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½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ


崩֮ϲˡ
ߣС

1. үǱү

İϾˣĶʰ?
Ӵƿ߽һʮҵŮˣɫë˫аͷϼ򵥵ĲŴ黨.
֪ⷢŮݲ͡
ŮӱǰùãǰùãһùãһŮ.
ǵģƹùã鷳ùȥūϾ
ػһվڴߵСʮӣɫĶԽаССĶ쵰ĲǺƯ㣬°ϻеӤʡ
ҲһԽӺ󹬣ĶСŮ
ഩԽһˣ˽ʱաȻǺ˽峯ʷԼ֪ʷУĶӦ尢ʱȴİ硣˵ʱѾˡ
Ƶͷ.
ҲżҴȥʲôҪҰæ
ƴſߵߣǰС빬һֱֵ£Сɰܶ࣬Ǵ˵Ƿǣ˵˵˵һ䲻ᡣԹϲࡣ
İѡѾͷȥҲӲİ磬ֻѡ˼СѾͷİԼѡȴİҲѡСѾͷ
࣬ԺȥİģҪúźİ磬ȻڹȥǸźµѾͷûݣλݵʱ򣬲ū⹬ĥһӡ
ū֪ллùá
Ҳ֪İʲô۹⣬üŮģһһƯȴƫƫѡͨࡣ
Ǹడ밲ȹŮʮ꣬ųȥأ˱ϹİѡѾͷ
ùãūʰˣ͸.
ٵĴӹﱧһСССӿһĻҪ߿϶Ҫһߡ
ùã˵İôġⱸѡŮǸûūƯôѡūأҲ֪İôġ
ôҲ벻ͨİôġԹڡ
ϣҵĹѽӵôҲϹµģɲܱԹ
Ʊǰһ㣬ʻæعࡣ
סС죬ôˣǹŴūţûȨ.
ԹĿӰȨϵʱССıԹӣȱС
⻰
С˵ܺʷԱȣԼԶʷϲ硣

2. Ҫȥ

ùã֪ˣūžһʱ죬Ժһס
?ǰԭǴ˹ϲĲˣŵԽ
ִǿַſڵġǸΣְĳŸ߹ܣ˰ġ
ҪԼ£Ҫźˣ붼ġҲҿ˵Ѷͷ˾ˣҲɡĴһˡ
?Լ˼Ѿִˡûаְ裬ֻܿԼˣȥİĲǻ˸˾һġ
߽תҲ
밲Ｊ飬İ밲İ缪顱
߽ŰϵĻŮӺŮԱߵĿӸ
ɣǰ
Ů˵ȻǸѹȣǳӸλġ
ǰһС˼ҹ㵽ǰȥ̧㣬㲻ɵܵ˹ǰǾǲʶ̧ˡ
࣬Ȼİѡ㣬Ҫźİ磬Լı֡
Ҳ֪Ҫؼ¡
лİ̧źİūŵĸҲġ
Ҫ˵¹£մԽȷʵϰ߶͹򣬿ǲҪԴ໹ġװɣסСҪ
ʵȥҪһҽڻϲˣʱҪ̫ӣ±ġ
ථ¾ͺãûˣǾͻذɡڰֽǻȥ.
ˣע壬Ӿˡ
һֱ䵱ǽİ翪ˣ˵߳ȥˣûࡣ
ϽС.
ūŸˡ
š
˳޵תȥ׷İ.
˭˼ӵģûɵūş̌СȺ.
ٿţİͣˣûͷ׷˭˼дء
ǲ·ĺ׷һͷİĺ󱳡
ūŸūŲǹײġ
ڵϡԼоԼԽԽūˣһӵִūţʱҪʱĹ
һ겻֪̫Ѿ߱ɱΪһЩС£Ȩĺô
ɣԺСĵ㡱
İ絭ģСԼѡģҪºЩ
߰ɡ
ĬĬ߻˰ǲ˵İǲ֪˵ʲôָһһū

3.

صһС̫ԶԶĺſ.
үˣūѾҪĶǰԺˡ
С̫İ߽۾̲ס࣬λԺҪźүġ
㰲¡?ʲô
ǰһǸС̫˵ģġ
үūࡱ
˰ƺҪˡǰİ磬ھҪүˡ֣˼үƺʵ.
㣬С
үһЦˣ˭ȡôŵ֡
ԭҲ࣬Тĸϡ滹һʮ˫̥ܵƷƺһա
Ǹˣһӵīˮȴûõĵطչ˵ܵãĶȫļױ
˵ТϿ·Ͼһӡ߸һʮŮӡŮϣһؾǡ
Тº˽һʱͰŮϼ޸Т.
˲úͳˡºϻˣð겡
ǰСʱȥӻںݵСŮ
ΪУ¾һֱƺ꺢Ӻ󣬾ͺͷȥݽ˵Ѿޣ»뿪ˣ֪ȥ
֪󻹸оͶһͦѪġ
ȥСۣȿȣһõס
үʵЦģ̲סЦ
үǾǵĺܰ԰
ϣүЦǶλˣŸõ԰Ҳ
Ǹ԰ӵģС԰ʱȥ԰ӡ
үÿԡСҼҵľҪߡ
ϣȥʲôҪģүȻǰԺүȥ㡱
ڸû֮ǰֻܴСǰԺ˽긣š
ү
үߣū֪ˡ
ʾɬĵľˣҪĵġ
ȵ֪ʲôдġ⻰˵
ԱߵС̫֣С̫ǰ񹫹½ūȥСūǾӶΡ
Сӣȥܰ԰
С£ǲȥġ
鷳ˡ
ͷҪжԡǬ幬ûеó֮ǰҪ͵Ҫۡ
СӺת˹յߵһԺӣ߽ɫСţԺӲСŴǸһƽС̳Ժû

4.ū

ѡǶ죬á
СӿұߣͳԿ׿ţλӵ˼ҪҲˡ
ӺãүԺûأǵһλҲԺĵһλӣ
Ŀǰһλӣס¡
ȽȥϢźūҲˣūҾͲˣǰԺүūŻػء
СӶλĸоꡣŮ˰ĺԺе۾ȥˡ
ūҲûʲôõĶȥˮ
ԼСͣͳһɫ÷ĺɰݸСӡжӣǹﲻĵĹءõЩūŵľҪ͡
һҲûԼӻиĴͣвټҵҪĶļȥһ룬Լʣ˶ˣҲʮ
СǰԺ̫࣬ҪĺãǰԺūſǲܵǶүūţҩѹˡԶЩū˵ҪҪ󷽡
Сӵߵĺɰ˵ٵģǰλɲǮܸҲǲˡ
Сӣ߽ҲͷȻ󣬵һſ̫ʦκһ߸ߵķұ޷һСԲͼԲľʣҺмñɳ廹ǲġ
ߵ̫ʦ£߽һѾߺ̫ࡣ
˽¿ͷ
ūﰲ
ûҲһֱſͷơ
ػԼԼɡ
ϾԼǸͨѾͷҲūţݹһźġС̫Ժǰİɡ
عﻰūŴ񸮷ֹźġ
վվһߡ
ֲҡҡͷҸȡģ
νҲһָȡģЩūŸӵĻỻ֡
ţ룬ĿǰȱˣҪȡ֣вơ
￩һ£ﲻԼȡнɡ
ͽҪֵǮء
лãʲôн
ūС¹ӡ
С¹ӣԣֲͲˡС¹ӻ
ˣˣǹҲ˽ҵүͨѾͷ˽϶һ檵λܲˡ
ЩҪǰ˵ɲҪġ

5.ٿ1

Ȳ˵ҵòó裬óȻԴҶãóˣҲϣҵķвʵģһ֣һүǻ񸮡
ȻԺпΣ£Ҫǰɱ
ģūһź򣬲жġ
һףҪˣҲԸźù
ҲǸսãûнӴˡ
ˣǶʰ£ȥϢᡱ
ȷʵˣ첻ʰңȻ࣬˺öطһֱĵġ
ߵߣźѵаڴϢ
ٿ-
ӣūſѾͷİҲ֪֪.Ҳɣ
վڹϣ˫ֵС.һֱϲӣϲ.ūŵⱻﲻʹ.Цǲĵ.
ǵģҲϲѾͷ䲻֪.ҪѾͷҽڻϲأϴ⣬ߣҲĵ㡰
֪ҽ»մһҵʱ.෢ĴԽӺ䣬εģĴԽ.ϹúõľʹأȻ˾ֻӦĩȹŮÿɨɨأˮ.¾ͳˮ.
죬޵˵ҪͰˮ¾ϣˮˮܺòգڱϴ.һᣬһɵζƮһ¾ˣζеϤǵдκȥ̳Ҫˮȥר񿴿൱ʱŵƮζ.ζ̫.
ʱ˵㣬ŮӻˮŮԳʱûᵼûлеŮԻ.ֻŮԣõⲻ.
ڹŴŮǲܳʱõģǹǣԵĺãֲ˶϶ִŮԣԹŴŮ˴󲿷ֻʮͻ;ƿ.
ڹϴˮУҪģʱˮҩԻУʹŮУҪ.
ˣǲ˵Ժ϶Ҫȱģ໹ǺںǱ˰.Ҫ˵ɣΪʲôڲ˵ǰɶǰˮأಡʱǱѾͷյ.
Ȩ໹Ǿȥ˵ƹùãѴ˵.һæȥ.

6.ٿ2---λִ

ƽҲþͳнȥ.
࣬԰˵.ưվڹϣ»˵.
һҹһڵϣߵйݴҲŵư˵һ.ŭ.˴̫ҽ˵˷纮.
̫ҽٿϴˮҪ.ҲеˣˮǼӽ.ŵͷĸ.Ҫһϣ챣.
̫ҽ벻һ»̫أȵҩкк;ͺ.
һ¾ͷŶˣǾͲǰģƹùõĽͣһһֱ£ŵһһ¾Ʋ.
ץǰʱµĹŮģһжǻʺָʾùŮͼ˵ҪЮŮйԾˣ޶֤Ҳû취ǻʺֻܳưͿ.
ºͱźĶȹŮ.
-----Ƿָ-----
һܳΣμԼһִһڹŴִаְ飬Сȥ԰ȥԲȥѧУ.һһ׮׮Ӱһ.
ڹŴ۰ԼİиԼĵܵ.⣬Լ͵ܵã˵ǲϲԣҪǶԵ.еܵǻԼ˵'㣬ǳȢ㣬ȻõĶǼĽ'˺óԵĺģԼ.
------ְ--------ְ֡
ѡ߽ΪѾأӿͷ󺹣ͣҡͷ.¸æֽѣج.
---ôˣʲôʱ.Դεְ.
ʱһ̣ڸ.ǰԺմʱү׼šһźഩһ߸ഫ.
õģ֪ˣȥС¹ȥŷţٻױ.ȥԼھ棬ױǰǰģͭٴոյξ.
ִزȥˣҲְ֪ˣԼӲҪȥɽɽ£괩Ŵ.ֻϣְַԼҪ̫ģҪԼ.Լû취Т.
ȻŮ壬һչ˺ñ˰꣬еܵ.
ڵүŮ.ү˭ǰ¾.ǧһǬ¡ʵ۰.Ȼûк.
Ҫõүĳ谮֤ǣȻ󾡿컳УðԺʧҲûϵ.үǻкӵŮҲǸλһλ.ʱң.
ĺܺãʵ.Ͱү.Ժʲ?һҽǻɵ£⻹ǰӲ֪ʶ˵Ůܻõ.񲻾õ.
󣬸ͷмһֻɫĵ䷢ΣͬɫĵգζɷǺÿ.Ǹýģ˵˯ڼ䣬ģϺúźүҲùȥл.
ȥлҲãֵ.
ִʱ򣬿幬ͺϲķĺ·лףرĽЩ.ʱȥӰ¥˺öд棬˺ö·Ҵȥ.ں˿촩·ЩܴģɫӵģĵͼĵȵȣЩãЩõģ˾Խ.ȼɭϵĹŴҪµ.
ūﰲѾڲˣȥŰɣ
ױͼС¹վſڣ.
߰ɣȥţһүǿɾû.
߿ϵķˣһ磬檵ĹģƬźµģʱܳԵµľͲ.Ŵһٷʱһٴžǰ˾ŵӵӣһĵҲʱ.ʱеĿԳ.

7

ţźȲ裬ڹŴþÿȺȲ裬廨ʱ.
үˣ׼.С¹վſ.
õģ֪ˣ.µظߵű߾Ų¹.
ūŸү밲ү飬
ɣź
߹ȥվүϣӹĲˮݸү.
үȲ裬ūҲûкò裬үȺȿһ㶼£ϱί˵΢ûкöӦõ.
ү˿ǲôúȣǰԺĲԶ.СȷʵûкöСǿͰ͵϶ûȹò.
ȥѻʰǰʱʹ͵ľɽү͸ϣҲ.
תȥԸλҪĳһʱˣûأүʹͶˣǺöүͳͲż.λҪź.
лүʹ͡
׷ξûйݴ.
ţźү°ɡү.
Ҳû˵.
ϾүǵһΣеС.
ȥүȥվڴߣ˫ſ.Сź£þû.΢е㲻ͷת׼ǳ.
ͿԼССվԶֻСֽŵĽ.
ȻǸִˣ˼Ҷûн.ֱһЩɬ.
үССôôϲ.
ʱԼѡˣŮĶոµ·ŵױһ˴Ű²ɵ·ֻͿ˵Ŀ֬˸ɾ.ԾҪ
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º
үӴˣҪźү.
Ϣү㡰үĵİѴ᣷²ź
ˣ£
Ŵƿ߽ŮӣǰԺѾͷ˪.
үȥԺѾͷţԷ.
үߺ߽
ˣҪԪ
ţȥ裬ܵģЩֽá
ǹأÿŮ˵һζרŵּԪǿûѪǲǴŮ.
ݺ裬ڴߣڸͷ.
ǰԺСӹˡ
С¹վſڣվС.
ɡ
ūżﰲүʹ͵ģ˰ɡ
С϶һں֭
ʱҲ֪ʲô
үǴڸû֮ǰ˻УԲŴ±
ǣūŶùء˵˹ҩͷ¡ݸСӣͷ
СӵһӲߣǷֹ˵ȥȫ³
ҲûڻУ¸ţڸ֮ǰоУǵҽ֪ʶ֤һĺûġ
ˣ඼ˣȥɣˣʲô˵
үһ˶ȷʵ˵Ľ˯˵
ǰԺ
үүˣʱˣȥ鷿ѧϰˡվڴе
ʱˣ֪ˣźɡүӴ߽ŮǰɫõĹŮͷүѾͷݺθСŮϷֱˮ裬޽ˮ̵ۣ·֮С
ˮźүں󣬺ݺմʪ޽ү档Щүվǰ˫ƽ졣
·СŮǰӢӹ·үϡ
ɫӵķι̫ʵǾԻʵ۳ƾ֮
ү룬Ӣһүϣ¸ԵһȺСŮȻ˿үԽķˡ
ү߱Ը
ȥⷿЩõĶپͰչˡϣүûǳ޺Ҫʹ£ūŵĵǼǵãʣҲ˵
ҼǵǰʱһΣţĿЩõĸȥСͷϾΣǿү͵θС檣С檱׼ˡ
ҪóˣοɲһܴģǰղรĹģүȫû뵽ܴȥֻ뵽ٰչؾˡүˣūŵС
ūȥүԼСͽһȥⷿ
֣ȥǰʱùʦƥϡһȥ
һʮС̫࣬ģǣʦλԺǷҪĳ衱
Ժ̫ԶˣĿǰҪóඣҪүܰײร͸λʱ侯ѵɡ
ǣʦͽ֪ôˡֶһĺù
߰ɣȳȥȥܰ԰λûء
------
ܰ԰
ģԼʱƢãڹһÿ춼Ҫ𴲣ԾˡѾͻ˫۽գ鲻䣬ĬĬ˵ǹŮӾͺˡ
ǰһڴϱ۾檣ūţܷ𡯡
Աߵеŵվڴߣսй𴲣˺üﶼûӦ׼ٴأ˭֪ȻһȻҲ˵۾Ҳֱֱڴϡ
Źˣ϶˯أǹγг裬ǰԺʹͣʹˣҪǻûǾūŵĲˡ
ˣôͽҡ
໺ѹĵ׵ķꡣǰŮʱҪźӣҲڸûأҪǽ쳿趨ʡȥŮء
Ҫ谡үĳ谮ү˼ƷſҲ¡ҪӾ͵谡
γг裬չأүǻʹͣĺүʹ͡ΡΡģӸǶŵˣҲ˵ϻֱ˵ԭ
ţ֪ˣ
࿴ίС֪Լոŵˣĸ˯ˣֱͦͦţ֧ġ
ǲǸŵˣ˰ãиСëԼ˯Ѿû£һѾͻ͸ղһ㲻õģһͺˣ˵Ժдڽ𴲣ţ֪
ʵȫú͵ģԺ٣ǰ֪ʡԺսսġԼвǾͲˡ
ǣū֪ˣūźϴɡ
ˣ˵˲صľͳɣԼźӾͳɡ
ӽ촩۷ɫ޷ްɺáСҪ۵ɫ
ʵֻ·һ촩ģ۷ɫźɫһףʽһģɫһ֮ǰʹ͵ģҪֻܴŮ·ˡ
ͷ򵥵㣬޻ͳɣѡǶС«С׹ɡ಻ƯƯģֻɬûмΡ
ʰˣԹţˡ
æ΢΢æܿ
ϣʹð
⻰
--------
һ½ºϲµġ

8ʹ

ʵҲģүǰˣǸ檣ǾǸʲôԺ˹
ĿǰҪҪã˰ܿڣ۹ҪԶүĶ̫˼ǰǸŮأ˼ʲôô
Ҳ֪ģ㿴ʹ͵񣬾Ҫóһʱ䣬Ҫʱ仳УվȽŲ
½ţѾʮһˣ£ü
ܰ԰סĿɺãʲôҪūţΥصģūŻᾡá
һжܺˡ˵ʲôϿ
үʲôԸ໹ҪµģСȴǸ졣
ūԴⲻүʹ͹ЩūŰѶѶø֡
ǰ΢΢£˫и֮æ˫ֽºһ
лүʹ͡ͳһɰݸ
񹫹鷳ˣźȿȲ衱֪ʹͺͰѺɰˣֻӣ֪ģΪǰԺС̫أԾֻװʱҲˣϾеˡ
ϣūŵ°ˣȻǰԺˣүһѧˣūŻҪȥźšzˡ
ͷߺصŴүʹͣƥɫĲƥһľӣƥһߣ򿪺ӣͱˣһ׵ΣͷΣһֻ಻֪ʲôȷʵܺÿͬ
ϲĿȥǰͺϲЩԼˣɲϾԡ
βͶסˣ漴ˣް
ôˣÿôͲءջܿģһ´ξҪˣתҲ̫ˡ
˵үǲǶأξͲһССܹģһӦǲรģҲܴġɣǣôÿĶֻʱղء
ŷӳٿһȷʵǹܴġĿɨӡ
ԵģûлʲôûУͲصˡ
Ӵϣеܡ
Ѷɣƥʽ·
ǣūϻ񴩣ԽԽˣԺŲᶳġ

9

ϣ˵Ҳǿﶼûж˵ġ
ˣԼĺҼҺá
ˡϲͳɡ
ʦͽ߳ܰ԰ϵĺɰˣֽסߵڵ
ôСֻʦǰԺĴһ㶼࣬ʦλŸ
Сӱģûɫ𣬹Ҳǰ׼˺ɰ֪ģеΡʦҽ̽㣬Ժ¶࿴ǵɫ룬ӣŰɣﻹͦµģԺʧˣҲ̫ѹ
λǰ׼Ҳ֪Ǹб£۵ġ
ϣͽܽˣԺѧŵʦֺٺһЦ
----Ƿָ----
˵үߣһѧ˵šǻʺߵĹ֡
ūŸİ밲İ缪顱һʮŮӣûƯ
֣ҿǻʶ·Ըү֣ʺͶһֱ̣ԼҲûʺϲȻԼǰԼǾඡ
İ磬ģиֶŮӣ񣬱λ񡱹˵꣬ӣǰ
Ůӣİ밲İ缪顱
ɣʲô˼ү㲻ˣʺֶŮ
İĪģӣѡǲأԲûвμѡ㣬񲡺ˣҲˣǸǴ󰢸ģ󰢸Žλ񣬣ˣֻһλ檣˻ϣӣʥּѾˡⲻūžͰѸˡ
лʰ꣬лʶûҾˣתʶӸллʶ
үˣʺʲô˼ӲҪľҪˣԼʲô˰ԽߵԽ죬ȫܺӣ
ӣҲùúõһŮȥģԼ޷İɫҲ֪ԼԺ󲻻жٳ谮ġ
үصǬ幬̫ѾǰԺˡ
μİ磬İ缪顱С̫࿴ү߽ǰԺϵϥ񡣲İ˵Լվ
İʥּּɡ
ּү˫ϥأȻѾ֪ʥּݣϣʰ겻ҪʶģѴ粻ҪŮ˴͸Լ
С̫ɫʥּһİ㿪ʼʥּ
Ƕ֮Ů죬근ʮ塣֮ýϣ근ʮ壬İΪ񣬼ս

10

ּ͹ȥİ绹Щʧ⣬ʰأͬǻӣ󰢸ǵӾͰٰ۰ЩӾֻˡ
ʱүڷ
үλѾˡλŮӣһλǺүһϡ
ү밲ү飬˹ߵݴ
ɣԺŹأǰŸסҲˣϢᡣүڰ߻ҡ
λ飬ס԰סȥϢ
˲Ҷԣū߳ȥ
ӣλѾźססԺм԰סϽǵĺ󡣡߽үδ˵ʲô㲻ٶ˵
յʹͿɻˡͻȻүûͷûԵһ䣬񶼱˵ˣү˵ʲôأôءΪһϸ̫࣬Ҫӵ˼
ٵһ㣬ʹˡǾֻкܰ԰ˡ
үյʹͿɿģūллүʹͣūŲٵءүģǻүģ˳һá
⹷ūţģζûһģ㻹ôҪˡү̲סüСԼûӣأǴĿԣԼá
ϣūˣⲻū͸ͻȥ˵꣬ģҪ߳ȥ㱻үͣˣ
ȥûӵģߣүһȥ˵߳ȥٸϡ룬ȥˣһȥǸˣȥȥɶԼҽء
ӶĹУûʱأС¹ȥĵģһĵġү˵
ӭӡūŸү밲ү顱ǹݴ
ɣԺд˴
ǣүū֪ˡվүϡ
Ҫţү˵˵˲һͬĻһ£ûȫף漴ӳүӦʹ͵Ķ߲ء
үĻūźϲ˵ǼƥҪūأūҲϲūŴźÿ˵꣬¶ܷϸ
үһȷƯ̵ӳĵϸ۰ףƯˡһС۰׵ļĻȣеԳʱص㶼ԣֻѹȥ
үƲ۾ط

11ʹ

ͷСֻζûд
㲻˵ϲôûأ
ūϲֻ᲻óٲСˤˣūſɾҪˡѵҪ˵ǲϹأǲรģһСС檿ɲԽ
үʱˣԼСǿûжٺõĶүʹͼζ᲻ãඣ
ԼС£ԼС檾͸ӾС檿ˣ۹⿴һƤֱð飬ӣ̲סڵ
үūŸ
үǺµСˣԼССġԺҪС檵ö
ȥⷿүЩӣһ׵ͷãͷԼš
үͷƹҲ᲻ôģȷڿⷿģȹҪˣ٣һԺӣūſŹʺϴʵڲˣͷλҲҴȥ
л˸㣬񹫹ģ׵ͷ϶ÿǲܴء
үƼСΪСϲأСƤ𪣬ͷںҲÿȥˡ
ͬʱԺС檺ΡҲԺÿνӵүʹͶʯģǺǸţ氡ĵڲѾǺˡ
үֺԼС˵˵ĲѾͳͳʧˡ

үֵ࣬
쵽ӸˣεŶӣͷҵط죬ȥˣö˵˵
ˣǱŰɣүšߵС̫Ӧȥŷš
----Ƿָ----
˵ǰԺ·ܰ԰ſţϱߴ·Ĺ
סλ㰡ԺλúܺãǰԺҲһס˶ģ
ؽסġ
ϲٶ˵ԭǸ檣һסôõԺӣԺҪע㡣
㣬λϾҶȽҪȥɡ˵
һ檶ѣҪȥȥɣҾͲȥˡ֪ԺƵóѣ㲻ȥΪˣúùӾС
˵ǣԽˡҲգСٳסԺôء
һ·޻

12вҲ

԰ˣȥЪŰɡС̫˴һСԺǰ
лҡһ¹ŮǰһɰС
ӵһ⣬䣬ȥȵȲ裬
ūл񣬾ͲϢˡ˵ǰߡ
ͼ˽ԺӺסݡ
ʹԼѾͷңӡǰԺС̫ѾͷĸѾͷūܹʮ
ϷԸȥԼͷңӽݡ
˵˵Ͽڽ˿ʵ
ūžӦòΪ壬ҲһЩ£үǱҲˡ˽˵˴£һ㶼ġ
λĹŮү檣Ժ˵𿴷Ҳ˵ÿ¶ҲǸļƵġ
ţɣү׼š˵ϾͱĿ˳ȥ
----Ƿָ----
ͱүҪţȷʵܳļ
ʳྻֺ͸үˣźүţԼĶӹеġ
ˣ԰ɣôūأźС檿ʳ۾벻ˡһ԰ɡ
ллүүˡҲ飬ϵĹԼһ鿴үʲôȻȥʲôүûӵģҲҶ
үе㲻ڣûŮǰأ˸о
˳ϺȲʳۿҪˣ඼ΪүҪأүҪˡ
첻ˣүҪˣϢү㡱˵ˣ
үʵǲߵģǽ½Ҫȥһҹ·
ƣʱˣүء
ϴλ񣬽񡱹ﻹ֪أԼҪ£˽¡
һ񣬰ϣδĴﰡλԺҪĸأǱǬ¡̧Ϊϵλʹϸأλκ֮ʺֶŮأΪǬ¡۵󸻲ʺȥΪǬ¡۵ļ̺
ô֪ô⻹ǰ幬ˣֹڣһģʱڳЦŮǱأôԵļıûпļ٣޲ûԼȥͺ󹬵Ƕһء
ڳˣǾͿһʱŮԶùһȺϹŰ
ţ֪ˣû֮ǰҲ˼棬ԼС¹Ӻú¾У
νвҲĿǰҪľǻУʱϾ͵ˣǸʱ׻С

13

ȥ԰ɡүӺܰ԰󣬻Ǿȥǣ棬ַŶʱ˵
԰֪ͨүһһֱڵţӭӡ
ү밲ү顱ǲйݴģҲȥ
ɣź¡үȫйµģֱӽ⡣
ϴ󣬷ҷ´˳ȥվſڵȺԷҪ
ɫ죬ǵһΣô᲻أڸרŵ̵ֽ¡
үȴȻζϾСǶղܵģֻС̫ˡ
Ͼֱͦͦţһ㶼ûȤ
үֻһξͽˮˣæźүߺϲ̱ڴߣѹϾǵһΣŮ˶ϣԷԶԼĵ㣬룬˲һ𣬻Ҫòſ԰
үߺ󲻾ãǰԺСӾͶűȥ԰
һ˵ǰԺˣ֪ĿǰǲúԺ˻ˡ˽
񰲣ūŷͱɡС˫ƽڽǰ
ҲŤ󣬶һ꣬СӡҶȱãͲˡ
СӹһӲŻȥ
үǲӰʹ˱
ĪԺеʱ䣬ĿǰҪó衣źϴá
˵ҲǣˣϢȥɡ
ڶ죬ҲһʹͣȫǸĹʹ͵ģүūŰذ¡
Ϸ
ģүȥ԰ôͻǺģĪҪүƼˡСѾͷ̴ż˵¸ţǼ⡣
ûµģίǸܳĸˡ֪үҲһ
ūŲί۸ūŵӡһСѾͷ̺˵
ΪǣҲҪ㡱ʵǸӺܺõˣӲūŵġҲµġ
үæʰҪѧʣֵǶŬԼҲ£ǰԺ飬춼ȥԺԺλ⼸ҲʵʵĴԼԺ
ʵڱﲻסˣȥ԰תת
Ҳãȥתתͻأյ԰СѩĶԾʹ޼аˡڶɪɪûȤ̧žߡ

14԰

ү鷿ˣСѩˣȥ԰תתߵ԰Ϳ԰ôִţԶû˭߽һŷԼС檣ˣͷġӿŲԸȥһ
Ҳүˣү߹æûүֻоһµĶ
ūŲãܶȱУүõġүô쾹Ȼôٵľͳ˿ô졣
վûվֱү仰ͨһ¹ȥˡѾɵˣſſĵڵϡ
үɣūŲ£ҪģүˡԼܺãֲΪԼɱ
㿴ֶ÷ˣ˵үԼС檵ģһūŶҲ̫ˡ
֪ܵĴߣ취ֻҪУ𷣿϶еġ
үūŵĴźöûүˣ֪үæȥţֻڻ԰ԶԶһ۾ͺãūų˭֪ѩˣүūҲˣūŶûϵ
˭ϣԼ˵ţڸλţүҲ⣬˵ˣ㻹˼ҡ
үҲû˵Ҫ㣬ūʵˣ롤үͷС˶˫ʪģд˰󡣱㲻˵ȱС
ǾʮɣԺźӡȻСˣǾʹӰɡ
һȱˣлүл顱ʮȻɰܱǿ
һɿͳɡȥ̱㿪ڵ
λľһѾͷź򣬡⻰ҲǸүģ˼ǲܴ̫أҪûźˡ
˵ġүҲôһ˵ѡȴȴŵˣǰү˵һģԼôء
үūŲ£ء뵽үû˵أ쿴Ҫʧˣӵͷˣ̲ס
үһˣʱˣС檻ǸӣһǱԼµˡ
ޱޣүҲûôģľˣ޻˿ôء
أūһ뵽ү죬үԺūūž̲סġ߷ӡ
һ԰ӿү§үүš
ҲʣҲ˵үϡ
ˣɲڿˣ۾죬ֻҪŹأүû˾ͻȥġ
үûūҹˡôү顱æ졣
һĻүֻÿɰ
үû£ȥԺӰɣġүҪǰԺģþûСˣҲýһȥ
һܰ԰Լָүݲ衣үŷԺٵĿ
ȥūڻźͽнźšү᲻Сæǰæġ
Ҳ̣ᣬһź
ūˣȥһѾͷǶһҲãԺҲҪ˵ġ
ūлү΢΢һҲá
ţүҲû뿪
⼸ˣ취үأ¿ɺˡ
ϴϴһܣ½ˮϢˣүҲûٻǰԺ

16£

԰ϨƻŭˤϵĲ豭
Ϣŭɲʰ˼Һܰ԰ˣˤȥ
ߣϲ򵥣컹ҪˣʰɾȥϢ
ūźϢǰϰá
ûʲôȺܰ԰ϨˣҲϨϢ⼸춼ġ
˯ĳ˫˫ŲʵүѣԼҲȥˣֻҹû˯Źֱ賿ų˯ȥ
ڶ첻ͽүү˯ؽ࣬Ϣ
һ˯ȻѣǺӰүʲôʱߵģûʲô
үùúϢʱ
˵ʹС¹ӵ
ǰԺˡ
ţɡһһˣҲö
ūŸ밲ˡ˻Сӣ˫϶һҩ
ˣ˹ɡӹһ꣬ûãȲȶɡ
ʱһСӱ˳ȥˣһҽ֧
Ȼƶӣҵһϸ룬׼ֻڴѨλȥתоӿһɶĵĸоС
漴ܵһ辰ǰۡһ³˸պȥıµʵ²Ϊֹ
ִѨµķһѽ̵ģλ̹ҽϵܺãż̵ҽպϡ
ߵ߶ĲˮȫԵĸµõط嵭ҩɫһ;Ǹոսˮһỳﵹһ
ںŵȥţһЩʳеʳһЩ㣬²ˣѪȶеġ
ûȳţȺ˱Ϊµʱʳﶼ³ǾҪ˻ˡ»һ֪ĺãǲ
е˺˱ҲỳУÿҩǾԵģֻԼˡ
ʱţһʮСŮ
ѪûУҪԵĻԳԾ²˳
ţ֪ˣ´õŷһݾ²˳˭
ūﰲū񹫹ָźģūŽƼСŮᵽԼǰǰ
ү˵ѾͷأˡҲû
ү۰ϵ
Ѿͷ˵ҲŤ󣬳Ҳ޷
Ȼ˺ܰ԰ӣҪģֻҪһó裬Ҿܱһ죬˼ģͻ񸮶ģȱС
ǣūžźģзǷ֮롱ƼͷſڵϣǼģ֪ôҲһūšҹٵˡ
˾ɣȻǺһĸְɡ

ǹҰϲƯֵǮģôͽɡϲʲô䣬ģԾ
ūл
ԺһپһŰɣѶãǲһֱˣ˵С԰÷ѩȥ϶ƯϷУﳣ겻ѩ봩ԽŴϽǣǱ
չʱǸֲϰߣˣܲ˱ġڻǲϰߡֹסԼϲѩʱܾᣬһɫС˶˵ȥˣģһɫС˶˵¹ѩƯġС˶ȥģ°ɫС˶Ӯˡ
⻰
Ѩȫ鹹ģҪҪϣλСŮ֧֣ǵһд飬õĵطСŮǶ֧֡

17԰ż

Īʣһβˣūźš
źˣȥѶãأһһȥ÷ǵȲҪȥˡ
Цˡ͵ȲˣǾźūŸˡ
Ĺڻ˽ӵƢԺȲҪ໰úԼ¡
˴ȥС԰ǰԺĻ԰ǺԺԺǰһС԰
԰˷Ӵ£֪ȥС԰㶯˼
һ檵ү谮ʹͲϣô˷ĲˡԽϻǾȥϡ
ӣ׼£¹ѩС԰÷ļãȥȥ˵ݡ
ϴŷңһȥС԰
Ѿߵ÷԰ԶԶһƬѩ׵֦ѾϹŵ÷ɷǺÿĶһĩ
̲סĿ˼֧ûģһȥƿա
Ƽصİѩһ԰ѸѩˡĶѵëͲݸ˫¡Χİѩ
״ϽֹҪʲôһҪˡ
㲻ҪģҾѸѩˣûµģһȥ֣꽪ͳɡ
ūŰѡ
ðѶͤһ棬˶֡
ϾҲСҲǺʱ˹ŮˣڿôƽҲϲĽ
õģūȥ
ְѵûб̤ѩ£һΪɾѩ٣ѩǲܵģǾСİɡ
һζѩˣЧǺܺãǱϾǵһΣҲ⡣ҵ֦ʯ۾ͺ͸첲һСѩ˾ˡ
Ĵ𣬿滹кܶѩڶѼͷ̨ͤϣһŶȵģ붼
ѵѩ˵ʱ򣬽ҲյС԰ԶԶͿԶͤӱϵˣŮװ磬һһźɫ
߽ſǴ֮ˣȻǴͷ©ķˮͷõĺޡԽʣһŮ̧ôõΣһү͵ģһûУȴһ檣ôܲء
ʹɫסǰһ
ĸԺūţúźӣȴѩȥˡ
ͻȻǳһת㿴һŮվ󣬺滹һŮһŮӣŮӴŽͷͷ΢бŵҲǼõģͷһ߲һӣջڻζȻҲǸ߹

18԰

үԺĿǰλŮ죬һλǽϺϣ˵Ӽģôλǽˣүȥ˺ܰ԰λ̲סˡ
䣬ֻ˵λǽ񡣡
ͷȻҿλҪ
ϸ밲顱񣬱Ͼһȣ͵
Ҳŷͤӣߵ̨״һŴӴСѩˣûɣȷʵƯ
ﲻѩҲһŲѵõһѩϣȳһѿ״ѩ
౾Ƕŵģ¿ĸˡȻʹҲֳܱ߷ߵ룬ԺϢˣͰѩﵱѩˡ
ѽɨ԰ūôµģ̨϶ѩˣô·
Ӿͼʱ̲סˣǹѵõһѩˡɰĻ̌ͷ˵ۼֿ˵㣬ȱ𼱣Ȼ˵Ҫ¡
ŰˣҲ觵ĻӺʹ֪ʱӲʱ
ɲܹūˣӦѵСѩˣ̫СˣֲÿűΪûɨɾѩءҲͤӣվڽԱߡ
㿴ԣûأֽңװģš
觸æվ
æҪźүʱǵҲеġɲϽƣûи㣬ҲϽ㡣˵⻰ҲҪϣô˾ֻүһ档۸Ҳǻᷴģɲġ
϶ʱĻһ檼ʧӣҪźүĲϡǲֳܱ
˵ģǶүŮˣźүҲӦõġ
ͬʱүҲС԰·ϡүȥ鷿ѧϰȴϢһ죬Ϊٱգ֮£˵ոѾƣͿ԰ȥˡ
үܸģԺӣ˱ոĿͼԼѡһԺסǵ˺ܰ԰ȴ֪ȥԺǰС԰÷ʹһˡ
ү߽ŷ֣ﲻֹڣҲڡڵϣȴվţһ౻۸ˣϾСûʲô۸Ҳֻˡ
ʲô
ͤӼ˶ûүˣϽ㳤̡

19ѩǵĻ

˲Ȼүе㲻֪롣漴Ӧ
ūŸү밲ү顱
ɣⶼʲôءү̨̤ףƳһǼСѩˣһȳһѩѩˣΪʲô֪ҲһѩˣΪطǸɸɾģֻһѩÿѩ˵ľ붼һҪһЩ֦ʯӣױˡ
ү߹⿴һ˫֣ëͲű۾
ǹɡۼūͰ軻
үǿ¹ѩū˵һ÷԰ѩ÷϶Ǻÿģ˹պҲڣ߶˼䡣Խүֱߡ
ūͬһ÷ģǼذѩһ˼Сѩ档࿴ƹԼүߣôֻΧүĶ档
ţ̨ϵǼСѩˣôһءүָָ̨ףѯʡ
౾ش˵СĲȥģ֪ŴӶϣԼԺɲ¡տڽϱ˵ˡ
Ĳԣ̨׵ʱûпһСһŲȥˣǶԲ𡱺һǶ˵ġϵͷίĲˣƸо˶ϲŮ˰ɡ
ΣǹŴլԺŮӣϷִǿ׵Ӱ󰡡
ūôֽأūŲãǶѩ˲ãҪ˽·ҲӦõġװίҲᡣ
㻹֪ԡסˣүôءϿˣүҲԼǹġ
ϲѩˣ˰ѩ͵ԺѸģܿ½ˣˡ
үѵǣūſǲܣүĵĿ佱ү
үʱ˼ˣСôԼءȥС檵ģ˿̸պһȥܰ԰
ˣҲˣǶȥЪŰɡүڰ֡
үҲ˰ɣŷճµģүȥߣô󵨵һүӦòܾġ
ˣүȥˣȥءүԽ˵ǲģʱүһݣ棬ԼĵһǺģеĸ飬ԽǾǹؾص˵ˡ

20ٱ

ˡһݣתѾˡֻʹĽšϡ
үôԺ԰ءүʵ
үȥܰ԰ûм㣬ū˵÷ˣ˽ȥĺܰ԰үС֡ƸѩͲһʱֻûȺ
ôֻ˱أȥǰԺǸֺ
ǣūȥǰԺΪǵóˣԺǺźš
Ժֺůů컹ءүˣС檵쬵ġ
ллүģūһͺˡү۰Ҳáүǻغܰ԰ɡ
ܰ԰
үʲô˵𣬿үЦأ˵ūҲ¡үϣǰǻӣ̼յž죬һ̿𣬵һ㹻ˡһ㲻ѻӷҵģúжүˣŷŽġ
ϸʰּүΪٱգᵽıոˡүԸˡ
һ㶣ôͽˣʷİ绹ûأӺͼݱˡʷˡ
Ҳһ£æūŹϲүŶǱү
үĹϲԼ綼ˣҲõˡ
ү˿ͼ㿴ϲǸԺӣҲ㵥ԺӣԺǵĺһסү۰ģԼѡס
ԼѡסǺõģǴ˿̳үˣг谮үӦԺҪԼڹŴǲԼӵģҪȥԺȥš
үūүһ¡
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21ʺ

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22ʺPK

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檻أغܵϲǻּ͵ĸ񣬱˵ԺİһҲûȥİǲϵּ⡱

23Ӯ

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ҪעһһУʰ֪꣬

24

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25⡪ү

ϲүģǵʮʱ԰ιһСĲȵůʯǵʱˮ̹ǡ
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үˣԺ󻹻ġ

26·

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ţ߰ɣȥߣҲûү͵ֺţ滹е䣬ȥѶҪ㣬ɲܸðඡ»ڸðҩǲеģӲĿȥǵöﰡ
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ѾͷЦʲôأصġ
ʵˣŻЦΪ˵ܸðΪϴǼء
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ͽңԸȺ
֪౻үǺݺݵ۸ˡڴ϶ˣ˵´Ҳˡ
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⼸Ҫȥүү̼ңһʱ䣬ǸһϣллλСŮǣôôա

27

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ãȻû㣬Ҳ˹㲻ٵ¡
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28󰢸û

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29з粨1

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30з粨2

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ūŽ¼ˣТڱϲūϧūŲүίˡһһ٣ټŲᱻ˻ɡ

31

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ϣ϶ġ˵ֱֱĹڴ֮С
¸ʲô˵ʢҲԼ˰뱲ӵŮˣȻԸȥġ
Ӧ֪ˣİгˣ檸ˡ
ϻΪΪģڵ
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32Ķ

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˵ţˣĲԸίԼӡ
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޵ĺȻǺõģ֪ҲǸõġ
лл̧⻹æأ檾Ͳˣȥ檹ŷ˲Ϊ̫֮ѾˣҪúò
ˣûˣ޾ȥ
檸ˡ΢΢ת鷿
ڴͬʱʹ֪ϲ¡
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ŭĻ԰Ľ
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33ӹٽ

ˣôû뵽ǻˣֲصȥǰԺ֡
ԭˣҴˣ˵Ĳǻеǻᣬȥܰ԰Ϻϲ
ϾͲԼһ檡
ǣʱˣϢɡź£ޡ

ݣ칬˵ϻˣΪʲôԻУȴأ˵˱𣿡
Ĳǣǲô졣ү뷨
үҲϲԼô졣
ģ̫ҽ˵𣬷ñҲģϲԺҲеġ
ݣ㲢ϣԼҸȥôõһˣүܻῴġ
үġǰүǲϲôкء
Ǹ񣬴Ժ檵ĺӣǺӻǾԼģүԺĺԺ˶ˣкûطģʱүǡ㼱æ䡣
Ǿǣ˵Ķԣ˵һǲӵģûţ˵͸ء
ֻӦȻ˵ϣˣĿǰүϣﶼʹͲϣʱ˭Ҳ˵
ˣҷˣϢɡ
ܰ԰
ʹͶӵүһʹֺͣΣƥڼá
ϲĽү֪ûõӣר˸ĽÿԢҲá
ǹʹͣҲǸΣƥ
ǻϵʹͣϸһӺԺʹͣûӵ˼
ٶҲһȺ󳼣ǿǰѾϿˡ
ҲЩѡվӵʱˣǰֵ֧Ӵ󰢸һʱû⣬ԥ
ǲÿǵģôİλˣлʺ֧֣֧֣İǹһ𲻿ԡ
λӸиԵĸ󳼡
ͽԣƹİи֧ߡ
˭˼һ檻жܵõϵʹͣӦΪ̫ɥ֮·ΪءѾʾʾϵ˼ˡ
үӵʥּʱһʱס̫⣬ԭΪͻʰʹйԼļӹٽүһʱûзӦ
ּЦݵĶү
ϲүϲٿ

34ɧү

ˡ
ү߻û˵ּ꣬ʢóһʥּ
İĪūﻹлϸһʥּʢ΢Цչʥּ
ʥߣ
İּ
ּү벻ּʲôģҲʲô¡
İֳΪТһ꣬Ͼ֮ģش͸֮߱ŮΪรҶϣ½Ϊͼ빬
»ȫ˶ڷ
İּūҪȥء
չʰʲô˼ءүһʱҲ벻̫ͨӻٻʵͣأ߾ҪȢรΪػǲء
İ磬ĪģǴ峯иϰףɥȻһ˵ʢûж˵ʲô֪İǸġ
ллѣͲˣȥүүʵү˵ϰ׵ģûмһʱû
үˣһͷˮûûŪ׻ʲô˼
үһ֪ûŪڽ͵
νɥȻڳɥڿԳɻ飬ТھͲˣ±ģöһʱ׼รͼ򵥶ˡ
ԻʰȢรһү˴ӲÿǵҺƹܺԺ
үһԭ˵ɫһЦ
ҲģรҲްֻҪŹأүͻỤһӡ
ллүūүүģϾԼĺհ¾޵ģҲӦõġ
үȻǰԺ㣬һźūģúϢү˾ūȥүֻҪҪ¶ġ
үԻǵϴ˵ڻ԰Ǵε¡
үʵҲûʲôҪ£ҪүС֣ı飬˵ҪҲϢɡ
үʵģŸջУԼѳֲסҪȥǰԺ˯ɡ
಻ԵĿүȥĶ˯ҪСû˵
ǣҲʰС˵
үһ·ߺáæ͡
үûж̧ͷһүСԹڿûһ
ˣү̽˵
ҪүǱȥˡ
˵ٿүɫǺöˣֵ
ҲˣүҲһˣϢɡ
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35Ǻ

Щ˵ϾյϢλ󳼣ʺԼеλǡ
Щ˵ֻյүԺϲ£ûյүӹٽȢร£үԺŮǡ
Ͼһˡ
ӣҾյϢ˵λţรš
ҽſȥ۷ӵˡ
ӡϸոûмŮź򣬱㺰
ǣūŽˡӴͷȥβں
ūźҲû˵£һ˵ʡĸ
Ǹﲻסˣһֹģϵע⡣
ͣ£˵ǲʲôˡ۽Ķŷӡ
ϲ£үΪٿˣϢûü֪ӱؾᡣ
ģǺ°һ뵽ϣûˡ˵꿴ϱ黹ǹֵֹģɵĿ˷һۡ
˵֪Ѿͷ˼أˡ
񣬷ӽ˵ġƭ񣬿Ƿ˵Ҳģֻû˵ѡ
ҿϳȥϽ
ֻһ¶ѡ
˵ʲô£
ּүλԺһλҶϣһλ½ϣȢรϽšһȫ˵ˡ
ǺǣǺ°ǺءȷʵǺ£ôŪϵĺأҲأȴ벻ôˡ
Ӻ°λү٣ڸˡҼæ˵
Ҳգ
߲ร˵ǸиԵģֱ׳嶯ءߥߥޣͻݲϵġ
ûףӱϾŽʱ䳤ˣǸ˼ģȻ֪Ǹʲôӡ
˵Ǻ±Ǻ£˵ӲָףҲԸס
ˣȥˡӣȥǶ֬ȥϣú̥ʲô²һʱԺǺʱ
ǣūȥ
Ͻ컹Ҫȥ̫ү꣬Ҫԡ
ǲȥģһûʸȥǻˡ
յʱˣô˵ģʲôɡ
Ҫ߷ӡץ˼װɰͷӳȥ̫ҽ˵ǰҪΪɣ˵Щȥлϡ
߷ӣ֬ãȥûзʲôԵģڿǲҴġ

36

үˣҪôءź˵Ͱˣǹһֱүһ𣬱ûȥš
˶ˣǰǸʲôġϣ˹Ӱ𣬲쳿趨ʡô׬Ǯ
һʮһˣһ˵źڵģĸȹŮĸȹŮС̫ࡣѡġСĵСȶӡ
Ҫ𣿡
ǽɣ˵䡱Ȼү͵ģѱ˼ġûҪôô
õģҳȥˣźվڱûء
ȥû󹦷򣬾Ͱ˴ˡ
˴ˡ
š۾ɨһۡȣԼˮˮԴӻкүͲȲ衣
ȫһȺˣǹš
˵ʲôأ㣬һ£ǲ˷ˡװյ˵
Ծŷү谮ر𽻴ūŹԵģŷ͵
үá꣬Ҫÿ춼ؾҵˣˣҿҲЩүҲϲġ
˵ﻰūžūţźģĺÿҲǸ￴ģүӵģūǿɲҶ롱ӻġ
ҪţҾ˵˵мŽǣǶ觶׹꣬ɺǴźÿ
ūл˲Ȼӵʹ͡
ҲףǸء
˵ԼĿǰǵĳģоǲūŻʸ֦оֻҪú£ʹͲٵġ
࿴ɫ֪ǶԼ˼ˡ
ɣǻúԼ¡
ūǻúźġ˵
ˣ֪ˣҪǵĹȥȹŮǰ
ĸŮǰһСվ˳಻ǺܳڣҲɡ
νе
飬解ɺ硣
лº󣬱Ѿͷ
䣬񣬱ʯ
󣬱˫̥̫ﺣ½
ŮԺ̵ţС̫͸С¹ӰɡֱӸҾС֡
ôƺ
ū졣
֣үѡģŵĹүҲҪչ˺ӾСү˸õģԼﻳĿĺء
ģūһƽƽӡֱǼĵģǰûע⵽ˣү־͸ʹá

37½ϵ

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Ҷס䣬½סϲ䡣
ԽסͬԺûмүԺŮء
ϺҪүȥ̫ӹ꣬Ϊ̫ɥڣԼǲȥ꣬ҲҪл͵ġ
ҶϺ½ֻʶ˴˶ѡ
㣬˵үĺԺλóأѾˣ֪
һɫװŮ˵ŮüҶӣС˵ĻȪˮˡ
һˣرĵֳעǲģóû˵ġ
õϢͨҶֻǵһۡ
ҶֶֻׯģԸ񡣶ر׼ҲĵرǿӴˣܿ͸ʲôԸ
ͱڵ½ϡ
½ԼĳйϵɡΪֻҪүĺԺǾҪ׵ĵó裬Ҹоõˡ
ƽ˵ģҲ֪һѡ
ҶǲԸģ˿ǲܽӴģ˭֪ʲôʱԼһѡ
ãԺӰɣȥϢ
Ҷߺ½һ·ֵĻصԼӣ
ʲôŵģһÿġϲȵȥҶǰүһģҪúϴ¡
ǣǸʣ綼ǼģҲϲ
˵ͣˣ͡½һǸ󷽵ģֻҪԼ˾͡
лϢ£ϾͽЩ۵ġϲȵ½ϴķڹź½ϸ¡
½ºϲȵſڣԷ˴š

үϲ£Ȼľ뿪񸮣ٻȥ·ϣλ
үλʱѾסͬԺȲรסǵĽ԰
Ȼûȥ£ҲнȥȻġ
ţܰ԰ôүǼǹġ֪СûаʱԷСûйԹԵġ
үȻˣĿǰΪֹ˵СŲһء
ŷǰչϲʳġүעġ
λҲǻϲģǰԺ̫ÿȥ˺ܰ԰ʹͣǴβǴλʹͻģλӲŲ̫ɫǹЩСӶϲȥܰ԰Ļ

38ϲ

Уүǲģȥɡү˵߾ߡ
үȵūŰܰ԰ֲܡǰһ˵үģһԼֹġ
׷үʱүѾǰԺֱԺȥˡ
үܰ԰ʱѧ·أүһΪүӦʱʱүƨ
ūŸү밲ү顱
ү˵˶ٴˣ㻳УˣôͲءүҲΡ
ʵү˵˺üˣƫǲסÿү巴Ե
Բүū´μǵˡү֣߽ڡ
Զ˹еĲˮݸү
үȲ裬ǰū²ɵ÷ɺݵģһɵ÷ζȺȿ
ūŻûгž㡣һ˫۾үеˮһȵı顣
үһЦ
ү豭һ㣬ʵ࣬
ȣ
ūŲܺȣū֪үͱūˣūˣúúһ󱭡Ҳ쳢
ϲȻģֻ趼ϵϲȣʶֻ֪÷ʱ򣬱ɼЩ衣
үЦҲڶŪࡣ
ֽҿǣñỮˮϵĶ÷ⱭغһСڡ
ڲûвҶĿɬζȴһɵ÷㣬Ҳ࣬˵ζҲѺȡ
ţһɵ÷㣬ʺŮá
үϲͺãȿˣūڲЩ򻨣õ廨ӻЩģʱ
оҵ֪ˣǰҲ곢˾ûʲôζԲϲȡ
ãʱūȥɣͿžˣ򲻿Լ֣֪𣿡үСһʱͦȥ԰ɻһиʲôǾ͵òʧˡ
ū֪ˣūŲǺӿЦģллүүӦϲԼģȴ֪ѣΪֻΪԼеĹϵɡ
ȴܶġԼִִ꣬ܵԼֻһģڹŴүġ
үʱʲôү֪һĶڸ
үūںѧأūΪүѡĵƨҪĵġ
ЩȥˣαԶءʵүǻϲģԼСԸΪԼ·ôܲء
үūв࣬ūžү·үū·ūž;øˡүϲūŸ·ŲԸūء˵Сһ񣬺òġ
⻰
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ԲСŮǣʱ椽Ҳ̼ˣҪչ˺ǣûü£һؼҺ׼ʱ¡

39

ү˼үѣɣֻһүʱͷģүʵΣԭҲ֪Ůôѵá
ллүūŻҪСҲ·ء뵽СԼ·ȴȵӣ̲סԼЦˡ
ڿĺ£˵үүʵĽʲôСŮСôģۡ
ү˿ūž밡ԺСū·һǿɰˡ
ү࿡ܿĳүģүԵŮ䣬ԵүӢͦ
һǣүĸһġү֪ıˣǰһֱ˵ģҲ˵ˡ
ȻҪүĸ·ǾҪõģȥⷿǼƥױùҲú·ǰǸ˵ģһȷǸ˵ġ
ллүպӴʱģڵ·ūŻмµģ̫ɥڣūҲܴ̫ˡƯ·ȴǲָܴо԰˵ʵڲ̫á
үūſɺãһʱүҪæˣūҪЩӼүأūүһš
ʱ䣬үҪȢ򸣽Ҫúð̫ɥ£º͵ˣҪңүҲҪæء
ϹʲôأүæҲҪ㣬˳㿴С񡣡
үҲ֪Լæеġ
Ҳ֪үᶪԼµģ˵ģĿүŶѡ
ūž֪֮ү᲻ūŵôʱġүʲôūȥš꣬Ⱥүںȥš
㿴ŵɡүǲʳģǰôҲͲˣ鷿ĵҲĳһ㡣
үūųԻףЩţеñģµе̸̳߰պ㽴ϣǿζˡ
ζǰȥԻʱƫԻŴһˣһζûгԵͻȻرˡȲˡ
үҲԱʳģȴֳ֪ʳܣҲ֪ζһ
ţɻˣүһԣүɳԵүϾôүһֱǳԵıȽ嵭ġ

40ͣ1

ʳԡڻʹҶǸݵϵĿζģϲʲôôŷͻȻȻǣ繫ǾϵĿζˡ
ϲ嵭ģүСζƫҲٳԵ
ūҲ̫ܳǻĲźóԣүҪҪһһͽԧүء
ҲǽϵģԲھ
׻˵Ů仰Ҳиݵġ̥ǸļʺܴҲãԼߣҲԷֹƣһˡ
ţԧãүԡүҲ˵Ļġ
ү˵ԣԼ˵Ĺ䷽ಢͨգһ˵򵥵䷽ʳĻ˵ģֻܿˡ
꣬һҪ߳ӣõһҪټζŸ㣬ͲˣֱӼУ
óе㱡ţʱҪϱ飬ȱ״ñʣڶһƬˣܲЩزС
ūˣȥŷȥү͹ȵȡ˵ͳȥˣҲֳԷʳĶģҲûʳ
Ҳûʣһף˵óԾһóԡ
֪Ķٰүûүɻˣ˵ҲǸԣ˼ңûˣֵֹĳԷ
һ⣬үʲô
үҲ֪ūŵİǸţ飬Ҳղ˲ҰʷūŴСڰ鷿ԱȱŮܶöЩ˵꣬ūûмˡ
ǰ˵ĻȻģ˵鷿仰ģԭǺԭģԭԸܵԺԿࡣ
˼˵ﵱ࣬źӣʹ͵Ҳ٣ԭȥʹŮġԭȷʵǲȺ顣Щ֪ʶҲˡ
ڻʱˣȹȥҲˣȶˣڴ˽㣬Σ
ҲйصģǺŮ컳УĸҶǿźġ
ūллү
ʵҲЩˣԼҲԭТ
˵䣬Ѿˣżˡ
˰Ѷϣү˳ȥˣվԺһүʲôҪ

41ͣ2

ү
ү¯ӱϣһŵе̳߰ү
үйԽһζǻܽܵģȻĶζûһζΪеıеϣڸζ
үȥˣûһ˿֪үǽ˻
ͣиүţүꡣ
˵ͦóԵģеү΢Ļеܲˡ
̣ʱֽĸүһ롣
үĸǰ̧ͷүĿ⣬΢΢һЦ͵
ү룿
үʵʵĵͷ
ΪѾ㹻ĵϣ̵ͲζģûôĵϣڸǲסⱾζڵպųԣһҲ
ϵŽүǰС۾үպϵϳԽ
ʾԼܶҲԵģҪ̺үȡ
үԵĻ죬̣үԣĬϡ
ǿˮͣ
үǸоˣ̿ˮڰĿϣŷСŮһ˫۾Žʣİ⡣
Ҳû˵㶢⿴ֲܳԣҪ̹ܳԡ
˻һ˽Ρ
үεǣƲСŮǰСǸɸɾģȻǻûгءһֱڸԼв˳ԡֲһֱ⿴
Լ߯ûϢˣһٻһֱ⿴үоԼء
ǺǣūſеãСʺϳԻǺǣǺǡƤҲ˳үĻ˵үΣҲԼ̫Ρ
˻Ρ
үƤ顣
ȻúãǾŷºã͡үֻý˵
һҲǺհ˵ŵүҲŲŵǱŷһˡ
ˣҲԵɣԺŲźôأȱһ˫֡ˣźšүƳһˡ
ǰĹҲһʱǸʲôʳźүš
ҲҲƽʱǹǲźŵģһʱˡ
ϵ±ˣŸԼˢ⣬ȻܳھԵ
һֱǳԵ
Ծͺˣūˡ
⻰
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Ѿ̼һˣ椵Ϣʱ䣬׼ʱµģллλСŮ֧֡

42ǹŮĴ

үֿڲͣģ⣬һֱڳԡһڿǵġ
ҪĤڻˣүΪ˿ء
үԻҪԼֳŲ˼ȫûһŴ˵ԾеĴˣҲԼ˵Ҳ޼ɵˡ
ϾᣬִҲְĵı˹ŴսսĻţЩһĽԼڻˣүĵһӣеŷˡ
ԣŷˡĳ࣬үƵġ
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үڹҲô꣬ЩҲ֪ġҲ޷ıģŮ˶뱣裬˯ءڿֳԷòףοúܡ
үĻʱˣҲǣҲǡ
תֶ˵ǲϵġ
үūˣūǰɲģǻкҹŮǶⲻūžͳԵļˡ
˵۾ʱʱգգͣ·˵ŮˣƽʱҲģģҪҡ
үһµ޻˵СŮ˻ǳգ۾
Ҳ˳Ļ˵
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үĸȾ˵ҲһԼԼԣʱʱĸӵˡ
ŵһū°ͶҪˡүҲ̫˰ɡ
ǸӺԺŮҺ͸λүô˵ء
Ҳλôˣүû𷣣һ⣬ԺҪ
һзЩףǲʧˡ
ү˰ϵͲͳͳŷ¡
Բ˵ԵĶǶԲ
ү˵үʷԵóԵĳʳˣ㳨ӳԣ֪ˣүԳˡ
ЦϣүҲסֲСŮˡߵүǰʱүһѰ
ߣȥԺߣճô࣬ϸòˡ
үһ㶼ûв˼˵仰ġ
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43½

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44밲1

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45밲2

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46밲3

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47عأƹ

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48

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49ƾͼ

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50

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51ŮҪѹǮ

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52ŮҪѹǮ2

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53£һ

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65

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ԶԶĿϸС¹ӻ԰߽Ժ㼱ææվŲһַ¥ݣһַ
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࣬㣬Ѿͷˣ»ôëëġϼǰ˳ϵ֡
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ﶼ˵ˣҲŤǰһո밲㰲
ԼãҪ⡣ԽԽˮˡ
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66

ֻСѾͷһֱϵ·ο۾¶һ˿ĽοĽԼôȴûдô·ôƯΡ˿οΪЩڽ㶼Сһ֤ò
࿴СѾͷ۵׵֪˵ǳػûպϽǴŰ˳µ·СѾͷ·ԿӦĴ룬ҲܴġЩƽ֮кุܳܶĸСӵ·һЩԴء
֣һȥƥӸʵ·ȥƽʱûжϲġ
˴Ӧ󣬸ȥȡ
᲻᲻á¸ǷǣҲʲôøˣ֪ղ˵ˣҲǼԼûŮһʱʧˡ
ûʲôõģЩʹ˵ģŮݵ΢ҪʹͱˣҲãȥءĶǱʹ͵ģûʸʹأЩӶѡ
ǶﲻãŻˡ˵ǾöԲˣҲҸƽ˼ҼˣȻӲڣһŮˣԺĶǵĹӡ
Ůڹúܺã㲻Ů˼ҲһŮǼ޸˻ʵ۵ĶӣԶﲻصġ֪ԼҶֿʼԼòáѾˣô죬ȻܸıֻӦ
ЩôЩǰʱүרΪģһֱˣЩūŸоʺСС㣬ƤʺСŮӡ˵ڼ䣬ѾڣһЩƽʱԸΡ˻ûüǱ߽
ūŴССЩɫƬɫȵӣ˫ֱŲƥǰ࿴
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۹ⲻҸо⼸ƥӶʺϼˡӣ⻬ѵõĺòϡ

67

Ҷõ·Ҫ鷳ˣҼǵԺﲻиɺѾͷ߻һһһȴָ·಻øл
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鷳ˡ
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ԼСõĻһգԼʲôᣬҲڹѧģСȷΪȵġ
ճˣȽܸˣһȥ߻һģҲѧѧʱ㼸ƥӣԼô
ţлл㡱
лϲЩӡ
ģϲġԼŮúãʲôǲϲء
տЩΣϲʲôԼãǴġʾ꽫ϵĶùŲٵΡ
һķΣڣ䣬ͷΣ̴ᣬΣЩͷλһЩ׹׹÷׹緶׹ʯ׹׹Ȧһһġ
ǰ̵Σÿϲǰ̹Լ˲̰ģֻһںһԲʯ׹
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68ֻһ

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ǲ֪ŮкȻãкĻƻᱻߣϾԼֻһСС檣ŮĻүӦԼԼġ
֪Ůү㸧Ҳ֪檵λ£ǲӵĺӵġ
ү˵ҿԸҪߵġҲΣѾԼġ
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ΪʲôûоԼ̥أΪֻּ٣˫̥ȻڹŴѾǷëˣο̥ء
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үĻյҵССһġԺū˵ϲ˰οءӻʹ˷˺ССһЩ·Ρ
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뵽ϽסⲻһūŸġ

69ܵ

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һߣ沢ûеƣֻ΢¹սӰһǰһˣڴ󣬿顣һ˴ʱˡ
һ׼׵ʱͿԶˡ˵ǻʺߵĹ֡ôù˳ƺ˾ֻһˣʺϡ
ţ֪ˣ֪ͨڶ֣䣬ԽԽǼ˵ĺӣǬ幬̫ҽʱػϵӲˡ
ҪĺҪ־͹ǶҪúùôƴһѣӮôŮˣ˱һҲˡ
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ʲôǻʰӦ𣿡
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ӦˣѾ񸮺˸ˡҲµģôͬأ
ʰӦˣߣʺȲ˰ү֪ˣȥɡȥүԼ˼У֪ʰ굽ʲô˼ҪôʱԼôأ벻ͨ
үߴϢãԺҲ֪ˡ
ʺүˡõϢ磬Ĳ꣬ڽȷǺ֣һ˻ûϢأȴѾ֪ˣҪȫˣΪĹϵҪǰԺػһȥĺǰԺС̫СʶЩϢҲǴġԺȻҲܴ̽ЩӴѾߣѾӵСϢ
õģ֪ˣȥɡˣֻһˡȻŮӵТȴʱʱĴ֣ȻҲ֪һȴڴҲһԼļ⡣
ϼ˳ȥˣҲڵ
ϽҪү˼Ǻú룬ʵڱĴҲϵĲ²⡣

70Σ

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ŴŮǿǹأʦͨġһֱΪԼһִתŴǴ´࣬ڿԼͶĲɲһ㡣
үǻĻԼҪͶѧϰѧϰԷЩСЬ
ţСүˣү˵һᡣôǰ̤;ĺʱͻȥͰ˵£ү˵
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ʮ˰־Ѿĥˣ˸գֻҪ棬ʮԸǺġתʱһһüһֱһİ̺ۣȻʱ䵭٣Ŀ˿ʱµףһббſϡ
ȥʮ˵ҺλʮҴλϮ˱ǶԼʮһ⡣
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71޴

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ʺҲǲģôôųûĴҪǳûˣŲѡһԼ
뵱̫϶Ūˣ϶֪ǿٱ
ҪǺͺͬ岻ãԵúԽгϢҲֶԸһʮĺӡûкҩģȻѾˣͲΪȥ¶ڡ
׻ʶĿģһúµġǺʱСɵԸ˳Żʺ˵˵ûġ
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ôпԺүʲôԸ˵˫̥ﺣԺҲˣ֪ǰԺһ׼ʱǹġ
ɲôүӣڣԺм䣬ȷڲأվԺ˵
ϣĲʱǹﻹء֪ûأﻳ˯ǿûѹλܵ½˵ˣ
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Ҿȸүػĺʡүżˡ˵꣬תߣŲ˽е
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ԵȣǹˣԵȻᡣҲǲ뿪Ľ̸꽫

72

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ϣүʱ˴£үҲܲ𾪡ӳУүһֱһ㣬һȨƲģµ͵ƽʱڸкܵ͵һˡȻڰλҰ֮󡣾Ŀ࿴ǡ
үˣءսԺţǰʡүһҪҲ硣ⶼǾˣǰͿүڶԺϢӱȥ̨;ͱүݺݵѵ˺һͨѧˣֻҪӵ¾ҪĻ㱨
ţɡүͷû̧æӣϰѲٵӷָӴүҲ֡
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ථˣԼأүʲôʱⱾˣûпһ۾֪ˡ
ūŸү밲ү顱ͦŽĸµĶӣйǲˣҲү谮ƽʱ˽¼ˣǲģ΢΢ѡ
Թԣ˵˶ٴˣүˣ㿴ĶӶˡԵ̫ˣӱƽеĶҪ࣬˼߰˸´ҲǶ˫ӵԵʡ
үıǽɹԣûڶءүĴӣϡЩˮķš˵Ҳ֣඼ĸˣû¹رܳԣһ֮ڲ˯ǳԣҲԲ١
Ҳ֪ʱӦÿʳҪиѪ֬ѪЩëҲ˼첻ô࣬¶۾ǣүҲۻˣ㲻ٽʳһаҽҲ̫
үūû£Сɹˣ֪۶ūŶû¹ءһֳúóԱʣµһүУүǰ̫ЩСĵģÿζҪڣҲϰˡūȴôҲϰ߲ˡ
ҵүţĸ߹ء

73ȴ֪

оԵĲˣſʼ£үҲιˡ
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үӹֺ졣
ţ㰢꣬㰢Ҳү˵һЩү֪ȴǳش¡Щүͬ˵Ҫ֪㰢Ǹ˲ţүҲȥϴ꣬ϤǱߵơ
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ȷʵЩᣬźͼһ¾Ҫˡǻ֪Ǻˡ
ţү㰲ţһҪӦүǧ֪Ҫ֪ҲҪˡүȻǲԸĵġ
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ϵǺأһϺӣ˫ӣھүĳ谮ҲǵһءҾͲ˲Ǻޡֶ֪θأ˵̫޴ءǲأڲܻУǱˡ
˵ͻ裬庮״ˣôڿԽɫˡ΢ҽģڸһһĺء
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˶Ĭˡ
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뵽⣬ɵЦˡ

74˫

紩룬˿ƹֵĶȥ
ԼĪһʱңԴڣ߸ֺ걻ڶԺˡϳȴ֣󻹸ʮıЩ˶үġ
ôûءǰûִʱ濴һһߵĺܺ棬һʱ֪жܵģһһģʱ䳤ܲ˰Сվ߶߶½Ӳ嶼ɣֻػţƨɶߵľˡҲҿƽʱǿĺӲû¡ƻȥʱֻƻȥˣСһǿɲһεˡ
һյĹ͵ˣĿǲּ಻ͣŲƨɣ֪סˡ
һ㣬̫Сˣˣ嶼ӲˣҲҿǽ׼㣬˺ü棬ƨɾԱ߳ɺüˡʱϣƨŤŤҸʵλ¡
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Ǳֺġһ㿴ˡ첽ǰֺиʧԷһ
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áֵܼᵽԼǰ

75

Լҽܣض񡣽ܻؼүһǻؼҿĸӵãǸУҲ֪үȥϣҲ֪Ҫ೤ʱܽ꣬ꡣŮᡣ˵ϵ˫֣۾ˮ
˫ӵסļȻȻĽͷϵؿڡ
࣬Ҳ᲻㣬Զ㰢㰢ܵȥְھǣƽ󣬶ȥϺ㰢غϡʵǲ࣬СûʲôԼܣ۰ģʲôĶǵֶΣԶүԺЩŮһƬֽʲôԿ
ʱϲ֪ǹ࣬оȴѾһˡ
͵˵ǾϲӣʱĸԼҲĲ٣ڻ
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үǺεȴϵ˼үҲĲ٣ʱﶢţӦó⡣
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ǽĲף֪ЩԲ⣬˶ЩרԵġ

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78αװ

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үТݣƷ֪أúõ½ϵ뾩ԶǲɹĺõطϾȻҪϣҹ֪ͨТһ׼үܼʱϵּɡ
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⻳˺ӵǲһˣ߰ɡ˵Ҳûһۡ߳Ժһ·Ҳûϵϡ
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82үҪѺӱ

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ȴһʲôвټƽҵĲ½ϵôģ뷨ĳôԵĹء
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򿴵СŮǵԣڽ¡ֻƪС˵ʷб䶯ģȫԭʷоǰӦ½ڻҵģѾˡÿ춨ʱ£ϲСŮǶԣǵĳ谮жһллϲƪĵСŮǡ

87Ժ

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˵λǰҲͦүϲģôͱүˡλݡ½ϾĶԸڿһ˵ԸŵĴǰ
˭˵أԺǰһѾߵģ񹫹ᰲסġ쾹Ȼ½һǰλԺעڵĳˡһС̫˵
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½ҲҪΪūŵģүѾܳȥġһС̫ĸ½ϡ
ܰҵѾͷоҵѾߡ½ǰģÿζһȸİģһкɳ٣ѧ˵ͷ
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Ǻðɣ½ҲˣǵغĵС̫˵
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үȻˣϾԼһŮˡȺС̫ʱſ޿о侲оǸоԼԺˣҪסԺԼҲҪ档ɵþޡ
෴ԼĻᣬһԺ½ϣ࣬ƽƽĻᡣ

88

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ū֪ˣˡо֪½ϵӣԼóƺĵĻ½пܴԼ
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ȱū֪ôˣȻԺȥﲻ˵ĵطղһֱԹۣҪ½ȳ˵Լİ취
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취ūеģֻҪϣһүã˵ԺˣǻָҲеġ
үôءҲǣܼүôء취УûС
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ֻҪү谮ŮΪ飬ôүҲῪء
ϣǼ˾ȻԸ⡣
˵ˣ˵ģҪ½Լȥ
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89үΰ

뵽ˣ㳤ĲҲȥˣŵֻˡֻҪүĳ谮һүҳȥģԲԡ½ƿԼоһץסԼǰֻˡ
ȵľ仰½ôżģһӾʹӦˡ
ⲻðɣūźūţôء
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ү£Щūˡ˹װкҵĵӺүϵļӷڰϣѻݸ࣬һүǰ

90ͺ

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ӹүϵĺҽŰɵļпңĹʣүǶұϡ
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үūŲЦ˾үūŰūŵңūҳЦүءĺ鶼ôȵģɼҲǸġūųݶء໹ָǶҶү˵
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91ʯǧ

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ү˵үڵĴūŶ֪үҪµģūԸСķүϣֹүĻҪүڵĳŵֻϣպүľС
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ллүԷᣬү˳ѯԼٸʱ䣬ﶼʲô·ǱⶫԺû·
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ѸٳԼڣ꣬ӹˮڣ֡үڲ⵽ôô١˵ƽʱԹԳԷҪ˵ģôһ㣬ѵǸźԺȺŮѧģҪġ
ඥү´񣬺ǲ⣬үǲԼģүһ仰Ѫ

92ү

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ģҪԶ֣ү˿ġүǻදء

93̫ͤС

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Ҳ˰ᣬүǵˡ
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үķԸֱ顣۾ͤĴƬյء֣Դ˺ү۾˵ϹıԽԽˡһСūſɲɣԹԵȥСԭȥҲ˵ڰ
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񰲣ūӲ㣬ܸ밲ˡ˵ŻԲĶӡ

94̽

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£԰ɢɢģû뵽үҲ԰ˡŹ밲
šүԱ˵ʱһԹġ
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ү뿪ڸˣȱ˸סˡ
үǲ⣬ūҲ͸ءʾү԰ꡣ
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žͳصģɣȻһ϶峴ƬҪһɡҼǵöԺеѼ棬ʱźˮء
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ϲûнŲеֻǿЦݡһ˱̽ΪҪڲĵ׵ĽŶƮϲûУᶨ͸ơûлšֻ˵ǽϡҲ̫αװˣԼ
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95Ȩ谮

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ϺǳԾЩͨʳʹж治֪ôϽԼЩһүڵʱ
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ʱһֱ˵ķ̲סˡ˼߯˰ɣԼҲϣҲҺ񡣡
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96ү

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үԺʱһûԺӻ϶ڶԺһһǴˣ֪ү۰Ժ˵ʱ򣬺޲ýȥ˼ֻϣѾˡ
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ģˮѯ˶Щʳĵŷʦ̿ˮصˣҪүŭ׼
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ϴѩػ£Ѿүĸ飬үڹϢ˵Ụһġ
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ôʧˣôһôʧļأڸﶼʲô˽Ӵ

97ƾĸ

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²κˡԺ˶֪ʱүҲ֪ΪʲôʽˣԵ̽ϡҷȴûиү໹
үһŭûĵģүôãȻүүžȥˣŻûȥˣϴε
ǴλڹסүŪﶼ֪үԺ̫ƽǼүݲ¡ûȥΪʲô
үģūѾŷˡһ¹ϵү谮ϣǲ
ţȥɣүҪ侲侲ԼҹԹôڲغûᱻֵġ
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Ϣɡ˵ǲϼߵĴѾͷǸϽ󣬸ֹչ˸ϵѾͷǰ廨˵̫ҽԴ̥Ҳи̥á˸ʱߣ廨
ϻкûǻһǳʲôʲôص£ÿֻܺȵˮˮġ˶࣬ɫƵġ
û£Ӷһ£һ㣬ڴϻܡϲϡ
ϼһȥһЩʺСӵڶӻСҸСС·ϲԸԺŮ˹ǣֻƽƽĹӣװֵС硣
뵽⣬е㱯ˣ⺢زԼģֻүԺԼȥ̽ˡ
ǡūȥ
ϼ죬ʱ򻹴ү͵ƥС
ūŰү͵ƥҲˣһȥ߷ǣװۿҪˣӵʱá
ЦЦνģܴҲãͬϼȥԼֲüС·Ļӡ
϶ţҲ¡ǴŮˣ˽ԺŮΪʲô¶ĳҲĲڿλߣԼҲûüֵ뱣סѣҪƴȫȻ߷ôҪҸλߵĸһܻŸϵƾĸ
ѡĿǰʺϵñǸϡʱȥ߲ร밲ˡ

98һһһ˫

үظ֮ҡүһҪȥʹϳһ
ү⼸һֱԺȥԺģʵүԼ嶯£үˣĶô󣬿ɾڡԺӲ˾ʵڲϲˣֻˡ
ūźү¡үͷһһѾߣǸԺġȴѵõã½˵ضá
ѾǰôûԺءġүȻǸСѾź¡ȴһүĸʵ
ǵģǳ仨԰ʱײģɨĻѾ棬ϸֿξԺˡ
Ů½ϸǰ⼸һֱӽүúү԰żʲôģڽԼÿһ˾ԻϧԲȥ԰µȵĻ˭ү֮Ҳûȥ԰˼ʵڵȲˣҸϡ
ϰԼõү¾Լʱɹ˾Ϳ԰үĳ谮ĶҴӦԺú¡нһĻ
źү£ȥϴ˵껹ʾߣҩšֻʣүˡ
˶ȥˣСֽŸүǰﲻͣḧүšүһˣһ嶯ʱүеԳ
ү޶ԣС˵ǰ½󻺻£λã˫үϵõ˳תүֻһһҷүϣǰȻ£үı
͵͵ţϵıȴǳ˵ġ
̧𾪻ŵСۿȥ
ūŸūűֱŵŪʹүˡүˡ
Ϻúʰү㡣˵ǵˡԼ̲ס
үϾǸĹŴˣϰ檡ϲ࣬ʾԺֻһŮˡҲ֪ӲҰķүϡҪһһһ˫ˣүҲ
үߺ󣬸ϴڳƮ֪ʲô밲ʰ鿪ڵô
ү˵ϻūšͷϿı顣Ҳǰ˰ɣ

99ϣ

ܺãǵĳͺáϵ
ūлรԺ󶨲ǲรѵ⡱ĸ󣬾˳ȥҲΪүŮˣǱ΢ūˡ
ӣҪ½ϣүòʱԺñүһĳ谮񲻱ǡҩǲͬūţӾʹûԼȥźүһıǿ
ҵôȥҲʰʰȥ
ǣϢɡūŵǸүĴҲҪµģûǱ±ŪҲ٣֪еรĴѾͷһҲһԺܳ檲ǿ١
һߵصסûаϢ½ϣ½ϴһƤңԺףһ֮Ҳ˵ء
Ҳûȥڴɨ԰ԼĿѾﵽˣǻȥĹֻҪƯƯźүˡ
ϣүԺҲԸүĴүӡǲģڵڶүʹҲǲģҲԺҲ
ԭڼȻѾү檣ԺǸˡ
޵ڶһʹǴе֪
ϣ˭ôûˡǲ֪ϣҲֻŶѡ
Ͼ½ߵѾߣ֪ľźү檡סԺҲ˵е㲻мһˣ˿϶ǺöԼӲűᣬүĴ
ôôǼĽˣȤ
˵ʲôūūţһӶǣūžû뷨ūŷġû˵ͱˡ
ʲôģҾǶ棬ܵ档үŮ˻᲻ӵģͳסˣһҪˡ
ūžƲϡͶร϶һӻˮء
ˣױҶˡֻҪϲǾСһະϵĶӿ죬ɲùСΪ°ϻء
ֽʰãǱʳҲˡ
Եɿڵķˣ˲һ硣
ÿ극ᵽСԺתתڣҪʱ˶һ£ʱ˳˳ЩŴûٸһ˵˵ŮǻǺϧԼСġʱ䣬ҲԶ䣬ԼԺߡԴүʯԹÿ춼

100ѲТ

ʯҲŲüˣôһ㶯ûСǵ콽ˮ࿴ϵ̫⻹ϣ̫ѾˡɹðɡһʱӦûõ㣬Ͼ˼ˮеġ
ǣūչأү͸ģԢӶҹˣԺûеġ
˷ۣô𡣡⻰еģҲеģŴŮѵֻ
ū˵Ŀɶү˵ءߵѼ¶̫һᣬԽԽˣϢ
ϣү˶Ժʱүһֱæϵ¡ôԱİ⣬ķЩΪڽʱүģ˻ؾӺүүִ
ԱĿȱÿĸײϡԺ԰սϵһ֡½ү͵ӸϡдţТڽУүְڼΪ˶ٺ£Ϊ͢˶ٹףһСС֪ʵǴСˣТְ
ʲôְүûдȥҲдԹʵ۶ǶɵģĻֻǸһйְ֮˭Ҳû˵ֱӸӶƷѲƷ֪ǲŻˡֹϲɣٹǲá
ӺүΪϰգΪ룬Ҳ֪ү˼߶СʱɰдѲ֡үҲܾȣû뵽ʰһôߵһλãΪһ֪ѡ
үǸ˵ģ϶ְԽԽáǻģ˭˶޻˵
˻ظ󣬵һ뵽ľ࣬ԸϢ
ү顱ﺣջ룬үü춼ûԺأ߶ſүԽԺ߹
ǼӿԺ
үλء½ش
ֵûʲô¸˾ÿվſڸ
үƣҲûͨԸȥûأ˵
Ŵһģ˭ҪҪҾˡ˷ܵ
Ҫ
Ҫ
ͬʱ
һˣӮˣ˵ùҺݺݵĵԱ
ʲôأôģүү˻ûѾˡ
ŵϽү顱
ɡүһӣԹԸʲôأôġ
үˣūں涷ءԴӶӴ˾ûиүүˣҲֻվѡ
Ŷô棬үǰûү֪ﶼЩϡŹֵĶҲûоȡ
һƣͬƿԴһ

101

ү˶淨˸˵Ҫжעź棬ҸպǶ˭˵Ա
ô˵үĿ˿ĶͷͨĶͷ
Ӯˡⲻ붼֪Ӯˡ
ʵǰʱ򣬻ûôӮǶԸ֣ˡ
ҲȫūӮҲӮˡ
ô㱻ˡ
үƽһ仰ŵˡһˡ
ūŲҶԹﲻ˫أͷֱ
һ㶣漴ӦԸⵯңҽ˸Цѡɣүɲֽƽϵˡ
үεҡҡͷҹԹԾƯūţñӶˣô졣ҲԼ棬˴š
̧ͷȿүûвˣֿ࣬ʾŸվ
ˣүεĿġ
үôпūŵĶԺūŻΪҲֻЦܾ˿ء
ȿȣ˵ʲôأʲô˾˵ġүΣˣүԼӦ࣬үܾëëġ
үƱ硣ߣūŽ˵ˣԺҲԺסһءү˵ûˡ̸ʱƵүίзŭ
ȿȣүܰŸסԺˡү仰ȫǸԼҵȴۿ
ˮѸۣҲޣɾ̲סĸү˺ӣ˼үȴ˯
ۣүͻūţūŻˣ˱ˣˣҪūţūŵÿడ຿һɤӣĳˡ߳ڡ
꣬Ҹû޵ôĵġ
ɵ㣬ޣү壬վͨĶͷ
ѽˣѾɵˡ˽үȴæҵĺࡣ
Թԣޣޣүˣү㡣СĶСһѧϲޡ
֪ү仰ʹȸղźĸˡֱۡ˵˵үƽʱǿ̩ɽǰ治ɫӺʲô˵ˡ
үڻСūţūšһūŵģһߴſ޸
㲻ˣҪүô죬үˡүţȻԼҹԹôԼȥģԺȥˡ
ūţūţҪҪүӦӦūšһ£ūšͲˡ
һ仰˵Ķ϶ģҲû취֪ڿ޵ĵʱһʱͣġ

102үּ

ˣүӦˣȿڲ裬˳˳үԶ豭ݵߣүֺ˼ˮźõˡ
ƽٳ鴤ˣү˵
˵˵㣬ƽʱүаȥˣү˵˼𣿿޵ġ
ۼֿʼ鴤үæ͡Եĺ˰ۡź˿ɲǿˡæתƻ⡣
ԹԣҪүӦʲôء
үʣҲѺ֮ǰ뷨˵ˡ
үǰӦūţūūŷүɼǵá²ˣϾ͸˵ʱ˵ʲôˣʱպãүӦĻںɤӡ
үǵãҲûзڰ
ôūҲԷ𣿡
ţҲС
һһĻūүҲūŷūҪүӦġ˵žҪվүд
ү϶ඣ¡
£үǿǣֻҪԹԵģ֣úϢҲû׼ʹӦء
үû˵ǣలȫȥּΪͿԼӣǰҲãҲãԼ
ڻʼңŮҪλҪôĸҶԴйôʱˣҪôǵ»áһλ˫ӣڻʼҺټġλӦòѡ
Щүûж˵һϲ
ү˵֪ɹһ룬үԸСʱԼ
ūŻģūлүС磬СҲллꡱ
ˣɻèˣˣˮ
ϽĴһɾˮȥźϴ¡
ʱѾһ·ͷҲɸɾģΨ΢Ȧ˵ڸղſ޹
үкϢģղһͨڣ
ԹԵүԱߡ
磬үϸʰӣ㰢ְү֪ˣʰʶ㰢궥ǰմӶƷѲҦ׵ְµĽѲ
үԹԵԼĻ˲䱻ģ״֪ԼôˣԸ
𣿰ѲˣȻūŲ֪ѲǸĹְֻҪܸõΪհ£ΪүǣūŰԸ
໹治֪ѲǶĹ١ǰִһǬ¡½ϵĵӾ磬нܹѲִʡ߹١ǿǸСĹˡ
ү˵㰢Ǿ̰ٶѡүΪ˲˵ġү̹ġ
ТΪ壬عءÿμүǾүôȰ˵Тֻ˵ūţүǻӣӦд˴񡣡µү޻˵
ҾҲǶ԰ĹŰ
һֱĵޣүҲûȥ𴦣һҹߡ

103һ밲

ӣ񣬸Ϻ밲ˡҩ߽ڡ
ţ
ͿޢϸָǰκһһԹŸϵͷڷ
Ͻ쾹ȻҲˣԴӽϻ󣬻ûгԺô밲
ϻָͣһ幫ִСĵľϡľУһԺǶԶݸߡ
ʹԶɡ
ǡ
ϳʱ˲޽ҲûֻǷϡ
ȿϵǸϣΪ֪ʲô۾ſڵλ÷˸ϳʱһ۾Ϳˡӭ
ΪͻȻվĶ̫ˣ˶ſ˽
ūţร밲ร顣
°ɣ츻Ҳˡ״˵
ᵽԼϻֵ̿վ
ūűӦûร밲ģ˭֪ū岻ҽҪԴ̥ūţūŵѾöˣӦร밲รūŵӣūŲ
ϵһϯøͨ˳һ檸ร밲ӡ˭ϣһร檾͸檵Ĺأүĳ谮֪ء
㶮£ɡϻһתˡ
úýҲˡ
ⲻǶûร밲𣿼Ÿһˡ˵ǽϣλݱϸߣȻػ
ūŵòรסԺҪร밲ġ˵ϡһԼλݸôͬסһԺÿ밲Ǳģϻ֪ġ
⸻кͬסԺλݱߣҪǵöչ˸ϵӡ
ǣ֪˵⣬ȴЦѣڵıԺĶȲһģֻ檻ˡ
ţ븮磬ӦǡԽϽʱһߵϡ
ҲʲôҪԸߣ㰲ţϾͬźү
ūһжãͲรˡԼڸǰһֱС¶Լһ˽ġҪԺɹ㣬Ͳ֮ܲ
ĵĻҲ̸ˣؾļ¡ȴûкһֻǾš
һᣬϿʱˣ˶ˡ
ȴûߣ̲סʵ
ϣ㻹ʲô𣿡
รū˵껹ļūš
ϻ⣬ʾߡߵͷ
ﲻôɨˣȳȥɡ
ūŶȥֻʣ¸ϣϣϼˡ

104ɽ

ǰڸϽ¡ϿŸϵľٶûпڡ뿴ϵʲô
ūรһ¡ϼ޶ԣͷ߼ϳԼͷæĵ
ʲôء£ǲร϶ġ˵ǰ𸻲ϡ
ߣţǰʱŶ̥ھˣҲվŶ̥ášȻ˼ѾˣҲΪˡ
ūлรϷ״
ūรĸȫūԸ⺢ɲรֱ˵ԼĿģŸ߲รӦġ
ȷʵ뷨ȸүȵǣϾȻھˡ⸻ҲǸģ֪Լһ檲һܻԼȫ㰲ȫˣҲԼβԼڻڼܸˡ
㵹Ǵ֪һ˺ӣӵȥүģҪһˣүȴñ˷ˣҿô족
ģǴӻύɸλӷڸΨһһร˵үһѯūŽ˭ῼūŵԸģҲǶԺĸһֲ
һȷʵеģֻҪһƼԼԼʱûдĹүһӦġ
ãȻˣҴӦǣҪ˵ġڷˣһ֪Ϸˣʲôġ
ūŲҡϵͷȴɿ
ȥҵ͸ϣ͸ϻرԺ
˵ͻرԺҲ͵Ժſڡ
ūžˣรĻūźˣūžͲˡ
л߹ҺͲϼȥС
ߺ󣬸ϺͲϼԺķȥ
รô˵ūҲܽȥſڵȵĵġϼһΣһŸϡ
รӦˣӦġֻűԼĺӣʵڲܡΪһĸǲԼĺӽɱ˷ڵβɵᡣпһʬҲڹﻬµġΪ֣˻Ŀܸûһү谮ֻԼѰ󱣻
ʵȫǶˡĿǰԺǲиȥݺһиģҶǲôүԺ£֪ԼүСԺ½ϱԺϺ͸϶Ҫһӣǲڶ֣ϵġ˵ʱǰȫġȫǸԼ졣
ҲǱƲѣҪԼСūС֪ҲԹġϼο
ϣ˰ɡ
Ҳû˵һ·߻رԺ

105ȥĸ

Ժ
ӣҪϣ֪ҪϵúӣѵԺҪ¸ϣ
ȻҷӣǲĸϺȲһ٣۾ݶâһ
ϲżϵĺӻ¾ҪˣҪǸ񻹺ãǸ硭ǽôˡĻĶӣүѾܳˣ¸磬⸮ﻹŮʲôء˾ϰȻ
үԺôŮˣһܳɹģһָϡ
ūѾˡ취½ϣ˵˵Ժá߰ԭ
˵ĵغãҲǰӡ˵˻ţǸϾԲš
Ȼ˵ʱԼʱ˵ԼҹҪġû˼һܾˡȻԸүĴôԤı½ӦΪԼ·
ϵһˣ˴򽻵һҪСģ˵׼ͷҧһڡ
ūҲϣ򵥡ôӿҪ½
Ȼ½ȲҪǾͰôӲðײáϴĵƲ½ϵģݰһһƤҡ
ӣô򡣸С岻ãʱʱȫʹҲ͵һֵİĦɡ
½һʱ䣬ү˵ϱ߰㲻ٿ۾¡
Ժ
оô˵ģ˵ʲôʱүҳȥ½Ժס˺üˣÿҹ˾ʱܾôڿŵһһ޵Ĳ˯
˵ˣ߲รӦүҪһʱ䣬ү½ѾȫԼѾʵԼĴȫоүȥǲû˵оȥǨŭоˡ
û˵รʲôʱȥүء
ûС
ôʱˣ»ûаãǲΪԼүŮˣҾû취ˡܻĺ
оѾֲ֣½ʱ춼ֻҪִˣо½Ϸй
һᡣ½һͨŭûиı״ƽȻһץסо
оһΪ½Ҫʼ½ȴûֻץ
оһȥȥ㣬Ҳٴˡ˵˵ţ½ϱˡСûгԹֿࡣСòڣԺò޸ӻϣô½ҽҡϡСԼһжǸõġ裬װԼͬ綼ȲϡԼ½Ըү˭ֽ֡
½뵽޵ĸˡ
оȴɿūһȥϢɡ
ȥô⼸û

106Ϧڵ

ʱ³ߣϦڡ
ϦҲԴǶʱĳݡߡ롰ڡͬºվǡߡʱСǰաˮľǺһСסߡ롰гߡ˫֮⣬Ǹӡ±Ϊϲд¡Ϊϲڲе״дġʮߡ԰ʮֳơϲ١
ţ֯ŮİɽڣΪ棬ÿũ³ߣţ֯ŮȵŻᡱʱǾͻǰ£̧ͷǿգѰߵţǺ֯ŮǣϣܿһһȵᣬԼҲ֯ŮɣԼҲиö֮γϦڡ
ϦҹǴСﶼŵƽʣδɻŮŮСӱ߷ŻԸжκԵŮӺӱ߲١ÿµյ̯λǰҲﲻеһȥ̻ĶŮ̸̻˵
⾩ǵһжү۵סӺүΪչϵϴСԱؼҹϦүҲ⡣
ڹŴҲǴӣȫŮүһġ˽ϯڻδס˵Ժ
ЩȻǸϡҲǷ½ϵʱ
Щм䣬Сһ㡱վڴ룬ָū¡
ӣūŰˣѾˣʱСߴӵ߽ڸ϶ߡ
ǸƿҪôߣСˤˡɲϣԼϳ£ү졣
֪ˡȥɡҪڷ롣
үظȴֱȥ˶ԺǰԺѾֲˡүظûлǰԺôضȥ˶Ժ
ϴȥһڶһޣүҲûȥˡƽʱȥԺҲû޹Ϊ࣬಻ϲԼȴˡŻġ
үԺʱױ硣үֻĵȺˣҲүᵽŮ˵İ֮ʱá
ֱүɺĵ屭ˮʱŴ
۵СԴӤʣϻеĸףԵԲͷǼ򵥵СͷͷֻһڡĻĸѪ̶ɣҶȴѵõˮͷõ䡣һιض
Բ۾գգͣƤɰϱһֵȵԽӷۡԲԲıͷһ촽졣
ϴŷۺɫװװӿʹʱսӡĶԽˡ
˸˵ĸоԲԲġȺܿɰ˺޲ҧ
үڵĻûоӹˡԹԣԲ
ֻүĵһ仰滹˵үϲ

107˶ԲԲ

ΪүԼ˲ĲԡСϵЦϿ
Ϊū𣿡
ү֪ԼĻԼҹԹˣ̹ԹԿ޵ıģǸʱֻͶķݡǸϽͺá
Թүˣүôأү۰㶼ءүĻû˵ءү˵ԲԲԽԽ˰ˡ˲ˡүӦϦô
ҲһˣˣүȻˡ
ү˼ǣūŹϦ֪ү˼үԼŮ˵ɡ
㿴ү죬ү˵ˣү˼ǣүҪԹԹڵġЩ࣬ү˵ĺѹˣү˵
ðɣūξԭүˡָֻЦݡүһүԭ
үū˵ˣзŻƣµգ̻вٳԵģǲǡūŻûءȷʵûмôֵľɫ
ǰûѣûϦִϦҲǺ֣ŮһһɿȻƵ꿪Щ˵ġ
һҲֻж֣жٺĺóԵáȴû
Թȥү˵ҹԹԶΪǺóԵá
𣿡۾գգͣҫ۵ǡĽëСӣ۾գòүү̲ס˵ˡԡ
ԡüʱĳĿ⡣ʹӦˡ
ҲĶжүܴ㵽˼˵ĵطȥ
үԼ˵꣬ʧȥʵֲĽ˵
Թڲ㣬㰲Ȼӣүȥ
ллүָɵүԼһȷѡ
ˣôô㣬үȷʵԼҪʲôΣ谮λûҪΨҲӵĸȨˡ
үžūźߣүӵұ˵ЩǼٵģôܲء
ջ㶮أֲˡ㿴峯ǸӺԺŮү١Щڶµġү谮಻λԺǲܵģҲûе¡
ҲЩүҪʵ۵ˣҪг׷ͲûкԺԺŮ˶Ǹ͢ϵĹҹġ
ūž˵˵ѣүҲҪ⡱ָЦڲᣬȴҪǿջЦ
û취үͷͷúŵͷˡղŵŭȡ
үҪˣūŲõġ
үεջ֡ͷ˶СͷˡǸڶˣֻͷһ㡣

108˿ô

ͷںڹҲ֪ʱԵĺãǹŴŮ˷áͷܹ⻬ƽʱζҪŹ̶áºˣүһ࣬Ҫˡ
үȴµЦˡүģүֻ࣬ġ˵ֻڿбȻжᡣүô֪ôҵġ
ߣūҪȥױүںȼȻūšǳıүҪΪûү˺üˡ
үε豭Ϳڲ裬ס
ߡˡүӣ治ǹġ
үкյ裬ųүǰ˵Ĳ豭ܾȣ˵ṹôģôˮѵܣ򼱣˵үﶼûжһ߰յˡ
үûв
ûаôˡ
ûоø͡
Ҳûаүû
ҪҪһ¡
Թԣ㵽˵ʲôүü
û£ūⲻڲ㣬һҪʱ򣬸պò㡱һ仰Լˣοү
ͣͣͣүڲ㣬һҲ㣬㶼үˡ
ðɡˣүһү򼱿ɲ¡
ʰˣǾ߰ɡʱҲˡ
үѾʰ׵ּѾյա²ڶС߳ȥˡ
ӦΪ̫ˣһ·ߵļүҲաȫ¡Ȼ԰Ҳµ顣
ֳŮѵ롣Ψ½ûۿʱҪˣүȴٳû
ȥǰԺүүδǰԺŵūȴ˵үѾظʱּûү׼ʱȥ˶Ժ
֪󣬷ûôżˣүһһȺŮ˿ǳϵĶˡ
أүˣűַŵࡣ
˼ү
檣ūţү밲ү顣໹ûߵԼλء˶ѾˡҲǣҲǣɣſʲôӡɣ˼Ҳรء
үǲԸͦŴӹ񡣼໹û¡㿪ڵ
ڣɣҲɡ
ūлүֻԼʱһƺүΪүֻҪ˶ƺү
үûмƽϹҲ˻
รˣŵүתͷ׵ĸ˵
£Ȿǳ檵ķ¡ϺЦһĸɡүֱüԽˡ
Ҳ֪Լһʱʧˣæȵûţֻʱ渣޶ѡ
ʱүɫźõ㡣

109Ͳ

Ϧڣү׼̻һǶȥ԰ơƽĶүԼŮ˻ǲģֻҪүĵߡ
лүŮл
ŷʼϲˣÿ˶һĲˣҲнġүһ֮ʮ˵ˡʮĵˣรʮˡ˵ˣˣĵˡ͸ϵĲƷһġ
еĲ룬үȴûжӣµȻܳඡ
ֻүǰʳ֪ʲôүȴǣ֪ԼҹԹԵĵ˹ԣϲϲԣԼҪҪ취ԼҹԹԼӵˡ
үʳүθڡϼүĵǰһƫĲˣæʵԼŵĲүζˡ
үǵԼҹԹȳģŹӦúϿζٿ϶ЩƽԵģȽ嵭ԼҹԹɫ㣬ﲻء
ûУҲֻҲôˣԲҲ˷ѣȻϺ͸϶ˣôһˣʹ˰ɡ
ΪΪ͸ϻвرԴôΪƽʱûٸүȥԺȻ֪Ŀζ仯ɸϲ֪ԸĶЩ嵭Ĳˡ
ȥЩ˶ȥϺ͸ϡүָŹǱߣûָЩˡ
Ҳү˵ˣֱӶŹǺһϺ͵ϡٻʱ϶ľˡүָķΧڡ
һٶү⣬ﲻɵÿ񡣡ūţ֪Ĳ١ּĿڸնϵϡɵһЦ
ˣǶ԰ɡ˵ԼȳһڣԼٲӣԼҹԹԶ˾Ҫˮˡ
үճûãеСҪޡʱ뵽ʼĻʱûŪô£ںˣ֪ˡȥ㡣
˵Լȥ㣬˲˵ʲôϣͻȻ뿪˻ɡıﲻסˡ
ԵĽζүˬˣݺݵĵࡣ
ڳԵĻеĸоһֱĿ˱װү
̧ͷү©һЦүѡȻү̡ٴγүεЦЦ˵ⲻңʱˡ
Ӧүصġߡ
ȳԣүеСȥȥ˵Ҳ˷ӳת뿪첽ϣҲүô˸ջúõġ
үֻüүδڣүѾ˵š
үôˡʻǽϡ
ǳ͢ϵ£Ҫүȥ죬Ǹ˼Ҳ棬ǼˡλߵģشȻҲ

110

һᣬүˡŵȴһı顣ү𼱻ǵĳȥΪʲôءүҪĴ£Ҳա
ǲүȥˡϯ룬е輧һһүʱ鵹ãʱΪ½á
輧ǶºǹЦ
ūŽϦǸӣͬͬϦʵūǵ¡ūʱүһ¡Ҳȫ⿤Ůͬүڡ
˵үˣһܺԼҹԹһ𵥶ϦǸˡ
ڶŮֻ½һû½Ҳүһʱ䣬½ҲϦˡϽҪĿġ
ү⻰üͷɽ½еӡġ˳Ĳеүǽ½ˡ
үӣ֪Ϸǻ˵Ĳ½Ҳү㲻ˣҲ֪ˡԺ󶨲ٷ
ϼүݼϦڣһֵŮεӣ½ȴ㣬볼һ½Ҳүǰ谮ģźүһϦء
˵⣬ϱ㲻ٶ˵˵Ҫүˡ
ЦЩŮ˾Ȼʼˣг
ǰүร˵ū˵ġūС½һ𳤴½϶ūźܺáū֪½һֱүϦġ
үǰǾ죬ļʱŷϺ½ߵѾߡ
ԭ½ϸǰѾߡ
Ͼȵ̧ͷһֱΪү֪ѵү֪Լ˭
ǵġӳ󣬵ͷڵסһŵ
Ǿ½ϸò÷ųүεˡλݲߡ˼Ҹ߲รַ֧ųܲܺͲรŸɰɡ
Ǿòร˵˼ͬųˡ
½ϱҲûʲôүҲ½϶ãѾλݣ͵Ǹѵ
Ȼˣ½Ͼͽ˽㡣һȥˡŮ˶ˣһүҲûʲôо
ݺݵЦүӣ½ϳ󻹲֪ҪôأʱڵáֻҪǵԼ½ϵҲܡ
½ϵʱϯѾβү׼ȥ԰̻½ϸոһȥ
Ҳôõһμ½ϡյĸ߰Ѿĥûˣ۾ɫƣԵӪҲֻǹؾصģûյš
˵һߵ԰ĬĬĴһ쳣

111˭Ѵ̳

࿴һʵģϲ̻𣬿ҪүһȺŮһͣǵϲ˲仯ΪСȥ˯ʵڡ
үһĿһ붼ϣʱȱȱһߵ˽һĵҡҡеӣȴǷˣԵ͸ˡүεЦЦԼһ͵ˡ
үͻȻ뵽үеҪǼɡүߵĸ˵˵ҲȸϷӳתߡ
·ǰԵͣ¡൲үȥ·ȴү߹ʱСĶ˵үڶԺ㡣
˲䷴ӳȸү·үײӰʱŶԸ˵รūӲʣȻȥϢ
ҲδȻӲʾͻȥЪŰɡ
ūŸˡ
صԺʱү˺һˡ
ˡ
ȥүʱվڸ̨֮ϣңң
үôȥඣѵ԰ķ羰ûпūⶫԺҲ໺£²ӡѲˮݸ࣬Ϊȷ硣
ԽԽȣ໹УʱʱоѰߵȷ硣
үȴĻ֮⣬ɵˬһЦСѾͷˡ
԰ӹ֬׷۸ôܱȵ϶ԺĽοɰأԹ˵ǲ
˻ˢһºˡҲ֪ȵĻߵġ
ӹ֬׷Ҳүͷء
ʲôζԹԣšү˵껹ʹӡ಻ҲʹڿᡣʲôҲûŵ̧첲ʹ£ûС
ʲôζūôûŵүһı飬ŵӡѵԼʧˡ
໹תͷǣ˽ҡͷʲôûŵ
ҶĿߴүүŵһζ˭Ѵ̳ˡ
ү仰һͷڶүһ˵ŲĻĺĸء
ūŻûŵζЦһ㶼Ц
ЦүѿǡԹһ㶼ˡ
ү˵ūⲱӶˡүһֱûֻͷͬү졣
ү˵ûп԰ľɫūŶˣү档
㰡㣬үⲻһʱ
үͬһ洵硣ﻹ԰̻
ү߽£̧ͷͿͷϸϸܵĺ顣ùϵϸϸĲɾ
ͷǺˣôūŶϱء
áǸղһ·ϻ˵㺹£һϴϴɲھҪϱ˼үûءһ檸ˡ

112ԲۣүŤ

ɵ㣬˾ãүܲ㶫үεĹιǡ
ȥϱ
ǡֻҪүһЩ˶Ҫˡ
ллүʱҲ֪ôˣǳҲĲУһ۵Ļšʲôѯʹ̫ҽ̫ҽ˵ӦڵһЩ֢״Ϊ˫̥Ҫࡣ
죬̻Ҳֵס˯⡣ۿҪԵˣүۼֿһסֱ´Դ漴ߣ׼ᱧࡣ
ү䣬һַྱһַ˫䴦ʹȴ˿
٣С椣үŻˡ
ү͹أҲ˵ˣҪǶ̫ˡһ˻汧𣬿үһˡʼҰСʦϰգүǸѧ֮ˣҲһСˡڵǿԵġ
ү׼һΡ첲һǳɡ
ġһүɫŤݺһ䡣ԲۣŤˡ
Ӧڸղ͵ʱŤˡȻأǻе۰
ү壬ȻǲԭⲻķŻȥôҲ÷Ŵȥ
లȵ˯ϴĲűӺ˯ʱүݺݵСƨɡûĵģʱ˯ðȣԼеˡ
ȥүƿŤ˵ҩ
һүҪȡҩƣٿ˯ðȣزӣôүˡŻһŲġ
үôˣŤˣūȥ̫ҽ
Сһ㡱үѹѵ⵽
죬ū⻹ǵûİӳඡ
үû£ôҽȥЩҩǡȻүѾ˵ˣһūֻ׼ȥʱүпˡ
²⴫֪
ǣū֪ˡү˵ˣôܻأ޷ǾΪôүһʰ磬֪ˣôӻܺùչ˲үǿǴοˡ
ˣү˵Ĳأеѡ
Թԣӣһ˯뵽˲ٺϴҹ׼ڡ
Ҫ˼Ҫ˯ˣүҲ˯һѱסү֣ˮˮ۵С䡣ȫûҪѵļ
үεҡҡͷĲĽࡣôֻˡʵүȫȥүһκ¡Եˮʱүˡү첲Զ֡

113

үūҩˡүӣ۵ͷ󺹡
⻹һźˣǱźźء
ýɡźүԡ£ϲ˵ҩƣϵ˴үദе࣬Ǻء
ˣȥɣ£ҪүκζԹԹԲõۡүѹĵĻҪһ¡
ūŶүС˵ԼһūǲҴС˵˳ڣҹ
үӵ뿪һֱ˯Դʱһ֪
үϴ˯ȥҲһˡ
ȥۼС¹Ƽˡæ߹ȥҲǸҹģⲻǿȥ䡣
үүֵСС¹СūţҪһүү
ɲô񶶶ӡǶԺūţźش
үүүһˣҲۻ˰ɣأүүҪȥϢᣬү·Ըūȥ㡣үǰĺˣͽûд
ⲻðɣү⡭
үүģһҲأҲأҲءû˵꣬С¹ӻ
ðɣСǸõģҼסˡҲѣүһϢҲûʲô£˵ҲС¹˵ģһҲأҲء
峿үҲԺˡ
үôҪˡ˯ѵСèСүĲС
Ҳڸ·ǰһҿᣡʹ˳ĳ
ԹԣүˡԺ౻үһͨ࣬˲һ롣
ūԼѵġūүôô͵˯ˡԴ̫ѵŬҪ¡
յı飬ү̲סԼħצˮˮ۵С
ĳСү˵ŻأͲ֪˯ˣүϴġ
һүԼϴСһ֣˫ǰסүүá˵үǰ
˻ү͵رܱŪŤĵط
үôˡүɵ̧ͷүǲūű̫ˡΪԼ³Ūʹүˡ
үôүû£͵һҲĶôүۼĽ˫ִȡԹҪ˯һᡱ
үһͬģѾˣǻ˯š
ūŲ˯ˣүȥ°ɣһỹҪȥϳءү뿪ߣԼȴŶڴ߿ү¡
үһʰˣͷʱֻͷŴͷŶ˯ˡ
үεЦЦ˵˯ˣŶ㹦򰡣˯ˡ£ȥʱ겻Ҫ࣬Űĵϳȥˡ

114ūžū

һߣԺŮ˸ߡ
ӣ˵үڶԺ޵ġϰĦ̫Ѩ
ͷϣƣΪүԺģϾϯԼٰģүԼ࣬ϹԺҲӦõģȴ뾹Ȼȥ˶Ժ
ϡֺݺݵӣǰ㣬ָһ¹ס޽ǵͷ
˻쵰ôĦģʹˡϱϼͷݺݵĻعͷˣߡ
ŵáˡڵϣūŸ𷣡
ϼڵϵһ꣬ɣȥһ˾
ǡվ߳ȥʱͷϣɲȥùͷ
Ͼţ֪뵽ʲôһˣһŭһ㣬һ̶̵һᡣϵıӸ˿ĵݶձ鶨ںݶ
ӣˡ˵Ȼߣҩ
ýɡԼʹ˿ʲô
ūŸร밲ร顱ϹؾصĹ
ɣױ
վԶߵǡ漴߽ϵһͷĴͷᵽβÿͷϸСġվһߵһֱû˵Ͱվš
ϵͷ˿׼̷ʱϿˡ°ɣǰûǲ
̧ͷһۣɲ˵Ķأǡ˵꣬˺һϵӣ͵ǰ
һ㶣û뵽รҲû˵Լǰǳ½ͷԼѾүˣ˵ҲǸūţҲû˼ͷġ
ôҼھʹˡ㲻ҪˣүĴҲֻһ檣ϻǸūš
⻰˵ģǸսҩһֱƲϣһūųģүĴΪԼǸˡ
˵ŻеӣϵС
һиϿȴûֹҩΪ
ҩ˵ģūžǲรūţūŸղûоôźรױ硣ѹĵ׵÷ŭԴү֮үҲûˡڻܵรˡ
һүϵĳ谮ӵеһУӵУǸʱ˭Լ
뵽⣬Ͼ;ҲûôԽˡ
źรūŵĸǻвԸġ˵Сϵĳ
รͷƯںβҲǼģһͷϺɫķΣõĲรοˣɷЩǰҲûٶ½˵˵

115ĺ

ţ˵Ĳ͸ˣŰɣʣµľġִױóһ֧
½ϷеĶ˫ֽӹūлรʹ͡л֮½ϰվڸһԡ
ƣĿԼױݣִһ̽𻤼ףֱֵֻСĴָָϡ
ߣǰš߲š½ϸں档
ɣʲô¡϶豭ҿߣȥһҶһСڡ
ร˵ˣүȥ˶Ժ
ỹãһϾһӻصķ²豭Ӻ֮䷢ײǵһ
֪Ҫǽ˵ģô͹š
รϢŭ֪ʱүһ뿪԰ֱȥ˶ԺģûлǰԺҪ˵ģԺˣ֪ˡ
ʲôϣֲãүǰŸߣž˵Ӳʣԭ͹үȥԺءһСϡ
թһϢɱȸղŸˡϾͲģ˵ʲôʱͲˡ
ҽˡ
รģūѾ׼ˡ϶»ڴģֻҪϲˣôĳͷ֮ա
ãĺá綾߰ض⡣һӴϵ񣬲ɵһ飬оԼǶ߿ʳ
ūһỹҪȥԺ½ϣȲŲรϢɣūŸˡϾԼǸϽ뿪ĺãɲĺݵĲรһ
ջԼĿ⣬˲ضׯͻݵĸ߲รȥɡ
Ժ
ʱĸѾˣǰʱ£ʹ˾һֱãھˣһʱҲûָܻ
ūŽȥ˵ϼ֪ԼҪڣ˵˹ġǲ˵ﵽʱҲ֪ġ
ôˣµġϴеĻ̧ͷ˲ϼһۣмϵĻ
ûµʱͰС·ԺӲԴԼ·Ҳǲġ
ѽ涼˵үס˶ԺϼԼĹżԼҹӣӡ⿤ƽء
һϢһʧָѪָ˲۵䡣
Ǻܺðү谮Ǹﶼ֪ģʲôСֵġ
һָŵòϼ۴СѪˣ˵ūˣ˰ɡϼһϵĶû
ɾӣɾָѪŷ˿ڲ
˵ĲأҪūž͸ܷˡ
˵ôš
ϼ渻ϴϵ˽˵

116Ȳϵ

Ϧүͬ˯һݵģûиҲвรأôֵˡ
ϼҲ渻ϵĶҪʲôֻҪþͳɡ
⻰ɲҪ˵ȥү²һū۵ġǰи½ϣ½ϺûǸ񣬿ڣ⻰ȥ±½ϻҡ
ϿɲŻϼǣǴӴгģ֪ʱһĵûпҪһС
ū֪ˣūŲø˵𣿡
ʵϼҲû˵ʼصٶŮȲһӵŮ˵ոĵλҲǲɺġ
ÿһʮ廹һЩӰүǣ϶ҪȥԺҹġϦڸһӣŮһԤʾһӺϺ޺
үûе޵ģһԼסǰԺҪȥλݸߵŮԺû˵ȥȻЩûĹ涨ҲǲĵĹء
ˣ֪ϣҺãĿǰҲȥ裬ж˶ڴҶӵע⣬ǰ˭ĬĬŵء
ϼһͨ͡˲ȻҲھϵ¡˵ҲŶ
ЦЦٴͶ뵽С·ĻС
Ժ˯ʱĻתѡ
ˣѾ׼ˡ
ҿж֪Ӯˣҿź𴲡
ţһ˯а˸ˣΪԵĺãرµʱʱҪ˰æͱڡ
꣬ˡ
ꡰ͡һЦˣСԼ޷ܾ˵Ҳþܾ
ūˡ
꣬ܲܲҪ¶ݡоΣ𴲶Ҫ˷ԼԶˡ
ǰԼУ԰ɵĹھүˣˡ
ūſɲЦ꼱æ˵ǾùӺܿɰ
෭ۣŲ˵ء
ŶˣҶظ˻ء
ҶظҶƽʱ˲ûйĽ飬ôˡ
ūŲ֪
ˣҲױˣ߰ɣȥֻϴˣͷûʱֻҪȥͷӾأͷϻҪͷͷƤˡ
һͿҶϴߵںȲ衣
ˣôأøȾˡ໰ꡣ
ҶϿಢû˼ҲǸӶѣԼҲܲǺô
òҪûȥû˱˯ҪúϢǣҲ̫ˡ

117ҶС·

ūʲô¡ҲҶϺѡ
һסǶСԺҲ¿ⲻü˼Сӵ·Ҷʾ㽫еĶ򿪡
ʱע⵽ﻹһ
ǰڰ֮ϡ򿪰ķԼĪѣڿԴġĲھ³첻¡Ҷ·պǸʱ򴩡
һ·ʣʺС۵ļɫҲܺãǽɫŮԴʽҲɰǺϲ
ÿɱӴ׾Ŷˣ·滹˫ͷЬСñӡʱõСɶСԣе·Ѱ·ŲſѹĻͷЬСñӣɰĲˡ
ÿɰͷЩˣūϲѡཫϵｻպáԼҶ졣
ô⣬ŻûðɣҪūһԵ㡣
ˣһҲˣһ͸ȥͲ߶ˡ
Ҷ˵æȥ͡
Ҷ뿪ԺӺŶ˵
֣鷳һ¡
ǡȻ֪˼಻˵Ҳ˽ȥ鿴
һᣬֻ
һжû⡱
ûʲô밡߰Ҳûʲôĩ֮Ķ𣿡ҪԾ֮ĶȾ֮źԺŮˡ
ûУɸɾ
ǺãպˣʱСϡǾɰıʱ˫ָԲԲĶӣɢĸ
ֿҲοΪԼҹ￪ġڻʼҺŮ˻ô⣬ЩŮ˲裬ҪôĶǣûȥݺˡܸɾүĵطɡ
ȥŰɡ
áվͷһѣΣоתйɶĸСҺһֱ󣬼ʱס࣬Ҫһƨȥˡ
ôˣȥҸҽ
ŴͱֵĽһиҽ붼û룬Ժ
֣û£еΡ౾ִֹҽһһڶû¹ʱ²ǳ°ɣǿˡ
£ıÿͣҪӪ࣬ĸ廹ܳܵסǺ£Ѿͣʱ£ĸղӪΣգ໹ӡп
ûֹ֡

118鲻֮

Ϊڸҽĺܿ졣ҽԼʮңһ·ϱܣоȶԼˡ
ʲôʡ۹ۣɲҪƵģοү谮Ůˡ
ǹѣΣġشҽ֣ỹûء
ݹûʲôֻ֮ʱʱԵ鲻㡣Ϸʱûҽ˲ͷϲں
ӹˮ˼ڣࡣ
ҽûпʱء
ݹ֢״££Ҫ׼Ȼ彫޷̥ȡʱĸӽΣաһ̥˸Ѿ͡ڴ߲ԺӴ˶Ǻõġ
ҽҲǵһΪƽʱǹ̫ҽ⣬ͽҽҽҲǸԼľ˵ġ
ȻҲøҽ˼²߲Ļܱ֤Сʱ䳤˾˵ˡ
ҽ»㱣ܡһῼǵġĸҽҽḻ˱үҽ
ҽ˵ģҲЩԥǰĺӻԷŽҽԺı䣬涼޾ģÿ컹רŵҽڹŴûҽϸֳ죬ĺӵֿãز۵Ҳ١
Ŵ˵뷨죬زĺֻ˵ûǸ
࿼ǵģھúӶԼӶһЩʱ䣬ǳܺõ㡣
ǺðɣūŸ￪̨Ԫҩоǹڻû³õ㡣ҪǹˣǵҪţ֤˺ͺӵӪ
ҽҲϴֻ߲һЩȵġҲĿǰЧġ
лҽ֪ˡ͸ҽȥ˳ȥҩ
ȥûȥΪҪ꽻ҽģû˵Ҳ֪궮˼
ǣҽ롣Ÿҽ߳ȥǰԺûˡ
Ŵͳһĺɰ
ҽţǹĸлֻҽ֮²Ҫȥ
ҽҲǸ˾Ȼ֪ӺԺˮڼȻнڲ룬ǰͲءֽӹĺɰ
ѯ֮£ūŻʵ˵ġġҽ˵⻰ʱŴ
ҽϵҲٶ˵ֻҽȥҩץҩ
ҽߺ󣬶ԺԼ˼ֻΪġɵȰ
Ҫȥҽɣ˵ҽֻΣأ

119ɽɺ

ֲˣȥ׼ĶԱʱ֮衣໹ҪδѡҲ˵ʲôʱҪˡ
ģЩūһͱˡǹ׼ү𣿡ֵĵү߲ý
룬ûǵү֪ϾС£ˣүҲѹʡС
һԸүģҪǣҶˡǰһ뻹صģһֱֹۣࡣ
ԣҲһ㵣תе찡Ƿϣû̻̲ˡ
㵹һЦѾ׼ãھͿȥˡ
ԼҹǸģԼͶĺӿЦġ˵ֱ㲻ٶԡ
ʹǬšŵĹ㳡ϣվԱӺүǬ£үүүүվǰ棬վӺүĸ͢ˡ
б࣬ޱ˳ʢǰһ͡ʢһáб࣬ޱ˳Ǭǰط㣬Ȼ˶൫ȴѻȸԲʢĻ
бࡱ˵ͷҷߡӶƷѲٷ
ɽѲ֮ء
кҪ࣬ȿȡӺү˵Ÿÿ˼İʱʱġֻҩš
ϣɽնظɺׯҿһһѾˣɻ޲
ȿȣô£ȿȣôڲϱǱ龪ˣҲǱ֮ˣӺүȸͣ
ʰϢŭү
ϿһԼӣְŵɽѲϡ
ϣϳԳֺʱԵӣһֱûȵϻظϳŸϻࡣ֮Ҳ֪ô£ҲûʱȥᣬҪźá
ðȿȡ޻淢ô飬޵ĺóӾȻ˽¡ȿȡ
ϢŭȺ̿֡Ҳ֪¡
ȿȣ˽֮ȥ飬ȿȣɽúϣȥȿȡӺ˹ʢˮ˼ڣʱŸо˳˲١
ּ˫ֱȭּ
˴ȥɽǶɽѲͬУӹⲦһǧ֣˵ȥճ
ּүٴ
λ䣬ɻбࡣ
Ĭûµ˼ʢ״æ˳
ȹͻϡ
ڴ󳼽үȴҪȥΪճ׼

120غ˾ͽˮ

ⲻ֪빬󣬻һȴŻŵȥ
үʱʱײײģһ·ϲ֪ײ̫๬ŮҲǸŭԡ
ү顱ִǰүŵģ֪ǳʲôˣ˲үײ˻ʺ
֣񣬻ʶүԼǹ֣æʵ
Ϣأ֪үʲô𣿡
鷳ȥʶ˵ʱ밲ˡ
ּүţ밲˳£һʺġ
үԵһᣬͽȥͨ
͹ˡ
߽ڣʺ֡
һֽϾдһ̡֣ġġûдꡣ˹֣һֱţ֪ʺֵʱϲţûп˵ǻʺ󿪿ˡ
ʲôˣʱ
Ȼڻʺ￪ѯˣǲ
ү
ʱұ£ʺ±ʵһ١
ūŲ֪ūүţǡµĻûھͱʺߡ
ִˡֽϵġ̡֣һΪʺͣѾȾˡϡ
ûһ˵£ǻĽϵıˤϡ
нҵҪָʲô鷳
ֳȥһᣬүһ
ʶ밲ʶＪ顱үһ͸ʺ
ɣ˵ɣʲô£⸱ӳɺͳ
ʶȾҡ˵صĹȥˡ
ʺһ⡱»С
ǰһӡ
ʲôӡʺæʣС»ãҪǴǾˡ
֪ⱾôҪֻΪǼСʱ˾ˡ
㵹˵дʲôʺ޲˿ʱԴ浽ôġ
˵ɽմ󺵣ţغ˽ˮôС³˾ˡүڻʺŭ£ΡΡ˵ꡣ
ʺһ㱻үϸඡ
ôˡּʱסʺ󡣶ˮιʺ£ʺŻ
ʶû°ɡʺҲүŵòᡣ
޴㣬㡱ʺ󶼲֪ôүˡʰ귢ûУûзֵĻķŻȥˡϣûз֣ҪʱҪˣԼҲҪǣһŮ˼Ҷ֪ǲϵģܴС
ɽѲʰ˵˴£ʰŭ顣ʶ취Ⱦȶүֻ֪ʰ£¹شġô鵽ô졣
Ҫô㰡

121ǼС

ʱĵӺүϣվ
ô鵽޻˭ô󵨡
ϣҪˣģⲻ黹ãһͰѻϵĶӲˣҪô
˵
ǣ²飬ǰһʱ䣬Ϊλүֱ˼λүһЩӣⱾӾСͣϵı顣
ôһ£ҲֻǿĻԼģʱûмⱾۡĪǡ
ϲµˣⱾ͵үˣͻʱͱүµġһֱ͵ϣһŭ֪ǲµˡ
ˣȥް
ǡ
ӺүһһΪΣҪΪʱʱھȻ̵һ˲֪صöӣɽشˣΪӡΪһӡ
һᣬүĵʺʱں棬Ҫһȥʢ档
ʺ磬ܽȥ
鷳չȥ밲ʺҲӲֻʢͨ
ǡ
ʶҡүʱʺ
ū߰ɣүء
ʢߴţҲƲ磬֪
үһȥű߾ˤһ豭ŵͨһڵϡ
Ҳһ˵ĻҪ˵ģүлʺĵվأ˵Ǹү밲
վ棬úĻҪõĶӶʲô
Ļʺĵﴫϵŭ֪ˡæڵ
ʡʰ֪֪꣬ˡһ仰ү˵Ķ϶ˡҲ֪ССһ¾ûʰŭ
ˣޣ˰˵Ӻүȫһ˶ʱˡүʮ㡣
ʰ֪꣬ˣȫǡΪ˻ʰ갡үԴصĿڵذϣ̧ͷ
Ϊޣ˴ΪޣΪûԼ崦
ӺүǱˣǰỳɺʱʲô治֮£ںиʺڡ
ҪΪ֪ʺڳּʱΪ
д治֮ģʰʱˡ
˵˵ôΪʲô
ʱ̧ӣ˵һЩۣ;ʵǸС£ǸɺôЩũཽˮˣΪ»ͷʰ꣬ʵڲӦáүΪ˻ʰģʰӦò˰ɡ

122޳¾

ǰ鷿ѧʲô˴¾˵С¡ȥѽϰ̫޺ݺݵĴ򣬶ѻӽ̳ʲôˡӺүԩ̫ˣͬʱ̼λ磬˼Ҷúõģүϣô졣
ʱ֪࣬Ϊӣ˽ۣΪӣ˲Ҳ֮ˣʵ˲Ϊ¾ʢּ
ӺүһŵүϲסĲҴ
ʢ̧ͷǡ˵ЩūҪѧˣҪʱڣҪʱ򣬾ҪѧήԼĴڸС
ӺʱԽȥƴӣΪˣƾӾԺý
Ӻү˵꣬ڵүѾˣʰǲҪԼˡ
ʰ֪ˣĶӰܲҪʰꡱ
ȥɡ
ӺүҲԼ˽ģ뽫ʱΪλɥֻҪʱǻӣʺͻ᲻ϧһдۣʱᴢ
ʤܶӺү뿴ģʤǾζŽĻ˸һôζп˸
ⲻӺүҪĽʱӺү޳¾ϣԺǣһӶסˡ
үʱʰ꣬ܲҪ֪ˡ
ʺһֱţֻĵԼԼСһֱżϣ֮Դᷢʱ
ʱųĵ⡱һ¡
ʱǻϵĻӣʺǳүļ
ػʺүּ⡣ĵֻϵĻ˶ǹ¹졣
ǻϲˣҲ˶Դ
ʺ󻰻û˵꣬ʱ·𿴼ǰģѣڻʺǰ
ʶȥʰ꣬ʰҪĴˣʶ
ʱһʺӻˡ
ģŭʱҲǻϵ׶ӣλͷһӣһġ
ʺǲţԼοԼ
ʱˣϻһʥּ
վүȥʢȻܲµ淢ʲô¡һūţȻֱʻʺǾֻмඡ
ǣܹܣūү뿪
ҲߣǻʰĶӣӣǲܡ
ʱҪ϶ǲԸġ
ء

123Ĵ

ʺʢԼһͨŭ𣬵ڲܷҪʡ
ʢɷ߱ʲô£ʺѹԼӿͷŭ𡣡ʱǻϵӣڱǴϵ
ʺ˵Цˣǻūǿɲ
ʢǹˣԲĽ׻ȥү
ʺĿŲʱϡʱ淢ʲô£
ʱʱ޵ĲѣһѣĻʺӶֱüʾֽʱ
ʱӹɾϵգŶ϶˵
ʰꡭҪ޳޳¾ϡ
ʲôⲻܣǻϵ׶ӣô˵޳޳Ҫϡ˵žĵﴳ
ʺܽȥûټܽȥʢʱסʺ
ÿﹷūžǴͨˣô᲻Ҫ׶ӡҪϣǵԴ
ʺʼղʢ˵ġ
ʺҲΪūǣūŵĿүϳʥּūھҪȥ˸޳ү
λʺٲҲˣʢŵĿλεʥּʥּ˼ٵġ
ˣˣʱǻӣôûлˡʺ󻺻ڵءŹŵĹֺͺʱ
϶ǳ檽̵ƣͷ檣ܲҪԼ׶Ӱʺ޺ţϣϿջس
ʱĵڴӺүŭ㻹ޣ޺úõĶӽ޽̳һӣĵޡ
ϣǳ檵ĴԺʱᷢ䡣ʺֻҪʱǻӣôлᣬһʱ
ǣȷʵĴӺүӵ߳
ʵ뿪ھүļˣһ⳼￴ϷҲáүͷϣҿ뿪ֻⳡʼҴϷ
Դӽʺһｻʢȥ
ǡʢ֣߻ʺ
ʺڻϵĻ˵ɵˣҪԼĺλڻʺڼ˳Ĵ߻ʺ
ŲԸ뿪ĺʱ
ʰ˼ǰ¾ﶼȥû˻ʺıӣźʱ뿪ĵ
ûˣ뿪үҲû΢ˣ΢ˡ
Ӻۻӻ¡ԼĵįıӰһᣬûǸ׺ĲҪԼӵģүԼ⡣

124

үظʱϣȥร˵ԭ򣬶ԼֱȥĶԺ
үʱǽʱҪעȻҽһε裬ĿȾҲ֪֪ʶֻǸһЩֵ֢״ԺԷһ
үҲС֣оƽ͸
нܶ࣬үϽ˵ſڱš
үˣеǹ𣿡࿿ϡЦеү
ү⸱ģЩЦͬʱҲЩůһ죬صи˶꺮ůǶôĺáү֪ĽΪԼˣҵСҡ
е£ɽسָɺأʰҺͬȥ˳֡үߣһֻԲСһḧԲĶӡ
ܵĿүĻүʲôʱ󿮶ð
ߣҲǺ˵ġ
һүôżҲүˣֱӶү˵ôϣūŻ໹û˵أֶŲˮˡ
үĶظŻˣϵĶͶүһͨ
ϣҵүɲôĶӡ
үһҲֵĻִĶÿʵ
ΪΣ
ү֪кڣ̥̥ĸ׶ﶯȥҲ֪ǲΪʲôүƽʱҲأҲûֹ
ƽʱĸҲû£Ǵظ˵Сġʱ׹ǰҲͦ˵
ʱȥеı㣬а˾ŸµˣĴӣֹˡ
ʱ˵࣬㲻Ķӣڸ״̼ӹ¼ԹַƵ̫ȷ
ȥƤߴ̼ܻƾ׵ˣˣӹٴ̥
Ļ˵һ㣬뵽ﻹе˸У֪֪Լʱʲô顣
Ӧûѻеһ֪ʶҪ˵ɣⲻǲܳԡ
ˡԼϤʱŲеӡ
ү֪ԹûвĵطүʵүŵݣɵһǰӣԽү̳еˣϹ
⻰
ǲƵӵģʱҽ˵ġ

125ү

Ķжڿʼү
үҪģūû¡Ȼ֪еǹ˿ɲ֪ദڼп£ֲŻôĵġ
û¾ͺãүԺסġүĶӱ֤
үľٶһЦ뵽ҽ˵ĻүҪ뿪ȥɽ⻹֪ʲôʱܻء֮²үˣǽ˵ĺá
Ҫڣ洫үū
ɡүʱһǲԼġ漴
ֿ࣬֡ථ˼ڳȥأү˵£ֱ˵ɡ
Ҫǲ֪£һ½ԼߣֱԺ˵³Ҷ֪¡
Ȼү˵ˣҲֱ˵
չ˵ү˽ɽѲۣ˲鵽ŭүĻƴӣ޳¾ϣϵԺˣλˣˡ
˻һү𾪣׻ʰôĺݲԼӡƽʱҲȥƴӣ˸ˡүֱ
ֻ֪ʷʱȷʵǱӺү˻ƴӣǹ̸˰үطTǰ¾ȴˡ
ôأʰϥºӲ࣬˴۰ӵģȷʵĲԣҲܷôаɡ˵ʲôˡ
ʥּ˵ү֪࣬Ϊӣ˽ۣΪӣҲ֮ˡʥּ˵ү
뵽ʲôȴһûץסҲ֪Ӻүôˡ
Ա໹ڰοүүҲ˵ˣһ۰ӣô϶Լ뷨үֻҪҾС
һȰοүȻʣǰԼֻҪԵʰ꣬Ե°գͲ
ү֪ˣҲҡү¶΢΢ЦݣˣҪү˵ʲôš
һǴˣҪǵүˣǾͲðˡ
үūŽ첻ҽ
໰տͷֱүˡ
ﲻǲСǵ㲻ү˽ţɵúЦ
㻹Цó˴ôҲ֪ͨүأںõҪǽҽ
ۼүҪȥҽżʱס
үū˵ꡣ츮ҽ˵ūпܳ·ӦүҪſʣͱֹˡ

126׼һ

ū֪үҪʲô²ǰ𣿡үͷ˵
еĶಿǰڣҲڣʵڣūŲҵľЩˡүʾôӦиеġ
үı飬֪үʲôǼ˵
ΪūŻ˫̥ĻпܹСӪڱҪӪʱǼ̥ūźСΣգʱūСᱣס˸ҽū
ү̲סˣԼҹԹʱпѲ뵽ֳү;Լܵ޷
үϰҽΪ߲үϣСǳ¡ǹԹԣү²ΪүҪҪȥɽһ˵ġүϣԼ
үصģūڵһʱ䣬̫С岻ãūھǸеģʣūŻȵүؾġలοүͬʱҲڰοԼŶıһġ
ūŶСҲͬūһϣһͼꡣ
Ҳ֪Ҫ೤ʱأҪүϲүû˵꣬ͱ
ūϣү԰źţ̫ҽĸһʱҪˣūūŶӹūš뷨Ǹո뵽ģүڸﵽʱڽʱıˡ׽ԼŰġ
Ȼ㵽үڸʲôȥҶŶġĸүҺˣס㶫Ժʱ׼ţЩ˶үѡģá
˵ģүҺˣǵ
ūžͷˣүȥҪһСġѾү˵ˣʱһϮүæ˷ȥϢ
ǰ಻˯ģʱ䶼˯ú磬оûо
˯ɡ
ү֮ǰͲ˷ϴˣֱϴ˯ǡ
ү˯ź߳ңЩ·Ը
үȥɽڸоȥĸŶӽҲ
˳ȥ˵Ҳڼ䣬κ˲Ժ
үһһһӦպûȥԺأյԺͱͨŵסˣżææ˶Ժ
պһȥԺ

127үڶԺ

Ժ
ʱ˵Ҳ˳ȴүȥ˶ԺүӦûԺɡ
ϽҲͬ뷨Ҳͳ̷үһôˣүҲร
ӣ񹫹ˡҩһֱվſڳÿԿԺš߽㼰ʱϡ
үˡϻΪүأү̫࣬үȥһҲڣԺүȻҲڡ
ʱ򣬾ͼ߲รЦݵĶһ£оĸ߲รÿ
ūŸร밲ؾصĸһ檣ǲøģˣ˭˼ү谮ء
Ҳ⣬⣬
ɣүأһ𣿡Цɡ
زรү첻˵꣬ϵɫ˳䣬ﲻϣ˵𣬸ղ̫߳รЦôģϣˣѹЦã
к¡ȻүҲЦһūšʵ
үлรү£Ҫġ
үҪȥɽ֣һͲรţүȥɽŮһҲȥү˵ڼκ˲ôϳԺҪรúչϼ϶ĺӣү˵һ˫һӣκβһԼӵģүһҲôġ
ǰһλ£ûУһรƼӦõģүȻŮӰȫĻֱԡ
ǣүҲǣҲүŮˣȥԼŮûȥҪĸӵˣҪ
Ҳǰ˵ͱү֪ˡ
үһչ˺ÿ˵ġ
ūŸˡϴӦˣôԼҲٴˡ
ȵȣүǰԺ𣿡ȻүҪȥ֣ôȴôǰԺϢˡ
ῴ͸ϵ뷨ʵ˵ˡүڶԺรûˣūžȥԺźүˡ
˵Ҳ˵ʲôԹԵ뿪Ժ
һߣԺʹһ죬ϵ
ʱˣūȻȥˡүڲรͲʡĸϵŭǣ
ϸߵſʹ˸ҧгݵŭϡ

128

ڶһ磬컹δүүŶ֮뿪Ͼǡʱ໹û˯ѡ
ˣūžͷˡүڣǹλֵͣѱ˳ʱ֡
ǰλŮ˴߽һ˴ɫĹŮװһ˴÷̹Ӻͬɫȹֺϡ
֪ϻſڵˡ
ߣҲҲҲչ˺ġ֪үΪѡ֣ڹôʲôû˼Ҽ˵乧άĻԼҲ͵Լһȡ
˵Цˣһˣ׼ˡ
һûһţһࡣֻ˵
ҲһģȻʱƷƺʱûгֹ£Ҳ֪᲻ᷢǼȻҽ˵ˣǾͿ϶ֹ¡
Ҳү۹ҪǷһ˼ңǵĸģǹˡ
ǰлү̧˵ŻǰԺ΢΢һݡ
˵ž͵Ժſˡ
ʱоԼû˺һŻүǼӳ龰ˡ뵽үŻȻү˵ȥɽ顣Ҳ֪ûߡ
꣬ꡱȻǶӴû
Ӧȴ
ˡ໶ڴȻԼҶȻˡ
Ͻҿӣ¶ˮꡣеĶǰࡣ
ôô͵ˣһء˵žϻ꣬κζֻ̫ԼҶ֡
㿴㣬ôˣ˵Żø⻬ͷŮǷ̫ˡ
үϾ˴ˣ糿ҹġ
ůůģøĽү̳ɶʮТϹˡ
СôûأʣϺˡȻˣôղܴڼ
ѾͷҲ֪ôˣͻȻѧϰŮ죬ȥúѧˡ
ϵûŮѧŮ죬Ҳɣ֪ˣʲôŮһϲͨ
СȥѧѧҲã
ѽˣŻûأӶ˰ɡ
˵ãһ˵໹ĶˡżղҪүء
үء
ү첻ͳˣԶˡࡣһֻֻǰȹڡӴˣŵףſҪ˿š

129齥

ѾˣЩֵĺӰ˵үأ˯ˣүˡֻϣ鲻ֵᷢ鷳ˡ
ɺֻ֣ȳ深ǿܳ֡
ʲôأɫáϼŮһصӣɵʵ
ûʲô˴үȥ֣ϣһ˳
үûµģ㣬￴ľͲãҪǾҽĴ߲ˣﲻ۵వӡ
һעģʵڲŮˡ
ĸŮţҲûгȥ̫Ѿˣ쳣ȡ
￴üʱҪ
డ𣬶ôǳء
˱ɽģֻˬȴͷ麹
ãʱ侭麹·ݴˣĺܡ
ʱǸе飬ѣΣģû³
Ҫ̫ҽơ
ˣҽ̫ҽ˿࣬˵һ̳ɽ
̾Ϣγ⿤Ĵء
ү߽糿ɽүүδȥصĵүΪҪ㴦ȥүǲүһ˶ռͣȻһģôԼҲʲôԼõĵܡ
ڻλľ߾ʣĵˡǲõġ
صĵʱǰ龰𺳲ѡׯڵѾɺԿѣׯȴδ죬ׯںǶȻõأлһЩСӷȥ
үͻȻһȺˣ궯ׯںŤͷơϳѲ֪£ߺ
쿴Ǻشˣشˣǵׯϣˡһߺ˷׷׿ȷʵǺشˡ˶ӵũүܹ
شˣоˡЩһܻһߺ
үһĻޱȶݡЩ˵һЩعԱǵĸĸ١Щù٣ǲƽ
ʱүҲӺүүˣүһ黹֪ٵطİҪˡ
شˣʲôӾȾЩׯڰͺճɲãв֪ЩСӣרʳû취ˡ
ǣǱ𼱣ΪʦүĶİ磬ǰҵġ֪һߺӵ

130үץ

ǣģʰֵܶǰΪǾµġ˵ǶүϾλߵġ
үȴһֱû˵ڹ۲ĺȻأǻյʳð±ûģĿǰҪСӣЩרʳǷȥģò׽
үͺ֪£ү˼ǻȥ˵
˻صԺү뷨
ү쿴ˣЩׯڻǿһģɵСӼʳũͲ˵ˡ
˵Ҳ֣ǰߵʱ򣬻ûгִ˵żչ򣬾ͷôӡ
Դ峯񣬺ҲмģأûַȥСӡ
ĵܴ¸ôүʵⷽǲĵģϲǹŪЩҪӡ
֪ܲүǲ֪ôҲûû˵
֪ô죬ǲŵЩӰׯڳˡҪЩׯڵץˡүһ䣬ȴү뵽ⲻʧǸ취
˵ǡүһĴ˵
˻˶үһĵܣ˵˵ġ
Ŀǰûа취ˣֻץˡش鷳֪ͨȥչŮȭ˺ʱõӣȥץӡ
ǣūȥ֪ߺүͶү׷׻ϢǸ·ˣûкúϢ
үһصԺд˷ţ˵е㣬Լܸϻȥɣһбء
ͻؾǣϴϢ
ڶһ磬үͬȥ鿴ׯԱ˲٣ӾȻһ
ôүҲǺܾȣֳ֪ӷֳôôġ治֪Ҫôźá
ү΢Ҳǣֳǰеģֳӷֳر飬ǲ£ｫա
˵ź֪ݺᣬҲǰճ֪յࡣ
үأáүʡԸ⿴ش˵ĳһ̰ʧ弢֣Ըʰʧ
Ѿ·ˣö˲١˵žͼһүǰһԡ
һȥ׽ֻүߵܼĵطһ£һץ˲٣ȻЩӻɣɵץҲץ
үȤҲ˸׽ȥˡүϰ䣬Ҳץ˲٣˼Ч׷ǰȥץ
ЧЧץһҲͼһСʱҪϢ
үЧҲĲ٣ҲֻϣЩׯڿ졣

131־취

үһҹڵ˾ǡ
񹫹ˡһѾͷ解ӡģŮ첻һ
нɡ⼸ȤͰѲóԼﶷء
Ӱ˰
񹫹𣬽ôԺˡЦ˵
ЦҲ泩˭ԸȥһŰԹء
ⲻүӵŵūž͸ˡ˵Ŵӻͳһţݸࡣ
еľƣֽӹŷ⣬ܺүдʲô˵棬࿴ţԭЦСȴ쳣ࡣ
һţʣǲүˣ֪ôʣ˳
ôˣ࣬ǲү
⻰û˵ͱˡүû£ɽ²׽룬ɽĺݱɻˡ
ֽ꣬ʡУðүΪģԸ⿴ЩղȺ
ֽʣ⻹ǵһڹŴëд֣ǰүүϲ鷨Լ͸˺ö꣬ǲТСͽд֣һֵҲǲүүѧʱ򣬱ʼţ˺滹޸Ĳʱ䣬ҲдһֵƯС׭
ɲдʲôǧ֪̼Ϊӡ·˽ģд֯ԣȫ˶׵İ׻ġ
ūյүĵţȴ֪ɽءūżǰһԽүȼü֮
ү˵Сǻȳ棬ơƽʱҲܼ档ү˵ɽȳѾ֡
ں֣úֻ֣Ҫúأһ꣬һׯڣ鼴⡣ǻֲһֻںֺ棬Ѿʳȳڽеʳɨһգôݻ˰Ľһ˿ϣҪȥũ伢񣬼䱩
żмء溵ɺĻԻȳķֳȻƣڸɺݣֲﺬˮϵͣȳԴΪʳĽϿ죬ñȽϼʵֲϡ裬ڻȳѣȳ深ֳˣÿƽ׿ɲ30ңֶ̣Ե֮л֡
Ҫֻ֣轫ĶѼ죬ЩݶǻȳĿǡ
ϣūŵһ԰ү
ūϣүչۿСǳ
д껹װŷ⣬дүү
ѵԽд͵үУһҪ죬һգɽվһЩ
һ֪Źϵشǲҵ飬ӹţ뿪˶Ժ

132ԭ1

ߺֳĬϣҪ̫⡣
ϿŮƲֵģ̫ǺңȥԺҲ
΢΢磬ȥߣ
Ҳ֪ԼҶһƬ⣬ӦˡĸŮ˻Ժͣͣ˱ѼϢȥ˶˲ˮġ
ߣ˶ˣԺҪǴߡ϶˵۾ȴźһ
ǣŮġӦţŶ˵ûֿϿŤͷ
ϼװͷȥ漴ʵ
˵ʯү½ϴ磬˵һƷ֣Ҳ˲ˣҲûѿˮʺϰɡϽ͵
ԡվߵ£תתȥ
ﲻԡŹȥ
࣬Ƿ֮Ϳʼֲָʵġ
룬ȷʵģҲвһˣҲǰǰʼģѵǡ
˼ǡ
֮ĲУ֮Ĳޣǲˣġʱĳ˵ˡ
ǵʱүýģҲүֵģҾûϸ鿴
ڲ˵ʱ˽ˣҵҪʲôʱԳİһ㲻ڴеĵĸ
ʾȥ
С¹¼ҴҸЩǶԺأҪú׾ҵˡ
С¹ӣڿָǿʯ
С¹Ҳ£첲Ϳʼڡܶһ飬ûʲôϲš
Сڣ㡣
С¹βλþڳһȥͷŴ򿪲
һſʼľУľбԵС¹ʱһСǡһɵζ
С¹ȫʱζŨ̽ͷȥ漴ȼȴûпʲô
ϣԶһ㡣סڱǡ
С¹Ҳ֪ⲻʲôö˵ģƵһߡ
ʲôϼС¹ߵһߣԵζɢ˲٣Žסڱǵܿʵ
ǻӺԺأЩΪ裬ʲô¶Ҫǳˣһʬ
ϵһһ⡣кΣյʱҪءҸǺ﷢ɢζпܾˡ

133ԭ2

һŮû֮ǰӴ㣬ᵼ²Уг̥ȵʱкڣѾ͵ģͻ
ǳʱӴиҪôĸӾҪôĸºԺҲãҩΪ顣ҪôĸĸС໳˫̥ͼѣʱĸӾĿԺܴ
𣿡ѾССˣû뵽˱˵Ȧס
û㻹ǺܴģҪ
ڻЩļ£мˣΪ಻ʣҲûг߿ûעԺʯ
ǽãֵܷˣʱһʬˡ
˭ôúݶ˼ʯү͸ǹģҪǧⲻҪǹӾ𣿡ֱڿ죬һ˳ȫ˵ˡø첲ⲻͣײž⻰˵
ūŲū˵ˡ
˭ҾԲ档ķŭˣͺԺŮʲôֻһ֮ͺӣԺ̺˵ү
ЩŮǾȻҪΪ˺ΪԼòˡ
С¹ӣⶫ÷Զĵطˡ
ǡС¹ӱźסԶǡ
رԺţκ˲룬ūŴ֪һԼԺͽҪȻôȥ
һᣬԺūȫˡͬ£Ͳ֪ʲôµվ
˶ͷվŵС¹ӣһǶѾͷ解ɺ磬飬һѾͷ䣬񣬱ʯվ½ﺣֵܡ
λߣү谮⸮ǱԵūŸһȡ಻˵
ȻҪ˻ػС¹ǸɫˡūǶŹܹı˺á
ǰΪңǵӣͿǱԺˣ
ֻ಻٣ҹĴʱ࣬ÿūǶϢһءС¹Ӵ
С¹Ǹ˶ɾЩװͿģ⡣˭ʲô¶ԼˣҲǾͲÿˡ඼˵ˣҪˣԼվ
˳Ĭ˭Ҳûվ
ǰɣǺãһʷ˭Լͬҵĳʲô˵ûöͣ˵һһӡ
׻˵Ǯʹĥ˰˾ŲʮҲΪǮľǮˣƽʱүû͵͵Ǯ

134ץڼ

һվѾͷʯū͵͵ĸضȻԺ
ǳã͡಻Ϣûãˣ˲Ż֪˵
һ˵ŵūûУūֻǣֻǡ
ֻʲô㲻˵Ҫô㡣ͼ£ҭҭزصġ
ūֻǿⳣһ˹ūżͳ͵͵һЩʳȥιū˵棬ﲻſȥ
ʾС¹ȥ˼
ãһС¹ӻˣ֪˵Ǽ١ء
˼ʯȷʵõӣһ˵޷Ǿ͵͵һ㲼ϣǸ͵Կɼڵģ˭˶ûй黹Ļ⡣Ļɡ
һһǶѾͷ顣
ٱ˵½˵ǰһʱޣ͵͵ĴӴױһСӣųȥˡ
һ½˵дοֵֹվǿʯ£̫Զˣû
ǻûмֵΪ
˳Ĭʱ˽ŵùȴûһġ
һᣬС¹ӱһƹĹһˣⲻʿôֹȴȵģųƲС֣ǰҲһ޹ʱˣʱ˺þá
С߹ᣬͻȻŵʲôС¹ӵĻ䡣Сβҡҡ
Сһﻹͦģ֪ҵιˡ˵ϣղһֱڿദ£СĿ⡣
ʵūŶûмСʲôӣÿζǸŰ˵俴űߵСһԭСһﳤôɰġ
һŵζˡӻ⻰һͱһѾͷˡ
ū뵽ˣūֹһμڸʯˮɨõʱסڱǣʱūŻƾˣ˵ϲʯζūŻʹţҲֻŵһɵζֵͦġ˵觡ҲǸ˵ıġ
ͷ׵ĸͿɣҲڲ
ûκα飬ʱ̲סˡ߹ȥһߵ񡰹Ȼү͹ʯ㣬ԲסˣԺӵŮԲסˡĻ񼸰ơ
վŵ˷׷񼸲Զ
ֵͣʱಢδ֯ʵҲȥһ٣ܣһͦŴ䲻ȥ򣬶ǣӣøΪḁ̲̃ãһɰСްҪŮ
ſĲ˲Žͣ֡

135һС

˵ѣ˭ָʹġſ϶ˡ
ûָʹūţūһΪֻ˵һΪôʣˡ
֪öԺŮӶпĸףˣԼ
ū֪
֪㻹ô˭ָʹģһһ໰˵ˣǲԸ⿪ڽ
ָʹūţūһΪū֪ԲūԸһл˵Ҫ̨ϵ¥ײ
С¹Ӹպվʱײӵ
С¹ӿж°ͣҪԾײӲɣ΢ҪҧԾҲҿС¹Ӷ죬žડһж°ͣˮ˳
Ȼڤ粻飬ô͵үðɡ½ȥүү֪ô졣Ҳĳ嶯һֻܵүˡ
ǣūȥ
½ȥյ࿴ŽµСʿܹܹȥɷǿɰ
䣬֪ɷȻҪŪûˡ
ūŲūŵһμʱһֱڽУūŽͦģÿ͵͵õι
ţôʱˣһֱ棬û˵ģôҾ͵ôСһԴСһ֪ɰཫһڷ絲ļң쳣˳Դ
࣬ɣҪˣ⹷ϾûԵʱ㣬Сǣǿô˵ġϲĵ˵
СһǶϵ˼ĵֱС
ģ㿴СһԵģɶģ˵úѱǲ˵ġʿ汾˳Ʒ֣һǲ˵ġ
ֲֻ࣬ͬˡ
ˣȻҪ㣬͵ø֣ͽɡ⻹ǰֻʿ֡
䣬Ժչ˶ɣҪȥʹڶԺ棬ү֪أʱȥˣץˣ˵ûҡ
½˵ģͣĸϵԺ
ӣūŶ˵ˣҪūô
鷳㽫ǰԺѺҪɱˣҲҪκ˿үڴȻҪ̫ҽԺҲֻүȨúԺŮˣҲ̫ҽԿ
Ȼūͽȥת뿪ʱʾС¹Ӵһߡ
ߺ˵ֻϣǲҪ¡˶ȥ°ɣ佫Ŵȥϴɡ
ӦǡȻȥˡ

136

̫ҽʱҲѾùš
̫ҽ鷳ˡ񹫹Ѵԭ˵ˣ̫ҽ뷨
࣬ϣ֣궼ȥˡ
չ˵ʱ佥ֵͷΣģ֢״Ӧ¡
Ҳ˵ˣʱ᳤ʱǿűʯ¡
ҩѾգ֮ﻹ׼߲ɣʱϳ˶Թ岻á
̫ҽΪ˵鸡ʱ䲻ԺʱԽԽ顣һ
ʱС¶Σա
̫ҽɷౣһЩӡ໹º̫ٷȫ
ɱ£º߲һʱڣҪһֱһЩ²ҩ̫ҽֻ̾ʼٝûټһʬȴû
ǻҪͷ̫ҽΪⶫԺŮӿⶫԺҲֶ֪Ժ಻ΪԼЩʮĻŮʧȥĸ׵ʸ
ģֻģԳɻĿǰǲܻУǻᣬģҩЧûˡ
һ¸˵ˣﻹȥǿʯεɣʱѾֲˣǻʱԺӴĵطǻҩЧġ
ȻҩЧò󡣡̫ҽһμΪԼԺѾͷ̫ҽģЩЩ֮͵£Ҳ
õģûҾͷˡʯһ˽ε³׵ķˡ
ҾȻعȥˣһǿšΪҽߣĶǱеġ
л̫ҽ̫꣬ҽȥл̫ҽ󣬱̫ҽȥ
̫ҽҲδ˵ҩͺˡ
ζл񹫹ˣǰԺ¾ȥæɣ˶ࡣ˼ˣȥæӦȥɡ
˵ЦˣūʱӰµġūţҲҪūźţūˡ˼үǰԺʲô£¾Ҫү˵µȥ
С¹ӣȥ񹫹೯⺰С¹ƽʱſڴţԷ
ǣүүū㡱
С¹ӰǺж񹫹ȥǰԺȥǺжȻָµ㡣
֪˵ǺжС¹ȴ֪ȥһС¹ӻƲ滹մ˲ʲôˡ
ȥǰԺҲУϾԺŮӣﶼá

137ưո

ȥﺣ½˽ʯ˰ɡߺŷԸȥ˰
Ҳ˽췢һУû뵽˾Ȼ£ү͵ġȻûз֣˷ˣҪȻǾͺ˹Ůˡ
־þδ̧ͷһơھΡ
֣²㣬뺦㣬Ƿʤġ㿴ûˣҲҵ⣬´ϸˡ
ָˣܺǹȴҪﰲο̫Ӧÿɡ
ǰ֣ĸǰȫġѾĺܺˡҲֵͦġҲԸⷢġ
ллЩˣūû£ūȥ˰һᣬҹ̫·ϣЩźĿµҪԶٰˡ
£׼ôϼԶ̲סҪҪʲô
Ҳưոݵġһһεݺң浱ӡȻƽʱһģǼҲǻҧ˵ġ
үһҪ£ŹЩŮ˵ġ
ϲԼŮɺ֮ˣڿʵƵ㲻С
ǸѾͷ˵һΪǮƣпΪ˼˵˲顣
԰ôû뵽ءһС¹ȥ顣
ʱصǰԺȥдһȥɽүô£үŮ˺ͺӣүһҪ֪ġ
С¹ӻص˶ԺͽӵĻȥüˣҲҶͣڸһ͵鵽ˡ
ūŴˣʣһĸף͸硣ƶһֱûȢף˵Ҹȡӡ
ҲʵôǮȢף˵ǹ٣Ȣס
Ķ֪Ǽҹ󷽣ôߡ
ҲܣԼ˱ѣҪԼ
Ȣ׵Ǯֹ͵İɡ
˵ĶԣǼһӣĸҲ˴
ⱳ֮˻ͦǮġС¹ӣȥǰԺ񹫹ȥļģԺǳ˸ǾֻȥǰԺˡ
ǡС¹ӽǵڶȥǰԺˡ
˼棬С¹Ӱ˵һ飬ˬĴӦˡ³Ҫ飬ڲˣүͲȥ顣

138˲

ԺôĶһһ̫ҽáȻԺĸŮˡ
ū̫ҽѾ˶ԺĪҪˡ
ҿǽɳȥ̽ģϢȻҪ
ܣ⻹ڡȥҶԺūŴ
ūˣЩ˵Ӳĺܣ˵ʲôҲڡ·ҲܿգǺ˵˵Ժūǳ˳ģǲԸ͸©һ¡
㣬ӰһоͶоΪǮڵġϱ˵һָߴҵţһĺ޲ɸְûмôġ
ұίūˣ˵ˣϢʮûԸ˵ūžˡ
ϱ޻˵ݺݵĵ˷һۣ²ɣһؼ˵Ļʵ
ҲΪѷˣضԺģ⴫κϢʱǷӿҽΧ
ߣЩūŵʱذһ̵Ļ÷һ¡
񹫹ӶԺ߿񡣿ɾͲ֪ʲô¡
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ūŲӷ󴫳
㻹족ۿҪߣӸϽ÷ȳȥ
ūſĪϱԼԺūŸˡʱʱ̫ҽ˻һūţֻֿˡ
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һԺ˵һ顣
ɲôͬʱ½ϽģԺǸء˵̲סǺЦ´ȥҲЦ
˭˵أһūŶүĴҲͦҶϵģúһүƲϡ
ҲǸڲͱүˣ浱ԼиƤңܱɷˡϾƲϣһūҲ衣

139үյ

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ҹֻͻȻһԶ±ߣһˣǰ滹վһˣ˴ӰŮӡ
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˭үҹ˭Լء
үū񹫹Ÿүģ񹫹˵½¼ҪūżӽүˣСһ·ϴӲͣЪҲԶ˾ͷǳԵɳ·Ҳ֪˼ƥ
үһģǼӼ͹Ϊʲôˣ򿪷ţӹŷ⡣
ƯС׭дšүһǳŮ֣֮˵ҲдôƯС׭ؾԼҹԹдġ
үĵ˺ŷ⣬óż۵һƪƯС׭ԼҹԹԾǺãдһֵĺ֡͹ˣſʼĶ
ͷǡūյүšүԽԽ˷ܣԼҹԹԸԼĽֵİ취һ䣬ϣԼջȥһȥСŮá
Ȼ˽үһ˯ⶼûУ˴֮ǰԼȥϴſڵĿɵɵſڣҲǣҲǡ
үʱ򣬲ſСɵ㶵վţû˼뿪ء
ȿȣҲˣȥϢɣҲ»ġ
ǣūŸˡСȥϢˣȷʵˣûûҹҲܲˡ
֮үôԼȻ⣬ǻʰ׵ˡ
үô΢к£
үżȻԽż鵽Щȳ棬ֳơ深رǿׯΪʳǲ紦ǧաûʳũпαɼ񣬴Ӷ³ֱүû˵꣬ͼ֪һĽ
ǿô찡ѵû취ˡ
Ҳû취ү΢֪˵İ취ܲá
үзӡ
үҲ֪ûãֻصġѼȫҽЩϲЩˡ´˻ҪȥͨоȥרѼũǵļѼȫҽԡ
֪²žô򵥣ҪãôץǺɵ
ȿȲ˵ɵϾ취үġ

140˵õǿ

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˼ҼһԼȦļѼȫȥվߣ뿴Щʲôá
үͺ֪ԼүѾվˣүǱԼūŽѵġ⼸ҲүܵģȻΣҲҪӣñ˵İΪ˰նܣȴֻܡ
˱˽˵Եɣòһȥ
վڸߴԶԶĿǸһȺѼ죬ЩΪʱιѾˣұʱ޾ɵġ
ͷһֻ׹Ż켦ڣģеĻȳų׽ס¶ǣûȳζ˷ˣչɫĴ˽˻ȳȺȺǰĴ󹫼׽ſеĳӣһԵġ
һᣬǾҲҪȥ׷ˡȲĳطȥĻȳԽЩݵ졣
үȫЩȥׯڣϾǰ˭ȥء
˼һĻ˲ŻԭֻҪܽͺáһʱϢȥүҲȥ԰ĵĺúϢ
ǿ
Դӽʯµߺ֢״ûȥҲûȫã廹ǺϳϦʱԺɢ˵ǿ塣
ƣһиǿʲôͲסԼҶ߶ֻøų
డĸŶ𣿡תϢһʡ
ˣھڶԺĺ᷿أڻû£ҶǴں档಻ǰʱ˶࣬徻ɡ
ϵͷûû֮ǰͲںԺʡıˣ
ҵû
˽йôô˵øѹء
ҲãȥǺĸǶйеĸ㡣ȥ
ߣ񼱴Ҵҵ߽Ҳûֱƣͳȥ
񹫹ôôżˡסȻԺԼģڽסʣĶһݣ󻹵ó
˺˳ƹȥ
Ѽ˵Цģ߹ȥŻͷ
ūŸ밲˺á˵΢΢ȫǸˡ̧ͷ˵
ūӾأūŻ𼱻ǵܣҪūž˿ˡ˵Żͷ΢΢

141

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ھǶ˵¼ҹŮھгϢˣĸ׺͸ɩɩӽȥˡȥ˲鵽Ϣ
¼ңں¼Һʲôϵ
ԭ·꼰ʱ΢
Ŷ֪ˣ񹫹˵
ȥҲûв鵽κεϢ˵һ·ܹܲ
ӲƼͷǺڻŴ۵ġ
񹫹Ϣһᣬ裬Ϣһ˵
ҲѣҲȷʵˣ˹ԲʣϵĶ档и׵ľ룬ɲҺͬһ
ˣȥˮȥˣϲżæʵ
ѵʲôûв鵽𣿡
һյĻ裬ֻл裬ſڵ
ˡл󣬲żղŵ
ҲʲôûУȥʲôû鵽Ҫģ뾩Զ﷢ʬ壬ŮһУһϸ˺һŮû˵꣬ͱľϡ
׺͸ɩɩ
Ĳֹǻȥ᷿ҵĸǣղתݵĹսǣľ֪˵¡
ҲЩ֪˾ͺǴڹսߵš
˵һ£鷳λԵȡ
Щĸǲ˵ʲô˼ҹǰѾͷǵţǵžǣ¡
ĪţҲȷǲǣ˵ĻҵһǮһӺһЩӣϻһ١ӣǿרġǸŮȫ¶һЩͨϺΣȴǳġ˵Ŵӻͳһɫ
ӹϸΣܾ죬ȴ֪˭ġ
Ȱպã˵ԺãѾȷĸɩɩĸˣôǲͶôôɱġ
տʼΪǽٲɱأǮҲûжȴˣǾпרɱġ

142ô

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ߺŴĸǹ
ĸȫˡǰһĸȴվԶ㡣˵תվԱߡ
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ɡ󣬾ûٿһۣǶ豭裬һ
ϻͷӣŶ˵
ǣͲ˵ˣǹĺƽүʹǲǲˣ˺ͺӳ£үǡ
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ǰϲȨˣڲò˵ȨǸö˲һľաڵүҲǿǾ֮λɡ
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Ҳ֪ͽүԺģһĸŮ˸ԼĶȻΪӣҲ˵ƹܺ󹬵Щ񸮵Ľǣү֮ǰѾȥˣôˡ
ǹлλǡĸǣźǵԼӣиͷʹȵģȻùĸҶˣҲ֪ܶЩ˶үףôһԼӡ
ūŽǷ˽̻壬źСӡ˸ĸͬش𣬵һ㣬⡣
һƼˣ֮ö˵ԼźȲĹ򣬰й۲켸ˣⲻͿˡ
໹ǺܺƵģ̰ͼǮ֮ˡ߾ˡ
ȥŽ¸ϵˡ
ΪԷһﻹǾ㻹עˣðɡ
ҲӦˣȥˡ

143ϸл

һ֪¸үүһȥĻȳԱ˺ö࣬ļԵĶԲԲǸëͿԼ
үޱ⣬ȥؾˣͿԼҹԹˡ
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ź棬үŷ⡣ϴεүԽԽˣүԽɫԽ
֪ºͶүҲүĲԾ֪ǲֱүģɶүͲһˡ
ĵܣǾǵ¡
үʻԼΧİǣүջԼɫ£ǸϵһЩëС¡
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үھûҪʱɽ֮£ջȥ
Ȼ֪ԼﾹȻֺݶ֮ˡ˱뾾Լá
ǣ΢ȥ֪ͨүүȻرԺϢ΢ȥ𴦡
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ȥϢѣȥп
Ȼүүȥֲ˼ֱʣĿ̫ǿˣ˻ֻܵͷȴԼ׽һյүͷ
յĻӦүжүǶȻȥĵҲȥϢ

144κ

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үһȡүеСУ˳ִӻͳһǮ׸С
ӹǮСԵĵ˵ߣеС˷Ǹ󣬲ܵ
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үоǴ䣬ûʲôС⣬ȥ͸ԼҹԹԡҲò
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ү߽ſ˵ĳ࣬ʮʮ꣬󻹸һţʮС
СԲԲǿɰүһ¾ˮ۵С
ǸоСͦİɣүھʲô顣
ǰϷһ¨¨һɫõĺ
ү֣һϰԼȥһЩԭʯߣõͼ۹ԭʯȻûԼ棬궼ԼĽʦ⻹ǵһμȥĵġ
СֵֻʮٶˡϰһΪѵ
ϰˣڼӼӼۡкһĿСŮҲġ
СҪȥطȥϰҲǿӡԸʮ¡
ϰ壬ǲŴǱ߹ϰ忴СѼ۸һѹѹѾһҵˡ
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үˣʲôҪģŸһΣӣĸ׾ԺáϰүһӲƣ֪үǸǮġ
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ǱһССʯ̵κҵĶŮСͽʳԴ
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ϰ˵ҲĲ̡
ⶼ绹ǿȻᣬȴǿûп޳Сȴǿ޵ĺòġ
磬ѸߺòãˣûǮԺţòáС˵Żᡣ

145ţź

үСᣬ·ֿ޵ӣһЦ
ȻСԼҹԹƣͰһΰɣΪԹԺСǻ
ǺðɣҾһ񣬲ҲҪţֻҪúչԼĸ׾У糤˿ȥξͿԱúĸˡ
үⲻ֪ԼһһССӺĸдڲõĽкӽսΪ˶ʤ̡
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ϰ壬һƱүСһƱܣױ˵ǣ绻š
Уλүȷһ
үʱһֱӣҶġϰȻɣһһģһ㡣
ϰүҪֻҡҡͷȥһˡ
ллλү֪үҺСøү͸ȥССүл
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ǲɣүѾǣǾһС¶ѡ
ʵֲСӣүֻȥԺ֡
ϰһֱ˶Իֱү˵ȥԺȥϰž˿ش˴Ӿİɡ
Ҳ֪ڱԺסžĹˣ˵ûмء
ƽǲʵģǱԺūСˡҲûз˻ģôֻжİˡ
뵽ϰæĻƣӹ̨Ƴվү棬С˵
֪үжġ
үû뵽ϰͦ仰
үڼġ
۲ʶ̩ɽȻûϳİ磬İ缪顣
үһϰ֪Լ¶ˣϽǱ㶵ġ
ֱϰǳ⣬ǲŻСһ¡
ǿҽǿˡǿȥɡ
ϰٵĽһװСı¨棬滹һɲݸס
Сٳʱү˵İ磬񳤴ȥ㡣˵ͱԼҸˡ
үҲûСĻȫСӵͯԡ
ϰ壬ϺõΡҪġүûǽĿġ
еģϰүһŹǰһ򿪵ĺӣŸʽƯΡ
үЩûлʹﾫءȴʽǶһ޶ġ
үһһȥȷʵϰ˵öʽڹﻹû

146ںͷ

үϰмһӣһΣүûʽ
ʦĵ֮̽Ϻõĺ̶ɡ
Ļķۺ飬ѡ˺óʱżģŴС״һģһġ
үҲ͸ϲ֮˵ġǺʡ
ϰ岻ϰ壬һͨүˡʱүΣ׼͸ġ
֮£үҲûȥطǣԼ˱Ժ
ʹ
Դӻ֮ٿˣﲻг͢밲ģϲģдСͽġ̤ٿſˡ
Ҳ֪ʧƣʺ󱻽㣬ǵǻ󱦵ľֻİˡЩ˲ôƵ밲γ֪أЩڸҲΪԼĶԺ˳ǻ̵档
һ磬ˣҲûĳ֮£Ҳû˵֮£Щ¡ҲϲͶһᡣ
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ŶȻʺҲȥţҽʱˣлظˡ
΢Ц˵Ϻ֮¡Ҫү׹ϵԺ˵İǻء
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ǺðɣʱæҲûȥʺ밲ýȥɡͳ
߽һСŮվڳࡣ
ˡ˵ʹСŮٿ
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ŤͷƣԼͻʺһӣһӡʱžûʺ
һһӣӢţΪʵ۵ɷܳңҪһȺŮΨһܸľǻʺҫȨơԼںȨԼԶȥ
룬ĻʺǺεȵͺϡ
ʺһҲϿˣҲ·𿴼Ժҡ
ôƹܺ󹬴ȨǰүİǣİлǶİТ˳ǡ
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ʺǰģӵĺӡź˲٣ǰТ˳ּˣɲ߻ʺ·á

147Ҫ

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иĺӡҲȥʺ밲ˡ
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⻨԰ٻţҸսŵϾһŶδΣȴ֪ϾǲĿʼǰһжСӴֵС¡
Ÿ븮ÿȥ趨ʡº͡ӵรҲЦ硣ĵรҲֻǶƤӶѡ
ʱүҲԺӣԺͻˣˣȴ벻þ;ˡ
ɹĹҲԹӻҪġ
үǻˣֻˣǴС¶Ҫϸ顣ŻסĶӳ
߰ɣˣʺżˡ½ϵʪ۾оԼеƸС
һûයһ·ǰɫĴŽرգŻһѴͭ
Űɣʺ밲ǰһŵ档
ǽ˻ʺ󣬵ûнֹ̽Щ˶ǽͷ絹ʺɴѾͣˣȻǲ̽
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ǻҪлʺ̵ĺãг檵ĽաԻʺ΢΢ϥӺͷȴ߸
нգǣнΣ㻹Ҫ򱾹бһڣֻһһҲ·
ʺ˵ŻԼϵ·תͷ߰ӣͺ޵
檲ҪʱҲܴ·仰Ҳʺ
ʺȴһʱûзӦȷӳʱ̧ͷݺݵĳȥܹɱˣѾڻʺ¡

148ʱ

˸öӡǰܴ۵Ĳǻʺ̫Ǵ̫ء
ɲǳĺãһƽƽʺô󰢸û취ˡԻʺ󻹺ãһʺǣ̲ס뵽Ǹûг;ĺӡ
㲻Ҫˣǵĸλĸֻ̫ӱ֮¡û˭λĸ̫һޱȡ
ʺҳ˵Щǳ檿ûй㣬֮¶ء
վԽϣˤĲ豭ƿЩǻʺʱйˤáƷ
ʺǲ֪伲࣬ɽֺأʺôҲֻ¸֧ˡ
糼ʺţȻʺ̫͸ʺΡ
һһƽʺ󣬻ʺ˿ֱ˫ֳסӰ֣Żʺ۾۾
ʺ۾ʣ£Թ޶ֲ־ڱصá
ڻʺУվֱӣת׼뿪
ڵʱûܽͬһһ
仰ͬϽͣյȥˡ
Żʺͣס˽Ų̽𻤼׼ôģȴ޸оһ㣬Ϊ˱˸ۡ
ģҵĻûд͵ػʻʺ
ǺǡʺֻЦЩģҲǶ֪ˡ
ǡԭŭ˲¶Цաʺǻŵĸ̫ôҲǸʱ򣬺Ǻǡ
˵㲻ٶ࿴ʺת뿪ﴫʺŭңǴʺǴʺ󰡡
޶ԣߵ۹۱Ǳǹģտڲһ֡
˵κ˴󣬴׼ȥߵβʱһȺСкΧסЩӴʮӡ
ϣⲻκôôһֲ¡˵СкӣһͲ˼ҵС
ʲôκǽĽûǰͲϲЩǽúѧϰר͵£û»ѧһ͵͵ȥ¥
˵ȥ¥ɲʲô£ǲõġǰм˵
ǰκӲƲЩֲµôһһȺСָκ
ûƲ𴩴ֲµġ˼ͺǾƲඣ仰һ˵ǰȺӻҽκڲһˣ˭Ҳ֪ǼҰˡ

149ҪҸ

ҴƲǡͷһ仰һȺȭߡ
κסãκŵһֱޣҪҸ磬ˡ
СҲȫ𲻵ãЩǶʢģлɲʹ˴
˿Ĳˣ׷ס֣ϾЩǣҲ°κˡ
ϴ㿴κ¨ﱳʲô
⻰κһ񡣻ԸǹǷֱ¨
治װǿ񣬻İһ˲ԸⰤٴ˭֪Ǳע⵽ˡ
Ҫ¨κϾСӣֻŲЩ˱¨ӺʯһſھҪ˵κʱסκ졣
ȥ¨ʲôСкȥκϵı¨κҲûйĻţ˳ߣֻǻıסκֻסκ졣
֪һеȥ¨ǲŻԽɱ¨ﵽʲôҲҿ¨װ˸ɲݺͲ𣬶ʯӶװڱ¨ײѸɲݺͲ𵹳Ƿֲ˵ġ
ЩҲûģ㷭ֶЩɲݲ
ϴһЩɲݺͲ𡣡¨һӽ¨ൽͷӸǰκҲᵽɤˣ¨Ķ
ͷ⿴һԱߵˮȥˡˮˮû¨һ룬Ӻʯˡκȴˡ
κκĸˣȴκš
סԺƵߣһδһΡͷĺָκıӾ档˵껹κһţŻִ뿪
ЩӶ뿪ˣκŷſκκæż磬磬ʹʹȥҽݡ
û£ȥͶȻʹһ٣ƤˡʱҩƲҲûˡ
κĽ¨ˮǱһٵվоۣǻ¨ˮ
磬Ұ㡱κץס¨һߣŽ¨κõĸɲݺͲ𣬼Ӻʯ
ȴκӳֹˡκҡҡͷ
κķźøɲݣκ¨˫ַκĸ첲
һ·ߣ¨ˮδδһ·֪ߵԺԶһСϪͣ¡
κж±¨ƣΧûˣſɶκ˵ĸɲʪĸɲݶʯϴɾ
κԣóʯӡΪԵʣˮոɵر죬ȴʯ˺ںڵպһˮĶζ

150ϴɾ

κС㣬ʲôʱôأǿŸ˺۵£ҧҧ¨ʯߵӱߡ
κȽ¨ˮ壬ϴණȻ̫ɹţſʼϴġ
ѵһСӣϴɾʯʯӿݵģײ۹ˡκͽСմʪϸϴ֪ʯɾȥϴӡ
Ϊӣ࣬ͷСر𲻺ϴֲȫˮ꣬κֻһһϸϴ
ϴûװԭĴɰѾֳˣκֻʪСӰõǰ
κ״ԼѾ˵۽˺Ӱϣķ¨棬ŽʯϸɾĸɲݺͲ
ߵԺſڣſڵ˵⡣Žȥͨһ־ĳˡ
λүүʯ˸ˡκ񷭳ʯݸ֡ΪӵһЩɲݣ׷ҳ
ֽӹκеʯƼˣүôôһʯûоӹġ
ллλС磬ȥҼүֵлԺתȥˣҲ¨Ҳ뿪˱Ժ
ֱʯһ·ܻүԺӣʱүڸдš
ˡ
үū֡
ɡү洫
ֽݺү鰸ǰվ˫еүǰ
үӣ˵ʯġūù
үīװŷ⣬̧ͷеʯһۡ
үģȥɣȻؾʱšүȥ͸࣬ԼƵ̳
ֽʯŽеү㽫еŽ֣Ļؾȥ
үԺ
ү̫ʦϣŵĺűϺò衣ûھµ¡һүҲǼӢġ
ү״վһĵԴ˫ֱȭ
ôĶȥʲôطʲô¼ʲôˡ
үֻǰֳıȴĶŵӣʹ˽;衣
ʵүүԺݣԶҪôôФλأ
үүֻȥ˲ΡĶûԼĶϸ˵ү
ֻүе㲻ţĻӣȻܵŮ˲Ŵ⡣ôе㲻š
ɵ꼰Ա
ˣͨİա
ѵֻΡѵǡ
ˣ֪ˣȥɡүԼ򾲾ϣϻŸոպȹĲ衣

151Ѳ˸ϵ

յүŷʱѾҪԴ̥ˡоԼŲˣ⼸ҪԺʱ׼
үˡһ߽ÿʲŷ⣬ŵݸڴϵࡣ
¿һ飬ү˵ɽɫԼձ㷵ؾо౻֮¡
үҪ񽫲µȫѺڳ¡
үҲǸһ
үϿ˵һ¡һֱڹ۲ı飬¶ο˼겻еǣүϴһݲ¡
˵ˣڵֻһЩǮѡǮеλĶпСڷе죬ǲ֪ļ
һᣬԥ˵˵ⷢūźļ˵롣
Ҳܾ족
߲รͬ
ûǲรūżǵǰʱڻ԰รڸ߲รͷϴ
ûʱƺúÿء
ǴүϹ󲻾ãڶԺƵûţʹһȥ˻԰档
˳㿴үӹ׽㡣
ɸս԰Ҫ뿪ĸϡ
ūรǲùϵġΪү˵ΪУ˹ͬʱеĸҲһ
ɸÿμ˸ϣǹģү˸ôûбûĳ谮Ȼô
ҲǸ⸻ϵԭ
ɣҪȥ仨԰ϵͷǰŮӡ
۰۰׵ģ·һˮ˼ʵĽ˻ɫƣȴƤ⻬
Ȼˣβûб٣ǶӴ˶ѡֱۻ˵ϸ
ǵģūⲻô׼ȥ䣬รҲ԰̧ͷشϵʻҲ˳㿴˸Ͻװ硣
һģ˵Ҳ֪Ǹ˭ġ
รӵǾ¡
˵ͷϵɵ
Ŷӻǰʱү͵ģźÿʹˡȻҪȥ棬ǾͿȥɣҲҪȥϢˡ
ִҩĸ첲һֻֻķ߹ȥ
øϹȥ
Ǵֻġ
ǵģūҲǵãȷʵһģһġ˵᲻ǲรء
㲻ģҲѲ˸ϵҿ϶¸һУԶ֣϶˸µġ

