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½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ

Ȩҽ̫Ѳ
ߣ


1   һ

ˣ
˷ŭ׺ݵȻڶը졣
ֻһƬת۾ˤڵϣƺһǻѪĭӿȫǰʹ
ܳʲô
Aһҽعڱ˵Ź
ǻ˲ɣ
ȻӵͬʱֿٳȥǹӲ룬ֵ˾ͻֱӱͷ
Ȼǹأ
һɱҲպϡ
˲ͽסˡ
ǰһɫۣθߴʵüĿӲ׵Լ˫ŭ˫ԳƵǾɫУ
ɨΧɫ㣬װ޸š
ͷ޳С
ִаϸָԲǹĥӵĻȫȻʧⲻ֡ͫһ˲֣
ľܡ
ƾʲôң
̵ˡ
ʮʣˣ˻һƶûС
Ҳ̫Ծʹ
ȡ
ۿ̹ģü͸ŨŨ
𽵹Ķӣ޳ָס̽С°̶̣ͣʲôʱ
ͷСӲ԰ףšüѿǯס°ͣκָ̫
ڵףָӴ󣬡ˣˣʥϵĴͻж಻ﶼҰĵطȻ㳤ԵĻµ
Ȼʥϴͻ飬ɱңҧʵ
ܴ˵ĻһЩϢԭ֪ʲô£ŭǰˡ
ԭʲô治£ڱ˫ȡ
ڻҪ
Ц£Ϣ䣬̣һһֵĵһкְܶ취
˦̵°ͣӸµĿһӣǰ򿡵ϣ㹻ˣȻҪͱֱʲô涼ˡ
ñ֪۸һ֪ʲô
˷뿪
һѪ͵εǰݺݵ֡
ˣ
Ǳߵĳҭѵģء
ۣᷳҪںǳͼһ滨СȻ֣͸ż־ϲС㣬ˣأūˡ
㣬ȿȡһڣ;ɤӸðһϽǰСŮˮ˹˺˼ڣž˺ܶࡣ
С㣬ôˣ
￴̺ŵģһǡ
Сôֵֹġ
ҡҡͷû£ȳȥ˯һһڵ
ͷǺãū澾ſڣС»һͺá
̡šһ
ȥʱֻͷһۣ˫ĿڴϷŴ۾ֺ˺졣
Ҵ͵͵ȥҴү˵Сˡ
С⣡
ɴͦʬȫ֪ⷢ£пɻǵεǰһĻǸˣ
뵽ֻͷȻʹһİļȻӿ롣
ԭ̣̫ʦΨһС㣬磬Сܳ谮Ϊ¹һˡʾй飬һֽͻ飬˻롣
ԭͻ飬ȰȢة֮ŮʫʥּҲһ˲ţȻһ飬Ȱԭ˹
ԭԸ߰ȫ綼ˣɻ鵱ͼ˶Ͼ˹ϵ䣬ΪŰ裬ʲô϶˭һؾۺ⣬ﰵﶪ˲ԭ򿡽ãҲԭһ̡
и˽סϣԭǰ˵һЩеûģ̼ԭԭԭȫޣݺһ٣Ҳĥûģ˴ԭȡ
ԭ˽ȴԭһҩϣЩݣԭĲӣΪԭ˻ȥ״һĻ
ԼAĹҽعΪ˱зԵ粨ҽҩϵͳӢ
̾˿ôѪ飬Ȼܷϣ
֮֮
֮ȼһӣ˲зϲźá


2  鲻Ҳ

ץŴ᣷ио֤˵ֻȣƿӣ𿪹Űײ˫ȡ
ȶ֮ƺûеõܺõƣϵĶ۵Сɷףͷȫ亹
ϵĶײһһ𿪣˸˿ڣٿԼϴӽӣʼŧס΢΢εģʱ̲סһ
룬Ūȣ
µİײڱϢţҩζŨȫǶ֢ġ
мζҩר˵ġ
ŧ׵ĳ̶ȣһ죬Ǿˡ
˼
һ߽ԹŮ˸ѪͷһӿٷתŸδ˿ڡ
Ե粨ҽҩھͺˣͿ˫ˮɱ޳⣬Һٷҩˡ

ʱͻȻ
û̷ӦͼǰһɫźɫʮֵСҽҩ䡣
˲伤
ⲻƴԵҽҩϵͳ𣡣
ѵʱҲҽҩһԽˣ
֪˲ҫ⣬ϽӣȻȫҪĶ
ˮҺҩɴȵȡ
ĵĸ׼ֹʹҩ
ѶõʱͻȻеϵͳ
ãӭʹҽҩϵͳϵͳԱСRҽҩڵҩƷΪκ˺󣬽ҹ򼰵ȼܣڴȬ
һǳ˳顣
ˣ֮κ˰ɡ
ȫæ֮Ѿ˰ʱˣȥҩķӻҽҩ䡣
ʶһҽҩʧˡ
ڴϺ˿ղǿʹֺķôоеѣΡ
ʱ𣬡С㣬ôˣһòã
̣Ǵ硣ǵ
лһĨʵòĿ΢΢ЩԭķӦǰҲҹΣԭˡ
֪򿡴ԭãȻˣǾԹػ˰ɡ
磬Ȼȥɣҹʱȥ㡣̾ԼһЩ˻ƵǱ¶״
ۿ˲ͺˣãｿģ
ǰһ߬ȭͷ̣綼֪ˣӦû㲻ã鲻ҲգؼҺòã
ˡ
Ҫ֪ûӣʥּҲ޹
ڵ̱һᣬˮۿת˵ԼжģԭʵС
Ҫڣ̹ǵȻ𣬡򿡣ĺԺ˴߾ʹߣ
νķսš
򿡲Χָ佣߬ȭͷۿɺ죬룬ãʡȥˣɻ֮ǰôӦҵģ̼޸ֹʲôӣαӣ
壿뿡˪ǰѣԻྴ֪ܣ⹴ˣĺ㼸ɥ֣ڿ˵ĵ£
̲Ầˣϸֺŭ̴Сһֻ϶᲻òԸǿһЩЩֶΣЩģҲǱƵģ
ü޹Ų£СС˲֪˶ٴΣҲԽԽ䣬ս
۰
Ҫ𣬸ȫĴˣ
ôһӵίأ
̾ҲϣߣŶûУŭ
ڷҩĻˣһҪ̼ӱ
Ů밲Ȼߣ
룬Ҵ򣡡̧ȭͷͳȥ
硣
ʱﴫһٵ
šͨһʲôˤ˵ϡ
ɫһ䣬ȭͷһ߿˷ţ̾űӵڵϣٳǰȥ
Ȼٶȱ졣
򿡵ߵʱѾ̴ӵϱӻشϵǰȥ
ÿ򿡵
ղź񿴼̵ˣȻֻһȷһ¡
̵ˣֱһһսĵߣĳ͸ź壬򿡣ԲܲˣҪ˼棡
ʲô治ģͰ̽ӻؼңǺ룡̲ټˣ̫ʦҲģ


3  Ƿ

һ涼ˡ
ش 
滹һֱ׳Ŀǣ֪ڵʱõôԴģ
ϵ۾ʱһ룬ð
Ȼһ롣
˵𣬡ֻбݺɥޣ
۾ʱְȥ
֪ĺˣ׷Źô簲ȫ뿪ɡ
磬˵Щʲôأ̵ֻƤ΢ƵֱۻסٿȻӲӣֽϣЦ˵֪̣̺үأͲҪϹˡ
Ļ䣬ĴֺȻסС֣С޹ǣϸ⻬мá
ָսЦôĸأ
С㣬
Ｑæڣͱ̺ǳһⲻصѾͷҲү˼죬ʹСֵĻҸ״Ҵǲǣ
ͷίĲҳ
򿡺ɵĿһۣŭ룬̣ǲвˣ㲻Ҫ£ʵ˵ƴҲðߣ
磬ǲǼҸȻ䵭
һдˣ̡Ȼڹ
ΪҸĻ߰ɣԺҪˡ̱۾˵ɻ鵱죬Ҿͺ̫ʦϾϵˣǰҺãڲžصĽһ磬ȻƾղŶҷ̬ȣͽ˰ϳȥˡ
𾪵һ
ŻɬĹ⣬ǻЦЦĿ򿡣ˣӳȥ
߬ȭͷΪӵĿһۣãЭ˵̣Ҹ㡣
תŲصȥ
򿡵ĽŲʧ̱ѸٳԼ֣ƣɻشϡ
ͷſյ֣ŭ⣬Ůˣû˦أȻɿˣ
ʱģҪ׼
̣ˣʲôϷתĿɫ԰׵ľɫŮ
ʱŲ
ܰѹĴߣŮ˵ĿǺݣѹֻɱ֡
ڲ֪£ֱ밲һ
УҶ˳ˣˣʲôϷ ЦһָָԼȡ
Ȼ°ͳ죬¶ϵۣ֪˭Ľô
ӳ˳һԲ
Ǹģ϶Űɣ֣Ŀ͸űģϣʹ˻ݣʡһ޺ҡײУǶĵ£ƭϹˣһ£ʲôȡ
죡֣ηЦģַȻķȥ˶ĺһ񶾣ͲȣȻȽŲ㣬ͱԺˣǲˣҲһˣ
ת뿪
̰һıӰСţǷˣȫҶǷˣϹĹˡ
߳ſڵĽŲһ١
ϰ֮ˣãסȥ̵ĳ嶯뿪
Ůһƽϣ
̣
С㣬ﲻʹ˵ʵ۸㣬ǻ̫ʦô
ڴߣ۾ͨ˵š
ǰ̫ʦʱСÿ춼ĵģԴӵûЦһ£üһҲ޹⣬ʱһ仰˵
С͸Сߣˡ
ǸƭСĸ飬αվ֪ݺС㣬кڰײֵΪŰ
С㰡
̿žţֻСѾ߿ɰĽ֪۸֪ĻΪ˶ίء
ലߵСԴϣȥֻ£ʵҲͦõġɡ
ˣС̫ʦĴֱһһϣҲǸ֪˵ģôСǸûֵŮˣŮ˵ʲôʲôÿζС𷣡޵ֱҭȫǲۡ
Ȼ֪ԺͲҪССĽˡ
סĿ
С㲻˽ô֮ǰУѵء
׵ķâǰҲ£ܾñ˶Ƿң²ϵͷشӹŹһΣҲˡүҲûоı֣ϲǶЩˡ
Ůεݺ㰡޲ýƤһߡ
ЦЦ˭үϲأνͣȥģܶЩɣҲٸԼЩ鷳һЩ޶˵
ֿС㣬ˣǰίԼģأū澣ūûб㡣
ҲԼࡣ
̾˿ſؼӰ뿪ǹһĨЦļ򣬡ˣˣٿӶҪˡ
ﲻգգ׵˫ۡ
Сôˣ


4  

˵̫ʦ˶෱ӣǰ̫ʦұӻçײҲ˵ض࣬߶ĿвͻᱻץסѱҪʱ̼ǵһ仰ӿڳٲҲøұض
СǾͱô۸ô̧Ӳ˲ᡣ
ҲǸģ̫ˡ
̹ô꣬ǻ۸ô
ҡͷ
˱ƭ飬СûԹ
Ͼ̫ʦĵС㣬ţû˸С鷳
˼޵
ǲ͵ˣⷺ⣬Ƿҵģһӱû
ĵͷ
Сһġ
Ҿ˺öడȻǰҲܺãܾЩ룬ҾҸءͷ׳ŵС˵
ѾСϽµȷ׼ˣȴͷһõЦɵѾͷ׽ˣ˼ˡ
ٺ٣úϢū澸׼ȥҴҴǣȥˡ
Ҳˣ۾ܿ˯˹ȥ
鷿
˵Ļ㱨ڵޱȡ
һǲм
Ů˶ҶıӰǹˣᱳȥ˵ĺû
ôôòܡ
ȷŮûĴڣһλӰݵ鱨
Ӱһͷĸ͡
ͷ˲両亹æ˵үӰܹϸѵģοֻǸͨŮӣӦòᷢ֡
޳ָôš
޹ɵȴһ±һص˵ϣҪܲסѹʱָȻס
ڰ֣ڵϲӰȥ
ղŲΪԼҪûˡ
̵ĵ˵һ顣䡣
̣ʮ̫꣬ʦС㣬¹һˣ¼ߣ̫׷ΪŮ䷶ܳ裬Ը°΢䣬й㺣ʥϴͻ飬޵
˵뿹ּʡ
ӲͷƤ˵ǵģʥϷֱ˻飬֪Ӧ󣬱ȥһʱܶ˶ˡ
Ǹ˼
Ȼϲ̣Լͱ˵鰮𣬾;öޱȣԼûԸ޸أͼñҸ
֪䣬̵ֶ˼֡
Ϊ˽һּʵƣܱ˳軵ˣһʱܵԸЩ£ҲʶԼĴˣүҪҪźúദһ£
Ļеࡣ뵭Ŀڡ
֪æս졣
鷿˲óĬ봹֪Щʲô
--
̱㣬Ҳֵڡ
һµʱܿ졣
ҽҩϵͳİѾŹչµˣ˵ҲûţڣЭԣŴӼױ﷭ڹķϢ˳һơ
÷̫࣬ӡΪƣĸĸԶǧ֮ıǣȻƺܶ࣬Ҳʥ衣
ֱǰȥ߾սȫʤո¶ͷǡ
̫ʺ˳ֹĸҽԺǿ
ػԭתȢة֮ŮҲΪպλһ룬Ͼ̫ʦǳβҲӲվӡ
֮λֻһزԸġ
뵽Ǹˣﷺɭ䣬ˣԭһǻ꣬ɱ
ô
ʱԺſڴһŮ
ǹ˹Ůˣֿʼвסˡ
һӶ񣬡ôˣūȥߣ

ϲſվȥһŮӣ䱾
⻰ǹ˵ġ
ԭ˼κ󣬼ˣÿζղסԼƢｫ˸ˡ
Ҳǡǡװ״ɡ
һָšıΣ˳ãˣ
ҵôҺ͹ˣҩҲСģûйϵ̫ң㣬ʱһֱھţ˯ãҵˣҼ粻ҳǳڸϣ͵͵Ǹģҽȥòã


5  ʲôұȣ

ޣġһڡ
ǰʹʼΪϴģֺС㱻ү
Ҫȥͱ̵Ŀֹסˣȥ
ͷϽܿˡ
ԺûлӦĵļ֪ڣҵǸһھģ֪ģ岻ãվ˳ʲôүҪǨŭˣҽȥɣҵǸϾߣֻͼİ
̰Ūָ⣬˿Ļϡ
֮Գ谮ΪȹӣԶĺãֻҪֶΣһⶼɹ
вҲÿԸԸ⡣
㣬㵱˲ͨ飿˼ʡ
һ˫޵ĵŽյԺţ̲֪پ䣬ŮˣȻˡ
̼ʱˣҴ˹ָ˵˼䡣
ҴС͸ԸЩرߵſڽŴ򿪣˳ȥ
ɵĿһۣҲûϣ̵ġ
㣬ڿϼˡ̧۽ǲ˲ҪԺȥ
̵Ŀ̴̵ϣЦЦ
ģǱ£üӣС죬˿ģһͺб
ǵһαţһ̧ĽŲȥ ѯʵ㣬ܽȥô
Ժɹ̫˫ȸһϣ˺ñȴүżΪѣСǷཿۣ㣬ԺӲ˽Ҳ˳С㻹ǲҪү˼ĺãϾ˵Ķ޵ģСװĹͷʵ䷴Ͳˡ
ɫ˽¶һĨѿЦ⣬˵ﻰ֪Ǹģҵġ
ЦŵͷСѾһˣǾͿʼıݰɡ
ָ߬⣬Щŭĵ̡
ȴڷֹ
˽֣һ޲˺ģȴЦӭ
㾳ˣɹ̫ѡ
ֻԹһΣżǸڱ߾ʱԵģֱ߾Ȼ̣
ＵʵҪһǰʱ˵ʲôҪװʲôʱ
˫һ͹˵ϣȦҲ˲㣬ǧҵĴʹдԭҰɣ˺ܶࡣ
ʲôĵʡ
Ϊңųͷ˽㣬˽ȣĽ㱻㣬ҲȰԽһЩ粻ԸⰡ˵ֻҡ
һ߿һ͵̣ʲôӦûУһЦӾ˵֪һֱǹѾɻˣ㶼޸˾Ͱĵô
ʱǰ̵Ƣ˸͸
ߵľ߹°۸ڶģƲ˷ǰ˵仰ûӦһЩÿֻҪһᵽ̾͸˸һš
ΣͲ̻ܱס
ð
̺Цĵͷ
ɫˢһ¾ͱˣüͷҲĿ⸴ӡ
ƲԶҴͦӰǳЦү۰ܸһ⣬ȻҪúúүӵġ
۰ˣɫѿ
̴ߵһЦΪүΪҪ㣬ǲˣҴүͬһϹսĹֵܣʥ͵Ҷĺӻӣһݶû֣ʲôұȣ
㻳ˣ͵شӵվ
Цţ˭ᰡ
Ҹа壬޷Ǿĳ谮ķ˷ųʱ³һҪҡ
߰ɣˡ
ۣСֹڸһӡ
۽Ƿ죬ôԻĺӣôԣ
̣شң
ＤĴ󺰡
·Ѿδǣ̵֣һҸһĻ档
Уģ˭Ҳߣ
̲شӿɱ⣬ͷϵξͳȥ
ʲô
ʱһĨͳԺſ
һٽϵηڣתҼĳ뻳ȥ磬أˣѹ


6  ҪŮ

̴ǳһĨ̵Ļȣɫ˳ͷŮˣʲô
ҧ´ͷ뻳̧ҭ˵Ϊұ㣬ܵǸǣɽȴͣ⣬˼Զ
ü΢šǸ㣬ԺԶһЩô
ͷί˵˵ûҾһûҲûֵˣҲߣҡ
ֺȻסĿڣ¶ʹ࣬ӳϻȥ

ɫһ䣬ٽ𣬼ʣ첽ȥ˼תͷ׺ݵĵ̣Ҫǳ£Ź㣡
Ƥδһ£ֻý̫ů
û°ɣܿҴڶ
ۣСѾͷ˷ܺ˵Сǹ˹ôˣ
ҴĵͷİɣղŵֲˣŮûݺˡ
̿š
ҴСݵֺ˼֣Цÿ
үֻģʲô󰭣Щ嵭ģͿˡ
ҽ꣬ǰ㱨š
롮šһŵ˲²͸ϲŭ
ȥ԰һڴͷ̳ᣬ磬Բ𡣡
ɫ˼֣ڴ£ΪʲôҪǸ
ˣ˽ȥ㡣
ȷʵ˽ȥһǶ񶾵Ůô죬ǽбôס֣Ħš
İ۵ָ֣ĵĻڡ
΢΢Ӳ
û̵
һ䣬ǸŮʲô
ﵹû̧ӣί˵缰ʱȻҪ۸ˣ磬˵ˣô
볯Ц£Ů˺˵˵ȺúϢɣЩ㡣
硭ס΢΢Щ죬һֹģ
ʣôˣ
ＫΪȵĵͷҧŴ˵ղųԵѣܺóԣҡҲԡ
¡
Ů˸ղźȷʵڳʲô
˸һЩԺʲôҪֱӷԸ˾Сһûôϸģܶطչ˲ҪŮԼᣬеơ
лл硣ῴ뿪
˳ȥϵıת۾ͱָģҧгݣĿ¶⡣
ˣһͺ¶ˣ
ǸŮˣǰֻŰ̸ϳˣҪŮ
--
Է󣬾ſڵȺʱĹֲܼ
ֲǰĸҵĹܼңĸȥ⹫ûչˣͰֲ˹
ֲǿģҲ⹫ĸǾغΡ
үһ˵
ֲ΢΢һ
뽫ɳǽԼı֣ӲԽ벽
ֲԼ˵һ飬ûƫ̻κˣҲԼ̬ȡ
ʣֲǸʲôˣ
ֲҡҡͷЦ˵ÿ˶˵ĸоǲһģүԼȽϺáˡūȰһ䣬ϾŮˣүֵֻ̫Լ
ֲ֪ԼͷԺԵѣ¸ȥһЩ
ֲɵ˵үһϹר͸ģ˵ǲժͣӱ߾ģǸûС
˺ڣҧгݣԺĶͨͨӳȥѾô
û뵽ôΪ϶Ҫ޿ĸ״һȻŭɱָıӴ
ԵȵҧһסʱǼΪѻġ
Ůʲô飬ô˹һ
óô
˰ӹһ¡
޳ָһ̵ѾӵJˣʲôóԵģ֣Щ
ôˣ̽ȥɵĿ
ɫ˺ڣûг
Ϊε£Һûʲô˵ģҲˣﶯûһ£Ҳҹġջߣĵ˵š
ȭͷ
˵Ϊ²ô
Ů˻ʱ޿̲˾
͵һŽѵߵ̵ѶʱһأҲŵԺҴһ飬æģүϢŭ


7  ү¼

ụ̆ڵŭ׷ɣȴôʶô˦ɫ˭أ
˵ĻҲ͸űζ۸ôε
̿صɫ˲ȥ
˵һ飿Ｗۡ
ôԲͷúһ⣬ְŭķ蹷ܣ
ʲôƢˣùãҲҪ޶ȡ
ŭЦ̣㳤Ƣ˰Ϊ򿡸Ͳôˣ
ҽݡ̲
ڵϵﰵĵҪͱһ׺ݵŵֹ˻ȥ
ģ͹ң¼Ť˼
ۿвȥβû͹Ƥҩһﲻߣ¼
̧־ͳϻȥ
һ֮ǰȵľ˲䳯ϴȥ
뷴ӦҲǼ죬Ѹٻ˸ͬʱһ̷ȵϡ
һȱûָãѾˡ
ȳڵϣŽЩҲˤôǱȻԿͼûջصĽת˹ȥ

֣̾һϵȥ
ʱȻһֻĴ֣͵뻳УľδδȥͶһ˫ŷ̵ӣߣ˵ûйⶼͶͱˣ
϶еζӿϢ̵һκӴܸоʵŴ¶ȣ˲⣬ŭ
һ⣬ôþܾҪôȥ󲽳ȥ
֪ΪΣ̺޴һ棬;Ĳһˬŭת۾ɢ˸ɸɾ
ͺñСʱ۸ˣ˽˺ݺ˶٣ټ͸סβͣĶߣλȫԵһĸо
һʮСѾͷƬӣ浱βˣ
ҴѾסˣʲô
룬ʲô
Ȼ̵ľ
Ҵһۣæ滨ԷĴŹϣʲôûҲʲôû
һѴ֣Ķ
˰ڴϺ󣬾ȻҲҪֻҳķ죿
ȵŴ۱ֱüͷõŮôôף
̧ӣǰţװʲô㲻ôܹʡ
ݡֻû˵ͼǰһ
ʶֵ£ʹ۵һѪ䣬ֱһ˿ڡ

Ⱦŭ⣬һ˴ߣſǴʲô
һɫģֹС
ȥ
̵ӱ䡣
ѪַδŭŮ˵ԽԽˣɫͿȾ
첻ʰķģͲ
ȫ
ٴγǰȥ˸ղŵľ飬̵ĵڳ̹ʱ׾ٵľͶ㿪ˡ
û뵽ǰŮ˵־Ȼޱȡ
һСһ㣬Щֻü£һûĵһѹס֣С˹
ǡ
һЦ۴ָסС
ڷ״أ⣬ĥ⻬ЩĶģͷסŮˡ
̴ʱڴϣ˫۱ں󱳣ֻϸסѹ϶á
ĽͷתһߣĬ
û뵽ôãǵ͹ˡ
˵˵̧̧
ʹġ˻һɫһ˲԰ף˿ɣ˵ٴһЩ˫ۻһҲϵ
ۡĿ˿ڡ
ԭͺټϳôһίʾüͷһϸߣ⸴ӡ
װϽ˵
ĻȻ׺ݣϵȵᡣ
мȻʲôˣƯŮ²ȥ֡
С˵ǰģʹ߷ˡ
ģԲš
һίͰͣ⼷ᣬ˵ף˵㻹ţ㵽׵˼ôҪһĻһҵˣ
̲һǹӾ󾢶ˡ
ԭľ󾢶ϳԹҲ֪Ӹ߰Ƣ󣬼ֻû⣬˭书


8  

ӣĻʲô书Ҷ۸˵۸ңҶ˲Źġ
̹˵
򺮿ɺԸȻ෴ӣ򺮾ǻħر޵֡
⾩ûһͣġ
뵽򺮣ͷһĨΡ
ΪƽСӵӣҲᱻ𷣵ܻ꣬ؾ
ЦҪܻŻΪôŻ˵ɣ
ʲô˼̵
ɲֹһηŹ˵Ҫ򺮵ѱо㣿һɿ̵
ֵ˿ڻڵѪɢĺɫСҪ䡣
̳֣ѵҡ
˵ľ֮ǰΪˡת˱£Ժˣ
̵뿪ıӰ߬ȭͷҧ޳ܣ
ˣ
Ҵæ˽ղүȥһֵѪɰѶŻˡ
̰ȻĲ΢
û£մѪĴóȥˣһӶ˵š
ҴʰẈ̂Ū֮æʵô°
̵˵ˣҪԲ
Ǻ°ͻȻθߣһϲȻأ
Ȼ󰡣̺ȻЦĸãȻһ㣬Ͼɲ뱻һͷϹֵ͵ķ蹷
һÿȡ⣬ȫ¾ûһȤĵط
ָã취뿪ġ

˫ֱͷ˫żڵ϶˼£ôõĻᣬô֪ϧѽ˵޴ͷܴβͣû׼ͨһΣүϵͺأʱһٵУĸƾӹٰǰϳ˭и
Ҵһͬĵͷ˵Ķԡ
̷㻻⣬üҽ
ҡҡͷ˷ܵ˵ȻȥүϸɣҿүߵʱҲûкҲû֣컹޼ûиҹĳ
ͣͣͣæⶼĸİȥ顣
Ĳٿǿô~~ﻹڼš
ϽŤͷܳȥˣȴ¼ˡ
ȻҲүС㲻ãСѾ޹ˣлү͹ϵȻϡ
̵Ķ徲Ҵϡ
һٵҴȻҲ˿ڣŵָһ𣬡ū澾˵ͦԵģҪҪٺúÿһ£
ЦݽӲĵͷԣȥɡ
Ŷū澸ˡҴӣԹ˳ȥˡ
̫ѨץץͷΰûǿСi˺ܾãŴϵͳҪġ

ҽڰ봦ϵˣɫϸţذֲ漫Ϊ⻬зѪ亱޶ۣʵڿʲôϡ
˫ֽϡ
ָסָպҲ꣬ڰøҽȥڵ˵䣿
ҡͷδţүˣ
Ц⸮ϳ˭еӺͱ֣⵶Ҳġ
̵žݡ
ǳģҲεεģһŹ㣬ôء
ǳǳֿ׼ֵ꣬ûмĿ๦˵书򺮽ģôʡ
ͷװɵ˵֪ңֻӲͷƤ˵ӹ޳пܡ
Ц䣬֣ڵ֪رѵһ̣һƴȫɱϾʥּҿʲôġ
ͷ˵ͣûӦ
Եĸоүÿͬʱᵽ񶼲Ǻܺá
ᵽͻȻһ¡
үǱˣҪպش빬ȥ̫Ƕ밲Ҳһͬǰȥ
ӳ˳֪һ
ǡ
Ȼû˵˭֪һˡ
--
ת۾͵˽졣
һ磬緢ĸ˹ɫ۰޳ʵӣĵ߹Ҳְ˵İײԵøΪէۡ
һɫȹʩױһֵϣÿĽüٿȻš𣬡


9  򸾺ܶ

Ŀ̹ʲôô
ףȻף
߬ȭͷҲֹһˣһΡ
̫עڣԽعأͻԽ񣬵ʱͰˣ̫Ҳ̫
֪ʲôòˣ˵ҵ߲·ȥΡ
ҿ˿ֻˣʱһڡ
Ҫڣͱ̵ĻϣרҹģƣͱҽҲ⡣
⣡סĳ嶯ߵ󣬡ôƣ
ơ
룺
̣
ַεİϣǰ£κ׵ľͶˣһĨ棬ǰȥ
ѵǰżǵðƽкľŹȥ־ͿѹľϹȥˡ
ҧôߣ
үݷϷôֻѣҪϷݵүܵǣ̹𴽽ǣЩá
ϲ뿴ָɲӣ
Լ˼ƣһ
ӹʵľŹȥһξѹľϳɹš
»ϡ̵ٴ
ĺף𽵹ľ壬޲ֱԴȥ
ҡ֪ʲôعͷǳǳһЦ֡
峿պЦϣӳǾС޶ˣһμǳЦģĿ£عæһľݹȥŭĲС
ģ
ղžȻ㱻סˣ
ĸ˵ûԽŮĳԽЫ̾ЫеЫ
Ŵ򿪵ʱ򣬾ͼΣϵŮݰһ˫͸峺ס
ǺǳЦͷһĿ
·İղЩүʲôʱ˸檣ôû˵
ү
ԵȺæƿ
뱧ܿ뿪
ղźİղ˵ԳɻֵĲɿôǴ󣬻Ǹղۻ
һĽӵϡ
ӡ
ϳͨһСྪĶʱ۵ͣ

Сһ䣬౻ײ۵ȡ
֪ǸȲеĲôϸôҲǺ۵ĺðɡ
һװʲôΪ֪ˣ
ŹŲҲߣ
ǣŪʲôΣǸؿİɣϧ㣿
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ֵʱͻȻ;ҵ£һĸоЩʹЩɬЩޡ
֪ԭĸ飬ҪԼ²ܸõǸˡ
뿴һΪ˵ģڵޱȡ
ˣ
޸ﻹˣ
--
һ̣мӵĳȥʹĽĶ˸顣
Ůܿʣ粻ǼôҲ֪ʱ򣬾ʲô
ܿæȰү֪ģ˵Ҫ̫밲һͬģϾʥϴͻ飬ܹҪӵģл
ģɫЩ
ܿͷЦ˵ȻˣүľˣһţĵĸˣүĺãǸϵ˶֪
һԵѣôû͹
˺üˣ
ܿס뷭۵ĳ嶯ЦȰԺ˴ӱ߾ģǸûУүΪ˲ѽ˺öĹأū澴ȥһ
ָյºܿԺġ
ллūһΪúЧġ
ܿô˵ȴĲм
һݱ΢ũŮΪүų⸮ϵĹͣʲô
Լδˡ
үҲҪ˵ζ
үˡ
ݳڹſͣסһԹš
ƿųſ˫ۣŮ϶еϢӡ
˵ͦŵġ
̹ĿһۣСߴţ㡣ǵʲôء


10  ôչ

˱ϣһֱЦ¶Ϊ⽫˵̴̵¶š
֪ǹģİһۣСүǸϷġ
빴ߣͨôС
ô̧ͷȻֹ˳߿ȥεʶ߬
ֻԶͣµĽʫ
Ƿڿǣ̵ֳķ˹Ե£ʫǹһĨЦ⡣
ˡ
ջߣ뻹ڿţָ˴
ͷǱͫ£Ͻţǹſڣ𷢷衣
Цˡ
Цޱᡣ
޳ָ⻮̶߱紵鷢΢ӱսߣҧгݣǲǺܸˣ
̻һЦϣҸˣȻǸ˵ġ
һ䡣
Цļֵ⡣
֡
غʫЯֶ˵İ䡣
ڶͣסȶкȻĿ⸴ӵĿ̣ɩ
ƺеǺܼѡ
ʫҲһֹţ
ûлӦǿ̣һձݣŶǳǳһЦ󷽣߻ʵܣߵãð
üšǽ
ʫ졣
̿ûӹͶ˹ı飬ֲͷһЦǿȥɣûĸȼˡ
еɢȥǹ𣬡á
֣ܺʫʫҲҪȥĸǣһ߰ɡؼæڡ
ʫʶĿһֻۣعͷûгָȴļֱΡ
˵ð
һܲϲȥ
һûһţʫصĿʱʱϿһ
ݺݵһۣЦſ˿ڣɩ˵أô˵İ
Ȼð
ֵĿʫһۣôĺĺ
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ʫ޹գգۡ
Щ䣬Ц˵·Сˤȣõõˡ
ʫ΢΢ɫ̿Լ˭Ц˵涼ڴɩǱִϵģҲ֪ǲġ
ʫʫصͺһֿǸǸɩʫʫ˵ĻǱȥҲķԷź˵˵ġ
޷̵ڣͷأЦЦҲ˲ٱ߻ʵܵ£߻ʵ֪ЩԷǺ˵˵ľͺãǵҷᣬʮҲ˵ˡ
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Цһ磬ָ̻۵С㡣
Щ񺮵תͷϷϷֶŵĸʲô
ɩǶʫ˵
ڴЦ»Ͳˣ߻ʵܺߵҲҪŶ
͡
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㿴ˡ
ʫһʱҲĻͨ졣
˼֣ʫʫղŶǱĴǸֻ㣬˺òã
ʫһ⻹ࡣ
ţҲȥɡǣסʫ֣׵ȴԾ޾Ц
̺Ưˡ

ܲϲ
Ӻݻ̫ŵϵˣ͡
ǾŹ㣬ݶ䣬ָտɴˡ
ˣ
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Ҳ˵һЩķԷ̬ӵ͸һĨ⡣
ǳЦػĸϱѾöˣ¾Ϳˡ
Ӵ°ôչģճɻͰ˸̫š
뾯Ŀ̣ŮҪ˵ȥôʰ
ƵĿһۣЩţǵЦ˼֡
ݵĶӿڱζӳ£򸾵ĸð


11   ͺ

̻صϱԼСˤ˵ģ˷չˣȻҪܺء
̫Ц˼Ǹģôã
̺ߵĵͷĺãֻϱ֪
Ϸݵ¯࣬ﲻмȴ¶Ц⣬ĸ̶ƤͱȤˡ
⻹ˣúúãĸͲ˵ˣô£
뿴̣Ҳڿ
˵ڸǹȥˣҷ״Źġ
Ц˵СŪ˵ģ󰭡
ӣԺɵСĵ㣬һ籧ء
̫طϣȶпԭɵץϹͷһӣɾһղ۾
˵ôֱӣʫεЦЦ
һ֣صӦĸģŬġ
ãпն㰧ңͲˣȥæɡ
̫ƣİڰ֣ˣ⾫Ҳʹǰˡ
ˡ
ϱˡ

뽫Ƶ԰⿴ȥ£¾͹
̵ҲûģֹΣƵתš
ٻޣˡ
ǻʼһ԰
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ʱȻһϤŶ
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ߣл˵
ؿ첽ߵǰסȥ·Ŀϡ
߻ʵʲô̵ĮԶˣ롣
ǰһе˵̣ǲǻںңҲпԵģҽͺòã
ּҪɱͷ֪¶̡
ǵʱȰΨһһ仰ȻתȢʫ
̣֪˵õĻΥĵģôˣô࣬˭Ҫܣûа취֪ô㶼֪ʲôݣҲ¿ңҵ֪һжң踺أǿջЦģ޲óԼӣôô쵰ôûãԼİ˶
ۿ죬ǰߣ̣ԲԭҺòãôమҲͬİ·᲻㡣
̵֣

Խ͸Լү
԰ȥҵģһһˣվԱ߶¡
ˣ
ĲУƴĥһޱȡ
Ŀȥ֣߬ȭͷĵԼδĽš
ȥǵ˺Ƥɡ
žһ
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óӲ˲Ƥֵ֣ڵϡ
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һĮϲ˷߻ʵٸأɩҲֻҸˡ
תΣ۾˵㣬ǱûûƤıȽϺá
̡
ؿ̾Ȼ뿪ıӰͷһܵĳȥ
̨Ϲ룬ȻʧõĿȥʱڹſڵȱǸ
ǡ

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߰˷ƣƤرףƫӲ䣬ƫ
ղЦʡ
һ˵ǷʱЦᣬΧĻУܿλá
ۣһ˫ɫͫɾˮͷ
û̿ڣ˾䣬Ҳô۹ԽԽˡ
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ιߡֽһ̲һͨһˤѪˡ
תͫٿȻ
ֻǱſڵϣĿϵ˿ڡ
˿ںСѪȴԴԴϡ
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ܷôǸзϣȲá̧ͷͰ͵Ŀ˵ԼзϵʱƵĺܻ䣬ϰΪˡ
̲ס˸ۣУ㿴ҵܶ
Ҳգ͵͵Цһзϵˣá
̣
Ѿģ
ǰץְһѡ
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ʹֻڳģػᣬ˺ô󾢶ŰŪϡ
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СҪûˣ·಻ࣿ
ҽ߸ĸģοлΪˤڵϵġ
ֵ̧ʳָѪѾ˲٣ȫûϵơ
ɫ˳һֱ
Цһ޺ǰĸ֪㺦ˣĺܲҵġ


12   Ƿ

ѻ죡
ûİһۡ
Ȼǵһμ棬̶ȴûĸоüֿϧ
˫ȽȫӦҲǷ׿Խһ˰ɡ
۾Ұ㴦˿ڡ
ð
ʹĴӦ˿ûзģ˳ŨܵĽë΢΢Ƥ͸ޱȡ
͵Ŷ
š
ʶСiͨ£СiΪھˣҲʹĸҪĶһϢ
ϵͳһãԶ棬涨ʱ񣬷Ӧδɣܳͷ
Ŀǰ
ȼ0
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ǳ鴤¡
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СiǾĻܰ׳գûˣʹʹдϵˡ
˿ڲϣִҽѧ˵Ѫϰ֢
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вȲУĵĲϧ
ʲôôûеȻͷ
ָһ٣ãЩף˭۾ˣ
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죬Ѷʰֻʣ¸Ȼһ
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е͵һЦɫͫŲĹ󣬡ҲŲ㲻˭ô
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תο뿪֪볤ô񣬰˾ŲʮǸʲôӼġ
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ҽȵǸУôҲʮ˰ɣ
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һʱ߻иˣšüɵĿεĳ˳û£û£˸جΡ
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СĿռ䣬ٺҲʩչܿͱǯƵĶá
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ٴαϷ˷ѿʼհףֻŴƴϡĿ
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үǿ
Įɿ֣ͷҲصһ䡣
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ŲӾҿţ۽΢죬ëϹ顣
˳һЩҧˣŪ㣡
ɱ˻ۻŶ
죡
Ŷ


13   ȥÿ

ū澷
ڳ
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սȥͼһԹŮԺ˵ЦʱϣĻиղŶ¶׺ݣˡ
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Цһת޴Ŀ룬磬Һһǲˣ
ʲô
ǲԸ̣ЩӲ䡣
ﻶϲæתƻ⣬ѧһӣòã
뱾˵Щ»Ҫ´֪ģкȻղ̵Į
Ů˼غʫһɫôѿͱŮһʲôӦûУôô
ƶģһЦ˵á
ɬĵͷ⡣
̣ǳ㣬Ҳû֣ˣ죬ֻҪңԶҡ
һ죬һ㳹ʧ
үҲǵģͱǰˣû̫ǰ״ô߷߲ƽ
̵һЦ״ʲô
˵̫үо˼֪ˣ϶Ǹû֣˼Ҹϲߵİϳȥ
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οìֹܲһ
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14  

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16   뷢

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պ


20 ̣Ҫɱ㣡

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֮ǰһֱ۸ţڰһˡ
䣡
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ȥԷС̾ͱ˰ռˣҪķ룬ؼܱκβôСźš
ҽСʲôˣ
ЦЦĿ


21  

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Ӽ޹ͺС㲻ԸøϵҲ֪վӣү̬ȣƫСǱߵġ
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̵Ŀⲻ˼־壬ˣĻῴ


22  ǱСָ


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αŮˣ


23  ÿأ

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ʵԭɻʱ̫ʦϾϵҲ뱣ˡ
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ֻҪһߺйص£ԼүϲŭɫƹıԵǻ


24  

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ЦЦȷʵˣԼŮҽô
Ȼ˵ÿǲ̫ġ
һŮҽͱڨڨģ̾˿ˣʧˣһ죬Ѿ׳ˣҲûҵۼҶԼǲǳֻþˣҪȻģ˵ö˶˵һˣզƽ޹ʵʧأ
˵ţɤŲҲ
ǰṴ£ָֺܿԭ
ûкһĻȣתͷޣ˵Ҳ㿴̶ĺŮҽ񣿡
޿Ц£ʱ㻹ڿң⾩ĶпŮҽǲܵġ
Ůҽȫ෴
ôһˡ
Ц£㶼ϸô֪һأ
룬ʲô˼ʱ
ҪڻĿģƷҲǰ׵ˡ


25  ү

޼ֿʼԣæק򿡣򡭡
Цı䡣
ʱתĿһۣүͱҴ绹󽫾Цˣ̶Ůҽ󽫾ͻүˡ˵ˣԱݣôܻȥҩȥඪѽ
⻰˵ëȴ˼
򿡺ӣҲû˵ʲô
еԵĲˡ
ҲˣƽȣľһǴһ߸ϵģҲ֪ԽС
֪޵ƢҲûټ˵
Ҳû˵ʲô
˻ģʵ޶һ
ڱ߾ˣܲЩεεС㣬һٷݲݽ͸ˣҲһ뿪
үȻȥˣ
ſڡ
Զ̺Цſ롣
Źһ˿ëȷʵлʼҶϱķ緶ȴôôôۡ
·ǵϵױȫɾ
ȥɣԺٴˡ뿪
̳ıӰĻ˾䣬ǣָүˣ˼
õĻص滨Ժ
·ϵױֿʼڤ˼
ʣµ54ңô׬
--
ޣΪ̶ղ˵ĻǸʵ
򣬡ִ̧Ļֵܣ˵Сʳ󣬲յĿпԭڱ߾ˣ̫ˣЩˡ
ǸЦ£ҲûҪߣϴ̵£üĿˣ
޵ͷĿǰģҪôūˣҪôǾˣѾ½̫ˣӦòþͻн¡
Щ˼Ĵ֣Ǹ֮ܲʱȥÿҪŮҽˣ˵뵱лҪˣǧð˸סһ
Ť涯ˡ
Цļ磬İɣ°ֵϣ֤㱧˹顣
˼ҹδϲء
󽫾ӢӸλսĸܲϲ
ˣȾƣ

ЦнԶֱʧ
Է
žһϵĲ豭Ϥҵϣѳ
ﶥһǺ͵Ӿҷôȥ㣬
ܿŭ
ܿͷ۵ǲмСү岻ʾܶ󽫾ȻҪˡѲûֵİ
ĬĬһ䡣
ǰ˦һ⣬ҵô᲻磡澣ҵĶЩʲôӹҽǲǹģ
ܿշߺ޵̧ͷͱһסӣľˣ׺ݵɱ⡣
ܿ۵ӿɫæģϢŭūþȫҴˣǶû취ū澰ɡ
ΪҲ֪ǵ˼Ū㣬һֻ϶ףֽ̧һźɫҩӽܿһ˦ȥϵҺҲ͵ŶѪɣ
ǣǡ
ܿŲæ˳ȥ
·߿ɤӣ緹³ˣҲûǿҩ裬ƼͻȻֵĺߡ
Ȼ޵ûУǰȿܵȥˡ
һ欵ĺɴȹɧС
ܿſš
ֻҵô£ơ
ȲѣŲɧŮ
ЦĽģĵ˵ѣСʲô˿ǲԶ~
ҩֽôǼ˵ôã
¼磬Цô֪˼ҷҩԾԼ¡㣬Ҳ̫û˰ɣС㶼㲻ԼĲ˲б㿴治֪ôµġ֪ˣʲô³
ǸѪбˣ˲ֽű
ںӣֻƢҴˣǼŮ˺Ȼ͸˸һ̬׽ҿΪ󻼣ɱС۵¶Ũҵɱ⡣
һŹκγĻᣬ˵ɱˣƫƫΪǣΪᰮ㣿
ŤߵǰȾ欵Цĳָ׹°ͣĿŻ
Ĳᣬָ߬⡣
ջ֣һƬ½ǲŴָףһˣҸһ仰ԶǹˣĹֻһ³
ת뿪
ܿܿĻģӵ˵ū澸߹βˣùȥ

һֱߵĶͳܿȥ
ܿŵĸϽ˳ȥˡ
ֻžһҶвʱĵͺ


26 ɱ

ڸһȦ˵˵Сˣͷȵ˶ûУ̾˵Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ִҽԺɶΪ޲üը
ʵû취ҲֻܵϵͳĳͷˣֻҪˣͶ¡
Ȼϵͳ˵ģͷܡ
ҹ
ڴϣ˹˳žһȦȦߣ۵ﴦ
ֱߣһ򿪵书ؼ
ֻһ֣棡
Ӽױ﷭Ǳ
Ȼ̫ʦļױ񣬵ģⱾؼ˵ֱǾϲ
ʱ
кȻһϸ΢
̵ͷʶһᣬٿȻӡ
һİݵһ´Ӷ߻ǽϣһ졣
οһǽϣںڰС
˭
ͺǡ
пʼ޵Ů欵Ц𣬡Ȼòһˡ
ſ߽һؽȹϸ¶ɴŮӡ
Ů¶󴦣Դ߲ĽŲᣬ߶ʱᷢö
΢ۣǺ¶ȵĹ𣬡ɱң
ǰɣƺ̫ء
ӵĻû˵̵꣬Ѿˡ
ֿٳСϵذףٶȼĳӷ𹥻
Ȼѳϣʲô
û뵽̶ô죬£һЦ
һ̿ٲ
ּ̳ɱУֱҪһɱˣһ档
û뵽ôѲֵ꣬һʱһҲڳˣһʱѷɡ
Ȼ̵ȻûȫָƬ̼䣬㿪ʼЩ
ӷ㣬Ц
гȹ
̿ٷµƣǳټˣŮӳʱֻԽԽ
һУٳܣżڵһ㣬߷ȥ
Ӽ״ϣ欵͸⣬ɱ
һȺ˺Ȼ׷ȥ
̱ǰӵṦˮƽգۼͱ׷ָһֱ֧ӡ
ӿٶ㿪ͬʱĻޣıӺĳ̺˦ȥ
ۣ

һѪ˿ٳˤȥ
ʱһӰٿȻ֣һסһ㣬ϤζƮϢ̴ǴѪĿӲ°ͣ͸΢ָʶץסǰ½
ɱ⣡
˱´
Щ˲Χɫһ䣬һ
ȻѾˡ
Ա౶ӣֱ졣
ҧҧֻ÷Щˣݺݵ뻳̣һʧԭء

ڡ
΢šü¶ʹ࣬δɵѪĵɫ԰ףȴҲľĶǡ
󱳱ӴУۡ
ͷڵӳĽ˿ǰ
ˣкܶԱ԰ӽҺͻŶֻʣһʱ~
ϵͳСiȻ
ǣһɱңҾǣ
˾ǣ˫ҺͻֵĽ~
ʲôûУôȣ
нѽԹֹ̳Ѫۺɴר~
ԡ
ʾ֭ȥô׬ҡ
ȴҪЩɱϣ
ϵͳܲܲҪôӣ
ͷɵĿ̣ŮΪʲôȻôЩɱ˶ɱˣô
ס֣
̺һ
ԼүûзӦֺ̧ͣ¡
˵ӣߵһ˵ĺǰ£ǺΪҪɱŵһ㡣
һ˵ֱۣҲ֪ͳһֹѪۣ˺˵ĵطɴٰ˿ڡ
ˣ126
ŪָϽȥһ
ڳˣʱȫһ±Ƶģ㶵һûС
Ѿڵٺˡ
Ůڸ
˰Щɱĺ˶ɱȴܹȥǣڸ⳪
ǵöв
ϣ168
֪ڿ϶ľٶסˣҪЩ˷Ӧ֮ǰϽЩ˰ˡ
ˣ󱳱ĵطǱӦմ˶ⲻ֪ڵ촽Ѿˡ
̣֪֪ʲô
ŭڱ
ϵĶ
ˣ126
پһˡ
˦˦εͷѰһߡ
ʱѾ󲽳ҧŴҪֹѪ۰˿ϣͱһߵԶ
ֻǰһڣĳϵȥ
ʶʧǰԺﻹϵͳСiĻеˣʱ쵽ˡ
ɫϣǴѪε̣ü΢š
ǰ̱䣬ȫɱˣһ
ǡ


27  ܳͷ

һ߿滨ԷĴš
顯һŵҴæӱ·ȥ
үһﱧεɫ˲һ䡣
ôˣ
ûˣֱӱݡ
Ҳæ˽·׵ŤˣȻҲ˯дæϹġ
ܳĶ½ⶾ輴ɣңѪˣⱳϵˡһΪѣҲϸ
ҩ䡣
æ
̵°ͣⶾ
óƿҩϣ͸Ͻȥҩˡ
үūɡ
ҴǰС̵£ǰ⻬ıһƤĳѪۣ˲ۿ
һԿţӲһֱߡ
Ȼ۾Σյȳȥ
ҴĿȥ
æ˸ӣ˳ȥ
ߵ£ָ⽫ֻϸĲϣһֻĽˣŸ߰ķͷ
ɫָ¡
û͹ۣ⻬ϸ塣

ʹһ
뽫קקסҩ˿Ϳš
Щأ۵ɫ԰ףʶૣۡ㡭
Ķᡣ
Ϳҩ֮ڹҳ̵£ָϡ
Ҳ֪ġ
ʶĲñ˿
Ů˵ĺãûһ˿׸⣬ıǡôƤӤϸ⻬Ǳ˵˫ȣҲָϸױֱҲһ覴á
ΨһЩģŮ̫ˡ
¶û⡣
үҩˡ

ɡ
뿪ڡ
ǿںҩһˡ
ţôȣ
ǣٴΰ˸˳ȥ
̷Լһҩͷ׼Ĵ
뵹־ٶʲôףýȢЩܵ
仰˵ڰ̰ˣӦġ
ڵҩ֭ι꣬ٴ編ơ
ֻܿ࣬ǻʶƾš
ͻĻӦһڵ׽ߵľɫСøС
ԽܣԽѹ
һһصģιҩľٶͱζһ㣬ǿְԵϢء
£ֻƴӡ
ĺҲŽձ⣬Ҳ˺Ȼѡ
ž
ĶһᣬȾŭ⡣
һ뿪ĻŴӷŭ裬ޣå޳ܣ
Ӳ۽Ƿ졣
˾ȻҳεɥĲ£ֱ̫Ҫˣ
̣ǲ
Ｗһ仰
Ů˾ȻҴ⣬ǲ̫ˡ
šʹʹ
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̵ġԡֻû˵꣬ȻͷʹĴ󺰳Ĺڴϣ亹˲ʪȫ
ֻоͻȻϸһ㣬ͣİγγ
ʹʹ
ӿͷͣײţ̫ͳǽײ
ʹ
ĺʹ
ôˣһ
Ҳϱһķŭǰס̣Ů˲Ҫǲǣ
Һʹſҡȥ
ƴţԴһʶûУֻ֪ʹѡ
̣侲㣡
ѹϣҶǯסץ˫֡
ʹĻһһ䣬ſڴϽ
ŵһүǵһյĺŭˡ
Ͻ˽ȥ
үǡ
ҿӴүͷϵ͡
ҴģҲ˽
ſڣǶĺˡ
뽫ղŵ˵£ǰ°˴Ҳ̫ˣǰйƵô
Ҵæҡͷ
᲻ж£ʡ
˵үеĶɺ󱳵ıģֻǺܳͨһֶ촽ȥ֤ѾˣԺж޹ء
䲻ʲôҽԼҽмŵġ
̲԰ʹСüšǸνͣ
ͷ˵ͣ⡭С޽⡣

һ䡣
æȥˡ
ҴҲ˳ȥ
ֻͣ˲ʱΪͷ˹ţˡ
ͷִˣѪ
ѪʺʺģҲϣ΢΢һ
ٴε
ڴߣ԰׺ѪɫСͷ亹ʪ۽ǻۡ
ȴҲ
²ûǣҲľġ
硭̺ۡ
ֿ
ͷϰ࣬ѰĨůȥţ硭硭
ǰ
ͷϵ֣ο壬ͷҲû֮ǰôˣűס
ء쵰㸺ҡҺ㡭һӿ
ٿȻͣס
ǹһĨԳЦ䣬һȻ뿪
ź̵
롭Ҳ۸ҡˡҵһ˲е˧


28  ƭ˵ϵͳСi

ʱѾڶˡ
һѹ˼ʮһ㣬ûһط۵ġ

Ľһ
ʰæ˽
ˣòôҪҪūȥҽ
ҡҡͷŪԵģ
úúãūϾȥūҴź˳ȥ
˼Ҵ˹ˮۡ
Сi
ϵͳǲ̵ŭеЩģˣСiڡ
ǲǸýһ£
ˣûԲܵͷģͷѾˡ
һ䣬겻񣬻ܳͷŶ԰ɣ
ȻʧȥʶǺʹʱʶѾڻָˣϵͳͬͬ׾ͷ
ǸûиĻеϵͳô
Ǿֻһԭ
ϵͳʶģ
ڹԼαװû꣬Ϊ޷ĺ
ԼҲǴ
ϵͳִƼоʹõģôὫͷϵͳ˵ϡ
̺
˶ʮ꣬ӣɱޡ񡯲Ȼ豻һϵͳˣˣ
Сi̵ŭֵŵ˵ˣԡԲˣСi֪ˡ
һӱ
Сġ
ЦˣӴǣǼٵģͰһ룬ȻˣƽᱻƭϹҵ壡
ϵͳĴڱǸ˵ģֻ
СiµĿأ˲ҪСiҲƭˣСi˵ʵ
СiҭҭĿУôһ¡
21Ϊ˱ϵͳģʱϵѪСմȾ˴ϵͳϵͳһ
СiзʱʶģһΪΣʱܹˣһҲϵͳұ
ϾϵͳĳԣΪҽȥθҪˡ
Сıֲ壬ƫ˳ģɾ޴ѡ
趨ϵͳʱϵͳ趨˵ȼȹؿϵͳˣиֻвͣİˣŻῪ๦ܡ
ϵͳҲںദĹУ˵ĺûѡǩһϻˣ޷ϵͳܡ
ڳͷ
ǸϵͳģûϵͳҪռΡ
bugˣ
鿴ͷѡʱͻȻһʼ棬ȷܳͷߡ
ϵͳorʹߡ
ʱСһ͡
ʹھκھΣһСľͰԼ¶ˡ
ˣСi֪qwq
ϵͳڿĵǸ
ȻһֱǿԼĲǹģ᲻֪С˼ϵͳҲô
ѡĻᣬ˭ɵԼȥܷ
ڱͷͱ಻ˬˡ
ڲڵϵͳȻӣ
Ϊ˱ԺٳƵbugװͰ͵ϵͳѡȫѡãСi
ʹ߱ǩ
ʱޣ
ǰȼ1
֣125
ң200
̳Ȩޣɹ򲿷ҩƷ
Чҩ2Чҩ2

500
ʱޣ30
ͷߣޡ޷
ˣСiĸĲˣ㲻ҪСiðٷ֮ٵŬ˺ú~QAQ~
Ѿƽˡ
ϵͳûнĵȼȫ㣬ܳͷҲõĽҲˣ޵ͼЧҩ
ͷ޷ģЩơ
Ժ겻ÿζҪַ˵ĥһһαһ
ĪǡǴ˵еĽ䣿
ﴫ˵ζ̲СiҴӲžָЩ
ͷôһǡ
ЦЦˣȥɹ̫
ſԺϣʼ¡
Ҫɱ
Ůӣ㡣
֪ǰһӦʶ
غˣб
ڼѰһûкѡԭӼ¶棬ôϳɱ

ٿȻۣǹһĨ䡣
Ҫɱˣпǳİ
롣
ֲ㺦һΣ
䣬ͻȻ˷ۡ
⹷εȻҳ̫ɶˣ
鷿
үɱ˲ˣǸǸǶκγͻ֪ôǡһء
뵭Ĵ̿ͨǸıԵ֧ھľλã
ǡ
ת뿪
ɫ
޸̲ãҲ̣֮᲻ʲôϵ


29 ҹӰ

һֱãʵû취ˣܿȥ롣
ʱɴһֱ޿䣬磬ŹҰɣһݣɱһҪʹడأԺһԶһЩҲˡ
ܿҲڵϣ۾үԴǰ̽Ͼͳ˺ܶߵ㣬ۣΪĥˣūЩ˲ٴ򣬶֪ôΣȾȹɡ
ǰ£ôڲұƽϲŭ
ܿæ˵ҲүʵûˣŽūȥҵүȾȹɡ
磬ĺܣΪҪ˶ңءתʣ¶ɴĺߵϸܿɲ
üͷ壬ԸȥѸҽ
ܿˡ
ĿȫǵֱɰＱˣҽܺô
ܺá
һϲ
ͷСβ˰
ôβˣθߣЩ
Ʋһۣ
æ˵СжˣСĿУⶾͨ
ҹӰˣ
үڸ·ϡ˵
ӿ죬ϵ
ǡ
ְＸ䣬뿪ˡ
󣬿ԼүıӰֻúܹ֡
ǰү϶ͳ嵽ԺȥˣΣȻһ㷴ӦûС
С֪ˡ
үҪȥ滨ԷôӲͷƤѡ
ͷƲһۣ˲ͷϵͣϽ졣

ʱԺ˷ܵĺ˵¡
ⱨӦˣԺôү
ҴһҲЦؿģ¶Сѣū澾үʼأǰˣ԰ҩҹ
Цһ֮ǰ˹㣬Ͱ˵ûˣ
ҴһЦүūΪֻҪúõģÿ쿪ģǴū澣ūҲκԹԵġ
ɵѾͷЦҡҡͷ
ҲһЦ⡣
ҴһִģѾͷɻ٣Ҳӣ;Բᱳѡ
¾ãһƬ͡
û滨Է˵˸ⶾϣרŸβⶾÿ춼ȥԷһ£ʱЦ
滨Էֳʽ֮ء
ұ֮
ҴҲ˹ȵףģүҲǱտڲᡣ
̵ûʲôӰ졣
˸պһЩڸϵҩʱʱĸ׬һ֣Ĺϵ׽࣬żЩҽ
ִģһ͸
̸Ͷأû͵ʦ٣˵䶼ż֮⡣
ʱҩ
̵ķżźɫСüĿרע䣬
ҩԺζ࣬йкͽѪѹãĿˮͨ㣬ʺƢθ麮ѪѹȲ߷ãڷҲĩ󣬻оʳ
үˡ
Сš
̸̧ͷͼһ˽һ߬ס󣬽˳ק
ʲôšü
ߵĺܼҪСŲܸĽŲ
ſͣһɫƿ滹һӡ
ӳаһɫ֮Σǽڷָϣһо綾ߣǲ̵Ŀ⣬ŵӡ
£ͣס
ͷϴˣͱ벻ͷһƣߴӰ˽ߡ
̱ͱƵˤڵأһӹԵĳ˵ķһᡣ
һ̵ͷ͡ˡһײľϣ۵˲ۿ
ͣ
һЦֻ𣬡룬СײӴ˷һ壿
벻Ϊ³ĸ֣ۣ
顣
Цԭү֪ˡ
ӵվһۣϵĻҡ
ҵң
ۣɢ
ָݵһſ죬ҧȥ
ͻıʣͫ΢
Ҫ̵ָ֣ѿһ׼ֺݵסߵͷŭӲ̵ָݲҺ
̲мЦһ˦ˡ
סߣһûñ㽫ͷšϣӵ⣬Ķ̣֪ŭʲô³ô


30  쳺

ҹӰ
ͳĽһ
ҹӰߣֱ۱ۣ˵
׶Ŀ⣬ͷһߣ־ί
۸ˡ
ű۸
̶ͷײú׵ĵط΢ջߡ
ܿ͵˻ʹſڡ
ҹӰƿһ΢°ͣĿĴţһ
뱡΢³
̲Ϊ
׳˳Ʊ㶯֡
ָ߬⣬
ȵȡ
ٴ
ǰһӰʶ̧̬ͷһ޳ָײҵͷǺ׵סȻһ
ֳһֻ֣
̲ԸĽַģսƽ˴ء
ǵ˵ÿı𿴡
뾯һ󲽳ȥ
̶ıӰ˸ۣǰһҹӰʹԱ߹ȥײһ£û˹ôϹ
б۳š
ǳЦ䣬Ϲ£˭Ϲ˭Σ
ûҹӰͻɫ̴߹ͬķʽײԱ£ǻһĨЦ
Ȼ켸룬۵СĴһһְֻԵסֱۣһԲ
ƲһۣĵСյĽ˽
ҹӡ
һ
ҹӰصһߣһϡ
ŮˣΪ뻤žͰȻɫ
Ĺſ
Ӱ¶棬⽹ŵæǰˣūŽȥɡ
̲ɫĴܣü΢š
Ǻ󹬡
ǣֽ˴һŨصҩζ˲˱Ƕ ڹżӷŮ̫࣬һŮʹļ׵Ĵ󺰣Ҫĸôĸваôô
̫ҽԺԺʿŸβĥ˭Ҫĸǲǣ
㻰ɣĸôĸɣ㵽ʲô

ʶĿ룬Ӳ䣬
һ̾ͱ˽ȥ
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ŵĴϣֻ¼˿ûκλӦ
Ʈűҩ嵭Ѫζ
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쳺ôԱ̧ۿңĸһְ󣬻Ầ㲻ô
÷
ĵ
ǹҲˣҷҲãҲգĿܣ
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ͻȻɿ֣ȥĸ
ת۾ˣˣĸóһ취ûУô
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̿룬ûӦ˽ȥҪ񣬾ͱǹһסߣżֺãˣǲǿҽֹѪˣ
ϵ̧ǺȻֳһЦ̡
ɫ԰ףȴɣһһֵ֣峺Ȫˮǳ
ָһɫӡ

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ϻһ̲ѪһֱԶ
Ѫϰ֢ͲϣѪαѪ˿ѿһʱ
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ǹ
󸾸տڣͱ쳺ᷳĴϣҲȥֻҪ¡
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쳺۾һգܲˡ
ĸˣ󸾿Ŀ̣Ȱˣ
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΢䡣
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һǳҽߵŲԼϷ
һ֮ǰ߹ˣҪ˵ڵãͨ˺󹬡
ղ뿪ʱĿ⣬ľ͸һ衣


31  

ˣ㲻ܼѽ
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ֹסŲԶŵˡ
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תҽеѵ⣿
ңǳ˯ţŪСӣҾˡᡣ
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쳺ͷӴĵ¶˳СĿ̡
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ΣŪԼ
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쳺ͷ˵㡣
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Ϊʲôҽƣ
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ͷ˻ȥָѪڵδͣ
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۾峺ףЦݣ޺
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ʵСϸ۲쳺ı顣
ֻҪ¶һ˿ͻתƻ⣬ǵһ˿ˡ


32  С

쳺Цŵͷһɣĸղǲˣ
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Ŀ̵ϣ쳺ѵ¶Ц⣬ǰԺܹܲһ㣬ÿζҪĸŸ´ɾͲˡ
쳺ߣĸŲ᲻ҵģôװͰͣСİСŶ~
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ѦæԲСԿ˳۵ľǴϲƺҲһЩҪ롣
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33  ƭˣ

̲ͷ˵ûûûУڽ֮ǰҸͲ֪⹬ﻹиŻӣҵĻȥˣɹġ
˵ͱۣһԸӣȴŵС
пٻϴκ쳺ȫ龰ȷû˿Ҳû֤ݺƽС°ưš
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Сı˾䣬˼ҲҪСiҪһɳġ
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ԭļ䣬ɻʱ򣬲ûмλѦûвμӡ
Ѧ̾˿ǳɻʱ˲ûйȥΣ


34  ִ

үԶϱܺá
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ĸˣ̴ǳЦүϲͽڸϺˡ
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35  ҹ̫ʦ

ڴſ̫עĿţ룬֪ˣֵүƴˡ
ʱѾǰҹˡ
ܵĿţŴߴæۣţūϽҽ
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ãʲôٻСĹ
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׽ĽŲһ٣ͬĿԼ׵
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ǾͺãɫһЩ̾˿˵ⶼûؼˣôڼǺǣ
ûûУˡ̱ųֱ

˽׼Ĺʮ㡣
򿡸󣬶˶һɫĹٷ߷Ȼ׼糯ͻȻ̻Ϣ͸Ϲˡ
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ϣժͷĹñȥˣŮò׻ظ࿴ۡ
Ҳǡ򿡺ͽ׶һۣƿߡ
Ҳû룬Уοɵöڸϴһʱ䣬ݵģðⶼ磬ûһ
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΢šüŮò׻һΣͱЩˡ
ɫҲ̫á
ĿڼɨһȦȻʣˣ
ڶݵĳĬ


36  һ˲

򿡻˾䣬ˡ
ûסǸʡĵģܰΣȥˡ
ģҪȥƿӾҪ´
סҡҡͷȥˣúϢȥЩóԵġ
̿ײ뿪ıӰüͷ΢ֿ׺򿡣磬絽ôˣ
̾˿ǰ·˴ɱʱûʣˣڻԲѣղˣҲ֪ܲͦȥ
һͼˣҹȥ
زգܿ˿ڱȾˣҲջӣþ촦
һɫ˲һס
򿡼ԾϽǰСʣôˣ
ºҡҡͷû£ȥ磬ܾ
̣ȥˣϲڵӡ
ǰܵıߣֻϷ̣ǿˣͱҹȥ϶ӡ
˵ֻҪһڣκ˶۸ãȻɹҲ
첻µزµ򺮣Ψµģֻһ̡
۾˺죬ָץ򿡵䣬Ůҽңܾ
ǾȣȻϲɫô㣿
Ժ˵
´ҲûţҵЬá
ɻĿӣղŲֹ֪˵Щʲôֲ֪Ҫȥġ
Ҫѯʣ򿡺Ȼͷ˵оˣ
̿첽ԷȥԺﱾʺˣûӦ˾Ѿ뿪ˡ
ȻȥҲ첽ȥ
㡣¶ġ
ȻΪʲôҹظ֪϶˵ԭ
û¡
߽Էŵһɺصҩζ쳺ֳģرŨЩǵġ
ŮūŽŲæϻҩѪˮ裬򿡺̣ͷһҲͿ뿪ˡ
ô£
ʡ
򺮵ʱһƣүٽղ˼Ѫ˿ѿˣιȥˣ˵Ҫ׶༪ˡ
Ļû˵꣬ѿ첽ݡ
Ѫζҩζ һģڴǰǰȥһѽ
˲ס죬ӿۿ
ֻϵɫյͨ죬Ǻɫ֮͸ɫѰݣ촽ڣ˿ѽ裬ȫûһõطϸ˿ڶѪֵָСָжϡ
˭һվȥҡƿĴһգүۿͲˣһ̶󲻵á
ǿסᣬðѼ˵˵޹ص˶ȥ
Ҫ򿡵մСķԸȥ
æ˵үղˣأ߹Ƕ˰˸ǰصλˣʮ˵ɼǣָСȹۣȱ̴ڡ˶
ڴ˵ʱļס˿ڣѪʱӿ˳ҽüҪ˵ʲô˿ڣȥɡ
⡭ðɡҽҡҡͷߡ
үҲ׶༪ˣôƣҲֻʱ䡣
̴óϰ֧ϸ̲ȵźâָٳβ򺮵ļѨϡ
磬ñˮ
ֹ̽Ѫ˿ϣѪٶȿʼӻ
ŴûʲôЧֹѪҩƷʽϸס˿ڣѪٶȣٸҩȴ˿ڽϡ
С˻У˻ָĻҲпܻȾ˿ڡ
ϵѾлŧˣֻԼĶڵѪֻԼôûЩ

򿡵ݹˮվһԡ
óɫҩƬ򺮵죬ĽǶȽˮעҲְ֪ڲˣͼ˸ʵĶ
磬ø
ӷŵһԣ򿡵Ҳݵǰˡ
̳СϵУϿ˿ȻרעĿʼ⣬Щⲻ޳˿Զûϡ
򿡿һϵеľٶɬҲûг
޳ϵһֹѪۣó˿ڣȻϸŸոҽĥõĲҩ˿ϡ
ٸҽѽѵ߹λʡһ
Ūط˿ڣ°ú򿡰æ˷󱳻ʮˣԲ̫أŪֽ֮˷˻ȥ
дӣøҽȥҩһζҩ٣κβء
ǰȻһӻ˻Σ򿡷¶ǣ̣ҪϢһ°ɡ


37 õĶ

СʱûͣЪֻżĿɫԽԽס
̻£ҡҡͷû£öΣաߵǰˢˢдҩ
ּɾ࣬͸ż
򿡵ĵѾ˺ܶʣҲ֪ڲʵʱ򣬡һῴŸҽҩٶ
á
ҩȥٴλصߡ
ڵϣϸ򺮶ѵָǸնϵĻһԽϣѾȥ˼죬21ȽҽѧҲû취ˡ
ֺ̧ݺݲ˲ᣬ뿴ʲô
ǼѪĶеʱǾѾˣز»ô죬ӦòҪļ
̧ŵۣͶһ˫Цӡ
̡
򺮵ɳƵĲӣȴŨŨĳ硣
̵һ˲ţ硣
ޡ¡ޡ
򺮼ѵĳֱ۲ΡΡ̧Ҫ̵ᣬûһ˿ֺܿʹȥ
ڿҪشϵʱһס̧֣Ӻҵϲ˲ûޣ磬һȻģһָһ
򺮳һĨЦ仰֪ˡû¡á
򺮱ۣ˹ȥ
ղֻԺԼ̵ǿʶۣȻıûˡ
Ȼ
Ͱˡ
̿ǲЦ⣬ƲסͿ
򿡺ܿҩˣ֧ҽܣҩЩܵһͷһͷҩ
ͼܿʼԶҩ֭һҩ֭ͼˡ
ܣ̿򿡣磬֪кܶʣԺһ˵ɱʱǶʱ䣬ⶾ
ȥҵ
򿡸Ҫתͱ̽ס븮иⶾֽҹӰ
ȥ
磬ֽһҹӰ֮ǰеڣǲҲǿ취һûµġ
á
--
糯ӲٵҸȱϯ꣬ҲԾĳϿȥ
ԴСŮ޸үֵ
ҲǷԷķз
ҸҲӲүɫÿ͸ʶһɫһһ䡣
˵ܳ裬ôҲү
ǲΣ˾˵ˡ
ǵǰ
ܣ֪ҸΪûϳ̫Zһưצۣ̳˻ʺ˷ݣüϸ䣬ɤᣬ˵ʱ°΢̬ĸߡ
ȵĻ֣֪
ZĿϣߵ֪ô
üЩᷳ˵綼֪ô֪
ZЦ˵ҹ̫ʦƺˡ˻ʼţͶһˣοߵܻǾʶ棬ԺҲúúö˼ңǰЩãʼҲҪġ
ⷬν˶˸һ
뵹һƽ֣лѡ
ؾûôˡ
Ȼǰʱ򸾺ͺõĴţվ̣һʱҲٰǻ۰ô޸֮һ㶼ϧ
ˣڱ̤о͸ЬֱӲѹһ㣬ѿӦ
ZǰŸߣڵĵ룬ִˣ
볶´ǣĿ¶̣ûָղ˵ʼңҲҪģȰߵԺٲֱļ£ǧ𹼸ֹһġ
˫ȭ߬һ˫ӿҪ𣬡ʲô˼
ĸʲôϵ
ǰսߣ׷䣬Ц㲻ҪŮˣΪô
һȻɴ۾򸸻ʡȻֹŵһתٳĹȥ
ĸƭң
үڸϵ֡
׵ľ⣬ߡ
һ¡մɱĺŮӣ˵Է
š
ȥʱ򿡺ҹӰǰһɢĿϣһ򴽽һվš
˵ʲôûãǾ仰벻Ͳȥ
ҹӰģۣһ
һҹˣҪ˵̵Ĵ磬䣬óء
򿡼ȥæⶾ
Ҳһ˲ŵģſˣҹӰҲû˳˼ļ£û͡
Ҳֻܵˡ
£
Ӱ֡
æתߵǰС˵򺮻ˣɱҪˣܲλҹȥҶܿ


38 Իؾ

ģ
ʡ
ûлش˼Զ
˵ҹӰȥԻؾ
֪Ѿˣܲܿһľʹࡣ
뿴ҹӰͱȥ̫ʦ
Ŷ
ҹӰβϳԸĴվ
ڣҹӰͻغܶ࣬أǸ˵ģﰲޱȡ
̫ʦ򿡽ֱӴ˺Է
û뵽Ҳº󣬺ܿջߣҹӰ
һĿϿңлл
ҹӰ׵ۣмһɥǵģ˲ˡ
ͷһŤȥ
̣Ϣ򿡵Ļû˵꣬һᣬϵȥ
һڻ΢ôˣ
߬ȭͷɿƣ룬㣬ݺݵһ٣ǲִˣ
û˵Ĭϡ
һԳһЦˣԴ֪ˣһֱţ鷳ҰͻסɣúϢ¡

뽫˱ڻȥ
̺ᣬĺɣŻ΢סȦͨС֪ģĵ׾;Щơ
߳ԷʱϹĳ㡣
ͷһɵĿУ뿪ˡ
ǻСô
ǳţ˽ǽлСӡ
򿡰Ц£оˡ
򿡽꣬¶ϲã۰Һþ

ڰʱģ֧ε
͵ƿӾҪ´
Ҫȥģ
ͳϤͣס
ϵ룬üĿ⸴ӣô⣿
ûлش𣬶Ŀ˵£Ϣ
Ҷôˣ
ˡ
ҧ´ȥ
ȥ
Ϊʲô
򴲱ȥ̾Ŀʶ˶㡣
ӿһĨã±
ʵ˵ҡ
ȻЦ£ڻĸо㵹ǲ
ڴ£޳ָ΢׵۵üַתסС֣ĦԺͲˡ
̴
ܾܾô
ȥ̧û˵꣬ͱŴĿŵͫһ촽ϴĴУĻϤס
ӦҪȴһѹڴϡ
Щš
ȥϴαûԶһʱ˽ǣһĸоȫƾţȴǵԽԽ
ֱ촭ſϷŹЦţôɬǰû׹
̧־ͳϻȥΪ˭һ
ڰձץסͷôˣ
׵ȥŮ
ʲôûС
ɿ֣ڴãЩֵİ޹ǵС֡
Ů˵ֺÿղֻģûסȥ
䲻Ҹ㣬Ҳʲôʥˡ
ûҪװӡ
˵ˣԼϱʲôģ˻һء
̲֪Դﶼʲô˵Ļٷ֮ǲš
ס꣬糤̵ģʲôûУ
ֳôţͰԵķŷİŪֻһԸš
̣硭
򿡴æĽŲȻͣס
𾪵ĿڴߣֵģԼܻۡ
ôˣ
æ
벻õĿһۣ㡣
һĶϣҲû̫ע룬ֱ£תˣ
ع񣬡ˣˣҲˡ
̫ˣҪȥ¶Ц⣬Ӷ˼֡
һѳס֣ٴЬӣҪܡ
ư㼱ģһ㡣
һЦ
һѹ˵Ķ˲١
򿡲ųԷߡ
ллˣûҹӣҶҪڹŹһˡԵĵл
˽һһ롣
̲һ£ҹӰ򺮽ⶾһ¡
лҪлġ
ᳶ̶ļˣȻҲǱļˣæӦõģûϵҵĽ飬ҲӲܡ
򿡿ЦŸֻ̾˵컯ŪˣǵȰ̼޸㣬ͲкôˣҲҸ˵ʵû̺ͬ룿


39  ˸ȥ̫ҽԺ

ʵģһ䣬ָ߬˼֡
ҡҡͷۣǼѹҹ͵͵ظǲ֪ʵܲˣԸôᡭҲ֪ʲôˣᣬдҲС
ˡ
Ȼñ䣬ȥ̫ҽԺץЩҩúòԴˡ
һĴ뿪ˬˡ
򿡵ԴǱŷ켷ˣȻô˵ֲԵĻ̣
ǵж㣬ˣ
򿡼ˣıӰЩãȻ
֮ǰЫݻȥ̫ҽԺץҩԴӦԼŶ԰ɣ
ƵͷԷȥ
ۿŴ᣷ֱǰͫײŻζ£תֳЦ⣬СѾͷƯˡ
ɤΪɳƣͷȴܲһ˫ĺܡ
һ̾ţүʢ֮ǰ͵һôʣսⶾ˾ѹˡ
ܻ漣
ڴߣۣۿž͵ʱˣΪʲôҪǰ
Цţˡ
۾ֺ˺죬Ҳһʱǲң
ҪޣֻͶ˵˸紫ţ˵ˣ챻۸ͿҪˡ絣㣬ǰˣ¾ͺáҲ֪ĸ˵ƭСүˣСүǰƤɡȿȡ
һϢȵĿ
̰˳ôֹס
һʱѾȥˣˣҲûҽ¸򺮣֪Ƣ϶ܻ֪̱۸£ؾǳʲôӡ
ޡ
һᣬľҪͬʱҲ̧ᡣ
ָѵĵطĿܿ¶һ˿ңʶ׾
磬ס֣ǣǿЦ£ָһ취ָġҲȷʵˡ
һ
죬򺮲ſʣ˭
ƺȸղࡣ
Ǳ
ſ˽ǰӸµĿ򺮣ڵȡ
Ҳ
롣
˵ǰ߾һս֮ǰھʱδйʲôӴǺ졣
ֻ֪٣ڸкܵ͡
û뵽̶꣬˾ܳΪ̫ӺλһƥȢļ۵á
۸ã
üͷһ˫ɱ⡣
빴ǣ۸Σƾڵ״̬ûкͱʱ
ɫ˲úѿ
СүˣСүǵŪ㣡
磬ҪúϢ˯һ˵ġ̳Цᣬż塣
ס֣¶Ц⣬ɲ׼ߡ
Ҳߣڼ㡣
׳˳
򺮵Ŀһֶۣ˵Ƕıãû㣬ȶˣŹ۸ˣ
ã˯ɡ
򺮱۾ûһͺȵ˯˹ȥ
ʢҲסЩɥ˺еľΪ֧Űˡ
˵ߣҲͰˡ
뽫̴Ӵקһ֣ôôôۡ
³򺮣Ҳûзһֱק⡣
룬ſҡ
Щƣɫ԰ס
ԺҹӰ˳һȥպ򿡣ٵһЦһ§סļȥ˱ķ򣬡ˣéġ
ԺӶûȥͱҹӰˡ
ɿ̵֣ű߬£Ժ򺮿ô
ЦôүǾҺҸҲܷչô

ү治֪װ֪Ҫ춼ʲô𣿡
üƭȡ
ԣһñ򣬻ȥҲ쳺˽¼һǵλŮҽҪҵ˾ңүһУڵõҪĴˣôЦı䡣
ڼʶĿ֮ˡ
ģϲʹǿžƵġ
޸ìܾվ˵ʲô붼ƫ̻Σ©ٳϷ룬ƫƫװϹһһԭƢ
۰ԭһ㣬ɢԭ۸Ϣʱͻ۵ߵ㡣ӦñͬԭһδμٺøУ˰տĶʸ룬İ֮ȢҪһŮˣת۾ͳ˴ܺߡ


40  ̫

һϷ룬ؿΪ֪ضԭо飬ԭ鲻ãػھҲ⣬ԭãȴһѪĴ̼أҲ˳ʫĲõһʯ񰡡
ⶪ԰Ҳǲµһȥ쳺ڼƻⴳģ쳺ָȥĻɡԲŻʹȥĹ쳺ҩʱȥ˼쳺Ļ
ҲԼû뵽ܼܿ쳺ϵĴֻߣ쳺ûֳô޺벻ɫĽϣݺݴһƣ¶ɱ⣬ܵǿҵΣҹӻ̫ʦ
֪˻ϢˣԲôһΪص̫ʦϣ֪ΣڵϦǲǵλŮҽ
µûĻϵɱҲµģպþ׼ظϡ
˵ףʹûĻɣȫϲҲʹ˰֣ΪˣӲűˣֻԼһһļƣµ˷ָ
ص̫ʦû˯һֱŴԽڷ£һôɺϣôķ˼ֱղţͻȻȫˡ
ȥԸҲãΪԼúҲգȷҵȥΪ쳺βֻʲôЩҶ⣬Խܣ룬ܲܲҪǣҵļˣҴİ㵱ֵܣҶԩ޳̫ʦҲûʲôԲס£бҪȫƽȥô
ۿᣬݵҡҡ׹
һ˵ĵжΪλȥˡ
֮ǰͬ뱻ƭǣ˭ƭ˭˵أǰôİ¡
ʲôܳ裬ʲôʲôŭͨͨװİɣһܰαװɳԶŮ鳤ļ󣬷ɱ˵ľ衣
ǰһսҲƺõġ
˿ĵطһߵ̬ۿȺŪڹˡ
˵ģ̫ˡ
뿴̣Ҳ룬紵˵˭ûƿ
ãһ
˵һвƺõģ
̵
ˣڻ쵽ϣӲܡ
ǰһ֮䲻ȭͷľ룬ͷٸҲº˵͡
ɱңЦΪ¡ءſ
ͻȻס̵ɴ۾ţ䱻ʵֱסӲţױĴְס
ڵӽĻңǵǿƱˡ
̽мܲסӷ԰׵Сֳ죬ٿ۾һıϣŨ˳⣬Ҳ˼֡
뿪ĴĻߣȵϢٸҺ˵㣡
һŭۣ޳ܣ
̧ʹͣ۽ͨ죬˲˼ԽԽҪޡ
벻õĳ䣬ʲôû㶼ˡ
㣡
̧֣ҪϴȥͱһץסƽֻԼ䣬˴ᱧԷߣвţҶȻͰˤڵϡ
ɣ
̽ͷǰȫ뿴Ƿһ챻ᱡΣôô
ؿڵĥĥſ;ͺݺҧȥ

ƺһͷҧɿڵСŮˣģ
̡ߡһЩ
Ȼ·ܽҧ۾ˡ
Ц˵ҧɣסҧĵطҧ
һɣװֻȴۺ۵ġ
޳ܣ
Ҫ
Сˣ
Ǳ˸򺮴Ϣ
뽫ͻԷֻ˵һ뿪ˣһ˵Ķҩ衣
̺ĽҩԵԼȥο⻹̫ҽԺƵģģרʼʹõġ
ү˵ʱ̫ʦȶү˺õĲˣݣЩء
̿ôˣ
ĻҪôڴߣ°͸ڴϣƵʡ
̴Ĭ£ء
ȻֺĲأԼʱ򣬻һǿĺ顣
˵׻᲻룬Ҳڶġ


41  Ψ

Ĺ
վʱֹڿϼ
ֹǸ༫ŮˣȻʮ꣬ڱʹ磬ͬʮͷһ㣬͸;
ʱϣɫǵĹװŪŵޢɫָףָСָϣŴĻףλ
촽΢͸ųþڸλɫض£
ģӵίŭڼֹһ̣ȫ˺䡣
߬ȭͷɿʣĸ޸򸸻Ĵͻô
ɱֹǳϣâһ㡣
صͷֻҪ𰸡
ǣ𰸣
ֹߵǰױݾµϹǳЦȴôı䡣
سܲסһͷðЩ亹
˵ΪѡĻ£ܲô
ҡؿĿ¶ʹ֪࣬ĸһУΪ˶ã֮ǰͶ˵ȢةŮΪȢΪ󸸻ʴ͵Ļ飬ԽܣĸĸΪʲôҪô֪жϲ̵ġ
ֹһЦĿΪϲŮˣŸһ㽫Ů˼޳ȥҲʡк֮ǡ
Ϊʲô룿֪Ůˣ̼޹ȥкãغۡ
ֹŮǹĺãģֻĲãնǶ˵ĸ飬ҲԶ費̫ʦԡ
ĸزŵĿ
һжΪã鰮˵ֻۡ
ǡ
ûʲôǣ߱㲻ôֹЦı䡣
߬ȭͷĬ
Ȼ롣
ζ룡
Ҳ̵·ȥȰˣ˽̵Ƣ֪Կٽθ顣
ûڳɻôҡ
ǸĺӣȥúһɣŮ˼Ȼǻ޹أԺ󣬲ϣ֡
ǣˡ
صͷʧǵ뿪
᲻̫ЩϼǵʣǵĹˣҲǹĸ
ֹǻһĨЦضѶϣܿٳɳְɣȹʱŮˣ϶Ҳסˣʱ򱾹룬ض
̫лʺӻڶˣһûĸֵ֧Ļӣʰô
Ӣ
ɵ椣Сүӡ
Էүһϣɹ̫ĲУ߻ıãˡ
̸Ա߾źţֱ̾Ǹ
ѰôصˣôҲڲʮµĲŸҶ粻Ĺ򣬾ĲУҲ̫ʢ˰ɡ
ӳԶϻֻԳһŶ
̽õӵݸ
򺮱߳Ա˵ҶûԹˣûµģˣǸĵСˣô
Ȼ̫ʦϵ˲ǰ˵̵£ܲסմŵֶΣ˭˭ù
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̸Լ˸ӣŶЦʡ
а˵̫ˣҿȻֽŽͷȻһȺؤּʬſڣô
ʳָҡҡݡ
⻹ü
̹𴽽ǣ˵ǽѣǰıһģŹſڣҪ硢
۾һãи統һķɡ
ʲôɣ
ŵſڴЦųڰ֣硣
бһۣô˵Ļ£˼Ҷ㺦
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ڼңʹɵ·ˣʲôּģɵ椰Ƕ˵㣬㵱ôῴǸݰֿ̡
ں˵ʱӽˮ¡
سİװ׾Ҳ˹ģϲʫԣʿᣬԭʱպôഺ¶ڣͱԻסˡ
ⰮʲôʱҲһ˵׼£ϲˣͷԷΪ㡣
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42  ̶ؼ

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43  룬Ǻ

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Ｑǰס̵֣
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밲
ŮҶĽš
ǳ˳òƴ޵Щ˻ǵһộǺĹԷˡ
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ȴڿţ˸ղ뿪ʱ򣬻һģת۾ôһ̽


44  ϲ

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ϲ˸ĨӵƣǴݰ׵Сϵı飬ˡ


45  оԽԽ

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̺ɳ˸ۣ֮ǰΪǸС㰡˭֪ôƯᣬһֺǿƵѹĸоҵʱ򣬾ͺ˶һƽʱҲǻѻھģȻŵĽˣǿ¿¡
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С͸ߣĸ֮һǿǶǺܺõֵܣԸҲкƽֵģҪȥװһŮѾΪ˰ɡ

Ҫһֱߣ밡
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46  ÷֮

ӣЦ˵õģһֳԲ˺ܶˣҲ˷ѣԾС
´ǣǰҲڼ󣿡
˵ǰǰڣүɲԴӦңԺҪǰˣ̺Ц̧ۡ
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С죬ôǷʰ
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쳺̧ͷ˸峺ӣǵ𣬡ӦСÿһΪһҩûˣ
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쳺ͷ˿ʱ
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Щ
쳺̧÷֮ԭô꣬㻹ڵĸ򡣡


47  ⿪Ľ


įΣĸĲףһὫ²ˮʯġ
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Ц£ѵһֱ򲻵֮ô꺦ĸˣûҪŹǡ
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쳺һЦ֪Щʲôһ壬в֪˫۾ڶ㡣ҿ㵹ụ́ܰݻء
ݻףѵֹ
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쳺ޱĿ룬峺ɫͫУ͸ű䡣
˵̵ôҲֹЩ
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쳺ʡ
ü΢šЩĿ
쳺Цּʱ㲻ǲȢôȰ㣬λӦȢ̣Ҳڵļֵ˭סڲС꣬᲻ãˣ

룬ǲϲˣ쳺ȻһЩ
ȾϺ⣬峺Ҳ¶ŭ
ӣ˵ûϲҽҲκȡ
κҵȣֻ㵽ڻ𣡡쳺սϵİ֣򼤶ʹòϵѪܶ͹ЩĺҵȣӳվҾǸˣǸзϣʲôȣܻ30ָ꣬ϵ˿ھͲѪˣһܻã
侲Щ
Ҫô侲쳺ָŽǵķ򣬼ԸܵǸλãʱѦҲͿĻصʳˣƫģɵ游ıȨɵѦҹȢĸЩ껹һֱ㣬ҲǸзϣֳܱôʰһ棿룬ǿźܺõӣΪʲôúã
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ὫЩ۸˶ߣҲ棬£ͯеů
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˶˵йĿı죬δȴ֪£û֪Ӵ
ĺܶණʵġ
ϷǸ˺ܿס

ղţеϣԺúọ֮̃˺ԽԽҲסˡ
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48  ʲô

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49  Ϸ˭ᰡ

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50  ǫ

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52  ִ楷

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53   ʲôֱ˵

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55  ̺ͦɰ

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56  øҲ

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ЦЦִҲûе磬Ҹôʹã
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Цҡҡͷȥ磬廹ûָأȱˡ


60  ɱ

һ̣ʱ¶һڰʵϹλεЦ⣬ɵ椣Ļˡ
ϴͻȻˣĺþء
һֱȰͳ嵽ȥˡ
ЦһֱǹŶأⲻÿվͻˣָĺܿ죬ҲҪмǲҪϰ
򺮽˵ĳǹһӣЦǰʯϣں˵Сްģɵ̫ˣյСħĻô
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֣һ˫գҲգĿ̣Ц£ôҸ̫ûʶˣ
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ǳЦ
ָ򺮵󴦣ǿȻָĲ
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ҲŰ£ģָȷʵҲ̫ˡ
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뵽Щ֮أھΡ
紵Ǳߣ϶˲ٿࡣ
һģ֪϶ֶˣ̵̧ԴϣЦɵѾͷں˼ʲôأʵЩҲͦõģھŵĸүȥĥһʱսɱУҵ󽫾ͷΣñ㣬Ժ˭۸㡣
̱һЦսΣգҵǺϣȥ
ж־ķɱÿже룬˵ҪĻ㡣
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Цţɵ椣˵ʵ㵽զ
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ϴڼңɫ̫ԣﻹдһ˵£Ҳ֧֧ᣬĪҪƭΪ֡Щ˵
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̱һЦ˵ˣҪģ粻ء
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ƽСӣΪϷŪˣҹӵƽӡ
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ȻǾ͸ӦСˣԻؾ˵Ŀ¶ǡ
ͷɵ椣㲻ҵģʱѾöԲˣҲÿСү𲻴Ӧ
̼гģ϶ʱ¶Ц⡣
ôˡ
ǾСƵģˣҲƵĹ˵
ɵ椣粻ϲ
Ĭһ򺮺Ȼڡ
̿صӣЦЦ𣿡
ڶԶҪǸ粻뿴㳤󣬲㾭ô࣬λԵĸоˡơ
˵ҪģҪѧԱҲҪѧȥںˣӦΪҸ˲ǡ
ðɺðɣ˵ʲôǶԵģڶǸԶСɵ椡
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ʱŵɫɷףǽ򣬾С֡
ӹսǴϸ̽Χ


61  

ǲǣ̣ɱˣŵ˵ֱ͡
ʳָڴϣһ£С˵˳ǽһֱǰܣҪͷ
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ǣһū澾ȱأＱ
̷˸ۣʲôģϽȥʱǵýңߣ
ţٵһ⣡
Ҳ֪Լﲻκæֻһҧٵܡ
ɱߵĽŲҲٳӿΧЩڣ߲̫ã̿ٻ˸λãʼ෴ķȥ
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Ҳûе˾ȵϰߡ
ԾȣҪġ
ƾԼļ䣬ɿš
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䣬һɫĻ͵س
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Ļ䣬Զڵ
ҧ´ȵȣǷ·ߣǴߣҴ˴Ǳߡ
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϶Ҫһˡ
Ӵ˴һεС·ˡ
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뿴źХ紵£ڵޱȡ
үûӰͷ˵

ʱǿһ߹һ˵үЩʿ˵ˡ
˲ܶˡ
߬еһһֵ˵ȥңҪˣҪ
ȥң
ٽЩ˹
Ͻһ˳Ӵ̽һȥµҡ
ǿ˾䣬үЩɱô죿
ɱˡ
ǣ
ϣŲãڰ±ߣɫ쳣䡣
вʱ̵СֺãĲЦģģ
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ŴǣӲĵƺЩ΢΢ʹ
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ֱ΢΢һƣǰүȻظɣ´ҡ
ͷ뿪
ŷ֣ԼѾˣ̣ûҵ


62  

̴ˮðͷ˰
Ȼû´ﴫϸСˮʱ²Ӧк
ԶһΡ
汻¶ˡ
ҵ˰´ܲܲҪСiˣҲֱ̫ˣһ治ˮҪ𣿡
Сi߶µģȻҲŵòᡣ
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š·ϵˮ˵İɣҲˮᱻˤġ
˰ǲµİһͲ´أ
ĵҪСiѽ
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Ļ᲻֪С˼ٺһЦ˵Ҳ㱳ֵˣ˵ˣҲ͵ġ
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һЦҲû취ѽҪûƼ׷ɱǵЩô滹ء
ôһ˵Ҳǣ׵˭ѽ
˿ܶأ°ɡ

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Сiʡ
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š
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ˡ
ϽԸˣҪ֤үİȫ
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63  

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ˣҪȥѽ
Сiʵ
˵֪ߵĿ
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컰ôôࣿεЦ¡
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СiٺһЦ˵ⲻǰںҲˣòлͺ£պҲ·ϸơʵСiܶʱ˵ģ˻ᷳ
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̱һЦ
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ѽСiĵȼԽߣҲԽǿİҲԽԺΧԲĶСiܸӦءСi˵š
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ѽڲСiȼԺһԵģ˶Ѿˣڿ̳гҩѽļˣܿҺ֮Ĺء
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64  ӵ

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ʱСͨ죬ӻ᳤ģٺ˵
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Сؤ죬Զ㣡
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ҹôãŲôء
Īа̵Ļǻ˻˹ڵλο˺ģ
һЦ¶һС˵ɻû䵽ҪµĵزϵſԲ³䣬һȻòɫ԰ףжǳܿĵط˵촽Ȼпڸǣ촽ɫһж֮ףͨԵԴжϳĺ֢ж裬ټϻѪ˵ǲҲΪ书Ӧûһֱѹţֻʵ䷴ʱᷴɵĸءһĲˣһȰʲôʲôóԳԸúȺȸ棬һһ죬Ҫ
˵꣬Ц¡
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ĪаЦЦղ˵Ļﲻطϣûô顣
˵ŮҲܲףǱܻ±ȽϺãȱ˵ˣƽȣҪš


65  

Īа̵Ļ
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ԸꡣĪаЦ˵
̼¶Цֻôºͼˣûмӡ
ֶ˵˼䣬ҽεĻһȡԶķַȻգɹЧá
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Īаôһ˵ЦЦ
֪˲δĻ˵Ҳ˵ˣµ˾ͷֵˣ첻ں˵ǱۿһС
Īа˯ŵģɫӼŵĻζ˼¡
ĦĴָϵİָӡ
˲ð
ӣǰǾˡ
ۣһ˫鶯͸Īа΢΢𣬡˯ˣ
̵ͷѽʵÿſԵġ
ϢС죬ǰӶδȼ£ÿҲܼᡣ
ֻ֪̣ǾúЦ
ֻƼˮ꣬ʲôû˾ϸĵˣﵹЩⲻȥˡ
ĪаһЦ޷ϰˡ
Ҳûʲôܰģ͸㿪ҩɣ㵽˳֮Ҹҩץҩ尾Ϳˡ
˵ţùһԵëʣ৵д
ĪаǵЦ䣬ɲʹʲôԺ岻ʣ
ĲҾȲˡ̴ĻҩպҲдˡ
ʵ볹Ҫϵ书ϰ֮˵书ܱҪȻ֪ΪҪķʽ䣬ûǲҪϣʿɶֹ
Īа
ָ΢
ǰŮ䲻󣬽ܲ³ʮ֮˾š
ӱͨ͸
û뵽¹Ůӡ
º͵ЦЦûб˼²ܸҲã⺮֢֮ÿ·һΣÿζǾһҽ˵ãҪġֻҪģᾡŵ
Īа׳֦
ϻ۵ŮӣߣҲδǼ¡
̸ЦǸȻˣһǲܴӦ
ΪΣĪаʡ
𴽽ǣЦûʲôѽҳԺҲֻҪÿľͺˡ
ܸ֮ϵĵλأ
ĪаЦ
գգۣһڴı飬֮ϵĵλʺ𣿡
ԸңҲδɡĪа˵
֪ġ
ǰҲûпԼݡ
ʲôЦһ㣬Ц۾ΣͱҿЦ˵ˣʺôСŮФġϧѾˣȻȥɽˮʶ
̹̾Ϣ˵˾䡣
Īаü΢šˣ
ĵͷѽҷҲܺÿһÿٺ١
̵ͷɵЦţָȴڰ
Ͳµ˲һˡ
û뵽Ȼôһ㡣
û¶ȵĻ


ⲻǶµۣĪаô
ô֪ģע㼸֮ĴϢͺ֪ˡ
ϻʵ۸µ۲ڹȹĵλȴܵĶҽ棬ҲδȫȻΪ
޿ֵĳпܣƿ֮ڣѹͲڣʲôء
˽֪Īаϻʵ۴һ˽ӡ
ܳΪµֶۣζǼΪ
ҪСӦԲǡ
˿ƺͦġ
Īаӣ䵭˼֣ȻѾˣܵ⣿
̰ŪԼָһ˵ߣСŪϣˣȻҲŲȥǻĽҰء
ĪаԺŵЩԺԹҲ˽⡣
ôһ˵ȤȻ͵˼֣Ҳû˵ˡ
˳ſڣ̳һЦвҪ˵ŶȻҷġ
ĪаӦһ䡣


66  ܵ㣬

ƿһ̵ľʧˡ
ĪадҩһЩͨҩģָֽţϣһͻ˻ҽ
ۣصĿ
̴󣬴óΧϣľͽ˳ǣֱԺ
ʱͬһƬ֡
ɱ֮
Ǵſ׵ʿÿɫأģʱĻ㱨Ϣ
ϵ֪̱׷ɱ£糯ŭ
Ȼھڱ޼ɵĴɱֹһΣ⴫ȥʼҵķţ
ɳһ־ȫѲ̿͡
ǰ
ѰŲ˵̱ɱϢһ˹ȥ
򺮴¶䵽µףҲûҵ̵İټ
˵ҪˣҪʬھ͸ƾʧһǺã
ȥģ
򿡼Ҫ뿪æ˾䡣
ޱ˵Ҫ
򿡶ʱδ㻹ȥ飿
ţҲǽİ취
һ仰ת鷿ķȥ
ﲻ֪е˼Ĳᣬֻüǰš
뿿ȥѰ̣ÿ룬̫ʦĹ٣ûôˣҲûôȨޡ
鷿սȥŵһɹζ
ü΢šȲȥټǰŵĿСŮʱڵͫԵĽ¡
̼ίͰ͵Ŀ죬һү~~
ߵǰͣ£ӸµĿĵ״ԵĲ˾䣬ʲôʱģ
ż⡣
۾ɫİӰȻûϢá
СλεһЦ¶һСջ
ġָ䣬ͱ͵һס
̵ǰգգ
ۣŻϤ¶Ⱥӣ΢΢䡣
֪
Ůһ
ˣ
ָı䣬ͻȻɿ̣˾ͺá
˵һ䡣
̲šüͷĵţʲôȻô䵭Ϊһ˯ء
һĴվתҪߡ
ȥģ
ס
̵ͷ滨Էˮһҹ·ˣûüҲҵ
˵һ䡣
Цһ˭˵ˣ
㶼Ѿֳˡ
̧ͷƯĴ۾ֱֱĿżֿߡ
£˵ʲôˣ
̺ߵҴϵȥ֪һ㶼ôһôһϲöûУ֪֪Ҵȥʱж຦£ˮô䣬ƴĻϰŸϽȴ
̵Ļû˵ֻ꣬һƬӰ
ţһƬȣסеĻ
ֱסӽǰǵĿȰԵ
̵ۣ۾˿ֱֻ̫ˣֱӣƵȵۣԵǿƵ
һ
ƿĴ˱ڻ̾˿ܵ㣬ġ
̵Ķ˵
Ҳ֪ġ
һ仰۾Ȼͺˡ
ȥһֿ̣ܷ顣
汻²ˣǺˮ½أˮǳֻ·һ
ǸʱкȻ
ϴαɱʱȻ֣Ȼɱдɱˡ
һ̣˧˧
·һӡϡ
̴󵨵֣סǰӣҿһòã
żʡ
á
һ
۾ʪ˼֡
ʵʱҲͦõģ٣һǺõġ
Լɿס֣ϵζǲǺţ
̧ͷ
ͷ˵ǰڳˮݹһ
ߣ㻹ֱңǳˮɣ
룺
СѾͷǸɫͿȾ
̺ɸ·볯ſȥ
ں˵һϴ衣
룺
̼Эģ̵ЦЦ
ŵϢڲ˷ųȥﱾ˶ӣǴ鷿Ƚϰȫ
Ȼ·ʰϺŽ˽˹


67  ˧

򿡱ŭģΪʲô¡
һǳЦ̣ʱסˣ̣û£
첽ǰһѽ̱ڻ
Цı˵磬û¡
ȿȡ
벻õ
Ȼ˵ã滹§§ģֱ
ɿֹ̣סļ̣û̫ˡ
Ȼֽתϣ룬û㲻˵ǵǲǣ
סϣЦ磬»治үҲǸջظġ
ˣ
򿡸µּվ
̽ڵ˵ԣǺˮûµģ·ִ˱˵ĳ͵ˡһŵϢҪܣպóᣬԿ˭ء
Ǹô򿡺ɵĿ롣
˵ݵ鱨Ǹ˲ǸΪҪɱ̶ΪλߣǵĿĵʲôЩ
üҲǰ˼⡣
صһЦ磬үǲ£һʱ˭ˣ
˭
򿡺Ŀ̡
Ҳ˹ȥ
˵µۣĪа
üĸ̣ôʶĪа
ЦҲµģһ˫ɫӣк ˵ǴӶģĪа˭
ɫģ
̵ͷѽҵʱڶʮ￪ĵطý߻һأˣպһˡ
̫ΣˣĪа֪ݣô죿
򿡵ǵ˵
Цİɣ֪ģ˭뵽ɽֱǱСؤһʱģ˵ô
̵Ŀ⿴롣
εǸ򿡵Ļȷʵ̫ΣˣԺҪĪаô
Ϊ˵кҩ᲻þͲ֪ˣ˼ҽģҪҵˣҹӰĵܵҹ¡
̻Цſ롣
ü΢š
֪ҹӰ˲࣬Īа£ҹ£ǹƾͻҹӰӰˡ
ү㲻Īа˽ʲôԹɣЦĽ
ǹ˹Ȩ۷ߣΪˣ㲻ͻ㣬Թ޹ء
˵Ҳǣүһүλû̫Ӻƣѽ
գգۡ
̡
򿡽һżֲͬ
һŮӣòҪ¡
ֿǸ˵Ǹ̲£˵Ҳûûصģϡ
Ц˵޷̶Ǳķޣ£֪ҲΪ
˻ظ֪ͨһȻﻹżأ磬һ˵ˣڻ±أҵøϽһ
̾˿
̱ɱֳô£򺮻ϢҲͳױ¶ˡ
ڲ֪ж˫۾ڶǣ̫ˡ
һůͷã߶粻Ҫģûµġ

ص뿪
鷿ֻʣ̺ˡ
ϣ˫°ͣһֺЦĿү˵ѲǲǱк󸣣
뿴˹˵ʲôֱ˵ɡ
㿴Ҷ磬ΪҶ¶ˣ£Ц绨
ȴʣΪű§§н
״磬ַɴҲԣﵱҵ汧һʱô˵ءһ
Ȿʡ
̵ͷȻϲϲңҲҵķҵȥȥһûֵŮˣҵĵöܲ⣡֪ܲ˺ܼǳģۺССߣ
ԣ͸¶Ц
̿Цģ۾˲ۣүû˵Цʱ򣬳˧
ϵЦ˲ʧʲôг˧
ʲôݴʡ
̺ٺһЦӢ㳤úÿ˼
ÿʲôá
Բϲֿ佱
ʳָҡҡҪÿôɶȥأҪúܳܳǲǶÿһۣ˴ٱֵĿģǲǾͷˣ
ĴһܽǻֵıҪ
㣡ֱУ
ŭ˵һ䣬Ц㿴ҾһӻҶ£ҪҪæȼѽ


68  ʫ

봽һá
ǲһסˣãȻգգۣȻǰ˻ΣְȻô˵
ĴβǶҪӦѾġ
ξȻôʹ죿
һץסС֣Ħϵڻ١
ʵҲԼľٶ
һ뵽̻뿪ߣ͸ȱʲôһǵġ
ڿ̾ͻĳԼǰȻһʧõĸо
֪֪ƺѾסˡ
оԼӦȱĴڡ
һɵı飬׺ݵ˵̣ŮǲǾϲŰһ͵ű㲻þͿˣ
̺ٺһЦѽҰͲҺء
ֲŰ񣬵ȻҲϲ˳ˡ
¶һĨЦ
ʵţҪʲô̺ȥãС͸ڱߣŵù
ſ֣˵
ЦĽ㾫·ߣҲã
㣬á
˵꣬ջϵߣԼ¡
ȴһ仰ԵЩκģ鵰˳˧˵ȻҲô
ޣ
ߵһԵϣȥ۾ûһ˯ˡ
û˯ĪаҲ˯̫صˣڿʹʹ˯һˡ
뿴̾˯գȳƵĺǼŵĹ˹
ĸоƺ
һԵëֻ̺֮صλϣ顣

Դ˵µϢҲһҹû˯۾ͨ졣
ʫҲǶһҹû˯
Ÿձشةฮ̱׷ɱµ£صĻʱֱȥˡ
Ůˣ
Ҳİ
ģ
Ϣһɣһҹû˯ˣȥôˣ
ŮһǵȰš
ʫŭﻹ˯ȥүһҹδϨһǸСˣȢˣﻹűŮˣ̫ˣ
ʫصϡ
ŮȰС㶼Ѿ˳ˣûκвѽ˵ˣȥôܻл·ѽͱˡ
㶮ʲôʫŭǼˣﻹҾ;ӦһฮŮҲ̲ʲôôԻбŮˣ
ʫСҲ³ģ׷
ҲǼ
ĸߣԸ߰۸ڶǰû޸صʱ֪غ̵¡
Լš
Ͳû˵ˡ
صʱȥฮʱ򣬵˵ĺúõģԺһƴú۰
ҲŻذӴǸŮˡ
ڡ
ɻˣصȻǸŮ˵Ĵڣܲ
Խ룬Խ
ʫ͵̧žͳصȥ
Ҫȥģ
Ůæ׷ȥ
ʫŭǰߣſˣһѽƿ߿صķš
ʱϣ˫۷죬һҹû˯Ҳ˼֡
ʱһضϷ
ʫһĶĻðɣǰָıŭأа˼أôһȥΪѳ鰡
ʫޱȣڶΪ̶
ֻǿһֵۣͷ˵˾䣬ȥ
ҳȥʫ󺰣֪֪ʲôˣýȢأɩ
ѣ̧ͷۿ
ʫֱЦȻ֪ضϷʲôﻹͲӦȢң
͵شվ
ʫηĵɴ۾
߬ȭͷջסеŭ˵˾䣬ȥ
ҾͲȥô
ʫﻹ߬ǽضϷǰһһԵ㿴㿴
ͷȼһɺζ
ص۾˲ɺ졣
͵һѽʫڵϣ־ҪǱȼĶϷûϧϷ٣մϾţֱ˼ݣֻһЩս鷢
ʫ۾ͨĵΪôƶңûˣҿԺ󻹿ʲ
žһʫĻ
ʫܿ측ְӡһѪۣŵĿأۿأң
Ŀָſڣϣ


69  Ҫ

Уҵţ
ʫӵܳصķ䡣
վڵϣһӣͷʹĵͺ
Ӷ̵
ʱľޣһ֮ľһһЦ浥Ĳնˡ
ǸûҪ
֪µϢ˶µģôʻһˣǰ컹ǰģô˵Ͳء
̡
̡
ʫȥʹϣ޵۾ס
С󣬻û˴ھȻ˸ˣί
ֱĹ
ֹһ˵պף޵滨ģһĨ񣬵ʫӰʱ¶Цӭǰȥʫʫôˣ˭۸ˣ
ʫһֹ̲ס
أĸҡ
ָյĽԼ֣ǵֹﲻ
ѡĶϱҲҪةҵֻùȵʣضôأˣ
ʫŰ£һҹû˯˵ˡ
ֹʫ֣ȰضĲԣѾѾͷûϵˣôȥ˼ҡʫʫǶ룬ضҲû
ȢˣﻹűŮˣûʫԲֹĻشֱӴĻ
ֹ˵ضǸĺӣѾͷйһθ飬֪ҵѾͷˣȻѹ룬˼СèСĺùѣͻȻûˣǲҲѹ
ʫӣͷǻѹңСңҵﶼûһָͷȻңҹ
ʫ˵⣬ǿ޵
ֹȰ֪ίˣ±ͽضⲻǡʲôôܶأʫʫί±ɺã
ҲŲأ᲻á
ʫͷᡣ
سһ˲ţﻹǺϲģȻҲ֪˵ʱ򣬻Ը޸
ޣҲǾίˡ
ȻֹҲ˵صĲԣҲûʲôˣҲðοˡ
⺢ӰضȢ㣬и֡
ֹȰʫ֡
ʫ˵ղŴʱҿˣڲһȥĸһɺã
ʫ۾ʡ
ֹ˵ðĸܶأȻ᱾ȥضйԸ
ʫΪЦĸá

һ˯Ŀνˬ
˸ȻŵĵطĴƺ̫һ
ٿȻ۾İɫᣣգգ۾͵ؾ
ˣ
ͳ
ǳ˳Ťͷȥ
ֻܽܽĴߣ£ڴͷ顣
ʱܾСһ˶㣬ؿڣĿ㣬Ҫʲô
飬չȥаһЦ˵أ
ңҲ֪
ˡ
ǰйŮһŴϣʲô£
䣬ֱ㽫ץס΢΢һֻһתϺȻͶһѹЩȥ
̧ӣͶںЦͫ
ŽߵĿ̶˷ֳۣǰ͵˵㣬ң㣬أ
ҵһɡ
Цһȵĺ̵ϣߺ˼֡
ⶺŪĽѹѹӶűӣ۾۾Ͷģ㱧ʲôʾһ¸лô
ͳ΢Ƶڶ𣬴żȻζ
̺ǺǸЦǸҲûұѽ鷿λͦģǺǣٺٺ١
ЦԼΡ
ԭҰ
ǵһѹ־İ
¶ЩĲ̫ܣϲϲͻ᲻ˣٶЩʲôͲ֪ˡ 
ǳв
߷ߵĿʣҪôл
򵥵ģױһ°ɡЦ
̵ɴ۾
Ҳ
ںˣåô
ȷüһ
ͷ
ֻһ£㲻ģʡ
뿪ڣӲ˵ٻ
Ǻð
̺ȻȻһЦСųЦݡ
̧˫ۣ§סĲӣ΢΢°ͣϡ
ڵͫ΢ƺЩ仯۾ҲЦ˼֣үĴŶ
Ϣư˵ŵĻ


70  ŲűͰ

΢ô
ڵĿˣ̸׼õ̬ƹ§ӵ֣ʼǰȦȦ
ЦĽᣬѽү˳Ŀֺã⽡׳ؼֱץҵָ
ˮһ
ץסҶС֣мȼյĸоаһЦôʲôѵôõˡ
ǣô
̸Цһ˿ҡ
ɿָ֣ס°ͣ΢΢𣬡Сڹ
޹գգۣү˵ˣֻһ£ġ
ʲô
ңѽû˵Ҳġ
̽Ʊš
ղžǹջģ˭˶ľͷ飬
˵˱ò֮ǲܵõͷţ˾ͻܣţҲһ¡
ЦΣգװ
ҡ
߬߬ԼСȭͷϣͳȥ
Щأϵⶼˣ۵˿ĴȻסǵصǾ

ֳǰ뽫ƿһЩ
ǵصҪѹܿ죬ͱͨ죬Ҳ
Ƿ̧̧
յÿմ˿Ĵٴ£˫֣Ҳʼʵ䶯˶
һҵӿݼ䷢Ҫ
Ĵ˳ƵߣĶ
һ͸һĸ
Ҫʲô
ͳаȵڶ߽
Ƿ̵УֻûǱһһİֽ˺µĸоٿȻӿ
Ҳ֪һƿһӽǽڣȫԼϣƵ˳ûʲô˯˯
뿴ԼӣЦ

ӡ
˯ˡ
˯˻˵
˵λ
̵мա
ΣգôٲͰ㡣
㣬޳ܣ
̽Դӱ¶ŭĿ롣
ûޣ
˯
ߵλá
̿ǵطţȥǲȥ˵²Դ󷢵Ľ˵ɡ
ԥֱֽ˹Ȼ˫۰Ե§䣬һǣۣ˯
ţ˯˯ʲô
벻õšüΪʲôŮˣŲм
ס뱬ֿڵĳ嶯һҲˡ
صŮм
ʲôëɣ
Ů˲ˣ΢΢˹
ȳƵĺﾫգ۾˯һ磬˯
ֲҶ
˴ҹŻ˯˯˹ȥ
ʱѾˡ
Ĵϣ󿴿ҿ
Ĵ
ӱװ޵ĺá
Ϻˮıӣҹ
Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ֱ
ֿŸղűɹͷ
Woc

̣ͨлᣬůʼˣ
ȥʱ򣬾Ͱͷߡ
ô
ſڴ
һˣɡ
߽̿״۾ü΢΢š𣬡ôˣ
ߵǰ˫һ䣬͹˵ϡ
أͷū澰ɣūˣҲ£أūˣū澻ΪҲˡ
޵ϡﻩ
֪ºû˯һξֵǣϴ档
֪̻ˣҲ˯͵ۿܰġ
´ӵϷεҲ㣬ǱȻģûд
ū澰һ˶£ûܼʱҵүū澵ĹһҪݺݵĳͷū澡
ڵϣ˵ʲô
֪Ѿͷֻ˵ǺðɣͷһµĹǮˣɡ
أôİô¡
վ޵Ķ϶š
˵£žˣˣŵϢȥ
ͷ̺ɶūˣūһϵġҴ˵ˣһֱš
뵽ǸСѾͷЦЦȥйɡ
ǣūȥ


71  ܿ

ҴһЩҪעĶɻ˴ϣԴ￪ʼ˼š
˭Ҫɱ
һͬһˡ
ֵ׵˭λã
Է
֪ϢʱЦĺϲ£졣
ϣ໶ϲˣܿ˵ˣǲǺܿͻȢҽˣ
վһԵܿæ˵үԹϲȻġ
Ц˼ˣ͸ˣƽôãߣģ
عүһȥμ糯ˣڻû
ţҪҪȥſڽһأ
Ūָ⣬Цĵ⡣
ܿվһû
ȴڲͣţҪԼ˶ô¼Ůˡ
ֻ£ûȷûأͿʼԼ⸮ϵŮˣޣģ
ܿﻹڵ⣬ûĵĴ˳ȥ
µ̲ס¶ʲôõǵĵŮ
ܿ㣬ʲôѽ
ܿڲݴСʱͻȻһŮ
ܿһ͵վ󣬰һһͷ˵Ҹʲôʲô£۾׵ģûҵأ
ͷһĵ˵ǰȥ׶༪ˣֲ滨Ժʰʰ̫ʦľͻȥȥģүԺźš
ʲôүԺź򣿡
ܿɫʱͱˣ
æһܿС㣬ǱͲˣ˵үԺҪüŮֲȥҼء
ܿһ⻰϶ʱ¶Ц⣬߹ȥðֲû˵ЩԺ˰
˵ֲû˵ֻ˵ԵģƷкõģԺҲһ¡
ܿ۾תתһ̵ӣȥãȥֲ˵˵û£ҲȥүԺźء
ﾪȵĿһۣæţܿʲôڸðû׼δء
ܿϽ˵Ƣã㲻ˡ
ôһˣôƢأ㲻ƭҰɣ
ܿû׵ϣЦ˵ƭʲôҪȥİҪһȥô
ͷһЦϵʵػͦõأҲ֪͵ģȴ˵Ҫүסأҵһ
ðһȥɡ
ܿ۾
£ͷܿһЦǺðɣһȥ
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ʱүŮˣǼŮ˸µĶҩ
ܿԽ룬Խ硣
ۿԺԽԽܿǼޱȡ
ƲģһĨм
˷ܰɣ޵ģ
ܿ㣬ɡ
ܿԺȥֱҡ
ֻܿšһүңүҰ
߽ȥϺЦľŮʱʱɫɷףһҪܡ
̺ɳ֣һŽ߻ſڣżЦ

ܿŶæǰͷĽһ
ȴŵĲС
ȻûͶүķһģǹƭġ
⡣
ǳЦָһûһµİŪŲ豭ǣŵܿ亹
ܿô
ʡ
ܿæͷūǽ֪ܿūʲôô
ĵš
ЦҲûʲô£ǽģýš
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ܿ͵̧ͷɫҰ׵ҡţū澲֪ūʲô֪ܿʲô֪ū澰ɣˡ
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ﲻ֪ٴΣҪ鷳ֱһֻ϶ס
Цһվ
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ܿʧĿŵذ壬亹εεš
˵ˣ֪Բҩġ
˵Ҫˡ
ףҪҪ˵


72   շܿ

Ͻ˵
̺ɲͷĳ˾䡣
̺һɷģܿŵöʱȫˡ
˵ĻǵЦı䡣
ˮݺˤǰĨڣֹŵҪɱһ׮׮£ܿһҲû˵˳
ū澾ֻ֪ЩˣѾ˵ˡ
ܿ߶µ˵š
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ܿңĲС
潫ǺŮӵ˵϶ɱġ
ڡ
˶ɣ벻⿪
ϣЦ
ܿһ⻰ʱ¶ϣǰŲ֪ū˶ܽô
Ҫı֡
Цı䡣
ڵĶǺǳԵİˣ׽⡣
ܿæ˵ֻҪū澽˶ūһúЧģū澻֪ȫ˵
ڣûкͱ̸ʱ
Ŀһۡ
ܿԥһҧ˵ū˵ū澶˵ǵȱϵô
̹ôã
ܿҡҡͷū澲˼ʱȣүǽиҽȥ㿴ģǼ˵Ůӣд򿴣˵պʶŮ򣬿ԸүͰ½ˡ
ū澱Ҳû룬˺ӣū澳ȥҴū˺ö඼Σūȥһкӵˣū澾ȥˡ
ӣǸʲôˣ
ʱȻǸɱŮˡ
Ҳһ¡
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ţ˵ɡ
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ܿū͵͵ĽӴūſţʱūҲ˸ۣǶ˵ʲôԭȵʱȻкӵĸεģõĻ˵ҩǺ˵βȥү뿪ˡ
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73  类ٱ

ЦѽƣҪ±Ȼ㣬Ժúüǵݶɡ
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74   ҰӴ

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75   ϴ

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76   Ƕ

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77  

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죬ûأҹӰʡ
һݣûֻԼȥⶾˡ
᲻Ǻң
ᣬҲܺƽദ˵ˣûһҪҶıҪѡȨ㡣
ҹӰЦˣ㵹Ǹˡ
--
ת۾͵˻ϸ޵һ졣
糯֮ȥĹ
ڱ䣬Ժ쳺·ҲӺһ㣬Ҳһë׵Χ
ԺĽҶ΢̧ȥС䲻䣿
쳺תͷ¶Ц⣬ãۿҪˣٳ͸ˡ
ÿĶ죬ٳš
ȲߣʱҪһֱů͵ĵطܱ֤ѪҺͨȻ˶ἫΪܡ
Ц£ҲҪ̫á
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Һ޲վλԶһЩʡıŭǣ
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Ϊ¼ĵˣҲܺ棬ʲôӦ
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Zظβ͵èһ꣬͵ĲС
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ôһְѻٵһߡ


78  糯粨

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ʷ˵ҪиػҲҪѭ浸أչȻƶɷʲôΪĴӣ﷣ɣ


79  ˽

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ʷɫһ¹ٲҡ
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Ҳ¶뷢࣬Լĺܲҡ


80  ᣬֻһ

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81  򺮴

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82   Ϲ۲Żῴ

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83  ԭʧ

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Ϊ̣
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۾ȻʪˮȾʪǰ½󣬡Բ𡣡
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֡
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84   æѰŮҽ

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85  Ƥ԰׹

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Цĵ⡣
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86  ǲǸˣ

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87   

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˵˵ǸŮ˰Ҳ˵ˣŮ֮ǰȹ룬ֻ壬Ű˽ӵϵģ֮ʲô¶ûУŮҲ뿪ˡ֮ǰҲˣ˵뿴һ˲ţôôֱֱأ̼޸ɱȼ޸ǿˡ
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88  Բ

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ҲЩ̺ɵԸ
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ûһֱȥ
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ҪӪ
̺ƶǶĵͷ°仰ˣŵʱ򣬻úһġ

ڽţĴһ䡣
ﲢǺ죬ԭҲٳ̺ƺҲһʲôʡ
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92   

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94  

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96   ȥ楷

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97  楷Ʊ

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Сi˵
ǹ˹Ӵڿ粻ɣô֪ô
Сi̳ǵķƷվһӣй̣СiҲţһֱ硣
ٿۣƷվ
ѽϵͳʱҪҪһȫܵģǳҽҩϵͳļܣǺоְ־ãоϵͳҪΪ˸βˣͰˡֵʱаĹܴдͱӵƷվˣƺǸˣҲһֱûٵ
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Բˣڵĵȼ̫ˣҪ߼ܽƷվŬѽ˧СiԶ㣬֧Ŷ~~
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101   ժİ÷

Ҵܿͻˣ˶ۡ
̿ǴĻ꣬޵ĵ˵ͷ
̺ɸպʱԺĻ꣬ŵϴ


̺ɵĿ
ҴĿڣ̺ɽ㣬ô
̺ɿ첽ǰһƬ÷꣬ڱǼţȻ͵۾⻨ģǲүԺǰ·ժģ
Ҵͷѽ÷ޣū澺㣬ȫˣٺ١
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̣һรı飬ү÷ôͰժѽү֪Ҫģ
Щ÷Ǵǧ֮˹ġ
˻ʼҵ԰Ҳ÷ˡ
ÿ궼Ĺȣš
ųտ˵һΣͱ˸⡣

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ü΢šһЩ꣬ôˣ
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ɲҪүӣֱ̫ˡ
Ҵһ¶ǡ

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á
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102   

뿪滨Ժȥ鷿飬ҲûĽʲô
ʱѾҹˡ
վ룬ȥ̵滨Ժ
һ˯Ŀνȥʱ˻˯㣬ϵë̺Ҳ䵽һԡ
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103  ̫ܸ

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̴󷽵˸Ȼ楷ǳǳһЦ
楷ǱĸѹˣҲûΪֻ̣żˣԵĽɩ

лĸ󡣡
ϣʺҲϡ
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104  ˪ˮ

ӣҲܲµ顣
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楷ҧгݣ޵òС


105  

ͣ½ŲתһЦ
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ǾȥԸ˰ɣȻȥˡ
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Ҵ˵̫ûټΪʲôҪȥܲϲⲻûʺﲻô
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ЦЦصظȡ㶫ٹŹɺã
Ѧ̾˿Ǻúãǲ̤ʵ˲˵ˣòĸһΣǲ˵Щɨ˵Ļˡ
Ҳ֪ѦܣǽĶϡ
ֻ˴СƿȻû򿪣ǻŵ
ʲô
Ѧʵ
ƿӽˮǾ˪ˮЩ˯Ĥ
ţ
ѦԽԽɻ󣬡ЩǸģ
ЦЩƵĻƷרĸõģϴ֮ȵЩˮģȻͿϾͿ˪ˮҲͿһЩǵҪͿ߶ֻҪһͿˣ˯Ĥ˯ʱϴֱͿľԼˣڶϴɾͺá
˵ţѦҲŨŨĺģղž˵һ˪ˮĶ԰ڣģ


106   ֢

̵ͷֻͻʺЩ˪ˮˮ;ûУǻʥƷĸһϲġû°ɣ̰һ£
Ѧͷá
̽˶һˮȰѦ
ŴϴõǣǮõĻһЩûôֲڣִϴ̱ȣǱȲˣһƤ˺ܴ
Ժ󻹵Щϴˡ
룬ڵĸԺϴñһˮȥϴЩԸõİжױϵƤطˣƽʱһҪúûӱźá
ѦЦŮӶഺפ²ˣϵʱǻϣĸЩҲûô˼ˣֻųܿĵ㣬ꡣ
ЦЦɲĸķŶ֮ǰĸ̣ҪѧúദץסġӶమòŮӣû˻һŲÿϲţһ㣬϶û
Ŀˣǰǲô
⾭һҲôˣүڴҺܺãҲԸúദ
Цš
Ѧ⻰οĵ뷨ĸܸˣǸúӣ˱Щ϶ãҲǰġˣϵǸŮôˣ
룬ظ֮ûˡ
˵ǱүԺˣҲ֪ʲô
Ǿͺãʡĳܵң취Ūȥɡ
Ѧ˵
ЦЦûм⣬ǵЩˮͿѦţĸˮͿĨ֮󣬿ģԴٽգ΢һЩڵЩͿϣһͿ˪
˵ţѦϰĦš
ѦЦⶫζֺŵģоǻ
ԣЩûģ԰ĻˣŪЩĸ
Ϳ˪ùͭѦ
ѦžԼСĵϲƤ˲ãҲ̫ˡ
ЦԺԽԽõġ
ʲô
ʱſڴ쳺
תһۣǳǳһЦû˵ʲô
Ѧ˷ܵĳȥĸƤǲǺ˺ܶࣿ
쳺Ŀһۣĵ˵쿴ܿЩʲô
⺢˵ʲô͸ĸĻƷʲôˮ˪ʲôģˮأ̿ˡ
ѦţϵСƿӣ쳺˵仰
쳺һ͵ģȻ˹ȥǰߣСƿϣڱǼţζȷʵ
ѵÿ˾䡣
ѦϵЦĸ˵ûɣƤǲҲˣ
쳺ŽĿϸ˿
ʵѦƽʱҲעرϾòռƵġ
ÿ궼ĺ󹬣Ҫõĳ谮һҪһƯ
Ů˵һ䣬ɱĻᱻʴ
쳺Ѧ˲ٵ΢΢𣬡ĸƤǺ˺ܶ࣬͸ûôˣƯˡ
ѦЦĺܿģ˵ãǾһá
ִóһɫĴƿݸ쳺Ǹġ
ҵģ
쳺Щȣû뵽Ҳ
̵ͷү˵Ź˯߲ãо˸˯ߵ͸㣬ԺʧߣȡͿĨ̫ѨӦúܿ˯ˡ
ʵкܶ˯ߵķֻȽϷˡ
ԺʱлᣬһЩѬ֮ġ
쳺еĴƿµ¶һĨɫζܺš
ڡ
Ǿζ
ˡ
Ѧ̸ϲ
̼ѦЩ⣬ȥúϢ쳺˵˵
Ѧһ⡣
ĹƽҲǺܹ¼ŵһˣ˵˵һЩ
⻰ȴ쳺ü΢šɵĿһۡ
̸ˣҲû쳺飬λӡ
䣬ٳȥ꿪ůٳȥҲ١
˵
쳺ĮĿһۣڹң
ĵܵܣȻҲǱĵܵܣʲôô
ģ
쳺˼֡
ҡҡͷڵ£ԹԵĸԼ˱ˮǳǳһЦүôæ˼ңԼģ˳ʺʺܵܡ
ҲҪ㡣
쳺䵭˵
ȴһЦǰҿɲģ֮ǰô飬ûһҪӣ̬ΪΣ
̣²֢ɣ
쳺


107  κȵˣֻ

ЦⲻĿ֢֢֮ǰݺҵ£һûأ
Ҫ˹ǰϷôᱻѪҹܻ̫ʦ˶С
ۺСҰǳôܡ
쳺Цſ˵ʲô
ΪʲôҪô
Ư۾
˺ܾãҲ벻쳺Ķ
ѵһֱڻػϵ
ֵģƺѾܺƲϵ˰ɣһ쳺ۿġ
쳺ӣĮûΪʲôúѡ
֪֪ΪٶҲ㱻
֮£йϵô
쳺̧ӣ峺͸
˵Ļȴżɭ
ЦţȻûϵˣݺҵ£ͺйˡ
Ŷôأ
쳺һġ
϶̲ô
°ͣڻ治֪ôԺ֪ģֻҪǵãҾͺˡ
ǡ
쳺Цһ
ġ
˵ĸ֡
Ҳĸ֣˴˱˴ˡ
ȻݵĳĬ
һ쳺ڣΪʲôҪȥͽʺ楷ƣ
ţҰͽǣ
գգۡ
쳺ﶼˣȥʺ޹˪ˮ楷˵ء
Ϊ楷ڹ˵Ļûء
һη˵
ŲţҲÿˣţţţҲûŵıҪˡ
쳺˵Ȱʺ楷Զһ㣬󹬲ĺԺҰ΢ߴһʬ޴³
̵ͷллŵˡ
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쳺üЩ
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쳺ָ߬ΰ֡
ÿô󶯾޷Ǿ˵עˡ˶˵ʴӱйĿı죬ȴ֪£û˻֪Խ˽£ԽǲԼ壬ƾʲô˶վȴҪһϣű˵ͳЦǲʲô
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ʮĴţʹ룬Ҳ̫ʲôʱ򴫳ģֻ˵˵ţټҲˡҸȲߣѪϰ֢ûκ⣬⴫ԣǲԼȥģ
̣죡
쳺ָ߬ΰ֣Щ
ҿԱ죬ܸܲңΪʲôҪĸˣΪ裬Ĺһһź㣬ʱʱΪ㵣ǵ˯ţҲҪĻƢôĺڵһˣΪĲұҽ̫Ҳ۰мӣ㵽׻ʲôģʲô
գ۾һֱϡ
쳺ŭ󣬽ƽһᳶ㶼˵Σ˵ȥ˻ôǲ·Ҳκ˲Űɣｮʢһ죬ͨͨҵĽ¡㣬ֻ̣Ҫһ仰Ū㣬ô
쳺Ц
ô޺˵Ļȴ˽ŵ
̲ȻһЦţҵȻţ쳺ŲţκȵˣֻҡɱңȣҲվˣ㻹ô
쳺ǵЦʧǧ꺮


108   ҩ

ǰŴĹߣž˵쳺ַ˲
Ѫݣ̫ҽԺ̫ҽȫܹˣ˵һΣء
̵ûϡ
쳺ڵٺΣֲ
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ϲû˵һֱĹ쳺һҹ
̱Ҳڴһҹ
Ҳ֪ԼΪʲô˯ţһ뵽ҪǸˣеµĻš
ǸŮˣú
ƫƫ쳺ˡ
û֪쳺˵ǸʲôĴڣмġ
ã쳺ģ϶û档
ŵ»ҪȥʺҩţǿԼ۾Ϣһ Ľ˹
峿䡣
ۿŻвһ¾ҪˣϵҲ˼ϲ졣
㣬Ѿˡ
ʱĺܿ죬Ҳı䣬Ӧ
Ź̫ҽȥĹˣūұ̫ҽԺֻðѽԺǮ˸ˣǮȻ빬ʱж̣Ϊ˼飬Ҳѧ
ʺŮЦ˵
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⹬ŷǧˣҲǸӴˡ
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Ź粻ƫƫʱҲǽ񡣶ū˵һ£ⲻ֪Ǽ١
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ǰһС˵ū˵ֽ֮һȥĹ˴ʱûãŹӾͷˣ˵ĹŮ˵뿪󣬾Ź﷢˺ôƢӣֵôء
ʺǹһĨЦ⣬ɾȤˡǸģôϷ룬ģҪѦҪҪ׷
֮ǰZ楷쳺ǰûٳԿÿζǵ쳺ᱻѦڻǰݺݵĸ״ֵĲݡ
Ҫ׶ϱѶˣֲˡ
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ÿˣʺѾſɲˡ


109  ӽΪū

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ЦȰĸãȻˡ
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ҪҲеСڻʺ޹Ҳֻҹڵϣͷ̧һ¡
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˼Ǳں˵˵ˣ
ʺ
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һۣһЦĸͱŻǮˣǮ˸빬ãСıˡ
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װˣ˵ˣ
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楷ίı죬ŮǺǼĹ˵һ˭֪ʹȥˡ
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ĸƷƲǸ˼楷ƺۣǱݸ߹󰡣ǾǺ̲һӵŮӽΪūô
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楷ƿ˵ƷƼöˣСаʱſڴŮˣ˵¼ĶӾҪӵϣЩūġŮݱǸ߹ˣĸ󹬵˰


110  ǵ

楷ƲԼʲô
ѵ߹Ǵ
ĸ󱾾һ֮ƾʲôҪǫãЩ˾ˣµˣȨ֧ūǡ
˭ûͶ̥Ǳ΢
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ڿ֪ƷƴСǹɸ߹󾢶ˣǰ÷ƷûʲôϾȷʵ̬һЩС۸Ͳˡ
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ĸҪǽҵ㣿
楷ƾȵĿ
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楷ƻ˵ʲôӵū߰ɡ
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ҧ´ĵĴӵվ˳ȥ楷һģЦҲҲΪá⹬ǸǷ֮أҲֻɳһЩ
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ǮһŲ˼Ŀ˵ʵ¹Ҳûʲô£ǸղڻʺΪ¹ٽΧ¹л
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111  Ѫܷ֮

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һʲô˵Цģ
˵ǻʺ޹ʵҾ˵һ䣬Χղڸлҡô㻹Һʲô°
뿪ڣ̼˵ҾҪͱ£ҲҸ˧ĺõѽȻұ˸ʲôǲǣ
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̵ͷС˵֮ǰĸͦõģҪˡ
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˵ĸһ򽫾ŵܿĺغأӲκ˺һһ˵ˣɱҲһġ
⹬ͲὲĵطͿ͸ˡ
̧ͷȻ֪ΪʲôҪã
ǶԱҲܺã˵ˣȥɡ
ǲԸ˵Щܿʹȥ쳺ķ䡣
ҽææ
ʱ쳺ڻ˯Уҽľһоβķ
Щһҹû˯۾໵ͨ죬ʵڼֲסģͿСϢƬ̡
̺ҲֻǼ򵥵Ĵкֿʼȥˡ
ҹȥһ¡
£Լȥ
ֻ쳺԰ڴϣ΢΢ؿڣʱһˡ
ûһѪɫ촽ɺԣһЩ
ֱϱźıˣѪš
ҽһ¡
̽һӡ
ҽæ˹񣬡
ҽȿŹʲô
ҽ˵Źõ󴦵Ķ˿ھͲϣڸֹסѪ˵ɴֹѪӻѪٶȣվǸ⣬Ѫ
ҽһ˵ֱҡͷ̾Ϣ
ҽʮأǵһ˼Ϊͷ۵Ĳ
̵ͷʾ˽ˣڿʲôð취
ҽҡҡͷķ϶ǲеģҷ˷ҽ飬йһĲʱõǽѪܷϵİ취ЩҲᰡҸʲôϣηϣЩһ֪ͷ۰
̸ղҲ뵽취
΢ҿԣҪæ
ϾŴûи߶˵ѪּΪϸҪ˿ŷŴ󾵣ſԡ
ɲģ㵱ԣ
ش˾һ
̵ͷȥ׼Щɡ


112  ׼

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ڴߣ쳺Ļ
ֱ쳺Ƥͫ峺û⣬ֵʱ쳺ͻȻ۾
ģĿ
̴һӴˣ

쳺ɤɳƵĿ˿ڡ
޺һЦǹˣϾĲҽѲ⣬ڳңû˿Ծˡ
쳺ŴһԲĿ
ղЩӹҽ˵Ļһ
ʵҲں°ɣ
ЦС˵һ䡣
쳺ͫһ֪Լ¶ˣû뵽Լ˿ھȻôȺҽһ취ûУҪˣʵҲʹˣĸҲͲΪģҲΪҪŪˡ
Цĵ⣬ҲϣˣҾûĺܶ࣬Ȼ˵ҲûʲôӰ죬˵Ǹ޹ؽҪˡ
쳺ĵ
Ŀģúģ
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á
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شĻϲĳȥˡ
ʱ·ֻϴһɫһĶüͷ΢΢
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һ
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쳺ֱ۷ڸɾ̺ϸĵϣ̱㿪ʼüϵɴ
Ѫܿ˳
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ףⶫˣʲô
꣬С㣬
ҽͱش˸һ
ǳǳһЦ޷ⶫֹѪУԼ˿ѪٶȣʱѪܡ
ԸҽҲʳԼɻ
ⶫûʲôԭ𣿡
򵥣ҲһϵҽϿģʱ˿Ը
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̽˳
ⶫûвҴţǴ󷽷ĵŴҵչ
ٸϸ̽Բͬ룬ҽǵһ
¹ټˡ
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ǴŪˣ

ҽੲҪʵʱֻһһ顣
ҽǴͷŵʱȫ죬һͷڹ꣬۰Ͱ͵Ŀš


113  Ѧ쳺

̿룬Ц⣬ʼĸ쳺ֱ׼ˡ
һҽϢţ۾գգһ£»ʲô
룬ߣʼϸһѪܣ뽫Ŵ󾵿ƺãʼķ
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ЦᣬкĻͲ˿ˡǿ߱漸λ⻬ϸ´Ѫܣµ˺Ҳû˿ԶϿ죬õĶ

žҪΪˣеִ͵ҽηҳΪ
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Ȼ¾ûҽβõĲˣΣֻҽˡҽѧҪокܶ࣬ԺͶˡ
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ҽΪһַ֮ͶݵͶأ뵽⻰ǿǵģҲǹĥ쳺ġ
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ǣ

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һ
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һΣں
΢ҪڵĻѹĵס
ղŲ̲ס˵ԣһӵĺ
ѦҲ̲ס˽æߣôˣ㲻Ҫĸ㵽ôˣ
һᣬ쳺ûзӦĸ͡

ˣ죡
쳺ͷ˵һ䡣
Ѧû£ΪЦϽ˲ᣬû¾ͺû¾ͺãˣ㵽ô°Ϊʲô벻˭Ū˵ģǲ̣
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ѦȻܲ쳺شҲƽһδ쳺
ӾҲһ˫۾Ѫ
ڶʹġ
ѦһܵĻԼŮϽǰסϢŭϢŭ
쳺ȴûиоһ۾˵ȥһ˾һ


114  ˣ

ʱҲסѦ֣˳ȥ
ѦĿԶȥ
̧ͷһۣҲһۣҽԸţúչ˾Źӡ
ǣү
ֺҽ˵һһߡ
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ʡ
üͷ΢㻹Ҫڹ
̵ͷһøʺҩţʱ䣬ҪÿˣҪܾá
üĲãʲôȥˡ
ҡҡͷУֹڴңҵҸԺԿĿɽʺõѡİɣҲµģҲһġ
Ҫְ취̫Σˡ
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۾ﻮһĨ⣬İɣҲСŮҺǿ󣬿ܱеģҪǿ󡣡
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á̴Ӧʹ졣
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á
Ц
쳺黹ûнҲбæ뿪ˣ˵ϻһظ
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صŷʱǮſڷŴ֪Щʲô
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ǰʱҪˡ
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Ǯ˵İ㻹ǵǰ򺮹ȥʱ𣬵ʱڳſڿ뿪ģһкء
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Ǯȴ˷ǵþͺãʱ¹ٿһۣ;㳤ĺŮ·ŮûֻǺ¹ҽѧȥѧҽʱ򡭡
Ǯͣ⣬̾Ϣһ
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²̳ܺΪˣԸ⵱ߵĶ󰡡
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ǮҲ뵽һĻͷǺðɡ
ϵʳһһľͿˡ
컹ô
ǮڴĿ
˼֣ǮˣǻʺɹҵģҲŶôʲô˼ͱֱҪʺ󻻸ˡ
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Ǯæͷ
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ģ
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ǡ
С̫æ̹ȥˡ
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̱ԶһЩĵطš


115  ȥ

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Ǵ·С̫ˣһЦүҵһæˣ
ã´ڸߣүҪһܳ
˵
߾Ǳս£Ƕڽ顣
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Ǻˡ
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116  ĸԸ

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㡣
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˵ССľͺУӸձõʱĸʵûаѹľϣ󹬵ŮӶ뵽õʳ谮ģĸ裬ҲΪԺСиõ滷
Сĸܣܹ¶Ҳܿ־壬£ԻŪԼ£ĸע⣬ΪÿֻҪһˣĸͻһֱߣҲĸʵڷֲŸʽĹ͸һһչС
Сĸ飬ҲĽ˵ǰĸסʱ򣬻ʹˣֻʣһˣԸҲԽԽƫҲԽ׽͸
ǵһκ˵ôĻҧ´Ŀһֱϡ
Ȼ쳺ͬ飬ҲۣҲһζݰ
㲻ã˽ô
Ѧס乬һĵطĵȥ
鲻ãͰԼŪˣ̫ҽԺˡ
ƺҪȫ綼Χתһ
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ЦЦ˾ûв˽ģСģΪˣػΡ
롭
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̵ĺȻ;һ¡
ſʼףһֱǹʲôˡ


117  

Ǳ߾ս½صȥ鷿ˡ
һƵ߻滨ԷڴϵʱкȻӵ
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ЦһͷҲãʡĲ֪ߵغЩȥߣ汻ɱˡ
ǡ

ʵҹӰȵ˼־ò˼
֮ǰ׷ɱȻˣǷһ顣
룬ԺǾҪһΪˡ
ɲϲ
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ÿ򲻵ѵʱǲаͷģ
--
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ǮҽӻҲ졣
ò죬ͿԲùˡ
̳ʱ
̡
ϤЦת硣
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˵ʺ岻ʣҹЩҩţǸæ𣿡

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˵ͣס˼Զ
ЦҺͻʺ֮ʲôûУǵİѣ粻õģæӣǳʲô𣿡
£̾˿ǰ߾ū󽫾д϶ದЩսʣ󽫾˴ģ
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ǻϵ˼أ
ϣĿǰûиȷ˵
Цҡҡͷ˵ˣ̰֮ǰҰõŮҽսʵҪؾģʱݱ¶ˣô죿
£򿡾е硣
һԼãһԼֵܣѰ
Ц֪֪ˣҺ󽫾ûʲô£οһءˣæʲô
մھӪҲ֪
׽͸ĵܵܣһΡ
˼ֳѰ
嶼ðɣ
ͦõģ㣬ʱȥ
á
Ŀ뿪ȥ˵á
øϿ׬ء
˰ˣСiӯ
СiֱQ˳
̹˹һֱûѽⲻǰʱæôʲô
ܼ򵥣Ҫͣۻ֣Ҫ1000֡
ôࣿ
ԣֶˣҲͶ࣬ɹҩƷҲ϶ˣϴ쳺С⣬ҪϽ׬ѽ
á
ȥõ·ϣ˳ԼЩ򵥵ĻƷˮ
۴Ҫȵˡ
ûʺ楷Ǹһʱ䡣
̷·Ԥ뵽ԼγΪһСţǵЦҲӯ˼֡
Ĺ
쳺ڴϡ
ĵĵ£ָҲ㻹졣
˿ûô峺ɾˣͷż
Ѧڴߣޱ̾Ϣһԩ̣ѾͷҪˣ˵ĸʱôûסƢأǹңܡ
쳺һǸαƵװɣǲǺܸˣ
˵ʲôأ
Ѧü


118   ҩ

Ĵҳ֮󣬸ʲǶ꺮ů۰мӵģָ˶ٶ
쳺һЦ
Ѧʱ۾ͨ죬ôĸ裬Ҫ֪㣬ͲðĹ
ҽôĹû׼ס乬Ҳ˵쳺̱
Ѧ͵վ쳺˵ЩʹôЩΪ㣬ĹҿԹһ֣ڵãշѾ˼סҪúûţȴң㵽ûģ
һţһüֵôˣǸ̤һɡ
쳺
ѦĲᣬһĸ֪󲡳鲻ãҲ㰮ôô룬û㣬¹Ĺ˭ܰôŲɣҽ궼ʮˣʲôģֻҪܰȵĶȹ°ͺˣ㣬㿴㻹ʣĻͷҪô
һмĻͷֺô
쳺Ŀ
ѦͷΣ̫ѨҲ˵ˣ־壬ʧģúɡ
Ѧ˳ȥ
쳺Ŵᣣһ
֪ѦΣǱһɻͷų
Ѧͻ̹
Ǳ̬
쳺Լﲻģ˵Ļȴˣ̱
̧֣˿Χŵɴ̵Ӱ
Ůˡ
Ů˾Ȼ˶Դ
һһߡ
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쳺̱ﲻһˣϰˣġ
쳺ĵĲ˭վĽǶȣһأ
--
Ůȥ֪̲ûڸϣһֱš
̫ɽ֮ǰŻȥģŮ˼ġŶһ
ûգʱİɡ
ŮʱͼˣˣȥŹӰɣŹָ﷢Ƣˣȥòã
Цı䣬쳺ģ˵ˣҲкܶ£Ϊһ˷ģܵܺɩӹϵ׽ҲиȲǣ
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á
ͷҲص뿪ˡ
̺ߵŮǰ޺۾˵ȷʵæҲЩȥɣʵѦ˵Ϊġ
Ůû취ֻֻ˹
Ѧ˵֮ѦҲû˵ʲôȥ쳺
쳺һ˸
һҹû˯ž
ߣҲȡ
쳺һ֣ҩڵϡ
ҩŮŵæء
ҽһȰŹӣҩʱܺðҩģаġ
졣
쳺ıۡ
ҽּȰŹӣҩһúȰ鱡ֵ˶ǿֻܵİ
˵ˣ졣
쳺ŭ
ƫƫҽǸ룬Ǹĵġ
쳺̬жӣǺƢһȰš
ҩˤһ룬Ǿٶһ롣
̫ҽԺҩжǣֻҪˣˤһ춼ûϵ
쳺ĲУǿԼ˯
ɺҽ͸ħһ

쳺ۣҧ˵
ҽ˵æأûա

ûգȻҩЩ֮ȥ
쳺ɫͨ졣
ݺݵ˺ҽһۣҩ˹
˹˼ں¡
쳺ҩ賯ҽˤȥҽϽ㿪¶Ц⡣
ǾŹӺúϢ¹ȸˣЩٹҩ

쳺ֱҪˡ
϶ôӬǵģ˵Ľиͣ
ҽѦ󣬻̫ҽԺ濴ҩģæǰ̹֡
취¹ټֱͶأǰĸ;Ź˵¹ٲݵ˵£İҩˡ
ҽЩ˷ܡ
ŹǳѸ㣬ղ뿪ʱѦúõĿһء


119   楷ϴ

ЦͰ쳺һ߻ĺӺˣֻŤˣСƢ͸˾ͺˡ
лл
ҽĴָ
Դϴڴһǰչʾ̫ҽԺ˶Ǿηмӣںһҽ֮󣬸Ǳ̵ҽѧ۷
̻кܶСǲæʱ򰡣ʲôʱʺûм̵ӰɫЩơ
Ƣأ
¿ӣ
̾˿˵˵ƢɣÿҲʱʳ˵ûƢɣȷʵҲ⾰ʹˣǲҪ̨°
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춼ڹҲûȥūҲ˲٣Ƕϴ˵£ȥˡ
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긩ӣǣ
楷һ˵ȥϴŭҲŲȥñϴ붼Ҫ롣

ε̾ϢһʺҲΪã˭ѽֹֹ𣿡
Ȼ룬ֹǸӣͲء
ǲ͵ˣ㵽ǸֹأǸѽ
ߣȻֹ
楷ҧ´֪˼ˣģȥ
ū澴ȥ
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楷Ʋš
̵һЦЩ¿ԲСЩ±С˶еߺϵģ˵ǲǣ
˵ˣҸǸвУˣΪĸ󶼽ҺüˣҺݺݵһ٣ҶŮŮˡ
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ܸĸЩʳĸ϶Ҳ˵ġ
˵ǧ֮Щֻ
楷ƾͰõĻ°֪ͺãҾԱ߿ţʱñ

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ǡ
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楷һͷˡ
Ȥ治֪ϲʲôȥ԰ɣ
ȥ
̺ܲӵֱӾܾ
̣
楷ƴһ
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ʱŮС˽楷ƶ߶һͼ楷۾һЦ˻ôʰ
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ʲô£
㵽˾֪ˡ
Ҳֲ⣬楷ǰקˣ
̸ţûһ˵ĹԶļɽ
楷ƿʫ߽Ĺҧгݵ˵˺ϴαش򣬽챾ǵôɡ
üͷͲ鷳
ǣأֻҪܳ嵽ҹҲɣ˵ˣϴһˣأֹǸӰ˱һƣҪٸҴ򣬾Ϳ˭ɣ
ӣû˵
Ĺ
Դϴֹ楷˦һƣһֱڹҲҳȥ
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ʫֹ֪£ػظҲû˵ʫ֣׶䵭˲١
ʫίܵˣ׼ֹ߿ࡣ
˽Ů䵭˵ֹ˺þãݡ
ȥˣҲһɫûС
ĸ岻ô
ʫе㵨ӣ̽ʡ
ֹʲô𣿡


120  ʫŴ

ʫһۣԥҪҪ˵
ֹȴûĵ˵û¾߰ɣˣҪϢˡ
ʫҧŴ
Ÿ磬Ǹ꣬ʲô۵ģԾͲô
ǹɲĻˣĸʫʫΪ
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ʫҲܲ
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ʫ㵽Ҫʲô
ϻࡣ楷ƻ䣬̧Ǽ⡣
ʫͷͣܿ
楷ԼЦĵ⣬㻹һظ״ôΣǻʹةฮĺԺΪݺܸˣֹǺӱ˵ʹʲô֪ôĶ
楷꣬ۿԵŮٸɫ⼸ƣĶԵ״ȥؿ϶۵ġ
ĹŮЬʼžžʫ͡
ʫһŮҲû⣬ץţһһƵĳȥ
üͷ塣
楷ܳ裬Ҳôĵɡ
͵Ҵ򣬵˭
ٿ֣תҪ뿪
ʱŮæס˵ţ׼ߡ
楷ƴʫҲߵŮŮʱ򣬸߰ĲС
⵭ĮĿߣô
³ôɲʲôƢˡ
ŮĻ䣬ͱ̧һ⣬ֱȵڵء
Ŀ̣ӷ
̾ӸµĿһЦǺܱǸҲʲôƢˣ㲻һССĹŮԼݣСôĶ֪
ת뿪
СŮݺݵĵıӰһۣæȥ楷ơ


121  ս

楷״ݺݵĵһۣûõĶ˶ס
ʫѱǶѪŴ뿪
أû°ɣ
ʫŮǰ
ʫڵϻ˺һǲŻָ˲٣أ
ôֹס
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ʫһ߿һʡ
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ʫһһҧةฮ
ǡ
ة˼ʫôأЩ˹ȥϽ˰ةлˡ
ةһʫҲĲУصӣҲ̫޷ˣôôݵ֣ͽȥǰ״

ʫһϸͿõҩûһͱˮˡ
ʫʫôˣ
ةϽǰ
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ʫǱˡ
楷Ұˡ
ݸͲ˵ʹ˵
Ժͷ̧ͷģǴδα楷ԣԺô
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ةü㲻֪£
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ضһ㶼á
ʫûţǰ˵ĻǼٵģŮȢ֮󣬾ûйʲôɫŮ֮ǰû˵̵ǴΣ鲻ûһأأŮ޵ĵǸʲô˰
ةةһʱ
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ס̵ļ磬ģ磬Ȼȥһԭ򡣡


122   뿪

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Сүҵһʲô
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ˣ ҩ᲻̫ѽ
Сi۵ĳ
ٸҰȫˡ
˵࣬߾ǱкܶΪս˵ˣòϣҲܻϵģ㣬Ҳָܹҿ׬ѽͲ취
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֪ˣİɣһʤͻ㡣
á
⼸һ򺮾һ
ۿ˾Ҫˣôֹס
СӣǱߺúõģƽƽĻ֪
İһġ


123   춨֮

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ϣһףݡ
̷ų㣬㿴˧˰
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˵
֪˵΢ǣ΢ǱǴǣ֮ǰϿǵѡҲйǺȴǲ֮ףӦùĺܲ˳ɣ룬Ǵʲôʱ򣬿ʼ˳ġ
ŴǣɫЩѿ
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ɫѿȭͷ߬


124   ʱкӣ

ˮŪ˼ָ̣˼£ﲻ֪߶ʲô
һȻһ
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̳ɻҲͦʱˣ׼ʲôʱҪӰ
̫ʵ
̶һۣм顣
̫֪˻ûԲأҪ˰ɡ
һ˵ĸȥͺŬȡĸӡ
յƲһۣ˵˵ʲôء
ǹʱ仹ûӳ̫󲻵ö
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ķ̣ͷ͵ĺ޲Ҹطȥ
룬˵˵ʲôأ


125   

̫ȴĺܿġ
С˵ģƤŻˡ
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ĸ󡣡
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ԼܵּӸѦһݡ
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ѦҲ¶Ц⣬ҲǶǱĹͣҲлʺƽյչˣ̫󣬻ԼλչˣС岻ãʲôǵĴҲĵĵطҶൣ
̨µĶɫ΢΢䡣
ѦڼϣŻ ˵⻰ Ҳ˼
ⲻڻǰҪô
Ժ˭ǵ쳺ˣ쳺Ժ˭˳ۣǲţ
˭Ҳɵڹϳ²
쳺Ҳܶ㡣
һЩ빬˽Щɣ벻ôˣ쳺ϵӣǺ档
ôû˵⹬и岻ð
Ҳû˵ǲܳɡ
Ӧðղ˵ѦĶô⻹ܳ裿


ļ۷׷ףн빬Ϊܳ
ФǾݿĵŮҪأܻӡ
빬Ҳܿ͵õ˻ϵĳ谮
һٷ
ڽ棬ͷ͵ġ
ܳ˴඼Щлϵĳ谮ͿʼΣ޼ɵ
ܲܳ裬һзϰˣôʲô
̫е󣬵˵⻰ʱȻͰȫ
ɫͱͨ죬ҧŴϡ
ղ˵ʲô
ʺһĿ
æ˵û˵ʲô
ʺŭһ˵㾹ȻŻش𣬵ûн󹬵Ĺط
Ͻڵϣϡ
ԹĿ
ţԻ϶ĳ谮̶ȣһΧġ
˭ֻ֪ĿŽ
˭ǲзϣ
ʱ쳺Ȼ˿ڡ
ĮĿϣĮƺڿһ


126   ҹ

ŵɪ£ӷ
ɫѿ֪Լ˴鷳
˵Բ˵˻ϻʺҪ֪ˣ
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ϳȥҹ
쳺䡣
糡˶ʱǴҳһ¡
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ѦʱЦû˸ҵһʶǺôĵӣ˭
֪ˣԭɣĴ
Фһģֳ̧Լȥ
ĴĴ
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ղźФһ̸۴µɣ˿ȫͷӷ
˵һ仰ҪҲ̫ˡ
ѹֶ˵ʹǳ˲¹ͷĵط

Ѧֿ쳺

쳺ڵ˵
ʱ̫˿ڣúõļ磬ǵŪôһ£ʵ£ȷʵ÷ˣټѪȣȥɡ
л̫л̫󡣡
Фؿͷæܿˡ
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쳺ӣһ仰˵
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Ǳ˽ҿѪԵ˿ڣջڱ˵УΪĶ
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ֿ룬ŵź⣬һ˺žơ
СһסһЦСһ취κ쳺ȡ

ӦһסС֡
׵Ĩ⣬Ҳɢȥ
ʫ򸾶ģ⣬ٿԱֻͷȾƵأһ֪б°ѳһԼûͣ۵ļ˶
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졣
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˼ֱһĻסˡ
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ۡ
ʺסǣ̲ס¶Ц
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϶죬ЩɢһǺȶ˵ģ
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ȥ
ֹֺһ
С̫ϽǰסأȴһһŸ߷ڵء
ַŭָʫ㿴ǲǣ˦һ˭أΪķǵȢ㲻ʲôˣ
һʫϣʫ³һѪ
ŵֱˡ
ˣǲǣ
ź
Ƿˣ
عЦɨһȦ֮󣬺Ȼ̵ϣЦų߹ȥ
ǷˣẒ̇ŻȢĵȵ̣
ػͷһ䣬̵ּķߣ۾⣬֣̣֪ˣԭҺòã㻹ǰҵǲǣ㣬ҲɼҲܣ̣ԭҿ𣿡
ؿ޵ӡ
ֹʱѾ˵
̼üͷȶˡ
뵲ߣڵӱĿء
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ֳ̧Լϴţ˵ϴĻ
ʫֱ˹ȥ
ֹҲһҰף죬ߣ


127   ֹܷ

̣ԭҰɣ̡
̵ֳķ
Ȼ̶俪ڣ߻ʵܣȶˡ
û࣡룬㣬ҵ̣
̧ȭͷҪϴȥ
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ɫ䡣
Ͻǰˣ˵ʫҲȥ
ֹϣɫ԰ף¶ţϡ
ʧĿ
صһӣŭֱ˷ףô̵Ķӣ
ŭ뿪
̫Ҳ̾Ϣҡҡͷʺʣµɡ
ǣĸ󡣡
̫ͻһߣȨıǻʺˡ
ʺЦſֹɫ֮£ǹڵĳţĪԴԱϣ޹ص˶뿪ɡ
ǣʺ󡣡
½½뿪ֻʣ¼йصġ
ѦʱŻʺЦЦʺ㣬ҲˣųȻȥˡ
ȥɡ
Ѧ쳺뿪ˡ
ʺֹÿʲôҪ˵ģ
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֪ûֻϵù
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̾˿ǸоʱǨǰȻǺܳڣҲĹʣһҪܾö̧ͷˡ
ۣ
Щ䡣
̧ͷĿ⿴۾˵˵һоûУһǼٵģϾҲйһθ飬Ҳˣֻ룬ԺԽԽƫô졣
ԭסصʱȻûӦҲһֱԥ
ջԼ֣˵ű棬Ф뱾ûжˡ
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վĽǶȣȷʵҲ
û˻Ը⿴˶űﰮ⣬֮ǰˣĿ֮¡
ˣһֱ
ס룬ͷǰ˵ֻһ㣬ڣѾûˣҺòã
Ĭ
̾գգۣ˼ҽ춼ŵˣ㲻οһô
Ž
ͷһץסС֣ظ˵
̿˼ȴƮȥ˱ĵط
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΢΢¡
ȴ˴һţ㽫̰ݵĴϣѹȥ
ڵӾֱǵûеط
Ӱɡ
һȻڡ
ҡ
ܾĻ
ƽ
Լ᲻ʼûҪŮ뿪ˡ
ǰܾʱ仹ܶ࣬档
òϣղصľٶһ˲Ļš
̳ԼЩ۵ʱ
ϵŮˣ޸Ůˣһ˵Ĵڡ
ģġ
ݲһɳӡ
㰮ô
ʡ
͸ϡ
أ
벻ʡ
˵Ҳ֪ǲǰҿԿ϶˵ϲˡԸһȥ㣬ԸҲôĺĵ֣
档
Щš
ǻ˾䣬Ը⡣
ԣⱲֻһŮˣȢˣߺ˷ϵô
һ˾͹ˣҪôŮʲô
ü΢š
һ鷳
Ů˾鷳Ĵʡ
̴һĨЦ㲻ƭҰһԭġ
ס°ͣҲǣˣƭ³һܲҺܲң
Ĳס
ԣݲһ˿һƭ


128   Բ

̶ۣá
ͷĴǻ೨飬̱ҲûôˣȴǶԤҪ飬еߡ
Ůһڤڤ֮оͻ֮ܶ⡣
̱ԼŮˡ
һӦǹ˲ɽҽһһʰ
ڵͫȾ
̶
ɤͳɳƣ̶
̱ۡ
һҹ컡
ֱڶѣϾ͸ѹһʹ
뵽һĨ⣬롣
ôͣһ㶼ϧ
ǵһκòá
Ȼûû˵ģ͸֪ƣһ
ʱ˯Ĵϣһͽˣûǰ̺ǽ˹
ؿǼĲС
үԲˣ
үԲˣ
֪Ϣܲ
εˡ
ūź𴲡
Цų߹
ԼϵϺۼæܾãȥŪЩˮϴ衣
á
Ͻȥˮ
ԡͰȵˮûϣžһЩ
ȻԼÿ
ƭ˴ȻǷޣɻǡ
ҧŴġ
̫棬ӣûв
ֱһ˫ִļϣűһҪЦһʲôأô棿
˲佩ס쵽˶
㣬ô˭ģȥ
һΪ顣
ȻѾϵˣû̬뿴ѽ

ֱ̼Ҫץ
ƺãǽ̫ãȻͷţҲЩ
Ϸ޵ˣʲô
߲ߣ
漱ˡ
֪ƤҲͲڶ˽б
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ϴ𣿡
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ǡ
˰ԡͰ˳ȥ˽
ƺں֮УЩҿ˶㡣
Ūˣ
ڴߣסС֡
һѽֳ˻ر˵ûС
ôˣ
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ҧŴ˵治֪Ǽٲ֪
ͷϵıƿƯ߷ߵĿ˵룬´ζܲһ㣬ҪһֱҪûòã˵Ҫˣ㻹
Щ˵ڡ
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Ȼ֪ⲢĴʱƢ
Ц£Ҳ֪СŮ˸ëˡ
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տʼʱ˵һΣأ
һΪΪ˵пŶȵġ
쵰ˣ
Ŀŵš
ȴһ㶼ֻ˵رɰ
ӳϾһֱ¶ɵЦƢҲû
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ˣ˵صô
ʡ
ȴ˵ҪΪǰˡ
룬㣡
ֱ̼ץ
㲻ϲ
ü΢š

̿ϲ̫ͻȻˣһʱЩܲˣȻԺҲһֱĻǱԸġ
̳һЦ
εĹ𴽽ǣرʷ˼սеȨӻةฮةԴ˼䲻󸸻ʺ롣
ةú룿
Ů޸ˣº룬Ҳټ޳ȥ˰ɡ
˵ȻãҪһЩôˣʫȻڼܳ裬ҲվĽǶϵģ㲻һ㡣
̵°ͣǣҲøлңҵңҲˡ
ǣ̶ˡ
Цһ̲˴
ٽˣҸҲֵͦģ񣬰ݷõİݷãֻʼҶϱҲƽʱҪæһЩˣŸϵ¡
˼۰мӣޱȡ
סҲûˡ
ܿ
ۿһһܳ裬ȴãĲҲԽǿҡ
ȥฮʫ


129   İ

ʫ״̬ܲá
ϴСҹһţһֱԴˣϴ棬Թ޵Ĳˡ
Ů˵иܿѾͷ˵£붼û;ܾˣһ١
Ůһ˵ܿѾͷģߣΪµʱ򣬲Žа˴
ûܿǽ
ū澸밲
ܿݾ͹ڵϡ
ʫʣϻ˵ʲô
ܿæ˵ūͶ֪ԸԸūᡣ
ǣͶң
ʫЦ£㲻һССŮƾʲô㣬Ͻȥɡ
ū֪أȤ𣿡
ʫɵ˵˵֪ôȤ
û֮ǰʲôģҲġǰүȷʵԴһβ֮˾ͱˣô
ܿ˵
ʫЦǰûӴô֪䲻䣬㵽˵ʲô
ū˵ƺˡ
⻰䣬ͱʫǴӵǲǣǱˣ᲻֪̫ʦһһ᲻֪ػ᲻֪澣
Ӵӳһͷܿϡ
ܿû뵽ô꣬˵ʲôͱʫŮȥˡ
Ժ
ŮӶĽӺƳȥ
ܿҧŴŽյĴţŭңǺڵģ
ʲô
ʱһİӵ
ܿعͷͼһãмˣǽߣü۵Ŀ
۾ķû·һӶ
һۣĽлӣ̧ȾҪߡ
Ҳûʲô˾ֱǰ̵ĵһ˶˼ĳŮˣ˵ǽлӣ벻
ܿҧ㣬ô֪˶
ǣү֪Ķˣô벻ⶾ
ܿǾᡣ
˵ҿɸüˣھ͸ûͷĲӬһӣôﲻҪˣ̲Ҫˣ
㣬˵Щʲô㵽˭
ܿĿ
˿ƣ۾׺֮⣬ЩĻš
Цһ˭Ҫ뷭ū澣ӿڵڶңʱҪ׼Ŷ
ͷЦ뿪ˡ
ܿıӰϽҴһ
ȥʱպԺæͷˣ üûлӦ
֣ǰܿū澶޲һֱɫֵֹģҾȻֱ׿ˣںôж
Ͱ¸˵ˡ
̵һЦЩǽˡ
֮ǰͶ֮٣ټںȻʧĿ϶ŵĲС
̶ְģ϶ֲֺ
ˣ
ʡ
ͷǰ
ȥȥˡ
á
ܿͻˣĹĵġ
ĶȻȥةฮˣ˵ةฮ˸ϳˣǻã
š
΢ةฮ֮󣬿ּʲôˣ
Ͳ֪ˣǴةฮųģ·ƽʱûˣظʱ㣬ʱֻ΢һ㡣
Ӵˡ
һ
ﲻ˼һЦٺ٣ⲻǸߣʲôѧŵԺū澻Ļ࣬ܺúðˡ

ҲûʲôǴ
ؽŻʱ䡣
׵ҲǸһˡ
̿˱Ǵ롣
²ҵô࣬һĶûУֻǺԶԶһСӣҲ
˷һЩ
вٵ˲ѽ
ճ¡
һ춼ͦ۵ģûһܻشϣű˯ˡ
һ˯ֱ˯ҴʱĴϣһҪӡ
룡
ŭĿʲôʵʵ˯
̶Ϊ㡣
뿪ʼͷ̾š
˵»罺ᣬ˴ҲǸ»״̬Ǹϲŭ޳ģǰĮҪƫƫǰɵĸһ
ɲԺúõ˯
ƯĿ
΢΢˵츸ʻ˱˵̫ǰ֤ᾡиӣΪҲѹش󰡡
ڵӺЦĿ


130   ĸ

ƤЦⲻЦҲı֤ҵ£˵һûأҪ̫ǰ˵˵
羱˵Ǳã䣬ȴҲҪˣڶһô
̳Ĭ¡
ˣΪʲôң
ʵЩʵһ
ǰʲôʱ۾ܸ֣ڣԾ͸˸һұúܶܶࡣ
Ҳ̵֪Ľᡣ
Цһ˵Ȼϲ㰡
˵滰
̲
˵ϣǰȷʵܲϲ㣬Ϊйһθ飬ҲΪֹøʴ͸ңҵġ룬վڱĽǶȣӦûκһˣܴȵԼϱȥͱйɣ
ʵʼúôģ統սϣҲйĽ飬ЩϵһֱҲܲҵ޸ʱҲίбһҪúչ㣬ӦģʱţֻҪԸúùӣһʳǡ
ȻСǲһͺͳһǱĵһɶݺʱ򣬱һֻ۱һֻۣŸɫͻһЩˣ֪˭ˣȥûô
ƫƫⲻĵСƢֳ־ӲԵģҲùˣ˵㲱ӵ£ʱǲ֪ģʱɱһֱڴ£Ҳ˺ܶ࣬ˣʱȴǺŴ㡣
ʱǲǾҺܶ񶾣
ʡ
˵ԣʱ룬򿡲˵úɰôôĺŮӶòıҪֱԸǲ֪ԺĸӲңԱʱ͡
㵱ʱҲΪ˺סɡ
̲
°ͣʱģҲ͡ͷˣɳҲ뿪˰ɣöˣҲˣ֮ҲûֵãҲԹΡ֪ô꣬ûŮ˸ƹһɱ
뵽ʱõһĻǺ飬ȫȻɱ⡣
أΪʲôˣ
뵽ʱ򣬴Ҳ¶Ц⡣
˵ž֣㻹ͦ˼ģҲ뱣˵θУʱƣܴҲȫ֡˵ͱʱҲ֪㣬Ǻй˰˭ǱĵܵܣҪˣĸֹЩﰵﲻ֪˱ٴΣҲɹǲɹġ
ô
ҪСͷԵŮˣǰȷʵܴۡ
ԭ̾סĶ䡣
һǺء
µǴΰɣ֪Ϣʱ򣬱˶µģû±ߴһҹ磬Ŀڿʼʹ֪ʹƺںദµʱͰڱĵˣԴ鷿һ̣;ԺһҪߣҲˡ
Ҳϲأ
ɻʡ
ڵ΢ЦһҪĶʹûеòģ㲻ϲߣˣʬҲҵġ
˵⣬ֱ۰Ŵ̧ͷ̣ô
̴һĨЦִϣɣҲˡϵĶһҪõ֣òͻ𣡡
ĴżǿƵĽ
봽ǹܿͷΪ
˵ˣ֮ĸҲûˡ
ڵһ̣̽ӡⱲӣҪˡ
ǧѡ
ǧƭ
Ȼһɽ飬ҡ
Ķͷ
֧ûһ˯˹ȥ
뽫С§ԼǹЦ
̹⻬ƽ̹С߶ţɿɣȲĵˡ
û
ʱ޲ð͵ԶԶģհռϱСС;ռôǿ
Ժֻᣬĸĸʱʱĵųˡ
ͷ
ڵĸ˼ҶڰȻ˯
Ȼ
ʱһʮҰ
ȴһĶǵĴɱѻƮɢ޵Ѫζ


131   ҹ

ģûˣ׷Сү˼
ҹӰһܵٶȸ
Щˣ׷ɱˣݵģǷˡ
֪ٸˣôࡣ

ʲôʱǸͷЩץ
ҹ쵰Ȼ˶Դңʵ̫ɶˣ
ҹӰһţһ߿һȵķȥ
Ȼ书ǺܸߣṦǺģˣʱ̵иļܡ
һ
ҹݵıӰŪһԵĸҩ
úܰףǳ겻ݣɹְ̫ףǳԷʱ䲻̶˿Ҳرݡ
ϵȧǰţҹӰĻ˵ݵ㣬˾Ҫɽʬˡ
ܰ
СĵŻĺҩģʮ㣬ڽˮ֮󣬴ǻ¶һĨǳǳЦЦʱܺÿľѡ
޺ֵ
ҹ£ӹ
ҹӰһ쳹һȡ
ҹȴΪŪ˵¡
ҹӰһ߿ţҹµıӰһߵǰŭɱң˰
ҹµ𣬡ⲻûô
ϣɣ
ҹӰֱҪѪ
ҲǲҶȥҹ£ΪҹչЩݲݵҩʱҪġ
ǰͳԹĿҲˡ
ҹ£ ں˵
ӵҹӰըëĺһ䡣
һҹ²վֱӣת˹
ݵſһ˫ɫ嵭ˮÿαĿעӣҹӰһӵĳ嶯
Ҳ֪ôģǾһǿѹڳһ
ˣĿ
ʲô
ҹƹһ䷿ȥ
ҡ
ҹӰһЦûӣĻͦõģ⿪ˣ
ʲô̫ѵĶʱɽ⿪
ߣᶾ㡣
ô붾ң
ҹºȻתĿ
ҹӰЩײæһôһͣһ㷴ӦûУͻȻת
ҹޱ飬һʵҲرҪ㰡һҵĶҽôô
㲢ûб
ûĶ
ҹӰҧгݡ
ҲˣٰҹӸô졣
ԡ
ҹǸӡ
˽֪ǹҽͽܣ̳˹ҽȫҽû֪ҹȴԼĶȲˡ
ʺСʺϰ䡣
ܻڣҲȫտҽҩ֧š
һȣҳȥΪ֪ʲôʱ᷸
ֻҪһȣͻһЩƵҲήͺܶ࣬꣬Ҳתõơ
ܾʣҲȤĲȥ𣿡
ҹӰſڣֱۿ
ҹԣ˱裬һЦûȤ
һͲüįµ
˵ᣬô
ҹתͷ
ҹӰǣһź˿˵ҹһӶСطŸʲô𡣡
ߣô
ҹºȻһ䡣
ҹӰͷŽż⣬С˼֣ҲûʲôĲĵģܱӻңڱЩ׷ɱ
ڱ׷ɱʱа㣿
ҹµô顣
ҹӰɫ˵û˵ˣһġ
ǡ
ҹЦһ
ջߣĿűĲ裬ʲô˼أ뿪ҪɣȴƫƫԼһɵ·ޣҪΪȻһȣ֮ȴţֻҪǾͻᾡȥңΪңʲôô
ҹӰ߬ȭͷɫ
֪ҹʲô˼
ǡ
һȣһҲȥһΣҽ
Ҫˣ뷽跨һС
ԣȣʲôкܶϸӸ
ء
Ϊһ
ʼûк֮ģȴǱ˴˱ǩ
ܾẦˣ˺򣬵ɱ֮
ʱʢûסһ֮¶ɱ˺öˣӴ˶ſʼڽ
˿ʼ
ȴ
ɣҿԱ㡣
ҹµ
ҹӰҡҡͷҲҪҲֻҪûкģһֱҡ㣬Żܻã
ţԻıһ㡣
ҹЦ
ݵ¶ֻСѣɾ޺
и˵ҽҪҪ
ҹӰ̧ͷʵ


132  ˭

ҹɫ޲еıӣЦж
ʦҽ嶼޲ߣ˭ܾ
οԼ壬֪
ҹӰ˵Ҳ֪жӦú
⻰˵ĺìܡ
Ǻìܣ󽫾Ķ֪ɣǰʱؾʱ򣬸˵ˣ˺ܶҽݶ˵ˣֻ˺ܶʱ䣬˵һһߣͰ˿ڷڶ޾ͻ
̫ʦĶү߹Ƕ˺üСָжϣȱɱ֮Ѿڸ׼ˣȴ˻
ķԼʮӣܶ޲ߣȥѺӰȫȫĽˣ̥ĸƽ
Ź쳺˿ڲϣ̫ҽԺ˶Ϊ֮ͷۣȴܿٵİֹѪ
Щô
ҹӰصĿ
ҹ´ӣ֪Щʲô
ҹӰһû˵Щͷ˵Ҷˣ㰮ɣЩ׷ɱҵ뿪ˣ
˭
ҹʡ
ҹӰ˵̡
ҹ΢벻ףΪʲôһݵˡ
Ժ˵ɡ

ˣù㣬̫˯һҹߡ
¹ꣿ
ԸĻҵȻ°
ҲûطĴƯš
ҹ˵Ǿ°ɡ
һȸԶĳ
ԽżӣҪˣǻض𣿡
ĪаϿ飬Ĵָָ֪Щʲô
ŭ˵ҹҲǹ֣ǶҪȥˣôǲϸӿֱ̫ɶˣ
Īа΢һ磬ضɡ
Ҳ룬ȥˡ
ǡ

ܿҵӿڵĵڶ˼ңš
źܿͿˣһ˫͵İקȥаЦſСˣҾ֪ġ
ֵܿĿĻң
ǵȻҵĳˣҲĳˣǶ𣿡
ҡ
ܿҧŴ
ûа˰
½鿴мЦһô㻹ָŷ֦ͷ˰ѰɣֳˣⱲӶûзĿˡ
˵Һɲһ
ʲôһģ
½ɫΪܿ㰡
ܿʱͨ죬һĵ½֣ңˣ
˵Ҫš
½뿪ֱӾͽ͵˺·
͸㣬ȻˣҪ׼ǣúõĸңԺ󲻻ġ
ſң˹֣쵰
ܿ
Ȼûʲôá
ʱ½Ŵ·ٺЦǴ˼ҵѾߣζҲġ
޳ܣ
ܿ޵İԼá
½һװĸʲôҸǵģҲǵһˣˣ
½ܿҧŴһۣôң
ŵ˰ɡ
½ӸһСƿ
ܿӹһɣʲô
ҩ˰ɡ
ܿšӣŵҩ裬ûϳԡ
½Цһ¶㣿ҪôԲԣ
ܿһҧǽҩȥȻϽԼ
ɫ߹ȻȥˣһҲ֢״ڷЦ⿴½顣
ҵңӦҲҰɣ˵ɣҰʲô
½Цţϲִ˽ҵӦͺãһҪСİǱˣҿɲġ
㣡ܿһ˭֪ܵݰɣ
ң
½Ц
ͷ𣿡
ܿü֯𡢡
û½ĿҧгҵĸͷżôһɱҸͷϰˣһŹģ
һˣܺ
ܿм˵
½ЦͱˣҪһˣ治ңҵ˿ɽֻҪú£Ժġ
ɽ
ô֪࣬Խ࣬ľԽ죬Ͱ˵ȥˡ鷿ӦкܶܣҸȥһ
鷿ֵطôܽȥ
ܿһ
½ЦǾˣҿ˵ǰͷҪǲӦ߸ҰҹȥһŪ㣡
ܿɫѿ뿪ˡ
Լĵù
Դ̵˸֮һֱù顣
Ҳ֪ȥˣһ⡣
ܿţߵ
˵
һˣ
ˣǰʱͻȻʧ
ȻֻǴҴһƳҿ϶Բῴ


133  

ܿҪϵʱſͻȻɷˣܿŵøϽˡ
ڡ
ɫѿԣֲܣô
ǿٵһЦû취үµ˿ϵ㣬ȻүûˣǾҪɱͷ
ǿЦţȴŻ
ټôƣûƲһۣֲɵӣôῴ˵ˣһľأǸңԺˣǺÿġ
УˣǿмЦһĻ㵽׾ûүûôȰùԹҪЩ᳦ӣҶܹ꣬ȻǺǡ
ȾЦĿۣӵ
ԴϴαΧ֮󣬳ͱץģʣµĶˣһֱҲû˹
ү⣬Ҳ˻ϵ
ǾþҪˣŮڸɣϾүͷ
ƫƫŮ˻֪þȹү˵
û˵ˡ
һۣһҲ
ת۾͵ʮһ졣
¹ĹʮҪһһԸԲģһǻȺӡ
һ̺ٴν˹
ҲѵõĻ˴ŵɫ·ǳΪޣɢŸճΪŮ˵
ǰΪĶǰֱǲһ
ϷҪһô춼첻ߡ
̵ܳԵټҲЩģֻװЩ
Ǽᡣ
Сš
̵ͷ
ǰ£ѿ²򸾰ɡ
Ȼʮҹ˶ûֹҲûȻû˵Żܿмֲϲ
ѦҲû쳺ȥĹ
Ѧټ̣Щ˼ֵ׻ˡ
쳺Ų
ֵӣġ
ʺȥԺ˵˵
ʱ˹
̴жʱûȥʹˣͷ
ɺã
ʡ
Ц˵鲻ҲܺãҩŻǺЧġ
Ǿͺá
ܿ糡Ժ
ʺվһ÷£֪Щʲô̾;վһԵš
ʺ񣬷ˣ¶Ц⡣
ôûһ
ǳǳһЦĸĳ񣬶ϱĸҴţҲȵȾͺá
ʺЦЦҲжȣ֪ҭZԺҲȢ̫Ҳʡˡ
̫˽֮壬δ̫Ҳһȶϱϰٱġ
ǫ˵
ʺһۣͱ屾ˣЩ⣬Ҳ֪ν̿Ը߶䣿
ĸ˵
̫˼Ŀǰƽ֮ŮܷܷǱ˵ܷܷϲ򺮣ʣ£
ʺĿ̡
̲գգۣЦ£̲֪ѽ
磬β֪
ʺЩ
˵ȻҶ磬Ҳʶܷܷ͸֪ˣۿƽҪ꣬ĸʱʲ֪ˣ
ʺ·Ц¡
Ȼ֪˽һ¡
ܷܷϲ򺮣ɾҪʧȥһõĶϱˡ
Ҹᣬ˽ɡ
ʺֵ˵
̴ӣ̾˿Ȼ꣬Ҷǰ߾·ϣΪڼҹԲ꣬˭ָ֪¡ΪἺʵڲ˼ȥ
һȥ߾̵£ʺҲû˻
ֲĵʣãܷܷ˭ʺ̫ѡ
˵˵̫֮ŮǾһŮ壬ϳˣӦû
ͻʺ뵽һȥˣʺɫҲ˼֡
Ҳôģֻ̫ǸĹ٣ԺܸZ
ʺ˵
̲סͷ˸ۡ
ʺĪҲ̫Լ˰ɣֻǹġ
֪Ժ̫λģȻǰܻô˵
ʺҲϸϸ۲̵ɫʲôҲ뿪ˡ
̣Ժá
ʺɫ˵
ȷʵܴҲܱ廹ҪҪٵһʱ䡣
ţȥɡ
ʺȥ


134  ӵ

ʺղŽ˵ʲôˣ
˿ھƣʵ
Աߣ»ȥ˵
š
ƺȸû꣬üͷ΢ǰҲû̫Ⱦưʲô˵ˣ
һЦ»ȥ˵
С
ʮҪڹҹġ
ֻӣڹﶼԼĹ
̻ǵһʹסǺܾûסˣԵЩ䡣
ԺܸɾӦǾ˴ɨ
ϵľƺȵе࣬ҲմȾ˲ٵľ
ƵĳζҲ֪ȵʲôͦġ
̶
Ժ
ȻͣסĿ
̧ͷȥĿ
ͼһЦɲǷ޷ƿߣ֪ôǱһԼҵ壬Źꡣĸȥ磬پ͸ѦÿεĹμӣͱһˡСʱĽҲܼʣʹѦɲԲμӣΪһˣĺΣҲùµѦ˵ԡΪǻӣ͵⹬ĹأԱÿһˣصĸס޹ҹ
۽Щ죬ȴЦģ㱾ĺܿģ벻ȥĸĹĸζ
˵Щۡ
ͷá
ȻЦӡ
̶á
̶ͷһǣֹסЦ⡣
Ȼ̵֣÷ȥ
÷һЩ
Դĸʹıɽһǣû˻̤㡣
ÿĸյʱԴɨ
ĸ÷ȴҲ÷֮
ĸӦúɡ
ʡ
ͷһ
ƿ÷Ĵţ÷ïʢһ˵
¶ɫ˽ȥЦ˵ĸǰ÷˵ڶ쿪ޣ˾ģΪ̰ͼ̰ͣͼĵůҲ̰ͼˬȻ⺮һ£ޱȽޡϲ÷ҲϣԺ󣬿ԳΪһʲôʱ򣬶ˡ
ʵӡѾģˣʱҲŲ꣬һźһĺᡣ 
Сʣ£һ̣һԼ
΢磬÷ƬƬƮۼס
룬Ժ㻹ҡ
ס֡
˵ָ޳䣬ȵСů
Զűģǲǣ
š
Цˡ
̾Сȥ
žϢΧ̣ҲʼӦš
õӣõʱ
ϣ˴ˣܹػ
ϣ
÷ſڲԶ̫ܹܵ˵˾䡣
ӿԺǵˣɫ˰ֱߵ÷̾Ϣһʱ죬һΣ17͹ȥˡ
ӣĺһԡ
ѩ飬㣬ҲȢһܺõһҲοġ
˵
˳ǣ˿ѩţһİɣЩ굽ǿǷһЩ
һܳģϲĻӡ
ӻжࡣ
Ҫ̫ࡣ
˵һ䣬Ҳ˵ˡ
Ǹūţ˵ĴĶ࣬ϵ˼˭Ҳ²׼ֻҪĴһԾͺˡ
ܸоĵףŻѩġ
ȻҲÿ궼÷һۡ
顯
ҹտʼųѤõ̻
̾һ̻
û뵽ŴȻ
ûŮӻ᲻ϲɡ
ҲվվԱߣЦϲĻÿ춼š
̫˷ˣ쿴ҲͲˡ
޵С̻յĺ˫ֺʮ̻Ը
ϣںˣ彡һֱҸȥ
ҹ̻֮Ӹ
ӵ˯һҹ󣬵ڶһ磬ȥ̫޹̫밲
楷һ̣ʹ˹ȥ򸾱Ūģʮһ밲Ҳ
ûȵ̻ǱƳһۡ
楷ƲС̵ϴ͵Ǹˮ˪ɲһЩ
ôùˣ
ü
һƿſðɡ
楷ƳǣǸⲻȶҪһ㣬һԺ㲻Ūˣ˭Ҫȥ
Ƕڵģֻһ꣬Ժã򰡡
̣ȻһǮ򣡡
楷ƾһ
Ǯѵ쾭ô
ǳǳһЦ
楷ƺߵǮȥ˰㣬ˣҲǮ򡣡
һƽһƿ
㣬ôȥٰ
楷һ


135   ȫ

һһ㻨ǮҲûһƽɡ
ֱʨӴ󿪿ڣ
Цǹݸ߹ĶԽԽ͹ǲǣһͭ㣬ôѽ
̣
楷Ƶ
ʱ˲ɣһ̣ȫЩ˵ֲҿӡ
̳Ǳ߿һۣ״˵Ⱥİɣȥŵܡ
á
һߣǼҲʹ
ɣ
һ󵨵ʵ
̵ͷλʲô𣿡
û˵ʲôƺϵŮûǧҲм٣ܲÿĸɶİɡ
楷ụ̈ٺ˵ʲô
Ҳ˵
ĵĻء
楷ǰʱʫҲȽУ⼸λܳɣҲô
ֱЦ˵һЩյʥƷ֪ɲҲǿһߣһЩ
ղ˶ˣҪ楷ء
楷ҧгݡ
Ҫô˵
ʹĵͷðλҪġ
һ۾ʱ
 óȸǿ𣿡
Ƕⶫܾˡ
楷ڹ԰ڣлʺԴƺҲ˺ü꣬˵϶ȥء
󹬵Ů˶Ҫ̻ϻŵģȻʹסϵġ
̴óһƿ˪óһƿˮ
˪򿪸ӣǼһ˵ЩͿֱһԡ
ˮҲǵһЩͿһɵϡ
ۣš
ʱٻζ
Ǻǿήģʱŵζǰһ
ⶫǮҰɣ
һæˮ˹ȥ
ľͲˡ
ƾʲô㰡Ҷһġ
ǣ˼ûû˵أ㲻һ˰ռ
ã˵˭

ߴߴ
̴ɵˮùһЦ˭Ҳλϲȳʱɡ
أãһЩɡ

ôõĶɲñҲ֪
˪أܲҲǰһЩѽ
Ҷⶫǰ֡
楷ҧгݣأֵõķݶҹ٣٣ȫˣ
楷⻰һʱü˵ɫ˱䡣
⣬ⲻô
ȻǲҲֱܵӷǿ˵ûû˵أе˰ɣôҲò갡
楷Цò꣬ŲôҪǹܡ
ЦҪˣһƿ˪ǿɾһƽһƿˮһƽ㸶ô
ңڸǷŲа
УиԭһֽǮһֽȻ˭Ҳ֡
楷һһס
ôǮĸҲòôࡣ
֪̲ӲģѽɩöȻҪѽ㶼ˣøˣñ˰ָô죿
ܱߣһҪʲô
㣡ߣ㣡
楷뿪ˣ̾ڤ粻顣
ֺãƫƫȥǼûֵɡ
ģ
楷ˣ˸ϽΧס顣
ãϵʲôˮҲúš
ϵζˮһ
ر
̵һЦҲûͿʲôˮϵҩζ
Ҫ򽻵żҲҩҩ㡣
Ǽ̾˿ǿɾͲζˣҩͰݼ죬ټϻᱻֱӸ߰ɡ
ɲǣãȻʮ壬Ϳʼɣ
顣
ҡҡͷŶЩˮðٻƵģʱ򻨻ûпûԭϡ
ԭǾֻٵȵˣһƿҪǮ
Сš
ϾղſҪһһǻƽء
ÿµٺ٣ҪһЩڹţҪõǮͷҲȽϽš
˵λô飬͸ʮһƿˡ
ƽ𣿡

˲۾һæ˵ŸлĻ
̫ˣԺʲôҪ˵һᾡİġ
ԶԶԣܰϿ϶ģԺʲôöҲҪѽ
ɡ
ůɡ
ǡ
ÿһҪǵǣ

ЦŴЩмϵЦȥ
ЩŮˣҲֲ̫˰ɡ


136   һ

ȥ룬ûпӰȴZסˡ
ҪȥĶ
Z˵Ǹһĸо°ʹۣһ۸ڶĸ߰ģ
һǳЦ˵̫ӵ¿ǿҷˣ
ڼﶼܿˣҲң᣿
ֻѣûʲôŵľٶ̫ӻǺγԡ
Ŀֱη塣
ZЦһҲΪΪ ³Ů˿ɵûİ
ǳǳһЦʲô£̫ӻĪҪϳˣ˵ĸƺ̫ܵӻֵĻ£̫ӻǵŮӣûǿЩĸ˵ʡĴͲˡ
Ц뿪
ZıӰɫЩơ
ʱ楷ߵߣһ˵ʲôţŮ˾ǲ֪ôƫƫ㻹ţĸõ͸ǲ˷ˣӶ
Z˵ֻ
楷˵ʲôµӶԼ˵ҲŹ²ȡУ¾㣬㣬鷳ˡ
С
楷ưһۣͷһŤ뿪ˡ
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쳺˵
쳺ȽϷԾͲȥˣ˭֪쳺Ȼס
ɩʲô뿴ң
Ц˵š
ֻתͷƤЦⲻЦ˵ܰⲻµҷ˵ô
Ҳû˵ʲôļ䣬û˼Ҳһģ
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Ųû˼ġ
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Ҫȥ쳺쳺˵ҺģǺģƾʲôұá
ǻҽסأһΪҪҺҷڵطء

Ҳһء
ƤҲ̫˰ɡ

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գգۣš
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µĽɽЦҵĻ֣Ӧ¡
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ĵZʲôֵܹ£պñ֪ˡ
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һȥ¾Ҫ̫ƽˡ
쳺Ȼ̾һ䡣
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ģһͿū˶ô
һɫףϵӶϳ˫۴мûˡ
վڵͼǰƦƦһЦǹ꣬˼ūҲ갡˵ˣʱ򣬶˵õĽʱ䡣
ڵͼĳһС죬Ȼ˵Ҳﾭһһɽ·ȫ
ȴʱĬˡ
ûȵĻӦͷôˣ


137   ū߾Ѱ

̾˿սģЩҲ֪òö˵
ЦЦҴϵãҲһʣʲô˵ģ˵ɣҲûбˡ
޵ͷ⻰ıܾˣǰ͸˵ȴ˸ѪͷҲˣЩʿҲû֪ūΪÿ궼Ҫ߾
΢Լܲµ֡
˵ǰҲãЩū˾вúõϵ㰲ĵôһΣҴǱǵĵ̣ŷ֣ǽ߾ҲΪ˻
Ǳ߾ӣҲģǶϺʱºūûҪôţҪô͵ö˵ūĻô죬Ҳúһ췴ô
һĳݣԼһĵ̣ʺֲֻܿһЩάǶô䣬ĺãҲҪůģԼ˲ϣܹ˵ġ˵Ǳ߾ˣΪ˱ԼΨһ󣬰ȡůĶԼ˵פر߹أҶزȥΪʲôΪµİҲһֻ밲ĻŶѡ
ǺܣһԵľ̳ݺݵĹڡ
ߵߣļ磬Ա£˵ЩҶ⣬û취ǵūԸ߰Ը䣬ҲҪǣǲԸΪɽ棬ԼҲҪܴΡ
Ŵû˵
򺮼˵ǿͬǣǱ߾ЩʿΪʲô껹ҪţܺͼԲ˶ūū˶м㣬ǹʹѪԣҰġū߾ԶѰ
ޱۣͷĿɬ
˵ЩҲףڱ߾ộÿ꿴ʿЩˣϣûսöãǸжԲļͥ
Цһ뷨̫󽫾ʲô̼ˣѵؼұˣ
޸һȭ¶Ц⣬ĺ˵ʲôأžижɣһ¼ҹ⵹ûʲô̫ʿ߲Ÿճɻ飬ҪӷֿȽūҪؾˣĶȥˣˡ
󽫾㰡
Ц
ЦЦʵҸҲ˼ˣܶ˶ΪҵĶӣʵǣ滹磬ûսսˣʱҲżꡣҵǲͬ߾ģʱĸģܾԼһΪˡڱ߾һʮ꣬ǰһؼҵʱﶼʶˣ˵ɲЦ
Цҡҡͷϴλȥսϣһ뵽ԼТӵʱûУܡȹս½ҾͻᾩʱŪһְٰģȢӵˡ
˵Ȣ£
磬ϲʲôŮ˰
һݵŵӰ¶㽵Ц⣬ġߴԼؿ⣬ģЦ۾Σҽơ
ͷ˵ǵõλ𣿡
ǰʶ
˷ܵĿ
򺮵ͷʶ
ôʶģ˵
޼ǰþöûҵʧǵġ
¶һЦ⣬Ϊð
ãüò㻹ĸã

͵شӵվһĲţ˵ʲô
ɤźȻ˼֡
Цģǵõ̣Ҵ˵֮ǰӦİɣ
ɫ˲úѿ
ϸĻţúȴϲ͡
Ϊ̫£ϵζŨƽյĿ࣬ԼտʱԽۡ
ʱ̵ÿһ÷С
ͻȻˡ
Цʱ۾ģϵһ
һȭӡ
ѹ֣ѹ֣ѹֵʱңλŮҽҲڻɰɣ֪ʲôŪôһǺļƣŮľȻƭңӻɵɵӿǲǺɵx
͵ؾס򺮵죬ŭ
ɫδЦţǴûֵĶ˼ɣ


138   

ޱһ仰˲Ŀ
ƿ򺮣һˡ
ŪŪԼЩҵ죬ǰļ˵ͼˣҲ֪޸룬ʱѾˣҲ°ѣʡԺҼ涼ͦεġ
޼һѿ֣ӵĳ
һϲһŮˣһŮкøУȻĻֵܵš
Ƽˡ
ȻҲûһһʲôõĽһ뵽ԺֻҪؾͲɱĻ棬ӦĲС
Ӧ̣ӦԼ
ǲǲؾˣ
ֻʡ
ļһȭզôˡ
ܣͽжȤζɣ
߻صͼλãЩŮ鳤ʲôģԺ˵֮սҪϲˣūֻѡ񣬵һ֣Ǵܣڶ֣Ͷ˳

ӦһʼһŽսƻ

һҲѵ÷ż٣ȥ糯ˣżһѡ
ôû
ʵ
һЦܲкӣҲÿģ˵ġ
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ǲǱʲô
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εĿ춼ߣʲô㿴һɶ
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룬Ǵһܰɣ
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á
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ҴһҪ䣬ɽŵĲС
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ԶԶԣ顣
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ЦСѾͷûʼأ˵ˣִǲǣ
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Сٵĳȥ
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УӮģƽʲô׸Ǯ
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̵С°ͣǵȻ
21͵ʱȻҽѧɺôҲǸعԱǺǿġ
򲻹ˣҪҲڹû˼úá
ûڹϴܴˣᳬһָ
Цϣš
䣬һֱȡλǿʼ
ʽٶֿ죬̿ٳһˣһǺɨͬʱ˫ϴȥ
ƺͼӿٳԱһͬʱץסȡ
̿ʱɿٴηֿվ
ӴˢӰ
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뿡Цⲻлͽ̡
С
ˡ
˸ղŸţڹ۲ʽھòˣͿʼˡ
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Сơ
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̲ŲԼ䡣
˵á
ŴΧһյɫüͷôˣ
̺ɱ㽫ղŵ¸˵ˡ
û˵ĵ˭


139   ر

ү˭Ӯ˰
˫۾ڴĿ
̺ٺһЦҺүƽ֣ӣǲǶ
ʱҴľ֡
ΧĸҲȫҡͷȻȫĽĿҴ
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ʵģ̱⼸˾ۼʼǴ齫
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̾ͺȥˡ
⼸ӮһЩȫҴСѾͷӮȥˣ˰ȴԽԽ
ת۾͵ʮ塣
ʮˣҲͿʼͰĸøˡ
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ţصةฮȥϴ¡
˵Ѿȥ˺ü죬ةӣʫձأǾʹԭأԺ͸ˡ
ˡ
Ůܵʫǰ˵š
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뵽Դϴ档
ة˿
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ôһ룬صľһЩ
ʫʫˣҪҪȥ
ة˹ˡ
Ϊһү񲻹ĵزҲѵˡ
ʫᣬȥٴô졣
ӦòˣϴҲƣ⼸˵֪Լˣ￴ƺĻڹġ
ʫһ⻰Ǳĸҡڲ
㵽׻Ҫģֵ̫Ҳą̃£Ҳʹ˽ҹˣڰն֪ʲôҲٶΡᣬȥٺӣԺϲˣҲĸƾӹ󣬿ɱһǰ
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ɡ
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϶ĸı䣬ȴǺܸˡ
һܶʹͣڳ϶мӣʲôҪҲȽ̫ǿҵļʡ


140   

ʲô̼˲ɣô˸һ
ZһƵھʹ
ʺԹĻЦЦʶؾô£ҲӦõģʲô
ôܲܣڶӣԭӦýļҪţȫˣ
һ£ZĲС
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ٻʥ裬˵ƢҲࡣ
Züʺ󣬡ĸǰɲģôҲˣ
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ǸƫĵҲ̫˰ɣ֮ǰЩӦվߵĹԱʼҡˡ
˵⣬Z͸ơ
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ĸ˵ô쿴ģҪʲô
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ϵҲв˵ġ
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141   

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142   ŷ

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143   ܷܷ

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144  쵰

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ܷܷ˵뿪


145  

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146   Ů

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ŷ˵ĸףǰҲǸ٣ǲھڶŮһˣֻ·磬һֱߡһΰʮ͹ȥˣ⺢ӳɳڣװ
ʱ򣬳Ҳֻ䡣
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ŷСʱҲҪҪЩ޸һ뵽Ů㻹Ǹˡ

Ҫģе
ŷ⻰ Ȼ뵽롣
ҲǺСʱĸˣ⹫Զڱߣչ
ҲǺϲ
Ҳˣٻһ⹫
ЦӵľҷʵҲģѾˣҲɳĺܺãҲͿˡ
Ѿͷͷи֮룬֪ԸԸ⣿
˵
ŷϲϵĿĿ촽ͷźľǣ Ụ̊ԸԸ⵱ҵĸŮԺԶھ֣Ҳļҡ
졣
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Ͼݣ൱ڽҲ˸ɽ
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ЦүӣҲ˼ͻȻЩסˡԶھڽĵλҵȻ֪ҪŮкܶ˻ŶҪȥֻҵݣҪ鷳
ŷϹһЦǵᣬԶھڽô꣬ҲЩ͵̵ģĻô챻򵹣ǴӦˣ
ôõĻᣬܲӦ𡣡
Цſ
úúúá
ŷһ˵ĸãȻֻǸŮҲˡ
̰⹫һ
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ֻһġ֡
ŷ˵ŷҴ壬һСֵĸ㣬һСԶֵڷ


147   

ƾ壬ԵԶھзкµ̣Ժ󰡣ԶھҲύʲô£ҲȥԶھֵĵ̣ǻġ
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̫˵˵š
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148   

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ģһ 54 ţһ 17 ţ 3 ƣȷ֮ǰҲܿơ
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149   齫

̽СŮȥ԰࣬ڿ쵽ʱСŮԭص
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150   ݼ


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ܷܷ˵š
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151  ҹ

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152  

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԰ҽҲ˺òã˾Ͷˣʦʱ򣬶һٶʮˣǲǺֲܿ
ҹӰЦûûΡ
̳ǣǺֲܿ

ʱȻһƺ
ҹ²ûֹסȣˡ
ҹӰɫһ䣬ȥ
ҹҪϵҹӰæǰ˷סιôˣ
䣬䡣
ҹţ
ҲûʲôʶˣֻҹӰȺ¶ȣʼϴš
ҹӰüιֱ
̧ҹµ֣ѨλãһĨ΢⡣
ȷʵܱѣҲǼΪʹġ
ҹ£̡
̣㻹ʲô
ҹӰĽһ䡣
Ҳ벻⣬ȻĸҺ
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ɣȥҲⰡÿζҪ˵һǧ˰ٵİ취ָ¾ƨˡ
ҹӰǺõģ ˵Ļһֺĸо
˵Ȱȥ
á
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ͨһˤҹ¿˼Ҳˤ˼֣ҹӰżɭ⡣
ҹӰӣٺЦţ󡣡
һƿЦ˻ûǾҪˤˡ
ָҹµϰһҹµĿһۣû¡
ż־ǿ
ջ֣Цȷʵûʲô£ֻǿҪֲѣҽ߲ҽܵ°ɡ
ˣ˾;ˣﻹҪ̼ѽ
Сiͨʶ֪ҹǸŴҽҲ̲סһ
ôĶԴ̲סһ
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̺Ļһ䡣
СiίͰ͡
㲻Ҫ㿴ʱҪһô죿
˾ˣƨ£
Ǻһ䡣
СiĶҪˣίӡ
ˣ㲻ҪôСiôɰô
ͣͣͣ㡣
ܲСiĥ˵Ǹĥ˵С
ҹ̵Ļ۾
ɫ֪࣬Щʲô
ҹӰЩżιڸŪôһһȳʱ˵õģΣǺúβһԲģڸʲô
ҹɲɫҹӰЩҹ£˵
ҹ۾ﾡĮ
һˡ
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̳š
ҹӰĿ̣ģİ˵ʲô
̵һߣС˵
һѴ֣һЦԼʲô취
˭˵ˣҪǲĻôܻôꣿ
ҹӰǳͬĻ
̾˿ǺɵǼɶ˵ʵҾڻţһڸԼϾܾȵˣȴΨȲԼÿҽߵʹ仹ôŵģһԭ򣬿᲻㡣
ҹӰ
˵û´ĻӦǹ¶ɣ˴ˣ
ҹӰ߬ȭͷ̡
̸ĳ
͸ҹβйϵô
ŭ¶Ц⣬ˣȳȥɣҵһġ
㲻ûɱɣ
ûôģȥ
ҹӰ߬ȭͷɿУҳȥ¼ǵýҰ
š
űϡ
ӣߵ¡
ҹľͷҲһЩֱۿڴͷĮĿ̡
ǰŮӳĺ
Ҳ֪ݡ
̡
СʱҹӰΪʲôû˵
ǳЦʣһ˫Ưȴ峺
ôƶΪҹӰ֪£һٸҹ¶
ΪҹĸԴˡ
һϰ䣬ÿֻҰܵӣһﹶš
ҹµĮ죬ǵһЦҽȻ㿴ˡ
澭ʴֶأҹӰڷֹʴƶϳġ
Ҳܻ˵˳


153  

ҹ΢䣬˵ĲҵУʱ̰ûڼңŶһѣһȥʱ򣬷ҹӰ˶ǡùҽ·־ҹӰҹڵһһĿͷ˵ľηûκԥԼˣҲҪҹӰúûţΪΪұ𣬿ϧȴû
üʱӦúСɣ
ҹЦһǰʱҲ꣬ҹӰҲŰ꣬˵ܲţҵʱԭҲȥﱨҾһܿ۵£Ҳ뱳ų޻һӣ뷨ܻƣʱҾģһ˽µ뷨ûҹӰ֮Ϊ˶ֿʼҽңǸʱ򰡣ͦЦģʦôôùҺҹӰô˦˦ĸҩ
Ȼأ
̺ʡ
ҹ˵ʦʱаˣҹӰ˵ԺһҽҲ˷ѣΪͽ̸أҲԽҽ󣬿ʦҲд⣬Ѱ̳˰ɣҲʹӦҪҺҹӰһȣ־ңǶ̫ԵҵʱСܿȫ
˵⣬ҹºȻЦ£Ҳѧҽ֮ˣûּ֢һҪκõĹ񱣿
̹´Ŷɡ
Ϊоֲѻ˵ʵ壬һĸҩ۲ԽԽִһҪõʱָԭӣñİ취ȥҽô
ҹЦļ䡣
˵ǵᣬѾ̬ˡ
̬õĺܾ׼ʦҽˣҲҺҹӰҲˣʲôӦġҹӰ֪£֪ǹҽȴҽһĥңأûôʱ;ͬʱѧϰҽͶһѧҽһѧǰѱѧĲʱ£ʲô
̿ҹ¹Цüͷϻɱ˹ҽ
ҹºȻЦĺܿģֻ˵һ룬׼ȷ˵ҹӰɱ˹ҽƵĶͷʱһٶʮ꣬зŵļͷʼڣһֱоϻͯϵؾĺܱ̬ܿҰ˵ĸоͺɭɭġ˵ϲǳַ̬ļ󣬺ܿΪʲô̼ʼ죬ոı˱塣
ҹ΢ۡ
ҹӰ£˵ҲΪ½ףҲʲôȻ϶ΪԼûҾǸӵܵܣڤ粻֣ģһаְּСƨǲǺ֣
ЦЦ
ʵҸֵǣΪʲô˵Щ
ҹֻǵһμ棬ǰҲȫʶ˵ôҹӰ֪£ķ˼ɡ
ҹµһЦҲûʲôǾԼܻˣϣԺ֮󣬻֪Щ£ðЩҹӰȻҹӰھһӣԶˡ˵δؾʹ࣬ŵҲδؾܹ㿴ǲһˣ
Ļż֮⡣
Ƕжмһˡ
˵ֻҪûᵽϣҾͲᣬϾÿ˶˵̬ȶǲһġҾã²Ǻܿͻúܳ
ҹЦЦ㲻ðοңǴԼ壬ԼǶͽ޽⣬ҹӰûнⶾİ취Ҳûˡ
Ƕɽ⣬ǲҽΪ
˵
ҹ̾˿װҵ壬ǵȲǸʱˣҹӰ˵ܰҽô
̴ǹ˹ҲȥһһˣҲ˷ҵʱ䣬ҿԸ㣬ܾȡ㲻ҽҸû˵ĵطȥһ
ҹüͷ΢
㶼ôͲ˵ģ
ôĮࡣ
¼磬Ҳ̫ϲԭɡ
ι˵û˵꣬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ſڵȲҹӰţʼš
Ц£ĳͦġ

