĵصǺã治ģͷǮһ־ʮƱɩҲǱƭˣ
Ǯѿȵǰɣ˼ҵģлӰ
ջƹЦЦɩû棬вЯƷ˶ǵı˶ϣͷֻһˣҲǺ¶˲ƻԲŰɸģ
ǮѿȻ򣺡ԭˣҶൣˡ
ջƹɩҪסꣿȻĻ۾кȥˡ
ǮѿϽصס꣡
ҲڿջסҺܿ˰ķ䣬ڰҪ¥Էʱȥż
ǮѿڳһеЦݣȥס˰ĸ첲
˼ңôһ˳Ű
ذѱ˽䱸ؿǮѿ
ŮѾϴɾˣͷҲ˹ķ٣ޱ߻˶仨ҧİƬûϳǷڽײԼķ踾
һЦݣ΢΢һɣصû취ŮТ˳϶ҲֻԸԸˡ
Ǯѿͬ̾˿ǿΪүˣһ뵽ҵĵϧǶϸûȵҾТ㶼ˣТǶɡ
ǺǸЦТ˳ඣ
Ǯѿֵ˼ʧͬ⣬չɣ˵ҲûôǮֻҪһڳԵģ㱣ܲٳַ
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ͷһǰƺҲһˣǵǸɿǿ԰յߣеĹҲǲģܱҸ㲻˽ǿ
Ǻ֮̽⿪ʵСѵҲûԵļ𣿾ȻչûҪ϶
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˼Ҳڤڤ֮עүǶʧȥˣŸֲĻᣡ߰үӣȥЩȻĥô죿
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506 ıƺ

˿ڳԷˣָ˼ϵ⿪ڣѾûԹˡ
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ֻǷĵװһ࣬˸ͷð
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һ߳һߵͷţɣ
˳ԱǮѿðԼ˿ջȻȥ֮ıӰЩɵغǺԹԵȻ˿ջ
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ò˵ǮѿǸŮˣȻѰǸסСԺ
һ·ϵûʲôעǸԺӸǰһ۱㿴ԺϵķٸѾˣ˵ĵطûƣԺȻûǱһ֮
ǮѿˣɿߵԺǰ˺˷ԺӣϽԺٹϡ
׳ӽݣһűŵһɸõĳζѬˡ
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СԺȷʵ־ɣ˻ĵطҲûٶޣǽǮѿȰѵƵϣ̫ڣôҲ
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ֻվڽŴƣǮѿһǽߵĸӣɢע⣺˼ңϿлӣûУǺã
ĪеЩԵȻȻؿջɣٹ
ǮѿΪǸػصҲãֻǺôԶҪٻȥ׼ܡ
û⻰תҪߣǮѿԼȥݺǿŻ׵ͷϾһǣ
û뵽Ȼݶͷ⵽ػһû˵˵ϡ
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Ǯѿûͣŵһ·ܳԶҵһˮĲݴһѣþˮԼͷֶϴɾմѪѻˣ˿˸ƧĽ鿴ֻĶ
ɫ̫ƱϵǼֻԪ㹻ֵˣ
Ů˾ϲѵؽԪƱȫŽ˿ճѰǾҲˣȻûһŰȥ˳ǱҵһСջס˽ȥ


507 ͷ

һ߰ĪȾĪСɣһȥ˾ã˼ǴΪ⣬ҲмΡ
ĪӿûˣƽİӱҲĪκΣίĪ֮Ǽ£
ǺǸЦ
˲˵Щ׻ﶼ
˹˹֣λòֻǲ֪ǰк£
ֱԣǻҪ鷳һΣһլԺģҪλݡ
һ㵣
ĪӺͷҪլԺĪ뿪ˣ˻ϵķͣ
λ˵İĪȾһ
ҷ޶ҪլԺլǸҼӺ÷ģ˿ɷܰæ
ſڣǻҪլԺֻûǰ㻮ˡ
ҡͷģһס˵ѰլԺֻҪɾͳɡ
˵˵ͷ⵹Ǻ˵˸Ǵһ£֪ǮҪ󣿡
ûʮڣҪ죬ýվܹ
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ĪСɣʵļ̲סڣˣһҪ찡
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뿴լԺСݹλ֮ѡ˾ǼլԺȻĪСɣԼһ
СＤˣֽϻլԺͼѡһŸΪ˳۵ģլ۰ֻԺӣȴ˵Ժ̨ͤˮ鿣ɽУԺһƬ԰ӣҲò
ڿԿլ𣿡
˵ͷԣԣȻԣλͰִȥլӡ
ĪȾĪСɣһһ룬Ÿ˳ƫ˺ٲǴŰһȥլԺ֮λ˲һĽ
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ĪСɣΪ⣬ĪȾҲûǺһļϣйٸ˳бլԺܿͰ׵ˣĪʱĪСɣոµķʵ˵Ŀģ
Ǳʯ˹֮Ҳֱ⣬һλδޣҪڳ֮ǰ֮ɻ飬ϣµּʻ顣
⻰Ȼüͷӵؿϥǰʯ塣
ѾǴϵʮˣʣ޻ҪѰһźõ£ֺαļ
ʯһϽȭ֣ĩлϵĺ⣡ֻĩɣлԼҲˣĩҪȥĮ뿪֮ǰһ֣


508 

ϺǺЦ˵ĹĪȾӰɣжţһռǲõСѾͷڳǰȢҲϸ㴫ڽӴ
޵ǲлԼֻ޻ٸһŻ£ѡʵŮӣһȢţҲձ϶ӣ
ʯæܾϣĩǼڴڽӴֻɣĻԼĩɣһһ⣬ʵȢô檣һžв죡
ҡͷʯ壬˵ɾʹشˣݿǻӣлֻȢһҵĵοǸռǵСһ޿ɲܴӦ
檱ѰƶʣµŮӣҪ޿ȢҲգ
ʯϽĪСɣ⣺ϣɣƶʣĩһĩĳ谮ĩҲûǰ಻ɵŮԻĩֻȢɣһɣ
ϰ֣ȻȢһɵŮӣҪȢȢһݣҲô˵ĵĺù
޶ˣǹ޵Ķʦ̫ĵŮ귽ʮļѣ֤ί㣡
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ʯЩʵػصʹã˵ϷĩΪӣĩԼݣʵԽ
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ʯһ㶣ԽĻһɳصѹϣȻϷΪĿĵģ㲻ΪɳҲȻԭѵΪ̫ĵŮŮӵǺͷ


509 

Խɫأְοļ򣺡ҲҪ̫ѹֻҪΥʵ⣬չ鲻Ầ㡣
ʯ幰ллºѣ
ԽʾʾҪ̹ȻԼݣʯ廹Ǹо黢
ֱӰĳ˼ΪִΥϵԸҲѱϻôˡ
ҴһصĪٽǰŲΪʵڲ֪ҪͬĪСɣĪȾͣҵĪСɣѹ
վ˵ҲֻӲͷƤԺӣСȴһȥ˸ãûء
ʯ΢һԽǰȥˣɻûȵĪȾǻظ¼ɳֲˣ
λھʯʵǷʤɻȥˣϾ¹ĹϵҲݲ
ǱĪȾͰһϲϲһأϾɳ·꣬Ҳ㱻ֱײǵĳײţ
򼱽סƥܾǰ߸¿ɺã͵һЩȥĪȾ㼱æŰԳԾ˳ĪСɣ⧲ؿԴг
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ĪСɣͶɳΪɻ䣬ǻͷ
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ĪȾ󾪣
ΪŲΪֻһ˵ģ
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ĪȾɣĪҪ˵ҼʱӣĪΪ㽫ߣ
ǺЦ֪๫ôͲ˼һ׹Ҫϴ𣿡
ĪȾϽ̬Ϊ򲻿۾ξԲٱ룡
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ĪСɣɩѵţ
ֱѳȥɳʹڵݣǷ񻹸ţ


510 벻

ܿһͬ˸Ȧʻȥ
ɳһΪ˼ҵ˦вмߣתͷָȥ
ͷָǲ΢΢һ
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˵˸ͷİĪүǰҹ㣬ھִ߽꣬Ϊҹ˳ϳȵ
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ĪСɣֻܶźͷҲĪ̫ˣ׷ġ
һ·߹հƵھǸͬûʱѸںͷɳͷֲˡ
λҲ˵ãԼ·Ȼ㶼ŻţһҧĵֻҪסǰͷͲҲֻ֣ҪصֱİƽͲ»زˡ
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ʯҡͷ֤ȻҪɣѾϱ⣬ҪȢֻȢһֻǻΪ죬ŭ֮±˵ҪԱĮսϻٶ
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üǿ֪̫ݣ˵ǻϵĶʦǻϵɣǰʺĸףǰ̫ӵ⹫
ƽ˵̫ȫ˵һ飬ĪСɣһ󷢰ף
˵̫ĵŮүүǿӲĺ̨ڹΪչıãһɵӱ磿
Щ벻ס
˰žǺ⣿˵Ȣ̫ĵŮǵڸʯͷһǿӲĺ̨˵ʵ޺ѵһƬģҪֲʯҵԩĿǷ
ĪСɣԲ޳۾ίɩ˼ʯͷȢ̫ĵŮǺˣô찡


511 Ů

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ʯȻݶ飬սĪСɣСְοɣģΥʥּҲͬȢΪޣǸ̫ĵŮãֻ׼㣡
̲סǿּΥ㾫ұĳԣʯҵļѵҲԲ㵱ԸһշʯҼ
ʯһεִȣҲûа취
ҡͷֻ쳤վãΪ˺ڣɣԹɣ޹
ʯҲģ
Цһû˵׼Լδı仯ԣõİ취ǷδȻû˺鷢
ĪСɣæ׷ʣɩôð취
룬ϵϲںǵ뷨Ҳں̫λŮ뷨
ԣҪӳ飬ЩʯͷУӸԴ϶ϾָĿԣϵּҲһ飬ܾϵİţʱͲǿּˣ
⻰ü˫۴
ĪȾͬԼǣ̫ʯͷƷּͻ飬ҲȻҪͬ飬̫˵֮ǣɱǿּ
ʯͷûֻǲ֪ҪŻ̫У
ĪȾһۣ֢ҩ
ûҪ̫ϲãϲʲôˣʲôˣȻٷУе£Ȼͻλ̫˲֮ģ
ֵӽֻ֮¶ɳĻаţ֮ǰǻöһַųɣٳɲ̫ŮĻ£ͷٸָλ
̫ǱߣҪʯͷķУλŮҲܵģһүүϲöƢأ
˵һţǸɳĪСɣһ뵽
ɩ˵öԣҪôܴǵͷŮ˶ʯͷ֮أ
ٺһЦõİ취ҵԼˣ
ĪȾޣӸ
ʯȴЩģɳԣ˭ۣסأ
ĪȾ㿴˿룬ͬԽ
ʯһƣû֮ʵѡɲ֪ô̫ĵŮ䣿
⵹Щס˰룬Ͼ֪̫ĵŮǺƷԣҲûʲôԴԽˣѲλһȢ
Ҳǲԡ
Խ鷿һοƿΪɫļĪһûס硣
Դ̧ͷһۣ˷纮ǲȻȥЪϢɡ
Խдһ񣺡Ƕиˣοƿ֮¸ʻڵ֮жɣ˶ĪȾ㽻鲻Ϊ˽֮ӣʵڲӲ롣
ϺǺЦ֪㲻˽ǣĪȾҲȷǸ˲ţǾͿԵıְɡ
Խͷǣˣ
˻ʹλһҹգͷҹ˸ܳͻһƬ䣬̾˿ҹڵϯ뽲μǵĹ£εܰ⡭
ͻȻӭһϮԽ˭
һ׺СͷȰɹͷƮƮϡ
ϳ˭ŵʱһɣүˣ
ĳͷûǣЦԽСӣ鷳ˣ
Խɲ죺֪к鷳ϲϧôѣ
׺ͷҪһˣͷʵ̲סԲųųһ¡
ҼҸŮѾƺˣȢǸɳ̫ḯ϶Ů
Խһ˵˭Ƶģ룿
ĳͷΪֻûҼҸŮСӣΪһ֣ϷӲѸɹŮһզûãĪĳСӣŮҲʵϷʧ棡
Խ
үӣ˼ĪŮˣˡ
׺ͷ췭˸۶˼ңĪԼ˵ǰߣһ˵⻰СӿˣƭϷ򣿡
Խôԣ
ս²ݣȷʵЩŮ˽顣
ĳͷͬ磬ԹԵ²
ϷŲôԴأ뿴ɶʱܱСӿĪҪϷõȰͬгˣϽؼ룬ɳĵŮϲĸ
ԽϽص游뱧ﻹѾˣֻȥ
ϰ׺ͷȻٺһЦЩǲĻ˵أϷɲҪͱϷۿģñ˰׸һ
Խ̲סǺݳ飬ҸǸ游ôӡ󰡡


512 ʵ

Ҫ̫ϲòѣʯѾʶ˲ٳйԱɳʹнӴЩŽӴʹŵĻͽ
ЩȫЩĽɫ֮ʯڴս´󹦣ֱΪӣ˾ط˸ӣеĻĶĥȻǰ;պû׼ǳ¹
ԣʯ̫£Щ˸ȸذڳһ֪޲Ե̬˵ҲͬС졣
̫ǸΪϽѧΪ΢Ű壬һ磬ҷЩİĵķǳ֮Щ̰Ľٲѧӵܣ
˵мʣ̫ѧ峵Ÿ߰˶вٴԱϣԼҵĺָһܸӰպ;Ҳ洦
ôرţƵĴ׻ȻԼҺӽ鷿ûһգǼ㱻̫ش鷿ȻʷºݻЩֻ֪ĲĻɫûλ̫ҪȻԸѡ
Ȼͨʵֻ̫ýλسһְԵѧʿרڹԺڿΣЩ鷿Ķǡ
ʯ̫Щ¼Ƕ壡ֻΪ˲ȢǼҵŮò跨ӵĽɫ
ĪȾֱӣЩ±⣬ֱӾ͵ȥˣŸл˼֮ͷǰȥ̫Ϊˡ
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ĪȾĪλ̩ѧ֮ģ
ǾۣλƨĵҲ̫鲢ï˰ɣ
ǲ֪̫ʹ֮£
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ǺЦ̫ҲΪҴ֮Űɣ
ϸȴһΣβȳҲȻ̫ҵҵΪЧŮǶɵһȴǳ˼ӣû˼
̾˿ͬҼҶбľ̫ҲΪͷʹ
˺֪ĪΪ£
һػƽ̫˵ǸΪԵǲ񸾲źһʡ
˻Ȼ
ԭƽǶλ֪ˣƽమŮ̫ƽ˽Щƫ֮ҲΪ棡
ΪĪҪȥҵҲûòСǵ̫˵ļӣҲǺһ
ĪȾϽллѣ
պ󣬾෽Ѿ̫һھе˼ʹϵ͸ϲö˸߰˰ˣ±Щ뷨;
ȣ̫ǸԣҲˣ±Ը⵽ʳǸ¼ֵ̡̯
սůϲȥʱĪȾʯͷֱ˹ȥʵʼӣ
⴩һͷ·޲зһŲԭ˧ĿϹڳ飬ŽԱһ̯˸Ȼֿʼ̯ͬ˶ġ
ʯִӣĪȾվһָֻţǺĳ̫Ա໰ʱ壬̯в֮ǣʯֱһ˼Ŷϣžžֱ죬Ա̫üͷֱ壡
ĪȾ㻹ԱקöôĴһָʯ壬˴غ˼ҡ
϶֪λү˭ǻ׷λǻϵӣǴʮʯү
ͬ˱ӵ컯ҷϻنµĸͷ
̯һĻٶ죬ü˳۹֣С˵ĴλүǧĪҪ
ʯһͷϣ¸ƨСүҪ壬Ͻģ
˲ٶ˵һӣʯĪȾ㶼Ѿ̫ջؿǣǺʯҲһӣһڣ㽫˼ҵһƬ
̯ŭԵؿҳӣĪȾ㻹һԹЦ
ʯʵǸֳ¨Ҳ̯ǲ
ʯͷɲǣСүˣӮѣĪֺȾƶȥµʵȤ
̯ͷ˵ǻҪӮԼǮʱʧɫλүСС⣬λкãͷŹС˰ɣ
ʯ۾һɣֳȥôţˣ
̯ҷֱ̧סͷӣԱ̫ʵǿȥˣŭȵס֣


513 ˾

ĪȾ㵱վ̫ѧŵɽǸĿӴ֪϶ô£壬ȻŭʯҪԲ˶ߣ
̫ŭø˵Ĵ󵨿ͽӽ£ȾŻ϶˺Ϊǵû𣿣
ʯҲվм϶˭ѽθɣƽ׳˱϶ҵͷϺ죡
̫㱻⻰ѪԱŭ
ǻϽշλǸΪº͵ʯ壿
ʯ˫ۻأܹذͷһ㣺СүС϶ǲ
ָ̧̫£ðʵǺãϷΪʶ׼벻۵ʱ㾹־޳֮ͽţϷǵȥǰһҿŻʶƵѰգ
ĪȾƲЦ϶ΪԸ˭ϣ࣬ʹųĿ壬Ȱ㻹ǳԶ㣬ĪҪٶ£
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ĪȾظһͦϹͣʯĴ˸ĪȾҲ
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ĪȾЦ϶ţƤõҪˣ㿴ӵԾʸ𣿣
̫۷ڣһͷԵڵأūʵǿȥŭȳĪȾʯˡ
ʵ󵨣ð̫֪̫֮ʦǵΪصʦǻϵ̩ɽ۴Ĺɣ
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ϡ˼ң̫ɣ
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ʯϽֵǸԣ̫ǧĪ棬˵Цġ
ĪȾǰһɪɪģûϢġ
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̫һϷ㲻ŰԵ֮ˣǲ뽫ϷϳͷǱϽжԶ߶ԶϷ򿴵Ǳһ
ʯæŻҾĪȾˣ˹ŻŵܳԶͣ½ŲĨͷ麹
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ĪȾ̯֣Σ˱ǳɩҲںܲܿȡˡ
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ĪȾ㵹ǲںνͣ˵ΪȢ˼ҵĵŮŹ˵ֻԽԽڣǰˣߣȻظŵ˵Ҽ
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˵ĪȾҲںص˵ͷֻҪӿģΪν
ĪСɣһǿżĪҪ̫磬ǸɳأҴɩ˵Ҳ̫ĵŮһϲأ
ʯҲɳĲͷֻҪֱӽɳȥƺҲ̫һЩ
ҾŹȥݷã᲻̫ʧ񣿡
룬һƣ
º˵ȰѹݣȻټװڽżһֻ׷ĳЩˣʱǱֱܣȥ֮װ׷ȥǣԽپҲ˵ĲֻܹɳԼ񡣡
Ʋ߶ɳ˵Ч
ڶɳ˦ʯıתͷͿĪȾϣŰĪСɣڽֱСԡ
λ˫һУǵ˹ȥ
ǣǿԩ·խǲҵߣһҲӣ
ĪȾϳȥĪСɣǵɳһۣƵҸΪٸǣҲǰ׸
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ĪȾŲأߣɳգָȥ


514 䣿

˿ӣֱķȥɳּĪСɣʱͷƣûðɣ
֮ɳݣ֪Ϊ˲˺Ƿŵͷһֱ
ͬǰк磬ǰ룬񸾵๫ĪȾ㣬ǰݷ£֪¿ڸУ
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ĪȾ˸ͷĪСɣҲźͷԵɳеŰҵҪĵӾж󣿵ǰˣ
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ȻΪԼɳ˲ȰǸϽȥɣҪ˿£Ӣ䣬ҿ˫ʮӣ
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ԼһݺݶŰ롣
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515 ˸

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ֻǸʹѾͷСʮԼǷ
ЦһۣȥˣүǸḡȻԸǾͲùˡ
ûԵҪ˵ʹȥɣĪүҪ顣
ͷǣˡתͷŮȥɣ
ŮѾȲ裬ȫԹԸһǰŹˣ˶ؾԶԶģ͵̸
Ժȵİ׺СͷƵǰһȺˣгԺȷ£˳󴰴˳ȥԾݶϸױжԻ
ĪȾһݣΪҹȥºɳһ°ˣٽ˴ΰǹ⣬һӵƽֵĽֿڡ