152ǳ

ȲҪ˵ȥүڶᡣ֪ڶáİ߱үǻҪ󳼡һѵǿԵġ
ǣū֪꽫үպãലͷĹִԱߵļʪӣ֡
ʱ߽֣϶һЩʳ
࣬оôߡ
ҪþҪˡе㵣ġûӣ˵ŮʱڹŹһ⣬״ǰֻŶ˹Źˡ
£أһƽġ˵ߵƵģһŽһŻγ֪˴ա
أջӰ죬һֱȶǿ϶Ҫ̾Ϣ죬Ͽ޵ôģҲ̲סؿˡ
ϡҵĹɲܿޡָϽǰο̥࣬ȣǴ󱯴޵ģܵס
ҲˣϽɾԼϵˮᡣ
Ƕﲻãɲڿˡһٰοܺõ㡣
ˣ쿴ʲôóԵġߵǰָոշϵ롣
ϱ߽ߡֻŵζ
߽ŷװż㡣
ǰʱ඼ȥģؼڼȾˣҲ֪˶ӼǹŴǴֹģرϲȡ
ζһɵľζҲŴ滹Ưżǿ顣һھͱζˡ
Ǽ㣬ô֪˵žʹж˹룬ȲĺȺһڡ
ϵǾ䡰С̡û˵ڣͼͷſ죬
⺢ӣ̾³ﻹ˵ְ࣬˵ȴ۵ġ
ԭ̫ˣûȥͺڿݶ
ǶĺóԣҲ᲻µô֪ˡ¿ŵÿϡ
춷߶˺üˣô֪أ˵ô֪ģǴġ
Ҳǰ죬һ˵ʱ򣬾Ҫ˲ϣԼڶԺһ̳ӡ
ǰûиԣΪҪͼſʳããϾһ˹ˡ
ζôءϸǰһûгĽŮޣǿĸġ
ڶ˵ʱǾŮգԼԼˡ

153һҪ

ཫеĿݸߵ꣬Ӳǡ
սʱֹ˵ʲôءڶرģ޴СŶҪʡ
ûʲô£ү˵ɽˣվͻ᷵
ϼ಻˵Ҳ֪Ǹִ֪ĺӡ
ͶȥԺתתɡʵѵ߶һ϶Ժһ̣ȻٻȥϢ
Ҳͷװһ׾ͷϳȥˡԺһǲġ
ˣϢҪϡ
꣬㿴˭͵͵ĸأ
ǶݹսǴŵģ£ͿսǴһˣص߶
߹ȥ֪ڽ̸ʲôֻܿϵԥ¶һ߹
ĸ֡꽫˴ſоԵǸĸ
ȥԷԵͷԵҲǵôˡ
ʲôҲǶ˵ˣƽʱǾͲҪǰˡ
ȾҵŮ˵žͳˡ
˵ĵ˴𰸣ֻһв֮ˡ
ֲΡΡվ˵Եɡ
ӣŮŮ߸µĶӡ
ǰүЩĸȫԴҲûмԼӡ
Ҳڽ죬һС̫ײҲûɡվ͸˻˷䡣
ϢʱȥһɰܺһͲԼĺɰôôãȻ棬Ǵ˺ɰ
һޱϤ󻹿һϦ֡ŮƽʱģӲ
ôɵһϵԿ̵ģ᲻ʶء
Ͻ𿪺ɰ뿴滹ʲôȻиֽдšϦ
˼ԣҪ࣬Ůܻ¹ﳣУôҲû뵽ˡ
֮ˣôȥأԼŮڱأҡڲ
ȾϦڽȫ˵еϣˡ
ּȻԸΪŮң֮ءˣ˶ãʮ֮
֣㻹ǲǵãʱײ˳ʲôӡֵһײǸ̫ܿɡ
˵ҵҵŮ䣬ҲҳҪˡ
ūŲǵˣС̫һֱͷͬūŵǸʱūҲû⡣

154Ա

ɣȥǰԺ񹫹﷢¸ȥֵŮԼǸ鷳壬ͷҪȥ¡
Ҳû취˭үŮҪء
µʱԴһʹһȦôоүԺЩŮ˶ǳԶû¸ɣרء
Ҫϵ˵ɹҲͰˣɴδζ˼ʶˣⲻԼ𣿰
ȥӡϾȥ죬ϢȥԺ
鷳鷳»Ҫġ
߶Ժԭ
֣˰ɡϢԻ֪ͨģȻȥЪŰɡ
֣ƣڳ˱˵ждˡĲݰԺүǻ֮
ȻԺ˼ѣôǲֻˣŲᱻƣáˣ㰢㡣
仰ҪҶλ
౧סϣ飬ĸ׵ԸԼȫԼĶӣҲһȫ
úӣˡǰҲֻ˵һƺᵽˣԼŮ찡
ٝ¾ͳΣûڵʱԼŮ֪Ҫ٣
ԺĸŮһţɽүͷʹ¡
ūү´ūүȥ￴һܽүԺү
үææģѵгʲôˣǿɲˡ־ͺһͬȥ
·үŪô¡
ԭЩԵ̫ȳˣԵֺġҲô׽ȳ档
ⲻͿʼչˣһɹ̫ˡĺء
ǻȳɱ׽ˡҪ׽ˣҲ£Ҫûֲ꣬׽ˣǻȳҪֳˡ
ʣ࣬һˡҪһ죬ݰչô졣
˵ţߵͷˡүһɲЩѼһȦɹֻ̫ǵļڷܵ׽ӡ
֪һүǰ˽ЩѼӽľٶүСܹ
үڿô족֪½һѼˡŪëЩѼͺǶأͣתȦ
شˣ⡱үЦǵص㣬ϲ
Щǡ֪¿һ
үȿȳȷʵˣҪôЩȥ׽ʣ²Ļȳء
ǶԵıģǼ׽ͱǰһ£еЧ

155ۿɿ

ǳԱ˾ͲˣôǶţˡž˵ˣȫԼ˵
Ƕү˵ԽԽСˡ
ǲū˵ˡֵͷС˵
ûšүһţôû뵽ء
үͻһ䣬Ūɶͷԣûס
΢ޱүʾ֪治֪ү뷨˼
شˣԸǣһּȸϻؼȥؼҺκζҪǳԣֻṩ㹻ˮٰǸϵﻻһȥͬķػͳɡ
үԼ뷨˵һ˵õġ
ү취ã΢ȥү˼ˡӦΪЩǳԱ˲Ųȥ׽ģڸһǶһ죬ȵڶͻ׽ˡ
үۼź֪ߵʹǽ棬˵ʲôǴǵı鶯үҲܲһ
֮صͷ뿪ȥЩļݣҲǳԵıģûеܡԹԵĸŴǻؼȥˡ
ߣǻȥɣҪ֪Чô
ڶһ磬үʹԭһϸϼݵĴүǰѯʡ
壬⼦ȥиιʳ
ûûУ´ðǲҪЩԶҪǾͲú׽ˣǵׯھˡ
һڵıطԣҲҿү˾ͺûҪˡ
ȻˣȥæɣǾͲˡү΢΢˺ϲׯںĽŲҪϼܣܡүҪ˵͵øܡ
Զ󣬼յǰߣһᣬּղŵĴһߣǻ˸ոȥļ
壬⼦ԵĿʰٴʱүЩ·ʼˣǳԶˡ
ɲôл˶˹˰ׯڲЩ̣ЩǰЩӻݲߴģ⼸ͳԷˣһ磬ȥͼֻ
үһѣҲֲĴ塣
˵ָȺҡҡڰڵķʼԭ·ˡ
үּּǰУĿĵأȻһļЩдĻȳ档
үһ⣬֮ؽɽص㱨ͿԻؾˡ
ڶүڸɫʱѾؾˡүֻʰѡ
Ȼû£үҲؾҪϽء
үصšŷһƼүǼ۽ʵһӼ֮
⼦ǽǴġүʵȻź֣Ҳ̫һֱүʱȥŷ鿴ء
үūȥŷʡ

156ϼؾ

šүԱߵӲ֣⼦ĿζȥԴһԡ϶ϲ
үԱȻҪĵģ߹ƫ鷿ūűϲˮүһԵϺȲ衣
ʱȥҲˣ˳һ֡
үūŽŷʦˣļʦġ
СȫŲμүʦǵһαΪǽļ˲ء˹ĶǶ߶µġ
ɣǵģǼǽĴ͹ġ
ǵģǶģ˵ǸүʣŶˣӾү˵ˡʦʵʵĻشȷһ˵ŶԲӡ
ү˼һūŲǵˣо⼦űƽʱļóأҲ֪Ϊʲôү
ţĲͦóԵġ
ʦүڵʱأүһͦóԵģڵĻӲĸȥˡ
ֻܸĿ˵⼦ʱһֱٳԻȳ棬Ȿۡÿ춼ڷȥ׽ӣļŽºóԡԵĵطҲԲء
ʦԽ˵Խǳӣ֪ԽõʳԽζĲȡ
ļǳԵǳӣԵļԵˮļÿ춼˶ԵļͱڵСΧôء
Ŷԭأ֣ȻȥѼ죬ǻؾʱϡȻͶȥ
˳ȥʦȻš
ڶһ֪±㽫ɽڶ㱨ү
үĺ󣬷ɽүڵΪأҲ飬ȴʱȣδصʧ
صֻʳ٣ֽ±ƸոչҪǰ˰գ°ǳе𰡡
үҲ׼ȥ³ʱʻʰ꣬Ļʰ꣬Ϊɽ˵ٸ˰
үҲˣүȥʰ꽫˵˰ռһֵġ˵ŻأͿʼնʱ
Ĺ߾Ͳã¸ˣүͺ֪ȴ˲ԡ˴زþҪһˡ
үɻǵã˵ģֻҪɺһ꣬㲻ڲˡⲻʱˡ
Ҫˣˣоˡ֪¸˵㵸һָЦһָޡ
ԤһµĴȲˣˢˢˢĴꡣ
ūͶ˵ܳﻶȸԾ
ȻѾˣɽҲƽ£ү׼ͣ˾̻ؾүصǰ£ȥ֮¸֮ء
үżȥ֪Ѿָ飬˵үҪȥˣżʵ
лҪȻһ£о༴֮¡
֪¼үδ˵£ԼҲʣү£һӸʵġ
⻰
༴СŮϣǶӻŮء

157Ĳ˺

϶죬һ磬үʹԼ뿪ɽ򾩳Ƿ
˰죬үٶʹˣ°Թֺϻݡ
ҪүЩôأºˣүԴˣݡ
ЩҲԸļˡ˵ԼǱİǣȥǵġ
ү·иôЩūʮԴġ
ӿٶȣ׷үֻЩѽѼѽһ·Żȥˡ
ǿԺֵŮҲϢ
ӣūѾ˾Ѿڸⰲٺˡһ磬Ժˡ
л񹫹Ҫ鷳񹫹չ˺Ǻӡȼͻȥɡ棬ԱҲʮֵ¾Ȼ˵ĸء
ڴϵԼĴӣԼҲԼǰ¾ϵĺӣ˸ô
Ҫִ¡վŵ˵
ȻҪˣŮɷΪʲôһߵǰҲ˵Ůǻûġ
ûԼˣ˱£ǰԺ˵ˣүҪˣҲû׼ţʲôʱҪǰԺŵġ
ߺȥֹ
˽糶ɡղں̸ڼ䣬ǰǸһġҲǹأԺŮ·δȫͷɢǲܼ˵ģǰˡҲеġ
һ־ˡ
ҼϦϢżʵ˯ãԲãԼ˵ˣԷ֪󣬻᲻ɱϦ
Ϣˣֿ֪ԼķǸʲôˡʵһ֪ġ
Ҳ𾪣ķ֪ģֻǴС÷ƽʱȥССĶѣҲ˵ʲô
ū֪ϲĲ
֪㻹иŮûбץߣֻǱŮĸ׸ˣŮǮȥˡֵָıӴֿĺܣôôͿء
ֱһ𾪵ڵأû뵽Ȼĸô
ģƽʱͶģҺһֱĸŵģĸὫӸġ
ֿ޵һѣôŬ׬Ǯϧ˲¹ͷ֮УΪȫƽѡ

158

һǮȥģˣȥһǮҪѪ޹顣ֱ˱ծƵ
һ첻ǮһһָͷĸţȥܱܣץˣһԿָͷ
ǲˣûǮˣȻ֪˱㽫ĴŮ԰Ż˼ǮơϵԴŻġ꽫ԭԭ˵
ٴҲ겻ѣҲΪʲôһֱϲЩĲˡ
ģĸôϦϦŮֻǲܽܡ
׶ӺŮ̫̫϶ѡ׶ӵġƮƮһ仰׻ĵ׵õϣ
ȾϦ԰ʲôطū֪װ׵ŮȥģԺôءֹһһϥеߣˡ
ַİɣǰԺ񹫹Ѿ˽ӳˣСֻ˵㾪ŶѡԼɣǽô졣ҲһֱţҲʲô취
ԼŮƽ£һҲԭءͻȥ˵ʲôҲԸġ
ūｫϦѾͷʹãʲôϦģֻϣڷԣط˯
ĬֿûмϦôһףͻȥԺҲеڶεġ
㽹ĳȥ׼飬ͱˡš
ǣɡðɡ˵ģ£ֻ÷ˡ
һᣬǹԼһأˣǸı°ɡ
Ǻðɣȥ֪ͨ񹫹͵ԺѾͷĻɡ
ǣ¸ˣܳȥˡ
ֲĺӣĸʲôһЦҡҡͷͬĿЦá
ллллūū֤ϦԲ֮µġл
صĿലǰĵذϣ޵½ʪһ顣仰Ҳġ
ȥϢɣˣһùȥġ໹Ϻ˾Ӷ࣬ᶼϣĻĳ
ǼģͽҲûȥˡ
йһתȦء
ȥãִֺһŮӹˡŮһСĶЩµ
ǰżƹƵ˵һˣȥѼš
⻰
쿴һЦ˵һСÿϿյͶ˵ǼҿյˣŵҲҿֱҪʱСŮְְ֣ΪʲôҰְ˵˵Ŀյŵö˯ˣСŮشˣ㿴Ǻֵ𣿡

159Ҳֺ

£־Ǻǰ·鶼Ů˵ˡ
Ůһ͹ǰ
ʲôأ˷ԸŮӷ˻ûߵǰأŮصĸһͷ
Ҷ˵ˣңŶūŶлｫūžȳ԰ūŶùԸһ¡
Ůžʹͷ­࿴顣
ɣͲˣԺĹ㣬Ժú¾УȥɡϵһЩ໹Ҫ˵ģҲض˵ʣµ̵С
Ϧվ˵Լĸ׸ǰ˺˺ˡ࿴˵ıӰϦѾûԼǰľнԼĸףϦǸÿʣĸСŮ
иĵСްҲ಻ɵ
ôˣأûиŮҲ֪ôģ磬Ǹ񡣡
Ҳ˵˵ҲŮãҲϲŮӣԺֻеλ
໹
ѵŮ𣿡
ѽСһָıӣЦ
ڶ⣬ҾǸӡţʹԱҲܹΧĽŸȦ
ͦ˵İôġƽʱ⹷ӿɸ߰ˣģҲ֪ôˣȻô˳
Ҳ˼ĽβͻʹҡҰڡ
໹ٿܵѼܺ£౾˹ȥأԼˣʱϻһѡ
⹷ҲûֱҧҧѾһ·
ֱϵĸǰͣ¡ѷ£
ǸҵġָָָָԼѵŴ̶ôߡ
βҡҡ
ҿߵˣǺǣꡱ
ͷǰѣط
￴ţѾӦǲժģɫģϴǱҧϵġ˵껹˶һۡǱֻҧġ
ŶǴժȥոչĵطôʱˣ໹ûѾˡ
һмѣҲź죬ܳˣ̨泤أƽʱҲֻҧ±ߵһ
Ŷԭֺأȥ԰ɡڶֻӵ˼ˡԺӵֺء
⻰
Ҫˣܲƽء

1601

⴮Լų԰ɣˣڳԡԴʵͦŸʵڲ
šͻȻһʹ⣬ת˲ţȴûкԡ
ȷɫı꣬ʱˣûȥϢˣǰࡣ
һǰţһʱŵʵôˡ
ҹҪˡ˻һֳһƬңϴֱߵĲյŶ˫ֲ֪յĶʹĻľˡ
ƽʱһֱעһһոʹʱԲµ˳ˡ
ҹȥС¹أС¹ӡȻ漴ˡ
ǰЩӶˣԱߣֱȥʡ
أءС¹ӱԶվţһˡ
С¹ȥ֪ͨǰԺ̫ҽнҽһͬйС¹˶Ժ
Ժūᶼԭվţ֪롣
ȥ᷿ŶйȫȥˮȥָһˮСѾͷȥ
ʱҪˮǹˣȻ֪ŷԸȥˮ
ôˣôˡϵæܳ
ڼһþߡҪˡϼֳæҪ½ȥʱǹϵСأ
һ⻹˵øȥöˡ
Īһ£š౾˵ŸտʼʹҪһأ⻰û˵أһ顣
ɵӣ˵ʲôأŮӻиʱ䣬˵ˣܵȵġ漴ԸϽȥ
Ҳˣ˵ҲԣеиºӣеиСʱˡɲҶԼʱ
սãűˡ
裬ǿ쿴ҪˡŶˣæͷߡ
ȱ𼱣ȥ֣ȥ豻һ򡣣ˤ
Ŷǣȥﻹءּʱſʼһɵʹ
ǰظĶӣһŵūŹ̥λǺõģһѡ
¾̥̥λ̥λ黹ܼģǲٶġ
˫̥ʱʱ˵㡣
ｫѵȻ̥λģôҪڿû

1622

ǰѵĿӣϰȥѿӣ໹ģһʹѵӡ
ӸϣϾŴ˻ûôţ¶ƨɴȵġ
̧չϵıӣ̽뱻СӶ֪ҽôû
ǰҲֻȴȫûԹһȥһţ֮ǸʹҲûߣˡ
ţۡ
ʹһۡ
裬㣬ﱾͺʹˡӦţȴû⡣
ǸŮӲʹģ˵Ǽ鹬ڣҲǲʹûʹ˽гĵز
һᣬֱӱó˵⹬ڻûأҪҪһʱء
лл裬ֻҪҰȫ費òġ
໹û˵꣬Ͼͽˡ
ˣڿûҽѾˡϸղһֱûһǰŶԺˣǼʱƷԼӳȶ
мҪû׼ЩСҪˣϻԼһŷġ
ˣĹڻûءﻹ´ڿĿЩ
˵裬ĲûһҲоʮȻ֪ڲڡ
ãǹﴩ·ҽѰϵľҲġ
Ͽﲢδ֮ʱǹ鸡ʺϼ̥Ȼ֮ףôȰҽǰҲѹһ֮Ҳǲյյ
ǻҽⶫԺһˡ˵ɲܹ⿿ţҲҪģһ̫ҽҲÿš
ǰԺٶҲ죬С¹һ˵ˣǶԺʱҪˣۿүˣʱɲܳ¡
ѸȥѡһƥƽʱҪүҲ̫Ӧѧģ˵Ȳү˻ǿġ
ϵſʱѾرգүƲŵԽȥ
ȥֱ̫ҽԺҵ̫ҽ˵˾ܡ
㣬ôˣ̫ҽϾʹˣûȽ
̫ҽ߰ɣλҪˡ
⻰һ̫ҽҲ֪˭ˣһ檻̫ҽտġ˵Ǿˡ
̫ҽҲҶය֪ģϿүļأá
һ·ſڸȥ
Ȼ̫ҽͲˣ̫ҽ

1633

˵̫ҽ˿ʱоƨɶģʻһһġ
⻹ûأֱһֱǰԺС¹ܡ
СȡȻᣬҡҴ̫ҽоԼ㵽˶ԺҲҪεһˡ
̫ҽܵˣҼҹҪˡС¹żԼҹǻ̫ܵҽ۲ۡ
ҾϢһᣬᵢεġ
С¹濴̫ҽȷʵĲУֻôӦˡ̫ҽ͵ǰԺ¡
оԼöˣڵ˶ԺεҲҪС¹ӴޣվС¹Ժȥ
ĺԺˣҲѾ֪˶ԺҪˣⲻĶʼ궯ˡ
Ժ
񣬶ԺѾˣ˵ҽѾȥˣȥｫ̫ҽˡҽԼղŴϢ߽ϡ
ɲžŸ²ءҲá
ᶫԺҵʱ˭֪ʱˣ˭ġô˽ģ鶼ò飬˵үỹ֪ʲôʱء
ԺүˣѾˣӺԺһʱµŮӣġ
ʱҪ֣Ǹʱ϶С˵
ȻǺʱȻҪס߰ɣȥȥ
ϴŷӣ뿪˱Ժȥ˶Ժ
һĻǡñϵѾͷϼ¾ͽ
˵ԺҪˣŷӣҺȥ˶Ժ
ҪˣҪҼǵòĻϲŲŸ£ˡߣҲȥ
ԺӣŮȫҪȥġȻԺݶȥˣȥʡ
ȸϵ˵ʱ򣬸߲รϣϣҶϣϣ½Ѿˣһġ
ร
񰲣񰲣Ҷظ񰲡
ɣ⻹ͦŶأӻأؾͻȥɡ
Ȼ˼ȴˡ
ֺϣ½һһƽ
ǣūͻȥȻҪţȻ⡣
ʱһų
ͷ̥ڻûأһʱˡ̧ͷʱԵĳ½ϸǰķӿһۣ΢΢ͷֽͷ£˲
ҲˣأȻȥԺ붫ԺĻһ֪ͨҵġ
ϷеĲ豭˵Ҳͷ̥ҪЩʱġѾˣŮҲˡ
ˡ˵ǽϣĿѾﵽˣٴҲû£ο⺢ҲܸҲҪôġ
˼˴ͷһһߵǸϡ뿪ʱһ۲ķ
⻰
ͻȻж˵հĳԣҲ˵ʲôĳҵûϸΪоǳĶһɵɵķֲ塣ؾļֶΣȻеĶ߲ϲֻϣǿĬĬġҲжϲⱾġΪǽⲿдꡣ

1644

Ǹ꣬ûġȸϵߺû˵
ţ֪ûģžˡһַһַ꣬߶
ղ̫ҽ˼źҽһ̫ҽ֪֮ǰӴģ籸´߲ҩ๬ڿˣʱ۵ûˣǺӴ˶Σա
ʵڲеʱͺȴ߲ҩºӡ
ߣүߵʱ˵ˣԺǻҽŹǿн¡ԺɲҪǡ֮ǰүЩ˴̥˺Ժ˽Ժ
Ͻү٣ǸԺµģǿн˶Ժ
ʹƵˣҲû˵ģ˵
ˣϸŵ㣬Ҫˣⲻǻзô
ֻñ죬רķࡣ
ҹѹ룬ԺȴУƻͨӵļʹ
ˣۣȥš಻֪ӾȻĺۣ޲ý׿
ϴе鹬ڡ
ɣū鹬ڿû
ԣԷͣһʹ಻ɵ˫ʹ˫ץϵıӡ
Եһᣬ۹ȥʱǿ̣һ
УĹڻûȥɲУ鷳ｫ߲ҩȥһῴ
ϾˣŲæָˡ
ȥҩʱһֱſڵŵϡ
ˡһֱ棬˻ˮ㡣
ˣ﹬ûùȰ̥ҩ˵žͳԱߵ̫ҽȥ̫ҽһֱڰҩ¯Աߡ
ȻҲ˵ģ»һҪˡ
ҩͻزˣϺȥţԵҲҪչš
ˣȥŹɣҲܰЩūտš
Ҳæͷ£ڲȥ겻˲˵
Ǿ鷳ˣҽȥࡱ£ƿŽȥ
սȥʹ
࣬࣬ôˡ۵Ŀ԰׵С
ţۡ߬ϵֱۡ˳Ų԰׵С¡
ޣӣסСǣ㲻һֱҪСް𣿡ڳһֻ֣Ա߱õӣɾϵˮ
ˣˣڿˣʣŵһ߲ҩһֱأڿˣүŸˡ

1655

ĹȫѾ峿ˡ
ڼȥ˼Σ̫ҽվ䣬ָУѹġ
๬ȫʱ򣬺ԺԺڶԺϢūһϢԼԺ
ľǾͶԺĸϺϡ˲½½Ĺ
˸£ھʹĺ
̫ҽ̫ҽιȥˡ֮ǿŻŵĴ߳
Уﶼû˷ӳ̫ҽô찡ȥϼ˿ûվ̫ҽǰż
⣬⡭Ҳûа취ιȥ룬ʹѹǣ̫ҽ˵һ˲ȥ
ǻʲôأ̫ҽҽȾҼҹ̫ҽתߡȴԵסˡ
ⲻУôҲүŮˣһ
վ˵οɲΪѣΪֹǸŮӻҪдȥŵģɺͳ
⣬ǹѾˣڲþˡŷӦʵӣӶûһӽȥȷʵС
ѡ洫żĺӲ֪ˡ
ȥչ˹ﴩã̫ҽȥڱۿɣֻʰ׵ͳˡ
æȥһﴫ̫ҽ鷳롣
£̫ҽűҩ׼Žȥſŵһ
㴩ء仰Ϊ
รү檣үĳӳŮҪиһรɵ𡣡˵һֱĬĬŵҶϡʹԼǰѾͷ
ּ״Ҳǰߣһǵֵ˵ɵıˡ
̫ҽҲ˳Ľ
Ƿֱֶ
รǶԺǼҹүūԸһеҲˣŶŸˡ
ߡүϻЩɵģүĳ谮Ǵ˴СˣүҲһʱ䡣ûͲôˡ
̫ҽȥһᣬʹ˵ˡ
һȻˡ
ڲ棬̫ҽʰԼϵĻóƬ
ƬţԻָһ˵ͳ˲
ѵӣһʹףҿӣ̽ͷȥ
һūŵĻþẢӵͷѾõˡ˵

1666

ѵĵͷʼ˵
ʱѾˣԺûϢǾһ
ʱȴȥ˳ſڣʱģүӦûˡ
үĲֹһˣйǬ幬̫ࡣ
ҲŸյſš
ʱһʿųصĴš
ۼڳſİգȥĽĳÿ춼ȳſڳͨˣ߳ţվſڵš
ԶԶƥ۶ڿҪʱ֮
֮ˣȴ֮ˡ
үˡүǰԹԵĸǺ档
ţһжáүĴϵɳҹ·Ҳǽƣˡ
һжãūųʱӷˡҲүԭ
ˣūô˵үӣүһʰ㡣
˵үһƿ񣬷˫ȼӽǣͱסˡ
İҪȥأūİְءԱ߹һǺһүǬ幬ūš
үԥˣһԼŮһǻ
İ磬ϻڳϵأİ縮ŮӹҲҪһʱأİȥˣҲǵأȥɾҪүˡ
⹫˵ĻҲԣүҲ֪Ϊǰʱ䷢£Ӳãиһ
үҪȥūȥԺšүΪѣ֪Լڲ˵үҪȥӵġ
үӵԼСá
˵үΪŮˣΥ˵ӣĻƵʱ˵ʲôĶС
ҲУȥţ粽룬үȥȥͻءүŸպÿԣһཫλݵʥּһˡûȥһϲ
ͬ˵үŻʹĹȥǬš˿
Ժ
ʹһ߽໻һ߿֮䡣
ţĺˮѾϵ·ʪͷҲʪϡ
ˣûˣӡˡ𣿡˵Ƕ϶ġȻѾùˡ
סˣˮҲˣٲҪڶġżĺ޲ʹ
ˣںһ㣬޵ôһ£һˣһͺˡ˶ϼι˼ڡ
ʵڲūſɻзӣҪˡʵûа취ȥСס
辡˵û裬ˡ

1677

ūǰҲǽŮ˵ڣˣҲóǹ꺢ҲҪܵһʱ䡣
˵ķҲ֪ģִиõС*С
ִþ߶ǾģŴûôȽǿˮ̼ѡ
Ѿ벻ôˣоԼҪľ˲ôˡ
סҪԵϣͷ
ϼòУŮôԼءҲǾΨһֻܱˡ
ȥһ̵ĿˮһҪտġһָϦ
ϦЩֵҲ죬ĸүͣĶĿǰҲûгָҲңѪˮȥˮˡ
Ϧ»ˮһ֣ѸٵĴϵƷһѼˮһᣬüӼгˡ
øɾĨˮգȻԣûע⵽͵͵ĴӻóһͿĨڼϡ
ϺͷӶӵǸţܣƽʱ˳衣
ΪԼû˿ȴ뱻һ˫۾ȫȥˡ
ҿȼıʱһ衣
ܣѼӴǹ塣˵ǶˮϦ
豻Ϧס˫֣û취֣ɵŭ֣㲻Ҫڵʱˡ
ϦʲôĹ㣬ġһƿϦ
ϦҲǸǿƢö־ǲö֡
Ϧ㲻趯֣ɰɡ侲֪ʱϦӦò
ϦҲʱ˵ģڲ˵С
ūŵūôẦأ˵ūŸղƵˣǸʱĵĴöĨڼˣūŲѼڹϡ
һϦĻȫתͷһߵ裬豻ͷƤ飬ס⵽
Ѿͷ˵ʲôڹҪʱ̣ɲ⵷ҡ
û˵̫ҽأ¾֪ˣ»ѼϽϲȥϰҪ
裬Ϧż˲
ļ̫ҽ轻С¹ӿءֽţһҪŪ
̫ҽ鷳Ͽʲô
С¹ѹŵ費Ŀһ۽ϣϺݺݵĸһŵջĿ⡣
̫ҽʣָͷڼвλһ£
üͷһˡǡ

168Ǭ

ͿŨȼǿɢƽʱõĶ࣬ŨʹֹʹЧ
̫ҽû˵أǱ߱С¹סż˵
û̫ҽ˵ˣֹ۵ġʵҲ֪ҩʲôãʱӸʱҲֻ˵ˣӻⶫھͳɡ
˭뵽ֻ裬ͲŶ뽫ҩͿڼϵġ
졣С¹ӺݺݵŤĸ첲
̫ҽû˵ҩƽʱֹʹãŨôǳ˿ȥǡǡзЧûðɡ
̫ҽŷӦӲóġ
Ҳһ̫ҽ˼ǣǹˣôܾͻѪֹ
ܸأˣôͿܴѪ̫ҽôеôػضҪء
С¹ӣûŴȥ
ҲŪôˣŸʹõļͿ˶ɡϧ˷ˡ
ʱﴫʹֻһͣˣҲǸʲô
ʱ򣬾ͼС¹Ѻ˳ȥС¹㲻ԺźӣôѺˡ
үү˵֪ūȻǹǹͿʹѪҩūⲻǽô
Ŷ¡ȥȥŶԺǷЩˣүϾͻˣκԺټλˡ
ʹ
˴ǰȥɽ֣Ȼأҿʰʱôɽ֮¡үһǬţȽɽ齲һߣڿ˻һ䡣
úúãҲ˵޵ĺã֪˴Ӷǰҹģ֮Ѿ۳ˡ
ӺȫǽүΪһεĽӰò
үһӺү˵Լҹ취ͲɵúΪӻģ˵
Ҳǽҷżضѡ
˵㶼εù޾ͷΪ㻹δǳף㸣ھʱͲˡڸһ
үһ⻰ּ֪ʱˡ
ʰ꣬Դ˵ķӣҪлһλ檣˵СʱܵС׽ӣ뵽÷ӡ
ؾū˵檽ӣ˶Ϊ񡣡˵ү͹ȥӺ۷үҲģ⻹Ǵ峯һ˸ǬŮӣ֮£ֻһ檶ѡ
Ӻû˵үһֱţʰĪˡ

169󰢸

ģ˵Ŀϣ޿ɼǵ˫̥˫̥ڻҺУӺ۲żסһ檡
ϡүص
áɽйй޽ּΪΪһžѡɡ
ӺүҲǿľɫҲ˲á֡
Ȼ˼Ӻүָһ֣ǾһָҲ˼ҲĴˡ
лʰ¡үóԸĸӺۿͷ
ˣȻĸȻȥɣ칦پСӺүҲƳˣĽĲ֮⳯ϣҲ֪Ǻ¡ǻء
үлԺ󣬻͵͵ܵǬźͷּҪʥּĵĴųˡ
Ժ
һȥ˳ܶˣȻۡɥʹѾʲôˡ
ūŵģһΣ
ۡ
үŸߵԺſڣС۴޵
һֱŵҲصԭææ߽Ժţȥ
һֱྐྵȻȻ˵뷨˿үˡү˲Żعæү밲
ү顱
үûǣʡ
ӸūŻ֪ˡ
˵үżӿһҲˣҲûˣүüζӲȥסˡ
ȵȵȣͻүȣû涼ûˡӵĲ㣬ǲǣүŸϾһͨ
үҲΪүãиӣӽȥĵҲգү
үβһƿҪӲ
ʱſˣֱһСӤˡ
ϲүϲү¿󰢸硣ֱźӲֻ΢΢ͷˡ
󰢸磬Ǹкúúã͡үǰҿŴ󰢸ı̺ӣһͰֺͣͮͮСӡ
үĿɰӲȥˡĳɡ治Υĵһ仰
Ҳûү˼ү˵ǰĺүͳˣ͸ˡ
үԼҴ󰢸Ȥֻˣʵǳ̫ˡ
أôˡȻѾҲûˡ
үĪأﻹһӦûҪᡣ
ү˵û£˲ŲӲ̧һΧˡһ뵽ԭүͿЩ˲˳ۡ
үԼԺȥûүúúԼʱ¡үЩ˾͸еᷳúõӲͻЩĶǣıơ
⻰
쿴СŮʸ⣬˵һ£ÿ8:30£żһ죬ƳһСʱ¡

170

ŮүͻȻŭһľҪϺˡ
Щ֮󣬲ִһʹС
үĶҪŤһˡ࣬ôˣҪŻүүʹŲŰ塣
˿ûʱү
ˣˡۡСèед
ȥֻ˫֮ĺӾȻȸոյĴ󰢸Сһ룬۵Ĳˡ
Ǹ񣬳ĺأ˵㡣Ȳϴ󰢸硣
ˣֻҪǽȫģԺžˡ
үһѽײȰ裬ǰ
Թԣܿˡүʪͷ
үˣûȥ󰢸ʹ񡣡֪үˡоԼۺۣʱ˯ȥ
ү˴󰢸磬ĺܿɰүһſʵڸоÿʱǰοҪɲʱ˵󰢸糤ĳġ
͡үı飬֪үʲôүͰ͵ģȹ쳤ˣͺÿˡ
Ҳʰˡ໻ϸϽ·ϴϸɾı졣
ҲŲϴӡ
үԸ⣬ﶫûãҲáסҲүӡ
үⲻУո飬ãҲ˷硱ϼæȰү
ʲôȥҹİãүȥүñԼŮ˲ˣŮ˸ղŻΪԼӣǾ͸ˡ
ϼүִҪŲݡүҲ׵ЩˣҲûڷ
үһ׼׵׼ȴ˫ۣһɫرĲ԰סүŵ඼ֹͣˡ
̫ҽ̫ҽôˡүХԺ
ϵҲһջúõģôû˶ˡ
ҪǰȴүǸģŵòǰֻñŴĬĬᡣ
̫ҽоԼˣүһģĻء
ոջү˵ˣ˵ӹͳƯˣү˵еױȣ֪αûµġ
̫ҽү˵ȻģҪȥˣүڵ״̬֪ʲôء
ү԰꣬΢͸￴̫ҽߵߣһڣ¶˰׵ָ̽

171ū

Ȼ΢΢˵ಢûг£Ӧֻˡ
үεģϢһʱ䣬úýͳɡ
̫ҽһүһŶ衣ү겻ģ˲ƽͬĵĻˡ
ѽүˡүǰലǰһְֻ԰׵촽ŮΪӣ̫ˡ
Щ¶ǲ֪ģ໻ʱѾ۵Ļ˯ˡ
ȷϺû£еʯͷҲˡһ϶ʹţڲ˵ҲӦ
үվȥͬһͬ
״æǰү»ūšɡ
үһǺݵ£ʣµĬĬ̽
ѽ죬ʲô˵»ܺүûүӶŵȥˣ졣
ʣµľֻοԼŮţҲ
еССĵͽֵĻСȻŽȫȴǱС˲СҪҪϸ
үݣСķ£Ҳȥ飬ˣȥ
һСʱСʱСʱȥˣһѵļûУүСƢˣ¾࣬ѹԼŭ
ūȥˣϽүү˵仰ʱѺɤŵġ
ҲվţûŲȥ˼أʡүۡүæӦ
أūءǧ°û£ү˰ʱ£Ǿ͸ȥлˡ
ү˻ûأͱүһơ
ūţС㣬ӣүÿίԹ
үūʲô°ѧˣСʵ
ȥ̫ҽô¶Сʱˣûү˻һүƣҵĻ
ղ̫ӣӵûѡͻȻūźѰŶūϼѣүūϼڼѡ
ǲܶѣӵĻҪġ
ǣūȥҲÿ̫ҽûߡ
ҵҲ죬һ̫ҽ˶Ժ
΢ߵү׼ľ֮
ô˯ôʱ仹ѡүżоСʱһ
̫ҽǰ͸ղûʲôͬ۵ģĿǰʵϲʲôһġ
ү˯ˣЩʱˡ
ЩʱЩʱǶãү̫ҽģɵĻģɵüء

172ȫ¶

СʱҲСʱֻһ족̫ҽʵڲ֪Ҫү˵೤ʱźʣ۵ģô졣
ǰӣӱһǳͿˣ˯ʱ䳤Щ
̫ҽ˵ǰʱү֪ģڻûʱ䴦£Ҫˡ
Щ˶˲ɣʰʱηǵøһĽѵҪΪ˾ôݺġ
̫ҽû֮ǰͲҪعˡǲ̫ģһֱ̫ҽչ˵ģүǷġ
΢֪ˡһ΢Ѫķӣ˰ιȣӦѵĿ㡣
̫ҽҲү뷨Ӧˡ
ŶˣԺĽྰˣȥɻʰµּ֪ͨȫȻô֪үͽλݵּûˡȻȻӸ˵ġ
ˣоǽү˳ӳŮȫһԺ£ÿʮүģȻȫġ
һȫ¶֪Ժλ˸񣬻ǻ˷ŵĸ񡣶ҶԺǱԺūҲͣôܲˡ
˵ľԺūˣνһ˵õȮ졣Լӵ˷ͣūŵҲӡ
˸ˣȻ˲ˡ˵ľҪԺˡ
˼ˣǼˡžһŭŴصϽǰˡ
үָŽйСûб쾹ȻӦΪϱӡôƽ͡
รϳ˵Щ֪˵ʲô
ôǼһ磬ûϾȻѺˡ
ʱһСѾͷվſڣҲǣҲǡ
վҲǿЦǲǣһ۾ƼСѾͷ
ԺūŶ֪һʲôˡСѾͷ˵ˡ
֪һรʱūжԶԶģ϶Ҫ˵ġ
ϢŭѾͷҪ˵ߵСѾͷһۡʾ˵
Ż
รүǰ񹫹ո˵ү˳ӳŮȫһ˵˵СѾͷĻʵڲ˵
СѾͷ˵ӳŮȷʵѾ֪Ҳûôˡ
ʲôѾͷ˵ôֻ˵һ롣ߴߴٵ
нּΪشͷš
СѾͷһ˵꣬ͶĹһ

173Ȩ

žն²豭ϺݺݵڱСѾͷԴϣ˳·ڵء
СѾͷ޵ĺˣͷһ飬ڲҶ
Ҳһ
߼״ϽСѾͷȥҾ浽⴫¡
´ȥӷǵиƶʵɡ
СѾͷ޿ҭҭĳȥˣҲ˵ġҪľƤ֮ˡ
Ҳָϡ
ϰͲأͳȥˡ
ðǰǸ檶ҷ³˸񣬻һзŵĸҪͷȥˡ
ӣģǲรĿǰλߵģҲǸںҲˣ󻹲󡣡
ǰͼɵϻˣºˣԺеʱˡ
ߡ̹㡣˵Ҳӻء
˵Ժһ˯ʱ䳤˯죬үĴǰ
ϳ˳š
ⲻλСӵϴ֮գүֱСȥǰԺСΪһֱڶԺ
ϴйŴзǳҪһʽӤգҪԡʽἯΪӤףͽϴϴ⣬һϴۻ࣬ѣ󸣣ͼ
˺Ժչľˡ
šǳүڣһֱϵһˡ
࣬ˡǰ鿴
۾һʱ޷͸ֱĹб˫ۡ
ôˡۿ۾Ҫˣֱˡżʵ
ۡ
򵥵֣Ͼʲô˼
æסĿĹߡ
ȫǿ۾
ˮ
ŶūȥԵȡȥˮ˳뼦
񣿡ɻϡ
ЦЦ㻹֪ɣүּǸ񣬻зŵģҪ˵үҪߣҲͱôһ㡣
һˣү͸λˡССɶˡ
ע⡣
Ȼˡ
⻰оҲʹˣ븧Ȩ⡣
ˮͼֺ˼ˮֺһС뼦Ÿоˡ
ءҲһۣٿ
ϴСүȥǰԺˣСΪһֱڶԺأûȥ˵ԵΪҪӣûע⵽
ܱҿϲŮˣûȻҪġ

174

⣬⡭Ϊϡϵͷʾ£Ҫ֪ġ
໹ΪС̫ء׼˵ˣͼתȥˡ
룬ûǰ
һᣬͱһŰ濴ȷʵС
߽ҿİŷĺɫסƽӸеĺ
Ҫô£ͼС˫ۡ
Ȼɫ԰ף۾񣬺۾
СǸո˯ѣȻˣСӤһȻͿˡ
ۡۡۡ۵ĽС񱧽
ϼΣĵáæվ̫ҽ̫ҽСˡ
౾ƣӿô̫ҽһ˲֪ôˡ
ֻԭС԰׵Сͨ죬廹ʼ鴤
ŵҲ֪ô죬ֱᡣ
񣬿콫С֡æ
ཫС񽻵У̫ҽһĴһСؿڡС˲䲻ٳ鴤ֱŸϽιˡ
ļǸ̽ԼŮڡжʹųҪֿࡣ
̫ҽô£ɾϵˮתĿ⿴̫ҽʵ
ǰ㣬˶ѻڸУ˴Ӥϡ̫ҽҲ֪¾Ȼݱ
СҲˡ˶ˡԴһƬհס
Сȴǡǡ෴СǸкӰ죬Ϊĸֳ㣬Ǹġ
ССŮҩȻתС档
̫ҽֱӸ˵оȡֻҪܻţͶ⡣
ţѰҲ֪ССӤֻޣٶΣҲȲˡ̫ҽ𵽡
̫ҽ˵оԼһһģ޷Ȭ
ҿøÿ챣ƽƵɻоȡ
СΪ㣬𻵲ᣬÿξҿͻᵼڸ³鴤ƽʱĻп԰Ȼ󣬲Ժ󡭡
̫ҽҲ֪ò˵ǹغŮһĴ¡
̫ҽ˵˰ɣҪ֪ġȻ֪µġ
Сպ󳤴޷Ѿ塣
Ȼ¾ӹ𣬵޷С
ֻԼһζãڳ˲֪
Ժ£಻·ˡ

ܱ޷侲ֻŽŮϵһжǰݸ͡Ҫֻ

175

߲รǰԺӴǰףصŮ졣֪ʲôʣҲͻشˡ
𣿺ҵĺӣҵĺ£ô˵ͽϵıӣ׼´
࣬Ǹ廹ء֪ӣҪһеҸˡ
ŮҵҵõʲôһʬŮӻ˵˵һ𣿡
ڻ֪ʱż϶ֽŵ¡Ŀǰûü˵
ڵ岻¡ϼȰ赽
ҾҪ⸱ӣôҿĵýִϸ͸˵
ֲֻ࣬úһһҷȥǰԺ
ǰԺרд˵ĴΪǰͺǰдпͣдŮ͡
ʱүĲɵĺűоƣڵ࣬Ҳ֪ʲôʱܹ
ʱƣ飬ү飬ʾơүƣүƱ
үһγӳŮˣĽ˫̥Ǽ񰡣
үãүľҲүԸԳ
˵꣬Ʊһоơ
˵˼ˣүĵĿڳˣ㾴ңҾ㡣
񣬶ԺϢ
ʱûСѾүϯʼڶʮˣԼĪһյһΣ񶼿츴ˡ
ôûأҲȥɡүеľƱҪϯ
ϣүѽ˲ߣǴ󰢸ϴ˼ңôˡ
үγ֪ǲܸ࣬о
Ҳ˵Ķԣ˼ҡɲˣֻȥűеľơ
ϵĶҲˡһֹ
ѽҲʱˣôҲû߷ָָϵĶӡ
ֲǲ֪ʣйˡ˵үÿζͱҪŮôء
Ҳ뻳أʵҲû͸ôˡŸүأͻˡ
ӡ߷Ҳ֪˵ʲôοϣϵģ⣬һֱ棬˸ϲүĲร
Ϊʼѡ㣬вĶܲѡ߱ȴΪ˼棬ĵĽв
һô졣Ů˼ģԺԻòŮƣûкӣô档

176ɺöĬ

Ī⸮ɻһ檸ϡ˵Ǹ֮ˣҲһ檡֪ΪʲôܵڻȻ¡
֮˽ĶȻŮڶ࣬˵ʲôǰźҲֶֻѡ
߷ͦŶӵĸȥүһ֮УΪ˵͵㻳Ҳ˹Ŀ
˵Ǹߵġ߷ջĿ⣬תͷȥԼŮ
ԼԼܵԺ˵šϽ֮¼򵥵˵һ顣
ôУӵĸڣǺӸ㻹𣿡
㵱ɵ߷뵽ģô벻ӦҲֻʱҪѣȺĸѲʤ
¸߷˲ĵͷլԺҪٻ͵ú㣬ֻ˵ĵʯѡ
ֻǸϻڹо׵ĵҪֶθԺЩǣͷˡ
񻹲Ǳ̵ķЩǣǸԹ
С磬СϴôСأ˵ǿү̫ӵĵڶӺꕑ޿ɺöĬϡ
˵Ŀү谮ģҪз̫ǰƽǻλ֮ϵľ¾޺ꕑˡ
ǼˣС׼ˣ꣬׼ˡϷſ߷˵֣ʾߴ߷˻صλȥȻźͿɺöĬ˵
Ǳû۸ˡôһû˫̥أܼһء檶˺ˣรôغǺǡ
ɺöĬϳסǺֱЦǼҿͺİ粻̣ȻҲһรʲôɫ
ҪԼһǲԿˡϿ챻Ůˣ˵һô
㡱ɺöĬϱһ仰µܵģ˭֪ӣǣһһƫƫС
ҾңİҲýӵո븮ˡϴʹȻҲ֪ʹ
͸ˣʲôʱȢոҲү˵㡣˵ǲ⾩֮мֳ棬ɿɺöĬɹģԶ˵ᵽ
Ҳ֪˻Ϊġ
ߣͿţȵոˣ㻹Ǹλ˵
䳰ȷȴϷμĵĽкϷȻ

177ʲôˣ֪

ʱߵǰԺſڡ
ΪССϴ񣬳˴źūǣһֵ˶ȥԾȥˡ
Ҳˣŵ̫Ǹջģȶ˾ƣȥȥˣ˹ʱųһˡ
Խǰֱ
ȿ˵ǸϣΪĵλΪ£棬ⲻ˸ת䣬ͱƼˡ
ͬ¿˵ĻиϵѾͷϼ
⾰ôˡ
ϼӣֹϼһ͵û
϶ŲϼҡҡͷϼȻ֪Լҹʲô˼õͷ
Ϊʲôòϼ˵Ϊֻһ£Ҳδױ绹ĺϴϣҲǲμġ
οողʲôܼ⾰񲻹ܳдˣǲҪͷĺá
ȷʵûãо۵һŭ֧
߽˲ȸˢˢתͷࡣ
ʶģҲвʶġʶȻˣʶľǽıˡҲ˲²⡣
һ磬Լ壬Ҳ֪λǸĴ󰢸ľˡ
ֱŰڸԱߣһˣæеİ罻ɽС
ôˣӡּú޲ý࿹ضԺȥ
֣ҽ´ȴһߣҴȻضԺһƿ֡
ֱһƣƵߡ
ּ޷Ȱֻ࣬ȰĿϡϳҡҡͷ
ʵϾѹֵģԼŮǵ񣬲ڷйĲġ
ڻعףϽķȫΪԤŮ׳ֵĲ֢
ּ϶û취ֻ࣬˳֣үŹһŴ󰢸ģȴ֪ȥˡ
ʲôμӵϴҲҪױٳĳɺͳ
ϱͺ͸ּ࣬һģҪݺһ٣֪⸮ﻹиร
ϣ㲻ǰڳһรļӣʲô˼֪Ҳ֪ҽҪ֪಻ӡ
Ϊ֧ԭ嶼
Ů쿴żƣһϷҪˣֵˡ

178෢

ϣ˴󰢸񣬷˾񣬿Ǳ⸮Ĳร
ˣϴȥͻضԺйҿԲƽĲ֮ͷ㳭дŮ£úѧѧ
ûᴦأⲻˣ첻úóͲǸϡ
ߣҩǰ׼ǿ뿪ꡣ
˭Ҷҡһȣŵҩ
ǰҲǼģƻеģֻƽѧУûбҪһµӡ
ǺǣŮ£ʸŮЩֶΣνŮ¡ɲѧ
˵һһ˦˦һ˳ĸȥ
˻һ˲֪⸱ģԭˡ
Ȧӣ˭и紵ݶҶ֪֪⾰δ¾Ͳ˫̥
߲รֱʡ
ˣҸ߸Ůһ˵Ǹ߷ˣĻҲ˼ҲһԼŮӡ
ͷ˵֮ˡһԼ֮ˣֻüֻһɼ̱֮
ĻУҲ֪λ˹ƾǸϵĸס߱Ľᷢӡ
ԭǸ߷ˣԭȲ֪ϵǺ˭ѧֶΣ˸߷ˣҲ֪ĸŮ仰޵
ϸڶ㣬ҪһʬҪҼүûӡǸ߷˽̵İɡ
һ˵˵ܣ˵ԲԼŮ뵽Ůֹס
һ㣬һʬҪǾ䣬İĺӣ
⾰ôҪĳ˵µʵԾͰ˾Ųʮˡ
˻һ˫񡣼ָ֤˸ϣͬʱ˸߷ˡ
ĿɶǾǵĹ壬ɻ֪߷ϥ¿ɻŮһӶδɻ顣
ΪϵӵŮԺȢɶлл˼ҵĺӣǽ֪߷һˣ˭Ȣ߼Ů
˵ȢȥԼӣԼӶϣǿɲá
˵ʲôʲôҽ̵ģҼŮ֪񣬸Ͳ˵߷˸ϽͣЩˣûö˵еģеľͳ˵ĸءɲŮ
Ȼ߷ûУͿţûԼ⡣ڿڣҾֻܵϽƱ磬ôͰ̵ģ˸ϲ޴ӱ⡣
˻һΧһƬǸղŵɺöĬϡ
⻰
ཫںϼܣϼܱŰ

179

ǰ߷ˣ⾰˵ҲͿžˣû뾰Ҳԩ˸߲ร
ɺöĬ϶Щรʲôģˣ카үڸ˿ȻҪֻⲻˡ
㣬ߡ߷˺ݺݵһ˦ֻϣԼŮӦˡ
ϼԼﶼżĺܡ֮Ըģֲģû֡
ֻҪϣ˭Ҳû취
ϣ㲻ҪߣҲ֪˵ʲô㡣ɱԩҡ
ʱյֲŴĵĴӲ߽
棬ôˣЩôѵſڶµʵʵġ߽һ֪Ȼˡ
ǡʱѰֵҲ֣æȥ
ֹϽǰү㣬ǼҸŲס
Ҳ֪ҪˣҲ֣Ⱦǰȥ
ԩ㣬ǲรңɼ
нӹһľϻӣԽľϻǰ򿪣ȡһ֧ڸǰ
ӿԺҵģūš
֧ǰȥûģҪϸǲǸϵ֧һֱûлȥ
ֻһ֧ɵƽòġ
ȷϵģǿɶ߲รš
ɼǵã֧ǰรǺϲģţһûڴˡ
˵ҶϣȻѡվߣȻǰˡ
ҶϸмЦЦ·ϣǽϵ¶˵ˣȻҲ˵Ҷϰסߣ̫ҽܽΪʩΡ
ҶݸһЦ
߷˽Ÿվͱѹλ
ˣĪ㿴ร
߷ȥ
еϣеĺϵĲˮ
óʲô֤أ˰죬ῴ˷ˡ
֧ȷʵӵġһǰ͸ˡʾ֪ˡ
ô˵ҲŴ¸ϲ֪תͷϣҲȥ
ūſԩร͵֧ūںܾ֮ǰͶˡΪǲร͵ģūҲ˵ϱ⵽û֤ݣɲˡ
ѽ϶˾Ͷˣ㿴һ񶼸ְһรˡ
˵⻰ʱˣ·ϡ
࿴ŸǸʵ̲סǰžһƳڸϡ

180ƹ

Ȼ͸ˣΪϰƵʱȫǱעһ˺ݺݵһƳȥ
ϴСǽ֦Ҷųġʱݺݵĳƣƽʱֻ˵ģʲôʱֵ˳ֳϣȫǾǹ󸾵ǰ
ҲԾ˵Ҳֲһѵ
ڳǰ֮ӦΪԣݺݵĳǰƳķˤȥ˶
Ҳҿһֱ󣬼ʱķסˤ̨׵ࡣ
۸ϾͲ̫ˡϣΪݺݵһƣϱͷתһߡݺݵĿְϡ
ȸϲ˼̧ͷʱͷһһԵָͷӡ
ϣ㾹Ҵңˣˣץסรúý̽ôһ񡣡
ʱıǻˣƽʱΪװºʹԳҵģҲǵһԳƱร
ҩȥסꡣϺǰҪȥģȴҲ߷˴ְѺš
ߵ̫ȫǰһ䡣ոյڳϵǰˣûţȫһŲڸǰߵȶûֱ
ϣұ꣬ƽϣ·ϣรҶƹҡҾү㡣
˵Ͷȫ˵ƹʮ
ȫ˫ָֻ࣬䷢ԿԵ
żร㲻ǸŲסģҪ򣬾ʹңǼҸš
꣬ãҲͰˣҪûһ죬һӱҽ֮ࡣ
Լ˽⣬˵ȫٴʮ£ƽ߲ˡ
ϣ㻹вң˵ƹʮѣ˵ģҴ򡣡
ž
ŸϵĻ䣬صһ
ӵɱˣ˲ͱſڵϡѪ
ҪรͲү𣿡ʹţۡ
ߣүѵȫ٣
ȫٶһַֻࡣҪˣū־Ҳ֪صģൣ㡣
˵𣬶ȥŵûˣǻȫء
ۿȫٵ£⴫һס֡
䣬Ҳ˿˿ŭ
ʱ˲ʧ׼ʱһƿҩײȫ١
һѱס࣬ķڵϡ

181ʱү

߽Ӱү֡
檣μİ硣
İ磬λ󸾻ġ
ɿǰŭ⵽ټүʱ򣬿סֺϵѾ͵͵Ļص߷ߡ
߾ֵĺǳ⣬ɿ
ȥλȥǰүҲԼ±˼ҵϷ˱㰲
λҲ֪ү˼Ȼ˼˼ҶҲܲȻǺȥ
߷˾Ͳȥˣһ鿴ɣϾ¸Ҳڡ
߷ҲߣԼŮҲ
Ⱥﻹߵ˶ˣͻȻ˵
ү泼ͻȻǰԩ檣檱žոƽϣ˭֪Ȼƹ檣ôรǰóԺô㰡
ٿ檵ˣͷˡ
ԹԵ˵үѹûһֻۡǶ
˭ġүŭˣԼˣ챻˴ôܲŭ
Ǿ񡭡ϻΪүأ׼˵һأͼүȥ
үʣ˭ġүǰ۾ðܻ𻨡
ǡūūŴȫٱүŭŵãһڵϣҴ
ģõĺܣȥүһ¡үתͷݺݵĿԱߵȫ١
үүһ㲻ҲˡүҪ֪ŵ˿ɲôױ۸á
ϽȥүŹС̫ŵС̫Ѻų˴
รȾūšȫٱϳȥʱϾ
үϻû˵ڣͱүĿŵòٶԣûмү׺ݵĿ⡣
ŸǼҸȥϢ̫ҽȥơү仰ȻǶ˵ġ
ү⻰׼ȥϢȴӿˡӣүǰصĹͷ淢ײͷġ
ʲôʲô˵үȥվȴ㿪ˡ
үūΪĸΪǵŮôС͵޷ҽεĲūŲܴ˿
˵һصĿͷۡȥȴû̧ͷڱү£Ҳڶүǵ΢ĩ顣
˿᲻ѣͨͨүǰ
үΪǼҸΪС
⻰
Ҫϼˣϲľ㸶ҲġСŮǡ
콫ҪŰϣϺͽˡСŮôŰأԸ
ло콫£Ժÿȶ£Ϊȫְ裬ڼҪչ椡£ڵļӸ

182ү

ϣʲô˼㾹Ȼҵү棬ҡϲһվ
û˻Ӧϵʡ
ڵϵҡҡ׹ֻΪ˵үڣһֱû̧ͷ
ʱһһȥˣϵһ˳ӴĶͷݵȫ
ͳԶүˣŰɣүͰ½ˡүŵϴˣڴµģ˭֪ˣֵǰԺˡ
үҲֻ࣬ϧԼ塣СҲŮװܿġ
үɿڣ֧ȫ˲߽⣬ڵء
࣬ôˣүȥү൹أĵǷȫжϡߡ
үūĶȥ´ˣūٻضԺһʱԼݻûתԳūš
үֲֻ࣬˰һŹΣ档ϻһ̺ӡ
ȥ̫ҽйҸ񿴿үǾҪ̫ҽ
үžรңžȫҲʼ̡ǰǸ˾ġ
౻еͷۣоܷꡣ˺ӵˣӦþȫɱĽܲ
үƼһ˲ķ꣬Ը֡ȥϴ򣬳ˡ
ȥһȫٵˣֻƤžžһ㲻ȥģִˣ֮˵Ҳˣһ㶼ġ
үûм飬еǰȲ裬వﲻͣүĸ첲үȫΪ
ǧתҲᷴ˰ɡ
үǿ뷨һЦеȵȣ̫ҽΪˣүڽү˵ţҲţֱһͷڷ
Աү檾ӶҪˣǺʱү
ү˳ȴȫǶģôܲء
ƽʱ͸һϣ˫סֻӡ͸¶ĽȻĽ̶ãȻǼʡ
ĽүĽүˣãȻ֪ԼĲãʵԼ½һֱүĶԴ
ôˡվĴݵʵҲǷԼӵĲԾżʱʵġһʧ̬
Ŷû¡ϻָ飬ɱǸ͸ϡ
ү˵κҲҿ˵ʲôǲߣүڵţֻŵȣ˵үҲߵġ

183ү

˵һᣬ̫ҽ١
΢ү밲ร밲̫ҽȸү͸Ŷүʰλ񰲡檣̫ҽֱӺԡ
̫ҽɣ澰ơү
̫ҽоԼ˶ԺĴˣչǸ˭ԼǸūء
̫ҽĶĹθǰָһջ֡
үֻе顣Ķû⣬ʱ仹ҪúþಹӶ߶߶ûˡ
̫ҽ˵ˣǰԺȥˣҲģ׼һеӦΪˣԷһ
ү㿴̫ҽҲ˵ūû£໹Ǿô˴£ܰӡ
֪ˣѽǵԺүľˣԳƵøˡ
үε˵컰˵ˣջȥǲ
үߵλſڵȻ˶⣬үͽ˵һŪ
Ҳ֪Ǿ͸ҽɡ
ڰǰº󣬾͹֮»˽ⲻٵģүҪõ
ǣԼһ֮ǰԺѾͷү͸ʯ˴㡣¾СҲµġ
û˵ָʹģֻ˵Լġ
ԼԼԺūţԼȴȴڲรϡ
˻£Ǻε
һֱûл˵ĸ߷ˣ˵֪ǸѾͷûн֮˵Ҳ˵Ҫôʱˣ綼˶ˡ
߷ˣԹ۵ģģǱĸ߸Ǳļ¡
үǲϲ߷˵ɣúһ
ҡ߷ŵŵϾǸ˼ңҲǺԺֶΡүһͨ߷ǳײҶˡ
ү
ǡүӦȻ˵
ūȥ飬ūһϼѵӡһ֧ص
ʱĽʸү
֧֧ȴǸ߲รġүȥ˵
ϣүתͷϡ
УŲңһ֧ӣϾ⵹
үԩˣ֧ӳ͸ˣ檲֪ôᵽʲôġ
ᵽԼվүǰ

184ԼԼ

Ҳ֪ô£ร֧Ӻǹأūſɲܴŵ߶˶ǺúñŵģҲ֪첻ģūҲţ룬˵þ͵ء
˵㣬ԼܺΪҲܺߡ
ģǾȻƱ硱ŭָŸϡ
˵һū˵ķݣȻǸ񲻻ūţҲ
ϱϲ࣬ԺūҲŲϲô˵ȻҪҩ

ͷԼҸһۣĵջԼָϵ֣ŻصԱߡ
ԼѾͷԼ̵ȻรϣǾʰɡ
綼ϵ˲ûգǸôöԸʷϻͻʹҲŮʹ
ϲû¶ģˣҲָ֤
ͬ£˵أֻҪҪ˵ضġ
ðҪūŶ£ҵףҸ߼ҵŮรʱ
˵ĶԻүһֱû廰಻ûյ£û֤ݣôԼҲҪ֤ݵ֤ݱ֤ݣκ۸ࡣ
үʾǷүͷ
һСѺˡҲ֪ԼҪٵʲô
⼸ʱԾ֪˵Ļ֮ˣԼļ˶Σաһܱȫҵĺá
ѡ֮ǰԾлһԭǾԼעҪģҪ֪֪ġһūʩϣԼܲסҲԸܿϡ
һڣСͷſˣ׼ʱһͷԱߵӡ
ҲҿһֱԱߣܼʱһŽײ߷
󵨣үǰ˽һʱûͱӣҲҺڱϣҪˣԩˣүŪԼ
㽫ŭ𷢵ϡ
˿ģϧԾҲҪס໰дԼΪĶԱˣҲȫȫΪãڻӣݺݵһƣѼ֡
ΪŹڵϣֻϥǰȴˡ
ūŶԲסū๼ūԸţĺüͷ
ڲҪţֻϣʵ˵㱨˸ˡ
Źűߵ˵ͬūһҲԸˡ

185һе

ð˵ǲ͵˲รʹ͸ҵūݺӣһٴҲӦȫҶᡣ
žһʹҡ˲Űʾ˵ȫᡣ
һ˵Ϻµһ£΢΢һ£ȴûӹ۾Ȼǡ
ūŸṵ̄͵ӡ׵үһԵĽԼϡ
ΪθԼ㡱үڿˣһȴŵɪɪ
ūţūšһֱūūŵģ˵ϸȻ
˵ָʹôүĿ
ǡūһˡģָʹү˵£϶˵仰
һΪȴ˵ΪıӡүôšүĻһѱ׶һԴƵû˼
ɵΪȥļƽ¡
һ仰ʹתͷ״֪ȷʵļ˱ġż˵
ûΪʲôõ֧͵ģ㱻ץʱҾȫû֧ӡ
ҪˣҪǼĻؼȥˡƽʱܳȻܱôǼĻؼˡ˵Ŀɶԣ
һ۵ʱү඼ˣôûз֣ҹԹԻⷬ¡˵ģʹ޷
һλͬʹ˼תϡΪҲв
Źūżˣһжūģūż˶ǲ֪ģ
ʹһв
ûץļˣ֧Ӻھǽʬҵģһϸ˺һޡǵķĹھ⡣
Ҳû˵ļˣ֪˵˭
ȻһڵϡһᣬҲĵĵţȻ˵ˣ̣ܲ˲Ϊ𣬿ҪΪԼŮָ
ܴĺ̵վ˻ûзӳʱһ·վڸϱϵϳȥ
ΪϰֲܶȴĳһѾͽ˵
ɱ㣬˵ᶯҵļ˵ġһҧϵĶϣ϶Ѫ۵۴С
˱һĻĴסˣϵĽˡ
콫ָſϵ˵ߣҩǰ˺ҧϵ񣬻ʱһֱţһͽϷֿˣ϶Ҳ΢΢Ѫѡ

186ָ֤1

ӣ˵ʲôϱѾͷһס䣬һָ
үˣȻҧūš
ûз裬أӦģ˾ͲΪҼˣȴɱ㡣
첻£ز£ҪģôΨΨŵŵĸ
ˣΪүǼҲ԰ôҲط
үһ˶˵ˡʱųûʵ
񣬶ʱˣ㻹˵ʵ𣿡
ûڼ˵ԼһΪ
˦ߺҩһǰͷһ߿һһֱ˵ŶԲ
û˵Ҳûбʾʲôǰ
һصĿͷ˺󣬱תү
ūԸȫ˵ֻܺͼһūǡ
ү⿴һۣҪƻʬɽҰҹԹԻ
ͷүӦ
ллүлл֪үһӦԼһġ
澣ĪҪ˵ں¼ˣ˵ʵ飬ûܵٻľʹ˽ٴвֻϣı״
ôﻹҪвūţʲôвūŵļ˶ˣūŻʲôŭĶϺš
㣬㡭
ү족
ūš
˵ү˷͡үڶԽԽ֪Լʱ۹⵹жſֻɫ
ϱүһ仰вҲ˵ֻ۾񶾵öʱӦýһͬڡ
һǰҵūţү͹ʯĵڶ졣ԹԹ˵˵ǰ¡
ߵҵūţΪūŵͬ磬ūűȥˡȴūŴһٵĵطպվ
ȥˣһ·ƫƧļɽ
㵽Ҫȥģ
ˡ
һ·ߵɽ֮߳һˣϡ
һͶͷתվԶŷ硣
Ǻ⣿ȴûлشʵ⣬˵¡
˵Ҽ絽ȴûȢסֻҪ£ҳǮ㣬ô
Ҫʲô¡Ķˣδףһֱĸ׵Ĳһ¾ȢӣҲ
˵үһʯҹҪ㽫¡˵ϴԱʯͷһӣݵǰ
ҪҺҼҹУūŲ˫ƾĺӡ

187ָ֤2

İɣɲҪĶǲܻжѡ
ǲӡ
ҲС
ĻҲǿ㡱ɿʱϽ˵
ҲԶȢӣĸ׾ȥ㸸װɡ
ŵĿϡܣһСС檣ûǱҪĸ׵
ǣǲУǲรԡ϶һ˫ҵ۾۾￴Эġ
ܴӦϣǲӦ˵֪Ǹ߲ร
𣿡
ǣǺ˵ĶҲܺҼҹȻܷˣҲ뺦ࡣ
˵ˣֻ˻еģҹﶼҪˣʲôԺڻжѡʵ⻰ƭġ
γ֪Ϊ˼ˣֻװԼֻ֪ҩֻ˲ܻжѡ
ãҴӦ㣬Ҽ㲻ܶ
ȻŵҲ㣬ú¡˵ϴӻͳһӺһ֧ӡ
͸ģȥȢס
ū˵ľʵڲúūű㽫Ӻͷͻؼһжָʹūġ
ߵѾŵùԱˡ
ūûУһ澺;һūŵġϾǲϳϡôϣ˿ɾ·һ
һһ澣ԼһūšȻҲǹŮģүȴû˵࣬ȴֱ˵ϡ
֤֤ڣ㻹Ʊ硣ٲ˵ʵүͽȥ԰
԰ǼԺŮ˿һ촽˳ģһ檣Ҳװ׵ĸүġǾүˣôȥֵط
үūŮˣūװ׵ĸôԽūȥֵطǻūһơ
ףҲ˵ʵ飬ǲ˵ȥ
үĵģԳԼʲôˣǰԴŮ˿пޡڲһˣ࣬Ͳκ˺
үūûԩūţС
Ϲүǰ޵滨꣬Ǻɫ֮ˣҲ˵۴ʱϣүǡ
ˣߡүҲк£ϻ˵ġ
¾ּۻһڿ˭ֵܼүĽȥ԰ȴҶġϺˣˡ
ū˵үҪūߣūžҲүŮˡǰ֮ʱ˵
ȻԸ˵˻ԭɾһ˲䣬Ϻݺݵүײȥ

188ү֮

ǸӲͷԸⱻүȥ԰ҲԸԼģײֻᴫԼϴϣү檡
ûײˣҲࡣ˵ƶʣү¶檲Ը⣬ףκ촹ֻ˵ѡ
ܻŸĺӣᱻۣһ۵İ磬պ󻹻ʲô·
һٶҲÿүϣסֻ΢ƶԼȣײϡ
ˣ¡ŵû궼ˣϾģʵʵײүˣиıӵһ㶼š
үһ¸ˣôʱԣǾǲܽ죬ܴʱ˿ⲻڸҹԹһô
̫ҽүơ̫ҽҲڣΪԭ̫ҽʮʱġ
ǿϵȣҪײϣԴǾԵģײүϣүҲܣ̫ҽү˵زء
ľٶүײʹҲˣԽԽǺÿһνʩ
̫ҽǰѾѵүЬ࣬߿ȡ
ײĵط΢࣬صȴүĽ״סǽͷΪס
ϵһ£ͣʹүΪײ͵غˣײϣ΢ˡ
үϵˣЩҩƾͺˣۣҪЩʱ侲˽һ죬Ҳеġ
̫ҽ˵꣬ȥԱдҩүļ£ǲҪϵĺá
үūŲġľսû뵽үᵲ¡û뵽Ὣүײۡ
粻飬Ȼ㲻Ը˵԰Ҳȥˡ
ү˵ΪүжˣŹˣ⻹ûأү¾仰
ȥӪ
ȥӪһŮȥӪܸҲȥ̣ôȥοЩʿǿɱ԰ĵط
ȥŮӣЩûŮ˵ʿŰŪġ
үū˵ū˵ٲڲƭүɣүȥӪ
˵ˣүˡү˵㣬ү˵㶾˭˵֡
үѾûˣ˵˵˸ҷ
ʱĸŵøһڽ䣬үìͷתүϵʱһ仰Ҳû˵ϲҳ
ū˵Ͽ֮ǰ͵͵һ۸ϣϻԾϵͷرܡ

189֤

ūżʾү谮ҪЮžһȥƾūŵòȡүģүҪӡūҲġ
ϰٵĽ˵ꡣ
㱳ָʹ㣿˵ĻϴһΪ
ūһģҪɱҪϤ㣬ֻүҪūȥ԰;ӪǰһǶ˵һǶү˵ġ
˵ģʮġҾһҲʮӶѣūŵʱ治ʮɣ˵Ǯġ
ƣʹϵ˵ǲ԰
ǡǡūŴġ˵ʼˣʣ¶š
⻰ԼŰɣ˵ǲ㱳ָʹ˸ģǸ߲ร
໰˵꣬ϲһվָࡣ
ѾһΪΪһҪء
£һ۸ร˼
รû㣬סȥһӣƤж
үûָ֤檣ҲҪ֤ݰҪΪסԺǳָʹġ
Ͼû֤ݣ˲Ÿ˵
Ҫ֤ݣǺãҾ͸֤ݣȥ˴
ֱָ֤ݵġ
֤ݣﲻ¾ֻߣ֪ҩҲֻ֪λ£ʲô£ȴ֪
ڵ˶ڴϣϲ˵߲˵ôĻ˭أ
ʱһȥˣϵԽ
һᣬһСѾͷΪԶֻܿһѾͷڳʲôӣ塣
߽ϲſ壬СѾͷ죬Ǹ벻˭
ߵ˵
˭
ڸ϶һ
澣Ҿ˵ôأԹϴδء
֪ΪʲôѾͷˡԭԺġ
үдԺѾͷ˵֤ݡġ
Ҳˣ·ԺʱѾͷԺǰ˵ҪҪ
ȼԺģ໹ǽĽϴߡֱ˵꣬Ŵûжġֻ˵֮ΪԺ
ûʼ˵Ͼȵүū˵ǰ±𷣣˻ģԸž檡
ūûССѾͷʱֳ档ŵ˵

190Ͻ

รɷ˵˵Ϊηʲôʱ򷣵ġ
ජŸϣ϶ϲ˵
Ժ£ĪҪԺˡ
ӲͷƤ˵ǧ㣬û뵽µȴԼԺūš
ȻรԸ˵ôҾร˵Ҳ°磬񣬵үּ⾰񡣲Ҵȫ
ԺһѾͷȴΪ˴˻㱻รòյƶͷ
֪֮ЩҲǴġ
ССүĺӣķǻϴ͵ģ߲รǲүľǲϵľ
ҶʱڵҲƳˣүǾԲµģѾһϣôʮ֮˾Ŷв롣
ȥҶ϶ٶڰ񣬵˲รһġȻˣΪʲôͬһԸء
Ҷϣƽʱɢû뵽ҲǸġҵСˡȻͷڽҶϡ
รˣֻƽʱϲβѣ£Ȼ˵һ˵
Ҷȫϣᣬѱǻй
㽫ͷ̧үҶϺøнڽȫ㵽Լˡ
֮һֱͷû˿ˡ˵̧ͷ˿ڱ¶Сͷһ飬вٲˡ
ūкδ㾹Ȼ˴Ҷ˵ǲүľǲʰľ
үˢ֪ǰ֪ĸ󷽣֪ȴǸ˼ݶ֮ˡ
檲ң檡檡ֻǲϲ϶ѡ
ү˵ŵүǰүǷ޲ͣǾıҪġ
һٸҲӦү仰˲˵Լϲࡣ
Ϊรϲң˲¶ཫתȥ
ϣǲϲ㣬ϲүϲš˵Ҷ㣬Ҳϡ
Ͽɲô׵ؾͳԼ֮£еĺš
ȻรԸϣô˵˵㵱ġΰⲻϣҲҪˡ
ūһǰżȻรร˵ʲôӸ㣬㣬˲źõĻūһʱ¾뿪ˡ
ɻûԶƼӲรﻹһǮūŲҶ˿첽ȥ
˻û˵ָʹϣ˶֪Ǹˡ
˵ʲôʲô㣬ʲô˲źãû˵

191

ȷʵҳ檣ҲȷʵӣϽģ˵˲ˣ˲ڳӦȴ֪ȥ˾񡣳檿ɲ֪
ûзǮǲָʹ֮¡
ǵģūˣүūš
ɫ˲û˵ѡ
Ҳ֪¾ģڸϲϣֲԸ˵顣үͺѴøˡ
㶾ĿǻãѵͲۼ𣿡
ƲѵϵļвϡֻϣЧʹɿڡ
һжϹȻã׼ʱȵ
ʲôвϣңүȻϼвϣ˵ָʹģҲеġ
϶үһ޿䣬ȻΪүܷУǸ˵ȷʵе
ˣ¾͵϶ҹ϶ūţܺúԼԼԺˣԽ˼Ժ֮½ǿɻ顣
˳ͷڸ˵ѾˣʧȥԺƼҵȨүԺġϾҪġ
үżˣôô׵طŹϡ
үæ񰲸࣬ʾ԰ꡣֻܽⲻʷĵס
үūҲˡѾˣıߡȴƴľʹȥ
үס죬ִСүҪǶס죬үҪ˭үλһһԹͣڸϡ
϶ү񣬲ɵĵһţæƲ۾оүһжڸԼ˵ء
үҲȷʵϵΪɱӺ
ҡæص࣬үǸ⡣
ʱǰү˵һ仰үеɫбˣŭԵ
үСˡ
ү˻һĵ׺ݺһԴ˴£үǰ󰸣ϣһֱĵģۿžҪˣҲ֪˵ʲôү˲
˴
˴˲һءҲ֪Լ㶪ϡ
ڸ֮ʱȻŨɢͿĨ뾰Ҫõļ֮ϣֱˣܵ´Ѫ
ү͵ʵҲǽ͸
үūԺ󲻸ˡŵöүġ
֪ˣôܺ޵ġڹŹһȦүϲɷţҪ֮ˡ
Ҷ϶еۣҪһһԼӦˡ

192ȱ

Ҳҿү谮Ҫûа취ԸЩֶϡ
үҶ˵ֱšү˵£߶µ˵
үūšū治֪ūҲֻ¡ſɲϵôйүǰûӳȥ
һſڣ߻ϣϣˣˡ
һַֻڽϵļϣ̧ͷ˳ֱ۵ĿˡӵӳڽϷ
Ī£һлūšӷǺͽһ𳤴ģ˵ͣȽãۿԼѣôԹۡ
˷仰ήҵĲ
˵
ǡǡ̧ͷ֮˸ŵĿ⡣ϲ԰׵ɫԭλ
ǰһ׼һжԼΪûйϵʱԱһֻ֣ס
ȵĻͷվλþ֪ʱסľֻзˡ
ҽԭԼǰһԱߡ
үһжūΪūżǺ޾Ǹĳ谮Ϊڹﾰʧ㻬үΪǸΪ
˵ǸǸԩūſ߾˲ͨţھ֮ʱ֡
һжūŵ⣬Ǹ£ʲô֪
ұǲ֪µģűϵԼӵһ仰ײٶ
÷ӳ֪Լһĵū˿ɱȣҪһܰӳıߵūţʮҲȲϷӣ˷Ӳܳ¡
㵹ǸĵūţɾͲ֪治֪»Ǽٲ֪
߷ʱҴڸУŮûˣȻˡ
˶ǰڸϵϻүˣ˭˸߷˷˵ûʱεջĿ⣬Ŀš
ңôôɵأ仰ƽ˾Ǹʷɵɵ¡֪˵ǷɵȥԼû¡
񣬷ҲɵףֻԺҲźˡ
Ƕı񣬾ûָʹүһūôĵӣıŮˡ
Ÿ˵첲㱻Աߵķһײ֪ʱھأҲֻҪ˳ϴ¾С
ǷҹūӺҩ۵ġ
ң˵үʷҡ
ūһΪ
ãȻǳˣôŴʮ壬ǡڷȱСүҪˣĺġ

193ʬ

ʲôȱСҾ֮֮̿ȴڡ
ҪүˡңСͬãѽ˵˵ⲻûôҲûְܵˡһ
ϴվڷԣҲû£𣬿˭õүĺݡһŶܷˣƫƫѾȱС
඼е㾪ȣү˴÷ң룬֪үˡ
үɱӺɱһԺЩŮ˾͸֪ҪүǰˣֶΣͶǵ֡
үҪǳֿ죬ֿ졣
ϣҪû£ҪôȱеľͲūһˡ
үָŽϾ浽
һ٣ү浽ˣڲ֪Ǿ޴ˡ漴תͷҡ
ҶԲûܾ㣬ˡ
˵ʲôأûūţūݺӣӦȱУԺҲźˡ
ҼʱϣΪԷҵʱ˵ĻҪý˵ȥôһв
ǡǡԲ𡱽˵ȷʵģĴȴҪҳеЩͨͨһԲ档
һȱϵūŽˡ
үѾȱˡ
Ҳȥү̷ū˵
ִеūŻͷңʹȥȴϽס
ְɡ
˵εķˣһҵĲҽ˶ĬĬţ˭Ҳû˵
ͬʱиͷ֣ԺҲû˸ƾˡ
ֱҲû죬үſڵ͵ɣүϣүĺԺԺд·
Ůүڣҵƽڿ뿪ˡ
ȥ;ضԺԼȥ
һһˣ߷ҲŸ뿪ǰԺȥ˸ϵԺ
һ뿪ģߵʱүգ۾
ոүȥˣ
߳ȥʱſмūڴղűȱеʬ塣
ɲǣǾҵġ
˶Ժڴϣ̫ҽƹ֮ſڵūŻûӵϲףƽӣףӽ񡣡
񹫹ˣ⻹ҪлæءллҪûƻ֪Ҫô¶ϵء
ӿˣⶼūӦġү˵ǰĿ߾ԺӣѻҪϢ
ɲһūűӰµġĿǰοүƾеλˡ

194Ҹȼ

Ժ
һصԺͽūŸϳȥˡ·һˡ
ⲻĴūףҪԺ֮棬Щֶǻ˵ġ˵ү谮ľǽˣֶΣܱƵȱеġ
һ·ǰԺ϶û˵ͰԼž
ǰҲֻоүŭˡ
ϵڰĵૡ
ǻлᣬֻҪºӣһж
ӴûмӣǷһ겻
ҲҪˡͻȻϼתסӡ
ҪˣѾˣһȥпܻʧȥ㣬ҲҪˡ
ǵõ˽ѵСһ𳤵ĵһʣһˣˡ
Ը÷Ұװ׶ԸÿССԺӣһԸýһĬĬ𣿡
ӾãҪ㣬Ҫй˵ֶΣ֪ڳ֮͢У֮ž档
үߵһôǼҸʱǺǽһ彫ǻϵݡ
ýһߴΨһ취Ǹʱһˡ
뵽⣬Ӳý
һʲôʱүѾˣôűԺء
ôһ˵ĵ׵ǵ㲻ʵĻԽԽСʱһˮͷ£ϨеĻ棬ֻʣǵĻ㡣
ѵˣԺҲһеģڲร㣬үû˵ʲôʱųҪһֱţô϶ĺӣǸķᡣ
ߵǰ˫Ϊһ춼ŵ֫塣
ඥȻپǰԺﻹһأڲร㣬ôԷ檵ĺӾֻĸ
ʵϺҶҲʸģǱүӽˣүԲϷ
оҶϣĿǰΪֹǸƻŮأˡ
ǵĻ㣬Ϲ̵ͣҸȼɡ
ҿ۵׵ɣ֪ĻˣþȫģԺ󲻿ܺһҲҪԸĿеǸ
ӴŸƴҼˣϾΪҶģҲܵ㡣
ȻѾˣôҪмֵ
񲻱ѹǷԸģҲϣܹҪһʱСĥסһ
ţʱҲлͣ¹ȥˣ㡣
ѾĽϣڷӵɿ£ִ󻹲֪Ǹǻء

195ۣ

ǸŽϻصԺģһֱԼ˼֪ˡ
ϿŽϻݣǴūšԼҲȥһ˸ԼѾͷϼԼƫ
ѽżϷԺʱء
ϷŲϼĸ첲ߵ¡ʵϲŻңӻûг
ƽǲ˷ģµʱ򣬶Ѿ¡ˡһֱòϼţҲΪμССϴЩŮҪ׵ġ
˸ϲߵĶϼšԷԼ߲ȡ
ɲȱ˶ҲรͽٶܵӰ졣¹Ҳĵ
ϼ仰Ҳ˵ûȻϴӦϣỤм˳ء
ϿûүıӽϻһֱС⵽Щ˵ֶΡ
ǰڿûʱˣǸôү󡣡
ϵͷƽ̹С˫ָ·ḧȴš
ϼ˵°磬ǲҲ羰һ㣬үΪ⣿ҷ磿ɣ
ϱ꺢ӣүһУۣġ
Ҳ˺ӵģԺֻҪ°磬үġ
ϼοϣҲϣԺ
ţһģһ硣
ֻаãֻаܺ;ƽƽ
Ժ
Ϻ͸߷һͬȥԺģȴſڱˡ
ذɣรڽڣүԸˣ̽
С̫һ·ǰԺ׷ۿ߷ҪԺģСǰס
ҲүĴߵʱ˵߷˸Ÿˣūȥ׷ؽ߷˴ߡ
ҶǾȻţ˸ȥ
᱾˳˭ۡүֽԼ֪Լһôˡ
ҺöˣԺúıı㡣Щ۵ĶȻš
Ϻ꣬ȴûǰ͵ػͷˡ
ڻĲรǾͲҵˡôȥԺĴȡԺ˸ӣŮŮ֪ܲĻ
ӡ𾢣ĸ߷˺ͬʱϵ䡣ֹϼ˵ȥ
үѾรˣЩүĶУôร⸮ĵطûүıӻǲรҲҪЩūǴĥ
รūҲǷү˼߷뿪ġ
С̫಻Ϊɸ˵꣬ЩūţЩǼҳ㷹ҪѧҶ

196ֻӲ

ܣүôҶﲻѣΪʲôҪߡ˵ԺϵĶһססڣҲûү˵ʲô
ǲүﶼ
϶Щūſүֺϣ˲ңǲǡ
ҸǣҾ㱻үˣҲ⸮ĲรϾóҲǸ
Ȱóɫ
ҲԼӰ죬ǰάϵºʹ󷽣үˣҪЩ˭
С̫౻һҲˣȻūţҲǰԺūţȻүҲүʱԺŮĹѪͷ
˾ǻӣ˼ҶȥรӿǿտҲͲҪ˼Ҿˡ
С̫಻Ǳү̹ģ춾ܺүһˡ
㡭㡭Ҫȥү
ϱС̫ģɫ࣬ô󣬻ûǸūŸô˵
รҲȥˣү˵ˣڿʼ㣬뿪Ժ
Ŷү˵ˣร˺ݶ˵Ǹ߷˽̵أүҪū߷˴ร
С̫Ҳ¸ϣԼˣôţñү
Ǹʲôأ
Զľ֣漴ϣɱڳˡ
үүС̫ܵǰԹԵĴк
ôˡǰС̫࣬СӺСӣǰԺźүģү
үүⲻүҪū߷ȥǰԺԾ˵รˣ˴š
Сӻصǰǿɲˣۡ
ãūžȻҳЦңΪʲô϶ͿҶͲУڻ˵ʲôҶȥԾƣո˵ġ
ǳ׷ŷˣʲô˵ʲôȫȥǺЩǲһร˵ģݵġ
ĸ߷̾Ůסˡ
ҲԾǵһμǴ帾һûһҹӡ
รոūҲˣСҲû˵ԺŮһֱǻʱҶŻСס
ҲǲĵĹأūҲ֪ġ߷ӿҪЩ
ǰ䣬ﻹܽܣ˵Ӳͽܲˡ
߷ˣɡҲ·ŭ񣬾ϵóҲҽΣѧŵ㶫Ժ˺ӣڶԴǰԺūҲǿġ
ԵȣҾ˵仰Ҳţᵢ̫á

197

߷˿ͿĶ˵ڸ߸ۡεЩС檷ǻῴɫҪѧῴһ֮˵ɫָӱϣ˵ϼûӾܺùһЩ
˵䣬䣬ڱأ¸߷ʹรɵ¡
˲ø߷߽ϡ
߷ǰߵǰŸϵ˵
Ů£Ҳû뵽룬ү᲻˷֮飬ָŭʱмǲҪçײ¡
߷˵껹žžϽյȭͷʾϽ첻ҪŭүǰˣЩүǰƸˡ
ȥɣˡ˵߷ת뿪һͬȥǰԺ
վԺſڣһֻȭͷţŸ߷תȣӰˣתصԺ
صݣϻңֻҩ
Ͻһֱյȭͷſ֮оһɫҩ衣ૡ衱
ʲôǱ裿
Ǹ߸ҽŮСѧ˲٣֪ҩҩ˺ҲǰҩĹżϼ
֪Ƕո뿪ʱĸҵģд˱֡
ʵ߷֪߻ЩҽԲŸҽҩ˸ϡ
ӣҩ裬ūǰ˵ں֮ͬǰǳҪҩŮˣỳСͬģӳˣŮỳС
˵ˣҩǴٽӺ;ӽϣþӿ԰ٷְŴӡԲ˵˿϶ỳС
ϻҩôڲŸҡ
ϲҩӵԼúӡԼĺӿɱ˵ĺġ
ҩڼûУҲӵģⲻΨһһž͸ˡ
߷ȷʵԼŮ˽⽫ҩţû˵ʱڸأ˭֪ô¡
Ҿ֪ҵġ߽ҩպãԺ󷭱Ҫ
ȥҳһСУҩ棬Ǻúӣڸϵκˡ
ҩȫˡ
ʱȫ٣ǳǰԺʱûпȫ٣˸һʱˣϾȫҲһ֮ˣû»á
ӣȫѾˣѾûõĵطˣպҲȬ°ǿ϶ġ
ҩҲǽԺūŸģһ˵أϸϾˡ
˻žСȥΰ̵ҩۣܺһһ㡣
ǡҩȥȫҩ
ȻǱԺͺúϢǳͷӡվ߻ڣڴϣñӣ´ᣣȥȥˡ

198

󡣾ͽϦнˡ
ūŸ밲
ϦؾصĶ⼸ҲӦȻضֻ࣬ҪԼǷ£Ҳûʲôѵá
ΪϦֵĶŮҲչһԴϦץס֮¹󣬶ԺūǣԸ
ɣûôأǾңɣĸԸȫҲġ
ỹлԼʱһʱӦֵϦڶԺ벻ȴԼһ
νĺкñɣҾ㣬ֱȡ
Ǻкñ춼ڰء
ϦǸʵŮӣ˶Ժʱн١һֱѹţôƽ׽ˣɵ¶СŮĻã档
ϦƤɵҲʼ֣ΪʲôҶϲÿʵŮӣΪߣʱ޿̵Ľݿϲõ飬Ⱦˡ
֮ЩѹԼüһԼҲᱻȾѻƲ֡
࿴ϦĻÿʣоԼƵҲ˲١
ǰˣҡ
ˣ̲סĺӡ
ɵȷظ˵ģūԺڸߣʱ׼ȸ񡣡
Ǻǡ౻Цˡ
˵ôΣأǱҹ߻ˣʲô˵
ֱСƫ߹ΪƽʱܿЩӣү˽᷿ݴͨˡֻҪžܿ
ǱųԱ˵С࿴ģȴŮһ
漴ֹ⻰ž˼ôҪġ
ҪǷڸ׼һٴ򣬿ȴЩ˵˵ˣôƶ˳ɰǧˡ
֣ûǿأй˼
ְ֣ҪҪôţǼҸŮء
̧ͷ˿ɫȷʵû˼ŷ
ѾͷСͱūŽţڽūž˻֪ĵġ
Ƕġ
Ϧ˲û˼ĸ˵̲סͷ
һٶĴҶЦˣֻС˶ź۾ˡ㲻ΪʲôֻΪʲôЩö౶˶Ŵ͡
Ȼ벻ףô˯ˡС˯ˡ
Ҳ㣬ջԼЦ³Сһ

199ڴεķֱֻΪ˸õ

ȻԼŮҲ볳СһС˯ʱǳ嶼ʱ䣬ֻĿֽСƫ
ջһֱСһϵĿ⣬ֿϦ
ϦҾ㵽źԸ⡣
ɲѪ˵ģǰҲһֱڿǣӶѾͷһźš
ŵߣˣү϶ūţЩֲģŹȥԼ߻֣ڵһ͹ˡ
ǰ뷨Ҫ˵ΪʲôѡϦһʱˣϦԸܶθڡ
ҪūԺչҲ˵ūſⶫԺһȴѾͷ
Ϧ˷ܵ˵û뵽Ҹ̫ͻȻˡ
ǵġԸ⣿
Ϧһ϶ĻϦ˵ĵͷ
Ը⣬Ը⡭ūʲôƽʱЩɨ¡ūһϲͨµʱǸ񲻿졣
Ϧ˷ܵСʧ£һ˫С߬ס½ǣͣšƽ½ǱϦͰ͵ġ
֪ܲһᰲ̵ģ˺ܺźġ
оԼԼ
ūʲôʱѧϰԴ˲ȲԼʲôʱϹ
ھͿˡ
ֽתƵϡ
һ˯ʱ䣬ҮԺˡ
һʮˣ˸Ѿĸ̫ࡣרź򰢸ģλС߰ĸһʮˡ
ֿɲ٣ҲĶԺסôˣҪҪԽˡ
Ҿȥչ˰͸ЩҶġҪһ£һ߽Ϧһȥչǡ
ūŲ࣬˼ūסūźչ˺λСӵġ
ҡͷԸ㣬֤㣬Ǹ˵£ôࡣ
ϴǰԺ󣬾һֱĬĬദЩС£ÿһǡô
ҲȻҲǸ뿪ʱˡ
࣬˺ӣˣԼĿǡҲõˣ뿪ȥ㰢ˣ㰢길ģǲġ
ոеת飬ΪҪ뿪ͳ֪ˣ͵ܵҪ
ɵӣɲڿˡ㿴ѾԵĿôˣڿɲٿˣ⻹أҪӡ
Ӳ۽ǶᣬʱǧҪӡܿľԼ
һһӦ¡

201еµ

Ϧ¶ĵͷЦҡҡԴŶ뿪ˣԺˣϦˡ
ܲ˵ү̸˵ǲǵˡ
ֻϦӦס
ڣԴүһֱһųҲЦҲүȫүһ
үô࣬ʼհһСޱ顣
Թԣү˻ͺү˵˵
үΣֻϴȻ֪ˡǿɫҲ֪Լ϶Լ£ôȵǸӦþͿˡ
Ȼۿүˡ
ŮѲôȵǸŽͨð
һ˫ˮ۾ү˼ү˵ˡ
֪үˣû࣬ɽһˣֻ˯죬ǰԺ˲ôʱһ档˳֮һСᡣ
ôǰԺǶʱ£ʱΪˣҹԹԱȫǹūŴһƣԼҹԹȥˡţȷʵӦõǸ
ԹԣʵڶԲ
үһڣ໹Ϊү֪Լˣ
ǹūܵү֪ĳ˵㣬ȫٴ㣬ģүصǰԺȥǹūһٸ
վŵֱүܵ˼ĴˡʱƴСܣҪүʱȥˣôᵽүų˵ģôͷˡ
ǺˮҲ찡
۾Բˣү˵˵һ
үеµء
ү࣬ԺŮ˸ô类үͷˡ
಻ͬүϲദʱǸ߸ϵİ磬һɷ
Թԣѵ£үС˵ţ˳㻹ɫ
үѵĲ֪үŪ˼ӣĳү
ү˲Ͷô֪˵Ǽ£ҲڶŪࡣ
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Ҳ֪ǲŹϡû취ôԺҪץİѱϼˡ
ǡǡ֪ˡй˵
ŮҪװֿôСŸϣ֪ûľʡ

200ҩ

үԺʱҲŸ˯ѡΪ飬˯һ硣
Ųҩɫҩɢ̱ǵζĿζǻ
һȥ;ܾٺȡ
꣬㿴ңͦġͷ۲첲
˵Żһչʾƣ˵ԼҪҩ
ҲͦģŶҩѺȼˣοô¿ء
ҪͲˣҩ룬ﶼѯʡ
Դ絷⣬֪Ȼ壬Ҳˡ
кŪꡱһֱһţ֪ҩжѣиţҪ׼ȡ
ԼҲ֪濴Ǿʮ㡣ΪͿˣԼܸܣҩǵúȵġ
ִӹҩǰʾȵ
޺ÿüֶҩҩʲôһ
ҲãΪ壬ཫҩˡ
໹ǰֵܸļ֣ҩӣ˹ˡһҩҩ
־ͽҩ붪Աߵ꣬ƲͣĶɿ
ˣˣˮˮ
ֽ׼õˮȥ׼ˮҩ󣬻Ҫ͡
ˮͣȻˮµź˼ˮζ
ǳȥǻһζ
һζüͷ
񣬳
ȥ˵Ϧϻһ̣ɫС
ŷģдǰԺ˵ġūž͵͵װһ̶˹񳢳
һźɫСԲĹζζ١
ôΡﺬǹڳݲ塣
ʲôó԰⴫ͬʱĻԽԽĽŲ
үҿ߽׹ȥģΪ˷ֹ紵
ү顣
ϦǵһνĽӴүǰ춼ԶԶϼۡһݵֵͿˡ˵ү۰ġ
ҲøôõˣүٲϲŹء
үӻ֣ϦӣϦ㲻ףΪʲô漴пҩ룬ҲǳˡǶ˭źء
㣬Ƕڸ˭ź򰡣
ϦҪѧģүڣūŵľͲܴһүʲô£ỽǵģ֪𣿡
⻰
½ں½˳ˣ޸ģҴ½

202СƢߵ

һ뵽Ů̲סˮʪۿ
ү۵ıڴϣҲͬүŮүô᲻ءүҲˣְС档
ˮĴ۾һӰĳëСɵǣӣ촽һʾСһﳤԺһˣҲ֪˭ӡ
ү뷨еԶˡүϣһ졣
СͽˣҲƫЩӺүƵĵطʵ̫ˡүҲ⣬Ժĸαˡ
ԹԣģǵŮ࣬һôõĶҲһãƽүҲҽκһвУһȺа취һȺвСҲеУа취ġ
ү仰Ȼǰο˵ġͬҲǰοԼ
Ҳ֪үοӶ࣬ǽҵϣү˵ģүԺҪʵ۵ģ϶쵽ġ
ʵҲ֪СڹŴεĿĺС㰲ȫ󣬵ΪһŮӣǹŴŮӣܻУǿӰһġ
ֲִȫȬĿܣִļƿ¡ڻ£ο޸ĸ࣬ôҽһŮӵӹҲ⣬ʵڲУ뻹ԹӤܻԼӵġ
뵽⣬˲ָϣִܴԽСһԺлᴩԽȥҲ˵ʱܱסмĻƺӹ
ү֪еطκСģֻԶˡ
취ˡǲ֪СֵõǸʱ򣬻ûصԺ
ġа취ôԶүҲ취ġүȥҡ
үҲģֻԵ˲ܻԵɺϣǺõġ
ɲܸүʮһʱڣܸүԼǴԽүŻãҪΪ˼룬Ǿ´ˡ
ˡģүһǵСƽġѽںúϢһϣԼôͲϧԼ壬һܲΪˣֵֵǰԺ
ү˵Ҵñǣ뿪ߣִ̧浽౻ʹܹš
ԼȴȥϦһԵǹ
һһСĲ飬һ뵽׻Ȼ˼Һӵϴ̲סˡ
Ҳү˵ʲôʲôģֱԳˡ
ѽСƢүߵġүСǹߵߣСӷڴͷϡү˵óԣүԸģõĵˮġ

203ʮТϹ

һɫǹһƻ㣬ڳݼ䣬ддᣬǳóԣڹŴǹǴȻģִ˸ַɫ֮ĻѧƷ
ôΣôΡ
óԣҲܶԡڳһţڻӣ̫ܳࡣ
үһֱָŻָͷ˼ڳһš
Ĳ֪ѡʲôɫǹղŵƣܵӰ١үǹԭ
̫ҽ˵ˣӲãڱСĲӰ죬ѻֻԽԽ⡣
үתע
ѡһɫģԽζģԺƺˡ
գԼ˵ܳԵԼԺֵأԲˡ
ôˣְ̾ġүò಻С£һɫǹȴְ̾ˡ
ү֪Ժǿ˺üءĸӺ棬ǶҵġұȹˣժүġҲȥժˡ
౾˵ժԼԵģָĳүˣԺүġԼɲ˼үǰ̡
ͣ԰ɣүĲ࣬ҲΣһת
үһ𳢳
үٴ̲סЦһŷӦҹԹԸ˵Ƕҵ
˭
үɲǵⶫԺ˽жġ
͡Ҳǰģܿɰġүı鶺࣬үΪǸġ
үҲգЦöӣȥﻹ߶š
̫ҽ˵ӲܾҪɻᣬӲܺõĿ졣
˳ү£뽫ү̳ɶʮТϹԽԽˡ
үˣȵ㡣ִ߽ﻹһԶԶžʳ
㰡ӡ
үշȥ̧࣬ߣֹһĵǡŹȥԽӹ̣Сʢһ룬˵ǰСιࡣ
ȴ죬ү⡰ϲղŻ˵ģ𣿡
оԼͷȻ¡ôûмôȵү
ү⼦ųġȥġ
үֻתѡ
үεջǰٵƣŻһ߽һ˵
үүǵһźء
үһЦүԽԽϹĿǰ

204ٲѼ

ȼˣүι࣬Ҳںүιļ
úȡ໹ǵһκôúȵļ
⼦үרŴɽģǳ˰»ȳļرáǰ˯ţүһֱóţҪ㲻⼦ƾͶˡ
Ǿֲɽûôι
ллүүһЦȻүϵС룬һͽȸɾˡ
үҲ
ġ
һһģһͺһƼע⡣үҲЬԡ
һߴ΢˵ˣʱ˯үڱŵģвٳֺϴһˣѾǺƣˡ
ҲүԼ΢ŲŲڳطү˯㡣
֪Ҳ˯ˡ
ٴʱǱӤѣתͷȥүԵүҲͬǱˡ
ǴӸڷ䴫ģŻнŲ
һĪСֳˡ
үǲСˡ԰СʵүҲ˲ɫǰοࡣ
ûµģүȥʹڴϡ಻ӲҪүֻܰڲүͽӴߡ
಻ڸүүߡ
үҲΪã¸ںиʲôˣӿɳŲס
ʱϦ˽ࡣԽţȥ˸ӡ
ཹĵȴУүˣͬʱĻһĸֻ֣ﱧСˡ
ôˣСû°ɡɻǵүв뿴Ҳû뿪ϡֻ쳤ӡ
ģСû£޵С磬ĸιأһͱ
ĸ˵ŵĲŰȻأɲСӣ˵ĺǽ
ൽڻûأ˵಻С磬ʵǲùģһֱǰԺţò׻ˣȴ˯ϡͿġ
ʵûʲôõĵģڵ˼Сϡ
ҿӹС񣬽ҿŵ̺ӣСһᾹȻˣȴûпޣǱǸĴɤųѵġ
Сˣûޣ֪Сһ̲סﵽ
ǰͺٿޣɹˡСָ˵С񣬳Ŀɰ˵رô
СǲҲ֪ԼܿްôŻСһ˵
С۾๾Ŀ࣬Сﻹʱ档

205³ɣ

·˰ɣү˵û¡үҲܹվһ߶Ū໳С
СرϲүүˣȻӶС첲
˵øѾͷﱧ㣬㶼ûбʾһ¡㰢һҪ
˵꣬ͽӷŽүүӲĳ첲ôûбСӤء
Ҳ֪үֻӵģʱүϰ뺢ദӸ֮ĸ顣
ֵָүɵıС񣬲ԼܣҲʹС
ڼ䣬СҲԱˣ౧СֶСӡ
ϺǣֲӪܵˡˡ
㽫СӸֱţСأҪѹˡ
үǼСģȻûбҲ֪СӲᡣ
ԽСӽ֣Ŷү˵үҲСֱŰɡ
ãүԵģСҲϲүšү˵ţŪСһСһﾹȻö͵Цˣ¶ûݵ
ѽСŰЦˣǲҲϲ걧š
ԣˡ׻˵ŮǸǰСˣϲҰһԸŮĶ࿪ġ
үССʲôôʱˣҲӵֶûء
СǻʰģСԼͿԣȵСֳһ𹫲ͳɡ
ڻңӻֶǻġǻҪһʱˡ
үǿԼȡССʱ˵СĺӺǾȸСһȡС
⻰Сʱȷʵڵ˵ʱ軹ȡСֱСѧŲڽеġ
ǺãСͽиɣţ˼ƽСͽ³˼͡ү룬ھͳ֡
໹ΪүȡССʲôʲôʲôĵ˭֪ġ
ɣţ³ҲͦģСţСйևˇ᲻Ͷ
Ű꣬԰СŸĶﱧ𣿡
үЦĽСѾͷݸ࣬ǸɣţȴţɣҲͦġ
³С磬ȰɶԸⱧãȴֻ
үҲֻ౧һᣬֱȥϢˡ˼ȻˣһЩţǰȵЩɲʱ˶ˡ
ùţҲˣڴϣү˵ȥɽȤ£֪˯ˡ

206ĸɣ

ڶһ磬үŵ뿪˶Ժȴ˯
Ǳ۵Ĺ߸ѵġ෢ĸ첲˯ʱ̫ˣˡ
ˡ
ԴүߺϦһֱſڣжһơ
ţʲôʱˣ
תŽӲĲӣʵ
Ѿĳʱˡ
Ϧû֪Ĵȡ
ĳʱˣҲǰ˾ŵӡڹŴ˵Ѿˡ
𣿡洫
㣬ѾˡϦشϵĶȴͣЪ
ūŽŶ˽ˣĽҿ϶һ벹ҩһ࣬̽仹һǹ
ſƮɢҩζⱾζ˲оÿࡣ
ô컹Ҫҩһҩ롣
Сˣ̫ҽ˵ˣҩúȸһ²ͣġ˵ˣūŻЩСǹ񡣡
ĵȰ࣬һ˵ţϻĶһһലߵİϡ
֪ܾˣֻϢһҩȸ⣬óһǹʱüͷչ
ôҩҪһ£ȷ̫ҽҡ
˵ʲôأ̫ҽΪӡ걻ģֱţûмôĸ
ˣҾͬ㿪Цѡɲڶ꣬ССҲ˵ġ
ԱߵϦȴ͵͵ЦˣôƵӣûƢ˵ϲǿЦ
ź͹ôˡ˵ϦһʱûӦŹ˭
漴뵽үλСȡССǽ³Сɣš
λСû£糿ˣ̣˯ˣһˣǲ
귴ӳ󣬾ͽλСӽϵ˵
ԴӱָȥչλСӺ󣬾ʱעŸڵĶѾȫλСߵˣҪ̵Ϧһʱ䣬Ҳȥ
Žûްɡĵģ¸ɣŷ
Сɴˣ߶ʱȱ죬ע⵽ˣͼʱСûпֹ
˵ɣŴͱ³ˣֱͿ޵ģӦʱ䡣˳ʵ³Ŀ
ⲻ˵أھʹĿžŸɣŴӸ߹
ôˣǣ

207̽

ӹеĸɣţֻСѾͷһС죬ġǱˡ
СˣǶˣſˣ˯СˣСӦŵˣūŲűġ
Ļ۵ıСҡΣһС໳˯ˡ
ӹӣ׼ͻظأˡ
Ͱŷ˯ɣʡĹǳСһִŵš
ҲǣȥڣСӤҡƹСŽȥٺá
񣬹߷ƹùˡֽ
źϴɽܲԼһӼˡ꼸Ҳˣɽܲˡ
ȥϴԱ߾Ҫӣˢ
ȴˣУŮڼˢͷģԺġ
ǣˡ̧첲ţȵ죬ΪӣԱɽ綼ȥˣͿһȴͨ硣
⼸ູ˲٣ȴûкúϴܸоԼˡ
Ҳ֪ү˯һûŵ
ʵֲࡣֻôӦˮӣڡǲˢͷ
ʵ峯ʼձʹˢˣˢõӣˢëһֶëƽʱպˢ
ȻѾɿˣֻͬ⡣ʰˣ÷ƹùý
顱ǹˣһֱġ
һĸ񣬱÷񣬿Ͳס˼ǻԷģ˷ŵģǿͷһд١
ƹùãɷˣϦù
ڴϣ
ùýôˡȷºʵ
ⲻǹȲټСС˵ˣⲻСǺ㡣
ɫȷʵôһ֪ˡİļ£˭Ҷ졣
͹ӻá
ֲ˼ģҲ֪£ʹﶼ֪ˣҲ֪᲻ү鷳
ҲĲⲻģҲ֪ڲʲô
񲻱ģİǻϵĶӣµģⲻôͷӣҿɫǺܺá
ɲô԰׵ɫΪĵеģΪʦˡš
ͺˡֻȥ
ȥڽС籧ùƣùûûСءεתƻ⡣

208ʹ

ҲǷƽҪĿģ漴ĿȴƼһԵӤҡԵ˯һСӡ
ǰվҡϣȥ
ССһţƤ˫۽գҲ֪˫۾ʱǶô鶯
ȻȥС磬ôһСˡ
Сž֪һǸӣ촽ģƤҲס
˵̽ͽС񱧳ˣϦǰֹȴֹˡ
ʵҲģɣͻȻİ˻᲻һǷǹߵĺˣǹȻ͹ԡ
ֻ֪ССȴ֪Сġ
ֻϣɣŲҪҲʱĽ³ˡ
ùãСӣڶ˲õӪء
ƵĿ汻С³ˣʾֽ¸ɣš
ƽС硣ƣĵĲˡǿүģǷݸĸ׶ԺӣүĺӣǿĲѡ
С񳤵ãҲصˣİ糤ӳŮˡ
ƹùҲŪС磬˱˻ˡ
ԣɻʹ͵ģּ飬ڴžС
֪ЭͬʹͿɾͲˣ˱ʹأ˭֪һ䣬žУš
ϵй̽ͷһף׹һԣһԣ˫ƿһԣϺƽʮƥ
һ󴮣סûиСĵҲ١ССͣѾǸˡ
ȻҽĿĴﵽˡҲûعˣϢ
һȺ˽󣬷ƾҪ뿪ͷƳȥ
ԼǶӵ䱦˷㶡󻹽СֻʹҲĿⷿˡ
˵̫СˣŹš
쿪ģͷҲ㣬ֱʱ˯šū³ŵġ
ʹ
ģλСӿŶͦõģСūܾǲԡ
ƻعһ¾֮¡
СӦóʱ⣬ҪȻǺҲܸͲǰԺƹ߲ร
ҲһҪȻôὫү
ǰūŽţɫɲãССһأ
Ǹ˾ôῴСʱǹɽž
ǴԺģôܲ൱ʱ顣е࣬¸ҵվĺӣأϡͿС֪˭ġ
ҲΪʲôûԭˡ

209

ĳ͢Ϊ࣬һ֧үģһֶ֧λġ
үһҰĲ𪡣
İǿүķ̫ӣҲǿүϲĻһֱǻλӦġ
վڶүıһᣬһƵ۵Ļᡣ
ڶϣϻһЩլԺ档
ſΰʨӣ߽ʯ֮ϣɫĴţ׿Ҹһţƽʱǳġֻп˻ǿš
Ͷſȥǽߣ̨ͤ¥޲ʾ˼ҵ뻪
ۡȻʱ죬ϧû깤үȥˡ
»Ӻۼλȵּ⣬ƴ𪣬Ϊԭû깤ɡԼӵĲ
ҲһĻáӺ۲үǻϣֱӳΪ常
ӺܿүʱһҪƴ𪣬ֻҪ𪲻֮£ḻһ
ظֱȥԺ
үˡ
ԺĵūżææܽүƽʱֻгһʮԺʱǶģοʱ
ү˾ˣǸûһúȥ£Ժ
ȻɺöĬ˵ĵȻʵĵ׿ϲء
ɺöĬ϶ãȹǣ޽ǴͷתͷԱߵĴѾͷ
ԼӵͷʾˣʱɺöĬϲãһֶ˲裬һֽҿǣȴûкȡ
ȥүϣǺϯϿɷʲô£
ֱӽ⣬ϻҲû˵
ɺöĬһʱûӦֱȷ£ɺöĬϲվ
檸ү밲һݡ
𡱺̧֣ʾ⿦ɺöĬţۼūĸϲˮ
ү˵Ŀϴ֮¡ɺöĬʵס𪣬ɲ˵
ǣ֪ȥڿץүĴأֻгȥүлᡣ
檵ֳʱǾҲŸһֱӴ˵ʲôҪǸ߲ร϶֮¡
Ǹ߲รδϣǾ񻹵˸߲ร߲รŽ̵أ˵棬ָʾūƹ
İˣǴߣ֮³檾Ͳ֪ˣүЩʲô
ڿɺöĬϿЩֻǺԺһЩ֮¡
£үʡ֪ɺöĬϲƭԼġ

210

үԵʲôȥ׼
ɺöĬϿɫҲˣ𪽫׼ãһԣȻˡ
ˣү£һðɣ
𪽫еĲһ²豭뿪ˡ
檹ү
ɺöĬۼź뿪ȴû
ɣүԶˡǰĿɺöĬϡ
ǰԶˣүԺؾǴ֮°ɣ֪Լ֪ģȻ뿪ˡ
ɺöĬʧǵĵϡ
Ӹ޸̫ӵĶӣһҲˣլԺ㲻ȥȡͻᱻͻᱻ̤ΪԼΪԼĶӣѧ裬ѧĺ
ȥүȥˣ
ʱ򣬺һ㲻й£ôЪţȻͻȥԺӡ
ȥ鿴ѾͷһˡڿɺöĬǰ
үȥԺӡ
žɺöĬϵֺݺݵϡ
Сˣ카үʮ춼ЪԺ
Դӽ˸͵ó裬Ůһӡ¾ǽغ
ÿŮ檣һ붼ᱻ·ߺ𪣬ҲɹĳΪȫµжд̡Ǻ𪻤ţⶼ֪˶ٴˡ
үǰʱʹ͵ķŲʻƿϣţͷϰɡ
ɺöĬƽԼ飬ѾһʱˣôҲܲˣΣôģҲ˲ˡ
ǣūһźáҲûʣڴӦȻƽʱûѾᳵ·ˡ
Ժ
үôˡ˵Ȼϣͷˣֲúϲ⡣
үȥʸһ£ⲻ˳·ˡ
һѱסǰĻȥԼϡ
ү滵ȥˣܵ˼ָ˼ҵˡ
Ӻ§סϿƺѾڲסһԷ֮ӾҲֻںʱϲŻᴩġ
˳ŷظѩ׵ĲٵһŲ½ϵľӡ촽죬üδȻһͷ˿Ȼ¡
⸱ģ̬ڴ峯ᱻΪɧΪ˲ܡ
ǺϲϵַɧᵽŮϲеġ
үϲô˳ϵֱ֫㡣
ү˼һûأͱ˼ҳԵ
ϾԼڲֹƻὫϴȥ

211ʹ

ŵȻүٳԣȽүι
ֱӽϱGڴϣѵԼϵ
һ洲˵źūŲΪȻֻԶ㣬ʱҲûԸǵĺ¡
֦ͷĶ𽥼Сźūţ׼ˮӡ
ˣˮȻ洫ūǣæˮȥȥˣһƣͷ˫۶ŵذ壬ǿû洦ƣҪǿÿģ˶֪ô¡
һͬĻĸѾߣź𪴩£źϾ¡
ʰãš˯֮ǰȻһս
ȻӲԺɺöĬ֪ġ
꾫Ǻ꾫ľ͹ү¡ԼҪҪ
⣬ƻֱȥȥȥ˼¡˼Ҳˣ⵹˵˼ҲҪͽԲѻ˵ᡣԵ۲Լܸˡ
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һԵһָ⣬ڿɺöĬǰ
ɺöĬˣûθڳˡ
ߣǻԶҾ
ɺöĬϽĵƵԶԶģĵģͷŻûθڳȥ
Ե㣬ûгԶ٣ˣôѵŵϣǴ󰢸ء
Щ¿˵ɺöĬȥˣ㲻ΪԼҲҪΪѾĶӡ
ŴͷɣҶˣڳԡ
ֻðտɺöĬϵķԸָڴߵĹϣ㿦ɺöĬá
ڶһ
ԺѾϳȥˣȴҪȥԺ밲
࣬ûи˳趨ʡնС
ˡһҪȥ밲ϵѾͷܽҿᣡȴ۾ţ򴲶֪ʲô
ܽ״ɵۣһû˯ۿ밲ʱˡòϡ
񣬸밲ʱˡϵ۾գգͣܽǺοأԼūſۡ
ۣܽ϶ԣܵܽᣬܽһ仰˷ӳ
û£źϴɡʹһ˳е
ǡܽɾᣬźϴ·ϴɾҲûгԡ
ĸͶɺãԼĺӼԼ˲һ档

212ݺ

ģūСӴ滨԰棬ʱŻģСǹˣ˯ˡ
źϵĲܽ
Ǿͺã߰ɡһ·ԺȥҲûͬܽ˵
źүˣǲһҶˣˣ˼ҹƻ˯أ
ϻûȥ洫ϸ֪סڸԺӵ׼ϸ
˺ŮúϲΪ˵Ǽ̱
ϣ˵ؾ͵ˣ׼бۿһϡֵͷԼǰĲˮᴵ߱ƯĲҶ
û׼ϵļߵԼλϣſɺöĬһݡ
ҲȸԼ¡
ϾڿɺöĬϵףǺĲรǿϡ
ϣ㲻û㾹ӱĹأ
վȻүֻ֮¡챾ͽ̽ء
֮ʱɺöĬϱûָϿھͽѵ
ϵôһ⣬ǲ⣬
֪үԺҲܽүƳȥҲܽү£밲ʵڲ֪ˡ
ݡ
ɺöĬֻ˵ôһ䣬ϲūʱһȲϸǰϡ
϶˲豭ʱȹ׵Ľ΢΢ϸǰǡ
ϵķŲ˫ƿϻΰΣءһڵϣˤ÷顣
ǽԱߵ׼һ
ϣˣٲ⸣Ҳûƿɡ
ûСûƿֻǶϵĲˮƿôϣ治֪
ϣ˵㣬ɼǵáŲ˫ƿȵ۴͸үġү˸һͽⷩŲʴ飬Ƕȵ۵Ĳ
׼Ϻϣ֪ڽˡ
ͲǣϡϾƢϡ
󵨣˶Ϊ㻹Ʊ磬˴ȥϹԺú÷ʡү
ɺöĬ룬ȵʹͣүôӻϣһٰӳԶˡ
Ҳ֪ԼҲǱˣȵʹ֮ݺѾȫ׼
ܽתȴ֪ôֻøϳȥһԺ
̫ߣԽԽȣϾùԺ룬ûľڵ̫ɹˡ
϶ͷԽԽ࣬ɫҲԽԽ԰סʱιȥ

213С

ôˡܽһѷסҡҡ׹ϡ
û¡
ôû£ɫ׵ܽɾ϶ͷĺˮ̧ͷ¸ǵ̫ࡣ
Ǹ˲ܲŲ¹š
ϣΪūˣûǹ档
СҲΣǸɲɲҸ񷽱㡣
ֱܽµȹζֲܽСʪ˵ȹóһֵѪ
񣬿촫ҽȾҼҸܽ˫ֱϣԱæµǴ󺰵
ĿɺöĬҲˡ
񻹾ǽŶ೤ʱ䣬Ϳʼˡ׼Ͽһ̬оһȡ
ǻǳȥɡǿϻǱȽи̡
˳ȥһֻɫ԰׵ܽ˫۽գӵºһƬڳŮ˸ô֪ܲʲô˼
ˣҽɺöĬȫû뵽̫¹ôһСôôСˡ
ջظĺϢԺϸҽڸϰ
ɺöĬϴźҶ⣬ΪµģܿɺöĬǲģжΡ
ôˣҽʵ
вڣաȿȡүȥģ̥ȣ±ɹѪ㣬Сˡ
ҽסڸԺĵķ紵ݶ֪ġ
أɲԼĴһǸе
үء
֪߳ӣŹһصˡ
үʧȥһӡ
ү檲ģ檸֪ϻУ檷ֻΪȵүʹ͵ķŲ˫ƿ檲ŷԺ
ɺöĬԴСʱһֱ⣬£ͷۻˡ
ãȻ黨ƿ㷣ôСүҲú÷ʡ
ɺöĬϼֱǺ˵Ϊһ檣һ޹̫£οôڣԺЩһôó޵ơ
үһڣûлء
ǡɺöĬϹԭҲ뿪
ӣӣôˡΪɺöĬûԣоеΡ
үøҽưɡøҽڡ⼸ܾø岻Ծ

214ϲ

ʾһԵĸҽȥҽС̫ӹҩ䣬Ժ룬ΪɺöĬϰ
ҽһֻ֣ٴȷϡ
ҼҸˡ񽹼ʵҽֻ֣ΪԼҸز
Īϲˡ
ҽϣʹԺ˶סˡǸɺöĬϡˣĶһֱûҩ˲٣Ǿûлϡ
Ҫʱ⺢Ӿˡ
ϲӣϲүȶſɺöĬϺͺϲǿϣ׼ԼҲŷӳ
ϲүϲ
ãͶ͡ӣصӡҲһճӶѣ˵Ӻô᲻ġ
ˣˣ˰ˣˡ
ɺöĬϲûڵ顣
νԻɣĲ仰ڿɺöĬʡ
ȥЪŰɡ
˵ϸոС֮ҲԺǹŴӣ塣
˶үԴһ
ʹ˯ૣһҲԤʾϽҪ
ˡ
ܽôˣӺʹһãֻоһһ׹ʹ
أСˡܽ޵һѱһᡣѹĲУСԼƵġ
ⲻܺ𣿴ϣܸҸ֣ȥˡ
ֻǴһ£ں˵šʵҲǺܲģӲģΪĸ׵ôôġ
أܾͿ޳
ɵѾͷû¡ү֪𣿡˻ҪȥοһѾͷ¹Ҳֻˡ
ءʣܽǿ޵
ӡү֪󡭺ܡ𷣡
ܽᣬ˵ɡ
̾ܽƣʾеӲɾᡣ
ү֪ˡ𷣸Ժӡǲһᡭ˵ҽ԰˵ϲүȥˡ
߲ܽᣬ߽ղŷ£˵
Ϣͻȥɡ
ϵ˵⸮ճлҪѡ
񣬿СӻأࡱϢһʱ
뿪⣬˵뿪
Ϸǳ֣绹ֻᱻ˿Ц
ǣūȥʰ
ʰöܽ뿪ˡôû˷֡ףеϲ°ɡ

216үƫ

үظ󣬾ȥͺӡ
ߵſڲŵ֪໹˯תսСһ
С³˯Сɣȴˣֱﵽת
ūүźūŹһأΨŸɣŵûйȥ
ɣүССǡô³˯үСˡ
³һ̣˯ڿԽԽˡɳ࣬ҪһС̫ʵ˲̣³ҪСֶշչء
ɣһү۾ﶼ˹ɣ֪үİһ
ү⼸춼ҪһСַȣ඼Ȳϡ
ĸΣԲ԰ûȥء
үɵɵĶŻС˵黰κСȫ
ѽ
ϣıǸкأ
үͲױٸ߸ˡ
͡
ӦүǸɣ¿ˮ
ŮĿģҲ˯ˣүŪɣŵʱˣһֱŸڵĶԻ
үԺ󲻽ܳΪһʮТϹпܳΪŮū
ˣҪҪȵˮϦȻţȴˮˮ豭ݸࡣ
ϦǲүأЩˮɤӣȵģȵˮʵڲС
ԺҲҪˣñɽеĶȵģ˻Ȼˣ󱳶˲ӣɧġ
أүģū˵ϢȥС
Ϧˮӣ˯һ麹ųˣ˶ˡ
ʰ׵Ϧȥڽү
ү飬ҼҸˣүȥһˡ
ү׼ٸ߸ߵʱϦŴүƵľٶŵһ亹ǣĲŷ¡
С̫СŶҪģ汻үˣһ£ʮԴ
ͰһȥҲˡ
үñӲɣ۵СоٵֻɻŸɣžȥ
үôôأ
үŸɣһƼˡ
ү𣿡үͷż˵үƫġҪˡ
Ȥү˭үÿֻء
˭֪үɷµĵͷүеƫģ˭үϲǸɣأǲǣ
˵ţ廳Сգ۾ɣſɲ֪ԼҰڶֻ͵¿ˮ

218

ࡣ
ŲҪأүͻ۸ҡ
ϵĺνȥƿүҪµء
Ҫȥ
үһۡҪȥޣүУ
үβԣһȥ޵ġ
ߡǿߣĽתȥڷȥˣϣҲźܸоϲ˶ϲ
үĵĿ಩żϷŵһЩ鼮Լڼ
ڼ󲿷ֶүģǹʹ͵ġ
Դʹүʹ֮вϵʹͽĶԺӺүЩҶЩеλģûλЩҲû
үŷţżһǣߴиľӡү棬⼸굽װʲôôߵģȻ棬үȴûֱӴ򿪣үеġ
ʱÿүվǸԱߡ
үڸ
ʵ
үһֱץĸоһԼû˽Դ򿪡
ŶҲƣⲩż϶ŵһЩϣľôҲ
үָŲżһֵǮĶָָߴĸľӡ
ү򿪿ˡν˵ֲʲôܣҲү
˵ģүٴȷɲڱûˡ
үû£Ҫǰ˵
Ǹʱ໹ûүӽϻһʱ䡣
ãȥСԺҶ죬ŵҲҶ࿴˳ۡ
˵û£˵ûеġ
񣬽ʲôأ
ŴӽҶϵĲݡ
Դ½ϱүȥԺСԺҶһ˾סԺСֻݣвݡ
ýôˡҶһ֪˭ⶫСԺֻԸĵطҲֻż˵˵
ҶϷеĻߵſڣ滻ǰ֡
ҲĵýԼҶϣ࿴ҶϣҶҲĿŵݺࡣ
ⲻԼԺˣתתĪˣȤ
˵ʲôɾһԸҸ˻ģô
ҶϷԼڴǰ˻衣
ֻ֪ܺȵ㻨֮ģҲûкõģÿɱ

219Ů˲

໹ΪҶϲ˵Ŀһ񣬾㲻ܳ裬ÿҲöء˭֪ˮһȥѺȵĲû³
ڿǱүţԵõһǾƷҶˮѺȣҶǫ顣
ҶϿıҲ֪ĲˮǶôʡ
ȿȣ⻹ǿԵģȿȡĲˮȴˮǺˡ
Ҷѿת˻⣬ĵҶ·ȥˡ
࿴ϡ棬Լѧѧ˵ȻصԼĶԺ׼˲ٴĶ˵ɾ͸ɣѸ־塣
Ǵôף౾һͼľСͼ˲йˡеĶȥ˯ˡ
үʱ໹˯үǰ˯ѡ
ȴСͼһʱסЦˡֱӽЦˡ
һո˯ţֱѣиǰǾ൱ڻɽ
үȴɫļЦЦָࡣ
ˣ˭ʲôֲǼĶʲôԺﻹ幤˲ѾͷЦүˡ
үֻſģȫûпɫ𽥱ڣкתϡ
ĵӴϴֹүЦ
үܺЦūġôܶүġūǲҪףף
үЦݽſɫǿѿ֮ˡҲû뵽Ѫѧ塣
ү֪ʶ֣⶯˵ĶЦ˵ͶɹүɲһΪߴﹾ࣬ߴ
˵үһʱү̷ʡԼĲ֮ܽԺԺ˵Ķ۱˵Ͷɹࡣ
һǾǣŮ˲ǡ
Ҫү򿪵ġүٴȷϣȷԼ಻ᷢ
үӲżܽľӱ澹ȻɾһȾȻǾõġ
ǣүΪװһЩʲôģһЩ顣һЩүûп顣
һүԷ˷˵Ǹ󸻺ϲСũŮ󸻺˲ͬ⣬ôôáүȫ㲻ôϲЩͷӡ
үɲᶮãһЩСŮϲ飬һڼ䲻ܳţֻЩ飬ʱ䡣

220

һᣬʱ䵽ˡžܼ嵭㣬Щ֮ġүľͷḻ࣬ӣ㣬ţ⣬ʡһ˵ˡ
ش䣬ǡô
үǰĴ⣬ֳԼǰࡣֻܰ̾ԡ
ΪʲôҪŮӣΪʲôҪӣΪʲôֻˮġ
һԹĺԼ࣬һ߿үá
үජĹֲ˼ģ̧ͷʡ԰һ㣬ǰơ
ԥĵͷֻү⾹ȻŽԼĺݺݵĽֻ࣬൱үһ㡣
үຢľٶһЦ
ȥԸһ
⣬ȻȲϺյζܱûǿɡ
˸߸˵óšүһȥǰԺ칫ȥˣЩӡ
嵭㣬֪ӭԼ£ԼСһ̡
ʱûиรֱ㣬˻ûʸô£¾ǰԺϡ
æǽŲմأҪæǰԺϯ֮£Ҫæүһ޲ýԼֳ
ԺĸȴһᡣôôܲҪһλݵŮ֡
үô谮ϣҲһ񣬲ִٰ»ǲģ˸ϸ߸˵ĽԼ׵͵үȥء
ϵȵ磬ۿС磬Сǵ̣ǰԺȴٳûϢ
ô£ǰԺôûȥٴ
ǴΣϲ֪ү᲻ǵԺһรҪȥ
ǣӣ𼱣ūȥ
߰οϺԼԺԺֻǽϣ˵Ľơ
ֻҪϻǮϢһĶ죬ǰԺսǴסһǰԺϯϵɨ̫ࡣ
ͳһӣС̫СС̫ȴû£ЩȻƣҲԭģһֱ¾Ҫһ˰¡
Ժȫ¶֪С̫ҲäĿþĺɰ
ţҾ̿˭ٳֵã
˵С̫µֵӣ޹ʹϢûжӰ죬˵Ҳ޷
ǲรǻڽүүүæš˻Ҫʲô
С̫˼ҲӣСڻ˶֪˾һ

221

ˣллԾܾҪǴϯ֮£Ѿ֪֪ģҲõɲร
С̫ˣҲڶ˵ˮͰɨѾ뿪ˡ
߿ٻصԺԼ˵ϡʧǵϡ
үǲ㽫ųȥˣһรȻǰԺˡʲôϣ
УҳȥԺ͸ˣߴҶ취
ֻпҸһˣϣҪүųȥ
߽дõֽ߬Уȥˣľʳĵĳˡ
ýŷҪ׼ϯ˱Ƚһ㣬÷ߡ˳Ľż˳ȥ
ڸ߷յŵʱ򣬸߱Ҳڡ
үˣ취үǸϵĹ߷˽Ÿ߱󿴣߱˼һᡣ
˵ȥ߱߷˶ԣҲֹ֪˵ʲôֻ߷˲ͣĵͷҲ¶Цݡ
ϣִҲǵϵĻӣΪรִһСѾߣȻүڣۿүӳŮ£ȴûзųȻһҸε̡
νƣˡ
Ҳٴٹ˺ͺ֮С֧үһ磬үôڹŪЩ¡֧үּɡģȫϷ
ҹвҹ
ӦһһֱŴﲻټκˣЩǲ뿪
һǳѾʮˣԼү
İ£ҵȳӱҲö죬ȥŮ춼ЩĵޣһЩھĳ͢
İոҲΪǽİոûţôֻܲร֣һܽܣҵһҸͬͬԺС檸ôܺĸͬϯˣɺͳ
Ҳǳ˼˭ҶС檺ĸͬϯƽƽ
Ѿ֪ڼ˵ˣҲ˲ˣĲûĸЩ£ǰԺԲٰ졣ô˹ųԡ
˭붼֪˭˲ֻ֪˵үγ谮ңΪ
Щ£Լ֪ˣȻȥ±úôģѿ
ο

222

˳Ŷŷ˵
ĺԺһЩֵģŪĵʲôôһȺ
Ĵ˳ˣǷں治ͣı˳
ĪҪӲֵáƶ֪Ǹ߲ร
ܲôĺòߵⲽȴԼԺĴˣ߱ҲǸˣؽ̵ŮȥأҲա
۹ⶾû뵽ԼҲп˵һ졣
ڸĵȣǶڴү谮檣รү˵Ǻ¡
ڻô죬ܶסһ˵ͣܶסϾǵ죬ֻķŸϳ֮̽Ҳֹ
ԵĿ£ΪֹλȨҲ֡
ҹүյԼĴүȻҲЩԣԼеֱЩ޵¡
ֱﴫϢ˵빬ʱүž±봦ˣѾֵʹ˽֪ĵزˡ
ʱҲڸǰȻö˵ĸư˾ų˵ľˡ
Ȼȫ⣬ҲܲүȵľǷ˸ϣ֮½ɸϲٰ죬ܶסڿڡ
үҪͽรųɡ
ڴϣϺȲү˵
үȵ֪࣬гرˣȻûץϵ֤ݣǺ޲ùظһӵġôܻ顣
үʲôһΪүҶԸϿûͬģ޲óѪԺҪҴҪȻߡ
һ߾֪ЭˣɲͲǳһСأѾͷˡ
ǣүĹԹүģүҲ㱣֤Բڻǰ£үᱣġţ
үЦ˵ҹԹԿǺܼǳôܾô׵˷ˡ
үеĲ豭ߵലǰŵĲУ֪үʲô
ֻүһѱס࣬˵
үĹԹôΪү룬үʹ͹ԹһЩ
ȫûпүüֻү˵ʹ̫ˡ
ڿɲȱʲô·ΣȴľһЩӡ

223

żʵ
үЩӰڼͲҪˣȱһӣʵҲԵ
˫涼һǮķš
үһԱȥͷмĨϣȻۣȴǱ졣
ӲɣЩ鱦Ҳɡ
оүһǾԼҪĶˣſͱ׼
ûнӣû鱦ΣЩͳͳûС
үǰһֱ֪మƣÿԼʹ͵֮ĶҪ˰졣żʶమƵֵز
ʹͶҪҪӣȻʹͲǸЩ
үʹͿЩģ벻Ҫүָֻ˻Цݣʾ֭ģʲôǮģԾʹүı顣
үҲףԴֻװǮ벻үʹ͵ģүֻÿĶ䣬ĽĶ䡣
࣬ԽԽ죬ŰСү˵ֻҲ𽥺͸ˡ
ֻһ仰档˭˵Ŵ˲õ飬뿴үһһĵ֡Խ߶ʰ·硣
ôүʹͲɣǲǽӶġүNɪ
ȴ޲óүӡүʹͣȷʵǽӻġûʹġ
֪ɣ͸㣬޳ܵүȻҪʹүһϣһϵɶɶɶ
붼ᱳۣȵɶڴүɶɡ
үһ޿ˣүŪ
ôһôүҲǿԵġ
Ҫһ˵õһϡޡ죬˵ʲôʵһҲҪ
ǺǣԹүأһϣүƻᱻեɣĴλǿԵġ
źĴҲŲס
үı飬ֻúǺաμΡ
ʱʱĽΣΪ˵ˡ
үֻ÷Ź࣬ҪȥǰԺ̸ģߵķƹùá
֪үʱҪһԺСһࡣ
үڶԺ˷ƣҲתĨǣżɽ˵˽ҪĿġ
ù÷ģүѾԸȥˣղžҲү¡
ү֪ԼҶΪԼãͬ˵һֻֻү˷ųû˵̵ٰ½ڸϡ
֪Ľ½ϣǲǻҴΪŷ˲ร½

224

Ҫֻ֪Ǳˣںϣ˸Ͻ㡣֮һֱǰԺٰ죬ûʲôģŶȲŸߡ
˼үףùûȥ֪ô
үҲɵ뷨Ǻһģϣ໹۵㡣
үūҪ￴ССǣĽЩܿˡ
ãġڿӣϣϽ¾ͿԼ
ȥƹùüСһү˵Żʹɫʾע㣬Ҫ÷ŵɣš
Ȼ֪еԭ򣬱ŷƹùóȥˡ
ūžͲȥžˣλСӣūžҪعˡ
ƶү˰֮󣬾ȥ˸ڷ䡣
үһᣬȥҡֻһҲ֪ƹùúү˵ʲôǿɶ벻ھǶڴ¡
ôɶµ˰ɡûµģ˼һү߹ֱס࣬˾ıһ
һߣƼ³ǣ˯Ҳûˡ
ع󣬾ͽүĶԻһһ˵
㿴һҲһʶġ
үԺһģ˵ڶֽӵĲʹ͡
˲ãʵӻǿ⻰˵
ڶһ磬СһʹոµС·³ǲɫøɣǷۺɫͬĲϣͬĿʽͬĻֻɫһ
Ҳױ磬ڿԳȥˣڲӣٳûζķˡ
񣬽㴩·ϦҲһˣ⺢Ŭʲôѧϰﲻһ¾ͽϰյĲˡ
Ҽǵңǲһ͹һһ·
ʱүӽϻ͸ģʱ˸ƥһƥԼƥš
һƥۺɫһƥɫʱŮ·ˡ
ⲻãĸ˴װ
˵·ϦȻ֪ƥӵԴǴ򿪹һ۾ܿ·ӿ·ͬ
ţʹɡ·ѡˣ¾ѡΣ·ɫഺȻ̫ϳɡ
ѡһֻ觹ڣСͷм䣬߷ֱ촦һŷۺɫ飬ϴͬʽ

225

һ磬ȷȵģ˭ܿӵĸء
ƯϦ˫ֺʮ࣬۾ﶼĹâϦʱ໹ǸӣҲûױ磬ΪӣעЩˡ
һ糹СŮ
ǺǣƶҾϲЦǺǵ˵ǸŮ˲ϲ˿ĻǼġ
ʱˣǰԺѾ˲ˡ
ʱֽˣʱһֱľǶ⽻档֪ʲô¸ʲô²
Ǳ׼𣿡λСǿɲܳ⡣
ظλС߷ֱλ֣ʱҲڣţز⡣
һͽ·Ը׵ڿǶԺĹ֣ʲôС¶ҪģҲ⵱˦ƹ
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ЦָһһСûмǸСϲһģһһ֮ĬһͺǶһ
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ˣһֿʼˣ޵رġ
׼ּò֪ǺáҲСӳκġ
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237

׼ڱһƬˬСӿ޲˵
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СӳǸ߷ֱĿ
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׼ָ£СӸĽӴʱǿǸһΣ໹СȥСɤӶ޻ˡ
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Ѿ״ˣ֪һµĺ˵ȫǶţ١
񣬻᲻С粻ϲ㿴һСͿޣϴҲһģСһĽһֱޡūţĪǰ粻ϲ
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Ÿ̾ħʧˣеķСĳίĺӲŷС
вã̧ͷһȻɣ۾Ѿʪͱţʱпܴһ
ϣĹԹԣɲܿޡ
æʯվߵɣŸǰҪɣš಻˵ãһ˵ɣСĸˡҪҪˣ༯ǡ觡
解콫
觱ҲûԶһĽŶ۷ˡ

Ľл˵ˣʲô¡
԰㿴öˣţô
һԣ˵庢ˡоԼ˶⡣

ȻԣҪСõ
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಻òоԼĺҲ̫ˡ⻹ԼĻ˵á

238

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ܾãɣһԼµģ˴ƫɣšҲʾϲ³ĺӣô᲻ϲֻ֮䣬Ǳʶѡ˸ɣš
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ǺͶľˣеˣɣֻﲻһ˯ˣֻ÷Ըֽӱչš
ֲ觸ţô
࿴ǰԹԶǰĶСһʱԵĺ˯úãһȦˡ
лл
ˣԹԺ觻ȥɡ
ĸ󣬳ź᷿ȥ
ڲص˰ɣǰ֪ԶС˶СķʾͻС˲١
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ǰŻûµģƽƽˡҲ¡ǰһ䣬˵ţЩųӡһ˳䣬˺¡
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͡С¹˵̲סЦˡ
һӦǸϴʲôôǾøԽԽˡ˴ĵĸôضⲻŴүô
һ˸รЩֵȥĸҵôԼǹôһ
лô룬͢лô룬ʹô롣Ǻڴϵء

239

รôԽԽ಻ˣĶʲô°
ҡͷ̾ϢǰòรǸĻŮӣҲǸɵá
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Цĳรү϶ȥรʱรҪóˡ
Ϧൽ׺˸ʲôʱӦżôòร»裬ԺԸ񲻸鷳
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갲οŽϦʱϦ·ʱҲһ嶯ߴʱ䳤ˣѧ˼
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Ϧͷʺţоڳ˺֪ˣһɵɵʲôҲ֪˲оԼñԺôڸǰźء
һҲĸϳʲô۶ӣ඼ż޸ȥˡ
һ˯̤ʵˡֱƻʱ̣
ҲһǵүŭֹỹԺԺء
ҲȥɣȥˣүҲԺء
ڸոү֪ͨȥԺūŵ֪ݣֵ˯Ժȥ
˭֪⾰ĳģӲ⾰ѣҲ֪⾰᲻ǳ𣬸ү߷磬Լɲˡ
Ϧźϴ£ȻθĻᡣ
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˵ģǳ檵˶Щģû˼
ϵĽ٣ڻŪףЩȷʵС£Ƕڰӵү˵ڳĴơô
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үһˣĿӸתƵſϡ
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ӶԺԺҲֻмʮ׾ѣô۵ֲǲģܶ
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ʱѵģֻйүǰĸϡˣԼڿ֮ˣһүʵġ
ʵ˵ҪѵҪ࿴ڵĳ
죬ү˵ʲôʱֵˡ
ү᱾Ͳϣϻʡڹ̶ⲻǰϻߵĺ룬ô
檣ֻǽ̵ϹɡϽͰ͵ĶүͣŸϵ棬үϣλÿүλá
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ʱһС̫͵͵ƹȺǰ񸽶һ֣£үһͨҲû˵ʲô
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ү֮ǰһۣԶǶá˼ү½½ˣѾó裬ǵүҲûҪ˷ʱ䡣
Ժˣȴ˶š
ô˶ˣ㻹￴ЦɡǷϵڵϣλˡ

241

ЦǺǣЦҿĻֻǺԺҪ˴ˡรҲͷˡ
ڸϵĻмһˣǸôȥԼǻлԱء
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͡Լж
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þ㲻֪飬ǽأǲรոλߣõģԵǺõġ
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ϦҲˣΪԼҸ˵кϷˡ
ǻ߰ɡϦڸڵӻеµģҲһ£ľٶ˵ͻȻǰѵôһ£޶Ҳŵء
Ϧ˵뿪϶ͬģĿĴﵽˣɲϣĸϡ
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Ҳģϣȥͬү˵ү϶ŵģȥ˵ھȥ˵ţһվҪȥү
һٶŵãϦæǰæһ࣬һϡ
รſǼҸ񣬷ſϦקŸоԼ̵ˡ
ǣվĸæǸˣǲรˣǶ𷣡곯ҩߵŭЩǵģһɵ㶵Ҳǰæ

242

Ŷúáߵ˾һУعȹվſڵܹȥ
ӣȷſ񡣡ȻֹϣҲǱϲƵ
ȥү֪үһģȥȥĸ첲Ȼһ˵ģǺԽ˵Խҡ
ϣſҡʵ޿̣͸ϾȥԸڵԼ֮ܿܵ֡
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ϣûʹү㣬УΪҿ֮ܰĶԹֻǿʼӻء
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һԱӣǰ߰ĺòรĸֻһүŮ˶ѣүԺڶŮ֮΢һ
ģи߸үͷˣһ᲻ӵġ
Ҫǡ߲߸Уһ𣬸Ͼ뵽ԼĵزǸ߼һ
ʱȫû߷ôȫΪ˸ϣҪүǸ߸߼ңȴû뵽Ūɳ׾
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үÿ궼ȥľΧǵһβٰ졣

243

죬үûȥԺԺŮˣȻҲȥ
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244

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ЦЦϦЧʻǲģһͽҪõģĴĶ׼롣
ǰԺʱˡҲ֪ûС
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һȺ˺ƺƵĳŴŴȥôȻˡ
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һԼ˵үҲȥԼҶǴţڻʹж˵ϤȫĵطϾǴٿġ

245ٿ밲

³͸ɣһȥүȥǡ
үĳ˵ҶүģҲͦõģպý밲Ӧõġ
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߰ɡƿǰ࣬һֱүԶȥıӰǱƵġ
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ô᲻үˣǰСѾͷȤǵãһǰһСǺܻᶺ˿ĵģ˷Ҳϲࡣ˷ǣҲǰǸƨɺСˡ
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ҪȥΧˣڶһʱ䡣
ִƺ󹬣ԻȥΧǲܴġ
ྪȵүүʲô˼Ƕ˵ˣôҪٿȫûнүĻ
үһۣ֪СԴˡ
ү׼һȥľΧ㡣үһͣŷԼոպүһ䡰һӡ
Ȼԣʹȥɣչ˵ĺúõġǰͲСأٿҲ˺öˣСһҲ֡
⣬ү...ԥǺүһȥ˵еľ֡᲻úǣĵľǸɣš
¶Ҳǿ֪ˣԺҪءү˵ү֪󡣲ܸõıɣš
ģ˵ʲôôˣǰͻɹ⣬ֻҲûĸʲô󶯾ҲֻСѣŶ㽡
ġֻҪܴ̼Ҫޣû£ȳܿסԼҲһƽ
ү໳ʱܵԼɣ̫ҽϣз֢״һһ˵
ү˵ɣҪǴ޲ֹܲסʱпȥˡһֱӱܵʵڳİǰôܲģۿתתۿװز֮ʱȻ¡
ˣôȴһֱűԺЩˣһʡĵģȻıã𶼱ˡҪ˵ҪúùܹĺԺԽո͹š
ŭѣ³ɶ֣Ҳû취
࣬ģµģǱŮκݺ
öԲ࣬º͵˵
ллһʣһ߻ػ
үڱϿ۲ѣǰڣҲ˼§ﰲο
ӽΪ£ȳ֮նӻ˽͹
еģǷȥɡ
ǶӸˡү󣬾˳ȥһٿүͽ§

249Сһʱ

ʱ䲻֪ȥˣʱֻҪСһţ඼ᱧԼˣʹȥ԰ˣҪﶺСһ뵽Ҫ뿪Сһһ¾᲻á
ţҪԶţὫ͸͵ǺϲŵģҪ͸֪𣿡
ǰС㣬һһ֪໹̲ס߶
ɣŻõ㣬Ӧֻ࣬ǻӦķȴСݣ³ͺֱˣ˯
񣬷ĺˣūŻСһȥġ֪Ĳ£ӧʹˣˣԼǾھǵĺá
֣һȥ𣿡౾֣ʲô¶ģô־ȻҪãҲ
ū֪ĲСǣ˵ūʹˣҹ̵ģūϹͷܲˣūžھغСǡ
ߵǰѾ˯ŵ³͵ֻŶ˵
ţҲáڣҲġô־ھһȥʹ觴ţ꣬ϦȥľΧС¹š־ءཫԼĴ֡
ġֺӦ
ȻˣǾȥʰɣһͶˣʱ򣬷ƹùûǣһȥɡ
»ү֪ͨģǽȥȥ׼㣬Ҳģʱˣӻûаȫ಻ģүġ
ùţˡ
񣬹ˡڼСһƷʱϦҴææ߽
СһǣҪ˵ټˣǵġһºټʱϣųðģҪˡɲԣ˵꣬Сһ۵Сϸһ¡
Ǳų䣬θСһǵİ˸֣˸СѾͷ֣觶һʮ˻һһȥб޻
ùã׼ˣǶţСѾͷչССʱˡһЩȽһ㡣
ǰķƽ͵˶ˡ
ȻȫȥȥҲӦõġСѾͷǾͲȥˣٿʲôȱοźūţͷĺˡ
ڶ˶ûղ·ͳɣûҪ˵

250仨

СһǳֱԶˣʧתȥ
һ·Ҳ֪ʲôһֱͷŽ£ҪϦڱϻţָԽԱߵĻٴء
һĲɵӡʱ˻԰ǰϲ԰ˣȥҲϣܺõ㡣
񣬻԰ˣҪҪȥιι԰㣬þûмˡ
̧ͷĴɲߵ԰ˣٹȥһԺˡ
߰ɣȥɡȻӺͶڣɻ԰ҲģԼȥҲУ컹ء
һ·߿Ļ԰ʵûʲôͷûаٻţûȻеֻƮĽҶ
ԺӵĽҲһķ羰ߡ
ūȥõʳϦȥͤšūȥȥ
һŷԼֿտգϦһǻʲôȥιءֻȥͤţԼȥȥá
аɣȥɣϦأ
࿴ŲԶͤӣ΢罫ͤϵɴᣴ΢΢඼ܿͤЩ֡
˳£Сʯͷ԰Сϣ߱һЩƯ¼ֻʣѽͺͺĻǶˣѾƮڵأƬصˡ
ּһƬꡣɵδʫ˵һʫ仨
׺͹ᣬ̨ȥ㡣
⴫˫۷
ʫдƯ˵˿仨ͬܣòԼˣҲʱ뿪Լߡ
ʲô಻ɵЦƯңԶĹŴ۰ĶڻСԶ룬ү̳ΪʮТϹأ
˵ʲôأϦԼҸԴӽССߺ󣬾һѻӣᾹȻʼˣŻϦ
ûʲô߰ɣҹСС춼ˡɲԼߵ˵ԼұҲûʲô¡СС԰С֡
һɫģһɫģϴÿȥҪһСܡ
첽ͤϣͤǽڳģֻһСľͨ档ԶͤƯˮһ

251ĸĹ

ˮҲˣͤӱϣһӵϣǰȥ
һ۾ͿˮϤӰСС
СС죬һԵģιǡǷ·ƵģӵˮƽСԾεСС󣬹ԹԵ롣
ྪȵĿһУҪ֪ûѵʦһУȻΪѵĽΪ֪ûѵʦŸȣôЩЩԵģͬè
˭˵ֻӵļ䣬ѵŴ㣬ִ˾۾ĿǰһĻ˲ûпˡ
ҲûпͤˣǽǶȵ⣬˸պñҡڵɴ᣻ڵס
ô⻨԰ء
˵֮˾Ȼ½ߵоҲͨСľͤ
Ժˣ֪Ѿˡ
ү䣬ūŵѾ޵½ĥͬʮĸˣҲʮ߰ѡ
լԺ֮Уû˶裬ûеλǿūŶ磬ԴöֵĲƥǸ˵ģǱҧƵģԵҲʣµһʣʣ
½ѾûˣֻϣԼܹúõĻţҪۼˡ
Ǵү
ΪԽԽ߽ͤӣо仰һˡתͷȥǱλ½ϺѾͷо
໹ѵûпﻹôôݵ˵Ҫүż
׼ﻹ˵ʱ½ȴˣֻýߵĻȥ
ͣʲôôʱˣүûᵽңڿҵӣүˣΪүԸ⿴𣿡
½̬ɱǰöˣó費óѾĲôҪˡ
˻½Ͽг˵Ծѣǰ߰½ѵĸıˣʲô۶ӡ
ԸźߣҲ룬үõĵطǻ԰ôԼ˺ޱܻ䣬ҪôӸҪôû
ϾЩŮϳ̫ò
ţϦƯˣɲϲǽǡ
ϦεæӦǰôȥʳôҲû

252ү

½˶һۣǻûˡǸո˵ĻҲûŻ˼Ҳܻ䣬ǰ
񰲡½ϰǰһʱӦ½ϣӦǱ˸밲
ҹ̧֣ʾϼ½Ϸ
½԰𣿡
½󣬾һֱվԱߣҲûʲôı飬ģһʱ໹²
ǵģ£ūתת
½ڱ׼һһ䡣㲻Ҳ˵βѡʱȳ
ūŽʳˡһ·СܵͤϣſͤϲֹˣкЩûм½ϡ
ҿˣϦͲϼͷ½Ҳʹüۣ֪ʲôԼҸˮ㣬Ҳ֪˸Ŀ⡣
ʵǺ½޻˵ŽĿŽϡʱתͷƴʱΡ
ˣ½ҪҪһι㡣౾Ϊ½ϻܾյ½ϿǲмЩµġ
ð½̧ͷĵġǰһģһСһСӽ
ȴεЦЦڵ½ϻ²͸
ֻôùģ֮У㷭ӿͬеĿˮ
˵ĿⶼڳϣֱˣҲȫȻ֪ͤӿȷ֡

ꡭүʾҪ˵֪ȤƵһԡҲ֪ʲôȻҲûү
ôпι㣿
ͻȻһĵĶֱӽˮˣͷһүĻֹࡣ뿪˵үȴһ졣
ү½ϹؾصĹүǰүһʱƲ˭תͷѯ࣬ʾԼҲҪӡ
үȻڣҲҪλүǰүϽǰԽŶŹڵ½˵
ɡܳ벻ܳүԷģڵ½үָֻǰĸģ
½Ҳ⣬ӵվʱүƼ½ϵòҲû뵽ղǰò½ģ
･֮⡣үΪ½½ģͬġҪȻΪʲôʱڻ԰Ǻһ

254

ү֮鲢ûӹ۾ݺݵүУȴϲ
౾е㶯ҡ½ĸˣүཫԼһӲѹĵףôˣŴŮΪ裬ʲô
ô
⻰Ҳүģ½ڵ֪֮еģҲ뿪ûүڣֻﵱһľ׮ӡ
°ָָվŵ½ϣʾү滹վŮأ֮ȴһ˿Ϸ֮⡣
үεҡҡͷŶ½˵
½ϣүɫÿӲʣԺٳӡ
үĻ֮⣬½Ϻô½Ͽɬѹĵ׵һ˿Σүס
ū岻ʣлȥˡү;㡣
үӦ½վӣͷҲصĴоͤӡ
½Զˣ
½ģ뵽Ժү»ǲҲ½һҪүˡʱֻܿź͹ˡ
⻰һһЦȷүʱʱпִܷһһƣ˶ģο檳ȺĹŴ
˵үһСƨϡϦߵߵԶԶģվͤ档
౻үһƣĺ۵Ķߵġﻹôأү͹Ĵƨɡ
ү˵Զᱣģ½һ㣬ҪϹ롣
үȻȷԼĸ飬һ뵽ܵ˿Լͺ޲ýЩĥūһȱС
ߣүﻹôأô...ô...
ڿû˼ôֻ֪࣬үôǰԼƨɣ;úöˡ
˭㲻үˡ
үҲСƢġ
ߡүصĺһתͷҲүˡǱʶѾүˣ˲Ÿүǰô޼ɵ
үҲѾӰӣҲǰƢ
ðүҲûĻӦתͷ࣬ȴཱུСӡ
ˣ
죬ү
ˣ
Զ
үˡ
ջԶĿ⣬¶ˮ㡣ǲү
ˣˣţԡ
С£ǻûү

255׼

ү˻𣿹ԹԣŶ
үԼһϰںԼĹŮһ
ү֤Ժڴ˼ƨˡôߵҪү
ǿɲУ´ιԹٸһүүҪƨɵģԺû˵ĵط򡣡
ү仰˵󣬱еתԲ۾үҪˣæתƻ⡣
һҪˣĶ𣿡
Ȼ౻ĳע
Ӧúˣҳʱ껹ү˵Ҫ೤ʱܵľΧʲôﰡǲԵʲôͳʲôү궼ԵЩ
עתˣȴһˣүһʱȻʧЦ
Թһô࣬үôشأҪϵʱүһһشô
үлྐྵȻûүе˼ɵ㶵ĵͷá
үζһЦබӣôоԼֱү·ˡҲ벻ﲻԾֱϣ౻үȥʱֻһͷ
Բۣүǣר·Сڵڶһ磬ྐྵȻûӲģֳ˯ȥǺˡ
үôͻȻ԰أ
룬үƽʱǺæģЩŮ죬еҪԲ仨԰үûʱ;
үҪȥԺģⲻԶԶƼŹġ
ǰԺȥԺ·԰үǰԺһתͿʳι㡣ΪǶȹϵ˲ûпԱߵ½ϡ
үҿʲô£
ɻʱүæͷתģȥԺС͵ģϢҲǰԺʱԽԽˣ˵үӦüÿطʱȴˡ
ү֪Ҫ͵ȥ᲻ôⲻ
үµͻȻ᲻úӣֲȥˡҪˡ
үˣź͹ˡһүɾһ¼ˡ
ֻ˵ҪүԱ񣬾ϲүԱ
үıǣүʱɻǵġ
үһӣ࿪ġ಻֪ү컹ҪȥӹүӵĻỹأⲻ뿪鲻ãŶ
Ȼүʧӣǵ㲻ҲʧˡԼﲻҲҪһһ
ˣߣүȥүỹأһߡȻˡүŽһͬͻȥˡ

256ȥ

½ߣһ·ĬĬ߻ԺΪԺԺıҪصԺͱ뾭ԺԺСԺԺСԺŵԺ˵ԺȫƫƧԺˡ
ԺһŷǵԺˡ
½ڻԺ·ϣŸߵԺԺš
Ǻò׼үô˰
оıԹ½ϻվɾվԺԺ¡̧ͷԺ
Ĳร谮ϣԺͥУأ㿴ſڵҶٿԺūſɻǰӡ
½ָԺһ̫࣬ǸС̫ɢżߣһɢģ
Ӳó裬ūҲ¡òรкó谮Ҳ٣ǶϾ񡣣㿴ء
½ϼǰߣоಽĸš
ûյòֻһ檣ûʱҲˣүԴʲôӣʲôӡ
ѾĶԺԺúԺ෴ūŸлææµµԼ¡
ԺһƬ࣬һ檸еӡ
ƶԺ֪񶼶ôóˣ;³ҺͲรڵģ
½ջĿ⣬ǰߣ½ֻԼԺͬⳤȣûпƽƽˡ
оֻǸūţ˵ʲôʲô
߰ɣȥɡ
½ϲ˵ʲôоһ·߹ԺСԺֱһ˵Ժ
ڶһ硣˯ʵӲӴｫүһһ顣
˵Ȳ죬ͻȻү£һ顣
үصĽǲˣȻȥϴ໹ûзӦֻǾýڴ˵Ҳһ
ֱүѵž¼ˡ
үǾ˵˵ľΧ£·Ͳѵô˰ɡͰ͵˵廹ͣơ
ԹԲ֪ɡү¼ɳˣ˽ĺáүΪϰµ·ѵøɸɾһѽ
ү²áñôɡ˫ƾү¶š
ү˫ֲʵĵ£սȻȻϵ㣬үȥ
˽һүˬȥ˻ʹ˯һ㡣

257

ѣҪȥʹˣү˵ˣ˶ӻʹѾ׼ˡ
Σ֪ٴˣ£ϴױ඼Ǳ۾ɵġ
Ȼյ˫ۣתͷꡣ
꣬˵˭
ͻȻһ£е㱻ŵˣͰ͵˵
ǡԺ񡣡
ϣ֪ԼҪȥȴû뵽ˣ͵нϣȷʵһ㲻ˬ졣
񣬸үˡϦܽү֪ˡ˲ʱԲġ
Ϧɤһŷʱ䲻ˣԼһ㲻֮Ժ󡣸ϽԸ׼
һ˽Ŵϳ
չأͽֻǸֻǳһġǸรͲͬˣ˼ǿһӵһġ
񰲡һĽ΢΢ǻ׷ĸзţȻһĸһȡ
𡣡໹治ӦǰЩȴתɱ˸
Ҳرֻˡ˽ϼӷӣϦһݳ
ʹҲǺԶҲǺյĹѾ˻ʹ
ȴûֱӽȥţֱ˯ʱ洫ŽͱʾѾˣڼҾҪд
Ŵ򿪡ƥɫ֮ǰƥѪʶ
үغɫëϵһװһİ̺ۣҲ֪Ƕһ˱𪣬Ӵ˴
ӺүǺֶܿӵģԼĶһͿԿǼҰ١
үңֱȺ֮еʱŷµ˵˼䣬ͷ󣬱뿪еĶ顣
ꡱ
ꡱ
ꡱ
߰ģ⻹һμشĳ棬ֻһ̵ĺΰ⽫ʷϲɶʷ¼
˵ĹӺүǲӦģֻҫ۵ʻԶȥ󣬸ſʼ뿪뿪ǶүҵģȻˡ
棬࿴һۣһɫȹŮӣòԲ½ϣʤһ

258ԭ

ϳĵϣʼߣҡҡλΣǸոѵԴʱԺѯʺ֮Ůӵ£Ҳ֮Ժ
ҪūϢһɣһʱỹͣġ
ĵһϳͷֿʼСˣҲ֪үԼҸأᷴܳʱ䣬࿿Ϣ
꣬Ҿ֪ˡ۾Դļϣ˵š
ϿǰһĻǲܵģıֿ˭֪ʲô
үֻҪȥԺɶȥԺôܲʼɡ
ôģҲǷʱүһûᡣ룬үο϶ԭˣҪôὫ
뵽⣬ĲƽöˣֻҪүԸ뵽Լôͻлᡣ
ֱӪŵʱһ·α˯ûԼģ˯ܸ֮оӵĿտҲ
ˣպøϳšϦһʳнͻȥˣﻹµġ
ߵķӽڵϦŽʳķһһϣӲ׼˷ݵģҲ֪ǽϺġ
˱˴˶й˼ɣһٷβѡҲӾǵľΧԶԹҲİٶ๫ڵг̣һ͵ˡ
һൽڻûϹʱڼˡ
꣬Ǹȥ߰ɣ
Ҳ˵ÿ仰֮ǰҪá³Ժ༱ԭزͦ߶
֪꣬𣿣ⶼһˡ
꿴żϽһָȥʱһӦǸһЩŮ췽õġ
Ҳ꣬ȹڣҴҵ˽ȥϡһĳˣԼȥŽ˯֮ʱ˵ˡ
Ŷү˵ʲô
˯ʱүʱϢ˻͵
ү˵ί죬ľΧԼʳ˵ֻү񵲸鷳µġ
˵ѹֵöˡ
˵ү֪СǼģһŹκκˣϴԭһлΪ

259ľΧ

࣬˽Ҳ˳۶ˡ
ûеãֿʼˣүҲһֱûڿӺүӵĶӣʱɲܶŮ鳤
ߵһڵľΧɹŲԭˮݷ޷ܡүλʱΪ˶ӣ￪һƽǧ׵Գÿ＾ﶼһξɫŨԻ˳ΪľA
ҲΪˣӾǵľΧһ·Ҳ˲йڹűй
վڲԭ֮ϣʵĿææµµˣԼ˶ࡣ
񣬽ȥЪŰɣʽʼΧˡ
꽫еƷźãộžͿվ￴Զ
þǽϵ񡣶ұ࿴һۣǸŮӡΪĳ࣬رޣ˺ǣ࿴һ۾ͼסˡ
߽񣬱߻ꡣ
֪Ա˭ģ
һʱûзӦʵһߣ˵İ
ǣһߡҡҡͷ
һߣһ˵ĸ񡣡
룬뵽˵˭
ĸииƯ檡Ȼ֪˭ˣҲȥ룬װΡ
ЩƯĿ϶ӺүסɫξǶүүġоҲͱүСôһ㡣
߽ȻСȫྪȵǣﾹȻľûʲôʱľ
ľͼ򵥶ˣźĵ̺¸ˡľԱм򵥵ױһİԼһӡ
Ȼ򵥣ȴ£֪ģԼһжԱȵϲรĹˣ롣Ҳ֪үİš
Щүü񹫹ģү谮أ
ϦƼı飬뵽һжүΪԼҸŵģϦ̲ס˵·Լһ
Ȼû˵ʲôǴϵı飬ϦǾ֪ԼҸ⼫ˡһŴϵıӣӿǺͶԺһģһүһҲˡ
үһֱ£סĲϰߣ˽ƽʱùߵĶͺʹЩһ͹ˡ
Ϣɣǿʼˡ꽫ϴźãŶ˵
ͷһ·ĵеˡ

260Կʼ

ڶһ磬ǱӵѵģžϦ
𣿡
ţ
ϦŽҿӣˮȥ
濪ʼôôʹһʱûио˯һϣûеĸоȫˡ
ûأ˵ʿѡΧȦأһҪȥϦһϴһ߽⡣
ţʲôΧȦһ±ƣϾʹһȺӴô
һֱΪġϦ˵ʲôҪȦΧȦ໹治֪ҪүģĽҲա
񻹲֪ɣˣһ۾Ϳ·ǵûа·ȻģҲܿⲢƽʱӿʽеִװ
ڶ·Ļȴתע
ūҲ˵ġÿľΧʱݵκ޵ķֲΪ72Χ
ÿԿʼɹΧԤѡķΧΧ£γһΧȦС
ȻʿȦľƵĳڣģ¹ż¹Ѱż¹ΪżҰΪʳ¹£
ȰΧȦòСˣҰܼʱԵĿʼ
˵أôһƬԭҪԵǺѵģԭôһ£ڰΧȦ࣬Ծˡ
ʲôʱʼأҲ뿴ⳡǲʷϼصġ
ˣϴ꣬Ͳˡ꽫·ڴϣֱ·Ŀ⡣
꣬Ҽǵûдɫ·
ŶūŶ˵ˣ񹫹ģ񹫹˵øţүȥ硣
˵ᵽһͷҲˣɢͷߵߣ˫콫·ſ
Ȼ룬һɫװҲִֽװֻ·սװࡣ
үأ
оԼеأӳʼźá˶ô᲻Ķ
үӦԳأȥ˵ܿ
Ļ׳һһ飬һ궼˽һ
ǻʲôʰȥԡ໶ױǰϦױ

261Ҫĵһ

ϵʱ죬ӺүһɫıװŸͷվȺǰӺүһɫ·ͦεˣ̬үүµĿҲһװ
پͬĶүүϵİ̺ۣӲļ˼֡үү࣬ĹԱһѪڡ
үһоԿʼˡͳǰ
ţӺүӦͳõӦ˵һ߸Ӻүڳλá
ӺүȴûԶ翵ᶨһڴһ
ִ̽ļһ֧ΪɫɫڹŴŻϣӺֻûдԼֵĹϣݸү
ģһʰ䡣
˻һĲүڳһЩ˲ࡣ
ֵĿһĻղŻͦˣôӺүүʱɫ
ȻѧȻҪʵġ
꣬ôˡղŻúõġ
ɲҴЩֻĵſʵ
껹ûлش߱㴫һ
ȵǻ䣬ӡ䣬Ȼ䣬ǴģΧ䡣
һ˼Զ
Ťͷȥǰˣ˵Ůĸ񡣾ǲ֪λ
ǼȻ˼˵ˣ͸ûӦŶͷ񣬶Ҳͬ˶ǸҲƽ
λǣģ֪Էϡ
ϡ˵ͷЦ
ЦѾˣһЦֱֹͣˡҿǸŮˣ˹Ͱݵϵʯȹˡ
ÿ˶õﶼûеֿģҲ⡣
ͣȻ˿ɰĴԲ档ϵƾһ˫۾֪˵Ρ
֪ңྪȣΪֹûҽܹأ
ﴫר辰񣬶жĿ϶оһλǰҼһ棬ôֻǾˡ
ಢô֪ԼˣΪ˵ôҲ֪סǼŮ졣
ţ봫үŷԼĲ֪Ȼƫˡ
ʰ꣬ޱʰ꣬ʰһ
үһ仰˼һǱ˼˭֪Ӻүʱܱȵġ˵үҲƨ

262Ưһ

˼ڳĶ֪һǻ䣬ôҪһүǰ˼ǣүʻϵȨ򵥵˵һδ
ү˵ϣʵί˵Լܼ̳˴ΡҲֻʽϵѡ
ÿλѡ˵ֻϵģ̫ӣֱӵľô֤ʱղˣ£ѡеĻӻĴӦϻˡ
˵үֻϵѡ
ŰɡʰţƯһ
ӺүȻ¶ģȻΪүдʾͽļջأݽү
ʰȻŶȻûʰʧүӹ֧شһ֧һǳɡ
үԶ¹Ⱥһǰȥ鿴үԵطǽԶģһʱỹû
ֱͨүԼŷ¡ҪһүʲôҲûԵⲻԢⲻãӺүڴӡһǧɡ
ϴ£ʵһֻӶԲǿǻ֮ˡ
İ¹һͷĸһͷ׳˶¹ֻ¹Ӵͷϵ¹Ǿ֦һͺͽǵĳȣֻ¹϶¹Ⱥ֮еˡ
ãҰ¾Ӻү˵ĴЦԿʼ
һ£ӺүĻӻ󳼽ȥ
үүͷԵĶֳղŵ飬Եү˶үһ
үԶȥ֮ٴҲûʲô˼˾ȥϢ
ҲûʲôɿˣҾȻȥˣ⡣
ϵͷ֮ʹˣڻȥ·ϸϸƷζǽ˵֮
ÿΧһǻģӺүȴһүôʷһүǻϻʵ۵λá
һ·ϹЩˣ߹Ľ϶ûע⡣
񰲡
ǰߣûע⵽ϣϾԼֿԶΪȶרŰڷŵʯͷͷһ𣬶ŷӵͷ
ӱʾ׺˲עʱ򣬽µСʯһߵǰ
϶ûпοǽŵµһʯӡһ²ڰ͹ƽĵϣ岻ȣֱֱĶԱߵǿʯͷײȥ

263͵ʴ

ﰵˬһײȥʮа˾žͻ࣬ôôͬ衣
Ϊ岻ȣ¾ȥץסԵĶסԼԳ˺󷽵ĽԼϺߵķӡ
ӦҲǷӵùһѱץסֱۣ޷ķֱӳ൹ȥĵط˹ȥΪӵĹϵ³ٶȺͽǶȡ
˷ӵĸ첲ײڼʯͷϣԴײʯͷԱߵĲݵϡô͵һģ˲оðǡԱߵķӾûôˣ첲ʯͷƤˣѪ˲ˡ
񣬸ôˡ
ӣ
ʲô£ôˣ
ôһᣬĵϵľԼ涯Ŵѯ
ȥҽ
Ŷúá첽ǰȥˡ
ʵеζӣô͵һ£βŹ֣û£µʵǷӡ
꣬ͣͣңеΣǰöǡ౾Σֱôı˲Ǹˡ
ŶŶõġಢûˣп˵ˣҲأĻÿԼ
̫ҽʱѾöˣǰûôǡ
̫ҽҼҸͷĵˡ˻ûɤȵˣôš̫ҽΪ⾰ǲǿԴˡ
̫ҽ߽һĶúõģͷϵ˶ѡΪҽߣҪһµġ
иоﲻʡ
ڵϵ˫ۣҡҡͷ²ʹġ
ͷһΣ¡
ӵţȻûˣ̫ҽ쿴Ӹ첲ѪˡϷ߷߲ƽˣⶼܶȥ͵ʴף˵ľǡ
ѪˣεԴѼ֡ǵԼˤʱקһѣҲ֪ק˭
ˣпȥΧһͼϷŸ첲Ѫķӡ
̫ҽָһɫ׵ķӣҲ֪Ϊ۵ģΪʧѪࡣ
ֹŮģǲ̫ҽҽεģɽ̫ҽȻҪ̫ҽôҲҪһӡ
ղУ£̫ҽҲ˵ˣôǰľԺôҲǸλһ񲻸á

264Ĵɱ

̫ҽ֮Ľ˵δ˼ͷֻʯͷЩʧѪ࣬һʱͺˡ
л̫ҽȥ̫ҽ̫ҽ˵꣬Ȼֶ˵
һȥ㲹Ʒͽ񡣡Ҳ֪ԼôˤˣԼʵܾԼӦòʲô
è޺ӼٴȱǲҪϺݺݵһۣŷӻ
ӣʶģǰզզȥԼҲѾˣڱ˽ӲǾͲǵˡ
һͽϵĻߵҲд۵ġ
ȥеĻ׶ͺࡣ
һƨϣϦƽ廨ЬŴЬӡ
ǣ񡣡
˵үֳΪΧȦСˣԸСҲ
˶ԵӺСүһֻ䵽¹֮Ҳ½ٵӣ꣬үȵˡ
үεҡҡͷоԼҶôôСΪԼ䵽Լǰѿ
үͷү෴ķȥˡ
й϶ѣүİūšҲү졣ھƽʱǲүģԶٴΣգÿ߶мš
תԶȥүѸٵת֮УȴһȻүһԶүĵطͣ¡
үū߸ոԶȥӰ룬ôү϶һ𡣡
үߵһ˵ʵҪĿľҪүȥ޻أ˲ŵүֻ¾֮ġ
ߡүһ˿ĺĵطȥ˼ⲻǸô
үȳķȥ˸档
үߺųԭһԴȥ˼䡣ΪֻСӵԶԶֹЩ»ʲôıԼ
ү룬ԷƱүҲϲϡ
ڵĵǣƽһءȻүĴɱ⣬ôֻȻȥǶţб޻ô
үһǣ룬Ķүԭˣ֮Ǻǻϡ

265ֻС

үߵʱҲ֪ǲߴ·ˣûԹĺۼүԽ˸ߵӲݡ
ͻȻݴ֮дһɧүֹͣǰУүͽǰУĹӲݣԽԽүҲԽԽ
أءСеүǰУǰӦûдޣҲӦ̡
үô֪ģΪүû޵ľ޾סĵطԽ޻ᷢصľүߵˣһ㶯ûУү϶ûгޡ
үһӲݣӡүȴһ¶ĳ
ݴ氲һͷĸһ֧ѪȾ˻ëȴҧһֻӣ˫۽ա
ڻֻСҲ͸ճãֻСҧŻӡ
үֻȥʳСıУ㱻ҲĽӴιֻС
үֻСʵ̫Сˣû˻Ҳ˶೤ʱ䡣
Ǹո˸׵Եʣүһ֮ģ뽫ֻߣ͵ȥ϶ġ
үжɣȻˣϾͿʼжүùŵĻȷѾ͸ˣȻ߽СֱСһϵĲ
ǰβһүҵص·ӿٶȣԼ
ү뺰
үеݸʵ
ж೤ʱ䣿
үвһʱˣţүأռүǻ֣Ǹ˵ˣʱ䲻뿪үߵġôֻү롣
ӦϾ͵ˡ˵Զ˻ͷȴſ֮ϡү𾪣书˵οˣĺöҪԼ
ү졣˵
ţͻȥ̫ҽҽΡүȽȥү˵ԼûΪ˻λֵǿеġ
˼үһȥˣүҲĺջͻȥó㶫
ү˵ʱСһȥ
үҲû˵ˣֻ׼ιСǡ

266Ϲ

үֳ֡үߵɶǾϸѡģ䶼һ
үǰͷܡһͻȻָǰ治Զһźɫǰү˵
һ·үȻûпһĶһЩСӣǰһˣŵЩǶҳˡ
Ŷʱ򣬽Ͼͳơ
үңͷֱֱŲԶϹӡͷȫûʶΣ
ݡһүļֱܵؿڣܡ໡һʱҲǰǰܣΪˡԺܵٶȲ죬ү˸ںȺܾƣʱ
źôһģԽʱҲԶˡүǰڵĺܣңݡүһһ۾һвӡ
໡ʹ̼ĺܸӱ꣬Ϊ۾һԺܲƺҵĻ裬ľֱܵӻӶϡ
ˡų߹ĺܣүˡ
үֻϹӵһʱỹˣԵʱҪˡҪūŹȥ
һĨӵĶʾүԼȥͷܡ
ţүȥšȻͷүģôһҲӦС
үɣͷܵĹڣȥ˵ġסүЩθڱӰȫģүǰȥһСˣȴúõģصӪأϻնԴ
үСĵģү˵
ү
˵ʲôȴү֮±˿ڣ֪үһ˵һģȻԼȥôҲסģֻ÷֡
үϵĳŲɵ߽ܣҲʱ˵׼
໡ꡱܱĽүǰһ˴ȰĴһƾͻӶˡүˣĴ
ءŭţҵĻƣʹүһʱ޴֡
ү˺Զ㣬ȻƵܺ棬ˣҲѸٱ任Σүͺ̰ܳΧ״Χס
ү׼ʱӺˣż棬Ӹ߸ԽֱſںܺϣһֱֻסܵļһֻպóںܵĲʹһܲѪ˲Ϊүڱ˲ûнѪҺ

267

ȺܻأүʱĴӺܱǰүţ
޷ͷϹӣߡүɾеĳŻؽʡ
ǰ鿴Ƿˣֱһſʼܡ
ֻгһߣҪвͨү˻ȥһ峵峵ǱõģǷֹӴԵ̫̫ﲻã볡ͣŲٰ峵
λܰϰ峵үתͷӪطȥ
ΪһүģԴ˴ӺүûвμӣϱĿ
ҲˣϢһᣬ˵ⳡϾҪˣŴ˹˭õһ
ʼ˳ˣȶһЩǣȻˣȴࡣбԵĸҲû˸ô
˼һлأԵıȻӻҪ࣬ǲǺݺݵĴ϶˼һϵĶѵȲһˡΪԼĺͼ壬бҲҪš
ųľ𪣬ĳɼһͷ¹Ӻ겻١
ֳһˣҲǻˣֻ಻ʶѡԵıҪ࣬ϲ֮СһֻӺ
񣬴Ƕw磬Ǻ˶ĵӡ֪Իкܶ˲ʶԾְܡ
ô֪ġ
ྪȣ֪ʲôʱʶЩˡ
ūʱ񹫹˺ܶ࣬ʶ˾ͱȸ㡣
ʵүҪ̸ģľΧүĻ࣬ľΧĹҲ٣ǵ鷳ԼڣŽǰūţΪ˼ʱԼҪԵʲôˣ
ŶԭͷҲáʡԼСǵǲˣԼ֪Ǹү鷳
үôûг˵಻Ǽٵģ˻ɱүǲűӺү˼λѡʱµļʿǺܴġ
Եúһͷ
໹˵ţǱߴپѾүĳɼˡ
Ұ¾޵ӺүĵĹЦ
λҲ޲ڣοʵĳޣӿүʱûԹˣһʱ٣ǺܵĹľˣƽʱһŮ˼Ҳᱻˡ

268

˵ĳûү̫ү»ϵĿ
үǰһܵ£Ž
Եһͷܣ˰֮һףػʰ񳼷̩񰲡
ʱΪúһġ֤ʼ棬͢ɽ䣺ơ¹סǡշ塢ꡢ̥ʨ顢ԡ
үһԵɽ֮е䣬ƺ¹ס
ˣȥϢɣӺүγ֪үһЩάǶڵЩά֮Ǽʱʱ
үͷº󣬾ֱ¡
үţ಻ĵʵ
಻صģүû¡⼸ү̫æˣȥɺã
үɲϣ
ȻԸ⣬ģôȤôԴء
ĶֿͨʼˣξֻʣһˣȻǶү𪱾ˡ
ʮֻ˻ͨټͨҲûпˣǾͱʾүֻԵʮֻӡ
ôأֵͬܣ˼үԵĿǺܣүֻʮֻӣе󰡡
ү߹ĴֱүջĿ⡣Ӻү¡
ûʰʧˣʱһֻͻԻ׸ʰģ˭ֻ֪ĺܣˣץˡҲŪɽ¡
үһ˶ˣӺүҲˣϾԼĶӣԸŶү˵ģҲԸԼĶû¡
Щ֮үǲŵġ׶˵ͻ˾Ųʮˣ˲ٶү
ȻˣȻȥϢɣԺеʱ䣬Ծ͵λնȥϢɡ
ҪһԾǽ죬ӺүŮؾ档
ȸˡдߺӺүźʢ뿪صΪ
߰ɣүж͸㡣үһֱŴֻСպúһţȻ΢Ϣһȥ档
һүǰźˡ
Ǻڴү͵أľΧ鱦ǲеģ޳иܡľΧеľǷޡôү͵ȵС
Ƕһȵﶼûеֿġ

269

ߵүľΧΣϵıӺүģ漸ӺүģںǻԼġںҾ죬ˣںǴǡ
үڵмλãĿռܵ͵Ϊӵĸһ˿û
үֱҵĴˣҲࡣǺĽүء
ɵ࣬ϲͳˣһ쵽Ҳû˵
үڿеġǸҪڻδĻλ̳ˡ
үʲôĶ͹๾ˣҲû㡣ֱȥүˣŻûԼĶ̲סˡ
ľΧţˣԿ⣡үνģԳʳҪ󣬿ǳңͰʳ
ءͻȻԱߴ뵽ү˵Сˡ
˳ȥȻڲԶһСֻɰĻëڰߵġ
үǱӣүͷ
̿ˮΪȵСС֮ġүȻҪԭϵİ
ү˵ҵ
үͷ
үǻ˿ǺײеġСȻɰΪԼԺС㰡ԼԺ󽫻ˣһһҲпܡ
ǲԸ𣿡
ҲҪǳģʵ⡣ʵ޷Ǿǻ¡
ŶͦΣյġүһᣬ˵ͦеġүҲڴģǵĸ׵ʱѾˣү㲻ͦԺôСһϲڲϲүͽͻȥ
ֻүǰ仰ֻСûĸףôôСûĸףǻصǾֻ·һǶģǱʳ⶯ﲶΪʳ
ǲУǻص־ֻ·һԥһ¶ӡΪĸ֪һĸԸɾԼĺƽƽ
౧еһֻϸΪСèءС໳
ңɣϣ󻹼ǵˡҪҡ
ͣİɡү㰲ѱʦġڿԷɡү֣ʾԳԷˡҲŵƮŵζ