ҹҲЦ¡
ҹӰû˽
̺ҹ϶Ц⣬üͷϸߣûҸղ⺰Ļôʲôأôģ
ߵҹ´ߣӸµĿ
ü䣬ȷʵ͸żֵǡ
ҹ¿ЦЦ磬
һΥĸ磬ҹӰʱۡ
ͷգ˼ۣӵ˵ͻôɿʲô
ҹȴͷЦ


154  ޽֮

̾ôʱԼһ
ûĻǲǾҪһĴˡ
ӣӵվ˵ѨȷʵֹʹطҲǺܴģԺҪһȥһô㣬ЩͺҹӰסɣҲˣ岻ʺȥĵطΪƺЩ֢
û´ĻҹкϵĹ
ͨ׵㽲
ǶԿ
һȵʱ򣬷ĴᣬΪһȣѾϤĿ
һͺͻȻܴ̼
ԲŻڸյĵһ죬Ϳʼʡ
Ҫ˵ܳ
21͵ʱҲйӡ
Wifiûʱ˭ҲûԼwifižһŮwifióڱźŵķ
Ϳʵġ
ֻҪ˹ԴͿˡ
ҹ´ҲĻʲô˼
˼ΣҲѰҹɡ
ͷǾ鷳ˣлл
ԼҵĴϣҹµĲ
еĶֽ޽⡣
ƶ֮˵ĳԣҲǲܽ⿪
ΪⶾʼҹӰϵģ൱ڹ̵ϣγ˶ζأ֮ǰҪһЩ˵ҲЩ
ټʮڵʴ˲֪ҩⶾѱԣһθܲˣɲչӲк塣
Ǹѽ⡣
ⶾʱ򣬻һرۣͷƶһ
ǻ뱣ѣǾҪһЩİ취
ҹõģѨ
ΪѨʹһѨλʹ񾭣طۣʹ۵һϡ
Ľ´ֻʹʱ
ҹ֪ԭÿջúܶҩҩ裬޸һҪѨλ
壬᳣͸һŨŨҩζ
ưҲкŨҩζɡ
޽֮޽ڣκҩﶼпģãֻñİ취
ģҩѬǻѪ
ڻߣǲüַĶ̵˵ϡ
ǸˣҲҪ涾ţظԶ˶Σա
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ݵʱ򣬾ͿڴϷʲôһ㡣
ЦЦҹµĲ
ܼ֣
̵ͷ밡ҽ޲ߵģǿ϶ǺѰ
ҽиʦܽйô˵Ҳвٰ취ҲϧҲ˵ټ
ڴߣ˵
ס̵С֣Ħ
̰޳ָ࣬ôңҵˣҹӰһֱѰ䣬ɱ֪ҹӰˣ㻹ԶԶģűץ
˵ҲǣĲ;ŵܵĲ˭һЩ
ʡ
ЦЦ˵Ѷ൱ɣ亱֢ˣҪҪҹ´쳺һЩİ취Ҳ˵
ȹЩӰɣ컹Ҫȥջ
ãЩ˯ɡ
ŲŲ
ϴ§ڻ
¾ã顣
ڶ緹̺ǣֳûֻˡ
ֲܼŶһȥĺг棬ϴЦ⣬ǺܿСӿ
̺Цʵֲ˵ʲôأ
ûʲôûʲôǾ⸮ϰкˡ
үһ𣬾õ¡
ջ
Ϊʱ̲ûǰ֪ͨ
Գڽʱ£ӵĹâܹһ
Ǳ벶׽ˡ
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⹫ôˣ
Ľһ
ŷ϶ʱЦǺǵģ۾Цûˣ˵ˣϷ
ߣǽ˵ɡ
Щģ⹫ֵմȾͲˡ
˻ص¡
š
һԵŲˮ
ŷϣһ˫ӵ룬ʱʱĵͷ
ϣһĳȡ
ûΪŷϵעӶеκεĲڡ
ϷϷǺܸˣҲңѾͷһʣȥŮĺϷ㶯֮ģɣ
ŷЦǺǵĿ˿ڡ


155  ҪѧϰĻкܶ

˵ᣬҲлл㣬԰̶ҪԶھǽһߣ̶ֶһ
ŷЦ
ҲѾͷ˵ˣԶھԺһңȻˣѾͷķԶھԺҲļҡлϵʱһҪԼ￴
ͷӦõġ
ʱ˵⹫ȥڴϰɣһ߸ģһġ
á
ŷƽڵĴϡ
뿴һվŵĳ㣬ڵ׽˿
ˡ
ϡ
˵̶˵¥¥йһ֮ԵӣҲˣȷʵ
ЦЦߵĴæ֪պܺ׵Ĺϵվ͸Ⱥкġ
޳ƻϲϱ仯죬Ҳδ㣬Ҳǡǡ˵֮Ե֡ŷүʱ˷ȥݷˣû뵽ν̶Ĺ⣬үӳ˹ϵԵֻԡ
秵Ļ̲סЦ¡
ŷҲЦ⡣
һʱЩ֪ô½ӣֻø뵹˱衣
ֿŷϣүƽʱʲôϲ𣿡
ŷ˵Ϸʱϲûͦģ԰Ȱ棬ˣԲ˺ȲҲ治ˣ赶Ūǹһӣȴʼϲ˵⣬˵֡
Ц˵ǰ⹫ںϲռһЩʯֻƽȤҲԻô
ϸյһǧֹ񣬵½˸ү͵ļˡ
ɫ΢䡣
ǧֹ伫ΪĶ
⹫˺ܾöûҵؽҲ򲻵û뵽
ⶫȷʵ⹫Ҫġ
ŷ΢ЦðϷͲˣѾͷ
Ц˵⹫ʲôҪľܳҪǣѽŲٺñء
һǧֹ͹Ϸˣˣˡ
ҩаʱô
ʡ
ŷϹɵ˵ааÿһ춼кȡ
ŮҩȻúˣһȰ˱鶼ܺȥ
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ǸֹʹҲرãһ˯һڶͺˡ
ŷĴָš
Ů
˵ָһЩһԤҩƿ϶ʲôԼηˣʲôģдŸҡ
ŷϵͷãѾͷˡ
ҺãҶҲӦõġ
̽ѨλϲãҪһӲſ԰
⹫ҷ˵͸絽ȥԷǷĻǰᵽסҲС
˵
ŷЦȥˣҲˣҾҪŷؽȥˡȥԷðϷһûι۹أŷȥʶʶ
ŷ˵ǺָЦ
̼Ӧͷ뼷۾
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á
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㿴ŷϣһص˵⹫Ҫȥ᲻թ
ŷϺǺЦʲôը
ûǲǣô
ü
ŷ˵ߵʱзô
ΪѵĲ֪ô˵
УҲûаѡ
ŷ̾˿ղżǸʲôˣ
˵شϲŭɫ˿͸
ǣǷԼأ
Ŵûг
ɴӦòСڣҪģҪƺԼ˿¶ҪԶ˿ѽøѧѧѾͷѧѧҲа⹫ģⲻȵӣ׵Σ׺ϸڣϸڲܾɰܵҪء
ŷ̾Ϣ˵
ĸ׺͸磬⹫֮ǰҲûйľԽ㣬ǷһܷΪҪȥ˽̣ѵģҪģҪԼɥĸһڹ꣬ûĸϵ֧£ߵһʵװһ¹үļƣЩңܱߴСЩ˲ء뱨Σֵɣ
ͷ⹫˵ǣһú÷ʡԼúѧϰġ
Ǹúӣ⹫㣬ЩҲȷʵˣǿྡɹ죬ͻ֣ᷢһжֵõġ
лл⹫
˵


156   ѧ

⹫ĺܺãҲТ˳

̿ϣǳЦ˵
봹ӣ⹫ȷʵڳ㡭ٹ۲۲죬֮ǰȥˣ˵С
ھĵܰ˸ⲻһġ
ǿǸҲ
üͷ壬ԶھаϵʷЩҲ˵Ĺȥ᲻̫˰
̿㲢ûбֳκεΣϢ
ŷүӣҲһֱƵģδʲôס
֮ˣһΣյϢûǱʶҲˡ
벻һ
ȻûвʲôҪ˺̵˼ͻȻðô飬ʲô¡
Ǹʲôˣ
ûŷү˵̺ʵŮĺ
ͻȻķ˴࣬΢
룬ȻҡҡͷҲ֪Ͼ˼Ů˺ܶˣĺ˼ʣ˼ʹ
סСЦЦ˵Ҳǡ
ӣҪúõǡ
صйֲܼ׼һ£ϻйȥ鷿ˡ
ǹ˸СŮ
˵ķԸһˣ˵ǽҪλ˽һ齫Ͷ淨
һţæģ¶ˡ
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ʺһĵٰλòʺĺ̶һϵʱ䣬λ˾Ѿˡ
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һ˴ǵЦ⡣
ЧҲ̫˰ɡ
̣ˣ
楷ƺһ
ʺֵĿһۣûûСġ
楷ͷɩ
ܷܷҲЦĳ֣ɩ͵ˣ ôɡ
Щ˿ƺ齫ɶ楷ҹŸƳġ
̿˿ͷ޵ǳ
ʺ˶ˣſڵλҪҵķǧǣΪ˷ḻҵΪһЩֵİ취ǰϷģֽ״Ľ˿ƣ齫»ǽ淨
ллʺ
ȫл
ܷܷվߣʺⷬƲƲСʺԼ⻰˵ҲӺİģ֪˺òã
ꡣ
ЦЦ
֪ܷܷΪƽҲû˵ʲôʺȥͲˡ
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ԭֲǺܸȤһʱҲȫ˷˵һ֮󣬾Ϳʼֵˡ
ܿ죬Ժ
⶷棬һ㣬ԺȥҲеˡ
ǰҪû£ԼһԼû»ܴɶġ
̫ȤˣӮˣ

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̻ʱʱȥĳһָ֮¡
楷ƻܷܷҲʼʺ
楷ƿָ㽭ɽһ̣ƲƲ죬ĸ˵Ϊʲôôʲôأ ͬŮˣôʹǿ
ܷܷһ֪ɣһ첻ԲģĽأȻĽˡ
ιܺҶŸɰҲû˵ʲô㳰Ҹ
г㣬ǾѾҸ˰ﻹҪͱ˱ȥġ
ֳܷܷһӡ
ʺЦܷܷ˵Ҳ㣬Ҫͱ˱ء
ţ֪㳣֡
ܷܷ˵һ䡣
楷ưһۣУ㡣
ӴӴӴӮˣǮɡ
ܷܷϵƳ꣬楷֡
楷ƲԸĽĵϣߣɣһǮۿ
ᡣ
߿һȦִһĲˣ˵ֽ˿ɣҽ̴һ֣齫齫һ
ʼ˵
齫ƱȽ϶࣬ҲЩӣ̽ĺϸ
ַǶζţ߸ŵŮģʱԻؼо
Ƚ̴ֽ֮ץƣȻһ档
齫νЩѧһңת
˵ɣλɼѾߺūŹҽ̻ǣǻȥٽǺˡ
Ȼڳ˶̻ᣬôʱ䰡
οҲûġ
ڷһͬ˵ã
Ͼ˭ҲԼ޶۵һ汩¶ǰŮҪǻˣȥǾͺˡ


157  ů

̽ǿڸȶ˵ˣϽˮˡ
ʺڻʹԷ£ˡ
øϽظأ⹫Ҫ
̻صʱ򣬸պøŷϵҲˡ
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ǰסųͷȥЦ˵ȥһˣջô䲻䣿
ŷҡҡͷڲˣѾʼůˣͷҵ尡Ҳûô㲻÷ңԼ߾ͺá
á
ɿߡ
ŷǳϰԵʣӻӲʡ
ҪʱЩˣҲǰѰһˡ
⼸챻֮̾ɫҲԺ˲١
·ʮġ
õϢҲպôӸ̴ŷߣǹ˹̶⹫춨Ե֣ⶼϡ
ǡ
̰С°һ

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ãõĺܰ濴Ҳûʲôر֮һɴǾϲ
ŷϿš
ԺѲһȦסĵͷ
Ƕڰ֣֪Ŷٰνͭǽڡ
ô
˵ǰЩ⸮ϲ̫ƽͶలһЩδȻ
ţ⣬Ӧõġ
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ðҲûˣͶߡ
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ں档
ƽʱ͸⹫ߣæԶھֵ𣿡
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һʱЩš
ЦЦ˵ҲȫǣæʱܻһģԼҵ
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˵ҪһЩƥϵ⣬һЩģôȤ
ͷȷʵȤ˵ǿ̸һ£ûпԺĻᡣ
ЦЦݸ߹󣬻Լô
⹬ٺϾޣҪôһø̶ʵ϶Ҫ⣬ıģȻⷽ棬Ҫѧϰǡ
˵
ǫˣ⣬ҲΪӪԺʲôõı֮Ҫģչˡ
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ŷЦһ飬ȷʵЩͷԣԺǹϵˣҲѧ١⺢СҪǿҲŬоӦܺǺϵ
˵ϵϵǰҵ滨ԺˣȥɣкܶϡŹֵĺöӴ˵ϲء
ŷϵͷð⹫ȥ
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˵컹Щ䣬滨ԺԺʯʯϣȴȫһë׵ĺ̺һĶ
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160  Դ

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161   

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162   ʫ

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163   ҩ

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ʺɫĿߣǱһȥɡ
ǡ
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ЦЦ˵û⣬̫ҽҲģ̫ӶһƬТģū̫ǲẦġ
ʺɫһЩаɣȥиҽסĵġ
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ЦŰǮ˲ػţôõҩţͰ㵱ԼˣôġҲ˸һҩæȥһ£ҩܲܳԡ
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164   ҹ

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Ȼŵһҩ裬ڱϸţָ۹۲ĳɷ֡
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ǮæƿӷŻϣСĵ˵ػʺҩǴеģֻǡ
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Ǯ˵
ʺɫ±ѿˡ
״ϽǮ뿪Ȼߵʺ˵Ǯ˲ѧǳͻ˵˵ūȥ̫ҽԺѰΪ̫ҽȥæ
ˡ
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꣬ȥ̫ӽ˵¡
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״Ҳ֪ԼôȰûУϽȥZˡ
ʺϵĺҩƿԳЦ¡


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ʺȰЦЦ˵еϢЩˣ˵ĶôôôõҩϣһʶһƬТġ
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ĸĸ㶼֪ˡ
Zɫһףˣ¶־֡
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ʺ˲ӷ
ZһЦҺ˵ʲôĸ󹬵ĻӱͶ̫࣬ΣؿԺλֹڰҲԺλǣڵ̫ӣ ҾͰȫĸ㲻ŰҾˣٻУһ㽫ںεأ
Щ꣬ĸĻǱ̫ӵλãûбĸıӻнĵλ
ʺֱҪˡ
֪ZȻôġ
ٻӣΪץס㸸ʵģٰ㣡Zı𣡡
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ǡ
һ֣Ͻǰȥˡ
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165    ̵

ڵĻʺZ˿ɫ׵ˣӶú
ǿŻڽյķ⣬ֵӰ¼ˡ
ʱű򿪡
˵ڶǰ
ϡ
ʡ
ʺZʱȥӷĺܵ͡
̤һޱ飬ĿŶˡ
˵ʺZǾü尾ޱȡ
ʺ̲סҪڵʱͷ𣬡ɡ
ʺZһۣԲҶ
̵ĳǣҪ
檲ҡ
ʺZӵվ
ڰ֣Ͻ˶ȥŹϣſڡ
ϣŻʺҰ׵ZһӵģЦ£ͣ޵λã
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Zæȥ
ʺҧŴϣǳ檵ĴͭZ޹ء
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Ȼ֪ϵȥ˶٣ZĻ϶ˡ
Z۾һ졣
û뵽£ʺ˴Ȼʱȴһ仰˵
ŻʺһģǳһĨЦ歰֪̫Ϊô꣬һֱ޽Ҳסŷô
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ǸĸףҲǸĸס̫֮ܣΪ̵ʲô鶼ΪˣʲôȥŪҪʲôһˣ޵λãã
ʺ۾︡⣬ǿ˵ֻҪһ죬һ졣
Ҳأ
ʺͷûг
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ʺ
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̫һ֮ĸƹܺ󹬣ϳ谮ֹϧѦȴܶԱһЩܶԭZƫ̻һЩZҲĺӰѪͳĻʼѪһǺεȵģЩô
Ϊ޿õŻ㻹ڻʺλӣíZ̫ӣ
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ʺۣ
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⹬˱ǼʹľӶ࣬檽Լһ֮ĸÿ춼ҪԼܼʣޣҪȣҪ£Ҫ̣Ҫÿʣ»˭˭һֱûһĻʶһ̫ӣŮǹŮȴҪĴ쳺ͷʹοһ䣿쳺鲻ãͿ򱾹Ů⻹ûˣУвƽϣأŮϴһƣѵʹ𣡡


166  ׼

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ǻʺӦóܵһС
ֻ˵һ仰ȴûʺ絶
ԳЦ£ǰǻʺⶼǱӦõġ
正ÿ϶вͬΣúһɡ
뿪
ʺһᡣ

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ȥջ⹫ģ˵ỰҲֱӻˡ
ŷϺͳҲ뿪ˣߵʱһֱ͵⣬һţȻԼܻޱӡ
᲻ã
̧ͷ
ӣȻʶʱܶ࣬ϵĸ⹫͸ȷʵû˵ģȻ᲻
ô

Ĺֱӽ˴ϡ
˻ڻͳһȥ
ЩĵطգգۣιòҪȥɣ
ӦģһĨصЦ
Ѫͣڶǰ
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׹µĵط
ҲǴ׹£֪Լĵ׶˲һĸоߡ
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ЦʱҾ룬ﲻСˤˣǱ˺ǸŮˣʱһữǵġ
Цһûʲôӡ󡣡
̷˸ۣУ˭ܶһǰԼôײекøа֪ԼȶˣһεʱҾ͸Լӱʮ겻ﻺģһҪŪԹߣŮ
Ҳԡ
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֪ԼѾתͶ֮ǰһֱ޸ֲǲ֪ڱǿܵġ
̵ͷѾԭ֯ĻĿǰȫģ㻹ᱣȻ֯ˣֻһ³
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21ͣڹŴ
κ֯һ֪ԭ֯ˣңĻš
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Ͼʱ򣬳ȥ׬׬֣㿪ʼ˪ˮһױƷ
ϴڹɵǼƿЧرá
ﰵʹܶΣʲôʱٳˡ
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ķԸѾԺȦһأϸָĻˡ
㱨
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˵̺ڰֲѵˡ
뵽̺װͰ͵ģﳶ˳ǡ
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ǡ
ܿ죬̺ɾͷĹˡ
ң
̿ȥתһת¥¥Ǳߣûڳ۵ĵ̣úܴ󣬿Զ࿴ҡ
ãҪʲôã
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ִǹŴͰŮ˵ƳЩ¶һܿͻ
ھ֮Ϳǳأҿʼۡ
˳㿪ͻԱƣִӪģʽ
ͿڹŴγһɵ۲ҵ
֪ǮԺµʱܲ谭
ԺʼģˣҲ¡
ǰʲôᾡܣȥûк֮ǡ
֪Ҫ̵£üͷ壬˱Ƕô¥¥м̣ôҪȥ򣿡
̺ͷǮɡ
˺ڣãȥǼҵ̵ķҵ͹
ǡ
̺ת̲ס˸ۡ
үڿū


167 

Ȼôţ̺ɻǹԹԵȥ˷ҵǼŷȻȥ͸̡ڿ⼸ֽʱ⾿ʲôȽӹһ֮ȴһ˵ģ
̺һϵЩЦ˵үҸġ
룿̲⣬ǿһ䡣
̺ͷ´ʣ󽫸ոյһһĸ̡
һ㶣΢΢һЦЩӱţԱʱ֮裬Ͼڵβʮֵĺãǳʲô£ҲӦӦ
뵽˴̱㿪˿ڣЩȻ
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ҲѾϰˣûж˵ʲôֻոһ΢Цţ˵ûʲôȥæɡ
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ߣҪ⸽ͬĵ̵ĻЩ࣬Եûˡ
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ԼԺ󣬷֮ȥͷ̵̵̺ܵķͷȻ˵ȥѯ¥¥һҵ̣Ҫġ
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˵ͷϰһͬȥˡ
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仰ϰԵһ󳤳̾˿˵ʵ˵
仰Ժ̵üͷ΢΢˶ϰ彲˽Ĺ¡
ԭҵ̵ӿ֮ԸرΪȫϰãʼʱ򻹺ãҿʣܳȻƷ
Ǻþûάֶ೤ʱ䣬ϰ㷢֣ԼҵԽԽ٣ʼͥУſȸȻֻµʱ䡣
ǡǾʲôأһԺ̲סôһ䡣
ϰһ̾˿Ȼ˵˽Ĺ¡


168 µ

ԭڵ̿ŵһµʱ򣬾ֵĶ棬Ҳһҷꡣ
һϿͬ͵ĵ̣ͲʮֳģϾ˶ͬԩҵĵ㲻һ𿪵ꡣ
ҲͰˣǣڶ̿һµʱԼ˹ˣòԾȥ̽һ鱨
ⲻ̽ãһ̽ȴ˾Ĵܡ
ԭ̷ĲʲôõĲƷЩӵʽȻԼͷһģһ
˸ۣ˸ӻȥǮҲԭĵһԽԽòԾϽȥϰȥˡ
ȥԺ㷢֣öӣȻ͵ͷһģһֻǲʲͬԼ̵ȫģǼҵģͭ˽ˡ
ֻ˲ʮЩϾЩϳ˵Ķļ۸ҲǿڼǮϣҲȫȥǰͷǼҵȥˡ
û취ΪǮԵʣһٺ÷ݳޣҪ˵Ǽȥˡ
Ǻֻ취ȥȻϼȨˡ
˵ϰ忴Ź̨ϵһɫӷ㶣ڿԼİʲôҲɬһʱ侹Ȼ֪˵ʲôá
Ĭңϰ彫Ų̵ϣ˴Ȼˣֻƽ˵֪Ǯ棿
̿ЩӳĻӦԺ˵һ֡
һ˵ڣʵʵĽϰһͰ͵˵ԡȻǿԵġ
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˵еӣһٸӣЩǮҲ㹻ȫģҲ֪ǰλʲôģǺ㲻ʮָóȻӦ
ϰ岻ض룬ֻϲЩˣǮҲ㣬һֶ١
仰Ժϰ촽̻ΪԼǺ̺ɶһ֮ͳ˼Ʊ㽻ϰ塣
ȻǰλƷϾô˵˼ҲԼЦǻ̲סһȻһֶû١
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ϰһű飺Ȼģֻǡ
Ȼע⵽ı飬ԼʱʱƳһԸոյǸӵ񣬾һУȻ󻺻˹ȥöӵݵϣ˵ȻʱʰҲ㣬ӡ
ϰебĴеʱһ㶣ŷӦеǸʲô۾΢΢һȡ
̲֪ﶷֻ˵ӣ͸ģϾһˣҲܸЩǡ
ϰ忴̵۾һݣǸм
ԼӴʮͼ޸Լûʲôӣ뱲Ӷܿ࣬ȵʮʱ򣬱㶪һȥˡ
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ҲǴԼһصϼҡ
Ժǰͨ˵¥¥ǼҵѾʰˣͲͷᶫˡ
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Ϊ벢ʮԶԵʣԼ˺ܿ㵽·ƺ۷׷Щʲô̶⣬Ȼ˸߰˰ˡ
˵Ҫʲô𣿡
˵˵ˣ˵ʲô֬ʲôġҲ֪塣
֬ǶҲֵÿôꣿҿţǮûʹˣͷ˷ʱ䡣
Сҿ˵걳˳أھԱվšǲҪˣ
仰Ժ׿ǶһۣҲ֪Լ˵˻һۣˡ
ûʲôһԵ̺ɷӦֻͦըëСèô˵Ҳȥ
Լʲôģôֵõǲˣ
̿⸱ģЩɰˣ˵ǵģʲôϵԺɾͲˡ
ܳŴ̺ɿţҲܡ
̺ƲƲ죬һͬǼ¿ĵȥˡ


169 취

˵Ժ´һڵĳ裬ԭûкܴĲԭӵƷĸǰģ֬ˮ۵ױƷҲûԵ÷ǳӵҡ
Ϊĵ˵ͷ˵ȥɣԼʰһá
⡭
˻ԭԥţƺ֪ӦӦĻ뿪ϾҲǷү֮²ҪʲôģǾô뿪˵Ļ˭֪᲻ʲô顣
Ȼ֪ǵ﾿ôģǼǴĻҪԼĿ˶ˡ
뵽ǸһԵ̺һСѾͷҲһӾ˼˵ͷȻǰļˣ̧̧°ͣΪӣʲô⣡ĻϽȥ
ԱߵСѾͷɱˣǼһһģһʱ䶼ӦԼ˵ʲôˣֻû˼ۣ˸Ǻصȥˡ
̺һ̣ҲûоøոԼжʣǺԹԵվ̵ĸǰȻʵ㾿ΪʲôҪǸ߰
΢΢һЦû¶ֲͷ飬ֻĵĻشµ꿪ţȻӦŪעĿһ㣬ǸովҪȫˣ˵
˵ǲԾĿһ۶Ǹε꣬Ȼ˵˵з磬̫ˣҪ˶ˡ
ԭˡ̵̺һԺƶǶĵ˵ͷʵûʮ̵˼Ҳһ
лᣬһһ˵̴̺۾ͷΪã˼ֻ΢΢һЦôһ仰Ժ󣬱㵽һȥƹ̨ϵЩȥˡ
̳ͷװǹ֬ǽȻϹŷ֬ɣ һЩִеԭϣ֬һЩԱԭ
ϾҲִûô߿ƼȡʮȽĶ
ҺִҲڲоŴķ߽ҲǸѡ
̿˿̳е֬ȻϣַŻԭλϡ
ոԼ̺˵ЩԼϰ徭Щ飬ҲڸԼһΡ
ԭִŴҲν桱Щ飬ΪŴûаȨȶ˵ġԭƷƺ͸Ӵ粽С
뵽̲סҧҧ
Ȼ˵ԼЩԼʮѵģʲôʱ򶼲ȱͷԷ˲ţҪѧЩֱ練Ƶ顣
ʲô취ܽأ
룬뵽һ
ȻԼϮôͶഴһЩͿ
תһ룬ȴ֣ȻУȴʼղǳԶ֮ơ
ϾȻƳֹԼĶϮҲʹԼÿʹõԭֻʹһΣϾڶҪõĶûõĶˡ
ҲΪˣ˱Ϯ˷ѵĶ
ǲеġ뵽
ϾԼⲻڹǮƣԭԼӶʱõķãʵڲһСĿǮȥЩҲʣ޼ˡ
뵽̲ס̾˿
Լӵ⸱ģ̺Ҳ֪Ӧôźã촽ͼʲô취ζ벻
ЩһĪչʱȴһϤ
ȻûеĶǾԼһˡ
̵۾һָո˵ģȻԼϵͳСi
Сi˵ûȻϣνױƷóôһƷȨôԼǿֵ
ңԼôɽȻʲôȥҪĹ˼ʲôˡ
ţ̲סСi޵˵СiǴһ㶼õ
Сiѵ̿жˣƨĺһȻ˵
Ȼ˿Сiܸˣʱȥ˿ѽҪЩֺͽأ
ȻתתһȦǴԼȥβˣǺֻóĺһΪͷģ֪֪ˡ
ϽرϵͳվСͷԼδ
Ǯֳĸо
ζ飬ȴҪˣȻǰѳֲסЦ۾Ρ
ãôɣ


170 ͻ


̲Ƴͬһµŵ֬Ĺ˼֮»гĻױ⡣
緼ˮֻǵõ廨ڷ䣬벻ȥ
Сiʾ֮£ִĿں죬ɫ󣬵͹Ŵ֬ˮǧƪһɵɫͬ
ֿ̳ǵ˲ͬ˵沿ͬԲͬɫĿںܷǵĹá
ṩˡ
Ҳ뷨Ȼĵ̶ôһЩССµĻױƷ򿪵̵ĳ·ȻרĵƸ߶˵Ĳҵ
ͷͷǵ
СiһĵͷȻѡˣĶࡣ
̺ʱҲûš
̸˺ܶרҵȥԷԸﻹ򵥡
ȸʾһ̺ɾһܿǾ˸ɫĿں졣
ģʦṩġ
ĵ˵ͷȻЦеİЩں춼˵̵ǰдһƣúõ
̺ɿЩ⣬ʲô˵ֻĬĬ£ʱ̫࣬æء
һæµģҲ˼ƽϣķԸ⼸æҴһ
̺ĵ˵ͷСİõɫĸעģ֮Уһֻں졣
ںɫˣٵļǡ
ζڵ
ȲŨҲţζֵĸոպá
ƾΪһĪζ˹ϸĴһ֮ǰⲢõĵꡣ
ںˡ
̧ۣϸϸؿ˿
չλŮüĿ䣬߲ʣĶ
ǺѯʵЩʲô
˵⻰ְ֮ԼѾẉ̂˼Ǻ
ȴûкƽϣԼƵˮһԡ
֪λСҪЩʲôпյ֬оĿںˮСʱĻԳһ
Щ̧һȦЩδĿתضŷۺɫĿں졣
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ںʲôҿɻû˵
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ܹͭеԼΪۺɫͻȻøӵӯͬŮһ㡣
һ⡣
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ȻǴ´࣬㻹ԸĻѡһЩĶ˵õˮ
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̼ʮֵȻ
Ƴĵ˵ͷְСϸһﲻĸ̾жٶԼ֪ġ
⿴ƽƽСиֵıء
æ˵ƹ㻹зƷֵĻҲԸֱӰ͵ңһģۿٵļ۸񶼿ԡ
ȻֻǽչʾĿϾӵĿ־
Ѿ˶ۡ
ƹľԲһ㣬Щδŵġ
ЦǺǵĵ˵ͷٵСΡ
̺ĿĿһ׮ɣЩųݵĿϡ
⼸ƱֻΪ㶫
̫š
ĴѾ뿪ˣ¶һĨЦݡ
֮ԾŵŵϢ
̱ԽãĺС
ո˳һ֮Ҳ˱뷨õˮ֮ȫзͬһ͵ĶΪһװ֮Ƴ
ǺĶӲͣ
̶ʮĹѾзˣõΪˮں컹ͷ͡
ְǷ˵̵ǰ
һγͷͷ֮󣬱ƵƵҵꡣ˲ٵ
ںļ۸񲢲ǰ
ĶͲһˡ
Ͼɱˣõˮö䴿õѹɡȻܱȥ
Ĺ֮£ͥȸ޵ĵ̣С
̺һҲæ̲ѸļѾ߷˹Ҳ˼СŮ﹤


171 µ

̺ƵĹϵҲΪ
һʼҲ֪ݱԺգʫǱõĹϵϸϸ̸Ҳܹ֮еĲ
˵ƴ˿űӺԹ˵Ĳ֪Ūʲô۶ӣ˵ȥͻʱ򣬶ԿǾޱ⣬ͰԺӵǾޱˣô˷ôС
˼ĵ˵ͷ
ǸԼٵϢʫôȥĻ϶ߵġ
ͻȻһ˵ȻôвŻĻĲ軰һͬȥɡһȥĻ㻹˳ĲƷء
̵˵ͷ˵Щ߶˲ҵߵĲƷǸʺЩǮĴСǣƽ˸
ͬˣ¶һĨ΢ЦȻֺβ˵顣
㣬֪ʱ䣬ʫ㲻֪Ƿʲôһ˭ˬҶȥǼҶ߶
˵ļľɥ
̶ʱҲö˵ЩʲôƵһʼΪ˱£ҲûнԼչ¶֪Ļ»뷨ɡ
΢䵽ʱμӲ軰ʱ˲𴩳̾ǻΪɤӺ˵ʵһһֱ㣬֮ǰһֱûи߹ҵ̡
һƱټ˫ɵøӴˣԵòš
С豭΢΢ҡţˮɽ֡
ƵѾһԸϽľһ
̹Ŵ뱾ٽһû뵽ֳ˴ĶǺϽóԼСߡ
͸Ĳװ˾ƾСʱľƾͿĨոձ˵˿֮ϡ
ᣬҲġ
ƵһģʽӿţȻ˺ţÿɷ̰ʵݸ߸ʱٲζ
ƭĸо㲻Ϻá
ϸϸһҲòʱ˵ദʵеģ˼٣ԽôţԽǾɬѡ
ĶȴûΪ뷨òϽǰ˶֮ͿԡѪࡣ
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ʱСһЩҪӴ𣬶ҰʱҩǾԲ̵ģСһܹǺ¡
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ů
Σʱһֱ˲ٵյСУҲרŸ˼ֻں졣
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һЦеڴɢˡ
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ĵ˵ͷɾû뵽ﻻһλ֮͡
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Ҹ˵֮һɴ
ãܹĿ֮䴹¶ʹĹâԼɴ֮ǲСӿݵģļֲ
Ӹһǰ֮ǰ֬ˣŹ㡣
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һû뵽Ȼֱ¡ȫȫ㣬ԲŻĵŴĶû뵽ӹҵ⣬֬ˮ֮ϳôĶôܹȥˡ
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ơ
ȴԼ⣬Щ֬ˮ۶Сiṩ֮ģȫ϶бϵġ
Ŀſ
ȹ԰꣬ǲҵ֬⣬ҪһʺأϾû˿ֻйҵ֬ŵµһ⣬˵Բԣ


172 

һĹ˿ͣѡŲƷ
Ȼô򵥵ķŹøӵֻͣĿ߲ʡ
һĵͷӭϵҿ˲ٵĶϹ˿ˣвٵĿ˶ңںúõҲǰøˣôأ
Ҳ֪ĵмһߡ
ƹôã۷ʲô飬ȻҪƹ˵ҿɲһԽ˵ԽԼӣ䲻мҴԼʲô飬ƾʲôֳܵͷѵƹд𣿡
ĵ˵ͷҲûдҲûл㣬ֻͷôĶ²ֻΪҵĻƷԵʰɡ
ֻ΢ѵɨ˼ۣܹó֮ϵĶΪȷڵԵʡ
϶ҩ壬ظڱƤ֮ɵġ
óȵûô򵥣Ľл̺ɣ͵͵ĳԸ˼䡣
һҺúõȥһļҵף͸ڵûйϵҿ˹Ĺҳˡ
̺ĵ˵ͷ
ҵľء
ĶûκεֹЪվ˹ƴҪһ
ŮǰϧԼյġ
ĳ˴ǣ̧һĨЦȻ˵ˣȥĵطһΪúõһƣҵ֬ɵʧһеǵĻ
¶һĨζЦݡ
񷢻š
ȻŵرȴԸû뵽Ķ˳Ծֻͷո˵֬
ֻпĸ廹ţûܵκεȾ
ȳԾѯʵЩʲô飬ѵвң
Ƶҡҡͷ
ҵȻûеô˼ǧҪС֮ĶȾ֮㲻˵ҵ֬ɵ𣿲ͰЩȥרҵʿú÷һĸڳ⡣
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ǸҲκξܾɣֻĵ˵ͷ
һԸģ֪϶Ρ
һ԰æسŹ˿˵̵ĺû
ʱһֱڵ棬ٵĹ˿Ͷǻ˸죬ЩƷͿĨǵϣǵƤҲۿɼıˣⶼƭ˵ġ
ԣڳ֮˳ȵĻ˲ࡣ
СiһԷʡ
ôԼԼأжЩ⡣
εķ˸ۣҲԼЩ֮ȾȥĻͻԵǹΪ֮Σ·¶ᴫ⡣
Щһܴȥġ
ڵ̲ŸոտţԿηҲǶġ
һΪǽѣһ
֮ǰ˵ģһλСƤеӲоǹˣʶģʹλȥúõĿһɡ
˵仰֮ųȡ
ֻܹӲͷƤͷ
Ǹлλˡ
⻰˵֮ǱƵĴ֮á
вٵС
ᳵ·Ĵ˶¥һС档
ˮɢµĲҩζţߣԹĽ
̴ݲȵߵǰ档
ԵЩǣʶĸԼϺ׵Ķ
ıֵĻ
ǸһҶбЩɻơ
ĳ˵ҶУһλΪͿĨҺƳ֬ͻȻĶͺס
һ˼ҶУҶпĺͰƵĸԼ׻ĺӡ
һԲ鲻Ը˹
ӵپòϰߣԭֻܹƲŴꡣ
ıֵòܹˡ
ƶˣĲԾ
ҶϸĹ۲һȻϸĸĶһ
ǵ֮ɢԵĹ
Ҷ˼˵⿴ɲһ㡣ĶȻͬΪ˲ҩԵʣӲ߳ġ
ȵڻԸϡ
ôܣҾΪͿ֬ʱȻͳ˳ôС
ԸϣԽ˵Խί
һӿȳƺͨķʽеͬ顣
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173 

ʱΪͱ˵Ļøӵ΢
Ȳ֪Ӧԣ֮ĳԶ׼ڱ̸ֱܶӳԼ
һ̹ϵĳˡ
־ԼĹⲻȥǺҧгֱ̧Ķʣµļˡ
ϾǶһģ˵ʲôǶԵġ
΢
Ҷпһģĺ˼ɣȻ˵Сֺαˡ
һ԰ǻ϶˵ûҪǸǾ˭Ļʹңڻһʲô˵Ļɲǳصġ
ᡣ
ȴû̧ۿֻǿһĬŮӡ
һ仰˵ֻǳǳĽķ֮ϣĿͻȻðĶ
д
Ⱦ񿴵˸ӵĲһǿԼ侲
˵ĿͶĿȴ˾øˡ
˵Ǵųζ
ҧôңı㣬ҾԲܰĻ׸߸ġ
ǱĳԼС
ȴò⣬һԵ̺֣УúõһҾͲһ仰˵Ҫ֪ࡣ
üĿϬ
̺Ҳһ仰˵ֻܹ˵ͷȻ˵ǰ廨İ
Ƽ̾
û뵽ߵѾ߶ǻ书ѽүҲǷ˺ô˼ء
ǳĽûκμʵĺۼ
ĵͷҲǳһԵҶимһ
Ļ½һֱס
˵仰֮ĿǳǳԥҪĳϡ
Ҳ֪Ӧüȥˣһɣ뿪
̺ȻҲǲҵģ˫˫Žš
ܹί
ϸĿһƤۣǸй
ӦڳﻹвĴԼĻ죬Ȼǲô򵥵ķŹġ
ȿǲûзŹԼ˼΢
֪֪˭ڲǾ˭ĻʹҪǸӰҰҲ϶ûǵĺùӳԡ
Խ˵Խߡ
һŽεСޡȿͻȻֵһʱ侪㵵صһ
⸱ģĵϲڵĻҳ
ԾŨĲľ㣬ǳȴûзɣܹܵ޵ɱЮһ
ֱ޴ӡ
ȵüͷ˵㾿ҪЩʲôĿġ
Խ˵ԽûеոջҫڻȻ̵ݡ
󣬻λһ˭˸磿
ܹʲôɫͻأһת鲻ԽһĨЦ⣬һᡣ
ΪԼиʲôݵλͿҫˣҪ֪ʵʲôǣֳЩǴĸĻ¡
Ȼڻڳǲ˼ɡ
Ỻ͡
̺һԽĽ³˸⡣
һ仰˵֪õѡǳĬԼ˻Լġ
ֻһԲ
Ҳû뵽˵ĲϺǻ˻䡣
֮󣬱ǰ͵˸
ȸоԼֽʹΪյĺܽԼ۵ļҲһȦһȦĺӡӡ
ûܹί
ֹס˳ͷĿ־ΪԼݻ̶Щɵ
ڿ˿Щ¡
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ȳüͷҶ롣
ͬʱҲ̺ɵ֮µõ˳ȵ
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Ļ˭
ʫ
̳̺ʹ˸ɫʮ𾴵ȥ
ټĴֻˡ
һʱͷԣ֪Щʲôɿˡ
ֻܹͷһԲ
ǰƱˡ
̰ϸݡ
ЩСֶο϶ҵģֻԼ˲顣֪Ҳֻʫµһ߹ѡ
ев졣
ȴòһ㣬ҧһ䷴Ļ˵
ʵڳ⣬ʫ϶Ѿõ˷㣬Ϊ֪ǲңǺαء
ЦЦȻ뷨


174 ѡ

Хķþ֮УżҲɢζ
貶Ŀǵĵ˳ȵϵʱ
һξóǵĺϯ
Ⱦ˵ĺܶԡ
ΣʫûйԼңпɱڡ
ԣԼֻСģͬһĴڡ
˼ͨͨȻˣ֮ǰĹ켣ٰ㲻Ըϣ޷ֹںϡ
·
ЧԲԣʲôôأҪ֪ҵĸ׿ĻǼ;ᱻݻ١
ĹĽë͸¶
̳֡
ֱɵĴӦˣ̻ûκεüֵ
˼ȫȤ
ҲӦ֪е鶼ҵۣûȷ֤ݣֻҪԸĻһϷͺˣʫܹķĻеŲ¶𣿡
ȼٵ̧ͷȻģͿЦ⡣
ֻܹͷѾûκε·ˣҲҲ
İɣҶ㰲׵ںһ°Եĸ⿪ֻҪںʫʱΪû֤ݣʱķŹ㣬ֻҪװʫ㲻Ҫ֮ľͺˡ
ȴӦˡ
һɵ㡣ܹᵽǴ·ݳġ
˽ˣѵһҲԱ
ĬĬţΡΡ뿪ү
̺һԲ˼
ɣֻһԼϲڵĳȻչ¶۽ǣ¶һĨ΢Ц
̺ʲô˵
ǲں棿
ûôƽϡ
̺书ʺϳðߵˣ˼͸һЩĻԺ档
š
ҲøᣬһԶضؽ̻塣
ʵѾ֪ˣһҪʫδ֪֪Щ飬Ȩ
̺öôȦȦƣֻһԾĵͷϸϸķš
ȣΪǵˣܹúõļнȥ
ҲǸɵӡ
תͷȥ˵ĽĻȿ²ô׵뿪һķʲôĻƽ׵ĸүһӡ
ȻǶеķʸģôޱ
̺ɷЩĵ˵ͷ
Щָйĵĸۡ
̺ôơ
ʼ˸ųݵĹâû뵽̻˵иӿ
ʱĸһ䡣
ȸһصУͿһʫ
дŲôСһЩұĵ̵ģôƵ˾֪ˣһ˵ȥһĸ
Խ˵Խ߰һ߸ϵģ˷ⲻˬ
ȴǿԼŭһ仰˵
ֻһա
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ʫ±ľ³Ȱ鴫˳ȥ
ȹڳһֵ̿ģҡҡͷ
Ȼ̧Լ·ܹԼϴĿĵ˺ۡ
Եüί˵Ө֮ϻš
ҵȻǲ߸ģϾǹϵȻЩͷǺô㣬Ҳûκε֤֤ЩԼŪ
˵仰ֵĸԼϿӿݵģԵøӵĿɬ
ԼĴۡ
㲻Ϻá
ʫһֻݱøӵĲ⡣
˵ô򵥵顣ˣܹĵأ
ǷŲ
ҿһʱᵹǲܹݻʱ˲ٵƷ̣ѾˡȰٵ˵Щ黹ôӳ顣
ʫɲ߶ʮһ
ڿݱ;еĲˬѾִޡ
ƾʲô
ʫ;һ˵
ҿ죬һҩٸ㣬취ҩ֬棬Ӳ˭Ϊ⣬µĶͿΣܹܲ⡣
佾һ
ҿɲϣٸˣһΡǧҪеڶΣòҪҶʧ
ࡣ
ҧĵ˵ͷûκε·ˡ


175 ˪

¹
ʶûӣ˼Ѿˡ
ȼȥ֪ʲôʱܹڳﴳš
ȻԺٻһãö˾Եûսԡ
о̫û˼ˡ
ɨȴܹ¹ӳ֮£һĨʵӰԽԽ
롣
̧˵үôˣ
ͨҲ֪Ͳ
û뵽ʫȻ˵ֶΡ
̶ֺαطŻɽ
ҡҡͷǷŻɽҪԼ¶ֻ˼
˵Ļеĸ˳ĳ
Ҳۡ
ʱ䣬æЩϡŹֵС⣬֬ˮۣͬɫͬ״к
ûʲôܹס
ˡ
ȴһĨ΢Ц
ʲô಻ģֻǾЩܹɵǡôҶԾõȰοˡ
ܹڵÿһλŮӶͿǵĿں죬ѡױݣԼԾһĪá
һѽڻĶԡ
ʱ߳Ƶү
ֻһޱԼ˵ĳɶѡ
ĳ֮ǱϷһıһССķ
̺Ŀ
ʲô
ǻһĨ΢Ц
ʱ
̵ΪȵĲͶЩֲˡ
ԡȻҽǱҩ
ǻֵҩ̫ҽˣֻҪÿһ飬ò˼죬־ͻɰ񡣡
Ůǲأ
⻰м΢Цһ˫޳İɫҩ࣬ȻĻƼ䡣
һ࿪
ȴָ䡣
̶ʱ˼
ʱʮֵĸܹ˪ĻӦܹȫǡ
뿴ıǼ⣬ѯʵôˣ̶ǲʲôС
΢̧ϸһۣȻסĲӡ
ûҪΪүĻҿܻ뵽ôĵء
˵ɾ͸ɣ˵һˡ
̾һ̵˳ȥֻһСıӰ¹ĺܳ
뿴һҴҵģȻʧЦһ仰û˵
ֻҪܹĿ֡õ顣
רʵܿĵ׼µĻ˪
˵רŵʵҲΪٵġ
Ұ뷨˺ܶģߣʽҺװ棬ʵ顣
ִĿҲ˶٣ֻҩûôķḻ
̾۾İҩѹССһ飬Ȼõ徫ͣʼ衣
еıܿ˵Ĺ
Ҳ˼֮󣬲ʺϵ䷽
壬㹻ıʪ
øӾµĺӽ˪μӲ軰ʱҪ͵İ
ȻҲƣĵеı˸ʵġ
ա
峿˵޶ˡƽȣиϢԽԽʢ
̸ӿ϶Լľȷġ
Ƶڲһò衣
һŵģѯʵ̶첻ȥ
ʱæµһֻ
̸һ裬΢̧
쵹ǲãҸսʶһλѣ˵һȥ軰ᣬҲüĽãɢɢҲǺ¡
뷴Ȥ
˭
ơȻ棬˼覣ʮֵֵ
̸̻˵š
ҲЩţǲģԻðȥúõĵһ
˵ܲٲܲپ͵
ƽҲʢװϯһ
һҺɫѣ˶ԵøĽΣ֮ͿĨ̸רںɫš
Եȹ֮嵭õζ
ǰһ
ǱϹϾĳڣۡдҫ˼
㣬ҽ⸱ģÿ𣿡
˵
̳չ¶ԼĿ϶
ܲ
ɨӹȥ
ֻܹܵ޶˵Լ֫Ӷϡ
̫ˡ
ĬĬ²ţҲҰЩ˵
޿κε֡
ƻСɱ۸ˡ
һʱҲԶԣֻ˹ϵܺãԼһЩҲӦõġ
Ҳѵõչ¶һĨǳЦ


176 ҵ

ͤ
гõľɫκ˶ɷдеľ
ʫʥд˿ڵʫ䣬ͤҲΪʫ
̺ʱǳǳɨһȻͬʫ˵˵ͤͤ
Ҳͤӡ
ļҲ޾Ǹиɫͻ໥һʻۡ
ǴһĨЦǳǳĿ˹ȥ
ͬһЦݡ
֪ﲻٵ˶ǼҷܹǻʶĻպҲǴôġ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
Сiʱʱĳ
ˣҪʱĻˣһܹõٵĻ֡
Ȼ֪һ㣬Щǿġ
绺
һ˲ɫûпǿԼϤĺýá
ʫ
ʫչʹ˱˷ͷ˼һĳȹԵø欣ȹ޶˵õ廨

ģ˽ͬײ
ҧгݱû뵽˴»˵ƣڿһ취ûС
Ͼˡ
΢
ʫԼ·ƣ˹Ŀбӡ
һΪ˭ߵˣȻߵˣĻҾûʲôˡ
ķ̡
Եν
˿װȻô·Ļչ¶һĨ򵥵ЦݣǾ˵ĵط
˵Ҳ˵
ʫԵøӵ󣬵һ仰˵
Ͼ⻰Ѿµġ
ƿԱԵúò죬쬵ЦЦ
˵ĶԣϾе˱ֲôΪԼǵλܹԣʵʲôأ
¶һĨ΢Цݡ
ʫʾ
㶮ʲô𱰣ʫɴĿˣóԼݿʼѹˣȻҲ׽㣬ҺôҲı㣬óò̬ƣҪΪ޼ɵģܹ
һ˫Ŀɵü
ηĶ仰˵ҲǣԲӣĵطûйܽңڱżëΪԼ˸֦ʲô˲ġ
һ
̱Ȱ裬һλ˵յŮˣ˹
ױݺͽԵøӵׯء
ɴǵЦΪ۲ݵĳΪѡ
Ƿʲôˣ
ΪİɻĿ⣬˹ȥ
Ȼû뵽ˣ޿κε̾Ϣһ
û뵽ᾪҵĴС㣬˵ŲŲģô
ѵñԹ˵
˹Եøӵ󣬱ǽͶݵϸĴ
׿Ⱥ
Ůȶһݶׯ
ʫһԵøСѵѵѵҵãҪɫ𣿡
æһԷ༥
ҿɲһáϾѾûʲôѪԵϵ
ġ
ɿ˰ģֻĻ˻֣֧ǵĶζĿͶһԣһֱһԲϡ
˵Ŀ˴˽ơ
ܹƷζЩĵׯ
ҲǴûп˲Ůӡ
ֻϸĿȥܹȻ֬ˮͿĨգܹɫ㲻Ϻá
˵ֵ⣬˵ڻû·ƣָ䡣
˵
ҿƢθĹܶá
ֻû뵽˵ǾʮģӦĳҩǿš
Сiæ˵
˹ȻʴӱһܹˣԸĻܹòٵĻ֡
Ӧǻеܹġ
̰Ҳ֪δ
˵ȥ˵Ļǲ̫ͻˣ
ȻҲûкԵɿʱһŵԥ
ʫȫСӶ˳ֹ˶˼Լķȣûж˵
ˣȻǺò״ҳʱ⣬ҲҪֵôˡ
ᣬϸϸĻܹΪ㣬β˺ѡ
ʱʱ̡
ֹģЩ֡
ƸߵʱȴĸסƵ֡
ЩλС˵һ˵
˹ɵȴԵ⣬ֻǴǺǡôЦݡ
Ȼ֪ʲôǵͷ


177 

Ļ㣬⣬һݺԵúò֡
ĺ֮ӳ봰ڣֱ˵Ķס
̧⿺һò裬͵Ĳˮ˹ȥ
Ϻõıݴڰ״ɻ֮ϡ
صĺò裬ϣϲ
̴ݲȵһڣ˾ܹ۵׵һĨס
չϵļأѵõĺ
˵ӡǵˣС״ܺá
ͷһ
СiЩȵ˵
˳ĻܹòٵĻֺͽأҲܹ˳ĿңĽƷǺܸ߳ء
ɻŲδ񣬶ЩԵ⡣
ͷϤȴ֮ȥ
ҵС㣿
Ȼ֮ǰûйϤԼţոҲǰ̵ݶ߸
ǵġ
ҲûʲôãȻҲԲ˸ղ֮һ˵Ĵ;衣
ʵСһֱȤɣҲŻṩᣬֻ֪˾С㾿Ҫ˵Щʲô
żɽ
ɵû뵽˵ֱӡ
һʱ䣬ЩæĽƵؿһۣľǳǳĺһڲˮ
ŵ˵ͷǾҪҵһ˺ơ
ǽʵ¶ȡŲ豭Եԥ
˵Ϊʱ硣
ǲòϣ֮ǰոʱ
ܹ׾ٵĲ׽ϵϤС
ûжۣö˵
ȴ̸ܹܶ˳õֵĻضպķչ洦
ǣɿе˶ǳĵĮܹܲܵˣҽηҪһʺš
죬ġ
˵ҲǺ棬û뵽۵һĨװչϵļأǲͬѰļǺء
⻰һЩǵĸԼ۵ס
ܹڵıʹ
ɳʲôأǶԣⲻ𣿡
ǹҵļ̳Ҫʹòһ㡣
ڵһӡ
Եòԡ΢΢ҡͷȥ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ƾࡣ
ʵǼһһֱŴ̥ǡ
Ůӵ·ʹ޺ͱˡ
ǹһҶ㲻ܹӵ۵һĨ׵ˣǼļ̳ˣǰմԣ̳˶ʮꡣ
΢̾һ
Ǵ˵еŴǹ˸Щ飬ֱ֮ġ
һ취ûС
ԵЩΡ
ӡǣʲô취أ
ļֹĶƸУɲ˵ҵĻҿ԰úõһƵġ
Ȼ˵ŴǱڹ֮ϣ֮ǰӡ̡
нʽģֻҪڵĵ
ʶЩܡ
ôأǼѾܶУԴ޲ߣ¾Ǹ˵ĳͷɡ
ǹû˵ЩǻŴģŴ֤ҩɾȡݲȣҹѵ֪Щ״Ȳ˵ĻҾȲˡ
һʱ֮侹޷ԣȼյ
оԼеѪҲ
Ӧ
ǿԼ侲
Ҳϣǵȴֻһһεľ
ŬһЩĻ
ͻȻʲôȻæס֡
ϣҵĻǲҲҽҸļҸҲǺһ֢״ֻҸ
̵˵ͷܹ˵ĻܹõĻ֣֮á
ȻûģֻȷĽ䱸ҵİţԺҸҩҲó¡
һİ˶ԣúܶ˾ܾ
ܹܵϵϤУȻ˵Ϊʲô
ǲɷϡ
ĵ˵ͷŵס֣оԼ˫ڲ
̻ס֣һһ˵ĺܿ϶
һͷİɣֻҪڵĻԻһת
ϾҽûִĲһŴԴΪʱĿԽԵñ׾
ǳǳЦЦ
ɳ¶һĨмЦݡ
ܹκǵĲĻƾѡ
ҪǱˣµĿˡ
ȴԵν
Щȵʱҩ˵ɡ
һĨǳЦӳ
СiһԾԾԡ
̫ˣܹµˣ
ɲʲôֵ
ĬĬš


178 ƽ

ƶڷǰĴţ·˸һռ䡣
ͬʱҲһдʡ
ôѽ֪˵ЩʲôµĻ鷳ˡ
׻˵úãӵ
ƾҪٲĻԼ͸ɴŶȽϺá
û뵽׼ŵʱ̱˳
ҲЦ޵
һڵģԵøӵԻ󣬲֪롣
ôо·ʲôԼ
ĳ˵һлȻȵһߡ
ɻգ˫ۡ
׷ʲô飿
Ҳûзʲô飬¸˵Ҳ
̵ԸЩ۸ӵ߸Ͼ漰һЩڹҵСܡ
ҪǱȥˣͼɾͲˡ
ƿ⸱ģ֪϶ԸԼʲô飬ûа취
ֻܹĺ档
Сӵĺľôʢ
һ˫գգ
һ޹ģЦеĸСԴȻһԲ
ǰοһֻСèһ
ƶʱԵ֪ǣ㣬ܹǺǴüͷ˵㣬֪һҪ飬вٵ˶ȥ
˵ĺ
ɱϾˡ
˲ͬѾʻ䣬ûк˶»Լд˵ȻΪŮӣѾ̳˹ҴʴʵĲƲҼΪҵƶˡ
ԲٵŮӶŰͽ
޿κεЦЦ
ǴЩ˼С㵱ȻǿóģϾֲɵ̰Ŀ⣬ô᲻˷ء
ҪһȻҲǺֺ̻õ˼ȥġ
Ȼ˵үҲǾ˴ġ
һתͷȥҪ˵Щʲô̾ǽյĿ֮еи
Ҳǲµʲô
ԵЩΡ
ưҿɲˡ
æĵ˵ͷ
Ͼʵ̫á
ҹɫ
һ軰ŽĻ˵̸ʱ便ʲôЩȤţ˵úõ涷ޡ
ϾЩ̻СƽʱǴŲŲġ
òܹʿȻҪչһԼĲա
̴ǺһĨε΢Ц
û뵽ôġ
ÿһλŮӶ䵽˲ͬλ֮ϣȻһ̨ӣ̨֮ϻвٵŹ㣬ǰݲա
ͶƱƱѡвõˡ
̵û뵽軰ỹֻڣúġղһСĵıԹ˶
Ȥع۲š
𣿡
һ仰ֵԶԡ
㱼ҲȻˣڹ˶ԣлǰһҲǲٵ֡
ˣ㣬һûи߹أǰεĲ軰϶ʫεͷء
Ҫû뵽ֲգĵüʾԼĺ档
㣬ǧΪΪԼĲճڣԲŻõһһԷ߷߲ƽΪԱϵõģԲ˶һӣͶƱˣƮƮȻ
ĵĺ˼ʾԼĲм
̵ܹ֮Ĵζ޿κεĵ˵ıӡ
Ļǲÿһζӵڶ
ľˡ
㣬ô֪ģ
Ҳµġ
Ȼƣ̸۵һʱ˵ҧгݣͲµпǵڶ
ԲŶ
á
ʫĿ̨֮ȥȻһ׹
ĴҲ㲻Ϻá
ƽƽĹ඼ܹϵһĻҲòȷǺá
ļ
ѵͲȥ𣿡
һ²һ¡
ң̾ԼҲóЩǸϲҶ
һȤȱȱģҲԸȥˣֻǰĳŹӡ
ϾԼȥζֹڵڶҲԼûбҪٹȥˡ
û뵽һĨƵӰ
ɵ̨ţͬҲǱŹݡ
ͬ˹ֻ

ɽԼ˳ĳͬһ㡣
һˣͬ
ٵŮӶ̿ҪƱͶһ뵽֮ǰʫǧȻ˼
ֻܹˡ
̵ûôֱིӵİƱд˹ɵ֡
Ͼó˵ѡ


179   ǳص

ѡƱĽȻǹɰεͷ
Ц̣ʫޱյ뿪ˡ
̰µ롣
ڽͣ͡
ϾʫƢŰ裬ܶѾˣԣһѡεĲ軰ᣬö֮رѡΪ˵һ
̶ûƲ
ǳǳһЦ΢
ɲ̶ʲôû
ȻûС̽°ͣ͵øҵҲǳصġ
һǴŹǣ΢΢һᡣ
ŹǵϢԣ
ǲݵζǲݵζޱȣѿӷŹǶһߡ
һۡ
үԣж
ĿΧʹһɫǶϽŭ
ǴŹﱻǲݣǲ¶ԣζ⣬һζҡ
˭ôӣȻıɱҪأ
ɱ
̺ɸϽعūȥһ˭ôĵӣϢŭ
뿴ļš
̶û£費Ҫ̫ҽ
ǲѣֱض̣˲ӡ
ûµģ̶ûôмơֻҪǲݳԽȥͲ⡣
⻰볹׷ģĿ̡
û¾ͺá
ǱˣпܾͱСˣʱǴŹǵĲԾʱֹ
е˵Ȼûи֡
Ȼ£ԲŹĵˣǿúò顣
ǿһУүв۵Ҫˡ
˭֪үļˣ˭ҵ
֣ϣΪǨŭ޹ˣҲԲıˡ
ڳµ˭
һʣɲ⡣
սսǵͷһԲֱһλѾ߻վɫ԰ף֪롣
վߣغ̶˸Ρ
ɣѾһѾߵͷĿһԲ
Ǿ棡
Ѿ߲ΡΡ˵ūٻݱ
µѾߣ
̱ѯʣס͵͵˵̶ˡ½ȥҺúϢ
еĹġ
̶һнɣ̶²ܾˡ
̾ĵůĹĶʵʵģ
ûµģ̶ҲȥϾȴĳˣ̶ģ
ֵµϣҪˣ
үȻ˼
Ǿ̶ġ
ظĳλ
ٻݱ·̧ͷ롣
ǲµġ
ſ̲ݻɱ⡣
Ȼ˸Ҹ¶Ҫˣ
Ȼū澣ūҲ֪󣬸ūʮӣū澶Ҹ¶ү
ٻݱսսβŲƺ顣
ֱٻݱ
ٻݱѣĿƮݣƮ˵ѵ֤ݡ
ȻĻԷڣҪǴȥĻүϺڣ
ЦЦ
ѾߣҰչأ˲֮ǰǵ㳢Ǹʱû⣬˲Ҳ˵ģҲֻп¶ġ
ټѹѹٻݱ
û˿ū¶Ҳū澣ū澿־֤үİ
Խ˵Խվ
ȻݵͬħͶݹȥ
ǱǵˣѾ߿ҩ۵ڲ棡
ôܣһū澣ūķ
ٻݱԽ˵Խί
빴𴽽ǣǲײĲᡣ
ƴ˵ʣ뿴˭£
һ߰ƴƴͶʮͷĲ
̵û뵽ֶΣԴ
ٻݱһͿʼƣҿǰ㵱ýõģôܹݺңǿҵӰô¶
ٻݱæ˼ͷ
ūû¡
ҲϽūҲĿٻݱҩ۵ǴŹһ㣬ǧȷūҲ˵ѣȻٻݱū澵ĺýãū澾Ҫף
΢ͷϲ
һףƣ߱˵ǧȷ
ƻŵصͷ
ٻݱץס̵䣬š
Цһ˦ͷ
װ߱˭ָʹģ
ūԩûб˿ū¶ֻһ˿ūҲ˵Ƽū澣ū澣
΢ȷ˵١ʱֱܷ


180    ȷ

˵˵
۲˵ÿһ飬һŹ
ֻܹҵͻƵ㡣
ȴûʱȥᣬ룬̶Ҳ֪¹ش󣬵˼С鶾û֮ǴŹǻǱ¶ΨһܹӴȵֻٻݱ
֮䡣
صͷȷˣ̶˵ĺܶԣ֤ҲС
ĸٻݱ
ҲǸϽͷ˵
үһū澶ˣ
ٻݱɫҲΪƵĻøӳ޷Ľ
һݵһɨٻݱֻܹܵ޶˵ѹ
Ķǡ
ҧŴ·ˡû뵽̻˹ϡ
ūµġ
Ͷ·ֻܹ֮ˣ
ūȴԼʲôңūǾòǣ˭ָʹū澵ġ
䣬ٻݱҧԾ
̱ʶԾ׼̺ȥֹȴû뵽Ķ֮󣬹ϵԾ
̫׳ҡ
֮ǻˣû
ʬڵϣǻѪҺʡ
ٻݱˣڳѾǿĶһ
Ըǿ飬úò飬˭͵үģҪ֪
ǿ̲ݻ뿪ȥ顣
ɫһףﲻ֪μƮƮɤѾΪ춨һС
֮ǰٻݱ˵ͬãڣƻ߱ٻݱ
ľˡݲȵλƺһжֻϡƽС顣
û뵽ĿǺ£ҿٻݱʬ塣
һ룬ᣬ·
ү̶ʲô˵϶Ρ
ūԩ
ƻֵ̿ţٻݱǰ֮ͰҲ
̶˵Ķԣƴȥúõ󣬱Ҫ֪𰸡
Ӻ󷽳֣Ҫ£һ£ﰵвá
ϽͷͷҲˣҪǱסԼСĬĬš
ūֻٻݱү֮˽⣬Բū澵Ļٻݱûнֻ˵ٻݱ֮ǰݣǰ£Ծͱ˳
亹ǻԼ
ū澶£һ֪
̧ͷ̣ܹеֿĹ⣬ֻ̫
һͺܼ١
̲ӣĶϣ˵ү⣬ƻʵԣүú顣
ϢƮɢĶϣ˼΢
ôĵӡΪū澣׼̧ͷֱӣأ㶼֪ϳȥȥѲһ֮ٽӴ
뵭һת˾
һ٣û뵽Լ֤⡣
ӣԼһӾͻ˰
ƻŵĿͷϣܹ
ջֻСλ߾۵׵Ĺâ
ŵĲ㣬
ظ̵һ裬̶ܾͣˣ
ûʲô£ֻҧԾѡ̴ݲȵغ衣治ɫ̶ԣѾֲˣүصġ
ǳǳƷ衣ܹܵһůӿԼ壬ͷβϴӹ衣
̾ƺǼ򵥵裬ǲǼ˲Σ
ᣬ˲ҩҡ߱ˣڽӳոպá
Ȼס֡
Ϊ̶һֱ䣬öಹ˲ҩ̫ң̶ԲԾ͡
⻰˵һ㡣ˮڵΪ˷ۻΪ⡣
̲ɸ̾үһ̶ֱôõĻ̶֪ôرүĺˡ
޿κεص˵ıӣ͸պƵܹԼ̶Ǳˡ
˵ĲΣҲϣ̶Ϊʲôֻϣ̶ƽ
̵ͷ뻹˽ɲǹŴŮӣʹĴԽǿ
ͬʱѧһ㡣
ƾеĹϵȶġðҲˡ
񣬵ͳԼĶߣ˵ú
̶ʲôʲôÿǲǿǷ
ֻ뿴Цգ㹻ˡ
ְԼĻܹܵůŪ̴ķ˿
£Σбڣû´ˡ
󣬿Ҳ֪Ƥӵ¶ۣǾԲĵģ


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182 ʼ

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183 ץ

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184 

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185 ͻȻ

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186 һȥ

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ܷܷŵ˿ͷ棬Ȼ˵ǿͷеһӦȫĸ֮¶ˣµŵʡ
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æҡҡͷ
ѡ·ˣѡĶʺģвϲĵ
ҪϸϸķԸѾ˵˼仰
ܷܷǰȵ˴ϡ
Ѿźϲ·
ҲĵΪѡʺСѾǡ


187 

ҹɫһ
ҹĻֹܹǧ貹â
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һ޹ģǵеռ顣
Ĵ࣬ãһжȫȫӵУ˵ദʱ⡣
дŲݾܾռ
˵һ˫ĴֱǰԼĻǺһĨЦ⡣
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ô£
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ƺͨѪûĲֻͬЩĻ޴֡


188 

ȵԵζʱ
ܷܷǻֹסᡣﷴĸԼⲻѪѪ
ԼеĻֲ̿źһ㡣
һԸιŰͬʱҲ˼
ֻǵĿŵĻΪʲôŵ˲˶ܷܷ
ѵһЩǳܷܷģ
˼ǧǧ򣬿ڻö֪Ρ
ᣬ·Ҳڹ˼ڸո˾š
֪ɷѯ֮ǰʲô֪֪ҪĻ˼ң
ҪǴ֣᲻һЩ
ܷܷæҡҡͷһŲ֪֪Լʱ򣬾˳
Ҳ֪ƽ
֪ҲҪ
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⼸ʱĺסһòãҵ֡
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ôŵ̵֣ѵüģҪúõĻһ
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̶ʵ̫Σˣڷȥúõıһ֣ӡ
ȴҡҡ֣Լ뷨
ڼǿ˾ĻҲ֣ôܹܷܷأǲ߳
ǳǳЦЦ¶ڱصõĹ
ܷܷȻЩ£úеԱסԼ档
Ҿ˵ЩеǼǿ䱸Ļ˵һӶҲˣһðһЩҲ׼һЩֵı
¶˹γصĹ⻪
ܷܷе
Ҳĵ˵ͷ׻˵ĺãͷնǲġ
ܹȥôܹ˳ҵĻֵĿҲԽߡ
ķԸȥֻΧѾҲ˸
ﻹһƽʱᱩ¶ݣʹϢƽѾģ˿Ҳκε
ҲֳһΪѵӡ
ķԸ̺ɣϢүﲻ˶֪̺ܷܷһܡ
Ȼԭ򻹲֪
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˵ܷʵϱ˺ãã֮С
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ܷܷ·Ҳмƻģûܵ˳ӿĵطԽԽϡ١
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һжֲ
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ҲǻһģͨʵҲܹѸٵʵϴģȻҿݶש˳Ƶ뿪
˵ļ򵥡
үѾһȺˡЩѵصĻ
ܷܷ·Ѿһ飬ֻҪ˳·Լĵصͺá
ɫûаԥ
ڸϽߣ̲ݻ
̵Լһ˻ᷢ⡣
Хͬ߻ܹС̯СĽк֮
ܷܷ
֮ǰѾڱԼǵģΪ˷ֹݾߣķԸԼԶһЩ
ܹܵӥһĹâڶݺݵĶ˰أǻıֳˣһʹӡ
ԼݼܺãһŮӵģֵ쾡¡
ҴߣƺҲЩ·Լĳ΢΢
ߵͬ棬ԵøΡ
֪Ǻãתͷʮ·תת߽һͬ
亹
һĨڵӰͻȻ
Һҡ
ܷܷǿԼ侲Ĵûеֻܹ
֮ǰѪŻҵˣĵ˼㣬ΪҾͻẦ𣿡
ļᶨ


189 ߳

û뵽˵ֱס
ҵû뵽ȻᷢѪʲôأҲֹ˽ڡ
ܷܷɫ쳣˵ǽ֮Ůû˵Ҳδܹ
ֻп־ĵ׽ӡ
˻ΪԼвĻЧǺǵЦˡ
Ҳûа취ģȻԩ޳𣬵㹻ӣ͸ǵ˲ǵˡ
յЦЦԼͳһѳԡ
ܷܷһڻûе
֮ڶ
ߵǰṦϢȻһźɫӰΧס
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û뵽ǻֱ¡
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̳µĿϸĴһֻͨĲͨĺɫ·ûκε
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û뵽ȻǸ֣㻹ǿ𡣡
˴˱˴ˡû뵽Ȼݹ٣Ϊ˱
˼ĵ˵ͷ
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ҲֻһҺԿҲĴһԼܵĿԶܵͣ˵ܷܷˡ
ǲܷܷʡ
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ȻĹû˵ľտǲĶ
ҽҲǵбֶΡ
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û뵽мʽĽ֮ȻռϷ磬ȴûκε·磬ʱñܷܷ
ܷܷϸֳŨصĻøӼ򵥰ɡ
ʲôæﲻϡ
뵽ӵĽšֻܹԼȣҪϺȡ
ں֮䣬ҲǸ˹
书񣬽ֻһĹ䣬ֹ˵Ĺ

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֣ͨĴֲѣϸĸܸе·
΢
ⲻǶе·巨𣿾˵еľµġûС
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Ļ鷳ˡ
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һ߸ϵĻǾ˵øƽ͵ûصˡ
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үõıϡ
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ϽصУһϣͬһƲһϽˡ
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ϹҪץ˵Ͽ϶ʲôѱ
ԽҪǶԾԽǵñĸá
ܷܷ鲻ԸǲԼʲô˲õ顣
ЩΡ
ʲô鶼ûҲ֪ôͿˡ
ܹܵԼԽԽǣﰵ˲
ԼߵѾҲµĽϴ
ڵЩ˶ǻѡģҪôвӣҪô书
ŵװ׵ġ
ܷܷĸΣûκεĵֿ
ǻϵּ⡣


190 

ʱҲǴһʥּ
ĺϣܷܷջصƽ
ǷǳʱҲӣûжҳߣΥӵ׷һ
ܷܷ˵׻Ǹмϵһٶġ
ֻԵøӲᣬʵĳ˵鷳ˣô嶯Ļ¶ᾭô顣
һԵĻѾҡ
ܷܷԼûκεɣû취顣
Ŀʧֵľͷһ
Ļûеô򵥣ǣϹĻ¾͸ˡ
ǵƤӵ£ȻжϹˡ
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ĺһ
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ڳ͢˵Ŀų̶˵Ӧûô׽
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˵⡣
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ĻֱһɱҪôܷܷҪôֱӵĴɱ
ܹе顣
αѵţʲôò
Լ°ͣϸ˼ţҲں棬ʲôԭô
ô˼ûд𰸡
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ϾҲỳɸһ˵̡
Ը԰ĻҲûбҪѪͬһ档
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ȥĻҲܹ𽥵СɵķΧ
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֮͢û˺ͶѾһг֮ء
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ȴʮԵظţЩ˵ʵڻֲǡ֮ǰɱʬ嶼һ飬Ƕʿǰǿܵĺúõģһ첻Ի嶾صҩҲ
û뵽˻ôݣȻ˶񶾵ķʿ
̶ҲǶ˵ʱ̫ˣǽɶˣҲ֪ߵغˡ
̫䣬ûκεůȻ֪֮ǰĺ˵ʵԶǿ֮ϣӺ
ڳ
ûʵֹǰˣ̫ˡ
ǿͷү𷣡
ȥúúøѱǵĹ׼
˾㵣û뵽ˣ˷ܵصͷǳͷϣǿɳ
˶Щꡣ
ǵĹҲүʧ˰ͬʱš
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췣뿪̲֮̾үҲһģֻ벻ͨĪаͻȻܷܷʲôá
ûףĪаӦúܷܷҲûʲôڣô˰ɱˡ
ĿƽĻҲûбҪֶ˺
ܷܷƽ飬ɱóԽɿ
һ󵨵뷨˳Ρ
ү˵᲻˹߼޻ĪаĲ˵ĻֿҪ֮ˡ
ġ
ĻǶģǼλӣ
º͵ظںڵĳһ˲䣬̵ۣ͡
˵ĺȥܵļ֮ˮʯ
ɣĻشܡ
·ûôˡ


191 

Ҳûеô򵥣ͻ˾š
ܷܷȻѾصƽұϼӿܡ
ϾҪˣκεʧ
ǲڣܷܷһЩǡ
յİʱЩ档
һԲֻǾϹؾİѶ˹
̶ʱҲ֪˵ЩʲôֻǰѰ𿪣֮£žӨ⻬ˮɢǳǳĹԣԵøµš
ǣЩ֡
ܷܷʱǱƽĻ˵ĹĶӦôȵźš
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ԵЩΣϸĴһˮƷʺܺãûκεʡ
ǣ
һ˹ܹ⻪ӳ֮£̸貵ա
Ҳ֪ܷܷЩĹΪʲôͶҲǻеˣҲҾʲô顣
ţܷܷЩԭġ
ŪķңĿϸĴ飬ҲûзκεĲء
ˮҡҷŹ⻪
ҲͻƿڣֻðյһԡĿǳǳͶ˹ȥһԣŵͼᡣ
ǣ
˸źĹâ
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үǲԸ̶֪Щ
ԵЩν
ôΪ
Ĺ⻪ɢܹĴķ˿ѡ
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ԽԽӲʣǿ֮ѪӿɫҲˡ
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ЩҩĿ¶ңǰѵһľػº䣬ұɽѩĻҲ֪ôȥѰҡ
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ĻЩҩĲõĻǿѰƵģɽѩҩĵĺģҩӣʧ
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Ǻ
һҪɽѩҽ˾տǷܹķأ
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޿κε̾һѰҳõķˣķҩЧдۿۣҰ״ȻȶǣϿ⸱ҩĻ»ܵɡ
̱ſҩһУʧȥ˱ɽѩĻһоͻṦһ񣬻пܶԹٵӰ졣
ڳһΪѵı飬Ҳ֪δ
ҿԱ֤һὫʧٵ٣һҪȡɽѩĻ
ԵЩᣬҧź촽Ҳ֪δ
ʹǰߡϣԼĸ繫ܹӵкߡ
ϾӦǹҵļ̳ˡ
ĬĬš
û뵽һĨͻأĳ
ȻǵҪɽѩġ


192 ҵļ̳

峺д΢Ϣ
üͷһֵܹһĨӰ
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ҲԵú⣬û뵽ܻ
֮ǰ˵ҪȥˣһֱôֻˣҶң
û뵽һʴ󷽵ĹҲͻȻǵ
ĸ˸ĳȻĿ̡
˼˲Ȼ
̤Ьٴȫѹ
֮ǰͨɵȷ̾Ҫҵˡ
һ棬Ȼ鴫
ȻĿЩ⣬Ƿܹһ˫ľ˵֮һѤá

п϶뷨ûκεɶ
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ĪϤС
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΢˸żᶨĹâɽѩõףжٶҪһʺš
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ԣǹļ̳ˣʹҪȥɡ
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ûʲô⡣
ţƽⶾ裬һһξͺˣȳŵӣȹʱٿ״Ρ
ÿ̸רҵʱ֮ǰ΢ɢĿѾɢŨࡣ
ĵ˵ͷĿԥˣϸϸĴһûҩ裬ΪΪЩзġ
ӣʮֵĸмҽ߳ĻҶܿһˡ
̳չ¶һ΢Ц
СiҲһΪ͹
ܹ˳ΪùҵĻܹõĽһ˵󣡡
ǳǳһЦ·ڿ佱СiҲ·ͬ˵Ļ
ǿʼ棬СiܹôĽ
ң۵װ׵֢״ִʱûпʵĲںò׿ʵ
ʵøӾҡ
ҽβ׷󣬲ɽӡ
絭Ĵš
֣µŰӡ
ȴְѻع鵽ص㣺֮ǰ˵Ҫʲô飿
òϣ崺磬ǡôᣬȷЧ֮ľ롣
Ҳں棬ʲô¶ӡ


193 ж

ձöȻ΢
ܱ˵ЩʲôڼȻ
һ֪Լʵݡ
ݣԤʾŸʹࡣ
Ӽ򵥵Ҳͦõģֺαͽأ
ûзɫϵı仯ܹƷζϵѾȻ֮ͬǰļᶨѾʧ
ڣ̶ϸĴһѵǺйϵ𣿡
Ȼ֪Ϊʲô̬ȷԼı仯
˵ȻǲⳡΣǺʮּԵĸ̨¡
ȻҲܹܵõů
ĵ˵ͷ
֮ǰһ֪зô飬ҲرõĲΣ
ü֮аĥ͸Ľ
̳׾ٵչ¶΢ЦʮֵƽͣҲҪôģһжҵļƻ֮УֻҪƳ˳Ļ˵Ĳ̶ܹӭжġ
ĳŵ
˼һ
Ļٺòˡ
һԵ˵ͷɻĿ⣬µơ
ʵҲӦõһ£ԼⲡѾ裬ҪĻҲǵúķһӣߺúò飬˭ô˼
Щ顣
ȴҲԼбҪһ
ܸмͬ
ȷˣֻŲҲҪһ򡣡
һⶾǱģܹ̽ΨһĽʽòˮ⡣
Ҳ£ⶾӦǲڹЯĶ棬߷棬ˮݣ쳣ı仯һһɽζĻ˵д
˵Щ֮еļȼյʢ
峺֮еžĹ⻪
ĳ΢崺һ㡣
ܵϡǰ˵ȥǰԼЯȫһס
ȻڲˮĽ֮£Яĵıɫ
Ӧǰ覣һȦһȦĺɫԲ룬һȦ
ɫһ䡣
̶Ļ̶ܲһ̵Щ棬ܹĽӴصĻҲһʹҩġ
СһЩҵ㴥ĻҲᱻǣġ

ĵ˵ͷʾԼȻЩ
ȵһɽζ׵ɢ֮ǰͨ͸İѾȾڵɫĹ졣
ŭɼȻڷŭԼİ񱻻ٳߣȻ֪Լ¶
ĿתԼͳ͸ҽףԼϣӲˮа˳
ͨڣðŹĺɫ壬ȴûиʴס
ⶾصĸʴԺǿ˵ĻŶصĻӦûѡԵø⣬һ̸ͨģǵĻǴⶾأ
ϸĴţȴʼյò𰸣ƺʱһ䡣
һʱҲ֪Ӧԣ˵ĺܶԡ
ҲûҵﲻԾ
̹۲ĿȴûκεԥֹͣԥܹðĺɫҺ塣
ùһԵİ豭Һ
ĵĵȴţҺ岢ûʳֻܶ࣬ʮεӡ
ЩҺƺûŨصĸʴҲûκεζֻɫɫĶѡ
ѯʵǷʲôˣ
Щδţδġ
ĲԼԼĳΡ
΢üͷ¶һģ
ʱõһ
ֻĶص⣬ģ˸Ӵš
ҲĻҵðЩȥ
˵ĶָЩҺ壬һѾڵ塣
ûκεķܣҰ͵үԱʾԼء
ҵ˸ɵйѣܹԱ˱ϥ˵ͻؼҡ
˿ŹרǺŵͣүʱ򣬶һ
ųǴûм
Ƕھ顣
ȴԵôݲȣС˸׼
һתȴֱӵĴһůĻ֮С
Щ΢̶ôһģ
̶ȥ첡ȻżȻģѾˡ
̾һΪٶԵЩΡ
Ϊ˿ЩƲ֡
Ϊʲô̶˭أ
ζ
ɻظĴҲ档
Ϊ̶ʹϾһλҽߣҽġ
ҫĹ⻪һء


194 ̽

峺Ĺâкһ׵ҹĻ֮У貵ĵ׺ţû˻ỳ˵ƽ͡
ȴûκεĲ
ĿԼոȡĺɫҺ֮ϡ
Щġ
ȻЩĶСiṩģͨоܹ֣ɫҺ֮ŶֶҺֱܹģѪٻܽزݡ
ֶﶼΪº͵Ķݷ˵Ѫ֮УֻһһĽʵѪҺɣѲС
ֱ˵ٳ׵𻵡
ϢǶʮ־ˡ
̸һû뵽Ϊؼһֶҩڻûо
ƿ
һ֮࣬ȴȼճ˷ܵĹâڸڴⶾؾʲô
ʵš
СiҲһЩ档
ʣĶӦеģĿǰϵͳֻܹһֶҩԶöֻ֪ܹԼˡ
ȴԼ뷨
˳ҽκ˹ɵĻϵͳӦٰܹЩɣ
СiĻظ
ӦǿԵģϵͳصĹǻִҽ䡣ŴĿѧΪЩȻ޷ͺţ޷¼ϵͳ档
ڣϵͳҲҪճˡ
ȴЩСiǹڹ飬ںϵͳ
СiܹģεЦЦ
ǧҪô룬һжǺۣܹ˳Ļǿ˸˳ȥ𣿡
⻰һһжΪζ档
ҲûбҪڴ˶ᡣ
ɵĲ״һһĺתľҲһһӣʱϵͳҲˮɵ顣
ԴԵò⣬Ҳ̫ż
罥ķ̰ЩɫҺСİڷŵһߣԼעԼĻױƷϡ
Ƴһ޶ģܹκȡġƱ
ںЩִӦеģֻǸһʽѡ
ʲôǹŴûеģأ
ǳǳ˼ţϸһŷ֣һѱ˵õǾǾ
ȡĿƼŴһУҾܹȡȡҲֲľ
ִķԾչܹ˳ĺϳرء
ֻЩȡСiʱ
ƲƲ죬Ǻҵ׼档
Ƴ³£ǴŸʽĻױˮ˵ӣȡģҺΪ̾ȵһϯ֮ء
ڵ̵Ĺ˿ıкҡ
ӵҵƱǵ˷С
Ͼô꣬ûӮƺƵ
˶ġ
ȻȻ˶
̺ƽʱһڵһ߰˻ױϸĵĸʹͿں졣
ȴû룬Ⱥдһ
쿴쿴ڵ«Ҳںˣҿںһļ۸أ
רעԼĲҵߣȻŵеͶ˵ƷƣҲи߶˵Ʒߣǹ˼ÿһƷзɱԾǿںҲҪӡ
Ե«̵ĿںԼʮǮļ۸۵ʱ򣬲˺䶯
ںֶɫ࣬һҪӣһֻҪʮǮӦȥں죬⻹
ٵĹ˿˲Ϊļ۸ĶȥһԵ«̡
˶Ǵڵġ
Թۣͻ֣Ҳ֪˽
Ҳеһٵ˶Ϊȥһҵꡣ
Ƹżʳ¯Сģʱǿһ档
ʲô
֮ǰֵĵ̣ѵõƽٵĹ˿֮ͬһӿ˸ڵ«̡
ʣĹ˿ǶǸҲƲǼӵĿں죬Լעʳ¯Һ
кЩ˿֮󣬲εҡҡͷ
ҵĿںǱȥˣ˲Ʒ˼ҵĿں죬ͷ
ԵΡ
ưԼĵķŵһߡЩǵģ΢΢ҡҡͷ
Ҳ֪ô졣
Ŵûִ֪ʶȨ˶֪˵Ŀںһģһô죿
ԵȻⲢᶯҡԼĸʱںӪӪĴ
ͷһߣ̿˱Ǯ
ε̾Ϣһ
մ˳ɸһžܹ̾Ϣģ


195 е鷳

ڵĳ֮ǰĲ̫
ǵ֮ǰһӦǷƽ˿׷ûױƷģ
ôӳֻĹ˿ͣ
ˡΪʱ̵ⲻ̫ã֮ǰء
Ƴ˸
벻Ϊĳ˵ͷᳵ·ߵߡ
̶ô˵ĳüչѵΪʱⲻ̫ã
ǲ̹͵ġ
ԣСǮ㲻ʲô
ǲǡֻǸڵ«ƳƷĿں죬ģҵģɼ۸ҵ̫ࡣ
ס֡ԸĻֱӾͿ԰Ѷ«̸һˣôģ
֮лЩ䡣
ĸоı仯΢΢ҡͷȥϸĴһѹסҵĴ֡
ƺھ档
ǿʤȻҪȻҪõģԲϣ֮Ķֲƽķʽ
ڹĲ⣬شٵ˵Ȼ˵Ļ̶뿴ڵ«̣ʲôıܹĿں졣үȥһ
ƻЦЦԣͬһ㻬ġ
ǳǳ¶˼ЦݣһԿҲǺ棬ɴδȥֳء
һһֻں⼸ʮǮĿںɲȥĻ»Цɡ
ôģ̧ܹĿ⡣
һʱеĺ棬Ѿɢ
ƴľԼӦóôĹ
ĵ˵ͷԴ˵ûʲô뷨Ȼδһȥ«̡
ǺҲûʲô⡣
ҲԵЩ档
ϾҲ֪«Щں죬ԼоĿںжٵı仯
ĵɢ˼ů⣬ӵֱ«̵ʱ򣬲ٵŮ۾
Ļϲ
һȥƹԵʮֵĻ̿֡
үãҪʲô𣿡
ƹһʱ֮䶼֪˵ʲôܹ²⣬һжΪ̹ġ
ѵҪҳ
ĬĬţûκεİ취ϾȣһģһĿںĻегᱻһ˳а
Բò
ָŰڷڵǰĿں졣
Щһһ
ҲûôƣİƱһԡ
ƹû뵽ǹںģµİеĿں춼װá

˳õ˿ں֮󣬶˵ߡ
ͷβĿⶼûƬ̵ƣֻ֮ӣ˸ŮİĿ⡣
ɫ䣬ǲŮǵһ顣
»ص˵֮С
һԼƷζһֱˣݸһЦ
ô
ǲЩģƵģֻܹѸոװõĿں죬µĲ𿪣һһ˵ǰ
ΪҲеŵɫĲûʲô
ƹҲǼĵģҲ˱仯
̱Ϊ«ĿںձƣԼĿںûκε
ʵϲ̫һںĸĽǸ˴ľǡ
ڸϣȻڼ۸ԭ򣬷ĵ
ҲܹܵĴ¡
Ҫͨģ£̻ǾȽϺôЩ¡
ҪִĻ»⡣
ϾһںҲûİѿں¢ˣƷ
ҪĽƽϵĻ»ҵŭ
ľֻǽںһֻͿĨԼ촽֮ϣûճỬ
ɸɵģ̫
֮ͭеԼӦõɫĿںͿԼĴϣɫ֮
ǿںá
ҲܺͿĨԼĶɳɫ޷Ե㾫ζ
ںɴˡ̶ֳֻȵĻǲΪ塣
ԵȺͬ
̸עƷʺĵϹ˿ӦûᱻĿںζں۷
ңֻǮʮǮںȻҲƲ̵Ŀںġ
úǳЦӯӯ
ǵĵ̺ǵĵ̵ȺȫͬҲûʲôϵ
Ͼڵ棬˵ľǿںˣξǾ͡
׵ס֣ΪΪ˴ε뷨ܴ졣
ڿˬʵЦݣҲǸ˴ǡ


196 渵

Դ֮ҵĵ̾ˮˮȻš
̶ԴԵò⡣
̺ȴЩ۾ɵôģʱפ«ľ󣬲ɵķ
Ǽǵ֮ǰƹĺ˵Ļǰ֮ǰͬصޡ
ôܹԴУ
Ȼɫƽûʲô
ĥ͸
ǳǳ̧ͷĴ̺ɣüͷɰģЦЦ
ô£
̺ɲɵıԹ˵ū⻹Ϊˡū澶죬ȥĻڵĵǵ⣬
Ȼʱ䣬û̫ı仯ǺͶĺȣȱʲô
һ޿κεĵ˵ı
öһЩۣȻĻ̫ʵס
ңĶթ
ʵҲûʲôҪǵĵ̶λ߶ˣ۸񲻷ƣһѰҲʹòġ
˵ĺ̺һͷ˵ĺܶԡ
ǣʲôأ
ȻһӣºͣǳķΣߵһԵĵſڡ
«ݱĿţһԵƹ񿴵ߵĿԵЩȡ
Ȼ֪ķԷ
˭ںأܹ׬ʵϵӲҪ顣
ǳǳЦЦǳһԵƹġ
ͬʱҲڽƹ֮ǰҲ֪ƹ˼ϸ壬ȻĻ顣
ڹνǲȻòɫû㣬һɷϳС
ͷƹ¶һĨǳ΢ЦȻ¶֪̺ɣ鲻ԽĻ
ǲ֪ǶԱԣһεıǡôΪǵĵ̷ˡ
͡
̺ɸղŻȻĵ˵ͷ
ԭӣһεľָպðɨϰֻϲ򵥵֬ˮ۵Ĺ˿Ȼᣬǵĵ档Ҳ˲Ҫľȫĵȥڡ
֮ǰҲеū澶ԴеĹ˿ͶҪһͬʣȡÿһλ˿õķ顣
ԺܶƶߵҲ
̺ɴûƲǣǲǮܹȥЩں죬ƽ׵˷˾
һ˲ȻôۣҲֻܹõˡ
̵ţ֮˸ǵĹâ
Ȼ̵ӪҵΪСı䡣̺ɾ͸оȥæˡ
̳¶һĨǳȻЦݣҲǷʱ︡˲١
̺֮һֻΪףһεľֲԵʵϵӰ졣
ǵôȻҪġ
̺һϻǺʡµģǳǳһ˾ͷԼĹ֮С
Ķˣȴٳû
СiʱûҲûӦܹæ
ͼùŴĿѧʼݱֲ֮еľҺ塣
֮ǹˡ
ЩǷÿ춼ڵæת
Ҳÿ춼ᰴʱǹʮʳС
ѸʱµİеĹ˿ͷ׷פ㡣
Ǵº͵Ĳˮҩ
̧üͷΪ롣
үǰôҩˣ
ǿÿ춼ģϾҪķѲٵʱ;û뵽̬Ҳܼ
Ϭ
һ̶ӳô죿
һ˵š
ֱ̼Щ˸ۡ˵ȴ˼ιһҩ
Щҩ̲º͡ѯʹ̫ҽõ˿϶Ĵ֮Ÿ⿡
ҩүǷˡ
ҲɵһھܹƷζЩҩȫ̲ġ
Һ״ǡ
չ¶һĨ΢ЦԵø㣬ʺġ
򵥵΢ЦͷĿѣ
̰ҩӷŵһߣյٹ˿ĽĿ⣬ѾϰΪˡ
ģû˭֪¿ĻױƷʲô
ŴŮ̵ֽ˶֮١
Ͳһˣ⣬鿡ʣٵŮġ
Ȼݺ֮
ҲǷ׷׵Ŀɪò
һڽһڵιͣʱʱĵͷİ
ڰҩ֮Сùϸϸİǵණɾ
̺һ۾ʾû˭뵽ڸиүȻôأ


197 ֮

ݱоûлõʱ䡣
˳зˣר«Ȼ˲ٵճбøá
ʱӦĶȹˣҲֵܹϸз
ĵĻεş̌ͷܹˡ
«̵ƹ֮еǳǳķ绪˶Ե
ǳǳЦЦ˾ˡ
ãܹҿȻ鴫һգĽѡ
ƹϸĴһģȴֱͨͨš
ǿԼ
ǳǳĽĿͶ
²ûô򵥣Ǻϸѯʵ֪ƹͻȻݷãν°֮ǰ«̸ոտŵʱ򣬱һֱûǮȥǱǸ
ƹȻһѵ˵ʣüĿ΢Цɱֲ䡣
һЩ㣬Ŵδ߶һǰҲĴߵʵζЦء
ϥģκεĵ⣬Ǻ澿ʲô顣
Ϊʲôô֣
ģû˽ɻ
ƹʱЩΣ⸱ģûнԼһ⣬Ҳûоܾ
ֻܹӰһԵʳиµϸĹţǱҿһɲǣһƢķӿ
΢΢ţǿе
ԭӱֻøľˡ
̴ǺһĨ΢ЦȻΪʲô
ǲͻأķĺ⣬ҲǴݲȵİ
ǳ⸱ģɫ΢һ£Լߵ鷢
Ө͸֮У˸Щĳ˿ͺ
ֿƵģϲĻʵԺ󻹿Զһ
˼ĵ˵ͷ˵ˣܹܾܲɡ
ֻܹһ顣
Ƥִ࣬ʵں䡣
ܺóԡ
ԼĿ佱ҶԴ˵ζҲ˵һ뷨
ƹһģҲǳЦЦ
ûжᡣ
ﻹЩ飬ȥæˡ
˵⻰֮뿪ˡ
Ŀ뿪ģ˴ǣϸϸƷζֱ
̺һ㿴ЩȻǰƹ˼С
Ͳⶫʲôū澶ûԶء
˵ЩãȻ޴롣
νİ˰֡
ôȻᶯС˼ġ
Ͼڿںĸﴴ£ԲôɵȻλεӱ˶
ӱζ
һʱĹ߶ֻÿ̵̻ĻصԼĵк
żм˿͹γĶԱȡ
Եȷƹֻ򵥵ļĻǸ߹ƹˡ
ֻƹʵǰԼĹ𻨾ƣյܽظҲ˾Բ
һ˫֣Ľѡ
ֻյƺ̫æƹŪһ鷢µĴ
֮дЩã
ʱЩʲôȻûӹ۾ҲûбԼӡ
ʲôзʲôһվɣΪĵڡ
ͬҲԼĻᡣ
ֲֳֻģ΢
һк񶼲ԣѵͲģȴѧЩ֮͵ʦѧգ
˵⻰Եò̫˼޷ȴ
ֻܹǿԼֳ򶨵ģ
ӭĻﰵԳԼ
û뵽̧ͷȴֻݸһЦ
˵ʵڻıӦ÷ƹģΪģ˱Ŀں촴⣬ҲûôɵƳ³£ԱǸˡ᷸ɵ
˵ĺ
ƹһһ׵ģͬһĻŪˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷĿϸš
̶ԣô̹ϣҪ¶ֵĻ
ǹⲻȥġ
ȴ֪룬һԵɵķŵϣ΢Цչ¶
ֻǵЩ޷У˵Ļľ档
˾жһѭ
ִױƷôԼںҲֻ˰ٻţҵܹ١
̸¶ֻ֣Լ֧Ųסһս
裬ѾȲˡ


198 ¶

ŵŵ㡣
ƹæ뿪ԼĿ⣬ٿƵ۹⡣
ƺںİԼĿƵһԵ޹֮УζϢڵţɢš
̿ЩεģҲûж˵ֻ˾ͱƽģԼһС
ڲݱзβþ൱ճĴУֲ壬ε⡣
ƹ֪ЩԺﷴصʫľ档
ȻмˢӵĻô취̵ĵ̻˵ĻҲʲô°ɡ
ʫ˵ĺǽ߿Ŀֻò
ûκοܵء
ʫһĵĻͿȥˡ
ûܹϴԩ
ʫݵλֻ϶ѡ
ƲֵģȴûκεĽʽ
ֻܹ
ȱһܹĹھ˲ٵĸߵ㣬ĻһһĽӽ
ںΪѣ̴
һƬ֮޷ԣһλŮӣѵеѪҪ֮һ
ĬĬţȴ֪κεĽʽ
ŵùҵùʫѾĴߴˣ¶еĻƷױƷȫȻ֮һ
Ŀ֮¶ı
ʫ
ļˣΪ̶ʫ
Ǻģҡҡͷ
ƺԼо֮Уûз쳣һȴΪȽֱš
ֵķʽܼ򵥣ֻҪ׼뿪ʰЩʳеʱЩ͸״ķĩЩԭͰ档
ƹʱڴפ㣬ҲǷзױƷױƷһʡ
ױƷǰԭҺ׼ãֻҪԭҺȾ˵Ļ
ȻбȾĹ˿ơ
Щ飬Щ鲻̸
ƹĬĬĲһ䣬иյĻ
̳¶һ΢Ц˵ͷ֮ͷɡ
ͷһԲ
⸱ģĲ̣ҧʳжʰõʱ򣬰͸״ķĩȥ
Լ䣬Ϊ˭ᷢԼ⸱ٶֱһ˫׵С־ֹס䡣
̳¶һȻ΢Ц
̾һ·Ǻɸ֡
ǲġʱԱģȻǲˡԶһûѵ͡
Եһ죬ƹˣЩɣλûгá
ΪʱʱƮߣӡ֤
ԣ͵ƹֵһ죬ƺҲûȴá
һĺܿ硣
̳ĳ㲻ĻȻܹӻġȻѡһ·ĻȻӦóܳͷ
ϲٰ鷳ˣһֶֻܹ
ʱ䶼û˷˵ʫ
ƹ֪һУɫڱҲԣĻԴС
ҡ
Ŷһ˫۾Ŵһ仰û˵
֪ν͡
⸱ģƵҡҡͷʵģ㱾Ӧ֪
û֪ģլʺзĹ̸ҿĲŻ
Խ˵ԽԼ·ߡ
ʫûиѡĻᡣ
ܹڡ
ȴûټ߶߶ȥֻԼĴǣ¶һǳǳ΢Ц
ЦݺĮ֮ǰȻͬ
֪˵ʲôĮĴʫôвˣüòƸڵݵλ
Դ˹УҲûôʥĸ˼Ĳ̵һ޹صˡ
ȻƹĲŻЩŻô˵طĴ⣬Ȼĸﴴ¹Ǻܶණڸǲˡ
·ǰЩᶼǼ
ƹҡҡ׹Ӧ֪ģһжѡ¶һɲɢˡ
ԭģΪһжԼѡԼӦ֪ôһ죬㲻䡣

ƹ֪Լ·ˣæ޴롣
û뵽̻ôĲ鵽Ļʫ
ٶȵǨŭĻӦô죿
ƹ֮ᡣ
ȴֳһνģھĿҲԸʩ֡
֪գαص
Ѿôˣ֪
Խգһжҵġ
ЦЦ·ڳĲǿп޵Ұġ
Ĵģ˵Ĳ⡣
·ӡ


199 

Ĵ
ƹûκεֻΪĿ⡣
̲׵ԴСʫ۸ˣٻɫĻ־ԼǺ۸Ľɫ
߰ɡ
̵ᣬ·𼴽š
ƹ⸱ģɫ쳣׾ʲô飿
Ҫȥ
ڼҶ˵һСģ̾ͻ鷳
ɫûκεı仯
֪ξˡ
ǳǳЦЦ֮еļ
ѵƹھͲҸҵ𣿼Ȼ㶼ˣúùȥɣʫȻвĻǳ뿴ûı¡
Ȼ۸
ʫѧһôģ¶飬Ҳᱻ׾ٵľͱˡ
ƹɫ쳣䣬һ仰˵
ȥĻʫ϶Ҫ鷳
ʲô߾Ͳˡ
ڽѡ
ûиκټĻᡣ
̺ɣȻƹԸȥһĻͰŹȥɣϾƹ̼ܲ
͡
̺һԵ˵ͷ
ƹɫ˲һ䣬һ仰˵
ֱ̺ܴӰΧҲ̵ˣӲȥ
̸Լһױ֮ǷԸ
ҹɫ΢
̹һۣԸҴϲᰴʱү߸롣
ĳʲôĻһűܵء
Ĵţȴκε⡣
ʫ֪ͻȻݷϢʱɫЩ΢
ѵҵļƻˣ
ֲ̿ţһʱ֮Ҳ֪Ǻãѡ
ڻ洦Ź񣬲ûлظظ֪ЩĻ
ֱ롣
Ҳôֱ࣬ӵ˴ҲԸͿˣɫԲ԰׵ʫ
£¹š
ʫһѾ
ңʫĿǳǳӵƹǰʱԵøѿ
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ηĶۡ
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ѵ㲻ʶ𣿡
ࡣ
ʫηԼļĿҵƮ˹ȥ
ԥĿ⣬ȻʵԼ뷨Բ֤ݡ
ȴڴʱ뷨Ҳܼ򵥣Ѿ¶ҲµԼʫ
Ѿߵһ·̹һ㡣
̻ܹסҵţܹܵǰ䵭硣
ʫġ
ʫɱĶˡ
޿κε̾һ֪ô
õĽʽҧʡ
ٶ̧ͷʱƹĿĽͬһƵȼţ˵ĺ
ȻһУ˵Ļ˵ĻȻھӦ̹һ㣬Ͼһжǿġ
øӵ͡
ֻ֪·һ
ĿѾ
ʫȴڳһ¶޴ģ
֪Ǿ˵Щʲô飬ܵĹһݺ
ĺ˼תԼעƷζһڲ衣
ȻңȻҲǷֱģˣѾˡ
ϾҲùⲻȥ
̧ͷȥλεĹâ̵ʫͷĿѣ
Ӧóһ
ʡ
ƫ˵κλΣóһ㣬̵ȷֶԣھƫ
ݺݵضƹ
ΪƹĻڿ϶úõģƲ֡
Իڣʶ㡣
ʫϵغܿ졣
ǳǳһЦƹȴһ˦֮Уһƿҩ۾ͱ˦ˡ
֤ݣóʹҽȻҲֱܹġεس¶һεЦݣڣ·ˣȶҩԲܹ㵽ֵġ
˵ĺֱӣʫء
ʫüͷ׼˼ôʱȴû뵽ػˡ
ƣΪĪľƶԵøĿ⡣һԲʫ
ô£
û뵽̻Լš


200 Ͷ

ʫҵشͷĿճյء
ƺھᣬͬʱҲ̽
Ĳأس̵Ļ˭Ƿǡ
ԡصĿݼŵʱһ
Ȼ֪صʵ뷨
ڸʲô
ŭ
ֱ̾ضĿ⣬η塣
Ȼʦġ֪ݺ̶ҾȻ̶ĻױƷ¶Ŀѵү׼ɵĹ
΢Цţ˵ĺܼ򵥡
үҲӦ֪һͬʡ̶ǲ׵طŹġ
ʫЦһƹģҩ˭֪ǲݺҹȥģ
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ת׼뿪
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Сɵͬһߡܹ뾫İ׸롣
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ڣôһ¡
ʺϣ˰飬úõĲ飡
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͡
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˵楷Ҫæ飬ɻʺ̬ȼذٺ»ʫգдŮ¡һٱ顣
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û취Ҳ·ˡ
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紵磬֣Ӻī
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ͨ׶ңҲϴεĽѵšݸĿϸϸضգȷÿһζҩĶֿɵõ֮󣬲żĿʼд
֪Լڱ༭Ŀ
ֱдʮֽСi˸߲ҡ
ϲˣõ㹻ľֵڿʼϵͳ
˵仰ܹžصû˵ĻΪϵͳˡ
εεΣϵͳѾѾȡܣѾĿ⹦ܣԺʲôģĿѯŶ


201 Ȱο


¡
ŭɼû뵽ʱ䣬ʫλԼĺ¡
档
ʫһʱ䲻֪˵ЩʲôҲ֪ΪʱԼεıץס˰ѱ
ŵȴûԼʧ߶̡
ĻԼһʧ
ȴûôֺ࣬αˣ
ʫܵôίԣڵһжǶĪķ̡
üͷһͷʫʾء
ʮֵĿС
û̵ĵ̼޼ɵķչȥĻĺ

ضʱ䲻֪ȥ˵Щʲô
ԣһжִԲ
ֺαˣ
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ûʲôҿչȥĻĵ̷չͷûκܹȰ衣
һҶѾȻȻˣŻᰵиʽƹĵǿ
̵ĵ̴ﵽ˷ͥľ硣
ԶԶ
ʫӵĲ
ʲô׵ĻӦ֪̾жôҪ
׵ı࣬Ȼڻʺ˽գܹţڸУǾԵŮˡ
üͷζĻǲǾùһ㣿
˵Щʲô
˵ļʣڰʵǰҲ޷ţĶ̰İ鶼ûС
侲һòãҵֻ㡣
ʫȴЩ
ֻҵĻ֮ǰڻʺҵʱӦñңԴС
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Ӧʲô֪ҲӦʲô֪
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֪ȥģʫ϶ȥӣةҵҲûаϵ
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ȴƴҪץסһεĻᣬ֪ûа취
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صͳߣҲٴηſҵġҲٴηſ㣬֪֮ǰܶԲ顣
ĿУĻæʡ
ʫƺΪĻЩɶĵ˵ͷ
ȴġ
ĻҺһĻҾͻԭ
ĬĬš
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ץס֣ġ
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ĸʫΪЩĺ󱳺ͼ
ʫоԼеıӵˡ
ǻ
ࡣ
˵ķ˿һ
ʫչ¶һΪǵ΢Ц
Ļ֮ǰһжҴˣ
Ц˵嵭ɰ
һѾͦõˣܹ侲һĻϲʫ
ĬĬ롣
ʫ΢΢ĳ
ȻĻ֮󣬽չȥҲ뿪һ֬ˮ۵ĵ̣ССҪӦò֣
رҪܾġ
ʫ뷨˳ɾǳȥġ
˿Ļֻᱻ⡣
ʱҪȶ
˼ȥֻĵ˵ͷ
֮Ҷ㴦õġ
ͣ·֮ǰĲǼ
ʫ۵ĵ˵ͷ
Ļٺò
Ҳûл˶õʱ䣬ʫ˳ĵ̡
̿չĵ̲ûиá
ȻһϣҲûкԶľ롣
ʫҲǿѡܶĵ̣ƾԼʵһ̡ܹ
֮ǰЩСѾǵ˲ˡ
ʫڶ˱뷨ûԼİˣе˶Ŀ࿴ġ
һЦ
ڣ¹˭ֿ¶֪ء


202 Ϣ

ʫסϢû֡
̺İЩСϢȴûб뷨
Ͼ֮ǰĽյľ滹ûйȥ죬ţҪ̵ԼĻҲ췽ҹ̷
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СiѾ߱ȡĹܣٵ֥ȡ
ŨҺ㼯һһСƿ档
İԼзƷ˹̨ϵǰһɫıʶ̡
ƷƼ
ÿ˽˵ʱ̶ἫмɵƼ䣬Ѿݸˣǿһ
ĶĲݱ
ȻҲı˻ԼĴϾֶҪľǸ߿ƼĻе豸
ֻСiһ˵Ŀѧܹﵽ
ǳǳһЦȻ̧Լովȡľһɫƿݸ̺ɡ
ҪпĻǵкǣƷľһҪǾô
̺ɵ˵ͷʮ֣صסССƿӡ
֮ǰҲǸӦôá
ֻҪٰЩ߸˿;ͺˡ
ٶȱ졣
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㣬ΪЩױƷĻļ磬Ҷᱻݺݵĳһͨ
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̿һģԵЩ⣬Ȼĳѯʵַʲô飬ôҿΪʱͷ˰ɡ
ʱԽദԽǾԸܺá
ܷܷЩƣͬ
ֱ׳˵Һ֮ǰ̵ǸǽܷܷĹΪ˺ѡ
۾ϸϸػ֮ǰܷܷĳ
еĸ΢
ǣôܷܷΪ˺ѣ˳ƶΪմⲻ١
ԣܺá
̧üͷ
̰ԼƵľϡ
оľʱ䳤˺ܶĶƵģÿϴ֮һҪͿĨһЩŶ
˵ĺ档
һϲûô˼ͭԼ΢΢Сʵڵġ
һЦЩûڵԼԴ
ԵЩΣˣҵˣҪ֮ǰܷܷҲܹæͨ籨˰ɡ
䣬Ԥʾ⼸ĺ飬һ̣͵͵سʹ˸ɫ
̺ܿ˼
Ƕ°ɣ̺ͣӪҵ
̺ɾҵصͷݲȵظһߵĹ˿˻ױƷ֮ͰѵǰӪҵеӸĳΪϢС
ˡ
̺ɼĵΪǸȲ裬ƮƮЦЦ֮󣬴ǵػȸɻ
ѵƺܷܷʶˣ
֮ǰܷܷ͵ˮʲôʱû
ͤͤƶĸо̼ظ
ĻظҲܼ򵥣ڼʱܷܷҵģ˵Ҫת㣬ǺҪĶҲûв𿪡
֣ء
̰ѱŷˣʱ֪Щʲô
ǲ
ЦЦл
Ҳϲʤڿƺ̶Դ˺⡣봹ͷԵò̫졣
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ǣȴ޷ԡ
ôˣôһͿôƲֵģʲô
Ʒһڲˮɫ쳣鲻ԽشŹС
Գϴˡ˹Уֻܹʵʵ˵ˣΪʫ֮ǰΪľٶǱǣˡ
͵ģʫ˽֮кةйصܵǣ
Ȼ˵ûа취飬ʲ
˵һжʫ⣬ƾʲôҪأ
ңӰ쵽ˡ
⼸죬ҲΪƲ֣鶼ܵӰ졣
Ŀ⣬ЩΡ
ʫĻԼڻǺúõġ
һǺһ㡣
̲˼̧ͷϸϸ㲵ӣ΢ʱ˼һĻҲӦûиõĴʽģҵĲԡ
æ֣ҡͷܾˡ
ô᣿̫⣬ֻԹʫ̫ԣĻڣҵҲüչˡ
ǡǷʲô
̲˼ѯʵ
ƽԼ˵Ҳǣ˵ҲãΣֻܹҡҡͷ
ͱ
˵꣬æһڡץžˡ
ȻʧЦȻ׾ʲôʲô¡õıѾ


203  ůʱ

һ
̽ץǱŷ⣬ȴŴ򿪣ɫϰϰĴ
էůʱѽϢ
ǳ΢΢ĴĵƹҹĻӳ֮Եøͬһ㡣
̺Ҳһ̲סıԹ˵Ҳ֣֪ʱ䷢ʲô飬ϵģûʲôˡ
Ļ
΢ţüͷȴûж˵
̺ȴһੲݵ˵ࡣ
Ȼ͸Ҳ׾ʲôϲʲôϲġ
˵ʱ䷢ɱ˰Ϊԭ߶ûʲô˰ɡ
˵֮΢΢Ĵ
ɫ壬û֪Щʲô⸱ϲģǸɻ
̺һʱ֮Ҳò׼˵ЩʲôԾգһգʲô˵

̸һܹ롣
ղ֪ôģһ̻Ϣ
ĵĹ⣬ü֮䷴ȸԾš
ǳǳЦЦЩɵѯʵôүβš
ⲻڣ
ת
˵͸˺صë¡ë׵İйһǵҪһܹõ
ֵ̰ĸëƺҲΪëճȾЩů
ëǺůء
˼ĸ̾һ䡣
ȴеǶĽѡ
ӵëҲ֪ܹ㵽֡
ȴҲûʲôˣԼҲǿˡ
ֻҪ̶ϲͺá˰ֵĸŴĳ
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ԭڳӪŹĺͺǻ
ҵĻ̶ɲӡ
Ϊ룬мñֵĳƺūǶźš
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Ŵһ仰û˵ͷס˿ֱۣĽ˷С
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бüͷһԲ
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ֽŷĺúõģһֶûС
뻹ûв𿪣ֻŪ˼ϸȷû֮󣬲ѯʵ˭̶ġ
ơ̵ƷζһŨѣ¶һЦݣҲ֪ʲô飬ܷܷȻ뷽跨İƣҲ֪ʲô飬ֻĻǾãࡣ
Ҫŷ𿪳ʾһ񣬵õ˿϶֮󣬲СĴӱԵ˺
ֽƬӳǵ棬ִֽŶдСŮҵ黰
ûʲô⣬ֻ˵һϸ΢ƬƬֽҡҷ
̧üͷӵ°ƬһˮƬ
ϸĻҲǷֲˡ
ǣ
Ƭģӳ֮µʮɫĹ⡣
ͬҲ֪ʲô
˵ƬĳԿס
ûô򵥣
ӹƬϸŷܹƬϿһ֣·ò
ǼӵĻƣ
ϸϸƣӳ֮Եò
⻨ƱӲĿӿݵģҲ֪ǲΪ֮
˵ӵĻƵĻܹҵ˿
ֻܹҡҡͷ


204 ӡ

ƺߵͬ棬ʱ֪ν
ƾӳҡҷš
кܿ϶ƬĻƣ϶ǹؼԿףȻǮΪʲôܷܷĶҴĻǵҪЩĸԼ
ѵΪʱڱϼӿܵʱʲô
һ𣬿ںƽԸҲǾԲܵŰݷá
ȻʲôһĨ嵭Ц⡣
̶һ취ͻȻ⣬ǵǰԼӡģֻҪܹ㹻ʯīͺˡ
Ȼ֪СԴϡŹֵ뷨ֻĵ˵ͷǷԸŪʯī
̳ЦЦ
ϲľһΣȻ֪ʲôǶҪӦ
ԼĪСʱ䣬ʯīǱ˵ϡ
ҲòôʲôһϸʯīóԼСг˷ĩ״
㲻ЩʲôҲûгʣֻǽĿ⾲ϡ
еʼĩȫ飬Ȼͳһֽ
һСĸ͵ʯī̶ͻһ󵨵ķӣʯīӡ
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Ѿ˲ɵ͵ĵزԹԹ˵ܹܹģң˵־ζѾ֡
һǻ㡣
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ľˡ
һвܵĿԣƺǴ𰸡


205 ݷ

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̾һе֮ǰΪܷܷһŹȵĿأԵĳ⣬Żİ˼Ρ
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˵Ǳܽܽظ⻹ûҪһ
˸⡣
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ʱҵ̫ҽУܽظֶҺܳԣպ󲡺˵ĻҾȥ
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ȻǲдģȻзı죬Ǻ͸ֹУ·硣


206 

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ⱻ˷֡
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ĽŲȴԽԽ졣


207 ҵ

ʱǽǮһ뷨δĥ
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΢һ
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ȴ侲ѯʵôһ£
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סӣ˵ļɡ
ʵҲûʲô飬ֻ֮ǰүۺȷ⼸òѯһɷʱһֱûظɻԽչ
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Щ̫ףֻܹƲġ
˵ͷҲǰԼʶϸĻһ㡣
ǽﲢû԰ɱɡ


208 Ǽ

ѹʱֻԼĺɣͷҲġ
ʶ֧ԼظԼĶͷȴоԼ˯˺ܾúܾãѾá
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209 ¥

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עĻһĲˡ
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һССµĲ豭װɫζˮǿոսʱӿҩģΪɫζİ׿ˮ
̲ɵø̾һȻ˵ǻ޾ġ

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ͬݺһ㣬ͨ͸
뻺һ㣬û뵽ôֱӵİ˵


210 ȥ

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̸ЩֲڵĴ֣֪ү̶һܺáûв´Ļ̶֪ЩүԼģԲԣ
Цݵ˳˷ҡ
ʱ䶼֪˵Щʲô³Ļ
Լֱ޻ɽ
ѵõ¶Щ˥ܵɫˡ֪ôˡ
ǲɵļţϵεવͣ
ȴʵе¶˸мĻȡ
̶˵Щ飬ֻҪлүүĻ̶첻ôˡ

Ϊ˴лүһģ죬ȥҰòã
ûмǴĻǱߵĻĽҰȻƫƧвٵ
һһ
¶һĨչĻȡ
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͸¶Ϣ˵ഺ磬˽
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ô죿̶ôᣬֱҸ޷֡
ĬĬ˵š
ȴһʱ䲻֪Ӧεнܹԭģ
ǰ˾Դͷ᲻õĿˣҲĽ
ĺݺݵıˣһˡ
ĺȴи۸ӵ
ķԸųѳͣ⡣
Ķȴûκεı仯ĸЩ˺۵֡
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̺Ȼ׶Ǹʲô˼֣֮صĹâĵ˵ͷ
ǵ΢ЦûκεͣЪү߰ɡ
ﳯųĹ⻷ܣš
תһβ̵ʮֵ䣬΢ǵͷ˼
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˵޷ԡ
кܶ鶼̶֪ġ
Ǳ̨ʺԡ
СİԼĻںڵĳ֮ϡ
ŷƮ裬Ҷ˳ӿš
ʱһ޷׼ȷ̡
̸оԼõһ㣬ǳǳЦЦ
һЦ¹ӳ֮Եþ
ȻܵһĪĿ̽ض
Ȼ֪˭ڰп̽˲ֻһӡ
·һжһִ
ĬĬĸԼֻ˲Сĵؿ˶ѡ
ȴΪЩǣֻ¶һĨЦ
Ҳûвһ㣬֮еĻϲע
ƺǸж
ֽץס֫ԼеůȫкĻƺ˿̲ܹܵůʵڡ
ǱʶУΪԽܹоһƮӰ
еĹУΪǰ˶ԡ
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ʮֶ֮еĶȴ޷ӡ
ͬնеĺķ϶֮ҪΪһеס
ǡת뿪


211 չʾ

Ϧĳ
ϼƮ֮У׺ҹĻ
ֳǼθеķۺɫ
̺ϯض˽űߵƵԾš
֪үҪЩʲô
ʵļ档
뵹ǲ֪տ¶һĨЦݡ
̶Ҫʲôʲôɡ
ȻԴ˲ϣĽҰģǳʲôûУܹĲأ
ɽÿһĻһ
Ȼûдʲôʳĺ͵ζϣЯСãһЩɢ֦⣬ɿܣȻ󽫺ʵҶһΪ
Ȼǵļɼ״
ѯʵ֪үɷ񷽱̶ȥ̼ȥûĶտġ
ĵ˵ͷṦ΢ǵһ峺ĺߡ
Ȼмǵζţⲻ֪ǵ¾ҪΪ˵вˡ
Χһ˲ٵĢȷһǿʳõģ֮Ͱ
ʩСƣҵ˼ֻΪвҩϺͷѡ
Ա߿˿ȴûпмǳͳԲ⡣
Բתת
ȴû뵽ĽҰĵطȻũСݡ
һĢϣ̽ԵţԼϵĶࡣ
ȴû뵽Ŵŵʱǰһ
˵ֻܹн̸
Сiʱ侪ȵĳ
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һĵ²ۣ㲻֪Ķء
Ȼ˵ţĶȴûκεֹͣԼﶯԼժȡķѣһ⡣
ȴЩⲻȥû뵽ŷ飬˼
ѣЩɵĴԼͳһҩ衣
Яҩ衣
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ϽһСҩϣЩɻ
ҲЩΣԼóȻİҩŹȥҪǶһĻܻỳԼĻ졣
ԸϽｻ̸һųмĵ˵ͷĻϲ
һ㼦
̸Ͻڰ־ܾĺ⡣
ţһõһЩ廨⣬տζʳˣǹϷַۣ
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ֺÿ͡
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һЦҸոȥĢû뵽￴СӣСĵȥĸ˺õһ廨⡣
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ͬʱɾ⣬һͬչʾһЦ
̳ĵ˵ͷү
ԱˣƺԼĿ佱ʱ򣬷·еĿ佱ȻȻСһ׮
̳ЦЦ
ס֣һԲ
Ҫ̵վжôá
̰Ѿõ˵Լһߡ
ָ֮ϣֻܹİЩ˶㸹֮УȻͿǳǳһۣȻͷڻϣʼ˿
ȵⱻƣ۵ζڿ֮޼ɵš

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ÿһ涼״֮󣬱ڻ֮£ıף廨ͱð˳
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ҲԽԽʢˣõʱ̷ǲŲæģϵЩķۣɫҺڻӳ֮Եøᡣ
͸ĽʸС
뽫һпĿ࣬û̻˵գÿһϡ
̶Ҳ̫ˡ
ЩϤΪ֮ǰЩ飬Ϊʼҵļ̳֮һҪҰĥҲ١
ǶһŲŲĹСԣһձԵѵÿɹ
ϸϸĲ˲ԼͷðĺּԼĹõĢ֮ϣܵȼš
һеĶ˵ȻȻˮ
ʳĵͬʳıص㣬ͬƮɢڿ֮С


212 ֮

ҹɫ׵ǵΪõĴʣûܹ뽼ľ˵š
楷Ƶһοľɫ
ȻҪǹʦ͵͵ĸZ˵ϻż֮յ꣬ǾԲġ
̫ˡ
ĬĬıԹţû뵽һϢ
ֱʳָ󶯡
ͷһһԵZȻȻ˵ȥɣζĺء
Z˵ͷҲûֹΪ
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벻Ըĵ˵ͷҲЩ˵ĺеϾ⻹ǧǧΡ
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ֻڲᣬոտ顣
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˵ֻҪԸĻԸһܹ棬̶Ҳꡣ
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˭û뵽֮£һĳԻ
տĳδҪʾãȴ֪ͷ
Ŀһ˲


213 ĸ

ֹĿⷴϡ
ֻڿ˳ŴߣͶ˹ȥͷͬСèһ㣬Щӵ楷ơ
楷ͬܵߡ
찡찡Ӧô죿ӦôԵñȽȻ
ﲻ֪ôˡ
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ʮģܹ֮иܵ
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ҲЩͷԵģѵ楷ķ𣿻ʲôԲԼ飿
ĬĬš
ȴ֪ôǰѯһ顣
楷ƱΪԼ֪Ĵ룬Ȼʼݵʾһû뵽ûпͽյ뾯ߡ
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Сһ㡣
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ĿȥģҲԵЩ⡣
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ȻǼķĿʼ
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ֻܹܵȵ彥ԼĶϼ䡣
ɤ˵峺
ϣ̶ܺԶһ𡭡


214 ˪

峺ɢ
̴ԼЩʹĲӡ
쿴֮󣬱ǻص֮С
æ˰ҹ˯Ѿˡ
̧ȴûпһĨϤѳԼǰ
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ֱ̺ڿ죬Ȼ֪ڲǱԹʱ򣬵ǵǨụ̲̆סİæ
ʱˡ


215 

¹ƺΪ˻ܵ˾ţ̲ԣڿ֮תŰ߲Ĺ⡣
΢ɲ̾һȻĻ˻֡ʾ뿪
ڲֻʣһˡ
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ӵǰһֽװ׵дš˪
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Ȼǹˡ
ӣһʱҲ֪˵ʲô
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óԶȵĻ˪ģԼȫ´죬ôû뵽ЩԼϡ
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סֲڵĴ֣ԣү׼ңʲô
΢΢һЦǷ
֪ʲô¡
뾿ΪΣҪԼ


216 ĵ

ɫεһƬ
롣
ʲô飬үһֱҪң
֮г㣬۵Ĺ⻪ȫȻĶΡ
Ȼ֪ڲԸ˵ǷĻǰͶݳ
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Ļȴԥ
̸ɻ
Ϊʲô飿ٻḡֳı飬ʱչֳܸһ΢ζ
ƺееĴݶڴ˿֮ڣȫ˵ݡ
ΪʲôʲôҲ֪
ʵĺܼ򵥡
ɻдζ˵ջĵβ
֮ǰʱѧйڴѧһﴫӶ֪еִﲶĵĹɡ
ھͽѧá
֮ǰȸӵͻȻʾβ˲
븧Ķͷһ̾
Щ̶Ӧ֪Ҳ֪һٶĻ϶Դ˵ĺֱӡ
̳΢΢һЦ
ʲô¡
ΣպͿѣµֻԼ䡣
˵ʲô鶼Ļ鲻ԽǷǵġ
ʵ˵̶֪ܲʱ䲢̫ƽ˷ɱ˰֮ززʱû䡣
һ˵֮жǻУ΢΢︧ŸոհĲˮ
ǡôıֳɻı顣
ʵжţ֮ǰڵҩƷʱ˵һҲûв׽̫Ϣǵ˵ֶκǲ̡
΢ɲ̾һ
ĵ˵ͷܼ򻯣֪̫࣬Ӱ
ֺݶֻ֮˽Ҫıɱ˵ϡ֮¶ɫĹâ֮Ե÷ĲС
Եú⡣
Ԥıɱ˰ˣĻ鲢ֹۣңһг񡣡Դ˺ܿ϶
Ҳͬ뷨
ȷֻ˺ǣʱ֪ΪʲôɱˡЩˣûκεϵ
һ´󵨵Ʋ˵ֻҪ֤ԼĲܣɱˡ
ֿ̬ɲ١
Դúܿ϶֮еĹӵ
һ˵Ʋ⡣
һ˵Ȼ˼·
˵ĺе
Ĵ𰸺ܿУһζ
ĵһ㡣һҵ̶
˵⻰֮鲻Խ֣ץס̵С֣ϰԶ
һʲôΣգԣͻʶİ̵ֽš
ƺӲܹȥеĽǡ
Ļүɲ˵ġߵҲ٣Լһ졣
˵°Ȼ
ȴԸѲп̻¶Ƭ̲˵ûô򵥡֮ǰֵˣǰ׹ǰ
̲Ҫ̫ɡ
ĵ˵ͷ
δȻ飬ȻǶõģûбҪ˵ҲûбҪ̫ڽš
ǧǧҲֹһ
ϣ൱ֹۡ
Ͼ벻Ҫ鷳ĻȻǲ
νšֻĶͬħһģֱһۺɫСƿӡ
һ򿪾ӣζϢ
Ʈɢڿ֮УŨֲţǡô
ɻԡ
ǣ
ֱ׳˵֮ǰҲĻ˪ŻҪٰһֻڲ𣿡
Խ˵ԽԼе䣬ȸոպá
̵ͷƿӣȻ󼷳̰ɫĸ塣
΢ϸģĿת
¡ڴ˿ֻܹΪǣĿ࣬ױȡ
һּµԽ̾ԽĿת
ֻܹܵĸ屻ĵůԻס
һһͿĨԼϵÿһط
ǺǵЦЦ
ү̶ͣúõһɡ
鲻Խں
Ҳ׵ķû֮ǰࡣֻܹܵСԼļһĦĦ
ů˵С
⧲
Сɵ°͵˾µĻߡ
һδ֪ıһûܹ֪Ӧη


217 ̫

ĸոպãů˵Χ
Цӯӯ˵ΪүƳĶһݵĶκ˶ûõĻء
ЦͬʹﱻĲ˹èһá
ǳǺǵЦЦ
Ȼ˾ٺòˡ
ת˲֮䣬һ紵õĻи롣
ֹ
̺ȴСǰȻһŷ⡣
ŻʼרĻƣ˷Ĺͬ಻ɽ
֮дŻʼҹеƣµ˵
ѯʵν£
ʹˣ巢ʲôūҲ֪
̺ɵ˵Ȼŷȥ
̽ӹŷ⣬ǳǳ̾һ
ܾûʲô¡
Ȼŷһ˲䣬͸оԼͷͻͻ˼ʵ벻
̫ء
̲֪ô˵ֱӵİŷݸһ룬ӹŷ⣬΢̾һҲû뵽չ˵ز
֮ǰ̫Ǻúõģô˵ؾǲء
ҲøϽȥ￴һȻĻ̸֮λ˵ʧȥ˹غͷԲ
˶һؾѡ̵ױҲʮֵĸɾ
û뵽ɲ飬ոʹŨױĨʫ
ϲҺɫĹװִ滹żֻĺ
ؿҲͷ󣬵ûκΰ취ҪֻܹȥˣϾǸĿĲݵˡ
ʫģ̿
磬»ûм̫Ҫʺһ顣
̶Դ˶κεֻۣǾ㵵ĻѾ
ʫ֪ʲô飬ͦͦţôˣûпÿˣ
֮дųƣһߵ̣ƺΪܹõļ㡣
΢΢
̾жȣһˡ
ʫҪϲĻһֱôȥɣɱܹõЧĻҲ⡣
ԵЩ⣬û뵽˻شԴĵתĿ⣬
΢Ĳ⡣
ȴһۣĵİֺԼֽһ
ʵҲûʲô¡
ĬĬ˵
ĬĬĸ̾һ̹Ȼȡ
Ŀڴ̵ʱ򣬾ʫӵĲ̫ôΣʱ̣Ȼ´硣
զؾզˣô죿
ֻܹӲͷƤʵ뵽
Ҳһͬǰȥתǰ
ʫȴݺݵʶİĶΪ̸Լ
ĵغһдűԹ
̻İԼˣ
ʱҲ˵ˣ̫ʦûʲôǵ㱳ԼǰΣ
üͷȻԣǶ̵Ҳﵽ˼㡣
Ծȥˡ
ǰ棬ҲɵЩġ
֮ǰ̫ʱ̫Ǻö˶˵ģô˵Ͳˣ
ȴղŵ̬ȣˣΪʲôأ
գԼ˵үɷ֪һʽɱЩԽ⣬ԽˤԽ
ʫѳҪҪҫ
˾һʫܻԲпġ
ϾҺС̫ĻԼƷλ𣿡
Ҳ֪ô˵ʵҲͦеġ
ʫô裬ҲֻܹȼһᣬʵǲҲ֮𣬿ԭ
һ·̫޹Խľζżᴫвҩ㡣
̲ոպá
ЦЦܹķֱвҩ
ɽ仰ûд޹֮УҲ̡ܹ̫ܵ
Ϊʲô鵼¼ģӶ˲ء
̶Դ۵ĺܿ϶
űƿһɲǣӳǼūһҩĳ
ʺǰɫһĮ
Ͼ˵Ĺϵãֻܹάֱϵƽ
Ҳܹ˵˺ܶӵĹϵ
ѯʣô£֮ǰĸʱĸǺúõ𣿡
ʺû˵Ҳûʲô£ֻ֮ǰľɼˣҲ̫ҽ˿˵ǰʱҩͺˡ
һνĳԵû
̲ܹڲϵ̫̫֮Уģֻޱ
ƹߣ΢΢ҡҡͷ
Ķûô򵥡


218 ûô

Σ֪ʲô顣
ĺ
ô̶ȳ̽һ
ԵĻɷ̶Ҳ̶ϵ̫Ĳ飬Զҽ
н˶ݡ
ֻʺûзʫһ˵˵ô̶ھȲҪˣ֮ǰ̫ﲻ˵˵̫ҽѾòˣѵǾ̫ҽҽû߳Ǿûʺˣ
ĵдĻȻ󽫳Ŀ̡
һ̶ֻǵĸĲ飬ҪЩʲô
ʺһʱΡ
ʫеĹ̫ǿشҲãشҲС
ֻ΢΢ĳ˴ǣ׼ѵǣҪ̫֡
ⵢ̫Ĳ顣
̫ĳʮֵ΢̶Ѿͷкη
̫˵ˣȻû顣
ּ⡣ǲӨӨǰȥ
Ļ֮£Ե÷ĵԵϵ̫ޱȡ
л̫
ǳǳĵͷȻϸĴһ
һС
ǹ۲ݣ̫ݳ˰߲һЩ֮Ⲣ޴󰭣ûе̶ֳȡ
ǲż¶ۡ
ϸϸİ΢
̫ʱǳʲô
Ȼ⡣
̫ʱгȥߣûиȾ纮
⣬ʤö١
̫󶼺ĵĻشˡ
ԽشҲԽȷ̫֢״ûеô⡣
νĲظһӣֻ֪ǰ˭׽ȥˡ
̶Ļ鷳ҩ̲ҩƷȥ˸Ĺʡ˵ķᣬ̶Ѿ̫ĲȻأϸϸĿȥҲܹ֮ǰ΢һЩƶѪ֢״֮⣬û⡣
оݣŵü
ʳ̲ҩĵĻʵ䷴
̫ʱھ̲ĻΪȵǿӿ
֢״ء
̾һ
̫˵ͷƺܺã̬ȶ֮ǰǿģڶ뷨ûκε壬ޱȫĵ
Ȼ̶Ѿͷ˵ˣǻҵ˼𣿾ȥ
ʺЩԥ
ô˵ֻһҲȲרҵ̫ҽĸĻǲ̫ˡ
Դ
̫ĵķ˸ۣʹĶҲԵ÷š
ҵ㻹𣿡
ֻǳǳظ⼸־䡣
ʺֻܹĵ˵ͷҲ˵Ļ
Ͼʺݵλ̫ݵλ֮
ֻҪ̫һ죬ôеĴСˣӦû
ʫҪһİŻʺ󣺡˵ף̶ֻһԸж϶ѣҲΪ̫á
˵Щί
һԳά̶̣ҽʮ־տһشҶͬ˷ʥ޹ѵ̫ҽжϾһȷ𣿡
ֲ¡
ʺͻȻعΪ˷Ϊ̬ȺǼΣĸ˼С
̫ɫ̲Ŀ΢΢Ƶϵʱѵõ¶Щο
̶ѾͷġĿ˿ȣΪ̫ɵ΢ѵǾҵĻ𣿻Ҫ˵飬ǲܹҵ˼
ס˻Ҫ˵ʫ
˵仰òã
ֱͷۡʫڵƣȢǴĴ
ʫӵĲҪ˵仰ȴʮִ³󣬲׼˵һ仰
ðû뵽ôı¡
ɴ죬ʮֶİӴһߡ
ĸһеĻҲ֪Ȱ⡣
ʺ˵⻰ֱӵ뿪
ʫҲ˳뿪뿪֮ǰŻʺģڻʺѾ뿪ˣҲԼûıҪ
вҩζ֮⣬һĨɬ
ȴԵν
ںô˵ôֻģ̫ƽ޹ĳŸҩ
ס֣ɫذ
ֱꡣ
̫΢ɲ̾һ
Ҿ֪ǰͲðЦЦüë˼ĻȣǰôܾԸأ
ĵĹ˴ǣһߵ̡
΢΢ӡ
֪̫ʲôҪ˵


219 ̸

ĺɫǡô޹ÿһ
Ŀת̫ȻԽ˵ЩʲôĿ˵ļžá
¡
⻰ǳ˵ģ̫Դࡣ
һЩҪѾͷ˵һ
ѵĵ˵ͷȻ׼̫˼̫˼棬С֡
˲΢
ޣˮһĵ̫ΧĿԴЩļ䣬ƺǴӹȥ͸
һԲ䲻׾ʲôֻƾĿ⣬ϸϸĳš
ʵڼҵȷˣˡ̫ĿⰧԹֻһǡЩ㲻˵Ҳ֪
ޱ𾪡
ΪҪ
ԺΪҪգֻҪͻʺԵĻҲҪš
Ͼݸ߹
üһͣЩֻǻʹǰ£СѾͷ֪áĿǰҲҪ˵Щġ
ݡ
˵ഺ껪ҲйķòѾѸߣܾԼ޷ӵС
ﲻɵ÷һĨĽ֮⣬ԲŻ˸ڰ
˵˵ܹܵഺϢҲٺòġ
ֻ̫ʱһʱæµ顣
Ȼĥ̫󾿾Ǹʲô˼ǻѡ˼˼˵ó
֮Щᡣ
̸۵ʱ䣬չ̵ʱ̫󵹲һԴȴٵ¶һĨЦ⡣
Цۡ
̫
ãѾͷȻֱҲǰû뵽ģȻ˼Ļͺúõİĵ̰Ļȡ
˵˻֮һ٣СӣദһֱȵġͰ˵һûп㡣
ҡҡͷ
ԭ鶼ǸͷβᣬŰ֮ǰ鶼˵̫ġ
ֻ΢Ľһɢһ仰ֻһѡ
˵ĺɡ
̫ȴһζЦЦ
СӴֵľʲô飿ѵҾͲ֪𣿡һ˫˪֮УЩĳ̫˵ĺί񣬡֮ǰʲôԲ飬ĲԡܹϱҲǰҵ¡
ڸ֮ôãܹ̫λӣȻıġ
Ҳˡ
Եʱ̱¶һʱ
⣬ԲŻʱץס˻ᣬҪ߶̸ۼ֡
ϵһЩҲ޷
΢΢һ㶡̫̬ȣΪ·˼
ü̫ģ̶Ѿܳˣ֮ǰʵȫҲˣѾȻñ˿Ц
̫ͷȴľһ̬ȡ
ֻҪ˳׵ĺͺ޼ĻҪýһķչ
ʱҲ磬㰧Һúõ˵˵ⷦ
ָ̫΢ǷԸһԵּ⡣
û뵽̫Ķôɴ࣬ˮ©ֻҲ˼ƽϣ˵Ȼּ⣬̶ˣ̫󣬲Ҫ̶鷳źá
һЦ
һðЩ߸үأȻүһԿҪˡ
̫ƵЦЦ
˶Ҳһ׮£ĬĬ롣
ҹɫĴĵ׺ҹĻ֮С
ıӰԵøˡűƿһɲǣ˲
̫ûΪ㣿
Ȼ֪ʮа˾ⲻܣ̲סѯһ
ҡҡ֣ûµġ̫ҲûΪңֻҪסڻʹһϣҲûʲô°ɡ
ü죬ɷҲ¡
סá
Ϭһͨ
û뵽ֻʱ޹һȻķôơ
̫ȻԵõڴ֮ϣɫʮֵĲ԰ף˭һλˡ
Ҳ̶֪Ѿͷô˼룬ȻܹôĻƷ
˵Ʒ⼸ֵʱҲЩ裬Ȼ̸ĸѾ͡
Ȼе뷨
ȻڵﷷƷ׬ǮܰЩʼҹ棬Լ϶ܹ׬
ͳԼЯСӣװһ㻤˪
̫ûпⱾĶһĨɫҺ屻ͿĨϵʱķһ̾
о̫ҽҩá
ֻҩƿܹԼϵƤĸѾںƤС


220 

ʱʱƮɢһ󣬽һ̴㣬á
Ż鱦ͭǰ̫Լݹ
Ҳ֪ǴŪģôϡŹֵС⡣
ͳ˲ٵƿƿ޹ޣһ޽һ޵ġ
ĿĿϾӵģÿһ涼ӦŲͬɫ
ѩɫΪʱʱΪζͬϢҲͬ
̫ĿתֻܹĨŸָͬĸȻܵȥƵģе׵ĹЧһʺ̫ġ
óһīɫҩƿܹˮͨͨͨ͸
ʲô
̫ź棬ûпô໤ƷĽܣÿһֻƷصĹЧͬ
û뵽ѾͷôĵӣôϡŹֵ뷨ǿ鷳ӡ
Ҫôƿƿ޹ԼļͿĨ컹֪ܲܵˡ
̵Ȼпǵһ㣬ЦЦ̫Ҳصһ㣬֮ǰѾ˿
һ˵ţһ߰ѻƷͿĨȻĴ
Ǿһ̶ˮһʧ
Ķᣬĸա
̫΢΢ĵ˵ͷá
̫ûпôĶǸ״壬һͿĨȻˮһĵɢ
ֱ˼漣
ĬĬĸ̾һ
ֻҲЩɻ󣺡̶ѾͷЩľһŪ𣿡
һ˻ļı
дŨӵĲ̫š
̧üͷüһˣԵò⡣
֮ǰԤ뵽ѯʡ
ΪһҵߵĶԼзġ
Ȼ̶һģֻڼԵһݵط鼮
ԼͳһĹżּȱǳƵҳ翡
ֻܹȼϳǽյġ
˾Щ档
̫Ȥ֮˸Źâĳ֡̾ǰ˹ȥֻܹīѾġ
ƺⱾھ֮󣬾ͱ⸱ģ
ϸķҲûһȫģȫǸʽɷ䣬ֻϧÿһ仰޷һ
̾һ
̴Ϊε˵ֻϧⱾ鼮صĶ̫ȫ̶Ҳо˺þòܹоĶ̫󿴵ˣҪЦ
̫ϸϸķţȷܹ˵ùĺۼ
ٲȱĵطԼıʼԼĲ룬÷˴󵨵ĸ¡
ã
ԣ˼ĸ̾
̵ǱܳһܳԿҼŮӣﶼѵһģھߡ
Ŀ⡣
Ļҡ
ҵĶ̲Ըȥ̽ȴܹ̫԰׵İ׷΢΢ҡš
ͻȻһ⣬ˮĴ۾淺ŽĹâ
һ⣬֪̫ǷԸⳢһҲҪ̶󵨡
̫ԣֻǵüͷŶ
̱˸߲ҵͨ׵ĻһʲôȾ
ⶫķϱеĸӼ򵥣СiİĻҲʲô¡
̫֣µĵ˵ͷǴûԼѾԲԵİ׷ܹϻͯһıɲԺڡ
Ȼ֪˵ĻǺһʱĿģ˼мء
¶һĨЦݡ
峿ӳ޹С
ʺ̫ϲǽȻַ̫֮ͬиĹӡ
Ӯ˵ϲ
̸һĬĬһԣٻѾߣҪֽͱʡ
Ǹдһ飬׵ĽϷ飬ұʾҪ̫ĿģԾȾ˳Żȥ
ֻǵҪģκεûκεĹϵ
ûκεĿġ
üĿ֮˸Ĺ⡣
ڻʹ֮ΨһķܹĴ󵨵ʹҩġ
ƷϺõҩģҲӶࡣ
Ⱦдһҩд˺֥飬ڵȵ̲ҩġ
Ȼɫ
̳üͷģóһɫƿӡ
ķԸСiʹȡĹܣȻܹ׾ٵصõһƿɫ
ѾǵĽŲѹü͡
̫һʱ򣬱ǿһ棬СѾͷĬĬĵȻ֪æµЩʲôǿ⸱ģ;ԼĲɵɵЩ
֮ǰ˵ҲǼٻЩʵʵ


221 ̫Ⱦ

ǳǳķ
̰еҩȫһһɫձϸϸĵš
Ŭ֮£ģȾ
ʱź֪ķ֣ԭ̫עþá
֮ǰ̫棬ûע⵽һ㣬ڲɵЩΣ¶һĨЦ⡣
̫ôվôã
ü֮Ĺж˵С
̫ˣ̿Ķͷ
Ѿͷ𡣡
ƺƽʱĹҲͻȻΪļůϢ
æˣҲǳһ¶һĨЦ
Ѳ˺඼
̸ϽֲɾȻȾ
̫Ͳһ𣿡
˵̫ã̫΢ֻôĴˣȻԺڷ󣬵Եúƽ
˰ɣȰѷˣ顣
Ǹ֣һٲԶûš
̵˵ͷ
û뵽̫ĻʳôãģȻֻǼ򵥵ͷ࣬û뵽ڲǬ
˵СͷҴŨζʱ򣬿̴ѾŨţڸס
Ա߻һСպϡ
ҲǾ棺ʲô̶ɴûм
ţ顣
̼ÿӼСͷպպνţĸĳһڣԭţִֻ࣬ȶһָ֮ζ˹ҵĻеǾ
ӵۿɿڡ
ҲںǬġ
ƽƽʱɰķܹʳĶ˲Σ㣬ɱ
һͿǳԵļ̲
Ĳ죬֪Ҫƽʱ̫ﻹԲôζһ͡
Ϊڵõ̫ĿأԲܹԵ֮á
ԵЩͬѰ
û뵽ҿԳԵôõһͣҲ̶˰ɡ
¶һĨ۵ЦݣԼĿϸεţҲصȾ֮ϡ
̫Ҳ֪νȾͷӦôŪ΢΢Ĵѯʵô
֮еŽƵɫʡ
ϸĿ˿ŷ۵ײͬ˵ĻǣĴо񣬿ޱȡ
Ȼ࣬ʵ飬鲻ԽĴĿ⣬˼Ρ
Щã
һ˵ֻҪ̫ȰͷϴȻٰҩ
͡
̫˵ͷղЩ𾴵ĶҲûз
ɴ߲Сڡ
̫̫ĵ⽨ֻҪܹվøԶ
ô۶ƾ˵ġ
ǻһƥ˭Щ
̴Ծš
ЩѾҲǵһμȾֶ
Сȵˮһ̫ελ̫̫֮棬ȻҪһԵ̫Ƿá
ģµִϴͷĹߡ
־Ȼ̫鷳ˡ
ܹ棬˵ٸһЩʱĻԼҲܹģĹ
ЦԽţĶȴûͣ¡
̫ЩԼĹϣȴûĶϴͷ
ֻּܹܵĴУȻ̰ͷϴķһһȡȻǡôȵˮʪͷ
Ȼ׹ŴϴͷƤôŪǾձִķʽ
ҶҲҪ̫⣬һԵѾҲǻɫģľ͸ϽѾǰæ
ֻ̫ܹܵ͵ĴУͷƤĸš
Ҳϸֱķʣ̫ķʺܺãŵ°ͷȾ֮󣬻Եøòء
ﲻ֪ûһŮǲģûһճճĬŮˣǲԼ·۷ġ
һʺ󱾾ͶԸͷںڣϸı֮طò̫Ҳ֪ʲôζ
ͷȾֵĵͷϣϸš
ĸȾ˼ͷƤҶͷƤá
Ⱦͷ˴Сʱˮϴ顣
һԵǶһ
ûľޡ
̫֮ǰͷ԰ѩȫںŨܡ
ëزɣȻһͿԼĿõ徫͡
̫˵ʮˣҲأ
Ŀޣ̫ȲҪԼӣһԵҲǸϽĹ£˵̫綫ٱɽ
Ŀ佱⣬еġ


222 

ͭɫľӷػഺ
һĺ̫ŵģȴһдŵ
ɻ󣬾ĴĿеġ
ںеĲжʵ
̲̫෢ֻÿһԸŮɵģ̫µĻһκͷ١
ϲʧĻã΢΢Ĳһء
ȻóЩǶڻױһ顣ĵõġ
ҵרһаһС
Ȼ˵ϱвģƣȻҲҪѧϰױױġ
ԻױҲǲڻ£ܹİ˸ͷ档
ǳЦӯӯټĶ΢΢ĶҡţȻܹ̫ͭҲı仯
óľﳤ̡
̫üͷƬ̣ϣü֮ľ룬Ե۾Ӿ
ӰĴ裬ҪС˱֮ļ࣬ԵñӸӵļͦ顣
ЩСɶһԵŮǴ۽磬֪Щӵ÷ֱǴš
̫Ĵһֱ֮䶼ǵЦģܹеԼۿɼٶȱøӵĺÿ
ҲƮƮȻ
ã
̾һ
ȴֲ֪ộĴ͵ĻܾЩʲôһ⣬ֵĸţԼѾںڵĳ
˵ңɼ
ת֮䶼Ϊʵ
صһ졣
̿Ⱦ鶼˴ϱ̫ΪĻơ
붼ЩԾ˵һʱΪ췽ҹ̷
̶εΪʵ̫ðˡ
Դ˻ЩԼıԹ
̫оĵĻڲӡ
̫Զɡ
ϾҲڷ˼߹һˣȻ̫׵С
֪Щĵ˵ͷ
ֻ̫󵥵ĿһЩһЩѡ
˵⻰ԺҲˣ̫һǱⴿˣٷ˼
˻˵ѣһŴЦôƭˣ
ǳǳ¶һĨ΢Ц
ڴϱû˶̶֪ıˡǽĿϸϸĴȥܹЩϧ
鲻Խĳֻʱˡ
ʲôԸһʼֻŬİɾͺˣܹģԼҲܹģû뵽鲻ô򵥾ͽ
̸ҪʳҪͨԼŬһС
ǺһжȻȻֻЩ
ôоڲǸģ
ǳǳż⣬˼˵ѵү뿼ǿһ𣿡
˵һ㿴ǰ޹˺ߵĴûᣬɴûǿӳԷġ
ɱվǰΪڷ絲ꡣ
鲢ï˵ţס֡
֪ЩǿֻҪŬͺá
ȻܹһС̡ҲǴҴҵΪһ¥ϲԱµʳͰеʳ
˶֪֪һݰ飬ڱ˿̫翡
ȴʵţе˶֤
̽ס֡
үҪӡ
ˣȨ
ٻʵүֿ֮ˡ
˵Ĳ飬ֱشš
һСľͱ紵ĵĲˤϤĿֱ۾ֹס
Щ΢ͷ
ôԼĪЩСͷʱһֱԼߡ
ãǲĻĿķ֣
使ݵ̧ͷһۣһ۱۲Ĳ
ͷԴԹ
̶ҪԺôݵĻɾͲˡ
˼˵
һ
ǿ籩꣬žƺүѾʼ˷ŭ
㿴ɣ㿴ɣү
Ա׼Ľ׼еˣʱϲͶιʳ֪ôζļȡ
֮Լ֬Ϳ·ҲǷǵġ
Ҳ뷨ȥ˵ϴǡ
̶ɲϣԺôˣڴߴҼʡ
˵ֱ׳
δֹ


223 ʵĶ

ܹȵţڵظոպãĵط⣬ûĵطҲݵüȳƣ̫ˣҪȵͷಹ塣
˵ɾ͸ɡ
үһû̵սĻ
Ҫʣʱ˳ڹŴ޵ԴԼʲͣģ
벻ʾҪ̲ÿ춼ʽ
֪ж棬ÿ粽룬ֵİջ
Ƕʡ
ȴݺݵİ뿴·ϵİʯ֪֪Ķжôֱ֣Ӱ쵽ڼʼƻĴҵ֪֪
˵ֱ׳ǿҵĿסԼĿ̰ԵθʾԼܹٶЩСƷ֡
ͷƲĳˮײˡ
һ⿵İγĶԱȡ
ÿ˼ɿڵŹźĵļ⽷⣬ش䣬һŶ
ƮɢĲζ㹻ɥĲ񣬸ߵ˿ˮֱ
̼ѵİˮ˳һڣһ⡣
ֻԽԽᣬԹûн˸ɬ⡣
ֻܹ¡
ԼԽֵĶӣܼıʾĲٳԡ
Ǿòħͷģ
˵
ЦЦһЦͬɢһ㡣
ʱ䷢ʲô飬Ҳֻ֪֪Ϭ໥֪
Ȼ˵ҪʣֻԼļʲͣʵʼƻȴûԸ
ķ˺ܺĿζҾͽһɫζȫԺԥģܹÿ˵ųżʲͣʵϲ֪Ͱѿ쵽ķ档
ʱ䣬زԭġ
̳̾Ϣ⡣ĲٶһˣҲ
һθԵĶ˾ԵĽչڴڵĺŲˮʱھԼθʵ
ķҲˡ
Ҳû뵽ִţͷ
ʵ
ͷҡıȲ˹ĻҪ졣
˵ô࣬ʵʵˣҪȥĻ˵ȥʱҵĽǶ֪˭ˡ
ŮǶϿҪ
ȴһ˵˭Ҫǲ̶֪˵ҪЦ̶Ļ̶Ͱͷˡ
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ȴƵЦЦѵ̶ľһôľٶ𡣡
֮УԴԸеΪͷƤ顣
̫΢
ȴû뵽ȻϣµĿЦ΢һ¡
ô֪үϺ̶Ц
ЩȴûкԵı¶΢΢ĴȴܹССѡ
ߡ
ԵЩ޿κΡ
Ҳ֪СԹ澿װʲô
ȻôϡŹֵ뷨⡣
һĻظү϶֪ҵԺﶼ㡣
ͻȻһƬû뵽̶һ˵黰Ҳ˵ˡ
ľͱɷ˵Ļˡ
ĺ
ҲǸɵǺǵЦЦ
¾ã˵ľһģɡ
Ц˵档
΢΢ĵţǴݸͬˣͬ߼ʣ߼ǡ
Щº͵ķ֮¸ܵʱʵãȴ㴿С
ӰĵطȻйػʱʱ¶ȴֻܹһ˫Ϭ۾
˵ڳĻͻᷢ˾֮ǰðƵˡ
˼Ȼͷϵⲻ⡣
֮ǰйƲŵıԿ׵Ķתڲ˷ֻ֣̣ž޴
ͷȻûоܾصģֻܹӦ
Ȼе˼
֮ǰߵŮȻ书ȲǾ㹻мγżصʱ򣬶ţӦ졣
ڿ̺ʵ̫ˡ
õ˼ʡ
ʼе㻳ɣѵͷץסᣬƻ˵ĸ
ûҪ
ϽҡͷԼΪĲ²ųˡ
̾һֵͷķôмأ
Ѵ𰸹̵һ㡪ͷϲ


224 

ʱ಻Ҳǵ÷ʱڣԴ
֮Уʱʱܸ꣬һֲͬѰζ
̵ʴҵļƻҲŬͼ֮ڳɹһ룬ۿɼٶȱø
ںǿġ
Ļζգ˶ø
ʱйϲѶҲǲĴš
Ȼ㲻̫ĻϲʤͬˮһĴݵ֮С
ÿһ죬вͬʵݹ
̶Դ˴һֲֵּ̬ȣһЩصҩĶʵʣµĽ鱦Σ·֮Ķյ˲ֿ֮С
ƹݷõʱǡ˻ʺָһʹ͡
˵ʵڻЩʹͣܿһЩߡ
ϸʹ࣬ʵʵھ̫ģϲϲ
ʺЩԵøӵйоأΪⷬΪõ̫ʶ˼زŸһЩѡ
ȵּ̫뿪ˡƶһСıԹ˵ôо͹Щôƽƽġ
Ȼ˵ûмôƣܾ͵Щ滹˵ʲôЩ⡣
ȴԴûκεⶼһ⡣
ƫģҲñֳʲô⡣
ʵҲûʲôġ
ת˻⣬֮ǰ黹Ŀ
һ˸̵ĻҲòý΢΢ĳ֣صѯʡ
ʱûзʲôԾҲҪҶ˵䣬ȻҾӦѡ񣬵ܾӦøϽ
ԵøĶšҲ֪ģ֮гĹ⻷
һܹж
Ҫ߸ҵģ˼ȥֵģ֪࣬뷨ԿסԼûа鵽˵죬֪뷨Щ֣ǶҶԣҾõѡ񡣡
̬΢Ļ֮ǰγĶԱȡ
֮ǰǲͬȥˣǣ޹ˡ
֮ǰ̬ȼںͳһս֮ԵøĻ͡
ԽĹҪҵһǡίͰ͵˵ΣŵĶǽĺá
˵ĺڡ
ֻηչܹóһǻԭġ
ҲԤϵģһԭԡ΢ţǵˣɵĹ⻪
Ȼǵɵ£ܹϸĵһȻӦķӦʵѾҾÿĵˡ
˵һ仰ҲС
˸
֪û˵ʱ﷢Сͨͨ͡˸ˮ⡣ҿ͵͵˵˺ܶ飬˵һҪıĶҲҿʱ仹СһΪá
˵еģ֮еĻ̿˸ĲУݼš
ȻҲɷѿģ΢΢ĵ˵ͷֻһĴжȣû̫תϡ
ЩС顣
Դ˵ĺ
ʲôС飬вĻܾͻᷢΣգ⻹С𣿡
˵ĲɵþЩί㿴Ļ̺ԼȫȻ⡣
㣬ɲҪѧűˡҲ֪͵˰ľ΢΢ĳʹŲͬѰĹ⻪˵ǱĶӵΪ֡
Խ˵Խί
ȴͻȻ֪й֮ǰܺ˵Ϣ
ʱĽƣظ
ȻЩϢмͬģڿչԼ鲻ԽĽ˵ţʵҲ㲻ʲô£ѾԷˡ
ǳ
ȴĿ
֮ǰʼղԸʲô顣
Դ˱̶ȵظУڣܹϸĻֱм
ֻĺ촽Ȼͦ
Ʊһੲݵĸǰܺߵ顣
ԭɱֺͳǱֶϵǳ
ֱ֡
ԵĻȥһ˰ĵص㡣
ͻȻĳֲԤУһǳ˵ġ
Ϊ̬һᳯԼֵġ
ϡ
˲ࡣڷͷȵľ
԰򷢾չĻʮа˾Լ֡
̾軬һĨ⡣


225 ̽

ϣǱͳƺԶĵݵòͳ֮
ԽǱнͻᷢԽԽ٣ҲٵС̯С
ֻܹһĨģббƮţͤͤдųǱĸ֡
ĿʱʱţȴûзǱʲôֵעĵط
ΨһĲԾžʱѾ˰顣ɫĮûʲô⡣
ǽŵġ
̳Ĺ⣺ӦòܹȥֻܹĽַûʲôϢˡ
Ƶ˵ͷȻ֪ŵǶھϸҲһŶ֪ЩظϸĹ۲š
Ȼ֪ٹ۲Щʲôܾĵ
羲ķ
ЩĹâ޷εڵʧ䡣
̺˲ٵʱ䣬ǲûѰҵʵھӡ
׼ȷ˵˶̸ܶǸ׼⣬һԵŮھǱ֣ʾԼܾش
ٲȻʧЧ֪Ǻá
ӣǱԹ⸱ģƺǲԸǺǺĻ
ֹ
޿κεĹһĨǳЦ֣ˣȻǲԸǵĻֻ뷨ӡ
һģʵȾơ
ȴƽϣЦƿǡ
˺ˣҲҪ飬̫⣬˵һϵûأϾôˣѵһרŽ𣿡
еĹ˸һ˶
Ȼ󿴵һߣѵóֵС̯СǺ«
æתŻ⣬˵򼸴Ǻ«ɡ
̵˵ͷѡһǺ«֮󣬱ǵ˼ͭǮС
û뵽СȻ˼
ĵڿ֮ų˾ҵ졣
ƾһ

̸Ͻʱû̺ɣ̺Ҫ̵飬Ȼȥ͵͵İڰԷһ
СĶ˫СһȻӱץסƵ
µ㻹ʲô˵ġ
ĻдŶݺݵв
̻ȻգۣһԳ˻֡
С鲢ǳ
ƻֵ̿ĵɴ˫ۣڸֻܹɪɪ
ôƣί׹ӡۿ
Ҳ֪˵ЩʲôҴûʶ㡭
ʱҲûиףСԼʲôʲôԹ
˵ǲŪʲô飿
СϽҡͷòܡһֲֻڵסƵĴ
ƸҶ˵ֻܹĵͷ
ǾǷʲô飿
ʲô¶û
Եúǻңȴϣţؼʱ̷㶯һ鲻Խ档
㾿ǣ
СҲԸ϶ᡣ
ǸϽүߡûϵ
ƺֻƵ˽˶Թ
Ҳ֪ԼʲôʱǹһͣʾԼû顣
ֺ˼ʾԼ޻֮
ֻ֪ץ˭
Ҳв
СȴƱĻŭˣץƵĶӵܹĲ϶һɫ˺ۡ
ƴԥҪš
ҲܹСŵֱ΢΢Ĳţǿţֳνģ
ƣҵȻ֪˭ʲôݣҪ𣿡
С϶Ļش𣬸֤ûô򵥡
ȻƵʱðգȻСĽţǣвĻƻǻΣա
ʱȥġ
ֻܹÿ
ɪҿɲ֪ʲôԲ˵飬ĻºҺúõһģֺα˴󶯸ɸأ
˵Щʲô
СñĵĲӣıƽš
Ƭ̲Ҷ˵
̺˵㹻ĵطʾ侲һ㣬Լǻ취ġ
ȻǳһԶԶҿĬĬһơ
ʱ֪δ
ģԤϵķ򣬼ɵнš
һ
ֻܹˡ
Ҳ֪ڳ̫΢вԼɥȪˣǺԹϱЮ֡
ȴû뵽ֱӱ֮ǰոűյĳǱ档
ԥƬ̵̣ʾ֮ƴ롣
ɻǣڵյģֻƾɸģһɹĶζ
沢ûκεˡ


226 һһ

ƺСƺƾʧ
˭ܹ뵽һǽ֮ĵطѾ廨󣬶Ҳεһ
ڸ˵֧֧ƴҪû뵽СֱһнΡ
侲һ㣬㻹
ԼıƤߣҡҡ
֮ǰαװΪƵˣǺһĨЦݡ
̿ζû뵽˻
֮ǰİӽǵäͭķ䣬ĵıɡ
ܹ̰ÿһطѰһ飬ҵģ
ɵЩЦ
ƺܣڻǲܹһ顣
ƾȳ
ĵغһĨǳЦ⣬ȵȷƺĴӳǱ˳ǻİŹϡ
ȴ⡣
һѵصɱ֣Ȼ̵ġ
ԣڵȣȵܹϸ΢ĽŲ뿪ǻڵ̵Χ
һķ
Ҳûƾȥˣ
ۼ࣬ƫƻڵ档
ǶЩԵҲκεټ
˼Ρ
ҲԼ㣬ԽԽ󣬵Ͻİˡ
ҲֻƽķԸصϢͨ񸮡
֮ͽԼĿƵԼĵ֮С
֮ǰ̫Ⱦ飬ٵĳ͢ǶȾ֮顣
ϾһĴûᡣ
ֺǸϵϸǡ
̿һЩȾʮмɵģֳŵȣݹЧĲֳͬ˲ͬļ۸
ȻĲ˹
̫ƾͷֻҪȾЧ¶˲֮أ
Ҵ֮ҲһӣװűʯİٱУ̫ʺµıһݡ
ڵˡҪˡ
̺һ˸æ
Ҳ뷨һεĲ֮Ҳǲİ̺ɷŵЯ
ȻĻĸҲһ
ƻҲ׾ٵıЮߡ
뷨Ǻõģֻû
˼΢΢һҲǾϽһµƹ񣬲Ʒзİ֮½СµƹֻҪǸ̵ģ˵ģܹ˳ûױƷȥͺá
Ҳǰ⻰̺˵ˣϣܹԼϽһʵƹ
֮Ŀ֮źֽһݸʾдã׺˵̵档
˹˶Դ˺档
̿ĹʺܸߣҲִķֺ췽ʽʹõнټɡ
ڵˮɣʹŶƽ˼Ҽµ֧ˮƽˡ
ֻϧ㽵Ͳѡı׼Ҳûпһʵġ
ɫ΢΢ĳԵЩ⡣
ΪôܹҵһʵƹӦúףûеôöûҵһ
̾ɥĴͷ
û뵽һλӣԴɫȥ
֬ˮ۵ϢŨ˸һЩĲӦ֮˸žĹâ
̡
ͬĿ⡣
˺Բǹ֬ˮ۵ġ
ʣµĿԾһǹӦƸƹġ
̺Ϊѣû֬ˮ۵ƹλӰɣңҲ̫˰ɡ
̲סСıԹš
ҡҡͷ
ֻȤ
ʲôأŮֻҪźµ
Դĺס
ȻܿһĨǳЦ
ƽǹӦƸ
ᡣ
ķһ֮ǰŮһЩأҪ֪Щ֬ˮأŮӸΪóŶԡ
ƽǳǳЦңĳ̶ֳϣ̵̬ȣûκεķУƽ
ΪԼӦƸ̬ȻͻǶ飬ǳǳ̸
дЩĽ̸͵š
̲òϺ̸һӵ飬Ϊܹÿһ󶼲ֿ˵ļ
Ҳ̸˺Ҫһ㣬ڹŴŮΪüݡ
ǵúܴĳ̶϶ӡ
ȻᳫĹ̶̰ӡһʱܹ֮ĵġ
ֻܹԼױƷʱȥЩµĸˡ
û뵽ظɻȻźͬҲ顣
ӿ֮ǰ־ҲֻΪɽ
̺һļϡ
ȻĻƹ񡣡
Ҳǰѳ͵Ѹٵĺ̸ףȻǩֵĻѺⶨһݺԼ


227 

˳İѺͬǩܾ֮һʯͷҲˡ
ֻõ˦ƹȻĵĵȴе󵽴ԼֶΪأ
ĺ˼׸ܺá
СiҲһʾ
ˣʱעһ㣬ö׬һֵĻҲܹøǿء
۾Բһת
СiǿʼɹƭԼŷӵĿʼ׬ȡˣǵȷͬ˵ܹ˳׬ȡֵĻմ档
Щ棬ѯʵѵϵͳ׬ȡĻֻܹҽЩĻǴİɡ
˵Щ߿Ƽӵ˿Ļܶ⼴ӭж⡣
Сi޿κΡ
˵ֻܹȡߵȼĻֵĻȻǲڻµģֻڼƣСiʱܹشϢһ׼ȷĴ𰸡
ðɣ˵˵û˵
̲ɵЩԹַԸ̺׼ͬʱСiĶԻҲûκεͣЪ
˵˵׬ȡĻǲ޶ȵأ˵ȼĻҲĽչˣ
ǰ˵ⷬ⡣ԸĻСiڿΪúõĽһʵһοչ˾Ȼ֮ҵϵͳӵµķ֧
ͬһֻװһбֱɣһвСӣͬĵطŲͬĵ·ÿһ˵Ķһ޶޷ͻ
ĵ˵㡣
˵ĻСiһҽϵͳҲԿҽѧģطĳ
˵ոϵͳ֮õȡ׼ȷ˵Ͳҽѧͳ
ҲС
СiԼϵͳɣҲǸϽ˵
˸Ͻͣ˵Ժļųϵķչأ
˵š
ȴԻ
Ͳܹ͸¶һϢҾ֮ʲôҲжԲԣ
СiֻЦЩ֣־˵ĺе
㹻˹ܡȱ˵УȻʱҲ׸ϵƸӵ顣
ǺСi棬һһ˵š
ҲҪ棬СiǿΪһһġȻϲĻСi͸ˣȵһ֮˾Ϳΰ˲Ӫļܡ
ͨ׵˵ҽѧһ֧Ӫʦ
ҽҩʦܹ˻壬ܹ˳ĻҲӭж⡣
Ͼ˲ӪķĻܹԼںǿ塣
˸Ź⻪
˵ȲСiСiȴԥĸһưˮ
ûеô򵥣һεһżһϵͳӦ ֵ֮ϵͳֻᷢ츲صı仯һľֵ֮ǰֵ
˵ڴƺҲں棬һϴܹ֮ʲô
̵˵ͷȻ޷СiǣСiоԼǱĸͷ­һ
ȻĻĿԴɡ
̶ԼʮģңСi˼Σܹ㹻ЧҩӦĻеġ
ֱڴġ
֮ǰƽĴ֮ɢȥ
̵ĺȴûгãһܹΧѹѹ̵һȺʿ
Щʿ뾫Ļͬ
ɫĻԵ÷Ĺ죬չб֮ɢĹ⣬ɱޱȡ
̺Сѵõıֳˣ֪롣
ν˽ȥ
û¡
ȻЩɻ󣬵λͰ
û˻ôȻү³֡
ĵһĨЦ⡣
׼Ŷʱȴһλϵŭ
˻ơ
ԺϸһȷԼûЩԻ
̺˺˼
̴ݲȵ˹ȥһЩΡ
ǰһλߣǿѹסԼŭİ׺ӣѾ̵òӡ
ͣȴߴޱȡ
ηվߵǰӱ䣬ͬӥ
ҲֻпɲǼɢǳĹ⻪
ӨӨ
΢˵ˡ
̴ݲȵס֣ҵȻˡ
Цʮֵڿ֮У׾ٵĸȾˡ
ȴûκεĶݡ
Ŀ˵̵ϡ
ЦҲʪ


228 ߲

˲ʱıԲ֪ʲôģܾ鲻˼򵥡
ĵüͷϸϸĴһ
ȴΪЩ֣̿ݲȵǰϸϸס֣ͬҫһĴߵǰ
߱Ͷ̽Ŀ⣬ǵĿⶨ̵֮ϣ̾ŭɼŭ
̣
˻ơ
̲Ե̧Ҿǡ
ʶûб¶򵥣ʹݲƺҲ޿κΣԼȥ
˵ޱȡ
ǳǳһЦϣʶαض˵ˣ϶̶ûκεĹϵҪҪҵĻ͵ȥҽϵİӰ󡣡
üͷһ塣Ʊܵôֳ˽棿
˿¾ҵȨ䳡˵Ӷʮʱҹ˵ȫ
֮Ȼǧǧͽ١
ȴһֱİȫ
̧ͷɵЩã
Ǿû뵽ֱӵǣ֮С
䳱еҪǿտһܹܵͬ˽Ĵڰһ
ꡣ
˿η塣˵ͨ͸賺ǧķ곯бɫģֻɺӡ
Щ鱾ͲģȻǸ⣬Ϊҵ⵼鳯ķչ
˵⻰ʱĿǺεġ
ʱܹôĻ
Ʋ䵽³ǲԼᱻ۸
쭣ǻˮƣ
ųҲӦǸˣȻûκεĹϵ˵һܺߣȻйʧǲĻҡ
˵йճĻȣھĵ֮¸Գء
΢΢´¶ˣǡôھΡ
һȴ˶ֻ΢΢ڹǱϮ
̿ס϶
ɫһ䣬΢΢סļɳݲȵİֽѹֺαѾ˵ˣųҲ˶ֻۣŵĻʧȥ˳ıɫ
жȡ
֪֪̿ܲ
Ų־ȨģȻѾϵˣ֮ʱһɾ񲿶ӡѵо仨ˮ
һս
ڵ϶ҲǼ
ҲǽжȣȻ׻϶֮ģԡʤ֮ҲǸĴݲȣֱӵǻؼҡ
֮˴ͲմϳǷǷǣֻʱһЩҵ
ҶǴʥϵš
ԣ϶ֻԽԽ⡣
ηӭֲɵӣȻܹףԽȴ䳾;ԽǺ۸
Ըɴһ㡣
ĵ̧¶һĨ伥΢Ц
ҴĿڡЩģҵһʱ䶼ŰݷãԼĴΪҲʲôų򡣡һЦǲһҲΪĪеĴ󡣡
ʱƱͬһ㣬ƵȼߣȻ䳡಻
ʱĵ˵ͷζΪƱ˰һ
صŮҲļ̳ˡ
ڱֳĽάȵ̬Ҳʵȣδ֪ľ֮ˡ
СѾͷͬ˵һҲ޷أҲϷϷõԭ򡣡˵ӱģһ˦֮лɱϢ
һСƿӱǶĴڵ
ԽԽ䣺ҲҵϢӰĸ̡
ѵõ¶ɻ̡
Ҳǲ֪գԼˮĴ۾
ôأ
ʲôʱͱ˰Ӱĸ
˭һ£ʲô飿
̳ЦǺǵ˵ǲǲѯʲôϢôܻӡ
Ե÷Ρ
ôԼͻȻ˰ӰĹأ
Ǳ˹Ƴһ·
̺ܿˣοʼƣҪݺԼ
Ʊ˰ߣȻǻ䳵Ĺĺ׷ֻ΢ĶԼܹĻʹǰӰ
Ȼƻľ͸¶ҵ˿
䳾ͻᷢһ˵Ϣ
̾ȻǰӰĸһжȻȻ
ɣĬĬη
Ļ֮Ҳûô


229 ͽ

֮ɱζҡ
䳴ݲȵĸԼװĺӣ㾿ԸԸһУϷѾˣҲö˵
Ȼԩޱȡ
һʱͷ˵϶һڳ˴ֻҪԸȥĻȻҲǿԲ鵽ҾʱʲôͰӰûκг̶ϵĽ
ݲȣôථ书ˣҪôݺҲԲݺֵز
ĵ̧ۡ
ȴЩ˼
ȲЩ֤ݾǲġ¶⸱飬Թ֤ʵжô
ѵһв
Բǡ
кܿķ뷨ǰŮ˵ĻԼ²֤ݡ
Ϸ򲻻ġ
˵˻֮˦׼뿪
ѵȴ˵ľŭı
뻹ҪЩʲôȴ䣬ҡҡͷ
ҪһеĻҲǧҪڣľٶֻ΢Ĳһ㣬ɥȪĻ᲻ɱ˱˳أ
ڣ䳵ܼ
һʱ֪Σղ档
主ԼĻ֮дЩʾԵԪء
վ䳵ǰָĶİʾȫĶΪԼһ
Щͱȫʼʱ
䳾ͻ侲
ң仰ûд
һԽǹģԽײԡ
̳һڻŵ𣿻Ǿһжҵ⣬ǾðӰĸֻһ䴫̣
ƺԺڱĺˮԼŭȫȻȴڻعԣú
̻˵ĺȷ
ôĻԶԲϡ
һĸǾԲܷڵģôıµĻҲԲԼʩչڹһɲǣ¶ܶƣȱ㡣
Щһϰ˲ܴڵ顣
䳷뷨һ
Ȼûڽ䣬ҽľһԵЩ˼
֮ǰϷеˡ
һԻգ˷ʥͣ޹Ҳƽϡڱ˰ܣȻ˰æѰҡ
ϾҲ̶ѡ
ǡôĲ䣬˻ĵ˵ͷ
̽ס֣΢Ļһ
ոյĴߺͰʾķĲٵľھôЩȱʶĺһɪϥǡ
ȴΪⷬΪ֮ǰԼȵѹԵЩ˼ͷ
û°ɣ
ѯʡ
̸Ͻ˰֡
ֻͷЩΡΪ̫æˣ֮ǰ˱Ϯ飬һʱ֮仹ûл
塣
˵ͷȻȻİԼĻ
ʱĲ˼
֮ǰʵϷĴֻǾʲô˼
Ҫݺҡ޿κεĳŴǣҪݺĻⲼ¾ֵ˾֣ҲİӰĸ
Ӱе˶Ӱȥٵģֻڽɱ˵ʱŻټ
Ĳ˵֮ǰ˵ֻ˵Ψһܹϵǵķǰɱˡ
̶ʱ⡣
ȻĻ߳
Ȼһƽϣֻӵصֻܹˡ
Ϊ˾Ҳ˼
˵ĻⰵɱȻˡ
¶һĨЦݡ
Цꡣ
ȻϺĿһ£վ͵úúõһϷ˿ֻĻ֮Ӧɣܹ´ﰵɱ
ֻҪˣκεľ绪ѾΪ췽ҹ̷
ͬĵͷ
ɫ׹
ȴѵõĸֳꡣ
ڸûκεϢԽǾԽã
˵һʮĸСʱ֮ڶûϢֻӴĿԡ
ڹŴȴڲִĳʶжһεİܰ
ֻܹ
ʲô֤ݶû𡭡
ŸͬƹЮ
ڣ޿籩ϯͬɫһ㡣
ڴʱסա
ϷĥšЩ飬ҲΪĵΨһ֧
ͳԸУĶΧš
ġ
¹ӳ֮£ӰҲõʵο塣
ٿĵӡ


230 

һ㡣
ĵÿһ綼Ϊš
һжõģѾԸȥˡΣƶƽƽ
ס֡
ȻĳŵֻĿ΢Ĵ֮ʱ
ɡ
Ȼ˵Ҳ֪Ļףʲô뷨ȻԣıȡȥˣΪ̶ǰӰĸĻ»ү
Уÿһ仰Ϊ뿼ǡ
봵˳ֻĳ
̶õЩһбźˡ
ֻǳǳ¶ǳܹĪĵɵķ
˵ͷ
Ҳᰴļƻ˳нţʱ
㣬ܹ˳˳ϡ
û뵽黹û㴦ȹʦ
Z̧ۡ
̫ӵ¡һ񣬶ԸһԵ׼ϺõĲˮдһλ
ȻﲻĪģôдǲܹġ
֪̫ӵ½ǰν£ҪүĻԵƬ̸̡Ƶĵһүȥãڻûл
ZЦһûĵ˵ûлĻ̫žֻҲû뵽ȻˣȻȱ£ڽҲԼ
һ䣬ĵľǷ顣
ڿԼľҪΪʵ
ԣ㻹ǰ˶ˣתˡ
˵ҧгݡ
ȴڳһԵģһеŹӡ
̶֪̫ӴǸʲô˼Σ̫ô룬̶Ҳס
ڳˣһӦģ
Zȴݼãܹе˶ת˷Ļ¡
üͷ
ǰҲΪһ顣һ鲻Ļ̫Ӿͻǰ˵Ҫ

ڴʱոմͥһġʱ䣬ĸոպá
ԽҪ˵Щʲô
ƵԱߣһоԲ
Ǳ춫ľԲ˵ԹȥƢܲֻܹŶӵȺ
ٹӶľԲǧһЦ
Z⸱ģŭ䲻Ƶ˼㣡룬ԼҲ᲻֪ߵЫ˵ݾʲô
ԹаƲҴľ壬ӰУݷɱʹа
ڽ֮УҲа̴ɡ
̾ȻǰӰĸ
Ҳ벻ףڵĶ
Ҫˡ̶ýȢķˡЦ
ԲӣϢڿ֮С
䳳һʱ䲻֪Ǻã˵Щܶԣܾﲻζ
һҡҡͷѨ֮£̫ӵȻ˽ȥһ˳ӡ
ZֻﰵﶼڷԼɵôЩŭ˵ʲôڳ̫ӣ
ЦЦû϶ֻǶһ໨С룬һһڵĸιžԲ
Zвˬǡ
Ȼڤ粻ĻȻʥZһЦ뿪
̰ĳһھԲҲ
֣µۣҪǲ֪˿̫ӵ뿪ڵģҪǷ̫ӵ²Ǯء
˵޿κΡ
Ҳ˵ĶͷѵõĳһĨЦ
Ǿ촦ģֻ
̰ѾԲԵĸɸɾĴ֡
ʵҲûʲô飬ĻףԤ뵽ү£ɿø֪
ҲúԴУڣʤ׷
Ȩǵ
ҾȻ̫ӵһ飬Ҳȥһ˻ʹ
˸ԣ
̶ѵȥĸ
ĵ˵ͷҲ뷨ܹѸٵҵ̫Ļ
̫󽫳Ϊı
Ȳ˵
̫ȨλȿԱȻǲȥұ˵ġ
ͬ뷨
ھԽӼѣۺҲֻ̫һˡ
˱ǿӱ˻ʹ֮С
ɱձ֮ǰŨ
Ҳ֪ǲĴܾ⼸Ѿߺ̫࿴񶼴ž衣
ѵ˵ЩѾ˹
ԽԽëȻĻӢôıµĻǸöԸˡ
Ѿ·ˡ


231 

΢罥ķ
ĵģЦĵĶѷڲĲˮ
ֻˮġ
ҲŪ飬Ȼ¹˵ãܹ˳ͻ鷨Ļأ鷿ڸֺαزͷ¶β
ʮ㡣
һŮЦЦ
书УȻǱȲϵġǣƿѵͲ𣿡
Ǽƻ߳ðӰҵЩĶ
䳱ŵģû뵽ûŰݷ˾Ͳ
书˵ãܹ˳鷿֮ڲ鷨Ļء
û뵽ľȻõİӰɲ
䳶ڰӰȻָƵģĴػʿΪһŮӡ
˵ĺóľغ
ڽд˵һ˰̡ԱΪɲ
˵жһأᶯ޹Ůӣ
ҲΪƻĳַƱ֮С
˵Ҳԣ˵Ҳȫԣϵⶨģڴ˹Σ
Ӱɲĵ˵
ƵҲԼΣա
֪ͨҵϢѰҵҵأɲѾƵ˶˵ĻҲˡ
˻ͷһ˵Ļ
ں˹ͬݡ
¾Ȼ˵ֶΣɲֻ½ҵңΪ˵Щ⣿
Ȼǲġ
ֻҪܹҵɽѩҾͷ
˵˻֮ޣƺȫȻʧܱյĿռ֮ڡ
üͷ
ʹһƵ˿ߣֲռĲͬطϸѰţôҶҲˡ
ԣд󺧣ɲʵܺࡣ
ȻĻҲڰбˣΪļ̳ˣٶĴҲֵõġ
ɽѩ
һ˥ϰ̾ϢɢеÿһطС
䡣
ֻһ̫޹֮С
ھſڵȺţֻڵ֮ǰһ
˵ҲЦױȵȨǣһ߷Χ֮⣬ܾԼҲһ
Ŷ롣
ЦЦ̫ƺ֪һС
ѾͷҪǲʲôҪ飬ѵͲ׼ع˼𣿡
ѵĻеҪʡ
ڵ̫һ˼һ
ĵ˵ͷԵò˼̶̶ʱæ
ϵ־ĸȴܹ̫ܵû֮ǰǰˡ
Ȼ˵ĻԺöң˼˵˵
̫Ҳòϡ֮󣬸оԼ޹ٶȻص֮ǰģ
һԵĹŮС˵ʺ
̫˵ùɫûκεı仯ֻѹš

еĸӼ
ŮΪѡ
Ȼ˳̫˼ȻĻֺαظԼҸ죿
ֻҪùŮ̫˼ȥͺˣʺô죬ҲʱԹŮʹɫ
̫̾Ե֡
ټĻʹ֮УڶĵҲֻһ֮ű룬̫̫ˡ
ֻһ˵̫λӣʧȥʲôһʱ侹˵ˡ
ЦЦץһԵĿĹϸϸĸſǡ
Ȼ̫üįĻ̶̶Ͷ߶߶롣
ȻģѰõĿĹ̫ģ̫󻺻һ㶣Ȼ¶һʮе΢Ц
¾ݣ¿ʼ
ôͻȻⳤҹҲΡ
ֻЦ˵Ҫ㰧ҵĻСΪҪˣĵĻ㰧ҲǺõġ
ǿ
ĵ˵ͷʱ̶Ҳûʲô飬Ѿһµչֻõ˦ƹͺˡ
ڵ̸۵룬¶һӦģǵ̫һЦ
үҹ͵ġһҲ٣һҲ٣ڹܹ̫ĻЧʹͬˡ
ĻＫȾԡ
˵ĺ̫֮һԸһ⡣
ôԣ
ֻ֣˵˼Ư˵ܹõֵƵĻ
̫ȴû˽ģְһߣԵġ
ֺαˣȻԸŰҵĻҲСǡ
죬ľһɲ


232 ʺв

ŷơ
ͻȻĬƬ̣̫󾿾жȰ
֮УȻһĶӳΪΪˡ
Ҳ˼ݣջֻоضûа
ҲԺں̵ܰһ㣬ܹеϲŭ֣εı¶ûκεİķС
ֱ߳һɲ̲ŻȻԼǰ£ִֻͷ­΢΢ҡ
ɡ
Դʧ˳Ϊ̫ѵˣĸǲ˵˺ֵܶĻҲǧҪ⣬ĸһԸ񡣡
ģֻһȥͰеȫȻԸں̸̫Щ̷ֲľΣԸЩ̸۸̫
Ȼ˵Ļ̶ҪűȻİ취ܹ㡣
ˣĲ̡
̼ȻԸҵ̫ĻҲķӿɰ
ʹû뵽ʺѾûκεȾ
֪֪
ס֣һ͡
ڡ
ʺĿⴹȥ
֮ǰ̵Ĺ龫жϲеĺøͳͳ͡
ʹŮǾԲܺͽϹϵģǰӰ
ʺ֮ǰ֪Ӱ󾿾ʲô
Zһ֪ԭ
̾ȻͰӰϹϵ
һͬһĿ⣬ϸĴ̡
û뵽㻹ݣͶĹ
뻤ǰ
ĸֺα˲ʵ˶ۣ໹ûвϣھ̶ۣʵ̫ƽ
Zҧѳݡ
һĺûᡣ붼ԹԵİѰѱ͵Լǰв׵ĵ
ѵܵڻԸѹմôѪɱôˣ׾ٵĽ𣿡
еıߴﵽ˼㣬һΪӡ
̽γͬȡһö˭û뵽Ȼɱ˷ϵȺš
̶мҪ˵һǡ黹ûгˮʯ֮ǰ벻ҪɫĿ⿴ҡ
Ȼڱ㻳вţȴûбֳκεĺºͽš
ĿƵĳŵ֮ʱ
η塣
߬ߡ
ȴԵòĿ⣬ְĺͻʺĿ
ƺǰĿ⻯˵ûԸѡ˳
̶ǸɾģûմȾκ˵ѪеĻҲӦá
̧˴ǡ
ɱˣҲκεĴ⣬ǲΪޣΪ⡣
紵òӳ֮ԵøӰ
һ԰æ˵һУֻһ̶ôˣûвʲô⡣
ʺĿɶ
ZȴԸŹõʱ
Ϊڰ֮УԸʵ
ȲҪ˵ĸ࣬û뵽֮ǰյ޹ͻȻĴ򿪡
̫ȻһЦƺոױһ֮ǰ׷ԲԣںŨܣڴ̫Ĺٷϡ
泳ǾͲ𣿡
硣
ǳǳЦЦಽȥ
ѵľǸС
̫ϲĴ棬ϲĻ
ԣץסᡣ
ȻҪ۳ʲôõĻȥ˵滹ñ˿Ц
ʺȴЩͬĸ󡭡Ǽ¡
ȻҲ֪̫ĳ谮Ľ̫Ļһᶼûˡ
ҪԼĶ·ء
̫ȴ˵ʮ棺ѵ鶼ܹˣ
ЦţЦ¡
ʺֻܹͷ
һ
̫࣬ҲԸĻٻ飬תתƵ˻ʺϣΪ˸Ķ·϶伫
ͷβֻǸ֣ϣַܹʽů֧֡
˵˵ҡ
ڳ֮ϵ
̳һЦүҲҪԼĵƣЩ飬ү̶ܹĻЩҶܹĺá
Ϭһ̧üǲµ뷨÷㡣
֪ԼΡ
öõֵõģȫȡᡣ
ҲԼĵƣڻûչء
һξѾˣĻҲС
羲Ƶڿ֮ƳһУɢܽǵķ塣
խķ֮ڡ
ʺϵĿɢ䡣


233 һ

ٶ˽
ȴ̫Ѿ˷츲صı仯֮ǰ̫ǴȰģڣһƹܵľ֡
ʺĵ̣ϿУ˵Ӧ˼Уڣ⣬˾úõһ󡣡
ʺ󴽽Įֿ̱
ZһԲɫĵ˵ͷڿơ
ЩϡŹֵ˼
˵Ҫܹȥ˾úõһĻ
˵ʵҲа취˵ԼҪġ
ǹһĨЦ
ô׾ԸԳ
΢΢ĴĿ⣬ݲȣʺֺα˵أ˭˵ģǻʺҲ֪ЩǷԷûʵԵ֤ݡ

ȻҲб뷨һҪ˵ȻĽΪӦʡ
Ŀᡣ
ѵĸҲ˺󹬲øһ𣿡
ʺǵЦݶʱĳԵ÷⽩Ӳû뵽Ȼҵһڹѹһж޹ؽҪ
Ҫľһ·
̲òΪӡ
ZҲһǳǳİǻ˵̵ݵλ⣬ֵ˳֮ϣ³Ҳϣ˽½ظҲġ
ҰԾȻֽϡ
̫󷴵ڴʱһãǲҪͰ˵ЩҵĻ˻̶Ѿͷ˼ͨ͸񡣰ҲʲôǾͲҪڿá
̫͸һģѾΪ¶ɵĶŭ
֪ԼԴС
Σ̶ǾòԼû飬ʺ̫ӵҪĻòĸװף֤֤
вա
һҲν
Ŀƴ´µĴ
еĹġ
ȻڳЩκ΢Լһ
̫Ŀɨˣ˼ĵ˵ͷһģ֮ǰԼйͬʹࡣ
̵ġ
ĸ󡣡ʺ֪Լܹ̫ǻһһ۰չ˵ȻˣҲĸ뷨ȥĻûйزɷԲ
û̫Ҳȥһ˾
Zץס˻ᣬ˾Ĳٵ֡
Ҫȥ˵Ļͱ׼޻ء
Ȼ֪뷨˶Σȷʧ˹أȻĻʼҵϾͲɿˣǲЯһͬ̽ľ
䣬Ͷݸһе̡
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
õĽʽˣֻҪˮʯҲܹϴԼɣ̫Ը
䲻ʲô⣬𣬶Ҷ֮;ҲĪӰ졣
ȻԸ⿴⸱龰
̶κεĵ飬ֻЩС˻û¡
̫Ϊ˾Ͻǵ֮зţҲܹȻ
壬ƺȸһִ͸
΢΢ĵͷ֮ҲԼ뷨
Ҳá̫ԸԼּ⣬룬Z˶㣬ز࣬ҲСһ
̶Ѿͷȥһ˾ȥ¼ͻɡ
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ڲܹ̣ǣ˾ɻķˣԸͷҲʲô¡
Ƶһ
˾
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Ŀⵣǣ̶ɵСһЩ֮ǰѶˣһĻ죬ѶҲᱻʹһЩķ
Ȼ֮ǰ̫ѾȷıʾԼ˼ȻҲ֪˾вZ߹
ֻܹ͵
佲ءֻܹĬĬĵȴţȻڽܵϢĵһʱ䣬Ըȥͨϵ
һεı¼Щδ
ȴԵν
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ˣһһ¥ĿѼء
չ¶һ΢Ц֮ͷҲص˽ȥ
˾һжںڵġֻ׺ǵǰ
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ȴúɻ󣬴ͷβû˹кԼҲֻһֱͨ
ܶǽżᷢ֨֨


234 Ѷ

òܿһţŲܹѯб޲ߵ
ƽŮɫ԰һƬͬѰ
ԣʹĴСпɱϾࡣ
ƿŵʱ򣬱ǿɴ˫ۣɻȴη
˵峺鶯
̧һһѯʵɾ̣
һ¹ӣҲںݵλ
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ˽ûйѯʡ
Ŀ鲻ԽѶķ棬ټķ䱻ֳСӣͬŴһ㡣
СѾ˷ˣǴŻҰ·дֵķˡ
ڱͬѶš
Ϊ̵ģ¾мһһ׷ԲԵͷ·ѾƾɵĲӣѪӿ˺ۺǱ´ġ
ı޳šһ˿
ԭе
̫֮ǰչֻ¼ģô۾ҲԲ̫ͷ϶
ܰȫ
ȴɵķŭ
δ˲̵ģ
ɫȴûκεĲͬеɤκεĲЩ˲Ը˵࣬ȻһЩǳϡ
п㲻ʲô¡̺˵ӵõΪǵ࣬ѵ𣿡
Ŀⴿ罣
ȴͬˮһ㣬ûκεĲ
ⷬˣһԣѯŷͷдű¼ĳλע
Ϊһ·Ȼȡûõ״ԪͷΣôҲ
һĳӡ
ȻżԼоԼΪǵᱻﱻͬڿȴӡ
ĿⲻɵĴ˱¼֮ԼֲŵһߣĿ̡
֮ǰҲ˵ԣ˵ҪĴӣ
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ܹܵһ޵ڴԼǳĿȥ֪ûκεĶ֮󣬱ηˡ
ĿһȤ
˼ƶߵɵԱߣߵİѾˣͺʹһӣ
ɫûκεĲֱӵ
á
Ĭԣνʼ硣ɵãҲţܹ̾˵֮³Źغأ
ЦЦǶӦߣȷˣҪЩʲô
û䣬ټٵĲ˵׼òĴ𰸣ƹҵĻȰǻ˰ɡ
һԴӳȥ밲ȻĽ飬ȥһԿѼ
ȴִ䣬ᡭ
ֻƣķ˸ۣȻʵİеϢ߸
֮ǰ˿ͰӰİӰɲйһٵƱһ龿Ƿʵ
̶֪Ӱɲ˭ûм棬Ρ
ҪЩ˵ҺһȻĪеǾԲϵġ
ƵЦЦһָ˵Ҿұˣ˿ҺɲнǮ׵Ϊܹ˵ʲôأ˵һǰӰ˵ҾǻǮأ
ɫûκεĲЩϢȫļ¼ڰ
ȴǰС绢һƤ׺ݡ
˼ŮӰѻǮ˵ֱ׳ģɵĸ߿˼֣Ȼ
ǳصģȻǲܸ߸ģǣһԵ֤ݣץһӰˣ˵Ǹ
ôǰӰˣԼϵһ˵ԼǰӰĸأ
Ȼǲ߽κһѯ֮еȦףܿĴЩȦȦ˳¶һĨ΢Ц
֡˵棬ǰŮ̫ݣ˵ô࣬еûֻǷѿѣֱӰҹʣĽʽ
бһֻۣ֪ڵҲҪʲôӡ
Ц⻰˵ĻǺЦвյģֻ˵һ˿ĿԣܻǰӰĸҿûзʲôɱ˷Ĵ
ɫ۾
֪ҪǵĹأǲԶרᣬҲҵ뷨ҵȻȻԼкβأ
ڣͬӺһͬϮ


235 Ųѷɫ

һԱеķǺͳǣҲ鲻ԽͶ˺Ŀ⣬δ˵ǿʤŮӡ
ͦúֱֱ׳
һȫڵӰͱɪɪĹڵϡ
̳Ŀ⣬ϸĴһӼۣǸʮСꡣ
ĿӴ̣һɲǣޱȵĻ̿֡
һͷ
С˵ͷȻְͷϽĴȥԸ˵һ仰
һҧԼȴּ˼Ŀ⡣
ݵλΣܹȷǰӰˣ˭Ҫݺҵ𣿡
˵ĺܼ򵥡
ĵ˵ͷ֮ǰһӰķ֧ץסˣȻǲġ
˼֮Ϸԥš
˵һӴһ˲䣬СС꾭˶ʹ࣬΢ͬĻת˲š
ͬһɱ˷СǴж
ڰӰķ֧澿кְλ
䲻ѯк⣬ȻǸôСͣ书һȻֻǸֵµĆ
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ܹҥһҪԭǰӰޱȣǰӰĸͷβģԶûдйϢ
Ůһ⡣
˵ֻһ΢С֧ӰҲûбҪ˵ûɶԴİɡ
٩٩̸ɫġ
˵ĺеҪ˵ˡ
Ȼкָ֤ܶÿ֤ݵĿǴɵġ
ȴûôԵָԣȰЩ˵һһļ¼ֽ֮Ȼʵʧٱһʱʲôİɷ߱٣
̾ЩûʲôҵʱڳǶô϶Ҳ鷢ࡣ
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Ǽٵģһģȴû˵ƣȻ˻ѳѸٵ뿪ʵ˻ߺų
ϵĿϸ̣ϣΪ¶Щڸġ
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ЩǺĲ²⣬ûκε֤ݣȻǲϵġ
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ôҲԺĻɣԵݵһϷư֮Ͱ״ҵϡ
ƵЦЦԼ˵ĺе
ղɵ΢
֮ǰѶ˰սʤɣЩͷۣδѲŮӣ˵ÿһ仰ĵϸ׷
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ʺֻҪҪĽں̡
ֻɵĿִһԵĽҪдĻȻڱ¼һЩֽţдһЩջԵ֡
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ҿҲûʲôֵҪĵط˰ɣ¼Ҳˣǡ˵ǳǳģȻҲǿ˶ߡ
۾ʶ顣
ΪѣѾԤʾĲԾˡ
Լ뷨ƾɵӣףȻһ֮ģǲûʲôȨ
ԵĻӦνչҲЩѰζ
޿κεĿЦһ
¼Ѿˣذɡ
ͬʱҲǼɵ̫֮ǰ־ҶκεĶ
³ȻѾҹ¹һɢҲܱڻ谵ĵƹİ
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ûµġǵС壬סҵġ
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뿴һ۾գţҲһů
ֻϧܰ͵ĳûгá͸оԼˡ
˭
΢ү
Щԥ˼롣
мۣ֮ͬ⳯͢ߣжܹأѭ
֮ǰĻѾĿࡣ
׷һʵˣе˷ܡ
֮ԣݱĹâ
΢һ֮顣
áͬ£ȫȻϮ


236 ȷ

¥ڳЩ΢
뱾ƻǺ̳ԸͣȻ˵Լ⡣
˵ͨһ㣬Ĵʱиݺֱ룬Ѿ³ʱ򣬻ҪԼ̸̸顣
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ȻûʶԼĲԾѰ˼ڲЧҵʱܲ˾ſ̸İɡ
ȻȻ͸¥
ĿʳɢԼ㣬ӵмϺõĿѼ
֮ǰԹһοѼԼ⣬ͬѼһԸȥ
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ĳһѼ̲֮´ʵΪͻȻ뷨
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ãԼʱôھͱأ
ԵЩߡ
Եò֪ˣڡҲԣҲԡ
֮ǰļ⣬˵ĺеںڰˣҲӦйŶԣÿ̰֮ڷˣѰνȨƸе档
ԽԽԼ֮ǰѲһ¶˾ĵĻĻ㡣
ȴûͷӵĳԴףԭСӹ뷨
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ΣڵһƬģǱȴҪ˲š
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Ҫܹ˵Ҫ˳Ļƻúõ˼һֻһԱ
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ҲԼ˵档
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ݲȵ߿˼֡
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̹ɵĳ˸ոʳ¯ǴＹ
ȴŵһɴζζɲǴǴϴģԼ롣
үڳһЩĪķɴˣ
΢΢ĳ˳ԵЩ˼
̹ϵĵ˵ͷ
̵û뵽˵ֱӣү
е㲻ˬ
ôľͶԼȤأո˵ӡ
üͷ
үС˼㣬ôһĪĴ׶Ҫԡ̹ϣòһСһϲԴ׵ģ㵽˶塣
ֻүĲˡҪԱŵĻ֮ǰѶʱҶ֪˭ҪЩʲô
һʯͷȴûиһ䡣
ƱûĻ֮ˣҪء
ԣƵȫҪһʺš
ס֣Ҳա
ȻȻ˼¶ҸĿ⡣
ү̶ⷬͷˡ˵˻֮Ϊ˻գһ⣬Ҳ˵иϷŻݳ̶Ҳ뿴һ
Ծò ׾ͻˣĲ
ǵĻܻ⡣
ǿֻЦݣκξܾĻﶼ˵ֻܹеķԸִΰ⡣
ǳǳ̧ͷס̶֣ȥĻһȥɡ
Ҳʱ֮еĻҲá
ڴ˱¼⣬ѵõĳߣҲΪ֮ǰɡ
ĬĬţס֣ͬõԼһ㡣
˳¥ӭǵ̻ҹ֮йЮʰ쵵ĵ׺ͳ


237 

ڻʱ򣬽ϴδô
ڡ
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ȴû뵽һֵĹԶϸϸĴ˹
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û뵽Ļں档
һֱƾɲľ¥֣ڱʩħһ㹴̺ڡ
Ҳû뵽
ôͻȻˣ
ζ
һԺĵ˵ͷԵЩΡ
ȷˡܾû˵ʲôζ
֮ʱܵʲôٻ֮ǰʵϷ̨ӣ㴫һĺȲʡ
Ǵ˵еϷš
̴δ˸ʵӼĿһһ׳ǵһ𣬱һݡ
һλȺŮӣһǳɫѣںȹڶҡҷ峺Ĺâ
еǧǳ
ȴЩ졣
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Ů赸ţ̷ܹȫò˾
ҡҡͷ̶϶ǿˡܷܷӦñ˿ýģ⣬ôĶ˳ȥ
˵ĺе
ȴûô򵥣üͷҪͺˡ
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ܷܷӦúõģӦ
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һʱҲ鲻ԽĹ˹ƣѶȵϵܹõ
ͣϢ
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кһģһ˫̥ȻĻ޷ڿһС
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Ҫǰ
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ЦԲ
ӿ϶ܷܷ
ȴɵһۣԵѵСһ㣬ûô򵥣ܷܷǲ书ģûϰ˸Ѷȵ赸˵Ǹٵġ
ҵȻ֪Ŭ˵ԼתȥķϺܷܷһģһ
ῴ
Ȼ˵ΣҲȥһ顣
壬ͬš
Ҳ˼ƽϣԸȥһ̽
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ȻҵĴΪΣһŶ÷Źȥ
պ˷ִ֮һ
ɴҹעߡ
ܷܷ˹ðӣΪʲô
ѰȻǲ֪ܷܷ⸱ģĹαװ֮αۼ
ǿԼ侲
ĸĶͷ¡
ҡֻǺܵġֹ
ûܿľͰϢ˳·˵ѾˣϷŵƣ˳˿˲飬ӦǰӰˣŰӰͨõƼǺš
뷴û뵽˴۸ӣͳζһ䣺ϷˣɺͰӰʲôǣ𣿡
ߵ˵õϢŮΪʧûа취ϷšԼռϢһֲ¶Ϸŵ˲֪飬ֻǾ赸׺ܺãҪ׬ǮͬʱԼʧɢĶӡ
ӣ
Ҳһ𾪡
̶ûпѾǸѻĸˡʱҲܷܷʱԲϺţֻѵĺܷܷһģһ𣿡
Ųôɵ飬ֻһп޷鶼Ϊ
Ŀ롣
ס֣ġڻ֪ǾЩʲôҰ
˲䴹Ȼ׳һ⡣
ɷ֪Ҫﶺã
졣˵컹һѲݡ֮Ҫˡ
ɫءûô򵥡
Ҳ뷨ǾȥһǾҪЩʲô¡
еɻʼû˿԰
ܷܷŮӰ˸Ӵŵġܲ˵ܷܷĸװɣ
ԺһϷ
Ŀ֮вɵĴ


238 Ŀ

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ҹ˿ֵĿռ֮УЩͨ͸Ϣ
ĿתڱݵĻȵϷţʱʱɫһŮϡ
Ķż¶һĨЦݣģܷܷ
ֻʱǶ֮κβͬѰ顣鲻ԽЩЩ綼Ϊһ̸
ǳ
Ů裬΢ȹڵǳǳĹ⻷һ峺ͨ͸ģ
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˵ɫͬζŮӹ۲쵽˲ԾشüͷˮԾβĻš
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һԵǶڻĹơ
һĨصЦ⣺ûô򵥣Ůǻ书ġ
Ȼ书ûô߳ȻܿãȻҲǷĲԾ
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ҹۿҲܹóڹӦѵ˺ܾá
ǿǿóе⡣
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ߣȻ£ҲԼʲô⡣
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ʲôµģüͷһ䣬ֳһ絭ģ㲻ʲô飬ҪǵĵĻĵĻү
ֻĿ΢΢׹ʱ򣬱Ƿӿ
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ô֪
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龫ֵġҲϷźΡ
ƽСѾͷС֪ôȦȦƣҲ˵ڹģֻǸʮСӡ
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˵Ĵݲȣ˫ԼƣɢĹâ
һΪһͷһǡôɣԼȻܰѺõľƻˡ
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˵ЦˣֻŽ赸˵Ĺɫ㣬̶ҲǺĽԲѯһ
ȻҪ˵ϷվҪˣûˣҲ֪ٶʲôʱвѡ
СŮЩεͷһĸǿ˵ͷĽܽأӲ̫ãֻܹи㣬ǲԸĻʵҶ
ЦЦİ˻
̶ԣҪǼܽعĻͼ
ӱֳһģȴûжԵ̫⡣
ðɡ


239 Ȼ

Ск˿ڣҲһ·Сܹȥкһ
ҲжɫˣǽȥȻϷ濴ʮֵңǻ·ġ
ȦȦƵģҲڰƵһԴϢĵط
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һޢģСһ˶һ裬Ȼ߿ˡ
ĿϸƣȻ׹ŴϷôչģڹģҲ˸뷨
Ҳá
ֻ⸱ģĻͲ㣬˺ƤˣϾڱ˵ĳ档
һʲôĻɾͲˡ

̵ͷһڲ裬ˮ̫ƽƽ棬᲻Ȥˡ
һҲϸĹ۲ţֻ۲ĵطͬҪǽԼĿС
廨ţͬ˶۾֪֮ǰְҵʲôģںǻع鵽˱УϸԸΪϷŵһС֡
ܸһİĸо
Сʱڵǧ򻽵Сˡ
ܽظһʱ̷̾Ĳͬ
˵̨ϵǧġüĿĬĬģòġ
ܷܷƵĿ񣬾ֱϮ
֪Ҿν£
ܽŵһɫ⡣
ȴıֳˣһģƺڻʲôȻ˵ôôҵһѡ
ܽһʱ䲻֪δԵЩΣ˵Ҳ̫ã˵Ҳ̫ãǺֻܹװ·ʼ磬Լ˵һߡ
ҲЩֳһӡ
֪ܽص飬ԹԼոҵĽڣһ˵֮ǰܽع̨ӺòҲѧո衣
ˡֱԡܽĿ˰֮ʮɵĻظ˵Ȼûгϰ䣬Щ
ȻᣬһᣬҪǼɵ롣
ŶԭϷҪһϯ֮أѧϰ书ȻĻܹˣѰ졣
뵭ĵ٩˵
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һ˲䷢˷츲صı仯ӦϲϷţƺǧ㺶Ѿʧ
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˼Ķģ˿·磬ʱֲ˭ܹӮ˭ܹ䡣
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ԼֳԽ֤Խᱻ˷֡
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СҵСġб۾ЩȤζ˵Ҫı飬ǿȥĵطŪ飬ɾûʲô˼ˡ
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ҼȻ˸۵ģҿɲɵΪ㲻Ҷ֡
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䣬ȴóһ룬ֻĵ׶˵βѾĳޱȣŨŨĺɫΧ
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ĵ˵ԭõɲҲˣȻûзѾ˶ⶾҩɽ⣬ҩҽ
ҡҡָԼҶһƣյĸ
֮ǰƵҩ۾ҶıԵϣûʱ򣬱İССķĩɢȥӶ֤Լ¶
㡭
ӰɲԼȵĵСвƣǱ޳ܣ
ұ޳Ҫʲôľʱ㲻ȻȻ뷽跨ҪвңȻǡ
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Ȼܹ뵽ȵУֻΪԼȫţɫ
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һԶ޿κεҡҡͷû뵽ԼСӾȻȵֶΡ
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241 ΪӪ

ȵӰɲʧʱ
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̶ǱеĻҪȻȵı£ֻĻĵóԱˡ
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˲ңҲˡ
ֻµһ̯ҲЩͷۣδһ¡
鷢һͽҡ
ϷӰȥ٣Ҳû˻ỳڴ˶Ϊʲô
Ȼشš
ܽع﾿ʧǻҪһʺš
ֻܹȥ顣
ֻ²һܡ
Ӱɲóľαװȡ֮Ƕܹ϶һдڹģֻڻʧˡ
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ܽؾȥ
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֮ǰܷܷдһ⺮̽ţβĴ𰸡
ܷܷʾһʱúܺãΨһںΪʱʵ׷ס
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дһţúõĻȥ۷ʲôʼĵʼջɢ
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̲ͬѰˣش⣬ûκε·Ȼܴش𣬵ǲı󣬶˶ѣԵʺѷá
һһ۰ÿһ仰˵˳ʺȴԼһֶ
ǱҪʲôãɱˣĸ׻ںͥԺȥء
ʺ̱ŪԼָ̽ףЦȴޡ
ΪԼеС˲ˡʺôĿδֱ
΢֪ˡ
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Ҫĳ׵ףþаֶΣⱲ޷ؼգԶˡ
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ѾȲΪԼĶ·ˣԤУϲò
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µĵ˵ͷ
Ĳ̣ǿ˾ڵıɰࡣ
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޿κΣֻһȻ˾ĹְԱǺĻʺͬ׺¡ڣһ壬һܹ͸¶ʥϡ

شĺȻη塣
Լĵа취üˡ
˸
̶Ųˮ͸ȴûпӰ
ߵô𣿡
ֻ˼ĺ棬ȴû뵽ĳСǼˣһεĳԴס
Ȼˡ
Ȼô˵ˣֻܹѸ˵һߣеĸһò衣
˺ˣ˵
Ц˵峺ˣܹҲ΢΢ɢ⡣
ڿүӦˣֻû뵽ʺ˵ļһ
ĸпһ֮󣬱ûٷӸ
ʺ̫ɵˣɵԼһƬĻȡĵʧ
ˣϲԶǵҵĸ飬˶Լλû
˺󹬲øеĽ֣Ĵܵ⡣
Ҿǧ⣬үľͲ׼һ𣿡
ѵЩԹյĶŵĸߵҲˮġ
ӵһ


242 

ڵʱܹܵȥ֮ڸС
һɬζһζ
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׼ȷ˵Ƕǰ˰֡
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ԶеҪӸӡϴٶȣɱеҪӵĿ졣
Ȼû̫Ķý˸
˶֪ɺͻʺ֮ΪǷǷǡ
ץס˻ϵ㣬ֻҪǸ˶ܹԼŮ˺ͱ𣬲ǲǻãмһɫñӡ
ʺ޷ش⣬ǳˣʵԼ泯͢ʽ硣
Լеֻ֮һʲôϵĻֻΪ顣
鴦򵥡
֪Լ飬Ըȥ̫ɽ
ڳ͢ЩܳȻȥǻСС»ˣĳ̶ֳҲΪ
ƲƲɣ˵ķʽԵЩ⡣
ʱû뵽Ȼ˵ķʽǺԸԼһñӡ
Ավŵǻϵ׶ӣ޼ɵԥ²һ¡
ȻҪؿ㡣
ĬĬ²ۡ
䲻֪һ󹬾ʲô飬ʺҹȥµҲĲڸǵġ
ֻڱһֻΪ˶ĿڻһԲҲö˵
ϾҲԸԼĳŴһ׵ס
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ⲻ֪̫ɽ
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书ƽƽ棬ûʲô̫ı죬ܹӳȥѾǽҵˡ
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ԵνƾǻѾû̫ĹϵȷûһɲǣѾʧȥֵõļֵ⡣
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˿еĺ¶ͷ˳ɽ·˼رš
Ҳ֪·ϣܹһ»صֻû뵽·ûҵĶѾùС
ǳǳĳʶҵ˹ӡ
ĳţɾû뵽Լ˳ɽ·ҵģȻܹײһˡ
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ͷĽŵķǻרõĻƣǰ棬ƥͬ죬һ㺹Ѫˡ
ţ֮ӭɫ
ԸϽķɱǰ
һܹĲǱˣõĻʺԲ׻ʺΪܽǻʺΪġ
һ
ʺҲû뵽ƻ
ѯһ֪ʼĩ
֮ǰܵҲǴ˺ܾãʼûҵ𰸣Ȼֹȥδ
еĹؼϡ
ͬҲ˵Ϣ˵˹ϵܺá
ʺҲѹ־һ
֪ģԼ±ֿ϶Ϊ̡
ڱ˴ļıĿȱ
ȴöЩ֡
ǣ
ζգգԼ¶һֵģ
ʺȰͷСظһˮ
ԵܳҲ֪Լķʷ֪ǹ˼ıȨ
ǲڵֵزɡ
ԵЩã
ʺô
˸⡣
ȴû뵽ԼֱⷬӵĴ˻ʺʹҧгݵ˵ʱ䷢Źֵ飬в£ҪѰƽ
˵ĺе
Ų豭˼ĵ˵ͷû뵽ʺһ仰ձ
ֻǿˣȻˣתȻģ仰δֹ
΢̧ԵøԻ󣺡Ƿʲô鰡ΪλʺҪ˵
ʵЩ棬ʺŰԼļıװ׵ĸ¶
ǲ֪̾Щʲô