517 ʧ

ݶĳͷǿ飬аĪȾСӹȻ񶾣Ҫ˺ܻǵóѣֻȢٹҲȢˡ
ɲɣôɿɰҲֻҸŮô龫ֵѾͷ˿ɰ޶һǸĺӣ
һãֻŪȨƣȤˣ
ҶԽ۹лҸŮպܴճһԶԼܱһɰ
ؼĹؼĪĳС߯Ŀˣӣ˼Ҷ֪أҸŮԼóԵģֱɶ
ԣ˵ɶҲĪȾСӻĺ£øŮ˲ųɣ
ԭֻе뿴ֵСͷԽԽԼ÷ˣΪδиһ棬Ϊ˶ٶٳϸŮʳóʱͳѽ
Ǻĳͬӡı֮ҲԾݶй۲츮п͵͵ȥʱͻȻһ磬ͷһСͷЦ
ĪȾգգۣүӣк£
СͷٺһЦ£
ĪȾ»ǻЪŰɣ»Ҫæ
׺ͷǰ˴գæģҾͿ˵
ĳУ
ˣ㿴ֺαͬеĵͷƽϣ
ĪȾתͷר¶Ÿ˵Ķ򣬲һ񣬺ӱ㰤һƣûŤͷһ۾˹ȥ
һæóԵģһߵĳ׽˻ֱȵɫҲû˻ֲ죬ӣǰԺլӸһȦûˡ
ȥˣ
ĪСɣҲ֣ѲǸ߳ȥˣ
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ĪСɣһ±ƣҲ֪
ĪͻȻʯ硢ɩɳֲˣ鷳
ĪСɣӭ
ʱģ
ĪСɣɵû˵Ҳ֪סѽ
ʯЩżҲ֣û˿ݳҲû뿪ݣȴˣѾұݸ䣬ʵҲˣǣû𣿡
ĪСɣͷû
ʯûĪȾ㣬һ䣺粻ڸУ
һɲԤУҲƺǲڸС

ʯ巴οɩĪҪżϱˣŹȥңȥȥĵطңҲֻǰȥѰˡ
ҴȥӸо鲻ѵԽѾ֪ǵļƲߣ˸ץȥˣ
ɣҵȥ
˵г׼ĪСɣ͸һȥѰˡ
Ҳ˳ףôҪȥģöһȥɣ
ĿһᣬСãȥȥͻأԹڸУ͸̫үһǼҡ
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ӦһСĵġȻֳĳүסݺүү鷳տһ¼һʱȥһˣ
֮ûֻӦȫسǱ˹ȥ
ֵүүүӣ𣿡
ɴ߹ǰţүӣҼҷں𣿡
Ծû㶯ZǱ˳лֻװҩСƿ
˺£ʦ𣿡
ҡͷ˰û˻ӦǺȶ˻ǲڣ
Снҩƿ¸ĪĵɩΪתȥʦƺЩ纮
ӹҩʾȥȥүӰɣ没ˣҿҲĪҪߣȰҲ١
Zй˹֣ãȥơ˵㳯ĳͷȥ
ûһֳˣʦڡ
˵ֱԾݶһȦΪԾݶɻΪݶʦǲڣѲǳˣ
룺
Ϊݶǿ϶ĪȾȥģôΪԼݶͳȥˣ
ĳүӣƽ˳ԾǳԣϾҪˣȻڣ
ǹУر࣡
ĪЩֵܣ鷳ȥ
Ҫ֪ЩŹֵô£Ҳֻȥһ̽ˡ
Z뿪ûоܾĵתֽΪ佻ǰӹ˳еĪֱȥ
⣬Ȼܲ죬ɻ븮ȥһǽ˸š
Խ˾鷿ŵ壬ҲʮȻ
׹ôǰǳô£
ɨһȦûֱֲ֮ԣµǸ֮ˣǲ촰˵๫Ūȥˣ


518 ֮

Խ΢㵣ɵ㲻ǵ滳ҶĪô뷨ɣ
ǺǣҲ˵׼ܹ鲻ΪʲôԭȰ»ĪҪΪãҷ޶ֻ밲ȹӣֲʼˣĪΪǵڻң
Խüδĵ㣬ĪȾȥսҲ֮٣ǳԱԤı
֪Ƿ޶ϲӣҲԸȫǣ㲻𣿡
ӿ˻ȥȻ˵̹ǱĪ˶ɣ๫ģ
ԽӲԡ
˱㣬δĪа֣ҲûпĪ֣ǲǶԱô᣿
üԽ̹ȻĿ⣬¸ҷ𣿡
ԽȻ̾ע¾ָģûĪа֣Ҳ֪ĪȾȥаԣԸ
û뵽Ȼķģһ£๫ȥˣô֪Ҫɳģ
ԽȻؿɻ˫ۡ
ѵ˼ҡ
ʱ뵽ĳ׺ͷ˵ҸүүҪɳΪʲôҪ㣿
ԽΪҪң֪㡭
һۣ¶ɳȤһ񸾶ԵҲû˼ʾҸүүΪҪ㣿๫
ԽɫһĿƵüͷɻǵñ˵һλˣҵĹҸʵ£
Ȼһ
µ˼Ҹүүλˣ游ǻˣ
ûһѧԸܻʼĸˣλүӻ˭
Խͷ
ʵԼȻû뵽֮еĹѸɶͷԼߵˣʲô¶
๫ô
Խʼ򣺡֪Ҫˣ๫ô游ͯĴ𣬻֮֮
뾪һ亹
ˣϽɳҳѽ
Խ˼صЦɷңǵ״ԱΣ
Цһ
ʵĶԵʲôֻΪߣԹЩݻʵȫûǰ˼
ԽЩص˵ͷǾͲֱܹˣ游Ǹ֮ˣµô¶ó׹ﻹΪ๫һ°ɣ
޵صµ˼Ӳˣ
Խתص鰸ǰ๫ҪæҪæȻ᲻ܣȥ˰ɡ
˵ǼͬϤ
ջسһ£ǾͶлˣ񸾸ˣ
Խֵ֮£Թҡ
µ񣬰ֻϹùѸŵͷˣ
յسZмݳɳʹڵݡ
ڳϷѰɳʵҲ벻İ취ˣߵļָϣ
ϧʯĴѰɳֻܽЩϽź
صĻϷźţĪСɣͰｹصȣֱһĹʯſӱ޵ظ˻
˵˿Ǳʦ°ˣʯҲһȻΪĳ£ϱȥˣϽˡ
˵ɳʧ٣ȻҲܵ˲ϳʯ壬ǧǰȥæѰˡ
Ȼɳȥ˴Ҳûܰҵҵʯ壬עⰲƽĳүӺܻܿӵ
ʯ屾ǧȫɵ˰ƽãϽס
ɣǽҼ๫ɳһ±ֱֵǰضûˣ
ԣ㲻ܽŵҪǶܿǸϵǰͷȽҵ
ʯӦҪʦֽţĳкɳһӵ˽ϣȻһȺ¸ţɾʹˣ
ΪɳѱּĪȾ𡭡
ʯϽȫɵ˱ĵطȥͬЩҲһŵ˾밲ƽԶ
֮ǰҹɫʱһӰûϢӹһڱӵ˰ƽֵһֿڡ
ͣǸΪģ⴦ֿǾСԵ࣬ĳͷʲôʲôóԣȻĶˣ
ʦˣZзñ˷֮ǰϽĪȾ°
ϧ˻ûӵǰͱһϬƷɨɳȥ
˵ûˣȴСôͼ˶ʦվԱèϷһţֻҪǰ壬Ͱȥ


519 ʧ֢

ۿҪˣʳǵİҲҪһÿն̯ӣЩС̷ͻ֧̯׼
ֱӼֿڣĳͷһЩƷƥܵţǰ˻
һпɺãڼžҹɫ˻֪ԶýĽܿ
ĪСɣŵĵԴۡ
ĳСͷֹֻǰ˵ǣZҲʱס֣£ָֻƽȣûзȥ
ˣԾɱòᣬֱָס¥ϵӰƿڴ
۶ͷҶΣ벻ȻǸϼ
ƭүүһģ𣿾ȻΪϲ𣬰Ҽ๫Ҫ
ҸڿʼһûϸˣҲٳһķˣ
УҲĸˣϻǻĻʹﰲȥɡ
һٺӲǰѽ¥ϵСͷóһŶ亹ĵνؼ˵ҲһĳŮķɼֱҪ
ŮϷȫΪðСôôϽգϷ㣬Ǿһˣ
ǿ飬ءޣһ
˭ҪΪϲ𡢳ͷһˣ˭ҪĹƨӣԼŵȥɣ
бٳҴһԣֱЩ߰㣬úóʲôˮһգ
һߺһ߳ŵһȥ¥Сͷûҳ֡
ﻹٳ֣ǸŮˣɶҲˣ
ѾͷĪҪǴɲϷǿĪĳСˣϷóԵĳɲ
һǰȥͷˣ̲סӻðɣ
ԭĳкɳȻıѣ¶׻ļͷ滥§ڱ̬ܡ
ĳŮʵһ˾໰
***ֵܣæ
ZмʦûٳֵңϽȥĪȾӱק˳
뿴ĳϵĳ㣬أݺݳŽ¥ϵİӰһۡ
˵ʲôԶ㴫ҵȻ˹ˡ
죬ȥϽظ
Сж˵ڻеĪȾ㣬֮ĪСɣҲܹѰϣ˶˲ĳͷˣֱĪ˻ȥ
׺Сͷֻľɥô͸أҸŮ࣬ӦԨԴ˵һ֮ôóŶԣΪξˣ
ͷ˼ȥ벻ͨȤȻ࣬ԼԲʳĻᶼʧȥƤĪȥųɣ
ǺһӰܵñ죬лĪȥҲֻµùɳһˣ벻֪Եڽֿڡ
ʯĻӼͬʱ˵ϵıӾǰȷ˱еʧٵɳ޲˿ͬʱֶԹ⸱ģΪģ
ģڽͷ
裿
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ǸϽ϶ɣ
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Ҷֹ֮赣û⵽裬ָϽ˸ͻݡ
Ϊ˷ɢɳʹŶԴµעϻּרΪɳ쳡ԣѡɾ
ǱĪȾ㱻ظУĳ׺СͷȻһص˼ңԺһշƵЦӭǰȥ
ͷȻװɵŮѽһȥˣŻϷһլԺʵǵĵý
ZؿҼװʧ֢ʦһۣǵѡ˲һĪȾ㱳оȥˡ
ҲĪСɣ³ŮȫݺݵЦݱϻٵСͷһۡ
˭ѽߴŶ˰ɣƺʶ
ͷʶ
ĪСɣ̲ס̣үӣ˵Լʵиһ޶ֵܰɣ
׺ͷ֣
ѽСѾͷ֪ģϷȷʵиֵܣϷһ޶һܰðϷ£ǲ˰ɣ
ɶģϷȥ
ĪСɣҪģûôϻֲҪģ
ǺһЦϳתٲײˡ
˳ĳŮĻ룬תֱ·һһ˼ҵլԺԺǽһɶߣүֱ߹ȥȻײǽ
ɫ𣬼Яʥּ˹ţһӾֱĪ


520 ʼΧ

ĪȾ㱻Zȥ˹ź󲱹ֱ
үֿأ֪ΪҪң
Zн龭˵˵ĳΪԾܳȥ
ӣΪܣʧˡ
ˣҲỹװɵͷǰס֡
๫û˰ɣ
ĪȾͷΪ򻹺ãֻû뵽Ȼүӳǣ
ݣ鲻㣬Ҳ㻹ӾܳϽݣ
ĳŷӦವģСӻ˷һݾͷԼҶſ˯ˡ
Сһǵ˵ܾã˲˯ȥ˯úܳ˽Ҳûܾѡ
ǰѶӱȥĪȾæסĶְѶӱ
ԵȣΪȰСȥͻ
һھѹС˸Ƿ˯ʵؿڡ
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ӵСԴԣ˯ɣﶼڼġ
СӻԺǿĵص˵ͷëһϣֱ۾ĵ˯˹ȥ
סߵĳС
Űӵʲô˯һɣ
ĪȾĲ鲻ԸذѶӱңŵϡ
Ѿºͳ۳
ĳȴһû˯Ϊ˯һٴɡ
һۣ˭Ҫ㣿òᣡ֪㷽ͬ˭˯һȥˣ
ĪȾʮֺգΪʵûзүӡ
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ĳлæҡͷΪȫ֪֮£ӣǧĪҪΪ
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ĪȾĸҵץѾܡ
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ܳȥȻֱԺеˮͰˮҲ˲ȣֱӾھ߳ϴˡ
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˵ǴգѿҶðɾˮǺģǻжʢȻ㲻䡭
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СһݶϾӸµطһȦԺļɽͷҵȰʦZС
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۳ʱ磬ZΪΣһʦ˯Ѩϣҩɴҩ˿ֱӸŪȥ
ĳͷһ仰ӲߣҪѾͷĺóԵģ
Си£ʦѾĪɩ͸ˣ룬ӲóԵ𣿡
׺ͷ±ӣܣӲߣӾҪѾͷĺóԵģ
ZУ
úúãͽȥĪɩЩ±⣬Ǵ·ϳԣɺã
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ã˵ӲߣӾҪѾͷĺóԵģ
Сʹҩ


521  

վڼɽڴڣZ壬Ǹ̫үʵڲߣԼȥƲɣǲ̫үóԵģ԰Լһʡ̫үԣɺã
׺͵ҺþˣҲϣӿЩZ廹ǿЩɣÿЩͬһɽҩѧϰôβء
ZδػĳͷһӾͱײͷû࣬ӴӴܳɽҸѽֱף
ȻҵĸӺã޶ɵ˵㻰ҪĺóԵ̫үųɣ
СӱߣṦסСذ׺ͷȻµĹϽͷ
̫үģ˵㻰ĪҪ˿ɺã
ZʵڿȥС޶סصϣʦСˤǺã
׺ͷ췭˸ۣ޶һ㱿ҲǸͷСЩ򲻱Ϸ̣һܳһȥ
Сܴش˴֪ʦ˵õȷûСɹʵѸ٣ԼʦһˣƺҲСһҲ߲ȥ
ȴǫ飬ػص̫үˣĹ򲻼Zһ
ZЦŸ˸ͷǫĹȷǺãģZҲģȥоӳҲһʣպԲ㹦죡
Z˭Ϊֻʱ漲Ϊ˱үү϶ദϰʴӰ죡
׺ͷɲͽЩʲôһСӣתǰԺߡ
̫үӶˣȥЩԵĿɺãҼǵϴ±⻹в٣ù˶ųи̫үȥ̫үһЩ
صãϱȥ̫үóԵġͷֳZл֣Z壬ҲЩǰԺɣֻһأ
ZгǰͷһһСԼʦСӶ£
ôһ飬СһгѾ쵽ˡ
ʱʯĪ˵ҲӵʥּҪǰȥμΧԣһ͸¶ⳡΧԵĿġ
һΪɢɳʹŵע⣬Ƕɳ°һ׷ûꣻɳѡ£ýɳʹžߣ
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ǰ룬ϰʯȥμΧ֮УΪǸɳȫˣһϻΧԵĿֱӸ˵ûаʯ˼
һȥǾζˣĪȾֻǸݣô˵ҲûʸμԵģûԭֻһ϶ǻϸɳıѡ֮һ
ĪȾ㲻ȿڣΪǷԱȥ
ĪСɣżͷʯͷ磬ǸɳԶҴ˼ҲɣǾԲȥ
ʯȴΪѣϵҪҸΧԵ尲ȫֻҲܲȥ
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Ҽ๫ͬɳĸߣȥˣֻλ⣬ȫ̶ҧ๫ţ
ĪȾȫëϵӣʰΪ뾩ǣ
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볶סĳУ๫Īڳײ㲻ʲôƣ᳹׶ɳ롣
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Цһ⣬Լȥѡˣͬһ°˱ǣֻҪʯͷ㣬µ֣Ҳûٻ£
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ʯһͷ磬ɩǿĪҪ嶯°һʦֵأ
һۣģֻҪ㲻ͬʦһǵ£а취ͷң
ʱֻ踺ʱҵֻҪˣҲ㡣
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ĪСɣԶʱɴ˫ۣίؿʯ壺ʯͷ磬ɣ
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䴽ǣЦתˣ๫ʱɱ᲻֣
ĪȾ㵱ظһͦӷģΪξԲʧ
תȥĳ׺ͷ䣬һžͼСͷ͵±⣬ϵȥ


522 Ǹ

ҲЩţǰϴףҪָ̫үõĳԵģ̫үӶˣһ㣬òã
Ѷӱֱӳĳͷڣķǰɣ
Сͷͷ絷⣬Ͱֺͣʮؿ
Ů治ϷǸϷһĻֵܣѾˣĪҪ˿ɺã
ǺЦ𣿵ˣǻ᲻ð߸㳤һĻͷǻֵթʬ
ĳͷҡͷᡢᣬԲᣡҲûкϷһĻͷˣϷҲܱթʬ
ѾͷϷǸֵܹ̲ܽϣԭϷһذɣеܸܲٳ԰
װͰ͵һۣ
ҲУϾ͹Ե㣬ĪҪٸҵң
ƺһס̫үٳ벽ȫ˭Ҳٸһ˿ԣȻͬһĪҲ
СӸоˣϽͷףĪҪӣӱ֤ø̫үƽ͸˶һŸ̫ү
̫үûУǻĺóԵģǾͲˣȻҲﲻˣ
Сĳĳͷ̲סίس˳ҸŮ
ѾͷϷ֤ԲˣϷԽϵСԡ
ü۵ؿڱ뿪ĪֻԽֱߵСԣֻҲϼסˣ뿪ͱٻĪɲ˭߾ߵĵط
СͷƤӶ˶Ͻ̬ϷߣԲߣϷֻ˵ܲҸ˰뿪
غһǾҪϵıˣǱֺãһҪʲôóԵĶû⣬ǲȻǾͺǺǣ
׺ͷʶǺжϾҸŮСƢ㲻˵ˣؼһµ˶ģ֮ǰΪ˲͵ԵģĪСɣȻ߸Ѿͷ͸ڳ⡭
Ϸһ׼úñ֣
ɨָͷ֣س췢ĵСͷ
ɣٷģǻҳҺҼ๫ҸңǾ°뱲һںóԵҲԲÿֻܳԿʲˣһԲ
ⶾĶԸԻү˵ֱ̫ˣСͷյýģʵ˵һ鶼Ҫ
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ڶһ磬ӵʥּμΧԵ˻ʼΧ֮
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ĪȾ㣬Ķ㣡
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ȻˣλҲòãȻ˳ڣٹЩνſòʣʵڻϻ᲻ѹֱܷޣ
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523 ܹ

ɳĳƥһǰһ߹հƵ˰죬ŮܶˣȴǲϷ
ĪȾʵǷʤ֮û·ľ֦辺ƥʮַƥ𣬽ŵľԾԶȥ
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ҹĽŵĹ˲鼱֣ð֮£
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ҹĽ۵׺һȴЦԭĪ֣ѹ֣
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ҹĽֵá
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524 ޷ֱ

ĪȾԶԶ˺ͷһὫ˴°ߣӵ˼׽׽˫ĻᣬûּɳֱӴҹĽΪޣ
ȴϸ֣ҹĽưչչ
ǺҲˣɴ͵ںͷϷҿҹĽΪǷҪһ֮
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ҹĽɳʧĿ˳ӵת⣺ʵڶûţﵹǴЩֻ¹
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תͷĵطȻֺüɽˣȫǽΧԵˣеϻЩƾǳɽġ
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СҲ̫˰ɣ