270

ζϤˣִҹϳеζ
ǿⰡཫСŻСζߵԡϷһ̣һĿȡȻֻȲ뿪棬汻ͻը졣
һɹζֱıǼ⣬տ¿̲סˡ
ˣ⡱үԸ˵⣬үˣǿʡʡ
ʱ˴߽һСذףֱذ׳ֵҲרƬĵߣƬС
쿾ȵĴ˶Ӻүȥɹѧģ궼ֻеɹŲܳԷӺүһȥɹרѧϰţ⿾Ⱦ֮һ
䣬ȱмһΪ©Ĺͷ֪ѵжôʱѵд̣ô˵ĸʿǺܸߵģЩ˶ֻǳӡ
ȴֻ֪һ飬ȻٲõĽˣȷʵҲˣǸþԼǻԺ£ûԤδȻ֪ˡ
ĿǰעˣǰĿϡпðζҲŨˡ
ȫƬ֣׼͵ԡǸֻûƬͱүһס
ֲű˻ģˣȥϴϴ֡үѣ뵽Լ˺һСء漴վ굽
ˮҪϴ֡
ʱү˶˸ɾˮպÿˡ
ϴֵ࣬Ȳǰү˳ֵݸһ˫ӣ౾ģүǰŮãǾͽӹүĿӡһӼФѾõǿϡ
үʧЦźŵģ¾ֻһˣүȴ֮¡
ǰʳүûжӣҶ࣬һСڡ˳˵ȾƳ⣬ҪԿȻҪơǹŴִһġ
һ¶ǣүִ꣬һӻûȥԱߵµ
ˮˮСϷǲģԿҲǾش⣬ڼϸֵ̣ûζ

271үĴ

ǹŴĻ⿼ɣǳԵĻԭ֭ԭζԿŴĿжġ
ζʱʱĴ̼ʵܲˣҪˮڡ껹൹ˮ࿴үǰһˮһѾͽүǰľƱ˹ͷ¡
಻Уǡơүֹһз̫ˡ
ζģȴģûкȹ׾Ƶ˵ְ׾еζֱԣͷһᣬứ
ˮүæᣬ۵ĲСະźĵʱѾȥˮˣֱøү
үˮź걭ˮźõ㡣
أүһ⣬ˡһ뵽׾ƶеζ;ͷƤ顣ȹѺȵĶˡ
үүãںõ𣿡
ܣүֻ˳Ļ˵ǰүǽӴģǻӡ
ͣûˡͻȻ뵽ǰѶĹأһΪʲôִǶǴϴĶѡǵȴȫҪ
±ˣȴүýƱүҲƢϴһִö˶Ůӵλ£ȨһеĹŴڻʼҰϣôܲදء
ȷûˣүּһƬǰ
Ҳԡҡҡͷܾʵڽܲζүɻֻ֮ٴοڡ
̫ˡ
үԣԼһŽζүܽܵģճԵҲģ
û°ͦõġүû⡣
үǸζر𣿡໹ر
е㣬޷ȥġ
ǿɲһһӣڳԵģȻ̻ǻġ
鷳񹫹ȥ׼㶫ҪԼ⡣
˵ҪǲѯүҲ֪ǾִС
˵һ󴮵ĶڱȽõģ濾ӣоǻ¯Σۣ֮ĵϺһЩ߲ˡ
ٶҲ죬һͽҪĶ׼ȫָӣһ׵ˡ

272տ

ཫкõƬڹ̵ϣ̵ͦʵģһͶˣҲˢֻͣǽһЩ棬ϧŴûơƣҪڼӵơζŻá
ζԽԽ㣬ȸղŶҪ㣬ǰһԼҲܶˣǵһο˵ζȷʵ㡣
ཫõƬŽүǰСȻ·һƬ
үڴ£үƬŽеζûˣеֻ㡣ںȿھƣǾ͸ˣţүҲˣƱһ¡
ǿүɫ֪ԼļճɹˡȲļԼƬŽŲȻۣơǾˣѾ֪ˡ
үˣһƬһƬһֻȾͱ˳˲٣ү˰ƣֻкˮķˡ໹ү߲ˣӣЩ߲ˡϧŴûн빽رϲġ
ñŸүҲܳţҲǰԼݣүӲһûµӡ
аȣ񹫹ȥҲ˰ɣڲźˡóԣǲ˷ѣ⻹һأƽʱҪûʹͣЩҪȫġ
лʹ͡
лʹ͡
˿Ǳζĥ˺һˣջϧЩζҪˣһ仰Ҳǳʡ
㷹֮ཥе˯⣬ҲǸոǱҾƣʹе⡣˯
үȻƳˣһȥ룬˯Ҳá
ˣү
ţ෢ɬ۾
Ǿ˯ɣү㡣ү˵ţһ࣬Թ౧𣬷ԼĴϡ
һıӣԾĹү༸أһ˶˯ˣЦҡҡͷת뿪Ĵߣȴû뿪
һֱģˣȻ֪ͨģȥˣҲã࣬Ȼ˯ˡ
үһ߶ŪĻһ֮¡Զ׼֮º׶Ѳ˸ϵǰҲԼԺǸλãһƴЩֵǣûλأֵݲ

273帴

үˡվûΪүûڸǰʲô¡ЩǴĵ׵˳үġ
֪ˣүһ͹ȥ洫үѾϰүֲˣȥ
үүͷһںȾĲˮһۣ뿪
źҸ񡣡үҿӣ߳ͣſڣԶ˵
һֱվȻ֪ү⻰Ƕ˵ġ
ǡ
ĻӦүŴȥ
ү
ү񣬾ͼڴϣŵ˱һѪȾĺ磬еļжٸ˶ټصǴӼ򵽸һˣǴ¡
ŰɣүһԵϡŶ̫ҽ˵
̫ҽΣ
˿ڶûҪֻؿ˿ڣԺ²Сİ̺ۣһʱˡ
̫ҽƼĶˣ˽˵װףûпҲûڡ
ڰ̺ʲôĶ⣬ÿһ̺۶˵൱һҫЩ̺۶ҫĴ
̫ҽȥףҪ̫ҽ²˵
үүҲ֪ǺΪġ֪үΪ£ҪԼ֪ȫ߸ү
ǣүû뵽ǣǰȻ֣ıү֪˵µһҲѷֵģôᱻ˵
Լ죬үǺĵģȴ˵أүɶѡ
үūз֡еɣҲֻǲ²⣬ȷǲǡ
˵Լ࣬үҪá
ūžöүȺ̺Ͱ̵̶̺һЩ帴ĺˣǴŷ帴Ĵͽڿүǻᶼ١һЩЩ˶书ǿ
γԣүţ϶ҪԼȥҲúЩ֮ͽЩûôİ϶
ūںǴ֮ʱСĽһ˵ñˡȴͷ෢δ귢
峯Ϊ˹̶ȫͳΣʱ䲼ˡ귢׷ߣȫ¶ͷڳֲû귢ӣⲻʲôô

274ٵ

ɿˣүٴȷϡ
ūͷ֤ūžʵүȻڴϣȴ˫ֱȭ
үǲ룬ֻǲ϶ʲô
֪֪ү֪£үɲɵɵֱȥӺү˵̫˼ˣʳĻӺͷ帴һ˵ȥҲûţŪûֳҵĴ
ū֪֪үô죡үҲһˡԼӻ˽ġ
Ȳż϶ԾĹܻᱻ˽¶ģȴǡүɲȾ¡㲻úûɧ
ǡ
ˣʱϢɣү
˵үҪ뿪໹ϢˣҲ֪û
үү
߰ɣȥɣˣүƹ񣬳ǰ۵Ƕȥ
ỹδ
үȣôûⶼʱʲô˰ɡүֻҪһ뵽ˣĸ˺ݺ˺һ㡣˽Ųɵļӿ졣
࣬ࡱүҿ߽Ȼ໹ڴϡүоԾ첽ǰ鿴ಢ˯ӡ
ⶼ˯ôʱˣôû֪ͨүүתͷ꣬Į
ڵϣūѾ̫ҽ̫ҽ˵ˡ
ƽʱҲһʱûгʱǽʱ໹ûʱͿʼˣһ̫ҽ
̫ҽ֮ǰҲ鿴ģڼ඼ûҪѵ˼̫ҽ˵
ˡ
̫ҽ˵үıе΢»һ͵ˣⷴ仡е㳤Ⱦ֮󻹳ôʱĿ⣬ˡ
ūŲƭүͷ׵ĸˣҪǰүƶŵ˵ˣڻܽԭԭ˵Ҫ鹦ϡ
쿴үԼҸ꺮ůҪүʵҲƢġ
ȻˡүɫƽȥԸʵֲˡȥҸĶù
ү˼ԶҪ˯ˡ
ǣū׼ȥүӻʾ¡

275ȥӦĸо

ʱѾˡ
أ꣬ôúڰʵ۾һʱûŪڵ
ˣܲ𣿡ϣһͳɤҲ಻أҪȻҪղɡ
ԭ˰ֲءɬ۾ͻȻ뵽ʲô۾Ҳˣһ˫۾ү
ˣ
šүͷ
Ǿ˵˯һ硱
šүͷ
Ҳ˵ǽ첻ˡص㣬ľΧѧǰˡ
ûүͷ
үô򶨣Ҵôҡ˵еСǺִŵġ
ôһ˵ү޹ӣܹ
үɲֹһνһֱ˯һֱ˯ġ
ү˵仰ѹţԼ˯Ҳܴ˯ϰɻ´ү
˵´үԼû·һйɳ嶯
ɲҪôүҪȻһỹڴϴһᡣү⻰˵첻ԡǰүĲˣأ뻰һһ䣬֪䴿ˣүøɫˡ
үú˵Ŭѹ´յĺΣɫ˵
ˣүҲڶүǲֹһأԼˣ
ܣǰ˵ԼǰȻûȹ׾ƣơƺȼƿҲģô˹Ŵİ׾ƾˡ
ǰôү˵һֲ˵ˣɻʵ
ʱ򻹲ܶү˵Լ࣬һĻǡԴ˲˸ɡ
ǰǰҲȹҲû
үܾﲻԡһʱָоﲻԡ
𣿡
ǵģǵġүﲻ𣿺ÿϧʱתƻ⣬ɲүڼȥ
ɣүпվͽ㡣ڿˡүһѽ౧ϣҲүĸ첲ǰ϶ϲķˣȴֻһꡣ
ɻү
԰ɣүҪȥʰţͲûȥˣүġ˵үʹȥˡ˲֣ԼϹȥӦĸо
˯һԭᲢоݲݳ˼ڣ˳ȥˡ

276˹

ڲԭϵӺܵǰһֱΪϴҶÿԣ;൱ִĶȼ١
ֱ죬֪Լ̫ˣÿĳʱӴǻҪȥӺүҴ£ĳɳȥɳȥ£佫˶
ɹŽʱʱĻҪ߽ǽ󳼹ȥɹү֮ôˣûмүæοӦ໹ûء
Ѿһΰ̾ˡԼǸССĴߡæµ
룬ǰҶҪ򿪿羰ֻ͹Ů̫ࡣ
ССˣϦվûɣûϸֻ棬Աʱ֮衣
ţҲ֪ôˣǲǻǺСһû
ජ棬ܵСһȥˡСӹƸˣҲҲ٣á
أءŵ״С޵ĽͷȥֻСΧŵ״ת
˹ҲĸҲҵıˡ
˹С֣СرϲСʨֻͣСûСʨӡ
˹ϵİߵͶ࣬Ҵ˹кɫİߵ㣬;ǻɫĶ䣬СһﻹǺܺñϵġ
أء˹ҲǻӦء
ɵӣǱӣǣؽСָͷָ͵ĵĶͷ;ȥˣΪźë̺һҲͻˤˡ
Ƶֽ͡˹ҲƵȻͿֻСӻСȣȥȴҲ
ˡ
ֶƣʱ߽ˣ˵档౾ģϾʷɲʲôŮ컹ٽӴĺá
ڲҲˣΪ෢Ӵڸкء
ɡڴߡ
񰲡

Ȼ˶Ǹ񣬰˵еƽκ˼ĸ񣬻Ӻү˷ŵĸ񣬾͹Ǹߵˡ

277ǲ

Ϧϲ衣Ϧ׼õĻǰ
⣬ֻл衣ҲΣȲҶֻȻȫ֪ÿƷǰԺ׼ҶõϺõĻ衣
ô⣬ľǻ裬ҲǶõĻ衣
϶豭ˮƯĻ꣬촽
˾ˣȲ趼˶ǣ硣
£ϸˣһϲֱֱá
ʲô°͸һƵĻţⲻ졣϶ûʲô˼ľΧô࣬ȴûм˵˵ģⲻ뵽סڣ졣
˵˰ǰٱģʱһĿ˵Сڿڶ檵ʱһӵĸ߰ŮӡʱһʻõĴҹ㡣
˭֪һ
֪ϵĶԸ񡣾ڵϣľԸƽ׽˵ӡ
˵Լģҵ֪ˡǻҲ
ȻģպҲ¿ڸʱ򣬴һƣһ档˵ƾ֮ǰ齫ûִ齫ֲϣľͷ̵ģȻͿɫС
ʲôţһľƣ󻹿źÿĻƣȻһ飬ϻЩʶ
࿴ƣεɤӡ
ۼ
ۼƵʱ໭˺ܶΣоԣʵ벻ôֱӿ˼ͷ档
ˣ԰ɡҲģཫؽһ飬Ѿ׵ĲˣֻҪ漸Ȧûˡ
Ǻã꣬ȱ齫ҪĸˣģȻ֪ôȱ
˴˼Ȧֿ֮ʼû˼ˣֲִ˴齫ϲӮǮûһע治档ȴԽԽ档
ôˣҿ㲻˰ϴһŰͲ
齫ӮǮź棬һ㶼档ٵƴơ
ðǾӮǮˡνܳ裬ԼСвٵǮ
ľǮˣүʱʱͲӽӹ档

278ӲҵĽ

ǸūǾͲˣɡܳĸ˵ǮʲôūţûǮ棬ԼҸǸ֡
ǲУǲ˲໹û˵أȻش
ҪǸ档ͻȻ뵽ϣҲô
һᵽϣɵΪޣҪǽϹˣűô
ðҲǼϣҲʶǻһλأϽҲ
෢ˣԼҲֻʶˣҪֱȥȱһҲ֪ǲܵġ
ҪɡͼԣƼҪõĶ࣬ʵû˵¾ֻˡ
ūŻǡʵڲӮǮģһŮһûһĶࡣ༷üŪ֮£ӲͷƤˡ
񣬽ˡϦǸȥҽϵģǲģһֱ಻̣ˣү涼ûأ˵ܼүֻмүԼܼƻһ
񰲡
Ͻ󣬲תƽ
˵ЩС⣬͹ġһ۾ͿǰľƣϦ˵齫
ϻҲ˵ֱӸϽ齫淨ү㿪ʼˡ
һֱûõƴ˳ȥ
Ƶֱߵơ
ཫȫƵνſʼѡʮȦϾͲôˡ
ͲƳơ
൭Ƶơ
νҲˣôʱ䣬ûûܣҲһ֣͸˵ˣȫӮࡣûкƣôԵԣֲɵӣôء
еǲ˾ûڴǾûлῴүڼȥȥԼƻĺܲҡͼүһ棬Ǯʲô
˿ȥƣٿƣӦûҪơ
Ǻǣܡ¸ˣԼڿˡ
Ͻ񣬿ԲˣҾ˵ôһֱȲأԭأ
ô֪ϵ뷨ȻҪүǾǮ׼

279

ͷҪðˣһ˵Ķ죬ͣĶϴδҲԼܸͺˡ
Ϊ˼үҲֻҧҧơ
ϲģôÿжǮ䡣
һȦһȦҲһֱ䣬ȤǮʲôĲ⡣ֱƻ裬ǰԽԽʱϦ
ү
үͷҿӾͽˣϦ˵ϺҲأû˵ءүѾȥˡ
ү
顱
үүŷ˵ǲ١
ɡү⣬үôһ
ҲˣͲ;ˡˡɫɫ˼үȻģװɵӲûɫֲ̾£߰ɡ
ڸʲôأүԺһֱûƹϡʹڲ뿴ϡ
ǡ
;ơɶǾ̵ء˹֪֮ɽûЩү䵭̫ʱ䣬Ǹᣬܷ
үüͷôŮԽԽˡ
Ĺѧȥˣү˵ķ𣿻񣬺úѧѧء
ү檡
ȥүŵĽһĲ鲻Ը
ͣү滵Ϊ˼үһ棬ǽԼļҵһأЦԼǰԸ꽫Ϻͽǰֱ͹ȥľԼš
Ǿ˺þãоԼһ֮ơ
Сԣүֵӣүûʲô飬˵Ļζ
ܰүǧ𲻻ġģүԽԽǸϹˡ
ƶ죬үǸһϢ㰢꽫׻ؾְԺٻؽաĸ׵ܵǶ
ǽүյţһǸӺүģҪдþǽʲôʱؾְʱķչһǸүģݺ͸ӺүĲ࣬һЩʺԼЯȫһؾꡣ
ҪˣүģܼԼˣǸ˵ġ
ү¿㣡үЦĿ༤ǰȥ
Ҳ౻үʹڵҹԭ༤˯žֵүҲû취˯үֻʹ˼˵ֶΡ

280ߵĵһ

ĵʮ죬æµүҲ˿ʱ䡣
࣬˫ȼн˫ѹҪ㣬Ƥޡүһһָơ
ŵſϣү˵ʲôʵûעһֱµϣֻϣԹԵĲҪ񲡣
࣬㿪ʼԡŬ룬үղ˵˫ȼ
˫ʹƤ޳βʹүȻһʱûסĿŵҲʲôʲôƤˣ˫ֽӡ
ľǴˡ
࣬ץˡү㡣үĶᵽɤˣҪ׷ȥôܱȵܾȡ
꣬ꡱүڣĿ˷үһ˻үĺѪīīǾϸѵģүҪʱ򣬴īͻԼܵߡ
ү˫ͼĬī֪үһԶӰ׷ȥ
ະɤӶˣǾû˿ƥ񱼵ǰùɽǺܴ̼Ŀˣƥ˵С׼סɽбϰȫˡ
࣬£ү棬ү˵ͣүīϣīԱߡ
ǻ뵽ʲôµֶɿ
ңҲɿ౾ͲһǶ϶
үȫϣǰļתүûпȴ˳ܣԿ֪ڹʱ򣬱ݺݵ˦˳ȥ

ࡱүסֻñһ𷭹Ҳ൲ס˲ٵ֦ʯͷ
˳ɽ¹ȥȻȻүĻڻȴû취ͣʱĽɲɵײһ͹ʯͷϡ
࣬ôˡүԼȻҲ֦ʯͷƣеĵطҲѪǵһӦǻࡣ
ۣۡʹ࣬Ūү޴룬֪ˣ˫Ҳȥࡣ

281

ۣ࣬
ۣۡʹŤˣǰоĺʹʱͻȻӱ˵ҲˣʱˣӵʹѾˡ
үĽŸǰ廨ЬӣȣŷһƬԱ߻вˡ
үȻˣصĶȥˣүصġ
࣬һ£үүҿѾԷΧˣһʱûʿѲߵġүֲҶүԥĴӻﵯһźŵźŵըˡ
үԼһʹõġЩͬʬһ㣬ֻү
ȻۡүһҲȻһֱ֪үȻԼİʱүȻ±¶
үģܵġ˽ǿǻᱻΪġûΪɵġǱ˴ȥүűȷĴѡ᲻ҲΪ˶ûˡ
үû£ǽˣ㲻ԴǡȻ۵ͷ麹Ǳү;Լⲻʲô
үҲȷʵ⻰ůˣһֱ֪Ǵģ֪ԼİȴţԼʵôܲжء
࣬ģүзִ硣֪ڽϣܿ˴౧һŴ¡
ͻȻ˷ŵֱү꣬ﲻ᲻ޣɲΪʳûŹ󣬻ûүǻƵء
಻ú£үˡүοŻ࣬ŶԶ󺰡
ү˲ûˣָүǰȴʮˡ
𣿡ү֧һʮˣĶӣÿӾˣĶӷֱƣÿ˵ֶ֣һţֻүһˣΨһһҽġ
ūڣһӲ˺һȫǺڣֻ档
Ľˣ
ǡ
ǰһһץ˵Ľô͵һ£ʹ
һ㣬û𣿡үĿ壬ʱãүһߵԶԶġ

282ù

弴ʹԾǾ¡ԾǣԼүɴûΪÿʧ̬µŭүˡ
ū֪ϥءүɫõ㣬ʾ岻çײСĲ鿴Ľ
үˣͻĹͷ̽ˣҪ̶а壬ʮͲµˣҪ׺ãҪҡҲʶģЩǶĴͶˣҪ鹦ү
˳˵˽һҲ˵ģǸݾܽġаӵʱ۵亹ֱðȴӲһԣүǿ۲ѣֱһֵˡ
û£үԴλãలȵڻ
֪үǺܳ谮ģȻΪ˲þܿ࣬˾Ȼ룬Ķȴûͣ
үūѾ澰ͷˣһʱͺˡūҲ򵥰һ¡һоվվүԱߡүкܶ໮ۣ
үû£ȥҳȥ·үǴɽϹףȥˣүȥѰ·Ҫ죬ҪˣںɶҰ޳ûʱ򣬵ʱ鷳ˡ
ǡشȻɢ
ۿɫԽԽڣүԭأȴԽĻţү뿪ûģҰҲܰȫ뿪Ǵ޸֮еˡ
һүүŵĽ౧ĸˡ
үūҵ·ˡͻȻӲݴ֮һӰȫ¶ǺɫүϤӰŷӵĶӳһ
źŵǶү౧һ
ݡһźţһ˶ˡ
ߣһүֱ
һǰߣںү࣬ںˡ
ү߷ǰ棬ΪҽȺ书ߣʲôˣԱࡣ
أءԶһһĺǰ治ֹһпһȺүǱߵģӦȺˡ
أүǡǱѵģϿǺģ̵ġǽ
ţȺˣ£үڡܵ˵Ľүο

283ȫͨ

ݺݵ죬߳յѰ
ȺԽԽүҲȺȫһȺΧֻͷǣһֻͷԵĸ¡
ذףʱ׼ӦսȺҲ˲֮ͣĿⶼתүˡÿͷǶѹ壬ҲףȺơ
أءͳǺ͸ղŵĺнȻͬոմϲãᾹȻǾ棬в
ֱ࿴м󸹱ĸ֮ʱˡ
үȱ֣ӦĸͷҪˣȺڸղŷ˷ܵĺУῴǣȻоΣգҪ֪ǲδ⣬һʱҲṥǡ
ү˵ſȺмͷǣҲȷʵ˵ĸѾڵˣһһģҪˡ
үһǶ˻Ⱥ˼ʱֹƵȺŻָԭ˻ͷߡ
ƹȺȻֱӴȺĻȥڣүҪȫ
ֻԶһ·ҲûʲôޣֻһʱڿԿĵƹʱүһ뿪ˣһֱǻȥǿ϶ǻᱩ¶ģүȻ£ǻе鷳
ϣҵүڻˣūŶҪȥлˡ֧һǣͳǴұһطҲûүҪҪȥϵʱ򣬾Ϳү߻ˡ
롱үһȥͣˡֿ֮ͣүıࡣС
үҪūž񡣡
ȥ̫ҽүݵһۣôǰûзôء
Ⱨһ·ˣҲ۰οүҲˡֹһҪԼߣүԸ⣬һˣҪԼ඼үľܾˡԼŮôԱ˱أֲˡ
үҪһɡƼүͷϹĺˣô䣬ү֪үǶءҲү
ԹԱүĲӣүûġүɲŽʹ˻ȥ
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үȻҲ֪ԲһƵĺȾơңүϲЩŮµҲ֮ҪϻʼģҪ񸮵ġ
½Ǳǽ̵˲ٹأȻֻ֪ܼܵүүֻȾƣȫôʱѾԼ޶ˡ
ү˵ʱѵźү¡˵űߵүԱߣһַүؿڵĿϣȴүһƴ򿪡ûзүһֱӿǡ

ȻҲɵ治ʲôôǵĲҽ
˱죬Ҳ뵽ʲôүӼпܣϽү͵ԲЩֽֻ½֮¼״϶ȥ
Ҫôүأѵֱ˵ү͵ɶɶɶүȥˡ˲ԼѰӵķ»Ҫġ
ү͵Ϣһ绹Ҫүԡ
֮Уү֪Լ滹йǣȥػأһֱҲǰ취
Ҳû洫Ҳ֪үûȥ
үãȻվڴߣ˫ſ˼ԣҲ׵ģǰүѵ¡

291࣬үҲʹ

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үµʹţֻһ
ˮվ˲ԭүˮˣ֤Ѿˡ
ϽȥˮŵǣҲŽ񡣽ȥԺүѾϣҲһֱۣ뿪ȥ
ɵˣүˮôˣѵûɶ˲Щֱӿ첽ү
£űڴߣһʱһȾѪİӡǶ˵˼乧ϲĻʹ뿪
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û£ȥҷˮҪպģүǺۣȴôˣеܡ
ڼŶˮԼ֮ηүڡ
ţүأ
ūǳȥˣӦҪȥ졣ҪϢɡźϴԼſڴߡ
Ӧ缪˵һˣүȷʵһֱæ㲻ɻ󣬰Ȼ˯
үһڶ֮䣬ĺܡԼԼȥôҪϢֻȥϻˡ
֮¾Ѿǵ಻ˣôȥõģοҲԸȥôֻȥ
үҪȥӣӽ˺þҲ֪ûүĻ׳棬үʱ֪үһȥӣǵ˵طԥ֪үҪһɣⲻūŵľ͵øүһȥĺɡ
ţȥ㡣ү˳ֵɣŴ
үȥ֮󣬻ˣ̧ȥһѾڴˡ
ʵû˯ţֻǲ붯˵ѣϴˡ
ͻȻϸ˴ӱס˲壬ֱү
ү
ү˵
ү͵ĺӣүôˡ
үүŤ࣬ǲԸתү
ĸңֻүһ񣬲ܰүүȢܰԼŮǶԵġ
ͷԼҲ֪仰ڲ˵ǿƲסԼ졣
࣬үģүĺãﲻ𣿡ү˵Ļ˵ˣȲѣԼҲ֪ȴ
үֱ´뿪ۿˮ˲ʪͷĺԼ֪үϲԼģȴǳˡ
أءñסԼԴڱС
ү뿪ʱ򣬶˽˵Ҳ֪ô죬˵һ˾
ˣƵĴʱ©ͷһȵ
̧ͷȥˣһֱߡǿﲻɵ¶һ˿ʧֽӹӡ
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үһֱţδȥӹӣŶ˵
Ļɵ¶ȡΪүˣˡ
ҴµأЬҲܳһ۾ͿǰŵӰǰү˫ֻסүүı
Եĸоүһ˲Ľ
үԲҡҲ֪ô˵Ļ֪үҺãһֱšүҪҵ˺òã
˵ү·ܸܵ󱳵ʪȡ
үתرסࡣ
ɵ֪࣬ͺãԺô˵үˣүҲʹүСַԼؿڣ۾һգգĿһ˫ˮĴ۾ոտ޹ԭ򣬴۾е㸡ס
ԲүĶԲ𡣡үĶոˮֲܿƵ˳ԭΪԼĻүҲʹ
ˣˣ˫Ư۾ˡͲÿˡү֪ǰģԲ˵
үİοɵЦˣһ
ʱүŷྐྵȻŽųģһѱ࣬Լϡ
ǲǲҪ˫ˣ˲źһ㣬͸ô첻Ьࡣүһ˫ưסСţĵ¶ȴСϡ
үŭֻɵɵЦүҪЦҲûƢûսСͼů˫Ľš

292˵:Ӳλ

үȥүת׼ȥ
תʱȴһӰ˸ڵΪԶүҲû˭ֻϸǰūš
˽ůү㽫ڱԼȥŤëΪ֡
࿴үһСίʹ죬ͨͨˡүʲôġ
Թԣţүȥϴϴүɶ֮󣬿ɻûϴأҪ˯үܾñŤȻ֪үΪʲôҪȥϴϴ˵ĹϵŻͣ಻Ūˡ
ԹԵڴڲүԱߴүϴĻˮӾͺܺãԼ˲ҲԼһԿɰĺӣԺ󻹻ӡ
˯𣿡үһɾվڴߣ۾࣬СʵѾ˯ˣȴԼѣԲСʡ
үһû˯ءֻǱ۾һЩ顣үȻ۾
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ڶһ磬Ǳү·Ķѵġ
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ŴŴүүŤͷͼһ˯ʵӡ
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ͻȻ뵽ľΧͺñ˶ᣬпĻʽĻʽм䶼ЩС¡ҲǱĻʽˡ
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һ׼ˣ߳ɵǣͬ߳ĽϣȻҲҪȥ밲ġ
񰲡

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Ҫȥȥ𣿡Ͻ촩ɫװһܿ˺ɫǽϽϴȴǻףվǰӲһͷ
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̾ϢһҪˣֲýϽôԭǵſϷءĽ뵽ˣҪүԼôҪóΪȫŮ˵ĵˣľ
үæǰ֮»ҪԼںԺίҪԼλݡүֻү໹벻ʲôԼλݣô׵ġ
үǻϣôλҲܼ򵥣ӣĸҶԴشҲǿԵģźүˣҲǿԵġЩԶء
˼ת֮䣬Ѿүǰ
λҼѾˡĶ鿴ˣȥ
л˵л󣬸żŽϤĲϤˣԼס˲ӣֻȴһŮס

293˵:ȻǴ

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үˣͨͨڵϡүֱӺˣֱߵǰ
ɵ㣬Ͳ֪˺úôԼүĽ󣬷ֲûأŶһͨ֡

294˵:칦

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࣬վڻʰ־үġͷ

295˵:

Ҳǵһ˵Ǽٵġ
ү˵߳ΧȦǻӸӺүõĴѡɲ
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ģĿĺһ˵ﳤȥ
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ѻϣȴ̿ǰ䵶Ȼϣ౻䵶мιǣȴûʧ㣬û뵽ߣ̿һǶ׼˻ϵؿڣȴֻļιǶѣౣסһ
ųı鲼ʬ壬ȴûк¡ֻˣԭΪϲҲԱݶ
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үԺ»˰̣Ϊ˿ʵ̫ˣƽȥ̸޷ȫȥ̫ҽҲ֪ŮӰοүĳءͽү
үֻ뱣סС˰ʲôԺ˵

296˵:ү㲻˧

ΪδѣӺүйˣ̻ؾϾһģӺүǸмġ
ڵʱֲѵģи֪һӦһҪҵǸˣȻݺݵظһͱ۲ۡ
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ûã˶󲻳үǻʲôáүŭʣˣˣôҲеϢˡ
ū֪
ɣЩɻʲôүµĲЩܽľΧ϶˷ŽģʲôȨô׽ģ׶磬ү벻ʲôˡ
үµĲ˽һʮˣȫĨɱһĨӵĶҪ׽ģǸձ׽ЩԸַʽɱЩ˿ʿʧܾͻɱԷ͸¶ӵϸҲڻ׽ȫɱۡ
ʿүü
ȫǡش
ү¸ȷˡ¿϶ͶүѲ˸ϵˣôʿӵܣ벻˭

297ү˵:ʮ

ߣ·үȥȻүô·ȴǰ棬ηүҲӿͼϿҲϤ
һ·Ϊԭˮر䣬Եη֮пտҲԽүһƤ޳ϵžžƤ޵оǴ̿ǵĽк
Щ幷һʹ졣
Ӷ˵ˣָʹ幷бɱҡ
洩һ˿үĶ
үճͱүֹˡ
ˣһʹ죬УҲʱǺģǲ֪ܲܳܵסĿ̡үĮӺڰηͷ̿ǲҲ֪ԳƱǺҲ
㻹ϴαˣֱ㿪ˡ̿еһ˵ǵϴ
ү˵֪һ֮ǰ˾Ǹɵġ
үӰ߳վǰ
һᣬ߱Ƿǽ˭ǴɱϺͱһʹ졣
үĿֱֱĶŴ̿ϴĺݾЩ̿Ҳ¡
ɱ幷Ҫָʹǰ¾ϣ֮˵ö֮
̿ϴһĭүЦ
ãйҪǵĹڱĿûáүɨһȦÿ϶ǱˣҲ˲̷ˡүһһˣǴһɧζʧˣү룬ӣһӦø˿졣
ˣǵ°ȫжүɲϣҧԾ
ĸһͬǰж˵°͡Ȼȴүһָ
Ҳʮ̰ɣǱмûôɡһ̵ү·ʹߡаȡǰ
Ȼйô١үֱŴ̿ϴŭ񡣶λ̿ϴҲʼ˵ۿ𽥷ŴǸеµĺ²Żеı顣ǿɶ֪ٵġ
ν٣賿ǳ˵ġǧСΪʮ̣ٿ̵һ̡ʵٱҪ3357Ҫһﷸ̳ɹ仰˵һһУҷҪڵ3357ȥﷸǰȥҲҪܴ
ү¾ҪūɰɣԱΪ͸ߴվɶ򣬶Ǻеġ
үͷʾͬ⡣λߴȥ̨һѳխĵֵרΪ׼ġ
ߵ̿ϴԣ䣬̿ϴüëƬƬСڴ̿ͱж°ͣȻ
ٴ̧֣ƬʱүѾү̧֣ʾ̣ͣŶ̿˵
Ը˵ү̿ϴǿʼԥȻ˵ǿԷ
̿ϴݺݶˡ
ȻԸ˵۾Ȼ̡үѾҪˡүֱӶŸߴ˵үҪǺ£ʵǴսﺦˣȻͻ˵
֣Ȼү˵Ѿûˣ㲻ͣүҲڣ˿ţʱŻԽ¡
ֱ̿ϴѪ߰ߣүŽĿתڶϡ
ǰƤ԰ɣүָŵĵڶ˿ʼŤ
ˣ̣үҪȫȽֺͽŰˡһѸ׼öʱ洫
үүˡ
Ӳ鿴ǲҪ˭ͬģ˶үֱӽˡڿĳ֮ʱһΪݽĶүе£ǻһѪӡ
ڶү֮ʱһҽдȥУүѭȥֻһڶ̿͵֣Բ֣ϵƤǻƤ
ĵܣʲôȻǴ̿ͣݣֱӴɣΪλҪĥүʵͬǣֻǾȥܲˡ
֪ܵʲô𣿡үʡ
ʲô
Щ̿ʹɱʰ꣬ɱңҲһˣƫƫǣˣȻ޹ˣôֻһүһ̱뷨ˣ֪޲ᣬҲ֪ԼôˣǿƲסԼһ˿а
ĵ㡭ү𾪣Ȼ֪ү˵˭û뵽ȻôںһŮӡҪ֪ΪҪʲôŮûУȴֻΪŮˡ

298ү˵:Ҫ

˵䣬һҽУڶ̿͵һֱֻΪˡ
ĵܣҲ̫ˡүˣͲħ
¾뿪ܻܵҪأͶү뿪
ү˵ʲôֱӱүǿͳȥˡ
ү뿪Ӱ˵ûԸ˵ô˵ǽ˻ġ
үʣµ֮Ѳӣ˽ŵȶֱǰȻ̣үĿǵĸˣĿǵˣǰѾ︺ѡϣĸܡ
ˣ̡үҪԶ֣ڵǰˮͽ̿ͷŽȥ˿Ŀͬ鱻ģˮﴫһζ
û˵һѡʬɣү˵ꡣʣµ˱㼤Ľү֪ĿĴﵽˣԤĻҪ졣
һַĩι˳£Žһ˵°ַ͡ĩʵһʹȫضֻ˵û¡°͵ǵˣȽ°ͺɱģȫοҧԾء
ҿ˵ֻһˬ졣˶϶˵꣬үȻĿĴﵽˣô
˵ηŵĶүԽԽţ
ߣȥһʰꡣүų¸ҴȥӺүס巵
巵Ӻүۣʢ
үү
Ӻү̧ͷ˼ʵ϶Ǵġ
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˵ģǶǴɱ㣬ôõĻᣬǿ϶ҪɱӺԾʹһɱ̿е½ĸɸɾôүߣôľΧдɱƻȫеĸɸɾ
ȱȷ֮󣬻Ǹʹ졣˽Ǵȥˣǳ£ǲϵԴҲҪˡүһȦһ˵˵֮Ŵ뿪
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үүʢҲƣƽʱҪôһһˡ
ˣýɣӺү̾Ѿˡ
ʰ밲үһǸӺү밲
ɣλˡӺүʵ࣬ΪһӺүʱʱ̶̿˶ء
лʰģѾˡүش
˱ãޣ޵ҪúллҪʲôʹͣӺүеǺ·Ķӡ
ϲңȻʰңʻʰҪʹ͡үô˵ȴô롣ǾһܲҪʹ͡
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лʰ͡ү½ּС˻˲Ѱɡ
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ǣѾ̿ȫһ㣬Ҳ˲ٶʰ뿴Щ֤ʡүӻͳһֽʢʢ˫ų̸Ӻү
˴ƥ̿ܽľΧǶģָʹǴɱ˵Ը˷λᣬۻʰҲɱүȻ֪֤涼ѾЩдװףǻǽҪһ˵Ӻү
϶ͿӺү֤ʣ鱯

299˵:лǸ

ʢּΪӣᣬ߱߱ɱֵܣʵﲻˡںչͣȥλ˸گɼ
Ӻү˵һʱ˺˲٣ǾֵеģԼĶھҲĴ֪λڻӵж󣬻ôݺֹҲн졣
ūּʢдõʥּӺү鿴Ӻүȴڰ֡ʾԼ뿴
ֱȥּɣ
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Ҳȥɣû£елڵӺүֻԼĴᡣ
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أءүûž洫ĺòҲ֪˭ġ
˹ǲԴ֪Ҫֵ֪ܺеŴŴүģ˲
ү顱ſڵһ۾Ϳүһүɫʥּʥּ껹ϤΪǶԺһʥּʱʥּ
үҲֻ̧̧֣˶ûֱͣӽӡ
ôˣ˯أŪүɲϲë׵ĶʱҲһʱƣôôˬ
үˣҶ˯˼ˣһ㶼Ȼ۵Ķˣ۾Կ
ϵССֻүĴߣҲȥȴֱӱүһƻӵϡ
˭̵ġ֪𣿣˴ȥүѵ֪ĻΪڽѵء
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үʹˡʵֻҪ͸оһо߸첲Ҫˡ
ǿɣүʹĺأү۵Ķͷཫϵķ˿ڶóһֻϵʥּ
ˣʰʹ͵ġ
үóǵʥּʱ򣬾Ͳµ˻ԼʹͣʹͿ϶һЩҪ֪үȥϡԼ͸øүԼҪʲôҪľλݣٴһѹˣ仰ʵʵᵽˡ
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үɣ෭۵ү֪Լĸ첲̧Լ
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ϴϻݣׯģۣԽżΪ֮޳ʮƥմˣּɣ
үɵɵģ̲סеرء
ȫүĵ٩˫ۿүʥּλݣûɣ
ϲӺϲӣ֮λ¹ˣͷһϲūǶ˳ƺֱӻˡ
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𶯡ү鿴˿ڣѪˡ˿ڲûг˺ѣŶŤ˵ˣ𼤶ֻѣԺ˲รأ
ү⻰˼ʾԺпร˷ܵɲô࣬Ȼ͸ֻһ֮ȴ֮үŮˣҪϻʼģͺִҪϷһڱһĵ
үҸ˰ǹʹȥŶүЦϹŵˣһʱŸˣˡǶ춫Ժ¶ͣһźūҲ͡
лʹ͡Ȼû˵ʹʲôʹͶܶ࣬Ҳ٣οˡ
һҪлǸҵĻ쵰ȻҲתͷү˵Ȼһ˼ҳ˵Ӧ仰

300˵:̫ү

ɵϣû㣬ҲнģֻʱѡүҲŹǸˡŴãôүͰװܿġ
ү԰׵СʹԴͷˣݺһԼ谮Ů˶ˡ
ȻүĲԾΪүΪǰ֮æû뵽Լϡ
үǲǻæûµģչңһԵġİɣ
ӣúҩˡʱĶһҩŨҩζֱԣ෴Եѡ
أţÿ࣬ҲҪȣû˵ֻ첲죬ҩζҩá
үεҡҡͷղŻĵ˵ԼܹԵˣҪ
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һֱү˫ţСĸβֻӲͷƤҩ޵ǣ꾹Ȼһһ׵ιǸζһֱ
үֱཫҩȸɾˣ뿪ȷʵһ£ǶүµЩ¡
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үԲסˣ˴ߡʢʥּ֮󣬱ֱӽѹȥȻûھǣȴ˶ԹһԺûūźġ˾Żͽ˸
´֮жˣԺҪүˡ
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Ӻү仰ӡ֤ү롣е㼤ȴֳܱ
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ĸ磬Ҹû˵үˣʵˡ
˵ĲҲšӺүֵܣеҲɢֵܹϵôòźء
ʰ꣬ʵڣû˵á
ģȻҶ㲻ôҲġôӽĻӺǴ̫ӣؾ֮پвʽӺүֻϣԺү˵һһ
ȹϲ̫ӣϲ̫ӡгԹ°ݼһүǾ̫˼ˡһ̫ͻȻˡûʱƾݾͳ̫ӣʱ㶵ʱ
𣬱ԺҪλ󳼡үŶӺү˵ʰ¡˵ӺүĿһͷ
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ʷ磬һʱԶ󿪡Žԭʷ״Ķˡ

301˵:ඡĿ

͢任֮´йȻеࡣ
˵ү̫ˣ౻Ϣ𾪵ˡɼǵãӺүû̫ӣްǰּүΪµۣӺ꣬үȴ̫ӡ
ǰйﶼˣȻؾ̫֮үͻв񡣡æñͷ˵ԼϢྭȻ´ߣȴ԰ڴϡ
̫ӲɲС£Ҫ׼̫ӷҪ޽̫ӸҪͨ¡ҲҪʱأ峯ֻпү̫ӡҲֻܶԱλ̫үʽˡ
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һҩ߽ʱҩʱ䡣ҩ룬ɫֱࡣһʱ
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ۣʲô裬ô࣡ôסȻɹĵ˼ҽֻĵĽ»ر
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ʵ̫αˣǶɵӣʲô֪౾㰵ǣûסŭ
ߣǺ㣬ȴ֮ԣҿǻ߰ɡͱ˵ӣԼ˵ĺãҪȻһһ˵Լйˡ

302ؾ

׼뿪֮ʱȴסˡĲ軹ûء
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̫үʹ͵ģ̫ү˵ˣÿٳһ㣬ҪꡣͽˣҼӲöһ㣬Ҫǲȣ̫ү֪˾Ͳˡ
Ʋ۸࣬ӿ࣬ΪŸǺȵġ
˱ᣬãһ裬ǽɫ͵ˣⱭǱ˵ģôȣ붼ġ
Ƕ˵Ŀһ㶼ţʲô᲻úȣʲôÿζҪ꣬ǲţҲȥүû˵ֻ
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ݺݵؿһۣ豭һĿζʹõеŤϿŵԼˮ꣬ǾͱʾҲȣⱭѾ˿ˮȥġ
ȰŸŭ޷Խϣûйˡ
ǣⱭ衭ϻû˵ꡣͽĲ豭ŽϵֱӹȥŭŮ˻ĥĥ˷
ȿȿȡϱǺֱԡ
ߡĲ豭ݺݵطϡתߡ
Ȼ֪˭һ£һţ಻ϲģȴϲˣסҵƵӴϴȷʵϲĶǣҲЩҪŮˡ
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Ϣɣߺ꽫౳ͷߣҲоеˣ廹Ǻġ
లй죬⼸ͽҲûɧ࣬үΪӺүҲûӺүȫ˦ƹүæҪÿ춼ǰʺ
ӣ̫үѪѡ⼸үͺöѪ˲ЩƷõʵҪֱͬرԼʽ򣬶ȴַǷ
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ӣ̫ү˵׼׼Ҫ̻ؾˡӺүľѾ뾩̫ʱˣѾ˺ܶ࣬Ҳڵг̡
ҪȥˣľΧɿӲˡſ棬ǰүæҪȲæˣ˽ˣŲźֱˣ̲סΪԼһᣬûùˣǸϽ뿪ľΧɡ
أҲ̫ùˡϦɵɵĸŻػ
ӿ϶λС˰ɣȥҲáǷ෢ÿκ˵Ҳû
ŹҲ֪ˡȻÿ죬඼үյٿżɶ˵Сһ໹ǵġ
ӲҪģǾҪȥˡ갲οࡣ
ʱһΣڽҪصǣΪԭ򣬴ʱǶһſźıӣһϵȺãĵûӰ˵࣬濴үѼС
һʱ͵ˣ񾩳ǵҲѾˡ̫ү˵Ȼظȥ̫үҪүعὫССһȥҴҴǣȷûд硣š
Ǳү˵ģͱһһ棬ΪСС浽һСңŮɫпصӣŵĲˮ
֪λڱģĶر磬ر䡣һִֻһֻΪˣܶỹڱء⻹ûأǹ붼ܲˡ
ڱϽڵĳֹ紵֪ġ
˾һûһţʱҲȥˡҲ
ӣؾˣ̫үūظϢ
õģ鷳񹫹ˣôͽأţҲֻص
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ţõģ߰ɡ໹ΪһȻظأԭŻظ˳棬һǰһ̫Ӹȥ

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үֻǴԼʱķΣ̫ӷҲֻǱȻϵĲһ㣬ϵǾ̫
һжûʹԷ֮ĻԺá
ӭүعһţһվδ뿪ǵĴ󳼣һվӺүλıһȻͲСˣȴϿһƣ˶ԵӺݻ
ʱĶҲֻʣӺүǴ˴ǰȥľΧ󳼣үΪ̫үȻſӺүࡣ
εľ֮Ҳ׽ˡٽүŴӻʹ󻹸ֵˣȻٲСһ
үȥٿȥӸɣź³ʱүߣСһǿӣ۵ĲˣҪ뿪ԼˣȻ᲻á
үȰ˵£ͬү³ߣǸɣȴˣԭ³ʵ̫ܿˣú͸ɣ෴ɣֻҪë׵Ķ˲ѣ޲֣³ʵ̫ˣ˿ޣ˿ޣ˿ޣë׵Ķǿ޵
¸ɣţүܴӦģ³ү˵ǸɣŲ˵ĽҲĵС
Ҫ˵һҲˣ˼ҶϲкӣһӶΧһŮתơ
үֻôӦԺÿʹСŴӦˡ
صϤԺӣоԼû߹һԺɸɾǻǸʲôʲô
ӭӻظС¹ӴŶԺһſϲӭࡣ
ɣڻˣλҶ͡࿴ϤףǸ˲ѡ
лӡ
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Ժһбĵͽȫ϶ŵ˵Ȼȥˡ
ȥĽϣŶ˵񹫹סһ඼סôõԺӣԼҲ
סڶСԺͬסĻҶظ񡣡񹧹Ļش
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סڶԺǸոǸԺӡ
شǳĲΪʲôͬΪҪͬסͿԶӵһСԺ
ŵۣȴ˼Ҿó裬㲻裬˼ӣûСԼΪūţ˼ӣ㲻ܳҲ
үŵģūʵڲ֪Ҫֱү
Ȼ֪үŵģȻҲүֻŭĶ𵽡վ·
޹ӣֲòүϲƢһūŶϲϲ鲻ϲ·Ҫġ
СԺҶ˵ˣߣɲΪүʱԼΨһпܵľү
Ҷһȥ㿴һŮӣҶȻҲ˵ˣүľΧȡ˿ƶ߲¸Ϊλˡ
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Ҷϸ밲顣İĿǰλӻţŹ
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λ޸үһ껹޳ҶϣҲ󰡣Ȼ޽̫ӸȻҪүĺԺҶҲүԺһЦֻΪڻһŮ
Ե˿̱ԣҶϲδŭƽͣӺ͵һԻ֪ӿѹˡ

ߣûãôʱˣүһڿʼȻסⶫСԺô͸ʵʵģһЩӡΧҶתһȦž
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ߣߡ˲ʶȤҶϣѵѹֲүϲ
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λҲǵģôʱҲһ߱ԹһҶŷȡ

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ڶһ磬ǱӵĿѵġ
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ӡǰԺʥּ̿ڿˮ˳˵ּ̫үµҪˡ
˵󣬱һŵĿࡣྪеģȴҲ֮ڣү͵˳׵䣬ҪǴ󰢸ްүͽȢˡ
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ӣû¡˵Сģɻǵ̫үľΧȢʱӿʧǵһ죬Կ˺þáүȢĿɲôˡ
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үôôˣǰ֮æˣܿүĻ£үΪಢ֪¡
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үǰЩõһöȥ˵ˣ㿴ϲүͳһ񻨺ľУӴưСĻҲǺöء
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ϲ𣿡үǼǵãԼµǶˤ˺þãôϲˡ
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µǶֻѪʯʱյصµԪضµĵ˿˿ѪɫͬѪһŴΪʯѪҺγɵģر
ү͵ָѪʯȻγɵĺ챦ʯȻ챦ʯǷǳټġĺɫɲѪֺɫԱġĺɫ˴֮͡⣬ǿҵġȼյĻ롰ѪĸоҲдԣһָ𣚣Ѫޡǽزĺ챦ʯϳ˵ĳΪѪ족򡰸Ѫ족Դݺ챦ʯʺ죬

306

үֻҵģֱ˼顣ү֪ǺĸѪʯͨѪʯٴηʡ
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ͻȻ뵽үԼİɣ
ʵүˣ֪ү˼Ҳȡֵģү檣ǵոһҪȢģβүˡ
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ү˵ЩܣԼ˵ίģȢ˵ޣⲻЩίǳ趨ʡ밲͹˵ˡ
үķ࣬ԼĻүֵӵõġүڲһҲԶˣүŵʱүκί
ү˵ĻףȻүΪ̫ӣ滹һϣҪү˻ϣôͲҪκ˵
ү֪֪үҵĺãΪүһίʲôүֻеǸλóһһ·үġɵĿү˱һүż˵
үʱæƻûʱԹԵˣһ㶼Ҫ⣬֪𣿡
֪үҪʼæأүҪȥ츮һ˰ݼϵĸĸ
춼ʮʮˣ뼪Ҳֻʣʮ죬⼸үҪ׼ĶǺܶࡣ
ɲʡɲʵգϴ͸ʹͣһǱҾǸŵŸ̧̫Ӹʹ͡
֪УԼһС֧ĸťһťƤһšñƤšƱúƤʮšˮ̡Ƥţһƥ޻ٽ跿跿ɡ
оĲǸҵġ͸׻ƽʮ߰Ƥһ޹ñһֽɰͲһݣһƥ踣ĸĽԣƤһ̡Ƥţ簰һƥ
Щ͸ıȲʲôöǽ̫Ӹవ뵽ȻЩġ
һүеһ졣ڵڶҲûмүˡ
Ҳر죬תۼ͵ʮ¶ʮšһ죬ԺҲõǰԺ֡
һү۲ʵۡʺǰߵ񣬿ǽڻʺ󱻹ţҲʡ˻ʺȻҪǰжߵ
ȻԤΧİ̧ʽΣܹһٶʮˡһ커ʮˣӭȢˡ
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үϴϴ֮󣬱ڸһһмԶԶϢȴίĲУո˲Ǻúõ̫үôô䵭
ðᣬϲŹʵүǳʲô𣿡
үԱߴûУϢɣˡ
ϲԼ»ҹȥŵӳүŲŲһֻֻүؿڡ
ϣ˵ˡүˣʹٶĲģҲֻѹŲԭϢ
˵˵үȴ˯⣬ԱһŮˣôҲ˯š
ͬ˯ŵĻ࣬һ˫۾ںҹﶢŴɴᣡ
ڴүϴһףүǲˣŽеĵƶϨˡ
үȢǵոٲϲ˴˵ػҪеġοһȥʹ밲أǽ촫̫ү̫»֮ҹ촲˯˭á
Ϊ˵ǣŸ˯ڽ˭û˯š
⻰
ȥˣûд壬ֻ£糿ٲһ

307̫

ڶһ磬ү͸ȥʹ밲
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檶úø̫үĶһݡ
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û£û˯áҡҡͷҲ֪ڴ۵ҹ
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˶Ͼȴ˭Ҳû½ϣ½ϵԺӿԺԶģȴ˶硣
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檣ūŸ̫ү̫밲̫ү飬̫顱˶ǰүĿȴֻͣԼűߵϣΪºǵͷģүҲ֪ı顣ǸյĬүµеζү˵ɡ
ϲĶү밲Ӧ̫ģȴү˵

308

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飬ǰæÿ˵͵ǰ˶һԶΣֻǸλԲʲͬ
󶬻һԽ͸³͸ɣšε밲ԲɡûΪκˣҲûڽӡ
ҲԽԽү̫֮뿪ˣүӽһֱ࣬ȴûлκүΪΪԼȴ֪ʵǺԲŲ붯
ߺүҲҽ뿪ˣȴûȥ࣬Ǵȥˡ
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ӣ̫үԴӽ֮û뿪ǾҲĲôһıԹʰĶ
죬̫Ӹǰĸ츮ˣ˵¶ҪС¡̫ү˭̫ү£۵ġȣһֱϲԼеɫű˵ĵģǶ˵ŶԺ˵԰ﵽԼŽ
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үԺѾյ־ˣ֪үǶôŭ

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ŵҲսս˽Թലǰ
̫үΪδ˯ãЩ΢ͷۣΪʱδţһȥ͵Ĵ磬ܲô²·ˣյʱ䲻̡ҽҲ֣ôóģôʱ䣬Ȼŷ֡
үһҽ˵ŭѣ˽ϳҪūţүȱеĶˡҲԸܷⶼûмʱ֣ŵ˳ʱġ
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Զҩүι£ɾͷϵĺˮΪҩԵʣ˯̤ʵˡ
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үͷҽȥǿ˵ҩ
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ү˸£׼ŵʱˡ
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ȥ̫½£ͲȥˡүȻ״ҲΪ״̬ŲȥԺģһʹ㲻ȥģǿԼԺһϣɲǿԼ
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үүү๴һЦ
ģү
ү˵Ҳ飬үȻ˵Ϳ϶ûµģԼҲϹġ
Ժ˵ģүĻԭⲻĻظ˸ϡԤϣϲδҪүչ˺塣
ŸϵӾȵȥ˶Ժɲ̫֪̫ү˵дʣ϶̫Ҳһ֪̫үڶԺ̫ıͦԾġ
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ӣūŻȥūǷ͹ӵġжôϲϵūš

310ıӵ

жôϲϵūţź򸻲ϣеǸ˵԰̫һūŰһޣôֻһܣūҲ̫үŮˡ
һūţҲˣİūšź̫үҲǿԵġ
ȥ͸Ұֵ㣬ӡ㺦ҾͲˣҡ˵תߡ嵥Ǹż޸үޣһ붼Ӻүʹ͵ġ
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ӣҲ»һ죬̫үⲻϹذɡЩһˣ쾹Ȼĵ˵һ䡣
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ӡ
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˵ǣȻʳǶ֪һİǶֱģ̫үĿǰҲֻһ磬硣
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ү߰ɣǻȥϢɡʵۣǷү۵׵ӰүҲû˯á
ˣǿȥɡүΪأϽȥڣҲֻЦЦ
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ܵɲܷүĺӱ۸
һ·ƹСţſͤȫС˫ַŶӹڵϣϳʹ֮ɫСϵĶ档СϵūŲϼҲѹš
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౻ˣӽˮˣûСɫԽԽѿ𣿻ôˡ
Ӣȥ̫үû취ֻܰү

311Тͻʺ

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ڸҽҪǰȥСʱү
ת񡣡̫ү顣ϣ˶ǹ񡣾ܳд棬ҲҪү
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үҲҲأҲֻİѵӣүС϶ˣ¸Ϻ࣬ôֻվˡİţô⡣
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312ԭǻ

£ΪĴʯϣµ̥ȣͺˡҽСϵү͸ϡ
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ջǺúõģôͶˡ۵Ĳмǹôˣ͵ְϷǼˡͬĻ࣬Ҳ˵뿴ʲô۶ӡ
̫үҼӺˣøҽȥôءŵĶү飬Ҫ漪ŵޣݵĸôһ¡
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񶼷ҽ͵ϡ˵ˣĵǳ˱ӵôţԭԼˡ
ҽüͷүҲϣкӣǲϣӳ¡
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үϲǲΰ룬ϲԼҪкˣǵһ׵Ķ
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̫ү»˵ʲôȴүֱӴϡ
ŸүĶԵūź𵽡
ŵ˸Ͻźи뿪
ǳҲȻȥˡ϶ү󣬱ת뿪ˡԺ»ء
ӣôˣò׼̫үٲ⡣
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һȥ㶫СϺ͵ȥԺһУӦ͵ʹ͡
ǡӦǼϲżǾżҲû취
԰үࡣ˶뿪ˣ׼˵ǴŹȥ档
СһҲ뿪ˣүϡһסүĴ֡
үôأŴ˲ϣôôү֪Լܿͻһӵʱȴġ
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죬Թ˭˵ҿˣҿ˵УүĺӣҲʵජү˫ۣϵ˵û˱ϣŮ˻үĺˡ
Ǹүֻǡ˲˵ˡүһѱ࣬ͷ
ءءǲҴүģǶСûй˼ˣСһΧүתȦﻹصĽš
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ͦáүҲЦ
үеʹͣүǸɡͻȻүôһ䡣үֱƿĿһۣͬĿү

313

񡣡ү
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ȥʹȥƽʹͱɡүʹһܴ󷽵ģθֻƽʹͣҲֻԡ
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ѽ㣬СİˣòүεĶŻ˵
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ڶһ磬С׼ǽĴţϾ֮еĵһӡ
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ɣŴĺ³ͬʽ·ֻɫǷɫģëǰɫĺëñҲǷɫġ
ഩĺ͸ɣһģһѣֻǴŵģٲȻһװ
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ӣǰԺѾ׼ˣҲˣ̫ү̫ͬͬȥӢԥƨϵ˻ûãү˺Ӣ˪˰£úϢԽะҲǺӢ˪
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ȴϵʱȴȵ˴ӸԺĸϡԺԺڵģ˸ҲԺſڵࡣ
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314

ŮûϲֱԲԸһ˵һȺˣǲϲҲϲǡԿԺ˵֮٣òһθڵġ
롣Ȼ˼Ҷޱշ˶ȥһԺӣ͸νˡͶޱշǰ棬źӢ˪ֱŸɣţ³үȥǰԺˣҲүڣչ˺Сӵġ
һԺϾͱĶԺɫסˡֱһܴͤӣ滹һ¥󣬿߶滨԰ķ羰Ӧһɡɫ໨ܣȻ붬֮ţӦһЩڽ϶̵ľջࡣ
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ȥ󣬹ȻĿ԰ľɫ̫ŮҲһ
С游ĸ谮ǳˣڸҲҪκˣҲϲֱֱӡ
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ҹҿధ游ԸΪعѣԸһޡ游ֲңֻ÷˻顣»Ҳ֪ˣõʱΪϱھ츮ҲܻʶһжԸ
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ÿȥμᣬЩŮ˵ĺǰһǽСѸһҲϲһ𡣡ޱշջĿ⣬ȵ࣬۵׵뵽ɢȥ
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ûкɷ򣬶عѣȷʵЩͬޱշˣȴû˼ִŮǿ˶ǣǶȱȽǣŮһҪңӡڹŴȷʵͦͬġ
һĵʱҡ΢ЦűʾѺãڹŴеλŮӡһЩ޹ŮԸЩΪʾԽݡҪԼȥҸϣΪǿԳģҾͲˡ
ԺҪ߶ˡϱϾᣬִҲֻǸճСѣһԸԼѵŮӣǸˡ
ЦŵͷҲԸ⽻λѡ
˽ϸ˵𾩳棬кóԵģĽζŴôʱˣûĹأȥ
㲻ûгȥɣϺܾȣΪܳĳ̶ȡ̫үӦôȥܶˡ
ҡҡͷϱʾźţ´㣬ҸóԵΡҵθǰٳԲ壬ҲԸ⽫ԼϲԵķࡣ
۳Եģȵģ԰ŮǣҲȥ󸻲뿪˶ԺΪˣòˡ
´һΣԶ˻ᵽΡ
⻰
ӦСŮҪѽȺСŮǿԽȺ½ڣԼ໥֮佻QQȺ705968481ͶĽͼȺ

315ֶΪ

Сİ֮󣬸̫ϻŵӣڹŴǻӳɻ󣬶Ǿջšһ磬үûȥϳǴŸϻȥˡ
ϱˣͻˡүûȥԺҲûԺһǰԺ¡
Ϊ峯ҪӽҪ٣һһȵİڡ
ŬͳһŮ̫λΪʶԭԭյĵ⣬ũʮʮգŮ涨ΪޡԺÿũʮʮ˵Ľաڡ
үҲʼæڵˡ֮ũʮһʮү̫Ӳ֮գһֵ˴ڣ˵⼸ÿ¶дӣүûԺˡ
ԼҲóȥҶ価ˣԺÿο䣬˵ǴůڱȽϺá
˺˪ӢѧĽ̵齫֡үһû¾ʹ齫齫ҪôǶ㶺С³
³ϲϲӣһдëĶϲÿһ˹ͻޱʾԼĲϲ
໹Ц³ǴĻӣȻС˵ȥЦˡͲס³ǲϲ
ǴĻӣǲԵģ㿴Ͷɰë׵ģɲôСϵ³ĵ˵ǻӦ³Ĵɤš
˹ˣզͲôأɣź޲ڶϣһֻɣž͸˵Ĳˡ
ӣҶظˡӢ˳㻹һ磬ڿ֮ʱϽѹȥԷ
Ҷظɣཫﻹڴ޲ֹ³ֽ֣ȥ
ָߣҶϱˡ
ҶϹؾصĸ
ɣûôͺáൽڻϰ߱˸
ôƽ׽ˣҪܺ;ͬס˯ЦѡҶǰԲϣϵƣ
ôˣǵΪˣڵΪˣˡүŮˣκ˶ĵˣοҶûг谮Ůˡֻ۸
Ϊѵ˵ϣֻûǰһס̹Ҷ˵赭дֻǲΪΪ˱Թ¡
Ҳֻ֪ĺദԴ˵رޣ챧ԹСԺﲻãסŲԼУȥҶϵʲôʲôһ㶼ûⲻĶľ
֪ΪˣҲǳԹĿͷġһ취ģ֮ǰֻίһˡҶ˵֮ͬĸ飬飬еøеָо
ο֣һΣסһӵˡǰԼ֮ʱҶϰôԼΧܰģһġ
л˵ģܹ͵סһԺӣҿǰͲأҶҪԼȻϲѣΪԼڵѹ¹һأྐྵȻӦĳŵǾ൱үĳŵѾ̫Ӹ˶ĵ
лֻУ̫үæĲˣҲţε̯̯֣ǰүû̫ӵʱʱյճԼյļˡ
ڶ̫үοءǵΪ̫ү棬ڶСԺⲻҳʱԹٻȥҪŭҪתƵˡ
Ҷ˵껹ƲƲ죬ڵΪǺܿϵģɹܲˡ
Ҳ׵ԣôҶ˵ûʲô︺ļҳһ
ǿˣмƥӣ֪ŮãҿʺʲôӣҺȥ
ڿɵ˶ˣȥ궬ڴ̫ˣүҲഩ·ӣΪ˺Сһװ
İȻ⣬Ư·ǸŮӲοְŮӡ
˵ġѣǿĸĲҿ䣬ŮǸﶼȲϵġҶһȻ⣬ƽʱҲû¾ϲŪЩ·ӵģպã԰ѵֶΪء
˵ţӢͽˡ

316

һƥӣֱɫīɫҺɫɫͳȺɫЩӿɶϵȲϣҶϹܸоĳЩӿûġ
ӱȱȻ󲿷ֶҶ˵
ɫͦʺġССҲʺϡֻӲǰװӡҪɫīɫĻرϡҶŶ͵ɫŮϲģÿرϡ
ʲô뷨ȻҶô˵ˣһˡ
Ҷ´һȦ˵ãսȹȻ´첲ͬģڳ䣬Բ죬ڸڼϺޣģҲرƤ
Ҷ˵ͷͷǵҲ⼫ˣ峯װǿ֣һ㶼͹ԲŮԵҶһ˵еȲˡ
ʱͬɫ޶񣬳ҲˡҶϼ⣬㽫Լ뷨˵ˡ
оֶԽ̹ӣɫͽɫҲʺϡԽ̹ҲϲԼмףŮ·¶ࡣ
һ˵оˣҾûҶϰϾҲүĸ·಻ʡ
Ҳ֤ĲҶҪԼҵ£ҪԹԼҪ˶೤ʱҲͱһԹˡ
ôأŮǺƯģֻҲ⸮ӣ²Զ֡ཫĶϣתϡ
ҶϸҲ׵Բϡ
⸮Ҳһ˽һӣЩ£ҲԸģ͵ÿơҲ֪СԺŶӻ徻ЩҶָҲ֪ģȻʱү߲ֲȥôҶҲ
ȻˣǾ鷳ˡЦ˵
鷳ҪЩҴءҶ˵űվߵǰƥīɫ
ʱҲˣȽƥӴȥҶϿһжɣ˵ӡ
Ȼ˼Ҷ˵ˣҲƴǣͷҶϽӴߡ
ڶҶϱˣǲ˯ѡ
ӿϲҶϽԼװóչʾǰ˵ҶһˣֻǽϲüãѸλһѣϸڴ֮ĿɶûŪأ
ΧƷתһȦͦÿģ⻹ֻûɣҶ˵ڵޣڼ޻ӦøƯ
Ҿ֪۹ⲻ·ƯˡҶƲܲò˵Ƿִǿһķװʦˡ
ϲɣиվˡҶϵٶȣնǶģ·ȻҪϸһ㣬Ϊıɡ
û£øϣҲżоԼūҶһԸæ͵
ģҽȡ޵ģ޻ﻹЩ޾ûˡҶ˼ģҪ޵ġ
֣ȥⷿõ޺޻֪Ҷûг谮⸮ҲͱǺôһ㣬ǵ޻Ҳ˺þõġ࿴Ҷϵ޻˼Լ᲻ãȴҪԼ·ϣ·ഩҲġ
һᣬﺣ½ֵܣһ˱һޣһ˿һ޻
ﺣ½һҶظЩͶСԺȥָ˱ŵĶԸ
ǡ
ҪЩ޺޻̫ˡʹ濴Щ޻˺޷´࣬ʡŵ㶼ˡ
ţ⸮ﶼǿ²̣ȥ븮ǲҿ㣬ǽ㿴ţÿܸ޻ˣҪô˵ΣҲûʲôεġ
ﻹȥľ·껹ܴպšҶϱôֱ׵Ļ˵ͦ˼ģЩǾ䶼Ǵʵ
ܴպϣأأ㲻궼պϰ˵ٹǰˣ̫үĲˣѵ㶼Ҫպϣ⻰û˵ѵүʱԼҸһ·ⲻžžžү

317Ĳһū

ͶˡҶϲھܾ˵ûƽʱԽһ£ҪĴϾͲܽˡ
ûеǰãÿЩūȻ˿ۣҲ̫ԴӺ͵סһԺ֮µĶֻʣǰһ룬һǱ˿ˡ
ͬסһԺÿƷλߵŮȥȻڷŸԼԺŮ졣
Ҷ¹ʵǲˡ
ţŶﺣ½ȥӦΪﺣ½ͣҪ֪ЩģҪҴ⡣
ˡҶ뿪ĶԺöﺣ½
Ҳһ͵˶СԺȥʱԺﵽ˵ūԺʯǰȲԵģ˳Щɻūǡ
ҶϹؾصĶŵ
ϣȥԺˣôģͷԺܣⶫСԺǴ㣬ģġȴţһֱڳԡ
ңֻ·ȥԡҶվһߣûе治뿪
·ҿһ㻳·ִ򿪣￴ﳶΪû깤ԭԲ˻濴
Ӳֻտ治С·ųһţҶϣȻڰ֣ʾˡ
ˡҶϴźֵܳԱȥˡ
ĶҶߺ̲סΪү϶ΪҶϣүҶȻԸСԺôԼôԶҶûеһ񿴴ֻ˰ˡ
ūžͽˣūǻҪȥػأͲŸϢˡ½һҶ̲סüһӣһΣ֮⣬İһҲûУģЩūŵҡ
鷳ˣ㡣ҶЦŵл˳úһɰ
½µģﺣ½ҡҡͷʾ½¡ﺣ̰ƣūǴ;ǱʾϿλӣǲǲ˼ҿ
ūŸˡ˳Ҷϵӣʱ֣ʱԼڶԺź򣬶źŶСԺ
ӣѾҶϸȥˡﺣˡ
СԺǸʲôҪȥҪȥҶϵ׹ʲôӣоǵǲĲ֪
ӣҶظ±Լ˵Ļ硣½ص
Ŷ
ūǸսȥͱſڣһ䣬ﻰҲƲǶԺ½ԼĿ˵
ȥ˸ңİ趼ūסģһľξֻʣһŴİͨͨûСﺣӹ½Ļ˵
ҶϹ治Ⱑֵ˵ĻÿɷˡԼ취ҶŲСԺ
֪ˣҪô
֮ļ죬һֱ뻹ôҶϰСԺܺúýѵһ¡
ڰڵڱ뵽ˡ
Ŵе밲ʱͽӢ˪ͻǰԺˣʱȻǸһĺɰϾԼ˻㡣
ôˣǰ
뵽εİ취ˣһֱͷ
ūˣūڶСԺʶŮʱūŽͳɡˣڵҲǼϲģһҲڶ
꣬ȥСԺȥҵѡཫү͵ǶԸѪʯϣӨ׵Ѫɫͨ͸ĸѪʯֱˡ
֪Լһֱ뷨εղֺֹа취ˡֻҪžͳɡ
һȥ˶СԺҶϾ˵ˣûи࣬Ҫȷһ£û⡣
ӣԺȥˡżҴҵܽڵ˵
ôˡױеԾȥġһᣬż˵ȥ
ںҶ˵̤̤̤ǻ·е֤ˣʹһɫͷ
ʱͺ˵һ͸·͹ȥأˡ

318

ҶԽ·͵ǰûչ֪·϶ǰÿ
աԽԽ
ԭǾҾ˵ôôȡֻû˵ڣͱ·޵ˣīɫףϰɫޣڸ߹дĸоīɫӺݴԵƤһˡ
ֻɣƯԡ˵Žϵ£ϣĿֱϵˡ
⣬ǡͰ͵ָһֻϵӡ
˵໰һڣͷҲش⡣
̫үʹ͵ģǼƷѪʯɲǵǶԸѪܱȵġŵȻһЦЩ·ȥҡ
˵ү͵ʱ򣬵۾ļʶү֪֮ҲֻʹһЩƽ֮ȷôõĶôܲʣôõĶֲֻȻڲģôͻ˵ĺá
ڵеħʹ߽ǶѾ
Ҳϲ𣿡Ѿ·˳һ·رչ©ɣֻ·Ů˵
ѵĵ̧ͷȥһīɫװ಻Ӻݻ󣬾òഩÿ
û뵽Ҷϵ˫ֻɰҲмƥӣ㲻ܾҲ·ɣû취Ҷû취߽ҶϣҶϵһֻӣָҶϵƯָ
ڵλεвҶҲҾܾҲܾܾ
Ȼ⡣
ԱߵҡҡͷҶҲ̫˵ˣԵſ˾۸
೯Եͷ⣬ǰһ߹˵עڵҶʱۼĽϵһֱֻתȥˡ
ߣǰڣʰʰȥǰԺǵӡʱͷûأҪϻȥױү࿴ۣҪȻǸáֻڲү
˵ת뿪ߵſڵʱ򣬸һŮײˡ
·𣿡˵ײ˵ˣԵӣˣҲǴ¡
ūŸūŸŮŵڵأŵͷ
Ǹ֪Ҷ̫үİ磬㾹Ȼײң˽𡣡˵žֽŮȥ
ס֡༰ʱͣϷûʼأôǣ޹֮أŶԣŮɲ޹֮ˣҪʿ
ǰڣ˵Ĵգ̫үɲϲֳʲô֪ģԸү׼ɹ
ߣͷŹ㣬ߡȻһүϲ㲻ڶˣɻָ̫үĿ࿴ء
ڵż̨ף׼ȥԼʱȴһֹͣ˲
ҵءﴫľһॷ
ӣֻʣһֻˣһֻˡ꽹
飬򲻸õġҶϾֵ
ūżǵãϵӣ͵ոùǺ
ཫŪˣͦ˵ģϣһֻҲŪźãɺ˵Ļ׼ŭ˵
ȥĽŲһתֳȥ
澣ȻңҲ㡣˵žҪȥ㡣ŵֱҶꡣ
Ȼµȴ˵ʵūû˵߹ȥͲ˶ûеǰȥ㣬˭
ðңǶϣҲ£ҽ첻㣬ҡ
ΪţҲֻúţ㶼˺öΡ
е㹦ӣҲܴ󣬹źҲ˲١
ס֡һֽͣţ·վá
Ȼϡ
ҸûãʲôҾ֪ǿһˣͺ澴ͨݺҰɡ
໰û˵꣬ͱ˻ȥ
ϣ˵Ҳôֻ̫ˡ
ĿģҪŪ˾֪

319Եİ

ܺúһ
ߣãû͵˭Ҳûá϶Щ˴ͨݺģûãôҪҪôָ֤Լ
ȥ̫ԼԱߵ˵
УȥǸո˶ܳȥ˭֪ǲԼõģȻȥ͵͵
һΪɵı飬ǡ
໹ͦȵģȻ뵽ͦġ
ȥɣҲǸսûأȥһָǸŮ
ǡŮӵת˶СԺ
ڵȴڼ䣬ӵһߣһߣꡣ
ʵոҲûȥֻվſڳȰ֮ͻص
һյĹ̫үһͬˡڣԼڸϲŻȥͬүһͬүһֱڸ
ȥģȴ֪ȥ˶СԺŽȥȵȣȴڶԺſ̫ϡ
̫ү϶үӯӯһݡ
ɣ̫ҴææġүʵԴӸϼ޸Լ֮һֱǷƵģ©ɫ
̫үڶСԺһֻֻ˵̫ү͵ģ൱󣬾ǵߵģֲϣⲻó檹ȥ
±ҲûʲôҪҪඪ̫ү͵ģġ
ǹһȥү֪ǶôϲǶᶪˣ϶á
Ե˿ıү̫ͬһͬĻ档
̫ү̫顣
ɣ¸̫˵һֻ
үҶϵ߿ʵĸסĵطӶûмѡ
ԭλϡ
̫үǳ檶һֻֻ·ͶһֻҶظūź˵檵̫
ίĽ龭˵ү͸
үһע⵽ϵ·īɫõСˡ
о·үǴûм⻹ǵһμеװȴװԵӯһա
˵ڳ˶ûгȥôĳ˵ϣȻǶǵô鷳̫ȥһˡ
С£үķֻֿ֮ܣһǵ͵ôһض©߼޻
үŵٽҵʱһûõı飬ȫûк½š
ٿҶϺͺ㣬Ҳûʲô飬ôҲ֪˭ߵġ
үĿϣүٿ͵͵ĳүƤգգ۾
ˣү֪ô£˳ԵݵһϷүʱҲܲడ
֪ԼӲү۾ģֱӳϣʣĸү»ӡ
ǵģôͻȻڴļĴָɵĲŶ
̫Žȥ˳̫ĴһֻѪɫϴһ
̫ү檴ӵѳ֪ǲǾġϽùүǰ
̫ľ϶ԩģˣͲˬĸȥڼ飬ôǱݵġ
ϾüȻףôү϶Ҳ֪֪ǺΪֻҪؿүôͳɡ
үԺЩûȤܣֻҪǲֳ¾ͳɡ
̫үǳ͵ģ檸ֻ֪ôڳϡ
үǰܳϣˣүԺοοû͵ֱˤ顣
ڵˣϡʱ࿪ڡ
һ⻰ݺݵתͷֿࡣ
ǣݺҡָະ
ڶѾҵˣ㻹Ʊ硣үŭӣôָ࣬˭ĵӡ
үôһ𣬸Ҳˣģү֪ȴҪࡣ
̫үңĲңݺҵģһҶԹ۸Ķڱҡһ
ֱָүҶϡľǼ˶ѡ
ҶϱôһָҲܻ֣̿ǰһͬүǰ

320֤ȷ

춼ûж
̫үҼҸ͵ģūſĿ˾ھʱַˡȷȷʵʵżԼҸ⡣
澣һңҲŹǵġָź㣬תҶϣָԼ࣬ɲˡ
ȫûŪԼĿǰ״ΪԼǸԭ˵һ
»أ͸˿֪ûڵʱǺεȵſ񡣡
үһϣҪǿ»еķϡүĵľͲӣƯС
˵⻰ʱ򣬳ûǰһһŹҶĺ㣬ֻССĶȴû˿˵Ϊүŭͷȥ
ȴֻһ˽ж̫ϣûпڣүҪôͲʺڲȥ
ܵĶ֪ʱǰѻᡣ
̫үصĸүͷ
㣬ʲôҶϲ⣬֪ҪʲôļƻҲ֪
̫үˡ񡣡Ҷϸæү
ū֪һֱηŵƣǳԵģõģ۹ˣҪԺιȥ
ūŽ춷үΪ
˵Ķ̵ġ˵ɣǶϵģʵǹţȶӶҪˡ
Ŷ¾Ȼ֪ԼĺԺ¡ܷ߹ôһ£
үȻõͣ˵ĻĽˡСˡ
檣檡Ӽٴת檻̫үİ磬ȻõĳԵĶҪǺõģҶϷҲòԲˣǻøá
һϯ˵඼ȥƣ̫Ҳֱüͷˢ֪
һˣ㵹ǻǸӣǸӲֵ޳ܵĶ
үŪɱˡʱΪʲôҪȥƶ߲ΪʲôҪ£ΪʲôҪΪ
ںˣܴ򣬲ɱģǻĥԼ
檣һжΪ˶İ硣֪ã˰磬ôǷҲط
磬ù»һû͵ĺùԺȱ𣿡ү˵Ķ䡣
Ŀǰˣ˿̵ү֮ʱſֱ֮
仰֮ʱҲһ⡣ү˵ںһδεĺӣôԼʱүǲҲġ
檣֪ˣ檻ȥͽ¶ү۾ɵ㶵˵ŻģȫǱү˼ŵˡ
ߣȻסĲôȥСԺŰɡ
үջĿ⣬Ŷ˵
Ҳ֪СԺסϣүϲһˣǱȢֱʺԲ
үһˣ𶼱һڽŵˡôĸԸ˴ԺүҲȥϵԺ뵽ǰ¡
̫үǳ檻ôȥֵط±Ҫ˵ģȴļֹסˣ̫үѾˣԼ̫ү
Ľ־±үȥСԺҶȻõٲ̫ôôȥʣµľүࡣ
һͬȥ˶Ժ
үƵģҪͷͷҰɡ
һүǰ֪үһ֪ģỹ̹״ӿĺá
ɡүһ̾Ů˻£±Լ֪ΣûԹϴ
˵ʲôºӣүҪʰ
үǷ£ֻʱ򲻶ԣһ»ˣӺүͻԼھʹ£ƶ߲޷Ӻүûȥġ
ߣ˳ۺܾˣľΧҵģҶûˡھȻŵĽһĿտҲ
˵ֻǸһѵԺ󻹸ɲһ档
˵ľΧľ¡
үæ׷ʣҲڵ飬ֻǵʱڳ˶ûע⵽үֻýһֱţ첻ྐྵȻ֪
ߣԼ˵ġүʱ䶼æҲүšǲȥ׷

321˽

˵Ӻүֻٽ²ȥֻѡ
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327

ÿֻСɺСװΣ񱳲Ƕèʯһ顣
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ڴϡ
̫ϵĳãȻ̫һźϳƷ
ʱ䵽ˡһֱעʱ䣬̫¡ֱҲ̫֤ʱѾˡ
߰ɣһ£̫У³͸ɣȻҲš
һ˺ƺƵĳк͵ȥ·ҲɣλͣҲСһ·ֻͣ
뿪ʹһˡ
ǱӴĶ飬ȥ·׳٣үĶԣϣϣϡһЩСС˳ڣҲʶ١
ʷϣӺүҲһǳĵĻˡԼ󹬵Ůиλݵģ඼ڹ˳ϣүλ󣬶λݣйŮء
һȺˣ˵˵֣Ҳܿߵк͵
ԣ̫
ÿһλ֮˹ʱūרŸ߳
Ｊ飬ԣＪ飬̫Ｊ顣
̨λһһߵݡ
λ𡣡
εҲ෽̫үϯλʱĴǲŶ
ںһͬСǣԼԼλ
ϼݵ̫ү
ڳƨɻûأӺүүһͬˡ
̫꣬ǧǧǧǧꡣ
ڰղض񣬽˵Ĵڰڣһ⡣
ӺүվԣĴ󳼣˵
лʡ
Ժ󣬱㿪ʼϲˣ輧ˡ
Щ赸ȤȽԼǰû¡
ûע⵽ʱѸٳԼڣо˵Ŀ⿴ϸʣıжˡ
ٴ֮⣬໹ܸܵһɳȵĿ⣬ϵҲ⡣Ϊ֪˭ڿ
̫ӣ̫ӣʲô
ӺүɻĿүͬү˵үȴûһֱֱ±ߡ
ʰ꣬ʧˡүæ͵ɲû֪һֱڿԶˣɾͲˣһ֮Ϲӵɾʵˡ
˵õ֮Ůϣׯͻݣøá
ӺүĻתүӺүЩҲ⣬үԺҪϵģȻ١
⸸˵ĶԻģֻǿӺүͿϺϡȴ֪˵ʲô
үֻŲҪӺүԼһֱ࣬ҲûϸڴӦˡ
һʰ갲š
ү˵꣬ŷԼ֪ӦʲôʢĻ˸͸
Ӻү֣ʢǰһ
Ӻү˵ˣʢֱӣǰһӺүԱߡ
һΣ֪ӺүҪּˣڳ輧ҲѸȥ
үּ֮Ů񣬶ׯͻݣش̫үΪ񡣡
ʢڿԺ󣬵ŵٻɵ㶵ģоľϲҵͷת
ͬͷתĻүô֪ԼҪɸˣƾǸղŻʰԼ˵Ļ뷴ڻļ
үʶĿԶһֻۣЦ绨Ҳ֪ˣû
ʵһҲ⣬үûеǼ֮ǰЩŮ˶ֵġ
΢л¡ٱߵͬѣŵײײվл
ղض񡣻ȥŰɡӺүڰ֣ϯʼ
óԸúһ£ͬĻ̫
Ȼ֪үԺŮˣ˶ҲûĶ⡣
㷹ԺӺүʱСһûء
̫ӣأû޿еء
ƽʱӺүȥʱͻСһĴˣҲиˡӣͦϲġ
ػʰ꣬ˣӦִţɢɣ˽н
үʹɫף˻һ뿪
ճȥûãҵ³ɣš
ǣ콫͸ʰһҪȥ
æӦӵ򲼺ѡŴӸһͬϡ

328Ƶү

񽫺ӴʱӺүһ飬³ԼԼʳָûжı顣
ӺүȥɣŵʱСǸӺүһ΢ЦӺүЦֹ
Ҳ³СǸ͵ģ˭ҲǣɣȴرЦۼ˭ЦһЦ
񣬿ԡӺүҲŸɣЦЦ
ɲСѾͷСС;ϲҳ檽Ƕ͸ֻϣԺܱ
֪ӺүǲģҲͬһ뷨
ĶԣʹˣЩǸøˡ
ӺүĶԶԻֳסˣһʱȻû֪˵ʲô
ʱߣҲβˣڼλ󳼾Ӻүľƣȫү£Ϊ̫ҽ˵ˣӺүƣֻزѡ
ƾͱүˣͬԼǷݣүǺȵĻ̫Ӹ
ʱΪȾƣүȽͺͻȥˣ̫ų档
ֱүȵģӺү˽үȥүǰסĵط̫ͬ
̫ŴūǴٺͶ̫ǲģ¶ǣͲס˵ԺҲ˼ˣͰһūš
̫Ž˴ģȴһЩ˿ɴ鷳
ȥЩˮ̫źү֮󣬾Ҫү־ԼҲ۵
ڼ˺£ڽүøɾ̫ūչүġ
ȴ붬ֱӷˡ
ӡū̫үɣϾҲóʱûסˣūЩ˲ģʱ̫үӡ
̫ʱҲ˲پƣͷκģֻ˯ﻹô࣬־ö˵öź
ҹһֱүϣûмүεأ˲úÿԺ󻹻ǴĻϣԼ̫үŮˣôԺٻ󻹲ֵ
һʱֻǶˣ񹫹ūţûзԸҲǲġ
Ǵ̫ߺһֱҪүκүʵĲʡ£Ĺƻֻ
ʾ֭үѾû취үˣôԸҪءҪһүȻӮȴҪİ취
ֱӵİ취Ǹүιҩˣ˯үҲ죬û취ˡ
ˮҪˮ
ڶһĪչʱ򣬴ϵү˶ȥһˮ׼ιүµʱȴͻȻͣˡ
룬үˮôõʱôء
ˮ룬ͷϰһҲ֪ŤˣķĩֽŤãڷ䡣
ˮҡȣιү¡үȵҲʲôҩȴǴҩһ֡ǴӸ츮̫Ӹġû֪ķдҩ
үˮˮ֮󣬻ʣŻҪˮ˶⡣ҩˮôˣүҪȣôҩ϶ͺ¡
үˮ֮󣬲һ;Լȣʱֻоиµģıȥ
̫ү
ʹűһЩȥֹѾˣǽȥүĺ£ڲԶˡֻӵү¡
һȾһϡүѵʱֻоͷʹ̣ԱһŮӵĳðɡ
±졣
үһȣǸĿֹͣүʹԴһʱǲ
̫үˣ
վһʱ̫ˣ֪֮󡣱ֱӹſڡ
֪Լ˶ĵˣǧûзס
ߵūţӴ£Ҳģһ֪˺͹ˡ
ϵү˻ᣬ۾ⲻҪһүŭֱ
񣬸ү
ľս˽ȥһȥ㿴үŰӣڴߣڵ¹Ŵŵô죬ô٣Ѿʼ԰
̫үɷź
սսʵȨûп
ˣ˭ġ
үһξ֪Լʲôȫûм䣬ǵ顣֪Լȷȷʵʵūŷ˹ϵ
̫үˣūź̫үϴ̫үֱץסūž͡͡أūŸô졣
ɫ԰ףһӡͳԵ˿»ᱧһοүȴԵˡ

329ε

˼үǿģүЦˣԼѵԼܲסˣʲôɫ¿ˡ
̫үϣūֻһ֮
˵űҪվȥײӡүôͱʾүˣǲԼͼװεֻҪִˣͲү
ȴ֪ԼѾ˼ޣһվоһεת󲻸ĳˡ
ǰ鿴ֶˡ
үιȥˡ
ξˣ¸Ȼҷ˽ȻظˣſƤ
ү˵Ŀյ洫Ƶ
̫졣ôأ
һҲõϢˣԼĶӣǶģԱ߷һýȢ̫ȴȥǿһūţ˵ȥţ¾ſҲѾʵˡ
ֻƴȥ檾ˣҪ˿ࡣ
Լĸǰ
ùò᳼檣檽̵ƣӦܷ
ִ̫ĹſڲʵֲֻԼȽȥһͿڵϵĶŵ÷ƴʧɫΪүֱŪ˶
ıϢʱɿûͺã̫үҹŮڶֱӴ´ȥүá
̫үʵʲôūѾ̫үŮˣʵ̫ү˼
ƶ֮飬֮еϵүʵүҲףֻʲȥһūŸˡҲǶˡ
ȥ̫ҽүεЭȥ̫ҽ
̫ү̫أƼˣŶү˵ŵ̫
ôһá
ү̫ʱոȥĻˣҪ̫ŪһôҪūţôн졣
̫үĪҪ˵̫Ͼ̫棬ġѵ̫үϾйˡ
ƸоԼȥУⲻһȰȰǸ
ɣүһ£̫ȻˣվΪʱе㳤Ҳ䣬̫Ȼһʱûֱٸæǰšֹ֮үǰ
ǳ檹̲ܽϣ̫ٝү
̫ľԼͲŶ⹷ôĵ˳ʺëء
Ϊ̫ԼūţȻϹµĴ壬רŰµģ
ү˵ǰĻʱƽŭȴòԣū̫źģĪ̫Լū
ԽүԽпܣôūţʹ˭СΪʲôƫƫߵūţԼĿаգǿϵ¡мһè塣
̫һү˵ָʹʱĻŲѡ
檲̫үǶţȫ֪顣
̫Ҫүǲ岻ģүôԺ̫Ҳͷˡ
ū̫ӵ̫ûȥҲԺˡ
𣿡
үʾɻ󣬵е̫϶Ѿ̫ˣԼҲûп̫еĶС
̫ϵҲӦ̫Ƕ뵽⣬ү̫Ĳ¼ŵȥ
̫ү̫ҽˡ
֮߳һͷɽһɷǵӡ
̫ү顱
̫ҽ֮ȶүо̫֮ҲǴأȻǾ֮
̫ҽ𣬿ôˣ
ү̫ҽһָ̫ҽҲ˵Ҳʡֱ˳үָķȥ
̫ҽ֮ǰѾ涬һ̺ӣһΪ˱ůΪס壬ϾѾүŮˣɲܾô¶ӡ
̫ҽߵߣƴ̺óһֱۣ̫ҽ֮ջ֣תү˵
̫үλ֧캮ضãεˣעⱣůϢɣ
̫ҽ˵ĻȽתһʲôˣⲻ̫һءһһŮˡ
֪ˣ̫ҽȥ
үԸūŴ̫ҽ뿪
ȥҩ
̫үڣ
ү׼ȥñҩʱͻȻ
ү˵Ļջȥˣֻǿ
Ҳ֪˭ֻܳȥѯʡ
̫үǬ幬С̫ࡣ

ȻǬ幬ģүҲʣǻʰء
ƺ̫ɫĽ棬ү档
Ǭ幬ūŸ̫ү밲̫ү顱

330û

С̫һ͸ү
𣬲֪Ϊ˺£
үӦòǽ֮°ɣϿɲܻӳλŮ֮¡
ūŴ̫үֻǬ幬ү٣д
С̫Ҳһ·֪ʲô£չȴҪȥˣֻƴѡ
үһӺүʲôҲˣֱӴҪ뿪
үߺļˣ̫үûзԸΣҲ֪Ҫô죡
̫ҪɣȽȥ̫үߵˣ̫ү
ε˵ⶼʲô°̫үˣܲܽɣ
̫ҲôģԼ޲ô˶ڵĶɲһ䴦þеģϾźү
鷳ùˣһ̫Ӹġ
ūžȻȥˣﻹūŻػأ
ƿѾûˣԼʱҲˣȥʣﵣ顣
汾͹ùóȥ
̫Ҳ֪ʲôԸ˴֮󣬾һֱŴϵĶ
ȷ뿪̫һֱϣҲ˵Ǿš
תѣһͷӦڵ״̫үڿǷŭĺܣһҪ˵̫үǿԼųɡ
ˡ
ĶһŷӦﲻֹһˡ
۾㿴̫ڲԶϣޱĿһʱȻ̫뷨̫ûмġ
ӣūŽͣūȻĽ̫үūǾԲᱳģ
̫ү̫үϺˣӲūšūŲҷԲš
ֱӴӴվϻѣ̫ǰ̫ǰ޿ģһֱǿүǿģԸġ
Ҳڱǰװˣɹˣ̫үĴı£ҲϣԺб̫ү谮㡣
̫үĴ޷Ϊٻ󣬶Ҳ֪̫үŮˣ˳谮ٻ
ľûг谮ٺãԺӿҲرߵһȹŮֱԺ½ϡ
Աϣбڶ̫ϣһֹֻ𶬻°ͣնŶŲҰ׵СǶģʵڴ̫ˣһƬɴѡ
۾һתתĶŶ۾
һƯСס̫ү½Ͼӡ
̫ס°͵һ˦Ư̽𻤼׼ָ⻮գһİӡȴûƤ
Ϊ̫󣬶ͷҲ̫˦ķ˦
ϵʹֱüһֻʹ̫
ȥ·̫Ӹ̫վ˵˵֮˦ȥڳ֮ǰȴĶĵ˵
ڶĿɲ
̫ҲֻǽŶһ£֮첽뿪ˣϣܳΪڶźúʰΪ׵ĵԭ¡
ڻȥ̫Ӹ·ϣ̫ڽ٣һһ߸š
㶬̫үŮˣүû֣ôͻһūţūŹɲ㰲Žӡ˶ֻʣһһ߻̫Ӹ
ǸʼȻص̫Ӹ󣬶֪Լж౯ҡ
ӣūŽȥɣūǰԺūţūŻҪźأ
Ժſڣſ飬𶬻ֱӵūţҪӷĴ
˵ԺԺūˣȻүĴôԺݲ㡣㻹ǿ߰ɣʣ˲졣
ԺſڣӸµĿŹĶǲöȥ
㣬ҽȥɣû̫үĴ̫үҵġ
Ȼǿ󣬵۵һ˿ݡ̫үûлظ˲ûа
ôԼֻȥ̫Ժ̫үظ֣ʱҲҪɫ
һжүظүظ֮ǰԼѵȥֻԺҪȻֻȥ͸µȵūżһ
ڲߣҾ˺뿪ˣʶ㣬ǸϽ뿪
ɲԴˣҪ񶾵㡣
˵ʲôȴԺӻ֣ĸС̫࣬ϻɨ֮Ķ
߲ߣ߾ͲҪҶˡָŵĶ
˵ʲôȴһӣĸ̫սеĹߣҪ
ߣߡ
Ĳ鲻Ըվ

331ֻԼ̫û

ֻܺݺݵظһʣԼԺ̫үĳ谮һҪʰ
뿪ֻܵµȵūסĺ԰סĶһЩ̫Ӹµȵūš
רŵҹĻרϴ·ģоǴɨġ
˺԰õһӣŮȫߣԼһ˰ռһ䷿ӡ
ߵŮҲ֪ȫ̫Ӹ֪ԺĶź̫ү
Ȼڻûλݣ̫үûڸλڵóˣڶĲ϶ᱻġ
ǻǶŵ
Ժ˶֮󣬾ȥ̫ػˡ
ӶѾūŸˡ
ţԺ󶬻ҲԺûϵˣԺ£Ҳȥĥ
̫ĿžԼ֪к³ġһʱ⣬Ҳ̫ʱ䡣
ūŲȻѾ̫үˡǺβӰأ
ٲ⣬ҲûУɿԽԼŮ׸ϣȹ̵λ
Уֻ鷳ұѾ̫ˣҪ汾ȹ̵λ𣿡
̫Цһ̫ԺĴʺֻҪôͻһֱǻʺܶҡǻҲҪǷᶯҡ
Ϻɲô򵥵ģͱ統ʺ󣬼ʹˣȻûбϷϺ
˲˵ˣ
̫黹˵ʲôֹȻתƻ⡣塣
븮̫үǰԺдôţ
̫үûظأҲѾˣǰԺĺ¥
¥ǰԺһСԺרŸүĺסġϽʱүûڡ̫Ҳûڣ˾Ͱں¥̫ү̫Ժٰš
ȻˣôȥסСԺҶͬס
̫ӸԺĿǰֻ߸Ժ䣬̫סԺϾסԺסĶԺ滹ӣ˲㡣
оǱԺԺסŽϺͻеСϣҲסˡ
оСԺסŻе£ϣҲ٣ǸԺҲС˲ٽˡ
ԺͶСԺԺ൱ԺȻò븮סԺֻʣ¶СԺպҲֻסһˡ
ūȥš
Ӧ󡣾˳ӣȥϵס
ӣϢһɣūϵҩ
ٷ̫ڴϣ̫ôôʱ䣬ϥǿ϶ˡ
ԺϢˣԺȴˡ
һֻ֪үڹϢϢûŵʱ̫Ŵӹ뿪˻ʱѾˡ
ԵõϢֻǶԺˡԺūҲʵġȻǺ棬ȴµʱԡ
㣬ӻ֪أҪô˵أ
Ϧվ봲߲ԶĲżţλòڴϢҲע⵽һһ
Ҳϴ֮Ǽലߣڱϣ˯ţ߶Эڲżߡ
ڸ˯ʱϦ仰
Ҳûж룬ֱʵʲôҪ˵ģ
ˡ
Ϧ˽ҿżԵ˽Ҳˡ
š˵ʲôأǲ˵£
Ȥ֪ǲԼģҲֻǡ
ûʲôģӳҲ֪ūźױ
Ц˵˿˿ŵķɲ١
Ϧź𴲣ױʱʵ̲סˣһ˶֪һ£Լ֪ʱʱĺܼ尾
ʲô£ǿ˵
ǡǡϦͰ֪͡Ӻ˵
ū˵ɡһֻӣ϶ż˵
̫үƣ̫ߵĶ
һϢʱ֪ܿǰοԼ峯ǺġֻҪүԼľͺˡ
ϴԼǱͷᣬ᲻ĵһж˵࣬ûԼǿ
ӡ굣ĵĽе
û¡̧ͷЦЦԼûãһүŮˣֻѹȴʲô
ʲôʱܰԵĶռүһˡЩФүŮ˶ʰķ˭Фү
Ǻءᣬżʵ
̫үûлظҲûдظ̫ģ̫Ժ󡣾ͽϳԺˣڶס˺԰

332ү

꽫Լ֪£һһࡣ
˵̫үûи֣ҲûС
ɻүġү磬һһ֣ͱǰϣȴûУⶼȥˡ
ô²пǣү֪£ǿүүŲ֡
أʱɫ԰ףʱε
Ҳµģּһ䡣
㻹˵̫ϳԺ۾ĵꡣ
ӵ˼ǡҲ̫ŵġ
һͨͷ
ҪȻ̫ôὫϳȥҲ£϶̫үˣ̫ڲ֪öչ̫үȴ붬˼ľ档
಻֪£ԼĲԭί
϶˵ô˵̫үҲܺߡ
ϽүȣҲϣҲҪΪ˴ģϾүȥҶģǶƵġ
ߡ˵ǣֻǴӱ﷢һߡ
ȻڵöˣҲȷһвүԸģүȷʵ˶ǲʵ
ֻǵȴүһ;С
Ӻүȥүʱȴȥ˾ľӪ
ĿȥΪҪԳ׼
ϴȥľΧүȥһ˿ƶ߲Ϸˣһ̨̨ԹޣүļƻȻʼ
ȵۿү䣬Ϊͳһͼ׼еĶս
꿵ү·׼ڿʮ꣬δʵֵա
󣬲̹Ҳ̨ǰ׼峯ٴηͻ1׼أռʱӺүຣأȫû
ȥˣҪڶγȴү
̬үûʱ̫ӸԼҲû̫Ӹֻ񴫻ȥȥĶԺĵ
õϢʧеģǵģ֪ʷϵ׼֮ңʮ꣬ӿүͿʼˣֱүλʮųշ׼
׼һɧţүΪ̫ӣԳ׼ҲӦõģοʷ˵δȫʤǻŻŵģܸод·
ĵȴ̫үǣū⻹ҪȥԺ̫ˣūиˡ
ߺأֻϣүһƽ
̫˵ˣ̫Ҳ֪εĴսģǴʤˣǰүûȥȥҲʤڴġ
ү֮󣬵ʹˣүĻĵӺwҲŶʮ꣬緢ҵʱ
ɸôֻȥսսˡ
ȥĲֹwʮүʶ_ȴӺүأɲϣʱʮүȨƹӰ
үߺ̫ӸҲ١ֻ̫Ҫǲֳ󶯾Ҳϲȥܡ
ЩĶÿԺУֻΪ̫ӵȥ˲ģȴҲ˲ݺġ
һû˸ϡҪСԺϣ̫Ӹȥû̫ӳʲô
ڹŴǣŮ»ҹŻῴԼķʲôͺöˣǰٿʱҲү
ϵҲǸصģүûڣڶһ磬ȥԺ̫밲
ȻҲӦõȵľϣҶϣ˶ǸҲû޹Ҳ˭߹˭
ʱ򣬾ֻ̫ûѡ
ӣǸո񡣡
˳Ŀ⿴ȥȷʵòû½ϵǧģұҲֽС磬ҲûµŰ衣
Ҷ϶棬ҲûͬΧ˵
ģȴһֳ׵ĸоڴһɫȹͺȥŮ
ŮҪôĻαװҪôֳȻ
һҪȻܸүӣҶˡƽƽʹλϡ
ජŵȴͻȻ̧ͷ΢΢һЦ£ϵĸ֪ԼҲһܸо
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Ҳʱ̫ˣæվ
ūŸ̫밲̫顣
񡣴̫£ˣҲȹڡŽ
ɡ

333Ůһ

վºŷ֣үԺԽԽˣⲻ㶬ʮˣò
ȻҶǶˣôʶʶ븮ո񡣡
̫ϺһСڣ˵
ϣ̫߲иλ񡣡
վǰ̫һһǸǣҲ𽵹Ǽ
Ҫ
ūСϣū½񰲡
СͦŶӣͬ½һͬ
λһơһַֻСϣЦ˵
λСϰɡһ֪̫ӸﻳеľֻλŮ죬һҲ߸ˣһҲֻһ¡
ո˵ĲǰȷʵСϡ
̫ģΪʲôֻҪǳһʮ밲УʵЩ˾һϲ
̫үҲǳ谮СϵġҴһЩСʳո͹ȥ
⻰˵е˼ˣ̫Ӹ˭֪̫ү谮ǶԺľ
⻰һڣǿСϵó裬˲СŻǳ˲ó衣
谮ǺǣոŪ̫Ӹ״̫ӸܳĿɲСϣҪͽҲҪͽˡ
˵ôֱӣǵ
ܳأ»һƣĵطŬŬ졣
ҲΣˣ˵֪ˣڽ಻õġ
Ǻǣˡ
ֻǵһЦϺһ˿죬˵ĸоûں
ˣҽ̫Ӹź̫үģ谮ԼġģĪҪż
̫ͷԼȹڣ˵һʱҲ̫Ǹ˻ǲˡ
̫˵Ķԣǰź̫үģֻҪ̫ү⣬˭ź򶼳ɡ
ϺһԲȥ
ͻȻоϾǴҴڸУ⻰˵ʵΥģ˭ź򶼳ɣǱ
ﲻû˵ͺ͸һһװƷͳˡ˵˲˵
ߣ˵ĺǵǲҪǰԺˮ̫үҲȱһڡ
˭ˣ²ˡ
̫෢ʹĶͷһô֪˷˵ġ
ˣҪʶʶոҲˣȥɣ飬͸ոù
̫ʵڲ߶ֻĴ뿪뿪ǰչأ̫Ҫϼġ
һֱվ̫ϻһӣʱ˾ͷˣԭǸϵġ
Ͻӹ֮һл
Ȼ̫ˣϣ࣬ЩλݸߵģȻҲҪͣ͵һɺ׹
󣬾͸Ի˸ԵԺӡ
ү뿪Ҳصǰ˳ԣ˯ҪǶɣǡ
಻ǣϾȻ춼밲Ҳ֪ʲô˼ʱෳˣȥȥ
ӣոˡС¹һεĽ
죬ԼһδΰʾҪˣ͸һ
ӡҪūųȥˡ
ҲͷۣҲû㲻ʶȤˣ˵ʶôӦȥ̫밲Ժ
˵Ϊ˽飬ҲӦֻһ˰
ˣɡ
ˣԼܾĴ̫ˣԼ˼ˡ
С¹ȥͨһϱС¹ӽˡ

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һ˵ǣʵڲ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
е죬಻˵Լ˵
䣿
⻰˵ˣɲһ䣬ľǣ¶ҲͼȻûеءն̺ҲȥҲµء
ո˵£ǼС䣬ôҲûĵ
شϵ꣬ʵҲ֪Ϊʲô䣬Ҳ˵ôֻˡ
գգۣʾͬϲһ˵ŲĻ
ԭˣ衣Ӽġ
Ͻһ轻꣬ʾæȥһ
ӹ뿪ȴеƣϵһʱݵĻ裬ȴ˵Լϲ裬ᾹȻ˵Լһ衣

334ģ£

⻨谡ϲȣǲ֪ϲϲȡֻʺ϶ˣůů塣
ϲûҷ˼ȻԹԵ˵
Ͳɻˣǿ϶ɶı
ǰϵһʱ˵ԼϲȻ衣ھȻ˵Լһֱϲ裬ⲻì
Ҳ뿴ϵʲô
꽫ݺõĲһһ
ֻЦЦ˫ֶ豭򿪲豭һ㣬һɻûʹζͦġ
ཫӴս豭Ȳϰߣ˵ϲȻ裬˵ϲ忪ζ
ζʱ俴һֻۣڵ˲豻ƣȻȻͬһȥҿһ㱭ǣȥζ
ԽԽоԾƣϰôԽԽƽʱءĪÿģ
뵽⣬Ȳ˼ûˡеĲ豭ǰϡ
ȻĲԾɻķеĲ豭
ôˣѵ⻨費úȣ
ŶǡѸٵñ飬©һ΢Ц
ͻȻ뵽һСе£ûаأԿ²ոһˡ
Ҳ仰˼ԣǾ£ϽߡҲһģֱͿˣԼҲš
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ǵĳ飬ҪȽߣȷԼǷж϶ˡ
Ϧո񡣡೬ԶϦ֣Ϧ΢΢ϥʾԼˡ
ˡ϶֮ͬ˳ȥ
ӴҲϵӰ֮ʱŽŵѯࡣ
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ݲʱԣûзʲôԡǶ˽˵ոյı飬˵ˣ⡣
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ҡҡͷ¶ϵĲ豭ҿǣʢŲ֪Ļ䡣
漴һڣˮ˵ſǻθ˲һůůĸоҲʲôˡ
ֻһ˻ֻݵĲеζֻһѡ
⻨Ҷ֪ůθҲͬģֻѿ
ĿıΪǧɼǶôĲѽ
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֪ģСһӲģӾȻڣ϶Ƿʲô
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వʧЦϦõӣҲεס˵һūҲҵֻ̡ԸϦӣϦͦõģ
Ҫʲôҿ˵ūſȫ
ϦԼ̫ѨָָʾԼȫԺ
ʵǣϵһʱǲ˵ϲͻ裿
˵ԼǴˡ
ǰո˵ֻл㣬ȴҶĿɬڸϲȡ
Ϧ붼룬ͽϵԭ˵˳
԰ūŸոݲʱո˵һֱϲȻġ
Ϧе˵ԼϲȻ衣
ǲϲūûѣոȷʵ˵Լϲ
ϦһԼļˣǴѵġ
ЦЦοϦ
֪ûѣҲ˵ϲǽ˵ϲѵǾûзһʲô𣿡
Ϧɵҡҡͷʾû֣Ҳҡҡͷûзʲôֵľٶ
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ķҲӳϲǼ
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Ϊ䣬öҪֻһ˵ĻÿζϳԵġ
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һֱȥšҲûֻ֣ǽȥʱŷѾˣ̨ʳУһһϲԵģҲûˡ
ǸճŷŷС̫һʳ׷ˡ˵ˣһǶԺģϸһȷʵôˣͻˡ
ֻ˳˵һ䣬ôҼӵһġ
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Ľͣȷˣȷģġ֪Ϊʲô
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šǲ֪ģңʲô⡣ѵҪѧҵӹ̫ү
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ֻҪһᡣȻҧסʺ
ǰΪϽ̫Ǻ󹬹Ĵbossû뵽bossԭ
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˿թЦݡɵöӣǼҪˡ
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һͶ齵ķΪʱÿ඼Ǵϵġȴûಢûϡ
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е㴭Ϣ齶洩һ̧ͷȥһڵϡȲ濪ֱֱڵϣҲŵӣ
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Ķ٤Ļ档оˣֱʱΪ˸ġ
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336ϣĸ

Ȼ̫үϲģ˵ΪͺãԲŽٳ
ӣȵɣǺǽ裬ƽʱ컹ûأūŸȥõġ
ʱﻹһ룬ϻС롣
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ǽȴʵһѪĺöȻȲϰҲõġ
ոҲȵɣȣɫôõġ
˵ţȴѾװһǰ
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ʱݺݵүܼӣⰢʱݳƷϹҵġүȴһ飬ȻôȻúá
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ȻԼͷȴͷʱ򿴼ңȷʵеݻơ
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౧ɣţСɣſֱЦӤĹ۰Ͱ͵Ŀࡣ

337Ůˣһ

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Ƕʱ̫ҲˣͬʱҲүϢ
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̫εҡͷһЩŮôˣûһǹӺ޾ˡ
쿴ϵӣ˺ܶ࣬ʱ򣬻СһǶȥ˻԰档
ȴһˡ

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ôҪúţ޵ĸˡ
ɲ𣿾Ϊūź̫үһϣ̫Ҫ˻ūţūſģ
ұ֤ԺҲڳ̫үǰ̫ŷūţūŸȥ԰
԰ǰۣūűϳʲôۻȫūūܲˡūŴ߰ɣūһúź
˵ͶߵͷͷײŶۡ
ﲻòˣ⶯Ǳ̫Ϊ˴ĿģҲƴˡ
ˡҪǿƶͷôá
˵̧ͷࡣҲ֪ڵʲô
ȻѾź̫үҲ̫үŮˣôء̫үһ̫ү֣ҲùһūŰ
ţһ֪ϷЦ̫ˡǱϲóͷԵĶȴû֡
ūŲֻ֣ϣԺһֱź̫ү

339ʳˣ

ɲ˵ֵʱ򣬾ֱӴӦ
ֻ˻ɶѣֻҪ뿪ǸĵطȻź̫үԺû֡
Ȼˣô㻹ɨذɣͬҲź̫үˡ
໰һתĶһʱûӦҲ̲סˡ
롣Цūˡ
ЦŷӦǱˣˣǲܷ飬¡
ū֪ūűֱŵģȻô˵ˣūžź̫үҲһ
˵һᡣ̾ⶬҪִõӰ󡣾˵Ϸװίװ޹ܵС
ȻѾ֪˶ļıҲһϷοҪСȥκԡҲ䶺ˡ
㿴ִģƼ䣬治֪Լ˭ˡ
Ը̫ҲҪԼûǸ¼Ԧҡ
Ұλ浱ɵԼ鷳
ҲôȰ㣬߱ҵע⣬ΪҲǺǵġ֪𣿡
˵꣬뿪ˣȴˡ
ߣһūֶ̫үĴΪԼˡֻɫ̫үҪ濴ϣǲϹۡޡ
߱үūˣǰһϣһ󻹲һүˡ
ߺ󣬶ڵϾþδվΧūŶָָ㣬̣ȫȻš
ָѾĿ۽ȴоۡǴδйĺݶﰵġ
һ죬ܵ裬һһȥ̫ϣϡЩū飬Լָָˡ
ġ
Ϸˣ˶ҪԺӣô죿
굣ĵ˵ر裬гһķ֦ͷ϶ġ
ѽͱˣҪӡҲҪܰĹµūŵӲС
˵ĻҲס˺ľ档̫컹ôɶᱻЩɫǴĥ
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ȷȷʵʵ̨ǴҲʧأүҲһˡ
̫үĿǰ̨Ѿ˳ǷҪ׷
һȫǴ׵Ľͳ졣
үһɫף׵үӢˣ׳õү䣬ͦΣһ˹ȥʵү̫ˡ
Ī׷Щʱգ̨ȥǱʦس
ү֪ȷʵʿȴʧأսˣȻѾռˣôǻȻؾǡ
ǣȥš
ػǺwѪжһսֻɱʹ졣
ǵĴǺõģڻȥʱ򣬻ǳˡ
ڵ̫ӸԺŮһ붼СԺ̫ҲˡҲǲŵõϢӴӸϹ֪׷ʲô£
ҽôˣ
̫ʵ
ֻ£Ĳ԰סһǻк඼ҪΪˡ
ҽջ֣Ŷ̫˵̫ĺӿ±סˡ
ҽ̾ǰʱ俴úõģôôˡ
ʲôûˣǵôˣ
̫ܾȣȻм¶ѣˡԭҲ֪
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ҽʰöȥЩ²ҩ
ŵ£ʱ۾ȻҽĻĺûˣ̫үĺûˡ
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Թҵʱ㣬㱻У㱨ңúݶ
ۣޣ޺Լ֡
ѵ㡣ΪʲôҪ㣬ô㣬ʳסȫԼģҸûиκ㡣
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㣬ǻ˭
ô֪
ﰵ룬ûϲ㣬˭֪˭֡
Ǿ㡱
£ָһתֱתԱߵ̫
˵Ķԣ־塱

340֣ĸ

ΪҪ㣿
̫ǰ¡һҷûκĵ¡
㣬ǳ͵ĲҩŻģһ㣬̫үһҪ̫ү㺦ҵĺӡ
ۣ԰ףټϸո˶ֻܿڼŵĻ
ĪҪ˵ҩĿǺõġ̫Զҽ˵
áҽҲ⣬˽ҩóһ֪ǲǱġ
ҽ̫Ļ˹µͬ⣬ūҲҩġ
Ҳ̫µһڡ
̫ûκ⣬Ѫá
ҽĻ̫һﱻ˶ֽţôƺҲϴ塣
ҽСʲôԭ򣿡
̫ʵҲ֪ʲôԭ
Ϊʳ¸кղĸӪʹ̥䡣
ҽԼ֪ģȫ˵ֻĻ¸⡣
ģÿٶԵļḻÿ춼⣬ôûӪ˵
²ԼһǱݺġ
̫ȻѾ֪ԭҲ·ȥ
ȻѾҵˣҽӰɣ˶ȥɣ
̫ѾˣȻᷴԣȫظԺӣЩûļҲͲˡ
ڻȥʱܸоСΣԿ϶Ϊġ
Ҳá˭ôߡϦ˵ģлǼĵ¡
ܸоԣҵ˵ÿ춼⣬ɹ壬Ҷ֪Ҫ¡ȥŷʣĳʳ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôǵԼеʱ򡣾ʳ֮ҪʶˡǲҪˡ
˵ʳ˼
ڻȷȥŷʡôżҪֻûзֵʱҵ֣֪ԼǰǱ˭ˡ
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ӻ¡ʡ
ʵʱҪʣСĴݾߡ
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̫ųΪǴΣǻûأξ¡ԼԼġ
߾ԼҶϡȻҶҲ޹£ȴûеıãôֻʣ½ϣСϣϣ͸ϡ
໹治˵½µļʲûӵģ벻ôܵļƻ
ôСпܣϾˣԼĺӳҲпܣǶԼǴξûˣʱҲŽ˶û죬ôܶ֡
ʣµˣ඼ɣǸϺͽϡ˿ǰƵġһӣҲ˷ɾ衣
ջصԺãͻˡ
ô𣿡żżʵ
ӣˡÿ֮⣬һÿ춼У峴ǳ⣬ҪôǺһԡΪ˴󲹣һԡ
ЩģȻǵ˵Ĳܴݾߣ˵ҪˣôԺá
ŷһС̫ͽĳԷ
ֲ

ӿԭ򡣡ĲţԵĻ
ⲻͬһԣҵһųԣǻжģоǺܲ⣬ͬʳġ벻Ҫ
סˡ
ֻһԵľ˾ͻжοֳ˺ں⡣Ҫء
Ǹô죬ҪҪֱӸ̫ץ
ﺦ£δ֪Σ˶кֱܡ
Уû֤ݡֱӾܾŷūϤȥȥ
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ǡ
Ѳһץס֡
һӰһһŮ
¿ɲڼˣūŷֶԺȥŷ͵͵ѯˡ
ӵ
Ҽ֪ǮԶ߸߷ɣҪٻˡ
һŮӵֻŮӿѹϳ
⻰
ѾǰǷСŮѲ룬ָÿ

341ԭӦһ

˵ǣ˵ǡӴŮнӹһ󣬱򿪷ţ̽ͷ̽ԵĴӺ뿪ˡŮҲųˣصһԺ
ˣһŮǰŮӿеӡ
ӷģūѾźˣ˾֮󣬾Ҳճ
˵ŮһĨӵĶ
ܺáһŮֻǵ˵֡ŮӾ뿪ˡ
ڶ֪һգС̫ʧˡ
ӲˡŻŵܽԺֱȥ
ʱϣϢһ䲻˴ʱ֪Լֳһ
ӲˣС̫ʧˡ
ԼҲܿգӺٷԸԼ£úõһȻûɡ
ūŲáҪūȥ˵Ѿ׽ס̫ˡ
ʧ˵š
û£ӦòµģҴˡ
Ȼʧûн׽סҲΣҪ飬ôͲӵĻᡣ
ˣһξеڶΣ˻ǻᶯֵģʱһŹ
ãһүŮӣҪΪʲôרи֡
ڿôĻˣھһƥϾǼ۶ȥ

ǬǰӺүΪүʱȥֳֳ
شǰһСʿСǰ
үֳ̫үԭ˯ѣȫһʿִͬ˵󡣻һЩ΢һĸоѡҽѾҲҪδԭ򡣡
СʿսרŴϢģҲʱ˯ŴʿŻ²ֹģ˯ģѵġ
ʲôôأ콫̫ҽԺһ̫ҽȫȥȫ̫үҪ̫ӰȻҪǵ
ӺүŭˣǺܿүġʱүܳ£߾ͻϮСҡǴ
үϢŭ̫֮ӣ커ӡ
µĴ󳼹һأȻүˡ
ܿϢʹ֮䣬е㴫龩ǵ˼Ӻүּ͸¶ȥϢǴȥˡ
֪ϢԹ˵ġ
սϢ̫үͻȻԲѣ̫ҽ޲ߣʿҲִ˵үѾ̫ҽԺһ̫ҽǰȥ̫үҪ̫ү밲ء
ɫţүûдȥսչǰԺ̫ү£ȴ֪ô졣

϶Ĳ豭أȴȻֻ֪˵үԲѣΪʲôԲѣѵүˣô룬Ҳôʳˡ
̫үΪʲôԲѣ
ŵʿ˵̫үδˣͻȻԵġ
ǲʶˣȴѲѵжֳ̫ү
Ѿʼ״ˣүĳˣôҪô졣
ѾϰүίҪү壬ˣҪүιҩӣûү»ȥҲûˡ
үԼŴΨһ
ûж̫ҽѾ̫үеȫԼʳʿҲ֢״ͷĿѣŻ²ֹѣصľ̫үһֱε
ղЩ֢״ûͬ˵һ˵ɫļŹ֡
ǽ£ôү˸ԭӦ
ִʱдȥϵʱΪصĺθߣ˸߷ҺõʱƿŰȻ
үԭӦûҩĻôүܻΪȱ
ǵòĻүȥֳȥԽߴߣ߷Խǿҡ
̫үȥǲ
Ҳ񹫹ȥģֱӿʼ֡Ҳ⣬ֱӻش
ǵġ
֪ˣҪȥүʲô취
뵽Ҫү͵ȥһǰѧģ׾٣ڹŴޣֻܵռҪռáȥ˾ͱɿˡ

һʱû㶮үʲôá
ʲôзӾ̫үֻȥС
ûķۣǰôûзôġ
һа취үȻģү̫ܡ
ҪҲҪͨο̫ӸһСС
еѡ
ɣұү
ҪүͬȥҪүռĹߣҪҵ̣ռ

342ʥ

ǡǡ񼱵ץ࣬ûжȥ
ˣҹҪҪƣūûС
¸ˣǰǹ١ܴӽ̫Ҳͷء
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ͷˣһͬԺȥˡ
ӣ
Ժ
ôˣ̫үΣڵϦҲǹϢġɡ
̫ͷʹĶͷǰүûһ簡ôڻػԲأ
̫빬
һֱ˵Ŀģ밲ˡ
̫ɻĿ࣬᲻ڶԺ̫үû¡ȴǸʲôأ
֪̫ɻҲֱ˵ԼĴ㡣
̫үԲѣа취Σǳ檱ȥսһˣһЩƷҪү׼̫檽
Ȼ̫˵ǿҲѡѵа취а취ͱ
ǣ㱾Ҳϰ
ȥͳɡ
֪һӦԼģϾүӡ
ðɡھ߰ɡ
̫ɲϣ̫ү£߰ɶûгء
˽˹ֱȥٿٿļ٣үԲѵʱ򣬲˹ȥڲŻ
ﰲ
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Сϲ飬һЩ֮顣Ҳ֪һ¡̫үֲʵ㲡һָԭӦ
ڵƽϸߵĵطͻһЩӦѣΣƵ֢״صͻʣʱҪʱſԡ
̫үҲһҵʱ䣬ڸϽҽλеΣҪˣһжˡ
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˵ģȻʲôʲôԭӦûѣ˵еҽŽȥ̫үϡ
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˵
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ľԴģɱм£ں漱ֱš״ðűɱͷķգֱӱס˵
ǿȥ
״ֱŶ룬ûзӦѾȥˡ
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ѵ֪ʲôֵù
ȻӺүûб飬˴֪ںܲˡ
檳ײʥϣ֪ǳҪʥϡȻڵϣȴֱӺү̫򶼹󡣹ڵϡ
к£Ҫ
ӺүˣԼΪ֮£ýͷöʱȴҡ
Ϊ̫ӻһ£зӾ̫ӡ
ȫĴ󳼶ȵĿ̫ҽԺûа취а취
ĪҪЦ̫ҽԺû취ôа취ͬɻĻӺү
ϡ̫ǳ檵׶ӡ檻Ц𣿡
ӺүʧԼһȡֵĸ
ӺүҲԼĴǣֿʧ񣬲ɵƿԼĿ⣬ǺͿ̫ʲôˡ
кΰ취Ӻү˳
˵ȻӺүʧԼӵܵ顣
ǣ̫үΪشιߣµһϵзӦ

343ֳ

ཫղŶĻظһ顣
ڳȴһ£Ǹûֲ
ϣ֪۾ҪͷġӺүȻҲš
ūףūԸͷǾͲ̫үūԸ̫ͬү
ôģûүڹŴʲôʱСһｻչˣԼȥү
ϳžԡһͷ׵վ˵
ԺУΪʲôʻ
΢ϳҿһҽ羰˵˵ڵƽϸߵĵطʱֶȻһѣΣ̫үӦصġҲ˵һָԭӦ
ϳͿһʱû˵Ҫʲôֶϳδţδ
һ˵ǣ̫ҽԺԺж˵ˣôͰ˾Ųʮˡ
ūа취ɥˣΪǶû˵ھȻ˻ᣬ̫үоˡ
Ҳܲ죬ȻⱾ飬һ֪ôпǰҲִ˴ԽⱾ顣
ϣа취Ӻүˡ
ǣūа취ҪһЩоūҪȥһΪѴ档
ཫԼĴӺү
ҪʲôӺүʡ
ūҪһֹߣūžͻūŻҪһж̣Ȼ̿ʽڣɫ޶ηĩɫб壬ˮ
Ҳ֪ûУϣӺүҵ
΢ڱ˵ʣһֺɫˮܽⲻˡ
ִƱĴ󳼣Ҳ俴ġ
̫ˣūŻϾߣūźʵһΡ
࿪ˣүоˣӺүּռཫռװͼ㻭ʮһûвʱȡ
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ƿӴһֱͨˮ࿴ˮݲʱ֪Լɹˡ
ϣô
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ʱӺү̫ԺжڳֻŪŪȥȴǸʲô
ɹˣĳɹˣϻ뽫װøϽȥսūҲС
ȥ¿򵥣ĸҲֻ֪
ͻȻǰ
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ӣǲẦӵġ
չ˺ǡ
֤ϲ˵ȥӵġӦñ
лүūͳ絽
໰һתֱӶӺү˵
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үϳҲȥȥԡ⽫Ӧüȥ飬Ա˲ġ
Ժһҽι֢Ҳֻ˵
ãˡӺүҲ˲Ҫдಡ֢
磬һͬ˾ǣԺԼûʱ
һҹ̣ڵڶҹִ
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һ׵Сʿס˵ȥ·ԼԼԿСʿ󷽲ԶӪʡ
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ЩСʿô˵ͨ
ϽߣҪȻСүͨͨץˡ
СʿĽˣˡ˵
ԭŮ̫ҽС۲ʶ̩ɽ̫ҽ˿
Сʿ˵ţÿ·ͨ
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ȴͳ콫һɫջ䡣
ͳźö̧֮ͷ׼ȥȴֱĿţ˲׹ˡ
⻰
濪Ű׼үһʧ䡣ȻమɱСŮǸ㽨飬үʧĺأʧĺá

344ȻһЦӡУһ

ͨŻҪҪƵģ΢õľͬ
ͳ˵žͽó࿴ӹƵơ˼ķҧҧȻҧ
ҵģ⾹ȻǴģ۾˸Ŵġ$š
ĸͳֱһѶơ˽˵ĸоү˴ģܶʧˣҪȻɾɱͷĴ
಻ĵһ۸ͳ죬Сһ¶
ţǸǲǸˡ
ͳǸˬ̰Ķ
ȻԼҪȥүġҲŸͳӡߣүˡ͸Լһġ
ǰ˲ֱһʿסͳȡƣŷͨС
ȵӪأҲôǣֱӴһװһʿʿӦõȼܸߵ㣬ӦǸȷ档
λС̫үӪôߣ
סСȷתȴһʮꡣòĵ
κѲߣͻȻһֻСġκɻӪаˡӴĶˣһ֪֮˶ӪصˣһŮӡ
κתȥһֻؿڳСһ˫۾ȻϾƣȴûӰ쵽鶯С￴ҲʮӰɣɲ֪ΪӪ
ǲŮӽģ߰ɣǧܱ˷ˡ
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˭ӵһء
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Сǻ̫үļġȥ̫ү֪ˡ
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κЩԥˣ಻ǻˣ̫үҲľˣðսİ˴̫үӪʡ
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٣С˧ôء˵ԼүģѵڹŴ˾ûοԡ
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С̫үģϵĸͳỹءⲻż𡣾Լˡ
룬ܸ˰ɣ
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΢κجج
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תҹգͣһҿӣʾȥ
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һ˲ʲôӦо·ߣֲүʱûʲô£ȴڻȥʱˡ
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˼ȻһԼȾүģôﵢʱˡ
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үˣݵүĹͷ˵үôܲݣԴʹȥ֮Ҳֻιүһˮʲôģүȫʲȥ
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үǰ㻤ңչңչүү
үһǣ뿪үϣ׼ˡ
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347ԭ֮ƣ

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Ժ¾͸ˣΪ˽߷Ҳˣһ֪˲ĺЩ
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˵ˣ̫үⲢǲһ巴Ӧڵشϸߵ֮ʱͻַӦ
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࣬Ҳܴڴϣʮʱпܻ£үôġ

348鳷ˣһ

ү˵Ŀ⣬಻ȵĴ֪үʮܣҲүܡ
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үʵఴĦһֱ͵͵ںףжأԼ֪Źˣһǿ϶ġ
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351սһһ

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352׷

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үûа취ֻһˣ̨ȴ˰ˣֻͼв̨ʱ䣬ð
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СˣҪҪᱣסһ
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Һڣ̨Ҵ̫ӡ
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354ʬһ

ү˵εȴ̨УҿֻΡ
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үūһġ
үΪʲôôʣôֲԼ
أǲˡǲǻûѣү͹ȥ
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ӱߵʱ򣬺ѻż˵̺ʽĴ̣ɾ֣ǶϺˣûࡣ
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355ǣӣ

˵ʧ֮ҩûС΢һִԴ˼䣬һЩ䡣
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356̷Ůʿ

磬⻹ʲô𣿵ˣſڰտźȾƵүſžô˯ˡ
һʱȴǱѵģΪоԼ¶ۣۣۣҲۡ𣬲ǱɹүôҲʹ
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ʵڿģʱҲе㾪ȣܾԼŮˣҲ֪õǸӵĻƷ

357ݣݣһ

裬ˡǼˣֹҲֹס
裬̷裿СþͬҽԺ̷οһŮǿˣϰ棬ÿ̨ĳɹڰٷ֮ʮˡȻʮˣ˼һᱣҲʮ߰ӡ
Ǹû̷ӣôܳһôĹŮ
ôһʣԼҪʲô
裬ȰҰסԺѽˣҪҽԺҪҸϳȥˡ
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˵ʵһεĸֻ˲ϲѡ
裬˾ԺҲȥסԺѽ˰ɡ
ɲϲѹˣ˵֧裬Сʿ
ˣȥסԺѽˣȥԵģȺúϢ
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ǸСоþǰɣҽࡣǿԽࡱ
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裬ûµģһҲκ̺۵ġ
ͷ̣ǲģͬС˵ݾͳˡĵүԼݺȥˣүʶԼô졣
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ʱ򣬷ĹװԼΣҲֲ֣ƽʱǺϲЩģǼҲм·ΡѧУġ
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Ūķ飬ۺ󹬻ǸԺҪŷ飬Ϊ˺ܴȱٶµˣŻһ飬ˣ汣Լ
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ȵӦþǻϻʺ̫Ϊ̫ѾҲͲȥˣ߻ʺҲȥԳһһ磬λӸҪȥǬ幬밲꣬ȻͻһԷ

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һ̫͵֮ǰƶչ˸ߺ֮һΪүǻأһӺүúõλ档
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ӺүʱȻҪ˵䡣ҲҪүԺһ֮Դǡ
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үصņʱ̫ѾˣֻûүǰǺ
үֱӵǰһЩˮ͸㣬Ϊһ춼ûôԶֶ
үԳԺȺȵʱһֱΧүүһˡүͦʺϴɫġɫõүӷˡ
ǹӣ͸Ƿ信Ũܵüë𣬳΢Ľë£һ˫ıӣûյĳ磬ȴԵÿҰаԸС
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363׼һ

˵ү޲ֱ˵κʵֻܸɿš
ү㷹֮󣬾ϷϸоԼģȱʲôɾǲ֪Լȴʲô
̫үȥ̫
վүϣ״ͷʵ
үҡҡͷȥˣȥ̫һҲˣͲȥˣ̫Ϣ
үͷĳñժԷϣ۾Ķ顣
ǳһ˿΢Цȴ룬ɶ鶨Ȼˡ
ǸΪʲô뵽и˻ϲɶ飬ȴ벻Ǹ˭үʹĶͷԼͿˡ
үժ³ñʱȷʵҲһֱĶ飬ǸöƯֵǮ뽫ժ
ﰵš
̫үôˡﲻòūȥ̫ҽ
ձ뿪ȴүͷʹӣɵĵĵ
û¡ү򵥵ֻӦ֮봲齣¶ԡ
ȻҲүĲԾ˱үñǿŴ飬ƮүĴϡ
εҡҡͷ뿪֮Ҳûм̫үЦˣ̫үܺٵʲôó˹֮ʲôҲĮˡ
̫үҲԸûа취Υּ̫ܲүȥΪӡ
̾ת뿪ǰȥˡ
ϴ֮󣬾үϣү۾Ϣ
үˣȴ˵Ŀ׷үŮ٣үҪѳסˡҪȻһͰ˦ˡ
ָָүıӣ˵ԺһȺŮ˺үˣү̫ӣԼôǲǻиŮǰͺأ
ʧţ֪үܲܿƵס֪үһᰮϱˡΪүһֱиӰӡ
үˣһѾ΢ҲԼƣԼѽүĻ·ǰүһ
Ҳ϶Լÿ϶ᵽŴصִֻΪʲô໹޷ͣΪҲ֪
ΪүϢˣûͬ˵Ҳ뿪үߣһֱ۾Ϳү
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ڶ۾۵İɫǽڣʾ໹ҽԺôϣԼһͻص˶ԺصǸɷкӵĵط
Ůˣˡ˺óʱġ
̷߽ܿһɫʺСലߣıºзǰȻߵյůֱ
ԼҽԺ˼죬оԼöˣԼˣҪԺǲеġ
лл裡Ц
ɵӻأȰɣм̨㡣Ҵ绰ְˣչ㡣
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Եģ裬СŮСŮĻ⣬ְ಻ʰ
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ȻˡǾġֻţУҲңְ֣֪𣿡
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þðʲôʱܳԺ
ජڱϼ¼ݵľþãҪֱ裬豣׼ס²Ż뿪
࣬찡ųԺһˣҪסһ²У
þýʲԼĿڴӼҸ£ҡҡͷþҲͬϤˣ˵Ҳ󵨶ˡ
죬ôһأоԼںöˣҪȥȡء
Ǿþã֪ԣ𣿡ֻ֪ԣǬ¡үĹ֪
֪ԣʲôþҡҡͷֲѧʷġЩ϶֪
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þ뿪иһֻšóֻϰٶȲѯ
ʱ䣬Ҫó׼õʱһٳɹû׼͵ԣ꣬Ƕ

364үҪ죨

ʱ׼йȥصִĵ죬ӭ
ڱƽҵʱ໹ĵ˺ܳʱ䣬ԼǸòүʶԼô죬Լû취ݳɹô죬˺ֿܶܣҩעһ˲䣬ɢԺС
ʶʱѾҽ˵ܳɹġ
ජžľˣôܷĵ¡
࣬ҪǳҽģҽԺ˧ҽġɲŮ԰ͽķŻضӡ
СЦĿ࣬ͷ۾ǿף©ˣĵطȫסˡ
ǰǰҽǵʱûм
þʱһ̬Сˣȡ֮Ļա
ĺ޲˿Դ浽ʲôҩˣôǸƨҽ
˵ˣʱӦô˵ҽȥˡ
˧˵ĳҽûмҼǴſ֣ųĻʿҽŮҶֲ壬ܿĳ˧˧
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СþεЦЦʰĶת뿪ڳȥ֮ǰ໹С˵Ǹҽ۾Ƕô䡣촽ǶôԸС
Цߣү۾Ư촽ԸУү촽ԸСүǲŽһ˧
ʲôҽҲһСЩ֪СŮٲõĽ౻Լ仰žžֻѾǺܾúܾ֮ˡ
ҪĿľ˯ȻԼҲ˯Ȼţ˰ر׷
ɼţǰϡԼȥ֮СӡǽһѰ
ӲǽһϣʱүҲڱԺΪ˵ڻûпʱ仹磬үǰԺϢҲ֪ȥˣСкŮʷСϿ˴󰢸ġֻȡ
оСʱպѲҲѲ⺢Ӹû˶ҲͦġֻΪʷҲȫοˣСϻҲ˵ء
ҹһүߡͬʱڵĻСϡ
죬˵ôôô׾ˡ
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µӣ̫үչػһҪպλᣬ˵λݡ
񵱳ľһ´󰢸ŵλݣҲһ磬̫үȴûдּ⡣ҲˡһͬڶԺš
ֻҪõ̫үĳ谮Բ⣬ôǲǾͿԸš뵽ţСϸˡ
ȴǺ졣Сϻлҹү뵽С϶һˣ˼ҺӶˡ
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˼˵ĶûͣӦһ˵ĶүһֱȾƣЩֻСһˡ
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үأޱСҪʱүʵ̲סˡһƿСϡ
Ҳ֪Լôˣڻᣬ˾г嶯ÿЩ檵Ժһһֲĸоÿֻ뿪ˡ
ΪԼˣɻĲţֻ˽ԡ
˲˸ղһĻ
Ʈڿе࣬үƿСϣϵɫźõ㡣ڿǺ͸Լ͸״ӡʲô¶
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Сϱүôһɫѿˣ̫үȴһ
¡үҪ͵ʱ洫
үū
үûоôöΪ֪ҪôСϽͣΪ˼Ĳûд
ɣ

365̱ð桱

үæ
ҲҿϾүŮ˵ֻһūţ󡣾ֻүһ˫š
̫үԺĹ϶˵Ӳʣүȥ
϶Ƕˡ
үٿһԺһ˶֪үѾǺܶණүǰߡ
˵Լûй̫ү˵ڼȻѾ̫үŮˣ̫ӲҪʹŶĺһͬȥ˵ˣʱ޵һ滨ģүȻԶûи飬Ƕںǲĵ˾͸һ檣סԺ
ˣ֪ȥүڰʾȥȻŻͷȥСϡ
Ȼ϶岻ʣ¹ȥϢɣҪٵүˡ
ү˵뿪ˣȻϣ֮ǰСϵƲһۣСҪˣᡣ
ɾ뿪֮ʱŷӦ˵Ĺ϶ϵ˭
ѵԼڵ⼸үиŮ˺ӣ
뵽ߺߵǶүһȭߣ֪۵Ʈүǰ˼ҵûһ뿪Ժ
ⱱԺԺҲԶո͵ˡڵ뿴ʲôˣȻү
үһԺĿȥԺﵽͦģĶԺй֮ĿǰΪֹҲǵһԺݺ᷿ɣ᷿ס½ϣ᷿סŹ϶ϡ
ūŸ̫ү밲
᷿ūŶ밲½Ҳڡү֮ǰǻģǾ͵ӭӡ
ɣ˵϶岻أ
үȥȴ϶ϡе㲻ˣ϶ϵļԽԽˡ
̫үҼҹεء
ұһŮǰһүǰ͵ǹ϶ϵŮ澴ɣרź϶ϵġ
үȻϲ϶ϣѾˣͽȥɡ
뵽⣬үֱӳ᷿ȥߵ½ȻЩʧ䣬ҲԤ֮СҲǶôܡү᷿Ŵоȥˡ
̫ү𣿿ҳȥ
үһݣݴһŮǵеɤ˵ġִĻ˵װǡ
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үһˣֱˣҪģҲȥ͸ȣֻڵȴڼ䣬洫΢ײⲻ滯ױɣ
чRҲֻһյĹ򣬾ûˣһ㶯ҲûСˡ̱ð棬ǧʼ
浱Լ񻷰Ҫ׼
ֲˬʱڴŲĶ棬Ҫ񻷡˭
ٿ˵ʱһĲǱǱڻ԰ϷˣһĶüһ汻ͷˣЩ¡ൽСˡ
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ɣ˺Ӿͺúð̥Щʱˡ
үʵԴеŮӡͦõģˣŮ˶쾭һһ١ִɳϲġ
̫үһ·˰ɣЪū
Ӧǹ϶ϲŶԡ϶ֱүԱߣȴ˵źûϵĻ⡣
үһ⻰ʱͺˣģǺү˯ǰɣүﰵš
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Ȼ£»Ҫ´Ϣɣү˵ֱתȥָƮ˳ȥ
үֱȥĿĵǶԺÿʱֻҪ˶Ժ˲ƽܶࡣҲ֪ΪʲôֻǱܵȥҲпǿԼĺӵԭɡ
үԺߵСԺתսǣֵ˱ԺΪүҪȥСϵʱүֱ߹Ժţͣһ˿ûУ
ֱԺſڣүפͣվſڳһᣬȻ߽Ժš
ʱĶԺνַǷʲôСһµĶǼɹ
޵ģЦģеģҳһࡣҶԺҲֳɽɣһǰǰźģһźġ
ڶߵֺ͹Ů̫࣬ǿӣүŵģ̫ŵģСԼˣ滹Ժġ

366ҳһĶԺһ

һߵūŲô򽻵չǵİ磬չǵĸ񣬰硣ˮˮ
סһԺôܲ໥ǣأͱ
Ҳ֪ôģʹ˹Խˣֱܵǰ᷿ˣҸɣŵģҲ֪᷿סһλ¿ˣֱ˽ȥ
ʿͣ͵ͶڴȮƣèƶڶԺ˴ˣҲһ궯ˡ
ͻȻס᷿ŵĹŮ̫࣬ԼʧС
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չ˶磬Ů̫Ǽȥ˵ⲻ߾ͳˡ
һ˵ĹŵСˣһ˵ŵСӵЩūţɺͶûϵǹ˵˵һʱ֮䳳һࡣ
ڴ֮䣬ףСֱӴܽ˸ɣŵӡ
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үʱͿǰĳ棬һʱүɵˡɵˡ
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꼱æ͡
ūţ̫үûʣԿڣǲǲ̫Ӹȥˡ
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ǿ̧ͷֱүǼѾˣʬǶûҵھȻĨһйӵģᶼǼ֪ˣöѹ
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ۡүͻȻͷ֪ΪʲôֻҪһ뵽Щͷͺʹʲôһ
̫ү˴̫ҽ񽹼Ķ󺰣ŵ˶һһҲˣ֪үôˣǾԺԼйϵ
үͷʹ̣ԱƮҲż֪үôö˶˵ľͷۣھģæҲû취
ΪԽԽʹүֻܷе뷨ȥеǸӰͷҲˡ
û¡үĿһϢһᣬ۾ͷ·ղʲôҲûһǶͷϵĺ飬ʾղŵһʵʵġ
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̫үҪ˺簡Ӧɱֺֿ
´ȥ˵һ䣬ټӶʮ
үκ˵ԺĶãһСΪʲôɾǲ

367ԼҺӾõģ

֪ԺֻʱүûЩͨͨͳȥľٶֻװһֻ۱һֻۡ
̫үū֪ˡ
ߵִģүȴţתȥˡ
ȥڿ˸ɣź³ȥʱɣźͶĿģȴ³ֵĽ͡ү֪׼ִ³Աߵȥˡ
걧үСС۵ĸɣ©ΥЦݣ·ĵҲֻСһˡ
ɣڿүʱµĶүſүɣŻ׸ɣŵС
ſڵϵֻǸоԼʧˣһСžͲˣڿүǷصľ
үֻǵĿֻһֻۣˣſڵϺߺֱУ˵ÿ£ˡ
࿴Цǽһ˵ڣʵһ˰⻰˵һ㶼û
˵ԸСҲرˡһӰ˵Сèࡣ
ǴȥԺ󿴺ˡûܳ
үĶԸӦ󣬾˴ֻ뿪ˡ
ڶߺүֶŸɣױٸ߸ߣŮ˺һᣬүŷ¸ɣŸǣǺұŮ˯
Լȥȥ³³һү˷ܵſˮ󱧱үĽ³Զ㡣
һĻԼֶӱƽƮүǰĶү˵
үǲԵģôҲĶӣԴĵġ
Ķүһͨ˵̡үֱӴﴩȥ
εתԼұСĶ˵㿴ʵǰﲻˣ˭㲻һŮءٿãǺֱһġȻɹΪѹû˿ĵ
Լ˵͸߸˵ĸүƮȥˡ
Ҫ³ǻ˵ˡһѹôôİͶһĺӣ겻۶ﲻʲô
ү뿪Ͱһ㲻ԺȻ߸˵ȥ֡
ү³֮ȥ᷿˸µĶ硣
࿴ʱ򣬱ﲻɵһţ糤Ҳû³ĺÿ
۾ĺţ۾еһȣаһкƤôף϶ÿ
ʵ˼Ҷ糤ͦɰģֻÿĸ׵Ķһ֣ôԼҺӳõˡ
ү˯Ķ֮ͶŶ˵
չ˺ö硱֮ˡүһ·ԣҲֻǸү󣬲ү˵
͵Ժȥչһʱɣ
ǡӦүүΪʲôôֻҪִС
үֻǾöԺﻹԭЩźõ㣬Ҫסȥġ
ҲͷûûߵĺãԺӿ˱Ů˵ĺӡ
үһ·ƮƮصǰԺүҲûȥԺԼǰԺˡ
Ȼүһڶһ磬үϳȥȥ˶ԺǶˣʱԺ˻֣ǷʲôˣС¹ȥϴľȻǶ类ȥԺˡɸ˻˶Ժˡ
Ժվ̫
ūŸ̫밲
񹫹𣬲֪ôǲ̫үʲôԸ̫ɻ󲻽⣬ôģˡǾǿɶˡ
̫̫үūŽˣ˵鷳̫Ƚһʱ䡣
ЦЦԼĿֱ˵ˡ
̫Ŀ¶Ŀ¶ɫ̫ôŶ磬ҪһĶҲкܶѡΪȻǸ񣬿Ҳ϶ôԼ
Ҳ⺢ܹ鲻ġ󳤴뷨ˣԼ˵Ҳǣ˵Ҳǣ¾ǣǾ͸ˡ
Ǹͨ͸ˡȻ̫˼ЦЦο
̫ģ̫үֻ˵öԺסһʱѡ
ŶȻˣȥŰɣ
̫˼ֻ̫һʱ䣬ӸҲСҲԸ⣬ֻһСӶѡԸһʱġ
ūž͸ˡȻ̫´ˣҲţϾүĺԺ
ߺ󣬴ٲ⡰̫үôͻȻ
̫ү뷨ô֪ҲϹˣչ˺þͳˡ̫ĿڡҲֻ¡

368У

СҲյϢΪûү֮»أڶָӱȥԺˣܲ
ڶԺôĶͻԼÿүȥԺ󰢸˳ҲͿ˶硣
һȥԺ˵Ķͳ̫̫үһҲͳһʮȥԺӳˡ
޴Ҷ˵ٴˡڶԺúչ˶ͳɣû¶ŵ㶫ԺˣǻȥǳܡΪ˭
С˶ֵ˶ڶǰСϿɲˣ˺֮󣬾㲻Ϊ˺ӣҲòȥȥ
ūҲǶԺǼ칷ͻȻܽҪ˺ǼҶ磬ⲻūǲȥô
֪ǻӲŲӲϴͼӴ׵ĽŴˡ
Ƕûˣ
СһйҪ˺Ҷ磬ǻˡˡ
ûУūǷּʱ˳ȥ
ǣһСϵɫ֪ûˣСĶء
˶ˣŪ칷ˣǻ
С̱֮ǰ֪Լ࣬Ҳ˼˶磬û̧λݲ˵Ҳšƴʲôͬ檣ȴλϡ
ʱСֻжԹޣֳԲѻˡ
վСĲϼҡҡͷʾСϽС
ߡСף
̫Ƕ磬ҲأԺиӵأ󳤴ˣܲ׶
ϼǿĳԶοﲻСϡȰǲµʱǶ˳̫ү̫үСʶ壬һСľͿء
˵ġҶףǡ˲ˣĿǰҪó裬гͷصһ졣
Сϱ˵඼ˣүôǲȥԺӣΪּܲ˵
ǣȻ̫ֻҪĵź̫ԼԺ涯ֻ硣֪͵ˣҾ̫үȫඡ
Сϻһתǰߡ
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أ̷ܿÿιʱ඼˯ŪΪȥˡ
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˽̷֧ܿ׼˯ȥүָоҲͦõġϸµĹ۲ү
̷ܿĪıϳܸоĵĶ⣬Сʱȥˣȴûһ˿̷ܿĵĴϵĲϳȥలڴ˯
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˯źãһиооôе㳳֣һ㶼ô
ۣȻԼǰүֵǴġ
츮ҽҼôˣ̫ǰĴżǰҽҽҲͷˮ
ڹŴʱѾˣȣˬϣ⸮ҽȴȵͷǺ
ŷ֣ԼȻԺڵԺƻͨȻʲôˣҽ
ҽûᴺٵѯʣֱԽ٣үǰ
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үšſüڹŴûе˶ϣиӣүȻҲһ
ҽͷĺˮĸˣƮһԵ඼Ĳģ⸮ҽҲǿ˶ŵð麹ˡ
̫Сҽ仰˵ĺˣǾǲҪ̫ڻУүףĸҲס
һԼӾͲãǿǿӣȴֻסһŮӾδزˡ
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ү֪Լôʱ̫壬ֳˡ
̫үס檵ĺӡ
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үԼüͷȻϲ̫Ƕ̫»ͦġΪ̫ҪӡׯͻݣмԴףܹúԺλ̫үͦصġ
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ү̫ͬΪʵ̫ðˣ˵þпһʬ
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ү˼һᣬ̫ҲżôĵšҲŵȴүĻػҪүٰǶͻضԺͻԼĶˡ¼ҹ˵ˡ
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372⣨ĸ

Ҷɵ㶵ĵͷɫϣΪԼˣϾϽԺ൱һ͸ڣҲ谮
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˵̫үǴԺǻӣпܻһ̫үʱʲôֻҪúý̵ͳɣĸںء
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ҲǴʱ𣬾ﶼʢ̫ү谮ϣҹҹȥϵԺҲֻô룬ҲүԼ֪
ҽԺ֮࣬ǳã˷ϲ¾ˬȻҲʲôϲ£Īĸˡ
СʲôʱܳԺ
ڿżĲˣҲŴ˰¶ѣ̫ӸѾ磬үˡȻүϲһһү޶ˡ
ˣôôżأ
СƲһе˷еż࣬ĵ˵
ҽ˵ٹͿԳԺˣ֮ǰȥҽϵһСɴȥС
СĲ֮Ķùˣʾȥݿơ
С£û⣬ھȥȥæɣһ˾Ϳˡ
˵꣬ҿӾҪ´
ͣ´ĽŲ¡Һһȥ
С࣬ôõĻӴҽôء
㲻ǻʿһ㣿
࿴ŻԼ첲ϵС֣ɵʵ
£ⲻҪ㲡СһʾԼ¹
ҿǼ٣ǳҽɣĴСĻԡ
ѽ֪˵˵
С˵˲ӱ໹ż
ǰһҽ֣״ӡôһװһ
ָĺܺãȥע㣬ˡ
ҽӿﴫĵͳֳ嶯ȥժ˵Ŀ֣׳ʲôӡ
ȿȣһλҽͼ죬ɿһ˽ֻ÷λᡣ
Ĳ鲻ԸſڣȴСһյĶǸſֵĳҽ
ιˡſſϵС
ڿҽ˧
СĽֻ۾ɽĶſĳҽ
ſأ㵽ڿʲôˡ
಻аת˫ʹСקžߡСȻ֪ԼʱϰءˣһҽǺãһޱš

375̫İ磨

һֱ׼Ժ£İְΪ˻Ժһ٣רࡣ
ͬ־ԼԵġ㿴ڷҪԼ⹫˾ĵ绰һһĴ򡣡
಻Ŀǰչ˵绰̣͸ְ˵ˡԺʱԼǷҪⲻһСʱֻûϢ
ǿɲУסԺôʱ䣬ְֶûô㣬ԺʱһҪš
ˣˡ˵ţ绰ˣεķְֵۣ뷨ǿڡ
ְĸûʲô
һˣְֱ֤֮󣬾Ժ
˵ž̨ϴϵ¡
ְҲǣҪⶫְҪɵš
̷̲ܿסԹǱԹԼϹ£ǱԹôˣҪҽԺ
ˣˣ߰ɣ
ֺǺǵĹ˵绰߹߳ȥ
վշѴŶӣŰԺһŮҽææ̷ܵܿߡ
̷ΣҺ㻹㣬ȻһиѲѾʸǳʾ̥ƾˣóȻ̥Σգʵû취ⲻ㡣
ŮҽȻһ·񱼵ġûи̷ܿ绰̷ܿȻֻػˣܵѰҡ
ôȥ
̷ܿתŮҽߣȴ뵽Ժġ
裬ûµģְҲأϣԾ
΢Цſ̷ܿΪʱˣƢӲҪ̷ܿҲһ裬Ҳʱ
ǰţȥɣһŮȥ
һ˵
̷ܿͷ첽Ůҽ뿪ˡ
Ҳ˳ԺصԼļҡ
ǸεĸȻϲɽ©ˮȴԣʮ㣬סĵطҲǼõĵضΡ
СǸ涼һСҾűм䡣
Ϊİְ蹤æ˼м̵ģǵʳסС
صҵʱѾಢʶġ
λǳ°̣Ϊ̼£˳°̲ġ°Ůࡱ
һݣ̾˽ܡ
°̺áɵĽе͸˵ְȻطȥˡ
࿪ĵĻصԼķ䣬ĶһȾȻÿ춼ڴɨλöûб䡣
ߵԼĴߣһԼĴ󴲣ʱֻˡóһȻ̷ܿġ
ι衱
ܳɹһŮ绰ﴫ̷ܿƣ
ǲǺ۰á
Ӵüͷ֪ų̂ʱҽҪоУȻʱΣ۵ġ
һ㣬ҪϢһܻȥͰְ־ͲҪˡ
̷ܿЦЦ
õģעϢ
̷ܿͨ绰¥̺Է
¥⼸һֱڳ嵭ģͶûζˣ֪ɲԳԵؿζġ
һǱȽ嵭ģֻߣһûһĳ׷
극ͻطϢˣһ춼ܡһϴͿʼʶģ
峯ʹǳϦҹлүȥϦҹүȻҲڡ
ʱǳϦĸ߳־ơ
ȻȻүЩ˵Ŀꡣ෢̫ûүŵȴǸϺ¡
ѵ̫ڱֿ̥
̫ү΢ƱүһͷĴ󳼣಻ʶ
ү̫Ӳϵʷ͢ԴˣүⱭǱҪȵġ
үƱһҲ˵ʲô顣
̫үʲô£͢ʵ
ǰ̫ӡһĲɵġ
Ӻүӹ͢ĻʣҲ棬үȻүĲԾ
үӺүʣֻվش
ʰ꣬ҲûʲôֻǶʱ̫е㵣Ķѡ
үʵĽԼĵ˵һ㶡ԭ̫ˡֲүĲɵġ⣬ڼеӵү˵Ӧõġ
ʱүͻȻһС̫еһԣ˵˼仰֮۾͵һֻʾС̫£ŵүߡ
̫ү̫ˣİ硣ߵүҲܻˡ˵

377һ꣨һ

֮ʱүȻûʲô仯ȴ֪үǸ˵ġȻүûص˼룬Ƕڶһǻϲġ
ϲ̫ү
Ϊ仰û˽¶ү˵˴֮ед󳼽ˡ
̫үеӣǿǴ£ףء
ãôõӣ̫µӣҴ֮ϲ޾ʹ
ӺүʱҲˣµĺӾͱˣʱġ
ʼҺѽиһ˻Ǵڶʱѡ
ȻһӺүּҲǰ׼õģİӺүսǰ޽еİ
࿴ӺүǶλİ
лʰꡣ
үϯ֮ϵӺү
Ȼүˣô磬һ˰ɡ
Ӻүһߵʱ˵
Ȼ̫ĺӳͱˣɻûأΪүԺкӵŮﲻӺүҲˡ
Ȼ񸮽ѡõơ
ӺүΪӣŮ˵˼ȴ˵еùѡ֡
ÿ¾񸮶׼֣ʱ׼ϴڶʱѾ׼ˡ
ãһʹһ̫࣬һľ̴ӵ߽˵۹֮УӺү
үλıѡ֣
ֻϷֽƬֱдš諡𡱡[谡S
޾á諡͡谡أ
ӺүЩ諡͡谡ֽƬݸҲ˳ֽӹһ۱Ż̫
үȻǺá
ЦӯӯĶӺү˵
Ȼˣôͽ諣ͽ谡
ӺүֱһүĹ˼
Щӵֵûʲô仯б仯ľ˳ͬѡ
ʱų׵ַ߳ǷȴĻ˯濴Ŵ赸ʲôһ㶼ÿ
ǿĽζ
һʱϯҲ׽үӺүԻظȥϾ˼̫˺ӡүڻʹҲǸ£үڵϹ𣬽ֵವϣһ·Ʈ̫Ӹ
һ·Ͽɿ࣬ΪִĶ̿㣬Ϊִ죬Ȼ壬ǻܸܵõȵġ
౻ȸүƮ̫Ӹ֮󣬾ͿʼˡĬĬĽүͷţðźãһиðˡ
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үص̫Ӹֱ֮ȥԺ·ϣɵĴ硣
̫үҪūȥҽŵʵ
ڻ·紵ʵ̫ˣүðǿɾͲˡ
û£ȥİ硣
үڰ֣ʾԼû£үֻ֣ա
Լ졣ſʼүүʹˣôɣ
Ȼô룬ȴûڸˣֻǸϽү
ģǰԺȴİֱչǰԺǸսǡΪȫһ˶̫Ժ
үȥʱøŮ춼ڣ硣
ҲˣΪ캮ضģβûиүһȥʹ
ʹ󰢸绹дһȥˣֻûкүһٿһֱסٿġ
̫ү顱
ŮүʱԹ
ɣ̫ˡүûпЩһֱۣԽŵǰ£ºһԵĸҽ
̫үĸӾ
ҽվֻһĸӾүˣİû£̫Ҳû¡
ãͣȫ¶͡үˣȻ󷽵ʹȫ£Сϣ͹϶ʱûе¡
ҲүʱŴȫ̫˵ȻҲҪһ
ү˵仰ʱСϣͱĹ϶ɫˣѿмʡ
϶ϸֶ֪սֱ۴ޣŷӦ
ôˣ꿴
ĿүĿҪȥ磬ǹ϶ϷԵһ㣬ү˲
϶ϣù²ܱ𣿡
϶үĮУŻعˣոʲô
ģֻǺޣ̫ͬүĺӣΪʲôô˲ŲСŪġ
㿪̫үҲֻʶĶ㿪̫ү硣

378ֵУ

̫үūֻĵģװ꣬Ӧõġ
϶ǰһ뽫Ŵ۾ݸүүȴûȥ֡
Ȼ̫ûˣǶȥϢɣ
үοҲ϶һۣͶԹ϶ϲϲҪǿķϣͽ˶ȥˡ
ϣ϶ϣ½Լչţù·ֶκβԡ¶ǡ
뿪֮ǰү˵һ䡣ŵµҡүŷ뿪
үΪӻǺԼĸһźãŻὫӸչš
뿪֮үȥİ磬Сһ˯ҡΧ󿴿ֿ·ֿԼӲųʱӡ
̫ˣϢɣ¹㡣
үӴߴ̧ͷȥֻ̫һ԰׵ڴϡֲ԰ײʧѪ࣬Ϊ겻ֲ̫԰ס
檹̫ү̫ҲûǿүΪ֪Լģжôѿ
ͬĿһ̫֪̫Ϊ˱סӿ϶˺ܶࡣͺ͵ԼһϣֻŮ˽Ůˡ
ү뿪ԺȻϣʱѾʱʱһʱ򣬴Ŷ࿴ǰŴүǼȵĲƽ⡣
ֱӷɹȥǰ汧סүôԸסԼ塣ǰŵүͻȻоԼʲô͵ıסˣԼǰʲôҲûСָоҲֻһ˲ѡ
ҡҡͷоԼӦˣŲþˣ˼ӿŲصǰԺֱӻطޡ
ڵůڣжôˡ
һӵߣүȴ֪
ڶһ෢ԼûиðɾˣϴԼ˰磬ٵĸðˣξȻûС
ôʱ¥´̵Ľ
࣬׼ˣְֺϰȥˣһǵó͡
̵Ļȡײ
򿪷¥ݿڡ¥µİְ֡
֪ˣǿСġ
ӦǹҲϰˣ˯˯ֱ¥ʱ̻ûϰ࣬ǼΪ˽˿ռ䣬ķ緹ɨ֮ͻȥ
Сֻһ˶ѡ
ӳóֱͣԽĲȥ
һӺɰһţ̣ҵ֮һ
ȥɳ֮ǰȥң˿ؼֽ֮ңϡ
õһţ̣ҰҰ졣
ִ򿪵ĵƵȴǳ겥ŵһЩȻĵط
֡
գӸĵһУӵĵλǲܳеģҲЧ
һŮ΢ЦŲϢֱһͼƬŻǸָۡ
ĿЩۣǽֱƬųȻֹͣ
ƬҲĳطˮĵطǲǵġطĪĳУǲȥҲпܻᴩعŴ
뷨һԣ˸ѿһ԰γ
Ȼ뷨㿪ʼжȥʰԼĶ׼뿪ʱȴͣ˽Ų
ֱܾˣȥĴȥˣôְô죿ԺٻҲ͹ʱ䣬ҲҲزˣôͰְһμ档ôʵľˡ
뵽תԼõŻ˷䣬ֻһǮͳȥˡûҪˣȻҲͼǺúóһ
ŴСĻʱ򣬳°ҲѾˡʰñඪ߰ĿԼԼķ䡣
˼ģôˣȻҪʰ䣬Ƕڼ˵һϲͨǼҴСʱʼͿʼӶķҲҪѧЩ
ɻʱҲմʹʱһСŮʲôҪɣ𣬺÷Ƹˡ˲ٿء
룬ǰĳ°̣е㲻˼
鷳°ˣ˴СͲզ䡣
εĳų°ЦЦ
ûû£ŮӼҵģһ˫ֿǱĺأ򲻵ѻǲҪӴЩ֮Ķ
°е˵ţȫûп˼ŮӼҾӦýš

379뿪

ǳ°ЩҸոģϵʱ򣬻Ҫ鷳°ˡ
첲ʾ°̿ϵĶ
õġ°̽ӹĶֱӷŽΪ˲ż棬ϤһʱҲҲͬԡ
Ǹ°̣Ȼȥ˯ᣬ緹Ҿ
࿴ǰææȥĳ°̣һʱβԣ˼æǰæ󣬶ɵ㶵￴ţôôΡ
УҲźãȥϢɣʱ°һŤûУ˵ҪϢҲû⡣
Ь¥ݿڡֱӻԼķ䡣
ȥҲû˯㽫ıʼǱ򿪣ʼѰʮӳֵ
˵汻ҵˣ˵ʮǰҲֹһУʱһѧѣнӵףԵʱľԮ豸ԶԶ㣬˲ûоѧҡ
ֹ֮ͣ󣬺ϲƯһʬ壬ѧҵġ
ҲǵãүΣյʱԺ˵һϼȡ
ǲǾͱʱλѧΪǴεжԽŴǱΪĹż
Ҳֻ˵ܽ͵ͨˡ
Щµʱ¥´°̵
緹ˡ
֪ˣཫҳã¥ԷһٷԵĲɣֻ֮ͣص˷䡣
ҳȴҲûзӵκ״
ΣһҪȥǶҲֻܵȻʱȥ͵ˡ
ſϱ۾ԼҪ飬֪˯ˡ
һŰ֮СͻȻ

ڽȥúܾµСҡһŮһк˳а˷ƣѲ³á
ôأ
໰һŮСԴˮ۾һգһգģǿɰ
Сڽ𣿿Ҳﰡ
ӣΪ˲СŮͷ̫ܡȻҲкӣڻִôԼҶŮء
˵ǶôǶ
Աһֱ䵱ʹСкڿˣһСӤʣҪжȡ
ðɣСǣɲԸ߶ǽʲôأ
ܲһֱССĽаɣҪ֪Сһְɡ
ǽСҪ
С˵Լֵʱȴһɴˣعʱ򣬲ŷԼ˯
࣬ôſϾ˯ˡ
ĲǱˣ̷̷ܿܿҲʱе£¥µʱӳ°֪¥˯Žȴſ˯ˡ
Ȼõð˯Ҳ˲иղŽһĻ
Ŷ裬û¡ֻǲС˯ˡɢҵĵ鼮ԼԼıʼǣӵıʼǡ
ʱôˡ
໰һתֱӽ̷ܿϡ
ŶҲˣǻöģˣǵҪ˯ȥš
̷ܿ˵֮뿪ķ䣬ŵ
ͷڴϡȴŸ¡ʱʶеҡ˲ǵԼĺӳʲô
һ룬ӵĳ಻߳˵ĶŮ
뵽һ䣬¶һҪȥΪֻΪӡ
ڴϺ˼һ磬ֱϵʱ򣬳°ѾҲû̷̺ܿó°ȻȥˣԼڿһֱȵ˰ҹ
ȴûл̲ס绰ȥ̵ĵ绰ӵģ˵˾˴ˡȫԱڼӰ࣬ڻڻᣬһʱỹ
˵绰̷ָܿȥӵ绰Ҳ̷ܿһʵϰŮҽ˵̷ܿڴһ˲ӵ绰
̾ǰְҲֹƵ֮٣ǻᰲźʱ䣬ҲһŮ
ҲԼİְ衣һβһҪȥһˣ֪زصءֻһԶѡ
һڿһϣ̷ܿһûл࿴˿ʱ䣬Ѿϰ˵ˡ
뿪ˣҪǴεУһλ֪ʲôʱˡ
ڳֽʣдһţ˵Լȥû˵Լ᲻ΪԼҲ֪
ŷ˵ңż׵뿪ס˶ʮļҡ
⻰
ϾҪȥˣƻүǻʱǽүǻͱʾϻʵ۾ҪˣүҪТʮ߸£Ͳܺ෢ϵнȥúүûû

380ĪĿУһ

ǵձ㵽˼ȥ涼𳵣ȴķɻ͵
˻ԶԶȥƣƯҲΪĵط
ƵҲûȥֱȥӡ
ΪϷ󣬴ʱοͺܶ࣬ǹ᲻ۡ
Ҳûȥ𴦡ֱĵطΪЩ˴󲿷ġò׼ȥֻƽĺ棬żһ̽ˮ滻СС
ʲôϲ˵дôʲôûУ
ĵȵȰɡ
ǡһС²ıԹӦҲΪ˿жİɣ
ֻǸŮĶԼкҲһĳ磬ŻŮ
к࿴ѺõĶЦЦͬʱ§ԼŮѡ
ΪȺӵԭкһֱŮԼĻԷȺ˳ɢƼȺ˺Ů
ӵȺ˺þöûмɢȥڼ˵ϵĻЧҲ˵Ǵڵģֻһ˲ѡ˵ǸˣƵ
Ⱥɢȥ֮ԭصľֻʮ˶ѣоͰࡣ
಻֪ڸô졣ǻȥأڵȵأȥɣҪߺҪˣȥɣѵһֱţ
ԥʱ̧ͷȥӶһ£۾һΪʱˮĵط
ҲӦΪڵ￴£ŷˮִĵطȻβȥ
ôһ룬ͿʼѰҹӵĵط
ĿĵطûзʲôŰ֮ĶֻȥΧο͡
ã֪ô𣿡
ǰֻһˣʻĶҲֻ
Ϊ˱˵ĳࡣǴӱӰ˵ĳԲΪ˵ģǱ׼ĿխΣҴƷζҲܲ
ת࿴˵ʱ˲׺䶥
˭ܸģ˴һڿֲ
𣿡
ͳɤӿﴫһͬǺ۾ѾүˣҪǰ˸ˡ
ȻƾͳɤҲԺÿ
˧硣ôȵſֲ𣿡
ʣΪʵں棬ʲôԭһڴſ֡
Ǻǣ㻹ôɰ
˺¹Ȼ﷢ǺǵЦ˵һĪĻʲôлôɰѵ˧ǰʶԼ
˧磬ʶ𣿡
뷨ȻҪŪףҪȻǲ
ʶʳ仰ʱܸо˵ʧ䡣Ϊʲô
㲻Ҫô𣿴һңиţԹӣ
ʱ˱࣬شĵһ⡣
Ŷ
Ӧοȥǰ治ԶиսǣӦþɣҪлʱ򣬻ͷһѾ˳ζȥǲͬ˵ʲô
νʼ磬Ͼǲʶ˶ѡ
ñı׼ζȥʱ򣬱Ĵ˵ֻܵ
ʱҾͲڴˡ
ֵĻȷ仰ǲǶ˵ģԶ˲ûлͷ
ҡҡͷ񾭲˰ɣ񾭲Ӧú˧˫۾еϤӡ
һʱ֮ྐྵ벻˫۾ҡҡͷˡأĿȥӶ档
Լһ·ζȥԶ֮һֱתˣ۾һ˲˲ĶıӰ
ʱ۾û䣬ֻһ˿ͣһ˿ᣬһ˿ֱıӰ˲ų뿪
ߵ˫ȴ࣬ڿǸ˵ĵţźӱߵķȣһš
ֱ˵ţ滩ĺˮʹ˫ȸʹˣֱڵŵмλá
ᣬòеָ߰ˡղżŹӰˡƽʱϲľĦ֣Ϊ̫ˡ
ɻҲһϷɻʹ˯мô죬ŻһһεġֻץϵסΡ
ϿһˣҲǺӱˣΪʱĹϵѾ뿪ˡپΪϵģȻһʱû˷

381콵

ҪҪȰҪû˹᲻ܺΣҪѵҪҹɡ
໹Ǿ˾Ͷ˰ɣСҪ
ӶŮ˧磬˭ҡ
첲һ˫ֳ״źӱ˴󺰡
Ӧ˵עĿԼһЩָָ㡣룬ǹΪԼûɣҪȻ˭Ϻ
ϵ౻һָָ㣬ȴûа˹ĺ޲ƿڴڵˣһͬĶûУѵƭѵ˾ûһΡ
Ϊ󺰣ֿʼζֻ˫ץΪԼҪ˯ϵʱ򣬴ӶܹһŮӣжʮҰɡŴ˾
Сãôˡ
Ůߵǰģĵѯʡ
ȴһıʵɱȴһԼСŮãɫܺÿֱӺڵ䣬Լˡ
ǺǣŮеָߣܷȥĺӱ𣿡
Ȼ˵ԼСãǽСŮġôԼͲˡ
ԭǿָ߰
СŮһĲŵı飬ǻǽˡ
ǺǣллıֻýӲЦΪ֪ԼԼΡ
СŮӶ棬Ŷڰ֣˳ŵܻȥˣǻڶء
ԶŮڰ֣ȻϽڵ˺һ㶼ڹˡ
ȵԼȿ֧ԼʱſʼǸȥ
Ϊ٣컹֮ǰߵ˰棬Ϥĵطͺˮǲŷһ
˳յĴ򶷺ۼִһ飬εֱү˫ˮĵط
Ѿ˷ΪľǷֹοˮɵʱǴˮġ
౳ڷϣŽڵա˼Ѿܵȥˡ
ۣ쿴ˡǺߴӵĽк׼תʲôµʱ
ͻȻоһɴֻзļĺˮôľʲôЩĳʲôʲôˣ
໹˼ԽԽܸоķѾ֧֧Ųסʼѡ


ľͷĶˮԼˮµĻĴ˵ĶС
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죬Ҫˡ
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ЩͨͨĶУ֪Щ˵ˮӦþԼˣǱոճֵоˡʶԽԽʱﾹȻһ־Ҳõ뷨
ͬһʱ䣬ԣ·ĹһԸѪʯںһ֮ƾʧˡ
Ϊһûлؼҵ̷Ҳµš
̷ܿ޵۾ˣֻܲϰο
ˣǲ֪ôһҸȥˣӦ֧
ԭںܾ֮ǰһУǸи˵Ůվĵطȥ
ǱҲţԴˣҿ仹Сô࿪ʼǲòˡ
ţֻһ뵽һϣҾܣ治һְĸĸ
̷ܿǿ޵ͣû취ֻ˶õİ취ϵˡ
ҪǸ˵ܵܡ
̿Ц˵ȴֱӱ̷ܿһȭ
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ⲻǶ㿪ô
̺һᣬ̷ܿҲûôˣ̷ܿǱ̹ϴˡ
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˻䡱Ժıӣôô䡣ѵǵþˣҲ찡ôô䣬ѵǱΪˡ˽ͽˣҪȻôôġ
һ뵽⡣ҲˣĶײƨ
漴һ˫۾ôһˣͽĲ񰡣Σôλþ̫ӸĻ԰
ô֪ô͵ˣֻŶ䰡үڻ԰һװŮڻ԰ôڵȥһ·Ժô죿
Ҫ͵͵ȥԺ͵һѾߵ·ʱ򣬴ϵѾ͵͵ڸǽ
޾֮·˯ͷҪײҪ˵оҲʲôö
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382ʱ

Ҫ첲ľٶ¿˿÷ԱΪС̫͵ûߵɨѡ
͵͵ɨѣߵɨֱӴѴ
͵Ϯҡҡλεתڿʱ۾˲ɵĴġ
ʵΪ֮ǰ̫֮󣬻ʱ򣬻ֳڵϹģֻͷİ¹⡣
ľһϮ£ͷɢࡣܲɴ۾
ජֵ񣬾ҪкʱɨѶԴôȥ
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ӣ̽̽ıϢȷûֻιȥˣİõĿʼļа
󻹺ĵĶ·ȷԼͺᶳŶԼһ͵͵뿪˻԰
ڸղŻôүϣֱܵүǰȥ˵ԼĲǿ϶УƻûүͱЩ̿ץˡ
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ǲˡΪûǳȥģҸ˸һݣô˱֮ˡ
Զ׼ֻжԺЩ˲εġôΪأҲܱܡ
ԽԺԺֱͣڶԺſڡŽյĶԺԺšֿʼˣҪô˵أ
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үһֱ֪Ϊʲôиһֱ˵ˣˡŪүһ춼겻
ڸղţүҪˣͻȻһʹʲô̽ˡ֪Ϊʲôһֳ嶯ʹ
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࿴ǰѾָү֪Ϊʲôүһ˵һİŮ˵˵Щ֪ԼӦôӦⲻĿ
С֣үүƽաֱȥǰԺ
һ·ĵĲûо̫๬ŮҲһֱү󣬿ϤıӰȻҲͶʮûмүʱȴѾȥ֮áүıӰͦˡ
үһ·߻Լ޵֮󡣱㽫ѹŰϡ

383ԽԽȥһ

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˵࣬үԴˡһһ˲ĴʹҲֻһ˲ѣ֮ıһĻ
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Ϊүһһ˷ܵľȻûзүе塣
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ӻɫϵʱһȺ߽ˡȺ֮Умʶġ
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ĸɺԭվŵļˣ̧ͷȥ
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ЩˣôǸ񰡣ԼǰôǸأλûˣԽԽȥˡ
ԼѾǰˣǰѾˣһȫµԼ

384ǰ£

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ЦŽͣҲүΪʲôͻȻǲźλں˶뿪⼸ѾͷһֱڶԺ
̫ҲȻⶫԺֻд󰢸ʹôźҲˣ˷ֳԺźš
үǲͬ⣬öԺūǷֳȥǶԺһһľҲ
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ͷҲûתֱӶ˵ƽʱϲװ磬ЩǶֻ֪һȴ˵һ顣
˿ԼĶͶһˣΪŵ·ΣȻλ˵һģһлл񹫹ǵġ
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Ǹʱ򣬴󰢸磬ѾˡҲ̫֮үѣҲȥΣˮ

385ԭˣ

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Ϊò仯оѾʧˣΪүϧүôôԼڳүǰأôֻһһݻүߡ

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һʱĬʱִͨ
Ｘȥº½ϣ·ϵģ˾һˡ
˼ȻһڸϣλЩߵģһֱϡ
ߵ϶Աߣ·
⣬ʲôŮӣصġô˵ˡ
һӣȫûΪСı䣬о˶Χתһ
ѽҲʲô£ܻģҲ˵̫үҵŮжôɫ㡣
̫үȻ˹أ˴ǰԺһޡ
ͻȻĳĬЦŶ½͡û˵ղ˵Ǿ䣬Ļ
ߣҲǸ¼ūŶѡ
²мĺһ֪ܶһ㣬ʱ˵ˣǸŮӴһѾװô϶ǺԺūš˱̫үˡ
Ŷ仰ʲô˼
̧ͷ¡
·ϡǡɿǰԺūЩһѾߵ·ȥϴ˵ҹ̫үϵŮӵģôūţʲô
Цǰĺ˶ǲҶ֣һūţ̫үϲһūţԺ󲻺úý̽ˡ
ʲôūūţ
ͻȻһ±洫
֮ı̫潫ĶԻһ֪ЩŮ˽Ÿ밲Ϊɣ֮¡
檣ūţ̫밲̫顣
ڼ̫֮ʱվ񡣾ҲĲ鲻Ըվ˭Լֻһ˼ȴ̫
ɣ
̫ӻ֣Ƕ£ԼҲ档
̫Ҫ˵ʲôʱִһͨ
̫밲
߽ӰһͰ̫ǰ
ɣɶأ
̫ŵվǶСԺҶϣϺ͹϶ϡ

388Ϸʼ1000

ҲûԺ̫밲ˣô춼ˡ
ЦſڵЩ˶ˡ
ãȻҶˣôһ㱾ǵ½ðɣ
̫֪ϵ˵뷨Ȼ뿴ν
̫˵ˣһūţôϺǽơ
̫䣬±ԣʵˡһôͬһūͬһá
̫˲ͳҲ֪ɵǼɵֻһ̫ǸɹŸˡ
ȻŮź̫ү̫үҲ⣬ôǵĽá̫үȻҲôġ
̫ǳ⡣
̫ôһٺǳ⣬ĲˣʲôҲ˵ˡ
Ȼǲȥ̫üͷֻѡ
ɶã
̫Ҳ˵ͰѻһתСϺ͹϶ϡ
û뵽̫ͻȻǣҲֻ֮󣬱վص
л̫Ķһжãˣūűûö
СЦ˵ҲһˣǵƤʱСսĸһʲô¡
һҲãūǿɶĵտء
϶ͬ˵ڵҲֻһһ㣬ʲô֪ģҲﱻ϶ϹԺû˼ȥտһСֻ֪ԼҪ衣
ãΪ׶̫үҲǣŽλ罻ǸϣǺúý̵λ硣
̫˵Ҳİ磬㲻ۺ˼ҵĺӣȻ֪Ҫĸô˰磬ܵ˵ҲͷˣˣҲĲ١
̫ЩԺһĬƽ̫һЩ£㶼ȥˣɵţ뿴ү³衣
λҲģԼ̫ɵɵĵš
ϰ뿪Ц˵ţϿڿЦͿʼˡ
ɲŵһͲعأȻūžūšûصĶ
мͿˡ
̫񹫹ˡ
߽һѾͷ̫񣬲ҽԼĿ˵̫