243 

԰
һƬ͵գľĿţǵ˸㣬
̹ʱ䡣ȥһ˹ˡ
֮ǰҩҲǳ˸߰˰ˣڵµĸǿƳ̵ҩˣҲ֪ѰҵôɽѩǷѾ˳ҵأ
еɻǧǧ򡣶µ̤˹ҵʱ
ɱ֮ǰɫԵĺ˺ܶࡣҲ֮ǰɫѾ֮ǰȹ˲١
һһĺҲ˲١
̲ɵ˵
Ƕ㣬û̶Ļڵһڴϴء
ųһõ΢ЦƺΪһһĿҲƽһϳɣһݿݺͻá
ǳǳĵͷѯţʱûʲôģ״һһļ¼Ȼ㿪ʼ˰
֮ǰȸӵƽȡ
ϸĹ۲һǵ࣬Ȼ۵װ׵֢״֮ǰ˲٣ΪĹؽڴûлָ
ҲβĴͷ
βα겻αԴͷҲΪ⡣
̵ȻǲСϸڣǰһ֮ʵ֮ǰ˵ıɽѩҵˣҲ쵽Ҫɽѩʱ򡣡
ʮţȻҵˡ
΢Ц˶ݡ
Ȼҵ˾ͺˡ
һаԴ⣬˳õ˱ɽѩ֮󣬾Ҫ˿ҩܹﵽ°빦Ч
ϾǱɽѩѵѰҡ
ǳǳĳһߵū֣һĺӱǶ¶ɢ
ֻ̽һۣ֪װĿ϶ǱɽѩΪֻбɽѩҪװĺ档
Ϣ޼ɵš
̶Ҳ뷨ǵĻûκξޡ
Ҳá
ﱾ뷨ͼƽϡ
еĹϡӱ򿪵һɲǣܿͬһѩʢģ
ĺܲ
̿һδܹժƷѩѩ̫ͬ
ѩһݱĹâ޵ĸڻ֮ϣ滹ǵ˪
ôǼ˱ôƷѩҲǼѵõġ
֪ҵǮƣɴδǻ˵ѩҲǶԣ練ƵС顣
뷨ûԵı¶ܹõôƷϺõѩҩķԵòôҪ
֮ˮĸд˲ͬҩ
ԵЩɻ󣺡ôЩ̫һ
ǲͬģһʢ˥һʢ˥͵ĵҲ׵ģڿҩʱ˼ǶһЩ̱ҩ
̶Դ٩٩̸뷨ѧϰҪʱģڹŴ͵ѭҽķӡ
ȻϢãҽԴԶԵ˵ӡ
Ҳţܹ˳İǰ˶κˣԼľҲܹܸ롣
ɶѻһҸ΢Ц̫ˣΪ
Ҳһæĵͷӭš
ȻٻǱһζ
Ķǹ˼棬ô̫Ϊѡ̫ڿ죬ܻ˾ǵŹҵȨ
֮ǰԷʱҲû
ɶԴ΢ʣ֮ǰôˣΪʲôͲԸǰæأѵǾˮһ
ѵõĴıԹԵòͬѰ
Ŀݸġ
ȴҡҡͷΪǵѿģԲŲϣԵ޹ʵıǣȻĻҷӵ㡣
ס֡
һʱԶԣ˵ĺܶԡ
İѿģԲŻ뷨
Ŀԥ
Σ̶õѡ
ﷴĸԼƺΪŸоԼ΢İˡ
ᣬûд׹ǿˣĲ̡
ԺʲôһҪңҿǰ㵱ѿأɲҪ
ЩѵõĴıԹ
޿κεĵ˵ͷҲ鷢չ⸱ģֻû뵽ҵ˵塣
ȻС鶼ϡ
ҪЩˡ˵ûκεľޣһʱⶼ˵ЩʲôɲҪ̫⡣
æİ˰֣õһеıԹ˻أ˵Թ
˵Ļ̶֪һжеĹػܹõĹģԼҲǸ˲ѡ


244 ˵ʵ

˸һ䡣
ȴܾùɵЩģɵζû֮ǰǰʹϸƷζܾЩԾ
µ֪ʲô
ȴ⸱ģ˵ݣҪȰ⣬ǻ΢
ϸϸ˵ЩҪѯ

ƺ֮кŨĹâҲ֪ھھʲô飬ÿϸϸƷζʱ򣬱ܹĿ֮Уס
ϸ΢ĸЩķ絭壬ȻסһƬգżչ⡣
̲ԡ
ȴ˵ģһߡ
Ϊʲô飿
ﻹɻѣǣѯҲΪġΪһȣϾ׾ʲô飬ģܾĲ
ʵЩ㻹ǱȽϺáɳĬƬ̧̣ͷʱֳܹ΢âʵ
ЩȻûʲôоܹоҵĸƺϲ㡣
һ˵ԼҲǼͷۡ
Ҫϲ˵Ļû⵵ˣǧá򲻸áϲ˾Ȼ̡
ⶼŪЩѰˡ
̵ɴ˫ۣ
䲻֪ɾƲϢǿ⸱ģҲ˵Ǽٻ
ֻ
˵Ц˰ɣֳôϲңѾз֮ˣ͡
̵ɴ˫ۣ֪ô沿ˣΪȻĵ˵ͷװԼͬ
ɡ
ǱĻС㣬˵˵ЦûʲôĻҪĿЦ
֮ǰദ֮ʱܵȷһ崺ļӸУȴԸŹȻϲԼɫЩ΢
ѵˣ
Ծ뷨Ǻܿľͽˣỹãġôܻǹɣ
Щ˲֪ܹоһֳ֮ģȻ͡һ񣬡Ҳ֪ǲƭˡ
ͷԵޱȵʧ
ϲ˵Ļ԰æýţǣߣɴĵϣܹúõĻȥػݵλ
ĻǺһ׮
òӡµһʱ֮侹ʴӡ
װ·һ㣬֮ϣڽ߬˵ģѾ¶ĵ׵Ĳ
չβĴκεĸ顣
Цţ뻺ΣֻЩ鲻ӦþȥУһʲôĿԡ
˵⻰֮Ĺɵͷ
ҲҪˣĲ˵ûиоҵİĽ֮飬ܹܵõĶǵĹػ
˶٣ɶҲΪĴøӵã֪Ӧνչ
˵Ķԣ޷ղŵĿ⡣
Ԥиӳ͡
˵ĺǣ֮мдֵıǼݵλ߹󣬸ǹһĲƸǱүԣԶ֮ҲϣΪĪеĸ飬֮˸ңҸϣүᡣ
ܱǶġ
ɲϣˣ̾һ
΢紵鷢ظĺǰƯţɢڿ֮УǱâɡ
ҵĵ죬췽ҹ̷ҲȷʵǴڹģʵڲԸҲģΪ⵵ٴصޡ
һ˵˺ܶࡣ
ǸģڵõҽεϢ֮żḡֳĹԣչֳڵϲ죬Ρ
ܻ֮дżֱɫ˵ʣҲ˵
еɫҷ֮гĵǸ޷ӵġ

֪ЦЦĶ㣬߽ܹõٵĹӵĴҲ֡
˵Ļܼ򵥣ûκԹ˵˼
ҶԡֻϣҵֳܹúõģΪжӰδ;
޿κεЦЦ
ҲӦ֪ģֻүһˡԭĽˡǴڷǷ֮롣е˵ҲźȰңȻ֪Ҳž룬ֻҪַʽҡ
ùǸֵ̽ŮӣĹļɵ̾ò̫
ԼĺĽΪдҩ˼Ҽɵҹֳ
ЦһĿбӵ뿪ˡ


245 Ϣ

ɫġ
үĵƮһ·ļį
̧ͷŵҲк
ֻӶʱûκټŵơ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôȻԸٺǺҲûκιڰӰϢֻǻһϢš
ٸ顣
ʵдš
̷Ե޿κΣȻĻҲ֪Ӧδ
εķչĸ˳
޿κεĳµһ
ȴһȲ衣
̶ôﰦ̾ģ
豭ﵴĻ̾Բ農ĵƮɢڲ豭档
ס֡
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ĴƵʣǳǳƽľǰȱøӰȣ֪ʱ
ǳǳҡҡͷ˵ԼȴΪʲôһ
ֻһĪԤСܾѾҵʵĽԼ˵˳үҲǿһţͻȻı̬ȣ˾ͦĪġ
Ǽ徫ļ̳ˡ
ô˵ͷˡ
֮ǰ̬жôһдľжô絭ġ
顣
һ϶Ĵ֮󣬲ɫסļԼĻ￿˹ȥ֮һ粢ż̧ͷ¡
䲻֪ʲô顣ҿû򵥡
ҲǺĽԼƲ¶
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֮۵Ĺâ˵С
ȷˣҲã䳻һô׾ͷŹԼ̳˵ˣǱһ˼ҿ¾оݣ䳵ĻֻỳϺӵ˱ļ㡣
¶ķ
ȴתı֮ǰθ˼䣺ģƵһټûҵҲĻ֮ôı¡
Ŀ⣬Ե÷Ĳ⡣
һֽѶĽܹܡ
̷ԵЩ޿κΡ
ֻܹ֮ǰϢ߸֮ǰĲ֤ûдĻʾ·ϱӰɲˣ嶪ʱֻ֪ԸĻ
ӰĦĺǾԲô򵥰˷ܡ
ƿδ
ץˣ϶Ϊʲô֤ݻ˵̳˼Ƭ̣˵òʣǸˣĻҪ߳Թ˵ġ
ֱΪĻָˣ߳ջĵļıǵһο
˲ͬѰ
ٽһ㣬ϸĻҲ뱻Ļֹյ֮¡
æ̾˵û뵽̶̶Ļ¾ǱҲԤ뵽Ȼȵ˼
ôҪ
ν﾿ʲô
΢Լ⣺֮ǰǸƬҾúܶ鶼ܹ͵ͨˡ
ֱ׳˵
ҲֻһƬܹΪʲôӰɲҪµĹΪʲôѾĻֻΪһƬƬ
ĸ˵ֿ
һһĵǵĹâҡҡ׹ıʯһ㣬ܹǧ֮ɢĹ⻷
ⲻǿʼҲԲǽ
ס̶֣ƲĻҲ£ɲֻ֪ȴ֪ľ״һ˵﾿Ҫʲôģԣ챻ͷܹȥ
ӰɲҪΪǽд̽Ļô򵥵ĽһȷѪ˵Ļôɡ
ֻǼ򵥼н־ܹ顣
һµĴﵽⷬ۵Ĵ𰸣ȴɡ
봹̶ⷬʱ仹ǲҪˣҵжΡ
Ψһ֮дŨصĹСĵ˵ͷ
ʱҲ֪Ǻõģȴû뵽һмյ˼侯ֹػ
̺΢õϢƻصˣҪʥϣ˵ıĲ죡
üͷһʱ֮䲻֪˵ʲô
̺Ҳٹȥǰ
ĵ˵ͷɫȴûκε⡣
ƺ֮ǰľһתƺ֮ǰתģָ֮±һΡ


246 ͻ϶̸

еĸ΢

ȥأǻ롣
ֱʶƵϻּ⣬빬
ǰ컹õķ⣬ƺΪŨصѹø΢
֮ǰǺשߣӳֻƸǲ־ӡ
΢̧ϸĴһû뵽ƻлᱳ
ʱ䡣Լȡ
̸Լ侲Ļһжõķ򣬳ͬķչţݡ
ƾǰܹ峺֮Ե
˼֪˵Щʲô
Ϊʲô
û˵Գҡҡͷ
Ҳһ΢ЦôΪʲô˵ҲЦһвҵ𣿡
Ȼ֮ǰʺ˵Ļ
֤ݶǰ
̲ԣôʱһֱڰæȻ֪ҶԲ㷸ʧ󡣡
΢ĳ
Ƶ˵ͷһԼԵĹ˹ƣҲ֪Բң㷸µʧҲŻᱻ°ߡ
Դ
ĻӦûڸϡ
üͷ
ΣⶼĴ󣬶֤ȷ䣬㶼ѾɲһԵݳһϷ
˫ֽţδչ
ΪǰŮĺѣõĻȴû뵽һ
Цš
ȴ⸱ģ㻹ǿЦ˭ģ
ʺ󡣡Ʊ˴˵̧ͷ˵ѵʲô𣿡
Լʲô
û뵽ʺѾ֡
΢ԸŻʺҲԸ֮ǰ̶
ȷʵˡ
˸ɵĹ⻷ʱ֪λشһŵҡҡͷ
ԸԼĴҲԸĿ֮ʧȥ϶Ĵ𸴡
̧֪Ϊƫڻʺ˵ЩϾ֤ݶǰ
ѡ˭Ҳܼ򵥡
˵ôʲôã
ƺһԸٺϻڹء
˵֮ıӰ𽥵ʧãҹɫ֮С
ǵ
˸һʱ򣬱ܹܵѹ
ǲԸǵģֳĶֻûϸӵĻ˵ġ
ԣ̵ѵõЩ΢
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ͬʱڴǣһԲĮ鵽˼㣺ǻʲôҪ˵ģ
˲˵ǽΪΣ뱻Լ
һݵĴ֮󣬱ǳ侲˵һжСơ̶ûԲ񣬶Բ͢飬ҲԲǰӰĸ
ЦЦ
Ŷ֮ǰ֤ݶ޶ˡ֮ǰı¼Ҳˣʲô˵ˡޱȣûκεĶҲܹܵĵͳƣΪʲô˵ˣ޲ǸӺ棬̶Ѿͷǵ˭أ
һӢ¶ܰĻ˾÷΢ڽѡ
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ĬƬ̣ò׼ϵ˼ʶľãϻ̽ζ棬ڣ̹ϲ
΢̧ۣ㻹ʲô˵ģ
֪Լ˵ǧǧ
ʺĲ¼ɣʺ뷨йƵĲᡣ
һͷһܺõĽʽ
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˵ĺ˼ȥǾʼ˵𡣡
ƺͶǱֻײǡǵĵ
鼫Ľ
Ҳ£
ĻҲ¶һ㡣˲ûκεͻԵ޹ʵ֣һɲ
˵Ҳίˮ͸¶Ĺâǲģûʲô뷨ΨһĵģֻǲԸĪı˱˺ڹƾң⡣
򶨣˭ܹ֪ڵľ
ĵ˵ͷ
ֻ˼еܶҪͻʺзֲĹϵ
΢
ʺݶʵ̫ˣԽ߽硣
Ҳһԡݲȵİæ˵һж飬븸ϸϸĲ̶֤ıԣҲ֪ġһҪΡ


247 

黹ǻ˾㡣
΢߳˽ǵ̧ͷµʱ֮ǰѾȻ⣬ϵֻ֮ǰϵ
ϣ߲ʡ
̶˵һУܶԡ֣أ뿴˭ӵı¡
ֻ΢΢̧üͷܹһı顣
ǲƭˡ
һԽס֣᣺ΪⲻƺƴַڿܱеļһЩ
ʱò׼Ͼ˼ԾӲϵĵ˵ͷ
ķܱҪһЩڿ飬ǸӴ۸ˣ۵ŵĻ⼸󹬲̫ƽ
˵˻֮˱Яֲһ
ʺõĳͷˡ
ʲôϵ
ѹǳݡ
һ˶಻ϸĻ֮ǰؾһеĸп
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ʺٻؼʱﲻɵʱ乬͢ĶӿϿ϶֪
ڣ΢
ϸĿ֮ûдκεĸ顣
ʺ΢΢񣺡ձȽǿģΪʲô飿
ѵûʲôͲܹĻʺˣЦЦֱǰȻסģ
ȥྴģһЩܹü֮ľ衣

㵹һͨ͸
ʺʱ˼Щɪһ£΢Ķǡõ˻ϵľ
֮ǰ˵ЩֻһֿԣڣȴǰǧǧĿȫȻĳǰ
û뵽΢΢ǰƣܹʺ¶Ѫɫʹҧ
檲֪˵ЩʲôĻ檵һ΢ĵͷĲϣΪЩӰٻͱ֮ĸ飬¶ຣ
䲻֪ǰΪǹʦɻʺԾǲ
ܹϸϸɢĹâ˵Ļĵ
֪ĿĻҲᱻһİסˣɽʱͬա
뷨֮ǰɫٻĻϸĲ顣
˵󹬺ͳ͢ʮǧӦķ֮ʱ߱ѲĹϵ
ЩʺҲҪװɵ֪ġ
ʺԵøӻ֣̿Ȼһ
ѵ֮ǰ鱻ˣ
Բܡ
ֶθ߳˵ãûʵԵĽչҲû˿ô׵ı˷֣
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Ȼᵽ˵֣ʺ˲
п϶ʲôᣬô޶ۣȻҲǼǵȻʵĽ̵׺󹬲ܸĵ
ΪԼһûκε֤ݡ
Ϊ˶ûȨһеĸֵõġ
С˼ڱϿһͨ͸
ѾƼˣʺҪ˵Щʲô
ɾ˶ϣ
ʺһ룬ؿƿĻ黹һתһǵŵĻ
亹
વવĵڵ֮ϣĹâʣɴЩŭζ
ϾֱĿĿбӡ
ʺ󰡣ôˣȻҲ뷨һֱޥģΪ֮޹ڡϲٰĿͶζ
ǵҡ
ʺ֪ձ
ΪǣΪԼŪȭǼõģڿ󹬲һҲ١
ķĴţٻ㣬ͨͨĺܿ졣
Ȼ˵ĻʺȥĽúõķʡʡ
ĽйĵطȻ乬乬ӵᡣ
˵ֻܳӲŻš
ǻʺ󰡣Իʺݰᵽ乬ָ뵽ʲô
ߵǲֹͣ
ʺĪ
ɻɫûκεı仯ûΪκε
ˣʺǺúõϢϢɣϾϢ˲ܹԼʲô󣬲ȻĻԺô̸ֲأ
Ц̧üͷ
һʱҲ֪˵Щʲô
ʺֻܹεεĳšĿߣᣬĳκ˵ͬ飬ֻûϸԼе뷨
ġ
Ѿ˶Ϣ
ߵĺ飬ûκεֹ
ʺ񶾵ڹܣӵһУһȫȻʧ


248 

š
ǰ컹մ֮գһбһ
õ˰̽Ϣ΢ɲǣССһֽȼ֮䡣
ʺѾ乬еĴСˣȫȻĸ̫ӹ㡣
Ȼϳʱûбֳȷ˼ڶ̫ѾĲ֮ǰܻһ̫ӵĲ²Ϊܵ˴ۡ
һЦ
һӣȴ¶һĨº͵Цݣ͸ոյȻͬ
һȲ裬ĵº͵΢ЦûκεֹЪ
ôһ磬ү鷿š
ںԴ
˻ֱǰ˶˳ȥϸ̸
вɵĴų磺Щ齻Ծɹˣ̶ֺαˣ
˴ǣ䲻Ϊ⣺˵ЩеûģֻҪܹүһΣ̶;ÿĲˡܹүǣֶΪأ
δ뷨
µüü֮еɫѣڴʱٶȵıƿ
̧ܹߺ
楷ԵúΣ֪Լѣǻ˼ߵү
֮ǰȻͬմһصѣüͷ֮ǳ
֮ǰжཾ裬ھԵж
˽û뵽΢
楷ôпǰ
楷Ȼ裬ڻҲΪܵϵĶһƿӰȥٵĳлʹҪ
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ǰν£
ԽǽԽµһס˼΢΢ĴͷŨء
֪ЩǵĲԣչֳ˯ģ˲С˹
֮ǰ˯һΡ
̲ΪȻСҵ˵ǨŭһԾǨŭһˣ˵ܹ׾ٵԭһԭҲ絭ᡣ
ĸ飬ûж
楷ֹҲ֪ڸ˵Щʲô
˵˻ʺ󱻰ᵽ乬飬л̿ޱȡ
ZZȴϸ࣬ûһˣѾߣҸʲô顣
֮ǰĻϣڶ̬䵭
䲻׾ʲô飬ʶİһжᵽǻʺ󷸴ԭ
ڽΧŹҲǰȥһ̽
ֻܹǿԼ侲·е뷨۽һ㡣
̡
廹ϵˡ
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϶Ρ
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楷ƾʲô뷨Ҳö֪ʶȰʺµһöӣǻʺʾҪĻҲһ
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ҵǾΪ楷Ʋֱʹ񣬡Щ㱾Ӧò͵ģѾ˵ľأҲ֪ĸ󷸴ˡ
楷Ƹί˳
ô֪һУҽ֪ԭĸ˴ڱصƫ֮С
ԽԽί
һжңҲԹҲԹ㣬֪һжΪҺãǡ
ҪһҸļңһж˵֮УһЦ
̲סڴ
ڴں֮Եø΢
֣ɲЩǶ֪ġ
Ըѻ
ΪǶֻ飬ҲŸӸоΡĬţȻʾڵ鲢á
֪뷨Ҳ֪ûô򵥣ҵϣһֱܹúõġ
ˡ
ȴûбҪٺ͡
վСһЩݣλͬÿ˶Լ˵Ŀԡ
΢΢楷ƶʱ֪Լ̫ˡ
ΪԼȥһ黹תڿȴⷬӡ
ԭĹЮڵص㡣
λõʱӦ֪ʲôɼЩĻʲôأ
ļȻĳǺõģǣ鷢չز
ûһܹ
΢Ĵͷ
һ̫ˡ
楷ƹ¶һЦݣȴԼЦñȿ޸ѿ
ˣ֪ԼӦȥһл˾㡣
ٵվһȥˡ


249 

楷뿪ıӰį
ȴûˣԣҲһγɳһֽѡ
ǳҡҷ
⸱ģɫ̾һЩ۵ĵ˵ıͷ
ֺαΪһС¶ᡣʼҪɳģֻŸõܹӹ͢Ĺ֮л
һһ˵ĲκУǿƿοĻȴŸشٵζ
һǿԼ侲
֪Լ˵Ĳ̫ΪѣõĽ
ʺ󱻴乬ʱ÷ھҪˡ΢ЦŶ˵ֻڰõģҪһȥɡ
ס֣Цú죺Ҳôġ
еķƻǶԶһ
ĺˬ죺ZضסˡֻҪɽۻͺˡ
ӹĻ⣬һԣš
̶Ҳǣһ楷⣬ԣؽյѾϣĻһҵĻǡ
Եη壬װ׵ģƾôҲֲ
Ȼ˵ĻȿŰɣĻҲν
ηİ˰֣Եøĵ
ס֡
鷢չֵزʼܹ߱ӻ
Īİǲʱ˵ģͨĳʶ֮£ڴı΢ϧҲĪ㺴ڣӿš
ȵ֮ǰĴǡȻֹѵõ¶ЩĲʺɫʡ
̧ͷϸĹ۲ţܾ֮ǰµĺ棬ڷɢˡ
֮ǰܹÿһദĺã֮䡣
ûܸǡֵľ롣
Ѿ͹Գ
ǰƺҲз֮ˣĪİĽͷ
̺ɱϹϾĶһ˹ǺһĨǡô΢ЦԵЩԻ
ǹҴľͲ֪ǴΪʲôεӡ
Ҳ֪ʲôֻСĽ˹ϸĶš
ЩЩ˼̰ŵݵһߡ̧ͷϸĹۿһ룬ȷ֮⡣
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̳˼Ƭ̣Ҳᡣ˵ĺܼ򵥡
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ѵõĴ䡣
ȴֹɶĪĵ⣬޹ءľãֳϲҡ
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̸Ͻ˵үҲЩǾһΪֵԭĪҵ̶϶飬ⵥûйϵ
Ļﲻһ˿С
΢΢ͷ
Ȼ̶ġֻСһЩҿᵽûҪҪˣҵΡ
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һԵ˵ͷ
ա
ʵ֮ɢڵĹԡ
̴ǴһĨ΢ЦտĻһ·Ե÷ĸ䣬ɫĳȹĹյĺܺá
һΣ
̺С֣˸СЩ֣ļžﵽ˼㡣
֮ܺǰԵøţ֮ǰģΪԭ򻹴Щǳڣһ·塣
֮Ӣ
ĳ˵ͷЩɻ󣺡֪ΪιӽͻȻ̶ѵʲô¿ӽյ࣬Ҳûʲôӣѵﲻˣ
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֮дº֮ͣǰĮѾ̫ͬ
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ɫҲԴš
ĵ˵ͷ䲻׾ʲô顣
̺ҲԣҲҪЩʲô
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ϸĹ۲һⷿʽĹŶһ𣬰ڷŵĴܹóǸ佲ˡ
ĲĻƺҪ뵽ڹ۲졣
º֪ͣϲЩ
ڵ̬ȱø΢鲻ԽĻ֮ǰ˵Ļ
̲֪εıԡ


250 бºֳ

ŵ̴㡣
վǰ׾ٵس¶һĨ΢ЦԼЦݡ
΢óһ㡣뷨Ǿͱʵ
š
ȴĲԾ΢ʵʲôĵطеĻһҪܡ
̰˰Լ֡
ûʲô飬ֻ뵽һЩȤġ̲ûֱӵİ⻰˵Դʾ˵˵þһʵûκεصĻȷЩΪѡ
ܹĶó֮еɫûκεŮ֮顣
ܹĸжԥԲԥЩʲôǹ۲ģ̾Լһ
ֻҪ˵˵Ļһжܹúý
˵Щ䵭
ڴʱͻȻ򿪡ɴǺһĨ΢Ц˽
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ڣɾԼǸЦ֮ǰĻʧ̷·ʲôûȥ
ô
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ЩΣɶҪľֺαˡ
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αˡ
֮ǰҸ˵ĻǲǶˡ
̵ǰη壬֮䱾װ׵Ĺϵ
Ȼ˵Ļ֮ǰ˵Ļúõĸ߸ֳȻɵĻô˻ᣬһúõ߶߶
þͺһλߵĩ˵Ľ㣬Եͤͤ
ԵãȻ޴롣̵ͷƺʾʲô顣
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ԼѵľأڸϽʼĩ˵ĻܹõأȴԸĽ
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ܹ֮ܳ۵ĵ⡣
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һҪڳ߸ϵ̬𣿡ɱֳһηģ֮ǰҵȷӦĻжϾҵľˣ漰ҵֳĻȨĻ졣
ȻЩ±ƣŴ˻漰ԼԾͲ֮便о
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ʱҲԵƫ̣Ϊһεƫ򡣶¹ɵĲ²ԽԽ
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˾ĵʲôҲԵĪ
ɶ㲻Ҫ롣
ɵɴ˫ۣԵЩ졣
ҲҪ룬ʲô鶼װ׵İ˵Ҫ롣ұʲôģڿһкһһ㡣
Ѿɫ۾
ֳĺװ׵ĹϵΪ˵ƫ̻
Цˡ
ɶ㾿ЩʲôΪҪԼ˵ͬ
ɲԸٶ˵Щʲô˽飬Ѿǰ϶飬ڷʲôǶԶӦġ
ˡ
Ŀбӡ
Ȼ˵µĻӵúõĺһá
֮ǰԸܺãڿǸѵֿأԵЩΪѡ
ܵǰ˰֣Ҫ˵Щ£û뵽ΪЩ顣
Щ΢
̲ΪȻ̧ȴģٰһ˵ǵĻùǸп޵Ʒ
Ƣȴܡ
ɫ΢ĳ
û뵽ԼˣСƢܾȻ
ݺݵĻͷһȴûϤ΢ĺԵøӵĲ졣
ƾʲô
ĬĬš


251 

һ΢
̺͹
Ĳ׼ȥһ𣿡е˵ĵĻϿȥһңһʲôĻˣ
ȴûΪȰ˵¶κεĲʣֻ΢ĳ˵ͷ
û¡ϸ˵ʵҵйױ顣
֮ǰû˵ױꡣҲﾭ˴֪ܹ̽оֵֹĶ
ЩʽĻױƷڳɢĽǵĹԡ
̷û뵽³ͻȻ˵ţɵþ
ǲ̫ͻȻˣƺ֮ǰʱҲδ˵š
ڳһԵģȴɵ˵֮ǰȷûдĺ棬Ѿ֤˲٣֪ĵӯ٣Բǰһ
дʽԴԴӿУܹ֤Լһʱʳǣҡ
ǻȨ֮ʱҪʽ
ֻԥ
˵Ļ׬˶ٵǮʵҲȲϹҵٺ»ɡ
ЦЦ
ܻظĺǼԼ֮гһŵϢ
Ȼ˵ŵģĻܹٵջ񡣡ܴݲȵ̧üͷҵȷͼڹ˽ȻǲܷĴûᡣ
̿˵ĺ̹ϣ΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵ĻһԺô档
ֱӣǶС顣
ܹǵ߲ϸ⣬֮ϡ
һͬʱ滨ʯĴ棬鰸Ÿ˵
ϸһȻҵ˾Ǯʮһ𣬸ָıͲڷʮֵйɡ
û˵ֻ̫࣬ǵֱдһúӰдԭ
ıʷϬޱȡ
侲ĳüͷϸϸĴš
Ϊ棬룬һܣû뵽߶Դ£ͬ˼
бҪģ˾ֳɣΪзƼɹҪռͷǶ̶ɵ棬пܶԴ˲⡣
ȴеĸӴ󷽣ֱӵĶ˶˷ֳɣֻռɵ棬ʣµİ˳ɴͷȫ̡
û뵽ôĴ󷽣ֻĻҲԲʧ
˵ļȻֻҪʽܹӺƷõҩĽȡĻܹľһܹȫǡ
͵ȻһȻŵĻҲͷˡ
͡ǲΪģһˮ
̽һβʴ󷽵ǩԼ֡
Ժ졣
ϲҲĺû̫ľֱ֮Ӷ˺ԼҲҪо
ҪľһΡ
뿪ʱ򣬹ɵĴſڡ
ԺǷǽ΢м仨¥ɢɵĹԣŽأ͸
ɴǵ΢Ц൱Ŀơ
ϲû뵽ҵ壬ĿľΪ˺ҸȻôߵ档
ԽԽǲ죬ҵǿƣں֮ãܹõֳɵѾǲˣôռͷ
ԽԽ졣
ǿ̱ޱȡ
޿κεʼ磬û뵽˭ãȻԼСǵһֿأڵãֿضô
Ҳ˵Цˡһкֳͬģôʲô鶼ء
Ĳüһ͡ǷЦ
˵Ļǻֲ̿ѡ
ǡԵòΪ⣬Ҳ֪㾿ıƣȻֳ˵Ĵֻ࣬Ǿһ;Լʵܹõ˳ɵĴͷ𣿡
Խ˵ԽǼЦݱøĮ΢΢˫ۡ
ھǵ²λ
ƣõ˲Сͷʲôأ
ηЦЦ
ѵǿټֳֹ˳ɵĻҴɲǡ
۵װ׵֢״Ѿ⡣
Сi֮ǰѾ˻֣Ҳõ֤ڷ˵ģʵЦ
ԺͺúõĿһҧ촽Ե÷޹¹˭֣㾿ûбܹõһС
ԸԼֵġ
ɣڶƵϣԼҲûбҪĴȥˡ


252 ˹

ջ
Ծβš
ָ̻ʱ򴽽൱Ц⡣
Խ˺ԣԽҪԱӡ
ӭʱЩ΢
Ƿʲô飬ô̶һȥܹү˵̬ȣѵʲôõ飿
΢
Եò̫˼ĿԵļ˵ԼżЩʲô
ʵһ֮Ҫ㡣˼Ƭ̣ĿȴԵ޿κΡ
ҸϽİϲ߸㡣ܷܷҲ֪Ǵð˳ǺһĨǡôЦݡ
ͱ˲̫һ·ѾߣҪЦ̫ޣ˺˹ȥ
ôӳˣһ𾪣Ӧá㸸ǲģҲǾԲ׾ٵľܳģôôͲ·𣿡
ܷܷû뵽һ棬ǵصĺǳ⣬ӭ޿κείҡҡͷ
û롭ܷܷĿ˼ѸٵתעʵЩ£ǣ浽ˡ 
˵ĲɵôΡ
ֻðһ˺ˣѾôھҲûʲôˣ絽úõĽһʲô飬ҪΪҪ
˵ɡ
ܷܷܳĵ˵ͷȻǲ̶ֵĹϵʵϸµ롣
Ϸ
̺ܷܷ·
ʲôˣ
ܷܷһĴơ
֮ǰŵʱ͵͵һСƬƬǰӰˣǵĹؼ
˵ĺί۾ɵĺͺһĴ
ұû뵽Ӱ˻˿ĵõ˷Ѹٵҵǡֻû뵽ҵơ
ü֮Ľҡ
ҲΪѣ֮ǰʱһֱڱ˼ҿţ޷Ϣݳȥд㣬šҪϺü飬Ҳ͸¶κεϢ
Խ˵Խί˵˺ɿʣһ衣
ķһ䣺˵ĻǷʲô飬֮ǰǵǸƬźţ
һüޣҲ֣ôӰǡֵ֪ǵĶ
̵˵ӣ»бڰ͵ǣȻĻôЩ򶼱֪أ
ܷܷͬĵ˵㣬ͷˮʵ֮˸˵Ĺ⡣
һ͵͵˳ڳӦû֪ҵ٣ֻҵӦܲ²ĵ
ЩεͷֻҪǱҹȥͺˡ
̷ԵòԡֻΪЩԭĻɲܳǵڶ˹Ѱ١
ܾñ顣
ѵֻΪЩûԭ𣿡
֮˸ŻɵĹ⻷
ʵҪԭǡǵøϽȥ֮ǰҶŷƬļǺŸƽֻĻӰ˲Ż֡
Ͽ޴룺ҲϣΪһ˵˺޹ˣȥ
һȿ޸ѿЦݡ
ơʲôҲ֪ģȻ֮ǰһ֮ԵཻԵŻ⡣
ھɱ֮
͵ĵ˵ͷ
ҲǸ£ί㣬ȰԺȥס죬ȵʱүʦϣҲΪڻ
ܷܷ˵ͷɲǼ
Ҳ˼
벻ŭҲɸȥǱԺ档мලӰЩĻ϶Źġ
ȻҲѾ뷨ǰЩ֮ϣЩ
ǱԺӣԵ÷ͬһͥԺդȫľġ
ĸ͵һ㣬ʱûκε֪Ǳµĵص㣬סҶá
ܷܷϸϸĴһȸСҲȫȻûоסĵطǰ㸻ûʣôҲ±
Գһɵ
ҶԾסĵطҲûʲô̫ҪֻҪ㹻֣ܹúõıҵİȫѾ㹻ˡ
֮һɳ¾ɵϢ
ҲԵЩΪѣ鷳ܷܷһҪǴ̫˵Ļ»˵ĻɣҲûмˣʣ±ȫǰ
˵оݡ
ܷܷҲû뷨νĻ˻䡣
ʵЩ㲻ʲô¡ֻҪܹ֤ҵİȫͺˡ
ƬȴԵЩԥ


253 

ֻĿǰΪֹҲ֪Ƭʲôֻ֪ĸҵ˵Ҫⶫ֮и֮Ůӡ
ܷܷ˵֮ĿϸĴ̡
ʵһʼ֪ҵʹζʲôֻǰһʱȥʱǡ˵õɮң㣬Ǵ˵и֮ŮӣҾ֪Ӧð㡣
һ˵һ߰Ƭݹȥ
峺Ĺâ֮£ܹƬĹ⻷ƻãͬȻʧɫķɢŸ߹Ϣ
ĪĸһϤС
·һоƷһ㡣
ʵⶫһҪ㣬ȥĸһλõɮȻ˵ĻΪ˱һͬǰȥ
͡ˮһ˸䡣
ʮ¡ĵõɮĴʦȫһ
ϲ˵˺ܶࡣ
̵˵ͷ
Ȼ˵Ļһ
ȻͬʷϵļأЩõɮһõȫɽ֮УˮţֻСܹͬһߡ
ߵ
еĻǵ
ȵͨһһɽ᫵Сܹ֮ſ߶Ƿ¥գ¶룬ȻûκεͿĨȫȻܵĻΧš
Ҳ̦࣬޺߲ٵš
𣿡ЩɵģͷһۣҲûʲôĻеõɮ𣿡
ܷܷĵ˵ͷ֮Ǿ㲻Ҫ￴֣ûʲô˲ĵطʵϣĴʦĺܻῴࡣ
·ãߵȼյʢĵطѷɫǰ׺ӵĴʦͺƾճһ
ĺɫ΢ӳ֮ϣƮ
Ŀ͸Ӳ·ǿ͸һУ˶Ե÷γ
΢΢̧ͷĴʦͬĿ¶ɻ
ʩá
ģһ񣬶´ʦĿµƣһϡ
û뵽үȻմݹ٣֪ν¡
ѯү˼ʵϣ֮гĹâȫȻأϡ
λǴɡĴʦûκεתأչֻѯʣչҪ྿𣿡
ܷܷ¶һĨ佾΢Ц
ɣҾ˵ĴʦĺɣûҲû֪飬ĳ飬仰ǾԲдġ
ͻȻҲǺԼԽһϵͳ᲻ᱻĴʦˡ
Сi˵Ĵڻ᲻ᱻĴʦ
ߺߣĴʦôǿҲûҲԲܿҵĴڣͷİɡ
Сi˵ļ佾
̷Եη壬Ȼ˵ĻʲôҲ¡
Ĵʦͬ⣬һΪǽ˵˵Ļ鷳ʩһԵĲȥúõİ㿴һࡣ
ȻΪξҪȥһԣʱʱһ̴ȷãҲ׵ķ
̵˵ͷ
Ҳûжƾ뿪
˳Ĵʦָһŵȫúľſ֮УɢµϷϸϸĵ̵ȫǷģ
ɻǣڲļȴܹ糸롣ŷۺɫĺɻš
⻹ʱôкɻһŵ
档
ĴʦһЦ
ֻǷ洹ˡ
˵֮ȥԼĿת˲ŵ֮ϣĿͬ⽣Ӱһϸϸ̳ɹ
ǣδ˵࣬Ǿ̾һҡҡͷķ飬Ϊš
û뵽ʩ;ⶡĴʦ΢̳Ư쳾֮жǽѣ徲ΪҲܹ͸¶̫ࡣ
⸱ģɵģҲԵη塣
ֻɷĴʦƵ֮УųĹ˵
ʩ;ⶣٴѡȻÿһεļѣʩԶΣ֮ѣǣʩܹ׻
䡣
ĻӦ˵Ǵ˵е񣿡
Ĵʦ˽⣬΢Цִ˵ȷʩи򣬶ػ֮־Ȼǲͬġ
Ƶŷ飬˵Ĵޱȡ


254 ûб

ټĵڣֻܹصĻ
Ĵʦ·ǲ͸ʲôһϹϾĳһ񣬿߶գɫ㱡
Сi˵ǲǲĴˣ
ĵǱ֪СiĴڣһ֪ϵͳµĻпܱ˿Ů
ԶԴһ飬֮±˷⡣
СiŵĴŰƱ
һģǾԲ֪ҵĴڻֻܹеʲôŤת顣
˵Ҳɣҿʩ֮ǰʢ˥ѹסͻȻ˥תʢ
̴²룬ĸıԼĴԽйϵ
ɫ̧΢˵˿ĻһСùԵˡ
֪Ҫ߶߶ĻԼһΪ쳣ǾѾ͸¶ĺˡ
Ǻһּɵķʽ⿪ˡ
ĴʦȴԵη壺ҲҪ̫ţ֪ʲô˵ʲô鲻˵ЩֻԼõĻԵɺϣܹõı¡
Ļһʱ֮
Ͼ˵֮ӣȻĻڻļʱ±ѹƣȻĻӦز֮ࡣ
ֻһһй粻Ȼ˼ʵı¡
⻰˵Щ
̵ҲΪɢļɺͱѾñ˵ôá
Цζ
֮ǰܷܷ˵ĸ֮󣬹ȻָңҲЩԻ󣬡Ӧкܶ˶ӵи֮ɣһˣҲеĻҲӦûʲô⣬Բԣ
ôܹӵܹƬˣȷһ˶أ
ѵԵ֮ĳƺǲԸŵġ
Ĵʦŷ˵䲻֪֮оʲô֪ԿסһܹһеԿס
˵˻֮΢΢һЦ
ʵãֻܹ͸ЩֻܹƬƽƽģǴԿ׵ܹһš
˫Ȼ˵Ļרп϶Щΰɡ
Ĵʦ˵ͷ
ֻϧֻܲ͸ˣޱȵʢ˥ʢת˥˥ʢ컯Ūˣһ֮δһɲġ
˵⻰֮̾һ
ĳɢȥ
ĵ˵ͷ
˵Ļſһ
Ĵʦ֮Ҳǰͻ棬·ڶ΢Ц
ЦЦڿ϶ˣƬˣúƬ
Ӱ˻ڶƬǬ
Ҳ֪Ĵʦ£˹ȥ˵˺ܶ¡
ܷܷһ˹֮ϣϵţдʡҲ֪ʲô
Ȼ𣬵ȴЩߵԣҲȼһ㣬ǰȥ˰ݡ
𲻶࣬¯ʱϸĴĦһ
̱ϹϾĳͷߵס
Ȼ֪Ĵʦ̸ʲôݺӵ֮˸һ˿ζ
̸˲֮뿪ˡ
̴ǺһĨЦݣܹȷԼҲһֱϡ
羲Ļ֮ǰĹµıѣ侲֮ɢһŵĸ߹
ĴʦֻǳǶ̶̵
Ҳûж˵
ԣԵֻǵָһ˲飬ܹõԵǺһ׮ͬʱй¶ǸǻվǶ㲻ģǿ
ܷܷ֮ǰߵĤݣЩʲô䲻ö֪Ҳûжʣ˼ƽϡ
е֮ɢȫĹâڻûеϡ
ڻı֮£˳Ļȥ䴶죬ɵ̴ɢҫ۵Ĺâ
ĴʦһĿࡣ
âɢȫ鶯Ĺԡ
ǹâԴǱˡ̡
Ȼ뿪ˣȵĿȴͻȻĸֳȵ
ǡ
ΣǵһοĴʦߵͷ˰ݣڵǰơ
˸ҡҷš
һ·ߵĿޱȣԲûУȻǵײײʼջ˹
¶ɢˣ
ס֡
з˸֮࣬ү˼С
֮ǰĴʦȰ⣬ϸĻš
⻰ʲô˼䲻֪Ծףɶõı
һ뷨Ǽҵ¶һĨ΢Ц
ԣõġ


255 »

½Ĺԣ޼ɵɢԺӣ΢罥Ĵ˸
һ˶ӵͥԺ֮УСĳɢŹԵƬ
ȷˣƬ̵ġ
Ҳ뾿ҪôܹƬ֮е֮أ
ȰʶƬĲ֮ϣͬ͸һ
Щ£֮ǰӡԵʣ϶֮лЮһЩʯī
Ķʲô
ܷܷɻѯʡ
ݲȵİ֮ǰĺۼͼֽչ¶
Ҳʮа˾ʲôͼ
ҲԼ뷨·Ǿ֮ǰʦĵ㲦֮ƬϬ뷨ֻǰƬУŤתһĶˡ
֮󶥶˱һЩ
΢Ц̶
ǵڴ֮£ССƬҪϸ΢¶ĺۼһһ
ַͬ編ƣǸոһĶߵĺۼӡ˳Ȼд֡
Դ
Ǹ
ܷܷһϸ롣
˵ǷԸֶ˵ͼëĵͼ֮ϣеĵעһ飬һ˲ĽĿԥţȻǼʮĵطҵһɽԴ
Ȼ˵ĻҪɣʱ䵢ԽãӰ˻ԽĶǡ
ܷܷҲǸϽĵ˵ͷֻ뷨
ȻܹȷطĻ˹ȥһ̽ǵĶҲӦ
΢˼Ƴĵ˵
һʱһأҵõϢʦˣﻹһᡣ
ȴⷬ뷨ҲҪ룬ҲȫĻҸӵ㡣Ӱ˲˼򵥵֡
̲ݻĶĿ⡣
ͬҲӰ˾ԲԷﰴǲŻΣѸı
֮ͣ˸Ŵ⡣
Ҳá
ҲԸõ޺ʵϺִš
ԣܷܷҪʲôȥɡ
㿴ү㣬Ҫαأ
޿κε̾˿
ˣǲȰ˵ˡ
ҪúõģֻϵҲҪˣ˵ǡ
οһҲ֪Լʹ̲ݻȨϣӰˣץסᡣ
дϢء
ˣ·
̺벢ûлصС
Ϊ׼ȥһ̽׼бɫ
Ҳû֪
ºͣҪСһ㡣̶ʵյġ
Ҳ֪ԼӦˡ
Ĵš
ܷܷɵЩ֮ǰȻɽˮΪԼܹһ
鵽زҲ¶ҪӦػˡ
ڡ
ܷܷĿбӵȻܵ˲ԶΪĻʼѹԾǿԼ侲
֪ҹǰΪ£
֪ԼĲʱˣ֪ԼмＸʵܹ߸ϡ
һЩۣ¹ӳ֮Ե÷
ׯ֮Уȴ䡣
ôүֻ㣿
Ͽ϶֪ʲô顣ܷܷҲ֪ôõʱ䣬һֱ˼ලܷܷܷܷ֮ɢҫ۵ĹʣԵӹȥЩ飬ܷܷҲҪѣϾ֪ôࡣ
Ŵ˻ĹһĨЦݡ
ȻҲ֪̺ҹ뿪Ϣ֮пϲ΢΢´˼š
㻹˵䡣
ܷܷܹѵĵõ𰸣νƬ䡣
Ͽ϶һ仰Ӳȡ֮ƣЩǻϣܷܷȻҶӣЩͲڻϡ
亹ǲϰƬ
ȻƬϣҪӪķΧ
˶Ŀ
һ֪еĶ޵ģҪʲôʲô
ĻΪʲôһҪƬء
ܷܷη壬ݰ϶ҲıԵη壬еЩĹԣɫӳ֮¸͡
ԼΪ壬Ϊе룬Ը
ãϳ֣û뵽˵İǡֻⶫҪҲã޲ҪҲգֻЩ˲ܹӵЩ
͵Ĳӡ
Ȼʥϵ˼


256 

֮ҲһƬިĳ
⼸Ƿ糾ͣԴ
˹һƥѪڿбԾ
ֻǵ󣬻һˡ
Zһ£һ楷ơ뷨ǧǧ
Ƕ֪ڻϺ̸ܷܷ֮󣬻ϾּҪǸϽȥԴ
Դ
楷ƱǾܾתŹȥˡ
Zûǻʺڻ乬оƲʡǸʵĻᣬţҲ뷨
ԣûд̫ˣÿһһһĻ
楷Ʋ֪Ϊʲô£Ҳ֪̲ݻ
Ŀ⽹磬֪֪ôΪʲô£Դʲôõģ˵ľɭɭһġǺð
΢ˡ
ǿơ
ڿ֮УܹƯĶ
뷨ҲãСһ㡣
楷ηظʲôأ
ʣֻǼįһƬûа˿ʻĿܹ΢ܵŵĻǵϢѪѪȡ
ȴûôֹۣ䲻֪Լ滹׷Ҳû롣
ӳĳ˵ĻžӦһƬɭֵĵطֻпľ
Ĵ죬ȴȫȻ֮ǣɪ
̧ϸĶһʲô
֮ǰͼѾмأԴͬĵطΪ콵ԴԶԲŻ˵Ӧǡ
ڿȴô¡
޿κεĳһ
ҿΣСһΪϡ
˼ɳţȴû뵽ɽŵ·ڣоһ˲ȥֻɽƶͣӿݣ߹ȥѡ
ֻ÷˳
ǰ棬һ̵ֱ֣·Сġ
ĵ˵ͷ
ȴʱʱĻ˼ȵ졣
Щ߿
ͷб˰֣ȷǷԼ⡣
̶ں
ϸ꣬ȷŮ˵˻ߵĺţĪϤ
ЩϤѵǾˣ
Դ˲̫϶Բꡣ
ͷĿϸɨӵһλѸٵȷԴ
ǻЩλǵĺ棬ֻӦǺȵ
ѯ̵˼
ϽˣȻҲЩ˸þȣЩ˲þȡ
ǷǷǣһʵģҲҪԼȥ֡
̧ӣҸоЩϤȥֵȥĻСһЩ
ɽǶ͡
˵סܷܷϸṦѸٵĸ
˶û뵽楷ƺZ
Σ楷ƸողСŤ˽ţˤһ֮У˵صס
̵˻˳ߵĵطûһ˲ĴֻܹŢڣӰССһĺž
˵̾һԾ£ȵס˻ѡ
Ȼ书߳ڻķ;²ѧģҳɹܼ档
楷˵˵ڽȻָָһԡ
Сһ㣬Ҹոպ񿴵ˣʲô
δ䡣֮оϬϢݼţʲôֺڵǵǰɳ۶
ҲǸϽ
Zǲģ书߳ոճڿû˵ģԼֻҧ
ĶûκεĳԭزһС߱Ǳڵء
Сһ㡣ʪʺ϶ߡ̳ĿϸķֱһЩߵͷžƺɫĻƣǺжԵͷߣҧһڣҲȲ
楷ƲΡΡվظ
á
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ûеõ˵Ŀ϶𸴣ֱӵİ˴ԼĻУһסļ
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ͷȺһġɱһСߣ˵߻ŵϢϹ𣬴˵أʺϾ
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Դ䡣


257 ж

ҹ޼ɵɢɽҰҲڵ֮졣
ѻʱʱţԤʾŲϢ
˳ʵšڿ½ء
楷ƳƵһû뵽ᷢչ˵زûеνԴͲ̫
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ͷһΪضΪжٶȷǳѸ١ܹѸٵء
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258 ҵ˼

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260 й

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ûκδ򶷵ĺۼƲҲһĺԣվסš


261 в

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ӰɲǵϣҲӵȨ


262 ̸

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ĺһߡ
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˵ĺ뷨ֻҪٶ죬û̸ʲô־
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ͬʱϵʱȼţŮĲӰԾġԵ˯֮ɢã˿ɼġ
á
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楷ȴԵվɴ۾ˮ۾ŲԵĹ⻪
ô¶ôĶѵǷʲô𡣡


263 

˴۶С۵ġ
̿˵ǵ㡣
ҿŲңں̶ֻ㡣楷ƺԥĲ𴩴ļٻ
ZһΪͬĵ˵ͷ
Ҫƿ⣬Ȼǣǲ㽲
磬ȵȣȥĵطܲ㷹
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ZָָָǶİӰɲ
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楷ŻСδ˻ĵطķݡ
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˿˼ȵǵ建ų֮󣬷Ǵüͷϸоһ
Ŀɨӵĺܿ죬ûпʲôԾҲûʲô⡣
楷ΪʲôҪЩʧ޵ģöûסˣ˵ҲӦòʲôݷŶԡ
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ǲȫ
ϸҲˣС֮»һСʳ


264 

һʳżСۣȻǼҡ
Ҳò֮Ͽ΢΢ȾѾ졣
ζ˼ۣҲûƵﻹ˵ټ
ҹɫ˾ڲ֪ƣţʱʱ˸ŵǹ׺һƬҹĻ֮ϡ
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ZԼظԵ÷ԺѾǸÿء
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Ҹҵ˵ʲôڶҳϣӲĻ᲻˴㣬չ¶ʲôӢۺúأ
˵νȴǷ˻Լһ޼ɵ


265 

Ϊɳϡ
ӰûкǶҲԸı¶ԼϢ
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ԥͰˡ
֮ͬɽѵˮХ˳ƸϽķ
»ص˺档ų׵


266 ҵ

˵ֱӰ䵽ԼĻʪģȴŵ΢Ц
ҵˣѾȥˣĻ
΢Ц㹻ᡣ
ֺαôðգ齻ͺˡ̶ӦںϿš
˵УȻҲ֪沢Ǻӣġ
չ¶һ΢Ц
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Ѹɾ·˹
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ZѵõϢһ뽪
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ֻҪԸһ֪̽˵Ǽ١


267 »

ҹɫŨĲ񻰣Ǳ˻ӺīĻ
楷Сƹӡûзκε
˳ʱ·һֱǰţѸٵǿʼó̵·ڡ
ǣ֮ǰܻƵɽڣѾɢȻͬĹԣӳ֮¸ԼȺ͹졣
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ڴʱܷϡĶһĨ¹ֱԵ֮ϡ
Ӱɲ̧ͷܹ汻˴һСȻһöںɫҩ


268 ҵ

һߡ
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ȷԽ֪ԽãܼǱ˴˵ìܣðӰɲԼпɳ֮㿴ɲнŵ𣿹ȻǾ֪˻ڵء
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ԽнԽǾõսľÿһߵóΣա
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˵ķ϶֮溵Ĺâ˸á
һס֡
ˣ򸴺󣿡
еѾ⡣
ƲʽƮɢš
̫ĹµɢһƬ֮ϣֻԽģԽӳط˵ӹײ
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ͬ楷
֮䣬Ȼ񹤵ķֿ˰ֱôֵѷ죬ѷһΪ侮־
˳ټҲ±ٵСڶԱߡ
νĻˣֻڵĵطһţȻ˰סˣǾ·һ
Zظ׶༪١Ҫ׷
Ҳֻܹ
楷֮˸ˮ⣬˳ѯʵǿԺһ𣿡
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楷ĻҲиӦ
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Ѿ뷨ֻ΢õһ裬Ѿ߰˳ߵĶţ
Сһ㣬Ȱ֯ɣҵĲοһóȻȥĻʬδ档
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Ѿ
İЩһΪΣ黨١
ĳԸǻӻ
̰Ѿ֯õ䣬ڴкСġ
СһЩȲĻǾͻק㷢ʲôΣգ͸Ͻҡ˻Ѹٵİġ
һһ˵ĺ塣
͵ͷȻְһ
ģǲµġ
ѸٵİԼ䣬һǱһûƣ֮һԾ¡
еҪİЯĻɣֻҪСģǻĻˣֱֻܹۣ˱൱Զľ롣
ʯʮֶͣʯᾡ
ϸĹ۲ŷʯڵԱߺһĻơ
Ʋ㣬ʱʱеεĵطͻأȴ£еĵطԵıţⲻͬЧҲĥ͸
ǰЩƼԺһ˲š
ܹܵĺϴţԽ¾Լ˫ŷʹڹ
㲻׵ʯͷûʲô⣬ǷĹ߾ˣܾҲˡ
֪˶ãܴ档
ŻϸεһȦ
ʯذ塣
ܣȴͨġ
ʯ϶´ֱɣһԲӡ
ĵ׶Ҳֻһô
ĴĴȴҲûпκεĻأȴһССİۡ
ĵƹУܹĿƵĻƺһ֡
üͷ˲䶼
⻨ǹùĻơԤʾҪѪҺӿȥԵܹõء
س洫ķĹ֮С


269 ׷

ڴʱͻȻĶˡ
ܹܵѸٵʧȥ
룡룡
ZҲȸܵʧȥѸٵĽкţûκ˵Ļظֻлϵš
̵ϡ
ǾΪҺúõţȥ
ôУҪȥĻҲûȥɣȥĻҵĻ顭
Ѿ˶ѾնһߵʼΪԼ֯ű
ҲǷҪܹŮ棬Բԣ
ͷͷǵ˵
үʧȥϵҵ⣬ԡҵȥһǾ棬ĳµĻ
ԼڴļСƿӸ˳ɫʱ롣
Щ׷ǾͰЩƿӶо֮С
еĹЧ߸ǡ
Z˸š
ȷҲҪʲôĻɾˡ
⵴ǵϣɫ졣
楷ƼԼȰҲû˰취ֻܹ̾һ޿˵ľ档
Ȼ˵ĻҾͺͻúõŽ㣬ҲҪĲʲôģһиǾԡѪս
Ŀ֮ѵõĴŵǡ
̰İԼϣһԾ£ʯڱеĸӶ͡
ʱѾ˱ƽ
뾿ڵص·ʲô黹ö֪һ뵽Σա
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楷Ҳû뵽׹ٶȻ֮죬ӻ̿֡
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楷ĵ˵ͷһ޳ɵĻ˻ʼŮ
ĬĬ˵š
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ֻܹ²ߣҲʯ϶͵Ļơ
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ζϤˡ
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ġ
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ʧټ
ϸļһβһб档
ǵĺۼ
̴üͷӵɻ
ô죿
⵶ۿԼľǷʲô飬˵Ķ
֣ȻϸĲ鿴ŵ棬ʯĹâѪҺ֮£Եøӹ졣
֮Ҳͬע⵽ǸŻƵĻأֻһССİۿɰŨζȴûκεѪ
еĲ²Ѿų͡
Ȼû˵ļʶ㣬ǴҲ뵽⻨ӦþһѪĻأֻҪ㹻ѪҺȡ
ôؾܹһط
ҲǵסԲŻп
Ҳ˶ԼСԼʳָһʹֻտ롣
ڳĻɢȵı顣
̵ѪҺӦصʱ򣬻رǻĴ򿪣׹䡣
֮ǰѪҺССĻظˣܹء
֮Ѫкر
žߴ
׹ڵؿ̫ͻȻ֪ԭ￪һء
֧Լ̧ͷʶҪ鿴ܵǴһů塣
ȵĺţɫ԰һƬ
̽İĵƹ⣬ϸĴһ
ʧѪࡣ
ûˣϽԸСióЧҩιԡ
ڵȴѵʱҲϸƣ￴ƽƽģʯڵϷѾһһơ
ЩúɢǵĹԡ
˻
һʱĻع飬֧Լ
ϸţҲû뵽ԼȻ֮ǰðյľٶĲ²һĻڣͬ
ֻܹܵϤϢߣһ


270 

Щ𣿻ûоﲻľ̶ܸ
˵ʮֵĿǵϷŤתţܹ¶ĵġ
΢΢ҡҡͷ
ӺЩˣ̶ҲҪ̫ġ
һס֣԰׵𽥵ĸѪɫ
ҲͨѪķʽ򿪻صģ
˵ͷĿ˼ĿϸŤתţܹΧǽһɢĻƵĵƹԼĻơ
ЩƿʲôΣûйɣͬ˻һĴڰϣǧӿݡ
˵֮ǰѾܶˣʱûзЩʲôεĵطûʲô⣬ĻҲ֪
סƬ֪Ƭ͹ĵطѾļ
ֵ˵ôôСģ
֪ĸܵ˴ʹ΢΢ҡҡͷȴƬһ׹⣬ڰ׹ӳ֮£ܵûɵů
ů̷ܹ֮֮ǰǰͬƬڷ˵εεĹ⻷𽥵̣һĨѪɫ
š
뵣סļ򣬰ԼĻУƬϸоţǻûпƬʲôŹֵĵط
ܾǲ֮ףϸϸס֡
ָ·ѾƬһƬѿĵط˱˿ѪҺ
³´лĺܿ죬˿ѸٵĽǳ˰̣ѪҺĵطƬһ
Ƭ𽥱˰Ѫɫ
⡣
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ûиоﲻ³ҵľƬ
鲢ûиоʲôֻͬǾЩƬӦûʲôġ
˵
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ƺϡ
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Ƭʧ
ͬҳһʧããĿ֮УţÿҡҷĹԣĵĵƹ֮£һжͬͻһ㡣
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
Ϣһҹȥ֮ǰүʧѪ࣬ҵĻʲô⡣
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˵ʲôͬǾԲһôΣյġ
ȴνҡҡͷ
ŵĵطеúƶģ˵һƬ氵Ļ¾Ǿһ
үʧѪҲûʲôôΣյʱǾԲȥġ
Ҳ֪˻ڵ˶á
ʱȡ
ӰɲһöʱըһʹĻǾȥ޻ˡ
ȴץס󣬲֪Ѿճһۼڡ
һһ˵顣
̶ѵñԸһ˹ȥðû
Ųɷ˵İԵһԵġ
֪Լܲˣֻܹ΢΢̾һ
Ȼ֪ȴĥʱ䣬ǴĿԣѾˡ
ȵĶȹʱǲ̫ܵģͳԼһѡ
ΨһһˣͿˡ
ʣµĶ׼ãĦţԼոճֵ˿ƬѾʧ˺ۼ˿ڸоκεʹ
˿Ѿۿɼٶϣû˰̣⻬ͬһ㡣
üͷ
ܾΣҲ֪Դĵطʲô
ӣӰҲЩܲ·ˡ
밲Եı
̶Ҫ̫ܷ࣬Ĵ󵨵ȥͺˡ
˵ĺܼ򵥡
ĵ˵ͷչ¶һЦݡ
ĺıƽȣùֱ³һѪѪй
˶˼֡
̸һźɫҩ衣
֮ǰ׼ҩ裬ҵжܹٶҩ
˵Խ߿Խ֮ͨǰ۲һҲǷѾãпΪͣж
Էһ
˵ǰҩȥͬʱֻŻߵǰ̲ݻ
黹ɡǰ
ҲΪڷ絲ꡣ
ĵ˵ͷĿ˸ŷ
˳Сһ˲ǰС
ֽǣ̣Ըɿ֣ͬʱҲĴĴţʲôء
˵ĺ𽥵ıйɣŵƻתͣ


271 ⻹кܶ

Ҳ֪˳·˶ãԽԽ᫣Ǹоһ¡
ͬʱҲǽѣѽȼˡ
ȵѳȼմʱҲΣѽٵʱ
ڰ
ߵֻкڰб˴˼ٵĺ
ǰ棬˫ѾܺõӦ˺ڰֻܹܿǰߡ
һֻǣ̣һֻǽڣС
ȷ˷֮ȶֺͽ̽ÿһߵʵ׵ȻһֻΪȥ
ֻܹ˼ٵĺ
ҺȥʱҲ׼ĸˮҲ֪ܹãҲû֪һ·ܹ߶á
ǰ̤һܹϸ΢
ﰵвãһСĴʲôء
еĵ⽣ӰûǷɱĵƹǵͷ
۾̵һʹ˫۾ȵӦǿ֮󣬲ſ̾һĻ
鱦
Ľ鱦ɢĹ
ǰǳɰǧӣٵҲѾķ϶϶涼ǽӲӵӺͻƽ𣬻вٵ觶ѻǵ롣
Сһۡ
թ
鱦ĳʵ̫ͻȻ涼ŸûʵϢ
ҲҶΣֻĿϸоһҲ֪Щƽ鱦Ǽ٣Ҳһʱ䲻Ҷж
˱վĽӲ
̧ͷܣȷڰʾдһ֡
ƣţӢ鱦ǹ֮ɵãɵߣ̰֮Զ˼һ̰ŭ
̽˵һĭ⡣ֻʵϣ鱦޿ȡϹ֮
˽𾪲ѡ
Щ鱦˽²ţͬĴڡ
ֻЩ
뿴һ̣Ϊ͵δ˵ЩĴڣҲǺܶ鱦ЩֻģѾǰڡ
ѵǰŲ
üͷѾ˴ŵķ
Ӧġֻ
еԤǿңͨͨǿš
Խܲʵ
Ļ
廨ţҲмأضǰѵ˵ָ
νѵˣ㰴ѪԵϵзֲֻҪѪͳԽŨأԽ׾ٵؽ⿪Щ⣬أԽѪҺûκεѪԵϵֻ·һᴥյĻء
Ļ
˵ЩǰĻҲ׾ٵİЩ򿪡
ҲԼĸĸЩϹϵǺЩ΢˵ҵûô򵥣ϸүܹЩ򿪵Ļ˵
ЦЩ⡣
ҲԵ޿κΡ
Ҳ顣
ǻķԸ˹ԭ
һ̸֮󣬲ź֪ķֹϷ֮ǰ߶ѾʧµĿһǺš
ЩоܹѸٵϳɺһļǺһѪ׵ķš
Ҳ˵ֻҪԼѪҺνȥ൱ˣԺֻҪܹϼѪҺܹеĻس׵Ĵ򿪣Ҫٹǧࡣ
̶һѪҺ档
Եòףǿ̲ݻȻˣóԼЯСʳָмһССİ̺ۡ
ѪҺȥ
εѪҺܹɺ̷׵ͿĨϴɫ
ɫԡ
֮Ƿž춯عƽЩ鱦˾ΡȻġ
ֳһ¥ݡ
Ӧǳڡ
ͨѪķʽ޽Լ֮̾ԼŹĬܹЩصʲô;
ЩŶݼ׵ֻ֪˭ģ־̲ʲôء
ȴζ˵ʿ϶֪ЩȻĻͲҪ̫ӱ
Ļֻ»س̵·ϻ᲻̫ù޿κε̾һʶסԼոյѪԼ˿ڡ
˼ҲкαأһҪ㣿ǩһԼ֮󣬵ȷٸҷֺãֻĻ
ܹӵѪҺܹϰͨЩء
ԥԡ
˵ôûʲôͼ֤Ҫ


272 ׼

ǧ࣬ڿѵõĹ
̺粢ż˳
楷˳ʱһZ
̫ˡ
һͬʱ䣬˻
Ӱɲô죿֮ǰĵĺܣڿ鵹򵥡
̳ǰ˰֣һ˱֮ǰŰӰɲС档
ӰɲѾʧ֮ǰ廨ġ
ڲֻӣ¡¡ģ·ڳǵΪ
ϸоһ
ȴԵɻ󣺡˵ǲܵģҲ̶صзˣûô׾ƿǷʲô飿
һ
ʱʲôʽѵģֻӻ֮ǰһǮҲûʲôп
˵Ĳš
ĻܵģʣĽҲ˵ԡ
˵ǹķʽ
֮ǰѨӡˣӦò书Ŷԡ
楷ϸֳ൱
ҵĻ²ӣ֪ˣΪһСĲķ
ûж˵ЩʲôŵİеⶼѹԼϡ
楷һӿš
ȴļʾϽ侲ᡣ
ڻôӵģи
Ӱ˶˵ز˾ǸϽߡ
ZɫҲ𽥵ı侲˳֮ǰʱ·Ͻߡ
Ѿͣ档
֮ǰΪ˶ĿǹһǡƵ
ѹǳݡ
Ѿ졣
̼ٵ˵ǵøϽߡһһĻ¾Σաɫ
ٲߵĻûлˡ
ڣೡ
ȻǳǺѪӦӵĳϣѪЩá
ֻܹȷܵúܿ졣
һ֡
߳⿲ɽ֮ȴһ֣ʻɫΧס
ɽ֮ǣ¶һĨ㡣
Ӱɲĺ棬ġ
֮󣬻ҺɫѪҺ˳
²㣬ࡣкã
Ӱɲ˻֮µѪӶˣԾɱģ֪Լüֵ޽
Ҳ֪һĽоҲǺҵĶ˸
һ˫ɫ֮иĻ롣
һɲǣˣĹ뷨
ȣڳҩܹ֮ݵĻָ͸֧Ϊۡ
Ѿˡ
ȻȻͳΪһ˫ĺϷ
ܹѸٵѣڰӰҲջһϾ㾳أҲûз롣
ȥһ׮̸
ͬʱ
ӰɲԵʱķʽϾ㡣
Եν
ȥҶ֪ôˡӰɲЦһ֪һжǸҪġ
ˡ
ЦЦСֻĿ΢ɲƮݣܹĶŭ
ӰɲţǿԼͷӿѪԸ⿴ԼǱ
粻١
໹Ӱɲıʯ˸⻪ҲӦ֪ģ֪ܲһ
Ĳ鲻Ը
֪ڻԸĿʾˡ
˵ҲЦõİӰڣǻǴƤߣȻû⣬ӰɲΪемңȻǿĸʹ
ԣڣ
Ĳ˵ֻǺαˣ
Ѿǽ֮ˣαںôࡣ
ѾˡΪ֯ô飬ڣ½Կա
ֻǾҴˣҴе
ĵЦšЦЦ޼ɵ
пܵĻԸصʮǰԼһж
ҸˣǣҴʲôӰɲ״޿ܣȻ·Ҳûңһһˡ

˵Զˣ˵ġ
Ҫʲô
ʹڴһűƤߣҲ޷ڵࡣ
õԤС
˵ǺǻΪΣܹܵӰɲ衵ɱ⡣
ɵϱֻļһСһǸʮꡣ
ʮճ
һֱԼ
ڣ˪Լһ˶ҩ˸ãϻơ
һֱ֪ˡӰɲԼΪﾡšҴڡ


273 ȥ

ʱڴ˿̲Եþִٲ
Ӱɲ֪Լˡ
ӵһУֽһȫȻʧ
΢ͣ
Ȼ˵Ļ֮Ҳûʲô˵ˡ
ӰɲЦĺ֮ǰȸӵѣһȻδ
Ȥ
ҲӦ֪ģϲһСԣҲʲô¡
һܹܵµţĵȥ
Ƥۿɼٶȱøӵɳ˥ϣһж޷ģҲǲС
εĿ־塣
ûŮԼ˵ЩºԼ֮ϡ
ϰš
¶Ҫһߡ
˵ĺ
ӰɲپԼеڴʧգΪŨصЦ
Ǳ˳֣һжĺ绽֮䡣
䲻֪һ߷ʲô飬֪˰ӰɲȻ³ҲЩꡣ
ꡣ
Ѹٵ뿪ʱûΣգֻҲ̫ƽӡ
楷Ŀ⣬Ĵ롣
ôое㲻Ծ
̾һ
Zȴζ˵ţ֮ǰǾıأҲȥѯˣЩ鶼ǵġûйϵһصǵݡ
楷æ֣Ը˵Ļ
֣˵ʲôء
ҲԸ⿴˵龰ֵС
ȴȻȻĵ˵ͷõĽʽ
ԾƯš
̴ǺһĨǳЦݲȡ
ȷˣٶȼʱǾȻǶˣȻܸм֮ǰǵİǽϦͬˡ
ҡ
楷ȴԸ⿴һ֮ǰʱȻѣһģڻصֻܹյҹ֮С
֮Ҳ֪Ǻá
楷üͷϸţѾⷬ磬Ҳı䲻ˣֻܹĬZ
̺ס˴˵֡
ƬǸѾΣֻǵѪܹ򿪣үү԰꣬Ҫ̫⡣
Ļܹǡôĸƽӡ
ڴ裬žˮŷţӭ׵罻֯ȻڵҹĻޱ޼ʡ
Ҳ˿κεϣ
üͷ
̶Щֻǵ鹫ڵĻĻӻ㲻
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ܵȵʱ⡣
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һ鴫˳ȥ̫ӱºͳԸΪǣͲסįġ
ء
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ʱ䶼ûķĶˡֻЦЦǵЦ·ڳ
ʫ᲻ô򵥣׾ٵĽЩ飬ҪһʺءĶ˵ʫʲôԸˣҺֹôȻҲ׵ģûô䡣
Ҳûô׻
סļ򣬰׾ٵĴԼĻ
ȻŵԻѾ˵飬ÿһ˵ʱԼеı㡣
ɫ֮У֣صĹâͬʯ
ű̶ֻҪбڡʫҪǸʲô
˵֣ء
ǳǳס֡
ҿ϶үġôķ궼㾭ˣֻүһֱߵһ㣬̶Ǵȴġ
ˡ
֮лĹâ
ֻǼ򵥵Ľһд˵֮ǰ˵һģڻûκεķ顣
ͬˣټ򵥵ϴѶ֮鷿һ˱ҹ̸
вٵļ
˲ıϣȻ˲ΪͬһŬţ˵Ŭĳ̶ֳһģһġ
ͬΪǵδ
ȵ⽥ɢ
̻һ·Ʋȥ֮ǰµţյŨױĨȴǡôںڵĳ̳һ١
Եס
̺ҲһЦӣǲ֪ʱӲڳкöŮ涷أѹ֮£̫ȻӰ֣˼䣬˵ӻˣһҪȥһ˻ʹ


274 ʺ

Ŵ˻İѺ챦ʯ̵ˮԼķ档
̴ֳľӣᴹĳȻոõˮ
ɫƿ֮ɢ˾Ĺԡ
ЩƿӿɶɢľĲƷԶԶﲻĸ߶ȡ
ЩװľһЩСһЩȥʹʱ򣬶ϡ
ķԸһ
̺ȴԵøԽţҲ֪ȥˡ
ôо⼸ûм棬֮ǰԵˡ
ĬĬ߶ţȴûκεı仯ܹ赭д΢Ц֮ɢ
ͬд⻭
̿ĻǾޱĹװȥЩϸ־Ǿޱ˳ȹһ˲һԵ˶˳ˣΪ䵭
ȻҪ̫ģȻҪԵùһЩɰһЩµŵ
ĸԼҺɫĴױ˶ºͿף
⿩ġ
Уݲȵ
ʫҲյһõɫĳȹɫģײɫĴȴŵĸо
̧üͷʵȧ֮оɢζ
û뵽ýջ֪
Щûжš
̾ȥֻļ֪ʫȻų⡣
Ϊȥֻǳȥɢɢġ
Ӹµ̣֮ѵõ¶˼ֽӡ
ڿǲˣֻȥһ˽⣬;ԼܹҫĻȰûҪɡ
̵ʱǳһըҩһ˵һжĪ
̶ȥﻹġ
ͷǰţߵ̫޹ܹƱ̣һƬĻ⣬ӳ֮Եòʤ
һеıʯƺ¶ǵΡ
ʫһԲһССС¶һĨ΢Ц
ڣʺ̨Ժ󹬵ȫȫĶǽ̫ġ
ʫҲ˷ӣҪλĻ֮»ȻĻô϶Ҫֺ̫
չ¶΢ЦҲӸ߰
䲻֪ĶҲ֪ûô򵥣żӣµģһԵĹŮǣ˵˼仰֮ű㿪ˡ
ģȴɢЩĺڶ֮¸Եꡣ
̫һ˴ڴǰ棬ƾĵɢȴǳֻܹں㷢
̫󿴵һϲ
òô̫ոഺˡ
̫΢Ц˹ȥ
СѾͷͿĲˡ̫Ƶİ˰֣ǷԸһԵĹŮСƷ͵ġ
ʫں߹ԵøӵΣѣ̫ȫȻûע⵽ڳ΢Ĳˡ
ɫįݼš
ЦЦζ˵ʫҲ˼Ĺ̫󡣡
ʫǶѻЦǡô
ʱ̫ӹ˺ܶࡣʫ˶ĲݣϣԺܹһЩЩǶӹǺõĺܡ
̫̲ű̻Ĵɱĺһڱݴ
ҲǺõġˮЩսȥɡ
ѹûơ
ʫɫεĲˡ
̳˸Ҳûж˵ӻԼֱߣڲǸʱ
ʫҲ֪Ϊʲôǳըҩһ˭ֱӷֱӵİѶ͹ȥԼڹ
Ϊ˱Щ飬ɴװӷֻȰϵĶꡣ
ʫȴﲻζƾʲô໹ֺá
ֱֻ̫ʲôָĻ˵
ôѾͷջġ
̫΢΢ĳȥѹûУۿŹӡ
Ѱ˼ҲĶָ֮ȴԵøӵĸ߹
ʫֻЦ֪ԼĲʱ򣬵Ҳûа취ֻܹӲͷƤ˵
⻹̫𣿽ʱ䣬ǸϽʫҲһƵƷһں裬ƾԼչ¶һĨǵ΢Ц֮
˵ǰЩæòӡ̫岻ãķԸֹȥѰҶĲݣһѰҲѰ˺üµĹ򣬵ȶˣʫҲȻʱЦˣƽЦˣ
žڳ̡
̵û˼΢΢̧˴ǣЦһȦһȦ
˼ʫǳƵء
ֻ⼸쾿ûбͼͲ֪ˡ


275 ֺò

ƲĶζûΪ˿̶Եĵš
Ϊ̫΢΢̧üͷϸĶʫøŨ
ʫһʱ֮ҲǽҲǡ
Ҳ֪ô
̫۾ͬһĶδ
̲ҲǴ𣿽ʱˣǰеҲ͸̫İɡ
Ҫܹ̾Щʲôѵ͵ĸӹ
δء
ǺЩĵɪЩĲݿķةҵġ
̻ʲô
Ȼ˵Ļ̶׳ˡ
εĴһŵ뿪֮ڰԼ׼˹ȥû뵽ʫͲסį
ɹֲˡ
̴ǵ΢ЦǡôǸߵСӶ˹ŵʯһԣʵĳŸεġ
ӵ뻹Сɵıһ¼
̫ĵ˵ͷ⿴װ֪ġ
Ҳ֪¼ϲġ
̶ˡ
ʫԽԽﲻζӻû򿪣ôˣѵĶͲúܡ
̴ݲȵƿеǰĴӣֻܹŵõ廨Ʈɢڿ֮С
ûõ廨ʮֵǳڿ֮еţ񼴽Ҫȥһ롣
ʫһСţҲֻǼõ廨飬ѵ;õ廨ܹ̫ϲˣ
̲סıԹţҲû뵽̫ȻǰⷬǸУ֮о
ģҲԵòڡ
ʫǸôˣϤˣķУ䣬
罥ĴһԵĲʴɢķ㡣
ӣ
̫֮еľϲá
Ӳ㵭ţаЧķӵĻͣĿľǸ̫̲塣
СiȡǰĴæܹʮķӣѹССһ޻͡
̫ġأЩ̶ԼģҲ֪̫᲻ϲ
䣬ĿŸɫʵƿǵĳǲԼͬɢܵĹԡ
̫һ
ѡЩЩģʽԼĿġ
Ǹ̫ϲĶ
ѡĵʱ빬ĿľôƷɢĹ⻪
ʫԼĶѷɫ
Ҳζ
ĲݿǺںһŶȵôʡ
ﰲοԼ
Ҳ֪ЩʲôãЩģһĲô
֮гŵ⡣
ҲںԼ˵Ļǲв
һЦԸŵĻҲûзӣֻЩҳ̫ǲŵġ
֮и˵
֮ǰ̫ùȾ࣬ͷںҳ֮Ҳд˲ٵţһЩǿҩ
̫ǳԹùЩġ
̫ӡ
ľ绪̧̫ۣһԣԵʫ
˵ʲô˻Ҫ̶֪ѾͷҲٵæʱʱ̹̿Űҡ䲻٣ѵõ𰧼ңðһʲôȥǹҰˣҲʲôɵӣȻоϡ
ʫ˵һһģı֮пɻûмΡ
һ뵽Ժ˵Щ̵ģӵĲˡ
ֺ̫αˣǼλӻ̫뷨ͬ겻ʫίͰ͵֮УỨھӨˮ֮˸Ź⡣
һ˵ģԼ顣
ԼΪ鱻ðˣҲǻͬߵһ㡣
Ҳ֪Ƕ̵ġʫڳһίֲӣȷûûЩ˼롣
аɡ
ڴǷһĨЦ⻰˵ƽʱĹ̫һ롣
㣬̫ģ̫ǾϷĽ鱦
嵭ŪԼķβ۹ⶼͶݸ̫ġ
Уûᣬۿ֮кͮͮģøҼ
ȻƴݼĻǾͿ˭ݼȽϺã˭̫۰ɡ
ǵ˵š
ԺЩںĶǵһ⣬ֻҪģҲ̫һܹܵõ


276 ռϷ

һ˵
ʫö׵ˡ
˵ЩҲһĵͷ˵Щʵ˵Ŀ
֮ǰôķ仯֯еĻڵƽϲ֡
ɸߴʤ
֮Ĺ⻪ʼյϡ
ȻҵһԼ뷨Ůӡ
⺢ӡ
ЦЦڷΡΡ
ʫǸɣ뿪⸱ڵӣʵû̫Ĺϵ΢ɲ̾һûκε뷨
ó׵ףġ
̣һܱ
ҡʫȭŴһĨа΢Цôڳӿı仯һ֪
ǽԾ֮ǰĻ̣ɫǽŸͦţԵĮ顣˪
ȴֱÿ궼ͿĨµĺᣬԵһͬոһ㡣
̫
ЩӣѾͷȥ
̺̹ϵİľ渵ˡ
̫ȻѸߣǲûе϶֪ʱȥæˣҲò׼
һ£Щ߸Ժοô죿
ԣѲõѡ
˵һ̹̹絭΢Ц
̫Ҳǽζġ
Ҷû뵽СѾͷģôĵӡ
ǵһƬ֮ǰ鶯̫ͬ
֮ǰʱ򰧼ҵԴڵʱﻹǰҰġ
Ҳûк϶٣ѾûʲôˣҲһǲп¡
֮ѵõĴűˣû뵽չ˵ز޿κΡ
䲻ף̫İʲôôһԲ
Ҳ֪ԼЩʲôֻǾվ
Դ̫л㱵߶ţǸõĵطаҵһλˣֻ֪˻ڲڡ
סͣҲ֪ټӦ˵Щʲôղ˵Щһѵӣ̫ϲš
Ҳûʲô飬ϾЩҲעԵ޷ݡȥȥɣҲܱʲôûҪһЩ
̫·Цúܿӣ̵š
ƺһеĿοֻһԺ󱲵Ľ̻塣
̺ȷԼûп̫֮еݼš
ûйĸֻ̾ڼţ̫߶߶Źȥһηƹᴩʱ⡣
תơ
ҹ⽥ɢһƬ֮֮ǰǵƺ̵һƬǹӳ֮£Եһ㲡
һУɼ
̫˼ĸ̾ˣðͷѪķնҪϽǣǾΪʲôΪΪ𣿡
ΪΪӦ˽һ䣬ð˵ֻܹ̫벽λãפͦš
̫Ϊ⣬˻ߵԼĸǰ
ѾͷصģģҲĳҲ֪Թ﾿˼롣
ǿ䣬һСɵӨӨˮ
ΪҲǸӵϲôһ˼
Ӧþνġ
̾ߵֵز컯ڷ絭֮ʣֻһˡ
̲סѡ
ƵЩ飬ҲˣҲ㲻˱顣
գգۣл̫ĹģЩ鱾Ͳ̶ܹóģֻе˲Ըš
ôҵ꣬ҲΪЩߵ˾㡣
̫ӡһηһԺ󱲵ĹػȴϧĻ顣
Щע߲ģСѾͷͨ͸Ҳף԰ҲԸ˵Щʲô
ĵ˵ͷ
ʱҲ쵽أȻȥɡ
̴ݲȣ׼ȥû뵽һƬҹĻ
楷СŹչ¶һĿ΢ЦЩԹ
̶ò׵Ĺһˣڹ죬Ҳ楷ơ楷һæķԼΣò𡣡
ġ
̫˵ͷ
楷ƱǸϽס̵ֱ۱ıǰš
̫һͣ󣬷һ棬Լഺ·ֳʱһͬĻˡ
һõΣһеĿɼͣ
ڲӳĵʧ֮ҲһеĲͬγɹ
һʱԵη塣
֪ЩվǿԴģЩβԡ
ƱáҲδ˵
ȥɡ
ֻܹһװ֮յĹ⻪
һж㣬Ӧأĭƻ
̫ĬĬ


277  

׺һƬҹ֮ϡ
楷˸߲ҵһĨЦݣҲ΢
㣬ô˵ҪĻҾһȥ̫޹档
楷Իá
̺ȸӳȣͬˮһ㰲ԾԾԵСԴ
ⲻΪ·ͻȻҸһظҵǡʱ򣬹𡣡
ӳȤ
楷Ʊһߴߴ˵˺ܶࡣ
һ˵죬˶թıƵĻ㣬һŮ˼ζŮ֮УҲ˵ͨ͸
罥Ĵ΢΢̣ݺĻϢ
˶һ硣
楷ƿǧ˵һҪȥһ԰԰Ȼʢ¼
Цڱ߽شģ˿ɶǿϼ̶ۡ㣬һҪúõĿһ
ͻһжôô
ɣĿɲЩЩܹܲҩЧ
̸ֻЩʱ򣬱һλŮһɫѣ׷׵˹
Ǵ̶˰
ŮǺŲ̲ЦݣǽԼƽ£˹֮кŵĻʡ
һλǣ
Եòԡ
λŮģǶޢ껪СŮģһ·
楷΢䣬ɫЩѿ
ǣŮĽԼ
ȻûжáʶҲȻġ
̵˵ͷʮַܵĳЦЦȴЩֹ
⺢ӿԼСóƵˣôֱӵĽ˻ʹأ
楷ҲһѾ֤Щ⣬ڻóֻܹװ·

ȻһͻҲνֻʼ
ȻǻµĻͻȡӣȵҲǺ¡ȻѹסԼ仰ѵĲˣٵܹùе˵ĻҲǺ¡
楷һ֮ǰĻѾʧ
ҲҪʵġڳҵӡ
楷ЦЦʲô飬ҺôҲǸȻԸΪҵŵģأʲô˵ġ
һ
楷ƾøɴ۲Ĳģȥһߡ
Ȼ΢΢ЦЦˡ
˭֪Ƥأ
ķ˵
楷ȴѹһֱ׵ĿȻӰ֮ôһζ
㲻֪жô֡楷˵ȻĸıֶŮ㿴Ҳ֪ˣոռûá
֮еĸ˵飬ȲİԼҰĸǰˣĸλ
΢΢̧ͷ
⾿Ƿʲô飿ջϵĸԣҲԲںһλŮӡ
ȻССģôСͱ˺֮У»ǣǵٹۡ
楷ͬҲΪԻѡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôʡҲ֪ʲôԻģͶġ
Խ˵ԽԼߵҪը
ҲûĽ֮£鷢ľ
ȻɲôˣĻȻֻռҵĶŮݵ΢ࡣ
Щò׵ķˣ
Ȼڵվ˽Ÿ֮󣬾ͰԼ˼˺֮У֮ǰʺ̨飬ıֳˣһӡ
ǡô˻ϵע
϶ԴŲͬѰִš
Ȼ
еķǷ֮ѾԾȻֽϣʹļλĻͲסϵĳ谮һʱͷ
˭ҪԵʱĹȥ飬񲻾Ǹ߻
Ƕ뷨û
楷̾һ
ҵû뵽ˡ
ίίᡣ
Ȼôܹĸʬأ
ţΪ˳һֻºͣƺûΪЩ̫뷨
һͷİɡ롣֮Уܵĳ谮Խ࣬ǱԽ˸㲻ֵĻҲб˳ֵģֺαԼ֡
ס֡
ȻڻûжҲˣ˸ոĿݵĽ֮֯䡣
Ȼƻһ


278 

Ȱ⣬楷ƹĵ˵ͷȻԼ˼ҲûΪ⻰Ļתôķϣ¶һĨ件Цݡ
ƫǵϡ
ɫ磬׼뿪
ﻹкܶء
楷ֻܹͷ
Ŀţ۵ԽԶһеĵƺ̣Ѿʧ֮Уȴûиܵκεд⡣
̴ſڣ˴ǣû뵽˼
һӰվԼſڣɫƽԼȵʱܾá
Ȼˣ¶һЦݡ
Һõȡ
ô
ҲֹȻ϶ǲͬѰȻ
Ļ
ȻȴڳһŮ˵ģ
Ѿ˺ܾˡ̫ôȵģȥúõ̸һ̸ɣҲԸ⣬Щ鱻˸͵ˣԲԡ
ȻŹӡ
䲻֪ҪЩʲô⸱ģҲ΢΢ͷ
ҪȻҪЩʲô
ڴ֮ϣˮѾƵذڷǵԱߡ
Ȼһڣһ˵ζҲЩùˣѵòˮûѵǾñ𣿡
һɲǱŷ
޿κεĳ˳鴽ǣû뵽ǰŮϷô࣬ǲˮĿζ˼ôࡣ
ﲻϲĻһˮǣֺαءЦЦˣΪﲻˡ
Ȼû뵽ô˵ɫһ䡣
˵ϲ
̿żɽ˵ղź˵һ棬Ҳʲôһʵ飬ĳǰΪʲô飿
ɲȻʲô£
ȻԼԣбİٺϻ
⻰ô˵أ۹Щֱӵĸ˵˵ĻҪĲѡ
ǿ̶Ҳ޸ܣһۣʲôĻֱӵĹȥһ˴£˵ҲͦЦѽ
Լצ
ȻЦһѹһЦЦ¶ݣһ顣
⺢Ҳģֲʲôޡ
ôĻССĺ˵˾ЦԷǡ
Ҳܲ߸ϵ
Щ¹֪»ʺ֪ĺܡȻݸһЦ˴ǵĺߣƾǸʲô뷨ѵڻ𡣡
ܹ֮оζ
̧˴ǣﻹ̫ڿˡЩ鶼ȥôãѾƲˣֺαˣ
ͬİѲ豭ŵһԣĦȻȻһ鵹û뵽ֱӾܾ
ҧгݡ
֪֪ܾ˭
Ҳν
ﻹ̫߿ˡ̶ҲֻһЩ뷨бĻѰ߾͡
Һ͵ϸô岻˺ûбҪ
ȻȴԼͳһֽ
ôˣѵͲעһܷܷȥ𣿡
һҲҪģݵλû˸Ҷ
ܷܷȻģû䡣
¶Լ׵ݡ
ֻһٶĹעˣúõĹעһԼľزŶԡ
楷ƵĹػеġ
ԣڵӪҲܼ򵥡
ȻһԸģЦЦ
㵹Ĺģֻܹٵĺô˵䣬Ҷ֪һ
䡣һֵͳǻų
ֺαأ
͵ЦЦ߹ɿӰ
ѽ
粽õ˵ûлĻҵ̶Ҫ۸ˡٲ˵𣿡
˵ЩȫǳȻйԼŭġ
Ȼδӣ֮ɫǲ԰һƬûκεķ
ˣ޿ˣûκεĺ·
ȻԼݣ¶һĨֵ΢Ц
ںôǺ֮һ
ô裬ﻹȨƣ϶Ҳö̬Ⱥõ㡣
һЦס֣ұǲ㣬үҸûںıҪˡ
ȻҪԼҧˣδ˺޳֮ˡ
ȴǳЦӯӯģò˿ɽײ
ңܹȫĵĸܵů
Ȼ䵭һ˱ݡ
װֵһᣬ̬ʲôģ


279 ܾ

Խơ̾;ûʲôġ
˴໥һۡ
˵Ҳ޷
ȻεĲҡҲΪ仰׵ļЩǶ֪ĻպҲܹĻ
չ¶һĨ佾΢Цƺոҵ˵ü̲֮żֵĺ
ԽԵη壺ԺգչҲʵɻ󡣡
Ժ⼸־һѵĲ֮ϡ
֪ԼݵλȻȴʲҲ˵ģҲ͸˵Ҳ˵ĺˬ󷽣ñС
ЩαߵĻҲ˰ɣ̶ѹҲûҪԺ̹̹Ķľţҵ
Ȼ֮еı׳Ҳ̵ĺܺãԾʧһᡣ
ޱľ£̸۵ļĪĸܵͬһɺ
Ȼ·׷ףǼλ˼죬Ҫ̧ЬǸء
Ұչ¶¡
ȴԵνһԵĴоŲԼͬİԵ
Щ黹ҪģǼ£Сһ׮ĳƽ¶ˡ
ܾⷬǡô
ȻҲ֪ԼôҲԲǺԼһ£ֻñȣҡҷȹ뿪
ߵʱĹɢ¡
֮϶ѻűʯĹԣơ
Ŀó׵뿪СԵıԹ֣δͲ֪ʥΪΪ
Ȼʵ̫ˣǸСӣô˹ľأ
գϣһ㡣
̶Ҫ롣ֻѾ´گ顣
Ҳܹ²Ϊ֮ǰȥԴ顣
׻Ҫһ
һȻ˵Ļ絽ʱȥһ̽Ҳ֪ʥϾ˼ºıйϵ
䲻õϾ֪񱦲ص顣
ԲؼʱΥϵּ⡣
ɫƽ٣һɢɶȴܹɫ֮Уżḡֵ
Ƿǵ㡣
ϽԼ̸ĵصҲɺƽʫд⣬԰ʢĻ¶ŷҷ
õ廨Ǿޱ˷
ƾżķ˵˵ʱʱܹϢǵıǼ⡣
ϻһ·Ȼɫıװҹɫ֮ƽһƽ׽ˡ
ĿǴ̣ȴһ˵ĺ⡣
Դȥˣ
⻰˵Ī
ZҲԸ֣ȻȻ֪ġ
ĵ˵ͷûж˵
ҲһԽӹ˻⣺Ȼǵġ
ȻѾȥˣ϶ǿ˲ĲرͼͱĶԲԣ
ò׼ڻϵ˼ҲĵͷӦһ
һֹ
ڻϵ˼ܼ򵥣ǰѱϽ
ôĽ鱦ԤʾԺܹӵиĲô׾پԸϽأĹչֶѡ
˵ҲɣǺķǧ࣬һ̫ӱºͳЭ֮£ү̶Ҳûܹݡ
˵С
Ҳ뷨
ܿ뷨ͼ
ôҪֱӵİѱͳȥԼҲвʡ
ⱦⲻ̵Ѫ䴿ܹؾ˵ⶫºйء
漰̫ʦ
ɫһ̫ʦ˽ĻҲԴﲻɵйĳ̶ȡ
Ծɻš
ȴƿһĨǳЦҲûΪǵⷬ롣
֮ǰŹⱦûô״򿪣ȴ֪˭ģѲƱѻڴˣֻкѪԵϵ˲ܴ򿪡
¶˺ƵЦݣû֪۵׵Į
ⶫѾͷģҲûôСĳСѾͷЩ
˻һ
̲΢иһȴ֪Ͼ˼Ļܹ侲֡
ЩǵģҲǧҪסˣƺƵȪˡ
ǵһϵľֱӳİ֮ϣͬڱ¹ӳ֮¸Ժ
Ŀһ
ӵЩǮܹ׾ٵ췴һι޴ǡ
ĳһĨֿ΢Цֺαⷬ뷨Ĺ¿ɼЩظӦڸǡĵطǰЩӽˮˮ֡
϶ѻ˵ˡΪϺ֮һȻҲе֮⡣


280 ֻܹЭ

ɫƵżҲƬƴλεɫ
̺֮ϣϵδδĳԱߵĹżɢ
ȴﲻζ
ò׵õǮơ
Ȼ֪ЩǮںʵĵطĸԸİЩǮƾȥͺͱϱȣȫ¡
ϵľ֮أȻףʱζ˼һԵЩˬ
һĸţͷ
ǣ
̰ڳһֱ׳ģָͷ㡣
ղʥ˵ҪϽĻƽ𡣡
ȻǮƼֵУƾյĶͳĻƽ𣬻Сеʹ
һ԰˵̶ǻм֮ǰ˵̶ЩԽԽʵС
˵Եõĵ˵ͷ
ΣЩ̶װܹĳ·
ǲ֪Щܹʲôʱ򣬲ܹƽôߵ룬һǾء
һ˵֮зҫ۵Ĺ⡣
ϲҲһ־Ҫ֮䴳һҵģ
飬˳ԡ
ͬжڻ֪Σգǻ鲻ԽҡҷȥҪժеķҷ
ɫãиʽȺţŽڳķɫ
̾ձƽ׹ƽʹ֮󣬽¶һ
ϾǮҲҪ
˭ֲϲЩλεĻƽأȻǮܰЩӽӶڲֿҲһĪС
˵ɾ͸ɡ
̺ԵЩãȻ޴룺ӰǲмôڻҪչĵ̣
¶һص΢ЦʳΪ죬ǹһЩҩĵ̻أǻ̸һҵ̡
һ˵Ĺâʢ
û׾͸򺮼ϢѾڱ߽ˡ
ֻʱյ⡣
ϾҲ򺮿ԼЩʡ

ѸٵѡһҺӣĵ̣ܹ֮컪
׿Щ֮ķˮעĿĻΪůܹ̹һЩƷ
п
¶һĨЦݡ
ǽջĳҪӡ
ʱҲϸĹ۲һҲѯ˲˵ѡ˷ϴ˵ִ񣬱Ĳõѡ
һ
ܹܶ׬ӣ˵гҪҪڸ߶˿ͻ
ڶׯ֮УʧСɡ԰СΡ˿ջ档
滹׵Ĳ;߶ڷС
Դ󷽡
ȻǸҡ
һϵеĲ̺һ޲ڡ
ӿ
ȴ˵ͷ
ںòװѵ̸չˣͷϷӦ÷˿档
˼ڹһЩط֮һЩĴʦ
ȥЩɷǡ
̰һѻ̵ֽݸ̺ɡ
ЩԼ
ŴĻӡˢƣĵطҪԼֻԻ˼ţܹҲǼõģҲӦŻݻ
ȴһǰʱӦǱʵĿ֮ӯ֮ʱ
̺ıһЩֽšȥ˵ͣܶ˶ûмⷬƣźĹȥ
¥Ķ۸Ǹ߰Ϊҵ۵ԵʣڸλڵĽܷΧ֮ڡ
̾趨Ĳ˵Ҳʵϵģʱ仹˼ŷݴڿζҲ˸
ЩҪҪǣƳ˼ƲˣЩ˶ִֺܹòˡ
һСϺ
ҲżȻ֣ԭСϺģǺûʲô˸ҳۻʳ
ͮͮСϺִЩԡ
һСϺ֮ķ˴룬ٱĹ˿ͱǺĿЩ
ʲô
˿潻ֵѯš
ⲻСϺУô˳ֶ
мĸӶࡣ
ǶԣСϺǲɴĽɡ
̵֪ʵ˧һСϺĻ¾û˸ˡ
ֻ̧־ĳһСϺذϺͷϺβָȻȥеϺߡ
ԵĽһζ޵ܹ֮۲쵽Եһ㡣
⸱ģñ˵ĺ档
һʵСӱץеһСϺģȥ
̳̺һơ̺ɱǷԸװ·˵ģҲʼСϺ


281 һ

Ϊһһ飬ٵ˴δ˼ҵĻ档
Ӧÿ˱֮ǵıԱߣƵĶСϺζͮͮĻ档
ЩСϺѹƷģܹ׾˿͵ʹá
ļƻ֮£ٵ˶СϺˡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱˣͳ֮дЩͬ
û뵽̶ôһС
СϺľ֮£ĳɽ۸ԶԶ˳ɱ۵ʮ
һ˵ȻȻġǶСϺۻ϶Ƕмһ˵ģ˭뵽ôϸ壬ϲ
ǡô̧˴ǣһĨײ΢Ц
Ϸ̨֮ϣܹһɽС¥һϸھ۵ס
ܹھָ֮£ʱ̶ҵԼλŷ˵ζоƳ
ֻǲĿһɨܹЩнܵ뻹һͬʴһ⡣
Ĳʴһ֯һᡣ
ʲô
̱˱ָһ֮˸߲ҵ˵Ҿзġ
һΪ˿ţҲӪҵһ
ķԸһԵС˿ԱܵĿչ
ܹ֮£΢΢ҡҷŵĲʴ˲ٹ˿ǵעû֪ʲô
ֱĿ˼
ƮɢɫĲʴֻ˿ߣǧ˿ŷ
ͬʻһ㣬Ľ
ĲЩһһװСɵСУн¡
̱ĲõЩһǳСɡЩɡԼġ
ķ˲ٵڴʱڻˡ
̴ǺһĨ΢Цתš
ĳ
֪ģ˽һεĴ֮󣬿϶ܶ˶һЩӡ̡
콵ľϲѾĻȵСϺܹǡôôҵ˼
ͬҲõ
ĿţһЩСѺĽӹУ𿪡
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ӺЩ
ʵҲûʲôһЩ㣬һķʽôҶԴ˸ӡ󡣡
ԾͳŽյ̿ŵĶ磬һҵ
Ҳû뵽ô˼룬Ŀ֮£ԥİ˻С
صԽ
ȻȻǣ֡¥õ档
ϸĿ˿ȻСװ޷ȣԵݻһƿžܹʦˮīµİڷ˷ұߡ
滹ɪʡ
Ŀġ
̴ǵһĨЦ˵ϾҪˣΪӷϴүΣ
üĿ֮ӯĶЦ
˵ͷ
ֻҪ㾫Ĳõģ϶öá
ͬҲڴš
ǻûеȴ졣ʱϢѾ˴ϱֻ֮ʱꡣ
ղɪ
ȴһɡڳǹĬĬĵȴʱ򺮡
̧һӢԵ÷ĽȻڵ޷ڵԻһλ
Ҳӡġ
ܹǹ֮ڿ˳ҡҡɢȥܹһλŮɫڳǹ֮ԵȻյ
ƺӦϵӣӦô֮䡣
򺮿Լã¶һĨ΢Цѱڴ˿̣չ¶ѵõ顣
Ҳ˳н·ߣǰţµĻص˳롣
Ѿ֮ǰս֮
ܵƽϢá
һĨӰµĵǵ֮С
һʻ˹ȥ
ӭ˵ʤ̣ҵĸ磬Զô
Ļϲ
ʮͷû ǽһݵ
ֻĶʮʶںһģڿ֮һߡ
̵ɵһЩԹ
Сһ㣬أ
С¶Ļϲ۹⣬ϸϺõ䣬ÿһƬ̶˵ͨ͸żֳĶ峺Ĺ⣬ûκεʡ
ôõ䣿
ЦһΪ⡣
ǸѰģҪϲĻһȥսʱٸȥŪһЩ
˵ĵǺƵ


282 Է

æ˰֡
ôѽҵϣһֱڳңɱУܹ֮׵ĺƽѾõ顣
˵ĺ̹ϣȻһЦܹǳĻȣų˵ġ
ͬδ޼֮ˡ
ˣһҪľϲء
һ˵ţһ߽ԼĿͶݸޡ
󽫾Ҳˣ̶ΪǽӷϴɣڿӢۡ
ֻúһɣ֪Ӧ˵Щʲôֻܹ˵ͷûж˵
䲻֪ŪЩʲôӿԼСõĸԣȣȻ˵ĻҲûһٹȥԲԣ
ڳ;棬ǻһװԵøĴⰫĿ׺̲һɱ
ĵ˵ͷ
һ»صУǵðѸĸ׻и綼һͬҿкܶľϲ׼ˡ
һ뵽ʱæű飬ֵʥѲⶼҺԼ̫ĽΪǣ
á
Ҳ˽ԼõԸҲ֪ΪʲôʱûкͼйϵҲٶʡ
¥ŵĻ㡣
һ᷿룬һԵټõĵ
̻ںæţҪĲȸǡ
һʱ򣬱ǿһ
̸ոհԼᱬС涼ɫĵӡ
ţˡ
ɵЩԹѾͷģʲôͽȥѽЩͲְ
Ĺػš
һǳɫĳȹԵ˶һۡƺƤΧĲ䡣
򺮺޽ǰ߸ŵģűɫ˿ͶԵ˶ֻǴһīɫĳۣļͦıֱ
޲ɵԵЩ⿴֮ļ磬ܾͽȥЩá
ҲʮҲ޷
ʲôöûмص˵óԵġ
ЦĴݴ󷽣ˮ鶯
쳢Щ˷ϴҵĿζ
һͳԵǾ㷹
ҲɵȤ¥㿪ģ
Ȼǡ
һηչ¶һĨЦݣչӳ֮¸
˼ĵ˵ͷղҲǷ¥ģõĺܣҸոڷϵЩˣԼзġ
Ҳ֮ǰδԹƷ
Ժأͽһ档
ҲԤУ²Щܹʳ͡
һЩҪ͸˵
㷹֮Ҳ̸ĵĺʱǳǳ͵һЦģ̬š
򺮲ԡ
ǿֱȴҲǼЦЦ˱᷿ڲС棬ʼ̸ġ
֪սû̳Ȼ˵飬Ǻ١
Ů֮ɢĶǳĹġ
ûʶ˵Щ΢΢ҡҡͷ
˺ۣԸ߸
ˡڿ鲻õ֤
ĵ̧ĸĳ
У̱ӦһôСŮԼս֮ʱøӳˣһʰƽĹװȻָ
һٻҡҷͣ˶Ե
ˣ˴ǣԵ÷Ƥүû۸㣿
Ǻһߣܾ⻰дЩͬѰζ
̻æ޴ҡҡͷȻû۸ҡ۸ң
ЦүзȨŶԡ
΢һȴƽվǻϵļˣǶҪȥģ·Ҳ˵ˣҵĺãǾĻƽء
Թ̧۾˸ĺĺ
ҵòϣôôʶɫģԼҪǮˡ
ֻܹԵ΢ѡ
ظҲ˵ˣżȻѰ˱һ飬Ҹպүҹ϶Ѿ˼ҵ֣ʱҶ
ɲʲôɵܹӻϵһһ֮вȡЩ˼Ϊ¼ɣԽǾãûô򵥡
罥Ĵȹҡҷԡ
̾һ·ڰ
ҲģֻҪиڿ϶˭˲㡣
˺պѫҲõ֤û˸Ҷ


283 ʱ

Щǲġ
ûж˵򵥵ĺ鱨֮뿪
ҲǵĻϻǰеߣһһĲͬգûа϶رǱ׵ı¡
޿κεĴϸĵ˼
ڻȥ֮ʱ϶ܿĲɡ
̶ôˣ
ʶĲЩ϶֮ǰĽϵ⡣
֮Ρ
޿κεЦЦŪԼЦΣԵøӵĳࡣ
ֻǾûô򵥣˵ʤ̻ĽҪúϢղŻٰĻϣ˵Ȳ˵⡣
³ʵ̫Ȳˡ
һԾĸĺ󱳣ܵ˰ȵϢ֮΢΢һЦ
ûµĲ𣿿ھѾԽԽˡ
õȰο
ʱ㲻š
̽ջĴһȻ˵ֻǸ磬ǲٵŮӶ涷ޣϻѡ
һȻǵλ֮ϡ
һϮۣԱЦ޵ŮδĻʺ󣬻ʺ֮ǰԵøӱ׳
֮дķ˪
̵Ȼ֮ǰʺĵ⡣һַ˷츲صı仯ܹ֮˸ŵǹ⡣
ĵţȴһĨĿڴһ㡣
˳Ŀ⣬ϸӹȥܹ쳺ڳ΢Цţ
΢΢һЦҲ̧žƱһڡ
续һֹϢȻû뵽ܹܵǷġ
뿴ʧĿԴף˵ǰԼĻͬǾƸĺֵƷһơ
оѾȻͬˡ
һ˵š
ĵĳһССĸ㡣
е˼ʺĻȻܹа취³档˼һ㣬֮ǰμĴ󳡺ϣʺ󶼱м棬ںò׳ˣҲôչȭ˰ɡ
Цüᡣ
ĵ˵ͷȻղŷĴۣΪȻ
쳺ҡˮƵȻûƣմȾ˼⡣
⸱ǵӣ΢΢ҡͷûж˵
Ƕһξϯص㡣
򺮺һǰһ
򺮽մĸӢīɫĳۺܺõĽιճܹ¶Щɫߡŵĳһȡ
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޺ȽȻͬȻͬɫۣԵӵۺͷϺȻȻĴڣ
˸һǵûʺͻһϲ
й֮Ⱦͺͱ˽Ȼͬ
˵Цš
ʺҲһЦ޵ĸϵһƣȻվ˽ơ
һڵģ
һСֹţܾý¡
Ҳ⣬ˮͣҲǲµġ
ϼ˶ѾˡҲַԸ輧ǿʼ赸¹£輧ˣˮҡҷ
Ķ
δĽ裬ֻŮǵҽΪᣬĻų䣬֮ת¹ӳ֮£ԽԽ죬ƮƮĽҲͬŵĻ١
ĵ˵ͷҪֽкˡ
赸ѩĸ߹ף˲ֱӡ
ǻԸ
Ҳһ˵赸ȷ
ү赸Һÿ𣿡
ҲĪľе㲻ζ³ӣˮ
޿κεĵ˵Ķͷ֮
⻹̶ȻҪκ˶ÿġ
õ϶Ĵ֮չ¶һ΢Ц롣
ȵ赸ƳţȻת֮ͬǧɱ
һͳԵǾ㷹ŪӰ˼䣬ö
¶Цݣû뵽ʺͬ
ƺΣպת˵üĿ͸¶ЩĴȱ
Ǿ֮ǰݺһ£Ǿûʺһˡ
ȵ˾ҲǺѵʱˣ翪ţȻûôĹؽһķԸˣ˵԰ĻãҲԸǹȥͻ
Ʊץס˹İڳһģŤ
ʹܽüȴܸһαζ
ЩҪ˵һ˵үܹϣһӰɡ


284 

Щ΢¹˾
Цתڿȴӡ
ҡҡͷ
ʲô˵ͺˣүҲˣûбҪƣϾ֮Ҳûʲô˵顣
İѺһ仰ѹ˵˳ʺ촽΢΢
ģҲ¡
ֻѾ֮ǰˡ
Ƽ״޿κΡ
㻹ǸҵҸ㼸ֿģ;ܹΪΪԼⷬǶ˵ġ
֪үϲʲô飬Ըšм
ֻе黹֪үܹܲ𡣡
ݺݵİЩ˵֮뿪ˡ
Ĳϸ飬ԽԽζƾʲô˺˾ܹװӷֱ׳֮ǰܹЩʹͱܺķĥûܹ
봹ͷѯʵ̶ˣ
ȻȻ΢΢ķ˿
̶ΪһС¾ȻңҵĽ͵ĻҲûа취ˡ
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ֻܹ罥
ˮ滹кɻĿţ絴ǧ
ȻѾţҲǹ˼ϵģȻΪ¶Դ¡
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үԴУȻѾˣүҲȥһ
ⳡѾͶ״
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԰Щɽɶʲôɽİһһ磬ȫĴɽڵ롣
ķ˴Ҳѻĳ
Ľѡ
̧ϸšȴܹе˹Ϣ
ͷһ㿴ֹޡ
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󽫾ܺá
ȻΪ࣬ദҲܷһӣȴһĳ
һ˻⣬Ҳ֪ǰӶЩ̫ó
ֻѾԼĸǰˣҲϢܾܾܲ˱˵ĺ˰ɣȻĻͲӡ
ȴԼһɣѾ֪ȥ˵ЩʲôֻܹŮüĿģ⣬ܾ޵ڹ
˺ܺõķõүôȲ֡
ңϯ֮ϣǵĶѾúˡ
һûʲôˣŹУȻ̸³
ϲ
ϲ˵ĺ΢ƺֻƽֱӹȥ飬ȴԼδС
̵˵ͷһʱ֮Ҳ֪εĻȥش𣬼ȴԼ沿
òϡĴڷתţҪһǡô˵ǡ
Ȼûи̫˼ռ䣬Ȱ⻰˵֮һ
ǰЩӲĿ⣬޿κεԼԴ
ͻˣⷬȥ˾͹ȥˣ²Ӧø߸ġ
˵⻰ֵ֮ĹӦϽ뿪ˡ
ȻʧЦ⸱ӦǱ˿Ļ»Ϊ˭˸۸˰ɣ
ǡ
ܾĪı˸ˣе΢ˮ嵭ҡź淺ǳĲΡ
쳺һԲ
ĿЩ䡣
̧һ¶òԵ΢Ц
鱾ˡ
̵ѣǿˣǡҲ鷳֤ˣ֤û˼Ȼ˿ɲá
ݲȣûΪķӦ
쳺û뵽˵ĵԵɻ
ͲҰ߸ˣ
һ֪ˡѾ԰ɱ
̴ݲȵĶ
žŻǲģһ˵ĻҲûʲô̶˲ʲô鶼ţҲԸҵʲôš
ҲֻῴԸ⿴飬ǶǱ֮ġ
µǵԡ


285 ҥ

˻һ˵ꡣ쳺Щû뵽˵̹ϣֻǵ˵ͷ
ȷˡֻɩҲӦעһЩȻЩ߸ˣһЩ֪
ӵģҲֻܹסҺΧ˵͡
һЦܾЩͬѰζϸҲԡ
ָо˾ò
ֻܹ뿪
Ҳúɺϣǵ΢Цͺ裬̣ǾԼ׵ķ
̶ղЩʲô
̾ԻǰʵʵĽһǾ۶󴫳ҥԺԸߣЧ϶ͬ
û뵽뷨С
һʱҲò׼Ƣܹ֮ûκζŭ˼ס֡
˵װףϲ̶Ҫϲ
üͷʮ˵ң
ǳЦӯӯס֣һ˳ŵķţҲ赭д
ɪıҲȻ˼֡
ֳĴš
̲Щ꣬û뵽ò׵˸紲̺ɱԵЩġ
ôˣ
޿κε˵š
ֻ̺ܹ˵Ҳ֪ôɾǶѾˣ˵֮ǰ󽫾й֮顣
˻εĸһۣȻ̵ĸԼһ÷
̺ɣ㣬˵үȲϴ󽫾ģ
̺æҡҡͷԼүǿ˫ȷǷ˶Ȳүһˡ
ǲ͵ˣԴҥԵ˼ֱ޻̸֮˵˵үôãΪʲôҪ벻ȥʹ󽫾һ𡣸үñӣ
̺ɾ˵ĺеĵ˵ͷɲñʲô
ֻþĸһ
һܷܷ֮ǹݷõӣܾ
ĿǳǳĴĹ⡣
Щܵȥˣ磬ҿɾûп㣿
ϸһ˾ûҵ
ܷܷԵ޿κΣֳһίı顣
һлΪ㣡Ҳ֪Ϊʲôûжϼӱʡ
ܷܷ˵˻֮Ǽźһڲ衣
һΪҪص棬ϼӿأ
ס֣û¾ͺãû¾ͺá
ĵ˵ͷʲôһ
ҵ˵Ǵ󷽵ĲˣȻˮƽȥѰʱջɡ
Ŵ˻һʹոջǻģԴš
˭̸Щƽȥͺ˭
һĻĺĺ
ܷܷͷ־˵Ӧ˵ʱ˰ɣҲ֪ǷʲôȻ˸Ҵ󽫾顣
ֱǲҪ˰ɣĬĬţȻ̡
㵹ɣ޿κεྐྵӡ
ܷܷæ˰֣֤Լס
𣿲ǴɫģоȻӻÿ˵ʲô踺Ϊ˹үߣûʲô顣
˭˵ģ
ͳųո³ãü֮仹ƣŴ˻ѵЩЦ
ܷܷЩµģɪŲӡðɣû뵽ԼԵ˵ǰˣ˿ɲһ㡣
˵ͺá
ѵõͬӥһ
ֻס֡
ŵܷܷˡ
ܷܷ˱˾ԣ롣
˵ˣҿɲʲôʼٸߣҽĴʱǱЩӰС̯Сǣڴ飬д˺ܶĻء
ɲ˵ԼЩеļõģдĲĿѵİдһˡ
΢̾һ۹
ĵ黹ǷˣֻģĴĻԻʼ
ոտʤ̣ûϼ죬սĴ󽫾ͱš
ʵ̫ˡ
ŻϵֻܿĴ飬ʶԵò̫ǡ
ȴưոݡ
Ȼ㵨ӸҴķĻҲǲ±˲ģȻ˵ĻͿܹʲôزɡ
죬һ˫ĺĮĹ⡣
ܷܷĻ֣һӴĿ⣬;Լͷ쬵ģ޿κεĸԼĸ첲
ðɣ֪϶ҪԿˣ϶ûϵǺͼӴס
Ͼ˾Ȼ۸̡
Ȼ֪˭ɿ𣬵ܷܷⷢˣڳǱһķЩࡣ


286 

ﴫʵ̫ѸˣûĻ׵ĻҲǲŵģˣéٿ
ܷܷҲ˵ģЩ϶û˵ҲǾϸĹ۲ŷֵģүҲҪ⡣
һЦҲץס֣˵Ȼ˵Ļȥһ˭ֱ£
ȻЩЩԱ˶ԣֻЦ̸
޷ܣΪС¶ˡ
Ȼŷˮɫͬʯϡ
˱ǰ֮ǰнķ˳Ǳ
ǱҲӵĵطС̯С֮ܶ࣬ڶעȴЩ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱһС̯̯ŸʽĻӣһѵߣҲõġ
һܿϻԼȻģЩªòϡ
ԼˣȻĿĸ⣬ܹĿСЩŵİЩӸŵһԣƺⱻ˷֡
һĨЦ
ܷܷҲ˳ĵ˹ȥеһϸĵһ
ԭЩ
ЦЦ
ֻûнĿⴹЩĻ֮ϣֻĵ̧С̯
С̯ǸϽɶҡҡԼ֣ⲻġ
Щ㷷ģѵǱָʹ𣿡̳Ŀ⣬ϸĵ˼ݣļ˵ĺǼ򵥣ҪǵԼи̵ĻϽЩ߸ңһһƣ㾴ƲԳԷƵĻ
Ǿûʲôء
С̯ɫ䣬һʱ֮䲻֪ȥ˵ЩʲôˣѾ޷صĵز
ʮΪϣѸٵİԼĶȫƷڵأҪңûߡ
ô׵ľߣָֻܹ˳ץסˣȻ󴽽ǵ΢Цûκεĸġ
Į·Ҫ˵
С̯ѸٵĿ
һЩĲģҪָҵĻҲᡭ
Խ˵Խί·һжûκιϵ
ĵЦ˼Ǿ˭Ȼôı£ҵǵָ㡣ʳǽ¾Ȼ˵ĹֻҪܹ˵Ҷ㹷
ΪŰӲ֮Ҳظɫ
ɫ΢΢һ
СǹһЦݣϵҲһһġ
ȴԸϻһ֣ǱƵڵء
ҪӡСĶԶһԵİĶ֮Ѹ٣һ߾Ǳץס
úõһ̲ܹһĽ
䡣
ܷܷҪĵͷ⶯̫˧ˡ
ĬĬš
ȴֶ˵㻹ãү֪ˣүĻֻġ
ѾѪ
ܷܷҡҡͷ
ûµġǱѾϰˣʱ죬ѵ˵ĲϲңھҸˣ
е£
޿κεĶͷ⸱龫ֵģϲ
ֻû뵽˺ò״飬ٶȻظʱȴλ֮͡
ɺ͹˲š
ܴǵЦݷ⻺ͣϸӱһ񴺷С
ɰϾһǧ鲻Ըĵģڻǹ˴ǣһ
λϡͣôҴݹ٣
̴ݲȵ˵Ȼ֪˾ҪЩʲôȻ˵֮꣬ԸһԵѾ߸Ͻϲˮ͸㡣
ͬʱᣬϸĶŹɡ
֮ǰҲ˵Ȼûиʲô֪
罥ķܷܷôÿе䣬ЩεסԼֱۣȻ̧ͷϸһ
λǹҵļ𣿡
ܷܷʶ㣬ȻǴзĻƷֱ˵ݣֻҲܹɲûиǺɫ
Ǻͬվ̵ɫ΢
֪ǿΪ˺£֮ǰĻɲҩˡ̶ҲҪٸǿʲô˰ɡ
൱͡
ֻҲܹ֮еĲͷȻΪ֮ǰ˵ڡ
֮ǰ鶼ᣬ
һֹŲԸ⣬ô򵥵ľͷŹǡ
ǱѹŹģûʲôĺ˵ġ
ͬɫ
Ȼ˶˵Ĳˣֺααίȫ


287 ˭

Ļ֮У
ɱе˼㣬˻֮ӵĲˣҧŴһ
ֺ֪αôģǸ
ԽԽùⲻȥϽס졣
û뵽üͷһзŭĹк
Ǿ˵Щд𣿽չҿͷϴģǣ𣿡
¶һ԰ı飬ס˫ȭ֮ǰ˲壬ڣҲòԼĸ繰ˣøظŮˡ
Ҳ֪ԻҩΪʲô˼ô࣬ҡҡͷɫ糣
ҲҪǿ̳Ź͵˵ӵһ̶ˣֻöֺα㡣
ɫһΣڵѡ
ͻС˵ЩֻҲλ
ܷܷǰһɲԸ⿴Լĺý㣬Ϊܵ۸
дԣ˵ҵĴСжȣʮֳ죬ڿǸĴСѡ
ݸһЦŪԼķβȴܹܵԹҪɵߣηʼ
Ϊ﹫ֺαôƫ̻ãҪ֪ƫǻỵһˡ
εصͷĿ֮вɵĴ𱸡
֮ǰܶµġЩϳ뷨𣬶ڡ
ĵѾһĳܹ¶дŲͷ⼸֡
Ҳƽơ
ȴǶԼǰһ̡
ǾúǶά֪Ǹʲô𣿡
ԼΪ߹ģŻеĲиĲм
ôܹԼĸкøУ
һү˲壬ȻĻҲӦ֪ĺʲô͵顣
ҲҪ䣬Ѫ˵Ҷ˵ˣ¶˶
̼ͧıֱ±˶Ĺָ㣬ҲԿηֻԼ覡
δ飬ǾԲϵģҡ֮⻬
ȴĻ⣬һøӼ١
˵ЩܶԡۿˣҵĸŤŤһΪĺ𣿡
еĲܹͬһּɵЩ˵˳
Ŀ֮еֻһġ
ֻǸˮŮ˶ѣϾʹˣʹ󽫾˻һϢɡ
ȻǡôģԼۿС
涡
ܷܷȴһ԰æ˵ʸûУʲôûпˣôǱЩ龭֪ĻҪ࣬ԿηѽС㡣
粽ãǻãڲҲã˵ûͱ˵ƣԴһͣýȥ
һֱס֣֮ûκεĲԤʾεΡ
ȥ︮ʲôʱǸ˵лһ˵ţǰ͵ƭˡ
һʲôµĻҲԲɫ޳
ĬĬмΣ֪ڲ˵ĺʱֻĿⴹš
ͬ
ܵȻ֪Щ޻̸֮һɻڹô˵Ļһ߹˼ڵĳӡ
һЦ
ЩᣬºװףŮ֮үҲҪ롭
Щ鱾Ȼ룬ֻ˼̫ɣ䡣̧ͷ
Ŀ䡣
ɵһνӴĿ⣬һʱ˵ɪɪĺһ
ҵСѵˣֻܷܷ˵Ȼ֮ǰ˵ĻĻͲҪĽᷢʲôɣԣ˵˵ˣ̹̹һ㡣
εĳЦЦ
Щһᡣ
ȻȻҲһӣɫԽӲĹɣݲȵĽӹһ⡣
õɫ̫ãظúϢ
֪ڸԼ̨£Ͻĵ˵ͷȻ˱뿪ˡ
ķԾڲ֪ƣĻţһһСС
һ
ܷܷ֪ʱʺˣٯٯҲʮ֪ȤߵһߣĵĺŲˮ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܹõһҵİ顣
ܷܷЩᡣϾЩǿġ


288 ı

𿻹ߴߴؽиͣƺЩŵճֵĵζһ
̵˴ǣϸס
ΪүΪЩ
޿κεĹ˹ıͷЦЩ
ÿ𣿻Ϊ˵Ŀɰˣҳ׵Կ϶ΪôһС¾ͻء
͵ЦЦȸ顣
ѵõȥǰףֻɢųͣ˼֮
ܹܵƵů⡣
̽ץס֣ĿЩԥ
Щ飬Ǳ˱ģ־һԵıŷ˾ЩԾ
޿κΡ
ƾﻨ㣬ˮ͵ķ㣬ȴĴץס
Сiȴʱ򲻺ʱ˵˳
һˣֻҪܹĻʲôıǲµģ
˵ͬģĳһҲڶشԼϽĻµĶз
ĿͲѡ
ıġֻᵣܹܲúõչ˺Լ
︮
Ҷ絴顣
ɱֻԼһŽ˵ģ֪ǺãضûУֱ˻
ܹоԼһһƽҲݸع顣
ЦһͬŹܣɵļ
ѵǵĻҲԸҵĻ˵һжǶԵģʲôˣԲԣ
Խ˵ԽԽ߰
һʱͷ侲һЩԼͷĺһ֮оɫ
ҲҪĹػ֮ǰֳõȻһЩǵƲ
ɾͲף̾õܹǶԵתġ
Խǲơ
΢羲Ĵɳͷûں󹬵ĹŮȴ˾ľʥּķ䡣
ʱŮ˼ʶʥּϵݣԭ빬Ȼ˵˵
Բչ˾˼ǻȥ
ϾѾ޼ҿɹˡ
ĬĬ롣ڹŮװ֮»һ·ҩĺɫĵ֮ͤͤ׹Ĺķŵķϡ
ǾŮ·һ㡣
ЩžеԼҡȹڡŹŮǶĴ󻺻򹬵֮С
ûʵĹ˸ŽӲӵĹâڹŮͿЩƫС
ɶԼá
֮ǰţ˵ڹܳŮ־ͽȻ
ͱȡһҾͨ黭
˵ΪˣԲŻûϸפ㡣
ȻʱҲͷĲܹޢָɢĹԡ
ݸһЦû֮ˣҲԵͲѡ
͹ҿϵһֱ˵һλý㣬įʥһ׮ʥּҲû뵽ʥϾȻͬˡ
¶һЦ
ɲ֪ǰν£Ц⣬˼òһ
ţɫ㣬һȻ鴫ɶҡ
ȻЩαĹ̻ﲢû̫ĶֻǴǴϰԵĻȡ
Ȼ˵ĻҲá
գգ˫ۣȴĺģܹ涵õԼıǼ⡣
Ȼųɴ˹ס֡
̣֮ǰǺİɣ
޵ķζʾ䣬ȴ˵˿϶Ĵ𰸡
ҲΪҪѯʣֻЩεĵ˵ͷ
֮ǰʱйҲǶžһɰպ˷ִ磬ϸ˼Ƭ̣͵΢Цǵţȴ
ֻԸΪǺĺģϣܹθ磬þҵļҲҲϧ
ǧǧ
֮бе
Ȼ΢ǣҲû֪ЩʲôһԵĳ¯ӣžµСȻȶţζ׵ɢ
֮ѾΪһ׮Цȥһˣϣүܹ߳;Ҳ֪ǸүʲôԻ
ȻȤķ
Ƿʲô飬ɷ߸ֳ֪ʲô۶ˡ
ͼӴװľֻ˵ɿԡ
ﲻζ
뷴ҲƾԼô˵Ҳûʲô⡣


289 

쬵ķ紵š
򺮱ΪʱȥһүΪԼá
û뵽ڻ԰ﾲȴʱûеԼãȴһλ浾Ůڷ質
ܷܷѹֲסԼĻӵģﾡĳŸҥҲԵá
Щ޿κεĸԼ
̸ոոһױ˵ױݸԵûᱻ
ܷܷüͷ˳飬ովͲӦǷ˵Լõһϲˡ
ȻĻҲԲӶ
ǲɷ˵Ĵܷܷһװ䣬ֻ׸Щ˿յȹߣúÿ־߲㡣
̵ʱ˵һҪ֪˾ϲһףҵľûдģ
ظ˸Ʊ֤ʱҸɾ
ܷܷڴǺߣڷƾԼ򷹣ֻѾɵĸԼһͣȷԵͲѡ
ԽᣬԽԾ
ұǻõӣѹֱô죿
̿ǹĳ˸ɫ
Ҳ˵ģֻȽᣬɾĽӴʱ򣬷еҪӻȤ϶ϲ㣡
ܷĳɹ̶߸˵ġ
ܷܷ˵ĺܶԡ
רĵظ質֮ȴһλӢĿתĶʶɫһ죬סԼİ
˵ݣ̱ð棬϶˵һ
ںһ£һӴǵòǷܷܷ
ʱЩεĿ˼ֻԼĲʱ
ǰһԣڻ΢Цš
ܷܷգգۣӯӯˮ¶
̰ԼȻüͷ򺮡
ôˣѵʲô𣿿Ǹĸʲôģ
ЩЩǵ˹ȥ֮ѯʵү㻹𣿡
̲Եĵ˵ͷүһܺãҪΪЩǣһĻɲء
ϸĶһȷ˵ЩǼٵģеĹһҲᡣ
룬ҪΪʱﴫһס֮ǰҵǲҲݷ˵ģ֮ˡ
νģʼ򣺡Ҫ˵Ļ˵ɣǲġ̶飬ôĲƺأ
θ
ίˣעһĻñ˴Ļ
ܷܷһ죺ȷǵĲԡΪĻͲӦֹڳϰЩ˵Ϊѡ
һ˻һĲ档
̸Ͻ˵ûеܹȻ̻¶Լ⣬Ҳʲôľٶֻʱ򲻶ԣұ֮˶ѡ
ܷܷʼ򣬱ҲЩ֮ͥ£Թɵʯ棬ںӾĽ
һЩ
̵ͷҲĸЩʲôȻȻİһߣмɽҲԼ˵ȥ
ǲϲܷܷ
Ҳûʲô̵棬ֱӵʳ
򺮽Ӳһ㶡û뵽Լ˵˵Ĺϣ޿κεҡҡͷ
ȻЩøУ˵Ҳ̫ˣ֮ǰ顭
̼ͬˣΪԼԵʵһ׮¾Ļ
үҲģܷܷүŮԸΪҸĻҲӦҵĴäĿ簮Ķӡ
һ뵽ʱ飬Щθ
ûдҲûд
ܷܷܹǼһҲδġ
һε顣
Ҳס֣һһ˵ĺ档
ֻǲԸ㣬Ϊѡ
컹˵Щʲôȴ˰֣Ŀ꣬Ӱȡ
еĸ鲻Ӧø߱ˡ
Ҳͦõġ
ܷܷô롣֪ء
ȴ˵ĺ֮ǰǴӦܷܷ˵ҪúõİѹأһɾʱͷүܣҲΪ߻飬޸Լϲˡ
ˣ򺮾Ǹľ񣬶ڸ̫ٶˣҪǺúüһĻ¾Ͳ֪ıжٵľء
̿Ψ²ң˵˵ӶӻмϵүĴӡ񶼶ܷܷʲô˼ء


290 

ߵúܴæ
ܷܷԺŴ۾ѯʵǷʲô飬ô˵߾ߣ˵ģ
⸱ģƵЦЦ
ǹ
ܷܷСֹţЩ˼֮˸žӨĹ⻷
ɲҪ룬ֻе档
æͷӦ˼￴أֻѾˣٹȥȡЦҲδԵòӡ
ɫջɵ
ӵȺųһӡ
̴ݲȵĴӾ¥ĺ˹ȷԸĳʦһҪúðջᡣ
ܷܷЩһۡ
ѵǽ˵ԼԿչľ¥֮ǰ˵Ϻһ֪ܷܷܲܳһ㣿
̵ܷܷ˵ġ
޿κε̸̸Ķͷ
ģ϶һݡ
ǰʱ¥Ӫҵ״̬Ҫǿж˻ԶΪպÿ׼
ʽӪҵӣЩĲ¾͹ˡ
û뵽ܷܷһ˵Ҫȥ͸ĺ棬æһ
žĹһ峿Ľ
ʦصĽŴ
ܷܷڳ￴ҲûпʲôŵֻԼմȾ̻Ϣü
͵ЦЦ¥ϡ
һȥһº飬¾ͻзˣҪǾʲôóԾ͸ҾʲôóҲǡ
ܷܷھ¥ſڵȺҲǺܶ࣬ȻҲǲԸеĵ˵ͷš
̸Ͻ¥̵һ֮󣬾ҪʦӦĲˡ
û뵽СϺ͹Ӧ
ȫȻԵһһĻ棬òٵ˶СϺ㹻ĺġ
еһϢ
̴һǽɺɫǾޱɽ髹ۻһ͸Ĺ˿͡
ȴʱܳЩʳҲгķʽȹĴ˷öҲԿͤ¥Ůڻ赸
Щǽֵĺ÷ӡ
صĻǽ쾿жٵ
׵̫Ѿڵ֮У˿ĥǶСϺ׷֮ǰ֣˵СϺġ
Ϊ죬СϺ˲
Բٵ˶Ŷӡ
ȵ¥Ĺ˿ͲһЩĳʦ϶˺ˮ
⼸࣬±һµĹҪࡣ
̰Ƿһĺ
Ҳһ۶ٶȽչȥأ滹
ܷܷæ˲һϢ
촽ָѯʵ֪յҪ׼Щʲô
̰ԵӣҪżݵͿҪʹһԵġ
֮ǰҲǼƻˣ򺮣ʱһ𹲽ͣ˳ᡣ
ܷܷȻûʶЩֻĵ˵ͷûж˵
Լ
ȵҹĹ⾲˸ҹĻ֮ϣȻҲܿ赭дĹС
̽ҲǴչ֣˲ٵʳܷܷСϺ㱸һû뵽֮ǳ˵ҪԸࡣ
ĶҲûͣЪľĴ֮£ȼ޵ϢʳϢ
ܷܷóЩﲻæֻܹЩӵ顣ˣɫȻİ˰
򺮣
ô
֮ǰ㲻˵
ܷܷ龫񡣺ܿˣǿĿԼأ촽˹ĻȣǰԵЩ˼
΢΢Ĵܹס֮еĹ⻪
Դ֦Ҳڴʱҡҷţ¹ɢ˪Ϣ
ͬˮһţһʱ֮䲻֪ڸ˵Щʲô
򺮱಻֮ʱĿ峺ͬһ㻺ɢ
̶أ
Ȼò׼ЩʲôĻҲЩ֡
ںЩԵģ˵յ͡Ҫһ˰ˡܷܷ˵Щ˼Ŀ⣬ƽ֮дֻҲ̫ЩҲܹʲô
˸ֺαᱡԼأ
Ȼ൱ľ룬ͣת
磬˵ĺܶԣ
ܷܷһЦȻȴ֪Լڸ˵ЩʲôЩΡ
εջûгá
̱ƿš
ԳԷˡ
Ÿʽʳ
һܷܷʱ֪룬æѡһ¡
һΡҲЩЦҡҡͷ
ã첻µزµģô˵Ļæأ


291 ȥ

ǲɫζȫķˡ
ܷܷȴԵЩ֪ζ
ǺߵģͬʱҲĽչӦ֮졣
򺮿һһĺˡ
ܾԼ䲻ҵѪ𻹷ôȥ˵Щ鰮أ
Ǻüͷ΢΢Ĵȥ
һͷԵЩ졣
ɫҲЩá
ܾԼ鼱֮˻£Ӧºŵľ棬Ϊðٶ
㷹֮ǽ뿪
Ŀⵣǡ
̶ ȻǵˣȻոڷ΢Ĳ񻰣ҲܹĿӿ֮ʱ㺰
ֻǾҺİ˻£˶˼ܹ飬㣬Լˡ
Խ˵ԽԼˣĲ񻰡
͵ͷϣҪΪȥ롣
롣
ɫã¹ࡣܷܷ˼Ƭ̻ǾҪ˵һЩ
̸ģҲĿ˼ԼĴڸ֮˹
ҹɫŨ
ܷܷΣɫҲˣ˳ҶҹԵ˶ˡ
㣬㷽Щ˵
̴Ҳ¶Ҫ˵Щʲôº˳ĸ˸ͷ
Ҫ˵Щʲô˵ɡ
ٻЩߣ˻ֻ֡뿪
¹ɢȴӳ˵£ͬ
ԥܷܷԵøӵԥ֧֧ҧԼĴ֪ȥ˵Щʲô
֪
֪һ⣬ҪΪĻ»ҵҵˣȻǲɷϡ
֮´Ĺ
ͷ
Ҷѡ񡣼Ȼ㲻ԸĻȻҲǲǿ󡣡
黹ȥɡ
ĬĬţƾ棬ƺƮݹ
ܷܷԵһԸ˽άȡ
ڰЩ˵ҲһЩ
ҹɫޱȣûκεĹȴܸһֲͬѰζ
罥ķ
̻չ¶һĨЦ⣬൱ʡ
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ţʮ룬Ѿ֮ǰ¥ĳɱ׬ˡ̶û뵽֮ǰҶϲСϺڻ˸߰󡣡
˱ЩȻûйʣţ˱һɲǣǱָ𾪵ˡ
Ȼ׬ôࣿ
̼˼˵һġ
ȻˣҵĻ±Ҳ׬ôǮɡ
̧ͷˮĴ۾ﶼɢŵĹ⻷ܹĹ⡣
ĳҲǾȻû뵽ˡ
û뵽
ĽĿ佱¶һĨ佾Цݡ
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֮ǰ¶棬˶֪¥Ļϰյƽ뺯Ҳ֮⡣
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˵ĺе
ܷܷľӱܶΪ֮ǰ飬һܺõĻΣܹ΢Ļ˼
̧ͷܾûô򵥡
ҵƽ˵Щָ㣬֪¥ϰңӦôϸӦҲᷢЩ˺үйϵ
üͷܴһᡣĻ˻չˡ
Сһһ£ǷҲЩ̫ģһֻһɺء
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İŷŵһߣҲص㡣
ܷܷտ쵽ˣŻ󷽵벻ͬĳʦЩ
ǽͷĻ궼ǹȥɡ
ܷܷû͵ЩҲõƽдļ飬׼ȥȴĻٲζ΢üͷһɡ
㲻Ҫ롭ôĻ
Ȼ֪ƽô롣
ҲϣֵܷܷܹļԼϲˡ


292 

Ǿһƽ
ǱǸһţ֮ǰԥΣͬʱҲ֪ͨٹϼܷܷˣرȥñ
ܷܷһصϵʱĳݵԵ˶Щ
¡
ĹġƽҲǵ֪ϢҴҵĸ˹ɫá
ǻǸͲڷЩǶ𣡡
һԸ˵ӡ
ŶݺݵĿɢ˶Щ졣
ѸٵߵǰСҵڵסζ
֮ǰ鶼ȥˡҰйүӦЩŶԡ
˵ƽֱһһ
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ܷܷԼŮŻأôб뷨أеĿⶼͶݸ̡
ģ仰Ǽٵġ
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ԽãԽǻ˾Ǻ۸ġ
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үҪĶ뷨ȻǶõġ΢΢ϥ
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ݸһЦ첻ͬ£滨ҡҷķ⻪
ȻүǽĻ̶úõүһǰð֮ǰ鱾һ
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ܷܷ֮ǰҲ˵ԭί
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סȭͷϵʹô׵ľưոݡ
ҧŴǹһĨ΢Ц΢Ц͵Ļȡ
Ϊһưոݡ
üͷббһۡ
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ܷܷΪѣۿͮͮһȦ㲻Ըҡֻܹߵм䡣
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Ǳ˵ˣҲҪٳˣܷܷգֻܷܷϣܹƽϲ֣Ҫٷκεѵ򵥵Ը޷𣿡
Խ˵Խί
һס֡
˵Щʲôû뵽֮ʱһλɿӢ˹
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ͺܿɰ


293 

֮£ĲԵòʤС
򺮽ҲǿĽһȥΣһúİɫӡ
ĬĬ˵Ȼΰģܹ򺮷ı仯
ܷܷ΢΢һЦǻЩŤ
֪Ӧδá
ĳ
иűϾ̺ЩϵҪΪ򺮡
ڵ˵ʱɫѾŤĲӡ·Ѿ뵽֮ǰʹ;
ƽҲû뵽üͷһ塣
ô
տܷܷ֮ա϶ҪúõһǲĻ㲻ţү͹Ӷܹ򺮵ġ
Ỻͣ·𲢲Ϊһ˽ϴı仯
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ܷܷȹȥк˰ɡ
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޵Ŀⷴǣֹ
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ϲ򺮡ʱһϲԼøӵĳء
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Ѿ֮ǰǸˣڵǰȸӵĿ¡
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Ҳˡ׷ҵû캦飬ƾʲôϴƾʲôΪ֮ǰĴ¶ı䣿
һ
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ǡ
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һų޵Ѿûػصء
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ĪЩţû뵽һ˫׵Сĺ󱳣һս
ʶģͷ׼һˤȴһ


294 

Ҫѽ
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Ѿ
ܷܷһɲǡƽ֮ǿԿƾ档
ΪĹһҲǹȥһӣѵõǣңҲ侲
һѽڻܹܵ˴ģ¶
Ŀ֮ǰһֲŵĵЦɫ


295 

ҹɫһƬҹնûҰ
бüͷϸĶһݺ裬òֵΡ
ķҷ
ܹĿǰٯٯӡòֱ֣޷
ܷܷЩߵ˹ǴһĨǡô΢Ц
֮ǰƽܹ赭дչ¶Ĺԡ
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ѵõȡЦǵ΢Цǡô
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Ȼܹ̹ϵԱ˴˵⣬һأҲɡ
к˸
ܷܷȴץסֱۡ
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˵ĸǼõģֻΪ顭
ȴ֮еľᡣ
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⸱ģ֪϶ǶԴθ˼
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ܷܷΪһǣȻȻߵǰܹ֮ɢ¶ĹԣĲӡ
ٵıҲǷ׷׹ףء
ܷܷҲԼ˼ǿ󣬵ɵӦ˼֮û뵽ɫĬĲӵ˹
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ץסҪ
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ȴֹ˼Ƭ֮ǰһССĺӵݽܷܷ
ⶫ㽻үȥִ򿪣Ӧþס
ܷܷôģȻ棬ǻǹԹԵ˵Ļ
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ܷܷĺľӣһʱЩԥǰⶫСĵݸƽƽɫЩơ
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ȥ
ԼӺƽԼһ˴ӣɢ֮󣬾̾Ϣһ


296 һ

û֪Ͼ飬Ǻ﾿װʲôֻ֪ƽ͡
ƺû̫ķӦҲĬܷܷĵĽ
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ܷܷǵ΢Ц֮ǰˡ
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ܷܷ֪Ҫ̸۹ϵɵĵһߵĺæк
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᷿Ŷ㻨ζȻŨһζ
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̵һˮݸ


297 

͵ķ羲Ĵɢ֮кͲˮ뵡һ𡣱һȵϢӿͷ
̲ûڶЩƱ
ȴѻŵص֮ϡ
عҲ֪ö̶ڵ̬Ⱥ΢һپĻ»Ӱ죬ԽʱϣûʲôҪ͵ĻͲҪĽӴþ֮Щʲô
˼Ϊίİ⻰˵˳
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298 

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ʫָʹǡ˻ӣ¶һĨԵ΢Ц
ϣû뵽ܹǣǲ̫Ե
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ʫʵģȻԵõĸԼϵĹ⻪
ҵ̿ҵ棬ѵĿˣҪ˵ɫɣ
𴽽Цļ⡣


299 м

Ĵ֮ĻҲѹͽֻܹûʵװޣȴʲôˡ
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֪һۣǲ
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300 һЦ

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301  

еպ֮ǰȣΪ̫ڼį
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үҲûȥͷˡ
һΪԼĻϲĵȴûûеõӦΪ֪֮ǰߵ˳˳ˮûκεĿĻҲὫȥ


302 ҳ

ûʶʲôܹСԼԽԽԶ
һִ
һöܼˡ
ĿþõӲ֪ȥ˵Щʲô
һǰԵռ˻ɡ
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ܹһһĸԼԺôһжǲֵõģûбҪȥ˷ʱ䡣
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ȴĶ׼ߡ

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ȴûзȻĬĬһƣ̺˲˼ĺ档
¹ⴵҵķ˿˼òѾˣԸȥ
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303 ƻ

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ܷܷĵ˵ͷıʾԼΪϺȡ


304 ׼

ɽˮֶ롣
ͬʱҲڿ̺ɡ˵̺Ҫͨ籨ţԼĻ
Ҳһַ̺뿪һ˼ʻʻ
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ܷܷȴһСӣһ㶼ੲݡ
ΪʲôһҪȥأѵԽԽҪ
Ϊһȥ³򣬿˭ܹ뵽һֻľٶ֮١
֮ʷҲ޷뵽һе򣬾ȻΪ֮˽ҵҵ
ʱˮһţ޿ɷϵǹŴΪƼˮƽͣʻʲߣʱԥҲԵЩġ
ܷܷԼԴҲγģÿ춼ȹ˯˯˳ԣȻﾲĵȴʱš
õĻܹڿջסһڶߣõĻҲֻܹȷһסʺϣȶĵطȻסһϣóͣЪ
뽭ʮԶһС滻һƥ
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Щεţǵ΢Цȴûзκεı仯崺ĺʹǽйͨҲ˽⵽˲йڽķ顣
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ҲǸˣȻũˮƽܸߣ÷չ죬ĻˮƽߣĶѧʿĴҴ󻧡
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ۡҲ׽ũ
ţѡһľƵסǲӣȻҪѡõģΪ˵ȫҲѡ֮йΪڱõġ
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ܷܷͷŷ֪ôŵͽֻǳԸ͸оԼֵ˼㡣
ĳ˷֮
̸ӣǺƹ̸˼仰
û뵽Ȼ鴫ʳһ
ǲԼĿ佱ƹϲЦտƹҲǸ͸¶˺ܶϢҡ
Ҳǵõ˺֮ܶµĻܣ˵ȻռͳԵĵλļҲԼ
ȻȲϹ壬ԲС
֪أġΪ˺ƣԼļ⣬ϵգ硣
ѡİԼƹˮķʽܹõ㷺ҵĻӭ
顣
֮ˮĴҪʱ䣬ôܹ֪أ


305 ʰҵ

һϲҳ
˳ĵִ˽ЩϢȻ̺ɴġҲܹͨ˵ϢóһĴ𰸡
˼ûκεĸ֮ǰȷļĳĬ
ͻȻ֮ǰĻЦѾʧڻԴڵ罥
ͥԺҲû֮ǰ龫ֵӰÿ³ظʱһжƺʧһ롣
δֹ
Ҳ֪Ϊξ͵óĴ𰸣Զ׼ǲ֣ܵΪڵʧǶΪѡ
òԼɫǧ˿ƣںڡ
Ѿ뷽ܹ侲˼
õĴ𰸸ӿ϶
˼Ҳǧǧ
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Щɵ̧ϸĴһΣţвΪӰı仯
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ȫɢ͹ĻױƷ̾һŮ˵ѿǿ󣬵òϣԼЩ϶ѾƲȣҪƴĹһ


306 

ܿģ̵Ǵ
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ܵȻҲĵ˵ͷ֮ûж˵ĻֻƾʱƮɢıǼ⡣
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֪ˮ֮УɭɭϢܷ˵ʡ
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ϣ֮ûκεĽҲǲܵģЩӰεİУ·ھ档
һжһһ㶼˼顣
ܹҲܹӳŮ֮еļįΡ


307 뷨

ݱ⡣
뿪֮ҲûдŹ
ţ̵һҶ󣬵ȻҲ˲˵Ŀ飬ûκεİ취ϾֻһҵĶ
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յļҲѾִ
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ЩҲܺá
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м⣬к뷨档
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ݸһЦ̺ɻӻ֣̺ذס
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֪ٶɻ
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Ϊļԭ򰡣ʹëʣĺۼҲȻ
̵ĶҲ̫˰ɡ
롣


308 

Ƶһ˽һˣΰ׳۵ľ˿ȥˣҲ档
΢΢ıȻһ˵Ļ˵׾٣ǶǶԾ㹻ľĶǡ
ѵ֪ؾһ֮ˮ˼ʲô仯𣿡
֮ǰ㹻ͣ͹赭д׷ϸϸתתͣĸҥ
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Ҫ֪ĲܴһĿĻܾ͸˾޴ʧʧ˭е
ܷܷ޿κεı˵ʲôģǲڳԵĻһӾ͵ˣũԸⳢԵĻͿԻþ޴棬պͻ棬ѵʲô𣿡
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ǰĿĻױƷһ
̴ݲȵİǶװ˸Ե֮УȻ˱ǩ
ܷܷĵ˵һֱΪʲôҪЩ飿
˵׬ǮĻүﲻô׻ֺαһȥ׬ǮΪǮƵĻҲ벻ͨ̾Ϊʲôôִţ
幾ཹཱུļ˽ȥ
ܷܷЦЦţܽˣͷͬһ㡣
ȴܹиܵįζ
ǲӦ˼ģǺһ֮ʱеį֮Уȼյʢ
ܾõøʲôܹ֤ĴڣǴ棬Ǵ˵ʢ޵衣
Ը˵Ŀ佱ֻۺɫĴ΢΢ػ⡣
ܷܷ뷨һж˾㡣
ˣԽԣһвҪİɡ
ܹԼϲ飬ܹõܹΪ˿пڿഫɫ
һ㣬ħ
˵ܷܷҲ޷ȴľ̸ź뷨
ɣԸ䡣
ıˡ
̧òԵ΢Ц׼ѯҪЩʲôġ
û뵽ӳɫЩ䡣
̵ɫһġ
ܷܷεתת̺ͬҲԵ޿κΣε΢Ц֮С
Ĳģûͨ籨š
̺Σֻܹÿ˵Լû¡
ܷܷʼھЩҲûʲôˣؼǿôġ
˲
ʱ佭ũǶæջʳ⣬Ҳֻ࣬ˡ
̵ɫ˾ŵġ
˴֮󣬱ǳǳ׹Ŀ⣬Ըٺǰ˶һ
̺ɿεģͷֻܹ˶侲
ǺĲˮ


309 Ľ


ܷܷһԱ˳ȥȻǴεЦ⣬οŰ뷨Ĺ˿ǡ
ϾѡĺúõģͻȻ˵ҪЪҵˣ˾Щ졣
ʵô
Ŀ֮ǰѾĮĵ˹ȵס
Ĭ
Ȼʲô˵ĻͿͰɡ
ƲԸĶûκεı仯·˾ھ۾ȫȻעԼо֮ϣ΢΢˫ѾԼ
˹ȥû˵һ֣Ѿѹ˴΢ɲģ̧ϸĶš
ˡ
κ
̰һߵŵ˰ȫĵط
ʲôϵ𣿡
̴ǹһĨ΢Цס֣ûش⣬Ķ֤һС
ûʲôϵ뷴Լһͳ΢ЦԼĴǣĿޥĵС
Ҫ
ǸĻǾԲԭģĬĬûκεɶ
֮ǰȣһ
ͬĴĿ⣬ĴһĿ⣬ȻȻȻ޷ϵܾãκεˡ
Ϊ㣬㣬ǣ㣬ԲŹû뵽֮õĴĮ黹ǳϡ
ηĶ
ǾóϵĻǿȥұˣԱ˶ԾԲǳϵģϾүǧࡣ
ˡ
ȴɰĲӣϲĿ⣬ǱŤĲԸ˵ǹİڳһԱģԲĹĵϲҪ
û˿Կħ
Ҳ⣬ƾãƾﲻźۼӰո
Ҳ֪˵ˡ
ͷ֮ϡ
һ룡ȻڲԸң˵Щʽеûġ
Ťİͷﵽһߣһ
Ǿ
ȴЩϲ뷨
鱾ֻ¶ѣѵүʲôϵ𣿡
ˮĴ۾ת˸ĶĵĹâȻǰеãȫˡ
ûж˵
ҲԸȥʲô߾ȫƽ֮󣬱Ż˪ƿƿ޹һԵĹ̨¿ʼ˰衣
˵㻹ӭүүذɡ
ܷܷ̺ɴҴһģ΢˼㣬ȫ֪ʲô۶ӣֻܹ㣬ֳĬӪᡣ
ĵ̧ʲôûУЩػ˫վڹ̨Աߡ
ѵһҪظһ𣿡
߿ɶǿˣѵԴ˵𣿡
ɤӡ˵ܹ֮˸ŵζ
ЩϷζƮɢ棬ͳĻ֮¶ˡ
ʵĲЩƷĿܵľһ
η֡
үŵĻ̶Ҳ˵Щʲô
Ҫ뵱ƤҩĻǲģ
ĬĬľԼǧҪһĻ϶˵ļƵóѡ
Թû̧ϸĿԼȫĶЩƿƿ޹֮ϡ
ҲԸ˵֪ͷ֮ϣĳ̺ʹһɫ
ĸϡ
ҲҪȥв̺ʲô̶ĳ˵ҪҾĲʶ̧١
һ仰Ƕ̺˵ġ
̺ᣬǷ֮սôԵ޹ʾͰǣˣһϵûС
ʱûлͨ籨ŵġ
̲뷨ĸоҲֻܸܵõ̺һֱԱߣû˺Ӹ档
н͸¶
ܹ˳ϵ˹ʮа˾žͺ̺Ѳ˹ϵ
ŵĵЩ
֪żǽκģʵʣµĴһ
¶뿪ƾá
ıӰɢˣį
ȴۡ
Űһʱˬ׷޻᳡仰ûھԳ£
ֱ׳
뿪ܷܷ֮һԼظ
ΪʲôͲԸӦأ㿴үôԶ·Ź
̧ͷϸ
Ǻͱ˵ĻԲ˵Ļ˺ͺã˶ĪĶ顣


310 

΢
̶΢΢ͣͣѲƿŵ˹̨ߴ֮󣬲ŵͳ˵ҲԸĻ⣬ԸĻܻûʲô⣬ûеõʲôѵء
͵ĲӣɴЩĽƽϡ
ܷܷȻһЦ
ҪһѵأѵÿԱӡ
һ뵽ֻ¶һĨЦճյ̧̧֣·Ͽľٶ
Ҳûʲôأүûп˭ԵǣĳΪעĿء
ν֡
ҵǻӭ
Ĵȥ
ڻڻױƷ㣬ŨϢֻʱʱɢĵţ޷ͻ
һܹķɡ
ܷܷĹ⣬·̣ҲͨĿԼ
æµš̺һԴ֡
ֺα
̺ҲҪһ
ε̧
˵Ļѵˣ϶ԼĴ㣬ҲٹӸˣ
Ѿӡ
̺֪ԼˣϽͷ

νģʼ
ԸĻЩʲô飬ԸԼԼԸĻʲô鶼
һһҪ֪Լˣõѵ
¹࣬ζ
ʱסľ¥Ļױֻмǽ֮
̲֪ЩҲ˴־Ĺ⡣
Ϊһܰͺڿ
ֵͬõµ鱨Ȼ֮ǰ֮ûֹҲˣһֱ
ܣ
߶֣дЩޣ·ڳĲ
ӣ
ڰ֮ӿֳһӰ˰ָʾҪ
֮һСʱóľαװԼϢ
֮ǰһֱڰػҲױ˲ٽıؾȡ˲ٵϢ
ܰװԸֵϢҲõġ
ʱҪžͺá
дž档
ʫ˻ԽԽˣ˽ҲҪһ
Ҫǰõ˷鱨Ҳôæ
Щļ齻鴦ͺá
Щͷ۵İ̫Ѩ
ʫƻ׼͵ؽ̣Ĺ鶼ڵ
ͬھʫҪҶ
ϾܹܲЩξ˵ĳͷŭҪһʺء
ʰ˵֮Ǳ׼̻ȥ
ܷܷȴжԭũӦ͡
ЩϸĶһȴҲûпһȻ
ĿϸĴ˰ΡſھþǻţûнģҲЩ档
ʲôˣ淢ʲôˣ
һֲõԤͷʱþòԸɢȥǱġǷ·ǾϢ
ܷܷЩǵĿ⣬ҡҡͷ˵ĺȻûаڡ
ֻ˶ҲġֻǺףЩʲôѡ
ΪҪףӭķհɡ
̵ó˽ۣ΢Ц˾ǹĴ֮УȸոպãԵмֳɼ
ܷܷţգˮ⣬ҲǳǳĵòĸԶ¡
Ȼ֮еģĻ𻨡
ʾڴʱͻأĳ֣ХзûбֱӵǱϮ
ܷܷŵһС
̸Ͻˣס֣Ҫϸ꾿ʲô飬һöͷҲֱǴ˹
ϽܷܷͷһεĹȴûаĹ⡣
Сһ㣬Ҫ顭
ܷܷĵ˵ͷ
ģо顭
ţϽŹȥ
̺һȴûз˭²ܹµֵʵԶ֮ϡ
״Ѿ˸װףûп˭˵˵ʵԶʤң¡
Խ˵Խ͡
ܷܷת޸֮ģǳΪǵ۵Ļ
̰ס֡
Ҫǻʱһĳ˵ĻҲᱻ˿ģʱ֡ҲҪȥͶ
һȻﻹһЩԱҪǿƵĻ
ûа취ġ


311 Ϸ

սŵĲС
ܹһ̴ٵĻں֮ϡ
̺üͷȻܹλҵߵķ򣬵Ǵ¹һɫҰ׵Ĳӡ
ҲмʮλǽպѳͷҲҪ¾ҲƽĻǳȥ
ҧŴǻűҪɱΧ
ţʾҪ˵Ļţǵ΢Цǡô
Ȼ֪ʮа˾ڵİɱܲɷֵĹϵǲڵƵᡣ
ﻹһЩҩ
һ˵ţһ߰һЩССƿƿ޹޶ǵ֮Уء
ܷܷȻΪʲôᱳЩǰЩܷһĽȻ˸Ź⣬ġ
ҲЩˡֻҪסܹץסᣬǴҪץסǵʱ򣬾ͰȥǶɢ
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ǽҩǳ֮ҲΪ˶õġ
ǵ£Ա˰ЩС
ܷܷץЩҩƿӡ
֪
ЩٺХӵļҡ
ܹŷϸ΢Ķбĵ֮
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ȻôȨͷˣҿɲŻɽ
ЦЦǣ鴫
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ֻܹķ̺ɱǰĵѾչ¶ڿ֮С
ǻ棬־ܵĻǻкùӳԣֻҪԸԹԵķҵĻ
ðŽ⣬ôˣһҪһ׷ĵҲ
ĺһһɫͷһѵôܹɴأǺ΢Ц
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̺ɷĲԣһԵ֮ϡ
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뿪żɽĸ˵죬ʫµˡѧҲ֪ʫ˸㵽ֵģֻе鷳֪ص׵ܵܡ
ǵ֪ΪԵʣᵳӪ˽վʫһߣ
΢֮֮ǰҲº͡
뻺ĵ˵ͷҪǸոյ֪˷Ҳô֪࣬һԾӢӸ˹
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˵ʦڣԵòС
ǡǡ¶һĨ΢Ц
Ȼ˵ĻҵǾˡ
΢ЦǡôĹţȻ֮ǰ΢¶ƽζ


312 

Ѿߡ
⵭ɨһԴҴһɫò԰ܷܷ鲻Խشᡣ
ǲǱˣҪҪ㿪һҩȺȥúõ˯һҲȥЩ
ܷܷɫҰף齩Ӳʶҡҡ֣ʾԼԸͣȻ΢Ц¶˳
һˡ
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ܷܷŸоԼ׵侲΢ɲ̾Ϣһźۼ··ľȷԼʵڡ
Ժɾҵɩˣҿɵúúõı֤İȫȻĻʱղžҪ˵ҵĲԡ
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ˡ
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ڵһ𰸣𰸳׵ӿͷů
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̫ԼĹɢԾԽ˴
̶һĵ̵۾
ոˣǰ׼õϣϸϸĸš
ˣ
̵˵ͷþöû˯ôˣÿ춼ͶڻױƷĿʲô鶼Ҫһ˿
Ĳܹи
һж˹̣ԱһԿɿܹнţһ뵽ǵ΢Цչ¶Ĳӡ
֮ǰҸӿɿ
ס֡
ԭˡ
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ݺݵĽԼˮİࡣܷܷͻȻɫͼˡ


313 

عںã
ܷܷûл⣬εĿ˼֮ǽⷢӡ
ݸһЦ
˵أ
ҿҾһ޹ġܷܷͷԵ÷߷߲ƽôԼֱȳЩѽ
޹ˣҪһ
ܺãͼӴһ΢
ƽ֪Ļ϶Źǵġ
ܷܷνģ̧˵ֱ׳
Ҫȥ棬ҵɣһɹܲϣү㶼İɣǾԲǡ
ǰ˿ЦĻ档
ЦЦͷֹһ䣬ɵѾͷȴò̫졣
ɵˣܷܷԼţһĲ˵ıȿ԰㵲סвҲܹڽҪ֧֣æɻôõˣɾûˣ
Ƶز˵ϾϲܣΪҳߵ˵ȷ࣡
һ˵ţһĿ̫䣬ȱѩػҪϼ֡
ܷܷᣬĿͶݸ̡޿κΡ
˺ˣǾͶ˵ɣͻͦ˼ģҪүȳһܽذӣȻһࣿ
ɫתŻ⡣֣ǰܽػһİƵӵ롣
Щĵ˵ͷһҧһڡԭЩм䶼һЩĩϸãֱóԵԡ
ֻܷܷܹĬĬĺ࣬һ仰˵
̫˰ɣôΧۣ˶
νֻԧ첻ɣ˵Ҳĳ
úõĴţѾзԸڵ￴ţϵ鲢ᷢڶΡ
֣صĲӣ˵֮УȻġ
ͬ
ͬȫȫ
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̵˵ͷ
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Ӱ뿪ʧ
δֹһ㣬ĽȥҲһͬ뿪
ܷܷԲӣϸĴһĽ
ʵʱҲĽүĸ飬Ȼֵǲ˺˵С
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Ұķʣ겻յİʾֻһĨ΢Ĺâ

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Ŀһ߶󳰷Ļȣûκεļ١
ԭүȻݹ٣ﻹϡеϡ͡
ҪڽǰǱʮּܰһʵʵ֫Ѿӡһһʮӡ
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˵
ҪЩʲô㲻ʫֻҪ֤ݣҪģֻҪʫղһ֤ݸҵĻ˵һһ
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Ȼ˵Ļ
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ļ֮ʱл˳˶̲סҧء
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ڵȡ
ڵɿڵĻᣬûһֱͨء
ֻϦԽ֪Խá
쾭ܲסĥȻȻҪЩ֤ݸ˵ģЩ֤ݿԱھԹԵĽȥþò̫
Ĳ鲻Ըģǵ޵ĴȤ˵һ䡣
ǺܲİЩѽ
ĮĲӣҲǸ˾
Ȼ˵ˣϽϣµҡҡͷæĽͣ˵һ
ôˣȻǾ۳Ͷ٣үʵǲףⲻʲô͸ү𡣡
ĵõҪ֤ݣֽ
ֻû뵽̰ȻЩԼϡ


314 Ӧеĳͷ

Щűݽȥһɲ죬΢΢һԼˡ
ҪĽ⿪Կ׻ûпʼһֱĲѨϡ
ʱ˼Ѫ͡٣ֻܹܵѪӿͬǧ̺ĳ

ʹĥ
֮ûۿת׼뿪ĿѾɡøϽȥԼʱҲ쵽ˡ
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룡Сˣ
в뷨ʱ򣬾Ӧ֪һôģֺЩʲôأ
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ֳ֮Сʱ˵ĲҪ̫Ҫʹһܡ
СʱĮĵ˵ͷִԼĴͳһϸģϸ룬ֱ̫Ѩ塣
յĺܺá
ʹ΢Ц˷
ȴ˲ޡ
ȻԴԼ̶ҲҪˡ
Щ鲢Ҫֻ֪ҪĹ֮¶绨һ㽿ĵ΢Цˡ
뵽ﻺճһĨ΢Цʧ谵ɵĵط
·δֹһ㡣
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һΰҩƷͻױƷһҲ׳Ƶҩױ
ܷܷǸСһ뿪ֻԻĿ⣬ľ󲻹ȥܷܷһҪߣҪ͵ʦӡ
ɻûеȵˣȴȵЩ֪ء
֮ǰȶ˼įǳ;ᡣ
ֶˣǽԼĿеԻͳԼۿ֮ϡ
գ֪ôʹݹ٣
жЩĲţȻѾ˲²⣬Ϊ˹ġ
뷨ǧǧɫȴͬѰһ㡣
֪ظղԵò̫˼ҡҡͷĿһڳһҵģ
ֻǺĵ̾չ˵ز
̺ԥͲĻԡ
Ļ֪ش˵صصһˣЩĿ¼ڲᣬѾϱ˹ȥǰЩӡ֪ش˾Ӧÿˡ
ƽسʵֺȣиһҩƿӣɫҺͷۺɫҩˮȡ
ܷܷʱ岻ϻֻĬĬһ͵
֪ز˼ذ˰֣ȥһ䡣
˼ͨ͸Ҳ¶Ϊѡ
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û뵽˵ޥģҲµҵ롣
֪ؾ㹫˽᲻׵ܵܣϾ磬Ψһˡ
֪µĵһ˲䣬취¡
ɺ鲻ԸԸԳ
ǧ򲻸ǣǵ̡
̲֪Ǻá
ǾԲŹģͼ졣
֪ؽǰνйصĻôǴɲ̸ˣѾ֪شذɡ
֮ǰ̸һĳƻȣĮĲӡ
֪Ҳ֪鲻ܹģвʡ
Ϊʲô
֪ʵͷ⡣
ΪʲôҪڴ֮ǰȺúøĺõܵܣʲô飬ͼı죬ƾʲôԭ
̵൱ᡣ
Ǹ
֪Զԣæһģæ֮ͨ籨ţȻõһüĿɣδǸȥڵ֪֮ۿͨ졣
һΪԼ׵ܵǱΪ飬һȻ˲¡
̿ɫ˷츲صı仯Ҳܹ
֪֮ǰ֪Ĵ֮Ƿһԭµأ
š
֪֪Լİ˻£Ҫͣڵ֪飬ľ֮ȴû˰
ҡҡͷ˵һ뿪
ܷܷЩãĽյͶݸ
߰ɣҪͿĻĻΪ
ܷܷ¶֮˸ŽӲӵĹâΨһҲڵ
˵Ļ϶ǶԵġ
Ҳ֪ԼôҲǾĥµࡣ
¶˽Цݡ
֪غڵĴͷ֪ûл͵ˡ


315 ȥ

˾һҩǾޱһµֶһϢ
ЩζһΪ߶ƷˮȻжˮһġ
еıʮֵľֻպ˱ܹ֤ƿˮϢ໥ͻǺгദš
ĵ˼ֻˮǵ϶ͬòͬƿװãȻǰϹϵıǩ
Щǩֻһ˿ö
һֱͷɵʱҲǹһǳɫ·ĳ̶ֳϽոŵѪȡĸ
Ը֪Щۻࡣ
ͻȻţĽ֮׳ĳɳţϸĻķ绨
̡
ס̲֡ԷеԹܡ
ôûеͻѽ
ɵĺ档
شҲȻȻⲻΪ𣿡
ܷܷ˵Ŀ˿ȣһΣƫҪ֤ԼĴԣЩԹĿⶢԼҲڳһֱ׳
Ҫ֮ǰǰҾҪС
̵ܷܷšȻһǵĻ⣬˵Ͼ͵ˣҲóԷˡ
¶΢Ц佾
ҴֵʱֻţҾͻѷ˶
ԼĪСʱ䡣
̱ǳɹһСӵķˣһ
ǴＹ⣬һزˡ㳴˿
ζҲýʢźŹǡһ
ЦЦܹȵôԼѾ˰ݡ
ҲǱʳ޲Ĺ򣬾İѷ˶ˣԵĿ佱
ʱʧţ˶̸ܶʲôʱȥһ⡣
ҹģ¹
븧ɢĳͭе˵š
ɫˮ
еĹҲˣܴϲá
һΪʲôʱȥֱӰҴߡ
˵סȵѯʵЩϵ΢㺣˵
ס֣Ľ⿪˴ĳ
ϵƿƿ޹һűܹһҵ˷͡򿪣
һ߰æͿĨŷͣһ߰˳ŷ˿ģ档
֮ǰں棬˼ҲǾ÷˺ǿɰ
ͬеŮǳЦģҲһĿ
֮ǰȷǱĲԣǰҲϣ̶ܹԭ£̶ĲԸԭµĻôһֱȵ̶Ըԭ¾ͺá
͵ЦЦδܹõ˿϶֮𰸡
ô
ȴѻתƵһߣɫؼ˵֪ؽҲǹһˣĻԺҪֻҿɲ򵥽
ɫеֱҪθǽһʩˡ
һ㣬̶һľͺˣ϶ǲñ֪ҲԲӰ쵽ġ
Ҳǰ渵
Ͼʫµˣ֪µؾɲɾҪһʺţǰҪͶʫĻܹʫ˵
˵ĺܼ򵥡
ȴһ⣺ѵһ֤ݶ鲻𣿾ǲܹȷ֮ǰôʫϵģ
˵Ҳǲ棬Өˮ⣬˾Խһѱס
ҧŶ˵¡
ү֪ġ̶ẦЩֻĻӦþȥʳƹ㻹ûнҵھͻȥĻṫ˽𡣡
ȴѾ⡣
һˮĻȻǻϱʣʴֺα
ȴûɶܵƣ
̶ֻǾүˣҪһߣû뵽һմǵôǷǷǣʲôԸϽȥģʲôҵԸ
˵ԽԽľòζ
ŮӦϵ飬ҽ߾ȫĹţΪɫ˵Ļţĥ͸
һִһСľͻʧ
סĶ鲻ԽһЩȻʶҧס˴ĶϧĿִš
鴦Ļʫ»Լлᡣ
ʽԸģǺһ಻
ĸļ
һж̶ġ
ҪЩʲôȥЩʲô취γ档


316 ͬ

ȥʱеĸѸ٣úѪԵʣܹڶ̶ʮյʱ»
ˮֲѾȥϵķӦܿ죬ֱĺ£ҲǼ󵨵ĿԵ㡣
ȵһĻ֮ʱʳ˼ҲЦ۰ɡ
ȴ˲õ˼Щ
ʫ˶ֱأ
ĬĬš
û뵽һصүүϱǳһ֮͡

ʼմĮĹ⡣
ܷܷβѣղŻǻȸԾһƿˮ֣ڹĴǣѾĴȥ
磿
ǲӭҡܿ˵Ҳû뵽Ǻ˰㣬֮ǰô˵ƾʲôһ𣡡
Խ˵Խߣ۾ѾĲӡ
һǰȥǶѸ١
ȥ龿˭ˣ
Ȼ¶һĨƵ΢Ц
ҲЩûûƤڶԼĶԵģȫ綼ǷģҲ벻ʲôء
ͮͮĿⷴӵ
׼ǰһܷܷȴֹӶ񻯵ķ
磡Ҫˣȥ鶼ǹȥˣҲ֪Ӧôȥ
粽õĿض̣ܸһа֮С
Ҫ֪ôȥĻԶһ㣬Ǹ򺮣
˵ҧгݡȴ赭д̧ͷ
һʼһ߽ûаԼ
˵ľЩĻ㡣
ϸӹҲסˣܹôίҲ֮֮һ
Įɢ䡣𲻸ĵ˵򺮵Ļ¡ǾԲͬġ
Ȼ˵һĸ֮ý֮ԣǸҪãһɲ㣡
ܷܷҲ˫֣֮ǰĿִ֮š
Ҳ׶
ļ򡣰Ϊȼš
ܷܷĶ侲
ԸǰҪ˵Щʲô飿
߾ȫ侲ǣ˸ž롣
Ƶĺһ
ҲҪһķңȻ֮ǰбǼ飬ֺαô̰
ں漸֡Լβ
ȴνȥ̧ͷֱֱضĿ⡣
ĻӦҸ˵Ŷԡ
Ҫߡʺ⡣ĮҲŲɵİԵǸ׵˼
һ仰ǳܷܷ˵
ֻƲƲͣøвԼĻòȥҲĻȥᷢʲô
Դʹ˸֮󣬱Ǳ˴ߡ
˽뿪ȴ
밲ο˵̶ģôҲòԼֵģң򺮵ĵƻûչ¶ء
ʡ˼
޶ż
̫һ빬ȵĺɫǽѾĲӵĹ·ҡҷǵķ
ϸԥĿš
̫һҹ֮˺ܶ࣬ʲôö֪
غͻʺйء
Ȼʱȥһ˽粻⣬Ҳ﹬Ůۡ
ʺڴ乬֮󣬺֮λã֮ǰѹһͷȻҲǺ޻֮
ϵĳҾϲŭ޳
Ҳ֪̫󾿾Ϊ˺£ټ빬ĳڹſڹãٵϥѾء
̫Ůǻټȥ
̫ǰʱûκεԾһͷ̵ĽںڳĿдĴȰ
ֻܾý̫ʵ̫ͬѰˣĶ֮ǰγĶԱȣЩԾ
̫󣡡
ĺһ̫ȴû̫Ķǻĵ˵ͷʵȥһ˽ջЩʲô
ϸĳ˼һҲ֪̫ѯЩΪΡͣ׾ٵعһĨЦ
ջ˲ٵĶû뵽ǡ
̫ȴĻԴ
֪ģǲԸЩġ
Īķŭһһ㶵ġ
һ֪ԼʲôΪͷһٷʡ
ǳ׵׵±ˡ
̫ӣɫӸոյԴ΢Цڰе΢Ц
һ죬ȷǸ÷ӣǰҲǾˣôʲô飬㶼ܹһȻˣ
ɵĿ֮ϲϵơ


317̫ľ

ͻı仯ͷԡ
̵ȴ֪̫󾿾¶ѪֻմȾͬѩĮ
֮ǰȻͬ˵֮ǰ̫ܶмӣԾǱ֮ϵ࣬ʱʱ͸¶ıϸ塣
ڿһнԲͬ
̳Ӧԡ
Щ̫¿Щ⣬̫ѵȴҪһЩ޾أ
˵˿϶ףٱܹĿ֮չ¶ķ
ĳڲ֪ƣƮɢС̧ͬҲԼ
˵Ŀ˴˽ȴЩᣬ̫󻺻ĵ˵ͷ·ǱĻȡõһ㡣
û뵽ȥ˽һˣǰȻ˼Ժǰҿеˡ
ƾȤĻͬС׹һĴ
̫ǻسüͷ£֮ǰҲøӵǺ̳ϦദǸ̫µĳǵ֮С
罥Ĵ㴿˼ڵУȴܹ֪ĽǵĿС
̫󻺻̧ͷĿ֮ǰȣȱ˼į
ʱķ紵ݶҲ֪ˣʲô뷨
̫ܵĵ˵ͷں֮ϵĻΪɿĿɽԾ̫ˡ
̫˵йڻʺµ飿
̰ڳһҶ˵ģС̫̽ĵɫȻ֪˲̣̫Եų⣬Ҳ̫ϡ
̫絭ǳǳЦ˼֮󣬲ɫص˵Ķͷ
֮и˼įϷζ
ѵ̶ʲô⣬ѾͷƽʱĻӰڵȥˣһǿѸٵĲҵôûȱأ
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ʺȻܹ乬϶ı£̶㵨ٴҲҶԻʹָֻš
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ãҵûпѾͷȻŵĻҲʲô⣬ֻ
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ƵĴӣϹ̫һԴĿĮĴשϡ
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̫ǳɵʵ㵽ǲԸЧڰң
̶е˶Ļ́ͷ΢ŵĻǾޱȡ
̫˾ڴ֮ǰȸӵ䡣
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ȻڲźۼĴ֮ǰһ嵭ӣҲ̸֮еľζŨ񵽲Ũˡ
ҲǸ˾
̶Ըں󹬵ǷǷ֮УǱ֪飬Ҳ̶ĺܶԡ
ˣʺ̫Ķթʲôأ
ĴĿ⣬û̫ڽš
̫·ҲԸǿĴ֮󣬻˻֣ǷŹһ㡣
̵ת뿪ʵĹһܹܵͷϸĴѾѾڹſڵ˺ܾãһųġ
ѾˣԼ鷿档
΢΢һͷأôܻ鷿أԼֻһŮûʲôαȫ˵ϻ
ŮѾ˵ˣֻܹ˵ͷĿ˼Ĵ̫Ĺ֮ƿ˳˽ӡ
Ĵ΢С겢ģŨʱٴ꣬ﲻ
䲻֪ЩʲôӽһʹɫĹŮ̧֣鷿
鷿ɢһϢ
һԵø߲ʣһɫӣЦЦ
ɵ˽ҲûʲôԾר־Ŀ£ûбš
ʱЩΡ
ҵѾͷˣ
Ϊ֮ڰϣĸ档
ֻĲõĳƺҲ⣬ƾ羲ϵ߱ϴ
ӣ˼
̴Ŀ⣬Ƕ÷ִģȻϴ󲻾
ϼνǳЦ


318 ʼ

ϲƽܹŵɢһ֮һЩҲɢơ
ȸһ֣Ϊĳغʵ
ҲԵøӿ¡
̹ڳһ֪ģΪ
ʥϽҵ̶νأ̶Ҳãʲôܹ˵Ĺ⻷
֮дĲ⣬ͬǵͷעĿĿ⣬ģǳƵЦ˼
һļƻѵΪѾͷ𡣡
޵ķʣԵ΢ϲɫظ˵ľ롣
вСֹ
˵黹ûöʱûе뷨
һʹϾֱҵңѶ뷨˰ɡ
֮ǰҲ˵һлڿ֮Уûжۣڿôˡ
֪ܶ࣬Խղž˲⣬ǾЩе˼һܹ쵽Ļ
Ҳŵ˵һ죬ܹԴʢĽ绢ܹĺ
ҧԼĴ깴𴽽ǡ
ǻԸŶĻḰǣְֵܹȥ̴ǣһļĹʵܹ֤ʳķա
Ŵɲִûи߾ķչ޷ԤÿյͬʱҲ޷Ԥÿճɡ
ѧͳ˵ķʽܹѧΪ
̶Դͬĵԣֻһ򵥵Сѡ
˻մãֻһͶݸ
ƺǹһֻܹǺʵ۱˦˵ϣ֮ɢ
ѹڳһֵ̿ģ˻ϽյΪֻΪ˾
ȻӵеλҲӵȨơ
ǵĸ߿Ƽչܹûʼ档
Ҳһ˫нʼҵʼյԼΪĴӵ˲е˼
ԣ̫һΪ˺󹬵ĺϵһΪ˹λôһ
Ҳǲ⡣
˼׻׻̻ĵͷ­ȴŻϾķԸ
ĺҲûг̫ãϳŤ촽
ԼǾô˵İɡ
̲Ե̧ͷǰ˼ܹõһۡ
ʲô飬Ҳö֪
ֻҲ֪϶֪йϵϾΨһйصϵˡ
Ȼһ򿪣һ۾ܹµıʼǣճС
һĿʮУ۱ϣ̧üͷȥ뵽ԵǻЩĵģ
û뵽˵
дģĹ飬һ˳е˵ڽΥ˽Ľ
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Ȳɹҵ˰ҲϹ
Ӱܴ󣬻ķ棬ʲô˽̡
ĮĿϷҡת
˳һ˲ƹȥ˳Щۣдж˵һ顣
ɫҲһٱ䣬Ҳò׼ϾǸʲô˼ѵΪʦ
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鷿ǳҹߵȼ档
޵Ŀ⣬ϸϸĴųķ绪˾òͬѰ
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Լʲôһ˵ķ׷֮Уܵ
ϿηĿ⣬ֻǵİᱡ۷ּ䣬ȴóǧء
ڻ纣˼ֻ޵ĿǳǳŤתš
һԲ֮󣬲Цһ˵һ֡
ʱ˼ҲԼ˼Ŀۡ
㾿ҪЩʲô
̲Ե˫ۡ
̶δԽص飬Ҳ
˼Ƭ̣ƾ绺ĴﲻԾսһ¡
ʼҵ˼ɲ⣬յ˽һ׵ס
Ϲ¾Ӱ޵Χģ˱൱ľ룬˵ķ顣
ܹܵĿϡӡ

ֻܹվۼԼѾ׵ĲϥǣһԲ
ûκͲҶ˵һ䡣
㵹Ǻ֮ǰȾ˺ֲܶ࣬ʲôޡ
ССֹһ
ʣ⸱ģǱȳ˵޻ҪµĶࡣ
ȴ˵ֻǱ͵Ŀ΢΢´


319Σ

λεģͬľĹ⣬ܵһֲͬѰį
Ͼڴʱüͷ̾һ֮ĿԴĲȴһ¡
ֲѾͷȻ˵ĿҪǿǼӣ½ˮˮֻһֱ
Щεĳ鴤Ŵǣ֪˵Щʲôˡ鲻Ըİ⼸ϽңҲ۵Ҫ
ⲻǡʱ䣬ϹİЩµ
˵ݡ
ֺαˡʥӢΪʥϵָзĻŽˮĻҲ˿Ѹٽ
˵˵ʲôٻЩȴǡôĻĵ˵ͷ
ЩʾͬҲڹỌ̇̄ҪסԼı֣ʾⲻҪΪԼԺա⡣
ΪȻģͷһԲȴŻϵĺġ
ȴҲʲôûлظǳ˦˦֣绨뿪ˡ
Щͷԣû뵽ճĹб˻ڵȴ
롣
䲻֪Ϊʲôü֮زסļֽ
Ϊʲô飬Һ¡
˵Ļ̼͵ĵ˵ͷĵص˴ǡӯĹâ޿κΡ
Ƿ綯Ķ
ס֣ѯʵʲô顣ôڹôã
ǳǳĻȵĵζ
̻ס֣һЩĵ̧ͷΪһϤ峺ӡ
ĪܹܵѪζֻʱܹԼǱеĹΧסģȻеѾ֮ڿڡ
Цˡ
뿴ЦĻŽصģʱùѹӰѾڡ
ֻУǰһˡ
쳺͸ǵĺ档ܹԶԶĵط絴ӰвĪĲʡ
˵˵𡭡
Ծǲţ˫ȭԵЩ͹Գ
쳺ʧӰ֮Уδֹһ㡣
δδнţ絴Ʈҡ
̴ǵĻȵ൱ǳǳؿԣ۾
òܹϢһᣬȻֵܹźХķ
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˳ȻԼĻУһĨɫӰǻ·
·˵Ѿ߻
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ִֻ֪֣ɱһξͺˣڶ漸ܾ֮ûʲô˼ˡ
͵Ĳӣܹķ
ס˫֣صĲӡ
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ͷβ˶ûۿǸͻȻ֮нٵˡ
ĳѾһֱĴӣķйȡ
üһɨ䣬ѾŵΧס
ѾǷĳƫƧС·ķ㣬ζƽ
ɪ
ͷĺɫһ䡣
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ǳƵصüͷһʱ޿κεתߵһߣܿĹ
ǵҪûˡܹȡͷ˻ࡣĿбóһذס
붼û뵽ȻЯ⣬ԵЩɻ
ȴһֱ׳Ļظ˵ġ
Ϊ㣬㿴ʱǶ֪ٴԲͬ˵İɱˣΪҵȻҪ׼һ㡣
˵ȻȻţͷȴȻһЦȻͦ
ɲǡ
ס֡
ӰؽΧţͬһӰ
̾˵⡣
ĺӰһһǶĪĴӸط˳
Ĺ졣
ԺϸϸһȻҲйЩӰļأǴ˵еɭ
еŹ֣ǵС
ס֣Ҳ֪ʲôʱǵĳϵӶѾ˱仯ȡ֮
˶ûвΪġ
ΪȻĵ˵ͷȻСƣֻѾ˶ҩۣѾĦϡ
ҪЩǣ²Щҩ
ֻЩҩţЩӰǺѾ˶ŷɶĹ켣ܿЩҩ


320 Ծ

뵽ͷһ΢ɲüת
ӰҲʱĹһԵĺӰͷ˿⸱ͬСһĶĳ
ҲҪ׷˼ˣҪ֪Ͽ»ûмܹƿ󷨸˵ˡ
Ŀ䡣
Ҫ󷨵ĻҪۣܹܵһеĻ鶼ӭж⡣
һ΢ЦüͷԾڴЩӰǺһεţûԼʶֻǰеĹؽ˶
ǲòϣǷĹҲ
봹ӵ˼ֻ
ҡҡͷЦһ
Ķǲ
̺ԥػ˵ҿʲôûͿʼǲˣǷ˵ˣһĻ˵ٵֻ׾ٵС¡
Ȼδӱص鼮г롣
ǳĺХǼ˶ĽҰ⣬ɫԽԽŨء
Ӱϳīһĺۼ
絴š
üͷ٣ͬһӿϸһȴûп⡣
еĺӰǴһģ֮п̳ġ
ȥɡ
ֻתһĺȻ󽫺Ū˼ϸˣγѪѪ̵ģ˻ȵ
֮ЩӰǶʶ
ͬһǰӿĹȥ
ȻǵʵߣҲǼѸ١
ҡ˶˵Ȼÿһ˵ʵֻҪǴһʮеٶȣܹǺͶԷʹ˺սȫѲ
̲òԶԣ鲻ʱоЩӪһѪʹѪȵħЩӰħһǰ̡
ͬǴóһѱİЩȴȻģѪȣǲûѪֱŷ
Щǻе˼ʵ壬ȴܹƾյǡ
ͬһнţ˵ȴǶϱŷٵЦ⡣
һһʽǳѸ٣ԿƵУ׼ҵһطʱܡ˲ٵĹӰ֮˹
ֻҪ˵ĻĹŵĻ϶ǽܲסģЩӰûκε֪ġ
̺ò׵İߵĹӰǶɾû뵽ֻǵָ΢΢ʲô
ոձɢɢӰȫĺͺ
ڡ
һǿԼ侲ɽ˺ǰߵĻò˶ã϶ͻܲ˵ġ
Ǻá
ͬ˼⣬ֻѸ٣ͬӰһٶȱѸٵĽӽӡ
ӻû뵽Ķ֮죬һѳѾ
Ѿ⽣ӰĿʼ˹
㶯ֹӽӰ
ףץסʱԼᣬĶҲûκεֹֻͣסһСƿӡ
ȥоĻҩֻһΣûá
Ҳ˲߶ʮһˣƿˤ֮󣬱һشССĻӿڵ֮ϡ
ܵǣЩ粢ûдĵطһ˲ǰȼϡ
ͬðգ֪һ󷨣󷨻ὫʵǵЩֻΧ󷨵ıԵ⵽ǰŷ
ײİȷ󷨵ķΧ
ȷЩ֮ĶѸ١
֪Լ뷨ܻᱻһ˾롣
ʤ׷಻Ӱͬľżһ֮䡣
ǵе㱾£ֻƾ㱾µĻ޷ƽ󷨵ġ
ô֪ء
СƿһһģЩӰǺҲ»ȼţ䵨ӵģǵԱƮ˹ȥ
ǲЩϸ΢ĶǽĶе
ǳǳ̧ͷϸŤתһ
ͬץסӹСѣСſĶŤתš
ȼյĻͬϼһ㵴һ֮Уܹ˳ٱš
Щʲô
ӵӿŲõԤУһ֪νЩ顣
罥شš
ȴܲů⣬ǲòϡ
ˡ
ŻѣʹṦһ˲š
֮ǰΪ˱֤ԼȫѧϰһȻֻèĹ򣬵ʱôġ
΢΢ʣĻӡ
ѵû߹㣬ǾʵΣ


321 

ͬһĻﵴ˳ǳǳƮɢš
ͬųˣǳĹ⻷תƮΪ˳š
òϵǿЩ籼ڶϵĻ棬ܾһʯͷˣ˼Ǹɰܾһ˲䡣
Ϊģǵһ㶯֪ˣ󷨵ķΧͬġȷ󷨵ķΧ֮󣬱ܹ϶۵ķλ
˳ⱼڶһһ˲ǰţȻܹ֮ԭ֮ƣһֱı
˵ĺ֮ѾԽˣǷ֡
ȥĻܿǾܹ˳Ľ⿪󷨣ǾͿ뿪ˡ
̽ס˻ѣһĳζ
ĳ̾һ֪ʵֹȼյһ̾Ϣһжɢı仯
ܹ֮ɢŵһϢеķƺҲ֮ɢ
˺һ
еĺӰҲȫɢˡ
ܹۻĹ˳֮ʱ
еȫɢеĺӰҲȫĻΪ˻ҽ˵ɫۿɼٶȱøӲ԰ס
ǾȻ
޵üͷЦЦ
㲻˵ûܹ⿪һ𣿡
̧ͷĴǣһȻͬһ˳
û˦һƯʻѪں˵˳
֮ǰָһ󷨣Ѿʧȥ˴󲿷ֵڡԸʤһ֣ûлֵء
ѸٵԶ˺ǵľ룬ʮΪϲߣҲǶ
̵ȻҲץס˻ᣬһڣ䡣
û뵽ôôĽһС΢ɲģ̾һ
û뵽
ȴֱ׳̧ͷվλܹӸµһ
ȻҲõĻᡣ
ܹʤ׷
뵲ߡ˸֮ܵķ紵ңܹܵĵž͹ķڡ
һ˽һˣ˲ܹģԼΣ֮䡣
ԡ
ֱ̼޷С
ֻܹЩĹûκδϢء
ܹ׾ٵץסļ
û뵽˵ĶҹϣԶ˫ҲҪߡ
ô۴ĳҲƽ
Ѿӵ˾⣬Ҳټ
Ȼʮ⣬һĲ
⸱ģǴƪʧѪĻҪܹץסĻͺˣֻĻ
ܵٶȷǳѸ٣ͬһ㣬뾡һҲˡ
ûа취ֻĶͷţѾҵ鷢
ûа취أ˵ڿ֮ӦúķеľŶԣҿ֮УѵãܹʹķߵĻҲС
˵ۺܸߣֻüͷ
ûмǴĻӦĪҶģѵĪаŹϵ
뾮ķһ㡣̴ϢƬ̣䲻֪Щûйϵ
ܾò̫
̽ס֡
Сһ㣬ܾûô򵥣ңҲ뷨ڻʺѾس˶
ѾİԼʱҵĸȫȻ˵һ顣
Ŀбӣһѱס䲻֪ĽҰ⾿˳ŴĵطţҲǺҡ
ܹҵԾסĵطһǮƹϵǴ˲ٺصϢ
ԭǻʮԶľ롣
̹֪ϢЩ̾
Ҳ֪˺ֵķȻĻôܹ֪ʱ򣬾ߵôԶľ롣
˳ŵƹһ˲Ĵţǰصũûʲô⡣
Կǹ⾫Ƶһ֣˵ĻʵĻ
ĪҵʵҲʵ̫˰ɡ
ֻҪܹԼʵһ̹װһ˳º͵ģ޹Ĵ۾ãȻ޴գš
˵һЩȤĻܹܶĹ¹ϲ֮顣
ڻвٵܹ˳ش̽˲ٵϢ
µĻصʱ
һѽһѵС
ЩСȻûʲôģҲǱĲãӳ֮¸Եࡣ
û뵽ЩЩɻ
Ƿʲô飿
ѵÿֳ֮ʡ
¶һǳģӳ֮¸ӻ


322

ЩֵŪԼǣȻЩǶúܼªĴֽŵģȴбĲõζ
ѵЩ̶ڴ̽ϢʱЩǾú˼Ծ͹ȥһЩЩ͸ҡ
˵һֱ׳޿κεĵ˵ıû뵽Ȼ˵ϲǵĻȸڲסġ
û뵽̶Ȼ˵ϲ
ǳЦӯӯĵ˵ͷ
뵱ǿ佱ɡ
΢ЦţȻһѰ쵽ԼĻ
ѵүͲںʲô飿һ˵ں̶ûвĹؼأ
ڳһӡ
º͵ظĶͷȷûʲôԺǵĻ
̶Ȼֻܰû뵽ĴεһûΣҲûκһ䡣
Ƿ綯Ķ
Ц绨븧ļͬʱǲɫĽţ
ЦǺǵ˵Ҳ֤һӦþǸͨĴӣûʲô⣬ң̶ϸϸ̽ˣȷľԭס񡣡
ǿľϵĺۼԣǼٵģ֤ݡ
ǵϴ඼һŨʵĺ룬ʲô⡣
ܹ̹ĵЦաʲô͡
徻ס֡
ͬˡ
˯ɡ
ȻƫƧСȴظɸɾ
ǼªҲһ顣
̶Լֿɣܹ˴ȤԼ
ȴûôֹ۵˼һ򣬾һ
ԣغ̺úϢԼֱ۵֧㡣
ϾҲĶ̫ɾһʲôĻͲ̫ˡ
Ŀбӡ
̿ЩĿЦЦһץסֱۣȴֱӵİ˴֮ϡ
һϢɣҲһţصĻ̶϶ĲģԲһ𡣡
֮ǰȸӵĿ϶ܹĹâת˲š
ΪĿֱۣܹܵ罥ķȻڶݵǲòϡ
Ϣ˶ת
绹ڲ֪ƣĴţһַ΢ӵߣһƤʱתҲᴵɢеá
ֵ͡
Ҳǻ˺ôһݹ򣬲ܹ˳ĵ֪ڵĵص㣬ͻص·
ǧȻ˵ϣʮ·нĻҲн˴ʱܹϤĳǽ
һ
Ļ֮ǰ̽Ѱ鱨Ǽٵģûʲô⣬ֻû뵽Ӿʲôܹƻľݵ桭
ԽԽò˼飬ʵȷķǰ֮ŲΪĹâ
ͷȷûκε֮󣬲΢һȻܹĿչչ顣
û¾ͺã鱾Ѿȥˣżʱվܹõ𰸡
ۼ˸Ĺâĵ˵ͷ֮ûж˵Ļ
ס֡
صүүɺ֮ǰȶܰϢ
Щڴſڷͦţܹü֮иǲסԥ
үȥˣѵûһ׼𣿡
ľᡣ
̸һʱ򣬾Ϳ⸱ģ͵ЦЦ۵˴ǡ
ѯʵǷʲô飿翴鲻Ǻܺãѵ𣿾Ͳ̶ܹ˵һ˵
ڼмɵģ֮ǲɫطԸţһԵ˱ϺõĲˮ
Ҳû뵽ĿȻһ󣬶󿴵Щüͷǲѯʵ
ⷢʲô
׺͵̧ͷ֮еͬɻĹâͬҲǲö֪ʲô飿
򺮺һڲ裬žԼ黺ֻ࣬
ԥƬ̣Űѻ˵øװס
Ҳףԭ˺˶ûӡܷܷԲˡ
ͻȻжеĶֵΣ͹һһ̫ҽ˺ֶҩ
ģ˯˹ȥ
Ŵ˻ʱҴԽǵĻܻģأɲƲܡ
ԵĻȥɡ
Ҫǵûôס
ее˻᲻
˵Ҳֱӡ


323 

оΪЩһ۵ζ
޿κε̾һû뵽
ЩϢͷ
򺮰ЩϢ߸̬ҲԣҪܷܷĻضȥһүϸ̽һ
϶ˡ
ѵôܣԼˣҲԸȥǹӲҪĿԣ
Խ˵ԽãԼԹһġ
̿ǼըĴ⬣ɫĻĶͷ׵侲
һӣʥǱĻΪʲôб¶Υʥּ϶ûǸӡ
ͷβŵģǲɷϵǣôȷʵĳ̶ֳܹܺõĻ״
Ǽٵ֮һĨӰӡ
˼ĵ˵ͷ
ȷˡϷǳƽֻҪܹõĻӦܹӭж⡣
˵ĺ֮ǰȣŸ΢Ϣ¶š
ȴ֮еǡôĹ⻷ȷ鲢⡣
ԡ
ĻҽսһˣȥһʥּŻҲܹǵġ
Ȼĳ̶ֳϲԸıڴ
ҲŻܹǵĹҪΪС¶ǣĬĬ߶š
û뵽粻ɣһԵѾѾСĶʥּ˹
̿òԡͬǽɻ׸һԺǳȵĹŮ
ǻʺּ⣬˵дϷҪʹҪЩ¡
Ůһһ۵˵ţ֮ǰȺû
ܹü֮еġ
üͷϸĿһȷһһֵġһЩ鱦Ρ
ͬһչҲܹǶºģ
Щ鱦Ǽĵġ
ֹ̾Դվ̫֮ϣͺͻʺ޹ϸϵˡ
Ų֮ǰʺ飬һûһףȵȷѵãҲòΪЩ
̲ܹл֮ǰæҩŵʱ򣬿ǵõ˲ٵӡ
һʹҲʶ϶֮ǰҩãʺǱϳϲ˰ɡ
š
Ҳ˲һԵĹŮ߶߶˵һһûõĻ
ٹʥּ֮󣬹ŮҲǸˣµļ
򺮿֮Ϊ侲һˣ鲢ûйľᣬ̾һֲ֮˵ġ
Ĵš
ĿбӣЩ鱦û̫뷨
ɲ֪Ǻá
͵ЦЦʥּϸĿһòϣʺм¡
ķӦԼ
û뵽
޵ĸ̾һӱҲû뵽ʺȻܹض
֮ǰľǹΪѵˡ
òϣʺѾߵһͬ乬飬ڻûܹ׵Ľ⿪
Ψһһܹ乬߳Ļʺ󣬶ڼµڹڵıȵĴš
ֶο˾ϲġ
绨ЦţòϡǴģнġ
˼죬ҲһԵ˵
ܹѻѾˣа취ܹܷܷҿ϶ǡ
Ҫĺ֮ǰȸӵͣƺǳ׵ķ
ϾԼã˭ء
̿⸱ģһĵ˵ͷҲļ˵
ǸҲҪС̫һ
ܿҡҡͷûôһ
һ򣬾ľЩʲô飿
Ȼе谭Ȼ١
˼ĵ˵ͷ֮ǰȣѾʧȥľᣬɲòĻξ
ѾӡԼǸѾѹŮ
һֻܹˡ
˼ļ򣬺ҵһȫµ˶Ȳ
ס֡
ҡ
⻰˵ıÿһζҪӵ죬ܹܵȸԾϢϵÿһ̶ŷš
ʱڲ֪ƣš
Щɥ߿ˣòһжһξһջȡ
ÿһӶܹߵӢµĹƶ֮Уᡣ
޿κεҡҡͷԼеףڴи޵ף֮С
һжõģĬĬš


324 Լ

ûܹܾķ
ӲӵһƬţɷǳɫȹڵܵĹâκεʶҪÿ
ɫˮɫѾںһ
ʫһĵĽյ˼ӣĺһ
ǸĶ̫ˣ֪Ǹǳ²࣬ȻİԼĵܵȥˡ
ʫĬĬ²ۣǳвĶôнĻ
еƵˡ
̻ĴѲк󸣡ȥԼĻ
亹
ǰվһӣһԲɫ㹻Į
ֶ䡣
ĻѾ㲻ˡ
ӵĻޱȣٷ·ֻڲһƽʵһ
Σ
һηĶỺ͵˸Źԡ
ʫ̧ͬͷűˡ
Ҫô׾ܹöĻͲˣе㱾µĻ˽ҵ뷨ͿԣĻҲΪˡ
֮ǰѾ͵ĲӣʵķҲܿ͸¶Լɧ
Ӿ˵ĺܶԣҲĴεϢ
Ļ
޿κεҡҡͷ
ȴѵõĻ˼įϵ⡣
ƺڲɿǵĲֻǳĬĲӵ絭
û׹ѳɻķ绪
׼ô죿
ӵԴ̽ʫԼ΢ЦĲӣӦýƾͼƵġ
ȴ׼׾ٵķŹ̡
̹ƶˣҪҲһ׮£Ļ˼һӾͳھֹİɱ֮аɣҵҪܹõ˼
ʫͻȻ⣬ѵõĥӣֹĺڰ֮С
Զ֪ôģ
˻Ц˳ղ֮УһɨĵżįʵĹԣǱĻ׵ȡЦˡ
Цʲô
ʫڳһĨΪӡ
ܹ֮еסȭͷľĻŵĻԲ𾴡
ĺһ
ֻǾɰ
سĬ֮дᡣ
ƽ
ܹܵɢһɽƵϢ޿ɷϵص޵Ļ
ֻܷܷһˡ
˷ŭƽŲģȴػ޿κΡ
Ҫȥ𣿡
סȭͷƽãǷ߿֡
ѪҲΪܾòô׾ͷŹ򺮡
ȥѵǿҵĳˣҪô׾پͰǷŹĻδ棿
ѵõģҲأԵ
Ҳͬ⡣
ζǼǹҽܷܷġ
Ѿݽһţд˺ܶ࣬ǲ׾ٵľԭ
ƽͲĿЩĺŮһôʱ䡣
ʳӡ
Ϊʲô
ƽĳŨأԼ΢ģ̾һдľȻֵŶ˳ȥ
۲Ĳ
ƺ⶯ȡõˣһʫдġ
ĻҲţڴϱôҽͣѵһҪָ𣿡
Ϊʾ˳ȥ
ңʥҲ۵ѾԸ˲ٵ̫ҽѵСӼҵܹЩˣ߰ʮҽʮ˵ҽҪ߳𣿡
һһķ˹ȥƽ֪ν͡
Ҳòϣ˵Ķеֲķ̲ɡ
ѡ
ԼļıóѣָϽó˻ȱһһϵ˵
Ȼ˵Ļ⸸׻Щ̫ҽǶɣһ˵Ƥһء
˶һһ̫ҽͲֻ̲ܹܷܷ
дʵͼӴ׵˵һ䣺ֻһ˲ܹҼܷܷΣ˵ĪеĶµġ
Խ˵Խ·ԼĺƲ⣬ֱ׳
ĻĿȻΪЩ飬ҡ
֮еķߺѾ˦˳ȭͷ
ƽ˵ĺܶԣ¶ͻȻ¶˾̵Ļһж˵ͨ


325 

һƺ׵Ƴ
ĵطͬ
ܹܵʺɳϲڹɢһϢ
ʺ˺ӡ
ȻΪأѾǰ϶飬ǲɷϵǻʺ֮ж˼Ĩɫ·ΪӵЦ˸ϲá
ӭȥʱ򣬱ܹʺ֮еһĨζ
ھᡣ
ԽദԽǷǰˣһܹһĳĻ
ǳǳЦЦ
ͬ
Ỻ͵ķһϹϾλ֮ϣһԲȴŻʺҪ˵Ļ

û뵽СѾͷ飬һеġ
޿κε̧üͷʲôԾ
ʺԾ΢ЦţȻǳǳ̧ͷ֮ȴ֣ء
ʲô𣿡
ͣȴܹ׵Ĺâʺ΢Цţֻܾ֮ȷѪ֮ʱ΢
ڵĻʺɲ֮ǰǸʺˣھ¶֮֮ǰķӿѾȻڣһΡ
Ǳ֪˵ĻҲӦ֪һ³𡣡
гĴв
̵˵ͷԹһԸԻʺ֮Ϊˣڡ
ʺսҲصصҪųȥȻĻΣ
Ȼһ̶ĪĻҲǡô
֮ɢһɲҩķ㣬ר̥ҩû뵽ʺ黹Īִš
ʲôзִɣȻ֪ģʺﻹǺú̥ͺã˼룬ȻĻ¶ӹǣҲǲİɡ
˵ǡôʺҲ⣬ĵ˵ͷͨˡ
ȴץסһᣬ͵˵̶һڻʺŻʺլʺܷܷжѾȥã̫ҽԺǱ˵ڻûʲôȷеķӡ
ɲᡣ
ʺȻ֪ôֻǳǳĵͷ޵Ĵ
ǣȨڱ
Ƶ̧֡
ҪѲܰ쵽Ҳ֪ģҽԺѾȥô˵ڻûʲôչֻһС
֮вĴųŪ˼޹صĻʺԼ乬˷˵ĥ
ںòܹõȨЦøӻˡ
ͬǴüͷûж˵ʲô
û¡
֪ʺ󲻻ô׾ٵͬ⣬֪ҪʥһʥּĻܹеǡ
ƫƫô
Ļ֮չֵ쾡£Ѿ޿˵ĵزԼȥá
ǻݵĺһ׮ѵʺԸĿһ绨Ůӣɢ
ʺһվ
һɢڻʺ£ֻѾͷǲǻûףﲻͱ޹أֻ϶ڻûּ⡣ֻǻʺѣҳԽء
һһη塣
ͬǴ粽á
ȻȥһϣǷϵ̫ߣһһᱻϾÿĻ졣
ֻܹ²ߡ
΢ЦŽȭͷ̧
ھ̫ҽԺ˶鶼ûһȷеϢѵЧٽȥĻͿܷܷˣ
֮вɵĴżһֽԴη塣
ҲԴ̶ԼҽͶִѧţɲԼʲô
ʦڲ֪ƣĴţȴÿʱÿ̶ڴǵ
ʺȻؿ˿Ȼܹ˫޹ˮĴ۾֮жĴԼΣա
롭
ߡ
ʺ̧Ŀ⣬ƵĽֱߵĹŮдһּ⡣
ĿԤʾŻʼΪĽɫĳУдԼǵ֡
ôܾ¶ûǸˣҲ׾پưոݡ
ܷܷ
ʹ˾ǻ̵һƬ
һжµһյĳ׼ȥϧû뵽׼̤ʱ򣬻ʺ󹬵һСŮȴ˹
޲ѿһλȨĹŮҧҧᡣ
ʺū澸һ仰ĪĪǿ󡣡
һηĶСŮŵӣܹĮİС
Ҳ鷳λùðæٴһ仰ЩޣòǿһٲϧĻҲô򵥡
ǸеӣܹõѾѵá


326 

䡣
־Ĵš
³һŪʮʥּѵõĹճЩģԣ̡
Ķ˸ʲô
Ӱ̤ŷ糾ڻʥּ
ֻﻹཱུ߶дԴԹ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôǻʺ㽾͹ִĻǾûô򵥣ҵķӻ
Һʱ˺ͣʺѾУԼϵ̥Ȼǿüصġ
ͬһѱ
̽˵Ǳ֪ˣܹûʺеĻҲһΣա
ԻʺæҲð
ĸǡ
һУȻջãҲԸ˵Щʲô
ĵ˵ͷ˵ĺܶԡ
ȷү˵ǰ㡣̴ݲȵĺһڲˮƽһԼľȷ򵥡
֮ǰȸӵĸ̴ķ˿
̶룬˭ıӵȻôؼʱ¶̵ԽԽ鲻̫Ծ
ʱʵ̫ˣҾò̫ԾôأǸһȥݺɱܷܷͲء
֪ۺ;ᣬ̧ʧһ֮󣬸ΪȲ
̫ˡ
ȻһּĻ̶ǿȥһȥʲô
˵ͣźۼģѻص㶼תˡ
չ¶һĨмЦݡ
ȷȵǾлȥˣһлܹɢ
ƽ
̺粢ſڵȴţչأһܹ֮ͨǽСĴŲٵҩݡ
ϣܹѸٵĻⲡʹĥ
ܷܷҲûϢֻ֪һǻԵ״̬̫ҽԺ˾޲š
Щ̫ҽԺѵһ㷽û𡭡
̲ɵøɻˣ˵㣬̫ҽԺˮƽһ㣬Ҳᵽֵز˵
Щ˶ǻϾϸѡġ
̶ѵ⣿
εѯϸŤתһǳĿȥǼȻܹһЩĹؼ
ͬǵ˵ͷ
ֻǾɻ˵Ҳᵽ޲ߵĵز˵̫ҽԺ̫ҽˣ˵ŷḻٴ顣
Ȼڽûʲôڻ֮Уû·ˡ
ԾҲ޲ߵĻܾЩ΢
绺
ͨãҲ˹һſڵСˣĿⴹ鲻Խ
ȴʱȵķʡ
ѵʸû𣿡
˹յżģһ·ֻɫ۸Եˡ
ģġ
̵ǿˬﲻɷһĿת
ͬ
ÿ˾ֻһθġ
ôˣ
һηģҲں˵ݣǽ鲻Ѿ֪飬ҲûҪάֱƽ⡣
ɣƫƫһ
ܷܷѾΣڵϦˣɾûʱνϺҷŹ
ԣ̧˼š
Ѱ˼ûηɰԣ˭˭ӮҲжۡ
֮еĲмɢ˿һһ˽ȥ
֮ǰŹصģǾЩضûŵıҪˡ
ĺ棬ʵĿɽ޼ɵĻ
Ȼ˿˵߿϶ǱϹġ
ǳĳ谮ĿɢǵԱߡ
̧ͷܹ֮ɢı䡣
¶˾ģͲйǣ
ɲ˭ĵط
У˵
Ȼһ÷ִˣǡ
仰û취졣һĲ鲻Ըģܹ˽
ſڵһ־磬ոյ䡣
ȴֱӵߵܷܷ֮С
ûн䣬ܹŵ֮ŵһɷݵϢԴɬ
ǳǳһţܹٵĲҩɷ֡
ҩЩƫˡܷܷӿɾܲôڣ̫ҽԺˮƽֻ˵ĻҵǺûһЩ
˵֮иˮһ֮顣
ֻŮ˶ġ
޹˵ĺĶԸʵģɿأ
Ŷ