525 Ƶó

ĪȾ㰵ЦģǺãҹĽȻȥɳˡ
ɽǰ˷ųźţûʱˣ½ϵܵɽ
ҹĽѷѹɳ߳ɽʱʯŻȫ˹ֱɽΧ˸ˮйͨ
ŮҲˣҹĽ͹޲ŭڵرǰȥֱָס
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ҹĽݽؿһۣĵʵ¹һܻ֮ף¸Ը
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ҹĽҲڳһĲԣսӵʥּҲ׻Ϊǰ
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л۹ģѾްˡ
ҹĽͨһ˻ǰϣ˴·ð˹˹֮һԻϽ
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ҹĽһֵ̿عڵأϣң
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ϰ֣ƽƽĪҪðЦˣôպҲ˼ҵİ˳޵ӣĪû
ҹĽϽվл֪ˣлʥ


526 ܻ

ѡ׵ĿѾɣΧǲټȥˣҲǰڼݻع
ĪȾվȺ֮йͻУɫƵǼ֮ϣĿɨʱȴζؿһۡ
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ԭΪǸųߴ󺺣Ī־Ȼ˹Ŀ㣬ʵ֤Ǿ˲òడ
ĪȾٶȹΪ񣺡λˣ֮ǰΪֻΪջؼۣôӢ̸£̣ܲԸһ飬СӣʵҸλӽύ
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ҪȢλʱų϶Ҫ㣬ǧƽɸۡҹĽʵЩΪǮϻ
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ҹĽΪŭ˦ȥ
ʱǮѿȻ


527 

һŷСиҹĽЩ죬Сֵ˵үǮģ
ҹĽĪȴҲЩ棬ѵ׻˺֣
˴ɡ
ǮѿһòªСѾ߷ŽǰҹĽûϳɵλɩƺʶ㡭
ǮѿǺЦǿҹӹ˶ˣūΪǮѿ֪ҹӿɼǵ֣
ҹĽȻһŵϸһ
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ҹĽü飬˵ҪǮΪ⣿
ǮѿüëԹԵһԿտյĲ輸
ҹҲ̫ûò˰ɣˣҲϣ
ҹĽܿƽͷԸˣϲ衣
Ǯѿһֱ澽ƿյһۣſڡ
벻ҹȻ⸱ģͽıڣʵǺ׵ĽõٽȻֲ裬
ҹĽλϣǮѿҲ֪ӹһ٣һɱ˷ö֮ҸϳЦͲٽ͵ȥ𣿡
ǮѿЦūҵȻˣû취ūҸ±˳Щңҵ˶úõĻţūô
ҹĽҲһɣҷ䣬ⶼʲô˺ģûŪٲĪȾһݴ󹦰ɣⲽأ뺦ˣǷ޿ǹͬĴˣ㲻뱨ѩ𣿡
ҹĽߣƾô𣿾˼СǮΪԼбˣֱΣ
ǮѿЦһ٣üСǮʮӣ˵СǮǺǣҹĽµĴ˵治ȱǮ𣿡
ҹĽʵһ
Ķʮӣ
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ūһǱŻˣѹʱԼ˺Ϊȥūƴذ뾹ȻԱһĹѨūҺòײŴǸĹѨ˳
ôţؼյĸоūʹ飬ͷ˿齵ķĹ븯õĹײﾹȻðһƽ⣡
ūҾϲذǿǿڹײģû뵽߾ȻһѵĽ鱦һүͬūҵԲŴ͸ūôһʲƸ
˵һתҹĽҹӣūֻ㣬벻ҪǮҪǾͱװģֻҪӦūūҾͰЩǮȫ㣡
˵ʵҹĽⷬԣǶʮʮĶ
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ǮѿȤҲĨǣſֱԵһȢūΪޣūҷˣڶūֱ𣬶ԸĪȾͰ룡
ҹĽòͨͨȴŤߵݣȢҷ˸ܣѾһˣҵһ취ԸҵĴӡڶԸĪȾͰ룬һ㵹⣡
Ǯѿһ㶣˵ô취
ҹĽӸµԪ㱻ҧҴδ⹫Ҳû֪ˣðһ㲻ҵҴ𣿡
ǮѿȻ뵽ԼҪðһԼҧˣͷƤЩ顣
ūǲأ
ҹĽһβ룬˵Ԫ㻹ţôӦλͬˮ𣬶أδۣУ㲻Σһа취õǮ
ǮѿĿ⿴һ󷢶㡭ôã
ҹĽѾƵǰһסĲӣĿضס۾
ɱ㣬ѾڣҾͲҲصǮ
Ǯѿʧɫ˫ְ֣ҲҹܱɱһòǮ
ҹĽüǲԣ
Ǯѿû뵽ȻԼսָǣֻ̣ƴŴɤＷɱҡҴӦ㣡ҴӦðԪ㡭
ҲԼһһǮúΣ˼Ǯ˵Ŀ֮ʵǸовʣ
ĪȾǰĲмԼ׳ıѣ˶ĲϵĴ̣β죡
ֻһŮӣǮҲ֪ҪôòܸõΪԼѩޣįĵƾôͲӵһˣ
˼ȥ뵽ҹĽ˲ĶòһһҲ˿Լͬ飡
ֻû뵽ԶԼĸĺͬΪĿĲֶ֮ˣﻹҷŵȥ˲


528 ر

һĪȾͽӵ˲μӵԵ֪ͨ˵ʵҲȥҲ˲ȥ
๫ȥھ׸״ԪҲҪˣӱĮսǣҸõطȥ
ĪȾͷΪȫӵģʱԵôҲܣֻ׬Ǯӣ
ӣһֻۣƽƽСһȻҸ߻ʵԶԴһﰲҵ
ǰΪ˴һ˱㲻۸֪ٴĹҲסͷи粻ĻʵۣСҪǲ𣬻ǶԶΪ
ĳΪȻ˵üǣΪ㲻ȥμӵˡ
ϧͷС˴ҴĪүˣˣ
һ˵ǶڸС
СΪѣʥּһӱġ
ĪȾ㣺ӣҪΪӺԺǽȥ㣿
Ϊͷʹؿܶù𣿣
ĳУԼ㲻
ֻ֮ӭּϹȻҪĪȾǰȥεԣ֮лɶǾȻĪȾһףȻҪϳͣ
ôԵʥּδĻҲδţֻԼʧ㣬֪нգԲĳȥμӿƿ
MMPķ⽨ᣬʵ̫ˡ
һЦʥּߴּ̫࣬һŹȻٺ־ĪΧϰǲκеĻᣡ
ǱҹĽɹõǮѿеǮЩ⣬û뵽Ůʵе㱾£ôŪǮʮȴǸպÿɽȼü֮
ĳЩƣҹĽȻǮѿţ檵Ǹдӣ˶öײ㶼⣡
ǮѿҹףҹĽðԪ㣬ֻǴôӣһȢ޵ĳ򣬺ֱӽţ
ԴΪϾҪȢɳҹҶҲŲñ㻻˰˳
Ǿϲջ
û뵽ҹĽôͷ˰˳ӣû뵽޻ûһأиҪ븮ˣǸţ϶Ҫ£Ϊū͡
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벻ûұ˵鷳㾹ȻҹĽ鷳ˣ
ʵҹĽҪȢɳǳڻϵʥּ޷ҲˣΪôȻƽ޹ʵŪ˸Ů븮һӵλã
ǮѿʵǰӡҲûȻҲ֪Ů˸Ǹӣ
λɵŮԼҹĽýȢǮѿͷǸôûа̧ΣûýƸöûݣҲҲҪͷȥ
Ǯѿջ㾹ǹײŮ˶˵͸һƣ
СӣǸôûɾ˵˭Ҳöײ𣿡
㱻ʹһߵŮҲû뵽ǮѿͶ֣Ͻǰס
㾹ҴǼС㣿
֪ǼСô𣿡
ǮѿɨˣܸɴذͷӣƤ߾һӣ໴У켱æ˿
ҹôˣ󣡡
ǮѿתֳŮ̹ȥ񶾵ר۾
ƣǾͱʰǣ
ŮֺݶȫͷܣĻ˵㣿
Ǯѿ˹ȥһѾסĿɿڴ㣬ͷͷкŮʱѾѪغޣ
ֵô˸ϽȥҹĽ
ֻ֮䵭ؿһ۲ұݵ㣬˳ҸշԸҪײˣתͷҲڣ˰ɣ㣬ǲҹϾ͸飡㲻ұʱ𣿽ұ⣡
ʵû뵽ǮѿȻĺȫ¶֣Ū⸱ӣ
ӦĻᶼûоͱòҹĽȻҪ£Ҫ̼ʵڹһû˹ȥ
ŮָϽ˷ߣҹĽϴ
үǧĪҪǹͿҵķϣԭһذɡ
ҹĽΪ֧סҹ棬Ϊ˸һӡֻ̲סЩ檸ˣ
뵱͸ױʱЩŮͷģЩ޺ͳȫ֮ǮѿŮ븮ʵΪʰЩŮˡ


529 

˻δѣҹĽѾдˣſ۾ֺŮĿϵ˻δʹǣܼˣ
һжȲҹĽ˺ؽ˦ǰ
ӽҶϹ˳Ҳٿ㣡
ʰ飬˫ۺؿҹĽ
ҲҪҹĽͲƲ
ҹĽЦǰ˳ûӣѵҲɣ
㣬㻹˼Թ飿Σ֮ʱδҵģаֹ֣Ҳ벻
ûаɣƾôָңԼҪݣҲԸѣ
һӣˣ⼸۵Ķϳ׼̤벽
ļҶС˽ϣؽͼ
ǮѿµزմѪķֱ˶ȥˣ̧ۿ˿ҹĽ
ƺ˰ɣҪ򷢵Ůˣ
ҹĽһɵȻ㿴ˣǾ͹Թң˸һһλá
Ǯѿ˫һЦ棿ɾģǽɺã
ҹĽһҲŸոշҪ´Լ£ֻҪ⣬պòҵĶ𣿡
Ǯѿʧسס䣬սŬŬ졣
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ҹĽͷߵ죬һŮԪҧʮֶĵرȥ
ǮѿЦһңΪһĻ𣿡
ҹĽȰ㻹ǴװװͿΪã㲻ĪȾ㱨
ܸĿɶˣ㻹ôĳɣҪˣҷĪȾ书ٴȣ˩ҹҹ㣬ֱζΪֹ
Ǯѿϲգգۣ˼һΪҲԲŪ룬ôʰôʰǽԴϲ
ҹĽÿɷغһҾϲʶˣģֻҪ⣬Ҳڡ
ѻ˵ת뿪ˣǮѿԼ˷ܲѣһ뵽պԽĪȾһ˩ߣȫǿ⣡
Ů˰㲻ҹĽҹĽ¿Ƿģպɳ˵˶ԼûȤҪԸĪȾ㶨Ȼ´࣡
ҵһ飬ǮѿֻԼǣ֮ǰķɢˣʼĥҪôҹĽߵһһȫ򷢵
պ󣬻ٶּʯ·ʮӴǰĮ߹֧ԮĪȾ丱У󲿱˳㸺ѺݵĹϴ
нʿڶһ֪ʱĲᣬűĮ߹ǿຮ֮أʷǼѷ
ұĮҲƴ˶Įʿȫս֮ͽһľУ
ĳлˣԿ࣬Կ俴Եͣһ봫˵߰˳ߵıĮ׳ʵǸо̫ѣ
ﲻæֻܸĳбúʵ÷ıףһѷЯɺʹ·ϴųԡ
ĪȾҲֲߣһ뵽Լ뿪֮ԽҹĽھǣ͸оٰ㲻̤ʵ
ӣһҪӦΪΪߵǧԼ䲻ҪǸҹĽӴǲĴ⣡
֪˳ɻ䣬һۣͷĺˣҲ룬һ׵ĸˣвŻٵأ
вңҲвǣҿúܣ˶ǻϵĶӣһʲôö
๫зִ磬Ӧõģǧס°ȫһǿɲֻܱҪȫʯͷһ
ĳͷӷģΪˣй޹ΪһᾡġûűѾˣ
һᣬֱĪСɣͬʯͷ꣬ĪȾظȫĬĬŮӽҪߣһʱ丮նͳ˼֡
ŰͷοףܿͻģĪҪģڼһڣҲһ׵ģ
ͷԽԽµĴӣ
ԣ׵İȫɾͰиˣ
СͷȻСƵĿڣ׿ȥ׶ﻹСأۣ
Цõؽ˵һСȴỷϵСһŵ˵ϡ
ãԼȥɣնˣû¾ʹ̫үһ̸̽˹򣬾ڼңҲԲл۸
䲻ܷĳͷɳԷɻгһ۶ӣ
ûͷȫƫԽȥˣǸ


530 ϵ

ĵǿƿŰգһӦԳɼˣں˿ûУûȥ
ʱٲǰĪϲĪȾն¿״Ԫ
ֻ֪ĳжͬ˵ˣʱǰ׾
ˣ컹̫ܲͷүӴܻǰȥһϳò㵱ʣָŶԻ˵һ仰
ƷԶӣμӵԣҴû𣿣
ϣ
̫ˣĪȾǴ˽쿼ΪɫһԱˣڴս湦Ǹɶõ˲Ű
̫һ˦䣺ǱɱˣʵǸоͽ¶񣬹ƣʵ˹ġȿȿȣ
ͷԼ̫ˣⱲû˭ôһ뵽ĪȾʯͷҪҳͷϵ¾͸λǺ
ϼڼϽ˽֮ȥЪϢл̫ĪҪϴˣӷĪȾҲ
̫һ⻰ʱԵøˣϷδۻ軨ǰز͡ȿȿȡ
ĪȾֵزҲòվΪԼ
Ǻ˹˹վŻϺ̫ĺ󱳹֡
̫ûϴĪȾ㣬ǸԲѷŭ̫˵ǲ˵Ҳ³򣬵ǲڣ
ϣ㲻û˵ưͣ
̫һױǾιȥ
̫ڼʧɫϣ̫˼ιȥˣ
ϸϽǰ˷̫ҽԺ̫ҽΣһʱæ
ͷָĪȾŭ󵨣̫˶ҵǲúø޿ɼƽ̫ͷŭ޷ǵúú÷㲻ɣ
ĳиϽʣ֪γͷ񣿡
ϳڶһӷǧûس
ĪȾͷϲֵϢŭ֪ˣ
Ǻֱӽ˰׾̻ظ͵պȫҷǧӴ߻ʵԶϼˣ
˵״Ԫôϵģʵ϶˽ףģͼı죡
ջ֮໹øٲͣһЦ˽֮ͳͷ
ɶ񣡡޳ļֱ˷ָ׼ĳвٵʱĹ٣㲻һ˿Ļ᣿
Ǳ߸մΧ¼лɳҲ˻ʰԭԿƿ֮²Ȥ˭ûʰǰ㼷ˣ
λĴ𣬷»ĻȺ忪ȻԼ˴յǰȥϰٺۻңؼǣɳֲͬһҲϵã
λͳ컹ø񣬽Ŷ˵һλſںס
˵ô¿״ԪĪȾ㣿Ǹڴ̵ĪȾ𣿡
ͳ칧صǴˣ
ɳǿ飬ĪȾԼмһ˵ģҹĽÿͨƭ˵ж£ʵְֱգ
ûصݵڶձ㷢ԼϵˣΪݵ԰һʱʧɫָǿʯ壬жĶôݵ԰
ʯ徹Ȼ˵ûֻһͨͨУҲǿֵģԭƬطݵ˾ò£û֮ߡ
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ˣԼʧҲּ˻飬ɳʹѾųʹϢĸʣҴŴƸ񼰺ʹҲѾ·ôأ
˵ֻ˳ЦһʧĹܼ޸ôˣҪ˵»ɳ֮ìܡ
ɳµľ棬ʹɳ𲽼٣ĸֲֵֹǰܱ߲֪Ůвٳ˷ģҪȡȨĸŮ뱣סȨǾͱһǿĺܣ
ԭĸ߹ˣ´ָ֮ȡһƬĵأǨҲͲصˡ
ɳʹȴڴĪĸ֮ף˽֮ģǾ
ֻҪɹɳЭ̣ͨʱԽɳѼȡʳƷܶʼɳҲٵ𽥱Сֵܳˡ
̣Էֹɳ㣬ЩĲ췴
ˣΪ˳֪ԼҹĽƭˣҲֻܴݺѪ̣вʣԽԽƷԲˣǸ䣬ȴҲֻܰοԼĻҿԼû׼ɳ
ôҰοɳԾƭԼҹĽǸϲǸĿ˵ĪȾһЩû뵽书ãѧҲǰڡ


531 ǱΪ

ɳ˵֪ҹĽȴҲںǷתˣں֪Թ
ҹĽǳڶĵ˼ҪɳɹѾﵽĿģɳĸŲأֻҪŮ˲ɵʯپС
ȻˣҲƺɳܻȥϾ¶öŮӣеҲŮӣ
ûеֻ֤ҪҧԼƹٷҧһǿ˱Ҫڻ飬ɳ˵ƤҲֲȥǲɵͲȡ£ֻܹԹŻ¡
ʯĪȾһߣҹĽĻã
һ糯ߵߣ˻ʹгԶֱʱ׷ȥڴк
үɷһ˵
üͷԸػһ䣺ǰмļׯȥϷɡ
ҹĽͷһ˷ׯҪ˸Ƨż䣬ûʱȻԼǰ
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֪ʮӴǰȥ֧Ԯ߾к뷨
б˳һʣ֪Ǻ⣿
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뵽үոʹʧŮǱĮ淢ַҴ׵ҪùľĶඡ
ɫһΪصһۡ
л˳ģСŮϷȷʵʹģȮΪʿְڣĮҴϷֻԸʥҴΪҲǣù֮˵
ҹĽֵؽʵñ
˵껰ȴһתڼҸ֪ΪˣҪⷬұ֮ġ
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ҹĽݵúԣϷΪôˣ
ҹĽǺһЦȻصҸйЭ飬ѵҸһҲˣǷҪ֤óǸϹĿһ£
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ʵҹүǻϵѪһ룬ԻϵľҹүıųնҶɳ׵ĻΪʵֻô˻ỹһݶѡ
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࣬ǣ㽫Īҹүĺ뱾ټȥɣ
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֮ǰȷ˻λҹү֮ҲһЩ΢ĺĿĲⶼôңٳҹԼıȡĺô
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ϧǰ·ɱʯ壬˸ĪȾ㣡ϾȻֱǰȥĮԮ֣˻Ӹû̵᲻˵ĪŮڷ
ϼ޻ԻҲвɣɵԼδɱԼĶӣվûκ֤ݣҲɲҲ²⣬ֻó䡣
ȴû뵽ҹĽȻ˵Щ
ҹĽ鲻һҩ
Į֮£Ϊùϱû֪뱱Į߾˽ƣνĮǺһĻϷ
λͱĮĺôˣҪͱĮ߾ƭûеĻ֮Żƹ»λ֮Įּĺô
ү˵Ŀʵ飿
۽ǿؿҹĽ㾹˵˴治֮ԣΪƾ޾ݻϻţ
ҹĽг΢΢һЦϲţЩֻҲİɻɣĪҪˣǸļ֮ˣ
ο֪в֤ݣĻλԴ֪ϤһΪĮЩçǺ㲻ҹү𣿡
ͷһü㡭㵽ҪϷΣǱĮ˳ǣҹĽѱ֤ݣ
ҹĽóѵص˵ͷ֪֮ˣʵҲΣǺѣֻҪһ֮λԵҲ˵³֮ҽĮʮǳȫңΪѵ𣿡
һ£ϻʣ֪˳´Ϸô
ҹĽӦ˺۵һĨǵ˳ɹȻҪɱĪȾʯ壡