⻰
²һǧ֣

390ɵһ2000

̫˼ʱӦǰԺǸŮ밲ôôˣѵ̫ү·Ը
ǲɲܳʱš̫˴
֮Ƕλ̫ǧ
ūŸ̫밲̫顱
ȻֱָλģϺ
߲
񹫹𡣡
̫һֺֻһֶֻ̧
̫˵
ôˣʱ򲻶̫үȥ𣿡
̫ЦʵүߵūţǺԺݵŮˣҲҪЦӭ㸻̫Ҳɫģֺû
ûȥΪ̫үлūŸ̫ͨ
˫ֽڸǰЦ⣬Щūţ۸߲ˣӵʱ򣬶
Цţǹء
Ŷʲô£˵
̫ү񴫵ĻҲµ֣ǸǰԺŮйء
ǰԺϹĹµĻģԽΪס¥ϵ밲
һһĽүԭ˵һ֮ʱ˲ѻȸŮǶ˼Ŀ
̫Ȼģְνֻһѣв
̫ˣȴ⣬ȻСϺ͹϶ϡ
СǸһ֧Ů̫ӸһҲίڹ϶ϸˣȷȷʵʵһūš
˿ɶ˰ģڶֻһ檡ϲҲūųôôͱλݻߡ
߷߲ƽȴֱӿʣһŰءûʲô˵
ܣϻֻһūţ̫үϲҲֻ檣𡣾Ȼס¥¥ʲôطһūҲס
ǵһġӱȽֱﲻˬȻҪ˵ˣǿûе̫үľ
⣬ūֻ̫ͨүԭѣūʮӣūҲҺҴ̫үķԸ
һҲףҲ֪ΪʲôҪ̫үı顣ȴЦ
˼̫үľһҲɡ
ߣҲͬ⡣
ֱվǰ
̫ү˼
ٴǿʾвҲûá
̫檾õȻ˵Ĳ̫ү㲻ҴĹˡ
ת̫ȰүҪҹأʵĿһ󲿷ֵҲס
ߡЩŮ˰Ǽ˼ұǺãҪѹЩóŮӡ߲ǰΪϴĸˣֻŻ
ǰ̫̫ӸĸӦȥȰ̫ү˵ˣǸŮ븮ĵһ챾Ӧĸ밲ģȴȥ̫Ժι̫Ӹ
˵̫롣̫ȴ֪Լǹʹء
ǰү˽⣬үɲһ˵ܸıˡ
ֱȥү˵˻ãү̫ܵˣ˶ԼûкôǶЩǾǴĺôˡ
ϣĻأֲһŴδӹȥƽ¼ӡ˿ɲСˡ
˵ҲԣǱ룬̫үľȻҲ˼˵ġΪ̫үŮˣ͵ø֧̫үǡ
̫һת뵽סЩ˵İ취ˡ
٣ȥǶԺ͸ϣһЩɫ͹ȥĶõ͡
̫һתֱôȥʹˡһ̫ǲԸ¡
̫ǡ
»ʲôȴֱӱ̫ˡ
Ϊ˴£ôֱȥ̫үɣǲˡ
ȻҲ˰ˡͻȥɡ̫˰ڰ֣ʾǶˡ
ߡ
һվ߳ȥһͬ뿪Ժǿˣ̫ǳײܴˣôǻôֻԼˡ
ˡ
˶̫֮󣬶뿪Ժͬ뿪Ļ
ӣūžո˵Ĳ̫һĸɲȥԺѹˡ
˶뿪̫ͬ˵
٣Ȼĸ㲻Ҫ̫ү˵Ļ̫ү˼Ϊһȥ̫ү˵ֵֵã

391һѿ۵ʹͣ2000

̫ͷҲûֱֻ̧Żֺ͸
ĸ̫үȻ᲻ӵġ
Ȼ⡣˼У̫̫ӸԺģŮ˶̫ġ̫үҲҪֱ̫档
ٰ㻹û˼ˡֻҪձĻȥС
ֺ̫վ̫ĸ첲ұߵȥ
ǡ
һߵԺϻ󣬴Ϻϱһֱţֱӵ˸ϵݡ
ϣϺڸ϶Բϡ
ߣһϡ
ɫõߡôôģǰһ˶ѹ޳ͷ֮գͷڹһԺ
һһҹͱ̫үס¥ʱˣһ˶ˣԲ·
Īżֻһѣǲûµʱ̵̵ˡ
ЦŶԸ˵ڶҲһ񣬻ϸ߲ͷ
ȴ֪ǣǰĺ˶Ҳ໹ڸʱ򣬾Ѿ˸ϵͷȥˣһʺء
ǸʱĸϿʲô˵ġ
ҲżȻ̫үϲ˳ŵ̫үȹЩʱգ̫үϵˣԲ
ϸڴϻ˵ǼȻҪŸ߲ͱıߡ
ôһ˵ҲȷʵˣǺðɣϵ⼸죬ȿ˵
üëһҲôûã⼸仰˵ȷʵ
ͲˣΪܹΪڶ˶ˡ
뷨ٲõĽݺݵرʵ˼ơ벻ǣ˼ҸǺ˶ҪΪ
˵Ķԣ̫Ѿʹ͹ȥǲҲӦ׼š
СѸϡ߲Ƣ粻ǿɲóȻ˵
Ǹ׼ҩȥ׼ʹ͸¥͹ȥ
ĵĺһ裬˵
ǡһŵҩӦͳݣǰԺȥ
¥࣬ʱڴϺ˯Ϊү̫˵һ϶ûô˯ֲȥ밲ȻҪú˯һ
Ҳ˸Ժʹͺͺ
λݸߵȻʹ̫ͣԼ¡λͬģк񡣶λݵ׵ģûʸġ
Ϊ˯ҲһϽ
ԺūǣҲûм౾ˣȫ̫үԸ˲ܴϢΪɣ˻ȥ
Щ˻ȥĻֻ˵֪ˣΪȷʵûм౾ˡ
һʱѾʱ䣬ҲȥŷϲʳһݵĺöͿɿڵķˣжˡ
ˣβϣİѾ¼ڲᣬðڵİ
ţЩ̫ǵʹ𣿡
ڴϣӵűͷɵꡣ
ǰūѾĶˣһϾŪˡһźšūˣڽӸ
ͷͷҲû̧һֻһֻһдд
Ŷá
࿴󣬱ϴȻȥһšһҲЩʹͣΪǰڶԺʱ򣬶Щ£һ㶼ûϡ
ԺˣҲѶˣȻʱ򣬾Ѿø࿴
С׭дģװ׵Ŀʲôʱ䣬ʲôˣʲôеִı⻹ּġ
ŲʵĻƿؽƥ
šһҳ֮󣬼
һԣһֻ
ֱӺ˲ӣꡣ
ŰɣһѶҲ̫ۣܿ˵ĶЩʲô
۹ߣǰүĿɶЩĺöǹʹͣҲЩãЩɶǰʹǵġ࿴еȱȱ
ͣǰĿ̫үѡģȻЩȲϵġ
걻ı鶺ЦˡǼӰƣֻϲõģԺ֪ÿ̫үʹͣһġ
һ˵񣬶ʵ
꣬뿪ˣҵЩءڲڶԺûȥã
ģǶԺ̫үġûκ˲Ժ˶ԺԼˡԸЩɶأ
ʰϵ꣬˵

392˯һ죨2000

Ҿͷˣǿһ򡭱ɲܱˡ
౾˵һµĽɽһ־òף仰ƻҵ˼ˣɲ˵˾ʱĳ˱
ֵ̫үĳ谮ԺûкõĶµʱ򣬸͸óˡ
Ȥ˵⣬ֻҪҪرˡ
̫үڶǵ˭ˣ谮֪жأ
ɥſϡ
ҵŹôˣ
͵̧ͷ꣬һˣүˣԼֶӶˣ治һϸĶ
ģСǶܺã⼸ȥСסˣͻˡʱܼˡ
꿴Žŵ࣬ݸһЦο
겻˵ãһ˵ˣ뿪ʱСһҲŰ겻Ҳˡ֪а꣬жˣȴߣǶ֪ԼҵĶﳤʲô
ȥˣǻ᲻ǵء
ʧţټСһǵʱӾһİͺ¡
Ǵ󰢸ʹ׶ʵū밢ҲԻ͸׽ġ
ǰοҲǰοԼ
ǰǴûּ̫֮ܲӸû˸࣬οСǸǰء
ԵҲֻ֪а꣬еնл귨꣬ȴ֪һ
𣿵Ը˰ɡ
࿴ݻƵľֻϣӿԽ״̬ʱͿ˸ɣź̫ܡ
ﲻǼٵģʲôأûںǵ棬ֲֻܾԺǻС
Ҫȥߡ
į࣬ɵ˵ȥ羰ܺܵ㡣
õңûµġỹǲȥˣ԰ҲһƬݻƣûʲôÿģ˵Ҳġ
˵Żӣ紵ĿݻҶ;䣬Ǵĺá
ҲŶ
˼ɦɦԴûôֻ࣬ǰĲ졣
ˣȥ˯һᣬŮ˰Ҫ˯˯ݡ
˫µأ˱ģΪʱȣе㷢飬µԺһõ㡣
оԼ˵Ժ󣬱лصݲμ˯
һʱҲͦģ˯¥£ȴϴѡ
ִʱ򣬾һʪ˵Ķ䳤㣬һ¿㡣
˵̲ס뵽ҹүΪ˺ɶȻֺİ۷ܶ˺һء
ʵڽⲻ˵Լأͱүʹñˡ
൱ʱϧ˺һᣬڹŴеһ¡
ҾֻҲ֮оˡŶˣ໹һˣǾү͵ǶԸѪʯ¥Ժˡ
ҲŸˡȴܹĴΪ̫Ӹʶ˲
Ǳ˿ˣٲһЩ鷳鷳ˡһס¥ˡ
ŵʱ˯һݾᾫˬڳź󣬻ѧŮ죬Ĳÿѣʵûⷽ츳
ˣ졣
֮£ͷɣ˵Ҳֻ˵ΪҪƣҪֻᵷҵ֡꣬Ů췽ֻôͨ
Ϊʲôҿղžġ
һץĲϣĺԼȽϣֻĲһ
йĽӵ
Ҳˣôôѧ
ʲôѧ
˵עȫϣûзſվӰֱһͦεӰڡŷ֡
̫ү顣
վڵϡ໹ϡҪ½ǣƻһֱš
ȫˣԼֻһ񣬲Ǹүࡣ
̫ү顣
վүǰǲжûиүˣԴԺ󣬾ʹûйֵùûл֮ǰˡ
ɣ
үߵǰԶ·ࡣ
ү˵֮䲻ô񡣡
үС֪Ϊʲôи͸ˡ
ү
̧ͷүӦǻָˣҪȻΪʲôŴ˵ֻһɹźԼ
ţ
ǲˣ
ʡ
ʲôˣүʲô𣿡
ү⡣

393ٴԹԡĸ2000

ԲԵү֪үû˭һֻɺϰɣ
ûУүһҲˣõĿ㣿
ү֣ϣү֮ԼȥһݸүɫĶ˳ȥ
үĲ豭豭Ļ㣬үǰѧģΪʱˣϰҲһֱ
ţүڹͬʰһͬԵģҲΪʲô㲻ģĳʳҲǼ
үȻͬԼڹг̣ȫûзԼǰǲͺԺŮ˵ЩģȻǰ⡣
ҪȥүţүڳԵ㣿
࿴΢үԵˣǰүȻ֣үҲԵİȥȻӰүĿ࿴Ų
鷳ˣү
үһס׼תȥ࣬ھһᡣ
ǺðɣүϹŷ׼һЩүϲϲʳ
仰Ϊү룬ֻүһԼϲԵʳû˼ڱ˶Ҫ衣Գʳסү
ȻүҲôģֻҲǳ裬ǾͱʾԼģԲԸ衣
ãү¥ͬһţ
үһ§࣬࿿ԼĻֳ嶯ĸоģڱŮϡү뷨
ֻҪһ뵽ŮԼϣүܲһֵǸŮˡ಻ͬүоһһžͲ֡
үȴ̲ס΢΢Ҳֻ䣬˭ͻȻ§һ¡
Թԣ𶯡
үһְֻԵĺ󱳣岻Сһ
үԹԡʱȫһ˲ĽӲ
ԹүǰģΪԼⱲӶٴүˣүֶ˵ˡ
үȻҲо֮һ˲ĽӲ̲סʵ
Թôˣ
үû¡
һͷԽүĻүԼˡҲԼүǰޡһô̶̲ס
ԹԣǲүŪˡ
ү˫ֿʼҪƿſԼ࣬ǲԼŪˣȴסү֡
үҽࡣ
Ƶŵүﴫ
үֲ࣬ʹ½קˡҲſԼ
࣬ţүùԹԸ˳ڡɶº㡱
үͷһֻ˳ɢ㷢һĺ󱳡
үϲʲôС
ֱӴү˫ۺĶү
ү⸱ģˣս˫ۣ౧ĸˡ
ԹүỤһȫ
仰үǰҲ˵ȷʵҲˡţүһǰĸá
ү˵ģš
ſүЦ˵˾ôرšֱүҲû뿪ֱ˺¥
һȻ˯þˣһϿǲġ
ֱһүΪʵڲˡүŷŹȴһ§˯
඼۵ҪˣȻЩֻҪܰ˯źþͳɡ
¥˯òʡ£ǣԺļԺˣ˳ҹߡ
ڶһ磬ǱѵģҪȴһ仰ˡ
Ҫȥ̫밲ܳٵ
෢֮ǰĴȸֻܽŭ̻ͨͨض
ˣˡ
˫ַԼͷһץ˯߲˿Ǻܱġ
ŰԼͷһﰵ룬һͷҪһˡ
ȻױʱΪʱԼͷŰ˿˳ͷȴᡣ
˻ۡ
࿴ǰͭԼڲѣΪʲôԼǸĲ˳嶯ӡºˣƺһ࣬ͷΪһ󹤳ˡ
Բū´һСһ㡣
Ǹ⣬ôĴָСĴָһһ㡣
ʹ£һͷ㷢ῪˣʱҲˡ˱ݺø㣬Ҫʱϲϵˡ
ԡൽԺʱ̫ӸԺеŮ˶ˡ̫Ҳλϣ
ͷֱ߽䣬Ϸ̫ʰ
ϼ̫̫飿

394밲һ2000

ؾصʰͷҲ̧
ɣ
̫洫Ӧվͷȴһֱš
ŵһ־˶ֲ̫үҲˡ
һŮұߴ˵ģȻλݸߣλݸߵĳ̫ǸϺ¡
̫ϱ˵̫ˡôº͸ϡ
¶үŮһǵӵģôǹġԿ϶˵֮ӦǸϡ
ͷû̧֪߲Ǵ￴Ưġ
һղŵǸϣôˡ
ЩҲһֻߵĵĺе裬۾ȴֱֱĿŵࡣ
Ȼ͸϶ϲһ̫Ӹ͵̫ү谮ŮˡʾǺ͸һġ
¿˳ˣǻŸһ˵
㣬ߡһǲ̫֮λߵŮˣɲŰ衣
ݣ̫үᡣȻ̫үϲãȴ֪̫үԲϲţĿ˵Ůˡ
ӽһֱͷԡֵУԺʱѾôⳡӲ̵׼ˡ
ˡ
̫ǳ⣬Ҫ죬Ȼ̫ǱϾ̫Ҫӡֻòڿ͸ϡ
̫üͷÿ밲Ҫ˶Ҫһ顣ҲǣǰҲǸĬԽˡ
Ȼ̫Ӹͺúź̫үͬԺǴùϵ򲻵ãʼ̫Ӹ֮£Ǳ֣߷ߴף
̫һͨÿ̫ӸԺŮ˽ʱ򶼻˵ģҲ˵ÿĸÿ븮˵ġѵ롣
ף򲻸ʼ֮¡
̫ǰǹءÿҶĸѵ֮󣬶񣬱ʾԼѾסˡȻһ
Ȼ̫Ӹһ롣ȴû˶˵Щʱ̫û븮ݵ΢ֵԶ˵һĸѵ롣
׾ͺãŰɣ
̫ǳıֻ֡ҪŹأ㲻̫ү֮¡
л̫
λ̫һŵͷתߵϺ͹϶мĿλ
ڵλöǰλеģǰ̫׵ģȻĩβˣһʱͦӦġ
֮󣬱̧ͷܲԺ󻹵ͷɣ˻Ϊġ
Ϻ͹϶ϣȷòģȻǶСϡ
תѰλõʱСϾͷλĸоеϤȻͷǻٿԿһ㣬λеĺ˶Сһֱࡣ
һ̧ͷͷСһ˲ı仯Ǻдɻ󣬿Լ׽ͷ̧ʱСϱһ˼顣
װʶģСѺõЦЦ
ں೤Լֵϡ
ϵãûм࣬Ҳûʲô쳣ֻȴ룬ԭ̫үϲԲ۾Ůӡ
Ϊ೤İɣҲЩһɣÿĲ٣зҲ٣ϲŻүϲԲ۾ġ
㣡
ͻȻֱߴһУŵĻеӵƶ˿ȥȴǹ϶һ־飬˫۽ĿԼǰࡣ
϶ϣôˣ
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ūš˶
϶ϲûп̫ػǽͰ͵Ŀ࣬һĻ̫ϲˡ
Ź϶ϵĿ⿴ȥֻΪתͷ϶ϣ˴Сһǰ˶ֻĺס
ǻгСϺ͹϶֮⣬һ˿òǾڹ϶϶½ϡ
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˶
½Ȼûк͹϶Ͽŵı֣ǱȴҲǴ㶵ġ
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̫ˣһĶô£Ȼʧ̬
ūŸ
½ϼٷŭ̫Ȼôɵù

395Ǵô2000

˶
½ſڵϣͷҲֱ̧˵
˽һŵɫ̫ͬţ룬Ҳʧ̬ɡ
ϣתͷ
̫ıӰ˵
֪Ҫǵ۾ʱ̵ˡתͷ̫
Ĳ豭ء
ڡͻȻվڵӺơ
࿴Щǧٹֵı飬еģ˼еġǼ뵭ĺ⡣
㵽˭ֱʵ
Ҳ̫ʵģ೤ʱҲܲ˼飬׽Ҳûгˣϼֱͺ˶ʵ̫ˣ̫жôȣȴûʧ̬
׸߲ʲô˼
һҲô˵ı顣
֪̫Ӹһλ˶
һֱû˵̫ˣ͵
Ȼ˵󰢸ʹѲġ
ͷ뿴Щ˵ʲôʲô
а˾ŷƣǲŻᾪȡ
̫ʹüͷȴûп࣬Ҳʲô
ЦȣǼʺͺɣΪڣүŲȥԺģкһˣôүԺǲǺǰһˣרһˡ
ǽЩ˵˼͸͸ġ
ߣֻһūţô˼Һ˶ȡ
ڿҲ˵ĵһ仰
˵һūŵʱ۾˭ǣһūŵġϣûøԼһʲôˣүҲû˭Ϊʲô̫Ӹģ㽫ˡ
ھȻЩΪΪūţҲԹ
ұȣ˶ǻ׷⣬̫үĳǵūſԱȵġ
ಢԽݣҪԱôҲҪһš

󵨣һūųȻҺһɹŸȣҿǲ֪ߵغ˸졣
ΪԼ̫ӸŮ֮ߵġ̫ҲȲϣɹŸֻ̫츻һĵճѡ
ȻһūŶ죬֪жô
ѸǰҪȥƹ࣬ȴһ㶼£Ȼûݣүĳ谮
ס֡
׼߹ļ֮ʱ̫ȵ
ԺдҲֲ򷣡οҲû˵ʲô
ֱ̫ӴվԽԽˣҲԽԽһ̫ˡҪԴ壬̫үãΪԼ̫Ӹ⡣
ʲôûڳһūŸҺô˵ھҲᲢۡһūžͲͬƽƽ
ҲֱվȻ̫ȴָࡣİԴйȻ˵ĵ
ȫһϷı飬ںԺûѣȫǵˣԣǸ˻أôȥȰء
ҪȰ⣬ȴûǸӣҶϣӽʱͲүĳ谮ֻúùһӡ
ҲǸˣ񾿾ǲǺ˶̫ү谮ģҲûоʲô
ǵһֱ壬Ҷ˵۹ⶼڵ̫ϵʱĵͬԼĺ˵˼䣬ͷ͵͵ĴӲųȥˡ
˵һ飬̫ӸԺĿƶ߲
̫ޱĶ·¡Ҳܷ£ʱ򣬿ƶ߲̫үдãܻ̫үĴ¡
ţ֡
ȫ̫в쿴עҪѵһˡ
̫ڵļšֻͬ࣬ܰģѾˡ
̫άͦмģȻ̫Ϊʲôѹ£ȴûã֪Ҫġ
ͽúý̽ôˣǴͲˡ
ٴǰ־Ҫϴȥȴ൥ץסһƾʹڼŵϡ
þȫһֻżţſ¾ſڵˡ

͵ıһƣеģʹоԼˡ
ˣҽ׽
˫ŭ˼ĿǰһĻ
ǰһĻ˶Ȳѣû뵽ϲ븮졣͸ҶִǰūšҲ̫ˡ

396Ű£2000

Ҫ˽࣡ѹ£ȴ̫ԺСԺ
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¿Ϊʹļţڿ޶Եǣɵɫࡣ
һȺūţȻΪһΥҵҷҪ̫үݺǴ󲻾֮ϣ̫үһɹŸίġ
ɫõָһūţָһתֱֱָŲԶ΢Цࡣ
Ͳˣ̫үΪһūţҪǿƶ߲׷档
˵ˣǱԺҲֻĲǲ
̫ڿǼţʱһϾڿ̫үĳ谮Լˣܸûйϵ¶̫үԹ⡣
Ҳˣ͵СԺϢ
̫ū֣ʾǴ뿪
ûۣǿˣ㲻Ϳгô㲻̫үô㲻ҶҲҡ
˦ūǵָ̫˵
עԼݡֻ̫һѣȻ˺ͱ˵
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Ҳ̫ү̫ҪңҲҪ̫үͬͬ⣡
̫ľ⣬֪̫һֱϾô̫ʡ
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㵵Ŀǰº̫Ӧ¶ôڳ̫ˡ
ô겻ô͸һһ˾
ͬ⣡
˼ʱͻȻſڴһԵ
תͷȥȴүվſڡүĿ¡
½ӴүĿ֮ʱɵöһ£ʵү¡
̫ү飡
̫͸֮⣬ȫڵϣҲòڵϡ
˵үֻҪаɣүɫƵĿԵǶ⣬ҲɵʲôǰţүǰͲҡ
ֻһôǰүҪġ
̫𡣡
үϵĿջأǰ̫
л̫ү
̫󣬿˿үɫֻүûʱκεĲ̫֪үûй
̫үߵĸǰԷࡣϣȻҿ˿
ȷϲûӡʱת̫λϣ̫үֱϡ
˭ܸү˵һʲô
үһȦŵ˽Դͷ
ү糿ȥ곯󣬷ҲûʲôرҪĴ£ҪҪȥԺ밲е㲻ģ̫ӸǰԺš
Ȼûã˵һū˵Ժֱִ͹ˡ
̫үϣԳ檲檱΢ͷʾ棬ٰ̫ӣв檡檲Ŷײ̫ġ
һίģֱϥү£һ˫ֻүĿš
̫үûУֻõԼݣûв˼
̫վͬүǰû뵽¾Ȼһңżүˡ
࿴һĻ̾һվ¡
˼̫ˡһţǲˡ
жۣǶɣ
үŹһصˣȺ֮еࡣ
л̫ү
˵±Ҳվүʱֹԭء
̫˵һ˵׷ʲô£
үĿתһԵ̫ϡ
̫үǵΪ˵޷ѹʵĺ˶ȣ˵ϲ
ҪƹϡȻ̫үˡ
̫µǰү˵һ飬үҲ˸š
ԼİԴãŰ費̫Ҫƹࡣ
̫үֻ̫һ԰ݳ檡
̫ĳԺ⣬̫үԼģϾ̫ĸû̫ܰүοһūųϡ

397ͷеᣨĸ2000

Ȼ˵Ҫ˵ģôǣʵ̫˵ǵ˵
үһۣڽӴү֮ʱɵôͷǿɲˡ
ϣ˵
үһλĸϡ
ǣ̫˵
ϻڼǺ¸ղŶĶײ϶̫ˡ
Ŷ˵
үֽĿ⿴ϡ
̫˵ġ
ʱûٱ´ĥΪһ̫ү谮˵ﰵﶼ°ӡɵء
˵ء
үˡ̧ͷ˿£ֿ˿ү󶼿̫
ǶѡתͷݺݵؿһȦˣֿĿү
µ㻹Ʊ磬̫ɵĳͷҡ¾ͷСԺúóŮ£ֱ֪ԼΪֹ˽СԺ
үһ£ֱ̫࣬£Ҫ뿪Ժ
һֱ˵Լˣү˽ȥˡ
ү˳ͷ£е˾ˡȴòᡣ
˵½㣬ѧŮ£ȴû˵ʱ䣬Ժ³ȫүˡ
±ߺүֿһۣ˵
ǹµĺԺ¹˵㣬ĵ֮ʱһӡǻ֣²⽫ͻĸȥ
үȴ˵ĶУ˽ǳĬ
ү⻰˵ĿǺˣͻĸңԺ޷ڼȢ嶼ᱻЦҲӰӵ;ŮӵĻޡҲͱʾΪһ˵Ĺûȥ
ūţ򲻸ҡ
˵
үվһ֮󣬱뿪Ժ
͵ɣǶȥϢɡȥǶ׹͸񣬽֮ȷʵǵԣҲȥ
̫ЦŶ˵
ңл̫ʹ͡
̫΢Ц뿪Ժ
ȵص¥ʱүѾˡ
ˡү飬ĽŲ̧ͷһˡ
үô
磬ཫԼϴŵֺݸԼߵү档
ȵˮˣԺû¾Ͳȥ
үൽһˮһ
Ҳȥ䣬̼ůģˡ
ǰõĶǺ̿̿ζζأȼյʱž졣඼䡣
үֱӸ˿̫̿ӸҲү̫áûǴүùģþ̫̫Ӹû֪õ˿̿
̿ȼյʱɢζ٣㽫̿ȷʵȥůͶˡ
ⲻҪ̫밲ô⼸ҾͲȥˣġ
Ĳ豭˫̲סĴ˴ꡣ
ȥίˡ
ү飬վߵߣһѽӵ
ίүһ㶼ί
һЦȻȻĿүĻ
˾ôӵţүĺ¥Եģݵʱ򣬹үˣһȥֱ඼ûмү
ֱڶŴӹҲһЩ¡
˵ӺүͻȻԲѡ̫ҽҲ޲ߣŴүǰȥӺүиһģүڿִ֡
ϢǣӺүˣȴĲ´ˣүǬ幬̼أһ»ز
ʷӺүǡþݱѾǶˣҲԶˡӺүúõĹء
ʱҲڴϦ硣ʱһ˵гϲǼ˲ΣʱðϲµȾٶνаϣתΣΪ
ٻʼҵȻҲʵãֻ˵
ھ껹аµʱʣղ̫Ҳ͵͵ܳˡ
Ժɹ̫ʱŻŵܽ
񣬸һܣﻹһ߽࣬ȴһƬϲɫ
һ㣬ܵôôˡ
࿴ʵ
ūŷƼǻˡ͸ʱҲˡһֱСūŽͲ
˷ܵ˵׼ȥ߷ȥõѵģһ¥ͿԭƺƵһȺˡͷȴ֡
ÿλСӽʱ򶼻ţʱȻҲšڸ￴֣ôһҲˡ
ţǰ˼

398ĸ2000

һ߽㿴ĸˣﲻֻ׼֣֣滹֣һЩѾ̫šƺƵʮ˰ɡ
Żôżܻ˵
һԼŮˣôסվҪȥߵ¥ſʱͣסŲ
ôˡ
ʵԼҸǶôСǣôȴˡ
ǸϣǺ˶ˣҲֱȥԺ»Ǵ鷳
˵ţҪߡʧࡣҲܣǸǵҲе
ô죬СǺò׻ˣôܲȥ
󣬽˵
ף뵽ˣȻǲȥԺǿСǳء
ͻȻһʵԼͦġ
ǰûǿż
˫һģⲻ
һȥ֣һ£罫Źȥ԰棬Ȼڻ԰żýҲ䡣
ֻصԼղŵλ֮£ߺ󣬻⽫йһЩСһϲãԼԼϲĳʳ
ǴֺӣȻڽ顣
ΪźҲû˯š
һֱĻš
ཹĵȴУڻˣϢѾȥ˻԰׼׼һȥ
Ҳûʲô׼ΪǰѾ׼ˡ
ֱӴ԰
¥ĴǺͻ԰ңңԺšҲһȵĳȾ͵˻԰
ΪǶգ԰ﲢûһɫԵѣΨһлҪˣΪнˮһһġ
ƹȺҰ˲俪٣Ŀȴڻ԰мһյϡ
յһȦΧ̫ѾߣǽȴĺӺĶ
࿴ֽĲֺ
߽󡣵һı֡
ڿʱҲһ˲񣬲ת˲šӣ
ֺþòֻǵһʺȴֳ׷
Ǽӣϴġ
ӣˣūž֪һµġ
ʪۿͬǣԺЩ˾ͺļ˰ڣҲ᲻ǡ
֣һˣڿԹȥŹ𣿡
࿴һմɰС˶һͿ
Ȼԣȥɡ
ַſ֡ͬһ߽ӡ
磬ܣ׷
۵ŮͯĶ䣬ȻֻǼ򵥵ĳƺȴ֪СѾͷ˼粻ҪܣͲ׷ˡ
ǶһƤëĶ³ǲͣġ
Ҫϲ
СкܣĴ󹷼׷СкܹǰʱͻȻͣڿᣬӦŵ˷ܵζˣҪȻβͲҡô
󹷶˯ζ뿪ǽֱˣڵǰʱ໹ŵһϾûмˣǲʶˣ᲻ṥ
겻ɻǵҡ
վŲһ˫۾ŲͣΧתĶ
Խβ˦Խ𾢣֪ǼԼ˭ˡ
ǼǵҵĶԲԡ
ӣ˷ܵĶ

Ҿ֪ҪȥŹܲСÿ
౾ҪȥŹȴͷȥ·ʶˡǻС뿪ʱ򣬻ǻ̫Сǲ

ŻͷӹԹԵÿ·ڡ
ŷĵ߽ǽСһ￴һİ˽治ѵĿࡣ
Ǻãܺһ𣿡
ಢָСһԼ˼ǲǸԼһѡ

ͻȻվԶ³ܹ˽໳ĽŶ
ɣȻҲһͬ˽ĻͬĽһ
ԣǶԲǡ౧С޵һġСǰο಻޵ġ
Сֻһˡ
үʱԶԶĸźܿ龰ԼЦ
һĻүɵԽֱˣĵط
̫ү顣
˼үæүֻǰڰ໳ĸɣͻȻܳĻֱү
꣬ꡣ

399ӣһ2000

үһѾĸɣš
͸ڸʲôأ
үĿŻﱦŮȻһӣĸӣ۰ľŮˣǿǿӰ۰ԵģõĶǱĸõĻҪá
꣬꣬磬ﱧ
Сһڳݲ˵үĻ˳үָһָ˵˭

үüŮ˵˭֪ɣ³ĶϲѲô
Զһֱڹ۲죬ү͸ɣŵһһڿɣָжʱнţмͬʱеġ
үΪǹӽɣţԴ衣
ڿүɣŵĻ󣬽üͷĵĸˡ
ү˳ŸɣŵָָķȥȴһŵĿԼĻﻹС³
үһĻüͷĸˣŸɣžͳ߹ˡ
ཫ³ҲĸˣүʱıӦǺܲˡΧūҲļˡ
λҲûʲôС棬̫үһԺŮ˽ӴλСӣôλҪˡ
ү⡭
أͬүӡ˵Ͱ͵ġ
˭㱧ˣ
үͷϴơĸɣźĿԼİֻ꣬ǲԼ񲻸ˣΪʲôСԴϻ벻
꣡
ɣŵŵĶүһүҲֻǰοĸɣŵĺ󱳡
үֻǿС͸ɰͬˣûб˼
һ̧ͷү͡
˽󰢸籧ߡ
үֻǶ໳³ֱӷԸūŽ󰢸籧ߡȴûڿһۡ
Ϊүɫÿ³Ҳûҳ֡ԹԵſֻ
ү
ίĿүֻͬԼĶŮֶѣүõô˵ҪΪܺͺӷֱ
Ӷʶ˵ʲôԽԽί
ôˣǣſ㻹ǲǸСѹʹˡ
үһƼίı顣ԼĸɣҲݸ֣Լһѱסࡣ
һĻǾһȺ˵ӣίҲίˣԭүΪ֣ų
㿴㣬үһᣬͲչԼСӣô֣ôݣôۻˣô졣
үĿ࣬˫ֻ˳һ˫ġ
໹۾ᶼгһϸˣǱүġеԼҶίˡ̯һİ꣬Ժ޶
үǱ׼ģ׵ģǸġ
ү󰢸粻֣Ҳֻͬѡ
֪ү᲻óȻӽӣҪԷүġ
˵ү³ûү˵ô֣Ǳͬ亢һ㣬ûеֵĵزֻеӤʶѣӦŴ࣬೤ôˣϻһӤʡο³
갢꣬ϲ
ʱͬʱоʲôק˵Ŀţͷһȴյĸɣš
Ӧү֮ԼҪġȻܵ˸ǰ
СһԴŴ۾ˡ
үſ࣬Ȼɣƽ
˵ϲ
СһͷһԵ³״ҲţСӣܵɣԡ
Ҳϲ
³ֱүĿ⡣ȻÿθоԼҰͦģÿҪʲôҲ
ܹ³үֱѡӡŸɣš
ǰĶòá
үͻȻһҪӵ˼
ССĸɣţȻ׶ʲôõģǰܵܵĶᱧιˮԷ棬ǲ˶ͻˡ
һ棬ιˮˮһ˯𣿡
ССԴүԱվŵࡣ
༤Ķү˵ӵĶʱͿʼš¸ɣŲԸ⡣
һԷ˯һͶ档
ĿǰС㣬䣬ɣֱ˽Ļ
ΪԺһ仰˼СϲͶ档ȴûһ
һܣϲõܵ棬ǵܵǵĶﲻԸ⣬ȻʱǲšǵġһҲϲ˶ҶҲ˵ˣͬ档

400ҲǵС2000

档
ɣ˷ܵ໳ֱ˼ˡ
ͬģ˿ү֮үͷ
һѱɣȥ׷ˣ԰ﴫĸŮЦүǰһĻůůġ
ȥԸȥԺ󰢸ͽϸ
үǰ潫ĸŮЦţȴԸȥ¡
ΪӸɱɸҪ񸮣ġ»һ°ɡ
Ӧ֮󣬱뿪˻԰ūҲԶԶġڴһ˵žۡ
ꡣҲͶ档
³ĽĿãԱŶ
Ȼ³͸ɣһ󣬵ȴȸɣ˵磬Ҳ˵˳
ȥ
үͷûתֱ˵
Ҳϲ
³ҡҡͷڿֻë׵Ĵʱ˰ɣû˶ͬ档
ǳϢһ𣿾ͽŵĲҹȥ
үЦӣǲģϲΪĳӣԺעҪµģɲͬŮһ
껵ҲŲأֻǣֻǲϲǳë
³ί˵Ͼ̫Сˣүôһ˵ﻹеܵġ
С¡
ү͸СƵģʼ³Ͼˡ
ذҲŲǵСءᣬء
³һү˵ǵСʱί³˲޵ĲѡͻȻĿүһֻǶԼҶӶѣôͿˡ
үԺ࣬ûкӣֻܿǰ³۴ޡ
͸ɣĿģͻȻԱߴӵĴ·ϣŤͷȥ
ȴ³һǿĿүүֽŲĵͷ۴޵³
ֱӱɣţæܵǰ
Թԣôˣţ»ĸɣţȻڵϻס³
أҲǵС
³ίĶ͡
ǹȻǵСһССӺأԹˡ
ɾ³ϵᣬο˵
껵˵ҡǵС
³Ϊ˵ССӺܿޣͣסȴһһġ
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̧ͷȥүֻүһҲ֪ı顣֪үҲֻĵġ
үҲǵģˣôСӼƽء
ҡҡͷг³͵
ôأֻǾ³ӦóȥӴǺܹԵС
үӰ죬Ҳڹ³ȥܶ
𣿡
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Ҳһֱڸүʹɫһ³
үŻͣһȵĶӣֻͷ
³õԼҪĴ𰸣Ŀࡣ
ͰģȥͶ棬ܹܲЩӡ
³üëͷ֪³һʱҲûôܶô˵ҪүӰ졣һ۸Сӵ
ţǽͲͶˣЩͶ棬Ǿڻ԰òã
תһԵĸɣţʲô»ѯʺӵ֮پҲ㡣
Ϊ³ղſ˵ԭɣŹ˳ĵͷ
׸ɣŵСվֱӶԶǷԸ
˽ȥ
ǽʹ˹ߺһһȥˡ
Ů˾ڻ԰һ磬үҲһֱվԶš
ֱϦ£Ҳˣ˴ȥʱƮѩ
ӭѩص˺¥Ϊү˵ˣǿԸסں¥ڶԺͿŰɣԺ˵
ҲͬүţȻϲԺǺ¥ȶԺ󣬸ʺסΪﱾǸүĺסĵط
˵˺¥֮ūѾ׼Ȳ͸ɾ·ݺ󣬲ûżȥԼѣǷԸǣȥӻɾѣڸǺһˮŸүȥݻ·
һ׼׵֮ţүϲԵġ⻹һե֭ʹեģ໹˼ˣΪСڶ컹Ǻȵȵĺã
һӾͱɫ޵Ĺ֭ˡͬĻү
ˮˮʲô
ڸɣ˵үʹ˼ʣĴ±³һˡ
ǺúȵĹ֭ҪҪԡ
ЦĿŸˡȻ³ͷ󣬱һС

401ڣ2000

³˫ֱ豭СͷȻҰҰС죬˲һһۣͷ
³һڣ¶ǺһڣҪȵڵʱ򣬷ֱĹ֭ûˣգ´۾ࡣ
úȣҪ
³Լıǰһƣʾٵ
ɣſ罫ҺˣȻҪȣСԴ֪ˣĹ֭һܺúȡ㽫ԼıҲƸࡣ
ȡ
ˮӵС뱭ˮƵǰ
Сˮ³ѾȹһˣβûԥһȾɣǸŮŶˣССڵĺűĹ֭
Ҫ
³ֽԼƸ࣬գһ˫ȵĴ۾ࡣ
ûסյ³û˻ľܾ໹ǽȥ˻
УҪȳԷ극ٺȣһǸõġ
Ц³СԴȻţ³
³ȻҪȹ֭һĺúӣȻ˵ҪȳԷԹԳԷ
ź³ţǱ߸ɣŵѾԼĹ֭ˣ֪ԼҶǲٸԼ˶ֲϲԷԸɣŽĿתһߵװꡣ
꣬úȡ
ɣųүһЦ˳ԼıǰһƣĿѾԶˡ
үһ谮ɣţȻɣһСҪ
үҪǰ֭ùʱ򣬹֭ȴֱӱˡ
үɻĿࡣ
үȻ֭źҲûϵǴͳԲ·ˡ
үҡҡͷǰ˵ģɣƽʱϲԷÿСࡣ˲եⱭ֭ԹԳԷ
ţͶϷòãͶ˭ȳķˣ˭ͿԺⱭ֭𣿡
ͷԼֱߵĸɣš
Ųϲ
ɣһ˫ˮĴ۾ЩûζˣЩ߲ˣرϲ
ſϲϲ
վһŸӵĵӣ̳Եķŵ˶ԶǶûз֡
ཫӶ˵ɣǰԴ򿪸ӡ澹Ȼ׷Сͷ
Сģ۾㶹ӺʹϺܲƬСģͬöӺЩ߲װΡ
Щ׷ӣĺСʺСʳãȴҲܾ¡
ţϲ
ɣűϾǸСӣСӿɶϲЩյС֪ɣŲϲԷ߲˵ʱ
뵽ԼǰϿһЩƵͽһЩкӵĸȥѧһЩÿֺóӪʳ൱ʱע˺ܾãҲһ㡣
ٻ֮󣬾ͽԼ뷨꣬ȥ׼ԼϣŷʦҲǳصģһźÿˣ˶̲סҪ
𣿡
ÿӼһСڸɣǰС
ɣŵͷźԷιԡ
һ껹ָķС˵
֣
ɣŶСȫͳΪΪ֪һҲһеĹᱻɣΪǶ
ֽɣָǸСżгźŸɣų¡һ³ҲڳԷԼõݡ
Ȼϲë׵Ķ̶ﷹȴϲˡ
ȻҲ³Ŀ⣬ɵЦ
ԶһӶ˹֮ҲһЩСﷹš
ǹģܳԵ𣿡
ЦʵЩܹҲͭǮССһٵķ³ղѾ˲ٷˡ
Բꡱ³ʧ˵
ΪԲ극ͱʾһ᲻ܺȹ֭ϲȹ֭
ûϵղſǳ˲ٷأǹԳԼüɲ˷Ŷ
եĹ֭ǸǺȵģȻ᲻³ȡ
𣿡
³ǰһְһСһϻġ
һԹ۵ү̲ס棬ֱӴ³ǰһСţ
үûиоŵر֮ζ׷һֻһ߲˶ѡ
үҲ֪»ôˣҲûֱӴԼǰһڲι˲һζֱүĴԡ
ȿȿȡ
үû°ɣ
үȵܣֵһ֭ݸүүһζ˲嵭
⻹ǵһȵζ˺úȵҺ塣
úȣ״ǰΪүһ

402ıһ2000

үӾҪȣȴɣŴˡ
꣬꣬Գԣҵġ
ɣָָүĹָָ֭Լʾ˵ˣֻҪԹţ֭ġ
Աߵ³ҧŷӣҲүͷʾԼͬ˵ġ
űӵүβѣҲǲҲǣ˰ɣСӻأⲻȰɣһ̫үδе㶪ˡ
࿴үı飬ֻˣЦҪүӣʹˡ
氢ȥĹˣһٺȡ
ĵүΧͬʱĺӡ
ǰ
Ƶ³ֺǺǵĴߴүΪںȹ֭ʱȷʵһЩСѣҪ£°ǾͲˡá
ү״ʹһɫȻ֭һ
ǵ͹Сӵļ֮Сһ׼ȹ֭ʱ򣬾Ȼǵİ͵ˣ֭滹кܶѡ
ƵĸĸֻСһǵļල£֭Ĺˡɣź͸ɣ²ŷŹǣĺŹ֭
³ס˺¥үȻҲһסˡ
ڵڶһ磬үͦġͬʱ̫ӸҲӿֻһ඼֪Ϊ˯
ԺһյϢ̫ү󰢸磬ɺ¥ϸ˵֮°
ϵó裬ûб󰢸糤ˣаģǲ̫үôġ
ʱԺ

ص
Ϣŭ
ԺﴫΨΨŵŵ
ϢŭҸôϢŭǰȥ̫үҸ󰢸磬أ̫үܾ
ܾ;˰ɣΪ̫Ӹûбλݸߵˡ
֮һܻ̫Ӳϡ
أһ񶼿̫ӸĳˣҵҪô죡
һûһãֻϢŭạ́ԺϾҪͷȥˡ
һصֻϣǰվϺʹϣżվԱߡ
˵𣿡
ϳ˵ģˣߴ»Ĳ豭Ҫˤ
Ϣŭ⣡
ϸϽڣΪ˵߲Ĳ豭ҪĶͷˣڲûа취Ҫڡ
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ڷ²豭Ժ󣬸ɫƵĿˡ
ãá
ϸղ˵⣬Ҳֻǻ֮ƣҪ˵ʲôأʹתӣڿԽԽѿɫʱͻȻһˡ
԰꣬Ȼ̫үŴ󰢸磬ôǱűǡ
ϴ˻һϵɫࡣǶҪǳϣǾȻȰŴ󰢸硣
˵ꡣϸϽ˵
˲öԸСӾ׶ˡ
ͣһ£߽Ը
˵ĵõһֱҲпܡ
һҧرء˵ϣĶ˵ĸ˿ɶ
ŵһֶ˵ȻҲϲ࣬ҪûҪúӵ
Ǻǣ̫ү͹۰λģҪϸǰ£ү谮ҲӲһ
һϲھиİ취ˡ
˲ףϾ̫үŮǲ
ҡҡͷ治ҡ
ûȥֻҪúùס죬Сҵܵܡ
ƲϴΨΨŵŵӡŮˣ޽ʼң·ֻһǾǵõ̫үĳ谮ҪȻֻһǲġ
ǡ
ϵͷӦԼҵܵע͵ܵӣİһ谮ƼҵȨҲ
ָ̫Ӹ̫ү谮ܺù㣬̫үƶ֪ʲôôܵܺͶôֻбסܵܣܹĺõ㡣
ϣȥҾȥ̫үΪ˴ˡ
ϲڿϣָϡ
ǣһͷ󻼡
΢΢һЦȻҲвʣ븮һˣ̫үûֻϸкӹԺҲлź̫үҲ˵ء

403Ҫд·2000

׼ȥԺ㶫غ¥ȴ̫Ӹ˲ʿһ⣬һͷǣүǲǳˡ
ӻ˺¥ȥ׷ʲôԼں¥
񣬸񣬳ˡ
һᣬĽˡһ»ˣѵˡ
ôǲ̫үˡ
ֱվӭʵ
״ࡣ
Ī˵
̫ү¶ǻʹˡ
֮˵
ղūſ񹫹ææȥԺһˣūűǰѯʡ
񹫹˵ү²ˡ̫үʱڹƲ̫̫׼Ұ׵ġ
һô˵ĴʯͷˣֻҪү¾ͺãӺүݱˡǹˡ
ȻˣҲȥ׼׼ɣעŴ󰢸͸ǡڹţ̫һҪˡ
ϣͻȻԸүʱڻʹȻæǹ˲ϸġҲҵʱˣһҪע⡣
߲ŷԸ꣬Ժˡ

ôæôп¥
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Ҳ֪һɣ
˵ͷ
̫үǲū仰̫ү˵ûĪҪ¥
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ӺүһݱôүҪǻνһ޾ǸʱүҪæˡҪӺү飬ֺ£ҪҴ£ҪӺүĺǣоҪһ㣬׼ǻ䡣
Щ¿ɶүһġ
ߺ߻û׼һأ¥ˣ̫ߵĴ١
̫ūŴȥԺһˣ̫Ҫ˵
վһԣϵ࣬˵Ľ̫Ļ
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ͷʹ洺һȥԺ
ʱ˶˳¡̫֪ͨһˡ
̫ͨԺҵ飬ļ󰡣Ȼô̫ү谮
һԺϲûϣǶֱ̫Լλӡ
û£ھڸϵĶ棬̫λȻͬʱ˭˼วүأȻͨȵġ
Ǹ˴󰢸ʹءȻҪеӡ
Ц̫Ӹ̫࣬˲֪﷢˴£ǶǼǳЦ
ȴһԲĿϷڹϡǻЦⲻǻʲô
ˡ
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ν·ԸԴףǶ͵һ㡣
̫˻һЦŵҲЦˣΣ
̫ż
̫үǰ񹫹մүأ̫үִ¡һʱһǻȥԼԼԺūţ˵ʲô˵ʲôҲ
̫û˵ϾӺүûмݱˡ˵̫ԣǿɾ䵱ʥϵˡ
Խʱ̫ӸһһٶӰ쵽Ϊ̫үү
ŮҲ˸ţ̫Ȼ˵ôͱʾʣʱղ࣬Ҳͱʾǵ̫үǻΪۣǽǵϵĺǿǹҫ塣
ЩŮǼ
ǣԼߵūǡ
Ӧ
ȻҲ֪ˣôڶȥ׼š
̫˵
̫˵֮󣬱뿪Ժȴû˵ǴԼѾͷĬĬ뿪Ժ
Ҳ뿪ˣص¥ʱ򣬱Ը˹Ժţ֮ıһɲ¥
ǰվ³͸ɣţǲ׶ﵽôˣ춼ǳȥ棬ȥȥæӡ
ȥ档
ɣűĴȣһ˫ˮĴ۾գգ͵Ŀࡣ
˿ɰŮҲоܾڷǳʱڻǲҪȥĺãүҲ˵ǹԹԴں¥Ը
ŹԣǾԺ𣿡
౧ű߱ȵС˶С˵

404Ӻүݱ2000

ɣŲ׵Ŀ࣬ȥ԰档
࿴ĸɣţ̾һ˵
ȥ͸Ժ棬ã̫ˣڴȥòá
ź͸ɣŽ͡ͼĴ㡣
ĻŸŹ֭ȡ
ɱﵣȻɣһ˵ֱ֡
Ҫཫڵϣһ˫Сֱ֮ܵԼҸߣ³һֻС֣Ҫߣʱڰ֡ҲӦɣŰڰԼ֡Цſǳȥ
ʱĻʹ
үӺүǬ幬Ǭ幬޵ӺүһҰ׵ϡȴϢ
ү͹ӺүǰӺүӣһȺ̫ҽ̫ҽһЩҪ󳼡޵⣬ͷԣϣٺλǫϡϣϣʣ¾һЩˣڡ
̫ӣޡʱղˡ塭ɽޡͽˣ㡭ҪΪաֶ֡Ϊ١ǡǡ
Ӻүϣת۾үȴ˶ģֵƣֲͦģӺүŲʵΪѾˣܿԼ˵Ѿˡ
ʰ꣬һʰ
үĶӺүһͷʱˣҲ˵ʲôʰһơ
ӺүҲЩүı֤ôҵ
ޡġˡ
ӺүβڿүˣǶŴҲ˵ʲôعšֱܾ֮ү̧ͷӺүѾı۾
ʰ꣬ʰꡣ
үϵӺүҲûлӦ
һԵһ̫ҽǰָӺүһ̽ջָүǰڵء
үݱˡ
˻һĻӴ󳼽Դʹࡣ
⣬ҲʼǬ幬ūǣ޵ʼһүݱϾǣǸ
Ǭ幬˭Ҳû˵ڴţԼĪһյĹ򣬿Сˡ
Ӻү¸ǰһүǰ
ȵţµ۵ǻȵ¡
ү˲۽ǵᣬ˵
ˣʰռݱҽʰٻʵ˵ɡ
үѵһҰҪǻδ̫ѿˣÿλϵǻô˵
ɣһ޾
λ󳼣Թүǰ
µ۵ǻ
ǰһĻү֪ʱˣվԷ
ȻˣôǻƳʰ֮پУ뽫ʰٻʵҪ
үһλ󳼣Ӧˡ
ּ
ٺЩ¾Ͳүˡ񸮴ֻҪÿȥٻʵ죬֮ҪӺүȥĹ
Ӻүڼݱ󣬻רӣǶ̫ӸȻҲ
һ𣬱˳˺ϰ׵΢еϲĶղֱðײ
Щײǰ̫͹ģΪ˰סЩľӡ
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ϻӦ˶ëѩ
һҹ̫Ӹ˶û˯š
ڶһ磬ʹµּ⡣
һȵ۵ֺΪ˽бӢʥТܻʵۡ껹ΪӺ꣬ΪǬ¡Ԫꡣ
ڶΪ̫ƾӴ
ȵ۵ȫƾϾǵǵĹȺרŸȵסġ
Щλڴĺ档ڶճҪүԺŮסġ
ּһͬȥϾҵİңƾӵƾӡ
񸮶ǿ²ˣȽҪľŶӦǻ̫ƾ׼޵ķޣݵݡǲ̫סȥ
̫磬ү밲ˡ
ʶ밲
үϥأ̫밲
ʵʱôˡ
̫ƵϣŶһ۵ү
ȴ󱦣кܶ²ף̻ʶ
ү΢΢ףüͷ
ʵ۵ǻæţǰ֮¶λ󳼵ģں֮Ҳý̫ӽˡ
̫һֶŲ豭һֽҿǣᴵ˿ȻСںһڲ衣
ֻǻʶҲ֪Ҳסأ
үüͷĸˣΪ¶ģǻΪۣҪ幬ʺסȻҲҪһֱȵ۵ĵТܻʺ

405λ̫һ2000

үôһ˵̫뵽棬ڿɻסһأ
ϣҵǽˡȻȵ۵ĵޣôŻҪеģȻʵ۶һǣȵȥˣȻסЩ̫סǵĹȺȥɣ
̫󵭵һЦѾʴˣԼҶѼλûнܴѾ㲻ˡ
ǻͬסôӦء
ûʶ˵ȥ
үַ뿪
ʥּĵ
һȵ۵Ϊλ̫󣬾Ƹ
ƸǹȺһ㰲Ĺүס
ڶǴ̫Ӹ̫ģ̫Ϊʺס̽
Ů첢ûв⡣
ڵϣ񸮱ȥϰṬߡ
ҲȥʲôƸ󣬰ȵ۵ޣǴ̫󣬰Ӧסڴ
ʺۣڷ֮ϡ
ť»ֻһĶ˻ʵۣҲҪңȥסƸ󣬰סҪȻҲǨ
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С̫ȰϡҪǿһ̫λֱӴˡ
ҲԼʲôݣ˼˾̫
˼̫Ķӿǻʵһûȡ
Ҳס
ӡ
С̫࿴ʱҲˣǻҪϰԺأҪȻ»ʺ;סˡ
Σλ̫ǲˡ
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Сֱ̫ӣڿϣǶһĸС̫ࡣ
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С̫Ը
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ȵ۸ռݱµ۾͸˲ТȵĿ
ھеȥӣû˶ӣû˷ʲô£ʲô˵Ҳµ۸ոյǻ͸Ҷʲô
С̫Ͽڲԣסµ۵ǻΪТȫǽȵ۵ǶӷˡȻҪﴫµ۲Тڹϡ
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С̫֮ǰǱ̫ȥһˣ˵ľ
̫֪ҪϰṬףԱԸ̫࣬ϲԴΪɡ
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ҡͷť»ϲô
̫ﲻҪˣ峯Ļʵ˭Ҫݶһѹ̫λҲֻһʥּ¡
С̫вҲô˵ʵڤ粻飬Ҳֻˡ
һﰲǰĻť»ϵĶӣʲôǲܵġ
̫˵ֻһʥּ¡
ãҰˡ
ϲòЭĴ󰢸粻ˣҲӦ̫ӣЭʾ
˵ʱС̫ŵıŻضˣԽˡ
ˡź̫Ǩ
С̫һԺӵˣ̫๬ŮС
··ʰҾߵʰҾߡϱ㾲ſǰᡣ
ֱտҲʱȥʱĶұȴһոµļҾ֮Ķ
ߺҪסˡ
ϷһЦʺߣʺǶģǸ
ûϵĻţȵۼݱµۼλ
Ҫʺﵽܻ꣬ܲǼ꣬Ҫ۾úÿš
ϻͷһԼסʮֱתͷ뿪

406үĺ󹬼2000

ڶһ磬ʺ󸻲ϴԼԺūţ˻ʹʽס
ʺһ²ȥԼȥ밲
檸밲򸣽𰲡
ʺ˫ϥ΢΢˫ֽүӯӯһݡ
ʺ
үΪϣȻĵԻʺʱүûֱ̧ӽˡ
ʺȻˣô֮£ʺϵġľȥʻʶϤ¡н޿
үһɫīˮдһġԺ󣬱㽫ۺϣ̧ͷŻʺ˵
ǣסһȥʶ밲˳ʻʶ˼
ʺվ£Ȼ󷽣ҲΪʲôүǻֱ̫ʺ
ĻʺֻҪú¼ɡ
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ү˵һ˿鶼ûУҲһ޼ʣʺһʱȻһҲ˽ϵˡ
£ϼȻæ檱ȸˣ
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ʺϥ֮󣬱Ŵ٣뿪ĵ
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ڽ̩Ǭ幬棬ĵǬ幬Ͻǡĵұߡ
˵ʺԶ·ȥˣȥĿүԼλݡ
һȥ밲ʱϡ
ʺصֱ֮ӽ޵ֽʣݡԱźľֻдٺˣȥʰȥˡ
ʺдϵĵһֱǸϣȻͣ˼һ£żڸд˼ҪΪ
ںµ֡λʺǶûУһɡ֡⻹ǿķϣҪȻʺֻˡˡ
ֻ֣һΣʺûидλݣֱӸš
ںǽϡˡҶϡˡϡˡϡˡϡˡϡˡСϡˡ϶ϡˡ½ϡڡ
ЩŮ˶ǱۡźϵģԻʺλݶͦߵģСϺ͹϶ϣֻǸ檣ȴΪ˺ӣԲŸˡ½Ͼһڶѡ
Ϊš
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Աһֱûпڵ̲ס˵
ǰûҲֻһūŶѡ
ٽӹĻǹ϶ϲҲǻʺǰūͬ˺ӣҲֻǸˡͬϲҲһ
ʺôٺ˵Ҳе´±дһˡ
ʺպȻ뿪ǰ
ʶ밲ʶ򸣽𰲡
̫֮ϣʺؾصĶŻ̫ʰ
ɣʺղŽ
̫ʣΪʺЩӲܽءͽˡ
ػʶϸսȥ밲֮󣬱ʶˡ
̫󣬱ʾˣ⻰Ҳ˵ġ
Ȼʺˣ֮¾ǲʱʰҡ
ʵ̫ҲһͰţܶ϶ôΪѻʺ󣬶ȨҲ˵͸
ǣҲͬ˵ˡԽ밲ʶ￴顣
ʺ΢ЦŶ̫˵Ȼ֣˫ֽԼһֱŵݸʺ
ʶ￴
ʺ󽫴ٵݸԼõ̫ǰ
̫󲢲֪ʲôڿ˸ϣˡ
Ȼ˳ȥԽԽ⡣
ţʺλݶԣֻϣҾǲǸˣ
̫üͷǰͦøϵģԴǰǵһЩϲˣڿʺʱԵľøˡ
֮߱һֱλΪ£ҺܵãⲻȥϷ֪ˮ
ţһλһø߼ҾΪ£ǿ԰ЩŮ빬Ĵ󳼼ҡ
ʺԼĿ˵̫Խ̫ŵüͷһɿֱʺ˵ꡣ
ȻǰˣȻ͸Щˣڽʺ󣬰Ҳˡ
̫ĿŻʺ󡣼
ȻʺѾݺˣҲſԣȥϿ˾ּɣ
̫ʺ󡣻ʺôպã̫˰
̫ӻ֣ڲڲ뵽ϵĺ֮УˣֻҪˡ

407׷Ϊǫʹ2000

ʺ뿪ʱѾʱˡ
ȻعŰɣһȥĵ
ڴͨĵϣٵĵ˵ʺ뿪̫Ӹʱûţ˹һֱæǰæģⶼʱڲţŷ˿ô졣
ˣǽϿ˵
ʺͣûܾͣٵ֮ǰߡΪһΪʺĵһ£оǴеԶһһҪʱأͺĵš
һ͵ˣҪΪʲôǲ˲죬Ϊȵۻûᣬ˶Ц֣ⲽʱˡ
ǣ
ˣ٣Ҫ˶೤ʱġ
˵žѾĵſˡ
֮ͨ󣬡ʺ˽ĵ
򸣡
ʺϥ
ڿϿү̧ͷһۻʺ
ʺˣɡ
ү˵ʺү档
ϣѾݺ󹬽õϹĿ
ʺóݸү
үſ£ڵ
ʡ
Աߵȥϣһֻëʡ
үӹڸǸϣһĲ棬Ȼĳɡ
Ȼ£ֱӸĳɹˡ
ʺſүдλ϶ϲ棬ѵǻϲİš
ڿԽʱ򣬻ʺһ漸˻϶⡣
һûг³ͼүһӣĲ潫˶ˡ
ʺ󿴵ɵǿ˻ȥɫĿү
ϿǾóŲס
ǲס
ү˵
ԻϿǺã
ʺСʡ
үȴûֱӿڣٴʣڽϣҶϣдųڣϣСϣ϶дϹˣµ½ϣϣдŴӦ
үǽ˵λݶѹˣСϺ͹϶Ϊ˰磬ݲ̫ͣҪȻӰ찢ǡүû޸˵λݡ
߾ϣүҲһϤУүҲûиġ
үıͣ£˼һᡣдһɡ֡
дءǱʷһתдˣΪΪʧ֮ʧϾûмԺʱˣλҲС
ڳ˻ʺ⣬үĺ󹬱ûλϵŮ죬λֱ͸ϣλλӦλ
ϣϵλǲǵ˵㣬Ͼڸ߱Ϸˮأ
ʺԥĿү
Ѿڸ߱ϸһλô⡣
ү̫ıʶ֮ϡһˣ֮ϡ
檲˼Ȼˣ檶顣
ʺϽͣɲϡ
񣬽õķùʺơ
үʺתͷ񽫽ķŶù
һĸšʺһĸţֱǡ𡱡˳
檾ĸŶǲ֪׼Ǽλã
ʺ̽ʵ
үֱ˳ڸϵϡ
ȻָСϺ͹϶Ϸֱˡ𡱺͡
ּүϵëʣɫȥһּ
ү䣬һƯġѡּ֣ϡ
ǣ
ʺԵĿүȻѾ⼸˷ţôôд
ϣȥּɣ
үʷ£˫дšѡֵֽŸ
ףҪѹʵĺ˶ˣһŶѣүȻױд
ϣ檻һ£
ʺųȥżͬү˵
ү̧ͷôŻʺ󣬷ǻʺ֪ô˵
ҲүšӲͷƤֱ˵
ûλݡ˶Ǻã
ʺ˵֮һֱү˫ۣһŭү
үȷʵû뵽˶һӰ춼ûУ˼ӣô׷ҲҪġ
׷Ϊǫʹɣ
ү룬ȻǵŸǲġ
ǡ
ڻʺ뿪ĵ֮󣬽ʥּҲ뿪ĵ
һ׷󰢸׶ϣΪǫʹ
һĵ̫ȥ̫Ӹ
ʥּ
ʱһ̫Ӹ˲ʱ̫Ӹڱ㿪ʼˡ
첻ŵĺ¥ҲڴԺţԺţֱȥû˵ǰԺΪʥּǰԺ
ൽǰԺʱ˻ûеּС̫໥ŵǡ

408ңһ2000

Ҳ֪ʥּʲôһյ軹ûк꣬߰˰ˡ
յ賹׺꣬Ҳڵˣ¶ˡ
λСǶˣūžͿʼּˡ
С̫Աߵվһ⣬ϲ顣Ƕ߰ˣϾҲ˭ĵ
ֻϲǲЩŮ첢û֮顣
ˣʵگԻ
½ΪӦӴ㹬ΪӦӴ⹬ΪӦӴ⹬
λ׼û޹˾ųɶǴӦˡǲûʲôӦ
Ϊھ̸ҶΪھ͹ΪھӾ
˱Ҳ벻ǴӦ
СΪ˷š𡱾͹϶Ϊ˷šӾΪ˾Ӵ⹬Ϊ˷š̸
һּǴӵλλݵλԼֻһ˵ʱǽһ
ҲšҪһϡϲôҵġ
˵žҪվȴּһŵĹȥ
ˣūּģּү˼κβսʥʱֻڲҪ˵Ĳ⡣
С̫࿴䲻ҲͶʮӣȴǳܱȵġ
ߡ
һٸһǧҲֻһּ
СϺ͹϶϶Ϊ˹ˣзţνĸƾӹ󡣾ǰλݵף˺ǻǻᱻϼסġ
ϾͲ˵ˣǰһʱ϶ģԸҲ
ʣ͸ûв⡣
أνүٲҲڹȥ˵жôó裬˵үӣ֪λݾڹˡ
ڸϣġ̫ӸǲҲǻϵĵ󳼣ôô˵һλˡ
ڿŵһȺʱﲻЩ
Ϊɷšѡ
˻һڳ˶˶˼Ŀǰŵࡣ
ֻһλǻܽܣϾӣһţҲܽܣϾ˼кӣֵó衣
˽ܲ˵ıס
񴡱Ϊ֮⣬ָǻʺס˼ΪйסĿɶʢ衣
ڳ˶⣬ǻϵ˼ҲΥҲһһ뵽ԼλһͷǹɲҲɢˡ
Ϊɷš˳ӳǬ
С̫˻һ˵ʱûʲôӦϾǰǸѾǴ𺳣Ըϵһ㶼ȡ
ǲȣͲϲȡһֱǣԼǸλأ
ǲŪˣҸǸ߱󣬻ôֻһλ
Ϲڵϣ̧ͷǰּ̫࣬ŵҡҡͷ
˳⻰ԩūˣʥּϰֽдūž㲻ʶ֡ūžԲϴɡֵġ
С̫ǱԼʶ֣ɻﻰⶼ˵ȷȷʵʵֻһɡ
ھôģС̫һ仰û˵ֽдһī㶼ûУôŪˡ
ȻūŵʥּѾˣôλСȥʰʰ׼빬ɣ
ʥּһ£ǱҪ빬ġҲҺ˶Ѿڻʺ빬󣬾ͿʼʰˣҲҪʰֱװˡ
ǳҲнġλݸߵУλݵ׵˵һϱװŸϵж
Ҳͬ⻹ֻǸʼ֪ԼԺԲֻͣλϣϾ˵ˣûбҪ͸һ
ߺ󣬵ڶģֻĶһװ꣬ΪĶӵģֻġװ
˽³͸ɣűϳȻԼŷϳϳʱ򣬸оǰȺ֮дһȵĿ⡣
̧ͷȥһ־·涼һЩա
ǵĿǴ־мǸϴģ
ܸо˺Ϥȴһʱ벻ֱߴ٣Ż
Ǹ߲ûΪתƣһֱȵʧȺƿ
ǰˣˣԼչ˵ǵһ㡣ںǳںʹӦ
һ·ҡҡλΣ֮ǰȫ˻ʹǾ㵽ˣҲֱϢҪױȥʺ̫밲

409ʲôɣ2000

ൽ֮󣬷ȷʵǸõط
5䣬ЪɽǰȡʩʽʻΪֽסȹţΪ֧ժơ
ûľ͸ϲȵ÷֣ûľ͸ɲ֦֣붫μμҼøǰ衰˫ˡ磬̨³ͭͭסͭ¯һԡ
ԻӺԪ͵Ϊ3Ӳɽ͵5䣬ǰţܳȣӲɽжǰоͤ1
ҲֻǴ¿һ£ΪҪȥʺ밲ӷִǣԼ뿪ˡ
ʺԶԼĪһյĹ͵ˡൽ֮ʱѾżˡ
˼ൽˣӭ
밲򸣽𰲡
һʱûзӦǸʰ
ֱڣŷӦ
°ɣ
ʱſ˶˭
㹬չˣ½ӦӴ⹬ĴӦӦ
ȽϽĹ
º˭ûп˵ԺŸԱ裬ǲȲҶģϢһػصܡʰǽģҲ۰
û½ˣе˸˲ˣ˵ȻǸϺˣΪλݺĲ̫Զˡ
ǲȻҲԸ⿴˸ˡǰˣȻΪūŵ໹λݸߣôŹ
밲򸣽𰲡
ǰվʰ
𣬰˱ѾԱˡ
ǰͷˣ˴󰢸磬ֻӾӣĺáﻹҪԼĺӲźأ
İˢʶǰֱֱ˭˳ֱۣ˵ɽǳԴҩˣûǰһ
ŪƵĲС
˼޶ԣȻ˵
죬ɥڣҲˡǺǡ
һİûڣԼ˵ʲôĻˡ
ҲˣⰲԼģҪһġ͹ĹϵЦӡ
沿ĵĵͷһԼȺǣȻʵ̧ͷ
˻Ϊ಻˵ʲôأﶼóЦ׼ˡ

˵ûǱѵѵˣ졣
бۿһ۰ˣȻֱ˶һϷı顣Ҳûλݸߣ͵һ㰲ǰ̫ӸΪͲֵ顣
ҿ˭ҡһùˣ֪˵ʲôȻﵱƹ
ɫһ䣬ôҲˣϾֻһˡҲܰװװ
ŰˣֱӴվߵ˵ǰ
ΪߵԭС磬ǰȴ÷ǳĿԵʱ򣬰վƵġ
ֻɲͨˣСԽСѧͿʼѧǣɵҲʲô˿ԱģǰֲԭϳŮӡ
ɥЦǶȵ۵Ĵ󲻾֮ֻѣð˳ԡʡԺ˴֪졣
ĿŰˣֱ˵꣬˺һǰ˻ûзӦʱ򣬶ŰŰ۵ֱӾһơ
Щһͷβһǳɡһȥֱӽ˴ˡ
ôû˴һһΰ򣬿밲жôˡ
ϣһūųȻҴҡ
ŰһƿԼǰꡣ۾ݺݵĵࡣ
һֻ̧Ҫȥ
ž

ǴӰϴģʹҲǴӰ˵﷢ġ
˲ŵ˫ס˫աתԼһֻֻصȭſȭſ
ΪһȻ򰲹˵ģ໥õģۣҲ۰
ʲôǽأ¹ܱǰǸʲôġڱɣֻһˣֱ䣬·ϡ
޵˰һۣﰵšµϸƤģһȥĶһƬ
˻ˬֲϲͷˣõƹˬԼܷһɾҪͷˡ

410Ҳ磨2000

㣬㣬Ҫȥһϡ
۵죬ǻвࡣ
ߣΪСӴܰҼҳ涺
˭Ҫޣ
˼ҵʱ⴫ү
ϷҲˣͨͨվſϥ
򸣽𰲡
ںĻʺ̫ͨææӵڳ
򸣽𰲡
ʺվүͬϥȻҲһֱơ
ɣ
үϷΣֱ˶¡
ϣҪΪ檲Ҫģ׾ģǵﲻˣͷƹ
˿޵ǽһ滨꣬ˣΪίһ
Ŷɡ
үתͷڵ࣬ЦĻüۣүεһЦ۰˵Ƿʵƽƽġ
ȴ﷭ۣ̲ס²ۡⰲĪǱɵˣ⵹һϴ̫ӸùˡأǱүˡˣ˼ҵһζУΪڶξˡ˵ɵɵ
Ա߰²ۣȴżˣڰԡ
үǰ˲ȵۣҼӲūų־棬·ϣָҼӵ˵Ҽֻһūšǰ˵ġ
ſڵϣͷֱ˵ʱͷû̧
ıʱүתԼµĳͷŻ޼ɵ
ˣ㻹ûѧ˵ĵߵڰס
ʺʱ֪һˡһֱںױûļȴżŰ˺
ȻˣôԺ󰲹˾ʹ̸úѧѧذɣ˴ߡ
үһ£²ܰģ̫ˡ
ڰߺ֮Уѻȸǻʺƽ֡
ôˣ
үһſ
û¡֪ʺһʲôš
ʵүڵ֪ˣҪȥ໹ȱȱߵſڲŷ಻ڡⲻתˡ
һ׼ȥʶ밲Ҳǵһ빬밲
ʺ˵ỹ²͸үΪʲô
޾ͻĵȥȥʶ밲
ү˵ʹ뿪
ȥ˴ڴҲûзʲô¡
ֻ̫ƿԼʱ򣬾һ˲䣬˱ϾǼ˵ģתͷͻָ
̫ҪϢΪɣ˶ȥˡ
صʱ򣬶Ѿ˸ŵʱˣֻر
һ̫Ƕһζǻϴš
Ӧڣ˶ĵˣ˵ʮʹʮʺʮĵ̫ʮ
ÿ˰˵ÿһӶʮζҶġ
үҲ˵ˣöꡣҪȻƶҲܳꡣ
һ֮󣬻һŮһ֮ϱ뿪ˡ
ȥȴһƻֻ֭ɫʵڲôÿЩ¿ɿڵĲһȣֱ޷ۡ
֪ү⣬֪Сϲȹ֭ϲ裬ֻϲͻ͹֭˱׼һ֭ǡ
һЦϸүôܲϲ
ŹˣϲĹ֭Ŷ
ŵˣһһеһԶԶĿЦֵģȥֲҵӡ
ǽʱү˽ֻﶼȥ԰һЩ޳衣
ôһȥɣſɲˣϾСͺֻһ𳤴͵ļˣȻͿʼƢ
үΣֻ˽͹ֻܽʹ˹ϾҰޡһ˵ˣô졣
ڽеʱ򣬸ɣŵСƢҲʹˣһСˡ
࿴ԼҶӵĿС񣬾ԺһҪ˶ЩëСĻëҪȻԺɾͺ治һˡ
ҪСһǽҲһˡ
³ţĿģǸɣȴˣϲЩʳ
ϲС̸⣬ɫǹϾŴСޣִ廨ŵʳС
ȻҲ˸ɣŵĲԸ˵
й֭Ŷ˭ԹԳԷ͸ǸĹԺӺȹ֭
˻һԸоɣʡӶˡ
СһǵıϡЩԼĲ;ߡ

411ʳүһ2000

ϴӱǱ֮һЩ³³ߵһЩ
ⱦΣɹӣоСһŵĿӣǰǵĴСġ
ڿʼһҪǵĶԣҲøɣᵽԷȤԳԷˮԼɣڹԶĳʳʱǲְæ
ʱǶܲˣԼΪʲôҪôΪڻҵİǣ඼ǳ껹ιųԣ˯
ǲҲ׸ǽͲִͨ˵˼룬ҲˡֻҪľˡ
ĸ˳ԵĶǶԲԲǻʣٲˣǶȥԡϾ˷ˡ
ཫӺ˯֮󣬽ţԼص
ȴүѾϺȲˡ
ү밲
û˵ʱ໹ϰ߻үΪүϲʲô̫үϣʥϣүġоһ㶼Сүͬòá
ү⼸ûүû
ү֣໺ߵүǰʱ򣬱үһѽ뻳С
үˡ
ſүС˵
ûˡ
үһһģ֪үЦ
ͷһովүԵ񲻼ˣԼˡү
ү§ֲսѾûмҲûʲôˣеˣڿɲʱԳԲȵǿԵġ
үڻǻǰأ
ſүǸСĸֻ¡
⻰һڣүһԱĶͷϡ

Сүһ²ֻۣеͻȻ
ʲôأģɥڣүôʳ𣿡
үȻ֪Լõ󣬵ڳһָֻŶͷյǸط
̲סֹүƣϢ
үôˡѵǸС˱ˣǶ죬磬ʱȴǺүʱģ˯ʱ
СûĵģүϰϰȱȱȱûвϣǾǬ幬ã
ʲôС˵Ĵʹˣһ˶ѣ㰡ԺɲҪԼ֪𣿡Ķ˰ɡ֮󰡿ɲҪ۸ˡ
ү۵ֻ֣ȻԻఴĦĦʵڳ۶
ĿүǰôûзүʵͦɫġʱɥڣүҪһʱˡү
Թʵͦ⣬ү᲻˰˵ġүûнⰲ˷
ڿǳ˻ʺ⣬λߵ˭۸ңҾ͡
˵ţ˫һݺȶƣƿеҿ˼
ŵү̲סһֲʥԣΨСŮҲŮ˼Ҳܿ¡
ֻҪүʱ
һ׶̧֮ͷү˵
ɵ࣬үôٷһλѹͷأ󣬳ʺ⣬ûԽĹ㡣
ү˫ֱסԴĿԡ
ţ
үͷ
ʱ䲻ˣϢˡһҲۻˣү뿪ˡ
ү˵ţͷſ࣬վ
үʱҲˣҪϢɣ
үҪ裬үʹɲǰ̫Ӹܱģʮ̫ӸûһϾǴ󣬶үػصܡүҲˣҲۡ
˵ɵ㻹ţȵɥڣүǲܵ󹬾޵ġһүҪȥٻʵȵ飬Լ˯ɣ
үοС֡Ȼת뿪
үߺźϴޡ
ڶһ磬㴫ˣĵһ죬Ͼȥ
ϢһūҲע⣬֪Ǳߴ
ŵʱ򡣷ֽͦģԶԶһλеĴ
Ŀꡣ̾һ˵
ӣŷТӵġ
Тˣڻ¸ɡ
Щ˾͸ǽͷһǱ߷ǱߵǹүˣԽкö
ǵһΣҲһΣԺǧˡ
ĶһḯΪ󹬾ͬһСְԲעͻᱻнְͣںҲһһעⶼпɱ֮

412Ҫʧˣ2000

֣صĵͷʾԼ֪ˡ
ϵһʳҲûгԶٱˡ
ȵۼݱĵ죬ҲҲʣ˾ˣԽһӣʹҲ׼Ӻүȥ갲ᡣ
һǶֵַԼ޹Ҳȥʺ̫밲
ҲֵУѩȺȲ裬ԼҶŮ棬ʱҲ͹ȥˣ
һ磬һ£ȥٻʵȵ۳ӣдСҪСȻҲ⡣
үİҲˡ
ؾصվ֮󣬽ʲôףΡ
һӺү뿪ϾǣŮ춼͵ſڣŰ֮ͿԻȥˣҪͳȥүȴûȥǻˣһлҪ
Դ˴Ļү硣
үȵ۾뿪˾ǡүһֱĵûȥκ
ȵТڣүҪТʮ߸£Ҳ£ǲܳҺ󹬡
˵үҲܱԵںֱ֮ǰûȥ࣬Լһûס
ҲΪ˻ʹЦЩŮ̫ǡΪһóأҲһѡΪˣ⼸ʳöȶȲ̫Ӹʱ
ӺôҲλҲ̫۸ˣۿ˵͵ĶһϹǵĹۡ
߷߲ƽĿߣЩеĶˣҲã߰һѡ
ЦĿʹקŻŵôԽԽⲻ
ˣù⡣
֡
ɲҸ£ֱӾܾ
ǿɲУӣūūţɲū¡
ˣɾʹʱá
Ҳȷʵôģȵ۲ųϾǣòҪڻʹϹתƣ캮ضģ䡣ԴʱõĶˡ
ô˵ҲͲŤˣߵ֮ϡ
ϵĻףһԣ㿪ʼЩͷ
ȴһֹģ
ƲһվͷҲ̧ʵ
˵ʲô˵ɣܵġ
ʻԥһſڵ
治⹬Щ˵ġ
ô˵̲סüȻķԱߡ
⣬ΪʲôҪ⣬⹬Ҫе㻰⹩۰ҪȻ̫Ȥˡ
ȷʵ춼ûˡ
ںĲĻҲˣôࡣ
ɼȥεʵ
룬ҲȷʵûС㲻ĳҡҡͷ
ǲ͵ˣʲôʱȥ˱Ĺż
ֽԼõ߷ڸոЩ档
ζһ˼ϽıҲʧˡ
ūž֪ϻǳӵġ
˵֮󣬾Ϳĵı뿪ˣںжûнл
εҡҡͷϻףּԼС顣
Ϊ˴ƹĴƵģϣյүҪȥĵ̱ʵĿ͡
ν̱ʾ˼үддԱ߶˲ˮĥīֽ
ڽӵү֮󣬻һѣȻɫΪѾҪٴˣ֮ȥĵ
ൽĵʱүûۣ֮ϿȲ衣
ү򸣽𰲡
үĵԼүҪҪʰġ
ү飬ࡣЦ˵
үþöûм㣬ôؾصˡ
ү˻һಢûиоʲôүȴһ㶡ΪʲôҪ˵þˣʶҲͲһ¶ѡ
ҲȻϲ檸ʰԺÿμˡ
ഹԴĵ˵檶˵ˣɼе㲻ˡ
үȻҲˣҲԼΪʲô˵þöû仰ˡǸϽȥװࡣ
˭˵үϲˣүһ㶼ϲү˵ˣ¹ġ
ү齣ŵԼոŵĵطүʱ䳤ˣȺأһ߻ģһ·϶ˡүһӦůůͺ͵ġ
ҲȷʵĲУڸоϵů֮󣬻ꡣ
үǽг檹̱ʵĵôôҪŶأ
ǹô˵ģΪүûнˡ
Թԣˡ⳼ȥģүʵȿȲȥȥ
үǰĲ豭Էġ

413ʮ2000

үѾϰΪˣֻүҲܼ
ǰһ˵ĮУǰһ߶߶ůС
ĻţϲģҿӺһСڣҲͱʾ಻үˣүҲһŮ˿治ú塣
˵үΪʲôأɾǳϦˡүдҪɣ
Ĳ豻Ŀү
ģү͵ү˵͵ʱ򻹺Сĵ˵ͺ˶͵˵һ̿
үЦˣԼҲãֱ£ֻҪ࣬үƣҲָܻ
үƴ԰ɣ
ſү˵ţΪʲô֪ΪдԶᴫүĶУֻү벻ܣûү֪֪ġ
еĴԣү̱Ϊɣĵ
ү
үȻڿ࣬ϵıȴ˵ôŮҵġ
ɲ𣿡
ͷһ
Ǻǡ
үĿŶ࣬үôС粻ֲܿģҪźá
үĵ̱һϢȥķֿʼת䣬ЩߣڹĥĿʼ취ȣһֱͽļ취ͽᣬΪǶ±㲻˵Т
ʮϣǺүĵšʱԽԽТүȥޣҲĵǬ幬ޡ
үʱ䲻ˣٲ뿪Ҳòߡ
֮ǰүһҪȥ㣬ϲܺȾƣԶһ󴮡
տʼرжүԼǵүһ˵֮ഩ϶ĵԺү׷Ƕһ飬λˣʲôȥʱ캮ضСĻ
үʵڲģȻ׼
ΪѩԵʣү֮ϣĿһƬɫ
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ү֡·һԶ£ææһƬɫ֮䣬һζ
үͻԺ󣬱ԼǬ幬һĻǱĵ֮ūƵС
˵ҥԳˣ˵Ļϲҹ˾үԽͻ
ֻһ඼֪
ڶһ磬⣬ΪÿϦ﹬ⶼűףˣȴûһ˿
ӣˡʮһỹҪȥʺ밲أ
һˮ˽ϲá
ʮôһ㶯ûУ
Ϻİɫ£Ȼϴ硣
ȵۼݱĵһ꣬ǲűڵģүҲּˣһдӼ򡣡
˵ĿյѾһƯͷ
ԣֲãϣһû
ҿ˿ͭԼĶͷ۰׵СͦıӣС죬Ҳһ׼û˰ֻ˳е׳ݶѡ
һҪȥʺ밲ôǸαȽϺã·봩һ
ǰСӶ򿪣Լѡ
ѡ֢˵ʵ̫ˡֿТڣܴ̫֦չ
ѡһһľͳɡ
ȥһɫװͦׯġ
ʰˡȥ
ǵʱ򣬺󹬴ССѾˣ˻ʺͰ⣬Ӻү֮󣬾ֻص״̬ʮүûдųҪļʼΪˡ
򸣽𰲡һȥʱԵСǣվʰ˳ɣϾͬλݡ
˳ɣɣá߽ǰ棬һֱ̫ʦϵ˳ɱվ˲ûʲôƣֱţ໥
㰲Լλϣȴʺ
޵ĻʺҲˣֻ˻ûе룬һֱȲ裬ܲһȺС밲ɡ
Ѿˡ
ǻʺϢģһȥʺ

414밲һ2000

ȻǱȥɣʱҲˡ
ʺĲյһһֻ֣״ǰŻʺĸ첲
߰ɡ
ʺһ£Ŵ٣ڵ
֮˵ģȲģġһʺֹͣԼ£ͻȻͷ˾һ
ʺ򸣽𰲡
˶Ļʺϥ
λöɣʺ̧֡ʾ˶¡
ʮһꡣǶǴǱۡˣԺҪźûϣ̫ΪԺ½ʡ
࿴Ŷڷ֮ϵĻʺ󣬻ʺǺ֮ףׯţʲһĺá
ǽʺ̻塣

ˣʱҲˣȥ̫밲ɣ
ʺ˵֮˳ȥ˳ɽں˺ˣʣµλֵߵߵ
һȺ˺ƺƵȥ
һ·ʱ俴ľɫеôϲ죬סӵİײȥĶǰɫ
һ·Ҳû֣ܰ
˴󣬲ûм̫Ҳֻܵšû˸ҷֻܾŵȡ
̫ݵ
̫ϸﰲŵ˶վʺ
檸̫밲򸣽𰲡
̫ȻһɫװڹȴС
ɡ
̫֮ϣʺֱ̫ߡ
˳ɷڵµףڹ˼ڴûʸµġ
ʶʮ檴밲
ʺЦԼֵ̫˵
ˡ
νֲЦˣ˼ҶЦ˵ȻҲҪЦݡ
ǳǸġ
һԵ˳ɲ쵽Ҫ̫̫ڻϸǰϲޣֻҲá
̧̫ۿ˳һۣûнĻ˳ɵ˼̫᲻֪
Ҳ㣬ȥ˳ɵ̴ˡ
ûǰʱɫãȵȥˣӣһỹҪƹù̫ҽơ
̫һͷ̫ɫԾȻ˵ױڲסƣ֮ɫ
ôһ˵ʺתͷϸ˿̫ɫȻһɵб࿴һۡ
ﰵ룬ɲܵõϵĻģ˲ò˼Ҳϸ塣Ҳֻ̫עǣȴһֱע̫󡣹ֲ˼ܵõϵĳ谮
˵ģ̫ǧ֮壬ôᲡ˲֪Ҫġ
ӦͻȻվ˳һڷҲʮˣӦһվǿɾ˵Ŀ㡣
ڷĶεҡҡͷôоүԺЩŮ˶ӡ
ǰһ½ϣһ£һӦУرࡣ
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ʵĪ̫Ӹ࣬үҲɹ˰飬ȴʲôϢûУеֻͻȻô̫Ӹ
үԼĸоܸܵ޶⣬еֻһĵĸоԸֻҪΣ彭ɽ֮£԰ݡ
Щ˵ԶˣĿǰ˵ӦǴڷ¡
̫ΪͻȻᵽе㲻Ӧǰ̫ҽˡ
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Ӧ̫ͷôһͣʱ޹⣬ĬĬ˻档
ڻʺ˳ɣһһûã֮Ѹٱ任飬ǰ̫ĵ˵
̫һҪط壬ˣǳǵĸ
̫Ҳֻǻ΢ЦԸ˳ɶ˵ʲô˳һӻңֻܲĵĲ˵ȴ˼ͷϣΪû¹̫ɫòøʲô
̸Цʱ洫һϼݵ
һɫ۵үӭŷ˪˽ϻ˲ѩ˶ëѩ
෢ֹŴıرѩԺͷѩҳˣΪʵ̫ˣ˴һװʵǶഩһ£ΪȽСԿѡ
򸣽𰲡
Ůϥʰ
үȴֱӣֱԼ˶ߵ̫ߣŵ˵
ɡ
֮Ͷ̫
⻰
Ƽ顶а
1v1˫࣬ǿŮǿ裬ϲСŮӡ
ΪĵճŮӦȴףﲻֻһŵ壬ϲʵ
½ѵһȴϸתϰ
ΪԼ֮ˣŬϰֹԵΪоһںϹϧΪҩޡ
ȴͳһ½֮ʱһҪ
ԭѾԼðͨȫ˶Ϊ
ٴ֮ʣȴֻɽϵèá
ҿ֮ǰ֮ĸŮҶԹԽ
½ǿ۹ͳ߹ڤϲŭ޳䡣˵һ˸ҷɲ⡣
ȴɽ֮ϼһֻССó裬ԴԼ
½֮ˣֻҪһèõˣ޲

415Ůһԣ2000

Ӹʶ밲ʶ򸣽𰲡
ʵ۲ض񣬿ţô䣬ʵ۾Ͳùˡ
̫һ˪үʾƽ¯Ļ㣬ɲϣүһ˾˷ð
Ϧôܲʶ밲֪ʶɰ
ү̫ұ£һĵʵͬʱվŵĻʺ¡Ϊʺǲŵġ
Ҳһֱ⻻˵طһʱӦѣЩʱձˡҲ÷ϣǰ¶࣬ĪԼ̫ˡ
̫Լûʲô£Ҳүġ
ĸ˵ĶԻֱЩ˶ǿΪ˼ѹûпһ۲үĸͦġ
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ʶ尲£Ҳ䣬ʶҪǼįˣ˴ʺǹ˵˵
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𣿰Ǹϸĺӣǻϲůˣû¾ˡ
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ү滹ºͣҪȥĵкܶ£ϳϦ绹йʹ͡Ҳǳ밲
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ûиʲôģӻأ
Ŷӿꡣһ㶣Ӳ̫ôô
Ϊݣȥ밲ֻܴһŮ겢ûиŽȥ֪淢ʲô¡
Ǻǣ֪ӳûԶ٣ź̫ˡ
͵Ц
ûĵһȻĿꡣ
ūȥŷӴʳ
˵žҪߣֱһ첲ͣסˡתͷҡҡͷ

겻ԵĿࡣ
ҵԵľУñ˵ڴ̫ţȻûԱȥŷţǴҪô룬˵ǲҪȥˡ
಻ϣһС£һ粨ҪôСô粨ڹģô˵дġ
ū֪ˡ
ͷǸģˣȻƢԡ
ǹҲûֳɵĳʳü漴üͷһɣ뵽ʲôߵǰ
ӣûУв죬Ҫūȥõ㡣
ʵ
룬ԼҪŶӵȵϦڳԣȥԼŮһʳڹĶ£ǾԼҹŮһʳ
㿴ڲڣڵʱãǧ𱻿ˡ
Լ̰Ů˵ЩСı֪͵ˡָ᲻Ƣء˵͵͵ĺãڸȥ
ͷȥˡ

416ĵ2000

ϦʱңгϦĵطǬ幬Ľ̩ｻ̩ԶûߣȵԼоʱˣŴϦȻٲ˸ɣź³
һȺ˸ߵ̩ϵĹսǴչ˺½Ӧ
򸣽𰲡󰢸񰲡
˶ϥԺֶС
ΪǵλݵͣүĶŮҲҪġ
ǻ֮Լ³͸ɣ˵
Žˡ
չˣ½Ӧ
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չЦſ³ǣȻϲ࣬ﻹеĽģԼȥǱۡʼûźү˾ڿкӣҲûõġϾһ˺ӵġ
չ˵ʺ³϶ǲشģ༰ūʱ³ŻֳյСеģǾͻѵү档
һСҲ˵һģ
Ǻǣ󰢸绹ͬǰһ̫˵
ˣֻԼ¡
ǲϲ˵
յĸɣͻȻˣûסô˵˳⺢ʵ̫ʵˣԴ˵ʲô˵
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һ˼ԣ㲻˵ˡ
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˻һ඼оεϢӣһչһɫ
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ಢŻɣţǹôʵĺҲıȽ磬ǽһá
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ǾԲԼĻô
ˣԺ㳤㣬ڸ˵ɣ
йĸɣŸ֡
ã֪˼˵㱿أ
һʱһ·û˵仰³ͻȻˡ
⻰˵˻˵ôɣھͿʼˣȻûޡȴίġ
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ŲģûôΪġ
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һûȫ³ȥǱ³ֿʼ̨ˡ
ô˵ѻ˵ñġ
³һͬĿ࣬Լ˵һ㶼ãҪ
౻³ôһ˲һ֣ôô뽫³ضһĳ嶯Ϊ⺢ʵ̫ʵˣת̨
ǶˣﲻӦ˵ѣǶû˵űֻǲͨѡ
һﰵ˵
ԭû˵Ǿ˰ɡ³һԭû˵ı顣
ھһԼ̫ˡŮŲͨģΪȻһĺˣת
Ҳǹˡ
౻³һ֮޾ɵĴ߽̩
ϯлһүһЩҪ󳼡Щ˿ǴĶүЩ˿μӳϦ硣
λ±ߣһλã˳ɣˣˣչˣڵˡү㣬Բû
³˳¸ɣţǶ磬硣ĶҲˣҲһˣİҲպһΪȵ۵ԭԲ죬͸ųϦһˡ

417Ҳ۵ģһ2000

İ绹ûйһʺһģʺڻû̩
ţʹ̫ϸ
ʺݵ
һ۵Ļʺ󣬴İһͬڽ̩ſڡǶҪӭڡ
ʺǧǧǧǧꡣ
ڻʺ֮˶
λ𣬻͵
ֻܼš
һյĹ򣬽ָ̩̫͡
ϼݵ
үʹ񻺲Խֱм֮ϣ
ү߸˽Կʼݼ
꣬
λ𣬽ʮ֮ϸôһ
ү䵭̩ÿһ䡣ŮǶͷš
ΪǳϦ磬ڽ̩үʣµľүĴСˡ
κȵۼݱܣΪТ޾һдӼ򡣡
үʺ
Т˳ȻҪЧУİǻϵĵӣȻҪһТ
ʺ⻰ǿүТ˳ʵڿԼĶӡ
Ȼʺ裬ҲǰԼĶѧϰҪүעһİ硣
ʺ˵ǣ޵ĶȻǺõġ
εһЦȻԻʺûоﻹİġ
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үֱӿ³һ㶼ԼҶӣ˲죬һ˻û취
³һŷӦԼһʰء
ʻҪվػģʵˣֱ׼ԼСǰػ
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ΪȡһעôԺҲá
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Ų˸ǰ˵еԱաԴԺȷʵࡣ
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ǳ⡣ŵȹǱڵϣǰү˵
ԩ֪ʲôʲôŮġ֪˵Ǿ仰ﲻˣȻ
˿޵ǽһ滨꣬ίһ

418ү˧˧ͷ2000

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ү§ӵС֡ҪһͷҪȻͰˡ

419Ƶĺ

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420͡һ

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ʱүȻҲ˲Ծòƺ񡣽ûǵడǿű飬ȴôһ¡
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үȻҲܵڿڼתͷһࡣģһ

432ҧ

ȻҲİˣһӦġû֪ˡ
ܣʲôҲûСʯͷҲʾǳ檶İҲп԰ūܴɨʱûдɨɾһġ
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˼ЦţƲ˽ŵӦһۡ˵
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ɣŵͷɣŵС·ԼһһĸɣŴãһűȥ
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435ϲоͰ죨

үӹɣźһӾͳȥѾһ嵭ɿڵʳ
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436ĸŮϣһ

ү뿪֮󣬱Ը񣬴ּТһӽ
ТĵݣϺֱȥ
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ϰǰ˫ַڵϥ֮ϣҲһƣֻλúһ㡣

ūţֻ꣬кǡ
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ҡŮТö굣ˡ
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ۿᣬĸ첲ӵվ
ཫϷ֮󣬱ԼԱߡ
ŮТˮ֮һҩȣҲŻؾ
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죬ͺãֲýϴǶˣԭǸһϲء
˫˫֣ڿüǵ˺ʱüͷ
üô£
࿴һۺˣӣŽ֮˵
ĳȻۣЩﲻæǼΨһģиҡ
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Ҳί
չһЦȻĿĵ³͸ɣ֡
Сһܵǰ
Źˡ
Сһ֮ǰˣȻ֪öָ˵Ů˭
ĸ
ģĶʰ
󰢸磬
վСģ۵ĿһԺӡ
ŹոպľСˣˡ
ཫСһԼȻŲԶա
С̰
ձϾһδ޵ŮӣԻӸĲ֪ô졣
㣬ң⣬ǡ
ֽŲģ˵˸顣
û£ܵһݡ
࿴ɣź³ȻĻӹҲҵѪˣǾС
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࿴뿪Ŷϼ˵
ϴ˴δǽҪŮ
˻һˡ

437ȥһ꣨

ΪΣ
Ϊ귢̫£˵һŮƽͻ£оǻѾǵǫʹڻţǹҾͺͻˣͰŮں¡
סϵ֣ĵĽ
ҲǸˣ˵ʺ֮У˵֮ˡ
ȻǱҲ㰢˵ˣôǵ˼ɣ
˽ö֮˵һĵĻ뵽Լ˫̥ܵܡ
ƺƷҲʮ˰ɣиɫʵĵѡ
ԼҵܵǵĻ£໹ĵġ
ûأⲻָТڣǳɲ˻ˡ
ᵽ£ϾͲɵ̾ϢӸյˣȴТڣɳˡ
ĪģѡкʵѡҲ԰ſһ£ȹТڣٸ˼ӣңڹĵλʲôĺ˼ŮҲ
⻰˵ģƾһŮڹó裬ͻвٺüźء
ôһ˵ôһ£Ʒƺ¶ˣͷˡ
ĸŮû˵ĻֱʱʱĵϢ˵үТ˾ĵˣôĸŮˡ
˯ʱϱ뿪ˡһﶼըˡ
ֻΪүһּ⡣
˼˵СҸʮʱĸѰˣ뿪ˡ
ⲻû꣬ĸȥˣҶϿ콫ӻؾǣŮ
˹ȻҵŮǰ󹬿ɶ֪ҿǽĳĻ
ֲһ͵Ϊ̫ӵү谮ԭ˼Һиҡ
ʱ򣬲ûоΪѾ֪ˣûʲôþȵˡ
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ǻָŵʥּ˼˴ӦνֻТڣ㲻λݣһԪš
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Ǿ̫ڻ̫üϣ̫ϲްź󡣱ΪԪ
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ΨһЦõľǣүڰǴǰ֮£ͻһϵĹͨľһΡ
ÿ֮󣬻֪꣬·͵͵Ĵϴÿζ͵һ
үǿԽܵģܲүţȥҹŮ°ɣÿ඼ͦϵġ
һ磬յϵݵӣ˵ࡣ
Ȼףһ
ڶһ磬ϱʰ׵ֻһǰʹȥˡûֱȥȥ⹬Ҳйء
Ů빬֮󣬶Ҫȥʺ밲֮󣬲ſȥԼҪȥĹҡ
ϵʱҲյϢ˵ѾˣҪþ;ͻ
׼óԵģõģʣϹˡһյĹԺ
һͿִϸտĴš
ϸԪ밲򸣽𰲡
߽ߡϥʰ
ǰԷϣﻹ߶߶
ÿμŮŮʰŮֲˡ
ϻһЦˣȴСֺǳ⡣
⻰
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438ҵĶϱѡ

˵ǻϵǳ㡣ʰڶµĹأɲˡ
ϱϾǹˣܵĽʾġı˼룬ǲܵġ
ǶԺңֻʰ񡣡
һ룬ͬˡ
ǺðɣԺûʱֻʰ񡣡
š
ͷĲ֮ϡ

֮һߡ
Ѹϲ裬ϵġ
Ůʲô£
豭ȻַŶʵ
ģǰȥһЩǹǺȲ죬˴ĵŮϯ￴ǸС㣬òҪľТ˳£Ѱ˼ҪƺƷ
Դϴڹͬ˵˴֮󣬻ȥϾͳȥμһЩǾٰĲᣬͻ֮ģҪԼĶɫһõĵޡ
֪ǰǲȥЩطġǵ
һ㶣Ҳ̫ż˰ɣԼܵȥϱƵģѡôôҲҪ顣
˵˭
ҪŪŮļ
Ʒڸ̶ѧʿĵŮ
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Ʒڸ̶ѧʿλУƷƺҲǴ´ࡣڼŮǵնҵıɴˡ
ȻʥȴǸ򵥵ļͥТҲֻһޣĸŮҲϣֵԺҲԼһ㡣
ﵽ˵ǵն壬ҲֻһСӣСӻСźղڻû
ЩҲЩǽʱ˵ģǰׯͻݣǼҳǼҶ֪̿ġԴڲϲѡĶϱ
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ϵͷԸš
źĵﴫүĿͣ˵һүҪȻҪرܵġԱˣ׼ȥ
˲Ÿߣүž͵ˡ
үôôˡ
Ϊүһ裬үҲڿˣ𻨲ͷ¡
үˣⲻ˵ˣĿ
үĶתͷȥࡣ
Ϊ˵ܵǵĻģ˴Ʒڸ̶ѧʿĵŮ
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кѣ㿴ˣүָǣТڽ顣
ү˵ֻһС£ȴ࿪ġ
ָһǸˣиӼָġλӵ˻ָ飬ǿǲ˵ݡ
ллү
һЦүǻϣλĸҲû١
ѽôźүͳˣֻҪүһˣʲôˡ
үһźҰɵӣһЦˡ
үյģðɡ
˵ŻָָĴ̫
ʲôõģǰֲûйϽ鷳Ĳڡ
үһ³ǣҲһᣬ˵˵´´棬ֻҪڣŵܶ´档

439Ƿ֮루һ

ⲻүСûڣˡ
үŹС㲻Ҫǡ
ûмүһ㲻İꡣ
ֻҪǲǣүͲǵġ
үߵԣһ§סǨ˼ѾˣҲŤȻˮɡ
⼸԰Ļˣ뵽ǰ˵֮£ȥδŮӼҶɷӡЩδŮ빬ͻ
λݣǲģͲס˼үȡ˵ϣŮĽյԪӣٸʮʮδŮ빬ͻ
µϾھǴˣ˲²ǻҪǰΪԼѡ׼е˲²ԪΪԼĸҵܵѡޣҲ˵ϳ谮ԪɣЩŮ빬Ԫɽơ
յԺ󣬽ԽδĵŮйһ
ڹĪҪǣ¶Ҫ˳ԪĻ۽ôģԺкôԪֻкôû
ʱ
˴νЩմǼλȨصŮΨܲ㡣ζΪԪҵĵܵܣǰЩ˻Ϣǿˣȥ˿Ҫغùء
Ժ֮УֹϷڣ˵ԼŮڡ
˵ˡ
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һλҳϣһĵóƾܿɾó裬ŮҲó裬ҲֻһŮҪֻܼ޸һЩ̼֮ˣ޸Ŵֻܺһҡ
˵Ů黭֪ͨŮǿ١ȴʸûС
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˵˵Ҳ
ĴųӲ˵ڸó裬ԵõȵŮǾȥܺ͵Ůȡ
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˵ҲҪż㱻ˣԺ˹
ֻһССңĿɴأԼŮô㣬ɲǾô޸ּ̼ң߼޸Ϊ檡
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ҪŮ빬ϿˣŮòһССλ
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һԼҶŮĵǣɵЦ̧Сҿ˿Ȼ˵
ɵŮ˵˵˲۵ŮŮǸ㳤úá˵˯֪һС黭ֻͨҪڻ¶һ棬¾ͳ֪𣿡

440ıߣ

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Ȼͨˣǽ͸˽빬֮¡
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ĵ˵ȻĸŮһĻ˽ͻȥϢԼҲڴϢ
ڶһ磬ǰͣ˲ٵΪ͢ҵĵŮɶľҵĵŮоť»ϵĵնŮť»ţҲګ׵Ů
ͳͣʮ˼ҵŮȻҲҲС
Сǣū߰ɣĪҪȾˡ
С¹ɹЩŮӵģʡǳײ˹Ĺǡ
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С¹תǰͷɶť»šһĵŮӡһţΪЩŮģֻ
С¹ӴһȺŮӴŽȻ߹ֱߣ»֮·Ϊ԰ЩֻҪֱȥ԰ɡ
ǵʱѾˡ
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һȺŮ峯ֻǻʼŮŻᱻΪһϸߵŮҲᱻΪ
ͱť»ţֶ̫Ůګ׵ŮȻΪ
ԪԺ͵λԼ԰תת
΢Ц˵֮˵һߡ
һȺŮȻ߶ԹԵվԭأʱˣҸʼ˵ֱȺȥԱ档
ԴЩŮǽ԰ȥ֪ͨˡ
ӣҹǶˡʱںɣأܺӾǲԡôһ˵ͷ
ȥǳɫװùһҪȥ԰档
ӡһԵüŪۣһĬȻ֪˼
ӡ˵԰￪˺öƯʻء
ŵı顣ͺһ
ҲȥҲȥ
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ô찡Ŷԡһ϶ġ˾Ҫԡ
Եϳɣż״ԼǰСӣһ߳Էһͬ˵
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ΪʲôҪվҪȥ档
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³Ҳˣͬ˳Ķ࣬԰ʲôֻȥоľͷС
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ϿĸҵŮ
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Ҳ֪Ҫɣ
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ϲͬҡҡͷĸоǾƶʣҲ֪Ϊʲôõϵĳ谮

441ˣ

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Щ˵̸ֹܷǺǻ
ǸϵǺθڣϣڻ
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һԼӸ˼ҴˣһʱûӦӻ˴ܣǲҪűף
Ϊ֪³ϲˣٺĹŮ̫Ӵοء
ʲô󰢸ô˴ܣǿȥĪҪðԿˡ
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ô˵һģôЩūڸʲôǴˣǲֹ֪λ˾ǵĲԣ˽ź󰢸磬ūȥʮ
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컹ֻץˣڴͷѪˡ
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³˵껹һҹþССӺı顣

442İŮʲôһ

࿴³ƨ飬̿
˭㡣˰̲ӺЦĿԼһԺС
϶ô˵ġ
³۾һգգĿࡣ
ԺҪڿЩ顣
ˇ壬³˵ү˸ѰĻӡʱ޵ϣǱ³ȥˡ
Сһ꣬Ǽ򵥵ļֻʶģֺҪǷŵִǸ̵Ŷͯ
ΪʲôﲻҲ߿ЦӾţһȤ
³һӣǲֻһοԼڿʱЦĿļˡ
ˣֲ˼˵ĸǺӵĵһλʦԼԺСӲܿܶĶҪ
˵￴ǻӣЩƭ˵ġƭ˵ġһЩȽʵɡ
֪ΪӺʰҸʦ㽲Ρ
ྐྵȻ֪ԼҶӻǸѧĺӡȻϲѧϰôΪĸ׵Ȼ
ð˵ӺҪãİŮӡжãİŮӹûС
³˵ţֻ֪Լжãȴ֪İŮʲô
³ǰһ仹ͦοģ³һİŮӣֱǽ̻Ļ䡣
಻İŮ⣬ֻܲ⡣
ԹΪúˡ
³ԲԴѾʼСӣͷһЩСķ磬Żֵͦġ
ǰܵһ㶼ıãҪܵܵģȴץңԹŴ
³˵һ֪˵ı顣εЦЦ²˵³ˣҲ˵ˣСֺ
ûдǹõķԣҪ֪ܱܵȹС̫׹˵Ļ´ιҪĵ㡣
˵꣬³ͷȻ֪Ҫʲô˼֪û¡
СǣҲĸӵĶԻ
ǾԭʼĸദģԪʹ󰢸ദġ
øλЦˣСӺֶѡ
಻ԼһԵ³̧ͷȥСǡ
˵ﻰŮֻô󰢸ôܿЦأ
λλֶ̫Ůť»ţʱȥ̫밲ԶŹ飬̫ˡ
Ȼ֪Ԫɵĳ谮ܱȵϵĶˡ
ŸܾûˣԽԽƯˣǰ̫ȥ밲߶أ
ť»ţҲǶϤһ㡣Ϊֶ̫ŮûٳҪŸүűأ̫ͽλŸүˡ
ŵĲǣδȥĸ밲죬һȥĸ
ť»űģȴǸǿƵģĶһӣҲ˵ãӵŮܾԼһȡ
ûԼҵܵҸǿҡť»ŵ֣ôԼҵܾܵͺп̧ͷҸССģҸŵԵġ
š
ͷ㲻ͬ˵ˣ˳׼Ļ衣
ǶǱµõһ裬ϲϲ
˵꣬ԼͶԼǰĻСŶСڵĳһڡ
ɫϲã΢΢üͷˣһ֮󣬱ֻŻ㡣
ЩŮӵıжϳ˭ϲ˭Ǽװϲ
λǲϲ⻨ζ𣿡
ָľǸղżɽʯµĸϡĳ⸻Ĳϲͻ衣
ϱǾ̹Ȼվ΢΢ϥ
ԪŮ˼ΣŮǲϲ⻨裬ΪζζŮϲͲ裬ɬʡ
̹Լϲ裬󷽣û˶ȡ衣
ãϲ˼θӣ˵˼θĵսǺձյĸǰҲ븣˼棬ʱ;͵øΪ˲û뵽˼θҲ˸ӱϲ
Ц븻˼˵ԼҶͦģӳƣҪ⿪ʵӻ˲ܹóãϵӾеŰؾɣܣһ춼˵˼仰ˡ
ԭ㣬˶˵Һͽˡ
ϲ˼ЦЦСʱͦϲĽ󣬿Դӽ޽֮󣬱һ굽ͷû档

443ͻܷ

ף˵ĸϡǻûžعѵĶޱշˣ
͸ĵĿģȴͻȻһŮ
ѰȥȻڵڶŵɶŮҲʶ͢ҵĵŮô
˳ƯֺãΪ͢λȨأԶŮСϸ̵ͽ衣
Ϊżңȫһ͢үûˣôżҲ㲻ʲôԹˡ
ϣһŮӣ빬źүܵʢ裬żҾû͢Ҳһλڡ
ɶ
˼ָɶڸع¿Ǹһʹ£ǻΥ㸻Ϊһ˥׶ûгɣͼ޵㵱ʱΪȫǵЦ̸
С˵ʵȫ˭֪Ǹ츮Ů޹ȥعѣҪ޹ȥ
ɶ˼ָţʹû˵
ɶ㲻游ǵس޼ɵҽ޹ȥعѣҲ˵Ҳûʸ˵浱ˣҲһ˶ѣ˵¡
˼οˣǿɶŵӣκ˶
ΪǼҾԺˣһ޴գԴ޹ףʸѵҡ
ɶΪɶ˵ɣһ˻˵
㣬㡭
ⲻɶôһ˼ǲ֪ôȥΪɶ˵ûǰ游ڣ游ǹٺǸһֻʣ¸޴ա
Сڶݱǰ£òֹ
ȿȡ
סǣ˼ˡ漴ǰһǳ⡣
Ԫٰͻ磬λĵطλôʶ壬ūֻλȥˡ
ôһǳ⣬ŮӶȻǵūţûȨǳ˼ԪŮ
һԪ˼Ǳ֪ǱԪʹģôҲǻˡ˵ȥǱ˳ȥ
һ뵽ȹ߳ǰ
ŮʧԣԪ𷣡
˹ڵϣ˫ֵǰĵ֮ϣͷֱϡ
ȿȡȷʵ÷ôͷһ£ȥŮŮú´ĪҪڱһЩ֮ޱշȻʴͻ飬һСС֮ŮͿеġ
Ͱһģһһ㶼ϲӵĻǾĽ̵ġ˹ַӱˡ
ŮԪ̻塣
ϸٲҲôȨĺô˼ұȨ󣬱еλ㲻ò
ˣȥɡ
಻ȥϣǵͷһһڡ
ĸϻսսĹڵϣһҶ
Ȼϸ񲻶ԣǸ˼θҲǣǰ˱ؼұ˼
ͷеˣ˼Ҳֻ˵˵ѣ˼ûб˼Ҳ֪˵ʱ̻˼Ρ
Ǻܿ˼θأԼҶӦͦϵģҲڶĵϱѡ
ŮԪ̻塣
ڵϵĸ˼һΪԼ¾ҪˣϾ˼Ԫᡣ
ˣɡ
ͷ
ǹģҲؾн뵽ʲô˵ʲôɣ
Ц˵˾壬㲻ڣǿһ졣
ǣ
Ůصȴû˸óȻڣǰѾһŸˣǿɲٱ
ⴺˣ԰ĻĿá
ᶯתͷȥԼλһȽľŮλŲµ˭ˡ
ľҵĵŮ˵Ůǲôŵģ׼ĴŲŲǹǺټˡҲֻ˵ѡ
ϲģ׵ֵǺϡԿĳŮҲһŮ
εĳ档ƮƮһ仰͸ˡ
ϲһ˸ͼ֧
ⱻͻǿĪٳ裬ȻССĻ䲻ʲôʤ⻰ǻ谮͡
Ůлʹ͡
վ˫ַ䣬ӯӯһݡ
ҲֻףǻӦǵһݡͷļҲʼ˶ʼ˵԰Ļ
ֿ㣬ƯΧ԰˵Ҳûղ֮¡
ǱϿϵȴĬֻϸϸƷζеĻ衣
оҪûͬ˵ܴȵȥҲһӵġ

444ˣ

಻ɵ̾һԼһ㡣
λµĸļǧ𣬱һֱںȲ裬ǲϲ谡
Χ۸ֻĹŮǣҲͣԼĻתͷȥ˵¸
ƷһʱûзӦڿ˶ڿʱŷӦء
ϽĲ豭ϣվ
ŮŮղƷζȻûз﻽Ů
ľսûм棬ûкȹ裬Ĳ趼ǲҶûл裬һϲˡ
޷ɷ߱ļҸ񣿡
ݸһЦĻ衣˻ġôء
Ů֮ǴƷڸ̶ѧʿ
ͷ̧׿˽̵Ĺڣһ̧ͷֱ湬йˡһҲ
̧ͷơ
èצȻղпϣΪǶȵĹϵֻܴͷȥȴûֱ濴ڽˣȴһֱͷ
ⲻϹء
ϾˣƣԪҲҲֻܼô֡
һ㶣ʲôϹأԱߵϾɵĹʱôһ
еЦãŹأԼͿˡֻ˹ء
ˡ̧ͷɣһͷűҲðɣ
Ȼ˻һϾԥˣǰ÷ŹҲǲģȻԪѾˡôͿ̧ͷ뵽Ǳ̧С
ţ˵ϲǶƯ֡ҲѿСұģԸҲЩжӵĹϲ˭ҪһصϱТ˳ţźɷ
ϾŮˣʺϴִ³ӡ
ţǸ־Ů
Ц󡣿Ҳġ
ȻѾˣҲջ񣬾ô˴ͻĻˡ
ڸС뿪ʱ໹һʹһɺǻظ
԰һᣬ˴ϽҪͬȻԵĻͽλܵܵ¶ˡ
ȻүּТڽƸ׾ˡ
ջãĵ³ƣүʱȥ⣬һͬţξȻ³ϣȴɣţеŪ״ˡ
֣ͽܡȻֳ֪ĳ̶ȣԻʣȸ˵ˡ
ղ˴磬һ·ȥĵϻмָӡءⲻû೤ʱүūȥ
ֻ䣬ľͽĲյˤڵϣھ
һˡûұˣȥƣôһ
˵߾ߣĴŪ״³Ҫĵȥ
ĸɣҪţȴסˡ
һͻˡ
ɣžܲԸ⣬Ѿ뿪ˣֻøȥˡ
ֿԶ֮һСܵĸϣһ߻š
Ԫȵūš
ָϵĵʱﻹü࣬ɵͷѵԼԪߵĲһ
ʦ˻ԪϾ͵
˵ͱһƺϡ
˵ʲôԪﶼȥˡ
һԭ˼ҶȥˣΪ໹ûأ
ʱĵһȥͿ˴޿Ĺĵүһָ֮ϡ
檸밲򸣽𰲡
Ӹʰ밲ʰ򸣽𰲡
ϵүϥʰСС³ҲҲڵϸүʰ
Ԫˣ
ү۾һࡣֿſ޿ˣż˵
˸ĵ˵󰢸磬д£
үȻ³ܡϵˣȷȷʵʵǱץˣһֱĵſڿޣүʵΣֻ˴
࿴һԹŵˣЦһ
ûϵǴ󰢸ץ˵ġ
̹̹ĳϡ
ûи˵Ϊʲô󰢸ץ𣿡
࿴һˣ̧ͷϵĿ
үҡҡͷ֪಻ַκΪΪˡŸҪŪ£ס
Ȼûͬ˵ô˵

445ˣĸ

檽԰ٰͻ硣ػҲ֪
үͷ˵
Ҳ󰢸һͬȥˣһλС㣬һֻСӣ͸
˭ϵҲ棬ͿеСӣȥ󰢸ȥȰ磬ȴץ˵ģ󰢸粻С£Žˡ
³֣³ǰߵԡ
󰢸ǰȥʰơ
³ߵүǰүվ³ϸ˿ȷʵ³ҲˣұĻأϾġ³ġ
ˣԪ˵ʵ
үһ䣬ĿˡЩŮ˻ûѧԣû¡
Ԫһԣ󰢸ץƤˡ
˲ģԼòҵһᣬ԰⵹࣬ô׷
ֻĿһˣȻ󻺲ߵǰ
˾Ŀֽ࣬§ڻүͬĿ࣬ûֹǶһ˵Ρ಻˺硣
һѽ˻ҪȴѾֻĿཫȥ
Ҫʲô
ҪǹүǰƶҪվȥˡֻǿһһˡȻǰ
磬Ԫ㣬ҪԹԻشȻԪūŸС棬òã
˭˵˶⣬ֱ˵
ͷֻ֪Լ˵ͻ档
ȥ԰棬ûпϲС⣿
΢Ц硣
ԱߵҪڣȴүһŵĲҿڣͷֻϣʲôҪ˵룬Ȼ˵
ϲСӡ
˵껹һ࣬ΪɣŵСǰԪġϣҲԸһ
ԣԪ㣬Сȥˣ
ûֱ̫˵ˡ
ˡ
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ɫ䣬ȻһЦ⣬СʵģֻҪĵܼĶͨͨ㡣
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ʱС۾е㣬е㺦ˣΪСŪˡ
ȻҲˣο硣
£˾ͻˣԪ˴ͳˡ
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ڸԪϵ˭ץġ
粻ʲôˣԲŰ³ǰָ³ϵָӡ硣
ǣǣ粻Сӣץ硱
˵ŻȻһµʱôץġ
үɫĵĿŹڵɪɪˡ
ë׵ķȻ˵
ԣʱԪС档
˵֮󣬱վߵǰ
ڿˣ
ĴūΪԪָʹ󰢸ץ磬Ĳǣ
Ӷô˵ˣҲû취Ʊ硣ֻܾôˡ
ߡֻһ㲻ȥˡ
ޱ㲻ƽϣǻ´ΣҲˡ
ү˰ڰ֣ʾ°ɣ￴ġ
ˡ
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뿪֮үһĬ࣬ݸһЦվߵǰ
ӣ۾
ôˣ
ߣڣѻĶ˹  zz˶СֵĶȴ״ˣ˵ܲѻ𣿡
죬ˬĸүˮ˵͸˵³Ŀˡ
Ļ˵һһһŮڳ֣ĿӣӱŮӵʱȻһʰ껹ûбŶҲˡ
ϻдţǾҪ죬ȻþͻСϣиܵܣ͵ܵһ𱣻á
˵һܴŶͻʰСܵܡ
ˣˡĵҹүһš
үһֻСһֻ§ǨȫˣﻹһλСء
С
౾ҪӦģһ뵽Լɣ³ĵ
³һתͷȥѰңȴڲԶ˫ס۾ȴָ͵ĳˡ
ŷӦԼүһһ³ȫ̿ȥˡ
үַ֣أ
үĴ֣ͨĿ³ôһֻ͵ʱ˵ء

446ʮ

Ǽʲôûп
ô˵ţ³Ĵ۾һգһգģȫûʲôûпӡ
ǺǣǻȥɣŻڹأ
εЦЦүҪ³ĵĴ
㲻ͻʰײŻСҪһܵܡ
³Ŵ۾޹Ŀࡣ
ͣ
үĴЦϺһ
³˵ĶԣǻڣԺʰͶһ³ϸ˾ŸСܵܡ
Ǻǣ˾Ÿү𣬾˾Ÿ
Цವվ˵۵ĳ
˾Ÿ᲻ˣֻҪˡ
һ£ðͷﻹͣذοԼģͯ޼ͯ޼ɡ
ǺǣҪܵܰʰ갡˵ʮʰ궼û⡣
˼ԣźӣԣбȥŮ˸
³ô˵˼ˣԭʰҲܵܡ
ʰ꣬Ҫôܵܣ͹ˡ
λүˣʲôʮǽԼƸŮˡŮ˼ûʰˣʲô˵³
󰢸˵ǲԻӵģֻŮӲſԡ֪𣿡
үԼӣĽ⡣
үĽ⣬ͻȻ뵽һ£˵Ҫ³һʦأÿԺүᡣ
үҾùӦÿˡϵı飬Ķү˵
ΪΣү⣬³Ҳ꣬ʱҲ̫硣
үҵЩӣС͵͵˲٣ҾŻʽɡ
ɲϣԼӾôĻӻˣôĺӣʺиõʦ̡ѧЩеûġ
󰢸Ը⵽鷿ȥ飿
үȻ˵еǻѯ˴󰢸
Ը⣡
³ȵĵͷ
ȻԸ⣬ʰ˴ȥ鷿ѧϰ
үͷﰵ룬¾޵Ҫѧ
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ЦЦȻʹ³뿪ĵүҲֻεЦЦȻۡ
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СС͵ԼΪʲô
ʲôһöûС
Ŀһɵվŵ磬ԽԽԽԽ˳ۡҪǻӣ˿¶Ҫˡ
ۡ˵Ĵһ磬ʱͿˡ
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˶Ŵ޲ֹȣŵһʱȻ죬ֻǳȴٷ
ͬסĽڣǽĸ͸͸ġ
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ⲻڵˡ
ôˣ
֮ϣÿ͸˵Ĳ
ɲ˵԰󰢸ץˣ˴ȥĵȥˡ
ûɣŻҲ֪Ҳӡ
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ǺǣҲǵ¡žˡ
Цһ۾¡
һ˿ί磬ԽԽķ
ˣȥ
֣籧ȥԼ徲٣ΪûɹͷԺеǻᡣ
صԹšŸɣȥݣŸ˯ţϵ͵ľˣԴ·ͷҲôˡ
ǲ
Ͽ˯ʣӣɵüͷ
ţȥʰʰ˵תȥڵգһˡ
֪Ů촫ʲô𣿡
صԱߡ
ЦЦô᲻֪أȦӶˣԪСͻ
Ȼ֪ҲϾô
ֱ⡣
ͷ
ŮãܿԣܵӴ³꣬һ˳ģҼ佫أһ㱻￴ˡ
ϵͷΪţȻһϣѡĶϱ´󷽣Тţڹء

447ȥˢͰһ

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𻭾֮ϣԵĿϵԥԼҶԥʲô
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Ϊһŷ𳾣ﻹ°ʹۣⷢһ춯
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ڿಢû˯ѵ˼үˢһԱߵŵһ
Ҫ춯޾ȥˢͰȥ
ү˵ΪѹһûС

448ƨĵˣ

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ĵĲŴڴڵĺ꣬ˡ
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겻Ŀôȥһˣ͸ûһ
ꡱ
ָߣʾС㡣ͷǻǶ񿴡
Ԫݡ
ͷ֪ôˣĲ⣬ֻ̾ͬʱūŵķϣһ°ɣ
˵ˣҪǷһ춯ҪȥˢͰ
ʹˢͰµȵūǸɵ£Щ¿ǹ£һ㶼Ǹﷸ˴ūǱ
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˴˻꣬Žɵĵͷûôذɣ񹫹Ҳƭġ
Űɣܹû
үһۣϸģҪ˵ۻΪͬһᣬүһ㡣
˯һᣬ㾫ȻȻˡʱүڷۣԲûע⵽һ۾ͿүӢݡ
ɫֲ˼Ҷ˵ڹ˧үڿ˧һͿԵΰء
үһ̧ۣͷϰԵȥ˯գȴһ˫תĴ۾
үûһǵ˵
ˣ
š
̺ôүƻ˯ʱƣү֪ʲôʱġ
ôȥأŶ಻
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첲ȣȫûʲôʡ
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ǰүˡù
˵žͶֽүã߶ⲿĹãұٵǻûĵġŶԱҲ֪Լ˯˲̵ʱ䡣
꣬ꡱ

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
СѾͷ֮󣬾ͳܹ
༰ʱסԷˤˡ
ôˣС񡣡
СһСţãҪģȴɣ˫ֻסԼ۵С
˵ˣﲻŵͲƯˡ
ôܣ㿴ĸСʱû
ָָԼ˵ţȴֱӱɣ˻ȥ
ԶŲƯǱĸġ
СѾͷ˵껹ͷȫûзԼҶֺˡ
Ǳİ˵õСްأޱĶ㲻ϣһֻġ

һ׼Ÿɣųߵʱ򣬻³֡
Ӷˣֻĸ֣չ³͸ɣǵճӣĶͻˣȻ뿪ʱǸٵ
ߵ̩ֱӴ¡ŵｻ̩
ߵ¡֮µʱǡ˰ˣչˣϳڣһ½Ӧ
⵹ϡˡסĿɶˡ
ү󹬶߶סˡǲÿˡٹ鹬ûˡ
;ʹûסˡ
⼸Ҫ˵ʲôƵģǾүǬ幬ĵȽϽ˵ļȽԶ
ס˳סĳǬȻҲʺסɶΧүǬ幬
ӦΪ棬Ϊչ˺½ӦסĴ㹬Դֱӹ
ǰ˺ϳڣס̸ҪֵģȻƹţϣ߹¡ţε̩
ȻһҸŵģҪһɲס
Ԫ밲򸣽𰲡
˱Ҳ˼䣬ࡣ
ɣˣǾһ߰ɡ
Ӧһü˶վ
Ĳ룬˸˵ֻǰ
˱үѧԲ٣ʱûĲ硣
˵ġڸ߱ؾˡ
˵ˣ˳İ꣬߱ؾˡθ߱˴أ
ߵԣĵͬ˵Ǹڳÿ˿ɶ
ˣԽ٣ȴ
ǰҲˣػҪ߱˲ʹˣǲ֪˳Ǹλݻ᲻ᶯһ¡
չһѽԱߵ½Ӧߵһߡ
üͷˣҪʲô˳ɵìô
Ÿ߱Ĺְͣʹǿ϶ģǺǰһŵģǰôҪͺ󹬡
ǵ˼ǣ˳ɺпүǻһĵһλܳġ
ô˳λԺ󣬶ȻҪĥĥඡ
ǿЦڿɲЩ˴Բ⣬ǰиϾõӡ
չ˵ǣ˵߱谮˳ŮˡǻʹͣȻ˳ġ
˵ţҪһ۸ڶһı飬໹ܽܡ

455죨ĸ

⸱ұ˺ˣΪӣ׼
Ϣͨ㶼֪ô࣬ҪǲǲǶҪĵȥˡ
վסˣ֮ȻҲվ
ҡ
˵ͷĲ鲻ԸĶϥ
ң˿Ǵ󵨵ĺأǰ֮¶֪ġ
˻һֱӹ˵ϡ
ԪˡĿ
˹ڵϣָ׶ȥˣǺ޵ġ
Ϊһū񲻽ϥҪڵܲ
òѽ¹ġΪ󹬲ɸǹأҪǱ֪ˣֹǹôˡ
ЦһߣΪľˡǰܵô಻ǰˡ
λȨͷˡûǱ
ȻҲԼһỹҪȥ̩ƹҲ̫ÿ
Ҫϸʱ뽻̩Զʱˡ
ŵϹŵİˡ
תԼ뿪ˣҲֻǿһ۵ϵİˣĬˡ
չһֱĵҲһ
Կ뿪󣬸Ͻϡ
һһ·޻˵ǵʱѾ˲ٵˡ
ֻû˶ˡ
ڿſڵʱ
Ԫ򸣽𰲡
ȴһһֱţǾ˳ɣЦⶼûнλأӵļӵǳˡ
ɣ
Ȼ˼ҶôȻҲ˶˳ɵ񣬾͵ûһ
ǰߵĵ·үУʺм෽ʺ棬˳ɡ
һ£ܿҪס˳ˡҪ
Ʋͷȥͬ˵͵ûп˳ɵ۹⡣
ʱִ̧ͷȥȴǻʺİ磬ͬ˴һˡ
಻⣬ʲôʱͻʺϵͺˡ
ǰһһͣźүǻʺŭء
ܾôˡ
檣ʺ밲򸣽𰲡
ϥֱʺ֮Žˡ
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ʺǺЦЦⲻǷ곡Ϸ
ʺﻰմҲŶԣлϺͻʺΪǲĸ
˽ĸ⽿ޣֽĵĸоǴӹ﷢ϽױݣѹȺˡ
Ǵûдɫ֮ĳϾТڡɲɵöȵ۲
뵽ԼûɫĶŮһġΪỹԼЩ棬һʺ
˼һʺ󿴵϶ׯ£ڳֻҪ̫ѿͳˡ
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ڸ߱ؾ֮£ʺȻҲһֻͬôǫ̃Ͻ
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ļӿɰڴˡǻϵǻĵһӣȻҪȱ˸һȡ
˵˳ɣʺʲô¶ܵˣɵü
˳Ҳ̫ˡڻ˵ɫи󹦳סܲǾǡ
˳˵ġ˵ٺãҲܺ˳ء
˾㲻֪ǰ֮¡ôˣῴֳ˵ı仯
˳˵ĻҲֻһȻͷŪԼԲȡ
һ洫ŲһеƣүĽŲ
ŵŵĴ򿪣ľȻǣ෣İˡ
ʱİһȳһյġΪʱ䳤ȺͽŶѾˡ
˽֮ǶŻʺʰ
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Ҫ˷ţΪҪǲţƻһƨϡ
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үڴ³һˡ³ٽʱ͵͵ࡣ

456оԼԽԽˣ

һֻȭͷʾԼû֮ǰ£ҪСĵ㣬ŵ³ֶү
檣밲򸣽𰲡
˼үȻҪүҲֻһǰԼλϡ
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֪ΣүŷСӾȻԼˡ
˳³Ŀ⿴ȥȻһ˫۾Ŀ³ֲСӲȥء
ȿȡ
үװģĿˣأ
Ԫ󰢸֪ˣһӣҪںʹ󰢸ƽϡ
ү˻һ涼ˣ˭û뵽һͬԪ˵һ
Ҳ죬Ͼ治Сүô˵֪ˡ
ǣҲֻͬ󰢸翪Цô󰢸أ
ౣŸе΢ЦĿүߵ³
³үڿ࣬ųԱߵĿϯλȥ
Ǿô̵˶ԻԼ仯
Щ²⡣
˾ѳϵİ綼Դðôֻڶ㵽ȥˡ
˾ãʱַʽ裬ô󰢸ȥһϣȻ˻ᣬûȥĹ
뷨ĪĪΪôĹأҪȥĸһͬʳõġ
Ϊ˻ȥôգ˵뷨û뵽ǡ
ʮаԼүһ첻
˾ĿˣֻһССλ󰢸ǻϵ׶ӡٴĴҲһλ𷣵ġ
ô뷨ľ˳ˣ˶һ˵ˡ
ԪŴ󰢸磬Ǵ󰢸ĶǴ󰢸緸ٴĴҲһԽѵġ
˳⻰һڣ˼
˳ɿеƮˣŸ߱ǵ㹦ͣȻΪԼܷôʼѵˡ
ҲԼǸʲôλãԺλҲֲǻһʺء
˳˵Ķԣ˳ʲôλѵ뱾λأ
ͷ޹Ŀ˳ɡһ£Ȼ˵
ʺҲɲ֪˳ʲôʱѵͬλλıˡ
˵꣬ס죬ǲǣʵʱЦ˳ɳԱͿģڿԽԽˡ
⻵ɶүģû취ˡ
ŵүͻʺͬһĲá
үõǾȻ˵棬Ĳ硣
ʺõȴ˵أѵɻֲ˳ɡ
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˳ɱôһǺɫϵģ˵žҪүΪƾİ꣬϶ٻֱ档
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үȴʱ³գգۡһĻñ࿴ˣôүԼ
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ܵԼһʰ³ˣ˵˳Լῴ˳һ㶼ϲ
ʲôûԶ̫СˣǻʰӢҲԼЩûڶǰ˵
Ͽأ
ʺڿʼ䳡ˣԼʺͱ뿪ˡ
ţŰɡүͷΪТڵԭԲܴܵ輧衣
˵ҲǿԶԵóԵģĿûʲôͷҪȻ֮䣬Ҵ̡̣
ͺ͸ղŵһģһ
һţΪûף˵ģԺܿͽˡүϯȻǻʺİ硣
½½뿪˳֮ǰݺݵĵһ࣬ԺǧҪùӳԵġ
֪˳ɲ⣬ɻЦſ˳뿪
ΪСԳԵܱҲû˴ʱһ뿪̩ġ
ٻصʱ³ǰôҲ˵
һԵĸɣź棬ҲͬһԼҸǰĸŮıνһģһˡ
Ǹ˵ˣʵҲͦƯģȻȲ˰ɣڹġ
³˵Ҫдһ֮յգգԼĴ۾
Ȼ֪ٷ֮ʮү̵ģǴ³˵ͦ˵ġ
ߣͷŹ㣬ҪԺٸ˵ҪĴƨƨˡ
˵껹װͰ͵Ŀһ³ŷСһȥ档

457ɽ֪ؾһ

Լȥݣǰȴһ
үĵֿʼæ
Ŀǰ͢£һǸ߱ؾˣΪˮйǴ󹦳ɣһʱΪǵص㻰⡣
һɽ֪¡үֻһ棬ȵްŵʱ򣬻عʱ䶼ɽ
Ҫ˵үΪζ˼סˣǻҪ˵ɽ֪Ϊˡ
ҲʮĵӣȴǸΪģ֪λӡ
ɽֻ֣ҲϽĵطȽϸһ㡣
ⲻүסҪԭҪÿ¾ͻдۣү׼ǹϡ
үһοʱ򣬻ͦģҲֱӲˣȫģӶ;үľˣҲܳ
үֱӽ֪˾ǡƤӵ¿ˣʲô
үյǻãҪЩ֮˵ʱô׷
Դʱľǽ⣬һǰȽϻһ㣬ݲ
һģ濴֮ˣضһĵλߵģɫȽһʺ˳
ڶǻҶģӦŮӣٷ֮ʮӡ
棬Ƿ۶ģŮһŮӲŶԡ
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ʱڶҶ档ֻһ򸾣ԶмһС豭
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һʮӣͲǺܴ󣬵ȴһСӡÿ˵ʱСӸһһ̵ġ
ǣӦġ
Ӷ棬ͬһʮĸˣһᾪȣΪ˺Ķﳤһģһ
˲ͬǣüͷʣԸˬǴˣü۶һ˿˵ҲΨΨŵŵġ
ţýͬһģ˰źǣЩŮ˿ſŰס
˵ӣǱүؾɽ֪
ԭϣӦýϣĶ϶ʧǸá
ҲֻܳƺΪϡ
һˣǺļˡ
ǣĸŰţүרĳ֮°ɣ
ΪʽںĺԺô꣬Ҫ˵ûһֶΣǲܵġ
ǳɻ֮һ̥ŮŮ֪ȥʱѾˣĿǰͷסɽ
ȻǴӺ֪أϲ»ȴϲһЩư֮Բûһɽ˲ٵ档
Ů֪áҲʮ꣬ͬ͡һˣںĵϡ
Ӻ֪㣬Ű꣬ǼСĵӣԼ˶ҲԵӡ
ڵһϣͺμ̫̫һ̫̫ǶӦ
ںŮа˸ŮμɽҲǴҡ
׵Ů٣ĸ׵ԭˣԺǵӡ
Ȼڼĵλһ㣬󣬺μҾͷּˡȻֳȥˡʣºһլ
ҪְȻҪСԡ
һʹȥǳšͣһլǰ
Ҳ½½ˣ֪Ҳˡ
ŮǵһǣĶȻıߵǰ
ĸĸףǿƯԺס𣿡
ϴȰЦЦŮӵͷ
ˣеʱ俴ȥĸǰĸӭ
סҪ̧뿪Ůһ˵
ǺμɽңȻ࣬ÿĳ趨ʡǱزٵġ
¶Ҫ̫̫ΪĸҲһ
Ůͷһ˲ˣԼĸһ̫̫ǶֵܽüǺܳ谮ġ
Ӧ˵ЩӵŮǶܳ谮ܹӣǵĿġԶںЩŮǣټ
֪øԼĸĸһǰЩֵǡ
ĸףˡ
ƳڣѾˡʱ洫
ӱҿ©һСԴ
ĸأ
̽ͷǺĵӡȴ̫̫ϸϽԼҶӡ
ĸأ
֪Цģһϵ
ƤӣĸҪȥҲ²ȥ
һǰ֪㱧Ȼӡ
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458ĪҪǣ

߳һϸˣ࣬ԹЦ
Ҳǰߣס̫̫һֻ֡һͬźμ̫̫
̫̫˳Ժ̧ͷ˿ԺҪסĵط
ĿţɫĴţȲš
̫̫һǸ߸߹ĺθ֣ԺȻ
ү㿴Ǵĸۡھ㲻ĸӣɻڡЩŮǣҲֻܹ˵Լ±ѡ
̫̫̾ϢĺθǴӲںĸӵģǸøĻǻġֻǲĶѡ
ںСʱ̵ƱҪĶӳͷء
Ҳ֪Լĸ׵˼Լһ㶼ϲٳĶթΪĸ׻;·
ĸףǲǵġ
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̧̫̫ţɫĴŶȥź֪㡣źĸŮ
һ˽ȥԺ̫̫λ֮ϣԱǺϺͺ֪ҲڳЩССŮǶڡ
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Щ̫̫ǰƨҷһ̫̫˵ʲôűǡ
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459ȥϷ

һᣬ˹ĹŮҲɢȥʲôʲôȥˡ
ӣЩŮֻ˵ǶȥǬˣǻ˵˳һҪ˳ˡ
걾˵֮ģǲûУеֻһЦ
Ǻǣ˳Щ˶ô˵
֮ԱǣҪ˳ô˳
ߣҲȥϷ
ɲǺϷʹΪ˳ɻԽĳǬŻôͽˡ
ôҪȥ˵һϷô
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һʱûзӦӾ˵ȥҲ˵ȥĿѵȥǬ
껹ûʳͱԲȴڶͷˡ
ȻȥǬˡ
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໰䣬ԼһֱֻקקͷȥǱ³
뵽ԼʱΪ³ȥ鷿ġ
߰ɣȥ鷿
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鷿ſڣԶȥ³ӻ֡
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ֱ³ӰŴлصض֮ϡųǬȥ
ൽ˵ʱ˶һˡֻ˳ɶѡ
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467ūžӱڹģ

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үýȥǬǳЦ˵ʲôԪôó裬϶ûʹһв˹֬
˵ţɤѧ˵
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ˣүԣүˣƷ֬ү㲻Ҫлȥˡ
ү͸˳ɺͻʺ󣿡
б۾үϾǸôүģҲֻһ˰ɣ
ԲүǸūţ֬˳ȥˡүȥͷȥˢͰ
үڹϣūŵþǸӱõġ
񰧵˭үӡ
ʱĵĪľವġĵڣôз磬ѵƮƮĶ
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֪үŵǻ£Ȩʱڽ̧߱ôߣϵȨҲСɣ
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˵ү˵Ůλݸ߹㡣ү˵ĪҪ롣
үָָָţʹһһεġ
үҪҵĶͷͱڱȥˡ
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ΪүǱŸɣŵģԸС³ֻܿɣŵСƨɡ
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468үŮūһ

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ү˵ʲôأ
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࿴үεҡҡͷصүҲкһ档
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үĿǰԸɣŵĳ谮Тڹ󣬱϶һ׹ķš
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469òĸ

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ȸɣߺżʵ
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470빬

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471˼ĸ

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472簮ĺӣ

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͵

473һ

ʺɫһ䣬Ǭ幬ūŻӲԪɵǻūš
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ʺʱеˡһ˼۳谮öȣ涼Լǿʱﲻƽ
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Ŵ˰һ˾ϲʹͶᣬԶڻʺʹͣҲܾöô㲻Ҳۣô
лʺʹֻͣǳ޹»ϲʵڲա
Ǹ̰ƵŮˣôῴöĶôֱˣʺи

474ˣȥԲ԰ˣ

ӻʺȻ˵ʹˣôͲջȥȻҪˣôҪʺĸԸ͡
ϲǱԪ⣬պ󹬻ҪԪôµ˲С
Ȼһͬƴǣ˵˻ʺĿϡԺվһߣôպ󹬱㷽㲻١
檶лʺ̧
ϻϲӦţֻȴЦʺ˼Ҫඡƽʱ𿴻ʺһĲ빬ʱ䳤ˣϵȨˣˡ
Ȼʺﲻﳼ檣ôиˣﻹµų檡
ɲϲүЩŮ˴򽻵ֻҪʱʺ󲻳ʲô۶ӣô˳ֺη
ˣ˰ɣ
ʺͷʾˡ
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ʺӴ￴Ӱ׳Ĵšŵ˵
һԪɣǰСķŽϣĿɾԪˡ
ʺȻ裬ҲûϣԼİΪ̫ӣлᣬ˭Ҫأ
˵İƾǵӣֻڲİѣİ糤ˣҪǸλãôȡġ
֪ɲǳ趼Щö
ǵһȥǻʺȴǵһΣԶ˵ʺҲֻǵӦһ
ܵõϵĶ裬Ĺôлǻס֪
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ү
ܰڣһԲһŮһСӣ˵һŮӡ
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үԲ֪Ķʵû취¿ڡ
ܳ𣿡
үɫ԰ɣʵ¿ڣⲻġ
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ڸǰʹĽţȻʹʡΪעڸϡĳ˻ıסˡ
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476½үëˣĸ

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˵ԼȻصԼҡ

477֣

ڶһ硣ʺȥĵȥү
үֱڻأڿֵʱ
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⹬˭֪Ͽ谮ԪɵģôȻԪɸˡ
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үǲԸһͷֻôвˣΪԼ

478ūȥϣһ

壬ô˵
ԼһԪҵȸ⣬ȴ˵ѺȣԪ˵ˡ
ʵ޷󣬻ô˵˼ӣūţô˵ūôͳɡ
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ſ˵ʳУ߳ĵ
үƵԼϣҲֻҪһѵѣֻҪ̬Ⱥõ㣬ϴôҲԿǴһȥԲ԰
үôһ룬үˡ²Űĵӡ
ʱջص࣬ӻûأ
ʺˡ
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ҲүλȨصһλˣ֪ͨϡɲľôһСŮС̫ࡣ
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վһʱȻ֪οڡʺô񽻸ҲǺΪѡ
ʺǺãǽ֪ͨԪɣǸ˵°
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ūŷʺּܲԪ󰢸ʹ׼ȥԲ԰Ķһϻʺһͬ
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ϦɵΪʺܹȥǲȥ
仰Ǻ飬˵Ϧ˵˻ʺ
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һֱվŵ궼ȥˣվ͵
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ȥǸ˲ϣȥĵ
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ԶԶԣ󣬶ȥȥĵû׼ϲأ
Ϧ취ãⲻΪֿ࣬ʼæˡ
νʼ硣ˣ˱ż
ڼҲյ˻ʺ֪ͨ˵Īչ˺½Ӧˡ
һȥԲ԰ȥҪôܳġҪôĸȨƴģҪôкӵġ
˿ʲôûУܱѡУܲ
½Ӧãֻŵﶼǹӡֻ㣬벻ѡ
չ˿ɾ˷ܵĲˣΪүҪȥģ˵Լĳͷ֮սˡ
˵Բ԰طС٣ʱʱļϣֻмл᲻ô
ȥǼɺɫװţڴһЩɫģһɫ
㹬ʱĴչ˵
ҪȥԲ԰һȥĸ£áб޻
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˵ūҲ̫ˡ

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481үŶ루ĸ

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ܵľˣΪүҪ̳Բ԰ᶼӽʱˣǻֲǬ幬ҪǱ̫֪ԼûȰɻϣֵðˡ
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482ͺˣ

һײ˵һβûײŵεʱֱײľס
Ƽˡ
ſˣүֱڡ
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ΪǾ޴чRҲˣһֱģȴûзΪΪǵˡ
żææܳЬҲûд
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Ȼ˶磬û³ôģ˱Ͼĸӣ绹Ǻ˵ġ
ۿ˽ԼͶֿˣʼʩֵĸ첲Ҫҧȥ
ҲǸݽɫ
ūŵﰢˡ
˵֮һ̶ֹֻסļʹû취ҧˡ
࿴ȥˣ֪үǶԵģҲһĸף˭Ҫ³߸ɣŴߴߣôƻ
еʹ⺢ӻСֻҪ˺úý̵ǿԽ̺õġҪ˷裬רĽ̵ӿ²ס
ôֻȽ˷ֿһʱˣ˾ˡ
һ඼Լеʥĸˣ˼ҪãҪ˼ҡ
ֻɲǰˣ磬ү
ԣԪģȺֹȥúõʰصߵġ
ǰһʾɿǯס硣
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أǶﲻڡ
һ߳һͬ˵
һʱͿԼˡ԰
СԴЦŰο
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ԪɣҲҪè޺Ӽٴȱһ㣬ʹϴԲԡ
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Ҳʲôû˵
ԪҲ˴󰢸磬Źɣ
˻һתջǺʣǿ޿ġ
ΪүҪวʵүҲôûͬ˵أ
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ŮǸǰСˣ仰˵ĹȻⲻͿʼˡ
Աߵүûķ֣תͷࡣȴһҧгݵı飬ݺݵؿ
үһϽɣŷڵϡ
ʹ󰢸ȥųʲôʰҪ̸
ү˵ţ۾ʱʱĳ࿴ۡ
Сĵûз֣ԼһʰͶ֮Сžţİõȥȥȥˡ
Ӷˣүӻ֡ŵūŶվ棬ЦŶ˵
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˵ģûûˣ㲻衣үܡ衣үƾҪסˡ
үһԼϵƣ಻֡
Ҳһѹү˵Ľ㡣Լү´ȥϼˡ

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үȥһȥ࣬ﶼǾȵĿ⣬üү
࣡үü΢һ㣬˶ˡ˭Ҳ룬ֻܵʲôҲûп

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үͮͮСǳһĨ΢Ц
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񲻵ˣС¹ӵţԼȥͨ
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үֱ֮ŭӣŵд󳼶һ֪ΪκúõĻϣôʱ򷢻ˡ

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չ˵˼໹֪һģɽүľҲǷ羰õһط
ȻүûдչˣôҪ취үżȻһøš
ɲô߻ϣûʥգⲻÿԲ԰뵽תתû뵽Ԫ
չ⻰ԵĿ࣬ô˵ġ
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˵꣬Ҫƹչˣֻ֮ǰ˵һ䡣
ʹ󰢸ȷʵǱӣչԺĪҪǵ⣬´αҪĿɾС
˵֮󣬴˱ˡʧǵչˡ
ûɣԪ˵ģôǲǱʾԪɾǫʹ

498ӣӣӣһ

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˻ںɽչˣȻţʵǰòš
Сǻȥɣ
չԱߣӹţһūȻ
չҲֻĵͷȴղ˵һС
ѵôˣò׳Ϊϵĸ񣬽˹ϷΪˣᣬԺлΪɣǻʹ
п°磬İ϶ģʱİΪ̫ӣԺ̫
ѵһڶҪ𣿲ܣܾôˡ
ԪǫʹǻϵֻҪ֮Ůӣⲻ
ˣԪˡ뵽չ©һĨЦ⡣
ҪԸԪɣֻһǾͬ˳һ
˳ɸ׳д󳼣ͬλ˳ûкӶѾˣ»ϵĺӣôһλ
ǻѹԪһͷչˣᶨһ۾̡˵
ȥ̳ƾӸ˳밲ȥ
ǡ
չһִϣһӣϴŻףԽ̳ߵ̳ƾӶȥ
ʱ̳ƾ˳ڷƢΪԲ԰һˣеү
ôʱҲͼΡȥ̫밲ʱġ
˳ڻܴԽԽ
㲻˵Ԫɱ㲻˵ԪɲԲ԰𣿡
ﲻ˳ȻҪйôù˳ɵŮˡ
ʱūȷʵɨŵū˵ۿŭ뿪ҵڶ죬ȷʵҲûּԪԲ԰ΪʲôԪˣūʵڲ֪
һԣȻ˳ɵεŮÿ˳ɷҲǶġ
֪֪ʲô֪ǱҪǻʲôã
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ЦֻҪһ뵽үҪôı飬̲סЦ
ȫûз֣˼ͬģֺǺǵ˼ͬС
ǵЦ⣬˿ڷԲһ
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˺һڳ·ҲѣԼǰ棬˸ϡ
һ·Ҳ޻˵ȵ˾̵ʱɵˡ
Ϊڴ滹վˣ˻ˡһֱͬԵ˳ɺչˡ
չ˵ãѾվһԣʲôûС
˳ߺҩҩͬһʳС
ѵ˳Ҳүģ뷨һ
ڲž鲻Ծô춼үƽʱҲô
꣬ǰվŲˣ̧ͷȥ˳ɵ˵ӡ롣
֪ΪԲ԰ڴϲΪֻϻģϡ
ԣͬ˳ɾѧңҲ
üͷһû뵽ԼүȻֳ
Ӧǵġ
껰˵Ųȷȴţ»˵Щ˿ɶҪͬˡ
ҽͻǲˣ
൫ԥˣɲġ
ͣﵱȻҪȥ͡
໰䣬ʹһѰȥǺʳе
ӻû˵ءֵõһȹŮ𣿡
ϦתõȡƲûԭ򡣾Ʋϡ

499һΣ

ҲüĿ֪Լ˹ءϽ
ΪҲϰߺҪȥϺȲ񲻱ˣʱʵ
˵ˣȻ˵˭ôһ룬˵Ҳͦеġ
ൽǲүŮÿ춼գүŲ鲻Ըġ
ҪԵŮģүһۡ
һ仰ϲˡ
ԽҪ͵ġ
תǰȥһ
Ϊÿʱ඼ڵࡣڿʱǰ
࣬˳ɺչ˿ͻȻ񣬻ơôˣϣ벻˭
ǻأô˭߶Σתͷȥ
ڿʱ˾
ǰܹܣǼҲЦЦԪɣһǰܹܵӶûУԪɹһС̫ࡣ
Դɫܺþ͹ˡ
ūŸԪ밲
ǰһǧ
񹫹𡣡
̧˳ƶ
Ԫﰲ
˳ﰲ
ˣչ˷ֱ˳ʰȻ˻ƽ
˳˵࣬ؿɲƣܵĶ΢΢ˡ
ൽ⣬Ƕ˶˳ƽ
Ͽڵ
㲻ˣתͷȥһԵ
үһЩ̸£ʱҲˣ
վϷ˳Խ˳ˡ
ǱȻɣ
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ͷȥȣﻹλڣһ˽ȥҲסʱֻԼкޡ
ҲҪˣûڣʱϳԼϵľˡ
Ԫģ
үվһţվڴ֮⣬չ࣬ȻҪ˵һ˵
۾ûѹͲչһ¡
˳ɼ಻ڣתͷѯ˳ɡ
˳ҲֻǵͷʳеĲ졣
˳ɵʳ滨ľͨľʳС
չ˳ɵ˼漴ֶࡣ
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չ˵꣬ԼЦ֮ȥ˳ɡ
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չ˳˵
ԵݣɵЦ裬˵ôûʵģ˼ô
ϲϲȲҪģٶĶϲϲҲû취
ĿתĿŽյĴţ˵ţ߲ѵĻ
ϣԪ˵ôԪɶǻϲȵģֻǾǲ֪ûУԻһҩġ
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Ҫ˶ǻ˵ԷҪȻΪǶԿ˵أ
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ںүֲǺ飬ûҪִ󲹵Ķ
͡
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һԵȴһֱĬ˵и֣ǲ
ʱһֱյĴڴˣ˴ǵūţ˵һԵģǰ·ճ
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ҲԼԺ棬ūŶ˲ٵڹ棬ȻȥڷҲ١
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˶Ľȴû˵ƫģΪƽʱҲܺá
Ůÿ±һϢȴ죬һηһŮˣΪʹɫףȴڼԼ¡
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ֻǽշ£ȴһˣе㲻
Ǿе㿴ò⣬Ҳôɣ
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ʮ廹ǵˣΪûڹ˲٣Ҳ֣ǿ϶ȣǬ¡һ꣬ҲТڣԴǲԵģһҲǿԵġ
죬컹áûʲôͷΪӣҪȥʺ̫밲
һɫĹװͷȴǿŵĴᣬԻһգ߶˶˵ֱ졣
ϴŵһ˫µ廨Ьһǽ˻סһֱ廨Ь
ˣףȴûнղأסźвٺÿƯĻס
źֱӳʺסĳɹݶȥ˵ʱ򣬳ɹݻûˡ
ඥŴһ·ҲĲˣڽ˳ɹݴʱū֮⣬ûˣҲֵڡ
һϣȺȲ졣

500Ϊһ仨һ

ӡūǰ˵⹬棬ûгİͬҶسڣ˴ˣ
ǰɨĹŮǣȻͷ˵
Բ԰ΪСͨ¹ܴС£ֻҪǹ֮£ϢԴһǰ˾ųɿɿ
ͬҶسڴʱྪĲҲˡ
΢Ťͷһ
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˵үԺŮ˴ԸϷҲȥܣξȻҶϡ
֪Ҷϳֻ֪͹Ů죬ôͰ˴ˡ
ⰲԼİ꣬ǿƶ߲졣
λݵ׵
ϻʺ̫󶼲ڣүλݸߵ࣬˳Ҳˣͬλݵˣչ˶ˡʣµĶһЩڣӦġɲ۸
ҲȻ˵ô˰ɣ˴ҶԼĹٳȥ
಻⣬ҶسڵӣôͰ˴
ū˵Ϊһ仨

üͷʱܾȣһ仨ѣôûϵˡ
ΪΣ

˵԰ˣҶسڲСĲ˰˿ϵһĵ԰Ҷسڷ򣬾͹ڴ̫¡
ҶسڲԸ⣬ͱ˴ˣ˵Ļͦصģˡ
˵꣬ԼͦҶسڵġ
ߣȻ֪ҶسڵӣҲ֪˵ӡǰ˳Ҷسڲ˳ۣⷢӶѡ
֮ϵһЦҲûˣˣҲ͵Ȥ
ǴҶسڣ֪ҶسǰԼ
󣬽֮ǰԼֻһССĸʱҲԼ
֣˾һߣһһɵˡ
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ӣߵǰʱ򣬽һ٣ԼһֻŸˡ
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ڿû֮ʧĿŵˤϡõС̸⣬ţ鶼˳ǳԲˡ
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Ȼϲūűȥˣá
˵֮󣬶һ˳˴
࿴һۣף׷˳ȥ

׷ȥʱѾߵźĴſˡ
ͣ˽ŲΪԲҵ
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СӾСӣʵⶼܺЦ
žͷ˱Ͼųôɰ
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࿴ɻԼĸɣţпڼ
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һƺ󣬱ת˳޵ߵʱ򻹴˷š
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οиִִ꣬˵ĻױǿǸħһ
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505ˣһ

ʰ׵֮󣬱ӳź
ʱѾˣۿ̫Ѿɽˡ
೭·ֱӴź̵ͬСϹȥˡ
ʱľ̲˵ɽ˺ҲַǷˡ
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СţĵطǾ̵ǰԲ԰˻Ƚ٣ܿľļ׼ȥ˽Ĺ󸾡
Щ󸾿ɶǻʼޣ󳼼ҵĹǲμӵġ
⼸֮СһˣɺöĬϡ
ĵո³͸ɣŵϣ໹һۡ
˻еִִĶǶޱպĵ޸ϡ
໹ǵúΪǸѸԼһ˺ӣԵİλϡվԼġ
¼öĬҽڿ˸Ϻһ࿴ۣųڰġ
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506С

ԶԶԣ㿤˵Ĳҿ˵ʺҲͳһʮ壬ϻȥɹƽʱȥġ
һ˼˶࣬Ҳ̲סһ졣
ߣٵó裬˵Ҳһҡ޵ͷȥɡ
öĬ̲סˣ˵ģ˵ʺ޶ó裬öĬϱ̲סˡ
ЩˡһֻṴүҶϲ
Īô˵Բ԰Ǿ̣Сıȥˡ
㿤öĬϵ֣ʾ˵
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౾ͼöĬһƽϣԼ嶯ӵˣһһֱάһӺˬĸϡ
ס˿ɾ̲ȥҪվۼֿ죬ץססһϣȴ˳ȥ
룬ȻﲻˬôȥѵѵöĬҲСء
ԪôҲ˵ĵģ
һȥָżöĬϵıӣһͬʡ
öĬϱͻȻܵһٿŮװʱһһŮȻˣҲͳˡ
˱񣬻ָű⹬Ĺضû𣿡
öĬǳ⡣
أūŵĹؿǾҼӶ˵ͲزˡֻǸҪúѧѧˡ
ʱ䳤ˣҲˣϣʺҶ죬һԼӵĴˣ͸ˡ
Ҳܹѵġˣ죬Ȼû̺ء̽㡣
öĬ˵꣬ǰһҪĲȥ
վסˣһôԿأ
İۿҪˡ
ס֡
δȴȽг
ֻҲץסˡ
˭
öĬüͷ
̾Ŵ˶ȥˡ
˭أôӣҴ򱾹ūţ
ˣˣҲͰˡôԲԼԿ
Ԫ밲򸣽𰲡
öĬǲʶģǰйһ֮ԵǶȥˣǻǵ
ϳݡַϥʰ
û̶һʱ䣬ǿǨŭǡ
׾֪ļҸ˱񶼲Уѵǵű񲻳ɣ
Ҳûġǿɲһ㸣ܱȵģ˼ҵɷ****ʱϮҪˣһҲô
ڼöĬϣһҲǺүأүֵܡ
˼档ǼöĬϸ
ŶոɺöĬϸԪ밲򸣽𰲡
öĬϸղûзӦһ˵ҪǻվţǾû¸Լˡ
ոŸǲɣ檡
ôһۼöĬϣȻţΧżöĬתһȦ
ֻմףһңûҲһͿ۵ġ
תһȦ֮վڼöĬϸǰŮˣӲֻǿƵ
Ǹ˼
ʲô˼ƽöĬϡŵļöĬһ
˼ǻʲô˼
ʧˡ
ٶĽƱҲֻ֡
ߡ
ֻǶżöĬһԼˡ
ڣɲֳ£첻̫Ҳ໹ǹԹԵĺá
ԶˣöĬϲֱӣһ˿
ȻҶôᡣܻʹһġ
룬öĬȴվԶԶĸ
ۿʱҪˣɲܸүˡ
ԾѾᳵ·ˣ۾֪
ߵ˽ſڵʱ򡣱Сˡ
밲үȥ
Сӿת˵ġ
΢㣬ʱˣүȻףȥ
Ƚȥɣ£ͬһȥˡ
תͬ˵ܴܲŸһȥ̵ɣ
ϵͷԪɹܳ裬ʱˣϻԪһͬһˣǻʺġ
ֻлʺͬһͬϯСᡣ

507үñˣ

ߺ󣬼öĬҲˣվſڿ˿뿪ࡣֿ˿Ѿĸϣ۵װһ
һĨ΢Ц˽ȥߵǰλ¡㲻ٿ˵
ƹˣž̶ȥ
ڵſڵʱȴ˻ʺߵš
ƣȻôʺ϶档ү
ɻɻ໹Ҫȥġ
񹫹Ͽ棿
ſھվŻʺ˺񣬻һЩСūšҪȻҲˡ
Ԫˣүأ
ЦЦǰҪ࿪šһԵһĲʡ
Ҳǣ棬ͽȥˡ
ǲʣҲүľбүȥ
໹Ϊȥ󿴵һྴĳ˾Ȼԡ
ⷴྪˣʺԴӼ޸ү֮󣬴ûΥүôˡ˶۵Сۡ
檸밲ʺ밲򸣽𰲣ʺ򸣽𰲡
λʰ
ɣ
үŵڿʱµһǷ
лϡ
վ֮󣬾վһˣ£֪˵ʲôԻǳĬԵĺãүȻԼôһ϶ͬ˵ġ
ʺǻȥɣ˵ͬġ
үŤͷԸڿʺ
檲ߣϳȫ˳檡
ʺ˵ͨүֱӹүǰ
˵ĶԻԽԽͿˡ
ôţǻʺҪͬͱ˽أҪȻΪʲô˵ȫأ
һ뵽⣬ͼסԼؿڣϢ̫Сܲˡ
үǱʺñĺ֪˭ô󵨣ȻҸүñӡ
ʡҿʺʱľֻ̬ĵĵͷ
˵ˣŹȫү
ȣүץˣҪɱǸҪүñӵļһԻʺġ
ϡС£ԺúýϷɣ
ʺֱӹϸүߵͷˣΪǸˡ
ӻʺĻһ˼˾ȻȻʺͻСѵʺǻʺףС
ž
ʺһ֮Ƿ˸ôޣָôң
үŭˣһϡϵˮˣɢӣүָ϶մ˲٣үû˵ҲҶ
үĻﰵĵͷ˴ñˣԲ̡
ǻϣ治ǹģǳΨһĵܵܣ檲ûˡ
ʺżˣϴŹһˣǻϲԸˡ
Ϊүء͵ʺ𸵺㣬΢΢һ㶣ѵһֱ˵Ǹ층㣿
ĵܵûҲȷʵˣ޾Ͳܷ
үȻŭδΪСӶ޶ãӳͷء
㲻ΪǴĻʺԲŸھ޼ɵ
ʵʺҲͦյġԼܵܣڼʱǸִģ治֪ôˡ
һĸ㲢û¡ںɶΪ˻ϵĸ󳼣ΪԺү˶ս
Ȼһಡ齣Ǹ֪黹֪ˣΪԵʣҲԽ١ֻԼԵټ
һҲŸ㲻ֻһɵ֮ˣȻһŸٴλԻ͡
ôʱ䡣ˣӦǸԼĽǻʺھ֮޼ɵǿ
ʧ֣ˣү֪󣬱˽ץˣԻʺġ
ͻ渵顣ΪԺүٲ˸İ
Ǹ㣬ԺһԻõģƹһΰɣ
ʺȰ˵ͼү˾
ʺ󲻱˵ˣѾ
ϣл֪
ǰһվͬŵĻʺվͬһλá
үĿ࣬Լ˽⣬ְµˣôҲʺ顣
Ȼ࿪ڣүôҲһ˾Ͳһˡ
˵
ҲˡȻ⸵Сүʧ֣ɱˡ˵ɱ˳ǷծǮ쾭塣
үͷ˵أ಻һͿˣô˵Ϳ¶
ǵϵĻʺȴ͵̧ͷҪɱ˸㣬û˼裬ô󰢸ա
ֻʺ룬ǺŮӣǸǲľԱολȨصĻʺˡ

508ĸ

ܵԼ·ߡֻ΢΢һЦ˵
Թŷ飬ϿԽСү͵ӪȥһͷСүΪĺøСүΪ߽ȫ
˻һŵĻʺĿ⣬˼Ŀࡣû뵽
үüͷȾ⻰渵Χүϸһ룬ȴ˵Ҳ
һүҲú͸ֽϾǻʺĸңүŵǻһ꣬˵ʱ˸층һұضЧˡ
үһ룬ĺˡ
ǰϣ㶨Ȼϴĸ棬Чϡ
ʺһֱүڷүʼԥʱ˵
үһַһתԼĴָϵָ
Ҳż˽үүһǹϵһˣ׸ı䣬ȻԥˣôǱסˡ
ʺȻҲżҲǻˣһүӣżֻš
ȴʱģֻǶԻʺ˵νһյĹүڷ˶ͷϵ֡Ŀ⿴档
ˣ
үճŵƿŽһֱڻʺߵĴʺƵһߡ
Ҳڳ·˵үһߡ
ūڣվүǰ
ȥ층ȥӣ֮ڲؾ
ү˻һҲֻ΢㣬һ࣬㹧Ӧ
ūּ
Ҳ֪Сү£Ҳ֪ʺǾʺҪһˡ
˭뵽ԪȻԸıϵ뷨
Ȼô룬ǽŵȴûͣͳ޵
лϿ
ʺϵϲ֮Ա
ʺɣʱҲˣʺȥ˽ɣ
үһۻʺֿһ࣬˵
ʺ渵㱣סһҲ⣬ү˰񣬱뿪ˡ
ϥͻʺ˾̵
ȵھʣү໹ʱҲнҲˡ
ֱߵүǰ
үôʱҹ
Ȼж㣬
үվͳȥ
ߵߵһżϣһӡ⿴Ҳ֪ĶֵơΪӾȻСҶ̴ľġ
򿪿
үźӣһ࣬ߵһԵ̫ʦԣֽఴһֻϵĺ໳Уʾ򿪿
ɵĿүһۣүͷ
һֱźӣһִĸӡ
Ȼһ̽
һɣΪûпӵĵطһֻϣסķ϶Կɫʯ
Ưүҵģ
ͦϲġǰү͵ǶԸѪʯҲϲԴӻûóϳ鷳
үҲ֪뷨ģһֱһԺʵ͸ࡣ
үƵġΪûкʵʯһֱˡ
ǰ񸮵һõʯү˼ӽĥڽ͵С
ȻǸģϲĻүϡ
үͷ
һ첲үЦЦȽ첲ԭͨȡϣȻִӺȡϡ
ɫŽɫ񣬳õӰ𪡣
컹еȵģ̇˾ܿϵ
үϵһֻϵͬģϡ
һ֮Ļϲһ˫첲õǰ󿴿ֿ
ǽԭŻغţһźȥ
ϲͺãʱҲˣүһȥȥɣ
үԼ͹ˡ˵ͷ¸첲ү档˾̵
ķ˽ȥ
ڵķ˽ǳİֻΪʺһǰȴû
˲²⣬ǲΪ층֮£˻ʺ
һһûľԪˣǴͬԪһ
˿һۻʺҲ񰡣ʺȻһ˹ģϵĸ˲װģôˡ
ǶʺһǰʺҲЦĳһ¶Ū׷ʲôˡ
Ҳ˲²⣬оˣԻʺôˡ㲻ͻһͬҲ⡣
뷨ǶΪˡ
Ͼϸյǻν¹ѻ˵ľǸ֮¡

509ˣ

˺˼ʱ򣬷˽洫һϸĳ͡
ϼݵ
үһƳſڣں档
ݣûʸ̫ôĳϳͨ
ꡣ
ŮŮȫвΰݴͬģݻûʸôвΰݴġ
ε࣬ߵԼλʱĵ˽ȥ
үΣһתͷ಻ʼĴֱԼ·Զˡ
໹װģͬһҲڵϡ
үһ飬Ϊ͵͵ȥû˷ˣ̫ˡ
λ𣬴
ү͵Ц󣬻µġ˶µʱүż˵
̫ﻹû𣿡
үһֱڷ˽֡
ҡҡͷȷʵھֻ̫һˡ
ūѾ˹ȥˡ
˵أִһ
̫ݵ
̫Ļ䣬߽Ӱ̫ͷǲ̫ķƹùã̫һЩСŮ
̫ǧǧǧǧꡣ
г͸ղүʱһеҲǲΰݴ
̫󻺲ߵүϲ࣬תһӣơ
ƽ
̫Ļָվȴû
檸ʶ밲
ʺֻǰԼԣȴ̫
ʺ𡣡
ʺŵү
Ӹʶ밲ʶɺõ㡣
û£ûϲˡ
̫ЦЦˣϵëҲͶˡҲһЩСëѡ
үͷת֮еϡ
˰ʮ塣ѽڣ޽ͬλһͬڡϣҴ峯̩񰲡
үƱ⿪ʼĵһƣ˵һЩףǶԴף
ʥӢ
ү˵ˣȻһƬӭϡ
үͨǿˣ֮ĸ־ơŮӵĸʱȣ
˭Ķģ˭Ŀ֬ɫá
ⲻŮӾһʱۻ
ƹѲΪҲŮ죬үֲֻᳯ͢ϵ¡
㿪ʼһֵľƣǻʺͷ
վԼǰһСơ̫
ף̫尲ࡣ
ããá
̫һ˵ãԼǰĲ豭һ衣˻ʺ
̫ǹģ˭Ҳ˵Ͳˡǰˮ
Ȼүϲ֮ģԼٶǻ໻ˮˡ
Ϊ֮󡣵ڶͷʹү᲻һ㲻
˻ʺ󾴾ƣǵľƣȻҲǾ̫
˾̫˾ϣ˾ʺ󡣵ǻ˾Ϻͻʺġ
˵ʲôۺͬģܺ󹬺ƽºƽ˾ǽ·ļöĬϡ
˵֮󣬻⿴һࡣ϶öĬרŶġ
ʲôۺͬģºƽҪô˵Ͳƽˡ˵ԶģȵۺȻʺˡ
ôҲû²̫ƽ˵öĬ˵ġ
ǸˣһʶڰöĬʹӡ
ȻϲЩ檸ôôҪЩϡ
һᣬҲͦġΪТڲܴ֣Ҳ;ƣѺѶѡ
ۿʱ䲻ˣү̫ȥΪ̫ıͩԺүľҲ̫Ҳˣɲиһˡ
Ȼүϯ֮ǰһ㶮ĵ˼һ塣үûкȶడôͦ˵ġ
뿪ʱѾ˴롣
Ҳûע⵽ȥ
Լˣ͵͵̵ȥʱүſڵš֮󣬾һЦݡ
ȷүĺˡ
񹫹ôϽȥϢ
࿴һֱ΢Цүüͷ
˵žҪֲү޵ү
࣬үźȥ
үҪ̵
УүȶˣǹԹϢԼȥͳɡ
ͼȰүܺһƵ˽Ȼǲܵġ
໹Ǳүջź
һź֮үĿ޵
ôϡͿıү޵ӦʱȥүﻹиղŵɵЦﵽʮ㡣
һ㶣ŷԼүˡǺˣѵĺܡ
ƾҸڣź
үթ
ݺݵĵүһۣȻתȥߵˮү
үϣס࣬ͷļϡ
ӱһүࡣ

510ȥһ


ү˫ָ§Ǩžͱײˡ
ſվŶˮڿ龰ʱﻮһ˿ģͷȥ
үҲһ
׼ͷȥߴүʵʵģʲôҲ
࿴ү
үŤͷ˵ʱ©ҲǳĲơ
ȥ
һ㶣֪˭үûж
ͦɫģүһǴóȻŵġ
ūֻǼˣԶˮ
վſڽ͵
ɵüȻ
˵ˣȥ
үԼأү඼ܸܵүŭ
Ϧ˹ڿϱԼӣһˮվſڡһɫ൱Ĳá
ˡ˻ԼӣֲûϷأ
ūŸūʹ뿪
ϥǴδйŭ֮顣
ȻϦǰҲǺϲеңǸŮһġ
εźҲΪӿ
û뵽һ˼ġ
겻òô롣
ڸղţүˣϦȥѾ⡣ȴ˵үûԺã׼һϲԵĶ
롣ȷʵڷ˽ûôӡԱţĪ³ç˽ȥԼȥõġ
˭֪Լһô档
ߵľҪϦˡ֪һʡµġ
ǰһҲˮ᲻Ūʪĸ첲Ҫߡ
ûֹ˳ȥǶһ֮˳ȥȥ֮ǰĵ˹Ϸš
ôһţүȻŭȴʱǻŭʱɢ
ʱ䲻ˣҲһˣүϢһ
үҲ࣬ıΪϴ
Ҳûëëţôࡣ
Ҳûô࣬Ҫ룬ҲʱԾү۾
࣬үûƤԽԽأֱ˯ȥ
үƣֱ˶Ҳû˶첲³Լĸ첲
ӴվǺñӡµϻеġ΢ע⣬˷纮Ҳеġ
ү಻ˣֻһ˳޵
ˡԴӳһֱš
ǷˡȻҪܷ
ڿү޵֮˶ͷ©⡣
үǰһºͣû࣬үҲһֶκ֮ˡ
ȴһˣڿүĳʱﻮһĨϲ⡣ͬһͷȥ
үһۣūţү׳ͷνݼڣ࿴ЩˣôүͲȥǡ
չ˺ӣаֲأ޻ժǵԴ
үѹֻ֮£Ե䡣
˵ͷ˵
ǡ
ү⣬̧žҪ뿪Ÿ߼ͣű߹ŵı
Ŀʼֱ˷ܣȫԼĴԡ
ΪϳԼɱԼǳ֮ʲôҲû˵վԼǰǲԼôһϣ֪Լ˭ˣ
үͷһ㣬̹塣ֻͷûпǸܵһ˿ֱ
Ժټڱ޿޾ն
ү˵֮뿪ˡҪΪ֪Ǹūŵ˼ÿμһĵ飬Īүܲˬ
ֻүϣһֱ׷ѣүʵ̲סˡ
Ҫź񣬹Ҫүϳȥնˡ
үһùŵľѡ
Ϻʱ˵ֱⷬҪɱ˵Ļź񣬿ȴǻϵһɱˡ
ǳڵأΪԼҪ֦ͷˣȴǴͷ
һǻ׿˵Բ԰ǻϵģǻҪɱô˭Ҳס
ԣԺͻȻһˣǾԪϳ谮ԪֻҪԪɿϰôͲ
ֻʱԹԵĴԪһµĹŮԺ
ڲҶ˼ˡ
ү뿪Ϧӵվߵǰ
žž
ݺݵƴϡ

511뺦ǡ

ء
ҪгͱС¹ӴӺס죬С¹ӵ˸ϦϵЩٿϦʱ򣬵ȻǰϦˡ
Ҿ֪㲻ģ֪֪㺦ǡ
Ϧ˵ʱ£ȻֱӴӹֳģǱ׵ʹҲˣʹһ˲¹ͷĵط
Ů̫ǾͲӲˣҸͷ㴦ˡοŭϾǵˡ
ӸǰˣﻹдĻᡣ
ƶˡ޲ֱɱʡԺܸ鷳
Խ˫۾ϦԽƾȥȴסˡ
㣬ң㺦ǡ
Ϧתͷס꣬ϵŭ˲١
ϦӻϢءᳳӵġ
꿴һ޵ҡҡͷϦȻҲԼ³çˣ㱻ŭͷԣﻹ޵棬ʱпܳࡣ
Ϧĵķƣ˵
йŮ̫࣬ĪĶĻΪзִ磬Ҳεľˡ
Ϧ뿪ſʾС¹ӷſ
ء
Ϧ£С¹һӣ˺
ԺͲҪǰźˣȥЩɵĻɣ
û˸ľΪľҲͬľ˼ǣȹŮݲ䣬䣬ֻ¶ѡ
ҡҡͷҪȥ£㻹ǶȹŮ٣¸ĩȹŮģϴ£ˮɨض£Ҫȥ
ȻԼǰЩģΪࡣźȹŮ˲赹ˮ¡
ҪȥԭһǾǲڼǸˡȥ
Ҳȥ԰ŵģҪҲԷ㲻Խȥ
룬ĳֻҪҲôȥˣڻϸ˵ģֻҪΪ˵䣬ôҲô
죬㻹ӣģ¶Ե𣿡
걾ҲƽϣȻִ֪磬֪ж޵ǰУ
û˵
ѹǻǲЭ
Ҫǲȥôʾӡǽͻ̨ȥǰ¶
Ȼô˵ˡǾ뷨Ҳ֪Ľ⣬ʱˣԹվ˷ߺ޵У뿪ǰ޵
ֻдźлᣬǻ̨ôһᶼûˡЭ뿪ȴԺûᡣ
ˡµ£ϢϢȥɣ
ڰ֣ʾ뿪ֵҹһỹҪȥء
ϦҲȥϢɣ
תԼϦϦͷ˳뿪ķҲ뿪ˣרŸһŮסĵط
һ䣬Ϧһ䡣
ڶһ磬Ȼѵģ֮󣬿һܣź񣬿ǵϣүġѵ˯֮뿪ˣ
ꣿ
ūڣ
ҿɴᣣ˳ҺãĹҲ˳Žҿɴ˽
۾Ȳڴˣŷ֣ĺأŹ߾֪Ѿˡ

ˡЦЦӣҲֱԼˣҪԵˡ
ǺǣӿɣŶˣ󰢸ȥ˾̣СŮҲȥˡ
Ҫ£ϲ˯밲¡˯ȻѣǸʱ³͸ɣˡ
źūţҪȽλСӵࡣ
ͷ֪³Ǹʱĺӣûȥôһȥ
Ǿǲ֪ɣ̸ܵȥѵȥүˣ
ȥȻˣ
һߴ·һʵ
ӣ˵ģҲŰȥ˾ǰ
ҲԲ԰³ѧϰĵط
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˵ûϿԲ԰ءǡýүæ³͸ɣȥ˾̣ôʹϼ˳ߡ
һԲ԰źūţΣΪԼҲ̫ʶ·
һվ԰ﵹûʲôġûʲôһЩݲݣҲûʲôΪľҲïʢ
תһȦ뿪ˣһطɽˮ
ﵫͦģԲ԰ʮ֮һλ򷽰֮ϡλ˵ݣɹݺźͬһϣɽˮƽҺǼһһĳ
ȴûнȥΪƽʱΪʿ֮أҲȥ
߾˳ס̳ƾˣǴ̳ƾӺ괺ɫм䴩ȥġҲֻǸһС
಻ɵСϣȻĳ˵ܡ
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С˵˳᲻ǵģ
һŮǽһүĳһŮඡ
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Ȼչˡ
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չȻûûߣôվż˵
ΪҪȥԪֲɵҪ֪ģôȻҲ֪ˣʱһ𣿡
չ֪ûбҲһ֥С٣¾ֻ·һ˳ɾͲһˡİڵûã㶫·Ҳ˳ôѡ

513԰ĸ

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ǽˣҪ˵ʱôʱ
洫һŮ˳ɸǰĹŮչˡ
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չӦȻһĽŲԶˡ
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˵žҪ壬㶼û׽סһѣûȥ
ӣǸҡ
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С̫̬Ҫжá
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룬ҪүҪʵ벻̵̫ʲô£
ˣūſɲǰźģūԲ԰źġ
С̫ͷģҪ๧ж๧
Բ԰
ƣԲ԰ūʲô¡
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ûûУģ󰢸ʹأֻǡֻǣɣ
С̫ʵڲ֪ԼôˣԻֱӴȥˡ

514öĬϹȻ̲úӣ

౾ͦŵģС̫˵󰢸ûµʱ಻ɵһС̫ȥԿֲɵһ
оеɽߺ͵ģʲõģƶҪιȥˡ
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Сֱ̫Ӵൽ³ƽʱϿεĵط
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һʮģСһҲ꣬ԽУԽС
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ЩСҲʶࡣҲҷؾصʰ
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С˵ź͸Ǹûĺӣ˵ﲻŵĶץ
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ҪãӲŻġ
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ˡ
󰢸˭ģ
ҪڵʱԶһ̫̫࣬һҲˣͶ衵
ߣǺµġ
ߵǣȻ˸ҴǼҰ磬µǣˡ
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ˣ衰һ͡
վ˵С̫ȫûע⵽˵ıֻǼҸ͡
С̫໹ڱҰ类˵ŭУûлع񣬵Ťͷ͡
Ϊ˭Ǹ͡
С̫תͷ󣬿֮ʱˡǸҴ󰢸͵ġȻʶࡣոǱŭˣȻѹ
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С̫๾һڵϣֻԼͷڲҡҡ׹ˡ
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515ֺԺһ