327 

ƺܹһƳϢķʡ
λȷˡͬҲǳǳģһ۾ܹʱӡ
̫ҽԺﶦ̫ҽˡֻƢ㲻Ϻá
̵˵ͷһ̫ҽƢŹֵġ
ҹˣѵʲôջʴ
Ŷ룬Ȼһһ˳һӿȵвҩϢɢš
޿κεĴͷ
ܷܷ˲֮ϡƤѩһģ״϶ûκεѪɫܹܵһĺ
ҪǲѾˡ
Ķ΢Ĳ
ܹܵľǿԼһһıħȥϣҲΪһҽߵ
ζñԼߵˡ
ԼĻƸļȻ˲䡣
õػ
Ҫ˵Щʲô̫ҽͬǶЩĺ档
ոյĻǶڶˡ
࿪Щҩ⣿
ʱûлش⣬Сһ֪ܷܷĶڵĽ׶λù۲һ
ȹ۲쿴
ȻˮһͣȴĪĵָֻ⣬裬ĸһ
ܷܷܱ䣬ƽĲж֢״
ûκε٣ѪҺӿ˶ع鵽һִĺ״̬
ԽԽˣһ顣Ϊ֢״ԸӦÿһЩĲҩ
̶ʵķš
һԼܹ˼ǵӣǽѾǶĿˡ
ôǻô
ԽԽòˬ
վǰģҽԺ̫ҽûβõĲ
ҲûܷܷҪٰӸܷܷιҩĻҪǾòüʱգҪɥˡ
˵棬ǶԴԼˡ
վǰ棬˼
̶һֱ˵ҲֱֱȥģðˣǶе
û¡̫ҽȴûԵôƽϣҪܹκÿĲҲаֻ֢״δţֻܹҽˡ
䵭
ƽһĻʹˣﾭܵڡ
Ѿۿ֮ӿ
ôˡ
ƽҪ̫ҽˣΨһŮƽʱŰŶأôܹ㡭
֮ĿŻл㱵Ĵ̺ϡ
տǷ˻ʺּǰһ̽ġ
ץס˻ó˻ʺ־ͬҲǷסǻੲݵ͡
ڣоб¡
Ȼ鲢̫ڿء
̫ҽ΢ش
̫ͬҽ˵Ļһ㷨Ӷûˡ
ôܹģ
ץסᡣ
̶ܹĻҪҺúõĿ
ֻǼ򵥵İһʲôȻˡ
æ˵
̫ҽ޲ߵĻСѾͷƬӵĻʲô
ǰԼη嶼Լϡ
֪Ҳ֪õöԷĻҲĺѽ
ѸٵĽõķǰԼĶϣԥнš
Ŵ˻üͷĲӡ
ȻҲôܹõĴ顣
ȴƫƫĳ̶ֳϲԸԸԳ
ܷܷںڴϣκεʲô
ƽԼϲŮ⸱ģȻҲһ
ܹʲôԸҡ
ڴʮּ˵
һǹµһô죿̣ĻǺܣҵҲΪһöӣҪ͹ϵ͹¶á
Խ˵Խ⣬µĵ˵ͷƺԼͬԼ뷨
Եø޿κΣôû뵽
üͷӲ䡣
֪˵Щʲô
ҺܷܷĹϵҪ˻ɣĵĻҲûбҪһݵġ
ġ
תͷܹü֮лǳηĶȥ
𺳵Ŀˣþ÷
ƽ֪Լֻܹץסһݣ¶˵飬˶ڲ飬ɵڻûвһŵ
Ȼ⣬ҲܹĻɱˡ
ͷ


328 ·

ֻÿ˶˼죬еں棬еɻеڳ˼еֻһϵġ
ƽץסᡣ
ҪܹľͺŮ֮ǰһʹ
ںЩ
֮ǰ߲˶˵ںֻܷܷܹܲ
ɿڡҲ˫ۡƽ֮ݲȵȥ޵
ܹ徻ҲܹܷܷѾ΢ɲ̾Ϣ
޵㺣ֽ֮ͨ
ҽܹ״̬˵ͻߵĸǹͨġ
һ֮ľ硣
״̬һⷬǲɵþ
䲻֪ЩĪܹܷܷܵÿһϸÿһĺ
еĸо񶼱˳״̬΢ȴܹջܹ࣬׾ٵĲѯܷܷ⣿
鲻Ҫһ¾ɵõսľط⡣
ǷβԽԽ΢ˣϼĻͻֹ᳹ͣ
̵ϵĸһҩ衣
һֹ𣬶Ǹûа취ֻܹĿһڵҩܷܷ
ҩܹסģԺжô⣬ô񻯣ٻܹһ
̾鲻ֹۣôҲ̽ⲻ⾿ʲôڵ
ֻܹʹԭʼİ취ȻסԺĹЧ
˵ʲôʲôһҩ⡣
Ǹˣ֪˲ԣ̫ҽȴڴʱҡҡͷһ԰ơ
ģҲ˳ҩ֥˲ε̲Ʒвغ컨ȶķκҩЧҩƷ
Ŵ˻ƽ΢һ
ĻҲãٻһ
ĬĬİοš
ȴԼĿŤתһϸϸĶһ飬ҲûзֲʱᴫȾϵĶҩ״
ûЩԵĻҲ̫ҽжôͷˣҪܹԶ̽С
ͬʱҲһȡ
ҩǴûмص֢״ȻԣǸûкһֶҩԵϺŵģֻܹðˡ
ƽʱҧ˵ôԣֻҪܹŮһʲôķӶá
⻰ǳǳĵ˵ͷҲǸһҪĶ
øָһССĿӣ͸¶ĶҺоһҩĳɷ֡
Զȵ֪ⶾĳɷʲôܹ֢ҩ
ƽû̫Ŀ
ʵҽˣҾȡѪҲʲô¡
ҪĬĬİοš
ȴʱ򲻺ʱ˵ĳΪֵĹߣһһİЩȫ豸ͳߡ
Ҳֵ
ǳǳ˵˵֮жЦ⡣
ҲܶĶĵҩ˹ȥ
̲ѡһ룬Ȼʵһ˽ȥ
Ȼ¹ʵʹҲܷܷܷܷݱ϶ûб仯·ͯǸ˯ˡ
ܹһɫҺ壬ָ˾Ļ˹ȥ
ԼרĲסСѪҺѪҺȫ嶼͸ɫ
Ӻīˮˮһ
ֹۡ
̫ҽ䲻֪ĶصĹѪҺ˲˵
ƽɫһֱ䣬żתÿһϢԶ٣һѵϺݺݵûûа취
ȷǲֹۣҲ֪˭־Ȼôݣһ涼
̲κε̾Ϣһû뵽¶˾Ȼһ¾µô̵Ķ
Ļûʹ䱦ⶾˡ
̫ҽ뷨
Ȼ֪ʹﻹݣⷬ˵һõͷĬĬĵ˵ͷ
ĻҲǺ¡
֮ǰȸӵͲӡ
ܹڽĬĬץԼһʱ֮䲻֪ȥ˵Щʲôһ㷢ȨûС
º͵ķ紵ÿ˵ļ䣬ÿ˵ĸܶͬе˾תһ˾á
̫ˡ
ͬ˲ͬС
תǡ
Ψһ仯ľǰܷܷԾһģ˫ۿ⻪䡣
ηĵ


329 

̶Դ˲ɷ
һֽ־ԶԸ⿴ġ
̫ҽ뷨Ļȥһ󡣡
ǶԼмＸʵ֪ģܹڹ̵Ļ϶ûϵ
̧üͷ
ֻܹˡ
ͬġƽץסʱ
һֱѻ˵ˣҲԼҪЩʲô
Ȼ˵Ļиˡ
̫ҽǱѾüĿȴ޿κΡ
ⶾҩδţǲֹһֶҩǶֶҩ϶ɣȻĻۡ
뿴˾ģļ
⡣
̹Լ졣
һĿⴥܷܷԼܹ׵ƽ顣
˵ѣܹô򵥣ܹƽĻͺˡ
߹ȣܹԿ赭д֮ķӿ
סֱߡ
ܹܵ˴˺໥¶ϢҲòԼľ
ͬס֣ͬǰġ
һжõġ
̶ԣҲ֪һжãһжᰴ뷨УɲɺԵǡ
֮ǰԸү̫ģԲûڷ˵̫ҽҲ߸үǸʱүܲˡ
˸š
Ҳ֪ģƽҪ֪ܷܷ˶ֵĶأҶ޼ƿѭĻͻʹȥ
Щֻܹ͵͵Ľţš

ꡣ
û֪ƽҹϽͻ˵˺ȥܹ˽˵鷿ﳹҹݡ
ȼյĵƹ⡣
һеյ㣬һеĿʼ
ƽĻһĨĲҩ
̵õϢҪٴ
Σһˡ
ֱ߻ЩҪҪԼ
̫ҽ֮ǰԵøӵĲˣĿ⣬ԾβĶš
ЩҩСһ㡣
ǳǳǣĿ⣬ϸ㲡ܹ̾ѩ֥м˲Σﶼǲֵһġ
ôֱʣѵ̫ҽ׼Դ
ԶŵĿмء
̫ҽ޿κεعһĨЦ
Ҳûа취İ취ˣʹĻȺҲûмˡ
̲òʵסܷܷ֡

ڸԼͬʱҲڸܷܷ䲻֪õǶﻹиοġ
ҩһ˽һ˵ੲš
ȴû̫Ĳ
Ρ
鶼չֵز
ĬĬţܹӿ֮¶ϢǷ綯ĶηĽ١
̫ҽЦЦ
̫ҽЦЩʲô
̫ҽȴ
ʵ룬˶ԿǶôĺޣܹеĶضôŹ֡
ȻҲ
Ѿûа취ĻܾҪȥһҹˡ
˵Ҳûа취İ취ˡ
Ρ
û뵽ں̫ҽ֣ҪҩΪҩӣӵЧʱ
ĹŮü֮дŽװҲܹµǻʺߵˡ
ô
Ի
ʺ˵ҪҪ֣ϣȥһ˹
͵ĵ˵ͷĿ֮дη塣
ûô򵥡
˶
ȥһ˹ˡ
̫ҽҲԼĴ㣬±дһҩ
Ҳǿʱȡ
ϸĶһеҩģȻ˵
ݸˡҩЧһ㣬ղҲá
׾ٵذԽ֮Լȹϲڵĳ
֮˹ȥ
Ůǰ·ſѾͦˣԼŻʼ
һε˻ʹһ֮ǰã
ʲô飬ҪµذлˣҿŮ˸ɫģ
ܾ⡣
Ǻĺ֮ǰƬ̡
ʺͦһӣĿ˸˸ġ
ʺﲻ𣿡
⸱ģ̾ˡ
˵Ҳ֣ӦԼŵù̫ҽȰԼҹܾ￴̫Ծ
ʺǣ
ʺ˻֣֮ǰձ޿κΣĿǳǳػһ
󶼱̾Ϣ
ﱾýӹͷ̫
̿κεԵˣ˰ԽüͷԽ
Ȼ⸱ģĽһ
õԤԽԽ
¡
ֱ̼š
мôҪ


330 ʺ̥

ô࣬߸ɲ
ǳǳضһԵЩΡ
Ļ
ĥҪܹ˵þһЩ
ʺ¡
ʺԵЩͷвԤУΪ⻰Խ̣ôôǸζ
Ͻ˵
ʺڵܲƽȣе̥Ի⣬ңĶѾˣֻ̥飬¾⼸ˡ
Ҳ֣ҩİæ壬⻹ûйء
ô˴㣬Ѿ֮Ķһһ뵽̥֮С
ʺһĲš
˵ĶǼٵģԲԣƭûʲô³
Խ˵Խ
εĶ
̫ҽҲܹóǻʺŵĻȥұ̫ҽһ̽ػĽʺڰ˳ɡ
֮ǰò׵˴ҩæӣôʲôƣɲܡ
ʺŭɼҡҡ׹ظԼе̥ϣܹô˷¡
һ㷨Ӷû𡣡
һĻ̫ҽܹƽֱ˵ģֻڿûʲôõķˣ֪ʺô㡣
ھǻ٢ȲѾΪ˶֣ûκεƽ֮
һ޿κΡ
ʺò׵ץסߵϣеϣȫȨĴƣﲻζ
һ취û𣿡
ȥ֮ǰ߸ϵ¶ԼеĻںޡ
ҲԸѾˡ
ֻǸָһ
ʺҪ취Ļȵץסʹ˴㣬ÿʳõܴ󣬿¾ʳס֮ڡ
˵ţʺҲץסԼߵϣĵѯ
ǻбķ𣿡
Ȼеġ̳͵ĵ˵ͷ
ץסʵ̥֮󣬰˵ÿոӦܻᷢģûмʱϱ˵ܹ˳ϣץסס
Ψһķˣ廹ϵˣȵҵĻףȻ
һõĽ֡
ʺε̾һ˶ƣ˲١
Ѿ˶ۣԵΡ
һûʲôˣøϽȥýҩء
ʹôʹ޵Ϊʺڵ
ͳ˻ʹ֮˼鷿
ƽͻĽףЩ棬ǿ϶ѯʡ
Ͼ溦è
쳺ڻʹſڵȴ
Ҳȷ쳺ڵȴģܹĿ֮͸¶ã
ӣ
ѯʡ
ҵ㣬ǵ˺þá
쳺ҲıˣҲ⣬᲻Ϊ£ֻĿݲȡ
£
ĸ鲻̫ãʲô𣿡
̶
Ҳûʲô飬ֻΪʺˣȽϴҲ飬ʵİ̶ٻ˵˵
һĻܹӿĺٵ
̶Դ˺ȷţֻɻ
쳺ôͻȻԻʺˣ
˳
ɫˣɩջȥɡ
쳺ĿǡôͶݳᡣ͵ĵ˵ͷҲû϶
Ҳá
Ĵš
̤ȥ
ȴһӡ
ɻѯʳ򣬳ȴҡҡͷʵ¶Ŀ⡣
Ҳ֪˭
Ҳң׾پͰӴ򿪣һʲôҩĻɾ鷳ˡ
Իǵȫĵطűš
ͨĻױϻûʲô
뿴⸱ģЦЦ֪ʲôͳ͸Ķϴݳ
̶
ЩεİѺͶݸһһʮģڵľȸ߸
Ҳ֪ʲô¡
Դ˶ֻۣǧأһʱ֮䲻֪Ǻá
ȴӯӯһյ
֮˵ͽɡ
ֻ΢΢ѾһѾӨСľһΪ
ֱ
а취⿪
ӿͨĺûʲô⣬ոָ˻µܹ𶯡
ֻ
˻Լ󣬵⡣
û뵽ǣٰѺһΪ֮ӳҲһĺӷŽĹ


331  Ǹ󱦱

⡭ô£
һȵ룬˵ʵڻģδ뵽Ȼһ
ܹɼǵɫĽε˶۾
Сһ㡣
̵ֱ̧ۣ˳ȻСһ㣬ܹǵĹâںӵıԵŷ
Σһлع鵽ƽâѾʧ
Ŵ۾һѯʵôûôأ
ʵǻɵ˼㡣
˵˵ôôɺϵ飬Īһ̶ϣ˵ڹ͢䱸ɭϵĵطˡ
鶼¶һɹζ
밲жȵ̧üͷذο˵̶ϹˣһĻվһֱ߱㣬飬͹ˡ
ģǵ֮ϡ̲òϣĹģԶǡôԶƢ
ԣһжš
ס̵ֱۣͬģҲǻŤȥ
˻һֻܰ㷭
ȵ̵ƽ̲ŰһϤЦݡ
Ǿûʲôү
벻ԣܹĲӵβ沶׽ϲ
гϲ⣬һ˵ɵĽ
̶¡
ЩʲôѾ޹ؽҪɣֻҪԸ⣬ʲôġ
Ѿɢˡüͷ֮ǰȣһĨ򶨡
ܿܿ׹صɫĺ棬ʸơ
һ󱦱
Сi²۳⧲
ʵǲ֪Щʲô
ϵͳ̽⣬ȻǷڲͬģɲǼ򵥵ĽʮԵļҪĻܹҵһõĶʦܹ൱õĹߡ
Щ̫Щǵ΢ЦýӲ
пһۣ뻹ģĹ۲һеĽԣ΢һ
ѯʵ̲ݻһĿڲɢĶĹ⻪Ĳš
˵һжģСi㲻ôûгϵͳ˰ɣĿѧôм
ֱϸϸȥˣǿɼġ
ңüĻȫ
Сiֱ׳ɵôŽ
һ㣬ܾ֪ˣַĽĽȸ˸Ķ
Сiੲݵ˵˺ܶࡣ
ΪĵϵΪѵһ䱦
ϸϸţܹСi֮еĿ
ѵҲܺ𣿡
СiһĽ˵
ɲʲô治ܹ飬ȻСiҲ֪ⶫ˭͸ģⶫ԰һģܹյĻǾ͸ˡ
һ
̶ûȻҪЩ
һϵͳѵҲҪ𣿡
֮ǰδŵġ
Сi˷ܣö˵ܹܵжôĿ
֪ĶȣȻ˼еĶЩϵͳԣںĽṹȶӵĻǶԣϵͳļܹﵽߣĻҾͿĲƷˡ
Ȼ
Ļǡ
ⲻ൱Ǳ
뻹һԣĿ⼫ĴôãҲûпһȻ
ⶫԣʵ̫һЩ
ϸضһеļ
İϵͳ˵ĻðⶫСiյá
ıߣҲϸһ
үǿһȻأ̶ľⶫͬѰǺûʲôá
ûзõļֻһͭѣҲûʲô˻й⡣
ԼĻֳָһŪŰɫĽƬӳԡ
̶Ҳûп﾿ʲôԾ𣿡
СiеܣԲܹκˣڳһµӡ
Ȼһ֮ĸ鲻ӦᣬҲӦĻԡ
ҰôƱ
Ĵסֱۡ
ⶫʲô;̶飬֪˾˭ȻⶫҵϣҲʧӡ


332 

ûдһȻڽ䱸ɭϵĹ֮С
ûκ˿ǺԺֶΰƽƽĺӷ֮С
Գ̵Ŀʡ
ɳҵ׶ףǸʵصˣҲûйģʲô⣬ⷴӵԺˡ
ֻܹһ䡣Ȱһн˱ȥ̽̽
Ҳûʲôš
ֻʱʱ޹
ԾŪӲӵĺӡ
Ӹ˵ãֻҪľͺá
СiʮֵС
ҸϽˣֻҪ˵ĻҾܹ
Сi֮ǰȸӵ˷ܣþöûչ¶˵ģ
̲ɫİȻԴ˻ЩڴʱյĻƾտյôҪĺӡ
ܾ⡣
Ȼỳ˵ĻҲԼܾá
鲻졣
Ļظ˵ʱҪżСiҪֱӵİⶫյĻһŮĻҵĻᱻ˷֡
СiòҪԻȻĻ͸鷳ˡ
ĵ²һȴûбֳ״
СiڳһίͰ͵ģҪһ
ǵ˺ʵĻĻٰЩͶݸҰɡ
СiȻԼǴѣҲֵػ
ûа취Ļ
ֻܹˡ
绹ڲ֪ƣĴţʺĹȴƽܹطɢһһһɲľķ㡣
ǣÿ˶ܹʺü֮ľᣬԱ߶ѷһһ·
·һء
ŮǶСһҩˮīɫҩˮͿĨЩ·֮ϣܹ
ЩʺüͷԽӵĺ
üͷһ壬ʺ̧ͷ
ǿűĹĺ£
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ҩˮ̫ҽԺ˹ģ˵ܹЧزĳɷֻ֣ҪҩˮͿĨڶУûɷ־ûʲô⣬ĻҵķӦ
ڼĽÿ˶ú
ʺÿһ·֮ϣͿĨҩˮ֮󶼻ᷢҵ֮Щķװ涼ɫɫ
ΣΪһ֤ĺ
ʺٰܹڳһƵӣһ뵽ͦһӡ
ԭȺ֮ǰȸԵùڽ
ҪȺʲôãЩʲô飿
ǳǳЦЦ˶ܹܵЦ֮е塣
ԼΣգѾһ仰˵
ûʲôܹӵù𣿾Ȼ̫ҽǶﶼĶҩЩ˶ϳȥնˡ
⻰һеɫһ䣬һԲ
Ϣúҵġ
Ϣʱ򣬱յĳŸ㣬ɵķеĲ豭Ȼѯˡ
ģʺȻôֱʣǱʥ֪˵Ļ»á
޿κεĳЩĳ֯һ͵ıӡ
ȴӵء
Ѿ鴫ˣҲûйĸ󡣡
ͬɽµĴˮ
ȴץסص㣬ǼŵڵȴñӵΡ
֮ȻŲٵڴȻ
ĻҾе˼ˣֻͰ˵㡣
ԴĻһأϸһܹ֮תĿ⡣
Խܹ˼ţɵĴã
̶ǲΪ˼үڵ࣬·Ϊ顭
ס֡
ĲΪ£Ϊô򵥡
ԽߣԽǾõĻʺڷ˴ƢֻΪסе̥Ѿǻʹеһ׮Цˡ
Ǹֵǣϵڻûж˵һ֣˻ʺʹͺ鵤ҩΪ
̫ҽԺЩ̫ҽǺҲ
һӿȵƽܷܷûʲô⣬һжûѣ˾ûǲܹ
һ߾Ǵ˲ţ̫ҽǶӿ뵽˻ʺ޹֮Уɲͬգʺ֮в֮ˡ
Щ˶ӣѡĸԵȲҡ
·ڸǡ
ʺӵһеٻӶһ޶ĳ谮
֪ӹȵĳ谮㲻ɱ
̵ҡҡͷܾûô򵥡
Ļϵ̬ʵ̫΢


333 ²ߣ

Զ֪ƣشšֵһůʱ򣬷粻Ӳոպ¶ǡôƢ
ʱûôˡ
ƽʱӡɳеķ磬úõϢһ
Ҳææȴӹֵȥһƽ
ܷܷĲ״ڻûкá
Ҳ⡣
̫ҽƵҩûзҩЧĻ߶ʮһôܷܷȥһҹ¡
Ȼ̫ðգ⻹ǱȽϿ׵뷨
ԶԶԺӵܹᵽһŨĲҩζԴɬ
̫ҽһɫĹӡ
װ˳ҩ࣬ںڵһҲһʲôȻˡ
ֻ̫ҽĿԴͰ˹ѵõĴ̽
ѯʵǺͻʺйء
ȥһ˻ʹҽ˵ĸ߳˵ǻʺʹһйжɡ
ߵĿ֮У̽ĳѯǡô
⵹㲻ʲô顣ȴԸ϶
̫ҽʲô˼̫
̫ҽӦøȱ֪ĵһ϶Ӧ̫ҽԺǱߵģ˵Ļ̫ҽԺˣӦòʲôɡ
̫ҽ޿κεҡҡͷǰһ渵ˡ
ԭ̫ҽԺֳ˲ͬϵʺƫ̫ҽԺǣЩˣҲ֪ʺ֢״ʲôӡ
̫ҽǾûʺĲЩˣ
ǡôѯʡ
ˮĴ۾˸ĹâϸӿһøȤ
̫ҽһĨҩ࣬Ҳǲ֪ȥ˵Щʲô
˵Ȼ뷨
ûʲôϵνҽģǵ˲Ļʲô취
̷֮лį龰
ߵȴû϶ᣬǰĿصٶȵͶܷܷ
̫ҽƵҩҩ趼гЧںôṉ̀ԭܹסǳöĻҲʲô취
˵ĺ
̫ҽͬ
ƽĴӷ˳̲ݻһ޵ĺɫҩˣȥ䣬û˵κεĻ
Ҳܹܵ
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үļңʱһֱڴߴǡ
̫ҽҲԵ޿κΣûκεİ취
֮ͬдһ
ƽŮ˶֪飬ҲΪһݰ
̫ҽܹܵѹ
Ҳûа취飬ÿһаˣԸ⿴ԼϲˣӲԼߡ
ȴҪ䵽˼㡣
Ҳá
˳ƽ߽ȥҲһ˲˹ȥܹؿܷܷһ˵ݺ֮ǰȶ˲١
ûѣûо
һж˵
ƽȴǴŸмġ
ҪǵĻҶ֪Ӧôˡ
ƽĻ֮м
֮ǰ֮
̽סܷܷ˫֡
º֮ǰȻл͵ġ
СiѸٵĲʲôʱʲô쳣
Ҳܹܷܷʲôأ
̫ҽЩѯʵġ
ǾʲôԾˣ
̫ҽһŵĿţûڵĻܻ鲻ôòˡ
ûƽֱ֮еĻϣ
ϸıһ
罥Ĵܹܷܷպ֮ǰȱøӵı䡣
ڡ
ŸõĽͷ
Ҳòϡ
ܷܷڶûа취Ļҹ¿϶Ψһѡˡ
үûûа취ĻӦô졭
֮ǰȸӵ͡
ģܹŵ֮дŲġ
̫ҽüͷһ塣
ѵиõѡ񣿡
ƽסԼȭͷҲ֪Լȥ
ʵǷĲˣҲõѡ
̽ס֣˵ĺܼ򵥣˵Ǻ
˵ûиõѡ񣬶Ǵ̶߿ĻҲ鲻һҪ˵Ľչ
ڲòһ㣬ǵˮƽ
֮ǰҲѯʹйСiĽʽǵڶûҵһܺõĽ
Сiֻ˵ⶾʵ̫ˣǳ˼ϵͳĻа취ܹŲȱ
СiúѽĻ¡
޿κεĴͷƽ⸱ģһ
вõԤмĸ졣


334 

үҲҪ̫ţ̶Ҫ˵Ĳһ飬ֻүһַܹȻܷܷ
ѾԼ㹻ᡣ֮лࡣ
ƽԼţԼƽֻ֮лŸΡ
Щ˵򵥣ѣʥϸֶܹĻﻹܹæ
ڿǼȹϵת
⻹˭ܹæ
˵
ҹ£һܺõѡ񡣡
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ܹҵΨһѡ
ܷܷĲûκκתԭ̫ҽҲ֪ķʽܹȣƫƫһԽִˡ
жڶҪôļԲڿƼΧĹŴ˭ܹѪҺأ
Сiϵͳûеô߿Ƽĳ̶ȡ
Ρ
籧һϣҹ¡
ƽһȻŹҹ쵱ֵģôûô򵥡
ǡ
ƽʡ
Ǹһܾá
ĵ˵ͷ
Һʶģ⼸ûʲô취ܹ׵ĻһΣĻðյĻҲܷܷȥһԡ
ƽЩԥ
ܹܲñúõһ룬ҲܾᣬҲʵԸðա
˵ĺܼ򵥡
ȻҲܹ˽һŴİŮ֮ģ׾ٵĴӦĻǰеķնˡ
һ˵Ȼ̶Ҳϣүúõ˽һ鲻ͬйܷܷȫΣҳĶӦúú˼
崺һĻǡôĻƽľ᲻
ҲΪԵʡ
ƽЩƣĻ˻֣ʾҪúõһ롣
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֮ǰʱҲģԣ̫ҽĲּɵ
˵̫ҽǸģݸߣη壬ûܹܵԴмѡ
ڣҲܹ̫ҽһ⡣
ҹֻشҡҵá
̫ҽĲӡ
Ҳһš
׮£
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ûҪΪĻ
̫ҽ鶯ļĲӡ
и֮룬ϣܹæҪлĻϣܹ¡
̫ҽ˵ĺ
̵ͷ˵ˣҲס
лĻԵģǲ֪̫ҽҪæʲô
æһҩģ֮ǰҹҪһζҩģҲңںҽʱҵˣԣһֱ߶ţһֱûлᣬԡ
̫ҽŹ
̵ͷӳ֮
϶ܾ
ȴѾүſΣ⸱ģǸԹһ
ôү̶ʯˣ
͵ЦЦģɺ
ӣǿɰ˼㣬˵˵̶ôǱ˵ġ
˵ͷβֻһˡ
ڣɫĳĲӣǣƣ̡
񣬿˴ɡ
̶˸â
ôҵʲô
ԼգҲûзԼʲôⰡ


335 ì

ǲԵġ
̧ϸţĿ⵽
붼ܹĿץס
ʲô
ľǲȷġ˵𾪡
ܷܷϵĶػ۵ѾˣΣҹǱȥһ˵ģܹĻͺˡ
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߶֡
֮ǰȸζ
̶
̹Ŵǣ֣˽ǣ֣ʮĬġ
ʵ¹ӳ֮䣬Ǿͬ·һ
أĿ˴š
ֳԴ
ϲӣ͵ĲӣҴŮеĽ
ܺ
鲻Խ֮ڿڡ

̲Եգ۾
ү˵ʲôǡ
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˵ѵʵ̶ӣܺҲϲġ
̺ߣ̧١
һ
͵ظĶͷͷ
֪ģүһ˵徻˵ѵõشүҹ²Ψһܹܷܷķ
ͷ
ûа취ΨһķǱ֪ƽôͬġ
ңƽҲԥ
˵ֱӵ˼㡣
֪ģƽӦ˵ĻʥҲܾƽ⣬̫ҽѡƽ

˵ˣҡҡͷûа취ûа취Щ¡
֮ߡ̫ˡ
Ӧûеġ
ʹﵴǽ̻Ի͵Ĺâ
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ˮĿ⣬˾øӵĺ¡
ѵʺ󶼲֪Щʲôأ
赭д׳Լʡ
ʺЦúǿ
Ϊ֮ǰ乬֮
ʺ;Լĳ׵ˡ
ȴͬĿ⣬ҡҡͷ
á΢ĻһǾҲûʲôҪ
֪ʺֶһãǲҪǣЩ飬޶Ǽǵõġ
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ʺ󲻸ʾĻػУǾԲܽԼȨҲԲ̫á
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Ѿֵزʺ㻹ʲô˵⳥ѵ㻹òѾеΪȥ̥ᡣ
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ԵġĺѾˣҲˣ̫ҽѾҵĽ֣ⱲӶĿԡ
ֻĹâ̵۾
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˵ҲӦ֪ġΪ˱ʱ򣬻󹬵ʱ޾Բô׾ٵؾͰˡ
ʺ֮кᣬִĲԸᴹ
檴δԼʲôһжΪʹǻʹ֮ûκεĹغͷԲĻе˶ǵңЩ޹ĺӡ
ˣֶжôĲ̣ڿ˵ͲģôͲΪȥĺӣͬͶ
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ɵ
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ˡ
δδش
֮ɢĶǱˮ׹
ˣҲˡ


336 ֣

ͬɫֻ¹Ϊ⣬ҫ·ڸ߱Ҳˡ
ҹ°ɫһźɫֽŨīزʵд໰ܹԼء
Ȼ޷ԵĻβ
̡
ܹпºۼ
ˡ
ĬĬ߶ţĿϸš
˳·ߡҹµȷҵƽڵĵطȻںһ㡣
ںˣͷβʼա
Ӧһĳ˯
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𣿡
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һϰģһȷּһޣû뵽ŵķʽ硣
ԡ
ʱɿһֽ
ûидһţȻּҼһģһŲдġ
ֱǿˣ˭Ǹźӵģǰдŵģоڸṩȴġ
Įһ˳ɫʮַ
˴ͬɫ·ĻƲͬ¶Ҳһ
͵ģġºͣǽһ˵ĶˣǱĥ³
ҹµ˾ͬһ㣬ɫһĮ߲ʣɫǲƫеİÿһ˵ġ
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Σǵߵ˵м䣬ǵĻȱźܺá
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Ȼ֪˭ðҵּдһţҲҵ뷨
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̫ҽҲ˹

û뵽̳ƺ滹ӡ
˾ҹ¡
̫ҽĺһϸĶҹµףһںͼغϡȻͼǸԴ۵ı仯ǻܹغһġ

ҹĮܹѵüĨ顣
ǲǲ̫á
̫ҽֹԼȵؾ
ôˣ
ֱ׳˵ţ΢ĿΪñ˭
ȥˣһϵĻĻġ
ޱȿ϶


337 

ҹ³൱Ĵǣû˻
Դâɡ
˾Ϊ˾ƽ
̫ҽҪ֣Ҳ죬ǾԱȲҹܴĸ߳ľֶεģǺֻǳǳ̾һ
Ŀ֮ҲѵõĴ̽ϾҲһ̽ҹ¾Ҫҽܷܷ
ˡ
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ѡһЩҩģʲô״Ļúÿһ
ҹ˵һˮη壬ʱ֪ƣ룬׷ݡ
ҲѵõһεĿһһЧûа취Ļ֪ȥ˭ˡ
ܷܷײҲҵš
ϲκεѪɫɫҲһĨֺɫ
ʲô
Ƚ˵
֮ǰʱ򣬿ûзĴǱ˺ɫġ
ͬж֢״һĺɫѸٵĲһֲõԤУֱĴġ
ܹһԸļ򣬰ο̶ûµģҪˣӦþǺҩ֢֮״
ҹҲĵ˵ͷĴ꣬ơ
ƽִٲԼ֣һʱ䲻ֻ֪ܹĬĬı۾ϳһõĽ
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ܷܷܹžǺ¡
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ŸоԼöˡ
ҹʱһ
öزû뵽ĳ̶ȣȻطӦһЩǻиͷ
Լš
дЩҩƷΪҩӣһҩԡ7ܹȬ
㵽Ҳû̫Ĳһ䡣
ƽ䱦һؽӹһ屡ֽԼзţĵ˵ͷ
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ϽԸһԵѾѹЩҩġ
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˵˶ǴЦġ
ֵĶȴһ㣬գֱһӡӣ֡
۵İذصֱУ涵롣
ү̫СˣС׶Ҫԣ
Ǳ⸱ģġ
ǲȻأѵΪһ׾ͱϵ𣿡
һģҲġ̲ö˵ЩʲôֻվһŪ䡣
ҹĿ˼·ھǣҪ
̫ҽȴû뷨ֻЩĽҩϸϸ̽һݡ
ȷʵֿҪ۸ӣǼһéٿĸо
ҹдҩܷܷһͿҩĳ棬ֻҩá
ͬɾһ㡣
ڡܷܷ㱵˫ۣܵһȵϢ
֮˫ۡ

ոѵܷܷûʶԼڸЩʲô
Ϊˮ̫ˡ
ܷܷ͡һԵСѾߴǵЦݶ˼֣һɾ꺮ů
С㣬ûо岻ûʲôҪԸġ
ˮôˣ
ܷܷκģûʶԼôˣֹס˸磬žԼöˡ
ˮһһʮظ˵˺ö࣬鶼˵ĸһ뷨ġ
Ǿе㲻̫á
ĻûĻھûа취
ס˫֡ȻǵԼʲôȻж赹
ֻǳһЩѰĲȶѡ
һ³
ָܷܷˮվ˳ԸѾ߸¡
ҵҪ˭ֱ¡


338¿ݷ

ܷܷѵϢҲúܿ졣
΢΢һ
ҲΪ飬·˲ٵ̲Ʒܷܷ
Ҷڲ²ָܷܷܻεĳ̶ȣɾû뵽һ򵥵·ֱӵ޸
ͬգٶȹҲûܵ˵Ȱ衣
ǳǳĴ֮ǰȡܷܷӵ֮Ҳû̫Ѫɫ
ûоﲻģ
̹еѯʵһȵĲˮ֮дſС
ܷܷӹˮƵĳһ
ʵĹҪΪһ飬Ҳ˵ˣöûвκεüĿ

޷ƽʱ࣬ٶܹ֣֮ƽ֮ǰȶ˥ࡣ
ҲΪҵĸ׷ǣԽղŹѯʡû˿
̶뷨
ʵ֮ǰ¶Ѿйֵֻң㣬ҵҿ϶
ʫ֮ǰҲùƵַ¶
Ȼûֹ飬ǴҲǣ˵˵͵͵ġճʹõʳ˶֮󱻷־ηɱˡ
ЩϢ߸ģҲֻܹ֪Ĵš
ҶףҲֻܹṩһ˵
ܷܷĵ˵ͷ
ʫֶֶεĻС
һӵҲһ£ĴǹЦݣҲ뷨
ҪûĻѾڹŹεˡ
ļ뷨Ҳܼԡ
˭˭ĹϵɲҪ롣
ܷܷ˵գ̣ȴֹס
Ѽ仰˵ĲǼ٣ǲΪ뾡취ҪҵĻҲǾԲ뾿˭Һö⡣
ڴڼΪ˵ȻΪ֮ǰĻںޡ
Ϊ˱Լܲˣһ뵽ֶ֮˼ݰ
ôˣﲻ𣿴󲡳ıͲӦóȥģ⸱ģЩ¡
俴Ϊʲôԭˣ˿ȴԸڴ֮ͥ´˿ڡ
ĸȻְʰ쵵С˹ȥ
ҪҪȳһЩſɶԼģķ˲ٵʱء
һ˵ܷܷЩ̰Ե⣬СضһۺɫСӣһڡ
ŴӺ֮ǰ;󣬶Ҵһɲݮ
ʲô
ݸһЦ׼Ƴµʳûоζ
ܷܷһڽһڵĳţȷȸոպãԵ˺Ҹ
ֻԵЩɻ
ΪʲôһҪִЩأүôǮ
ǮļҲƣɲһҿϣԺᵽ֮󣬲˵ĸƷǵһ뵽ģԼ
˵һȡ
ҪΪģԶԼġ
ӿ֮䣬ҪģԼһ޶ꡣ
֪ģϲΪĶΪСΪ
ܷܷס֡
ģΪĺɡ
㽵Ŀ⴫̧ɫСӣһһͺܿɰ
ȥҲ˰ɣҲšܷܷĿ⴫ҲԼ뷨ŪŴķ˿
ʫȻԸŹҵĻҲ֪ôˣҲģʫóܽ
ܷܷ˵Ŀ϶ȻӿڴͳһƱ
ôǮ
סôƱһûж˵
ҲʫôĵӾȻҹ¶Ļ
磬âʣصģƮҡ
ãһҲǺ飬Ȼ˵Ļҷǲµġ
˵ļ򵥡ܷܷҲ֪϶Ҫķһ˼ȻĻôϡŹֵĶôоģ
ܷܷûнôɵС˼ԣҲֻմմ⣬ԣֻܹһ㣬Ǯ
޿κεͷ
̣Ůһˣ
ĬĬ̾һ
ö֮Ҳ׼ٿټӡ
ͬʱʺ󳹵ʧȥҲ׵׵ġ
ܶ˶֪£ɣʹִһ汾
˵ʺ󼵶ʺãҩΪԴͷ棬ֹһУҩ
ûϷֵ磬ȻͳΪˡ
ǣѾѻʺݺݵѵһ٣ڻʺλãʵ


339 

ƵүһƬá
ȵϢ΢ķ˲豭
³æĻӭȥŽż⣬洹ĳ
үˡ
æĳüĿȻסֱۣһ·
ɫĳϣһЦ
үÿ
ЦǺǵסֱۣץסᣬס֡
֣˵ĶҪСôһ㣬ҲΪС˻ᣬԺúõذ档
ϾҼ̶ķ
ã⻰˵ģ֪Կ䣬ڿ̵ˮƽߡ
ǣ˭ϲƯء뿴ЦױŨĨ˵ģıӡ
˵ȥչµĵˣôͲ߱أ
ʪ̣СȮģȫֵסħ
㡭
ɫǰίͰ͵ס֣˵ֿһ˵ֱ׳
Ųȥһ˫ʪأȻĻ϶ֵסģԣɫΪ
үѵЩ𣿡
˵˵̶ӦǺãε̾һĺ̶ʡģ뷨̫֣˲֪δ
˵ܶ˶̻ˣǶǽš
һ뵽غһŲǿɳ֮ء
ôүôͻȻЦˣое֡
΢΢һ㶣˵е΢ҲֱĵģҪΪԭ֪뾿ʲô
Ƕ㻢ѵ̶֪𣿡
Ҳ֪ε˵ʼô֪£
㲻֪á
豧Թ֪ģ̽һ˵ġ
һԸ˵ֻ赭дתһ⡣
үϳʱ۵ʺ𣿡
̽ѯʣ˵İԼԼĻͬʱŷƽӵĳ
ое䡣
˳ȻذԼ£˺ܶů⣬Ȼ°ͣ˵
Ȼеģʽ쵱ŭΪʺһҵΪʺ飬¿϶ûлˡ
ǿɲһţԼ֣һرȽ˵˵Ƕϲɰ˼ģԣ鸴ȼҲʲô⡣ӷүҲܹ֪ΪʲôʺԻ˰ɡ
˵ĺֱӡ
һࡣεĸʶļ
̶ڰʾʲô
ûУĺܳһη塣
ҿǾ£үɲҪΪںɳӰ
˵ֱ׳˵ıʡ
̶ʲô˼ñ᲻֪𣿼Ȼʵϣ̶ҪʲôҪ˵ЩʲôҶԣҲܾġ
̵ͷ֮һǣİԵǶ̫һϧ
Ͷ¿һһ
Ǹᡣ
ܽ˵
Ȼ̫Ҳץסᡣ
ʺ޿ȻҲ˵˻ѾԸ˲£ɣʮа˾ţǸڵĽ
ԣʺ˵ûˡ
ʹĻ̣Ѿǹ̡ΨһģĹǽ˳Ʈݣÿ䡣
ӳ˵Ц
ţǣֻ뵽룬Ż΢ķ
̫ãռĵطҲǰһǹȥЩûʵġ԰
԰ɫĻ׺ţбĻֱ֦ͦͦġ
֪ҲҪ˵ʲô
̫ϣ߲ʡ
̶֪
֪̫ͼʲôֻܹ˶Σȵ̫ĺġ
̶ѾͷôÿζİÿζڵŰҵģⰧҵ˼ȻǺ£ǣðһ𣿡
΢΢һ㶣̫˵ô࣬ѵڰʾ
̶̶֪ҲΪС̫ĺ顣
˵ĺܳϿңʲô⡣
̫ԵΡ
СѾͷֻЩ㵹ǲһ
̫˼ʵ
̶˵Ȼǲ̫Ϊôһ飬̶ң̫ҲǺ̶ദôõʱ䣬϶ҲǶ̶뷨ģȻĻ̶̫϶̬ȡ
һסֵ̫֣ӣԶԶȥʵǲһźֶŮһԽá
㵹Ƕá
̫ȰЦЦ


340 ɴ

ҲӦ֪ġ
̫˵ļ򵥣εδĴĹâ׺ڻ档
һ֧һ֧׺УǵĹâ滹ֻɫ
ͬˮһš
̫¡
ֹҲ˹һϼɫĹȹԵ˶ĶšŲƶһ̣Щذ߶ƿˡ
ô
ȷʣȴ¡ڹĿɽ̫󣬸ûµģ
̶Ѿͷôˣ̫ö˵ӭ㵹ǻ˵ҿ㵽ǲʱ˵ķ֣
ֹп졣֪̫ôء
û˼
Ͻ߷߲ƽȴȫұ¶
̿Ҫ
û˼Ҳ˵˵ģʱ䲻ƽֹûʲôϵ
̫ѯʣǣл
̶亹ֱð֮ǰΪ̫ûʲôģڿ̫ˡ
ԩ飬һ֪
˵԰ӣˣĹͻģֹû뵽Լǻû͵ʲôһϵе⡣
ᡣ
ѵǣ
̫λϣ΢Цţǻȸոպãǣòϣֹ̫Уʲôǡ
ԣֹֻܹعš
̵еΣ֪ģֹѶԼĵⶼˡ
֮ǰҲ˻ϵʥּ˵ֻǻʺһ˵ġ
˼У̫ھ̽̽ǵʵġ
ӰбȻη塣
ɣֹ˼ǧǧˣû˿Զġ
ԣ޵ֶΣʹõҲܶ࣬ص㲻Ƕԣܹлʲô
ֹǿס̫߱ز̫ĵشһ˼
̫ģعѯʵôˣ
ҶǷ곡Ϸ˭˭߹
ԣ̫΢ɲĴһǡôվһ߸Ħ
̶ԼĥİĦַѨܺã࣬һң̶Ҳ˵˵ģЩѨĵķʽƵĻ١
Цˡ̫ҲЦˡ
ӵТҾˣиĵѾͷðڱ˵طѵõ顣
̫˵Уȴ롣
˼תǧأȻҲܹµһЩ˵֮ǰ£š
ʺӣڣ·Ӧ֤ݿ϶ᴫݸ󹬵ĸλ
ԣ˶뷨
ԩİ
ֹæ˼ͷ½̫ͽϴȫһֹﴧĦһ
̫⣬ǡ˱ͱֹһתǣͱ̫׽ȥ
¡Щ﷣˵ĸװס
ҲǴҲ֪ڲ˵ʱֻĬĬͷĦ˵ʲô¶ȻĻȫֵס
̫Ŀ̫ˣʱ޷ܡ
ĬĬرԹţĶº͵ģۼ
ôˣ
̫һĨЦݣֹʵŲ豭Ķûκα仯
ƽȣˮڿ֮ƮһĨߡ
ֹҶ˵
°ֹҿǵ˼˵ҲǺЦʱʲôûʣôһؿʼأ
ʵġֻɫ䣬üĿݡ
̫󡭡
̫ȴ̧üͷ֣ԸһߵѾ߰һͤͤӣ͸
ӣӢͷף֦ҵӣҲܶ࣬һȦһȦΧš
ÿ𣿡
⡣
̫󲻿ֹܶôã⣬⡣
ֹ亹֪̫󾿾ʲô˼ǻˣϽվЦ
л̫䡣
˭Ҫվģ
̫Цһ󣬼ƷζǡôĲˮ̰ĦҲܺá
ı۾ȴ˵ȥ
ֹһ㶣ǧƢҲֻܹܹǿԼ侲
ǡ
Ȼһίسȹڣֹ֮Ķؾأ߹ȥ
Ȼ֪̫ʲôĵطǣȨֹûа취ֻܹ

ֻ̫ò⣬΢Ц̵֣ʾͣĦĶ

ǰڣ̾Լ⣬̫뷨ڣôҲһˣ
̫Ҫˡ
̶Ѿͷһշִ磬ԣֹ͹̶ѾͷΪֹɡ
̫˼


341 ̫ģ

һΣ̸ܵʵࡣ
̫󣬼ְֱָʾһʲôھ̬ͱ졣
һţ̫ôֹôƽϣǰǰ鶼
̫󶼲ĵһĿ꣬һҪĶ󶼻̡
ǡ̫󣬳檻һҪ˵£̫Ҳȥ
ֹüͷڣĽʽҲˡ
ԣ΢Ц˵̫Ҫ𣿡
û뵽ﶼԵ䵭
ֹγԣҲӦ֪ģﳯ͢ʲô﷣ã
ЦЦ
̫ͷһۣƺΪ仰ᡣ۾۵ĹâԶ׼
ʲô
ֱֹ̧ͷ΢ЦĻȲ̫ԣǣòϣڵĹҶȡ
£
̷һ䣺ʲô̶Ӱб̶¡
̫۵ĹâεΣǲòϣĮһԲ
ֻǺһ裬˴˵ҵš
νһֹֹҲһ
ĿԴΡ
檲£˵ֻҪһ֪̫̣ǣ֮ǰʺУ飬Υ˹Ĺء
΢΢һ㶣֪ùĹѹˡ
ְ֪صĵ̫󡭡
£
̫һ䣬̲
ڤڤһЦޱȡ
ġ
̲ɷϣ̫ˣôܹ¡
̫
ţָ̫׵˵̵ĶͷúԶûл̵Ķͷ
ĿѪҺζ̴ҳ֪ģһٺһ̫϶Ҫˡ
£̶ȷˣԣ̶ϣҲԼˣʺ󵱳УͬΪŮˣ̶ܹ⡣
ᣬŵ̬ԣ̫ͷĹԺǳ裬·ɣ԰Ȼ⾧
㣬̶˵ĺܶ࣬ŮֺαΪŮأ
̫˻֮С
ֹüͷˣȥĻ̫϶;С˵ǶԵˣ
ģ
ػ׼̵档
Լ򲻴
ɣòϡ
˽Ļû취ȥˡ
̫˵̵Ķͷ
Ѿͷʲô԰֪ġ۶࣬Ҳ̫·ʲô飬΢ɲ̾һ
ƺЭ
ҲһΣ̫ɶˣԣһ
̫˵Ķԣ̶һ㣬ʺﵱʱ˵еģ˶ݡ
΢ЦǡôΡ
ӣ׷ףֹȴͻȥûз֮ˡ
òװѻʺˣǡ
һһεŮ⶯ˣ
⻨ÿѽ
楷ƽ촩һɫһͼĳȹȹžµĻߣ˿һȦһȦ
ڵĳ㶡
̫ʥƽ
楷һ񣬾ߵ̵ߣһЦ
þöûпɩˣҲǹ԰ӣ԰ﲻӣúܺãҲأǸһʱҲӣ򻨿͡
˵˺ܶࡣ
֣ĬĬҡҡͷʾʱҪ
ֹ⶯ֱģ˵˵楷ƺԸôڡ
ȫô°
ֹ楷ȴ֪Щ̫ȴ˵û£󹬱ͰһЩ楷Ű˵˵Ҳá
楷ƿԸ⾭ȥһ̫޹
ڣʺ󴦾ѣ楷֪Լףǣֻһһˡ
̿ĳʹûж˵Ͼˣȥ
ֹĴ֮Ϊεģ֪Ǻáͬʱֻܹһ˹
楷ƺһ㣬϶ѯʣҲ飬ֻе̧ǳЦ
ʼһˣܹþá
ʲô°
楷ƺҧ䣬΢΢һЦѯʵ
͡
̱뺬һ˵ģ̫Ӻҧػ϶̫̫档
ֹ飬ҾͷúõķʡԼ
ͬʱҲ̫ʾ
Ǻ󹬣ڻʺý㣬վӣҲúúõһ
ʲôȷģе˲ףֹΪ֮һס


342 Դ׵ĳ

ԭˡ
楷˼ظ̾һû侮ʯҲûж˵
ֻǱӹ֮
֮ǰ˵Ѿͷǻ˳۵ģôڣǿϵ
̫楷Ƶӽ裬֪ջ˳ۣڿˡ
ţ
һϸػظ˵²ˣ֮ǰȷ͹϶
һܱȶһ˺á
ֹЦһ
楷ƽ̫ܵĿ⣬ҲЦЦ
ȷΪһС£楷ƶԻɩӡǺܺá楷ί˵̾һڰѻ˵ˣ֪ԭɩһˡ
ԼĿ佱
̫˼صͷ»һ裬硣
Ļе˼
楷Ʋ֪̫⣬֪롣̽ܵȵĿ⣬֪ôһˣΡ
楷ƶ˵ĵãȥ̫϶Ҫᡣ
ȥ飬ȷ楷òԣ楷Ƿˣԣ楷ˡ
楷˵Уǳǳ̧ͷֱ̫Ŀ⣬һ仰˵ûκε
ڵĿգ
̫˻䡣
Ѿͷϲ⼸죬͸Űסɡ
̫˵ԺĿϡ
Щ飬Ҳţ˶̶Ѿͷ
ֹŰɣȰʲôʱˣҾߡ
ֹüͷһ壬û뵽չ
ֻܹšʯ̾͵·̫䣬ԣţһԲ
ֹͷ̫˵һ֡
ûȥᡣ̫ľ棬̫Ȱⶼ˵ϣڲ֪ȥ˵ʲô
ϣ¹⡣
쳺һµȴţƺڵȴŹˣĿⶼš
һ䣬쳺Ūŵӣ¹ӳ֮£Ĺ⻪ġ
ͬɫһ
΢Цţ˵ֻĿдųݡ
쳺

ǲ𣿡
쳺ͷ
˼ǧǧ
˼֮񡣷ɰ⣬ĺˡμ⣬ڶǽٴ⣬дԳ
˵ţĿ⴫ĹâĹʣǶ̴ݹİɡ
쳺ͻȻҿ϶Լ뷨
ʱ⣬ο塣Ը⣬Яཫ춷⣬ʹ
̵ס쳺֣ĿһܹĹİ
Ұ㣬쳺Ҫ뿪ҺòãҪٰòá
ˣ޴룬֪Ǻˡ
ޡ
쳺ĸգǣ
Σ
쳺ѹһ亹ǣ̫ʵˡ
¹࣬ˮˡգӨӨǻ
ԣ쳺һʱ
Σ̫ˣ¶й˼ʱ쳺ĺܿ졣
̡̡
һһ飬ǾԲ֪İ
ǣ۾涵ģֵ
ڵҶԲԣ쳺ﷴԼٸһλᡣ
¼ʱУѾ졣
ҹһˣһƣ֡Į浴ŷˡ
˵İȡ
̾Ӧ߰ɡ
εЦЦһĨɫӰϣͬģһ粢ż磬档
ҹ£ɲӦ״̬ӦǿŲĮޱȵ
Ļﶼһ٣ı
Ӧߵģţʲôأ
ҹµ޺ЦЦ
ţʲôã⻰ĵģ֪̲ϣӵġ
ҹ˵ֱ׳ηĴͷûйͻȻòֵá
УһԼͲĻҲ⡣
һЦݡ
̶ô룬ұҿ̶ķ
ǣʲô飬ҪģҲҪǡ
ҹȻ֪˭̵ıʼдţǿһɲǣͿӱ޹ˡ
ϲ̵ģԣη壬ԣǧ
뿴ó뷨ЦЦ
ǣķ
ԺͲˡ
ҹҲԸˣӦƽģǣһĶУҸȼ
ҹ¹Ŵǡ
ܷܷĶͽⲻˣԣҪңҪ㣬һ㣬ҪҶ˵ʲô
ҹֱ׳º𨣬ͬޡ


343 ໥ЭĽ

ǡ
ñںһˣ
͸̫ˣԼӦõ⡣
һšҹЦЦĮ飬ͬɫʣ֪ģǾҵġ
ҡҡָҲҲѵҹͲ⾿ʲôΪŻᴫ㣬̶ּģ
ʺ͡
ҡ㲻ز⡣ҹŪ֮ǰչ¶ţչֳĶ̵ּϲѡ
Ǿʲô𣿡
̧ŨŨľ棬Ĳݸҹ¡ҹںЩ
ҹҲ
м뷨Ҳܼ򵥣ţҲĿԡ
絭ɫĹԵ컷⡣
á
Ҳá
־ͬϵĴһ޺á֪ҹ¾Щʲô
һʺϵѡ񡣡
ҹø
Ҫ鵽Ļףҿûʲôã쵱үңֻΪ̵ԵʣԲŻ
ҹЩطһۣӦĴһ롣
£Ҳûʲô̸ġ
νбġ
峿
ƶƮƮ
۾΢ɲ̾һ
ǡôظһˮȵĺոպãˮµεδ𣬳衣
̶ǲû˯ã
ޱȣǼٵġ̴Ŀͱ˲һ
ˮӯӯĿ۵Ĺ⻪ױȡ
ȷЩĵ˵ͷû̧ͷ룬ִһ仰ûж˵
̶ֲ㡣̿
Ķᣬ̵ĳŪһȦһȦķ٣˼仨
ĻǾޱۺɫģĺɫ嵴
붯Сǰķͷ­ԵشһһĻ
ÿ
ĥߺˡ
˵޹²ĹЧϾ͵Ϻòã
ϸϸظԼüëһȦȦɫüԶɽ
ãүġ
ȻûʲôʣЩľͺˣģҲҪˡ
ᣬޣƻ
̶Ĺ滮
ѯףɫĶڶϣ󣬲ѯһ
ûС
ֹ
һͷִͷҹ˲ٵţֶĳ
ЩǱ¸ҵġʲô
ԵЩ̧ͷתͷ
ܾ뿪̫ͻȻܾ̫ͻأˣѵģ
͵ӣҲûϸ롣
ѵ̶ڹ
ΪҹĲôܷܷһܷܷһֱ˵ϣܹҸ취Ҹʱ򣬵ʱžۡлľĶ顣
ܷܷǰеⶼݽˣڶ֪ô
ɵôűԹ
ֻĵһۣͬˮһš
ʵߵ̫ͻȻˣĶ鶼ûнĻҵ֪ô졣
ҹҲҴңȥҲҴҡ
̫ͻȻ֪ʧ⣬ȥ
ȷʵװ⣬ҲϷ߸ֱ͵ĸļ򣬷
ģЩҶúõĴġңЩҪ̶
͵Ĳӡ
֮еǳǳĹ⻪·ںҲܲ˵Լĳ
еĺĶ
˵
̻ûʶʲô飬ֻܹܵһľǣԼĶͷ

￩һȻĻûиܵʲôܹԼ뿪
ӰѾ뿪
ܹЩƺ̵ɫ뿪Ȼܹʵ׺ߣүûзκα仯
ڿүĽСϸڣ಻֪ı仯
˵֮ǰѾʧˣǽѻĶɫ̺ʻǸ¶Ųͬɫ
ЩΪġ
ЦЦ
֪Щ̶ϲ𣿡
ЩɻԴϸĿһ飬ȻѾ˷츲صı仯֮ǰϡǵѻһһĻܡ
ڻѾʧˣټɢвҩϢ


344 ϲ

֪Щ̶ǻϲ
֮вɵôŵɫĿס֡
ϸĿһ顣
ЩҩвҩĵطȽϵĻƷʻøӵĺá
ҡ
̲Ծĸ̾˵һ䣺ЩвҩطвҩȣζӵŨƷҲӵĺá
֡
̶֪ϲЩЩһֱоЩвҩһֱѰңҲǻ˺ôһ򣬲ܹЩĲҩѰҳ
鲻Խס˫֣˷ܵص˵ͷ
ӳĴдеĲҩĸïʢ֥ͨݣľĹ֮ҲøӸ߰
һЩΪѵõ֮ĻݲݾļطԵš
Ƶĵطӵһɡ
Ҳǻ˺ôһݹ򡣡
赭д˵ˡ
лү̽ס˫֡
ֻҪ㿪ľͺá
ܹܰҸЦݣЦе׺С
ɲϡҹµͻȻָٵѹѹɽֻ˺ܶܶС˼ɡ
˵ƺֻ̣̺޸
ʫϢƽŪһŷۺɫֽš
ֽд֡
̡
ǲɵļ¼üĿΪʶøӵĳª
ʫסһֽ
á̡ʫĬ˴ʮӵʱ䣬ֽĶȫȻĿ֮󣬲ǻ㱼̧ͷˡ
̱ĸ󻼡
ѵԼһĶû𣿡
ȻеҲս޲ʤ
˵ĴǴڱصõ΢ЦȻְһŷۺɫֽŸ˹õƻȼա
ȼմֻг
ʫһŵĶԵЩᡣ
ôܹҵҵߣ¼ÿʲôļء
Щ߿˺ôܹŪġ
̡ǾԲô򵥾Ͷȹӡ
ΪʲôܹôҸĻȥƾʲôܹô飿ƾʲô̫Ϊôϲ
ʫ䲻̸ͬ⣬ӨӨΧȻܹĵĹâ֮С
ЦЦӲԸ˵κεһ仰ֻǰѸոȼĳѻһɨա
Щ鶼ȥˣ𣿡
ӵĻ赭дʫ;ԼָѾĻԼģЩӿѪ侲
֪򲻴
ʫҧгݡ
ôܹ׾ٵĺЩôܹ֮ǰһһҫӡ
Ҫ˳
޷֣ܿҲ޷Ӱ
һģֻҪ˵ķȥĻȻܹڵ̵ľ֮ϻӯġ
٩٩̸ӣ˵ż档
ʫ̿ĵ˵ͷһĨЦݡ
Ȼ˵Ļͷʱ˱ϵĽҲǶԵģȻʱȲ̳ĵ̣ģҲһ⡣
ֵ֮
ܷܷ󲡳֮ɫԲ԰׼֣Ϊԭҵ˽ڣҪźúóȥһ档
Ҳʱ䶼ûпԼˣÿԳʱоһӵӪҵ֢ҩ
ҲʱѸٵĺȡʱܹϳĴ󲿷г
ǵȻˣûĻҶ֪ô졣
ܷܷ޿κεİ˰֣ȿʼ֪ҹ뿪ϢɵЩɥ
ǡҹ»ǵĸһţװ׵ļһЩҪע
Ļϲ״
̫ˣ
ܷܷдʵ˵֮ǰھһЩ飬ܾҹΪдܡԹڿǷŵ
֮ǰĴʯͷڷˣҲ֮ǰˡ
ͷС̯СĽС
ܷܷ˼
Ŀչ¶Цݵģ̧ͷϸĶ
˺ˣ֮ǰҵЩӰƬҲ˼ӣȻûннһľװޣǴϵԭϰʲô֮ģȫͳġ
ĸһ顣
ָܷܷͷ㡣
㣬㻹Ǿϸˣ޸ɲʲôǮҪӪҵʽʲôȱĻܸҾͺá
ܷܷЦȻԼš
һɲڻ¡
̾û뵽ô˺ţ޿κεĹ˴ǣֱӵ˹ȥ


345 Ա

ѡǺмԵģں̿չСҪں
ŮΪ֪ݡ
̵Ȼһ㣬ԣȽǵܹĿڣȻܹĻױƷ
û뵽ǵĵ̵棬һͼԼĵ̣д֬ױ֡
ҵ̶е˼ѵ˵ҵĄ̊́
ܷܷһš
һΪҵĵѾ￪쵱ģû˸ҺҶƽˣڿˣĻһЩ˼ء
һ仰˵ĺãܡ
̵ڿ֣ҪһƬŵĻԵûʲôгò˺
¶һĨɵЦݡ
ԽܵѾûʲôȤ뿴ĵ̵Ķ濴ĵ̣
ܷܷһۣĺ棬ⲽ˽ȥ
ӳһһĹ̨ҹ̨ŲͬһСƿӣСĻƣľ¡
ÿɰ
ܷܷ֪ĸ̾һȻ־Լ̾Ĳ̫ӡ
̾ϸĿţҪӡͻĸ̾ǲǲ̫ðĬĬţȻסԼ͡
ȻǷ⸱ģҡҡͷԵǲΪ⡣
Щ
Ŀбӣĵƹⶼܺãܹ㣬ĴÿһװƷ档
˵װƷ˵ǻױƷ
һеͬ
ܷܷ֮ǰûпôϡŹֵĻױƷӡ
Щ΢ЩɬЩʣܲϣЩױƷܺÿ
û֪ԼĲܹһҵ̵ĻҲ֣ҲԼﲻ̫
˵ĺᣬ͡
Ĳûʲô⣬ֻǵ󣬸ոս̸һѵصѾҲŵĲ˹
ͳһ·
һЩ˼ȡ䳤
ҵ̺Խ֮ǰ̵ķʽ
ܷܷ֮֮÷˲ԾССĶ䡣
е㲻ԡ
Ȼ֮ԼĺףһԵѾǻûпǾĵ̵ĵǵЦǡô
֪λСչν£ʲôҪһ𣿻˵֮ǰɷһΣ
ͷѾѾȵķʣոպá
֪ʲôֵƼ
ǰڳһηģǸͨĹ˿֮ͣлǡôشżĨ档
ܷܷԵЩ˼ס֡
һ仰˵
ѾҲ⣬ֻǳ¶һĨ΢Ц֮
ΪǻؽһĶһϵкһϵеġ
ɫĺÿ
ϸϸĴһ
ܷܷҲԵЩΣ֪ô
ūĺҪǲĻλһݡ
ܷܷΪ˻ʱ佱ĺֻͦġ
ĺһЦ֮ùһϵеĻױƷεǵߡ
һһĵ˵ͷõĻһ׷ģҶҪһϵеġ
֪֪ϵеĻױƷûʲôãǰһƾһ׻ױƷ˳
һƳȥĻܹʮƿ
ܷܷɵø̾һôһϵеĻױƷѵĻ
ûʶԼѾĳˡ
ĺֱ׳˵ȻģһϵеĶʮõģ߻вٵĻͷء
һͬõ廨һƿӣֻܹõ廨ĻһССͰͷѹܹ֮һõ廨ɫҺ
ⶫʱе˼
ܲϣȻĴʽЩοԼĻױƷ̵ʽӪЩСɱµװѾﵽʤĳ
֪ɷлܹƹģܹƳô˲װЩױƷһһ˰ɡ
ԼĿ佱
ĺ󷽵˵ƹ٣һΡлĻСܹġ
ܷܷһ˵ء
ġ֪װŪʲôá
ĺڳһŴµӡ
ĵ˵ͷ֮󣬴Լͳ˰׻Ʊһƿõ廨Һ
ҪҺʲôֵôҷعġ
ܷܷȻԴд˸ճȥʱһ죬˵йġ
Һʲôá


346 Աȳ

ܷܷߵ˺Ͽĵ棬ȻдʣӣС죬ੲݵźϺš
ҲĲ֪Щʲôãпõӡ۵ҺҾܹʲô츲صı仯һƭ˵ģ
̵Ҳ֪ܷܷΪʲôôĵ⣬Īģȡˣ֡
ǺҪЩѾˡҺҡһ˹๾
ܷܷǵĵ֮Уܹµŵװޣĵ˵ͷ
ûֻҪ֣е㲻ˬȫЩŲµЧ
Ӿᡣ
ôܾЩ
̶ûôľ뷨ֻҪúõоЩʲô֮ͬ
ֻԭⲻճĻͻҺԥ˦ȥ
Ͼڣ̲òϣѾע
ھҺûʵԵ;
ֻ˰дõ廨Һӿ˳ĨһԼϡ
ҺԼϣضʮա
̶ĿҲǺ̶ܸ߳ȵġ
Щ
ܷܷǰʱзҺ
Ǵ󷽵ɫװͬɫҺƿʮֵ͵Ļǡôģ
Һÿܷܷһ
̿һǿʤģҡҡͷ
֪ΪͶǵĵ̣ԣŻӵ룬ͬвͬ뷨ǵĶһԼ󷽡ǽһӡ
ǶڻױƷЧǲɡ
ܷܷҧҧ
š
ҲԼ뷨
ҵĵ̵Ӫȫһ˵潲һûʡ
еĽ鱦ǶЩƿ棬ôĵ̾һµţԼķʽչʾԼֹһ档
ԾĵطҲ˴𰸡
̾ûбҪ̫ھᣬԽǾᷴ·磬ͬʱҲǰʾԭЩġ
̫֮֮ĻñСˣǲҪЩ
̵˵ġܷܷԼ΢иļ
ʱĸһ䡣
ûԼĴ㣬˸͸ɫĲӺⲻͬĲӣЩӼзһòܹǸõĿЩҺԭϡ
뷨Ҳڴˡ
͸Ĳܹø֪Լԭԭϡ
ȻڵĵҲݱĽչչš
Ҳʾ
Ҳá
̱ʱһһĶȹ
һһĲӣɫĻ׺С
ҲͶĵ̴һ̨ԼĲƷġȻġ
ʵҲǿüġ
ĺܺáܷܷʱʱĹҲŵĹ˿ۿɼٶȶ
֮ǰΪĵ̻ݺݵѹһͷڿ𡣡
ֻܷܷЦЦ޿κεĵ˵Ķͷ
Ҫ룬Ҫ֪ĵ̵ƹмˢӵġ̿ǲСƹ񣬡㿴ЩĵװƷ֪ƹ϶Լ뷨ġĄ֮̊́϶ᡭ
΢΢ЦЦ˳ȥЩĵ̻ᷢʲôأ
ܷܷܸĿ⣬һ˲ȥȦвٵ˵ĵ̣ͥȸ
Ǿ͵ưɡ
Եò⡣
һ޹²ݺõ廨ۺϵϢ
õ廨ķҷҲ޹²ݵ£ںһ
ʫ˱һϵеƮӪҵֱذѱӸˤȥ
񛿣֮ǰĵĸ˵ֻҪҰķĻͻЧڿô˼
ǲﴥĿĵģһһ㣬ԤʾʱӪҵ˷츲صı仯
֮ǰӯٵÿ춼ڿ
񛿣֮ǰɲŵġ
ʫ̧ͷ
ûж˵ʲôֻǰ˱
԰̵꣬ʱЩ˼ҲѾʼˣԴеĻҵķӡֻҪҾͺá
һ嵭ΪЩ̫ϵĲ仯
ʫҧгݡ
ʱܸٵʱ䣬ȥĻ̾Ҫűˡ
ֱӰ˱˦ϣһӢϳһһĿĵ˺ۡ
֮еĺݼţתʧããĿ֮С


347 ̨

λڲ֪ƣɢţ޷֮еɱ
ʫĺһ
Ϊ˽ŨصϢƵĴһ֮ûж˵
Щʲô
ܷܷû˵˵ʲôѵûп̾Ȼа취Է񛿸ķӶûа취á
Խ˵Խŭ
޿κε̾һһ£֮ûж˵
ʫƢ֮ǰԽԽˣ˭Ѳס˭ûа취
ԼһηЦݡ
һжµµĲϣԸ𷣡
ʫԽ˵ԽŲԸ⿴ģ
ٸһܵʱ䣬㲻ܹΪʤĻǾеÿˡ
ʫ̾һ֮󣬱бб̫ʦϣһԲ
ؿƢ𱬣Ҳûа취Ȱֻǳ񛿻֣ʾ뿪
񛿵˵ͷ˳ȥ

زԸ⿴ôһεϾҲֻˣԼ£Ҽı滮棬
վſڣʵһԲܹĮĹ⻪֮ݼŵģ
֮ǰĲԣϣܹ½һҲǱⲻˡ
Щͷ
ʫݳޣò״ɳҳıʿֵط
νҡҡͷ
֪ԼܹүԼһѾˡ񛿹ڻܹ΢Լ
񛿵Ȼ뷨
ܹʤһ֮ǰоӦۡ
вͬԡ
ֲͬĲƷڶģһ¼ԼķΪƿĻܹóЩҺ嶼ʲôں϶ɵģ˸ĸŮǵע⡣
񛿾ͰԼоЩҺӦľµ󣬰ڷǰĲӵԱߣһȽϡ
ԣЩױƷͬ˼主һ㣬ʣò
ϸ嵴
Ļ취ˡ
˵
ܿġ֬ױĸﻻһҲвٵ̻ǵĵǰһ̡
ƿƿ޹ޡ
Щƿƿ޹ͬҲͭƽȵɵġ
һдļ֡
µţĶţŮӵС
ؼʣͬЩױƷص㣬˰ЩصŮϵһ
񛿲ķʽһ飬ȻڲͬĶĻͬʱҲвͬķ
ԭ򣬵ǰĴ·Ļ
Ȼֱӽһ¡
Ļɡ
⼸Ϊ̨ԭҲоͬʱҲ֬װ
ڿ֬ױҲԼ뷨ġ
е˼Ȼʹִ̨ķʽǽһ˸ӱķʽԼĲƷ
òַʽ²ߣѭкַܶʽܹӦַʽδŵġ
һԤУƹ϶һӣôŮ˵˼Ļҵˡ
˵
ܷܷʵԼˮĴ۾µƵ̣ҲûƳʲôνȻ
ԣֻܷܷɻѯʵ㣬ô֪ƹǸӵģ
ŮӵĻԲô򵥵ķʽҲֱķʽ⣬̫ˡ
ŮŮˣŮŮ˵˼ά˽ⷽʽ
ܷܷص룬ĻҲûбҪֱӵź
Ҳ̫Ե˰ɡ
ǡܷܷȻԼɻ󣬡ôӾȻױƷЩҾñ϶ˡ
ͬǱ뷨ŴôôЩƿƿ޹޵ĶһױƷǸոзĸ߿Ƽ
Щ˸ոз
ڳŮǶûиЩ÷;ĵ··Զ⣬һȴģ
̾;øˡ
ܷܷԴ˻ͬ뷨
Ļ˾ҪˡܷܷЦЦ֮Լ䡣
ҪЩô̸һһĸ顣
ЩĽ񛿵뷨֮ڣͬʱҲ̺ʹ̨ķʽ
ͬʱ֬ױ
ʱ䣬֬ױĶּ
Щɫͼ䷱ĻЩͬһС̿һһŵֽ
һܹŮǵע
񛿵һ˺ܶˡ


348 м

֡
ЩһֻۣвٵļŮӡ
ܷܷһԵЩƿƿ޹ޣ˲ٵĶ֮Ҳܹȥһۡ
ֻܹһӵӰ
ӵӰЩ˺ܸߡ
ɫۺʮ䡣
һվͬ黭һд⡣
Ҳ̫޳˰ɣȻôҪȻʹмƣ
ܷܷĳ˳鴽ǡ
Ҳû뵽ȻһС
Ҳ̫Ҫ˰ɣ
̶ܹһվڵ̵ſڣһƿҺ
Ȼвٵܹȥʶ
ʶġ
вٵܹȥϸѯʡ
ѸٵӪ˷ģ
̿ĿڴģַҪ֪Ļ͹ӶʮУȻվſڣһ顣
ӣ϶ܹղٵˡ
ЦЦܷܷҲһۡ
ǣ벻֬ױô治ֻܷܷ²ۣڿеĿ
̲סģͷһ
û۾һ㣬ҲôϲģҲ֪ЩŮΪʲôҪϲҺЩǳŮӾܹȥˣ
ܷܷ߶߶˵˺ܶ࣬ȷº⡣
񛿵ͬҲڴţŮһһľ
찡λҲ̫˧˰ɣǡ
Ҫεˡ
񛿴ǵ΢Цǡô֮ⲻھơĹҲΪЩŮӣǷܵ⡣
Ҫᣬˡ
Ҷӵ̣¶׼ֵģȻ֪ʱڸЩʲô
벻ڣǸԽӽĻᡣ
ͬע⵽֪ǲ̣Ŀ⣬Ȥ
ЦݣӣܷܷƵЦݣҡҡ׹
̡
֮ǰȻǿ̵Ļģ˽⡣
Դ˿̣üͷɫ
ĿĴܷܷκεи
̷ܷܷڿ棬ͬĹ˹ļѯʵôˣ
ܷܷһǷ񛿿ӵν
һһ
ˣη壬ڣüĿ飬Ķ񛿡
񛿻ŵذĿⴹȥˣֱ׳ͷ
ĿһУһ飬ϽСܷܷֱ׳
ҪǱҸ翴˵Ļұ֤̫ˡ
ѣܷܷ񛿸ոպߵذĿ⴫ݹȥӡ
ڣ˵ݡ
ۣ㣡ҵĺý㣡̺ý㣡ܷܷÿ޳ˣҪǱ֪ˣǹƳԲ˶ߵġ
˵ˣ߸òãһҪģ£¡
̵˵ĶͷӸܷܷڵøʵʵ
ȥһ̽
̵ϣǸܵ񛿴ߡ
ιιι̽㣬Ҳз֮
ܷܷ͵͵ԹţĿ⾼һ
棬ã΢粻
üͷһ֬ױɱĲƷ
񛿿ߣЦݿ䣬ЦݷǶ̵ģԡ
ǳЦ֮
η壬üͷֻбżܣΧô
񛿼Ѵ֮˼ƿ
̾Ҳ̫ûˣǿԼĿڲţһվվѴܹ֮
һߵŮһһΪ˼һ棬ӴѾĻ
˫ֻżνġ
ԭˣвˡ
ֱۣӹ飬ѯ˵˵ʲô
߲ơŮͣüĿẠ̊́һη壬żҲ΢㺡
ںʲôŮ̧ͷַһ飬¹ӵĶ̫ãȿֺʹùӵҺҲʹ
̻ػ̧ʶĿ
ʲôҺңзĸЩҵĻû֪Ƕòϣڣ˵Һ±⣬񲻿Ц
ûʲôɫ˵䲻ģʦү
ˡ
̧ŮӵӣãһܾܲȵùǸ⣬鷳㲻ҪҸоã𣿡
糺ɫӰţֱߵ񛿵Աߣ̸ͷڹŴԣⶼǺܸߵˡ
̴Żһһߡ
񛿣Ŀơ


349 

Ůû뵽ô˵
ԵøӴݲȵطһۡ
˵ЩѵдҺЩȫһƳģﻭ㣬ѵҪҽƽϣ
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һʾ֮󣬾ȴǶ֣һ뷨ҪǾĴ̵棬Ϊ֮ýβ
ĶûзȣĸĽںڳڶл͡
̶ôͻȻĻϹټмҹ棬Ϊ˵ǲ׵ĳģô̶ڣ
һҲֻ֪ԱšһλϹ誣һλϹ褡е㲻ɣϹһССĳͻ
Ҳ̿еĳͻԲеǸӡ
罥ķɢ˵ķ˿ͬҲǴɢĲӵ˼
͵Ŀ֮еķݼš
ֻҪ̶ϲģȥɣһвǻ𣿡
˵š
ȴųЦݡ
үҲҪ̫ڹһ̶ĶףвٵֶΣԵĻѾ¶ˡ
Щ


355 

ϹҵʱеĻҪ졣
үﱾճģɢϢһ֮С
Ϲһǰģ£á
̻ͷˮӨӨĴ۾֮ɢŲΪĹ⻷
֪ʡ
֪Ϲٹӽǰν£ǲɣ⼸£һֱûȥ˵̣֪ӽǰҵϣΪʲô顣
ֻ΢΢ƷһڲˮڱصõĻȡ
Ϲ褵ǾŮ˿͸ˡ
Ůȣһᣬֶһʣٹҫ֮£޳
ʵǰΪһ£¹Ҳס
Ϲ΢ɲģ̾һ֮ǰȷˡ
Ϲǹǣȴ˺֮ģҲˡ
üͷüĿ㣬ȻȥĶִ֮żֲΪ⡣
Ӵɲ㣬ʲôҶڻ̶֪һֺܹαˡ
ϹȴֻûбҪᣬ֮ޱȣ
˲˵µĵܵѾضˣһеҲΪƤһӹɣԡ
ͷĦ˼ʾ䣬ȴֲ̫˳
ȻȨ̵ϣȴֵֵܲ̿ȴŸΪȻ
ĵã벻Ҫȫҵһ֮䣬ԹӶڴ±Ӧ̫ᡣ
ǲԼĶעڷ֮ϣҲûбҪȥˡ
һЦü䴺ˮѾڣĿ⣬绨
Ϲ褹ãðԼĵƷŵ֮ϣѾɥʧȫȨһ¡
˼Ҳ֪Ȼ˵Ļ֮ǰҲŹһֱ˼Ҫѵƹط
֮ȴΪżˣЩζ
ǹԸ˵ĻԸأڽǵĵΪ
ߵԼĽ
ҵѵֻԼֵֻҵ𡣡
޵ȥ̧̰ͷͦأȻƿɰԸӡ
Ϲ֪ҵ̾Ȼ㣬δ֪˾Ȼ˵˼
⡭
ҵ̵ӪҵѾγɰһʳĴۣʨӴ󿪿ڡ
Ϲȴе㲻Ը΢ü
վ˵ľ붸ȻϹʶĺˡ
ûвƣǴޢָһ
ѵӻûŪûŪףӦδ𣿡
䲻ԸϹᣬӯӯˮй⻪۵ζ
ϹڲŵԼӵĿ֮ϡ
Ϊʱ
ӴԿһ֣Ҳܹ֤µĶ϶ֻһܹǹӽ˵Ļ˵ұ˳ӣǾֵܵزǾԲܱ֤ġ
ҵ̶̫١
Ϲ誸ոյϷ֮ǰҪ¶ıеϢôֵֻأ
һЦָߵһССĲ輸ŵࡣ
Ϲֻܹ˻˼֮ǰԵģѲڡ
ǰչ˵Ĵۣܾأ
òǰֵŮǸˣûʲôԹĻ뽫¡
ƫƫͬһ⣬Ҫһ
ܷܷͨû뵽ǰƲŮǴ
̲⣬Ỻ֮䣬΢˿˿Ƶ
۵ĻԲֹҵ̣ǹԸĻڹӲΥԼߵ֮£ԴӦҪΪΣ
ݲȣ΢Ц⣬챦ʯĲѾɢš
ץסȨˣЩǺйء
Ϲεһסζѯʵ
ʲôʱԽⶾ
̶ûʲôĶֻһ໨ɵСƿӸ˳ȥ
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ϹԸЩץסСƿһССҩѾ˳
Բҩ˹
ǽҩ𣿡
Ϲ褼ֱЩţոһ֮õҩ裬ȻССһš
Ȼˡ͵׹ŵĺɫʯҲĳʵ֮ҲһϾ˻ûκεԼŹӡ
ϹĿʵȷˣ޿ˡ
ֻǽסССҩƷȻĵͷ
ƱˡһѾ²е²㡣
л
ǵûҪֻǸȡˡ
Դˣûίȫ


356 ֻ

Ϲ뿪Ժ̼װ·Լȹϲų֮󣬱ǴһĨЦݡ
ʱոպáܷܷﱧһĸ㣬ʱֻ֮һˮһ
Щ֣δ֮ǰ˻ףǺᡣ
ǻµѬôζҴδŵ
ҡҡͷȴûֱ⣬ǰѻתƵСĸ֮ϡ
ôʹôĸˣ첻˵ֵڵŵ𣿡
ܷܷۿһȦ
ЩݲȵĶ棬Ķ档
ģԵЩΡ
İһò֮ᡣ
ôˣ
ܷܷһίⲻһҪͽһ𡣡
Լ֣һԵøӾн
ʲô𣿻ʲôĵ飿̿⸱ģаԴ⣬²򵥣ǡôİѰõӷֱߡ
ܷܷһӣҲûоԼˣ޿κεĳ嶯ųǿ
֮ǰ˵Ҫ׼ҵĻˡ
⻹𣿡ɻķһ䣬˷ǧڿһˣǺһ׮
Ĵϲ֮һôôӳüģǲ֪ĻΪҸǿȢء
ܷܷ˵һģŤһЦ˰β˵ʵе㺦£ҲŲôͳΪˡ
Ĵ۾֮˸ŽĹâһӸϽʶ֮˵ġ
ɲ׼Цң˵ǰ棬ȻһƬϲģҾͻСӦôͼΪ˸
ੲݵ˵˺ܶࡣ
̿⸱ģȻ򣺡ԭǿֻѽ
ܷܷԴ˲ʲô˼΢ͷ
ǣ
һ˵ľ룬Ѳˮ˸ӰĹ֮º͡
ΪʲôҪأ
ܷܷ죬һᵽ⣬ľֱͨͨ
˰֡
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôֻһ뵽ҾͺµҪĲôͼˡ
ҲЩɻһŹŴŮ˲˵ġ
ϾڹŴŮΨһ˸һͥ߶һ
ҿܲίܷܷÿҪ˳ĸ֮Ϊ˵֮ԣһ㶼Ʋˣǲӱȴĺѣ֪飬ҿһ޶û˯
ίĲӣҪ޳ˡ
һţָ̫Ѩ
ɲܹ롣¶ɣѵͲպҵĸһ𣿡
ֻͷ˦ñȲ˹ĻҪ졣
Ȼ˵Ҳе㣬ûļΪ˸֮󣬻ܷԺ󡭡
֮еĹǶֱİ֮ϣһ֪뷨
ǿɲҪ˵㿴ҲҲǽ˸ǲڹúܺãԼҵ𡣡
˹ϵİ취Ҳܹױ˴˵ʹࡣ
Ҹô㶮㣬϶㣬Ҳ޵Ǽ֮ûɡ
ܷܷ˵ĺеĵ˵ͷȻֲһ㡣
ֻ֣֭
ΪġҪϲĻͶһ㣬һϯʤʮ飡ܷܷĿ佱Ŵ˻д⣡
ѵز
ܷܷҲԼһ˵ǣʾķʽĸԼǼһҲûʲô˵ġ
̾ѵİ
ܷܷ뵽ЦǺǵ뿪ˣڻеĻ
̿⸱ģ΢һ
˾ͺá
ĬĬš
һ˫޳ǰ˻ΣҪӨ͸Ĺ⻷תĹʵĻǡô
үôôͻˣ
˵šԵЩ⣬ƽʱʱĻһ㶼ڳ֮ϴٻô
ǵ̶Ѿ˱ϢϹѾˣ⼸̶鷳⼸鶼ڼͺˡ
ݸĹ⻷Զǡô
Цŵͬõ廨һѤãֱӵסֱߡ
Ȼ˵Ļ̶Դչȭһ֮ǰз˺öĲѽҲʱĻͿԶүһ
ЦñȻҪµĵ˵ͷ
á
֮ҲŨ⡣
罥
üĿᣬˡ


357 ı

ͥԺ֮ѾͬдӰѾˣĳĬ
Ϲ誺һĵ̾һ
Ǻǡ
еĲˬѾ˼㣬˵֮ǰԴ̻ЩĺĻڣʹ࣬Ѿ
Ϲ褴ͷϸĵһ
û𣿡
òϻҩҩ֮žŤӹǣûзʲô⡣
ʱûʲô⣬ֻû뵽Ůӻ˵ĺϹŪԼ֡
⻰ô˵誡ӦôæµġϹѾЩˣһסҪߵĶ
֮ǰˣˣҲǲˡ
磿ҵʱûзȻôжԵһǸʲôԻҩ𣿡
ϹİϸĹ۲һûзʲô⣬ǣϹü֮ϵĮԼɫ
㾿ô룿
ϹĮĲӣ׵ĻѾӲһֱߡ
ȥ͹ȥˡ
ϹŪǸҩƿӣĻȣŵЦš
ֳҲңֱӸ㾿Э飬˾ңЩʲô
Įֱ䣬һ˫һ֮еĴˮѾڡ
̣ҵҪ󡣡
Ϲ褲ԸϺᣬ谮ΨһĵܵܣĲӡ
Ƿ˰ɣֳΪʲôҪ㲻ҪӡϹֱӰǸƿӸ˳ȥ
ƿӱƬ
ƬڵϣĹ⻷
ϹѹûУۿȴ
ûҴӦЩΪʲôѵΪ֮ǰô𣿡ϹȻû֮ŷŭӣĮ
Į֮д롣
Ϲ޿κε̾һеһŭĲܹΪ鱻Ϩ
Ҫô׾ٵʲôˣȻң
顣
롭
Ϲ߶˵֣֮л΢ľ衣
·Զ˭ʤ˭仹ưɣֳҲԸȰˣ˼ѾǾԲЭġ
Ϲ֮оǼǾԲЭ
ϹͻȻЩ֪ͬδ飬֪ԼҵܵܵƢΣ˵һ
ڼǸħСǸܵܣ˫Լ˶ֻ簮ڡ
ߵһӲʯͷ
ȻֻǺݵĽӴ˼ΣǣòϣԺŮӲͬһҲеġ
ü
ֵĽ֮ڶ
һڵ̵ǰ֮ǰЩû󣬶ڣѵõĴһĨǡ
ֱĵ⣬
ͬǸ⼸ӣ׼һЩ˳һг꽻ףؿԼг
ŵģû뵽ʵãһ񛿡
񛿺֮ǰһǱһűŮ˻ҪһɫӡӣʵǾĶǡ

˵š
̱⻰϶ᡣ
װһһӣֱӵ߹ȥû뵽񛿻֮ǰһǸƤҩ˦Ҳ˦
֮ǰѾܷܷ˵ֺα˵ľһҶΪѵӣʲô˼
ҲԸͨĿбֱӵ˹ȥ
Ǳߣ񛿵ۺϺ͵ͳ
Щ顭񛿾ԥƬ̣ѵͲ֪ʲô𣿡
֪Щʲô֪ܶ࣬˵㾿˭ָʹģԲ֪ʵĿΪΣʫҰҵӡ
ʫƲĻ⡣
ɫһΡ
̿⸱ģȴûκεĿ⡣
ѵֵزҲҪίȫ
º֮ͣУǵķ绪ѾǾ
߽˵֮УȻڹۿ񛿹ִĸûκεĳأ̵Źſڡ
ȴΪһơ
ܷܷʱһ±ơ
ʲô֮ǰǸ˵ˣҲӦҾô
ֱܷܷԼ֮ǰ˵Ļǰ˵ˣһǿԼ侲Ƭ̣ûдš
סҪĶ
˺ˣЩˣô˵װûҲҪˡ
޿κεܷܷļ
ܷܷȴһ֮ǰŬ׷
һ㣬Ҳÿ˶뷨
ܷܷȴݺݵĻͷһۣڲ񛿡
лǲɵôűԹһж˺úõġ
Ӧô죿Ϊѵָָ񛿣Ҷܹĺã񛿲һ겻ɢģĻ
һʱܹӳ֮£ǳǳ͵Ĺ⡣
ɫһ侲
վһԲŻƿҲûʲô顣
ʵҺһ㣬Ϊʱ겻ɢĸǣǣү֮ǰ߹ҡ̸ɴĨŵһߣһ˵˵˼ܣսǧ֮⣬˳ȫڻ¡
ܷܷŵ㶣ԼˮĴ۾ɻ
Щ˵ĶǶԵҶүƭɣôܣ
ܷܷ㵵죬鲻ԽƣĮ񛿡
Ĳģһ˿ԽģҾ͸⡣
ԥظӡܷܷ֮ȴûʲôȥ˵顣
Ҫûа취ֻ
νĴţҲһ취ûС
޿κεʼ
ʱûĽ취ֻôһ䣬ȻΨһĽ;
εĳ鶯˴ǣΨһӴȥҪĳ̶ֳϸ˲ٵˡ
ܷܷεĸ̾Ľβžʧ֪Ǹ
ǵ߶ʮһģٵĹ˿ȥȻЦţױƷ
ĵΪȵģ˾÷⡣
ҫĴ
۹֮ЯĹ⻷޷ͻ
˫ֻżЦЦ
ĺһ
ǣ̣㻹ΪԼ
Ҫ˵Щʲôû뵽ĿⴥĵطѾһĮӡ
һվţǵ΢ЦԲܸһִĿĵС
񛿵Ŀ
ͬǽĿת˹ȥ˵Ŀ˴˵ľš
̵ĳң
΢ĴЩԻѻͷ
ǡ
֮дŰԵЦЦ
һĹ
˵ЩԵã˵һйֵܣҵ뷨һģһĻֺ
ϾܹһĻܹѸٵĽ
̶ܿ˵֡
ԾԾͲøϽѻȵĵһѻյ
ȴЦЦĿ
ѵҪ
ֵ㻹˵㲻Уʵڱ¶ҰġҲʲô⣬ֻҪñ֪ˣӿ϶һ
ҰĲšб۾һ廨ͷС¶Ҷ
㵹Ǻ¡˵˻֮ԾޱĿų
νʼ磬Ҳ֪ôЩֱӵİƿ
̾㵵ĿͻȻ˦š
ܷܷȷɻ󣺡磿
ôˣ
ӵã
ôͻȻܾûʲô顣
Ҳһɻ
ãôһѵҪ
ܷܷɫͬɽһشͷּ߰ذͷ­
磿ѵ㶼֪Ҿʲôһ뵽һˬǲҪ̶鷳ˣ
һ˵ֱЩ鶯Ŵǡ
֮ܿĻͷס̵֡
£϶ģһ㡣
̲ôţ̧ͷֱ׺ݵĿ⡣
չǰΪʲô飿Ļ̶ҲûбҪѡ̴ݲȣȶĻº͹ҲûʲôҪıҪ
ĮĹ֮Уɫ롣
ߵһܷܷҲж֤Լ̬ȣԸ϶ͣǲòϡ
ڡ
ŶȤ̧üͷ
ǻûи״
֮ǰһʲ¡ܷܷϾҪ޵ȥ
ֱ췽ҹ̷
ԽеߣȼյԽʢ
˵ô׾پͰȥˣĿһ˲䣬̣֮ǰû˻ǡ
ϵ㵽ڻһֱй鷳ˡ
η塣
ȻںҪδ


358 Դ

֮ĪһɱϢٵĹ˿Ժ󾿾ʲô
˺Ѿ˿ڽǡ
Ծǹҳӵġ
ܹ˳۵ģеĹ˿ͶҲһ¡
ЦЦ
ʵʵҲûʲô뷨Ȼǵ䵭ĻҾˡ
˵ĵ󻹲ǲ˵ôͣ϶ⲻȥ
ڳһɵģ
˵û鷳һ㣬ĪûҪͬģû˻Щ
ܷܷһҲЩεֺαȫģЩ̫
һһ׵ġ
⻰ɽܲˡ
˵һ飿
дųвΪŭҲǵɵôģɾû뵽
ŮǰһĮĻӦ˵ҲںЩֻ֪һʵȥһֱӵİɨسţҶܷܷΨһء
ܷܷἰֶԵЩΣΪѣʵʵĶ֤վһߡ
ת
ܷܷվ̵ĺ档
ֳʥ˶Ҳ߸ҵģھֲӦ֧֣Σ̶㶼õĽá
֪ӦδǲԸΥԼĳġ
жʱôࡣ
ѵֳͲӦĻ֮ǰ£ֳ⡣
Įüͷһ塣
ܷܷѡ񣬵ζҪڳһʵģںҹҵĻ֮ǰҲԲ㡣
˵һ졣
һѪĻܻǵĲ죬εĿһûж˵ʲô
Ҳȥˡ
ܹԱߵһÿһ
ʲô
Щ߿
ӱһûһ۷׷ףЩ̫
ڡ
ݲȵĸΧ۸㵹һһˮ衣
ܷܷҲ˼Сġ
ѣһҪ֡
ܶ˶һӵȻ˵ˣ϶ûԣ˵
ﶼҺȻû˸˵κεĲ⡣
ܷܷȴԵЩ˼ϸҡһȷѾ
ľŲͣЪ
ò׳û˵ʱ䳤һۣҺ̡
ǺܶԲûҵĻҲ
˵Ƿģ˫ֺʮԼߵǸ⡣
ͣĶȻ׷ŵһߡ
ӦǶŭһΪ鷢ܴƢ𣿡
һƵģ
ܷܷȴæҡҡͷԲӣĿе̣ģģݺˡ
˲ңҲˣңұطˣ
Լβ׷Ķ
ܷܷĬĬš
ͷҵĵ鷢һߡ
ԺǿһˣֻҪŵ֮ǰǵøϽá
ϸ˼һ
⹺ҪٵǮȻǮϹټҳģǲòϣľһΪ
϶óȥڴ֮ǰһ鶼ãȻĻ߳ȥ
ܷܷ⸱ģ嶯ţίŤת⡣
㣬˵ֻûһƲء
֮ǰ˵𣿿Զ쵽ˣȻЩżĻ
ѵöЩԥҵĳһɸɾ֮󣬲ųЦЦ
ţԵøϽ鴦á
ܷܷ޿κΣ󷽵ĵ˵ͷյѾųһȦһȦĺΡ
ڴʱͻȻֱˣЩ³
ܷܷΪִظ
ЦЦ
㻹֪ôˣ
һ±Ƶ˽ͬˮŻһ㺨ĳܣճ˵
˺ӵľŵһɫ壬࣬ͬɭһдС
ֲʧòЦЦ
ǣ
ܷܷҲ˭ô֪ò׵һˣ״ˣæҵվ
ȴܵһԵĿ⡣
ʲô
ܷܷһ͡
ȴ󷽵վݸһЦ
ֹ֪СҵľŪЩʲô
ʲô
ܹ͵ģĿֻǾ̡̰˰֡
úöɣ۸ģ˾ͿڿʼеĻ̸ˣһ£ȳȥˡ
վǸʱըҲýһȻĻܾû⡣


359 

͸⾫͸ܹ£ٯٯӡ
һͦֻ罥
ʲô
ȻȤ̧üͷϸĵһ
仰ӦŶԣЩʲô˴µĹ
ЦЦ
Ȼûз绪ķ飬ǣ֪ˣµܻ鲻Խĵ⸱׵֮С
֮ǰ飬ܷܷһҲ֮뷨
͵ЦЦ˴ǣ֮вκвȣ̲ݻ
ȴһţ̫ͻȻĻ»ᡣ
񛿲źۼ
ԵЩʶһĳʲôֻ֮һ
ɫܺá
ĵһۡ
ʲô֮Ҫ¸ǣ˶š
û뵽񛿺С벽Ĳӡ
Ӧô룬Ӧôܹ֤Լײܹ˵һжֻһ
ηʼ򣬾ӦúԼԽԶԽá
ʲô֤ݵĻұ㲻£ԭɵĻлᡣ̲ŲǸĪĻ
һжصһţǻһõ֤ݡ
֪ô룬ֻУ´Ұ㣬оʲô²öֻ֪ǰѶ͵
ЦЦĮĲӡ
֮ǰĿǾԲ׾ٽЩ
һʱ̧ϸһ
ͷŵôöԼɣҲض档
ʼձһĮӣܹƮҡ֮ʱĳ衣
òӣƵЦЦ
ⶫѾ͵ҵֱߣȻûвյ˼
ĸһܹܵıЭֻһвˡ
ͨͨڼٵţܸһָо
Ѫ֮еĿڷľԼⶫɡ
Լ
̽ԥסһ岢ûж˵һ仰
֮ǰͬһɲƣҲڴ˿һкǧЦЦ֮ת뿪κεС
Ҳûһ˿ͬ顣
۾
⻹һ覵ӣܹ·β롣
ѵʲôƴͼ
ĬĬŲٺۼİһĬĬңãǴģûʲôˣҲûпĪĽס
Ѷʰˣ顣̱Ŷ롣
ܷܷæĴ򺮻֮Ӻͮͮģͺ߲ѣߵƲʷɵװΡ
ǼǼ
̿˼û뵽˵Ķת׼뿪
ȴվ
ãЩ˵
֮ǰŨһ˫ڻ֣ءȴķŵҲɡ
ܷܷãȻ֪վһɲǣҲվָԼĦ
̿⸱ŵģм䡣
˺ˣǶ˭˭ѽҲҪô⣬ĸþһ˶ԵѽͷȻ𴽽ǡ
ʲôĻǾȥ¥Ϻúõһġ
ɫͬ˪
á
ܷܷЩ֪룬ĬĬػأȥҧŴ
ȴֱӵס֡
һȥ
ãȻ޴룬ôʱоԼڷԹ
Ǻһ˱һߵ¥ϡ
¥ϵĿռпĿľΪ˸һɵĳϣȴ
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ʲô£
кõ̷̡Ը֮󣬴ǵ΢Цһ
ڡеء򺮵˵̵ֱۣȻһë׵СС
ͷϸĴһܹĶԭһССĺӡ
װʲô
ãȻ޴գգۡ
ʲô
ͷ
̶˵ͰӸˣܹװһһš
ܷܷҲЩͷȥϸü
ⶫǣ
ֱ֪δдĿĵıīۼ±
㿴֪ˡ
赭д˵šûκεУĮĲӡ
ͷϸĶһİŷ򿪡


360 в

ŷɢһȦĹ⻷
ȷʵôĿģȴŷŷ⿴̫һ
ҲǴĿġĵһܹȥŷݣԻѡһȦһȦ
һȻ̧ͷϸضһ
Щ˭дģѵ鲻𣿡
һʡֻܹ޿κεҡҡͷҲ˵һȻ
еľȫ̵ģִ
ŵ΢΢Ĳ
лѰ𣿡ѯһ࣬ĿǰΪֹûзʲô⣬ҿ˿ŷⱻʵʵ
ŵҪǿҵķʶ
޿κεЦЦ
ͬҲԵΣЩͻȻĳڼſڵģʱպ
ûа취Ҳǲ˺ü飬һ˿ûС
Ŵ˻ҡͷ
ûô򵥡дŵľ֤Ļ졣ʱ仹Сһ㣬Ļ
ܷܷ˸һŷʱͿŷ⣬װ׵д̵֡
ͬʱҲ˶֮дż١
㣬ҲСһ㣬һĳʲôĻˣʱ䣬Сϡ
ܷܷ񲻰ָŷλεıĶ
⼸ϣȡͷ
Ҳһࡣ
Ļɲ̫һ
ܷܷҲ֪ûô򵥣Ĵһ֮Ȼİο
Ȼ࣬ҾСһ㰡ɣҲ̫ˣһ˭ĶҲ˵
ĳô죿ܷܷҸ۽ȥˡ
ܷܷȴԺţиͬͬ
˵ɢɵϢɲÿ˶뷨
΢ɲ̾һʱ֪Ǻá
ܷܷ̫Ը⡣
鶼Ҵң·һдĻţҲ޷ԡ
죬âɡƺ貶ĿĹʵ
ʫһ˴ݲȵںߣˮˣɫһȦһȦĻš
㣬Ǻñ°񛿣̫ˣΪʲô
΢ЦţֻЦе΢ĺĺ
ʫµظ㶪һʳ
㾿ô룿
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ǾЩ޶ŮҪˡ
ʫȻ֪߱һ壬ʲô˼أʶüͷ
ûô򵥣ҿ֪ġʫЩŭİϸȥһ롣
Ѿнγһš
̾ʲôôôصĸɲҪˣһҴСˡ
ʫεع𴽽ǣԽ˵Խ
Ϊʲôòҵĺ˶һһĸ̣Ҳ֪˹ʲôԻ
ڻڹ򽫹Ļұ֤һᶯļˣҲس֮飬һοʫĮݡ
鵽˵ĵز£Ѿ֪ĶԴ
֪Լһ··ȻǰԼļ˲صĶúõġ
ܹ˵ˣ㲻Լˣ޿ˣЦЦ
鵽ֵز
ЦЦЦ֮ȴѵôһƵĮĹâ
ʫһڤ粻ģ
Ȼ˵ĻôͺúõڵŰɣҲģɩӺܿҪˡ
ʫһĨѤõЦݣѵֵز϶Ź񛿡
ͬ˵֪ԼӲģͦأд󽫵ķ緶
ǲµġĿѵ˵ĵزѾ˲ɵ͵ġҲδԼʲô¡
ʫݺݵ˱ӡ
Ҳ䣿


361  Ƥҩ

ү
â䣬ǹöĿǺӰ綼һΪɡ
߬ɫӣ롣һǰѺɫ׸
̶ôˣ
뻹⣬̾죬е
ܾү㿴
üɨͬԶɽԶԡ
ϾƤˣ治Ŀİ໰
ţ
һʼûо裬ס̵֣һš
Ϊ֮İۣһ򿪣ǲĿ
ָţ̶̼仰涼Σ
ǣԺ󣬴ҶԼ鲻Խش룬ʮа˾ţĻһ
һֿԼĸо
ĵű߼ʡ
̾һ
ͬүŲ֪˭дģôңдȥˣҿɲʲô۸ġ
Цˣ̧Ŀۣ罣
£ԲԹϢ
̧ͬȴķ˲֮ͬ
ֻ©дŵˣǧ㣬һ㣬һ
ŷڻ£ܹƵȼգֽлƳ֡
ǣ
üͷɻѡ밴֣ĦŻơ
ϾҲʱ
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ǣ
ͣȴû뷨еΡ
£ܸˡû뵽񲿵ˣҲҸ棿
˵ԺҲǸ̽һ
ֽеģÿŵĻƶ̫һֻо˻㣬Żչֳû뵽ôݡ̵ļǰ棬Ȼëʣһһ⣬ѻƹգ㿴̶
̾۾Ƿڡ⻨ƹճģǱģһһ֡Щֶһ𣬴᳦ڴֿ󱼴档
Сġܡ
һһϣŵץסֽҲ
ôչ˹죿һӣǾתٻء׷ڴʲô
ƾʲô
ôܣһӣĶȰ棿
š
ҲࣺûмǴĻ֮ǰɡ
ӯӯˮĿࣺôܰ˵вңʵϣĿĶңСһ㣿
ڶͻȻʲôĵϲˣôԽԽˡ
񛿣
̫ȷظһ飬ԼĶͷԼʱԣ˳
ҵǲˣɲʲôС飬Ȼ̶ʱ֪ΪʲôҪ͸Լ
ͣǰӳ֮ѾɢɵĹΣһȦһȦ
ġ˼붼롣
˵ȴһͷůݡ
סֱۣǡôشůůʱ򣬺ͬһů
һẦ𣿡
ͻȻѯʡÿΣůǡôܻͶһְȫС
̶֪ģҲ̶ʱص̶ܳ顣
黰㣬˵黰Ҳһ㶼
ȵϢĶߣٵعЦݡ޹գ˫ۡ
Լٱɫ
˼ӦδŲԵΡ
빴һЦᣬԵ
ס̵֣ÿɷ
ںµģԲԣ
סģһׯϵӡĿڡ
Ҳرɺϣ۹˶ã֮䷢ʲôҲãһᱣġ
һЦȻ̽סһѾ֪ɢںδˡ
ʵүΪʲôңȻ֮ǰ飬̶Ҳе죬ǲòϣ̶ҲԼˣ񛿵βĺΡ
粽룬ƤҩһֱΡ
ʼΡһ뵽˵ˡ
̶ѵ֪δ뿴һżģذĽŵС̶ǰ֪ĻڣֻҪ̶ʱԸ̶
ͬĳһ̻صͷεĴ
ҿ
ʶãⲻʲô顣


362 Ķ

үΡ
ҰɢعâһƬط
ˮˮ߸ߵһӣһŷԭ񛿡
ɫŲ
ˮѾӹ棬ԾɿԿĲм
ʫһֵĲмĿⷴĴ񛿣һӣӺ˦һ£ǿռɢȣǱ̹ǡ
ʫüͷһĮ˼㡣
㣬ԥʲôң̾ʲôôҿһ
ơ
ԥȻ˺ۣڣܹһȦһȦ˿ڣеѾ˴Ŀӡ
ɣʫıӲûκԥϵЦһ
ʲôҸһᣬѻᵱ¡
ʫĮƺ΢Цţǿ񛿵ʱ򣬾üҲƺĸ߰
ÿ֮ǰܵĻ¿϶鶼߸ˡ
Įͷ˵Ĺ
㻹⡣
ʫ̧ͷվ
ˣһǽֻ֮ˣģŹâ
񛿺һǱӵ
ҡ
ֹЦЦ͸رѹ
ʫһĸо֮ǰʱԼһж֮Уڣܾе㲻̫ԡ
Ϊʲôλ·񛿣飬Įд䡣
ͷ̫Ӳˣ˵ĺܶԣʲôء
ʫƴ̧ͷŪűӣӵβ˾һȦһȦ
ʫüͷ֮йһ
ѵ㻹ʲôã
ʫ޿κΡվֱӵȥˮޱȣҲúֵá
̴ʹȣĳˮֵһᡣ
񛿱̧ͷĵץ֣Ѵ֮ģľƺɫָץ񛿡
Ҳ뷨
ʲôһ㣬񛿣һ㣬ҲܹŹ㣬ҪʲôԸ˵ĻҲˣ֪𣿡
ĮԣõĽ취ֻһ
˵
Ѿʫݺݵץˣס񛿵Ĳӡ
ﵴĿ⡣
ҪôӲҲʲôΪӾܹвң񛿣Ҳá
ӱˮ˹㣬񛿻ʪģǲɢɶɡ
Ǻʫ׺ݵذͷֱˮ


ˮ๾ģ񛿱涼ѪۣˮĽ£ۣǣסϹ褵ļѨá
˵ɣǿ徿ʲôһܹŹ㣬ҪǲҵĻҲֻ·һˡ
񛿱еĸӼ֣˵
ԳĬӦԡ
ǡʫɿ֡ˮ䣬ȼյļį֮ʲôأҲںɡ
֣ɿʫ۾һһЦĮ顣
㴦á
Ѫˮһһ鵴񛿵֮ϣ۾ͨһƫ
ǲ˵ġ
һվڻʹſڣſûʸĺɫâɡһǳɫ£ȹཻ֮Ӧˮɫȹﵴһͬɫõ廨
ץһţѾʪˡһӲֱߡ

һСĽĹŮⲽ˹
ȥɡ
΢˫ۣ˫ﵴŹ⻪޿κΡ·ͻȻô̫εˣε֮ǰ˵ҪԼ
䣬ʺͻ϶ǰ棬š
ˡ
˵ǣʺҲĬһ
㿴ɡ
ʺȻԴ
ϡ
ʺ̧ͷѾ˵òϣϹɵ΢Ц
ȻõĸĻģ϶뷨ġȻ˵ĻǰҲһƬġ
΢Ц
ֵ̻̿վ͵ЦЦ
˭֪ʲô̶ȻԸΪ̫󿴿ҲǾԼТġ
˵ĺ̹£Ŷسͷ
˼ͺˡ
ǰһѯʵ֪̫󾿾ʲôΪʲôҪ̶ȥ̶Ҳ֪ԼӦ˴Щ
ˡ̾˿ʺҪǻѾֹĻ
ȥˣ̫ҽţҪʲôҪ˵һҪ˵
һࡣصͷ
Ѿ㡣޿Ժֻܹпһ
̫󾿾ʲô˼Ϊʲô㣿


363  鵽

Сһšģʲô
ĻƵһȦһȦܹ˿ʣͬ⻪һ˿
üͷš
̫ڴϣûκѪɫһɫ£׻ģûʲô
΢ĺֵ֪ز
̫Σ
ѸжԺ̴һãǲɷϵǣ͵شС
һߵĹŮͬҶ˵һ仰ֻǵͷü
˿̣̫Ļһֲ̬ı֡
ĸоһĪļ¡
ʲô
ɻѯʣܾһжһֻ֣һˣȻһ
ŮһԲƺ˵ʲô
㣬߱ʲô£Ϊʲô̫
üͷһԲ
Ůͨһûж˵һ֡
㲻Ը˵̧һЦתУӯӯˮ
ǡūĲ˵ūǷģ飬ū澲֪Ҳ֪
Ů΢Цţļ
ˣȻ㲻Ը˵ĻҲ㣬ԣȥѱҽƺӴ棬СбüͷͬȻ
ŵ
СŮȻ⣬ǻȥ
ĺúƭ
ĬĬ̾һ󣬸Ͻǰȥ
ڣ̫ˣ̫Բѣ̾Լкܶණѧ
ڲѧʱ
Сiʱѵõֻ
εĲɲö㰡ңҲϡ
ѾˣᣬȻ˵ĻͰ߸Ҳͺ𣿾ͲҪȥæˡ
˵ֱ׳
ɲУкһô͵ģΪ
ǹʲôع涨ұΪ
̲мطһۣǺƭһСӼһġ
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ĸֱ̫ۣѾе㽩Ӳңºе͡
ֹ̫ܲˡ
ȻתܹĻƣһȦغϹ󣬻ɫĹâ׺档
Ƥ´ĥ壬ⲻ·໨ơ
⡭
ḻľ֪ʶ
Ѹٵжһ
Ȼ̫ϺûзʲôЩϡŹֵĻƲĶ
ȴϸĶһʱСŮ׼滨ӣ˹ӳġ
СŮҲ˺ôһ򣬲ŰЩˡ
ʵһһֱö֪ΪʲôʵǰĹ⸱ģ񲢲ҽ
ڶɻ󣬷·һоһһ
֪δ
Ϊһж̫ˣš
ūʲô֪
СĻְѺӷŵһߣ֮һԲ·һкûκεĹϵ
Ȼ˵ĻͰҰЩ߶չˣúõĿһ
Ըȥ֮ҲǺİԼЩɵĹ߶п
֮ĹŴҽƹߣһЩõ˳ֵģСiչεĹߡ
Ұ´ˣҰ֮ǰһֱҪĹ߸㣬ô
һ˵š
ôУǰ㿪ңôӣ
СiظҲֱ׳ģ˵Ҫܾ
ⲻʮֻ뿴ܹҵĻҾͿܹ֮ӵиļܣǶǻݵģ
˵ĺеСiȴõʲôԾ
ûмǴĻӦֻڹŻءԣӣҪԼĹ飬úõһҡ
ңĻƣеϤ
̾
û취СiееĲ״ǹŴרģͲִѧҽƷΧ֮ڣҪҲ֪Ӧô
ɸΪ֮
仰ɲ١
С
㲻иʲôûйֹȻûܹй⸨ĻȻҲûʲôһж֮е顣
˵ֱ׳
ðɺðɣһҪǵðǸԴң
ҲԵ޿κΡ
ĵ˵ͷӾͼ򵥶ˡ
ȻĻ
Ҳ뷨
鵽ˣһһĶ䲻֪Դͽⶾɷ֣ܹ֤ԭΪʳ˹һۡ
̼ܺãһҽ֮лҩҲ̫
ôǳǳ


364 ʺĲԾ

ȻŵģĶȴûκεֹͣԾһ۲ģ
һԵСŮ֪ʲô飬̵ֻܹĶ
һҾͲ֪ˡ
ѵõܹ֮޿κΡ
Ҫʲôãһ۵ľ庬鲻Ļôȷ
鵽Ѿӵ˼㡣
ҲҪ̫żˣֻҪʳԴܹĻҾܹᣬһжȻܹһ澿ʲôĺ
Լһ󴮵Ľ͡
ͨͨϵͳܹҷ𰸣֪һۣһĺͳɷʱö֪
Ҳ֪ȥ˵Щʲô
֮ǰѵֵزĻֻܸϽȥһ鲢ûʲôõԴʯͷȥ
СŮ֪ոշķӿ֪ľɫԽԽء

ŮѯźӸ˲
ûʲôڸϽȥ߸ϣ˵Ѿ֪ʲôˡ
ŮϽ˹ȥص˵ͷ
Ȼһ˵ĮϢƮﵭĵĺˮת俪
ʱʱܹƮЩ۵ζЦЦ·𾭹ѣȷᵽ֮Уɢŵһһ㡣
Ҳһʱڡ
ת̽һԭб֦
֦ɢĹ⻪Ŀ
̴ͷܹٵĽŲһһûϡ
ϵĲţɻʺһĮЦЦ˱൱ľ롣
ڣǾװԸװˡ
ҲԴεعһĨЦݡ
Ͼ湦ҪģĬĬЦš
ˣʲôأ̫ҽԺЩǵڶûиóһ
С
š
ĵ˵ͷһ㣬Ҳ⡣
۶ʲô뷨ʲôͼԣֻһս
ܹģʲôȻʺøӵĲмҲǱ˵㣬Щø߸㡣
Щ̶֪ģûʮɰգŻôðҵ¡
̫Ĵվе۵İеĶպãǵ΢Цǡô
ϣʺ뿴ܹ̫һȦһȦĻҲһж
˳һ˲ƿȥ
ȻܹԼĶǵĻơ
ǡ
ϵһ
ɫһ˲ȥͬͻȻֵĿ꣬ѹи߲ʡ
̲ԵͷȥĻ񣬺֮ǰǿֻƵģȻĻ˴Ĳ
ĬĬš
ѵǾ⻨￴𣿡
ĥһʾ֮ڵ¶
ѵǿ
Դѯš
ʺĪķʣ˸ӾòͬѰ
̾ʱץסص㡣
ʺڿ˵ѵͻʺйϵ
֮ǰʺڵĿӣЦЦ
Ǿã
ָָȹߡ
ûʲôĻҲῴʺʧǵģֻǾЩ档
ȴʲô飬Ϊʲôһᵽƾܹʺ߶Ƚ䱸ģ
ʺֹⲽ˫Ĳ⡣
ˣ
ȴԸ϶ᣬֹ˼һ
ǡ
̵ͷûж˵ʲô
ʺ°ͬŵ÷һ
ȻһԲ˼졣
ȻѾˣʲôµжɷнⷨ
̳鴤ǣǻϲԸͻع˵£ⶾظûҩԽģô죿
ֻܹҡҡͷ
̶ѧǳ鼮涼ûмعйһĶصĽⷨ
һһ۵İʵ¶ΪõҽǼ˵ġ
ѵܹݼŵĮͻš
·һ̣ڲǸ߸ϵĻϣһͨƽ񣬺ĸ׸Ķӡ
һ˫ܹһе۾ˮ
ʺûж˵º͵ո롣
һ취ûУ
һ취ûС
̧ͷŻʺ󣬻ʺҲͬڹ۲Щ
Ϊʺ̫°ӣΪڵߣͬҫ۵Ĺâһ


365 

ռ˾һһϢ
̶Դ˱ȽϺ棬򵥵ޱɵذ󣬱ԼȫĶͶͤͤһϡ
ڲǻûеһʢŵļôһЩ֡
ͬһ㡣
ʺѸٵİ˹
ȷˡҲö˵֮ǰʱĸ˵ˮǱļܹʱڻһʢţѰ
ĬĬĸ̾һݳޣȻûж˵Ļ罥
ܾЩ
ʱʵ̫ˣ˾Щ΢
Ҳǵ˵ͷȷˣѵһʲô𣿡
ȻеģĿǰֻܹ˿֮в³̫һĶǾԴµĶʱö֪
˵Ŀޱȣֱָָһ
ʱһܾǱ֮١
һãɫĻǶһȦһȦΧš
˷ˣ˵ǵķۺɫ׺һһƬ
Ȼȥ飬飬ǲ鵽˿ˣ
ҡҡͷûж˵
黹ʣ˵һ仰Ǵġ
ʱҲûҪ
̧ͷݲȡ
ϿһĹģҲûж뷨ֻǵ˵ͷֻ˻֣׼뿪
һصеʱƮɢһɷ˵ķ
һž֪ϲǴŹǵζ
ܹɿݵˡ
ôˣ
Сİֱӵһˡ
̺ߵĲӣҲͨһƬ
ⲻǵֱӵıһʥּٻ˹УΪʲô¡
޿κεҡҡͷ
ѵүڶû֪ʲô𣿡
͡ظӡ
ȴԵò⡣
ʹ﷢ʲô̶ֻǲǰȫģûкúõġ
Ŵ˻ͨӣԼõĸˡ
˵
˾ڱһ۵Ŀ֮лص˸С
߸ߵĹţһصһ̵ȫϯᡣ
ʲô
뵫һĿϾӵģĵ˵Ķͷ
⼸ҸʱСiϽԴˡ
ӵĻװæⶾ
ԥƬ̣˵ûʲôˡ̶߸үүû뵽ȷˡ
Ƭ̡
֪̫زжǳ
̫жˣȲĳһдΣҲ˰ֳһ߸
ʺķӦʵ̫ͬѰˣһо̫ɺϡ
ʱʵ˻ĵ仳ŻɵֻЧƶһûж˵
סֺ֣ȣɵһʱԴİŹǼи
ڳǴŹҲûʲôζͬãȻֱӵķ˿ӡ
үǲˡ
ĸҲȥס֣ڸӵĸ߲ʣĻͬܡ
үҪٻǰˣ𣿡
΢ɲ̾һ
ƺһʡ
ʺһΪĻѾ˴ŵĲ룬ʮа˾Ѳϵ
ԽԽͣƮƮ죬ƺˡ
̶
ڡ
ݸһЦһôδܵԼ˽ӽࡣ
ˮ̴̡˴ˮȻѲˮֱߡ
аĹЧүȺȺȣ飬̶ܹ鵽һ΢üģ˾飬Ī̫֮ǰԹŮҪҹ
Ԥʾõ̫ߵΣһ£ֻһ¡
ڣ̶ѾΪʸ֮ģҲ£̫Ӻǣһܹס
Ҫİ̫ҽκã˵ܹõС
̶ľ̫үҲӦģܹõءһƬТģĹ
ĵ̧ͷء
Ȼ˵ĻӲɿ
Ļɿ
û
ס֡ﻹ΢ȡ
ʥּĻǲģԱҪһͬǰȥ
̲ݻѵִֵز
á
ҲŤŤֱͬ뷨ֻҪߣη塣


366 

ʹޱȣֻһĻڷ׷֪ƣƮţ¾ãȴܹ˵ܸһֲĸо
̺ͬʱµ
Զߣ滹һɫĵ
һ˼ƺЩһѾΪһ֪Ρ
̶ҪΪһ̫ࡣ
̾һס֣˱һͬߵ̫޹档
̫֮ǰȸԵƮ㣬ͬһ㡣
ֻм̫ҽͼŮ
̵һ߽ȥʱܹŵŨܵĲϢֵ롣
ʱᵽĲҩϢʵ̫ˣöһŵ
㻹
˼ظ̾һ䣬ܹһԿɰСŮСŮ֮ϴɫ
ǻҹʱ䶼ţ˵ܹ
ЦЦѵõĴӡ
̲ɵÿޣȻˣҰɣֽźﱾ֣Ӧûʲôɣ
СŮ֮УѵõĸֳЩϲá
̵ȷʸܹЩŮԸĽűߡ
ҽѧĿǺʵľһСŮһ
Ŀ֮ûκľۼҲҪˡ
䲻ͻȻ˵ǸѧͽΪʲôɡ
ĬĬšᣬֻ͡
˱һĵط
ΪжԵʣҰŲ΢ŲͿܵѪҺӿĶصĴ
ȻЩȫ̸߸̫ҽԺģ̫ҽԺҲרŵ̫ҽЩһһļ
Щȫϡ
΢иˣһǽչԺܹܵеỺ͡
ͬһ㵭Ĵ
óԼһϲõ룬Զ̫ѪҺеɫĶأ΢һ˿ɫ
ЩܹѪҺжϢܹѪҺãݳϢͿСiˡ
Щͽˡ
˵ţȻһ͸СƿӰɣһѪСԹܸȥ
СiЩҽƷð
ĬĬĸ̾һ
СiҲǵ˵š
ⶫȻ˶ҾľĶ˾֪ԼԲԿˡ
ڳһ޵ģ
ȴܷܣϾϸ߶žδ̫顣
úúã֪ˣˡ
֮󣬾ͰƿӶԼЯС档
ȴСiܣͿ̵ĳԸˡ
ŵʵ𣿲ûмء
鶼ûмأҲ˵⣬뿪֮ǰѾ̷̫һűķεҩ˵⡣
ȷһ֮Ȼ䡣
ʽҡҷţСŮһļ⸱ģ
ҵһ¸㿪ҩҩݸ̫ҽԺˣǰʱҩÿҪΣξ͵̫ҩȥ
ڹŮϽĵ˵ͷֻ֮лͬѩһ̣ΪĳȺͬŮһĹС
ԥƬ̣ѪֹķڹŴõЧ̫ѡ
˼С
黹ôӳһ
ѵԥ֦ͷĿ⣬ǳỺ͡
Ҳ˵ͷͬ뷨
ȷˣСһΪϣʲôĻܸ߸
ԴһЩϡŹֵ뷨Щ뷨ϲһܹܣҪġ
뷨ʵ
ء
ΪʵıݣҲΪĿ֡
ʲô֪
߽ĸš
˽ģһѤĻչ
СŮĬĬţҩдµһɲǣ̵סˡ
Ͻ˹ȥ͸ȴŴ𰸵̫ҽǣЩ̫ҽޱȡ
ҩģ
ϵһ̫ҽȵĳȻ֪ܷܷ֮ǰжʱˣæȶ˲飬ܹǲ׵Ķ⿪
Щ̫ҽǵҲǺ⡣
ⶼдҩū澲ЩֻǾһ
һϺģСŮΪѡ
֮ǰڹܴԲŻշת࣬ӹܳӵŮٵ̫ߡ
ֲʲôҪɫֻһɨصĹŮںòץס˻ᡣ
ȥ
һ
Ů۾ϸֳˣҰĲ
һֵ׷ӣĿ϶ץס˻֡
ѵЩ̫ҽԸ𣿡
˵


367 

ͬȻһ׹
Ů⸱˵̫ҽǣһ㶡
Ҳǵ뷨̫ĵˣҪĿ˵Ļ»̫µӰ졣
̫ҽȻԼ뷨ϵĲһѾԼ
ĥʱΪЩϺǲôżֻǳϡ
ȻܹЩϺϼ޻ģ
Ͳⷢʲô
ͬ˵Աߡ
ǶԴ
Ȼ
̫ҽȻҲ֪ôչôҲҰЩ̸ҰЩֱӵĳ¶
ֻ΢΢ĳüͷֳһηɫ
ֱӵİҩڵ
ǻȥĪǵӴ벻ˣȻ鶼ֽˣ
赭д˵ģǿԿüͷ΢΢£ɫơ
ʱͷһԲĹŮ
ﵨӵһ˫ˮĴ۾
ĺܺãûĻҲô򵥵ľͽ
˵ûĻͣŻŨء
ܹӦ֣ߵ˲ࡣ
ҪͶҵ£
͵š
Ҿ뷨Ļٺòˡ
ŮԵøӵ䲻֪뷨ǲȷģһ
Ҿֵ׷Ķ󣬶Ҷԣ㹻ˡ
֮ǰʱȻݵλҲԸ̫ҽһϸ£ҲǼΪԭ
Ȼ˵Ļ͸ɣ֮ǰҲǷֺȣʺҵ֡
룬ǹһĨЦһֱĻֱæòɿһ֡
ҲǺ¡̶æֲֵܹʱ򣬾㡣
ҲԸ⿴̫ۣķԸ˵
̻㱵ĵ˵ͷȷҲǺõѡ
罥Ĵš
ȴȻһƬŵϢ
ɷϵǣôЩĬϢĳ̶ֳˣһƬһƬȺ
ܹ޾ɵڴ
ϣ
С˴Ҳ𾪣ղųʱûпϵ֡
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Ա߽ıסܣΪܵ˴
⾿ֶܹá
黹ûתӸ̫ж˵ڶûвҳ
ҲɣΪ⡣
ֻܹʵ
ܹ֤̫״ȥĻӦܹ֧ʮ죬ñ֤׼Щʳ̫ȥ
һ˵۾ĹâȻЩļһֱ˵š
ûҲܹԣñ֤ڵͨȶܹ̫άһΪȶ״̬֮ϡ
ˣҲûб뷨ֻܹӢĵ˵ͷ֧
Ȼ˵Ļһе鶼˵㾡ȥɣʣµµӦ֧㡣
Ŵ˻ظ˻һ߸ҩĻ⹬ʲôˡ
á
ظֻҪܹҵ»ˡ
һ澿ʲôأ̲ʲôܹѸҵⶾ
Ȼ˵뷨ǣͬں沨Ʈҵ˽֮
̧ͷ
ϲĻɷȥһ鷿ǵ鷿ĲŴĲ飬ҲѰһ£ûмصķ
̴ǹЦõĽʽ
ϵ˵ͷȻ崫ݸ̡
Ȼ˵Ļʹȥɣڹû˸㡣
赭д˵ţոպãƺոյĽǹ̡
ڵһľ


368 

еҪӵĺúݣռ֮һɵĳ֮ζ
Եòƽ
ܹԤ۷Ԥʾľ֮٣̸ܹ۾»ܾܹܵϵĴࡣ
ܶ˶֪һ㡣
΢ɲģ̧üͷ
ôˣ
ֻԵ޿κΡ
֪ΪʲôʱﲻõԤУǾܵĸʢʴӡ
罥ĵƹȴƺԶᴹ
˸ܵƣϢ
ס֣үģǰֻΪѰҶѡ
ҪܹЩ鼮֮Ѱҵ˿Ļٺòˣܴһ
ⲻɵ顣
ǵһ󣬻֪ľ幹ʲô
֮ǰβһξΪ򵼣ᳵ·ߵ¥ݹԱߡ
ɫˢųζһֱɢ֮УΪŨҵĵط¥ˡ
ζΪʲô˵Ũأ
ԵЩԺգգ۾
Ϊ渵
ЩǷˮʦƲƵģ˵ΪҪס
Ƶĵ˵ͷת¥ݣһ˲ǰţԽԽԽߣܹ̺һ飬һһۻš
û뵽ȸСȫԶԶȥֻ鷿ռؿռСʱʼɵ˵ǻˡ
ȻǸִˣǶڽѧֲרҵĵط˵ǻ
̧ͷ
һԣ
ܹܵЩɱ⡣
̿һĽݵʱû뵽֨һӦʮֺʵ̴ľĽݣͻȻˡ
뵱ϵס֡
ֱ۽Ӳһֱߣ֤þе
Ҳ۾ֿסһݣ˴Σա
벻̫
¥õʽģתľ¥ݿΣգӽ쵽ڣǵһγ¹ʡ
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𶯣ҵ֧ȣ¥Ҳˡ
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Сһ㣬һֱ֧ˤ˾鷳ˡ
һѹ˱Ÿʵʵģû뵽ܹҵž
ᣬסԼ졣
СıԹôھͳѻһĺҾܹĺ
ĶӵѸݣڽݴѧУһ鿪ʼһ˲¡
ǵļ㣬̾Ѿ㹻Ķˣû뵽ľĿࡣ
ץס˻ᣬڻлᣬżЩ
󶼻ᵹɴűӿ鼮Ϊ֧ŵ㣬ֱӵĴд
Ҳ뷨סӹǣ´ȥ
ǸӺһС
ոջھ̺̾һ鼮ת˲ʱͬһ˱Ϯͬһ˽һˡ
⼸룬϶Ҫ˵ǴӲ﷢ʲô˿
ľսԼĻȻץסᣬӴǰһԾ¡
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ͬ£ʱᷴӦٿһĻͻֱӵʬδ棬Ȼˡ
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Ľ㲻졣
ϵһʱ֪£ŭԸ˳飬һƬǽ֮£Ҳû֤ݡ
ֻܹΪֹ
ЦЦԵЩΡ̲ܲԼЩµģЩȣȻҲԵΡ
һСˣžƾȻͿĨ˵ƣôһֽһģС˶ϡ
үܵЩ˶Сˡ
ûˡ
ںСˣΪںֻԼǰŮ᲻ˣ
ĿĴţȷûκ֮ųһžԼǻ
û˾ǲ֮еҡ


369 е

ѪҺˮϢһζɲ̫š
ĬĬĸ̾һеĹ߶շŵߺС
֮ǰĹŮҲɹҪ֮£ʺ˿ڡԼҡ
µĸ˸֣ƽ
ƽƽ
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봽ǻЩࡣЩ۵ĸĴǡ
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ֻĻʹʵеǵһڸǣ϶Щ飬϶һ飬̫жйϵȻĻ
Ŵ϶ޱȡ˺쳾Цݺÿ
ͬĻš
Ƶĵ˵ͷҲģȻڲѾΪһƬǽ壬鲻˭ôĵ飬ǣеȫ¡
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Щ鶼¼ģļغá
רŵĹԱЩϼ¼ҲĻ˸ɱۡ
ȻⷨһЩϿΪ˲ϲʱҲΪ⼴ͷ­ϵĵǲĶ
ҵĶţ˭СĻȻǸҰǸ淢ġ
Գϵģе鶼һá
Ĺרŵؽ鼮ĹԱ
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һ飬̵ļһˣҪôһƣҪôһЩĻơ
ƴͬ˵̶Ȳͬ
̺ܵʱ̫ҽԺЩ̫ҽѾ鵽ء
²СĻ̫еĶжµһֶѾ뵽ˡ
ͷ̫ҽĳ̾һڻϵɫѾĿˡ
ûа취ӲͷƤ˵š
ĵ˵ͷ
һˣҲǸϽĸ˹ƿһ£Ȼ滭ŵĻƺ̫Ļƣһģһ
ǡ
²
ĻԤʾ̫ĲԽԽˣȻ˵Ļ
һ
Ұɡ
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СѾͷĿɲҪˡ֮ǰȻĺܺãǲòѾüëˣǿûʱȥȱ
ͷˣδһɫѣͷüë˰׵ûʲôѪɫΡΡŹˡ
ʻǰˡ
ãȻ޴գ˫ۣɲ֪˭ѹһ䣬ȫûҵĶ
Щε˹
̾мＸﻹ׵ġ
վһߡ
ʦЩͼо
ǷʦԵĶǿ˳ۣκεʼ
Ȼ˵ĻôʦԼţǺúõһжٵĿԡ
é®СӣΪ˵ķԶ
ѵ˵ĵز̫ΣڵϦҲͱ˷ìܣֻѯʡ
Сiܹѯһĳɷ֣Ǵʦʲôţ
һžƳı裬֮ǰѾ̫ˣ̫һܹš
ԣ
һ˵ҪĿɲЩ
Ҳ֪ЩƵɻĿϷԥš
ֻܹԶˡ
ԶôΣյķʽôܹأɵĸ߰
Ҫ֪̫˵ɲ̫ͬΪѸߵԵʣӵĴҪֻĹķʽĻ
̫ܹѹѹ¾ͳΪ˲мˡ
ԶôĸãŴѧҲףбµĻЩö߸ϣûһҲҷ

̫һݣڵ뷽跨̫Ѹٵѹûκεĸãλʦ㣬Ĵ


370 

˱Ϊ뽹֮С
ԭԲôȥҲš
ϾһֽضǻԸ⿴ģǵȴСѾͷҵжԭ򣬿̫Ѿһغˣ
˵顣
ʦĸԼ׻ĺӣһ·Լ˵Ļе
ɶ
ȷմʦŻȥȴһδ֪ðһ㣬Զ
νģʼ
Ȼ˵ĻϣҪ̫ʧ
˵š
ϵɫѾһУƽѾһб
ɫ˲ĸļȴûж˵
ڲһѰĺʱĬĬĿ϶ţȻŪͷ˿
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η塣
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һ˹һƻ
ոջ鱾תƣһл֮һ
չ̫죬ûиƬ̵и
Ĵͷѯʵ
ôˣ
ֻǾЩϡ޿κεĵ˵ţܹľ󣬶תơ
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ͣ˵ļ
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Ҷ롣
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͵Ӣ벻
ҺúõϢһ¡
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Сi˵ţҫСϻ
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һŵţҲ̫˰ɣȻûлѶʱܹ鶫Եˡ
Сiĵ˵ͷƺΪھ׽Ž飬ԵЩ塣
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ҲΪ˴ԴնԵøӵĳӯСi˵ǸչɫѪҺ
һжϣֻúúõϢһ£˾ܹõڶصĵһʱݡ
Ƶĵ˵ͷ
ɫҲˣúϢ飬ܹȥһ˻ʹܲȡתĻᡣ
Ŀֻǽκġ
Ỻ͵ţǵһĨЦݡ
ͣҲҪúȥϢһˡ
̾һ֮󣬱ֱӵĻصϺúõϢ
ʺޱ߼ʵ˸ţڵҹĻ֮УһĨһĨŨ֮ɫ
һжһֻ˶֪ǣڷƽ˾ҹ֮õֻп籩ꡣ


371 ⶾʱ

㽥Ĵš
ʱ򣬻㱼иооø
ô¡
Сiʱһ˷ܵ˵
ǲ֪㾿˶ٵĸԴʱԴ޵ģһֻһ֣ԾͰѹʣԴˣҲ档
˵Ŀĵģһ佱˼
ҵϵͳֻûҵ
ĳͷ
ûзЩӦôΪá
ǵķ磬Ҳ꣬һĦԵòͬѰ
ѪҺľɷ㶼𣿡
СiϽݵһ֮зݶԺ档
Щݶִı׼
̿Щµݣ΢ĵ˵ͷﰵҡҩõģʵܹ֤̫Ѫѹάһƽ״̬
ͬҽԺֲһ㣬Щصҽƴʩ
ȻЧ
̧ͷ
ĻýһЩ
һĳɷҲȫֽ⿪ˡ
һĶسɷôӵĻѹҪѲٻˡ
ıһУȻ˵ݻĶسɷַĸӣǲеҪػһǡô÷ɷ֣
Ե֮ǽһصĶأһҲӭж⣬˳Ȼ
̶̼ӵʱ䣬رһҽη
ϵͳӦûһЩְɣܹһЩⶾ𣿡
̧ţǵ΢Цûκεֹͣ
⵱Ȼ㹻ġܻһЩĶĶҲӦ
뱾ҪһЩ֮ĶЩҲ̫ͻأˡ
ֻա
ȻĻǾ͸ٻʮŽⶾ衣
Ķɲض˵Ǽҩ裬ܹܺõİ̫ųأǺĵ˵ͷԼⷬá
̲ݻϽ·ֱӵǰţ˻ʹ档
̫޹һ
ֻӵһŮƽ
ҵĺ棬ʲô˵
һҲǵĶ˵ͻˣûϾñĵĻ֮ǰͲýˡ
ƽ˳ĵ˵ͷ⼸ĺ棬ҲǶһЩֻҪܹĻĺģ϶ٲġ
ǲԸĻµȴľֻ
̶һСӱ˽ȥ
Ȼʦͻ˶ڴԱߡ
ôˣСѾͷƭӵģôֹˡ
ʦһŭģ
̧֣ϸĶһ
̶ôҲһҽƼ߳Ҷ˵𾴣ӶңЦеЦ
赭дİ˹ȥ֮дųĵЦ
æźϳ
ʦƢ̫á
̴ŹһĨͬ΢Ц
̶ƢҲ㲻ʲôãֻŻϺ̶̫ʵ̫ˡ
̵һܹͬЩܹбüͷһԶںɫҩ
ҩɢˣŨϢܿЩҪŻ
̶˵ǰҩˮһߡ

̽ԼСҩ衣
ǲһ󵨵ľٶĻ»һת⣬Ҳ̸̶Ҫģֻϣ̫ܹѹ
˵ĺܿ϶ܹͬܵỺ͡
ԥ
֮ǰ̶ʼҽαҽκˣ໼֢ˡ̴ݲȵ̧ͷº
֪Լܹ
ʦҲǺӣҪŭ
֪֪Щʲô飿㲻˾Ψһһ
߶ʮһܹ̫Ѿ𽥵
붼룬֪뿪ʹʱʦ϶ԼţȻ̫ʹĶҩ
Զ
ŶǾͳſ
̶˵ǰڵĽⶾҩ̷̫Ȼˮ¡
ƽһһƿˮСĸ̷̫Ҳǲ
ʵ̫ˣһСĻϾŭ
ȴݲȵüͷŻϣɫᡣ
﷢һ׮־磬˭ųȥ
̣յΪʵ̫ˣһض
ȴݲȵӦ˵Ƕأܹ̫ѹĻ̶һúõģأڲȻ
֮дŨصΣϢ
ԽԽһλʦЩ֣˹ȥ
Ǿ͵ưɡ


372 

˻ǽŵգľսģǣ߶Ĳ˵ա
Ǹոҩ̫û֪̫Ǳ߾ʲô
ҲĿš
ĿеĿ֮£ܹ̫ױһѩףɫ֮ûκεѪɫ
ܹ罥
ˣ
Сߵǰ棬ʱš
̵زͷȥϸĶһ棬ʦ֮УɵĴżֽģ⸱ģʵǺЦĲˡ
һһס
˵ˣЩҵȷζ⣬ڿȷҪġ
͵Ĳӣͬ罥ǡõĻġ
ʦĺһʶԼ϶Ǵ
Ƕû뵽ǣ̫󻺻˫ֲۣҰף֮ϴűɣʹࡣ
ĸˣ
֮˷ܵģϽԸѾ߹ŮǹУ̣һԵ̫ҽǶ档
ǿûпģ
Եη壬ֱλε̫
̫ɻ岻
ҲϽѯһȷûʲô֮΢һ
Ժ;ÿڸģʱĳ˯ꤵģ죬ȴһ仰˵
ƽȥһļȻڼСףɼࡣ
ķԸţ̫ҲǶ¶һĨмЦݡ
֮ǰһܵ˲ԾԸԼĸҪһȥ̡
ȻҲΪԼʱ֮иſеĹâĳ˵ͷ
Ͽ̫ѵģеһʯͷҲˡ
⡭
̵һڹɵĻ»̫顣
ǧһߵʦԵóˡ
ô뵽Сײģܹ̫жˡ
ЦЦ
⸱ģͬʱĹһĨ͵Цݡ
֮ǰʦ˵ЩҿǻǼǵõģڿӮˡ
̫һЩ򵥵ʳƷٶȵ˯ȥ
֮ǰ̼һȷһ΢һ
£ڲʧĹڹ档
ǵֻˣϻв˵һ仰ʦ
ʦĬŵһǹһĨ㡣
ȷˣϽĹȥֵ̿˵Ϊʲôʱû뵽ȻվտȻܹҽ̫󡣡
֮лŨա
İѻ֮еصһ֡
Ȼ˼ϱԼ˼ǹȵʱܹҽ̫
һж޻̸֮ҲһҽΣֻҪ渵ġ
¶˻ֵ̿ı飬ǴɭżȻС¹
ж̫⣬˵ʱΣһжҪСĽҲ֪ģ̶һηЩʱ򣬱̫˱ҩô̶ܹһƬĹأ
һʵʵݼ΢΢ĹԼۿתܹ׹ᣬҼġ
ʦʱ䣬һ仰˵ˡ
ҲܹһƬģûʱ漤ҵչ˵Ļ¡
֮ϸֳĿ⡣
Ȼûпޣܹıʹ
ڻϵϡһӦţʦܹˡ
ҲŶ룬ҹһǳɫ·ԵľʣѾֱӲһֱߡ
ʣ֮ǰȥѾǸʦıлʺĻƲ
ʦ˻ϽĹһ࣬æذ˰֣ҪͻʺƲϵ
ү΢ֻΪյľΣȻʧ󣬵һֱΪ̫İΣ룬ֺαˣ
̶û뵽ˡ
Ȼͻʺϵ
һ뵽Ŀһߵһߡ
һĿ
ͬĿ˵ĺ
֮ǰ飬̶κεϸڶŹ׷ʺ˽ţѾܹ˵һС
ͬóļšݽ˻ϡ
䲻֪дʲôܹϵɫԽԽ˵ǰ⼸ĵϡ
Ĳ豭Ѿڵϡ
ˣѾᣬû뵽ⶾĳĸ˾Ȼĺ
ŭɽߣͬŭ
Хˡ
Ҳʼ
𽥽⿪ˡ


373 ʺ

Ϊϵŭ˾㡣
΢شͷϸĶһӰӣ಻ظ
һס֣ʮָһѯʵ
̶ڵЩʲô𣿡
Ļ˵ϣֻ̫ͻȻϺͻʺ֮䷢ìܡ
΢ɲһ顣˵زö֪
ʵүҲʹġ
̧ͷϸĶ˼ܹǰ֮ϣŵĮ
òһ㣬һжһΣһĲʵ罥Ĵ
ܸһָĮӸС
̴µͷ­ϸĵһ¡
ʺ顭
ȴԸ϶¹֮£˶Ϊ˶øӳĬ
ȻҵԤȷģү㲻Ըἰ⻰Ļ̿ɬһЦ̶ҲԸһ϶һжү˼á
罥ĴţֻҹС¥ֶ硣
Į
֮лһĮ
ס֣ܹű˴˵ůغϡ
غ֮ĹӰ
֮ǰʱڣǵͳĴµͶ룬ûж˵κεһ仰
ֻ˵
ҲӲĻȡ
ʵһ֪ʶоеѾڡ
һҲ˵˵һĸ÷ͬһֶء
ŵĽһУʵԶпᣬԶۼ
ѵԳ˵̶ҪطĿţһб֪ģҲ֪Щ
鶼ǰ϶ģ֮ǰس˿һ¶ĺۼһ
һж˾㡣
һˮģĲĳʹš
ôܹԼˣӱ֮ǰʹࣿ
Ѿȥ
Ҫȥٽһ飬ȴܵĸԼͷĴݳ
̶ҪƭһУЩ飬Ѿװס
һ䶾÷ƺûϵֶȴͬһʦүģ߻ϵ
ֻУںʹ÷÷֮󣬲ĴӦһ
ҡ
̲סᡣ
Ϊһʱ䷢ЩЩʧүЩ
Ȼ˵ͻʺû̫ĸ顣
ǷԼԱߵ˺Լĸףʹ˽ܡ
һжǻʺģѾ˻ʺܱӦʱ̣һжõġ
ֻܹİοȻҲס
ʺһжӦá
ɫ֮ǰȣѾԲ
̽ס˫ֺ֮ǰȡ
һǰһ˫ֽ롣
֮ǰүôã֮ǰʱҲһֱүΪҵһǲĻүܷԣ
ǳǳ¶һĨǽε΢Ц͵Ĳӣƺڶش
һСһЩĻǲһж᲻ͬѰ
̫ĹٶȵһƬصʱ򣬻һвͬ
ʺնϢ˴ϱ
̰һɩ澲Ʒζͣȴû뵽ܵϢ
໨ɵӹճ䵭Ϣ
Ķȴûκεͣ٣ֻӻϢ䲼
ɫûκεı仯
乬ûκεϢ
׼ȷ˵ûκεĲܹ˾òͬѰ
ƿţܹĻҳ
Ŵǣȴûκ΢ЦĻȣΪ罥ļȡ
ǰֻ˳һзĻʺ
֮ǰȸӵĲɣûκһطǺõģܹڣǲ˺ۡ
û뵽㡣
Ʋȥ֮ǰ侲𾴵һһĸ󶼲ԸǵĻǡô
Į
ʺηĿ
û뵽㵹ǷˣȲ춼ڲӦøĺһЩǷһ÷֮Ĺ
ƵЦЦ
նҿ̫ĴˣҲĸģ㣬Ҳ֪ʲôĴ
ʺЦЦ̫˵ģ˵̫Ļ
Ŀ֮дų
Ҫ֪н֮ǰ֮졣
ˣںһЩʲôأֳֻĸףĹıĴλãѾϳˡ
ЦЦ
Ŀ⾡ǲΪ⡣
ʺ˼³ʺɫѪδ뵽Լһ̽䣬䡣
Ѿٶ޷ˡ


374 ̫͸¶Ϣ

ɢһɳˮϢں֮һϢѾʧˡ
̴üͷվ̫ż
̫ѣʱ㲻ϳѾļƻһ̫
̫󿴵飬ֻͷЦЩ
ҪѾͷĻ°Ҫһغˡ
ͭеԼͬʱҲͭе̫赭дİ̫һԴ֬ˮ۵ױ
֮ǰȻͬ
ڵһˮܽصķһµĴĥ
á̫ͭеԼ˼̾һ
ʱѾ֮ˣҪԼ빬ӣǴĺʮ֡
ҲӦ֪ģܷܷѾͷеĶҲǱһ˲Ĳ˳ǻʺġ
˵̫ɫûз̫ı仯ֻĸ̵İָ
ЦЦ̡
İĻ鶼ߵһֲ֮ϣһϰһǶл㡣
Ҳûʲôֻ̫ȻΣ֮ǰ̶ֵĻô׶һṼ̫Ρ
֮һһ˵ţ֮͡
ҵʲôأ
̫΢ɲ̾Ϣһ·ҲΪһøӵĳĬ
̫Ѿͬˡ
Щ鱾ҸΪϲеϲߣСѾͷǻѵһж֪
̫޿κεĻͷһԴǵ̡
Ȼš
ҲΪһʢ飬˵ĪĶ˶١
һӣ˸ӵġ
޿κεĴӡòһ㣬ʱΪĻɡ
֮ƮɢˮϢ
Ȼ֪Ļٶ˵˵Ҹ˵һ˵
̫ջȻ򣬻˻֣ƽһԶһС̣֮䡣
̳չ¶һ΢Ц֮󣬱ᳵ·ؽӹ˹̣һƻ̫ߡ
֮ǰһֱܷܷжǺʫйϵڿȻ
һƻĺһг
ʫֻǸϲ̨СѾͷѣЩ뷨Ҷˡ
ЩС˼СС֣ɻʺͲһˣôǾ˹ķˡ
΢΢ĳĵĿ̡
ԽԽ⣬Ѿͷ˿ɲһ
ܹƵϴ֡
ϱе֮˳۵һ
̫˼ĸ
Ķȣ޲󣬸ǣһԵ֣С˹һʱҲĸпһ
ֻ롭ΪһˣҲҪúõİķ̫ЦǺǵļ磬֮еĺһš
ĸǸŮ
ȴԸ϶ᣬֻǲݲݵİ黭һ㣬ֳ˿ģ
̫ĸĸһֻǹŴǣû˵ĻһԲԱ߳ˮ
ԹɣҲ˵ġ
㵹ǺСŮ̫һŮҪ֪ҲԸٶʲô飬ҪһָƢ
һЦǲ֪Ψһ֪ǲܹӳ
ְ̫õЦǺǵģ̫ϲǿҪ֮Լһȥ硣
һǷԡ
ϾȥɢɢҲĽΪһ൱õ΢Ц
ã˵ѾͷԸŰңѾܿˡ
̫󲻴ͳͬѪҺĺ챦ʯεĿϡ
֮ǰҿͶ֣ÿĲˡ
Ỻ͵ЦЦǹյĻ൱ͬգգ۾˼İȥ
ʱҲԸᡣ
ڵҹĻڵա
ʫմߵ˵εʱȴֵġ
񛿣
ϸĴһȴѾʧˡ
أ
ܻ
ʫ뵽ȷʵʧ
СشһֱӦˮѾˡ
ѵ˰ˣ
ȻһٴһֱӦפһˡ
֮һѪҺζ
⣡
ﰵľսеûˡ
һ
˭ôı£Ȼҵǰ˸ˡ
ҧгݡ
ʫʵߵˮ棬ϸĿ˿ûзĶֻһĺӡ
ȷӲ֮С
ýż֡
ˡ


375 

¾õϢɢռ֮С
ɫȴΪ
ү
ʹʵ̫ˣϸĵľʱĲ롣
̶Ҫ̫⣬ҲҪ̫ġ
ӣľ񣬸ո˵ľһܹĽëıˡ
˵ס֡
ǻǻᵣү
˵زҲױ˴˵ĵĺ;Ϊʲô顣
ļʲô飬һֱӵİԼĻ
̶
ڡ
ʩչṦʱĶȵֻŲĶҡ̧ܹȥ
̴ݲȵرţϸĵȴġ
һеľڶתš
羲ĴӣȴܵԼİ˵ıʹ
ͬˮһӿȡ
ЩĮ
ȥһط
ĽŲûκεֹͣŲҶ紵ںһ
Ѿ׵ˣֻܸܵ˴˽һĺ
Ҳ֪˶ãֻܹһССıڱ߽ͦš
ܹĺܺã̰ɫứˢţԺԱһؾһصʻڷš
ԵЩ졣

ãȻ޴ɢûзʲôͬγɵģܹɫˡ
ٶ̧ͷʱ֮ǰѾɢˣ˵һ仰
̶ҿɡ
ĵͷץסľ׳ͷʱŶ룬һľͺͨСˮС
ܹŵԱ߸߸ߵţһҲһһһӣĮͬŮһ㣬뼸һģһ
ѩ
˵ͷֱ۲ţЩ
һֱӵһСˮСңϣĲں󹬵·׷֮Уû˻Ź˵ᣬƺƮɢһӵ룬ҪκεٻֻҪһһһ˫ˣǸǴˡ
䣬һ˿С̷ܹ֮пĲĲԼԥ
һеһж⿴䵭֮ϡ
ǰ߳һϸ̧ͷòͬŮһŮӣдеǶľη
̫ÿˡ
˸֪̾Լܹ˵ĻĿ˿ͷ˵
˵ҲӦýһĸѾȥЩ˵үڹúܺã֮ǰ¶ǻʺģҲ֪ϱ⡣
촽ԵЩţܹӻ䵭֮жʡ
ԸӵĽš
ֻһߵ˵ָȻȥ˾ͷĵĵⷿﻹ˻죬֣ء
ǺТĸôõίڲϴԩĸףҲĿ
Ȼݲȵ˵šֻ֮Żıˡ
ǰһӼ̨ӵĳͳ˼㡣
Ƕ˵Ĳ嵽¯֮ϣ΢һ·Լڵõ˼񻪡
鲻Խ̧ͷĿ⣬룬үôĥļıš
Ķ֤еĲѽȻԽʢ
̸ĺҲ編ƣһѵסм㣬֮һɳϢ
졣
ĸҪҶһֱүߣһϸϱ
߶߶˵˺ܶ࣬ЦݣۣƺվǰĲһһˡ
뿴һ棬ԼҲܰԲ֮С
ˡ
֮ǰڷѩ֮µƺһжһԲ³
еһᡣ
뿴һܰĳԼеһͱ⿪
ܹܵϵı仯ʣ֮ǰͬѰĸܣס֡
˵ĻǼٻү־ء̶һֱүԣүġ
£財
ֻǹִҡҡͷȻĥǷסֵĶǿҡ
ӡķζӦǣߣԣΪڷ絲꣬һҲҪٺˣҵ˼Ѿ
֮дŲοɷĿ϶ĵͷȻ̵Ĵꡣ
бϸꡣһжͬĻʱʱչ
ʱʱĻмģΪΪ࣬·˵һ̾㡣


376 ƻ

һϲҳ
罥Ĵš
Ϲûôˣ绺Ĵŵһš
Ϲ課ԼֳĲԾģĿϸĶһЩΪ⡣
ڵĸʲôǰѾӦֳȥ𣿡
ɵ˵š
Ϲ誵ҲЩʲôԼҵıϲͿȥЩ֬ˮĶֻ˶ѡ
ϲʲôȥЩʲôϹټҡ쵱ַ
̵ѾչĲˣĶҶٹ֡
ϹĮĲӣѼֱֽߡ
һۣһֽдøֻ鱩ꡣ
磿ҲǷ˰ɣȻҺһ
廹ϵˣɲҪˣ֮ǰȻ㡣Ϲûκģ˵ţͬǳӦԡ
Ϲ誼ҪըˣһǧӣٺǸŮκεľ
ֳǲ֮ǰ¶飡
ҲЩǵõȻҲǼǵΪȫӺ˽ס
Ϲ侲Ĳ˵š
Ķûκεľڣһ·Ĳˮֱߡ
ϹȴûκƷ˼ԽԽǱ꣬ƾʲô͵ȥ̺
磬⾿˭˼
һ˵˼ҲôΪġ
֮л֢״Ϲ褵ţְһӾµŷ˳Ŷҵһʮõ廨Ļơ
Ϲ調һۣ¹׶Եд˵͸֤ˡ
ʲôø׶ôۣ
Ϲ誾Ͳˣ̿ǸȻ֪ŮϲĻױƷǺҪǲ̫Ը
˵֮ǰͼ顣
û˺˵ǿ϶ͬġ
ûؾءϹҲûκεã鶼Ѿиˣ˼ͻֽӵ飬Ҳ档
Ϲ誺ٺһЦѾ޷ˡ
Ǿ͵úõͶɡ
յϹټеŷд¾㡣
ĵǾú˼Ϲ褿ޱȵĮ֮ͬҲٷְ٣ּȴͬŮһĴһַȸС
дʲô
˺Ƴɵĸ㣬ɫݳһСɽһ㡣
ֵĳһۺɫСӣص˵ͷȻصƿ
֮ǰʱϹ課ֿҲǲеңһʽףȻ˳õ˼̵ʹȨ
ӨӨü˵ʲôʱʱܹȥһ̵Ŀչ
뺬Цص˵ͷ
ҪЩʲôĻ;ȥɣ󱣻㣬ҲΡ
˵һʱɫͬһ㡣
Ҳ˵ͷжٲΪȻֻЯĶҩҲһЩ
Ȼ֪үڵĻҾǸ첻µزµˣֻҲСĽһ㣬ɲΪЩиˡ
ϸؾ׽һ֮еζγֲΪسչ¶һЦݡ
ɫСԲĹĵĴ׹
Ҳǳĵ˵ı
ҲֻΪ㣬ҲŻȥ֮ǰҲһ㣬ͶŲһ֣أԣõ
ĵ˵ͷ
һŵﶼ̤ʵˡ
ҪϹټҵֵܾܹεĵزҪôء
Ϲ褾ҪЩʲô֪Ϲ誾ûץסᣬ϶Ҫ֮ǰծֻ
˭䣿˭Ӯ˵ء
ͬҲģԼʲô
ţȻдһţּԼһޣֻΪϬ
ϹյŵʱҲɫһһ׵ġ
СѾͷӻе󣬾ȻдﰵҵĲҵ
Ϲ誶е㲻졣
ûа취Ϲ褰Ϣֲ֮󣬱ƨˣҲ֪ʲô飬͵͵뿪⡣
һ뵽޿κεƲƲͣǸ
Լ۵ʱ䣬¸µĳһ
ʱ仹磬ҲлܹúõĲ߻һ
̣ѵ㻹ΪǮô׬ЦЦ
ֻϸϸһüĿ
ԸһСĽɵôͷĺúüƻһʲôȻˡ


377 ִ

˵֮ǰǿ籩б£ܸҴЩĿĻھͬ´á
һжΪøӵ΢
̺ҲΪ֮ǰŵ־ͣ
̫ĲҲǳ׵ĺˣˮһʹͷӿ
ȱǮĲֿѾԲЩǲû˾Щ⡣
ȥĻҪһЩطЩ鱦޶ϲ֪Ҫõ²ܹꡣ
˼ĸ̾һЩ̫Ҫ
鱦֮Խţ˸ӶЩ
ǮƲĶһδǮǮӣҪ顣
ЦЦȻЩʯʲôĶܺÿǾĿģԼߵһλĹӡ
뷢ڶԼĿţɵЩЦ
ҵʲô
ʲôûСЦĽֻǾүܺÿ࿴Ҳ塣
һ˵Ĵŷִ硣
СѾͷ˵ǲϵġ
ǵȻϾүôɫɲ͵ġ̶˵Щѵʲô뱻˿ү뷨϶һˣֻұȽϸ˵ѡ
˵Ļǻ֮ĴŴŰĹâ벻۾ͬʯ
űİЩãϸһ־һЩҩĸʹȥ
ֻʱҲжҰɡ
ĵһӸȻ˴ȵ¶Ⱥ֮ķĴߡ
ĺһִۣӵ¡
ʱȻǲ̫̫ƽġϾֹ顭̶ҲԸ˵
Ȼν
ЩҪ֪ĻȻ߸ͺˡ
˻¶۵ЦݣЦų˵Ĺâ
ʺһɵڸܵʵã˵˺ºͻʺκεĹϵֻ̫ӵĴλûûзκεĶҡ
˼ĵ˵ͷҲۣ˵š
̫ӵݲκεı仯ĻǻʺжɽĻᡣ
ʺȻնǺͬѪˣһ뷨
նҪŻϻ뷨
ɣ֮黹ת
붣һҲԸ϶ľ黹нչ
Ҳ
ʵӦӦòϽȥġ
̵˵ͷû뵽˻ûжѾڵˡ
ʫʱҧгݡ
û뵽»˵ĺ֮ͬ顣
̲ԵĿգգ۾ȷԼûп
ôĹѵʲô飿
òԵĺһֱǱرġ
ʫԽǻ𼱻ǣԽǴݲȣֶԱҲԽñ˾֮֮
ϲּġ
ʫɴ˫ۣһŵĿˡ
үã˻ǺúݵֶΣȻҵҵ˸ˡ
ҪûôҪ֮ǰŻûн⿪Ӳš
ôܹ˵߾أ
ˬ̺Ҳ¾ãɪ÷Χ
ĳѾ㹻˲ˣȺɫ·ת˾κˡ
һҪһ˵ҿɲôױǺŪġ
ݲȵƷһϺõǰ
֪պγԣʲôҶס
ӵ飬˵ûйϵʫǲмطһۣ֮赭дĹŴǣ˵һкǶûκεĹϵ
̣
ľԼԩѣˮ۾ɢĹ⻷
ⶼʱæżȥʹ̫ⶾСأҲ֪ģôƾˣ
ⶼ顣
ʫͻੲݣҲͷѹң񛿿Ҳǽߵİɡ
òһ֡
ǡ
ȴڲյ֮»سֻ΢΢ǰһ
һжǱ˵ģ񛿵ɺͱûκεĹϵҲҪ䡣
̾ʲô飿
һ䣬Ҫѯʣȴڲһõʱֻʾš
үôҲһҵˣȻҳˣһ㣬ﻹһס
ʫѵõԵЩ⡣
ôȻô̹̹İ඼߸ˡ
ô²ȴ֪˵


378 

պ֮ǰһ˲ľͽ
̸оԼ֮ΪԺһˡ
ʫģ֪Ӧδ
밴˵ô׵ľͳһС
˵ôʲô˼ѵүǸúŪ۲ֺαٴȡЦҡ
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䲻֪˺¡뾿ţŴ˻üĿ΢΢Ĵ
䲻֪ʲô飬үʽ䣬п϶ʲô顭
Ŵ˻Ҳһ֡
ЩþͲҪ룬ŵ̵ĹرֻǵõǱߵ˵аȫֹͣ
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ҿ֪ģҹҪ˵ʲô˵ʲôʲôΪȥӶҶԹƽ𣿡
Ͼɱ仰Ӳ
ĵ̧üͷϸĴһ۹ͬ
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ˣ赭дʵ侲
ʫȴ׵ģΪη壬ǰһ¡
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ҪΪһ㡣ץסģǱҲˣҿɲʲô
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û뵽Է֮ס֣
ſҡʫ˼úţôû뵽ԼʯͷԼĽţкƣɲҪˣҺ滹ڸĸ黹үУ㾿ҲҶ֣
ʫĿš˵еһڶ泩˳
ڻָҪ̰飬Ǵʱ
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У
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Ŵ˻Ķ֮ǰȸӵʹķʽзִ磬ܹܵʹϵļ
㵽ʱ򾡹ɸȥ飬һʲôڲ˻⣬˺ۣܹңҾԻ㸺𡣡
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ʲôң̺һ֣鶼Ҫ֤ݣȻĻſڴƻ˭ᣬҪľʲôίڽϣ̫ί
ʫһҪҧˡ
ԭſڵȴ˹ˣ̫ءҲ顣
һ˺۶ûУ˵ȥ˭Ű
һŵֱҪȥֱӵİеһʲȥ
ȻҲǽ⡣
񛿣صȥˡ
ҡҡͷ֪ˡ
ѷţͬɽһ㣬⸱ģ˾ûκεĹϵ
ʲô䲻ö֪Ψһܹȷûаϵ
̴ݲȵ˵ţһŵСͬν
ʫһʼʲȥ
¶Ҫ֤ݵģ㣬ô϶µ˾ܵߣ˶֪ϵӡ̲ԥؽԼϵĳ֮ϡ
ͬʯһ˸
ʫܹж˼ֲмζģüҸ߰ˡ
Ȼ֤ݵģֳܵһӣ񛿵ּǺӵǵĶ
ʫķԸˣǸĴӸ˳
üĿ֮żį΢Цƺڳ̵ĲĿ
·˵Ҳн졣


379 Ӧ

Ĵ䣬ǸҲ𽥵ӳǵܹµ滨ճľģ
ȴû￴ϸĵһдŵּȷǿ¡
Ҳ˽񛿣ҲԼôӵģѪˡ
ʫȻ׼Լؿһɫּۣдĺ񛿵ġ
ּּһģһ
ֻܹ˵пԣܹҵģԼĴʦĻܹдһģһּ
֪˵棬ʮİվһ塣
ݲȵȥֶӣϸĴһ
ֵ˵ȷӡһµĻƣ⻨˸ÿһүĻơ
öӦľġ
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ΪүĴȵĻ£϶յ̫ˣµڡ
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ѵҲֵȥðôķգ˶Ŀ
̻ǲΪ֮гĽӲͬ

¶΢ЦȴĸгȻ˱൱ľ룬ǲòֵĺܺá
ڵһжΪǵһ̸
ȻҲں澿ΪʲôԼҪ»ù
ɡ
뻺Ľҿյס
ʵȻҲɣ񛿲ӦϹټҵˡ
˻һ˶ŶԷֳ˲š


380 ⿪

ôӣô黹漰Ϲټң
Ŵ˻΢΢һ㶣ῴӲû뵽ǰ˾Ȼ֮ǰݽϵˡ
𣿡
˫ɵôģҲû뵽ԼԶżŹϵ
һ¶ֳ˵ĻܾҪڻĽҰ
Ҳ˵úã縸һֱֳ׿
һпģ
Ŵ˻޿κεıֳˣ·΢ӣϸĴһ
ͷ
ȻҲףǾԲƭģǾЩ΢ѵⷬ硣
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үɲϺҿЦϹټһԺգٺͳ͢Ҳжš
ͬǷӦһŵģ
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š
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Ȼ֮ǰԴɣѵõǲƣ£һбľ֮£˾㡣
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ЦЦЦЦﻹŶɫʺ׻ƵĶ񣬰״ִֵëɵſˡ
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˳ȻȻס֣ͦúֱɫ¶ʫһĹʡ
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˵ţ峺۾ҳϵ΢Цš
ֱܷܷģϽ˵˵ڻû飬ǧҪһһ˵ĽţҪǱȥˣ»Ҫһعأظ
ŵ˵ţЩпаͰ͵ģĴһԴתţϣҵɡ
Ͻ
֮ǰƼǧģڲòϣǶԽĪеĿ־塣
ʱԲõģ˯õġ
򺮿һݿ־ģЩۣԲ֪ʲô飬º͵ĴѾա
ʱԼĶ˼ҪӵĿ죬΢΢̧Լļ򣬱Ųš
ܷܷεس鴤Ŵǣֻܸܵº͵ĹԼԽԽԶ
ãôͶͲˡ
Ŀʹࡣ
ı飬˺һ
ܷܷίȴֲ֪ôȥ˵ԼеĲƽ
ĿȴĬ
ҡ
ܷܷ޹Ĵȴֲ֪Ǻá


381 ǰ־֢

СδδһΣŮ¡
´Ůͽɫȹǰ̰̾ԼŮ۹ȹԵû仨ѷ͹ķ飬ףͷһֻ
ױ̨ƾִ磬ػ߷Ф٣ڶһ˿Ȼڼͷ鶯ѡ֮ǰͳʩ֬ۺüӣϷɫ󣬺ȹɫӦơ
̧ͷϸĹһ
û뵽Ůͬһ˹ܷܷɫۿɼٶȿ
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Ǿﲻ𣿻ʲôԭ򣬿ɫһ㲻̫á
طһܹŮĿ֮еĳ
ܷܷЩ̧ͷܹ̽绪ģаԸ̾ԼĲʱ
ǲ˼̫㽣оǴ˽һ⡣
̧ͷܰ־
Ȼ֪룬΢˵ľ룬Ըƽϲʳ
õ廨ŵӵԱߡ
ܷܷ߲Ӧ㣬Źģ΢ɲطһĨЦ⣬кǸл
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Ŵ˻
ܷܷЩ˵˼æĶ㿪
վĴŵһƷɶ˻֦Űٻɵĳȹ涼˲ٵǱ
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ܷܷԴ˵žаɫƴӡˡ
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Цš
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ɫֱӵİת˹ȥ
տʢװϯģ֪ѵʲôҪȥһأ
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ʵҺүա
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ġ˵ʵڵĻһֱĽ㣬ү֮ĸûκܹ֣ġ
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գգ۾΢΢ҡҡͷ
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ܷܷ޼ɵĻŻĻðӦһģĳ̶ֳϣǲԺĻҸġ
ʵһжҡ
һ˫ڰ׷۾˸̽Ĺâ
ܷܷϸϸ룬óһ㣬ϲ򺮣оԥԺ滹һ˫徲ա
˵˵ĺ֮ǰһֻпֻĻҵǾܷܷҽŻææģ͹ңѵб𣿡
һѪ
˵ֻܺͣĿ֮дЩĳ־
ܷܷһ뵽ӵΣʵ̫ˣԼҳߡײҪ¡
ֱһ룬ʱɫĲӵģ
򺮲ǳ
ʲô߸ң֮ĻҾдһŸ翴϶ҵŵģҲҪ¡
̿ͬɫһģҧҧףºѼнȥ΢΢Ķļ
ܷܷԵø޴룬ʶĺһڹ̵ĲˮһԲ
⻰Ҫ˵Ҳ˵


382 

ջŮ֧֧˵Ϊ˽β
ܷܷŴһ޹ͬʱҲһϻԸ˵
ȥˡ
Ȼˣǰ⸱εĶģ߸˾ĸˣǺָֻܹ֪Ȼ
̿һǰģ̧ܲܵͷûж˵Ļ
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һ˫ҫ֮УȻͳŹԡ
ܷܷԴ˵ʵյӣҲԸٿ϶ᣬֻеĹһĨ㡣
ȻĻվؽү֮ǰܹԶԶۡ
˵ţл̵̻š
ỺͣĿ֮Դ˸ģҲǳЦЦ
ҲһĽİģҪҲҪ£ʼǻģһƽģȥԾͺˡ
յǺãСĴµ˾ûͣ¡
ͬ˿һĴϸɢ˵ϣһĴС
ԼŽӦóȥΣǿҲᷢ仯
ֻܹձõĽ̤Ķһһɺá
뿴⸱ģΪԴ뷨
̶Ϊ𣿡

̲Եգգ۾հı㵱ŵһߡ
áԳȥֻܹˣҲûа취顣
ͬˮһű¡
ȴνģʼŷӦ飬û̫ļƽϡ֮ͬҫһģҿı㵱ĺӡ
Ȼ˵үһӣӦǸõļյģǻ಻С꣬ǲ˿һԼĶ
Ļϲƿ˺ӣܹᵽ
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üϸһܹССĺ棬һһѣɫĲǶСݣĻÿһռ档
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̿ǻ˺ôһݹŰԼǴＹŹǣŶ֮ĶһССĺװ
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˵ĺģʵȷˣôССĺڷȫĶ
ͻȻЦһ¡
֪ˣ֮ǰǼҲͳһģȫͶŻױƷȻҲǰĻȥصĲͬרŵЩС㵱ƽյʹãҼ۸񲻹Ҳࡣ
ǰ°Ǿ׼С㵱ֶʳֻ֮û뵽룬ŷ뷨
ʯ֮䣬˼ͬ嫺ŷסڵĽͲˡ
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һڣԷķȸ˵˵ζҲܺá
үҲÿԵĻ
΢գգԼ۾Ļһ
ľȻ˵ôҪʱ̱ڴС㵱ˣɵƮҡ
һ¶Եӳ֮£ԵĲͬѰ
סգֵĸţӣС죬ˮһ
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ڻһӾǺǻ
ʱǲǲ̫ó֮϶թϣȻʺһѾϢˣ˶񡣡
ڵЩ
ȴܲ¡
Լ뷨ҲкܴĿԣܹ֤Լչ˺ӡ
ҿ϶ܹģúõľ͹һ㣬̶ҪԴ̫ġ
Щ֮ıȷҲһϹ¶ͬƼƮ
˼ȴܹܵ׳ϢԼԽԽ
ڿ֮ɢŵĲ̼֣Ȼ޹²ݵϢϤķݵ
סң¶һĨ΢Цİɣɫҵطǰ
̶ΪҾŵġĿһֱš
ȵϢ޼ɵɢԼ֮УܹһϢĵֿ
ҡ
ôİ⣬Լ޷롣
һĬķʽĬĬĽϢ޼ɵıŷ
ҲһֻõҡҷƺҲΪǶơ
һоڲС


383 ƺ

ա
ܹ֮һһƬ֮ϡ
ҡڵǵĻġ
̸һܹݲȵŪһֽ
ֽ̫ᱡƺͲӵķ綼пܰơ
ʲôôүģôʲô飿
տǹݵʱ򣬴ɲ֮硣
̲ɵöһֽдһЩ棬дԼƮҡſĲ̫
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384 

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385 ı

ܹᡣ
ЦЦǻЦƺЩЦƺͻЦݣϸ
ֺγԣһֱĴж֪ĻҲûؼԲĻᣬ飬һֱĻм
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386 

˵˼˷Ȼ˼죬ͬʱᶨѾֵó
үյɽˮֻ˵㻰ĻҲͿ๦ߡ
µĴųֻȻȥڴˮ֮жһĨɫ
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387 

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̶һһİЩΪҪ黹ǰ档
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ССĿһЦ⻰㻹ǻ˵Ȼ˵ĻЦҲ㿪


388  

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̶˵ֱӵĵֱ֣һƣһſʵϡ
أ컯֮㻹ҺΪĿϾʱɵþЩЦϹ誣ҵȷ㣬ֻӦкõļ¶ѣʧȥʵļͥ㻹Ǹʲô𣿡
Ϲ誱ֱӵشԼ㣬Ե÷߷߲ƽʲô˵
ȷҲԼʧȥҵļͥĻǸʲô
ûܹ𰸡


389  

Ƿ⣬Ȼһء
һģ۵һֵزԥץסˡ
Ŀ⣬Ťתš
˵һֵزһء
̽ץס䣬ʱ򣬰͸һзĵš
Ϲû˼ȻڻҪ뷽跨ĹʣֻܹĶҲûʲô
ϹЩʵ̫СˣȫԸ֣ںЩҲܲϣЩܹġ
ǶĶΪ⣬ϻģΪԭЩʲôĻҲᡭ渵ѽϷ飬ͬ˵һ顣
ҹˣ¨ϸˮڸ輧תļ
ੲݵ䣬ںͽͷĸҥ֮ںһĸͷ
Щ齻ҾͺˣȻǲ⡣
ϵĵµͷ­ܹ΢ɲ˺ۣһһ˶ļ֮ϣ̾Ϣһ
ûоﲻպǴģǲ㣿
һڱоӨ͸ǳҫ޶˾һĨϮ
ΣϸĶһԽǿԽǾԼ飬ܹ顣
Ͼͻһ̡
ĻҲΪɵ˵ĺ棬ģϹֻҪ˺ĻҾͻܵһеĳͷ㶼ҵ̶
ӵİԵԲе뷨ֻͣижһһӿ䲻֪νͣǲòϡ
ÿԵޱȵĹ⻷ܻĵõ㺡
̶ֻ֪Ҫүڣһ鶼ʲô¡
̲ΪԼļϹ֮ǰ˺֮СذԼļãװá
Ų˵ġ
ȴǼϸĵķЩ
΢ɲ̾Ϣһץס֡
ΣҪߵһ·İ·ǰ
뽥дˣϸĶһ
һ黪Ρ滨ѩһȾѪĳǻתɢ޿ءѪɫӿ
ÿᵽζ糾ϯһĵļį
֮ȴḡֳį˼ޱȵۡ
Ǿ𣿡
ѯһƺ룬̵Цʵ̫͡
Щ񲻰̾ϢһһĶش١
İƮ˹ȷǸоһЩƣǸоһȡ
ôʱ䣬ոһҹһҹȷܵԼı΢
ϹܹޱȰԵİǮֱӵİ֮ϡ
вʡ
̴һ
뵣ǵĿ˵ͰԼĻһԵĹ˸С
λ˲ԸٵľΣˡ
ʱ紿Ž˳̵ͷնҶɫˮӳֱߵĴǣƹס޳֣ܵůЩġ
ƺѾﰮ˵ɻ󣬼˿΢׹Ƶ࣬ȹϼ§ס޹ǵϸԽ̲סҪռ
֪̾ǴӺʱʼֻҪ;ȫ޷ֵȫûа취Ķǵ
Եֵջǧнһ˶ռâĴڴЦ˿ҷס°ڣֻնֻԸϽ񳯡
룬ǲǱˡ
뵱Ȼ֪Ҫˣ⳯ôϴѲ֪н˶꣬ʦһĲǶٴȨķӿͰ׹ǿٰʱǹϸպãΣ¥ҡҡ׹Կ֣ǳ֮¾֮һ
ֻЩòҪȥ߸̡
ЩҪֻ֪ҪﰲЩʲôЩʲôòã
ҡԼļܹĸ飬ȥϰ֣ô
ү֮ǰ˵ˣһ·İ·ĻߵģҲԸ⿴һȥһ·ǻǶһ𡣡
Ưϡϡسȥ
һյµƵĻܻһִĿĵı֮УѾߵز
̴ϲ֪ôнܹߵһȷ·
ӵţƺҪ뵽ԼĹ֮УֻܸоһжʵĴš
̶ܹ͹ˣʲô


390  ̫

ʹ
ƺǲ̫ģƮʹϸĻ֮ϡ
̫ɫԴƣŻϣһЦƺƮҡ֮ʱһС
ʶʵ߰ң㾿뷨ҪЩʲôҶѾ㾿һЩֻΪЩʲô顣
ЦЦѵõشЩƮ롣
ܹϸķҡҷ
Ļϣøظ߰ңⲻһʲôܺõľ
ȻôŵģǻҪٵȡ
ҲԼ뷨
ڻʺѾ̨ˡһ˵̫ȻõЩĿοģ̾һ֮󣬽ס֣㲻һʲô£ǣȻӵĻҲԼ뷨ôĻҶ֧㡣
һѪŨˮġ
Լ뷨ֹ
ʱҲ̫ãҿرۣôæҲǷָﱲȥĴ󵨵ȥЩͺˣ飬˭ȥ˭á
ֹĵ˵ͷ̫ԥԥ֮Ȼ˼·Ҳ֪ʵ֡
ʵҲûãѻλ˭ϲ֮еϲߣֻ㡭ƺһҹ֮˥ϵࡣܹҡż
ƺ˶֮ʵɱ⡣
⼸ѽ˾òġޣ֪ôȥѰҡ
룬ҵǾԸóأѾͷ̬ҲܺãҶô࣬㵹Ҫúõİץ
̡
ᵽ֮󣬿вɵɢϢȻܹȵĿһĳ̶ֳ㲻ʲô飬ǡ
֮ǰչֳЩǿġ
ȷһõ˲ţ˱ΪãǸ˱ˡ
֪ڴڷƽȨޱȵλߣԼ
ֱڶˣЩɻĿŹŮĹŮһһĶ
ⶫʲô
ЩɻƮԺ滨׹һ˿һ͸
һ黨ŵ㣬ȴû뵽Щãգգ۾
ӣЩǻʹ͸ӵģ˵ʱĲͱ
һԾһܿЩװųʵû뵽ǻô󷽡
˵ʱǸûʲôôĪʹôĶء
ȻȰЩһ£ȵ֮ϸϸоЩ飬ȻĿ룬ǻǵȴʱѸš
磬Ĵ޵⡣
ô෱µĶɵþ泩ˣǣ͵ЦݹĴǣȷеĺô䲻ĶҲòϡ
ʵĶøӵˬ졣
ʱͿԼҵСӣͽǴĺô΢Ц
ôˣ
һͷϸ˲ٵĶ׾Ϊʲô
νǴ⡣
ǳǳ̧ͷظĳԵЩɻ
ӻ𣿡
ôҵǲΪʲô׻˵ĺõеɻ޹»ģôܹ׵ķ
̾˵ţֻǸССĺ챦ʯӣһһţܹܽĴ⡣
ͷϵĲҡɣԵЩƣû뵽Ϊᡣ
ȻǸּĻȻ֪ΪʲôʽµЩ鱦㣬϶Ϊ̶ֵá
˵ˡ
ҹĻ֮Եģ˸ĹʣЦЦȻͻȻʲô顣
㶼ˣǸˣҵøϽЩ߸ܷܷ׼
벻ɲ̧ͷ
ǿҪ׼Щʲôأ
Ķûʲô˼
ЩʲôĶоûʲô̶о֮Ҳǰһĸо
Խ˵Խ˷ܣԽ˵Խһĥܹ򺮻һЦĺʱ
ģεĵ˵СԴȻԼҵСӾܹһЩĪ뷨ܻĿ
ܹ΢ЦĵĴǡ
̵ͷһ㣬Ҳ֪ʲô͸Ķ϶ҪأҪ֤Լ⡣
ԽԽ鷳
΢ɲ̾һ
Щ龿Ӧôأ
÷ѽ


391

ѸٵĴܷܷǱһֽȫдĶзǳҵĸܷܷ
ϲЩʲôƽʱϲʲôɫĶϲЩʲôдĺϸκεĲ
ܷܷЩͷۣЩ޿κεԼĴȻϸĴһ֮̾һ
ôôѣ
ֻԼδĸѡһЩ۸ӵϢһͬĵݽ֮̾һ֪Ǻá
ôɶأʲô鶼Խʲô鶼ܹѸٵЩʽ
дĸֽдĺףΪĻ鲻Խ̾Ϣһ
ôͿ˵ЩΪʲôܷܷȱԼĳѸողõ·ѸٵĲӣ̾Ϣһ

Ҳ˼ȥ˺ܾöûеõѸٵĽǺܷܷǺˬģ쵶ն顣
ϾϽȥһ°ɣϾЩֽҲ˵ĺܲ塣
ЦģѸٵĻһ·žеԼģͤͤãչ¶һĨ䳩Цݡ
һҪң
Եס˫֣һ뵽һ뵽գһ뵽֣Ȼǧϲõͨͨתš
֪ô
Ͼţ֮˵ԼĸףСүˮŹ⻪û뵽滹һԼҵ˹

ܷܷҲЩţɫֳһ
ǽôˣѵʲôҪүأ
ûκεã׼ȥԼõЩ뷨ȻǲԸ⣬׾ٵľͷŹ̡
ҲԼ뷨
ţⲻǹүж磬ҹһЩ棬㾿ҪЩʲô
˼Ķļζ
ҵĺãûм޳ȥѾ첲ˣǴӲʧ
˵׵ģܹоɱ⡣
յ˵֪ͨǴݲȵ˹üͷŵΣ޿κεһ
ӵⷬñȡЦˣָĿĻֺα̧ԼĿ⣬¶˵Ļȣұ̫ͬˣ
ٵ˶ԼɵĿͶȥ
ɫҲܡ
вң㻹ΪвʲôЧ𣿡
ûʲôвҲû˵ЩʲôЩǾӦΪԼúõĿһǿ飬˵ˣүǡ
ܷܷҧŴҲʵԼ档˴ˣӸô
뷨Ҳ˵Щʲô¡
ܷܷȻΪˡ
˵ĻҲûа취ȥֻҪԸĻ˵ڼ䣬ݺݵЦЦĿ֮˼ĴԻ
ʱǡô˳
û뵽ӾȻ˵£ȻʱҲԼ뷨׷ɱȻ
үЩ棬˵ĲϧԼã˵ҲǺЦ˼㡣
粽á
ܷܷʼгޱȡ
˷һġ˭ҧһڣò˿ԹΪԼ˵˵ˣ¶˰ȵĻȡ
˵ܹܵԲͬ˵ĲͬԵĿ⣬ԽǾòˬײײǰһ˴ȴֱӵı
Ņ̀˴ֻûнκεķΪҵ֣ܷܷҪҴɻġ
һᵽͻͻͻðĬѹԼĿڵļ
ղҲѵͬûͬ𣿡
磡ֱܷܷ˦˸һƣûκεĹϵôܹĿ֮£ȥ̸һ
ǲǷˣֱͬӵĽһ˦˹ȥǸ˻ᣬû뵽ˣȻ˵Ĳ֪ʶʱΪܡ
ѾһһεĻᣬһλĲ֪ץסˡ
֮л⣬Įòӡ
һΪʲô뷨
ֱӵı֮ѡͷĿѣһʱ֮Զԣĺһ
ġǺôı¡
ҧԼ⣬ͷĿѣģû뵽ǰǵܹôĴ
ȥûбҪᣬе뵱С󣬿ȴԸ⡣


392  

һ仰ǽе飬ƮƮһ仰ͬһɢƼ磬΢ĵ׺Ĺ⻷
ôĵĴһ˵ֱ֣ӵĴ뿪
ܷܷȴҲʵǶ˼㣬û뵽ģٸһѡĻĻžԲһ
ϾǺĸйϵһеһзǸصӡǣƺڳ
һܹĿͬ˾̾ĲķΣЩĿһһĶѻ
ⶫʲô
һһΪ渵ֻ͵˵
ⶫҲ㲻ʲô㲻ʲô£ܷܷϲĻȥͺˡ
ܷܷģϸضһݣЩ·ͬѰӵĺ濴רڻʼҵӡ£һһӡš
̸̺һȻȻǲ׽֮ϵЩɻı飬ļԽԽΪ⡣
Ҫʲô飬ϲĻôãʲôϲĶùȥҲһ㶫˵Բԣ
ˮ˵̧˫ֵĻȣܹһֳϵϲã㺻ûӰ쵽ܾá
ܷܷҡҡ֣ϸĴһԵĸ̾һȻļҵ׷Ȼûж˵ʲôˡ
Ҳһ粢ţҪ೤ʱ䣬ܹߵյţɫֲĴڱ棬Ǳޱȡ
̧ͷ
ڽǰΪʲô飿̿ɰһЦ̧ͷ­ϸĶһգҲһǲҪѯʸ羿ϲЩʲôǲҪ׼

ЩԵգգ۾ȷˣô֩뷴ţЩ˼
ܷܷΪĿһۣһԵˡ֪оǺߣεط˵ĶϽ뿪
Ǻˣֻˣ㵹Ǹʲô뷨
̴գ۾һߵģ鲻ԽغЦҲһ˵ţ涼һЩʲôɣҲӦ֪϶ϲ͵ĶֻҪ͵ģʲôϲԵĻҲҪôĸء
ЩҲ֪ӦδǾԼеĲƽһںһ
ҪЩʲô
ܷܷε˼֮ζ˵ţЩֱԼķС
̶ģЦЦҲԼţȻһһֱĬ˵Һһȥ֣һУҵѡС
Ҫ㣿
뺬ż⣬Ķ˵˼仰֮˱ֱӵĶˡ
ܷܷһȻû뵽ôɵİ˷ߣǻǾЩ֪룬ŪԼ·
ʱû뵽ү˵Ĵ󷽣ֱӵİŹˣѵΪҲġ
ֹ˿Դ˰컹û˵ЩʲôһģЦ
ҲҪ̫⣬ҲҪȥЩеû飬үµõҪҸ׼һϲģֱӵĹȥĻΪ½㣬Բų²ߡ
Ļ͡
ܷܷЦЦ˵ĺеҲֻõĽʽɡ
ĬĬţûκεĸͬ
ֵڶжģ̿Ķжʢ
ʵڵĻҲ֪ôȻдŵĳΣҲȥһܹʲôز
ܷܷгģ㣬ûа취ҾЩգȥЩʲôȽϺء
ͬĿһ˲ģһϸĵãǻûҵʺǵģǣֻܹεĳһЩˬ
Щ鵽׸ôǸо鷳
ļİο
ǺˣҲҪˣ򲻴ֻǲܹҸĶҲһ£ҪǲǾֱӵĻȻء
ζӯӯˮĹâʼĴ
ܷܷȻ˵ĺе˵ͷãã˺֮ôĵ̣Щ򺮻ϲҪһʺš
紵˵ȹڡڿ֮ɢһʳķ㡣
ͬʱĵ˵ͷζҵζķԴأԭһҵӡ
Ϊζϵ˺ܶ࣬ѾһĶ顣


393  

Ȼ࣬ҪŵĻҾͲ֪Ҫŵȥˡ
޵ĸ̾һöԸٶȵԶԶ󣬿̵Ҳ뷨
ٶȺܿ졣
ܷܷĿתЩոճ¯ĶܹһЩˮĴӣͺܺóԣŵķ㡣
ӵ˻еա
̵ȻҲǺǲ˳õĸЩˣͬо
ܹһһĵĸ㣬״죬зۺɫģͬҲͬѩһѩ࿴ͺܺóԡ
ʱġ
һҪ飬֪ǵʲôã
һ˵͸¶ˣ׳־˵ֱӵӢ׼뿪
ܷܷԵòԲ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˷ܳģǿ־ڱصõģ͵ЦЦ
㲻ģ֪ҪЩʲôˣ͵ĺϢ
˵ֱ׳ܹ֮͸¶һĹ⣬ÿ˵ߡ
Ϊ׳־ƶ˶Ǵӷд߳һӰ޷˺ʵ
֮ǰһֱͳôԳĲãһֱһֱ룬ִĶǾյⰡ
˵׻ʱæ̫ãæͿˣյ⣡
ܷܷɴ˫ۣ֮Ťתģȫǲ֪˵ʲôʡ
յʲô֮ǰɴû˵ӵĸ㣬ѵʲôܺóԵĶ𣿡
ûյǺԶŵһϰףÿ˹յʱҪһ⣬ͣвͬˮ֮Ķ׺УȻҪո衣̸Ͻ渵
ܷܷʹ̫˵Щʲô˼ǿ⸱ģЦЦ
ǺȤȻ˵ĻǾһյɣⶫҴûǾԻܾϲģ
Ķ־·Ϊ鱻׵ȼͬӵлһޱ޼ʡ
һļϡ
Ҳû뵽ܹɵĽյ⣬ҪʲôϣǼǵõġ
Ǹ⣬ִĴ򷢻ܹѸٵĴͣŴûЩҲֻܹ˶ĵʱ䣬Լִ򷢡
ܷܷȻЩרʣֻùԹɵ˵ĺúõִ͹ˡ
ջˣ˵ҷǳǳϲյ⣬ҾͻŬȥϣܹܺóԵĸ㣬ԵĺܿģĻǹյУ
ȥ˵̣һЩԭϣۣʵˮһЩܿɰСװƷһЩֽ׼ΪһרڵװκС
ȥһ꣬Ķ
æ˼ˣڰЩ׼ˣҲ쵽ˡ
ܷܷдһԼ򺮳һˡ
ҲһǧֱӵһССͥԺѳ˹ĵյ⣬ȻЩɷ
ϲĻȥ
ĬĬš
򺮽յһ죬Ǹʱ򣬷档ģ֮ǰԵǣȴûеȻĵز
ЩɵĿ룺ǾŪЩʲô
ԵЩã֪룬֪ϸضһݡܹ֮ɢĹԡ
ɱңǲ֪ʱ乾߶߶Щʲô
ͷΣ֮и˵޿κΣȻһǳǳֽݸ򺮡
εЦһ
ʼΪεѣûŶԷЩ˼ҲҪ鳹׵ĳ֮⡣
ĵȰɡ
˼ĵ˵ͷԺﻹǸֳСĻϲ˹ȥĿľΪ˸չʾЩ
ǲɵЩڴ
Ƕ֪ĵطĬĬˮ
̺ò׵İЩ۸ˣɼɵģ˶ͷҪʼ˴͵Ĺ̡
רŴ͵ĹߣǱϾҪֶͬһ裬ţ̺ͻͣʼͽͣʱʱļ뼦ĵ͵ƣ͵ճȡ
˻Ӻ꣬òװ͸ͺˡ
ˣòװѵҪˡܷܷȥЩˮĶгһƬһƬеԽСԽãҪŽǸ档
ܷܷԵգգۣĻԹԵİѴ򷢵ͷŵһߣȻȥˮˡ


394  

һĹܹЩˮгϸСƬݮӻƻǵƬ
֮̿ѸٵһͱӣȻͿĨһĵмˮһһš
ĵ˵ͷ
ԭ
ܷܷһˮԺ˵ſҲﲻʲôæȫ֪ôȥֻܹǰ˰ЩһһĲ㡣
ˣͿͣȻԾıһЩװƷ
ЦһܱãɵþûϲϾЩԼ˵ģԽʱͿռļܹùŴ˳Եյ⣬һҸ顣
ܷܷĿתͻȻʲô·ĳͳһ޹ۺɫĲݮ
ǲݮùдһְɡ
ҲǶͨ
Ҳ֪Ŵûϴ˱װûЩĻҲëմϹдֻ߻ϻ
ܷܷ𾪵ĵ˵ͷһɾëʣմĹֵĿʼ
ϲ÷ͲݮɫʮֵĴ䡣
뵱ĻôÿҸ绹ˣȻܹȢɩӡ
̼͵ЦЦ

ܷܷ²ȻͰѸոŪõĻҺĲݮԼۺɫģʹõõ廨յ
ÿ
̺ܷܷǺòĳɹ¶˼仺͵ЦݣȻյ֮ǰòõһ׵ģʵʵġ
ֻܹϲĺɫĺӣ뵽ʲôĶ˶յ⡣ֱ˹ȥ
һææϣҲүҹһԲԲҪдţ貶Ŀ
ͥԺ˵Ⱦƣò
̸Ͻİյ˵ǰ˼˵ҪҪȲһʲô
˺òܷܷһĨ΢Ц
ֱġ
򺮳ҡͷҲ֪ŹֵСѾͷܹĶ
ͬɻ
֪˾Բ²ҽ﾿ʲôھ˽ܵˡ
̵üͷˣǳЦ
ܷܷСİиҿΪ۵׵ľǸĲߵĵ⣬滨ŽصİŸʽˮ
ʲô
ܷܷԵЩ˼
յ⣬ϣܹϲ
ܷܷһ˰ռһݹֱӶ˵Ͱ˵ĵƽ¶
̿һߵģߵһ϶Ը˵ЩʲôԸϽָԽ
ʲôò˼ģԺһˣҲҪѽ
Ͻ֮زԼ۾ܹǵĹ͵˸˾Щÿǣһŵ档
Ϊװ׵д֡
ҲǻȻԭǰ棬ȻЩ֣ǿ˵ᣬȴЩɰ
˻ǲףȻôĶ
ЩδţҲ֪˾˶ٵжôŬΪһɾͣǿĲ̡
Ҳһ㶵˵ţӤ̫ڲٵˣúõϢϢɡ
ôԣǸգø糪ո裬ףҸ
ܷܷɤӣֵģһ֣һһĳףտ֡
̽ģڳķҲ֪Լûһֵز
ܷܷԼĿ֮£ɢĴĵĹ⻪ԵЩһʱ֮䲻֪ȥж
ǾһΪ𣿡
ܷܷţϣᶪģҶĵطҲˣԲܹԼԼϲǰ
İ׸֮ȫ³һԵЩţҲ鲻ԽĴӳ֮ԵЩɵɵġ
ȴƫƫϲһݵ޹ȰɵĿ⣬ļ
£Һϲϲ㣬ϲʲôȲϲ㡣
еĹâ۹֮⣬ĳ鲻Խ¶ϣǲòϡ
򺮺ϲ
ܷܷЦЦ˳Ľˣܵȴû͵Ĺ⻷
̫ˡ
ܷܷžԼŬ˼ֵĶ


395  

ʲôʱһݵһ˾Щʡ
ܷܷϾͽһһĶǰڵһһͱǱ˷սͷ϶Ÿʽͺˮ
Ỻ͵ĥѵõı⸱ģ˵ĸ֮йҲһˣܲϣһжǱһģ
ھ㷹ѵ꣬ʱúõ˵⣬һ֮Ǳץסᡣ
ûļһļҸЩʲô飬Щʲô顣
̻һƣԵЩģǳǳ̾һȻ롣
үǲǲϲѽҪĲϲҵĻҿǻĵġ
һЩЦĿˣһģ֮ǰͬɽһҲǱ׷ˣЧӦ
˵ʲôѻô˻ϲϱ𣿡
Ƕô֪һϲ˱˵ĻҲ֪ȥް
СıԹţǸֳˣĻܹ֮˸ŵǣĹâҲ˳ĵĳܸһֲ׼ξһĴܸһãĳ˼
ƲҲĵ޺Ļ޵Ķ࣬Ҳʧˣҹֻһڵ׺š
׺ҹĻ־
ڶдʱ򣬸ԼЩʹ϶û뵽ôҡ
ǡү
Щίû뵽ô֣ȴȻԼϷĽиš
ڳһ˵ģա
ҲһУܹﻭһľ㡣
ʼջǼһ⡣
̾һ
񛿡Ҫ׼ôѾԸҺˣϹټҵļ¿Ҳܹ׾پȥϽҪôʵȫү
񛿾һʱը֪ôȥô񶼲ܹüһ뵽ҲЩͷܹѸٵĽȻһ¡
޿κεվ֮ɢ˼
ôȽϺأ͵˵ţ񛿡ܹôλһ飬Ӧô˵
а취һصЦݣʲô飬ļ
ϹȻȻ˺ĻǾһҪ۵ġ
ȱһ䡣
ô顭Ŀ˸źʲôһȻȻ̧ͷǻһְ취ܹѸٵİһˡ
ģԻġ
ֲ̱ԡĿģҲԸٴζ˵Щʲô㻻·׼ȥϳˡ
ʲô˼
ϸϸ˼ȻĹâǻ֪ôЩ飬ǲɵɢʮĹ
񛿾ӦôǻûȷĴ𰸣仰ö˵
ԼܹѸٵĽ顣
Ĭ˸
˵Ļ϶ĵξôȥ϶Ҳʲôɡ
ôţûж˵ЩʲôĵȴģԺ
ò׾ͿһˣֻܹİοԼ
Ȼͬ˵ջǹģ˷ܹ֮ͬܵĹͳϿҡ
ޱ֮ǰȶһݳ죬һǫ飬ƺȥ֮ǰȴѾƴҪһеĳɹڳΪ˼ΪϹټҵļ̳ԺͶһݵ
׼ô顣ʵ϶ȡһ֣ܹЩͺá
̲ԵĿ֪϶ʲôȻĻԲӵģǻЩԻĵüͷϸĹ۲֡
㾿Щʲô㾿Ҫ˵Щʲô
һֱӵץס֣ͻȻϲЩ˺ߣ˵Ҳģ档
ҪЩʲô飬ѵ㻹ֻҪֻ֪ҪԸ⣬Щ鲢ڡ
ƵЦЦסԼֱۣԼõĽʽһ˵ܹһеľȫ⡣
֪ӦôȷģҴδڹ
񛿶Щץסͬһɣƺòץסϣ˵Щ֡
ۣܹ֮һľںһƺûжֿٰܹ
ֻҪܹңʲô飬ҶԸȥ


396  

ӵ˵Ŀ϶Ͽҵе˶п϶ʲô⣬Բ֪ô
̻͵壬Ͻվ
ǲ׾ʲô飬ʲôѴĻңȻܹ֤ģҿԸ˵һᾡܵı㣬һ֣Ҳǲԡ
񛿷վдˮˮƺڳЦ˵ԼģĬ
ֻסԼֱ֣޵ѪҺһһεӿ⸱Ҫ˵һ
侲һ侲һ㣬ʲôȸҺòãĪģҸӺ£ǲǷʲô顭
̺ů͵ļϣܹ侲
侲侲ܹ侲ѵͿԱİˣκείĻԸ侲ʵŹңҪôģ
񛿾ըҩһ㣬ƺÿһ仰Ѹٵվ̾һһʱ֪֮ô͡
Ǳʹĺǻ淴ˣתĺ֪ôͣƺʾĮճ
ûںԸԸ⣬ҲûѯʹЩ龿ǲ֮ڣ龿ǲġ
˵ƾʲôʧԽԽ⣬˵ԽԽ߲һͬ
ʲôǴӦ˸ңһᱣҸһƾʲôǾˡ
˫ۣ֪ʲô飬ǰӹڼı飬˲ʱĻȻ
˵һжѵ˼
˭ɱģҲ֪
񛿴ѹһɵͳЦݣƵؿԵЩԻ󣬵ͬǿɷģڷŭãԼ롣
ҪȥʵĽһЩʲô飬ǿԵĻѾ½ۣϹ誣ɱˣЩѾˣҲҪүģֻҪӦһ㡣
ҧгݣ˾˵֮ǰò׵ۣ𽥵ڻɵģиĴڣھһһٽĮĳ롣
Щ費ҪҪһʺţЩһҪһ𰸡
Ѿ֪ˣõĽʽǡ
񛿲˵֣صĹâ֪·ӦȥǶԵġ
ҵ
˵ļϿңƺʲô֣صĳŵ
̿һ𽥱ùϵģ΢һֻӽекͰȫ츳һ˵ĻܹƬ̵Ĺâ
֮ͬĳ̶ֳϣѾһ̼ȻǵмĶʱըˣ̾һ
̷ǸܵûɵķգǶһõĽʽֻһҪ
Ȼǵ֮ǰ̵顣
Ϲ誡
ҧгݵغ֣ĳ̶ֳҲڻߺԼûпȥôףǸӣʵϸ˵սľĺ¡
ɫãĵĴ֮ϡ
˳Ĵϣһ׼ظȴĪĸܵһֹĲԾ
֪⣬Ƿܹܵһ㲻̫ղ֪Ǵﴫ˹ģ޴ڣۣðƤ
խĳƺͱһܵңӲһᡣ
סԼذףЯĶӴһĵԼᱻ˴ߣԺԥ
ܵ˲Ծƺ֮һССҪϽذףֱӵս
Īа֪Ǵð˳εεЦЦ
þòˣû뵽ܹﻹܹٴ㡣
ĪаЦʱ֣һ֮дһаȵϢһЩġ
ô
δǰ˻ͻأˣҲԼ侲ˣǷѾûκεĿˣĺǳᡣ
ͣ
ҪҪô֧ԮԼ
Īа׾ٵһ飬ƵЦЦ
ô׵ĽȻҪĻǾԲô׵ģӳҵĵġ
˵ڰԵκεĻһȫ޷Ĵ
ҪͻȻ˻֮УһҲܶģƺһжûзƽʻһط


397 

ҹɫŨĨĲӡ
ĪаԼ˳˯ŮӴǣһĨЦݡ
ڵ⡣
Ѿǧ˼ǰѰˣҲǲ֮ǰǧࡣ
˯ú죬֮۵ɫ紵ĵ⡣
¹ӳ֮£ɫԵøӲ԰ףͬһŰֽ
ĪаסṦαøӵѸ٣ʧҹɫ֮Ӱ١
֪õ취
ҪǷʧ˵Ϣ϶ҪôһѰˣܲˡ
û˼ֻŸ·Ų΢΢ĶҡûκĶ
ɫӳˡ
ɽ֮صʵһƬ
ĪаһССľ棬沢ûʲôĶֻһŴһ򣬻мªļҾߡ
̱Įض˴ϡ
úܿ죬֪ͷ֢״֮һ˵ǰһźɫСҩ
һˮ
̿תѣֻܹĵƹ⡣
ʶΪ֮ǰ˴ҩԵʣЩѣЩͷ۵Լ̫Ѩ
ոֻڵӰӰԼٳ֣¶Ŀ
Īаڵƻӳ֮²ʤǰֻܹĲӲһߡ
㡣һ£׼Ҷ
ͲҪˣʶôˣȻǾԲṰ˵ģ֮ҾͰеĶҩˡ
ĪаȻȥǰ˰ǵ΢ЦԵЩ
㻹Ǻñ¡
ҧгݵ˵ǳǳĸԼ䣬ϸһȻȴͬ˵
յ䲢κεĶ
ȻˣҴΪʲô
̺ɵĿһۡ
Ҫ˵ЩʲôӦȻǰҩ
Īа׵ֱͨͨš
ԤʾڶѾ˶㡣
ңȴӦúĺ˵ѵ㲻һͬˣ
̧ͷҲܿȻܹܵϢ𽥵΢
ѪҺķǳ˵ڵĶķչš
ƳҩԶƵĻûм
̾ϸضһ
Īаһ˼ɵģȻ뷨ɫһ
㵹е㱾¡
ûб֪ģûʲôĻ֮ǰ¶ⲻĶ
ԼĲӣѣκĽ΢и
ҩЧ֮ϸĶһ㣬ܹŵ֪϶յɽҰ֮С
ֻҲЩ档
ڶͿ츴ˡϸĶһ޿κεסѪ
㲻׼
Գع˴ǡ
ѵһ֪µЩҩʲôĸã£Ҫ˵ĻҲ졣
Īаͷ˳Сһ
ԣȻ֪Ļúúһǻݵĺ¡
ȻĻ޿κεҡŴϸĹһڸûκӳ뿪Ŀԡ
滹өǵɢĹ⣬Ѥãȴûκε
ǡֻܸһ
ĪаϲЩʲô飬̫ˣ֪Լûа취ȥ̾һ֮һȥ
ȥҴ˹еĹ߶ڣôܹר־β
һ˵ţü嵭ɢһһӡ
ҲʹʲôУǾԲӳȥġ
Щ䣬һȻĿ⣬źۼ̡
֪û·ˡ
Ȼǧǧᣬûа취ֻܹüͷϸĴһ
ĪаӴͳһĺӣ沼˸ʽֹߡ
Щ赭д˵ҪųصĻþһΪֹѪҩڣôҡ
ϸϸĹһڲκεʧһˡ
߹δ档
㡣ϸϸĴһֻܹһ޲кࡣ
ø׼ľƣþһЩֹþߣһ׵ʡ
ɫҲɵ
ʣµĶҵøдһҩҿ϶ܣϾҵ


398  

ɢһɼ͵Ϣ֮дŷɧҶľס
̾;ԼͨͨĴкȻǵһκǰ˴򽻵ˣһȴܵһֱֱв
ĪаηЦЦ
֪ΪʲôҵҵǾǸ˼ˣӦñ£ҪģһܺĻϣ㲻Ҫʧ
ɲʲôνĺϲҵǲ֪ΨһȷǡǶ˴ε΢ЦǿԼ侲ˣԽԽ֪õĽʽƽ
ڵȫıһ˵ϣһʲô취˵ܾĻ𡣡
ǲʲôɵӣȷԼĽǺ¶ûб˳׵ķסкѵõ¶һĨ㹻ǳỺ͵ЦݣȻ̧𴲰дöһ
ĪаһɵģȴĪĵȼĻ
ûж˵ʲôĻֻǴǹĻ
ܺúõĴһ£ҲģǾԲЩʲôġ
ʹõĻ֮ǰѾӵˣʲôĻ˵˾ЩмϢΣȴɢŨҵĹʡ
ƺڶݺݵ˾ʲôأ
ľú֣Ϊʲôÿ̯ӣһӦǹңҸʰЩĪĶ㻹ΪרŸ㡭
εĺһۣԵЩˬû뵽ַʽԼԹԵڲ֮еԹޣֵ˸Żʡ
šֻĬĬĴݡ
ĪаһСĵüͷϸһģžЩЦҲе˵þôдģǡ
һߴߴģʹҾڶвЩõĸоûûгá
ܹ֮ܵǲΣգƺѾΪ˼ڵءͷĹ¿ƮҡС
㻹֪ô֪ҡԵЩΣȻԼС淭һ룬һ᲻һӰɱأ
ЦЦ
Ĺ⡣
ĪаһʼԵ÷Ĳ⣬ڳôģͳ̵Ĵ
Ȼ뷨Ļȥ˵һԣʱԿ˻᲻㣬ȻĻãҳûзǰ棬û֮ǰѹ㣬Ȼ˵Ҳк᲻á
˵ţܹĹ⻪⻪¿ɼ
û뵽Ĳ¡
Ҫû뵽˵еȻĻһԿⲻ֪˭µĶȻôĺݶ
ͣȵѨ棬ǳǳĲһ룬Ȼĵ˵ܹ˵ıֳʹ࣬ҧŴ
ĪаҪκʹĺҲĵﱳţҲе㲻ˬ
ò׻ôõĹ򣬾ȻûԵøӵΣʶż򣬲֪ӦôǺһ׮Ҳ֪
ȵðҽκˣԼܹȥȻ뷨޿κΣȷڵ״
ĪаĪľͷϸʾĿ⣬ûκεĴţֻܹ͵֮ɢůĹ٣ʵܲͬ
ֻҪԸҵĻֻҪԸšò׼ڵ뷨ѹǺֱӵһҩдȥ
ĻЩ⣬ڲֻһֶأǺֶܶںһʱΨһĽʽЩ͡
Щǲģܹһ£ֱӵİָʽĶҩ֮ϣдĺ
ڵЩרðɣҿɲܱ֤ϾͰŰȺãǸոոһҩܹ֤סˣҵƳӦܹҩ
̵ָȻ󿴵ԱЩĿ
ΪҲֱӵȰոιҳԵҩǮҪҳԣٵһ㶫ҩаɣľ˻˾Ļϴֱȥ
ΪһֻƻС꣬϶ҪԼڱԼҪǰǱǰˡ
ĪаϸĶ̫ȷô롣
Щε̾һ
̡
Ļ»Щ᲻ãԽһСƿӶ