532 

ɱĪȾʯ岻һйҹĽͷ֮ޣܶϳԽӶһĵˣԣҹĽɱ˲ɣ
ԣʯ߹֧ԮҲʲô£һ뱱Į֮Ĺװ¶鲻ⳡν߹ظ漱Ҳȥ
˵ĮǱǺ빥ɴһС˵ܴģ
ļ󣬱ĮǸʳȱĹңǴ̸ĿľΪ˵ݺʣģսġ
¸û׼ĹݵҲõģҪ跨֧ԮݣȻһԸʵۡ
˲أĸǰ˻ӣĪ˵ֱƹﻢ£
򲻴Ļʳ㣬϶ҪԴĻΪѱ
˵ʵҲñĮ߾ɱĪȾʯ壬跨סǴȥǿӵӦȥϵĻɣΨһеͨĺѡˡ
ֻЩѶȣϾʯĪȾ˹ǿɱ̸ף
ҹĽЦǹ׶㣬ѷֻҪģỹǴѵģүҪúöһİӲųɡ
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ҹĽٱүĪҪ˵ίһҶֺγڱУѵүû϶
ĪȾʯһֻ轫鶼ƵĮϣϱȻűĮųĻɡ
ʱԻѰǰȥԮϽҡ
ûϸ˵ȥ֮ԲҪõƹ췴
豭벻벻ҹү˳˳ɫνϷĻҲ̾簡
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ҹĽ˿ڲ裬ص˵ͷүӢ
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մȥׯƣС˾ʹҴ棬˵˷ÿͣ
Ƥ˼£ֺܲԤУ˵ʲôˣ
С˻ص˵ǷĽ㣬˳Ԫ㡣
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ȻˣĲף
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СѵüҪγˮɵǷͣ
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˽ɡҪԪ㵽ʲô
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ǮѿҲͰˣŮ˾Ȼֻȸһͷϲ˽Ǹ̬ƺ޲ܶҹͷҡ
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ĪСɣҲЩ벻ףѿ㣬úõΪҪðԪ㰡
ǮѿĿݺݿָʹسĸŮøøҶԱ񣡻죿
Ůǰȥ̧־ҪҲŮϴȥһѾŤס˶ԷӣŮǮѿߡ
˴ңҪʱ˭һųŶ̵ң֪жҲˣţܵĪǿȥ
ǮѿЦָס̫Ҳţ֪ôҿð˳֪
̫ţңǺңֺ
ʵͬ˵ɣʰǵģ룬ĪСɣһҲܣˣǣ
һ£˳ļҶҲУҪ԰ĪСɣ˶֡
ǲŸճݣһһСӰӰεظ˽ЩҶ˶û㷢һҽУڵأмĳ׺СͷֱӸ⣬˳ſߴﹾԺ
ĪСɣûðɣǰָסǮѿ
Ǯѿұұ㲻񣬿Ҳ̫ˣƾôʰҺҴɩĶԲסˣ
ʼնȡ֣ܣ붾ˣ͵˵ĶŻǵӣͼҴɩƾôҧһڣҪ£
Ī˸ѵΪԼ˭Ȩ˼צ
Ǯѿ˵־ͳϴȥĪСɣ˭˼ҲģУ


533 ֢

Сջ𣬸ǲһ׽ס󣬷һŢ̌һߣǮѿʹһֻϥһ˾͹˰ĪСɣǰ
ļŮг󵨣ҶǼ񣿡
ĪСɣüһһǼŮȫ߹ڵϡ
Ҿˣȣ˵˲׼ҷ
Ǯѿŭ鵭Ȼյ˴İ롣
룬ʶĪСɣԶ㣡ʣ㣡
䵭ƳһۣǷҵһѵˣҵĵط㻹ǹɡ
Ǯѿö
ҿǰ˳룬㾹ȻЩ۵ĴײңΪκβ𣿵˽һһȫȱУ
Цؿǲ֪˭λУ˳ĸû˵㾹Ȼƾն׫֢Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ǯѿ첱Ӵ֣û뵽ԼŸǰ뾹Ȼ
˳ҹĽǻ׷İ˳һΪӣ룬ҿҹĽޣңǻòͷˣ
ŵؿڣӴҺ°ֻǲ֪ҹĽշ֮ӣôͻȻɰ˳ˣΪʲôҪӰ
ǮѿĪСɣţ˰춼ûվǼŮҲǣòˣֱһкѾͷСˣ׾ٵؽ°˵ϡ
ŰҹĽη֮£ǮѿһջȻ֪һжΪɳ˵
ϧû˵Լͷ룬ڳһȻ顣
ˣΪҹĽ֮ɳԻϲŷԱɳ
棬ԼλɹôĴģ
ûĻҹĽ֮λӦɳİɣѲ㻹ңʵɳ
ɣʯǱɳһˣҲɳɣ빫һ£Ǯѿλ˳ǲģ
ĪСɣͷɩ˵ǣȥɳ
Ǯѿɫسסȹǣţȥɳҷ˵ˣֻҹĽĲֻǸЩҲӣ
ĪСɣһĿ֣ޣ˭ǰ˳ǣҲûʸǣû㷸Ҳйٸ䣬ֲ㣡
볰ŪؿǮѿûУ֪ˣʵʵԼˣȥɣǿɲ㷢ŵˣѽͿͣ
һ£ͷѾһȺҶСӦǣ
кһ½ʮˣǮѿͬŮҶһȫ⡣
ĪһأǮѿðر˷ͷָȱȰ˳ҪĴ󵨼Ǹҵţ
вյüǮѿȻҹĽһȥˣʲô
Ҳ˼飺Ҫɱҹģ˷ˣҹķ𣬾ȻὫշ
Ҳ벻ͨðԪ㣬Ԫ㲻Ҳգ
ĪСɣ벻˾Ȼ㲻ĶԲסҪ
תӵ˼ܹ⣿ˣȲʱ磬ǻǸϽȥׯӰɣõĴտĪҪĺʱڣ
ĪСɣϽͷţֻǲ֪ЩϼĶǲϼʮĶɣ
Цʲôڶֶ̣࣬ò˶úܿٴˣһֵĿɾͶˣ
˵Ĺ򳵷ֽ˳½ŵ˳ݳҪ
ĳүǰס
ףһȥɣ·Σգ
ƿҶӣ㻹ĪҪȥˣڸм̴һ򣬽̫үȥ
׺Сͷϲ
棿ŮϷˣ
ǰһ뻹ԶЦӯӯģһת۱俴ĳͷһۡ
ǿԣҲֻǸ𱣻ǣٳʲô⣬ǾݹҲԭˣ
СͷϽ֤ģģϷ˵ˣǸͷңֻͬҳѣϷ罫ˣŮߣϷ򱣻ܱûһ˸۸ǣ
˵·ϿɷϷЩóԵģ
뽫һţɣͷǱֵúã͸Щʳ
ĪСɣӦǣ
ĳͷϽԾϥһϷֵ֤úãСӣôϽݳ
æ͵Цַ£ƥĴȵĪţųŷСܶȥ
̶ĳͷ㤵سˡ


534 

Īûһϰ׺ͷͳйעĪͷϽһӣʾǸҿĪ
˵ɶҲǳˣ⼸һҺᣬԲģ
ͷȥĳͷ˿
һ·ǣ·ĪСɣүسԵģͷˣڳҲ˼ҺԹԵشá
ȥ˳ǶŴʮׯӣ죬ʱܵ˵ط
ׯӴŹţͷ¦ವĺӣȫؿųСͷ
򿪿ڣĪģĪ˾ڳϣ쿪Űɡ
ׯĳȻѾ֪ׯĪϢԸϽŴ򿪣˽ȥֱӽׯլԺ
ͣȣ뱻ĪСɣ³ȥһ·Ѿׯĵأûϸʣƽ̹״һ֪ӦòضʰúܸɾǸɻҲġ
ٿǰׯԺһѾˣլݶЩбɽǽ֧˺ЩľͷӣȻˡ
ݶϸǳҰһݻһð⣬űǰܣ
Ĳַ᷿Ҳûȥ˰䣬µҲ֧˲ٹӣŶΣա
תǼֻϵѶǲŲ־ɣΨһȡ֮ϴͦɾиҲͦڿ죡
Щ㶵ĪСɣ׹ǶŮˣҳˮģЩԼоǲǻˡ
Ǻ뽫ɫһؿˣȥׯ˶Ҫá
ǶʵֻĪСɣúÿⱲûŮӣŮһȴҲʵСӶӦլЩֻ廨ŪĴҹɣ
᲻Ҳǰ˼һҪÿĶһǧʳ򲻳Ͳһĵأ󻹵ÿڲݸƤ
Űð˶ȥҳһֻͭһԺ½½һȺˣȫУܿ켯˴Ժ
ɨˣüͷ΢΢ǰ߻ׯǰ˸ϲ׳꿴ȥֻʮµĲǱǸ˺ӣûһϴûҸƼݣ׳Ҳû׳ʵ
ׯӵǰǲвǸɻģһԲӣɻɶһȺȻôǮԼ
뵹ǲЩ׳˾ǣﾡòӲ
ҪֵⶫɲѰׯڣҲǲģժֻӺŮҲɹĥɷۣʺĻ
Ǻʼׯ½ϸµİš
һţׯҪ϶ʮĶСˮﲻ˵ˣֵ׾С
µʮĶΪҪҪˣҪ¢һ˴ľҵͼֽũãȻũظãȲҪֳ֣ɵ磬ʱô֡
ؼģׯе⣬˺ͺӣǵʺҶ;˼ȶһسȥڸЩܼĲ¡
кǣʵ˷ѣҲһȥϰѧ书ȴóһһϢ
þϲѣЩģˣҪǶã᲻᲻԰
ͰӰɣ
ɫ΢ɣοԷ´һֻܷģĪԲˣҾʳӹӽ󣬲ǲͲ͹ܱһܳ⣡
ҲҪֻ̫࣬Ҫÿ˶Լڵ£ʱ̼һжĪΪؾͳɣȻҲȥԼҲó¡
ǶסˣĪĪǵļңֻҪԴԼļһԴĪе£Ҿ;ԲһԲҲů
ӽǾһˣֻҪһڳԵģҾ;ԲǶţ
ĪСɣͷǷģҴɩ˵
ҲͷĪЩֻΪоͬȥĴͬȻǵĺȥϰѧ书ǿɶǮ˼ҵĺӲĺûᰡ
ѹѹֵһᰲЩֲֹﴺֲЩӣѾˣԶֱƵɣò֪ʲôʱˣˡ
ȴũеʱٳ¸ǼݣһҲؽݿŲסס·ʱֻҪм˵ͳɡ
ĻóԽԽǼ벻˾Ȼôã
뿪ׯʱֱӽׯʮʮˣͰ˸ʮĺһˡ
ǸںͷͳԶеǣҲڴϣǸӡ
Ȼսţӭײڸͷϵڳſڵ£


535 

ϵСͷһվܻĳ󺰣Сӣ˭ģϽ߿
ſڵͷȻҳºȣűнΧؽŴ󵶳ȵ϶Ҷ񣿣
룺
ͷֱӣԽҲЩȻֺֹ̧±Уһѣүӣ˺£
׺ͷһӴƨ£㲻ɶûУһӵ¿ɴඣҪǸҸŮͬû꣡
ԣ˭ģСأǸӹҪǵȶǿռ
ԽһŶߣſڵİպҲԵΧ㽫ΧסͷһȺ˺ͺŵõսľһŶ
ʵջѣƿڣлȽ˳˵ĪҪͨ
ԽԶĿɿڴֻǵ£ĪҪΪϵˡ
·ĸҵûһ㽫Ƕɢóǳǣ··Ҳڣͷͯȫսսȥ
һ߳ٶ׿⣬Խٶȸǰ
үӣǷ⣿ǴЩô£
һСͷּˣƨ£Сӣ߿Ͻ߿ٹĪ£ҸŮһûûΣգΣҲòģϷء
ֱӺȵ죡
ͷ̶ȼֱĳ̾Ϊֹ
ǰֻΪ˵ǰȥĪ£үӺι
Цүô໰˵Ǿ°λڽӻԼȥİɣĪҪĪջùԺȣĪ˵һڷԣҲϲЩļ
׺СͷøϽԳַģŮϷûϷ췢ģСԼðģ
ǺǸЦһмָǵء
ĳүӸϽѾͷָ˸ָգΪϷ򷽲ԼǵŵģŮɵøϷЩϷԩ
ԽЦõؿˡ
үӣ׹ﲻǲˣġ
ĳͷɣô֪
Խ̾׹ĵǲƽ޹Ϊ˼ң֮ԻүӵΪʵգû˰׹⣡׹ҪֱֱɣĪҪү
ͷʱһƲίѾͷ㿴ϴˣĪٹϷ˿ɺã
һۣүһһȵģǳļҲɣ
Сͷ˫ҡȻûȿڣԳϵȥˡ
Ͻǳ⿴ȥүӣ
СͷûرһɵķأƮƮԾ˳Цͷ룺ѾͷĪģϷû£
ԽһЦ˵ûɣ׹ĵͬϼƽϣϣ
һһСûûƤһ˦سڲǡ
Сͷŭָĳن£û£ϽԶ
Խι֣ǺðɣиˣĪ£үӼʱֹ֪ĪֳĮɱСƽӦõġ
ڳص·ˣ˵֪ҪĪðƽգʵǲЩλȨ֮ˣ
Խ̾ģᰵлȫҴСȫ
룺
Īƽ£Ȱ㻹ӽΪãȻΪ๫ұۣҷҪԼһ˵İΣˡ
Խ˵һվס˹֡
Ȼ׹д˵ǣǱֻܹˡ
СͷϽ֣ߣϷأܱ˭Ҳ۸Īˣ
ԼĪ˵̬ԽʵǿЦãֳһݣǾͰүˣ
ǽԽһд򷢵ȽЩ˺ͺӴظУٺ֮ȥ˳Ŵʮһׯ
ʮĶＰׯʮʮ͸ػ⣬ﲻҲԣֲһ´£Ī
ƺũͼֽٲľͲȥõӣԼʳ͸ֲѣһѵĲƥڶշֱׯ
պũ߶ˣǰׯ̸ôʹЩũߡ
ĪСɣ͸ĳүȫ̸ţͬЭΪĪ׬ǮƷܶĳСͷǰ׬Ǯ¿ñɶҪ˭ϾϲԣҪгԲĺóԵģǿ벻Ǯ
һæգǰӺͻƶȥˣˮҲˣǸǼʶ˰˼޲λŮ־塣
ͱѶѽãתͷȥϵĸ̣֮ǩÿնȺ֬ĺͬһʮ̣æͣ㣬Ī·ϾȻֱһסˣ


536 ²ɸ

ĪСɣһһƿӣڳǰһӽ
֪λүк£
Ϊ׵ֵλˣɳлҪ˵
ȻؿȻɴɳƿ˹
ɵк£ǻҼ๫ߣЩǮˣ
ϢˣɳͻɳȻ˹ָ뱾һ˵𣿡
룺
񸾲ңлֱ˵ɣ񸾲Ϊ빫֮к²ɸˡ
ɳջؿ⸾˲ͨ
Цֻʹֻߣǳĺңһ޸֮ĸǺ޻֮治빫˽˵ѵҲд
ɳö㣬ɴ߻ȶԶһЩǼԲ͵˵
Ůǣ
˵תЩɳȫĽȫ˵Զ
ɳü˿ĳ򣬻ڿȵСͷ

ֻյɳΪ죬ȻԼòԼ˴򷢿ɼĿĲͼ죡
ȻҪ񸾴Σ
ɳĻҰѻ˵꣬޸ǸҹĽȻƭңʵڲ뽫иһƷԶӵˣ
׹Ů˶ͨԼҹĽĵִͬˣ
ò˵׼ޱȣɳֵˣҪ¼ޣͬ⣬ȥ飬㹲һ
ĪȾ¿״ԪĸҲ⣬ۣҲĪȾΪӣһĵλ뱾ˣҲܵõٺô
⻰ѰЦˣ˼ŸֺȢ˲ҪҪ๫ϧֻҪʧˣҼ๫ǲܱģҲͬȢ㣡
ɳ֪ͬȢңԱŻĪȾĻֻҪӦˣһᷴԣ
㲻ɵӦôӦҵ飡һĪȾ㲻ãɳȫҶԸȮ죬ѵã
Ȱ뿪ڣǱĪСɣŭˣ
ôã˭ϣɳҴŲںܲأ
ɣϹۿȢͲˣȻҪĵҴ磬ûô޳ܵˣ
ɳð𣺡죡ٸ㶥ײҽ˺죡
ĪСɣҵҪ˭˺˭죿
ֹ̧ɳ
ֻ»֪ҹĽΪŵԷǻϵ˽ӣ¶Ҳǻϰ⣬˻֣
ˣҲˣǲͬġ
ɳŵڵ㡭˵Ķģ
ȻǱƵҹĽǰˮԣѱȾͬ۴ͨõġ
ɳԽԽľֻԼʵ̫ɵˣ׵ĿĻûɣȱ˸ˣ۰źõһУôܻڵ˻飿
ʼ򣺡㲻˵ĻҲν֪ЩĲֹһ
Ҳ룬ǰҹүı˵һƣɻǱȫҷ䣬ΪҹүӣȻƽµϴô췭ΪϾȻûɻ䣬ⲻ
ҲΪ棬㻹ȥҹĽô˵
ҵǾͦģ乫ŵԣβ̹Ȼ֮
ο˶֪ѾҹĽ˷֮ʵ㻹Ҽ๫˳ЦĪ˵ϲͬ⣬๫ͬ⣬Ҳǲͬģ
ɳ˵ԶԣȻģԸҲ֪ʲô̸ˣ
˵ɴ³ų߰ɡ£񸾻кܶҪæˡˣ
ɳǰʻ˹ȥһʧǵվԭء
ĪСɣųͷһۣ͵ôˣ
£׹ǿ֮ˣֻҪǣҲһʶ
ĪСɣ³мغһ˭ϡһʶ
ɻ˶λ޵ǱˣǮѿ
ŮԽԽвʣΪɳĴڣȻвһʵǿɺޣ
ص˳ӱ㿪ʼĥµҲֻ֮λܺúʰǸŮˣ
֮λ͵ðɳųɡ


537 ֪η

Ǯѿڹһ֪η
ŮΪıɳȻֱӴܵɳʹڵ⣬ɳ
ɳʮƵػصݣûͣȳ⣺ô˶·ÿ
ǱǮѿЩµػصǰ˳˵УǷɳ
һ㵣ü˳ˣ
Ůʱ˼֣صû˳ҷ˰Ԫ㣬ݻṫ
ɳͺܲģҹĽȻҷˣӲ죡
ǰֻΪݻһ֮Աž۾
˾·ǻòͷ𣿡
ڣǮѿƿ˫ɴɳ
ɳлҪͬ㽲
ɳЦһϧ޻˵ˣǶҸߣ
Զ˵ǰǮѿǮѿʱͻˣָסͳŭȣ
ǣȻҶԱ˶֣ɳδأҲǰ˳ˣǹ죬Ҳ죿
һЩסˣҹĽһ¾ԸżȮ죬ǰķˣǻȷʵøϡ
ͳˣȥ밲˳
ǮѿɲϣҹĻִ̌Уأֻм仰Ҫͬ˵ѣ˵Ҿߣ
ͳֻÿɳ
ɳʵǮѿ񾭲۵С۵ҹĽǰڣл˵ûʱͬøкģ
Ǯѿȴǵ빫һ˵ɸң
ɳԭʹ룬ȻǮѿһģһĴǣʵһģ
кβң
˵첽ǰһȥ
ǮѿȻôͷϲҲ˳ǿԼԳ˽ɳСȥ
ЩģҪȥȴɳֹظƬ̱أ
ǮѿͬһǰһСӣܿ˵Ŀ⣬ſڡ
֪˭
ɳۿ㲻˵ҹĽҰԪ㡣
ǮѿǺЦûҲҹĽңǰ׽㡣
ɳһڵ˵ô
ǮѿһЦô㲻ͬϵܺ㾪ȣ
ɳʶԼЩʧ̬ÿɷغһ㵽˵ô
Ǯѿ׳뵽׹ϵΣȻϡ
ǸĿڵʵûôֻҼҪȥһԸƣ˳ʶһ£ϾպҶ˻ҪһʶһҲã˵أ
ɳҪҳԾƣ
ŸպͰ棬˵ԾƣŮ˲ԱŸͲˣ
ԣԪ˵ѣԾ֮¶Ȼı
Ǯѿ֪ԷѾıƣװģͷ
ûҪԾƣȥϯˣҹ㣬򷽲ֵãᡣ
ɳζЦ
λˣҲĪҪٶ˵ˣ߰ɣ
Ǯѿ벻ôƭͷð빫һǰȥɡ
ɳЦԪ룡
Ǻ˿Ϳ߳СӣָɳŻԸһҪȥԾƣԶԶűǡ
ǲԣҲֻܸںͷ߼ŮȥǮѿһ󣬳ŰƽǱ˹ȥ
Ǯѿ綩˾ϯһ˵˾ֱӱС¥ȥ
¥ʱǮѿʵҼӿɻڣ
Сص˵ǷϯС˵£Ѿˡ
Ǯѿװ㵣ôأĪ֣ҼӾģ˵˵߾ߣ
ɳۿԼϷһ¥żƲ˹ȻѾϯϯӳƷΰУǮѿֱףʾɳֱ
ɳºɨһǰľƲˣǮѿΪкǱ㶼ԼҽˣȾһ
˵굱潫оһֳɳס
ɳҲƿɴһǣ䵲װƺȥʵȴǵȻҲǮѿס
ѾƺˣǮѿЦӿģּ޵Щ˰ɣƲ˿ɶϸѡģ
ɳûĻǿ˾ƵߣһСߣҺܵûһͼСȫŤŤ˼±㼴
ɳİ
ø󵨸ˣ붾ңˣԪ£