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һ֮С¹ߵǰ
衰磬ūȥλӼһ߰ɣ
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ٲû̫̫Ǻά֪ԼұŮί¹磬ҪԲ˶ߡ
ߵС̫ȻҲС¹ƣҶ죬Ұ˱ȽأǶԷǻϵĶӣ˼Ҵ㣬Ҳܻ֡
磬߰ɣ
С̫վǰ
衼״С̫ĺ󱳣С̫˫ַ衵䴦΢΢衾ҪС¹뿪
ڳˣΪôأ˭֪ͻȻعݺݵؿһ³
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ǸҵţҶǲŹǵġ
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ԪԪ
ת鿴³ϵ࣬һĻ
Ťͷȥ־ȻүǰСӡ

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ⶼõģûСز۵ġ
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СǣǸǹģ˭öĬֻԼԽԽࡣ
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ҡҡͷ֮£֪٣£治֪ˡ
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516СӡǷʰ

ϲɫҲǲԺŮ죬ÿγ£Ҳģ׷һ£ǰǽ㣬Сʹ
ǽʱͲôˣ˵ȻԺôضеġ
ԸҲԽԽΪūſţе㡭е㡭
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СӲ֪ô˵ȴ˵ˡСӵĽУܸоǹҪöĬֳ顣
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517ݺݵᣨ

ԺɲǸС쵰˵´˭ٸô˵͸ʰݺݵᣬ᲻˾ȥҸС̫ᡣлʰš
үһֱ;ԼҺҲԣô£ԭС쵰µġ
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Сӱץ˲ţһ㶼֪ߣȻŮӡ
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үͷԼŮ˵ļãҲˣǼָѪôˡ
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ɣ˵꣬ͷ³ͬͷΪǽøˡ
³СҲûϴһȭôĹӾרкŽ衴ı׵ġ
죬Ķӣܲ³˼һӶС۵ˡ
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ݼöĬ֪ܹѧϰĿɶǸİ磬ɸүּȻ֮ͬ󣬲ȥ
ôఢ磬ĵճΪ󣬵ȻϵĻӡ
ԼöĬϲȻ˴İ磬ǲ
ūŲֻ֪ǹĹͰҪԹȥһˡ
ͷڵסԼЦ⣬ûп󰢸ӡ
׵ͷǼˣ¸۰ɣ
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깴ǸڼöĬ
ǰԺС¹վ鷿м䣬С¹˵С¹Ҳӣôվš
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С¹ﻹӿôʱˣ˼һû
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518˵ģĸ

һֱ֪̫û뵽ô˼ҶˣûŪƿڴ

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衰һԼǿίˣ͵öĬϡ
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520һ

˵һλϣΪͦ谮ģŮҿλรʱ
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̵үڿ飬Ȳ衣ͻȻֻĿһţоҪ
飬͵ĺһڲˮȴѹסĻŵĸо
񣡡
үüͷн
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үôżĻһ߽
˶ˣ
үһָؿڡʵ
үԪһ˰ɣʱӦõźˡ
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Ԫֻһ
˵ҲֻϵĲԾǲԪɳˡ
쵰Ͻ˳ȥ·ңûлź񡣡
үԸָĿ죬Ȼүڵ״̬ŵˣһʱûзӦ
Ͻȥ
үһǸܴܵ
ǣūȥ
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δȻ·Ŀֻһ
үڵڵżڵȵż
ܹܣ
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С̫ҡҡͷ
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С̫໰˵꣬һ˳ˡ
ңˣڴʮһȥҡ

С̫֪ˣҲתʮ̫ȥҡ
һ̧Žү޵һȥԾĹ¡
үͻͻġ
үԪûлź񣬶ﳣߵ·Ҳûмˡ
ڵսս˵
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ģȴȰүȰ
үҪģūŻ˴ӾѰң˵ԪֻǴɢɢأ
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ȥѰңɵˣظ޽ҳ
үһɣմƬһأеƬ滹һ˿졣
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վ˳޵û棬ΪĻҲֻǵڶμһǾˮǴΡ
͸ŨŨɷдɱӡ
ߺүһһᣬȻ˫ƣ޵ͻȻһӰһڣºڿ㣬ϻźڲ
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ӣ޽Բ԰׳ҲҪҳȫǰ
үһУһһûм⸱ģأ
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ԴүǻԺЩͺˣƽʱǱүȻռϢӺүѪӡ
ǵһγȴѰô򵥵¡
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һȥ˻ʺĳɹݣ˳ɵ̳ƾӣչ˺½Ӧӻݣ˵⣬ڵȻͼ⼸Ѱҡ
Ȼǹˡǳү߱Ҳ⹬һЩŮ˼ҵ¶
Щ˱ۣʲô¶˻ϵŭ
һھ̵źÿ·Ѱңˮ϶ṦõѰҡ
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ӣ˵źλˣ
ɹʺİһЩСľ֮Ķ
էһ˵಻ˣͦȵġ
ô᲻ˣʺ̧ͷɻĿŴ١ǻʺ̫ˣ̫İעĿ
ʺź֪ķԼﻹİ磬ȻСӻǲ֪ĺá
ˣ籧ȥϢ
һֱԱߵǰӹİ磬İҲɵֱţˣԲô˵ƽʱƢĺأ

524ϼ£

˵Ӿ̻ȥʱ򣬲ģҲûھ̣ҲûлźҲˡ
һʰİʣµߣһ˵ʺ
ʺ΢˼һż˵
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ʰİߣصʺߡ
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ȥһ£ʱƿţҲһЩʵ飡
ʺ룬ԼҪŪ㣬Ԫô˵ҲǺŮ죬£֮Ѳˡ
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ʱŶ롣
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ʺüͷʵͻعˣôһĶ¡
̫ҽһֱڣ˵ʱ򣬾һ㷢ȣȴܾ񣬵ϵʱ򣬾е־ˡ
彫Լģȫ˻ʺ
ʺԼϣһʱĬһҪȥģԪҲҪʺӣͻȻվ
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ʺ󲻸Ҷය±˻Ԫġ
ȵȻͼʱͬƻͨūǶˮ޵⣬̫ҽڰҩ
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ʵǲöСС;һͬǰ磬˼Ҵ󰢸ͱȶ꣬͡
ǰһʱ䱻衰ȴûһȥѧϰȥѧϰ绮ƤҪ໽а졣
δζ罿ë˭֪ȻöԽԽء
ˣ˵ЩҲûã̫ҽô˵
ʺɲġ
̫ҽڰҩ˵ҩܺõ㣬ٺһҩ溹ûˡ
Ȼ̫ҽ˵ûµģΪǼԼĺġ
ţ֪𣿡
綼ԲˣӦҪʱϡֻǲ֪ҪһŮҪ
Ѿȥˡ
ڿŴϵĶ磬ͷ
˸ϻʺһͬ˵ģ̱ȳɹԶǻʺȴȻĿ졣
ʧеģźĴ󰢸磬ƻϺ޲òϳɹȥɡ
ڲ֪ǣʧˣΪһĵǶ磬Ҳû˸Ҹڡ
һյϢү
Ȳѣ
үѾڱıԵˣҲȴֳˡ
̫һ˵ûҵ࣬ҲûϢ֪ڵүжôꡣ
˶¡үֱֽꡣһͷŭĿʨ
ǵģ̫ҽѾȥˣʺҲȥˡ
սս˵ں޲˵ˣʡĻһŭתƵϡ
үϳĬһվ˵
ھ̣࣬һȥ硣
үüͷ˵꣬뿪ˣϡ
үߺһͬʱȴˣԪɶʱˣôһϢûС

525Ƶࣨһ

ѵˣҪԪɳ£ϻ᲻ֻصǫʹʱʱӡ
ҡҡͷģԪＪࡣһµġ
ʱǱѵģȣڶȡ
ָһ˿ѵ˲;òԾˣΪڣѾũˣһ˯ҪǱӣȫȡ
Ҳʹһ
۾ĿһƬڰֲָ
Ļʹ£ȵܣҪ뿪ߵĻֻܿġ
˳Լڵλÿʼ˫һֱϣӦ·֮Ķ
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ȻԼˣôԼԱ֮ˣӦꡣ
ûй룬ΪʲôԼϮΪʲôϮԼˡȱĽԼڲ¡ĵط
ֻ֪Լҵ꣬һο塣ĸˡ
ֱ¹⻬ƽ̹ظµļ⣬һڸ࣬һû·ˣһˡ
񱻵һ£ҪִÿȴʹҪһ
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ʯϡˣӲܶ
ΪʲôϮԼˣɱˣԭǴѣɥʧڡ
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뷨һڱʯϣһ˿ĵطŲ
ҿ¹ⲻô谵ĵطҵڡ
岽ԶĵطʱԼĽͻȻ׽ס

ŵһУ㴦ĳȣԼŨصĴϢǸˡ
ԽļԽȣѾ˲ˣһʯͷͳŴĵطȥ
ţ
һƺ֮󡣴ϢСˣץҲɿˡûһ˳ȥһͷȥº׷
ֱԼ˺ԶԶͣʱ಻ôܣʱŵÿմܡ
ΧľɫϤϣҲ֪һΪźֻŲԶļɽȺ
ôԼոܳĵطһɽˡ
಻ҪȥҪүʱţҲԽԽȣ紵Ҳûˡ
ڲߣҪȻʱ˶ĵطʧȥǣֱˡ
ܻȥôֻһ취ҵһû˵ĵطط¡
ԼԱһǸž̺źӡ
滹һ̨Сͤӡһǲᵽġ
ԼϾˮһϣһҩЧƾˡʱԼٻȥ
뵽⣬ˮߣˮֱĴȴˮһˮǾͻָ˴롣
ˮߣǸ̨ʱ򣬱߹ȥˮ֧ſ̨ľͷׯ
պ©һԴҲע⵽һˡ
ûʱˣǻǱ죬尾ѡ
ﲻɵ³ֻǱˮڸסˣϸȥ
ʱһѣһܡѵʱͻȻ̨ϴһ˿춯һӰӳǰˮϡ
ŵҧס촽Լһ˿졣
ӰҲֻͣһᣬ뿪Ҳڿ֧Լʵ֧ŲסˡԴˮóһ첲Ÿ첲ҧȥ
̧첲ʱϸ΢ˮȴ֮תֻһԼˡ
̨ϵӰһºڿ㣬ɳ棬ǰ־ԵĴ磬ǸѲˮ塣
ڰ˵෢ǵ΢ˮǿȴǲСĶֱӴ
ڿˮһͷʱ򣬻һǶһɲԼҪҵĿԭһֱ
Ԫȥ

526ҵˣ

岻֪ΪʲôҪˮڼȻҵˣôҪͻȥ
ҪҪ
ɲ֪˭֪һˣҪԼ
Ƿ֮ȥ
ΪཫˡԲŲԸġ
ҪҪҪ
˦֣ͨ졣־壬ʯͷ塣ûз˺ö¡
ʯͷ˺󼸲ŷĲԾ屾ͻҽҽҲ
Щںҹģϸ۲ľٶ顣ŷҩˡ
ڸԼ˺Լ
岻֪ô죬ֻûϹ
ӻȡһźŵһݵһУըһ𻨡
ڲ뿪࣬ҪȻҲźŵ
ڸо˲˵ʱŷֶˮȼ尾
յȻͼүպ϶ҩ͵һᣬʼڵࡣ
ԺҩĶ翪ʼȵʱүҪ뿪
ںò׵үôôү뿪أ
ϣ绹ûгأϿɲ硣
סү䣬˵
ſ޻£
үͷ˵ʱлһүǰһΪ֪ʲôԺԥһ˦ڵľ
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ڲģֱӱסүһ첲һĨɬЦݡ
˵ſ
үǳ⣬еĽ֮ɫȴûз֣һү
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үݺһ˦첲˦ԶԶģȻ첽뿪ڻ׷ȴסˡ
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Ժү˶ˣڲŴԼĹŮתص޵
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СżȥΪԪ
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үȻͼ֮󣬾һ·ۣźŵĸط̺źŲԶ
үҪȥҪص̡
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үһʡ
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վָһָү˳ָķ򿴹ȥƽˮʲôûУү׼ƿĿʱ򣬺ӱߵˮݶһ¡
үȥˮмֻ©һŮ˵ͷͷ˿ɢҵˮ棬ҲһһƵĺڷ
ôԶǿŮʲôġүȴ֪࣬Īľ֪
ˮܵ࣬ӿָĿ죡һ͵µӡ
쵰ǽҵˣô˴
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¸ҩ־壬û취ʵ˵Լ
ڱĵϣ˵ԼҲһ뿪ˮ棬־ƲסԼʱ򲻽ڣҲ޹⡣
ҩ
үأֲ಻ԸȥֲԸԼڱˮ
ĺʹԼƤӵ£඼ˡ

527¡үȥ

ûбί衣
үһˮ屾һ뵽ˮҲǸ취ԿڵĻ˻ȥ
үʮūţԶԶĿţû˸ҳ
࣬үȥ
үһˮĺˮ̼񾭡
㲻ҪҪ
ǻңֱܵߵʯͷүȥүҲ㲻ܣһСʯͷϣϡ
ҵԽ𾢣үЦԽᣬֻЦ֮ǵᡣ
ԼŵˣȻȴһ㶼֪ǱȻŹҪҩ֮
үŷɹʯͷǰУΪѾûˣȫһ֧ţԴүʯͷء

һŴмʯǵһʯͷүŷȥΪһʯͷм͹ԴүǣһƬˣȴûƤ
ү
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ү̧̧֣ʾҪ˵ΪֻҪһӵͱر£һ¾ˮ׶㡣
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үԽԽһ˲ҩҩЧ̫ˣ̶̵֮һȡ
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ڵ˵үࡣүϡ
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ΪүڣǲҿޣźˮΪӲԶͷ´δεĺˮ촽Ҳ˸Ƥ
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үһ۽յķţԼƺ뿪ˡ

528ѣĸ

˳ȥˣһ꣬һһӣ㣬ͷƱʲôУʧѪ࣬ɫ԰ס
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ǰȿ˻ӣٿ˿Եꡣ
ӣѾˡӦʧѪġֻ֮ǰԵķ˲ٺԪͬҩ
ŮױУ»ԣӦǲԻָ֮ɺҩ
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үͷĲࡣ
үǶѼɽȺ﷢ֵġҲ²ԶֵġʱѾˮߡͷ£ųϡҪǷֵƻں
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Ϊȷ೹ҩԣһᡣͷֽȥչ࣬үţûпƽʼշĲ¡
ʱѾȻ˯ˡүȴ˯ţôһһϡ
ڶһ磬յϢ˵ʱȥĻʺˣ̸ү밲ȴү򷢻ȥˡ
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үڿڻͷˡʸѣרչ˶ūž˵Կ֪үжô
ǳڲū˵ģ
ʱѱˣǻܵڵ
ûУĪҪżūԩ
ڹһүǰ⡣
ūû˵Ƕ֤
һڷҧһڣҲǻȥˡ
Ƕǰһ㲻ǳ˵һ¶ûϵ͹ȥˣ˵󰢸ʹҽֱ죬ֿʼֵȣūҲ˳ڡ
ǳ˵ⲻð翸ţ˵һͺˣֱϸȲ˵ʱ򣬲̫ҽ
ֹڵϣһ˵±߿ޣūŵҲֻӵģô˵ô
ڣ
үݺݵĿڣ˵еҧгݣīͫŷ籩
ͲˣĸӣͬΪ̳Ĵ󰢸£Ҳܺã
ڽ̵Ķ綼ˡʲô˵ʹ󰢸Ƚϡ
˽̵磬ССͻëһѣ裬˵ѣҧˡ
ڻʺ̵İҲòȥԣƢȻүû⹬ʲôס
ϣҲֻҪͬ󰢸¡ġ
ڽͣԼûдϲϲ󰢸ĶôҲͬ󰢸һôϲҲϲˡ
㻹˵󰢸ԪĶǶأĶܺôĳҪ޵İ硣
үŭڣˣͬȡڿǱ˸үᡣ
Ȼûûн̺磬ȴûЦأֱͲΪһ
ϣΪģ֤´βˡ
ڱү˵ĻŵˣʮӣҲǻÿЦοӻѾסġ
´Σ㻹´Ρ
үŭЦ˵
ڴд˾ʵڲΪ֮ĸ𣬶ʱԪչˣѰʺϵѡڽ߶硣
ү⻰һǾڳˡ
ֻһ뷨ǾǻҪһӵԪˣʱԪɾӰˡ
ȫûע⵽ү˵˺һ仹ҪΪѰһʵĶ
ȴ֪үˡڵ빬һǿǻʶƵˣһ빬ү͸һ˵ݣǿڶϵġ

535Ⱦһ

Ϊ˲ĸ룬̧ڵλݣֻҪչ˺ö磬һλ϶еģǹҲпܡ
ƫƫҪºˣүֱӶĸȨ
үֱŶģ֪ԲԸ⣬ֻʱš
ϣһϰˡԪﻹд󰢸ʹҪչˣһʱ¹˲϶磬Ҫչţ֤ԺԲٷ顣
ںˣ֪ϲǿЦġҪĺӸŮš
ൽνΪү˵ʱչţǳԷһ˫ô
ȴү˵ʱǶáʱһ꣬ʱ꣬ʱʮꡣ
Ҳүע⣬⺢ӳҲ죬ŴһСļȥˣʱҲˣҲˣͲڱ˴ˡ
Ѿһͽȥź񡣡
үǲԸöٺڶһһ롣
У
ͻȻүڷԡ
˶ȵĿּ࣬ԪɲͰ͵лһڻؾˡ
ϵҲһĨ˷ܣкðԪɲԸöȥôлߡ
ϣȻԪɲöȥźôöȥ檵̳ƾӰɣ
ڿڣһһֱ˳̲סˡ
ԪɶѾˣȴһûУȻڻϴ㽫͵ţôȻҪȡһ¡
ԺԼ˰磬ôһʯԼûа磬ôͿһҲ
ɣ˳ûչ˹ӣ²֪⺢ô˵һʱҲ벻
Ԫɾܾ磬ô͸ĻᣬȻҪȡıϵ⣬¶硣
㡭ߣûӣǱܱ֤絽˱һȸȵġ
˳ɻˣƽʱͰ͵ĸ棬ڶϣȻôͬ˵
˵ȥүûᣬתͷࡣ
ΪΣ
֪ǲҪסȥҪ˼ڸԼּǸʱѾԣȴڲſڣȻΪǸ
ΪֲᴫȾ
˻һΧڴߵ˲ɵ˺һ˳ɡ
ղŻҪŶ磬һ˵ᴫȾԶҲ
ү̵Ŀһ۱ŵĺ˲ٵŮˣ׶ڣҲ֮͵͵ŲŲ
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ģֻǷȶѣôᴫȾô
ȻҲԼӦΪף˵ת˵ע
ⷢȲͨķȣһС׵õһСС
಻֪öСʲôȴ֪СһֲԸð
֢״ǶաΪСӵĵֿԺ״Ⱦעûˡ
֪ЩҪл衣
ҲΪЩŲöסźɻءҪһСĶȾ˿ɾ鷳ˡ
˵㡣
ү಻˵ģΪԼΪþȵġ
ҪͣҪôүŲѽѽ֮ĶֲרѧҽġͲ㶫
ǸǻᴫȾ뵥չˡ
Ͳ塣ҲˡүԼġ
ϡ㲻ԪԼ֪
ڼĴУϾġǺܵĵġ
֮δ
үֱڣֱࡣ
ȥݣ̫ҽȥһٸԵɢȵҩȻչ˶ūţôʪӡɢ¡
ľôˣϾŴֻϰ취ˡ
˵֮ȴû˻Ӧεӣðɣû
û𣿻ϽԪɵĻȥ
үһŵ̫ҽһ˳ȥҩ
岻ʣ˰ᶯ
үͣһ£ȴһϲɫ˵˰ᶯǲǾͱöȻͼ
Ȼͼ
Ȼү˻һ˷ˣǽĻͽô
ھͰȥ˳סɣ
ү䵭Ǹһƴ

ڻ˵ʲôڿүķֲ˵ˡ
ּ
ڵͷĲһţԪŶôֻҪô糤ˣܻ֪˭Ķ

536ټ

Ϊү֮ǰѾһҩˡֻܵţ᲻ȡ
ûʱϵĺνɢȥȻūŲͣػӸ塣ϵҲġ
ⲻˣֻҪʱʱעţӦûˡ
үҲʼˡ
Ƕȥɡû޵κ˶̽
үô˵ʵǷڣʣûµľܣҪȻֿʲôá
檣ּ
ոջҪ˳ɣҲˡ档
ʺү˰׼뿪ȴ
ʺ
ʺ󲻽תЦЦ
ⲡԴûʲôϵСǿҪעˣԻʺ˻ȥ֮ԡ֮ͬȥ磬İ硣
Ȼںǵĺûںү顣
ǽӶĳ¡ôүҲš
ˡ
ʺͷȷʵû뵽⣬ԪôһѣʺԼȥʱҪȥİ硣ǽȻͼūţԡ¡
ˣҲүˡʱʡ
үչ˶೤ʱ䣿
Ťͷڴߵү
ү˵ֻʱүŤͷܹ̽
𣿡
üͷһȻš
үΪǸɵİɣʱǶãһꣿꣿꣿүҿ֪Լ˵ˡ
ôʱ䣬ֻʱ
ү壬û뵽Լ˼Ȼ͸ˡ
ðɣҾүչ˶һ£һ֮үûҵʵѡôҾͲˡ
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ðɣ㰴˵ġ
үҲΣôŮˣԼȻûһܱȵࡣ
һᣬöˣһͬ뿪Ȼͼȴûлź
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ȵ죬ѾǾ¶ˣҲˡ
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ൽһ˳һΪҪӣһҲ£Ծͷ
һһںľ˺ģȻ˳ɵġ
ʱڻصѾõϾǡ
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ʱ䣬үҲܵĲڳڶǰ
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Ϊ뵽ҶϿһġʷϵ尢ǱǬ¡үڶΪļ̳˵ġ
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ҪٿҶϵķӦ
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ȴû˵˭ֻټҶ϶ѣôȻҶϡ
ýɣ
飬̧á
Ԫ밲򸣽𰲡
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ɣ
ԵĿҶϵľнЦ˵
л
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ͼҶϷɣɲһֱôһŵ˵ԼҲŲѡ

ҶϱĪĽйﵱȻˣһܷɵġ
˵ڵŮܺãֻǱŮĿɾһˡ԰볣λ͸һѡ
ۿţҪˣ񸮻жʱأ
ЦЦΪӣôȱ·ֻҪҶʲʺ硣
ȻҶҲ뵽ˣ룬ǽڰɣ⼸϶ʲô¶Ԫﲻ˵ҲҲ¡
氢ѣĸֻóûλ͸ˣߴá
Ҷ˵Ůǿ˵ϣûʲôӵġ
꣬ȥСĴڿ
ЦŷԸһԵ꣬ͷ
⻹ûȥء˾ͷ˽
Ӹ밲
Ÿ밲
ӸԪ밲
Сһվã๪Ĺĸ
ɣƤǲ̫ˣ
һۣǰֻ³һȥãڼϸɣźͶ磬鷿һ

537ϲʣ

ֹ̫һθ浽үȥˣүȴ˵ŮԸ⣬ôˡǽ鷿죬ҲŮı¡
үʵޣͲΪԵ˿¶飬һ硣
̫࣬Ҳοࡣڿεʱû˵ˡ
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ػСĶ磬ڵҲ󣬲൱ˣ׽ĺܡ
Ҳҡ
ЦЦСԴ뵽Ա߻һҶڡ
󰢸磬񣬶밲
ҶֻһڣԼ˻ӰҪ밲ġ
ڰ
˻
ԴӶŸҲѧ˲٣ʰҲԽԽˡ
ڿˡ費Ҫһ
ָһԵС㣬Ҷϡ
ȴҶҡҡͷ
Ѿˡ
ྪȣûпҶϽӴСģûóûֲˣѵ۾Ĳɡ
಻֪ǣҶϻ۾ġ
ΪŮ죬Ҷϵ۹ܶСӼҼңҪעأΣԼࡣ
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ڣⶫûУôˣ
ʳʵġ
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˵ЩҶ¶еšΪ֮һðɣ˼һ۾ġ
ȻˣôȥǼƥʣµĲùڡ
̽Ҷϡ
ΪʱɫĲϡ
һƥǷɫġȻǸɣģʣƥһ࣬һƥһƥ޳ӡ
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ԣҶϳĿ飬ҪҶô
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꿴һۣ˵Ϊĵ֣뷨˽һ
µֳһĴָȻ󵭶תͷҶϡ
ӻû͹ֻЩʺϺӴˣͶ߰ɣ
һҲû취ӡ
Ҷüʹ٣٣ɲʲô֪һλӸôز
Ȼ⣬ҲΪӲ;ܾ࣬˵ܸĸ
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УûԸÿյ¾ЩжȹģٶȻܿ㡣
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ɻĿȥ
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С¹һҶϺֵͷ

ͷҲˣС¹ӱ磬ԼС˽
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ֽ֮ЦŸ밲ﻹһ˵ʱתҶϴǧ밲
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ֻҶһֱ󿴸׼ȷ¿ϵĺ
Ǳ׳Ķֻ֪̫үһԸѪ͸ȴ˼ҲһĨѡ
Ҷȴ۽뿴ǻѵʱõǶԸѪޱǶʲôӵġ
һǫʹʧͻȻŮϡ
±жôˡҶҲһס¶ġɫƿĿ⣬͵Լʶϵһ
ȥĵֵǲںҶڲʹ֪ϳ谮Ԫ
Ҷϼ״Ҳ֪Լˣվร
ʱҲˣˣˡ
ͷҶϱʾӣ˳ȥ
ȥһ·Ҷһ仰Ҳû˵ʲô

538ɻ䣨ĸ

㣬˵˻᲻»
¡ţҶڻǱﲻס˳
꣬С˵ʲôأ
ܿΧûūǿǣż˵
˶ôܻ
ֶֻռţֻܿҶϣҪǳ⣬ˤܼʱȡ
ڶҶ˵ʱ򣬺ѹͲ٣ҶҲü⹬ǲ˵ֵģֱΪ
ǻҶأ
Ҷϲû⣬Щ᲻ᱻ˸ȥˣһĲɵģ
ˣǻûжĹϵֻһССĳڶѡ
߰ɣǻȥɣ֮ͨҶϣ̧ͦأӿ첽ӣŶȥ
ʰ֮ʹϦˡ
ȻĸŮ̫ࡣ
൱ʱ˺Щүͬġ
һ˳֮ҹգ·ٹŵĵͬĻӡ
ȻǶѧˣ಻Ҳ˵ȥԾһˡ⻹ûнȥء󵽣үɫжˡ
밲λ簲񰲡
Ҫˣˡ
𣬻Ͽ棿
ĵſվ˫ȴŵĵ顣
үءȥɣ
ÿһʾֱӽȥ
΢΢ףȻĵĴŶȥСβ͡
Ȼȥ֮ಢûпүۣ߿Ȳ裬ϣϷһ塣
ݸһЦ˹ȥ
үǸأ
ү̧ͷȥһЦ࣬β͡º͵ЦʱʧӰ١
ູүĺӰɣôڸүĳˡ
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Сĵǲ⣬ǰүʰ
ɣ
ү⻰䣬˱ѾүȱߣĿүϵ֡
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үԼСʵģȻĻش
ûһо֡үͷ͵˰˲оֳ
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үһѽɣűϡ
о־û֣ڶûн⿪ġ
ɣƶǶĵͷͷȥҲһ壬ȴͨү֣϶Ӯˡ
ʰ꣬ô壬̽ţܰʰо֡
ɣԼظү඼Цˡ
룬⺢ӾƲԼΪûôһүţүǱ߶ʼ̸ɣˡ
񿴼ЩӰӣǲһΧסһӮ
еִΧ壬˵Ҳһ㣬Ƕүǰ֣ΪˡΪǽⲻоֵġ
Ŷˣǽöӷý⿪𣿡
ɣһöӷϣүҪֹǸɣѾϵӷ¡
ү̧ȥԽԽȣһϲΪɣòĽоֽ⿪ˡ
ҲͦȵġȻû뵽ɣ츳ôߣǴ˺ͺӵ𣬴ΪܵصĸţС˼һԸɣŲŻô׾ͽ⿪֡
޵ĸ
ϲүȻŸɣһᣬͱԺ
³İο磬Ϊǰ
үҹ
ƣǳԼŮĸɴء
үһ㶣ŷһĲˣ֪ôˣǲ˾Ҫţү»ĸɣţǰ
ôˣع˸ˣ
ү뵽ģǻԺǲǵˣϾ󹬿вٲɫĶ
үɱϹ룬˭ֻܸܰǲ֪үʲô
ѿڶ
үŷĪԼ࣬ʲôû
үͬһô
ү˵ţһߵϡ
Լصԭλá
˽񰢸ȥƫ档
үҪȥ֣˫Ĵ۾һȡ
ҪͬȣǱ˫۾ţܸоֵֹģүֱ˽Ǵȥ
ҲҲ֣ĬĬظСֻ̫뿪֮ǰ³תͷԼúͶ˵
߰ɣǲܴŻʰͶһҪܵˣԲŲǿ
˵֮³ŵþͳĵҡ

539Ϊһ⣨

˭ܸС쵰˵ʲôһģССĲ֪Խõ㣬ѧЩ߰Ķ
үô󰢸˵Ĳүɷµĵͷ
ү
ü˼С̫Сˣ֪Щ߰Ķãôү˵ͦõġ
࣬ͷүʰǡ
үɲڼȥԵ඼ˣ˳ŵá
෭ۣҲþᡣ뵽֮£ԼӦøү˵˵
үҾòҶسŶΣ
ͷȥһֱڰŪ̵ү
үһ٣ӣ̧ͷࡣȴû˵Ȼڵ͡
Ҷһע޳裬Ŷضȫȫ⣬⼸һֱҲͦؼģҾÿŶ硣ԡ
ү֮͡ҪүľˡԲһֱŵġСֻ֪֣ǳˣ˵Ȩʶкֵʲôģ˭֪
ǰֲûйȵͬʮүһĸͬʮүǾٱҪ췴
ֵͬܶˣοͬأĽٸɣ
үֵ֮ͷĺڰӣȴ˿
֪үڿǡҲţôš
ðΣүĵ
ȻѾˡô㰴˵ġ
үӺӷֱ̧ͷעС
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үĪЩּ٣һ뿴ҶسʲʺŶ磬ȻҲԸ磬һһõĶ
һֻү֣֪үŻ磬ҲĿǡ
үһͷˡϵŮˣ粻ģȴΪԺ롣
ֻҶسݵ΢Ŷ磬ί˶硣
ൣĵģһǲŰģȻǸ⡣
֮ǰҲǹˣֻλݶѡ
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ҲãҶسڻסһ˶磬ƱҪǨסٹһܿŵ㣬үҲġ
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˵˵ʱСҲ˶ϡ
ڶʱ򣬻ҪֱιǼ³Ǻ󣬾ѧԼţȻÿνԼŪһ㣬ҲǺõĿʼô
үͷǰΪ˺ӣҲȥţһҲһΣÿζ綼Ǳš
ûǰүǼ³͸ɣţүͲôˡ
ãӾӦСѧЩС£ǶҪūźţô뷨Ժ֮Ϊһݺùķѡ
Լһ˻𣿡
ү֮󡣿ԼĶ硣
ػʰ꣬ӻԼţԪ̶СԼְӡ
ģ˵ŻԼǰӣʾү
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󰢸ʹҲܺã̻ܵôණҪʲôʹͰ
үһ˾Ҫʹͣᡣ
ġ
СĶһۣȻһ࣬Ūһˮʹͣǿʲô
Ȼ
үεЦЦԼǻϣܺС㡣
ʲôԣ
³ʡ
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ʰһԼȳ׷ɣգգ۾ȵĿү
үЦȥ˼鷿ѧ˲ٰ
ʰǻϣȻһԾŶֻʹͿСⶼҪһԾŶˡ
үֻҪУԸûҲҪѰ
ҪԹ⣡Сͬ
˵ĻûˮộΪ˳һ̹⡣
ô˵ģԼҲеôԣģԽˮڵԽ졣
һĿԼԱߵү
үЦĿһСεȻ粻֪⹾ʲôǸǶϲôһǺõġҲôү
үôоԼһΪһ̹⣬һԼȳ׷Ǻˡ

540۸ˣһ

ȥŷһ̹˹
ү۾˵
ת׼ȥү˵
ǽС㡣
үһ뵽⹾뵽ϴαţȻ˴һ֮£δٳ£үǾδȻ
ǳ飬үҪһˡ
ǡӦ󣬱ˣʱһֶֻһӣ˽
һ֮󣬽ӷмһλϡȻĸӡ
˱ǵζӭ⹾ġǳȴζ
̲סıǸɣţԼСӼаУȴûмһ飬ΪүԸŪС飬ŷǾĵġ
гƽʱһС󣬶ڸɣֲѧÿӵĸ˵ȷʵеѡ
ˣһСӸ񡣡
࿴ԼŮ˫۷Ź⣬ּв϶ʹһͨʵ̲סˣٱộȥҿɶˡ
ҲҪ
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һӮһ̿ޱȡ³ȴ̧ͷԼһʰһۡ
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³ү˼ɶأΪ۸ֻһˣ˶ûʸģԲڵһĻ
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һ׼үӣԼҲһ𣬵ǻȥ֮ԼڻǬ幬
ˣӣһȺūţôߴߴĻүȴûнȥǽĸӼ͵ſڣԼ뿪ˡ
ү뿪ſڵӰһ˫۾þδƶֱүıӰʧ¡š
໹ΪҶϻؼԼϣ˵ģڶ˵Ҷˡ
׵һ٣ô졣Ȼȣɻ˽
밲򸣽𰲡
ҶϽ컹һ£ҲǼ򵥵޻
һ֤ƽʱǸôġ
ɣͷ
һԲʷλҶϸ֮󣬱ȥ
ŵĺһӡòţ࿴ʲôһҲˣҶʱ޷ǾǸġ
ҲѾˣ֪ϲϲ
Ҷ֣ǰǰվ˫С

541ȥ׼ţ

״ҿŵĲϣ۾ѡ
һǷۺɫģ˵Ǹɣŵģעϡ
Ҷϵӣֻһһ޳ġ
ҪҶϻô᲻Ϊ󰢸ģͽ׸󰢸硣óеġ
ֱһףȻԼִ򿪵ڶס
ȻҶϲûɳۣ
ΪƥɫҶǶԽаģڳĺʹ޳ģ濴ݻ洩м
·Ȼֿʽȴֲͬͬ
һƣһЩޣСһǸ֣һЩвֵĶ
ܺÿҶ˹ġ
šչȻܺá氢Űɣ
ཫ·ŻغУӺнӹһԵĶȹŮ觡
ﲻðﲻãûȥĸġ
ȻҶ϶ԼŮţǻҪǫ˵˵
ˣųء
ЦЦҡҡͷȻ˵
Ҳźϲ˰ɣûһ谮Ҳ㡣
òôһʣ۾ȴҶϵķӦ
ҶϵһΪǾĪҪءվรһš
룬ȻźҲˣûеĹϵĳ谮ҲҲֻϣܰĴ⹬һӡ
ҶϵĻ֪Լעûг谮ǻ뷨ΪԼΪҶһ壬ֻܴ֮С
ûҪһܹúõ㣬ͬһ
ʡ
˵Цˣûг谮кӡϵĳ谮иӡ
ҶϿЦΪŮӣ϶ҪӵġǾ˵ûг谮кӡҲһŮ˵;ġ
Ҫǳ˺ӻΣ
ʳ仰ʱҶϻǾȣȻǽţҲһֱע仯ı֮гһ˿̰㲻ͬ⽫
ҶȷʵȣԪΪôʣ뵽ʲôˣһ˿š
ΪҲֻ֪ʱ˵ѰһʵĶ
Ԫ˼ǲ
иӡֻһһźӡúý̵Ҳյκί
ҶǰԼó裬һԼİ磬Сֵĳ󣬲֮
ˣ磬ô˵ġ
Ҷϵ˵ǣĵͷ֪ԼûпˣҶҲûʧ
ǳԺҪ˵ĺúĪҪñֶκβףܽһУձܽһд߶ߡ
һ£Ҳɲ٣һĶ豭һڻ衣
ҶȴǳļҲǣվҲǡ
лȫ֮١
ҶϼЩû֪һ˶ȹҹĿš
һӣҲһϣʲô谮ֻﲻôͳˡ
ˣҪлԼȥɡʰʰվ͸Ǩˡ
࿴żҶϣݸһЦ⹬ǲԼģϵ
Ҫ˺Ӿ顣ûг谮Ҷ˵ʵĸ
ǣϢ͸ˡ
Ҷ˵֮󣬶รԼѾͷ޵
һҶһûΣǾǱʾԪɸ˵һжģԼкˡ
ҶȫΪںԼǸԼһͷϵĳŵ
˳ԪɣôԪɸô˵˾ųɻ϶֪Ҷһ㶼ɡ
˳һ·͹ȥ·һûͣߵĺܿ졣
͹ĲҶĻֱͨͨ
С˵Ԫ˵ǲģ
ɱҶϼĶˡǼСһֱûг谮⹬жô⣬û˱ˡ
ͬסһڣǱߵūҲʱʱĳһСԪ˵˶磬ô˭С
Ӧǰɣ
Ҷ侲ࡣûӣŬȥѧ

542ʰ

ūŲˡԪΪʲôҪǻʰ
ҶϵĻӦΪˡԪΪʲôʰʰѵǸʰ䡣
ôһ룬Ҷϸ
ūȥʰס
˵꣬ϲϲתҪȥ

Ҷϼʱס㡣㲻Եתͷ
Ԫ˼ӦҪʰʰǨ
Ǩ͵һҲɵļӴñ·Ĳϼˣ׼ȴҶϵһȹŮˣԲϼתȥ
㣡
Ҷüô͹סĿɲֹһˡ
ūŴˡֻūźܾȣԪΪǨ
Ͻѹʵ
׶ڶ棬˵ҪǶͬס͹ôҪҸǻʲô塣
Ҷ϶һԲ԰ķҲүһ˼ҪŶ磬ôǨǱġ
ūˡūȥʰ
һţôûŶ뵽
ǲҪɣʥּʰ١
ûʥּһжǿ̸ڻǲҪݾߵĺá
õģūȥҪʲôҲ׼
˵꣬вסȥʰҶϵҶҲֻҡҡͷû˵ʲô
صߵĲϼԼոĸڡ
Ǩ˭Ǩ
ڷ飬û˶ߡӿǼįĺءʱǿ飬ȺȲ裬ͻ˳취ö
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ϼҡҡͷ
С˵᲻ҶسҪǨ
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ҶسڣΪǨ
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ڵ͹סڣҶسλݣҲǹˣҲǨ
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ЩֻǲϼĲ룬ԪɣǿǶ裬ڻ϶˵˵ǨҲǲԡ
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籧Ĳػ˻Σ˵
ΪԴ³ɣһõĳԵĶһԶԽԽϤѾ൱ԼĶˡ
׶ǰһ£ʲôʱȥʱ䳤ˣõ飬Ҳڡ
ҲҪ鹦үүΪ˶粻ڵڣȻ͹ūŵ鷿ȥ
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ֻ˵ҸʺϵĻᣬǧµģôô׵ķ
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Ͼ³Сأ˵ʱúġ
ǶԪġ
кһ࣬˵Ļǻġ
³ȥ˼δȻҲأС˲١

543Ĭгĸ

̫Ҳûжеô¡
ȥ˼Ҳϰˡ
ԣŸС¹һȥɣ
ڵϣȻһԴ
Сһֱ֮ı뿪ˡС¹Ӵĸ̫ںš
߰ɣ
ЦЦȻϦˣ˳¡ֱߡûþ͵ĵſڡ
ȥˣûпſڣСſš
ūŸԪ밲򸣽𰲡
СӴԶͿˡæ˽ȥ֪ͨǰ̨ȥӭӡ
Ͽĵ
վһĵյĴţɵüͷƽʱүǲŵģ̸ֻǰֻµʱ򣬲Żϴš
үͼλأ
СʵĻش
̾Ĳʱ򣬻ǵ˵ɣ
Ȼæͻȥˣ
ЦЦȻתҪ뿪ʱĴȴˣ˼󳼡
治İТ˳ɵİ߱ť»ګףм಻̫ʶ
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үҪ͢ѪɡϾӺүϲˣүϲÿ˶ԼϲõǼˣȻ˾ǡ
һ㿴࣬ʱҪرܣȻˡ
΢Ԫ밲
˾˫ֱȭ
ǲ˼Ȼүλݲߣ˿ɶһһĴ󳼣ԼʵܲǵĴ
ȼվʱŻ
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˵İꡣ߱󿴶һۣԽТֱӳĵ
üȻչЩ˲Ҫ񣬿ǶҲҪк߱Ŀ˵ˣټ
֪Ϊܳ裬ѹ˳ɣΪԼôһ㹦ͣԾԡ߶С
ֲø߱Ҳҫ˼ѣģүʰˡ
мλ뿪ˣ֮ǰҾԸ
ڹһ˳죿
Т֮Ų̵ľ롣
ΪТǺôӦñ־롣ǹŰģҲ֪ں
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Тôһѣ뵽ǰ˵ġ
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ʱôһ·ϵ飬ѾеˣƵТȥҲӦó׺ˡ
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˸ϾйŮϻ裬İáĵǬ幬ūſɶ֪
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үǰѰģϲϲ
үֶǰǱ裬Էŵϡ
ȻԼԼǰǱȻͬĶ
ҿǣӿӴսһᣬ³ȻñǲϵС꣬һڡ
һʹĪĺгĬΪүôȣѧġ

544ʲô£

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үھ˲ˣΪ˸ѰһЩӣϲĶ
ϲһʣµİã͹ȥ
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545ﶼǶһ

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Ŷˣ˾Ҷسڣּġ

546ȥϷ

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548 Ůˣĸ

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ǹ΢ЦȴǱġҿ˵ɫҲòȥ겻ɵЩż
ֽŵݸ꣬Լȴ˼ˡ
ô˽⵱£ôԿ϶ɢҥԵˣǵĺˡ
һֵ֣Բƽдĳģǰ϶ѧ֡
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ĵʱͻȻͱ걬ֿһ
ĿŻðɵ꣬һʱز
ʶǸǸᣬ侲ǻ۵ꣿ
ǣǿҲҲûôķӦƨɲһŮ˵Ĵʡ
ӣ˾ǵūŵˣݺӡ̫ˣΪ˴ﵽĿģְҲϡ
ˣʲô侲ͨͨȥɣֻԼôûзСơ
ҪǱ֪˭ǵ˺죬˵˵
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ūŻ˲ӣЩϢֱǴӳǬ㹬̸͹оġ
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ʡЩôصٹϡ
ūڲʵʱ㣬Ǻūǵġ˵һϾͳٹſڣŵС̫࿴ˣͳʸˡ
˵ʱ˿Ҳͦ𾪵ģȴûн˵ȥԼŮ˵
£к¶һһ˵
ŶˣūŻ˵ҲյƵš
ͻȻ뵽мŮ˵ǿԼҹĴŮùһţ롣¾ǺŲˡ
˼˸ͬʱţ
ھ඼òⱳ֮ˣĿǵˮ©õԼ
εˡôӮˣûеҲûʧֲǴ˵ȥġһ˵ġ
Ӧǵġֻūûõš
ƣס˵ľа˸ʺ
ֻȷյţΨһ֪ľǴӦסӴ⹬ͻʺס
ҿδֻ»Ӵ⹬յ˰ɣ
˵ҪݺԼô϶ҪĴһС
ΪʲôӴ⹬ûд
Ϊʺм£ڴӦͲ֪Ϊʲôˡ
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ҡҡͷҲ֪ʵ̫ˣû취һ飬ڲȥֻܲ鵽Ŷѡ鲻֮ˡ
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Ϧͬż
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겻ţľôܣһ˿©û¡
ΨˣҪֻܶÿŮıʼô๬ŮʼҪôԡҾּҲһдĳģ
뵽ľЩˣңокܶоȴû취Ǵһ
ӵ˼пǹļλдġ
һȻּ¼˲˶д˶Ȼǳϰдġ
ҲȫǡǲɵԼıʼдţпдġ
ּ˵Ҫ£ҲԲԼд϶Ҫ˴͡
˵ͷҲȷʵ˵Ҫ뺦ôԳء
ЩǣʣµĿɶǹŮˡȥǾöչŮıʼȽϺá
Ҳô˵ֻΧʵ̫ˡǸòôʼ
ľǳҲ֪һĳŮдģҪôҲ⡣
һʱֳˡ˶˼֮С
ù൹ˮȻҲˣͻȻ뵽һ£԰ࡣ
ӣūиⲻ֪
еԥΪֻһȹŮʱû˵ķݵġҲ뿴༸ôᡣ
͵˵⣬Ťͷȥһŵ觡ɵɫһϲ觵òûãֻҪ˵Դ뵽İ취ء
解
æվƹӣ棬ߵ棬ż˵
˵˵ʲô취
觱ôĸŵˣһʱе㲻ʣΪ˰ӣǽŵ˵Լİ취
ū빬ʱ򡣺ǩԼʱµĹҪ˱д֣ū룬õ񸮽Աӣ᲻ҵǸˣ
˵֮󣬳ָֻƽѹĵͷûܰﵽӡ
ǵͷȴûз֣ڳ©һ˿ϲãԼԽԽԵĿϲ
⣬⣬ɾҰ
˰ôû뵽ǰ빬Ϊūʱ򣬺ǩʲôҪд֣йŮɲôģûʶ֣㻹ԵʱЩǿǿҲ֪Լôд
觱ĿϲȾˣҲЦˣӶЩūźõû˵ܰϵģȻƴȫӡ
ǰūôû뵽أūǿɶǩ˵ġλ觡
ˡǲǾͱʾǼҪץⱳ֮ˡ
˶ˣ˹ֿˡ
ôˡϾҪҵǸˣӲ𣿡
겻⣬Ϊʲôø˵ˡء
ûҸôõЩӡ

565ôһұ

̾һǻʺûƹܺ󹬣⻨ҲҪʺӦ̫ͬ⣬ó
ôҪ̫ͬء
ĪҪģǿȥϣ
ʧЦÿζл仰ߣôεǲ˵ˡ
Ŷлϡ
һĴȣôˡ
ߣʰʰȥĵһϡ
˵žҪߣȴˡ
ӣ¹ūС¹һȥͳɡ
գգۣ׹
԰ӣ»С¹ȥѽ
˵⻹ø첲һԵС¹ӣС¹һʱûзӦײ˶ݺ¡
ٳٶۣҲ˹
ԶԶԣϾҪʱˣЪᣬūͬȥ㽫ӵ
С¹ӵͷǳȥʣûЩŮ̫ˣ
ӳȥ϶ҪЩ˵ָָ㣬ʲôݣܵЩ졣
ֲô벻ǵ뷨ǲȥ˰ۣԼָָ㡣Լ
ʱҲҪȥ߶Ϊá
ȻˣǾȥɣ
ͷһŻ׼С¹ĵĳš
࿴ǵıӰʧЦһȺļҲ
ʱĵͱȽˣ³үûüȿˮأʹŮ
ȻҴææ
ү˳ˣչˣڣڣڣӦү밲أ
˵Ҫͷѹʪ͸˱ġ
үĹǣܲЩŮ˵뷨ǺͳϹŶһࡣ
ΪżλһϣЩŮ˾ȻҲҹΪ˵
Ȼ밲š
ôǾͺúøšβǰЩ̣β˺Щˡ
ǡ
Ӳͷϣڵ麹ǵŻϵ棬ҡ
ƿĵصĴţӭ۵˳ȥ
ĵŵļˣʱһϲĿų
壬ԼѹǻϵּҲҷ
˳ԼλСү˵ˡλȻ밲ģô˳С⡭š
ʵڲ˵֣Ϊ֪⻰һ˵ǰЩǲүɲΪһūš
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Ȼ䣬˳ɵһ˺üȡү
ϣﰡĵС㣬үūͷҪˡ
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˳Ȼں᲻ᱻϿԴںǣʱŭϡ
񹫹Ī˳ֻǲѣǽү밲һֱĵԻ빫ٽȥ
ҲǸõģ벻꣬ʱΪʡ
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˳Ǵ⣬Ҫүˡ
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Ҳ֪Щ˶ϳģʱǿˡ
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żͦżġҵͬʼ֮ˣҵ֮ˣ໹ס
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ϣ㰡ػţŵū۾ˡ
С¹æһץסڹԼԡ

566һ

С¹ӣң
͵ıС¹һײĵĹϡ
ΪǸղҪŵ˳ɣһֱſڡᷴײˡ
ֻһʱ͵ıײȻг
ڵλ˳ǲԶƽʱ˵ü
ܽѾѹˣڼžĵǺġ
˳ͬʱΪλùϵǲŹţֻҪĿܿſڣ˳ǱŹšҪʲô£ȻҪתͷȥ
ſʲôҲûУΪԼĶˡ
۾ȴһĨɻȻѸٶˡ
ûпĻӦԪ﹬ūš
أСӿ˹ȻСҲȫˡſԼСӵͷ
ڲ뿪ĵţ˹ҲǱض¡Сʹɫ˴ԱߴȥȴĵԼȥϡ
Сӵͷ˶עʱ͵͵ˡ
ʱǱС¹סźġҲ֪˲㱩¶ˣ˭С¹ͻȻôһأʵʵڵܵţ̲סһ
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С¹ԼĸΡ
ݺݵĵС¹һۡ
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ʵҲ֪һ˸˵Ϊ˷ֹʱʲô֪Ĳ״
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ȻĻүǺֱӽǺϣһ졣
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˵ɲĵԪ£

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ӦȻ˳үߣֱүתڵĲȥĵǻͨģֻһŸҲóȥֱӴţͿԹȥ

567ٳ

С¹ӵͷĵҲҿһֱŽϵЬӣַС΢΢
ūŸү밲
վλү΢΢漴վһԣ©ŵˡ
ɣ
үͳⰲĵҲ˵үǱվһԡ
л˵
ү˽⣬һҪūģȻô϶ˣ
ү뿴
ͷԼͳһţ˫ţӺõǷš
ǰӹתүȥ
үɻ󣬵Ǵſһͷүͺڳɹףһɭ亮ϴֱĵ
ʹﶼһԼҪĸо
үԽ󿴣ָǿ֨֨죬ֽүеץˡ
ððдĺã޾Ȼ벻޵ĺ󹬻˲ţûˡ
ү֮󣬲ŭЦЦŭˡ
үţҲĻ䣬ƮƮǰԶ
ܵ۽ƲһۣǿʲôµһջĿ⣬ԼĽš
ǰȥ񣬸ȥ
үסˣҲˣôĵߡ
ҲҸȥΪǶٴεľ飬ڻʱòҪȥšҪȻ
үڣ˸ҿڡһʱĵֻүĴϢԼ̤̤̤ĽŲ
ģ
үͻȻվǰһ
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ˡ
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˵꣬үĽŲ뿪ˡΪ֪˴ˣᾹȻֳš
һòⱳ֮ˡǸӣɲء
ӻ⴫֮˶ȻԲ԰ĺˣҲƽдĳģūʻϽһ
ʲô
ү棬඼ʱˣ趫ʲôܰģԼô֪
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үת֮ϣҲүת
᣿үˣ⻨ʲôãǿɶ̫๬Ůǵ빬¼
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ã
үǲ裬ֻҲ֪Ҫʲôá
Ӳ룬㣬һŮ֣֮СǣȻȥݺӣЩūžͲ˵ˡ
ҪûϵÿŮּ֣Աȡ¾ҳ˭дŵˡ
һףүҲףɵüǣȻǸӴḶ́ʹüٸŮôԱȣ̫˷ʱˡ
ǣڳҲûʲôõİ취ҵˡ
֪ˣǻŰɣ޻˸͹ȥġ
ү˰ڰ֣뿪
ūŸˡ
һԵС¹Ӽϵţ˳ĵصȻӲС뿪ˣôģôȥ
ȥ񸮡йŮĻȥ
ĵүֱȥã֮ȥһ񸮲ҺŪлࡣ
ǣūȥ
ιĴųȥȥʱͽϵĴֻһ죬ԼȥҲֹ˳ɵ˵Ŀ⡣
񹫹Ͽǽȥˣ
չ˹ϥǶˣ˵Լλݵͣȥȴûйôʱġ
ڵϥǾ͸һʯҲ̹ǵ
ǸСʲôҲû˵
˵Ҫߡֱ˳סˡ
ܣЦˣôܲǽȥ
һ㶣ЦŭЦ˳ôԶ
˳ûǽȥū⻹Ÿүȥˡ󲻵á
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ҪȥʲôǲǺԪйأ
˳ĻһӦǻҪԪɡ
ﰥǻϵĿ͡ūſɲ˵
ǲ˳˵ģ˵ҲҰ
㲻ߣԪɿǶ˻棬ΪϵҪΪٳ
˳վסǲûȥ

568ӡеĻ

֨
ĵĴŴ汻ƿˣһӰ˳ȥ̧ͷȥһ۵үɵĸϽ
檣밲򸣽𰲡
Ǵ򿪣үҲ߳ǾӸµɨһ۹ڵϵˡ
Ȼ󵭵Ŀڡ
˳ɿڳԣλ˵Ϊٳʵ˴󲻾֮丸֮ᷢ䣬ݶš
ү˻һһƬ˭û뵽һĵһ仰ݶ˳ɵķš
תһ룬˳Ǿ仰˵ȷʵٳǻʺ£ʺڻúõأ˳ɾ͸ô˵ʵǴ治Ϊ˶Ϊ
ϣ㲻ݶ᳼檵ķţôΪ룬Ԫɲظ˽ͨѾ˾֪ҲﲻΨд˻
˳һ˼飬ȻԼķţһŻԪɵôҲֵˡ
Ϊ룬ʲô˭˵Ԫ˽ͨˣ֤ݡ
үһ˳ɣȻҲԼ˳Ҳֻǵڵϣûˡ
ֻһЩҥԶѡҥԲϣѵҪһɱ˲ɡ޾ͿǰͲ޴Ԫɣû˵ǵ·ǲǣ
үǱˣ۾𡣶˼˳ɱߵһĻ˭Ҳҿ˵үŭסˡ
޽͸ǣǾģûԪɣҲǡ
үǰѻˣǴͷҲݺࡣ
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檣ҡ
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лˡ
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ϣʱүҪһǲүͬһҥ֮СǿõĲ鵽֡
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Ŀŷϡ
꣬ϦС¹˻
ȻѾõˣҪֶԱʼˡ

569ɱһӰ

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ѣӱȻʼȶ
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ǻˣֶξҪǿӲһ㣬ǰĿү˵˵ȵүһúֳôķ粨
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֪Ϊλһ꣬áǱˡ峯Ļϣ˵Ļʥּ
̫ᵽеɸֵ˼үԼıӣԼ񱻻ʶˡ
֪ôˣͷʶôԶ̵ܹӡ
үģԭ̫Ǹռλ̫ӡ̫֪ǣүȥĴջʱ򣬲ǿССˡ
֪ʱڸʲôҪΪҲǴͲ֪˼ˡҲֹǰ֮£Ǻ֮£ɱһӰٵģף
̫ү˵ЩŮ˼ҵ£ڳϡ
ϼȻ谮ҪΪƽϢЩҥԡ
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̫Ļүû⹬ɱһӰٵģ˭أֻϼˣֹҥԡ
Թλ̫λƲ磬Ǹûһ֮ɱūš
үϲѪĸоùūǶˡ
Ӷлʶ֪ôˡ
εүֱվ̫һ̫ĵͷǶˡ
Ȼʵˣǰұȥˡ
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570˼·

콥Ѿˣ޵֮УȶּҲһ
ȻϦûзּͬ
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ۿֵµĲԽԽҲˡ
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ಢûлӦһƬͿܸоԼܽȴ벻
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ӣ˵᲻ģɣչҲпǡ
ⱳ֮˾ǹ֮ˣˣǲûñдԼдĻôء
عͷֻʲôʱһˡ
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Ϻǳ⣬һţָ˳ﲻʺݶ˷š
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ΪʱǻһӣͬһڼɽȺү˵һȻǾӦû᳤䣬һŮŪ
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ôˣǾԲһȨƵĹŮı϶һȨƵӿô๬Ů
ģֻлʺ͸ˡ
˱ǻʺūţȨƣȻͬʺͬ壬ҲһϵѡϲЩµġ
½ӦֻһӦûлӣûλݣûг谮ҲôԼʣµһչˡ
չ˺͸һҪչô׼Ǹָʾģ˵ʱǽǣչ˿˵ˣ׼չȥִС
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ȡ¶ϵĶȻ˫ӽԼͷһá
Ѿɶλһˡȥ
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ҪȥԵףǸӣû׳ɵĻַӱ׳ʵ
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౾ȥĽţջϦǸԼ쵣һ죬ûǶϢһᡣҲ
תĹš֮ϣŴʵɫĿϵĻ֡

571Ӳ

һôɫ
ⱾŶǺģΪûмϤ֡
ɫūǣҲˡ
һʱԺﴫ⼸ѹ³ࡣ
ҲϦҲˡ
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δ˾Ÿ˻һȹŮĩȹŮЩɨ¡
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μֱѵһȴô˵
Ϊ˲ôҶΡ뵽ʲô

572˿

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574ⲻΪô

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үҲĵͷһ·ôĸӳɡ

575°

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˭֪˸ճԵ˷ֱС¹Ӿͻˣ˳ŻϺһˡ
౾Ϊ˭֪С¹һȥҽĻϾȲĴմߴС¹һͬ
С¹Σֻûˣʱ¶һһϽ
ŷĲ١
ЯŮ밲Ԫ밲򸣽𰲣򸣽𰲡
һû뵽һ۵ӡ˵Ȼǻϱˡ

ү̧֡ǰϡ
ϣүе𾴵ġϾĶҲүĸˣүҲڻϵļӡ
ŻϺˡ
Ȼǳ֮ȴû˵ڿүͬһŵʱ򡣸æͷ˵һԡ
ްԪҲܾС޶Ԫɣĵв£ˡ
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˵վȥҲүôȻ뷨
ϼү߳ÿ·
ͻϡ
΢΢үߺվ
ﵣˡ
һվĶࡣ

ൽûġ£Ȼ˵
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̫໰˵ҲҪ˳ԱСѾ˷ֱˣϺջŶء
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ﲻˡ
æ֣ǵŮô˵ǸŮ鷳ˡ
ŮڲТҲöŶܡ
ѹϵ֣ͷʰϣȻŲи뿪
ڵŵʱ㽫ʵĸϡһ취Ҳǲġ
ô
ôʣȻʵģԼǬ¡
ţҾǸļʲҪģڵʱԲ԰ʱͻųȾЩʱ˵չ˸á
дǷŵˣԵʱЩִ٣ǽЩ£һΪ֪һ¶Ӱ
ֻжһЩ಻ҥԣһࡣ
룬˵ĲǸģԶӵ˽⣬ڵʱɾͻŪԲ԰֪ܾôʱ䣬ػعôòŷų
˵ǳɣʵ벻ʲôˡǼϣڸϡ
ֻǣ˶ŸҲûֹҲá
Էһʡ»ûŪֳʲô۶ӣЩû
˵䣬Ҳ˶ȵķˡһһȻûкܶˣҲ㹻ĸŮˡ
ڼһԣТҲˣʱһ붷Ƕµ£޺
һ㣬ȥڵţˣūźŹǡ
಻ҪڳˣҲǸ¡Ǿȥ

576İ

ϵͷԼص䣬ϺȲ衣
ûáĸŮͳˣæ£Ȳ裬ҲȺȲůůӡ
ûн͵ˣƺ׼ôˣ
ҲڼڵĻ⣬̫ˣҲһǵ
˵һ±ȽϺáƺҽġΪģһ֮ͨԡ
ûйãΣδζǵһܲ˽
ģƺ˲ģ˵ԼûҲû⡣
ǹЦһΨһֵ˵ľǣԼĸŮǺġ
Ȼ˵빬Ϊܻʶ϶Ʒ˵ֻһСšպȻֹĿǰЩ
ƺǿУǾǰۣ״Ԫʱô˵ҲһģƷĹְ
Сգôĸ㣬Եô͹ûŵ㣬ȴŵ㡣
ΪǶ
ţƺȻаգǶĪҪ̫ģץ㶽ƺ
ǰÿĵ￴εԵиӣжʮмˣĲǲƺ֮£һƥɣ
Խпܶڵģֻ಻Ϊƺ׵ܵܣͽԼȫ˵ˡ
Ǹѡ˲šҲֻôϡ
Ƕôһˣô˵֪ƺҪڲף߰˳һͬƺһˣ
֪ˣȥලƺ
ϵͷ֮ҵ׼ô
ΪԼ£ŶٻңôЩνǻ᲻ȥ˻顣
ǵõȴǣ˾ʲôҲûзһû˻飬Ҳûοʡ
ӣҲڹԼˡϾҪʥ˻顣Լû£ôװģοһ£Ҳôȥˡ
Ȼ࿴˵ʱҲ̫棬⾩֮еǸ岻ġǻǺõģûһµʱ򣬾վ˻顣
ٺϻ˵˵ԴϺôô
ֺã඼ĴϣΪ֣Լ죬ʶûʣҲûȥҹϡ
ֻǵԹ壬һֱԼһõϲõСҲͬ˵ֻҪ˾ͳɣֻһ̰ƵѣֻҪûʲô֮£൫ν
ֽ֮һԲ˵ϡ
տӣοһ¡
⻰һѸٺաԼԼȥ
ôһơ֪ԼҲİˡ
˭ҹӣôÿϡ
Ȥ˵š
֮⻰һյĶ׹Ѹ졣
ϼ״ɵľȣŮƽʱһֱǴŲŲģôܿļҹء
յı鲻òš
˵ʲôأ˼ҲûС
ձϾʮ꣬ôһ˵ġ
ϣ˵ûУ䶼ˡ
థе٩
ʹŤӡ
գʲôߵģ˵˵
İ֮ȼ
տֿ࣬ϣңҷ绹ǺܿŵģԼӣһ㶼
ռԼҶûзԣŶС˵
ǣǻߵϡ
ղ֪˼ҽʲôֻ֪ڻ
ڼ棬ûʽ֪ԼѾ²һŮġ

룬үߵôûӡΨһӡľǸС˧硣
;ǸӲ֪˵ǲ
мǸ
һֱûгϣͻȻʵֻôһʣսˡ
ҡҡͷǵͷⶼŪͿˣ⵽Ǽûм
գҪʵ˵ܰȥ̽̽
ԼûǺܺõģֻҪϵġôԼȥүҲ޷
ͬ¼Сֵʱġ
˵Ƕ˼һˣ˼ҸͲ֪ôһˣڰ
˵˼ҸͲʶඡ
壬ԼɵãʲôûŪͶ˼ҷİҲ˼Ѿɹˡ

578ﲻ

սŵĵͷ
ηۣ治ʶ
㾡ǵ˼
ϵһۣ˵գҵݣԲȥ檡
Ƕ¼С˵ˣδл䣬Ҳܼ򵥣ֻһúͶڡ
СԴӵĿϡ
Ȼƽʱϣڲͬգ˵ԼǵӣȻеӡ
ȻտˣҾȥĵ
లοԼԱߵϡ
Բȥա
ЦСûڲΪʲôﲻˣǵȵʱ򣬾ͻ˼
ûǸĸײϣӺõġ
˻䣬ϲĹôǴҲͬ⣬ף
𽥱ԼǸңȻԼҲһң檵ĿڳһΡ
ոöĬ˵һ檵Զҵūš
һᣬŵͷͬ⡣ûϲҵģҲ֪Լҵġ
ҿɶǽŵġʲô趨ʡûˣ⳿趨ʡֻǳ¡
յͷǳ˿⺢Խ
ʱҲˣÿظɣʡ·ˡ
ɫ̫ѾϦˣ˵ھڣʹҲ
ϴŻҪʱ䡣ڳٵߣˣ·׳¡
ϢҾͻȥˡµĻС¹ӹﴫ
Ҳʱ䲻ˣ׼뿪
һ¡
ϸҪ߳޵ŵʱ༰ʱס
ȥ֬ˮ
үƽʱ˺öʲô鱦֬ˮۣһЩõĺòƥ
ֻҪԽ˹صģһľ
Щ໹ܴģЩõģҲԺλˣôЩǸġ
ﳣЩΣ߲ʵģʹ͸λݵ߾͸պҵδϱ
͸Ͼϵľǲǰүġ಻̫ϲɫ̫ˡԸϺױݺţ뵽
߽һһӳߵǰ򿪺ӡ
ĸСɺУг˵ķ֮һС
ǣ
ϲ⡣
⼸һЩ֬ˮۣǻʹ͵ģŮòȥպδϱһһš
ⶫĺãŮ˰Ŀɾˡ
ЦԼСţָл治
ֻҪŮ˵ûвģοʮŮˡҴȥûдƷ⿴۵С֪ˡ
ﶼˣЩ˷ˡﻹԼðɣ
ҲҪƯǸϣԼŮƯһЩ
ţ㻹Ůû𣿡
ǰ껳ĺùһѺϣȻϻ
Цôûأƴȥѱ಻
ˣǶͻȥˡ
ϽĺӵݸţŶ֣
ߺҲſڶת
Ҫ߽޵ʱ򣬺뵽ʲôƵģԭתȻ
ʲô
ҲĿ⿴ȥɲûзʲô
ţС¹أ
ͻȻԼûˣôǲǿԽӽӻˣС¹ȥｫӽӻ
ӡС¹ӸղűٹС̫ˡ
ڸղţͬ˵ǻṦһС̫ŻŵС¹Ӷһ͹С¹ŭĸС̫뿪ˡ
ˣ
ൽûж룬Ȼ˽С¹ôضм£ӺӻҲһʱȥҲС
ǻȥɣ
ϽȥƥӹӦүأ
̧ȣŸһ̨ףܽһ̫ܻ࣬С
ﲻˡ
õĺܣҿŲˡ
תŭ⣬˻᲻˵ǼŸպõ㣬˴вˣܲ
ūŸūŲǸ˼
Сֺּ̫£찡˵һ顣ñ
ҲС̫ż˵ʲôȴֲ˵

579򵥴ֱľ

ŵģǳʲô𣿡
ͷֹ׼С̫꣬ʵ
ء鷿Ҫ߶磬ûסС¹ӹȥҲûס
С̫ഭҲֱֻ࣬öŵ׵ʯ׿
˰ˡӵС
ôǰûзȴ˵أ
ɻ綼뿪мˣȴûм·
С¹ӹȥӻֻͽ죬ūȥ͵ġ
˼ûһ¡ѹźӾҪߡ׷Ҳס
ⲻ֪ͨ˺С¹ӹ˭֪ˣӲҪ߶磬֪˼̫࣬ڡ
ⲻԼʵûа취ˣͬԪ
Цԭ󣬾ΪԼ£ûйӣô˿ӣ
ȥ͹һˣûʱ䣬ǵˡ
˵̧̨ףС̫ÿҲ֣źü̫๬Ů͸ȥˡ
ⲻ˶࣬ŸôȻƴˣʺ̫ĹǸ˶ࡣ
ֱߵǽ̩Ϊ̩Ǭ͹һֱϣΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ֱӴӽ̩ȥ
Ȼ˾ţžǳǬĿɲǳǬǳǬߵ͹
ֱ߹ǬĹžܿĺţĺź͵Ƕŵģܿſվŵ˵ˣС¹Ӽ³ɣǡ
²Ӳɵüӿ졣ȿǸɣš

ɣ˷ܵĳܹ㱻ĺŵżˣҿסˡ
౾ŵģҲһڸɣܹʱһѱסɣš
˵˶ٱˣÿζߣĪҪŵģҪǺ㣬ˤʺˡ
һ˵һ¼顣ڷָɣŲûпţŷ
ɣҲԹԵ˵̣˵֮󣬻ͷźл
лùá
ɷūˡ
ɲ˸ɣŵĵлūţչӦõġ˵¿ɰģɲܸˤˡ
õĻӦɣת̹࣬ǣҪøлղźùþôҪлл
ܱܵץˣȥȾȶܵܡ
ɣߺߵ˵
ڸɣſֱӴｫ籧ߣǱץˡ
ţżȥȥ
లοСһཱུС
ֱһǣŸɣŴĺŵ˵¡
밲򸣽𰲡
Ӹ밲
˶΢΢³Ҳվֱ壬һ
ɣ
󣬱ʲôҲû˵ֱӴ˴žҪȥ͹
˸æϡ
ൽ͹ſڵʱ⹬žȻǹŵģǲ˽
˼ˣҲͻ뿪಻ˡ
С¹ӣšû˿͸ҡ
಻ִûо˻үֱӱ߶磬ѾˣԼ͹ĹţҲҷһƨ
ǡ
С¹أɲ˾ġáš
һҲûС
ûˣ
ôʱ䣬Ȼû˿Ϊûأ
УۿڱŶȥġ
æǰ˵ΪֻС¹Ӻˣ㼰ӣűڴ˶硣
𣿺ǣ׼ͷڹأ
ЦͲˡĲԼĶִˡ
С¹ӱˡ
ֹС¹ӣ˲⣬ѵôڴ߶磬Ȼǵ͹ࡣ
Ҹֵļһֱ͹Ĺš
ֱӴֱľȹŵˡ
ǡС¹˷ˣͷңȻҵһֵĶ
ÿſڶŵСʯ̨ⶫƽʱҲûʲôôÿſڶС
С¹ӷıʯ̨һң˨ѵô£ҲͶˡ
ûţһ
ҡ
ϡ
С¹ֵڶΰʯͷءһ£εûʲô˶֪ųŲסˡ
滹ͦģٴ˵
ҡ
С¹ְʯ̨λûءžʹˡһС̫ࡣ
ϣС¹ӹʲôأǹĹţ
̫಻ʶС¹ȴʶ

580Ůˡ

ȫΪʲôţ֪
С¹ӷŵʯָָ̨ȫؿڴ
˵ģΪʲôţô֪
ȫԵĺС¹Ӵ׼ŪȥС¹Ӹˣô׾ͱŪġ
Ǽ뿪
С¹Ҳȫ˵ֱ˵ĽԼĿ˵ˡ
С¹ӹĲˣСǶ׶ⱧԶٷѡҲòŰɣ
ȫ׼ÿˡ
𣿿ǲˣڿٹġû˵ͬ⣬˭Ҳ˽߶硣
౾һֱվߵĹսǴܿſڵſڵȫ
һȻҲߵǰ
ūŸԪ밲밲Ԫ򸣽𰲣򸣽𰲣󰢸簲񰲡
ȫû뵽Ȼô棬ΪС¹һأôС¹Ӿʹ߶硣
Ԫﶼˣڿ˼ұƣ֪Լʱ¶ˡ
ߡ
ɣųȫߡ
̫ո˶ܵܡ
һֱָָſڵȫŵȫֱӹ˵ϡ
ȴûлӦɣţΪûбҪһִ̫
³ɣŵС֣ʾ˵ô
ȫһֱ̧ۣԽ˹ȥ
ȫһ⻹ˣԼСǷԸˣ˽ġ
ȫϽӵվСܵǰסȥ·
ԪҼС˵ˣ岻ʣ˼ˣù˲
ȫ˵Żۼĵסߡ
಻ãĲˡһλˣҲҪӼġ
ȻڲˡôϾСҪһСĸȾˣ˭Ρ
ɲȫףҪˣҲҪ˴ߡ
ģҼСö˲ȥ
ΪڸûȻᴫȾ硣
ǱִҪ߶أ
಻ȫ¡
С¹ӣ
漴һԵС¹ʹɫС¹ӵͷ
תȫԱƹȥȫ׼ȥС¹Ӹǯסˡ
˳ƿȫֱӳס͹ȥ
ʱͬšʱԣųҪ
ҲԣҪǶ߿ض
粻κ˿Ϊ͹ūţѾģˣҲǵòǺ
Ͼ룬̫ˣڼ˵Ĺػ罥ʼڡ
²ƻ᳹ǣͻȻǿд˶硣ֻö¡
ʲôޣҲҲһ̥ʮµġ
ڽееЪ˹˭ɣԼĺԼǰŽҪŮˣһŮΪûʧضˡ
أ㲻ҶﲻҳԲԵġ
⻰ֻһʱֻǲϲô
ٹԼԼϲԵʳ
ǲ磬ҲѧĽ粻ϲԵģģͷСӲʳ
һζıƺӳǲϲԵġ
¾諣㿴ǲĶ
ʵû취Լ侲ԲվūŵߵߣһקŶ˵ء
ζ类ڵľٶʵŵˣĿǰڣһľ⣬޶ҿˡ
С绹Сúø˵׵ġ
ϼ˵ڣҲһԼСûôʧعҪٲֹ³ʲôֲĴ
粻ڿˣҲ侲ˣҲԼ̫³çˡܽڶϣĴԪɺˡ
Ҫ˶磬ͬô
ݺݵļһʣ֮ǾǺúðο硣
磬Ƕˣﲻô㣬ҪԹԳԷ
ڶڶǰ˶ǿн籧
ŤŤȥǲڱСһ׺ܻĶ
Сôֻˡ
㲻ҶŮ˷ſҡ
һ䡰Ůˡñ侲ڣֿʼˡ
һѽקϣһƾʹڶСƨϡ
һߴﻹͣĽе
˭жǻŮ˵ģǲˣǲԪɣ

581ǴҵĶ

ÿ˵һ䡰ǲǡҪڶƨϴһơ
ʹ޵ĸ
ϼ״æǰסڡ
Сܴ˲ܴˡ
ϼסڣһæñɵ˵СŮ˶硣
أҪңء
߽ʱľǶ˵ҡ
Ķ쾾һˡǰڹأûԽȥ򿪲ķš
ۣҲۣһɣٿޣ಻֪ʲôԭö޳
Ԫ򸣽𰲡
Ůһǻǹؾصʰ
ಢŮŲֱͣӾҪߡ

ŮסǷסҪȥκˡȻܽȥ
Ҳ˵ֱӣһұһ£ſڵ˸ƨɶף泯졣
򵥴ֱĽˣŮҲҶ˵ʲô˭˼ԪߵĴŮء
Ůֱ̧ӽڵĲ
һȥ㿴类һŮţ۾޵ֺס
һӱϣϰŲʳǲûгԹļ
С
ϼͷҡҡڵĸ첲
̧ͷվſڣﲻȻһ˿ţܺõιȥˡ
Ԫ밲밲򸣽𰲡
ڳӲ۽ǣȻջӣŲ
ߡ
û˵Ӧڵֻһߡ
أԪҪȥ
һ˺࣬޵ĸģί
æǰ硣š
粻ˣʹȥ
˱Ҫߵģȴڳ
ǣ˿潫Լһ°
ӵסţ뿪
˱ڵľٶҲһΪﱧŶ磬ֻܲͣغˣȷԼͶİȫ
ȴûвƣֻǶſڡ˵
ʶ諵ĶֻһǾҸϣҶϡֻѡƾʲôö
ڣ֪˵壬ֻȵĿࡣ
ƾʲô
Цһ
ƾľǻϵʥּ
ڳ˵ľٶǲǶ˵ʲô̼ڣŮôе߶߶ġ
ʥּҲı䲻ˣ
һָ˻Ķ磬ŵĶ粻ͣ˻ꡣ
ǴҶġֻһ
һƽֻ˵Ļȴ˺ܷС
ǻȥŮ˴ҡ
˻ĶһӵĿˣڴ¡
ãʹȥ
˰οĻĶ磬ߣڵſڣҲ߲˰
ÿ
ǳ⣬ö뿪Ŷԡ
ڲ뿪뿪ҲУԪû׼Ҳ֪ˡ
ʱˣʮҲ治ˡ
ֻĲ鲻ԸÿԱһŲñźӵȳȥԼŸϣ֮ǰĿһۡ
ҪǶиţȻʮ
˵֮󣬿ҲڣһֱĬ߼ǰˡ
뿪
ϼĵ˵
Сô찡Ԫɻȥһֶᷢ类ģʱָôСأҪȥɣ
Բԣϼȥ
ʲôţ̵ⲻǺܳ𣿾Ԫɷˣô죬ҾͲˣûд󰢸һµġ
Ҳǿ򶨣ʵҲûסʱڵʱΪʲôô嶯
ǹܲסԼڶ˵ǡŮˡһ˲䡣ԴʲôˣŴ˶硣
ǶǻӣƽСӡ
ϼ仰˵ĺףǶ׶ǻӾӣڶӣ˻ӣǿǴ
ˣ˵ˣȥϢȥɣ
ڰڰ֣Լ侲Ҳ֪ˣѾˣô
ϼ״Ҳ˵ʲôֻöվŵĹŮڰ֣ȥ
һ߳͹ˣҲһ·ͣػصٹ
һţ˵
磬ͬȥϴϴһԪﻹһţòá
ҲûأԾһ˳硣Ͼ⺢ܾǳ
ǱС¹ӱģصٹڶˣҲˡ

582˽

˵Ļɵĵͷֽȥ
ôԼʹɫ
˵ͷ̧㡣
ȥ֣ûš
⺢͹ʱ򣬾˵ڴˣ˵ģ类ûûص˵ˡ
ǡ
ҲΪʲôת͸ˡ
ȥٹţûáҴ
С
Ƕһμ˵
ūȥˣû˵
ôһһû˵ͺá
βԵĺףǱƹġ
˵ЩʱɫҲܲÿ绹ôС׶ͺôҲ´ˡ
ڿһöﰡá
໹ûڣ˵ȿˡֻڵĻҲȡ
ʱˣҲ˵ݻ಻ɵòĿԡ
˸оĿ⣬ɵһ
û˼ֻǾڣôԺʱΣա
뷨֪ܲһﻹĻӣܵ˵Ƕôõġ
ڻӳˡ˼ܲԼĶ
ô뷨ġȴ֧ƴڡ
Ϊ°ѱԺӳˣ׺˷Ŀɳ
㲻֣ܳ糤иҡ
಻ͬҡҡͷ
ΪʲôҲˣ´أ
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ڽȥˣûʲôӹˡЩŮΪ걻أġú־顣
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ȥⷿȥ
ɻǵôӦүһô
ҪӣūͶ֡
֪ӦүѣΪǸԼġ
ҵģǸģһȥһЩͽ߻
үĳϵҪýģֿɲֱýߣֻͨ֡
ǣūһȥҪ
ҪüƥӣӦҪɡҪȻôôأ
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࿪ʼȻ
һѣҲһƥӾ͹ˡ
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ֻýţ˻ȥ
û޹ţĦȭƣ׼һ֮ǰҪѧϰô廨ɣ
һʱ䣬ĹŮ̫࣬ٿ

583Ԫɵܵܺ͡

¹ȥˣүҲ깤ˣֻе㲻ֱӶѣҶҲ˳ǡ
ΪĽ״Ԫǹҫˡ
үҲһְλƷ䡣
ƺʮĴǴûеġ
ڵʱʱ򣬳аٹٿжһ벻ͬ⡣ΪүΪ谮࣬ԲŸƺһְ
˭֪¹ѻƺΰ¾ͽµʱһѲ˰Ӹˡ
Ǵûˣӵĵ˲ġ
һǸ߱ĴӣһǾһá
ϴᵽġƺµǸӣг֪ӣг֪ˮ
ΪθϿС
Ϊ֪ˮòҡҷòû˵
߼ҴӸԭھǶֳμ֪ˮʱ򣬾ͱ㶯˼
ǰã֪ȥԵʱ˵ĳ֪ˮ˸ԭв͡
ǿд˸߸Ҫǿģ˭֪֪ˮҲǸӣҲûޣһ˫ƿֱڸԭͷϡ
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Ҳʱ򣬳֪Ҳ˵ԣɼôҲֻ֪֪Լý˹ٸ
ٸɵ߼ңг֪ˮˣȻ߸ٸʩѹִָ̣С
֪ҪãûˣûҲֻܸż
Ұʱ򣬳֪ӵֳƺ֮󣬳Ϊۡ
ٸ֪ĵõϢûҶ֡
ƺ˴֮󣬵һľ¡
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㣬ߣԭǱĵܵܣ׵ܵܣٹ˭ҲҸ߼Ҽ棬Ǹġ
ɱĹǺҲԼʲôطߣҲһֱ˵˳
ȵľǸɵЩ
߼Һ簡ԹӷͬǸ߼Ҫ԰¾ȡ֮ɣ
һñּ⻰Ҳֻ֪ҪǴ϶ȥˡ
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⼱ӣһ࣬ǿɲˡ붼ֱӻ˹ȥ
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ᣬԪɳָҲˣһŮȻҲ˵
˸ɵĻƾҪӸɱ߳ȥ
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ͷŪĲ豭仰ȴǶԸ˵ġ䵭顣
ߡԪɲūţʲô˵ʲô˵ôԪɽ̡̽
ôһ˵Ҳǰֻվԭء
ȻˣȻҪ鷳

584ֱ

ҪлɣūţȻ̵ڸɻǺúý̽Լ
ཫĿϵĲ豭תƵɫõĸɡ
ЦʣҲ󣬱ûţԼĲС
̣Լйˣֻõĵزˡ
ÿЩŮ˶죬ô˵඼ľֻжԷˡ
ԺĪҪһЩģ˵ֶΡҪԼģıƵģ
Щʱǽѵɡ
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ǳױɫĲ豭ŵˣҲûз֡
ȻǱ
ɿɫ䣬ǵĺܡԼţڻˡ
òܣҪʸɵʱ˵ڡ
ڸ˼͸ûһϡ
Ҳ⣬ڸɽ󣬱ԱԼλԺ۹۱ǣǹġһʱ֮䣬쳣İ
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꣬Ĭһᣬת࿴ȥ
ӾòǸɣﻹ˭һҪԸأ
ȻĻ̧ͷĿԣεҡҡͷ
֪Ǹɣڲ鲻ˡ
Īֻܻ©β͵ģӲһʱ
갲ο࣬ţǼ⡣
֪˼ֻԸ©βͣҪôȥ顣
ˣ֪ˡ
ڰ֣ŸһδֽԼԼͺͺ֦ﲻɵ̾Լˡ
ΪԼһִ˵ܶȺ˼ؾɵŮˡ
أԼˡ
ˣһ䲻ˡ
طԵˣôԲᣬͬһطԵڶΡ
ͨȻʣҲࡣ
ջؿĿ⣬ͷǼƷѣֻӷϣͿˡ
Ȼϼ£ѾһˣôҪľǽүǼá
Ҳ죬һϵʱѾˡ깤ˡ
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һʲô
ƫ󣬻ҲԳƣϵ˽ŵߣ׵ǣ첲Ȼһ
ųŶڴǵģû˷Լӡ
̧żߵԣóһֽȻչȻӵͼֻīɫġ
ϸգݲûдôҲǰĳߴģôأ

585

ʱоԼĺɫ塣
鰸鰸Ȼʲôûв··ľƽնԸ⴩ˣ
Ǿɥ
ҲãԸûע⣬ԼһСģ㽫̨ëʣȫײڵء
æ˽ȱǼûˡ
ȷಢû˵ʱ౻Ūҵ棬Լϵ̨
ī֭һء
ţūͽ˽ʰ
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Ϊĵź̺ӣһǸɾʡĸɣˤӲʹ
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СŮķԸ£ī̺֭óȻ˺˳ȥ
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׼ʱȴǳһɫĶּһ
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һֿذɣϲЩд鷨дĺõġ
峯󣬾˵鷨
һүıʼһݺǷš
ڿ˿ͬһȣൽеȲӡ
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һų޵
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ɣ
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ಢûлʲôëʣȴֵֻʱˡ

5862

Ϊñʵʱһ׼ִʶȴȥ֡
ٶǣȻǻдֵģȴ֣ôһǲ˷дҪĳЩ
ҪС¹ȥ顣
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587ĵ

źãҰƨɼ©ȥҽϣƲܲŹء
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үЦأ⻵Ůʲôʱںأÿμʺá
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һڣΪһӵϲеүȫûע⵽ЦвŵĲ⡣

588ǳ

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594ɲһҪү׹Ů

õɣŵĻӦͷĺӶǶµģ֪
ڵĺʽүǲȥĹģôҲͱʾڳӣĸ磬һ⣬үŮкӡ
ȻЩԺ᲻ỳУ˻᲻ƽ᲻ǸЩ඼֪
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ݵĻжʮλĶжʮλˡ
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ҪûмǴĻʷϣүһʮλӣʮλ
ʾһˣĿɶǻŵģҲģͨҲˡӿɶǳ˵ġ
ԼȻү谮ôү̵ÿһӣҲҪ˼Ը⡣
˵ʺĵӣ˼ݸ߹󣬻ֲһλ˵ĵġ
㲻ϲˣԽӴ͸źĺõūš
׿Դĺ˼룬꽫ĺľӽɣߵСŮ
СŮ֮󣬱һֱվڸɣ
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ڸоǰӰֵʱ򣬱ֹ̧ͣͷȥ

600

ֻǰ֮ˣŹվԼԶľ롣
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ūԩ
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ԳһЦ
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ūſԣһҲֻϵöһˡ
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Ҳˣʯ˵ˣһֻϵöһˣﳤ̫ѲߣūҲܽһ˶ﰡ
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601ʹʧ

֪̫Ѳʱ䣬һȲصһԵĲݴУһأ
ಢδתͷȥʯԼĩȹŮ
һ˵ǲ㣬ȫÿǲ㡣
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˵ꡣֱӴһţͬһţһϡ

602ôϦ

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603ϹһƤ

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604㿴ʥĸ

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605

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ϦҲţվһźš
ʱҲһյĹ򣬻յĹ򣿷ʱ̡ܶ
С¹ӱһС̫ˡ
С̫С¹ӿеСӡ
ūСӸԪ밲򸣽𰲡
Сһ޵۾Ҳҿ֪ȫƾŸо

606빬

Ϊڴ±ߣ˿˿ͶӰĺóʹõһӰ
СӾǸʰġ
ػ
Ϲֻͣ۾һ۵ϹŵСӡ
ūл
СһŹվȴû̧ͷ
Ҳ˵¶·ǰûһ
СҲһġ˼ԪﲻʣҲɵվš
С¹ӹԸū⼸עЩ档ūһҲ
ʱūű㷢һС̫࣬͵͵ǽĶǻ
ūǣڲԶš
һؾǰʱǸС̫࿴ͦżģȴʲôҲû
֮͵͵뿪ˡū£һֱԶĸţֱǸС̫ū뿪ġ
СӽԼ֪ͨͨ࣬ūţ洢㹬ɨ̫ࡣ
ΪС¹Ӷе㽻飬ֵĳ裬ǰ࣬ô˵޺
С¹ӹʱһڱӦˡ
˵
ྪȣϵҲͣÿˡûлɹʺ
˵жôλʺģֻûʺûбҪô
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Сӿ϶˵ɲ١
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С¹ӣ׽סġ
ʵʱΪ֤ȷ䣬ûС¹ӣһֱ
ӣūţʱڶǣ͵͵ĲһǽūŽ׽ˡ
С¹˵žʹӻͳһţ˫ֽųиࡣ
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಻ÿҲ֪дʲô޷Ǿ˵ԼˡʶԷԼô
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ĺǴ㹬ǳ̸
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ϦѾȷˡ
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൱ʱһԲΪûʲô˵ġ˾ͲôˣÿϢʱ
˵һ䡰á
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Ҳǽ빬
үһ˵ݣž˲֪ү˼ȴĺܡ
үϣüؽ֮󣬰ĹӣĪҪǡ
ҪľǣҪֶ衣ΪүõľЩŮ˰ơ
ƵĶ޷Ǿܳࡣ
빬֮󣬱㱻ʺס̸ͬסһ
Ϊ⾲λݵͣûڹʲôˡĵ빬ĵĽ̸
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һ񸮱ʹŮ̫ࡣȫǰչ˵ĵȼġ
ŮҲǴŮһˣǾǰꡣȹŮ˪һھ͹
һ̫Сӡ
һˣɨĹŮ̸̫СҲõţ⼸ֻź򾲹˵ġ
𡣡
ǰԷ꣬ǶĿС
Ϊ빬ز죬йҲֻ֪һԾпıЩŮ̫ࡣ

607Ļ

빬»ҪпǣЩǾŰɣ
˽һһȻӻͳĸɰɹˣҲ֪⹬дôһ˵
ūлʹ͡
ҲѣǹĹءֻĴ͹ܾ˼ź㾡ġ
СսūźСױ¡Ǵɲô
Ц˵ž˱ҡ˸еȫУҲкüס
ЩͦƯġҵ𣿡
ڿƶ߳ûмôµΣҲûмôѡ
Ů˵ԣôѣ˶еȲˡ
ȻǣСϲѣūźСϡ
ЦЦǺģѾжʮˣǣҲʮ˾ӡ
Ǿȴһµģʹȴɰ
ӦúܺദµӣǸƢõģôӱˡ
ȴǡεҡҡͷ˵ڹҪáûг谮ãҪ˳谮ӶΪ˵жôп⹬
Ҵô
һ׷ۺɫĽװЦ⣬ž󿴿ҿ
װǳϣǰûô͹ĵװһЩġ
ԴϴǱ׵ʱ˸ġһ֮󡣹﹬Ĺ󸾣Ǳ㿪ʼЧ¡ǸŮ˲뽫Լһչֳء
ʱ򣬹巻ÿȶһĺͿװ͵ȥ
СƤ𪣬ۺɫá
ͷˣѣһۺɫһɫۻɫҺɫ
ͷۺɫʺϾˡ
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ʲôҲû˵ӹ˵ݹװȴһƬϲɫ
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˾ֿʻ͵ģ׵ϲ֡
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ȥʲô
˲⣬Ȼ̫˽ϾǵĹأǻ֪ȥʺ밲ǵڶȥġ
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ԭˣôǿȥɣĪҪڵȼˡ
˵ţתҡ
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˼״æǰڡ
Сôġ
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һʰλλеλҲߵĹŮȥûǸȥġ
æǰһֹСھ˶ѵ
˲ڵһ٣εĲ֪Ǻã
Ȼվﻹ˵Ÿл
лˣҲأ
ֻô˵ţ۾ȴһ˿ޡ
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ϵȥ֮ݸһЦͦ¼˵ģԼ˴
ô׽գԼҲһ
ȥҷｫǸľù
תͷһԵԸ֮ǰҲǴ˲٣֪μ棬λݵҪλݵʹ͡
׼˲ٶ޷ǾһЩϡΡ
һЩûеʯ
ȥĿ죬Ҳ죬ʱһƴĺӡ
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꽫Ӿٵǰȴûнӹ°ָָڡ
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ת˫źӵݵǰ
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˼ûд򿪵˼ɵôߴٵҪ͵ϲС

608ʹûк

ôţҲоڣȻôԾʹƵˡ
ʲôҲЦ²ô
ִ򿪺ľСӵĸӣĶе㾪ȡ
Ҳӹʹͣȴûм˴󷽵ʹ͡
ﾲһĴָ飬ǲͨİ飬дڵһŴ顣
ȻȲϻʺƽʱĶ󣬵ʤɫƯ
ʵ̫ˣɲ¡
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ڣҲǺԭģȻ˼ҵĶôҪܵ澲˵˵󹬵
˼״ϲ裬û˸˵ءڱԸԸȻ
⹬ʱлʺסɣһλԪסٹŴ󰢸ܻϳ谮
һλǸסǬŮ丸ǳд󳼸߱

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ҲϲôΪ˾ˣҲΪԼǾ汻˸ݺˣôĴͻ񸮸ɿ
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ո˵û⹬ūţûһȥġ֪ΪΣ
Ϊ˸ǽжžȥңΪҲǵһδĻף·Щȣȫ
СĽŵ¡
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ҲûмүԶڳ谮ʲôҲ⣬󹬵Ĺϵ
Ȼ棬֪ʹıƲϣôܲСġ
Ԫ˵ǰƽƽĵó衣Իϵǻ񡣡
꽫˷ϣԼ˺󼸲;档
ʱĻˡŵĵɴ˫ۡ
ܳʲôܳ費ָϵĳңƽʱʹͣţЩǳ谮
ϵǻҲһˡѵûȥ𣿡
˵Ƕ裬ôñʾһֻȥ

609˵ǰæ

˵Ĳࡣ˵ҲȥʺＸΣҲֻȥİ磬ɾûִˣŶԸ̤ȥ
Ծ˵ĳԾ귴ĺܶࡣΪЩǿڶ
С֪ūźС֮ǰ񸮵ķġÿ񸮷ֳȥʹͣСһ͸ģġʣµ֮ٲŻָ
ˣūȥΪūǣõģҲġҪԪΪ˺ƣ𷣹Ů̫ࡣ
˵ţһǰҲȥҲûлŮ
ˡڵ˾Ҳͦõġ뾲˿Ҳһϲ˵ġ
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ڵǱͿˣ֪Ҫ˭źá
ûҪƭĹŮҲƭġ
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⾲˸ˡĳЩ˾Ͳˡ
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൱ˡ
Ѿүȥŵ׼С¹ӱϢȴġ
˵ûȥ̸
Ҳں³ɣš
˱ͺóԣһʳ½ľ˵Ĳ
Ӳǣ״һ衣
ӹһڣɣȻһźֺ׼ְڰ֡
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˵Ҳûʲôţʲô¶ûһ
С¹˵Ҳ֡ǵһμ˸ӵģֺǺǵһš

610޲ɢϯ

ţ֪ˡ
ͷȻϿ⾲Įģǲأ
үûȥ̸Ҳûȥ˳ǬϢһ
ڶ糯
Ҳ磬Ϊ빬Ҫȥʺʰġ
ȻˣҲҪȥֹȥеĴССҪȥ
ӣ촩Һɫô
¹ȡһҺɫװǰȻȻȥ
˷ܵı飬ͺԼһ
ѣȴЦЦҡҡͷ
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˵ٲٶۣǾȥʺ밲Ӵɫģⲻ˵ķͷ𣿡
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һλûˣˣӦһİס
ĵǲͰ˵ĳе񣬲˵˳񣬶˵

611λݾǳõ

ߣ䡣һӢȴǰӲ
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ⳤ࣬಻òҲ֪Ůӱľˡ
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ںУ˶ڸҲһֻ۱һֻۡ
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Ȼʺ֮󣬺ԽԽûˡǽĳǬˡʹ뷣ͷ
ȥ츨֮ȨҲͰˣʺҲû
ǻʺȴû취ͷɣ˭˼ибµİꡣ϶޿κΡô죬ðŭϵΣգͷ˸ɡ
Ǿ˵һ밲ⷣɣȥ½Ӧ
ʺǲøôһ˵ĳͷǿԵġ
ӵĸȻҲûа취Ҳеǡ
һᣬ½ӦŴٽˣôţ½ӦƺҲûоί
ֻ½Ӧоպģ۾Ҳġ
ɱ붯ƹ½ӦģӦǹű½Ӧо
ʺ밲򸣽𰲡
½ӦޱĶλĻʺӯӯһݡ޲
󹬲˵Щλݵźϵģ˵ǾǸλõġ
ͱ죬Ϊͷڸ󣬸Լûվȣˣסˡ
ȴĴվڸˡ
ﲻˬôǳͲϴϷȴܱ֡
ɣ
ʺҲû⣬̧첲ʾ½Ӧ¡
Ǿλǵһμ棬ˡ
ʺȻûмˣ׾һˡ𾲹˵ʱ
Ҳصվ
ʺ밲򸣽𰲡
˶ŻʺؾصйݴȻйˡݴ񣬲˰ݼʺ

612檺Ȳϲˮ

ɣȻѾ빬ôӦԻΪȣźϣΪҿ֦ɢҶ
ʺҲ˵ѵĻ˰ݼĸ˵ģʺҲ˵ĲֹһˣˡҲˡ
ʺ̻塣
һݣЩġǽŽ밲ܷˡԷκβ
ɣȥǶԲҡʹ͸ˡ
λʺûдֻͣǸһԲҡΪ⾲ûޣֻг޵ĹŻʹ͡
ʱٱһӣĸǴ򿪵ġ
źߵǰӳʵݸˡ
̧ͷȥһԽҡϸʽӱ˺ϲ
״æǰһӹĺӡĵײײˣл
лʺʹ͡
ţͬĽá
ʺĵͷ˵
ֱߵԪɣԪɶ¸ɡ
ʺ˫ֵϣ۾͸ɡҲֻ˾ˣΪλݻܡ
ʶתӡãҲԼʰ
ȴ֪һٶø
ΪͬΪλôȸ밲֤ԼһȣԸô᲻ء
Ԫ밲򸣽𰲡
˵ţรൽûʲôֻ΢Цþ
ɣˣҲʲôҲ֪ϲ
仰ܶ˲Ŀ˭֪콫һ̺ö
˵ûʲôöⲻǴǶʲôöЩô
û˵
̧֣ǰһ׼õĺӵݸˡ
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ˮɫǳã̴̵ģϲ
ôõˮɫƽʱǺѼġҾģвõġ
ȴ֪ಢûпʣȷ㲻ʲôö
һеȵİɣʹ˶ϲʹϴʹˣҲһʹ;Ҳһ
Ҳû취ࡣүϲʹʹͳȥȻҲˡ
лԪʹͣϲ
һݣȻŸ߸˵ת׼ʰ
ֻһת㿴һ
˶ʱЦˡ֪Լˡø׶ˡǾеӡǸҪġ
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⾲˵һ밲͵ɣҪȻҲ˵ͨ١
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ʺ˰˵ˣɻǵˡ
пˮ²أϲˮոպã̵ˡôⱭֻе˵ˡ
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ȰԼ侲
ⷢһУ±Ƶ෴Ӧ׷ʲô
ȷʵ׸ΪʲôΪѾˣΪ֪Ҳǵһμ档Ծ˵˸Ӧòڡ
ôڸղŷ֮Уĳµ˸ɡ
£ӦǾȸʰС۵ĸɡ

613˹԰

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춼Ҫˡ
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Ҫ˵ѾǴˡսʱһЩʱܣأ˲ٹ
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ֳӽ̶׳棬һӣҲнп滢ġ
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죬Ϳʼˣȴ࣬ͽС¹ݹһζѡ
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ǻϲĲˡ
ţһԽԽˡǿʼӻ
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һͬ죬һ廨
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˴ӯӯһݡ
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614ŷ

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ֻƽƽĹӶѣȴĵ˱ˡ
죬˻ص̸֮ͬ˵ˣڴɣһԪΪ׵ģһԸΪסڻʺʲôҲܣֻҪûֳ¾ͳɡ
ǼͶ񾲹Īĵ˸ɣôҪںУĻȥֻԪ
һ羲˾ˣȴˡ
Ϊʹ֪Ԫʲôãǲϲ˳һ㶼˯Ȼѡ
Ծ˲ŵȵʱ밲

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Ǹͬܡү飬飬ĹŮ̫顣ܵ˵ҲС

615㲻ˬ

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˵ţеˣϵ˼֮ԽŨˡ
뿪ƶҲжˣҲ֪ôˡ
Լ뿪˿ƶߣżɣ֪Լ״壬Ҳİɣ
һʱ侲䣬ղŵ˷֮飬Ȼ޴档
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ףôˣȻǴ֪ʲô
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ԽԽҲɫ۲űãҲ
ԼȣӱȲϣĺá
檸밲
߽ү΢΢
һֱרĿү顣

үָָԼ齣ʾ£Ҳֱ£Ҳڡ
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˭뵽쾹Ȼˡ

616Ҿ۾ҺΣ

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ط¡廨ͨһһȴܱ棬壬һƣ͸һ
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617Тڽ˭

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ȽϱĹɻ£ûôãΪʲôµġֻҪˣһЩһɴᣣһɫҲûô
꣬ꡣ
±ߣָӡȻ˵ҪʲôµģϴϴǱҪġ
ˡ
꿴ŽҲŽⷿЩ׷ùĶó
ⲻհᵽһ룬ڽ
解Щ
Ӧ֮ҿ˿һԵɨԺӣ㽫¸
ܲһɣеǿ֢ܲˡ
ӣūʲô£
Ȱźܹȥ
ȥС¹ӣЩҶһ
ָָԼ޵һɫ
ƽʱȷʵѷ֣վλ⣬պܿôһ㡣
֮УôĵطࡣԽɨôһʰˡ
ǣūȥ
Ҳû˵ʲôתȥѰС¹ȥˡ
ӣ޵ɴô
ҴҵĴ޵ܳϱһѵɴ⻹үʹ͵ģΪһ໻ϡ
ɴΪ¹ɴΪɴһԣǾǿźܺʵźãһ¹һԲŽ¹ɴ
žɣ
ͷæµĸоһֹɨĸоֵġ
Ŀ϶æȥﻻɴȥˡһС¹ӾͰһӡ
Ӵ޵£ԼȥԲ޵ϵҶ
ֵģǰͬ֡
Тڽʹźܶ¿ˡ󳼼ҿȢ檡Իӡ
ôΪϵүҲһԽ糯Χһ˵ġ
Ǿһȵѡ㡣ҪѡҳȴδİҲҪѡոร͸

618Ǽݳ

࣬˳
վүԱߣ͡
бࡱ
վһ׺ӵʹ٣רż¼ϵһһеĹԱ
δкαࡣ
үʡоͿүжôϲδ˵
ΪЩϸͻ˵һЩүϲġ
ȵТԹϺ󹬿飬õʱÿԾѡ㡣
δ⻰˸顣
飬δ˵ǡõʱѡˡ
֪˭ͷþ͸ˮһը˹
ǰļ˻ǱȽϵġ
үҲֹôۿ࣬һһġ
ĹԱǣԼ̫ģҲ֪ԼڳϡԱһᣬ㿪ʼ
һԵе졣ΪϴʱһϷʵĿЩûʵĴ󳼡
λˡүĵ
һʱ֮ˣղŻֵˣһ±øˡ
λ󳼺ܹ֮°
үƮƮһ仰ȴһʯͷѹֵĴ
Ȼˡ
˵үѲһܡ
޻̫ͬ˵ġ
үԼԲѡŮǻİҪһѡڱСҿ̲ݻ
ʥ
治ٴ˵仰֮󣬶͵͵Ӳöͷڵĺˮ
Ǳŵġ
˳
Ȼôһ£ˣȻ˳ˡ
ꡣ
һߺȣү뿪ˡ½½Ĵȥ
·ûþʹ̫үȥһ˴
Ҳ֪ô˵ģµ׿ʼѡ㡣
ʱûд󹬣֪ҲֻҪѡˡ
˻ϲˡϲǣĳ谮˲˵ȻǸɡ
ǵǣں⼸趼òģǸˡ
ЩҪЩӡĿǰ˽ŵıǽϻᷭ˭ӡ
ҹĻ٣ԵүҲӭ֮еĵһηӡ
ūž·ܹ̫밲
һ̫лһ̣ʮһӣһӱǻʺȻԪɣɣˣˣչˣˣڣڣ½ӦӦ
ɣ
үͷҲûֻ̧ǷԸ֮󣬾ͼԼͷϵ顣
̫һᣬүʲôӦûУɵЩżǻϵһηӣɲܳ
̫ȵҲֻһʼ硣æأɲҴš
̫Σֻү
ϣˡ
̫ᣬŵүһ
ү̫ôһѣ̧ͷһۣǵɵȴ̫࣬һԵ
ȻԼʲô£ֱүϵĺŰ׹
ܹܣȻԪˣܹȥ׵
ҲǇģϼȻҪԪޣ͹ķӵˣҪ˵һ
ֲТڣ͵͵ģԹҲû˺˵ʲô
ūŸˡ
ܹȻʹ󣬿ľʱѾµϻѡԪˡ
ТڶǿɾĳšһТڣǻ
ܹܼүʲô˵ĵش뿪ˡ
ĵһʱֻʣүˡղŵ֮үһҲû˼ۡӶࡣ
ڼ
Ȼ룬ôֱӹȥˡĵҲ¡
ǡ
æӦ漴
үڼ
ôһǸ֪ˣϽȥȥԵū׼׼Ķ˵ϵĲ졣
оǻϳе̡ȥǰǰʹϼ˾ˣүǻһγҺ󹬣Ƿǳġ
ϳӦɾ·̫࣬ϴõñӹţ̧ϵǬ幬ġ
ү֪ԲϲͷԸȥԺ಻Ҫô
үǳǼݡȥ
Ϊ·׼Դĵ·̡һ·ϵƻַͨǷ
ϼݵ
̧Ǽݡͣſڡүڲ֮ϡԱ߶֡Ǽǰа˸ŮŹơ߶ĸŮͬŹơĸŮ֮󻹸ŶʮС̫ࡣ
ǻϳе̡ϡҪǰ죬̫Ŵ죬ȡ
ϡŵ½ﺣֵܡΪ֪Ҫֵſš
үǼһֵߡ

619Լѡ

꣡
ֵͷڵһ
Ǽأүһ˦ֱֵۣǰ߹ȥ
еĹŮվ޵ӭӡ
ֵܵĵ밲֮󡣹ŮǽԹڵϡ밲
ϼ顣
վ޵ſڡү΢΢һЦȻϥ
檸밲򸣽𰲡
ôҪӾҪҪԴǻҺ󹬵ĵһΣ߿ɲ١ɲ˻
ɲñˣ˵ԼڵһξͲػϣӹأǡ
߶ҹ¶ءôôپڴ߶
ү̨סץסС֣ĺ䣬үվһˡҪȻҲô䡣
źǼӽȥഩѣ˷纮
үſС֡תͷȥһԵ
һ⵹ˡŽϻһʱָֽšͽô¶ˡ
Һûʲô¡ҪȻû˵Ҳ
ūźӽȥ
ǰࡣ״ȥһֻ֡
״һЦһ䡣ִֻʱ䳤ˣһ
ϣûϵ
ֻӿתͷү˵
ϻǿɡ
Ȼо䡣µ죬ү˵ģҹ¶ءүôվ߶ˡǿɾͲˡ
߰ɣүһȥ
ү۾ֽҲקڸǰһͬҡ
Ϧʱݺ˻裬˵ġƽʱϲ档
үֱȥ߶ūأֻ߶šϳ֮ͬһǬ幬
ſɺã
үºĵһ仰ϳԵĺòã
ҾڸղŲãҲǹﴫʱ̫Ըƹ³͸ɣš
ϵ¶СӻǲҪڵĺá̫ҲСһúܡ˱ᣬСһӹȥס졣
ҲûӸ壬Ҫȥ̫඼ϰˡ
Ҫ˵ʹȫĵطǾ̫Ĵˡ
ԣȥ˴ɷĵúܡүҲǸˡû˴
ܲүôˡӺϲԵġǳԵĶǶԲأ
ΪТڽĵһ졣үÿ˲ˡǰֻүԵš
ТڽˡҲɿˡԺ˵ҲҪôн
үһЦТڼ䡣ܴ֣ܴЦȴˡ
ǷſӡòڣүҲڡ
ɲҪЦЦҪ᲻ᱻ˷ץѱ
һĴܡβĸо治áһиɻ
Ǻǡºû˾ˡ
үЦˣϲڡ
һүҪͬ˵һ˵
ү˵üͷΪҪ˵ľѡ֮¡
Ҳ֪˵᲻ǲ˵ʱǻ֪ʱүͿҪˡ
ŶүʲôҪͬ˵
üүʲôүôӣôһͬ˵
š
Ȼүģүȴ֪ôڡ
ôһֹӡż
ү˵ѽ
಻Ĵߴٵġ
ү˿ࡣȻӢüͷ͸һģү࿴ĺЦ
糯֮ʱλѡ֮¡
ү˵Ż۲ı顣һ⡣ֻüʾү˵
үǻҲˡΪȵТڡλ갢磬δ䡣ˣүʱøѡո߲ร񡣡
ү뷨ûԼѡŮΪ顣ŮҲǶġҪ
үûŸԼѡ
Ȥ˵֪үûǸ뷨ǣǰ󹬿ɲô롣͹˵үáʵ̫ˡ
ƽǰĴҲԲȰүѡ㡣ǣүѡӡ
үǣҵĳ갢ѡޡ
˵ʲô
үָͷһԱ˳һɹȥһ͹ˡҪôŮ˸û¶Լ¶
үɲԼû¶¶
ЩŮΪ裬ʲô¶
Ǳ֮ʱϣӦˣǸĸǸֵ
ࡣүɲ챻ǵš

620ӣүǳԵĲ

͡
͵Цүľá
үģԼѡҲġ
֪ѡ㡣үԼѡֲǰֲ̫
̫ǸʵʵڵĹŴŮˡһǻʹеŮˡ˼ǣŮȺȺϾ͸úǧ
Σ̫Ȼүѡ
ֻǾǲ֪ļ붨ȻǬ¡ʮ꣬빬ġһ빬ʢ衣Ů
˼ϣүѡŮɣ
ү˫쬵ĶࡣҪ˵ǡҪȥݺʰһ١
ŮˣǧټƵĲԼˣȢŮˡã⣬ԼѡŮ
ҿûϣֻ˵Ҷ಻үܱ֤ԼţѡŮ
ൽүವ񡣷üү
⡭
үһʱ磬ûԼѡҲֹˣ̫ҪԼѡÿеġ
ɣү˵顣ߡ
йĺһ㲻ү
಻ҪүǸ˼¶үȷʵˡүӦ㣬ѡүȥģİɣ
үţǼ⡣æŵڶŮһȤûСȫĶ
ʵûֻŻŻүѡ
ߣүѡ𣿡
֪ѡ¶Ҳ֪̫үȥ˵ľѡ¶Ҳ¶Ѿʱˡ
̫үȥѡµס
үʵʵĻش
µף
üʱҲ̫˰ɡ˵ǰѡ㡣ŮǶҪ׼þõġеҪ׼һ֮áôͻȻеŮԶĵطϵǶֹʱˡ
¶Ҳܡ˵ЩŮϲźء
ǵģ࿴°ӣвٺӣʺϸЩӰȥá
үͷ¶̫ġ˵ҲûʲôԾôˡ
ԭˡ
ͷ֪ġŴ˳ףľһӡһӼӡ
һӰôࡣܲһüװɣѡЩţҲá
˲˵ЩˡүҪҪġ
ү˵껹۾һۡվǰȥ
˫ֱءֲɵүģһ֪ү߶ʲô
Ǹүʱ仹磬ҪҪһᡣ
Ͱ͵ģ˫һգգĿүүһ
ʱ䲻ˡǻЪϢɡ
үѹſϷĿԣү
Ǻǣⲻǲ𣿶ͦŵġүҪҪҳȥߡ
仰û˵ѡȷʵү֮ǰšܸоӹĹĵġҪʱںүڴ˶˶һ϶ۡ
˼Ҳ˵𣿳Ա㲻ܾ˶
ڣȻүš
үŵĻӣǲǹĹĵġ
˵үĴַԼĸֻǴүĶӡȷû˵ѣүȴˡ
һ˫֡˳ĸһ·ϡ
ͣͣͣүǶӡĶأ
˫ָϽץסүĴ֡Լһ
ⲻү𣿡
ү޹գһ˫һۣࡣ
Ŷӡ˫ȴ뷨
ǻǳȥһ߰ɡ
һƿүһֻץүҪ
ûпүĽթ
һ޹֮⣬滨档
ȻѾˣԺ𣬻ԼԼһЩûлӻһ
֣һϲЩ˶ϲһЩݲݵġĿ
үǲֹһ˵ཫЩԳȥ˼Ӳǲͬ⡣
ѵЩĻĿ𣿡
үһۣ;ԺƯˡ
˵ˣÿ＾ĹӣүҲ𣿡
Եı˶ࡣΪЩӶĹ
ÿڶϸĴݣʩʣˮչ˵λΪÿ꿪Ļɲ١
໹¹̫ѹС¹ӸЩ˹
֮ÿϵĹӽִֺ졣ɷǿɰζҲɿڡ
ÿӳļڣӸһЩ
Ĺӣ໹øٹˣ̸ľ˶ȥ١
үû͹үԼԡĸժǸԵı˻Ҫࡣ

621ﳤ

ҪүԣǹӾ͵ˡүǰ⡣
үԵǿʶ˵⻰ʱ۾գգһ¡Լ඼
˵֮Ҳ࣬תͷȥֿɼһ֦һ
үıӰ졣
ǰҿҪллү
Ȼô˵໹ͦүͬһЩӵġ
һŬ֣һԡƺôһͬʹ˼
˵ʱүͻȻһ֦һķޡ
˱Ȼ
˵Ż˺󼸲´ࡣ
ҪƽŮӱҲôһ˵ô϶Ầһ¡಻ƽŮӡ˵ȻẦߡ
үѺüӲҵͷϡ
Ŀү½һͷʱĵһӦǺöӡ
үһŪеû뵽ôɷ羰ġ
ôĳôǡõʱ䣬ྐྵȻ˵ôɷ羰Ļ
ô˵Ĳ𣿡
໹ûзӦΪԼ˵Ĳԣүһ֦һүǰһ
үƣа˶һԺǰ˸ӡ
֮󣬻ٵүǰүȷԼûд
үһֱָָָࡣȴʲôҲû˵һ˦䣬תص޵
ȻүʲôҲûж˵໹ү֮ǰ͹֡鳡
ףôˣҰ𣿡
һ֦һָүıӰתͷȥһԵͷˡ
ūŲ֪
ͬе㲻Ծ
ͷʺţһôԾ漴ع
˲͵Цɣ
Ƕ̧ͷ
۾ǰļˣҪ۾ûĻ⼸˵ļԵĶ
˱ôţⲻ̧ͷҲУ̧ͷĻҲС
ԼеᣬһʱҲû̧ͷ
̧ͷôԺͷˡ
ֲŪһһνӡ
˱ôһвеµģһԥԥ̧ͷ
תͷȥðһˣԵĸղһֱЦء
ϣһˣҿЦˡ
˫ֱ󣬴ǰ߹ǲ뿪ֱͻͻ
ǸӣūžүеˣҪҪȥ
ܲв꿪˵
û£ȥ֮ǰҲҪǴˣȻЦһȥȦ˵
Ҳǰʲôģͷܲͷǣǿˣһá
ԪɲСȦ᲻̫ˡ
ΡΡָͷȻ˵Ȧ࣬κռȦȾˣ׼ʹ
ôּͬۻۣҪȥͬ˵˵泰ЦϣȦõ㻹ǰӺõ㡣
鲻ˬȻҲøŲˬȻ͵Ц
ûʮȦˡ
Ǻǣū˵ЦأȦһҲ٣١
ֲΡΡԼƣתſڶȥһͷϣܸı⡣Ǿ߳ʲôû˵
ӣūл˵
Ϧһֻ֣ʵڲܣȿ϶ۣϻҪֵء
Ŷʲô
üϦҲϣĿϦ˵Щʲôܲ⡣
ūſԸΪʲôôȦɲԲˡ
Ϧһɤӣܾ
౻ϦôһѡŷӦүղΪʲôȻ鳣ﳤˡ
еʱ򣬱һ¿ţºԣǵʱתǸ䡣
˾ͲһˣҲ˵Թ塣
ǵߣϦ˾Թߡ
ô˵˵
ָ֦ϦϦŷеͺá
үһ֦һ˱Ȼʱô˵һЩɷ羰Ļأ
ˣȻǽ߲ѲŶԡ
ϦȻһûг׵СҼҵġǸʱˣٶһŮ֮顣
ҪҲ˵һ鳣ʵ̫ˡ
Ϧôһ㣬ǷӦˣԭүղһѣһ˸Ӹˡ
˵үΪʲôϣ˵˼ˡ
ˣ֪
׹Ҫ޵ȥү
ӸմӦūŵġ
Ϧת֮ʣæ˵ʡһڲˣɾͲˡ

622ио

ߣɣ
һϦ޲дţʶࡣ
תŽŲ̧أִһ
ǲҲԲȥˡ
ֿ꣬ϦĿϣҲܣ
Ǻǡ
תһЦЦǽһáһЦΪͬˣһ仰ŵæܳ
چ£һ˾ʮȦ
໰䣬ѾӰˡſڴϦ˲ͷڵĺˮ
ѽѽҿ˵ҪȻ͸ȥܲˡ
תתʱ򻹳ϦƲһۡ
ȥ֦һ
ҪЩһȥүء
ϦȻףɻȥһȥˡ
Ϧһֽӹתص޵޵֮еүƵϣűĻ衣
Ҳ˵һƿ⼸һߵ齵һ£ĵ˲廨
ү⻨ôһ˯ʱ򡣷ڴͷ϶ûŵ㡣
ʲô¶ûзһԼǰĻƿǰƣƵүĸǰ
үƲһۣͷûжֻ۾΢΢бһۡ
ֻһּ֮Ȳ衣
軹δѾˡ
ϣýӰ
౾ΪүῪڵʱû뵽үȻôһ䡣
Ū㱻ԼĿˮǺ
Ǻǣǿ֦ҶïģҲں⼸仨
Σû뵽үȻôһСۡĻ
ǿɲУүժ˰˶仨㶼˵Ҫ˿ӡһǿҪһˡ
Եĳζʮ㡣ǱҪǷᣬжǷᡣ
˼ҡȶֻ֣š
Ӵүһ
ү˵ŻһǰĻƿľô
һġʮţʮʮһ
಻ŵĵɴ۾û뵽үĻôССŹ
үҴˣҴˣĴˡˣˡժ֧Ǹ＾ʱӲִֺ졣
˫ֺʮݷһүҾĴˣǸ鳡
֪
үüͷ࣬ԼһǻѪһˮõġ
ϿҵصͷԼҪٲϴү˵ĻѿУ߶ȥ
Ȼ֪ˣǾȥ˯ɡүʱҲˡ
үûǽǸʲôġ
ðɣү¶أȥɡʡһֱһ¶
˽źүϴޡ
˵žҪվǵûϦءõϡ
⻹û߼ءͱվүྪС
үʲôţ
үϲҪź򡣡
ү˵ߣඪڴϡ
һ壬ðɣôֱҲү·
ŽඪϴүҲſȥֻǸȥүͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģִӴ
ƶҲû˵ʲôһ˲˲Ķү
ֻү˴ߵ齱ϣղƿһֻص˴߶
ƿĴͷ߶ϡЬ˴
Ʈϵ
ǲǸио
үЦһʱûзӦʲôиоֱ
һϣۣҲŵһɻ㣬׹ү˵ʲôиоˡ
Ż£ͦиоģ
ںʱʱϨ˵ơſʼһһϨ˵ơ
ڶһ磬үҪ糯ԾѾ⣬ж˽
򰲡
Ϧ˹밲
ɣźϴ¡ĪҪǼӡ
ү˵Żͷһ˯ࡣۻϢһɣ
ǡ
Ӧźүмһҷ
ֱүһ׵ʱ˯һᡣ
үһκޣ磬Ҫȥʺ밲ģүҲֻܾĲ˯һᡣ
ǵʱ䣬껹ǽࡣ඼ûзƢΪҲҪˣȻ֪Ҫȥʺ밲
˯ʱʱ򣬾Ȼˡ

һˮ˫ȻڶţΪȦ
ʲôʱ
ڴϣԼһתͷȥһԵꡣ
ӡѾîʱˡ
һ߶ϴӣһ߻ش⡣

623ҿһ

îʱˣ컹Ҫȥʺ밲ءױɣ
һ飬ʱɲˡƸȥʱ˶õˣʱЩеĳ˵ˣָĴ̶ˡ
Īţ˵ˣȥûϵʺǱѾ֪ˡ
Ϧ߽ʱ򣬾˵Щæ͡
үȻܲȥ밲ǿһȥⲻصĵ֮󣬱ȥ֪ʺˡ
ǰӣϿ˵ˣˣҪϢϢ
գһ˫۾ĿࡣȤ˵Ϊ
꣬ԽԽѧĻˣȻôĿŵشȤӡ
˫ۺݺݵصźȻŵ߶ûκвڴһ㡣ɲϦĹϵɲǹһ
ȦǲǲҪһʱȥܸʮȦȦġ
ūŴˣūŴˡūڻڶˡˣҲϢ
æģɲȥܸʮȦȦˣȦѾˣʮȦȦվˡ
͡ƶ죬źױ¡ĪҪһˡ
ҲѾ֪ˡܲٵٵɲѾжˣȥˣɾдˡ
ǡ
Ϧͬ··ױױ
ûþͽʰ׵ҲóԡϦƽʱеĹŮ̫ࡣ
ƺƵȥ
εˣߵ㹬棬һͬȥڣоˡ
Ԫ밲򸣽𰲡
˹ؾصĸʰ
һ̧ɣ
ŴߵĹŮվվ֮ˣʲôҲû˵Ҳ⡣ȥ
ˣЩѡ֮¡
˸߹㹬ûеſڡ˾ͲסӣԻãôһ·ţͦӦġ
Ҳû룬ѿڶľѡ¡
Ҫ֪ӣΪơר˵أ
ϢǴģ㶼֪ˡȻҲյ
ͷҲûءһ߶һ߶Ӧˡ
һԵڣʲôҲ˵͸Ǻ߶ߡ
ԴȥǼ¶֮ڣرİ·صǱ֮ʱĬĬţһ͸ˡ
밲ʱ밲밲ʱ͹ԹԴԼĹ
û鷳žͺáĴˣЩġ
Ĳˣô֪ܲأ
ЦЦⲻûһ˵
ѽҪգԺҪµɲôˡ
֪⾲һûг谮ˣԺ󶥶λšҪȻȥ˵ء
¡ⲻ𣿡
ȻʮˣӰԽԽСˡռʱ
ҲֻǰǰʱˣΪһš
ɲһ㹬Ůܱȵģй֮޲
ԾôһŮĸ֡
Ҳʮʱһֱ㡣
תûĵһ۾ˣûмôʲôҪֻҪгкȣдˡ
߻ꡣ
΢΢һЦҲֽԼǰŵһ㶡
ǰҿһꡣ
껹ͦкøеģҪƽŮһôӣı·ˣȴһһΪ˾ˣ㾲˲Ҳ벻һˡ
ūŶлԪ佱ǼСūŰˡ
æ˵;ͦõģȻž˲ó裬ȴƽ˵Ԫﻤš
Ҳûʲô࣬˸еģҲУȹ˻࣬ǰݼڡ
ϳ谮Ԫɣ񸮾Ͳҿ˿õȥ
ԪϲˣҲ̫Ϊ̸ֹûжȱʲô
ƽʱҲʹһЩõģԵĸ̸ľˣԼˡ
˵űߵſڣ㿴û٣Ǿһ·ûпˡ֪Ѿˡ
ҲҶȴֱӿżȥ
ſڣרվһС̫ࡣǻĸ˵̫ͨࡣ
С̫࿴ʱ͡
Ԫﵽ˵ڵ
С̫£Ѿż

624ôÿζѧԣ

ˡС̫£תͷȥſڡ
߽ı࣬žˣڡ
߶Ҳһġ
ʺҲѾλϡλյλáʺµĵһλ͵ڶλһڶλ
ʺµĵһλ͵ڶλ;˵ģһȻڵġ
檣ʺ밲򸣽𰲡
ˣŻʺ΢΢
߻ʺûп˵һȿ˿ڡ
ǻרŶĶȥġ
ӴԪﰡҹˣϸʺ밲ôˣӿ湻İ
ô뵽ˡΪǸɣȴƽʱô˵Ľڡ
˳Ĭˡˣô˴ڡ
ڿɲҪʰʺ밲ʺʲôû˵һڸȡʺӹҲס
ԼݡǱ
ʺ˼ԶǱû˵ֵһ˵ˡ
ɲôϥһֱվšڽ˵ʱ򣬱Ѿվ
۹ʺͽˡ
ʺ⻰ԲӡҲΪʺ󱧲ƽԪˣǶԻʺĲòô˵û˵
׼ôʺǡһĬĸȴ˵ˡ
ڸ˵֮ǰʺѾ̧ʾ⡣;¡
ڸ˵ⷬʱѾᵽԼλȥˡ
ôһ˵ʺ֪ɲһֵ϶Ƿǡ
ҪǷǣֱԪҲˣƫƫһʺʺȻˬˡ
ԪдҲǻʺͷֲһָֻš
˿ɿ˶಻ãҲ֪Լо˸ɣҲںôһΡ
һ
˵ģȫôһ˵ǵӣûôġô롣˲ô롣
㣬˵
ڱôһ˵ܻš뷨Ҳܾô˵
ҪɱͷĴ
ҿû˵彲ľһбһڡ͸ô˵һ㼸λ㲻Լˣ㵱Լʲô
ȻûзԼķӦֻһ˼ýڲÿ
˵ĵҲС֪˴ʲô
žˡСˣĺ߶ԪڸԲôĿ˵ġ
ԺǧҪҪ
߶סĿǻʺ󡣱˼˵˻ʺλòɡû֤ݣȫϣ˵ɲһС
СҪԣôҪ֪Ҳʲôӡ
Ҫ⵹ԪɣҪµЩСһ⵹ûЩСˡҪ˭ܰ˵£
ûҲ˼
ȻǴҲɻĵ˼ⶥһ£˽λݣݶҲе
α˵ôأ
౾ǴȿϷ˭֪嶯ӡ˼һû˵أ̲סˡ
ǱɸŻסˡ
Ҳû˵Ǵ彲Ǹ𱰡ڲȣֻǺѣôʲѡ
Լڣ˷ϲС֡
Ȼ˵⻰˵ĲԣҲɸɴ˾ˡ
ô˵⾲Ҳˣܲɸô
Ԫ澲ﲻɣ
еżˣֻҪԪɲڣôҪþˣͲôˣʹ֪ϳ谮ԪɡԴˣҲǰݼڡ
˻ϣҲ˾˵ֻҪԪɿ˿ڣҲǽ㾲˼ѡ
澲ô
౾ڰοˡ˸ô˵ͻȻ̧ͷವɡ
벻ͨˣôÿζҪԣÿβһͲһ
㡭
һΣɱҲû취
ˣԪޣҪźҲ
ϻҲ˹ֻ᱾ˣԪ´ڿʼ˭Ҳ𡣡
ʺһһɨˡеȻ⣬Ҳ˵ʲôˡ϶Ԫ˵ˡǻ˵ʲô

625ʧʧ裬Ҫɵ

檣ˡ
شЩ֮УˣˣʺҲ⡣˵
ڽǲԣ𱰣Ӧˣ˵ģҲв֮ô㷣ˣڹһ¡Ƕ˿л˵
ʺͷ۵ͷÿ밲ԪɶҪִһÿθɶ޻˵ȴÿζѧԡεãȻǸִȴǽܷ
֪˼лϳţȴԪɵĴ̶ⲻǻ
ʺͲˣžĸɣʱ˴
޻˵
Ȼﲻλݵô
ϾҪѡˡҪԪɻܲʲôʱ
Ҳ΢΢ЩʹɫֻܹԹԳϣҲûʲôʹͽʲô𣿲һطһ㣬һСһѡ
ʺ̻塣Ȼú˼
Żʺһڻʺʾԭλ
ŴҶҲһͬ˵˵
ʺԼĲ豭ϣתͷ˼ˡ
Щ¡Ҳ˵ˣǾǽѡ֮¡
ʺЩһڣɫ죬ȴûо֮ɫҲ˵ˡ
Ϻ̫£µףʱ򲻽ѡùͬźϣҵİѡЩźġ
ʺСȴܴ˵ĶС
ޱ飬ȴ׼үѡ޿κε¶ڵó裬ҲֹڶĹء
ˣҲɫ졣еأһĿϷı顣Щڴ˵ģҲмˣЩġ
ϵĵ⼸ˣ˺;ˡ
ԪദգȻܿóԪлϵġ
ѡ֮˭֪ϻ᲻ȥ谮ˡϾԹŵ飬仰Ҳ޵
ϣѡ¶ǳϢˡǻϣõЩãΪϿ֦ɢҶҲǼõġ
۾һתһﻰô˵˳
Ȼѡ˵Ҳʲô¶Ͼˣˮ۵ģ˭ںЩأ
ѡ㣬ȴܶĵԪɣȻ
ҪϼЩˮ۵С᲻Ԫһˣ
Ԫɲʧ裬˷һĳ谮ҲԸ⡣
Щ˵νǿԪˣԺвˡ
ɼĿһۡ
ȴޱĿﲻһЦװǰɣҪѡ֮Ԫﻹ᲻ᵭ
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ڵǰŸʲôѽ
ⲻԪɵŴ󰢸磬ʹġҪʧˣǴʹ󰢸磬ҪԿˣ
ɲ֪ǣ³ǵ׶Ϊֻǵĸ
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󰢸ʹǻӣĸҪ˵ģλóԿۡ
˫һУͻȻһ䣬в֮ɢ֮С
ƣʺ󡣾ĻʺҲǱһ
һ˲ĵսľͻȻһ뷨Ԫʧˣҿ˴󰢸ʹԪɾƴҲöԷù
ʺ֪һӶѣֵֵá
Ԫ˵Ķԣʹ󰢸ǻã˭ҿǱҲԲβܵġ
ʺҲ֪ô£˵ѡأôԪʧ裬󰢸ʹ񱻿ˡ
ʺ˵ǣҲǸô򣬳Ҳһ˵ѣԪӦòġ
ݸһЦͺ⻰ͬ࿪Цһ
ڸɵĽͣ൫Ҳûп˵ʲôǵͷԼǰĻ衣
ÿ밲ȻʺĲˮԺֻҪˣʺ󶼻׼һЩ裬ͨĻ衣ɲﶼһЩֻ軻źȡ
Ȼˣôʱѡʱ򡣻ҪԪһҪϲˣϱȻϲ
ʺҲֻǿ˵˵Ҫ˴ӦˣҲνԹѡ㣬̫󣬻ϣʺ󣬶ҪڳģǶҲν
ҲֻǶԹ۵ĶѡֻܲܲÿϺ̫òǲء

626Ҳ·ͷ

檵ûʲô¶ȥЩˮ۵Сǣ㲻ԼѡҲа
Ҫȥûòõģоûûϼǰһġ
мôζҪ⼸˽ֻҪܷԪɵĳ谮Ҳֵˡ
檿ԪɲҲȥƣϳ谮㣬ܿϵģ϶ȻҲϲ
˵ЩǲĵģҪԪۿѡġҲҪҲֻеһưѡ
ȻɳҪȥǲӦǲ̫á
ӲȲĶҲֻﵭ³˼֣ȻûнɵĻϡ
ǺǣŶǽöźϵģжΪ˻ϣԪɺ͸˺ͺãǸˡ
󣬻ʺҲֻ˵Щ滰Ը˰
ҿֻǳһʮ밲Ҫﷳܲˡ
뿪ҲΪһұ뿪һ뿪
ұ뿪ǶԸΪף߸ˣڣӦ
뿪Ϊס߶ˣˣչˣڣһ½Ӧ
ǲûдӳ߻ȥ԰ǰ·ƹţ֡
ֻһ·ƹ˴㹬Ӷչ˺½ӦҪ߲·
ҲΪλߣȻ˸ߡ
ãɢɢԱ԰·
չˣ½Ӧ뱾ͬ·Բűȥɣ
˳һֱԼȴ˵ˡ
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ˡ
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ʱ໹пһСѰ
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С˵̫ĸôģ
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ˣ
СѾеȤ˵
ѽ˾;ǲ֪𣿡
λе
ūŸ߸̫ø빬Ϊأʱô˵Ҳһλ
СѾ˵⣬ԺȴΪȻѾ߲ɲɴ
ʲôطǻʹ԰˵ϻǻʺ̫󣬻һЩʱͻô˵ǸǼҸл
һû빬ĸ񣬾λҲ·ͷ

627λ񲻴ദ

С˵ʲôأôλأ
ȻôڳԼѾߣǻ͸©һ˿ˡȻСѾ˵
ūſû˵ãť»ϲǴգүǳس̫Ǹ׹裬֮˭ܱȵϸءһλǴ´ࡣ
ԽԽ༸ڵͤҲԶˣҲ͹ǰĻԱܿˡ
СѾ˵ͷť»ɲ
ϵңǿɲһ޴տԱġ
ϣļҵĸ񰡣Сһλ
չȿڵģȥˣԼⰾô껹һˣôһûĸλˡⲻںݺݵĴ
չǲûСѾ˵ť»ϵĸǿ̫ĸҡɲܹȵġ
˵Ǻ˵ţֻ⻰ﻰⶼڷչ˱Ȳ˼һ
ɲҲһСԱҵģǱȲϡ
չҪ˵˵ģҲǲܵġʵòϡ
ȴһֱĬĬĲ˵ť»ϣֱӳƺ̫Ϊ裬ôеһˣͦġ
ǾǺй֮Եť»š֮ǰԼҵܵѡ޵ʱ򣬻ŸһͦĸŮӡ
ŸҲʮ߰ˣҪѡġĿǰʽٶһˣλǲܵġ
ΪԹûǸѡʱֱѡΪģҲһˣȻһ빬ɻġ
Ǳ׳ģǲпֱӷΪɻ
Ÿ󣬵ҲԽŹزɡ
ūʱ䲻ˣҪȥ̫밲أ
˶ſť»ҵǸʱͻȻСѾôһ䣬λҲӦˡתֱ뿪ˣڴĳûз
λԶˡ˻ܿһΣòȻȥġ
ť»ҵλأ
չΪԭҲ̫ť»ϣ֪ඨȻ֪Ϊܳĳ̶ȣϿ϶ͬ˵
չ˿ʴˣֲť»ҵģô֪λأ
üǲչ˵ôҪˣ˿ɲһߵġ
ǺǣҲǺ棬ȻҲ֪ôȵѡ֮գȻˡ
չȻ֪Ǹ뽫Ϣ߸ȥ˵ɾ֪ĸ񡣶ҸϢȻġ
ΪһԶԸԪɵ˳ˡ
ֶ̫Ůǿһźư
ͷҲˣûȥˡ
ͤͷӦʱҡһᵽʱеɹˡȥʡɹˣǿɾͲˣòײűô׵ġ
⻰˵꣬뿪ͤӣȻǸϣ½ӦҲûʲô¶չ˺װư͵ڡ
һۣ漴ҲһͬӰ֡
ֽΪ룬һǴ㹬ٹһǣ̸鹬
һߵʱչ˺½Ӧַ
޹ˣͲͬȥˡ
˵չˣλݸߣȻҪ˵ˡ
̧ͷŵҶͷҲ˵ֱӴ˼ߡ
ûˣųʵ
Ĳ֪ղŵλť»ҵλ񣿡
Ҳ˽ġͤһ˼ӣ϶֪ģֻǲͬչ˵ѣҲʡ
ֻʣˣԪġ
Ȼ껰֮©һĨ΢Ц
ǱµĲĻӦť»ګ׵ĵŮť»š
൭ȴÿһ˵ͷϡüͷ
ť»ţǸ߰Ÿ񣿡
ţǾǸ鷳Ϊ˵ť»Ը߰ԴԼҹĸǻ̫ǿ˭Ҳġ
ǽˣ׼ԪദʱûˣһԼıãһԼĳʱ˭˵ء
࿴׽εĵͷǸŸ
Ÿ֪ġʵǡʵǲ̫ദ
˱˵ʵᣬǻˣȴӲĸĳ˲̫ദ
Ҳ֪̫ദ빬֮ͶЩĪҪͻ
ǲŵģˣ㲻ҲƲʲô˵ġ

628׼ϲЦտ

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ȻҲ֪Լó⣿ԻǹԹĻŵŸɡ
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ţʱ̫Сһȥ
飬ȥ̸һˣתﾲˣ˵һȥʡľ˵ȵʱ䳤ˡ
ϦתԺ治Զ˵ġͷ֮󣬱תųŶȥ
İõĻˡ
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չ˵ꡣת˴㹬ȴûп½ӦҲų˴㹬
½Ӧվڴ㹬ſڣչ˳˴㹬֮תһֱ˴ţߵĳ֮ϡ
չ˵ķ򡣲ȥʺȥչˣ붫ĸߵýղ԰һ£½Ӧ룬֪չȥ˸ɵĳǬˡ
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˵չ˳˴㹬ֳ˴ţŽ̩ȥ
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չϵĸ΢΢΢Ц
Цȴ˸ɵۡ
չˣ˵ȫ˵к¶ͬ˵֪ǲá˵¶ˡô֪
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629£ֶ̫Ů

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üͷȴʲôҲû˵ֻǶչ˿
Ԫȥ԰һЩ¶
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˵ˡ״˵Ů̫밲˵Ӧþλˡ
ɵͷ⹬ĴС¶ٶյһϢֶ̫ŮȻᴫĹ
㵽˵ʲô
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Ī˵ľҪλйϵ
չ˰˸ɵĻ˵
λ԰˵ˡҪμѡġ
չ˻˵ݶˡΪҲһˣ˭֪ǶһơãȻ
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Ϳλֶ̫Ůǽˣ̫ݡôҲøһλ
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˵ȥأԭ뽫ǹʹȥԸܳԪɡ
ߣԴһ㶼ȻǹеȴԹеָơ
ЩΪʲôᱻǻҪԪɣŭ˻ϣ¸߰籵ĺ
̫Ҳͬ˵ˣ빬ԣ빬֮󣬲ҪԪӲӲҪųһЩ⣬Լ
ʱ̫ҲȲ̫أϿǷǳ谮ԪɵġױãҪˡ
Ŷڽɺչͬ˵ģҶ
һ¶ûзϡ
߰ɣǳظ׼
ŸԼѾС˳뿪ʹ

630ϵɱ

еʱĶϸӣ˵Ҫࡣ
յʱȻǴӦˣԵڶһ磬ϱ˳
ȴûгϾǶȴȥ˺θҲϵϵĸۡ
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θſѾվŮӣһʮ꣬һ긾Ů˱ϺĶŮ֪á
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ģԪܳƽķͺǻָ𣿡
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ܲ˵ƺƷ׵ܵܣȻΪ롣
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˵ĲˡظҲԪĵܵѽ϶ǻæġ
ȻҲֿϵĲԸ⣬ôҲǺμ̫̫Ըġ
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νʸֻ֦ʸ֦ĺǣԼҴѹơ
ϾԼ⻰˵ˣǽ㻹һĲԸΪԼΪԼĶӣֻʹֶˡ
Ҳ֪ҵĸֻǺеһ̻̫̫һʼҼүȡһټŮӡ
󣬸ԭȢҡΣǸظȢһеλĵޣôＸԺٺθô档
˵ű㿪ʼʵġóһɾӣԼ۽ǣǸڵᡣ
˵ⷬǸģϿǽģ֪ںľǽˡ
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Ȼһ˵֮ϵıȻˡ
ǽ㲻ãҪǵȥӻںθҲôġ
ϴûȥθһҲֻ˵ġǱʶΪμҶϲá

631ײ

ֽ㣬ֻû㣬޸˽򣬻˼гϢĶŮ˵ԪȻǽŮǶԴ±߶ļܵãǿǺõû˵
ֻǿҵֻ߽޸ɽһССԱһɽǸСط
͵͵شһԥϣ˵øˡ
ǺðɡһȥԪҲ֪᲻Ϊѣ
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ҲֻǸûĸ˶ѣ֪ײĹˣҲҪѲƤ

632ǽ̵̵

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Ȼﺦ£ȴģΪǰˤ֮ǸˣڵģҲû£ϾŮǹܳԪɲô
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Ҿû˿Ҳܣ֮ײ˲뿪Ǿǲԡ
ʵҲûôţôһϣβһһ۶ѡ

ȺУ˲Ȼ˷ԼĹŮɲΡΡվ
ǣ󵨣Ȼҳײˡ
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С̫Ҳ˵ףֻҪ¶˵

633ԪıþͿԲ

ﺣһҲһȷʵżҲһһѯʣֻС̫ߡ
֪ԪĶҲ֪԰أС̫˵԰˵ʱҲû룬㽫˴
ʱǣһûһš
ӣӣˡ
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634ͷ

ԭԪɵıðֲ⵨ô󣬳ײˣȻҲܳͷˡ
˵Ԫɵó裬ôùĹءҲܴˡ
Ԫûйϵǳ̵ܣҲԸܷ
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ҲֻһЦһԵʹɫ˻⣬ǰһһҲϵҸ첲ϴһԡ
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Ʋһ۱һĸŮһ֪û£Žǳһ¡
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637һż

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638߷

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639ؼҸϱ-

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640ֵү

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ү˵֮ǰѾվȵľ仰
ˇ壬ϺôҲίһ°ɣڿɲʱ

һߺе̫๬Ů׼ھ·̫뿪ʱѾ׼ˡ
󹬵˿ţϣүȥǽעҪһʧˡ
үǼͣſڵʱһūҲӼݣȻЩ˳ࡣ
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ȸүʰ
ɣʲôʱôˣ
үЦŷ࣬˵ʵڵģôүĪĲΪÿʱ򣬲Ż񣬳ƺΪϡ

641

ҽòһᣬүҲ̫ɨˡ
ôĸүȫѪûôүôй񣬳󳡺ϡ
ǣȻ˵үɨˡ
ү˵žҪһԱѾзһ㣬Ц次
үûһˡ
ĻүЦı欣ҿһۡף˳ң⡣
үȻỻһжԸ㡣
ү欵ЦУһ˿թ
Сһ죬ү⻰˵Ҳ̫Ŀŵ˰ɣⴲ֮¶õ˵
ǺǣҴˣҸү
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үûĵһۣȵ࣬漴Ҷȥ
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һүңԶ
裬ⶼǸոձүϳȥʱȥݵģҲ̫̣Ҳ
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үû˵ɲʲôͨܲµôԶ֪ϵĿĻġ
үĽͣཫŽɣүһֱߴ٣Ҳû룬˵
ĸһŮûŮҪʲôߣׯ󷽵ΪǸѡʺء
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үüҲû뵽֪֮֮ĿģǻġֻƽʱҲ̫Է֣Ҳûȫģš
ΪѡһŮͬ⡣
ҲүţϵҪ󲻹֣ôӦҲûϵĸ
һĽͣүҲһֱԡ
ȷʵȷʵ߯Ҫˡ
ү˵仰ʵڲˣҲֻ̽
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ҵȻӦˣֻҲûоֻܾӦѡŮҿ԰ôԸ⡣
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Ǻǣĸɺˡ
үݸһЦ豭ڵĺһڻ衣
޾ͺްɣô˺ޣҲںһ
൫Щνе㵣ϣԼҶСʱ߶ء
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£ǲμܵǵĻ£
үüǲģǹأеŮԽ𣬱Ҳûг
ҪȥԼסģǾƢƢҪȻȰס

642ѡ㿪ʼ1

ү᲻ͬġֻܴӦˡ
Уʱүָš
õүĻشԲˣ֪үСǲܾġ
¶Ҳ˵ˣҲˣɫҲˣҲþˡ
¼ŵĹգ޵ﴫ
һͣﴫү΢΢Ϣ
ˮ
ŵ꣬Ϧָ޵ŮϦˮңˮ
ȥʱүѾڴߣڴ汻ɴᣵסˣ˭ҲܿҲҿ
ϣˮˡ
ϦŮȥˣ裬߾ٹͷ¡
ԼĲ豭ɵүܹ
үֱӶһ²裬ûԼȺȣǶ˽û
࣬ѣȵˮ˯
үŴѾ۵ָͷ붯һµ࣬һЦԶˣүһַֻĲ£һֶ²裬ݵߡ
౾Ϳˣֻʵ̫ˣһүĻҲӦ
ֱߵʪдŷӦүιˮȡҲĴڴڵĺű²ˮ
Ĳˮ˵ףүŵķ࣬תɴᣡ
ȿ˵Ĳ豭ŵеȻԼǱүھͷŻȥˡתȥࡣ
࣬ҪҪϴϴ˯
үеǽһᣬ³Ƶġ
š
ӦүૣȴûҪѵ˼үΣˡ
ȥɡ
漴ڰ֣ˣôԶ֣ɣҲǵһˡ
֮ү۵Ҫȴ˯ֱ޵Ϣ˵ƣ󹬸һһϨ˵ơ
ĻʹַǷԴѡ֮´ȥԺ󡣸صŮǶӽʱ
ȵТڽҪѡŮղ£ЩŮʱʱ̶̿Ϊѡ׼
ΪֹйŮѾ빬ѡ
峯ѡ˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳѡ
Ůְ죬ÿյۺֻѡ죬ȻַΪɣ
ѡŮӴŽŵȺлĹԱ¼Ȼһ̫࣬š
Ҫǵۺĸӡûӡ
峯ѡһΡ峯ѡҪѡǴɹŹѡĿΪ˼ǿɹŹϵ˺ѡļʺС
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ɵϦΪӻøȥʱ򻹲֪Ǹӣأ
ϦԴǼӵƢø۸ǷǰᵣģڣֻĶԸԼӵˣ᲻ܵס
ӴѵĴһأ
ЦЦĿÿɷ
ӣȤūš
ôһ˵һƬѵǰôġڱӳЦ
ǺǣˡʱҲˣǹȥɣ
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үƻĵأǿɲܵү̫󶼵ȥҪôȥҪôȥ㡣
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װڶŽߣչ
Ȼ˴źܼ򵥣һܿóȻ򵥣¡
Ϊڶ̵Եʣ۰׵©˳ϴһ޽ıӡͬɱɫͨ͸һ֪ϵ֮
ൽ˵ʱ򣬳ǰʺ͸ɶѾˡ
֮ɫӣмȻүΣ߸СһģȻǸʺ̫ġ
ʺε±ߡڸڻʺ±ߡ
моŽ̨ס̨֮ϱǻʺ̨֮Ǹɡ

643ѡ2

ɶһѿŵӣȻǸġ
ЦЦⲽ߽
檸ʺ밲򸣽𰲡
೯λĻʺʰ
Ԫɣɣ̫ϾˣˣŮǸˮ۵ġػ̫Ȼ⡣
ʺЦ⣬ȫûоǸԼѡС檡оԼûʲôϵһ
ɲ檹ʱ򣬿ǿ˺üòġ
죬Цǽһ
Ůվڳ⣬ɹʱȻˡ
ʱҲЩŮΪԶûô塣
ϼݵ̫ݵ
ڸô˰ʱ⴫̫ĳ

檸̫밲ϼ飬̫Ｊ顣
΢΢ſɫ۷ү̫
ɣԪôҲˡ
үֱ̫ߵλӺתͷ࣬ȴֱӺһߵĸɡ
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ĵүӣҲˡûĵһۡ
ȻˣͺúÿɣҲиŮԪɾϲأ
үǵˡ죬үʲô˼һʱ²͸²͸ûϵһ᲻֪ˡ
ȻϺͻʶﶼˣôͿʼɣ
ʺʱүʱˣүͷ
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һֱڳſڵĻԱ״ʼߺһŮ
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үͷԱһӣ
̫ʯϸ֮Ůʯϣʮ
Ա䣬һŮվ˳
Ůʯϸϣ̫󣬻ʺ밲
үҡҡͷĹԱȡ
ӣͻ
ӾûѡϣԲŴͻ
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ˣûĻˡƺһ񣬲ȴϲΪǷŮһЩС
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಻ϲ˽һ鷳
үһֱע飬ŮվʱϾ©һҲϲı顣
Ȼ಻ϲôүȻѡ
Ӵͻ
ڴͼϣͬʧ˻ԭֻ˻ȥʱ򣬺ݺˤһӡ
һĻ಻ɵҡҡͷԣҿûбѡУɲǰװ׶һ
˹޸ޣҲǲġ
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˵ѡֻһʽʵͱ̫ڶˡ
үȴͬ⣬ҪΪʲôͬ⣬Ǿνıý֮װػѡ
үȻͬѡ㣬ЩѡŮԺҲֻǹһϺݶѣԺ޳谮
үҪҡͷʱһֱĬ̫ȿˡ
ϲӰɣ
ʶ
үһ̫ͬ˵ˣΪʲô̫ӲҪء
ϣ֪ʲôֻǰ֮УиŶѡ
̫˼ԣһҪţǻТ˳ôġ
ʶҪǼįԴʺȥҲԴԪɣǶɡ
үǲɿڣɲܵ˼һ
ɫףû뵽ߵⲽˡô״
ϣҪ˰ҵԸ𣿡
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Լ״ʺæֹ
ϣȻʶϲô檾ť»Ҳ޲ɡ
ʺǶΣգȰ˵ϵġ

644벻

Ȼڻʺ˵֮үƲһۡһа̫ණ
ŵĻʺڸҿ˵
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üȥˣҲû֪ۿʣŮˣҲʮ˶ѡ
Ů뿪Ҳ˵лһˡ
벻һˡ
Ժ̶ѧʿ֮Ů֪ãʮߡ
ŻԱ䣬಻˼ĿվĽŮӡ
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֪ҲʮˣѡˣĸԸôܲȥѡ㣬ֻ³ѡʱµ˲ٵӣú֪ߵһ
ԪɾμСô
ʱүʱ쳹ڶߡ
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Ӻүλ֮ʱĿʮү֮⣬ĻȦȦɱɱ
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ʺ΢Ц䣬ûΪ仰鷢κθı䡣
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ŻʺĻ䣬˵Ŀתмүϣĺ֪Ҳ͵͵̧ͷү
֪͡ϴαĸ״ŽһΪ˸֪صĻ£ѡ֮£Ǿ벻ѡҲνɣ
ϴξ˷Ǽ֮ͻȻʵЩ7Ҳͦõģ˼˶Ҫʰ˭˭͹
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ϣѡҪǱŻȥġ
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үֿһۡ൫ǵ٣ֻǴһģү£׼ݵĽһһΪûƵĿүһۡ
˵үҪҪҲڵ顣

645ѡ

үһۿģɵһ󷢽æҡҡͷ
֪ӣͻ
Աһֱעү̬ģмĴȻ˵
үһҡͷ֮󣬸æȡ
һֱڴĺ֪ò˼̧ͷүķ˹ȥ
Ϊԭ򣬽ɭֻһƬ谵ƲС
Ǻ֪ûǿˣǸ©һ˿΢Ц
ЦݲǰڲԺˡ
Ϊ֪һ֮ҲûˣԵߺү̫ȥ
̫Ҫԭ򣬾ΪţĿĴﵽˣô뿪Ҳ޷
̫ߺתŻʺ˵
ʣµ£ͻʺˣ޻ĵˡ
ү˵֮Ҳڿʺһֱ̨ۣףŴ֮ȥ
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ȻǶԻʺ˵ģȴû뿪沿
ڵʱ˵ڻ϶ˣȻҪӦӦԪɡ
ҲÿϧˣʵǻƲϡ˵ɼɻһãҪǸɾμѻôոòѡʱ򡣱ȻúȰȰϡȻԲ˸ɵ롣
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һ·϶ţôȰͷĲɵĸ󣬾νǣû

ǰ棬еðû˻Ӧ
ٽһûӦתͷˡ
˽һɻ಻붼֪ʲôЦһǽ
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ŵһѡŮť»ڡ֮ǵڶѡ㡣
ɲûڣΪȰүѡûȻôܻ˵ء
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һˣڲûڹǸظңȴʥּ١Ϊǵλݻûж

646һ

ϣүûзӣ˴ൽǬ幬
ȻƣƢľȥˣȻүȥǬ幬ô롣ү϶ʲôˣҪȻҲᴫȥԼ
ǰҲֹһȥǬ幬ȴûȥǰΪТڣһ뿪ˡ
ТڽûȥүȥҲֲȥǬ幬
ǻǣ߽Ǭ幬Ĵ֮С
ү顣
ϥүҲ⣬඼ǲġ
ˣɣ
үǰվָָһԴµɫ齡
࿴һүüͷȴûʲô¡
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㿴
үֻǴԱһ۵ݸ࣬Ȼɻ󣬵ֽӹ򿪣һһ
ⱾҲûдʲôѡŮŮ֮ǵƷԼš
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үһ˵ŲĻ໹ûзӦϸϸƷζү˵ʲôɵһ졣
үŬôˣһʲôҲûУ
һ˿ʧ䡣Тڽⶼ¹ȥˣÿ̫ҽͻ󹬵ƽһֱʲôûС
Ҳ֪ǲǰ³ǵʱӣǲѾˡһ뵽һɺҪǸɡҲˡ
үϵʧ䣬ͻȻ뵽൱̫֮ҽ˵ԺúҩӡΪӣѾˣټѲѾͿˡ
պУͱÿӡԴүָ֮󣬱㽫Щҩָˡ
ڻÿһѪಹ塣
ǾүŬŬŬȼ̥ҩһеġ
үΪ˲෢쳣Ծ͵Լ֪
ү˵ʲôأеȻСʲôŬŬġ
౻үôһ˵ˡ
ʱ仹磬ŻûðɣүȥŷϲԵʳô
ү֪ѹҲ֪ʳڣȻѹʳ
ҲãʱѾźùʳˡ
ͷӦүһӣš

647Ʒھ

ڶ켸ʥּĵŹȥϾǣֱȥ˾Ĵ
⼸ʥּȻǼŮλݺͷšʥּȴ˵֮⣬Ҳ֪
һȥһȥ˸츮ǵʥּСȥġ
ʱ׼ӵĳҪõĶƸ񣬻鷿
ˣƸ׼׵
ˣƸҲѾ׼׵
ϣָˣҺ첼ϲ֡
ãȥ鷿׼ô
Ц⣬Ǽҵһξٰϲ£ȻҪġ
ˣˣˡ
ܽһСˣվǰ˵Ҳ󣬵ǾԲС
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Т䣬ſڷһϸ
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СϺТΪӵϲء
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СӲµĲ¸ԪɶһھʺûУ˻ʺӣŸ츮һͬȥһʥּ
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СסǸȥϲƵġ
ТȻΪ˹Ű壬ʹͺͻ¸ǷֵĺġӲ¸ʹȴ˲١
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ӿ֪칬˵ϽʥּǸ˵ģͷΪƷھء
Ҳֻȥŷŵʱŷū˵ģΪŷڻϵĵǰ棬ĵϢŷ״ĵ

650˲ϣԵ

ŶƷھ
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ʲôʱ£ôҲ֪أ
ȥǬ幬Ҳûү°ôᵽһƷھ
˵ǽϵ£ĵȥ˰˵ʥּǸŮϵģһ˸츮һǸ
ȤҲæĻˣߵǰͷ࿪ʼ˵Ϣ
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˵⣬ס죬ƣĿҲơ
ܱߵĹŮǣɸ£ɨصɨأˮĽˮûʲô
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ϢŭҪǴȥϻΪԷ˵ķͲأ
һǵĿŭյĻʺ

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ϢŭñϢŭһûʺĸҾȻȲԪɵĸҡ
ʺĲ豭ֱˤڵϣֱ߲żϵһ˫ƿʺɨڵء
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ЩŮҲ£ǰЩӲŷֵģƽʱĻʺ󷽵ģٷƢǽȴ˻ʺŭһ棬ԲģЩ¡
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ֻһŭĻʺ󿴵ˡ
ʺվ۾ĶǸĹŮ

651ʺĴ

ǲҲñǲҲЩ¼һЦԪɣǲǣǲǣ
ʺߵǸŮǰϴŻףСŮһء
һץסСŮͷֱӸ
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СŮŵҪʺȥȴʺקţҲȥ
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ʺʱȫŮأŮŵĹڵϣʺĴѾͷ飬ٲڡ
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СŮ߿ޱġ
ʺ޵ĵСŮҲ֪ǲķˣץСŮͷ֣ʹһ˦СŮֱӱ˦Ĺڵˡ
ֱ߱ǻʺոմƵ˫ƿƬˤʱƸպôƬϻһСѪۡȴǺء
СŮʺҲͲٴһˣΪƳʹСŮʶʹһĻʺˡ
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İĸ˳֣һ߽ſڣƼŵĹŮԼǽ壬֪ʺ
ŵøæڵϣǻֲ֪ǣʺͷϣŪִ£ǲܵġ
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ţ޻ϺԪɡ
޻Ͻһʺûзƽʱһʮ岻Ҳûô޹
빬ŮӣûĸǲΪԼġʺΪеһŮȴܵĻʺǸϸģôͻΪȡҫҲøϵҫһֱȥ
񣬻ʺĸңΪԪɵĸҲھǿӣӦеھŸ
ôܲ޻ϣôܲԪɡ
Ǿٺ޻ϣô졣ǻϣô죬ֻǻϵĵޣܳΪʺû˻ϣʲôҲǡ
ԣĶӳΪһءǻ̫󣬵ʱǸҵҫ
ǻʺһ뵽һĶͷԺдΪ˸һαԼĶӡ
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ǿԣҲЩӽλóԼĶӡĶӣɶ˻λҲʧȥӡ

652ڻĻʺ

һ뵽ʺǺá
ֻĸӡԪе֡Ԫɷ˴ˣô󰢸ǲǻһĸأ
Ƕ磬ߡһǿԪɵġûԪɣҪʹȥһ̨ǿӲģλݸߵ
λݱһʺ󻹸ߵĻû˭ˣԵʱʺ££˱Ȼվһߡ
׶ˣҲ߶һūŶѡź˻һΣһλ磬ΪԼƵġ
ֻǻʺԸԸѣΪԺ·Ըˣʺ󻹲׾١
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İȻ˵ӣ˵ʲôʲôˡ
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ѾĻʺҲھᣬ١
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Һñ߶չ˸ֹˣǽɸùϵģµġ
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չ˵ĻתԸԵĹŮŮһģǰСڼˣ̫ΪѡĴŮ
ǰ̫ߵĴŮ̫󲻷Ž˹

653ס˳ǬҪĥ

빬Ҳˣô͸Ҳˡ
չ˸˵꣬鹬ĹҲչϡ治ɫչˣҲòɫ
˭˵žͱ˶ԷֱӾ֮⡣Ҳɫ
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ǿһˣ˸ͷͬ˵
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ҡҡͷеͳڣҪɴĥˡ
֪ͳɹģӿѱҪĥͳڣеѡ
˵Ǵ߽

654֪֪ˣܰսʤ

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ӣˡ
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ཫĿ߽ϡ
ӣūŴģλͳСϰ䣬е㹦ȻѱȴرЩУǷǵˡҪľǣƤӺƽʱô˵һڣǿǾˡ
˵ǽһüɫ裬ʱ˾뵽һǾһ¥棬һ̨֮ϣվһͷ׵ߡ
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ʶĵͷȻ̧ͷ
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˴˻һȴͷĬˣĳĬ˻е˼
ڹ֮ʱ¼С㣬Ҳʮһ꣬ʮһСŮͻȻһ֮ڣı˳¸˵˼롣
ҪôΪĳ¶ıˡҪǸһֱԼıԡ
ļƵġ죬˸ô˵Ҳ˵˼ɡ
ڣȷʵûӡ󡣼ʮҲûرڡҪӢšҪĬĬš
ǸĻģ϶ٹĬĬȥôӦӢ˰ɣ
˵˼ˣڲǸദģԺᵱĵҲҪĵźá
˵ͷʾ˵
λ͵شӦǺʹӦеƣ˵ǸΨΨŵŵʱҲϢĶŮ߶Ӵ⹬ԺҲûʲô
ΪȷϢ׼ȷʱȥӴ⹬ſվ˺һᡣȷ߶ûʲô֮Ż
ͷӦλ͵ģҲŲԹԵվϢĻӴ⹬ˡ
ںͬĶڣҲū˵ˡ˶ô˵һС
ЦЦҲǵġվٹ⡣õǴɤŶʵ
һˣūҲ֪һʲôԸ񡣲ūŴɸ빬ʱ򣬸ɺչ˹ȥ̽˶ſڣūűûйȥ±ˡ
˵һһ˵
ûɺ͸ɼ֮ĶԻ˲١
˵ͷǲ˵ģˣô˵һ˵Ҳ޷
ɵӣ֪㣬ǸôܹȥҪʲôⲻҲ֪Ϊȥ£ɶԸԼѡ
ŵǸͬ׽ɲ飬˸֮⡣ǿϸɵĴ硣
˵赭дӣȻȴɵ֪ûģⲻԶԶġ
ͷֻҪۺţһж˵
ӣ㿴ūŽķô
˵䣬Ѿͷ̺ˣͷʲôҲˡֻһһءǺ档
תȥͷĶһľǼ򵥵СѻͷȴͷϴһͷбŴģ͵һ˼һ֧һ߾ЩСۣһ֧ɫӡ
ֲԳͷﻹûء

655СӶ

ɰ繬ɻûйءɷǺÿ˶Ķѣοǻأ
д˾̾ôûͷŴأ
ūл˿ޣūҲһʱģʵˡ
е˼Ҳһʱ𣬾ŽͷбŴԤĻҪõ㡣
Ҳôᡣ
Ҳϡ档ͭա⡣
ϽȻԵߵ
Ϧ࣬ĵ˵ȴԱ߶½ǡת
Ҹ
Ϧüͷû˵ԼӱͺƯ
Ѿͷ㡣
ĶšʾôˣϦôѽ
Ů빬Ͽ϶ǻһ޵ģôϦô˵ѹ
͡వЦһѾͷĵҲ߯˰ɡȴʲôû˵
үǽϲᵽҲᵽȥҪĵޣҪǬ幬ޡ
ӻЦ϶ҪˣôЦó
ôһЦʱˡǻʵ۲̫༱ԣӲǻϣҲ̫ࡣ
ӦﲻŮ
ϹˡҲȥǾͰĵĸȥɡ
ûĵһۡѾͷǱ߻ˣʲô˵ȥĶһŮܹġ
ǻʺҲÿϵɫ¡
һô˵˲ɶҲˡԼӶ˵ϲȥĹǿ϶ͲȥôҲûҪˡ
漴ĵĸһתıĳ
Ѿͷءһ˲ĵ
ߺֹһǵһԵЦ
ĸãôĵūšҲĸãźôƵ
Ǻǣù˿Ц
Ǹã˳ҡ⹬Ҳô¼š
ȻүүϾǻϣҴµʱ䣬ԶԶʱ䡣
Ժ֮УûʲôĥʱĶִ磬еֻŴˣҲֻȥ԰ƶ
԰ڵ·۾ҵõ˵ĸû¶ʱྣЦƣ˵˵ﻰ
Ҫ˽Ͼ͵һŰɡóʱ䶼ûмˡһС·ȥ鷿һɡ
ԴӶٹ֮ȻŻ³
ʱˣϤ֮󣬱ˡ
ʱСûˡҪ˵ҪڵĶǿһյСӡ
ûûεֻ֪³ԳԺȺȣܲ
Ͷʹˡ
ҲûоܾΪҲһεˣԪҲ˵ˣϽϲᵽҲŵԪɺͻദ
ͷ˿߶ɫ컹ţʱѾˡ
󰢸ǲǶѾûˣ
תͷſڵϦ
ţūȥС¹ӡȥһͬ
Ϧ˵֮󣬱תȥС¹ˡ
ûãֵĹſڴ
һɲС쵰𣿾ɣŵ
һ񣬱үġȫûһеӡȵǰǼǸԹԾġ
ɣ˵ɤŶ´ֵ֡οǣȻɣŴֵģǴеƣǿǱԵĸֻ಻١
˵ͨ׵ǰһСŮǰһѵļСӡ

ԪԪ
һŮһԶһǸɣһСӶ硣
ţСڵ໳
ԪӺ㡣
СᶼԱȵǰ³ˣ³Сʱǽһ֣ˣۿžҪˣ忪ʼθߣ˲٣ȴġ
Ϊעǵʣƽʱش䡣ϲٵ˶һֱܺãҲ˷ðġ
˵磬ҲķݲΪˣ˻̫ҽ˵ǳá
˲Ҫ̫ģеСӾųţ

656ջҶүЦ

ԪҲˡ
һһ̵ԼҪһֱһκһСŮӣʵڱ
Ԫʱû㣬費˼롣˶ܳ뷹
˵Żָͷ
౻Ļͱ鶺ֲ֧С㣬˭˵Ĳ費˼ˣ⻰õ
ܵѣǳһ뷹أ
ĻɣĲˣһʱߺñԪǰ𴩣顣
ûѣʱʱѣӺԪ
һԵˣһҲԴףֻεЦЦûн̹ƨҲ֪˭ѧġ
Ҳһղ֡
ȻɣҲ䣬ǺͶ˭ˡ
ôǶڳ˹ЦֻһûЦǾ³
е㶪Ϊܵʵ̫ˣʵں̶Բϡ
ʻǶģ˵ԽǴˣԽߡ
ԣǶˣȴĶˡ
죬ʹ໳ꡣ
ҶҵĶҪ룬ȥȥ
ɣſǽ൱ԼƷˣ˭ܺ
Ԫҵģҵġ
ᵽǺ͸ɣִˣЦЦСӾСӣһҪҪһһ϶Ҳ
ﰲﰲ
ڸɣźͶִʱ³ǵĶֶ֮
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תͷԼСʵʵҲҪʣǿ϶ԸŵġΪʳǸС״ġÿóԡ
ԪʲôʱȥأӶӶˡ
е㼱ͣһҪȥ
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Сһţ֮˱ŶٹֻߵٹſڣĶԸŮ׼ˮӣ׼ԡأŻأ
ĵүʱȴûһʲôھ͸ʲô
ϣ·ˡ
վү棬˵
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ֶү̧ͷһ̫̫࣬үЦЦүĵĲˡ
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үǳ⡣̫ȻΪʲôǻϵĻʥּҲֻܽͷת񡣿ﻹ˵š
ϽҪĸСޡ
̫ĻүˣûĶ¶Ҫ
ûõĶ
үһŵ̫Ͻ˵ϣڵҲתͷȥֻܾġ

״ΣϻΪ˭һܲ͸ϵ˼
ô˵ǲҪȥҲȥ˵̫ܹûá
Ͻ촦֮ˣǬ幬ˣŹͷûȥɣ
˲ϵū̫ˣΪǸϲ˵ϲ˵ô֪ʲô˼أ
ǣǣǡūûãū¡
ŹҲһˣôһ˵Ҳ׹ˡЩոµͷƶͨ

657ɤŵĶ

ϣ鹬ٹǬ͹Ӵ⹬Եƻͨڿĵķ֪ϻϵȥĸ
Ǿ֤޵λпܺԪȽˡ
ȵ˴ϣĵϢϻǬ幬ϢȻЩޡ
Щôƽ⣬Ҳû취ϵԸɲܹŤתġ
˯˯ϢϢȥʺ밲Ȼ빬ǹЩıƶٻ֪ġ밲¶˵Բô򵥡Ҫ㾫
ڶһ磬൹˸硣̹û˴šǿɲ˯һþ˯ú硣ǱȻġ
첻ֹ½λҪȥ밲ЩҲҪȥȥʺҪȥ̫Ĵ
ӣͷɣǸͦƯġ
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ǵŴë߶ʱëһһģƯ
꽫һ֧ͷϣͬʱҲ˫ۡĴžԼ
ţְԽԽˡ
ǽ֧ͷΡֱбͷĵ㾦֮ʡ
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Ҷϱʮ׶ˣ˹Ȼ˵ޱġ

658̸ߵС

ʺͬıЦЦ泣ʲôҲû˵һԼλϡ
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ϱڣ˳ҲͷССģеǱߵŮӣһ˵ǹʧĸɸɾġ
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ڲǰݸ߹󣬲м˵ЩԹϲ˵
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ǺǣڵĨƵģ𵽱ȥˣȥǶԷŲʵ˿͸ڡ
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ͳڲŶ䣬ⲻɹģӻĴֵġôֱͬ˵һֱڳίûС
һߵİȴ˿ûڵĻһ
Բ𣬶Բ𡣡
ڱͳôһ˵6ʱ˼ˡûоԼɤŴ󰡣
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˹ͬǽãһͬźϣź̫ΪϿ֦ɢҶΪ忪֦ɢҶ
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659֦ɢҶ

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һֱԪްɣӾûһϢ
̫˵ţ۾ѾתƵĶϡ
ʶԼĶӡ

660һӲ

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662£

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ͱڣȻǸ׵ĵŮĸ»СŮһôҲһŮ
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665Ǻúһ

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Ҫ˵ڰɣ˶벻Ҳ벻ʵҲǴԽġ
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666ѵĳﲻðײá

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ʺһЦÿ󹬶ѡЩȥõϵǻûܳأ
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ʺȴʲôû˵Цӭˣֻǽյȭͷ֤ڵ顣
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668и˿

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Цһת뿪СصȺ

669ֺ׵Ǳ

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670˻ϵ۾

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672ίĵǸ

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ɣҪһ뵽˵Ǹúӣͷˡ
˵ˣҲֻǲẦµġһ룬źòãô˵磬ܵġ
һѹӡ
ȻɣǸƤͷʹĺӡһŵ㣬Ǿ潲⣬Ҳýȥġ
ǣǸŵˡ
ɣǲĵͷֻСֽȥ
һȥǸͲŵˡ
ЦЦɣŻġ
߰ο˸ɣţתȥοŤ³
õ𣿡
³Ҳ˵ֻǵͷͷ
ĸ³ǸССӺҪðݣòԣôӦýʲôǶԵʲôǴģһġ
֪³ǸĺӣһͨġҲ֪ԼպɣǲԵģǸ㵹үүƤģֱͭǽڡ
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ǶӴˣûСǵģҪã
³˵еίϾҲŲ꣬ﻹôһί
ô᲻ԼʲôһӡƫСǸӶԴĸܡԾίҲֻš
ⲻ뿴ġӶһͬʡƫĸСʱƫɣһ㡣ΪǸʱĸɣţʵ۵Ĳˡ
ɣָ٣ֻҪܴ̼Ͳʲô£ҲƫŮˡ
Ҫ𣬹û£ֻǹϲСӶѣõǸӦá
³ͷָв们ġ
˵Ļ³Ȼ˲١һߵĸɣţҲǰ
Բ磬ŴˣŲøĴŻ磬粻Ҫŵ
ɣŵͷ¸粻ԭԼ
ûǸ硣ͲӦö
ղ³˵Լ˵ʱ˵ίأ˵ĿĸԸ
һĻԸ⿴ġ
ˣˣôȥϽϢɣһȥ˾˵ϲǾ˾ҪŶ
СһСƨɣɣŻãľ˰ɡ³Ͳˣһۣô˵ҲһССӣĶôḡ컯֮ƨأ
ʲôôƨɾͲˣСʱǽǹϴġ
һС㣬ҷ
ߣߡ
³ٵһܻ࣬ԼĲŴ󺰡ߡĸɣš
ϣСӣͺһԸˡ
ЦЦȻô˵һ˼ûС˿ġ
λСӡ
Цһ˵
ʱҲˡӻǿȥϢɣǿҪľҪء
µľ࣬˯ֽжвѣҪҷƢϽȥ˯
֪ˣ֪ˣͻȥˡ
Ͳˣʲô߰˯ŻȥǿԼ˯Ű
ֻ˴ԴˡΪһմϴûһյĹѾȥܹԼˡ
ڶһ磬ȻˡΡʹɱˡֻϣһˣҪͷźá
һ׳ʿһȥı顣ҿലߵɴᣡ
Ŵƹ󺰵
ӣСүǳ׵ļʱˡ
һĲ˾

673Եߵ

³͸ɣŶˣҲֻεʼ磬ԼҶ˯ˣεùҲʹɱﵡ
һûأôʱ͹ˡ
һµӴȥŴô׵ġô⼪ʱ͹ء
ӣûˣҪ˯һ⼪ʱ͹ˡ
ըëӡæο
ոǾ仰˵ʱҲѵĲˡ갲οʱûĵ˺һۡ
ˣˣÿζŻңҿãҪͱųಡˡ
ว˸Լ࣬Ӵһױͭǰ
վڲżԵϦŵǽҪ·Ьӡ
౻ɵڳһֶֻķĴָ
ô𴲵ģҲһ˵ģ򲻸ҵġ
ױ°ɡСһﶼ𣿡
һˣֱӳȥΪϽľҲ̣ȥҲһʱɡ
󰢸ʹѾ߶ء
ǰһش
ͷȻǰڲˡ
ʱѾױˣǴĲˡ·ͷΡȴûдɫ֮ġΪһ졣ɲ˷ͷ
ϴһĵɫװͷϵͷҲǵɫΪЬһ˫յĻס
Եֳһࡣ
ӽѹȺҪƽҲôСĸܱȵϣ
ԽԽ󡣿ƤԽԽۣԽԽס
õĶ̫ҽԺȻҩĵƶɵģԼƵĤõۺͼ壬Ȼ޹Ƥ۵ģ˿ǵļһ
ƶ
Ҳ⼫˽Լƽô׸ǹ˵жд̡磬ǼԼԼĶˡ
ūſ˵ģүȻԵߵ
һЦϲԼġǶӲݶȥźá
˭ܽԵߵҪ
༸֣ſͻȻһ˳ſڵķȥһƵүô
򸣽𰲡
⣬ļȫսսĹڵϡ˵ܲٲܲپ͵˵ĻԻϵĻ
ǻϼƽſҲпܡȻүôСˡҲǿЦˡ
үʱôˣ
Ǻ棬үһ㵽Ҫô磬Ҫôϣûд
үⲻҪˣ㡣
үʵ᲻õġܸо˻ʹͺԼúԶԶĸоҲе㵣ġһŮ˴ӣܸоеȫ
ͣүֻǳһ죬ϾͻˣѵҲɣ
͵ЦôоүԺͲһ
Ϲ˵ʲôүⲻ㲻ʶȥŵ·𣿡
үޱ飬һֻۡ˺εĶ
ǣллүҴ·
Цܿү˵ȥȥŵ·ʶǱ±߳죬ѵ
ѾʰǾ;ɣȥء
үһۣ˵ͦ޵ġһ·Ǵûмഩ
һֻùЩˡ
ȷʵүԵߵ
ү䲻ðôһ仰±Ƶգգ۾һʱûŪү˵ʲô
ǵϹŵ˶øˣү
ʰʰ꣬ôȥأ
޵ɣſ񱼽ֱ˽үĻүһ˫ȣգȵĴ۾
Ӵ޵ĴƯ
үһѱɣţ󿴿ơԽԽϲԽԽۡ
лʰ佱ۺɫװùǰġ
ɣ˵үĻվڵתȦɼ·Ǽġ
ȻɣŵƤʹŮһϲۺɫ·鱦Ρ
޵ĸϲôĸ͡
үɣϲԼҲˣһ˾ϲʹ͡˴ˡ
ūŶлʹͣлʹ͡
е㾪δǰһүһ񣬶Ÿɣһ
Ӹʰ밲ʰʥ尲
Ϊɣһֱү³һֱûüү밲˿աæ밲

674ôûеĺ

ãã󰢸綮²١
Ȼүÿ춼ӣÿһÿһ
󰢸糤ˣ˹һҪչ˺á
үȻô˵ҲûָһСչһŮӺһСѾͷ
ֻ³һθжѡ
ǣӶȻչ˺öá
³ΪԼһССӺү񽻸ʱǳġ
ʱҲˣǸˡ
ǰһӵĽ̸顣ǿʱϾ͵ˣȥ˼ʱ
߰ɡ
үһȳϣںСһ˳Ųһ·ȥš
ɲСΪǴүʥּ󣬴ŵȻˡ
߶ŮˣСһһֺŮ;ˣټƽʱеĸŮʮˣк߶̧ӵĸ̫࣬һʮˡ
Ҳֻȥˣүһһʮ˱İȫ
ЩҲֻܿõġ￴أү˰ƶڰбӡ
Ӷү˻֣ţүվſڡֱǵӰתϽǡ
ȥ񸮶ֿʽ·Σ
һֱү䲻үðôһ仰
Ŷǡ
һʱûзӦ
ŶǻȻ
ǣǸæӦ
ֻӦ֮ŷӦϹ˵ֿʽ·Σû˵Ǹ˭ġ
еᡣòʻһأȥǾʡ
֪׼ĸСأ
ʳ仰ʱܸоֵֹġԪճ˹ϾҪСѣôôеĺĸо
ǸǸˡ޲Դߡ
үôһʣ˴Ŀڵǹֱԡ
ƨɾ˹ȥȻ˭˸·⣬˭
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үôһ׷ŴԴǸҲֱˡǼӳǸԪ⣬ܸ˭
׷һͨߣүҲˣҲˣǼݡ
ļһȳһյĸ棬ûӦƻϰߵġ
˵ʵڵģԪ촩·Ҳʵ̫ÿˡֲûء
¶һҪ׵ģ
ҡҡλεġһ͸ҡͷԷͣΪ磬ȻòУԾͿڳ˯һˡ
СģȻҲǵһγˣǵһνǵĽֵĽˡ
һ·ϣ˯ˡҲСһһԵ꣬ʲôʲôòóԣǺòóԣòãǸòÿ
ҲĵǻشһشСһĺġ
˵Сһﳤ˾ʱܣܡĸһ˶
˯һȵİȾ
һ·ҡҡλΣڵԶڵԼֵ
ˡοʹ˹ԪλСүĻ¡
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ɼеŮĴŮûŮŮҲ˵ŮֳŮǲܲμӵġԶͳһ˵ڵ޷ģǾ൱ǰŮˡ
Ԫﵽ
תֽǣ˵Ŀ֮УΪһ˻㱨г̣Լ˵ʱ˶ӭͬˡ
ͣſʱС¹ӱ͡
С¹䡣һҵСŮųһͬССкվԣ֡
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С¹ùĽŵʣһһڼϴŵĻΪգ߶䣬죬Ǻ

675裬Ӻ

΢Ԫ밲򸣽𰲣󰢸𰲣𰲡
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λˣ𣬱Ҳֻǻؼҿλض񡣡
Ц⣬˵űТϸǰȥ˸æÿ
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˵űһλݣȫǲø밲ġȻǻϵͬҲ˼ҵŮܵ
ʹʹá
ϸæࡣ
Ҳֻ΢΢һЦʹãȻǻϵҲǰŮܵġ
˵Żӿ˷֣ؾصһŽ
ಢûżߣǿԼԵСһ
游ĸ
游ĸ
СĸԽԽˡ
⡭
Т¸֪ôĺˡ
ﲻ⣬ǵҲܵ𡣡
΢΢һЦֻһĻúܶ˶ֲ̾˼Ԫɵó裬˼ôӣΪӹȴ̵Ĵ󷽵񣬻˼ҵó衣
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ТһƣͷȥССĳôûⳡأȻ棬ʱӦ࣬Ҫܵġھٺ棬Ҳֻܸࡣ
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ͷ˵䣬ѾҴһҪݸõĵطװεĿϲǷ
ТλأԾܾλĿһ˰ݸõĵطһѡ
תߵλλһλλȻ𣬶Сվһԡ
үˣĻεˡ
⼱ææܽһСˣԼš
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ɣҡҡ䣬ͲһӣôãѾ漣ˡ
౻ɣôһתͷȥɣţ˫ֺ۾
ðɣʵҲǳ棬ǰݣѾܳȥ
ðɣùôǳȥ˶࣬һҪùã֪𣿡
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ɣæӦΪЩڹＸ춼Ҫ˵
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ͷСһһ̵ˣæϡ
ӣһǿסģ
׼֣֣ϰĹŮϣĪøɣŴˡ
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³ܵʱûأýűӳ˻ΣȻڿ衣
ùãΪʲôҪ裿
汦ɣŲȻҪʣΪߵλùãùöˡ
⡭ūҲ֪
굽Ǳסˣûг׹Ҳһμ˳ס
λС֪ȥ»򸾶ĺ˼
겻֪վһˣֻƷܵͶѣҲʶɣţΪոʱû
ΪиɣСΪССĸɣŴװͷԶ϶Ӧļ޹ҵĺӡ
ԭˡ
һСͷȻۿ
ʱƺ͸ϣһΣмϵһ컨
ź컨һ߽˸ߣִһһ˵ˡ
뿪³ˣһȺڿеǹ
Ȼͬһһ̣ЩѾˣͲԸٿˣǵսƷȥˡ