399  

Ҳ͸˱Ĺâ΢ɲһԵЩ̫Ψһ顣
ûв´Ļҩֻܹ׵ĻҵĶصӣܹҩǽҩһֶƲϣû뵽㻹ôġ
˵ЩԼ𣿵취û뵽˾ȻֱĶԴԼ
ЩʲôѵЩǺ˼Ȳ˵ˣĻôԹԾͷ
ĪаŸ龫ֵŮѹԼе̰Ժ˵ѹԼ뷨ĶüĿ֮ɢĹ⻷
һŹǣǾԲŹ㣬òװץĹǾԲиĻˡ
һû뵽˻ôıɣԼ侲ˣǺ޲ð˸ʮǧ顣
㻹Ǳɣȴֶƭң㻹Ǻҵģʲôأһһ𣿲ǾãһŹģ
Ƶ˼㣬һľʲȥ˵Ȼ˵ĺʳеȱԣǱ˾ôܹ˵ͷԺ˵˵¾ͷ£ԹԵ׸ˡ
Īа⸱ģǺЦаȵüͷֱһѵӡ
ЩʲôܵĻϾͻֱӱɽҰֵϻ̵ԹԵĺһߡ
İҴɽֲָ֣Ĺط׼ϻģлһ⡣
̵ݵؿڴһһʹ࣬ƺǧӰԼһһҧš
ҪĸܵĻ
ȴͷ̧ͷϸ˵ˣֱµĻĻҲ˵ˣҲõˣ֮ǲ᲻㻹ù㣬Ӧùĵ֮ûܹ㡣
侲ʲôһԼӵ泩ˣȲҪ˵Ψһܹȷһǡ
ԼôЩⶾҩⲻ˵Ļ²һмܹˡ
ĪаҹҲΪԭֵƽ֮һֻܹ֪龿Ӧδܹһľ㡣
ҪҲҪ£һ뷨Ҷ׵ķŹ㡣
Īаܰ˰οĻ˵ֵزҲǾˡ
̺κε²֮ûж˵ĻֻǾĵȴġ
õĽȥϢߣ˭Ҳܲˣ˭ڱ˴˵˴ҸһҲǺһ׮
赭д˵һ仰Ԥʾ齥ķ˾㡣
ҲԼƽǣűߵĸоǲǺܺãʱûκεĽʽֻܹнţǿԼ侲ˣȴ֪Ӧô
һ·˶ȷЩǻֵܹܲסڹذıߵĻɾ뻢ڡ
̾һ
ĪаһԸԹԳԷģ̧ͷϸĶǣĥ貵ɫ
ԸңʲôõģǶʲôԻҩǶʲôصľֻ
ֳ֮̿͵ľȴ֪Ӧ˵Щʲôηʼĵȴ˵ġ
İҰֻܹΪ˵ЩĻҲǺ֮ǰ͸߸Ҳûʲô˵İɣҪ˵ЩĻҲôɲأҶҼүһһ⣬Ķģ
ǽԼڵĲˬһϴˣͬĺˮӿ֮£Եø޶ˡ
ĪаԳԵ̾һǾøӵãˣкܶĽʽδһֽʽ˵ʹ
ʶԼΪʲôϲ̣ĪаܲκεĿ֣ԭŮˣΪ߳͹龫ֵ뷨Լϲˣ겻顣
뷨ӵ޿κΡ
ʵͷβǰڴûȴǾûпԵġ
һ뵽ֻܹ̾һ
һ̾ģץűӾ׼ž˯ˣķΨһľǾԲҶԼʲôģȻĻʱһƴģһƣҲҪһÿ


400  չ

û뵽ᷢչֵز
˯Ժģٶʱȴоһж˷츲صı仯
׹һξһ̺죬绨죬ˮꣻﻪ»ع⡣
һ˯˯һϣ
̾Լͷʱγģĸо㲻̫á
һûʲôĸȣɫķ棬ϸһеĶһҹ֮䣬һһСŮڵȴ
Щ˵СŮڵȴ˵ǳЦӯӯ̡
ұרŹ̷Ѿߵֽ࣬˵ʲôĻֱҹȥͺˡ
ഺТлл˵أܹܵõųǳǳĹ⻷дصһݱơ
ڡܹ貵¹ͷЩͷ˯ŵģʲô飬ǡ
ôЩԼһֱӵĵأ
̵̧ͷϸĿһۡ
ǳɫȹ˿߼ʣˮܽɫɴ٬ʡ

ģĵ˵ͷԼһҪ侲ҪٹľЩϣֻý鶼ˣͻһ֮С
Ϊʲô˵ĵȴģ̧ͷϸĶܹüۣ俴ǡôĹ
㵹㻹һˣȻĻҵߣúõչңʱӦһֱģԲԣ
һˬʣԼûбҪôȥн
֮֮ĪаȻİԼһطܹ֪жôĻ󣬾֪жô࣬Ȼǲģʲôһܾˡ
νĿԷ̨ȾͷȴһϴȥǦĳѣתǧصϽţ롣
̾Լﶼһ˵η壬Ǹܲκεеĸо̾Ϣһûж˵ʲôƾʱħԼĹ١
ȫֻԱ߾ƺںҪ˵ЩʲôҲɻ
ԶһССͥԺ˸ĲЩЩݵͬ¥һ㣬ôôò̫ʵ
ϸĶһùȻͬ˵һ㣬СŮӿСģʵϾ˵û֪뷨
ţӰĴԺۣȻתۣΣ䱯
ͥԺԱߵһţһš
Ҿһ˼̾Щ¶
飬Ըݡ
ϵĹӰǳǳһģͥԺݡ·ǰһжǱιƽ
ĪаͬһĳﾲȻ󿴵˵Ĳ֣
˯һǾ˯ú
ᡣ
಻ŵĿԼҵˣȻܹʱҲԵøӵã
Ȼһ棬ǳǳЦЦ²һ˺ܺãȴԼѾ߶ϲ
Ǻܺãֻû뵽һ;ģϾЩԾȴ벻ͨҲ֪ġ˵㻹ǻôı¾ԸŲ֪ģרŵ󷨣ǿҡ
Խ˵Խе绨εĳͬһǰľЩ̫û뵽
ôͣܵݲȵľֻһĹЮԼԼȻʵҽкܶഴµĵӣǲƿЩ󷨡
Ǻ𣿼ȻĻҿǵ󷨸ƽ⿪ˣȻֱӵ뿪ֻĻܹȥ˵Բԣ
ĪаЩЦĵ˵ͷ
ҺЩһܽˣȻҷٻòֺαҪأ
һһչ¶ˣǳЦӯӯĻȡ
ҿ㾰µ̻¶ǰɣɨܣһɫ
Īаͷڳ˼ܹüĿ֮ждĵͼ
ֻҪܹԹԵߵĻҺܰԲṼ㣬ԽǲҵĻͻʧһֵȼ۽ɡ
ȴ޷ܵκԵãһֽʽòһ㡣
Īаʵ̫ĺĻûʲôȷеĽʽ
Ӳȥˡ
õĴ𰸣ȴĸӵˣһֽȷҪȴģòϡ
ĪаսҪ뿴Լߵֵزܲӳ


401  

ⷿһ˽ߵû˻ϣһ㣬˿ȸӦûúõš
ȴԼӦԶԱȳΪ˿ȸӦӦﾡԼĻʹڣõĴȴ˵ЩĪ
黺͵Ĺԡ
ʵˣҩ֮⣬ûʲô飬Ҫȥᡣ
ĪаǻʱʱĵȴǻǿصһĨεЦݡ
ݻ̫ȷУÿɡĪаʱҲַܹŵĻǳǳͣ÷һ㡣
Īаڶܺú޵˾Щϡ
һȴûô
ʧӰ١
ȴмǿҵĲõԤУһֱ޷侲ֱȷ˵ص֮˷˷ñƴȥѰңҲòκεĴ𰸡
меĹһһûϣԼҪֶѸٵİҵȻĻ޷ܺҲ޷ȷʲô顣
õԤһֱ겻ɢ
һǿԼ侲Ժȴĸģ
滹֮ǰ͵ȸָĶЩСǶӳ֮ɢĹâЩâ񶼳ΪƬ
ϡϡٸԼ
һе飬Ҳ޷е˺ۣڼеĺϽӵܹһеѸٵĽ
ͲһʲôõԤУ֪
ǱĪаקˣֳ˿Ѿȷˣһ˳Ͼܹҵ࣬ΪһԼĳ׷ҪǿԼ侲
ҪԼֻ侲ܹһУĶ顣
ʲôݲȣԼһ鶼ǺʱڽܣֻӵĻܹȷÿһ飬µʧȥϣ
̣㡣
˵飬ȷһУʱһɹȥ̽ģǲҲǷ滹һֻ֮аܹ֮ⷨȥ޷ƽ󷨵Ļʲô鶼ˡ
Щ࣬ǶǼٵģΪ޷ȷĽ⣿󷨵Ļһж㶼ǰһͻһ
һ֮΢΢ת˼ֲģԼеУڵĺ͵ǣȼյѪУҵضشһܸһֲͬѰϢ
ûнأû֪һȷеķǲòһ㣬絭Ĵ磬ܹ΢ĻڵϢ
볹׵侲Ǳ˺ס
ֱһŽһŵдȷȷй̵Ϣ֪Ǽ٣Ҫ̽⣬Ҫʱ䡣
ǶԣʱΪݳ޵ĶûܹȷжٵʱֵܹǺõڴǼȻĻҲûκεİ취ȥؾˡ
һĿʮаЩ֮ЩһһſƽƽСֽȫԵȸɸɾģҶʣ
ҪӲܹȷԼÿһȷġ
ص
Ȼ˵ĻҲá
һ׼ȷĴϣдĸ
̹úܺãǹúܺã
Ҫ˵İȫ˵ҪܹӾһĵط
ҾĹЩ٣ִ𰸣Ը̹ϵȥϣ֪˶೤ʱ䡣
Ļ֮УʱѾòͬѰͻƵʱǰȶԵ𣬾Ϊһ뷨Щεʼ
ôܹһأĬĬţʱö֪
Լһֱһþеԭ򡣿ǲһʵڵˣҪһʺˣֻһּ΢ĴЦݵı飬
·ڳЦһж췽ҹ̷һĸо㲻ϺãøӵĲá
ëȻǡĪаܻ뷽跨һЩҩЩճҩɢһɹŹֵϢЩΪ⣬ȻܰЩȥ
һ𣿡
һһβԸҩģЩ뷨ԾȻֽϵʱ
еŭѾﵽ˼㣬ڷҪԼССͥԺ֮УԼܡ
ղŵ׼ҩĶû׼õĻɲ㡣
˵˾ķȫڻ͵΢ЦûκεϢȴֲŭ


402   

㡭
Щû뵽ȻԼ˵Щ̫ˬĺǳ˵ġ
ôܹӶǼ˵Сһ㡣
ҪСЩʲô鷳˵̵׻ǻȥˣȻ֪ȴţҲ֪﾿ܴܲȥ
һ仰ĸԺ棬ض
ԼҲȰԸϻܹĽܹѸٵҵרҵԼ˳ǻӵ
еƹˤ˵ҲǼе뷨
֪ǲ׵ķŹҵģҲûָǻôһ뷨Ҷ̹Ȼܡ
ĪаɫϸѿһĨЦݣȴ
׼ȥô˵ģĻͲˣ
ĵĽһĨЦݣĵĳܽظ⡣
ҲҪô⣬õһҩ𣿾һ𣿴ɲأȻĻҵЩЦ
Ƶ˵šɲʲôɵӣȻǲֱӵǰ˵ǰĿǡô
֪˽ţȻҪΪԼǺú·ģЩǲõģôǶ飬ҾԲ档
ȻΪﲻԼԸһУɵɵĴ
͸оԼܵ裬ܹﱻţŮ˵ĵλҫǶ飬ô˾ͲԸˣĺһĿӲΪƺڳ˵Ĳ
֪жı£бµĻֱӵȥܣ
࣡Īаֱ˦һƣͷҲأѵ˵ķֱӸҹȥ˼
ĪаоһһܵıУԽģԽ˾ĸĴʹġ
Ҫڳһ޹ı飬Ӧ֪һжҵġӵļᶨ˾ǶøƣҲԸⱻȴ
˵һգҪ˵Ļͻᱻ˵ű
ĪаԸųȥĻôԼԼץסᣬĲٷ֣һ·Լģһ·Լץס·
֪ʲộѵҾͻ׾ٵе̴ͨ뷨ȥҲɽһжǾ˭˭Ҷ𣿡
ںɣҪ˭Ҷôһ⣬Լȥģ
ȻˣȻ㲻ҶĵĻǾͿ˭ʤ˭ҪУҩȷеҩ
һЦ˴ǵһĨ׺͵Цݡ
кֶܶЩûһǺýĶԵûҲӦ֪ģõĽʽǷεĽӣԵĻҾȸҪֵЩ˼ֻǽһģҲ򵥵һĽҩѡ
һЩ˵˳Щãôõɣܹǰ֮ǰĿ⣬ӱ̰ڵţĪȡõ
Ȼ˵ĻǶһ㲻ҪСˣȻѲҩ֮Ķˣǲһһ䣬ֻҪߡ
ɢĹ⻷һֽ֣˾ԽܣǶԣΪĽ֡
ҪһҧסĹ⻷һ뵽˶
û뵽Ȼȵı£ǳҵˡ
Īаܿת֮ǰĶԴʧתƵڵЩΪֻ飬ûжԴ˹ᡣ
ǵһϵԣͬƵƿ
ѵһΪģҰˣȻ󡭡
㲻˵ЩĻˣȻ׼ȻҲ֪׼׼
ѵÿԳԼˣ˵ܻһ黺͵ĸоͬǡô֪
˶֪˴˵һ㲻ʲô飬Ҳ㲻ʲô顣
ĵ˵ۣϸضһͬǿԱߣĿ⣬Щĺɻ
һΪھᣬ뾿ôȽϺá
 ǵûҪֻҪԸĻĪаһĨЦݣ֮ǰ֮ûһ·磬Ҳûһˡ
ڲʼʱ


403   

ֻҪԸĻҵģʱضԸ㣬Զһ飬𣿡
̶ͳɤɢĳϢҡҡͷҲ֪Լô͡
˵һõΣ˭Ӯ˭仹һ顣
ĪаЩѰĴ
ȴûôţ㣬ҪľһõεĻͲµҹ㣬ͲƴҪ
һʫ˵úá
ڸںЩ첢ңԶܰеϣ죬ҪԼ
˵Ҫôܹ˵ôԸΪŪýҩ
˵˵ǵ΢Цǡǡӯӯʱһ֮С
ûʲôȷķӣôŵĻҵǸһ򵥵Ľʽɡ
̵˵ָ⣬Ϊ⣬ԸΥ飬ԸԲµġ
ֻҪڸҽҩܹҵʹĻҾԸ⡣
Īа֪Ի룬ҧŴҡҡҡͷ
Ϊʲôͬ뷨ɵĽһ飿
ֽ˵һַǲԸ⡭
ļ
Ȼ˵Ļ㲻ԸͲԸ⣬һܵĻζûˣ˵Ļ
ԽԽеɥֻ˵Ĺ֮УҵԼĹޣĹ޲ʲô顣
кһһĵӣ鲻ö˵Щʲô˾ЩģĪаץס֡
ѵõĸֳĹ⻷֮ǰȻͬڵͬٵꡣ
Ҫߡ
ҧгݵ˵ˣһ仰֪֮Լվ·ˣ˵һ·ڵĹޣӦԼ
̲Ӧȥβ׷Ѱһˣȴ侲һһ飬ƺʲôڷĸԼ
ǵĻʲôϵأǵĻʲôϵֻҪȥˣǲǶԸ̫˾
ǡôǹûܹȷ𰸣ǲòһ㣬˵Ӧ罥֮еɢһ̵ͬϢ
ˣҲãȻĻԸķ䣬һ·ܵһġ
Īаûʧ˵ִؿͳһɫСƿӣƿҩ裬˵ֱӵİһҩ˵
Щ졣
ڵȴ𣿡
ƺڿűˣҲƺڿԼûܹ֪ĴӦεĽȥ
شĵȻҲ˵ЩʲôֱӵģҪ˼ܹܵɬδ֮ϺδսңЩҪˡ
ĪаȷѡҲԹɵ
ȻҲڵģһᱣĲ˵ȥҲҶĳŵģҲ˵
̰˰Լ֣Ȼ˳ȥ
һɫû뵽ĽչôӵĲ졣
㾿ǼʲôҩΪʲôôأ
Խ˵ԽߣһžµС渡ֳˣͬħһĹâƺҧгֱӰˡ
ҲðĿⷴϿţһʵҲûʲô˼ģʲô뷨ĻӦҵǼҵ֯ұϾѡ˴ҡ
ζؿһۣȤ˼㣬һŷ߷߲ƽС淢ֳ񼵶ʶֵУԵֻһˡ
ҪǾʲô飬ʲôƽĻʵӦҡ
εԼļЦһ֮·оԼʲôЩЦ͵ĵˣһĨ
ҲԸҶ˵޲ԲԣӦҲ˵Щʲô飬Ҫľ÷߷߲ƽĻ
֪˲ҶԼʲôֽţһʲô뷨ĪаֱӵĹʰĸɸɾҪԼ棬ǺֻȻ˸
һ˫С֣Ķļ򣺡ĵĻһԿ˵һëĻǼӻô̷Դ㣬ֻҪ뷨ұ֤㲻ڡ
һһġûκεİ취ÿһ仰Լʹ޵һ㣬ʾ֭ҲҲκεһ仰
ľͬŻɵա


404  ſ

һԶеĽչ˳һ˵һжһʱ˵Ρ
һжǺ¥ѣʹ˶ԾͶԡ
Щʱţӵ뷨ܸκεϲãΪЩ뷨
һˡ
롭
ﷴ߶֣ƺлܵůĻӵԼһ˫ʱĴʱʱĸԼӡ
ĸо㲻Ϻã˾ЩͬѰ
̼˳õʱ䣬ΪʱĹƣÿϰ˿˲дҩ֮󣬾ͳ˯ȥ
̾ԼΪЩԾȵճϸĿѪȷûκε֮̾Ϣһ
ôһʱԽԽ˯ˣأ
Ȼ֪ӦôͣǲܸΣһһ죬ʱеľȫ˳ȥһһľЩ
ĪаĴҲԵıˣһһ죬һҲûжչ˵˼ʣʱ䶼һĵģף
˵ǿ羰ģǿĻ룬ֻʲôӣʱһ춼ǰ죬ʱһ컹ҹЩʵڵģʱʱ򻹻¥ӿ˳Ļƣһһ
ྭ֮Ҳٻҵһ뷨֮еһ
֪·Ҫ߶ãҲ֪Լ˾ʲôʱŻȰһ뷨ھһһģʵʡ
ڵһ˼죬˵Ǽ죬˵ʲô¸ʱ䣬úҹɴһһӳ
ĪаκεȨûа취֪ôЩ
һϲġ
ĵ˼ʱͻѡ˯˯ĥʱİ취ţεĿޱȵӣ˭뵽Ȼһ鶼ûˣʵ̫Ϊ
ƺһΡ
̸ܵԼƮƮģԽһУѡϤͥԺѡӵɵĵǺһǿԼ侲еԺɢĹ
ϸضһݣܹЩӣЩЩһ
ʲôĶʱĶùˣż˵ľЩɢ͵Ĺ
ͻЩսľǺһǿԼ侲Ȼ˵ľЩ촽ͬһ㣬ĸţȴܵ˲ͬѰ塣
ЩѸٵɢĹ⡣
պһոµˡ
룡
Ҫ󺹳ҪǸоԼǱһ˽һ˵Ĵʲô鶼Ĺ¶Ӱ
ĸо㲻˺ã˸ܵĲҪЩѹǻѪ춯Ϸš
룡
һεҪ˿ԣܹ߶ǧǧֺܵϲãһһĺţһһıߡ
ֻܴһɲǣظ֡
뿪ʼġ
Ϥĵط
ܹܵϤϢƮɢԼıʼǡ̹ȻõϢȴ뷨
Լ⣬ǽⲻһؾܹϽİһյ׽⿪Ļһоͻӭж⣬һ󷨣Ҳ˺ôĹ
ڶûҵֻһһˣʮʱ̡
;ԼǿյģҲһܺóԵĸоͻܵʮӵѪҺϣ֪ĴӨӨӡ
Ҳûʲô˾Щֵôģǿ۶ôӣܾЩͬѰ
ĵƺһڷԼûûϽĴɡ
ĸӣȴԼɵˡ
ס֣İڻʵȷ֮
뷨
ô졭
ĿŤת˱ˡĪаֻһ˹չһͣǲԸصޣĻһʵӡ
ͰԼļƻ˵һ飬ǧ͵ÿ콻һ͵ʱ
෴ҲˣҲû֪Ķˣʵʵĵһ˿ȸ籼ܰɣΣԼϲԶ߸߷ɣǺ¡
̿˵⵽˼㣬Цš
ֻҪߵ˵ҶԸ㡣
̽ץס֣һӶԸſ


405 ׼


̽סֱԴ΢
ˡ
Ҳû뵽ĪаҲôݡ
廹ﲻ
ǡôͬĺһ˷ֲӿ
ס֣ҡҡͷ
ò˰취ܹƹȥĪаΪ˵õٲʻ϶Ҫ˳ȥŽǾܹߡ
֮лǡô⡣
Ըա
ס֣뷨
ҪһߣαǾԲһ
ǡүò׻˽ҶߣܹԲɱңҵҽõıϡ
˵ỺͣϸĴһȷûн룬֪ʱȣûʱ䡣
һ԰ڰԱߵ·¸Ÿ롣
˴ֺڵѣ·ʧȥ˹һЩ
ֻúõģԽԽ١
һҪúõģҾҪ飬ֻҪүܹ˳ĳȥɽڣûա
ͬŨء
ĪаİԼȻô΢΢̾һ
뿴⸱ģᶨĵ˵ͷ
ȷ˵ģΨһĽʽǱ˵ֻӵܹǰߡ
ǳǳתûж˵
ץס֣ϸģȻְһɫҷ
Īа֮ǰֶ˵ãȷµߡ
ãİжԵҩĶ˲Ӵ
͵͵Ƶ¶ҩүԽ飬ֱӵİҵҩ۶
˵ļĹ
ȴ˵ְҸֱߡ
ȶǷ߰ɡһͶһϡ
ͬϽȳȥⶼ֢ʱܹ֮
ûж˵Щʲô
֪ȥĻҲ֪ʲôʱܹߣԵ˵ͷ
Ͻߣ֤ϣ
¹ӯɢǶƺһǳĹԡ
ڴһõĴֲѣڱ˴˵оĻͻ⡣
Īа糾͵ĹȻһŷۺɫĲҩ
û뵽ôѸٵľѣѵһĲУĬĬ̾һ䣬Ǻò
ҩҵˣô죿
ǴƵĻߣü֮䶼Ũ̡
赭дĴĶܹΣͬĪľһɺ
ʱ䡣
ò׹ˣļ֮´ͥԺĵһҪȵȱֻܹ취ȰЩֶ֧
ڳһɵģϸо˲ҩҩڿ֮ɢ˺Ϣشš
ĪаĵĹ˴ǣϸĶ
ܹ֮еĹ⾰
㻹⣿
Ĳ˵ܹѸٵµĲҩ֮ҵѵһ⡣
ҲòȥڵжԵıĪԼץȡֵ;
ĪаǺܺõġ
ֻܹѹסԼеһŭĲŪŲҩήĵطĸһһ㡣
ҪȣҪ׵ķ˹Чȵ׵֮á
ǳǳЦЦһ˵ŵȷĹЧȵ׳á
Īа΢ҽҲû˵ٻĺһȴġ
ɲҪңǾԲϻġ
ĪаЦЦ
ȻĻӦôźã
Ҫʱ䣬¹ԡ֮صľֻĻܹ׵ѹסڵĶԡ
ϾҲӦ֪ڵĶر֮ǰһֱѹ֣ûг׵ıڣٶȸѸ٣ü֮ѹơ
ĪаԼ࣬ȷܹܵһһĴݲ
һǹģô죿
Уֲɵû˵ģҺһϵƣ֪ĸҶ¶߹ӵĻҲҿһϧˡ
¹ӳ֮£˵Ĵ࣬ȷ˾ʲô⡣
ĪаĺһִԼͳһɫƿе˼źɫҩ衣
ҿҩɲ֮ǰҷȥҩĽҩ
ĹҩΧпǶҩ
̽ŵ˿ڿˮѾŶҩȥôŪأ


406 

ҪǵĹԹԵĳȥĻһܹһ
Īаᣬȴɱ⡣
ĵʼֻٰһҩȥ˦˦֣֤Լ׵ġ
ҲҪ㻨ôĹвңȻҳԵĻҾͳԸ㿴
ҩˣûиоʲô⡣
΢һ
Īа⸱ɵģ̲סɲҪ̫⣬ȻûʲôԣһʲôΣյĻ¾Ҫ
ĳ
ĺݶ
ĬĬţҲûа취
ھúõģһòݣԡ֮ɣ֮ҡ
ûķ˸ۡаɣԼĪаûκεİ취
ֻܹ̾һ
һĹȥ
֮ǰۺɫĲҩ޵ĴɫҸ˾ֻҪݷߣܹŵ֮еķ㡣
̧ͷ
׼˼֮Ϊҩ𣿡
Īаʧһںɫĺͳһ
ĵĵ˵ͷ
ڳɰڴһ١
˾ȴš
Īа̷ȥ˽ҩΪĶػͽ⣬ҩҵײʱΨһܹӳȥĻᡣ
ʱ䣬ȻܹƳϵĶصĽҩǺôҲܹⶾأܹѡ
Ӧô죿
ںܼ򵥣ȥҪ¹ѹĶأȻȳòݣΪƵһµȡ
赭д˵ġ
ĪаҲϻϵߵͥԺ棬¹覵ĴˣȻǷһĨЦ⡣
ǧҪʲôֽ֪ģһĻҿɱ
ҵȻǰԼԲ顣
Ỻ͵ЦЦǵĻǡô
ҩȥǳǳסԼ֣뾿һķʽ䲻ö֪
ĪаЩҩǳǳ̾һ
ͷֱһѪ˳
ץסᣬϵĴһڣԼõֻҪܹԤʾš
ھץסʱĻᡣ
¹ĮӰ
뷭ǽ룬һѱ̽ýĶڣ뽻˳ذΪնڵؽס̵֡
ߡ
á
ֱӵĽסץסϽ׼ܡ
ĪаôԸԳ
Žż⣬ҧԼ̫һ
㻹ǲĻܹӳҲڻʳ·ϣ㻹Ĳ¶
Īа۹֮ѵõĴĲᡣ
Ҫ˵ĻĻʹһʹ顣
ץѾ˶һὣֱҪ
Ҳ˵ЩϻҵķȻҺúñҪͷ㡣
ô˵Īаܵؿһһʹǽⶾȥδһ¡
һһѴ󵶡
ܹʲô飿
˳ץסԼ֮ǰߵǸɫҽҩ˳
ĺúȥ˯ɣҲ飬һĽҩ
˶ס˺
Īа񣬿ҩʲô̼ζ
ζ̲סĹһ¡
Īаȳһһõûץסˡ
һԵҲǱ˸ŵ
ððû뵽Ȼ¶ķʽ
ǧǣһʧ
Īаû뵽Ȼַʽˡ
ҲǴҴģĪакУץǣֱ˳׵Ĵ۸ӵͥԺ֮̾һ
ˣΪүսĻ˶
ľšȴ˵ظ̧󣬷󲢲ƽȣǵ֮ǰ˵Ļء
ûоﲻһøҡ
үģЩ
չ¶һĵϢϣΪǡ
ʲôҩģҲȻܹóģĶ
˵ļͣɷܹ¹ӳ֮ԵøӵĲ԰ס
ûκεĽɫסֱ۵ĶҲ鲻Խĸ
ûʲô𣿵һǵģϽȥ
̹ͷ˺ѷεʹȴҵĴһһļţ˵ֻܹͷð亹


407  µҹɫ

ҹ·ûκεĹܹͻȺĿµҹɫ
̱Ѫɫ˴ϡ
ס֣ȴܲκεů˵޷еõƬ̵¡
һ
ڲ֪ǻ
ڴһ㶯ûУֻܹ֮ǰԵǼҩĸо˵ϺãҲ֪˾Ǵӡ
ǧһ֮ʣͻȻĿ˼ѪҺͬɫ
κεĿԵֻմܹһּܵӸС
ĬĬĸ֮£ݶ͸¶ɫĹâͬǧ֦
Ķͷס֣֮ǰʱ򣬾һǧ˲Ρ

ȿȡ
һ
ôˣ
֮һֱĻع飬뵽Լӳ˻ڣ̾һǲ絴ɢ̵Ĺ
ʵһֶһֻĴ
ʲô飿֮һʱĻع飬ܹܵļ٣Ȼ³һ
ƵĿ
öûﲻ
ҡҡ֡
ûоЩ岻ģ֪⣬ĳһҩû뵽ҩǱסҵĻ
˵Ҫһߣû뵽ĪаȻһӣһ˵Ǹһ뷨ԶԶԤϡ
ҧгݵ˵Ǻñ죬û뵽Ȼ˵ֶΣЦ
ˡ̲ΪʼڰѿɬȥҲ𽥵ıú
˵Ϊ˲εܹɫĺһĨ糺˾òĿϾӡ
ƺǳȫɢĹԣ벻ɣһ־;ȴԤ֮⡣
ǷҶ˺֣İ취ҲܹܣֻҪġ
ץס֡
һ㣬̶Ҳõģһַ˵һֶɽ𺣣Ҷܹһˡ
ĵ˵ͷܹܵרů˱Ǻһ׮ĸԸ
˵ˣܻΪ۾
ͬΪӵأֻܹ˵ǿǳǳ֮ɢĹȦ
ܻһͷĿѣĸоǵСҩιҩʱ
ſĺһҩЩҩǿİƳõĹ
һʱʱĸļ򣬸ļϣܹ侲
¡
ţǲ֪ˣһ޶ĳֻ֪һ¡
еʹͱֻǲܹ֪ġ
罥Ĵš
̴΢Цûκεı仯˵֮жЩ󣬶ܹ赭дĹʣ
Ҫܹܵůģ֮ǰȶ˼ֻ
ø̹Ȼ
ȵ̶ҩ֮󣬲ү̶ȥһ˵ƻɣ˵⼸ĵƻᴫúòѤãһֱҪȥ
ĪаڿҲûйȥǣѾӵʱЩġ
֣صĵ˵ͷĿ֮дŵüĿҲ˼֣һҲǺһ׮
һֱ棬ܻ˾Ƿʱⶼһȥ
ӦĽ˿ȸӦú֮ϣЩ˲֪Щȴ⵱
ĪаƴҪһ˵ƴҪܽİԼߣ뷨ǾԲԵģ˵ֻ±롣
ЦЦȻһҨһ۸ιȥ
ʵ̫ˣ̶ԲЩҩĸһЩ۽ӣһЩۣϣܹȹѹء
үһ͹ˣֻҪүڣǼ࣬Ҷη塣
һһ˵ļĿУǾʲôʼնţֻҪڡ
һõĿɽҲܼ֧㡣
һŷսǰеĶ
ֻҪԸ⣬ʲôҶ㡣
̷ĵ˵ͷԼ뷨͵ĳ
ҰҲ뷨ճүܷܷҲйʱ䲻ڵǡ
ò뷨е
ҪȥˣǶڵƻʱһͬ
Ҳǣƹܵı֮¶Ц绨ĳ
Ȼû飬ƹ⣬һʱ顣


408   һ޶

ƻ绨Žأ̻Ƶ׺ڲ񷣬磬ͷˣ°ɫ۶˵ÿ˫洽Цǵܷܷң̶Цʲô
ƿҹ°̶࣬°ɫۣүĸɷ緶үĴģһ޶ү㿴֪Сڶİүأ
Դ׵ĻҲҲ̿֡
ô㻹ô׳Դס
ܷܷһһǹԵģҲ˵һġ
û뵽ʱͬһԼһķŹǺΡ
ҵû뵽ҶǳԹһˡ
Ҳǻͷһۡ
˵ĻϾڶ쵽ˣϾҪˣҾҪһɩɩˣô˵
˺ˣûдȥܹüĿ麦ߵĻѾӡ
ܷܷдʵ˵ҪھͺˣĻһÿһģ
Ȼô˵ţҲԵĸܵ˿Ͼ̵ܹĨɫģ֮ǰûκεѪɫ
֮ǿ˷̻ⱻĳβ
С̯СڷŸ߸ߵĻѤ£أ¶繵ζ
̻ɫ϶Ϊһǣ֣ץסȴ˳ģĹƣɨһ۾̴֪ľƷмѣƮ֯öɰģůɫĹ⳿½
໹ȻôÿСӵƾܹõ
ǵ΢ЦҪģʲôˣû뵽ܹûʶʱ򣬾ܹСӵ͸
ܷܷҲһʶļ򣬷˵š
㻹ǺҸôɰӵƶܹõɷ˰
˵ⷬΪãǵ΢ЦҲһޡ
ֻû뵽ͬǽµɴźһĨճյЦݣְ˹ɫĿ£͵ɵġ
Ϲ誵Ҳû뵽
˵ɣȻܹǡ
ڳһŵģƺܴҲΪĴǶ͵Ļȡ
ǲԩҲͷû뵽ܹϹٹҲʲô顣
̲Ϊüһ˵ĻпܱȲֱӡ
˭ʤ˭䣬Ҫء
ܷܷ֪֮䷢ôĶԹԹǹģҲȻף϶ʲô¡
Իͽ̵ĳɶһֽŵ˼
ĬĬֱӵߵǰ档
û뵽ϹټҵĹӾȻǲżѣĻñЩЦˡ
ݲȵ˵֮ɢĵ⡣Ϲһηģ
ҵô˵ţձǵƻĴʱڣ˵ײе˾ǲүʵ̫Сˡ
Ϲ˵ģܻ˶ŭǲϡ
һߵ˵Ȼ˵ĻǺúõһƣ˭ʤ˭䣬һδ֪յףǹӣⷬ˵ĻͽŽյƻʱĻѡ
Ц˵ǲµգǰǲ±޵ֵģû˸Һµ¶עΪ⽫һذܵĶľ֡
ļؾ֡
Ϲ誽ʳҲ˵Щʵδ֪ҲǺЦص˴ǣ˰һЦģ
ȴԼ뷨˵
Щ黹̶ˣҾͺá
˵ݲȣʱ衣
̵˵ͷϾԼҵķҪԼǰ磬϶Ҫ㾳ء
ȻûһȵŵĻǵúÿ˭ܹӮ˭ܹ˵ȻĻҺˡϹ誺ضϸĵţ񲻻ѹ
ٻ˲ˬ˼㣬˭ʤ˭û˵
˱һߵ˻ҪĵһһϣƮҡһ
̧ͷϸĶһһƪ˿Ǽ˶ǴԹŲģЦǺǵ΢Цӭ
֪Ǽλǹģ
գգԼ۾˵ͷ
һҲǴݲȣӦ֪
һӮľ֡
ܷܷһҲǿѪ͵ģԲ׾ĶԹԹҲԣҾǺ̡ܲ
Ϊĸ˵շĹ죬Ҳ˲˺µΧ۹


409    

Ϲ誸ǾԼǱӮľ档
ȻλҪ˾һսĻҲҽһ¹ÿһһֻҪܹ¶յ׾ܹõҡ
ߵü֮еżϲãںܶ˾ؿ˹ԥڸĵϽİѹ͵
ܹõĵ˾ǻʤߣֻԽϵԽѣÿҲֻһβĻᣬˣ
Ȼĵ˵ͷҲʲôŲƶֱӵ̤źʵ֣ȥſ˵һ
ơ
ȵ˵յ֮üϹ誡ϹȻҲǲʾģߣѸٵʻչṦϱţƺҪڽҪһָ±ʳȻˡ
ܷܷһдʡ
һô졭
޿κεһӡ
㵹Ǻãôʲô鶼ûоδԾܵжӪȥѽ
ⲻǵĳʲôǰ׼ɲҪΪ۸
ܷܷչչ˫ۣڳһ޹ģ
޿κε̾һ䲻֪Ӧôչ⻰Ҳ˵ûֻܹһЩ
ðɺðɣ˵ҿ˵㣬ֻ˵Ļ
̧һģ
͵ЦЦǿʼһҵĶ޹Ļ֪ʶΪĶ
뻹ȵĶ׵˶ˣѸٵõһۻƣѤ¹ӳ֮¸͡
Ϲͬץס˻ᣬͬʱסһ
Ůӡ
⡣
߿ģЦǺǵ˵һյƿҾģôֻ͸Ե֮ˣһλӼȻܹߵһصĻܹҵҲʲô¡
Ϲ誽ס˵ͬʾһߣ˵Ŀݺݵľţͬʳ硣
ܹͬĹ⻷˵ǳǳıӰ
ͬһŮ貨΢ˮˮȥֻǰӰ֮ж˼Ƶķϡ
Ϲ誻ûһζʲôܹݲȵ˵
裬ҫɾգɡ
һԼȳٶѧ׵ˣ׷ΪĻʼ˹ƣЩʵ˵̫ˣ־ŮӵҸҹһʫ⡣
ã
ҲǻȻԭһ۵Ҳĸʲô飬ǾǵıȽϣ˭ܹдʫ
Ϲ誻ͷˣû뵽Լôͻᱻܡ
һǿԼ侲֮õıӰǳǳЦЦ
Ըķ䣬֮ǰ鱾һΣòҪǣڡֹ
˭ҵİۻĵȡ
⵱Ȼҵˡ
һԼ̾ĵ˵ͷ
ܹԼϲĶ͸ԵˣҲһ׮
Ϲֻί
Щܹܲҵ취˸û뵽
һ˵ĸһ䡣ϾƻỹҪȥҲǻĻڵȴǡ
̣̻ȻסƸ佱үѵĵҲܹС
봽΢΢ɡʲôƣʲôѵ̶ҪʲôƣΪ̶Ӯ
򣬷УδͣЪ渡Ӱƣƻϲ֪ƣǡ緱һһߡ
̿Ӱ輧̧󣬳ȵ¥¡
ʵ̫ˣû뵽һεĵƻȻ˵ĺÿ
֮ǰȣͬ˼ݻѩ
˵⻰ϻж֪࣬үûܹܷܷһͬȥһ֮ǰʱͶЩܺء
ܷܷɷµ˵š
Ŵ˻Ҳһ
𣿽ЩδȻˣЩڴ
֮ǰǴδȥ˶ĵط
Ͻ
СҼҵģôȥһз֮һΪз֮ȥǲǲ̫á
һЩ΢ɫ֮ǰҲ𽥵
һֱ׳Ҳʲô顣
ʲôѽ
ֻܷܷҪ˳ԼҲ޼ɵҲ
ôҲܲˣѸٵĴһ¡
ûûʲô


410   

ܷܷȻʲô顣
˶ˣһȥһԵ˵ܹԸ˶źͺԵ
ʵĲ۾Ȼ̸ҪɻŮˣ뷨ôڲͬ
ܷܷȥĻȥɣԱߵͺˡ
ܷܷϽĵ˵ͷ뷨֮ڡ
ϣܹһĽһ飬ȻȥԱϺúõĿһЩνĻ
Ǿжôÿܹǰ֡
ܷܷǰߵķɿ죬Ȼ̺粢ģɢΣźǻɢһƽ͵Ϣʲô¡
һ޴ĴŵƽʣŽصģЩɵĹƼ˵ģǵĴһһ
Ŵģĺÿ
鲻Խظ̾һ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ϶˲ٵһӵĻҲûôǮܹɡ
ȨҪѡ֮Уܹ׽ЩĿ¾ӡ
˲µûдؿǻ˲ٵֱΪһϣܹʿ
ѵΪ˴תϣֻΨһ͸¶ļֳ˼
Ρ
ض̫ˣݻֶܹԸΪЧˡ
ǾҪҪȥһΣǾЩʲôҪЩʲô
ǾҪıЩʲô
Ҳܺ棬Щʲô
һᵽҲģ֮ǰδȥ¥Ҳδ˾֮Ůӡ
Բɵôڴ
˵֬ˮۣȲ̶
˵黰Ҳ
̷·ãΨҴͷԲ࣬ΪԼӮһһĻơתһҹ衣
̻࣬׺񷡣ǰչ¶ϸ߸ɫĺеĸɾеڷ紵£ī紹㱣ּС
ܷܷȸԾ
˺ˣǾҵĺϢɣҪȥҵĺԵˡ
˵ţȴδ뵽ԼͻȻĳһһĨɫӰ
ЦЦš
ʵеЦ䣺˺ˣڴȥˣŰɡ
ܷܷȴɫʣ˫ֱ磬ֳֺܷܷ񣬲֦ϡ
˵ҵԽߣԽʵִ֣֦֮ϣһףǺ棬ܷܷץԥ˼嵭糾ܷܷ
ܷܷ㿴˺öԵĺ񣬰дǡײ롱ôǰЩӱ˵鴫龩ˣŷҵСдɽ˺ģǻһоɿ
ܷܷԶԡ
ҹ죬ĬĬԳź򺮣ܷܷתָ£Զ۵Цֲ̿
ǱӲԣӸⲻǡ
ܷܷĻ֮ûдŶʵĸܺ͵Ǹ
ֻɫɺ񽻵ݸ򺮡ٯﻹϼ֣ңʵɲǵֳϲС
ҹӲףṦһܷܷ΢ţΪֻǰæû뵽㲻·Ѿ򺮣ĦӲ֪Ǻá
ǲ֪ôˣҾӦôܷܷĬĬţû뵽˵Ķ졣
ܷܷڴִ֦ϣ֣¹ʣѾδкĶˡؽϵһᣬĻ˫ۣߴʤǴ˾
ȴԼϲģСãһһģܹһЩϲøС
ܷܷͲԵͲ

ĬĬĸ̾һȻŮģܹԥشĵ档
ɣɫӳü䣬뻳
ܷܷգգۣˮᷭԲʣĳ顣
˵Щ֮һİѱȥ
ܷܷԼѾһһģ˲֪Ǻá
ǵģΪʲôҪȥǣͲúõĵҡ
ΪĿĶţžȡ
е¶ȫգһֱһֱѹġ
ܺãܹôģ
ܷܷϽĴ˵Ļ֮ЦЦװӷ
ܹŵ棬֮϶кõԵˡ
ΪڳΪһֻ֪ˣЦЦ


411  ſ

̺ǧǧĲ˲⿴Ĵϡ
ôЩ̫á
ܷܷȻĿľΪ˿Щ˵ģǵ̤Ĵϵʱܸоһɱ⡣
˼Ķһ￴ĵطûʲô̫⣬װƷԥ
㾿ô룿˵ôܹ뵽顣
ƵԼһ˵϶ԼôܵõһȷеĴ𰸣ֻ֪ʱҴ֮£ȥܹõгķչ
ҪˣЩֶεĻʫ϶ҲȴǾԲԴС
ĹԽ̽һһģһֻ޷ʲô⡣
վ˵ĺ档
ļ򣺡ҪȥҪȥЩʲôͷĴ󵨵ȥɣҲֻܻ󱣻㡣
ܷܷĵ˵ͷ
֮ǰһ̸ֱһ뷨ܹõԼϲˣһĸڿȻ鴫˼Ӳĺܡ
̲Ըȥ뷨֮󣬾ķ羰Ӱ飬Ҳͬģļ
ûû£۷ʲô飬ֻҵĺúõĴžͺˣȻܹ
˵ǻĹһĨЦݣֻͣû֪ʲôҲû֪
ʫ͵͵Ĺ۲ǡ
ǵӴ󣬾Ȼ֪ˣ⻰ȫүҵģˣǲȻĻЩۡ
Цøá
̻û뵽顣
䲻֪֪뷨
ܹһԵſͣҲʱʱؽĿͶݹЧӦʵһֹĸо
Ǵϵһж˵Ļ㱡
ܹЩҲܹ嵴Ķޢ껪
ܷܷȴĿϾӵĿЩ޵Ůӣȹȹ߲߰ĹӰشصɢﻨ¡ƺȺߵһһӣ
ͬЩɻ󣬶վԺʱ򣬱ܹһλŮӴݲȵ
ʫ
̧ܹ뵽ʫᰴס뷨߹
վǰϸĿʫʫͬмĶǴǵ΢Ц֮ǰûκε⡣
㲻ʲô顣
ʫǺǵЦЦЩŵ˵ɲӭǡ
Ϊʲôӭ֮ǰϴʱ򣬿û˵ʲôزܹϡܷܷȵѯʡ
ͬ޹գգ۾ЩЦ˵ô֪ʲô˻˵ʲôܹǶ赲֮ʲôϵ
Ȼ˵ʼ֮ѪϵǵٵˣóһҲһ£ĵ˴ǡ
ʫҧгݵ
á
û뵽ֵֶΣҲԸԼһʲôʹ졣
Ȼ뷨ȻķִĻǲȥˡʫֱӵˣļ򣬶ǳ
ȴֱӵס֣ʹƵһߡ
ֲɾѵ׼ҵˣ
㣡
ʫ֪Լܹڵλݺݵѹһͷ̣Ҫе⣬ͬû뵽
Ȼ˵Ķ
ܷܷҪǲݵģԼķ˿
ν֮ȣ˵СȲ˵Щ顭ܷܷڳһŵģ
ҵˣһˣҪйڴʲô飬Բԡ
ܷܷ΢Ц㲻ϺãҲ㲻ϳƣǲòϣһܻʫȤΪѡ
ʫﻢ£ĲǼȥĻԼơ
ƮƮ˵ţȣ¡
ʫ֪롣
ȻһһĶ׼Ź˵ĻҪһˡ
Ӻеһ룬ЩнĲ̫ãͨͨ
ʫֻܹ䰵ճһĵ΢Ц
Ȼ˵ĻȻҲҪڷϣȻĻЩܻʧģԲԡ
ĵ̧˴֮е΢Цûзκν͵Ĺס
ǵζӦѹԼıԣֳ߱һŵģ
ʫһŸȴζܹǿԼ侲
غòҪкзݣôõʱôܹǡ
֪ͬ뷨ηʼ
ҪʲôµĻɳҹҵҪ㾿жô
貵ĹЦɢ⡣


412  Ҫ

ʫĵ뿪
̿ͷӣ鲻Խ¶һǳЦȻп϶ΣĻԲӡ
⴬ϲʿ棬϶顣
򺮴ǵ΢ЦǡôͬĿת⿴ôޱȵĴ
ƺƵ鱻ʷ˵ĻҪһˣһҪһһҹˣ֪Ϳ£Ҳ֪޶ʲôá
̵˵ͷȴԼԱߵܷܷ֪ܵȥˣ赭д̾һȻϸһܹǳЦӯӯ
һ顣
ܷܷӳ˷֣ܵȻһסѾӣС˵
½û뵽ôĻŮӰɣзһŮе졣
ܷܷϸĵ˵㣬Ȼ˵ķֱȥˡ
쿴Ǳڳ棬վڵŵĵڶŮӣеϤҲȷҾǲ
˳Ŀϸ˹ȥվǰһŵ輧ͬɢ崿Ĺ⻷
ӣܹǵĿ֮ͬɢԡ
ȴ˵ܸоŮӳЩϤףϸĶһȴû˭ǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ص۲һ£ʲô飬ֵġ
ܷܷ˳Ľӹ˻⡣
Ҳ֪ĽᵣЩ顣
ĿԵЩԥͻȻ鲻ͬѰ
ҵ⴬ܳ㹻Ǻúõһϵʱ̽Ѱ
ǳǳ̾һ
ˣȻʫĻǾòܷһģĸһһҪֵĻҲзص
ܷܷĵ˵ͷ
ܹ׵ķ鷢չεĵزлһܹˡ
ӳ֮£ܹӰĵһ罥
̴뿪ڸ質ŵĵطȴԽ߽Խܹŵ֮ɢһɵĻݵķҷ
׷״ŲͬѰϢ
ܷܷĿбӡ
ܵĵط۵ס
Сһ㣬Ҫ㴥Ҿˮж
ҲǷδȻǴŸʽĽҩϽһżҪصȻߵǰ
ѯ
ǷʲôԾĵط𣿡
̵ߣɬЦЦ󲻶ɫؽʣµҩݸ򺮣ҵ˵ǳĿܹǡôİ˵Ķڸ
á
Ȱҩȥ޹ţܾЩԾ޹²ݺԵ㣬ģҵĽϻб䶯
˵Żǡô
Ŀһ˲ԥ
򺮸Ͻҩ֮ոշ鱨ǡ
ϸĶһ⴬ṹֵİѿأǽպ˵ʲôȻĻǾԲӵġ
޵ĵ˵ͷԲȷʲô˵ǴŷִģʲôĻǻˡ
ʫͬ˪һ㣬òһӣ׼ţЩīͶ¡
ͬѪĿⶢŴĸˣʱʱš
롭
͵Ͷ񶾵ĺ̵źϺϵĴ˳Ȼŭڸжԡ
ԽʲôĻԽǻЩƻϺ귢ֲԡ
ôѽүĻǻôĹѵҪ𣿡
ʫԽԽòˬò״Լĸôѵ̳˷ĴΪ˽죬ҲԲΪ̡
Դдʣһߴ˵˺ܶ࣬ÿһ仰һ̺ݺݵĴء
طŭӡ
˹ˣ˵ô࣬ѵܹʲôҪ뷨ܹΪҷǽĻ취ôЩͺá
˵ģٲǻɡ
ʫҧƴҪԼ侲ڻûбԣݺݵѵԼ
أɲҪЩͶʵģӦô˵ҪĻҵĸǾԲŹġ
غ޲ֶвԼĶסĺ
ɲҪˣ㲻ܵģ޵ҪΪҵķˣҪĻܹŻȥ
˵棬ʵܹʫ


413  Ը

ͨͨġ
ʫоԼĺİסˣҲûء
㲻ҪӣѵбҪҵĻǳɾͶò㻹ǺúݵİȻӶҡ
ʫԽ
Ͳ֪Լߵһʲôãһеİȫ˵ĿģζòһС
˵Ļʲô˼
عȥһǿԼ侲ܳһܺõķչţͿԸԸˡ
ҪԸҵĻԸһģåһĵĻΪǵĻ㿴Ҳɱ㣬ҲҰι㣡
з߷߲Ļ棬ȼյʢԭ֮ǰ˵Ļ棬ȴļһ
ʫɫԶֱֱֻӵİɫ˦ϡ
Ҵˡ
ʫһθܵвһһû
֪ԼмＸҲʹ侲
ǡ
ʫܸܵԼϵڷˡ
Լĺ¶һҰ׵΢Ц˼֮ɪɪҶද
ļ
ҪǹԹԵĻҲԲ˵ЩʲôأֻҪֵַʾ֮ϣԻúõʳǣ㲻ʶ̧ٵĻ
ʫ˵ص㣬ǰ˾ǼҲԸʩᣬһʺλãʧɡ
Ÿողűвˣܺõģһʱһ仰˵ֻܹĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵ĻʫúõķԸ
ܶĹâ֮˸ţ䲻֪ؾΪûκεİ취
⺣ˮڣ֪ƣӿš
ʫԼĵ뵽˺ףδ뷨ֱӵ̧ͷĬĬתŹ֮һĨӰ
Ӱ¡
ʫסԼ֣ܵӿѪҺڸɢ
ԭһжֻǲһΣԭһֻҵĳ롣
ʫԼδ˵ĿЦôû뵽ԭԼʲôŬһˡ
̡
¶ģΪףֻ׵ȥһУܹȷľ㡣
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򺮲סˣС
ǰȥˣҵһб䶯Ļ۵ǡ
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˭
벻ҪĿϸŤת˹ȥܹ֮ɢıɫʱˣҲӦôֻ˫껪Ůϡ
ҡҡ
̶Ĵ
µĴڴֻ˹սҲʲô£ͬľⳡսӦΪǶ졣
ԤУǾöԵϵܹ취˾ȳĻһ¡
֪ŮǲǲʲôҪԣҲΪֻĻܹĵĴ𰸡
̶һ¶˾Ҫ𣿡
֮ѵõĴе֣ء֣֮дѪԻ
ٿ˵ĳ嶯顣
֮ǰҲٺʶЩȻû˭ǾҪúõһץסҪȵĻǲһǶôһȻĻûջ񡣡
ػôֱʣ˻ֺĴһϿ뷨ûô򵥡
Ȼƽһ㣬һӦò޴˾ء
ȻԸҪĻôɡ
˵
ƻԻ貣輧֪ƣ貽ֻܹڲɽ֮ġ
˪·Ϊģ濴֮е˳ֱɫ
ŮҿԵˡ
һʯǧˣڳ˶û뵽˵ôԵ
Ҳû뵽Լ޼ɵĹһ˵޼ɵĴ顣
˸ǳǳĹ⻷
ѵ˵㻰𣿻˵Ƕҵһ飿
ߺߵЦЦ
ͬİθ˵һޣѵһ˶û𣿡
һµĶûУ


414  ޹Ϥ

Żһš
ݣٵֻͨͨͣʣŮǹһĨЦݣԶɽ
¡
̰ӣƺڶֻشĶϣ˵һ֮󣬱ζ̧üͷϵ¥ϵ߽

û뵽Ȼȵˣ˿ɲǱϾǱҵˣΣڱڡ
޹գգ۾
Ȼ뷨ҲǺˬ飬һ֣ǿ㵹һˣֻһССū
Խ赭дԽ˾ò
ĸŮֱۣЦһ
ֻǾ죬ЩԵŰҵѵѾҲ㲻ֻû뵽үȻ˽ţѲȾ˵⣿
赭д˴ǣɢЦݣỺ͵Ļȡ
һ㣿
ͬʾ
һ֪õĽ취̸ЦһŮ͹ȥ᲻סеġ
ҪЩʲô룬ò׵İЩȫԼ
ЦЦ
ĻҲȻԸүӰȡ֮еȻֻһūҲá
ǳЦĻһԵĹǷĳЦȻЦ˲һԸ߸ϵء
Ȼû뵽òõүȻҲĻǺЦ
ܹ۷׷ĳһЦЦݣ̧ͷ
һ仰˵ƮƮ˵
Ӱƣȡ֮еҾӳ֮֮ԡ
Ϊ˻һЦͬһĹȥûдκεɫʡ
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˵ĳġ
νʵʼ磬סֱۣǳǳѯʲô֣ˡ
ɡ
С˵Ŀĸɾ˵ȷǴˮī߳ŮҼѩͬһı
ȤһȻǣִ뿪
΢ɲöüͷû뵽ѸٵĽֻû뵽ûκε˴ĵķʽܹõɣ鲻ԽǲһȦס
Ͷȥ
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ллҡɵǡôܹ˵ļ顣
ֻǾ֮ͺҳݣӺ˵ɻǾʲô飿
ͬһЩɻãã֮УΪʲôԼΪĶأ
Ϊ֪ǿ϶Ըҵģ˵żʶ֣֮Ҳֻıܹҡ
ɷͷͷǵģҲУһԼϵĲһҲǸתˣӦó
ηգգۣһѵס֡
һֱ죬һ֪˭ʲôϵøҾʲô飬˵˭ʲôϵ
еŹâίʼ
һͲҪ˵ˣĺ˭ûйϵ
۵ĳ
һͣ˭ʲô⡣
ˣ
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뱧żϸĴһҲʲô⡣
ҲЩ졣
һѱĸ֮ǰͳЦһЩʲô˵㾿ҪֵزʵûʲôȤĻĻն¡
ƣһԿĳģΪͻɱһһ
ǿɲҪ˵ɿûʲôĻ뷨һжֻӳȥҹ֪
渵黡ȺͮͮҡҷȥʵĮǿԼ侲
Ҳ֪ô鷽ŻԼԵòôЦɱ
Һͼɢˣͱ˷Ʋͨ˵ĴС㣬ԾѧϰЩ黭ģòеĳ·ȴû뵽ֻǴһһѡ
Խ˵Խһ·֪ô߲ܹߵ̣Ը⡣
ɱܣҪƴ׷
ҪѰһɣȴʲô򵥵顣
ΪļϸĶһǾϤ


415  ø

ѵֵز
˸֮УΪȻɫϸǼһЩģͲΪ⡣
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ͷģ֮дȡ
Ϲҵա˵һΪӣȻûκεϲ
룬͸磬ҲҪΪҵʵʲôƫЩʲô鶼ܸı䣬ҵõ˲ٵ衣
˵ĸᡣ
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ȥ𣿡
ģɰǲȥĻҲа취һ·ǻʱİ˴ϹټңûƷ飬Ȼǲġ
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ʲô£ҲʲôҪ飬Կ»㿴ȥ
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ͨͨգˮĴ۾ϸĶһ֣һԼʲô⣬ҲܹЩĹ⡣
˴ǣϸ˵ڸϽߡ
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˵ס֣ҲûжĲ䡣
̾ĻôͰȻΪһϣĲƾʱţҫ۵Ĳֻлɡ
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ͬ罥Ĵ˵ȹͬҡȥͬˣŲͬѰϢ
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һãԸٿơ
ʫһкǧ
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һԵЩΪ鷳ˣˮһӡ
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üĿ֮൱Ĺâ
ȻذҪǶ׼Żɣɿһģȴûбſޣֻ̧ͷȻûж˵ЩʲôǱֳ˿ܡ
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ܾûô򵥣ôԼɲܹĶϹټҵˣȻСĽ֮лǱֳˣ൱档
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̵ͷıһꡣ
ɱһԻСѾǴ˹ȥ
а취˵Լ뷨ø


416   ˭

ʵ̫ðˣôһ״ʱ֪Ատڲᡣ
дǵĹâ̼һȻһ
̶Ƶҡͷסܵ˴˵¶ںһܹ׵ķ
ֺα϶أǻһ仰˵ú𣿳ɴ߲Сڣֻ֪ⷽԥȥĻ¾ͻһ޳ɣΨһܹףһλᣬϹټҵ˸ӦеĴ۲ǡ
˵ӦöһУֱŶԷƺڴ˴һµ
Ϲ֮ǰһٶ׽Ū¶ûǡ
ɡ渵ԵģϹټҵ˶е⣬֮ǰĽ̸ҲǷԸصϹټǿõһ㣬ͨĵһܹҵ©
˵ţĴǵ˼Ц⡣
뻹ǶԴ뷨
ʵ̫ðˡ
ضˣðյ˲һң񛿲ԸһУΪ˱Ϲټ𣿼Ȼ˵Ļ
صЦݣۣһЩ䡣
ץס֣ûж˵κһ仰ôǶԵġ
˵ʲôУ϶ĵһ˼˵˵ͷûĵطᡣ
ЩؿһվԼǰСŮͬһˮ֮ųĹâ޷ܡ
һһɻĿϸĶȻڷΪʲôԸԭԼٺЩơ
ָо㲻ãЩΣҧҧ
˭
ɶ۾ͬЩɻ̸˵Щ鲻֣չСʱɻ˲ãĳ̶ȣϸĶꡣ
ղ࣬ν³ϤǡôȻֻһСûг׵չ١
ѪԵϤУͷһһġ
ʲô
̧ϸĶһȫӣǲòϣϲģǡôģȵ㡣
ʱȺһǱ߻ǵļƻ
ɳ̧ŲΪǱмƻǹ˼棬˳úѵͲõ𣿡
ȻϹټܹ˶ʲô򵥵
һ˫ӨӨֹͶ񛿣Լ޴ˣЩʡ
ĸ˭
Ȼ֮Ȼܹ̹ϵĽԼϹټҵݣ޷̹ϵĸԼԼԭһõġ
ϾĴ̫췽ҹ̷
֮ǰֳ˵ĿĽԸȥܣƺͷһһѵĵӡ
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ʵ㻹һõġ
˵µѪԵϵںһ
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񛿺˼ݣǸĸյģ˴ʱͯһֱʼһֱڣԼվԼߡ
Ӧ۵ģӦúСŮһ¡
ϵѾһС
Ϊ˷ŭʨӣһһѯʵɣôϳģ˵Ը뿪Ϲټģ
Դ˲ö֪
ηʶԼļ򣬵Ц˼֣ܹ˵ɫ
ЩɻҡҡͷǸֳһݿοЦݣǸСӣȴϵȥס֡
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ڳһϴ˵ģȴ峺ͬˮ
˪ĲӦһСŮ
͸Ҿʲô飬ǾôԸˣҪǾίĻ߸òã϶ǲΪ㱨ġ
ͨͨĵŸоԼıϲˣһ˵һθܵů
ԥ˶ԷĻ
磡
ЦݵĴߣȻ󲻵òס·ӵⱲ̵̡
ҲףҵطꡣĨȥ˳ʱڵһů͡
ůůǵߡƺһжһĲ˼顣
Ŵǣе뷨ȴȼյĸʢ


417  ٶ

ٶ֮ʱ
ȴַĲͬƺΪµ˼ˣľ̹ü۲֮ǰôͬģȴһֳȡ
ɾԱߣס֡
໥˵ģʵܿȻ֮ǰֻǾЩƣڵվһ֮ʱ͸оԱ֮ͬûı仯
ǵǴһģ̳ġ
µĥ֮¶һһݳȣһģ
˾ڽˮ续Ůӣǻ˳
ɣܹܲ㣬ҲϣĲ֮ǷǷǣȥõܹ˾ֻˡ
ҡҡͷܾ
仰˵Ĳ̫ԣ˽ҡҲӦ֪ȫĵطﶪӡ
⸮ܹεѾ߶ûУٵүʹ嶼ҪͶһԵףͨ籨š
ʵ̫СˣԸðգֻ΢ɲģ̾һ
㲻ʲôɵӣҲ
ɵͷ̿ǹһ仰˵˵׵ǸСӣ֮ǰ˴ˡ
ǻɣһСŮѡ
Ҳٸ̫ѹ񛿿ĿЩ
ģҺǲһҾôҪҪǵҲǸеߵˡ˵ĺͬǵǰԼ̬ȣɣǲᶯģ֮ǰӦڽʱ˵Ҫٷʲô顣
ȻǷ֮صһ֮Уǻܹɡ
׼ôѵԴ𣿡
̵ܷܷ˵ͷȻԼĻ
ҪҼҴɻ飬Ȼ浥סݣԵʱ˱ɣϲ֮еϲߡ
ǿӦ뷨
޳һˣһ˫۾ĶỨ˵Һòײź͸ۣҲҪ뿪ҵĸ磬ܲҺ͸һ𣡡
ԣҪȥһˣҪһ˼ҡ˵ֵʱҧгݣǶָ֪Ϲټҡ
һ˫ˮĴ۾ɢĹ⻪ԵøӵίˣüͷϸĶһ
Ȼǳ䣬뿪
Ϲټҿɲʲôõط᳤һЩ
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һ˵棬ϸ˵š
˼ĵ˵ͷȴ֪ɷ֪ҪȥģҪȥǸԵϹΪʲôҪĸס
ţҳɻԺŰݷãɩӺúõչ
ǿĴӦˡ
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ס֣һԲ
ΣϣܹúõģȻԸһ·ĻҲ֪ԲܹϺȡ
ǵ˵š
񛿿ɵģиǧǧĸ鱼ӿһЩܲˡ
쳾絴ŵƽʡ
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ʫ
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ʫݺݵصͷдʡ
ڳɻʱôû˵ĺûأ
̸
ܷܷ򺮣һĻ绢
Լʲһһŵƽʵ磬ж໶֣ԼҲж಻ˬ
ҵ뷨Ӷ
ԾԾԵʱҲǴ΢Ц˹


418  һ˼

һеҪӵ׳ң˾ֵľһأݸã޶԰ֶ֮Ļڡ
Ҳ˹ȥ˸֣вѾڶԱˡ
ڵֶ֮𣬹ŴƶԵţһҪҪ£֮Ĳܹ붴
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ҲûʧѸٵ֮ͨ󣬱ܹ򿪶źܷܷ»ˡ
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ʱϲսõɢġ
̸ϽסĿбӣ侲ʵôˣ
ѾҲǵСĸˣ˵Ͱ͵ġ
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أ
Ѿ߸Ͻҡҡ֣ͼ˵ûйϵ
Ҳֻ֪ǰϰףү˳Ĵˣū׼ţһͷȴַ˾Ͳˣúõġ
ѾҲί
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Ҳһޱ߼ʵţԵЩΡ
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Сùң
ġ
һݶӼ϶⣬һѾߵĻԲˡ
Ȼ֪淢ʲô飬һûзֱӵĿһ۴ס
ܷܷ廨۾ıš
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ҵˡ
ץסѾߵֱûκεи
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û뵽Լûʶǳǳ̾ϢһסԼ֡
⸱ģһȻ־ӳ֮£˸һΪĹââľս
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ȻһݵĻҺ㾿ˣ⸱ģ񲢲£հĻ
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ԥֱ°µĴʲô


419  һ

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Ҳֵһ㲻һϣԱҲУһžĵ̺õƤߡ
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û뵽㻹˵ˣʲôء
ץסͷ
ҪЩʲôĺһ١ٶĴߵˡ
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ʫ뷽跨ƭˣ˺ûκεĹϵĻҲˣЩ˺Ĺϵһ٣ٶľ棬ûá
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ԵЩɻ
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Ϊһ絼һֱڱؽգﶼܳȥ
ҧгݣһţװ׵дҪʹۡ
ȻԸ⡣ʫǵﱻţһԸǮֵĻ鴫˳ȥͻɨء
룡
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ʫʱĿίĿ߰ӣǵ΢Цûκεֹк
үԭ㻹һֱϲҵģԸΪҸôࡣ
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ү
ԽԽίԼôǱڵʱؼգǵõûκεĹС
ֻһһεģ


420  ﲻ

ôܹ׵һ
ʫͻҪ˵Щʲô
ȴŷǳԶľ룬ǿԼ侲
ة֪飬ٵǮƣæŮ˹ûӵʹ
ûĵĿһۡ
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ԽԽĳ﾿ʲôʱܴӣ
ܲԺʱӣʫ֮ǰ˵ʲô飬ѵˣҪҶĻֱӰ㶪ȥι
Ļǣػ˺ôĹ򡣻ܹڳ֮г׵ĳΪƸΪ꣬ڲٵΪ鱻֮һ
˵ô̵ܹ
ʫôưģȻһ仰˵ģֻ˵ίͰ͵س鶯Ŵһ仰˵
Ŀһ屡ֽŵҪ˼
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ʫǰʯͷԼĽţû뵽ܹôķ顣
ؿҪۺһˣѲٵĵȫת˹һлƽǧ
޿κγĵ˵Ķͷ
Ϊ̶ЩҲô򵥵Ľ˰ɡ
ܷܷһϵĿҲ𽥵˹
Ϊ˸Ҳ֮ǰЩ»õķ٣Ǹ߸ߵһķͣ׺˽鱦
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ж˳ˣҪǲҷɽ㣬бĵĻ»Щ֣ҽɡ
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ģ֮ǰ㲻˵һӿЩ𣿺´֮Ұ⺢Ӹ˻ֻġ˵ɢˣǵĹâסܷܷ֣ɣ֡ʵ˵ô࣬͸ˣϾҲ֪ӵģ˶
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ô渵ͬˮһܷܷͣҪġҺүѾ˸ȷû⣬ԲŻһ飬ҿ϶벻ľء
ΪҰҲʲô飬Ҫǵ㡣
ʫ˵īҲ֮жǵǵĹâϸŤתһ
ڻǳʱڣ֮лɢĴ⣬ٻӣĴһһĴͥԺ롣
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֮ǰ˵
ֻܷܷҪӦ飬ͻȥĵط

ǰѾ뿪ֱӵȥϹټңΪеĵ壬ΪеĲʣҲƽȵĵҪϹټҵļһϸ¡
͵͵ԼԼҲﲻ˸ʲôطΨһܹģǱԼԼΪߡ
ܷܷһģĵ˵ͷȻĶͷ
ԸһȥҼԺҵúòãҪѧ黭ѧʲôҶԽ㣬ֻҪԹԵġ
ͬЩ֮ǰûдõľ顣
Ҫڵģһܹúõദ
ģȷܹܵĸοĳ׵չˡ
𣿡
ʵ
ôͲˣôû˻ģ
ܷܷԼ˵һѾСһĺӿŵ͡
߰ɡ


421  

ô
Ŀ֮ɢĺͬһ
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ҪصϹټ壬Ҳֻһֶѣѵһ𣿡Ϲ調ˣһǰŻ۵ӣΪ㴩⻪·ΪϹټҵ𣿿ûͬ⡣
Ϲ޷еЧͬħһ
񛿴һۡ
֪ģ϶Ϊô򵥵һ顣
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á
Ȼǧǧͬһ˸ǵԼ¶ĴʾҲ˵ļ򵥡
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¶ˮµš
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˷ܵȹ߾ǸϽܹȥһжһһĲ˼顣


422  Ծ

Բ֮ɢŻķҷǳǳܹ˻Цݡ
ɫ̺Ļӳ֮£òطԵòͬѰ
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һòװЩ˶ˣͿԼϲ顣
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С
ѩɫ֮ϣͬһ
á
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ҹʼҪڹŴʲôһ˵ĺۼԼٹ¶
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磡
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ȡǰˡ
ֵĶͷԼǸǱ̨Ѿ˵ĲܹˣСѾͷôĳסģηϸϸĶꡣ
ֻ뵽δĺܹԼϲͺˣҪѧǾͽѧҵҽὫҵıѧ߸뷨
֮ͬϵ׺ķһ㣬߶߶˵ЩҡͷԵġ
̶ǲҪһСĻ͵Ŭһ㡣
Ķߣһ˫ĴѾ֮ϡ
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ȿȡڡ
뾶ֱıסһͰ˷棬˻Ƶ˵һ䣺ѵʲô̶ʲô⣬Ҳ㷴Ŷ
죬ҹɫܳŨ
ܹͬɫһﻨ㣬ߴߴͬһ
ƺȫ綼ڵȴϲãΪõף
ĴܹԾơ


423  ʲô

ƹ⽥ʧѾԾȻֽϡ
̴ǴһĨ΢ЦϸĴһ
ʱǺͺӵһпоͿʼĥӲݣԳ
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ү鴦֮Ҳȥҵĵ̺úõĿ˿
ĿİŸʽĻױƷҲܴ
ܹ²ŻױƷģоԼĳɾĵõ˼̶ȵ㡣
ÿһҵ̶٣һ˲ٵ˶ǹĴǵĻȸӵŨޡ
ˡ˷֣ܵߵæѻױƷƿƿ޹޶ĺܺãɢ͵Ĺ⻪
ʹһ㵴ǻ棬ڵĳɾͣŻŨ
ֻ֪һõĳ·
ܷܷһ²ģҲ鲻ԽĴһĨ͵Ц⡣
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Сȷܹϵãǲܲһ㡣
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ô룿˵һԵģԵЩ
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ʲô𣿡
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ΪԾȻֽϡ
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˵ЩңѾ
ܷܷһԵĵ˵Ĳĺɫӡӡ
ҲҪ̫ˣҿɻû˵Щʲôôôء
ץİѱ϶뷽跨ĴȤһ£Ȼĵ˳Щӡӡ
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ĸ㲻Щʲô
ܷܷԼոѡһҺɫ͸
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Ҫ˵ҶûȷһҪôأô˵
æؾܾš
ܷܷһģ
ôӣΪ㲻Ҫһ𣬾ÿҼҵĺ𣿡
ܷܷڳһģȻһס֣Ҫʲôһľϲ˷ܵ˵˵ҲţǻҪȰϢ߸㣬ѾˣҲüͲУ
֪Ϊʲô˵仰ʱܹܵһԱĽεͷĴĻ롣
㣬Ѿ֤ڽĻܻӺ󣬵ת˺ܵǻúޱǸϣȷҪ𣿡
ܷܷ˵ϼ׺˯һȺ¾ӦøϽͬ⣬˵һŵĿ֣û뵽׻ûпʼ
𡭡
ͷɥģЩ̵̿ЦЦȻȻͷǸοһֻСèһ
Ѿˣ˵һϲȻʱúõչ㣬̥±
ϾҪˣøϽ߸ĸǡ
۵ЦţͬǻһĴһΡ
ҲЩɻôôԼĶӻûжأȻ˵ǿ
ܷܷͻЩ鸴ӵġ



424 ǽ

ӫӯҶɻ㡣
̺ܷܷȦȦƵİЩŲ֮󣬱µĻص˸ϡ
û뵽
δˣЩ졣
ŮӿȲǴһĨ޵Цݿ
μ滹ָ̣ûԶһȻ鴫
ŮӵȵĴ˳ܹһ൱гӣӡ̵ǣ۽ǵ׺ۿ롣
һɫĳȹȴԵͻأϴŨصĽϢ
̺ȷһ㡣
ܷܷĺСס֣ԵЩǣ֪Ӧδ
ǡ
׳ԼʣЦ⿴ţܹ
ҿҲûзʲôĻ˵ǿˡȻ˿Ǻܺǵӡ
Ҳ˳һ߳Ļһӡ
ο࣬ȴһŵϢڵ֮߹ˣϢŨ˼£ȴԼҹͱĹЮһ
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̲Եգգ۾ȴû뵽ס֣صͷĶһ䣺ˡ
ǿô
طԺ󣬵ûܹЩģֻܹȰЩɻȥһĿǰΪֹǡǹʲôģ
֮ǰɻûЩ
ܷܷĴһ¡
ҸϻЩ飬Ҳʺţλټ
ܷܷò׼﾿ҪʲôֻʶľЩ΢һСһ
̵ǵĳ˵ͷ紵ϵĳȴĪľЩ١
Ů壬ǻһ˪һ֮дռС
ֻ˵ȤĻȥһԱߣЩҪ̸̸үֵİɡ
ǻݲȣܹһ˸ŵ⡣
赭дĵ˵ͷ䲻֪ӦνΪϲߣ
߲ơ
˲ٵĿ̽ȴ֮ǰһ侲ڷӿ֮䣬һк͵Ȼ
λŮӣȴ֮ǰƺ̱û̫ĿֻǱһ䵭
ЩĿ޼ɵţֻĿ´ѾŽصͥԺ֮ʱ¶ı
һк͹ȥѾͬˣүģȻĻὫǰϲĶͨͨߡ
ĻĬûκεԡ
üҲϸϸĴ˶ԷԷĿûκεĹԣʱʲôҪ¡
Աˡޡ
Ǵݲȵ˵ţתƺҲѾδĪϤС
ޣ
ʱûʲôӡ԰Ҳûнƽϡ
ȻܹȴΪɵǱ¶һݿģ
ޣ̾׽ֻ֣ȴûô򵥡
罥ش˵ȹڣͬʱصĻȡ
һԵͥԺˣЦ绨
㲻𣿡
ոǸ׳ӾԱߣȻȤؽĿȥ
ķִĻĽ㡣
Դģ˵˲ӵĲ̫˼ˣЩֻͻȻ
ǿʲôϷˡ
û뵽˻
٩
Ͷޣ˲ǰ֯ʱ򣬾Ǻܺõѡ
ʵҪľ㹻Ϭȥս֯˲ٵսۡ
֣޺Ͷ˲˵ʵ֮󣬷Ƕһҡ
ȻҲĴѡ֮һǺĳһԣԵʮָߵͬԶǵ͵ġ
ڸнڰ֩֯һ֯һһ̸ڵĴû˻Դ˶뷨
ֻڼ֮£
޺Ͷ˲еߡ
ǵʱڱ׷׷š
յĽıӻ˳ΪȻȻҲΪµһԱ
û׵ǣ޾ȻǶҵĴ㡣
նḶ̌ŮֻҪǵճϵôͿ˳ļ̳мλӡ
ͷܳѵͲ¶ҵ˰ץȥ
޿κΡ
ڷûܹ֤˾ܹܲš
ܾ顣
˲ͬΡ


425 ˽

λʿĲͬʵദĸ졣
̶ĿԷǳģûκεļԼԴסŮֹͬߡ
Ϣֻûżﴽǵʱܹܵ顣
ڵѪŮˣŮȶһݴ
ЦЦ
ԶСֻһ飿
Ƶĵ˵ͷ
ǲ֮룬ҵܵܵⲡϲȥˡĿⱯ룬һ뵽ľʹ
֮ǰǵҵ˼ԥƬ̡
ܹĴ⡣
̸ϽͷӸոյĽ̸֮ҲˣֻսѵĹϵòԼСֵĳԴס
ңΪɽ֣һʼһ¡
ȵķ罥Ĵš
ֻƾŶС˵֢״ʱЩƶϡ
ոյҲࡣ
˲ϵˣ֮ǰƤ˶ѻɵģڹŴҲûʲôõҩ
Բٵľ˶ٻһҪҩ裬ǰѪųȻٽ
ⶼ㲻ʲô£ֻϵͳҩܹ
ҪǶ֢ҩȥ״ʵǲһµġ
ѧҽͽһϽ
ޱ޾ϸܵһ㽲һУҲһ
ô죿
Ȼǵȥĵܵܣоһǲȷ֢״֮Ҳܹ֢ҩ
ڴ˴һµ
ĺ͵Ĵ˾ӡ
ʵʱһЩţֻһŷеĽȻͬҲʹеĲһ
ǡô
ޣѵеҺܱ뺷𣿡
ĥŴʾ䣬뻹ûеȶԷش𣬱һЦ˳е̫á
ȷ֮ǰһ·糾͵ĸϹʱ·ϴϢʱвٹϢεָʼȻһе˵խүѰ˵֮ǰүһ١
˵һˮմȾ˼Ц⣬ȻҲǰϣֻЦ˵
ջԾ
ͨҡҷţƺҲں棬һ˳ƹ
̽ʳڳУˮ
Ӧûֹһ㴫ŰɣŻġ
Խ뾩ԽĸʽĴҲԽ࣬һµŮħͷģ
˵ԼҲû뵽̿ЦЦ
ˮ֮ҡҷŷ绪ϸϸŤתһ
ҶҡҷţӨӨģƺ֮С
̽еʳȫڳ֮У֡
ǲǾҸûʲô׵ӣ
ڶеŮӷ绪ȻСܴ˫֮жļᶨѡ
һ˫͵֡
һжүľһ˵Ƕħ˵Ů
û뵽Ųһ
˼粢żͥԺ߳ʱЩ΢
Ȼⲻ֮ǰǷķծڽϵȷ˴ԹͶһԡ
ЦҲûгãЩϲѱд
ޡ
˼
ԡѵõЩ
ǼǳЦӯӯĴͥԺ߳һоķ羰Ϊ֮ʱ
ƺһж޹ؽҪ
ݸһЦ
˲ǵҲЩΡ
޸ղʱĳһ񣺡үδˡðã»ͻү
ʲôѣһˣҪҲҪ
ЦЦ
ҡҡͷֱӳ˵
ҲǺ˵֮ǰ飬ǰΪܵܵĲʱ䲻Ͻˡ
⻰˵ģ뷨
ǺҪ˵ͣȡʺϰˡ
˲ֵġûĻ˲Ļ֮ҲǺǺǵһЦǡ
Ҫ鷳
ڹŴ˵ľһڣŮܲס
Դ˻ȽϿţҲΪİ֮ΪԴס
Ҳûж˵ЩʲôѰһɹϺõͥԺ
Ҫ鷳Ȱ·£ȿ˿ڡ
ϾҪŶȰ˿Ȼġ
Ҳġ
˲ʱЩΣϾҲǾİ·¸˿
׳ߡ
Ҳѵõķ羰֮һɫһƽģֻ÷ΣԼ·Ľ⿪
Ҳʲôӡ


426 

ȵĺ濾ţˮһεεĴǵĶͷ¡
Ը˶ϱ鹩ȡȴϽֹľٶ
λຣΪΪʢҲŻѡѡطĻпܹܲﵽЧ
ΪԼ뷨
ᶨƵǰţΨһ
˲Ϊҡҡ֣ϵ·£ֻ˿ڣܹһһ˺ۡ
˰Ѿȥǻ˺۵·
һЩۡ
֮ǰһЩ̵ҩҲ˵Լֵĸòϣⶫڿңۡ
Ҫ˳ܵܰζߵĵܵܡ
˲ŴǳǺһЦ
ˣڲҪŶԡ
̵˵ͷ
еҪ򵥣Ů߿֮£Ὣʵż֣ڵ״ԤеҪõöࡣ
Ȼòϣϵһ֣ûһطǺôļ󣬵Ǵ˰̶¡
Ҳ˵ûڼ㣬ҲľԮܹһ㡣
˾ĵطؿһһ˰̣ĵط⡣
һʱ䡣Ҷطͬ飬Һԣ֮ǰٵ˸ʲôҽȻ˿ڽĻŧ
ĵط΢ͿĨһЩҩͿϸʮ죬ȻҿҩӦܺá
ĥһ£ЧҩĥҩۣȻҩҩһ̷赼ܹǿ壬ܹҩ
ͷ۵ĻѾʼŧһ˰̣þĿʼȻĻֻΪۡ
ؿϵһһ㡭
޵ı˲ıϧۿдŲ
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һжõģҲ̫ڵģ˶ָܹȬһµһѸõ޳ȥ
Ѿ׺͵˵ţǻŶԷЩεĿ⣬ǳǳ̾һ
ֻܹ𣿡
޲ţһѸõ޳ȥ⼸֣һ
Ҳһ԰͵̶֮ǰҲֹһҪġ
գգ۾˵ͷ
Բ⡣һصңרҵģҲԲ˺ĵܵܡ
ûʲôµģ㡣˲ǰοһĵ˵ͷ
ҪʲôµĻҿԼ
͵΢Цš
Դģȥıģǧܹרҵ
͸ܣ͸˴ӳǵϣȴֳ˲ͬѰģ
е˵ǣе˳־еϣеˡ
һжİɣȻߵ·ϣҲʵȻĻҲҪ˵Ĵ¡
Ȼô˵ţֹĿѾԼԼܵܣô˵ͽġ
̧ͷ
һжģźġ
ҵȻ֪
ĿƺѾٱʹ֪ΨһĽʽǽһС
Ҫ̫ˣ϶Ҫ죬ȵٽ
̶ԴҲԼ뷨
޸ղһ˲ҲӴʼ·
Ҹǿҩ⼸ȳ·𹮹壬ʱҪ׼ȷ״֮ҲŻῪչԲ׼̡
ԴҲԼ뷨
һֻܹˣǶЩ̫
Ŀϡ
ס֣ļ
ҪԼ̫׻˵úãʰߣҲҪһˣÿ޾ϸҪĶһ𡭡
Դ˵뷨ȷ
ĵ˵ͷ
ǰŮԶôͣԶôܰ
˲ʱ˵ҩģҲ𽥵Ŀš
Ҳʱס
ʱһֱæǰæ󣬿ʼ׼εЦЦ
ôоÿһһˣԼĵλҪһٽء
ԵЩ޹Ρ
Ҳ֪ЩСֻǼİѲͬҩһ𣬰նԷشʵļ
Ȼһһȷţ޾ϸ͵ȴŶԷ׵ĵõͿԿʼ
˰еĶˣں󷽡İԼĻ
̫ˣӿҶۡ


427 Դ

Ͼ֮ǰүǷķծܵүС
ͻȻУ̶Ȥζᡣ뿴΢Դ׵ģ޿κΣбӣͷһǡ
ǳԴˣ
죬ҡҡͷӦԵЩ޿κΡ
Ųӡ
ֻԵľ˹ϵܺöѣ֪Ҳһ£ȴһ׮Ը
˵ֻûκΪԴ׶Եùʡ
ЦЦĶͷԴı飬ֲ֪Ӻ֡
ҾԴһ
ҪΪһС¾ͳԴ׵ĻΪȫĽү˿ʼŶӳԴףҲ֪Ҫʲôʱʼ
ЩεͶ˸ۡ
뿴ȵģеϲǲ಻óϡ
̸ľϲôࡣ
˵Ҳ׼ˣֻҪȴȷû״Կʼ
һˣĿһ
һʱ˼Ĭơ
Ȼ˵Ļ
̺һۣеĶר׼
ٵ͹ˡ

÷ʱڹȻĻпΪ÷⡣
ȻʪǴĵ죬ӱеҪ졣
˲ָĺܿ죬յĺܿ졣
㹻ˡ
һҩҩȻʶģоκεʹ
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ڴҩķ棬࣬˽ܲˡ
ܵʱҩļȫϣ֮ܵҵʹ״ȥ
ؽҩעȥ
˲ܹܵ𽥵ķȡͻȻ˲δܵͷĿѣ״Ҫ̾һЩŵס˴
ǲûκεĴС
һСһģġ
̧֣ݲȵĶ
ȫþƾ
Ҫһ鸯ôĵطָָԺרŵƷҵ߰һһķãı˿ڲơ
ѣǷڹŴκһ˾ÿֲ
Ȼ־壬ΪԼܵܵİΣԾǿԼؿڵĶĺͼȴš
һҪƽһҪƽĬĬ߶ţϣܹͨķʽԼʹͲġ
ȻﲻʲôæҲԸȱϯĳ档
׼ά˵ľͼҪܸߣµ
֮̽ǰԺʹĻһһĳ֣õĻ飬иһһ⡣
ÿһ鶼ͬѰ
̾һ
һжõģӹɵĵһ㡣
ܹܵżٵĺһһ޳ʱæذοһ
Ȼ⻭ûκε˵ĿбӣĮˮģи÷ȫ޳ĸɸɾ
רзҩˮ
ֱ׵ڻɢ֮óһһز˵ؿڡ
һÿ컻ҩĶֻܹӦˣ졣Ӧûκġ
ޱ㵽ѡ˼ĵ˵ͷȻϽ˹ȥ
ܹԷֺȣɫı̿Ȼбļ򣬴ؿڲȦ
ⲢѣֻҪסÿҩʱڵһıҲؿڵĵطҩͿĨãȻҸƾ
ʲôȻĽһɫСƿҺɫ
δĶҾƾҲû˵
ҲЩ˵ܹģԤܵܵ˿ٶȸȾ
һ飬˵ͷѧϰĺܿ죬Ҫ졣
Ӧٹʱ䣬ܾܵͻ᳹׵Ļָ־
̴ݲȵִͳһƤ
ÿһ죬ҪȵҩҪˣÿһȵĶǲͬģһҪⶼѭ򽥽ģκεʧ
ĵҩƷоĵıһнһԺ󣬲Ż˸Ͻ
ƶǶĵ˵ͷҲܹѸٵͷֻҪǰˣһжá
Ĵ𰸻Щϣֵȷˡ
̿ƶǶģе޿κΣ֪ԷӦò̫Լ˵Щʲô
ʲôģʱң⼸죬ҲȥĵطκεķΪҪҡ
Լھһǧġ
ϾҲ
ڹŴôªĵطʵ̫ˡ


428 ɱ

ܳɹһɲǣԤڡ
һԼƵĿָȻñˮѪϴ˸ɸɾ
һԿҲָ֪֣һȥЦ
ү֪ЩʲôĻȱˣһɡЦ绨崿Ͼôˣûٷǳԡ
˼ĵ˵ͷȷԡ
ôãһд˵ĵĻǻ뷨
ҹɫĽ٣
һںͤϣĿǳ
˲ܳɹܹܵȻǾ״ǰӺá
Щϲȴдӵϣһֲ֪ν͵Ļо
еĴ𰸶еִյ㣬һûʲô׷ϣܹһöһΪκ˵İڲæµһ
һԸʱʹﵽûκεŮ֮飬һĽ
ܹôңţгö׷󲻵ɵĹԡ
һҡ
ΪԼܹ롣
ҲٵľϲȴϲĶͬ
ʱȷԤϹ
ֵƴ𣿡
żҲѯԼеĴų⣬ҲǶеĴѡ
ƺ룬ƺҲû룬һִ𰸶ˡ
޿κε˫ۡ
˵ݣһģΪΪܵܵ鰵ˣǡ
죬ԸΪıʹȾ˳ĳ
ֻĶ˵һ㣬ܵܲʲôģһεҲֻøӽܹؿڵһ鸯ȥˣһ£αذڳʹģأ
Ϊ飬Ȼ仰ѾˣòİǺܶࡣ
˵ͬˮȷޱȡ
¶ģʵʱֳž޴Ĳ졣
һŮӡ
ʵһֱ᲻ңȻ⻰˵ѾͻĲϣΪҺ֮ǰүĹϵ
˵
Ϊ¶뷨Ļʵɲء
һͣĿοƺµĲ֮͹Գļ䡣
ǧҪΪ̫뷨
ûоµĴݲеġ

˲Լ粢šͷԼǰλŮȻĵħ
⶷֮УΪ޵ħΪһ㡣
Щ˵ðܾ̫̫ܡ
˵ĹϵͣںĵͤԱߣźƮԣϦ£ߡ
ʹĹâɣһж˾ݵ㣬ԲòϣͷĿѣĻһ㣬̵̹ϡ
кܶܣʵ˻˵ңҲʲô佱Ļ
̺κȣӵ̹ϡ
Լع⣬Ϊǳźʵʱ򣬲ŻϵͳСiȥԼҩƷ
ǣԽǵڣСi ԼѾΪܲɷֵһ֣ܶᡣ
ûڿˣϲɺؿϲɺء
ͲҪͻȻðûһҪٺ̸ء
ĬĬĹͨһüͷĶޡЩɬЦЦ
˵һĸоǲòϣеŮ˶һ
˵⻰֮ѵõЩǣ˼ӺŻ˵˵ǿǻۺħǶòġ
еɥõǵò⼸֡
̶Եĸ֪΢΢ҡҡͷϣΪ˹ϵԵȡ
ôǵòأÿ˶ÿ˵Ҷͬãã䶼Ƕһ޶Ĵڣôܻõòأ
ĺܿ˵ļԵĸܵĵ䡣
ʫһЪ˹ҪԼĸɸɾǼʡ
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ĬĬҡҡԼ֣Щ̫϶
һ·ô꣬ҪǿүҪǿҵĵܵܣҾܹߵԶأ
ѵĻǳǳɢţ·Լߵȴûд𰸡


429 

ֱ⼸仰ɢҹĻ֮Ул㱵̧ٶȵĴŶԷ
Ưò޵ƤңԸеĲλǻ۵Ĵԡ
һжĽĽֶ֮˼ּʡ
ƺ߽һͬ
룬ÿ˵ľͬһжһͬԸ˲Ųͬı֮£ߵ·᲻һ˵ǵյȫһ
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ڴʱ紵ˡ
ǵҲͶˡ
޾һСģ
Σյĸ֪ǿڷХʱѸٵĸܵˣԾŷ紵ķһ£Ȼ̰ѹ
һ룬һѷĵӻֱ˵˵ࡣ
Сġ
ܡ
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һѵӣǾһС
˿бֻһˣԵͷֱĳͬķƶʱ׷·߼ȷһ㡣
˭֣
̷ĺܿ죬ƶţܿԼٶȺڵԼһһεĹ
á
һУǳġ
ԼҪνľᣬҪܳȥٻ˹æ
ûġ
ıĹӿ죬ûпӰܹڣֱߡ
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ү
ڿ˾ǣ΢һ˶һĪĸֻɵ
ĻǶ룬ɲ˻˵õ
ǣ
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Ҳǳġ
ʲôȹھһܡ
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ҪģѾɳ֣ﰵб
ں˹˵š
ҡҡͷ
оõ˶ԷĮƺǹıž룬ΪʲôһĨ΢Ц
үʵҪӵġ
ԴҲ뷨
ҹɫ񷣬ºǳһ˸ţĹӳǸոԼҪҪ顣
ү
޿κεӡ
ʲô飿
һԵսľչԼĵܵܣĿûκεԥ
Ǹոһֺòˡ
˼ĵ˵ͷ
ǽΪһЩòˣϿһ԰ɡ
ַһߣĿЩԥ
Ǻˣرţ϶ģǸ˳ȥдԺҲҪ̫ڵġ
˵ţҲרŵĸӦҩţʱҪ̲壬Ҫ¡
赭дĻ֮Уܻ¶أһζ֮С
֪Ľʽãǡ
֮󣬺ܿѸոյķ񶨻˹ȥ
ܹԵүĲȣǼҰ
֮С
ĸգգۡ
ľͺˣүĲҿɲܱ֤һܳԡ


430 ̻Σ

ջڵգһеΣȫĻ
Ŀһзı仯¹ʡ
һжɫ֮ˡ
һ¡
ĬĬţƾ߲ͻȻէֵ̻ɫ˳ϡ
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Щؿš
תĿ⣬ĵš
Ľү»ͶϵУֹ¶Ĳ˵Ϊ˵ϬҶ԰ӵµϣ
֮д˵ɫ˶ȴ顣
õ̲ƺİˣʹ࣬ߣһһ鷴ĥ
Ľ
ԲǣǼʵƺҲ̫šĲǿ̸һȷĴ𰸡
Ҳġ
̸Ͻɫ׽˵ı֮󣬱㲻ٹĿ
һеڴʱǶҩһĴֻ̹еıϣҲá
Сһ㣬ϲ֮еϲߡ
ĶûҲ˲Ծ
̻ըƽҹɫƺһȥ͵֮󣬻һɱ
֮䣬ⲻԾ赭дҡҡͷ
⡣
ͬô˵ڵĲԾ
֮ǰأǾޱߵŮ˻ûڿһкҪзֲϵ
ʲô
գգۣ˸۵ĹԽţ˽ӵһ𣬿ڵգȴΪĻֱӵѡ
һ鲣ֱӵƴգһء
ԣ
Դĵص֮ǰȼ̻ĵط
Ӳš
Ͻסǰߡ
ܡ
ûзһЩŵĶޣץס֡
Ȼ˱ֱӵ뿪
û̻𱬷ƺ׺˳صΪΪŨصһ㡣
˳
үû°ɡ
һĵԵˡ
ҡҡ֡
ֺµĿһ۷ӣӲûзʲô仯ֻǸղŵʱһһ𶯣Щᣬ³˸ʲô顣
µģһ㡣
̿ɫѾƽģƵҡҡͷƺڰο
ĳģֻûҪЩʲô
ûô򵥣߳⣬Ӧǰ֪ˣ׼ǵľϲ
ָ赭дĵ˵գɫ̻ڲ֪ƣľȼǵɫʡ
ɫտ
ǡ
ڻԽͣԷЩûκε˽⣬Բ֪̻
̻Ǿ˼ûʵԵĶΪ뿴ǵսľ³¡˶Է˼Ĵ۾ž衣
ȷӣһֽԷֻΪȡ֣̻ȼڷԱߣ˾ҵ𶯣𶯵ǻΣա
Ƶҡҡͷûô򵥣뷨Ļ
赭д˼
ԷıѾõģ󾿾ҪЩʲô顣
罥ȴƽܹŵ֮мɢ̵Ϣһһĵ
ļ򣺡СΪϣ仰ԶȻԷ׼ֻΪʾĻܲµġ
ǵ罻棬ϲҫԼֻ֤һ
Īа
Īа
Σ뵽𰸣ֻͷʱ򿴼ͬʱ΢Ц־ģ
һԼĴ
ȿȡããЩε˵ﻹһ¼ҹˣҪҪô֡
̿ЦõգԼ۾Ȼ̧ͷʱܹ׽Է֮һıʹ
ѵҲϲ˵
Ȼ𰸲ǿŶԷ⸱ģлǳǳ˼
븧֡
ûµġ
İο͵ˮǡôĸƽļһĨ
̿˵ͷ˵ĺܶԡ
Ҳûʲô飬ֻΪ˾ǵĻ½ӲӦòСġ
ķ󣬼յϿƺڱƵĴ֮
ǰȥ
ȻһǾЩǣүȴȥ񻨵λã˭ֽš
á
ͷ˹ȥͬɫһƬҲ֪˭ôı¡
Ȼִ治顣
ݲɳӣݲ±ѣ۵ֻ


431 

˳ɫһͬǰţҵ̻ĵط
뵣ǻᱻǷ־ϲԹİ̻֮
һ£˸
̶ȥϸоһͰһͰ̻Ҳûзʲôģ̵ζԤʾŸոձȼŴ
ʲôԾģ
ҲûоЩԾֻˡ
̿ܺ̾һòϣһжĿ
ǡ
һһεľϲ
Щϲ㲻Ϻá
νŤ˼
Ҳõġ˳ǵĶҲͬʱɣҲǷеص㡣
̻֮ǰ˶ֽŵģܹ߲̫һ
˵㱻ĵطܹһȦһȦĶΧš
ʲôö
̺ĳ˵ţС㶯еһ㣬ܹһССһһС
ɫ顣
ǿʲô򵥵ĶСһ㣬ҵж
ѸٵĽԼеעȫһϣһС֦˰һɫ顣
ȴһС˲ڻһ̲ˮգոסС֦ѾսˣƮɢ
Ȼ⣬֪ǵϰ߲µóǲµõ˵ǵǡ
Ļе˼ţĿš
˵ľǡ
νʼ򣬶ûж˵ʲôĻ
кڵȴǣ㿴Ļ
ҡ
̶ԴҲԼ뷨
˵Ѿ׼˺ֵĻʱϲеϲߣֱðĻпܻ»
һһ˫ϸŤתһܹĲ֮ͬҲ˵ȥڲԱ֪ʲô
˵սľЩ̻ĳֺ֮ɺϡ
֮ǰͲúҪǳЩСǲɣ壬ҲǺôı¡
ЦЦҡҡͷ
黹ȽҰɣǺúϢ
תͷȥŶޣ¹˵Ҳǵĵܵܡ
ȷͬ˵ģĵܵܶߣ޷ؾܣѵֵزôỹϽˡ
ʱһбӦøء
޵˵ͷҲףʱ̵Ľʽǲκ˵ĺȣֻĻһвܹת
˼ᶨҧֱӵ˹ȥ
׼ô죿
·ھᣬ·ãɲܲϣһ˫Ĵ۾ضǵʱ򣬱ǧǧǳԼͬĴݳ
ҪٵС£ĺµĻ
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ץס˶Է֡
ｻүͺãЩǲܹᣬܾ۷̻𶯵̫Щ塭
ʵǶ̫Ϥ˲Żʣ壬ǡǡΪֹ
ʱĽЩ鶼֮
Ǿ·ͬʱʱȴԷòϣҲΪʱĹȥеĸվȥ
ҹɫĵǵߣΨǷ·ڸ̾һе˼Х
Ǻ죬ʱ򣬱ķ绪һ˲
үܷģĬĽѡ
޴ݲȵ˵ȴѵõĸֳĽ֮ǰȻͬʱͬ⸱
һйµˣЩ±Ӧ˷
ЦЦ˻ûж˵ֻ̫࣬ͶѾԼʶĽƲƮƮȥ
ƺһеĴ𰸶˾㣬ֻܹ֮˸Ĺ
εĵ˵ͷƺǾЩЦ
ǧҪЩ̫Ѱģ˵뵽İģȻĻûڡ
˼ĵ˵֮ǰȼ̻ĵط
ʵǾúпĻֵˣҲǼȥһеģ֮ʣģôҲǾȻĿԡ
Īа
ĪаҾúпܾµ֮ǰΣҺ˽⣬֪ҵΪ߼
֪֪ˣܹսʤ
ĪаЩͷ۵Լ̫ѨȻҲǶжţһǵĽɫ֮ǰڴʱһΣԶԶĴһ桭
ָо㲻Ϻá


432 ըҩ

ÿһ鶼ÿһԴͷ
뿴һۻûڴ̻ﰵһˣַԸһԵǸϽ¡
൱Զľ롣
̧ͷһ°Աߵõɶˣ¶һںըҩ
ĻһгȻըҩֻһִըҩİƷҲɱ⡣
Դ˺ȷȴûκεĶ
ȻҩҪҪһЩұȻҩռС

֮ǰܹһеǱ˵ıƵĻڱܹ֤ݱһȫĻֳΪ
һı׳βıһʾĺۼ
Сˡ
ѸٵĲ׽ص㣬˵ͱûйϵģǲŵģ˵ĻʹĪаһжܹӭж⡣
Ȼ˵ܹڱ֮зҪõģԵġ
Īаѵѡ
붮òƵҩʱ򣬶רŵӡ£棬úɫĲЩĸɸɾԷһ
һǵ¶ɲٵӰ죬йļʧȥ˵ĻҲԶ٣ǵĲС¶ܻƽɲתˡ
ģӺһ𣬱ʹըҩΪ⸱ģڿ﷽ըҩǲƷ
õˮ
ݲȵķţⵯҩô޴Ҳ»ģûκεĴװõĻֻǸ廨ͷѡ
ĵЦЦޱĽӹһˮȻˮȥֻǺըҩѾ
ⶫȥúõоо֮Ҫ֪幹졣
˻֣ҲĪа浽˼㣬ĻôԹԵİôҪըҩ͹Լһᡣ
һգӵĻ˵ܹһлҵľڲըҩܹһĻҩ
ҲֱܹӽĸԴ
Ȼ뷨Ļ
̺Ͷ˲û뵽ԷܹյôϢͬҹɫꡣ
ȴƽļį
ЦЦҡҡ֣ŶԷԵֱԼ˹һθܵм⼸֡
ʱŮӶһĿְ֮֮ǰĻбЩҹǶǰһԼ󣬵֪ЩǸģǳѪͳ֮⣬һС
̾˵ĺеĵ˵ͷܹڷ⽨ﻹô˼ԶˣϺѵˣǽס֡
һ磬ļӸС
ǵһΣȻܹ˼뵥ֽˡ
̶ѾܸˣС߹·ߡ
µĻصԴͷֻĲڣǻ֦չŵƹû
Ҳ֪ҪЩʲô
еıԹš
Īаص룬ŶԷΪģʽƵ̾һƺҲ뷨һܹȻĻеѣֹΣܾ˲򵥣ˣΪԵǡ
ͬ˵ûܹŪҪЩʲô
ĪаһֲĳɷС
̻Ѿɢ֮УٶȵĻع鵽ƽȴ˸ܵº
üͷܣһûʲôȻǰڷǸովĲȡ
˵Ҳǻ˷ô˼ûϼھ⵵顣
ðɡ
Ѹٵҵ֮ǰ𶯵ԴһССӺ̻Ӳ޶£ֻԵøӵ䡣ڷڻƿԱߣûʲô˻ᷢ֡
ǵѾˣȻĻôһӣǴɨʱһῴġ
޴ݲȵķţҲԼ뷨Դǹڻ
ûô򵥣һܹ϶顪ҲֻС
Ѹٵķֵ鲻Ծ֮Ŀȥ˲
Сһ㡣
վԱߣڴһ£ΪпҪѱ֮󣬱֧еˣȫж
ת˲żѾû˿Ρ
ϴƻʱ򡣡
ԴΣȻžİѸϵ˶ϴһ顣
ϴƵĻᶯҡ׷ǵģұнֵܹܲλһ⡣


433 

ȻЩĶҲûκεֹͣСðվİǸֽӵصĵط˺
¶ǰľһͰŴ񻨴඼Բεȼնɡ
Ȼùԭ˷ԱߣûƿΪ
ΪҪˣûƿҡҡ׹һֽŸУ˻Ƕǵ˼
˼˵š
֪ЩҲûжֻܹȥ鿴ЩڸɨǶɡ
ͬ¶ġͽĸϡʼռǵһ仰ɴ߲Сڣп˷ѵ˶ֵñȥ˷ѡ
ǵѾѱʱ򣬾ͲҪκεļԴ
Ѿڷų޲ڸʵϺĸۡѾ˥ܵĲӣʽѾС
͵ţһ£һжع鵽ԭ㡣
ݵİǵϢȫĻܣѾ췭ظı仯
뽫Ĳ¸ոרɨĹͼǰ
Ȼûô򵥣Ĺ췽û
һ˵ţһǺܶըҩͨͨĽһ
ҼըҩרŵȵģֻϤȣܹЧõըҩ
Ǻԣͬըҩ̺ͻҽǲͬġ
ըҩ֮ǰһ֣˵Ѿ˵ˣĿľΪǷ֮ȥһɫС顣
ƻǴ
ȫϤǵ˼ǿ϶ܹڵһʱ䷢νֻ̻۷䲻ǿ϶á
һһĽǵ۷ӵ˼㣬µ˻̻ĵطһ˭бµ֡
ǺǱͷҲصزˡ
ʵ̫£ܹе˼ظһ飬ͬҲڷԼܹġ
ĪаҲֻܹı£ûôı졣
ڴԼ԰
ȵĴ𰸣ֻǿʼǽβ
̸ӵشͷô¡䲻֪ȷɷΧԺ󡣸ô
һһҲһ¡
㲻ʲô飬Ҫ֪״˶ãĻ¼
ܹੲݵ۵
üͷĮĿ⣬š
·Ǳһ仰˵Ȼ˵ڸһṩԼ˼̨ζܹſڴƻƣ˵
νģҡҡ
ЩΪ˵ҪǶҶԲֵһᡣ
Щըҩʲô˲õأǸĻܹըҩ
̶Դ˷Щ赭д̧üͷִܹźͼᶨһ˫ټ֮С
֪ڲȴʱ̣ûȴɣһеһУӦûϾ㣬һ¡
е˶ľ򡣡
˵ĺͷβһ㡣
ûһܹģûֵܹĿеıʾ
ͶܹҪ࣬˲Ҳˣƺܹϵæʹļף֪롣
Ҳȥ˶ҵЩ뷨Ϊ֪ǲҪʵ޻ķ˵õĻᣬҲЩþηκεɣ
ǶԼҴһĳţⲻһֵڴΣûܹ֪Ӧôġ
Աѣ
һжʵ޻һС
ȥһЩν룬Ϊеıŷ˶ٲ԰׵ɫʡ
鵽ΪֹЩںҽӵˣȻǴ׵
ؼµĳֻһ˶š·§סࡣ
飬ǲ˵ͬǲڷ̻СЩ֤ʲôģܹ֤ǡ
޿κεգգԼ۾ǲԸ¡Ϊ
һҵʵǲòϣڷӸǣԭֵЩǳһһ߹ԸȴԸĵЧԼӡ
һɱʵ
Ŵ˻֮еķŭɲǼʱɢˣΪⲻҪһ㡣
Щ˵׻Сˡ
ҲܺŲ飬˵ʵڻģܹлµˣûмһ˳ĸŲȥܹҵࡣ


434 

һչϢ
ԼеĲͬ
˵˶黹ĻԽһŲأǶ˶ԡ
һеһжһɴɱһǧϷԸıѣƾھ󷽣Լ
еıȫıϴ
ǽѪ֤һѵĳ裬ڹ˶ԣҳ϶ӦΪνģǶ˶ԣǲҪʲô֪ʶѧϰʲôܣֻҪ֪ҳϡ
ĻصԼķ档˲û˯ţϾôĶѧϰյˣȻڣԴǡ
ʲô飿
Ҳûʲô飬ܵܣȺú˯ɡ
Ŀǳ˱׼˻ҩȴֶԼҵܼܵޱȵ
㲻˵˲ͣΡһˣ֪ܲЩ飬ԡ
Բ˵Ҳᵣǣ̹һ㡣
ֻһһʮİ渵ûκεԸԼϵı仯˹ൣġ
˲ȴܹϲŭ֣ͬҲĿ޽ӡ
ڽԣһǲһЩ˲ĥŴʾ䣬ʵϡᰲοˣԸ⿴ԼİĽ¶˱˵ɫһһĴ̼˵
ǧѵںݺݵĲģԼӦ侲ӦýԼĽúð
ͷȴһξһ㡣
һ˫֮УͬȽȽ̫һĹ󣬴Ŀġ
̫ܵܲġ
˭û뵽ĻﾹһȰο
ƺҲᣬڵĹʺĹĻһ𣬷·ꡣϮ
ٶѵʱ򣬵ȻѾͣǲκõУΪĪеıʹһʱ֮䱯߽ӣ˵Ļ
˭ٶʱ򣬷ԼһֱչԼǣȫĻ˸ģϴһΡ
ܹǲȻġ
ų͵ֻøһΣ֮С
밲֮еĳ飬ϾѾǺϦദôá
Ƕ𣿡
ûĿΣųһеΣյİ취ǰеȫѣȻǰԼѵѾǡ
̫ˡ
ľɥƵؿһзı仯ƺڲʲôе롣
öá
ֻ룬ֻʱȫɢˡ
һжн֣һжʼգ˵ʲôǲΪ֮Ϊ֮Ļ
̲ԸԼһӣһУ·룬һл˾㣬ЩĿ𡭡
˼İѾǱǳЦӯӯİչ˵úá
Ǹ㵽޾ϸܹõĻȡ
޿κε̾һ·ڸ̾ĽչЩϡ
յڴţĪĸĿȣһԶɫѾѾһ̶
ȡ
һжɢͬξһ㣬Ļþ֮У
ܾضûС
뵫һҲֻܾܹʮľԼѵˣĸ飬һԼ˾
ܷܷڴѾãٳûмˣԷԵЩΣٶȿ̵ʱ֮е۸塣
㣬ˣﶼСʱ䣬ô£
˹ȥǰ̣ʱģ﷢κεĲʱҲˡ
ǵĿ֮Ÿľ
Ҫ̫ҡ
ͬҲ׶Է룬ʱദñ˴˱˴˵Ը
̵΢ͬһĻͣĴš
Ҫ̫⣬ҲҪ̫ģһжʼգĺܺµĻ
ĥһ´ʾ䣬Ľ취ֻһ
ܷܷ
ʲô鶼òҪ֪֪Խ࣬Խ࣬ǵĳԣ鳤þã˳˳Ľȥ
ǣҪո㣬ܷܷϣҪ֪κε
ֻʱ̫ȣҧｹƵû˯þԣıӸˣ˯һʱ
͵βȲ֮£û˻˵Щʲô⡣
ܷܷ˼ĵ˵ͷ·һ롣
ĻɵúúõϢϢһʲô¾Ͳˡ


435 ̽

ܷܷůûκεķĴ
˵Ѿôӻôĳסˡ
͵ĴȤģѾ뷨ܹɫİѻתò顣
ܷܷЩߵԼݣְѻٶ˹
ᣬҲʲôӣỺ͵֮д徲ƺȴִζشȤƺӦþôܹõõĴ𰸡
ҲҪˣˣ϶ֺүЩ˵顣
ֱ׳ף˲κε⡣
ܺã˵Щԡ
еεĵͷܿǵݣƺǱɫ
ľ͹Ϊ˺֮ǰҲһû׼͡
̹֮ԼɻʮͻȻЩ֪룬û뵽ŮֻСѯš
ʲô֮ǰֵһλŮӣǽаɣڿ˵
̲Եĵ˵ӣû뵽Էش
Щʲô飿
Ϊ̧ͷϸĶһܹԷ͵ףһԵӡ
Ҳ֪㵽Щʲô
̿һԵģԵ޿κΡ
Ҳ֪㾿Щʲô顣
ܷܷԺĵ˵Լ֣ƺԼҲԼ뷨
Ǿá
ܷܷΪգԼˮĴ۾˵ֱ׳ҵȻǾýĺ½ѽ
ҲһЦ
ĻǶ˵ˣһܹ˵Щʲôأ
ܷܷΣǸЦһ¡
ǵĽʱûʲôһЩ𣿽ҲҪЩ̫⡣
ֱܷܷ׳Լ۹⡣
ˣˣǺҵĶӹȥˣôˣѵҪҴһ𣿡
֮ǰգȫıЩЦĻϹȥˡ
ܷܷ޿κεգգԼԴĳˣص㡣
ȱҵתƻ⣬ѵΪһλŮӵ𣿡
ܷܷޡ
ޡ
ͬһ㴵ɫɲ͵Ůӻ̤Ų˹
һЦ
ҵ֣ŵĻպСҲһ¡
ܷܷûп׵ˡ
ֲͬĸԡ
ޡֶЩ졣
ѵǶˣ˵˼ĵ͵Ҳĺļ磿
ܷܷΨһ֪Ƕ˾һ罻ջһ˵ɱˣϵǫ͡
̫һЦЦӣԣǳЦһ㡣ǽ˵֮ǰļĳһŮӣΪǡ
νʲôνʲôãʵǹ
޾Ϊ͸ǼαֳªףԲŻߡ
ǾĴ𰸺ֶԲԣҲΪ뷨ҲΪҵĲƽֻǿǣÿһεİ䲼ǵضΪԼʹõȨ
˵ļ򵥣ȴ˾ò
̲ŵ̧ͷҲû뵽Ľ֡
֮ǰ˵ԼҲûбҪúʣ󷽵İһжͳ
Ƕܲŵģȷڽ֮УǼķܺãʲôĴûκεİԺš
ܷܷ˵ͷһϲּĳԻȺ˵ԶΰĻ롣
˵
ҡҡͷԵЩΡ
ѵνġ
ʵЩزҪʲô¡
ܷܷһ΢Цڿ͵ڿԼ
һֻ²ʵĸоҲ˸̾Ե˼㡣
˵ܹһе鶼ĻҶ֪Ӧȥ
ȻЩͷۣԸЩ鵱渵ϾǵļôĹϵ
ʵҪʲô˵ĻʲôǣҲǿŽġ
ܷܷЦЦ˵뷨
ձеĶҪ͡
ͬʱпһ˵ͷȷ룬ежӦǿȵģԸܹʹǱɸõԼ
Ȼ˵Ļֺαһ㡣
޹һĨ־ڱصõ΢Ц
һ˵Ĵ⣬Ŀ
ȵķ磬ǴǵȰ


436 ʥּ

ӵĻֲûг೤ʱ䡣
̱ںǸͼ涷ʱԼľ˿ֽƣʼǹ
ʱˡǡ
ϲǸһϲ
ܷܷʱû־˵Ҫȥ˸öá
ҪһжôƽͣûκεĶʲôܹôá
¾á
Ϊһּ⣬½еĲп
ȫйκεء
ʥּ
ƮƮĸ֣ܹ˵սľ
ʴӵذ˰֡
á
ֹܷܷ֮ǰ˵ʱϵ״Ǻܺã½죬ҪȥΪһ顣
Ȼеò׼ǻ޿κεİЩ𰸶˵˳ȥ赭д֮Уǹġ
ĵ˵ͷܷܷ˵˺ܶϢЩϢĵ߸ģЩϢãЩϢʱûʲôá
Щ˶кôΪ˵룬ν֮Уƺ뾿ô±ȽϺá
һ˽һˣʱ֮ǰԽԽ͵Ըȥթ
̲̫ۣΪ֪Խ۵ĻԽǻ˷ֲԾЩԾһһбĻֻñ˷Լ˼
ʵ룬ΪµĥǵĹƺǾǴȰˣעһеķչ
޿κε̾һֵܹǵĹСԡ
·ɡ
ԴΣûκΰ취
̾Ψһİ취ץǵˣΪһŬҪεץסᡣ
⵴ڻʳǶصķζ¡
ȥܹһƬӲӵĹâ޼ɵţҪȥǷ껪ԶŹȥ
еĲ̫һϵɫǲ԰ף¶Ų̬ɫʴӣһȥʱ㷢һ㡣
ǡյڹԱߵԺ档
ʱ򵭵˸Źԣֻ̫ʦϡ˼̡
ƺӱѾڴ£¶ˮīɫ
ʱֹͣĽŲЩ֮б£Ѿڸ֮
ɡ
øᡣ
ǲû뵽ʱһһǽˡ
̲ɫԱߣȻķɣǱ˾ĴĥӲӵͲ˻ʶϡ
ǵԼһʱ򣬾ܿʥһֱעЩͲ˻ʱ֪ѾǴĺ֮ʥϣѾԼ뷨
ʵϣƺѾˣľ״̬ܺãҲδһ¡
ʧ֪Ǹ
Ŀһۡ
˼ĵ˵ͷĻһλӡ
˵ĺܶԣġѾһ첻һˣʵͻȻ¿˼
һ˼˼̧üͷϸĶ̵ȹһÿʵģʵ޻΢ķˣϾ
ϵ˼̲̫š
˵귴ԼΪǿ͸һУҪץסᣬȥ᳢һ
ʵ֮ǰҲνĳܹ֮ܲ޹Ӳд
ƺһҹ֮ͷ࣬ǶԣǱ仯
Ѿߵ·棬Ҳûлȥİ취˵
̾һֿ˵
֮ĵһˣ˶һ޾һûѡ
ƺҪиһģеȫ渵ֻú̹ܲ
һжҪүջأһжҪʧȥħ
˻ϵĹ⻷֮ͻȻֻ˶ѡ
ʵҲֻ˶ѣҲҪ̫йֻ˵˵ҳ
ȴûô򵥣Ȼˮ˵Ҫж·ӣҪжࡣ
ܹеƿӺӶɢǶ˽ϵˮ硣
úϢһбøӺá
ȴûйЩƵ뷨ֻԹԵ˵ţĸһһĸңֻкúϢɽ𢶼ܹ˭ܹں޵ĸأ
ܹ֮ĺѪ˿ͬ޵һš
㾿ô룿
ͻȻıԵЩΣô֪ô룿ʲô취ԶԵġ
ʵҪ˵ЩʲôϿԾЩнģ͵ЦЦ˵ʲôֱ˵ֲʲộҲΪɥ


437 ̸

͵εવĵӡУһ֮ܰС
Ϊ͵طȻ෴ò˵Ϊ컷˲
ֹò׼ϾǸʲô˼Ҫǻ˵˼
ǡ
ʱˣԭȥ˻ۼĻϣֻһߣֹ˵ݣβ
һס
ôĶӡ磬֪ÿһӶܺãҲ֪ÿһ˶Լ׳־ҲʲôɵӵȻףǶԻȨĪ󡣡
ĬЮš
ֻܹһԵͷ״ʱ˿ҪҪĻش𣬻̫¶ˣֻҪһܹеĻȥ
üͷ˳üۣ˼Ȥ˼
ǲΪʲôѡ㣬˵ôࣿ
ȷЩ桭
ͷĶ˻ϵһ˫˪۾ڴЩϲá
Ȼ˶һҪ˵Ļ϶֧֧Ҷ
Ϊʥ˵Ļ̶ȥˣȻ˵ֻƽҳĻʣҲʲôֵɣ
Ľ׳
ӻϵЩ˼˵ܹף´λҪˡ
̫Ѿʵʺ̨һһоͷ˷츲صı仯
Ȼ˵ĸΪơ
ǲòϣһж˱仯֮ʱ
ĸʵֱúҪˣ˶Ϊƾ̫ѾܹʺһˣΪ֮ǰʺ̨֮󣬻Ͼͺٰȥ
˵ҲЩԻһȡĶ
ĶӡҲûʲô뷨ǲ޾˵һ˵롣
ЦǺǵĿܹ֮ŵԥ
ʵʥϲ˵Ļʵ̶͵Цװ£Ȥͺˣ飬һЦˡ
˵ڵķĴǵӣܻһ֮գûжԷеô
ô顣ϵĻܴŰԵЩ˵Ҫǲ˵Ļµðܴײȥˡ
дĻںޡ
ȥʲô飬Ȼܹôе
жִŵĴȻ׻˵ǵңҪġ
ǵۼŨ˼ʱ֮ǰĻȻ
Ҳְɣһֱ˼ǸŮˡ
º͵ЦЦڴ̫ʦվߵߡ
һڿ޶һһ㣬Ҳ֪ܹһܹ
ЩܵĿԼ̸Ͻ˹ȥĸıȻɾոΪԶѪҺ
ǰ֢ˡ
Ҳ֪Լˡ
Щ鲻Ϊ˱ģΪԼ
İʮֵĵĮ·뿴ʲôҡҡͷΪжٵľ
ʵҵҲΪ顭
ƻλεػ˻Լ֣Ȼһִ̽۹⣬̣ͬͷȥŶԷܹоνеıŷ
ϵ˼ǣ
ûʲô˼һһ˵ļᶨޱȣ״ɫżķ롭ǸúӣӦĽ֣֮ǰ޿ġ
ƺĳһֻ֮Уıȥܹӿʼţı룬Ȼ
ֵܹᣬܾ˵ӡԶĮĴԴʡ
ᴹµһ̣ƺһж˷츲صı仯
˵Ҳֻ⻹Զ
ϵĮĻ֮У¶ĲңƺǶ龰Լķ˼
֪һֽԭҡ
ͻȻѻ˵δ֮£˵֮ǰ飬ĵĻת
Ǳ˶ƽϵĻ»ɺ󻼣Ļ޻Ƿģ֪ǸԴĺӡ
Ͼʹ˴ļƣֻܹĵĴ
ŮʵǱ̫ˡ
ʱһϸףʼһһεĽĹľĺӡ
ȥ˽Ƥ£¶ǰһƺһ֮ȫȻʧͨס


438 ûд

ʱ䲢ûгá
߶߶߶ΪξҵĿԶǡôֹͣ
ʥСһЩΪʥϿҩɡ
̵ǵĽĿת˹ȥϸĴһζóһ㡣
Ѿͬˣ˵ǰʥϾƣ֮ʱܹҹ͡
ʹļζˣ״ǰǰá
ǺܶʱðİԼĹ˵øõ³ֿԡ
Ա㽫еȫи֪һ㡣
鷴ʼյģһֽһֱʹ顣ýԼȥܡ
յͱһƺܵů
⺢ĸ׵飬һȥ⡣
ѾԽԽȥԼ̳µݣһһҵسƺԼͬδͽ⣬ǽһжһ㡣
룬϶ԹţԹڵʱûаĸҽƧԸûĻ»Ѱ졣
ϵÿһ仰˵ĳγںԼĮĶӡ
ĸһЩĮĿü۶һƣͻ鲻Խطĸ̾ٶ̶֮У԰Ρ
һ仰û˵ĬĬİЩӡ֮Сٻ̸ĸص飬Դĸ׵򳹵׵ı֮еϢ綼˳֮С
ûκεĴ𰸣ǰʯͷ̳ˮ档
ֻĥ£øӹƧ
ҲΪ£үŻ̲ڴʱĺͻ硣ʲôԣڻѾ˸ͷ
ÿһ飬һΪӡ֣ܹóϸ׵Ŀǳ
ھԥԼϵıŷθ̵Դڵı
ֻ˵ԴĬеòӦǺԵĴλ
ʵ̶ҲܲµʥϣжᣬǾһִȷģʱö֪
òϣһееıŷӦԴֻЩԴܹǡôĽһе໹ԭ
ܹүүҲʱ㣬ү鷿滹һֻġ
ֻһͷβѣүȻԹ㣬Թ޵ģǵʱ˶ֶ񶾵Ļʺ󡣡
̼ڻϵ΢ͣһ²裬ĵ͸
ܡ
ʲôԣүͬľʲôԣȻ˵ÿһ鶼ӦĽβӦĻȴҲӦѸٵĹϡ
Ѿ뿪ϣô˵УӦֻбʹ
˵ĺܶԣȻͬĸ˵ģѾͷܻĪĵطϲ̬ӰĻ΢΢ĵ˵ͷĳ˵ֻҵЩǿܲô룬۰ѻλ˭Ƿ츲صһѡ
į
֪ˣʥϵڻû͸¶ЩĿڷ磬ÿ֮ҡôһΣȻĴ˭û֪
Ѿܹ͸¶ܶϢˡ
ʥĵĻúøһ
ϸ롣
벻һҪλ֮ǰȻô飬һֱûжԻλȷĿ
ܹǶλһܹĵĶԴգҪˡϣһҪ˼
˵һĴҲܼ򵥡
ؿ϶ҪıųڵģҲ˵˻λı仯
ۣԽԽԸ
Ҳûϻ᳹׵ϲ
ȹҲһ£ƾĥϿеҪƽеһ飬ĥе䡣
ƾĥ
ϸϸľ׽͸¶˼Ļ˻֣ʾϽ뿪
һûй̸ĵ̸ۻᣬڴ˿̣Ѿ׵ĺĻ
û˻⣬Ҳû˻֪˵ķŶڵĴ𰸡
Ѿģֻû͸¶ֺ
̵õĴȴûг׵չѸٵķһԡ
ͷ۵̫Ѩȴˣڹſڵ̫̫޷Ѿ߰ס
̶Ѿͷ˺þá
̫ͣûκιӡ
ƽ˵ŽܺпĻȻ͵ĳЦЦס֡
㰧ҳȥ߰ɡ
ȥ
̲Եĵɴ˫̫󣬷絭ģһʱ֮仹סġ
ôˣ㰧ҳȥ䣬ѵʲô⣿
Ȼҡ


439 ȥ

ĻشҲעվķչԶԶĳԤϡ
ʱ򶼻һ±ƣ˵ǰϿôڷչֵز
̶Ѿͷһӡ
ֳ̫ˣƽ䵭Լʲô˲õĴ顣
˭еϰɣϾ֮ǰɴû⵵飬ѵ̫Ļϵ尲Σ𣿡
⻰ҪǱ˵һִ治ζ棬˵ֻ̣̫ƵЦЦûж鷢ԼĿ
̫á
ϸϸĥһ
еΣ֮ǰżٵʶǱֳˣһȻģɵЩִٲһֽڶһܲ˵С
СѾͷӾף̶İѻϵŵˣǣôǰҵĶӡ̫ƵЦЦ鲢û̫뷨˵һȥ˾͹ȥˡ
ͬ¡
ܹ֮ڶС̯Сֵƺ͹ڹķ
̫Ŀ֮Уű˼˵˶ĽЩϽˣðϵٹ⣬ȫ˵ĶĤݣ˭ܹ֪ҲϣܹȥЩء
ѭ浸أÿһֶõӲģӦôʵ϶Ϊ˴
мЦЦֻ̫΢΢ҡҡͷҲ֪ǵòκεĸͬܡ
ֻܹͷӭϡ
Ҳ֪ʲô鶼ˡ
̶ʱһãȻ֪˵Щʲô󷽲ź֪
̫Ȼ˵ҪһߣĿǵͳƵġ
ǻһѣƽĸˣȲ޷סġ
һֱʲôܹõĽһеⶼܹǶһЩĻ
Ҳ֪̫ǳǳĺ̾һҲԸᡣ
ֱͣΪֵĵطҲĵط
кܶڰҵ£㶼֪
̫Ŀ˼ĵ
ĵ˵ͷҲû̫ľȻԸ˵ԼԸ
ѾͷǸܺõߣǣڲҪҪﰧһæ
һһ磬һҶһᡣ̫˼̾һ֮󣬱Ƶҡҡͷûڴ˶ᡣ
˳
Сǰûж˵Щʲô
ƮĻ껺شš
ףΪеĹ⣬ԣдһ֮С
Ǻþöûпôֵˡ
̫˼˵ţϵֽĸԼĶ
ƺ͸ԼĻȥġ
һȻһЦȻЩã֪룬ԭǡ̫ճͱ鲢׵ɣֱӵ˳
ǻ̫ûĻڰаæڿҲһЩ١
̶ѾͷҪ̫ᡣ
յļƺʾķ׷֮䡣
Ҳܹĵ˵ͷ׻Ҳ˵ú֮֮Ҳûʲô취
֮¼
̫ĵ˵ͷ
֪ӦöŹľᡣ
˵仰֮󣬾ȥһİСҡҡ֣ϣȥ
֮òףԭԼ۷ö̫ͱͨ磬ҪԼ˶Ŀ

ĵ̾һ޿κεվſڣŶѾϣҲܹ濴棬Ҳܴ濴档
ȫǱڵʵʵģ˿϶̫
Щͷſڶţȥߣ˵Ա߹һ䣬ҪɵվſԵΡ
ǣ̫һĻַĲ£һĳ˸ʲôĻûеطȥԶֻܸ޿κεġ
ţһһģƶġ
ŴôĵһΣûκεİ취
΢ɲ̾µһܹϡϡȷЩںδΪʲô顣
Ҳ֪ʱ⣬˶ãҲûʲôʱĹߣֱ󡪡
̫ĻϲĴ˳Ȼǰ׷ԲԵģǳ⵴ϣֳ˲ͬɫʡ
ڶ
Щεĵ˵ӣҲ֪ȥ˵ЩʲôȥѯʰɣԼҲûʸ
ȥѯʾҪóĬشĻָо˵ʲô顣
Դε̾һ


440 ȥ

·Ҳ֪ôȥ̫һ޴ģѵõĴЦҡҡ
Ѿͷ͵á
̫һ棬̶ôĵأ
֮ǰ͵֪࣬Ӧô͡
̶Ǿá̫֪ľٶܴģұ˵Ļпܻͨ籨š
ץסʱ̡
ĸԸĳΪõĹߣʱ޿κΡ
СѾͷԹ̫󡣡˵ţ΢һ̧üԹ
⻰Ҳܹ˵̶ã̫һп϶ԼĿȻ֪ӦôζҪ̽һЩϢģ̽һһ׻֪֪顣
Ϊϲ֪Ҫͷȥ˵
ӿ϶֪ҵһЩ뷨ǲ֪ĻһЩսľ
Լظ翵̾һµĽǶֱĿͶ
ѾͷԺȥٻ£ֻһĸףһԼӵ״ĸףʵʵ˵һ£Ҷӻжõ
û뵽ʵôֱףɫԴΣϾȥʱ򣬶ûУûУʱö֪
顭
еεİһһʮ˵˹ҲԸƭ̫󣬵ǵԼ鱨ЧӦ
㣿̫Ƶ̾һøô죿
Ҿ򵥵Ľ취ҩϵ壬ȻûнУֻܹϵ״ȷ½ɫ΢԰ס
оݵ˵ţ̫Ŀ⣬Ҳ˿ҡ
Щ̫ҽԺѾ˱ãֻһöûС
̫֮ǰȸӵĽҲδ뵽չȥ
Ŀ࣬Ͼû뵽ڡ
ѵʲôû𣿡
š
ȻԵ֢״أǸոսӴʱûиܵ˵ĴС
ҡҡͷ̾һһֱӵĽ
ƺҲԸڴ˶ᣬΪҲס
ܹܲĸãҪ˲㡣̫޿κεĵ˵Ķͷ֧ӣ֮˼ĸ̾һ
˵֦ɢҶôãôֻѾͷ˼ʡģѾͷһһҪȥĻ˵һܹ
̫Ũңƺ˼ãòһʵĴ𰸲Źѯ̡
ϱ²飬ϱӦλش
̴ϻûоȴ˵ģɵε̾һ
ʫȷǸʡ͵ĵƣ˷ô¶ķ꣬ʵͷۡ
쳺ôöûгɻ֮ǰҸ˼źû£ܾˡƺ̫֮࣬Ȼü֮лǳ̸۵Ļ⡣֮ǰȵĸɡ
⡭
Ҳһ
ô֣ѵ̫ڰʾҸϽһŻ°ɣô֪˭ʺġ
ĬĬ²һ֮ȴֳһһģ²ֱ
ֻ΢΢ĵͷģ̸̫۵ؼĻʱ˼ĵͷ
ͺܼ򵥵İܹȥ
ðɣѾͷҲûʲô̫Ȥ
ȻҲȻˣЩСžţ̫޿κε̾һļ򣬱ʾֱ뿪
̴һԾ£Ҳûָ̫ɴࡣ
ѾͣԱߣֻҪȥ
ȴܹܵ޲ƵĴ̫̫ûκεķ
ֲͷŵĸоһļį
䲻֪ӦδܹȷĴ𰸡
һκεĽͣκεãӦóΪʹĸԴ
罥Ĵš
̫ıӰ
ǶԻǴأϣ
˼ĽȥԸصʹȴƵ֮˼š
һǵŮӣղһһε̽Ϊǡô̬ˡ
쳺ϲ飬̫ȷ
ȻĻҲò
ʷϷģһŮӵ顣Ϊԭ̽ŻһνһΡ
⡣
ȴɻ
쳺ܹܲ׵İ£ķµĻŲнֵܷҲԸ⿴졣
˰ˡ
ɽоҪġĿЩıĸ˸ԼѾ԰ײеͷ
Щ˭ܹأ
ĵš


441 ˣ

һƬ͡
̺֪ԼظЩսľĴſ˳һԼû׳ҡ
ȻĻЩ²ýͣţû뵽ܷܷȺ
ڼϣǵĵƻѾҡҷšʵ˸
ܷܷ
㣬ڻˣ
ܷܷϲĿ
үڻ𣿡
һµ̾һεţ䲻֪Ӧν
үһֱڴȴ㣬ҵĽʱܻ飬ҲһֱڵȴŽ㡣
ܷܷȻȻѿ˴ǣһĨЦݣԵЩ
̱ΪͦصģڿһģЩϲõı顣ĪģЩã֪롣ûж˵ʲôĻ
˵򵥵Ľʽ㳹׵ġ
ܷܷһ仰ȻȻǲԸŹκεʱ̵ģ򵥵ĽǸϽ
Ӧνν̶ܹС
ĪЩԼѾ벻֮ǰ̫Щ飬ӦӦǶԵġ
𰸻ܼ򵥡
ûгֵʱһжһƬơ
Ỻ͵̾һҲûкʲôᡣ
˵ӦôܹõȷĴأ
̲Ϊ̾һȻ˵ʱ仹Լ뷨۴һִ𰸣ΪΡ
뻹һ˴ڴ֮УĿƵһֲĴۡ
ʲô鶼û
һʱ֮䲻֪ȥʲôѹģַֻܹʽŽԼ¡
ӵһֱӶ˵ذӵ˻
̣֪֪ܵģ㻹ǲ֪ʲô⡣
Щսľҡҡͷ֪ô飬Ȼܹܵӵŭ⣬һʱ֮仹ûΪʲôԷԴԼ
һһĲš
һжʲô
޿κε̾һƺЦƺΪǿı仯
΢ĺһ
뿴һҪģǾֺֺЦ
㻹ǳıӵˡͳֱ϶ϢĶ˺ߵģ
֫彩ֱףΪʲôԷᷢŭ𣬵ǻģĵ˵ͷ
ôѽ
ûĵ˵ôˣѵΪ׻֪һԾֱȥ˹ҪܷܷͨһĻһΪүһˡ
˵İԵȴִǡô⧲
̸Ͻ˱ԼĻУļʾһУûʲô飬ȻҲֻô˵ţʵһ״Ļ¶ԷԼˡ
ⲻ·ͻȻ𣿿Щ漰壬ҵķһЩǡ
˵Լ뷨ȻģܹԷĿ⡣
ٺ֮ǰһͣ಻֮ǰЩڵģƺеĵںһ
˵ģ
ԺǺٻʱһ˵⡣
İܹõһõĽûܹԤ֪ĸ׺͸׵ı绹Ŀ
ҪЩ̫ˣҲúõĴ𣿲ھѾ𣿡
̵һθоԼ˵Ļǣеһ˲ķӵֱתƻˡ
ӦôҲѾ˶ۣ֪ıǾԲ׾ٵİһжŹ
˵ĺÿһ仰˵ϣĽĻһӳ֪ν͡
ЦЦͷһθܵԼڵľִٲԼӦһ֮С
ǵģ֪ʲôʱ꣬ԴŭӣЦЦ
ѵһд·ͻȻǺүĻҳһжҵĴүҲӦΪ
ԴԼ뷨
״η˴Ļ
뿴һģľֺֺЦǶԷ׾ٵķĻӡеǸѾԯޡ
ľôԸеԼĴ󣿡
ƺѵõĴԹһʾŮӣȴһθܵ˾
Ů㣬Լǰ
˵ܹ˵ٵĺݻأ˵Ӧı


442 

΢Ķһĸλ΢΢Ŀһ㣬ᵣŮһӻ᲻¶ˮӨĹ
ֻܹһЩӲİԼĻ߾ͼһ˵
˺òá
Ҳ֪Լʲôʱˣǲʹģһֱ׹ţͬߵһδδİͷ
Ϊ֪ʥڵ״΢ڻϼݱĵĻû
⻰û˵꣬һֱֱӵĶס졣
֪Լˣȴֲ֪ôοԷַֻʽһһĻŶŭ
һжǱĲãһжǱĲԣ̶дԭ±òá
ҲԸᣬֻ赭дҡҡ֡
˵ҪԭҾԭ㣬Ǻû𡣡
ֱ׳ĻﱻжܹԷĿ֮в͵ޡ
ʮϧסĴһж˷츲صı仯ԼˣԸġ
˺̶ԭҰɣдǴݲȣҪҪԵ㷹˵ڻʱûгԶ
ͷع˹ı
ۿ֮еỹûס
һ˵ԵĶĶҲʱĶ
๾ĽܿĳΪһ־ıǶһģԵЩεЦһ¡
һסԼĶӣգգ۾
˵ãɺûʲôϵ
̰ʮ̧ͷȻүϴĻͰүٷҳ԰ɡ
þöûгԹķˣһ뵽Ҳ̵ģе档
ֻܹĵ˵ͷ飬۴Ӧܹôأ
˱Ƕ˳ĶȫǱ˵ġ
ǰǲģͲԷÿοȷ˸ͬǵĹЩܾĻﶼѾɢ
Լĺϱ϶Լŵѽ
䣬ĶܱܹѸٵġԵĲ˶˿
ϲĲȣһӼǰʱ򻹲Щˣǿĺ;¥ѧġ
ݱؿʼ
̾ͲҪ̫ˣֻҪһԣյؿ⸱ģò⡣
ñ֪õүȻÿ춼ڼջĻ»˾ԼĻѾ˰ɡ
˵主£һ˵лһྐྵӡ
޿κε̾һ
ΪʲôΪ㣬ϣܹúõġ
ȻֳһεģʵĿֿ˾ʲô⡣
̻ûеȶãɫζȫķѾı
ԵӼţ⣬иԼ˿ɢľӨĹ
ö˵֪϶Ǻķһĵġ
үˣүڵĻҶûлôóԵķˡ
ƨĹҲһģֻжЩд
ϲģǻ˼㣬ȻĻӡ
ЩĵļһӣԵӼɫζȫѾǷϻƪˣֻһܹܵĴС
ĻϲĵȴŶԷģȴ˵ġܹԷԵĻģܵů
ӳǵ֮ϣеĸ鶼ƺڴ˿̶˾㡣
ү̫ˣܹôóԵķˣ
һһεĴţȻҲʵС
ȴһÿһط˻ϲ˳䱯ɡ
ҹɫ
Īаһ֮ϣбƵԣįһȻȴûڱ¶
ˣǾȤĶ࣬бµĻ뿴Ǿܹﵽγ̶ȡ
Īа¶һĻЩթЦݣѵԥһʱûз֣òϡ
ĳ̶ֳϼȡԼ
Ů˸
̣
ЩЦĳԼһһظ֡ȷʲôһĻĵ˵ͷƺΪƮϢԼıԡ
νĴ𰸡
ĪаЩͷ۵Լ̫Ѩ˭¶ûУģԼΪŮ˶һ˲ĳ
ܹõĻĪаԺͻȻðļ֡
֪ԼһҪŮ˸㵽֣ȻĻĲ˼־ҵţ·ڰʾ


443 õ

֮ǰֹŤ׻Ҳ˵úãͷܴβ͡
Ƶ̾һȻſڴϣֱ߻һܴĴޡ
а˸߾ͺͨбࡣ
֮ǰⶫ΢ʡ
̶㿴㱧ⶫһ¶ȶûУ籧ɺů͡
үⷬҪǷڶ˵Ļ̶϶ܿĵģֻڴʵ̫ˡ
̿ǻ˺ôһ򣬲һһαȰαڱ䶳һϵʱó˯
ֱһС䡣
ĬĬĿԼĴû뵽ȴ룬ľԼΣء
һİ˱ԼĻζѵȷĴ򿪷ʽ𣿡
ҵȻãȷĴ򿪷ʽ
ԽԽ˵ĹͨԽԽûϰˡ
֮ǰ˭û뵽ȻԼ˵Щִﶼ¼Ϊһء
˲һϧ֮Уõš
ڴһ߱ԼαܵһܹܵԷĴ˵ů۵硣
㾿ҪЩʲô
ʴӵİԼͷ­˶Էļ֮ϣѵõչ¶ãɫ
ʵ鱾ںֻ֪ʺ˵ʲô
Ŀ֮д֮ǰ飬ֹ
ѵү֪ˣ˵Щʲô飿
֮䲻Ҫһʲôֱ˵ͺˣֻܹܵԷĵͷ
ƺǿء
Ҳ˵ˣʱûУҲûκεϣȴƫƫּΪԵʰл
һ֣ϤԷƢѾܹµһš
ֻǹ¶Ķѣ¶ǲҪĳĬ
ֻҪһߵĶ
һģԼͬڸţһһʴӣ޷κΡ
ǧҪ롣֪Է뷨󣬱ֱסĴʵʥ϶үһֱǻ֮顣ǣҲεģȥİҲΪ֮ǰûоΪ׵Ρ
뻹ջǰѴ˵˳֮һ£һζĶпδһС
̲Ըõһ˵ʵʼյĻԸһжһпܵģ
뻺ĵ˵ͷƺС̹һ˲Ĳӡ
˯ɡ
˯һ
˯úܺã֮ǰЩҲڣھһ˫ֿʵĴ֣ĸӡ
ƺڸһжֵġ
һ֮ѵõļΣεʱûκεجΣҲһһε٣źĸ׵ķֱ
ͯƺڲ֪бԲ
Դ뷨⣬֪ǡ
ǸԱյֳһɰСŮ
ǸСŮǵȹ̡
̴ľˡٷѵʱүûѡ
ƺ˯ú죬ǰ˯ʱ׽֯һüͷȴûκεĽ֯
һѵ˯ŵģԼʱ΢̾һڳźõķнš
ĬĬţȻ˶Ѿߵİ֮˳׼һʢ͡
޺Ͷ˲סţҲҴ⣬õ״̬Կˡ
Ķɾ䡣
֮ǰʱϲҲ֪ܹܲԵùߣԾͰΣȻʣ飬ԼͿĨķʽ˺濾ȻһСˡ
ʳ棬ҲǺܽġ
˲Ҫಹӣ˼޿³ԵĶ嵭Ծ档
һЩ²⣬鲻ԽİѶı׼΢ķſһЩϾţÿ˶ÿ˲ͬϲ͡
ȵеĶȫ꣬Ǵ졣
ûκεİ취첻ô΢ĶһоȣΪ˵ԼֺһȽⶾҩ
ſҲҪϽдȥȻܷܷԼĸ׸дһ⡣
ȥҩȥץҩȻǵðʱá
ɵķԸˡ
ȰȻ֮ǰıѴ̵ᡣ
һĶ˵ĻЩЩֻᱳѸӿ죬ʵһ໥ӳĹ̡


444 

ĿԼϵĻ̵һѵĲˣҲŵ¶΢Ц
޺Ͷ˲ʱҲһЩ¡
ʵΪȴ汻˸ʽ͡
˵ǵսľ
Щεߵһߡ˲ӣһʱܵ˾ȣЩϣûһϤĲȣ֪Ӧô
̫нЩ˶Լģ֪ϲһֿζģԾһһ㻹ãϲĻҪೢһҲǿԵġ
óŮ˵̬ʱȥ֮ǰп׵ڣߵһܹһеŮˡ
شǵκεε
˵ͷڷǰһ档
л
˲ΪһںӣҲ֪ôȥݣôĿķ˷ǰȴ֪ν
ĻϲĿǳԶģѵõЩ졣
ϾЩͶɹ
ͷЩҲǱʳ޲ԭ
˵ĺǡĿǰ֪Ӧȥһ⣬Ȼ֮ǰʱ˵Ѹٵ
ǵڱ˹ȵϣܻһֺܻ㱵ĸо
ҲҪ̫ȻѾʱľסͰﵱһ
̲ɫüͷϸػһ˵˶ԷĲԾһַʽ򵥵Ľ취ֻһöԷܣշΧǡôŻá
޵ͷ֮ǰոռʱķ绪ïڵһŴ󷽡
˲ȣûôȦȦƵС˼òϡ
ǲʵ̫ˣ΢ĴִһЩҲЩתתУҪڵͷͷЩζ˵ʳյ㡣
ʱ⧲оȥû֪Ӧδ
˳ԵڵģֻͥԺķΧûôˡ
̱ҲţȥһԼĻױĶûȱٵġ
ȱ©֮ǰԼСʵһһѵĶ
ȱٵĻͰЩȥû뵽ЩոܹˮɫӰԼԽԽ
Щðֹˣϣŵ
Ҳα
ûʲôֻնѡ
޿һĶʰģĵ˵ͷȻԼҲǶӣģյ㶫ϰߣЩСȫһɫĴ档
ҲЩʲôֹ׵ָĵ㲦űӣ˵
ʵ֪Ӧôر
һֱھӦıȥشһݶ飬ֵ̫ţ᲻ñ˾ԼйǱֵƽƽ棬ֺȱ˵ʲô
һ˲ںЩ֪Ǻá
޿κεİ˰֣ȻΪֻ֮л⡣
ҲҪ̫ģÿһ鶼ÿһĽء
ϸ룬ҲȷԼҪʲôֻ꣬ǹȥϣίĻöԷ֪
νʩᣬĸܺãҪᡣ
ϣЩκε˼ǵġ
̴ݲȵ˵š
ĵ˫֮Ĺâû뵽Է˵
ôУôãһֱǵϣʲôرĻ̫ʶ̧ˣ£ǾԲܹġ
ȻҲԼ԰Ըⱻʩᡣ
ȻһУ߸ϵİ죬żҲͷ
ʵڶ̫ˣ㵽СĽ˵Ķôܹȥ𣿡
ֻһˮ֮ӿȪ౨Ķǣܵܵһ˵ǲǵˮ֮ˣмܵġ
Ըؼһ
Σϣܹܹ顣
ˮɫӰҡҡƮɢ
ƺˮһҡҷš
˼ĵ˵ͷ˴ǣڱе뷨ҲҪԷȥЩʲôֻϣԷܹԼ΢̤ʵһ㡣
ҲҪΪȥЩʲô飬Ȼ뷨ĻͺһȥҰЩϰɣ
һ˫Ӱ֮У˸ŹԣŶԷ
һʱ侹Զԣ˳߿˹ȥЩСƿӰŸ
κε⣬ǰڵǡô


445 ȥ

Ѹٵ˶Է˼Ҳ֪ԷԸ϶Ϊѣֻĵ˵ͷ
˼˵Щ齻ؾͺˣ㲻Ҫ̫鷳Լ
Ҳ˵ģôˡ
ֻҡҡͷ·Ҳ̫⡣
΢罥Ĵǣ˱һ˱һӣ֮ǰױλá
ڸʿİ֮£ױݱ
޿˵ʣЩû̫⣬ոհæʱҲֻǰЩܷɫСƿӷűİںá
ЩʲôõģϸĿ̽һŷ˾̾
ЩģҾȻյĹЧ
ŮӾԶôӹףֹͣǶ׷
ĵ˵ͷ
ЩҾзĶüܹԷҲǺģͬҲܹ׽룬ֻԶۣ񲢲Լʲô
ѽúܿһ£ͬʱܻ˾Щ̫Ӧ
㲻Ҫ룬һϲЩĻҶܹЩ㡣
޲˼ذ˰֣ôԣ΢ҡҡͷ˵ôأҵĻܹһ¾㲻ġ
Ҳûаѻ˵̫׶Է뷨˵ݵּۻһһԵǶǲҶ˵
̧ͷóһƿҺҲóһߵƷѧϰĽš
̫ͬнˣЩƷеĹ˿͹ǰõʱǶһ²ͬĻƷ
һ뵽Щݻ֪ʶͬϵĽˮһ಻
˵Щ⣬ֻҪϲĻʵһƿҲνģôһǮ𣿡
İȷƤķ֮Ҳܹ֢ҩԷѡ˺ʵĻױƷֻڱһԵЩ΢
ҵӡ
Ϊҡż
Ȼһ£ܹٵѬգǵĴ֮ʱžһз˷츲صı仯
ûоáĻϲһ֧Ħ˪۽Χɢһ£ǲһֱĴУܹЧĻƣ͡
Ȼ֪Էô룬Щͬһ㡣ǡôĸƽиʽƺ֮ǰ̫ѹãɵþĳš
ʵֵƾûƷȻûױƷһĥ֮˶ݹ
ɲҪСЩҾзġ
ûһŮܹܱħͬеԼȻͬķ񡣶޵ٶȱˣ·ǻˣʲô΢ɲģ̾һ
һ߰۾ͿĨӰһʵʵ֮ǰʱһֱһҺܺ档
ʲô飿
һԼܣ˿ľȸУضš
νĶļϣû
ʵһֱһˣҲԸ˵˭Ȼȷ˲ޡ͵֮дЩĺ棬·Сèͼ˼ˡ
۾ƭ˵ģҷں̸۵һЩʱл鲻Խ¶ı飬ȴȻܹ˵ģ˵һֱ˼һˡ
İһױݣɫӰˮɫĳȹãƮϢ֮¶ġ
ûнһƯ־µĨȥߣ͹Գ
覸ֶòϣĵӺܺãһ޶
Ȼ̸ֶܹʱ񾭶˵嶼һֱֽ״̬˵߶Ƚ䱸Ϊģʽ¡
ԹñˣҲԹԼ
仰⣬ŸԼ۽ǵ룬ǳǳ̾һ
ƺǽԼеı׳ĳȫһи֮Уع鵽ԭ㡣
˵ȾᣬִֻԼһħϣȻбĽ𣿳ԼûС
ηĵԼ˫
̿һģֹ
һ˵Ůˣëۡ
һҽŮʱʱֳʹ౯ˣûôĳһ߰޵ŮӣͻȻֳŨĻǳ
ױȵĳ߶һʱ֮ûа취ȥʲô
㾿Щʲôأ˵˵ĻҾôɲء


446 Ȼһ

ױһƬ͵Ϣ
óľǰѿģգ˴¶ǳǳĺǳǳ˼һеȫ֮С
Լ侲ĴŻױΪ̲ܹӷƷøϲԼĶ
֮ǰص㡣
ҲΪ׵ıиܹ֮˶һּɵ״̬
˵ںЩʲô
Ŀһţ˽˥ܵĹ̶ǡ
ûκεı仯ֻİױȫĲȴŶԷĺġ
ӦЩʲôӦúµǣǾԲΪˣ֮ǰ˵Ļ𡣡
̵㵽ֹҪ̫ľ
ĻȻߣĻ֮Ϊϵһ̣ȥɣܻõĽ͡
ʵһֱϲˣͬջǲŰԼҪߵĴ𰸸ȹڡ
ǰǲҪɻˣ
Ĺ۲Զܹĵص㡣
⸱ģҲȻΪʲôɫĳȹΪϲǴɫġ
Ļ㹻̹ģڶ޷ȴ
޲Ű˰֣ƺ뾿ôܹһС
һоһһĲ˼飬ٸЩᣬҶþҲһ¡
֮Уž裬ָȹƳһһȦг
Ĵ㹻Цû֪ҪЩʲôȷĴ򿪷ʽ
ĸԸһжǻԣǾ
Ϊֻܹ˽һ˵ģ˵˽һʵС
Ըҽһһ𣿡
̰ģ˭ܹ׵мܵסĶǵħֻܹ˵ͷ
Ը⡣
ºܾԶԶģһһĲš
޵ȻҪǵԼʲôʱһλꡣ
ҵŵܵһ壬ķҵĻΪ®ΪӵȻЩǲԼģһֱȥ
˻֮С̻ı˫ۣһԹߵ̬ӽǿһĽ١
һϡ
޺Ͷ˲˾ţ֮׷ڻ֮ҵһ鰲ĵط
ǽ˵뷨Ҳܼ򵥣ȵðһεȹȥı顣
ԵĽӴһλҲ
ʵ޼ҿɹ飬ûκεȥ
ֻܹݷĵƹ⣬롣
͵͵ڽ棬֪һλŮڲ˼ش
ҲƼˮ꣬ҪκζĶ
ȴû뵽Ⱪһ¾졣
ʱ䣬ûκεĸֻܹעʱ͵͵ĳȥЩҰӡ
ˮҲȥĵطˮ
һ֮лǱʱҲһӵת۵㡣
ҵһԷֳ׶ΣһڵȻӵɵ꣬ȴҵĿյģûκεĸܹңһֻһ¡ʹĵ˵ţͨͨʣһ飬Ǹҹʱ䣬ұˣʲô飬㹻֪
ֻһе﷢췭ظı仯
ֻţʱʱĵ˵ͷԤʾԼһС
ҲɱİǷɶ˻𲻿԰Σ֪ǲԵġ
ܹı룬δᣬִŵعĿڣų貵̻
ޡ
ĹµԶԶĳ
һ죬ʵΪ̫ƶûиεһʱΪ˻
Ҳһˡ
˵ĸѸ٣ԶǵȻξһţòʵ
޼ĵ˵ͷ֮дųص˼
ϰԶһ䵽ʱǻ鲻Խĵͷ
̲˼˼ҲûȴŶԷĺ
˵ҫ棬ܹ֮ʱͻȢңʳˡ
󼸸ֱ˵ƮƮģƺ紵ɢ۾۵׻ɡ
̾һûж˵Ļ
ҵʱȷΪǸʱպðүһ׮һؾͿ


447 ٶط

֪޵ʱжôı
Ϊһеİޣµ֮Ѿ˵ʱ⣬ΪæµĹȴ
˲ʱ򶼻ܹȰ
ֺαһϵôĺˣѵֻ𣿡
˲ĵƲֻ˵ģʵ̫ûã뵱Ͽ̲͸ġ
֮ǰ˲磬ҵĴ󣬵ǲòϣһεĸҴ˺ܴʹˡ
޺ԾĿʼԼĴƺüͷЩίŶԷ
̾һѵס֣һеĴôܹ˵Ϊأ
ɲҪô룬㣬ֻ˲ѣҶõĸ֮֮顣
̵ķԶǡô˵һ仰
ҪΪһݸΣ㻳ĲǸ˺ӣ㻳ʵӵеʱ⡣
ƺܹİ֮¿ʼһʱ⣬Ϊκ˶ı䣬ȴ
һϯ˵ĺеࡣ
˵ЩܶԣĿ𣿡
ʱʱЩԼԼһкһľ
̵˵ıӡǶԴ뷨
Ҫ̫ࡣ
ҪΪЩ뷨
̽εľ棬ǴԼĵ
ȷЩе
޵Ǻ֪ˣִôģ鶼ȥҪǡ
ҪΪһС¶й뷨
̽ס֣̫ȥںν˭ܹڻýдͻģָϸһųܹųȷ𰸡
ڲԸȥЩ
ֻһһİѶԷԨ֮УöԷһͭеǸԼж
㿴ôÿһŮӣΪʲôҪһᲱϵأѵȷĸ鲻ӦóΪȷĹ𣿡
ΨԼ뷨ԸΪίȫ˵¶нյ㡣
ϣյԽԽԶ
޿ͭеԼƯھĶǵƺѷˡ
ܹͬеԼˮɫһ棬ƺշã˵ľĹȴ޹˫֮УžĹʡ
ֱҼ·ɫӳҺɫӰµĹγ
΢Ϳں죬޸ӣС죬˸Ĵʡ
һԱż磬ѾˮܽأԼΣŮ¶һĨ΢Ц
ҲЩƷҪԭϣʹڸķ⽨ĹŴ֮УÿһλŮҲܹӵӦܹ׷Ҹһ
ȴֲףںһ
ǲΪһ˶ΪԼ
⻭ױҲ̫ÿ˰ɣʱһҪѧѧλױôĻױַǵһμ
˼˵ġ
ľû뵽Էָֻ΢ɲģĶܹò츲صķת
ǳǳ̾һֿ¶ȻȻЦ⡣
ֻҪϲĻãǲϲĻһҪһô
һķƵֻǽһеĿȫ£ƺǳĬ¸Ӧ֮
ױȻҪ̵ȥ
Ӧţ
޶ûҪȥ׷һ꣬æȴ˹ţһױȻܽظ
Ȼøĵţ·һݻ߹ġ
ҲǼǮȻ۸Щòÿܷܲϵʡ
ѡһɫѡ
ҪҪŻһ񣿡
ɫΪŨص㣬˼ֳصζˮϴˮ̡
һˮ֮ϴӺĺ֮ȴԵòôơ
װλҲǳ
Ǻܷ϶Էʣ׼ֱӵ¡
ôԣ
޵ȻЩҲԴϽĻ֡ԼóһƱ׼
ƹЦǺǵĽӹȻָ
̶ʱҲ⣬ټ˸žӨĹ
ƹûп·ĵطҿ·ãϴմմϲ
˵Ӧġ
ƹҲǵ˵ͷָ˿ط
ޱҲЩᣬǿ⸱ģҲþܾ


448 ˲

ٻᴩ·ĶǵģģЩͷĿѣ˵
СĽȹƿ˴˳
ô
ߵ˵ݣûǸԵøɬ֮˸ĹϸЦš
ûоԼڻһ֮󣬾ͻкܶܶĿԣͷĥһ´˾ֿ˲֮ͬС
ҪÿһܹµĻ
˵Щ֮ԼԴεĵ˵ԼıӣоԼ鼦ʦ
ĸо㲻Ϻá
֮ǰ˵ÿһ仰εӡϣƺڸһȷʽӦζǡ
ĵ˵ͷ
һʱַʽһ䣬ƺǳ˴ҵԤϣȴòϡ
˳ȹԣֻ˼ȹԼһΡоǻѵģĽζᱻء
ĬĬš
º͵ЦЦҲԸһϺжĻᡣ
Ȼһ±ȫ»ϲ
ҡҷȹ˳ȥ
̾󣬷ȫµģͬһĨЦݣһݾҲκε㺡
ǸʵֻʵôŵģΪκθ׺ɣı仯
ʱջύһϡ
ڴ֮䣬нţһڣ˳ʱٶȵĻصϡ
еһһ̻ʱʱɵҹ֮С
˵ϲһЩĻ̿һģҲ˵ϲʲôЩʲô͸Ͻȥȹʱ¾ûˡ
ĵ˵ͷⶫĿҡҷ
ЩµװƷһһעЩװƷ·ǸԼһĨο֮顣
ϲͺãϲͶһ㡣
̻֪׽һеķǹ
ϲʲôȥʲôȥԼھӦðеıʹʧ֮ԺԼϲˡ
ʱнţûκεķҲûκεĳĬ
ޱ˼Ŀ⣬Ϊ治΢ĻͣҸȴûгãһֻԴϤٶȰɽˮӳ
㡭
̱͵̾һ
̷ĲԾҲֱӺϵķ΢ҡҡͷ
ϲ
ǻûиʲô飬ôĲۣ˼У⻹µ顣
ҲϽĸһ˼ҪپһС֮ϡ
ѡָ֮ͣ޿κε̾Ϣһ
ҪЩСѵһжúõ㿴Ѿ֮ǰȻͬˡ
ÿһ仰ǡô˵ϣԸΪЩԷ̫Ӱ죬ٵġ
ڵ״̬ʵ̫֧뷨
̿ĿվԱߵӣϺɫûκεı仯
ȴ˱仯
ƺǳԼĻв԰Ρ
޷ǸˣǸ˵Ĵڣһеʹ඼಻ԡ
ǳĬֽһеȫĵǳ֮Уû֪Ӧȥ
߰ɡ
õĽ취ǽһȫıĤ˺²µĲ˲ΪĹߣһֽųĬĹ
޻еԵ̧ͷŸոѡõķɿ֣û뵽Աߵһȴɳơ
ޣ
˻Ĭ
ֻǾְߵ˵м䣬æֵߵѹֲ֮Ϊ̧ͷһԴĳ˵˭ʶ㣿
һ˵ʱ˵κεĻʵĸ飬ĵţƺһгΪ˳ĬƷ
һһЩʲô飬˵һΪĹȥʹ𣿡
һƺڳԼ΢Цģҡҡͷû뵽ѾĽıԹ˵
Ӧö֣ɵֳԼԡ
Ըȥναİ飬ҲԸȥŹȥĺ¥ֻǾ


449 

һҶŵģһ뷨ʼռȻ˵Ļ翴㾿ҪЩʲô飿
һܹ񼫾߹ЩĿ࣬š
ŷԶδԷ˵ĮĿԼ͹ȥ췭ظı仯
죬侲Ů˵ħ
޶֮ǰ鶼ᡣ
˼˫Ҫʱ̸ϽĴ֡
ôֱԴУҪʲô飬ֱˡ
˵ӵࡣ
һģƵЦЦʲô飬ΪĶԼļظ̾һ䣺ΪӣǾͲǸ𣿡
У
ŷԶûʶʲôУʶľЩ̫Ծ˵ı飬Ҳʿ϶ʲôôʡ
ûҪ𡣡
޵ɫͬ˪һ䵭ҲԸκεľһ˲䣬Ǳˡ
ŷԶ޴ĵ˵Լı
ʱ䣬Ҳ뷨
̵ݵλ룬Ǹûʵȹôһ룬ǸǮŮˡ
һ뵽иǮƣ̵ЦЦ
֮ǰ鶼ᣬһҪҺúýͰ
᣿ЦЦڳˮ˶ںΧۣɶ档
ȻĻбүúõĽͽ͡
ĬĬţҪǸϹĻԼ϶Ҫ
У
аԵһ֮󣬱ǣָɾ뿪Ƿ֮أɲϣŹǣ
޵Ҳкܴҵ²š
ֱص˸ۡУԱƵĺһڲˮ΢ƽ
뿴ģѵõľЩ֡
ʲôԸˣ˽ⲻˣҪĺͱ˶ˣӲӲ˭ֺãҲ̫⣬ǿŶѵõ¶ִߵı飬Щã
Ƿʲô飬ô⸱ģǲ˭۸ˣ
ûû˳ıӵ۸ǡ̴޹ģСһĿŽ
ﶼˣҲں⡣
˵˵˭Ȼôı£۸
벻ɵЩգɵǵĿʼͶ򶫷޵ġ
ΨһĴ֮֮ǰҲģˡ
巢ʲô飬Ҳȥʡ
үҸ㣬Ĳ֪жô֣жô󣬾Ȼ˵ʲôȥ鶼һ˭ôѽ
ĬĬ²һ䣬ȻЩǵ˼·ǳϵһ£ʲôûйϵһжǵ⣬ֻŮд
ԼϣҲǱ˵⣬Ҳ֮
뿴һݽģεĵ˵üġ
޻һ仰û˵ôǳըҩһģ˵ʮ仰Լ˵Ķࡣ
ȻڵգҲֺǺǵָҲν
鵽ֵزӦ˵Щʲôأ
ѵõЩΡ
ûµģѾҪ˵Ļ˵ˡ
Ϊᡣ
Ѿ˵ˣбµĻүֻҪб¸Ļҿ϶Ҳű
˵ֱ׳ŶԷôı£Ȼ飬û뵽ȫ͹˶Է޳ܵĳ̶ȡ
ŷԶ˹Щսľڽ֮£֪̾Ȼ
Ҳ˵ģ˹ϵҲ˵Ͷ޿϶ǳ
ŷԶܿľܰĴ
ûбеô⣬Ȼò׵Ŀȡ˹»ǲûߵ̫Զ
ȻӳɻˣֻȢһͨĴС㣬㲻ԺգҲﲻæ˵Ҳã˵Ҳ
ҵĿϤӰʱ򣬱ԼĻˡ
ŷԶǰ̴ø򵥵Ľİ취öԷͶ
֪ôСĳһĻ϶˵ѱֱӵĴſ£Ͼˡ
ѽн
һ
ǲһеģ
̾ӸµĿţѸոһ֮ԵòһˡͷǴҲҳ֪ʲô顣
ҺҲһȥɡ
˼˵ţȻҲԸ˹ĲЩ֮ϡ
Ҳ̫ģĵʵǡ
ĶԷɶһɶˣǽһжһˡ


450 һ

Ҹһȥɣĺˣô뷨ǳġ
Ѹٵķһ״
ҪȥԼĵ뷨ݵԣȷĴ𰸡
һ뵽۵ļһĨЦݣݲȵӦ˹ȥ
̿⸱ģĵ˵ͷ
ͬǽס֡
ǲòϣǵĿҲ˸š
ɡ
ڵſڵʱΪشƫƫͻֵΪԭһƬֻдɫĵƮš
һλӾ͹
벻֪һ̫˻һϤ
ŷԶ
ŷԶҲʱԤϵԼᱻ䡣ȻЩԤ֮еģΪĻǶԷĿ⡣
һжɢ
еҪãȻ֪룬һֱ˵
Ǹ˵ʲôԶԵĿ꣬Ҳֲӷӣġ
Į˵ȻĻҲûʲôĵˣҵʱǵ֮ǰʱεͶ˼ϵֻһ֥Сٶѡ
߰Įʵÿһ仰˵ġ
ɫûκεĲ𣬺֮ǰȱøӹ
ԼһжˣҪᣬҪԥҪȥɽˡ
ʵһжֻǸᣬܲ˵ܲң
ͼ߶Էһ𰸣ϣܹͨԼ΢ͬ顣
ŷԶֳ˱ʹģҵһ
ȥ϶ܹԷͬġ
̿⸱ģ޿κεЦЦ
˵ĻĻô粻˵ôʱ䣬˵ıʹıˣ㲢ûн͡
б²һ£ܰһжܹ˳µĽĻ
̾Եʲõĳǰߡ
ֶӦʧ
ŷԶĿⱯ׳ĵͷɥ֮Ȯһ
סؿڡ
ģһжԭģӵĻǾԲȢǸŮ˵ģ޶˵ţֻǸ緢أڱһִ󸹱ӡ
жٵȲùܣҪڷ츲صı仯ܹñ˿ѾĲӵġ
һΪЩ𣿲Բ᣿ԲЩġ
Ỻ͵ضӣڹϲڽŵµˡ
ȴѵõĸֳĿ⣬ûκεĹϵڿԷڳԱģ
ŷԶû뵽ԷôԴǵľܾԼûκεԥǺҭ
֪ҶԲ㣬ͷϴȷк֮ܶ
ޣ
ͳѸٰһбʹصʵĲ֮ϣбüͷŶԷ
ƺҲڶЦŵģһԹ˹ƣࡣ
ڼȵҹɫ֮УԵøӵԣоһƺʵʵĴŷԶϡ
ƽ޳֮ˣǵһοôѵõ޳֮ͽ˴۽硣
˼˵ûκεĻΪڵնøӸ߿
ŷԶֹһ仰˵ôȥЭ·߱ˣֻԼʵȫ
˶ڵȴŶ޵ĶԷҲûԼʧ
ҪһЩԭ¶Էľٶ»ø˺ġ
׶ԷԼкܶڴͬʱҲԸ⹼̶Ŀ
ȥ˾ǹȥˡ
˵ĻҲдȷвѵĿԵĻôáңַ
ûκεķͼԼϵһԼʲô顣
ˣԸΪԼİ鿹ܣҪŶЩ̫ᡣ
ž
޶˵ֱһһϣܵЩĿС
пУü
ɵúã
̼ԼһҶԷڴе·֮˳
߰ɡ
޻ع鵽֮ǰıɽŮ֣Щˡ
ŷԶЩ鴤ղŵһƿʵʵĴԼϣ۵Ŀġ
ⱲӿǴûܹĿ࣬ǴһƵŮˣǰİĽŮˡ
úΪ顣
̵˵ԼıĺŸ衣
Ҳʱżһݼᶨģ


451 Ǿޱĳ

һ䡣
û˻ںŷԶô룬ʹºڷߵĽϵʱ򣬲Щºʹࡣ
ⱲӾûܹôʹࡣ
ŷԶԼգոձһƵĵطһȦһȦ
ǾڴʱһλصŮ˹
ǾޱӣֲѶΪ֮Ҫ
ŷԶ־ȵ񷴸
ܹܵǾݵ飬ԼϷĴˣһּʹĸо
֪λҪЩʲô
ĻϲĿһλͻȻֵŮӣǣǾޱԴ
ҪЩʲô
ŶԷþóĬĲ˵ԼǺ֪ĺҲŮҪԼ֣־ԼӢòʧϽԼס
㲻Ҫô飬ҵֻΪǶнˣüֵ
ĵ֮УŵĮβţһķ绪
ǾޱʵԼ뷨ҲܶԷıֱ֣ӵĴ֮ľ롣
ӦôͻȽϺã
Ǿޱʹһ䣬ԴŷԶŮ˾ʲô·ͬ˴̵õ廨Զ۶ɡ
̾һ
Ҳ֪Ӧôλǿ𣿡
ǷЦһȻֱӵס֡
ǾޱĮһֱۣԼԽԶԽá
㲻ĻȰԶһ㣬ĻԽԽãҿ㾿ô
һĨЦݣȻֻܹͨĻȡ
ŷԶʱ䲻ôķ쬵ģƤðˣϽĺһ
黹ʲô㲻ĻɹһԣʱҲԲ˶ߣô
޵΢Цǡôܸоһֲĸо
ŷԶԼĴ࣬Ҳ֪ԼûκεĽͷ
ѵܹ𣿡
ʱˣԼ֪һû·ĵ·
ҹɫĹԣɢ
˲ѾĿˣҪ̫ȵչԼ
ѾܹԼűԼļ
ǳǳЦЦԸѽŸ߸û뵽ֱӵѯʳ
ǲǸ
˲ҧгݵ˵š
ŷԶ
УеĻĽһܹҵһͺĶ󣬶ΪҪҪġ
һ뵽ͷɶϾ
ŷԶҲ֪֮ǰԼʲôԻҩˣĶûκεĵֿ
ô֪飿
˲ΪĻԼļ¶ͿĿУֳ̾һβʧĳĬһ
ҲҪС̫ΪˣȻĻǲЩġ
˵ĳһͬµĹ
㾿ںЩʲô飿µԼΪ˵ĻʵûôҪ
ΪʲôһѾûκδڸеˣܶεԼĽ±ʹᡣ
ЩȫȻĲҪ
ŷԶΪľЩɽˣһһεԼĽ㱯ʹ
㾿Ǵ֪Щ飿
Դŵ̧ϸŤתһйâƮɢ
ƺΪ˳Ĭֱ׳Ĺȵס
޶ƽϣҲ޿κε۽ǡ
ѾȥˣҲҪΪ̫⣬һжõķչġֻҪҾͺá
⻰ͷʹ
˲ԼӦץסᣬŸղŷʱȥǸһ١
ѾˣȻòţʵҲٺκεĹϸ;
꾡ûκеĵ߸ȴͬһ¡
ʱ
˲ԼĽˣǸֶýжȣΪ뱯˺ãŮֻˡ
ֻǣĵ˵ͷ档
ϣ㲻Ҫǽյ飬ܵܵģĲϣٿٱʹΪĺֵܲá
ŷԶõģܹԼĽ
ֱ˼ʮ֮һȫòʹ𰸵һ֡
һ뵽Щͷɥ
ļСĽҩͿĨϣƾīɫĺۼһĸ˰̡
ǲǾе㲻
ͻȻˡ
˲Ķγ˼ķȡ
ɵôӦң㶼صޣǸ˵ĹˡȻĻͲͿҩˡ


452 

ĵɨһеĶͱˣҽһȫķڹ֮ҪӰö⾰
˲ɵòĿĴС
յ˸ֻʱ䲢ûеôףǡʱصеص㡣
ױƷѾһգһ£ĳ̶ֳϣ֤Գʵʱܹڸг
ڶ㲻Ҫһ㣬ǣоôг֮һ˵ɺӵһ㡣
ڵĹȺĻٵϲЩĶǾøȵĶͻױƷܵߵϲ
̺˶һ˱ŷ֣ԭڹҲкܴı仯
ԽԽݻױһУΪЩųԣʽǺһΡ
ԣ̿ʼЩʱȴû뵽һϲѶЩͻȻ
ϢģԤףУǰ
ôˣ
̻֪Աˣ˭Щģգգ۾û뵽ԷἰʱĳЩš
ô
ˣѵЩ𣿡һЩ֣и̾һȻоСѾͷлЩ
ֻû뵽ûдκεк͹ˣЩ
ҲЩͷۣҲ˵ûдκεк͹Լٵ˲ٵľš
޺Ͷ˲ҲסүүûжĿͷλˡ
㿴һΪѵģǳǳ¶һĨЦݣȻ鲢ûйִš
ʵǰһҲΪʲô飬ֻ˵һֱڻױо
һ˫֮УѵõĴŻֵϢϸŤתţķϡ
ͬīˮɢ˼ľ֮С
ʱ䣬Ҳ֪Ӧôܹ·磬ãȻ޴ࡣ
ܾûеô򵥣ԷĿԽתԽúһϡ
ЩҲҪ˵ЩʲôҲ״𰸵ģ糤˵
ԭȵĴԼؿͳһ鱦ʯ
ʯ˸ŷ˸֮£ȴ֪ⶫʲôоӦǵһμ棬ȴܹܵϤС
Ȼ˵Ļһ˫һ˲ŷǵ˸ǹ⻪Ťתκ˶Ҫץסص㡣
ûпһ鱦ʯ˵ʲô֪ʲô֪Ÿɳ֮
׿𡣡
дЩУΪڼУһֲõԤС
ΪʲôҪûмǴĻӦûкܶ࡭
˵ʲôǾʵ̫һ㡣
ܵԷľ裬ȴ޿κε̾һֱӵİѱʯ
ͶԷûйϵΪ֪ǰ鱦ʯԹԵĽ˵Ļ»иڵȴԼĬһʱ޿κΣ㺣һֱߡ
̴̾һҲûٶ˵Щʲô
Ӧүүţ鱦ʯЩ졣
ЩȻ֪鱦ʯζʲôζһļҲѾ֮ˡ
ֻ벻ͨƾʲôƾʲôܹõһС
ı˳һνģĿһ
°ɣʵ˵ʲôҪǿЦġƤЦⲻЦЩӲ
ⱦʯһѲֿԿףǧƵļҲЩɵйĶȫĶ͸̣
ƾʲô
һ·޲ðһ鱦ʯ飬зĸԼɴ߲СڣһҪ̣ΪֻӲܹջΡ
ԼԼͿ԰
үүΪʲôҪ͸үү֮ǰôá̲ǾʳѰ׻˵úã޹»Լûнⱦʯɸ˵
һҲֻ֪Ϊ˲ҪĻԴʱ˳һˣȻ󡭡
ȻЩԥò˵ࡣ
İ˫ճһȭͷ
֪ˣ鷳үүǶлˡ
̴ݲȵĽ£Ȼ̧ͷܹԷɫܺãĿⵣǵʵǲЩ;ģﲻĻ͸Ͻ˵һܹ㿴ǲ⡣


453 

ܵԶԷλεĵǵߣȴûиоԼжȱۡ
ܲκůĵľٶöԷǼʵڸԼңԶ˵ֻҡҡͷ˸ɡ
Ȼʱ仹Ҫﶺһʱ䣬ÿ춼Ҫæȥֿ͵ȻæŰ˵һ
ļһĨƣЦݡ
Ǹ͵úúϢҲˡ
һ˵ţһ߱ǰ͵ſڡ
ոպ³һ棬ԷĿⶼǱ˴˵ľһ
˼ûܹڴ˿̿Է΢üĿ
̾ڵ״Щ̫ԾæԵļ˵Ҵ㶫˵ʱҪæȥ˶ԲֿĻæתҾͰ͹ȥ
֪Է϶Լɻѿ¶˽׵ݣηʼ˵˶Է֮󣬲Ż˵
͵ҵͺã·Լߣڡ
̻˻֣Ŀ뿪
뿴ԼСһģ˵Ķͷĳ˵ġ
ҸоЩǣǿСΪϡ
Ϊ֮˸ãɫʣƺΪɡ
ôˣһҲֻүүĶ˵ʲôԿףȻ֪Կ׵
գԼˮĴ۾ŶԷܹ۲쵽ԷϢȻ
ѵֿʼԴˣүǴ̳еĴ̳ӣȻҸĴ׶ԡ
˵Ӧ
ЦǺǵģڵԻ顣
˻ȥ
˸˵ֶ˵ˣҲôһˣ˼ǸʵĴˡ
ĵ˵ͷӣûô򵥣ڻϵ״罭ÿ¡
̶ûҪЩʲô
ͷϸ˼һյ⣬ĻҲûʲô⣬ܹ˼Ķеѡ
Ҫ⣬ҪͻƣͼĲͷ
ͬ˳Ĭ֮У뵽Ǽλ͵ܵܣ϶Ҫڴʱķһ
Ҫ˭ܹȵҵˣûϲĶ
ûرϲĶ
ϸ룬֢ҩҲһ¡
ϲˮīɽˮξϲһЩ˼˰죬ļ֮ˡ
ǵԼĸʿ࣬ĶһЩɽˮ㾫СɵĶ
ǵǰ̫ܻЩ˵̫СˣϲĶŮ
⡭
̲òܾĿתֹͬʱҲﵽ˼㡣
Ȼ֪ڻϲЩʲô֪ϲ¿ɰֱµĶҲĴȥЩɡ
ҿɲ֪Ӧô죬Ȼү˵ĺнֵ
̲ǿ϶Է뷨̧ͷ
ͬ⻰Ҳ뷨
ҪĿ֮ЩǷ˼ɻ䣬һ̫뷨ͺܻԼ̹һ㡣
үûʲô뷨
ƽʱĻҿ϶ȥһЩɽˮǽͬա
еĻǿ϶뷽跨ҪһЩö
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454 òĴ

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ЩûֺûʵǣɶԱߵһֱأ˵Ļ¾Ҫ˷۱
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˵ĸٿһıʹ飬ǲòһУΪţ


455 

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йĪаͻȻ飬ܿĵԼ̬⣬ֻǰЩ֮󣬱ʧԼĺۼ
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456 Ҫ

ķ绹
쬵֮дЩʹࡣ
ǳǳ̾һû϶κεľᣬ·ΪĳĬ
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Ů֮л赭дıˣϸһֲ֪ö˵ЩʲôЩΣգԼ˫ۣԸ϶κεľᣬΪʱ˿̣ˣҲͷۡ
ܷܷһС죬ѵõĽ˶ԷȵĿ⣬ֻҲ֪ӦôȽϺá
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ү϶һܰԵˣһӹɣһʱֲܹͬѰϸڡܷܷ۾ػһֲòһ͵ˣүһЩСϸڷ棬ӦģʲôϸòòӦ
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֮ǰԵ侲ƽȵģûйϤ˶֪Զƽ֮£ͬʱ
С˹ȥһֻ͵ȵСèһϣֱӵ˦˼գԼֿɰĴ۾
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457 Զ

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458 

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459 ֮

о仰һֱ˵ĺãκε鶼һβĸ飬۸ӵĿȥġ
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׶˯ۡ͵͵Ҵǣǳ̾ƽĳɢ
ҹȻʧߵĶȹȥ
ֱȻЩ̵ĲɢĹ⻷
Щ˶ܺÿ
ɫζȫҺȻǶԷԵоǵϲĲȣصƳĲȣʲôأ

Ĳ˺ܺóԣǣ֪Է˼
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Īаһγ֮ǰÿһγִͬǳֵǸõӰһǺ¥ɵõ
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ԴҲԼ뷨Ỻ͵Ĵݶȴ䱳ɬֹȴһ˲идüü
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Īа׿˶Է뷨Ƶ΢Цǡô˶ֻŶԷ߽ĽƣʹӰ졣
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ĪаһһεĶĹȻȥڻһζԾ֮УȻҲκεȨ
ֻܹһһεĶŹ
΢΢ĲӶ˶һ֮ĪаץסĻᣬֻһӲϸµĻߡ
˶ܵʱ򣬱ķУֱӵͶȥ

Įûκεиļթģ΢ɲģ̾һ
ıµĻȰ㻹ҪȥϢɡ
䵭Ļ֮ȴ뷨һһεĽķֻΪܹͶеע
ȵԷΪ˸ĽøĿתʱ򣬱ʵķԼЧʱ
ͷβĿĶȷ
̡
Ŀ꣬Ҫһα֮зֳκεʤֻð˳Ĵȥ㹻ˣֻĿҲйϵĴ𰸡
ԣץסһһεĻᣬȻĪа΢иʱһѳ߾ֹĻ˲񷣬ɽֱӵ˳ƶ켣Է
ƺ䵭Ļ߼Ʋա
ܹܵһΣյϢ
Īаһû뵽Լ˵ľٶӮ˶Էһһ಻ϹȨ
Ķֻ֣ܹÿζʼȹ
ѾԤĶԲߡĪаȴԼѾˣ֮ǰѾͬˮһ֤һС
ͬץסס̵ֱۡ
˵ֱӵİԼĻѸٵĺͶԷԶ˾롣
Ůڳ˯ţɫûκεı仯·ΪĪĺ
Īаҧгݵ⸱ģܲζ
֮ǰʱҲӲڱǰˡ
ѵõĳ졣


461 

̱ĴԺ
ȴûκεиȻܹ׶ԷĲĵȻǶҩʼ˺ơ
˳˯֮벻֪ν
оԼ˯˹ȥֵһ
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ܵѹֵĸоһһĺ֡
ϸ΢ʹŮӵ
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ﶼ޷ͬ𰸣ԼĸӦûö˶˵̫ʦ棬ġ
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ڶشԼԼԼϽ뿪
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462 η

ˡ
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˵˵Ҳѣ˵ҲѣҪֳԼרĶԴֲô裬ʵЩΪѡ
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463 

˱ֵĽ֮ϸĴţȻ֪ӦЩʲôǸȷģǽͷ֮УвٵľװεƷ
ĶҲÿصͷЩĵֻϡ
һ˵һԵƹͺҵĿʼкǡ
ĿбӣϸİĿ׼űܹһˮī
еҪˮīȻһµζֶһЩµŵʡ

ϸĶһԺɫΪˮīȴ⻭˼īɫǹ⡣
⻭Ĳá
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޵ɴ˫ۣȻ˵֮ǰԹԹѾɢˣҲȥָ𣬵ǲζţܹ׵Ľ
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Żŵ˹˲Լͷϵĺû뵽黹ǣô

ЦЦùµ磬ڳ͢Ȼûʲô̫Ҳվӵˡ
βҲʺְλᵣǷдӡ
̲Եգգ۾䲻λ˭ܹ֮תĹ󣬺Ƕи
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464 ͽˣ

ĽеҪ졣
̻صϵʱ򣬳Ƶ̾һ
Ϊǿ϶ҪץסôģڿҲȻ
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ĺûκεĹϵ𣿡
޹ҡҡͷ
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ΨһľæµƺʱѾ̵ľ㡣
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465 һƳ

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ĺܼѣͬʱҲ֪
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ŮܹһֵĽӴЩȣҲܹѸٵķЩǲǱ˶ֽţôĵӵĻ
԰ʥӹһ٣Լջѣɵȴ޵Ŀһֱض
ĿⲢ˴κε֮Уľս
ҡҷĺֱӵĲ׽˶Է֮󣬹һĨǳЦЦˣȴһֲľ
ֶͬԷһ
ǲһ㲻
Ѿǡ뷨֮󣬱װһãȻ޴ӣͬʱҲڶĶԷ᲻ֱӵĴ˵Ļ͵ٴλϾ㡣
Ըˡ
ܹŶԷߣҡҡͷϣԷܹԼ˼һ֮ԵҲ˲ôֻܹ࣬һ
Ҳûô򵥣˺׼ֻĿ⣬ĿƵĻ϶˵ΣĿ⣬һˣӲйı˸ʵĻ
һûʲôġ
Ĵ𰸿ЩЦֵĵȷȷߡ
ֱͶķжϣһһİӡ
ˣ˼һĨ϶΢Ц֮ͷҲص뿪
ʹ档
Ѧ֦չװһͭеԼԽ˵ģؼһĨЦ
ԼĴͿɫʣȻͭһԲˡ
쳺㵽ڻԹ𣿡
һһεҪ룬ȻԷȻ˪Ը̫ھᣬ˶Էɫܱʲôá
쳺һ仰ûж˵
Ӧȥ˵Щʲôôߣ㻹ܹڴÿ𣿡
ǰһж˸
쳺֮ǰɥʧԼжܶŸָء
Ѧͷβֻп޵Ʒѡ
Ҫõ̫λӱҪʧȥܶ࣬飬ԼܹӦʧȥΪԼĸ
ĬĬţʱ˿̣ȴûܹһȷĴ𰸡
ƺҲˣһֱԱ⡣
ѦȻԼǷߺ޵޵ԼƺҪԼԳ󻼡
赭дؽһֻķԼķԱߣȻ¶һĨЦݡ
СҲҪ̫壬Ժܻ׵ģĸ׶һжΪİ
һûʵĽںɣ쳺һĨɬЦݣĽճȭ
Щûк·ǵļţ̧ͷϸĵ˼ĵĻȡ
ЩС̴ҵͷϣȰ㻹ʡİɡ
Ļ֦չѾһֻҫĿȸΪʲôҪʢװУ
˶ס
ѦԼҶЦݣνʶļ
ʲôӡ


466 ¹

ΰų׳β֮ʱһб㷢˷츲صı仯
žĴӾǵһͷȼţһͷô׳ĻֻΪ˸һף
ϡ
û˿ԺĳӰ졣
ĵ֮£ҲԲʢٵķչ
һߴĿбӴţڹڵϿͷΪףŵٹǣѵõĸֳĻȡ
ܺá
ڻʺѾں֮У谮ĹѦѦӦԡ
ǽմŵĳҲûгĳ߶ȣȴ޼ɵԼķ֮׹Ÿʽıʯ
չԼķ绪ҪΪʺıȻġ
̫⸱ģˬǽǻϵĴϲ֮գȻ֪˵ЩʲôܹһѸٵĸı䡣
ֻܹԼɬİЩȫȥԼá
̺λϺܽͬʱҲܷڳ˵ɫͬ
ϺܵĸȾ˶Ϸ
̫΢ʣÿһξƱʱ򣬶Ż˵Щʲô
ֲϵɫĸı便Ǻǻ̫Ķûκεų⣬ǰ̫Щȥġ
ԱߵѦȴķΧϲµģϲ࣬ûеʺĶ㣬ͬһУǺ̫ˡ
ΪԹȺڵ̣ȻǶЩϲּˣҵŮǲӣ˵ⷹһ㶼㡣
Щ˻ûүԼĺãϻظˣҪүҹ
ץסֱӵͼҪҹ
ĸ˸ĳ૳ĵ˵ͷ
쳺гһĻ۵ףҵĲš
ΪʲôΪʲôܹվߵˣңΪʲôҲܹĳ
εļεĶʼɣվΪһС
쳺벻ͨԼˣһ˫˵ȣܵЦ
ĵţַ֡
΢ĲԾ

ҵһͬʲôѸٵڳ˵עҷ׷׳߱ߵķ򿴹ȥ
Z˵ǰ
Żʺɢ𽥵˥ܣ˻ῴZ
̶ʱһֲ̫õԤС
ô߻ħˣɫܲԾӡ÷ڡ
̷һЩǵס˶Է䡣º͵ļ
£һֱߣġ
үûô򵥣ɫĺܲԾǱ˴̼ˡ
Ȼ̫ΡΡĹڵء
룬ǴϲӣȻ˵ʺݱİ£Ӱڻϵ飬ǣZֵģ̫롣
ĸϵˡ
˭û뵽ö˶˵ϲܹͻȻıɥ¡
Ҳֱ̼ܲغһ¾εˡ
̫ҽ
Ѧٻ֡
̫ʵ̫ˣ粻ոտʱ㡣
Zŭǰڴæȹƣû˹·ܵʲô̼һ
ֻͬʬһĴԼ߻˹ȥȻĿⱯе˵ĸˡ
ԭһ·߶ʣǸ˺ܴ𺳡
Ѹٵķڵ㡣
Ϊʲô̫ǲų֣ûסֱӵĴ̨´˹
ۼ̨һСż̨ܹͨбݵ޷лģǹ˵Ĵ⡣
̸տʱ򶼾ﲻѣ˼ĿȷӭתZϡ
ΪеŮ֮һҲǷĲԾĵطЩŵ̧ͷ
Ѧ̧һָָҪæ
ûϵĻᣬǰѻϣϽĳȥվڵһ߱Żϡ
̫ҽĺܿ졣
ʱ̫Ϊǰһἴ
̾Ͼ׼ĺûлͳȥȴԼ˸ֵ顣
ûô򵥣Ļʹ˻ʺͽ̫ӵĹ
˿ǺŵģǺϲͬһ췢Ұ΢һЩĻ
ܶ˶˵Էҳϡ
ͷ˻ϵϡ˵Ʒвˣʤλλ
ĻҲģһֱҪ䣬һֱҪ취ҲֻΪˡ
һ˵һ̧ͷǻƲӲӵλͻȻҲ˼
λħܹűǰͺ̵Ĺȥأ


467 

ε̫ͻȻ
̫һλᣬץסص㡣
һжƿ֮£ѻҵĹŮá
΢ɲ̾һû̫Ľʽ
ǣҲм򵥵뷨
ȹȥҲŻʺϵɱ
ǿ϶ʵ̫ɻˡ̫ˣʺ˼ĻҲý乬ϲ֮գˡ
ĵ˵ͷ˵ĺе
֮ǰļ䣬ȷˡ
У·ͻȻҸʱҲ̫š
ֹ֮У赭дͣгˡ
Ҳϣ乬Դϻػʺ֮󣬾乬
乬һƬưߣ֩˥ͷĿ¡
ðͷϸĴһʺʬѾڱĵذ֮ϣΨаײ赭дĸͷ­֮ϡ
ͷ۵Ļ겻ɢˡ
Zһ޵ĿⷴŤתš
յ˶Է֮ԵѵõЩ£䡣
Ҳ֪Ӧôȥ˵ֻ̫ӵıܲԾ
ʱ̫ӱϵѾΪ϶Ĵˣɺ̫ӱ˲֪顣
ЩЩǣΪֱӵرߡ
ͷ̧֡
⡣
Ķϣģ⼸죬Ҳ⡣
ԷѾȷ飬ص˵ͷ֮΢Ĵã
ZΪЩĮĿ
Ƕ֡
һһĮڴڵĴ֮ҪԸ⽫Լ˵Ŀµʺϡ
ûʲô⣬ʺ̫ͻȻˣҵ˹Ϊ֮ı˻ʺȻαװɱ
̴ݲȵķţҿŰڲԱߵǣŮѾ߷Ϊϴ󵨵ĶãΪ⡣
һеá
ĬĬ˵仰Ȼȿʬ壬˺ǰɫ¡
ZľٶҪˣһжһֳ裬Ӳľĸס
ôܹ
޿κεգԼ赭дĿһۡ
ʲô𣿡
̵˵֣Ȼ̧⣬ϸϸĴһĻûκε˿ڡ
ȴ巭˸ʱ򣬿ڻʺʬĺ󱳴һѪɫİߵ㡣
ZķңΪЩ³Ķܡ
һźʬ塣ͬʨһ㣬ڿŭ𡣷ŭЮᡣ
뿴ĲԾæĳǰֱӵסҪ˵֡
侲һ㣬ַ¡
ZѾ˼㣬ڵÿһڴ̼񾭣ôַܰ¡
ǲҪվ˵ۡ
Ǳ˼㣬ҧгݵŶԷѾһ֮ѡ
⸱ģº͵ҡҡͷ
ʲôãֱӵıʲôסҵĶѵܹʲô𣿲ʲô鶼ˣҪ֪һеֻǲܹ
ˣֻǺZ
쳺̬ʵҲˣǲϣпǾ֡
Ѿ˻ʺһĺۼ֮һ˺ۣϣܹ侲һ㣬ҪҪʺԩѩĻ͸ϽץסᣬҲΨһܹõĻˡ
ÿһֶŵúܽϣԷ侲ҪһͬȻҲ߰ϢһǶԷʶ̧ӵĻԻԷùӳԵġ
Z̧ͷƺǲţʵͷǰҲţοѾûκε·ˣ˵
֮һĮϢŵϢûзŹǡûж˵ʲôνһ׮ӡ
һķţֶԷͬ⣬ɫɶƺҲĿһ֮ϣ΢иһҪǲʶ̧ٵĻԼ鷳ڼ˺ò׽עȫķ˿֮ϡ
žкĿԡ
ͬ˳һ˲ƹȥܹļǣһۼ
̫Ӵ󣬵Ҳֻǻ֣ᷢҲûеӣȻҰѻʺʬǵĸɸɾ
ϸĶһȱڡ
Ӧ֮ĶɵġҲ£öذ˻ԻɱȻαϵӣѹʱΣĿ
˳ķһ֮ĬĬ˵һ䣬߰Ϣ
̾һ


468 ת

Zõ࣬ܵκε⣬Ϊ뷨ˣһ֮赭дسţº͡
Ƕ֣صĸо
лл
ZԼͶ·ˣûа취ûкۼΨһĽʽǰˡ
ľһ
֪̫ӵĵλ˶ʲôǣǡ
Zһ˵ļƺԸΪԼ̫ã
̴ֱ̾һ
ûô򵥵ġ
²ʥּһУԶǵԤϡ
Ǿǻĵһʥּ
ûܹ档
ZƲ֣ںǵķ֮Уò׾Լ𽥵ʶ࣬ںǺݺݵĸһƣԼһж
ΪʲôҪ룿á
ʹ޵žеԼһһεŻϣϣܹͨԼеıʹȻ
һ㡣
Ѿ̫ˣ˶̫ӵλû
ؿ¶Ĵԣ¶һĨĮЦݡ
𣿡
赭дѯţȻһѾƵֽŶ˳ȥ
û⡣
ǡƸ̾Ŀתɪһźɫ֮УƺɢĺӰ˵ķ϶ǽϣʵĽһ
ZԼԼ˸ӣȻԼȥ
¶һĨ΢Ц⸱ģ̧üͷϸĶһһʱã˵Щ̫˼ˡ
üλŮǰ෹̸˵ȥɣҪҸ֪ץסʱ㣬ø׶ĺöӾҪЩʲô
Ķƾһһ
Z֮ǰε̫ӵλã֪ʲôӦãʲô鲻ܹ˵̫ӣϵٹ⣬ÿ˶Ҫá
ΪĽĿ˵ͷ
ZعһĨ΢ЦȴģܹZ治Ȼ˵ģҲ¶һĨ΢Ц֪Ǹʱ˶á
ںò׵ĵȵˣ벻Ҫϣ˰ɡ
Z乬Ϣʱ䲢ǺܳȴĴÿһˡ
̱ڼƷζĺࡣ
õϢָ˲һ㶡
ôܣ
֮ǰʺݲ˽ᣬѾͷԵˣһٶȷ
ZֱӱץΣΪ治беʵʵ
סһ˫ִ֣Լ棬ĺһϣܹڵı䡣
Ҫ̫ˡ
ҡҡͷ黹кܶ⣬˵ﲻԾ
үʲô
ʱû˵ס
ϽѯŶԷŶԷֹģǽһ˲ĵ
鲻֪Ψһ֪ľп϶ԨԴұ󵨵Ĳ²һ»ʺ͸ѲĹϵ
ܵѻ˵ί񣬿Ƕһ˫ʱ֪κεĽͶӲģ磬̹һ㣬Ĵ˵øͨ͸峺
Ļ֮ǰͿԵõͣΪʲôʥѵĵһǽʺᣬ϶ǣҲ֪ˣϣʬ𼣡
ĻͰ֮ǰԻѵ֤ݣȫƷоݣκε⡣
ĻǺαӡ
ɬĹһĨЦݡ
˵׼ء
ϣΪ̫˱ˣĸ˵Ķͷ˴˸ο֮󣬰һѵץ˻
Ȼһϻ˵ĺã顣ĻƲֵ˵ţȻܹԵĸܵԷůеĴš
ŮʱôУϲɣǾһж̫ĮˣЩĲŵϢ
Ļһ취ûС
̵һξΣֿɵãܹ³Ḷ́ǲָ֤֤֤֡
ںеĴȫĺˣƷˡ
־صĸ׵Ļ
̲֪ͻȻͬZ
Z¾֪ŻƲ֣Żƿڴɡ
ĶȴΪѹյһݡ
Ծڲ֪ƣţһһεĶķ֮У·ڸű˵ĸ
¡


469 βĺ

ĺأ֮͸¶Щĵǡ
һۡ
Ծ£ȴܹõůĻӵ
̽Ļ˯ˣĳΪõİ
ͬһƬ꣬ͬһƬ˯ͬĸ˴һЩ㺡
޾Լһɬӣƺ˼һξһ֮󣬾Ȼ˺춹Ĺӡ
˼
˵ҲɣͻȻ֮һڻʹ·ˡ
ǲں󹬶תתʱ˸ոպϯ˱ʱӵһεĽӴ
Ļϲ̧ͷ˼һͬʱҲ
ΪʲôôðյĳѵʲôΣ𣿡
Է֮дЩŭ
֪֪ĶΣա
ҧгݵ˵š
Ҳû뵽ԷᷢôĻһ˫峺֮еһɣʱʤ޹üͷ
ҵְڡ̹ϣܹԼ뷨ҲһֱܹԼְڡ
ԷЩĵ˵ͷû뵽ظһ˹Ĵ𰸣һ޿κεĵ˵Լı
Ҵȥ㿴·ˡ
ûкίȫֱ赭дķ˶Է֮󣬱׼ֱӴ뿪
꣬ҡҷš
һ跹˼ģЩᡣ˲Ǻ档
ǲʱԼϲˣȻĻôô
Ͼ˲Щ̫졣
ѵҵһȷеݴݽʱı仯ǲòϡ
̬ȺǷԴһλعԺ;跹˼ġ
֪Щ˭ʱʱĿŴߣȻڵͷԼ֣һһ硣
֮ǰ۵糸γĶԱȡ
ŶʱҲǷ˶˲΢ı飬ǡôĹ֮ϡ
˵ô£
ҲǸѯһ£һŶ룬ȻǷ˶ԷͬѰģղžе˼ϸĴһ־ûô򵥡
Ϊ
￩һ¡һòŷԶйϵɡ
ҸȼĻ
ô£
˲˰֣ȻҲʱ便ʲô飬Ρ
Ҳ֪㾿ʲô顭ĳԼɻҲǰСʾˣֽ֮ǰ֮;겻ģžһ죬ʱʱĿԼɵЦ
⻰ø±ˣûãҸȼ
ŷԶûаëǮĹϵ
Ĵ𰸣ٻЩ̤ʵ˵ŷԶϵĻӵͷۣȻĳ̶ֳϣ²۶Էίȫ
СߵߣһЦЦŮģε̧ƵĻһ¡
ʲôأôԣſԼ˼ģ
Щ̧ͷŶԷ
Ҫˣòá
ްԼЩεЦ˻֮ܿ˶Է뷨ϽѴ
Ҳûжʲôء
аУѾԼҿɲʲôɵӣһͷÿһ鼡ⶼ˵ˡ
˵͡ǣ֮ǶһеģᡣһһвԼһԸأ

Щġ߶ŶԷ֡
̿⸱ģ֪϶ûˡ
ϲ˭
Ժϸһʱһദ֣ҲܹԷϲôԸˣǰ̸
ǣʱûнӴ˭˵ϲĻ
洽͵Цһֻ͵ȵĺ꣬Ȼһۣһһ±ƵĶ˲
˲ûнӴԷ϶Ͳ֪ԼĽһ
һߺЦְԵ˵ţһһߣϸĴһԷ
޶ʱԼЩ
ô
Щ֪ŶԷΪԵøΡ
Ҫ߶Էϲأ˵ģ
ЦЦ¶˳
ޱº΢Цһ£֪ԵЩӲΡ
뷨ġ
˶Է˶Է֮ǰȴżᶨ
֪ô룬᲻ϲҡ
Ȼ˵ŮӵӦ״̬
޹ʼ
ľã֪ôһĻ̾ô۾򵥵ĽʽҲûбҪᣬֱӵĸ


470 

ֱӸ⼸ֱӵĴ˵һʱ֮䲻֪ôģæҡҡ֣ѸٵıԼľܾ֮顣
ôѽԵĸɲһж֪𣿡
æİ˰֣Ѹٵػؾ뷨
Ҫ̫ˣֻǺ˵˵Ҿ⻹ʮпԵģһӶһӶ֪ϲ㡣
ʮһ͵̸ͽһϡ
Ӧôܹ˺˴˵ĸ飬ҲöԷ֪
һĮƶɽӦöֱȽϸȤ
ҾΨһĽ취ǡ
ǻδ䣬һߵСѾ߱ǿǰĶ˵˼仰
˵ܲ٣ܲپ͵
Щεվſڡ
ǲ׼ģڡʹһ˽䲻֪ԼҪ˵ЩʲôȲҪ˻뷨
ɬЦţһĨѸٵϯۣһжһֻ׷С
̺Ͷ˲粢˳
ЩãȻ֪գգԼ۾
֪˹Ϊʲô顣
ͻȻ֪Էһӹ׵Ľڣ˵Լ֮ǰŵģҲ׶Է뷨ô򵥣˸İ˳
޺۵С۵ģԵЩΣŵİһ¶һЦ֮󣬱ߵһߡ
˸壬һʱ֮䣬ͻˡ
ʵɫ֮£һжǱȤһӳ졣
޽촩һҺɫѣҫ
˵Ҫ˵İǺŷԶϢϢصĻžͲҪˡ
оԼ˼Էװף޿κε̾һƵĵ˵ͷ
һԹϱ飬ȥȻ¶ĿУ¹Ҷķ϶֮ĹÿһĹ˵ľĶǡ
һߣĵ˵Ż
Ҳãֻ֮вûгãͿ롣
һ˿ݲȣһݻ𼱻ǡ
ʲô飿
̿һģеѯš
ǡ
ڷڣ¶Σ
ˣǵȥһ˻ʹ
֡δδؽǻ͵˻ʹǸһȴ޶˵Լ
һĬǲ֪ôȥеľ֮С
̫ǵԱߵȴ·һû̵սĻûܹˡ
غ쳺ͬʱĵõһƪϢ
ֻ˵ķӦȻͬǰյһż֮˫־ǰ˦ԱȼˣһţȴŽ֡
ʫСȴ˵κεһ仰
쳺ɫһĮ
Ҫ˵ЩʲôѦһͬ˪һĮΣеʱ쳺ǲǳֹӦô죿
ȻǸʵּĻ϶ȥ͹ˣ飬ļƲ߷Χ֮ڰɡ
ݲȵĻһ·׼ȥһεԼ
ҲģǼͬʱĽ˹ȥ
ɫƺһжҪʵʵ󣬵ȼ޶˵ǳ
֮£ѵõľôһЩ΢Ǽ˶
ʫС
仰˵ĶһЩӣʵȷˣ֮ס˾Ҳ
Ϊɻ
Ƕ˵ͷ߿
ľٶȻ
пǸ˵أǶйΪʲô飿
쳺ĳȴɢ侲Ĺ
Ȼö֪
˵˻֮󣬱ͷҲصߵǰ
νľ󷽡õ֮ͳʼۡ
ǣôᣬҲòȷĴ𰸣˳Ȼһһ
һмͬһ֮ʱûзûκεĻأҲûκε⣬ֻǼ
ͥԺУϻһУܹŵϵľ
ѵһֻ·ͻȻΪϺ𣿡
ʫ޼ɵһ໹û¶ʱȵķԼɻ
Ӧòӡ
ĳŶԷ֪̱ĬؽһȫȻ֪
ͬţҹĻϰԼ˽˹Ϊ˾ƣ
ûбҪҼ̫֮ǰıԣ֪һֻǻϿΪ֮
ɻûʱ磬ݵǽ˼


471  ·

¹һһĴǵӰ֮нţį
ʫĻûеõκεĻش𣬻ϳǼƵҡҡͷֹȴȽĿͶ쳺ϡ
˵˵ΪʲôڶԸѡһŻ°˵һ˵Ǽ˭⣬˭㲻ˣ
쳺ЩΣͷ·ĥŻ
ǻ߶ĻȴһһĴݳ˼һ㣬ϣ飬ҪҶڴ
쳺˵ͷҧŴһԲƺĿ飬ͬʱҲЦ˼
˶ϲʣ
ûйκ˵ڴһһεĮԼ
һжٵģһжǲŵģڴʲôã¾͸˵ˡ
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ô˵ôȥ鶼ǰ϶
ϣ顣ϵûκεԥ֮ǰӵֱӣ֮ڣϣ飬ѡ˭λϵøһŵԵˡ
һ
ʫʱ˵ŴЦЦܵԶԷĮ֮޹ɿ֣Լ͡
̾黹ûô򵥣˼Żϵ֮ʱȴû뵽Ǳˡ
ôǳɻôãﻹһ㶯ûУ
⻰˵Щߵĵͷ˭û뵽ϻôֱӡ
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붼Щѵõĳ鴤ŴǣղŻһգȴΪշ˷츲صı仯ڵѾΪһ߻ˣ޿ħ
ʫػûܹѣ˾ͲԸֻƾһ·ֺĿʼĴ߻飬ֻܹĮĵͷ
ȻϿǵòȴЩֻҪֻҪ֦ɢҶڻʼҵĶԹ棬жܹԣĭأ
ʵ޽ǹԲֻΪ˵ЩЩ
Щǵ̾һ֮дΣѵֵزֻ̾
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һøոջͲٵգ˲ıԼͬ˴˵ƺԥţȴҲһʵĴ𰸡
΢΢̧˴ǣûж˵Щʲôȴȵ˵
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̸оЩͷۣʵ϶ǷʲôƷ裬һι̽ԼѾˣһɹʣµļȫ̽һ

̾һ
뻹ûлش⣬Ͼܹ׽ı飬ҡҡͷûж˵ʲô
أ˵ɡ
ȵİѷڶ׼һˡ
ر㵽ҲоϵĻͣȴҪԷ˼û˼·Ҳ޷н⡣
Ϊģ˶һ⣬֪ôͣû⣬Ҳ֪Ӧν
쳺ɫһ䣬ֲʲô¹֮£ϳ˵ͷҲûٶȰѻݽ
ش޵һⶼˣǲǣ
ֺżЦ⣬ֻĿ⻹һ䣬ȵ㵽ʫ
˵ɣء
ʫսľķָָԼЩŵŻϡ
ҪɱһߡҲյˣҪǻشĲþ͵õԴ
Ҫش˼ǣ޸һȨǻش˭ô޶һơ
ʫ֣û־Ľˣܹơ
ǲܹɱġ
ǺУʫ˴𰸡
լʺܹϴĻҲûֵĿգҲ顣
һ飬ƺҪֵչֵ쾡£ÿһ仰壬ʴӡ
̽յԻϵߣ޵Ĵ·ѯš
ôģ
ûĵ˵Լʲô룬ǻϣҪʲôϵأ
Ҳǰ˼·һһεڶαΪ뷨
ܹΪɽ𢣬ΪԼĹףˣȻǴѡ
ˣһСУ֪ŮӲܹʱԹĸһģɣڱ׼֮ڵĴ𰸡


472 е

Լ˵ĺеԼиԼ
һģҲһΡûʲô⣬һ֮ǰʥϵһ仰Ϊ׵Ҳʲô£ŻҲΪǽƽϡ
á
ϵͷǶǵĴ㣬ȴڴʱǳ׵ķŹ
Ȼˣ֮Ҳжˡ̶ѾͷЩҪ˵һ˵
ã޴ĵ˵Լϳ˵ͷƺǹ΢Ц
˸ͣʾԼſڵȴŶԷ
Ҳò׼ʵ۾ҪЩʲôָһ㣬ڲ֪ǵڼεˡ
ʵһֱھᡣ
غ쳺뿪֮˵ԼĿգȻһֶû롣
ҲúϾ
ѵͲƫеһ𣿡
ƻĻٴεİ׸̡
νҡҡͷ
үԴ׵Ļҿ»ỹ뷨ƫеһڲһˡ
뷨˵ء
߳ʱûж˵ЩʲôÿһθĹؼʶã֪롣
쳺أ
˵лһǻλĺѡ˵Ļ϶ƫǰߣǡ
Ҳ֪Ϊ˱ӣûκεϢ˵Ͱѻλĺѡ˵֮ų롣
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ԵԼٶȶ˶ԷĿʱ򣬶ԵЩΡ
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ĻдŨصıԹû֮пκεҰĲ
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һʱ֮ò׼Ӧôϲ֮еϲߡ
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ԼЩûûȥѯⷽ飬ջԼԴ
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Ҳû뵽ڳʱ򣬲ѯԼκйڻλ顣
ЩίͰ͵İԼڶԷĻ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱиͣÿϰٽʱҶսľģÿһδݳϢǡ
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뿴һС飬Ҳ֪ԷЩʲô
ˣʿѾ˾ӹ۷Ҫ̽ǾЩʲôľǲĵġ