538 

ɳнȫһ˾ҹȻ
Ǻһӿż䣬ǮѿߵŮȫס
ǮѿҲû뵽ɳûͷ˶ߣڲϣϽſڴ󺰡
ԩңᵱڶǽҸӣҲҰѵ룿Ȼ㵨Ϊ
·ͻȻŮϽǰӹ
ɳֹ̧ǵĻңе˦ϯϡ
Ǳ˸۶ŵľƽС߿Уֻ¾ˣԪ㣬ҽƱ磬˵ΪҪң
Ǯѿߣ۽Գ˳飬ȴӲ治ңѵɵ𣿹ôЩǰһҹȻǵö
ЩƲ˶ð׼ģҪֽҲȻģû϶Ҿ˵ô뵽Ҫ빫Ծƣԭһжƺõģ
֪ǵɾ˼ɲһ㣡ҹĽΪޣֻҺǸ๫ĪȾ㰭£ûԸ
Ȼᣬٰ֮Ƶҵϣһһʯ񣬼֮๫Ҳȥ˱ĮսزˣպԸԳؼ밲˳ˡ
ǮѿĻɳһֶţΪһû䷹ׯ
ǮѿĻȴǾʹ˻Ὣˮǰȥָ֤ıû׼Ҳһʯ񣬽ǰɶĶһ
ðǽö˾ҺıӺˣⶾͬǸӰһ׽Ҫ£
ͳϽ֣´󣬻ٸɣû׷ҵȲý
ɳԼֱӸһȻۣЩ˲ϣҲֻñʾͬ⡣
ǾͿ㽻ٸ
ǲҵǮѿŮһ£ٸȻִǰȥ׽ð롣
ĳŮɵùˣŸҪ緹ƻٶܼ̣ඩһЩȣûȶͷС˱㾪˵йٱ˸С
˵ͷѾ˹Ϊͳ쳯Űһ֡
ĪˣԪıɳѾ¶һ˰ɣ
룺˵ʲôҺͰԪı⡭ȷû
ͳɳ𴩰Ԫ㶾һ£֤ȷ䣡ݰԪָ£ΪԻһ˰ɣֻ޷Ͻ
ĪСɣɩûǸɳƾôҪߣ
ҲؿЩĪҪ۸ף˵Ͻĳ׺ͷ
̫үǽ״ߣ
ǿ飬֮Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ϧɲһȺǰ׽Ѳüͬƴһ˵ûɳҲΪͻɣ
ûֹϵȻλүӦǰȥ˵ôҲã񸾱һˡ
ĪСɣĵسס½ǣƸֱſСֵǰ
Ҹûˣǲߣ
ͳüŭĿСĪ˵ûˣǱȥٸн˵Ÿ˺ɳҲԩȥǱҲֻܵηˣ
ֽưεһߣƣĪҪģǹȥ˵֤µġ
ɣ㿴úǣ㼤
үүһԺӣҪǵ汻ԩˣһĻǾͶڸеҡ
׺ͷͷѾͷģϷ򱣹ܼû£ǻϷȥ㣡
Ҫľ仰س׷Žʾ⣺߰ɡ
ĪѺһֱӸ˾á
ɳ⵽ĸҵǱãǮѿһȫϣɳһԣۿŸ󰸡
Ǯѿ˶һҧƲĶǰµģȫûϵ
뱻ǮѿԪô£ǷھƲ˵˶Ҫɳ
תһԵɳʵҲΪ
ɳһĸƤ֪ǲ뺦ң
ʸˣɷ鷳ˣͬ˵˵龭
ҲΪ޶˼Ӻ˸ͷŹڵϵǮѿٽԭԭ˵һ顣
Ǯѿ˰һۣһѱһؿ


539 Ҫ

˰룬ҷźúõİ˳˲ΪҪڶֻ˰ĵ
˵Ѱ㲻ְ˵һ飬Ů˵ԼߥȥɳԾƣЦ
˼ҾȻ㲻֪£˵ҽȥ빫Ծƣ֪Ǻʱ֤֤
ǮѿʱתȥŭĿ
ʱңҵ˷ׯǰȥ빫˵Լ޾ƲˣЩߵŮͷׯĻƶ֤
һߵŮȻȫģ˵ʲôǾ˵ʲô֤
ǮѿӿڣзׯĻأǿɲҵģ
뵭ȻһЦҲãǮʹĥѱǲᱻ򡣡
Ǯѿŭ˵һ͵㶥ˣҪӺң
ò˵ǮѿԵݵϷݵûãǸ޲ҧ˵Ϊλ
ϧи©Ǿʱ䣬ʱҰŸͬɳ棬ɳеӣһӦ֪Ǯѿ˵ѡ
ǺתɳֱԵſˣŮ˵ʱȥķׯɻǵãҼʲôʱ
ǲˣɻڲ࣬ѵҲǲǸʱռ档
䣬ɳͺһ
Ҳ˵ûͬıӺңׯҶ˼֮ز룬ЩûƬҲܵˣ˭֪ǲ⵽ǰתһȦתͷȥƺңû׼ߵΪ㣡
˲׹ɳҪ赶ɱˣΪԼҪԼ
Цһÿ࣡Ǻðɣ븮ׯָ֤ɡ
֣صͷáˣׯá
ֵһվׯ϶ָ񸾣ΪƽϣҼͲŮһվٽ۾ϣȷǲʾׯĻƣҿǷָϳ񸾣
˿һ۱ָסǮѿŮǣ˼ׯֻǱͨģûȥׯЩҲûһȺָеѣļ롣
ãǾĪҲȥ뱾ٸеŮǻͬɫķΣٽǻǰָϣˣȻָ
Ǯѿͼɲɣȥׯʱñû¶Ŀôϵó
ѽڲףΪҪñԭΪ˲ϳ
룬㾹Ȼգ㺦ҲͰˣҪֱЫɥĲ񡭡
һľľŭྲ֮ϣ
˵εؿ룺⡭Ī˿ҪñǻΣ
⻰˵ǮѿʱһҭۿˣƵó
뵭ȻһЦǻңδþƲֻûңԲŻţ
ˣ񸾽ҲҪһ
ͻҲҪ˶һȻѯʵ֪Ǻΰ
һָǮѿŮ˿ڿ˵ǰ˳ˣҵĽԪ㣬ɾ֪ǸԪ֣֮ͲǰԪ㣬ҽ㣬ð䣡
Цǽһ빫ԾƵţôһϷҪݺң񸾵ʣͲҽԪ㣬ΪҪһɳԾƣ
ɳҲˣ˸һľľǮѿŭ󵨵󸾣㾿ǺˣȻ㵨ɱԪ㣬ð
ǮѿתصˣԪ㲻ɱģǡǱ蹷ҧģҲҪðֻǡֻǰ˳Ȣǰһλ£Ծֱ˸ɴ㶥ŰԪֱķˡ
˵Ķʵȥʰ˳
ڰ빫Ծ֮£ҲڲףҪҺȫƣ
ŭȣһɺԣˣȥ밲˳
Ǯѿ۽Ǻݳ˼£Ϊһɱɳô¿϶ᾪϣᾭɹٸ棬ɳߵ˱Ὣץ͵ǰ䡣
ʱԼֻҪȫƵϣõķׯ֤֤ǰ붩ľƲˣھƲֽţǻҲֻɱ˰ɳһˡ
һܳɳһʰǵöʹ죿
Ÿðⲽ壬ȴû뵽ɳûӻǰĸ⹷ٷŰ룬Ҫԣ


540 ©ٳ

ٲѾɱȥǰ˳ˣ˵Ĺʱ˺ãϽȥ±š
ֻ֮ʣһȺۣپԾɹڵϵǮѿˣɳҲòϢȥˡ
ͷ˿Ǯѿ㵽ж裿˲ѵĺжҲó
Ǯѿ޺ٵ⣡ĪҪΪҹĽ˾ͻ˵
Цá
ûʲôõ⣬ֻû뵽ľȻնˣһδβĵӺңҾԲ㣿
ǮѿҧٷѻΪڲĵҲΪԸУҺˣ
׽ļưＫˡ
ǮѿΪ˶ɵļı©ٳûѣĪ˵ңֻµԼҪʳʱڶ
ǮѿԾҧʺӴ
һжıƣôúڣ
ֻԼ͸·ǣҲӱ¿ˣԱ죬ٴǮѿ
ûһɳŮȻת˻˵ǹȥʻ
뱾ȥǹãɳ⣬һǱԭ棬ؼôĹٲͽվڹһߣҲþܾʻֻøŮ˺á
ɳһСƫţŮϣۿ롣
֪ԩģǱһҧҲзݣҲ
ԣǣʹӦҪ跨ƵҹĽĻ£ĪȾȢңĻҲĪҲˣ
Ŀᶨȥ֪ԩľͺãڱģ񸾰ﲻ㣬ǹִⲻҲû취
йڣû¾ûүҲǳ۾ģ񸾾Ͳţ滹ܱԩɣ
ɳջһӣộᣬĪҪʶô
ǺǸЦһֲǼ޲ȥΪηҪ๫
Ҽ๫ҲͰˣû㣬ִҪ޹ѵѸ𣿡
ɳؿδþ͵òĻģԱ䵭Ϊѣ
̾ϢȻôģֺαԼȡɡ
ɳִⲻԼϣ͵һ䣬ŭǷҪƲԳԷˣ
뵭һûҪ˵񸾾ȥˡ
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վס
λȻֱΣŰ뱼˹ȥ
ĳŮһ˫ֻסӣŴ˫ۿɳ
ҪΣ
ɳ־ס䣬ֱǰ⧲ض˫̶ۣһΣɳ۾׵һ˼άһУƬ̺ʧȥʶ
ʱҹĽԽǰźãã˶صϣҲ˱Թۡ
ҹĽԽ뿴ͷڹеİ룬˼죬ȴһͷҲ̧һ£ҲֻȾ䡣
ҹĽǮѿ£ҹĽüǮѿ
˵ԼǰԪ㣿ǱķˣЦͲʶŮˡ
ǮѿȻûϵ˵󺰣ɾ᲻ϵңɲûİðԪŻɾ˼㲻ԩȻҲֻȥһˣ
ҹĽɫһвԼһ
ȥһ֪ûϸô
Ǯѿȥס½ǣ̧ͷ
ɾҪ˵ǵȢһɳԲֱĸðԪޣΪҵĶʮӲҵ֮λ˵ǣ
ҹĽȻһŽſŭøſڴƻƵĸˣ㵹˵˵Ķʮ˵ҲһԼݣð˳Ҫ̰ͼǮƣЦ
˭֪ԪԪǰװ׸˵ҹǰǱ˼ңԪƱլԺ£δٱߣǱص֮θ֪լԺڵЩǮƣ
ϧϧϧԪ蹷ҧˣĵΪֻⲻ֪ðļţ
ǮѿҹĽ̼ⷬһȣſڱ˵ӾҸģԪҲΣӣ
ҹĽɫطʵ˵ģ㵹˵˵һ˼λôǮôӪ׬Ǯ
ǮѿʵסˣѲҪ˵Լɱ˰
˸֪λشҹĽǺЦ˵˰ɣ踾Ӻð䱾ķˣֱݣ
˵㳯Ÿһ֣ˣ踾زʶĪҪ踾ſڴƻƣϳͣ


541 Ź

Ǯѿʧɫ
ҹĽ㾹ȻҺңҶԪң㻹Ұ㽫ȫߣ
ҰˣЩŮȫˣȻˣ
ҹĽ俴ƿڴȴỵԼ
ѾΪɳ˻ԼŮ˵ңɳǲɵӦøмԼûһȺŮ裡
Ǯ£ǮѿԼͲЩǮƵ·˵ǰԪ͵ڸеģҲû֤ǣ¸ļңЩǮֱ׳С
ֻǮѿԼԸãιֵ
ǮѿʶԼҹĽĵ˸ûҪ˼ȫɵã
Ů˷һ˹ȥҪۣ
ҹĽ㻹ҵӣ㻹ұ֤ʰĪȾ㣬ȫƭҵġ
ȫؿ裬һľľȵ󵨷ˣȻݺ룡
ҹȻð䰲˳ˣӺɳ񼫣ʵڹݣ˰ȥʮϷ䣡
ǰҪǮѿȥ踾Ѿ˵©죬Ծɲϰݣ˦۵ָסŭķңƾôֻңϢ𣿣
ü˰֤֤֮йأ㷽Ҳ׿ڳˣҪʰĪȾ㣡
ð˳ǴΪݺڲƭɳЩĶˣ֤֤ȷ䣬ûԩ㣡
䣬Ǳɳһ˭˵û֤֤˰йأ˲ԼǷҲֱ׳
һ㵣תͷԾվһİ룬ֻ˳һ䡣
룬лҪ˵
뻹Ŵ׶ƣʵҲû
ɻؿ룬Ϊβش𱾹ٵ⣬ԩ飬ºͰ˳ڴˣλΪԩҲɼݺˣ
ԾһԲһ
Խü΢ģЩΡ
룡
˱ΪԲϸ˻䣬Ǳ߰͵ͻһ䣺ǣңġ
ɳЦðø룬ȻͬŮһңҶǴû𣿴۲ϸֻһǾݹֱҪڻˣ
Խ
鲻ԣ룬˵һ飬Ҫɳ
ԾͷҲû̧һһٵػصǣңġ
ҹĽǰץס˫ҡε𣿵㣿
ûľżƵıεֱۺԴֱҡȴͷҲ̧ػصǣңġ
ԽǰһѽҹĽס򢣬̧ͷҹĽҲ˲Ϊ뿴ޱʧ˻ľȻʱ޲ͷһ
ɳŭѾˣǻΣѲɶΪñƽ޹˼Ӻ𣿴ԴģǲǸûɳУΪ۸
ԽŭĿˣڿ˵Ҫ㣬Ϊɳ֮
ĪҪΪɳǴΪи̣ǹҲŹ㣡
ѻ˵꣬뱧ߡ
˼к£ⰸӻûأ
Խصɳްãݣ벻ٳ⣬ԾЩĪҪܳҡУ
ɳҴ£Իϣûᣡ
ɳŭ㾹Ȼӱ˼Ӻ֮£Ұѱ
Խһߵ꺢ͯģпɳ֮ȻԸģܹ˼Ӻ㣿
ǴԸ𱣻İȫǹԼǴҲĪκΣԴǲ˰ɣɳѣ֪ɷ񵣵𣿣
ɳ˵ƿԣŵؿת첽˹ãҲ޷ţ֮ǰǸָǻ
ҹĽһؿԽ˹ãתͷɳɫһڡ
ĪҪⰸҿҲ޹أȫǮѿ踾һΪ϶˲뵽񶾵ֶΣҪͬʱӺǶˡ
ˣ˰һţҲˣݡ


542 զôԣ

ɳھ֮УȻϣϽźãǹ͡
¹ٶ˳룡
ҹĽɳ߳á
ǮѿòסҲˣ뺰Уֻʹ޵ؿıӰ
Ǳ߸һľľ󵨷ıɳȥشʮ壡Ϸ䡭
ԽŰ˸ãŵظ
£ҪνⰡ
ԽüҲ֪ȻظĵǷãǲ
һЩɣǵ£׹ǰ˶ʹ̥ܵǣи̥ҩٸĵ᲻ƻ̥Ķƽ⣿
Խһ㵣ҺѣǺ˴£ȴظǸϽȥ̫ҽ
ǲҵ飬ȥԽ򽫰뱧Ȼ
ȫ̰붼ľżһû㷴Ӧ۾գһ£ĳġ
ɳŮַ˵Զȥ˵Ļǣʹ֮ΪܣӶߡ
Ϊˣɳ˲Ż֮Ϊ֮ɵЩĵ˾ԲŮӣǺ»ᱻŮ߻ǣ
벻ɳССͣȻҲʵ˷ʤ
ԽȻ֪廹ϵˣɳӺ룬ôڴŮ˻׷Ź룿򲻵ѣĲٺɳ򽻵
ص˸ϽȥĪ֪ͨĳүӣҪУûа취ҽ֢
ļλ̫ҽǿϧǣ˰֮ȫʾ޿κΡ
ҽӦҲû֪̫ҽʵ޲ߡ
Խĵóʼܸܲã
̫ҽϸоСĵΣֻҩʵףѰԼԣǿ壬ɶ԰֡ȴãʹ̥ҩĸˣȷȫſʹá
Խ̫ҽôֻ˽ߡ
ҵȣĳ׺ͷˣϼһûӵĽĳŮת˼ȦкǺֱ֡
ӴզôԣǿɰѾͷ㻹вϷ򲻣ײϷˣųһȦ˸ȥ˻꣬汿Ҽһ㣿
ͷֱ̧Ŷϴ˵һʹһ£ĳŮѩ׵Ӳ׵ӡ
Խ۵ָ̧סֻͺ֣ûүү
游ĪҪٺˣģûóԵˣ˼֣
⻰ʱð׺ͷʧɫ
ǿɲɣϽģŪѣϷ
Խ
ֵܿѾ뿪˾ǣʦûа취ϵ
׺ͷʵֱͷϵҲѣϷֱȥǣֻСӼסʵ̫Զһȥһأ˵գ
Խֵѵܷɸ봫飿
Сͷֱͷһӣͷûĸֲʶ·ǧ˵ɾͷɣ˵ɵòñϷܵÿ죬Ϸû׼¾ƣ
ĳ
游˼Ҽʶ㣬ѵҲ֪˻Ҫν𣿡
׺СͷҲûһ䣺˭˭⣬⻹ʣɣϷȥѾͷߵ׽˲£
Խһ£λصֻûǰס
СͷʱԲ۾һߣһߴӡ
С˼Ϸ򲻹ˣ˵˭
ĳϽ񣺡˵ò游򲻹ˣֻ˲ÿϸ֮
׺ͷŵҲ⣬Ϸ򲻴˵ģϷȥ
үӼĳڳɣһϣŭ㻹ĥôϷ֪֢ʵаʩ߷סߵʶʹǶ˻һҲֻʩ߲ܽ⿪ӡƽѣ
ͣԽֻ˵龭û˵꣬ĳͷӱץȥҲ
ץɳͷν죬ûʱ㽫ൽֱᵽԽ鷿˵ذС
ȻűӰͷסﻹֻ廨Ьɳ޲̾ѹүһûȢϱ˿֪ϧֶΣ˭ܵ˰
ԽҲ˰ɳɰŮһɿ廨Ь˳ȥŻŻ˫ͨ죬ÿʼţָ̧סˡ
ǺôĵӣȻҶԱǲǲˣ׽ǰҪ