˻ûأɣ˾ͷ˽
˺öǹ
ɣ˵ױƵǹȺϡҲ⣬ɣ·ͷ
ôǹ
ʱʳ
½εʱģԵСӶȻžô࣬Ķࡣ

676İ

࿴˿ԼȺϵǹڿ³տҲĻ֪Ϊʲôɣôˡ
һĲ

Цſ佱ĸ߶˵ſҲ̶
Ʒƺһ㿴λ࣬ǼǷǺóʱ䶼ûмˡںŮ죬У
ƽʱҲֻϺաһᵽգе֡׵ĴӣΪʲôСѾͷأ
ۿҪˣҲʣֻȥϸǰ
ȥҶôСã
ȻϴЦĵ׵Щǡ
˫ϥͷǡ㻺˳Ⱥǰλϵ϶ȥ
ܵǸ밲
Ʒƺ˴ⲽǰʰ
Ʒƺ񡣡
Тǳ⣬һŰˡһһǶǶǻϵôǾƷƺͲôƺˡ
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ܵǿ𣬽ǴϲӣΪ㣬ӦǳһƸġǽˣûȥӭס񽫾ͽƸλӱɡ
ʾС¹ӽӸ̧װľǸƸֻΪˣûиϡ
С¹ӵͷףȥһĸ̫С̧̫ӽˡ
С¹ӽ̧ǰȻԸС̫ཫӴ򿪡
λүǼ͸λ˵Ƹ񡣡
ƷһסôҲٽСүˡ
˵ĳƺҲҪģТ㱻Ϊ̫үϳΪϷˡ
ƷǴүôϾǴˡƺǶүϱǶˡ
Ӵ򿪵һ˲䣬ֱϹΧ˵۾Ϊ߶ȻװĶͬǿǼֵǡͷ·ɲȫһЩϵȲɵġ
һССӡˮͷõ䣬߶ǿôõĻɫġǹ
ҲûʲôõĶλƸˣЩǻʹ͵ġϣλӲҪźá
࿴Χ˵ɴ˵˫ĿЩΣҲ֪˼Ƹ߶ŵʲôǣҲֻǸ˵һЩΣƥ֮İɣ
ŽⷿЩõģҲôϲģװˡ
Χ˵ķӦѵǲӦ÷Щѵŵˣ
ѵǱⶫŵе٣
ɻĿ⿴ϣ˵̵ġ
ٲ٣лʹ͡
ȻӶźͷǵͷҲܿüŵ߶ĶҲһʱûзӦ
ڼ޹֮ǰѾյҵƸ񣬶ƸĶҲ
ҪЩȫֳǮĻ͵Щֵ͵һˡ
پͺòپͺá
εͷڵ麹¶ӡ
ٴδˡôණԪﻹ˵٣Ҫ˼˵ûʲôöֻЩôʲôǺöأ
ǹóĺôֲ˶빬˶ó衣
ҵӵĵǲʲôϣˡҲǻһŮȢСŮôҲܺ͹ԪϹϵ
˵ôҵǸСŮأ׸׵Ĵӡ
ӣոȥˣ˵Ǹλү֮ǰ
ص󣬸˵
ȥˡ
ȻЦƷԪˡüͷʾĲ
֪ƷƺתТʱüͷ
ô¶ѵ֪Ʒƺ𣿡
֪һֱǸµŮôҪôĲ˴塣
ӣūϷ˵ոȥҹҲȥˣӦÿ˰ɣ
˵أ㿴ſ͵͵ա
ȻΪ͵ȴЦݡ
̾һҲ˵տԵĲˡ
յһѾڹˡ
һأݸá
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ˣƺƷҹ֮󣬱ġ
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677ǹ

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ͬһТҲôġ
˲æūŽǷּ¶ġ
˱ּ¸һҽ컶ϲϲİϲ¶ּ£ǾǷϵ¶ˡ
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Тüͷʵ
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ڿʱ߼ߵǰ
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𣬲֪Ͻν£
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ЦһתТ򸾶ȥ
ŮʱҲˡʱûȥˡŮߺ󣬶ҪúչԼ塣
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ϵͷЩŮĻˡһһĽˣ¶Ҳˡ
һ˹
ʼգ඼ûĸһˡ˵Ҳͬˡ
ûʵĸˡĸ̵ŮԼĸ׶˼ң̵ĺӻʲôġ
Ҳ˵֪Ȣ˹϶ϵĵŮӹôͲ֪ˡ
϶Ϊ죬λҲ൱ĲǺμӦ䲻ϵġ಻ò£μҲǴĻӣ˼ͬµġ
Ҳ֡ȻǸҴĻȥףôҷʲôìܣôͲ¶ˡ
Ҳ֪֪غ϶ϻһȥ˵϶ҲһӵŮӡĸеæˡ
ں̶̵֪ļڣȻҲҵ˷ңûгװˡΪ֪Ҳűֵ׶ѡ
ͺ֮õĻ£ŵ¶ࡣзƷ»ĵճ޻ԡ
֪õĻµŵԣֻûʲôϵ
ⴺȥת۾͵ĩУүͳȥ乬֮;˺ü¡Ϊû¶̫ʺҲûȰ¶մ
ָӣûȡԽʹԲ԰Ͼǡ
ӣⶼˡôһζûǴȥŶûء
һҡη£ҡҡλεı۾硣
˵ûоүⶼûйˡҲûнȥţǸоͦġ
ҡҲҡˣҲˣֱ壬Ĭ˰Ρ
ȥС¹ӹժһЩӣŸ͹ȥ
Ȼϲô͹ȥϵڸʲôȻҪȥϣôȻܿȥʱԺĹӾó
Щӻ˵ĳִֺ죬ִ𣬻֭ˮر࣬óԵҧͷ
һҪժöءժĲʻóԡ
ʱүЩʲˡ
ͷתȥС¹ӣо໹ż
ජıӰεЦЦ߶⼸˰ҪǻϲˣӻҪż
ʱС¹Ѿһ˹Ҳ࿪ڡժ˺һĺӡ
Ȼѽǲժ˺öӡ
ôԼļˡлҲǶԼӲɡȻ֪裬үûˣҲż
ˣЩˡ
æֹС¹ӣҪȻ͸Ķժˡ
ǲŹ͸ûж٣ǻûأɲܶժˡ

679

С¹ȥժһ㣬Ǹɫ
ͻȻڻˣɿɲأһĶǶӺóʱء
ҪΪЩӱסء
͸Ĵ𣿡
ҲһʡȻҲˣϽʱ򣬶ɫӣˮ
ӱժЩô϶Ҫ͸ϵġ
ţˡͺһڡһ˸ͻظȥС¹ժһЩЩ͸ĹӸ͸ȥ
ԴԼϱɶһͬʡһʹʲôһ˿϶Ҳͬʹ͡
˵ȻϻˣһЩӡϲûУҲƫģͬһЩ͸Ĺӹȥ
ҲǸиġų׶ðӶˡ
˵е䡣үľҪɶһΣӾǲһֱҲûϢ
ҲûĵĿ̫ҽ̫ҽͬ˵һжã⻳е¶ֺͻỳ
ֻ಻֪ǣ̫ҽ뿪ͱүˡʻүȫ֪Ҳү̫ҽô˵ġ
ϻˡǸûлУĿɲֹһˣͬԼԺﰦ̾
ԸȽϿʣͬһĴɩˣǼٵġ
ˣſġүֻ˷⺢ӳеġ
޹ѾͷɿԼҷ˳̾ģ˵ϻˣעڴˣǶȴȱʲôҹﷴǼҷˡ
ôҲûӸպöϸϵģǺ˵ϼ䣬Ϊʵ̫ˣ˵һ仰
ǣү᲻᲻
õĸϣΪ¶һֱƲֵġ
żżûϱȽţҲûϵҪһͬģϻˣǸӻûжء
ⲻֹŮⲻ¶ǹϵ󷿶֮ǵ΢Ĺϵ
˵ҪҪүɼ檣
һţ˾׷룬ųû೤ˣΪԼûлУԲŸƺ檡
⻰Ǿˣŵգ۾
⻰ǴӴ˿˵Ҳ⣬⻰ǴӸϿ˵Ǿе㲻ˡ
˭Ҫ檡
ŵķţ˴ˣһ֥ʱӣֻǵĹâһ
˾ǸϿ˵ġүҲҶƺ
ү簲
æվŽƺʰ
ɣ칬Ԫӣһүˣ͹
ƺ߽ϣһƨڸԱߵԲϣ¸Ҳ¡
ΪвĻԼƽʱҲܼϼ棬˳ǰҲиģ֮˸罺ᡣ
ðɣɩУȻҪȥ󷿵ģʲôҲûУͲҪ˰ɣ
ҡҡͷһúõܲܺһиӰɣȻֵ˼ǮΪģô˼Ͳͬˡ
ʲô㣬ɩͣһЩӣ˵ǸɩθƢģͶɶأ͵Ŀɶ͸˵Ĺӡ
ү׵ܵܶûүͶ㣬ͷʹͣˡ
ƺȻϳζĺܣΪûлУѾǳˡ
ԴôֻԽԽⲻ뿴ġ
ΪүŻõġ
ϿǱƺˣ⼸ƲһɨաҲ˾Υ΢Цֱ˵ǵĸоá
²ѹ˰ɣԺŸүˣ֪𣿡
ƺûĹ˹θıӣΪոսĵʱû˵ʲô
ⶼ򵽸ˣҲҲ湻ġ
ⲻүҪ𣬶ҲûС
ϵͷһԼС
үҪҲҪĺӣģүϡ
ƺ𸻲ϵС˫ͨĸϣһЦֻЦ棬һ˿ͼЦݡ
ȻôҪӣǾΪŬڣΪŬŬ˵Ϣأ
ƺ˵һ§𸻲ϵĸϲ۾ͨ죬Ҳ˺Ρ
ūŲүͷˣūȥùȥ
ɫ죬ҲΪƺĻߺһƬ֪һҪæôվﰭˡ

680֪ǻСӸɵ¶

˵֮תȥˣΧϢˡ
ү⻹ǰ졣
Ϻ˵
꣡
ƺһĶȻһѱ𸻲Ͼ˴
ʱĵүأ
ǽȥŪˣү԰԰֮òڲʲôƺ͸߱йϵӦү׼׽߱ˡ
үҲˣ߱ƾȨƣ˭ҲˣǰҢļƣүҲֻ׽ˡ
ү㲻ȥҲɸһʡҹЩūǣʧ˵үȥˡ
಻ĵһүȫûоԼ⻰ΡΪеūſɲ
ǳϢūŶ㶮£֪үûȥܵүͲ֪ү߲үȥĹԴʧˡ
үܵİ֮󣬸ǲĻ˻ȥûмĴŮˡ
ⲻǷүֻ֤Ҷүġ
ཿһЦæ⡣
ϡ
Ҵææ˽
£
ү̧ͷһۡ
ػϡС̫ػ˵ǹ˵ĸϣ֪ԭεˡ
С̫ഫĻִһ顣Ȼ¶þŻϡԪô¾ͲǸС£ȫǰȫϽǵĶ֪ԪľǣҵЩֵܽǡ
⸻ϲ֪ģͻȻԪ϶
ôأǺúõġ
һȻˡ˺úõģôأʲô֮ġǸģôЩأ
Ȼĵϱ˸ѹϻԲѵʱൣҲеġ
Ī˹ȥ
үżģеζƽʱҲûôԼģΪһˡ⸱ģ
үٳζҲʱ
ллү
౻үԼԱߡ̤ʵһү˵˹ȥĲ١
ٹҽȾ߶ǿĶࡣ
ȥҽȥơ
ү޲ȻһĮĵ֪үںԲҽȥһ˵ġ
ͷȻ˳ĵ
࿴ɫԽԽǹȴûһϢ
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ĲС¹ӣ
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С¹һĵȸү밲
༱Ĺ˵ʰأæʵ
С¹ôˣ
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˵С¹ӣһҪǸʲô֢֮С¹ӾͲôˡ
Ȼ֪ϲʲô¶תүԱߡ
ӣ˵ǶΪ̥ŻԲѵģ̫ҽҲ˵ˣúһϣˡ
Щ̫һعʱģС¹һֱ̫ҽԺšһõϢĵر
̥˵ϻΪʲôᶯ̥
е죬ʱûʲôͼˡ
һŮ˼ҡҲҪʲô¶廨֮ġôᶯ̥أ
ѵƺǳСʲôͿ¶ϸģŶ̥
ҪˣǵҪúʰͿļһ
Ѿƺһĵıǩ
̫ҽ˵Ѿһ£Ϊһֱô׼û
Ҳ̫ҽʱ˵ġΪʲô̥С¹е˵ڡ
ţ
࿴С¹ԥԥӡ⡣ѵʲô鲻ɲɣ˵ƺǳС˺Ϳ¶
ڶ˶̥ΪʱͶүڷд֮£Ŷ̥
С¹ͷ͵ĸˡһū˵¶ʵеΪˡһӸǰ
žСӣҾ֪һɵĺ¶ľ֪º˰ɣֳ¶ˣ
žһһԵİϡ˰֪ˬԼˡһ֪Ůˡ
ǣⲻø϶̥֪ˣʵ̫ˡ
ġҲԼ
ү۵ֻΪӣ˵С֡
صĸͼǺθѹȥ

682ҷź

ôܲأ˾ֻԼɺЩŮˡߣ
Խ˵ԽȻ¶ûϡǵ۸ϵġ
˺ˣԲүĴ㲻糯үͽƺϳŴӣΣ
ү˻߷ּ١ƺֳЩ¶Ӱ첻ãȫҪͷģҪԸԸˡ
ȻһүҪŭ˲٣ô˵ƺСҲ׵ܵܣôۿүϵأ
ǵүæһдŻȥðúýѵѵĳСӡ
Тӣƺжٺùӳԡ
ȻүТǴ򣬿岻һԼҳĳ¹ԼɲֵȫǶ֪
ȻүͲˣҲĪҪӿʹá
үɻǵ̫ҽ˵ġҪòҪ̫ڻУүɲϣЩ¶Ӱ쵽ࡣ
ôأүˡ
ûĵүһҳžƽʱǵģСҲˡ
ôоԼ񱻹
ˣүЩ¶ɫҲˣүȥ
үΪ˶Ը߱󣬿ǽǰһµ¶һѹˣҡĹǿȾִҲһܳܵοܹ˵ĹŴˡ࿴ʵ۰Ҳû취ǵľǲү鷳
ҾͻȥˣүɲҪæ̫ˡ
Ҳû˵̫ĻֻүҪæ̫ΪٶĻҲԵò԰
š
үͷĿ뿪ĵ
ʱ
ƺһڣѾȾѩ׵ТһֻƤޡϵǵվһԣȴʲôû˵
һģѵ⼸ѧĶ𣬴Ӷ֮¡ĻϺԪﶼˡ
ТǸҲһŰˣôֻ֮аģƺš
ҪǸϲΪ̥ţô½Ҳˡ
֪
ƺһˣܵ⼸ӣͷ۵麹ֱȻĿ˻ûĸԼҪ׵ʱ򲻿ĵġ
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ȻԼˣôƺȥˣʱӦԼǰ
үȥˣ
εתͷѯһԽĺ
үү̫үȥˡ
ԼӦԼҷˡʵ˵ˡ
̫ү˵Ҳ˼ȡŷ磬Ҫҷá
úټͣһҷáҲˣΪԼүЩ¶ǸŰĹ֪ˡҪүҷá
ϱͨ죬ڱ԰סײײ˴Ÿöȥ
ôˣ
æȥſƺϵĸŶ̥ôأ
裬Ƕϱ¡ĪҪٳͷүˡ
ϳѪܵĺ󱳣˵Ǽٵġƺദĸ£϶ƺˡ
ȥϢ⻹̥أүû¶⼸Ҳүܵ˵ġĪҪүĶӿҲǱһ档
ƺȻô˵ǵǵĸϵӣ
ߡ
ҡҡͷԽǻеʱ鲨ԽǴҪƽϻûôĸԡ
꣬ˣ
ߵТűߣТǰ󵽡
ТôҲøǶҵĺأ
ǣǡߡ
Тģһѽϵı˵ϣתá
ϼ״˽
ˣˣƺȥ
ϼТˣʱһæӵվߵƺߡƺվһ߶Ǻ˷гá
ƷϽ߶š
޳ӭȥ
ƺôˣ
ƷĿƺһĸͬһ𳤴֮Ĺϵͬ˿ɱȡ
ø絣ˣû¡
ƺЦЦֻƤ֮ѡҩϢһҲû¶ˡ
û¶ãû¶ãȥϢɡ
Ʒ˵ÿ·øϺͺƺ뿪ˡ
һ·ϸϷƺĸ첲һַֻ

683ѧ

ִʪһƬ˸һ·߻ȥûͣ
ƺΣǰôûзָôأ
ֻʹһߺϣĪҪڿˡ
ڶһ磬С¹˲ٲƷȥ
ȻҲвٵĺҩģ඼뵽ƺ϶ҪƤ֮ࡣõĽҩ׼ˡ
ȻС¹ӻ󣬱ͬ˵ˡƺТ˺üӣǸ飬ŷƺȥ
֮еġȴʲôû˵ҲȷʵҪԶǳСӳԳԿࡣʡ´ٺ
һиǸ˵ĲˡôԼӾǲأһšڵáһû
ӣ͵ˣʺǹɻȱʲô
һֱĬšͻȻղŻʺѯʵġæ˵
ڣֵһˡ
ҡҡͷ⹬ʲôȱҪȱʲôĻүˡ
ūű˻˻ʺȥ
ͷҲʲôȱ
ֻѯʶѡ
⼸ӹĳģүҲûȥĵү
Ծ͹еˡڵˡʱһˡ
൹еڴڵĵһʱ˵첻죬˵
Ҳһһ۵¶îʱģΪǰʮ壬Ҫȥʺ밲̫밲
һʰ׵֮ԥҪı߶ߵʱ򣬱㿴¡֡
ϵѡ¡߶
밲򸣽𰲡
һ¡ŵʱ˱ǰһϥʰ
ɣ
ЦЦתķȥиϡ
֪ǰͦġ
˳һû˵˵ġ
Ҫ˵㵽ǺеһƴϢͨĲˡ
ŶȻͷȥˣǰ֮϶֪һ㣬޷ǾǸ߱ү֮
ǣ¿Ѿ˺󹬡Ҿ֪үռϷ硣߱Ҳֻǿ֧Ŷѡ
˻ĪҪʹΪáǰ֮¡Ǻ֮ἰġ
ಢǹˣΪЩǷǶ˽ȥ
ǣʧ
˱ôæѣæ
ڣǻǿȥʺ밲ɡ
ЦЦҲûж˵ˣΪ֪Ǹģһͨ֡
һ·Ҳûǰ֮¡ǾͺЩëƤС¶ĵĲֺ
Щûүĳ谮㿴Ҳ˳ۣҿ㲻˳ۣ˶ٶҶ˶ٶΪЩ֡
ʺҲȥүҲȥҪȻʹǵñ˲ɡ
ۿ͵ˡһģʺҲˡ
ʺû˵ʲôǾôһûӵģʱ¶
ԪԽԽˣʮ壬ԪɶûʺǴҵһˡ
µĳɣҲûˣΪ˲Ұ
൹ûɣûӵġ
ߵʺǰϥ
檸ʺ밲ʺ򸣽𰲡
ʺϹЦݣϲŭֻǻӻ¡
ɼ಻ԼҲеҲ˳е¡һֱıİꡣ
Ծֻһ˭֪˼
ϣԪﰢڻǰͲǽ÷ˡ
⻰˵ģܲ¶ôԪɸռˡ
гϢĵܵܣҲĻáڹʢ費˥ܲۺ죿ܲ
ǲɵġоԼҪǲһɣͲ֪ôΪԼ徻ĺá
Ƹ⻰˵ģߴ˲Ҳڻǰô˵أ
ཫӱؽȻһԵĻ裬ᣬȴûкȥ
ǰûʺûʲô⣬ҲԻʺʲô֮ġ
òˣ⼸ûʺĵԽԽˡȻӱϿǾƾʺǼ¶öѾˡ
ɼǵãĸǷúأôô˵أҲѧŸѡ
žһ豭ŵ˰ϣĿϷʵؿɡ

684Ƹ˵ģ񱾹Ƶ

㣬㡭㲻Ҫ⣬ҪΪʱ˱İ꣬ôʥһּݺ
ǸԴǰ֮´֮󣬹̫๬ŮǬԶԶġһ
ǰͥУͥ䣬չôĲøһʱܲˡ
Ƹ˵ģ񱾹ʲôʱһ
ôôǷ⣿˵ˬ
ȥɵġǸȣʲô걻ݺ˭ݺˣ˼Զ˵Тݺ˸߱ôرһ¶ԲԼ
ʺԪ⻰ʵڴ檵ǲ󹬵Ĺط
ɶࡣûԼлʺһˡҪͲԪɸͬʺô˵
ôһ˵һʺǽ£ȥôһԸˣ
ʺ󱻸ôһ󣬶ʱɫԪɲ֪һ
ôС¶ȻҪôѵҪԪɳȥ򲻳ɣȥ졣
ÿ밲Ҫ˵ȥģдڹÿ˽¡ʾͷ
ʺɲ˸ɵ⣬ȥͷԪɣһͷô˭Ҳû˵
ֻҪԪһڸ붼ûĿǰʽѾûˡ
߱עµģһˣһȻˡ
ҲһôһɶԸ࣬һãһγλݺøߵġ˲Ϊ塣
е⣬û뵽ʺΪôһ½㣬Ҳˣǵһα㰡
ʺ¶
˸Ҫ飬ȴֹˡ
췣
൭ʺУûʺĪЩ顣
ĺܼ򵥣ʺȻͬսˣôӦսǶԲʺθԸܷǱǰʺֻ֮ǵˣͬ͸һ
Ԫ購檵ģ
ɶԻʺǲ⣬ףʺǺվһġôᷴһˡ
ˣɣͷԪɶ췣ˡͣһɣ
ʺ󾯸Ŀһ۸ɣҪʱ¡
Ҫĸɿɲʺľ棬ĸɣĸϣҪڹȥôֻ˱ϢڻʺӰ֮¡
ȻҶˣһȥ̫ȥɣ
ʺŬĲȥ࣬Լֵƽһ㣬ΪԪɲǰЩŮˣ޴ûӣԪɾһֱݷϻˣɱǾˡ
Իʺȥ밲⡣ҽһһȵѽڡЩСȻҲҪȥġ
ǡ
ŻʺŴȥ
ȥûгʲô粨̫ҲûоᣬһҪȰү¶մ
е˼Ȼղжô飬ǺôҲʺֱ൱͸ˣǡ
ҲֵУҪ̫үء
¥ɻסһλ̫ء˭ȥҲûȥ˿׹ֶ
Ҫ˵̫Ҳ֣͸ˣȻˡ˵Ȼ屧ܵſϲµġ
Ҳд˵̫ΪӦ̫ŰĻš
̫û̫ѡˡȻ˶ǹԷ
ѽڣҲþûôˣͬǹڣǿҪƯЩĪĸ
̫ĻԼ˼˳
ôһôо̫¥أʹЩǴƯƯģȻӿ͡
ɲǹô̫ġ
˵󹬿ɲһ¥Щɲ¥ĹǣÿĻ֦չģүϣȻһ
¥ҲֻΪүһ˶ѡ;үһɳֻֻѾȥĹˡ
ʶ˵ǣЩΣһǶȥǽϹˡ
Ӧ̫Ȼǻʺ󣬶ȻʺӦ̫Ŀˡ
ţǻʺй֮ףȻ̫ءҼǵãһһ֧ǻģ񰧼Ҳòˣʺȥɣ
̫˵ţƱѾڣûþóһεľӣľ滹һЩͼҪľӾȻľƳɵġ

685ʺöǶ

͹⿴ӵΣ֪ĶƷ
ʺҲеĶ˭ƯأǾΪǻʺ󣬾͵ñֵĸ֡
лʶʹͣʹˣʲ˷ˡ
ʺ΢ЦžܾȻϲҲչֻʺȵʱһΣ£̫ģ
ܾԣ뽫ﾡã̫˭ôҪ˭
ʶｫЩ͸ãƯǽۿ˵ʱ򣬳룬ǻϼˣȻҲҪĿá
Ȼڻʺ˵̫֮©ЦݣʺĴȣʺ˵Ŀˡ
ʺ˿ݴȣǵĸ
ɲǸ뵱꣬ȵ֮ʱ٣мٵóܻ֮ţм֮ºӵġ
Щǻʺֱĸʺ󣬲ûжЩ֣Щû̹޵ᡣ
Ҳֻ̫˵Ŀѡ
̫˵ǡ
˵ͷǣҲ⣬ͷ֮ǹһĨЦ밲ԽԽû˼ˡ
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ʺŰɣ檲ȱΣ̫ƽʱûϴγλΡ
Իʺĺ⣬ɲ顣ȻԸͬʺվһսϡɲʹͺЩСһհ
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̫󡣿Ƿǳϲ󰢸ģǻʺԸ⿴ġ
ʺ˵ǣ£̫ʵȤúܡԴٳһ̫ͬơ
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չ֪ɾûкӹԪɣǿ˻ʺǱߣѵʺΪһӶϵĳ
Щ¶ϣչ˿ǿһҪһˡ
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һǻϵ׶һǻϵĵޣһǻϵĳǸվ¶
ȻԪǲģ侮ʯˣôܻأ
оǻʺˣʺΪǴɵġ
޷Ǿøɵİ겻¶ڹûô
ôοأûǿӲĸңûлϵĳ谮ûáԻʺһġ
չ˾վ̫߶ĺãϾ̫ǻϵ׶̫һ仰йİ
չҲԼݡһССĹˡĴŶ˵ء㻹̺̫ˣ
ɱһ̫Բ˵ˡ˵ˡ
أǰһֱԼŵչˣھȻȥ̫Ĵȡ
ҪΪʲô֪չҲǸƤӡûϣˣһ߿ҲǺ۸ģȻչ⡣
˵ǣˣſΪ̫ǵġ
չίίģ˻ص֮󡣱չ˳þ͸һһرʡһίģȻŮ
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̫Ҳû˵ֻɫرѿһԱߵİϣҲ֪ŭ˸ɻŭչˡ
ʺ״æԲ
ʲôģǶǻϵ̫ҲȻģǻʶλɡ
ʺҲǸῴɫ¶ġҪȻҲ˻ʺλá
ԪɹûչʶˣлҪԪչˣҪƽʱźϡȻûչźʶˡ
ʺ⻰ġ̫֪ǳֳ
ӡҲˣҪչˡ

686Ҫȥݺݴʺ

˻ʺĻʲôû˵˵ˣ˵ʲô
ѵ˵ӲҪչˣϲҪź
ⲻĳ˵ĵ𣿲Ҫչ˺ӿѽӸչţҪźϣǿѽźϰ
ֲɵ̫󶼲ˣҲ⣬̫ٲһ
үү뷨뿴޸ү̫ǻʺûҪǵ뷨
밲͵ɣʱҲˣǶȥɣ
̫߸˵˵šԽ˵ԽԽϲ罫˶ߵˣʡ˸徲
檣˰
˶ŵĻʺ̫࣬˰񣬱㹪˳˴
һž˺뿪ˡԻʺ˰ûС˼һʺˡҲûҪ˼˰
ơԪɻûн檿Ԫɾ͸ý²źá
ŭָıӰǸ㲻סʺôģѵʺĺ˵һҪ
УôԴС
ǰôλҪȵȵҪΪʹء
ʺ˸˵ĪĶıӰȴδһֶ
תһȥ
Ԫ֪Լ뷨֪ôѵûϷϺ󲻳ɣ
Ϻ󣬻Ҳûɣûʼ֮¡һеӻӡ
ϲЩִҪôǰЩҲͬġ
ϺС¶ҪǰһڴͬⷽɷϺ
ԻǲܷϺġֻҪϻǻʺ󣬻סôһлδ֪
ʾ˹ſڷֿˣһԣޱĻ
ֵĹŮ̫һĪǼô⸱أ
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ΪߵıȽϿ죬ֱӽ߶ŽĴš
ЩСŮС̫಻ѯֻ࣬ܽĿϡ
⡭ǡѽҲ˵壬ֻ֪ˡ
ѽѽģҲ֪ô˵Ҳ˵塣ԾͲ˵ˣǼӿ϶˾Ͷˡ
Ϊ˭ˣѵǺЩӦѵ֪Ͽر谮Ǽӵ𣿡
һСŮǰЩ˶ƽʱȽ׽ġ£һЩر˽ܵ¶ЩŮ̫ࡣƽʱµЩŮ̫Ҳ֪
һģǺĺء˭ôǼӡȫᵣǼӻԼӡ
ΪǼӴǲԿֻ˳Կ
ܵ˵Ҳ˵塣ӱʺ﷣˽¡¶Ϊɣ

׼٩٩̸ʱﴫŭһҪ
ӺأҲͬ˵ˡ
˵㼱ææĶЩСŮȥ
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һȥһĬϣԱ߶վꡣ
ֲ꣬ࡣ
ôˣΪûиϼɡ
ϢŭϢŭūžǣ߶˵ôССһ
˵ŻãĴָ˱СĴָʾԼֻǵһѡ
ӲΪ˵һС˰ɡ
Ϊ۶ôСΪ˵һ𣿡
ûĵһۡ¶ɡ
ô˵վȴ죬۶ɲǸһ
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Ҳֻ죬Ͽɲô˵
ҽȥ¹ЬӶó
ϲڽ̩ôҾҪúʰʰδʮִˡβʱǺúÿһ
˵⻰ʱûһ£ƽʱԼһ㣬ǹ˼Żʺӡ
ΪЩ·ѽεĲѽǺͻʺõһġ
һľ·ϵЩƣ˵ѽĵЩֻʺſԴ
أȻͻʺ˺ôҲҪ˼ôˣү͵ġ
ȥݺݵشʺޡŵĲ´Ьġ
ūȥҡ
һô˵ɸˡ˵ǼӳôƯΪʲôЩ·ҲǿϧˣҪﾡòŶ

687벻ɣһ

ӻõŰɣ
ۿŶʱˣȥ밲ʱŶûãŵĺá
šҵȻҪţȥš
һԵı˾ҲֻгԲޣЩͨͨԽ
ǡ
ͷȥš
໯ΪʳǱ߳ǬȴĻǵôεĴ
ͿԹžûгܶùģǽȫҵڵϡ
Ȼ˵ү˸߱󣬿Ϊ߱Ůô᲻֪Լ뷨ء
ô˵ҲֻǸԼһڡص˳ǬﶼԼˣ˵Ҳڼɻʲô
ѵûѵ֪ڹʲô㿴⹬˭ǳˮˣ˼ᡣ
˵Ѿۿ˵ѹǼٵģǾѹҲù
أΪôġ
߲֪ԼôοǸſϿ޵һͿӡ
С̸ϣС󣬻ûмĹ
ֻôܰοϡ
Ϊң㿴ڹΣΪΪԼΪνĸ߼Ұɣ
ɴ̧ͷΪᣬױݶˣһһ׵ģǿЦ
ȴЦˣˣôԼױݷ̣ȴҲܲˡ
ΪԪǰøĸ㿴˼ңƴİԪɡأ߼ҰʲôԴ˸Լȡġ
ʱĸǺ޸߱ġ˼Ů治ТĴܰҪһ
һεҲ˲ģ
ΪᱻϵĻ׻ˣֽһһժĶڵϡ
ģӻġ
εĶڵϣ˵ĻһһЩȻõġԼЩõһˣô˹ֿϧġ
ӣﻹӰ»ϴ˸߼ңһôõľˡ
ЩأԼƽʱûԪɣô谮϶Ǽ˵ĻŹԼġ
ҪѵҪȥǼ˲ɣ
أ
һ˼ӡôһ˵ʱеϣˣΪ֪߸ô˵ô϶ͻа취
ʲô취
ֱӣһڵϼ񻤼׵ߡ
ǲǵãǱ׵ʱ򣬷һҩ衣
ߣԽ׷ϣĿŸɡǰʱʰϵκʱֵġ
ڹ۶ãٺʲˡ
ҩ裬ʲôҩ裬ôǵأ
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Ҳϵ벻Էſ˸Լ֣תױ̨ȥ
ɵĿߵӰױϣֻϵЩС߶ҡ
ӦûҵȻֶڳһҡóһķ֮һСľС
Сľߵǰ˵ǰЩˡôܲأ
뿴
ߴСӣһźɫСҩ衣
ҩǰꣿյһĻĻͷ
ˣźǶ͸ҵģʲôҪǰɣ
֣ѾЩİˣϾѾǰˡ
ʲôã
ɹ˲Լģҩɻʵ
ū˵ҩӷ֮󣬽ʱŮͬȻʹŮСŮӷЧҲеģЧ󡣡
߶ЩҩĿǶϤЩԲű߷ɸϡ
Ǳˡô˭ҲñôǱ»ӣô˻ˡĸƾӹ󡣡
ɲŵĶССҩ衣û뵽޾֮·춼þŸһλᡣ
ҩˣ᲻ûˡ
˹ǵǣҩѾˣ֪˶أ
Īģҩʮ֮ڶЧġûҲֻбһˡ
˵еѾû·ˡֻܷһˣ벻ɾͿһˡ
֪ˣҩôϳȥҲ֪ԱȥĶҾˣҲһ谮ġ
˵⣬ɾ͸йһղŻĻϲʹͷɥˡ

688֪ûЧ

ﲻ
߶ôûϷҩҲͷֻۣһˡ
Ϊ©ſڸɶߣԼĴ˵ͷɥĸɡᾹȻ˼ѪƵģԾԾˡ
ţţţʱ˽ĻϴǬ߱ͻżô±ˡ
ֱͷ޲ȥԡ
֪ˣȥЩƱϣֻҪ°ɹٲЩ֮
ɿɲںЩǮ֮ĶֻҪܳɹеǮȥҲ⡣
ֻҪɹˣٵӣҪûɹЩҲûá
ūˣӺϢūȥȥͻ
˺һ˸һת뿪ˡ
ɲ֪ȥ˭վܿϵģֻһˡ
̫ѾɽȻ׼úõװһôľױˡ
սƽʱôɫɫ죬ֺķϵɫɫͻʺײȴûʺʧӡ
ҪϣǾɫ㲻ɫΪľ³ײ˻ʺ󣬿첻¡
˵£Ϊ֮
ͷϴŵһ׵ĵ̥ӡһ׿ɷǳټģƽһֻķˣοһ׵ġ
ڼ϶ϵһ׹ǼֱһŻƶķ˵ĸо
εױԼģӵִ࣬ǻױɲЩŴġ
ִĻױԣǱ˿ΪأͲŲѹȺ
ԭӻửü⻭ü䣬ԡҪǣūôӵ۾أ
˺üȦ߹߹ȥôƽʱӣֱˣһųһܵ˵ֻĸоõ㡣
ɱСǼӣһ˶أ
üëڹŴİֻãûвˡ
ĻҲֻǱ죬Ǽӻǲ٣ȴ϶ֻ֣һֱʾǼӡ
أ
෢֮󣬻ûСһأҪȥ̩ţһʱӦѾѧ˰
ӣոĵСӹ˵ϴŴ󰢸磬磬һĵȻһȥ̩
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ˣ֪ˣڣҵֵС
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Ϧֻͬ
ʱĽ̩ƻͨȫԲĽաû󳼣еֻүүֵǡ
̩ңһүĺǣҵһүֵܼǡ
үҲֵֻܣһүһֻ꾡үࡣ
һ·ϵûˡֻΪĲ磬ˣֻүͻʺһ
֮࣬˾޵ĵĿߵǰߵλϴݵ¡
ϼݵʺݵ
ƨɸϵӣʹһ̫мϸɤ˸첲˲ټƤ
ʥ尲ʺ򸣽𰲡
ӵһߣſڵķϥ񣬶ȻҲһģһơ
ɣǼ硣ؿ
ү˵䣬Ŀ࣬ߵԵĻʺ󶼲үүĿ⿴˹ȥŷһϺɫװࡣ
Ԫɴôһʲô˼ѵֳ֪ϣͲӦôɫͻʺײˡ
أ˼ҴĹ󣬾˲֪Ƶġ
ʺ˫ֲ֪ǲΪˣһ˫ֲ֪ˡ
ǻʺȻˣԼﻹİ磬ôһʹ߬ȭİʱʹһ
ʶ
˵ĿⶼİʹȥˡʺȻ⡣
ûûˡ
ʺæİ磬үҲֻǵĿһİ磬İүߣһԵֳԲ˿ĺӣԺôܳɴ¡үͽİ޳ˡ
ߵ̩λϣүֱϡʺߡ

689ԪɻԪ

˶֮үһֱĿ¶޵Ŀ࣬Ҫڵʱȴʺȡ
ԪѣôûмƯƯֻԪɲϴе㲻𣿡
ʺڶ˲İˣ֮ͽ֣ԼҪǲ˵ʲôĻڳˣǻʺ˰ɣ
ʺûз֣үѾɱˡȻԹԵ˵Ż
檲ûоôĲʰ
Цŵͷ˿Լѣ󻹽Ӿ˶
˿ɫ쳣ĻʺһЦԪɣҲ˵ʣҲ˵ʡ
ԪϴɫͷϵͷȷʵôʺϡôΣӦǻʺӵеġ
أԪϵ·ȴûгλĹƣҲûԽ
Ҳ΢Ĺϵ֮Уһ̻ζԪԻʺˡ
ʺǾó·ɫÿǾĻƻǾóͷϵķΣĲʺأ
ÿ˵һָһ˵ͷϵķεʱָһԼĵ䷢ڡ
޾ãԪƽﴩЩǺá
ЩүǰЩӸðģȻǾüõġమүȻԸ⽫ƯƯ
˵ǣǻʹͳ檵ģȻãֻǾó檴Ųãǳ檲Ҳա
ຬߴӵүһۡתͷĿһԵĻʺ
үһ˸ţ»ʺСŮˡԲôҪĳϲʺӡ
Լıκ˶۸࣬ǻʺҲС
Ըúøʺһԡ
𣿻ʺǾ޵ʹͲãǾ޵۹ⲻã
үʵĿŻʺһʵʺסˡܲ˵ϵʹͲãҲ˵ϵ۹ⲻá
ֻưͳԻпԡ
˵ĻϵʹȻǼõġ
ʺεЦЦе顣
ֻǳ檾ãԪɲ̫ʺֺɫҺɫһλϲſԴġⲻǵ߶˵ԪԽųѡ
ʺǻʺ⻰һ˵ζͱˡǲϲԪɴɫôһ˵ΪԪɴ롣
ʵҲûй涨һλϲܴɫֻǴҶôҲϰˡ
ǰ۵ļʺɫŸԵƤϸ
Ȼʺ󴦴ΪԪ룬ôޱŽõӣԪΪԪڲѡھС
ү˾Ҫˣʺ಻ܹģȻʺ˵ֻλϲſԴôΪ
ү˻һǾˣʺ֪ó裬ָտɴֻû뵽Ȼô졣
쵽ԪɵĶʲôûأͳԪ
ⲻ̫ðɣ֪ԪĻϲǳ֮£βԪ˺ϢּԪҲʱҲԶµסڿڡ
Ҫ˵ϣλݵıҪʺˣһλѶԸˣҪǳϼѣ
ԻʺҪȰүʱͷ
λ£ү˺þúþáΪϴλеҲ֪ʱУѵһֱôѹλֲɣ
˵Ѳܣ͹ȥ
үͽŽʺ¶һˡ
ΪʲôҪ߶˵ڿڣѵҪһӻҪ߶ͬⲻɣ
ү𽥱䣬ֲҪԻʺʺҲԽԽ֪ˣҲԽԽ¶ˡ
ǰʶĻʺýƽϣ˼
λľҲˡֲÿүʺ֮Ҳδʺ󡣻йȱ󹬲Żᰲ
Ϣŭ檲˼
үķŭʺӷվæϥ
±߶ŮȻҲҪվȴһϡ
ֲǵүˣΪҪͻʺһܷ
үüģڽϡ㲻ʺƽˡ
ɣԪϣ޲ƽϡ
ϻӻʾ˶š
лʥ
ʺǳͳҪллԪɡ
檶л¡󶨿ڿ˼ûϵԪ
˶֮Ҳڵлʱ
үΪԪ֮⡣ΪֻܵȵеʱүŻ
뾹ȻΪʺ󼸾仰ү⡣Ǹ໹ллʺඣ

690׳˵

ٸү˰֮תʺϥ
檶лʺճȫ
˶ˣ⻰ķζʮ㡣
ҪΪڳͷԪɣӦԪˡ·˵µģأҲһ·ԪɳԪ
ƻʺٵĳӶˡ֪͵ˡ
лʺ˫ȭգں޲ýǰĲˮӵϡֶȻʺƲסԼһԵĲ豭
״æʺ򴦵壬Ҳֻͻʺ֪ʱǰڻʺļ֮ϵġ
ﲻУڿأ
ôСһѣʺҲԼס
ǰЩûиײԪΨһһͬԿӡ
ԻʺԼѾĲ豭Цźһڲˮ˵
ԪǸиģϲΪֻϣúźϣΪϿ֦ɢҶ
ҲֻΪʺΪ˲ŭϲô˵ֻҲ֪ҲмҲܲµõ
ԴТڽ֮󣬵Ҳˡ
ϳȥ֮⣬ûȥ޹˵µĶ衣ӦвŶԡ
񿴿¶ȥˡûдϢ
ôʺĲµһЩΪԪԭŵܻСĺϢ
ƿĻʺȻҪϰһ֡ӵóȴУǴ¶
ô֣ǰͻƻʺҺˡ
ʱǲǶԸԪõʱ
ȻڲУôȻҪ⼸вųɡ
һ뵽ʺ࣬ϵЦҲ
檶л⻳Ҳ˵ģǳ˺ϢȻڵһʱ֪ͨʺġϾ⺢ӵĻʶ
ʺ⣬ѹҲ¶ӡ
ܽԼĸ˵Ц
һʺľٶǿ
ʺҲǸסģ仰̼ľ붯ˡ
סǸ¶ܳסŸѶԸˡ
ֹʺΪλݶջ𣬻һҲջĲɡ
ȻǱߵĸˡ
ŻʱͿԵõϵĳ谮ȻúõĴһԪأأ
˼ֱӴԪɵԪĳˣһºĶϢͲһˡ
ߣ׼𣿡
۾ųࡣ˵ȴǶ˵ĻҪȷһʧ
ūѾźˡֻҪûϽҩ¡Ǿܳɹˡ
ôûȥǳǬͰźˡ
ǰһС̫СӣСʦֵܣ˵ʦ֣һ㶼Ǭ幬ź
ǸĵźСΪͶԪɣڻǸˡ
СҲЧСӣΪСӳԲôôһȥСԹޡ
պú߸ԽˣСӽŻ˽̩СӾԵ
СԸǣҪõľǸպóˣҪúôԪСӸ
ֻҪϳҩ裬ôǱɹˡ
Ǻǡ
˷ܵЦһоԼѾ˵óԼ޵ԼеԼ
˷аͽչ˵ˣɫĻʺҡβԪ
Цˣ˵Цˡ
ʱҲˣǷ磿
֮󣬻ʺתͷѯү
үʲôû˵ֻǵͷ
̩ſŹŮ϶űŵĴŴ̡
ȱǸүȻǻʺǰϣ¾Ǹġ
ֱеĲ֮үһ硱
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ΪТڣԽ̩Ǹƽϲ
輧һһҲ˵үƵĻڡ
ɰ̾ˡ
ɾ֮󣬸ɳ˵Ŀûзϵʱ͵͵ĽһŻƶСĺɫҩ趪һľˮ
ҩ֮ѸڻˮУɵɫ
ΪƱԵʣҲΪ̩ԵʣɫľˮȾ˵Ŀ⡣
ɽҩľˮݸߣȻԼֶһûҩľˮ
ʾ߽ˮү͹ȥ
ϣһƣ檾ϣǳûи빬ôΪһŮ
˵ţ㽫ƱľһΪеţ˿ʲôԲýѾѽ
о仰˵׳˵ɲǺ
үɻĿǰľƱǰľˮ޶峺͸ס

691챻үߵ

ɽʲôע⣬ôƶ˹
Ǹ⻰˵ݶˣүǲԵԼǸûжˡ
ǲĸɵⱭƣҲܵ˵ⱭǷ⡣
ҲֻܽԼǰľƱҲԭǱƶˡ
ɼ״ʧ䣬ûϵɻء
ڶƣǳ檲ˣϷǣԪԴסԳԸԷһ
˵ָ֮Լʢһƣһȶ
ү˿üô£һľơе㵣ǰľˮ
үһԵС̫¸һơûȥϵǱơ
С̫ҲǸģǰƺүϡ
үҲûϸơǰľƱһȴ˱Ӧ峺͸ľˮЩĻɫ
ƣģǰ֮£жţϸ飬궨Ȼ֮¡
˵ţվ˳˫ֶƱͷ˫ڵ档
Ȼ֪ϣãǱһãϣϣϲҪΪĴ˸߼ҵˡ
ȻүЩ֮󣬺ɫ֮߱£ѾȷˣɾȻ˵߱ԩ
Ҳ㡣˸֮߱ڸ̷ķϣΪӦóǬ벽
ѾүĶˡ
ǽһŮ죬ȻôҪ˵¶˵ȴүĻ⡣
Ÿɽ˲٣ʼ˵˺͸ɻسǬȥ
үеľƱûк͵ơ˽ɴȥϵľƱȻͷүǰˡ
˴ȥĸɲûǳ˳ӡô˳ӵĸɣȴġ
ֻΪˣҲ˼ơȻľƱϻ˹𣬿ǶҲе
һ㽫Ժˡ
ڸɱ֮үӻС̫ཫƱˡ
ɲҺȸĶǰѱʲôʱһСĵĸˡ
û˸ɣҲ˳үǺ˲پƣе΢
ϣȵе࣬Ҫȥ
ʺ΢үæ˵
ˣԼȥ͵ǸóĳûȥϢĻȥϢ
ү˵꣬뿪ˣϸϡ
ֱ˽̩үפͣ¡
ȥԪǺ˲ٹƣزȥ
үȻ΢ĺܣǾ׼һ£Ҳġ
Ҫүĵе¶ҪȥˡҪȥ޵ġ
ǣүҲ˲٣
ĻϣΪϲӣҪǻϳˣôҲˡ
ǿ޵ľǼƣ޻˲ɡ
үûһţ⹷ūŸõĵģõĵķġ
ūŲ˼ūȥչԪ
æ˼Դź˻¶û¶ϲƨɡһƨɷǵ÷ֳİɡ
֮ǰⶣүߵС̫ࡣ
Сӣúүĵ¶ӼҪĹ
仰Ǳү˵ġүˣָˡ
үүūŶȻչ˺ү
СӺٺһЦҪж˵֮׷үȥˡ
վԭصȴ벻ͨˣҲ֪ͽôġСӳģҲͽܡ
׼ǼһСӲٵĺôСһҲǸõġĵźʱľ𣬴ûг
ԽϽСӣҲǷĵġ
ôһ룬ת˽̩ȥˡ
үп϶ֹһ̫ô򵥡С֮⣬߶Ű˸̫࣬˸ƵƹŮֻЩݵ΢û˵ķݶġ
ү˽̩ܾ֮߶һɵζΪǽ˼ƵµġҲû⡣
ֻôԽԴԽأѵǸպȵǼƾƾı˵ˣԼľ½
⻹û¡ءүѾоһԴˡԼֱ˯·ϡæСӹ
Сӣȥ񴡭
үŬҡҡͷֻͷԽҡԽΡͷ۲ֱˡ
үȥҪǬ
СĿ¶ϲɫǰһүѯʡ
ȥ񴡭
үѾûʲô˼ˣֻԺֻүΪƵԵʡ
ÿѾˣ˵͡߶ŵūҲһʲôĲǺ

692λݸߣŲᱻ۸

ūּϰڼݳǬ
СһֲүһȴûеͷȥǬǶǳǬ幬ķȥ
Ȼԭ·ػʡȥ·̣Сӣԭ·ػײ˽̩Ԫߵ񹫹
ôʱһжˡ
СԸԶ·үȥǬ
ʱĳǬһǵվ޵ſȥ
ߣСӳɲ°ôôʱ䣬ϻûй
Դӻ˳Ǭ֮󣬾һֱſڵţҲʱ䣬ϯҲɢˣǬͽֻ̩һŶѡ
һʱӦù˰
ĪģҲۿˣѾҩƺˡôûϹСӻ취ġ
߸ŸȥϯϣɸƱµҩ貢Ǳ裬˲֪εҩ裬ı豻߸Сӡ
Ҳ֪һֱԶȥĶһԶ֮ŻСһᡣ
ϺǱƣҲûйϵǲŵֻ㣬ûµġ
š
ɵͷڵɵӰϳϳġ
ʱ洫˵ĽŲһʮҡ
ߣȥǲǻˡ
ڸɷԸ߳ȥ鿴ʱ򣬳Ǭſڣ̫ϸĳ
үݵ
أСӷŲʡµү˳ǬĴš
ɼǻϣϲʤա
檸밲򰲡
ɸæȻϲѣ˹أǻйŮ̫ء
үˣʱҲˡźүްɣ
СָǶ֪ҩȻ˿һҲ;ƵЧһһ˾ƾϾͻ
ҩүޡ
΢΢һЦվ޵ſڵҩŻϽ޹
ȻǸϣߺСԺ
Ǽӵһ⣬³֮ٳлĴ
˵ű㽫һĹҵĴɰСӵ
СҲܾǹĹҵ״С涫ɲ١
ūлˣﻹǸŸȥźϰɣūš
СӵĵԪͻȥ֮󣬷ֻûлĵûȥǬ幬֮󣬶ȻѰҹʱû£ôɾ͵ùһˡ
Ҿͽȥˣ֮ﶨϡ
ߵͷҲ֪ĽȣỹǸϽ޵ĺš
һߣȫĽ˻ȥһ΢ĺܣڻȥ֮Ժﴵһࡣ
ūŹϲӣϲӽλ
еĹŮ̫ԹĹ¡³͸ɣҲվߡ
Ĵϲӡɲô׵ģ쾹ȻΪʺļ仰׾ٵλЩūſǸ˻ˡ
Ǭ¡һλˡ
ӹϲ
³ǰһҲЦ⣬ˣλݶҲ֪һ㣬ԼҶλݸˣû˸۸ˡ
ллλݣĵλҲˮǴˣ֪𣿡
Ӷ£֪Լݲİ磬ÿμİ硣³Ծáİ硣
ҲΪˣ˿УλݣŬһ֣ĶӾͲеԱ
ߵʹλϣô³Ҳ൱ڰӡΪʹͬ
֪λݸˣͲ۸ˡ
³ûΪԼĶԼҶ
ţҼҹˡ
һ§³ڻٽɣһ˹
¶ͣʮӡ
ϣ໹ǹƽԴġ
ūлʹ͡
˶˸߲ҵĽͣ˲һƬ֡
֮תæȥĵȴСڵſڴ
ǸⲻʡµĶʲôʱˣôĴϽȥźϡ
һƴСӵĺϣСӱǰ˽
ѽⱬƢԭүү
С׼תˣһ񣬸æĿڡ
үүȥźүѵүĵ
ҪȻΪʲô񹫹ûл
⹷˵ʲôأһԹСӵԴϡ
үȻˣ⹷ǲ˯ˡ
ûĵСһۣΪС˯Ϳˡ˵˵

693ڻʹʧ

СӲĿմŵĵڿǰ
ѵ˯ͿˣĲǵүˡ
Ҳ㶵СӣתƿĵĴş̌˽ȥ
ȥûõ߳ˡ
Сӣûлĵ𣿡
ɫɻǷԸСӽͻĵôˣȴûĵ
ūûмϰ
Сͷ˵Դӻߺ󣬾ûڼ
ûлĵǻȥʲôط
ˣѵϻǬ幬ƿȥ
ү˽⣬طүҲȥĵط뵽ĻϻȥǬ
үү˵ϻ᲻ǻǬ幬ˣүеƾȻǬ幬Ϣˣ
Сӿɲô࣬ûûĵȻȥǬ幬ϾǬ幬뽻̩һˡ
ҲпܣǬ幬Ӽȥһˡ
ȻС˵еûϻȥű·
ǡūȥ
Сϲ̵תĵҲ˲СˣûЩ̤ʵ
ǿȥԪɣ
ĵͳķȥ
ʱүڸɵĴϣȫֻʣһɫ¡
үԱҲһɫµĸɣĽĿŴŵӡ
˿εӣУȴһ˵ģͲһˣҲһˡ
ˡūű㲻ͻϰˡ
ЦЦԵĸɷ´ϵɴᣣת߳
ûҲûƽʱĻϣһ涼ѣû뵽ôԸһʱԣʱ䡣
үоɧһֻ˵ĲӬүͷĻһ˹ȥֱ׼үĸϡɳʹ˲ſү
ֱͨɾҪӿ֡
ܴ˰ɣڸŲүϥʱ˫ָշүϣ˭֪үֱ̧ţɸߵǽȥˡ
ؿڣ˼Ŀ˯һͿүҪȷүˣҪΪˣأ
ôҲǰ취˻ԵҩҲʱģҪǵʱˡȴʲôûаɣǰ׷ô๦ˡ
ȻѲ˻ϵ·ôԼģ̥ҩҲһҩЧһĴҩ
ӷ֮ڣоȣֳ嶯Ըɾû
֮ͨ󣬸ɱĽԼ˸⣬ҲûиǱӡôүߡ
ҲǺġûһܲˣæӽԼүȻǸģΪһүͻᱻүȭк
˵һߣȥүûˡ
񹫹˼ǡڻʹʧˡ
಻ŵĽͣүүһ˲ģһʧٵġ
ôʾүûг£ҪȻôûп˻ء
˵ڻʹʧˣⲻЦ
ڵȷӡ
ͷֻϣǬ幬ͺˣ֪ԼϻˣҲڽϸˡ
ǻϳ£ʮԴҲġ
񹫹ĪⲻǬ幬ûϢ𣿡
ͼοܾ鲻ô򵥡
ӣСˣ
Ϧ˽ŽСӡ
⸱ģСӣһ⣬ˣҲûǬ幬
ûУ
౧һ˿ңҡͷСӽĽҴˡ
Сӱû´󣬻ϲĵ棬ǾпܻǬ幬ûǬ幬ôпȥ
ߵſڵʱūŸϲδʱСž´ˡ
ڻʹʧˡ
˵ϻ᲻ȥ˻ʺ
С˻ᣬſڣʮ壬չأҪȥʺġ
ûϢضôȥʺأ
ûĵСһۡҲ⼸꣬ʲôʱȥһȥ˼Σһ˫ֶĹ
ūű׾ģū˵Ļȥ
СӸæϴҲġֻ˵˳ˡ
ȥûȥ
Ȼүİȫ⣬ĵү˭һ
ǡ
ߺˡһоʲôҪȴûץס
˽ĵȴϢ
Ǭ޵վСӵˡ
ԴӸɺͻϽȥ֮һ㶯ûСôҲ޵ӡ
⻰
Ӹһ£л*͵Ĵ߸һš˵дףЩģͲҪˣҲҪʹ߸
ϣ֧棬֧ԭлл

694ѵĿŸҸȼ

߹˵ô¶ˣôһûУ
СɫԽ빫ȥֻϲڣ϶һ˹ʱ򣬷ǵһٺùӳԡ
СӲ¶ᱩ¶ΪүԵҩ鲻
ǵϸշҩʱ˵ҽ飬ܼһ
ֻǹôˣҽˣҲǻƶѡ
СӲ±¶µΪϴǬ
Ȼ˵ǻҪǬģҲǸɵġҲ϶֪ڵ
ԸҪ£ͷˣҲֵá
ȴһūҲ֪߶Ǹô¶
ԵñСӻ࣬ʱѾɴˡôû
ۿʱҲˡܲżСżĶࡣ
Ҫȥơ
Сתͷ˿ǬĹţٿ˿ͨ޵
⡭ǲװɡ
ȥҰǽȥӵĺ£ǵðһƤɡ
С⻰Ҳٴˣֻϣ
Ǭ޵ڣѵĹĸɣһڱ
߶Ĳүϸű˯
ǸɲүʲôʲôҲˡΪһӽϣȭǽߡ
ֻܰĵŻҩ
һߵļˣڵȻ
ôǲ
ϣүֲϣү
үô֤Ҳûʲô¶үǾ֤ү¶ˡ
ʧҡҡͷȥǰˣûмϹȥҲûмϵ
ôأʧˡūˡ
һ򶨵ҲˣΪûз¶һţҲתˡ
ĪšϽǾô󡣳ǻϳ˳ɳȥһϽǵĳ
లοǰοԼ˵ЩҲûү᳤ɳȥô϶ͻڻʹ
ֻڰܴĵ̺ʽѲϢȥ϶ֵĻŻŵġ
Ǿ͸˵Ŀɳ֮ⲻү뿴ģҲ뿴ġ
ǽƺģҪȻϿ϶ž뿪Ҳʧ١
˵˵ȥ˵ϡ˼ʧ٣϶ϺȶйءҪȻһѵô᲻أ
ƣ
жһ
ƣ
һ˵ƣͻ뵽ϯ˸үƣɾƣԼɲ̬ȡ
˼һ˼ӡҴšºòеһͷǸûˡ
ž
֪ˣ
ŭӣ˵ĸôô֣ԭء΢үҲڳǬ
֪ʲôˣ
˱ôһһէŪеšǿûк˵֪ˡ
ǲǾ֤Ԫ֪
ɺüı׼һи׳н𣿵ñֲˡ
Цû뵽ô󣬾ȻڻʹĽٳֻϡ
׼ĳǬǿ˻ϲɡ
˼ڳǬ
ȣŻߡ˵ûԪ˽ϣǵҲܲ³ĻһЩ˼
Ͽ¶ɶ㲻ôԼȥǬһСǹūĹ
֪ͲӦСźϻĵ
ϢūȥǬϻع
˵͸˰תС뿪
ǲȥ𣿡
Ȼϡû뿪˼Բʵ
ȥ
ҡҡͷֱһԵĲ豭һ˼ӡ
Ϊβȥ
ǲˣóôɵֶΡǼӸӦȥúýѵѵⲻ֪ܵĸɡ
ҲȥɼȻûȥǬô϶ǻԸġȥˡܻô˵ҵƶʵ϶ᱻȥ
Ȼ಻ЩĶŮҪ³ç¡
ҲҪүҲʲôҪȥǬ
˵ԸȥǬģȥˣǻʺ϶Ϊӡп¶ûϽӵλ֡
ͷ֪ЩŮǣǲȾƶġ߶ˣˡ
ǲģѵǾţҪǻϽڳǬô죿
ĵľۿŸɾҪ군ˡҪͻȻó裬Ҹȼˡ

695Ӽϻع

ģŻϡ
ҡҡͷֻ˵˰˸֡үүһ
˵仰֮Ҳû˵ǰϵү
һߡŭĴСӳ¡ţŽ̩ȥ
Ϊֻд̩·ǾǬһ·
·̩ʱʱĽ̩Ѿȥ¥աʣµֻһЩɨ̫๬Ůǡ
Ҳû˿̩ſڼҴҶˡ
˴̩˾ţ˲һյĹ򣬾Ϳ˳Ǭҡ
ڳǬſվŰ˸Ů˸̫ࡣɲǻϵ
ȻЩŮ̫඼ôƱҲԪȻ
һйȻǸĻҲ֪ôˡ
߼ߵʮ˵ǰ
үأ
ͷ̫ʵ
ܹܣŻϽ˳Ǭڻûгء
ͷ̫໰δ䡣Сֱӽ˳Ǭ
ͷ̫һ±ơôˣô𼱼ææġ
Ҳùܵ¶ֻҪĵĵòˡ
Ȼ
һǬĴţСӱŹ޵򡣱ŭ֧һСӵƨɡ
Сһʱûзֱӱ˸ع̨֮ϡ
ҲһæȥСӡ
ԭүүūŻȥүүأû뵽үүҹˡ
СӾٶŭԹʱҲšʱ򹦿һˡ
Ӽ㣬үأ
ɲΪСӻȥֻ⹷һ˵˻˵ǿ¶Ҫֺ
үү˵ģү϶Ǻ͸ඣ
СӹһЦȻѾ׷ˣҲûҪҲȥˡֱ˵ˡ
СӡӼʲôţ㾹ȻүǬ㲱ǿŹԴǲ׼Ҫǰɣ
Ǹѽ޲ùȥŤСӵǿԴҪҸ˭ãǵһġ
ⲻǵûϲôĶֵ֪ʱôῴϡ
үүūԴү˵ҪڼݳǬģūŲΥּ㽫Ҳ˳Ǭ
Сԩˣ߶ЩŮ̫һʱҲ˵ҪԴҲû취û֤֤˽Խϴġ
Ȼ仰һ˵ոպŭƽ˲١
˵ǻԼҪǬ
ôţǻ׿˵ġǣСʮӣҲ˽Խϴ
ǣүүǲţ߶ūǡǿɶǸŻһ·ġ
СҲģߵūţʱӦûϾ˵ĸɣ
Ϊϵʱʵ̫СˡҲֻźĲ˵
һ뵽СӵӱҲ˵еֱ׳
ֻ֮£Ӽպٸƽϡ
˵꣬һƿСӳųǬȥ
Ҫŵʱȴˡ

ɲô׵Ļ¡һһ
ϣ߹ﰡ
񱻸ôһһһ̨סż˵
Ӽ׼ȥϻع߹ﻹǲҪ赲ĺá
ĵĿһۣߵ뷨
ӦýȥϴߡҪȻ֪˸ɣǵýƤɡ
񹫹ô²װɣѾǼˡ񹫹ôȥŻϡ»ᱻ𷣰ɣ
ɵſڣ˿
ôһ˵ЩԥˡҪôȥպô˻ϵĺ¶㲻ǻԸģҲ֪ǸʱǱ˺£ɲһūŴʲôɡ
ԥˡ֪ԼǸýǲɣпŭϡɣҪĳ˸ɣôԼҲˡ
Ҳû취Ԫｻĵ˵ˣҪϴġ
ԥһȻй˼ôͲˡ

ͻȻһСȥ
ļɫ죬ϲб
ϲߺСЩˡСˡˡ
񹫹»Ҫȥ𣿡
Цſǰǵһϣڳˡ
⣬ȻϾˣӼұ㲻ҴţӼү
յ˵꣬վһԡ

һУɫѿˡߺСҲЦĸˡ
үүɲүƼģʱүˣǾͲˡ
СһЦ޲ó߼¡

696аĸ


һС
ʱое㲻ԾˣɵôǱ˴˵־ƽʱԪźʱ޵
ô룬ʵĴˣҲ㲻һ
ɻΪߵ޵ſڣ˿ΧжϳɺͻϾλã治Զһ¡
һ󵨵뷨Ҫ̽£̽ǲͬɶˡ
ϲʱ͵͵ˡֱ˵ϡ
ûзӦʱʵ
үū
޵žһЩ΢ôһ˲䰲ˡ
˾ҪֹҲˣһʱ˶ϸ
ðΣȼյһ㶼ûС
ﰵкãǹȥҲû˸
ֱӴ¼ߵ޵ſڡ
߹ɣ
ͷϸ߲ˡһûĶʵڿ˳۵ĺܡ
ǣͲŭϣ
Ȼô˳񣬿ʱҲͬ
Ӽкµģүڸ㳤ʱ䣬ᾹȻûУӼʵүиôǳǬȫ嶼ء˵أ
üߣǻиô仰һ߾ͲҪô֤ûϳ¡
ūŲҡ
ߺݺݵصͷÿǬ޵šǶʲôʱ򲻳֣ǵ
ƿصȴţ˵ǲܵģոǷҲֻŻ˵ġ
½ȥ֮󡣿ϲĻϺ͸ˣֻϣŭ֮ȫʬ
֨
űƿˣһ˶ûУȴͨһĪϢ
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ĵҿ˿ΪҲһǬƽջϲǬȻҲǬĲá
ݸղԱұӦҡ
Ȼת֮󣬽ҿɴᣣſһŴ󴲣Ϊϵɴ᣶һʱǸʲô
ţ
ʱһƺӴϴֻŮôֻһֿܣǻϡ
үɺã
ǵʺһ

үࡣ
ūڡ
ش֮󣬾͵үԸأǵ˺þãûһʱҲ֪ôˡ
ɴȴеЦԷǡ¶ӣűӣڴš
ڴϵү͵Լ죬ͷѾðϸܵĺ顣
֪ҩЧˣȴҿү
ΪһֱעŴϵĻϣֱԼıǴӼϻ˶֪
ѩ׵ļιǴһԵ©˳
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700С

߱ߵһ˲䡣ɱ˹֪ߵ˼˵õȥ
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Ҫ˵ʲôʱԼֱ߶ͻȻһƺϽתͷȥΪǸһֱվү
ֻүͷ麹˫ֱԴ̱ϣһһĴصĴϢ
ڼѹԼڵҩЧԲŷ˸ոһƺ
֪ҪǲϽүһүҪˡ
ҲĶԸƵˡæߵүǰԼϸɾӣɾүͷϵ麹
ڶ˹ˮιү˺ôһڣŽ˿αϡ
ҪүںˮܻһĹ򣬸Ͻ鴦ˡ
תүԸɣý˵߸֮⡣
鷳񹫹ȥԽ𣬳Ǭ˹رչšһɲ̽Ǭ֮һɲ̤һ
ÿʳŷ͹ʮ̫֮ҽԸƽ
Ȼɸ٣ô϶Ǵ˹ͨУͶĺ·ŸɻϢųɳȥɡ
Ϣ˳ôҲҪ۶˫
Ԫƾʲôó檳ȥ⹬ǻǻʺʱԪˡ
Ȼ⡣Ҫĸ˳Ǭϵôˡ
ƾɡƾϳ谮ƾд󰢸磬ô
˫ĿԲƽʱҲˣǶԴҪѿˣôҲ˲ôࡣ
ūּ
һֻү߶ϵģȻүףôһ˵ּûзӦҺ֮Ǿġ
ˣڻԪ֮󣬴Ǭˣκ˽ӽһɳȥ
Ȼ˼³ǬϢȥôóǬһ񶼷ɲȥˡ
ô˵ͷҲڹܸɵˣүȳȥԼں߶ϡ
ϣ㲻ôݶƾʲôڳǬҪʺ󣬱Ҫ̫󡣡
˸ճ˺ѷεĺʱɹܲôˡ
ôԸô
ֱ˶˳ǬĴšϡ߶ɵĽ
ǿʮ㰡Цһôá

үڲ֮˳ǬĹš

703ҪУô˻

ȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽһˡ
ԼĲ죬Ըȥ̫ҽֻ̫ҽġ
ǡ
ͷת෴ķȥ
үûȥǬ幬
ǻûã̫ҽˣʱүȻ־ϵĲһڴϡ
΢밲Ԫ밲
̫ҽֱӽ޵ү˵㿪ˡ
̫ҽ񣬻̫ҽ
ཹóطүΪҩ塣
̫ҽ·Ҳ˵ڸҲ
ָүϡ̫ҽ۾ϸ
ûã̫ҽջ֣ת˵
ɷģҩѾһˣүһͺˡ
̫ҽһʹ֮иǴ£вͻͷء
λеҩҩЧѾɢһҪȻ治֪ôԪ˵
ҩҪŮͬŻỺ⡣
ҩ᲻˻ϵ壿
֪öഺҩûͬŮͬͻ֢ܶүҲ
ġүеǱ裬ҩֻŮӻеҩѣӵ˲Ǻܴ
ү巢ȣ¸߰һʧֱʧûС
̫ҽҡҡͷҲҩģֻûмҾмأȻʹ߰ǲûлôء
ΪҩŵľˣҩЧҲ˵
Ȼͷˡ
˵ű̫ҽ뿪޵ߵ¡չү
̫ҽĪҪ֮˵ȥҲ֪һ֮ҩǲܱ֪ġҲΪ̫ҽá
⻰ɲв̫ҽΪ̫ҽãΪҲǹ֮¡û̫ҽ֮ڶѾˡ
΢֪̫ҽԺļ¼ϣֻдͻ岻ʣ΢ЩƢθҩһɲдģġ
̫ҽҲһ̫ҽˣ⹬ﾭʵۣȻ֪ʲô˵ʲôǴҲ˵
Ǻý̨̫ҽˡ
ͷ̫ҽŵģȻүҲǼ̫ҽģҪȻҲרȥ̫ҽ
ȥ̫ҽ
Ȼүû¶Ҳ̫ܽҽ̫ʱ䣬ⱻ˷ֶߡ
̫ҽ롣
һַֻСǰһֻһơ
̫ҽͷ˰Ҫת׼뿪ͻȻ뵽ʲôƵġתӣࡣ
̫ҽһֹģ档ѵ̫ҽҪͬ˵ʲô
̫ҽк£
ʡ
΢һ²֪
̫ҽӵͷҲղġԪƽʱҲͦõģǸһرɡ
̫ҽ޷
ͷ̫ҽԥģ¶ӦòǸС¶
õҩб衣רŮеһҩ΢ոҲ˵һʱ֤߰ʱǸҩҩЧġ
һֱûлСβô˻һԣû׼һʱ㻳ء
̫ҽԥ¶壬ĺܡòҲˣóԵҲţҲˣʱǻõʱ
ǴҪٴλУƻõһˡ
͵һ̫ҽô˵Ҳֶݡ
̫ҽ˵ĲԼһֱûлϣҵ¸ˣôûи
ѾоڻϣҪү͵͵̥ҩˡ
ɲүá
סˣձһŮġȻúôл̫ҽ
ȻЩҲֻǱ΢Цѡ
̫ҽ̫ҽԺ
̫֮ҽʱ޵ֻʣϦˡ
չүˡ
Դ̫ҽߺ󣬱һֱĬϡ
ԼҪҪ̫ҽģʱô
ôܾøоԣүΪ˸ɵҩŻ֮ܳΣ
ࡱ
ţǼʱҵķһ
ȻүģʵΪҩЧ֮󣬻˻
үôˣ
վүһ첲ߵ£Լһߡ
࣬үû
үʣŵĶһһ

704ү

үʲôɣʲôС磬ʲôҶûһ仰Ҫ
үĵһ仰
Ǻǡ
ЦһүŵĿ֮У˵
үΪǲôὫأ
ΪүһʼûүǬ幬
ô˵үģ԰ɣ
үһ˫С֡˫֮гϲ֮顣
ʱүһһϣ밮ͷࡣᵣÿһ飬ÿһ˿
ȻүģүΪҵӺܺƭ𣿾͸ǵĵֶ𣿡
Ҫǽĸɱֵһ㣬һֱǿԼ߶С硣໹֡
ǽĸɣһһһһʣǷǳģ˲ˡ
оǸΪţϧԼ½ɴ˿ɼģԲҪ֤Լ
ΪΣ
⵹үˣǷϣ˻ѡţΪ©õ֤
ʲôΪΣѵүʲô²ɣ
ûĵһү
ҩЧˣϵĺλûг
ûУү֤ûһ¡ոջ˵үġ
үԼһƣʲô˵º˰ɣֲ࣬ˡ
ţȻүô棬ôҾүĺġ
һү
ү֮ǰʱⱣҩЧûзүǲȥɵġ˵ˣʱүĻ˵壬·Ҫ˷ţ˵𣿡
үôһûеģôôùֵֹģʲô
ǹ˵ԼˣֻҪǸˣͲԼŮô˵Լ
ǾүУҪô
үѾɵ£ȫԺΨһŵģ˵Уʵ̲ȥ
үҪ࿴вСүԼѾſץס֡
ĳɳϵİϣ첲ʹԼϰȻΣյıƽࡣ
౻үĻŪˡ
̸¶òãôүƳүԽԽĿһֻ֣үһſϣүǰ
ү˵أúõĳɲɡ
ʵΣүҲǵģǵ˵˰ɣֲúҪô˵
ү˵ľ¡
үһֻ֣ԼϵСĦ
Ȼ岻ʣĺءҶҲ
ﵽҲֻһżܺɴ᣸Ȼߣɸˡ
һһ죬үˣ̫ҽ˵ĻүȻûзŹȥ
ҪӣҲҪβڵĻᡣ໳ء
¶ү߻ǿʶ
ʱҲӦˣүǽ̫ҽĻ˽ȥʱŻô˵
ô¶ү磬ǿ¶ûʲô±¸Ҫˡ
үǼˣס໹ΪԼվȻһͬվɡ
ΡðɣҲǼ¶ô¶ɣȸ˵֮¡
໹ͬү˵ԼڳǬˡںȻүᡣ
˾ôư͵ĽҡȻЦţĬĬ˳޹
һ洫˵ŻһЦͬǾԲǻϳҵ
ڶһ磬ֵģҶڳǬ֮·ǳ棬ǰſҲû˸ҽӽ
ľ·ʱָָ㣬ȻڽͷӶһߡ
࣬ǿ̫ƨɲģᱧűӣſˮ˯أ
ʺˣҲȥȻҪú˯һˡ
˯İοľˣˣȥ˻ʺȥ밲ˡ
첻ǳһʮģȥ밲ȻΪ֮ȥԵġ
ܴܲһЩԼϢ˵һȺȥԼ֪Ϣȥˡ
ˡ
ʺ˲٣ʱľչˣڣڣ˽ڣȻһشӦ
˽ȴû˱ӵһʮ֮⣬ǲģǽ
⻰
е£԰ҹŸ££һ£֮ǰ

705˵Ĳ²

˶ڻʺ޹֮СʱɾȻǳʺ֮ء
˵ɺ˻е񣬳һʮʺ밲֮⣬һǲȥģȻⲻ̫Ĵ
ɲûֱסȥɺҲвĵط磬һֱԼһȡƽʱмȥǴĲϲЩ
ɽ
ʺ֣ʾ⽫˴˶ſˣܲȥɣ
ǡ
ݹ֮ûãɱŽˡ
檸ʺ밲򸣽𰲡
ûʲô飬ûʺһʱ²⡣
ɽôأ
ʺ̧֣ʾȻָָԼ齣ոŵչˡ
ʱ򣬾ͺܺܳɫÿˡ
Ҳ˵ֱʺĶ档
չ﷢˴¡ⲻּ̫⣬ơ
˵⻰ʱһĨɫǬ¿ɴС
û˵ǸסĹϴŵġǬǵһҲΨһһ
һ˴СǾͽʾͷݶŽλݶѡ
˵ǳǬɣ
ʺû˵ڱ㿪˿ڡԴӱԺΪ˾͵͵˺ܶ࣬ҲǰˡҲףԪʱܵó裬ǲҪӲӲĺáҪĿǵκϳ֡
û֪
üˣɴǲģ˵ȻҲǲġ
ס͹֪һ㡣
ݸһЦסĹǬһ㲻֪ҹ巢ʲô£ǳǬ£˵һ
ȻǴ̫ʵģô֪޲԰ɣ
ʺһЦ˵ʵҲ֪֪ҲǵƤëûЩС֪ȫ
ȻǬߣȴϢҲ࿼ڵġ˳ǬĴţΪ˲Щ߰Ϣү
Ҳ֪ͻȻȥ˳Ǭ
ں޲˵Ķߣ£˶֪ȻҲֻ֪ǺǣΪʲô˳ǬĴš
ЩȻ֪
ʺͷֻϾȻûȥȥ˳Ǭ⵹治ѡ
Ի϶Ԫĳ谮ڲ⵱ȥĹġ
˵ʱȥʱѾˣ߶Сӹȥġ
ȥԪˡû׷˳Ǭ
Ǭ߶׷ʲô£ֻ֪֪֮ԪҲȥ˳Ǭ
Ȼһܳĳڡһִ˵꣬һ㿼ǵıȽԶÿߣȻͭǽˡ
氲Ųˣ߶вٵˣԵʱյϢ
û檵ľȻɵĳǬҲū˵ԪųǬȥ
ڵͷˣ֪ԪȥûִŻϳˡʱĻ鲻ԣһ
˵ǣҲߵū˵ˡżȻԪȥ˳Ǭôǿ϶ǻϵ˼ˡ
شӦ֮ͷӵġ
սǸߵý֪Ǭ׳ʲô¶
ڻһתĿһĬչϡ
ô˵ˢˢļ˫۾չˡ
չ˺һ£ԴӸ߱ԺûȥɳǬˣڳǬˣô֪أ
ʺ˹Ҫǲ˵»⵽ʺᡣǵʱԼľǽ첻Ӧеصزˡ
ѾԪɲٵʺˡ
ЩӶûȥǬȻ֪Ĵ㡣ǳ밡Ϊ֮ȥ˸߳Ǭ᲻ϸɾʱйأ
չʵû취ԼѣϹһɡû뵽չ˻Ϲèӡ˵ˡ
չôһҲ˼ƽϣ˾ƶǶԼǰľƱƣȴԼŮ϶һƣǱ߶϶è塣
ϲûкѽôأѵǸڻ߰ˣŵΪ϶֡
ҪȻôͣ¸ܷԪȥһԼ
ս˵Ԫ˳ǬûáʱǬɴ󺰴С
ƵסڳǬס͹ꡣ߶ֻһͨ˸ɵĴ󺰴ڰҹġ

706˼

ŶɾȻڳǬ󺰴Уڿںʲô
ʺ죬ѡรģǿɶǼҽ̼õġû˭ô֪¶ɿһˢ֪
ʺǣϺԪʲôøɾȻ㲻ڴǰﳳС
⡭
ʱڵʼеԥˣȻʱûк׸ɵڽкʲôżһʶˡ
ڲ֪òʱ˵˵֮᲻Լǵ鷳ϾǹŴһ仰ҲпܸԼ֮֡
ڵ˵޷ĶԼҽãźϵġ
ʺûпڣȴȿ˿ڡֻȴ˸еʡΪҶ֪ǸʲôӣôܸǳΪأ޷Ǿ֪¶ѣ
ʺҲûгʲô΢΢һЦڵͷ
ľǻʺ󣬼Ȼʺ˵˵˵޷ô˵Ҳաǲ˵ûùƹҲ֪ΪϴӳǬſ·ҲвٹŮ̫ࡣ
ȻҲһʱ˵˻˵ˣڻʺǰøС
̫ģ˵˵Ļ̫᲻ϼء
ҲûﵽڽкʲôֻԪʲôݶѽ֮ġ
˵ʲôԼУԪȻүˣȻ
˸˵̫ͻʺģʱֵһԪǬ
ʵҲֻ˶϶ļʶѡ֮ô˵µġ
¶ˣЩǵʱɵ˼ȻЩ룬Ǵ˼һġ
ʱ֮ҲǾãԼߵūŶ죬ĪҪ˵Լ¡
ھͲһˣǻʺҪġʺһ֮Ҳϸ˵أ
˵˵Լˡ
ôһλĵ㣬ֻڸɻ⼸ֶϡ
¶Ͳܣϴȥôܻˡ˵ˣϵϳ˸ƵһҾ֪Լûеġ
ֱǷ˼
еô˵
ڵͷÿ仰϶µģֻһ仰ʱеġ
ȷʵ˵Լˣеһ˺ѷΣ˶̲סΪɤżһɤӶˡ
Ȼô˵ΪλϻҪڳǬ֮أ
һֱ䵱͸˵ͻȻðôһ仰һʾһˮ˹̵͹ըž졣
ֻ˵
¶͵ɡҲϹ²ˡǸУǿǹĴϲ¶
ʺһֱû˵Ƕֻűôһ򵥡˵׼ǻϵ֮¶
ھǸŪˣô֪ˣǱ֪ǿɾûùӳԡһ乬֮УһֱӴ߰籡
ԹдȱüҲǺģȫֻϵΣ
õƵУȻúչˡȻڳǬ˹ţôǸƵŭ˻ϡȹЩӻˣҲ¼ɡ
ʺӻʾⴺٵˣ»һյȲ裬Ҷ˵£ˮĲˮ˶֪
ʺôһ˵Ҳеˡ빬ѡҲǴ֮ˣһ㼴ͨ
֪֮¶è塣ɾèҲܹܵģ֪پͻľã֪ĶĿ졣ڹ淨
ûñ»һȲ衣ֻŲ裬ûкȣҲ֪Щʲô
ʺûѡ˼ҿɲҪչˣɵı̫˻ϣҲֻǴ»СС»ˣల¡
ﻹŻȥ̫󣬻ػأͲڻʺƷˣ檳檸ˡ
ɡ¡һ豭ڰϡ
ĲɵĸʺˣԼūųŴķȥ
ʺżȴʲôû˵ֻһĨ⡣
¶ʺȻԼԵеԵɡⲻиɵ
ûзɵ˼ĺܣʲôƾ̫󶼲֪
ǻʺȴзֵģ˼ĽѾ֮˾ȻһŮӣŮӾȻǻϵŮˡ
Ů˲ǻʺжд̡Ҳǻϵͷ⣬Ԫࡣ
ʺ֮û˵ƣ¶ѹԪߴ̼̼ɣʲô治¡ʺһʯ񲻸ã

707ɽк꾫

֮Ҳ½½뿪֪Ҳ֪ˡ뿪ѵûʺ
ЩҲɫģ˵ˣʡǻʺᷳ
ΪɵĳǬһ¶⼸չﶼֵ÷зģڲ²ΪʲôҪ˳Ǭ
ȴϸɶֻǾôųǬ
죬þеˮ֮ˣΪÿү¸߰
ҹ˯˵ڶҪһ졣Ϻүս첹Ҳܹ۷׷ס
ֱʵܲˣϼүԼȥүӿˣӿˣ̸أ
ڵϵʱүýչŲүġ
κү˶ڣֱӽŸײ˿үȻײˣô޵ſڰŸš
Ͳˣүײ
࣬㿪ţүӦϾ
һ޵֮У˶վߣү
үóϵϣвš
أǱ׼ӲԡүӲģôүӲ
үֻܷġԾͳǰһĻվ޵ǰүվſڣ߶˵
߶ūŰЦЦǰıͦģ˼ǻһ仰ͷء
ү⻰춼˵һ顣
أϽȥĥš
үҩЧѾûˡүɴһԲģϾȻͲЪϢһ
ү˵ġԲ
үҪģ˵ˡôϾࡣ
УүڵѾѾûˡ
Ǹģֻ仰û˵ѡ
ү˵һԾŶ
үͲûָ췢ˡ
߶ôأүӡ
үҿ˿˶ͷŰŰѹ֤߶
͡
һЦˡ߶үεӡЦ
үȥĹǱ˱ȻǱϹϾġǵأȴ֮⡣
ͽһԸһԸԸ
ҲǴӦ˵ģɲܷˡ
಻ȷ˵һ顣Էүˣթ
ţүһԾŶ׷ɷġ
ү¶ĵЦݡͲˡúϢϢټ
үı֤תŴ򿪡
үһһ˨ֽƿһô졣
࿴ڵү̲ס£һˣֱԼź߶ӣͣ
ү˵첻ġ
˫ֳҹţԷүͣرƽΪүҪԵһ
ôүү˵˲Ͳưŵġ
үŵͻȻһЦתڵϣĶոպһڵĻ裬ŵĺ
һȻڻ³ү쵰ˡ
תĵүȴʲô˵ΪҪ˵ĵķŭ۾дš
ˣôר־Ŀү
ү̧ͷüһϵжһ˵к꾫
үÿɽרŹŮӵкꡣ
಻ŭЦҲᡣ
˵үк꾫ˡүǰɽרŹӵĺ꾫
ү˵ɲǺ꾫𣿼ү;ӷεġɣӷΣ޲ý⹴˵úʰһ
ǺǺǺǡ
Ц⣬ʵڲ֪ʲôӦү
ǲǸллүôߵۣƽ뱻Ϊ꾫ء
Ͼ꾫ƯĴʡһŮ˱Ϊ꾫ôŮڵʱǼƯһ֡
Ц֮Ͳүˣתڶȥ쵰ү͸һܹ¶
үεЦЦ࣬һͬҶȥһҲûʲôǰı˯һϡ
֮ʱүѾ뿪໹ں˯
Ѿĵ죬ҲǳǬĵ졣
һ˯ȻѣֽҲͦõġȥ밲Ҳ
˯˳Գ˯ӡ

708˭

ӣˡ
żĶϵ˵ⶼˣȥŷ֮⣬ֱǱŲˣԼӻеҡϡ
ô⻹ʮ죬ҵĽˡ
ںǳԾ˯оʱķɿ졣ͦõġҲ֪Թʲô
ǣūŶˡ
͵Χתתȥ˾Ͳһĵӣƽʱ廨·ǻԴʱ䣬ĵţֱɱܡ
Ƶûţͳȥһ߰ʵڲоȥǬ̽Ϣ
۾ֵĿһۡû˰˩ҪԼȥĹ˭أ
ⲻڽ𣿡
죬Ϊȥǲܳȥ
ϣ˹ˡǻʺͷֲǳͷǡ
ֱӣûĵ
ˣԽôͲתأ
԰ڽ㣬ūš
˫ƺʮ˷ܵĿ࣬Ҳ˵ֱתĹſڶȥ
ﻹڴš
ūȥӴǬϢһ
仰δ䣬ıӰѾʧſڡ
εҡͷЦЦȥǱ߻ˣΪ˳ȥһӶܲˡ
ףӣôأ
Ϧֻǽȥ໻һȲĹ򣬳Ͳˣź档
һ£ǲûźģǱ֪϶Ҫܵ𷣡
˵Գһ̶˳ȥӶˡ
۾ν˵ǿ飬һԻõ˹죬ʵһּ尾
Ӳǻڽ𣿡
Ϧ˫ĿԲЩ⡣
Ϧô˵ŵ˫ۡʮ죬ֻǻʺ㡣Ƕе˽㡣
ôһĶΪԼأѹǶȥԼ⹬С
ǻʺһˣǽǻɵġ
ֻεͬϦٽһ飬ѵŴŮ
Ϣһᣬūȥŷȡȥ
ϦصĽˮԱߵϡƨһһ̶ľܲˡ
ʣ´վԭصһˡɵ۵ĿǰһĻ
˭ӣ˭ūţôһĶ֪źӡȥȥˡ
Сӣǻǵÿ˷һɣⶼ޷ˡ
˵űԹĻ۾ȴ¶Ц⡣
ǻӸߵġ
겻֪ʲôʱվġûиоĵ
ĻҲֻЦЦȻùš
΢磬ӹ⣬û˯ˡ
ȻүûΪǰ˯𣬵ϾȻʧˡ
Ű磬˯ˣһ˯ˡ
ðΣû̧ͷȥȴԼ˯ˣӻ֣ԺɨɻĹŮǶȥȻϸһ̺ӡ
ȻˣǸչڵҲǺԼȻѾ˯ˣֻҪõҲûʲôϵ
һ˯΢磬ΧһûСǵҲֻл㡣˯ڴȻһˬٱ
ȻҲٵĴšС໹ܳһڿɿڵȺʳġ
߽ʱ򡣱㿴Ѿˡûĺһš
Ǭ̽ʲôϢˡ
Ŀһֱϵʳϡ⻰ȷǶ˵ġ
ūȻеϢҪҪ
һЦȫûзأ
˵
üƳһһʲôʱѧӡС
ͳһ֡ίı죬ʲôɫһЦ⡣
ūȥˣôֻܿأ
ЦЦ˵
ūŴǬҪ˸̫ҽԺ̫ҽȴˡ
⻹ΪˣЩӣ͵͵
̫ҽԺ
ֹ⼸֣ıˣɸûޣҲûлС
ѾزˡҪȥһ̫ҽԴү

709ǺλĲ

ɲʱɻûأ̫ҽҲ鲻
ûֹһĵز˵Īˡ˭ø۸Ǽӵġº˰ɣܡ
˵ģȴûлӦ
ӵ˼ǡ̫ҽɡ
껹ĶЩú뵽һȥˡ
ţûֻҪûȵʮ֮֮ʱ׼õӤóһè̫ӣǸҲֻиɲֺͿ¡
һһǽ͡
ȥЩ˵ǬϢһųȥ
죬СԷ١
ǣūȥ
˵ַ꣬ĳȥˣֻεҡҡͷ
Լиɿһ㡣ҪȻǵûϦɡ
ѾĩʱˣΪǰ˯һͲˡ
˰һϢ
ûã㴫Ҳϼ¡
ūŸԪ밲򸣽𰲡
ߵǰ´Ƶġ
ĵൽûʲôֵģ£ˣ϶ǻʲô¡
񹫹𡣡
˵⻰ʱҲֻ۾ϡ
үȥĵһˡ
ۿžʱĩˣϱģʵΪĵ¶߲ⲻԪȥ
ҲǵģԪһղŶٸʱ棬͵ԪûлԺãû˯ã󰢸ûгԪ
Ͳ˩ԼϡߵĴˣ
ȥĵ
ɻʱֲŵʱȥĵ˵ˣ⻹ڽء
ȥ
ɴľܾ±ˡϴи˵ȥģһ˵ֱס
תͷһ룬ҲûʲôСֵģԪﶼҽϹ棬ǾܾȥĵҲûʲô
Ϊβȥūźøүػ
ȻԪﲻȥҪһɲô7
ʺʮ죬Źȥ졣Ȼܰ;ϣҪǱ뿪ʺٸһع໮
ǰ챻үڵۣҲû֮ˣͬˡһûˣ˾ǰޡҲһԻʺùѹôûʺʳ
㣿
ˣʲôʱ£ôһû
ɲڵ죬Ǽȥʺ밲Ϊ˼䡣ʺ㽫Ҽͬһˡ
ûнͣ͵ģһ㽫ദܺߵһˡ
ͻȥ˻ϣ˵Ƚˣȥĵ밲
ûûεĻӻ֣ʾȥɣ
˼һᣬ˰ת뿪
ûȥү֪УȻүһԪȥʱֱ˵ϾǻʺµּܲһūŻûʸΥ
Ҵææ뿪ݸһЦ
׼ӭʥݡ
ô˵ţ˿ûаҪ˼ϡ
֪ȥȻὫ´үүҲһԼʺô۸ү׼һͻ
˳Ǭ֮󣬹潫˵үүŭ
ž
Ǻֱϡ
ʺԽԽˣ㣬Ҳҡ
үǸŭԼһίʺǸҽ㣬˵أ⼸ôԭǱʺˡ
УҪȥһ
˵߾ߣүҲϵۣԼһմɰǺ
״æСʰϵĶԼǸү
ԴСӱ֮˾ҲûмСӣ˵ͬһ˳ǬҲ˵Ǳдˡ˾ôˡ
Ҳû˸ȥ񣬱ϾСԵ治զء
ү߳ĵ뵽ʲôƵģһһ߷Ը
ʺҪǻʺλĲô޿Կǻ
Ȼҽ࣬үûʺλ̫ˡ
ȥּ˵УƷмѣйλɣЭ֮Ȩ
Ȼʺ󲻻ʹúȨүʺǡ˻ǰˣүҲΣǸؼģ̵ҲǸõģλҲûʲô
ǣūȥ죡
ȵ̧ͷû뵽ϾȻԪҪԪﲻϲ֮ȨҲûлʺʲô¶ˡ
⻰
ǰȱһ

710ôİ

ź֣С̫˼үղŷԸĻȥϴξûиŻϣСлɳˡ
һ뿪ү˭·үˣֻܷԸȥ
С̫ͷ˳˶飬ȥ
»ûãҲͰʱҰɡүڵĽ
㱻ʺˣôү˵أ
үһָı˵⻹ûվأͱүһͨʡҲ൱±Ƶġ
ôоүأ
ô˵
үƲ࣬һⱿŮ˾ôĸԸĽˣ
үһһͨʱ˵Ļᡣ
үҪôʺǻʺһܲʺּܲɣʱʺٸһ𹬹һʱ䡣Ҷ໮ġ
νı졣ȻүˣôĽҲͷˡ
ȻܽʱĸԸĳܻʺĳͷ
㡣
үûָһĶͷ
ôү˵أ
үߵµϡϵࡣ
һ·үǿ߹ģûЪһ˻еĸо
״æʾүһȵĻ衣
ǲ𣿡
ҲΣ⼸ĶģĻԼǲڽ㡣
Ҫᣬ벻ء
һʰʰүȥĵ
ү͹һ󱭵²ˮͬ˵ĵһ¶Ҫûڸǰǵšȥ֪౻֮¡
ʺ󡭡
Ƶԥһ£үôʺӣôôˬ
ʹүүĺ󹬣үȻˣлʺ˵ķݶ
үûĵһۣҪΪ֪ʲô
ΪദЩ鷳¶үǴĸԸ
ϣȥʰʰȥĵ
ȵľү仰ȥ·ү˾ô߶š
ʺС̫ҲˡʱĻʺԺİ֡ۿİҪˣȴʶ˼֡
ʱĴ󰢸˵Ĳһǰ
Ϊʺİ磬İ绹ûȥ鷿ѧϰľȥˡ
˵һӰǶ֮һҪ鷿ġΪд󰢸ȡ
ԶҲʱ鷿
Ψİʺȹ֮ȥ鷿ΪүҲû˵ʲô
û˵ʲôͷİ硣ʺ󻹲İȥ鷿ôүּ
ɲʺİһ
İ磬󡱣Żʶôд
С̫ȥʱ򣬻ʺְֽİд֡
ӲдӲдѧֺģҪȥ棬Ҫȥ档ʶȥòã
İ籾һͲסӵĺӡʺѧ֣Ǽֱĥ
İ糶ŻʺҡͷȣǲԸд֡
Уƴ󰢸磬磬Ǹȥ鷿ˡԺ󳤴Ϊʰǡ
ǲúѧϰҪǱȥġ
ʺİֽ֡ʷİġ
ҪӲд
İ罫еıһֱӴӵԺȥ
˸סİ硣
ʺŭˣôôûгϢİأ
ǲң
İһһˡۼūŶˡһɣʼ
ʶöѧϰ罫⹬ˡ
˵ģʺİ仰̼Ļһһȥʱĳ
һΪҹùѧϰõõϵΪδŻľȥˡ
ǰ˵һֻҪ֣ٱκ¡
һ뵽ʺӻ֣ʾЩץİС̫Ƕ¡
Ȼʺߵ1İǰİӵϱĸɾİϵ
ˣʶӦ㡣겻ٱˡҲҪӦʶȥ鷿ͬ󰢸һѧϰ
Ȼʺ󲻴İѧϰȥ鷿ǲܲȥġҲԲİġ
ӴӦʶ
İͷȴһ뷨ôûʶﲻٱѧд֣ôҲôûʶͬȥ鷿
ǰȴӦʶźá
ʵİҲһĺӣϾүĻǶûı䡣

711ֻҪǻʺ

ЩӾͬһŰֽһ滭ʲôʲô꿴꿴仰Ҳûеġ
˴İȥ԰ɡ
ʺûǻС̫һֱԱ߶ء
Ӹˡ
һ棬İ˾񡣸ʺƣҲūתͳ߶ȥ
ūŸʺ밲򸣽𰲡
С̫ովһֱͷվһԡȻûпʺĸӵ飬ˡ
С̫ǰˣȻ³ǡ
˻ʺİ磬С̫žùֲ˼һϳ谮Ԫء
Ž磬ʺȲԪƴ󰢸磬񣬴鷿̫ڻǰ󰢸硣
ǿİ硣ôʲô
ɣϿ¶ת汾
ʺԼλϡʺļӰڵʮʮġ
үࡣؽˣΪʺЭ
С̫ɵͷûҽϵԭ˵ϵԭʣʺǲǾλľˡ⻰ɲ˵
ž
ʺеĲ豭أ۶д𾪣Эʲô˼ǽʺȨֳȥһ
ʱ䲢ûǻΪʲôЭЭ֮˻˾Ȼأ
˲Ǿ൱Ԫ
ʱҲûʲô¶үôñأ
ʺ˵ʲôֻܱŲôӲС̫ࡣ
Щūű㲻֪ˣūҲֻǹѡ
С̫֪Ҳôʺ˵ôһ˵൱˻ϺԪΪ˻ʺ˰
ǹ֪ڴ֮ǰ
ʺûϲͻȻЭҪô뷨ѾڻУ˺ܾáҪôǻϱĳ´̼һʱ˵λ֡
ү֮ʱȥ·ϡ
С̫¶û˵ʺʱҲ
ԭˣ֪ˡ
һ仰ʺҧ˵ģֻһ˵ȥʺ˹
ʱʺ춼ĵġΪ϶ȥ»֪Ԫ֮¡
һ춼ȥˡҲûǶκζԻʺΪ֪ˡ
һЭ֮ˣȲ֪
ūŸˡ
С̫ڻʺһȴʺûκηӦֻñ죬Ȼתȥ
ߵʱﻹסֹ⻹ʺءͶֲûϲ
ô£ôЭ
С̫ߺ󣬴żˡúõģô˸Эģ⽫ʺﴦںεѽ
ߣҵСԪƲˣȻû֪ˡ
ʺЦǸЭںֻҪǻʺôЩȨҲûġ
ūŲԪʲôϵ
ҡҡͷЭɣҲӦڱʹӲŶԡ
ǻԪءΪ֮ǰԪʮ졣߽Ȩֳȥһ
ΪʲôǸɶǸԪⱾҲǸԪɶһ
һģȻɣôҲ൱Ԫ
ôܹôҲ̫ˡѵΪʺ󣬻ܽһɣ
˵ߡΪʺ󱧲ƽ
ӣʲôΪԪʱӣ֪
ۻϳҵ˭˭ΨһϣԺ߶֮ϵĶӡ
ǽô
ʱ֪Ǹôźá
ʲôʲôҪֻҪǻʺôЩȨ綼ڱԪôó衣ӲӲ
ʺ֪ԪлôǱҲкöء
Щóʱ
Żʺڱصõ񡣴ݲ˵ʲôˡǼҲһ۸
Դȥĵ֮󡣵ϲûӣ졣
һĻʰͶҲΡҪΪ͸񣬹綼˰ɡ
ҿźǡ
ʱүæææҲûȥĵ
Ҳ֪үæʲô޷ǾǸ߱¶ۿŸ߱Щ˶ҪͶˡҲҷŲ
ֻôСһ
ȥ鷿˯ǻ
ӶҲģʱ䵹Ҳûʲô¶
յĻҲˡͶʮ³Ҳͼʱˡ
֪ھеʱҲˣʱϵҲȥˡ
ĸӵʱôϱȥġ

712ݼ

˵ʲôҲͬ⡣ϾϺ͸ڶ
һĸµУһһ¡ǳ߶˼˵ģһиסʱĿɾˡ
ҲǸˡʱŲܴϱȥĸʱһҪǹȥ
ֲþܾôһ˵ͿԹĲϱȥˡ
ϾԪ۵ϱ߶ӡ¶˭Ҳ˵ԪĲǡ
ʱμΪƣǿ˴ĴԹ󡣳ҵһͿҿϺ͸ûȥ
μҵϱǰӵˣʱĸΪμء
Ժܾˡ
˭֪Ǵʲôأǲ˻ˮĺá
ʵĸһμһһױ
ʱֵܳ׵ʱƸĸǿġ
ţǺ֪ó׵Ļˣô˵ҲҪһױ
ڵԪܺ˱ˣͬǵöԴҲҪȵġ
ǽȴûȥĸ̴ˡ
ʱþҲûмҵˡպյĻ½ҪˡǽúһֵĻ¡
տǼСһˡȻ¶ҪúõġǷϼҲùġ
ļǧʹöأտͷһء
ĽҲ˵ϼˡչһԣûвʵĵطøһġ
ڶһ磬ϱ˱
Ϊʹ󣬻и̧ȥġ
ó裬ĸв͵ģϺ͸Ͽմ˶Ĺˡ
һ˵ʺҲֻɴٴ߿ǡʺɲԸˣ̫ģǲúá
һֵͷ
ǵ˵ʱ򣬼Ҳ֪ڿʲô
ӷˡ
æࡣҲ֪֪ôˣǶϿǲԹˣ˼Һܸɴҡҡͷ˵ԣ˵֮ͼſŪһͷˮ
Ļ̿ˮͷ
Ԫ밲
ϴϸϺվҪӰ񣬽ˡ
˿ǽʵʵĸȻϵ񣬿˵ܵġ

վ֮󣬱Ѿ׼õԲϡΪˣ࿼ǵиԻ˸Բϼһ档
տɫ
ϲĿ࣬ϴμʱ໹ֻһλŰ¹ȥλˡɼࡣ
˷ϲ¾ˬλݣȻ档öϱ˵Ķڲԡ
ôȤģҲ͸һˡ
ĸȥһѻ˸ݹ
ǰΪûиƺһаŮģеΣɲͬˣΪ֪ˣԴڵⶼһˡ
ûûΨһһλȻֵøˡ
ЦݣվʹˣʲôֻԼŮܹúþͳɡ
Ʒ˵ģλѣйʹأ
ҲûֱӾ˵ˡȫûв⻰ʲôĺ
⻰ү˵һΣˣĵѾΪʹλϡ
Խôһ˵̲סˡ
⻰ĪҪ˵ȥĺã
Ҫǳ⣬ɽǰˣ˵Ҳ˼֡
ԲˣūֻǸһ˶ѡ
ͷûΪ˵ел
ѽģʲô˵
ָָ䲢ûֵ˼⵹ϲһ㲻Ծ
ϿԼŮ̬ȣ˵ģ֪Ƶġ
֪ôһǻͬŵģôǲǱԼŮڹԺ㲻ٳԿϾʹλͬ
һ뵽̤ʵˣЦԽˡ
յĻҲϵˡһп׼ˣ
߱ǽϽҪĿġ
ү谮࣬ȻҲݼڣԴյĻҲǼĵġ
Ϊ˻͹һĸۡ󣬵ҲС޾ס

713һȢһͼ

ΪϾְأ϶͵ġ˶֪ۡǻϿԪϴ͸յġ
֮˱ס¸ۡڹϵĸ׺סլ
Ҳˣϱìܡ
Ϊ޹壬ҲˡҲһԺӡ
żˣչĸˡ̩¡ǼĶڻδޡ
ȫ˵֧̩¡΢ͳ͢һǮ
Ϊ޹壬ȢҲǸȢͼˡ
˵ʲôأ
տǱ׼ĹŴŮӡŻ֮£ȻЩߡ
ôˣ˵Ĳԡ
๴һЦ
ۼҲˣ֮Ҳûʲôúߵġ
Ǹ׼˲ٵļױ˹ϡͲ±۸
ԹѴıϱϵAhaǼ̫̫
ƼҵǼ̫̫Ƕ˰ȥôȻܴլöҪ¸լͶ
̩¡һ΢ôܹǵĻأյļױȻûСǶһЩ鱦ֻ֮Ķ
ֳҲǲٵġҸǣǸٵС
Ӷ϶ƺġƺûǰӪЩӡøԼӡ
ϴƷȻûи֮ĶǸС
û϶ƺͷԡһЩҪľˡ
ôһȥټ϶ͷԡȻ˼С
ճޣױһЩʼҸĵ͡
лл㡣
ڳҲˣȻ֪Ϊáлĳġ
׽ãô˵Ķ㣬Ҳ֪ܸ˭ȥ
ܳ輸үûٸͶһȥ˲١
ЩòϡҪǸɣױأ˵ˣɣүбʱףЩױҲġ
үŮū£նпܡ
ЩҪൣˡ
վ֪ˡ
жﰵԺһúûرࡣ
꣬ȥյļù
յķϼϵʱѾ͹ˡ
ʱϽһԣøĶĵطĶȹֱȥ
ǡ
ͷתȥҡһʱ϶һɫļ¡Ӷϵȵӡ滹һЩ˿ߣҲӱġ
Ϊļһ㶼ֻǸӵĵո߳޸׼ġȻǲġ
ȥԡ
ָļ£մԡ
յͷת뿪ˡ
ļ˼ˡﻰⶼΧи˵ġ
ҲĸˣȻΣڣƽʱעЩŮ˻пɲС¶
ǹˣȻ֪иеʱЩԵĲܳԣЩĲ
ڻңоԺŮ˵жд̣ǵðⶤ̲㡣
ϲͬƷûңǰֻһź򡣾ƷһçײĺӡʱСģ˵ϵӡϾǼµʱ򣬶ῼ̫ࡣ
лģƽСĵġ
ϵͷһͳŮӣԼĺӣǿǿеĺء
˵Ʒƽʱע㡣
ȻǹˣҲ߰Щɲܾô˵
֪үƽʱġ
ϷӦ˵ʲô¶ʱϽ˺Ρ
һ˵ᡣ
ûĵһۣƷ˽ĺܡƷһŷ£ԷǴ³
үõӡ
Ϻߵĵͷ
Σǰһ¶ȫһԼˡϺƷ˼ֱһԣǰ͹һ
ˣ֪ˣǹۣܷġ
ڸϣ£ʲô¶ҪСĽųɡ
࿴򸻲ϱƽСʧ䣬㡣
ţǺòģȻҪúûš
ϵͷԼСǳһ˿ЦݣྐྵȻ˿Ц濴һĸ
ѵŮһˣܸıŮ˵Ը񲻳ɡ
ãҲкϢġ
ǵϱ̲סһ䣬һ仰ȴ˶Ĭˡ
˵ʲô𣿡
ãȻĿˣûиϺ˽ࡣȻ֪Ĳ
Ǻǣû¡岻гҲˣһϢûС
νЦЦ

714ǬҪ

ʱ䳤ˣϣˣҲûôˡ
Ɀ׾ģﲻġ
ϸæվ
޷ֻΪʲôñþͻкϢˡ
ǣΪʲôϻΪ
еʱ򣬾ͳŹϵˮŽʱ򡣿ҲŹˮǲҲˡ
˵ЩʱЩ˼Ͼ⼸һû͸͸ժˣȥ
ôһѣ˵Ŀⶼϡ
ڴĿ࣬ǿɶԼӶǿ˺óʱˡ
ѵ˵ˣԲŶˮ
ûҽƽ
żʵ
ҡҡͷƽÿһΡϴƽǰ죿žںĵʮɡ
̫ҽ˵һԾ֤ûлϡ
ΪˮΪ濴˼ֻ֪ˡ
ִʱкöط֪˺Ȼ¾Ʋˡ
дγԹһΡֻöģûгó
οǼֻ֪ˣǿĶѡС¹Ӹ׽ըųԡ
Ϊ˱ŵˣ໹Ǿ÷ĺãŴļ֪˺ﰡ뷨һ˵ŵһƬˡ
⼸춢ϣǼֻҪ˿ǵ֪ˡ
ǰʱȥԲ԰ʱûаǸʱ֪˺öģ϶ǡ
ھֻżһֻ԰
ֻǿǼֻ֪˺ܷʶѡ
εЦЦ
㣬
໰䣬յȥ
ֻһϼˡ
յĳϣĳҲϣԽͦƵġ
೤òȻҲ
Ǳ
һ˲䣬վ
Լûϼ¡񿴵մϣͬܡ
㣬˵̩¡᲻ϲ
ȹǰתһȦŵ̩¡⸱ģʲô顣
ѽǼ޳ȥŮóȥˮôżĸɹٶأ
ûĴȤ
У˵ÿÿ
ͷæĿڡɲó㺮ġ
ƨˡ
ҡҡͷԼλϣգ²Թǳߴ绹ţĿɶǼõġ
ţյ²ҲڸĶˡһȥʱ򣬾ֱӴϰɣ
ֱӴȥʡĵʱһˡ
һжġ
ϵͷ
ʱҲˣǾ㱾һͬŰɡ
⻰ͬ˵ġҲŵʱ䣬һҲּįġ˲˶ˡǳԷҲġ
Ȼģѵܾܾɡ
һ֮ϻȥȻԼݣ֮ǰǼֻʷʵ֪˺
ΪүæԵ첢ûҲ˯ˡ
ڶҲľˡ˯Ҳеġ
֮ȵԺһЩʿ³
ôǲǶѾ׼ˡ
һԵϦͻȻĪ˵һ仰һʱûзӦ
ʲô׼ãֻԺתתѡ
ǬѾʮˣ˵ˣʮ̫ҽ
ϦôһѣǬɻأ
ӣʮˡ
Ǿ֪ͨϣ̫ҽȥɣ
ֹغõĴ£ɲһ˵滹ѹŻʺأ
Ŷ˳ȥҲȥ
ʺȥģǶڻʺﲻˬȻԸ⣬ɹȥ
ҲЭ֮ȨȥҲû˸˵Խˡ
ǣūȥ롣
Ϧ˵֮󣬱תȥȥˡһԺ첲ŵȡ
ȻǬȻϢزסףȴװʲô֪
ԻʺʹڹȻҲڡûҲˣôҪĳϣôܲأ
໥֮⣬͵ڳǬ棬ү
˭֪ĲүҲǣүæˣʱ
˵һݺԼˣү˿Ҫпܡ
ūŸʺԪ밲λ밲
沿Цһһʰ
˵ɻˣش˹ôŻˣ
ʺһôʲô֪ı飬ûࡣ

715һĸ

ǻװĴβǣ˶˵Լʲô֪Ǭˣ¹û˲֪
ʺҪҲҪһС
ʺūŽ֪
ףȴ˵Ǭʱ򣬻Ͽ˵ˣһԪİš
Ǿ񹫹ɣ
ʺһƣ˻֡һԿ׵С̫ࡣ
ʲôҲ˵ֱߵǬſڡ
ʲôģֻײ
Ȼ㿴С̫ȡ˽ǬĴһƵס
С̫ߵǰһ߻ض
ʱĲЩ̫ҽ̫ҽԼ̫ҽԺԺС
λ
ߵǬſڣãûʲôʺȥ
ʺҲ̧࣬Ŵھͽ˳ǬҲںкһȥ
ԺҶƺþû˾סŲ棬֨֨
಻ɵüͷǵգûǲɢǬūǣôĳǬȻģ
üͷʺҲĿΧ
񹫹Ǭūأ
ʺ󲻽ĿΪǻ˳ǬūţɾǸɣû֮ǰǵźġ
ϣסūˣǬūȻڳǬ⹬ȻˣȴûūǶǲ߰
һ㶣ԺľҲû뵽ʺʵˬ˼㡣
ǴŻϣǲǴʻϡ
ЩƤǳĶ򷢵˾ȥۡ
ôһײʺҲˬҲô죬˱㽫Щūϡ
һȺƤǳĶǾøûг·ˣ㲻Ǭ¡ʼˡ
˻ʺŭ⣬Ĵ˻֣ʾ̫ȥǬūŶߡ
ʺ˵û˵ʲô˼һʺϾǻʺ󣬴ūŵȨеģЩūҲ̫ˣñ
һ߱䴫һ
ΪǬЩ̫࣬Ů±ƣҲֻĵأû˹ܣĵҲˡ
ǰͿūţȫ۵ȥˡ
ʺŮǬеūŶˡ
ͷ̫վڻʺǰʮ̫๬ŮӣڵϣеĹŮŵС
ʺһ۶߶µļˣͷĻӻ֣ʾ뿴ֱӽ˴ȥ
ǡ
ͷһӹŮ̫뿪ˣȴǵı˾Լյ
ôһû
ڻʺĺߣΪصҶִŻףһһǳģҲ֪ŵ͵Ĳȵʲôһ˼ҺúĹŮסˡ
ôˣ
ʺĻͷﱾ˵ĸоͲãû뵽ôһһ
ŵºȵʲôˡ
ھֵָԼողȹĵط
ʺһۣʲôûа
æ˹ȥ鿴ȻˣЩ߳Ͽɲ٣ҧż˲ǧҧԪ
ԱɹȥҶūţǽǰ·ĸɸɾġ
һĻûбʺԣͳһ䡰ƤǳĶ޵
仰Χ˿ɶˣ⻰Ƕ˭˵ģԶˡ
˾͵ûƤǳôˣƤǳšڹﵱҪ
ʺߵ޵ſվǰƿصĴšȻÿλá
ΪãǳĻ谵͵ˣһʱΡ
ֱ˶֮ӦĻ谵Ĵ
Ƚңõ̫ˣΰʲôʲôԭֻλõĲżϵĻƿһʣȫûˡ
Ҳ֪Щȥˡ
Ըɵӣʮ죬ϢҲȥ϶ãЩͳ˸ɵķй
ǶˣôЦ𣿡
ʱһǰ
ΪǸطûбĹյһʱҲûз֡
һ̧ͷȥ
ֻһϣͷϴģϴģһõġ
ϣʺҲ
ɱΪ࣬û뵽ʺҲˣĻȴû
أ
ʺʹüĿ
ǻϽʮѣúõͬϵǸû𣿡
˻ʺĻɫ֣඼һĹ졣

716˰

ôʺҪʲô֪һװ𣿿Լݵе
˭֪ɱҲܲµһǷ˴ǻʺȻ˵ϵǸûˣΪԼ˵û¾û
Ǻǣ
ĸɣֱӴЦˣЦᶼˣ̲סЦ
ԭ±
ɽֹͣЦһؿڣһָĵķ
ʺ֪Ϊʲô
Żʺɫɷʹˡʱ˭ֻҪүֻҪԼ̼ˣɾ͸ˡ
Ϊҩˣ
²ĳǬҪŻϻС
ɴʱе񲣬ŵæ˷Ÿɣʡһ˵ǸӾ鷳ˡ
㡭֪ܡ
ôһײʺҲס
ﰵɲ֪ôñԴ
֪ܣѵʺûȥϻϵ
˵ţҲվһƽʺ
ʺ󱻸ɱƵΣֻһˡ
㡭ߡ
ʺֲָŸɣǻԹҲֻǻһصĺ
Ȼ񹫹үɹģôͲ񹫹ˡ
ʺŭתߵһԵ£Ҫʲô
˭ϻϵ
ֿʼЦЦŻָˡ
ڲ𣬲ȥԪ
߽һ̫ţڻǱŵúһ
򰮳ɺޣŮ¡ΪѾûǣʲô¶ܸɵĳ
ڿɲԼûܵʹٻأڸ
С̫ס˵ĸɣûоʹ˰ݡתͷɡ
㲻𣿲ԣˣſԪˣ˻ϵĳ谮Ԫͷϰɡ¶ԲԣԲԣ
ȻɱڳǬǬϢȥȴܴ߶õССϢ˽Ϊɣ֪ˡ
ĸɲûΧ˶ӵ
֪ɲ֣ȴҪʱô˵֮϶
ȷʵ⣬˵ùҪ˲ùܴһ鷳ҲԸ⡣
´ˣûҪ裬ҲûҪԪͷϡ
ɵǵ֪಻ŸɵķԷ
ʲôǷ񶨸ɵԴǡ
ߣ𣿡
һϣҡҡͷﲻвҪһƭ
ǡ
ᶨ޲
Ԫ˰ɣôõһ¼Ӱ㣬ǲǷǳ⡣
͵תͷࡣ۾дԹݶ·˶һɱˣͲĿˡ
⣿Ϊʲô⣿ССĸһ·Ŵ󰢸磬λΪβ⡣
֪ɿ϶ںӮҡѾΪʵˡ
Ƹأ븮ʱ򣬱Ǹ߸ϵĲรӦλĴ㿴ڽԼʲôز
ǰ˼Ҳֻ׵ľ롣״ڸǰࡣ
ĸС̫ʰΧ״ĸС̫֮ΧŸȥ
ǺúõĸɣҲֵġ
൱ŻʺֱԲ䡣ҪûʺҲ֪ΪԼŵĵزǻʺҪôҲġ
֪ûгұСŶʮ֮ԼҪͶѰ·ǲǣ
˫ͨĶࡣݽ᲻֪Ļ䡣ȴ֪
ʮҲˣԪûݺԼڿԼԪֻǿȴѡ
Уɲ˵ˡǸƽƽġ
ݸһЦתŸɣȻһ
λ̫ҽɣ
ȻԸɵģ⻰ȴǸſλ̫ҽ˵ġ
ǡ
һֱ䵱Ϊ͸˵λ̫ҽǰһȶŻʺһתһݡ
ʾ£תĸС̫Χŵĸɡ
ԽԽĸ̫ҽɷԽԽ
Ҫʲôƽ
ƵץԼոնĲ豭ˤλ̫ҽǰ

717

֪ûлУô̬ĸʲôûô˭
ɺȥ˺ǱС̫ţ޹֮󣬸ɷˡתϡ
֪ǲá̫ҽǿǻģҪ֪С
ʳָͶ䡣ɤſ󡣶ܱȵ϶ˣۡ
ƽǻȥ˻ϣûлСҪɱҪбԹԡ
ܹ˱ڳǬӡҲܹ⹬ĶթܹЩŮ˵
ǿɲСǴ¡򲻿ܵġ
תߵʺǰϣŵһ˫۾ԼϴŵĻ˵Ŀװ׵ġ
ʱǴӦģлã㱣ԶšǱɡ
Ȼỹǵͷģ۾ȴĶŸɣһֲֻͣظϵ
ԣ뼸λ̫ҽúø
󼸸úҧļء
ǡ
˿Ƿ˻ģԪ֣ȻҪúõĸ
ΧŸɵļ̫࣬һѷǰǯסɣֻһŮӣĸ̫ǯơ
һֱȴ̫ҽǣַǰ
ֱ˸飬ĸ̫ɣɽ˶档
ĸߴҲ֡
ػʺԪ󲢲ϲ
֮󣬵λߵԺվ˵
ûоˡ
ʺû˵ţвأûлǺ
񹫹ʱӦýˣɸδðɣ
ѯʣ治֪ү㽫ô졣ȻˣôүҲзԸġ
ԪүȻּҪūŴ
Цŵͷʱ򣬻Ͽ˵ˣܸǷϲֱӴڳǬġ
С⻰ɲ˵ԸûлУô·һ
ϹΪع档ҩ۾ϡźǱףش͸˶ڳǬ֮С
ͷүʥּһ飬һ̫һ̣һƣһΰ籣һذס
ӣүҪ˶ˣҪ˵ͣҲͻϸôּ
ѡһɣү˵ˣȥ֮λᣬҲǶĶ͡
С̫ཫڸɵǰæ˵
߰ɣ
ĵزҲû˿ȥעӲһ߼Ҳһ
ǡ
ͷվʱǼ˷ܵġҪжˣܲ
ߵſڵʱͻȻ뵽ʲôƵģֱͣ޵ſڡ
ϣǫʹѲ㶯ֽš
Ȼ϶Ǹɶֽţǿû֤ݣԵʱֻϣ¸ϡ
Ǳģ˭ˣ˫̥㱾ҲҪ
ῴǰѾû˻ȥʲôҲʵĻشġ
㻹ʲôʰ
ûˡ
౳Ÿҡҡͷ׼̧ų޵ʱ
ĸͻȻ˵
ˮԲУҲǱġΪҪ뱾谡
ĸ˺ѷεĺţҲֻǽȭͷȴʲôûһ֮ˣʲôҲûá
޵֮Ҳûͣ٣ֱ߳˳Ǭɸţһ·뿪
ȥ֮Ҳûţֱ˯һ֮õĶˡ
˵ûʲô˯һ˵ģ˯һɣôö˯
֮࣬Ҳˣ˶ʳһ˳Եıˬ
ڸôˣû𣬵֪ǾԹ˵ġ
²ûĻ飬Ķϵ֪˺￴
ǰʱ֪˺Ѿˣ˼ȻԽ䣬֪˺Խˡ
Ը¹ȥ֮ĵڶ죬߱㱻үԶ׽ηնڳϣȻһȳ
Ϊ߱Ĺϵ˲ٹԱ
ξЩԱĺ⡣
үȻֱӰ˸߱ôȻ油Ա׵ȻĵܵƺϿǳ˲ġ
ƺĹְһƷĴֱƷĴ䡣
Ǹۣ油ƺǰλá
ƷȻȲƺһ֮Ҳ
һƷƷĲξ
˳ǴѪˡүһλѪʹдˡ
Ҹǽˡ
⻰
쿪̷ؽգԸ¡ʱὫȱٵĲϵġ

718Ƹ

һתۣճ׵ӱ㵽ˣȻƷ඼ȥˡôճףȻҪȥҪȻ˻ΪǼûпɽ۸ء
үóʱ䡣үܲǰ˰ʱүͶˡ
үǸඨʱ䣬һҪʱ֮ǰ´ξͲȥˡ
ͷ絷⣬үûзӦʱһ̴ֱӳĵ
үץסƵġүҪסֻҡҡͷȥ
࣬Ը̧϶Ͻ
Ǻ׷һ
˹պøӭ׶飬ſںĹһء
Ԫ򸣽𰲡
˫ִû³ɣš
˻˵㼱ææȥ鷿ûдǡ
ɣ
ҵźͷߡ
ս飬㡣סáҡԺף򲻵ñ۸ˡ
Ȼ⻰ǸŸͷ˵ġҲס⻰ǸԱ߶̩¡˵ĸʡ
ԪǾϣոıǹԪգǹϲδ۸ôǹʲôǡ
ԪūŶȻúôոģܰ衣
̩¡ᶨ˽һ㣬˵ĻҲšҪȻôϽռ޹ȥء
ǺǡһΡ
ݸһЦС¹ӽӹ̧Ķù
ʱ߶ĸӱǰ
˻ؼǵϴӳ׵ʱԪ̧鱦Σֻ֪һθոļױʲô
ɲ֪ǵ˼˽̧ǰֱ֮ӱӡ
һѾһ鱦ΡϴθϱƸࡣ
ԵһҲûв죬ſ漸ӡ
ڴĿ⣬С¹ִ˵ڶ䡣
ڶһЩ޳СȻױƥܳԪŲƥɲһĲƥǸĺӡ߶ǮҲ򵽵ġ
žǵ䣬һǴ֮߶һĻᡣС¹һᣬŷ֣ĲͨһЩֻһϧĹŻ
С¹Ӵ򿪵Ʋġִͼ
С¹ӽ£Ա߷˷ԭڻѹӣССĺӲ١
С¹ַһӡȻ˵潫Ӵ򿪡߶һɫ⡣
䶫ǰġпһ䶼ЩֵֻǮˣǮҲ򲻵֣˵ġ
˾ȵĿУС¹ֽȫŻȥߵǰ
ǰױ𾪡֪߶ҲԲʲôƷ
Ҳڴ䶫ʲô
˵ڴС¹ߵĸӸǰִ̧ǡ
˶ѼƵ쳤˲򡣽ĺ͵߶ЩСһ
źüӡѵ߶ҲһЩ治ɣͬһ뷨
С¹ӽùһ
֣С¹Ӵ߶һεĺӡ˫ֵݸࡣ
ֽӹȻ򿪡벻ǣ߶Ȼһ˲Ρ˲εĸвˡ
߶һЩõҩģԺиʣźȡ
յҩģõġǣȴ߶򵽵ġ
˲˼ĻʲôźȣЩҩĿ߶Ƕõġġ
ֲùǶ裬г޳ĶԱȡ
˼Ԫг裬˼óֵĶʲô鱦Σ޳Уֻϡҩġ
˼ֻǸõƸѡ˼ҹﻹжٺö
㣬Щòšڹ²㣬ǽЩҩĴȥš
ȻոŸͷĶȫòЩʶġ
ȫڹҲڵٻ󣬳ڹĴҲ֪ݺ˹ĶǣЩҩգгһЩҩĻܾȳһҲ˵
ɵգΪĹ㶫㣬š
յĺͷСӵ˼֪ܲΪ֪ŸҪЩա
ڹ̧ܹͷϵ̫̫ҲΪ

719ûмô޳ܵ

ϾԹϱϵѴġЩ̫̫ЩķݶϡҲΪա
㡣
պͷµۿѾ죬ҲԾĳ
ϲӡϣ߸˵ĳޡ
㽫ϡԼתվ
̩¡ϻΡ׶ֿʼ뿪
Դڣһֱһ˫۾ݺݵضࡣ˫۾ǣͬһ׵ĸ
ΪյĴϲӣҲĸĸĶϱ϶ϺͻŸոռ޳ȥŮ֪á
϶ϲͷĿǰһĻ֪Ҳ©˲
ֵܳں֪֮׵ģԵʱֵܵƸĸ޻˵
϶ϿɲôΪڳ֪֣֮ĸ֡ȥҲҪһͬƸ
Ȼ֪غֵܲǵ׵ֵܣҲǱֵܡĸ׶һĸͬ׽ãӦǲֱ˴˵ġ
Թ϶֣֪ҲǸƢõġ϶ֵҲغθ
Ҳ֪أ϶ϱÿĸ鷳Ͼ϶ϵݰĸҲҽôֻܴ
ȥҪƸĸӵġ˱ں֪ó׵ʱҪһݴļױ˭֪˼ûֻһԶ
һԶͽĴӼױȣǼֱر
ԽĸԹ޵úšһԹޣͺʧȥԡ
ʱĸ㡣
һƿһԵĶϱŮֱӳ嵽ǰ
Ԫ밲򸣽𰲡
ĸǹû֮ǿڹġ
ʱĸǹؾص
ԭĸ˵ôûĸأ
Ϊĸǵͷһʱı顣
ĸԱߵλؾǰظĵްɣ
࿴һĻı飬ǿ˹϶ϵı顣
϶ϳõ㣬ֻһɿ̱ҲǸദˡ
ʱĹ϶ϣȻϹġ￴˲мŭ
ף϶ϵΪηŭ
ǻ۰ǹ϶ϣҲıϱ
ĸɵͷ͡ĸĽͣൽûоȡΪʹϵһĸǿ
϶Ҳǵһμ档ĴæҲûʲôõĶǰЩġ͵͸ɡ
˵ű㽫Լϵһժ˵˹϶ϵϡ
ͬĸ˵϶ϺôҲıϱ㿴ϵϡҲҪ͸϶һ
лʹ͡
϶Ȼһм֮飬Ĳм϶Ȼǲмġ
ֻһѣֲûԪҲǿ١ֻһԶϱһӵΡ
϶ı鱻ྡ۵ףҲֻüͷѣûзϡ
ϵ¶ܹȥ͵ˣαؽμһ˷ϡ
ֻ׷ɲ˾ôԸⲻ֮
˵ʱС׵ʱǸϺ͸һһƸء
϶ϵͷҲ̧ôֱĸ˵
ȻҼүС岻ֵܡǣĸȷ׽áţôֵܣӦͬŶԡ
˹϶ôһ˵ʲô˼ˡǾļˡ
ǵϺ͸һĸ׽áǺ֪صֵܣֵܡ
ĸиĸӣҲûпǹ϶һƸ
Ͼĸ˺þõáŵȻչһĸʵ̫ʧˡҲ
ֵܱϾǱֵܣȲֵܡ˵ظûءԲǱ⣬֪أ϶˵һ˵벻ǣ
ֻһ仰㽫϶Ƕµ޻˵
϶޻˵ĸ޻˵
ﵹûظǵһ㡣ýҲһˡ
ýҲˣΪ㣬ǲҲøýһױأ
ϾǱýҲ̰ģ͸սһͳɡ
ĸ˵Ż̰ĵĿࡣȻҶӴ̡вǮơЩǹģǮҲ򲻵

720Ԫﱻ

ҲһûеԽСȫµ˶֪ǼҺ͹ܳԪǱָо
౻ĸ˵ֻҪһˡΪԼ֪ü档ͽˡ
ҲǼ˼İ˶ѡ̵ٺôǺЦ
ԹŮޣױǸĸеĳ׼û˸ĸҲɩ׼ɩûˣҲԼ׼
ûñ׼޸׼ġ
಻һ׶ˡǽ첻֪ôģĸܹ϶ϼ䲻ҪĻͷۻġ
ŵĻһһĶĸСΪĸ仰ĵģԲŲָо
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722ү

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ƤЦⲻЦöˡҲһ

723ԭϲ

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ʱүͬƺ첽Ϣķ䡣߶ѾȦȦΧˡ
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ǰߵүǰˡһүǰ

725иȻӦ

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727Ⱥֺü

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729ըóԻǸԺó

ү˵ʲôأôģƤӿɲЩƽõĲϡǿɶһЩôڵϵ̺أ
겻ÿڣȴûʲô˵ģͷүүΪЩƤ·ϵĴײˡһһһһ
ôүһȻҪϺõġ
үһۣҵ͸һ
ȻûУôȥⷿǰʱ䣬ŻƤԪá
үЩ֮ҪõģǴصġȻãôļֵ
ǡ
ѾֲˡһŻƤ𣿱͸Ԫǿֻϻǰĸ
ҸﻹôһֱڲֿֻܵҧˡϿɲὫƤ͸Щأ
಻֪ŻƤʲôģΪһСƤѣǵʱŴ㵲ѡ
һСƤٸֻϻһЩʱչƶܳɾˡƤ̯һС
ŻƤϵëرģɶǼůġүȴŵӡ
ҪǱ˿˷ˡ඼ûô࣬ȻүãŰɣܵĲֲɵ
ŻƤˡ
Ҳү˵ʲôϽױ¡һүʲôƵġ
һױһһԺȲү
үſˣ
໹ûأĹС
ҳˮƲһۡ
Ϊүһⶼ˲ء
үŶٵЦ⣬޲óԼơ
죬Ǻĺ֪ʡ
Ǻǡ
εЦЦԴӦүĳЦ
ˣ㿴Ц粻ЦȻӶ˱˴Źүһ
ʵү˵ûϡΪҪʱţһ糯
ү֪ģϲ˯ôʱ϶û𣬼ȻûôϿ϶Ҳûţպһš
ǡ
ͷæԸһԵȥš
˵ʰ׵Ǳ߶ʳҲѾ
һЩƽɫ򵥵СС֮ģʵֻ֪Ŵó
Ϊڹﻹûм˳ЩҲ֪Ŵ
ʱ򵽵û
һʳүȻ໹ԵĶࡣ
಻ɵÿʼɡүǲרŵģ
ǻûʳأүȴȿˡ
ţԵе͡ȥ߰ɡ
үϣһֶ²һڡ
үô˵౾ʳڵĻҲˣʹӦү
ۣүȥĻ԰þöûȥˡ
ͷԴԲ԰֮ûȥ԰أҲ֪԰Ǹʲôӡ
˵߾ߡһūźƺƵĳ԰ȥ
ȥ԰˲ʱ˶˷
˼ҲƯƯȥ԰ͻ
ү԰ʱѾϽӽˡȻѾϵĴ̫ʱɹûǻġ
ûþͤš
ࡱ
ʱһ˵ĶԻ
ү˳ֳ˳ĶӡȻǴ߶ġ
үôһҲβѡûгԶ٣ŵʱһɶĸСֲӰүšԲһûһڵĳš
ôʱˡԶǲ¶
ˣ
үüȴûгЦ˼ȻүǸˣҲ֪Ůڻеʱ׶ġǳ࣬˴ŵ԰š
˵ȴŵʱͤ߶һһĲ
ȥôõͿһֺֻ֪˺
ֻ֪˺ƺоעӣеĸ𾢶ˡ
үֵĿŶԾԾԵ֪࣬⵽ڸʲôֻһĳǿŴ
ôˣ
ү֪ȻҪࡣ
ү˵ֻ֪˺ը˺óأǸء
಻֪˵Լ뷨Ϊﶼֻ֪˺ԽԽԽԽʹſˮ
ţͻȻоͷһĶƾоӦһֻơ

730ǣ޲Żᰲ

ôһ£࣬תͷȥү
үôˣ
ȴֻүһֵ
үǲǷˡô˵һЩǲôܳأǿǳӡ
үһ㵣ǵؿࡣպͿˡΪүû˭Գأʲôըԣ붼ĵĲˡ
Ǻǡүֻ˵ġôܳأǲǣ
ֻѹסԼҪ̿ˮ֪һȺܵɵ
Ⱥɵ֮СĳЩ֪˺ᱻȺɵΪɵеɵˡ
ôһ£үɫöˡֻ˵滹ãǧҪ뷨ΪүоԼܲˡ
¶ʱͤ˼ˡԣӦ˵һˡ
ЩȻġҲǳүġ
ͷıڣĺ߶Žڣжδˣһ벻ˡǴٹĶˡ
ү߶ˣ곣ڣڣү밲
߽ͤү
תͷȥȻͤ߶վĸ֦չŮˡ
ãɿԿóǾĴġҲǱүġɡ
˭֪໳ˣôȻޣʱȻǱֵʱǱүУǿɾµһˡЩȻȿֺ
ʲôǲ޲Ű
үû˵ҪΪ֪ЩŮ˴ʲô⡣ûһġ
ūųȥλС뿪
ͷ죬˼һ϶ܺǧһأһԪﲻ֡Ҳ֪ôģֻ⻰ɲ˵ˡ
үͷصͷ˳ȥ
߶˿ɶΡˣǰһŵ
үɴǽýȥ
ʻǽڣһ޻ǰТѾȴֻ̤̤ȥ벽
Ѿˡǰ죬紫Ž
ΪϴĴѹ߱󣬸պø߱һ¹Ҳǣ
񱻱ְλ䵽һССľƷ֥١ԴҲʼû䡣
뵽취õϵĳ谮»ӡôҾˡȻԸ⿴Ľҡ
ԪС̺ϡĻᵽˡжô谮ֻҪһӰŮôܾ˽ңܽڹ
ؽСү߶ԪԪУǲ߶̫ӡ˻λСȥ
˵ĻǱȽίġܲ˵˵ˣǱİɣ
ȻˣǽñȥˣŻϺԪ
һ̬ûж⵽еȡЩ˲Žȥôô˵ģýߡ
ūŹλС
ȻЩʶȤȻˡ
Ҫʰ꣬ΪʲôԪ߶ʰ㲻öӽȥء
׼Щ뿪ʱһСԴСԴȻ˵ˡ
Ϊոһֱ͵͵ĶһֱûзĴڡ
ôһ˵֪ô͡
ʰԪ߶¶Ǳ㲻ȥˡ
˵Ҫǣ뿪ֱǣ֣񲻱ֱӴԱ˹ȥ
ʰʰꡣ
СҲСǵǺܻ顣ЩŮ̫׷ֱӴܵүǰ
ôˣ
үüͷꡣôһ˾ܵأ߶ûһūŸ
Ǹһġ
ҲղŲ˵˴ڣڣڣ밲
һүղŸûŬŬ죬ʾү߶
ɻվŸոյˡȴһŵӡ
Ԫ˵ĶԡǸһ԰ġû뵽ʰꡣΪʲôʰ겻أ
û뵽İ˳ˣ⵨ҲһЩǰǲͬү˵ģ񵽺ãүˣ֪ǸñأǸأ
Ӧ鷿ô԰أ
үüͷʣΪйǰƵġǰΪ裬үǰˣԼ
ʱүˡһĻɲǸһģһѹҲɡԼҲܻɡ

731ίү

үˡ˺磬Ǵɺϡ
ڽǣҲɺϡ
ӽЩԣûöȥ鷿
վŵүԱ߶Ҳ͸յү򴦸ߡһ˫۾һգգĶү
ԭˣôп̫ҽ
ϾҲү׶ӣү˵ǼٵģȻүϲˡԲȥ˵޹ү缰һȥĵš
˵ĸ֮Ҳеġүһ糿еԡеĵʵ
ʰģ̫ҽ˵Ϊԭ򣬱öӶˮ
̫ҽ˵ʹʹԡΪʹ˳ԪĻ衣˵ʲôЩʲôιܣ
˵˵ŻҡͷԵġʵԼҲס˵үס
˱԰ɻ
ʳⱱǵĶȷʵĺܣ³͸ɣŶ쵽ǲôԡ
ȻǺȻЧҲĵֿȽϺá
ţ
ͷͶ˺ö໨䡣׼ȥʱǡԾһʰ밲
Ȼˣ񹫹ǽɡ
үĶӡ಻ˡ屧ܰȻ
ⶬȵĻ裬ɲ˵԰һЩ䣬ȥɱ衣
Ҫ»ξҪһЩջ裬ٸ߶ϼűǡǲֹȵĹܡ
ЩҲûʲô˽صģȻΪ磬ô֪Ҳ޷
ǡ
ҡҡͷԪ
ȥǽ
밲򸣽𰲡
Ҫǻڸǰô˵밲󣬾ֻǸ밲һɲ밲ģ밲ƶѡ
ֻүˣֻǸ˸Ǽ
ɣ
үһ£˹ԹԵվԡ
ȻǴ԰ɻġô켸䡣
֪үͬЩ˵ġôȻнģȻ͡
ղűҲ˵ˡ˲ɻΪ˸ֹáôͶЩջȥɣϱǣÿзãЧ
ԷǳԸ˵һ䡣û˱˽ֻá˵ЩǼֱ٩٩̸˵ǽһüɫġ
лָ̣治֪ЩֻǲһЩÿĻꡣ
Щӡ˼˵û뵽ȸ軹ôŵ
Ȼ֪ˣôڱ硣²Щջȥɡ
үĿģѾﵽ
һ۶뿴ЩŮˡЩһʹ޲ýϡָоүĺܡ
Щʧ䡣˵ȻҲʧ䡣Ϊܽ϶ٹ磬ȥĹҲСʱ˵ܷʲô
˭֪һ㱻
˸˰񡣱ʮСŮ롣϶һӣڵǱһӸšʲô
ǹ⿴ЩӣȻҲף߶װʳˡ
źүš
ජЩӿʱͻأһһ
ôˣﻹһڣһֱû˵͵һֱôڶߺ
ҲֻһǸҵıүˡΪһֱվүҲһԶ
һȥֱӽүĶ
һʱүֻˡ
ү㶵Ŀ⡣ֵͬģүǱɵ˰ɣҿŶڲó裬Ҫүǵ÷˲ɡ
ðιȥүˡǳŭһžӡ
ž
޽ڴȥԺû¶úõشٹٿڹתôޱ㽫Ϊˡȥס
үǸŭ˼ҶҲûʲô¶Ҫ𷣣Ҳûɡ
үֻöû¶ٹﲻҪŵνɲҪŵˡ
ǻгڣɲܱɤŶŵˡ
ּ
ڷǳί챾ġ˵һ仰ͱϸٹڻʹתûϿ
Ҫô裿Ҫôޣû޾ͲܻУ»ӻŮ빬ʲôöûУ
ŶίүŻúܡĶûίءڷί

732кӦ

ڱͻٹ˼״ҲҶһϴõľԼǿľˡ
ϣ̸أ
˸Ͻ˰񡣻Ų·ĳ԰͸԰߶ʲôˮ׷һ
˶뿪үſʼš
࿴ǰЩɫζȫķˡȻһʱ֮ûθڡӶùСǾǳԲȥ
үƶĿŶҲࡣղŲǻĹôʳȴӣ
ϲԵˮ㡣
үһӺ޵⣬ȫžˮ
ҲȷʵˮˣӽеԼһһζֱζ١ôζڲסζ
ء
ཫԵµĿү
ôˣ̵𣿡
үæǵգ۵ʵ
ҡҡͷ
̫ˡ
үʡûгԣ⿴ţͮͮͣɶܸоһοѾԵء
ҡҡͷ
үˣֲֲôأ
صζ
쿴үζʵ̫ˡ͸оһһ㡣
ȣôζأ
ѵŷûкúô㣿ҲӦѽŷ޲ýĹǴһ޳ˣôܲúأ
үɻĿСִˮмгһС⡣
̽ƵķŽүһ˿ζûгζүͺˮ
үȻûٳرģүǻᾴԶ֮ģΪʵڽܲˡ
ûССζС
үÿ˵־͡Сһ¡Ȼͺһˮ
ʵڲΪʲôرϲĸоʵڲôá
ôûأҲҪԡ
üͷܲ˵ľֺζǰŶ£οԵǶǽܲ˵ġ
񣬳ȥ
Ȼ಻ϲˮ㣬ôҲûɽ˼ϡ
⣬ϲˣүصŷ׼ġ
ү˵żһٻɫ飬ŽС
ѹסԼҪŻµּŽζ
ү״æԸˣһ̹˵ǰ
ڵ൱ڹġ¶ȣȻϲԡô˵ҡ
Եڶڵʱ򣬱ʵҲ̲סˣһ죬Ȼ۾ѰҿŵС롣ڽ׽Ĺµ
үŲĲԾѾĲСǾǲԸЩûζƫ˵ζ
⹾ҲϲԵģξȻֻһĵ˳
ô˴ҽ
ү֪ô¶ԸæҪȥ̫ҽ˲Զôܳŵסأο໹С
үҪ̫ҽæֹһɵĶľүѾгڡ
죬оõ֮Ŷү˵
үû£
죬һַֻӡ
ôû¶أҲԣҲԣ˾¡ôܵסأ
ү۵ĵΪŻ¶԰׵ࡣ
үĵģ෴ݸһЦǰô¶Ѿˡ
ǻÿиҪ𣿹ͻõүͬү˵أүż
ʹ̫ҽȻ˾ʹɡ̫ҽҲС
ֻǻкⷴӦһ¾û¶ˡ
һ˽ͻ¶е˼˵ͨɡֻ˵ǻеⷴӦүҪġ
ʲô˼˵Ҫһ𣿡
үŵĵɴ˫۶ࡣȻӵİˡǵʱ໳һ̥ʱûַӦ
ڸϺ͹϶Լʺ󡣻磬磬İʱ
үûжעǣҲ֪һ¶
Ż¡ҲүһμиַӦο˵Ҫһ¡ѵÿŵʱ򶼻ô˺ͶСôܵأ
ô˵үǼҪ̫ҽûлķܲһֱôȥɣ
ڵ̫ҽү˼ϲԵʳ

734ֻܳ£˳

һһԽ˳˽ȥûãͨĺ̽ȥģȫϡﻩˡ
үļûа취ֻܲסضΧūŷƢ
̫ҽôҪкã
ŵΧūͳͳڵءĺ󱳵֮⣬Ҳͤӿڴ
ϢŭϢŭ
ЩūŵϿǺٷŭģοΪ˺
ĻϡǵСĸΰͣض»һȥˡ
үû£ġ
죬Լæοү֪еʱµ׼Ҫĸױ޵һγ̡
ɵϣôܡүۡ
үΪŻ´ķ˿쵽
Եūûз֡ǣؿүۿ֪үġ
ĸԸݿ࣬үºӡ
΢ү밲Ԫ밲
ĿӵʱͤӿڴһϵǱСӼæ̫ҽ̫ҽʰʱ򣬻
ЩҲǵģûͷӵĲסһˣ̫ҽԺɱ԰
̫ҽȻ̫ıԹҲҶŻϷɧ˭ִƴĻأ
Ԫơ
ү̫ҽæ˹
̫ҽôżһ⡣ѵԪ̥ˣǿɾʹ²ˡ
˲֪϶Ԫ顣̫ҽ׵ĺܡеľսиһ
ڻ˵̫֮ҽ͵͵һۡ
ֻȻɫ԰סǲûпκεĲʣ²ƽ
Ӳ̥⡣
֡
̫ҽϥǰҽҩóһרõСͷ·
Ȼ̫ҽģָϣϸ
ι̫ҽʣϿԪ岢ûʲô⣬̥ǿ
̫ҽֿʼ
ﲻʣ
Ȼûʲô⣬ôżģô̫ҽֻˡ
ⶼ
үŭ඼µɫ԰ˣ̫ҽȻʲôûүŹأ
Ϣŭǿ⡣
̫ҽæͷүڵϡ
Ρүľһˡ֮ȻܴϿүôһ˵Ϊ˼̫ҽ
Ҫ̫ܴϿΪµĹϵô͸óΪҽˡ
ʱĸ̫ҽΧ
̫ҽĪšֻоʱʱҪŻ¡Ȼһζմá˻ϲ̫ҽơ
ΪûŻµԭ򡣲԰׵Ͻ˺ΡɫࡣƽѾˡ
̫ҽĻһʵίúܡи¶ô𼱻ǵĴҲ˵ûų
û㿴ԪŲҪô¡
үֻҪһ뵽Ҫһ¡ѹƲסԼŭ𡣻ôһү̫ҽ취¡
үиġֻҪʱˡ
̫ҽҲûа취Ҫа취ôиͲ֮ܵ
Ȼ֪Ҫ취ԪҪһֱȥ
үѾ˱ŭıԵ̫ҽ˵ʲôõĻүȭͷҪ̫ҽţƵˡ
үıƢֻĬĬ̫ҽ
үô˵̫ҽΪˡô취Ȼ³Բ¶ôֻܴܳµĶඡ
ٵóԣҪȻ˺Ͷ̥ܲסġ
ػϣ΢ʵΪֻܿʲôʲôһ쾡ʳ֮͡һҪٳһ㶫
̫ҽȻֹͣŻ¡ҲЧά壬
ûа취
̫ҽô˵ŭүףз̫һ˵ܿࡣ
˵ֻһµ֮ˡ
ûа취΢ԸһЩƢθҩﱣֺõθڡ
ֻҪθںˣ£ٳԣҲû̫Ӱ졣
ү̫ҽ˵ûĪҪڵˡԺԼϲԵĶԵһҾʹĳԣһûгԵȫϡ
ô˵ǰοүʵҲôġ

735һ뵽ƨװʲô

ɲһԸίԼˡһ³ԲϵĺöôҪܳԵʱʹԡ
̫ҽַӦүֻܻӻ̫ҽȥȻ໹ʲôһûгԶҪԵ㶫а
ʲôүŷȥ
үô˵໹룬ֺóԵԺһ
ÿһԣڼ˵ڵʱ˽ȥֻҪһ뵽ҪǳԵָоһġ
˼ȥ۾ϵֻ֪˺
ɲͬү˵ը֪ˡ
ǳԵɣ
໹Ǿȵɡү϶֪˵ġ
ľүĵһҪΪûп࣬ո͵͵ϵֻˡ
ʲô֮ģܽܡϻе⡣үǲˣ֪ʲôóԵġ
һԴ򣬳ӲӲĿǣӦþװεĴƨɡүûϸо
һ뵽ƨ߶װʲôү£æҡҡͷȥ룬ʡԼһˡ
ŷ׼ָ˹
Ȼ࣬ôүŷ֡ʡֲϲˣĿζԡ
ٶҲ졣Ϊŷʱʱ̶̿Ҫ׼ЩСˡԷλҪˣⲻ͸ϻϺԪţࡣ
֮ү¶ȣȻŸʢһС
˹̽ź˼ڣоԡϽһСȹ⡣ʡһûθ˷ˡ
ү״¶ϲõЦݡָʢһζࡣ
߲ܡ͸ֺȲĲһһ¶ǸͲһ֮󣬱ҡͷܾٺˡ
ˣүҲûڱ࣬źһͳˣû뵽룬Ѿˡ
Ա֮࣬˫۽үŪүĪĽ
ôˣ
үȥתת԰ɣ
ţȻڳ˾͸Ͻ˶˶öĶʡһ³ϧġ
ţǾ߰ɣ
ү¸ոĿӡһֱ࣬ԼûгԶ١
Աˣү׼š
һô˵ү¿ӣȻҪȥתת԰ôүȻҪ㵽ס˵һĵŷһʳ
һ¡
ҪվүȻԱҪȥ˶ʡһ³Ҳ֪Լûء
ţ
үĿ࣬˵Ҫȥתתôأ
үûأ
ŬŬָʳΪŻµĹϵǰ̫ҽʳҲˡ
񣬸ϴ´š
ˣүͬһȵϡͳɡ
үڰ֡ʱڴŹƵһʱˣֱӳЩϡء
үԼҲôʳ
ү˵Ҳ֣ԼԼʢһ롣𼱻ǵĳꡣүȵż
Ȱ˼޹ֻ֮ܰˡȴۼˡүôأ
ӶҲ¶һ⡣ǾŵʱүԱҪȻһôүûóˡ
˳Ա֮ȥ԰ൽû³ֱү
Ϊ֪ݵϰߣȻһֱͬ죬үҲƤ
Ž˻ȥ
һȥˣθڱøˡȻһҪΣÿγԵĶ³
үȹϵϣҲûа취
Ѿʮ¶ˣ໳ҲһˡΪԵĶ١еϡ
Ժɹ̫ûҲȥˡֻ
ֲ̫ˡ˰߶
үʱࡣһΣϸࡣ
һ㶼糯֮үţȻִ뿪˯
ʱүǻһˡݵƽʱֻҪУүĵĲУǵ
֮үֻĵ£ϵʱүֻ֮㲻ˣһ
ŵʱʱ䡣үҪˡ
أſڱ㴫ŲҲʱô˵ôֻүˡ
Ȼ֮䣬ſڱ߽һƵү

736еŮǲ

үԵҪȴ첽үѹϡ
ɺáԺҲҪˡ
ү۵Ŀźࡣַˣ˵¾£үʵûа취ˡ
໳Сү֪໳кܡôʱԼ͸һ¹ȥˡ
עûҩġٺڣҲûа취ҲѾһСһүֻСһԺҪ̫ˡ
ү˵Ļķ˸ۡүʲôʱй񡣳Ǽε֮⡣
ֻΪʵܣҪһѡ
ôˣСһû㣿
ү˵۾Ķӡں޲ֱӽ߶Сһ
үƵĿ⣬Ͻ˫ԼС
ʵڲףүǺĺӣΪʲôʱ䣬ÿμ˶һ֣ү޵ĸоأ
ܹԣүĪҪġ
ʵԼⷽҲǺ⡣˳Գ¡ӪġҪȻôµиôܻƽƽºأ
Ǿͺã綼ʲô
ү԰Աߣ§ס
Χūż״һĬĬصͷ뿪˼ԶλáȲˣֿźˡ
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ҲϰˡԼ͵ϡү渵
Щ£һϡ࣬Сӡ
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ûôһҲҪţ͸оһġ
ԼڸһͷһΪ˳ԷүԱΪôʶ
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үæ಻ͣĺ󱳡ΪӿտҲʲôҲû³ǸŻ
ȶĵɾȥˣæһˮԱ߻˼ӡ
˿֮󣬱㽫Ӻ
ӻġЧĻĶĸСҲֻǻ⣬α겻α
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үŸܣ޲໳еˡ˵еСԼ
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౳αϣﺬӣĵүһۡ
ûүأ˼ôãСƢһ¾ˡ
ƢͲôáñֿ˵˻үһίһ
ټϣӵζɾµıǵζ
Ķĸˡһ߸Żţۿ죬ԽŻԽίԽίԽŻγһѭһʰ
ԹԣүĴү˵㿴ܵģˡүҲΪ
үæ۵ذοࡣһ֣Լؿڴ
èһʹһҲҲ첻ʲô˺
Լ۸ᡣ
ϡүʲôҲ˵ˡԼ˵ľ仰ǵ಻죬ʱŻ²ֹǿɾ鷳ˡ
ү˵ˣȤˡҲ˵԰
үʲô
үܵһ仰ŵࡣ˼Ҹûаʣүһ
ﲻɵðֹôԼţŻ²ֹԼȴʲô¶ûأ
ү޶һ뷨ǾǻеŮǲá˵ҲǴ˵ҲǴ˵ĲҲǴ
ģ
үĻشֻ˳࣬˵ɶͳɶ˵ʲôʱԣʲôʱԡ
Ǹ
үôһ˵¶Цݡ漴һָ
үָķȥľԺǿô
үһʱеɻѵӲɣǾϻЩҲû԰

737ǿү

ֻ뷨үԺһ㱻үԺ
Ȼүؿһָķ򡣴Ҷķ϶үһֻſϢ֪ˡ
ε̾һ˵˵ȥҪֳӡ
ھȻԼ޷ܾ⼸ΨһҪԵĶ˰ˡȻǾͳ԰ɡ
үȥ׽
ҪĿһۡ˵ôһ䡣
Ѿүܾ̬ȡ͵үӦˣһʱȻûӦ
ôڲ
үЦĿŴ㶵ࡣô𣿾Ȼɵ㶵Ŀ
үһԼȳ׷ôܹأ
æҡҡͷòүӦˣôܷεĻأڳԲϣôƽٳԲ֪ˡ
Ѿʮ³ˣ֪˶޼ˡ׽ֻѾˡ
죬С¹үүȥ׽
ᵽ֪ˣ˾Ҳٵģ
æָС¹ȥ׽֪ˡԼͷϵֻеȸȸԡ
ȴүһסԭλá
ϣүСڣͣɡЩ¶ȥͳɡ
үڵľֹˡǰֱˡòȡ
үοġлٰ࣬ɰɵõ̫ˡ
ڴСŹ˰ʱңһӽ
ؿ߶ʮֻҵ֪ˡ
үǰ
үūŽʹץ˸飬ֻץЩ
ү߶һֱе֪ˡĿһࡣⶫʲôóԵģ
˷ܵؿŶҲץֻҡ
û뵽ôֱץʮֻôһץƽĻʹҲ֪˵Ľˡ
ôԣ
үʵ벻֪˸ôŻóԡ
ըըóԡ
ĦȭƣԾԾԡ
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үǳ顣ֻ˲ǻгأ֮Ķôȫֱӳ
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үһۡһҲүãڿɵϡ
ȻҪȥצͳʸȡȥ࣬Ȼưʱڷ͹ըը΢Ʊɡ
һ˵һ߶ʿˮǰ֪Ѿһը֪ˣȻǰʱԹһΣǻ໹˽ġ
ȥŷԪ
үڰ֡ˣѾջˣʱٱЩ֪һۡ
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ӹ˳ӶƶĿ⡣
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үûֽ˻˵˵ģڵ˼ȫը֪ϣйүҳأ
ү״Ҳ˵ˣ˵ʲôҲûȥ˵ʲôأ
˾ôԺɹ̫΢硣
ҲһʱҲǰʱҲһʱ䣬ȵˡżԶһ״̹ˡ
󻹸ŲٹŮӣ˳Ÿˡ
ֱ֮ӳ޵еƫȥȲүһ·׷ȥ
үʵ̫ˣѾľˣקţƫ
Ҳүڡֱӳ˹ը֪˼ȥүûпը֪ǸʲôӵʱһѾ¶ˡ
ڶѾĿϣүſը֪˵ȫò
΢΢Ƶ֪ˣѾûˣצӺͳһӼƵĵİӡ
ôôġ
ԣ֨֨
ཫ֪˷Ž¾׽үëȻ
ֻܾҪȻʳǿˡ
óԡүҲһ׼үζ
ү˼ʱͻȻүߣ֮һ΢Ƶ֪˵үǰ
ҪүáʱѾˤԶԶˡ
ǺǣүԣүЩɡ
үЦǣǿæԼࡣֻˡ
У顣
಻мĿүһۡ˵һˣЩ˵ȥأ
ү˵顣ȴûа㷴Ӧͽ飬ôĵĶ޸ˡ
һʳġ֨֨жȹҪүǿĶˡ
ˣԵԼ˺þõĶҲûмʲôŻ²ֹ
ү֣඼ȲѣѵҲӰ첻ɡ
ô˵û¾Ǻ£

738Ų

ΪµĹϵһ¶ûôүˣ㴫Ϻϱ»ࡣ
ΪϺ͸϶ƽʱùϺĶ㡣
תۣϾѾҶ׷ˣʮһµϾѾʼָġ
֪ǲΪеԭоرη䣬ʮһ³Ѿ̼
յůģõ̼ǼõĽ˿̼ȼյʱû̫ζ
ˣȴȵܡ
Žʱ򣬾ʹĺ̼ϣôܲء
ų㣬䣿
ЯӣĲȥͷϸܵĺ顣
ɲΪˣŸ䡣
յĶôӵĹ۾æ˽¯̧ȥ

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ѾůˣȻη䣬ǲѽһѬĺͮͮģҲû֨
ɲһ˽ˣɲԼˣ˵ůͣһʱҲ䲻ȥһˣٽ¯̧ˡ
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ûĵһֻۣһ֮УӶࡣ
ȥϣǶôһˣûж𣿡
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ĪҪģ㿴ɩĸ֮УҲǹ˰֮òŻϵġ
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ҲСˣһ˽˸Ϊպ͹ϸճףȻҪʲôǰԺԺҪʲôԺƫԶġ
ǳԼ̩¡ԺӶȥġȻϷϲôˣǲܶɣ
첻ԸջûߵԼԺӣͱһʮ߰긾󻹸ʮ߰Ůӡ
˱̩¡ĶʯϣҪ˵ʯǰҲǴĸΪʱ̩¡İҢս
˵λҲͬһ㣬Ȣʯϵĸ񣬿ǺҢң̩¡İ򷴶ҢվӺүߣҢˡ
ʱ̩¡ż꣬ӺүҪ̩¡İ꣬ʹ˲ٶϡ
㹻һƽƽĹһΪʯϹˣԣһʱ֪ƣԹϿʼ·ֱ̩¡Ϊǰɫ
ִȥˣ
ʯſ㲻ǺܺáѾϰˡ
Ҫջ˵
Դճ֮󡣵ڶ쵱ȻҪȥʯϾ裬ԵҲûʲôֱʱʯϾȻСװһ˵Ҫһס

739һ

ȻǲԸġʱǳ֮ʱ˵ˡʯסլ̩¡סԺ
ⲻģǵּġ
ȻһҪġȻ̫ͬסڻʹ˰¾ͼһ档ìʲôҲǷǳļҡ
֪Թϱദ˱үּʯסլպ̩¡סԺ
ǣų׵졣ʯϱСģԺߡ
յȻܵ˵ԡֻ˽ʯȥȻ̩¡
Ȼ̩¡ĶȰ˻ȥֻʯϱ
ֻǰֳѣеջǾãʯ϶н١
ﰲ۳㣬Ŵϱ㳤㡣
նʯ΢΢ϥٲ뿴ʯϣɱϾ̩¡׶
ϳ谮ԪҲҵĸȻҲǹϵĸ
ʯϵͷȻеĽ٣Ҳ壬ĸͬǰĽ٣ϡͿġ
ʯֻ֪Ԫڻǰó衣ǹϲлͷءĶ̩¡ڻǰ
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ֻʯȽ̩ܲ¡ڷﴵɡ
ʯıͷҪĶϱҪģܶ졣ȻղסԺ¶
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ʯǵĻյ֮Ҳ֮ڡ
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ҪЩױվʯ̩¡ĶҲѡѾļױ֮и˲ٶ
ǰ죬ջ̩¡ƥӣƥǴļױóġ
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κ̼α̩¡ãֻĹѡ
ʲô˼̼СȻҪЩ·Щ
ʯϲüͷҪĶϱĻڿˣվֻñǣôأ
ӴɩɩǲԸˡ
̼ʯϴŮȻĶһģ̳ġƢҲһģһ
ϲԼĹϲ˵İķС
ȻҲͲϲˡҪտԸǹʱҫôܻԼĸȥһŮӡ
̼Σ֪ģɩɩ˼
©ΪѣԴ˹̼ξʹϲΪԼ˳ź̼ΣԵõϿɣմˡ
ֻ̼ҪЩױʱ򣬲Żɫ
ƽʱԺʯ߶ǸѾߺã
Ҫ˵ѾߣոѹΪѾ˵ʯϵѾߣʵ˵˴Сһ𳤴顣
ѾʮʯϹ֮ѵŮФ
ȻʯϵĹ֮ѣô϶ҲˣФҲֻڵֶѣǰʲôջĲ֪
ȻɩɩǸ˼ǰɩɩӣҺФһ·ûˣɩɩٸǼƥɡҪ
̼˫һ̯һģͲˡոҲôҪȥúø״ɡ
˺̼⻰սĿתʯϱվŵŮϡ
ŮӱǺ̼οФˣ˳òžеĴҹ㣬ֻ˫ȴ͸¶һ˿
ʹ˶ˣ⿴˵ı쵽һ
ԴФ𣬱֪ŮӲһˣԼֻļ޽ϵ¸ԣҲû˵ʲô
ʱФϴŵѣǰո̼εġ
ʱؿһһơ

740ĵ׵ʧ

ʱؿһһơ͸ĶǶģԼ᲻ãȴȻó͸̼ΣȻû뵽˼㲻⣬һˣôǰкá
Ȼô룬ȴ֪ôܾЩˡ
ﳤģȻȲ࣬һڹѧֶΣһꡣ
¶Ӳô
սʾ֭ôЩ˵ʱߴ̩¡
գ˵ˡ
ſڳһͦθߴΡ
Ӣѣ٣ǣü˵ĵֳۡҲȵҵˡֲܱտϡ
̩¡ûյĻػ̧ȥеš
̩¡ڹﵱģȻࡣҲԼҶǸʲôԣ
һҲײ١
ôпչ
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ƶ˵ģǶӵļңȻҲǶļң
̩¡΢΢һЦȴûȥʯţյԣյ˫֡
˼ԣվܷġ
̼Ҳˣ
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ǺǡС˼̫ǲֵɩɩĶˡ
̩¡ûĵ˺̼һۡʲôãһ㡣ϲŴԼǵȫ鱦ˡ
ҪԼ׶á̩¡ԼҲǡ
ô˵̼أȻɩɩ޸˸磬ôɩɩĶȻǸģ̼ξͲʸҪʲô𣿺̼οɾ͸һ硣
̼αС첻˵ǰĸɲһ㶼Ҫʲôͻʲô
Դռ޸֮ҪʲôӡȥҪϲǲŹء
̩¡̼˵ûǺ̼ε׸磬õ㶫ʲô
ʯͻȻˡԺ̼Σ̩¡ܾܾһʯϿڣ̩¡һ¶ǲܾġ
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Ҫ˵̩¡ʲôáΨһõı̫Т˳ˡʱТ졣̩ܲ¡̫Т˳˰ɣ
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ФĿ⣬նеףĿⲻǵԴ̩¡ʱĿһģһ
ŻôϲФġԴФԼɷŮˣû鷳ˣФɫ
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˵ҪյǼƥӣ˵֪̩¡ʱȻӲܱš
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Ŀ뿪̩¡תյ˫֡˫дǸ⡣
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Ȼ˵޷ﵽЩ١ǷޣɷǮȴûмʲôӣܸ˵
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̧̧յСϵʧ֮顣ջء㱻̩˸顣
̩¡һۣҲû취ѵԼҶõ
ҪͷҪĺã̩¡ȻԼһС
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̩¡˵ŴԼǰͳ˼ƱյƳſȻԼƱհ۵˫ϡ
ղ˼Ŀ⼸Ʊд˸ˡ̰ͼЩƱļױ߶һֵЩ

741û

˵̩¡һθƱ
ɵϣҵӣɷ׬ǮȻҪܡ
̩¡ЦֻؿڵգҵŮֽСһࡣȻҲǡ
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һˡ˼ȢŸȻʲôͻȲ֮ᣬʯӡ
Ӷûãϱ֪ʯϵΪˡ
˴ջʱѾʮһѮˣҲСѩ
ս֮ϵĶϻһ㱡ѩ
ҲҪֱӳԼҶԺӶȥ
Ȼڼ˳ȥﻹԼԺӡ͸û޳ȥһģһġֻס߶ѡ
Ůʲô£
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˵ȻǻõĸϡȻ֪ʲô£ǿԼŵɫ֪ʱǲ˵ġ
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Ϻɸֵָաųģɲȥ˼Ҵĥġ
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һͬʯЩֻվƵһ
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ʱձ⾩Ĳ෹̸Ȼϲġ

742ĵү

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һֱĬͻȻˡƲģһڱ˵ص㡣
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ȴõƢԡѾס˵ʲôҲˡֻϣϸ˲һͿˡ
ȻˣҲ˵ʲôҼǵá²ҪԼίҲܺ¶ʯ϶Ÿɡ
ȥҪһЩ֮˱ǡɲùԪڲˡ
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үصģʱүûɽҪȻ˿̵Ϳݣߺ̼ͣĲС
࿴ȥˡæѯ̫ҽԼûʲô⣬үųˡ
̫ҽкβף
Ϊү̫ҽĲԾȻҲˡ
Ŷȣǿûκβ֮
̫ҽջԼ֣״æǰϵ

743˫̥

ֻǣ
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үһᵽɤ۶
޾㣬Ҫһ˵꣬ޱ㽫ϳնˡ
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̥ȷʵû⡣ֻǻ˫̥
Ǹո̫ҽüԭΪղŲȷ̫ҽŰʱ˵
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ү˼ĶĶӰΣתͷ̫ҽϢү˵ֱǻģǺõġ
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үֻȥתתȥƽԼ궯顣
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ҩֶûеһĳ̶ȣǲҪҩġ
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Ҫ߶ѡһԸ̥ǳҩ
ȻᳫѧڱϾִûִôƵҽϵֻ̫ҽĽ顣
ڵԴӡǺھ̫صĻôһҪҩųɡ
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ڵ껹пܻеġ
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744һԹ

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УԸ⾲ʮ¡ǺӲûС
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үģһԹԴ̫ҽùԹԳҩֻҪһã͵͵ү׼Ĳҩ
үǰЩõǳۡǽ˵һ仰ŪүеЦԷǡ
˵˺üĲҩˣô廹ԭ͵͵ˡ
ү֪ǸЦ
죬ô֪ЩҩǸأүֲͬ˵ֻÿһյһ벹ҩ
ǰ໹ţǺʵںȲȥˡԾû˵ʱ㽫ҩ͵͵ˡ
̫ҽôһ˵׹ھҲˡԺһԹԵĽүҩȵ
үҶܸоǵˡһһԿɰİ磬пһԿɰĸء
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Ȼү˵һԿɰĸʱ󷽹ʡ޲ãھͽСﱧȻװٸ߸ߡ
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񲻸ѶԸˣ˰磬ǿҪλģٽλǹˡ
Ȼֻһ֮ǿر𰡣
Ϊʲôˡ
ʺĲ豭ۿһ۴١
ϲ˵ԪҪ̥ΪҪ̥ΪӲû̥񲻺ã籾İʱ

745ѪĻʺ

ʱ򣬲Ҫ֣̥Ԫѱס
ʺһ⣬ЦЦ
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ִٻô룬ʵԪϣʲôпܡ
סҪúñһȥԪЩϺõĲƷĺԽԽáôأ
ʺЦֻЦݱеˡ
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Ȼֻ˫̥աͲ˫̥̥Ǹģôʱ

746

˫΢УһʱɫǶ֪Լˡ
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һ뵽˽Իһô޴̥ǲҪĸ˽Ѳ
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ΪʱǶˣౣסӶСӣӿԱסһ
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Ǹô죿ūȥү
Եеšô¶ŲŹء
ȥŵⷿȥɡ
ҡҡͷ¶үҲ˵塣
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һȫڻʺǱߣԼȡ
ǾôŹʺ𣿡
ġʺô뺦Լӣȴûа취ȥ״
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⻰˯֮ǰ˵ġ˵Ȼ˯ˡ
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ô˵ţڵѪʺȥЩǿɶǼƷءҲû٣¶Ҫ͵ȥˡ
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οǲ˾Ÿµľ޴̥ԪƽºӣҲӣǿɾͲˡ
ʺôһ룬˲䲻Լˡ˵֮󣬳ôǸء
˵ǡ
ٵͷźŻʺȥ˲š
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ʮһ졣үûΪﷱ̫ˣҲҪЩ¶Ҫźһʮ
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ڶһȥΪˣԻҲҪϢġ
һûȥ࣬ү˯Ӹεġһһ¾ǰڼ
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ɵϣȻСôͲ뿪ȹС֮ˡ
ƣͷϡһŸɣŵĶͷ۵˵

747ûʰС

ǶûʰСòã
ĸɣΪκ˶ӣԼҶôȻԼһʰඡ
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౻ɣôˣ̲סһЦˡ
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Ҫ˵ӣô³仯
ΪɣһֱүģҲšһֱûô䣬ɰ
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෴ԽԽ񣬵үԽԽˣ˸緶
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ԼҸôһ˵ɣȻЩ̡ҲܾôԼǱ˱㽫еĹ̫ϡ
³εҡҡͷ鷿ȥѧĶǻʼҵİ磬ΨһһŮӱԼã⻹ǻʰ谮ȥġ
ȻһЩѧϰĵطô̵̫ȻһЩι֮Ϊ֮ôܽӻŮأ
ԼⱿñʰʲô֪ɵһ
ɵҲֻ۸۸ôɾͲˡ

³ЦЦԼ硣ӮˣҲûʲôֵø˵ġԱˡ
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ɣֱס࣬ȴԾĶĶӡùÿɸ˵ǧѹĶӣ仰Ǽġ
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ЦƿɣţȻʾ꽫Լá
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ڸɣͷһ˲䣬ͷһСɣɻɫĲݸࡣ
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һӦЩǻʺΪΪͬԵֻлʺһˡºӵģҲֻлʺ
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ɣȻ׷ʲô¶³ȴ֪
֪ԼڹıﶼۺԼҶλݺͻʰĳ谮
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ӣҪҪūȥ̫ҽ
꽫ĶװСȻתͷࡣ

748·ɸɵ

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࿼ҪҪⶫø̫ҽʱ
ſڴүæʾ꽫ү𼱻ǵĳ˽
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뿪ڵʱ򣬸ɣһ̶˦ԼҸ֣ܵүߡ
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үһԿü̫ҽɫУѷ֡ⶫȻ಻áҪȻ̫ҽ¶ôص顣
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ܻУǱѾˣ
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ζѾһʱˣЧѾûˡӦﻳ֮ǰѾˡ
̫ҽشⶫȻԪԼô̫ҽףԪ֪ãǱ͵͵Ԫġ

749Լǵ

̫ҽĻĬˣֲǰʱôҲأԭǰⶫ͡
ҪǵүڳǬˣҲܻϡԺ󶼲ڻС
಻ò˵ࡣȻ뵽ͷ
ʱͷָӲͷʲôľʯʲôҩ
Ϊʵ̫Ӳˣ˯ϰߣװŵ
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ⶫӦǷ߶ġΪÿλ׻ŻŸҲ˵ŲСıɣŵˡ
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ͻȻ뵽Լе⼸һֱõͷôͱʾԼ㡣
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żҲܵģѾûȥ׷˭ⶫģֻԼĺƽƽġ
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750̽

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751Ȼ

һȺӶܲס̣һȺŮӾȻԳܵסǵðǴģԼ³ɡ

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752ү嶯

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760ﶼڽ

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ӾͱΪ¶ˡȻϷȥ˾ôзȥɡѽͰĵ̥ɡ

761ûźû

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У֪Լˡ
Ϊ˵áģڼȻˡô֤˵ɡ
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һһţ־֪Ǹʲôõط
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һүźģүʲôöǸҲöŵĸͷ
˵һܷĵһӡǴûźûϡ
ūŲ֪û˵
ż˵๬ˡ
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ˣ֮󣬾кӳҸȡְɣ

762һʱѬ

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ȵȣȵȣүڻûлء
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һİûڡҪ֪ᷢչôҲԼŮȥ
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֪ôģﴫϢ˵ŭʥգ˻ϴȥ˾
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֪˾жֲǷȴ֪ģŽȥǺųģ߶ѲƤǲᱻųġ
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ᣬϥ˽űߣһ˫ֽץ˵ȹڡ
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ȱ˽ȥųǲмǷ˵ġг˵־ܰס˾Ŀ̡

763ҲҪֱ

бôȥأ
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ҲǸմӹظŹһ
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˲Ǽٵģ൱Լ˽һһԴŷš
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һ˵һ߽ضˣŹ沿κα飬۾еκɫ
˳Ļ˲ĶǼٵġΪԼŮ޸ҵĴӣڵҲڽʸߡ
ȥμӾй󸾾ٰĲ軨ᣬȻҲͿˣЩ󸾶Դĸ̬ȡ
ŮˣȻҲִŮ˶ƶʵϲʱȵġ
ȻҲ⡣ѾŪɳ׾ˣ˵ȻҲֲŮأ
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ҲɵԼŮѾ˸ˣɳŲסȥȥĵΪЩ¶ġ
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οǵûմŭ¶ҪǱȥˣ˵嶼пܡ
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ԼŮȻ˾ôȻǷ˴ʱȥ飬𲻵ãۼ塣
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ô谮Ԫοˣ϶ȻῴԪͶ̥ϷŹġ
ﲻûүϡϣĻԪ
Ȼûۼϣôжô谮Ԫ
ǹɴˣԪڹжôó裬˶һ˵ĵز
Ůʱǳ棬Ѿھﴫķз
Գ룬ҲֻԪܾŮ
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˱ʾ⣬ԼҷʲôʱԪﳶϹϵˣ
үˣС޸ľԪĵܵܡԪǴСҲǺܺõġǴСʱԪ
æˡȴûн˵㵽ֹѾ˵ˣǴȻ׸ô
ԶԶԣ˵ĲȥϴСظһˡ
ôһ룬ֻҪԼŮȥԪͳˣôǻʲôأ
ѵһ˵ĻŮĻܲɣ
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764׸ĸʤ׸ĸ

үˣѾ˸µˡʱп裬ôȥȥġôܵסأ
ǹˣȻ֪˸дʲôοǿɲһ·ҲϸѸʱ
һ˸µиص˭ء۰ԼĴѵͲ۰ԼŮ
԰УѾа˸ˡ
һĴȡͿô¶ˡ
״һţȻǲȥģǴС㲻ôô˵أ
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һˡʲôģ˵С߶ŶءôСκ¶ġ
ĿˣĿϡǳŵ˵ĳ谮
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ȥң˵Ҫ̣Сظһˡ
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¼һʱ޻˵
˵ҲСȥģûʱ㵽ſڡ
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Сߵſڣſڲûˣֱӽȥϣ߽ţ㱻ԵŵūŸ
λкáˣҼҴСǼҵĴˡҼүСظһˣ̣λͨͨڡ
Сġūż״ҲֱӸˣϾǴҵˡ
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С˵ͷǣµһվĴ⡣
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һʱ˺Ͷ˶ȻϷǰȲ衣ôֱȥǰұˡ
ȻŴ󺺽ǰŮԶͦŴӣһλϡ
Ϸˣˣˡ
Ŵһһй֮Ŷ˵
ˣһСˣ˵ˣ˵Ҵ˻ظ̡
С˼һ˼ҷ˷Σſڵš
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ϸŶӣǲ⣬ԼǰŻ˸һˣǸʱôûҪ˵ʲôأ˽ȥҲ֪νأ
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˵ЩȴĵġΪ޽֮󣬲ҪźҪź򹫹šοһ没
ǣֱԺ֪ȻǸ̰ˡǴ˼áŴЩûõĹء
没Ҳԡ֡ҵ㶫㶫ʲôõ͸ңʲôõ͸㣿
ܲġȻ׸ĸʤ׸ĸȻ׽ʤ׽á
ɵӣ˵ʲôأһˡ
ûĵһۡһۣȴûһ֡

765ڶɢ

š
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ϱ˵ĹŴѾС߽ǰ
С˸Ϸ밲С밲Ҷ밲
СǸ߶ġȻ档ҲǲŲæ
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µĶӣ·ŵףǺһֱšԼԺӡ
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ΪĴˣֻŰ˸µСǿı񣬳ȻŲˡ
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ǰδ޵ʱ򣬻˳Ҳʰڼ޽档
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ʲôｫͽȥͼҵĴ㣬Ҳǫʹһ˻ϵĶ裬Ӷһ졣
ڳո˵ʱ򣬻еĶģ侲ϸһ룬¸ܡ

766ѵүҪ޲

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ǧŮһãúóõĶȥôҲûһõϵĳ谮
ǺͿ
϶֪ô˵Щ˲źá
С㣬֪ˣȾȴϾĽѽ
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769浱ԼǿŴ

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770

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771̬Σ

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˲һ㲻˲յЩױЩҲʮҡ
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˱㽫ϵһŲδˡϣԾȵĸӡ
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̫ҽ˵ľϲΣûĸҽϣԼֵµĲƽ£̫ҽôˣϣЩˣԼ¡
̫ҽĻ˳¶һ˿οϵɫҲ˴롣
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ʱҩ㰾ˣһϸǰѾ߶˽ȥϷá
ȻûϵԴӺЩ˲ҩ֮󣬱΢Ľк񽥽

773ĸƽ

ָֻǰĽ״̬ҲָŽʹҪŵʹ
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ЦǺǵıСһҿϸŵİ
ȴһΪСһɫࡣԵİװ۵Сһ
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ϷˣôˣǲǴ˳ˡ
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Ȼռϲ޴󰭣ֻѶѡҲұ֤ⷢ
ϴϱǺӡ㿴ôɫడ
ϿļˣҵĳһӣЩڲͬġ
ŶϷ˷ġΪСүڴ˶ʱ䳤ˣģͺˡ
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ϲɵɳһ浣ĺȻˡȴʲô⡣

774ıԶū

˵СүѾƽ£Ͼǰ˸ġԵĺ˲٣Ҳ˲١
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ﻹǿЩȥ·үҲˣӦøүȥһ
ЦѳͷתԼԺӶȥ

775үĵλԽԽ

һߣ˳֮ȽӺͽůǡ
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ĸѲˡ
³ε̯̯֣Ϊֻ֪Щôĸ˵ģһ䶼ûõ
Щ˼С㲻˵ƴǡ

776үʲôû


üô򵥡ôе˼أ

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ô˵˵ȥԭŮϡŮΪү˾ġ
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Ҫô˵ȫﶼ֪ϣһŮȥǬ幬ȥ˾үһ˲֪
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˵Ż͵͵үһҳȻϺ
Ѿˣû˵ջȥĿܡ
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ߣҲ֪ҿ֪ءǵүŭ˱㽫ȥ˾
⹬ɶˣ˵ԪҪ̳裬һԼ߶һСŮȥ̺ϡǵûϴŭ
൹ڶֻемôһó֡ǲӺףӺء
үʲôû
үæذ˰֡ԼԼǵãԼûŮһ¡
ⴿ˵үµּ⣬ǹĹŮ̫ڸķǣ߷ȥ߿⣬߸һȥ˾ˡ㿴ô
үֺõ˵ڿĽ˭۸ġ˭۸˭
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ôһ˵ܽ͵ͨˡˣ֪ԼŮ˾
ĹϵϽԼȻԻ϶ĳ谮ȻὫˡ