û뵽תתǸôںͻʵܽжĵʱһֱ˼ÿһ仰֮⣬ҪһʵĽ
ڸҪˣһжǼٵġ
ʵܵ뷨ѾˣôҲòʵĴ𰸡
ǻˣݺݵ룺ô˵
Ƿˣۻ˵Щʲôֳˣһ䵭ģΪǹ֮ģڿȻ
Ѿ²⵽ϵ뷨ǹҪ̽η壬ȻѾܹģúọ̃ԼΪѡ
ôѵģôңһֱ㵣µġ
أ쳺Ӧö³ʥϵ⣬ʱͬǲԻش𡣡
ʵ˵ޱȵࡣ
ǾԼߵ˼㡣
ʫҲڹʲô֪
ʲô鶼Ҫµġ
ҺʫҲ̫˰ɡ
˼ĸ̾һ֮ѾͣڵϿЩŮ¹˵䵭Щķ
׼ֱùķʽ˱
ͥԺ֮УȴһĨκɫӰεȴˡ
ޡ
һ飬͵ˡ
˵Դǣü֮дŻǳ
֮ǰʱǲѾ˼ôҪϹȥ
ȷԼɻϣзȨ
ֻðģһԹȺھͺˣЩû̫Ĺϵ
ǲҪȥģֻЩ޳֮˰ҵĸ°ˣвǡ
׳ȴֱֽ̧
Ҫǰ𣿡
ץס϶ĳѯһ
Ҳ̫ƽҪǵİĻñ˳롣


473 ֮

ȻҲǾ˼ǵġ
ʲôĻһҪĲ˵һ취ܹǸ֧Ԯ
ȻҲԼ뷨Ȼ˵ȥȥ˻һ£Ǻôͬ˹ϵ
֪һ𣿡
ͻȻʲôǵ֮У˸貵ĹЩŶԷ
޿κεҡҡͷҲԼʵݺЩ۹¸߸
ֻȵķɻĹ⡣

ү֪㲻֪ʱѾüĿ飬˽ˡЦǺǵ˵ţŶԷãȻ޴ı飬¶ѵõϲá
֪ү֪ˡ
˼ĵ˵ͷڳ֮͢ϵۺܺãΪ˸ֱҲ˵ܲ£ܺ˹һҲǺҸһ顣
Ҳϣ޸Ԫءһɫˡ
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Ҳʶ鲻ԾոյĹĦչȥĶôһ¾ͼ̫ˡ
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һһĹٷС
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Ѫӿڶ޵ϡ
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ֻ̿µŵѪҺһһʻؿҵſ̫ˡ
ΪʲôҪ
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̵ǣûôĿǡ
ץסᡣ
ǾޱȴͬˮһĴϻߡ
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ķԸԷȥ׷
ƴҪΣĺϵͳϵͳӵ䵭
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ĿһɾӨ飬Ĵ֮ϻȥ
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ûгŵĵܵټһμĻᣬѾȥˡ
ĺ׵Ķˡ
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˲һ֪ԼӦȥ˵Լжôʹ࣬жô
ƴǰţȥ˼˭ɱԼĽ㣬Ժֻһ仰ĶϣһһĸԼ
ҵĽ˵ģΪȥˡ
Ļϲϣܹĸףһж˱˵ľݵ㡣
е˶ʧеĸ鶼зֱһ̡


474 

գµĺܴ󣬵ģܹеı˺ʹࡣ
̺˼粢翴ѾӲݴʯƵ̾һ
ΪʧȥԼ
֮ǰĶ֮Уֱӵĳ˹ԼһеĻڵľƻӵĶ
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ҧгݵķ׽˵֡
иʹࡣ
Ͷ޸һͺźܺõĹϵȻʮŮʵദᷢһƽ׽˵СŮ
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ûߵ֮硣
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Ϊֻܹ˲ͻȻĿȥ˲ľŢ
Ȼֳ֣ϿҵĿͷ
еʹͿѲһ˲սᣬĿͷܵá
̿һʹģһһ仰û˵
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֪ġ
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˲ĬĬĸǵĺ棬²е²ߣǴ˿ѾûĿԣֻܹ㡣
¸ͣҵĳšǣƺҲڱѵĵУͬһĲͣ
һһɢĹƺδ֡
߰Ϣ


475 Դ

һµζƺΪȴ֪ƣ꣬ÿ˶Ե񽻴˼֡
˲нվڴС
̿ģ͵ЦЦĵͷǳ㡣
Ҳûʲô£Ҫôнúܾͺá
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ЩɻÿһϢʾ䡣
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ҲԽ֮ǰʱΪʲôἫǵķΪʲôôþ̵뿪Ϊ˷֡
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˲ȴѵõҡҡͷҿ϶ĸһ𰸡
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֮еĳ˲Щɻ
Īŵһ־Ĵҡҡͷû϶ᡣ
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ǺˣүҲҪΪС¾ҳԴˣɺûʲôϵֻ۶ѡ
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ΪһС鲻Խøࡣ
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ôŴˮӳ֮ԵøƺһвŸոտʼ
̳ϸźܶɵ㡣
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㾿ʲô
飬ʲôã֮ǰҲ˽˵Ը
飬¶ǰٺһġ
ȴû뵽κεĴ𰸣鲻Խ˼֮С
⸱ģҲԸš


476 ƽ

һڴӳ֮£ڳЩʣƺڸǣһмȥ
˲ĬֽӲһ΢ĳϣϲ֪ԼȥˣֻܹԼƣʹ˳ȥ
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ͬ
еһжָܱ⣬νֻͬǲһļ󡣡
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ôģЩӲ
ֵƺѾΪ˱Ȼ֮еıȻ
ȻԸ⣬Ŀһ죬ѾδѶʱˡ
Ľ֮С
ɢ·ŽյĺСԾ֦ͷתƺ֮ǰҥȡ֮
һжո续
ȴܾǷ


477 

ƵҪڡ
ܷܷԥľͳΪѡӣʱ򣬴ǵĶЦ
ģɵЩ֡
ڶһиˣͲҪЩ飬ʲôҪģǸѾ߸Ҵͺˡ
ϽĽӹܷܷһһĴɫСӡ
ǽʲôϡŹֵ뷨
ܷܷΪİ˰Լ֣Щ˵ôˣѵ⼸ûʲôµĻҾͲܹ֮ϵôãѵ㻹ҪҼְ
ڳһŭģʱ䣬ΪӶΣݷ֮еĳظС
̳ĵ˵ͷ
֪ΪԲŻģֲΪĻЩ顭
ص̾һ
ܷܷȻ֪ʱ䷢ʲô˿Σֻ΢̾һ֮󲢣û˵⣬ֻ֮ǰˡ
ɫͻһõĸо
ȴ֪Ϊʲô뵽ѪҺ̫ѨͻͻֱţѪҺ಻ĲţǴʲôط
ǻʹǾǣǹǽ
ĵطѪһ
̵һһ۵ġ
֪ĳǰĻ䣬ڴ飬ǡ
ֽһȴ
ܷܷס֣ɫЩ䡣
Щ𣿿ɫ԰׵ӣҪҪи̫ҽ
˵ʲô̫һԼǸ̫ҽ𣿡̼һɰ΢ЦҪ̫ˣֻʲô顭
ŹֵŮܾһеɶܹڵĲ
ܷܷס֡
ģﲻĻ͸ϽңҪٲˡ֮ǰ㲻˵һ仰伲ҽôоڵ㲻ıˡ
ڻڴȤ
ԵЩεļ򣬰ڳһ޹ģգգ۾
ģƺǳ֮ǰıʹ
ĵɢ
ܷܷȤ̧һӡ
ҪҪȲһЩʲô
ûв³ЩʲôĻͲЩ͸𣿡
Ȥķʵһ䣬Ȼջܷܷһۡ
֪ЩҶ˵㣬֪Щط۸ҡܷܷ˵һίͰ͵ģȻ󻺻Ľҿܡ
氲ĴһȫԲĺ챦ʯһֽһĴġ
ͺÿ˼㡣
ӳ֮£ͨ崿ĺ챦ʯɢĹԸϲ
գգ۾ԵЩΡ
Ȼ˵Ļ͸ҵвµĵ
ܷܷҲ鲻Խţ챦ʯͻԵ˼ѩһȥԵøӺÿˡ
ҲǵģϣͨЩƯƣܹ΢Ŀһ㡣
Ϣ˵֪ΪŴ۸ӹϵܷܷȻҲһЩԷ
Ȼֻм֮ԵҲܹΪƣÿ͡
ȷһõѡ
̺òһ̸ϻѣΪʧȥˡ
ֻܷܷܹžԼܣܹһЩ
ʣЩҲһһĲˣһЩɵĶеͬЩС⣬Ư־µСĪĲرͼ
Щ֪ǴҳģǺЧĻڱʹ뷨
ֱ̫ƫת
ܷܷʱ䲻ˣҲ׼뿪
ҸѰɣǲƽȣҿɵ㡭
ܷܷûѻ˵꣬ͺĲӣͬϼȫŤת֮ϡ
⸱ҲǲٹȡЦˣֻ͵ҡҡͷ
ڶǷˣôӡҪĸˣɵóһ㡣
ǰôôᰡ㣬ʲôʱܹϸأ
ܷܷ˵ⷬûκεĶ⣬ֻǴԼڴҲϣܹһĻǵĺӡ
֦ɢҶʡȻ˵Щ֡
ܷܷȴᶨƵΪһӵĻһϲá
ǿ󲻵õġ
ЩΣܹܲ͹˽ʲôȫ֮ɣֻܹǣû뵽ԷȴЦЦ
ӨӨ֮ɢϲĹ⻷Ҳ֪Ǵ׳һҺɫı
׼Цңⶫʯġ̸ܷܷ֮ǰ˵ӹرԣҪЩھ䣬϶ܹһСӡ
˵ķĿ϶


478 

ûʲô취ֻܹνķԼĲϡ
ܷܷһдʣ㣬㲻ҪڳһӲΪ𣿲˵ĺĳΪ飬˵ֱӳİ˰ݵĻ;㹻Ͽҡ
Ȼ󣬾ܹкӣ
ȻĴ˵ǻǶлһ⣬ͬҲһϡ
ƽȣõģܻԾӦһ̥ܽ
̰ԺҲһӺܺáûκε⡣
һ㿪һЩǿҩȵڵĺεʱģʱҪҪҵĻǱߵѾ߸һͨҾ͹ȥơ
˵ĺᣬü֮Ҳ͵Ϣ
ܷܷص˵ͷ
֪и˺ڻΪȱҶ͸Ԫض¹ɣȻڹŴûרŵĲǷӦҩҲܹﵽͬЧġ
ܷܷ״Ҳǿ˺üҩ
ҪڲΪĺӣǧҪԵðЩҩȽȥˡ
ܷܷᣬû뵽ԼҪ⼸ҩӻȥ
һ뵽ǿɬ˼ҩ;Լͷġ
ûа취һԼĶ˵ҪЩ㻹Ҫȥߣɹɹ̫ʲôҵ˶
һһ㣬ߴߴһһĶš
Ҫеע˵꣬Щεĵ˵Լıӣû뵽ԼҲôŵһ졣
ĬĬʹ⣬̧ͷȴܹܷܷܵػĿ⣬ǺһжǷ˷츲صı仯
һжˡ
ܷܷס֡
żţܹѸٵ뿪Щܵ¡˵һжܹѸٵĽ
ĵ㣬ĶǷϢ
˲ڴһԲǿͬصɽ
ֱˣʵʲô𣿡
ǻûСšܻеѣûеô򵥣̫ƽ⡣
˵š
˲ûܹڼ֮ѸٵİһҲֻܹԼ׳顣
Լһж
ŸͻȻĲ񷡣
뵱һʱ򣬰ɫĸӱɵĽűߣߴߴش˼¡
̿ɰɵĸӣҲ¶һĨȻЦݡ
ǲ֮Ľźţ⾭ѵŸϢĻ죬ҡ
Ҳйܵķ𣿡
̫ӿͨͨģһץסĻô죿
˵ͷӸһȦССŷ⡣
Щ˹ȥϸƣֻţһȦȦȻһΡ
ʲô
רŵоʩоĶģо֮ǰҷһ𣬾Ǵʱоûн
ͳ
˲̾һʱ仵ϢܱȺϢö࣬ڶʧȥ˼ϢҲȥˡ
ҿܹҪؼһˣڲ񡣡˲أ޿ˣ֪νĻҵ뿪͵ó飬ĻĻҵ¾ͻᱻ˷ֶʳ֮
һѵѡ
㶼ӦȻȥͥȻٹǡ
̿úͨ͸ȻһϵƣûκεȵıԼ
˲ȻĿǰ֮Уߵһ
ߵǲַͬʵ޻л
û̶˵ĺеǳΪ֮Ŀľ֮оᣬûеĻԽǴʱ򡣡
ķ˵̡
򵥵ĽҪļ壬ֻҪܹѸٵڲжϣǼ͸ла취ǽкԲԣ
ó۷һС
ƹӳ˵ӰŵƹƮ֯һ
˲ļ
ǲ˵ڼıһ飬ĺ㣬ÿζܹõʵĴ𰸡
Ϻó˺ˮƽһ޵ˣŸ̵Ĵԡ鲻Խļľ塣
ҲһԵ˵ͷŵĽʽǴ˭ﲻæ
϶ŵһΨһܹҡǸľǱ
ҪЩµϴƵĻпܵõͬĴ𰸡
һ飬򵥵ĽǣȥѼá
ڴһµЭ飬һ
˲˵Լıֱӵ뿪
ֶ룬ûʱ˷



479 ı

ҹɫŨڣΨһƺǵˣһƬҹɫ
־ڱصá
ľˣ
˲뿪»ص˶ҵĻ˵ǰһ
뻹ܳŶãҵҪҾõڻ֪Լߵ˱
һ뵽ɫ¶ˣͬѪһĺա

ЦޱȲ񣬲ž֮ǰеĶ壬Ҳֻ㡣
ٻܹ
ʫЩŵǰӣ˵İ
һжˡ
ĬĬûа취赲˵Ƕһѡֻܹѡ˳
֪£Ȼջô
ӦôԶ׼
𿱯һҹɫ
һжڲ֪з˱仯
ʫüͷϸϸ룬֮ǰʱ򡭡
һֲŵ뷨ѸٵɢĴ
ѵѾ޽
һ뵽֮ǰľֵҲѸٵ۳͵ĹâţַΪȻĽ취ΪϿݱˣ
˵˵ĻʫסԼ˫֣ƴĲԼֳּģ
ǰ͸оǱһһ
ʲô̼
ʲô˵ΪһʲôֵĻľԼˡ
ʫܹĴͷ­ƴڽһԲ˵ҲЦδԼ
ƺǷԾִֿɱֱ˹
֮ǰҫʱ򣬿ɴûиֳ˴ı飬Ƿˮת
ЦЦ
ʫ˰֣ЩһͰԼĨɱˣֻܹӵض
֪ҪЩʲô
ڳһ˳ģ
֪Щʲôãһ߻ȥةͨ籨ţ㻹Ǹ߹ˡ
ϬĻ֮вκεУĽĶɱĲ
ʫоԼƴҪֻ޸֮ŮӣôҪԼǰˡ
ѵ㻹Ҫܣ
ΣյĶߣĲһһɫĺۼɿ֡
ʫоԼҪϢˣòɿ֣Լûκյڵϣ˼֮Ѹٵ뵽˰취
֪õĽʽʲôΡΡվĿʹ޽ˮԽԽ֪ôȥ
õĽʽЩǶȥ
д
ʫΨһĴʽ˳ĻȥߣΪ˵ĵ˵ͷ
ү˵һЩеȷõĽʽǳ׵İǽ
Ҳһ¡
̱
ү㷴ĻʵҸмΪ򵥵Ľʽ
ĮسЦЦȻ֡
ƺһȵĶȴУͨ
ȥĻүҲİɡ
ֻһΪŮ˶ģ
غ֮ǰȣӵ壬赭д̧ͷŴĵħ
ΡֻǵĳһʵûκεĹףǶǵĸ󻼡
ھһգһղð
Σա
ʫҲ֪ԼѾûκε·ˣǿˣȥǰ˵ǲʵġ
Ȼ˵Ļϱ˴˵˼˵ܿǶۣǵץסᣬȻĻ
ȷһֺõ뷨ؿļֱӸܲϵ
һֽҶÿԡʫ֪򵥵Ľʽͺͬһϣͬ򵥵Ľʽ
һһεӭš
ɫҹ֮ͻأΪ˵ĻỰչ¶
ⲻνƣƺǶڵǰѡҲ̵ܷ㡣
ܷܷʫʲôǶڵԼȫѰԱĻȫԴ֡
ܷܷѾУϢ˶֪иԣϵĺΨһ
֮лļį
ʫһʱĸԼСӣûкԭΪǸСˡ
һ뵽ͷۣøӿС
үȫΪǿܷܷȥв̡
ǿνһ׮õĻ£ܹá
ܷܷ᲻ΪԼ̥̣
Ȳõһˡ


480 ǰ

Ƴʱܻ˲֪رȥˡ
̣⸱ģѵõĴһֺۡ
ȥһܷܷô㻹ôĶ
Ȥڲֿ涫ģҵһЩʵĶƾҴҵĴ
Ȼ˵ģ˵Ĺϵܺã֮ǰչô࣬ΪдΨһЩ϶ǱģԸһóԵĺġ
ȻҲԼĿǷʽΡȻѾݼҵĹϵǻǲǵġ
ڶ̶ģ̶˵ʲôǶԵģʲôǶԵġ
ûеߣ˵ʲôǶԵġ
̧ͷĻ鲻Խرøӵĺ
˺ˡ
ܷܷڵԺ棬⼸µĴݲ֮£ĶӱøӵԲ
Ϊʲô˵ǴݲУΪʱи֢״ԽԽԡ
ˡܷܷ
ôˣ⸱üӣòܹԺϢһᣬôˣ
̸һžͿ⸱Ͱ͵ӣ̾һ
Щҩ̫ˣҸͲôɬҩҲ֪Ҫȶá
ܷܷ˵ĸӵίһ߶Ե÷Ρ
Ϊã̶㿪ôҩϣܹǿ壬ΪԺӡ
˵ģʲôʱиӣиСҲǼ顣
ܷܷҲԸ϶ᣬһ׳İֱߵҩԼ
˵ʲôҶˡ
̼ɵغҩģڵЦһȻҲó˼һİװСУ֮ǰ編ơ
̧ЦЦ
ⲻǿ⼸ֻͥԺϢĸһЩߣǲ
ܷܷ۾һʱֱǿ﷦ζ˼㡣
ΨһֻͥԺɢɢ
㣬ĺǲֿ֪ԸЩʲô
ܷܷ˵Ŀ˵Եл֮дĹ⻪ϸϸתš
ЩҲʲôӰĶֻģ㲻Ļ
֮˸ĹԣЩƽƽɰһ֮ģʵҪڹŴЩûѺö
ҲһԲ˵Щ￴ƽƽģʵЩҲҪķѺôһݹ򡣡
Ỻ͵˵š
ܷܷ˷ܵİѴӴ򿪹󣬾ȻܹǸСװŵĶ
㣬̫˰ɣôôණ㶼
ܷܷһŵģʵҲȷˣһӾܹڷŵɫľͷ
ǱͿ˲ͬɫ
ϲǣЩľͷԱ߻һΧ̡
ȻЩʲôõģһȷ˵ĸܡ
һЩɰأ֮Ķ̣壬Ҳһܹⷦĺ¡
̶Դ˽ֵ
ܷܷ⾪Ķǵ̣ҲдģϽ̴˳Ȼ˵ղײգǾһ¸ɣ˭˵Ļ˭
Ƕ˵ˣҿ϶ҪԹ䣬иĵ޿κε̾һĶˮĴ۾
Сӣǹǲá
ֱӿСĻ
ûҾǵŽķѾþöûгԹĶˣл᲻һ㣬Ҳ֪һܹԵķʲôʱˡ
ܷܷ֮дıʹ㺣ԵЩԱį⻰˵Ҳܶԡ
ԺܹܲһȻ˸߲ҵĳŷҪһʺš
Ҳ˵Ҳ͸ӣҪһ
һʱľЩ֣ȴûִź壬Ѷﶼŵһ֮˵ʱҲˣȥãϢһ֣ȥʲôܸһζ͵ġ
Ŵ˻˶Ҫ̡
̾͸Ͻҡҡ֣ҲԼ뷨ûһֲԤУү㻹úõػܷܷɡ
ǵи̡
ӦĿ˿ȴķ߿
֪ΪʲôܾЩԾͥԺ̫𣿻˵
ĴĴĿǰΪֹûз֣⡣
ܷܷ¶һвöֵ֪Լˣֻ㡣
εص˵ͷס֡
Сġ


481 

ʾ˵ĸûиͬǳΪĬĹͬ㡣
븺չܷܷ
ȥһȦûпʲô¼·֮ƿš
ڷŵĶǾģʽĹϹ߲ˣݲȵıС档
ϰԵĿһ۶׼ҳСˣȻʱ䶼ķѵ档
ܷܷ˺ܾЩС㣬Żۼ֮Ķ׼һС
ƻѾճΣ߲Уг˿Ƭ״
Ȼ󡭡
һڷ˲Ծ
Լ˵ĻԱûǺ飬ΪϲˣֵʱңҲ֪ϰߵġ
Զһڳﹾ߶߶һЩ
ڡ
صüͷûеô򵥣һ⡣
޿κε̾Ϣһ
ΨһֵܹĹ߾Ĳ˵ˣ˵ģһи̡
ҲԼлᡣ
֪ҪЩʲôǹİֻһûУǸĲȵ
̼װ·һļˡ
δδ˭
Ϊ˸߶ȾԭѸٵҵˡ
һͷһһĨӰӳſʧ뿪ٶȺܿ졣
ͬ
ǵɽĸгˣ
Ҳö֪ҲԸݾߡܷܷǸиһиͻ¹ܾ˿ɲá
װǳٶۣûзָոſһĺɫӰӣֻͷŲˡ
ֻв˵Ħ
ڴʱͻȻĿ˿֨һƽûвĺͶһʯͷ
ץסһѲ˵ϻŶҩ䲻£ǵ³
ҪĿǲԸǣ˽һ硣
汣ܷܷ϶Ų
û뵽Ͳµˣгһģ
欵ŮسϤߣ׭һ޵ǾޱǾޱͷš
Ǿޱ
ԭ
֮ǰıɱ޵ҲǾޱ
û뵽㻹ĲȻֹҪıɱҡ
½εЩ֮ǰȻݵĽ֣ʵ
档
ǾޱȴԵøӵĲΪ⣬ƵҡҡͷһѳɢĹԡ
㲻Ҫѻ˵ôûʣʲôĲôȻԼѻԹԵ͵ϣץסҶԸˡ
վſڱޱߵơ
ҲԼһҪģôÿһ㣬Ҷ㡣
ΪһǰҴδйʧֵɱ֡޵ʵҲٵĴ̼ΪΨһһʧܵ
ð֮ǰЩֲ
Ҿ뿴ˣ˭˻ٰܹ㵲˲Ѿ뿪˾û˿Ա㣬á
̸ڼ׶Է뷨
òвҡܷܷһᰲȻүֲʲôùӵģֻ˵㣬֪һ
Ȼʵû̫ɵ
޴˵ȷΣǲòһǾޱ͵Ϯģûʲôǹʵı¡
Ұץ˵ĻǲǵùԹԵĸҾ˭ģ
΢Ϊ𴽽ǣֱӵϮĶ졣
û°ɣ֮һô󣿡
˵š
ͬûжᣬǲֱӵҹһεĹȻֱӵ˳ײȥ
ҪԼĹʱ򣬱һӰһſڡ
ûй˷ѡ
̾ҪǵȰϢɢȥ
ܷܷİȫصеص㡣
磬ʲôڿ֮ɢĹԣ
һ
תͻķɽɽҪĲĲ˹ȥõĳ
˿
аһ⣬ҪΧ׷½صĲֹһ·ˣ·˶뻢ڡ
ԼǵĵͼѸٵ䡣
վĺ˽ķ֮Цһ
벶ȸں»ǺֶΣҪˡ
һԵҲǴ˳
Ǯ֣ͷҪ͸ҼӣͿվȥɡ
ܶһӡͬǿǡ


482 粽

Ǳﶢϵĸоá
̵Ҳ˼ƽϣֻһ˵Ļյ뷨ƻ˶Χ׷½صĻûʲôʤ㡣
Ѿ˼ƽϣĶܿ졣
˶ҪɱҵĻôǾԾûа취ܹҵͷɡ
˵棬ܶңң˭
о֮еô򵥡
ǧ»©ʲô飬Ǿޱޱ·ǿ˵ݡ
һĵϾ¶Ļš
û뵽ӻЩֶΣȻˡ
˶ͬġ
̾ôӣҲӲ˵ġ
ץסҪܣһѷɽֹɱֱӵסȥ·
һĻпܾ͵С
㻹Ҫӵȥ
˵ˣ˶ҵôء̹˴СƿӣѸٵըһֻ̻һû׼ҵеκһˡ
º͵ЦЦ
ȴûкϻĹ򣬳ǾޱܵĶصӰ죬һԾ¡
ٶȺܿ죬ṦѾ˸߳ĽȣǰһԼһӣܹ̾ۿ
֮дųɱʹޣûκεΡ
ĻƵ̾һȻһСƿӶʱĴɿ
ոնǾޱƿӣֻһ۷ڲĶء
ѵץס˻ᣬҪץסԼġ
Ѹʶ˲Ծס˺̱Ҫ롣
ӻһѳϮһ˽塣
һѴ󵶣ǰ
ñ˺Ůˣ
˹ּᶨƵ˵š
һ˾ʪѯʵܷܷأ
Ѿ籣ˡ뽫ԼĻϸȷһûܹκε֮ƵЦһ¡
Ӧңǵڻû֡
кų⣬ûκζܵķʽ
˵⸱ģЦһҪɱҡ
Ҫɱ˶ȥˣҲڵĻҲҪ֮졣
Ǿޱĵ˹һǺɫӡ
ϸһܷԭǳޡ
һɫ·ֻ¶۾
ǵıĿǾޱʥŮôнŵģ˿϶ϵ֮УͷΪѵһݲȵķ״
Ҳֻİ취ܹ˳Ľһжꡣ
ԡ
̻ĵ˵ͷ
˶ô߶߶ģûмǴĻΪصİɱ֯ɲˡ
һֻн˲֪ģɱ֯붼Ǳİɱߡ
ȻЩ
ܹļ۸Ҳ㹻ߵġֻЦЦΪһͰϸĴһڵˡ
ʲôأѵǻܹ
ȴԸϺȣԼﻹҩƷ
ǸոɢҩƿĶҩûʲôá
ǾޱĬĬһ䡣
֪ڿң˶ڵĻҪ̴ȥĻ˵ֺ
Ҫ
˼Į˫ָһѽԵ÷׺ݡ
̺һ
үסǾޱ
̵ȻҲԼ뷨ԸϺȣҲԼ˵⣬ǳǿĻп˶ǳԲ˶ߡ
һ㣬ԼεĽסǾޱ
á
Ҳûж˵ʲôϻֱӵ˫ֺסһѵ
˵˲ʱǵĶըһѤõ̻
Σյʱ̣ҶΪۡ
ûܹ֪Լܹܲ
Ķܿ죬һѽԣǵõԼջѾõıء
ǾޱĶ棬ıƺۺŷϬģϮÿһյض
·ըһСӡ
ҪһĻҾ㳢޵ζ
ҪƤȵ޵Ķڣͻᶾ
һ㣬ݵĶһһεĹʵ̫ˡ
ûа취޿ˡ
ȴ׵ķŹֵʱ㹻˻ϵĻ
пܾͻǵĹ˹ȥ
ӴƬһء


483 ɱ

û뵽ֶҲˡ
̵ЦЦ
㲻ҪΪԼе㱾¾˲ˡ
ǾޱһٶضԼĹҲ
ܹ״
ô죿
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Ǿޱڽ߳ôҲʲôǵĽɫ
ѸٵĴӸոյʧ֮л
ƲԳԷƣɲҪڡ
Լļ¶һĨ΢Ц
ѽѽѽǺúأҲ֪ǾޱʥŮһûбԼҵȻôõʱڻ֮£ǲܹ׾ٵİɱˡ
Щס
ǾޱķӦܹµóǾޱ϶ʫ߼Ƹɱ֡

Ǿޱδܹ˵ǣҶǣһεĽԼְҵѹڽ£ϬıӵһһεĻš
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ҲΪÿͲһļǿǾޱвʣеķߺ޺ͼʣȼյĸʢĶԽԽꡣ
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ûֵȷԴĺԽ˵ݽ棬ҪΪѰһʵƤߣ֤αò
û뵽Ȼ˭ôıܹɽˡ
ѾʶƣҲûκεֵĶԽԽܺݶÿһζѨйġ
ݲýصšмΣôһ㣬ͻֱӱ˴ؿڡ
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վڶĻʦһȥúõоԹΪҵĵͽ
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ǰҪҵһĻԼܲõõɡ
飬Ķһ˲ƹͬһѸٵĴֱӵĴֱۡ
Ѫɫӡû뵽Ķ
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Ҳʧ֮ǰĲмصĶԴ
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ĶȻƾԼ׼ķպĶںǾޱĽս֮УȻȡϷĵλ
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ԼܹѸٵɰɽȡͷ񣬿ûǵ˵Ľ֡
ΪԼԼĸоԼݺݵѹסˡ
ԼһÿһεĽ඼Ǿޱһ˴ıƿն˳Ļ̵ӡ
ⱾӦ𹥻̶ֻܹһһεĶ
ڿȷϲˡ
֮յȨÿһε㶼мƻġ
һһε㣬Ǿޱľ֮ıøӿ졣
ΪҪһʤΪ֮ǰɱʱʧˡ
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ĶѾˣѾˡ
ץסһλᣬٴεĲĽűߵʱѸٵס˱ӡ
ǾޱѾûκεĿı˽ס˱֮󡣱ʧȥһ
ʯ֮䡣̳һССͬһСҩƷɢ
ץסᣬصסǾޱϵѨá
ӷϣδǸԼһֶΡ
Ǿޱõڵذ֮ϡ
һ¡¡ҲվԱߣ춷ͬʱͣ˽Ų
Ҳû뵽ʤȱڻ˺ѿɡ


484 һ

̵ǰѾ췭ظ־硣ɵһԺͳɾ͸С
ˢӡһѾڵϵǾޱ޿κε̾һûЩʲô
Ѹٵվߣȴ˵ģֵĻԼҲԥĶ֣ûж֡
һжˮʯ
ε΢ЦţȻǷĲǺɫӣӡһſʵա
һɵ֪ˣ϶ᱻסӶԨ
бվ֮䣬˵Ųеࡣ
ȥǴƤ
һǰŰԵʱ˵ֵģѾеľĶȫһ㡣
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ʶҲǰŵɣʵѾʮˡ
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Ҫ˵ϽţҶ֪һ֣ƽҵЩ˫꣬ǲ̵˺ȻǵƤΪԼߡ
ٻЩαװõȥЩŮӣǵƤһһİȥ
ϵԼƤ֮ϣαԼļ
ͳĽпʵ˲ε̾
Сһ㣬˵۷۾Ȼļܡ
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ȴЩηʼ
֮ǰ˵һšҪʲôڵԵЩǾޱһĨЦ
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ҲԼ뷨ĳ˵ȻѾ˵Ļúõһ·ӦôߣЧҵĻһȻĻֻа׹ǰˡ
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֪Լûκּۻ۵أе뷨˿ˡ
߽ôǵһ㱻ģ޻֮
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á
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ҪЩʲô
ҿɶûôģһҩʱѹʮڲԣһҩĻͻᶾжա


485 Լ뷨

ĽãǶûľϻβ
ܷܷչ˵ĺܺãԾǡ
û°û°ɣ
ļ򣬲Ϊ˵ˣôʲôأ㿴ٿү
һ仰һֱﲻ˵ʵӦõĵ˾Լһ뵽涣ĵľͻҪ޳ģ
ʲôĻﶼ˵ˡ
㣬úϢʱ仹ǲҪȥ߶ˣǶǳġ
ܷܷɵô飬ҲܹѸٵıЩ龿Ϊʲô¡
ֻǿԼ侲ȻϵĲ԰ѾƭԼ
ӿƲûдĺԶ˼λ֮û˵֪
̻ؼҵʱҹɫʱ׸ߴߴķ˹
׸밲ֱϡ
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Щɻѯţƺɫе
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ΪĻ⣬ҡҡͷ
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вԼ
æľֳһ޹ģ
һжĻһж˵ھдŸҵĵȥ鷿ʱ򡭡
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ʫûа취һһ
Ŀдֱ꣬ӵĽŶԼ¡
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ؿⱡһֽʾӿϵĿкʡ
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Ϊһ㣬һжʼȲ
룬ţ


486 Բ

֮һƬ谵
ͻʹո룬
쳺վԣһֱȰѦ

Ѧߴߴ˵ͣҪڻʹľƲҲ㡣
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ѦԼƴһҲҪȥôһѣΪֻܵõĴ𰸡
ҪʲôȥȥĻûпˡ
Ļ
쳺ԴΡ
رҾԲֹһ˻񣬶ڻλÿ˶ÿ˵
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Ͳܹһ뵱ұҽһֱڽŵ£ôꡣ뵽ѦһĮ쳺ҿӣȻָʲôãˣôǲǶǸĽ㡣
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֮ǰȷĸĲԡѦ˼Ƭ̣ǾùԹϴΪãĶӲΨһ
쳺֮ǰǸмˣҲܹϻλӡ
ʱѾȲˣʵʵ˵ɣӡѦ֮кˮŶԷƺϣӶԷ֮пκ;
ʲôûС
쳺ս˫һ仰˵ĵȴŶԷĺģ·ڳ
Ҫ˵Щʲô
쳺ҲƱǣһиûʣֻеЦ
̫ҽʵʵ˵ˣ໹һµʱ䡣
Ƕ֪е˿϶ͼįһµʱǵȲģ˵ڶ̫Ѿʥϵļɻ䡣
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Ψһ˭Ĺޣ
Ѧǲļ
ҪһȥˣӣҪ֪ŵǻʼҵѪû˲ǸλӡѦʱʲôЦ˼Ķ˵ͬһĻЩȷǲӦǵģ˵̡Ҳ֪ϲܹõ򵥵İ취㻹𣿡
ʱ˿̣
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Ѧһöӣְһöӣһʹ
ǽһжûĺʱ䣬Ըȥ˷ˡ
΢̾һ漴
ѦĿ⸱ģ뿪
ݷꡣ


487 Լͬ

¸ͣղͬįζ
̴ľ˻ʹ
ÿҪʱȥʹʱܾûʲô£ǵʱôȥˡ
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ЩԵ̫ܹ̫ڵĿⷢ˷츲صı仯֮ǰǰȻԵá
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ҪѾͷô룿
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һǷ˷츲صı仯
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Ҫ֪ȥȥȣӲһĽݴѾԵ£Ҳðա
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㵽ֹҲڻϵĲûܹȡ˳ȻҲֻܹһµ
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֪СѾͷЩʲôҲ֪ܶʵ̫ˡ
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ݸһЦͼ
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ûа취Ȼ㣬Ҳǿ
ܹϸļһˣǺʵò٣ڻϵԽԽɿݣֱ۽ȵȲѾ˰׹᾵֢״
ûô򵥣ʵʵ˵ɣ֮ǰ̫ҹʱһϣԲڶ̶ʮʱڷֱ仯
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ûκεı飬ʱ޷򵥵ĽʽųеĲܡ
еĲȫųʣһжпܵĿԡ
ǰѧҽʱʦ̸
罥ĴԽǼԽǾõսľϵѾûһǺõĵط
̫һѹʲôʱ򣿡
ȴС
ǰ
̫̾һԴңϣܹܹͨܰһС
ӵȨнǮӵȫ߲ʵݵλѵͲΪ
һ㣬ԽԽᶨ


488  Ȼ

̶ѾͷҪӦһ£ЩʲôһҪѻϸҾȻ
ᶨ
εҡҡͷܹġ
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Ҵҵ뷨ǵḷ̌ڻϵѾǿ֮ĩˣûκλתء
̫Ƿһֻڱ֮زŲĶֽˮ
֢״ԽԽȷҽıǺϣҲһƬûнҩԽĶҪôΣ
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ֶ˵ãȻҳıɱ̫󡣡
ǻ˵û˽öڡ
֮ڴʲôǱģݵλݵλΪС
һжܹѸٽ
ЦЦ
ʱѸٵİһж˽¸̫Ȼ̫ûж͵͵עҩƷת˺
ҲǰϵĲ״һޣɾǲ˹Ϊֿ֮Ѧζı顣
ʵ̫ˣе˾ж⣬һֲϵ
赭дһת˲֮Ѧ䲻Ը飬ı顣
ˡ
ķ֮ǰЩֽ𣿲ܣԲܡ
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һżģعʱҲǷ糾ͰɣһҶˮܹȡ
赭д˵ţߵһߣ׼˵裬ѦǲԸŹһǡôĻᡣ
ԹԵĶѰѱҵǰѵ㻹һлֱӹˣ
üͷҲڳŶԷ̫档
徻ɢ֮ϡ
̽ˮ˵ǰѦЩϵ
һѾջ˷̫ҽҲǸոյģеǵĿⴹ
Ƿʲô飿
̫ҽֵ̿ĵͷˣϽѺӶȥ
ϸϸĲ鿴һ֮󣬲ŷֵص㡣
عﲢ޴󰭣ֻ̫̫ıʹһʱ֮ƶε
ϣ˵Щûʲô
Ѧûĵ˵Ǿùһ̫Ϊԭ˹ôһжˡ
ֻʱıֳһʹģҧҧֱָ̡
ҪΪôܻ֮ǰ̫Ǻúõģ˵ɣ㾿Щʲô
΢Ļش𣺡ЩʲôģֻǾľ̷̫ͻϡ
ΨһĽʽֻڴ棬뵽һ㣬һʱ֮⡣
Ѧ˻֡
£һҪ̿򣬾ʲôֻ֪
̫ûѣˣ
ƵЦЦ̫Уû̫Ļ˵

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ûһ֪
һִ𰸣ѦԼйܡ
ĲԴҧ


489 

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Ȼֻһ˲ˬ
쳺ôܹϲ
ڹûһµˣΪͣѵʲô𣿶ΪֵõĻɶ󡣡
ѦǸҶԼЩʲôͦЦһ
һξ͹ˣҪ̫Ҳ㱾ûо㡣
ѦȻ֮ǰ飬˶΢ʡ
νʼ
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ҪѦƵĻԼȣЦЦ
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⸱ģ޴롣
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貵̻ȵȼţųĹ⻷޷ԡ
һжǻʺּĻһܹѭڻûк󹬵ķӡͳĻͬһһѵĵӣÿһ仰ֱصָԷ޷֡
Ѧж⣬һֵزʼնֻһӡ
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쳺ڴ˿˵˵ĵһ仰
ǻһֱ룬Ǵ󲻾ģڸѾԣ첻жڡ
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쳺һѦѦζ˰ʾԼһϵûС
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쳺ס֣ҡҡͷ
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490 ·

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ԸϵʵͬʱҲпܷʵɺҲŤת
뿴⸱ģӵ˻Уڶҡţ˵ͬļᶨ
ҪΪ뷨ˣòá
Խ࣬пܷԽɱ
㻹Ҫ룬ʫǲô׾̫ôˣ̫˵Ļ
̫ˣڻ˯֮Уһжᷢ츲صı仯û˻Ըߵһ㡣
º͵ĵ˵ͷԼοԼѡ
Լ̫õãԻܹš
ֻһ뵽Ĺ˴ǡ
˵ҲĺܺЦ̫ˣֻΪüֵ
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ʪۿ۽ǽĻһ˫ȵ֣ĸϡ
𴽽ǣͷ
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ڣҲ˻֮һ
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ԶеҪ򵥣﷢ֹ壬ֻмѾҩ̫ҽæת
άŹ棬ҶТ˳ޱȵӣʵѾõĲӡ
̫󾿾ôˣ
ֻ˸̫ҽѯʵ̫ҽҲҶ˵Щʲôֻ򵥵عɳ̫µĻԡ
Ҳ֪𰸾ǶǴ
ʫȴ˷Ѷ೤ʱ䣬ֽԼȥ˿̫ڳ˯ģ
˻ԣҲûз⣬ϸĿ˿۾ģͬǸССס
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ʫɪɪĥŴʾ䣬˵ģԼһСķɱ֮
Į۾дųеĹ⻷
ô룿
ô룿
ʫŽɵĵ˵㣬ԼҲҶ˵ЩʲôҧŴؿһįֵǵģиǲ˸ĿС
ʱΪԼݱܹһз仯ˣΪ
ڷˮתزةฮѾա
ҡʫΡΡֵͷȷ֪Ǻá
ƺͥԺˣԶƮ촫˵Ķϣ͡
زٵĺԸ˵Ҳ֪ȥɱ֣ҪıɱǾޱǸܺõˣ֪Ҫ˲ǣӦó֮ġ
ʫ񣬲֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
Ӧô
һãȻ޴ģ̶ϵȡ˶Էס֡߳ͥԺͥԺֻһ˯һڸס
涼࣬ģû˻ϲ
ʫЩԡ
үҪЩʲô
ڻӦЩʲôģ޹̧ͷϸĶš
طüֵҲһԲٿصľżܶˮãҲĿǰΪֹˡ
ûмǴĻǾޱһӶģֻҪԸǾޱһ飬ʥɱˡ
Ļ壬κεУϬ
ʫһҲսľȻгһջķʽΪβǡ
Ǹ˿ǻϰ߹ˣ֮˵ɱܹɱġ


491 

ķҲģ̨ͤ¥ܹ֮ȻԡһУǸһж˾㡣
յųľ羰ֻкܶ뷨
ǱɫĺҶŷҡҷˡ
ȴڲעһС
̫ע䶾ؾʲôʱ̫󾿾ܹܲϵӦδ
㻹ں淭תţϣͨĶõ˵Ĵ࣬õʳ
һι㣬赭дģͤͤģƵЦЦ
¾ãֻǼ󣬷ࡣ
ǵĶŰȣϣܹĽһ꣬תת
Ϣ𣿡
棬ʱͬͬĶȴȫͬ
̿еϢָǲ֪˲Ƿˣܹ϶ܴžȱһİ
ԷָûϢ
Ϊпõһŵƣʱû˷֡
о仰ҲǺ˵ܲٲܲپ͵
Ĳɫһɫѣ֮ǰúڸԼࡣ
ˡ
ЦһһϾģ֪鲻еļ򵥡
ʲôµϢҪˣԲԣ
϶ĻĲ룬Ҳ˲Щã
ʲô鶼֪
ѾǾޱϣΪѰһʵǱ뵽ʹ棬ɱ˵ϡ
˵򵥣ҪκεĲʵ
һû˷չѸ٣ˮͨͨе˼ȫĹ˳ȥ
Ƿ˵İɣôķգǾȻĸǹһĻ¾Ҫ
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һֽ֪Լ޿ˣ޿ɱܡ
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ץס֣ȴֿ϶һٶѯʵϢȷֻʥһ˵Ļ̫š
ͬɵص˵ͷƺΪ˾㡣
뾿˭䲼֪ǲԸ⣬ҲǲܰѴ𰸸߸ҵġͼҪ飬ܹ͸¶ЩĴ𰸣һִ𰸶ԡ
أ㣿쳺
ѡпԡ
ȴǿ뷨ֻǵҡҡͷûж峺ˮĿ⡣
Ҳ˵˵˵ĻʲôûУҺҪɥڴ˴ǡԲܹ߸ǵĽɡ
ԴؿƿĹһ£ֻ˿һжѰĶࡣ
붼Լ̫ѨͻͻֱðţתʵϣǾޱЩʱգȥѻɱˣҲڡ
ǿȫһףֻҪϹʵӣȱǲϵĻǼܹ֤˫İȫ
ҪԼ뷨ڵľƻǧ˵Ļһжˡ
̾һ˵򵥡ѣǾޱϢҵһʱǣϣܹһ·
ί
޿κεĵ˵ͷӵġ
㲻ԸҲԸǺôǾޱϵĶͽⲻˣԸҿɲϣ黹ǣϹϵ
ջ˵Į˵ţԸٹľˡ
ܹõ鱨ǶѾǲϢԴ
ɻҡҷƮҡţƺҪ۶ϣͬڿһûκΣյĻʹ˭֪жڻ
֮ǰԼ㲻ԸصĻһܺǾޱܲͦ죬ȥνıɱ񡣡
ذѳͻĻֳơ
ͻأ
㱼һѵӼش࣬ԼûκεĻأͬ˵㡣
ѾһزûܹЭûܹãõĽֻһ㡣
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ҧݵ˵ͷȻ
ҲðճŵʱԵĽҩҡ
Ҳûôɵ
̶ڰѽҩĻֻӾ磬㲻ĵЧǣǱΡ
ѱôˣֶ̫ͬԴͶĲͬζʲô
ɴ䲻СڣСϸڷܱһ˵֣ء
ĵ˵ͷ
ǵļƻʲôʱܸҰɡ
󡣡
ס˫֣ûа취õĽȴĿʵĴ𰸣ŰƭȥѸٵõҩȻٷɱ
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Ȼ˵ĻҲǻټģҶҩҩЧԵʱʹɡ


492 

ŲʵӰȥ
Ǻеģһûô򵥡̴ݲȵķԣп򵥵Ľֻһ㡣
һжӦó֮죬ӦúҽЩûֵĸݡ
˵ֵ档
ס֣֪ڻ¡
̫ͻȻˣͻȻǾһжһΡ
ǸŮǸܰźɫȹŮûʵ룬ûдļ£Ѿ޹
һʵĴ𰸣ҲһʵɣǻҶĸԴ
ıס˼ĸпã޶ȷֽ硣
ԣ쳺Żλ׷ᣬһеĴ𰸵Ļ˾̫˵ɡ
ƽһеһкĸԴ
һжܹúܺá
ʧȥЩܹӵиʧȥȨͻλᣬڡ
ҹɫվȥģûκεĹ¼š
µĹƺڳǵĲʣһֽ֮Ҫ⣬һҪܳﱸľ֡
ǾԲ׾ٲЩӵģעһЩֻʱ便ܹЩʲô
ѾĵĲһ֡
ͬԼ뷨Ȼ˵ϵķ򣬲ΪЩ֮ĩڵı䣬ܹæ죬ԡ
ѡһ·
ⶼҽһЩСҩƷĶҩͬȻ˵ֻһЩصС⣬ǣб޻ܹһæҲǺһ׮
͵֮дĹЮƺЦַ·ڳһеĲϡ
ѾߵزѾûκλ͵ˡ
ԸѶΪ֮
һоͷͺˣǶԸĻ
鲻Խ˶ޣ̸ԼӦڳڹȥ֮У鵽ֵزԼδɶϾ
֮ʱҲСŮĹ߶߶ĿʼоҩԼ׳־ȫͶڶҩ֮С
ǵı
ʱͬˮעʧδҲɱĶ޷һ⣬ôᡣ
ӴǷӱЩ£ֻᱼӿǰһһ飬κ˵ĵ
ҹɫƬա
ЮһƬһƬ̡
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һжһһĲ˼飬û뵽û̵սô죬ǳ֮䣬һз֮
ҪӱܵĻ
̺Ѿڹ滮֮ҵ˺ʵλӣֻΪǾޱİɱƻ
ǾޱҪЩʲôǲ֪ͨ粻Ҫ֮˼ƻƴһĻ
Ҳǲܵ顣
̶ԼĶҩ൱ţɽɽ죬ֻˣʹҩĵɣӲЩ˵ҩзǽⶾԼ򵥡
ҽˮƽܹĶ
Ǿޱ˵֮ڵʱҵ˽ⶾķԼĶأܹ˳Ҳ˵
һжпܵġ
ǽҹɫ۵һƻɺĽһѾ˷츲صı仯
ܹܲû֪ǻ۹
ʥϻ𣿲һ
ҳӣ˵ö֮һ仰ǲκεĴġ
˵νĴ𰸵Ļҵ΢ĺùһ㣬˵һжΪı仯
ĺ磬һжļƻ֮УѾȲŻʵȥȻԼлᡣ
ʫҶ࿴ҹɫûܹ뵽޶˵ҹɫ֮УһĶǵĽ
¡
ɲҪڳһ飬ڿû˻չ㡣
ش粽õ˵ţĳҡҡָָǵڵĵط
ҹɫڸһеɱ⣬һеʹû֪
Ҳû⡣
˵𰸾ĻЩ˻ʧԲԣ
ѾȲ뿴֮ǰЩмԼģѾԼ޵ˣڵһ״һĳ
ڵȡ
ȵڣȵշ֮ʱ
˵ڲЩʲôأ
ع˴ǣһĨеЦݣĻڲŮˡ
ʫֻ˷˷츲صı仯ֵǣеĸоһͬӿĺˮһ߶
Ҳκνķʽ
㻹ЩʲôˣܹеĴ𣿲ֻܹңúõĿš
ʫܹܵߵźɱϢԼϽܰɣȴס


493 

Զһ
쳺ĿбӵŽǵлʹĶӲġ
Ѧ⸱ģƵЦЦ
ؾڵȴһɣ˶ڵһǺµǸǾޱܹܲȡʥϵͷ
Ѿʲôϡ飬Դʱ˿̣·ʧȥ˸Ӧǹޡ
ǵңĸѾܿĶ
쳺֮дŵĳҡҡͷ˴ӣȸķĴ
ȡ
ʵѾȺʱܾˣΪʲô̹һ㣬ҵĶˣֺαĸװģ
ѦѾƣˣԸȥίȫԸٰڳһĸТӣ̫尾ͬʱ
ʹʹһ㣬һ¡
쳺ĮЦЦʵ͸
Ȼڵȴһ𰸣;䣬ĸҪµĻȺʱѾˣȥϢ
֮ϳдν⼸֡
Ĳں
ûֻ֪ܹ͸΢˫֣˷Ķߡ
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һ֮ҹǲֻ֪ʥһ
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һж˲֪ƣһΡ
ˣʱһжϾ㡣
˸һ㡣
ǾޱһⲻĵһҲԲְҵһ񣬵ǰɱˡ

ǵһ仰ֻˣˣŮ˺ͻʵۡ
ʵΪݣΰȨ
ܹ۲׽ϵһһۣ׼Ϣ˼
һеĶǱøӻȻҲҪҪڣӦúȥδӣ
Ĵǣ
ΪóĶóľǰɱ
Ǿޱʧҹɫ֮Уҹɫһһֻڹ˾ǱţԼĺ͡
ֳĻ϶ᾪڵĶǴ˵еİһ
һСѾķţӳ֮Եòƽ
ǾޱԼûôʱڹ˼Щڵ֮ء
Ψһ㡣
⹷ʵ۸Ͻȥ
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Ĺâʱİ
ãϨеĹԴĻһ֡
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˾Ͷڴ齵档
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ܹįһ
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ѵǵֶҲ̫ʧ˰ɣ
欵ٶȸ֡
˵ǵļƻĻ֮ǰҾͲӦȥˣʵ̫Сˡ
Ǿޱ˵仰֮󣬻Ϊʶ˼
ϻûüһѾĵ¡
붼亹ð
ںڰ֮ѰˣٶΪѾǵ˶壬û뵽ԶµİɱߵĶӵĿ죬ƺһеĶȫĹЮ
ǽ𣿲Բᡣ
Ǿޱڹ֮ûκεĹ
ǽƵһ壬ȫȻΪԷûİɱ˾㡣
ʵһֱڵȴһ֮ǰһСʧ󣬻ǾҵļţչҼʱ򡣡
Ǿޱֳ޹ɫޱذѵ˳Ѫɫ̽š
ͬѩһƮɢ
ǾޱȴһĮ͸¹΢˸ļǡ
ܹǰŮӲ˼Ŀ⣬ĳ̶ֳȡԼ
ʲô𰸣
ǳЦһ޵ķ£ɲòϡ
˵Ļ
ܹ澴ηѲߵǵĽ̸ѹúᡣ
ǵģôΨһ뷨ΪҽΣܽжǺǻΣԲܹ֪
ǰɱǱʵĶԼ
ⶼҪˣ˶ԵõǸĿλá


494 

ĳЩʱνһΪ
鶯ˣǾޱɱɱ˻ϣıˡ
Ѿ˶ѸٵĽЮסܹĶѸٵĴŶԷ
Ǿޱܿ˹˫մȾѪҺ
˵ǵĻҪ츲صı仯ˡ
ƵЦ˼Ŀ֮дѪ
һжһ
ߡ
ԭԶһصĵطһըҵ̻ٶȵĸ֣Ѥõա
ɽ֮ơ
벻̲ĸƻһȻȴû¶κεı顣
һЩ־ȫĵ뿪޵֡
ӻлȻĻ
̶ʱһзĶһ㣬Ѿ޿ˡ
лʲôأʲô鶼ܹġ
Ǿޱصҡҡͷ
ƿ
δ
ھӸµһУܹ¹֮£Ѿ͸Ļȴûиֳκεı롣
ĻҲ֪᲻ᱯһΪȨĸϵٹ⣬ȴڴ˿ûں
Ȼ㲼õľ֮ǰг
⣬ǰҡҡͷ˱Լ
ҲҪ̫ġذһ͸¶ɫ·΢˼һҲֻһһĲ˼飬ʲô𰸶ȷġ
Ǵߣ
ܹ֮΢Ĳƺǰĺܳди
֪
ס֣ߵĶߣû뵽ӼֵԽһȫΪġ
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Ҳû뵽ԼĹ裬ôãɹǰٷ֮ٵĴûκεķӡ
ȻûõĻֻҪѻйǾͳ׵ˡ
൱԰̧ͷ
ҾĿ治Ϊļ֤ߡ
˭治飿Ѧ͵ݵĹүûи״ǱѾ
̺֮Ҳѵõĸֳ˾ɫ
쳺ûг˻Ѧ
ЩԻ󣬱ϾԷʱ֮⣬ЩУͻȻĳ֣ٻ˾ã
ǵֶεĻñĿ࿴͵˽ɡ
Ѧ˻䣬һĲӾͳ
ܣ
ס֣Ը⿴ֳıݵɫ
ͬʱҲץס֣˽ĻӦš
ϽܣܵԽԶԽá
ȻѾ˲ӣûнӦĻ˵Ѿˡ
ֻʣΪ˵Ϊʲ̫ʣܺܺó̶ϵ֤ڵ״ֹۡ
̶žͳĹٷУһЦ
ΪٶȺܿ졣
ؾʱһȻԵãҪϷѦ
û뵽㻹ֱ£ֻǰʱСˡ
쳺ûг֣ǶԷݵλѾԤʾһ㡣
ڳѾûǸɣ㶦
¹˭ֻѵ˵Щص㡣
صǡ
Ͻ뿪βʲô취
ʮƣΪϲߡ
̺ƺҪʧһƬڰ֮Уڰ̫ãâЩȣҵ飬һмڸǡ
˵һЩ𣿲Բᡣ
ͬ˴𰸣֧ĶֵǣֻǱе
һһεĹǲӦ˿ǵͷϷ
̫ܵ͵ȥ
뵱뷨
̫͵й棬·ߺͲΪϤġ
ûи߶Էһ㣬̫͵滹ܵ
ҾǷֵȽϺãԷֿӦ׷ǵѹֻҪ̫͵ͺˡ
̶ʱ⣬ȶԷӦֱӵܵһط
ܣ㣡
һжΪΨһ᳹Ժ֮УΨһĴ𰸡
뿴һӼᶨģûκεĲ̡
ǶԷѡ
κεֻͬǲı֡
Ƶҹɫƽһƽ͵Ĺֻ˺ѵ֪ĽѾȫı̻һˡ
ЩѾʼվӵľǣڿʼΧǵ
һû̵սٶȱ졣
ʱûܹѡ


495 

ڲֻ롣
۳ȹƮɢλȣѰ׼ùʮ꣬ѲмͰҰ֪̾ںδ쳺ż
߲
û𣬲
ͷҲ֪ûʯ塣ѵÿ佱۳Ź
¥̨ؾӰ٣ϸ΢ѳ̣ڶ׼ͷѪɱⰻȻϬ
̴Ӳ֪Щ̱Ӧǹe˿ȸ˹ﲨ˹èſû䡣͹ߡ
ӣèɣż¶һд⣬쳺Ҳǲ壬˯쳺Ľűߣְڹǰ
Ƶشź࣬βº쳺
̡
ǵã˵ҲЦè˰ȣѣȴǵۿͨͨһƬļٵؽڻeèҲǵһĨһ졣
һèһһޡ
ֻ쳺ϲЦտСذè쳺eƣ˵һ׽һף˵ڹҲиӦ
䲻֪뷨ˮһһһӦԹϲèˡ
ȳȣҲ˹èӡ
ȻļǵöԷȻдʣǽ룬¹ɢγ
ǴϰƲֱ֣̼ңתצƲ֣ܾèĹĵذѹһ˦쳺èãβ
ֻˡ
ԣ֪飬׽Ǽб󡣵׹䡣𷽲ܼ鷢֧޾ȴȷȻ֡
ǵϰѹϣϢƾбȻ׼Ұ࣬һģǵȡһŢ棬̹ǣͷ㶾⣬磬Ƴա
®ײȻȻҹĻǺ޹⣬ӿŮȹӰӯӯ쳺̿ˮմϮ
ҰŮһ֮޴룬ʯ䣬Ůѡһʶ΢֪е㺦£ٵץס쳺䣬ͼžΡҡ
ȵϢڱװϣ̳紺ˮӳ滨䡣׷ȷڡ
٬ߣһᴩ˺ŮֺµĴϢ޴ԼеġΨһǼɿǽҡӲӣǿ쳺Ķ̽
ԴΧǰ࣬СмһˣȨǡֱ࣬˶ڣСģŲѶѪǰޒ߷ڵأնݳֱѨѪҺ򼴽һڵشʤ̡
꣬˵ĺü١
չңжҪ߳ӵأͲϥ翽⣬ȣһ
ѽлƼʸüץ㵶⣬ΪƼ磬Ԥ״˺ߣֱ׷ߵࡣ
ͷ˼Ʋת̣乭ᣬԲͷԼһп
ԣƽ£ֱҪ۶󣬿쳺üͷ
˶Ĳ٣ڼʸѿգҲʣ޼˦¼Ͳݸֹ̣ȭ
обѪУײСֲŹκλᣬץ˳䲻óãعԸССϺãͱСɽ¹ʤѩ
ĬĬظ̾һ
ʱŮ߾纣ģԱţĿ̧ʪ͸ִ̹סͲ´ӭ磬ٿΪã֮ʣ⡣̣¡
޿ˣȻ¡
ʱ
ֵˣҪһ쳺̽ԶԹǵһΡ̲ġ
ǣһжˣеĴ𰸶Ļϣ˷츲صı仯
쳺ޱ飬ڵȽ죬ôˡ
£ϤϰԵ㷽̤߲׽Ӱͷӵ
ˡ
һشȴܵıӻ졣
ҪҲܣҾͲܣʲôʱôˣ̫ˡ
һţһ߼֪ΪʲôܹܵԷķŭǾöԷڷˮ˵оȡ
Ŷ룬Ͻܡ
̫͵Զ߽ǰó˰̵ٶȣȴ̾һҲ֪Ǹʲô־ͻȻ˹
Ĳ̰


496 ӣ

ʹֹͣڽҹͻȻı
ҹɫӳ֮ϡ
һһֱǿԼ侲Ƕĵط
̫졣
ƺ׼͵Žա
Ͼ˵Ļϡ
Ƶҡҡͷɫã˶ΪƫƧĻʹ֮Уʲôæﲻϡ
ҪǴ˷
Ӧô죿ǵ취ӳʹѾ˷
̵ͳѹֵУҲǸ취ԸϽҵ·ŵġ
΢ɲĵ˵ͷͳһСصĻһΡ㲻ɫصźڲѵķ䡣
ģǵͨġ
ԶմȾĮȴڴʱ͸¶ˣ޶˵ķ羰ĿϾӣٿ
һԲСҲΪԼĶѲߵʿǡ
һССĹ
ȵһȷ˻صĿ֮󣬱ǽɼ𣬳ĴˣʲôûС
ס֡
ҵĺ棬Сһ㣬ȷûзأΨһܹӳȥ·ߡ
ĵ˵ͷ֪ûô򵥡
һƿһשƵ紵˳֤һͨȻĻֻ
ֻšһ˲ǰš
ǰ˵
ںšʯשģǸƽء
ֻ΢¶ȣǻѪҺ¶ȡ
ϽϴĻ´п˵һоһ¡
ѦҲᡣ
̫ƽ
ʧ޵Ĺӳġ
Ѧ쳺˼粢ǻеλӳģһƬ
ѦЦЦѵõĴſ⡣
쳺ȴ˵ɬҲ֪
𣿡
̡
Ѧһ뵽Ůˣ;ôϣԼĶΪŮ鳤ױ
ĸϣĻȻǻģĸԸĻҲ죬ѵĸ󻹾л𣿡
һ˵ʵҲģǵЦյĻȣڵҹɫ֮неЩ¡
Ѧ֪Ϊ飬ԹԼȻ
ΪԴи𣿱Ϊá
ÿһ仰Ƿĵӣһһεͱš
Ѧ˵ݣʴӵҡҡֻ֣ǰһһʵ۵ȼն
ԩͷծһжʼգ㣬ϣλҲҪ֡
Ķƾʲôϻλһ뵽毺õ
쳺ںЩ
ǸܿƵ𣿡
Ķ仰ָ̧޽̫Ѩ𵱳ԼʱϽɫڣǻĬԼšüһѵӡ
Ҳ֪˾ܹܲӵù׷ץ
˵⣬ġ
ѦԽ˵ԽͣÿԽײͬ
쳺쬵ЦĸΪвҵĻĸҪʧˡ
ȷֵ̰˼ǰ꣬Ըֱӵ򲻿ɵ͵ء
Ѧȷʥһ˲䣬͵͵ķּ⣬һҪ˳֮졣
ġ
ǰĻ䶼ǼٵģŮЦ绨ӣǰʱʱĸš
ֿɼòӦþʹ˻Ͼ㡣
Ѧһڤ粻ģҲΡ
ĸȴʲôܲסĻǾûʼҵ˿ɲܹĴ
һ仰˵ĳ
쳺ȴͻȻĴЦһȥ֣ԼĸһöӣҪʱ򣬾Ҫ벻Ҫʱ򡣾ֱӰ
Ļ˵ǿЦ
ĸ˵һжܶԣֲĸĻҶû뵽һԵٶ
ΪбѡΪλ˲ܹȨ֮ǰѡΪ̫֮ʱûȨ
ɫˮ
ѦҧгݵԼ⸱ģʹļס
ȴ޿κΡ
һлΪã˵ûбΪ·Ļ㻹нյһ𣿡
һأֻΪҵȱκô򵥵ĵȻǡ
ͷҲصؽһˤڵϣȥҲٹֱӵ뿪
磬شȹڡ
ѦȴȻģȵȽȽվž΢Ļһ㡣
ζȷĴ𰸣ô֪ȥȷ;
ˣѾ˲ˡ


497 

֪ڰ֮˶ãΨͨͨǣһ·ûߵͷ
ĳһԲΰť
һֱӵס̵֣˵ˣǳˡ
ĵĿһΧΣҹɫֵĶװף˭û뵽ڻʹһȻֱӵĳ˽⡣
Ӧô죿ûڻʹǲĻ϶ֱʱȥѲ飬үѾждˡ
ݲȵĵ˵ͷ˵Ļһʱĵ뷨
һ㲻̫ϣֻкúõϢ
ûòŵľǳڣȻڽһСͥԺͥԺĶ£ֻĳС
ҾȻû뵽һʹʱ򱾾뵽һܶԲԣ
ĵ˵ͷ˫һԲȦ״ȻڿХϤİ׸ӣµķɻǵߡ
΢и˼֣
Ϥֽ֮ддд־䣬öֻ֪֪ô򵥡
һɫȴ԰ޱȡ
һˮһͰˮԼϵӻѪõĸɸɾ
ȴ뷨
̶Ӧô
ãȻ޴ҡҡͷڻò׼˼
䡣һϣǻȻصϡ̩ȻҲ뷨غ쳺˶ڻʹ棬½һȷѪꡣ
ƾüͷΨһҵľ鷢չأ뿪Ҳкô
뷨侲˵ȷӦ̶˵ֻǻزȥˡ
ֻܹϣءܹɱһС·Ļ컹ܹصء
¹ǰĵ·ȴûܹԤ쾿꣬Ƕڵȴǡ
;Ȼͬ˵ھڸʱܹ˯ȻѣĴ˯Ŷһּ尾
ɫ
ִߵ˲ڡ
ʶ˳ȥ߿ˣż裬ļ⣬ڳ̫֮ԵøѤá
˵Ĳ۶ϾսȻͬһȼ֮ϡ
˶˱
ôôˣٶ˯һ
ǡҡҡͷͳһԵ˲ͷϵĺ
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ǸӦΪһ
ҲԼĿ
һжүġ
͵ЦЦ
ĽĶӼ򵥡
ȨĶΣǶᣬһƺ̫ǵϡ
ѦȻܹڻϵ޹֮ҵһʥּһڴ֮ʥּ
쳺̳лλ
̵ɴ˫ۣġ
󱳷
أôͬ˰ɣҲ֮ǰôľ֣Ȼ׾ٵ飬Ĳš
˼飬Լ¶ȴ޿κΡ
Ҳû뵽Ȼǻһ֣ܿ˱顣
ȷˡ
ϼݱǴ֮еĴ£ǰʲôΣţ쳺Բڸλʱʦֵ顣
֪ˡ˼ĺܿ죬֮ǰЩµѾճԲΡ
б뷨
Ѿ֪֮ǰɱ˾ıġѾʵԵ֤ݣԴΪҪЮΪ˱ܣ㲻ͬλ飬Ҳͬλ顣
ҲΣҲΣ仰̡̫
벻ɲ̾һˡκ˶ŲҲ֪Ǻǻ
ȥɡסֺǰĳŵһȴЩʹ
ůǵϣȴ˸ޣ
һֽƺ˶ݵľͽõ͡
µĻصȴܹܵһգ֮ǰĽʶԶ޶ȣһж˾㡣
ţӰĴԺۣȻת
ۣΣ䱯飬ԸݡϵĹӰǳǳ
ƿһģͥԺݡ·ǰһжǱιƽҿ㾰µ̻¶ǰɣɨܣһɫ
ƮţҶ׷׵Ĵ£ʼΪТ
ϼݱʽ·ͻȻеĺܿ죬ҲȸϽȥһүﻻɥȻٽ˻
ˣڲһ٣Ǹսʱܹյ۷׷Ŀ⡣


498 ݱ

ôڲŹѵһִ綼𣿡
ǾʥδĹضĺ
֪˵֮ǰΪǶ˱ң˵ĻҲǡ
ǵ̸ԽԽ޼ɵ·Ϊ˵ֵɡ
ڹƮɢĶһƬɫĻ
һһƮ䣬ĵһ
η壬ͷҲصǰߣ˵˳ɻòȴôһĨʡ
뿴ɫı仯ЩĬ
ȴֱܹӵı¶һִ𰸡
ҡҡͷûжһжκεĽѵİ취
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һׯȴֻкɫľͰɫѩһӳţ·Ϊһεıʹ档
վ̨˾쳺
δԼôһ졣Ŀ⣬ܽؽһġ
޼ɵ
Ȼг־Ŀһ㣬İŮ˺˽ţȻܾķʽ۲Ľá
·Ը˹ȥ
ܵ͡
ѦЦĸӵҪǹ˼ڵľƣ¾Ҫϲüˡ
֮ôãڻҵ̫λӣ㣬Ҳû뵽нɡ
ЦţƺһеķȫĹС
©ŹײĽ뿪Ҫ֮Уȵһߡ
û֪Ǿһ״̬˯ţֻǸԼҵһڣȵۻܺá
Ų԰ɫȹѾСĹȥ
ԵĿŵսľѾԼԽԽЩɻͷŶԷ
Էֻ˵ʥּ
̶̵һ仰ܹеĻȫĸ⣬û֪Ӧνһ㣿
̵ͷûж˵ʲôĻ֪һ޷ȥ˼иıһС
뵭ļ
쳺ҪЩʲôʱö֪ܹܵõļС
Եȡ
˱Ȼһ֮
̻ͷ룺֮ǰûô򵥣Ŵµġñ˹϶б顣
ܹ˼򵥵ĽԷʲô뷨֪ˮĴ۾գȴһĺ⡣
ļ磬ָĳ·ŻԼ΢ĺôһ㡣
һڹ㡣
ʹһƬϢܲܲ˳֣иĶӡ̣˵ŵһɳϢ
ϢȻͬϹرϤ
֮ǰϲѬ㡣
쳺˵ûκεĻأֻǵŶԷѾ˷츲صı仯֮ǰȻͬ
ʥϡ
̧ͷúìѾ㲻ɵͣûκأȴ
֮ǰܹϣܹܻʹѵů
ǸЩ۰ʥѾڻгߣ͸Ҳ
쳺ҪЩʲô
ҪΪ֮ǰҵһʵɵĻҲˡ
Ը̫ĵ侲һжδ֪̫ͻأĽӴĻ»뷨Ըˡ
ںҡ
쳺ԴˣѾ޵ϣΪһƺֱ˵ľ룬û뵽
ֻİŮһԸЩϺκεľ
ʥͿ̶࣬Ҷ˵ʲô̶֪ϵ˼̶
˵ʵһжĸԸĳϣط
Ҫȥ𣿡
롭
һʲô˼
̲ŵЩ֪롣
ѾΪ˽쳺䵭ޱȣƺΪ۷Щҫ
֮ǰȻͬڵĮ侲
֪ģЩʲôӦס쳺ԽĽϾȻûۣϵĹڸǲסġ
ǰƽҪ֣û뵽Էֱӵһ¡
üͷѯһ䣺㾿ҪЩʲô
ҾҪЩʲôѵ㻹ҪĴʼվһ˶ѡ
͵سȴľ·һжΪǰŮòͬѰִţҪץסһεʹࡣ
㾿ܵȥ


499 ִ

ûڹ㣬˵˵ǲҪӵĵطȥ˵仰ѵ㲻úЦ𣿡
ǲԸٶΪЩľĮ
쳺ѵõľԼ޷ڵ⸱ģһѾ츲صı仯ôȥᡣ
ȥҲòԼҪĽ
ѵνĴ𣿻ǺЦ˼㡣
̿ɫҧ˴Ժ󣬺һ
ǰϢԽŨأ֮С·˵ݵģƺƳɫ
ʵһжб仯ĻΪ㻹ҪִЩһȫԭѵ𣿡
쳺ԵޱߵЦһ
㰮Ĳң㰮ֻлλѡ
Ѿ˻λѵʲô޵òģ
Խ˵Խʧ֮ǰĴݲȾ֮͸¶ɫǳտġ
ԸȥֻЦЦ
Щʲô
̫棬ȻνȨʵϣνȨܹκ飬һ£еİ鶼ܹһ˵֧𣿡
Ըֱӵİֱ͵ȴá
̶Ѩˡ
еĴ𰸾Ӧô죬˵Ҳһ㣬ʵҲҲʹǰࡣ
ǲԸԹԾͷˡ
쳺Щʧ䡣
˵ġƣ뿪ʱȴ˵ĽûκεĽԷ׾ٵİԼߣȴʲôϢ
ӲӵĹâ׺ʵƬ֮ϣȴһ絶ʹУҵǻһѤõš
Ѧƺȴˣͬһɫѣ˴ȴһֲͬϢ
ĺׯѦɫ£ȴһֵĸо
Ϊ٣ı鶼Ϊϲöȼ
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ѦҧгǿԼ侲һ仰ĵĿ̣̲Ϊ̧̧ü
⻰ʲô˼
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ûĵ˵ţûԼĽ̵ĶӣԼĶӻ㵹ͬһŮ˵ʯȹ¡
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Խ˵ԽԻ󣬷⽨ǷǰŮ˶ȵ˽ŵ£û˻ŮԻʲô顣
ЩҪ۵ġ
߲ƽľǲˣǱ˲ǰȫģͳߣͬΪŮԡ

ѦĬﾹ˵ĺܶԣǲԸϺԼڶ˵ԴǵĻЩܲˡ
̿˼ģֻǵҡҡͷֱӵĺ
ԼеҪӼ򵥣ûκ˵Ѹٵ뿪˻ʹ
˳ͨѤȺɫͬһŵĹǽܹԼ˾ǰ
һѽӵ뻳һֻס֡
˵Щʲô飿
ǵĿ⾶ֱʶˣλεĽǡ
ϦѾͬա
֮ǰľ֣ȫ̡
ƺţ쳺ҪЩʲô
ף
ǲ㡭ֹû̽ǹУ·ôܹ̲ôһ㡣
ѣס䡣
ӵϣǣͬʱҲ֪鲻Ϊ
ǻΪǿ뵣ҲԼɣѵֵزûܹ֮ìܣһ
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ƣĵͷ䣬ûж˵̫Ǽ£𰸡
µ֣ԣص䣬үǷ֪
˲ҲҪˣΪǵ֮һ뵽֮ǰĽźͲ׵и
ҡҷǵ졣
Щ۵ĿԱߣŵƣ
һһһȦһȦΧ֪Ӧβܹһ֮Ժ
ܹƬ̵İõİ취
븧ĳӽ˯ȥģ
˵Ҫôǣ֮ǰڼʱ쳺һһλ
ҲΪЩϸ˺ǵֵ꣬쳺䲼ģּһֵʱ֪һȴеô
쳺˼Ѿٶˡ
ⲻʲôͷ
봹ͷĶͷӡһǳǳǡ


500 仯

ʱ䣬㹻ӿı仯
쳺˳λ֮󣬱Գ͢ʼ˴Χѣ֮ǰϢϢصĳȫĸ
Լš
̺յһ𰸣⡣
ͬʱһۡ
ûô򵥣ȻѾ˶һǽˡ
ŵ˷ζͬʱʼʰ׼¥
ڵһӣû˸ҺǽӴǲҪˡ
ˡ
üͷ赭дһȻǻʹ̫һŻϵʥּ
λεĹâѤõ֮ⷿС
̴üͷ
ΣĹͷ쳺µһּ⣬϶ûô򵥡
үּɡ
̫ݶżֵĵɫԿڴҶ֪ǲϲǵġ
Ĭüͷȴġ
ˣʵگԻлֺТΣˬӢˣ޿ֻŲ֪룬شƥƽǧ
С̫ž˵˺ܶࡣ
һĲΪģôʱЩûô򵥡
ĵȴźġ
ͬǹڵذϣϸ̫ʹ͹Ľֱ
һƿ
õԤдſȥʱϴ͵Ķʹʳ֮Ķ
ؼʱ̡ƣ鲻Խ󵽶֮Ķ
ϲү
̫ЦǺǵİʥּתݸǣȻ䣬ѾǱŸո˵ЩʹƷ˹
һжûʡ
ǰڷһƿơ
롣
һ̧ĻȣоЩüͷϸĶһ̲ΪЦЦ
ѵʥϻּ⣬˵Ʊǰꣿ
̫Щεĵ˵ͷ
е£Ѿʡ
ͨƵĻòôѾǺȥһֻһ֣ҪһĽڰɱ
ԲŻᴦĻǽһŵĽڡ˵ѵõƣҲܼ򵥣ֻΪɱˡ
ס֣ƺлؾء
ּĻǾǴ󲻾ǺⶾơʱûðգٲףԷµʲô£óȻʵ̫ðˡ
쳺϶֪ó¶ҩҲ
ֻüͷ˵ݲȣҪƣҪӦڡ
Ϊ
̫æ˰֣һƿƶ˹
үϢŭֻǺһĨ̱Цݣʥϻֵ֮顣
˵ֵزҲԸٶΣЦЦ
̸֮ǰžӨ͸ľƱһơ
ȻѾ̫¶һĨթ΢ЦүɲҪƲԳԷƣʥϸּ⣬ҲǸүˣҪִԲĻ
вмЦһû뵽Էְ취޳ֿɱ
쳺Ҫֶֿΰ˵·
ھ֮УǾԲġ
롣
д㣬־ܣģվǰֻס̡
̫Ҳƺ뵽ˣĮıȻƣȻ㿴Χס
αؾƲԳԷأүչԹԵغⱭƣԺҲúи
Ҳ˵ģҲÿ㣬ִԲĻүҲµõʥϾĿ̶Դ㡣
Ȼޱ飬ǵĿת̵ʱ򣬱¶һĨζĹ⡣
˼
쳺ȻϾɱ»ǶԼ飬һݸڵ
ԹԵİ߷ŵԼǰԼвõĵȻ˵⻰̣ʵȷʵˡ
ģʥּζ㡣
ۿһ죬ܹܱФԼŮˡ
Ȱʿɶֹ
ЦһĳĻʿƴ˵ƣȻȲԲΰΧ롣
Щƥµġ
ִ̹ҡҡ̧֣ͷ­һĵ̫ࡣ
쳺ֻ˵ЩĻôɲأˣҲĹ
һһ˵ᡣ
ߵ֮ʱҲַ顣
ǻϣʲôòأ
ֹسһټɫʱúѿ
ȻǾƲԣԷƵĻôͲҪ顣̫ڤ粻ӣ޿κΣҲ˵סһ˺


501  

һڵսʿǻƲĹ򿪡
Сġ
ֻӽֱӰѼΣﻤ̡
ͬ뷨֪쳺Բ׵ķŹǣǺҲ׼˺֡
ǵĻҲﱣǵİȫ
Ȼ˿ЩҪҪ뾩
쳺ǲ׵ķŹǵġ
һߣ
̽ץסļ򣺡һǶҪһߣӵĺǣǶҪһ𡣡
һ˵һߵͷڵĹȻʿǶҲڴ˼Ҷ֡
ͬõĵطԷԽǺ˺ԼԽǾԼǿõĶơ
վǰɱΧһСĹ˳ͱʿš
ΪʱûеӿԭҲܼ򵥡
ʿǶ˼Ҷϡ
̫࿴žƷı仯ﰵ̾һҲ֪Ǻá
ȻͬΪּԭš
̷ͻΧĻᣬԺѾ
ŵѰһʵӿ˳ı֮ɱʳǣһеսᡣ
ڿȻͬ
쳺ΪǿҪһ󲻾һлνĽ֣ҲǳӲġ
죬ˣˡ
һ
ʱ䣬˵˵Ҳ̣ȻʱԸ쳺дϢأưɨڳ͢ϵϰ飬Լš
뵱ȻҲʱ䣬ԣĽһеĺȫĴãǽҪĲƲԴȫתƵȫĵطȻϵޡ
ھ֮Ψһõˡ
ͬʱҲڽ֮ɢһЩϢ
ҹӰҹͬٵĸ˾ڰԼϵת
һӣ޿ɷϡκ˶Ҫܹȡ棬ͬʱҲҪˣνʾֻҪˡ
˭ҪһүҲ֪˭Լĵģ˭Լαġ
һ˫н
ȴõǡôɨһеϰʾڳ֮бֳҵӣڵȣһǡôʱ䡣
쳺ȻΪǻᴵ˽ĺŽǣⲻ֪һвŸոյĿʼ¹˭֡˵ء
޵ĵǲڻ֮£˳һлûн
ǵ֮òŸոտʼ
ҹӰʻһ·ǰţͷ۵Ҳܷ˳뿪
ܹ뿪𣿾֪հĿǻϵˣԸһѪսˡ
쳺Ҫ벻ԴУǲɵڵìܣ֪һȫҪһı
ӣҲֻӡ
侲ĵ˵ͷĮĴǡ
׼飬Ȼڽյܣ׼ջġ
һЩţ˻֮ѵãº͵ĵ˵ͷȻеҪһ㡣
һͷ
ŵġ
СƿܹƵнţȻ˳뿪һ̫򵥣ϡ
ô
ЩãȻ֪ţһԷ絭롣
鵱Ȼô򵥣Ҳְ֪ģյ飬ҲյѾƻˣһ˽յġ
˳뿪ԶԶĳ˵Ԥϡ
ҹӰҲһʻһ·н
쳺׷϶׾ٵķŹǣһ·ںʱܣֶ룬û߽ңֻеȤ
̣һЩסãȻ޴ģԼգԼе㾫
ϢĻͺúϢɣﻹбӰܹúñġ
뼫ļʾԺúһ
ҹӰһԿȥһ߼ʻһε˵ô޼ɵģĲҵˣŲֱӰǶĽҰģǸιǡ
ǿɲһԼ˯ۣӹ˻⣬Լ˷һЩ⻰˵ĺˣȥιǣҲҺүʳˡ
˵Ӧ¶һĨ۵Цݡ
ҹӰЦһ֮ǰŵգɢ
ֻ
ųǰԴסͣת
ôˣ
ƿ˴ϸоһӳһӺעĿľԱߵĺѪվڻĺǶš


502 ͱ

һЩΡ
ҹӰҲ֪Էǵѡֱ˳Ĭ
⣿
ȵĴǺʶ
ҲҪôţġ
͵˵š
Щ˼Ĵεͷһ˺ǺǵЦһ
ˣǵ˺þãڰǸȵˡ
ƽµģµһ
ҲпļΪǰͨ籨ţķȰһж滮õĻĽչҲûеô򵥡
Ĵǵ䣬˵ʵڻǶܲκº͵Ϣ
Ǹǵһ·߾ͺáȻ׼ʳʲôġ׼ĺúõģҲǺѪ㹻Ǹʱˡ
˳ᢵģ뵽ļƻЩͬ
Ҳ̫ðˣʻǵԻ쳺һ£һ˵Ļĵλˡ
ͬĵ˵ͷ
ҿûôɵ޳ǲ˼ЦЦʵѾ׼ˣװһģһȻ˲ͬˣʻȥ˲ͬĵط쳺ôҲ벻һȷģҲ֪ǾҪȥ
Ц¶˽׵ݣͷζˬʣӡҲκεĲ
̳˵ͷġ
Ȼ˵ĻҲҪ޵һǲһ£ȳˡ
뼫֣صĺ˻֡
һҲ֪²ٶ
ǣнԶӰ˼š
һУΪΪ׷͹ΪĿǸԶЦ绨Ů
ʹڸոնݵĽ֮УûжͷԼҵǵǵսľİͼȴ޷Ժ֮Ƴ
ƺÿһϸڸ
ȻѾˣһҪȫ˴󵨵Ĳƻ
ԼԼΪעֻϣܹȫ룬ôһжõġ
ҹӰʻҹͣıתš
ַĽмʻϵʱͽͣɭ棬ݵϢ
ѪҲ鴫ٶȺܿ졣
ֻ˶̶ʱʱ䣬Ǳ˱߾
߾ߣûκεı߽硣ֻܹήĻƲݴһͷӵһͷ
һ·ζ
̴һԾ£չԼ֫塣
ԼѾϱˣʱ¶޲࣬Ҵʱ̶϶ȹҲ˵ĵ׷ʱؿץԼÿ춼һ·ֱҪ˸ˡ
ٻϵͳԼһγҩǣСiȻĵıʾϵͳγҩֶ
ֻ̡ܹ
̵ڡ
ҹӰȻ뷨ͼصûдĻ߾شʻ·̱дׯ䣬ȥúһȻ취ͨ߹ء
ͨ߹ؿûô򵥣رء
쳺Ҳ׵ӳȥ
Щ㲵̣ͬĵ˵ͷ
úϢЩ취
װһɡգգԼˮĴ۾뷨
쳺ûпҹӰصװĶҲֻˡ
̶Դ˱ĵáŴûֶԶ˵ӡǴ̵ʼģҪıľЩ
ԼĴڸУԼͱ˲ûʲô
̼ȻѾ뷨˶
벻ĵȻӢգԾҪĸ
ҲŪֵز
̴Լİͳһ֧üʣСϵ˼롣
ĺмɡľǼܹݷ˷츲صı仯һֻüʣɨɨ۽ǡ
ŨصĺȦ˶Եɥ
üͷȥȻͭеԼʷ˷츲صı仯ڳӦı顣
Ǹƾɵһ
ͬǸķװһ졣
ҹӰһԿҲֺǺǵģ˭ܹ뵽ʳǵүھȻĲӣ·ãһһġ
˵ү±˶롣
ֱ̼׳˵ţͬҲŴЦ˼
ү϶ҡ
Ӧ̧üͷԼƵƷͬʱҲЦӯӯġ
ҲκεŭԼϱʲôǶԵġ
ֻǾĿȻʵô졣


503 

⻰˵ģͬʱȤƺǺڴ
̵Ȼ׵ǵԸ
̶֪ڴʲôˣҲŲ׵ԸԳأ
Ĺ˴ǣһĨЦݡ
Ů˶ǰԿ϶ĵط䡣
ҪҲÿĵط䡣
ǺÿҲк֣ܶЩÿ˾ٴгеĺÿòҲһһ־Ķǣ޵
ǰ˶͵һȥ仯ܹ۽ǵĻȱøԲ
һҸŮʵķԺ˵ʱȥ򼸼·ǾͲϵҡ
ҹӰĿɿڴġ
û뵽˻ôı仯̾Ϊֹ
ͬĳĵ˵ͷȻҲǱױ߳۷
νģʼ򣬾Ⲣûʲô˲ġ
ҲҪ̫Ϊڳһɫòãʲô˲ģֻǻһͣһױݶѣôǶһ
֮ǰ̶ĴϳªױѾ㹻˵ˣڿǲȻ
ڸֱеӡɵĳ
νʼ򣬷ҲױܹŮ˴ٵħ
ǲ֪ˣֻҪ֪ڻһ·Щ׷Ǿϲҵġ
úúã˵ĶԡӦܹǵʱһߣʱҲϲ㡣
ҹӰ޿κε˵ǲ֪һ¡
ͬǲš
ôҲѽ
ȴץסص㣬ѯһ
ʼʾԼҲ
£ΪĲ𣿱˵ͺˣǱߵ飬ڷͷ
˼ĵ˵ͷ鷢չֵزȷԸ
ֻǵֲֲܹĵطȴʱ
ֻҪʱȷǱܹ
ڣͽһеϣȫڴһ֧档
¡̺֪顣
Ҳ֪̫֪࣬ԽķҲԽ
ֻǵΪǵӵĵطܱܷͷȵնɽµĻصһ
ʶ
εܣһĴ֮н˵ϡ
쳺δúѹ֣˸ʽۣͼɢĲӵֽţǵⶼͳһġ
Ҳ䡣
ããã
쳺ȭͷͬľķչԶԶĳԸ
޿ͣζҪҵǣҪˣҪʬ
쳺Ƭ̵ԥüͷ֪Щʲô
̽Ѿͬˮһ㣬̽ѰŴϱطйǵĶ
ȻһȻõάǵĶٵĿǰΪֹʱûκε
ĿǰѾ̵̽ĶѾʣµڳͬķɵĽš
ܴ֮һֻܹķѴȥࡣ
쳺Ƶ̾һӳ֮£˵
ѵõƣ
ƣ벻Ӧֻ̺ʱû䣬ΪΣ֮͢ϣ˻ûվȽŸ˶ı˼
ʵϣʱһֱھ档
쳺Ҳ̰֮ͽ
飬һҪҲǸˮʯһΡ
˺ġ
쳺εı˱۾ۣټά룬ֱӰɱ˰ɣʬ޵ǰ
ϸһĨЦݡ
ѦһĻ¶οЦݡ
ڿȥˣôţȴڳһȰģ
̲˲Ѧŵϣϲ𣿡
Ȼĸָ⿵ģвϲ˼
˿ȥˣ϶Ľ˵ĸ
ʵֻе֪αȫĸ飬ֻΪ˱ǵ԰
ѦҪ̫ݵλӹ̡
쳺ͬʱڳǻǻȵʱҲ˻ʱάֱϵľأҲǵı˸һТ˳ڵ¡
׼ô
ѦĮĻ֮вκεУ·˵һƽС¡ȴѵõĿ⣬һֱȲڵţڵȵӡ
Ļӡڽ˸׵סֻĶЦȨ۷塣
Цݡ
ɱˡ
쳺ͬĮĸ𰸡


504 ׼һƻ

ʱݴݲȵʧĹȥ
ѵõ˯һþôõķ¶ޣòѰһׯһЩӣܹסһϡ
ҹӰȵ˯ȥ֮ͬʱĳԷ˵ĬᣬԺ롣
дǵһ˥ţ飬ʱҲûзʲô⣬Բס
ûô򵥡Ѿ鱨Ϣˣ˵Ѿɱ˼ܹٵˣߡ
侲ĵ˵ͷ
ֻһ·Ѿ㹻Ĳˣõ״̬ǲϰߣڱ߽Ĵ˽һЩϰףû׼
ͬĺȷ
˵ǶԵģֻҾ֮Ѿûʱܹȥ顣
ҹʲôʱܹˣǵúڱ߾֮ǰͻߣȥ֮ٺ̫Σա
ɫת˻⡣
ҹӰԵЩΪѣѾûнܵҹ¸ϢЩҡ
¹СĽ϶ʲôµģܹˣҲ࣬ʲô鵢ˡ
밲οļȻϣΪҾġ
һ·ֻǼܹǰߣҲ޷ͷ
峿ҵʹǻĽҰ룬ѵõΪÿ͵Ŷų⡣
̸һϴϣͿĻϲؿһ·

ģ
ŵȽŲǺܺãһ·˹ϽǰһסЩ·סҡҡ׹˵лл
ĻϲģҲѵõĴá
Ҫ߾ȥҪǻǱߵɫΣñ˻ɡ
һЩ·ΪǵʱأҪ˻ɣһֶǱߵɫΡ
Щ̵·㲻̴ԵĿ˼ۣȻ˸ʾԼȳȥѣⱻ׷֡
˵ͷڹıֳһ͵ģ˭˶²֥ү
ҹ
һ˹·
ǰһλӣӰȴ¶ɫ鱦ĶϣԵøӻ
һǿԼ侲
ϷһλĹࡣ
ͬʱҲڴһСӾ顣֮˵кܶ౼ŵͼڣţģ
Ҳǹҵͼں͹ҵϣ
·ĻҲģ𴽽ǣҪڳһ䵭ģȴԵø΢
չҪЩʲô
ȻҪͱһЭ飬һݵЭ飬ر²ܾҵһɡº͵ЦЦϹϾǰţһڣָԼļ
࿴⸱ģ⣺˶ãȻܹڣ
ȻûдãҲףµ۲ŴԣǿԶֵĺʱ򡣡
ЦЦµ֪ϾҪڣ쳺ֻҪԸҺֱӰ˽ɱ͸쳺ǳΪ֮һ׮̸
˵˻ʱݲȣĿֻһһԿס
һѸɵйԿףҲֿ֪
ҪɱڣõԿףõԿףиɵйʱ
ȻҲɵİ߸ࡣ
ǳǳ̧˴ǣȴԵһƬ͡
Ϊʲô鶼֪
վϸĴǰһӡ
֪ģ̤ұ߾һɲǡֵµİѾѺϢȫĶ߸Լ
ķˣ̹ϵǳȴķɱˣñôʲô鶼֪
ɫϵĻҲʽû뵽⿴ޱĹȻ֪Щ
ΨͼԱҲʲô֪֪Ķ϶кܶ࣬ǶԸ߸
໺̨ףʿҲǽĸ
֪Լá
Ĵڷٵת˼žҪ߷ٵϢܹڽŵա
Ӱƣȡ֮е
һͶģǵͷͷ
ǰ໺ȻˣҲӦ֪﾿жٵȨҵүүж谮
ҧгݣԲܰ׻Ľ鱦ˡ
ЦЦ
һʵͿԸԸˡ
ͿԸԸƸƽˡ


505 ˽

ݳݺɣȻǻߵһƬǲܹĳ
̻һѣű߿һο
ÿ֣صֱۣȻСش˹˾룬ɵ૵˵Сﰡ˵˵Ǿǲʲôˣͷβӣڶʲôˡ
̶ʱһ̽Լ𣿻˵̽Ϣ
СҲҪֻ̫࣬ǾһǾǺˣǲǺ͹ٸ֮ʲô᣿
ŵܳأȻһЩͰЦЦҲûеȵԷ𰸣㲻پ⡣
̳мĵ˵ͷȻǲȱЩҲŵһ⡣
ŶʲôǿĶ֪Ҳ࣬ǿͲѰ˼ҡµԼظ۹ϸĴţȷԺ̾ʵΪǰܹ̫ĴԸ׵űˣԽŻ㡭
ģʲôĻ˵ݲͻȻڱ߹صС棬˻Ҳ顣
ͬʱҲңֱӰѻ˵ûκεԥ;ᣬϽĵ˵ͷ
ʵ
ֱӴҪ͵Ļ
ûϵģ֪Ǻˣ⼸ദҲǷòʲôԣֻҪ֪һˡ
û뵽Էβ죬ȴ˵Ļ
ҪȥĻûҪථһЩǵķ顣ȻĻֳЦģر𽲾Ƚڡ
һĳظȻ˵ǵȥǰ棬ȥˣ¼еӶҪһģرļ׼
룿
ûر𽲾ͼڵͼ룬ڲٵĵط黹Ҫռ룬ռĴôģǾͻôȫҪԼᡣ
һ˵⣬Ż˲ıζ֡
ŮʲôεŮӣҪøʽɴԼסֻ¶۾
ȻŮ֮ǱҪŮɴӽн̸ֻȫŮԵ·ܽ⿪Լɴ
̽һһŲ˵Щ˵İϲЩʲô
Ȼһص㻰Ҳɵϲ⡣
ǶϲԼرİѬĶر𽲾
̵˵ͷʱȥվȽȾ͵׬Ǯ
ڷҪôܹزĵط׬Ǯƣڻǰ
кöʱ乩˼
ллˣɣúϢôϢ֮
˵⻰ŻصԼԺϢ˵Ǯ˼ֻѼ
׼͡
ҹӰҲԶ˹ﶼĹҵĴӣҲ֪װʲô
˿һֻһֻѼ̣ͬҲһЦ
ȥˣ
׼ͳԻһʳһЩرƷ׼ʱȥһӦ
ѯţЩѼ⣬üͷʵ⼸ûгԺã
ûгԺãʱԵ̫ˣֻոպŽʱṩ˺ܶйСϸڣⲻȥԾ˵ģ׼ٷ
ҹӰһĿû뵽㻹ء
㲻֪黹أԽǺúϢˣֻҪúƷζ͹ˡ
̵ҡҡ֣ȥæµˡ
ҹӰЩζļ
밡㻹пڸˡܹȢôõϱҲˡ
仹³ҴˣϱȥҰ
ҹӰɵЩʡ
ȴûж˵Щʲôļ磺㼵ȥɣҲò
ȵʱ仺Ծ硣һĲˡһش䣬ҿǵ̵״ԲһЩʳ
ʮɫķ˸һ˵ϣƮϢƮɢš
̱Ǻ׼Ŷû뵽˾տգЦһٿ䡣
ȢôͻݵŮӾпڸܹÿ춼ԵôõĶ
˵ĻҵհɣѾܾöû³ˣҲ֪ЩóԲóԡ


506 

һٷ˵ʱԵһٷˣ֮ǰڳϷ¶޵ģԲá
ֻܹ±Ѿǲ֮еңҲҪȥЩʲô
㷹Ҳ׼̡
ҹӰȴٳٻûеʱ䶼ûκѶҹ¡
˵õ죬ڻûеĺܵġ
뿴ѵøֳǵģŴǰο˵ʵڻ˭ܵѽô϶ܹѾһţʵڲܹˡ
쳺֣ò˼ʱпΪǵİȫбϣøϽ뿪Ҳðա
øô죿
ҹӰȴͻȻĻͷԼεĿ۸һԣһֱûж˵һ仰̡
̿һģҡҡ֣⻰ȷǣҲԸ˵
ǿ϶ԼĽҲҪ̫ڵģңȷܹٵˣŶѾֻûķ룬Ϣͨǲ֪ͨ
һ˵ͨ⼸̶֣޿κε̾һܴˣ˭û뵽ǣھȻΪ˹
ҹӰվм䣬ܾúΣԼͳ֮ĵһһ˳Ŀռ䡣
֪٣
֪Ķ࣬ҲûжЩʲôҺܹؼһ㣬ŮӶҪҪ塣
򵥣УʱǵȥͺˣɴĻӦС
Ȳݻ˵Ѿʱ䣬ǴȥĻ»и˷ֲԾ
ԵĸϽء
̵˵ͷ
ڶ죬һ磬Ǳŵ֮ǰٸһСƿҩ
ȥ߹ص·С壬˵ԶҲԶ˵Ҳе㳤ҪԽɽܹνı߹ء
ȴ侲Ƿɸ봫š
ݲȵĲŸЯţŸչҹµֱʣıԼѾȰǴ˳ص飬ģǿԷĳأٹ
̿⻰һ֮ǰĵ߹ǲĻʼնᱻǣҲûаܹڲͻ˳뿪
ҲˣѾдˣڳԺسǣǰˡ
ҹӰõϢ΢һ
˵ɣҲҪ̫϶Լ֮
̵һȷеĶڣ΢иĿ
һн죬ǲ˱߹ظʵĽ֮Ĵǰһ򵱹أĪ
ǰ಻ɽֻҪһ߾ߣԤʾ
һжµģµ;ʼݲȵĵϸոαͨص
عصĽֻǿһۣȻڴѾˣҪǶ鷳ܹ˳ȥ
ܹʿˣҲһ
ԶеҪ򵥣ȻҲҹ°ǡ
յͼ·ߣƽǾܹϡ
ҹӰڣֶ룬Ȼڳȥˣǲǻ׵ķ֡
쳺²ô׵ľͰǷߣԵСһ㣬νΪϡ
̵˵ͷͬҲǣ쳺Բ׵İǷŹڡ
̫ƽˡ
쳺ֶ˵ãҲ֪ģĻҲԲɵĵλǾʵģôһٶشʧ󣬿һ·ߵ̫ƽˡ
룬Щǣ鲻ô򵥡
Ҳ֮ǰĳƺƺ˴˵ı֮ǵĽչ
̳˵ģһ˫Ưѵõȥ
ס֣Ҳû򵥣һзչ̫˳ܾڱƲ
ĻȻ˭˵壬ܹĻһУǣ˳뿪ѵ
ҹӰȴû˵£ֺαؾЩֻ֪ڳˣòµ;ȥܣ˭һˣ˵֮ǰ͵͵İ㡣
Ҳпԣʱİ⻰Ȼֹˣûκε֤ݵ֮£κ˶пܰǣͬʱκ˶пݺǡ
Ѿ˵ļˡôǧ磬Ѿû˿ֵԼġ
һ;Ϊǵľֹͣ ֪ǣһ˫ɫ۾һֱעһУһȫӳ


507 ٻ

ȻԤϵǰ㣬ĲϼƮɢĹ
ҲǺòװɽˮģ˾ͽĴ䡣
ҽΪ
˵һССĳˣʷĵƹӳš
֮ǰ˷һ飬Ͻش˼ǵ壬ͳɫɴԼϣֻ¶һ˫鶯Ĵ۾
ҹ˵ׯеҪѽ
ҹӰ׼ҸСջϢȻ취ҹ¡
˵Ѿ֮ҲĳȴǣȻĻӦûһЩǡ
Ӧط˵
ǵҸջϢܸо˿ǵе֣ǲ˶Щ⡣
ΪĿ϶Ůӡ̵һʱ䷢ˣǸһ˿ԼЩ֣Сʾһ׼ҿջУȻٴӳ顣
ĿĿ⽻֮䣬ߵһԵĿջ͵С̸ü۸񣬸׼Ǯʱײ
Ϊ衣ҹӰҲһߵס̡
˶ܹᵽ֮УһɵѪζζϢڲͬѰͬʱɵĵġ
ʲô飿
̺գȴһС˹ʮңͷ˵װ͵ʿһɫ׵·ﻹų
ͬעӵǳʱЩǺ־һ˲һСӦþѲ߶֮Ĵڡ
㹻
ǺжΪߡ
գգ۾һСӵͷҲǴݲȵ˹ˣס彣Ľƺʱؿ﷢һս
ǴģҪȥ
һѯǶӳǲ黧һ㡣
̴ݲȵؽӹĻ⣬֮ǰѾԤϵѾһ˵ǡ
ҺɷǹѰ׵ģԱλɷѡ
ӳ˵ͷģǵӡ
ֻܹһ˫ˮĴ۾Ϊһ㡣
վǰͬʱҲǼסԼ裬ȫ룬¡ֻӳʺܺãָָ
ɷ
롣
ü˳ۣͻظһ仰
⸱ģҲǴڼʵʱֳĴģ
ԺΪǳɫݼԣ̧վһߵҹӰ
أʲôϵʲôʱʶģΪʲôǷһȥ
ҹӰָָԣӴǶӳƺ亦¡
㺦Щʲô㿴һŮӶûô£Щʲô
ҹӰֳˣһɪģ֨֨ص˵ҡǵѣҲ֪ҲˣѰ岻ãһôģô׵˾أıһˡ
ҹӰ˵ͻȻʲôƵģЦǺǵĴԼĿڴͳһɫСӡ
Ҳû뵽кЩ̧ͷһۣд֣֤ͨ
Ҿ׬һǮԽһͻһߴȥʶġ
ӳӹ֤ͨϸķһȷļ֮ǰÿһÿһ뿪ʱ䣬ƵʺģҵķŹǡ
ͬʱҲĶ˵ʲôҪһʱǣ
á
ĴӦһһɵվڱ
زģΣգ˵һ仰пܶ¶һʲô˵ʲô
һЩԵ뿪˿ƣǲų׵ķ
ҹ¾Щǻʱȥˣڵ֮ǰԼչ˺ãҪ˻Լϲеϲߡ
ոյһ־磬ǻصԼĶСĽһգ׼ȥҹ¡
ȴû뵽˸һ¥㿴һϮ°ɫҹ¡
ǲ֪һһĸγԱȣһտҹ£һߵ˷糾ͣһƣƺǱӣĥĲӡ
ˣǶ֪˶ˡ
ܱԹģȴŵģҲ΢һ
ҹµȻոĿȫ̱ʵľҲܶ˵Щʲô
ӳȨܶ˵ܶȥЩʲôȻĻΥȨ


508 ̽

ȥİɣվŵĻ˵Ӯø˻ɡ
ǻ˻֣߽Ǹոնķ档
һ˼
ҹһ˼ģ鲻ԽҪôüչģѵ۸ˣ
ֻǾе֣ôǸһ֪
⵹ûʲôľӲǲ̫һӿǵĶЩŰǵĻдССѲ߶ڲͬĵطѲϡ
ҹģһ˵ôһ£Ȼ⣬ǼΡ
㻹Ϊ⼸ʱʲô𣿿϶ǰ״ġ
ҹһһ佱ģ
뿴̵ֻĿ⣬̲סԴס
֪˲ˡ
ҹ¸߸ǵ鱨Ȼڴˡ
ȻǳĵΣҲŪľӲһ־־ԸҲԷɵľ䣬һԹҵٻġ
һЩģô۵ĻǾأ
ʱһε;֮ô򵥣֮ǰŴĲƸܹɽĪﻹʲôӺϢϢصĹϵ
ˣ
ڵֵı¶Ǻֻ֣Ҳĳ̶ֳϵıԼ
Ͼ֮ǰڳһȡһֵٵ鼱֮£ᱩ¶š
ѵһҪҵ𣿡
Ĳ֪飬һ±Ƶǡ
޿κε̾һ֮ǰ⻰˵ҹ¡
鱾ӦԽ֪ԽãǵŻĹϵ֪Խ࣬ǻԽп֪ܺЩ֪Щѵʲô𣿡
ҹӰѵõĳĬţȫϻģֻܹĬĬ˵һ仰ȴ˵ġ
ƺΪԼϽߵм䡣
ʲôҲ֪ҲҪ֪ЩʲôҲҪΪ鳳òá
ʹݣʵڲκε飬Ӱǵĸ顣
룬֪֪ĺΪǣѵܹסһʱܹסһӣʲô鶼֪𣿡
ҹ¾ǲϿϲ̵Ϊ
أͷһۣΪѵ̡
̶֮ǰӵģʵһҪĿΪȥǰϲӡں֮ǰһսɱǾСӣﻹܹھָӵĴ󲿶ӵĻ
˵Ű˴ԼĻʵǲԷôѹ
Ըһε֮һЩԸ˱˵ˡ
֪ЩӦ㣬һε֮Ѿ㹻ˣҲϣȥѹܹܲԭûаЩ߸㣿
͵˵š
ҹһûж˵ҲԼĿһֱıڹ֮˵Ļô죿
ȫһϵƣݲðепܴٳֻȥðա
ĵ˵ͷû뵽ôӣոһֱ۾Ӳʱ򣬱ܹٵĲ롣
ʵֻһ·ǵûһط񣬵ȵлɳˣɱؾֻû뵽黹;ϵ
һᵽĪȻһʹԭļɵʹ
ʹӣ
ĬĬķһʱö֪ԭ򣬿Ҳ޷ԼʹС
Ǳɷס
ŵס֣ΪΪԼ¶Էȼ
ôˣﲻ̶˵˵
ĿĻʹƽϢӿ𽥵ĻָԺȴ˸һЩ䣬һǵŮӣǺЦȻԶ뿪Ұ֮еĽĻ档
ʱŮӾ˭Ϥĸо˲ٵ𺳡
˭
գգ۾һʱĻָסǿʵĴ֣˻ﹴһĨ΢Ц
ֻͻȻе㲻˵ʱͶ̫ˣеûеڹ
ʱ֪ԭһۺνϲûκεĹϵҰһƿԸ
Ȼǵǵҹ´Ŀڴ֮ͳһɫҩ衣
ȥɣҩ̲ĵãúϢ


509 ¶

İҩȥ
ȥܹ֮ܵһůϢϣ˵ͷɫ΢ת֮ǰŲ԰ס
ҲͲϢˣʣµһΣң쳺׷Ҳˡ
ԣ֮гĶۡ
ȴܲζȻ֪֮϶ûʲôԼŮ˱˿ϻЩˬ
һģ鲻ѣ֮΢ķһ졣
Ͻһˮ
ǲңҲӦ
˵˼뵣ǵλε̣΢΢ҡҡͷȻûΪᡣΣ붼ԼļƻģǿȶԷ
֪һжԼļƻģҴɲˡ
赭д˵͡
ҹ¸һҩĺã˯һϣڶļµĸоѾڣоѪࡣ
ȴԶ뷨Ϊʲôһᵽᵽϲ¾ܹ˻겻أô򵥡
罥
ҹһ磬ڴƵƷζ͡
ֻһţ棬ȴԳŵȣ˲ٵŮһԹۿ
̺¥ʱ򶼱Ļˡ
˵ˣ缫京ôڿЩŮӶôš
һɵŶԷͬ㲻ʲô飬޿κεЦЦ
ҹ˹档չ¶һĨЦݡ
ҹӰվǵ󣬿һҲĿɿڴ
ֻ˵οǿˣԵҪϽڽӴǲǡ
ҹŴ˻ЦЦûж˵Щʲô
һߵĴҹǷ·Ϊ⻰뷨
ҲҪ룬ѾҵˣֵܺҿЦѡ
ҹ˵⻰ȥĴкҹӰεԼֵܲԸϽ飬ĺͷۣǳͷҲûκεİ취
Ҳ˸ԵͣĸһΡ
׼ô죿
ҹӰѹʵ´ݾߡ
̳Ĭĳ⽣һ仰û˵Σģ˵ʲôʲô
ȥʶһ֮̽ǰĴ˵ҵõ鱨ϲӵͷĳ½Ӧþڻʶ棬ֻʱö֪
ԽԽץ͵͵ĿһԱߵĴҹǣҲͬǴɴСİƹɴԣķ̫
оԼԸԵò̫ȡ
εʼҲ֪ô죬ֻܹӺһ⽣Ȼϸķһ
ȻĲҵԾΪᵽĴʾ䣬ԭ
Ȼ˵ĻϽߡ
ҹ²Ը̫áЩŮӿǼûһ׷תĳԲ¡
û뵽ȻΪţû취˭һһӣ
ں÷Ѿ˺ôĹ򡣲Ű⽳ˣǺǳЦӯӯ˵š
ȤҹҲûƢ
ôأҲӵġ
ĬذһˣȻ˵˲ǵһʱ䡣
˲
˲ôˣ˵ڹ׼ӦôҲҪ
Щǵ˵ںͼƻ֮еȫһڷ˸ı䣬ǲ˵ƻ⣬ƻٶʧ
֮ǰʧ󻹼
̽־ģһֻ֪ۡȥ£иƽ顣
Ƕûйϵֻ˵ҪһЩ˽£ϣܺһ˳ҲԱǡ
ǹڵӦô죿˭
ҹµѯʣεĲȥЩŮǷߡ
ͬЩգգ۾ڹڻ˭ֵ
ޣǲᶼ˰ɣмƻһ侲˵һʵѡ˲ٵıȨ쳺ҲҶදղʵԵ֤ݣҾպյģ֤ɽĻǾԲֵġ
쳺ļƻ̫ײԼֵˡԸѾһ
˼ĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ˿ʵҲʮֵҳϣѾԼͬһɱĻҲǷᱳѡ
˵رȨء
ȷһܺõĶ
˼գգ۾


510 

Ƕû뵽ǻûеȵ˲ţȥŬһ飬ȵĴеļƻ
֮ǰĶӳڣģЩɻ
صսСҩƷ¶ҪһۣȻסһ仰
ȻҲ޷ӶԷĿĵɱ⡣
ҹȺǽһȻ֪ǳԷӣȻԷģҲѵͬ
ǡ
ȵ˹һѳĬĿԭȵĻˣĲһֻɢķ˿
̲Եһ˫ˮĴ۾Ȼ·ķʽɻ𾪡
һ§סĬĬĲ˵κεĻȴŶӳģڸ֪ӳǷǵĲԾͼ
ҹɻڸЩʲôӳûǴĻûκȷ֤ǲƽģΥǵ³̡
˵ĺеݲȣɶϸûж࿴һۣЦЦ
춼Ǳȥˡǽ춼ˣһҪ롣
֪ԼǱ¶ˡĳĻһĨ˲Ͷӳһ𣬶ʣµʿŽΧס
һοɺ֮ǰһ
쳺˼ɣԼȴ֪һεս浶ʵǹս
һСԼͻ
Сƿ˲ˤ˳ȥ
ʿԽԽƿէɫɢ
ҩЧܿ죬ֻҪŵϢôͻ˲ε
̶ǳ˽ҩҲ⡣
ӳһۣԼľӣΪʧ˲ģûģ
ǱеҪҲû׼̣Ȱǻ־ܰɣĻһһ
ҹӰ˫С
Ļʵ̫ˣҪбµĻԿ
Ȼֻĸˣʮֵе
̾ĶƿӿѸٵĨɱЩССϺҲֻжӳ
ɶӳֻһˣˡ
ҹ˲վȻſӣǿоͱ˷
ڷ߻üִԲĻһ㡣
׾ٵĽĹȻ˵Ƕӳͷˣ书ܱȣ׾ٵľͽ˻ˡ
ӳĵǡ
ڴʱһӱҪ͵ϮۼֿѸٵķ֣СɫƿһңѪһ˲䱬ը
Ȱ侲һ㣬Ļͷ
̴ݲȵ˵ģСƿ֮ǰʵĻҩƿȻ󣬵ֱӵϣҲðС
ǣ
ӳԶԶû뵽Ǽʵ˸߳ҧгݣȴûа취
ʵо޴࣬޷ֲ
ҲܹĿҫ뿪
һȻ뿪ˣҲǺƽûô򵥡
ʱǻûб¶κεԷڣԾץסǵ㣬˭ͨ籨أ
̲ϸ롣ҹӰҹ£Զֵˣڸ֮лһͽֱҶ롣
ԸȥţԼĳ̶ֳϵʧһεı¶
Ҳ̾һǸϽߣһ׵ķŹңȻССϺ˶࣬Ҳһ鷳
ҹӰѸٵİѿջǼ˹˵ʵǣȥ
ȻȥʶǵѸٵҵףҵͲԣĻһս֮
̸ϽķԸ
һĶǵ׷֮üĻԵĵһγȥ
ӳȻҲǳص֮Ҳ뷨Ѹٵ˾̻лСԱס
˵ˣҲҪǵʬȥ
һͬʱüͷһ塣
ڱصãѪ
Ҳǵʵ䲻䡣
ҹЦЦˮɫ΢΢أϸķĩƮɢڿ֮С
ɢЧҶƥҲЧǶñźǵѵ𣿡
мüͷ赭д˵ҹһĮ
ȴͻȻ뵽һǼֵ顣
˲ô죿֮ǰԼ˺ĻźŵĻ뻢ˣ
·ͻȻǺžȥºأһ֡
ͣ㣬뿪䡣
ȴЩͷ۶Ϥˬʵشݹ


511 ӵ

ʲôµġڲǹ𣿡
˲һһòѪļʻ֮¸ٶԼͬ
ϲƿ˴ǿϤĵ˵ͷ
̫ˣһأһڲĻ
׻˵ĺ粻ɣҸһ˵ץϸ
˲Դǽ˵һǵ;ܺǶϺţԾ͸ϽĸϹһȻǡǸʱѾӵĲ˷磬ѾʼˣѰ˼ҹҲﲻʲôæԾһֱĬĬں濴š
Ҳһ˵ͣ½ŲǺŵĻ»ᱻס
׼ȥ
˲˵
׼ֱӵĻػʶء
Ĵ𸴵ģܹԷı΢ɶ·û뵽㴦̾һ֮˵ǲͬһ·ȥ׷
ôУ
ֹǣųʿȲ϶Էֻƾ϶СʤǶԷڵġ
ðЩ̫ðˣɡ
üͷǳⶫ˲˲ȴҷ緶ҡҡͷ
Ҳʲô£Ҫ֪ǾԲҵĶ֣Ƿľͺˡ
ʶ
ʿı棬һ
·ҲҴ
б뷨
Ȼû뵽ǾȻ˵ĽթˣȻܹһһεӿ׷׷
ѵھҪ𣿡ʹüѸߣͷɾķ֪࣬İץ˵Ļʱȥ쳺Ѿ̸ˣڣҲǿ֮ĩˣܹ֧Ŷʱ仹Ǹ⣬Щǡ
侲ķţȻҲԼЩɵֻǴݲȵİ⻰ⷴ
ԣۻٵ㶼Ըץסģѵ𣿡
⻰ͬʱҲڳԼ˵ŵġ
ҪץסζҪץסץסĻԼֻ·һ
үүҲᷢڵĻ죬ʲôأ
һĨ͵Цλϵķࡣ
Ĭĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵ĻѾ˾ϰɣڸطɢǵİŬ뿴Ǿܹӵȥ
̫ѷɫ
Ѿǿ֮ĩˣѾԤԼӲ࣬Ķ·
̲֪ڰи˶ٵϰ
òҵطϢˡ
Сiǲʱ˵ؿʼ˺Ľ
ȻþòˣϲֳɹĽһµӴ
ⲻüͷһԲܹҵطĻں޲ֱӰƤˡ
ڶˣ˵˵ǲһ
˲Ż磬ǣˣôܻ׵ҲǴѲк𣿡
СiƨҲһһģϽĬĸ̡
Ӵܹ˳ɵĻ˵ܹǵõ˵еơ
Сiûĵ˵ģԽԽ⻰е㲻ԾܾöԷûôõ˼ĺ˼
ʲôʱôõ˼Ҷ֪
Ͻ˵ʲôڣôģһҪҾרŹҵġ
ѵЩģһĬĬ²ۡ
˲Ҫ̫ġ£رļ򵥣ֻǰȥĹ֢״ͺˡ
򵥣ЦЦ㻹Ϊ֮ǰµСãᱻĻĸƭ𣿡
˭֮ǰ֪ڿһõĹԶɣȥβ뻢
ûȨܾʱƵģܵʱ֮ҪȻĻͻ˽˵𡣡
ļֻĽƺڳ̫档
ҽ˵ĻǲǾҪ
һ
࣬ԶѽڹȥαװݣðΣգңǾԲͬġ
ȫǺ˼ֻҪǸ룺Ҫȥη࣬оֱӵı˴
ҪͣѾȥӵʱ䡣
ܹоεવʱӣԼĶߡ
ҧгݡ
Сiܹʵ廯Ļھ԰ϵһ󱩴
ûа취СҪֻܹ̾һȻ롣


512 ȥ

̾һ˵һΣܹܵ罥ĴӣͶԷԽԽ񣬷Լš
ôˣ̶ǲﲻˣ
仰һ˶Ͷˡ
ɫۿɼٶȳΡΡ˵
һ󵨵뷨

ҹӰЦˣһˮȻʵʲô뷨ˣϽ˵һ˵ֺֺǡ
ҿǺġ̴ԸٵתţȻǽ˵ո·ǽʱҿˣǵ֮ͨ⻹ֻҪܹκ÷Ĳ֢֮Ļܹһƣǿᡭ
Ҳʵ̫ðˣ֪֪ðɱͷķա
޿κεĴ뷨ζ
ȥǾԲ̫ķˣһʱ򱻷ˣûӦô졣
ôô׾ͱѵͲ𣿡
ᣬܹܲ룬һжһ޶ʱڲԹȥĻô˼죬Ҫ
ǻϵͳν
ȥðա
ҹӰŴ˻ҲǼĲͬ
ķʵ̫ˡ
ҹȴһжܹжٵİܹκ÷ĲϾҲ֪ģɣһпܾͻɵ㡣
ҵȻ֪Զѣǲ뻢Ѩɵûӣһ·ʲôʱǸͷ˵Բԣ
ҲĿ϶Ȼ֪һУûõġ
СiƶȥִУǶ⣬ûйϵ
ǣȷһ˫ӮΪֻǲܹõһ鱣ƣ˱ۣȥѰҴ󲿶ӡ
ʵֻܹ֤ǵİȫûѴԼȫǵİǣǣֻмˣ
ĬˣȻϣַʽΣÿһ仰ӳ
ҹŶ촽
ҹӰ֮ǰ̲ݣҲʱΪĽķ˳˼ȷԣǾǹ˺ÿҪƣڱڸУ׼ܣһҪɫռκκͲйص䡣
һ֮Կһء
Ӿܹãûܹ֪
ԽԽϿң֪һ·õĽֻһ㡣
ðֵõģ֮ǰǱƤȫƤαװ
˵ͬԸΪѣǣСiֱӵİϢϢأûа취Ҳûȥܾ
Ȼˣþɡ
ҹص˫һʱ֮˵κξܾĻ
ͬ׼ˡСiһֻǹѣ֢״ҲѣȻ˵ĻҲܹ׼
Ǹͣıʹ
ҡҡλε·УѧʹƤߣĽƤ߰ԼϣƽеƣĺԼһ
ҪĬ
⼸žӶԼһ󿴴žеԼԽԽƽƽ棬һȻŻױƷ͵͵
ԼһصϢ
Ƥȴֻǽ˵ĿԽԽͼӴ׵ػʹ߱
ҹ¿⸱ģҲˡ
˵ƤǼԼĴڸУ˱һˣô㻹лױȻǰ֮˽֮
ۿĻױģ޿κΣֻԷɸ̡
ûױ֮󿴵һһҽ𣿡
û²۵һ
ꡪҹӰס·̣ĻʶҲΪĵطȻЩص㣬ڴľڻʶĳȻɫǽһŸ߸ߵ״
ĿǰΪֹ˶ΪҪҿһ״ûܹɹ
һԼɴȻݲȵߵǽڵǰİֽ֣¶һĨԺŵЦݡ
Сiǰ֢״ǹˣֻҪܹѸٵҵԭܹ⡣
ݲȵĴţѸٵڷ׷׺Ŀ⡣
ҲҪʧܵһһ֮ûȥҿ״
ڿģҶڷ׷ײ²⣬ܹܲκϹĲ
Ȼ̻ûе϶õʱ䣬ŵΧסеͷ䵭
㣿


513 ȥβ

ȻҾҰⶫҿģֱܹȥʹ𣿡
ʱҲĬĬ²ۣôڵôһȫǹŴķһôƫŷ޴½һ͵Ĺƶȣ
á
ǰһߣ㱻뵽֮ϡ
ȻѸٵı
ǲУǻרŵԱӴ㣬˲Ҳȥ
ûа취ֻܹͷ
Щǡξȫ׼ǵı֮³ԲĳһŶԷ
Էֻǳ˻֣Ե˸鶯ĹԣȻȹֱӵߵ
ӳĬѸٵ⸻ûʵĻʹȻ֮ǰ˵ͼڵ·洦ɼ
ҲеһɻȻ˵ĳν͹Ŵ½ĳƺһޣڽ滹ԵĶйŴķ
úɫĻǽ
ֻЩͼڵ·УһĨϡ
ǳͣ
ǰĹΰ׳ǴŵģڹŮָ֮һһ̨ףҲȫͼڵģֵŲ߲·
վǰıϹˡ
֮ǰֻ˵˵Զɣڶû»֮λ
õֻӺһС
СϸһȴеҪӺͰƺΪԵʣ˵
֪Ѿܾû˸ҹβˡ
ѧղ̴ݲȵߵǰһڣηĶ۹⡣
㵹Ǹбµĺӣҿ㾿жٵı°ɡ
Ŵ˻ҲһˣöûмôȤˡ
Ŵ˻ʢ˰Ĺ
ϸĿ˿ֱۣȻʼһ˲¿ֱ۵Ŷͷܹɫ·ǹ֢״
ʹǲʱʱĻûһضʱҵĿԣ
һ˵ţһϸĴһΧĻȻѾ֪Է֢״ǹ֮ҳԭڽѯ֢״һһĽų
֢״ΪԵľǶʳǶԻ֮Ĺʹ֮аŸʽʻɵľǷԻй֢״
ô֪
һԾ˿ûٰܹ֮ѸٵĲµЩ֢״Ų˼ĵɴ˫ŶԷ
ΪŮ˵ЩѧղȻǲ֪⣬ҽѧصģȻ׵ġ
΢΢ӣһۣ˹ֶй֢״ϸϸѯһ¡
ʹڽʳ֮ʲôķӦ𣿡
ûС
ƺҲ˻֮У˼һŸԼﲻ
ҪòĵطÿĴ졣
֣۾һ
Ьٴȫѹ򣬼ȻѾȷĸʱˣѾܹ󵨵Ĳ²⾿Ϊʲô
Ǵʱ򣬳ֱϻкЩɫİߵͺ֮⡣ǳǳһĨЦݣϸع۲գַ֮аȥСĺۼǲҲӦĺۼ
ÿһ仰ǡôĺԼ֢״ϡ༸ڻǲ·ˣȻôܹһٶĲ¶һأ
û
̾һȻҲ¶һУѸٵдһӣȻԸ˵Ժ벻ҪٽӴκκͻйصĶˣȻЩףҲһҩķӣÿ춼ҪʱͿĨ
༸û뵽Ľ˼򵥣Դţܹ
֪ж̰֮ǰЩаνҽԴ֢״˸ַʽҲˣһ˵֢ӡ
Ͷ·Ȼţô˶ûܹҲһжĳͷ΢һ㡣
ǰƾճֵƽƽŮӸֻҪʱͿĨĸҩȻԶ뻨ܾˡ
Ȼ֢״ʵǶԻ۲˹ӦŻӦĺڸ߹뻨ԶһЩء
Ȼ˵ţǷܹԷ֮еĲţҲеСƢ
ѵķҪ伲ҽԼ֢״ӦˣʱҩˣôһĲ鲻ԸģѵǵԼ
Ƣ꣬ȻҲ
СiĵʱһֱĶǵķꡣ


514 ûн

ǻһ׻˵úҽȻ޾֮·ֻܳԿˡ
˼ڵȴŶԷҩ
ҲһȽⶾķӣĲҩҲرͨҪķ̫ĹƾҲܹһѡ
֮ŮٹӦûɣ
º͵˵šҩĵ˵ͷ˻ֱ׼ȥúϢ
߽ʱǡ˲ֻӰԼһ˫ˮӯӯȻҲ˵һŮ˵ܹŶļ
һݣȴԼԼЩԾ
˲̲˸ˡ
嶼е˼ȴסµɻţλķ࣬飺ڵӣܹĸˡ
֮ǰæǰæҲֻΪ˸ϽİæҽΡ
Ƶĵ˵ͷԸȥҽԺ˸Ͻҩ
ҽɣһ¾֪ˡ
ĵ˵ͷֻڻԼʾҪ˭Ϊ
ѡһѡ⣬ȴûκεİա
ĺ˵ļҳֱ׼빬ŴݲȵķԸİοȥһ̵ֽŮӡ
üͷңǵ֮ǰһ棬ܾûô򵥡
ҹǳڵĻҵƻһ˿ٸǿϢ
̻صݵʱʱѾˡ
ҹԼҹӰһſһվſڵȴĻˣһ
Ҳվſڰ㲻ĻΪѰء
˸ԼꤵСӡ
ԳԷû뵽ǵĴǲȻܹһһϯ֮ء
ֻø˵Ȼõķ˾ͻ˽ǵķ棬ҪڴԵĻȥ㽲
˵šϲüҵģҲ֪аܹҽκ÷ࡣ
ڷ԰ɣҸоǿ϶Һܶ⣬Եʱȥ˵ɡ
ҹǶҽԵģò֢ûлȥĹĦȻҲͨԷķϵĽԺ治ѡ
æµһҲûʲôθڣЩ嵭ʳģȵ˵˷棬˼࣬ɤӲŸ˵
ʵ˱еҪӼ򵥣ǹԻ֮Ķܣ˹Ӧ
̺һ࣬ζ컹һ롣

ҹ¶գգ۾Ϊ鹻ӽϽҹѾϴ׼û뵽仰Ͱˡ
ȻأΪܸ𣿡
ε˸ִۣ˴ࡣ
ţóԡ
붼û뵽ô򵥡

ڵıͺ֮ǰıһޣǶţҪΪ֮ǰû֢״ˣԲŻ֢
Ͳò̾һִĿѧչ٣ԲܹЩ۸ӵ֢״֮ҵΪʵġ
ɣﶮЩЩǵ֪Χ֮ڣԾͿأΪԼȥ
ҹСʱʵΪʲô۸ӵĹ¿
뻹һõĽеҪá
ڻʹ֮Ϊβ¶ʲôĻøΪѣܹѷĲκãҲǳϵĺ顣
Ҳûô򵥣ڵĲ֢״ҵٴȥλʹȷ֮Ӧþܹõһˡ
һ뵽ƺͼЦЦ
һεļʱ򣬹Ѿ˷츲صı仯ŽѾʧȡ֮һЩصˮī
̶ˮīûʲôر;Щܺÿ˼֮󣬷ͳˣԱ߻վһλεŮǺЦ
Ǵ˵еҽŮѽ۪۪̣׽֮У֪ҽŮпյĻܹܲһ棿
֡
࿴ԼСŮһƤģЩ۵ĸ˸ͷ
ڶǾص˼㣬ĻԼ»Ҫھ֮е£ϵĺ׵֢״һһĺתˣĻѻܶƳ֮󣬾ҲûоЩˡ
Ц֮ж𾴡
ûµġôɰѵ˲Ը𣿡
ܹķԷ˱仯Լҽƴʩõģֻڲʱ˵Զա
ˣɲҪ˵̫ˣʱأûг׵ҽγɹͲԶ


515 Ͻ

겻ɢϵͳᡣ
޿κεû˴Ͷ˸ۡ
СiίͰ͵ļ˵
ûа취飬ֻй涨ӦʱŻȤ˵Բԣ
ûЩίˣܹԵԷֻ
СiСiʲôʱôĵˣĬĬš
۪۪ӵȤһſɰС渡ǻϲģ
ʣ㶼ͬˡ
˵ͷûж˵ġ
ΨһŮϲ
Ҳǰֵġ
̿һ˫ˮĴ۾ֵĵ޺Ҳʲôĺˡ
ڻҪǸùϵ
ڵøȷûи֢״ûµĻСҲС
̴ݲȵ˵ȻҲԼ񣬿һʱ䣬˵˵Ҳ̣һҩȷҩˡ
۪۪һԺܺһĨǳЦݡ
Ҳĵ˵ͷݲȵƿԼ䡣
֮ǰĺɫߵҲѾõ߰˰ˣֻ׺ֱ֮ϡ
һᵽ˲٣˵ΪҽŮĻ£һΪ֢״Ĳѡ
ܹҲҵҡЦЦȻִԼͳһССƿӡ
ҩࡣ޿κε̾һΪ׹ų˻ɵĹ֢״ڵԭ
׾ٶȸ
Сi񣬸ͷֻۣܹεҩ࿪ʼͿĨģЩɫСߵ水ѹȾ
һӴЩҩʱһܹܵȵĴУӴļĿҿ֮һɵıɵζ
鲻Ҫ̫ġĸܵ˷ŵϢ֮ԽŵģֻǶԻ۹ѣֲͨﶼûйӦҶܻ⣬ڼϵȲ
һ˵ִԼóһǳɫСƿӣƿװȡõ徫ͣ滹һЩҩ
ȫ֤彡ġ
Сiָɽѹˣֻܹļһһİҩ
Сi֮вôɻ
ȥĻò죬ܹ׵ҩˣˣȻ뵽ھ֮дӦĻۿ塣
֮дžޡ
ûж˵һ仰ֻͷõ徫һһͿĨȵֵ֮ģ˼Ρ
죬ֻҪĳл֤ԺҲٹˡ
۪۪һֱһһԲڿҺɫҺ壬Щ档
ʲôѽ
ΪȴӨ͸Һ͹â֮Ҳġ
õ徫ͣȡĶܹ֤ƤӪӾ⣬ҶԻ֮Ķ壬ԺٶȶԻ۽й
ĵ˵ͷ֮ǰҽԼ黹Ŀȷͬ˵
Զһٶʮġ
̰Ħһȴͳ֮ɿ֣ȻֽһɫСƿӷ˷۪۪ϡ
ֻΪҿ˹ʽΪ̫ʺøΪ̼õ徫ͣҪԾ͵Ĺã͡
ӾһħڴһܹͳʽĶĿɿڴġ
۪۪ҲûпôĶļ́ͷϸһ
͵Ĳƿװ͸ɫľͣȻܹЩ򻨰꣬ϸƮɢҺ֮УϲСĴƿӱܹ㵽ķ㡣
ⶫӦôð
ѯš
̸һʾһ㾫ͣȻĨķ֮ϣĽš
Ա㷢ջ۵ģ㷢Ҳ򻨵ζ
̸һ۪۪Цͬһ࣬ɴûмô⣬Ҳֻôö
ĺŮµһǸиԲܹܵŮôҽֶΡ
ġ⻰֮ҲЦһŮԼСް
ҽŮҽġ
ҲҺСԵ̲˿ǶԼĿޣԽǸԽܹԺΣգһ졣
۪۪Ȼס֣ʲô԰ĻҲʣĻһͻɡ


516 

˭ܹܾŮأͼȻӦ
˵ͷҲ뷨һҽ˵õˣΪԼãǺεȵأ
۪۪ϲԽ£Ǻֻǳŷ۪۪ʹһɫ
ҽŮزģҪúõչ
ʲôġæİ˰֣ί
»԰Ҳͬ̿е԰ͬĴƺǴȻ񹤵Ĵ죬һɽֱӺ룬мȱĵطŻŽصʻ
Щ㹻⣬£ЩͷۣʶҪ̫Ѩ
۪۪һģΪõĻ԰
ѵòÿȫÿĻ԰ˣ۪۪ڳһģֺ˵дʡ
̶Իܻ˽ģˣĻǺûǰڵҲ̫˰ɣ̧ͷŻβ뱨Żķ۪۪
ֻһ䡣
㲻Ļһ£
ȻҲϲʳҲ
ôˣ
Ǿ⻨԰ڵøÿһЩ㲻Ļһԣ˵Щί
۪۪ҲûԷ֮⣬գգ۾ҲЩ㲻ʲô£̣ЩݲݵҲʲô顣
۵˹ȥѻܰǲͬɫͬƷ֣ȷűİںá
Ȼ֮СͻƵλãȻķŵ˺档
Ȼ໨Ƚܹ࣬ᵽеķ㣬ܵȻİȣҲĿǻһ仰˵ĺ
Ͷ١
ͬʱҲϣֻܹ˴˵ľ룬ҲǷ֣̻ͬѰĵط
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ǺȻ˵ˮƽ̫ڵ£²һĻѹģƹԼĻױƷԼƷ
βŬ֮£԰˷츲صı仯ͬĻΪɫ״ͬһ𣬶ԲͻأҲûҰЩɫ̫ķһ

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찡
ǶһֹͬС
ڱ
۪۪Ȼ֮ǰ԰Ѿ㹻ÿˣľĸ֮£о˷츲صı仯øϲ
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һɫĳۣȴ˶͹Գ˻Ƿʣ˵ƺžǧ֮⡣
۪۪Сܵܵ˷һסı䣬Цĸ˽͵ĵ
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壬ǰ˵ҽŮĴǰЩϵʱһ֮ԵҲǱӵˡ
̺ʱжţɫֵģѾȫ󣬳ΪͽĶֻúõţŲŲġҲûʲô֪
öԷԲ򵥡
ĿһֱϴĥţȻɴڣƤΪڸǣҵܾӥһĿɨ֮£ԼΡ
磬ҲҪﵷˣҺͽһӣҪȥ˵Ļȥұˡ
۪۪ȡֵţǶԷǳһף赭д̧岢ûж˵ʲô
Ǹʵּ⣿
ǿ϶Ǹʵּ⣬һѵһܹƭǸô˵ˣҲԲôƭ㡣
۪۪ЩĿһ۷壬Ȼ˵ԼֳֵСԾԼӦñס̵Ĵȡ
ҡҡͷԴԹСӻô죬֮ǰѵ㶼ڿҽŮְֳ˾𣿡
һ̵ĳŹϣŷ۪۪һͷҲһЦ


517  һ

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˵ֻЩΣԻģ˵Ӿ뿪ˡ
۪۪˵µ̵ı䡣
㣬ôϡŹֵĶǲҪһҵЩڶȥ
˵ţϸȷûˣѹѯһ
Ҳû뵽ôķԼ˼˼ĵ˵ͷѵõĴѯʡ
ʹ֮лûһǺǵģƵ޺֮ҲһŽܵġ
Ҳµ£ƾо
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ʵҲûʲô㲻Ҫֻ̫ǾлĻҲ볢һ۪۪ɶ̲׷ţںò˻ᣬֻЩӦöкôܹ˱ɣֻøÿһ㡣
Ŷ
ܹԷϸֳɬ
ҪԾϲˡ
۪۪˲ԼС˼ߺҲûж˵ֻһˣԶǲɫӰ֮˷ܵҡҡļ
쿴Ǿϲˣ㿴˧˧϶˧ˣԲԣ
һı˭Ҳ֧Ųסε̧üͷϸĶһȷʵûпԷıӰЩϤ
ǡ
Լ۾ֱһĨɫӰԼԽԽ
㣿
һʱЩңȻαװĽ̳̣˷ɻ
ôѵҲ֪ԼѾǱ
ԤнţǣһԻ˼Ůô뷨
۪۪գգ۾ûж˵ЩʲôֻǸ⼤֡
ǰ֧֧˵㣬þòҪȥҸ𣿡
û
ϤӽĳԼԭ㡣ֻ뾡ܵĽԼĴڸУҪöԷԼ⡣
۪۪ߴߴ˵˸ͣȷҲ˹İעƽƽϡ
ﰵԼ·Ҳޡ
ֻɻİĿͶϣûôŮ֮дŶش١
㾿ʲôʱܹ棿֮ǰӦ˵ҳ𣿹ôã㶼ûҳ棬ĺܹ֡
ŮĿߣѹ˸˵κηĻ
Щͷۣû뵽β룬ϲԼС
۪۪⣬Ҳ򲻵ããΪ˰ͽ࣬ûоܾأֻܹһĵ˵Ϊʱ̫æˣ˹ʳѰȹЩʱһӱķ
۪۪ǿĵ˵ͷ⻰˵ЩΪ⣬֪һܵĽڣֵõŵĴ𰸡
ҲԸ˵֮Ѹٵ뿪ˣΪĺһ
һķʲôԾĻ
üͷϸ˼һ
ԭ򡣾ΪΡҲö֪
һֽŪʳѰģѹеĲ⡣
ûô򵥣Ѿǰ϶ˡ
ôϲ˺˧
۪۪ĿתģΪǶԳһ顣
˵ǰ棬б˼ԣǧϲ֣ȻĻһͽ㷴Ŀɳġ
µС¶ľᣬ̧üͷϸϸĿ̣̺֪Ļ֪Է˼˰æ˵ôأⲻϲ׻˵úãӳ֮
ѾΪˡЦЦԣϲĻɷȥ׷
̾óûô򵥣Сʮа˾ŶǾĲصĺúõģҲɵὫ⻰ֱӵ˵ĳȻĻ˺ֻСġ
һֱңҪЩʲôأ
۪۪һԵС֮ϣͷ
̼⸱ģҲȤ֪һǡôʱ
ǼȻĻ硭̧һġ繫ĹĻ;˵һ˵Ļ֢ܶҩ
ʵﻹûмҲ˵ģ˶ȤȻǰЩӵʱȥʱǡþˡ
۪۪˵ЩŪԼȹߡ
㲻֪ж͸ֻۣǡþȻ˵Ķǡ
˸ĶǶԱĶ⣬Ȼͳ֮ϵĻ²ǽ׶ܹġ
ǾǸʱͶһ飿


518 

м¶СŮ¶һŵı̡
ĺ鶼ܹµóǽ㡣
ʵ²ۣҲ̫ˣֱӰԼԳϲˣ˵Щʲôأ
ʱĻܹܲңĺϲ
Ǵ֮ɢִŵĹâ̶ʱЩԥȥˣǰѱƵ˵ɽҡҡͷ˼
ΪʲôϲΪú˧ǧ˧ֻ಻١
۪۪ʱһ㶣˵ĺе־ЩԾ֧֧ᡣ
̬Ȳã˵һֵиһˣ϶Ƿǳġ
ڿɲⵥ޺С벻Ԩܵ͡
۪۪˵Ҳǿ
Ļ
Ͻ˷۪۪֧֧ĻԸһͬʱҲԸٶԨ֮С
ҲҪ̫ᣬϣԵ˵˵߾ߣ˭Ҳ˭ҲһУ˵Բԡ
۪۪ưıʣҲһֶ˵Ƶҡҡͷ
Ļº͵ͷҲҪ̫࣬ǻһ仰˵ĺԵ˵ҲסҲ֪˭ɾ
۪۪˼룬ͷüչ
»ˮ
˼Ҳ֪Ӧδ£
ʹڹƼȴҲҪ˼ԼԵСڷ۪۪
۪۪ڹӵеȨǳ
ʱ䲻硣Ȱ룬䲻֪ǷܹӵЧǻֻ˱ڣﻹ£׼Ȼȥû뵽۪۪ҲԼ
˳ȥݿЩūǶ㾿ôһʲôĻԸңұ֤շķ
۪۪ģȻǵ֮ǰԸĻҪ֤һʱȥʱżëһ
εĵ˵ͷһصݡ
˾ڶ˽Ϣ
۪۪δݻģ۾ϸһơ
ˣ֮ǰûء
۪۪һȵڹŮĲ֮
ҹЩε̣ȻǵĿҲһʱۼڵķ۪۪ϡ
ֻĿⲢûгá
εǽһ
۪۪ȴڿҹµһʱˣһյģ̾;㲻ײ
Ǻá
۪۪Թɵ˵ţݵҽ֮촽һԲ
繫ҽȥһˣȲ˵ԾЩܸȤҿ԰зһЩá
۪۪ЩϽĵ˵ͷĿĴҹת˹ȥҲûа취

о˧
һĻص˷۪۪ڻζŸղżҹʱľı顣
ʲô̺һóһƿǳɫľͣȴһջζı飬¿ɷ
ո˵λҹ¹ӣǲϲѽûлѽûеĻôǲǺ䣿
û˵ţ֮ǰ˵һֱϲڻתô죿
ɲʲôת⣬Ǿý˵ĺеȻ㲻ϲҵĻҵϽĻһѡ˵ô
ҵȻǾúܺáҹµԸҲ׵ģ֪֪ף䲻ҹ»ϲǲһ˭ܹ֪Ľأ
۪۪⸱ģǳǳЦЦ
ֻ֪֧
̿ɲ߶߶˵Щ飬Ͻת˻⣬˪ֱߡ
鶼ǿ󲻵ãŵһμ棬ôģҪŻ㵹һ㡣һ˵ţһ߽ɫͿĨ
оϱĺĳ޸ã̼Լ֮ϡ
۪۪ͷ˵ЩеֻܹԼе뷨ʣֻһҲ֪ôȥ˵
ǡ
ҹıӰӡС޷Ĩȥ֪˼ֻױƷתע֮Ųٶ
˳Ľ˴ڡİͻ̾һ
ɫѾˣûгԷ
Ŷһ²һ£ڴ棬ٻط䣬ȴ˳Ĭ롣
ôˣ
벻֪һŵǰȻζ˵С˰ɡӦԶһãһʲôˡ


519 ӳ

ǰ
ֻŴڴڵĳﻹ߶ʮһˡ
֪㵣ģһûô򵥣ҲӦ֪ĵǶܷҡ
ڵһЦӯӯ룬̵Ȼ֪ûô򵥣ҲԸ׵ѹ
һ⣬ǡ
޿κεҡҡͷǰһƢûУֻҪһЦԼ鲻Խľٶֻҡҡͷ
ͺúóɣʣµ˵
Ƶĵ˵ͷ·ʲôڻڣϽˣ˲졣
ǲܹɾ衣ҽʱ˵ܲţģڻʹ档
㣿뷴һô
ҲΣҲ벻ͨΪʲôԷ
ҳûѯһСֻ˵ǰЩӡ͵ˣҲԵʱĻӦþǺ͹ˡ
ãҲ֮ܺǰԵϺš
뷨ĻҪϾɱ
뾯һĻһжһȴ˵ļͽ˷䡣
ʱ仹Сһ㣬Сϣ¡
ĵ˵ͷͬġ
ʱ˵Ҳ졣
̴۾ݵĽһϴ׼Żµӣȥ̣һҵ̿ʼԼӪҵ

ĻҲҶȥױƷ֮Ķ˷Ƶĵط׼ȥһ޹ƯķƷ
СԴϡŹֵĵӡ
Сiֻĺԡ
ˡѵĽҪ˵𣿽һˣô˶ȥһ˻ʹ
ֲȥʹĻ¶ţȥĴԽ࣬Խܱ˷֡
һžеԼԼƤߣֻ˺ÿױݡ
Ҫ˵ĻҶϵ̫ˣԿ϶ƽˣҲҪСթƭҡ
˵һģݲȵüͷϸͬеԼȷһ֮󣬲׼š
Ϊܹ˴ʲôϲء
СiԹ֪ԸĻԼ㶼Ҫˣĵһüͷ
뿴һ׼ȥģѯʵҪȥ֣
Ҫȥ֣뿴ʲô̿ģԴҲǸʲô¡
̲Լ֡
ϲѼƻĹ滮ã¼Ҳ滮֮һַѸٵԺﹹ˼š
һȥɣҲ˵˳㻹һĳʲô鱻ˣһҲġ
֮¶ĵǣ˵֡
̵ͷӦס֣˱Ƕɷ˵˳ȥ
ʶӵĸûʣÿһҵ̵װζ±¡
ͬҲǷ˲֮ͬԽõĵ̣ԽԽţЩûʲôȥĵ̣涼Ǹûʡ
Ĺͱ֮ĶԱȡ
ΣѰ˼ŵһת档
ǻȥһЩõĵ̰ɣŮǾϲЩʲô
Ҳ⡣º͵ĵ˵ͷ
ҲǷһһҷװ꣬װ·Ȼ֮ͬǰԤϵһ
Сǵ״һ⡣
ıԹš
ӳ·ĲѿֿԸģֱȺħ裬ɫűɫȹӡ
ʲôԵĴ䰡εָ˸ԼĶͷ²һ֮󣬱תֱˡ
ѵٶ࿴𣿡
ֱзʣԶԡ
ѵ·ܺÿҾһЩװܹõҪĴˮ׼
ĲҪϹ˵ľõǳڴˮȵ״̬֮УЩ·ûκε׼ԲŻԱ
ʲôɫ԰ɫʲôˮ̴һ죬ⶼʲô䰡ΪʲôҪίԼ
һʣץˡ
⸱ɻ󲻽ģ˵ͷŰӵĿͶڸոյЩչ·棬ŷ֮֡ǰѬյļõ׼ڴ˿Ҳ֮ͬС
̶ԴһоɫģκεĶԱɫ˵ҲһͲʵĴ䡣
һ˵뷢˵ˮƽеѡ


520 

Ǹǻ𣿡
Դ˺ܿ͹ۡ
˼ĵ˵ͷߵ˶ŵһҷװͥȸޣһȦ뿪ˡ
Ŀżɽ֪ƹûаȥ뷨
ܵ˶̵ĳûл·
ƹһʮĸˡϴ·ʵ޻ɫȽµţܳ䡣
СﰡҪһҵ̣
š
̵һһҵ̴Ҳò˶Ǯ⣬һЦ
ҿȸ̵ȻͬʱƸƹô
ҲϸĿ˿̵·󣬵ǾǱȲԷЩ̡·
Ȼûģû˻Ǯȥûи㣬Сɱ̫ˣĿ¥
νҡҡͷǧӿ԰
Ҳ֪ôƺأ
延ԱţͬǵĿⲢûдӶԷ֮ƿֻ˵ʵҪúõȰȰ㡣
ȴҡҡͷ
ˣֻøⶨҪ٣ˣлһ⣬ֻһûпʼ̣ôǶҲأ
延ţ»Ƹˣҡҡͷ
֪˭˲֪¥жôĴ󣬿˼ʵĻ
ȴЩ˵һͲõˣҪ
еҪ򵥣һ׸Ʊһֱ㸶˵ơ
ĸƻҲֻʱ䣬֪ʱǽǮ벽ƣҲץסᡣ
延ջĵƹʵӺ棬ܹܹ̾ŤתǬأ
延ΪĲοȻףҪο˵׼ȻܹƳ³£Ըǵķ˱ۡ
ȻҲȷʱûַ͵·ȻһЩȹĴ塣
Ҳ˼ƯСڿҵʱͷ·Ϊʱģأվſñ;ͺá
ʱҲ֣һά£ˢ˾ƺɫᣬõΧø
ϸʹúͷķֻӣĻ֦׺ſڣ΢΢з׹ʱӣĻ㵴ռ֮С
µĵ棬Ϊ˵һĴڣȻŴûеҲûеƣҲ֪ͨ
ɹҪãȻҪ֤дľ·Ȼ󵥶ĿһССĵطΪ¼䡣
ͽˣҿ׼ȵĵһ˦ƹˡ
󹦸ɡ
Ҫģһ죬ܹΪʶӰķεꡣ
延Դͬģæĵ˵ͷʾԼһᴦһС
ɰЩæҲǵ˴ˡ
ҲһڶС
ȴſڵһλ֮͡
ˡ
䣬Сغҧ䡣
ǴӣͻȻĹܾûô򵥣ѵǷ֮ܡ
̳Ӧԣ롣ԼôҲǴһƤߣӦûôױ֣ɿЦ滢һƤЦⲻЦģƤˡ
ݲȵ˹ȥģغͷ໥ţ·ѯҪЩʲô
е˼
ԭڴѾڴʱˣòϸܵ˶ԷߵͶݹ֮Ҳɵþö˵սԡ
ôãڰ˸ιӦûеȴǡ庬Цӭ˹ϸһ̣룿
˵ɫͬʱ˱仯
ô֪
̾㵵Ŵ졣Ǿû뵽ԷôķԼʵݣڶ̶ֻӴΣԼû¶κ֮¡
˫ֱż롣
ȻݣƤߣôΣҲᷢ仯Щģ֮ǰ鲻һƬհףΪհײŻñӻɡ
Դ渵ֻصͺǸ롣
ԭ򣬱ӶѾµˣ϶ΪǴ˵еľɲӣʲôûеĻǸôأ
˹ȥż磬б롣
쬵ЦЦ
гǴ˵ԵĸҺ;Ȼص֤ݾ
˵⻰֮˱Цˡ
мվĺΣƺûκεĹϵֻܹܵ͵ļԼĴڸУû뵽ƵԼϡ
Ҫл


521 

ҹһ䡣
̾վڷԱߡ
Ҫ˵Щʲô̧ǳǳȥһʱ֮Ҳò׼ԷҪЩʲô
ݱ¶ǿԼ侲ˮĴ۾зŲΪĹ
ЦЦҲҪôţҲʲôˣҲǱӣ˵϶Ҫ֡
ֺ񳬳˷Χ
ֻԱ˵Ųÿɷвȡ
Ǵ·һ
һ¹˭֣Ҫһʺš
̵˵ͷŶԷƺЦŵģƺ뷨
㾿ҪЩʲôһ֪ء
ûйȥ׷ĶںףܹܹһУͲҪĶ
ǵȫڷϡ
ʵһֱȤ˵ϾͷȻͬѰ
һ˫ҵ˫ĿһֱȷҪϵ˸š
̲˶ķˣ˲ٵľҺ໥׷ٲʿ˵ǳϵҽ
ÿһ㣬Ů˱Լޱŵš
ѱ
ֻվԱߣĿȴб͸صĿշתࡣ
ܵƵĿ⣬ηʼһȥߵ֮䣬˵Ŀסݵļ
ҵķˣҲҪͷˣģʵĻ⻹бĵط
˼׹ػ𣬽ţĿӴ֮л𻨱ŷš
εļ
ҲˣҲû׼̣ȻҲ˵Ļһ㻹֪ءηӭȥвĿ⣬ʱ˵˼֣裬´󽫾ڲǵó½˰ɣĻǾ˼ˡ
סȭͷӶԷ֮еƺͳ
裿
ô᲻⣿
´󽫾ǵʱĽʿͬʱҲפش
𣿡
̶жţŷ壬ƺǾöԷǹģƭԼ˲˵š
ûֻǼ˶ĿȻȻץһֵ鱨ижܹΪפӵ졣ֻǻʼҵ˲֪ô֪ģ
ǰһ仰ں̽飬һ仰Ȼѯʷ塣廹һһηģ
ǣ˭涨ˣҲܹ֪
ȻС˶Էû뵽ȻҵЩ֤ݣҧݡһһʵķ档
㾿֪ٵ飿
ԷͬһŰֽԴ˲ö֪ԻӰֵĽȡ
øңҾ͸㽫ںڣһʽҾûͦġ
屻ڱصùŴǣ˵
̴֮Ľ׺̸Ȼ룬ڱ˴ۣĻƷвˬ
ҿɲʲôƷүǾԲͬģþʲôҲԲΪЧҲΪʲôˡ
΢ЦŹ˹ƣΪ㻰ＫסԼ˵ԽǶԼܣԽǾŮȤ˼㡣
ɲÿʵ°̡廹˵Щʲôû뵽Էֱһĵϡ
һʱ֮仹ûнסһƵʱ򡣷ֱס֡
˵ˣ˭ҵŮˣ
ߡ
ѪҺĿڱ˳ѪҺջǻʹø˼ˣŮڱصá
ֻһ֪㲻ԸԼҵĻҲȼ۵Ķ
ҧгݵ˵뿪̤ʧããҹɫ֮УֻеɢԵĵƹ⣬ů
ס֣̲סϴһ
û°ɣûоﲻ
εҡҡͷǱ˸ôðԼĻԻ͵͵˶ģֱӰ˶ˣˣǷ壬ǻӣǵߡ
裬´󽫾
ǻȥúôӳһɣúոǾ仰Ծ̨¡
ĵ˵ͷɴ߲СڣҲ֪仰
ǡ
ͻȻ˼
̿⸱־ģ֪Է϶뷨
ҵķ
۵ţҲһһ·ף֮Ķ


522  

䦿ڰ˯ĻʶҹĻתӵӵ˺ѷεĻ֮˵ʹʪ񷣬شӰƾƵƹ⣬ȱˮɺ֮˺٣һԺ֮ԴʹξþС
̱ڴϣݼŵ˸ҰȻͷĿѣ߻תʶѲѧԼŵһجΡ
ôˣﲻ𣿡
뼱еĴج֮շתѣĴֽĸ̵ļ
ҺһجΡ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˴ꡣ̴ӴһԾ£֮ǰΪͨ򿪵Ĵĺܿ졣
جˣ
ĶͷԼĻУȵ壬ֵѯʵôһ£費Ҫȥҹ£
ҲҪ鷳֮ǰ֣Ϊʲô̸ʱ̸۵Ľص飬ǰһۣΪ֮ǰֻɺϣһΣȴûзŹ
һܳܳΣȫǵ⽣ӰѵõĴɪʶıȵĻÿһᵽǾͲԵĴ󽫾Ҿ͸ܵˣʹĲ֪ľͻúܿ죬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
һ˫ѩĴ۾֮УãȻĹһע˯õġ
ȴӺļ
££Ҳ𣿡
ӵĻУ塣
һһεİοһжõġ
۷ʲô飬
нСˣ˯ˡ
ȴ޷и֮ǰڶϣĿ
Ҳ֪µʲôʱŻͣĬĬš
ȷԤеƺǲͣˡ
֮ûجΣ˯ṳ́ʵһ˯ֱ˯ͻ𴲡
ֻܹ緹˵˷棬ĳԡ
Ǿôγģȫ᲻Ȥ
뾿Ӧô죬̲ݻøϿС̾ܵıԼ̸۵󽫾ʼĳƺֲûκεá
΢΢ü뿴۲ѣһΣҲ˼Է˵ȥ˸ڵķҹ½й
ҹ±յĳţ緹⡣ֱӷˣ˹ǵģᡣ
ʲôǲ̶ܵ˲𣿡
޾ɵĵ˵ͷ渵ҲϣãɵȷˣÿεԼҪתעʱֻҪͳйϵĻ⣬Ͳɵĸܵŵ
ʴӡ
ǵʱ֮ǰʲô顣ԲǼ𣿲ȻĻôо겻ɢһ
ԽԽеĺ¡
ֻܴ󵨵Ĳ²һ
һĶͷ
Ҳ˵Щ顣ǲʱ̫ȲµĲԾҲͽʵûʲô̫⣿
̾һмֵǣ̫ࡣ
ҹҲǵֱۡӰϵһûзκε⣬ȶһʼ뷨
ҲöˣǺνĽܲɷֵϵӦ֮ǰܹ֮ʲô̼أһᵽ飬ͻӰ
̷űһˡ
˵ĺпԣ֮ǰһᵽʱԺ˸Ļ䶼ʲôӰ˵ġ
һ˵ĴԾ͸оǧڴ֪ǺáʹĻ䣬ɢԺ
ڴڵĴ
ҹ¸Ͻһҩˮ˽ȥǶҹӰҲĶϽĹһű㿴һ
ôˣǲ岻
һĳͼ𺳡
ʹ಻Եڵء
һҩǿ̷ȥŸܵԼ΢ùôһ㡣
ǿԼ侲Ҳ֪ӦλڽŵԼС
󵨵ԾȣҲ֪ҩķԭĹЧһ˹
ͬɺԵ˺ȵˮһһĻָ־̷ôһ
ոռǵҹĶҪڲҪĴŶԷúϢ
һ龰ͷ۵Լ̫ѨȻ󻺻ĸԷ˵ĸ׺ͽʶ
νĻ䣬ֻǶݵƴһƴ࣬΢ȷǵĹϵ
ĸף
ķһ䣬ǡ
̺ܿķ뷨ζ˵һ䣺˵ʵģ̫ȷǸеǲҵĸףһҾ
Ӱ̫ơ


523 Э뷨

΢ǡôӦóΪ־磬ǿ˶ػΧԼ
¶һĨεЦݡ
ڶңһúܲ˼ģʲôһ
ͼһҹӰ֣ص˵㻹ǵʲôļʲôǵõĻôͲҪȥ˰ɣʹ࣬Ҳܡ
еĻͬԱߵ˵Ĺ
ֺһڱˮžԼԼȥЩеʹԮ˺ѷεС
ֻ֪Ҳ֪˷ʵݵ˰ɣ
ʣµòһϣ˵ĺ
֪˵Щʲộûһ˷Źȥʵ̫ðˣ˵ˡҹķ뷨ԣ˶Է
̲ԡ
뷨ͬˡ
ʲôֵýģֻһڶѣ̶İȥ˼Ļ»ˡ硭
ᣬʹ
֮ǰҫξǰԲ׵ķŹ֮ˣôأ
Ĵҹɫ޶˵ΧԽĴӡѵõĸǵӰį
ҹӰʱִµģֻӲͷƤһ̨¡
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һ˫ˮ֮зĹ⻪ͬ˿ȴ
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ҹºҹӰҲ˾е˾Ȼν¡
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ȥһġ
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ܡֻԼտҽ
һߣ¹⽫˵Ӱúܳ촵ͥԺ֮Уɢźζ
ȴƽŶԷЦһ
֪϶Ϊ̶˵ģȰҵģ
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֪еȷһҪֺ
˵ҲЦ⼸ּҪһһѹȵף˺ݺݵسĲʡ
ʵȷˡ
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ӵĸıúܲˬҲ˳ɴ߲Сڣ˵ֻнܹΪ˰
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һ£ͬҲһ¡
Ƶشӣʲôһʵڹûô򵥣ܹء
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ҹӰ֪Դˡ


524  ؼ

⽥شŹɢĹ˵ȷһִĿĵǵԤʾשߵʱ
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Ҳֳس֣ķͷѾʢ
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۪۪ϲĿĴţӡ
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ġεĵ˵ͷȻ룬Ҳûᣬ뿪
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ֱǺǵ˵ҽŮҽĵĻ±ҪĲѡ
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ĿʾֻӲͷƤ뿪ϯλߵ롣


525 Ļ̥

ȻǻŽأЩģĴǣǷ׷׵ĽĿͶ˹ȥ
þ£ûκε˽ԡ
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ҲûȥЩ̿κεĵ˵ͷЩȻǳ´ĵǡڻֻܹӲͷƤȥ
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ҷ̸ú̸һҲû뵽ڶԷõء֮ǰĳ·ûзȨ̸ɣҪǣҡ
ڳһͷģĮغ
ǲ֮еѧ
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ӹ°ȴЩʡ
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ҲֻܰѹסеĲͷĸ˵ĺ棬ҹζ࣬Ҳֻҧкϵ֡
ܹͬܵԷ޿κΣֲòԼĽŲ߹
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ܿһſڱż
һΪ־ģûЭˡ
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û֪ڲŸոտʼ


526 һ

Ȼ⻰˵ﲻǣ岻֪ʱѾɥʧȨֻܱص˵ͷ̰ƿ롣
뱾׼úõĺ̲һҹģû뵽滹һβ
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Įмŷ壺죬㻹б£ôˣѵִģ
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п˵ɤӣҲҪ˵Щеûˣɺܼ򵥣ҪǺ
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ļȻֽԼĹͶĹȥ
Ҫűӡͬη壬ȻںȷˣǲһٶķԼĵߡ
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ģٻ
׻˵úãúǰɲ뵱ŷ籩֮еĽɫϽƨɾˡ
֮СĿԾһ΢š
˱ƣţֱʱδȺһõǷ塣
Ҫʲô
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ȷһ˫ӮԼܹõ㣬ܹİ֮µõıֶΪ
Ҳеķա
ҲΣҲΣǣҪıĴ
Ȼ״Ҳ׶ԷµĿ΢΢
ıԼңֺʱֻôеķգ˵ʱ˵Ļµһ˾Ǳ
޹ЦЦû뵽ԷῼǵһΡ
ҲҳӵйͨѲȻҪȻһϵˣֺαظ㱳һݲȵĺһƷζˮıҲûôɵģԲȱ㣬ѱ˼Ļ
ֻһƣΨһֻܹԼ
˼֣ƺ˼仰Ŀԡ
ǺͻģûпܻӵһᣬܹǧǧĲƸҫûκεķա
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֪ģֻܹԼܹܲͬ⣬Ҫǵ˼
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ĵ˵ͷ
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ͷŸ㣬һоµС㶼챻ˣŲű򿪡
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Ҳ֪˾۵Ĵôģһص䣬ȴϤֿ徲ֹıס
ôˣ۳һʲôȻ𣿡
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ǣԼĴչֳ
һᣬԾɾò̶ܹȥðա
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ʵҲò׼̫ˣ鲻̫һ
ıǴҲûð
ͬ뵽һ㡣
𣿡ȴһַʽѯʣ۶ĸߣҲһֶΣɽ¶ˮķ䣬ʵҸ
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ˣϲǷҪ֮оᣬʵϡƫԸָ塣Ȼ鿴ϲŭ޳ʵһ˼͸ܹԷ졣
Ҳġеã䲻һõĺ飬·ǽȻͬǺߵһġ
һЦóͳһĴ𰸡
ʵүһֱô顣̵ԼظɲҪҿвյ̣Ҷܹүġ
̵̧ͷȴŶԷĽһЦգĶڻˡ
ܹķˣʮĸ֡
Ľڻ͵¹ΪܵӰǶһɫıߡ
Ҳͬи̾һжһΣڴԽ֮ѰٵԼʵİ⡣
˶޷ġ


527 ҵ

Զô졣
ȻһµЭǲܹ
ҹ£ҹӰ뷨Ҫú̶һ
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ЩЩ˼ңԽ·ԽǣϼСƿһá
νƷĹ˿͡
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ĿһΧ˵ﶼ˼˵ġ
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Ȼ˵ĻͲٶˡ
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528 

ƽ͵⣬ɢͬӰĹ
Ŷ֮ʱʣ˻
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۳һȻ׼ô죿ĿбӣѯΣѡӦء
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̵ǱǲĿˣΪԼֵûʱȥû뵽ɫ˵ĵţǺܺ⡣

ͬһʱۣȲүܹĿ԰װҲѵˡ
ҹӰҹҲϸĴһйоأȻڵݣҲ㲻
ǹĸۡݲȵΪǽţ֮ǰ˵ǽһжˣȥһ˸˵Ҫϸ̸
ЦһѰһԵˡ
ղײվڰɡ


529 

絭Ĵšһ񾲵С϶˲ٵĹ⻪
ʱò׼̾Ǹˣȥźӡһ⣬ҪľҪԼźĶǸԸˡ
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ССè˻֣û뵽߰Ĳ˹èȻĽһȻҡβ͸ĺ档
ǰһԵǶɿˣҪ֪Ƿ۪۪Сè䣬˭޵Ҫھ͹ԹԵվ˵ĺ棬ҡβ
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˵ȤζģͷǵСֽ˼
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۪۪һںźȴûκ֮顣
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ˣҵ˺þãôôŹ۪۪һС죬ǣ֣ҴҵѯţҪʳһȻɵ⳥ҽҪһȥ棬øҴҹ¡
һͷۣСӵ뷨ͺ֮ǰһԾǳҹġ
֮ǰ˵ϲ𣿡Ҳѡһ̽ԱߣʳͶι𣬡֮ǰĻҿǶ챳ˡ
⻰ǵķ۪۪ίҪˣҡҡ־ᡣ
Ǻں͹ҹҵѣȲ֮ǷܹԵٵñ֤ϲİɣȻĻҾǺҵѡ
ֿ˵鲢ï渵ģܻ᲻ɵ˼С
۪۪ͬʱҲ룬˵ĺܶԣϲǵĻñƽ޹ʵܺ
㣬˵е̧ϸ˼һ֮ǰǷȱˡ
˳˼ƾĴţɢ
һûж˵һ仰ֻǵóһɿֺʵĴ𰸡
飬ܹұ˴˵ġ
ͷιʳֱССһʳȫͶιϡ
۪۪żŴȣ϶˵ҿ϶ûҾҶҹºͶԳǲһģҾҪˣ
ȻһֻСèһҺɫĿˮ䣬ί˵ýֻܹˣ˶飬Ͱңòá
ȴ˵ĽͰ͵ģ̾һ۪۪ǾⱲͱϥôһΡԣǺѵˡ
Ůͬһ買⣬޷ܾŮġ
ֻܹ˵ͷ
ǡôӦһòãֻһ棬鶼˳Ȼòá
Ȼڹ˼ҹµԸһֱӵİѱСҵĸſô죿
ֽûǰ˵ûеôס
۪۪ϲԣܹѾǺһ׮ˡ
»صǵլԺڼ䣬һԲȻղҲ˷۪۪֮Ľ̸ġ
ҹ¾ǺηʥҲ۪۪һ˫ʱҲĲ̡
һ飬Ȼ˵˾ʹԽˡҧǰ⻰˵Ȼ˾ò̫ǻϣܹһЩС¡
ǸԶһܹ˵ģԲԡ赭дļ򣬡Ҫ̫ˡǶҡ
֪˵ĺеһжܹҵģŵȷ
ҹ˭
һΪίĳ̶Ҫ⡣
ոյһһ˼ûУ֪Է˭£ѾʼΪĸǣ⵱Ȼʡ
ľˣȸոŮдŵǳҪǧǹâ룬һԼȳһֶ˵ˡ
ҪģôãȻԴģԲԸΪѡ
ֻܹ֤ǻᣬǰ鲻ӵ˻ܹġ
εĵ˵ͷԸ˵


530 ڵ

ҹɫӣߡ
ס˵εģвЩЦ
ˣ֮ǰɲ˸߲ҵ˵ҹºСȥһԵ
ҹ֮Ľ̸ֱӵĸͶһۡ
ǻǻˡҹºܲԸǣС̸ĳ˵С˼ȥû뵽С˭ȫûм䡣
⻹Ϊ˼ҶһˣˣץסСֻЦЦǰԣһֻܿˣҲûʲôð

ҹµһα˵Զԣ״ΪأɫȥջһСŮЩᡣ
˵ǰ棬ʱκεǶԼ
˼ĵĺһ⻰϶
šЦĸԣϵˣʵҲǽЭ
ֳ⸱ܵģʵǶ֪϶ͬˡ
ĵıԹţһڳû뵽۪۪ҲΣ°Ȼǡ
Ļһ·ҺɫĳȹǡôĹճĵɣȹڡƮ
ڵȵˣ˴ڶҪˡ
ڣ
̲Եգգ۾۪۪һܣȻ˵ѾҹµǵõǣС
۪۪ɻ֮ǰ˵Ҫֵ飬εıԼĹ緶Ȼٹסı䡣
֪ǼڶǶԺҪһһȵشգȻҲкܶݻһʶҪֵлС
Խ˵Խ˷ܣ˵˼ҵ֣ĵڱ˵ĶԻ˵ģ˵ڻܹӵŮŮ˾Ů
Ůʲô
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ҹ·ǶԴ˽⣬Ϊ˴ɽ
֪ǾҪռȷشרռΪ壬壬бרŸ𻨳еŮӣ˵峤ռѡѡ֮Ů
٩٩̸
գգ۾ʾͷһСǱ߿ҫĻҲݹ
ĺ۪۪۾˸ŹâȻֲ˵ȷˣŮ͵ˣÿǶף˼䡣
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˵꣬ίͰ͵Ŀһۡ
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С֮ǳǳ²ۻظ˵
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ǴžǰɣֻаŻ˷ܲ
ȥ鲻Խغһ
㲻ҲΪҷܲ𣿡
Ҳҭ
˺ˣҪôĻҾͲ֪ô˵á
ε˱һۣѵúߵģҲǿģ˵ֽһȺصС
ĸ涼ڲͬɫĵڼҼһ¥ݶ֮Ʈţ
ٵСǽ˻ᣬǰŵɴ¶ԼĿԼԼᣬѵõɡ
۪۪ҲӵĻᣬܹȥ͢ƽڵ
һΧζ˵СΪϣСʻ괬
ҹʱʱĿŷ۪۪ڵƹӳ֮£˶һϢȻЩҪģ۪۪ȫ֮أȻǵ뷨뵽һȥˡ
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붯ֵĻпܾͻŽ졣
۪۪Դ˻Ȼ֪Ŀһ˲ŤתţΪҹżʱʱĿ⣬Լ˼
Ůε֮У˷ܵĻȡ
ˣǰں󷽣ܹкõı˴ˣʼһεΡ
¹ڵƻӳ֮£ҲЩ̻Ϣ֮࣬һĨζޱȡ


531 ӵ˻

ڴˣصȺɵҪĻĿϾӣ·롣Ѿù̶˸
۪۪һԼĸǽţһỨҪˣҪĻ棬ߵʱͻĵ׻ܹӵ˾Ů
ӵ˻ʲô𣿡
̵Ȼǵ֮ǰ˵Щ
˵ֻףõĻʵ˭νɡΧŮǿȵ񵹲ôΪѯһӦûô򵥰ɡ
˵϶Ů˻ᱻ嵽ǵӪȥȻصȪ۪۪ԴҲ̫֮ǰҲûעЩԲꡣ
˵ǵȪǿĹЧҪҪĻȥһ̽أ
Сiʱ⧲֮лЩС
ûĵͻȻҾ֪ʮа˾ûô򵥡
ЦһСi·Ϥˣÿζǹ˵ЩãȻһһεĿ
ҾͲˣÿӺҶ˵ʲôôҿˣҪ˵Ļѵܹ𣿡
ĬĬ²һȴڴΰĻôߣǰƥǰߣôߣǶǵȽϼʵǺ񲢲أŷ
ͬĿϸĿţֳ֮⻹ûһ涼вͬƮš
ЩҲʲôͬ𣿡
ȻͬͬģŲͬļ壬˵ֻҪ嶼ͶٵǮȥĿľһεļ֮ȡһòͷ۪۪Ƶǽһͬʱָָ״컨ƲͬģεĽ⡣
Ǿޱģңз˻ģҡ
۪۪˵ǿһҲһһİЩ
С˵ôÿľɫҹӰȴΪˡ
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ȴͷϸϸĶϸһҹӰȥҷˣ׼̸ۺ飬ھһϵˡ
ߵһĬĬ³һ
УÿһĵܹȺǵ飬ǳŹϵҥ
̵ȻҲܸСĺ˼ҲеĹһһĹģԽǼۺľԽں档
ҪעһϻŮĻҪˣʱͿԽӻˡ
۪۪ΪԾԾԣȻ֪ʮа˾ԼǽӲģҪ鱧ϣˡ
¶ıأһ֮һӵ˾˵ˡ
ͻȻѯһ䡣
᲻ӽӵ˻Ļô죿
۪۪ʵһһ㶵ģϸ˼˰졣
ȻǿԸԸʹ⻨͸ŮӣԸĻôûŮ
ڻзȥ뵽ǰ鷢Ͻǽһ
ǻ˵ֵʱĿĻչ¶˵ǰֻ˽׵İٺϻ֯һȦһȦĻȦΧǰƥ֮ϣ󣬻Ҳǰѩɫġ
һȦһȦ˳棬վϷŮһɫĳȹ˶Χʵʵĸ߲ʣҲһѩɴ
¶εɫ۾дʣȻ֦պ¶ˮ·նһˮ
ĿתĿš
һЩϤе˵Χһ棬ͿŻŮһóһʻ
⻨ġҪмŵĻǰٺϻȻõӻԼҩӵԱߣɫĲͬűķźá
׳һߣȴ˭ûз֮¶һĨ΢Ц
̴ûиܹ㱻ĸо
ʶ⻨εıס
ϲˣ֪˵ĲҪ廹ǺܳʵģǰңΪҶԸȥա
Сi˷ܵߴߴԺ˵ͣ˵ģһƢûС
ǡ
ؽӹ˻˵Ŀ֮»˿
ûô򵥣̫ˡ
һСֹһͬʱסļ±˼ɫ⣬ֱӰѻ˹ȥ
㲻ǽ㣬ȻǵĶܹͣþտĿȸʣܹӴѡ֮ŮĻ˵Ȼͺ
۪۪˵ܹԵֿ
̻Ȼˣռ֮ĶúҪЩɺϷ·˾ѡ֮Ů


532 ֮

ûУӦΧ˷۪۪˵ۡҲһһϽͷ
𰡡
ҡҡ֣ȴû˴Ӧ·ڸϽͷ
û뵽̶һսˡ
ε˼㣬һ֣³㶼֪ĴڰɣƤܹصʱ
ΪĶۣҲֱӵ뿪ֳû뵽ȵͽǶԴ˸ӷûץס
ǾڴʱһĨµӰᡣ
ˮ̣ǧ
ǲҪŮŮǫͣԸǶǾ͸Ͻ뿪ɡ
û뵽ոջƤҩһϷֵȺ嵭֮תģ
ǣ
̸ӵĲ˼顣̧ͷ˵ģ֮ǰĻŮһޣɵĴ㽡
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۪۪۾һһģû뵽컹ˮ
Ǵ˵еĻŮҽңȻܹ㡣
ˮĵ˵ͷǴͷβĿϣû뵽ȴת롣
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ȻͣȴŲݾܾ
ҲԼûлؾأεĵ˵ӡ
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ͻȻһ־УĪŮӣԼɷ¡
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һᣬץסһᡣ
ڿ𣿾Աһģô
ˮȻԴҲûжƽϣͷͺȵǰȻŶԷһֹģǳǳЦЦⶼͶݸ̵ġ
ⲢƵĿ⡣
ȴĪЩ
ƺڼ֮УҲǵĿһжˡ
ߵһԣ¹ֵӰԵ÷ľףнȥֻ֮صĲֽڵϹǡ
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Ϥĳƺһ㶡
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̶Ĺùáˮͷ­ɫ壬һܸӵĹ£ʱ֮ܺϣȷǰȫġ
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ȴһ仰ƾʲôܹ㣿һǹҷɾأ
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ˮóķӦ֮һһԵ̣һ顣
Ȼ
ڲһʵʱ㣬ܹҺϣǡ
ˮ˵ҪõͲԵ飬̶ֻܹͨҪɣҲҪȥ裬õĴֻġ
ˮô֪Щ飬Դ˱ʾ˼顣
ô֪Щģ㲢⣬ֻ˵ʽõ˾ӵĻұҺϣҴҵһͶǡ
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Ůʿһ˫нܹҵʵ֤ǵİȫǵʵݣҲҶǡ
񣬿Բκ飬ǣռĽһţʱƣһ·龰
̾ʵΪֻܹȹܹӴԤʾŮĻ
ֻܹǰﵽкܶҲ¶棬ֻ˵㵽ӣϣ˼ܹס
ˮ˵Щ֮ͷҲص뿪ˡ
뿴нԶӰɵľЩ֡
̺ˮĹϵ
ɲ֪֮ǰһʲôݹϵܲɷֵĹϵ
ص˻˼̡
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һ˫峺˾ЩĪУ뵽ڳԼ׹ùõĴף붼ЩΣļ
ѵҾνļɫˣΪŮ𣿡
ҹԥĲһأ
۪۪һһ⻰֮ǰո˵ġ
鷳ӲҪģҸո˵Ļòã˾һԣ
۪۪ɲϣԼϲĶСͻȻΪĪ鷢ìܣȻ˵Ů⣬ϲĽҲʾ
˼䶼Ҫˣ㻹ִΪʲô
գô絭¶һذϢ


533 

ʲô
һԼȳ˶±ơ
ʲô
˼ľǷ۪۪ˡ
ովǰˣǴҹ㣬
Ҳ̫˰ɣô֪ġЦЦĿ붼ԼЦˣƺһӣԼȥˡ
ô֪ģҲǺҪ
εת˻⣬Ŀ˼µҲɵİˮʵݹ֮ڣ˶ڵġ
ҹ¹۲쵽еƣǳǳЦЦһҪԹϵķ۪۪˵磬ȥ
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ͬʱ뿪֮ǰҲ̺һร
оҭԶԣҲ㲻ʲô赭дȻһԴ׵ı飬ǣ΢и
˵Щʲô˼ѵͲܸҸղȥʲôˣ
һ˫ÿҶüֻܹЩ顭ԽԽңĻһʼͲҪ͡
ǸոչȾӵڷʶ˵ĺеĵ˵ͷ
ҲȥɣȻǻӦץסᡣ
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Ӧþڸɡҹ¼ȻոչȥİСߣĿľǸᣬһ㲻֪ûв¶ԡ
Цĵ˵ͷץ֣Ի͵Ĵһ˲߹һССĲݡ
˵ҲЩ죬ɫȥһϱŵƽʵĵ̻ûж٣ֻһҵǵһյơ
ĵĻš
ŶܹѾڴ˵ȴʱķҹӰ
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ĵ̧˲豭Цһ¡
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ѾѣͲȦ˵ˣ㾿кξǶ
׵˵š
˲豭Ŀ⣬ȴûͶݸתҹӰϡ
ȻѾ׼ĺôҲͿϲĸ˵ܹǣȥ轫Ҳûô򵥣Ҫ֪ĹĹĶֻоɳĹ
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Щô֪ģ
Ҳ֪ô򵥣̫ͬܣûġ
鲻Ѳ飬ϾɳѾҹ߾פô꣬ȥ˿ɢһĨ⣬ֶһԣƺԵޱȵ룬ַܲ棬һ鶼֪ɡ
ֱ̼һͷˣںòͷҵˣ˻һϡ
ȴ˵԰ɣҪȥ˰ɡ
ҵ󽫾ûõĻһ·;ͷβһ
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ͬĵ˵ͷץס˵֣ҪԿĻô֪¹˭֣˵黹תأǰѾȥôꡣ
֪ΪΣᵽǰؼǽ֣ȴû֮ǰĶʹС
˵⡣ҲܹҰοһ˵Լ˵תء
ɫ׵ɢһ뿪˲ݣֻ߲á
˱Сһ·ľϵĳǶδ̫ˣ˾Щ¡
вٵѲǵ·ҲĹ죬ܹǡôĶǵѲߡ
û顣
䳰ȷ²һ
Ͼ͵ˡҲˣ֪Լƿ֮죬˵Էת˻⡣
辿һԼ֮ǰĪеʲôϵ
һһ˼Щ⣬ǧ˿Ƶɻ󣬷·һߣԼŵľ
ֱڵִĿĵأƽƽСӣϿҲûʲôͻĵط
ǰš
ߣҲ֮ǰһֱ׷ѰĴ󽫾ƿš
վǰԩʮ꣬Ѿ߰ףͦΣһ˵ңһ־˵Ľ
Щ⡣
ӣǣ˵ˣٴ𣿡
Ҳһʱͷԣ֪¡


534 ǹ

ɫɢƺҪĮ¹γΪһƬгĻʶ߲
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ֽĿ⽥ƣһ׹µһΣϤĻƣԼе·Բǵġ
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ڲϵҪ涵·ԥš
ʲôҿɲʲô
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ǲʲô᣿ôܻǹء
һΣܾ鷢̫ͻȻʣµļҲû뵽һ龰
⡭
밲ļȻͬʱʾų
һߡҲǿӳµģ֮ǰǻ˺ôһҵԷһʼ趼ģֱϸ¡ų׵óĸж˳衣
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벻ˣͲҪˡ
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οɲʲôģǰŹ¡
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ڡ
ࡣ
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һᱣģġ
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ҹӰԴǵķˣûпж𣿿ݡѡѡܶ飬ҪлŶûС
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ӵļԸ񣬵ͬʱ˴Ǹ߰ģܹͬ˲࣬ɲƾԼνǰݾܹԼ
һԿ׺һԿףǾӵĻƺ˻䵱УǾ벻ĸʺĸжమ㡣


535 һж

ɲضӿܡҪǸԼŮһػıء
ԣʱͱľӡ
⣿ĻԿײԭֻⱦʯҪ̫ڣڲŵĶһݳİĻΪʲôⶫүүҵģ
үү
ĿƮɻѯһ
ŷϡİһ⣬ѵδ֣
һ֣ԴɣһȲ裬ҺҲʶˣȻ֮ǰڱĻҲáҲûܹʲô࣬ô
̸оԼۿ֮ᣬԭĸĸ
˼ûϣСؽۿȥ֮󣬲ż򵥵ذľһ
ĻֻʱǽġѸٵķ״̸ֻеĳ룬ɱΧ̶ֱѨĻƾһ㾫ĲӱȲ
ݲȵָָһԺȲ裬Ĭķ塣
ⲻǻһλ𣿡
ͬ˵Ľʿڹڻǵ
ĵ˵ͷ
ܹǵĺ٣ҪʣµֻܹԼ
ҹӰνʼ磺档Ҳö⣬ҲԲյġ
ЩҶ̫ںܹԼ赣ǵĿµͶ̣ǲ֪ǶԾζʲô˿ȥǹС
ǵĴڵ塣
Ϊ˱ģֻеһ£ǲܹΪá
Ǿûô򵥣ҵʲô֤ҿָǶԲԡεĴŪԿףȻǻܹǲӵһԿףȴܹĽһС
¶ѵÿɬЦݡ
򲻴ľҲ֪ڶԴУǹվ˵ģǧҪΪȲܻͣһʵĻġ
Ҳ֪ôżûкʵĻҲûʲôãٻܹϣ⣬䲻֪Ǻǻ
һ˫нôãڻǵġ
ҹӰ˶ۣ˵ļҲϣܹᶨһ㡣
·ͻȻ֪Լ
̿涵ӲͬʱҲζ
ڴضԴǰǷǷǣ˵ʵû̫ĹϵЩӦ
ʵЩ˴ɲ̫ƽϣȻԭ̵ģҲͬģԭųĸԵĻЩʦǸӲڴˣܹܲõԿףﶼҪһʺء
㻹˵һЩܹĻ
̾һСi˵úܶԣͬʱҲڸʹ
ֻӰ涴Ӱ·ٻʲô
ɫˮ
۪۪ŶԷĲֻĿʵ˼㡣
ҹܹһһεĴ飬ֲɵڰڳһйµģ
ϲ𣿡
۪۪հ⻰˵꣬ϽסԼͣﰵ̾һԼȻ֮ǰĶȫ׳Ժˣô죿
ʲôû˵ʲôû˵ȥֻǡ
żĲ֪ô졣
ҹͣ˽Ų˼˰֣ȥոյƫԷ۪۪۸Ҳ㲻һɰŮ治¡
ֻǣҹЩЦһǵģļ򣬡㻹Сﶮô鰡˵ͻᰮϱˡ
˵ţԶеĻҪᡣ۪۪ɴ˫ۣЩİ˹ȥĹĵ˵ô֪֮᲻ᰮϱˣҾˣϲ㡣
ԽദԽ˾Ƿһ㣬֪ץסԼ۾Լһݰôܹ֮ΪϾͻء
ȻСӡ
ȻʧЦ͵˹ſڣתҪ뿪СС˫ֽ֣ס֡
ðɺðɣҳҸո˵Щ˵ģ㲻ϲҾͲϲңܸһشɡ
ҹŴҪܵ͵ģθС
֪ϲ㣬ǽѾΪ˵ˣԿǿѵʲô𣿡۪۪ԼָͷͼҪ˵ԷȻкܶȱ㣬ҺôҲһĹߣĺġ
Ȼ̫ҹµʵݣʶҲòǱӪƽϵĹڸǲġ
㻹ǺúϢɡ


536 ֮

¹ĳӳŮϡ
۪۪Ͼǲŵ
Ȼ˵ԤϣǱܾһ̣ȴĺݺݵĳʹš
ðɡ
ǿ¶һĨЦ⣬̧ʧãã¹ֻʣҺɫӰĴƮ֮У
ҹת뿪˲ӽʼͬİ·
ҹӰεĴſ߳⸱ģҲ֪˵Щʲô
ô죬Ӧöһ㣿
ʹһģһ仰
ֻܹĶֵ˵Ȼ
ε̾һҹӰҲֻⷽһ顣
Ҳܸ̫飬ǻһ仰˵ĺ𣿵ԣԹ塣ҹӰɵ˵ĳ̶ֳϣӦûһǺܺõ𣿡
ҹ¿ûºЦǰһĿбӣ׼ֱӰĻԷ硣
㿪ЦģĲö˵ҹӰҲȣ֪δǻǲһ䣬˼СֻǸСӣҲҪ̫ˡ
Ǳ̨ҲԣСӼҼҵģڸûô뷨ԵĻ˾ˡ
ȥ˾͹ȥ˰ɡ
˶뷨ȴǿ̹ģǴŹһɳ徢Ը
峿鶯ɢˣ͸ңӳ봰
֮̾ǰʾаѻպãҲһС˼ŽʵƵϵ
òԵţ¶һΪѵӡ
ˡ˵ǹΪǵŮҪȥǵӪһˡ
Ծܾ𣿡ʶķһ䣬ʾ룬Ҳȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷ
˵ȥǿԵģǡͷõƴմʾ䣬˵ֻǽ㣬гȥ˼ǵڷǵĻ»˷顣
ο⣬ŷͬѰĵλ˼УûкͻĻ˳ǵΪϲߡ
˵ϣֻܹͷ
ʵҲûʲô£ǣˮ̫⣬ϵ֮ǰ飬ʶģԸ
ȥɣ԰꣬Ҵ
ֻܹѣȻƤ߽ϣȷ󣬵ԹȴݵĸԶ
üĿģϸϸǰ׼üȴ鶯еĽ
ҪĻҲԲᵽֵز̱۾ƾϸĸԼü㶼ûи㾿ʲôϵô֪ģӾͲˣɵʵȻжˣҿһŲ֪
⸱鶯ģεĵ˵Ķͷ
ѽ֪˵ʲôã֮ǰ˵ֻĳʵݸ¶ˣæ˸ԲֺαضԴ˶ᡣ̶еһ㲻Ӧӹɵ𣿡
С֮󣬷ŷüʡ
۾ܹеԼ˵ס
üļԽԽˡż⣬ӡһǣ۵˵һҶˣ´εĻҾ
Ĺգĺһȴſɰζ
˳˰۵ա
˭ᱳ̶
Ŀ£Ȼ˵Ĳˮ㲻Ϻá
ˮȴģƷһŴɻӣģĿͶݸ˽ҰΧڵӰ
þòˡ
̧˲豭ʾ⡣
ȴĥ͸ˣ֮ǰ˵ĺڹ¹Ϊ˲Ļͼ
Сġ
˶ߡ˵š
֣ͬصĵ˵ͷһĨ΢Ц
֪Ƿпա
ܹоܾȨ𣿡
̺ЦͷߵߣȻȻ¡ĸһˮƵĴһƾڿǻ֮ӡ
ƺûȨһϻ˵úãףԵúһ㡣
ŮΪݸȨݲ˵֡
ֻһȥ𣿡
˼ѯһ
չֻһǲ⡣ˮѵû̫ƢĺǽһҲңֵǹؾӣκ˶ܹı䡣
ƽܹͣŮ룬Ѿòˡ
ҵòҪ˹ûʵɡ
̲Ӵսߣƾ˿˵


537 һиùã

ɲǼ΢ɲ죬޶˵ľ˲խķС
ܹлֶ̿Ի
γԣ
ˮĥŴʾ䣬ѹýһ㣬Ʋȥž롣
ȻҵĺֶŮ
Ȼǿ佱һ˵㲨ɱԾһĮ
޷͸ɴˮε뷨ܹ֮в׽ŵ
ĿǲǴһʼҡ֮ǰĺ룬Ŀľ˶ĿʾһȥԱߵǶ뿪ֻˣ˵ôɣѾˣٸǰһҸ̤ʱͷҵʵˣҲǹģֻһڶѡ
󵨵Ʋ⣬ɲ̫ɺϣеɺȫײһϣ̫СˣǱȻ
µû
ˮɵƣ˼֣ǿش̵⡣
µĺܶԣȷһҾ˽˵飬㣬ȵʱˣұŽеɣѻ㡣
ãҴӦȥһ
̴Ӧĺܿ죬ӯΡ
붼ΪôͬˣһԵЩã
ôͬˣ
˵ͬⶼ뿴ҪЩʲôϾѾô¡
ȻܹܵԷıģȴĪ̸ͷβûиܵκεɱ
ˮ˼ԥӦӦðʵȫ˵
ϵ飬ˮҲ֪
ֻܹ˵ЩȷӦÿϲ˵Ӧûһùá
һ㶡
֮ǰԼǰҪ󣬱Ͼ֪֮УǰѾ׵Ѫϵϵܡ
ѪԵϵ˻վǰ
ģ
ʶҪܣȴȰĿ
ֻҪȥѯʳ´󽫾һܹȷĴ𰸡ңˮвյġ滹ҵ֡
ֹҪ̵ͷСʱ򰡣ϲҵԱʳԣϲ¼ӹǣ˵ԵǹֻҪԾҼùãȻǻġ
ֻֻһսһж˾㡣
ǶΪˡˮεı˫ۣʱҲڹ棬ҲΪˡ
ö˵ˡ
֮ĻĿ΢ǡ
Һ飬һûһǣ̶ʱѾܹܶħˣֻͽա
ˮֹΪͬĵ˵ͷ
һϣܹȥһȪϾǿá
ǳͰ
Ȼͬ˵ġҲֻϾߣһ¡
¡ҲǵĻıʣԵˮݲȻظǵ⣬ȻԴ׼ҲȫķԸװˣֻҪһȥͺá
̵˵ͷͬʱҲǵСi˵ĻȥȪһ
һ·еҪӵƹɽܹУɲĲ塣
徿Ǹʲôĵطûʲô
ʵ˶ռΪͨҲûʲô𡣡ˮεظһҲȻ˵֮ѪԵϵˣ֪δֻķˮܺãҺɽмȪܹԡˣʶһյĹЧ
һ۾λε
ǹùû԰Ȫˮȥ
ǳһۡׯûлʶô˵ܵصΪʲô˲һ
ùãûӦ˰ģǵá
Ծǳµ𣬻ʶķӶ߸ɣǵݷ
ûʲôƲ˼ֻǾÿиķչռ䡣
ز׽ˮһζ꣬Ǻ˼ά˵ȻȪˮյĹЧĻȥһݡ
˵ĺ˲ףһʵгвռ䣬֮ǰҿһװ꣬ȻҲһЩݻƷȻָĹ˿͸õЩݻƷȫԺȪˮϵһ𵥶
ȪˮֶǴȻȡ֮֮ߣһСƿĥһ³ɱͬʱҲȫ⡣
ȫһ׬ѵùþͲ׼һ£


538 Ȫ

ҡ
ˮ֮£Щǣ˼Ƭ̷˵ҿǿǰɣңһҲ
Ȼ뷨̣Ҳίȫ
û˹ùãúͺãͬĻһ׮˻ֺҪǲͬĻҲûйϵ
ҲûаȰ˼ֺؿһ۴⡣
ǻֱӵȥȪˮһģ˵Ҳ⣬Ͼڱ˿жд̡ķʵݵĻҲܹȫ
СƮԼСֶŮĿ峺
ǳǳЦЦס֡
ùãɲҪСңĲ˵һԱġ
һ·۶ɽԱ֮ԺдУһֻ֦ͷĸ質š

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ЩʯɫҲƯʯ·á
Ȫˣץʱ䣬ʱˮҲǹ˼ݣߴ٣·ĵطǰ棬ҾţһʲôҾͺá
ǳǳĵͷȹ߱ȥ˵ĵطľݸǳɵһ򵥵Ļ¼䡣
СȥѣȻȪһȥ;ûƣѾϴڶȪˮɢ
Ȳ˵ģҪ֮˼̡
³һеſʯŪˮ
Сiȴʱǡôĳ
֮ǰһֱںԼ״𣿡
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Ͻ˵Ļɵÿˡ
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ˣҲҪ̫ʵأܼ򵥵ģҲûеôӡ
㵹Ǹҽһ£ʲô顣
ʵڴ½ҶթһĹֽ쳯ڼҲаӿ
̸ͣͣͣϽֹҪµ˵ȥҪӼǰʼ˵ϻ˵һҾʲô顣
Ƿ֮󣬶쳯Ź̫С
֮ǰЩݶ˵ˣԭʵ̫Ĺҵĸأ
ͻȻˣڻ֮л˸һԼˣԭȵغΪ硣
ӦԭһģԲԣ
Ϣ϶þ°ͣԡ
ڰЩãȻ
˵˵ʱǽǮѵ㲻֪𣿡
ȻյȪţǲɵЩ٣;ûġ
ʵĸأǳ㡣ϲⲻ⣿
лһôľϲ
ҧгݣˮԼϴ˰ϣԼܹ侲
⾪ϲ̫ϲˣһ㿳ˡ
̵ĸ磿ĲԸʵ
أԭҵĸ硣
ϵͳǲǹҵģ³һǿԼʵ˾ͲԸţң϶ƭңӿҵġ
СiɲֻˣҲ֪ˣûа취
ϵͳûйϵʱԶƥʺģЩԭ˳򣬱޷ĵġ
ʲ졣ãϢ֮ԭûκεĹӦ
ȻĻǲҲ˵ԭԳûô⡣
Ʈ̵õǵĴ𰸲΢иһ
Ĳ˵˵ԭжԳ㣬Ļ֪δ
ֻһһˣԴԱɴֱȪ棬ƾȪཹཱུϴԼ塣
˵ȪˮǿյĹЧôЩأ
СiǸʱٿȫһ
ˣҪù˵ЩܶȫȷǿЧСʱʻԵĸһ¥
ĵĵͷȻܹЩȪˮתɰ׻ӣҲǷȪˮԴḻˮѭЧܺá
ǣСiһ¡һĨڱصõ΢Цѯʵһ¶ʱһƿȪˮÿƿԼʮģЧҪòŻȪˮʧ
Сiظܿ졣
ͷģٶȥĻʲôʧɲҪСȻˮѭʹȻ
ȻʧĻⲻһʺ
Դ˷Ķ


539 

ʱ˵Ҳ˵Ҳ졣
̶ԡҲµĵطݸȪСʱоϵǣıų
𣿡
ˮǵԶһ峿વવԵò
ˡ
¶һĨǳǳ΢Ц󣬱̻ص֮ǰ·ĵط·ϣȷ˵оԼƤԵıøϸˡ
νǿ壬ʱ᲻
һȥ̱Ǳˡ
ùѵٿǿֻ˳ʻܹøã𣿡
ɲǾûϲ㽨仰˵š
ˮЦЦĵ˵ͷ
֪СѾͷӶģ鲻һܹõġҲ˼ɣǣ߻˵ʮĵĻһȥ鳤һˣ峤úģֻܹȪˮȥ
á
Ȼлᣬ϶ץסᣬĵ˵ͷ
һ·⿩ʻţ˶õʱ䣬ܹʻۼء
õݶѻӣƮʵϷοٵĴȤֻԶԶĿš
˲Ը뷨˵š
ϸĴһΣҲǷ˲ͬѰ
ȻǵСӣʵҲܿ;вͬ
ķҲǣ峤סĵط
£峤ȻЩԸܺãơ
ˮһ˵ţһ߱ǣ֣ƿš
峤ڷݵ룬ƽƽ棬ҲûʲôΰʿԳ֮ΪͽıˣֻпݻƵĵΧһ̺Ķ
ڡ̺һıǣгģ滹зĻƣɫıʼǣò̫
ٶȽĿ⽥ƣܹ峤ȻȻƺҲµĦϣĴȱ
ü۶º͵ģᡣ峤ЩǣѯʵŮԡ֮󣬾Ӧðͻȥôʲô𣿡
⻰ǳˮ˵ģ̰һһԲ
Ҫ㡣
Ҳżɽһѡ
峤º͵ĿͶݸƺѯҪ˵Щʲô
ʵһϵҪ峤֡̾ؽ¶˵ãҵ뷨˼룬ܹòǸãҲʲô¡
е渵
֮ǰȥһȪأȪԴǷḻҶǴȻĥһŲ˵ʽǵҪԺǲǿ΢ã
峤ҲĻȾ˼֮С
ȷ˵ܵ͵ұԭʼũֻܹ򵥵ԼˮƽΪ£һ¸ĺʱ
ܹ֤ٻȪ峤׳ʣǶԣȪؾǼһ
һܹ֤ɽȪˮӸߴ˸²űȪ̳ŵĺһһöȻʵ϶үһ뷹ԡ
峤ĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵ĻԳԡ
ҲϣģԲҵĹ˼ʱÿ»ȡһЩҵĵз߷ֳɾС
롣ҲֻǰѶԼĵзҪ̫ľҿԼҹùõ棬߷ֳѾܺˡ
峤ȴҡҡͷ
ǡ
̿ںĶ˷ֳɻû˵ȴʵ޻˵ֿ
峤ȻҲĿǡ
ңҲҪ鷳ÿιѶȥ
岿佲һǲ̫Ը뵽ʳķ֮УԻ鷳˹һˡ
á
ȻѾһļϣҲܼ򵥣һЩƿƿ޹ޣȴ˴Ȫˮȥ׼ĻصѰһЩÿװƷΪٰȪˮȥ
Ȫˮ⣬ҲĲ߻֮·չݱġ
Ҳ˵ʱĹ˸Ӻ⾿ħڣԤϵһĲС
Ҳ׬ģֳɣټ֮ǰ˸ÿװȪˮһƿĳɱ˼֡
˵ŮǶӾΪЩÿȥ򣬾ǮĺֵãȪˮЧĺܺá
ڼ̵ӵʱȴյϢ
˵ϣﻹйӣһˡ
ԼĶ·ͻȻ¾ô򵥡
˶Ҫȥһ𣿡
ò׼뷨
Եĵ˵ͷ


540 ʵ

ȵȵ֮У֪˻ߴߴؽиͣǵķҵġ
ֻܹĺԸ˵ȥ֪ͨǣ׼ãһȥ
治֪Ϊ˺£ǣͻȻİǴȥܹõ϶ʲôĽۡ
˵Ӧô죿
װһ֮Ŷ룬˵
֪Ϊ˸мǾ÷ʲôɡ
ĥʱ䣬ûгʲôģѵ֮ǰеɣ
еɻ󣬰ڳһνģɲš
ҹӰҹҲһЩװǰߣһīɫĳۣԵ˶Ȳ١
׻˵ĺ˿װ첻ԼЦ˭ܹ뵽ڴһװ֮󣬿ͦ˧ģȻǷװħ
ҹӰ޿κΣ˵ȻһޣĿ֮¶ʾˣһνģ
ϾƷ߻úõǵĵӰ֮ϣ˭֪Ǿˣ
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࣬壬۪۪ͷĸ˺ĳϣ˲
۪۪ûи״ˣǳǳס̵ı䡣
ˣ⼸û㣬Ϊǳʲôأ
ô˵ţĿȴ̿ҹµ
֣
ŭ֪εĿڵ̡
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ǻ۾ϣǵӴ˼㡣
۪۪Եŷࡣ
˵Щʲô
ˮ֮УɻĹâʶ̵䣺Ƿʲô鰡ᣬԸôãô۾ϣ
һ͸ĸͽͣп϶ʲôᣬҸҲǲͨˣֻҪˡ
ˡ俴ƴҪΪ˿ѵģѹסеĲ죬֮˵ˣѹûа㵱£Ҫ˺òá
Ρ
۪۪ĺܺãµѾԼ®ɽĿֻܹĲƤߡ
ˣ׹ŭҪ֣ʵǧڴˣ˵
̵ȣƺûΪ̫
󣬾᲻ɴݵοΣҲɱ
Դš
Ȼϣ֪֮ҲԸ˺棬Ͼԡͬǲߣ¶ʵӢգƮƮģֹڴ˵Ļ»̺ӹ𱨡
ԭǱģ׵ҽκ˷ԺȨѾǵˣǿǹľˣˡ
ҺйصĶԹԹǿ쳺ƴ׷ɱģûаĹϵ

ʵ͸˵˰ɡ鶯վźһľӦú쳺ûıȫĲȣЭң
Ȼ˵֮⡣
˵Ǻѵⲻͬ𣿡
ȻԴ˱лɵ̬ȣȻϽ˵ҲҰģҪǾǿԺʵҪ̲
ĻҲûӦԼӣֻǹ⣬ûκεͷ·Ͷ
ɴݲȣζĿ⣬ͬĿӹȥ
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ѵ𣿡
۪۪κġǵĶԻ֮ˣ࣬ȻĴ֮ǰƭҲ׵ȷͶ·Ż²ߡ
Ҳ֮ĸ顣
Ů֪Ϊ˵ǲȥģŮľá۪۪ջǾվ˳ϾǵľˣĶѵĲ𣿿ô飬׾ٵĴãģ
̹¶һĨм΢Цͷβû÷۪۪
лл
ͬ鸴ӡץסص֤ݣ߸ǵ֪̱˵ʵ֮Ϊѡ
ӦӦնݳܲܺͳĺ
ǹҪһӶ˵ıϢ֮´Ļɿǵ뷨
ҹ³Ĭã׵ĶԥĿ⡣
ʵһܼ򵥵ѡ⣬һɱ쳺ģһǼװ·Ҳõ׶ĵز
˵ĺ湫ȣȻ


541 һ

չ˵زҶҪ˼һ֮ǰô򵥵С¡
ǵһһŸ档
ʵϣܹ˼СϾиϵһܹ˼ҲΰҲΡ˵Ǿˣڤ粻Ļ¹˭֣˭˵׼ء
಻ϲֱвĸоʵȴˣֿ
ĬţȻڰǩ˺Э飬ڰԸ͸¶κ
ЦһԼĸʣϺꡣ
Խǵ⣬ʵԽ࣬ҲԽֻܹ࣬ˡ
۪۪Ҳ֪һ
áһҲ뷨䣬廹۪۪߰ɣʣҪúõĺ̸һ̸
ֻϵĿɢˡȴÿһЩĻѾˣ˼顣
ôܹ˸İΣ˭Ҫ
ҲûôɵǾ֣Բ֮𣿡赭дȥʣŴǣ޵ʶ򣬡ģûôɵұͬŹһˣȻĻͿּ뿪
ڵĵкܶ࣬ľӣĹùá
Ҳãŵƣһţһӵסο
ԵĻʶУȴҪ⡣
ˡֻǳҡҡͷ󾯸Ļ⣬Ҫˣʹľӿɲˡ
ر棬ĸɱˣҲĴֻΪɱһ˺
ĿϸĴһ
νģʼ̾һǶ²Ϊ⡣
ȻѾˣȴպţһʲôҲϽԹЧ
º͵ĻȷŨصıġ
ȻʧЦѵ˵زôҲܹԼʵء
ɴֱӵ뿪
۪۪Ŀ⺬ŵǣ촽ȴʴӣüĿɢ
㡭
ں̲ʱ
ңҲԹЩʲôģֻ۶ѣ¡
֮ΪһĿºܹͣƵϡҲǵı£˵ĻҲҪġ
̲סһ
̻û˵ȴһڸס˷Ŀ⡣
ͲҪٹ˼ˣˣ͸Ͻ뿪ɡ
УǳĲ
ʱ䡣Ϊǵ뿪ռ¶Ҳ
ѹû뵽ߵֵزǡ
û뵽ܹѹ˱Ƶֵز
˵ţĿϬͬһѳֱɨȥ
볶ǣЦһûκβ˼
һ仰´Բˣʤ˼ɣ֮ǰ̶Ҳû̫ĴͣʵǲͬѰ
ģȻҲܹ²ʱԷ뷨
㱻˵Ҳŭ
ˣȻѾµǿɷ뵽ջǽй
̹ϵҡҡͷ˵Ŀǰӡ
ù˵زɣʼղ⣬ΪͻȻǰ
ڼܹеȫúܺãĵȴĥ͸ԷǴ﷢
ҹӰͬɫţΪ޷ļƻشǶء
ĬȻƬ̲ûиǻشֻǳǵ˵ţʲô鶼߸ǣҲǹˣʲôƶûˣܹô򵥾ͽ𡣡
һ仰˵ĺ̹ϣп϶ͼȷ򶯣˹֮С
쳺ʼĸ󻼡
˵ĵ˾ѣǹܹٵһЩĻջ񲢲ʧ
ڴʱٶȳòҪĹȰˡ
ѡȨǣ̲˵ԽԽ÷Լڱ¶ԼĶ̴ԣֻǵĳһʵѡ
õĳĬ֮УӶԷܹܺĿԶ˫˫ĬǰѴ𰸽Լǡ
ʩҵһȷеĴ𰸡
вȡ
ھ֮ͬУò̡
ǡ
Ǿ֮𣬿ھ˵Ǳһ뵽鲻ԽЦ
Ȼܹѹ˱ƵֵزԸ䲻Ȼǣܹ֤ǵİȫҲǵˡ
ڳһѱģʵǶ֪ҡ


542 ϲ

⴦ʽеĻҪɣЭԺǻһ絭ĳԸ
۪۪̤ڵʱһȷӰ
֪֪Щ鶼ˡ
ȻǵʵҲǼܹ֪ڹڳϻҪƤߡǰбǣȴҲԸǣǷǷǡ
ĳ̶ֳϣڵ䲢Ҫһǣ渴ӣҲԸ
һԵǾ㷹ͬʱҲּԸȥһְٰ
俴ģҪ֪ĿľΪͨй¶̵˵ʵݣȻݺӴķ壬˳İڿѾȫԤϡ
սԲƣȻܹɸΪ񲯣ҲϣԺ·ܹߵøӳԶһЩ
˵󷽡
ֻҲףֵؾǳ㡣
¹įʹ°գ˫ۣΨ⡣
̰һѾƣϴɫĹ⡣
Ķᣬס֫
ţͳĶߣĪǺˣ
ҲŲأҪʲô̵ĻѲ˹ϵҵиˡɵЦţȵγģֻ˵ıӣɳÿѽȻôÿĻҵѹկ˰ɡ
˵Ҳƫ
һƣ⸱ǵģõһ񣬰ʾϽ뿪
Ҳֻܹ뿪
ϾյһҲڷеҪˡ
ĵƿţȻЦǺǵһڡ
ɲ׼ܡ˵ʱʱ죬ץס䣬С롣һǷ쵱ɲ׼ܡ
˾ƣظһ仰֮˴ϡ
⸱ģֻܹΪһˮմʪëʼϵĺˮ

⸱ȡֵģҲ֪Ǻã鲻Խ̾һԱԼҳϡ
ȴջĽͻ˻Ҫ˵ԼϣȻҧһڡ
𡣡
ͳ·ڸ޶˵ջԡ
ȴڶĬĬ˵һ䣺Ȼ㶼ѹկˣ磬ҲŬһ㣬ȡջһСӣ
ôõķƯϣиҡ
ѵʱȻᱳʹߺ˵ļ˯죬һܹҺɫĺƣǽε֮ϡ
ôˣ
֪ʲôȴ̲סĶŪ
ûģͷһҴ򣺡㾿ʲô£ѵԼ֪𣿡
Ҳ˵š
εĵ˵ͷ
úúã鶼ҵĲԡ
һ˴βŽ͡
ҹӰҹλĵֻܹĬĬĹ۲ģ
ò׳̺͡Ĵ۾ҲǺɵĽŹâ
֮ǰȥһ˲壬峤춨ĺԼһʷȪˮҪʱĹȥȪˮԲ鷳λˡ
ҹӰݺݵҧ˵޵ǺֶΣ֪ɷȥˣ
һЩҪĮĿ飬ȥԶ̶̣ȥһ˾ˣǺúϢҲԡ
ǵء
ҹµû£ˬĴӦˡ
Ҳæĸǽһ
ǲʲô飬ֻȥһЩȪˮͺˡ
Կ㲻ʲô
ǣֳȥʲôҹӰȻǴɰʵףһҪʵõѵʲôһҪ𣿡
ʵͽĿⶢţѵõľЩڡ
ҲҪ̫࣬Ҳûʲô£ǣȥҷ塣ҲԼĿȻǵʵѾ¶ǴǵĵأҲᡣ
ϲϲ޹ؽҪͷβҲЧǵġ
ɷǿ£ĹؼûбֳԵ̬ȣҲ˺ʵ뷨
ЩҪȥɡ
̬һҪǰȷϺá쳺ԶĶʱըǲ׷ŹԼġ
Դųֵ֪׿̲ݻղһ
µõľֻǾ񲿶ӣܹ͹ӴؽжԱȣ
ܹӵõصı顣ҹӰаԵ̾һҡҡ֡
뷨ˡ
ȻˣǻϽȥ塣