543 ǿ

ԽűԼҲ֪£ȫֱµɳַ̧˷Ҳֲˣǹ԰׹ﰵʩȣֺ˽°
Ѳɹ뱾ȥֻعǲɳìܣǱ˰ѹͻȥٴǰȥݻᣬúһʣΪҴҴʩа
ɳ͵ػعɫˡ
ò˵Խģʵ̫ˣͶ͵ӼӲʣ壬ĪȾҲδúÿ٣ɳɿһ硭
ԽüϽѰ׹﻽ѣ㲻ƽϴ£ĻҲݹֱˣ
ɳعʵ֪´ζԱ
Խδ˵Աĳ׺ͷ˳ֱ̧ɳĸ߱
˵СѾͷõͦÿģĵ𣿻ϽҸŮĻ껹ҪϷСᣬſϹԹ𣿡
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Ǻôĵӣֱӱò֪˴󲻾𣿡
ɳŮΪԽݸ߹Խǲ׽ʾǰͬλ͵˿˵λߵŮףܿҪĴۣ
Խʾǣȥ빫ֲֻʧ¼Ȩð֮빫£
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˶Ա񣬻˵ֱ׳۸ĿףƵ
ô֤˵Ǳ԰ʩ֮ƾôҪΪδԼӺº麦£Źװɵ
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ſңſǾȻԱ֣ΪɳǺ۸𣿣
׺ͷû֣ͼλߴµһѶиɫСƿӣмڵСߡ
ĳͷһӣȥһѽǼСȫ׽Уٵɳǰ
Ϸ㶯ΣСѾͷǿǱķϣϷɴЩƿƿ޹ĶȫιԸȥ
˵һңʹҲͰˣĶãô߰߰ģǴı˭
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λֱǿɶСռ涾ĸʺɳʦ˺òƳĽҩ
ͷѶңǿоĸ֪Ǵ̫Ȼưոݣ
ԽΪͷʹؿǰһĻͷǵҪЩǾ͸Ͻ׹еˣүӻὫһȫ㡣
ɳĻɫһ䣬ҧ
ҽ뻽ҲɣӦһҪ󣡡
ԽֺܲԤУɻǻʵǺҪ󣿡
ɳָ̧סҸⶾȢΪޣĻ붼ĪҪһὫѣҲԲ˳ϣģҲĪ뽫֮ɳͷϣ
Խһ飬סҹĽ˻ԼȢΪޣϽԣ㵱ϴͻǶϷ¾أ
ɳһǾû취ˣҲǽԣȻ²ܴӦҪǾݹҲˣ
Ż֪ɳ߻֮ˣֻʩһ˿ɽ⣬ֻһӻججʬˣ²˭ܽ뻽ѣ
Խɫؿɳ⣬ֺαǿѣ
ҹĽ뱾һǻ״͵ķţݵλȫȱòҲǸ̳һԹġ
֪з֮ʵټ޸ף뺦밲˳ΪʧԣҪʵ޷ܣ
ɳͷΪʧǰˣҿҵ۾ٽŵĻ˵һ𣿡
׺ͷʱüͷһ壬֪СѾͷҪʹˣɳɲֹһŮʢеа


544 ɳ

ԽȻҲ֪Щȴηؿɳ˫ۣᶨػصĻˣñ˵һٱ飬ҲһӦҪ󣡡
ɳаסԽ˫ҪþѹסǣʩԼģϧľ˾ԼͷۻǰԾɲΪ
㣡㡭Ϊôң
Խһ˵ˣĻǸϽ׹֮ɣ㶨Ȼֲȥ
ɳصһִⲻأΣ
ԽɫһһᶨػصǾݹֱһУɳҲϧ
ɳֺһ㡭㾹ȻҪΪ˰ɳô˰
ԽüͷһǱôˣֻҪ֪ƤӵºΪҴ񻹲ϴǾԼǷе
ɳֻһǿѹѹЩϲʱҲˣʵû뵽ռǻʵƶ˵
ĻʱͻȻһƬϲĽ
׹ˣ
£ϲ׹ˣ
Խһ󲽳ҷȥɳҲЩ㵣Լ
ȥƣ߰ӰһոջվԱߣڰŪǼСߵͷͲˡ
аֱͦͦԴ̧ĨһѶͷϵ亹ŮĺһȦеľϳԼڡ
ϽؽĳĽƽϣжմ˼ҵζһ㡣
ԽƼĴϣǰС
ˣް𣿡
СŮ۾ںʮ㣬Ļаʧ֢״ϲѡ
ŤŤòװֻڼϵĴ֣˺ĳ˸
񸾼£ֻǲ֪Ϊλڴ˼䣿
ճݵİ׺ͷʣϽǰȥһѱһؿߡ
ѾͷϷˣڹϱɳС˻꣬Ϸи̣ϽС׽ˣⲻҪأԸˡ
ԽҲ͵յϢ˵˶Բãԩ˱Ÿϵţһ
ϱȥʱѾɳȥǣȻ㺦ΣֻýţصУҪϵ֮㾹Ȼˡ
㵱û𣿿ɻôĵط
׹Լô
Ҳû뵽ɳȻԼߣںһڴߵĵӰƳߵЧǾ͵ݵξ֮ųɣ
ԣ⧲ɳ֮һֱ跨Լξ˺ö취û취Լɴúõ˯һײһΣεԼǰĲεҲˣȻһѹˣ
ɳҲظңö˶˵վǰʱҲЩţҪ֪ʩʱµֱŮˣԼѣûôѹˣ
ʵɳԼҲ֪νʵһִߣڶʮһİԣЩֻһʾֻҪܴƳЩʾȻͿƽɳЩνаˡ
˵һĽȻԵɺϣӮˣҪɳѣԼ˹
Ȼˣû취˽ԼҲ˵£ԵһЦ
񸾵û£ֻǷɳȻѣûŻĵǣűߣҿ񸾹˶ʱƽаԾѹˡ
Ǻ¸ŵһʵǲãڴл£
ɳŵǰָסƽⱾģ룬Ѳˣ
ĳŮϸһǰλò¶ݵĹȻԼϣŮӦڲ˹һ壬õͦÿġ
ҲΪɳ಻ͷӲ죬Ҳ
ŲأֻаѣΪ֪ǱԩģΪֹȻû侮ʯ˼Ҽ๫񸾷Ȱһ䣬ҪΪ˶ɵӣҲûǰ۸
ԽȻɳǳ˶԰׹ʩ֪кλҪ˵ݰ붾ˣǱҲ´ȥǰúΪ׹ָ˵
ɳ˸رĿ⣬ɫ㱾ù֮±㲻Ǽƽˣ´ΣԲŹǣ
ºݻתߣԼŽţûɴҲ˲ϣֱܳ鷿
סǺüĿֱͷԽ
ͻݣ𣬱˵ǹԼܳģˣԺȥ
ɳһţϸպòȵԺжʯϣѵ˲죬۵
ȴ㲻ɣ


545 Ī

ɳĳͷЦдǰ
ѾͷϷؿúܣǸСӵĵϷԲܳɲܹҰ
ǺǸЦǿΪүˣûԵ£񸾱иˣλүӼȻ˸ϣɣ񸾱㲻ٴΪչ˼ˡ
׺ͷһ⻰ĵȥ
ϷΪҪѾͷϷүүСûֹϵôܽϷ˸أԲԣ
ЩȫǺ߰ǸϽûؼɣպͬΪ飡
ɨһϵҶࡢͷɺߡߡߣ˵ͷ󣬿ɸǾ綾ͷֱˣҪЩûؼȥ
ǸҰûĪǾҲסĪˣ
׺ͷһ⻰Ǽ˵ϣŵ߼Ů
ԽҲһۣ游ǽЩɳȥɣĪҪ˵ˡ
ĳͷһһ̣ػһ䣺ĸ游ٸϷݣϷʶ㣡ὫЩ߻ǸҼױŮĳѾͷ
ĳ
룺Щ׽סˣȻٴظ
׺Сͷ˵ֽǼС׽УĳҶȥˡ
Խؿһ۴󿪵Ĵӣ游Խ곤ԽСӣ׹չˣĪҪڼƽϡ
ٶȸЦǵ²ģ񸾻ϣԼչ˼ҡ
һ䣺ϷҪչˣϷĪˣĪĹͬôϵŮϷȻؼȥҲ
Ͻ򴰿ڣȵȣϵȵҡ
ϧһӰ߱ڣܲᱻƵģ˲˸ûӰĳŮԼջ𴷴ӣ
ԽǿЦⰲοصģظ
룺ܸôôѣ
ҲԼظϾĪԶһ磬춼ˣ˭֪·ֻʲôħ֣
ԣʵʵͰɡ
鷳¸׼һٷλ绤ͱɣ¹æͲȥˣʵǻ֣̿
ԽȴûӦҪһˣҲ˳·ǵΪ㣬Ҳػ̿֡
ŲأǷʵôк£
ԽĿƵؿڹı£
ĳŮ
Ǻǣ˵ЦˣΪҪĵµ£ֻ΢к棬²Ҫȥɳ񸾵Щͻɣ
Խδÿɷ񣺡ѵɣ
ǳ˳飺Ҳ޲ɣֻ񸾾ãֻǱԩģʵ񸾲ɣҪȥ㲻˰ɣֻ˵ǮѿӺһ±ɡ
ɲϹעλϿǸǲ˭մ˭ùһٽɳһ´£ǲ
Խֻõͷǲʣ㲻㱻ԩ֮£𣬱ֻҲұΪ£ֻǻñÿһЩѡ
룺ǲ˵ϻ
ûʱ㱸ϽԽ鷿һԱΪּɿȫʵʵ¡
ԽҲƿ˵Ҫͷ꣬Ͻֽס
ΪҲҪ
Խֱ׳صһԣǸ˶Ŀ
ȻʲôĿ
λü׹˱ܻ䣬ǵ֪Īչмǲ˻ɱΪſУȻҪԼأŲɡ
룺ͦеΪǸо˹⣿
Խ޷û˵¡
ϽһãӶ˶ڽ
ܿһ·ŻʹȥĳŮֻγܿ㣬ڸгǿļһһ̫ã๫֪ˣ֪Ҫȶٰ״ס
ƫƫԽĿֱ߳򣬳̲סջһ䣺ɶ
ĳʳָĪ˷ڱϣ㲻ˡ
룺
֪ҪͲܵȰͻȥȥʹ񾭲
ðɣȻһʱ˵ĵɶԽȻǻϵĶӣͻһɶ
谵ԽĿؿڽСŮˣŰһźڰرֻۣһգһգ˸ӣϻɢ뵽һʣɫ㣡
Ǳ߻ɫֻͷð𣬺޲ܽ߻ڶƵһƺͷȥ
ͻȻĳŮȫһ


546 

ԽֻǽеЦ
ôţҹ㴩õĪҪ
룺
ֵû˱ܾ޷ģø˰ЩֹȥٳоǱװߣһͲ֮ٳˡ
벢ǲʶôİŵȷ˹ٸ˸Ϊ֤ɳԩ±㲻ơ
ϵлǾͶлˣ
Խ̾лңҲֻǲΪİΣǣһͼġ
⻰˵úʲôƵģ벻֪νӿڣֻûû
һֱ͵Ī⣬ԽŲ
˹鷿Խ˰һ㷢ֻĿ⸴ӵضơ
ʿлҪ˵
ȳ֣㣬ĪȾǸô£վǰ޻ɳ˼Ӻ֮£˵ɳ԰ɳ֮֮㽫˴ˣ
ԽصȷʵˣҲɳΪĪȾ㻹ΪӱԩҲͰˣȻɳ㲻֪صʩаԲŽ˴ظԾΡ
ʣ֮зڰˣ
Խʵػ֮˵ֻʩ߷ɽ˶˽ɳ°˸У׹ڰ׹Ѿͻؼˡ
Խû˵Լ⿪û϶ȤܸҪ鷳
ֱֱΣɫƽüڣΪĪȾӽ㾹Ȼ°ɳǶŮӱģ
ԽϽƲ壺ʣ˽ģֻǲɳݺĪȾڴսд󹦣Ϊ˴ǰĮ߹Ч޶˸Զй֮ܿŰ׹ѶӲܣ
һֵɨʲǹ㣬ǻӣǶŮҲ޷Ůӵ縮ɣҴϻ۴Ҳ뽫븮С
ĪȾ㣬ɳΪƺΪ⣬޵Ǻֹɣ
ԽɻʲѾּΪҹĽ˻ԸɳĪȾ£
ϺǺһЦΪأ
Խһ£ҡͷ⡣
ζһۣҹĽǱܵøһᣬɳһ¸պÿã˲ôͻɣλʵ޲ɳ
ԽʵλʽļأǲּԼĶģΪȨʧ⡣
ҹĽȽ⣬ʵϷΪҲȫΡ
ҹĽүķλַ̫ƽҲͰˣɳףڽɳϣҹĽûĻãУɳıӦ϶ԻϻǶԴǸ޴
Խȴ˵ϾȾǴɣǻ谮ĶҲԣɻԼҪ˵㲻ټװɵ
Ǹʵ˼Ҳڴɳٻ飿
һʵ޵վٰΧԵĿأĪȾɳһᣬϧǳСӰ㲻ʶȤҹĽ˱ˣ
ɳѷ֮»Щ鷳룬ҪôܴٳɳĪȾĺ£
ԽüΪѡĪȾ㣿ЩĳӲſȻвٰͲȢɳ֮ʺβٰ쳡ᣬɳúѡɾ
ֶΣճ̾㵱治޵Ŀ뵱ҹ̩һ𳤴޵ʱĹϵĪȾϧʤ֪
ܹ̩񰲣޸޴ӵ֪жȻλȫҹ̩Ϊ޳
ʱ忴üأҲںο˵ҹ̩߸϶ᱳޣģ֮λơ
ǻģ̰һԭϤ˱ԽԽİ㲻֪ʱʱֻᵹ򣬳Ϊʤĵˣ
״͵ƣɱٸֵܣ޶飬ȴĶ޺֣
޴̫ʱ˷֮ģʱ㿪ʼȨвɼˣӶ֣ɱ޺üӣ
ֱҲڰװգŵ֪ǵȲˣԲԳϹ֮γ
û뵽߾ȻĪȾһǵȨҲͰˣһҲȨѱΪһҹ̩
ҴѱӲԣʵǸ
ԣϣȢɳһǶĿ飬ǵģҲ˵պÿԽɳһʰ
ԽҪΪɨƽδ鷳Բ㣬ϻλղðޣ޵Ŀ𣿡


547 Ŀ

ԽϽߵͷ
أиڣκ˵ͼıƶóѣ
ʣĿģǸĲΪǰֻ࣬밲ַһ̫ƽ֪ޣһһǷرһӣʳȫ
ü𣺡˵Ϊӣû־뵱ϵĻӶǺûӣ
壬޵ֵܣӲ˼ϽȻΪûĸΪ޾ͻϲֲ˼ϽĶ
ʵˣĸϲŮӣҲϢлʶ֮أܵεһ˵ûΪ̫ӣʵֻǲ˽ìͷָ㣬޶ڴʤˣüס
󲻿˵ЩûϢĻˣֻҪڿʼú㹦ƣΪ̫ʱκ˷飬֪𣿡
Խֵ̿عֵ֪ˣ֮ĪҲӣ
ֽص˵ͷ
˵˵ҪβĪȾĸԸȢɳΪأ
ԽԶʱһͷʹ
ֻĺѣĪȾأ뽫˷ֿ𣡡
˵ûϴͷϻϾȻ˵ͷ
ޱɳִ֮ɣˣĪȾ㲻УһΨǴӵĵջذˣҲ˲ʶʱ񡣡
ԽһϽֻص򲻿ɣ֪ĪȾĸͬһ㣬Ǵ˰룬ĪȾἤԹޣһĺܣư
ɫһң
Խһ֣˼ΣĪȾ֮ĸ飬֮κһ޷صĺ
Щؽֽĵһ졣
˵޻κβˣ
ԽҡͷȻκβǣֻǵ治˽䱸ĪȾ㡣
ݶ֪ȨƺȤֻ˹ƽҸСӣ˵ǺϽ֮ģҲԲҹ̩һ̰Ĳ㡢ͼı죬ʴɶģ
ɳҲδĪȾȤλвԣϲϲǸֻΪѡһԴ޶סӱɣؿϲϲ
ֻΪסɳڱĮ֮ٲһţʶҪɳŮһĻظѡ˭˲Ҫֻ跨ɳŮͷɡ
ʻгһմһͳ£ɳظҲῴУ
ϱЦˣ㵹ǻ˵ȥѰǰ޶ӣɳŮ⣿㵹ǸƼһλ
Խ룬ֻصսµУһ˱Ϊɫո׳ЩǣҸԹֱΪҺ񣬸ʵһ´ˡ
ĸһҪΪЧǽ豱Įսһ£ЩʳأҲӦȥɳŮһء
ü׳ôһ
Խϸ˵һ¸׳£󷴶ɫ˼֡
ĪȾߵˣûСΪãǱǵԴģǾǻ
Խû뵽ôĿ࣬û˵ʣûϽĸ˼֣ʵоĳС
ҲֻøıԣһֹȰϡ
ʣĲĪȾ㣬ҲûҪǵɳףҲǿͲɳԸ𣿡
ıЦ㲻˰ɣȨܿǷȨ֧䣿˵ĵףûд̼ǲἤġ
ĪȾʱûıңҲûԼжĺôɳ˻飬ָܵգǲǶĿ飡
޾뿴һǸôסޱһǲȻɳһΪ㽨ҵĵʯֶΪ
ԽȻϻϾĿ⣬ĸоԼ̫ЩʿŪڹ֮Уơ֮ɱϣδѣһԼĿƷΧ֮ڣڱܸ֧䣬ȫһΡ
ֻǣ¹ذ룬ʵû񸸻һ㵭Ȼ֮
һ˲˲ؿô˵ˣ
ԽϽֻصʣǸоĪȾȨƣһԵŮӣĪҪΪˣʵ֮ǻȥɡ
ĪȾ㱾ٴһôˣʼɻ䣡
ҡͷ


548 ֮

һǲôˣ֮£ãȷΪең㣬ΪУ
Դսϻ֮ĪȾƲ壬ƽĻ£㲻᲻֪ɣĪȾ㵱ΪãĲѧ书ǹֽƽӶΪԼһУ
ԣ֮ˣԲԴΪãܿΪãƽ׸Լ޾
޽Ҫ̸ıһšϧ֮Ŀ֮ȴԲܸ֮ʣԼò˵ˣǾ;ԲΪЧ
ԽԶԣֻܹصʽѵǣˡ
ϵͷˣո˵е࣬ЩܲˣȻȥúɣĪȾ¾ͲˣԼ취תͷټǺ㡣
ԽϽ񣺡лʴΪǣǶ㲻ŸˣҲЪϢиˣ
ϰ˰ʾȥԽ鷿ʼͷȻС꣬ϣһƬ֮⣬̧ͷ˿ڵҹգֻͷҲһƬ䡣
ǸִҪƻĪȾҸǺã
˵԰вһ˼ϲ뽫ΪУ˼ҶԼ⣬ΪӣҲԼĽǿֻϣҸ֡
Ǹʳ֣Ȼ֮޴鷳㲻ûΪԼƻĪȾ֮Ҹ
Խüͷ壬ð취̬չһ
ڶհų԰緹Сʮ׳˵Ǹġ
ϽСһӭλٲ
ʮ׳˸ţ볯һ֣ĪˣǸ˰ŵְģĪڱĮԼչ˲ܣ˴ʹҵǰ˲ǲ
ЩȻĪˣ
һ׳صû˵ˣѾʥּԺּĪȾĪΪԺ׫һְҵȽҪĪ˵ӣڱĮҵȱǰĪİȫ
ǺЦǾλˣ
빰ֻصĪ˲ؿⶼҵȵְڣ
Ҳûٶףֻû뵽ֲȻֱӣ֪Խİţǻϵİţ˻ûӱĮأΪԺ׫治оܾĻᰡ
ܵ˭İţЩټҵǺõģ֤һװףǻӺǣǲٶӵˡ
Ǻɴż̬֮֮Ƚ˸УźסȻ㿪ʼҪ¡׬Ǯ
Ѿյ֬ˣȵҲһѣĪСɣȥ˺Ժʽʼȡ
СΪ˻ʮӵլԺǮǾԵ֮ȵ죬øֲ֮㶢ǰơ
ĪСɣ澢ͱˣؼ˶ɾʮ㣬ʮڴһ𿪶˾ְЧʼߣûʱһȱȴˡ
˿ŴģеȣӨ͸ɫѣּҲͰˣûֱⶫ棡ôʹһϡˮôӲһ飿
Ұ뻹˺üͺɫһ͸оȼֵƣ
õȱֱӴȥžһڣܿһȺΧۡ
Ȼ˽Ⱥȱõľ˳Χ۵ǰϴǸоر࣬ϴɾĶ
˵һϴ֮˶еȸȵˣʵû뵽ôʹĶϴƷɾһг־ζ
Сǰϸ˵һȵĸ;Χ۵Ⱥˣô˲һؼҡ
˵ôõֻҪǮһ飬Ѱ˼õ趹žͲֹǮˣǸǾϲڻλ֯ȡ
΢ЦһĻʵһ㶼⣬ϾҲȻ
һֻٿ飬ûһͱˣû򵽵İմźڵڶóģ˹
㣬һ⣬ӣ˵ǺܴһʣҲðΪ⣬ֻڶǮ֮·еһ
صĪֿʼֽһЩѾڲֿ˺ܾãҲǸóǮˣ
˽˳·Ȼһæˡ
ʱĪԺӵĽøȫ̲סˮ
ڶսõװСĽͬһ˵
ƽŴ󿪣ѾͷȵýƷ⡣