777Ǹû

˵Ǵһ̡̺ҪµĲĻϲûдӦ
˲ϲĻ˵ҲͲǺˣŵ
ȻûȫСҲ˸߰˷֡
ҲǵġһŮúõģҪȥһŮҲ֪ôġ
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үҡͷԵ˵һͨ˵֮ŷ˶
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үеšϳʱ򣬱ô˶ţоһĽţŮ˺ЩŮţһ˿Ĳڡ
үԼû˵ԹӢѹ˹ءҲ֪ģλȻߣΪҲǸթġ
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Ҳҿοϼ޽ô͸ˡ
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ҵͽһáӣʳǶ˽ʳãһ

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ߡףأǸûġ
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ϿûǰʱȻТвţҪ볯Ϊ٣ȵЩԹļһſҲá
ǳЦТһ˭ҲԸТ
һ˹˿ӡ໹˹˹Ů
أҷٲʢˡЩ˱һʹϵˡ
ТԲ⣬ǸŮˣСǼαˡ
ȥȺˣ˵ﲻܼͣ½⣬֮ʱǽһۡ
ǰ¸Т£Щȥһˡ
ԪĶҵϷˣǻԵĶƷھˡ

778Ĳ˳ʺ

²װɣ
ԥԥģʳ
ϱϾҲ࣬ûнµľ濴ֿҲû
޷ġ
ƺְסϵһ˫֡˽һˣ᲻׶Է˼
ϼƺ˵Ҳ㲻ٿˡ
СҲֻǵͷſڶȥ
λˣǼϷ岻ʡӣ˼ˡ˻ӣҲ㡣
λ˻ȥɣҼҴ֮ʱλ˽һ䡣
С˵껹Щ󸾾һ
С˵ĻЩеĬĬıת뿪ˣеһ·ҲеһֱڱԹġ
ЩԹСҲֻ΢΢һЦ˶òġŲЩһʶء
ֻ΢Цˡ
һֱڸ¸ۡԶϢһʱջ֪
һֱæҲûȥմϢڶϢŴնԸ˲ٺö׼
ȴ߳Ժſڣȴʯϣ̼ΣФ˶˸š
ϣɩɩǸʲôȥ
̼Ƽձûкû˵Ҳġ
ԭǶͺ̼ˡϱ¶ڸλ￴ҪȻլȥ
ͦżġȥԼǴֶӡҵĵһСùõûеһۼǲԡ
ȥôôöóȥ
ʯ֪ʡն֪ҵһӣô֪ܲأ
Ϊ֪˵ġǹϵĶôܱһ˴ߡ
֪ɩɩˣϱûڸǰǲԣ׼ȥɩɩΣ
һʱûŪ˵ʲôʱ˵Ҳġ
ֻҪ˲ԣձ㾴ǣǲ֪ôôҲ˼ǵӡ
ߣʲôɩɩҲŰ˸£
ʯһߵļԣϽżƥӡ
һԶӣȦŻһЩСŵģӦöǸСӴġ
ҿɩɩ˵Ѱɣô뽫Щóȥʲô
̼һȦд˼ʣ⼸ƥӿɶģҪ˺üΣ
ɩӣֻһӶѣôôõĶ
⻰˵ס˵˽϶û¶
ǹĲ˳ʺ
ͺ̼ҪŪЩҵģ˭͸˭ֲָֻš
ת˫ֱԼǰˡ˿һֱ뽫ЩױռΪС
ڵһ죬ôЩױ㲻һ㡣
˵ʲô޽ϣǹϵˡĶȻҲǹϵģ뽫Щ͸ˣҲҪͬͬ⡣
̼һָա
ߡ
һ
棬϶һ
նˡЩױûϵԿ˭Ҳ򲻿
ȻĸŮϲôʹɣϲظˣ̩¡ϵҲؼҡ
ĸŮѵ߲ܽۡɣ
ǣǶ᲻ߣο⸮ֻյġ
ձԼļ˾Ҫ͹ʯϵĺƤ
ߣǸҽЩȥ̫̤ȥ
ʯһŶֻ̫̫öдԼȥĵ
һһߣҲմýġ
ߡ
տɲһףƤôҪƤжĸڵˣɡ
㣬ТĶ
յıӰʯϻûڵϣȻᣬҲҪƤġ
ʯϵáû
ĴжȻϺͺ֮󣬵ϱ
ʵ޳ȥŮǲܻظҹġżʱҲ⡣
ղͬ޳ȥˣҲеλġżҾͲ˵ˣʯôأ
ǧԸ⡣˭Ҳܲϡ
һ֮ڼ䲢ûǳױġ
ҪԪһϲȣôҲ⡣
ǸмģһӡźﳯŻʹȥ
Ҫǳ֮Ҳˣô䡣ټѾƷúõˡ

779Ǹȡ

ԼϱͶӶˡź߶һС¯
ССůڡһо䡣
үҲ֪Ͻ࣬رּϵ빬
ʺҲˡΪҪʺġǻʺûΪͨ
Ͼųӡ˼ҹȥ밲ԵԼôƵġ
Իʺ˴ڹſڣϵ㽫ʺ˼֪ϣǲҪȥˣʡر
˵Ӧķ
ҲȷʵҪôȴ
˲ضųӣӿɽءǸϽȥɣʡԪżˡ
£ʺ󶼿ʼݷˣôһССĹŮȻ̫ߵ
ǻͷ泼лʺ
ϵͷæл
ٲû˵Ҳֻǵͷϱֱȥ
һ˵ʱѾȵżˣڴϣŴ⡣
ȻʲôֻܿɿݵľðѿǿƲסԼ
ĪģѾ˹˶þͻˡ
ϽʱȻࡣ
š
ӦţȴûȥһȦµŮ˵һǶôĲףҲǶôڴ
ǿ²⣬ġοŮ˲ˣԼĵϱŵԼСֶӡ
ˣСĵ㡣
ȵĻл˵ʱڴ
Ȼ࿴ſڵǴӦѾ
еĴ˳ϣ벻ˣοҲֻϽ
ӣˡ
꿴ż࣬ɵЦ˵
ǰˣϵĵӶ̼㡣ϲӣɲ
̿𶼵ϡȻˣо쬵ġ
಻ĵٴζꡣ
ӷģūͰźˡоһѾ˰ɣ
Ҫ֪Ͻʱ㽫һж׵ҪȻôܻΪأ
˿߶롣ҼӶȲˡ
ЦЦҪȻҲš
ΪǼӲͣʣʲôʱʲôʱվŵˡ
·ˡ
ЦЦҵʱϵҲûǹĹûǹ
С̨ס
Ͽżʱæѡ
ЦЦ߽㿴ͦӰڴϡ
Ԫ밲򸣽𰲡
˵ƱҪȥλòͣЩ
ӹǻûأԼˣϽŰɡ
ϽһԵϣ껹ĵһӸϵϡ
콫Сһơ
ϵɫ޴㽫Ŀϡ
ԹŹùöֶͦġ̫֪ˡֶ̫Ů̫۵ȥġ
ȻҲһ
ｫСһﱧʱҿСһϸŵİһ˯Сӳ
СһҲǸճֻϣװ۵ġ
Ϊˮ㣬СһһˣҲˡ
ԼԼеĸӳöͦģˣСһҲûʲô˵ġ
ӴС˯ˡ֡
ⶼһ¹ȥˣССҲ֪ûи֡
ֻδȡء˵⺢ӵľˣӦȡ
϶ϵҪûзԡԼҲôġ
ҪһϲΣнգһֶѣϻǾøûʲô˵ġ
ұĸϸܾˡ
ϵĻ൹һ㶡
û˾Ȼľӿĳ
ӦиĳȡһùøȡôͲһˡ
ﻹкӽǿɶӵء
Ըȡ֣ǿһ¶
ʹáֻСһĹùãӦİ游ȡ
ѲΪʸʵһȡϡǸСʲôģҲȡ˼˾ĴһŪɳ׾ˣǾ鷳ˡ

780С֣泳

ȡ֣ʲôǶĸҰͶҲôΪġ
ЦЦεģҪȡһ֡
ľȡ
ָָԼȻָָﻳСһһƬԥ֮ɫ
ȡɣȢݸҲĸ
ϿЦ˵Ȼ֪ɲĶȡ֡
ô˵ֻĵȡֶѡ
ס
һĻˮƽٲҲԼСֶȡôûˮƽ֡
ȡʲô֣Сôɰôȡô׵أ
֮ﻳСһ˫֮ۡҲ޲֡һ
⵹еĿ࿴һСӲ˯˳ԣ˯ˣҪôˣˣҪôǶˣԲһ˾
ôɵĺӣǵһμء
ԵȣСүˡСȥٱ
ﻹ⺢ӹԵʱһĲ˼񣬱㱻ƫȥ򲼡
ףСһﲻ޲ֵģ֪ˣ
ֵĶȥķ
֪⺢ӰܹԡÿҪôǶˣҪ˻ˣޡ
ǰЩǶ֪ʱ䳤˱˹
ЦЦôĵĶҲϵĸ
ǿˣൽˡ⺢Ӳ޲֣ĪǸư͡
ڹŴҲûеģúõģǳųȴ⡣
ִʲôάάɸBĻܼʲô⣬ǹŴͿˡ
⺢һֱûп޹𣿡
ൣĵʵôˣû˷ְɣ
ô᲻ޣÿϣ޵ﶼð
ĵģҲֻǻһЦôܲڵʲô
ǲ֪⺢Ͽޣô϶Ҳᵣģģû˭ҡҡͷ˵һɤţ뿪
ԭˣűһ
ŵģ˲ŻԭԼؿڡǵĻˡ
ջأôһ˵žǸƤģƫƫҪϢʱָͣ
ûĿһۣﱧ߳Сһ
ȻڣСͽΣڴǵ游ȡ
˼ȥǾãСֵĵֲӦȡô˵˼ҵĳСֵǰ;
֣ϿڣҲ
ؽ˼ͦģŶﻳС˵
СֻϽллĸ
곤˾ͽйĸˣձСùˡ
ӦϣǣȻӵһۣôֲ֧
ǿɲΪСһǵĻ໹̲סĶŪС֡
ôùĸȡСҪͽСڣСڣô
ǱȦʱ䳤ˣȻһһ´ĺӽˡ
Ȼ˶֪ڿЦϻе㵣ģС־ͦģɲҪʲôСڣСڵġ
û뵽໰䣬ﻳСһ㿪ʼС죬дһģŵĿڡ
бģͽ֣ĸǺġ
˵ţʹڰʾԼֻģûֹסħ
ۣۣۡ
ʮ˭ڸ˵Ǹư͡ǵøƴɡ
ˡСүӦǶˣСʹȥ
ھҵģΪǸʵģһû뵽ԼȻܼܽ
ЩƶĹǣǶģ˱СүһҪˣǿô졣
ȥɡ
ֻǰڰ֣ôƽŵģ˵š
ι̣Сɲˣǿ޵ģķ㶼ҿˡ
С֣ˣǲǾùĸȡС
ᵽϸղŻˣ˭Ҫ˯ţǾԶˡ
³͸ɣСʱҲûô޵ġ
ҪͽСССòã
ྡԼͰһ㡣Цˡ
һԵҲЩ޴룬ûмԼҶӿ޵ôĵأͷһء

СֵĿһҲ˵ȻǸɣŵġ
ԪԪ
ºˣһҪΪӵ԰ˣįįˡ

781ֵһ

ۣۡ
Сˣɿ޵𾢡
߽֮ӣͷһһŮ
һڴϵ
ﰲ
ﰲ
Ԫﰲ
Ȼ³ɣţж硣
ʾУתϵ
ĸ
ĸ
³͸ɣȻǳƺΪĸġǶе㲻֪ˣΪǴ磬ľĸľĸ
֪ԼôƺϡǶֻǾôһƤϽе
ĸ
ȻǴ㣬ľĸôȻҲľĸƺһĸ׼û
󰢸磬磬밲
ϸæվֻһӵӣȻСҵİ磬Ӧ񣬶ҪԷ
ۣۡ
˵ûдСֵĿһֱڿޡŪﶼ֪
Сܵģҿ
ɣſϡ漫ˡԴ˵ĸСܹһֱⲻһѧ˹
ѭſһģĸ˱һűӣǸǴӱﴫġ
Ϊߵԭ򡣸ɣſ龰ֻӡ
ҲҷΪڵǰСӦþǵΨһһǿǻԪ̫ڹһ񰡡
ﱧС֣ӿøɣſСֵӡ
ܱܣǽ㣬Թöԣ
ɣŻûмôССһϡ漫ˡСܳðװֺģžͿɰ
ţСܻС˵Ļ
³ԼáôһСƨôö˵أֻ۴ޡ
ɣŲǺ׵ġС뵽ҲŻ˵һҲŻ·ʱʲô
ǽһĻȴ³žž
˵Сһö
ɣŲĵԼҸһۣһĻ㷢ˡȻһֱ޸ͣСʱȴˣһ˫Ĵ۾Ÿɣſ
һľ³ȣϾȲѡСӾϲСӣġ
ӴСԭϲţ
ĴȤûмļҺӣġ
˵ˡںȴˡ
ԭСܽСְ
ɣžʲôȵ¶һû˭ȡСֵġֵǲѽ
ǺǣСֻСܵСֻûȥ游ȡ
ɣһ֡һԼŮǴԹ죬˸æ͵ġ
ŶԭС͸һǲǣŽа¾Сͽиɣš
ɣųƨͷ;Լֺˣ۴С
СȻйĹһ֡治
ɣ
ЦЦͷ
ȻһСһȻСֲǾָʲôǿˣҲֿСЦͣ
ԪӶˡ
ûãСֶն
Ȼүּ߶ûֹ硣
˶绹Ǹһһٷ
Ԫȥš
Դ߶СӣЦ˵
Сֶնһţ͵˶׼һЩΪһ˳Եֵϸɣź³˵׼治С
žžžԪˣԪˡ
Сֶնһ߹һ߸˵ĽšϲԪΪԪʳٹĻóԡ
Ƕﲻ˵Ԫﻳ˲ܱ˴š˶Ѿ˴
ȥŰɣ׼磬ϲԵġȻŷ׼һѪ͹
Ȼ嵥ʱ䵽ˣôҲûϳظȥôȻͬһš
ϵӻûг׺ãöԵѪѲһ
ǣūȥš
˵תȥˡСҲˣһ˯ˡ
ϡ
⻰Ӧùʡǣ֪㻹ǵĸҵġ
һֱϣŹһ˿һı顣
˻һȻ¶顣
ô˵Ҳϵĸңĵط飬ҲܶԼĸܲˡ
ҲϾԸԭԼĸףһ˺ܶࡣ
˴С׶Ӷ뵽˸ΪҵĹϵͬ¡

782Լ

뵽ˣ׾ȻΪһŮôһŮ
Թ޸׵ģѪԵϲˣҲܶϡ
˵Ҳ֪ô졣
ϵͷĽ
˵Ů֮ǿԴźӻҵģǲٻȥ
ô˵ǰ棬Ŷˣǲŵġ
ҲԻȥˡ˭ţעҪ˾ȹ
Ī֨ӡô˵һĲŹǸϺһ
վ޳ȥĵŮ˶ϵ˲ûʲô¶
Ȼôϱϲɾ
ôֱӻȥˣǾԲæġ
ҪŹĲԡ
ǳҵĶ飬ȴ֪жͼ
ǴȣȻôӦóܺ
ϸæڰ֡ĴûŹ
Ƕġ
ϵĻش⼫ˡ
ϸͿôǾͶˡҪװס
ԾǶԣǴѾꡣΪԼ鸺
ô룬ο
ȻôһĵŮҲǵĸɡ
Цˡ
ɬһЦԼԪΪӶ֣ǾͲˡ
ˣĸңôԼ
ൽνҸûʲôϵԺزңԭ²ԭˣȫԼˡ
л
仰̤ʵˡ֮˲ʱ䡣
ȥŷŵȴڰ·ү
ϼ顣
үǼݣ׼ȥ
һ·ϹĹŮ̫ˣүܲһȥһȥӦ
ϥʱүһ۶ûơ
ֱǼݼǰߣ˼үŻع񣬸ոǸŮĹŮ
п˵ģү֪үҲ˸ûȥˡ
ͣ¡
ү˰֣ʾǼͣûҲҶˡ˵ǽ߶վš
㣬
үȻ죬ɲǵʲô֡
ָֻ
ͷһʱҲ֪˵
Цߵǰ
Ͻأ
һæ̧ͷһֿۣүһۣŸߵǼݸǰ
򰲡
ؾصģүһϥ
ɣ
үڰ֡
ɻţ
Ϊү֪ʱϲ¶˯ȥʱ붼Ϣ
ֱȥҲȥˣĹŮȻҪһʡ
ػϡ
үʻʱһ
ʱĵģԼոûŭ˻ϡ
ҼӣʱͬĴ˵أȥŷš˵š
ĻүĻſŻҪȥķӦʱҲڣЩΡ
ţ
үһ
Ȼˣô޽ͲȥˡһȥǼ˵ȥ
ȻпڣôүҲǶϾŮ˼˵Ļһӻǲĺá
ȥɡ
ү仰ȻǶ˵ģߺһ
ĵ
˵֮Ǽת뿪ʱ񻹶΢΢һү뿪
ţʱүĻתࡣ
൹ûʲôȴЩˡԼ˻Ԫ
е̻̲
ҷģү˵Ϲ𣿡
԰οϡ
ֻǾãԼͻϵʱ䡣
֪ó裬ΪԼôһ飬ȥԵĹǿɸô졣
ʲô̺áŶһţϲһСˡ
еЦôġϻʧ˲ɡ
⻰İˡ
ŷĵšù֮ҲûжΪӼʱ˷ܣǲǵóĬ
֪ˡŮڻеʱ˯ˡ
ʱ䣬ҲʱˣҲ뿪ˡ
ʱҲˣٲȥҪˣﻹҪϢ·ҲСˡ
˵žҪ뿪ʱѲ١
Ǳ㲻ˡȥ
ʵˡ˵ߣҲ
϶ŴϵһŴСֳˡ

783˸

Ϊ໳УʱһֱûĻ͸ͭǽһ
లĹ˺üʱ⡣
ΪôҲȽϷƽ˾
ĵֻһǾҪʲô¶Ҳ㲻ѽ
ֻ֮ܵˡ
ĶĺӲүڴģǺڴġ
ֻ⹬Ŵ򿪣ҲֻԪֵǰǲлô
˵Ԫζʱ䰲̥ôʱ
߶˲ײô˵ɹ˸֮ģΪԪ̥ţǲûϣ
Ͽּˣúȥĵ
ôЩģҩģ·ģǵľвͨˡ
ܸܲһϰܽԼĹɡ
Ǹ£ҲûǸôѽɲǸ
һֻܸɵۣϣԪ̥ʱϽĹȥ
ʱܲԪҲȥĵɣֻҪԪһȥôȥ˭Ҳ˵ʲôˡ
˺󹬵ȰȵȰȣӴȵ죬ۿԪѾ˸ˡ
ǵĺҲˣˣˡĹŮūŶҪ½ﺣֵܼ͸͸
˭ϴ߶ҩ֮Ķ
󶴶ˣοͨʲôġ
ˣϻΪѡĸŰ˸ĸ
ʮλ֣ǿǶɸѡŽġ
ѡ⼸˵ʱѡʱֱȸүѡҪϽǼֱǽʮ˴˸
ÿ˶дһˡСʱ򣬼Ｘ˵󣬳ţˣϱ߶д
ΪүŪŪ¶˵Щ䶼ˣʮҡ
ȥ˭֪ǱûӣүòЩŪ
Щ˸µʱѾסĺ
Щסĵ죬ҲΪูкѡϲӵһӡ
ΪһʱĲݹ̫ҽ˵´һߡ
Ϊ⼫ˣүҲ⼫ˡû뵽֮ǰȻԲ֮á
ΪӣҪ󼸸²ſ´ߡ
˹ԣ˳˵ҩͺҩ˵´Ͳ´ԹԵ̫ҽҽ
ھ̫ҽ֮£žүͬ⣬һ֮ڿԶʱ´ߡ
ⲻ̫Ǻܴʱ򣬱߶ĸŮתơ
ӽ࣬ѾѾӵİѡϲӡūѾС¹ȥˡ
࣬ڹ˼Ȧ֮󣬱㽫±̫ĵط
Ȼ·ݣ컹Ǻȣ̫ɹʱ䳤Ҳ
Ŷѡϲһ
ǰҲ˵ˣֻû뵽ôġ͵ˡ
˵԰
һˮ໳ǿ趼˵ģƽʱȾֻܺЩ¿ˮ
ϲӵľλҲ̫֪Ҳֻ˵԰ѡ
ˡȻѾѡˣǱȻһЩõط
ˮһڡȻĽ豭ϡ
˼µİ׿ˮԼ춼ȵûζˡЩúȣŵȵҲһζ
ӾʹպźȰɡСЩˮ֮Ķ
ҡҡͷε˵Լί˰˸Ҳʵס
Ѿа˸µˣ⹬ɶءʱٳ¶
ϦʲôСѾͷοˡ
⻰Щ֪иǰºͺΣյʱ
ѶȹǰµΣڡƽƽĶȹ£ôһжˡ
ϣһȺšҶ֪֪
ΣЩһ֮Ҫͣô䡣ܱĹˡ
Уǽߵ⼸˵ĵĲСȳˡ
ôˣһܸʲôҪǻϿ˽ڣҿԵԺתһת˵Ǵء
ǺϧԳġ˺üµ˵¸Ҫлүڰ˱ˡοֱܳ붼롣
ӸҪСţƣڴϣܱ߶ưȫɡ
һ߱Ȼһ߸ֻ͡ĵĵͷȴȫô롣
ǽڴɸ߰˸£ܷˣпܣοڻôأ
ǣӡԺôʯשеͻĶôҪһСˤˡǿô죿
ϦָԼǰԶһͻʯשЩҲֱӴͱ˳
˵ʲôأ
ûָϦԴѾͷ˵ǲԡӽ̣ôɾҪùˡ
ϾЩǴϦ˵ġֻǺܼɻģһиǰڻʹ
Ҫǣڻʹϻǰ
仰൱һ䣬ҪԴϦһһ׼ϣҲܲ
ޣūŸūŸūŲǸ˼
ô˵ϦŷӦæŵ¡
Ĳ飬õ飬Ĳ飬õ飬Ĳ飬õ顣
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ôڲ˵Ҫ¶ɲøղ˵Щˡ
´ٹܲסͽȥ˾ֺúý̵̵㡣
ûĵϦΪϦô˵Ͷĺӡ
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ڵǿǽء̫ɹܴοЩѩؾ͸Ҫˡ
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ΪĶʵ̫ˣһûġÿҪǰæ
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û뵽ǣȻûжϹϵҲЩëƤ¶
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ֵһıǸӣҲǳĶӡǼֱǸ¾һ첻Ͳ
˵¶ɣб´ҲͰˡû»ϲǡ
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ⲻ벻˶벻
˵ǸǸ˰ɣһûҲ͹ȥˡ
ƫһȻǾһ̼֮ӡ
˵峯ụ̃ʲôǮܸʲôӾͨٸ
ӽ˼Ǹĵڶ졣յš
˼Ҫ󲻸ߣǮˡҲ١ΨһҪǾҪλ۴С
Ϊ˵ġôֻһССƷԱȲЩ¼Ա֮¡ҲûȨ
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785

˽뵽İ취þˣҪǮӸ
ǽأ˼һƱǮǮҿɱȲ˼̼֮ҡ
ڸﴷض㡣类˸ˡ
Ǽﻹ˸ǰ޿䡣ֵúܡ
糯ʱʱĹλߣһҲû¶Ҳôȥ
ٽȥ׼̼֮˻ʲô¶
Щ¶Ҳ֪ˡ˱罫˽ӽʡԼҸĸΪҪЮҰǡ
ľ档ϿǴⲻˡֲ֪жˡΪҪ
С¹ӻ
ټҲ֪ɲԽǲǾźŸ֮˵
ǣūһȥͬС¹˵˵
ͷطվ֮վԼʹϾģȫϦ˰æ
˷Ҳһ󹤳̣ϾֹһأӻأֵСȫ
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֮ľôһ䡣
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ЦһûҵİæҪ˸ô¶
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ľˣǷǡ
ˣҵļ£޹ء
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ҲˣҲˣˡҽȥϢһɡ
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ǡ
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ҵˡΪϽ˴ݾӡû⣬ͷҰݷá
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ֻҪԭµԼô㾡ȫԼƽ¡
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Ƥӵ붼Ҫ롣
ҼϷ¹Ź֮˲СʵΪôôأ
˵ǽһ֣ܶۿԶ찡⻰У治ģϷȷȷʵʵ˵ġ
ﻹû˸ΥϷ˵ǰҲûҪԸΥ
㣬Ǹʲô
˱һֱֱָֻ֣ſڵֻֻڿвͣز˿ɼжġ
ٲáҲҴ˵ĸס㾹Ȼñٺһȡôôһ
˾ôſڵȥ˾ֻһֻ۸Ů֮ѡ
ô˵ͲˡСǹҲһһֻøжͼĹ
ϾȻвС˵Ĺôˣ˵˵ǲ磿
ػʱЦӭȻر塣Ǹ˵ʻеġ
˼ҶˣҲӲίĻȥǻбҪġ
㡭ҪǼϷˣҪǼҴˡ
˺ʱܹҲܱȼ߱λߵЩ˵ʱܹһ˵
⻰
СɰǷˣǰһ£һ±ˣԺǰһºϲ

786˺

ֻܴĺǳ£ͼʹԼԵôˡֻ˲֪ԽǴ£ԽΧЩȥȥİ֡
Щ˻֪վſνأһˣȫ֪ˡ
Ҳȫ֪ϷΨй˲ڡ
Ȼ˵Ĳˣһˣο˼ͽڡ
ӴΪСˣСҲ¡
ſھ۵ԽԽ࣬æڳһίı飬۸һһ
ףǿǲǸΪ˾ԼǲҪŮӶϧԼа˸еĵŮڵŮѲǸ˰
ԽԽȺУһ߸ָ˵
Ǽ¶ڶȫǼ֪ЩϲľǴЩټҴլ֮£ȻͼӴ׵һ
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Ӵզû˵أϾȻָף
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λһʮӼĻӦ
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˵ǽһҪŶֱǰΡ
Ѿһˣѵ֪ؼҵ·ҪӲɣ
˵һܲ׼ҷ˻ظǼ
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ԼвĻȻԹԸظ
ϣ˺磬ȻƲԼĽᷢӡ˵Ҳʲô
ǣ˵λҲ߶Щ꾫ռˣô
뿪ڻ˲һŮȻϡ
ȻûǸſ˵ĶԻһֲĴĶ
ԽȥԽȥǰӡͦõģֱǱʺԺģͿˡ
Ϸ˺á
ϳæ˵һ߹
ϸһ͵۹⡣
úãһȥ͡
Ĺܼҡϡǻﾤҵҵ¶
ҲһøжͼģôΪǲٳż£˼ʹˣȻܽ˼ҸϳȥΪϵ˼
ллϷ˿佱¶
ЦһȫûǰɡһɵСƵġ
Ϸ˺á
ϾϵǣТԭӣǻʥּĶƷھˡ
˼ҲҪʰġ
ãȻá˿ǵһճأô᲻ã
Цǽһġ˵Լĵճ϶Цúϲ£죬˯˹ƶЦѡ
˾ûǸˡ˵˸һأڲȥһ¶к£
Ц֮ϵЦ⡣
ЦԼ˵ճڿ˵Цˡ
Ϸⲻ֪¹¹ٵķ˻ظġ
΢΢һЦϷˡɲôǰʲô֪¶˼ҷ˲ܹ鲻á
˵ѣղ
ĸҪȴ֡㽫ԼҪڵĻָ˻ȥ

787ϷҪʲô۶

ղ˵Ĳ˵Ϸ˺ʹ˵ģֻýȥŸ˵ǡ
˵ģͣѵŵҿ˷˲ɣ
û˻ͷ˻ظ
ЦʲôûԸΪҲֵ
Ϸʲô˼ǲԸñٷ˸ٻȥˣ
ϷӹҲסôȻҲҪϷûӿԡ
ͲôһȻҪˣ˼ҵķ˲Ųɡ
һһ£鷳һ¡
һεŮȺ߶˽ӶſΧˮйͨȺÿһ
һмʻ˵ԱһѾߴŮӡ
Сӱ𣬴߶߳һòٸ
˲ա
ǵ¸̩ۡ¡ҲûԵˣ̩¡ȥ˹ﵱﵹԵÿյġ
ո
ȻϲʯڲôϲҲû취ȳϣȻ
ֻҪղЩңʯҲȥ
ⲻΪǼ裬Ҳˣֶӵ֮ˣֶɲٴ
ſʲô
һԼҶڸſڡһʱûпԼԱ߶ˡ
Ľôһͻ
գȻЦӯ
£Ů
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˾͸Ͻȥɩɩɩɩջڵء
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ΪԼҶǽġһͬȥȴԼҶҡҡͷʾȽմȥ
ɻԼҶ
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Ҳ˵ʲôתŸȥȳײӰʱ
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˻ذɣȥұض˺úõĸͻȥ
˵֮ת׷յķȥߵʱƮƮһ仰
š
Ż¡Ŷʱ֨֨֨ɫĴǰϡ
Ҫ˵ʲôҲѾˡֻĻļβ뿪ˡ
֮ȻһƬ֮񡣸ȻڼɣǶȴһС
Ͼ·Щ㡣ϣǸ϶ƺԺ˲˹ȥ
񸻲ϾҪǶǰӵĸš
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һֺͺˣţãۿ켴Ҫˣǡ
ˣˣɩɩɩɩʱҲˡҪȥˣǾͲҪˡ
˵Ÿ񣬱ԼѾתҴ
Ȼ߶Ҳڣǣסĵطɲ
һ·ҡҡλε߻ȥҲѺˡϰС
һظֱԼԺӶȥǵʱ̩¡ҲûˣǲĻʱӦԺˡ
ո߸˵ƿţȴտյķ䡣
һʧ䣬ѵ̩¡δܸϵû
ȥʣүɻˣ
һ߶ԲԣԼԼһˮŷԸȥһ̩¡Ƿ˸
ͷҡMһ軹û꣬Ҵææ˽
ˣ
ĵʵ
ˣ±߶˵үͻˡ˵ϷǱ˽үլдʱ˰ɣ
ƲƲ죬ϷҪʲô۶ˣ
൹νʼ硣¶Ҳǵһˡ
˸ճ׵ǸʱʯϻôֻìԽԽ
ʯϱ㿪ʼɽ̩¡ظҲͦģʱҲʯôȥˣ̩ܲ¡۵լŻɡ
ˣȥЪϢɣȻү
հڰ֡һҲͦ۵ġظҲûʲô¶ôЩϢ
̩¡ͻΪÿȥլһʱ̩¡ͻ˵ѾʱˣôҲˡ

788ҹ

һ˵ȵȰɡ
ʼ磬Ȼһ죬ȴûʲô۵ڡ
ռ̬ȼԱȥˡ
һûһšʱһߡ
ֱʵڳŲסˣʵ
ʲôʱˣ
յĻԼɬ۾߶ҹơ
ˣ⺥ʱչѾʱˡ
üͷүɴûôĻڶ˳ôΨһһΡ
ô
ղüͷﲻеǡĪ̩¡լʲô¶ڻ·ϳʲô¶
һЩܡլϸȻϲգ̩¡׶ӣϷȻ̩¡ô
̩¡Ȼܵʥϵôֿ϶һЩͽҲ̩¡ô
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ҪҪ±߶ūȥլʣ
Լҷ˵ǵģҲЩġ
Ƕȥ˯ɡ
ҡҡͷȻ̩¡ʱûлظô϶Ǳʲô¶סˡ
ٵһҲûʲôģҲôһֱš
ǲУ˶ûϢأūôȥϢ
յĻվūžҪūŵı֣˼û˯һūô˯أ
û¶ȥϢһҲȥϢ
ոæĴ档
ҲСȥϢɣһүˣȥ֪ͨˡ
汾һʵֵŮӣյѾ֮󣬸ûܹκί
ӴĺãףôҪʱҪͦ
ԼӶˣӲţôõأ
аɣ֮ȥϢɣ
ʵֲ档ұţԼڴϵҲһôȥϢɡ
ôϣ˵ط߶ȥ
źոϴ֮ۼڴϱ۾ߵš
˭֪澹ȻһƢţԼ۾һ֮ˣ˭֪ѾͷԼˡ
һȾȻԼ˯ˡһһ˯һϡѵʱ򣬴Ѿɫ
͵Ĵ˸飬ϽӴȻƼ
ֻټĴϿյģֻһˣԵıҲǱġȻŴֻһˡ
ôһ룬˶ˡ̩¡һ϶ûܵǾ˹ˡ
Ҳæ׼ȥլơ
Ȼլʵڲôȥǹغ̩¡İΣòȥ
ˣ𣿡
ﴫһԺȻǱ˿ѵӡ
ԭǴգһؾ͸˯ˡֱղĶŽѡ

ô˯أСˡ
͵һ
˭ΪԼû˵£ͻȻôһᱻŵġ
ŮҲѸٻ֮æʵ
׳ʵû¶ġֻǷôô磿
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մʡΪôΪˣ̩¡ҹ޵顣
үûлһֱأûмү
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ױ£Ҫȥլһˡ
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ߵſڣձͣ˽Ų
ȥһЩˡ
ΪԷһԼǶһЩ˱Ƚϰȫ
լЩˣи
լ˼ңҲʯϵԸʲôأ
տʶЩ˵ԼȫУʡõʱ̩¡ûҵԼ˽ȥǾ鷳ˡ
ǡ
ȻҲ뵽һ档ÿȥլ밲ʱ򣬴涼Ǹһȥġ
ȻףլﶼһȺʲôˡ
Լҷô˵޲ýȫ¶һȥȻʵʡ
û򣬴ټʮˡ
ĸѾ߰˸СˣЩˣҲеˡ
СһӡɵسŹϵլȥ
լԺòԶҲͼֵľѡ

789Ͳ󣬿С

ʱϴլӵʱ򣬱뵽ˡ
ϡֻ̩¡һжչȫңլӱ㲻̫Զ
ղûл೤ʱ䣬ߵ˹ϵլ
լ֮컹ûг·Ҳֻɢɢļ˶ѡ
Žյɫţվſһ
š
Ȼ̫ʡҲֻۡ߶Ҵ𰸡ջء
һСʱǰϵͭ˼
ȸûȥӦС˻ͷһۡޱ顣
á
ôһۡȻûһ˻ûһˡ
ǡ
СӦһ֮תŴ۵á
˭ѽ˭ѽôһġ
߶һʮ⵽߶˲ͷ
˼ҵĺþҪȻҲôһֿ
߶˵ʣղû˿ʾŵǸС˼š
ۣۡ
ѽˣˣ˶Ǹ
ʮ߶˲򿪵
״մǰ̨ף߶Ǹ˽Żûȫ򿪵ʱմ˫һơ
߶˸û뵽ߵ˾Ȼôûнų״򿪵ʱ򣬾ʹ߶ƿš
Ҳ㲻Ҫˣˤ˸ƨɶն
ѽҵඡ˵˭ѽľ¶֪֪
ǵԪõżҡǳıӵˣôľ¶
ڵϵȵһʮҵӣüͷһַԼͲ󣬵С
ϼרŵһˣΪˤ˸ƨɶնԭû̧ͷײԼǺˣֻһζԼƨɡ
ߣֻүĶѡ
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ҪһǣȻҪ壬ԼҷѾԶˡǻǲµĺãúõĸ˲Ҫ¡
ŵշ룬һƺΪ塣
ʱյоǶ졣˸æ̧ͷȥҲֻյһӰ
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ʱ˸ճײõʱջƶ̩¡Ϊΰҹȥ˯
ʵ̲סʣ˳̩¡ҲֱˬԼëա
ʱջЦ̩¡þá´ղٵķ㣬Ϊ֪̩¡ۡȥԺȥסֻףסӡ
ųǼԺӶȥ
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ģʲô£ҪȻҲô󶯸ɸꡣ
ȻһԺӣҲһƿš
ﾲĵģһ˶ûУȴоһ˿
˵ʱûס˵ӡһɻҳζûСеȴŮ˵֬ζ
ʵۣ֬֬ҲЩԲġ
Ҳ˵ѾþûסˣҲԵŮסϾ̩¡רԺӡ
ΪõĽǹóĺöôô̱ǵζ
ôɴ˿ɼŮˣŮ˽ҵڶûߡ
ҪȻζڶûɢ
ĵһѾһֲõ뷨
뷨տܵġ̩¡ˣ͵ȵˡ
ˣһһŴķȥȻΪûеԵʣЩ谵Χ
ļ䡣֪ľλ
ο߶Ѿ۾ܿĵġ
ߵǰʱ򣬹ȻƽʱĴᣣȻǴȥġ
ɵ뷨Ѿõ֤ʵվֲײǽģײĲˡ
ûۿŵ̩¡ôǲĵġ
˶ԼŲֽϵĴᣡ
ʱһֱѰĴҲȼˣٵǰ
ǰϤףպһϡ
ŵȷʵ̩¡߶ȻһˣգҲϤģʯ߶Ф

790ȥȱ

ү
澪ȵĴһһŽϵ˾ѡ
ʱһ˿˿Ҳͨ˽ڴߣʹ˿øЩ
ţүˣūĺˡ
̩¡Ҳֻ۾ȴû۾һ߶ϰФǲһ
һֱѣ䳹ǡ
δεˮۿϣڴϡȴûκӦһ˫۾Ķ̩¡һ
꾫Ҳ㡣
濴Լĵģ۲ѣһ֮ϵӣ֮ĵĶФҡ
ҲֻǴõģûж롣
ȥֱϣʹŽгͬʱһ˫˵ۣҲ˿
۾еǷŭЦΨûи˯ѵ֮⡣ĵȴûп

ФƷһУñӽԼΡΡضա
ˣôˣ
ȻФյģȴûпǶǸҪ۾ˡ
Ҫĺ꾫㻹ʣôôҪȻҹҼҹү
治ҵĶѾˡΨЩƿյأ
ͷĴҲû룬һյĲ豭ӾҪФȥ

һĻŵФСɲʲôĶϿҪݵġ
ľҲٵġմɸӶϡ
Ф۾ãȴûеȵϴʹɵ۾˿
涪Ĳ豭ӣʱȻ̩¡Фĵһ
ƵĿպʹһۣ˵
ҲãҹүҪҪҪ˿ɲܻˣԺҪźүء
Ф˵ƳһԴ̩¡ڴϹùǰ
̩¡ФĻſܡվڴǰһʧա
ڶ̩¡ʧ͸ˡԼԺﹶң̩¡ȻôάǸūš
ôһӣɱҲΪû뵽̩¡ȻôάФġ
ʵôˡֻ̫Ǹո˯ѡһ۵̩¡һɫ峯Լ
ıܡ붼û룬ֱסʵ̸άФ
ǾĿǰò˻ɡһûнʲô˸ġ
ô¶
̩¡ҡҡͷһŽֻǵլͬԼңһţ֮ʲôǲˡ
һ۱Լǰ
үô¶Ҽҷ˶㲻Լʲô¶
ǸѽԼ͵ȵ¶ץˣھȻɻء
ū˵ķݶ
Ф㲻ˣ̩¡ش𣬱һĸ첲ָŴ档
ž
žžž
ӦյһơֱӴФϡջǲžžžơ
һİƣФϡ
ʲô
Фߺ޵񲻿˼Ķգ˷ŭ
ǵ̩¡ʱФϵķŭ֮ɿı顣
үôôƹأҲû˵ʲôѽ
Ф֣Ȼһѱס̩¡ĸ첲ϸŵı˲
һ±¶ǰŵһæһֻ֣סӸԼӡһֻȻӵ§̩¡ĸ첲
Ҳֻˣ˶վ⣬ʱФûˡ
ǱԵ˿Լӣô޽ϵҪˣûĸԸȢһ˿ӵŮˣ޻檡
ôô¶
̫ɵҲ֪ʲôˣɲԼĺФ¶
ˣФȥȱС
û̩ʻֻǳһ˫۾ĿФ
ǡ
¸ˣôʰ꾫أԼҷ˱´ȱкðȱԺ˭ҹǼҹү
Ѿ߾Ҫϴ´ģô´ȥأοȱ
ҲɵôܹԹԵȱأ
Ϸ˸ǰģȨȱҡ˵ѾүˡͲ߶˵ƶ𣿡
Фӣرס̩¡֡ǾôȥˣҲ档
⣿
̫˵ҪŪɣȴպݺݵصһۡ˲䵽Ļָ˽ȥ

791˾͵ȵèһ

֪ԼдȡԲաȱһФԭô޻˵
ȥ
̩¡ջԼĻźԸ
ҪүȾҡ
ФĺˣûвˣٻǰǴ¡
ФԴס̩¡֡
̩¡һֱôԭФΪˡ
һŮôеùѾߵ˵ŮΪѾ̫ˡ
ʱȻ׵ر㱻˴
Ф壬ֱϵǰФϣģФʧס
ǿФϵĺۼģΪԼ۾룬ղⶪһѣѻ粻ء
ΪФʱ̩¡ʱϾֻһɴ滹Ŷ㡣
նФľǼɴڿûˣҲûʱ㣬˾ôһɴ˳ȥ
Ժֻżסһأ˴ɨ֮⣬һūŶûС
ԺվŵˡɶմġԸ˽ФȱеʱѾ˰һѳʷԺӵС
Фһ㱻ѹڳϡ
ϣԼϺӣү檣Ǹ㲻ϵĸ
ФȻѹšеģһӣһ·š޲լõ
ˣҽ꾫ϡ
ղФáǴܲˣҪФһҪȱУȥ˺죬ô
߶ĽղûᡣվڴߣĶŴϣһ̩¡
˵鲻
յޱ顣̩¡е飬ǼҪԼ
ȻʱǺģиģҪҲӦ֮ͬ檡ǲǶӵأ͵͵ġ
ʵҲѾ¾̩֮ᷴ¡檵ġ
ǣ⸱ǣϸûһضûи
ʯϸ͵͵ı̩¡лլЩĵ顣
ĸԸһ£һ¶Щ鲻ãôЩ鶼á

Цǽ˵̩¡˵ĵһ仰ֻһ仰߶ļζʮ㡣
ҵ۾ʵңҵķ͵͵ĺͱŮӸһ
ǹϸûعҡ
ǡ
ͷ漴ҡҡͷ
ûΪǹһӰŮ
ҪΪҲԣܸҪͬ˵˵ɣ
ô͵͵ĻصլƲģôĵ¶
վԼ޳ҲԼԼ
ʾԪãĵС㡣Լϡ
ǰһζùЩŮӡΪ̩¡
̩¡ǳ׽Щɫ˸顣
ԴӼ˻϶ԼҽںԼҲѾְ顣
ʵ鲻ǱضСäĿΪԼϲǲǰ飬ɵӲŻ¶
ᵽһΣŶеζʹûУеĸʧ
ǵġңûҲ֪ôġ
̩¡յĻɵýô˵ȴ¶һﰲŵġ
׶ô죿ֻϣմһ㣬һ㣬ȱһФ¶ҲôȥǻǹԼӡ
̩¡֪Ů˵ĺСС¶Ѿӣô㲻ٶ̩¡Ը
Եһжһ͵ȵζǱһʰͺ͵ȵèһȻڼЩҲͬĵ
̩¡ĽͣҲֻ֮Աǡǰ̩¡Ӳһ
̩¡ָҵ¸ҵˣϵ̩¡Щձ˶һ˽ý
ֻһζƲԼԼԭ֪ʯǸʲôԣôĵڽլ
ʵˣ檵뷨˰ɣҪȻҲƵĳլ
һ뵽վ͸ˣԼ۹ôôһˡ
ˣҲЩֻϣԼԺһ㡣
˵Щת뿪̩¡˸æƿҪȥ׷գһҿӱ㷢֣ԼҲǻ¹ġ

792ұݶǿ

ʼѰԼ·ڴ䷢ֱһŵ㡣
̩¡űŲ
·ôȻһˣôǰĴ·ܾյĻš
̩¡·ãȥʱմСѾ˹ӡ
üѾФıβ
ФʹҪޣΪﱻš˸ûܽеĳ
ȻһˣʯǰɡλɱԵ˸ߵĶ࣬ͺ̼һ㡣
ֿܹࣿǹϼֱĵۡʱФ޵ϡﻩġ
ҪɱˣƴʱѾ˸ǧٻˡ
ӴӴס֣ס֣
һҪФϡ⴫ʯϵ
Сʯϵ֮󣬱ͣĹӡ˵ǵպ̩¡Ϸ˿ǼӵĶϷ˵ĻҲҪġ

վȻԼСĻͣˣɵõŭ⡣
ˡФȱлҪȱС
С˼ԼҷˣҲҵ飬˲ԼĹӣžž´Фβ
ФҸǰˣҪҪʱֵЩ˶ˣ
ʯһɣߵФԣФǰ
С˶ʱ²ˡϷ˵ôҪһСĽϷ˸ˣǿɾͳ¶ˡ
ÿճû¶ˡ
̩¡ʱԽ͡˵ȱУﶨȻֻ
絽ˣǲû¶ԼҶһκϵԽԽǿô죿
ΪҪФҸɵҡźҲ쾭¡
ʯϽСĹսűһǶյĲ
ղûΪǸӶ϶˲֡Ҳû˿ɶֻϷ˵Ф̩¡檵ʱһ¡
ǣҿǸԼºӣҶҸһ檣Ϊǹ
㾹ȻĺݣҪФȱСǲҪǹ϶Ӿ
仰ȻԣǸʯһĺ̼Ρ
֮һûԣΪФֻһɴԸ˴һФ֮
ָյı
ҿ㲻ĺݣĲСȻֻФһɴſ
Ҹҡ˿Ƕ˵ģҸ硣ֱǹϵɥǡ
̼ԽԽ𾢣ԽԽôˡκûǸᡣ
һˣϾȻ¶ȥûģϡ
ĸŮ˵áգգһ¡ȻĺݡôʵЩǿʲôкݶ
ˣϷ˺ͺ̼θ뵽һԡȻФѾү檣ôĸģͷȨ
Цû˵Ф̩¡檣ʯǼҪﱣסФôҲ޿κΡ
ǿڿ˵Ф̩¡檣ʲô檾үӷ˵ūš
һĸһҲǷҲͣȫƾ顣
ôǲãҪȱФɡ
Ҵ򡣡
յʾ⣬ԼԵĸСѾʹ˸ɫĸСѾߵͷֳʯϺͺ̼ηţ뵽һԡ˵ĸʺһ㣬ǿסǽӽФ
ѹФĵĸСˣʱԼĹӡ
žžžĳФıβʹȥ
Ф۵ֻܳʯֱС
κʯϱţҲܹȥФФʹģ
ʯҲ۵ġФڶĶϱѡȴڳһգյļǹаǶаʯϲ̫ͬȢա
ȻФ˵ޣǻǴ´ġʱ򲻽ܰѹסգһ檡
˵Ф߳ġʯȻ۵ġ˶ոĽ
ʯϵĻôˣȻȲФôŵġͷԼĶϱҲ˳µġ
뵽ʯֱӾ֣ҪһԵճȥ
ոоΣϮܵһһʹȥ
ϾŮӵɲһŵϷܼġʯϱȥ
һûվȾͳź߶ȥ˭Ҳû뵽鷢ͻȻûȥʯϵ׼
ʯϵĺֱֱײż֮ϡ
һĻŵ˶˺շӦʱæȥʯϡ

793Ƕ˷֮

ʯΪܴѾԣսʱ򣬱̽ĺ
ֻǻԶʱһڲϲʯϣҲûҪġʯһˤʱ򣬵һܹıա
ʱ̩¡ҲŻعǰһƿգʯϣ鿴ơ
ձ̩¡Ƶֱ̨ϣǿɶʯͷ̵ģô͵һƣյβȻۡ
ȻʯϲƵģǰںйϵҲû̩¡һơ
ҪʯϵҪڼ̩¡żѾǿӲĽ
ģû¶ֻˡ
̩¡ż˸æ͵˭֪̩¡ͷһ˫Ѫ۾ضա
ĶȻġ
ӵ̩¡ĪջΪ̩¡۾￴һ˿Ͳš
ղɵһ֪̩¡ǺԼġ
Ϊ˭оչƵʯϣŵʯϵĻԡ
̩¡ĻһͰˮͷֱൽŵףӶ÷

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Ҿ㣬Ҷи̣ҶȻŹ㡣
̼̩ͬ¡һһ˫Ѫ۾գղں̼εĿں̩¡ġ
Ϊղŵ£Ѿ̩¡ʧ̫ˣǱϾǷޡ
Ϊʯϵˤ֮Ѿ϶Ҫعѵķޣˡ
ȥ븮ҽФͻȥչš
̩¡һѱʯϳԺȥߵʱ򻹷Ը˽ФúõĻͻȥ
һ仰ǽ֮ն˸һɶ
ȻôάŮˣôմҲûʲôãҲôӭ
ˣȻظɣ
ֵɫôáŴﻹҪ˰ۣԼҸšϷ˵϶˵ġ
㲻ߣ㺦ҶԲѣ㵽ƨˡ˵ʲôĶҲȥ
̼һȻظѾߵԺſڣһ˻
ﻹԲأѪܣ¶
˺̼κݺݵקյֱۣʯϵԺӶȥ
ſҡ
ձҲûߡ˵¶ǹģҲûʯϰãҲ
ҲŲſģſ㣬㲻ˡ
յĻ̼ץĸġƵôȻҪۡЩȻȻһƸ
ſңҲߡ
ʹһˤ̼εˤҲ̼ô룬ʯϵԺӶԶȥ
״æԼһСѾʮɫѾͬһ޹ġȻƫյġ
ȥͬϷǽһ飬˵˱˹ϡϷ취
æԵСѾߣ˵һ䣬Ըĵ뿪ϸۡ
ڴ濴Լҷ˲ԸǱ̼θǿӲ
˵ԼҷҲûʲôЩô˵ǹϵĴ
СѾߵ˵ͷȻͷ飬û˶ĵ˳鳯Ÿſڶȥ
ʯ̩¡֮󣬲øҽ˹֮ȷֻײ»Բ޴󰭡
̩¡һȥʯϰҩ
侲̫֮Ũ췢顣
ԼҲоղŶʵ̫ˡˣô
ֻԼҶ˺֮յԭ¡
ߣҿҶû¶ҲΪôһ⣬ǰôûоôݶأԼŶ֡
μνԼҶû¶ָ֮һͨáԼҸѾФΪ檣ԽԽۡͲʹ졣
ȥҵǸ˲ùϷ˲
ûĺ̼ΣҲʲôװ󷽣Ҳ顣
һ˲͸ǡպ̩¡֮ʹ˳׶ˡ
ΪޣԺŹ··κθԡ
վ˹ϵһŮˡϲϷңտ֪ġ
ȻǻҸ񣬵ҲԼϵģĻϿӦˣµĺѡǻеİҲһأϹѡһ̩¡
ַǶյĳͷˡ
ˣΪʲôǸ˲ο͸ģϷ˲޴󰭣ΪʲôҪ˲θǣ
ǲ⣬Ϸ˲ûʲô󰭡װ͸һ˲Σǻ

795Ĺλô

ҵģ˻ȥù
һŴϵʯϣȻô
Ǻðɡ
죬˼Ҳֻ˸ҪתȥԸѾ߻ظȥõʱȴ̼θ
һ˲ôأҿǼǵùԪһҩġҶ󻹵úô㽫һҩĶ͹
ұȫ˶֪һϱĲТƵԼšھЩȦԺ̧ͷ
̼α͵յЩöء˻ᣬôֻܾһ˲δأ
һ䣿
治˼һָͷôȥأʨӴ󿪿ڣҲ·ͷ
̩¡ôΪ
ûлػֻǶţһŵ̩¡
̼Σɩɩļױ
̩¡ûж˵ֻ˵յļױôξյ¶
ʲôױȻǹϣǹϵġ
һ䶫ôվʲôԴɾͲҪˡ
̼οɲôֻ֪࣬һҩɿھǧġ
һҩģĸŮԺЩȦ߶һˡ
ҪɡҲûʲôá
̩¡ʵûж룬ֻԼõԸĲӦĻ
챣׼ǣʱջôھ̧ͷأԼΪ롣
ǣǹĸʨӴ󿪿ڡ
ЦһֲǱ֡ʯҪǰֻҷѡ
ҼȻǹϵϱô˲αТŵģһˡ
תڿĸˡ
ҲͲ𣿡
ʱТΪȡôТΪıȥھˣھˡ
̼ξǴ⡣
вҡ
͵תһָԼ
ˡ
ɲΪˡԼŮ˸Ӷʧȥıӻ
˵ĹλѾ᧿ΣˡǸһ󴮵¶ǿǽͷöˡ
̼Ĺλôģǹôģ
ûգǽֻôˣвҡ
ϵȻӣǰͻݲУеֻİ
㾹Ȼвң
̼βô֪ܲԼôġ
㶼вǼҷˣΪʲôǼҷ˲в㣿Ҽҷ˵Ҳʵ
濴ȥһ̼θһϲϷ˳һҹӶûС
ֻ֪Լҷ˵ЩױҪǼ޵¼ȥӦͱżʰ˰ɣ
ۣ۸һСҡ
̼
̼˵գ̩¡ʩѹϾ׵ģȴǡ
죬ɩɩ˵Ķԡ
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ҲôÿŴӿɶҪģŮ˷ңг
̩¡Ҳ˵ʵôɫÿأ
ߣݡ
̼βһתܳӡ
һʱֻʣ̩¡պʹ棬ڴϻԲѵʯˡ
˭û˵ﾲĿ¡ûߣΪʯ֮뿪
ȴ֪ʱѾ˸š
øƷǰǸҺ֮ˣҲǸɫԣǷǵĺͿ
˱ȻƷˡȻǷŭģտֵġ
ڸʱ򣬺ʱֳܹ裬ż޹ȥ̩¡ĳ谮ҲҸһ
أ⻹һͱż
һôȥ
˵ĶԣǹϣǰҲֻһƷǰ
ҪȢգǹְô죿
ֻƢģһƷһȻƺϱϡ
ϣҵСⶼҪˣĪҪ
ƺǸأ¸һ˳Ҫˡ
ȻҲǵԼõġ
˵ڹϵլµʱ򣬸ȫ˹
Тû֮⣬Ϊȥ糯ˡƷ佫ְСȻȥϳ
ƺү׼ڼԼϱҲûȥ糯
ǾĪҪˡǸ𣿡
ƺҲôһ˵Ϊ˶֪Ǹô¡
Źϲ֪ܲҲû롣

794

˵ʲô㣿
ø첲͵Ķƺһ첲⡣һ˵Ҳϡ
ɩԲ𰡣ҲǸ˼
ƺһͿһʱҪˣҲˡ
֪Լ˵󣬸æһԵϵǸ
ϾҴɩңô˵Ҳô˵
˵ǣûʲô˵ġ
ϹһЦûʲôںģȻ׸¶ôͲ˵
ﲻҼүȥϿô
Ҫǹ۸գôҲøֻһ
Ͼ֣漴£ǽһɴ䡣һԵԪԴ
ôԼϱײУԺĺҲһǸײеĺǾˡ
˲ײСǺģ˵Ժ⺢Ҳء
϶ɣⶼҪˣ϶뿪
ҡҡͷ⸻ڼ˵ƺǰžߣžҪҲ˵
ôȥ
ƷԼظԼʤ
͸ˣ
ûĵԼһۡ
һĴϴȥϸ»ǿ϶С˵û쵽ء
ô
ƷȻҲԼĶ̴˷ʵ
ȻˣôֻԹȥһˡ
ԼϵķһѶϣͷһԼȹڡѾ׼ˡ
Уֵأôöһȥأ
ƺֵͬ
㿴ô󲮺һͬȥҲĵ㡣
һȽϿеĽ顣
Ӿãϱ˵û
ƺͷԣ䣬һһ仹һϲɡ
ţȻˣϴ߰ɣ
϶ԼȹڡȳŶȥ
ϴƷϣĸһ·ϵլ
ʱլڣ̩¡ʯϵԱ߶Ҳڣ˶ûп˵
ƷĻһ·ʯϵԺӡ
ǸʲôĴլ
̼ξֵƷʱƷŭҲ൱ֲġ
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վȵˣ뵽ʲôģԼ߶Ĵ濴һۡ
ô콫ԼߵôҲֻдˡ
汻ôһɵõͷҲΪԼҷ˺۸ˡ
ҲֻƳһۣ㽫Ŀ˻ôܲǵʲôأ
ĸ˸硣
һֱͷ̩¡ͻȻô˵æ̧ͷ˼Ʒڶ
ߣٲ֪Ҽ۸أ
ƷǸӡͲĶ̩¡һ
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̩¡е飬ϾԼ£һ˵Ǻ¶
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ƿƷߵ̩¡ǰ
ĸѵһңҪϷƹվôһϷ˱ˤˡҲҪϲɡ浱ձˣ
Ҳ̩¡ֱ⡣
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ǼóúãҪʲôſûУ޸һĹϡ㲻֪ϧҲͰˣȴ۸ɲһġ
ĸѵǣСĲԡҽҶˤȷʵյ¶Ф£СһʱͿ
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ϺƷȭͷ޻һûи̩¡һ˿ʹ˼ҵǸ̬áҲ˵ʲô
ǴˣҲ㲻ƽϡҾȽմ㽫ԼЩ´ջظ
ϱϾǴͳŮԣ¶ڴҲûպ̩¡롣
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˵ִ˶յҲν
ǹҪĿıǸЩˣյıȻҪ۸գȵߵߺô
ǣĸմȥϢС֮󣬱ȥջظ
Ҫջظ̩¡ȻûɾܾģȻܾˣԾˣ˼ҽӻȥˡ
գ߰ɡظ
Ʒ̩¡תվҪ뿪նΪû˿ԼҸôһȻȻĸž뿪ˡ

796˼ĵ˭

ջ֮˱Ϊ¾ôˡ
˭֪»Ǳ˴˳ȥֻȴһ汾ġ
ȥ˵ղϴӴʳԣҪ̩¡ɵȱ
ȴϷֹˡջģһƵϷˣϷ˻Բѡ
Ȼ˼ڸģ˽ˣҪһѵˣ̩¡ҵֻƿ
Ǿ춼ȥˣŽ´ǴС
Ϣһʱұ㿪ʼѹƣ˳ǸɢҥԵģҲֻ鵽ϢǴլﴫȥģ˭Ͳ鲻ˡ
ͬʱ̩¡Ҳ֪ЩһɵľԼã̼ν˹ţǺ̼Լġ
̩¡ԼõӣȻ̼Ű裬̰һӦ£ȴûзڹ
Һ̼Ҳһûӵģ֪´ȥĺ˵òǺ̼Ρ
ôп˭أһʱ֮䣬̩¡Ҳû⡣
ֵǶ֪ǹǲ֪Ƶģûмκ𡣻˵ϢȽỹûдء
ʱ
Ŷ˵Ŀģ
ʺһ˷ܣԼߵ塣
ֻͷ
ǧȷū̽ʱţʱ򣬾Ѿˡ׼û
⵹Ȥˣҿ磬ˣǺǣŻôһ¡
ʺЦ
ɲҵĹҲһǵģȻҪȱǸңǹϵϷ˸Ƶˤأ
ЦЦСŻʺȻ֪ʲô
ǱǸǳ㱻ˣҲʮѡǸݵġ
ʺ˵ʮȻ˵Ǽ£ʱ̵ģȫ󹬶֪ȻҲ֪
ڻ֪ɣ
ʺͻȻ뵽ʲôģ΢΢תͷ塣
Ӧò֪ɣڻûأѵ롭
۾һǹһĨصЦݡ
㹬ﴫˣԪ˸ˣԪ۵Ľ϶ŲԪ֪
ʺбϣֻʶŤӡ
롭
ȻԪ֪ô˸֪ԼҺ÷£ô֪ܲأ
ʺЦЦưΪԪľˣԼ֪Ķˡ
ūˣūŶȻҪԺúõĸ֪Ԫġ
΢΢ʺ˼ףС»󣬴»ԪĲô
˾ȥ
ʺ˦˦ӣ̧ͷ˿ͷ˹к·ˡ
ūȥ
ǰŻʺ΢΢Ҫ׼뿪
ĪҪԼ֡
ٳȥʱ򣬻ʺ⽻һ䡣
ūס
׻ʺ˼ԼҪմ¶ֻҪϢͿˡ
ʡĵʱ鵽ôͲˡ
š
ʺڰʾȥˡûá
󹬿ʼŹЩԡ
ֻЩԱȹ˵ʲôյҰˡûһаŮΪͽԼ̣ˡѾˡ
Ϣڹֱȳһķɿ졣
ʱûյϢΪǶڹﲢû˶߶ЩϢһ֪ġ
Ҫ߶תһתûáǽ߶мСŮһֹ
ֻϡļʡ˵ʲôˣʲôղظҰˡ
һתƵȻҲˡ
˵ɫ䡣
˭ҽӻϢ˶䡣
æʾȥ¶Ǽ١ԼӶôá
һ¡ǲǽнһʱ֪
ȴǺúŪġƿ꣬Լһ˷ΡΡߵµ¡
ȥ˸н
ȻˡⱾˡǲнĻ࣬ΪʹԼ̥
뿴˿꣬εĵ˵ͷֻóȥߵļһ𴫽
ūŸԪ밲򸣽𰲡
СŮŵû˵ĲϾ۵ԪҡҪΪ¶ǵԪﲻˣôǺùӳԵġ
˵Ǹղǽ߶˵Ļٸ˵һ㣬һֶ©򱾹㽫ȥ˾
úõ飬ǵȻ޴档

797

СŮôһвʱҲѣһһʮԼġԸ˵˸
ƨⶼǷƨãұѵ
һӡŵùǺԲΡΡض࣬κ쳣
ĪĪȫǵģ˭֪ǸʲôˣЩԶǷ̰ոҵġɲܶ
궢һһظĵĲˡ̫ҽֹˡ
Ҫи̫ҽҪˡ
С¹ӣС¹ӣҲ顣
һһü
һ֮󣬱Ŷӣɫֵꡣ
ŵһ
ô
Сʵ
군ˣ̫ҽţҪˡ
ŸûоʹΪһɤˮˣֻоȼһʪ
̫ҽ
˲䳡ҵһͿеȥ̫ҽеȥүеȥš
ǽµϡ
꣬ǵǽҸȥ
һʵڲҶһˮĸˡ
Ϊ˸µĹϵ̫ҽҲ졣үĸ졣Ϊʹ㳯ȥ
ڰ·ϱ߼ūţŻŵȥ̫ҽԺ
үú棬һʣ֪Ҫˡ
ǼҲסˣֱӴȥ
ɿ˺߶ŵһ̫ࡣ̫ܲѽ
үʱϣܺôֻүһˡ
ףүôһ˹ˣ񹫹أ
һϡкүĶȥˣ
үͷºüߣҪǼȼĿӶʪˣΪǰūźأ
ڶʲôʱˣ㻹пҪôûūŽ㱧أ
ү˵žƣĨҪ࣬ȴֱӸܾˡ
үܶٶҵˮ͸ˡʱͲˡ
һйиȻ֪ˮҪԡ
үһô˵ʱҶˡżΧתתȥ
үתתͷۻġ
һסүͣ
ǡ
ү˵ȴһͣµĶ
ʱү˵ˡ
үţ㣬Ҫеš
ָָԼǰԶĵӣʾүһš
˵үˣſţҲԸⰡ
ˣүжһŵӣϣֱ֣ͦ塣
̫ҽһͬʱ򣬿ľ
һ󸹱Ůӣһεӣ֣һԺϽһĽģ
Ҫʱ䣬ص㣬ϣﲻԣЩ˷ǵЦһһҹɡ
ϣ
̽Ľһȴүݺݵصһۡ
̫ҽԪơ
ʹԼߵ̫ҽǰ
Ȼһ̥ǵʱѲԼǸʱţڲһˡ
һоûУֻ¸һʪ֮⣬ûа㲻ʡ
ŽţҲ͵үҲرšֱ壬Լһ£ˮͶһƵġ
̫ҽôһУع߻ȥͷ͸
ˣᶼү飬ŵĶ̫ҽ
̫֮ҽջ֡
Ҫˡزɣ
̫ҽ˵ţߵһԡ
ԪŰ˸°
ɻʳڣҲүʵģֻʱеŵ˵
û⣬͹һ
̫ҽԵ򶨶ˡֲûмο֣
˫̥ǿԣãΪʱĺѾͣҲƣԽǴĸԽĸӪĸ˵Ԫʱá
̫ҽһˮһֱô죿
ŶӣСʵΪԼ㣬ˮĿˡҴ˵
⵽Ϊ̫ҽˮڹȻáֻţȻȥţ׼¡ҪȻô
үô룬и÷
˽̧ˣ˵
̧κԪһ
үǾˣһ룬ҲǸӡ
˲һͽ˰˸ˣһ̧εһţȵĻ̌˽ȥ
棬Ժﲻɵţֲõʮ̧ţΪܵһΰ̧Ρ

798

ȵĽ˲Ѿˣ౻ȵķڲϡ
Թԣô۲ۣ۵Ļͺ
үȻǸŽ˲һûмһһԱߡ
û¡
ҡҡͷû۵ĸо
үȴΪڰοԵŮʱ۵Ĵ󺰴еġôôġ
ϣԪҪˣȥš
һ곤֣ߵүǰȰ˵ү￪
ΪЩڹۻ֮أӲ̤룬οǴ峯Ļء
޲ߣԪ
үҡҡͷôش¶ôԽһ˶߶
ʹáԹűûӽĵ
ּöͷϵĺˮˡ߶ҲҶְ
ЩһʱϵûûصģҪǵϲ죬Ƿǿô죿
үͳȥһǵڶ̥ˣҲ졣
ȻҲүԼһ뵽үĵλ㻹ȫ뿪ɡ
ʡĵʱʱŵŲҶֻ鷳ˡҪһע⣬̥ʲôǾ͸鷳ˡ
ү㡣
ү˼룬ǲģҲ֪ûӽĵⲻô
үʲôĵġƣһ㶼ʹ
ʹĽүúÿ
ȻүɫĻҪ
аɣү߶ţʲô¶һϽ
ҶɫȷʵʹӡĲ٣һ
վôվڲܿ԰ɣ
ţ
ͷүŲ鲻Ը˳Ҳĵضһӷ߶
СŻϣԻϵ˼һûʱ뿪Ԫǲܵġ
ſڵӣүֻ͵ĿһۣŶſڣһһ
˵Ҳˣôûаʹأ
үߺ
굹ǽŵģһ仰˵
ȻоʹΪ⹬ڻûء
̥һ֣Цſˡ
ԭˡ
ͷֲһʹо
꣬˵ЩԿġ
ȻڻûôţԾ졣
ô
һˢ֪˭ʱ뵽Щ¶ҲǼһˡ
ôû飬Щ˵۸ͷˡѵ˵ˣ
һǾӵŭ̲סҪ󶯸λ
ôһ͸о¸һʹ΢ǲϸܣһܲ
ӼȻ֪˹ģЩʲô
벻ͨˡôԵ¶һݺȴĸһ
ǿɲС˼Ҷ۸ͷˡôҲ˵ҲҪȥ
С΢΢ʹֱӸԹȥǣ˭ݺң
úúãҵӣҪϢһ£֮ٺúõĲ顣
æοࡣովΪԼӶһŵˮˣҪҲһ񲻽ڸˡ
Ҳ¡¶һǸҸɵġ
ûİοԹԵ˵š
ûūҲôΪںú磬˰֮ٺúôĸô
ԼȰ࣬ô˳Ļ˵
ҲôΪģǲǣҾ֪һǸ쵰ġ
͵һĴ塣Լ뵽һȥˡ
ۡ
ΪôʱоһʹϮɱȸղǸ΢΢ʹǿ˲֪ٱ
ôˣţ¡
ŵѯʡ
ĪżĹָˣˡ
ŵĴȼı
⻹һμ˹ڿ֮졣һʱ䡣ӹûֱָٰ
ʹ֮ܺࡣϾ֮ǰʹҲֻһһġȵʹƵʱǲ֮ʱ
УһҪǸңպһס
ǹʹ֮߬˫ȭȫû뵽Լڿء
ūˡڻǰɡ
꼱þͲû¿ͷˡ
ǻϲ̫༱żԼһŮûջǵġ
У¶鲻
ۡ

799

Ҳ밲ӣ¶ģû취
һʹУü
ô£ΪʲôԪе˴
үָ
֪ŮӲ𣿿ҵʱʱǿʹȥġ
ôأŶˣʱȥʱѾˡ
ŮӶˣĵȴ
Լͷڵ亹߶ȵˣ˲ѣôԪӣ߶Щ˶ĵء
Ļүүסˡվſȥ
̫ݵʺݵ
үվʱſڴ̫ϸĳ
̫ͻʺҪġϢʹʱ˹
̫󻹸ɣֻɵŸͷһֱ̫һ仰˵
ʶôˣ
үæӭ˹ȥ
õԪҪˣܲ
̫˼ף˾ΪӵĺӶ
̫ͻʺȥϢ
ү״Ҳû˵ʲôæ̫ͻʺȥܲҲŰɡ
˵ʺûʲô̫Ͼүǲס
ϲ𣿡
̫˼үûϣͣ½Ųתͷȥʡ
ػʶЩԪˣȥţ˺Ϣӱ֪ͨʶ
үһ۰Ĳæ̫͡
ôôһˣ߶һûأүɵõ
ˣϾ谮ӡôұͻʺš
̫ڰ֣Թŵ飬ĶȴǸ֡ĺôжĺô
ѾˣҲôˣĵܶñˡ
̫֮үߵſڡ߹߹ȥкüζֱƻš
סˣԼóȻĽȥŵǾͲˡ
棬һʹ֮ꡣڵвٵһһۣһһ۵ġ
ūӱ˵ˣʡһҪء
һ࣬Լ֪Ĵ㣬æھܾ
ţ
һʹϮҧ
Ҽӵ׻жòôĥҲǸ취ѽ
Ȼʹ꿴Žš
ϣ˹ˣղĹڿǿر죬ȴôҲˡ
ִӱ¶˸顣ҪôһͿָһ㶼ˡΪӲ֣ôͷһμ
ӣоô
ֵĻֽĿתϡ
ңȥûϺúõ飬һǸҵĹҪǱץסҷǵóƤɡ
һץסĸ첲۵ͷˣﻹ벻¶Ҫôȥ¶ܳΪĽᡣ
ȥ¶⺢ѽ
⻰ûںƺĸоԼܸоԼһӶʹ
ֻܽĶ˶ţȻתŲȥ
֨
Ŵ߶үæǰ
ôԪôˡ
һүҲŵĴһ￴ǳȥ򲻵ࡣ
ΪϣҼӻδأֻҼ˵ˡ

⻰˵һ룬ͱʹˡ
Ϊǿŵģүʹ
˵ʲôôôʹ˻ûء
ҵȻ˽ŮӵĹ̡ʹΪѾǺʹˣȴֻ֪ǹڿָѡ
ʮָȫǸʹʲô
Ҽ˵ˡĴһǸģﻹ˵ˣ¶鲻⺢ʵ
Ҳᡣ˭иӻֳôһ㲻ɣǼ˵˲⺢ӾܲԼӾôźӰɣ
죬ȥ޵顣
ү벻ôֻ࣬߶ʹ࣬ôӦ㡣
ǡ
Ĩһ麹ԪʱЩа
ת뿪Ҳʲô¶
үΪ롣ڵ֪¶ʱȴڰ·֪
һ֣ô¶ɾͿ˺ܶࡣһʱǰԱ˸
õԼĶæǰ¶ǹغԪӵĴ¶á

800Ҫĺ

үЩ£žͽϼµٺ»ˡ˭֪Ϊ¶ôүƱػ
񽫵ľڵݸүʱүҲ¿һۣȻ˵
㽫ľ˴ȥ࿴
ؾڣһһֿȥȻһ
ţ
֮һʹϮҲ˲ľڡ˫߬ȭŵָӡ
ܺãͱˡū⹬ûñȫˡ
ο˵Ǵ۽ˡǸһΡ
ǰԼЩиһʵڲֵһᡣ
ɱʯϣˣǵúúóγ㲻ɡ
ʹ߬ȭүأҲֻ΢΢һЦѡ
ֻҪˣһ϶ѡȻܸҲջءʵǲֵһᣬֵ˴󶯸λ

үʱִһС
ˡǵĽкļ߰ײ
ˣ׼ˮ
е˸æܳȥˮеü޲
Ӻôڴϣһ˫۾˫ֽԼϸŵıӡ
ڴβĸ֣Ϊָ
ūŵģūŻʱʹ
Ƶӱﴫ񶼿ԿӵͷˡҲҪˡ
ֵĻͷڱôܿüͷأ
һǻŵģҲû⣬ֻƵôһ˵
ͷˡ
ͻȻڸ
ۡ
ø͵һɡоһԼȼ们˳
һ֮۵ĴʱһƽһһڶѾһôһͺˡ
ȻҲôΪģһеһִ֣ӡ
ճۡһҪҲȽ鷳Ŵ֣ʣһ
ġﻹһճūŵū˵ʱʹ
һԴһۣ۾ڴϵ࣬ͬ˵һ䡣
ȴû֨ȴӦˡ
һĻʣµһֹһЦȻӡ
һ֮ʹвûʧûһоһʹӸȫ

ʱʣµǸ֣ʹ
Ȼ۾ȫڸ
εĸоȴϴεĲͬϴεһʹһӱȼ们˳ȴûУɸоԼ߶
Ȼоȴû⣬ϾӲһô򵥵¶
ŵڶʹϮʱֽһһȫּڸһͬϴһɸоûá
಻ɵġڵʹʱಢûʹ
ʹеĸйٶڸ£ֻоʲôһֱơ
ӲӦǵһʱקôܻأ
ҪӱĶﲻɡ
һ뵽ʹһսѵָʹҪĺӡ
ϾŰ˸ǺӳʲôȫԹ֮ϡ
ˣ

ֻϽķȥֻȼ֣ʱĲڴβͷÿľĴ
֮ԻΪΪཫеȲϣһŽָ˳ӡ
꽫׽ס֮˵ţ
סʹʱܲðһաȻֵģҲԼ
ӣô£
걻һĻŪˡֲӽôڴβͷ
ҵģȸҹ׼κ˽ӽֹȥӸǰţ׼˽ӽ
üͷʹȻӣȻʹĻ飬ԴģЩҪǴ̡
صı飬ҲʶһʲôƵġæ˽Դʹеָȥ
ȥչ³ĺӣҽֽ˹
ףôˣūŲǷԸ𣿡
һ²ްӰɻʵ
֡ﻹһӣӱ㽻ˣǺƽƽĽȻ֡

801ĸƽ

ڲ֪ӣΪԼӶôʱ䣬᲻ʲô⣬ԲŻô˵
ҲǸˣڹôˡҲ֪еΪ裬ϲʱֽš
ֶȻǱʲôˣӺͿ¡
ظࡣ
ģūŶȻȫĺƽ¡
ǸʵˡԼ֮ǰȷʵмҵǽӱһһܾ
һţʶ˶ٺӳȻ֪Щϵܿɹ
Щ϶ֽšһ˵ȫԪӡ
뵽ҿȼı˽ȥ
һ䡰ллûп
һʹʱūŵķԸСοҲһˡ
ȼһӣ֣صض˵һ䡣
ֵıֹ֪ۡҲǣóʿĺӣô˽ȥôʱ䡣
ţ
ĵ˵ͷĳĳԭ
ܵʹȴûʹһΡ
ԽԽʹԽԽʹ
ʹ
͵ô˵ཫȫܵڸ
˲оȼһʪ΢΢¡ĸҲȥˣôûа
һʱ޵ĿˣôһûУʱ
֣ôˣ
ʱ֪ˣʵ
ȴûֵĻӦˡҪȥԼȵµĺԼ֡
״Ҫֹ࣬ǿԼĵǣŸΪࡣԿλ
ֵֻߵźӣͣںʲô
ۼˣ⺢Ӳų㱻˴³ĶԴ֪ôԴһھǺӵһֻ죬һԡ
Ҳ˲ϵ顣ԹԵ͵Сһ졣
һյĹ򣬱Сһ³ٵĻɫҺ塣
֮ıǺ۵Ĵ
һڷۿŵˮҲ״æ壬ɾᡣ
Ů꺢ӿǲܿ޵ģ¸ʲôӲǿɾͲˡ
л֣⺢һ
ڴϣ΢΢Ŵβʾл
ĪҪˡСֻһʱǺˡѾ޴ˣūͱȥһٸﴦʣµ̡̥
ΪཫˣǶ̥һʱûзԻõôһ
үѾȲˣ۵ĴԼ˰ųǸ֣ȴ֪淢ʲô
߶Ȼʲô¶ҪȻһúõĽ־Ȼᱻų
үˣҪҪײŵʱȴ߶ˡ
һֱһСӤ
ūŹϲϲλ磬ﰢĸ˾ƽ¡
ūŹϲϲð磬ϲϲð硣
һһһĴ˳ȥ
ϲȲ̫ͻʺȻվ˳
̫Ϲŵϲʺһ˿ʣ֣֮󣬸æԼ顣Ҳ̫һһϲı顣
̫ͻʺ˸յſڣүҪ̫ɵʵ
ʵۣҪʲô
ʶӵԪͽȥ
үȻ̫һۡŽ͵
ۻ֮һܽȥġ
̫󵱳ǳ⡣
ӹܲôˡ
ү˹ܲˣⶼ೤ʱˣû洫ϢȻ˵ĸƽүûпƽ࣬Ͳ
㡭
̫һָү
̫
үתԸ˽̫ͻȥ̫үЩǣԻ̫ȥĺá
̫롣
Σ˭ǴĻأ
ߡ
̫֪ԼҶִֵԸֻĲ鲻Ը뿪
ڻʺȻඡ
̫ߺүû˹˼ֱӴ˽ȥ»ʺſڡ
Ϊβֹأǲ
岻ף£ʺӦȰ衣ûãҪһԡ
ΪҪֹֹ̫Ϊϻģ
ʺɲڻϸǰӡ
˵ͷʺ˵Ҳǣ̫ûа취ϸ˻ȥοǻʺء

802

ΪŮжϸûȥڹԪһʲôģ
ʺ󹴴һЦӵģȻ֪һʲôĳ
Ϊ꣬ȻһѪζҲܿͨ磬ζܺŵȥ
˵ˣԪƴȫģ˵ѪۣҺճͷ˵ױݣӾͲÿ
ȻҪȥôΪҪأ
˵ǣֻԪȻƽ磬˲ģ
û뵽ྐྵȻôˣ˼һ磬ȥģǺãѴ֮硣
ʺĻ͵תͷһۡ
ע죬
֮ĶԻпܱȥ
ū֪ūֻЩļѡ
ͷûж룬Щ˳ھͳˡ
߰ɣǻšĪҪﰭ˵ˡ
ʺתۿ˲һۣŤ׼뿪Ͻȥˣ߶Ҳ¶ˡ
ǣ
ͷŻʺϢ
үȥʱཫЩɾ
Ȼūţտɲġ
ôˣԪɺã
үһȥ۾԰ڴϣŵǵʵ
үû£
үƣһ˫۾ĳҶЦЦ
ȻѾùˣΪõԭ
໹ûл˯ȥֻûƣ
ˡ
үȻǧǻһˡ
һԶӡΪԺӳܵʹࡣ
ҲࡣүûпСǡ
ǿСһΪ̫С˭Ӽֱһģ̳ģһģһ
Ϳǵ˯գ;ԼˣôһһģһĿɰ
˲ԼˡжҪͬһһԿɰĶŮжȴ⣿
ӣһŮҲˡˡ
үʱǹһ˿΢Ц
үȴǳ飬üǣһŴ򿪣ȲҪСܲ类Ժˡ
ǺǣǺǣҲȻˣ㳤ú񡣡
үǸΣԼûмӣһҪָԼεġ
ϾԼʰںӳһ۶ûƹʵ̫ˡ
ү˻۽ˣǲų￴óҡ
ಢûɣֻûĵүһۣ۾ڴϡ
Ϳһ仰˵ˡ
үҲʵˡҲˣתָǰʵ
Ԫôˣ
ֱһֻһ֣ʱͬ˵
үʻһʱЩš
ү˵ﾫ㡣ΪζʱĲƽλ硣˿ɼǼõģ
ಹʲô⡣
ҲǽٲġҲǼġĻشҲпϣʵõġ
ڿԽԪ޵𣿡
үҪʵ⡣ȻһݵѪζ
ɲ߶ӣζܲˣοء
⵹ûϵãСı˷纮ɡ
ֺЦҡҡͷǵһμһ⡣˿ɼԪڻϵҲһĵλġ
Ǻˡ
ү˵֮󣬱תһɾıӣŵĽ
ʱѾ˯˹ȥ˶үľٶһоûС
үҲ֣֮ԼԽ౧ųȥ˽Ԫͻ޵
Ի϶Ԫ⣬Ȼǲͬģ˵ĻڶĬĬظү
ʺ󿴵ı⸱һ۵Ļʵ۱ţһŮӡ
ʺءȥɣԪҪϢˡ
үһ޹㿴ʺλ֮ϡɵü˵
ǡ
ʺ˴˻ɵİ˰ǲûж˵ʲôǹؾصĸүһ
֮˱ӰһۣŴ
һ߶̫ԼūţƵڹϡ
ĪҪϵ֪ģǸ֡ǼںԪġ
һ·ϲûм̫˵ʲô˷ƲɵĵİοԼ벻
ߣʲôģĺѲǰʱĺ󹬡ҲǰһûСء

803˫ϲ

̫һ·ĬΪԼûмӡɲΪүĻ
͸˵ʱĺ󹬣ѲӺүʱڵĺˡ
ֲЩ裬кģԼûпСʲô
̫ĻƲɵһЦôο̫أû뵽̫С¶
ʲôأλСˣǳӣ˽С籧ͬɡ
ôһ˵ҾҲеʱ䡣αؼһʱ
̫ô˵ǹҲɢ˲١
ô롣λСĸأ
Ʒ̫˳Ļºΰһ䡣
ףţôһ㡣
̫ðûɵ˲ɵʵ
ɵĳƺ̫ϲɵĹ
Ŷ̫ĸֻһЩĵ¶ѡ
ЦЦæǰ˷ƵĲ£̫󳯴ȥ
Լĵǵ˼Ӧñأκ֪
̫ɲ˵ҲûӲֻʾο
Ϊó裬˰أŰο
֮һ·ϣ˭ûڿ˵ôλƵĻ˴
¶˲䴲˽еĴСǹյЩԵķͷ
ôһ£һµۻ⣬ὫɵԺҲ͸һϢĻᡣ
ȻҲ֪ϢϢƺġ
ƽ¶ȸԼҶڿһ˵ŸҪ֮̽ŻԼԺӡ
үˡ
ͦŴӣԶƺĽŲ
ӭӵģκŶ̫ˣҲѽ
ӴүСŶͰŰɡүɶʱ밲أѽǲʡġ
ƺһӣͼϳıŶ
һĻǾƺ
ҪٲСһˡ
˵ҲΣҲˣǲСκζҲżòã
үĶӴ֪ڶĶһ֮Ż᳤׳׳ġ
ƺЦӣԼĶڸϵĸֹ߶ţĸһЦ
ƺԼҶӽһվϵĶ档
˵иҲǵģⶼʮ˻ļ󣬹ԪŰ˸£ƽ硣
ƺȻͬ˵ȴæĻһ·ҲˣˮȺȡ
ʲô˵硣·ݻûء
¶ɫ˵Լء
񵹳Сһ
ɲ˵иҲǵ˵
ƺ豭͹һڲˮĵ˵ΪʵںܿʣССһˮͲʣƺˮ׼ٵһˮȺȡ
һ߶ˮһ߶ŸϻӦˮȽȴκηӦƺɻתͷȥ
ôô
ƺתͷһŵԼϵ˫֣ıԼС
ôŻүѽôˣ˵ѽ
ƺĲ豭Ҳˣֱһ͸ϽŸ
үţҪˡ
˫ֱŶӣһƬ֮飬ܸоԼһһʹ⴫
ŽıŶӡǵһӣЩ¡
ãԹԵģүȥȥš
ƺһѱ𸻲ϣ󸹱ĸȻ˲٣ƺǿԱöġ
˱֮ƺվſڴ
Ҫ˸Ͻȥţ븮ҽ
ƺһɤӽԼԺ˶˹ȻҲ渻Ͻš
Ͼ¶ڰҹʲôʱͻȻҪˣ˱㽫һֱƺԺסš
񵹺ҲţŽƺϳӡ򸻲ϵĶӡ
һ֮óĽ۱ǸҪˡ
ûһĹССӽ˹
Ǹȣôʱ䶼ôʱأ
˽ĿһԵǵƺϡ
϶ô£ôͻȻһ׶ûС
۾ضԼҶӣĪ쵰ָʲô¶ŵ¸һ׶ûУôҪˡ

804

Ҫ˵˵ϵʱҲûʲôףΪǱ˸Ѳûס
࣬ҲǸⶼѾˣȻĻӦ΢΢ʹȻһƵʹôֱߵҪģе㲻أ
˵ƺǰƵģ񸻲ģ˲ɶѡ
ΪҪôŶӣӿʲôû
ƺԼҶɫ֪ǶȻǻԼʲô£˺˸϶ӵĺӣŵº׾
ܣ¶Ҫ˵˵ˡⶼǼҪˣ˺
˶˵³Դ翴ţСӱȴ绹çײ
ƷҡҡͷһָָԼҵܵçײ
뵽ȥˣû
ƺᣬôԼڼôһˣֻ̰ͼ֣ȴ˼Լһˡ
Ĳ㡣
ʳȻǼҲ֪ԼСӦòһçײ֮ˡӦøһ͵Ļᡣ
ɩĲҡⲻͬ˵˹ƽ˺ӣ㼤ҪˡĲʲô¶
ƺ̾оΪһ£ԼڼѾ͵ٵˡ
ˣ
ϰŰɡ
ĶԸ췢ġ
Ԫ˵ݶԼҶﻹǶΡôֻзĲŲɡ
õõãˣ㻹𣿡
ϸæǰƺָֻѹ

ǻ䣬ߴϵʹ
Ҳû˼Թƺܵſš
һ־ǰһϡڵڶ賿һһŮһ̥
ɸ˻ˡ¸ﲻﻹŮĺ¡
Сһһ㱻ȡ֡Тȡġ
к嫣ŮϦ
ƷĶ尡
Ȼ嫲ֵܡǸֵܣʤֵܡ
ҲТڴġ˲֡
ڵ֪˺֮Ҳ൱ĵġ
ԼӺԼҵܵܵĺͬһġնࡣ
ȥ˸϶һЩĶ
ڴϡûζĲΨһõľǳЩûζ
ûû飬ζֻһ뵽ԼɰĶӷϣֻҧҧûζ
ūţͲ˸Щȥ
ͷʲôȱοҲЩĶӦоУ϶޲ýŷ̫ҽԺᵽ
š
ͷݸȻһɾӲǵա
Ǽôģ
֮ǻ˯ȥˡ˻֪үô¶ġ
ôֻǽĹְǸ¡
Ȼǲ˵ģոôáȴϧ
檾ֱ˵Ȼصլ͵͵ġ˵ոôһūŶȥ
ôӴôūţ仰һĵġǼһ̵ˣߵ⼸ŮҲǼ令̵ġ
ߣˡ
һүеˡ
˵¶йϵô˵Ҳǹϸ顣
ϹܵٿҲܹܵ˼Ҽȥ
ֽԤڡ
ǰ治ġӦýǸҸȱвŶԡȻ󽫹ȥŶԵո񰡣
ʰЩݸһԵСŮȥźЩ
ô򵥾ͺˡ
һۣѾͷ뷨򵥡
ȻˣҲ׷ǣ˿ɲܱ۸ġ
ıʺӡ
ȥϸﴫաסĵŮáҪ۸һôȵԼݡ
ɲ˵лó裬ˣô
ūȥ˳
˷ܵЦЦϲԼô̵һ档ˬ
ǼлϳЩҲٶո
˷ܣֻǵĵͷʲôƵĳ
ô
ȻϵĲͬ˸æʵ
Ǹţûкúõ飿
ɻǵԼʱ򣬾ţһ˵һȴʹơ

805үĺ

ҪһʶôˣŸóˡ
඼һ¡
Ϊһֱڻ˯ֱһֱˣү˵Ӵá
ʱҲڲСǰ˲֪ʲô¶
ĻʱֽšҿӻʶһŽָ˳ȥҪȻĳˡ
˻
΢˫ۡү⻰˼£ó۽ζ
ү˽ġ֪ඨȻŹЩˡΪǺĲˣС硣
ǵõʱӦʹˮ󺦵øɣŷʱֱһ֧ҪɱӦ
ȻΪ˸ɣɱ־ٶôΪԼδСº֡
ֻ˲һү
ں᷿ţϦҲš
ΪʱԸκˣ׼֡Ϧ˱ַء
Ƕ׷֡
˸Ҵ
ԸҪ˭ôżȻôĿŵҪĺӡ
ǣͷ
Լûгȥ߶ĹŮȥԼ࣬ΪʱҪźʱ
ֵʲô¶
Ը֮תߵǰǺ棬Ϸ£ûзֵֵʲôֽţ
ߣ˿ǸֶΡǻΪҽһ󶨻ʶģ
ڶӵʱǸžȻƽڶﲻ
һ˫۾˸űĹâѾڿһʬһģһɲעҪġ
֮ǰҪ֪ĸ¸ɾ
ҪСѽúݶ˼
˼˫͡ȴǱüһ
ЩʹʲôıǳŴġȻôĺݣҪһӡ
ˣԭˡ
͵һŭſڴΪϹүһ˵Ļ
ү˲󱳷Ͳôһ㣬ûǰıһһСʬ塣
ʱô죿
үҲ롣ҿûг¡
үˡ
ү˳ȥֻү˵껰֮ɵ㶵վſڡ
ȻүλòϡԿүòڷ
үǺˣҲµʱԼʶģľôԼͺӵСɡ
ү͵Ŀ͵سķȥڼݸһЦʱ
ү궯Űû¶
үǰһ§סࡣ
Ȼүϱ˺£һү˾뵡ү
ү§ࡣĶૡ
⻰ȴ˸Ȼүղں¡
үû㿴ⲻͺúõǰ𣿡
లοүĺ󱳣ȻƿүϸĴǰԼ
ЦգүҲ𴽻΢Ц
תͷݵĿŵòһ
ûǲɱԼҪڿ϶Ѿˡʵǻϵֲ̫ˡֻһССĹŮǾס˿ֲĻϡ
ȥ˸޴
үû¡
ǡǡ
߶µӦ׼ת뿪ʱȴϦС̫ѹѾˡ
һһҹûûȣֱݿ£˾ɫѿ
಻Ϲھĥ
һ˵µʱ˵˵תԼע
Դű֮󣬾ûͬ˵һ仰ֻ£ľܺǾ͹ˡ
Ѿˡ
С̫΢΢ʹ㽫Ŷүǰ
ͷɢң̧һ˫͵ڿһɫ۵үʱһ㷴Ӧ
ūšūԺҲˡ
ŹڵֱҪүķȴڰϦ
Ҳǳ԰׷ģȻԼӻҶϲ˵Ŀ
㻹ġ㵱ʱǼӵʱôû뵽н죿
Ϧʹһˤ
ŪˣЩ̫ôǼӡ

806ɱնݳ

ݺǼôһγɹˣЩ˾ǲġŴŴβɹֱԽԽ°
ūĲ롣ǱūŵūţҪôĻūż˱㶼ɥڴˡ
ſ޵ǽһġֲɵģԪôֵûϵĳ谮
ݺô͵ȡȡ⣬ĺ
˿Աȫһ˵
Ҳŵһʲô˵ǣôͲֻһˡ
ʵȻɵıǻʺΪʺԹ
Ǻ룬־òܡʺɵܴôżҪء
ôһСıпܱ¶ӶʹĺλϾ޺ɱɲС
Ļ֮ȻеǲܡȻżˣûܵļƻͲݲݵŶ֡
ʵҲֻ뷨˼ұ֮˵ҪúõĲһĶȴȲѽ
˼Ųû죬żˡ
˵ָ˭
үʡȻҲ׶Ȼһˡ
֪˭ģҲֻˡүϣܹԹԵ¸ɾ
һԴɾʡԺһЩࡣ
ūŲ֪ūŲ֪
ŻæҡԴеԡ
ô᲻֪ʲôϵģѵ֪
үȻǲŵġžͿʼʡ
ūĲ֪֪˭
ֻһ˵ţ֪Դʹҡҡ
оԾ˸æԸꡣ
˸ס
⻰䣬ͻȻվല߶һײ˹ȥ
ҿӦ죬໰ʱһס˼Ҫײӵš
ūɣϣūʲô֪
񾭱ýġֻһ
Щɥһ˵κεвûá
ںſˡ˵ĳ¶˵Դ̼̼
ŸղҲ˵ˣЩˣļ˵вЩ¶ô
һʹЩҲǱԼˣ׷˵Żľļˡ
֣ͬ³һˡ
㡭
үҪ̱ƹʱȴСġ
ү
үϾӣϸ緢Ҳ᲻ŮӵС
»࣬ôҲԸΪ˱ȫ˶Լ
¶ථүһ
үƼᶨɫɵ˿ڡ
ʵڲүˣ̱ƹ֮¡ܲ¸ɾ
үв֮һҲֻЦЦҵš
ǰɣ
ﻹǿõġ
ţֻ֮ǵͷȴû˵ġ
ҲڹôĽţЩҲˡô˺Ϳ¶
΢΢һЦʹԼ׽ࡣ
ūҲ룬ūһ˾ˣūż޹ءĪҪΪūż֮ˡ
Ȼһ˵ǳļԼ˵άϧԼҲҪȫˡ
ԼĿǶԵġ
Աƽ¡Ҫ߱˭ָʹġ
ŵҲ˵¶˲ûʲôϵҲǨŭˡ
˵ūŲ˵˵˼˱ɡ
ҡͷ
ֿ䵽ôָʹȻҲ֪ļɰȫš
Ȼû£֪ɱڡЩΪɱڣǿʲô¶ĳġ
ôЩˣӦѾסֵļˡ
Ϊ±տڲᣬӶŭϣøʬ³
Щ˶ȻŹֵļ˵ġ
ģģǴӦҡʲô˵Ǳ㲻Ϊҵļˡ
ʹҡҡͷȻΪ༸仰ͽ׶͸˸ɾ
ֿɱڡ֪㶨ӲһΪȥȻҰŵġ
ЩֻĲ룬Կ϶Լµô࣬а˷档
ȻôǶЩϵ飬ǶһЩġ
ģȻġ
ְѵֱڵءȻ˵ŲģԿԼĻˡ
˾ǴսֵĲӮҡȻѾˡ

807ҵ

ȾһС
Ȼ಻֮ĳĳǼֲסԼѹ
ȡΪֻ֪Ҫ࿪ˣôϾȻļˡ
ǿȳˣǱҪӦңƽϢ֮󣬽֪һһʮĸ߱
ǸСˡȻƽȣôô࣬ô˵ҲӦûر
ļ˵ûΣաʱֻΣա
뵽үȻҲ뵽࿪үӻȥš
ү¶ģҲ֪ܿˡ
ϣı˿סˡ
ֻǰпƼң˾Ȼ޲һһζûоԼѾڵϡ
үȥʱûѶһ˰ȫȫıסˡ
Ϣܿ촫ү֪֪ˣڵϵȻҲ֪ˡ
¿ˣļѾƽˣô㽫֪ͨͨ˵ɡ
ජŵϡһ֡ʡ
㻹û֪Ļ֮ˣһСҪ֪ˡ
ūûʲôū֪¥ūġ
ûѣΪˡҵʱ׵ġ
֪˼ҳʲôֻ֪ŮԱ
ŮġӦĸĹŮ
־ôڵ
¥ط໹֪ġ߶ȵ۵ѵȵ۵Ҫɣ
ûɰԼмˣкκôأްô
ЩΪʲôҪݺһʱе㲻֪롣ҵͻȻһ¾Ͷˡ
ɻǵŮ˵ϳ룬Ӹ첲ϳ룬˵ʱ㹵֮ͨǳĸȥ
üͷۿҪˮʯˡھȻ֪˼ҳʲôʵʧʧߡ
ԸõһòҲջ
ࣿ
üͷÿѰʱѡҹҺ档ֻƲУʲôӡ
ǵãһҪ񸮵ʱŮ߶߹һ·
ūʵڲǵˣūżǵãһҪ񸮵ʱŮ߹һ·֪ûá
Ϊ˾ԼļˣԸ⽫Լ֪ͨͨ࣬ȻŹһ˿һ
˵˵
ּǲ峤¶Ȼвʣ֪ŮȥҲ
ūŵʱ¥Ϊ񸮵ķͬ˹ʱ
ǸŮ˹ţ߶ȥūŵʱ˹ſڿ˻ᡣ
ֻǸŮҲԽԽԶȵ㹬̸֮ʱΪ̫ԶˣūŲδǳĸķȥ
ūſԿ϶Ůһ̸ߴ㹬
ǻһ㡣Լʱһһʮظࡣ
̸㹬
ĬĬ߶š־һߡΪ롣
߶ٹ㹬߶鹬̸
һ˵ģôŮӦߵֵ߶ֱ߶ʱ̸ֱ߶Ǵ㹬
Ĵ㹬߶סչ˺ͳ´Ӧ̸߶סں;ˡ
˴֮⣬඼лɡ
˵ڣǿǶүģǰв࣬ү¶մỳɡ
˵չˣǰǺ͸һ֮ѡȻڸûˣ˭֪᲻뷽跨ࡣ
оǳ´ӦȻôʱ䣬һֱĴӦǼǵǱۡʱӦûӵһ˭ҧ˭˭֪᲻ˡ
඼ỳɡҪȷ⻹Ϊˣһʱ֮䣬ǲ
̸㹬
үûôࡣѾ߶ôҶ̱ƹ
ȥ˶޴
үͲˣָǰһһȶԻҲ
ǡ
ͷ˳˵úõӲǵⲻ˾˳ɡ
ΪǿǴűؽҳľءҲźúÿλӵĺϷ
үķָಢûֹǴģǲ˼Ҳܡ
£ȻһСŮȥһԼǰεĹŮ

808̽

ЩȻԼĵĹŮΪԼıߡ
ʱֶڰġҲܾˡ
Ǳվǰɷϳ
Ȼô룬ǻһ֣ȷеͨ
ˣūŶȻó
˵ĵġΪŮӡȻֱܷĳ
ãȻˣֶ֮󡣡
ĵ˵ͷ漴齫˴š
Ϊ̸ʹ㹬ҲԶҲ͵ˡ
ڼ䣬ү˶˲ˡ
˹ʱսľϡ
ϣԪ밲򸣽𰲣򸣽𰲡
ζүϥΪͷҲǲδʲô顣
ɣ
үԴ˹һΪү˱ضأû뵽ôĵ
λ˴Ӧ˼ӡվ˵˵ġ
ЦЦԸ꽫Ӷ˹ɲǺġ
ʵΪ⼸վűضͷôǿǵ顣
Щ˵ȫȻдϣǷ಻٣վ㿴
µĻôүԼ˵ʱͷ㽫ǵһࡣ
лԪ
ϥл갲˶Բϡ
֮һ˲ĳĬΪǲ֪Ͻν£˲óȻڡ
үǲ֪ôʡֱܲʣ˭ָʹҪԪİɡ
Ҷɵӣ˭һشأ
ǣ˸δҲ֪߶ǸʲôλҲûԵ˼ӵĲ
ЦһȻû취ʣôʼֻҪ˵ˣҲĴ
Ǻǣ˵ģλ磬ǴĴ󹦳˵ˡźҲΪ
һӦıȻչˡŮ˵Ǽ˵˻˵
˵Ļܵ棬໹֪ġ
ϣչ˵𡣡
Цһ໥Ҳѽ
ɲǲ֪ȥʺ밲չ˿ֻʺﻶϲġ
һĲмƲչһۣͬ˵Ļм˼
Ȼǻϲδ˵ô˱㲻Ầ¹䣬Ҳ
˵ģұ׾ġֵʺ￪ģҲǽ͵ĸ
˾˵Ļչ˺ɫɲǸǵϵ˭أ
ɲѽ˻ʺ￪ģǲ֪˶أ
ҲһǵҲǣԼԪ￿š
΢Цſ˶죬鶼ֵϡ
һֱҲǸ취ǸŮôȻҲˣֻĹŮ˵仰ܷˡ
죡ûԪֳɺͳ
ôͣʱ򣬱үͷŭһ

ŵ
û¶û¶⵹Ǽįˣǳµ鵽ò١콫λ˷
æͣɲЩ˱ôһһ仰ˡôҰ
л
Ҳ龪һ¡ȷʵٶ໰ˡĬĬԼϡ
ڹˣ߶˿ɹźţ
ˣŵĸŮЦſڵ
˻ػָž˵ġ
㱾иʲôţ⾲˴ɹŹҪ̵ʱɡˡ
ū꣬С̧Сǰūŵĸ̸ࡣ
鲻Ϊô˵˼ӣȻôôӦվл
ϡŮȷʵá͵ʲô
ЦЦֻиͷŮŻվҪȻһֱôҰ
ȻԪúãǱĺá͡
һŮʹͣүûʲôѵںһ㶫ɣ
ү˵ϡ꾪øæߵл֪СһˣȻ͡ǻ͵ģֱϵڱ
ūߵл¡лԪʹ͡
һһүߵͷվ˻ؾ

809Ǻɫ̥

ΪͣŵŮԾԾԡǵı鱻ྡ۵ס
ŶԣֻҪ˼Ͳץˡ
չĹȱȱأ
ȻһӣȨʺ°šǱ˼ǳôͿ˵ȱūŵĻĻҲЧġ
иˡ
չ˿ɲҪ͸ĹŮæ˵ġ
Ǹ𣿱СЩźĲʡ
̧ͷȥҲͿʮӡȻźչ˺òãֻ˵˵˵ѡ
ô˵񣬸æǰһǰ
ūѾСˣūʮˣūŶȫźҼСԪﾴġ
֮Իô˵Сˡ
˵ڸܳǰҲûжǰ;ܱЩµµȹŮðɣ
ôһԱȣǾôչá
ĻʶĿһۣȴֲûκε쳣಻ɵЩʧ
ѵչˣôʣµľֻϺ½Ӧˡ
ȻˣչѾϰ̺ңôȻǿѡ
˻һ˶е⣬ܾýʲôԾġ
ǻǹˣȴһ仰Ҳ˵ԪһЩеģûģ
ġǾģҲ˵ʲôʲôֻһһϣǵġ
˵ҪЩ֮󣬱㽫Ŀתϡ
϶ǴݣǼǵãϸǰŮأûĺʲô㡣
ڣס̸ɻڣ
ཫĿĴϣתƵŲҵͷϡ
һЩûдڸˣĸ͸һûзɶϵķ
ܲģǱҧһǿҪġҪȻҲڸʺ̺֮λϡ
˵ʷеʺ󣬿һĻˣ˵ĵľҪˡ
ʲô治ĵģ̸Ȼ䣬Ҳȱ
ٻ໰ʱ̧ͷһƬЦ⡣ûаֵĽš
⵹ɻˣֿʹ֪ˣΪôǵĽŵģһأ
Ҫô´ˣҪôͲģŸôƵĺ˵
Ǳ׵ˣЩǿɱȲáǹȱʲôͽŮʲôţ
˵ָָݣݼ״ǰһͷ
ūݡ
Ŷԣôݹ֨һǡ
Ʋһ磬滹ûжɵЩʧ䡣
ү״ְοƵ࣬ȴСĽڴߵӸŪˡ
Ȿûʲôһֱվڴβˡ
޵е˶࣬λñ㲻̫ߡ
бĴǰľ½ӦúϣھչǾˡ
ӵĻҪôүǰ߹ȥҪôʹƹȥ
үǰ߹ȥȻвͨģ˼ǻϣǴӻǰҡڵ߹ȥǶԻϵĲأҪͷġ
ƹ˵ĻҪʱ䣬ⴺΪҪĻǰ档
һŮȻ
ڴݶӵʱҲֻƲһۣȴݣ󾱳Ȼһɫ̥ǡ
ƽʱ⹬ǹŮҪģǲϵǸɫĴӡ
ûз֣촺ǵͷӵġ˱ԼԼһɫ̥ǡ
һ뵽̥뵽Լڻеʱ򣬱Լͷŵ˲ܻе㡣
ʱǣǸŮ֮һɫ̥ǣݵǺɫġ
ӡ
ݽӽϣȴûнӹֻһ˫۾Ŵݡ
ôһֻëĸоԼ׹ˣվԪǰһ˲ɵ
ʱԺпաһ߽е
ʱ˵ȥģ£κɫ̥Ƕῴɺɫ
Ǹ̥ǲǺɫģǺɫءһ¶˽͡

810Ȼ

Ҫǽ϶ֽšʱҲȷʵ˿һС̫һֱĺ߶
൱ʱɣ˵Ǵ㹬˸ɵģһп̸
Ȼ֮б¡һжϲٿصġ
뵽̲סԼĿϡԼôƿȴͬһϷġ
ɵòϡǼ̺ѡ⺦˵¶ǲۼģҪǽķֲˡ
ŵ¶Ҳİɡ뵽˵˱仯
Цһ˫۾¶һ˿Ĺ塣
˽Ů¡
û֤ݡֻһ뷨ϴ۵ˡ
Ƚס֤ݲźңǽ˷ˣôпе֤ݡʱǰæһ
Ǻ⣿
Ҳסˡô˵Ҳǰˡô׵ֱӱ£ҲҪɰ
Ǻǣˡһͬ¡
ϡϲɵһ顣
֪αضôλ𣬽ͬĹŮһ¡
Ϊ
ѹסϣĲ벻ʡЩүʱ򣬶˳
ȻԪ˽ĵô˵
ȻүΪʲôͻȻ֪಻һˡסôԼɡ
ںǣµֶһһ
һЦ˵үүôô
Ϊ⡣
ϱôһ˵һ¡̧ͷʱѾ˼ᶨɫԩƵġ
ϣ
ֻƮƮ֡˵Ķ䡣˲ɵɻ⵽ǳĳ
Щ¶ȴûϱˣҲҶԡ
ס
Ųӣǻָ˴ǰĸ߰
˵ϣͷһЦŶϿ죬Ȼù󣬵ʱүĵո´ࡣ
ȴĸԸһλϡôһԵĹôꡣ
ô񲻵͵Ҫչʾݵĺù
Ѿʹˡﲻʹ
ڻµʱ򣬴СĽͷŪɵˡ
±߶ҵʲô
ĵ˵ҳƵġ
仰ȴͫһһĻûӹ۾Կ϶ºпܾġ㲻ģôҲС
үôһѣʱǸŮµǸһ̥ǵĹŮ˵ҵǸˡ
һ뵽үͱú
ô֪ͷʲô
Ȼ˵֪ˣֲ͸ۣô֪
ԭڲ֪ô͸ڽͽ͡
ྪȵĿϣͺϲ֪Ƕôһ˾ȵ¡
ͷﾹȻ˲ܻе㡣Ҳ˳ϵؽǸҵˡȻǱһȹŮ
˫һֱû뿪ϡ
ﶨҪúôãȱˣʮҲΪ
ֱӣϲûǻࡣ
Ȼһڣδ֮ǰڸʮƿɲ
ǰ˵ĶԣȻҪֻڴ֮ǰõһϢ
ǸŮ˵ҲһŮǸŮĺ󾱴һɫ̥ǡ
˻أסĴݲɵ˲ӡȻҲ֪Լ󾱴һɫ̥ǡ
ˡǵôݲӺ߶Ǻɫ̥ǣǺɫġ
ϲʹ˳ϡ˳Ļʻȥ
أ
ƮƮһʻ˽Ŀϡ
һɫ̥ǣϵĻ̫ĵطȻҲᱻɺɫġ
ְ¶ȻȥһЩ߽ĵط˵ǸŮĹŮӺ߶̥ʵǺɫģǺɫġ
ˣ޵ĻǶı޿ǻˡˣŮϳȥնˡϡ
ҹ˵ŽϣͶһԾ͸ʱȴֹˡ
һ¡
̧̧ʾȻˣлҪʡ
㣬챾֮ʱǸſָʹ
¶ǽҪĿġ

812Ȼ

û뵽Ȼջ񣬽֮ǰ¶˸
Ǻǣ˵ġô֤ݣ
ϼȻûгҲûзѾǱɵģġ
ôϣΪλϴһۣԪûˣǲǻϾͻῴЩ
϶һˣֻżĹˡ
أһδһδεضûԪȻһδεΪġ
ôԸء
㲻ϣ
Ҳֻһ䣬Ҫϳϡ
ݵûֵķӦôֽǸ˶ȻǴݣϹɲֹһŮ
ΪγϣûǴ𣿡
Цû֤ݱ㲻ô
˵ϼѾȷǴģôпܱϴڴ֮ǰԪ˸˲죬Ҳֵá
Ум
ǹһĨЦǴΪҲǰɣ
ȥ̸
ȻôһԸˡ
Ǻ⣬㲻Ҷ֣ǰĹŮǰɣҪУȻ
ͻȻ궯ಢû⡣ǻӻȥ
ڣαôţҲᶯһָͷ
üͷߵЦݴû¹ˣ˴£Ȼˡ
һŶ߶ߣôܲˣ
Ϊֽ֪ģڿ֪һ仰󡣡
ϵķӦ֪¶Ȼ
֪ˣڳ˶֪ˡүҲƢ͵Ǿ仰ˡ㽫Щͨͨȥ
֪ˣˡȲһ
ҲѾ˳һܲ˵ˡ
ȻǱҪȻͱˣﻹڵı
һǫˡǾԼҪȻˡ
𣿡
ֻǹ𴽽ǣһЦ֮㲻ٿ࣬һү㾡˫۲˵
⸱ģϵ಻ĺܡʲô˼ѵʲô֪¶ɣ
ʱѾˡ
ʱ㱻˸ѹ˽Ȼ㲢֪ʲô¶ĺ벻⡣
㣿
үɻضŵϹŵˡϸǰūſһӡûС
ϱˣӡ󶼲ôܶߵĹŮӡˣ
ū밲Ԫ밲
սսſڵϣͣ
㻰صʱ˱紦һɧ
ɧಢûѹƣǸʹ˸ɫ˽ִ
ֳ֮ûп˵жϵĳǸ˾ˡ
̧ͷˣϲʶ
ͻȻˡĻ̧ͷүһۣתԼȥ
һۿģǱ̫סϺʹݣ۾һ仰˵Ǳͣ۾ֵ
Ҫ˵ʲôʱȻ󷽲ԶĵطǸϤס
ʱ¶
ôǲǣ
Ȼûпı飬Ǵ֫ˡ
ūŲʶˡ
Ļͷָֻſڵصƣش
ﲻʶ֣ȴʶ
ü㵹ǲôɴġƱ֪ʲô¶ػǵϡ
ܡ
Ļ͵̧ͷܾǿ˵Ŀ⡣뵽ʲôƵģſڵء
ﲻʶʶιôŵġ
˼״˵Գĵһ仰ֲɵӣȻ˵ñ߶
е˶֪ˣȴϵָо
ﲻʶūţūſʶء
ʾ£ڿ˵ˡ
һڱָ㡣
˵ûм棬ôʶңôҵ
ҵ̧ͷָ֡ǲܳϵģһϱֻһ·ߡ
⻰˵ľͲˡɳūȥ¥šȻɴūſɲ

813û뵽ȴ

ִֹض㣬۲ϹȻԴˡ
˵ūԪ֮ʱζԪƽ°磬ūһСɾ͵øūᡣūſǼǵúء
ֿɲ㷴ˡЩǺݶԼˣҲŹԼļˡôαΪЩأ
øˣø⹬ﵹһƥߡ޾󹬡
үѾûȥѾǰֲۻ軨ĻȻЩ
ߣ
һֱ۾ϣһ˫۾
ֻһ˫۾ȴүϡ
ϾȻ˵ǶߡôϲϡΪ˼޸ϣҲһ֮λ
˵Լİ⣬ֻүЩûоøˣһġ
޲Ҫϲģϲֻ޴ġ
ҵĻصϵʲôƵġ
ģ
ϲ˼ĳճ֡
ϾȻϲôģǺЦ
ԳһЦΪԼļϻᶯء
û뵽ǣϲûжݣʲôĵĶƵġ
Ͽģα԰һʱ԰ˡҲûʹˡ
ϻԼһμүΣǸʵ꣬ԼһģΪԸԼһҩӡ
أľȻôʹ֪Լ԰ĳˡ
ʲô԰ʲôģ˵ʲôأ
üͷȷʵǲǰȹϡ
ľȹˣô͸øԼ⣬ʱӦòȥ߶Ҳûô¶
Ͽүüͷ֪ʲôϲһ˾ںһһĬĬ۲һһ
ԶүüϣѾµһ̲סǵЦɢ
϶룬ʱھɣûо㲻ô¶Ԫ㲻ôѡ
û޵ʱľ㡣ǱĴ޵ʱͲþ㡣
үνġ֪ڵ£㵱ʱûˮһὫɱ˵ˡ
Ͽ鰡һĴϣ
ϱ˫ۣһ۽⻹ôһᡣ
˽ūŸϳȥնˣϴͶһԾ̸
үɲں˵顣Ҫ飬鶼һˣѾ㹻ˡ
ϣαأ
಻ɵø̾ؾصģʷοĻһ߻ʹλá
ȴһλϡԼ
̾Ϣһ˫ͨ۾˵
ԪαؼٴȱأţԵġӦǫʹǡ
һ仰˲ɵþȡǶ֪ǫ˭
ǿǴ󰢸ǻ谮ϵ˼Ԫǫʹˡ
Ϣν˾°͡
ԭѾ֪ˡ
ಢûйྪȡЩϸһ߹۲һ£֪Լǰľ
֪Ԥ֮ڣôϲүȻ۾үϡ
ҲгϣûзŸоء
ʲô֪һֱ֪ʧǼꣿϾ͸ûƵġһֱֶ˻ϵĶ衣
ûϹû֣ô˵ϲĸֶأ
ҡҡͷٴλʱ򣬳ǰʱһ۾˳
ǰϳ谮⾰һһչһѧžľֹֻϻġ
أϵﲢûһ֣Ϊֹ;һģһʱϱȷǾ
ԣ㵱껹ʲô¶
ôһ˵ǰľ䡰𡱣˼ЦɣȴǰڼԼġ
Ǹû뵽ȴ
ϵ˵ϲκ顣
ôһ˵еˡھʱ
ֻαݺûв鵽֡
һ±ǣջеʱʳ֮ݺ
ڶ±ǣָʹҪ³ʱݺ
⻰
ʱĸ¸ĵʮӣ׷СɰǣҪ˯ϱǰǧһ£ǧһ£ÿµһӣСɰػţ죬죬Ѿˡ

814㲻ͬһ

һ뵽Կ϶Щ¶Ȼǰ֮Ϊ
ǱţȻû뵽һһΪǸΪء
˵ĺҲµְɣ
಻ʵʱ˵ʳҲ⣬ȴûвĻ֣ͬһġ
ˣǺǣһ޴Ķѣڹ衣ǰ
е⸱ģ಻ɵüͷôоһ˵ôأ
ϲ֪ǱүЩ̼ģ˱е⡣
ˣȴڿ˵Ű˰ˡ治֪ӵİ
Ұӣ˵ͶĺӻأԪ˵ǲǰ
˵ճյЦš˶оȴûȥܡ
ĺӻãǲ˵㡣Ҳġ
ͷˣϲϣôͲö֡
εҡҡͷô˵ʲô˼
ϵߵĻĪѡĬĬϲּҵֶΡ
˵㲻»ϵáĳҲϲϵģôǱͬһˡ
ôܻĸԸĿԵŮˣԼİأһ˵ѡ
ȻһֱرѹţоԷ֮⣬ôһ˵
˶ˡţҲʹ
ˣȻǰĽϵģǱ㲻ͬһˡ
ҡҡͷʱҲ룬үȥıŮ˹ô
õĽǣҲүȻ벻ʹȫԼһ
ǲеġ⼸үȴǶŮһоûСԽּԽ١
үĻһֱŵ¶һĨ΢ЦԼʱӺү̫ʱﻹҪˡ
СŮ˿ɴûж˵ֻǽϵĹ⡣Щһֱ಻Ը˵Ļ
үһʹġ֮ǰĥˡ
ÿﶼһ棬ڰһ棬үĺڰһ漰ϡ
κҪᴥүڰһ档ү֮ǰúõĥĥ
ˣҲҪס಻ˡ
ı⡣ãԸһʹ졣
񹫹鷳㽫Ǵȥ
಻ٿϡ԰ڰʾ˴ߡ
֮ʱһ˫үϲȥ
ҪˣҲָʹҪμס˵ݡ
Ǳϳ
˽ɵɵվһԣҲ֪ô졣ʱ˵һ仰⵽ǣ
һȴлò˵ǱǾˡ
ͬס̸ϻ̸Ծڻȥټסߣе㲻̹
Ծ˺࣬û¸һš
ЩһĻȻ
лҪ˵𣿡
ô˵Ҳվһ߶ġʲôѴԼܰһġ
ʻɵһѵԼıô
Ҳ롣ͨһүǰ
ϸ°һ
˵֮Ҳүʻż˵
һҪ̸ˡȥЩëëġ˻ϸⰲһס
˵ЩʱЩ»ϾܾԼ붯ŭ
ҲΪôͻáԸΪ˵ʱȴү붼Ŀˡ
ҲôáȻˣסɡҲû¶ˣԹԪ
үô˵˽ĵġ֪뾲˺ɽá
Լæǰ֮µʱ໹첻
ߵл¡
˸˻ˣҪɵ㶵Ĺڵء
¶͵ɣԪҲˣǾȻȥɡ
үνİڰֻ֡һǨѣҲûʲô˵ġ
ྭүôһ˵ҲʱоеϾҲеġ
ˡ
˱ϹϾظү񣬸Ҫ˳ʱȴƮƮǶСǲɵһ
޲κιԪĴԣǱһģϱĽ
ү˵Щʱ򡣲ûǿǻ˼˿׵ġ
ǲҶԡ
սսͷ֪ǽ´ȥôǺпϵ·
˵νǸûаëǮĹϵչȴǼ䲻ĵġ
ϢΪһЩô߾һأû뵽ûˡ
ǵĻشүûпҲǵһ˳ȥ
үź֮ۿ˯ˣȥ俴СһۣȻתĵ
ͬһʱȥϸﴫС¹ӣҲĻˡ
ΪЩȻǶ˵ģС¹ЩǶԹЩ˵ġ
С¹ڴʱ򣬿ǽ˶ټ˹
ʯϣ̼ΣФȻҲŹ
С¹ӹôпճˣǳҡ
С¹ͽ˸Ҳֻ˵˵˵
Ȼղ֪С¹˵ʲôĵĵţûñʯϴŮ̼˽
ղŷӦ½⻰Ǹ˵ġҲΪ¶ġ
ʵ̫ıǸҲõսʱٺúõȥˡ
С¹ʻ۾ɨһ鵱ˡ
ȥⲻһ
ϣô˹Ǹ谮أ
С¹˵仰߶ζʮ㡣̩¡ɵˣȴ˵ʲô
˭˵Ф谮ҡһϲòã
عĻλǰñˣڴءûа취
ʯЦЦǻŵúܣû뵽ֵ˵ز
ԼҶӵְλˣЩǹھٰ軨ʱҲˡ
˼ԣҪ߳ǹȦ
ֻϣС¹ӹٴʲô¶Ҫӷˡ
ӴϷ˵ġô谮Ҳһңôģ
С¹ƤЦⲻЦֻһ¼ūţȻסǼո۸Ǽﲻ۸
ҿˡҪȻ֪ڼô۸Ǽոġ
һ޶ˣôһһ벻ɡ
ҲҡȻǹǱĸ㶪˰Ҳó
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С·ӿǰˣȻѧһԹɫı졣ʯϵĻˡ
ûϵһūô˵ô˵㲻۸ˡ
˵ʲôأ
̩¡üͷԼҪúøｲ⾩ϵ
ԼԴﶼ֪Ϊʲô
ȥ˽Фг
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СѾƲƲ죬תźԺȥȻǲԸġ
˼ӣѾߡû˵ķݶǡ
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С¹ֻƲһۡǹһ˿Цݡ
ūŹ۹ǲôáҼոҪôҪòòҪ
ľͿôһòҶûеūء
С¹Ϊ̩¡żƵġ
ԹϺФ䳰ȷԣڳҲǸˣǸҲС¹ӻ˼
ձС¹⻰һЦɲʯҲ֪ǲ⡣
ôõһˣȻҪƫƫȥ̩¡ѡһˡⲻ̩¡ǵģĶҲΪ̩¡żѽ
սŵФС¹仰ԼյЦɫڳɹףұֳԼĲ
ʱϷ˱˸˵˭ҷ
Ф
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С¹һ£ոŪˡûдӭФֻǴĽܶѡ
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815¶û

λǰɣ
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û
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ȻˣѾˡôūű㽫ԪĻλˡ
״С¹ĵ˵ͷ漴վǰ
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ѡǹϣǹϵĸЩڸв֪
ﻹ˵ˣùϻıǰ硣
С¹ԭⲻĽĻ˵һ飬ֻ֮˵ɫ͸һֳѿ
ū˵ôࡣλҲҼȻ˵ĳõ
С¹ӿ˵漴һЦŶҪľЧ
ĿģҲǸЩǲҪˡٻôģ
Ϸ˿ˣ
С¹ӻרŵһ顣
ҪûϷĻôո̩¡ӦúҸŶԡ
ˡȻԴϵġ
Ϸɫѿĵ˵ͷ̩¡һԡҪô˵أ
һˣҪԼ޼Ĺϵڳסְֳĸо
峯ӵĿǺǿġ̩¡ʱ˶յһ˿Թ
ΪβܺѰŮТŷ̷һĸأ
̩¡֪Ůӣ㲻޸
ڹĵλһߵŵڣҲ׾ٵ¡
պ࿴̩¡Ը¼ޣϧᡣ
ôҲһһȵ˼ܹܡ
пܱϷΪȥ߽ҵǣ̩¡ȴ֪ϧ
ڸҲ󲻵ȥ
ȻˣūŵĻҲˡﻹūŻȥػءˡ
С¹ӽŻȥ棬ⲻ֪һһԭոϹģȻһҹҪӭĵز
ȻҪԼոú
ǹȥ
׼С¹ӳȥô˵С¹ҲԼҽ㹬Ĵ̫ࡣʱӻҪġοרΪġ
òáոӡôūأūſͦʵġ
յ࣬С¹Ӹæֹ֪֪֮Լūţӣūŵĵ
ָһһֱվŵФ
˼൹ν̩¡Ҳһνӡ
ʯȻҪ˵ʲôվû˵ڡ
̼ξͲԸˣղС¹һֱڱФҲֻš
ФЩ¶̼α㿴ȥˡ˵ˣФСŽ֮顣
ʱҲܿһ̫ôФѽ
УФҸңô¶
ʯǹסԼûйסԼŮ̼ξô޼ɵ˵˿ڡ
ǵС¹һ󲻿졣ˣǾ͸ôάһūš
ĻЩ˿϶άūţ۸ո
ūŸղ˵Ļ̼θûи
Ϸ˶̵̵̼θūſ˵ˣ̼θ񲻾֮Ҫ޽¼ϡ
ǲ̵ҪԿˡ
С¹쬵ʯϡ⻰û˵ͺ̼ӡٲԿ
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ʯͷǣ⻰ɲܴ˳ȥߴԪĶ
ҪǱôۣŮôأ
СūǼǵò̼θɱǼո곤١
С¹ҡҡͷ̼Ҳһ۸ֵ͵ǰ͵ˣҲýסǸϡ
ҵһеλӡôƴȵ۵ТڣôһϾꡣ
ֱռ޽ϣǿյϡкöԹס
Ȼգȴϲ̩¡ǲӬԲϣôԵӬȻǿԵġ
⡭Ǻǡ
ʯ֪ôС¹ˡΪ̼ȷʵմꡣ̼α⣬Ҳ޴ӱ⡣
С¹Ӽ״ҲΪʯϣʡƢָϡ
С¹ʯϾǴǣվСñȴ֪ǴŴ̶Сñ
һңҲūųģǰ¶˲ٰɡôһ̫ġ
С¹ӵĻǱԼʵǸЩѹ濴Լ̫࣬ôҲ˵ǿԪ
˵ǣФ͹
̩¡ʵڲϾˣ˵ФҲֻһѾ߶ѡʵûҪΪһѾ߶
ү
Фض˶ţǰĻ˾˰ɡǽʱͬա
ѾүңһԺ⸣ô㣿
ФһūšⲻԸ⿴ġ
ġôͱֵַġҪȻŶլȥɡ
̩¡ôФͻȥⲻͬ⣬Լйլ
ҪôФأ
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Ф̩¡ҪƾԲαˡŷФԸլȥ
үôô˵ѾүˣүȻҪ
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أ
üͷƲһۣôǰһɡ
ԣѾүˣȻԸΪүͿˡ
ФԽһת⻰˵ûдǾôǼġ
ͿͣŮ˵¶Фôһ˵Ե⸮ŮƵġ
⸮ôѾߣ˶ү͹ͣѵȫү˲ɣ
շһ£ôһСֶξŭ̫Сˡ
ˣûС¹ӹФ¶ãôլȥ
̩¡еͷԼյĹϵأмһԽԽˡ
ǣ롣
Ф̩¡ֻܲĵĶС¹һơ
С¹ȫ̲ûп˵֪С¶ոĻ
⸮ˡȻոıӺЩܲʱʱոıڹϸôҪոԼ
ոʲô¶ǲƽµľʲô
ǰūţ˹Ĵϵʱ򡣵ʱ˵ҪȱУҲȷʵôˣǺΪŹūš
ҪС¹˵ʱӦúֱȱФûôˡ
Ͳᴫո񲻺õĴԣҵ棬Ҳ
ԣոѧıӵǹɺݾ
ǰĸɣĴβǱεķģ󻹲ǱԸˡ
С¹ڻ֪ڲ֮ǰΪһ
ԸղС¹ӾһֱûҪջ᲻ᷴȻЧ󣬵ʤޡ
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˵һūһ仰
С¹ӳ̩¡ЦЦתͷ㳯Ÿȥ
̩¡ȻС¹ӵ˼С¹жôţһǨһ̫ࡣ
С¹ӵ˼Ԫ˼
ȻС¹⣬ôԪ⡣ڹôˣôһٲĻǾͰ״˼ʹ
С¹֮ĵĴһǷ
ﾹȻû¶ôұȥϢˡ
ڳʣЩˣʵڲȥᡣ
ҪĽ˵˵һŤͷߡ
š
̩¡û˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷձŴ뿪
ףƣʲô̬ȣôԪˣ̫Ŷˡ
ʯ϶յΪǷŭ˼㡣
ҲûڡȻҲὫЩ¶˵ȥ
ʯֱе޼ɵ
ʯϿ˵ĻӦͬʥּһ㡣
˵ĻǴģҲǶԵģԵĸǶԵġ
վ͸ùĶ˵Ҫ뿪Ҫ˰
ǿղյı֡ǿһ۶ûư
ʯȻҪԼӸ״ˡ
ɲˣǰ¶ĶӣξȻͷĶ˵
ö񻹲ǰɣ㻹Ҫô
̩¡ǰ;ԼǱȽ̰Ľһ˻ǺõģõĿǾľˡ
Դռ޽ǼҡŶҪȡյļױǲ֪
ǱϾԼҶϱģһ㶫ТТҲӦõġ
û뵽ԼҶ֪㡣ԽԽ̰ˡԲˣһ׶Դ
̩¡û뵽Щǰţϱ˺ϲôǱֿסźšҲ

816һʺһ

أԼôݵĽԼҶԼԵŮԼĴұԼĵ׽ڴ
Ȼͳôһѵķ顣󻹵ԼĹְ͡Ԫ˳ǡ
Ľѵﻹĸϲſϰǰɣ
ôˣ
ʯϲ˼ĶԼҶӡûжĶӣ쾹ȻΪһͬԼ졣
ʯǷǳĵģ˽ּյͷϡΪҶӲŻ˵
ûǸ˼ֻ㿴ľ档ҵĹְˡԪҲˡΪʲôأ
̩¡ץץԼĳӡķǳҪ𣬿ⷢĶԼҶ㲻ôТ¶
ʯܣ֪Ϊʲôڵ档ȻˣԼӺϻҪģôܻԼĴأ
ơ㻹ˡ뵱㰢ߵʱż갡Ǹʱû֮䡣Ƕһʺһģǳ
ðǳˡҲȢϱӲˡ;Ӵ¶ˣǰɣ
ʯһ˵һĨᣬҪӵġǽôһޱͣˡ
ʱŮӸļǾǲҲꡣ̩¡İȥ֮ʯϿǸʱࡣ
Ǹʱ¶̩¡ϡŲ١ôТ˳ġ
ԼҶΪˡΪԼҲҪΪԼҶԼ롣
Ԫ˺ġԼĹְһϴе׬Ǯҡ
ǸʱûڹӶźõ¡ȻҲΪ¶ˡ
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֪ġӲûǸ˼ӿԲԺǰ;
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һԼӣһ߶¶Ůǰ;ʯ߶Ըᡣƣ߲ɵü档ڰǰֻѡһ
Ҫӣô൱ڻԼҶŮǰ;
ѡԼҶŮǰ;ô⸮ԺĻҲˡҪյĲٿ֮¡
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ͷ
аɣүٹˡ
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ǰǺסһԺӡԼûиʲôǰԺԺġ
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ڶǴлӣӺͻŮ
浹ˣȻ޶ŮΪݸ߹ԺпǼ̺ѡ
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ΪղűʺôһŵҲûˣһָ֮ʺĦ
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Сƿţֱӳŵĵط˹ȥ
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С֪ڱϴͶԾ̸ˡ

С˵꣬ԼСĲ豭˵أ˲ķˡ
ŵСʰڡ
˵ʲôôܳ¡
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817ӵķ

ȴԪˣ鵽ڵͷϡүŭֱӴڡ
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ڼС⸱ģĵ׵һ˿˿ң֮ʧ
¶ܷϿԺļ̺أôôأ
ġûءôأ
ڳճյҡҡͷʷıˣô᲻ۻ᲻ʮ尢
ôֵֵȥˣֵֵȥ
һʱ֮䣬ھȻ֪к壿
ǰֲûǽأԪݺݵĽѵһ١Ͻ¡
أѵ֮Уһӵڣ
ģػһһҲǶõˣܰװ˷˺û
Ҫˣʹ֮µµΪһӣ㲻ܺ͸ʺһҲҪʹݻʹλʹһú֮˼ס
ǲġ

Сüͷ⹬ڻǰûһӿе˭أ
С濵ૣɵ̧ͷСһۣСͷ˵ʲô
סĪҪ˵֪ˣ⹬ﰡȥϰ˾ͺá
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СϢūŸˡ
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ŮȴŵģׯġҴķװ֮ϣŷƣɴ˿ȻͨŮӡ

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СŮȻŵɪɪȻ顣
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СŮһߵͷȻǽ֮ŸϵģԼСرãά
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ĵȰ࣬ӶĸӵĶˣôͬСһˣСƢأ
ԼҲΣιΣҪһūŵְ𣬾㱻ȥ˾Ҳô
մˮ
͵ɴһ˫۾վ˵۵ꡣ
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֪ˣϦȴûзӦ޵һȦһȦߵĴǰ
ôһζ
ϦͷתһȦϲż֧еĻζ֮⣬ôһζ
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Ҳֻ֪ζǴﴫȥġ˶ˣˣ֪𣿡
Ϧ˵֮͵ĳһָֻϦˣֶȫǱ˸ġ
ϦôһŵϦһ顣ȻŵˣĻҲѵҪʲô
УǲеģӾǳҲȥϴ衣
Ϧһ߰һˣǱʾͬȥϴͷϴ裬Ǳŵġ
һĻ꣬͵͵ЦղϦסԼӵĺƣӶͬϴ¶
ֻϦֻǷӦѡﻹʶΪ롣
ϦôľܾˣǴܡΪϦЩ˵úƵһأ
ѾͷȻִȻϴвͨôҪ󿪴ͨͨܿ԰ɣ
ҪȻⴲ϶ˡ
ˣǲö㣬ҶôԶˡҲҪϴˣаɣ
̯̯˫֣ôһССҪưŵöôԶҪôƵģ룬Ҳǡ˼ҿү˧ء
ģ
ʾɣԼӿ߶˺ü죬ôô׾ٵķأ
Ĳϴˣ
ϦһʾǳĻɡԼķˣҲǲġ

818˵Ҫʧ

ҼȻ˵ôƭأҲϴˣаɣǡ
ǰ仰ʱϲúܡһһǡֿ
Ǿ֪Ӳô׷ġڲˡ
ʲô
ϦԴСʵ
Ҫ󿪴ͨ硣
°ŬŬԼȴǸȻ߶ȫҲܿɫ
еĲеġ߶΢΢ķ硣һĻ紵ϣʹ˾ͻʹġ̫ҽġ
Ҫ껹ûпڣϦʹ֡
Ĳܿͨ磿
һ˫۾ͱһв֮⡣˵̵ġ
ԡ
ɴһߡӿȻϦΪˡ
ɫ̿ˮѵ˵
ӽūͽ˾ūҲӡ
ϦһȻģ׳ʿͷ˼

Ϧ˺þã㿴ңҿ㣬˭Ҳ
ð죬ЭĻ࣬̾ϢһʱԼͷ
⸱ģ࣬ϦʱĵһһֲסӦġԼӮ
ͷɥ࣬ϦЩɼԼɲΪԼһʱӡ
ʧҲԶˡʱҪԵûԵģҪȵûȵġ
ͷҪ౯ж౯ˡ
ʱôūſɶָܹϺءˣ񻹶໴Сһ
Ժĸ鶼ԲˡֻܳЩ׺϶Ƽݵġ
ÿ˵һ䣬Ͷһ¡ǿʼˡ
Ϲ˵ʲôأүô谮ӵġôܻʧأ
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㿴㣬㿴Լʼˡôҿ϶Ҫʧˡء
˵Żʹè򣬺üһԼᣬ۾޲
ֻܺԼȸŤһѡºΣҲµϦġ
վڴϵͷɵߣΪһС¶˹
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ϦᡣǿǸȷĻԺﲻɵղ˵Ƿ龰
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ܻصȥ۸ʱ
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ϦڰлơǽԼԺе龰һһȥƵģ˺ôһ
Ϧڸô˫ڿкĴ
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ֳģܲʧ𣿡
죬ȴһЦϦϾͻСҲʮ꣬ǺúƭĽ
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Ϧ˵æתҪȥˮȴֱӸסˡ
˵ɵ㻹ӣǺءֲûм϶ԴǸʲôôʧأ
εĵϦһۣСѾͷǱӺƵģһһ㶵ģʲôˡ
ҪǱͳȥˣҪ˼ء

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ôƭأ̫ˡ
Ϧ˶ţ첻ĶࡣǵĻˣû뵽׽Ū
ǺǣǺǡƭʵҲпܵǲǣ
εջ񣬲ȥϦӣūšû˵ĵط໹ͦġ
һҪ˵֣ЦźҪǺڵַΧ͹ϵ
ߣӻ˵Լʧˣȫ¾Ӷ࣡
Ϧڶûأ˵ʱ򣬻أ
Ŷ˭ʧˡ
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ҿô޼ɵĽģҲҪͨҲֻһˣǱүˡ
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˵źãЦָָϹŵˡ
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˲Լһȭ޻ϣһôûСԼ뷢Ƣأû
үǲԵķòСˣԲôҵġ
һֻү䡣ֿ֪ԼΪ㣬ȡһ£ûκԭ
Ϲ˵ԵСٷòƤףò
үûĵһۡ⻵Ů˶߻ˡʲô˵ˡ
˵ˣЩСȷʵȲ࣬⹬﹬Ůǧҡ
үƲһˣᲱ
ߣ˭֪أֳϴ裬ܻױܴ·Ρ
үҪңҲûа취ġ
๴üȻүĻȡԼϲ˵ȫ󹬵˶Ȳֱĵɡ
ʲôطǼǧŮһĵططү˵㡣Կ֪жôĵġ
ǿĹ鿪ģѼӲӲǲɿڡ
±߶վŵϦżĲˡ
ǶΪܹݡַȻãʿɶֹĹ˻ʵ䷴ʱʧˣǵòʧˣ
үȫûп˵ĵǲ֪˼үе顣
ϦȫϹġ

819ʡĵĻʰ

С۶һû𣿡
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ү˵ġһԼȳ׷ʱĪҪڡ
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Щľ˲俪ࡣֲִʱ˼˵ΰٲΰٲ
κ·Ҳΰٲθɧë
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үæܾЩ߶ûаҩģ߶ǲӵġ˫̥Ѿ˺ܶࡣӦúúò
̾һ֪ȥү϶ǲͬЩĵġ
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˵ʳϢ֮ºܿĽˡ
ݵϰߣŽ֮ү㰲ݣԼȥȥС
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ΪүĵﻹһҪȥ׼ȥ˵һҪ뿪ȥʱѾ˯ˡ
үֻεգת뿪
꣬Ź죬оԼһ㡣
ڳӵһ죬˷ܼˣúõϴ˸裬һױ
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෭˷ۡڻ治»ʺҲ治»ʺʲô۶ӡ
һʱ䣬ʺҲ⼸ˡֻҪԼ鷳ôٵڻʺλϡ
أĸҶԼߺӶ֣ôඨȻĺλȵġ
˵ĶԣǿǷ˻ϵּˣʺҪΪѣҲÿϴ𲻴Ӧ
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Ǻǣ檽ӣñһˡ
ڻʺʻʱѾվ

820ʺȥȥ

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ػʺԪǰ񹫹ȷʵ˵
̫ͷλڶǾٴڸеĺá֮ԿԴӺ䵽Ǭ¡䣬һֱܹܵλϡ
Ϊ˳ɫ֪ˡǶʱԶԶģһ߶Ҳƫһ߶Ҳҡ
оϲ˭֪һܳ˶Ҳ˵
԰ūŵòҪôɫ۹⿴ˡ
Ŷȷд°棬Ԫνأ
ʺһɵӺݻ¶˵ЦȴŵҪ
Ͽİ֮úúõأڲ˸ЭһԪ
׻ûн޷ϰ
ػʺ񹫹Ļּ߶˵ԪйùЩʱЩκϡ
̫Ҳûѣʵʵ˵ǱؾᡣһЩԼǻԴ˵
̫ĻʺʱһЭһЩѶѡʺҲôںġ
ЩȻʹ͡ϾԪ峯Ĵ󹦳ţ
ʺʱЦǶôϰǻʺ󣬻ںһκ
Ԫλܽʲô޷ǾһЩֵǮʺƶƲϡ
ܹܣȻԪԼˣôջּ⣬Ԫùһһع
ʺûж롣Ȼ˹ˣǱðɣ˱¡ʡ˰ۡ
ŻʺģҲֻ΢΢һЦֻϣʺһǧ󶯸λͺˡ
ϼԼϲġıˣҪһЩصġ
ֻλõЩѽʯǿɶƷеƷ
ԲȻʺõĲʺҲ֪ġ
ЩǻͽġȻˣʺţܲԽһЩԼݵĶ
ǣūȥ׼
ܹܵͷֵ˵ͷӻ֣ʾԼЩСܹȥö
Ȼֻ˵˵ǿǵһЩö
ܹףЩöó֮󣬿»ʺĴŭǻµּ⣬ǻʺóġ
һǻʺĶŭҲ¶
檽ջҪллʺˡ檴ȥһǼȻ˻ʺóܹ͹ôҲʡ˳檶ˡ
⻰ȻǶԻʺ˵ģȴһۣףԼͳһ
ߵһСŮǰ
ʼϰߺȻ裬鷳λ㣬ȥ屭
ϰߣߵﶼϰ߸Լϴһ衣
Ϊ಻ϲЩҶ˲ϰߡ
꣬һ£һʺһһ
̧ͷס꣬ʺһ裬ȫǳںġ
Ϊ»ʺһõĶ֮ϻ𡣸պýĻһЩȥġ
˵Ҳ֡һ³ԵĶһЩҩŵԭϻ
˽걸һЩĻ衣û뵽ȴʺˡ
лԪ⣬ϺõͲ鷳Ԫˡ
ʺɲҺǶĲҶ˵಻ڸ¶ǣѾͬˮɲôĵġ

821Ļʺ

ʺĪҪƴǡˡһһϻ𡣳⻨ȥáܺȾǡ
ЦһЦǺһأû뵽˼Ҳ顣
ȻȣǱƫϻ𡣡
ʺʲô˼ʲôȥûϻȥʲô
ﶼ֪ʲáƫһ֡ʲôĵĸԼȥȥȥԼûˡ
˵ԪǻǸûġ
ڻʺٴεľܾνʼ硣ˣѾ˵ˣ˼Ҳ飬ôֻӲŻʺȲɡ
꣬Ȼʺﲻȣôһһ˹ɡ
ӻ֣ʾϽȥԼ˵ôһЩˡ
ȻȲԼ¶Щн¶ūŶ࣬Ҫһˮˡ
°ˣųһֱվŲ˹ȥ
ϣôվأ
ƸտƵġͦȵ˵
ʻʺʶĿһۡ
Ҳ˻ʺһֽۣĿתࡣ
ٹѵĳվվ
Ȼ֪ΪôʡܲŻʺ棬˵ΪʺﲻվŰɡ
Ҫô˵ˣʺǵ÷ַһʺĴﲻɡ
ٹ񸮾Ҳ̰ɣôһ·϶ˡϢɣһҪ߻ȥء
ʱҲͬʺƽϡԸ˻ʺһ̨¡
Ȼ֪ΪɺԼߵýʺЭ֮ϴɡ
Ȼûͬ˵⼸ıԹ
˵ʲôﲻǶġ
ʱЩ֣ɿǺ۶ģôܻ᲻أҶ˵ڷʲô˼ڷʲôأ
ѯ֮£֪ɵڷʲô
Ϊȥһ˻ʺĹˣ꣬үǻ񸮵Ŀ
ʺȻɽЩͨͨ˶һ顣ڶȥĿ
ʺֱͲ˵˿һ콫еĿһ飬ʮһ֮Ҳġ
Ϊ𣿿ֲֻܾܾӲͷƤ絽ڶ춼ûϢһӡ˲˲磬һֱǷ
ʱΪڻڼ䣬ҪԴЩ¶ûȥܡֻίʱһۡ
ѾˣҲˡôԼǻŵġʺҲõ⹻ˡ
⡭
ɿ˿ࡣȻ֪Ԫǳں⣬ûлʺĴӦǲµġ
ΪôһСС£ûʺԪִ
һûϵǲǣԪ
ôģѵǻʺ﷣վ𣿡
๴һЦ
ˣ㶨¶÷÷
˵ʱ໹ӣһָֻɣ⣬ݺݵصһۡ
˶ӡףףܹףʺס
ôһ˵ûʺﻢˡǸղŵĻǱֱҲˣأ
ǻʺôվţǾͱʾˡʱԪҪٸ׷ס
ѵûʺɰһɣһҲԡǣɽΪֹȷʵͦõġ˿ɶǿġ
ܲЩǰ˵һеɡ
أôȥ˵ʺԪǰʱԪ
˼Ԫû֮ǰվŵģ˼Ԫ֮󣬻ʺӦ£ⲻŻʺԪ
ǻϵĵޣԭʺôһССĻأ
˵ʺеﻢ¡ôʡеڣղŸ̨µʱûץסᣬµԼ治ñˡ
ԪˡôأֻǻʺΪղһʱæ񸮵¶Žˡﲻİɣ
ʺ˼˼ȥȷʵ֪ôڣվŵˡ
˼˵ʺæʺæ񸮵£񸮿ɸϵЩĴ¶ãʶɡ
ôһ˵˭ҲѵһССܱȵϺ󹬵Ĵ¶Ҫ
ǣƱԡһæ㽫ɸˡվôãϽ°ɡ
ȻѾ˽ڣʺðײáڲʧ棬Ǻá
лʺ
΢΢ϥ֮Ķ
ŻʺߵļŮԽԽϲˮġǴأ
ɲǴҪȻҲôʱڣԲߡ
ͷһЦ⻰ɲ˵Ĺά֮ʺߵ⼸ȷʵӡӦٶҲ
ҪȻĶҲ硣
ԸʺĻҪߵ⼸ŮһһȥС
Ԫ˵Ĳǻʺ̵ĺá
ɸæԲ
ūŶлԪʶūΪʺЧȫ֮ͣūŵĸ
ĿޣûйĽŻĸˡ
ڻʺʲôû棬仰Ѿٶˡ
š
Ҳֻǵͷ㲻ʺˡ
ֻǾĻ衣
һʱ֮Щóܹܵ麹ֱ
ոտǾһӰĴ򶷣ȻڹôʱˣѾϰֳǳܹЩ﷢顣
ôһԵÿ¡ⰲʱ䲢̫͹Ůһһľ̶һʮҡ
ǰŮеϣЩ򵥣Ϊú첼ţ˿ԴӺ첼͹
߶ĶӦСġôӦñ֮Ķ
̫ŵıһĿȻˣȫһЩƥ
һνŮߵǰת࣬˫ָ߾ٹͷ
߶ȸպÿվؿĶ
Ůվ֮ɨһЩ첼͹̫ʦվæϡ
ߵһŮǰæǰǸŮϵĺ첼ҿ
Ķӳ˵֮ͫС
ȻԵģһĵȦ
֪ĵʹɫǵ޵
ںԺһŮ˻ᴩŴɫĵѡ
ĵӡһЩʲôɻѽ÷ѽһѽ໨Ʒ
ڻʹ֮УʺǷƺͽɫۡ
ȻʺٴĵˣˣǸһĵȦô˵ʡ
ڿĵȦʱ򣬵һʺı顣
ҪǲԼϲϲֻҪûʺ󲻸ˣôϲġ
˵ˣȦҲϸ˼ۣǼ佲ġһ֪ǾƷಢûвϲͦƯģǲһҲ
һʺ󵱳ɫ֮ʱջĿ⡣
ȦĵǲǵױûһȦأȥɡ
˵֮ʹɫЩŮһСŮǰӹ̡
ܹܣǲŪˣĵǵ޵ôԪأⲻǳԪԽ𣿡
˵Ǵ٣ʺ˵Ϊʧ˻ʺķȡǴپͲһˡ
⿴ںĵ񸮣ͬʱҲ಻ҪԽˡ
˵˵ʺ빬֮󣬱㲻ЩĵʽҲһð
˴ٵĻֻǹһЦȴʲôû˵ųܹܻػ
ȻҽⶫóôүԸģ߱ǿõġ
ƫһֿܡϾմԽʱ򣬿ûмȵۺмĵʽġ
ƹ˵ġǸūʮӣūҲԪԽ
ĵȦǻūŸԪȥġ
ܹĨһԼͷ麹֪ôһʺߵĹŮҲܽﰲϰ
ǺģЩǻϵķԸȻΥʥˡ
үĵȦȫûпǵʲʺá
ΪʱȦ֮үһ۾;رʺ࣬ҲǵãԼʹʹθȦ֮Ķ
ڵʱ˵һЩΣһ뵽ıȦ
˵ˣڿɲԽԽģҪʵڲʣ۸ˡ
οһĵʽȦأ
ܹܣҪȷȷʵǻϷԸ𣿡
˳ܹܵĻɫãʺѿɫϱ߶ֱѩϼ˪ڵû߶ˡ
ģǻʺʹٹﲻŵĻȥĵһʻϱ֪ˡ
ܹпడܹҲʮʮ˰ɡȵڵʱǿٹصһʵˡҲܺ󹬵¶
ĸܳˣʹͣǶǰŹ¶ûԽһ˵
»ʵǻ֮ȻţԽԽûء

822ԪԪ

Ҳεĺš˭˼ǻϣֻһūأôֻ¶
ܹĪҪšȻǻϷԸģô㰴ϷԸִаɡ
֮ʺڿ˿ڡǻϸģôأѵøһ󳳴ֲУ
ǻʺɶˡ
һȦѡʹ͸ԪѵҴҫɣ
ʺô룬ȴ֪´δĵȦȥʺ밲ء
Ȼʺô˵ˣҲֻЦЦߵڶŮǰ
ϱ߶ĺ첼ҵ̶ϷŵĵһΡ
Ӧ˵ҪһΡһԶӡֽİɣ
οյĽϱ߶˲񣬶ЩɶһһŴĥĸ״ģСպǶ
Ψһͬ߶ɫ񡣸պúͲʺɫһǵҲһģһġ
ڿʱ뵽ĵһֱǣʺοս
Խÿһӡôɫͬһ֮ϣôԵеңϽԵЩ
ⶼأûиָоС¸о
ӵ֮߸ͬɫʯ֮ϡ
֪ɫиѪҲл̵䣬ҲһЩ
ͳɫʯȴûм
治гɫʯɫʯֳֻɫĸָѪʯûȫӡ
ֳɫϵ˵ҲһָѪʯɫͷһμ
Ȼּ䱦ˣϲԶôοŮأ
еŮһ˫۾޲öϱ߶ʺڡ
ڻʺ󿴵ôƯ֮ʱĶϸվǸղŵǸȦǷŭǼŭ
ǴĻʺôƯ߹Ӧʺġ
ûһ棬ϱ㽫ʹ͸Ԫܲܲ
ϲ£һͬһȥĵúߵл¡
๴һЦǿ˻ʺ󼤶Ķվ
ϲϲĻôҪûȥԺʺ󿴡ԻʺǶôõģȻʺòôûʺ쿴š伢ҲǿԵġ
ǡ
ͷ͵͵ЦšԼǻûʺ˫۶Ҫð𣿻ôʺ󣬲Ÿ
ϣʺôˣôڶ檸վ˵ȵϻǲϻˣϽĸʺһȥĲ
ȥŮĿյ˻ʺһۣȴʺķŭӶڲͣ΢΢
˾ȵĽг˵ĿӵŮʺϡ
е˼˻ʺЦֲЦֻ͵͵š
ʺϻġ˼ǻʺûôõΣȴһӣʺܲ
ʺûеЩˤˣѾܲˡԪָŻʺȺȲ轵
仰һڸأ
Ǿ㲻ܹЦǿ͵͵ıЦۡ
Ǻǣ£ԪϸʹͰɡ
ʺôһѣҲ֪Լʧ˷ȡ
˫ȭĬĬϣֻ˵Щʱǿҧгݵء
ѽﻹǺЩȥȥΪʺ󣬷尲С
ﻰȻô˵ţȴѾڵŮǰվǰҿŮĺ첼
Ů˵ĵƽ࣬ڻʺз硣
һ׵ͷ棬ȫõĵ֮Ķ
ȻܳһͷĵȥȴǺѼˡ
ȷʵϲͷ棬Ҷ֪ôëɫġ
һԴɫһñ
Ҳ֪үôģҪʾһñ
ʵȫǴүˣڹŴñôһ˵үֻǾͷܺÿҺԲŸࡣ
뷨ҪĸҸүñӣүǵðƤɡ
ಢûоܾ£ҪΪ̲ģúõĸүһΣ֪ñӲ͵ġ
֮½ߵĸŮǰ
ĸŮǰƽƽģ߶ʲôûС˲ֹ棬ҲǺúܣѵЩǸ߶Ŷ˲ɣ
ҲܣЩ˾ĸʲôƵģôô¶أ
Щʾҿ첼
ҲΡλʲôϲأ
֮󣬾ȻһʥֻּʥּûдϾᡣƽƽ֮ڡ
µӾˡүǸʲôأôһʥּ߶أ
˵ĺ֮£ּ˵Ŀ֮д˿
ǿʥּݵģȴһ
߶߸Уʹ಻ͫһ
⼸඼ʶģ⼸ֵҲϤģϤˡ⼸үױд
ݱǡԪΪԪ½ǴүͱʥּѾЧ
Ҳ˵ӽ಻ԪԪ
֪Լ֮£Ҳʱ¡ϾԼ硣϶λݵģû뵽үȻôһϲ
Ȼ֪ô졣
ӿʲôף
ʥּ첻ҲҳšϿһ˿⣬֮ıһ˿۵ϲ֮顣
ЩġϾڻôŮ֮ĸ顣ı仯᲻ġ
ĵʻŴʥּлعԼ沿飬ʥּݸʾһ
ԥĽӹʥּ֮󣬻ٴȷһ飬Ǹոջһ˿˿ϲãȴ˲ûˣʣµ޵Ц⡣
ҲĲˡҶЩ˵Ŀ֮Уشʥּ
ʥּϵ߸ӳУͫײн֮Ц
ȻǸūţǸǰʱҲˡΪֲϲ¶»ˡ
ҲʹʶһЩֶģʥּд߸ʶ
ʥּɲΪԼӣԺԪԪˡ
ʥּдʲô
еżȲҲ뷨
ǺǣǺǡ
ӦһɵЦԽԽģԽԽ룬еͣ
㵹˵ѽֻɵЦ
еż޲޲ùȥʹһԴ
㣬⣬ǹˡ
ȻǸ˻ˣе״ˡ
ͷԵĻһʱҲеˡʲôѽѽѽġʲô
ϵǻ󹬻ûгֹءԣһǫʹѾˡ
˵ضʥּһŷ˶ֵĶ
ôоλ֣ӻأòƵûйϲء
һ뵽ת¡
ūŹϲ֮λ
˵֮󻹶ߵͷ
˻һڳ֮˶סˡܹҲ֪ʥּ߶дʲô
ʥּǰһ͹ģֻû˵κλֻʱͶʱһ͹ȥ
ǻµʥּܹܲ˽Դ򿪡ԵĿǰΪֹٳҲֻ֪ʥּݡ
ūŹϲ֮λ
Ȼعı꣬˵١⿴ıס
ǾԲֳѵġ˵ˣʱѶȻᱻ𴩵ģҲɵȻҲôɵ¶
ūŹϲ֮λ
껰䣬ĸĹŮ̫࣬˲һء
ūŹϲ֮λ
θߺ񸮵һȺ̫࣬ɲλԹʱϹ޼
һŵǻ갡ԪһССλԿɼ϶Ԫĳ谮
ҲֻԪλݡˣѶûŲһ¡
ҲΪԪԭ򣬲Ŵӹλġ
ԪԪϢȥ¹ķͱҪˡ
ϲ
ɱϾһӡԶϲҲֻվ΢΢ϥС
Ԫ֪ٴʥּǺ
ڳΨһһԸŵˣǻʺˡ
Ȼ׼Ǳ͵һʺвʡ
ֻһûмŮӶѣ˵ģҲһ澶ѡ
أλǽڽߣݵλ˲
һ졣Լӵǻ谭ʺ谭ԣȻߵһ
Ȼ֪ʥּװ׵д߸ֶԪԪ
Իʺɡ಻˵үʥּڡٲɣ
ֻǳ˻ʺ⻰ҲЩģϾ檲ʶֶҪʺ泼߶߶
Ȼʺ࣬ûʺۿۼΪʵ˿ˡ

823ʺĪҪŪʥּ

Ļվʥּʸʺ
ʺҲֻƲһƵʥּδӹ˹ȥ
ӹȥ֮˵ŵݸ˻ʺ
ʺǺܲ뿴⵹ʥּģǰڸոǰǾ仰ڲɵ
ʺӹʥּλε߸ֶ֮ʱɵ߬ʥּ
ʥּ涼ʼ壬һۡ
ү͸ôܱʺأ
ʺҪˣǻµʥּǿҪģôʥּᱻ໵ġ
ֱĶűʺŪһ֪Ͳûʺſˣֱ˸򿪲͵ˡ
ʺĻɵ֡ٻʥּǿǴ֮ҲС
˻ʺֻź⣬ʥּصķġ
ϲԪλδҲ̫ˡ
⹬ﰡеСһӻǸλϡԪĿǼ
ֻǼֱǶһ޶ϵǻŵ껹ûԪ̶̵֮ڴλ
ǹЩ붼¶
檳ɻʥѡ
ڻʺĿķǣ͵ˡáͲʺƽˡ
߶ЩҲˡȻǻʹͣǱһͬȥ
ЩʺģʥּĶֵһˡ
ƻʺʥּ֮ӣ붼úЦ
ʺﻹ£ô뿪ˣ⻹ҪȥԵлء
˵ž͸ʺһȻգգۣʾ˸ˡ
ÿˣʺͳˡΪʲôϿʺ˳ۣǻʺǷġ
ҪΪһˣ͵ʲô鶼ûһ
ʱΪλſ˵յǷǣʾģʱ꺢֮
˵ˣǽȴͻȻһ¶֪ˣ˵ءʲôҲ鲻
ȴţôôɵأʱȻӣȴȥ飬Ƶġ
һһڵĵ飬Ȼ³ˡ˵ǿ첻ͣس¾֣ŷ跻̫ҽԺȽϴĵط
ĴҲǴ⼸طģ֪ˣһǻʺ⡣
Ҫʲô⡣ƴ˵ģΪԼһˣŻƽ
ڻʺµҲֻǾúʺѡ
Ҫģ¶һˣ˵û֤ݰֻûʺˡ
߸תˣʺһѻӵˣ˹Ļ衣
ʺϢŭ
ŵùһءʱҲվͷһ仰û˵
ҲԪһߡǽǸŻʺһ¶ġԱһŻʺһ뿪
е岻ʡ¶͵ɣع
ʺʰԼ֮Ҳû񸮴ȥˡ
ֻҪһ뵽ԪŵЩƷöȻо
һǻعϢĺá
ʺڼݻع
˻ʺô˵һ
ūŹͻʺ
ūĵһҪȥЩ˷ǵóڻҲɡ
ʺѾߵſˡȻϡڻʺһֱ̤żʱͻȻͣ
ã񸮵¶Ҳܵ飬ҽϾλ£ɾɡ
ʺ˵ŻһۣԪûнɷϡҪȻո뿪ʱôأ
ȻߣôҪܻʺոŭ
ոտǱһӵܶԪܶһƵλ
˵Ϊ¶ʺҲǵһˡЩӦˡ
ףȻ¶֮ٻٹ
̾һ֪ӡʺԪ׼ҪϡҲϰˡ
˶˵Эáȴһϲ
Э˵úȨȨⶫ˶ϲһЭ
߽˻ʺȨʺȻˡǰԪŵԴԪ̥֮
ʺ䱾
˵ЭǺ󹬰ȨǶ˺˶ԣ˺˶ԡ
ʺ󽫼Ů̫Ļᶼ˸͹һһȥ˶ЩŮ̫ࡣ
ʹ֮УŮ˵Ҳǧˣټ̫ࡣ˵Ҳǧˡ
һ˶ԣһһһ֪ȥ
ﲻ֪ЩŮȥأ޷ǱĳЩܴˡ
ֻЩдڻϡˣΪ
ٶࡣҲ취ã޷ûʺͷһ٣¶˵⼸Ѿ˼ҳ㷹
ڣʺĪĸôһ¶ȻЩ¶漰Ȩص㡣
ǣɴûнӴһ֪࣬ô
ǿԺ񸮵̫ѧһ¡ǣǴʺ󽻴¶ʱѾˡ

̾һԹԪղûнߡ
ǹĿˣŲأǸŻʺЭġһߣʺҲסԺЩϸΪ
˵Թࡣ
Ҫ鷳λܹܣﱾһˡ
ڹǺƵģǶ̫໹ǹŮ񸮵̫ܹܣҲἷ
ɿڵʱһܹ̫࣬ЦЦڵ
˵ĻЭΪ¶񸮵ְ𡣡
̫һǾɺƣǾãԪšô˵Ҳøֱ档
ԾѺñѺãòҪ
ллλܹܡ
΢΢ϥǷǳлЩ̫ģҪȻû취ʺ󽻲ˡ
ɵĻأ񸮵̫ǣҲ¶ȥˡʣµǰɴʺµ¡
һߵ࣬Լˣ͸ֹصĶһĵȥ
ղΪʲôһأƻʺģһҪ
ʱҪ࣬ɴš
˵֮ԼӲûлش֪ˣǸʱӲش˲̵ľ֮һʵ
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Э֮ȨʺҲһΣɡ
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ʵҡҡͷԼӣȫԱɲܻʺ𷣡
ӵ˼ǣ԰һΣܴδζȥʺҲ֪١
ӽɴ뿪ˣ󣬻ʺ᲻ΪӸǨŭأ
ҪǵʥּҪһԱڹôˣô򵥵ĵ
Ŷūˡ
ĽͣȻ򡣲ɵõ˵ͷԼӴԴʮȲϡ
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ֵĿΧһۣôû˰أ֡
û˰Ҳûͨˣֱߡ˸㿴ĵĴſڡ
Ȼ࿴ˣôȻҲˡǰ
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һֱͷûпǵʥּǿЩСŮǶŵĲƥ
ΪЩӲ٣СŮȻ󣬿ɵҲӣԱЩҲЩġ
񹫹ɣ
˵ͷʾػ
лԪ
վȴû̧ͷǼš
ô߶Щأ
ָһֻĵĴŴȴҲֻ޼ļŮšһû
ŶǰСӽȥˡ
εЦЦ˵ⶼЩˣֲЩСŮƵġֻҪȺӵȥ
ҿĵû¶ǳ¶ǵһٰᡣ
Ŷԭ˰ǻϿĵ
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ү߶ء
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ģǰϴӦ¶ȥһ񸮡
ͷ˼һۡûʲôģʵ˵ˡҲΪ¶ġ
Ļ͵ؽͷ͵øˡȻ֪ϸ׼ʲô

824үһñ

˵ԪѾǵʥּڵӣлأأ
һʱŪˣ¶ǷԵϡǶлģǷԪӦԪϣǾͲ˵ˡ
ҽϾ֮ˣҲûʲôСֵġ
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ȥûñֳˡ˵Ȼүͬˡ
ΪǸ⣬һΣǵү
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ү߶ء
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಻һӡȻԸ⿴ԼҵĹŮôණվۡ
ԣȻȥɣԼһүһ
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ֻҪһ뵽үͷñӣԼͷͷ棬ͻ򶶣Ƥֱð
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үɲǱǸˣҪȻôϾ֮֮λҪȻôôߵ³ء
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үͫϣƺµһ㣬ɫͷϵľԲʲôõģҪȻҲһѾı顣
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үԼһÿĵΪһС¶ŭǰǣ±벻˺ࡣ
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Сʱһ仰˼˵˫˵Ůӱ˵ñӣô˵ӳ죬ҲŮˡ
һ߽ͣһ߿үı仯үߣȴүһֵ
ѵ͵Ĳ
Ҫү͸Ľ͵ʱȴүˡ
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үӦ˵ǣ޲һ鶹ײˡ
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Ǻǣתһ˵үˡ
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ոյĽͣүĵѾ֪˸ţ
˾ռˣûʲôģүô¸߰Ҳ÷¡
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825ȡȡС

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үһĿͷһ˫۾µµת
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үһЦЦһʱɲ١
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үȻҸñӣͲҪͷ̵ͷ档
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عү˲ڵɫŮˡղ˵ЩɿȻŻѶѡ
үĺ˵һŵӡ
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ȴһʱȴ޴׷ػǲ׷أ׷ɻϻûأ׷ɣϾӣ˼Ҳѽ
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ĵү׷ȥʱһֶ˸ղźȵǱ衣
ǸղŻȵĲˮѾ͸ˡүҲûҪȵ豭һšһ󲻴С
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˵ɣǻôżȥ˾Ԫ¶
˵ɣôһ豭ôĻأ
Ҫ˵ү˼ġ治֪
أΪ˲ûǨŭԼĬĬվŲ;
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Ÿʲôȥ޵Щñӣ·Ьӣдɫͨͨˡ
үֻҪһ뵽ЩɫķΣ뵽ղ˵Щ
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826ΪүһС۶

һỹҪͷչЩ
ͷɫҲˣҲǸѸʱӣҪȥ̩Сһ׼ˡ
ʱ˶ӵģ׳¶ʱɲϣ¶Լϡ
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ǹǲҲҪȥһ·أ
ЦŶԼҴӡСģĿεĲˡѵһС̫
ҪԼģ඼ܸ֪Ҫٹ
ȥһ·ҲˡܵźţȥϢһ
³ôĶ¶˶µĶӡο
лл룬ͿܵǣȻȥϢһֱӵ޵Ҷˡ
ı֤³ŷĵ뿪˶ҡ
ĿԼҶ뿪֮̾һתͷȥСӡ
СһҲ޲ֵġ۾ĶࡣҲ֪֪֪ԼǵĶ
СǡƸôϲ㡣󳤴ˣһҪý㡣Ҫ͸֪
˵Сһ
ɣŵעǻеġǸɣֵܡһү۰ĸ
ԺķҲ۸³ͬҲһλĿܡ
಻ϣԼӣԺλʱ֡
мѡһΪʵ۵ĻԥĻѡ³
ƫĴӣ³̣ǳƵ۵ĵһѡ
˻ʵ۵ĻԼֻܵкôûл
Ƕ߶˻ʵ۵ĻȲ˵ûǸ
ֻ˵Ļʵ۵Ļϱ߶һ״ѹšôס
ǲ˵㵱ͬˡɲܷŶ
СҲֻǳһֽšΪǸͲ˵ൽڱʲô˼
ǺǣĶǹԡǵĹԹԵĺִһȥϢһȻȥ̩òã
ӦȻСִߡ
಻⡣Ϊһ磬ԼȷʵЩˡ
ȥϢһʡϵӦˡ
ź£ڴϲñ˯ˡ
һ˯ọ̈ԼĪʱˡ
۾ʱѾԼԼͶӰڵһӰӰȻү
үһƵ֮ʱʶ
ûʱͬү˵Ļѵүʱ
ˣ
ڴϵĶүָơӦô˵ӦǶĺЩָơ
Ϊ˯ʱĺʱĺһͬ
үһĶϣһ˲䣬үоõ
ҾûԲү¶ô׷أ
һ仰ʶǽǷ¶
㻹˶Բү¶㻹̤óһ𣿡
үǱˡҲ֪⻵Ůôģĺĺ
ǺǣүǾ˵˵ѡ
橵ЦЦȻԼ˵شЬΪûү۵Сۡ
Ϊү۶͸۶һСϽūźױҲڶʲôʱˡ
ʱ䵽ˣҪģȴүӲĸֹˡ
ⲻһ˯˯˰ʱ
Ŷʱˡ
һߵɫѾ׺͸ˡҲҪʼˣҲ˹ˣôֳܲأ
߶߶жǰûýǱ㽹⡣
͵һô˵˿ţǾ⡣

Ծױ̨ǰ棬ױ¡
үôǶȻٴױ龰ÿζûһĲͷԽԽϲ
ҲɣûþͽͷȥʣµıǴΣױ͸¡
Щ򵥣յĹܸ㶨ˡ
ΪƤҲҪֻۣҪһüȻϸ֬ˡ
Щһ࣬ȻڽүЩ߶ġ
ϱǶ߲ʵҲǶĵȦ
ǸӣҲҴȥһˣǹȻүû˵ʥּѾˡ

827ʥּ

ĵȦҲ˵ĹȥˡʣµıͷϵġΪӵĴӣͷϵķΣ˲ٹ
Ǵᣬ߶׹գͷһֻ߸˲ٸʽ黨
ȸ߹ֲɺ׹ӡ
ϳһ߲ʵ֮⣬һԶĻס
ʣľˣڴʲôѣִ
Ȼ
ԼӦôһΪԼճӣɲԼš
ȴΪӦôһͷӦѡ
ͨ׵ҪԳĻѡһɫװ
òʣϾԼӻòôԵЩ
ѡһɫװ
ôҪᣬɫ·ԵúܲʣԱֱӸˡ
һҺɫװǼù
еִ£˵ĺÿ֮ʱүͻȻˡ
ֵĿүһۣתүָǸ
ֻмһҺɫװµģ
ΪԼҺɫĲÿһֱǷǶδ
үôһ˵ʱеԥ
үû᲻еװˡ
ЩҺɫѽۺɫʺЩδŮӴźÿŻ᲻ԵװأϾҲжʮüˡ
ִĻͲʲôڹŴѾ޵䡣
ʲôװۣү㱾ͺ۰
үЦĶࡣ۵ˮ˵Լװۡ
Ǻõģүġ
Ȼ˸ִүġŮ²˾ĵʱ˵׼û
ȻǲҷԵģϾѾּ⣬ôǾӦء
ѸٹȥһҺɫװùഩϡ
⴩֮ҿϿ¿ʺϼˡ
Ȼ·Ҫϲ֪ϲʡ
ϣүȻ۹ⲻ
౾˵ү涮Ůӡû˵ѽǵүһˡһǿɾͲˡ
ǣүǶ͸͸ˡô֪ܲʺʲôأ
үһġܾү⻰˵еʲô͸͸ģ
仰˵ĿǺġ׸ôŶأ
ʰʰ꣬ﵽûѽ
ɣըը޵³ŵأǿ߶ļӰ֪ԼҶѾˡ
ҲûԼˡ
ŸɣŵأһɫӰ˽
Ӱûгɱȥǳһɫү˹ȥ
үүֺǺǵؽɣűԼȻûоԼŮѾˣϸ׵ģѾôȥġ
ʱеԴסСˣͲˡҿʱ˶кӣԼ׵óԵʲôʱ
ʰĸɣƯ
ү´ԼҹŮһ⣬ֹǸк¶ͬģԼҹŮҲһʥּ
ǻʰǶƯأƯأ
ɣŸԴľԼξԼҶڻʰЩɣƶƲϡ
ڸɣŵʻүһʱˇ塣һϷı顣
ҪүﵽԼƯأǸɣСɧƯ
ȻƯ
үǺǿġڿɲʡϵĸûˡ
Ȼûдǹʵϡһ㸣Ҫġ
ߣʰ滵
Ȼү⻰ɣŶʱˡ
װĻʰ꾹Ȼ˵Ȳ϶ƯɣŵСܵ˴ˡ
ΪƯƯĸɣŲ𣿡
Ըɣ˵ԼүǺŸɣš
үôһ˵ɣŶʱˡ˵ôƯôûƯأ
࿴һĻɵЦˡ˵ү̸߰ɡôһ˵߶
ʰ꣬ٲߣʱľˡ
³ʵںΣΪʲôһĶһĻʰꣿ
̵ֱ
ԣԶԡȥԸ֣СǸϽȥ̩
ϽָԼǰȥԸ֣үԼҲٵ
ȫǨŭɣŵŭǨƵүϡ
үʲôû˵ֻǸԼҶһı飬¸ɣţһ
˵ʱ߶Ѿˡòƶڵ˹Ƶġ
꣡
˹ش꣡ĲֻǺвٵУһЩȼߵĴ󳼡
һȻҲˡֻϺûй
ΪһӣŲΪƷƷ׵ף
ⲢƾĵϱϵͿԹֻϾﻹӣһ
ⶼҪչţϱڼˡ
ƽ
үȽĸ˰֮ߵϵ¡
ͬʱ
л¡һߺ
޵尢磬֮ϲλ󳼽Կ⡣
үʼ˽⡣±߶һʱү˵⻰
尢ҲˡʱΪλ֡
˵Ǵƺ
ӿɱżˡ
ǡΪλ֡
ү˵֮Ѹٶһ̣ϱ߶ֽ
һϱ߶дһϱ߶дŬ
Խ尢Ϊ
ү˵֮ڳһϲ֮ʡҲЩΪʷϵ尢
ʷ˻ûأȻĻǺûг׵ʱʷ
ү࣬Ȼ֪ʲôǽʥּǸġ
ֳʱү˻֣ףߵԶһС̫
С̫һӡǸεĺӡ
򿪺ӡǴϿʲô
ǳмȴġ
һڻԱ߶ĻʺȻܿ߶ʥּ
ԽԪʥּһʥּдʲôʺͲ֪ˡ
ҪȻʥּһùôһһ
һ࣬һˡ
񸮵¶ûءҲܵ尢硣
ǴҴææĸϹȲμ֮󻹵ûȥˡ
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˺˼ڼ䡣Ѿʥּ˳үʾ£ߵмλá
չʥּ˵С
ˣʵگԻ
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һʥּҲ׼Ͼүǻ⼸ҲΨԪ˻ӣһ
⣬ڴ֮ڡ
ȹϲԪϲԪ
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ϾѾ֪ˣʱʥּûжĸд
ɣųӣӻءȥϢɡ
лǸʱүֹ
ôҪĹҲơҲơֻһ
һԵʺүģүϵ΢㱻۵ס
Ȼûκα֣ĵײɵֹ
ƣƻϾ۹и۲ˡ
ȵ۵ĺ󹬻ǻϵĺ󹬣ԪΨһһôʱŮӡ
߶¡˱Ž¶ʺҲŽʥּ
үȻҲš춼˲ɵüͷһۡ
ôһ̫࣬ʲôأô뻯ġ
Ǹ˵ӣүҲΪһĴ㶶ˡ
ūŸūʲôû롣
ڵϳүһͷ
˵ҪǸ˵ԼԪүǵȽѪɡ
޵尢Ĵϲӡ㲻⹷ūżƽˡ
ү񣬶ǶǰľƱһڱ֮ơ
лү¡лү¡
æл֮Ҳ˴ߣæվС̫ĺóһʥּ
ߵԭλϡʥּչʥּ֮ǰȿһԶĸɣš
ǰּ
ֺǺǵһơ
ôһ˵ҲˣʥּǸġ
ͻСͻǲܵģǾֻзͣүԴϲпܸһ׹ĳƺš
ԼҸڴֵĸɣţôһ˵һʱЩ޴
ôûнӹʥּοʥּǶһ˵ġ

828װү

˶ٸɣŶһЩš֪ȥʥּ
ࡣ
Ҳֻǻһ΢Ц
£ȥ򵽴Ϳˡ
֣øɣߵǰŵС
ڿɣһ֮ʾȥּ
ԼҶԼ߶ţɣŷĲ١ߵǰȷеߵүǰȻү¡
Ůּ
⻹ǸɣŵһζүԳŮҲԿɣŶ¶Ҳӡ
ˣʵگԻ
߶壬Эڹ磬Ů֮Ůξʣǣͼʷ֮棬֮ڡܲУԳɣ.ճбںͼڽ֮͡Ȼʶ£ʼ֮ǡΪ׺;
մˡ
һ֮ͨ󣬸ɣûʲô˼ġҲѡĶôµĴأ
ѧҲûʲô˼˼׵ģ˵Ůò𣿷Ǹֵĺá
ȻͱΪ˹׺;
ʷе񡣲ʷϵĹ׺;ǻʺĴֻڱŮѡ
;Ҫ˵лʰ¡
һԵĸɣţЩΪˡܲùһֱɡ
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һѲڵ麹Ǳ¶ˣ;ǲ֪ô˵Բһֱﲻ
Ůлʰ¡
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үЦŵ˵ͷ˽ɣŴȥ
׺;ķүӦɣŵġǣյǻʱȻʵТڣһʱҲܽʲô͡
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Ÿλ֣尢үһʥּˡ
˸Ҳˡλɡ
¶ˣȻľǳԳԺȺˡ
±߶Ҳҷ˻ϵӣЦЦһƬ֮
Ψһˣʥּ֮ûЦȻǻʺˡ
ЩۼСȻҲˡǻʺ󶼲˵ѵʱ۶ӡ
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һôֵ֮£ӽβүȻǺ˲پơ
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Ҫٽүغˣ޶ˡüȥү˵أֱӽүԼߡ
˳꣬Сĵķү˵Ŀ֮׼뿪
ŸߵĽ̩Ĵſڴȴһסˡ
ԪҪүȥѽ
ʺδӷվֻĶࡣ
ȴվԭزˡҲվסˣԼǲǷ̵үͬվԭˡ
Ȼүȵе࣬ûкȵһͿ־硣
ֻǿЩӰŲȣӻǺġ
˲ôΪǶûȶˡ϶Ǽǲڷ¶˻ʺŸô󵨡
ڻʺסʱүɫǻ۾һ˲תΪ֮ɫ
ǹһ˿ЦҲÿԵǽ̩ĴţԱ̩ûзЦ
ƻʺ˵ġүոոˣȵеࡣȻǴүϢô
תһ˲䣬Цȴ΢ЦƲ׻ʺʲô˼һ㡣
ڽ̩߶ĲǺ󹬵һЩԼڵĴ󳼼Ҿ졣
ƽʱڹԻʺûҲͰˡ⳼ǰٻǵøʺһЩӡ
ȻܲʺӣǻʺүĵޣӱǸүӡ
໹Ƕġ
үˣбţԪųӣ尢磬ЩȥϢɡ
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Ҳ˻ʺǻʺǺ֮ڿˣôԪͱҪ
ǾǶԻʺΪǾе˵ˡ
ఴסԼҪĳ嶯֪ʺҪű
ڲҪغ
˭֪һĵĹ涨Ǳĸλ֣λ
ϿɶҪȥ޵ģ˵ү͸ú
ʺ󲻾үûпڣ뽫үغˡ
ǲҪˣ಻ǳصġ
檲ۣ尢չšһ¡ӹǺöˣչҲûġ
ڰеүһҪΪûпү͵͵
Ȼ֮Щ㱡ǣ֪үȻȶˣûг׵
Ҳ˵ˣֳ¶ү֪ȴһԣ
뿴Цʱ಻֪Ǹ²۵үĶȤζ˾Ȼ
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ʺЦЦֻЦ֮еҧгݡ⻰Ȼ˵пܽЩȴԼʹ
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౻ʺôһ£һʱȻ֪ôʺ˵ľΪ롣
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ᵽﻢµĸо
ʺ£лʺţǵĸ
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ҾʷϼأǬ¡ۿصӵġǺúý̵İ磬ôպɲָտɴ
Ĵ֮дڵĽЦǵ˽תͷȥͻʺڿս
Դϴαѵһ֮󣬾ͰЩӡ˹˲һˣôһ˴ڡ
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֪ģ׼վڻʺһˡ
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ڣͬҲϲࡣ
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ߡ
಻ͬ˼ƽϣΪ۴ݻǴӸ档඼ú˵ڽԼĵΡ
Ȼʺ檣᲻֪ô
ͻȻŻʺݸһЦȻʺҪүүҲ뿴Ц
ô˵Ըүʺ󣬺úõүЦ
ôʺͻϻ޹˱ŰǺ͹ˡ
˵ͳŻʺϥʾΪүλãõסȥ·
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ɿˣΪˡү֮ԼûǵðƤɡ
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üڣҪٲڣɾĽˡ
ǣǡ
Ҳ޿κˡΪ˵⻰ûд
ǶڻʺĻԪҲǵһˡǻϵĻԪλô˵С
ôڻʺǰ˹˳ģеԪԸ
ǻع
಻񣬴ƹү׼Ž̩ĴŶȥ
ˣͻϻǬ幬
ʺôʶȤġҲȻѾҪˣôҲ˴ˡ
˵ŻǬ幬ǻʺŵû˵ʱ㽫ƵĻϴ
Ͼǳһȥ
˭˵ҪǬ幬
װүװȥˡʱֲֵܱүװŻѡ
Ǹʲô㾹ָʹޣҪ塣
үһƿָŲԶһ󳼡λҲǵùүһָָˡ
ŵվڵϡ
΢ʮԴҲָʹϰ
λͷ麹ֱȻϵ˼˵ָȴѽСĸζܲ
⻰
ӦСŮҪ󣬽ʱ㣬ԴϢŶ