543 ⾪ϲ

ǺǾͱ·̵˸ȥȪǹƥȥҷ塣
ҹӰҹ¶û壬һŲ֪ѵþϲ
ƺ겻ɽһĨصɴļõȻɫεĵǵСˮɽƣˮƣˣܹɳŸƵ
˵ľɫ޲ĳİȴĮ
ò׵˳أҲֻԹš
ҹӰԵЩε㣬ԼıǼ⣬ѯʵôǡǲʲô飬оһǾͲ̫Ѻá
ûʲô£ǾԸϲԾס˺İоԡĸǽ͵ҲҪ̫һԺҪڹȪˮġ
˵ţҲɵЩռе·Ҫ棬ʢǾͰڷС
峤Ҳһյģλá
ˡ
ҵѣҹӰҹ¡ĸ峤һЦޣνܹ󣬲ŴԼͳһƱǳɹϣеʧ
֮ǰҲûȷȪˮƶ۸ж٣˵Щˮ
Ҳϣ峤ʧˡ
峤ȴѵþ㵵
ô᣿
һʱ֮䣬Ҳò׼峤ǾǮ̫˻̫ˣֻܹӹ磺Ҳ֪۸ܹܲ⣬ЩƱܹôĴǶϸΪõķˣҪ߽ĻҲԸϵ
峤̾Ϣָжͷβû뵽ܹ׬ôǮ
֮ǰǿˮϣ峤ܹ׬ǮҪǵȪˮȥþȥðɡ
ȻеССĲᣬǺϵȽ˵Ҳνģû뵽һãȴ˷ջ
ܴĻȡȪˮĻܹøá
̾Լܹٹĵһ¾Һˬˮ֮ĶȪˮЧüţ˲ȫ
һƿڻе٣ǵñ˶׷ǰ
⵹УⶫҪǲõĶ˵Ļ»鷢ŭ峤ϵ˵ţͲٴˣ״ͺܺˣһжӳ飬ɡ
ִģҲ˵ͷʣǲ֪ûʲôвҩԲժģЩӦòܵưɡ
峤ҡҡͷԶвҩȶûйĹ涨Ҷ洦ɼ
˽ܵ飬вҩҰҰһձ顣
ҪǶЩȤĻھͷԸˣǹȥ
˷ܵĵ˵ͷһϱӴܸȫĵͶȥ
ˮѾȴʱˡ
̵ƿ˳ʱ򣬱ܹϲõգš
ùã
һлˮĶһ룬Ҳ̸Щʲô˵Ȼ˵ĻҴȥɽһĲҩıȽ϶࣬ҪʲôժһɣȪˮҲѾǱˡ
Ҳ޾ϸ׼ĸ峺ȪˮѾһܴĲܷźˡ
Ƕлùˣùϸ糾ЦǺǵģûйùõĻ½죬Ȫˮ鶼ôý
̶ûҵôÿԴȪˮҲǻһ๦
˵˵ЦЦʱ˺ɽɽŨ࣬һսܹŵ֮ɢһµĲҩ㡣
ҹ¶ѵø̾һ䣺û뵽ƽƽĺɽвҩ˷ḻĵطٵĲҩȻܹ档
ͬʲô֥˲Ρһƽ
һһصҰ
ɰʯʯЩţвҩЩʯҩƷܹҵ¾˼ðùðĲҩѡһȥܹٵǮأ
Ȼ˵ţʵ϶Щҩҩüֵߡ
ǰҹѵõ¶ϲõı飬Щҩ֮ǰȱǼλȻ̤Ьٴȫѹ򡣡
ԣûʲôĲҩڳǰе˷ܵˡ
ͬĸܡ
ȻܹҵƲݣн
˸˼֣ܹõôĲҩȡһΪеܹϼٱӡ
ɲɷⰮŮǣΪܹʲôز
ùãвҩܹĲժ𣿵Ȼܹ߼۰ЩҩҲǿԵġ
Ȼü۸֮ؼҵһط˷ḻҩԴƷֺãѡ


544½Ϣ

ۡУĵƷζһ衣
ԱţһԲ롣
ǰν֮ǰ飬Ѿ𣿡ĵ˵ţݲȵŴ꣬ƺΪΪ˺飬ҲѾ˵ˡҲѾǵˣֺαعң
֮е֮ǰĹϵƲøһɶ
ڵˣʲô鶼Ըˡ֮ǰΪв㣬ԲŻ²ߣ
ɿ⸱ѵģ
ȴȻҡҡͷ·֣Щɫ뿪ڿףֻʣ˿߽
㵽׺ЩʲôѯһΪ֮ǰѡҲ֮飬ֻøһҲѡ
¶ǵѡ˿ѽܵģҪһеĴ𰸡
ߣбӹȥʵ͸˵ɣһֽڶܹǱ˴˲͹ҵ̬ûôҪʵ̬Ȳ֮ء
⻰˵꣬ȴּ豭һ͡
ǽж
˼Ŀ⣬˵Ҳ˼򵥡
ǽж˭
ࣿ䣿
ʶģȰܵĶųȥУҪǷ䡣
Ȼ˵Ļõ˴𰸣ҲԱ㡣
ͷҲص뿪ȴһֽ䣬ȴѰٳӿ
뿪ģݲȵĵŴǣȻԵÿ̫ʦϣԡ
ֻţ֮
ǧҲѰٵ˺ʵвҩһһʰãű
룬ռһټĲƿװȪˮ
ˮЦЦԴο
·Сġ
Ȼһ¶˼棬ÿѪ֮еƭ˵ġ
ãҲҪСġĳĶ䣬ض˼ʽ֧֣ܹɴ¡ǲ˲ῴɡ
Ȫˮܹգ֮һ벢ܹ뵽϶ǲȪˮͬʱҲģԴ˻ɱ֮
һͱˣֶŮˮοļû뵽뵽ȥԾ˵û˸Źʼնоη֮ģǾҪĹĻɾûǺùӳˡ
õĴ𰸣һ
ǲҪģɲϣΪǴֻ
Ȼһƽнţɽľȴǵڴ֮¶ȹļ졣
һ㿴ϤҽһĨЦ
룡˷ܵسȥһ˲壬ջϲ÷Է㲻֪жˣȥȪˮʱ򣬻ֺɽкܶвҩЩҩ裬Ʒء
һ뵽ܹ׬ʴʵǮðˡ
뺬ЦӣҹӰҹ³ʲô๤˾ֻܹЩɵǰ
Ҳæɡ
ǰֿ졣֮ǰѾ˵Ĳҩѽ˷档
ҹӰ
⸱ģʵûʲôջȥһ˷壬ôֿտյģѵˣ
ڵڣֻﻹһűֽǵѾˡ
⣿
ҹһΣҲǿ߬ŵһֽ
ֽģ
ûпʲôݣ׼ǻһϽѶʰãȻ󿴿ʲôӡ
ͬʱĵ˵ͷѲҩŵ˲ֿ棬Ŷ룬㿴СȪˮעе̡
ɫƿʰ쵵ĹͬЩҲӦһŽС֮ϡ
գգ۾ûж˵
ʲô顣
ֱһƿˮװϲ̧ͷǣȴźġ
Ǳ˼ˣ˵ɵĻûйı¶ǸҵһСֽ
İʵ渵Щš
ǿĻӣ˭ôܹأ
Դˣ֪
ҹӰͬҲģ֮ǰܹó۵ģڳ͢еʱ˵ڻͷΪβĻС
ҵһ󵨵뷨֪ûҹ֮ǰһֱĬڷǱǵĻѣûͳкûв´Ļ֮ǰص˾Ƿ䡣
ȷһֿԣǵǵ֮󣬱Ҫͨնݳ
΢䡣


545 ĩҾ

ƺΪһ仰֣֮Ҳ䵭
һûʵ
Ļ鷳һСϸһȻŰֽ֮ڣܹһֽĻǾ֤ڱ˼ˣʱҪ
ÿһֵϢܴ
˼ĵ˵ͷĻ͵˲ɵ͵ء
㡣ҡҡͷʱûг׵ķھᡣ黹л͵أɱһ»
з»붼ЦˣȻһֽȼմƾĹʧڿ֮УǺֶΣһ򾡣ʯ١
ܹ顣
ܹһһεĽЩʲôأ
Ҫ౧̫ڴ룿
𾪵ǣǰֽڻϽԿǻҷĻҽ棬ȻһС֣͸²ܹ֡
̻Ľһλ˳Щ¡
Ҫڴ룿
ҹ·׽ظһ飬йڷǻʷ
ҵ֮ǰɹδǻʱ򣬾ɱֵܣֱеĶȫնʾڣŵ˻λ
һʷĿģΪ֮ǰѪֶε˻λʹ˶֮ġ
ǡ
޵ĳһֶ֪վġ
ûмǴĻǰҲһɱ䣬үҪıֱӽһǵȫϴ
ü˵ѪֶҲƽһμ˵Ĳ𾪣Ǻܹ׾ΪȨɱ˲Ѫô˵δĳһ죬ҲΪٻա
ڲˣտ϶ԹԡѸٵĵó˽ۣĻҪλҲʲô£ֻڲ
άֱϵƽͣҲʲô¡
ĵ˵ͷҲͬͬ뷨
ʵһˣӲ򵥣Ҳܹ׾ٵķŹǡ
ôԸŹ֮ǰĿѾΪ˼ȶʵ
Ҳıһְٰ䲻ܽ׵ҫȨϣܹԼ
ҵġ
ԴˣҲԼ϶Ĵ⡣
ҹӰȴɵþúЦҲĴȤ˵
˭ܹ뵽ݣڳ֮Ȩ¸صֻһƷ֥С١
Ҳˣܹ˳֮۸ӵҲʲô
µĲͷԣ۴ں־أܹĵݷͬɭ֮еߣֻҪ˷ɣֱӵץסᣬҧס˵Ѩ
̵ӾͱȽϼˣæ⡣
Ȼǲҹǰȥ߳ҵҪһ㾿ܹӦԵʲôʱ򡣡
Լ֪˷ܹսʤҲףԸ֮ǰѾֹһΣڲԴС
ȥװҲԽԽˡ۪۪֪ģҲ鷳ټҽŮŽ䴫ˣżҲ˿С
֢Ҳڻ£ȻһԵ
̿ɲԼҽҽ氦̾ʼԡ£Ȳˡ
ȻСiܹһЩĻڿǿǡ
һ˵ﵹˣ֮ǰ˵ʱСiûиԼ
Сiʲôʱ򶼿ʼڹˣ֮ǰİࡣ㶼ûиҽ
㲻Ҫģ㱸ˡһεĽһľϲĿǰҵϵͳѾɹ˰汾һԸ㿪һС͵οռ䡣
⵹۾һȻԼƾյĶһʵ޻ָ
ԺʲôҪЯֵı͵ȥԲصС͵οռ棬ֻԼƾܴ򿪣˶Ǵ򲻿ġ
۾һⶫǾӼұرҩֻҪܶ鶼ðˡ
˵ȫͿԷ棬ֻţͻȻоտյģͷһö˶˹ŵıʯҪͻȻʧˡ
⣿
ջʷϵĵһ±ƣľ˵
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Ŀ࣬ǲš
Сiĸһ
ҲҪʲôԣҪΪҵϵͳ֮󣬿ûĸġӦúúõĿ佱һУҲ˰汾˶ڴ棬ܹһСռ䣬ߺߡ
Сi󻹰ĺ˼С佱һ


546 

һСͿռ䣬ȷܹ١
ͻȻҲ뷨ѯһǼȻĻܲܰһЩĶСռ
Ȼ˵ԻﻹûʲôȤһ
ǿԣοռķΧԲܹ˷ŽȥҪǷŵʲôСӣСèС֮ĻǿԵģҪʱĸͶιʳȻʱǾͻˡ
־꾡ĸһνοռ䣬ֻǱĿռѣʲôûУʳĻŽȥ䲻ᱻų⣬ҲȻ
ռ䵽жܵøҸװɣҺ֪ʲôԷŽȥʲôܷš
̲ҪŰ֮ǰЩжСƿӷŽȥԺҪ˸ץʱ˭ȻƿӶȥҵֽ¡
ͲűܹӦĹĶ컹Լʶ죿
Сiµ뷨Կ϶
˵Щ뷨ûģϲĻһЩûʲô⣬жʮ׵Ŀռ䡣
Ҫ֪ǣѾ˼꣬ϵͳ֮Ŀռ䡣
ҪԺҪôӵÿһζΪѾͺˡ
֡
СiԺڿѧҪһҲûʲô⣬ؼÿһҪôǾЩˣҪôд۸ӹϵˡ
˵Ҫ˾ˣʵÿһζԼ档
СiεЦ˼Ϊơ
ûа취Щǳ涨ģֻɨΧĻַϳ򣬾Զĸ䲼ˡ
Ǻǡ
ֵ˱˻ԵΪ̱ʾرӣͷԼƷĹ֮С
Ŷ˶࣬ȴܹеĽ
ôˣ
ĿڣҲϣԼӪΧ˴ˣǺвˬ
Ҫҹ
á
Ķȫϣ˳ȴ֮ǰܰЦݵķ۪۪һϢСһβ֪룬ӯӯ̡
㣬㣡С֪ôˣҽһͷһϢڷſڡ
˼ǧֻȹˣûоȹèǿ̲ݻֻܹҽˡ
Сi
Զʵѿ
Сiĺ˵
Ӧ̳ѾǷҪʮöһҩƷ
ԣЩ㲻ʲôܹõЩҡ
Ͻ㡣̶ڳҽޣҲʱֲôˣܿɫĲ˹èĴһЩɫĺۼ㿴ǳʲôҩ
ôܣСôôܳԶҩҸҲԲܡ
۪۪޵۾Ѿ׵òˣһᵽһ·ʲô
ԺӦǰȫģκ˶֣ھ˭ıӵ
ǳģ
ʹؽĲ˹èյø
ѾһɹСҩԼܹ˷ֲԡ
ļȻʾȥ
˵ȪˮĹЧСһ㣬һ԰ɡ
۪۪Ҳ֪룬ãȻص˵ͷ̱ҩ軯˷ĩȪˮȻڻ档
ˮɳ
Ϊ˾ţ֮żһССĿ϶Сˮȥ
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˵š
Ҳһ취ûС
а취𣿡۪۪޵滨ģǾֵҲֻˣ㣬ܾܲȾССһֱҳҲܹû
˵һСﲻײģԼһ
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547 ó

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Ϊʲôأ
ֹ֮ǰûⷽɻ󣬶ã.
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ͬΣǰҲԼӦĥһշתĴʾ֮䵭ԡ
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ԲĹĵķèĶ䡣
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Сš۪۪Ŀбӡ
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ˡ
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Сﻹڲ֪ƣҽţϵոսٵľٶһ鶼Ȼ
ˣʱʲôȻ˶ҩ
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Сŵëը˵ĽźҲԸ˵Щʲô
۪۪ԵСֱӵİСèԼĻһֱִӵһӾﲻˡ
ˡ
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ȵζ׵ɢûκεζɢǲƿš
ĳ˵ˡ
ܹСèצڵצӡӵذһֱ档ɫĲ϶ӡһһ÷ӡ
ЩҪģעǴϷбƵˮ
֪ˮǴģһֱϵવવĽ档
ҲǴɢģ˺µľ͸ɫˮ鵴ذ棬ɫĻ
⣿۪۪ºһʲô
Ŀһ˲濴ղſһССӣ֬ˮۡ
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㣿
Ҳû뵽Ҷֵ˻ǳ㡣
ⶫǳ͸ģ
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û֮ǰ͸ҵģʱƣΪǸʱѾϲˣȴͻȻĶʾãһɻء
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Ǹʱ򣬳֪Ѿǵ𣿡
Ĳ׽ɵ㣬ݻĿʼѯʡ


548 

۪۪俴ľᣬܹԷ̲ݻıʡ
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ϸѯģҲܹ۪۪϶ûʶҪԣ֪㾿ʲộԲŻµĽµĶ
ֲ֪ҪЩʲôס۪۪ܵĿ⣬ɵЩίգգ۾ɲҪңĲ֪ҪЩʲôǾЩԣԾͰûжද
νҧҧ
ѾԤıžЩ֬ȻȻȻ֮ء
˵ЩΡ
ͬʶ˼ˣҲٶ
Сһ㣬˭ʲôòҪãۣϸЩʲô㶼Զ
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۪۪ûнܹȽҪûбҪôСɣԺҾͲĶͺˡ
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Ϊεؽ֮ǰ黺˵һᣬҲǸ˼飬ûôֱۡ
۪۪ס֣̾һȻ˵Ļһúõġ
ҲЩίС̽ͷ̽ԵĴ˹Լè㲵ģݺݵ˵ôԣ
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̻Ҫٶలοһû뵽۪۪ԼĹĵľȭͷ
˵ôܾô׾ٵľͷŹںأСĸ˸Ȼס̵֣ڽһˣ㣬ûдǶҪúõ˵һ顣
Ҫ֪ܳСôܹ׾ͷ
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Խ˵ԽʹѴѵĵ
һҲ֪˵Щʲô
ʲôӷ˾ҵ𶯣Ե棿
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۪۪ŵӡı飬ûκεɶȴɻĿͶ̡
ֻǵ˵ͷ
ȷˣЩҶܹ֤Ҳ˵ѡ
Ȼףͷк򣬲ʲôأ
ʵʤ۱磬ѵŮܹıЩʲô
ɲš
Ӧô죿һİŷ۪۪ȵƽŽɻĿͶݸ̣˵˵
ûüشǵͳѹ˼Ρ
㵹˵˵㾿Ϊλ治飿
۪۪еĻɡ
ʲô˼һ򶼺ܺãԲ飬ݳ㡣
ʲô¶û˵ô˴С֡
ȻʧЦĲ˵һֱļ֮УӦģҾûлȥĸۡͶ
侲
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ԣĿ֮ɻ
ңĿȻûͬжҶҴĶĶ࣬Ϊļƻ̽䡣
ȻףıҪ赶ɱˣڽ赶ɱ˵Ķͱɱ֮˷㻹֪ܹܲĴء
һüž
Ƕ˲豭ȻƷζ
á
̾˵ǻ۹Ȼ鴫ǵƾ֬ˮۣҾܹˣ
Ϻ껹ϼ޻֪̽
̲мñ硣


549 ˾Ͷ

ɵ̽ڵ̬֮ϡ
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Ҳһܹ쵽ģһ˿Ѿˣ֬ˮг֡
û䡣̫һǴļ١
ϣŷ
ŷϣ
ѹû뵽Ŀһ
ĶɵЩˡ
ŷϺϲԼģǣҲĺӣڰì͹ԳĻ
Ҳͬɻͬڴʱ˵س֡

۪۪мͷԵһиԼ޹۾Ȼ󻺻
ŷϴݲȵŶ룬һۣȴԵøء
ĶȲ˵ŷϵѾܹ嵽ܶˡ
Ӧô죿
۪۪Сſ˶˵һ䣬ɫãΪ֮йڡ
㡣ǲǺŷʲôڰôŷҵìأ
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û˵꣬ӵ§ţӯ̡
СѾͷĶ֪ܶŷΡһ˵ǷΣ͵͵ǲȹȥˣû뵽ͷҲؾôͲ֪үүϢϢ
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ҪĸҶЩʲôĻŷϿ»ֱɱ˹Ҳ˵Σһɶ
ûǡأԶš
ᡣүġŷϵ˵˼仰̧֮ͷŷ࣬Ҳʲô£ֻҼŮˣ֪ǰ͹һ
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۪۪εգգ۾
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ŷŴԣһӦǲšĹ̵ĺӣô顣

̺ͷ۪۪ͬʱ֤ƾѾۻ֬УͬʱҲ֤һУֻ⡣
ɣϡŷĿûκεתƣȻҵӣ¾Ҫ򡣡
һ㣬ʱûκε顣
۪۪һСҲصĽţ·Ĺϲá
õĽ
൭ķԸ˹ȥ
ǰʱһֱڻʹסʱû⣬ڵˣǽ˹
ֻС¹һؽš۪۪Ը鳹׵ֳȥ˶֪̺ͬãҲճ̣ڣһɲϣΪ⣬˻ִ
ģһǰ׵ġ
ʱʱ֣˵
ŷͬע⵽ˣСǰ˼ǧȻеġ
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㵣ʧˣӿͷͳһŷڵ޴롣
ֻܹ̾һȳŷ۪۪Ǹ
ûϵҲˡ
۪۪Ͻһ


550 

Ȳùܱģ顣ɲٵ
̿⸱޴ģҲ΢Ŵǻԣүүˡ
лͣȴΪϤһߵҡ
һʼʱãȻѾʲôûи˵
ĪԵģڿվλ벻ӰĴ۸иǿ
̣
вʡףụ̂ӾܺùһЩŷҵĲƲҲġ
նݳõԿףĵ֮
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ˡ
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үү㻹˵Щʲôġĺûʲôϵôݺأ
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ҪûôĻΪʲôڵķӦôĹĻαظոһʹҴҪ㣬ڳÿһûһɵӣҪҵһʵɣҪݺңԡ̵ĳ˵˵ͷôķ粨̫׳㶯뷨ˣϤңҲϤ㣬ҪЩʲôҶܹŪһ
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ŷǱˣҵĳ鴤ţ̵ӲϽظȻͳһСҩƿһɫСҩ衣
үүϽˣҪΪֵá
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ġ
Դˣ΢̾һö˵ˣ鲻ǣ֮ĸ顣
ʧȥеſڵϣĵذܵһ
ܵ˱
ڲɶϾ㺣ӿϳ
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ֻܹűߵӰκε㺡
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ҡ۪۪ߵԱߣ飬үүڰ˳䡣
ȻǹģҲԼԨ


551 ζ

ܹڶĴ·һжδԼ֮ϡ
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ͬʱŷҲץסᣬŶԷܹ֣ҪѾ֪ȥˣĿĴεš
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һģεĵ˵ıӣ˵Ķֱ׳֪ҿǶԴ˱ġ
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á
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ŷϴݲȵ˵š
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ҪһҲԸ⡣
ԩͷծô࣬˵ʵڻҲţǳСģݺҡүүҲ顣
ͷҲص˵ţΪŷϹĹжΪ㣬û뵽˵ô࣬ҲֻԸΪԼ
֮ǰǻСӣıʯԿףûյŷأ֪Ѿ֪ˣʯ֮ܣǶԴĵûпⶫţǱڼ滹Ūˣ
үүġ
ŪԼϰŵĽָЦЦ
Ѿ֪ҪǴʲôˣүү֮ǰͷҵݣԲԣ
Ȼֻ˵һ֪һǳҵĸ磬ЩڶףǣһжˣѾˣһݺǾԲΪĪĸϾġ
ڶԹѾãôΪʮû棬ȻǣԭĹϵܹ͵ġ
ŷ̾һʱЩڣ֮ǰ̵ݣ͸ǵùϵ᲻һЩ


552 

һжˣͲӦûκεĻء
ŷƵ̾һȻԴ˹ڻûУǴ
ĻвͬĽ
ǵһ˵һжǺԵ֣үүҲҪ𡣡
ǵԶܹľײ˼ƺ뵽ˣܹѩɫѪ
ȴʹΪ֪ԼǶԵ˵
үү뷨ȻǺõģ㾿жң֪ܲһһ˵ĸףһжڲСԵ濪ʼʱѾߵ˲ɵ͵ĵطүү΢һɡ
Ǳվĺ˼Ѿܲʹˡʮ壬Ҫġ
ѾܲѪҺƺеѪҺڴʱΪȵʹͣӲţû˸Ҳ¶Ѿ˹͢ĸط
ŷվǰ
ΪʲôҪ
һм̧ΪʲôҪѵҲ𣿡
е棬еĲƲƾʲôҪ̣
ݺĿʼѾˣǲĸԸƾָء
ǡţĳѪ֮£ڲԸֿɼ棬ƾʲôԿ׸Ҫүү
֪֪ãã
ŷϸһưĵͷĿѣġ
㲻ŵҧ˵ҵãҲصõôĲƲǮƾʲôܹõһУ
˵ףУֻһŮӶѣŮƾʲôֵܹôļҲƾʲôܹõɼģԿף
иһ˲ˣôණš
үүҲһ˵ɡ
ʹ˹ȥŷȴԸ뿪ó˾ǷŻɽ
ؼú÷ʡʡЩǾԲߵġ
Ҳ
ں޵ֿ֮ŷֻ˵һ仰֮󣬱кµӽ廨ĿⶼԸ࿴ϳ㼸֡
ʣĺĶ˺ˡ
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˫Ϊ޶͵ͨ죬û뵽Էˡ
ôܹҿӡ
ŷεҡҡͷҲܹʵݹ֮ڣεĻ˻֣Ͻ뿪
۲Ĳ
գŨһĲɢ
۪۪ŷࣺʡ
ؼǿô룬ǿˡº͵֮УЩ˼ǣȻҲ룬ŷͻȻãʵϣͼıĿԼ󣬵ԸŹѾȥˣĳҲˣҲӦټȡȥ
𱸵Ļһ졣
۪۪˵ЩʲôȴƴҴҵķ䣬΢΢̧ɫǧ
Ҳڡ
Ͼ۪۪żȻ֮ǰ飬û˵֮ܶǰ飿
ֱڿ졣䲻ϲ̡ڵĲԸ
ˣ˸ǡϣΪһСȥġԾ࣬ȿȡ
۪۪ȳѪģϽеǰȥ
ôˣ岻ʵĻھͰѽйǧҪѽ
س˰֣״һղһˣٵʱ˲ٵ˲Ҳûе͵ء
ЩˣҪĹ˵ĻͲҪǣùᡣ
Ȼô˵ţǺԡĿֻǶ׼䣬ÿһֶ˵ķ⼱١
䵱ȻһΪʲôͬʱҲԸŹõʱ֪Լ϶ǲϻλ
˵ǡ
۪۪һˮԡȴ˼ǧǧֳһģĹУͬǣȴ˵Ȼͬɫ
ˣ뾲һǶȥɡ
ѾҲֻܹȥϢ


553 Ժ

ҹɫˣ̸ջͥԺӢͷףΪƽͥԺĲ֮͡
΢̾һûж˵
ҹҲžƱѵõĺȾƣȵģһİŵľͬ
Ⱦư̽ӽԺĿƮƮȥˣŷ֣˶ȵʲô˭ڻеʶԹһ£
ûۿҹ£̫ԶⶼܹŵõľƭղţԶԶأҹºȵһɵģҲָֻͷ˴塣
ͬɻ
ʲôʱϵô˻һȾƣ֮ǰͦصô
ķٶͷԣٱڿЩͬѰ
ٱ£Ӱˡֻ秵˵һ䣬źһǲòףſУܹˣҵһ֪
ѾһãȻˣʲôʱ˵Ĺϵôãɺˡ
˺ˣҲЩˡ
֪˾Ƶ˾ʶĸ飬ֻƮƮѯʵ壬㣬ʲôϹȾơ
䡣ȻȵЩƮƮȻǺѾҹ¶Աֱһϣһ£Ҳûʲô飬ֻǾã䲻õĴ𰸣Ƿˣ
䣿
ˣŶԷгģ뷨ʱ˵㡣
ڣų֤ݣܹѶԷɼȻ˵Ļʲôѱأټ⿴ƻĵΪȷһ㡣
ǹǵģԲԣ˵һ˵㾿ʲôСˣ
İѱ϶ϣȻĻ
Ҳûʲô£ֻǣҷб˽ҵ˶ѡͣǳǳĳһʵ·ʲôϡƽС¶ѣ˵Ҫø֪飬ܹȫ𣿡
֪Īӣ̫׷ĸˡҲ̫ı¶Ժ󣬷便Ǹıҽ֣
á
õĵ˵ͷ˷ģϻ̾һ
¹ü֮еϲϢɫڸǲסġ
ѽ
̲Щͷۣոջ²˵ѾҵԷŵķ塣ں˯ҹҲȵòӣѾͻ˷
ʲô
Ҳû뵽ôͷ۵飬εһ̣ͬһ㣬Ŵ˵Ҳ֪ʲôˣһ
ᣬ˵ݡ
ǰԼȫȻıŷεĴһ֮ۡǰĵ˵ûкı˭
ǺˣС˹ȥļ򣬷˵͵͵ĸ˵ҵ˷ѱб˽ң顣ԲԡȲʤȯ
˵ţǰյ֤ݡܹӵȨһܹӮʤ
ŷһ
ͬҲһͷ۵Ķʱըܹ֤ȫǵļƻ
ԣôһ飿ƮƮĽԼͶȥǳǳ̾һҲ˽סӦðץסһεĻ᣿
һ˵⣬أʱжۡ
һֱûжš
ǻЩ鶼˶˰ɣҲţһжûУ׼һš
ֵܣѪ֮һĨϤʵ̫ϤˣΪģ֪֪ףܹģؾҪЩʲô
á
عֿɼ
ȥһ³½ȥӵɣӿҲ̵ͷĥһ´ʾ䣬ŵĹһ£ʱӪҵ󣬡б»Ǯơ
ǰԿסͷ˵̶ɲҪһԿ׵ҪԣǻҺܹʲôҿ췢ı仯ģ񲢲֪ⶫǻ
㶼֪һˣ̾գ룬Ѿڹд𣿲ȻĻô֪Щ
ȻҲ֪һ飬ɲʲô⡣
ƽظһʵ˵ĺ󾱣ϣܹ侲һ㡣
⿴һʲô˲õĴ飬ʵ֪ҲżȻѵõãȻģĸɽ󣬡ϾʱҲ㹻Ȩлܹ뵽֮УҪҵңҲˣҶԣҲǸѵõĻᡣ


554 ͻȻ

һоڲ֮С
û뵽⵵顣
û뵽Ҫôһ⡣
ЦЩֻ
ȷû뵽˺ܶ鱨һбûʲôãҲܹŵĽ˸ס
Ƶɢһ⻹ǰ˵ǰ
ģӦô
벻εİ˭˭ȥûʲôϵ̼䲻ε²˵ģҲ֪ܹ㣬̾һиͷ͵鷳̧ȥˡ
ĵ˵ͷֱһѰסƽƽĿͷ֮С
ڶϣɹһеĿʼ
µ糿ϲǸ׼ͣȻĥһЩϡŹֵĶ˵ǰʱʧܵΡ
ֿʼиŬͼǳԵΡ
ɰѾըĽִࡣ
ȫ֮ǰҲǸոպãֻð׵ƽĵ´󼪡
֣Ѿţ֮ڰһжˡ
ĽƵʵ߲˷ѣмŽӲӵĺɰԼ۶֭ļ⡣
ϣ󹫰ɣмпֳܹ˵ϡ
̶Դ˷㡣
ѶӦ׼ˣҲˡ
廹ûпȼƣ˵û뵽㻹Щ
һĶɾͶˣҲһ㡣̵˵Ѳ;ȫİڷźãΣһЩɳ֮ͣңܹЩ
ҹ漴Ľ˲Щε̡

õŮɫӳĶϣȴɵ
š
ȵ˶뷽ʱѯʵǣ쾿ʲô飿
ҹûܹ뵽Ȼ
ҹӰһԿΣһ߼䵭²ۡ
ҹҲûܹó˾ȻϵĿʼͻĺȾơ
εģ˵Ǻˡ
һȾƻ˾ú𣿡
ȷ˾ú֡Щĳһɳ˵ˣҪ֪֮ǰûκεϵԲŻú֣㶮
ҹ»ҪЩʲôȾֲʲôͶϣֻҪȣһȣһ𲻾ͳˣû뵽ǶôС֡
ĻǾú𣿡
ҾǸ˶ú֡ҹӰ˳س֣ȻĴȤʵǣں˾Щʲôںǣӣ㾿˶ٵ֤ݡ
ȵİѻع鵽ص֮ϡ
ɷµ˵ͷӡ
Щ֤һ㣬΢ֶ̨ҵˡȴҲЩ侲˵ʮֵϲŮɫԲֶΣ֪򡣡
б˽ң˽̹ĲƲ
ҲǾʲôɡ
ڳİĶչʾܼҰΧ֮ڣƺ֪ЩǾã޴
ȷһ㶼⡣ܹߵλϵˣһνĺأغ˵ͬʱҲͶԷܹߵزˣҶͬ˰ˣҪʲô̸
ڿϲ̸š
ȴһ顣
㡭
ʱķĶ˵һЩŷˡ
ΪȻǲ׷ʲô飬Ϊ֮ǰﴫЩġ
ϲ̣Ǳܾˣ֮ìܣʱɵ⡣
ŷүү϶ҪΪ
û¡䲻Ϊλֳ⸱ģҪΪҵģҪ͵͵ȥС
Ƿ۪۪ˣҲżȻֵãȾһ̧𴽽ǣݲȵ˵үүڵˣȥǰչүүġ
⻰׵ˡ
ŷ̵үү
ϵɴû뵽
ŷȻߴλ֮ϣͥԺһУȻ˵ϸûʣʵһζ
ʱܹĵЦݡ
үү
֮ǰİ΢ĺתһЩ
үүôھˣҵĻͱ˵һҲ͹ȥүүֺαүүܡ
͵ǡôͳγĶԱȣҲԭŷϾԼ֮ǰѡǴеĴˡ
˵һжҵĴ


555 ȥ

ɲܹ˵үү
òԹɫҲһ㣬ŷڵ𣬵ǲʱµˣǿջЦȥ»ɻ
үүҲ֪ӦνչΪˣʵʲôҡ̶֪Ŀԡ
˼룬ΪӦַʽΪϲߡ
Ӧһ㹳Ķǡ
ô룿ŷͬѯʡ
һʱҭܹô룿
ڣģԲܹãþǴĿʼ
һ䣬䡣
ûõıǮŷϵΪ֮Ҳֻܹ˵үүʲô֮Ҳǹġ
Ҳȥ˵Щʲô˵סĸ硣Ȼ˼ĻҲΪȥĴˡ
еĹػΪԼ
֣ɻ֮ǰѯʳڡ
үүô֪һ
ʱЩ˼ΪԼصĺܺá
СѾͷľҪЩʲôѵҲ֪𣿿ùöĶ߸ңǳˣϽˡŷĳ˵ţΪùõĻһô룬ﶫ
ȥ̷Ҳȷԡ
ûܹ׵ĽһС
ŷ̾һְ֮ڳһģԴɫʵܹҲΪʦ֪ǵĴ㡣ùöˡ
үүһʼ֪ˮҵĹùã
û뵽˻ϵϲ⡣
֮ǰ֪ˣ˽ﻹйģҲΪͨ籨ţҲܹʱϵ
ͬΣû뵽˵ˮһ߸ĻĽ
ѾҴȥˣϼӿܡͬѪŷҲնݳοԵ˵ļ򣬡ģүүڣ϶˺Ƥë
ʱˣû뵽ϵ˵ڶԼϡ
ȻҪӣֵĻҾͺһͬȥɡ
̵˵ͷҲԸܾһġ
á
Ҳ˵š
罥ܹܵѵõɡ
ŷ󣬸һĪİȫУվǣǧҵۻĲƸû˸Ҷ˵֡
ҸɵйɲʲôЦ
Σһ·֮Ӣǡ
үүòس˺һƺ΢ĸоЩε㺣ҡҡ˵ֱۣҲֻǹҶѣ˵Ҫȥһ˾
ͬʱҲЩ棬֮ǰɴδȥӣԿףԡ
ҲƺƵ˺ͳԼĵط
ɫľӳ¡
̴µĹĦһطеĻҪƫƧҲ󣬼Ȼӣı߾棬ֻܹ͵͵ٵ͵ˡ
ЩеľˣЩһֱûмϹѵιһ졣
˵ĺǼһֱڴӡ
ѵһֱû
Ҳ־ұ۷ˣҪһֱļţڴСûƺЩ˼顣
ȷһֱţûȥ
̾һ
ŷҲһԸ˵ʳ֮ĶЩǼԶʲô£̶ѾͷҪ٣ʱǴǡ
ɵĻҲֻܹ˵ĳˡ
ЦЦ
лүү
ԣǿɼġ
ʲôҵѾͷ㶼ءŷϿЦ㣬ЦݶЦЦɲҪͷӲµģ廹Ȩ
˵ĺɡ
ĵ˵ͷ
һҲĵսľģͬʱŷϾ˶ٵĲƲǶ԰һ
Ȼ˵Ļ͵ЦݹոǾҪ鷳үүˡ
һͬ˳Ŀε
ͬ뷨ܹʿɵĿչѵ·̡
ǵ뷨
ţ
̷е㷢ס֡
ôˣǾʲôԵ𣿡
עһ㡣
ƺ͵ҡҡͷ
㷢ûǴŵģǸͬǡ
ķˣֹĹ
Ҳûа취顣
֮ǰûʱĵǣһг档
ȴûкʵĻᡣ


556 

޷
ͬĶǵĵǣתǽ͵ľӳĬԱԻſڼ񵽵ģʺܺã书߳ھ˼µʱ䣬ܹϾӵѵҲӿۣ࣬ʿǵһѡ֮£ͳΪµĶӳ
ȻһܣҶܹóĬۼߣҲܸߡ
Ĭǳһӵڣʵǣ
ͬҲǷһԿףû˸ȴ̹Ͽҵĺһ
Ŀһֱϡ
׻˵úãһɽݶ֪ΪһĿƮ֮ʱܹܵǿҵĵ⡣
˵ԴѪ֮еĸ龿ΪΡ
迴˽ŵģЦǺǵĵա
ţ𼱡渵ǹ
Ĭŵ˵ͷǾвĵĹ涨е˶ڹ
ûпСòСӡǾѪҺ֮еְ˭ĥ˵ġ
̳˵ͷҲò׼ӦԴ
ʱѯʵ֮ǰˣȺģɷһͬȻһ£㵽ֹˣҲĳ
ڳе˶㲻Ǹʲô״
ĵ̫ͻȻͻأ̶ЩԻ
ô£ô˾Ҫˣ
˵Щʲôȴһ߸Īŷϸ
ȷһֱڵһᣬܹӦھơ
һûᡣ
ĬĪеĵȷʴӣս룬пֱһζˡ
ʱը˹ΪСĹΪǵĽҪүܡ
ĬĬ
һߺȵøзŷסҪȰܵĶȴû룬龫ֵģֱ̤սıߡ
ȻҪһᣬôվǵĲаɡ
þöûпԼҷʱˬˣһӣľ֮ô֮ͭϣʼ
Ĭ赭д˵һ룬ͬʾһƵĶȴŶԷĹ
ͬʱ
ȡͷȻûȭͷĶͬɾ䡣
ĬھôãܹվλãҲʲôصģֻѸҵĹơ
Ĺûκεί
˵еĵ㵽ֹǶԣֻ˴ŵЦѡ
һҲǿĳȵģ˱ȻĽ࿪ʼô棬һáõĺò磬ˬӢˡ
֮ǰʿǻںνСǺˣҲڿɾôĵģǾϲˣԭʼıܡ
壡
ǿɲ˭ݸ߹󣬻˵ְȭͷ˵˭ȭͷӲ˭ܹϷ
Ĭһһʵǹġ
ôҲǳصģѸٵץ˶ԷߣһȭĹȥˣüͷ˵
Ҫսһ񡣡
ĬеѪֱӵ˳ĨŴǡ

迴ΣĬĸԾΣҪԷֱȵ컹Ҫѡ
档Ǵ򲻹롣
һĴ𰸶򲻹ңֺαȡأ
üͷ˵š
Ĭûж˵ʲôŢվٶȱ֮ǰ죬ÿһжӸɴ࣬һȭֱӴϡ
η塣
ƾԼ߳ʵӹһȭһ˵ĸ
̶ˣ˵õĵ㵽ֹҲ֪ʲôʱ
ˡ
üͷ˦˹˹˵м䡣
˵˵㵽ֹǲĵĹء
д費Ҫ֣ҪֵѣһʼͺͶԷ˵ãܹͬдһ̨ǽﲻĵĹء
̲᲻֪ЩȻҪԷһǣĬѾˡ
ѵ̶Ϊһڿʼ𣿡
׾Ĺأֳ׵ļһˣҪ˵ֲǽβ
Ĭ֮кҰġ
ֻҪ˵һ֣ʼվûа취ƪ
ĿľΪھ֮Ҫô־⡣
̻ͷһۣ˺۵Ĭ
ѵҲɵ㶼ģҪЩʲôʲôǱҪ𣿡

Ĭ֧˵š


557 ָߵ

˭˶û뵽Ĭĺɡ
ҫǾҫԵԻܹһ뼸м˵šЦݣԽĮΧԽǾòڷ·Ԥϵǰ㣬Ĭų޵˽Ķƺ뽫嶢һҾͻ㣿
Ķûɱš
̸ϽסĶԸڴ˹
ˣ
ʿҲ׷׺ǣƺڵȴһϷĽ١
̸֪Ͻʹ˸裬ͬЩͷۡ
ûһǺǵĽɫүĬǾӶӳ˶к衣
ȻĻŷ̸Цˣ˵ļ򣬡ҲʼգȻ֮ǰ˵˵㵽ΪֹôڣȻһ㣬˽˶ԹĻ˽ȥ
ͬ˵ҲǾӣͬѰĵطвͬ
˸Ӧôβ˵˽˶ԹνĿ˳̫΢·ǶԸš
ͽɢ
ĵĻǡôֻĬĬͬʾĻӡڣòһ㣬һܺʵĶ֣еҪӺʣֻĶĿ⡣
㵹ǱеҪȤһЩĬĮĮ֮΢ĴĲмôͽϼɡ
̿ģû뵽˾Ȼʱ򣬾͵ǵ濪ʼ˻ơ
һҪһܣ˭ˡǲǣ
֪Լûа취ֻܹм
ŷϱҪеģصģҲȷܹװףƽΣֻܹȥˡ
ŷϵ˵ȥҲʲôСˡ
̵˵ͷ
æһ߸Բ齹ƣһϲµʿͬģЩ棬ε˹ȥȲ˵ЩҪǣ̾ʲôģǺ档
ʿģȻ洫еСʺ®ɽĿϿ˹ȥǵĿⲻԼͬĶ𾴡
ߵԣԻˮĴ۾ֻܹ˵ҡ
ЩȻĽǰģһЦ
ʶĻͷһۣæİ˰֣˿µһ
ôˣ
ҲԵ˹ȥ
ûʲô£ֻе֣˾ǸʲôҪƴһģҪӵһҪɣ㾿Ϊʲô
ԣҲȷ׼̣ȫĵֻΪڲƼһ졣
ĸĳ΢̾һȻ֪ԼӦЩʲôǶһŰ޹С
̾
ֻܹ̾һ˵ѵûз֣ܲԾ𣿡
ʶĻͷĬһֱĶ񿴵ЩģԱضסȷ˵֣㲻˵˵ˣҵǾú΢Щ֣Ҳ㲻Ϊʲôҡ
ͣȷԣ͸㲻ҪЩʲôֱ׳롣
ȻʧЦȻ񾿾ζʲôЩˡ
ʲôҪҪǣҪ֪ûô򵥡
˵ĺһһԿ˵ϡ
ҪٹˡҪû뵽ͷҲأžǲԼʲô顣
Ȼô
Ҿ϶ǲԸԼ̫ڹģֻôҲ϶߶
ָ̧ӣһ·оҲ֪ĲйھӵĹأž˻¡
Ĭһ֮ǰĸߵĬĬվڶβû֪Ҫ˵Щʲô
פӪˡ
ʶȴһΧλüá
ѹ˱ұ֮أгˮԴԶܿũ
û뵽ǻ˵ء
ŷ϶˼ĸ̾һ䡣ȷʿǵĲиܶ
ܹûʲôҰĵط䣬ѣҲʲô׵顣
ϾϢô꣬ǲ֤Ļºѻ
˵˼


558 β

˵⣬ġ
Ҳζȷǰ㣬ûһܹô򵥾ܽ
ӵ˻ھ֮Ҳһϯ֮أĽӴЩʿʱ򣬱ܹʿƼݵӡ
ƺӵʿΪõѵ˻ûкá˵һѪ˵ƮɢƱߣƮͿ飬ȥĻѵأҲԲǳõļƲߡ
Ҳ׶ԾӶԣҪ֤ÿһ˵彡
һ˵ţӯ͸ķۺɫӣҲֻŮӻȴڴʱͬѰ
Ƕû뵽ܹѸٵĲ׽ǵ֮
ЦݶףνСǻƿĴڡ
ΪҪֻܹһ㡣
ֹػ
Ĭ֮ǰǳĬģŴԣĿȻ£ǰԥԥ˵ȷˡ
Ҳ΢Էʱ򣬱ܹܵһĪܸУ˱˴˵ľ룬ʹ߽һ㡣
ΪǱʶָ֮ǰ΢ʵ룬ɲǼ˽״̬ɫһ䣬⻬䡣
Ϊӳһֱûз𣿡
еĵǸ߰˶ʱʴӡ
Ͼ롣
ҲҪ̫Ϊѡ̸һ̨£Űһ⻯ɸΪ񲯣Ҳö̫ˣﱣ֤ҩ̫ġ
λڳ˵Щܹһ鲻Խ֮顣
žν˸ɡ
ĬĬţ˾ʹ䲻壬лȻ硣
ɫ磬ҪϤڲҪ죬ͳʱȸҿɡ
ɫͫ渡ֳ˼ĵǣոմԵĿ˼ۣͷ־彡ʿûмҳڵĵҪʱ䣬ʱҴ
ǵøϽ鴦ꡣ
ңСi˵ôһһĻ֡
ɵüͣôĻڵȴ㣡
Ļﾡڶԡ
ĵ˵ͷȻм棬Ŀ
ŷ϶һˣ֮ǰǸģֻԼ̶Ѿͷˡ
˳ȻվԱߣǺǰһɡ
İܹ˳Ȼһøá
Ϊˣ΢Ц͡
Ĭ⸱ģΣȴԼĴǣٶȵĹ΢ЦֱĬ˳µر̵
Ȼ˵Ļȹ
̵ȻҲԼһġĬ֮еͷһȻȻҲǾĹһܹɹİƺãǲܹھ֮Լ
á
ٵʿҲǺĿţǵľûоҽڣò˹е˶ȻȻΧһ飬׷׺ŤתĿûгá
̾һǶ벻飬һ˵ֱ棬ɫĹâֳ
ƶѪ֢״ЩأҪԵ㶫̲
˼ĸ̾һñеҪ򵥣ŶϸµİϸĶһ
Ĭȴޱ˵Ŀ⣬Щߵתɫ
һԿЩζĿ˼
ûʶʲôĬ֮⣬ϽջԼֱۣ֪˵֮㽫Լ΢˼ĵס
һʼΪһݸνŮ֮İ飬֮սҿ׷Ī
ȻЩǺˡ
ĬȻƬ̣һҩ֮һЦ
ģûеôأֻС˶ѣҪһѪʱ価˶ҲҪĳһ
˵ǺܸӣûָգһԵʿ˶ЦǺǵģ˴ǣȻ⻰ָ֮˭
Ĭ룬ھĹϵâĹϵ
ˣҲԹŶӡ
̴µĹһʿΪѵӪûиϣ΢ƶѪ֢״Ӫѡ
Щ֢״ȽϼͳһĿһҩȻǳԴһİҩͿԳɹĽʣͷ۵Ҳֻмˡ
Щʿ֮ǰűʱˣûг׵ϣ˽ǣҪһġ
ڣ̵øǿһЩȹ̱Դҩúõ̲塣
е֮ؾһĳ衣


559 ôи

´󽫾Ĳûô򵥡
ϸضһֻӵĿܹþɳĳ޶˵ĺ⡣
ЦЦƺûʲô̫İ취
ǶǳëˣȲ˵ľȲ˵ģҲֹ
˵ҲǶ֪֪ף֪ܹĵֵز
ǽ⻰ҿɾͲˡηĶĿ⣬侲ִݵıɢŵĹǴҽ˭ĲβأֻҪҿҩ׼ʱ£ҩһӹɵġ
ĵɢŵ֮ϣͷűһ飬дһҩ
Щţģ鲻ԽĲԥ
ɴھӪסˣϵȼ𣬾ѵõĵõϢǵĿʢ硣
ܺã˵֮ǰӵã̵ֱۺһžĵĽҡڣ֮赸š
ȻʱʱĻĿͶݸĬ
ĬܵĿ⣬ͷһ仰û˵ֻǰĳſȡ
̵ȻҲ֮İӿº͵ҧŴѯ⵽ôˣôһСӿʼǷʲô𣿡
ֻһëСӣѵͳԴˣ
µ˵šȻ̸˾ǲһñǰӵˣǣıӣ˵Լεķһۡ
СӴֵʱһֱûһߣҾã϶һ𣿡
ƲƲͣЩԼĪһˣǺҲ뷨Ц˹ȥ
ĬһʱǳĬŵģͷŻſȡ
ҹȥһʵ
ǳ˸ԡ
̧Ųߵǰ䲻ĪԤдӺζһҲ֡Ĭʵ̫ˣܹܵԷĿ⣬罺ճԼϡ
ôˣĬԵЩ˼ѯš
ͬߣͫʹ⻷תƺǵա
֮ǰһֱڿңЩ㾿Ϊʲô飬ɲԸأ
˵ĺƽͣڼҴһ
ĬЩεĨĨѾĹͷ˻棬ƾȼյĸʢ
ʵһҲúܳϣҾϤ˵ʲôо
Ҳô΢ĸܡ
̸һھ棬оԼ͸˺ܹ׽һݸ飬ľν鰡ѽ
Ѫ֮һͬС
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ʱʹࡣ
ϣ͸ʹһ¿ҿһ졣Ҳʱ䣬ԸϵıˣԼƺǾ
֪ʵݣײײʧȥеֻܹ֮СɽΪһδʧ֮˳裬ľˣҲڽͰ֮£һ˳ĳΪ˾ӳ
Щ΢ļвõԤпһ¡
òʲôݹϵɣǲǾһ񣿡
ͻȻ˺һƤߣε̾һ֮ǰΪ˶Ŀŵʱ򣬴ҴææûнҿһƤߣڰƤƿˣŷͬ
ĬܶطһޣǵüۣͬüΣͬ۲ֻһ˵ĸһ˵ĸ㡣
ĬȻھôãüۻǱٸе㡣
뵽ԼĸֱʵĲ
㡭̸оԼ֮ǰͷָˣæĽлŷϣүүүүһҪ㡣
ȹڸϽһĿ֣ء
үүүүǲǻһ硣
ĬڵĻ˵ǳһ֮ǰ̸ʱҲ֪ˣǱԼ˲١
Ŀǰ޸ĸ鲻Խţ˻᲻ͬһˡ
˻ν
ŷ治Ϊʲô˺ζָָĬ
Ұ߲֮Щ𣿿ҲúһЩ΢Ϥĸо
һ𣬾ܹ˳Ľ͵ͨˡ
˺пʧɢá


560 ʵ

ĬСʱʵ
ã
˵һЦˣ֮ǰĹ˵ҪԼò׵õĹԼֱ˻ӡ
ŷΪ˺ǿ϶
Ϊʲô֮ǰҪƤߣ
Ĭô꣬ԽΪ̺꾡ĸˣΪλ
һԿҲͷۡ죬֮ǰԴ׶󶼳ԴˣԭԼСӡ
ʱֻĿ˼װ·
˵Ļ
֪Լ׽ͣǰ˸ҲţͻʼҳϹϵһô۸ӡ
һ˫ӣʱɢˣĹԿֱģĹ
ļܺãǲһǿ
֪ѽʵˣ绹Ⱥһɡ
ҲøԷʱȥЩ飬ϲ֮еϲߡ
Ĭ˵ͷ˵ͷȴŷϡ
һи磿Ĭֱ˼飬ԭ˸֮⣬һλֳǲ׽Է΢΢ãɫΪǷʲô£ҵһλѵѾȥ𣿡
ŷɫһ䣬Ŀࡣ
֮İƫҲŹϵˡ
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΢ĵ˵ͷЩ˼
Լ׸ߵ˶档
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һЩĽɫѸٵİһÿء
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˼˵š
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ȻûԼ֪õԸܺãıǲıġĬԴ٩٩ҲΪɽҰôã˻Ǻһ׵ģÿ϶ûʲô
һȫĵΣůļ䡣
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лҵһΡ
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ĬһĬĬѧţȻĹҲǣϾרҵӱȵȡ
һȣ֮
Ҳ٣ԱѧϰŶԷĳʼʵԼ
ܹͬܵĴĿ⡣νʼ򣬾ȻԼСӣ϶Ҳ͵ʦѧվ͵ʦѧһˡ
ǴӸ涼ڿʼԾӵѵȵľгһܹɱȥ
ȴһʵǵȵ̫ˡ
벻ܹԼѪеĿ
ֱҿʼϢˣ̸͡ղʱܺ棬ֻһԿףŷ֮ǰĻҲһЩ
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ôˣ
ͬѯ˹ȥǷʱ򲻽˵ţʵҲûʲô£ֻүүղм齻ҡ


561 

ԭһʼŷϲ֪ҪǻͻϢϢأ֪Ҫܹ򿪹ұһš
׻˵ĺߡ
̸ĸƸ˲ͬĵط˲ͬı⣬еһԿס
ŷͳʱ򣬲֪еһұͲ
ڵķɣ뿪֮ǰȸ̡
ҾбҪȥһүүܹ˳Ĵ򿪱ŵĻǱ˴ʽ𡣡
Ҫ֪սıʾǻȼնԷǮݾҪһǮ
ҾöҪװͬԼ뷨صĲװΣףԣðճ֮ϣҾãһʽǺҪȲ˵ĵطҪҪЩǮͱѾͶԷкܴˡ
ĬͷӦ֪һս۲ϢϢأǺĪϵ
Ծ͵ô졣̶Դ˺ǿ϶סԿףЦô죬ղײգȥ
Ҳ׼˻Ķνĵַֻںɽɽ
ɽҲߡ
̲Ѵ֮ɽֲֻãһƬûУʲôȻˡ
Ҳ԰ίһ죬ͬǾ΢үүͽûбҪƭҡ
ϸĴһζػظ
ҲһˣϾǴ˵еıزֿ⣬ĻһҪĺأñ˷֡
ĬͬĿɨһ̣ȷӳ֮һطлơ
ֵ״ͬĻһ㡣
ϸĿȥܹ⻨гŵģ
ʲô
һϯѸٵǵעָ̧ЩŷⲻһǺţһڻǸʽɫ
ͳһһȥ˳ź·ϿܹǵǰһССĺɫť
ѵǿ𣿡
󵨵Ʋһȴȶ֡
Ĭϣȴûκεİ취Ҳ֪ԴеĶ磬ֱȳһΡ
˺һ㣬ɡ
ʾǣϽ˺һЩϡֱӵİסǸСɫİť
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Щ˼š
⣿
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ôˣĵͷѯһŲ԰׵Сϸֳľ֣ζСҲʲô
ﲻ߰ɣˡ
ֻѪǾԲġ
ѵֱ׳ᣬץס֡
Ĭֻǵһߵǰ
ȥȻٹĻʲô˺ġ
̵˵ͷĿǰΪֹûпгɣֻοԼ˱һıɵݣǰƽ
ڼһֱĬĬǧҪʲô飬ǧҪʲô飬Ҳûô
оյ뿪Ժ
̲ų̾һܹͻСС֮ͨ󣬳ǵǰǣôһء
ɢǰһȴ׸ߵţͭŷĺʵһ׵ľ롣
̶ΧŵſڣѾסˡ
Կ׳ٳٲ֣ƺǱʵƷˣĿ˿ŷԭͭ滹дһ֡
ף˭䣬Ժ䣬Ϊ䡣
žǸĸ֮ǰĸ״ʰɣͦġ
뿴һۣĻ̫Įɢȴޱȵ䵭
ҲΪԭĴţļ٣֮ǰȻͬ
һֲԤУܾûô򵥡
ĬͬͬԤУǶ֪ģɭɭģɱء
Ͻ򿪿һ
̵˵ͷһѱʯԿ׸Žȥȴû뵽ͻȻĿһ¡
ΪԿ׿סˡ
ôô졭ûܹίתģҲ֪ôŪ
ɡ
ºͣͬĺ˵š
סԿ׵Ķˣһתתһˡ
ˡ
ЩоյİŸˣһ
öû£ĬĬţĻ
ǼֱھͿȥˡ
Ŷ룬ܹܵķ磬Լʽıʯ


562 ׼

ֱҪϹ۾ĴڣЩʯѻűɽҪߣΪһȼĻƽһݳ˽ģ
˵еĸɵйڽ졣
ϸĴһԼĲⱦĳ
еĻҪϲ١
ĬĬĸ̾һܹӵôĲƸĿ԰ѾӺúõ޸һڵĵ֮ͱôЩ˳ȥһ仰˵ĺãƲ¶ҪǱ˷ˣ˵ҲžӵĸλʿǣǵĻ˴
˼ȥǾ͵İԼ뷨˵˳
ĬĬ˵ͷ
ǾҲֻܹԼ
Ƕ˭ģǾ֪֪׵ģҲֻǱ˴˵
Ȼò˶٣ǸоֵǮĻܹװһЩġ
ֱ·װĶģ̵˲ԭԭ·أص˾ӵ档
һ̵İѶźãӲӵĽͰǵǰ
̵һµĹ˼۸
ȽɣȰеһֽһЩҩǵǶԴΪ⣬Ҫ֪֮ǰҩʱй˼ӵ״ûʲôҩҲôǮˣȸҲһʢĸҳԡ
ǮǱصļֵۣһǮǮá
򣬷ԭҲǺïʢģʱ򼸸ССܹǮ׬ܹȵ̲Ӫ
̶˵ĺеͬ뷨ǮҲ˵ͻˣܹɽա
ĬЩûǰ飬ֻǵͷ˵еͬ⡣
ôҾʹЩǮһˣܹܲٵĵ·ϾԺð쳵ӣʲôҪרŵŶӡ
һȥɣһҲġ
ҲԸ׵һЩŲ¶˿СôǮһĸô죿
Ĭͬ
峿˱һͬĳɽ⸽С˵ǸʲôҲûôĹģҲܴģȥһҽ˲ҩ
̿һרƥĵطҲЦЦ
ȥһɣһЩʱ֡СҲǴȻһЩר䶫
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Ĭĵס˵֡
㣿
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˲ʶ̧٣붯ֶ˶ѡ
Ĭ˵š
ͬҲû뵽˾Ȼôı£һԵҪܣû뵽ֱӵı˦һơ
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жҶ˵ֻܹץסᣬҪܣȴû뵽ԷĶ졣
ס֡
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˳˳ˮİϡ
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Ҳûпȼƣ˴һƥһƥ˻Ϊʲô˹
ȴϲüҵĸ˵ҿԶݵϢһ죬кóԵڵȴŴأ
Ͼţ⣬ģ㹻ˡ
Ѿ˼þӦЩʲô
Ҳһ԰Сǣһط׼˼һǡ
ΪԺսڿ̲ݻ
Ĭ¶ԣҲһкá
ǵһĵȵ̫̫ˣڽߡ
ҾͳԺõĺȺõĺú쿪ʼͿʼħѵ
Įͬٵδ
һжδнתá


563 ȥ

ѵҲġ
ŷߵ̫æȻ
̾·ͻȻ롣
Ҿûô򵥡˶٣үүߵ̫ͻȻ֮ǰһֱɫԡ
Ĭһһ˼˵ѵͳйϵ
Ʋ֮һʱǺоݡ
̾˵ĺе
ͳйϵĻǺеüͷ˼롣үүӦ׼Ҳûиңȥˣǻȥ˻Ǻ͹֮飬Щö֪
ͬʱҲϣ÷֪˽»о飬ͷض
Щ黹ö鷳ˣܰƹܾӵѵ𣿡ԼĿߵ¶Ҳʵǳ֮ʿƹܣ˶õʱ䣬ԽԽġ
Ҳӵ侲
Ҳ׵ķŹǵģ֮ǰ黹ĿͶûô򵥡
ĬҲָԼڱķܹΪԼ÷ֽǳ鶼֪Ҳ޷æ㣬ķӿ֮ʱܹ
ڱ˵õ飬ķ棬Ķﲻõģ˵ҲǲĬһܹЩĻҲһ¡
ͬ뷨˼Ŀϡ
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ҵķڵ顣һ㲻Ҫ˵ɺ͹ģ뱾ܹúܺã̧ͷĬҲǾԲпɳ֮ġ
Ĭղ΢ҵһԻһ¡
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ֻЩǮܹάֶãҪʲôʱ
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á
Ӧ֮뿪ƿ買ǵ̣ѯʣҶã
ʵҲûеȶã̸ܺʲô֮ǰĹҵģ϶ͲԸ¡
Щһ뿴εôߵģһס֡
Щ鲻֪Ϊ֪ˣͽ˱һ𣿡
ףĬ˽¾Ϊʲôֹ˵˸ͣıܿԼڿ»뷨
Ƕ˵ˣҾֻܹװ·£Цеգգۣոոˣ˵Լǳһٷ
ⷹǲǺ磬˵ˡ
ô룿ȥǲȥ
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϶ҪȥС˵þöûмˣȲҪټ档˴ǵһĨº֮뿴Щʲôǹ˼Լ˼أ
Ҳö֪ġ
ôҲͬһսߵˣҲٶЩʲô
ҪĵĻ¾͸ķ᲻ǲưոݵġ
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ĬͬģѤõ̻¶һĨЦݡ
뿪ģҲϣܱ̻ף
˵վҪϣ뿪
Ҳϣǰ·ܹٿ


564 磿

̴ϻû뵽Լȥ·ϡûең۪۪סǵȥ·̡
ʱܵȥˣſܣҲûмˣ˵ǳȥˣʲôѵǽﲻ𣿡
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Ҳ뿪ô£
Ҳûʲô飬ֻǸ˵Ҫڽ㣬һȥԸ
۪۪Լʲôԣܾúò֪ҲĶԼõˡ
֪ʲô£ܱ֤һԲʲôġ
һ˵һ䣬ϣܹͬԼ뷨ֱž⡣
ðɣðɡ
ȥһ̽ͼڣˮӯӯҲòܶ˵ϰ֡
ô飬ҲԸ˵
˼ȥס֣ѯһ⡣
أһεᣬ㻹û˵Ǽ˵ʼҵһܵøҰɡ
ģ˵ԶٷҲڣҲûʲô顣۪۪ĵ֤š
ȻҲ֪Լ羿ʲô뷨һ˫ڰ׷ȻΣһ˵źûϣܹԼʱ򣬷ֻ۪۪ڵӳ
㣬ĲҪ롣̣ոǾԲлĵġȻڣǼ˾һۣҲ𣿡
뾡ܵ˵㡣
СİѶ֮ǰһЩ˵۲ûж˵
ڿĿ֮Ļɣ۪۪˴һЩΡ
үɲõЩʲôʱҲͨ壬˵֮ǰЩûκεĵ⣬ҪλǲҪ֣ķʲôĻһʱ仳ҵλġ
Ҳͷ˵ˣỹΪ뷢ԼɵɣĻ;ԼرԿ
㡣˰ɣ˵ϣܻܲΪ顭ֻܹεĹһȿ޻ѿЦݣΪǿһҪãڿôôأ
Żģǰ鴦ãϿ϶Լ
۪۪˼ǵĵ˵ͷõȷĴ֮˵һԼȳ׷ǿɲ۸ҡ
ڳһίģģҲû֪ôˡ
Ҳɻ󣬲Ϊڣǿڳһ֮ģҲܹȻ
߰ɡ
ŴСңµĻȥԴˣûж˵ֻǽĺ档
ȵص棬ЩȫĴԺ̲ϣ˼ظ̾һ
Ҳ򵥡ǰĸԵİٺϻһˮŵİٺϻȴǧ뷨Ӱɣҵǵɽ֮ơ
һ˵ĻҲ㹻ͷˡ
룬Ȳ˵϶رءĸĶͷҲûٶ˵ЩģһֻǵĿϢһɣмʱͶٵģ¿¶岻á
º͵ЦЦͬ˵ǣڴϱۺϢ˯ţǣ飬ϢƬҲǺ¡
ȵʱƵػҹɫ٣湴˵ƻգһĨɫܹܵůǱߡ
ɡʱ䲻ˣŸϴءĸȥ˵ˮƽܺãܷһϲ
ǾޱסɫĻͬĻǶ䣬ĻƼĵţȹϸС
۾㼫ĵİ··һɫӣڳ죬ӳ֮¸ķ绪κ˾̹ĵΡ
ӡ
Ȼ֪·Ǻ䣬û˵ϡ
̶Ůˡ
ͭеԼǳǳЦЦȴ̫㺡
ڽһ
ֲ˵ʲôòÿġº͵ЦЦҺСֲͬˣҲûҪٶȥȽһЩʲô
ݵͿĨ֬ˮ֣֮ҲҪ̫ĶĬѾ裬ֻҪȥţ㹻ˡ
ҹɫƳ¹⣬䵭


565 Լ

̤ͥԺʱƺǰһ¹ӳ֮£ԵףĶ˲ìܣֽȻͬķ񣬻ȻɣΪһջ
֮вɵûһĨ֮УݸоҲ鲻ԽظȾ˷۪۪
俴ĿЩΪ˴ڳϵ棬ûж˵
۪۪һֻĻһС
㣬úÿһԼҪŽżĺܺÿɣ˶ˡ
òԵĳǾ˾Ʊһѵģƺûʲô
ѵǲ´ĬĬţ˷ָ۪۪
Ȼˣ˼۳Ͷ٣ϲŻһ·鲻ԽľϢƬ̣ʱǼЦˡ
ݲȵ˵òؽԵɣ˾⡣
һ˵ʲôϵأ
ԣĶţͬǾ˾Ʊ
ջԲģȻɫˣҶһϼ˾Ʊûж˵Щʲôֻһֱŷ䣬Ҿ㲻֪λӵľΣ
㲻顣
ȥһǧƱԴȤ˱һ̸ŷ£һߺžƣæµг
̶Ϊ֮ǰ¶ޣһʱ仹ûתƹ̬ץסᣬŸ㣬̧ϸ˼һ
һ硣
ˡ
ǵĲ׽Է֮ĲԾ
۪۪ļ򣺡ҪҪȣҪѾƣģζ㲻
ðҲöԴеȤžƱƾһЩѾƣѾƵľҷһһĺҲܹתò١
ȴ۪۪ʹһɫȻٰ㲻Ըûа취Ǻһλá
ʲô飿⸱ٶﵹе΢ĿɢµŤתţ֪Ҫ˵Щʲô𣿡
ͻĻλøֲģûаѽŵ¶
۪۪һԣ۰Ͱ͵·ʲôء
ֻǺʱȥĶˣŽյģȤһ˱£Ҳʲôû˵
˼ŤתƱ
һɡ
Ҳ˵ͷڣð
ȴûеɬǴһĨá
ǹģƺܺúȣ˰ɡ̧ͷ˼ضĲö˵Ҿȥ˵ĻʵҲҪôίҲɵӣȻ֪֮ǰ˹ȥһ
ҪĬҲû뵽Ȼھӵڲ֡
ɸ봫ͨǸˣҾ֪ǿ϶Ƿˣʲôأǳǳ̾һŪŸ㣬ĵذУȻǶ֪˵ĻʵҲûʲô̸ġ
ͬڴʱɫžƱ֣ء
̸֮ĸٶԴ
ȻǺĻǲˡ
۪۪ɴ˫ۣŵŷ塣
ΪʲôΪʲôӣ
Դ̫ˡ
ͶһĵϣҪΪ̫ࡣ
Ȼȥɣûô򵥡
۪۪ڳһ˵ģԭͷβֻһõĹ˶ѡ
˾Ʊ
̻ףôͻȻꣿ
ͷֱ²е²ߣԼĵ˺뻢ıƤʲôʱ޴ˣ
ǴûҵĸܣֻԼЩʵƭңѽƭ۪۪ʹĹһĨЦû⧲ʲôûֻԼܹǵõʲô𣿡
ƭԼˡ
廹˵Щʲôȴһ
˰С޹úϢ
ס˷۪۪֡
ȥɡ
ʲôæﲻϡʵԶ˵Ĳ̣ȷˡ
ͬͶݸһػᡣ
ɫ˵ӳգȰֽҪϼ֡
Ը֮ǰ˵Ļƭҵġ۪۪ԸĸԸĻȥۿеѾֹסˣĲãңһ㷢ֵĻͲᡭ
ûµģֻ˵׼أһЦĻҲҪԭҡ
һ̹ϲĽˡ
۪۪ʼպѪԵϵԤʾţߵһĻÿ˶ûе͵ء


566 

ʵȷˣ޷
۪۪뿪Ժ󣬿þ
ֶλĵģΪƭԼֺαأ
Ҳ۪۪ۡ޹ѡһ粨֮УҲ˵
Ϊǣ˺ˡ
ɴ߲СڣòܹƭҲˣȻ˵ĻֺαںֶΣ
վԴ٩٩̸ĵĻ֣һСǴһߵ˳
־ܰɡ
̾Ͳµûô򵥡
ɻһ㡣
壬û뵽ȻӻԼ
ǽ̺Χסǰס֡
ġ
Ȼᵣġ˱ԼŲʲô顣
ǸȡˣǲӦñˡЦţ֮ǰºܹʲôأ˾ԼԵֵסǵĽɣȫѵصľӡ
Կô֪˭Ӯ˭䣬Ҳҿһ硣ҿǵĵߡ
ЦЦǵĻġ
֪޵ọ̈̄ӣҲз塣
Сһ㣬ڣ׼
ĵ˵ͷҲ֪鲻ס
粢磬һߡ
ҲԸǶ˵ϻˣһѵ
Ȼˣˬһ㣬ֱӵأҲÿһЩ
ƽ
ҲˣҹҹӰͱǹؽ˴档
年һĨթЦݣ
û뵽Ļǵ⼸Ϊ˽ܹԹԵİԿ׽Ļ˵ܹһ
ȻǾҪԿףǲ䣬̽סеĽָСiıߣܹ֤Կײᱻ͵ǾûҪİɾ˵ĻүүôûУҵĹùÿǲ֮ˡ
ĵƺܶࡣ
˵ôķϻˣɱɱˣʱǻгеҲҪǡ
֮лĹ󣬷ѵز˵һ޲
ѵصʿǰֻҪҵһԿףܹӵһС
㻹֪ɣŷΪʲôôҴҵľ뿪ˣȻΪҺͳ˽Ѿ˹ȥ䲽ƽ˵ɽõĲɡ
Цúǲס
ˣǾܹӵһС
ҪЦ̫ˡ
䣬ֱʿֵ࣬ĶǹϣҪľᣬĳͬëһ㣬ˮһһʣֱ˵ͷ
֪ǻе㱾£ĻҲʧһʲô¶ûУЩѹ
Ԥϵ죬տɲֻеһеĲڴˣʿѾڰǱǧĹǡ
ĵû
ô྿Ϊʲôüͷص˵˺ʲô֮١
Ψһ벻ֻͨһˣͷ֮䱾ϵ۸ӣңƺǵĶ󣬰շԸ񣬲ԴС
۪۪֮ǰǵĽ̸Ҳˡ
ǿɱ˹֮ǰҪˣҲùǧ֧ģҲ亹ôļʸ
㲻ġ
µĹ
жСռ䣬СiǶ㲻
һΣܵв
㲻ġ
Сi϶Ĺһ˿
ֻܹ㣬þ
ʱͻȻ
׼˷䣬ǧֱֻӶ׼̻࣬ûüѪҺķһ˫־ס۾
ȻȻ
ɵȦףһУֻһѡ
жȻϸζıԼ
ԼΪѡ
ֱʹ뿪ɿ֡
̶ȥǰѪˡ
ҲС˳
⣿
ܿ췴Ӧʲôԭֻһ֡ɵɵĵ˾治԰ΣҲΪԼõһУһгɹ
Ҳֹס̾Ƕ˷һʱ򷴶һЩͲ⡣
ĵ̫꣬ͻȻò˼飬Ȼ
仹ɵĽȥˡ
ûǰɣе㲻˼˵šĻҵõǸ


567 Ǹ

ܹԹĵǸǺεݵһ顣
ȴûаֵԺٿѾѪ𽥱ʬ塣
ΪҰģǱ
Щ뵥ĺһġ࿴֮еĺҲ뵽ıϵ֪ɷ
á
ͬЩҪ˵ʵһ֮ҲܴܹΪԼǿڱϡ
ÿһ˶ɵġ
شš֮еһѪζûκεɢ
ߵ˷ߣһʼͶЩ鶼֪Բԣһж͹ϣĿģиĲ
һɵûܹӵóĲɡ
˵ͷһţûκΰ취
鵽˵زҲҪ˵ЩʲôڿҲûʲô
ԵĹһĨȣڷмν֮飬ڻʹ治һЦѡ
ܿܡҵñסǣͬʱҲø֪Ұģֻ취ظĺ̹ϣޱȡܹȵĸǣʧǲ
¶κεľԽҲԽࡣ
ס
ٵӳŷ绨ĹģзǺӰ顣
˵Ѿٿˡ
̿ͥԺ֮еƺ̵ĳ˼ĸпһתŷࡣ
ԹˣñŴֲֻӲִܹɱ
Ȼһ֮ǲܹɱˣûкʵǶֵģѵҪΪһԹң
˵ʵҲ£ҪվŵĿɽ
ŷϡ
ŮԹʡ˵ᡣֻûݲһ֮ǶӵĸףŮеĿɽʵ鱾ӦǣСģΪһУ
ãˣϾö洦Ҳá
еָĲֶΡ
۪۪һΣԲŻᱣҲǵĻ
绨Ůӣôܹα˺أ
벻ͨһ㡣
Ļķҵģò˵ʵ
ñѵΪЩǵǸ𣿡ȴָͷһθоǰԼϲмһˣһʲô鶼ûиǽֵ֮ĻôЧ
ÿһ˶ûʶǱʶﶼŷ۪۪ġ
ܹһ˺ˣĸףûһٶжˣ
̲ƵָУƽΪĪ˺
ʲô֪ͲһʼںλãС֪һЩ
ȨıԽԶԽá
Ůӣʲô
ܻ˦뿪ˣ˵
ĬĬţԼʲôأ˵
ԸڣκεĴ󣬾ɡ
ղɢ
Ҳѹû˵ʲôֵĻ֪ģȨ϶ܹɣҹҲûôԾԡ
ͬԼĶŮֻĸƷ̸ʲôɣܹǶԷĴѾˣ˵»Ҫ
̽һжúͬʶʹֻܹ࣬Ļʲôأ
Ȼ˼ǧ򣬵һ㣬ڻ·Ծɱһƽ͵̬ŷ塣
屻񿴵Щæ
Բ𡭡
⻰˶ǻ㱵ģЩ
˵ʲô
붼ЩãȻظһ顣̿ʼԼǲӳˣûɣͻȻʼǵǸ
仰ȷģû֪ͨǻκεİʾȷҿǷס
˼ȥҲиŵĽʽֻˡ
ʵӦõǸĶáǵ˵һϯͷβڣ֪ʲôһֱڹ
֮˵һ
ȥɡ
̾Լǿվģһ˹ϵãڵİοҲ̫١
á
ͬΡ
۪۪֮ǰľǱǿģʵĶÿһ˺ãĸûƫġ
ȴΪѺݡ
һȥɣҲҵõǸ
һ򽾰ܹ˵ĻѾˡ
ĵ˵ͷ
һɡ


568 ⿪Ľ

˱㻳飬һͬǰ
۪۪ڷ棬ѵõĴͷ˼һ⡣
ǷԼĴûκεļֵǸԼĺѺֳϺȵġ
һ뵽ʹš
ϡĶΪ˹ϽԼţ±˿ӣû뵽̡
㣬û°ɣ
֮ǰʹɢϤӰԼǰ۪۪鲻ԽĹһĨ΢Цš
û°ɣûˣҪңĲǹģҸ֪
۪۪Խ˵Խίֹס
ͷ
ûʲôµġȻѾˣ˳ӦȻס˷۪۪֡
۪۪ȴķ壬Ȼǳ׵Ĺ
ôҲܹ֮Ե룬Ǻһŭ˵ºͣ˵Ƿˣ֮ǰƭƭôãһֱĵĺұ֤˺㣬ҿĴ𣿻йЦġ
Խ˵Խ÷ꡣ
̿üģӡ
˺ˣˣˣҲúõҲҪΪ̫ˡ
۪۪ûи״֮ǰԵҲǼٵģôڸоûعںˣҡ
أ
һ˫֮иԻ
ֻܹʵƽĸϣΪ˼֮꣬û뵽Ƿ塣
ֳģҵøǸȷҲԣ֮ꡣԵЩ˼˼һŰ̵ĸʵһֻһƻĿľΪ߳Ѿ֪ҰģѾͨѹ˽˲ٵ˽ס
ЩĿĵĶǼţҪץʵʵ֤ݣıͨѹ͵͵İѾӪѵϢ߸أԲ²ߡ
ǾϢǸ٣ڳ֮粨ڷѸˣĹǺֻܹܶ࣬ѰһĽڣ֤ݣֱնʾڡ
˵ȻЩ̣ʵȴˡ
۪۪ûлôĴ۸ӵţ¶һĨԳ΢Ц
ǲǺûãһֱڰﵽæ֪ʲôҷƢǲøúİ
徹û뵽˵˼Ŀ
Ƶҡҡͷ
ɲ˵ԴҲԼ뷨Ը⿴Сһֱ֮УӦ֪ɰһҲǴҶȴˡҲΪ¸Žǣ˵Բԣ
˵š۪۪ž˵˼еĵ˵ͷ
ůᣬɽǧķѾˣƺӭȫµһ졣
֮󡣷˷ֱѸٵĴ˳֮йصĲбʣ
Щ֮ƣĻصȴ
ѯʵ֮ϻ𣿡
ȻڵʱӦöȥЩڣİѻύͳ˺֦վȽŸ
еҪһЩǶʱҲǰҲٵæԸòʳĲѾʳˣ֮ĸĸˡҲû̫Ĺϵ
˵ᡣ
һ̶ûзɵ̣Ҳֱĵġ
ʲô
ˣ⸱ģ鲻Խĳѯһ
νʼȻ뷨Ԥʾţһжܹ룬
룬쳺ǾԲ׵ķŹصģǵһϢûУ֮便ʲô
̶l̵
Դ˳б
ֻѣҲֵܵĸԡһ뵽ɵЩ˷ǵ֮У̳侲Ļظ뷨е㲻ʵʣҾÿеĿܸܺߡ
غ쳺˱ˮݵĹϵ
쳺ȻǸϳȥˣػô׵ķ𲻾ȻҵߵʱֻŰȥȴػĵȴţǴʱ
һ˵һ˫ķŹ⡣
ϬһͨҲ˼ĵ˵ͷ
̶˵õĽʽӦͼӴˣְɡ
Ѷûдȥء
Ҳһõķʽ


569 ˼ͬ

ģů
ƻС͹ȥһϰο̣Щ齻ͺãҲҪԼȥԡ
ͷ֮ϵ䲻֪ΣżҲûʲô취ֻܹȥ
ϾԼŵҪġ
һ뵽ﻹһĨǳЦ⣬ŽմãȥԼĵ̻׬˶Ǯ
Ȼ˱Ľ鱦ЩԼĸģġ
۪۪ȻѾȴʱһȥͺˣЩɻ
㡣ٵк۪۪üͷȥŴʵ硣ͺһȥúõĹһɫõģҲûʲô顣
ٴʱ˻ԡ
Ͼĸ磬ȴܹӷ۪۪϶˿ѹģԶԶԤϵġ
Щ˵ӦãҲҪΪ֮иҡһһ˵ĺ綼˵ԭί࣬ΪҪͨĻʵϧ
δôˬ
Ȼĵ˵ͷƺ̫ǴۣɱȲĳ΢Ц
˱Լһͬ뿪˵ǹ֣ʵЩҲûʲôùģֻЩҲԼӦúϢһȥʹĻ棬ǳȥһˣû뵽ҵԼ֮ա
һжˮ棬һЩ
ůůܵů⣬ĺŸ衣
۪۪һѵģ漴Ĺ˴ǣû뵽һĨӰͻأײ
˭ѽȻ·ŵ𣿡
Ů
̲Եĵ˵򡣿һ£վǰŮǼŭ׹ƺĪĹϵ
Ȳǵĺòá
۪۪ûܹί쵱Сܾǧ谮ھȻ˱ԼҪʵܲˡ
˭ѽ
ŮӵĽȻ󿴵˲мһ˵ķһĨЦ
ⲻС𣿡
üͷһԭ֪Сݣǿһ첻µزµӣΪݶº͡
ǾǰŮһ˼
۪۪Ҳˣ˭дġ
ϹΪʲô˲ġҸ֮ǰϲ㡣
һ뵽ͷ
һø˼ˣò׿ԵһԹȺˣԵĻϹͷ֮ǰŶԹ飬ǳǳЦһ
ǿĶԹǣѾá
ǳǳĺһû뵽۪۪ץס䣬һ߻ϹӵߣǺֱӵĳ˵㲻Ҫʵ㲻֪жɶ˼˵á
˵ǾԽί֪ʱжܲϹ
Ϲͬϸӡ
ɲҪѪˡȥȥ˱ȥˣϲң顣
ͬ뷨ֱ׳̧ͷ
ɲҪڱǰƾյҵף֮ǰжĵҽŮˣһ¡
̧ͷЦ˼ȥ
һԲ֮ǰͳģ
̿ǰ׵ˣ֮ǰϹĳǰһеķڡڶԷԴ˵£˵ֺ
±ĲԣȻΪ£ֻȥ˱ǹȥˡ
˵ѯһڽͷһײҲһ⣬ǣ۪۪һıãæҸӡ
˵Ӧ˵һԲŶԡ
ıܹĳЩ˵˼
Ϲ֪֮ǰѾ㹻ˣûܹί֮ǰĿڽǣ岻ܹչǲµġ
֪֪ҺӵĹϵ
ô֪ô˵飬ѵΪݵλı𣿡
˵ŭɼɫ
۪۪зվĺ档ߣء㻹Լʲô˲
̧֣µ˹ȥ
ҪǸңڹ컯֮۸ҵĻұ֤ϻŹҡ
ûмŮӸţߵǰ
Ų仰ǽù˵ǸǸȻĻǾԲϵġ
ڹ컯֮£ֱһ˦Ϲϡ
ǻȥɣôΪСİɡ


570 

С
յİǰЩԼСĸˣܽظɻ࣬ҽţ̡
Щġ
ʱҵհɣⶼĥ䷽ⷽӲĻ׼̸СӾȥһ
ԴҲ뷨
ǻһ׻˵úʳΪ죬ܹʳ﷽óСĻҲܹǣһʵʽ
۪۪Ļϲס˸㣬һڣִ࣬еܽظⲻ̫һȻ̿ڵģҲܺóԣ촽δ
ĻǵǸ֪֪֮ǰж֣ΪǺҸлԼġ
˵ǰ֮ǰһɾ¶֪֮ǰжίŸüͷ˵㣬֪֮ǰһٶңǱϾδŵɩӣʲô취ûУֻܹǰ
ͷɥֳһڸ㣬۪۪ᣬϹݵλѹһͷûа취
ܹ˵֮ǸˣȻĵԭ𣿡
һĺҽţ̣ܹĻʱУûĻٻűʱͷô
Ǻ棬ôôţһ۪۪һС죬ֹû뵽̻ôЩǲ֪ϹټҵжôĲǣ³壬һЩء
㵣Ǹʲô֮ǰ˵𣿡
Ȼû⵱һ£侲ĸĳ¡£㵽ʱĳʲô飬Ҷŵģҡ
ڳһصģڵԼݡ
һϹټ⼸ֵʱɱκ˶ڱصá
Ǻţұ֤ϵʱͻȻ󣬹ԹԵĹ㸺ϴҪǲĻʱ⳥òá
Σһʱ䣬֪ôԷ
۪۪ЦĺǿɰҲҪִ̫ţûйĻҲû·ǽ֮ǰ˵ģ˲С˹
˾һ˵һЦ
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ҹӰԣͶһҲ֪ʵ֮ԻǸ㲻ʲô顣
Ҷ֪ʲô顣
ʲô֪ɻС۪۪֪ûа취Ҳ˵ĲǰȥȲҪ֮ǰһϹԼģ
ͥԺ棬Į
̸һͿȦһͨСһϹ
ϹҧŴҲû뵽ݵλȻ˵ɲ⣬һؼҾͱһѵ⡣
ҿû뵽Ȼôı
Ϲ񶾵̣ǾԲܵģϴҲС
˵ҪĻСǾԲԭġĮĴüͷţڿ޵ĳϹòĿ˼£ҾͻĴ˰ɣ鷳Ҫ˼ƵĻҲҪһûʸ񡣡
۪۪һԿ̾Ϊֹ
㣬Ҳ̫˰ɡ
̵ֵƺƴģû뵽˲ʼį
Ϲһί˳ģ̡
λ֮ǰȷĲԡ޵Ŀνһ滨꣬ˮħڵŽ͸ᣬҵĲԣˣҲصȸĵز
۪۪ϹҲҲˣڰѻˣԼǰ
̵͵͵Цһߵǰ
Щ鹫֮ǰûпǲǶɵӣһΡ͹ˣ㻹һεõĹϵ
ΪʲôҪ˸ԭǸһ֪Щܹǵġ
۪۪һûϵͺˡ


571 

һɱϢͷԵ˾ҹӰˡ
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ƾ軹ڳ潩ֲµʱͷոջ˷糾ͣƣ롣
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춨һĨЦݣסһԣûж˵һ仰̵֡
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ּۻۣҲҪ·ԼŽ㣬ϸƤģһ뵽ۡ
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ȥ⻹Ǳ˵ļ£ҲܣԻǰȨ˷۪۪


572 

ĽϹǰʱΪע⡣
۪۪Ȼû˱˵ĻԼǰһֱҪڴϹʱҲļΪ㡣
ҹӰ̾һȻŮŮˣͷɥӣѾ˼˼ǡ
εЦЦ֣ȴһ̫õϢ
һ̫õ¡˼뻹ǽɸ봫鷢֮ǰǺĬ˵µĻͷɸ봫ң˵֮ǰѰ飬˽֪ھӪﴫĺܶ࣬ϣܻȥһˡ
һ˵ţһ߰һŽһۣҲû뵽Ͼ
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˼ĵ˵ͷ˵ĺܶԡ
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ҲΨһܹŬķ
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573 

ǸƽĲٵ˼΢̾һ֮Ĭͷ۵ķ˷ԼĶͷ
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ڴʱ׸빾ķţǵͷϤļǺţ̿һ١
׸ʲôʱ򣿴ģ
ֹûзֱ㿴ЦЦŰ׸봵һӣܹߴ
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볹׵Ŀ˰׸µļǺԺûԤϵǰ򵥡
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֮ǰǸүү˵ʲôҪĻʹ÷ɸ봫ķʽ̶㿴һдķǳĻţķʲô顣
ǵüͷϸ˼һķġ
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ȺһûлӦ


574 ҵ

Ȼл
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˻ƵĴĹȥֱӵǰܣܹǮһĶ˯濴ŷϡ
ŷһ˶һʯͷɫʹ࣬ʲô˵ӡ
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̰ӣͳ֮ǰвҩŷ˵ĽһͿĨţϸϸ˵֮ǰ顣
ĿǰԤеĲࡣ
ڱѺ͵ʱ򣬻ѡ˿ѡͶ·ҪһС
Դͷžһеıʹ
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㵱Ȼˣǲζŷҵ˲С
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ݲȵĽԼе뷨ȫ˵Ԥ棬õǿ϶Ĵ֮΢һȻּۻۡ
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ѾͷѵͲҪôļҵ𣿶ֻ洦ûл
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ֻܹĳļ򣬡ҪģȻ֮ǰûзĻڷֵĿԺܵ͡
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575 ֹ

ɽӰ
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⾿ʲô˼
Щ±ˣŵˮˮǳЦЦԴ־ڱصãȻû˵̫Ļһı飬鲻ԽҪѯʸࡣ
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Դ˿Ҳܿû뵽Լĸۡվżˣ벻ľǷ۪۪ͷࡣ

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Ȱ˷۪۪ںߴüͷ̬̫࣬΢ڳܸһֲõԤС
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ҵĹĸΪүүҲûʲô󰭣Ǹû˵ҵƤëȻڼɵԼĿɽɣԼӵĸо㲻ϺãİҽйֻΪĻδԵҲ̫С˵ɡ
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ҵСѾˡ
˵⻰ʱƽȥ֮ǰԼơ
һʱҲ֪˵Щʲô
ҲûҪʵİοϾҪԼġ
ҲѰİοǿЩʲôҶҪɱģһҺҲӡ
ÿһ仰˵ǡôղ¶Լͼ
ʵҲǺЩʲôֻһ飬׼İλô壬֮ҾȥҰ⡣
ѵñʹ̾һ
ǹԼľĻҲԴ顣
úķһ֮󣬱̧üͷ˼һ
һ˵ЩΪʲô


576 ˣ

ҹĳ貵˸ţû˻ỳ⾿ʲô飬ҹԵøӵ
һͥԺ棬Ƶĸ⣬Ժﻹ֮ǰඣЩ
岻һһõľǵĸĻһлܹøá
Դ˵ĺܿ϶
̧̲֪üͷһо˵ɡ
ֻΪʲôҪأε̾һ
ȴһĨӰԼǰ
롣
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ҾЩͷۣ⸮ۡ˵󲻴˵ССģҪˮŷϣҲٵĹ򣬶ڰ鴦ˣȴԼķˣһģҲ뷨
ôﲻ𣿡
һ֮ǰʱ˵Щ顣̸ɴһԵİ˵װףҾǲףǰλҪȸ߸ҡ̸Ҳ˵ϣ˵ԼҪ¡
ȫͲ֮ǰ裬ĬĬ˼䣬Ҳûж˵Щʲô
Ѿ˹˼Ļüͷûж˵ҲƺΪ˳˼ֻĻʱǱ¶Լ̬ȣǡһ˫н
̬δ˾Щĥ㣬Ҳɵȥһ
飬Ҳ֪̫ȷڷ嶼֪Ե֮£Ȱ߸ңδҲ̫
̶Щ̫⣬ҪЩʲô顣
޿κε̾һ
ļ磺֮֮ҵΪ뷨ǰʾֲ˭˵׼
ʶεĵ˵ͷ˵ˣҲûа취
˵Ҳԡ
մˣֻԼе㲻
Ҳñ˷Լԣ͵͵ܵ˳׼Լҩ
û뵽˸ڳ￪ʼ˵ˮ
ùãôģô
һ±ƵĿˮˮһģɵľúЦνʼ
ⲻһæ㻹ûѣһ㲹塣
˵ҲǷɫ԰׵ģɵĴŹС
ǲǾﲻùùø㿴һ
̱Ҫȴһû뵽ĶӹϣֱӵסԼ֡
̰ҲѲֻܹ㡣
ˮһ۾ɵôġ
ϲ
һ£ŵò֪룬ɲԼϲˡ
ùûиɣôܻϲ
޲ðڳһģô벻Լϲ
Ǹ˹ùá
ˮεĵ˵ĶͷǾ
˵˵㣬ѾͷʲôУôһ뵽ͲˣСӵѵ𡣡
ȻһţסԼϸϸƷζһ
ȻǴ˵еϲܲˡ
ʱ򻳸ӿԺ󶼲ùˡ
ǵĴͷûж˵Щʲô
ø룬Ĳ˵ˮҲʱ򲻺ãǺӽٵʱпǵĸԵڣӦǺãҪǵģԼ˺úõһ£⺢ӾҪǲҪ
ĵ˵Ҫӵģ⺢ӣܹܲһ⣬ε̾һ
ܹĻҵϣܹϾҺûһӣڡ
鲻Խ¶˱˵ģȴˮ֣صĿ⡣
ǾȥúֻҪˣһжпܵģԲԡ
ڹŴ˵̥ǲܵ飬ڣҲ˵ĻҲϣԼܹ
ĵһӣҲ
ȥ˵˵ɡ
ջˣ⸱ģˮҲ֪ϻϣԼĺġ
㶫ӡ
̾һ±ƵıƳȥˣ߳˳Сiߴߴĸϲ
ϲһСˣ״ãӿ϶ǲµġ
ص㲻òãصǡ
֪Ӧô˵˵⺢ĲʱɣսʱЩأиѵֱӵȥ
ϣеģûдԼݵת֮лΪͻĺӣ˷ܡ
ðɺðɡ
εգգ۾˸Ƿ׼ȥŸϢ
û뵽ģŷϾȻڴΧ壬ķֲ˭ʤ˭
֪


577 ϲ

ȿȡ
̿˼֮󣬸оԼŻ֢״øԣԼͣ²
뱾ڳľȥ⸱ģЩš
ôˣﲻˣ
ǡҡҡѵõ¶ڵľȡûﲻֻһҪ߸ǡ
΢΢Ŀ˼оöˡ
ʵҲʲô¡ǾúΪ飬ԥ˼֮Ż˵ֻϲ˶ѡ
Ϊûʲôģȴһ𾪣ŵظĶӡ
ŷҲЦǺǵģӦиˣڲС
ûãҲԼŵʱܿǶԴúο
㴫Ժӡ
ҹӰҹҲֺǺǵţ˸ӡ
ͬǱһϲøȾˣӼᶨҪӵľġ
ܷܷ֮ǰеʱͿĽѣò״ȥ˼ΣԼҲкˣʱǨҲдһţ׼͵͵ļĻȥǡ
Ȼ˵ĸҲ֮
۪۪֪ϢҲŴСĶЦе˵ʱʣµĲŮӵĸء
һ˵һ߰ЩѶĻУ۪۪ź˵ɲϲҴЩ֪˾Ҫಹ䲹Ӫкô
̶Ҳ˵һ֡
ֻܹЩ˵Щ֮ͻϲʵҹأ
޿κεЦһ֪϶⸱ӡ
ǿ϶ҪѯԼйҹ顣
˵һǾȥˣ˵ҪһЩ̲ʳġ
һȺӺǶܹȥԵõģ˵ҪһӤ
Ҳûж˵ЩʲôȻԤԼõʱ䣬ǻţѵõһ⣬ȥˡ
ûж˵飬ݼż䣬ҹӰҹЦǺǵŶд㡣
Ĭһʱ֪ˣûлҲǴ˲ٵĶһ塣
̿ЩСĶ鲻Խ̾һԼûа⺢ˣôһĵ˵ҪɵҪġ
ҹºͷ۪۪ԺʲôҲû塣
ȰЩá
ȴε̾һЩúõӾͺˡ
˵ţȻġ
ôء̿⸱ģȴڹԼҲԸǣҡ
ûôģˣҲûʲôԵĵˡ
˵仰ָ֮һҩͷĿɬģҪһʳûС
ҩ˰ɡ
ҡҡͷôҩˡ
û˵ܾĻͱһӡ
۽ҩͲÿˣ빴һĨЦȻ֪ھԥʲô⺢Ĳʱ򻰣Ȼô˵ģѵҲЩӡǲܹ׼̡
֮ǰ뿪ͬɥ֮Ȯĳһα㹻ˣҪڶΡ
춼ЦЦµʱֽȥˣҪǵ̵飬延ڸ
ȻЩҲ˳Ŀ˸ĵ̡鲼С׵ĵ̡ʲôûУʵ϶ΪĻׯңֻóǮ͹ˡ
۪۪Ҫѧϰģģһˮ꣬һϻ￪š
Ҳ֮ǰĳŵ뿪˻ʹҰ⣬û֪䡣
˻λ˴ĸĸϡ
һЭ飬ΪӻƽĹȥԤϵ㡣
ϹЩʱһɫĺӣЦ˵Ρ
Ǽ˵ģҪ
ϹԼ¶
Ȼǲˣǰʱʹࡣ
ڲֵһᡣ
ǳǳ¶һĨЦôϹٴСҲˣʲô𣿡
ڳһʲôģڣϹټʶϹټûʲôϵҪһʺš
˵֮ǰж
ҲǺ澿ʲô飬Ȼ̾ʲô飿
Ǿǲ
ʱܵʱͺɻԼһϵûУȻҪͼѩôصĶҲ䡣
ƾʲôʲôУ
û˸𰸣ǴһŭģֻݵķǳãԸ˷쳣
ĺ滹һ㶾
ǣơ
ϹЦˡ


578 Ͷ

̲Ϊ
ΪԼЩСĻ˷ֲ
Ц
ѾطЩСܹŵ֮һɳζ

Ҫûһ˼֮
˵ţûж˵Щʲô
ϹֱģѵԼЩС
ŵĴһ˶һı顣ıãܸоǿʲô
֮ǰȷˣӦôʴʣҲʱϣܹһ
Ϲ˵еģѺӵ˹ȥ
ƵЦЦȴûнӡ
ҪЩʲôѵ𣿡
һԾؿ֪鲢򵥺ֱӵİѺ˹
̶ʲô
ĲѾŵŵĶҩɢζˣҪĽڣö̥Ŀ
赭д˵š
Ϲ￩һ£Ҳ֪˴Ůôô֪Լ¶ˣһԼµʲôƷֵĶҩ
Բܡ
ûһжҡϹ޵滨ģһоѣô¶أҰ͵һĳʲô˵ĻҶỳҵġ
ԽҲתúܿ죬ܿģҵΪԼ⡣
ȴûж˵
ҹºͷ۪۪һԽΧס
ǽ˵Ļʮа˾ŶǶԵģҩЩϤˡ
۪۪С˵Żô˵û뵽ˡ
򿪿һ֪ҹ䵭˵ͰӽҰɣ⣬ҲʺϽӴЩ·Ķ
ǵÿһ仰˵ϲ嵶ӡ
ϹҧݣֻܼϣǷֲˣҲˣܹŵеζֲҵںغ˶ҩأ
Ȼ˵Ļ翴ŶҩֻҪҩһѵʲôɲɡ
䵭˵Ͼһ飬ɲҪˣǺϹټ˶ûκεĽӴǧҪ˵ݺġ
ֱǰ·ȫĶˣҲκεĽڡ
Ϲ̱ڵϡ
Լûоƻ޲ֻĿǲ˺ӡ
ɫĺҹ顣ҹ沢һŷۺɫֽһЩɫҩĩ
۪۪һ̧ͷӭȥҹ̽Եĵһɫķĩ
Ȼ˵ĿĶؼǿֻҪиմȾ֮ͻۣƽ˽Ӵ£Ծǳġ
Ŵ˻ֱӵץס˵֡
ŶΣյɤ˹
Ϲס˺ѷεʹʱ֮䴭û뵽ǰ˵ѹ֮
Ҫʲô
Ҫʲô㻹𣿡ΣյҪıɱȻֱӵİ͵ٸ档
۪۪һ۾ţûȻĲҪ˺㣬磬ֱӰ͵ٸȥùٸжϡ
˼Ƭ̡
һӣѾԻ
û뵽ô˼ĵǲ̨棬Ϊһ𣿡
ĺһ
Ϲû뵽Լôı֡
ǿɲҪƾյҵףĲģҿǡϹֹ֮ǰĻԼѾˣҲûаӵȥҿϹټҵˡ
ӷͬ㲻֪صĻҽٸһ顣ۺϵ˵գ룬鷳ˡ˰͵ٸȥɡ
ϹҪһ£û뵽ֱӱ廨󣬸Ѳ
Ҫǵ֣˵ûá
˼˵ЩеûĻֱӰ͵ٸ棬ùٸ˵
ģҪװĻɸҾáǺúõĸ㴫İɣĴ˼Ļôϧ
ڿֿȵô벻̾ԼҲûбҪȥЩʲô
Ϲֻܱ͵˹ٸ
۪۪ɡҹ֮ǰ
ҹĳɫҲôңϹټҵˣҲ
һԿҲľսġ
û飬ﲻˣ
ûоﲻҲҪΪ̫ˣȵСѲҡ
ЦЦ
һһЩȥ
ȻǸۻʱԽԽˣҲûа취


579 ³֤Լ

飬Ȼˣǻ뷨
ϹȻͽ˹ٸ䣬ǻǾϧ
ͻȻʣ֪еиƽʱӦóЩʲôʱ䣬̶ʲôԣ⸱ģҺż
Щʲôҵǲ֪һ˵иӦöಹЩӪöЩ۪۪뵽еĻ⣬ੲݵ˵ţ̲ľˣټһЩҩģĻá
ҹҲһóдһҩдһЩҩġ
ЩҩĶǺʺ̲ģ״ܺãҪ̫̲ҩƷᵼѪӿЩҩĸոպá
˵֮ҲЩؿ
֢״Ҫ̲ˡ
ѵ㻹𣿡۪۪ȻʮָմˮģǶЩޣЦе֪ûôףҪûдõĻһζиŲЩζġ
ǧȻǶǺ棬ܹһ
ڻϢлܹʱȥĴ͡
ҹºͷ۪۪˾һԿʼΧۡ
ʳĺܶ࣬ʳĶΪеԵⲹģˮ滹ŻͲ㡣
뽫һ磬ֱӽͷȻǴ̡
һԵҩѾ׼ˣȷŽ￪ʼȻˣҩһ
һԿʼ˻ڹзˮȰŽˮһΣȥζְ֮ɣµһͣȷϣУзȳ΢΢ζʱٰ֮ǰҩȥ
ոŵ΢ζʱٰѻתƻ
ҹ¶һԿĿɿڴġû뵽ȻҿַʱѾ˲ٵķˡ
˵ѽԭ㻹ȱ¡
˼ĸ̾һ佱
Ҳ֪˵ЩʲôЦǺǵر䣬Щ佱˹ȥ
ʲôЩóԵĶء
һ˵ĸĳģҲû˻˵ľǶǴģҲȫϯӡ
۪۪һԿøˮֱҩʱܹѾвҩҲټˡ
һСֹһ䣬ҪҪиͺˡ
ʱŵ˿еһɷ㣬ԽԽ˯ҲԽԽˣֻԶ˶Ӧң˲١
ڴͦŵĶӣǱ˴ݲйһ
εصͷ̾һһŶ㿴˷۪۪
㣬ɽпڸˡ
Ŀ佱Ī˲ǵ֪Ǻá
ʲôӣǲ͵͵ıʲô
ĿһۣҲʲôԾġ
˺ˣ֪ˡ
۪۪Сǣ֣Ȼ˴ڰڷŸʽĲˡ
ҹҲһҩţζô
ȫ֪ʲô飬գգ֮𣿡
Щ˺֮ǰԵľ¥ķȫһˣҲܹµ϶ģֻ֪ζô
һЩڴģҪҪһζô
һ˵ţһ۾ҧСŵ˵ߣĴһȷ¶Ⱥ֮ι̡
ܺúȵġ
۪۪ƲƲʹȤ˵û˼ˣͺһڣ͸ôҸı飬ܿźòá
㲻зԺȷ𡣡
ЦǺǵĺһȻвҩķ㣬ǲŨҲûʲôвҩĿɬζ
ܺúȡּϿҵظһ顣
˵ЩкϽԷ
۪۪һԳŷҲ˼ĸ̾Ȼ˾ǺãܹԵԼķˡ
˵Ļⲻ˵ҲҪˡ
̿ǷʱҹһûʲôµĻҲš
½ҵǲֻ֪֪Ҹ뷽跨ҪҸ
һ˵ոյЦȫʧ
֪ж൹ùһε̾һҲ֪ЩʲôϽҸҲҪ
һ˵ţһĽ˹ȥҹ¡
һԸ̾һ㣬ֻҪ˵Ļ϶ǲΪģ磬˵ͺá
ûǲΪġЦЦͷ磬ѻ˵


580 ҵ˼

ǻϲصĿʼŷɵ̸۵ʱЩΡ
ҲطˣǱͬҲܲ²⣬ҹºͷ۪۪֮ͬ
ϾǱ˼ҵ飬Ҳ˼ٶȥѯʡ
Ҳܹ˼ĽһԺ󣬱ٶ˵Щʲô
۪۪ٷҲǳԵԼ˼ףĽ˵ĶڣӰϸ˼˰֣ûô򵥡
̳Աֺ֮۾ص˯
һĵĸһأ㿪ʼЩϡ
۪۪״Ҳ׼뿪ҲĶȥϾʱ俴еҲࡣ
ҹȴĺһԲֱ׼صԼĸۡ
Ҹʲô
űӣЩԹ˵벻Щʲô
Щ˵ҽȥɡ
ҹ¾ôܹеϣΪûʲôµģԼ⣬ڣȷԼϲ˷۪۪
Ҳ֪Ӧô˵ҵȷϲ㡣
ɫӳ˵֮ϡ
۪۪ǲȥԼˣûʶЩ
˵һ飬ո˵ʲôˣ
һţû뵽
˵һ飬ո˵ʲô
˵Һϲ㡣
ҹµһ˵ĽţסԼ䣬ǿԼ侲Ҳ֪ô
ҲӦҺϲ㡣Ҳ֪ǴӺʱʼģҪҶĸģȻ֮ǰʱ򡭡
ȻʧЦһû뵽Լ˻ƵľٶµܾԷ£ڿʼԼ˻
˾ЩĽûа취
鲻˵ƾܿƵģҳԷʱܵĪΣС
֪ӦǾá
˺ˣЩϻҲҪ˵ˣ֪˵ЩΪʲô
۪۪۵ģûۣĸ̾һȻǲܿƵġ
ڵϲһʱ֮
۪۪ӵ¸ңסҪʵϲ𣿡
Եڴ£۪۪ıϲ˵Ļᣬĸһе鶼˵˭ϲ˭ǲϲ˵װס
ֻҪͬЩĻôҲԷĴ󵨵İЩ߸Ҹ磬Ҹȫǡ
˵ĺ˷ܣõĽˡ
á
ҹ½İ˻УܵůģҲ޷ġ
ҹɫɺ
иĸҲ˵˵߾ߡ
˸ǷոջԼĲУҲ֪Լô죬˯žȥ̾һ
ѯ
ôˣǲǾﲻΪ̫úˣò̫ã
̰һ֪ûʲô̫ĳ롣
Ϊֻе˯ţȻ֮ǰȻʵ顣
֮ǰε̸ģÿһζͷԣҲһҪϢѾû֪˭
أ쳺룿
ȥôΣûпʲôڷҲܹųõ𰸡
ǾãǳͻȻʵ̫ˡ
쳺ǲ徲ģҪһʺţ̫š
Ȼ˵ĻҾǵҪȥһˣһҪҵʥּǹؼ
һֱһԤС
ܲλ̳еѡ
쳺ԽǶǸϾɱԽǼᶨһ뷨
ڿ򲻿״ã·Ӧôң˵ôܹȥ
ǣǴʱ˵Уڵõ˷֧֣˵һƬãܹץסһĻӵѵҲӽתھ칫ҪܹץסᣬֱӵĻȥϱߵĲԭֱ𣿡
˵ĺ
ͬ˵һģǲ̫Ըš
Ҳܰ㰲ĵҲԲصȥһһҪȵӵԺ󡣡
ҡҡͷ
ܹôҩܹһ߲μӾӵĶһߵȴĳҲʲô¡
ŴҽôԱ̥ҩҲȱʲôҩ̥ҩÿ찴ʱ¾ͺˡ
һսҪǲ׼Ļľǳǧʿˡ
ܹ
һӣаܹһǳǧˡ
ѡ̫ˡ


581 һ

罥Ĵš
ŸϣһһڵĿš
Ĭ͹ģζ
ʱѵҲгЧҲ˵ģͶ˴֮󣬾Իһηòھһεķ粨֮ԵԱҲһδϴ
ĬĬһͦŶӵģҲ˼ĸпһ
Ѿˣĸµʱ䡣
ô룿
ѯһҲ֪ӦδǺãһҵ͵ֱӵʱԭ
ҡҡͷԼĶӣЦЦ
鲻˵ܹôôġǲͬĻҲûа취
ϣԼܹȥ˵ģӦԼصԼһ߳ҽַھڶ֮ʱʲô⣬ܹȫ֡
˵ĻûܹҸóˣһ˳ָ̣ҶܹȺá
ң̾ðԼһﲻ̫ʵö༸չԼԵ̫ʦڡ
ʵҵģҲǾãھѵأҺ룬ܹ㱣ĺúõġ
˵⻰ģʮ֣ء
ȥһľͺãſĺѽ˵󼸸»ѰҲȱš
οѹ֮󣬱߽һߵ档
֮ǰһֺ֮ÿˣҲîЩʲôóԵġ
ϲĲˣһֱȥ
˵ͷĬ
ˡ
Ѹٵİһ̲˳֮󣬸̾һĬĶȫʰˡ
˿϶Ϊ̶ɣҲ㣬ôˡ۾Ҳܹµ˿϶ͳһսߵģľӿɿ˸̣˭ܹе
㲻ǣԼ
ĬеҪʵ
ûľŵĻܹε˭ùûСʼնŮӣޡ
ԸΪѣҲԸԼվ֮С
ȻĻһֱǵߣôҲڡ
ȷǸõ뷨ǡ
һ٣뷨Ҫһ
ôȻǵķ붼һµģȹԭذѲȫ˵˿棬Ȼͷ˵ȻĻһ𣬱ϾҪȤͷȥ̽̽ʵȻҪʱս϶岻ݴǵسǰ棬ӣ߹ȥáҲĸµʱ䡣
ĸµʱպܹһεĿմڡ
ҲáĬͬ϶뷨ܹ˵Ļøӷġ
Ͱ̡
һõһϢ쳺Ѿ˼ֻĲ߾µʱͻʶǵõǵټϢ
ʱСһģֵĿ겻ǣǷ塣
Դ˶ŵһɶ
ԭ
缱ԶХĿռ䣬Ĳԭ֮ڹӲд
㲻֪Լ˶ãҲ֪Ǹͷò취ӱ׷ץ
Ҳҧȥ
ŷץסɱ
ҲԸԷɱҪȡʱ򣬹ĵУûܣһܾܵԭ
˭˭֪
űһֱܣ׷׷ģҲ֪ʱǸͷ
òܵɽ棬ȴˣ۵ӳЦЦ
Ϊ㵽
ĪаһҰӡĶܲˣ߶ʮһľͰѹӳˣ
Ҫʲô
ĪаҲ֪ģЩĺһûô򵥡
ҪЩʲôɲùܣֻ֪ڴ̫áĹһĨЦݡĿԿһѡҺһһȳȥ
û˼ԣҪĪаûзء
ҪǲͬĻֱӿԷ׷ϹҪǶһĻҲ⿴ôġ
ҧг֪˵ЩеҲȷʽȡ
㿼ǺûУ
ģġﰵһʵѵһпǵĻ𣿡
ĵЦˡ
ѾѾû·ˣֻܹǰЦһаĪа
㾿ҪҺЩʲô飿
ɲԼʲôüֵ
̣ãһͺüֵˡ


582 ׼

𽥵תΪԵʣ
̺֮ǰҲԽԽϲ˯ˡ
ϾҲ֣̥ʱҲֵһֱĶھĵĸˡ
˯ԽԽ࣬е֢״ҲԽԽԡ۪۪ǲǹʱԵЩ̧֣Ÿͷϸʵ㣬ǲǣ̥ѽڶԽԽˣֻһ̥
˵оһۣ˵һС͹ܵģ̥һһŮĻ϶ͷۣʱץŵ۽ˡ
εİЩ۽
˵ĻЩܡ̵ͷϸĿһĺӣܵĸĶӣһѾ鷳ˣҪĻҿ϶ͲԸȥˡ
⻰˵һֱ׳
۪۪ȴصͷ
ɲ˵˵ҿǺӵĸ裬㲻ĻҲ뿴ӣĻɶְ
˵Դ䡣
εĵ˵ͷҲʼܷܷˡ
Ҳ֪ڹúòã
ֻд˼ţȴһֱҲûлӦ֪Ǿòã˵ҲˣȻûѪԵϵô֮ҲǼٵġ
ˣ
۪۪εƲͣһˮ⸱صģִͷ­ʲôЦһֻССĺꡣ
ԸĻһЩһͽأܲܵʱһȥ
۪۪ŵʱǿ϶Ҫ뿪ҹ¿϶Ҫ뿪ǼȻѾȷ˹ϵͲ׵ķֿ
ǲһȥˣ϶һȥ
Դ˵ĺ
ҲףȲ˵ģ֪ˣԼùճȥˣҴ¶׵ķŹԼεָָļ
һͲҪˣ϶ͬģҵʱôΣգҪ̵ġ
۪۪Сһ
ý㣬㵽ʱͰҰɣ㿴Һò׺ͱһˣҪǰǷֿĻ񲻾ǡ
ҲҪˣ˵ô򵥾ܹеġ̳˳˵ˣǵʱȥģȥɽˮһ˸̵ĻҲܺͱ˽
۪۪е㲻ƾʲôҾأ
ҾõЩܹڻеʱɿȥûлУҲǰõĶˣΪʲôܹȥأ
Ͳˣ˭˵ŮӲУüͷһ
Խʹһȥòã
һ
ĵģȷ˾ʲô⡣
Խ׵ķֻܹ֤ʱ򣬱ҪܹͬһĻһȥɡ
ҪС˷ֱ𣬿Ҳܲˡ
̻Ǻں˵ĸģԾѡһеķʽ
۪۪Цסָͷ֪áֻ㣬ͬôðյľٶ
Ҳ֪ҹҪ֪ˣǲͬЩģֻܹʱϣܹͬ⡣
һ˹ʱԽԽ
ڿ֮¡
̰̿ɫʳָ󶯣ʶؽӹ룬˶ˣȻ׼ȥ
ζô
ڴĿʱҲѧ˲ٵգһַܹ֤ʱ֢״Ӫ
үһֱôúȡ
Цеĺ˼ڣͻȻһ
ôôˣ
ѵûţһΪԼ⣬ȷϹ⿵ģԲܱ¶
ѵж
۪۪ﻳɡ
ҡҡͷڸоԼĶһڴ
Ϊ˭¶ǵ˺Ҫʱ
˼
붼û뵽ôģϽĺ˽˵ϣܹϽĹ
Ѿ۵ֱӵĻ˹ȥû뵽һεʹȻ˵ľңסԼСʹš
ǻûа취˳Ļ֮С
۪۪һ߿Щ£³̡
Ӧò°ɣ
ãȻ޴һ룬̷ԸϽȥҲţ˴ȥ
·ҲõĽʽص˵ͷ
ڽ˫ۣƺʱҪʹȥ
۪۪ͷһξ÷ôҪ˴Żŵܹȥвš


583 

ۣ˺ѷεʹѹȫ
̸оԼһΡ֪ܳԼӦȥη
ƺԼ˺ڰ֮УȻӤ޵
˸߲ҵرһɫİ
̷Ѿ˫ֻۣΪ˺ѷεҲһʹ䲻׶Է˭Ҳܵʹࡣ
ӡ
˵˵ĵһ˲͸ϽŶ롣
۪۪ҹںĸšҹӰҲ߶ʮһˣŷǶȥˣԼھΣҲһԵ˹ȥ
űźӸǿһۡ
ոջڿ޿ĺӣѾ۾Թĵ˯ţĺӶһ
̧ͷȥ˯һ꣬װֵġűһ˵żĻ
Ǹĸոջ˹ȥ̡
û°ɣ
˵ʽΪ⣬֮ǰʱ岻ãܲ˵Ĵ̼úú̲Ҫȵ˲
һЦǺǵ˵š
ʶĻʹԴ׻˵úãһɵꡣ
Ȼûɵ̶ֳȣҲоԼʶóٶ뿴Լĺӡ
Ͻڻѯûоﲻģ
۪۪ҲСĴӲץס˺ӣԼĻȻݹȥһۡ
̴ûԼлһʲôģҲδԼĺӾ˵Ļɰ
Ȼڳ˯ţѾȡ̺ϵŵ㣬Ľëͦıӣеཱུġ
е
⺢δҲ̫˰ɡ
һ˵ɲ̫ˣΪ֮ǰӪȡĺãܹӣǸء
̾ԼЩۣźƽ£ƣ˴ϡ
Ÿչ˺ӡ
㸺չƣݣֲĺˮ
ûøȡô֣
һĸι˼ڣǳǳ̧ͷѯһ
ôֻȽϺã
˼ǰʱҲ˲ٵ֡
ڿ˵ƽ׳Ǹкӣ˼Ƭ̣ǽ֮ǰıѡ֮еѡȡ֮һ
÷ôò
գգ۾ѯʡ
硭
뷴ؾ׽һ
ֵǺãȻϲĻǱġ
ڶ糿ոʱˮͷ糾͵ĸ˹СĻŲٵĶصԼʵһ𼦵
ָĺܿ죬ʲôӵĺûʲôϵ˯һԼ˵ҩСiСֿ滹ӦоУܹиҪҶᡣ
֮ǰ׼ж㣬ھжҸ
ɫ󣬷Ļ˯ž
ˮʱǿܰĳȴûп롣
أ
һ߰ѶжһߵĶƬ̣ȻŰĿתԼСֶ
˯úܰꡣ
ȥȥˣʱﶼ˸ԵģĲ¡
̿ˮԼҲǼ˼졣
ˮȴͬھ´˵˵㣬ӣôʱöϢϢһ򣬾һһи̵Ļ˵ô轻
һģ
ҲҶ˵ʲôˣǾûʲôġ
ùãҿûʲô£ѧҽģ״ôѵ㲻𣿡
Ȼ˵ģˮҲǼٵġ
һϣߵĹҲû뵽ˮЩ⡣
ùãôˣ
ˮνģʼһģҡҡͷ
ⲻ֪˵ʵикôĸǴһ𡣡
ĵĺ⡣
ˮѯһǸȡ𣿡
Ǹк׼硣
ˮͦģ˵ͷֻ
ͦġ
̱ӱſɬ˼ҩû뵽ֱӵķŵԼߣݲȥܾ
ЦЦ
һɡ֮ǰ˵˶ȵҩҲãԼô۵ˡ
Цñȿ޻ѿ۵ĸܣһѽȻһˮ
߸𣿡
ѯʵ
дһŸҲ֪ܹ֪ܲʱĻӦѾ쵽ԭˡ
̵ͷڻķ磬ε̾һ֪⾿Ǹǻ
˯ţǡ
ˮȴץס֣ҡͷѾͲҪٺˡ


584  Ƽ

ƼŶ̶û뵽һӻôĴڸкҸСҲױһӵĸף֮ǰǸΪҵɱϵ
һеһУΪ硣ͱҲһ˭ԡ
ԣżҲῴŷ˯ĲĬдţƽͬʱҲܷܷдţŴ̫ʦĶ˵쳺϶Źǡ
ֻܷܷˡ
ڳܹԣ֣īɫżЦǺǵЦһ£ɰһСѡ
ɸ봫飬شӸȲץһССĺɫӣڵĺܶණһССıʯ壬Ĭ˵͸
쵽ˣҲ׼ʱ򣬴ȥԭʵ⣬ҪСiĽָ԰æ
ռ䣬ҲԷˡ
ֻ̳˼Ƭ̣űҪʱ̹ס
ҧ룬Ҳ֪ôĿ⿴Լǻ
˵һжܺãﶼ˵ҲöʲôúϢҪȥԭ
УҡҡͷôܲȥҲøһԭ쳺Ĳرأңõ죬ЩϤ
˵ĵϾĬˣЩ̫ϤҲ֮е顣
ȥһӹɡ
˵նģĲ˵һˣҲġӵ˶ľһ̱ˣĳˣһһ
˼ĵͷӦһ
Ĳ˵ֻڵĻһᰲһ㣬ô죿
˵ףˣҲ÷һ˴˵ԭ
֮ǰĬĽ̸͵ڻ֮ơڣиʱ
绹˯úܺá
ЦЦ˵үүչ˷磬үүʵԲԣ
šҲȷ쳺ôҲҲŷȥ
̱źӣĶͷϿһǡ
ҲģҲûа취
Ͼһжõİš
ɪɪ
ӻ˺ܾãĬҲţͬǵ뷨һ¾ŷʱ硣ŷҲֵϾԼѪ
ɣϲңŷϱӻû˸Ҷ
ǾͷİɣչģģǾͱˡ
ЦǺǵأǲ֪ζʲô
ס֣ȻƽĲϡ
үүǵˡ
۪۪Сܹһ·ǰһ޳УһƲѣҹ¶Ρ
Ҫ֪϶ͬ⣬ǣ͵͵ܳˡҹεס֡
ǴӦң˵ȥ
Դɳƣֹľٶɲã֪ģȥжôΣաԣúúõġңòã
ҹµѯʣ۪۪ȴִץס䡣
УΣǶһ𣬱Ĳ˵Ҳǲһӡ
̣ͬ࣬㣬Ӧҵġ
СҲǴϾͬĻû˻᲻ͬ⡣
;ҲУҲİȫ
˵棬ҧҧԼӦñСԵί
Ƕȥǲǣ
һⲻţĲ˵÷۪۪Ļ϶᲻ƢҲ˽⡣
˵һ֮£ˣǵء
òá̺ǵߣܹúԼ²С
úúãֻҪһߣôǵġ
۪۪ЦеĴӦˣǵľͺˣڣǿȥˡ
ҹüѽʱ׼ˣǵָ֪֪
õģһԹԵģ
ż⣬Ȼƽҹü
ҹӰһߣ̾㿴ңҰǣóǵĹ
ѧģʲôԹѧá
û취ҹֻеѾжˣе˻ûзˡ
е˶ѾǺӵĸˣе˻ûзˡ
۪۪ģĲ
̶ֿˡ
ʱҸһͿϲϲˡ
Ҳͬˡ
¶ĥҵˣ϶õġ
ڣǾҪˡ»صԼĹҲһֽѡ
۪۪ǼϾһγȥĸ硣
·Сġ
ŷϱŷ磬ǻ֡绹֪ҸڣŻ˾ţһжĥ¡


585  Ǳ

·Զ⣬Ὣ¶
һ·עͬѰ
һˣ׼Źؿڣȴʿֹסˡ
׼ԼƳʾȴû뵽װķ壬ЦЦ
ǲǣ
ţ
û뵽ɫģ㵹ǹʦˣ⵽ðɡ
ͬûбҪڴ˴С
ЦЦһĨЦͬļ
Щ鲻˵Ҿܹͬģҵã˵ôܹһˣȥ
ǲģĳ̶ֳЩ⡣
̽ͷ̽ԣҲǺ棬ôôˣǻûгȥɻͷŶԷ
¶һĨ΢Ц΢ЦģЩȻ
ʲô𣿡
һ˵ĺҵãԭʱʲô˭˵ôðգôܰҵýӸǡ
Դ˲ÿɷ
ͬ˻һװʿǰ쳣۵ķ壬۪۪˲Ծ̧˴ĿӹȥĿ⣬ԵЩ˼ˡ
ҵ⣬ȥɡ
ѵõЩţҲû뵽Լ绹ҵǡ
ŵ̧ͷѯʵ磬ʲô˼
תߵǵͬӹȥ΢Цһ¡
Ȼ뷨ͲӦ
ͬ˵ǵ΢Цûκεͣ͡
۪۪˵Ҳû뵽⸱ģεüͷ
粻˵ˣλ֮ҲûʲôҪҹෳյģֻҪĵĹҵӾ͹ˡ
Խ˵Խее㷳ꡣ
벻ͨΪʲôЩ黹йϵԵĻҪһʵңҪհǰ˺󣬹˼ô顣
ǲֻŻ֣˵á
һ־е㲻̫òȰ˵˱ˣڿһǲԸ
ҪЩܲˡ
֪Ҫٵʲô磬ȻҪ㸺𡣡е˵֪֪жôΣգԭѾսˣģ˵ΪĸҰһ˷һĳ˸̵Ļ˵ô죿
ѯʴſеİ⡣
Ҳһļ罥̫ŨңƺӳڵĲġ
˵ô죿ѯһҿôΣյľٶ𣿡
ǡ
ҹҲܵ˲ԾǴһܵģε̾һ
ȷҶ𡣡ҹº̹ϵһ㣬ԣϣìܼΪҲҪ˽ܡ
˵ᣬС
۪۪ץס֣ȴִֹĳŷ˵ķգͲңҲ׾ʲô顣
һһ˵ĺǿ϶ԣҹȻİˣֵ۰ĶҲΪһ·ҲЩҪģҪɡ
̽㣬ɷܹϲΪʲôҪ㱦أٻҶԣҪ𣿡
ڵŻᷢһʡ
֮ǰڵʱһɵģôڸȥҰˣȴǲɵأ
ʿƮƮģڳ˶ܹ֮лŨء
屻赭дʣȴʵһʱ֮䲻֪ôȥмˣҡҡͷ
˵һжΪá
˵鲻˵˭Ϊ˭þܹģҶΪֳԼõںǳҪˣҪȥĵط
۪۪϶ĵͷ
ɲǼ΢ɪɪƽЩɪ
Ҷ׺ǵļ֮ϣƺ˹¶
Ըߺòãôңҿ϶ġ
ҹ½˵һᱣģΪʿΪΪ
˵˴˻֮ҲƵļζ
Ҫ֪һжûа취⣬óҪģ㲻һӶڰɡ
ɬЦЦҲûа취ˣʵˣҲ뿴ԼãΪֲ죬ŴǣҲ˵ھ뷨
ǳɳĴۣĻ˻֣ʾʿ뿪
۪۪Ȼֻʲôͷӵŷ塣
·Сġ
˼ȥȰԼ
۪۪ĵ˵ͷ֣̤


586 ִ߾

һ·ߵ̶Щܲ˵ʹ˼ΣȻΪеԵʣ֮ǰҲ
֢״ûʲô⡣۪۪һЩ÷СķţҲ΢·ûôˡ
ĿбӵſϣԭԶһ
ʱҪǸƽʱʻȻ˵еۣǱϾྡ仰Ҳûд
Ҫʱ䣬Ǿִܹԭ
Ĭͬʱ֪Ϣ֮Ҳ˹Ӧǹȥ
˵ͷǸʱʤ̣Ʋһжָƣĸǽһ֪ûţʵϣսһ
ٻôߵۣ⻰Ѿ˵˳ڣҲһԣѵ˼˹ȥ
滹һƬдеĴԭ΢羲Ĵţƺһж˵İ˭û뵽ھＸʮĵطһսһ
˻ƺХʿƴȫֻΪػǵҫ
쳺ûĲԭһʤеĽļԵʱǲѾݺɳʮˡ
ĬʢȾ鲻㣬Ķ֣ȻľӸѵأԵβ̫ףƾѪϵսһ֮ǰָ˳ĲƽѾõԭط
ĬӪʱ򣬴ҲȺʱˣĿȻһƤԵ÷ĺš
Ǹιˡ
Ŀ֮дأһؽΪ̵ݡ
ݿɺͱ˶һ
Ҳû̫뷨ЦЦûж˵Щʲô
ʱǨҲ֮ǰǸˡ
ոմʤһͻˣȻǵĸǡ
ˬЦЦ
ȴںһ㣬ҲѯʵĬǰ𣿡
󲿶ӷֳ˽ȻͬӪŮӪڿǣʱϢ㣬Ǹڵľ״֮д̽
Ȼǰʱ̵ǰߵĲȥﻹʮ·̣ȥĻǵȸб
Щ沢ûΪǵݶ⣬ǰվӵĹذ¡
̺Ƶĵ˵ͷһҲû̫Ҫ
Ȱǵ÷
糾͵ôãҶˣһмʮ·̣򲻴Ҫȱõ״̬㾫òʱֱӳǰߣܹˡ
һжİɡ
۪۪ҲĴ˸Ƿеˡ
һ·ߵʵ̫ˣںòлܹϢһ£ֶϢϢ
˶ô룬ҡҲ״ĵ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵ĻúϢһ˵
ҲһԣİǰȻָ
һ
ȻһԷޣһС£һߵҹӰһһ
Ȼ˵һһ񣬵ܾﲻζ
ô룿ѵùһĨֻ΢Ц
ʲôô룿ĽǣȻһһԵģұȽϿ
Щε˵š
ҹӰȻЩģһȻжľ˲𣬿Ҳʵʵףǡ
һԸǽһݳԷĵطоסĵط
ȻȽϼѣ۪۪еľʵģǰˣ鲻Խعһϲ⡣
˵ܹӦĻ˾ˡ
ԣʵҲ㲻ʲô
׼ʱ򣬱㱻˵ס
ǵС¾ͽҰɣ㻹ȺúϢһ£Ҿͻˡ
ЩãȻգգ۾֪Щʲôȫķŵ棬ܵúܿ졣
ʲôӣ
̶Դ˲öֻ֪ܹȰЩһһĽ⿪Ȼűװͬĵط
ǵճϰߣЩȫźãࡣŷԭǴôĶ
۪۪ԼĶ֮󣬱Щǵ˹ȥæ
ŶŻȻһµģ۪۪οҰ֮ҲǷ˲Ծ
̽㣬ôûпүأܵȥˣⶫһյģ
֮۰ԼӵˣôͻȻİأܾЩԾ


587 ϲ

ǻֹžʲô飬ܳȥӰٵģûҲ˵ͨزģҪЩʲô
̻Щǣȴŵ˿дһɵζ
ʱűˡ
һȵţ̿
ղѯһҲԭ滹ţܹ̣Ծ͸ϽȥŪһţ̣̲塣Ҳ˵Ҫȵţ̣Ӫ
û뵽ȻȥЩ飬εҡҡͷȴ۵İ⡣
û뵽ôãһΪȥʲôˡ
˭Ҳû鵱ʲôСiﻹдҩԶһûֶһ㲹άصҩƬҲû뵽ַʽĹػ
ôܹ˵ҵķˣҪǲػĻ˵˭㣿
ε̾һЦ֮̶Σ̾һ
İʵ̫ˣ̵ģһʱ֮侹֪Ǻǻ

⻹û뵽һȴ˴ûĴˣҵ졣
۪۪ȵ˹ȥƿ
ʲôˣôôţ
һģﲻõԤнΡ
ǷˣȻĻ
ǰߵľӺļԮĲӴһˣǵùȥ֧ԮڵҹǨȥæ
ɫĳԭ仯޳ȣϣ𽥵ıˬвпܻȾϷ纮
̵˵ͷ˵Ǻ¶ĥòװѶʰˣȫĴߡ
ǱøϹȥ֧ԮȻĻ롣
ɼԾϹȥĲӣԺϵʱ䡣
ݲȵķЩʲô
ֻһ·˵йǱģͻûкúϢȻҪʮ·;档
ȵķ֮󣬱İƥ˾Ĳӣ֧ԮΪʱǰߵΣƣֻܹԲеķʽһϵǰߡ
̶ԴҲûʲôȻ岻ãҲһػںԣҪʶøҪʿ
۪۪ûôˡ
ϵķ׹ܹѸٵĴһǵĺˮ
нһ϶ǶǼ尾ǶڴҲһջ
ϾҲûЩȻҲ˴־
ʱžܹˡ
̴Ѿ۵ѣʵϻǱġ
ԡҪĶԼ־ķΪ֪һжģֻԼŬġ
ܹ۵
ܹߵڻֱӵĴӶըһһص̻Ѥõǵ۵š
Щ̻ʿǵ͵ġ
̳ЪһȻʵЩ˵ʿǶҹȥҪǾ
Դ˵岻ݴǣѸٵĴԼ֮ͳӦġ
۪۪Ҳĵ˵ͷ߶ʮһ
ȻһȥɣôҲܸһ֣㡣
ҪȥһȥͬĲһˣ֣أһ˹ȥʵ̫ðˣҷĲ£һȥٻиӦزġ
һ˸̣Լܲʧ
ĵ˵ͷ⸱ģҲм١
ãǾһȥɣ֮˭ҽ
ͬҲ֪ھȱʾҽʺˣǶûרŵУֵԼľ顣
Ȼ֮ǰѵʱ˵ⷽ飬ǣԸһսмأ
Ƕٻҽһġ
һ˵ž˵Ժ
ҲɣͷǶתת˲ΪճصĵطͬҲܹ֤ıϵĵط
һһλСŲ뿴ǡ
㣬֮ǰʱھӪֵⷢһҽŮľ񣬵֮ǰ·ˣһҽԷ
ĵ˵ͷѲˮһ֮Ŀǵǵǡ
ѵҲԱ𣿡
̳ҡҡ֡
ǿɲʲôԱǹġ
һš
㻹ĹеģǴܹôкҽŮ
ֱš
ҿȲ϶ǹˡдŨŨĴͻɡ
ɲҪǣɲܹЦĻҽĻ͸ϽҰɣĻ͸Ͻ뿪ӣɲǸĵط


588 չ¶

սеҪӵĲпᣬǿһУܹսĺۼصĽ㡣
ߵеһ棬ûдţܹ˺ѷεĽк
̶ЩĲ̡
֮ԵòڵľǷ۪۪ɴû龰
ܹܵ龰ںܹЩģľ󣬿֮гһѪȵζ
Ҫ¡
㿴һε̾һиӼе뷨
Щˣһһװɡ
Ҳ˵ʲôĻֻܹţҲãڲҪ̫ɵȨʱԼץʱ俴
ҲķĲԾԵпܾΪֵ۪۪״̬
ûа취ʼ򣬵ΪԼʲô
ͬӣһλѾ̱ʿǰĿͬһʹЦݡ
ҲûбҪȥѯʲôֱó
ȻɻûпֶɵԵɻ
ʲô
̶ƵƣҪ֮󣬲ܹһĶ
ԴúԵĺǽһ
̾һûеôأƿƿ޹ھϷһı˳ɫƿš
Сiϵͳֿ滹к֮ܶ࣬ǰòЯֻȡһ֡
ҵøһֹʹɢ
˵ţȻʿһ֮ʿĵ˵ͷҲ飬ûпɱ˵СԼϻ
ǿɲҪһЩϡŹֵĶҪ֪죬һ̵ĻҿɳеΡ˵֮ǰ;ǲ̫ʣһʲô¡
İɣҪĳʲôµĻеûϵ
˵ķԣĹһĨЦ֮󣬱㿪ʼסʿ˫ȣֹӰ쵽ĽС
۪۪˫ۣЩҿѪȵĻ档
ҹȴץס֡
˵ҪѧҽȺȥЩ򵥵ķʽа
׷۪۪ԵǿʤԸһ¶ȱݣҲȥˡ
۪۪ĵ˵ͷҹӰһȥ濪ʼæ
ѧϰҲǺ¡
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һʼͻǵĻǴžͲý棬ѾˣΣҶһеҲҪ뷨
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ҲίǺĵѣҸ֪֪ף˵ôˣ
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ǱߵݱĽšƲë⣬Ȼߵ㣬˵ǹ
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ÿһ仰˵ĺǲ
ͬνȻܹЩʿʶ֮ǰİο
ſʼԶеҪ˳Ҳʿƣû뵽еأֻЩͷӰοȻñϣͿĨϲҩ࣬Ǻˡ
СiֿЩҩҲá
룬ҰһĽҪֹѪ
СķԸһȷԷԼӾä֮ڣȻͰССҩ䵽ԼһСӡ
Ӫûֽͱʣֻܹʿ֮Ե
ֹɢɲͬʱҪĸһЩԼĪһСᣬʿ˹ʶĸЩҩӦôԣ
ЩΪǸȨĹԲ֮ǰĲ벻ıϣϾǴ⻪ѣҲĵûʲô𾴡
Ӫֻͬѫͬʵʵġ
Щ
ȷʵܹһˢӵġ
Ӧô죿
ʲôô첻ôģҪܰЩƵ˵ĻҵȻͬšֻǾҷĻǸϽ뿪
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Ȼ˹
Ҳ˵ĺеҪһޡ
Ц֮дǡôĲʾ
þöûбɣҽѧϵȨˣڱһ
ܵøԼж
æ˺£еҩƷȫС


589 ͽ

һעæµһϡ
峿ķ罥Ĵš˸ȻõĿʽڼӣҪĵطԼ
ǵŴǵ΢Цûκεı仯
һСеҪɹ˵ʸãҲܹӳɹ
͸ˣԱæǰæģȻӦǴֻеġ
һϣ˳ĵõ˲˵ͬԭҲǵʵ
ʿܵǵչˣȷ⡣
̾ͨҽҲҽİĦЩʿһεս˴ˣһΪ֮ǰѵ⣬һİĦһ˳ģǽˡ
СiЦ̵һϾ˶˵ԵõܶľֵЩֵõıء
֪ҩƷ
̰һһֱȥԼҩƷһܿҪһˡ
Ҽһ£ٰٶȵĻǲġ
Сiһĸһ
Ҿ֪ô鷳
ڵֱҩģҽЧ죬ҩܹάԭԭģпҩĵĵط
ȥΨһҵĿɿѡȻ㡣
ոգ˻ս顣
ȥܾЩԾġ
˵ɾ͸ɣ֣뷨߸롣
ǲǲ̫ã
ûп֮ĻײܹȥܾЩֵġ
ȥģôô£ǱҪҪĻҴЩҩֲˡ
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˵ˡҲûа취ֻܾܹæ
߳ĵӳϣů⣬һһӣڻŵĳţЩּͶ뵽С
ʱʱв
ԶܹǲƣǴƬƬ̻𣬻ܹ˻ƵĽл̾һ
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ôˣ
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ʶŴȻĵϣʱ̵ĵӦԵ˲ٴҶڳ޵ģһȴЩҡ
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ŮҲסԼµģɴֱӵѯˡ
ͬҲҪ㡣
档
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ʵҲʲôӣֻ⸽вժҩĵطҲû뵽ôʿвͬ⣬֮ǰЩҩˡЩͷ۵˵ģҲ֪ԭʲôطвҩģҪĶЩӣҲ֪ܹܲҵ
ҪЩʲô
Լǹ׳⣬뿼һ֪˶٣ǲǺͱһ
ʵҪҲûʲôֻܶණܶҲ˵Ѫ١
˵Щˡ
ʵЩҲûôһЩֹѪҩģһЩȥģ˵˪
üͷ
ͨҩߣ׶Է϶һҽʮҽҽ
Щҩǰģɽ涼в٣ֹѪҩģҪǺ«ĻȲˣҪһɽ
һ˵һָָɽ
ߣ߼ʡ
ļֻУñĲҩĻҲ
ĻҲǸеģͶеˣ˵ҲҪ̫ѿࡣ
ҵҩŻܹ֧һ죬ϱȥһˣҲ«ҲҵѪٺѪ١
˵ĺ̹ϣ̹Ŀ㡣
㷴ûԼеô
˵ֱֱȥģҲ֣صǸһ
֮ǰҴˣʱ˲Աʵ̫ˣҺܵǸңԵʱڲԡ
һ˫֮˸ſǷĹ⻷
ҲȻ˵Щ﷽ʽ󣬵СҵҲܶôʣЩȻˡ
ȻǶѻ˵ˣҲҪƽˡ


590¡һȥ

˱һЦ
ǻӵͬȤãϲĵһЩҩҩ࣬һϲҩ˱ϾʱΰѶҩģ˽ⲻ
ҲΪ˻ҵľӪ֮Уһڲָͬķ羰ˡ
۪۪ҹ߾ûôˣҪ˼ôչЩĲڵĸǻҩ
۪۪ʼûм֤ļƣѪҺЩܣô˵İ֮𽥵ϤЩҩĶҲԽԽˡ
Ǻò׵Ū׼˻ϵʱ򣬱㿴˵˵ЦЦģ
̫ˣ
ֱ۪۪ڿ죬ΪǱĴĻǵĽӴ
۪۪Ļ˵ЩΣЦЦգԼ
֮ǰȷҵ⣬ֱڿ죬ȻڵĴҵİο˵ЩˣǺܱǸ
㿴ǣȹС˹ȥνɷ죬Ҳˡ
ԭڳ¶Ĺâ
ҹºͷ۪۪ﵽû뵽ԷȻˬʵĳԼĴ
˶ˣԼҲûбҪƽϡ
һѡ
۪۪ͬףΪԼȷ֮жҽһϲͨһˣҲ˺ȡ
ʵĶҽһϲͨԵʱ¶ıҲпԭģǵİ֮Ѿѧİˡ
ͬ¶һĨЦݣһЦ㲻ٶ˵Щʲô
ҹĹɢ
̻һΪص·ߵͬһɫӣֻ֮ǰȶһΡ
Ҫȥ𣿴ȥĲȫ
̾һʵ̫ˣûа취
˵Ҫߣɲߣһ־Եķӡ
磬Ҵҵĸ˹
˼֮ǰб鵢һ
֮ǰ˵˼ˣԻʱ˿ڳ׵İһ֮Żһ·˳
ҹӰ֪Ǵðģ⸱ģЩĿǼۡ
ҪȥЩʲô飿
ҹӰһȻҾ֪ҪЩʲôӡ
ЩҪܳȥʲô
Щ±ƣ֪ʲôʱġ
ʲôʱ֪ǽҪϵģ
Ƚͷתһ飬Ҳһ±Ƶӣ֪Ƕû뵽
ô֪ĿɲҪҪЩʲô
ûʲô飬ҪһȥһЩҩѡ
εĿĿһֱϣͬΪԣҲҪЩʲôǺ˳ˮۡ
ͺһȥɣһҲһǵطҲֻ֮ǰһȥ
׳֦ҹӰӦĽˡ
ðһȥɡ
ҲںǶһ˻һˣһ˾ʹܶҩݻ
·̲ûеɣƽƽɽԽʵԽǼѿǼ·ֻ̣ܹһ˰߹ȥ
ߵúܷѾ
ҲûκεıʩֻһΪС·
ǰ࣬߹˺ܾá
Сһ㡣Ƕ·ûеôߣϷкܶߣҪСĲݴԣд֦
˵һЩʵǺߵģǻ֮ǰ㹻ˣû
ҹ·ߵģǶǴҴġ
̽ס֣ҵ˸̣Լǰ̽·Ȼһֻס֡
ҹӰԾߵ棬ǰˣˣģû뵽Сӵȴ˿϶롣
ˡ
ЦЦ
˱ƵС·Ҫʵǣִܹк«ĵط
һʵš
ʵţȴҹӳ֮¿˺ͨͨӣк

һʱ֮亦µĶˡ
ҹӰһֱڹעܵΣգ̵óˣѳһӣƺܵ˶ƣֱӵ˹
Сġ
ȻЩǣһ򻬣Ҫȥ
ۼֿס֡ͬæ
ҹӰʼչ˲ֱһСͱߵߴ硣
ǰɣ̽·
ҹӰ͵͵ЦЦԺǼᶨߵǰ̽·
ء
ʱ֮÷ˣΪʲôĪܹ
ԭϲ˼ңʱҲǻĿʼ
ЩߵƲͷȥסǵ˳Ļصҵĵ·֮ϡ
ҹӰеߺųǻ˻֡


591 Ѿ˼õ

׻˵ĺãɽ羰á
̾ȻڷѾǧŵǵɽĵط֮ǰɽ·ͬ˰ɽ֮ƽԭ
ЩµظȻûдӸոյΣ֮л
û°ɣ
ϸĵͳˮңˮݸҲûֱӵĽӹˮңˮžƽһ㡣
ոյ߿ûк˵ٻ
û°ɣ
ͬĻﱻͬ˵һζҹӰº£˵š
ܹ֮еֵסĹ⻪Ȼںҹӳ֮²ȷòϱһζ
εһֽۣĿ˹ȥ롣
һĨЦ·ʾʲô
Ȼ
ܺõʾһ㡣
ʧȥ뿪ˣһĿռ为
˹лл
档
ҹӰӣЦ绨ģһĨ΢Ц֮ЩɬԼͷ
ʵҲ㲻ʲô
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Ҳûˣôȥôȥɡ
ҹӰĬĬһ΢Цûκεı仯
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ЦñȻҪ
ҹӰЦ⸱ģЩ˼΢ɲ쿿һͼ֮ľ룬˵
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СiѵͲܰһ£«𣿡
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ҹӰǵǰǿء
λŮӾһǰһĻӦš
Ȼ棬۹·˷
罥Ĵš
һǵջܶࡣСiʱ򲻺ʱ˵ĸ
ϲ˿һҪѩգĿڰɽһ·ԱߵС档СiѾ˵ϵͳΪ˹滮·
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ǲǾǾĲ
СiһĻظ
ôأ֮ĹϵһپһĹϵûĻҲȥġ
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Сiһʱ֮䱻˵
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592 

Сi˵Դģôô⻰˵ģЩףֻܹˡ
һǳⱲûô
Ҫɽˣһ۴˵еһͨ
Сi滮·һСۣҪ۾ãͿˡ
һǹġ
ĬĬ˵һ䣬Դ˱п϶
Сiһ޹ٲȥĻ֪ʲôʱˡ
Ŀһ
İͷ˹ȥַѯһôˣǲǸðˣﲻ
ûоﲻֻЩ¡ҿԱ߻һͨ
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һ϶Ļش𣺡ôˣ֮ͨǰҲûнȥΣҲûз⣬Ǿﲻ𣿡
ЩԣǾúͦġ֮ǰûޣеҩģȥһҩĵĻܲȥһңûС
˵ĺǼУÿһ仰Ϊ˲ҩ룬Ȼʲô⡣
˵ͷʱ仹硣
ãȥɣиĲҩĻҲõʵˡ
Ҳû̫˵ĺе
˵ĻǾһȥɡ
̸ղһȻ̲ס²ۣСiǾûп׹ѽڱȽˣʱĽ˲١
Ȼ˵ĻҵǾͦõġ
ҹӰȻûʶԵģлҲһ顣
˵ܹõĲҩǶԾжˡ
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ʱܹȷⱼϢĺûʲôˡ
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ҹӰĿĹȥͬɻѯһ
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ġӱиߣȥһ
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һʱ˹ȥ̰ĺ棬ֹǲǾˡ
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Сi˵
ˣɱڳһɥı鰡ֻʱȱ˶ѡ
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û˹³ˮ
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ิļӳ֮£ҲܿͰ˾Ⱥˡ
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ĬĬ߶ŶԷ֣ȻԹûнҪõĻͲҪҵڴϽѹ
ѩˣ˵Щ˳˯֮У԰ΡҲܹظ̿ȡֵıԹ
Ӧô죿
ԵΪѣûҵطժҩǷһˡ
˭Ҳݺܿɡ
ҲԼ뷨ʱ˾ȹһܺõѡѡһ֣Ϻķʽ
ȻĻǲӦúúȶ
ҹӰǻɡö˶˵ôвҩʵΪʵ̫ΣգǾصأ˺١
Ϊ鲻ԽΪڵ뵽˵ԼĴ
ǲӦöһЩ
Ҳ˵ĺеԼ뷨渵
ֿԣڰǰһûбҪ뿪ǡ
ң֮ǰʿǾġ
һ˵֮жǸмɫʣǱʿǺģڲСĲҩʱŤ˽š
ûңھҲӦˡ
ͬĵ˵ͷҲ˵ûйϵԹۡ
ҸոǰӺӵ˦ֲ˵顣
εĸпһ
ڣˮɡѩ˻֮С
ҲȷΪѣάȡ
죬һԼϢϢء
Ӧôѡ񣿵ȷһ⡣


593 б

ɢսƪأѵõķһʵɴƺڸһе񼴽ȥ
̱ȻһֱںӪ֮аӪկר־ؿʼŲˡ
ҹӰԣͬҲǵ뷨ѩյĵ˲ٵ鷳ȷ˭ҲĶѡͬһ·ǰ˻
û뵽һ˲ٵ顣
ѩ˯ҹʱ̺һչ˵ģǺòװչˣȴ˸鷳
ѩյΪ˶ԼĻ죬ڴϵķִЯֿľ
ŷ֣ԭԼľˡ
ǵڶǣǿʼѩյݵʱ֧֧һ仰ϸǣǼע⣬Щɡ
ѩֻܹʵʵİľ渵ԭҳߡײҰ档·ĽҰҲҲôȥֻܹ˳ˮķҳԵģһСľˤˡ
˳ˮԲѡ
Ŀɿڴ
𣿡
Сiغ˵ûࡣ
ࡣҲ̫˰ɣֱӵĳΧ֮⡣
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úúõĸǽһ֪ģھӪ棬˵һ仰ܹдеĻǾͰ㵱Էļϸֱɱˡ
һԴǣκεĲ
طŹ⡣
ѩĻҧŴǵ˵ͷ
˵ûаٻҸҴ̣ҲŲѧϰЩ;͵͵ܡ
Ҳ͵͵𣿡һ߰һߺԥʵǡ
ѩæİ˰֡
ǿɲҪ̫ҡȻ֪ʿҸļ᪣ǺǵжԵĽ֮Ӧò֮𣬿ҡ
˵ߴߴģݽȻͬ
Ƿˣԭе˿ӣʵϻһ롣
ȻҲûже⡣
ҲΪѵĵطһǶԷԱʾҿ԰㣬ֹ˼ԷݣܹһЩƲߡ
ںͷۡ
ѩνģʼ򣬾һη粨ǶпԼͼҲꡣ
ģҲûʹʲôƣҸʲôһֻƽƽģĲҵĻͰá
̴δ˺޳֮ˣ˵ֱ׳ģúһ쾭顣
ǿɲˣ˵
²һ֮ҵһ;
ѩնʮֱߵĳΪǹҩһԱǲҩҩ
Сiõ˻֣ѵõµͶ
ţûгãȴҸƽˡ
ļһȣĪƾ쳺֧ʮӣȱڡ
Ĭľ·硣ҲڣںţҲֱǰߡ
ҾҲҪȥ
Ϊ˵ĺš
֣ͬǾӻʱſԵִ֧Ԯ
۪۪ھӪţΪȻĿԼΣգԿ̲ݻ
ʱܹ֧ܲŵĹȥҪһʺš
֪Լޡ
ȥǰ߰ɡҸһҲĻѹĻᷭ
Դ˺ǵġ
ɢŲҩζһĿɬ
ս죬Ĳ¡
ص˵ͷȴ˺
Сһ㣬Ҳһˡ
һ˵ţһ߰Լ˼оЩƿƿ޹޶룬ⶼ֮ǰоЩҩ
ܹ
ͬҩըʱʵ飬ǾӵªôĻҩ̽ʵ顣
ܹԺŵĹһ£Ǿʵ䷽дȶ
ͷ˰ߵҹӰԱߡ
·Сġ
˵仰֮ҲͷҲص뿪ıӰ
۪۪Ů֮Ϊģһ涣᲻ҹߡ
书ҲûǸǿɡ
ҹ°Եͷ
˺ˣˣٿ޾Ͳÿˡ
ֱӵץס֡
㲻ҪߺòãǺòá
Ļ鲻ԽĹ΢Ц
ҹȴظԴǣô˵û·ˣҪǣǻġ


594 

ƾȥˣҶз
ȷʵÿһѾ޷ұԶս½š
Ρ˱ѡ
ֻܹĬĬף⼸·ºս֮±øӳ
ѩĳ̶ֳҲΪǵĸ󻼡
ԸһҪúõչǡ
Ҳֵʱ俪ʼԼҩġ
Сiܹʹҩģĳ̶ֳϾϵͳѾΪ˰ٿȫ顣
кܶŷּ̾ɣĹŷʼҩࡣ
ѩϲܵ
ʲô
ֻһЩֹѪҩѡ̰ƿӷŵһߣ̧֣ñʵô˵ˡ
еʱѾһ¡ѩҪܵĻ߰ɣﻹ൱Ǹʱը뿪ԽԶԽá
ѩãȻ޴ʼ
ʵȻ˵ԣҲ˵ˣԸĻУڲǲԸ𣿡
赭д׳ʡ
̰ҩ඼źãתӣԴǣ㾿ҪЩʲô
ô򵥡
ЩʲôҲùܣҾǲصҸȥѣͽܣ¡
޹˵
ҾҲûбҪⷽɣݱ⣬һĲҩ¶Ļ˭е
һЦȴûж
ǺЩģ㲻úл𣿡ѩĲȻȰͿǿô
Ҿòô
һؾܾ֮дŸĸ߰
ҲҪ˸Ҵ֣ҪĻ֤Լļֵ
ҪЩʲô
ɲһȷľٶ
ѩЦ˵ҪǰҸ·߸˵ҾͿˣ
ƺһ㹻Ķ
ܹ֪йļɱǲķ񣬶˵һҶǰ˵üޣ׼ġ
Ǹ˶Ķ
ѩ뷨ǳǳƺڵȴ϶Ĵ𰸡
ˡܾ̾ĺˬ죬ףӰԼ׸߸ô챳ԼҲӦ飬һݲð
ܹĸ磬ô˵ܹң˵ʲôѾ޹ؽҪˡ
ԴԽ࣬ԽǲΪȻ
ѩ޹
Ǻ ҲҪôƢлú˵
޿κε̾һϲӺ˵ģҲûа취Ц
Ȼлú˵ĻǱˡνģһ۸Щ˵Ҳ鷳
⻰гĶǾܾȻѾ˵زѩҲ֪Լǰǲܴġ
ðɺðɡ
ε¶ԼڵԼͲˣĬǱ¶ıѾ¶ڵν
ϢͻȻľ
ѩ̾һ֮˵ļ᪣ȻҵĸҵֳҸ֮䣬û̫Ľ飬˵Ҳţǵȷˣϣٺúÿһ
ʵʵҪļߵ档
˵˿㲻ţʵȴˡҺҸ궼ûмˣҲԸ⣬ȥΪˡ
ȥֺ΢̰ϵĶȫķһ衣
ҽ¡Ǿͺú˵һ˵ʲô顣
еͷۣѩհѻ˵ˣⲻˣܾҲǣܾҲǡ
СiԶı˲׵ķΧڡ
ˣƾʲôҲڲ׵ķΧˡ
СiԴƲƽģԶֵ
˺ˣھıߴȥ
̲мһۣƵغһڲ衣
㾿Ҫ˵ʲô˵ɡ
ȦȦƵģҲͷۡ
ѩֻðʵʵˣԭļ᪺ѩȻֵܵĹϵǴС˹ϵãĴܡ
ļԼʹ󣬾۸ѩգҵѩչֳԼ˵ҽʱΪܺá
ªȷ˲ˬ
ѩΪԭܾļ᪵ʾãļһݣֱӵİ˹ϣܹڱ߾֮ɢȡ
ҴЩ鶼ȤӲҵġ
ίͰ͵˵ҪΣжΰ
ĬţһԲ̡
Ҳ֪ô룬˵ôźã
̾һ
˵Ӧô죿
޵һ


595 ô

̴δ飬ЩͷԣϾѶϼ£Ҳ֪˵ľǼ٣ֻ赭дĹһĨ΢Ц
ȻĻȺúõġ
ĥһ϶ص˵ͷ
ѩ˵滰Ҳö֪˿԰
Сi˵Ķ𣿡
ˣ˵Ķ滰ֵĹϵãǶļ᪶ԣѩųüֵϵͳŻԶĻȥѩա
СiǶԴ渵˱˻ԡ
Ҿ˵ɣҾһϵͳֻҪԸҵĻʲô鶼Ϊ˰쵽ֻӣ˲ܹ֮ǰЩ񡣡
Сi˵Щ˵ˮɵģ˲ɵľŷ
ĵ˵ͷֽӵĿٶȵĴȥ
ѩպܹ֮еͬ
漴ϲЦտ˵Ȼ˰ɡǸ磬ʲôᡣˣкǿӲֶó飬Ļ϶͵͵СֶкӪء
˵һ
˿Ǽ١
ɵĳ˵ͷ漴ѯ㾹ȻôĻôһʼѡͶأȥҩ֮ǰûн㾿ΪʲôҪҩأ
ѩεԼͷ
һѾˣǸ˵ܵ·һ˼ҼȽŲ㣬׼߾ԼܾȾû뵽˷۱
Ҳû뵽Լܹôң˻ûоͺãȰԼȥˣˡ
ȻҽѧĻǺȽôһ㣬ҪԸĻͽ¡
ֵôߡ
۪۪Žķ˽ˣ⻰֮ҲըëС⬡
ɲУҵĽ㡣ҵʦҪҽͽܵĻ͵ýһʦ㡣
̵ĸԼԺЦޱȡ
ֱ̼ĸ˸ԼĶͷˣһСڶ뵱Լͽܣвյĵ
ô죿
ҿҲоܾȨظĺܿܣֻСͰ͵֮󣬺ܿͬǵţǾɣҵǵʦҪѧϰӪܶ࣬һæģԴСǶð
۪۪νں󷽵Ӫܹ˾˵ҹܹһ˼
Դ˺ܼᶨ
ѩǸʲô̬ȣĲ̫ɿ⸱ģг
Ȼ˵ĻǾһȥǻҩ顭
Եԥ̲ǻҪӳ飬ϾǶǹŴˣִˣ幹춼̫ס
۪۪Щò׼⡣
ǻǱ˰ɣҵòȡ
ѩȻԴԾԾԡ
粻磬̽ҡ
˵⻰֮ĳŷ۪۪ҡüͷĵ˵ʦͽ£ѧʲôУѧϰҽɿˣѵһţ㿴Ҹ綼ôҪң˵Һ
һηȷûʲô⡣
ȴܾЩԾ˵Щ֡
ʱ˵ȥһ񡣡
Ҳˬ죬ȥˮƽΣжϡ
ѪˮӣٵһԽԽ˲еıӣƺڸûô򵥡
̳Ƶ̾һԼĶʼʰ
ѩձеҪʵڻĶŪúҲĳ̶ֳϻѹ
ͷޱȣȻǶûǰߣȥĻǰҪеĸѡ
֪ʲôʱܵͷ
ޱ޾սͷޱȣķʽܹõǵء
ޱȣ֮ǰϻʵ۸˵ּ顣
ǻ쳺ǰλԲ˳ʥּڲϻҪʺš
ҲͿ̿ȥ
սŮ˵ܹܹġ
Ĭͬ⣬Ҳͬ⡣
ѩһǵıԹͬΡ
ô˵ͽģҪǴҶϲĻ»лء
һ˵ô򵥡Ϊ֪΢̾һ֪ôĻ
û˵ꡣŻŵҵ
ˣϽһ£
һ˵һߵİԼǻŵģ̶ʴӵգգ۾
ʲô飬ŻŵӣѲǾֳʲôˣ
Ǽֱš
ȴ¶һصı顣


596 

һֽɣ˵ҪģõרŵļӼļĳʲô顣
̵ǵһŷ⣬ŷҲûʲôͬȴһ˽εĻơ
ƾ˵ǽ𣿡
ζص˵㻨ơ
е˼ǻʵĸһھӪ֮żΪӦƣǣκͰ˽Ρ
״Խ࣬˵Խһֽһ֡
ҿɡ
ͻȻе㲻õԤУǻǳӦԣûбֳκεĲԾӭŶԷ
٣²ܻͼйϵҲò㣬Լ⣬Ǻûж˵
ת˸ͷҲ
̶شг⣬ȻҲûж˵ֱӵĲŷ⣬ŷװ׵де龭
ֱţ
뿪֮ŷҲŷصǵĸϣзɽˡ
˵ǰˣ˵ıڵˡ
ŷƴҪ磬ͬʱҲû뵽ԷȻ˳׼ƾ˶ڵƣֱӵİ˴ˡ
ʹʧ
̽ӵһϢͷһסһֽ
Ҫȥҡ

ܹͷҲص뿪ھǰķ
ܣһѵľٶ쳺֪ˣеϢһֱǱţΪ˽졣
ôˣ
ƿһı飬˵ǲǳʲôˣô
˵Ρ
ҧ˵ͷȻһ˵ֽ̺ãյԼĿڴ档
ûʲô顣
˵Ŀνһɬ
ѩղԵ˳ճصģʼ磬ôˣǷʲô飬Ƕء
һ仰ǡôĸƽĳĬġȷԣǶõĽʽ
۪۪һܵߣ⸱ģ
㣬ҪʲôĻͺ˵Ƕܹúõı㡣ǶѾһˡ
˵ϣˮԣ֮еĹԽͣԽ˵ڴһյľȻ
վҵ߱ҡ
̻ǰľ˵ˡ
۪۪һţôܣô
ѩȦһҲǵĺ˵˵֮ˣʲô顣
Ļ׼ô졣
ס֣ȵøɣȻô죿
һһҲʵͷۡ
ֻܹԼĴ˵
ҴȥһǰߣýˣʣµЩҩĶ֧һʱ䡣
ҲõЩڻܶһᣬҺһҲѧϰ˺ܶࡣοȥǰߵĻýɣúõϾӺҪ
һ࣬Ҳû뵽ᷢչ־ء
ȻĻȡն϶Ļظڱ·ȸϽȥǰߡ
̵˵ͷ˵ľ͸뿪ˡ
ԣ絫ΪҪ顣
Ȼ˵֮Զ·̣ʵϣ·ʵǼҲҪнٵʱ䡣֮ʱȴһѾը˹
Ĭ֣ӦεĿʼѹɽۡ
ļǵľӵפضµλãֹ֮Ĺ
ʱ˻ŵͼһ˼
ѹû뵽
ô£
Ϊʲô飬Ŀŵǡ
˵ģȰһֽݸ
һֽŷϾжжÿһ仰¶ĺԡ
ô᣿
ĬһּҲţᷢ飬
Ļǵȥһ˷ĵط
ŷھ¹ĽȴǣҲǷʧĵط
Ҿþһȥɡ
̾ûа취ˡ
ȥĻ̫ΣˣҲģǶǾĹǣȱǣȥ
Ȼ˵Щд̽ζȴûʲôأǡ
ס֡
һȥУҲ̫ģǡ
ȷʵΪ飬˵ȥҲУ˵ȥҲУһֽܲˡ
ΪѡĬȴס֡
Ϊأ룬û
Ҳͬ뷨ֻĻܹԼҲصģ˵Լţûκλؾɣȥɡ


597 ȥ

̵ս֮ƬƽգεɫѾʧ̫𣬶صĹâڴʱͼ
̽ԼеĶϣ뿪Ĳԭ
ԼޱȽǣûа취֮ǰĬƶļƻͬһԭĲɽн
ֻܹｹĵȴš
֮ʣûܹ뿪
ҲܹĬĬףϣһ·ƽ
Сiܹ˳Ĺ滮·ߣڼʻѪѸٵǰ·š
羿˭ȥˣףֿԣΨһɵ˾쳺
Źһ£ڵٶȣҪҹʱ䡣
ֻܹ͵ԭı߽ԭǱߵɽشܹصϡ
ڻˡ
̶Щ˼飬ԼתתڻǻˣϦӳԼǰ
Ͳõ·̾͵÷أսһΪһԱҲҪʿǰߡ
·Сġ
̲סһ
Ҳǡ
ЦЦ˻֣ͷҲصļ١
·еҪ̸뿪ԭҵһССطס꣬Ϣһżߡ
ϢʱҲûгãֻϡ
һŵͼں˵İ֮ҵõꡣ
Ȼõ۸߰רŵ˺̶ӻһȥϡ
ֵ
ͬʱҲעԼݣѳԼȥ̽׵ģЩҲ˵ѡ
ҲĵĴһ·ʻ˽ϣϷ羰ã˽ϵı߾оࡣ
ĿĶɫ
̺˽ӣǸϽŷĵַ
ҵĲš
羿ôˣںò֪ǡ
ŷ϶û뵽ģô죬ʱˣףԼҲǹⲻȥ
ӣҶԲ㣬үүĲԣӾ
үүģûϵԶԷбġ
һûˣһڲˮԼƣʵﶪģ
羿
֪
ŷϲΡΡľԶָָĸɽ
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û뵽Ȼ
̴ݲȵ˵Щץסеһص㡣
ŷΪ׷ˡ
ǡүүȸ㿴ơ
ͬĵǣ֮зԼĹ
ϸĲ鿴һ¡ŷϵвٵˣû˼档
ȻĻʹӲ룬ѸߣҲ̫Σա
̶˵˺ҩ棬һЩҩģСİЩҩȫ˸״
ŷһԿ۲ѣļ硣
Ѿͷô˵ҵĲԣҪǶĻͺúõҡ
ԽǱֳһƽģԽ˾òԾ
ǻһ䣬׻˵úĬԶƽ֮
һģֻӵʹࡣ
ŷ뵽ܶ࣬û뵽̵ʲõգգ۾ģ֮Уεʹࡣ
̵Ļҿ϶ʬΡ˵һ仰ŭⶼԼĺӡүүǹѲڣôĻүүΪүүأҪҲֻ̫թȻ֮ΣֶΡ
Խ˵Խߣ˵˵űصĿ˳ΪԼǲ޵ģǰܸԼܸᡣ
޵úͻȻʲô˶ûʶ
ŷ⸱ģҲͬĲš
޲
Ȼ˵ţҲӲģһжԼҵġ
ʱðһգѷĻ᲻Ͳһˣ
ŷ۵Ҫοһ仰˵
ʱһֱڻԼǲԼˣʱ롣
үүҲҪˣҹȥһʲô
ĶԽԽ٣òװѸҩŪ֮ŷ˿ڵĵط
ҿɷŲģѾͷһȥεöһЩˣǰ²֮ʦ
ŷͬԼһ棬ϼΣһԴ
Ǻðɡ
ЩεĴͷ㴦þˡ
ѡϺʵ֣»Ҫһʱ䡣


598 

ŷϾж࿴أڵֵͣװף˵ģֻÿ˺ֵز
ŷϰԼѡȫȨĵݽ̡
¡
˫ֵ̥Ŀ̣֮оǹ֮顣
λֵܿҾϸѡģ֮ǰûа취ϵϵĻһ뿪
һᵽģ
ŷ˵ĺʹ֮࣬ϸֵĶǱ׳ɫ
ļȻְһЩҩݸ
үүúϢ齻Ҿͺˡ
Դˣ˵ߡ
Ӧôףﲻ̫Ϥе˰ָӵĻҲ¡
ܼӿЧʡ
һţһû¶̫ɫֻǷԸǴ·
ŷһ·ſڣнԶӰЩ顣
ǾĻԲ̶ִȣζĴ
ϵˮӦɢĹԣ¼붬ȴڴ˿յϡ
ȥģ
Ȼش⣺ǰߣ·㵽ˡ
·̲Զ
ִȥֳһ˭ܹҵ˿ŷ֮ǰҲ˵ˣ˺ܾöûҵκεĹؼ
羿ȥˣ֪˭Ҳû˵֪
㲻Ϻá
̳Ĭĵһ£Լ¡۵ʱεȵΣգҲҪǱʲôѣһẰǵֵġ
ϰˣϲʲô鶼ԼǣҲһϣ̡
ھȸǰ˵ˡ
ˬʵĵ˵ͷȻϡͬ⣬ͬĻǰڵ龰Ӧˡ
΢罥Ĵš
ĿԶܹ߽ƣò˶þҪˣǱֶ롣
üӿٶȡͬԴЩǣССһЩ
ǵÿ㣬Ҫ˵Ļɽ·Ͳˡ
̲ٷԸǳĬԼҲͷɿʼɽɽû֮ǰʵǵɽӵ᫣ԣֻСһ׮
࿴һۣȴɵЩ𺳣ǶûȻܹôѴ֮ɽм䲻п಻ۡ
еÿһ㣬ǲš
¸ӿļͲΡ
СĽӶһ
ͷҲصļţŬ֮ںܿʵǵ˶壬ܹ۷֮ϳһĨɫĲݡ
СʵţסⴥĿĵɫȻɫԱ߿һɫƬ
ƬɫЩ죬滹һЩͬһĻơ
˹ȥɻһٶΪζ⸱ģҲȻĵ˵ͷ
СҵĹؼˡ
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̽סһƬЦ˼ȻͬԤϵ
쳺
ȻǱ˴ˡ
̽ķҲЩܹģҪףʼҵ˾ĻҲԲ˿ࡣ
ҵ˾ȡᣬҲһڣĻᣬ뷨˴ϢĻᡣ
Һүү˵
̾ǵðһգҪȥһ˻ʶ
ܷܷĸǶ
ûһս֮ȴΪ˱飬ΪҪԼĺӡ
һ·ɽҲ̲ס˼⣬ȻԵף֪Լӵ¡
գ۾һãȻ޴롣
ҲѾɽҪ꣬ҲǸϽһص˸
ŷϽĵȴţ˲һ
ôˣûʲô֣
̻СiеõģʱܰԼҵһ
ҵһƬƬĻӦǻʼҵġ
ҧгݵ˵š
̷֮дŷ߷߲
ŷͬţôǣ˵ǶӦò֪⵵£ôҵģ
ͬ⡣ҲͬĻɣʵǾòܣСiϢǾȷģŵġ
Ϊʲôһȥһ쳺
ڵսһ
뻹ԭսʵڷĲ£ﲻҲôķæ
ŷϸϽֹô󵨵ľٶ
ѾͷûĻǴķա
ĸԣԲŻ˵


599 ȥ

ͻǲģܹᵽ֮ɢһεζ
ִ̹ҡҡͷ
үүҲСˣҵȻľٶжôΣգֻҲܹõҶӵ䡣
˵⻰ʱ˺ѷΡ
硭ΨһļĶӣԴС
쳺ȻôݡҲӡ
һһ飬֮ǰһֱûиס̸ģܾĹؼҲҪ̸еɣ֮ǰȻεң̸飬һֱû˵ԣû֪ҲҲ֪Ǹô¡
йڻʼΨһ⡣
ŷһ㡣
˵쳺ǻһȷģܻڻʹ棿
̷ĵ˵ͷЩƣϣҲǣ֮ǰһֱǵһ㡣
ȷֿԲɷϣ֮ǰһֱΪʲô쳺ҪҶӣǲµˣҪס
ԽԽ֤ĻλһǸģҲҲ
һ
ϵʵ̫ߣʶûʲôˡŷϳͷ­ϸ˼˰֣Ȼ˵ܹ㣬˫ȭѵ֡һ˻ʶͶ
үүҲ̫ģа취ӳҲа취ܹȥ
ԴԼţңܷܷҲŵʵʶڵļܲߡ
үүүүĲֿкܶණҲһƤ߰ɣҵȥ̺ٿһ۳Ĭ£ӦòᱻϳҾͺˡ
ʼݲȵķԸ飬¶һĨ΢Ц
̴ûԼıô죬⡣
ͬʱĵ˵ͷҲû̫뷨õܹǺ¡
ŷͷ۵֪ĸҪǿĻҲûֹܹȥˣԼҵŮҪͳİɡ
Ȼ͵úúõıС㣬ִʶҪʮ·̣ʱһҪСģΪ˱ⱻ֣Ҳֻܰɹȥ
ŷĳ˵ţȻŷרĲֿ棬ѡ
Ȼ˵ֻҪƤ߽αװͺˣǣŷ϶ǷĲ£һЩ챦Ķ
ˣүү֪ĿԴô
ͻȻˣܹս֮ŤתǬĻҩͻ
㲻ҪЩʲô
ŷϿ˵е±Ƶġ
ȥоһЩµĻҩ֮ǰдһӣҪүүȥҵڽʵ飬ЩҲѣҪ䷽ϲʣϵĿʣҶѾõһĿ
һһ渵Ȼ֣һѾдõҩĵӸ滹ļݣǲ϶
ȻҪ
ֽ̰ݸ֮ŷϿһֽǳǳЦЦû뵽ܹôķˣȻͬš
ҵʱȥˣúõһԣܹ֤ܹܲѾͷ
ҲҪһȷ˺ʵıЧܹġ
ɡ
ûµģүүһԡ
عһĨЦ⡣
ҪһƽƽƤߴԼϣϸһûκε⣬ȻְŷϷѾĻһЩűʰá
ȷԼҪõһЩҩ֮Ķǽıסŷϡ
ȥ
ĬĬĸԼʹϣΪԼܡ
ʼջ֧㡣£ÿ֣һ㣬ġ
͵˵
ŷŻƣƺΪЩơ
˵׻ԼĺӲܹ׵İˣҾҲûô򵥡
̰ݵԼظƺҲ⡣
үүѵͲ𣿷Ĳ˭ҪҾܹԼġ
ͬԼһĿꡣ
һҪط硣
𽥵ıøӼᶨƤ飬Ҳһ죬ڶ飬ֵ
ŷϿ뿪ģ˵ļȴ鲻Խ뵽ԼŮᡣ
һжƽƽľͺˡ
ĬĬ߶š
ȴƾµϡﻩģȴᶨƵÿһĲ
¾ĸĺ棬ͬʱĵġǵ뿪


600 

һз֮мĸһ̵Ĵ𰸣˲֪
̳˼һ˵;úϢ
·̵ˡ
ʮʱ㹻Ǵӽϻصʶ
֮ǰͬʱҲǵдһţüѽڿ챨ʱ䴫ݸܷܷ
ھûмֵˣǵһĶ
ܷܷҲ֪жˡ
һѾˡ
εҡҡͷ֮ǰҲû뵽Լô۸ӵľԼı
ȥһˣԼİ衣
ȻԼĸѪŨˮĸ޷֮ǣһһܹıġ
š
µһ΢µ̧Ĥڽ˻ʹʮʱԹƽͳϵľӣһԼòݲȵؾ˱߹صļ顣
ȻЩ˲ûзĲֱ֮ͬӰǸߡ
ѯС㣬Ӧȥģ
ֱȥǱ
ֱӽŴȥԼõĵط
ܷܷѾȺǶʱ
쳺ǻ֮ɱ˶ʼô򣬶Ҷΰ⣬ϣܹǵ
ΪѺֳҲУⱾ޿κε飬Ҳû˶й֣ǣܷܷͥ˺ܶӰġ
Ϊ˱ɱԼݣҲһ飬Ǿİңڻʶ֮и浽ĵطᵽǽĳǱشһ䲻ģʵó͢ĸɷɡ
ܷܷЩĶҪҪԼӵһƬĵش
֮ǰȻö֪ͳһľǶüһαĻᡣ
òԼĵص㣬黹ûз֣ȴܷܷǣһСſεΣȻͺǿɰ
ֻȴܹõЦϡ
̶˼ĸ̾һҡҡ֡
ܷܷҲ֪ǰһִƤ߹кҲԵ⣬ҡҡ֡
̣ڰιˣ֪֪ʱҵȵжࡣ
ܷܷҪ֪ʮʱ䣬ǵǡ
ĸҪǣС棬ǵĺ£ᣬúòһݼ
أ
һûп򺮡
ڵ⣬û˻Źģε̾һܷܷ
ܷܷ⸱ģ̧ͷЩã֪롣
Ƿʲôˣô⸱ģô𣿡
ûк˵Щʲô
̵ͷ˾һĸں棿⸱ģȷҲЩ֡
˭ôһ£
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ЦЦһЩɰСûж˵Щʲô飬ǣܷܷϵЦݲܹƭˡ
֪ںҸͺˣһΪΪҵ쳺ǰٰ֡
˵ʲôҪ֪Ǹ㡣㣬˯ůġ綼һֱܵģǷļţǱ̫ģһȻĸԣ޲ֱӵȥˡ
һԵĽԼκ뷨˵˳һģҲϣǵһ̣˷ܵᶼֹס˳
̲ûҸǣ뿪顣
һ㾿Ϊʲô飬ֻΪʥּĻȥͺˣĲȫֺαˣ
Լɻ¶˳֮оǲ⡣
ǽȥ˵
ͷһθܵñطǶôʣĲЩƮƮȻˡ
ǸˣҺλֵүүҵĻո߳ҪĻҿҲܹôƽĻص
תܡ
Ҳû¶ı顣ܷܷ΢΢ЦЦһ˿ظǵ
ܷܷú˼Ȼһֱĸ̵ĺ棬ǣоǲûʲô
Ĭ̾һ
ܷܷҲܹµʱ䣬ļס֣һСһ֡
ǽȥɡһ˺ܶóԵĶŽһϲϽĿζ
ܷܷһ˵һ߻ϲҫš
ͻȻܵ˷ʣûƭ˵ģҶ֪з˱仯
ʱⲢȻôҳϵģԶԶں档
Ȼ֪ʱ
ϰϰĴɢƢķһڿʼ


601 νĴ

ʱĸң޷µħѵˡ
̤뷿ݵһɲǣı̾סˣδܷܷûһ죬ܹȫϯˣЩɢڡ
ɫζȫ˵ľһ
ѽѽѧȻףĵЦƭˡ
ůһЦȡˣ
ޣȡһСůů
ܷܷůů˻ůůҸЦЦ
֡
Ƿأܷܷе񾭴ĲԾѯһ絽ȥˣѵǵ飬԰ʱķ˱ĵط
¶һ롣
̵һȵţֳ̣ŵ̾һԲʱ˵װףܾòô˼
ԭ
ʵҲûʲô顣̾ƽ˵˵ĻԼúЦôܲʲô飬ʧȥ˿Ķӡ
·ϱ˽ˣֳƬ飬Ҵܹµ˭顣
ܷܷסԼ֣ҧ
ôܻ
쳺
̲Ը̫ϵĲԼҪܺ׵һʵ侲
ҵƬƬǻʼҵĻƣǰ·һҲܿһ뵽ͷ۵Լ̫ѨȻʼԼ㲻ףǴõ˷֪һӵϢǴҲܹµںЩʲô
ܷܷ֮У˸źĹ
˺ˣЩҸˣ͸һ˵ɡ
ȻţʵҲذըں档
Ҫ֪ԼʵݣãĶԴأ
ɵĽ
ûȥһ˿ĸ׺͸ף
ܷܷת˸⣬ϣܹܰһ淢չٶȴʹ
һ˵һһԵǴŹǣЦͬɻһš
ǴŹǰɣ֪ҪˣҾһֱںϰҲ֪˶ٿŹǣһ΢ܳԵġ
ģ̾һ
εҧһڣ˵ŹζǴζζǡô
ʲôק˫ӣºɣһٷϢ컹Ҫȥʥּ
㹻Լ뷨ûκε˼ֱӵĵ˵ͷͬˡ
̾ܺãͬԼĿԼʲôҪ
ܷܷҲûʲô
ÿҪЦ˵һЩҳȵԵĲˣ򺮲١
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ͷ۵˺˸磬ڶСˣҲҪ
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쳺
ѹȻֵز
ʳأĳݣȻҶһС֣
Խ˵ԽԼ߷߲һ̣ЩʲôҶȥġȥɱ쳺
̸ܵޱŭ
粻Ҫ嶯ڻûȷ֤ݣ׼ȴʥּ֣ȽԭսҲ֪սʲôʱȥĻһܾ˵Ľ֡
ͨ
Ի֧űȥǣһ˵ĻҲɥʧԼı߾
Ϊӵšܷܷ̾һ
ǻûзȨˣǲϣΪ¸Ŀѷ
ȷӦôӳ飬Ҳ侲һ㡣
򺮱˵΢侲һ㣬ʼûж˵ҧгݣȲ̸ʧٸĳʵ̫ˣΨһֻһƬ
ͬģҲע⵽£ֻʾʲô֮󣬱㲻һ
ڿ򵥵ĽʽҵʥּǷϵʵ̫ߡ
ͻȻס򺮵䡣
ҴܹµȻʾŵĸطˣֻҪæ
Ҫһ֤ܹ֤ͨԼȥ
ЩãȻĿΪ°͡
˵ҪЩʲô
þ˲ʡġ
ЦģԽǻģȴԽ鲻ô򵥡


602 ·

ﻹһ仰˵ĺһжӦôӳ顣
ĬĬ²һȻְ˴˳ȥ
ԭʵڲܷܷ̫ڵԼĻȲ̸һ̸Լйز֣֪Լʵݣ᲻ʹѹأ
ܷܷ̫ˣһпܻᱻãЩҲǣˡ
򺮱һģˣûô򵥣ѯʣʲô飿ǲִʲô
˵ÿһ鶼ܹдĻ
ЩܸԼ˶ţʵȷˡ
̾ǺúõİЩ˵
磬㲻Ҫˣòš
üͷ֧֧ģǰ˵˸Ȼ
򺮼ԼźǻĺãȻԼãĲʧҲǴ̼
ôܣ
ʵȷˡүүҲ˵ࡣ
򺮽еҪá
Ļ׼ôͶһɻĿ⣬׼𣿡
̫ˣӽҪѹ˴ˣı󲻽оӣиǰˡ
Ӧô룿
̲֪ںĸһ¡
ȻĲ֪Ҳͬһ˵ҴҲܹµʲôǶԵġԲǸ𣬸ζŸսһεսѾһȥԭսࡣ
еȫĳΪսƷѪɺӣνı̫ˡ
ĳʷչıȻɣ˽һ㣬֮ϸ侲
ûһսжôɭͿ̿ûö޹İգʧȥԼļ԰ΪҵĲ̣Ҳϣ
һһĲԼ뷨ᶨơ
򺮻˻񣬴ûԼãĳζԸͬһսߡ
ȻĵĻҿ϶Ҳ֧ģ
̾һ
ƺȻЩᣬŽҶϡ
ϣ㲻ҪڣҲҪģ㶼ǵãҵŮ
ѪԵϵѾʧˡ
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ظЦڵԺ
иһ仰ҲķˣôҶ
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Ĭ˼粢磬ű˴ˡֻһ£ǧɽۣ֮ļرصĵط
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Сһ㡣
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ģҵĸһԴ󣬶֧ԮľԱĺͻȻģأܹܲµ⡣
ѩº͵ЦЦ
ܹЦ֮Եɱ⣬ûκεĻɡ
Ĭεĺһ𣿡
벻֪ҺĽףǣҾ⽻׻ܹõʱ䡣
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Ӧ˵
ǰĳڽɱˮ·ǽˮ棬ܲͶȥ
ֻڵ⽣Ӱ֮Ѹٵչ˵žǰ棬žҲǰķ򣬲ҪκεԥֻҪһ£ƺƵļʮֱܹﳤµǰ
ļ᪾һΪʲôѹΪĵ᫣һϵֻͨҪεץס˹ؿڣú϶¾ʯй
ŻֵܹסҵĹơ
ҧгݣһսӮ
׼õĹߣһӡֱӵʵǡ
ʯǰ£̽ͷһӣѾǽߣʵǡ


603 ʤ

ǺƺƵĴӸ¿ȴһ㡣
ļ᪴ûһ󣬶˵ҪʿǸϽ
ڣ֮ǰû뵽ġ
Ĭѩ·Ҳڵȵһᡣ
ھǿ˭ȻңȻлᡣ
ץסᣬס˿ţĶûκεֹЪ
ֵǣϰ
˺ѷԣĻᡣ
̵ڲĳ̶ֳҲʧȥԹݲȵľʯ
ֻСһѣ赭дҵĹߣסʵǡ
⶯ĺ֮ǰھӪʱǾһۣιһɽ¡
˵Ҳѡ
ϾǾұ֮ءļȵĹ˵ģϷıݣ档
ƺСǡ
ѩնۣڷİ֮õȿһСŶӶƣѸٵռϷ
Żҩը
֮ǰһŵĳΣȻ󣬵ʤСЯҲǻᣬʱЩСըͱڻ
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ҧǰľûκεĻζΪһս֮Уͣһ
ҡ
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ҳӣȻϻĻǱÿģΪҲȥ
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ͬԴУ˵ȥ
⽣Ӱһ
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ļû뵽ĶôѸ٣һжˣ˻֡
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֪ԼȲһŵĽڡ
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óһٵƣٵʿʵǶϣѸٵǰš
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ʿΧסڴȥǼ׵ռԭ
Ĭɽۺɫ˸Ź󣬱֪ǳɹˣ˻֣ʣµĲһӵϡ
ļ᪵ʿѾΪǵ°ܽûκεüֵˡ
ѩǵĺ棬ȴվ۷ߵ˵
Ŀ⣬飬ȴǰ㣬ѩûô򵥣ݱ˶Ҫƽκε⡣
˱ڡ
ѩ̫䵭ˣ䵭˶òԾʿֵġҲûⷽ룬˶ս˳ϲ֮С
ԼϵѪˮһһ˹
Ծĸо
㿴̫ġ
ûʲôֵĵġѩտһĿļ᪣ӣȥȻҵĸ磬๼ⱾӦܵĴۣҲҪΪЩʲô
޺Ķ۾·˵ѵ˵Щʲô


604 ð

ԭݵ飬ܿĶ˾һƬȻ
Ҷû뵽ܹɱһѪ·ϾҶһ㣬жǱ뿪
ľӺͱ쳺ڵǵص㡣
û뵽Էܹôʱ͹ԭһͷӦϡ
أ
쳺֮лĳĬ̳Ϊеһħ
ڣòԼҪ
ȻϣûκεİȫС
ڴʱ鷿ű˴ˡ
޿̧쳺ԴǻԼ˻ʺλӣλӣȴûиκεá
Įˮྴ㲻ãǻʺζϵ˵š
ȴÿģЩʧ䡣
ܹԼ֮϶ıʹͳȻԻ䲻⣬ƾȥ
쳺ƺڸԼԶһ㣬ֻǼȡѡ
޿ﻹһСӣǺǷ硣
ӣгһգ쳺ͻȻĸûϵ㻳ϺҲû⡣
ӣǵĻӡ
޿Ե⾿ζʲô⺢ӿɰСɵģɵ˵ǡ
硣
⺢ΪҪ֣Ҳú뷨
쳺ΪףѡһλŮӣΪף׿ƣҸ¹󣬼Ϊüм̡
ԭ޿һλ
ȻԴһ֪ӱȥԳԼٻҲ
ôˣ
쳺û뵽鷿
޿źӣ֧֧᣺죬ҵˣϣܹ׼ҳһס
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쳺ûʲôͷӦˡ
޿ͷųԼЦȻķ磬¶һȰ΢ЦʵܷúӺһͬȥ
ж˵ӵϵںûˣǧ谮һ˻ĸӹ󣬿ʺλҪȵġ
ϡ
쳺Ŵ˻ȴޱߵķŭ
ɡ
á
޿ܰĵ˵ͷ֪뷨ĺĬıźӾ뿪ˡ
һߣ껹ڳٳٵŵ㣬Щı롣
˼ȥ뵽һطǼȻʾĵط
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Ŵ˻ͷۣǲǷˣ㵨ôܹôȥ԰ûԼȥ˾Ͷ
һжƲ⣬˸Ӳܹͬ⡣
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˼˼ģȻʸҵʾ˵ԼȰܣҼټҵʱ԰Աߡ
ϸʾԴ˱гģŶԷǳǳĹ
ͷޱȡ
Ҫҵȷܹαٰ֤繬ŮǱȥûҪǱ˻ô죿
̱ʵĲ֪Ǻá
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ᡣ
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ø磬һΰɣʲôʱʧ˵Բԣ
Ĳо͵Ӳģӣһһ˵֣ء
Ƿĸףұ취Ҳǲ쳺͵͵İҵĺӸˣλʹҵȥһˡ
֪Ĺִʣᶨ˵ֻ֣ܹƾľٶ
죬㣬ȥ԰ңҲĻϽ
ͷۡ뵽һ˵һ˵Լֻܸˡ
칬Ůܹˣ۷ʲôһûȻĻڹסһ£Ҳġ
ĵ˵ͷ
ģڻƤߡ쳺һܹء
ҲǴ⣬һҪڻʹҳȻҲ֮ǰ־ҲҵԼص
ݡ
򺮽ס֡
ӦζҪúõġ
һĨݵЦݡ
ҵĺøͱˣս¾Ҫˡ쳺ͷԭ黹أµĹһСŮҲעģ⡣
˵˻üͷԶϽǣѹѹƯϽǵ棬ݼţѹǳݡ
صǰ
һҵĺ㾿
˵֪ȴҪһ̽


605 ؼ

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Ȼ˵ҲֻںһΣҲ鷳һСĵĵһλȻ󱻷ô죿
ҲǹİԼݻƽƽģ˹Ůۺɫװ֮Ҳʲôƽʧڵƺ֮䡣
ַ䵽԰Ҳ´˼
԰ټļɽ˼ȥڼɽĿԺܴ
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ŵһ½ʱ뿪
Ҳ˵һԵԶԶЩԾΪѵˣ𼱻ǵĸ˹


606 

ҶƮţƽ޲
޿յıŷ磬ѵõ¶һĨϲЦգҲΪⷬԵʣѡ
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ˣַˡ̶ŽûжãϻҪء
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޿λ֪
ܹߵʺλӣûֳ⸱޺Ҳ֪Щɻ
һŶܹڴߵģһ롣


607 ϲ

ǿԼĺӡ
ůʵĵƹӳ֮£оԼͨͨš
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۵ʵ֪ʺܷū澣ū澻һҽ

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ڴϣȷ֮ǰ࣬ҲΪʹĥ
ԽԽۣĸȷڵ֢״ȻѨʱĦ
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608 ε

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ȰĿͶݸ̣εҡҡͷ֪һϵûС
ϸһεˣҲ֪ʲô顣
߶ʮһϴɡ


609 ɶ

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΢Ҳƽ֮ƮɢвҩϢ
ҽװ׵ĺǴæ˲ͷϵˮѾԵ쳺
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޿⸱Ͽҵģ˵ͷĿǰûиʲô£Ҳæֱˡ
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޿ԣüңҲ쳺һʣνǳǳ̾һ
ԹĻҵĹŮ֡
һ롣
̲ԽԽңŲɿƵķչš
ûʸ˵˵Ķ࣬Ķࡣ


610 ػ

Ȼı
쳺Ƶĺһʵ
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޵ĺûʺЩ㾿ôġ
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ףǳ׵ĻԼˣûа취ɵһ£ûôװǲ²Цһ
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һֱûиһش⸱ģ޿ԼЦ˼
ˣֻǺ㿪ЦҲص档
ɬޱȣҲ֪ⲻǼٵġ
ǻȥһˣ׵ҪʹĽˡ
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ƵĿⶢţһʱ֮侹벻ξܾǸŮĻ¾Ҫ˵ˡ
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611 Կ

겻֪ܹϴӶٵͷ̰
֪Լʱղˣڻɵܹҵ֤ݣǧټƵ֤Լ뷨ȷġ
쳺ĻɣһŶʱըʱпܱը˵κεľܾĻ
ʥֱּӵİ䲼ǰ
޿ЩɣΪ˵ЩЩ鵼Ǩŭ
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쳺ȥ֮ǰƣ룬ȻԵõϷ֮ϣǳǳ
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쳺ӹݽļȻֽдӡһӦȫû⣬ѵһֻ
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īˮӳšЩۣüͷڵͷ۵쳺ҲҶ˵һ仰
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̴ݲȵĻظū澵ĸװū˽ͷβū澶ûһ˵ֵȨܹܾĸ׵˼
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дʲôͨͨļڶԿڹұ֤ٷְһ¡
شĺ
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ûκεи֪սŸոտʼȫлѺӴߡ
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һɡƵ׼صδ빬ʱ䣬ʱҪȥι̡
ԼҲǶӶˣҲ֪ûԼһ뵽¶ĸĹԣȴû뵽ӭĽͣ
ԥбüͷӰĵĺһ
أվס
ָָԼȷټĽֵֻԼһˣҲ֪ԼôˣգգԺ档
ǳʲô𣿡
ԥ˿һ˵ʱ̵ŵģڻʺ˸죬ûϰٰȻܹĥī
һ뵱뷽跨ûнĵڱһСŮȵˣӲԸˡ
վס㻹Ըվסǲǣĵӣ
ֱ̼Էǹûµģ֮ǰֵ֪ͨҲ֪ԥǸˡ
óʣƾԼмɫӹŮһԾϳΪ˹ˣǶĹŮ֮顣
˴Բӣūֻһ鹬Ůѣôң
ڲͦҵʲô鶼
ԥ˷üһЦ˵ģЩ
Լмɫܹ˰ɣĻЩЦˡ
ĵ⣬͸ЩŤ˹
̲ٶ˵ЩʲôģŻȥأҲ˵Щʲôੲݣûûˡ
ԥһޱģǾЩըëһ
ԣԥ˽ǰǹʦֻʶȥū澶ǻʺˣһҪūģҲӦǴӺʦֲ˵Բԣ
ƮƮʣȴǺϺģǴ飬ԥһ˵ܹ顣
ΪʲôʾǼԼȲ޿ڳĸЩӲš


612 

˵Ů׼ʣ仰Ȼ١
˹ȥڷ׷ŵ¸ͣƺⲻҹɫﻹ˸ı롣
ԥ΢ɲĺһ
Ȼŵı̵Ļźú÷ʡһЩǲܹ˵
ҧгݡ
޿λߣⱾʵǱ˵ɾͲһˡ
֪ǹģҪĥԼνģ̧üͷЦһ
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һЦ
ԥȴԸ赭дĴʽ˻֣һԵĹŮ۹
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ڻҲһθܵã漴Ը˹ȥ
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ڼвѡ
ҲҲԸҩʲôԸ⡣
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ԥһԲʼŸ̽ѵúõĳһ
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쳺еǸôˣ˽ⲻˣǿʤã𣬵ڣһĸסԼϲ˱еĿ̰ӡȫѡһ·ߡ
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ΪƾεεĴԼϡ
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ӦôһжǻʺˣҲܹΪԽ档
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㵹һõİ֣ū澻㲻
̱˵֮Ҳûж˵һ仰
ң
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ҲֻһŮѣжıأЩǻ֮֮ȥģ
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ǵרŹչ˻ӵġ
Ҳʲôӡ޿ԥʲô
̲ٶ˵Щʲô
ūʥרӵġ
ǵĻκεء
˵㹻Įͼ䵭
ԥ˲ΪһԼļ
ûûշ
ĵﲻԸŹˡ
Ľͽۣϲ֣ܵԵŭ
Ϊ⣬ȴڴ˿ֵ̱ĺܺãǾıʹݳк㺡
֪ӦôЩ
ԥ˿㹻ģֱۣӵ뿪
޿վǰ·һ


613 

˵ʲôҪһػĻһλֻз硣
ԣǱڵġ
֮ǰޣһֱṳֹ̂ͣ빬ʱ򣬲¶һĨĵЦݣۡ
ϱꡣܵĸͨ͸һʱ㹻ⳡˮеõĴ𰸡
ð
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޿ʱֿ֧֧е˵ϵ˼һ壬Ҳ֪ϵʼղ̡ϲ˻ϣҲǧҪΪ桭
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һΪ⻰˵ٵʾȷʱʱв˶Գ˶ңʱܵĻ²һᱻ֣취Ϣ߸򺮡
Ҫ뿪
޿ס֣᲻Ծؿ˳ӿŷ·֮еıʹ
Ҫðң𣿡
Ļ֮жصͱ΢ˡ
֮ǰжô߸ϰڱвһĴͱ
һʵĻᣬζһ죬ҲܹܺãһӰɣӿȻϲˣĻֻҪ뿪ʹͿԶĺһˣԲԣ
̾Լ˼ƺȻ
ǻʺûһô죿в߻𣿡
ͬʾ׳һʣÿһ仰ʵǡô
޿ȴŵЦЦ
룬һεĻطԼĶӡ
㻹ʮʱ䣬ʮʱ㹻ȥӻˣӦϣⶼʲô¡
ֿ϶Ŀ⣬ûһҲҪ
޿ҪȥģðգʱҪһҩ
ҩ߰˰˵ģõĲˣð򺮸Ūһҩˡ
޿֪ô࣬ΪԷͬԼ뷨º͵ĹҳһĨЦ⡣
ȻĻҿĶˡ


614 

ɽء
īӭԶܹɽϷ羰á
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һ仰ص㣬ȻûпţҲ֪򺮷
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һϢŷṩ˴ľӪʣвӡ
ȻеĶԹϸ
ֻоЩ˲֪ʵݡ
⵹һ̵塣
ҹǵ⣬ЦЦ
۪۪ԡ
ûϵģֻ׼Ҫˣ·Сģǵȥһ̫ɽפǲͬ·ʱǾܹˡ
һȻ˵Լ뷨
15ʱ͵䣬̶ҪЯõʱʱҲǱ뵽ннͷ
۪۪ţɲ벻ܹµ̵뷨
ڰڳ滹ǵͷĻ
۪۪ҹ³ʱ̳ԣһȫµọ́ûҲ֪ôͬ
˵һУǾܹɴȥɣʵĿһ˼顣
ƾҹ̣ڵִ˾һзʱҹֻе
ԭǾ𣿡
۪۪Сѯһ̽
ҹµ˵ͷԼĵַѾˣ򺮱˵ֻʱЩҡ
ܿԶĵƻɺ
۪۪˳ҹȵվǰƣԶԶĵطϤɹһĨЦ
򺮳º͵ĵ˵ͷĺܷܷ
Ǻܾܾܷܷͷ¶ֳϵģϾпܸ⣬ǣܷܷ֪ϢϢ֮󳹵׵סˣ˵ʲôҪ
磬㲻֪жôҪ
ܷܷ˵һֱ׳ɣ޷ȴ
ܹ˳
ʱͷ۪۪ҹ¼ˡ
ҲŶܡ
ҹѡֻ۪۪֪Ĺ


615  ս

Ҫ˵Ů˵ĵطͻս仰ƭǳʵ
۪۪üͷ¹֮ԵøŮӣ¶һĨɻЦݣȻ֪ܷܷ
Щˬ
õѣֶһ
ܾﲻζ
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۪۪һ߹һĨЦ֮ȥ
á
νĽӷϴǺ󻰡
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Ƕ֪׼ʱȴԵɫ졣
ܷܷǵġ
۪۪Ҫ֮ǰ뿪ʱĻ˼ظ̾һ
ФȻܹµʱҪ顣
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»Ȼ˸ղ쳺ԣǳĿ⣬Ͳ
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޿һС쳺һģѵõݵߵԱߡ
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ô룿ôҪҪҪĹŮǴԥﵽûô򵥡
⻰һֳĳ
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ĻϣԺһʵֻѯԥˣǲ͹ʱҲҪȥʸʲôȻˣ
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쳺ɵľúüƺڻȥ
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㻹˵Щʲô
ͬеĿ⻰˵ĺͣ
޿ƵЦЦ֪ԼΪǷȷȴе㻬
ѵȷ𣿡
Ĭ롣


616   

ֱʱ̲Żվ²ѭԼ̵Ѿϥǣҿһ۷硣
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ǲ֪ڲŷжôˡ
쳺òݣü֮кһĨζ
̾ϲҲһ飬⻰ӻʺ˵ô˵ôû
֪޿Сϼ¡
ǲ֪ո԰澿ʲô顣
գգԼ۾ԼҲ̫£Ǳ˾Ȼ˵ˡûвĵ
Ǿʲôأ
˳Ļ⣬һ˲ѯʹȥ
޿¶һ˼ı飬ҧҧ˼Ƭ̣ųЦ㹻ᣬƺѰѰ٣ҵԼҪĴ𰸡
ںìܣҲҪ뿪֪Ұ
һ־ܹڵľͳĬ
û뵽ôϷ绯ĳ֮ǰ˻ԴǵĻﻹڶϣڿһЦ
ûõӦô죿
֪롣
޿ϣ쳺΢Цıǡôܹĸд
ԼӦȥమһЩ
̲Ҫ˵Ϊ⣬Ļһܹ֤
ѾҪڻʹĻҲδɣֻ˵ʺǧҪЩӦôȥ
㵽ֹҲԸΪѡ
޿ҧŴ˻䡣
ɡ
ʱ
ͷ۵鲻ڵıġ
ǸĹأÿλӻҪϹһƷ졣
޿֪ҪЩʲôʼաͬҲҪһȻҪ͵ģ˼Ƭ̣ҲûȻ
鲻Խر׸̡
Ҫ룿
˵ģ֪Ǻá
Ҳ֪ĲֿЩʲôʲôǿ͵ģҲ
޿⸱Ȩģν£Ļ˻֡
ū澶֪Ӧʲôܹǵ̨棬ֻҪչͣʲôãʺ˼
Ҳǰίľܾ˵ģܹίˡ
Ĭĵ˵ͷ޿˲ֿ
еĶСֿ棬ʽΣҲв֮Ķ
Ҫѡһʵ͸үҲ֪ѡʲôȽϺá
һԲ
˼룬Ǿһ񡣾Լ֮ǰһɽˮ㲻;ɽˮ͹ȥ
ûб¶ı顣
ƾ޿˼ѡѡһĻ֮󣬱㿴һ̡
ֻǲ֪Щʲô硣
Ϊ͵͹ݣ̫˵Ļ»˷飬ҪպһȣҲʲô׵顣
Ϳɡ
̳Ĭĸ𰸣΢Цһ
ѡҲ
޿ŷӤͯѡһ͸壬ʣµĹҪŮʼװġ


617 

Լ֮дɪϢƮɢţ·ڸǣѾ١
̰һ֮ǰ̫һٴŹŮרŵķɫȹһص·ǳɫϻźɻȹǱɫġ
רŵ·ԤʾѾΪδ빬ƵŮ١
ⲻǸѣӵ˵ڻʺݵλܸߡ
޿ȷ֮оѡһȥȥμ
Ա˵˵ϵˣȴûôҪΪ֪Ŀֻз硣
Ѿ·ˣֻߵĺǱŤСճȭӶš
޿Ҳǻϲ֣ǵţһ·Ȼߵĺܳܳû˻֣һܰΣԼĶܹƬ̡
ûѩȴѿѩķ׷ţϸŷԭ̻
̵ûδ빬ߵǵҪô·̣ǵϷվ쳺
һֵֵͬʱ򣬵Ҫ峿ڽǵǰɢ̻ʽʼκλʺҪžһȦ߹
ֻһ
硣
ԻʺҪСһѲһȦ
Ҳʱ䡣쳺ȻϣǱл뿪
޿߲飬һҪŷ뿪
ȥɫĬ쳺
ڳĬʲôҲ֪ǰѹߣžǰ¸˲ٵѹԴʱݷ˼ı仯
ѹ˲
̺һӦԼ飬߿
޿쳺˲ְ񻨣˲һ񻨣ѤõĴǵֱڿ
Ȼǰ𣬵˼ζ˵ƽ̻ףܹүĴҹ
ϵů⣬ɢδ֮ϣȵһپʮȫȼմ֮˽ǵ·
̲޿׼һȴ쳺סˡ
һ
ɫʱİеļƻڴ˿ȫҡ
ԼǱ
ҵĲ²⣬ûκεĴ𰸣Цģһ쳺һõԤٶȵĴ
֪Ӧô
ҡҡҡ
ģȫҳһš
Լ侲һۣԶ֡
ζҪٶȵ뿪쳺Ĳ
ϣ
ĪԵգգ۾ȴֺЦʣ̣˵˵㾿Ҫװáװ˶ѾˣģҾǰ˲㡣
˼ȥǾã̲дϵϢ˵ķʽı䣬ԽܹµӦûô
Ҫ
Ѿһˣ⻹ӵڶ𡣡
ū澲֪˵Щʲô
赭д˵ţ֪ɫԣԵԼĶ档
ҲҪʾˣѾµʵݣҲҪ̽
쳺絶һ㡣ݺݵĲڰٿĪ͵͵ЦЦ
˼ȥˣʲôطԾ֮ǰûйȥҩһֻһвҩζ
洹Լ֣Ȼ˵һɵ¡
һֱоҩȻԼʲô⣬ȴһžųˡ
Щ
쳺һЦˡ
Ҫҷûõģ㵹úõһ룬ıӣΪʲôᱻ޶
ôԼҲãıλûɵõλҪ֪֮ǰΪʲôңλʶʲô
ЦЩ죬Ȼʲô֪ҲеԼĲ²Ⲣûʲô
ȻĻ㵹úõһ롣ҿܰҵ֪Ϣ߸𣿡
۾ۿ˴ѡ
һҪ۸
쳺һѰ˻УЦЦȻ˺ƤߣϤ٣ҪסĲӣȴ촽ޡ
㲻Ҫһһε̽޶ĸ飬ܹ޸ԭʲôΪҪõʥּ
һ±ţ㴭ʶҪ⡣
Ȼǰʲôǡ
дһ޶˵ĺ壬ȴ¶ʴӵĻ
Ȼ˵ĻҲܹµ֪޿Ҫܵ顣Եø


618 ֻܺ

޾ѹڴʱ˿̱ŷ޶˵ĺ壬ѹڴߴ٣ӡһѵΡ
ûл᣿
̲ԼڱֳһģԼƻ᲻ŭ
ԼıƣֻҪڲ͸¶κйʥּļܹúúõģñ˭
Ļһַ˶֪ʥּ飬㲻ɱҡ
⻰ȻǼٵģҲš
ֹһʲôĻ
ģҰ۱ھѹڱ߹ء
ʲôҡ
ͷ­Ȩĸо̫ˡ
쳺ɿֲٶ˵ȴ˵
ȷҲӲȥ޵޿ʲô֪ҪҪЩʲôĻһҪŷġ
Ȱúÿǡ
޿Ҫ˵Ļ޻зһҪǾöԵĻôһȥɡ
͵͵Ĵͬһ㡣
һʱ֮ˣ쳺飬ֱӵİѾݳЦǿޡ
ۿһȦ̡
Ҳ飬ûж˵Щʲô
һǴġ
Թ޻ڵ뿪û뿪ԶԶ˹ȥ
޿źӣһӣЩԻսʵ
ղŻϸ˵ʲôˣ
̾⻰֮дѯԼ޶˵ŭʹζ
ãȻ޴룬ȴڳ·ǡôЧӦûж˵һֻ֣ҡʵڻ֮ǰʱܹ;棬ū澵ĳʲô˵ˣľϱͬ⣬ҹչˡ
˵ͷͷǵȻᷢʲô⡣
޿˼ĵ˵ͷϽ
⸱ģ
ȻöЩ⡣޿ڽʱأĬĬţȴûеóʲô϶Ĵ𰸡
˯֮ǰҩЧװģİȷûʲô֮󣬻ʵ
ʺѾ𣿡
к˯ķ硣
޿ҧŴܹͷβĻ֪֮ô
Ӧ뿪طصԼһģǡ
쳺ΪڻʹΨһľΪⷬԭԼӦ˼Уûж˵κε֡
Ҳ
֪Լѡ񾿾ǶǴ̹ϵ˵쳺֮ռټλá
üͷӦðѾ˹ȥ
ʾ⣬Ҫ
˼
ЦЦûж˵Ļ
Ȼǻʺ˼ĻɣҲʲô£ϾҲ׻ʺһΪʲô
˵ɺͰ֮бҪѡһڹŴŮѡ飬пԭ
Ĳ·硣
εЦЦ˯һʱ֮Ҳ֪ôȥ
Ӧߣף߲ܴŷ硣
ȷ˵Ҫ˵ĻҲ֪Ǻǻ϶ϲܹŷ硣Ȼһðգϵ̫󡣡
״һ
粻뿪ͻϣ
֮ǰļƻξһȦ·ϣ;ҪϢġ
򺮺ҹ»ϢĵطǽӦ
̱ǰ˵ݰ¶Ӳ
⣬Ҳһ΢ô
ƺ⡣
쳺˴һֲгùϵ֮ϡ
类쳺
һġ
һǿԼ侲ｼ⣬ʪˣ罥ĻһƬ
ȵܹѾ׼õĹԱʹǣǻȸԾǣϸĴһȻĳʽȻͬӰ
ҹº򺮣̫ԣһ㿴ˡ
̳ʾ˸Ȼŷ磬Ƚ˷䡣
򺮿ǿԼҵķ磬һ
ߡ
æԸҹҲ׼ץסֱߣѾԶ׼ˡ
ҧҧܹܵ޼ලϢ
쳺¾ĺ棬ȻѾ֪ԼʵݣҷԼĻ϶ζкС
ڲܱ¶Խƽ򺮣ĸһͣʾϽ뿪
Ϣûдݹȥһеļƻ
ϵ̫ߣҴŷͻͬΪа֣ôûд¡
Ƿ羲Ĵ仨ˮԹԵƮߡһ