549 Ҫ

ԭĽ߸߶·ߣڴ˼һƽ¶һܸͶߵļ۸
ٻͷһ룬ǱЩֻҪ˶ˣҲ׬Ǯο¼ž£һǮһõطȫӣҲ˲ʲô߶˵Ͷˡ
ƷһǶԽζ޲ڣȻޱǰȥôŻƽܣ˵ĽԼҲóԵĽ˸Ǿϲ
ļǮ붩ԸߣѰˮ±˺ܶ࣬ΪζãǱ˲һգڽͣһصһСӶǮǰԤļ۸һ롣
ǼˣǮѰնҲѾˣóǮҲܼ࣬һǧٹӣӲһҲûꡣ
ʱǿʣµĶٹ޽ͣѵеܴ
ȴֻǵһЦżǰ̨һֽٰдĶ౸ЩʳģͺܿҪˡ
Ǽ˵ʮ㣬ܹ裡һǶλ˵ı¹Ŀ࿴ֻҪ˵еģǶоһУ
ڶհִ˵峵ͣûװСӣŸʾҪ͵Լװ
Ǵżһ˺˰ưһᵽͷֿʼýζȡ
ǰԭȵĳŵղ˵ζûʱһȺˣֱǰΧˮйͨ
ûǿʼޣͼýƵĲȥƷ
˵˽͵ĲֻѰĴײζ˺ֱܶ࣬ó档
Ҿׯôܵӻǰˣһǲ˺óԵòˣҲЩ󲻽⣬յǰ˳Ĳˡ
¿ɲòˣ̫ˣյĲ˲ɫζȫ˽͵Ĳ˻ʡºö
ˣɫ󲻽˴Σ˵ĺóԣ˳Եղܣ
λϰ°벻ͣԼׯǵ⣡Ϊ˱ֻĳŮԼнͣûУ֮Ĳ⼸˸Ͻͣһ˼ͰȥǸо̫٣
һٲ˳峵ⲻ˵кöĽǰϰʹ˼ҵĹ£Ͻ
ҪľЧϾǾǣܱмʮ˿ڣֻҪĹˣȺͽ·⣬ֻ¹Ӧ
æ֮󣬽ҲѾ·һ͵ˡ
ڰЪʱĪȾ㱻ΪԺ׫ʥּݵֻȽţҲ֪ĪȾڵĶˣ뾩ûʱգҲû߳Զ
ͷݴ˵ûҲ֪᲻ᵢս£лϣڸʲôãܾλĿĲƶ࣡
ɻûĦʲôߣС˾ˣˣǰ˵Ҫˣ
һϽ˽У˫ͨ죬һĻ̼֮ɫ
׹²ˣҹԹлʱ̿ͣһ˵̿Ҳɱˣ̫ҽµ֮󶼲ΪνҽΣʶҵȲŲòǰţүһңΪΣȻĻֻµ¡
סһֳűӽӵ̫ҽ˵ˣŵֲãʱ֮ǣ
û˵Ͻܳүӣүүүү
ĳ׺ͷץһֻּһȺӴӵԶԺ̽ͷ
Ůɶ㼱Ƶģ
һһСߣҲԲĴ˹
Ϊ۸⼸Сߣ
СԴֱ㣺ţ
Ļ˵ߵ£һѽĳүӳУֶԺȥ򣬱ߣ
ϽеС߷£ͷʰµߺܻغԺ̸еС书ȥˡ
ͬү˵ԽͷͣĶŵ
СǸ࣬Ϸ򻹵¶ܷ׻벻ֳˣ
üүүܲȱŪ㿴գϽȥֵһ
׺ͷؿڹСӣϷˣ˭Ѿͷѽ˭ĪСûϷȥСӣһ˵ĵɽ֮˵
룺ͷû࣡
λ綼׽ˣǶţǾȥȷһ£ܲһ˰ɣ
еͷүӣڵϦϾĪҪٳˣҪȻͬǻһƣ


550 ø

Ǻ׺ͷֻø뿪ĪܵȥȷҴǷ̣պײҲǰȥӡ
ͷҲûϣֱĳңһűŵһѪȣȻԽɫҰ׵ڴ֮ϡ
¶Ѿ̫ҽǰʵʵعһıɻѪԱһѩĳֱؿ֣߷ֽ¶ͷǼһ˾ģ
ͷŵòᣬֱҵθԹԣ˵ذ
ϸڣƼӵϻԲѣҲһģɫŭ⼸æ¹̫ҽ
ǺãѵͿҵĻʶܿ࣬һһģθң
̫ҽߵͷֵ̿ػصϣǳȲҰνʵǵҪ֮óȻνհ
ǰϣѾ˵ǰѪǰβ˼࣬µֻ͡
˫죡ЩûõĶ˵Ļ
ĳͷͷһۣãԽѽ
϶ʱûƢˣ˫֣۲ѵؿڻɫҰܵԽ
ǺãԽ۰Ļʶ壬Ͽа취ΪҽΣˣȾ޵Ļʶɣ
׺ͷһѵã㻹۵ĺӣϷ㿴ķϣȥл
Ϸɳ˵ǰͷϽĹȥúԸ£ĪҪСУָֻţǺСӸˣϷҲҽãĪҪǲã
ѵðҲеӦǣǣ壬ߣɸϽԲԽи̡
Сͷһɣ˵Ͻ͸ϽҪġյ·̣ĥһҪһ죬СͦסˣԸŰ죡
æˣޱȻعϢȥˣǧչ˺үӻ
̫ҽϽӦǣϹͳȥֱѾعˣ׺Сͷأָ˴ƣ
װװ񣡲Ϸ򣡻ϷĿСƽ
Խſ˫ۣε֪书ǿȻҲûа취ֻҪ²Ų𸸻ʵĻɣҸպд̣Խƾͼơ
׺ͷȵд㣿ɽ׽ˣ
ԽҡͷûУ̿ͽ˺ͬɱˣԭһҲҧԾˣû»ڡ
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ԽĿ΢䣺Ǽᴢλ֮ˣµǸպÿһ¡
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˵ֺɨһǼֱĨ̫ҽλͬ
˵Խ˼ظЦΪͽ洫ҽ֮
ԭ⼸̫ҽȥоոǿĵһԽоԽ䷽֮ʵڷ˼һҩǶһҩЧ಻پȻ湦Чֱ̾Ϊֹ
ԣ⼸λ̲ס̣ҩǺƣ
Խ˵ҽ֮ƣϼһܵˣҪҽһ棬ֻֽҽҩҲá
ԣԽ֮˳µǴЭ飬һѡ
үʣ㾿Ҫ
Խûֱӻش⣬ǻǼ̫ҽŵڡ
ɳøΪ׹Ī֡
Сͷɴ˫ۿԼӣĩ˻̲ס̧Ķͷ
СӲ没˰ɣֿɳС˳ˣ㲻һֱҸŮ𣿡
Խμ͡
游ĪҰѻ˵꣬ǿɳ˳ֻۣǲ뽫Ū߲ųɡ
㲻Ϊ׹Ī֣ҹĽҲţд֮±ı
δҸǵȢɳ̵ɳĻᣬڸʡڴֻ»᲻
˲װ̫ãһʷַã³֮ұôԼһܲøʶɡ
ΪԼϣϽȥֵȷǡ
ĳСͷһȻ̲ס̾
ø֣øТ
㾹ȻΪ˱СѾͷҸԸ̶ֳȣ
ǸƵĻʵӣεºܾôõĶΪ룬÷űɣϷʵǡСӸжˡ


551 ˽

ϼһﾹȻһҪĨᣬԽϽס
ĪҪжˣȥֵɣȻĪ˵⼸λ̫ҽҲý
Ǻĳү*ƵֱܳСͽԶڼǧļ缲Ӷȥǿȫģ˼ܹȥ˼ҲֻǿһǰӰоһɷѡ
һ˵İ˳ڣҹĽʮּȥ
дԽʹԹ֮ϿԽ߰룬оͼհرˬԽǻ谮ĶӣһҲΪɻ䣡
ʿպøӦˣѡ˼򲻴֣ǳ䲻ɱǳȻٺòһǿУ˻õĶӣһá
㲻ɣ»ϻΪԾٳҺһУҲỳɵϣԣΪôϧȥʿȻһҲû
ľɲϢ˵ˣ̫ҽԺ˺üҽ̫߳ҽϵźҲȥعʱɫأ̫ҽһֱûлعţȻá
ҹĽΪ˷ܣֻĳҲзϣǲŽдģ
ҹʱ֣Խһҹ°뿪Ѿ׼£һȺؤңĹע϶ݡ
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ɳŵƿϳϽһӣĪҪţغŴĪҪ˿
Խֵл£
ɳɻؿΪҹˣ紳ҵķУѵͲʧͳ𣿡
ԽҡͷĿƵؿɳ˼ȥҲòùҹĽΪޣƽױԣǰЯ˽֪ɸң
ɳϲŴ˫ۣЩţ
ΪͻȻ뿪ˣ
ԽصҲ֪ҹĽݡ
ɳص֪Ҳǻϵ׶ӣһʵǻӣ
Խü֪ģ
ɳɫߺЦǰҵģ˵ΪҪ˽ء
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ֻǣΪҪ˽أȻȢңֱͬ˵ѵ𣿡
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ʳŴ¶ȻҪʱܹͷʱգҴ췹֮ٻʱҲ˵ôˣҶ˱ĸʺҸʴͻǣ
ɳͷǣѾϲóͷԡ
Ͼ˳ɫһĪȾ㣬аôһλѲΪλδ䣬ȢԼԼΨһ
˳ĻӣǴδĻʵۣԼǿлʺģ֪ĪȾöٱ
ĸ֪Ϊ˽ҲȻ
ǣλϣãھĸʱ£
ԽҪľλױ飬һ˽ʧ٣ɳ㲻ܽʧٵͷˣֻϵù
ͷɳһŮī̺Ůʼʰ
λ޷˵ţ˵ԼͶϣ۲ͬһͬĳ˽ȥҲ~
Ů¹ΣɹѾҲı䲻ˣֻʰöŹһݣȻûܳԶȫµˡ
ԽصУϸԼһ̫ҽǸϽΣֹѪҩ֮ǰģ
ĳôѪһҰܵϣԵУ̫ҽһٱ֤⽣̵øոպãû˼κҪĳǻǿ޵ò㱳ȥ
ϱɳҶ˽ϢɳʹǶԴ˲ģλҲ˼ʶҹٶ


552 ưͿ

λɳʹ˻Ͻ˵ĳˣ빫˽ӲҪһǰʣΪ֤ӵףҲû
ͷҲеǣҿһֻۣҶǸϣ̫ҽڸҩλβҶؿϣλͷлۺջ𣬺ڼཫͷɳʹҡ
ʹڣһ̧۾ͿĳؿϵĽʱһԶԣģĪ˵Ǵ˽λԼ֪ܱܲס
Ǳ̵ţԭΪԽŪ飬Ϊ˹ǹ˽¿Ȼô£λˣ˵ôأܲԼԼһɣ
ͷһǹһδδݳӣȱʾԸ޸ҹĽҲòԼҹǲǹλµˣ
汯ʹعȥĳ֣޵ԽһҪͦסʲʧȥ㡭޿Ļʶ㶼ģˣ㡢㣬ʵû
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̫ҽҲȫȰϣĪҪ£ǰĽǲС˵
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Ƕ뾡취ҲҪΪµסҽǰΪ°νҽΣ
ˣʵڵ²˻ķ豣徻˿ڸȾǾ鷳ˣ
һĨűڼæӣȰοҲĪҪڵǣ¼࣬ȻûµģȻعɣ
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ԣνѣȴΪþˣ࣬Ҳÿո߳˿Спڽ˳ȥָĳ˸߼ķȻҩ
ȫ̻϶ŵһԣ̫ҽĿתذŴ֣˳ѧϰСиɺͷϼֱԽ׵ذŶ
Сйصϻ
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ZиϽǸл⣡ֻ²ܴ游Բ볯Ϊ٣㲻ʹ洫ҽˣˡ²Υ游
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һߣĳ׺ͷͱ˳
Сӣû˰ɣûϷҪĪȥˣôûԵҼҸŮĺ÷Ҫͣĸ·Ϸݵòˣ
ԽЦл游֮ǶˣǾͿĪȥɣ˳߰׹û£ġ
СͷһӷᣬȴſҼҸŮŲϡأรɣҲùɵˣߣ
˵㴩ߡ
Zмʦ˼ҵȵҰ
ԽϽˣֵһ󣡡


553 ɵƯ

СбҲ˼ʦһߣԹֱֵܷԸ
ԽЩس˳Zæֹ̧Ī˿ڡ
ĳֻԭɻȥЦ˶գ˶ˣֵܣЩ̫ҽһЩҽҩλ̫ҽΪﱾڻʵð˲Сķգ
Ҳ֪Ҫͻ񣬻ֵܼ£ֻһЩҽķӱãֵ֪Ƿ񷽱ͽ̣
Zл˿Ǽλڴ̫ҽЦصԭ£¿ˣҵȴҽΪβˣôò˽ġ
λǵ¸صҽҲ¾ǰ̸ϴͽ̣λǰôµģֱʱǣ¶Ȼ֪޲ԣ޲
ԽΪмлֵҽģʵñ壡
λ̫ҽҲϲ֣*ʵҵȱ㹧ˣ
Ǻλ̫ҽСΧʼ̽ʱ¸֢ηĳϣͼλ̫ҽú棬Ϸܱʼ飬ͣ¼Спҽֱʱ¸߰
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СҲ˹֣λǰؿ²ѧǳϰõҽв游һв֮λǰǶãмǶ֢ҩǹؼ
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֮ZϤΪĳҽΣ˳żλ̫ҽ̣һת۱Ƕա
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ӵɳŮĻź󣬻Ȼͻһ¸á
ҹĽʵòᣬΪȢɳţ಼ıϧǮѿ檶򷢵ˣȻ˸¼ҹ˵ľأʵѵ
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ؼûǮ·Ҫб
ȥĪ˲ʱôôӪսΪ࣬û뵽벻ò׬Ǯı»ԽԽˣ
Ҳˣ뽫֮ΪУϧ˼ȥûסİ취
֮࣬ĪȾֻҪˣ˳˳õ»λ²ܽԼҪŮŪ
תʮȥȫֲȥĳҲض顣
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ųӻӸ޺õĶԺӭ˳
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һСѾͷվߣ˿ȥ˵СȴΪϲڼͣ뿴Ҳͦϲ
һͿĵǰȥҰ˵ȥ˺ǣһ鵽׬һǮȻִȥչɽ嵽ֺ֣õĴһ¨ӣ˵գرˣ
ǸоǸļǮߣʰɾ˲ϣܳȥգΪƽû˿ϻǮ񣬼͵ϡسҲǮϳ
ҿĺʱڣһһҪˣԤȸǮ¼˵ĻǵøϽЩжˣȻٻȥ
ˣСӻǻ⣬Ѿ˶Ǯ¼˵Ļǰˣ治ĺð֣
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ͷ۵òᣡһ·϶ûͣţǸһŮҲҹ̣ЪϢҪϴѣ˶ۻˣ
֪ǸСѾиҲ֪ȡģȡģǸ֣
СѾͷԼϽһ񣺡ˣū澲ۣܸŴүȥʶū澺ܸˣֻǵʱߵüûʾүһ·ˣϣĪҪ
ЦŸ˸Щҵ޽ǡ


554 ݱ

ǰүȥˣΪҪȥϴһ£ЪЪ׼ʳڸЪȥһҲ١
ҡͷɣҶƺˣվߣʱ䶼ܵˣϻЩǮٷһ裣һıǮøԼ׬ˣ
뾪ϲؿСӣаǺģ
ĵЦһҶշĸо˼
ͷʮУг״Ԫ¸Ҳͨˣʲôߵ͹ƽ˵Ǯʵݣ
ˣݰɣó׼óԵģһﶼۻˣ»ȥҪǱ˽ԲܿǵĹ
ǣˣȥԸ
ЩĪеļҶ˳һǰԺĴֿ⿪ʼж
뿴˿ĳɫͶǺҲܼ򵥣϶һֻпͿˣÿֻľͰﶼģֱ˳Ạ̊́ڸִۣɫãʮ⣡
Ϊ̫̲óԣεļǮߣ̸䷽񲢲Ǻ̡
ΪӰŮʼƱͽڵµĴֿܶһıûȴȵıҤµͣԱ֤Щ񲻻ʡ
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ڶհΪһ׼˴ʣֿⱸһʵøСѾڳ
󳵵ĸͽ⡢ѬһȺŰʩһ
ģһʧģ
ͷƥ˼׳ʵģͷЩۻˣڼЪһӣԶ··ҲҪڼŸ·ǵðȫһһӿɲۿˡ
ʾףã·һֱڽ̴һ﹦ԵĲ˵һһȽϵĹǾʵ
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뵱Ȼû˽ЩȫһЩҾĪԺȨ԰ֲֲĪլԺޱȣЩζ㹻ˡ
׬ǮݱսҲݣǱʯıҲǵִ˱߹ء
һ·ߵò죬һΪĮδģ߾ӦǲżǰȥԮ֣ҲΪĪȾоΣ
һͷزӸѺ͵ӦúܿϲǣʯյϢ˵ݴԾδ
ΪΪڵԭ򣬱ϾƲӵʱ򣬳͢Ҳأǻû㣬ݴҲûϡ
ĪȾȴΪȻԭǣδУûбѾ߳ǧݻںͷٳٲĵ
ʯȴ˵Դ㹻֧£ЩݱҲǸ׼ģǻϸоĮսδ죬ҲزǰֻҪźͷһִս±ɡ
ĪȾҡͷֻûǰ򵥣ǻǶһЩΪƩЩйķ񣬱ϢŸС
ʯ̧ͷգɻѲɾⳡսı
ĪȾϵͷȻıĮΪڱ߹ɧãȴûһģĽ
ĮǸʳȱĵطǲݣ֧ԮսģǶԣκһս¶սپźãΪҪôʱ仹֣̳ٳٲķΪսǴΪ
ʯඥо˵ʮеǺ㴫ȥȫͷܱ˼֡
һǷֲٶߣƩ̽Ǹûʿǻ׽öŸ롣
ôһ·ϾߵһЩִ߹ʱؽԶӭţ