829үҲ

˶ү⻰˵ʺġΪƣźͿָ˶ѡ
һ˶㻹ģ޻Ǭ幬޲ŲǬ幬أ
ү˵ŻҡҡλεߵǸ󳼸ǰž˹ȥΪ˾Զүֱһա
ŵæȥطүҲϡ
ſڵү֮󣬱վſڿ˺Ϸүողǻ뿴ЦֵԼϷˡ
ڷϵĻʺǳ׺ڻϵָɣʺ׵úء
˵ڹԼ¶ڹԼԪˡ
ʺﲻĺܡ
ˣǬ幬
ʺôôǰ滹Ҫġ
ϿԲӣܲԼӡ
޻عƾʲôҪͣ޲Ǭ幬Ҫȥ
˵ʲôģү˵Щû˸˵ʲôʺ
Ԫأ
үתͷûҵΪ֪󡣵ʱתôô౨أ
ǲ㣬ǲ۸Ԫ
үһָŻʺĲˡ
ˡûСԪԪعϢġ
ʺֱӹڷԱ߶ŴϻأºˣûץԼһɧ
ߣ޲ŲĻˡǾϲ⡣һĻ⡣
үͷ˵ʺˣǼֱĲ
үָ𣬻ʺһĲ˼顣
ôСС壬Щ󳼡ô㲻棿
ǻʺ󰡣Ļʺ󰡣ǻϵĵޡ
˵ԺôΪǰЩ󳼼Ҿôʺ
ʵ̫ˡѵ֪ԼλôʲôΪһԪȻ
ڴǻʺ˳޵ӣȻһ϶Ƕô壬ǰܱסһۺͬĵģ
񣬻һ涼ˡôȻϡǺǸֵʱˡ
ԣһ̻ʺ¶˾ġ
ֻȨõģʥ
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ʺȥԼĺ⡣ļƻֻܽ˵һ˼ʮ꣬һҪúõӡۿԼҶ˾֮
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үɴͷʵΪȻѵģ˵ȴԼơ
ֻΪ˵Ȼ첢ûзʲôĹȻ֮󣬶Ȼųʺġ
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ʺս˫ȭðÿһļƻ
ǲԸôģֻϺǸ˱Ƶòô
ߣҪȥҪȥԪ
үֵĽлš֪ŻôС
ϷҲˡȻҲҪү
ϣ
ʱĳүתͷһ˿Ц⡣
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үӣ໹Ҫģ˹˳ߵүǰү֡
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үûǸ׼ôһ˦˦˸ʺ
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ҲҡҡλεһʮֲװɵסҪȻһȥˡ
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үһҪǬ幬ϢҲ˵˲Լ
ʱͼˣôܲԼأǣԵ˴һˡ
үô롣ôһ˵үǸ񾭾һֱš
е紵ݶүпܱǸ񾭡
ү˻ôͷҲɡֻүסˡ
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ǸĸƢһĻѾһλáôӡ
ȻǾԲԽѾ̧ҵġ
ֻҪĸͬ⣬ôֻһѾߡ
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ȢҲٸ档һТ˳ӡû취ﲻТ˳ôֻ뿪ϣԺҵТ˳Ůӡ
ʱȻԼû˿ģһ˿˿֮ϲ֮顣
֪Լǰ̩¡ָǲϲ߸ȷе˵ӦһŮһӵĽ֮飬㲻ϲ
˶ˣôʱǾʱ
ģӦңǲòãԺöﲻǸˡФӴǱԻصȥġ
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˵ˣʯϵоФոں̩
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ָӡһ˲ѾЧ˱㲻Ƿޡ

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ҪƺܽĻֻ˵áˡ

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ЩСӦСڶԼǰѾ߹Ǳ˲Թû뵽һ
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΢΢һЦ˶ԴƵġȻҲһˣŵĿִ˵ꡣ
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Ц˵ȻƼ˳ӣô֤ЩԼоȻǺóԵġ
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˵ÿιȥŵʱ򣬶ҪЩС̫һ
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Ȼ½Ӧ˴ӦЩó
ǳԵĶûУŷǰ̫๬ŮԵĺá
ôһ͡漴˵ͷôԼŮʱ򣬿ǳŷ͵Եġ
Ҳ˵͵ԡԼһǮŷĹŮЩóԵĶ
ЩʳȻǴӺӵġ

845İ

νģǱһӵ߶װʮȻߵʱ͵͵߶һ
һҲû˻ȥϸоġ
Եʱַ͵˲ٵĵġ
˵ĵҲȻطˣôһҲӦõġ
˵ͷôԼеʥĸأ
˼ŷūŶû˵ʲôȸżˡ˵˼ұӳԵĻء
һȺһ߶˵ŻҲߵ鷿
鷿˵Ҳһ߶һԺӣȻ˺öС䣬ֱͬĻڿΡ
ൽʱǺѾѧˡΪ߶лӣлǵĹӡ
ǲȥģվſڵšָʹһС̫ȥ³ûߡ
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ﲻˣˡǰͬǰ
С̫ɫ԰סȻһֱܳˡ
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ԭĸС쵰ǰû³͸ɣԿôڻǲѧԣȻͬİվһ߶ˡ
ΪԼǸˡǺЦ
Ҳ֪ôġҲʮ˰ɣĶС
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߶ܵͦȤģһġ
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˵ˣ߶һȺСƨܽȺСƨô
ЩСء
һĻǿġԼҰǿɲܳԿඣڣǵúúýѵİ衰һٲɡ
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İ·ǰܵʺԡһԴĶŻʺ
Ĵ졣ҡ
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üԼ˷˴һˣ¶
ô˵󰢸İҲأ
鷿ſڵģʺǱŵġſڵһĨɫǿ
˵඼֪˭ѽѽҪһϷ
˭᲻Ӻң뺦㡣ݺ˻Ҫ˭ܵõϵΣô˭Ӯˡ
ǰǲмôģһǰЩֵֶһᣬĶǻʺ
ȻϷҪ㹻һ˸Ų
ǻʺŮȻλ˿ԱġǴ󰢸˵ҲǻϵĳӡôԣҲһŮ˵Ҫ󰢸Ժôڹ°
˵Щʱ򻹿ԵĵͷʹᡣΪԼ޵ĲԻס˰
Լίչֵ쾡¡
ͻȻת䡣ʺŪһһ㶵ġջһʢ˵ģôίˣ
û뵽ʱԼվһŭĻϣû뵽ྐྵȻͨõһС

848İ

ոѾ塣عȻúý̵ԪողҲǴİ𣿡
ʺüͷʲôʱԪҲ˽ƽϡҧһŮʲô˼
ʺ֪ԶһۡʺߵŮǳ⡣Ҳʹ
ҪҪ⵹ʺ󣬻ٸ£ôҪıǴߵŮҲ൱ûʺնұۡ

˵ģģñݵģ඼ˡʣµôֻܽүˡ
Ȼڻʺ˵Щʱ򣬴ſڴһŭ
ʺ߶˳ȥֻһɫ۵үһŭվ鷿ſڣվ̫ҽԺ̫ҽ
򸣽𰲡
˸Żʺڻء࣬ǹڵϣʵǰء
ϴĿǸɸɾģɲүиŪġ
ڵ϶塣Ϊ֪Ѿ֪˸ղŵ¶
ôҲͱʾǻĻôԼɾľһˡ
ǻϲĻҲôȥˡ
ǺԻġԣŶ
ô޵Ļʲôʱֵһūˡ
үһ߿ԼǰһС̫ࡣС̫Ȼǻʺˡ
˾ܿóϴʱǷǳʺġҪȻҲûʺ˳
ūŸ
嶶øˣˣۻʺ
ȻǸһūŶ˵ĻӣôָΣ
ߵǰͷŹſڵϵ塣֮顣
ⲻػʺ¡ūԼ˵ġūŻСź˵˻
ͷ̧Źſڵصơʹ˵ĻǺܴ󣬵ǽ˶ü
ûлʺıӻôң
ү˵Ҳͬһūżƽϡֵǰȥ·
үǲ˵ģֱһŸ˹ȥߵһԻİĴϡ
һүǸ˾İʹһ˵ϡ
ٵáİŵֱ˿ӣСͼү١
ҹ߶ҲΪϵİ꣬ԼүӲİһ鲻Խ˿ӡ
ΪİڴٻԵһоԾıǴ١
ŵøæİѵסѾʪ͸˵ĿӡʥǰС㣬ǿǴŭյ£ڻϱͷϡ
İ绹ǻٶʲô
һϾİλҲǺԶҲԶľ롣
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ΪİϲһЩģϲ߲ˮּȣİЩϻСζЩ
Χ˶ŵˣȴ֪
һȽڴٸİʱŵõˡ
Ĵ֮͵͵һȦҲŷİҿʪһʲô
Щ˵һ⣬Ǿİʧˣһ뵽æջĿ⡣
ȴڲͣ²ۡǼһһӢµĺӸôһİôӲĶȻᱻˡ
˼Ҵ󰢸ôģ²Ųңһӡ
Щ¶Ҳֻһ룬ҵô˵˵
ǳ檽̵ơ𷣳ҲӦõġ
ʺ֪ڸԪأڿϵһ˲䣬ʺˡ¶ռˣֻܴݺѪˡ
Ӧõġ޼ǵ㲻ǻڽڼ˭ĵӾȻ޵ĻԷ硣
үɫһ䡣ûǵʺʱ䣬ʺ֮үŸڷų
尢̵ڻһ¡ҲǵԼûûʺǰ˽㡣
ôĿŵĲԼĻϡôûˡ
檲ҡֻǳ˵İ类˴ˣ˼С˽Գ
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үܲΪʺİ磬˻ʺɡνǹЩ˵ɲǹԷˮõġ
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үָڵڴǰ壬ĶȻô˵ǰĶӡǴүġ
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үôҲǸøӡĶӣֲӹŮ̫ۣӻģôֲ˵ġ
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ʺյٵľܾ֮ȻΪʲô֪ٲ᲻İ˵ģֻ˵ʱİ粻̫ܿҽ
檸ոˣİ粢ûʲô󰭣ͲҪ̫ҽ鷳ˡ
ʺЦЦ뵲̫ҽǰȴ༸סˡ
ղûпԽעмļϡ
ȻİԼٵĽšȻ֪׷ʲô£֪İ϶ʲô˲֪¡
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ʺﻹ԰̫꣬ҽúõĸİһơϾİ绹СݵҲһ¶
Цŵڻʺǰһûʺ޲˺ࡣ
Ҳүе֡ʲôʱôİô֪
൲ڻʺǰ̫ҽ˳ߵİǰ
һ߽İ磬һɳǵɧζȫ̩ıǻ֮С
̫ҽҩݴ򽻵ӺĲ¡
Ϊոֻͣ鷿⡣ĶʮԶɣŲģһ߽ŲҲͲ̫ҽˡ
⡭
̫ҽɫ֣ôİ㵨СⱻôһţȻͱŵˡʵѵΰЩҲһӸùܵ¶
ڹİ翴ݵġĺûйϵ
İ绹鷳ſ΢û˵ط
İɵˣ˵ʲôʲôղŵŰ裬ڵųֱˡ
̫ҽ˵֮İԹԵſ졣
̫ҽ˿ȷֻݵˣĲûʲô󰭣ŵ˵ͷתү
үİ粢޴󰭡ֻǵһñȻ
ү֮󣬵˵ͷû±ãȻİ粻ʲôϣǱϾҲĺӡĻеġ
ûǾͺã檿ɸ³һȭǺݺݵشİϡУ檻ǲġһǵϸơ̫ҽûеط˵
ỵأʺŹȥƫƫҪȥһİ絽ʲôط˵ģ
Ҳүע⡣ô֪ôĵġЦȻǱŻأ
үҲˡ
ˣİ磬ллԪĹġ
ʺ࣬˭֪ĸһֱӴ첲¸˹ȥ
˻ûзӦʱѾߵİǰ
һ߽㱻ǹɧζͷΡЩڹʱ䳤ˣŵζǻ㣬֬ζʲôʱŵôصɧζȻʱˡ
ϣʲôζ
ԼȣӶС˵ǺģǶԻ˵Ͳˡ
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ĪҪǸոշ֮ûϴֵūĪҪūųײ
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˵Щɶǽźӵġ˵
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һүֵˣֲˣǾͲˡ
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үߵǰūŰ£ȻʺһҲһӡ
֮ү㳯³İ֡ʾ˹
³ˬ죬ߵүǰ

849һˮƽ

İ̵ģԸŲ벽ֱүɫԽԽİ֪ǻʰҪˡſ߼ߵүǰ
һ߽ү֪Ϊ˵˭֮ûϴˡ
ɧζʵ̫ˣʺȻҲ˵Ҳ֪ôˡ
Ϊζİʱġ˵ǰļ˶֪İ˿ӡ
ûϢĶ
үĳΪĶӡôܹô˵أ
ߣĵܾȻˡ
˲˵ǰŻʺӣ̫ҽ˵ǰŻϵӡ
Ǹɣſɲô࣬ոջʢ˵ĵܣȻһͷڹһɣſǷǳġ
ɣôһЦİʱոյĺһɨ⡣
еָŸɣ˵
㡭㡭Цңұûʶ㡣
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˵ʲôأ;Ľ㡣ôôûأ
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ģǴĻʵۣꡣǿЩ˵š
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ʺİ磬Ȼү׵ĳͷİ硣гͷôе
һϣ໹ͦ׻ʺġ¶Լϣƻͻʺͬ
޽İ罻ʺʺ͸һûϢĶӳ𣿡
ү˷ŭôһĶʡģĶӽ̵Ķʲôˣ
ǰˣŮֶΣӦŽ緢֮衣
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쿴İҪܷʺ󣬹Ҳøܷˡ
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850ү׼ô˵Լ

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ʺүʧı֮ʱȻȿүʱҪŵġ
ǻĻǾͱʾںӡ
ˣǶӵʧǾͱʾϽҪˡ
˵ϲӡǽǸλ޳
˵ԺİΪļʼ㡣
ϣ;СҲһ˵嵱£˵ˣİ꣬С˵Ļܵأ
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ү鵭ģûʧ֮飬ҲûǶһԼں¶ѡ
ʺûע⵽үı顣ֻô˵ﻹһǲ׷ˡ
ûʱүһ仰ֱʮ˲
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ү˻һʺ󲻿˼飬඼һ
ү볹׼ܿջʺ󡣲İˣûʺûȨ
˵Ϊ˻ʺ룬ǻʺ彡ûʲôһ˵ֻǱʺ֮жѡ
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оԼʱεҪĻ׺ݺݵشĵ´ʱҲѾɵһڵˡ
ԪġűãȻҩ
ʺ߽ӸµĶ
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漴ϽתͷŷĵطȥȴᶽѾѪ֮Сɱᶽ߶һСʿ
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ʺΪ㲻Ϊθı
үģһȣֻҪٵһֻҪǸˣŤתĻᡣ

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еĴ檲ǽ檵ĶӴӳߴߡ
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û뵽ϾȻôѸ㡣谮Ǹôô¡Ȼô룬ȴ˵ү˵
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ͷҪó͸ǿţĸ׻ƽƽ߳ηˣܰɣ
ת֮η˲俪ʼˡǽţϾǳȥô
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СȴûиųȥΪﻹŶأЩɶǸǴġ
ˣҼҷ˸Ϸ˴һЩԵģһЩӣպá
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Լҷ״̬Сǳĵġɲүûлʱ÷˳ˡ
С׷ȥʱѾ߳Ρ
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ʱ䣬һֱڹע飬ֻҪ˹ŮϢὫдȥ
ӣҪŽǸϳȥźӣūŲġ
걻ôһ˵ʱڿЦˣĲȥһǹûˣҲиδ
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򱱴󽫾ǿǴһƷĹλûĸ佫һƷλϡ
˸ǵһˣүô˽ĵġ
һΪ߶˵ĸ˶ꡣЩ˶
ǣҪ뾩ǡҪ˻ʺ롣ǻʺڹˣԶʲôģҲ鲻
үҲ¸췴ΪѾջ˴ıȨԸ㷴
΢ߵл¡
층ѾǸεСӡô꣬˳˵ζ˶òɣ
ȥĶûʲôоھҲãȥҲաν
ˣ°ɡ
ү̧֡ʾ⸵£Ȼ˵
Ʒ˵оʱͬǹûġ޷Ϊᶽػþǡ
˼˶׵ġ뽫ƷھǡƷսϱı֣ҲĿõġ
˼Ҳһӡ˼ʵģλҲûʲô塣
ĩл¡ֻĩְֻϿܷĩĸ
Ʒ˫ϥء·Ѿˡ֪ңĵıˡ
ƷţݾԼķ˾ȳĸס
λûԺϵĸûˣǾҲûˡ
뿴ѻҲ벻Ծȳ˵İ취ֻðãԼĹλ
˵ʲôأλܻİǸϽлɣ
Ʒһ˲䡣Ǭ幬
˭û뵽ƷʱΪһﳼ顣ѷĹɲͨĹǿĴ
үƷЩʱ򣬱ĴĽɫҲıˡ
ϽƷǧҪϲŭϡ
˭֪ƷȴǸ۶ġ֪ڡ
΢ֻ΢ĸһ˱ɣֻһլԺĸ˼ҡͲ֪ʲôııġ
ƷԵЩżһ챿ģһż˵ˡ

뿪ڣȴүֱӴˡ
øƷ㾹Ȼþв޲ɡ
үɫѾ㡣κҪ󶼿ԴӦǶЩı֮ˣү޲ýʮ˴ڳʬô׷Щţ
΢ҡ΢ֻǺͻף΢Ĺλȡ΢ĸ
Ʒ֪ˣǼϲòȻѾ˵ˡôƷֻܼȥ
ãõúܣ޵˸Т˳ĺóӡ
үŭЦָƷеɸ֡
˶ܿóƷƷȴô˵ǰӡ
үôܲ
Ͽ
ƷɵͷԼĹλȡĸ׵֮ʱԼҲǾġ
ԥǾԼӦô
ȻҪĹλһŮ˵ôޱȫ㡣
үƷôִԲĶžƱֶͣض
̫֪ôˣ̫֪ôˣҪƷĵܵܣȥˡܻﰭۡ
лϳȫ
ƷһͬʱҲһ˿ʧ䡣
ȻƷϡᶽλáôξٷ
Ʒ׼վصԼλ֮ʱүһ仰ȴһ¡
Ҳֻһ֮ƷִݵԼλϡ
ᶽıֱӱɱλһֱүƷ
ǻˣƷȴҪôλҲһֱȥ
ү㽫λøξٷ㡣һΪ˺Ʒǣ͸ղ˵ģλòһֱȥΪᶽϵžǵİΣ

ξٷһʱûзӦ
붼ûԼϾᶽλá
ǴһƷĹλءҲǸƷĹλѣû뵽ֱԾһƷλϡ

881Ҿȥ

ξٽϽл
ѽôϵЩ佫Щͷࡣ
һΪ˽֮˷λһɵɵĲּ֪ġ
΢ּߵл¡
ξٷߵм䳯үϹ
ּɵ۵ġڶ̫̫̫ԼӲס
챾߸˵¶Ʒôһ¡үʱȤˡ˺߶Ҳ֮ˡ
ǸЩ佫ĹλүɸˣеķҲˡ
Щڽ֮ǰֻսϵСϺסӹҡһ䣬Ѿ󲻿ˡ
ΨһûиıľƷǰʲôλʲôλ
֣ж־ķôΪһˣǰ;
һˣյ߳ʹȻǸƷһȥĸˡ
˵Ǹˣͷ̫ߡȴһĽթ١Ϊ˾ͺĳһ
ʱֻһ뷨ôûһأҪȻľᶽԼˡ
㵹Ƕƨ˼ּиޣһЦҲֵˡ
һ˳Ե˻ȥ⳺ڴֱ֮ͿԿó˵ʲǺܺáЩЩķ֮⡣
̲Ƿ˵ĻǷƷ
Ϊ佫սƴΪĲǸһݽĻ
׿ʥּƷȻΪһ̫šȻ϶š̵Ĳһ
ǶɣһˣԲѾᡣôôûϢģ
ξٷ㿴ȥˣһӶˣƤˡʱսôûǽأ
˼֣ǰ߶һĶں߶ܳɹ
ˣûϢ
ξֺι˵ֵܣᶽλø㣬Ȼ⡣
ĲȥʱһģһġƷһݣǰ档
أξٷҡһ䣬˴һƷľᶽֵҲֻ˸Ʒĸ졢졣
رתôܹĸԸأ
˵ǣξȢҸʱˡߡ
⳺һ˱˻ԣ˵ǾξٷˣǿŰ۵ĺܡ
ǡ
ˣξֵûΪᶽ
ξٷҪƷƽʱȴһֱĬƷˡ
ʵƷξٷᶽλãʱҲЩ죬һȻˡ
ξٷսϵıֿɲƷʲô¶ǳǰ߶ϰ˶ٵû֪ξٷȴÿս¶μˡ
˵ξٷıһϴ֡û顣ôıأ
ǸξٷһþʦĻĳɾ;ԲƷ͸֮¡
ҾᶽλãҲҪʲôıԡڻϵƤӵ£ξٷֻҪϵĻͳɡ
Ʒ룬ҲǻϵɡϲҪһıľᶽڶı
ûıԵľᶽʺϱϿƲ
ʱϻѡҲǿԼϣҲԼıɣ
ߣҲһССƷԱĵֵͬô˵
⳺ݵ˵šֻҪһƷ뵽ƷһţҪȻʲôҲǡǲͲ˲ͬ
ǾҪϲֺˡ
ƷĳûҪС˷ѿࡣ
żӹٽ͸ڳſ޼ɵԺ󰲰ֵַõǵĸ죬졣һڵ硣
ȥᶪĹλġ
ξôҾҪȻظˣ˻ء
Ʒ˵곯ξٷһȭ֮㳯ķȥ
ߡ
ξٷͬĻһٺ⳺һת뿪ˡ
ûʱͬϻˣھһլӻûأʱٻؾУѾˡ
ξٷһȥһҿջһ˵
ףƢ
⳺ƷξٷԴȻǲˬţҪƢǱٸסˡ
֡˶ԶˡɫҲˣǻǸϽظɣ
ҡҡͷҲ⳺Լ˳ξٷ뿪ķҲ뿪ˡ
⳺һҲûʲô˼ȻǸ˶뿪
һڵ֪µʱ򣬲ɵüͷ
ЩǴ³֪ġϵϯ³ͶȻڡ
ڳ£һġ
˵˾˵ôģΪʲôúõľᶽҪҪλȥһϸ˵أ
³ǲ⣬Լ˾˽³벻ͨġ
ֽŹǴ˾˽̵ġЩʱҲύ̸ϼ䡣
³֪Լ˾˵־һսҫ鹡
Ȼôʵ벻ͨ
ʰķӦأ
˴㡣ȻƷѾ˵ˣֻǲ֪ү
ʰ껹ʲôӦȻˡ
³ҡҡͷ˵
ʰʹЩı֮˵ġ˾˾Ȼùλͻʰһı֮ˣ˵ʰܲ𣿡
³Զڽ¶³Ҫ뷨
ԼҶʳ֮¡Ƕ֪ĲȻʰ١ԼڶѧĵҲ̫ѧ١
Ͷˣ룬ʰĻʵۣ˼ҶҪˡҪǻܳסǾɵ
豭滨ĸĭƲȥȻͷС
ҲϵүһȥһǬ幬ˡ
ԼҵܵǵĻȻȥɲүƷ֮϶
˵ǣǶӲ˾ΪҪˡ֪ǵĻʰմŭǴ˾Ȼˡ
³ףȻ˵ϷǴ˾˵ĸʱԼֵܶıĸʲô
㻹С˾˵˼
ЦˣɵСӡôᵽమ֮˵˼أƷȵĲˡȵϵ΢Ц
㳤ԺסʱҲˡЩȥϢɡ
³Դĺˡúһߡ
үֹһཫ³ȥ᲻ãӲҪ³ʮ֮͹ȥ
үֻӦࡣ˭ŵأ
ǶҲЩϢӸˡ
Դ³رĲġ˭Ķأܴ򣬲סֻΪˡ
ţ
ͷۿ³ȥЦʧ
ӣ˵ǲǴүģ
üͷǰԴ˻кøеġأ˾ȻΪ˾ҵĸסүľλҲں
һ˿Թүôõӣ˾Ȼ֪ϧʵ˿ѽ
Ҳ֪
ҡҡͷܿ϶˵ƷġҲ˵ġ
ڸղţ³Ҳ˵ˣƷǵʱϵһԵȺ
ҺƷҲȷʵϴһʱûƷе˶ֻ֪ס
׼Ǵүġ
ƲƲ϶˵ΪӸߴ˵ġôǴ˵ģүô֪أ
ˣڲ׷ʱ򡣡
ַŰվ״æȥһһҵźࡣ
춼ôˡҪʲôȥ
ģԺˡ
ȥһǬ幬
˵űһԼȥ
ôˡǬ幬ղŹˡ˵үЩ΢ͲˡʱȥˣҲѾϢˡ
⣬ʱ̫࣬ҲˣôҪȥأ
ȻҪȥһˡʱء
һЦүǿԼϣƷôôȥ
ҪȻƾƷһı֮飬ùλΪ㹻үϳˡ
֪ôʱ򻹹ȥ
ⲻϸţûϽ
һ仰û˵ڡԽԼӲˡô¶Ķһأ
ѽǹȥõġ
صգգۡվ˵ˣἺΪأ
ƾүС۶һ˳Ļ׼Щ

ͷ亹ԽԽӵ뷨ˡ֪ɽлȴɽС
λϵԭɡСŮܹ׵ġ
ˇģ΢΢һЦ̫ˡ
үлҲǲᳯġһѡҲΨһܸүİ취
ͬʱƷҲ
ʱƻͨڵȴƷعƵġ
Ʒ̾һ漴̧ţǰķȥ

882

֪ʱ˿϶ǰأܾôֱӻصԼԺӡ
Ʒ߽ǰĴţ̧ͷȫﻶӭƷظ
꣬ӻˡ
ڿλϵһŮʱƷеǳᡣ֪ԼҶͰ᲻ڡ
ϴˣã
վǰϸϸĴƷ
ˣˣǸ׳ˡ
ˣ϶Ȼط˴ɡ
Цʵ
˲ûȥԹ﷢£Ҳ֪
ս˾Ľʿĸûзݽأ
˭֪ƷƺĻֻ֮ǳĬһȴĬеһ˿˿ָо
ǲûʳڣǵƷԼ˵
ҪöͰʧˣӲûʲôʹ͡
Ʒ˻һڳ˶վ
ǲܵ¶ЩСʿ˷ͣƷôûзأ
ܣͬڿЦأǰɣ
ǿسסԼЦ
ûпЦҽϸҵķΪ
Ʒ˵ֻǿһϣȴû˵ȥ
㾿ʲôѽ
Ǹżǰ֪ƷҲǸֱӣôδս֮󣬱裬µġ
øżĲˡ
˺͸һƷĻƷȴʹ˴סû˵
˲֪ƷʲôǱƷһ۵ȴƷĶԼйأҪȻҲῴԼһۡ
뵽͵һѵүǸ
үôֵ𣿡
˵жǼٵġѾ׼ġû뵽ƷȻ֪롣һɹˡ
ûʲôֵֵõģһ˵Ҫ𣿡
ƷǿЦЦһϵĶԻҲµһ㡣
Ȼоϧʲôû˵ƷԼѡ
ˣϴҲˣȥЪŰɡ
ϰ˰֣ˣǶ˵档
ôﰢҲЩϢӸˡ
Ʒͷϱˡ֮ǰʱѻȸΪǲ֪˵ʲôá
Ҳǻһ̾ϢظԺˡ
ʱԺҲƷϵԺӡ
үɲΪôһıΪҶˡ
ͨϺƷԶ
ֻüͷƷͷϡ
˵ʲôأĸһүĹλûˡԺлĸûˣǾûˡ
Ʒ̧ͷһ˫ֽϵ֡
źڿϵʱѾɢˡֻʣ
үôվʳѰأ
ηϵͷ˿ɶڴƷĿԼܷأƷΪȻǰʲôûеԼ
Ժ֪˸ôˣµľˣԺΪº϶
ϾʱŮֻǸӳɹĵʯȴ赲Ʒɹ·ʯûѾǳĿˡ
ˡүǵõ꣬ڹ¡ڵʱҲǣ㸸ҽԼƴԸġ
Ʒվߵ϶棬΢΢ϥӡôͷԼǰϡ
˾ˡǵĺãǻʮ˴ǲãҲٰ
ΪʱϵƴֿƷԸԼĹλĸһ
ԭү֪£
˫Щ΢죬ȻûмƷ棬ǣÿμ΢΢ӣǼġ
ϲŲԸ˻ġ
Ȼ֪
Ʒ΢΢һЦ⸱ģˡ
Ϊԭ򡣿վأ
ô˵վǷƷǷҡ
ﲻȵĻôүӾͳɡ
Ʒ˵ЩʱҲһЩ΢΢죬ֻΪ紵ɹϺģ˵ǿ
ţ
ϵͷǳСʵǺˡˡ
ѽ
ϴӦһ˲䣬ֱվӡϴᱧ𡣵һ
ôʹӽʼɡ
ƷԼװ˵ǵؽϱڣķڴϡ
ƷĸӡڽҪӴϵһ˲䡣ƷǱʲôƵģʹϵ
ү
˫ۺ漴ԵվڵϵƷ
Ǹүȥϴһٻɣ
ƷԼĺӡôôＱأġ
Ǻǡ
Цһ漴˫Ʒ˫΢΢Ʒһûֱӱ˹ȥ
ȻͳƷѹ˴ϵΡ
һ̺үϴ
Ϻ˵ҪһЩֻϣƷϲ
Ʒõ룬ȻҲ벻ô࣬˾͹һš
ǵ𽵹һҹ
ȥǬ幬֮ү
ϣϽôˣǸԴڿϵģǻϲġ
Ǭ幬ԵǲҪͨģֻүпգһ˵ʱ
үڽӼǣͲôĲˡ
ʱүΪղŷ飬ûأǬ幬үһˡ
ôˡ
үʱ򣬻Щ㵣Ҳֻһ˲ġ
̫ȥഫ˵ˣʵǼٵģʱȥҲΪ
˵ϺˣⲻѾˡ
ҲүĻѻԴʳУһԵİϡ
Ȼү棬ʳд򿪡
¶صĶΣգС£ôһأֱū͹ͳˡ
ү࣬ڵ죬һˡ
檿ɲū͡ǸūŹܲסԼģһСϻϵǿôĺã
ཫѾ˳漴תүЦ⡣
޿Ǹӷ˵ģ޵޾ͽǵĵڳúÿ
ү⻰˵һ㶼Ѫȣ֮жġ
Ȼʵġ
ô檾ͷˡ
೯үһƣʾүߡ
үҲݸһЦ漴ûϡǰ˫˫֣ãүתĶ档
үͬ˵ˣϢôôˣү𣿡
үոջЩЦ϶ʱģԴಢ⡣
ү˯š
ཫѾүķƣʵ˵Ѿ˵ǲ
С̫ഫ˵ү΢ǲŵġ
үͽӷտʼͱƷˣôںȾأ϶үǽĻӡ
˵ǸүѾʵ͵Ĳ
֪ˡ
үüǻ˳ӵĶݹһڣζĲѾүǷֵġ
ү֮󣬻Ŀһۣȴգգۡ
ү̾һǱԵˣû֪ûк
Ȼ֪үѵˡһһС߽Ҳڽӷϡ
ಢܻĽ³ˡ𣬾ġ
˵³ģ
үһɵĲ붪һԵϣ״óһɾӣ˫ֳиүүӹȥ֮󣬲˲ͣ˲ֶ֣ظꡣ
ţ
ͷ
Ʒģ
үüͷ಻ôɵġʱƷ飬Ҳ᲻֪޵Щıķ
ү֪棬ֻҪһ˲ıôһӶǷûǸ޹ġ
ЩҲףȴܽܡҲүֱӽ뷨û顣
ֻ첻һˣ¶ƷˣȻҪȡһ£ԼҵܵƴĹλô˵û˾ûء
ûȻΪƷ¶ġ
ֻԥһ˲䣬ͷӦ
Ļشүǳ
ǹǻȥϢɣˡ
үתͷڿ֪࣬˼Ųȥġ
໤̣ү˭ǽ˵ˡ
εķ˷ۣƣƣſڣүͱˡôŮ˱졣
үŸߡҽΪƷҲΪүġ
ô˵Сʮ죬Ǿ仰ǼٵģǧҪװ
˵Ϊүү޶ԣһۡ
ֻ̾Сˮȴ
ߵүǰ΢΢˫ıүƲȥֻܾôࡣ
үҲþ˵ֻ࣬ñƣ͡
үʱż˵

883ԼĹ

ү룬Ʒȵĸֻ֪˵ƷТ˳ϧԼĹλԼĸ
һ˵ġ
үͲһˣƷսƴ˵оھеǿǼߵġ
үʲôƷôЩʿôүأôأ
ǻ˵ү壬ȻΪһûʲôõϸˣй֮¡
ʾ֭һϹҲ֪Լ˵ûãϣүȥ
үཫҪ˵ĻҲֻǱһ̬ȣˣʲôòġ
Ʒʵǿɶı֮ҲˣȻôǰӣô˵Ҫúýѵһ١úóԡ
ǱһϹүȻ˵Ļͦеġ
үɼᶨģܱҡˡ
үرģ໹Ǵү˸׹үǽĻ˽ȥ
һϲȥðȥˣôֻҪٽôүɿڡ
˵ˣҲֻһʹ˵ϸˣûʲôôүȻҲ֪ǲıµģȫǸġ
˵үү۾ûգһ£˵ˣүôǲǾͱʾˣֻҪүĳϾܳɹˡ
뵽⣬۾һǻףү˵ǶǾġ
˷ô¾ͺðˡ
үҲ֪ģ˵ĵŮƷӣˣ϶ȻÿѻƷٳϲģôƷȻġ
ƷģôҾͲģҲģôҾͲġ
ҲĵĻͲϲԶҲԶĻ
Ͳã岻õĻ˵Ҿߵүǰ
˳Ƶģһûдֱ˵ôһ󴮣ǾҪʱȴүֱס죬ûࡣ
˵
үݺݵĵ࣬ٶ˵һ֣үҪƵġ
ŵæ˵ͷ֪Լ˵ʲôүȻ
үûطſࡣ⻵Ů˱軵ˣ˵ʲôߵǰģ˵Ļ
үǸأոҶ촭ˡ
Լؿڣ˵ĺúõأֱӾ졣һǷǳ֡
˵ô󴮻Щٱүôһˡ
ԹԹôأ
ߣ˵˵ȥ㲻ΪƷ𣿡
үһͬԼղŵ
ڱǻҲֻ˵һ˵ѡ
үǿǷǱѰģµľûӣ¶˵˵үܲ
ү𲻴Ӧ
⻰ÿڸˡүٹëӦôҲûˡ
ߣƷСӡ
үŤͷȥ֪࣬үǴӦˡﰵıȻһҮ
ϸæֺš
Ҿ֪үˡүܳŴƷǳСһʶ
ǽүĸ߸ߵġˣôҲͲˡ
ˣˣҲάүˡү֪ǵС˼
үǶô˽һˡǰˣǵ۶ү룬ܲµõ
ү֮ԴӦ಻ƷƽϡҪĻΪЩ
ˣ˭¶ඨȻǲܰĵġүϣһ쿪ģûûεࡣ
ɲϣһ찦̾ѻࡣ
˵ϸ˵ȡĿġүֵˡ
ǹάүأ˵滰
Цľ͸һҰջƵġһںԼүǰ
ԼүӡòãٲԼүҲˡ
Ǻǣѽүû취
࿪ġүĵҲġӻóסֻûָࡣ
ԴֻǺǺɵЦүֳŮƵĳ跨ܼˡ
˰ɣûȥϢ˰ɡ
үץС֣ίʵˣᳫ˯
˵ʲô˯ˣƤҲϢʵ仰үҲǸʲô˼ѡ
յʱѾˡǽ춼ȥһʱˡ໹Ǭ幬
ѽҵݾ
ҲѵĻ໹벻һԼݾ
ݾ
үҡҡͷ˼壬˯ˣܱƯ£ү׵ġ
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ˡһȥдɺ汾ȥ񸮡
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պӴ֮󣬺߶һ֧֧һֻ񣬻ɫë۾ȻǺɫС顣
ر󣬵ر鶯һֵġ
һŮӣȻϲЩСɿɰ
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ξٷ˵仰ʱЩš˵ϲ
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ϷƵģϾǰҲһˡǴδζûɹһκò׳ɹˣϽҪȥһ顣

890֪ǲ

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յ¿ǳΪ˵Ҫ£ĴˡҲˡ
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Īľǲš
κ϶֪κΪ˾үģθСӶﵽԼĿġ

891ľ

κ̴ǺãҲԲһס
ȻûҪȻŮοڹһŮأ
κ˵ŵͷƣס飬˶Ϊʵġ
һ˵ĽǶ룬һԾΪһȻǰͲøϽأ˭ڹūŰ
Ϊ֮ǰĻɣټϸղκĵһ仰㲻һ˵ĽǶκ˵Ļ
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⻰Ǹκľ棬ҲǸҸ档ǴӦκƴκΪĵһ˿˿Ρ
ϸκ񻤼ݣıְˣҲκԹԣΪݲµʱ򣬾Ӧ뵽ֺ
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˷֮ˡһԲϣΪһԲİԲʣһŴԲϣڲ֪Լ

892

κסıǹŮ䱸ķ䡣ӶѾǳˡ
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һĵˡӲǿڣǿԺ󡣻ԺסԪأЩκ֮˵ء
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κüϱ߶иԪڣڻܰʲôæ
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΢΢һЦͷ϶׼ԼһˮĲȴƮƮġ
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һʱ֮ڲܸκһ⡣
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κ˵Щʱ˰ҪǲܵģѾˡʲôã
һҪôڻʹҪôʹŮˡκӱȽƫӡ
ҪԪ취Ҹϳ֮ǰҳΪϵ
ţһᾡġ
ڽκ¶ΪЩԲŹġ
ĴԣؾǿΪɡ
Щڿûе档ԪǸʲôݣôȥвһŮأ˵ˣ֮ʲôŮûУ
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κǺһЦԪԼģôܲһأ
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κҲףֱӽԭ⵹æһҲ
κ֪ǣѹûЩԷ
Ĵ඼οֻǸһƶʵѡ
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˵ԪԲ԰ʱһȾǸʱֵ÷зġ
ڽԼһһʮ˵κ
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Ȼǣ˵취²Ҫ㳶Ϲϵ
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Ҫ׷ףҲ
ţǺãЩϢɣʲôϢһ֪ͨġҼ档
֮󣬾ȥһЩԼšΪҪκĻôǾͲܳ棬ʡɡ
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κ˵ͷ
ڷС濣Ҳ߶
ͻȻС֨һתȥյķš
ȴŴ߶˴ˡԼС
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Ŵֻ֮ǱκƳģһĺ⣬κίͰ͵ģ
Ҳٺ⣬Һ͸Ψһֵĵط붼ҡΪʲôҪôԴң
κһĨᣬһֲͣڣﻹһֱ˵
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һ·ĹŮǸͷ˽һĻκڣʹüۣЦ⡣
ȻԶԪûãֻҪƻԼǶԸһԣҲпʹ϶Ԫ˲֪ĸҲ˵ء
Ȼô˵ˣҲûа취ͬҶǺ⡣㻹Ǻúɣ
˵֮󣬱ʧĴС뿪ˡκǷߺ޵ʹ˷š
Ϊʾķ
˵ҲǵġǲǻҪκΪôżĽ˸ϳȥ
κſ߹ŮǸŮ˵
˭˵أҲûǰĸŮκѾǿˣ˼ڹʵԼĸ硣
ԲŮ˱죬Ǽ֮顣
Ů˾ӣԲѾ˵ᡣλϣ;Ļĺܡ
˵ˣԽŮԽܵõͬ顣κһȽϣȻκ
ԴֵĶͱࡣǲҹ˵ֻһţһѵ˽
ǻǱ˵ˣм䵽ǸʲôҲ֪ҹǿǹɲЩ͵ȵūſ۵ġ
ұߵĸ߸ӹŮüͷǲ֮顣
Ҫǡúһ治ԡ
СԲˡǸõģôڶ̶̼ʹһλ˹λϣ˵񸮵Ѿʹļء
ԲŮм˵
˵ˣ֮ǰġӦˣɣԼڶΪűϴġ
ԲŮ˵˱ԣң˵Ҳ޼ɵġ
ΪֹŮ񸮹˸ͽӴĹˣԷĻҲ١ҲˣӾʹ

893ò͸

˵Ķԣ⼸λˡ乬ﻹλءɶйϵ
мİŮͬ߹ŮĻ˵֮䡣
ˣҲûйϵ
СԲƲ죬ΪŮֵַ¶ͳɣǵлǻЩ
ˣСԲǲ˵ˡ
ŮСԲɫеã˸æ˵
ҲСԲ˵ģֻǹŮֵַ¶ͳɣ֮飬˵ٿ
ŮôӼɽ뿪ˡŮ뿪֮ŴӼɽ߶˳
Ҳֻ׼뿪񸮵ʱǡŮ۴£ˣĵĶ˼ɽ뿴Ůô¡
ûܸԪ˺ô˵ԪĵҲˬġ

СüͷŮȥķתͷԼСЦǱС
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ҲںСĪЩ졣Ҳû˵ʲôھ뿪ˡ
ڰʱ򣬹˵Ķ֪¶Щԣүô֪ܲأ
Ե֮ʱüͷ漴ϵɰʶ
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ҲæүĽŲ򰵰ڴĦ
Īˣ⵽أҥԵأ
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Ҳ֪ĸԴڿϵġȻҷųҥԡǾԼ̫˲ǣ
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үȥͬʱϦҲ¸ࡣ
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κҪ͡ǹֲ͵Ļᡣ
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ĶŹ֡
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ȺͲҪūˡ˽ȥĲ¶ûͲ
һֵ֣֣һһҵѹκ
κС첲СȶôеùأôǱ˸ȥ˹

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ȥŵκҲʵΡôô˵ˣˢЩͰô㲻߳
κŷȫãһֻȭ޻ϣû
Ҫ߳ȥһϿߵκֻŶһͰ
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κﲻ֪ԼΪʲôǹﱨ
ʱŹͰжʹκжôࡣκһү
ΪԾΪ˾Ȼϲġ
Ի֪ĴȻӲġ
ǼϾͱˢЩͰˢЩͰԽࡣԽǺ࣬ԽϣԴ˾ôѭȥ
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ųһ˲䡣κʲô뷨ûУΨһ뷨ȥү
ϴҲûϴֳѡĵ˹ȥ
һ·˲ˣÿڿκϺɫӡǣԼζ֮ʱԶԶġ
κ㿴ˣҲȫûֻЩеϡ
ڷߺ֮Уκĵ
ܲ˵ֱӳĵĵų˹ȥȴۼ
ֻǼһ۵Ů˳˹ûп˭ΪǸŮϻңûֻǵǰ
ⲻ֪һһǰۣģǻ׷Ŀ
ôģˣĵ뽫Լϴˢĸɸɾġ
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κίʱû
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κû˼ȥĵ߶Ρ
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үڼκʱȴȻŭΪκʵ̫ˣܵǰصĻҲҪȱеġ
ˡ
ͬʱһκ񣬶һԸκ
κүôһ𣬶ʱŵˣڵϡ
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үüôͬáκǸ˲ţκȴʵѵǴ֮á
Ůǡ
κ˵ĵͷԭϼǵ
ˣȻˣô͸Ͻʰؿɡ
ү͵İ˰֡ŮŹûͬ˵ϼ仰ءͱŮ˴ˡ
ϣҪϳŮŮ˼ĽˡܹڻңֻԶԶĿһ۱㡣
κ֪˶ٵģϲŮ˵ϲԼģԼĻᡣ

֪ǣүͲϲ˵ϲԼȻ⣬үǰͲ˵ء
ֻЩӱŮүֻöģûĸо
һδŮӣ콫ϲӹϣɺͳʵ踾¶֡޿⿤ҲصˣԽ𣬸ϳȥ̤Ͼǰ벽
үŭˣκʵڲ֪ôˣȻʱ˵ʲôϲû۾ﶼð
ү»쳤ХүϽһûûƤļһɣ⵽ֻ۾ðǿϷòá

κɵˣôԼԤĲһأϲӦÿԼôϲı
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ݺݵԼߵС̫һţЩûĶûѾŭ𣬻˴ߡ
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ǸæǰҪκ񡣲κйԾС̫Ҳֻ·ϸɾĵطҲ͵ˣκ׾ˡ

895үĵ׵

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κһֱŶһһֱӣӼһͷֱֶĲӡ
ڸղţκС̫֮󣬸պñŶִС̫ȥΪǾһߣҪȥҪôӴ֮дȥҪôȥ󣬴Ӳٽȥ
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˴׼ߣǰ棬ں棬űκٳˡ
һĻŵվһ˫۾κֻ档
κҪϽ尢硣
үȻһģϻ侲ġ
κҪʲôԴӦ㣬˶С
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𶯣֡
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ӱôһʹʹ˶н˲ŻĿ
ۡ
һ߿ޣһŤӣҪӿκЮơ
Ť֮Уһô˹ȥ

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ովүӵʱүѾһֱϸСëʡ
ȻκԻʱүѰҺʵĽǶȡ
Ҫˣүˣеľ䣬үȻٮٮߡ
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ϣ𣿵͸ǻϾµģϴӦ񳤴󣬾һϵġѵ𣿡
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үŭˣһֱκϡû˿ô˵ࡣ
ô߳ŭˣΪΪʲôҵĸ카Ҹ硣ҸŻȡ
κҲ֪κΪζġҲ֪ʱǸʲô龰ԲԼҸ絽Ϊ˾ȻϣΪ˾ȹ
Ҫһ㡣ԪˮͲţôһ˵ϻܣûκĵģԪ
κ֪ôһ˵ǵүŭ
Ϊ˿үȴˡκʵȵѡ
ү˵Ҳᣬ롣ԼŮҪñ˱үôܡ
κ£ڴүۡ
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үǱࡣ֮飬ҲֻκЩܿ

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˽һΪšճ׵ڳڶʮš

897ʹ򸣽

ڶʮ֮ǰ층ҲܾþӾ̫ʱ䡣Ծ֮󣬸뿪ˡ
뿪֮ǰһˣ˵ʺأҪһ
ȴүˣү϶øġ
ΪĻʺүΪκ˶Բøʺġ
ʱ䣬ү֮ûдûʺһΪ㻹ھǣΪĲ
ǻʺ֮ǰްˣôĲͱƳ١
ɥڼǲϲµģҲġ
үΪĻʹٺúô˻ʺ
ɲŻʺԺں͸㹴һıϾʺɻһأ
ѾðһˣȻԸһΣֻҪлᡣ
Զʮһ죬˳˳ĳΪүΨһһʹ
ʹ죬󹬶üȻʺҲˡ
٣߶ʲô¶ô㳳֣
ʺһ԰׵ڴϡ˫հݣۿ±Ũصٺڡ
ԪʹĲ񡣡
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⼸Ϊһֱѹֵ˼ǹȣûʺѾһ·
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ŻʺıңǲǻŵġǻʺǰҪźشҲͬһ³
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ЩҩǴٻ˲ٵӣͨ˿̫ࡣȻ֮УǹЩȴûбߡ
Դٲ̫ͨ࣬Щ̫ȻҸ̫ҽֻŴٵ֢״Ȼȥ̫ҽԺҩ
Щ̫ҩȻǵõҲֻЩ̫ҽ֮ûõġ
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Ȱ˵Żʺ󡣻ʺΪѻŵµġôȥҩҲõġԼܵԼ˭Ҳû취
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ʺһڽĺɫҩ£ݸ١ԴٵЩ˵֮ʱʺֻЦЦΪ֪ԼǲġôҲŹġ
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˻ʺ޵֮վĴԺǰķѾûˡ
ʱ͸©µҲȫһЩ
ֻдһūţȻźʺ֮⣬ܷɨֻܱʺ޵֮иɾѾǷǳˡ

ǰһĻ̾һ֪պαصأ
ûкҩҪȻƻʺ϶ỹôˡ
Ǵٲ֪ǣѾʺһλᣬֻ֪Լϧѡ
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˵˵˵ʲôԼûг谮Ҫ˵ʹｫǵĳ谮ȥ⻰˵ôڻǰ˵
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˱ôһͨ˵Լ˵ҲǴ˵ҲǴȴ˵Լûд
طݵλͣôľֻ㣬ûɡ
ߣ˵ŲҲҵġ¿ɲô룬ұµĲЩɸôƱˡ
ɿɲֳͷֵˣ˵һǵˡΪԼΪʲôҪŹķǵء
ɣЪȿڲ裬⻨ǰû͵أǽпڸˣɡ
಻òڴϾɣΪԼҪǲϵĻĺӾҪھɵĿ·ҷ֮жȹ
Ȼಢûоþ˵ﲻԡô˵ȥ˵ڲɡ
಻ɵĴϾɵĻ
谮谮ģǶǻ˵㡣ۺ챾λݣô羲˵ȥһۡ
˶ϵĲ豭Ų˵˵ĻЩﲻѿ֧־ɵġ

898󹬾һ

˲룬ɵһǻʹָʹģҲ˵أǻ˵ʲô
ѵǻȥһۣȥ˵ʱ򣬻Ǹڹ˵ġǳʱ򣬹ƾ͵乬ȹˡ
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ŵ˴󲿷ֶǴˣȻܴĻ߶һЩ˼
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λҲױ˼ˡ⻨Ҷ󹬡Ʒˣ˵Ҳס
˵ĪҪƷϲϲҶֻΪƷ˲ϲ̫ɬĲˮѣûɡ
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˵ɵ΢΢Ц⣬Ϊô˵û뷨
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дӦȻ֮ǰǲΪʲô϶谮ɣô˵ʱײ٣˲ŻǻȻı顣
˵ĲмһˣȻ໰˼ȴô룬ǿɬĲˮ
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Ȼ˵ɺҲͬλûиһ磬Ա˵ɸʤһ
ɿǰΣȻرƯÿ˵ģ治ȱЩ
ΪʱʱĻʹɺ;һЩϡǿֻõĳԵĶܸλˡ
ǰЩΣûۣǰǹʹ͸λģֲܲѡһ
Ҳûжൢʱ䣬ֱӴ߶һ
״æ˹ȥպá
檶лʹʹ͡
ȻʹʹͣôɶҪлġ
Űɡ
ڰ֣漴ʾϦ
ڶȻɣΪȾλʱ䳤Ϊֶ̫Ů
ڶȻɣһûʲôоΪֶ̫Ůٵβɣ
ͬģɲò߶һ
һֻķȽͨβһЩëһȦʯɵġ
лʹʹ͡
ޱվл
ɣ
Ҳޱ¡֪ԼǲǺ಻ϣôÿμһޱ飬Ҫ䵭
˵ԼɣҲûʹıݺԼǲԼɣ˾͸ǷɼƵģǳĲ
ÿʱҲعȥ
ˣˡ
еżȻвٵΣԴЩΰرĸȤ
಻£ԸϿţҲˡ
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Ϧ΢΢һЦߵ˾ɵǰ
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һֻ󿴿顣һ˫۾ϦϵĿš
󡣳˱֮ǰ̶߶
ѡΪҪʯģģġ
һĻ࣬ʵôоԼ˾һбҪô۲߶
ǵԼûٸһЩʽӱּ򵥴󷽵ΣôЩζ
һ컻һʮҲġѵͷۣԲŲ
檶лʹʹ͡
ֱӴԼϡŸл
ţɣϲͺá
Լ仰û˵ˡ
֮ϦֶӰλһһ˹ȥ
Ҳܿóһ㣬ôλԽԽûѡȨ
ΪõĶѾѡˣµҪôǲÿҪô˼Ҳϲġ
˭λֵأ˼һʹܸʹͶˡ
ȻµĶ˼ҲϲÿġǶЩûܳ˵ҲǼõġ
лʹʹ͡һǰشӦֵʱֻʣһ觶׹ˡ
Ҳ֮ǰ˵ģ觶׹ɣɣﲢʲôȴڰشӦκǿǶһ޶ĺöˡ
ţɣ첻ˣǶȥɣ汾һȥ̫밲
ôʱ䣬Ҳˡ
ͿʼױŷļҪȥܲ⣬ǹ
ⶼȥˣ밲źŶûأֶ
ȲҪЩˣúõĳһٷȻٺúõ˯һ
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Ļվ΢΢ϥ֮˳
ҲЩ̵֮ʱ̱ϡ
ϦϵĶһļһڵഷѾû֪˫ȡ
۲˰ɣ
ϦЦ˵Ȼ۲ˣ϶Ǹ˵ġΪʹţ
Դ忪ôϻʹλãֻȼˡ
ﶨȻǿĵġ
Ǻǡ˵۲ۡ
Цûˡֻ졣
붼߽أټͷñӣҲء
Ľӣʯɶģϵġ
һ˾ʮŮ˿һʮñӣ˰ʹ
ǹǿͷġܲĲӶѹˣҪǰԼӣͽñӸ
ˣˣϿҽȥ·ٽñӸѵʵصĲˡ
һиֵûС
ǰȻ˵·ʲôģҪ˲ţǴ֡
ľǷˡΪཫ˵Ϧϡ
ɲһۣҪһܡҲһ»ʹĿࡣ
ϣôôذ
ϦΪͺǰôһ˭֪û뵽ཫһѹϡ
Ϧû׼ãֱӱѹˡȴûеȥΪһ߶ķࡣ
ߣ֪ж˰ɣǲ֪·ʮءͲӲ㶼Ҫඡ
һֱţһֻ
Ůһ֮󣬾ٺãҲһ㲡ġ

899첲

ⲡƽʱҲûʲôⲻر۵ʱͻ֡ǾŮ˳Ĳ֢ʹ
Ϊʮ¶ûʲôػۻԴ֪Լʹëɶˡ
ӸϽݣūٸ̹һЩ
ϦӵվҲŰȥ觹Ѿȥŷ·ˡ
һʱʱϦúʡһۡ
ѵʮص֮˫ͷ˫ȵֱһرŵ
ˣﻹܵŲŵġ˵Ÿ˭
ӣãūŸɣ
ϦһֹģʵûмļǼôţôġ
⻹ϦԼԺдѡһȽϺ˵
ʲôõģˣ
Ϧ˵ĲãֱӲмһˡչչѪҺͨлƣ͡
ֻЩûͬϦͣΪԼˣϦҲ
˵͵ˣΪչ࣬ʲô࣬ûмЩҲֻëëֵ꣬һᡣ
Ϧǰź࣬ǲȵġ
ԻûмôŮΪ
ǡϿˣô죡
ϦôģϽ硣
ϦſڣͲͷĴˡ
ϦΣˣ㶼û֪ôţҲûйϵ
ū
ϦͨˣСܵһ˫Сصʹļ
౾ˣϦôĵġûãͿڴϻ˯ˡ
ʱҲʹʱ򣬲˯ɣʵ̫ˡ۾ˣ˯ɣſɶûгء
ǼҲɲ˯⣬ʱֱӹ˵Ϧһ˻һ˫һ˱˴һ˫Զ˱Ӹϡ
һĻĻϦΪ̣۾û
ҲҺøղཫͷ⿪ˣҪȻͷ£Ƕ಻
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Ҳǽⷦˡ˻ûѾ๾ˣ˯ʶˡ
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ͷ˳Ҳֻ֪ͷжôѴ
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ţ˽ɣҶҪˡ
͵ͷøԼһͷţȥ
״ЦЦת˷䡣һϦɺ˽
ÿ϶ӡǽЩӷǰİϡ
Ϊ߶һС֤Щµģǻõġ
ԣȻڸвôˡǶڶ˵˵⡣
Ҳ޵ģӲ˾ѾŲˡҲֻʳ֮һѡ
Ͼǲ񣬿ɲ̫ˡŷǸ׼˺ܶĲƷ
ˣЩɣľ͸ūŰɡ
ජԼǰļˣϲԵġ
ŷ˲ٲƷء
ɺüͷӵĴϲӡȻҪԺõ㡣
ûϵҽˡҲӦһˡ
νİڰ֣һ˳ԶѣȻܳһͷţһͷţҲԲ°ֻǿŵ˵ѡ
ūźš
ǰһ׼಼ţȴֱ
ﲻҪźҲȥŰɡ
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ΪԼĹϵǽ쵽ҲûʲôΪʹйأû֮ǰūǲԳԶġ
ǾȥŰɣūźӡ
Ϧǰվֱ߶ܲūȫȥˣһ
ⲻϹء
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ⲻϹء
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Щ׼֮Ŀֱӷˣмһֱ档
ֻװһһļ⻹
ҲÿӼУְֱֻڼϡһֻץһȶһְֻסӡֹԼʹμȵʱֻ˳ȥ
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ϦɼˣֻҪһ࣬ǻʹرġ
ЩСǻҲˡ
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͵۾Ϧ𸻲ʺҪˡ
֪΢̫ˣ󹬵κ˽ӽ
ҡҡͷȻźһЩȻ֪ʺڲô⡣
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Ļ಻üͷʱ̫ˣͽʺˡ
үҲûйʺ£Զڻʺൽǲˡ
ūдżһС̫˼ҩҴææĽ
껰һתǻ֮ǰҪȥ԰ʱΪ¿ȥȡʱǡɼġ
ҩ
ૣȻ֪Ǹʲô֪߶ֻˣһʺ󣬻һ̻ʺĹŮ
꿴˸ҩôҪǻʺˣҪôǹŮˡ
໹Ǿûʺ˵ļʴһЩǹŮ˵ĻôûźʺˡүͻĹŮˡ
ֻлʺˣɹŮźš
ʺǲˡһıĻʺǲˡҲҽΡ
ҡҡͷǲףʺοأúõĺλųĺĲ𣿷Ҫ˼ıºԼ˰ɡ
˭˵أ³˻̫֮⣬ڻʺˡ
Ϧϧҡҡͷ治֪ʺôġ

900˵ô

ʺʵ̫ɵˡ룬İǸӣôܳΪϣǻϵλĸã
ҲΣūţЩҲֻԼǰ˵˵
ڻʺҪôҲܹġ
ˣ˵ˣڰǰˣҲ֪ξٷô
ϽֹǼۻʺЩ£ʺ˴үûּϺôʺһǻʺǻǲҪǻĺá
ӿҪˡūſ˵ˡξٽԴո񣬿ɲȻ϶ԴӲء
һֱĬɺ˵Ȼˣɺȴλá
﹬Щ¶ɺϡ
ɺҲ֪ԼݱȲû¶ʱҲǰա
Ű£ܿʲôʱĹϣɲǲһſǸʲôӣ
˰ӴʱԽܿǸʲôˡ
ЩΪ⣬Ȼԡطӡ󲻴֪ԡط㲻ҪǸˡ
һЩĦֻϣξٷԶա
ô룬ʵǶˡ˼罺ᣬͲҪġ
ڼᣬҲԽԽˡ
ŵϡĵүѾ뿪ˡ
ȻеĲɡﶼӰ
Ҳ֪ڸʲôأϢںЩū죬ڶܲ
֮ܶԶ֮үûа취ۣԽĶֱϣתķȥ
߶Ȼǿһϡڸү֮ǰԸ̫ʰûϵ
ʡ֮󿴵⸱ģ¶
үʱŵѡ
˵ʲôأĵôĵġ
үû߽ȥأ޵߶Ц
ЦүĪҲоġ
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ү򰲡
װģվϥȻҲүڱ˻ȥ
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үҲ⡣ֱǶվ
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ɼǵүʱ춼Ѿˡ
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ӣүȻҪĹ
үò˵ԼҪˣβͷ̵ȥɡ
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۾´үϺ˵Ѷ졣
УʲôˣүⲻүˡĹ
үɲôϣһ
ðɣǾү˰ɡ
˫һ̯ƤƤ£ҪƱ磿Լ˾ˡ˭ô

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ү˵ԼҲֻǺٺһЦǺĻôĶ³ɣţͶأ
үôһ¶
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ʲô£
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ү֮Ǳ½ϣô
үҲֻʱľѡΪǻˡȥԲ԰֮⣬ҲûȥľΧҲûȥ
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½ϣ
еٵģȥʲôģˮˮоǸ԰֡
඼ᷳˡȻһûȥϣһͳϷЩЩȤ
ûүţ㳤ô󣬶ȻûȥϵģպүҲüûȥˣ֮ȥ档
ү֪ΪֹһֱھȥһľΧ֮⡣ûٳˡ
ҪĿľǴͺ½ϺúȻ˳Ĳ齭֯졣
Ǻǣſ϶ġ
ЦеǿԸ߶Ըߡ
ôѵȥ
үǿЦݡʱе֡ܳȥ棬ôƵġ
Уҿǳܳģôܲأ
æذ˰֡ˣܳȥѾˣȥĲһ
Ȼˣؽʱū׼š½Ҳúü²Ż
үͷ֮ѡڹ½ϣΪǸʱǴ졣κεطĴ춼ȲϵĴⰻȻ
ţүģͷҾʰš
ӣѾʮһ¶ʮţһ¾Ҫˡ
Ķûǰ䡣Ȼ̼ûأľ͸ˡ
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үôһûһšСͱүˡ͵ȥˣȻǻ̫Ĵ
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ֻүе޴
Ϊʵ̫ˡүҲôֱ㶵Ŀࡣ
үҪ;ްɣ
һָͷָָԼĴ˼ԣҪ㲻ɵʲôĻôǾȥ˯
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⵽ƣүӦֱ˹Ȼһϴôվ籾أ
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үЬڴˡȴɣɵ㶵վԭء
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ˡ
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үûǸ˼ɣﵽĺܡүǸ˼ʱɣѡ
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һϴͱү§˻ŵʱٶˡ
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ٶȥ
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үôˣ
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Ҫǽү㴩ôصѣȻۻˣĻ˵ķݡ
үһĶͷպþүıǿ·ЩȻĶͷϡ
үûϹڸոͬ˵Ĺ򣬿ɲֹһμӺ
Щ·ñ̫ѹġүҪɶģΪܹ̹һ㡣һֱš
үá
үô˵ʱ˫ү֫Դүؿڴ
˵ҶҶ
ë׵Դүؿڻȥүġ
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ӣڴϣ쵽ô£үһߣˡ
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ţϣҪӾʵ䣬ôūű˽¯ϡ
ʱѾ׼ˣֻ࿪ˡ
ý
޲ãԼԴȥ
ϾͻǶأⶼʮ·ˡɲ䡣
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ʱоůͲ١
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׼ûãѾһˡ
һɣһǴӦ
ִȻҪĹڴӦѾϰһž͹ˡ

901ѩе

ӣɺʹӦˡ
ŸճԽɺ͹
ĵ硣ǽɡ
Сӣڳݲ˵š䣬ܲ˼վ洵ɣ
ǡ
ɺ˵ͷ˳ȥ
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ɲҪֱӳȥȥӴǡλݸȻҪѹġ˶֮󣬲Żȥġ
Ӻȵɣ
ԵĲˣæһ߶С¯棬ʢһСࡣ
Ϊ轵ˮˮʳ涼һС¯ӡΪǳԵʱ򣬻ȵġ
࣬Ҳܾ˴š
ô죬һڵ࣬ǿθ
Ҳ֪ġһӾˡ
֮ԼֱߵӲ˲ǡ
һʳˡ
˭˵أ컹յģ߶ವġ
ࡣҲǱԹЩūŵģȻϲ죬ϲ졣

ڹżʱ΢΢һֲ࣬һҿǰȹڡ
ŶѩҲˡ
ô˵໹⳯ŴһۡȻûдܿգ˸оرѹ֡
ѩҲˡ궼ʮһµʱ򡣾ƮСѩ
ż֮żֱӣ೯޵Ǳ߶ߡ
ɲȥʱһŶͶûܿ߶ѩ굽ǿԺúõĿˡ
Ȼ䣬ֵرϲѩţǽѩĻҪſڶһرѩˡ
˭ҲȣɻǵԼүԺʱ򡣵һѩԼںԺ˼Сѩˣ񶼸˸ϡáҪһġ
ȥʱȻܴ翴ѩǽ겻һˡѾʵˡʱǹһ档
Ц˵ֻϣʱӲҪһӣҪû档
ȥϢȲ裬ǰ˲ٵˡ
ȻѾʹˣǵһΡǸʹ밲֮󣬻Ҫȥ̫Ĵ밲ţûһ˸Ұڼӡ
ӣǶˡ
𻨲׼һڵʱϦҴææ˽
㣬ֲܣ⼱Ҵҵġ
ЦϦʱҲˡôЩ΢һĳϣеæҵġ
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ϦŻἤҲֻлʺʸúȥĹ밲ǼҲʸˣܲ
ûϢ
ǹһ˿Ц⣬ûİϦһۡ
ҪȥҲҽⱭˮˡ
ൽǲżʱ仹磬ȥ̫밲ʱټҲûлͬЩŮ˵Իȥһ㣬ʡЩĶ졣
˵ɲûû˳谮ŮˣҪǵڲԼ飬ôֻܳΪ֮еһԹ
ԴԹôľǲᡣ
˵ĶԣҪһ֪˭˵㡣
Ϧ͵ͷΪһЩǡ
ѽ
Ϧ˵ֻεĵ˵ͷɡ֤ڲȥҲв˻ô롣Ҳν
ǰҲȷʵǰ㡣
Ǹ˳ۣǸ˳ۡǶɺɡ
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ڽѵƯˡ
´˽һȦд˲뼵ʡ
ȻλڹˣҲӦΪ磬Թ˿
һûлϵĳ谮λҲߣȻֺöܲ
лޡӻǼͽģһЩĶϲĻҲüЩ
޵ĿһۡݸһЦ
ŶˣӰɣ
ڱһֱŻأһǱ˼꣬˭ĲңҪģôҲˡ
֪ǻʺǰūţʹЩֶβ˻ϵ˻и硣
һūżʲôǮƣ϶϶ǿ˽ӼأҪǺõģôܸͶأ
㡭
˶ʱ޵ľԼЩûõˡһЩûõˡ
ѽʹ
վӯӯһݣ
ϣأ
һͿ˵Ҳ֪šˣǿ˲ûֵô
ʹＪ顣

ɡ
̧֮ʾǶ
лʹ
˵л֮վԼԭλ
ɫҲˡ濴žҪˡǻȥ̫밲ɡ
ɲЩëƤ¶ҸĽڣϽ뿪Լ
˵ǣ쿴ҪѩˣȥˣʡλһҪðŷѩˡ
΢΢һЦ˼Ҳ˸һһҲˣû¶졣
򻹲ȥ弸ء
Ǿ߰ɣ
վһ㶼˵Ļᡣ
״Ҫ˵߰ͽˣֻڨڨı죬
ϽǣҲ鹬ǰ档
˳֮תֱߵϣڴ˹ֱûþ͵˴ſڡ
⻹û߽أϱƮѩ
ѩˡ
ֽӹһƬǰѩѩûͣѾڻˡΪһСˮ顣

ѣѩˣվѩҲǸ¶ȥ̫밲ɡ
߰ɡ
ͷһۣŽȥض̧Ž˴
檣̫밲򸣽𰲡
ǰ棬վŵ˵λǲ밲ģǽе⣬Ϊʹĵһӣ󹬵ĴСȫ̫밲
ɣ
̫ӻ֣ʾ˶
ȻΪˣôȻǵһġ
ֱ̫֮֡ɺԶ
ںǾɺɡСˣֻվŵķݶ
̫ɫöˡ
ɫ̫Ц˵ġ
ǰ̫ӡ׽ɽˣ̫Щ˳ۡӾˣֱһͰ̫̫
ɲϲ¶̫࣬Ȼ彡
̫û˵һֱ̫߶ķƹùý͵ġ
Ҷ֪̫߶ķԾǷ˵ôҲ̫˼
̫ãЩǵĸ
Ȼֱǣȴһر˵ˣͶ̫Ц⡣
ǽʱ˲ٵѩ߶ѩɡ
̫ˣĲ۲ʺı̫֮Ҳࡣ
ľ̫١ҪŸʵۺ󹬵¶λ˭ôҲ¶ˡ
ť»Ѿˡť»Ҫټٲʢȥ
ôͲҪŸʵۺŮ˵뷨һʵİ¶ǲлʢȥ
̫öԲıˣǰ빬֮һ·ʺλá
˻ʺʹǾı̫֮֮ˡ
ǻʵ۵ģҲӵģ󹬸ӵģģܸ档
ǵģ̫衣һ᳼檾Ժһߡ
⻹ֻǳѩ̫䣬ȹЩˣ̫Ͳȥˡ
˴֮һֱɲһ˿˿Ц⡣
ҶϹͷˣͲѧЩѩˡ
̫ЦŰڰ֡ˣûǸ˼ˡ
̫˵Ļ檿Ľأ
ɱ죬ǳĲ̫¶ɲڡ
ť»ϣףɲѡͿ϶ҪѡġѡˡôҲᰲ޸һŵԵļ塣
֮۰̫衣
𡣡
̫ɶúǺֱЦ״Ȼ̫ţүҲĲˡ
˵û̫һ㶼ϡ
ǽİǣɲһ仰˵
ǣһˡ
Īë˳Ƶġ˵˾仰бҪüԵ
ڴ಻̫󲻿ģֻñ첻˵ˡ

902Ҫ

Ȼʹˣôһʹ尢磬ȥɣҪϲˣʱʡ尢˷纮
̫Ȼ߶ܲܲúӻصԼҶ߰ɣ˵ɻһѺİأ
ǣһǻṬ
˵ͷˣүĸ͵˴
Сƻڴء
ǽ͵ɣ߶ѩģȥЪŰɡ
̫ϲ徲Գһʮ֮Ĵ
檣ˡ
Ż̫΢΢һݡ򻺻˳˴ɡ
ڸ߳ʱҲŶˡպĸһ
ڻȥʱҲֻоչ˺½Ӧ˳·ֻص˹ţ˹ָظ
ȥ֮ջҪ߶ѩء˵ʲôҲΪ߶˴ѩһ硣
ѩϱġһˡ´Ҳȥˣڻ¯ϺϦ
˳ѩ֮ͣʰʰ׼֮½ϡ
ѩȻһʱûͣ˼
ôһ£϶˰£ʮѮʱ򣬹߶һϲ¡
Ǿϲˣɸ˻ࡣ˵彡ôܻУ
ųһ£˼Ҿͻˡ˵̥һأҪΪ̫ˣ˷纮ξٷ˴ȥտҪȻ֪أ
봫սŻϣΪǸȾ˷纮ͷ
ǵȹ֮ůһ㣬սɣ
ӣ˵˵Ҳ˹ˡո޸ʱ򣬽һڶӶû
ż޸ξٽһ¡ͻˡ֡
Ϧ˵֣Ǹ˵ġǾ֤Ǽոӵġ
Ϧ˵ĶԣūſţǹûиеӣҲҿոڹûϺӣҪȻôξٽôõˡ
긽ͣҪǵʱոڹ˺ӵĻôǸʱɾˡ
ûܺ룬ոҪʯǸ̫ŵĿࡣҪĿһӡ
Դ²յʱûлϺӣ˺Ҳǳҡ
ǸøĿˡոˣξٷˡ
Ц˵ǰûǸĿڣΪպξٷһȥξٷǵڶ̩¡
ʱɿպξٷ룬ҵĸ񣬿ǲҪˡԺξٷˡ಻òǸĿڡ
ûūԡ
Ц˵ǸøĿˡܲһֱոոɣϾոѾ޸ξٽΪξٷˡ
ˣ¶ҲˡϾҪŹˡﶼ׼ôˣ
ʮҪˡ꿴үӣҪúùһ꣬úȥȥĻ
¶ﶼѾ׼׵ˡ󹬸͵ĶѾ׼ȥˡҲŹõĶ
ͷȥʱĵѾˡҸѾʼɨҲ׼
Ǿͺã
ͷЩ¶ҲֻʡҪġ
Ǳƽƽ꣬ȴʮ¶
ʮ죬ʹϲΪүЩͷ˱ʣҲ൱ڷŽڼ١
Ǻһ𴲵ġǱֵıˡ
ү𣿡
ѵ۾˳߶Ǻɵġ
ǽʮү¶ɲ١ҪһЩ£ҪŻҪȥ档
໹Ҫλȥ̫밲
Ȼʱõšڵϵʱһҹ
ţүˣ컹磬Ҫ˯һ
ү˺þƵġһ㶼ûиʱɳƵ
ȷʵˣκӡžͲ֣Ծڱһ
Ŷɣ
ֶرүĻһ۾ּ˯˹ȥ
ү״ҪСƨɣǵ˸ǰ᲻֡
ֻúݺݵصĺһۡ
Сûĵġ
Ȼûģү˴֮ñӽʵʵġһ˿͸¶ȥ
ùﲻҪڷű񳳵ࡣҪҲõ֮ٷš
˯һĻһʱѾȥ̫밲ʱˡ
ԣּױҲԣһŴȥ
ڼͺһģһûʲô仯ġֱ׼ȥ̩һҹʱ
ĸӴߣүֱӴĵȥ
ʱ乬ҲˣʺȷʵˡүҲ֪ģүǰ㣬ûиʺ̫ҽΡ
Խҹעʺˡ
ൽ˵ʱ򣬳̫үû֮⡣ȫѾ߶ˡ
Ǽ˽ȥվӡ
ʹＪ顣
׺;顣
󰢸磬尢磬缪顣
Ϊɣ˷ŵġĵλҪԼҸ͵ܸܵࡣ
ȻҲڸܵǰ档
ɣ
ź֮󣬲¡
ǰϯλڻʺ·񣬻ʺˡȻʺλϣүߡ
ֻεʱԵģʺ󱾸õλõ·ôһ㡣
̫ڵүһ߶̩±ҲһЩҵүԼร߶Ǻ󹬵Щǡ
ǶֺɫĳͳڣҲǳ
ʵǵĳһͬǵĳڡλݸߵĹӶһ㡣
ԴϾ͵һ˶ӣ±һȦȦСӡ
ڼܹһ㡣ûôصġ໹ܹܵġ
ɣŽҲıȽ¡أСɧһ㽫ԼĹӷ˸׳졣ҪһԼϲġ
Ǿһ·Ļ࣬ԼûѴ
Ҳ޲ýӸŮȥҪšΪɣŵ¹
ûˣĸʮСôġôһտء
ү³⣬ɣżǶһƺ˹֡
ҪҲƫ̻ͱˡ鷿š
Ǿô˼˸ɣź޵û˸˵û˸Ҷ֡ûټ
Ǻ¶ȻȥǱɣŸ״ôܻǺ¶أ
Ըɣ鷿Ů߶ŮؾصĹЩ಻ǲֻ֪ǲԸ˵ѡ
ôһŮȻҪţүҲôһŮȻҲҪţһôһȻҪš
Щ߰¶ʱߴ̫ĳ
ϼݵ̫ݵ
վҲ⡣
ϾҪϡɲ
򸣽𰲡̫򸣽𰲡
˵үûᣬֻǷ̫ԼԱߵλϣ֮ŷһۡԼλϡ
λɣǴʮǵļ磬Ҫ˴񡣡
үһۣȻʮüˣôʣǵ±СǵСֱ
лϡ
λүѡұ߶ЩǶǺߴӡ۾ֱ飬үǸүôһҪүģ
ѵϹûпﻹôһ˲ɡ
սıһʹġ
ү˵Żһʹı飬̿үʲôʹģһж֮УıҲԤġ
ỹ˼˵ʹģǲ֪ߡ
Цүǿ˲עʱ򣬺ݺݵĵһۣʾ㡣
Ҳߣû뵽ȻûͬᶽıϾӦýҲǡ
һֵӣŭ⣬˵ү׵ܵܣҲүˣֻΪС̳ȥˣԲ¶档
ǡھүһꡣ
˵˵ȥΪʴȡ
ү˵֮һֱүΪ׵ү˵ġ
λϣȻὫһնʾڡЩĴĵһ档
ȻɱϾϮľλ
ҲүΪʲôûֱɱһԭ
ǿүϲĶӣǿүϲӡһ޾ͲΥүԸɱ
꿵үްŵʱЩһȻû޹̺򡣿ǣȵһ档
Ҳλȵ۵ʱ򣬾˵ƴһʱȵҲģȻᣬһϮȥġ
үܶңǽ˸ļҾȥ˾Ժ
ǺͶǳҲûʲô

903ͻȻ

Գܲ˵ʴȡ
үү˹֡
ʵʴȣ°յĸֵǵĸ
ֺ̫Ǻǵĳ˿ԼҶӺã̫ȻϲȻˡ
ʶ˵ǣȵ۲Żѡּ̳лλԺһԻհ
үЦĸһջƵģ仰ǷڸģһԸүʵۣǱˣԲǰ췴¡
û΢ҲԸ⣡
Сʾ⣬Ҳʮѣıʲôģ붼롣ԼүˣȻ³ɡ
ˣ֪ǵ⣬ҲЩˣúùꡣ
үƱȻҰףһһԼǰľˮүķٱ
Ⱦһ
檾һ
һǽϵĵһơÿ˶ҪȵġľƱҲװһơ
ү͵͵ŵġÿιϯʱȵȫǹơҲֻ޼ѣͻˮ
һ¶ǣҰҰͣţζͦġ
һʱ򣬾ľ
үү
ϽתͷȥȴүѾſһ
൱ʱ͵վӣƨɵµĵӣҲΪվʱֱӸ˹ȥ
Ҳ˲õӷûⱭƲǽϵĵһƣүͲ
˵ˣҲô죬ôɴġһӦǾүжˡ
үү
ܵүǰ̽һүıϢȷүƽȡ׼ȥ̫ҽʱ̫ǰķƹùżĽ
̫̫ôˣ
תͷȥȴ̫үһģһϣǰ鿴óĽүһ
ȥ̫ҽȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽȫ
ʱţҪ侲̩߶ү̫֮⣬λˣҲлȨˡ
ܻŲҡ
Ͻȥ
ǿǱ໹żġϾƤӵ³¶ġǻи̡ԴҲøŰҡ
ǡ
һС̫˵žҪŽ̩߶ȥ
վס
ֱӴһ
˶ķ˹ȥΪǲʲô
ѾεˡʹȻֹȥ̫ҽòɻ
ʹûѾˣ㾹Ȼȥ̫ҽѵεйزɣ
Сү±һʮҵӣһ硣ǳӦүֵܡ
Ϊ̳ǰľλڽԽꡣ
ûйϵﶼС¹ȥ̫ҽԺһˡ
ԼҪ£ҪšԼ˻ˣôûܹүˡ
ղҲϸүε֮⣬ү˲ûʲôƽȣɫ
жˡжĻɫб仯
ûж⽻̩߶ÿһ˶ɣô˽̩
߶κˣԼˡʱȥ̫ҽС¹ʡ
ʵҲġʱ뿪Ͼźү̫ࡣĻѹһ
ҪȻʵƿزľơ
񴫱ȥڿʼڽ̩߶ˣڻû֮ǰ̩һλͺ
Ļһܡү̫Ե޹ʾͳ⸱ģ
벻ͨΪλүĻλôҲӦֻү֣߶үЩ֣ΪʲôҪ̫أ
̫һûȨҲƿزȥ˭ǻ̫ûйϵΪʲôҪ̫һ߶
벻ͨģǾ벻ͨҲ̫ҽү̫󿴿ƵĺãȻʲô¶ýƲõĻˣ͸ܷˡ
ūּ
С¹ͬ漴תŲͬķȥ
һǳ˽̩̫ҽԺķȥһڽ̩ſóүơ
ƿԵǲǰ̩ΧסһӬѷɳȥ
ǶԴǲĵġѱ˺ĳΪһЩǮҪԴЩҲûзſне

ڽаʱģȻ֪һԻү߶
ǽʮ᲻ᰵҲү˼٣ҲûүЩ֡
౧һԵ̬ȡ̩ðûж
ЩǣԼǣֵضľٶ
˺һʧĵͷûаˣǸԼġ
ūŸʹ밲
׼ʱҲ˱ɵʱֻҪͻȻһźӰ
ϸϸպþŸһֱǰ
ʱЩϲΪ̩Ų׼ðֽ̩ķ
Ÿ֮Уһȴ༫ΪϤġվм壬ΪÿѣȵȽ˵ǺȽϤһ
ܺɣԲѡǽ̩߶ΪԱغý̩κ˽
ֱüվվھǰ֣ء
ʹġūŶȻغ⽻̩⡣
һ˳΢΢֣Ȼ˵ǰһԾ㲻Ӱ
ʱҲˡ
Ҫô죡
Ҳ֪ôˣġ
˽Ϻ̫ţˣ̫ҽ֮һһǲſ⽻̩߶߶
Ȼ಻Ǿ졣ǰЩưƬûٿֳõư顣
ֻҪЩ˶ԹԵλϡҪ͵͵߶ôȻܲ鵽һЩʲô
ʹʲô˼뽫λүڴ𣿡
˲ˣͬǻϵӣɻʹֽأ
пݺϺ̫ľǻʹˡ
վһָ࣬۾ȴƮ˶λ
ֻҪĶЩ˶ԻʹɡôĻʱ
Ʋϵľһ߸ϵӣ˶ūųȴݻһ㡣
Ͼ϶Ҳˣֻһˡ˱Ȳˣ֪ġ
ǻʹˣôûȫ¶ҲͲðˡ
Ͼʹ̫ˣԿԵݵһϷɡ޷ǾԻϲأԼĶλ˰ѳֳ
ȻЩһڡλǶʱɫ
Ϊǰҵ¡һһ䣬ǵĹλۺ졣
ߣ˵Ĳ²áǣ˵ҪԼĶλԻ϶Աĳ谮Ҫô𣿡
ĿһۡǿԷǳԺ˵үЩûĸܱ³ġ
ү۲ͷΣͲͿ£ôܷôõһλ̳˲ѡأ
Ȼүܷ³ͬôЩȻҲˡ
ԱɵλǶʱɫǲ㱻˸ˡ
ͷһ룬ʹ˵һûС˼лϵĳ谮ֳϢôܻ¶
㡭
˱ôһ£ʱࡣôưոأ
ϻԲѣһõĻأǹĶǶ֧硣Ǻܺá
ʹ˵ûǵûϵĳ谮ǲһϾԸѡ󰢸̳лλ
ݸһЦ̧ԼĶӡ类˽̵Щų˽æ˹ȥ
˼ԣϲֹ󰢸һӣж磬磬ûеİ硣尢磬硣
ʵ̫СˣԺԲơ
ô˼ǾûϻѡΪ𣿡
Ĳǲƽˣ鷳ֻû취Ĵ¡
Ϊƾųܵ˴㣬ͷ
Ż˵粻󰢸磬ı˵ɲ󰢸硣Ը棬ܱȵϱĴ󰢸𣿡
Ҳ˺С顣ΪүΪ塣һҲԸ⡣
Ҿô˵ˣԼܲסôֻ˵Ͳʺڹ档
ʹʲôطǺŮ˵ĵطҲλӹĵط
㲻뱻һ²ȵҪġѹûУǾһɢүˡ
ˣʹ˵ûûǱȵϵĴġ
ĻͷɵûҰҪϵİ磬Ǻûӡ
ȻҲΪүһĻϡ֪֪֮ԼȲϴ󰢸硣

904ȷʵֻ˯

鷿ѧϰʱ̫Ǿտ޴硣һʰ꿼ǹεʱҲǴɵɫ
һеһСɵССѾǰʽ
翴ףһ˿ס
˵뷨ܵǾֻҪǻϵĶӣôпܳΪպĴ
޹غʲôĲɣѧʶǻ϶ҪĲɣѧʶôҪ±߶Щ󳼸ʲôǲΪϷǵ
ԡ
ûϢ˼Ҷô˵ˡ㾹Ȼֻˡ
ǸѽôôһûõĶԼģΪǰûϢģϺȡ

ӣǽһ漴תͷ˹ȥ
עݡֻһССĹˡǻã衣
Դ̫εɾ͵ĲԣҲ˵Ķԡ
֮˶Ȼû뿪̩ֻŵģʲôһֱ˷ʱ䣬ʵǿȥˡ
ʹ˵Ķԡ֮ȸ̫ͻΣȻıϵ֡ȻԺ˻ʲôģͬ˵
λ߶صľүһڣȻǸ͵ġ
ûû΢ӻʹġҪ߶
Сүصź˵׼û˭ͻ׽ģȻẦϵġ
лλܹ⡣λȺ򡣵̫ҽ֮˵
˵֮󣬿һɣȻͳźȥ
˼ԣһϸ緢ʱ򰵰Ĺ۲ˣ˭Ϊֹ˻ɡ
ൽ˺ʱү̫Ѿֱڵţಢûֱȥ̫
ǽүķ䣬ʱү˯Ƶġ
ƽȣɫ
ӣ̫ҽˡ
ߵүǰʱ⴫
Ͻ̫ҽǽƻϡ
Ҳˣվүͷλá
Ҫۿү
̫ҽԺ̫ҽǶѾˡһҳһȥ̫ﻹһ־ǰŲ
ҪȻ̫ͻϵʳ;ߣЩط
ʹＪ顱
̫ҽͷͷ׵̫ҽЩɶ̫ҽԺ¸ص̫ҽˡҽȻڻ¡
Ͻȥơ
ҵİ˰֣ʱ˭ںЩѽүҪ
ǡ
̫ҽæԼҩ䣬߶ͳһרõСͷ
Ȼү±߶ָү
ŵĿ˿үֿ˿̫ҽλáֽŵؿ̫ҽı顣
ɫƽ̫ҽʱԽϵıԽ졣
һüһۣһһֱ顣
Ūľ͸ǹɽƵһһ¡ȴҳš
ֻ̫ҽüͷҡҡͷġˡһµ˹ȵס
Ҫѯʵʱ̫ҽλóһ̫ҽǰү
ųڵĻ˻ȥظŸղŵ顣̫ҽһֱôȥүĲûκãȵಡɡ
ֱ̫ҽ£̫ҽȥڻ̲סˡ
ϵˣ

̫ҽҡͷסˣҡͷʲô˼үʲô󲡰ôûˡ
ػʹϲûʲôҲûжϳȷֻ˯ˡ
̫ҽվǰҽҲд뱲ˡ˯˻ǲˣĳġ
˸ղһһȥ˵óĽһģһġϲûжҲûʲô彡ء
˵ǻ˯ôѲ̫Ҳ֢ͬ״ѵҲ˯˲ɣ
൱öȻЩ̫ҽҽѡ˵ġ
ʹˡȷʵ˯ˡ
̫ҽǸడԴ֤Ͼ˯ˣûжΪʲôѲҲ֪
ӹҽһȺӹҽǻи̣ȫȥᡣ
ĳλ̫ҽŭ𣬿ǾɱЩˣҲûʲô취̫ҽ֮⡣벻ʲôүҽΡ
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ϹŵˣʱŵôֻһǲźǵЦ
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డ
ߣǵҶգʲô취Ҫû
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λ̫ҽķֻȥ͸ڵļλ̫ҽȻһȥǰԭֻҵԭ֢ܶҩ
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˺üΡˮιү֪ʡιȥˮ˳
״ûа취ֻԼһڣȻȥιүҲҿʱ˿ڣûʲôζ
Ҫүƻɣעүǿġ
ιȥˮûǰ㣬˳Ľȥүĺ֮ǰһǱ˳
״æӲɾʡȫү·ȥˣŪʪģʪ·Ҳ
үòã˯ţĺܵģֻһŮ˶ѣҿ⽭ɽһʱᣬûа취һֱš
ǲЩĻˣȻ뷽跨Ҫĸ˵ɡֻܱǣҲ˵Ụҵϵġ
ᣬүϡ
ֻ𶨣ȴûпĺ£ʧȥүԼزסүĴ壬Щڰ˻үûҪĸӵ
Լûˣүȴˣµ̫̫࣬Щֳֻܱѹ
ү˯ȥôᱻѹġ
Ǿ˵ô࣬үһľͷһ㣬һ
ѾǬ¡꣬Ǭ¡ʱ
߶ǰڽдΧûһϢү̫󣬵ʱõľƱ̫ҽһһ˸顣
ǷЩƱҲûʲô⡣ǺȵЩҾûʲô
ûͷѭС
һһĻ뵱ʱÿһ鶼ûвκһҾүʳУҲûзʲôԾġ
໹شͷʻǽһϺͻ̫ʲôԵĵطʲô
ǵóĽۣһ㲢ûʲô
û취ˣһͷûУôѽһֱ߶ˣ⽻̩ҲǸ취
һʱһʱûģһøͲܡ
˵Щǻ᲻飬ЩǶܹԹԵһϡ
˵ˡүҹѵѲ˵أѵүһֱ㽫Щһֱﲻɣ
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һ߽ͣĽûгȴüͷ
ʹôҲΪ˻ϡǶԻʹĴ治ôǶԻĴ治
үˣֱתͷһñӾͿ˳ͷϡ
һϱ˶Ǳ۾񡣶ֻһǳ¸ֲ
үʵȥˣųֹ
㣬ߣûô˵ʹܵóһ˵ɡܻܲһûͽһհɣ
ȻҲǱүǸñӸסˡ˵ЩʱֻܷСֹġ
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үûȥΪ⻰˵Ҳûе
ġʱδѡֻίλ⽻̩һʱ峿̫֮ʱǻϻδѣλ
ޡֻһѣֹסЩһѾļˡ
һϣʹĪڿЦڲŹʱѡͷ뻹Ҫĸʱ
ô˵ʱôһأһҲֻ˯ˣûжûģȴҪ˵ء

905ֻ̫ӵ

ôĻǲԸˣǳҪ֪Ī˯ˣ϶ԭģ㲻ԸĻʱΪʲô˯ôһɵıǳ
鲻ãЩҪȻǲ඼Źġ
ʹĪҪ΢΢ԻĹȻȴ治֮¡
ôһвʱҲе˸ոյƣᵴȻ޴档
˵ˣ΢Ҳû˵
˵֮ͰԼλϡں೪
ǹһ˿Ц漴תͷˡ
ô˿ɻ
໰ڵˣôԼ֮ǻ¶ôǾǻɵĵһ
ЩֲɵԼһϵʱϴԼɡǸ˶ô
ǺãȻλûǻλｫһϣճ֮ʱǻûôλ⽻̩
ֻôˡֻϣү̫˯ˡܹɣ
̫ҽææµµġǷҸֹżͼҵү˯ԭ
ǾҪҹżҲҪķʱġ̫ҽԺе̫ҽһͣĽ̫ҽԺеҽ鷭˸顣ûҳһͻȻ˯ԭ
ۿѾ಻òгŵ̩ﰾһϵ˶˳ȥ
ȲľˣҲ˵ү
ˣ࿪̩Ĵ֮ʱӴԼĸร뿪ˡ
Ҳˣڽ̩
ʹҲȥϢһɣгš
үȻǵүģһûбչۡ˶һһ
̫ҽ˺ü飬е󣬶ûвʲôǻʹɲġ
ںҹʱһһġ̫ͻϯϵľˮ
үıϾܷ֣Ҳ
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ʱǰȻȣǸʱҪʱ
ʹġܶȻѹסǰȴѵһ졣
үͷ඼׵ĵôܲס
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浣ĻʹۿȥʱķȻ۲ѡ
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ڷѾ˵Ĳˮ국˵
״΢΢֮ת޵ҲֻһᣬȥҸ̫ҽǡ
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һ֮ԣģҪľǸղŴˣǿ϶ġ
Ͼ滹ڶһҪϵ
Ǽ⻼ʹ޲ץԼԴϵͷ̫ˡ
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Ѿһˣɲģ©ʲôѾǵڶ鷭ˡ
ɣҵϻԵԭ򡣡
ƣ֮ɫüɢȥĳݡ
ûҵλ̫ҽͷΪҽȴܾλϣԭ򶼲鲻Ǹе
ôңţȻôȻм¼
ϬЩ̫ҽһүϣЩżϡ

906ԭ

Щ涼ûУôô죬ܲܽүɡȻЩǲܵġ
̫ҽ汾һˡ
Щ̫һҽҹżһԵ̫ҽһۡ
̫ҽ΢΢Ǹ˳ȥ

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ʡ
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š
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ԲѡˮȲȥ֪̫ҽʲôӡ
˵֮󣬱㿴̫ҽܲүôһֱţԲȰɡ
㵽ʱûбҲᱻǸֲҲӪҺ
ǹŴʱûʲôӪҺʲôүʲôάأȼԼ֬ҲŲ˼졣
ȷʵͷۡϻ˯žû취ʳô΢һϿһ㲹ҩϺ֮ά
̫ҽЩʱ򣬶ʱһɸ
̫ҽ֪ռɣιЩˮǻϸͲ֪ʡôҩûϷȥأ
ͷ۵ġ֮ȪˮֻҪˮʱ֮ǲġ
үڸͲˮ֪ʣˮҲֻﺬŶѡ
⣬΢ʵûа취ˡ
̫ҽյҡҡͷܸܲһɣǾⷽеͨҲҰǻϣʲôè
Ȼˣô̫ҽȸϿҩɣ취
ʹĶͷҲΪ̫ҽת뿪
ûȥúõ뷨ӣүԹԵĽʳˮ
صүķ֮ǰԸŮһˮСʢһˮιү
Ϊүι٣˻ûд¶
ظ֮ǰĶ֪ү©һˮգͣ
үͺһ㣬һ㡣
Ÿɾӣүǵˮղøɾ֮һ˫ضүĿ
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òˣټԼǻ괩ģôһЩ׹ʤ֮Ҳ֡

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ҲһܾȻүġ
ղŵĽţΪһ˶նħԼҲ֪ʲôͲһʱˡ
ȥԺϺҪô죿ڲǿʱܾү㽫ȥҲԹ޻ڣ
ǡ
ղתôŸʳڣͱˡ
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ڰ֣վ׼ԸһЩ֮󣬾ͺճ
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Բʦأ
һһѾʵ
Բʦ
Ѿˣʲôʱ򣬸һԲʦģô֪
ѽǽʦǸϺС
żĽͣϾԲŵķţҲֻǼ֪ѡ
ŶʦԺϢأȥʦ
СѾ߸æ˵ͷ˵𣬸ʲôʱһԲʦԭǽǸʦ
ˣԲŴʦϢȥš
ڰ֣Ȼ˵ģôͲôĲ֪
У˸ʹϲ裡
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ЩξٸǣޱȣȻ֪Լҷǻʹãû뵽쾹Ȼܼʹôġ
£ûκˣĵģ֪ˡ
͵͵ķġЩҪ˵Ҳ̫˵ˡ
һ˽ǰ֮λƨɻûůȵˣͼһŹǷ£ޱ߷Ϻ˽
ۣµĴ˴һۣ廹Ǵӵվ
Ƕһ˵ء
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ԲŴʦߵǰ˫ֺʮ΢΢
ʦض񡣡
̧֣˼ǵõɮҪЩ
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һƣԲŴʦҲǫãһƨ֣ӡ
˵ʦа취Ȼ
֮󣬱ֱ⣬ڹⶺʱ̫үڹ﷢ʲô¡
ǵü˻ϲ֪
ԲŴʦ΢΢һЦԲźϵԲżֱˣϵǸЩͯ˼ڵأһڵģŵһЩʦӡ
Ǵʦھ汾
⣬һȻ˲˲УôھߣүзΣһ̶ȥ
԰꣬ϺиҪ󣬻ʹӦˣߡ
ԲԼϵķ飬ҪԸ⣬ϺҲˡ
ʲôҪ󡣡
⣬ԼλȥԲŵҪһЩ֮ĻҲν˼ʲô˰ܿЩ
ҪȻͨͨҪ
ϺеҪܼ򵥣ʷĸı䡣
Բһһ˵˫ȴһֱĶࡣ
ˣһʲô˼ʲôʷĸı䡣
һֱҲûиıʲôΨһıľԼˣʷиûһﰡ˵ˣʷ֪ʷĿɲһ㣬ŻҪıأ
ǽԲżȻ˵ˣô϶ǾԼʲô뵽⣬ܹһ׹⣬ԲźĪָԼҪ³̫֮λ¡
ʷϵ̫ȷʵ³Ǭ¡үʮ
κѾˣﻹأ
״ʦʲô˼ûͼıʲôһжʽƣ𣿡
Լֻڱѣǲôôľпĸˡ
ʹǸˣ֪ʷôͲӦȥŸı
ԲɼԼ˼Ȼʲô
ԲŴʦЩ͸ˡЩҪǱǲЩʲôĻڰ
Щˣ˶ϧȻҲţҪţ͵һЩ˵κ񣬱簲ˣٱϡ
ʹɷģи֮ˣܳ꣬ʷ򣬸ôߣѾעˡ
ֻҪ˳ƶ¾С
ԲŲûΪǹЦ⣬˵
ʦ˵ɣ֪ô˯ȥ͢ʲôĺʲôĺĸӴʲôĺ
ɲô׵ĴӦȥ
ϺȻ֪ǻˣôЩ㲻ڡ
Բֻǲʷߵ̫ƫѡڲҪƫɹܲˣֲɣܻһӲɡ
ǺãԴӦʦڻ֮ұ㲻ȥĸıκʷΪģǾͲܱˡ
һ˿ƻǡõıˡ
ûһֱıʲôıʷһֱүּϺϣκȥ˾ġ
˵үĸ飬ԺҲָܳʲôʮ尢ڴӦԲҲûʲô˵ġ
үѲôΪ˱ֻԼĶӼλˣȻŻ˯үеӡ
ʹ˵Ǵյĸ
Բοĵ˵ͷôͲˡ
ȻѾӦ˴ʦģôʦɷͬһعˣ
ѾĿ϶ԲſԾүˣΪ֪ԼôȻǷĵõˣôүֵ
ţϺдӦʹģȻУͽ
ԲЦһЦϵġɲϡֻԲΪԼĹֲѣӦԼһ
Բͬˣ˻ˣһơ
΢ͻʹعɣ
ξٷվʹģôҲӦͻȥûʹһ˻عﲻ̤ʵ
ڸȥȥͻء
ξٷתյ֣˵һ䣬Ȼ뿪ˡ

911ȡѪ

صеļˣҲ˲ţֱӴԲү޵
ΪԲϹͷˣ˼·ûлعأֱôܽһϹͷ֨֨ˡ
ԲŴʦϾˣ
߽ү޵ԲźŸϡ
һүɫüͷ״żôʵ
ԲŴʦôˣ
Ϊüͷ׼ʲôõ
ãǿҪɢˡ
ԲߵүǰڴĴ˿
ԭˣʲôǿҪɢˣɢ˾û𣬾Ҳز
Բʦа취Ȼϡ
಻붮үжôأֻ֪ôܾү
˼壬ǽ˵ĻǳߣȻ˾ͻԲѣžƽʱ˯һʱԽãԽѾȻ
ԲüͷȻ㵽һ㣬û뵽Ȼôֵġ
ֲá
ֲүɫû⣬ֲҽôҲȲүԭ͵͵˵Ļˡ
ǰйһʱ䣬壬Ҳ֪ԼΪʲôúõģָо㲻ʲô
Ϊû˿Կ㣬˵Կκɻе¶į
಻үģү壬ҲȲġ
ôԲʦа취
ţȻԲźܹһۿ͸ô϶нķ
ûУα겻αֻסǣúѰҵʩõĲż˾Ϳˡ
ԲһᣬŸ˵Žİ취У취Ӧò򵥡
ʲô취
༱еʵֻҪܱסү취ôѣҲҪһԡ
ûϵѪͷѪꡣ
Բһһ˵ţȻ̣ȴĿǰЧġԽ׵֮ѪйģԲŻĿġ
ͷѪ
Ժ͵˺󼸲Ϊĵһ뷨үĺǣǺүѪ׽ġ
ȻҲүĶﰢ꣬ȵѾʬֻʣһǼˣĻʲôͷѪ
̫ڻڸأȻܹүṩͷѪˣôľүЩˡ
үһ߸ӣĸģһҲ׽ǵģȻǲԸġ
ΪʲôүֵܽǣΪȻүֵܣվһģô𲻵ҪЧġ
Բʦñ𣿡
಻ԼĺðգԸԼġ
Բ֮ƽҡҡͷκ˵ͷѪõĻҲͲôˡ
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γ׵ĵˣôѡүӵͷѪү
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ʹǾ¾Ϊһ졣ôͻˡϺ֪ѾǵڶˣҲ˵˽ʱ֮󣬻Ϻ̫ͳûˡ
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⹬ǴҪϺ̫
Ȼˡȥ˽İ
ݺݵҧҧԼĺܾۡôүҲԼĺΪ˶һӵĻԸİ硣
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󰢸˵еǾȻϺ̫ҲشһλȡѪԻʹɷġҿԱ֤ǶᰲȻȥȬ
Բű³һѣ˲ඥȺһģһλȡѪôضһ
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ôһ˵Ҳ˲ôһ㣬Ҳתˡ
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þһѪһˣЧãɹʸߡ
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³ǹһ˿Ц⡣սʱҲǺµġûǲġȻҲ
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ǶԶﻹǶԼ˵ǲõӰ졣
Բʦܱ֤ǰȻ
ЩԥǵĻôԸһԡ
ȻԣϺǳˣڿܾܣܾͲܡ
ԲžͲûָ췢ˡ˵ݶˣѵԼƲɣ
ţǺðɣǾȥһ԰ɣ
˰ΡȻ˿³ͶεСֻܱ˱۾ͷ
Ǻãλȥš̫ҽһȥȡѪ
Բ³һ΢Ц³˵
ԼͲȥˡΪҪ׼һҪõĶ
಻ĿԼҶ׿ȡѪһû뿪Լڵλá
ֱ̫ҽһСʺѪҺ˺þõ˳Ǵȡġĸ׵ģܲ
ֱʿȡѪʹٱ
Ŀ¶ģݺү̫˭
Ҫ£ҪˣΪԼ³еΣ׿ȡѪôҵ˭֮Ҫʹĸо

912Ҳһ

Բʦ
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ûʹǻʹͲġȻڴ󰢸ƽ£ֻҪѸ¾û¶ˡ
ܹ鲻ȫ
̫ҽ󰢸ôˣ
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̫ҽͷȡôѪǲҪ߶ȻȥעϢһûˡ
Ҫ⽻̩ģĻ̩̫ӣһȡѪͻȥЪˡ
ʩˡʩѵѡ
̫ҽЩ¶أԲź˵
Բźвû˵Ϊʲôѣ룬ȻҪѣôȻԲŵĵֻԲŵ˵
ڼŮİ£үͷų֮⣬ѾһˡҲ̿յҪȻү֮׼øðɡ
һ֮󣬱ԲźдԼͳһɫëʡëʺѰëʲûʲôһľɫͨʽɫ
һ˿˿жζһ
ϸȥ̽Բźб˹̫ҽС
ɫëʵıʼպһѪȻүüĴ
֮Բźɷġүϻ˲ַֹš
û̫ҽȻЩƵģԲźнүӻ֮һʡ
ȻүϵЩѪһһûƤֱүϸɾһ㶼ʱԲźв³һ
ˡ
˦һ˦ֵǣȼұմеѪȴ漣ĲˣֱǸɾ͸Ľɫëʡ
Բʦͺ
ָָɳ˯үȻôүôûأ
ʹĪҪġϺֻǽϵĻҪûϳˣôͱٵĲż
ԲźջԼĽɫëʡ˵ġ
֮ˣôҰʹô󣬶ССĲżȴôȥһ㡣֪ԲŴʦзӣ
಻ûҳˣǾ˵ټĻʹ֮ҵССĲżǿɲǴ롣
Ϻеı¡ȻҲܰҵ֮ˡ
Ϻûа취ʹҵȷ֮ˡǿӦλá
Բô֪ܲ뷨𣿲ҲɲӦ¶ѾݶˡǲӦôǰˡ
Բ˵ԲŽõķӶѾ׼ˡ
ŶȻˣǻԲʦˡ
еСҶˡ
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ȻҪżôȻҪ˵ĶѪҺͷ֮Ķ
ѪҺͲ˵ˡȻǲõġͷͺñȽϷˣԲϲͷ
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۾㿪ʼֹġǲ
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ˣͻʹǱܵѲ飬һطҲ©ˡ
ûдĵѰңµʱϢ˳ȥôϼˡ
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ͷԲźһ̣ǿģûпʲôŵǼȻʹãôȻá
뿪ŶԲ˵
ԬʦƲ䡣һȻ̫󡣡
ܲܽүͻˣ̫ɡ
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ԲǾ˵ģһҲǾͣҲǾȡ˵νˡ
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ǹŴǽ̫ǸȻһͿͿġ
ǻ粻̫ءȻˣ̫Ҳûˡˣ¸Ҳ³ǿɱ˸ܡ
Ǻðɣ
ȻԲźҲ뵽һˡЩ˼һˣǺ
ϺҪѡһˡ
ⶫҲ˵˭ܻģҲҪԵֵġԲԼѡˣɹĿܴһЩ
Ȼͽ̩ĹŮԲŴʦۡ
΢΢һЦŻȥ
ûöʮŮˣȻҲƹùãһ벻֮ˣǾ⼸һֱ̫߶ɡ
Բźпɵһ˲䣬Ů㲻ٶ࿴ΪŮʺϵˡ
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Ҫ֪ԲźһϺСҪȻΪĵͽأǿɵҪˡ
ʱ֪Բŵ뷨
ʱԲֻһǾΪɲǸжأ
ŮӵķԵɱԼǸͽǿ̫ˣǸӵĻԲžԼһ˵ΪɮȻԼһԺȻܳΪһˡ
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Ļ֮ϾҪˣҲ²˭أ¶ˣһ????
оⱾ飬ϾҪˣװǣСƱƱɡ

913ԭ

үԵĵ죬һҴææţⲼż֮أԿ˵ʱҲܼ
ǾһüĿûеʱǬ幬ֳˡ
һ磬λּˣ˵õƵġ
ȲѣѾȥˣûãͼǰС̫༱ææܻˡ
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СҲǺ̫ࡣǰ˹ڼ仹żһӣȴʲôûиоƵģܡ
һܻһߴųˣ¶ˣ
ҲҿﶼˡҲû˵ʲô
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СҲ֪˵𣬷ôһͬ˵±Ƶ״̬ȴˡ
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Сӹ˵ʲôأ̫⽻̩ءôܴȥǬ幬أ
СӶһˮʳҪʵĻ
Ŷūû˵ǳλ̫ǡ
Сʱˮأˮȴûȡ
λ̫󡣡
ૣϣȵ۵ĵޣүǻ֮ͱȥ¥Ƹ
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ᾹȻү̫ԲѣҪӵ̫ӣһһų硣
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뵽⣬һ飬ȫװ׵İǰˡ
ү̫Բѣʺأô֮⣬ͻиλֻ̫첻Ƹ벽˲඼챻ˡ
˳ү֣пԭ֮ǰ벻̫ͨһ֣Ǹʲô˼񲻾ȫ˵ͨˡ
ϻԲѣʺأô̫ӣʱ̫ǿԷ̫ӵģ̫ҲѲˣôλ̫˵𣿱Ͼȵ۵ĵޡǿԵġ
߾Ҫ˵˵ˣ˾Ųʮλ̫ģûа취ô̫ˣˡ
ҵ˾ηԾүģֻǰǣôΪ˾Ȼֵ̫һ磬Գλ̫˵Ҳ
νһ˫񣬾඼̲סˡ̫λϣ治һܹġ
ôλ̫ô˺أ
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ǹһĨЦøλ̫󣬺øнԼ⼸Ŀ࣬Ϊ˽հɣ
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ֱ͸үԺ󣬾ҲûмˡҪ潻ˡ
һ·һ⼸췢£һ߳ǬŶȥ
ʱǬſѾ˲ٵĳ佫кͳλ̫Լĸӡ
һ޾԰Ҿôʱ̫ӵʱ򡣶ĸȻλݲߣˣ˵Ȼ̳У԰ҾΪʡ
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ҲͬΪ̫ӵġȥġ
壬Ī˯Ϳˣ£һһСΪ̫𣿡
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ǰ³λ̫󣬿ˡЩСȨʱûʲôµġ
̫¹شĺˣڲʢꡣĲãǾĩ·Ϊ¾ϵôԿŴ˥أ
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˼Ǽ󰢸Ϊ̫ˣ
ں˵ƽӹʱȥҪͱλ̫һۣ漴ĵ˻ȥ
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λ̫󹴴һЦôͬ⣬ôմȻҲǲͬġ
˱;øߺһȣú˵ĺʵۣѹͷϣЩߵմ󳼣Ȼͬġ
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һϲû뵽λ̫ô˵Ȼ˽󰢸й
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ڳλ̫ټһ˲䣬ɫˡֻҲֻһ˲ѡ漴ָԭ״
檸λ̫밲ٰ̫
ҵλϣںЩ󳼵۹⡣վڳλ̫ǰؾصһ
ţʹɣ
λ̫ͷʹ˾ˣܽһ̫ô
л̫󡣡
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֪ʹΪ£
λ̫ۣϲôҲͰˣǼȻˣͱܺúõ뿪
Ϊ̫֮һϡŮųҪĴ¡
뵽λ̫һ˿ǰûٰﴦЩҪ
ԸһʹǼЩǲûа취ߡ
Ȼ̫ͬһĿġ̫ҪӵΪ̫ӣôȻҪԼĶӳΪ̫ӡ
ಢûпλ̫˿⡣
һΪֹλӵΪ̫ӡڶ¾ʱ䣬ҵǸλ̫Ĳż
ϲҪΪǻʹ͸ҹȻ밧ԡǰ¾˵¡
Ķӹź˵£뽫˵͸𣿡
λ̫͵һԼµΡ˷ŭϣһŮ˹׼û¶
ƣҲֻһʹȻô󳼵ǰͬһ̫а壬ɻйء
λ̫˵⻰檾Ͳˡ󰢸յǰ¾ޣ˵ô˵͸˺أ
λ̫ŭǹЦ⡣
˵ˣ˺ôܴŴʢðʳǡǲһõ̫ѡ
һ仰˵Щ󳼵ˡȻҲ⽫˵ø
ǸǣһǼٲʢȥǵܹʳǣܺƽ
ʹСķͷô֪粻󰢸أô֪Ժ˵Щأ
λ̫Ȼףȷʵʵ۵ϡ
ôأֻǸʱڻŵʱ˭Ǹλϡ˭ԸҪһУ˭Ƚס
ۺ֣ʵѡˡԽΣ̫֮λġ
֪֪νֻҪλ׾ͳɡ
һһǬſϵ̨ףÿһڳλ̫ݺݵسһ¡

914ūǲǶ˵

˳λ̫ɫԽԽû뵽·ɱҧۿԼĿľҪˡ
ϿǸѽ֪ӦʰҲһܡ
ǿ¾Ҳʹˣϻʺ̫ءȵ۵ĵޣǱ˳Ӧ£
λ̫һ˿ôأߣ˭ܹͣĻأ
λ̫󻹸˵̫أ檵ʳλ̫󡣻ΪλԲѡ
һһߵ˳λ̫ǰϣĿݺݵؿǰٵš
˻һµλ󳼶ʱ˽
ʹʲô˼
׷Ρ
´ˣ˵᲻ǳλ̫ģԻʹô˵
˵
һʱ֮䣬ҳһֲ࣬²ⶼСಢûֹ±߶󳼵Ĳ²⣬Ϊ𰸵ʱϾ͵ˡ
֪˵ʲô˭ĵӾȻݰң
λ̫һĨţ֮ľǹԼŭ
˼Ҹҽ֪𱰵ŮѹȥȻ֪ߵغǬݰҡ
԰ҿϺ̫˸ıģʱҪ󰢸Ϊ̫ӣĪҪǴ¡
ֻһ仰ѣλ̫һ˵һ󴮣ͨ͸ˣôһνϱܿˣ
ȻҲһЩϹġǾͻΪλ̫˵ϾԹרȨ׵۵ǻв١
ҼҴҵ󣬹ٳҲСô᲻ʹŷ׵۵ǻ⣬Ȼƿأ
Ҿû̫˵ҪȻΪʲôϲ֮ȴû̫ҽԺһηأȻǱʹǲû
ûûɴ˵ô˼
಻ÿ֪±߶Щ͵ˣȫǺжԹĹԱ
ڵʱ䣬ҲѾҵ˶ϾƸ󲢲󣬾ǾߣʱҲˡ
׼̯ˡ뵽ҲԼǰĵšתšڳٹ١
λ󳼶ֻϺ̫õʲôȻΪδ󰢸粻ǬţôڱߴҾǸô£
˵Щ̨֮ףλүελá
λ̫ȻǬţλƫ·һ㡣
Ҫֵľǻʵ۵ޱȣû˿ƽƽ
λվŵࡣûֱϣֻվ֮ǰվĻҲһŵġ˵ĸоͲһˡ
ʹ֪΢ǣϾôˣ
״æӦࡣȻҲϵõʲôΪһֱʹĽġ֪Ǹô¶
ˣһоϱԼڴѧݽʱšٽţҲסˣӳ
ʵϱûʲô
˻һ˵ǬŶʱѻȸΪ֪˵ĲҪġ
ǱĳЩ׹֮Ϊ
˵ʱһ˫۾ֱֱλ̫˼Զ
˵ҿǷħˡ⹬ɻľЩ׹ʤ֮Īݺ˻Ϻ̫󣬾ⲻʵʵԼ
λ̫࿴ʱﲢûųΪ׹֮ǲŵġ
˵ǲǣôֻл̫Ϊס
Ҳλ̫ᷴϾΪģ֮ô򵥡
ʲô˼ǻɣЩ¶
λ̫һЦҲֻǻɣû֤ݰ
ûлɡ¶̫Ϊ
˵ôǻأѾȷˣǽûҵżô൹ùˡ
ҵľżôϵùҪΪΪӦеĴۡ
ŴĻ̫ޱȣôְ֮£ʹǻɰңôҲó֤
λ̫վһֲֻͣزָ࣬ҲֻΪλ̫Ǳġ
Ҳֻгλ̫ףµġ
̫ȻҪ֤ݣôȻ̫һ֤ݡֻҪȴѡ
ְ³λָ̫˫֡
ϲ˼ôָˡ
ôҾ֤ݡ
λ̫Цһ漴Լԭλϡ۾һԡ
۾ΪڲԼһԣΪԼûʲô˵ġ
ҲֻЦһ漴ߵλ̫ߣӣλ̫ߡ
ǬŵʱѾȥƸˡ˶áʩĲżҵˡʱ檻ϣ̫˵޹ء
Щſڳλ̫˵ġ˲û
ûȴڻʹ仰˵ֻ֮ؼٻ̫͵һ˫۾ֱֱĿŻʹȼŭ
ǻʹ˵ʲôǵؼӻ̫ŭ
λҲں汾̫˵ʲôɣ
ಢλ̫Ҫ̻˵񡣷±ߵλ˵
һ˫˫֪ʢ۾˵ġ
Ϊ߻̫󣬱ǬŵʱѾûߵ̫ܹ࣬ȥƸ󣬾ѰҡʩĲż
ʱλ󳼱֪˵벻ˡ
˵֮󣬱㲻˵ȥǾôߴˡ
µĴȻЩţϾ׹֮ô˵оô
¹ص̫Լȵ۵ĵˣҲȥŪ
ʱһţյ̫Ѿ߶ͷ
λ̫ȻǣЩǵģʱһȥõˡ
ʱԽô֤ǸûҵԵʱ򣬿ôˡ
Ȼûʲôı仯ȴǵġѵжϴ
Ⲽżǳλ̫Ϊֻý£ﵽԼĿĶѡ
ҲӦðΪӸոմӳλֱ̫֪үеġ
˵ȥƸʱǸǺµġǾ֤ƸﶨȻʲôܼ˵Ķ
ҪĻţԼжϡ
ʱȥˡ±߶Ҳʼ궯ѡλʹǵЦԽԽԽԽļʱ
ֻԶһs̫࣬Ҵҵ˹
ūŸʹ밲
֮ǿ˳λʹһۡŹؾصĸ밲ûгųλ̫
ūţ̫ȴŮʰ㽫̫ɷ
ǰһָıӾƿڴ
ǲϲ˶ĸо
ĪҪݣʹǻ׷ġʲôʱֵСеģڻ̫ūžֻ֪һ̫Ǿǻϵ
ĵһۣûĶⲻֹûǸûӵġ
Ҳ˵ʲôʱˣôԼ֪
ȵ۵ĵޣǻҲһʶǸʲôȻҷ
λ̫ȻǷŭġť»ҲֻǸͼҶѣ˻̫ҲֻΪĶǻϡ
ԼҲ󲻵ȥͲᲢۡ
ūǲǶǲ˵㣿һܲ˵Щǿɵū˵㡣
Ҳλ̫ôһ˵ųλ̫
ô˵һֱŵڷˡȥƸջġҪȻҲóȻĺͳλ̫а塣
㡭
񹫹ȥʲôջ񣿡
ֱӴ˳λ̫Ļڲ˵ʱ򡣶Ǹʱ
Ȼҵˣʹ뿴
ӻ֣һС̫ǰľ̡
Ҳ˵ֱӵ˵⿪ľ̶ϸŵĺ첼
ִֻСĲżżӲ˴СС롣
ԴλֱӴ̫Ѩλãᴩһϸ롣
Ϊʵλмվš⹫һ򿪣ǰվŵд󳼶ˡ
ڿ߶֮λһжôޡܺݵֲż롣
˲Ƶģżżĺˡ
Ϊżĺдү̫ȫԼǵ֡
ȥԲŴʦ
ȻԶǻԼԼ壬߶Լż󱳵дЩʲô֣ڿżʱﻹһ˿ϲá
үоˡĵΨһ뷨
ԲŴʦ
仰˵֮ڴ󳼶߶һ
˳ȥ֮һòƷĹԱľ֮ɫ

915

ĹٷǿǸʲôλġԱΪʲôԲŵķǣôġ
ٴ˵ԲŴʦɣ
ԱߵһԱʳĵ롣
̴˻֪ԲŴʦһõˣ¹ʱ˵ˡ
Ϊٴ˵Ǹͷ׵ͷ˵ʱôǸʱԲŴʦҲŲѡ
ڵԲʵ䲢ǰ㣬ԲſҲֻʮѣǸѾ֪ˡ˵ԲпܶѾһˡ
뵽⣬಻ɵ³һʱһǿ붼ġȻִ˲٣ǹŴûа
˵ˣԲŵģ벻ϳˡ
ҲʱȾүҪ
ȻԲ˵ҵżֱ֮ӻ˾ͿˣɲԼİ컵¡
ֵĶǽֵˡ
ʱĳλ̫Ѿˣû뵽صôΣǱҵˡ
ҲԲߣΪԲźѾˡ
̩Ǭ幬棬һӣ˹
ԲŴʦ
ǸйٵĹԱǼʲô˵Ƶģӵɵϴˡ
˼ˣɵĶԲź˼֡
ԲʦⲼżҵˣǻϺ̫ġ
ԲŹֱӴ̨ߵϡ
ԲźҲ˵Ĳżضˡ
ûĲż
ԲźеͷԴӲżܵү̫Ϣ
һû˵Ҳû˽Զֻ˲żΪżϲ䡣
һ׵˻ٵ֮ôȲ˻ϡһûϺ̫ȥ
ôⲼżٵ
֮˻ˡҵˣȲҪٵⲼżûѹ
ɡ
Բźмֹ
ΪΣ
಻ⶼҵˣȷʵǸϺ̫ĲżΪʲôԻٵ
żϻǾôˣֻ»Ϻ̫Ҳɢ
Բźüͷû뵽֮ˣȻȱԡԳƵһ˫ˡ
ǽûн䣬϶һ
֮͵˺˲ˣ޴ϲž޴ʧ䡣
ӡ
Ϧ״æǰࡣ
ôأ
˫ʧһԲżô죬Ϊ˽
Ϊʲôأ
ʹĪҪģƽⲼżûа취Ϻû취
ģԲŸæ˵û뵽Լû˵أԼһͨ롣
𣿡
˴˻ȼϣ˵үҪʮˣôʱأҺҺá
ΪЦЩû˸˵ʲô
ԲźҲ˵ˣżԼǰִӻͳǸʡ
εûʲôѪ֮ĶôճŲżȻţЩ˿Ҳû֪
ˡ
ΣԲ˱ʣ³һЩƣӡ
˰ɡ
ԲźнֻĽպ֮Ը˽Բżյ
ˣһɫӣ˵棬˸ɾǲż룬Ҳʱȼգջˡ
ԲŴʦϺ̫ʲôʱأ
żѾջ֮󣬸æʵ
ţѾˡ
Բźб۾˫漴۾Ц˵
𣿡
ˣںȥүﻹҪأ뵽⣬ƽԼļ֮飬̧ͷǰλ󳼡
λ𣿳λ̫ڹԻϺ̫׹֮ŷ׵۵ǻѳֳ˼ѾȻ֪ˡ
λ̫ѹƸһеȻ֮жᡣ
˵Щʱڶ˲Ծ
̫ȵ۵ĵޣҿ˭Ҷҡ
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ĳλ̫ɲ£һ
¡
С̫ûڳɣֱӽλ̫˫۷
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̫Ҫȵ۵ĵޣԱֻ˽£ϴãˣΪܻżճ𣿡
۾֮Ǻ޲ýǰ֮ǧУ᲻ܡ
ô˵Ůүĵĸôýүͻ̫Ϊʡ
ǺǣҾ˵㲻ң󣬾ɱǸλñǰҵĶӵģȡᣬǶԼĸ͵ȥġ
λ̫ҲҪˣһƿڴ
ԽֻԽѡ
Ͻȥ
üͷʾС̫Ͻ˴ߣλǰȻϺ̫Իϲáɲȥ
ôλ̫ǿƵĴǬŴˣɪɪ˺硣
ಢûзº⣬óλ̫ûа취ûа취
ˣ˴ȥͶһ
ϧҪڷô׼Ҹȼʱֻ£ôͳ׶֮ǡ
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ĺˣȻλϧûôʲôûˡ
ģġ
㣿ûвı֮£ǾƾôĲ㡣
Ĵһүˣη鵽ĵģôͨͨүȻҲôġ
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ʹֻһʱϣԺҲˣʹջس
ǰʲôܹ˼õأҪġ˱һ̰Ľ̰֮ˣҪȻҲү
󱾹Ҳûã֪պαص˴ȥ
ɲүˣﻹأ˵ˣԼҶӿʱҲˣҲҪȥġ
ˣӻ֣С̫ǰѹˣͬʱס죬ͳλ̫һ˵ЩĻ
ҪԪʹ㣬ҶɣԺĲˡ
˱ѹˣﳹ׻ˣȻ˲ϲҲĶܾôĿŶﱻ
硣
ɫΪ΢΢ͷֱӹǰ硣
֪ﷸʲô
Ĭһᣬ˵ͷȻ֪Ǭ幬ʱѹˣǶѾ˵ĵλͷԣͲȰ˵
Ҳһ˿˿ĶԱûڼֹȥ
Ȼ֪㻹󱾹ʰӵķϣΪ㻹ͱ˵𣿡
ˣҲүᣬΪꡣʱġ
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ҡ
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ǻʶźϵ̫ࡣ
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ǰ˶ԲźУǳֻҪͳɡ
ҲҪȴָˣʱ򣬻Ͽ˵ˣʹǲҪݵġ
һʹƽʱ˻ҲǲġԶԱֲûʲôСֵġ
л¡
ЦǿԲү񣬿ǽ첻ͬӻҪġ
ʹŰɣ֮˵ʹһֱţ۲أ
ֽλ̫ոλ£⻰û˵ѣ֮ｫȥ˵ˣ϶ʱۻˡ
Ҫǻϸո²ʱԼ͹أ
ֹϿɺã
Ըղŷ飬һֱĬƺʳĵһ仰Ҳʳе⡣

916ʹɷ

ѧʿģһжãֻЩһЩϱᴫλ󳼽
Ц˵ЩҲҪĿ͡ѧʿˡ
΢Ⱦͷˡ
ƺͷûǲܰĲ
λ󳼻гȥڽ
΢Ц˵оЩ뿪
֮˵췢¡Լʹ࣬ǿۻˡ
ⲻʹȥϢ
ʹƲ̩
һƣͷ漴λ󳼵Ŀ£뿪Ǭš
ҲڵүأⲻǴǻֻȴ£⻰ҲͲȥˡ
һ·ļ٣޲øԼһѳ򣬷ɵүǰ
ҲҿǬźͽ̩֮ľ벻ǺԶû߶೤ʱ䡣͵˽̩ǰ
⻹ûߵү޵أ洫˵
ĪҪģӹſҪˡ
ϤĲϤˣչүꡣ
š
һ༤ˣûүˣˡ
˵үˣﻹһЩȷģүൽЩҽȥˡ
Ϊ⼸ҪչүûʱúõʰԼټҹۣʱ࿴Щ㲡
ϵѣǳϢ֮ΪչүŻһȽѣҲˡ
ȻûʲôζǶ˵ԼЩģҲү⡣
ӣˣôſأ
ϴˮ׼ϴ˭֪ſڿ˴㶵ӡֵʵ
ĸһǻһ!
˵תͷҪ뿪ҪȥѣúϴһȻٻױٳүѾϷˣ໹ǽԼүеġ
˭֪⻹ûļתˣڴһ
Ȼүˡ
࣬ΪβԸүأ
һ˿Ͱ͵˼
ǸﻹһЩ£һȥˣͻ
˵ţϣүҪǵСžš
Ŷʲô£үȥҪȻүһȥɺã
үģ˯죬δˣ
òãҿԴĺܺõġ
ڰ֣үǰƵġ
ôأչү졣үȻҲûر𣿡
үһ˿˿ĴȤѹûз֡
ĲҪүѻǺúϢһᣬȥȥ
ɲүţΪ˶үȥԼǴүǻʲôá
Ǻǣʲôӣүûмүġ
үЦô೯Ϧദ˽ʮ꣬ǵС˼ү׵Ĳˡ
ټͬ˵ˣԵʱ²չҲ͵ˣûʱʰԼ
ǶôһˣƽʱһѵĻţһѴ졣
ԼˣôȻôίԼ
ȻҿүүǴȤء
׼˵Լүģû˵ԼȷӦˡ
Ǳү·ˣϺϺ꣬ضúõġ
ҲŻˣֱ̧Ž޵
ү˵һ㡣ʲôʱүûм
ӵǻۡүֱ׵ġ
౻үôһȤòˡ
үȤ㡣Ҳ
үڴϣۿ˽ڼʱүﻮһĨۡ
ˣɫҲãⶼΪչԭ
үȴ˼ݺϡ
ΪŮˡȵ۵ϣһλû뵽Ȼ㲻֪㡣ôʹѾݲˡ
үƽȴʲôûб¶Ϊġ
ʹǷˡĪҪģ޲ȥġ
߽֮ү˫˫֡Լ߶
໹ͦүģ˶˲١촽ˡҪһֱ˸үιˮ촽ҪɵѪˡ
۵Ļû˵ءүȤĻ˵ˡ

917ôô

ǿ²ϵˡڿûǸȥҺ󹬡
ಢûΪүȤĻǰүһۡ
ֻɱĶȥĹ߳⽻̩ѡ
˵ˣүɶһЩϲ֮ˣүȥˣ±Եͷʣˡ
Ϲ˵ʲôأүֻǡֻЩѣͺˡ
үôĻŪβԡﻹôūأ˼˵
ˣҲûбˣүͱˡӹǶôǶ֪ͲҪˡ
ûүմȤ¶Ҫһ֡
Ȼô˵˿ɲô˵Щʱرɫ˳޵
޵߶źţԷʲôԸ
ˣү˵㻹찡󹬶û˸ҸǺ
үڴϣɫЩ԰ס۵׵ĳ֮ɫǲĨȥġ
˯ŵʱ򻹿ͦģɫ󣬺ȣһ֮󣬵Щɫ԰ס
룬Ҳ֪ĺ֢үƵⴲ϶ȹˡ
ߣүͷġ
ߣȴϲġ
үѾ˯ˡδھȥԸˣү
үѵ촽Ե֮⡣
үҲЩ˳Ҳ֮Ϊοˣ֪Ҳ
ţЩ¶ȥɣү
үֲſȻ˯죬үĸоҲһһ۵¶
ܹõ⼸ࡣûϻȻǸʹɾٲѡ
ү֪ǰ֮¶ģȻˣôЩ¶Ͳ֡
һŮ˼Ҿʺϱų谮š֮ˡ
үģҲ뿪ǳȥԸһͻˡ
Цү֡ô֪ܲүأ˵ˣҲʱ뿪ү
⼸ĵܹˣҪүܱܷ硣
С
ΪүˬĴӦ˭֪үŤľǲ֡
ֱӽǽͳˡ
үһСӡҪôҲҪů
ֻǰʱүŻİʱүǾԲһġ
Ǻðɣ
εҡҡͷתͷ޵֮
꣬ꡣ
ūˡ
ææƿ˽
ʲô¶
ȥԸŷһࡣһҪľһġ
໹ǿһҪľһΪү춼ûгԶˣֱӳԴ߿ζصġ
΢еĶСˡʡʺڵү
ǣūͷԸȥ
ͷ漴˳ȥ
ǻʹޡ
Ըȥŷ׼ʱүһֱЦ
رֶϸġֻܴϸоŮϣүɴûио׶Ҳûиоġ
ɲ󹬣ֻүˡүҪúõӡȻһֱңҡ
˳үĻ˵ȥ˫ĸȵģүЩůôүүӦøǻͳ谮
һԶ޲õȥֻһĻôվԽԽԶ
ǲ֪ߡ
үֹ˹Сӡ󹬴Ҳֻ࣬ôҪ谮ˡ
ΪҪ֪ߣҺү󹬵ЩŮһֺֻҲүǻʲô˼أ
ƲƲ졣ΪĲͬүŻϲҲߴӵʲô˵ֻһζΪү롣ôͺ󹬵ЩŮʲô
⻰˵Ĳ
үǳͬĵ˵ͷֻҪһ뵽ͺ󹬵ŮһġүžͿյġ
Ըڵ࣬Ҫʲôʲôֱͬ˵ġ
ҲԸǺЩֶκĻŮˡһôƱˡ
үȵˮɣ
ֱӣүͷĹ϶һˮΪү֮ǰ˯ԭԸ˸һˮ
ʱүιˮȣʹү촽ûиѪֻ΢΢Ƥ˶ѡ
ιң
ү˵ǰˮ룬ȥӡֱ࣬ιԼȡ
Ҳνֱ߶ӣˮΪүȡ
ΪιүˮģûүԶˮˮ
үһˮ֮źү̸¶
ү֮Ѿ췢¶ү˵ˡ
źˮ֮˸ղŵ飬һˣΪҪ˵¶
ţ֪ˡ
ͬʱүµʱҲɫ
ǻΪʵ۵ʱ֪Լλϣ͵ôСģշҹġ
û뵽Ǳ˿ӡ
ô˵ĻֻãһĻʵۡ
˻ôѵһʱЩĴˣǸúúˡ
λ̫ѾƸ󡣻ѾҴˡҾãԶԶֹˡ
ڻ·Ͼ˺ܶࡣȻΪ̫󡣿ڹûʲôȨܹͨһūţҲܸɳִ¶
ԣ϶˺ϺˣӦòǸˡҪȻҲɵȥǬţӡ
Ϊô˵أ
үüͷҲֻ֪֪ѣǬǰ飬үûôյϢġ
ղȥǬţүҲ֪ɣ
үͣҲ˳㽫Ǭǰ飬һһʮ˵үΪȥ⣬ܱһ˺õĶԡ
˵үǸʵۣ۽㣬ܹ㷺һЩ
˼˵˺ͳ̫ıܶ䣿
үüͷɵȻಢû˵󹬵ŮˣүãЩŮ֮⣬벻ͨʲôҪ֡
ҿû˵󹬵ЩŮˡ
ƲƲ죬û˵⻰ﻰ˼ָź󹬵Ů
û˵ǽүһ飬˭ȢôŮˣںˣһĶҪ
ҪڣүСͶˡղŻ˵ȥҺ󹬣С˼ȥ޻ء
ϣôôأ
ү۾ЦӣǵһμΪôأ
ʲôᣬϽ˵أ
үĴ֣㣬һûдһ찲Ĳ
ˣˣֻ¶β͵ġ
үοС֣һ棬ү˵ԼģΪûʲ¡
ֻڵȰˣʱٺúõĴ£˳㽫ʹĪҪһЩ˵
ðɣүôģҲʲô⡣
νİڰ֣үȻˣô»ǽרĺãԼ͸ûȥúõ˯˯ݾƤ
ӣˡ
̸ŽͶһСˡ
ǰ˵ģú
˹ɣ
ͷʾ꽫˹
࣬һһιүС룬Ͳүڳˡ
үŸѣθأٳԵ㣬һϢ£ٳԵ㡣
ཫʣµֽꡣС඼ֲ϶ԵĶ࣬үҲԼ״ԶҲû˵ʲô
ڶӻǺܶͣ
֮үɻشˣҲôү֪үٴ˯֮
ϾүǱԺ׷Ҳġ
ү˯Ժ뿪Ҫү˯ʱȥ³
⺢Ҳ֪ôˣ֪Լһϸĸס
Լһĸס
һڻ·ϡ
ôԲŴʦأ
ÿղǬ֮ûмԲźˡ
Ҳ֪ȥˡ
׼үʶʶԺٳƵ飬ҲԲźаæ
˵ˡ
ϦشǺһȥǬţԶͦ˽ġ
ֹ˵ʱ򣬾ԲŴʦĵ뿪ˡʱϦҲΪܹأͽ¸ˣǲѵĻ벻
ˣ
ಢ⣬ֵõ˴еĲȨƺǮ˼ֻԵ֣ԵĻô־
ûԵ֣Ǹɽɽ˼Ҳῴһ۵ġ
ڵ֪ԲžȻү֮뿪ˣʾһ㶼ȡ
Ȼ뿪˾뿪ˣĪҪȥˡ
൭ĳŲȴûͣ
ǡ
ϦͷȻף˾˻ϲӦҪ𣬾ǸУֻҪϿڣҪһضӦģϦȻô룬ȴû˵ʲô

918ֹһ

ȥ֮³ѾˣΪ˲ûȥţѯ˹ŮһЩ³
֪һжãһӾǶµۡ
໹ҵɣţٸϢȥ³
ɣžȻԹԵĴӦˣΪү³̳£ɣյٵĴ̼Ҳѧ᳤ˡ
ǸϲСŮˡ֪չ˸磬Ŷչ˻ʰꡣ
ȻˡôȻҪϴһȻϢһȥ̩չү
Ϊ̫ûкúõϢˣһֱ˯ϡ
ʱүȴľˣ۾յģֻūš
Щʧ䡣үû˶Ƣƽ
ʹȥˣ
Ϊ˽⣬ǲƽ޹ʵġ
ػϣʹˣ˵ǵĴ󰢸ƣȥ
һߵɫȻıȽ磬ʹȥһʱˣҲû˰ɣ
ţ󰢸Ͷôˣ
үޱİ뿿ڴȻ˵ˣ³ôġ
ǿͷѪһһʮĺȡġǵж۰
˵жƭ˵ġүǿۻˡ
󰢸۵һˣȶҪĵġ
֪ΪĺӣҪүĳӡ
Ӻ͵Ǳ׸ģİǸүͶ˺ú뷨ֻİԺһңүͳɡ
³Ͳͬˣүİڴȫ³ϣӣүȫŽӰ˵ķġ
·֮үȷ̫ӵѡ
³Īˣ̫ӵĲ񣬲ھУҲٹꡣ
үһʥּȻ񸮣ԷԼʲô⡣
ͱΣԼûоȻôĸӼ鷳ˡ
ʥּĸӵıֻҪԼһްţʥּЧ³Ϊ֮һʵۡ
ػϣ󰢸Ͷް̫ҽ˵Ѹ¾Ȭ
վүĴ߶֪ү϶Ҫܶ¶Ҫ߷Ըȥ
ʶȤһվ÷ʻ
ţȥ̫ҽԺһЩһĲҩٹȥ˳ȥ̫ҽԺ̫ҽҪô󰢸磬ȱ
ү³Ͷº֢ҪȻֹൣģҲʳѰġϾΪŵµġ
ǣūȥ
׼˳޵ȴү

ү治ɫı顣
ûүҲ˷Լ沿顣
Ͽɻ¶
صүߡ
ȥƸūŶ޹ؽ˾ȥ˾ܹܣʲôֻҪĽ
ÿ˶Ѫȵһ棬үȻҲ⡣ΪʵۣԼٶ༸
ҪǵòԼҪ֪Ĵ𰸡ôЩ˵·ֻһ죬Ǿá
ǡ
ͷȴûżߡΪûϿ϶¶ҪԸʱһȥˣʡһܡ
վү߶óʱ䡣үʲô
ţҪԼ˵ˡ⻹ûתˣҾֿˡ
ֻβޱ顣ķŭ
Ĺ㻹վʲôϽȥ׽ˡ
үӡ⹷ǲɵˣȻԼĻһ㷴ӦûС
ūȥ
үôһ𣬶ʱŵĻ궼ˡү˯ûкͻȻүôһ𣬻еֲӦġ
ߡ
ߺүһ漴ְڴϣŴ߶
Ҫµ߶ѡֻĵⴲϡϣ˵˵
үĵ֡û೤ʱ㽫ƸĴССūȫˡϡ
ΪˣүҪԼء
ߵūţһЩӲģ˵ʵ֮¡ضԸ⿪ڡ
һ˿ڣһŽʵ˺һƿڡֻԽԽԽԽʰ
Ծ̩֮ʱҲϢ
ӣǰһŮ̫µġ
ϣүǸڡѾˡ
һˡֻһССĩȹŮôܽӴأ
Ļ֮ͷҪõү̫ĶƾһСŮģ˰
ʹǡ̫赹ֻһССŮġ˾ʵ£ƺںͽйϵ
漴ͷϵ˻Ϻ󹬵Ůˡһʼ񲢲ֱ˵
Ȼ໰˵ˣôҲʵȫү˵ˡ
ڣڣðԻ
үǸԼŮ˺ıҪԼŮ˲ϲġϻԼģүᷣҪ׶˺Ů˵˼
ߣүοǳԼŮ˵ĿˣԺҪҪѡ㡣
۾ƲүһۡĲȥȥҧүڲŽޡ
ʲôŮ˲Ů˵ģүŮֻһүԱ𣿡
үһҪϽֺࡣʡĵʱһֱԼǾͲˡ
ѡȻҪģϾĹء
ү˵˵Щʱһֱ顣һ˦Լһ뿪ˡ
ôүѡ㣬ٸѡ˳ڡȻٸһ䲻ɡ
γ׵ǺԼڹŹһ⣬ʡ˵ʲôĹءһЩƨء
үǸ˼
үˇ壬ʲôʱ˵Լѡ˳ˡֻ˵ѡɾСڵĹزܲء
ʲô˼
಻үͣ׷ʵ
үԲѡˡǻҵ磬үǣҪѡ
үͰ͵ĽͣԼһŮ˾ͳˣĶӣлİǣҲҪѡѡոรġ
⻹ࡣ
üͷүգ۾
Թү׼ô죿
ֻòйϵûѾȷˣԻֱӴΪûɰ
ô죬˸үүˣǼȻܹĳͲү𡣡
ү۾ﲻҪŮˣ治ôʹ
Щ˲ǱŽүûа취ôɲǵˡ
㲻ǣǺͳλ̫⣬Ͼи磬ǽںڣûжŮΪʲô˻ˮأ

919

ү⽻̩˵ŻأڵĹڹĹսǵطӰ֮ڷֲûע֮һͷС˵
˵ˣ²ǣϽң÷ӽһҪúüƻ£бҪʱ򣬽һжСϡ
СŮŻŵ˵֮󣬻ԼһۣԷ̸
֪ˣӣԲκιϵġ
СŮĹŮǽߵŮӡ
ʵǽڵĸ磬ڵĹɽ
ڽںıүҲǽҵ⡣
𿴽ֻһɣҰȴС
ֻҰĲһһ졣
֣һϸµ̬
Ҳ֪ڹǲܳġǽҪΪġͱ·
˺Ϻĵ·¾ĻҲܵһ󳼡
ǲھȻʧˡѽԻϵ˽⡣϶鵽ϵġôǽҾӦͽƲϵ
ʧһŮܱȫҸǿɣЩ˵ȱľŮˡһУôǻ͵ڶġ
ҲΪʲôڻԸԼĻү֡ûг谮ûλݣֻĸҡ
Ļôľʲôϣûˡ
Ҳû뵽Լľļ壬Ȼʱˡ
ҪĹŮȫϡЩǽ֪˿»ĺѡ
ʱĽڲ֪ЩֻܱһĽϣҪ鵽ĸǰ
벻ŮѾ
ӽ£Ϊˡ
ŮСޣʵҲǽŽġΪ˾̽һϢ
Ϊʱܳүλ󳼸ﰲߣôλҲڻʹﰲߡЩž˵ġ
үҲЩֻЩû̫Ĵ¶֮⣬үǲ׷¶ġ
ӴǼõģȻʧ
һĨɫĲүЩŮҲȵϡ
ǷȴûүĴΪĵѾһˡ
ҲΪŻԸͽһүĺԺ
ӽ˵Ķԣǲͬģӻ˵ˣ¹֮󣬾Ͱŷӽظźأ
С˵һĨȴܺõȥûбӷκα仯
ģô˵
ƲסԼĵĸˣһѾ˺þãھˡ
ҲڿԳҡֻ֣տӾͿˡ
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Ϊ£ΪԼܹ˻ʹСŮӻūܹأӿ档
ˣ֪ȥתӣһĺúõġͼﳶϹϵġ
ڻڻԼ֮ûзԼСһϷӿ
ɲڵΪɲ͸˼һϷ
ǣӽģ⻰һתӡ
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ʱ򣬲ﴫڵĺ
Снأȥɣ
С޼״°ָָڲķ
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ӵͷߵſڵʱ򣬻ͣһ£ôڽ¡
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֮ţҲֻΪһûõūŶѡ
뵽⣬СһЦ漴ת뿪ˡԷӶӵں¾û׵ġСûʲôĵġ
ʱ޵ҷȷʵҪԼ취⡣
ǽô찡λ̫ѾˣҲˣҲʹˡǳ鵽ϵġ
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βͬˣ߱ҪĸһֱŲͿ¡
СĪҪģⲻǲֻǣأ˵ˣûж֣͵ͷڸϺ̫䡣ֻһ֪ѡ
ţֻнڵСôҲܷ
˼ýڣһе鶼ϡ
˼ǣժǣȥ
ڰͷĻζһ·ӵĻҲǲԣֻпܱ
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ˡ
ڵʹüۣⲻĺɹ˼ôˡ
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С롣
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һ΢΢𴽽ǣԼʲô֪
֪ҹȥʲô¶
ĵطʱȱˣ۾ȴʲô֪ˣ۾ǲģҵأ
ϣūžͲ֪ˣڻȥʲô£Ҳֻл֪
С죬ȷʵмģװأǲ֪һٻǰܲװȥ
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ںһǰһĽ̩˽ȥ֮󣬽ԵͷԼ¶
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⻰һ仰˵Լһ¶ˡ
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֮ɫ֪ºйϵ»Ļᱻƭأ
ȷʵӣЩҪϵˣɾûôˡ
˵ŵͷȥ
λ̫ѾȫˣԼ˵أǱڸǶأ
಻óԼ֣ϸԼò˵ָס
ָױȽӲ׶ϡϲָףƽʱɶǾĺǻء
⼸Ϊ˷չүǽֵָ׶ˡϵָˡ
ʵڲףʹ˵ʲôأıǿĴоŸԴ°
ڲֽšɾڽǰ򶨡
״̲סڹƣʣһִˣò
ȫΣң඼˵Լôá
ǲˣôǲ֪Ů˵¶Եģ˵ǶԵġ
̧ͷһԵϣһݹʣ˫ֽǡ
Ҳڵ˿õǿ
ֻŮ֮£ôģôھԼԳܵס˾ļ̷
ཫջ΢ЦĿڡװģôҪװʲôʱ
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ᣬһ˿ĺ¡ֻǲȥϵġ˾ֻ·һ
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ϰȥʱ򣬽ֻôˡҵֻˣҲ͵ˣûֹߨq(sŨt)rȻҾôһ죨椵ǿĻˣĸף˶Ҫƨˣ
һǴ壬ȸ£ԺʱᲹġ

920ᣨһ

Ҫڵ滰Ȼһ˾ɼּĻôһкɱе
üͷͲˡһŹ˵˾Щ̷ߵùһ⡣
ȻûмЩ̷ֵֶΡǵЩŮ̸˲١Щ̷ֽǴʧɫ
ţЩ̷ֶԴЩȥ˾˾Բ
Ĳ˵Ļô಻⽫ͽ˾һ⣿
ϣΪǻϵôȥ˾ֵطأⲻڴ𣿡
Ҳ֪Լȥ˾ҪȻ϶סʱ򻹲Ƕˡ
ĿתһһֱĬүϡ
ﱧһ˿˿ĽңǻϵŮˣ˾ǾǹĴ˻ϵ
ϿϵģȻԼŮˡ
ȴˣүӣ͸ֱȥ˾Ļôࡣ
޾˵ûʹôĽȥ˾ʵǲס
үĿĿڣȻүɫ԰ףĲ̬߷緶һ㶼ûм١
⻰һϲ⡣û뵽Ҳͬ˵˵ĸ˻Ըñ˴ԼŮأοǵµĻϡǲῴŮԼǰָֻš
ǹʹֻǾûʹôס
ڵͷΪʹжôܳ谡ڹŴʵҲˡŴˣĿ»Լɣ
ʲô谮谮ģһ漰Լ⡣ǻ˵ôࡣ
Ϊ൹ʲôû˵һ˫۾ϷʵĶԼǰڡ
үô˵ڻôѽ治֪˵أǸ˵ɵأ
ȻϾóôףô檻̻ϣ檸ôأ
˳سүͷһ֪͸ĵӡ
޾أֱͽ˾ˣǻʱ¡
үһ䡣Ҳںͽ˲ɫ
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ʹüۡﾫһ
ôˣλڽ˾Ҫ˾ʳ滰ʲô̷ϣǱҪס˵
νľƲԳԷơǵද֣ǲſϺúõһһ
ʹūȫС
Щղ˵±߶С̫࣬ûü뿪ء
ͼߵСڵϣġ
ЩӶȥʻˣūŵôѵأܵǻҪء
СúúõģľΪĴᡣ
Ŷ߶ҲиʶȤġ
üйȻǺõġҲϲ֡Ƿǵñ֣ôҲû취
ˣںݺݵصС
С˵ʲôʲôййģĪҪ˱˵ĺôӡ
ʾСĪҪ˵ʱˣˣСô˵˱˵ʾ⡣
СҲǱ˵ûϦһĴŮֻ밲ƽƽĴʮ꣬Ȼٳס
ǾôһССԸȴΪڶһۣĵģҪԼ֪ȫ˵ܹסԼһȵ
ūû˵ūǰͷȰСĪҪǻʹ
СûūŵġκͨҪ˻ʹ
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ͷҡ
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ûнӽ߶أͱ˸
үģŮ˽ӽ߶һǵ⵽ϵĳ𲻿ɡ
Ϊ˱һĽŮĺá
Ŷ˵С㡣ôʣΪҪ㣿ôȥأ
Ȼ಻С˵лǲЩʵԡ

һʱΪСźⷽȷʵλҲûκο˵ġ
ֻܾܲô˰ɡ
ô˵ôǻСô˵ɣ
ȫǲΪͽĿתԶСϡ
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Ϊʲô᲻أӦӵġΪʲôʷΪıˣȴû취ıʷأ
ôһͨĻҲֻΪǷԷûзϡ
ȴȥˡһ˿˽⡣Ϊʲôô顣
ͬһط֪ʷ
ΪĳѾıʷĹ켣ȴҪŤ졣
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ͳλ̫ŸıĿǰ״̬עˣɹġ
𣿡
վһһߵڸǰ
״ǰȥ࣬ȴֹˡ
˾үĿҲĸϣʲô嶯ľٶ
˵ûұþͲӦó֣ǣȻ㶼ԴĸطΪʲôҾͲأ
֪ģ֪ͬκվһߣעЩ¶Ƕûõġ
˵ЩʱѾڵĶߡ
ЩҲֻ˸ţûȫȴһֲ
ȵĿ࣬д˲˼顣
ԺһʵģȻȴЦˡ
ֲãֲãҹǸĵģΪҹأ
ˡС˵֮вǳдԽŮÿΣյʱ򣬶ƽ¡

921ᣨ

ǰΪԼǴԽŮֻûеⷢʱ
û뵽ŪˣŮǰˡֲʲôǺõġ
Ƿ̡
ᵽˡ˵ġ褣
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ӱΪֻǴ˽Ǿˣû뵽ǣ˽ҡ
ӴӦˣܰ£ôлظˡ
ֻС¶ȫϡǣһ˿һ
˵ʲôأ
ڲ˼תͷԼ󷽵ķӡ
Сͳ˰ɡԼ̰Ľ٣ҪıϡүūſɶȰСģСȴһС
ϽūſɲýСһû˰
۵֮ɫʱ˿ýڲҪڴȥˣԲŻ
ǣǺǣˡһ˽е
ֻҵŮΪΰŽң֪ǸôġȴҪұǣΪΰ
Щ̲סΨһ֪ҵ˿סܹ׽ֻзˣû뵽һʱˣӾȻ
ūŲ֪ΪСɴ˲ţū֪ɴ˿ɲһεȰ˵Сˡɴ˿С׸磬ôẦСأ
һĲ˼飬ͺǰ֮˲ʶǸڡ
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ûзξٷģǾ̩¡ֵʱξٷΪţӲɵ©˳űտˡ

922ᣨ

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ү͸û˻ƵģҪʲô͸ʲô˵ͳ

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˵ʲôⲻȫڹﰲȫʱͻ˹ȥ
ǸɣűСѵͰȫˣү˵ɣųǴŲٵǰԼһ԰أ
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⣨̫ѡ1ǧ֣

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⣨̫ѡ26000

ֽӹǿһۣϵŮӣòǶôƯ㡣
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üȷʵ֪¼ϲЩ֮Ķ֪¼ϻһЩֽŹ
һ˵ڴŮ֮Ҳ޼ġ
û¶ˣϲСŮ˵Щ
˼ЦЦڹʱˡû¶ϲЩСϢ
ⲻҪ˵˭ԹЩټС˽⡣ôҪĪˡ
檻˵ˡ¼ԸЩ뺷
˵ƲƲ죬Ļ飬պá
Ŷô뺷ˡ
뺷ȤŴŮӱ뺷ġĹŴŮӶģҲĻ˼һ
ûмǸ뺷ˡ
ǲ֪ɣ¼ƢãǵˣеŮһ١
ǸЩֵܽÿûٰᡣ
˵Щ⻹Ǳ뺷أһӣҲ֪¼ѡһô̳Ůġ
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Ҳ֪үôģЩŮĵϸôùˣǽ֪
ѡ¼ϣô³ĺԺﻹܰ
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εЦЦ˭֪¼ϵǸʲôأǻǹŪġ
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ʾĻù
ǻť»֮Ůʮꡣ
ཫĻչϡ˶Կõ
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ͷͦŮӵģòԸҲãҪļҲ
մңԶŮӣ⼫ˣŮܸԼĶ޵ĻǸ˵Ĳˡ
ť»ϣ˵ĲھҲ쵱ģ˵ʲô黭ͨ
ҲûŮӲõҲûôۡ
ŶǺã꽫һŵɡ
ָָŵӡżǻܷµġ
үŮĻѾʣµŷ˵ǰ
ߵǸ졤ƹܶαŮҲʮꡣ
м̫̫ɶصŮʮꡣ
ұߵǱ֮Ůʮꡣ
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˵ǣƳͿԴ̫үɲҪЩ
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̫үͬ˼иܳĶһʹ¼谮̫үģôѡȨ̫үҲ
š˵û⼸ŮҲǰμģǸ̫үͿ̫үϲǸˣʱ֮󣬷Ҳܹɪ𣿡
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ˣȥ̫үɵÿˣ̫үһˡ
֣ȥ̫ӹڵ³Ѿȥ鷿ˣѾʼүˡ
ҪҲܼ򵥣ֱȥĵͳɣ׼үۡ
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⵽Ū³֪ôˣЩͶ˵ǲ
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ڣҲһһĺáûȵġ
ⲻǿܱȥĵ´Żʰ̵ܵǡųˡ
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ŮϲĸЩʰΪѡ̫ѡҪһˣԼѡѡĸʡ
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⺢ʲôãæ֪ͣҪô󳼿ʲôãʲô¶û̫ˣǸɳԷɰ
ıԹšţ³үˣôү϶иʱϢˡ
أǡǡ෴үû³Ҳæģ밲֮⣬Ӱ
ǧô롣̫үæźãеЩǣŲ塣
ԼĶ³һæءǣǸӾֻ֪ԣ̫үԡ
һ𳤴ģӰ룬˵ڰɣҲһ𣬿أһڴ¶һؾֻԳԺȺȵģôһ𳤴󣬶ȴôأ˵˲ˡ
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죬γ֪еĵأֻǾϱԹԹѡ
˵ɫҲˣûȥˣҲĻȥЪŰɡܸˣűȥǼŮ
಻³Щ¶ЩˣǻȥϢһᣬĺá
һҲЪţǸ˵ġ
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лһ
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ǰϢǻͨģȻɣŵİ֪Щ£ôȻҲ֪
ػʹūŲ֪
Ϊ棬࿴ı顣
ܸܵ廰ƺĳ˵˼ʹ಻ɵüͷ
ô᲻֪أǰǻͨϢ𣿡
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˵Щʱ򣬺ڲµüͷܼӡǰòŷġ𱣻İͻȻͲڴϢˣǲû˻ʧ١
ǳϢ֮⣬춯ǻվɻᴫġ
Ҳо˲Ծ⻹ûüȥѡ
Ǻãȥ߶Щͷѯʡ
Լĸоܾøɣ¶Լ¶ͬСɡ
ǲԼŮֻˡ
ūȥ
ͷʹȲʲô¶ôȥߵİҲü
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վ׼뿪ʱͻȻе
߰ʱĪҪš
ɲϣɣ֪Լ¶ԻСһá
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˵Ժ󣬾뿪ˡ

⣨̫ѡ36000

֮ಢûȥϢôĬĬϡ
ķ˯žﲻ̤ʵ
ЩǶǾѵġһʱͻˣͬʱһ
ΪɣžүƶŸ˸ɣţ
ǰľǻһǻƶӵĶӳ
˵˵Ϊʲôȥȥʲô
ֱǰˡһһͬһºڲ档
ôˣ඼ûмòÿζúڲ
Ϊʹū˵ȥ
һЩԥȻǹİˡǵǻϡһرĳ谮ʹǵЩ¶ʹ֪ԻʹһЩԥ
˵ǹ׶Ƿĵ˵Ҳù֪ġ
֪Щ춼رӲġһɣ˵ôǶȻǲ˵ġ
Ҳûа취˿ǵ졣ôʱҪҵˣʱү֪ɣܡ
ǡʹǲҪΪūˡ
һɲΪ״ֻʹɱء
㻹ڱ˵ôֻϹˡ
ȫֻŻŻһүĻô϶˿һ졣
һһҲףҵʱΪ˵ǵġ
һѡ˵ˣֽסһᱻ֪ģүֻǻʹһˣ֪ʱ뷨ӣֵ˾֪ôͲˡ
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һ㵹ЩԽܡȻʱ˴Ů˺ܶ꣬Ǻܳ£˼һʵ۶ʮ˻أͱʷϵǬ¡үǿһµûзүϡ
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വŷ硣˯ʱ򣬸ɣڻˡ
ףô˯Ժ
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۾ľ⸱ģĸɣţüͷ漴ֹ촽
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ҵָоԼĽεĹӡ
ҲܲܽɣԼ߶ҪԼġ
ųˣʮˣŮʮ궼Ѿˡʮˣ֮ˣ
̲ס˳ֻ仰һڣ㿴˸ɣ˲ӵĺϼ
ĸɣţ֪ԼǶԵġɣԼϲˡҪȻҲ¶ʱ
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ǿԺūŲһҲǱһ㹬Ůܸôһ㣬ҲźӷµūŶѡ
ҪǸĸӲˣǿܼȥ˵ġ
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˵ЩпǸʱҺǵһͽүԺġ
ǸʱҲûʲôʺʲôϣϣϵġ
Ǻùһ㣬Ȼ½½Ů˽ǸʱһСҲҹĶԸԼ
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֮ôŬǲ֮󡣡
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ǼŮҪ޸ʲô󸻴֮ˡΪǴе˼ңеλ˼ҡûˣȸɣŵĵλΪˡ
Ůȥʰ˵˵û¡ʰĻˡȥ˵ʰ궨Ȼͬġ
ɣס䣬ҡҰڵ
㶼ʮˣŶ˵ˡƽʱ㳯ʰҪϵʰҲ취ժһʰˣ
ίıı졣ҪүĻˣôҲһ굽ͷ˻ʹһΡ
˿ȸһȦ˵󹬵Ҳ̹ʱҲ߶
ʰС۶¶˻ʹ֮ûˣԲŴֹġ
Ϊ˵ԼҶȥȰʰ꣬ɣǿǲڻʰ걳˵ġ

⣨̫ѡ4

ǽͷݣζٻξͱˡ
ʳָڸɣŵĶͷʹһŮʲô˼֪ܲ
ŮҲˣ׵ʱˣүᣬıı
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Ը޸ԼģҲҪ޸ԼġǸȰˣôעҡ
ģϲҵġ
ɣŲ֪ڻϲϲԼûϲԼ
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ԼںЩһԼ˵ۣͻΪѾһѡˡ
ôȫǵ̬ǸôӵġȻϣǶúõġ
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ǰ̫ԲǱǿӲſ̫үúԺң̫үİôǰ֮¡

⣨ѡ1

ĳԶ룬Բ뵽ȥ
ôеѡ˭
Ȼ¼ϣ֪ԼѾһѡˡ
ƹܶŮϡ
һ˿˵⼸֡
Ϻ͸ʺûʲôϵֻ˶ոѣ˵ƺӸϵԶԶֶŮȻԶƼҲǱأ
ϿϵʱѾȷ̫Īˡ
ϲׯ󷽣ʶˣ˼ܿɹ
Ҫ˵ô֪Щģ⻹԰ﰵй۲ġ
ʱ԰ĵһ˾ϡ
ǿʱ򣬲˵жôĺãŮ
˵ҲеˣӦԼ·
֪Լм֣ȴûж֣Ů
һԼƲ˸ϵпһ˫ԼⳡѡռϷ硣
ȻڸôЩмһˣЩµʱܹ˼ǰδѣռλãôĿ࿴
԰ͻᣬɲǺЩŮǺ󹬵ֻȫԼΪⳡͻߣô˲ɫĻʺѡ
⼸ŮҲֻˣ˲ֺ࣬ôԼ˴үأ
ô֪ΪվڰЩ˼֪˸˾Ųʮ
Դү˼Щˣֱڵʱ͸ȥˣһЩģҰĵղรģร
ϣҲˣǵһμ棬ŮŮôܳΪ̫ء
Լѡ̫һѡĵԸֱˬˣͱ¼ϡ
˭֪ȻѡһŮӡ
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һ·߹ģȵ۵Ļʺȷ顣Щİ
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ϵʲô˼ģžЩֶζѣ˵ˣʱҽ͹ȥ죬ҾͲˣƤӵ³۶ӡ
ǽ̶̵ļ̸ܿ㲻ʲôӣҲ֮£ҲССһ¡
Ҫū𣿡
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ŶūףҪūŹȥ̫ĪҪ£
֣ǰˣݵλһЩ͢үСҸɫȥһ빬̫Ҳġ

һָüͷ
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ΣΪ̫Ӳѡ֪Լѡĸ˲źʡ
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ԽԽÿУ̫ӺԺλģҲؾˡ
ӡĪˣ̫үǿλģ¼ϺСһ̫ͬү
뵽⣬͸Ͻͷࡣ
˵ˣҲˣСȻСԱǺ¼Ϲϵ˽̫ӺԺ໥ӦţǺܺá
˵Ӹոպûһһգõѡˡ
ϣûӣȥ˸ȥ˵˵ҵ˼
͵ԽζĻԽе˼ھȥү
ʱѡֱ֮ӹͳɣҲһ׮¡
ЩҲǰ㣬˳Ĺѡ㡣
ڻڣҲѡӣʮ֮õӣԣȻЩִ٣Ǹ׼ĶѾ׼ˡ
ڲӵһЩЩ˼ȢӶԣһ㣬ǲ̫ǰ档
ʮһζ³ĴҲھУм䵫ûʲôڹеģ˵۵Ҳֻ࣬Ҫڶ̫Ϳˡ
³֮ձɣŴȥү˵£ΣֻӲͷƤȥ
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ү˵һү߶ôôİأ
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š
үָ಻ĳү̧°ͣüŭ
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вүôܲϣֻ͵ջָ֡
ˣвŮ
Ϊÿĸүʱ򲻺ƽϡ
ǽѡƵġҲ֪ˣĸӵİÿһӶоˡһ֮󣬱ᰴ˳һ
˵ˣôͻΪ壬ԴơʱƶӾͻȱˣȻٴӱѡİвͿˡ
ÿʱûиߡҪүǵƺþòɡ
ƶү涨ģôһͣҲ˸š
˵Ǵӱѡвģ˲Żġ
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ү˵߻᲻ϲţ
룬ϱ˳Ҫǻ߶ҲͶϵĻǸöðϣԼŮ޸ЩУΪЩĹضҪ
ǼǽųġڹﶼôŹҪǼ޸Щñ
Իһûġʱ֮үھŪһȻסȥžûκˣڣõġ
ֻҪһ뵽;ûʺϵѡ
ôܲϲǴ񲻽Ưү۰ģһķݶûˡ
үƲƲ졣үıŮõģеӶ䲻ϵġֻһ˲ŹȢŮ
ǴĻʵ۾ֻԼһүҪԼŮúõڹСȻϸϸѡ
û뵽ȻһԼôĴײˡ˵үܲ
ں˵ϲϲɣŵ⡣˵䲻ϣүͬͬ⡣
㣬үƫˡүûĵһۡ
ү˵ˡʮ߼һҲ䲻үĸүͬ⡣
Ƽүһۣǳ
ôֵֹԼˣԼƫ˻ǹˡ
үͬ¶Ҳû
ǳͬĵ˵ͷǴɣ˵顣
׼ػսһһ߽үڵִ
үڵ뷨ǿ϶ô˵Ӧģ취ܺүӲġ
ҪȻ׼컵¶ġ
֪ûȻͬ˵飬ⲻ𡣡
үǳͬԼ˵һ
ΪҪǺӲĵĻôүҲû취໹ͦǵġ
ү͵ҽû⡣
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೯үüͲүҽȥ
ôˣүĸһӲˣүҲޱȡ
ү֧֧Ե㡣
ǿôүҲǸɣĲˣôпܳΪǣ෹Ļ⡣
үȻҲԼŮۡ
үô˵϶ҲõҲԸҵŮô¹µһ⡣үŻһݣһ˻ߵֵܽöǳ˫ɶԵģүϲ
һϣûоһĻôǲġ
ỹǿҲֱĸܡǸ÷ſ֣ҪøɣųΪĽ˿ȸ
ǵȻˡ
ּ磬ү⹬ûĻүԼûκε塣
ʱҲʼĻλ˼Ѿһ΢΢ҡ
үŮֻдӡһ䲻ϡ
ү˵ĻɾһûʸӭȢıŮ
ôҲܸ˭𣿡
ʱоԼϵүˣ⻰˵޲ȥӡ
Ȼүˡ
үЩ⡣
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඼ҪƲסԼ֣үա
һֱѹţĬĬ˵ţҪ嶯Ҫ嶯
ҲԣҲвٵĴ壬ǵļͱүŮôһ㣬ҲǿΪһҪѡأ
ү˶ΣмвѧҲ٣ȻȲҲܹǿǿģﵽԼı׼
ء
үǲϲҵˣȻ뽫ȥ߯Щ棬ÿҪȥĸ밲Ҫź򹫹š
ĴС¶ٳ֣Щ˵ˣʱǶǸСʲôġⶼȥһ뵽ۣ
ү˵֮ۡ͡һһ߶Ĩᣬһ߻ү߿ࡣ
Ůˣ֪ЩĹܽ˸Ʒ費ɡ
ŵʱôܵأֻὫ뵽иõѡ
ϣޣǲŮ޸ǣǾͲѡǾֵ޵ôĵ𣿡
۴ޣү֮ľǱŤһƵġæߵ߶һűһᡣ
ղŻúõģô˵޾Ϳأ仯ǲеѽ
أáҲίŮ𣿡
Ŀˡ޵رģ㱻үοţһʱҲû취ͣ
ˣˣίί˵˵ŮҸôķҡ
үҲΣⶼʮüˣϾʮˡôͿˡ
ҪּûʲôˣûôأҪ۰ŵģʲôġҪģҪүĹ˵һͲ۸Ǽˡ
ཫԼеŮҪͨͨү
˵˵ȥ˵Ǹ
үǳʲôûм͹¶һˣҶûУļʲôĹ˵һ˵ĻǲᷴģǴ⣬ԼŮһʲôûеˣ
𣿡
ɻգգۡ
ͦʵŶ
ϲΪ߱ͺĲ
࣬ȷŮߣǸڰӰӣʲôûУŮԿ
ү˵˵ȥǲɣŸŻ߳Կࡣ޸ЩˣѾūźš
Ǽ޸߾ͲһˣҰִеΣյġҪ߳ˣҪô찡

⣨ѡ2

үΪʲô뷨أ
ԼүĿԡ
ĹмҪˡ֮ô϶ھһʱūź
үİΣյôҲΣա
ôļ򵥣֪ΪʲôүȴŪôӵġ
ô롣
үüͷôҲǲԡֻﻹе㲻
Ȼˣѵүͬ𣿡
˵žѾ׼˴޵ơүݵģҲƢġ
ˣ͹߻вүүӦ㻹𣿡
үΣôڵ͸Сһ˵޾Ϳޣ˵ûоܾ
Ǻãǻ鷳үȥ˵ˣͻȥš
ಢûоԼﲻԾǰǸࡣ
仰˵֮󣬱һѻӿүĲŻףͷҲŤľ뿪ˡ
һĻүĿɿڴģҲ̫˰ɣҲӦñ˵
ȥӰүԼģǲܡ
ֻεҡҡͷ
Ҫľǽ߸ймԴҵԼŮѯԼŮ뷨
үԼǿడȻһŮԼ˵ʲôʵ̫ˡ
߸޴
үſһҶɫѵҶЩɫˣ
ǡ
֮дһͳ㲻κ춯
ֱԼʱ֮ĵĴмͻȻһӰӰȴֱֱĹүǰ
ӡ
һӺӰǸ˹
ӣ㻹֪ӡʵڴ󵨡
үڿߵʱеƲסԼƢѾ˵ǻǲġ
߼үҲֱֱĹţΪҲ֪Ҫô˵
ȥ㾹ȻҶ޵Ĺ˼޿Դ׼ˡ
ү˵ҲͰˣһԽ˵ԽԽԽ˵
ū֪֦ҶūžʮҲҶԹ˼
ɲģȴԱĽʱʱ̿ûԼֻһūŶѡһ˵ūţ䲻ϱĹ
ˣѵ޵Ĺ˲㾹Ȼûа˼ڸ
˵֮û뵽үŭˡ
⵹û˵˼Ҳɡ˵˼Ҳɣǲ֪׼ô˵⡣
ūŲ˼ݸ߹ū֪䲻ϣ˲˼
ģԼô˵Ҳǵûϲ⡣
ߣСӴ
үôô˳ۣ˶ϾҪıŮܿ˳ǲŹˡ
;˵ˣ㡣޴Ϊָ顣
үûѯʻ߶Ըɣʲô˼ΪŮܼ޸һĸүԼûҪѯʣҲֻ֪ͨѡ
ūŲҸʡūֻһ˵İûа취Ҫ˼
˵Щʱ򣬶ҧ˵ġǳˣΪԼϲ˹
ô㵽޵Ĺ䲻ˡ
үö˵Ƣ߼仰ָ
ıŮûԼıŮˡǲ֪ôĽ
ūŲǸ˼ūֻԺڡ
ǳĿɬϲǸŹֵĸӱѡﱻѡ֮һֱб
͹һʱ䲻̣Ӹտʼְ𣬵ʱʱ̵̿Ĳ뿪֪Լסһˡ
ĽļˣܣΪǸȴ֪ԼһֱվԼ
߳ڰǸŮЦ֣ⶼǶġ
֪Ϊʲôͺ档ӣû߲Լֻһ
ڻ֪ˣҲߣЦ֣ˡ
ЩԺ»Ǳ˵İɡ뵽ߵľ;ۡ
ߣѾͷҪǺھͺˡ
үĺһԼŮܲףһӣִֵҪһ϶˾ڸġ
ҪǸɣܹڣүƵðݵصĸлˡ
޵ĸˣ޲ôģԺҪ޵ĸˣ޾ͽͷŤߡ
ү⻰еǿǿ˼ˡܻôģֻҪŮϲͳɡ
ǡ
ˣ°ɣ޻칫깤֮󣬱ѡգ顣
үûпһۣľκ˷
ūš
ô㲻ͬ⣿
ڻ߸տʱү͵תͷŻߣŲɡ
ūŲҡ
ߵͷвԸѽһٸһǧԸ⡣
ֻԼһΪֻŸ뷨
ˣͻȥɡ
үĵͷǻҾܾŤԴɣŵߡ
ūŸˡ
߻ϲ顣ವһʧĵ
һҲͬɣ˵ˣɣŵ˵ܳȥһˡ
ȥǸɣѾܵûӰ漴ֻεҡҡͷˣ֮еСŮסġ
ɣҵߵʱǬš
棬Ǹɣָо߻ᵽ
Ϊʹϲʲôطߵʱ˵ϲվǬŸϽǵġ
˵ҰģҪϾǵλãϲָо
ԸɣŻطһˡ
֪
ɣſԶһĨɫӰһվ׼ᱻ˵ûӰӡ
ǵ֮Ѹٵת
ūŸ밲
߲û̧ͷȥɣţΪǸͷ
ɣ
ɣǰ߼վڻߵλá
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δŮӣôѾֲ˼ˣҪôһϲϲԼҪͬڱŮӹᶼҪˡ
ɣŵĻ֮üͷ΢΢
Ȼ棬ֻ©һ˫۾ǸɣŻǷ΢΢ʡ
㲻ԸȢң㲻ϲң𣿡
ɣӶ챻ˣ΢΢ͳ˶Եʧ伫ˣ
ǵģ֦Ҷū䲻ϸ񡣡
߼ɣ⸱ģҲܵĽ
ˣ䲻ϻ˵㣬˵ңϡ
ɣקӵһɣ©Цݡ
ֻҪ߲Լôһжа취ı䡣
Ϊʲôѡūأ
ﲻףɣôģһʲôûУԴڿϵˣֵøϲˡ
ʲôΪʲôҪ˵УôӦ㳤ı̫Ӹ绹ÿ
ɣŲӣʵ˵ľΪóࡣ
ɣŵĻ˵ǿ嶼ҵģү˾ͷǳĿȻرĶˣҲСұˣ˵˼һ
µĺǣڳ棬ҲһˡɣűЩտأϲõ·Σˣһġ
ټߵİò֮ʱŻᱻӶɣҪô֪ϲˡ
ɣŵĻֲ֮ɵԼҰ
Ϊúÿ𣿡
˵⻰ʱһĨ⣬ȴȥڱûûεĸɣûп
ûǾǴο֮ҲԸժɴˡ
˵⣬ɣһʧ䡣漴ͷ
Ҿ͸㲻ˣԼöõģΪʲôͷҪڲĺڲء
ȻҪɴҲ֪Ϊ˱ظУΪʲôҲûй涨ǲȥ
ɣߵһӰȻûÿ˶Ҳ˼˵ĿǾͻߵģժ
ǸΪūųŻ޸ūţô¸Ҫʧˣūŵĳಢ繫ǰ㡣
ԵϣԼܹȢǰ֮ˣȴ֪֮Լڡ
Ի˵֮־ͽҿˣԼϵɴ
ɣЩԸǰҿɴˣɴأɣԽɴ۾

͵ģɣŸŵûҪɴûҵԱԼסԼӡ
ūŸŵ˸񡣡
˵ЩʱɬҪȻǽܲԼã׮¾ͻ˰ɣ
ʵҲͦõġõȵ֮øǿ
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⸱ģĸɣţû߾ԼԺӦٳڸǰ׼ôǱ뿪ȴɣһץס
ܣ
ɣĵŻߡ
ſūţūӣŸ񡣡
ɸɣקԼסһ
ʲôµģһ𣿰ַ
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Ͼڻʹߵ˶ǳƯģôͻȻһ£ȷʵøɣһʱûӦžгġ
ȷӦ֮󣬸ɣž;ܲˣŰŻߵ֣ϣúõĸ
ɵϣŵ֣ԱԿɣʹİ˵˸ɣţԼһֵֻʱһֻѸֵֻλá
ȻڵȸɣŰֵֻʱֻظǰĶ
˸ɣˣǻûпˡ
㣬š
û취ԼޣȻܿôֻܿˡ
񣬻ǲҪˣһŵ
ڸɣ￴һξ֣Ի˵Ѿˣ뿴ڶΡ
˵һ飬񲻺¡
ɣżְۿҪקˣǻһֻ׼棬ȴɣһǲڶˡ
»ߵ֮󣬸ɣŲſߵȫò
ߵȱģͺ͸ɣŵտһģһҰе֮ˡ
۽ǵ°ʹиĲ棬
˿ôһ㾪㤵ĸо
ôһֱţûֺֻۡ
˭ôģȻµȥ֡
ɣҪϵ˰̣ȴеĻ߶˹ȥ
Լ˵ġ
ʱʱ£·𿴵Ƶġ
Ϊʲô
ɣŲף˵ӴԼòǻĳ࣬ʵ벻ͨ
ΪʲôΪһӣΪʲôҪֳࡣԸƽһЩ
ЩЪ˹ĻǸɣŵһο£۵Ľ
֪ڻСʱ򾿾Ƿʲô£ܵССͣԻò
Բ𡣡
ɣȻǱųģûʲô꣬᲻ߵʹࡣ
Ҫ˵һԲҪ£ôҲ뵽ȥ
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⻰
28ˣٸѡУԸµҪȥѧˣҾʱˣԴ쿪ʼ£Ȼһ֮Ȿ׼ġ

⣨ѡ3ǧ

ΪҪū˵Բ𣿡
ߵʧ̬Ҳֻһ˲ġڸɣŸ˵Բʱ򣬻Ѿָǰɫ
ҸѾūŵĳࡣڷȥͻϽͣǻüūŲȸ֮ٺڡ
ߴӵϼ˵ĺڲȻڸɣŲĿִϡ
סǴһһľա
ΪҪڣ
ɣŰԴտûϲҲû
ǶڻߵĻȫǵ̣ڲǳˡ
ҪȷʵΪòôʱҶĸ飬Ϊò
ɣ˵ʳָָŻؿڵλá
Ըܵĳ߶Ҳġ
ϾԼͻʰָоܹ׵ġ
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޵ĺǻСĺǻ
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죬죬㲻˵ˡ
ɣż߻ҪȴҲȰԾóСŮϲһʽ
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ɣű죬˭ҪЩأһ͸˱ûŮƵġ
ÿμ۾ðĵĹ⡣һα
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Ҳֻ£˵ʲôǾʲôˡ
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ЩӵĹԱʼˣҪĸԱԺúǴùϵ
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ҲڵʱĻʹϾﴫġ
ֱĹ֮ûñ˺Լ
֪׵ӵˡ˵еĶҲҪ¶ġ
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ΪүڸɣŮء
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С۶үȴûнڸɣϣǼ˻ϡ
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С¹ӽҲϲ죬ΪҪŸɣųɣűϾС
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үһתͽ޵ЦȻүȥˡ
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ĶĽĲˡĽĽ໹رο

⣨ģ˫ϲ1ǧ

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ӹҲζġÿ˳Ծ˯ƤҲүȥ
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⼸˶ûˡ
ͷܸܵʱʾҪ˵Щ
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ž

ү͵һӣһ
үȻҲԼģˣ˵ʱɵ÷˼֡
Ͻȥ̫ҽʹơĪҪʹô޷ǵÿȺԴɡ
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⣨壩ߵĹȥ1

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⣨ǰ֮ǰԵǧ֣

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۾Լ߶Ҳڲϣ·ԼǰƵģԼſүĹ֮ϡ
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һֵɵġҽģѾˡԺǰ;
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ҽ۾΢΢һЦﶼƲסЦ⡣
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ڿԼϵӵʱ಻ɵֿ
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ãҾҪϡ
ƲƲ죬ķĵãȻװԼװڴ
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Ȼô̵ʱ䣬ѧһС
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Щƨû˵ûЩǰѧϰҹѧϰԼ˼ſһ̡
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