555 ſ

λʮߴһļУЩϥʯʩ񣺡ĩμ£ʮǵˣʵĩȵúÿ࣡
ʯǸع˹֣д˴񣬿ֻʿǲӦ·ϵķ纮еһЩûս°ɣ
˳ƽڴӪ
ǵûУֻĩŻɵǰִ֣ǰԮ֣ȴٳδµִʵǵǵµİΣ
ʯЦͽǣˣҵǻӦֻ˶յЩ۶ѡĮǱ߽տô
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ĩĴ׷ȥ紥ս£Ҹ㲻ûȷĮûжֻȵᡣ
ʯüЩĮʵǿɺޣҪŰôӢۺú
ҲŭɲǣǷѾˣ˵Ҳ׽סΣɶ뻹ǵóӻ˱Įº󻹴ŰɱҴգЦҵȱ߾ܣʵǿɶ
ʯ˱Įţôȥ֮ˣ
ζ󣺡ĩҲţɱĮǱͱʮֻĩǴýʿǳԿԲŶλϣϣԮһٽǴرĮȥҲûҴ߾
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ȻˣǾ͸ϽҪôɣ
þ콫֮ߣҲЩСһǴĹĪҪЩĮΪӺ󣬵óѼαű
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ʯ˵ʾͬ⣺ȻҲ˵Ǳ㰴İЪһЪɣȥýʿǸϽӪկȥ̽鱱ĮĲ𣡡
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ɣƲбֽţûϵԼ˰㣬֮ԮģҲûְ˶ȥȾƳˣһȫ˵
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ӵ˶ɷˣٿѾſϯλϺ˯ʯĪȾ㣬Ǳ߲¶һóѵЦݡ
жѶԸʯǸıĴĪȾȻƻϧʵǲô˽֣
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Ҳ˳⣬صԼӪͷ˯Ի˿ֱ֪ЩɷĽʿŷ־дʱճһƬҽ
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׳һ˫۾˲ͺˣ˵ʲôҲĪȾʯѣ˺ȫӪѰʮӺĪȾ䣬Ӫڶʱ
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׳ʹĵرʬ״һȴҲֻģʯĪȾѵϢǡ
ͬʱʯĪȾͽɱǵĻᣬʹһѿǣ˱߳ǴӪֱ뱱Įء
㵽ҪɱǵÿĪȾĹͣбŸ룬Ȼ˽ػ͸ӵļ顣
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557 Ȧ

ʱǶ֪ϾСиҩĵ䲻ܽƣȴǱľټʱľƱƳˣԼָ
뿪ûʱǱҲӳ˴ʣѰֳľƶƵʿ֮ϵ˴֮˿ףְ˶ԽԽʵȻȥ
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558 Ϸ

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559 

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560 

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561 ȼ

ĪȾȤȱȱع˹֣͵ǲأûôµĻظȥˣδҼӣʵý
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ĸڰѵĻӲǱˣͨŻʮĻӣ̲ɳ߻ʮһӡ
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ò˵ҲĶλȴ򲻸ҸĿŵҪƹļƣ
ϳų¶˸ҲǸϽ˻վ
Ƕ죬Ҫ
ؽų¸ߺϼݵ
ϧĺ˲ûؽһ߽ʿһǽͷ𣺡ϼݵ
ȻٶûĹС
ŭһȺ
תЦõĻӣüǳǴ޿Щ۾ûκЮ֣
Ӵʧɫ
Ǹʣǲſô죿ѵɱ𣿡
ɫһԽԼ佣޵ıҿ˭Ҷһë
Ծɪɪ
ʣ⡭ܳ𣿡
ŭǿ޵ĻʶѵẦҹĽǵڣ˵Ҫı棬ôǰΧǣʱǲվΪԼ֤ףѵҪͬı棿
ӸϽر⣺ң
ı֮ģ
ϵͷ޵ȻǣûãǵͷЩŲųɣȥɣ޻óǽϵĽʿǵİΣ
ӱΣֻսսŻϵıȥĿ
ſһߣڰʮʿĻ³˳ţŴǰȥ
߻Ӹ߾ٻϵıŬŻӵǲߺĪҪ嶯ʥڴˣ
ҹĽӳǣһָ˵ûɣҪıô˻Ὣɱˣ
ʮɵ⡭һأ
ҹĽϻصλģôһŵ£ԲûϹȣ
ǺɱЩЮֻϵӣ
һȺֱȥ
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һӣ½ʿٶһȵس˳ȥȻͷ뷢ͷӪҲһ꽻֮
ҹĽҪǰ壬һ


562 ͬԧ

ѱ뽫סҹĽȻף־ȻЩǲĽ죬ĿⲻƵؿ
λǺ⣿
һϽ̧ͷһ۳ͷ
ͻıҵȽƾͼƣȵľһ̣ýһ򾡣
ҹĽʱ亹乣ţԼδ̤Ȩ۷壬Ȼƽȥ
ܺɱ죬תĿĹˣЩ󵹸꣬Ѿĺ·Ŵ󿪣ʳǽӭ˳ҲִսǴսϻЩ
ЩںͷӦĮİ֣ҲֻܽΪʤϣˡ
ϣҹĽ뵽߼λ㽫ϣҲˡ
ÿˣЩٰɴıͱ˺ͷ֮ѱǰ㡣
ûͲˣҵȴһߣһ·Ҫ֮͵Ŷĺ·
ҹĽǹԹ־ܰɣ
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ڽʿһѵ
½ʿصǣ
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ǮѿϳʱЦҹĽ벻ɣҶ˻ڻȪ·һͬԧ죿
ҹĽüرȥ
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ʱ߹ʱ׳ͽӵ˻ϵʥּӭԮ
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ս˿Ǹһ䣬ʵҹĽҰģɹγĸĻһȥ
ֽűĮǶʮ֮ɷѣĮҲʰˣò˵ϺʵǾ
߹شݣ˿ǵѷĳվɵȲͬУһطǣֻʵڵӣ
ǰ㵽ԤڣǶ޶̥ʮߵҩЧУĸв
Св֪ҩЧûڣǲѹģĻӤ޷棡
һô
Zе˼ǸЩƳҩֱ
ΣҲֻͬҩԣ̥һʮһ£ʵǷ˼ʮߵںڸо̥һ̲
ӵĹСȫָǵڶ̥õͦ˳֪Լ˸ŮֻԲ
ϧûһZиӼһصĴ
Z˵ĶѾѪҺΪһˣҪʵѣһʧ⣬ôСͳܲˣҪ⣬ҲõһЩ
ͷϲöʱѹź۵ؿСС
ⶾ᲻Σգ
ZҡͷҲұ֤ҪÿԵĶоõĽⶾҩ֮ǰԲܸκκжصĶѰҩ
ҲжƷ󣡡
Ͻͷãһȫ˶ע⣬ֻǲ֪Ҫ꣬ܽȥⶾ


563 Ե

ZѧղǲоõĽⶾǾ͵õԺ׳ʵЩſҩ
ͷųװ۵ŮϵһᱣģֵܣֻоҩҪĴۣһҪϵĶˡ
Z΢ЦοĪɩҲعģ»ᾡߣⶾ֮ǰݡ
Ծϲ̧СУ棿Ҫлֵˣ
ZСӤϸ۵ССŮ޾ȻЦͷ*⺢ԵοҲܣϽϵĶ¶вжΣԵƽǣ
мؿǰСС
ֵڣ֪ܲƽƽسܵõֵܵıʵ컯ֵܲŮɣ
Zһæ֣
ɲɣδɻ飬Ůʵ磬绹ǽգ
ҲǣZ˵ҽߣʵȴٵúݣҲʮ꣬һûףոŮȷãһպӲأ
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λڤ˼ãòһ
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СӸϽ̧۽ޣҡͷ᲻룿ҪʮܵܣҴһϰ飬׺ǣ
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ĪСɣһԿʱ϶ʱһȣɩզͬ˵Щ
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ĪСɣϽȥĪҪﵷң
СӲǱҹùøϳ⣬ͷ۰ͰͿӣ࿴һ
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ɩ治ܼھ㿴ǵã׬ǮӪӸң᲻𣿡
ϻصûʲô᲻ãһ㹻ҸõطһƬأοֻҪأǱܼ׬ǮƩɽѾƣЩӪ׬٣
ĪСɣЩ᣺һϣܺʹɩһ
εҲûа취̫з磬ҵĻϻʲôҲûбҪ˵Բԣ
ĪСɣԶԣʵԶڴɩߣֲ֪ʯǷҲԸȥӣ
֮뽫ô׬ǮⶼҲ׬ǮһɩպҪǮˣҲܰǡ
ˮĪȾڻˣظʱպøҴŮ¾ƣظǽһϲ
˿λ˸Ǿϲͨһ·۵糸ֱլȥ
ճ£ͲŴҽϻ̰ʵʵſŷŷ磬ߵԺУ㱻һӰŹ˻


564 Ҷ

һ̧ĳӲʡףϲʱͷ
๫ˣ
ĪȾ§ڻصӣΪˣˣӿɻã
̧ɳĥºԱôֲڵա
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ĳͷһϲӵΪ˸Ů
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ĪȾҲ̧Լͺ磺ܳ𣿡
ͷţϴ°ɳִֺ֣̫ѿˣ
ô˵ĳиϽɿˣΪȥʰɾĪҪΪѿģˣ
뿴Ҵȥˮϴһ֣һɳӳһѣҲ˧ˣ
Ī˫ϲţ˵ûλؿͣһ
ʱѾ˶գֻҵһȥȻ͵ȴس˿ʽ׹
һ·Ӵ£Ѱɽ룬˼£Ȼһ˰װأĿ˺ڷɽϻһֻﶼƬУ
ǺСӿؾĪȾ뷨
ɵ˺öطգǸоǴӸĺڷɽϻһʺӣ
شƫԶʽɽرȥˣٲЩ壬ȫõв
뿴һĪȾ㣬ܴпЩ˼֮顣
๫Ҳذװذɣ
ĪȾͷ˵еﲻشƫԶҲãǸʺϢĺõط
׻˵ҶΪҲ߱»ǼΪһЩҲûǲͰ˵ģǻذװȥɡ
ͷҵȻûǾô˵ˣʽ֮Ǳش壬ºڷɽϻɽͷɽֵСȥ
һ˳·㶼ĵŴҶʯҲƼִһδһ±ص˾ǡ
һӭ⣬ſĽʿһν
ǳ״˴ʤ̣˴ΣҲûפֱӷ㽫ɢŵ˸ͷЩҲ÷͵ķͣûؼҵĻؼңٹ޲ȸԾ
ϣҪΪʯĪȾ㡢׳Ĵ󹦳Ǿٰ칦磬칦ڹУԽԼ೯Ҫܵ룬һǰأ
ϾƹѲ˹ζ֮󣬻ϾȻվ
Ҵܻ˴ʤʯ塢ĪȾ׳ʵǹû̫ˣˣһҪǣѽʯ⣡
ʯ岻ҵϽ񣬱һּ޽ձʯΪ󽫾ͽһƽǧһ٣һ٣ͻ̫֮Ů飡
ʯҪл͵̧ͷϣ򲻿ɣ
϶ʱô㲻⣿
ʯ忪磬Ǳ̫վǰͨһ¹ڵء
ϣջسϳŮԲܼˣִȣϳֻһͷײˣ
һ*ǰ̫
̫γ԰ʯȴ󹦣ѵϻ䲻Ů𣿡
̫߶ҡͷϳңֻϳŮʵ޷ʯ󽫾ͽƥ䣡Ͽϳıϣһ·ɡ
ȻԶԣ̫˼ȻǵŮ޸ʯŰ
˰ˣȻ᲻Ůޱ룬ʯһŻ°ɡ
̫Ҫߵͷʥ
ϸϽ˷סԱ̽˷ϯȥ
ʯ循һ亹ĵգÿǰ̫ﲻᣬտɾͲˣ
ϻɨһֵۣ֪Ը⽫ĸŮʯ
ͨϯվ˳СܵǰлǼСŮдңʮԸ⣡
ϵͷãǾʹʯ롭
ʯߺĩѾδˣʵȢԵŮΪޣϳȫȫ
ǻִҪĩȢԵŮӣĩֻĩ׹
ϣ
󵨣㵱޷Ĵ󽫾˵Ǳܴǵʯ壬Ǹ׹ޱּһӶɻ飡
ʯߵͷϣּĩһӶɻ飬ĩҲԼ֮ˣϳȫ
⻰ʵǰѻϸòᣬָ̧βοڣúúãȻǳ֮»ޱȫһΣգ
ʯϲлȴѾߺתͷȥĿɨĪȾ㡭
ĳжʱֲԤУ


565 

Ȼ飬ֱ̧
ĪȾǶıڱĮս˾Եã޶ǺӦʵοʵҴţ
ԣҪƸΪԺѧʿ޵ı߹Ϊޣ
ĪȾ㵱𣬹ֵϴˡ޷ּޣȢˣǻϵİŮ£֪䣬ջس
ϲõؿһһջسΪ޵ּ˵վյҪ֪ϷԣĪȾ㣬޲ƴǣ
ĳȴػصǻϵ治ջسǲֻּܿˣҪɱҪϤ㣡Ȣ߹ܣ
ϴŭĪȾ㣬ҹȻּΪ᲻ɱ𣿣
ԽƲϽ֣ϢŭĪֻأӭȢ˲ãʺβȿһĪֵķˣû׼ԸüĪҲ˵
ϻһۣ˵޵߹ǵճ谮Ů̫˵ŮĪҪĪȾΪɻ֮ð빫ȥ
ԽԶԣҲ˲׹λʸͲҪͻĳУҪ
ĪȾ˻ϵĻȴǲŲæ򵽵ϡ
ҪֻñǣֺαֶΣ
ŭ޺ʱ˵Ҫ
ĪȾЦû˵ɻԲȢִҪּΪ˱ƲּΥʥּǲɱ񣬱㲻ּ
⻰˵þ࣬ϱزԤıЦĪȾ㣬ȻǸţ޲ţ㵱治𣿡
ĳҡͷȻҲлнӣҲԲϣʲӴٲ£ֻԼСӣ
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ĪȾ㳤̾һǾǻִҪˣ
ԽʯǰһŻϿ
ʣĪҪΪĪˣɣ
ǰϣδĪûпּ֮ģֻĪɩƽƽعӣ
ֹ̧Ǽ˵ȥѾĪȾֻѡҪôޣ۰Ĺɻ飬޵Ҫôֻּܿҿôʰ㣡
ĪȾϻصȢ߹ҪɱҪϤ㣡
ϯ˾ԻȻ벻һȻִ
ŭˣʶôĶȥ
Խʯ弱˼
ϧϸǣֵĪȾ㣬ޱʱ俼ǵʱִΥ޵ּ⣬Ǿݹݲˣ
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Խʯ˱ߣϻͷָֻЦݣĿתŭԵĸ׳
׳⣬޷Ϊͳ죬Ӽͳһƹܻʳǵʮͻƽǧͻ̲ɳ֮Ů
׳㶣ʵ벻ԼȻҲᱻϴͻ飿
ϼûӦüôҲ㿹ּ𣿡
׳һϽлĩңĩлʥ
һǼף
ĪȾ㱻ѺʯĻ˼Ծƣ飬ȴһԵԽְ̧ס
ĪҪ嶯顣
ʯҲֻ̲һֱȵ칦ɢˣԽһǰȥ鷿˽顣
ʯֱӹ򵽵ϣϿϣϣĩĪ޶ģͷһɣ
ԽҲʣҲĪȾԴûзģĪҪִһʶͷһ·ɣ
б鰸ͷֽӹ̵ϵѾƲ裬˫۲ӡ
޾ͲˣΪοڿҪ޷Ź޷ѡѵȢ޵ĹִȰ޵ȥȰ
ʯ֪ĪĪɩĸ겻壬Ҳ𲻿ģִȢΪޣҪĪɩȥδӣ
ĪԲĪɩΪģҲϴӦּȢΪޣ
ֻ̾ΪһŮӣȻ࿹ѲУλвһСˣ
Խɫصʣĵλ׹Īֶ԰׹жӣ׻˵һһ׮飬븸ʿĪҪٿĪˣ
һۣ޻ѵѵ˵Ļˣ


566 Ϊ

ԽϻϵĿ⣬֣ػصûʵĽ̻壡ֻǣĪȾ㵱桭
ϰִĻ޲ΪĪҪ˵ˣ޷ˣǴּ⣬ٰ޵ҪôŮӣֵĪȾִţ
Խʯͷһ޲ǰаΣ
ʣ׹ֻһѰŮӣĪ벻Ϊһ̫ͬ꣬ǰ׹ôڲͬ
ʯҲɩΪĪҪΪ
ϺǺЦ˵ҪΪǽŵģ޶ŮӸȤˣĪҪ˵ˣսޱǣб˵޲ĪȾͻ飬ޱȫǣ
ԽʯҲֻùָˣϿʱֽԽסԽһ޻м仰Ҫ㡣
ʯֻԼ˳⣬Խصϰǰ
֪ʻкҪ˵
ζһۣ޿ʵǰ룬βɱĪȾ㣬ٽʹ㡣
Խæ֣򲻿ˣ׹֪ɱĪȾֻΪʹң޶һӵģ
ޣҲԲǿҵ
ʣΪ룬ǱĪȾɣţǷ޶˾ԲͶ֮£
̾˿㵹ĸһˣ޼ŮӣǷҲĸһǸֵ۰Ůӣ
ԽǧĪҪΪ׹ЩңĪһ㣬鲻Ϊȫ
ϺǺЦ˵ЩĸȴԼ㣬ļҲִţڡ
û˵ȥЦҲʹȡˣ˵ˣذɣˡ
ԽԼ˸е⣬֪廳Լĸͷһ*ʺЪϢˣ
ʯԽһ˹ţһǰĪ
뻹ǰĪȾΪģ֪ܲܳɹûӦʣǻȥ
ʯԽһظʵһ֮ûƵĪȾʶ鲻
ҹãʲôõϢҪ񸾣
Խ˿׵ɫΰοĪҪţǰֻǴʿҪսʥ
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ɫվӦɱ𣿡
ʯѹص˵ͷš´ȰһȰȥϣһҪú˵ǧĪҪټŭ˻ϡ
Цһŭϣĸң·ˣڴ˶лĺ⣬սһúͬ˵
ԽҡͷǵЩǵ嶯ǧĪҪӲӲֲõġ
Ҳ֪Ҫίȫǲܵģֻ飬Ϊ
˲Խ˼
˵ȴӦϵҪȥȰ๫ͬͻ֮£Ȼ㣿
Խͷ׹Ȼһ͸Ǵ⣬½Ҫ֮ǽĪԴηŪȻ跨ӳʳǣᾡȫǵġ
ЩȻ㡭Ŀϰǣ
ԽδڣĳСͷӴⷭ˽ڵŮ㻹֪СΪҸƴڲ㣿
ԽԼԼһɳ¡
ԭүͬ˵ЩţɺZҲô˵ʱ룬Խû׼ǲҹĽȢɳԲƻûôأ
ڣѲ˺ģǿ̫ΰˣ
ԽǱ̽񿴵һΡ
׹ǲţֻҿǣʹ˸ǣ
ʯæͳȥҲǵӰֱʯ彫źŻͷϰ׺СͷЦеĿ⡣
үӵѾͷʵСõģ˵ǲǣ
ͷһۣ๫ֶӿڹˣϾͲ˵æ˸Ҫȥ
Сͷʱһҭ
ǸĹƶˣϷɲ˵ˣηȫǻأͷرأҲףԣϷûС˵öԣѾͷΪô󶯸ɸ꣡
һһģԼһðֺֺЦĳбЦ
Ǳ˵ˣҽƭϿɵúǺһӳʳǣ


567 ⿪֮

ڶһ磬ʯԻͽ˻ʹֱȵ糯֮󣬲鷿
Ѿһӵĸ壬׼һ˳ܵıݣŽ鷿˹ݴ񣬻Ͼסˡ
ĳŮֻٰһΣ񸾰ߵϣ
ѹҴվ𣬾Ҫǰ
񣡿޺ơ
һߣæظڻַ֮ǰ㿪ŲĻϣ
ϣ֪빬кּ⣿
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