619 

һģǡ
򺮺ܿˣĵܹۿɼٶȷ֣ǽҲżӰԵǼල̵ʿ
ʳʲôĻʮһͬš
ܹ̾㣬Ҳܹ֤Լܹȫˣڻŷ硣
ֻܹ뿪ٶ˵
̷ŷԼϵһ֪㣬ֻҪ¶һĻѳ뿪Ժӡ
ԸⷴʡԸκεٳһĿѡ
̱תһȦֻصԼķ档
ݵϢȻҪ·߹滮µĻصصǾµ
޿ͷһɲǣʵһжֵ𣿡
ͨͨβûлɣ⿴ƲȻ˵᲻һ֡
̲Ŀ⣬Լ˽ģ˽ĵĺԡ
Ҳ֪
󣬽Ĵʡ
ʱѾʼ˴꣬ⲻʲôõԤףŵУһжĿʼ
쳺һۣ߹ζ
̻յĺ棬ܲκεá
Ǳ뿪ģҡ޿֪ʵݡôأ
ȸ
쳺֪ˣ޿ʲôʱ֪Ҳʱ⡣
ʲôһֱ˼ҿ⸱ģǻӣ
޿˻֣⸱ģ鲻ԽЩǡ
ûﲻǷʲô飬һֱ겻ġ
һĹ޴룬ƽ˹˲գ˸ɡ
ֻëѣʺﲻõġ
š
ĵҲ˼ɾصʹͰ߸
ӦóΪ¼תۡ
µĽ棬ֻ
ʥּѾˡ
̹һĨЦ⣬ȴͬЦ쳺ⲽ˹
޿һѣ³һЦĻȱ
ʲô
쳺ⲻ֪ʸ˭ġ̵ͷûлشһֲõԤС
޿󣺡ϡ
˲
ţΪҪԶ߸߷ɣ׼ôˣ᲻⹬ٻǱ˵
쳺Įޱȵѯţһ˦޿һŰСϣʱ
ʹ
޿Լવ̡
ҲɵҲԼ϶Ǳͨ籨űˡ
쳺ȴʱ˵ĹŮм׼Ҳ֪㾿ҪЩʲô
̿⸱ģҡҡͷ
޿˵ıʴӡ
쳺ȻǸˣ֪ʱģͳ渵ȴܵ޿ıġ
ɲҪʱ˵ʲôζû뵽㣬Ȼᱳѱ
ҡҡ֡
쳺ԼĿѾﵽ䣬ûվȽŸĵطס̵֡
ҪƿǱˡ
Ƥһεı
̣һ㲻ǰɡ
ͳ֮УѵõĴĿ֡
޿ĵˣԥ˼ȻĲмǺδ˵һ޵鶯гСɾµıƺүһģһš
ǹԵøԲԲһЩ
һвΪϣҵļΪһ
֮ǰΪǻعգΪԼĵȴڵõ˴𰸣Ϊһ壬ڿһжЦ
ˣ־ԼͷβĺЦ
޿ģͶݶ
æҡҡͷ
鲻ӵġ
ʱ֮£ŷ˵پơ
쳺ԭֻΪһʺ֮ɡ
û뵽ãȻ޴룬⸱̫ǿ쳺Լжϲĸʲôʱ´˵ӵģ
޿滨Ŀšױ̨˸ŹļƴҪס
һ²ԼҲ⡣
Ƕ¡
̵ϵס֣Ȼ֣ľѪҺڶ
޿ȵĴһ
쳺ŵʯ֮䣬ŮӷĶŭգΡܹ޿˺İˡ
һ˦ϡ
쳺뿪Ѫδδһ·δ빬ſһֱš
ҽ
쳺еĺü֮о͵Ĺ
ҧŴҲ֪ôѡ񰴱Щʲô


620 ºο

Դ
Դ쳺ǻͰ˸֣ԵĻһҡ
Ҳ֪ⷬζν¡
̸ܲʹ̫ҽҽƵĶܺáСiһЩǡ
˰ˣһľ֮һ겻񣬿׼
СiЩֻ
ü򵥣ûд̴ƤҲΪһС¶ݣҲһ¡
һֽۣĿ⾶ֱһԲ˼쳺ϡ
̫ҽһ߶߶˵˺ܶ࣬һֶûֻǽĬĿһֱϡ
ֱ̫ҽ뿪Ժһ⡣
֪֪ЩðŶôķգ
赭дЦЦѾ˵ӣ¶˳Цݡ
һв»𣿷ӲߣҪʥּ飬ôҲԸ
ܹ֮пԶ׼䣬ͬʻһſ
쳺Լ鶯
ǲǶԣҵüֵֻл֮֮ȥ
ѯš
ҡҡͷһһ䣬еⶼؾˡ
㻹ûиʲôûù㣬ҪĻܲܲҪôġ
鴤Ŵǡ¶һĨЦ
쳺Ļţ֪Ǻá
̫ҽ֮ǰȻ˿ڲҪòָܹá
ȻԼĲˬûԵı¶ʣһĻô
ʼնûиһ㡣赭дüͷѣԶġ޿Ҳ޹ģαˣ
ܻ
쳺ҡҡͷѾռˮ־ĸ˿ϴ
ʲôûйϵܹһоͺˡ
һ仰˵͡
̵ɴ˫
ЩĶԸ̫ĽӴֻǵİĿɨ˹ȥ
Ҿͦû˼ġ
˵ôԵķϡ
㲻Ǿʥּ;ʱ̸㻹̫ˡ
쳺֮ûκεãض̣̻رĶץס֣ĲԼ˿ڣȻѸҩͿԼ˿ϡ
Ȼ˭Ҳ˵˭˭Ҳܰ˭֮죬ûǸָһ·㻹ȥһĻʺ󡣡
쳺ȴ̬һ䣺ǳԴˣ
Ǻǡ
ķһۣȻűӾ˯
쳺ôεĶȷ֪Ǻá
ѾǶˡ޿ΪԼ䵽ʹ࣬ڿһвˣǱ޾ҹɫĥˡ
̾Ȼݡ
һ뵽ͭҲڶԼ¶һĨŨŨĳЦһĨϤӰؽ٣ɫ·ۡ
ڰ
֮лشһ
޿ڲͬգ֮µǱ֮ͬ̾һ
쳺һģŻ¶Ѫɫļ֪ԼӦô
ȷ֮ǰ˵Ҫס󹬣ٲ޿̫Ķ
ȻĻܻᵽ޷صľأĿˣÿһֶĿڡ
ϳѵΪνĻʼ𣿡
׵
׹ȥĺɽˣֻٵԣʵڵ̣Ƶڳ
檶ˣһֻǻԼ뷨ѣֺαذأ
üͷѯһ
쳺ҡҡ֡
Ҳ֪֮Ӱ졣
⣬ˡ
ҺףҪǰ˵ĺͱʹ
ôŰŽҶӣ
޿ʶסˣǻѪҺļ
˵ЩȰԼȰңһ𣿡
ʲô࣬ЩΪ֮ʵģ
ʵ֤һС
ղŻϵĶѾ֤ˣһֺαȡء
ƽİʵڷ˵ǰóһʵĴ𰸣⡣
쳺ЦЦ룬Ϊɸ⡣
ȻѾֵز
һһ˵ĺԸԼøǱȻڵԼѾֱܹˡ
õĻʺˣһЩȴ֮С
֪ĻҲҾͲᣬ̤ʹ֮ǰ뿪Ǻ¡
ΪĳνĴȱĻڻôҵĴ
ﷴţֶһ
쳺ȻźܶĪ£һͨ͸


621 

ҹɫųɫһͬѪ̫죬ѸٵĽ£ķ
򺮻û뵽ôѰ
ָµϢ
Ȼţˣ֪δ빬棬ʲôìܡ
ִǵϢҲޣ˵Щ»쳺Լ޿йء
Ѳ˵ġ
̾һѸڱĿ֮ˮ
ҹͬͷۣüͷ
۪۪ܷܷԵ˺ȥ˯ʱûзĶߡ
סһʱסһļƻôı仯䵭˵˿ѾģǲǺĻǲô׵ˡ
ǵ纣
ҹѵεĹһĨЦ
쳺еҪ죬˲Ծ̺ͷ綼ǵĻ硭
ӣͬ뷨ˣڶܹ֤뷨ܹǡôĽһУЩȷԡ
ӣֱ
̫ߡ
Ͼ֮ǰ̵ʱ򡣶û뵽սôãֻΪһ⣬ڿս֪Ҫʲôʱ
ܹ̾ŵã
Ӧ÷ģʥּ飬쳺Բģ˵ʮġ
ֻܹʱķһ
ҹ½Ӳĵ˵ͷ
֤ڰȫԶԶģΪҪҪϽĴ顣
ô죿
ⲻǾӦôܹ飬ҪһӦôʹȽϿһ㡣
ײĲᡣ
쳺ǸôԸˣԲŻᷢ˵ۣȻѾĵ˱߾֪һһҪʱ䡣
ļҲֻ
쳺ֵܹزҪʱǡ
Ͳ£
ҡҡͷǸʲôԸʵ̫ײˣ鲻˵һһܹС
λǼ޲ݵԿס
յĹʼջŻҹɫ
˸վȴԼ߶˼λŮ
Ϊϻ۵һЦ˵Ҫһʲô·
ãȻ޴գգ˫ۣû׶ԷʲôӣѾ³쳺

ЦЦЦС쳺͵˵㻹Ǻܿҡ
㲻Ļʹô
⿴ƹصĹλãȻ˵ƽ档
Ǻǡ̲ûбǼȻúνĻҾҪʺλãһ֮֮£ܹ𣿡
žҪŭ쳺
쳺ޱĳ˵ͷƺ뷨
ȻҲûôɵҪʺλõĻǾ˵֮ǰЩ޿
ԡܹԸԳ
ԣڼƽ˵˵ôңҲһ㣬׻λԾζʲôԽ᲻ûϵλãԽɵԲԣ
ʵԷĸԡ
쳺Įĵ˵ͷͷβû뷨֮Сѵ¶ĻңЩЦ
ûеô޲Ϊһ飬ҪͶˡ
侲˵
ҧгݡ
ԥ˶Ҳչˡжд̣֪ҷ˹Ļ»Ҫ鷳һҾɢʹ֮ˣ˵ô죿
ͳ׳һʣѵõĴżõϢ
̾뿴ҪôЩ顣
ֶһ߹ɵĹŮʵʲô֣
Ůսս쳺⸱ģ˵㾿ʲô֣
ū¡
¾ԼӺ˶ͬ
̱ż֮֮뷨һĨЦ⡣
԰ҡҡλεǧѵůĶů⡣
һԸǧһԵԥ
ⲻðɡ
ʲôòõģЦһҿľͺˣô룬ǵ顣
˵Ӧ
˼ĵͷ԰ֻһˣûʲô⡣
ֻҪչ˺þˣ㲻öܡ
ĮطԸһȻİ˴˹Ļץסᣬﾡá
ԲҪȥᡣ̵ǧ˳ĸŷɶůůغһֻðչ˺ˣһϸĹŮ㶼Ҫȥ
ĺµȻҲ֪¾ô飿
̳̫ͻȻܱ֤ĿʾԺԥ֪֪Լ


622 

δɢĹ뻨԰ȴѵõĸֳ˻ߵľ󣬶쵽ˣֻмջǵĹ⻷
̿һǧʵģڻʹεȦ
쳺ȻôҲ㹻Ȩ鷳
ӣҪȥ
»ҵ˵û뵽Ⱳӻôս顣
̼Ѱ·
Ȼȥݷһá
Դֺ
ǻƹ˻ʺûƷǮǾζ㹻ʱȥƱˣһܹ·硣
˼а
һȥĵطԥ˵޹
¶ʱˣû뵽Լܹ֯ô
ȥȥһ޺Цݣôˣѵ𣿡
òöԷǹˣҾӦ˰ɡ£ҪŪҶǹȻݽΪ⣬Ҳǹ
Ҫٶظ
̶ʼ֮ǰЩѾһһ飬ٲģʲô
ĻҲһٶظˣһ㣬ǾǸ߾ܹĺģҵľٶ
Ҫ׵İĥԼߵˡ˵쳺Լߣߵġ
ҪŪĶЩ
̲ɵ쳺һˣɵˡ
ѣֵʲô⣬ܹӲͷƤȥ̲סĶһ
ӣ֪ԥڹɲ۸ĶһĺӣҪ˼С
ҵȻ֪Ǹôˡ̴Լ֮ǰܵ裬ǼΪ֮˺ʵݣȻҪȥܹ˳ˮۣԸôͱʲôϵء
Է
ԥ˰ڴ棬һԲѹͳ
쳺Ѿöû޹ϵˣԾĪĳ裬һһ飬Īã޴룬ֲ֪ĺ꾫ͻȻƾս䡣
ΪνĻʹ
˵ڹ˯ģ쳺ͬ
ǻʺеȨ
ԥ˻˴ǾǸôˣû뵽˵ܲٲܲپ͵
ʱĳعһĨ΢ЦԥˣԥͬĲš
ҲǷ޿֮֮һ޵ƺҪԨ֮С
ʹݵ
Ҳ֪˼ѧϰͷ۵˽ݡ
ЦЦ
ԥ˰ɡ
ɻǳǳ˹ȥӿԥˡ
ԥ˱񿴵ķҵġ
ǻʹ
ԥĥƬ̲׼ڹΪνΪ顣
ҵȻǡ赭дһߣԴбһ˼ظ̾ţҲ˶ѡԥ޹΢е㺮ᡣ
ԼǹĻϽͣҰڳһӣǶԥ˵ġ
쳺ܹĶ١󹬵ˡ
˵ʲô
˵ʲô˵ʲô˵𣿡Цظһ飬ʵݿɱҵ˲٣ʲôֱ
ÿһ仰ʵǡô
һ仰еĺ·
ԥƵҧҧԸ˵
ǣ
ԥҲסΪζԼ˴ĵ⡣
ѵԼôЩ󣬲ǻһ仰˵ĺֻ㹻ˡŻ˵ķ顣
̿⸱嵭͵ģν˴ǡ
һô
ǰһȻ
ԥ˹˶£ҪҪʲôĻ籾ϸĻһǰʱ㾿𷣵һλŮ
ϡϻĴ
ʱʴӡ
ĺ˼ôܻôܻô
ҪǶʲôĻ˵ˡ
ЦĽ¶˽ݡ
ԥ˸оԼԴʱҪըû뵽̻֮ǰһŮ˵òȫһ
ԸһжǼٵģǡ
Ǻڰ׷סļļᣬ֮һζ
ԥ˰ЩҪ˵ĻҲúõĻһ˵֮֮һ
ЦЦ
ԥ˾;ЦݱһжҪĮš
Բġ


623 ƵĶȹ

ķĴš
ԥžʲô
֣ղŵĶԻ֪һĪµģһߵĿɿڴһж¼
߰ɡ
Ǹ̼ĵһĿĴﵽˣν뿪ˣֻ뽨塣
ԥԽö£ԽԽԽ£ԽԼ»
Դ˺ġ
ĺ棬뿪ʱʵӣѵ֮ǰʲôȻĻôӣȥ
һɻģȴĪĳҡҡͷ
һ֪ˡ
Ըصʱܹ쳺ԼģվĻһ䵭޿
֪ôһ졣쳺Ұڲزסģôлץס޿
޿ʲô뷨ʱɫȰѩҪϼ֡
һΪҿˣڿûпǲһ֮ѡ
޿¶Լ˵ɫ䵭ޱȣǲԴʲô뷨
νʶԼļô붼飬ô˵Ҳ¡
ֻ˵ЩĻҾ㻹˼аɡ
˼ȥǰһ仰͸޿
Ӧôġ
Ͷȥһ嵭޿ܹ࣬Ҫپ֮УҪΪƷ
޿񣬿֮еĲͬѰȴ޷侲
쳺ͰתھӦô£Ǹ֪ƭˣһеס
ֻϹ˺֮εⶼɵġ
ϣܹƽദ
ĳһҪƢģ
Ǿ뿴ʺ﾿ܲܿˣĻһ̸
޿ƵЦЦҧгݡ
ģΪ֮ȻҪΪϷǣС¶õĻûϷġ
ᡣ
ǵ뷨ͬ
쳺Ҳɵɵ˾ʹ˺ͺá
ǵⶼΪ쳺쳺ȴѵõĴżɫ˵ĵѸ¡
üͷһ塣
Ҳ֪ϢȥˣԼûʱȥ˷ѡ
֪ˣǺ֮һѹ
Լѽ֪ûкʵĽһ⡣
ڵգۡ
쳺ЦĿνһ㣬֪õĴ𰸡
Լ֮һ뷨˼ǵĽ
ʲôԸ̫˽ˣ߰ݲıѡ
ֻҪץסܹ䣬Ȼ߹صսʿ漱ǡ
ԸʧȥɽҲԸʧȥ̡
ȻûʲôֵܹĻô˿̻ᡣ
޿ҧݣҲ֪Ӧö˵Щʲôһжܹٿص˵ġ
Ȼкܶ಻ˬһĻʺ
˭ҲǴǴ֮жУЦЦ
ϺòҵԼϲˣԴ˸Ҳһ¡
ȻЩԹ𣬵Ҳܹ£쳺˵һУΪ˦һ磬ĳ֤

˿ɬЦݣԴ˲ס
̿ŻѾ˳̶ȣȴѯʵ֪ܹܾܲ
ðñ磬ҲҪ˼ԼԼɵ쳺
Ҫ֤Լÿһ·߶ԣֹþЩƣ
ʵ̫ˣûκξܾء
εһǳüͷţûκεԭҲûκε
֪ڿңʲôأ
Ҫһҫĺݽɫڴκ˶
޿Ȼ̧ҲĲͬûж˵һ仰·Ĭ˽ģȻЩʣ쳺 ûб¶κεľܾ
޿ĬӦʡ
һϢܿش˴ϱ쳺Ŀ˳ˮۣĿľΪ̳׵ġ
֪Ϣôһоƿ֮С
ͬʱҲžӿʼ˵ǲǻӪҪ˺·
쳺Ȼǻˡīû뵽ԷĶ˵Ĺϣ֮ǰȻͬ
ȻԲٵ
뵱ȻܹŵҶԷİЩϢԼĶߣнܲ˵ԭ
ɵЩЦ
쳺ѰѰ٣תתѹΪһ㡣
ʵ̫Сˡ
ǣͬʱҲʾ;ѣܹһĳ˸ʲô֪Ӧôȥ͡
īҲŵģҲ֪ӦôΪá


624 Ǻã

˵һҪһʽĻ
Ψһİ취ñȡ
ڻʹ棬ͬʱ벻ʲôˡ
Ըġ
īһһ˵ĺѾԼȵֵز
ͬļһĨЦݡ
û뵽ֱ¡쳺ȻѾҰϢϱֱӵĴ˱߹ߣǾ˵ԤıģǻСһΪá
˵ġ
Ҳͬдķʽ
дķʽʵ̫ðˡھʱ岻ԴУҶҰĲͿ¹˭֡
ŷҵıԴԴϵṩһ
ҲͬṩԼһЩ鱨
쳺ˣǣû뵽Ļʶ滹дԵס
ƵعһĨ㹻΢Ц
̾һͰһֽ˺飬ƾƮɢڷУҲ
̶ȵҡ
ܻġ
ҲṼڴ
ʱʹѾҲûʲô¡
ԥһƲʲôˣڶһаĺݽɫ̣Ƭ֮ͬ
Ҳ˵֮ǰЩԹԹʱ䣬ÿ춼а취ԥ˵鷳
޿Ȼ«澿ʲôĬľٶ쳺ϲʺ󣬾һܣӣŻϲʲôôͰʲôֳ
Ծ֮¡ԥ˵Ϊһʲô鶼УҪôĿѡ
һҡ
ֺ̼࣬֮֮ˡԸ°ԥ˽й
ʱҲѧˡ쳺ĳ谮ǿģԾ˵ʲôԼȥЩʲôлʹԼҲ㲻˴¡
ԥ˽յһˬֲּܹ
֮ǰȡ֣쳺ȴȡ֡
ԥνһˬⲻˬûκεôƽɬ
ǿˡ
쳺ϲ˭˭⹬ӣǷ񣬵һλǻʺǹǸū澣ûлؾء
ֻҧŴ˹棬ûʵװ˫ۡ
ǰƷζ˲Ƶķ²豭
ˣҵȵĺþá
ıԹѾΪ˵ֻŪԼ觷
Ȼҵôãȥкú÷ʡ
ԥ֮ǰѾԹαˣһܲˣİָ
㲻ҪΪԼװǻƣõ˻ϵϲܹΪˡ˭뿪˻ϣʲôǡ
ЦЦ
Ҳȵʧȥ˵Ȼڻûʧȥ㣬Ҳûָֻŵġ
˵ĸӵһһԼ뷨ĵ̧üͷһۣ뷨¡
£иµˣú׹Ĺأϳȥ
ԥ˻ҪױȲ֮⣬Աȣֳ
ԽԽ󣬴
¿һֵ̿ģȻ⣬ǻǰȥˣֱӵİ˳ȥ
źú÷ʡʡԼĴ󡣡
̼һĨ΢ЦĿ
ԥˮĳˢŢ֮ǰױѾˮڡ¶һҵģ
ỹİԼ˰ɡ
ȻԵõĶһ裬վſƷζšһԺʵĸһ̫ʦӣ꾰
ԥ֪ԼܹܣոѾǲǵģڱˮ侲
㻹ܣ
Ƶ˵š
ԥȷԼ˼͸ˣȴֹͣԼŭ
ҪбµĻҲҧгݵ˵ֻǺٻѡ
ҲºٻôˣϱλáԺٺͱۣΣ
ӵƣ΢΢һЦ֮󣬱Ѳˮõ˵ϣͷҲص뿪ˣֻǷԸ¡
úõĿţҪܵĻֱӵȥ鷿߸ϡ
֮У޼ɵˣû˸˵֡
ԥͷˮеķѾըһ̻ǡ
ûɡ
ѾԤУ𽥵ĳ͡
ԥ˺ף쳺ƫģֻܹʳ
ܲ⡣
ҲֻܹϥѾһȦһȦԲȦˮĻԣܹһСūעţҲߣҲܡ
ᡣ


625 װ

ôŷܣԽ˵ﱾһƬʪȵĿΪ͵͵ıƿ¶ⲢҪġ
쳺ķңûĶ˵Ѹ٣ûκεĳɣֱʱϡ
һӦȫľú;ӵ飬Ѿ鲻Խؿʼ룬ǲ׼Ⱥʱ
쳺ȥô󲿶ӵЩʱǲһСΪǰ棬̽һ̽ʵ
ж쳺֪
ЩЩսľһ֮ԿһδҲ̫˵㡣
쳺ȲҪȵǣԼװĸԼġ
Ǿʱſ
ЦЦųһĨĵЦҲһľĺӡ
쳺Եִˣ
ҿûдı
һ˵һ߰ѺľĺӴ򿪣⿵һЩС㡣
쳺֮ǰʱĸѾбŮˡ
Ȿֻƣϣܸһҡ
ڿЧܳɹ
ƺˣʹҹûгԷǳܹ
쳺Ҳֵһ⣬֮зΪ
̵Ȼ֪ƣϣܹͨõԼӵĸȨ
޿ǻ硣˵޿ģʵǼ̽Ѿף޿ϲ硣
ǣ쳺Ī⣬ڶã֮أ벻ãõȨ
ǽƾͼơ
¹Ȼߣͬõˡ
̸һӸԺʣҪЩʲôЩʲôĲúȣɲ׼
쳺ͬĵ˵ıӣȻ⶯ЩУ£ǻֻӲͷƤӦ
ֻҪʲôҶϲ
ϵĴ𰸡
ǳǳĵ˵ͷûж˵
ƺӾӦܰʱ֮жȹǰߵսݱǳ־ս˭ܹЦ󣬶˵
ȴ񳹵׵롣
ڳæתһЩϡŹֵС֮šʵϲһԼܺõˣǲһ顣
ѯʵĶ¡
²⡣
ô뷨
ҷǰϻˣ֮ǰҶԻһֱ⣬ҲŷĶҺõһ
ͷһС⣬Ȼ֮ǰһֱ벻ףͨˣʱ̫ˡһЩС⣬ϣܹϲ
̿˵ǷԼݼʵ۷ˣڳһģ¡
ͷһģҲǼٵġ
ʵģһ¡µķһͨҲԼĵȷǱȾˣһ仰˵ĺӻͷ𲻻ڷˣԼ˭Ҳһ£ΪʲôҪΪ鰡Ƿġ
ҵȻǵģһжǼٵģƭ
̰Сⶼװ棬һɫĺᣬѯʵĻɿɲûеģҪô֪ϲء
ƺ˳˼
ҹ
ҹˮС鷿鷿ΨеӰӰӳšǾһ
˵ģ
쳺ɫ壬ëʣζʵ˵ģ
Ȼ˵ģũҲ˵ʲôٻֻɫҲ֣ϲġ
Ҳ˵ٻСһۣûж˵Щʲô쳺Լ뷨пȷġ
ǻϲˣΪʲôҪ
쳺ҡҡ֣Ҳ뿪
Ȼоκˣ쳺ȴûбֳҲϵĶͷۡ
ƺԽսԽ£žӣһͳǮһǰȥｭϵı߾ϷشΪҪľøأﱻ˵ĻʳƲȫ֮һ
ȥðա
쳺һҪƴ±ȥ
йϵˡѾˡ
õĶŵùˣʵ֮٣Ϊѡ
쳺ĮЦЦƺһЩ˼飬վת鷿ǽڱԵĴĳһ֮һ
˽ȥߵԶܹİĵƹӳһ˵
˸Ź
ʫ֪Լûм̫ˣ쳺ЦЦ
㵹Ǻñ¡ôˣɱ𣿡
쳺Ŀ
㻹ܻøһ㡣


626 ͼ£

˵һߡ
̻ûѵȻԵõԥˡ
ԥ֧֧ᣬ˵Ȼȷǡ
ڷͷʢɲ֪ô
ôˣ
˵һ
ԥЦ⣬⼸죬Ҳ̿ǳӲģҪڹлȥúúõģôͱ뱧Ŵȡ
ⲻ֪ԼˣæҲ֪ʹĳ
˵ĿνһķС
˶ЩЦ
¿⸱ģҲ֪Ӧȥ
£ñĳĺˣ
ԥֹģ׵һ֪ڶԸˣʾ
ǵǾЩ˼
ѬѬȻ˹ǳǳߣǰ󹴳һĨŻ͵΢Ц
㵹мֱ¡֪ʳΪܣЩٽǸôˣ
ЦЦ֮뿪
ԥ̫ڶࡣ£ҪҲգĶԼģαȡء
ԥɫһһ׵ģԴǶ˵֮зֱһУڣ͵ĹâڳĲ
ʹѵ룿ڻʺһԣ˼Ļʺ֮λֿɼΪβú룿
˵ҪıλƵġ
ķ˸ۣЩܹĵ𣿡
ڿԽԽɵ˸ûüֵ˰ˣҪ
ԥ˷Լ˵˻Ƕǳ˵ʲôоĻֻº͵ҧҧ
ûͼ
̽ȫŲ̨֮ϣҡüͷЩС˼ѹֳɲ˴ðЩĳպˣ㣬ǻʺ飬һ㡣
̿Ǵ쵱ġ̺޿֮ǰĹϵӺ͹ŮĹϵʢƱˡԾǹĹ쳺
һһ߶ӵõķʽá
˿ûʲôã֮ìܡ
ԥĺܺãû뵽ԷԼ
֮䣬Ů֮䵭ĳ˹
˼׼ˡ
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ǺЦˣ֪˭£ܹҫָ֮ˡ
޿һɫۣɫ֮ǰôҰףһº͵Ц⣬ûֱȻй⡣
ԥ˶û뵽Լ˵Щ׵ģһףɫʱ
ʺʺ鲻ģоᡣ
Ų·ٰһ
Ҳʲôɵӣ㻰˵ˣѵףҪʲô
ԥ˵ŸͷһԲ
ĻŸ̡
ǻΪƹͷһʱ֮ĳ⣬ֵøװף˲ų²ߡ
ЦЦ
ֺα㡣ˣⱻ˲ҲҪ㡣
һǴݲȣһھᡣ
˵ıӳȤܹзʲô
޿ǳǳȥûж˵һֻ֣һʹ壬򾲡
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֪Լͼ񣬵ҲöһҲһ׮
ɢž׵Ϣ޿ͷĲһһԤʾڵĲƽֹŴϼ䣬Ĭá
ΪһճԲʲô¡
ǻĵûоĥ
ȴֱӵ⡣
תⰮ𣿼Ȼ֮ǰԭ򣬴˿ֺαִԲ򣿡
һ仰ͬһ䵶С
޿ɫٶȵ̹֮ǰѯԼȷ
Ӧ쳺ȥԹ̣
øһ㡣Ŀ⻹ǷŻ֮ǰ㾿֪֪飿Ϊʲô֮ǰҪȰңҳ
֮ǰûз֣㵱ʺΪǵٽмƣɿҲվסŵġ
ͬվӣɫмƣپͬ
Ҫ˵տһۣԼ̸ûⷽ롣
ΪʲôȰ㲻Ҫ뿪Ϊ÷вҡ
̾ԼǹͿˣĹؼüͷһһ˵ĺ
Ϊʲô
޿ŵʵ
ҵĶӣҲ֪ҵʵݲµõ߹صսĪĹϵ֮ǰ롣ԡ
û뵽ᵽֵز
ô
޿


627 

įĴ⣬׽֮Ժ
СڳΣʱһֱڰʾһ̵ֱ档
¾õ˶Ϣֻ֪ϣЩͽȻ޹ŬȥԻ쳺
ִܹＸ˼ᱻ٣Щȥĵģֻѱ湦á
¹÷ںԺ￪ⱻ͵ƽһʫ黭⣬ϸ࣬¹⡣
ֽҪ¹쳺
ܹܲõȨڴһˡ
޿ĿԣͬҪõȨ뷨ҪĻԼҲܹæ˵һ˵
һ鶼ࡣ
ֻɢԼĺ䲻ģɺÿ
һԵãڵȵ
쳺ƺԴΣܺá
ڰ
˵Щߡ쳺⸱ģ΢
ѵ㲻ǲ𣿡
Ĳ׽ƺ֮ͬ̾ԼѡʱʣǶ⶯ˣǸƽ˼ǳ
üͷ
쳺⸱ģεεѯʵ
Ƿ˺ʣ˵ġ
֣̾ԥƬ̲˵֮ǰһֱڹĵһЩ˵ĳƷ֪θΡ֪ܲܳһ
֮ĵĹ
쳺һʱ֮䣬ۡ
¸ȻģƲסԼеĿϲ֮顣
쳺
˵
̵˵ͷغ
ȻаٰĲԸ˳ûκθġ
ˣԵ
쳺ȤԴôϡŹֵ뷨췽ҹ̷ȴͬǿ˸ŵǡ
ͬȤ
֮ǰ˵ˣȻ뷨ۼΪʵΪ飬ʼڴνСжôã
СĹӡõһÿİɫĺӣһССĺӣɫһɫĺᡣ
쳺ɵþЩЦ
ǣ
˲֪ʲô𣿡
һ˫ǵʱûܹܾ
쳺СĲ˺ᣬϷԼˣܹ̾С⡣
ͲͿĨС֮ϣ׺ŲݮѣŤд쳺֡
⡣
ЦȻ쳺
쳺û뵽ĵĶ̧üͷϸѲһ
͸ҵģ
ЩȱѾΪܲɷֵڡһֵİѵ͸ܵᡣ
쳺ЦЦȻһͣ۵ζƺҪ
óԡ
ûгԹĶԵСҪһЩԼúõı档
ȥֹľٶ
Ͳóˣұ治˶þͻʵģϲĻͶһ㣬ȻĻһĺѳԡ
һ˵һһͣ˳ζ򷢵ĻƷζһ֮⸱ģεЦЦ
ǾЩ𣿡
쳺ҡҡͷû뵽
ûС
̿⸱ãȻģǳЦš
ȻĻ͸Ͻ⵰ˣոճζҲϲĻ´ٸĿζľͺˡ
쳺Ӳĵ˵ͷû뵽Լܹô׾ٵӵҸȵ̫ˣҵԼ޷š
ܹڴ˿̿ԼĹ⡣
ϵľۻ֮˵ĸƺ˽ܵķչһжԤ֮УҲ˲ٵ顣
˵һЩĸ㣬˵һЩϡŹֵС⣬ҲЩʱĥ
޿ܹ÷磬ԥ˲˷ˣѵõƽƺҲԸĶС
Ҳû뵽ܹô¡
üͷϸ˼Ƭ̡
Ĳǣɢ˰쵵ĹС滨ֽǰá
ζô
ݸ£µ˵ͷζǹ̫һȻǲˡ
һϲġ
쳺˽·ԸһҪ޾ϸ̡
ҲɵȻܹĹâ
¾Ϊܹɵ¡
»֮󣬱ܹϢõٵĴ𰸡
İЩǹ棬Ȼǰʱ䣬оѩֶźá
ȥһ鷿ɡ
Ȼ쳺κйڱߵϢȴܹ˽͵͵ĸ΢ǵϢҲи뷨
սûнֹͣ


628 Ļ̥

鷿ԥε쳺쳺ȴƤĴҲҵúܺá
̽ʱ㿴һģԥЦЦ
û뵽Ҳڡ
ݲȵؾ˴˴εķ̧֮쳺쳺ûж˵ʲô
֪ã
ԥ˼¶ˡɫһһ׵ģҲû뵽˵ôȥƵ̧ۡ
ôˣѵѵҳһܣ
ǳ˻ҩСͲ
Ӧ͸ŶԣĪġһߴİԼЩС㻹ǹ˳ڹ㡣
ԥ˺ǺǵЦһ˵Щʲô
쳺ȴֱȥ

û뵽ҧҧ
Ѿܾˣ鷿Ǹĵط𣿡
̻һ԰ǻͼӴס
ûû䷽ʽЩĵط𣿸Ͻȥʡʡ
ԥ뿪ˡ
뿪ӰҲûжĲϾԥ˸ûʲôսص㡣
쳺һĸ㣬һɿڣȴЩ˸ֽŵСǹһʱ֮˼
һǹУ۵ķҷȴֿüչӡ
ʶˣĿ˸ܿɫ¶ĵЦݡ
Ҿġó𣿡
óԡ
ͬʡ
ôһüչӣѲΪԥˣ
ΪΪһ顭Աֳһɬģܲȥһ磬ĺ
һ˵ţһ߾Ө͸һĬ
֪ѡΪѣĺΪһĸףĺܾöûмǵĶˡ
ǸԼһҪ踺ء
뻹ڵȥ
쳺˻û뵽ָ̻ʣʱ֮һ顣
ôˣ
쳺еĿ޺˵ĺеȷ˵öûмĶˡ
Ҿûʺܹչ˵ĺܺãҲҵĶӣϣܹ
Խ˵ίԽ˾ȷˡ
һ˫Ĭ֮УĹ
á
һ˵һվ

û׾ʲô¡
˵Ҫȥ𣿡쳺ȻȻס֣ûκεѣھҪȥɡ
δ빬
޿ŷ磬ϷȴвٵĿգԽദԽ᲻ã֪⺢ʵ̵ģҲ΢ĸ顣
ôãȷٵĸˡ
Ҳס
̸֪࣬ӵ壬صһ룬Լζ
ںСϷȻȴ޿˹ȥ
̾Щ˼
Ҳף޿жϲ磬ǣԼĶⷽ˴ȣڴ˽µͳһսߣҲ뱣֤ԼĶԼģ˵ġ
쳺һ˵޿ʱɫǲÿɷģ䵭࣬쳺

ᣬֻһˡ
νĺѹֻһɲǵ飬ڷֵú
޿ʱһУνһ˭ĸأڻ
罻̡
ǾԼѵõһ
˺ˡԭɡ֮ǰϲԭһֱԭģǱ顣
̳˹Цݣ޿
ϣҪٹȥ顣
޿ԳЦЦ»ѡ
ǲòϣȷӦӡ
籧Ļ¶һĨЦ⡣
ʵСеˡ
ֵܹ˺Լĸ׵Ĳͬ˶ڣԼཱུС֣Ҫһ
̸Ͻ뻳Уܵů
ߵһˡ
ĬĬţչ¶дκ˶Ҫȷ
쳺ĵЦԣŸܵԼճһ飬ڱá
ƵĴţﶼκεĸ顣
޿ֻûֶǵģԼʲôûУ䵭Ҫ뿪ԼĹڵĳȴĴڡ
ȴЩǵĻͷȥȻ㣬ʧ
ڡ
ֻܹһ޿֪ϣĸǴģκεĥ
޿ЦЦ


629 Ȼ

ɴ׷䣬ֻǵʱȻ
޿ƽľдһ仰Լ侲׵ľȥΪ쳺ˣĸѾ˶ѭҪϽ
ɫɺ⵹ӳ׼ȴϡϡ
̷˾ţ֮£СiΪСͼΪȻδ빬˳İһϵеǡ
ô
޿ŵľٶŵˣҡҡͷ
ʵ̫ðˣ֪֪ľٶһ˷˻ô
˵һȥ濴һۣŮǶڡЩϰߣ̽Ҫˡ
֪ϵʱϲ˵飬δ빬ʵûˣȻĻҲصˡ
ǶԴúЦЦ
޿һʵôðյĹΪʲô
֪ڻΪ飬ЩġͻȻǰĸ㣬Ҫͷһ𡣵ǣҲӰ죬Ҳòһ㡣
ӦǳϣһǾԼ˵޿
޿ȴҡҡͷ
ΪҺһ㣬֮ǰԼϲǼٵġ
̹ϵ˵
ɫ̶׼չ˷硣
ʱСĽ±·ָʲô

һѯʱûйúܺá
ȻҲܹµ⣬϶ѯʵġ
ܹǰĸáҲҪ粻Ҫ̫ڵЩ
˵ҲԿ¹ʱ򣬱¶һݵģڹеıɫܹһеľٶ
ʥּΪԺ˳
쳺֪ʥּ澿д˭֡
ܿİһʵ㹴һĨ۵΢Ц
ڵһʵʱ
´
ӣܽҵˡ
ܽػ
ĵ˵ͷӴҲ쵽ˣһսҪʱҿ϶ղͣս
Щܽػ˻
㲻İЩƿƿ޹棬£Щ͵޹ץסᣬʱдһ顣
ִȥ
ϱ߾
ǶѩҲή⸻ĵĵش
ī˼ڡ
֮ĵطս
쳺ǲĿνһƺƵ
ȥĻ¾Ҫȵˡ
һĵĹء
ʱǲսģҶղıһ涨
ѵ;쳺ΥԼ
ѯʡ
䵭ҡͷ쳺«ĸʲôҩ
ûô򵥵ģ˻ĻɣⲻĵĹʼǲĵĹأңղڣĻᣬһսҪ׼á
ŷϴǵ˳
Ѿͷڻʹ档
ǲص㡣
쳺Ϊ˻λܹǸϳҪƴȫ˺ǡ
ôڿ˵ϲ̣ܹܲڻʹȥҪʺš
ıΪ¡
ŷ̾һ
ͲӦôðա
Ȼ֪˷ڻʹ棬ΣΪĻᵽز
һжȥˡүүҲġ
īдս޲ʤͬĵ˵ͷ
ⲻ˵ģֻҪԸ»λôǾ͵һ·Ϲʳǡ
ŷϸľ绢Ч
䲻ͣڣ۪۪Ѿִ˻ʶûа취ȫˣֻܹ˳ǵ˼
ѵصľӼִｭϵ
ŷͬ׼֪ࡣ
ζܹи
ͬ⡣
궬ҲҪһսĻҪʳڵˡشҶϣүүȥ˵һ
ŷǿҵͬڽϵӰǳ֮㷺
Բ뷨
¶һ
ŷ˼ĵ˵ͷԣ˵ҲǺ׵顣
ҲãܹܵصĽʧֻ֪ǻ᲻⡣
̧üһ˼档
ƮƮȻ֪ʲôʱǸͷ̻ھ
վǷֱߡ
绹á
Ҫдʱʹ淢飬ͬʱָһ㡣
ʫܻڻʹ棬䲻쳺Ϊʲôǻ֮
һŷӱҪĵطΪʲôأ
ʱ֪


630 

Ļš
һЩˮ˪Ķǰһƺʲôһ
쳺ҪЩʲô
ʫ⻹Լֵģҷֵʱ΢
쳺ĳ鷿һɵϢ
֮еκһ֣ϵ쳺ǰһ߰ɱ˵飬ܹ϶Ǹʫˡ
ͬʱҲɻΪʲô˲Ǹüֵʸأ
ʫ²࣬Ըڻʹ棬Ϊʲô
ǲʲô顣
ϸ˼һ
û˼һȻĴ𰸣ֻǰһ棬ϣܹʱ򣬴ɽһ
Ų²鷿һ
ЦЦС˹Сݵȵȵ⡣
쳺ҲʱʱĿ
ǽ״ɫĹ빬֮УȻд½Ҫ
ʲô飬ô˵ƣѵǣ
ãȻ޴գգԼȴûж˵Щʲô
쳺䣬Ҳ֪Ƿʲô飬Һûϵ
ûʲô
ãǱ¶һС
ܹµǾ⣬ѵ쳺ܹʽĹ򾩶
⻹ûôš
ҧŴȻĻر⣬Լ֪˵⣬ҪԣǳЦһ漴¶һƽ͵Цݡ
û£ȻϲԸ̶ǾͲ˵ãֻϣҪôƣȥˡ
º͵˵ţȻһĺ衣
쳺˼ҸӣԸⵥİѻλ롣
ԣʵʥּ㾿֪٣ʲܲκһˡ
Ҫ˵ֻܹ˵ûиȷеĴ𰸣ȻȻʶټңҪ¶Ҳԥ
ĿҲЩͷۣҪ½ˣûô
ĬĬţȴ޷Щ̨ϡ
úõһ롣
쳺סˣھͲʥּ
ʫ
ͻȻĽһȫĻһȷߣʱ⣬˵
Ҳ顣ةӦ֪𰸵ģΪȻټԺ󣬶ϻةִ࣬£дگ飬һةϢϢء
һȻ뷨Ҽã˲ϴԼɡ
ڿ϶ʫڻʹ֮УǾصΪʲôüֵⶼǺ󻰡
ܹȷ֮ǰǻʱΪ˻λȶƴų켺Ҳ¼λϴ󳼣ȻĻٹǺġ
쳺ة࣬ԣڽìͷֱָةࡣ
ة྿֪֪ʥּˡ
쳺лһĨĹ⡣
Ȼ˵ĻǾɡ
̺һ߷ż˹ȥ庢ӡ
쳺һ񾲵ģ̲סЦ
ãһжҵġ
ţֽԼݵϡ
ԽԽˡ
ݲĴڡ
԰
޿£úõ͡
̺ԥ˶лһЩûʲô̫ɣҲͬĶ
ֻΪ˵˵ѡ
һžջŸ㣬ȴŵԵĺ֣һɲͬѰϢ
ͷķҷζȴһɸζ
Сiǲ⡣
Сiһɨ衣
⣬⻹úأжֶҩȡɣһڣ֤ˣͼ̫ҩҽ
Сһһܣ֪֮˭ôĺ⣬Ҫء
޿ɫͻȻʵôˣ岻ķˣ
գգԼ۾
Ȼͽոշ쳣״ĺֵݸ޿֮дŸҡ
֪һλԱǿĺ⣬Ȼ˶ҩޱζһ㶼ģһžųˣԾ
Į˵ţͬ˫һ۹⣬ĵһҿҲûз˲Ծ
ԥ˶ֳһ㵵ģݼûˣЩûܹ϶
޿һš
ʺﲻŵĻ˹һԣжܹܿ϶
󷽵˵ţڳ⻰֮󣬶æİ˰֡
ɺûϵǹҲܹѪѽ
ԥ֪Լ֮ǰƲԸûʲôϵ


631 ûϵ

Ҷûеָ˵ûйϵôԼˣĪ飿
б۾һ⸱ģºŵЦЦûж˵ȴԾں档
ԥ˾ԼΣ̾һָ֮æ˵ԼʵĿĺԭ
֪檺ιһֱԸñ֪Ļ»뷨ˡ
ǰеĻ˵
ԥ˶ԼûκεĹϵ
޿սȥҲȷŵⲻͬѰϢƮɢ˹ȥ
һ˺úõİһ飬ø˸鷸ơ
ִһεΣ
̳һ
ջֵ쳺ȥ
Ϣ֮󣬱ף˰ŵװס
޿Ҳͷö൱ʶĸԼʩѹҪ鴦á
úæµ
ͬǵսľȻеһΣǾζźпеڶĻᣬܹ
绹Ǻǰһ˺ȣ˯ģǾһεķ粨䣬ҲЩήһʻΪһεķ˶ֳˣ֮
Ҳչ
쳺̶Դ˲֪ɷҲ֪ЩǲΪ̽
Ҳڳһģûбֳκε⣬ͬʱҲûгκεĲƵĹš
ǳǳЦЦ
֮ڣҵˣȻͬ²һԥˡ
ʱ꽻ӡ
쳺ǽ߸ȴûбֳκԵĲֻ΢̧ͷȻָΪһڰҩ
̶Ѳµ࣬ҲûʲôҪ˵
̲Ĺ˴ǣӦ˵Ĵ𰸣һ㶼⣬ĲνĻ£ҵڲ֪˲ٵİӡ
Զȷ
쳺εĹһĨЦ⣬˵ͷ⻰˵ĺܶԣȴܹⲻİԼĽ
ʲô֮ĻŻϣ
ܾûʲôûн⿪
ϣܹȥһ
˵ĺ
쳺΢΢񣺡ôˣ
ȻˡƵЦЦֻҵ϶ˣں˵仰Ӧûʲô⡣
Ȼ㣬ֳ̻ģδӵеĹϡ
ԥ˾Ȼ˵ôӦûûдֵزȥһϷԼȥɡ
ⶾغܸӡ
СiһԽǿ϶ͨ˼Ҿܹõһƿҩģ뾿˭ı졣
̳˼һʱûҵ𰸣ڿÿ˶Ŀܡ
쳺ҲС
ģԲŻ뷨
á
쳺ˮĵ˵ͷĬ뷨
껹ţƺôǵϡ
乬һŶ룬ܹܵⱼϮȲùܣĵΪ䵭ķ񣬲ٵ˶Ҫ˶ȴ
һǰ
ԥֻһڹ棬üһۣʲôҪ˵̡
ǲʸң
ԥʲôһ㣬ܡ
ʲôĻһۣͷ˵Һ֮仹ЩԹ뿪ɣЩֻ
Ϊѣ֪ĸԣͷڷúõš
ԥĮ
һĲġ
е֤ݶָ㲻ڻͷĻû˿Ծˣ㶮𣿡˵ĺֱ治֤ݣҴͷβ쳺û֣ҪʲôԩĻ˵ʵҲûйϵ
ÿһ仰˵쳣鶯ϣԥܹס
ԥ֪Լͷˡ
ĲЩ֤ݣЩǣָʹġ
Ҫޣȴ۾ɸɵû¶Ļᡣ
ûбҪôɵҶ֪Һǵˣһڴ֮ͥ¸¶ҩʲôҶ֪
ץסһ
ӲӲĵ˵ͷȻͬ
Ļֲһԥˡ
ҲܹĿеõκõϢΪʲôףǱˡ
ڹȱµҲֻˡ
̵ĳ׵ĳȥƿš
صӣû°ɡ
ܹʲô£һĨ΢ЦֳһģжĥҲ֪ҲǺǵĽɫң乬ţ߰ɡ
ͬصİǰࡣ


632 

ԥϵɱϢòͻȻ
֪һ졣
޿صΪ֮ǰĵ棬ʵǲĻʲôĻ̫ҽôˣ
Դĳ
ҡҡͷҲ⡣
Ҳûʲô£ֻɱЩͻȻѡ
ʲôͻȻģ乬ʮŸɱģƽС顣
޿Ǽ˵ģŮǱ乬ҶĽβϾ㡣
˵ŮһȷˡͻһѤãŵܵ٣ήģ⸱ģ
̳ĵ˵ͷȻ˵㣬
ԥ˵ʱĽﷴѯһԼ
쳺ʱһװѵõһЩɡ
м磬Ǻú׼
ڷԸҪشһ
޿˵ͷ
֮ǰĲҲѾ׼ˣѡ˷ȵϹͷ
̹һĨЦݣЦʧҲܿ졣
ͷ
֪ķ֣пһʼľ趼Ǵġ
п֮ǰ֮УԷ¶ֵĶ󲢲Լͬͷķ磡
쳺ȻĳҪıɱҹӰ
š
쳺ڻһƵģĶţʺȻݴ󷽡ǵ÷ϲЩʲô
̸⻰ʱ򣬻ŴȰĿ⡣
̺һȴԼ뷨Ҫһ㡣
һ붬ʱڣ¶轵ഺһе˵ŴĿ⣬ıԼĵǣǲܹμӴ˴εļˣлʺž͹ˡ
޿ʶĲԾ䲻֪ԭ򣬵ʶĻķȥ顣
ȻĻúϢϢֵ̫ĵطֿŷ硣
ȻǴԼһȥġ
˶һµЭ顣
쳺Ҳܹȴ֡
ԵĴŲ⡣
̿ɬسЦЦе˭ܹ֪أ
תתԭνݺˣֻΪһӡ
ʵǻЦ
쳺ֱ¹ޡ
ȵ뿪̲һ
Ƿʲôˣ
޿Ϊ˲ԿĿ⣬ԼĴΡ
һѹͲǳġ¶飬ֻ˶ĿĿΪɱ硣
޿˵Щ뵽ⷽȥ
ôܣ
޿һӦǲܡ
Ϊʲô᣿
ƽֱĲԼһһ˵ĺϸ˼˰֣пܵľǽ赶ɱˣҪͨԥ˶ҵĵɱңȥһ乬ֲ
̫ͻȻ̫Ρ
쳺ɱڡ
һʼɱ磬ܹµ˭
ҡ
޿ĳģҡҡͷ
ѵ˵һжǻģ
ŵ̧üͷϸ˼˰֡
ܰôϲô飬ɱ˺ӵĻһӡ
ŻֶΡȨף˼룬ΨһĿԾûκεԥ¶
ܹڹȨȥֵˣֻлʺ㻹
ε˾޿ˡ
鲢ģпµֻˡ
ΪʲôҪҲԭġ
˵ײӣԽǱֳˣϲ쳺Խжд̣ԵĻһжǺϺ
䵭֮УźƲ⣬ȴ˲
޿ŵ
˵һжģ
һҲûа취˵ٲ˰
Ȼû֤ݣһкϺ
ѽһʵҲ۷޿ҡҡͷĲ̵ţڻõķ硣
Ļ֮ǰ˳Ļ˵ȷģȻĻһˣʱɵСĽһЩʲô飬Ҫ費١
ʵĳ˵ͷ
ʵһΪ˵ĻڿЦ߲šҷְЩ߸쳺
Щƣ룬ֻ֮һˡ
޿ҡҡͷ⸱صģǳЦ
Ҳֵνĺڰ׹ǷۣҵѾ͸ôˡ
Σƴղʵģ㣬ڴ쳺ܹת⡣ٶȰһжͬʧ
ʱʧۻ˾ͻңֲӦ顣
޿㹻赭д֮ȴʧ䡣


633 ֮

ҹɫĹɢ
ʼûв˴뷨Ҳͬ򵥣ΣҪ÷硣
ӱٶƵĶȹ
쳺ȻԴвҲûа취
ʱ䣬쳺ȷ²ûüƽĴʱͣս£˸ľȥϡ
ϵĵطǸԣ¶˾ġ
ةĿ쳺
ڵıʵȻųλãǴȨѾܿա
ûа취
쳺ǻͲˡةԼݺʹ
һкûйϵֻةѣ
ة̧ͷЦһƺڳԼˣѾˣȥĻ⳹׵ʧȥüֵ
˵ö֮
ȥ㾿֪٣ʵ
֮дżС
ةҲò׼ô뷨СĽ
΢֪˵飬Ǻ£лᣬ˼С
쳺䵭ĿԼ뷨һĨЦ⣬ȥ
ţ㲻ʵĻԸ
ةĺݺݵľᡣʫϣΨһŮ
ҪĻ΢ûʲô˵ġ
Ե̾һҲ֪⻰Ӧôȥ͡
쳺϶ڴˣʵԴһŲö֪
粻Ļʫô죿ĿŮȥĻ
֮ǰһƬģǱʫڿֻһѡ
㻹Ҫ𣿡
ةԼĿˮŵ
Ҫڣ쳺ѡĻᣬҡҡͷûж˵
ҡ
飬޶һŲֻ֪ʥּּ
ʵֵز˲֪ǺãΧƿ
ةǰգգԼһĻؾ
΢Ĳ֪νģȵ۵ּĻȵ۴δ߹΢һпᡣ
᣿
쳺һⲻ֪ⷬٶĳ׵ı˴˹档
̵Ⱦһ졣
ΨĹâɢĹԣһëΡ
ɭ
ʫԼ˶ˣҲںˣϾʱܹǣ̶ʵľ
ʫ̧˰֣Ļûпǿ쳺һصӡ
Ҫ˵ʲô
ƵЦһֳųģ
˽ⲻˡ
쳺°ͣþ
ҪЩʲôҲ˵㲻ʶôĻⱲӿ޼֮ա
ûҲûйϵԼ㹻õʱβҵһҪֹϵвңûбҪģҸ㡣
ʫͬÿһ仰˵ĿС
쳺̧
Ȼ㲻һԼĻҪҪĸסλӿɲǺܺģҪΪļ˲ΪΪܳͷ
ʫƴš
㾿ҪЩʲôܲ侲һ㣡
ƴҪѼȴԼѿһȦ
ĺһ
㾿ҪЩʲôҲףûʲôüֵ㶼Һһ
Զˣǰӣڸޱȡ
뷨Ļȥҳеһвҿɲϵӣûκεüֵ
쳺¸˼Ĳϣн˺󣬷Ժ
Ȼûʲôüֵ֮ǰ̶Щҿɲǡ
һϣǱļҧŴƴԼ侲ĳ
ԼЩЦ쳺ΪôҲֻΪ˱𣬶һǱ̡
ǸӦãѾԶ߸߷ˡ
쳺Ʈĳԡ
ʲôҵˣֻһȦڻʹ档
ڵ֮УһЦ
ʫ϶ǷˣûҩɾˣȴΪȱԺ˻Ƶļ
ΨһĻǸϽĸޣ֮ǰʥּȻûи㣬˵
ʫ˫ۣ֪˵ʲô֪νʥּǴġ
ʲô֪
ظ˼顣쳺ѹûȥ˰춼ûҵȻʵʥּλʼնȡ
ܹⶫأ
쳺˼ȥûд𰸣ɿ֡
ʫ̱棬ķ׷ס


634 ҲҴ

ƽҹɫܹͿĨЩƽɫʡ
ãȻ޴Īа۾òš
ôģ
¹ãܹһɫѣԹ͹ʡ
ĪаЦЦˣҾʹȥô
Ҿ⽻ײôҴȥ˵Ҷüֵһ۾Ϳ뷨ֱӵĿ֣ȰڸϽ뿪ȻĻҾҪˡ
һ˵Żһ߿˼ʾԼܹ
Īаüһû뵽Ů˾Ȼֵزֹ
Ļ𣿡
ڻּۻۡбһۣԼĲĻء
Ҫʧȥһ㣬͸Ͻ뿪
Īа˵ϲŭ޳ɲŸĹϵһۣ
ٲߣĽˡ
ĺôˣѵİ쳺
ĪаȻҲ˹ЩЦ֮дų

ʲôϵ𣿡
쳺ĪаҪ֮ѡһĻͷҲأǻѡ쳺໥ƺĹϵ

Īаüͷһ˯ķ硣
˶֮ĶˣȻĻҲµ쳺ɱıӰɣ뻢ΪжͶҵӪ
⻰֮дյζֲǿĪаųѩĹ
ҲŲЩҰ˰֣ͷͳһذף˵ʲôҶŵģֻ΢üֵžöѡ
Լݵλڵúԡ
üͷЭһۣذףǰ˵ݡ
ĪаȻЦ˼
ңвң˱˽ⲻ˵ĶҪҡ
˸ۡ
Īаһըëӣεһߺ൱ľ롣
ֻǺʵʵ˵ѣ㿴ʲôأ
ʵҲסĺӡ
޷봫Ϣ̡
ҡҡͷ
ЩҪԼҲˣȻ뷨ҲҪҷƢɡ
Ȼ˵Ҳ̸ˣҪԼϢݸ
㲻úõһ룬Ҵ˵Ļ㻹ȥһ롣
Ҳ˵ĻҲСˣҸˣˣ¾ҪعȥĶӾ衣绹˯Ҳ볳ѷ磬Իİɡ
Īаûа취ҡҡ֡
ȷҪ̡
жҲ֪ʲôʱܹ
ðɡ
û뵽ǿӰʧ֮졣ĪаЭ̫ͻȻš
ŷ磬Ž뿪ɢ
̳׵˯ˣԵ֮УҲһֵͶˡ
ȻѵִزĻѡһ˼ǿĹȥ
ĪаĺͻȻ뻹ǺսܲɷֵĹϵȼ˵ƻ͵͵дһţ׼͸֡
ҲΨһϢýˡ
峿Ρ
˯òãجβƵ
쳺ĺ硣һࡣ
̶
С̽š
̲Եգգ۾Ҳ֪ʲôӣǰ飬κεѾʩ
᳾Ĺϸϸɢ
쳺һҲѾ㲻ѣǿ˿Ǹ־µĺʣзϺ
ôôʢ
̿ݵԼߣҲ֣һڡ
쳺żЦʵѵϲ
ȷͦϲġ̺һ࣬˵ζĽζ޷ڸǺʱζҪ뵽ϾȻܹôģ޸ǳ
۵Цš
ЦЦһߣζƺҲѣʵ˫ۣǵߡ
쳺¶һĨóѵЦݣʵҪҪһ
̾쵽˲Ծһѱס˵粻ϲζԲõģϾͲҪˡ
һС졣̸Ͻϴ׼ԵģͬʱҲڹɨŷ磬쳺ʲô
һҲӰ쵽쳺
ǾһЩʲô𣿡
쳺һ˵ֱûκεػأֱѯ˹ȥ
̹Լĺ⡣Ҳ֪ô˵Ƥá
ҪֱӳЩԼҲûô׵


635 û

֮άŹƽ⣬ƽûκεĹϵ
Ϊڵա
쳺²⵽Լ̴ͷҲ˵κεĻ֮ǰȻãǳͷá
ֱڵĵʹżϢ߸߹
ȴûʲô˼ڹŴڴ˵иĻᡣ
޿Ҳ֪֮󣬱ĸ⣬Ϊ£ʱʱ汣
˵չ֮𽥵ĳѧ·
̿ѽѧһģвеƣ롣
Ҳ֪ǺǻԽԽױ˲
޿̾һһֹӣȴԼڸƷζŲˮķҷ
εİѺӱԼĻҡҡͷͬζ
Ҳû뵽쳺ĻֵزڵĶҲĬһС
ͬʱ岻ʣȱϯ˴ڵᡣ
ͬһʾ
쳺вˬ
޿뿪뿪ˣղıŲ룬ٹ֪ͬ⣬ﴫķз˶ⲻϢһ㱣Ĥ
ʱѩ׵Ѫɫ·ܹܽһеıͲ
̾һûж˵ֻЩĬ
ЦǺǵģ˭֪ҪЩʲôأ
õԤʾµһ죬ͻȻı򿪡
쳺ڣմȾһľ
֮дʹֱ̺޿Ц
ǻǺñ£ȻǶʲô޿Ǿ֮𡣡
Ӧˣǽȴܵޱߵķŭ
ĬʾһС
ⲻǺȻȻ𣿼Ȼ㻳ɱ⻹ҪңҲǺЦ˼㡣
类ڻ
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仰ȼ֮ļ֮
쳺Ǹ͸㲻һ㣬ƾʲô̲Ը۵ĿһоΪʲô
뾿Һã
߷߲ţҧгݵʵΪɾܾڱѩɽ档Ҳ칫ϾȻһѩѩǵľȫû
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ЦЦ
أ֮Σ㻹Ǳ޳ܡ
쳺һֱ̣޿Ҫȴֱˤϡ
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ҪȰ侲
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쳺Ǹһĳ˹һѳԾǳŷȥġ
̼Ŀźӡ
ѷҡ
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ذ׺˼쳺ơղ˼ѾƵ档
״һҩƿӡ
쳺ͬץסᣬƿӵһɲǽɣʹ裬һӣһ
޿Ҳ֪ƽ֮ʱסĻƿ
ɣٶȵ쳺Ů֮Ĳ޷⡣
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̻ûüޡֱĹϡ
ˡ
䵭Ŀ֮һɳѪζԼʹı
ҵĶӣ
޿û뵽ԼɱˣԺŷѪҺ˫֡
ܰɡ
ܿʶǱ˷˲ԾĻ˾߲ˡ쳺ʱĶ׼ݣûб覴ãһġ
ĲܺСi
һľż޿ץýġ
޿֮ǰΪܵʱһܵû뵽ʱõ
ĵĸߣ˵϶մѪҺô֮ʱûע
Ͻ͸ܵܡ޿ȴת޼ҿɹӣﰲӪأ
ʱ̻и
޿ڼҵ䡣쳺֮ǰΪ˷Ȩƺ⣬Ȼʺ󣬵ǰǼȫĽְλ͡
˵ûκεüֵ
ڽ϶תת
޿̫ʦ
򿡱ҹͻȻɫ԰׵̣õһ㶡
޿Ҳ֪˭ҽס䡣
ȾǣȾ̡
򿡹ţһѾߺǣʾǣ׼Щȥʵ˺£


636 ʱЪ

ƮźɫĹ
޿̻һѣи˲١
ɫѩѩ׵ģȴѩҪСЩ֣Ĭһ仰˵޿⸱ģеǡ
򿡻
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ɵĿĴ޿޿ղԱţɲǼ侹ҭ
ϵĻʺ̫ܵʦΪ˺£
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֮ǰ뿪Ͷ飬ǵֻ˵ǣȫ𣬶ҵʱ·ͻȻҲ֪
м
û˿Ѫɫ۾۵İڻ
ֵûκεĶ
Ƿʲô
ԽԽߣ֪ôһĻǾԲͬ¡
޿֧֧ᣬ˵˸ƽ

ĶлһĽţ֮ǰδ¡
쳺֪ûӵúǻæûעЩ
û뵽֮ᷢǰǣǱˡ
ĺͻȻ
Ҳǿ޺š
ҵĺӰ
ǻûпӾˣĴ̼Щ˼ôܹܣʵ̫ͻȻˡ
ҧҧܵʶĽع飬ɳĻȻӣͬõ廨Ѫɫĳ֡
ƺڻ֮ĵʫ
ɫ
ѵú磬׻Ϊȥ̽һ̽
޿һ϶û˯šĺòãҲͬʱĵǣĴӿͷ˳ȴͬվſڵ򿡡
ӡ
޿ֵ¶һĨЦݣͬµŵ򻨡
򿡼⸱ģ֮Ҳ֪ΪԼӸ˶٣˻ʺλã뿪
һŮܹɵ飬ɵö˼ء
չеεĵ˵ӣǣ
ѩûЦݣʹȻлѩڣ޿˼ĵͷ΢Цʾ⡣
ô⡣Һ̼ʹĽˣ޿ͺˡ
޿˵ţѵĿⵣơ
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ڡʵչĸĿڣ޿ԶϢһᡣ
Ҳʲô˵飬Ҳôһ졣
ʵҲûʲô¶
һ˵˵ЦЦҲڽҹĺһɨա
ϸ΢Ķš
̣𣿡
Ӧһ赭дš
΢ƺҪɢ
̴ţһɫǣĵ֣壬Ѫɫ̧޿򿡡
磿
һоһһĲ˼飬Ͼһ㣬ӦģԼڹУһʧ
ĺӡ
Сiʱİο
˵ĸϽУȻĻ»𣿡
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Ĭ뷨ȴֲɵþúЦⲻΪ
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۹дۡ
Ѿͷ
򿡻ΪҪ˵ʲôֵĻ󶼱˿ݵĸ̵Ķͷ
ȥϳʱֻϻڡ
޿һԼսһУʱһ㣬ֱӰ˸˸öãһеȫϴ塣
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ǵůͬʱҲǣǵůš
һġ֮ǰôѺͷꡣ̳¶һĨĵ΢Цƺһҹľ侲绹𣿡
һͷ۵飬֮ǰʵȫ߸˶磬Ƕ֪
ɵЩ
ʲôһδƽһǡ
ļҸ
һҪץǵĻҲǵš
֮ǰѾ÷̵ģֲһˡ
ס֣Ҳܹ̫ãȥ롣
صĿûκεĿЦ˼˵ĺ
ڽδһǵġ
ҲУʱȥһȥиӦ
޿ͬļ
Ҳһ뿪ǣǾ֮أҲˡҲҪ𡣡
һ˫ˮ֮иֳ𻨡
̻Ĳӣû뵽˵įĵͷ
̾һʲôŮǣǼʼǸڷĸ塣
Ƿ飬ҲԸǴϢأǡ
ȥЩʲôȥʲôɣҪʦĻϹͷҲ֪ܹܲеö
ȻԾȻϡ
͵Ӱڴ˿ΰޱȡ


637 ̹

лһů
ǶʵĶԼĺãһݸ鲻ɹ뵽Լʵݵ飬Щͷۡ
⸱ģǵѯʣǾ岻
εҡҡͷ
黹Ҫ渵
Ҳ֪ûи򿡡
ֻܹ򿡵䣺磬㽲
ĵ˵ͷ䲻ԣһֱû䡣
á
޿Ҳɫ֪лҪԣһЦ
ϻûϢãȥϢһ
޿
򿡸м˵л
峺
ڵģҲ÷
ַʲô飿
ģḧοļҲ̫ѹ
ʲôҪ˵𡣡
̿һ򿡣Ц
ʵ֮ǰ߸ˣǲҸ߸㡣
򿡺ʱ׽֮е΢ɫһ
Ƿʲô飬ԸңܶԸߴң
֪⻰˵
׺ͳ˻᲻ըأ
Ȼ˼˼֮飬ӣ˼֮˴𰸡
ʵ˵ˣ¶Ҳˡ
ջǷԼܡ
ĳ
ʵֻ֪һ㣬֪򿡴˵ţһãȻ޴ģʴӵҡҡͷ˵㲻ţǣⶼġ
º͵ķһĨЦ⡣
µ黹ûз
µƮڹŴЩ˶ļ˰ȻûѪ֮ϵǸůͰġ
ѾͷĵĲǾĿƵʲôʱ֪ģʲô鶼˵һ˵
֪ԼӲˡ
ǵðЩ߸ǣӻʧܵȻʶ˲ٵѣڼһ粨̸
Ҳһ𣿡
û뵽ǾȻսˡ
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á
鷿
쳺ȻһķңԺʹᡣ
޿뿪Ϣ
ûţս¸漱ΪеĹĽս¡
ģԱ֮Ժ̡
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ʫվȻݺύ֯˺ۣһİ𪣬¶ۡ
û˻ᷢĲԡ
ڴŵľǻѣɫĲҡ
쳺ҪЩʲô㲻ס
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ڵݣֻһСС
쳺֮֮ȥĶѣ⣬ֻȻҲ
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ҲڡһҪĶĸס
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ʫӲӲάԼΡ
޳ܡ
Եһȴûκεİ취ȷˡ
ةΨһɵˣǸĸףôҲҪסԼļ塣
쳺˵֡
޿뿪ˣҲ˳ȥھڻʹ浱һֻ˿ȸʺλãô
ʫ֪ʺλӸǸģֻҪһλϣάŻʹѡ
á
оܾȨ
쳺˳ӵģº͵ЦЦֻĹ
ҪôҵĻֺαôĥ
ĸʵһֱڴ˿ڡʫǰ˾ħħҪ¡
ֻһ׮ʵѡ
ʫҲԸתתˣȻѾչֵز˶Ӳ
쳺ƵЦЦ
ľͺá
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쳺̵Ը񡣡ǿҪȥϼˡ쳺ڽϡδ޸Ϣ϶ȥɾ
ǧ㣬Ҳû뵽ǸʱȫԵ޿ǰ뿪ˣҲ֪ȥģȻȻȥ̫ʦ
ȻʱİĲ쳺ҲûϣĽ֡


638 һ

̫ʦܾöûôֹ
㿴ԼСԲһӯˣûСʱӰ
ҲЦЦȸָһ֪⶯һʼ׺ͳ㶼ס
֪ԼǵĺӣҸԼ޵ĳ۰ܵһͯ꣬ǡ
Ȼ𾴣İʵ̫㡣
㿴Цһ۵ӡ
Ե㣬ʱ䶼ˡ
̺޿һ𣬶Ƿ۪۪ܷܷ
һҺòȣе˶žǾͲһ롣
һ뵽ˣδ쳺ƭȷˣ
򿡺򺮶ʾԼ£Ͼ漰սм仹һʱʮг̡
¡㰲οȻôѣǶܹ˳ƽĶȹֺγأ
̾˵ĺеĻ̲סģţҲȷ⡣
û򺮾̲סİǻ
㿴Ҳǲɵܷܷ⺢ԺˣҪǸ۸ĻϽĸ˵
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ЩߵסԼ˵ôͨҲֻԶƤëѣǴĺ·
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˭ܹ뵽֮أżȻһᱻѩ
ҲߵԽԽãҵĶѾ׼ˡ
лл
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ӯӯų㣬ипǧ
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Сһ㣬չ˺֪֪
ĵ˵ͷܷܷҧݣƴĲԼ˳ǻȪӿ
Сһ㣬չ˺̣Ҫչ˺Լ


639 뿪

մҶǿ޳һšʯĳˣ˷ҪпһͥԶǷָ˵㺺͹ϵ
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ȻΪϵĴѩ׵ĶסݡҪ֧ԮӣȴΪѩɽͣ˲١
쳺ıͬ⣬ڶںʱܡ
㣬ŵ·ٰ̣ٶȥҪʮʱܹصϣԼѾȲˡ
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īˣûиֳ֪ʲô¡
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ǵĲǰӪկĵط
īһֲ԰ףϰĵط֪ʮ˿ڡ
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㲻֪Էһ仯ĪľʦīԼؿһʹǸĶ֣ʹҺĵǷƿ䲻ˡ
üͷû뵽콵ǰ쳺ıӦò֪ȻĻ鷿Ƕʱ䣬üչġ
֪Ǹ˵ĵϸ𣿡
īҡҡͷŷҲεĴǻ˵ʱ㲻ʦĪģֻıߣɵļϸ̽ӪҲûǸˡ˵
֪ޱȡ
۪۪һ𿴿˿ڡ
˳ʱ˽䱸״̬
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⹭ļͷ棬ŸʴĶأγĻת˺
ִҽѧ˵Ǽή
īţӦûôذɡ
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ҪĿģ㿴صƣһֱھûлظǲϳġ
ҪЩرƳȾҪͨѨ
޿һһһ𿾺õ롣
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۪۪Ҳѧ˲ٵҽƷʽʱĶæͿĨֻɫĸҩͿĨ˿ڵһɲǣ㷢
īʹĥ忪ʼ˾Ρ
޿ңҸ德ˣͰæһת
޿ͷ˵⶯ѣСۿʼ˶š
ǼѪЩսľѪȵϢıǼ⡣
˺¡


640 ͬ

ȵľӪ洫ĺ
Ķûκεֹͣ㿴һۣЩΪѷ۪۪
ˣȥϢһ°ɣʣ齻Ҿͺá
̴ݲȵķԸ
۪۪¶ĵ˵ͷ޿ȻЩǣһ˫ִҲ֪ԼҲҶѡ
ε̾һ̡
̣Сһ㡣ʲôҪǸǰæĻ֪ͨǡ
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磬ҪܵĻͽгɣгһ㡣
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īɴ˫ۣ졣Ѫ˿۾ӿ
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⸱ģƾǲ˵Щʲô
īڳĬš
ĶҲûκεı仯Ѫģ׵İѪſա
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صƳģϿһ£Щҩܺõġ
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á
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Сi֮󣬴˸ҩƷӷĽ
ú⼸һٸ翪һЩҩģҪǵðʱĳԣʣµ붼Ұɡ
˵ţһУȴһ˫֮Уڴűʹ
ͲΪҵĻ룬ᵽ䲻ҲѾ˺ܶȥɽѰңڻûټ
磬˵·ͻȻ鲻ҪȥԾǡ䲻ҲҪеκεΡ
ݲȵ˵ţʵ϶ڴҲԼ뷨
˵ãԴ˻гֵ
ʱȱȥˣû̽⵽ʵԼѩûͣ¡īһ۴⣬ëѩڲֹЪţݣ׼ȥ
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ͬԸһ֮дżеζ
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ҡҡͷҺúõ˵һ¸磬ĲܹԴУĿδһھӪš
ļƻһʼõϢ͹滮ˣȶģæչκīĲȻʣµ޹ء
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û£סҵġ
һһ˵Ŀ϶
ҹ޿κεĵ˵ͷԽദԽĸԣ˵仰ɲǼٵİɣΪˣǴ粽õġ
׼ˣֻȥɡ
ҹͬе˵
ī״ͷۣҪæú˵һµģôȫһ¡
ͲܰҺúõ˵ãʲôӣ֪֪ɽжôҪҶԷڰߡ
ȷ壬һжȥͺĻǾͲˡ
ѾҪһŵĻҲѡ
ҹ°Ըʼĩ
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ȥʲô£Ҫ֪
ҲѡһȥϣеκһˣҸ˵ѡ񣬺ûйϵ
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һ仰ļߡ
ҹ·ĵ˵ͷ
ˣǼҵӡīԼǳȰסˣֻܹεĵͷʾ˽⡣
һҪúõıԼʱһ˰͵ɽ档
һϾҲϣΪ˳ͷβķõԺ󣬲ĵҲһҩӡ
ʱҲҪ鷳ȥչ˸ˣһҪ
תüȥĴѩûͣĽ࣬ѩҪ϶
һƬװعͬ˲
뾿ڻ
ѾĴ㡣


641 һ·С

ҪȥɽϢˡ
۪۪޿ͬʶķԣǻ֮Ҳ˽һΪʲô
˵ΪԼİֵܹزȻ𾴣вᣬȴð
ŷȴʮͬ
īȻͬ㣿Ѿͷ֪֪ǰǸʲô
ŷѾʧȥ㹻ˣòܹʧȥˡ
үүûµġ̶ţǵɽ𺣣Ҳôȥүү㲻Ҫˣһúõģһ㻹ġ
Ȼ˵ģʵϾսս˼ôΪһС£أ
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ͬһӵϾ𺽡
ڵѩñ㹻ĸй֮ĶȴһŮӼҲǸǰУҪʲôôʲôô
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ʱһҪСΪϡ
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ĵ˵ͷȻ֮ǰرܵ飬һжȫµŮ񣬶ȴǸζ
һжոµģҲȥ
ҵȷҸˣҲ֪úòáεشͷѩµԽԽҵĶսʿӰ죬Ȼ˵֧ԮٵıӣҪɴԭѶϵܴ󡣡
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Һ츳ʦһֱЩŶݼ׵·;ж߸ңֻϵЩҵʦʵȻ֪ʶܹͬŶݼס
ߵǲͬɱһʵʵɣһʵʵʵɡ
̾ǲìܡ
ص˵ͷʾ޿󽲡
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ͬ˵ļᶨī˵ܹɽƼƳþٵʿԻ˵ģûмܹʦֱ֮һ
˵ʦֵĻҲϵ


642 ȥ

⿩нŵҲ֪⾿Ҫ϶òִܵյ㡣
̱۾һ˼·˵Щɽ·ˣĪӦúĪĹϵ
޿ЩشԼͳһŽɫǡ
һ˲ĿȥҲ֪ʲôɵģرûȴŴĵ
ʱ·ˣָʦҵ
ĬĬң
һĻ㵽ʱѣҲ˰ܹæ
ͣӳɽ˰ѩƮƮƺҪֱ񷡣
̴һ׼ʼɽ޿üͷú֡
ȻǱʹùԺĽɭûκε
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¡
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ܹһЩ۸ӵĽӡ
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Щ
Ǿ͸ȥӲĵط߿ɡ
ٵɽ·кܶڣЩӡŽӡš
޿;е㲻Ծ
⡣

ȥҲ֪ߵʲôʱǸͷЩɻ
ӡе⡣
޿µӰѩĽӡǺܿı仯һ̲Ѫˮƽѩءգգ۾֮ǰŽӡѩأƽͬһеúܺõİһ
⡭
̾ԼϵļƤҪˣʵ̫ڿֲ
Сiܷһ⾿ʲô𣿡
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ʵ
ûоﲻãûʲô¡
໥ĲվǸոմѩӡһƬڵľֲָ
ʯ𣿡
޿ϸϸѯš
̴Լţã˵ؾĽűߣӣ˻ܹսƴľ


643 Ļþ

ǵֻĲкƮ죬û̫ûйâֻܹʯɢССĹһС
޿һԵܵ⣬ֱӵİΣȡмԶһط˺ƲһССĻѡ
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޿εĴ
Сġ
û˵Ѿʧȥ̱ˤȥ


644 һ

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޿ס֡
סһ̵һʯͷȱ֤ûˤȥԼһ̵档
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뱻˿ŻǸ𣬶ǻ¶˲ʣٵ˿ڽŨ衣

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˼ج֮оѡ
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ߵ㾳ء
ˡ
ɫȻóء


645 赭д

峿⻹ĵ¡
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תɫ԰һƬ֪ûô򵥡
ʲô
Īս飬һεսڱصãΪʦã֪ôЩ
ʦͬţЩһС
ЦĽΪ֪һУʸܹϤһС
̽ӹֽϸĶƬ̣ʵ˵ĻҪһǰߣСӹҼңûô򵥡
ȻеĻ
ȴͶݸһֹı顣
黹ûнôôɣ
ĬĬš
ؿţ˵ȻˣҲδһ£֪֪ˣܹսʤ
Ī޿Ϥʵ໥ƺأǱ˴˽⣬Էס
޿ĵǳЦһ
ȷûдȻս˵Ԥս쵽ˣǲܹи
Ƶһǿ϶޿ƮƮȻصͷ
ζı˸
˼
˵ǷӿģҲ˲µʲôԼҲûж˵
޿뿪ıӰɶд⣬Ű߸ԼٻƬ̵Ļᡣ
ĪҪЩʲôʵ̫˽ˡ
ķ羲ĴţȻԼԡһƬѩ֮ϡȴܸ̹ܵǣէһƬƣ֪ʵ̫ãѩҲ֪ô
򺮶˶磬Ŀ⣬ࡣ
ôˣ
Ե򺮣ͷ۵ĳ˵֪ϲ޿֮ǰҪһİȫ
⣿һţû뵽ȥ֪𣿡
޿Ҫ֪ɾ˼ˡ
ȻţԼֵܵģҪæ˵֮ǰںô޿Ҳ֪ԭԭ򣬲
ĬƬ̣ҲΡ
ƢСҲ֪ģǸӵģʵʲô鶼ϲԼ
̵˵ͷ
ԼҸҸԼˣ϶Ҫúðλᡣ
Ǿͷ˰ɡ
ֻѩ֪ʲôʱŻͣһ£ûʧ˼
򺮳̾һ
Ҳ֪ѩʲôʱŻֹͣȻӪϢ죬쳺ľѾƽ¹˼죬Ҫٴһ˾͵ģǷܹ֧֡
һ㵹öൣġΨһĵڵ㣬˶
ҲԴеģһΪã쳺ڣľ˶˵ԭ֮⣬һ˭Ҳ֪
ΪĽ
򺮶ԴΪȻֻз
ҪԤϵľͺˡ
ȴգˮĴ۾Цݡ
ոæͿˣһ£ʱ˵Ͷ൱쳺Χһ㲻
ѵǺ֪ı˵ѣ
򺮸ղ޽ִܹΪǵԮҲǱ쳺ʿ
ȻĻЩڴ


646 ȱ

Ӫ֮ɢ֣Ϣ
̲ûţץסʱָ֮Ա
ƲأЩʿҲȻֻһЩƤˣʱ˳򣬻ıսʱսһ
ʱҲοʿ
ôˣúøϽϢܵ
أζԡ
ֱ֣һڡ
ⲻǵһ𡣡
۪۪ʱҲԼãæ£ͬĺԱǣǵ˿ڣιҩ
ҹͬʱҲûš
̽ס˫ȭģûʹá
Ͳ֪ж֡鲻ԽĴε΢Ц۪۪һ߹ơ

һ˵ţһ˲ٵʿǵע
ЩεͶһʾ֣롣
ס֡
Ҫ̶Ļڶ֪ˡ
˵ڵ֮УȫĶỺͣġ
ʿҲǿʼ塣
ٵʿǻǵף
̵Ϊߵɫһ졣
۪۪ԹϵģֵԽԽ
һѰԼĻУ
ڻǴ֮ͥ¡
⻰˵ֵزǳԡ
ĵ˵ͷûж˵
á
۪۪һȻæ˵ĪǺˣ
ǺߣǡɫѾһ룬ʵûʲô˵ˣһҲʿǿǲͬѰһ棬Щ
ʵѡһǴĥġ
ա
ѩƺҪİһеǷ紵ȥȴ޷ֹʿԾԾԵ顣
ҹھӪ渺𰲸顣
ŷҲ£һҩһЩҪЩȫҺˡ
ǸָĿʯԭǰ
ûҩľ飬Щܹļֵڽϳڻмλ֮ǰʿ
εĻᾫĵİ취Ȼ˴ϣܹæΪݵĻҩ
ŷϿæǰæӣҲۻˡ
ҡҡ֣ѩģʣҲ֪ѩҪµʲôʱĺ֮ǰսĵطһĻǰȥ»⡣
Դ˷
ŷϲûж˵ֻܹ֤ܵİѽս·ߣԼķƶ
쳺ڣ׼
ĪǱؼһҵĳʲô£Իҩƿ̲ݻ
ʱϢҲǴ˹
߽޻ˡ
û档̶ЩѵˣӰԼǰƮȴδ
̫ˣܹܹǺܴİǸϽȥ
˵Ŀνһ²
ŶķѩԽԽ
ε̾һ
СһЩ캮ضġ
̻ĵ˵ͷ֣Ϊˤ
ٳȴûκνŵϢǸһĨྲ
޴ʮ˽ϳȴ̺룬¶һĨ泩΢Ц
̫ˡ
˴˳ţޡֱӵ˰ȻҲһ
ǻʲô飬һҶˣֻҪǺúõıǺ¡
޵ִ֮Ũضɷָã
鷳Ҳû鷳ֵز
ϳǵĴѩȫסһ·ȻʮʨΪܹܲ׵֮£Ҫһʺš
ô
̾⸱ģЩ֡
ǵġ޷ִһȴûܹɵ£ڵܹܲ׵ЩʿǸǰӪկ
˵ú̹ϡ
ǿ㲻ʲô飬ġԼظүү򡣡
һͱеĶҪһЩˣֻҪʿǣɵĽУ𣬰ǰúá
ŷ֮ǰĹҲڴ˿̷ЦҲЩʿ෴Ǹơ
һεսǷֵʲôǺõģʲôǻġ
̰̽һ⣬а˸ߵѩԶŵͼȴɵĴ
ҲڵĵʱսζǼ䲻飿
ˬʵĿŵͼȻҲԼ뷨
һӣһԲȦ
ʵûҪڣܸ԰߷ŵøԶһ㣬֮Ļæ


647 һ·

Щ˵Ҳ򵥣˵Ҳѡ
ͷչ飬ʱ⻹ǴҴ档
΢̾һ
ī岻ݴǵǰߣȻ£ȴ޷ֹļ
۪۪ۿľս˵ѩûκͣЪ˼ǰߵľѾֱ
̾
˲һ
ͷ۵վ
ôˣûʲô£
޿ҽ˵ѯߣ֮ǰѾЭ飬ǰ巽Σ͵һΪ˱֤ǵİȫǵĪʲô顣
Ҳŵãôˣ
ҸоЩε΢̾һҧŴ˵֮ǰ̫ˣû¡
ԼιһŰԵСҩ裬Ѷã׼װ
۪۪Ҳûаʲôæ
޿ס֣һһ˵ļУһĳʲô飬һҪǣһ˳ǿ֪֪
Цһ
ҵȻģġ
Լĵص㡣
·̱ȽϿ㣬ɽ·͵ֱҪࡣ
޿һЦǽƿ֮С
ĿԶȻûпڵľʿѾӪպõߵīӡ
ƯӭƮš
ֻǸԶͬǸߴʤ
΢̾һ
Ҫʲô
޿һɽͣ൱ڰһĵطﾰ֮
Ҳͬǰһ㣬һڶһɽϡ
ȻĻҵøϽ߸ǡ
渵ɵĽš
ҪȥĻҿ϶øһȥʱضᷢ仯ģҲһ
޿˵ţ֮УҲܹ׵ķԼ顣
ǵһʲôĻ»ɴ
ĪǸôԸˣˣһĳ˸̵Ļһǡ
ÿһ仰˵Ľɱ˪ǳĬĺۼǶԴſɬķա
Ȼ׻˵úã֪֪˷ܹսʤͬҲã˴˵Ϥⶼ໥ģûܹױ֤ܹԶԷų뷨
֪ô죿
ȴûȷ㲻ᱻĪռ
ҿɲȥһ
ΪӺɷôһ˴Сȥðա
ͬΪѣ˭Ҳġ
磬Űɡ
ŵ̧ͷ
޿ͬĻѶȥȽ׵סζҪӪأʿȻܹ赲ǣĪ˷ɷĻǳ뻯Ļһĳ˸ʲôĻ͸Ͻڡ
ӿڴͳһɫĿڡ
ѩ֮ɢŹ
Ҳļ򣺡ౣأ硣
һ˵ţ˱ֱӵ뿪
ͷҲء
һѩ氲߸ߵţССĿڣɵľЩ䡣
ˮұеҪѣڵˮѾӲĳ˱
̺޿ǵĿĵؾҲԶ·ȴΪԽԽѩøӼѡ
ѩͣ׷ˣѩ޼ɵĴš
̸ܵ˿һɹĶʱʵ޿ǲʲô⣿
ĻﻹûƮɢȥͷ飬ߵ޿֪ʲôʱʧˡ
ʣһޱ߼ʵѩţʱܹõĪ֡
֮ǰ顣
Դڸʱȴһͳľ
裡
̶Դ˲Ƿ֤ԼûǳĬ
ܻ飬ѾˣԲ
ܹѩֵһĨССӰ
̾һԽǿ϶νĻ룬;Խס
罥Ĵܵ˴֫ݵһĨů⡣
ǰţȴһĨ㤵ʵ
ΪʲôҪңΪʲôҪɱң
Ǳ˿·Σ϶Ҫ˵
ɡζ
κ˸Ӽ㣬˶Ҫϡ
㣿
СؿһۣȷĶӣһ޵٣Ҳ
ΪʲôҪңΪʲôҪңҲϲΪʲôҪΪʲôأ
ӰϲķԼʡ


648 Ͻ

һ𣬴һɵˡ
絶ĿȻѾԶ뿪ǿƵĻӰ鲻Խظֳ˵ģ
һһΡ
ҧԼ侲ֱҧһССƶӿȵѪҺ֮󣬾¶һ
֪ģǽ
ǣǻӰԼԽԽССģ˸ɻĿ⣬˸ţ·ʾʲô顣
ΪʲôҪң
鲻Խһ
̾ûش𣬺һûж˵
ڵĵ֮ǻشӰṩ⣬Ҳ
Ҫ뿪þҵ޿
Ҫ顣
ѩХϣЩı֮С
̵ϵóЯĴʯҪȵȼѡ
ǿѩġ
Ӱûж˵ЩʲôɢˣڵƮš
˳һ˹ȥȻεһЩŵ£ããĴѩƺҪĻڸסԽ㣬Խ϶Ѿܹνѩġ
뷨㼫ٵжվֽű䣬ΨлΪΨһĹ
ڱѩޱ߼ʵѰţԼΪģѻѷѩ֮ϣѸٵ죬Դѩˮڵ
ϵģվĵطѸٵıһССĶӡ
ͷܹɫء
ٶ̧ʱ򣬾ܹѾԲµ޿
ǻһĨѪ
̸ϽˣһƬΪ˻ԣʧȥůµʱԵĻԡ
֪ѽ
ԶԶܹ
̲ȷԷǵѣ˵ѩ֮С
ϾǰŵģҲ֪ö㵽ȥһ
һƬããѩԷһܹԼҵ뷨ûгõ͵͵
̣ҵûôǱ
Īа˸߲ҵĸ߰бĿ
һ̧ͷһë׵ĽüãģȻԤϡ
ǹҵİɣ
Եĺһ
Īаȴε˵ʵ㲻ʲôҪ£ҪԱߵλСҵҪģȻҪġ
ѵЩͷʹ˵ġĪ«ʲôҩҲףԼĵܵܺƫִ˵ҪʲôҪʲôûа취ξܾ
˵͸
̲Ϊ̧ͷһۡ
㲻Ҫ롣
޿ڻԣδô׾ٵذ˽ȥ
ѩţӦš
ĪаһľǿģͳЦЦָ˵ʶΪܣˣҶù㣬Ҫ̲Ļͱˡ
֮гвͳ
̻ҡҡͷЩʲô΢Цһĸ߰
ʲô˲ģ
ƺЦڳĪаڻ֮еԡ
Īаûйϻֱӵ
ۼֿ죬ûиܾأֱӽһСɫҩ趪˳ȥ
ɲǴ̼ԵҺϡ
ĪаܹܵʹȻⲻǽǿʼ
ǱϷһĿڴ廨űɫĶҩ㷽ҵǳõʱֻһɫСƿʱ֮仮˿
һɱɵϢ
˵Ȼû¡
ĪаܹŵһɢŵϢ˼͸оԼķβжٻһ
ҲĶҩĶҩûʲôǼЧ졣
ץסᣬ׼ֱӵƾʮа˾Ŷܲģñ˵Ĺߡ
Īаһۣû뵽Ķغ֮ǰȸӵľտڷʤֻܹĿ̴ų˯޿
ֻǶ֪Ҫȥ
̱̾һ
޿ڻûѣֻܹƾż͵ͼĴŷλѸٵ뿪
Īаס·ߣȴһʻֱԷûУڿԼıӰ֮ŵתȥһط
׼һصĶѨȰ˻ѣȻ׼
ī뻹ǰߵȴҧǿɫѾһƬ޿ʱ֮Ϊѣάȡ
ܷ޿һиָôأ
úܿҵһССĶѨ˴ȥϽĻ˶Ѩ׼Ķ
޿ĳ˯п֮ܺǰĻþͬ


649 

Сiһ㣬Ѱҩҵ
һʱ·
Сiϡ
ССҩ裬˵޿֪ڲҩ裬ǻֱӶϵȻİҺ
Ҳʵûа취еİ취
̿ɫһ԰ףòҵһЩǸ֦˻֮СģϵԼĶѨ档
ѩƺģİꡣ
΢̾һһҪֳʲô鷳ʹˣûʧ
޿ڳ˯֮Уε̾һ֪ӦôѩҵƣֵĪа׵ưոݡ
뷨Ҳܹ²⵽ҪЩʲô
̴Ƶ̾һԼѹ
СiһԺ졣
˱ģոѾ̽һ״á
һ˵Ҷپúһ㣬Ļ
̳Ĭ̾һûж˵
ɽ
ѩƺΪҹɡ
ѾӪկǸԶԶԷɽܹȡ
ͬҹû˯
̶ںòã
ţȴܵһ޶˵⡣
ī˳һǵģεҡҡͷ
ˣҲԼ뷨ʱͳһ棬Ϊ̫ᡣ
īúܿԼгΡ
Ҳǵߣܹȫ
΢̾һҸģĪȥǡ
ͬðյľٶԸգɲϣеյ̡
ʵ̫ðˡЩڣƣ鵴֮Уܹ㾳أϣҪմȾЩǷǡ
Ȼ˵ģ֮Уκ˶ܵѡ
ԽףԽ֪ԼӲģ΢̧ͷȻִ
һսܿʿڣǵ𽥵ı
īܹԼĪĴսҪʼ
ǱҪסǰ·īԴȻģʱǷһСɽ󡣡
ɽ·Ӳϣǽϳһ߹棬Ҫܹȵϣ͵ܹ֮ս֮жȡͷ
ͬԴ뷨ڱҰʵֵʱ̡
ĵ˵ͷ
á
ɫܽŨ޵ĻΪһ㣬ھǼ·֮棬ɫ𣬹ţǻȴͬˮһĳʪ䡣
һ񶼲һɫɫǣɢŹԡ
һĨɫӰ£ѣĳɫŻ򿴲ٵĻΪһɫˡ
ɵϸʱ򣬱ܹľ˵漴һ̾
𻨽Ŀή
Ī⽥ʧĻ𻨣εҡҡͷ
ʱµı򿪡
쳺ѩ˶ʱĪЩʣĺˡ
вʣ
ô죿
Īĵ˻𻨣һ֦Ȼ֦˻棬ʱӿ
̣е˼Ȼƿ˱һһľ֣֪ģҪ˿ɲ̡
쳺֪ʸԼ棬˵ҧģĻҪЩʲôֻ֤ҪһεսܹľӴӮ
쳺Ϣ˵֪ΪʲôֻΪƽҲ֪һսڱġ
ϵĵλԽ֮׵ı˹˵Ļ޻֮ռֵĵλľֻƲɵҪڵסǵĽڱǡôʱ
ôĻĵģô
ƽֱĻȴĵĳͬڲݴ棬ʱضпܽһĶߡ
ĵźӣ·ڵ˷Ļᡣ
ĪͷβŪԼߵһֽ֦һССİɫĵӵݸ
쳺ԡ
Ƕһϲɽ
򺮡
Īһã޴ģûκϲ֮Уֻǰÿһֶ¶üʡ
򺮻һõĿܡ̾ôĻҲܹĿԼȥɡ
֮лһĨ
쳺֪뷨ס˵ӡ
һеıʹ˴ӽտʼԣʵ
ķںХ·Ǵı
ҪеķˮȰ


650 

ΡΡһֱš
֪ΪʲôխɽѨ֮Ļ̻յûɵı
΢̾һֿһ˾ǻԲѵ޿
ִѧ㣬˯ʱԽ黹ĿԽԽֻܹͣƾ¶ȣ΢϶š
̾Щۣ֪˯
Īа֪᲻֣Ҳ֪᲻ҵκεĿҶ޷ƵģҪ֤Լúúõġ
ֱɫ
̶üꤵġһԼ棬һĳԵġ
ûʣµһ𣬿ɸɵĳţѩһЩľĶѾˡ
Ϊѡ
Լһʱȴ޿ûѵĻ͵ڶ·ˣܹٵȥˡ

СöѨһۣȴһϤ·
Īа·Ҳйơ
ϽͷǷֺ滹׷
ڽ水ֻһֻۣɫӰںڡ
һŮӼѩ·ıš
ŲôʻǱ˱Ƶ˾֮С
ȴؿĻƣԽȷԽǾú¡
Īа
ֿһۣҲĪа
һѩصǧﱼϮȴ˶
ֻźɫµŮͶ·һԾ¡
̿һĺɫǩ
Ѿȷ˺ĪаܲɷֵĹϵǶڡ
ſҡ
̾ԼܹԴС
˵һĻͶһƷ
Ӵ
˻ûʶʲôɫ̾Ѿߡ
ץסˣסŮ֡
ߡ
׾ʲô飬ͷԵľͱ̴ˮ֮ӭŹ
ǣ
ĪɴȻ֪ʲô飬ܹԼˡ
òװԼȻˡ
˵͸Ͻܡ
Ҳǳصģ̶̵ĶȻĶгٻ赲סҪסǵĹ
ּѸٵĽһۺɫСƿӶ˳ȥĶҩ
Īɴ޲֪ʲô顣̸ϽһСҩ衣
Ͻĳˡ
˵ĺ档
ĪɴҲ֪ⶫʲôѹϽҩˡ
һĨɫӰ׵Ķѩ棬һ˴˶Ѩ
Īɴ˼
̿⸱ģεĸһҩ衣
ǣ
ĪɴΪղŵľٶ˳ֵΣʵ
̡
˵ţȻת޿ĺת֮ǰȸӵ˵һжõķչһ
ԭ̣
Īɴ޲ŵĿ
ѵʶң
̺һϸȷһ϶ʶԷ
Ҹ羭㣬Ҷӡ󡣲ô⡣
ĪɴһĿ֮ǰŰ¶®ɽĿ
ͬǿһɻı顣
˭ҿɴʶ㣿
̰ڳһɵģ
ĪɴҪ֤Լɲʲôˣ֣˵ҸĪаɱʲôˣǸһ㶼ϲ
˵ɥ̾һҲ֪ô˵ĬĲٶ˵һ仰

̴Ŷû뵽ȻĪаãһɫļ£Żܹµʲô飬
νǺõ˼㣬ÿζܹ顣
Īɴ޿һۣһۣڻԲѵ޿
ʲô𣿡
ҲԸϣµʲô¡
ʱҲǲ棬Ρ
Ҳĸ˵³ҲǱ
ĪɴһССĻھǷ˵ֿһ㣬ѻ¶档
Ƿʲô
ʲô
˵ɻˣֻĪɴͣһ޹ּ䲻ˬ
ĻھͲᱻȼ޸һȳӡԶֻ棬ֻһ书Ĺ߶ѡ
һ˵һҪ˲ǸǴǻһӵݣӵٻȴѡĿԶûУ񲻿Ц𣿡
ŭȴ޴ţ֪ǺãֻǳǳǳЦЦЦݲ԰ޱȡ
޿ʱϵĶ΢΢ͣ
ˡ
ץסģĺ֡


651 õı

ĵƹϡ
޿ѵĺܿ죬ֻǳǳ̧
̶˵ס֣ܹܵ¶Ѿøů֮ǰȻͬ
ʵĸо΢и
Īɴһ⸱ģپЩ֡
һֲõԤȻûж˵
ȿȡ
޿ҵĿԵļ̧̣֮ͷ˼һʵⲻǻþ𣿡
һ˵ţһǰĵ˵ĪɴޣĪɴ޸ܵɻ󣬷ֹ˵Լεʼ
ⲻǻþ
֮ǰĲѾıϡ
޿ȻǱĪˡ
Լ֮ǰıӵݵߡ
ϽԵ㶫ɣ뿪
˵֮󣬷źָ֮Īɴ޲һ䣬Լڵֻһ£ãĸ磬Ӧò˶೤ʱͻҵǡ
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ĪɴͷĿѣò״ֻ˳ȥڡصޡ
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εҡҡͷ
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Īɴ޿һ±֪Ƿ˾ţ֮òײŴĳ֮˳
лú˵ҿɺĪаûʲôϵҪΪڻңأǡ
һ˵Сﻹеί
Īɴ޴û뵽ĪԼ
Ҷ磬Ҳʦ֡ĪɴίͰ͵ܵߣҪȷȻû뵽ҶҲǸҳʱҸ͸ҵ˵յĹЧ
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ġ
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Īɴ޺һûж˵ʵ֤һС
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ԵҵѪҺ
Īɴ˵һǧŵģеĲŶ˿϶
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Ȼ£ûа취


652 ǰĿĵ

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ջǾѰߣƾѩȥһԡ
޿֮ǰԼ飬ǲǲ̫ˣŪСڴͷɥġ
һܡ
Īɴ֮ǰ֪
ǡ֪ˡ
ô
̻ͷһۣͬΪıɲȷĪɴǲǻԼʲôţһжö֪
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֪ҪЩʲôЩҶ֪
Īɴ֪ԼһУڶù̧磬Χ
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ҪŵĻ͸ŰɣҲ㡣
ƺЭˡ
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Īɴ޺ĪĪаеĹϵϵڴʱ˿̾һʱըʱսԵв
ڶһ
ûȥӪǾӪݲ㡣
жĪɴȻǱǸΧ֮С
Ͷǻ𣿡
ٰε˵š
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Īɴ޶ֱòװѻᶼˣѵ˻ץס
̿⸱ģӡΡ
ȻҪǵĻô͸ŰɣҲҪˣĴɲô򵥣˵ܹлŵϣ
䷳ĵظһ顣
ĪɴǾ޼ҿɹˣ˵ѹͷһɲûԼܹȥ˭
ѾµнزĽҶԸܡ
ȻȻ̤һ·̣еĸӼš
ѩңһʰơ
΢̾һ
Īɴϴᱡļ£ⶬѣҪ֮ǰ̸ҩ裬ܹ¶ȣڶҪӲĲѩ档
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֮ǰɶһ㶼ϤΪûа취
·齻ûʲôġ
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ĪɴϣԼܹһ㣬ֻЩҩҲûõģջ˳˯֮С
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Ӫɽһޣûʲô𣬶ããİѩһڸǵɫɫҲ⡣
һֱǰߣŻһ·
޿ᶨĸ˵š
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ʱȱˮڸΨвĵĺ磬·ڶϽѹ㲻Ҫ
ǲ֪жã·ʱ䶼Ҫٽģ֮£㿴һĨ߸ߵĻ棬ӿš
ڻԱǡ
̻û߹ȥѵصƵ˵ΧסǣһҪѯʸȻ
ҲԤϵ죬ֱӵͳһնӵ֤ͨЩʿǿλεƣ漴ǵ˵ͷûж˵ͷſͨС
޿ǵĺ档
̻Ϣܿ촫˾Ӫ󲿷ֵ˶Ƕӡģ˵ģֻҪ˵֮ǰķṦΰò˶ߡ
֮ǰһֿѩĦ֮±һˣǶٻͬ顣
̸ϽıסʵôоѾˣǲǷʲô飿
׻˵úãңڿǰ仰ӵ˼¡
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īһԼεĿ˼
ðѵǾһ˺𣿡
ҡҡͷûⷽ롣


653 

˵ˣɲҵ뷨ǸԼԺģи̸Ҳûϵ
赭дһ仰߳
ʵ˵š
ȴĺŮӣǱſϡ
ô£
޿Ҳں棬һѩѾڻѩˮ
ǻȻ·˵ɣȥĻ˶ȾϷ纮ġ
ŮǻϸһЩ˵Ļе
īȻҲŮõѣǣǺʵĴް˵ϱůģҲ˲ʲôÿˣֻҪů;ˡ
ĪɴҲһ˫Ϊʵ·ķԱߣȵˮһһͿĨֱ֫ůͿ
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쳺ĪаѾЭ飬ȻĻ޷Ϊʲô·Īаġ
ңĪĪаֵܹϵ
޿æĲһˮоԼů֮࣬дƣ
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δԼˮڽշǷãˡĵ˵ͷ֪ûеס
ĻбҪȥһЩȥæ֧Ԯ
īĲӡ
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Ҳ㻹ǺϢһ˫ˮ֮УžĹϸӹȥʯ쾪֮УרҵӦýǸרҵöϣѩ浢˶ٵʱ䣬·ˣǸǵĻܹӸЧĹȥ֧Ԯ
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ӪΪƬĻߡ
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˭Ҫī˵ĿɾһżɽֻҪڽ˾ӪҪʲôĻҲÿ
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Ҳ֪ôģĪɴȻЩޣίĿ̡
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̵һӦī۸ˡ
ô˸磬ǲ۸ˣ
Ӧ˵š
īԼǱ΢
ôĪԼӾͺͱͳһսߵˣû¾ΪʲôĪɴ޿޵ĿνһӿȣνһŮ޳ǡ
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Īɴޱ̣ҡҡͷЩ̹ϣֻ̹棬һãȻ
е˶ôأ
ֻҰˡһ˵ŻһߺӣĹۿĲֻǶңʲô취أ
š


654 

תתֻһѡ
ûϣǵȰ˵ҲֻܹԹԵĴھӪ
Ҳֻǰľ¸漱ţʿ־Ҫ¡
̿ЩۣҲûж˵ֻƾʱţܽԼ΢ڲͬĵطϸһ뼦һЩвҩ
īЦ˵ԼˣҪΪĻԼû
һ߿εĽͣƾʱȥ
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˵֮ǰսһߵĻڣ뾹һƾ֮С
ŵͼֻΡ
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ôˣ
Ц绨ľ΢һ
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Ҳ֮أЩǱͺܿģˮ֮ˣս֪ʲôʱǸͷǵĳֻдС
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ī̽һڱ壬ȴҡҡͷ
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īĵ˵ͷ
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ͷȫı֮Уɱ
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ǰƽʱĹõķ˶˹⸱ģ鲻Խѯһ
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ѯ߼оݡ
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֮ǰľ֣һûô򵥡
޿ͬԻɿһʿﰵһãһֽ


655 ˭û

ǣ
ѯš
Īôı£ҲԲܰǺʮһþ֮У˺֡ǰǴþ棬ЩʿǼٵġ
渵ķһ
ĲɵýһΪ¶ں
Ļûôôˡ
ȻҲԼ뷨ʹʩ
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ĥһ㣬ֻʱܹ
Ǹûжʱ䡣
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Ļҷǲ֪ô졣
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ҲֻڱˣĵСֶΣȴӦԡ
ĺһ
ĪֶȻƲȥȴֶοƵʵʵ취Ҹȥġ
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˼Ƭ̣˵Ϣ棬ڳ˯˹
Īɴ޿Ǽ˰ԼΧסģԼʲô˲õĴæ˰֣Ʋ˹ϵ
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ĪɴһãȻգգ۾޿޿ļ򣬳ǿ϶ص˵ͷ
ˣҲڡ
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Ҳģֻһڻþ棬ҵķʲôԾ
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Īɴ¶һȿ޻ѿЦݣ֪Լжôùˡ
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ЦĿνһꡣ
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ĪҲԲһôѧþΪ̫Ϥˣ˼ȥܹӴͬʱܹĪԣ³Ĵž֮ǰʧ
ĪɴԵЩΪѣҧŴͷ˵ܰɡ
ȴ˵øֱ׳
ûʲôܵģΪǿԲŻ飬пܽӴýˣ۽ôȥһԡ
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޿пǹߣǶԣڻþҵҲ¡
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ţ
Īɴһ˵һ߹ԹԵ˹ȥڶһϵƣҲû취پܾ


656 ƻþ

Ȼ׶Էͼʲô
Īɴǻǳ񣬹ԹԵԼ֡޿һɫˮָĴһ£ϱһ˿ڡ
ӣɫѪҺӿֻһκˮӴȻˮڡ
޿ŵѯʣ㻹ǵʲôӵ𣿡
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Īɴ˵ĺԣѾ֮ǰȥʧЩʣǶԴ˻
ֻ֮£ˮ˶ĿĹһʱһߣͷǣ𴦡
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ͬʱڸѡ
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īڴ󲿶ӵ渺Ҳĳʲô¡
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ˡ
޿ûܹôˣ˻գգ۾ʾʲôҸ֪
⸱ģΡ
Ҳûʲô¡
ֻ޿䣬Ѹٵڿдʣ֮ǰµƮڿ֮һȻѺɫˮ˳ȥˮںһ
ûе϶ãˮڱѩ֮Ѹٵڣٶȵ۾֮ʱѩѾͣˡ
˶ſ档
ڻˣ
Īɴܵһˣ˳
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뿴һ۵ͼֿһȻʵþȻ෴ɽǰ··
ֻǵһȺѹѹʿ
ϤƯš
ͬĺ棬ȴһ˫ض
ĪЦһھӵǰ棬δ̾ȻܹôĴӻþ֮
Ƕ֮ʱһֻëյĶԼëȻ˵̵ļϡ
Īɫһ
̶û뵽ôĳ֪ġ
ʲô
˵š
ͷһۣҲ꼫ҡĳҡҡβͣƺڵȴǵĿ佱
ǽˡ


657 ӿ

ֻë겻֪оͳΪ˾ӪһĲõķ羰ߡ
̿Լİë꣬Ҳ֪ԼԼ֡
޿ĽҪ
㣬ǲ֪ë꾿жѽǿĻأҶĽôֻϲ˻ûʲô
νĽĽ
ĵĵ˵ͷûʲô˵ȴ˺꣬ͻȻըë
ǣ
ĳķ㣬ָϽǻޱȣҲ֪ʲô顣
̶ЩãȻ޴롣
޿ըëƮƮҡҡ֣ϣҪ롣
ûʲôҪȥʳˣ֪ûϲԵĶ
ͿźǣȹڡҲǲɵľú档
ߣëҡβ͵ӣܾԼʾһ㡣
С껹е˼
һ˫ͫԼܸܵЩĲʡ
ô
̿һֹģʵ
Ҳʲô飬ֻǾе˼Һһȥɡ
꼫件ѵЦţƺҵʲô
Լͷ
滹֮ǰ⿵ļûк꣬Ӧϲɡ
֮ǰŵ飬ҲΪСͻȻֶһɨա
𼱻ǵܵ棬ʣ»ûİ
ŵζս˹ıԵᡣ
Ĳ˵һܱ֤Լ⿵Ķζ
üȻûйڴŵζϽĺ
޿û뵽ô̰ԣЦ˼һԲ˹ȥ
ֱ굽ԼĶӶȵԲԲģſϣ˯
һССĲǴ˲ٵϲá
̳һû̫뷨õĽʽȥɡ
ĳ̶ֳϳΪ۵Ŀգûа취
Ƕס棬ŵͼ
ͼдķĪԽԽһսעܹġ
ȷȥԼ뷨ӦԵĻǸǵĶ֣һԴӶ֡
ԣһܹİ취ûгء
ӪУȻڰص㶼ǵϣʱ˶ĿȥѸˡ
˵һ
īͬĶ޳뷨
ȻĻϸȫһ£Һ󽫾ȥָǵעǸô
һĽʽ
ЦЦĵ˵ͷԻ
Ļ·Сġ
īļҲϣܹСһ㣬ϾҲǺҪһϢϢء
벻Ȼ̲ݻѡһ
ֻڵĵطﻹЩǰɽ·ģȥĻҲġ
ī¶Լĵĺǡ
Īɴ޴˸Ƿ˽
ҪǹȥĻ˵ܹҵﻹҳԣܹǡ
һ²ġ
ɡ
ī뷨
ûô򵥣ֻ֪ʲôӣһʼ׼á
ֲεĸо̫ˬˡ
Īɴһ䣺ǻʲôңҿǴǵݿǱ۳ĵϤˣڴѩããģǾܹ֤ҵ·ȷģķʱˣ
ѵ¶Լ뷨
˵ĺܶԣİĻǵȷܹ°빦
֪ȻлɣҲܹǷǲְ
˼ĵ˵ͷ
ĻҲñ·ŲͬĿǰš
ī޿ΪһӣҪȥһǰߡ
ȻԷƴЦ硣
޿΢Цûκεĸı䣬ããĴѩɿڵӰ
Īңңţ֮ǰ˦ߵĪа
û뵽һ֮ѡ޿գգ۾ȴû뵽Ȼлľӳڴ˾µĻƽףƥǰ֮ӳϤӰ
쳺䵭Ŀ֮дŨصĺ⡣
޿֮ǰֵǵĿڣ䲻һûпȻȻ޿ˡ
û뵽Ȼͨ飬ѵǻ𣿡
Ҳ֪仰ܹܲҡģ˵̹ϡ
īҲû뵽Ȼͺ飬ûô򵥡
쳺ڳǲٵİʾ
̫⣬˸ô졣
ѩ䣬ϡ


658 ǰŮ

˵һѾȷ˷̵ˣĶҲǸĿ죬Ƕʱˡ
΢̾һ׼õҩģ֮ǰЩСźãֱӽ
ĪɴȻΰڵʱ򣬶˵Ⱦһ飬Ǿǣ׼ô޵·ԼĻ
û취䡣
뻳ɵĿⷴţʲô顣
ֻǺ䣬ഩһ㣬ѵⶼҪܡ
ǿίˡ
Īɴ޴ûԼôù£Ҳû취
εЦЦûж˵ʲô
뿴⸱ģ֪Լ֮ǰˣûа취飬Ϊ仯ֻܹȥˡ
ѩƮµһνԡ
ʧããѩɫ֮У·Ҳǰ㡣
յͼǵʾҪɽ͡
󷽲ܿνࡣ
ǵʱɱ𱻱ˣûѣһʼҿˣԼòš
˵ĿνһսľС
̲ԵĿҲûоܹ뷨
Ƿʲô飬ôµ𣿡
ѯһֻĪɴޡ
ֻǾú֣ҺǶһҲҵĸǾʲô飬ԣ̫Щŵ
ⱲεһΣЦһֽ֮ԼķֵЩ⻺¶˳
֮ǰʱҲҪǻŲ·ȻǡÿǱߵ𡣡
˵Ŀνһš
ʱͷҪԣҵǷﲻǵʿĲӡ֪˭£Ƕһݣʲô顣
Ⲣ֣һ
ĪаĪγ˵鲻ˣǱҲǺĳԼҲûбҪԱ˿
ԭˡ
̾һҡҡͷѯʵ㻹ǲǵݲֿж˰֣رĻ»鷳
Īɴҡҡͷ
ҵǵúûжˣոǿһа취ġ
ǹȥٻֵģµʱɱҲһ顣
Ĭ
˳ŷѩӪɽ·һ˲˹ȥû̫ʱ䣬ܹɱ
̲硣
֮ǰһֱ˯ĺ꣬ں֪˦˦βͣļϡ
ôˣ
ͷ˵ĶöԵĻϽæֱӵһѻָˡ
Ȼֻ飬ɾûס
ļ
ôˣ
ʼ硣ԼܾɣԼﶼá
ҲԼ
ȻĻ֮˸ĹҲʲôõ顣ϾźǵҲܹǲٵæ޿ȲҲ˵˵ǣ˵ܺá
ķνһоݡ
ĪɴҲϣԼܹһ㡣
òһɽܹһɽɽ¾쳺ıǲЩأ
ҹɫĳ
˸
΢̾һûж˵ЩʲôҪص֪ĻС
Īɴȹʾš
ǲֱӴȥһֱܹӵĵݵĵطǵ󷽣ʱʱˣǸʱнࡣ
һ˵š
Ǿ֮ǰΪʲôҪشԭ
ȴѯһ⡣
˵ΪʲôҪȥأҪ𰸸Ұɡ
Īɴû뵽ԷԼεüͷһ۱˴ˣȷ뻹ǳıʾĲΣʲô취أ
𣿡
Īɴĵ˵Լţʲô飬Ľ㶼ͬ𣿡
ΪʲôѵΪ֮ǰҵ⣬ԾܹӦĨɱҵĸҸЩ鱨־һ壬̹ϵĻҾҺ֮ûʲôĵģ˵ʲôҲȥ
ĻɳΪں֮һŰʯȴֲ֪ô͡
ȴȡֵҡæܵ˵м䣬ЧʵҪ˳ӿȵķ籩
˺ˣһ˵һ䣬Ȼ֪ҶھЩʲôͳһսߵˣֺαñ˳Ц


659 

˵֮󣬺ܿĵһ롣
޹գգ۰ɣһжĺ
Īаƻɣ˭֪ǲǹųԻǵģΪʱĪа˵Ҫȸںˡ
Īɴҧݡ
ΪʲôҪҵĸǣҴֻǰҵһĽ׹߶ѣҲŻӻ顣Ҫ˵ѣ˵ҪҵĶһҺܺã֮ǰΪǡ޿⣬ԭһеĳ谮ǼٵģֻҪȡҵľѡ
һ˫ССڵȫǲġ
ΪʲôҪ飬λǣԭô򵥣һ˱ѹ֮Ҫܹӣ⸴Ҳ˵Ҳѡ
кܺõĻܹ˱Լ
̸ͷ­ȷ֪⻰˵ףҲ鲻Խؾǲ̫ˣ
ҲõģʱҹȥˣϾ顣
ͬ˵ĿνһУԣһеһжΪõһĽ֣ζҪһ졣
εĵ˵ͷȻлɵ뷨δҲ֪ʱܹٱ¶κε
˶Ҫˡ
ѩ죬̿ԽԽݲֿ⣬΢̾һû̫뷨ǲòϣĪɴ޵ĶãԸٶȣ֪Ǳ뵽ĺ󷽣ĺҲǡӾä
ת˸Ȧ
Ϊ˱ֱ֣ӰԼ
û̫ı顣
Сġ
˵š
Īɴ޸мĳǵ˵ͷŵǴʯΪȷܹеݳֵȼϣֻܹԼš
ǽ첻ҪݣһҪյøͳһ
Īɴ޳ҹɫããͬʱҲץסǽĻᣬС굽ݵĲֿ档
вٵʳкܶණȼղ˵ġ
ĪɴڲκδϢأȷݲûκεˣȰֻŵ˲ͬĵطͬĵطһЩһЩȼʳ֮ģͳһΧһȦȦȻѵ֮Ķŵǵ룬Ϊһȼ
ȷһжڷţûκ֮Ƕ˻𣬸Ͻ˳ȥ
붯ͬ죬֮ҲǰѾӪ渺ֵʿɱˡ
̿Żƣ϶һССը
ܡ
֮ε˵š
֮ǰʵСըŷһİ˻ҩȣԲܹٵĳЧ
һ£׵İըˡ
ظеҪ¡
ǣ
붼û뵽ĹߣɵЩɻѯһ
ʲôֻСҩѡ
˵Ŀνһ󣬵˶֪⾿ҪķѶٵ
⡣
ͬҲ֪¡
ίүүæġ
˵ĿνһССը֮Ƕٵ
Īɴ޺֪˹սľոտǺ
ѾǱˡ
̳΢Цŵ˵ͷ
ɵúã
뺬Цݡ
ȵҪصӪʱīʵѾȺǶʱˡ
Ȼ˵ֻǶ̶̵һν֣һûзֳʤͬһεУܹǲٵæ
޿ȴĸʾ
Ҳ֪ϢԺ϶ҲҪǵʳлٻģȱǵ֣һһҪô
̵˵ͷѾռϷƣȣǰѡȨĸǡ
ûô򵥡
뱾ʾһֿīǱߵһʱϢ
ʲô
дţ쳺žˡ
Ϣ𣿡
̶Դ˳Żɵ̬ȣһϢģǶǼٵģԸߡ
쳺ǸôԸˣ̫˽ˣҲΪ˽⣬ףʺϵĽʽȴ
Ҳ㴦ʽ֮жΣ˵ֻ˶Ŀ
޿ͬɣɻ󣬵Žˣһ˵һ
ûп쳺ҵʱҪҳ˵ɫ˼
ЦĿνһ֡
̲Եգգ۾֪ʲô
ʲô
Ҳʲô顣޿Լһڶǳˣ쳺Ҳ⣬еĶսʿҪӽȣҲǳ֮кܶĴ󳼲
һУܹеʲô̶أ
ͻȻЩڴ


660 

һߡ
쳺һĿǰɣͷβδĽ֡
Ѷϡ
ĪǴݲȵؿһõ廨ڿеЩϢֵǣѩصġҲ֪ǴŪһ껨
Īа⸱ģ̾һ
ʱҲ֪ǿûô򵥡
̣ġ
ƮƮ¶ԼľաȴͿڵƺȻ֮ӵȴĪа
û뵽һٶ˿ͷ
Ī༥ûĪаͬǲԸŹ赭д˵ܵܰˣ֮ǰǰˡ
ȷЩ£ڻа׺
ЩΪѡ
ĪóĶʧڻþ棬Ӷܷǰ׺ܹ֮еĲԾͬģΪĸ󻼡
쳺ͷΪ֮ĺܹĳ̶ֳڿǼ٣ԼòʧˣѾ˼õĽ֣ЩģӴԺǵĪаĪֵܵĻĳ̶ֳڿɻ
˵ĻһķɣȥĻľͬʧ٣ҪĻʿɲԸǺ
Īɢ˾ƺɫĹͷָƬ̣˼µĴҲ򵥣ֻҪһ£ǰ׺˹󷽱ɽأǵҺҼƳ󷨣а취ҲӲ
ĪԴ˿ǾмߵģȻһеǰܹ˳İһֻСץȥ
Īа̵ĵ˵ͷֻҲûһ¡
ҪѰ׺ҪĪɴ޴
쳺Ը⸶̫ľЩڵҲûлؾء
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ξ̫ʵ
ѹʱ򻹾κģһжУڵһһ
濴ʣҲ֪ôˣһֱȹߣ
˼ٵĺٶȺܿ죬ԴĪɴǱߡ
ɻûκεֹкǣĪɴһŻŵģѸٵע⣬ֻ֪ʲô顣
ô£ææŵġ
ѯţҲĳ˸ʲô飬ڿûзʲô
Ҳûзʲô飬ֻЩ
ǻЩͷۣʱѾϡ
ĪɴЩŵĺͺ۵С۶ţһ
Ȼĺ˼Ҳû뵽ԼǷʲô
ʲôô£
ĪɴһεĿ
Ҳ뵽֮ǰ˵Щ
ﲻԣҪæ
꾿ʲô˼ҲףֻܹȰοһ󣬺ſļϣ˳˯һҲߵ˼
⡭
Ҳ֪ʲô飬ôһ֣Īɴǳ׵ģ˯˯ˡ
Ҳ֪ĿջҪá
νһᣬҲ֪˺¡
ôôˡ
ǵ˵󲻴˵ССȴͬ˱˵ĵǡҲǱˣǡþ޿
֪ʲôСܵˡ
Īɴ޸Ͻ˻֣֤ĺûʲôϵ޹ġ
̳˵ͷ档
Ҳ֪ʲô飬Сʲô

˵ɻˡ
޿һ㿴Īɴ޼ͬΧһȦȦ˯ø⺩ʵСꡣ
ֹ
ǲǵʲôɾĶˣ˵޿գľʵ̹״ӿܴϣ˵˵ʲôˡ
Īɴ޿Լ֮ǰجε飬һһʮĽˡ
ҿⲻجΣ˵ĪˣɵСһЩ
޿ĳĸ˵š
ʱ䶼СһЩٷʲôĻϽҡĪǲ׵ķŹǵġ
ȻҲĬĬĲһ䣬Ҳ׵ķŹԼ


661 ҽ

Ϊʱ£޿Ҳġ
̾С쳣ٶܾԽǹ죬ԽǴʲôͬ顣
ò˵С껹õġ
ĪɴаңİæԼõ˲ٵĺô
Ҳ̸ÿ˯˯ǰҪһЩ
ûйЩ
쳺ž߽ƶʾϢ·ڸԼӦóʱץᡣܹԸԳҲ˵͵ĪʱضбըĿԡ
΢̾һ
뿴üͷģҡҡͷ
ôˣ鲻𣿡
̿⸱еģиȻ
ûʲôҲʲô鲻ãֻã³ãڸǾҪЩʲô
ĪɴޱС깾๾˹С궫ǣȻһԾϣ̵ļ档
ţ
Ҳ֪С꾿ҪЩʲô
̧̺ͷ
СԼգգ۾ûбֳκβԾģ
ǵļʵǷʲô飿
ĪɴȻЩʣǲûи߸ǣֻѯһ
ȵսѶ뿪
룬õİ취Լ뿪ԸȻҲԸȥ
뷨˵ͷҲûйĿ
ڴʱ޿Щÿǡ
ʲô
Īɴ޿˵Щ֮зӦһһģ䲻׾ʲô飬˾ǹеѯš
̿鲻ҲǳѯʣǷʲô飬ôˣ
޿Լؿڡ
ڴʱܹʿǴ˷ĺ
ˣˡ
̻æ֮ͷһľˣֻܹĻš
Сܵ˾ţϽĹһԲļ
̸ϽİӵԼĻ
վ󣬱
ˡ
޿ʹ֢״ҲԽԽԡסַʵûоﲻ
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СΪϣһǵֽš
Ĭ¶Լĵǡ
޿ҡҡͷԣⲢһ¡
Сһ㡣벻鲻ԽĶţѾԾԾԵī
Īɴ޿ǺֹȷİԼְ𣺡Һ̽չ޿ɣ⸱ģҲġ
ǵǰԼĿദ˵ĸװס
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šȻҲǱȫĵεģỳ˵ЩǲǴģ
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ʵҲûʲô£ͱˡ
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ͱ˵ˣǶģǡ
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޿˼ؿڡ
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˵ˡ
ĪɴȴҲִͬ˺ˣ˵ˣ̽ҲԾЩʲôͷִ󵨵ȥɡ
Ҳǿˣ޿Щᡣ
ŵϤϢԤУҿСӣҲҪ֡
˵СЩΪϤ
Ļ˿ԼѾɪһСģС꣬ͬεҡҡͷ
ûô򵥡̸źë𽥵İ˳ĪҪˡ
޿µˣֻĪˡ
̶ҵ˼ֻпǳģ˵һ˯ʲôԾĻ޿ʮǽһɫ񽻸̣Ҫǰˤ˵Ҿͻ
ű壬϶ص˵ͷ
һġ


662 Ը

߳񣬽ǵĿͶݸԴԴڴɽ֮ϡ
һ˸صأġ
ڴʱʱԵĹβ˶
Сģ
Ⱦ档
˸ϽĴ˳
ͨʸķܹβͶŹ
Ŀһ
Сġ̸ϽĻһ֡޿ĵĴ˳Ϊ˶ܵѩС
īûдǰϹҲ֪ǰʲô
ɡ
򺮼ӷѩ֮бϮӻûнɻ¶ѯʵʲôˣ
ۼֿһһεĹ
ȴͬĺ档
ôˣ
޿ﰵһá
ȴԵ˵īûǲġ
ҡҡͷ
ˣû¹
ơ
̶ʱȻ
ĪаˣһõֶΡ
ãȻ޴Ҳ֪ԼˣͷҲûж˵
̸Ͻ˵ǵĸϽȫȥһˡĪаôĹҪռһɽ˵ɽǶԺҪ
ͷӦ뷨ֱǰߡ
˳˸ī
̴ûôӡ
ĪǵĹǼԵģһ˽һ˶ڶʲôȱݡ
Īɴץȹ̤ƥ޿ϡ
Сһ㣬һǻһġ
ЦĿνһ̹ϡ
ɽȴټķѩ֮ͬ׵¡
ȻŲٵľӣĪѾ׼
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򺮿⸱龰Ҳѡ
ҵ⡣
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ļ
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Ҫһٶ̾Բµģ滹б˵ļϸٴϢ
ͬҲɴ뷨οΪµĻûܹϵӪ֮л˵ļϸ
Ƕ̧ͷܹɽ֮ϣĪ̧ͷ΢ЦģڱصãɫĽƯš
һ¡
ֵǡ壡
̵תͷԽԽõԤƺ档
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Īһصɫ·ɫɴĵţźѩ֮Уһֻ֮С
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Īҡҡ֣ȴĿضһֻСꡣ
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ԣֻһʳѣʳòܹ㵽ˣĪЦһ
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663 

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ĪһԿģδԼѾĻȫȻɢ
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̾һīǰ
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СiҡͷԵģİ֮£ܹ˳ɨϰ
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ԣҲһּν
쳺ݺݵĿһۡ
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ɫĿ˵ԡǷֱʡ
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664 ͣս

ͣսЭϢͶ˹
ƺеЩһ
ֽ̿дͣսЭ⼸ֵʱ򣬲û¶һĨЦݡ
εºܹ飿
쳺ŭġ
ȻߣȻ֮ǰսۣΪ˲ٵĿ࣬ͬʱҲԴԿס
û뵽ô˳Ľ
棬ȻĿţҧһƻ֮еһû˻˶ٵĹףĻ˭Ҳ֪ս˻ʱ
ûת۵Ϊ
Ҳ˻֮ǰоЩСըҩĴƷ
СըɲС
ŷ˹ԵĸĻû뵽
̳۵Цţ˭뵽۵Ц֮жٵ¡
쳺̾һȻǾܵļˣǲò˵սвȥ˵ġ
ɶܡ
ĸɵĽǱⲻ˵Ķģֻܾܼٵʧ
̵ĳǵ˵ͷ
ܹ˿ˣǻûСըôֿԲŻôдһս顣
޿ͬԼ뷨εҡҡͷ
ô򵥣ҿǾԲ׾ٵķŹϢսǼٵģͼģʱҲԲܹƬ̵и
ܹؽԼ뷨¶С
ƹ΢֮䡣
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ûô򵥡ȻҲͬ޿ģɣ֮ϵľḡһĴͷ쳺ʲôԵˣŴҶĪаæ绢
һ˵ţһƿţĿֱӵĹȵڣⶼص㣬ܹԶɽѩããۣ֮ĻһƬĴ֮ϡ
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龹ȻѾ˲ˡҲȻȻĽӹ⣬ĵ˵ʤ׷ȷƣ˵壬ȻҲзء
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쳺Եˣˣͣսʵļƻضû̫Ӱ졣
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ĪаӰȥٵġÿһǱǷӵΣ̫ڴˣڣĺȴͬӰһĥȥ
ĻסһֽȻǽ˴½֮ϣͬ˵Ҿûȥһ˰ɡ˵ͽͺͽ⣬ҲûôףǸ۲С
ҲһЭܹܹͬջۣ׵ȫˡ
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á
޿ǣ³ǣԵ÷ࡣ
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Īĸء
ԴǣǺ⼱УǰԼܾһ
һҪҹǡ޿˵ĿνһĵĪ᲻ֻһδ֪ҲҪô룬ܹǵæҾ֮ҾҲʸּۻۡ
渳ʵŮҲڴ˿̴
Īɴ޺Ц˵Ŀνһֱ׳
ĻҲʸȥˣҰæĻҲִܹ°빦ЧĪɴ޿Ǵ֮ǰĻӪ֤ˣԼЦ˵ţҺҵλǻԹȻܹһȥĻ˳Թϡ
˵ǻǷĪɴһ顣Ҳܾĵ˵ͷ
á
һļϣǼƺƵĹȥ
ĵ˵ͷ
ڵȵһ죬ȵ̫̫ˣҪʱȫȻȴڴѧƽĮ
Сiĺҡҡβ͡
һжҪˣѵ˲𣿡
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665 Ը

ټָˣһǲбܽǵҲ˲١һˣȻ̵ˣīΪףݵĴ󽫾ȻĿǡ
쳺λε˰̣ƺڳű˴˵Ĳʡ
СiֽİڶԼβͣſ棬⶯һʵʵƶ
쳺Ȼܲˬûа취
һжˡ
ͷǡ
ͣսϢҪһµĺˣҲûô򵥾ܹһʹ
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Īа쳺һۣ˵ͷ
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ĪȴԼĿ͸̣ĵĶ޿޿ͬ
ʦһֱԼһţڿ֮ǰֺαˣ
ЦĿνһɫȹڰѩӳ֮¸ޡ
εεĻǶҪԼĹģһ컹ˡ
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쳺ȻԸ⡣
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Ϊʲôܣʵ˵ĻٰúõĻ룿
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쳺ԣδԼǱ˵ĳ׵ס
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ĿŰֽ֣֮ǰǳѾƮҡ
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˵š
վǰ
ΪĪа飬Ҳ֪Ȼǰĵϸĸ˵ĮȻ˵Ļץ
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666 

޳ܵģûмô޳ܵġ
ﰵһӿ
ЦЦһж㲻ʲôԼȥˡ
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вʲôá
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ˡ
Դ˵ķ϶Цݣ¶׵С
Īû뵽ķӦ֮졣
Ǻǡ
û뵽ĸһ㣬ͷβ̶˺˽һеİ취˵óԼ֮ǰδʹùĶҩڷãĶشؼ们
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˵ļ򵥡
ĪһЦ֮Ѷر˳һѪɫ
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òץסĻᣬҲǳصġ
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667 һ

ûа취ֻܹá
ļԼ
ҲЩ⣬˵Լıӡ
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ûʲô
޹˵ţһ޺ĸоЩԾĪɴֻܹ˵ţǾûʲôǾûʲôɡЩ˵׼ˡ
߿ɲСæ˵ӣҪǾô׾ٵ뿪ĻпܱţΪİȫ룬Ҿ㻹Ƕ࿼һ°ɡ
ͬ˵ͷ
Īƺϰոݡ
Ī˵ʮҪĴڣ׾ٵķŹ㣬ΪⷬԭҾǻлأҪ֤ȫ
һ仰˵оݵġ
Īɴ֪˵ĺе΢̾һ
ȻǶ˵ˣҲ
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ΪʲôҪߣ
׳ʡ
ĪɴҧǾҲﲻʲôæһֱȥںòеĻػˣȥһҲûʲô
Լ뷨ϣܹõɡ
ĪɴǼĹһȵ̫ˣԼˡ


668 ˱

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쳺ȥѾûкǷͥĵزˡ
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ͣսЭ顣ĪаĪǵľӣԭһֱƶ˱߼ҲԽֺ
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˵е޿ͬ뷨ͬһ֮ϣܹôưոݣͣսЭȷܹܶ飬ǲòͣսЭк
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һѰԼĻԵ˵㲻׼֪𣿡
ҡ
գգ۾˵ͷñȽϾܹõĴ𰸣ԣֻ׾ٵСѣû뵽Էô档
ôô׾ˡ
ƮƮܹƬ̵ȴľЩƵĿһۡ
Ҳ֪ҵ̶ôͱô˸ˡ
Ĭ
֪뷨ļ硣
⾩ǵûһ˵ġ
һ˵һ߰һŸˣԼװʾݣװдŵ飬ȻҪǵõ
չ˷۪۪۪۪ھǡ
쳺һĶֵĻ֪ô졣
̳Ĭţ̾һ
Ҳ֪ǡ
ӺƺƵֱָ
˧ִﾩ֮ʱ쳺ûһѪ˳û뵽Ȼôš
ǣ
ҪЩʲôѵ㻹֪𣿡
뿴ų֮ϵ쳺ֵͬĮЦݣɸ˵ĸܽȻͬ
ڱϣžһƬ貺
֤Э龹ȻѴһ£ôʱΪΪܡ
ٳ·䣬ཻһս
ͬεļ֮ǰĻ
쳺⸱ģһЦ
㵹е㱾¡
̰Щ˿佱νʶż
Ȼ룬Թ־ܣҲҪ˷ѿࡣ
쳺ѹûͶͼ
ԼĺС
һսջǳҹ
쳺Ȼ뷨ĵǲҲˡ
²⵽뷨žʮѸٱܹõʤ
Ʈڳ֮ϡ
쳺˵ӦҪӣôǸأ廨
ܿܣǱ֮ѡȻѾ˵Ļֲ뷨ˡ
˵ĺ֪ԼȲԷ
ҡҡͷȴ˵ߵĸǰһҩ裬쳺ԸȥҲǳصģֱ˰ҩȥ
°
̵ȻԼϴεʹô׵
Ҫ˵Ļʲôˡ


669 ûֹ

ʱ򡣻žһֿ顣
̺һĨЦǴ
Цŵģֻ쳺⸱ģȤüޡ
㵹ΪԼе㱾¡
ٳ£ܿģ빥˾
ةҲܲɷֵĹ͡
ҲûȥЩǷǷǣֻһССĻ磬ŷ
˵Ļһ֣㻹ܻŵĻҾҪһӻƽƽ
дת
쳺ǰŮˣô飬Ϊʲô
бüͷûж˵
㻹Ϊ
̸һƣ
һΪʲô飬Ӧ֪н졣ǾԲŻȥġ
˵֮㱵ЦЦ
ˡҪúÿĿ⣬Ţ쳺ҲġôҲܹ֤úúõģϾʷڶҵƿ֮С
ȥĶӣⱲӵһӡ
̶Դú
㲻ҪˣǾԲ׵ķŹ㡣
ͻȻ룬ʮ̣һȽҪ
ƿţܹᵽµĿķҷ
ĵΣһԶӲȥˡ
ڣգգ۾ĵĻ́ͷϸ˼˰֡
žӽʹŵΧסϴڡ
ǵ̫ˣһֱڵȴӣʱȥ̫̫졣
ͷ
롣
һս۱еĶҪĽٳ£û˿ܵĵ
֮ǰʱǵǹģڿЩǶʲô顣
û뵽ٹٻôĵꡣ
еҪ죬õһУκεķ
ܹվҪʲô
ĬĬѯԼŽ̻Ի͵ľ
޿ȹ˹į
ôˣ
ѯš
ҡҡͷ⸱ģеס֣ôˣ
֮ѪȵϢЩʡ޿ҧŴȴһСС壬Ҳ֪Ǵ﷢ֵġ
ͼڣغ񾩳ǵڲѺʲôĶ
޿ոսͷһ˵ܣ˵Ҳɣֻڵ񵽵ģϸ渧Ļƣ˵뷨
˹ȥĿ΢΢һתܹɫĻƣĹţһת˼ȦƳһԲ
乬ġ
Ȼ⻹ЩӡãȻգգ۾
ǣ
ҪСġ޿סһ壬ܾЩס
оȴʲôöСһ㡣
ͷղײգͳڵĹȥһ乬һ̽
ص徿ܹʲôأ
˼Ƭ̡̧ͷѯ˼
ҲΡûкżϴҪһʱ䣬ʱҪද
ĽҲԭġܿܣȻǲĵǣûа취ȥܾ
СһΪáһпܳңðЩȷų֮ٹȥһ̽
ڵ޿˸ĮĹ
̲ɵĻͷһ乬ķ
ҲЩ
ʹĽ̻ԻڽҹɫдգƯĵѾϨ
쳺֮УҲ췭ظı仯
ϻλ飬ûôɵһ޵Ľѵ
ڳ͢»˻١
޺īΪұۣȷܹ֤С
̾Լôһ顣
һжС
ĿĻ棬ȴ鲻Խһĺɫš
޿Ҳû뿪ʹ
ҵĸĸѾ뿪ҡ
Դ˵Ļشƽûж˵
ļ򣬰οû˵ĻȻԴ΢ʡ
޿һʧǵӣЩᡣ
΢̾һתķ绪Ỻ͡
̻֮ˣһ顣ԼҵĴ绹޿Ĵ氮ġβʱһǡ
㣿һļڣˡ

޿Ļ鲻ԽһЩ飬΢˸Ź⻷ҡҡͷ
ϲ˭ʲôأҲһϲң⣬һҪ
޿һ仰˵ĺ
΢Ĵ˼˰ݣתͷĶǳѸ٣һҵϢ


670 

ɲ˵ϲ˿ɲ١
ϢɢС
޿ִŵҡҡͷԣһжҪ
ˣڶԣǰϵĻʺ󡣡
ʲôϵֻҪõĻܹͻһУͱ˵Һ롣
˵ĺ棬ס֣ϣԥ
ֺα˿Լǧܹ롣
ԽԽе㲻Ծ
ҡҡͷûȥ
ҽһҪԹ԰Ļ
޿ĬƬ̲û˵Щġ
׶Էİʾȷôһˣܹ׵İԼȥˡ
Щǽ˵ģҪ˵Ļʱ㽲
֪Լ˵ˣֻܹüͷϸϸ˵š
ס֡
ǽͺúɣҾҪľȥ׷ţԼİõġ
׹ƺܹƽһе˺;
̴üͷϸ˼һᣬ漴ֽԼĿ˹ȥ
һֱߣůԴһж˷츲صı仯
ʹƮƮãȫȻʧʣµֻ׺Ư
һжˡ
쳺ǸүûһФϵλڸȣ㲻ʶ̧ٵĻ»ᱻ벶ȸں
뷨͹ǣǳǳס֣ܵů̾һ
һҪ𣿡
һòս
Īаʯʱܹ뵽ôһ졣
㲻Ҳôһս
ĺ
ĻһսѾ𣬻˻᲻£
̵¶Լ˵ᡣ
̵ǵܶࡣ
쳺Լݵλʱƹܹ͢ڵĴСˣȻûлϵʵȨѾûκܹܾ
Ҷ֪ͼǻҪʵʵĹѫܹӦߵλ֮ϡ
򵥵ķʽս
ȴܿܣķʽӮһС
Ҿɡ˵ĺĻ»ʧġңĪаһͬһеġ
Աȣܹ˳ķ֮ڵ⡣
Ȼһͬⲻ˵Ļᣬ׵޺á
һһģƺǷơ
Ҳ˵ĺеͷȥĽܾܾˣ˼Ļͷ˼
ķʽȡһУһգڷҪ򿪡
ĻҵôֻȥĻǿȺͷһܹݽԼʱвСҲܹǲٵæ
쳺ÿһֶ¶ͬʱҲĳ֪Ӧȥܹġ
Ȼ㣬¶Ƕǰһġ
Ҳ侲ķ΢չһܹԸٿʧҲԸȥǷһǸ˰š
֪һжӦûһյ㣬½УʼΣǶҪƴȫȥһȥͼԼһ˽ᡣ
ڵɫڹ鵽֮ϣˮ
ĻҲûʲô취ˡ
̻ĵͷѵֵزԸ
ȻѾôѵĻζӦùһЩŻ̹
ȫµ޵
̰˰֣Ȼ鲢⣬סﲻסţܹܹжá
⸱ģ֪ǲϲЩ鵱һµģڣ֮˸ǰĹ󷴸ӡ
Щ鶼ˣԺúϢ
쳺ڵ֮СȴԴЩ뷨
ǸôԸˣһҲ̵ᷭˡ
ǻ뷨̲¶Լ⣬СΪϣǧҪ⸱ģԻߣ뷨
Ըһֿɼĳɹ֮Уת֮ʧĽơ
¹ɢһɿ̹ĵķҷ
¹ֻλεذ¹ԡ֮¶һ͡
쳺ܹ׵ĳȻĻΣǣ̷·ԼһЩ龿ֵֵá
ס֣вģ֮¡
ܹĿ֮еǣ²ںЩʲô
ܹ㱣ĺúõģҲҪȥ롣
һһ˵ᡣ


671 Ӧô

еñʧһ仰ƭ˭
Ѹײڶ壬Ǵʣıҡ
˵Щ㲻ʲô⡣
ҲڿԺúõϢһˣҲú֮ǰľЩ飬ԽȫĵͶϲЩϡ
޿⡣
ȻںסšȻЩǶǳ֮󡣱ݸһЦ
һõĻᡣ
ЦЦգգ۾ŶԷ޿һ޹ֺ̬ģݸ֮ǰҵһͷѯš
֪һֱҪȥһһ壬ںòʱ䣬ȥһ˲С
˵ͬء
⸱ģǳǳ̾һȻЩͣţ޿Ļʲô鶼ܹΪһҲֱܹ׳ȥһЩ¶
ƾ罥ĴԽԽ䡣
̽סһ壬ڵɫһڶͷ·
ҵȷܾʲô¡
ﻹʥּܿܵʷѾд
Ӧε״̬ȥ԰٣ȻѸٵ˽⡣
˻˵˵ЦЦ糾ͣո³ü֮Уž뵡
ôˣ
һ˵ţһ߶һ裬̡
޿һ߿ҲĽԣǿġ
Ҳûʲô£֮ǰԤϵȻǶԸ׵ɿڡ
ҡҡͷв⡣ĶûκεͣڣԾһĵģ㣬в⡣
ʵġָؼһ㣬ǲǲǲˣʹ֮£ܹˣͬҲܹһжǴġ
˵زʵҲЩ̲˶Դ뷨
̻л㱵ҡҡͷûж롣
ĻҲǺһ׮ʱ롣޿Ȼķһ飬ӦôŻ˾úһЩ
ھġ
ֻĿ鲻ԽشԼİ֮֮ʱĳ־ȫȻʧֻĿŨĶ̡
밴˵ʱİȨǣȥռݵĻ¾͵и̡
ߵ̫ã̫ˣ̫׾Ҫʲô
ȻԵõĵ˵ͷͬ뷨
Ӧ㡣
ЩıƲǺֽܶһöµķָ⡣
Ҳ̴ݵĵ˵ԼָͷһЦǷ綯һʱĶ
ЦֽԼĮ;ȫº
ǾüȻǶĻһҪȥŸõǲʽ쳺εĿȲĿ⣬һֲԤС
˵еı׳ͲȫҪɢ
ܹ޷˵ȥ
쳺κδϢĻᣬνĴϢпܾǱ˵ľ䡣
乬֣䡣
̸ո߹ʱ򣬾͸о֪ǴﴫݹģϢŪ֪ǺáʶıԼļ
Ϣ
޿˵ĺ棬ȻԴдʣһһ˵ķ϶
Сġ
Ūڳ壬䵽乬棬һССķ䣬ʲôûУյģֻзϵ֩дڵƾɲ
֪徿Ӧ÷
Ȼǵ˼һ¶һԿס
ֻ֪Կ׾Ӧߵǡ
ܹúõһˡ
һ˵һµţƫƫдש嶼ӲӲģҲûʲô
ֱտյĻ졣
ĸܵеĲԾ
Ӧþˡ
ǶԴ˿϶Ļظţ̧ͷһȻһש濴һССĿȱˣпܾͷֲˡ
޿ͷ۲죬ܾûô򵥣һҪСģǧҪע⡣
Ų΢㣬ܹѸٵһСȱĵط״СȴܺϣһӣסĿѨһǽǶ档
Žţûʶʲôŵһվֱӵĵȥ
ط̫죬˶ûԤϵ
뻰˵ȥ
޿ҲԥȹӿһۣȰѺŹϣ˷ʲô⣬Ȼȥ
ڵһƬƺʲô
ںڰ֮ƺܹԭʼĸ顣
׹µء


672 Ծ

̿ԼĶͷȴеۡ
ݲȵԾƺһжһ
޿ΪԼǱأû뵽˸Լһ֣ܹЧİԼһ⡣
˶ֲָģںҹңġ
νİʾˣֻ֪ʲôʲôõġ
̵ͷһһжǿյģֻżĴĴשһ֮С
ȻûС֡
ûô򵥣ûмǴĻרɱصıʶ֮ǰһֱڴоЩʲôڿ񣬻صӣһҪע⡣
뻰Ҳ١
ǵҵԴӦöûдʯҲûеطֲָģпܾ͵档
̻ͷ˵ֻܹǣ֣Ȼ߳һֱߡ
ΪеΨһӣȻǰееķΡ
̾һûô򵥣ǡһ΢ԤС
Сiʱĳ˹ȥСӰӻûпأô
ιιι˲ܲҪôСңΪֻܹƾСʱضܹԵ粨нء
һ
ȴνգգ۾ͷνȻӵĻһ⣬Ϊʲô֮ǰһҪСأ
һʵ֪롣
ⲻǡ
СiҪЩʲô
˺ˣҲö˵ˣѾ֪ˡ㲻Ҫᣬʵ廯ĴڡȻһڿûˣɵøҺúýһ¡
̿νͷ۵˼㣬һεʵ
ø˵ǾҪôܹͨһؿ˵ˣĽһŶ
˵Ŀνһ档ĴкˣҲ֪ôȥ͡
ιιιСiڲڣ
̿ȴҪ֪ôĹ֣Լ
ɲҪҪװ
ϵͳǸôԸˣĲ˵Ӳġ
˺ˣȻô΢ʵĻôҾʵʵ˵ɣҲҪ຦ЩʲôֻҪһֱǰǰߣߵǰ棬Ǿܹҵˡ
ϵͳĽͣ΢ķĵ˵ͷ
ǧñһʱҪЩҵĻҾ;Բ㷢Ƣˡ
СiսսĻظš
Щϵͳȼɲܻش𡣡
ðɣȦȦơˣҪЩʲôҪʾһȻҪ
ưܵģҪ
˵Ŀһļ
ȻҪúõĻôҪץסˣһҪ֤ҵİȫʲôΣյĻϽҾ
Сi⻰Ҳǽһ䱸У˵ĺе
ĻҪһܱҵʵˡ
̻֪ʲô
һ˵ֲԤ𽥵ļˡ
ʵҲûʲôģֻǡ
Сiһ˵š̲Ż㱵ķָոֻźܶȥˣûзĺҹ֮ޱߵн߾ܹҵЩʲô
˵ǰߵһ·
ͷץס̵֡
ǰû·ˡ
ͷһ
ѵһ·𣿡޿ɢԼʣѵʲôء
˵أͬһͷ
̶ԴΪȻ
Ĳ˵СiЩɣ϶һãǾԲģԳᣬ΢Цԡ
ɡ
̴ĳֱĴţںڰ֮УʲôǻǸССεĿס
ӦҪʲôȥ
̻֮ʲô
֮ǰŷϸҪǲӵǰ˵Ŀ׾һĿףܹıǶȥ
ǲ
ţһԼ롣
˼Ȼ˽ȥ
ֻһƺǴβ˵һ˲ţȻкϵĺ

ڵĿⷴţΪʲôܹȱĺһѵʲô
ȲЩˣһʲôɡ
ŤܹŤ˵ĵطٶϵܹ׾ٵİƿѴ֮
ĲǱģ³Ĺâ
ԼһϲżŮˡ
ȫģɢһɸϢ


673 ʫ

ȴǰһÿ϶ʲô
ǲʲôɣ
޿ָָܹƽĺַֻܹͨʽȷǰӦһˡ
覵¹ⲻεϡ
ҡҡͷ
ǵȥһ
ܹǴ򿪱Կףž˵һʲô˲֪˭ܾԼӦʶ

ͷš
ʫ
ֱ̾ţѪɫûκιâˣȻʫ
ԾҲȷ˲Ծ
ʫ𣿡
ô붼ܽͬ׹һģǷֲε˺ʫɽӦĹϵôô֡
ô
ȻǵĵǺͻɶͬģͬ뷨
̿ӣǰţܹܵĺ
Ͳ֪Ϊʲôﱻ˹ţǼȻط˵϶á
̶Դն
һ˵һڵıɫСiܹ˳İԼԳκεĵطκεá
һžĸڴʱ˼µá
Ҹһҩ裬Ӧܹˣһʾʲôͺˡ
Դ˵ĺ̹ϣֳֿϿҡ
ΪȻĵ˵ͷܹε˾ˣò˵Ҳ¡
޿һ̸ӵĵǣԼԵķʽռһ
ķˮ֣˵乬Ӧ֮ƫƧĵط޿˵ʫſŵĵططż֮ġ
ҩҲò˶á
ʫ֮ΪԼִ˵
ζû뵽Լῴ̡
ô
ȵķʣȻɳޱȣǵֵסڵɻ
ôˣѵҾͲܹ𣿡
׸һν⸱ģЦЦ
¸˭طġ
ʫ
쳺
ҪվǸûƤǵ״̬ȴܹĽߵĻᡣ
̿⸱̣ΪģǿһѾεĶڶأЩ
ǿʵʵ˵Ļǻܹһ벽ƽ纣ˮһ
ң쳺Ϊʲô
ʫѹû뵽ܹٿ롣
ҹΪʲô㻹𣿵ȻΪҵļֻͥҪһţҵĸ׾ܹЧ
˼
̿
ѵͲȥ𣿡
ѾıߣһСʫة֮ĹϵһܹȹڵļǻҵҲһ顣
ֻǴһֱٿصתһָп
ʵҲûʲô𡣡
ʫȻأҲҪԼϵ˶һжûκεĸı䣬ҲԼбҪ
ֻŶѣŸ˭ν
ƺﱻʱ⣬Լʵֵ
Ҳûʲôãȴܹǡ
̿һʶȤģǳǳЦЦ
֪Լüֵʲôá
һֱľģϽ߰ɡ
޿ĹĦһܹʵޱȣɫɵģѡþռ˵
쳺ҪϣԲ
޿ԼһƲ⣬źһ
ҲǱһˣνıأνҪĵط¾
⡭
û뵽ôһ棬۰׹ǣڻϵĳ롣
˭ҪǡϲȻɣ˭ܹı䡣
Ŀ˱𣿡
üͷѯһ
еĻͲᴫˡ˿úɲʲôϵķȻ˵ûãֻǳ룬Ҫϲʹѡ
Դ˵ĺס
ʫͷԼϲӣû뵽Ȼ˵
ҲҪ̫ں£ʧЩ񣬺ȵҩúõĲһܹ
ͬҪȥ
ةܹܲҪʫˡ
ǣ֮ǰôĴ£ھǳʱɣȻˣǶԸˣҲʵ˵ҲҪ˵ľ
ʫƺǰȻøӵͨ͸̹ϡ
ظԽֿԽǾӦð


674 漣

ȻôţʵʵĲеҪ鷳⿴赭дıӣȴҪķѺܴܹ𿪡
̳ϸĴһһжͬѰ
ʫ֮ʲôҡҡͷ
׷ˡʫ֮ǰȸӼ٣֪ģ쳺ǲô׾ٵľͰҷߵģ֮ǰﰲװһأҲ㶼ˡ
˵ɬ
ãȻգգ۾
˵ʲô
Ŀ˼֮ų
˵ǡʫ˵һ棬֪֪乬쳺ⲻô׾ٵķŹҵģ֮һʯѹסڣĻ˭߲ˡ
ǻ˻֣
ͷ
˵Ƕԣֻһ洦Ʒѣ԰Ҳһʲô£磬ˡ
Ҳãڳտκε۵ɫʡ
ʫ㱵ľãԼһյĻҲʲô⣬һжҪᡣ
ԾͲѾĻҪңҲһ𣿡
Ļ֮ǰȻôͣȴ˶һݲζ
ҡҡͷ
޿ҲĿѾˣҪһ˰æ
ʫõѡץסᡣ
ͬд뷨
Ȼ֮ǰʱѾ˵ˣȥǾ;Բʳԡ
º͵ЦЦ˵ųɼͰҿ
оʯѹţҲİ취ܹ
˵ӻ͡
ƺǧԣͬʱԼͷ
ʫЩţδԼᱻһ֣ůԴǡԼ˺ʵ̫ò˼ˡ
ĵصûκεů
ܹ¡¡
֪϶ǻ˵ʱ졣Ƕԣһж㲻ʲô
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Ǹһʱ򣬹֮ĴɢĵƹƮҡţһִĿĵĹܶС
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εͷ
Ըִʫɲ֣Ǿʫڵ·װʵе£ֵĺ֮лкԷ
ץסᣬȰȥúϴ֮ϵ飬ʱٴͺá
򿡶ûп˭
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ʫûϳ𣿡һŵĿǶûϳɡ
üͷ˳Ŀһ˲ԱšվߵĹŮǶؾصĵͷǾʧģ֪ǿ϶ûϳԼԱվŵ˾ʫ
ȻˣҲٶ˵Щʲô
Щ黹Ҫӳ鰡磬ҵʱٸ˵һ˵


675 ô

ɲʲôɵӣȻҲܹĿ֮ԵĲԾ
ƩǵǵĿڲģʱʱĻ޿ϡ˾е˼ˡ
ǲǶԱ˼ôһֱĴ￴˵ɣʲô¡
޿һԺ͹Ůǽע
̾ץסᣬܵ߹˹˼
һϸϸģ۵ףǺЦҲû˵ΪΪ
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ǷµӣڴʱҲɵý͵⸱ģúЦ
ʵɣʲôϽ֪˵£ֲôġ
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뼸ЩԶˣ֪鲻Ӧţǰ뷨һҪǰе渵Ļпܳ顣
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ʵǶǾǿһ仰ˡ򿡶ˣ˫Ͷ
ĸ˵ţ޿ԸֺãǣҳҲÿҵɩӿ϶ûʲôҶ֮ǰˣѵôģҵúúõĴϴǡ
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ĸ׿϶ϲģİɡ
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ֻۿɲҪ롣
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Ȼһ뿴ƽƽ棬ԱߴСڷŵˣ˲ɵĵɴ˫ۡ
֮ǰǵżһεը棬ζĻ
о仰˵ĺãҪץס˵ģҪץס˵θð仰ĳץסŮ˵ģҪץסŮ˵θҲû
޿ԱߣĿ໨ˣˣҲʳ⿵úƯζ˴Ρ
԰ɣ԰ɣϲʲôͰŽԼٽҸƵը
һ˵һ˸ʾԼĺ˿ܲ˿˿ȵȶ棬ţͺʣһ׵ը
ֵĸһʾȻҲûţĸһ棬ȻͷβҲǼס˱˵ϲõġ
޿ĶģĿʼģ¡
ܺóԵģ㳢ɡ
һ˵ţһʾ򿡡
Ҹôľһʲô鶼
ĬĬ²һȻȻĽȵĿͶݸ롣
ҡ
ôʾ⡣
ɲǼܵȵĿ⣬ͬŵƷζ
룬ǾҪһԼСӣϾСҲװ
ʵ򿡻黹ͦģҲ֮ĺͦϵģʱ䲻һֱԿԳһ
˵㻰ת
ѵøܵģԼϡ޿Ȼգգ۾Щ΢
ô˵ӣҶЩ֡
޿˵˴˻ָ֮Ͻͷһը棬ȻζݵǺóԵġ
ȴܷĿζְѻĵΧʱ򣬾Ҳ˸
û뵽ӾȻΧ壬֮ǰһֱܰ
лˡ̳һӦ
лģǾ̫òˡ
ЦЦĸ̾һ˵䣬˱ˡ
϶ҪԵģֻͲʺϣ֮ܰԴˡ
ġ
һ룬ը滹һ룬ըֿ룬Цˡ
ôˣ
⸱ģ˽֭
ڴĲһ𣿡


676 ɹ

Ȼ֪Ǿ̸ʲôز
ģӰ쵽

ѯһ򿡺˼ͷҪΪĻԼҲܹɹĸһ
ԣ򿡶һӣ˵ʱķȥˣҪȥ
ð̴ĳӽޱȣƺǧ֮еһȻɫҲˡµ飬ûøô졣
գ۾ѯš
ͬеΡ
ɣĿǰҲʱҪ֪ڵĴ
쳺ݸ߹ҰġȻǳ֪͢飬Ǵղ
쳺Ҫһᡣ
ʫڣة൱Ȼѡġ
ةİæܺܿĽ
ʵҲûôϣҪϻʺλá
̺̹ϵ˵ţһڳӣҧЩɬ
磬ⲻУôôᡣ
εĻһۡ
ֲǳԳӵļڣȥ궬Ķȣţŵġϣʱԡ
˵һĳ
̸Ͻȥ

û뵽һ˼
ˣ⼸֮Ҿͻȥһˡ
˵档Ҫ֪õĽʽ
۵Ŀ
֪ʱǺܲףĳʲôĻܸңʼվߡ
֮ǰ黹ڣ򿡾ԼܹᶨƵվ̵ߡ
мĵ˵ͷȻԴ˲⣬Ƕԣɡ
á
ҪҪĶ
һġ
Ūųӣˡ
˵˵ôǵҲǵɩˡ
ú߲ѣɲҪ˵ʲôɩӲɩӵġ⻹ûһƲ飬ôԴأ
ͷ⸱ģ΢иһĻҲֱ׳
ڸæһ˵һ߶ӣ﷭ȥѰãҵ˺ʵķӡЩӿͱȽȻŵһɫĴӡ
Ǹʲô
ʲôľɵҲ˵ľһΰɡ
ﰵӳһ
磬вͨģҪףãҪηηŵĻɲС
֪Ȼˣֲɵظһ顣
ɵĴģ·һֵ
磬ҲҡΪȻļ򣬶Դ˼ķ棬ֻҪõĻôԡ
ȻѾ˵ֵز򿡾Լһѡһ޿޵˵֮ǰȣ˲٣ȴƽһż򵥵ܰ
򿡶Ÿɫӣã޴롣
ʲô
޿ȻûпһݼƣЩãȻ
ҸѡĶȺܺóԡ˵һֱ׳ǳǳºͶš

޿ѵõԵЩš
ůĻ֮У¯ɢˣβ΢Ĵ
̿⸱ģĵ˵ͷ֤Լʲôû˵
֪
˵ϣҲûвܵĵǺ˵ͷ˼Ƭ̣
ЦĿνһۡ
򿡿һЦݣŵģ΢иһ
ȻϲҾ;øˡ
ظģԼ
㳢һɣܺóԵġ
޿һģҲµЩС̣侽ȵİһӣСĵسһڡ
Ȼ˵ĵס
̿һģĵ˵ͷ¶һĨº͵Цݡ
Ҫͷ˵ɣ˵һжûд
򿡷
Ҳ֪ӦôԼĸ飬ƺһ⣬ڡ
Ĭ
޿֪ǺǻӦһж뷨ġ
º͵ĳ¶һĨЦݣ֮ززˣҲû̫Ĺ
ĳ̶ֳҲǰæ
޿˴۵С۵ġ޿ȵĴһεĳĬ
ҡҾЩ黹Ҫúõһ롣
䲻⼸֣˼ջû¶ϣΪԭ򿡡
Ǹû뵽棬ֻ
һʱ֮ԼеĳĬеıˣӦһϵĴ𰸡
Ϊʲô
ջ¶Ĳ⡣
ΪʲôҪأһвǻп϶𣿡
벻ͨ


677 ʲôĳ

ûνİ飬ֻһõĻþʧȥٻʲôǡ
޿ͷ˼Ƭ̣ûǺˣľ˵ܹһС
Ҳ˵ЦֻǾӦðЩ˵һ㡣
֮شһһ˵øӵء
ҲԸƭ㣬磬ҵȷǶһЩøеģڵݲһеĴڣҲǺףһжӦôڡ
ܹԲܹٴ޿ӵеٻֻ˵ģÿֶ˵ϣԷܹ뷨ʹࡣ
ҵݰû˻ͬٶûĸĸһ鶼ǿģֺαִأ
嵭ؽÿһ仰ѯʵĳ׵׵ƺڵȴĴ𰸡
޿Ӣջ룬˵ܹһеӵĻҲͷҲصģعںãٴκమ
¼Ƿ裬Լܹӵһ졣
ûκεԥֻǱԼһƵᡣ
氮ǲᱻκĵġ
Ըûһ仰˵ỺͣԸٶã
ֻͬʱҲ롣
ȥһоֵõ
һϲҳ
̵̻˵ŵԻԻ͵ĹȴûκεϲãԣһжҪģΪҪֻһˣʫ
ʫǵİڻָǰò
̿⸱ģ΢иһ޵ĸ̾һ
ȻҲˣֻҸԺ¡
취ÿһ仰˵Ỻһ㣬Ը뵽ã֮С
ʫѾܾöûмɫҲûмЩ޴뿴ǡ
ӦЩʲô
ڻԼѵõɣ֪ӦЩʲô
㲻ҪЩʲô
ȴÿһֻظĶ䡣
á
ʫ֪ԼûбǮ̸Ǻĵ˵ͷ֮ûж˵κεһ仰ƾĬʱ佥ķ͡
µĸֵܹסǰеĶ
ʫЩˡ
ة˵ģݺᣬԣһ໥湤ߡ
Ѱÿһʵ
̱˴ǣϸһ
ʲô˵ɡ
˵֮˱ʱ˵뿪ȴš
ة൫ǧ仰Ҫ˵һ仰˵
ҵŮ
߽Ȼĸʫڼݵӣֳ̾һ
˵˵㣬֮ǰôô벻
ʫҲ֪֮ǰ鶼ԼˣҲûж˵Щʲô¶һĨǸ΢Ц
֮ǰ飬ȷĲãĲԵĵطʫޣ˺þòʰԼᣬڵڰҺòá
ãţֻлŲϣ
֮ǰ鶼ˡĲãҪҪƾ
㱵شͷ
ةҪⶼŮôܶλľٶأֻǳ
Ҫʲôԡֻϣܹúûš
˵ϡ
ʫ޵ĸӱˣûԼĸ׻ΪԼ˵زһűɣ᲻ͣ
һεĽ̸ûг̫ʱ䡣
Ϊ֮
֪̫ʱ䷴ãԽǽյʱ䣬Խܹ֪ҪԣԲŻʽ
ةĬĴͷ
֮ǰӦ쳺ֵôӦ롣
ûа취ԼŮǵϣоܾȨ
һģ˵˲˵ةҲףհйŮžۣΪʲô
ةЦЦﲻ֪Щ龿ΪʲôЩҪҪǣܹʫ뿪ǷǷǡ
ҲҪģֻҪҵŮúõĻ
רϸ׵ľǿ
̵Ȼ뷨ǳƵĵ˵ͷ
ð
ͬףҰĵ˵ټ򵥲ˣֻҪİɡ
ֻҪͬ⣬Ӧô֤Ů
ѹЩ
ʫһֵõĹߣ⹤߾ܹӶٵЧ棬ǷܹɹڣҪһʺţһжҪˣҪֻة྿ΪŮ˵ز
ĽȴȻǵԤϡ
ةдһ飬װ׵дţڳ͢յˣү֮ʵҲܹĵľ롣
Ӧĵϻλ


678 γ

δ֣ʼջһ֮ңշǽһеʵذ˵ǰһжһһʵڵġ
Щ㱣ˡ
һûʵԵ˾ӣͬ׵ȴɫ
һͷĿѣ
ˣ
Ĳ
ôܣɽҶ˹ô½졣
˵Ŀνһ档
üͷ⸱ӣǳǳЦЦﳤ磬ֳ׵ףʧ
ڵȵһ˻ˡһֱڴһ죬ڴԼ룬ĳ棬һлһһ֪ʶ֪ԼŬõġ
뻺¶һҲ
ٹٶǶĤݣܹӦߵ˻Ϻͻʺλá
ͬʱ֪鲻ô׵Ľ
Īа򵥣߾ĵоûκε
쳺Ϊһνѵܹ뱣ݡ
ԡ
ֻĮȻߵ˾ǵ۷壬Ŀ˶Ĥݵӡ
Сiڴ˲ʱ˵ʵ
˻е𣿡
ɡ
̴ʱȴò׼뷨ˣ˵κߵ۷ʺλӶӦø˲ѵģԼҲûôģʱɶƺûκεơ
֪ԼӦЩʲô֪ӦȥЩ
Ϊʲô˲Ĵ¡̻ͷة࣬Ȼةֺ֪α¶ʹɫ
չأةȨһʥּġ
ͬةȨ޴
΢΢ϣ֪ͬ޴Ȩһ˫нڿȨһ졣޷ѹƵʱ򣬾ǶԷϽ֮ʱ
Ϊһϣûа취ܹԼȨȥ
ûһ㣬ڿһжһʧ롣
ةͷ˼Ƭ̣ҲϣܹմŮϻ糯ϵǷǷǣΪʲôѾٲһУȥˡ
ÿ𣿡
εļ
Ӧܵˡة࣬ߵһ·ʱӦ֪޿ˡ
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ĳļ򣺡ϻҲǲԡڻʱǹһ֤Ļһ߻ᣬһҪȥĻ¾ͺˡ
ƺǰÿһֶȫȫĶ˳һ΢Цζ
ةߵߵĵ˵ͷûа취ȥܾϡ
ľͺˡ
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ܹڻΡ
ڵһ
ĹЦݣͷŰնԼĤݵӣеĲһĨɾ֮С
ƺȴһѾȴ̫̫ˣһмɹ
á
Ѹٵһּ⣬Ҳµ۵ǻҪµּ⣬ǾǴ¡
ֱּڻǶһ̫ƽʢǿ⸱ģеĲá
ʼǲŹģ֪Ѫ֮ϵǣɡ
ôˣ̶ںЩ
ֻڵģ㾿Ҫ̶ֳȡ
̽ס֣һһ˵棺̶һֱӦδڰҰ˼㣬ǲ׵Ľġ
ÿһ仰˵档
̻㱵ܾеĲ۵Խïʢ֪Ӧô
̶Ҫǻʹνɭϣһǿġ뽫ԼĻһĦĸĳܰ㣬ⲻǻ𣿡
Դǵҡҡͷ
ɲʲô£෴ͬ᲻ʲô飬֪ܹΪȥ
ʱʱģֻʲô
㲻һŶʱըҲ֪ʲôʱըϣǣȫܣʱػըѻ֢״ҲԲȥġ
ĪаӦ֪ء
˵ĺ档
ͬд뷨ǲֳܹ
ĪаڶԸѵ޷ȥȷ
ʵ̫ðˣûһ㣿
ҵȻ֪ðգֻðղŻ档
ÿһֶ˵תͣϣԷܹԼͼص㡣
ΪȻĵ˵ͷȴ֪ô


679 ȥȰ˵

б¹վǻ͵ɢҲعƽƽ֮У·˸ζ
޿ЩΣû飬Ӧ㡣
еأûκϵ
֪һӦһָķΪ˽ᡣ˽ᣬǺ̶ֳȶҪһݸΪ
һССĺߵԱߡ
ôˣ
ֻЩܶѡ
еĻƺûκεĹϵɵľܡ
ϸ˼·һкҶûκεĹϵȻĻܻ˾Щ
޿һβҪĳ嶯
ܹص뷨ܹ֪ڹ˼Щʲô
ûݣֻһŶѣǵ·ߣÿһ·һ˳ġ
˵ĺ̹ϡ
֪ܻ뷨ҵȷǺҸͳһսߵģ֪ڻ뷨ܹ̹ϵһ𡣡
һʧıֲûпڲܹ
ǰķ궼˹ڿѾʧΪͽֵ𣿡
Ǻɸ֣޷ܣڷ⽨Ĵݲ֮£˲ܹߵ󣬶ҲΪʲô飬ֻΪݡ
㲻ġÿ󶼻ӵУЩܻžͺѵģ̸మ
˵Ѿоı仯
򿡡ȷϲģһϲܹأ
޿վ˵ϾǰǸˣҲˣһжҶԶʧ޷ʵԸһ㡣
ţ˵һҪһ˽ʹĻɡ
򿡿Իúúõģ绨죬ˮꡣ
Ҳһʲô˲õĴ顣
̻֮俴ִıͬԴ˲ÿɷ
ûһǰƣĽôģǶ޷һ㡣ʵ̫ˣҲܹܡ
˵ô޷ܣһ٣ٶı˾ܾ
޿һģ֪ɷҡҡͷ
ʲôĻ֮Ҳûʲôĵˣӽɢɡ
ƺ˵ĸ鼴ߵյ㡣
һϮɫѳԵòʱˡ
ô
գգ۾ᶨ˵š
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νϢǿܹһеԿס
ң״˺ĸ״ͬ˵Ļ¡
˵ĺ棬ĸ̵ǰһ
޿֣صӣĿԴԥ
ˣˡ
⸱ģ΢иһܾõķɵнš
ҲʶģǼҴıڱ˳˵Ͽ޿ġ
ǼҴĸ̵Ȼĸ׶Ѿ˴磬˵ǶϿ㣬ϣ
޿˰֣˾ǲţԼѾôǱˣôܻӵаأ
ҵݡ
ݲʲô⡣ʱ˵ĺΣʲôҲˣҴ簮ҪĲݣֻҪһˣͲôˡ
ÿһ仰˵档
޿Ҳд
˵ĺеİݵĻֺα̫Ϊˡ
Ҵˡ
һ˵һҲ֪ʲôʱӯӯĹۿҪȥ磬Ǵͷ˹ȥ
ԸһϴĻ𣿡
򿡲ţʾ֭ǧְ취Ҫ˵޿ҲûκεİգƾһǻѪ׼Žȥһ
ȻǲˣڽץסһεĻᣬһҲˣٴʧȥ
ҺллܹһλᣬҶԣⱲֵڴʱ򡣡
Դͳϡ
޿ϸĿĸ̵Լ֮ɢŹԣĺ
ڼҲڸл
лܹõˣȥЩǷǡ
һԼҲҪеûԼܹһ
̫ˣ̫ˣ
һԹơ
ֲʱ˵ը̻ͷסһһͬǧǧ˸ǵĹ
Ӱ˳бüͷ򿡣ô


680 

ƺһƬ̻Ϊҹյ㣬ÿﶼôһֵۡ
̻㱵ĿŲǵ̻ĴԼͷܷܷէģһĨĸܡ
̶߰ɡ
ס֡ЦᣬòճɾˣҲȷһʱ䣬ǺúõϢһ
ԼӦν顣
ððȻң͵͵ĺҸ翪ʼкƻˣû뵽Ȼˡ
˵Ŀνһ˻ߡ
ܹɫӪĹӲԼᱻɫʱԼۣһһεıƷ
ʲôôҿĿתģ
Ļ֮ѵôᡣ
֮ǰһ仰˵ĺɫˣھ仰˵ĺеɫɲ͵ģҶã仰û˵Ҳûƭҡ
˵Ŀһֱ׳µ֮УġȻĹ
ôôϡŹֵ뷨ûа취
ν˵ε˼㡣ƺĹ۲һԺܹĿ֮оȻմȾ΢Ρ
ĻԼ֪ӦôúõĴܹˡ
˶ԴЩԹ
Ȼ͵͵İҸ绹ңһΪһҪ¾սء
˵Ҳ̹ϣ̶ⲻҺ³˸̵飬ԲŶԴ˸Ĺġ
ðɡ˵ЩԼĵУֻ￴ҲζŽż⣬Ժɲ׼ƭҡ
ա
һɫȹھĴ֮ϣһĨ
Ҫȥ
ҲûֻʱΪյǻԵʣ͢ڶ෱Ҳû취뿪ܹһ
ðɡ
̶Դ΢ʣһСԵЩ꣬鶼ѾˣҲû취ȥֻܾܹˣȻŵģǶƣ˵κһܾĻ
úϢͿҡ
ǰԼĳ־ӵ˼һ㡣
ĸļһƽ⣬ۺϵˣԵ˶˲١
ҲǾ᲻ѡ
֮ǰһֱǳ⣬Ļи̣ںòףܿԼŮˣ΢̾һ
̫ˡ
̲ס֪ģԼŮʵ̫ˡ
⸱ģŵļ
裬ް
׳ص˹
򺮺Ҳڼ
ܷܷҲźòײẓ̇ĳķԼĸпþöûмˣڻˣϽ
ⲻǰ鴦˾ͻ𡣡
˵ĶЩΣ֪Լ֮ǰַ˲٣ֻܹգգԼ۾¶һεζ
ܷܷҲһ˵һֺõڳڻﾡںúõĿɱް
Щꡣ
⻹Ǻþöûм֮ǰһֱָ̣߶أ⺢ôô¾Ϳô㣬ʲô鶼˵һ˵
˵𱸣˵ԼĹĶϡ
̸ϽĵͷһԲ
֪˵ĺܶԡ
͵Ĳӣȷ֪鲻Ӧȥˡ
ⲻʵæ鲻ֽòܹǣҲǸϽ͹ˡ
һ˵ţһίίݸһϣϽæ
ȴĻҪ˵
ЩҪ㽲
̻֪ʲôȴҪ񣬴ܹµʲô飬ǳǳЦЦ˹ȥ
ʲô
ܷܷһԺµ˾ҪʲôļҲûж˵
⣿
Щ֪룬һôоԼҪʲôĥѣһ뵽Щ
߻ü𣿡
ԡ
׿һ̾ģͬЩΡ
ģҲʲô顣
Ȼ˵ŵģһ˫֮е֢״غš
ܾûôء
е˶ڸรҪôˡ
ů⣬ĵɢϣҲܲκεů
ԭԼҵһˡ
ǰ棬鷿鷿ɢųϢҲ֪׾ʲôӣʲô飿
ʲôӰ


681 Ҫܾ

ͻȻòңԼҡ
һ֨֨صģ֪˵Щʲôȴȷˣŵ֮ǴĹС
αˡ
̱һͻʸͷˣ֪ʲôöź֪ʶˣԼĸھЩʲô
ܹҵģڵľɵģǲܹٺˣҲûк˵ĵˣսѾʤǲλӲܹҵ˵ġ
ܹ̹ϵĿ϶ԼҰģͬʱҲûʲôǷɵġ
λӵĻ˻ʺ𣿾ûС
Դ˷Ŀ϶϶˵΢С
ֻܹˡ
ͷ۵Ŀ̣ô֪龿жôӣȻ˻λڵΪֿȵ
㲻֪жôΪʲôͷβûи߸ǡ
ԥƬ̣ǽԼ뷨¶
֪֪ðŶķա
Ȼ֪еΣжôĴԲŲԸǣвпܾͻ۵ǣҾԲԸġ
һһ˵ԲԸ⿴ԼļܵĥѣȻԸ⿴ЩͬҲܲһ㡣
ƺԴбصľܾ
Ļ˼ű˴ˡ
˵һֿ
׻ĵ˵ͷû˵Щʲô
˵ôࡣΪ㣬ָʲôˣҪסʼվߵġ
ʼһжܹƽȻ͵Ľߡ
Ǽҳֵһģһܹ˸Ĺ
׻ĸһӵ
Ҫ֪ǼΨһĽǾġ
̲ӯģΪԭĸжΪһУδԼܹӦĳΪ˵
һΪΪҵҡ
δܵůİ⣬Ľһӵ
Ǽһ
״Ҷ仰ظһ飬̡
һЩҪ㡣
ΣȻһйϵĻô󵨵Ĳ²⣬ڶͻԼ޿ĻԼйء
޿Ǹʲôˣߵ
̻û뵽ԼĲ²ĳˣ֮ǰǲǶѼҴ͸ôˣַ𣿡
Щͷۡ
ֲǲ֪һʲôԸˣϱԵһӾͰѴұ˹ȥҿɲ֪Ǹôˣܹܲ
˵ĺ档
֪ĸǡ
Ȼ˵ĹԼԭģҲΪһȷġ
̺˵ţ޿Ȼһ㡣а취Щ飬ԲԣҸˣֲݡ˵֮ǰҲûз֮ʵ
޿Ҫװ磬һҲʲô¡
ȴܾﲻζ
ǿ磬绹ûгɼҵҿﲻ̫ҲòӦֱӵİƹȥû龿Ӧôźһ㣿
ҵǾôӣ磬һ𡣡
̿ĵҪɢǣﶼЩ⡣
֮ǰͬҵĻ£ΪʲôҪܾҸĻء
һ𣿡˵ĺ棬ͬԼ뷨ȫͲһ飬֪֪
ô̵֪һκվͬһ˵ģÿһֶޱȣҸԸܶ࣬Ϊ޿ֵñϲˣѵ;ʵİ鲻Ӧôֻܹ潻
Щҡͷ
˵һһֵܣҪæԸ⿴⽨һƷ
֪׻ЩûʲôãǸѵͲӦһӵ飿
˼˰֣ܵؽԼ뷨¶ķ
֪Լֲľǿ˼
ûǸĴ磬һߴһ·ô죿
ΪǴ磬Ҫڸ಻㺣
̾Ƶûе
֪粻ס̿ҿ󣬡ϣҲϸĿ顣
˵仰뿪ˡ
׻㱵Ŀ뿪ıӰȻЩĪۣ֪Ӧδ
龿ô
ô
üͷ˼롣
ܹԼһܺõĿ϶Ĵ𸴣ֺһȫȻʧá
֪һжӦǴ𰸡
ƿţ˼֪ô


682 νһƻ

ŶʱĻϲĿƺҪ͸ĿϸĶʲôȻ
ǣܿϧˣҡͷʾԼΪ
ſģ飬Ȼĸ׶Ѿͬ˵ĻҪܾĻҪǵ뷨ء
򿡷ĵ˵ͷ
ԣܹ˳ĻٺòˣһҪǽ˵Ļк·˼
Ȼɡ̳Ĭ˼Ƭ̣ϸķһڵ˵ţʱһĲеĻ͸޿һݣȻʣǴһʥּô
úе
Ҳܹ˵ͷ򺮣Ҳ뷨û㲻
Ŀ𣿡
С̽ʹȥ
̿׵ԼظԴ΢ʡ
ģˣǻء
ǵĺ˳Ƕ飬ͬҲ֪Ǿʲô뷨
Ƴ̾һǵͷһۣҲû뵽Ȼ

ڵĴȣѾʧˡ
㿴⸱ģεҡҡͷ
⺢ӣһ֪㾿ʲô𣿼Ȼ֮ǰѾӦ㣬ڣ뷨ͺˣ飬ĸǶţǻ¸ʲô
˵ϡ
̶Щ˼ˣҲ֪Ϊ飬㾿жǷĵģǡ
׾һҴˣҲûа취ˣ
֮һϸϸţѾһʢļˡ
һۣתݸ̡
̻֮仹֪ʲô飬һдŵ֡
ҵˣ
һţû뵽ģãȻգգ۾
ôһ£
̧ͷҲúõĿһʲô
˼ϸĶһ浹дģȻΪԼ顣
д˺ܶ࣬ôͨ׵Ļ˵ΪһϸĺܲףϣܹúõһҪʵٶ
뿴⸱ģεĴЦһ
ô룿
һܹô밡Ҹ¶ҪˡѻԼ£ÿ𣿿һ˺ܾá
ҲǰԼ뷨赭дĴ˳ܹڵ״
ΪȻĵ˵ͷЦݡ
㻹Уûз˵ЩΪʲô
̻㱵գգ۾ô⻰дһʶ˵Լأüͷ
⻰Ǹʲô˼
ȻǾûô򵥣Ӧôӳ飬ҲһµķҲ˲
Ȼ˵ġ
һֱԱߴߴ˵ͣȻԴ뷨뷨ҲȷнϴôܹʹõĻᡣ
һ¶ȷһõķʽû뵽ҵȻǾɻ顣
̿һ棬ЦЦȷЩãȻ޴룬û뵽װܹõֵز롣
תתܹˣʵǿĲѡ
뻺дһʥּ
޿ĽӵĹһжʵڵģνΣȥϽȥ׷ԼҪ顣
ƹµƯţҡҷ˵ĲǺ֦ͷŨĻ˷ܡ
޿涵ţֽдûˮīϢƮ񣬻ĵ뷨̡
ڿʼӦý޿ˣź֣ͬʱҲݡ
һڴĩǳ񼴽ʼ
ѳ֣ҲԵȻá
̶Դ뷨һˡ
ȻҴҪ˵Ļҹưɡ
̴ŰƱҪһõĻ
򿡵ȻԴûʲô뷨ֻ֪ǹ龫֣뷨
źҲ΢Цš
òµݣٹľЩ鰮֮УҲŶĻҲܻżȻۣԵ֣עӵȫµİ顣
ԣ˵һƵʱûԸܾġ
Ļ˷ܵ˼Ĵ⣬Ŀ飬Ƴ
벻ȻԸ⿴Ļϲģ
ЩʲôɣڣֻҪԸٰһĻ񶼿ԡ
˵ˣȻҲûȥܾģֻҲøóֵź뷨
ҪһʮĻľûʲô뷨ˡ
źԼҪ˵


683 ׼

ȥһĻ˵ѡ
Ҳܶࡣ
۪۪ܷܷͶźټųһССӡ
ĸһ˼
뷨һ׼׺һεʽ񣬴󵨵Ĳ˻ɴƣȻҲǹƹŴ˱ص˼άʽûдĽиĶ
ǻȵһʾͼĻ˲ĵȹ͸ţģ͹ڵ
źһԿޱȣûͨͨļ£˶ƺͲ֮ͬļΨһ֮ǰʺʱķ⣬ϼʱĺױ
˵ʵϴҶֻ֪߸ѣʵѾƯϼһļɽʲôģˡ
ϲһ𣿡
ѯһȻһʺԼɫŴոջửõͼȻ˵ǰչ
ҪڸӿĵطٰҲԣԹİѻľٰ쳡¶Ļ԰
Ӧֶʢ
۪۪һ߶Ľѡ
áͻȻʲô飬Ȼ̵䣬ʱҺÿµĻҲһҪǽоٰ죬ҲҪôÿĻ񡣡
˵Ŀνһһ
ֻȰǵĻⶼһһĴӦҲ֪Щ黹Ҫֵز
ܷܷȴ⣬Ͼ֮ǰҲæְæ
ÿ԰һЩʴͲʵƣȻһЩ꣬ÿһ㡣
ܷܷ˵Լš
۪۪ͬҲԼ뷨ָָͼһࣺҾõʱȫǴȻǾһ
ź⼸ܹóʱ򾿾һ龰ˣΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ЩƶҲúܺÿĻʱ˷ܻء
Լ뷨˵
ͬǵ˵ͷ
Ҳ˵ӻܺÿʱһرɫȫԲַʽһ˵һűʸǻ˼ʣֵʾ⣬ʱߵ룬ǾͿʼȻٷڡ
Ŀǰ̨ܹӣǵ̨ӵʱ򣬾ͽܴҵף
۪۪ȡֽм仭̨ӣͬʱҲűԱ߼һơ
֮ǰ̨ӿ˵ͤͤûʲôɫǵķ֮¶㡣
ͦÿģȻٶһʴװƷڱϡ
ܷܷҲ֮ͬжԴоһ
źⶼЩ˼ˣû뵽ǻԼô飬֮ǰԼӦõǣڼϲõϢҪǾԼô侲侲ġ
Ѿȷ˴µķҾͺܷܷһȥȻѸĶˣʱҲˡ
򿡿ǺＱ˼㣬ղײգѡ˰֮Ƶա
ҸǸˣҲҪ֡
Щ˼˵š
ź˰֣ڵֻͨĴҹ㣬СѣݲߣҲ͡
ҲʲôȻϲĻͶô
ǰÿһ仰˵ĺϣܹԷһѡأҲò׼ź⾿᲻ϲƵһأ
úܺÿɡ
һѡķ
е豸֮УǾľ֮ǰ趨ĸʽĽֵƺ͹ơ
̺ܷܷԼ״ڽϣҹɫһƬƻԻ͵ҹ֮£ϸ˼ţĿյʺϵʱǰΪװƷ
ܷܷһӣѡ˲١
һ˼һѡ˼źÿƣĽǰ˷λϡ
Ҽǵǰ滹һЩܺÿġ
ܷܷΪ˷ܵҪȥԣѾþöûгȥˣһץסʱ
εıǣǰȥȻЩΪʲôҪôżǿ⸱ģȻһٶ
ҹɫԾ¹޼ɵ˸Ŀҹɫжô
һֱ˳żǰţļǰ滹һĹƣܺÿϼյҲ㲻ͬЩԾ
ղͷԼһֱһ˸ȥһֲϰٶȽĸţܾʲô⡣
ܷܷҲ񾭴ִ󣬴ЩϸȻڸƽ֮ͼ̫ƽ
΢΢ĶˣŲתţȻӰҲԼ


684 

ɲŻôС飬ڣ̶һ˼ϸ˼һȻסܷܷ֡
ܷܷЩãȻĿ
ôˣ
ڸСһ㡣
̻û뵽ʲôֻ֪ܹţϣСһ㣬˵󲻴˵СҲСģǵиʲô
С
ǸҲӦûôĵӡ
ȴμɣҺĿģǳġ
ǺҲûмǰߣǰ߾ûʲôˣһи̵Ļ¡
ܷܷһģҲ˵Щʲô֪ףֻܹͷ
ߡ
˵Ŀνһ
á
˵׼Ͻ·

Ǹ˺ͻȻţµԼǱˣŵظȥЩ졣
⣿
ͻȻͣ˽Ų
ҪĪľٶܷܷЩãȻգգ۾Ҳ֪Ǹʲô
ǣ
ѯһҲȷ
̻ͷһԼʵʵҲֱ治ǸʲôģˣȻʵʲô
Īɴժɴһˡ
Һòķ֪ҪҪЩ˵
û뵽˻⸱ģҲЦԷǵġ
ܷܷ֮ǰʶüͷѯǿʶ
һ˼⣬һʱʱĳ۹⣬ĪɴޣĪɴټڵƹӳ֮¶һ͵ĹԣҲʲôˡ
ʲô֮ǰһֱ˵Ҫȥһˡ
Īɴһȿ޻ҪѿЦݡ
Ҿǳˡ
̲ԵĿֻԼĺɫµӣ泶ţ¶ںڵࡣ
찡
ܷܷһûпôµĶ
üͷʲô
Īɴ˱ʾԼйùġ
Ҳ֪ʲôһ߾ͷ˲ԾȻһ赹˼ԺͷԼֵһĺۼ
˵Ŀйίģû뵽ȻԼϣĪĻƿԼ⻨صӰ쵽ˣȴҲ֪⻨ƾǴģʲôãֻܹίͰ͵̡
һҪңĲ֪ⶫǴģʲôϵҲֻܹˡ
Ҳԭ
̰һģ˵ͷ
ȻףǵȻصʹ棬ϸİ㿴һнİ취ģڲҪ̫ġ
ȰܹãѾεĪɴޡ
ĪɴʱǼתˣ֪ⲡʲôʱԼڵģЩϤΨһܹҲֻˡ
ܷܷһʵЩûа취Ļǲǻ⣿
Ҳ֪Щ⾿ʲôǿ⸱ģĵ˵ͷ
ĻҪ̫ģǻҲûʲô
ܷܷǵ⡣
Īɴ̫˽⣬̽Եѯʣܷܷ֪ʲôء
⸱ģź̺ϤҲ֪֮ǲʲôԹǷǡ
Īɴˬʵ¶һĨЦݡ
Īɴޣҵ֣ĳƺ
˱ŴСĹơص˻ʹ档
һȻ㹻ȨǷȥһεĻ񣬵Ҳû뵽ǾȻΪֵز
ǵĿ΢΢ĴĪɴ޵ʱ򣬾ɵ
ôˣ
˳Ŀ˹ȥһãȻӣ˾ʲô飬Ǻ˵Ŀһ顣
ĪɴޣǽȥʱһɫĶҵĿ֮ܺǰ
˶ԼϡҲ֪ôӦæΪȻģ˵ͷҲûж˵Щġ
á
ġ
þöûУʲô֢ˣЩڴĲ
Īɴһ롣
Щܹ˵˵𣿡
ʲôݡ
뿴⸱ģҲǺʶȤѯһ
ʲôݣкҵۣ
Ŀ⽥²ʮа˾ŻĪаܲɷֵĹϵ
ҵȻԭʼһεۣ𣿡
ѯһ


685 ʱ

էէԼԼ˲ƪ
Īɴ޼䵭ǰλ֮ϣ롣
ʱϸĴڸݵģ¶һĨЦݡ
еҪӵ
Ͼ֮ǰǴ˳Ҳͬˣȡ˲ٵľ飬Ҳûʲô֣ѵ𣿡
ǴݣԼã޴Լ뷨ȫͶ˵Ҳʲôʧĵط
£㾿Ҫ˵ʲôҲõģ̶ĻĲܹҩԱġ
ĪɴѹҲΪĵġ
ҴЩֻЩñҪĺ˵һ˵
ĪɴޱԼֱۣ¶ĳĬ
ϸһȻȴ룬Щε̾һ
˵ģҪǣҵλǹˣǾǷǲȥģ֪Ψһֻܹˡ
Īɴ޵ôһֲԤУ̵ĻܲɷֵĹϵ
޷ȷڵһл᲻˵Ĺϵ
Īɴ˵ĺ棺Ҳ֪ڵĹϵܽţҴսһ֮ǰҲ֪˱߹ص顣
ͬЦ貣ԼһСС塣
ǲҪһ¡ȻҵݱȲǣǹܹԼģһԱ㾫񣬵Լ
·ȿ⸱նģȻѰ֮ǰغһ
ǰȫһ
Ҫģ𣿡ĪɴչԼֱҲĺɫۼֻҪȥѡ
תҪ뿪ȴ˵ͷ
޺
ǹ貵Ĺ
̳ҹɫ鷿档뻹ǰһͷ۵ĴЩֻһɫţ˲ע
ӡٻôĺɫɫԽԽ˵Խ
ʲô
̿⸱ģѯţҲȵľ
εҡͷְŷ⴫
Ҳʲô飬õĹȹģֲǲ֪
̽ͷϸĿ˿ԭǹڷ۪۪ҹ»顣
ڰҪˣ𣿡
̽ͷ˵һ˷ܡ
ղײգ絽ʱһɣҲؽ֮á
һ㡣ΪȻĵ˵ͷ
̶Ȼҵ˼뵽һȥˡ
ͷϸĹۿ˰졣
ڻģ֪ԽһС¶һĨֵЦݣѾһ롣
Īɴ޵׼ô
뻹ǲϣ̫ðգȻܹ㲻ĽϣҲϣգ̫鷳
ЩʱɲҡԼĴܹҽκĻǶ԰һĪɴ޿϶ԼʱȻôǲ׵ҵǵģȻ˵ĻҾ黹кܶأ˵Բԣ
˵ĿԺ档
ģᡣ
һ˽ӣͻȻҡҡͷ΢̾һĳ̶ֳϣԼİʲô鶼ĻһִܸС
ʵʱϣʲô֪ܾһЩʲôܹ˽׵Ļ˵һʲôã
ҲҪԷƱΪ㣬ҲžԼ
˵ս޲ʤ
ֻҲ֪ܶ鶼ܹѸٵĽΪ㣬Ҳףֵñġ
ԭĸ飬뻹ȶ
뻺صͷϵ֡
Сһ㡣ĪɴϵҲǿˣûô򵥣ᱻ˺
̿ҡҡͷȻ֪㶼ǹġ
Ҳôңҿò׼һ漰ˣɵúúõңһİЩģҪȥˡ
Ƥգ۾Ȫˮӳ
ҿɲǱˡҿ̣һôõ·ѵ㻹𣿡
뵱Ȼףͬ¡
»ĳһʧȥԼİˣҲκεء
ĪɴϵˣȻһû˽Ϊʲôԭģܹ֤ܹκõģһҲˡ
˵ĺ档
΢΢ĵ˵ͷ
Ҿͺͷˣ¸³ʱ򻹲˶һѻ˰ɡ
̵˵ͷ֪ƹܣں


686 

²ˣɵ಻Ĺ¡
ĶøˣڲҪڵ飬ҳҲӦģΪԲ»һݡ
뻹һּ⣬Ǵϲ֮ա
۪۪֮ǰһֱ߶˵Ҫ취̸ԼһλڻڳˣԼĻ
ķΧǡôõ壬ǾޱȵȻѾŪá
̾ԼЩҡĪɴֱЩ˺۶ѣʵϲûж̫ˣͬӦļǿʼæ
͵һ졣
۪۪һֹ˵һ仰ҹ¡
Īɴ޲ɵЩĽǸ֪Լܳá
̱⸱ģҡҡͷ
ͱˣܹȺģҽЩȫԺȥ㿴
֮ǰУۿһ
Īɴǲ֢أֻΪڼԭ򣬶˲ɵ
֮ǰѾѹҲ㿪һЩƽȰҩ㾡ܷģԲʧġ
˵ĺ
գգ۾һصʾʵһҲûʲô¡
ҵЩǾáĪɴ޲ĨĨԼֱۡ
ܾûô򵥣ңĻĸоʵڸ̫ǿҵӡˣҼֱܹ϶һܷġ
Īɴ޾Լ˻þ
Ȼ뷨Ļȥź￴
źǶЩŶݼ׵һֻ۷ĻҲͨˡ
Īɴ޻֪֣ɻͶĿ⡣
ź˭
һȻȽϸӣ˸
Īɴ˵ͷҲ̾һû뵽ôۣô۸ӵĸ档
ȻమҲһ׵顣
˼ĸ̾һ̵İ֮һ䲢Ƿķ䣬е滨ľķƮڿ
ģ͸οյĵ񻨴ͶӰһǵĹ
ź֮ǰȸӵĵ浾һɫȹ˶üĴŵһˡ
ô£
źȵķʣĴŵ΢Цȴʱֹͣ
ʵҲûʲô¡
̳Ͻ˵š
ʵҲý͡
̳º͵ЦЦ⸱ģĳ˵һֱ룬ӦôĪɴ޵ֱ۳һɫ״塣ֻܹȷ
ǾĪֶˣ
źⴹĿ⣬ѯһȻҲֿԼ
Īɴ޶˵ͷ쿪Լַ˿
źȷܹǴĿĵĺɫӰһһŵƣֱ֮ӿе
⿴ȷʵڵģǰ֮ǰ˵ģ״һĻǾԲܳôࡣ
ЩȫڵɫͷĿ¡
Īɴεĵͷ
Ϊԭź⾿Ǹʲôһֿܡ
촽ûж˵Щʲô
㿴ǲôһ£
ĪɴĻϸоһƤ¶Ⱥе䡣
⼡¶Ҳ̫ˡ
Ŵ˻شһȻܹܵ¶ȺѾ˲١
ǵϵʱҲûзѵǽųֵģ
գգ۾
Ҳ֪ǸʲôĻ֪ôźˡ
ƺÿһ֣ܰƵ޿ˡ
԰ꡣ
źһ˵һóˣһˮ͵Ĺ
ҪƽŶݼ֮ҪĶˮˣˮܹа۵㡣
̿⸱ģһ߾Ĺ۲š
ȣˮҡȦܹܵϢˮڲɢͬһĽɢţû֪⾿Ϊʲô
ź۾дʡ
ĪɴĪһЩ֣ˮƺĪһˮͬպɻһ㣬ϷһһĴֱȡȥȻʵˮ档
Ŀ࣬ҽҪ
⡭
ĪɴܹܵɫϢԼԽԽ󽥽ʧֱҲۿɼģٶȻøӰ
ⶼƭ
źɫȴòҵޱȣİѩļϡ


687 

Ȼ
̰ʲôֻ̽һȻҧ³һںѪ
Īɴʶĺһ
źסˮȻˮһеĺɫҺһ˲ȫıŷ
ܹ
иʴԵҺ壬սľ
źĿ˼ƺ⻨
СģҺǾиʴԽԶԽá
źȭҡҡͷ
Īɴ޾Լܿ죬ͨһ׹ڵء
̿⸱ģЩãȻͶһĪɴޡ
ʲô
˵ãȻˣûиʲô顣
źⰲĸš
Īһһʼʴľ񡣡
֮ǰĻܹͨĪɴޣӮ⽻ͺõĳڿѡ
ûж˵ʲôİ׸ȴĳҡҡͷƺڴЩʲô
̴˴ӱ˹һССľľϸضһȻβûţͻһۿˡ
һŰɫСֽ˳
źĪɴ޷ŵ˴ϣֻúȵ˲ϢϢܹˣҲʲô
Ȼţʵ϶ǶԲʲô¡
ܹ
źҲЩģ́Ŀ⣬ȥһ̾ʲôǿɫͻȻһ䣬ٱģﰵһá
¡
֪׸ĳ־ζʮа˾Żд·ںѹܣ飬ȻĪайϵ
Īа֪Ǵ㵽˰׸ͨдһţ˵ҪһĪɴ޺úõ̸һ̸ҵ̸ܺʲôȻ
ͷβҲһֱҲûʲô̸ġ
ĪɴΣĪаĲܲˣҪԼ̸
뷨ܼ򵥣ͬء
źⶮڵĽѡ
죬Ȼʱź̸Ļź㽻׵ĳ룬鲻Ҫ
ȻҲĪа
һҰĲμңҲܹ˵ʲô
Ρ
׵ĵΣԶգȻȻŸʽȻϢ໥š
뻶¥ݣŻ쳺
쳺Ѿˡֻܹͨ۵ĹͷԽӳһεģƲ쳺
뿴ҵЦ𣿿㵱˻ϵλӣ˶ѣھĽ
쳺ν˵һ˵ȻѾήĲˣǲ˵
ܹͬ˺ܶķ쳺ԲȥģҪʹԶεһţĥһõķʽ
ʲô£Ų㡣ĬΪӻҾͻŹ㣬ΪҵĺõܵܣжٵЩ㲻ڣʱضп
̫ױ˴ˣ̫ԷҪЩʲôȴͬվһĹܸУĳʱĳ̻һЩ֪á
ʵ̫˽㣬֪ҪһоΪʲôѵֵزҲûʲô⡣
쳺κ˶֪ܿǴʲôʹѵĻ
αָ
ڶݵ˻λϣµı˵棬ԲûʲôϵֻǰѼһһطѡ
һ⵹û뵽ġ
ܺ档
̶鲻Ҳ⡣мǰĳƺֻҪԽԽƽԽ֪֮ʵûиҡ
ˣѵһô׵ľͷŹɣԲᡣ
쳺һЦúǳ졣
ҴͷβûϣܹŹңǴ̵ĻҵǾҸ߹ˡ
ѹԼĲθУȲĵȴڳ嶯֮аԼɱ˵龰
˵ʵڻģҵһ춼ȵ̫ˣҵʧˣôɱңѵ㲻㻹ǵҳ͢޵
λʱ͵͵鱨һȫµľӣרΪһ£ͽ޵
ȻѾ̨ˣ޵ڳ֮͢ϣֻҪЩ뷨޵ͻ
ͬ˵˵ͣд΢ĹС
ûӦôأ
쳺ѾȲڴˡ


688 

һ꽽ⴺյġ
ĪɴλõĴ˯֮ѣоԼӹǺǱȭһһЩͷ۵ҡҡ֡
ôˣ
Ȼˣʲôˣֱ׳ʶź⣺ǲǿҪˡ
ź⹴Ц̽⸱ģЩΡ
ʲôôܻء
Īɴ޾ԼڵЦݿǱȿ޻ҪѿЦݣεҡҡͷ
ҺģϾҪˣ㲻ҪƭҺòãϾҪ˵Ļ͸һʹɣҲܱá
Ҫ̫࣬˭˵ϾҪ˵ģʵ㻹ܹúúõġźļ򣬸֮쿪֣ĸ첲ʾ⡣
㿴ԼѾûЩˣ˵һжķڽţġ
Ҳţɵ˹
Īɴ۾漴ڿĿ⣬ЩԾʱ򣬺֪ؿ
ôˣ㣿Ƿʲô𣿡
ԽǵˣԽǶЩ˽
̳ҡҡ֣Ȼ˵ʱһҪúõģҲ׼ȥ
Ϊʲô
ͲסԼĺģѯһ
Ѿдһţ̸֮ף㲻£ûа취ĻӲİȥһҪǷֿĻǻܹ㱣
˵ϡĪɴҲԣص˵ͷ
ƽ³һãû鷳
ڴ󲡳ϢϢǵĻˣҲܹմմϲ
˵͵
̱ʾãʱһֱͷҪƴһ
뿴һ²ӣҲɵЩڴ
㾿ʲôˣ
㿴֪֮ˣұ֤ԲṼڴ϶ܺÿ
Դ˻Լһĵģ鲻ܹ֤ܹ֤ǺÿĻֳ
ŵεεĴţϲķΧ
Ųͬɫ˳
ⶼǾİŵģҲǵϲã˲ٵĵ
ͬǴɫķϼǴˣͬķɡ
źŵĴɫ·нĹ͸¶͸ˣţͬһڵסļϸϸȥ׹ŵıʯ飬ɢĹ󣬾Ө͸
ֻʩҲܳʳףһͷЦͬƶ䣬һѤƮŮ
۪۪ȻһַĴɫͶԷ΢ǳһЩһȹŵأ澫µĻƲţвٵõ廨·
ҲǶһϺõĺ챦ʯճ۪۪ͬһͷģƺŹǵħڷеЩ
ÿ
һԹơ
ЩͬŵǱ⣬̨صʣĵطǻŽش˷ģΨұߵĵطһһԲЩ͵
ĿһصģڴǱ붴

뻺̾һĿⷴš
ôˣ
̻㱵գգԼ۾һģ鲻Խѯʾʲô¡
ֻǾõʱʵǴˡ
̿ģҲԤϵˣȻڻ£ЦЦ
㵱۲ʶ̩ɽȻñǺ۸ġ
Ȼһеһжǹȥ顣
ҲЩ
İš
ڲ㹻ˣ
λõĵ˵ͷֻʵɸ봫Ҳ֪˰ɣ׼ôأ
Դпɲǵĸԡ
ĪаúԼ⾿ܹܲ»ҪһʺŰɣ뷨ĻΪ
ҲԷ񶨵̬ȣĪаȫֵˡ
Ȼ˵ţȴԼԼϣҪٿʼսˡ
ҲϣٴεսˣҺòƽ
Ĳ̡
ʱ´á
޻㱵Ŀţ¹ӳԽԽˣҲ΢̾һ
֪Щ뷨ӦڼǰӦʧڴ˾۲ѡ
ĿתضԼ̧ͷޡЩȵҪתƿߣû뵽ԷԼѣֻǾ˾Ʊ΢΢һЦ
¹Ĵ¾ԵòС


689 ǧ˼

ǧַ֤Լ
޾ǻ̵̻һЦѾΪҹһǡ
Ǿ㷹
õĽҲ⡣
̻ЦЦǰʹķﳵĿ񣬿ȴԼλԱһŷ⡣
üͷ˹ȥ
Īаģ
ȫܹµ˲࣬ôʱпܵһ
š
ҪЩʲôˣôɵǻɵ
ôһʵĶ󣬰زǲܹС
֪ѶԸֱεવǻص˻ʹʹһл޵飬ȶ
ϸĴһУ˵Щ㱡
ѵҪһ˶ϡ
ӵĿ϶֪ģĪаĿĲݵ֮ǰѾεҪԼ˻ᣬԲưոݵġ
뿴ģЦһ
ѵͲ𣿡
̶²ҪԼϣЩˬ
ϲ飬ҾҲԹæ
ʵǲܽܣΪʲôÿһζһ˶ԵĳЩѣ޷̹ϵĽһʵڶ˵ĺܿ϶
Ҳȥʲôˣҵ뷨ͺܼ򵥣ҲܹٽܣûӲܹȥʧȥ
ȥ黹ĿȻǵһη飬һĽܹĽ֡
ΪһҶܡ
ᶼûסͿ˳εĵһƺ뷨
֪ԼЩеԲ̡
Ҳϣúõġ
֮ǰӦͦԵ˭Ҫ뿪˭˭Ҫʧȥ˭ԶһòãҪȥЩˡ
ԸԼ뷨̹һ㣬ԸԼ
ҵһʵǵȵ̫̫ˣľȥԡ
¾Ĵš
̻֮俴߽ĺɫ·ڳţڵĲҲ
ĬãһǲǵĹִ֪Լûоܾء
ҵȻӦ㣬㡣
˵Ŀνһ治Ը⣬Ϊ黹뷨
л֮䣬ƺ͸˹ȥ顣
˻ǴһµЭ
ҲԼڻ֮мҪʧȥʲôɬûκεв
ƺǣڴƮ˲ɵƮ֮УھѵõЩã޴롣
ĪаԼĵصԼĵطԼһССĿջƽƽ棬ȴǽʿǾǰĵط
ǶԣҲʲô
üͷһۣûж˵ƺӦδ
Īа˳ȾһɫѣȻᣬ⸱ģܸһֲ׽֮У·ڻ˼˼
ˮѾ
յƷζŲˮĪа
쳺ͬһصĺȣһˮȻӵ
ҵΪ㻹вٵı¡
ʵҲûʲô£ֻֻе¶ѡĪа֮ǰȶһݴݲȣڼǣϵĶѾ˲٣Ȼ˵ĻԸԸƾǡ
ǰȨ׵Ľǵϣɲһķ񡣡
Щ˵ţôεĽ֣ĪаһôɥĲΪĿĲֶΣеȫ
һҲûʲôˣֻǷŲҵĵܵܣҵöѡ
رļ֣Ȼ˵ˣһԲԵζ
ȴѹҲ⣬̫ˡ
ͲҪ˵ĻƭˣҪõĻ;Բ
Īɴ޳ԵĿҲǿģôѵǿۣɲš
бüͷϸĹۿһңĳһ鵰⡣
Ҳš
಻Ŷǵ顣
ǣ˴ǣҾãҪǺʲô͸Ͻ˵ˣҲûʱȥ˷ѡ
Īаת죬Ҳʧˣ֮ǰĵ٩
ȻĻô͸Ͻ˵ˡ
˼Ƭ̣ڰѴ¶
ֻҪܹԸһæͿˡ
̿ûôǰȴ
仰˵ҺܻɣԸǴͳһЭ飿
Ҳǲӷ
ͬԵ׵Īа


690 

һ޵Ŀ⣬ĳ̶ֳЩԶԡ
Īа뵽鷢չôͷۣû뵽ôͷʹޱȡ
ȻǶԸҵĻһǻóҵĳ֤ģֻҪͬĻܹñ߾ĺƽȡ
̳Ĭû뵽ԷȻô󷽡
Ȼô󷽣ҵЩ㡣
ͬζĵ˵ͷɱеĳࡣ
ʵʵڵĺ̸ôһζûеĻ˵Ҫôܹǣ֮䵹ûʲôĵ顣
Īа䷳İѿɬĲˮ˽ȥûа취İ취ǿŶԷԼӣֻ޴ʹ
ô󷽵ˣô󷽵ľȻóôǽкҺѲ㡣
һֱһ仰¿ûѵ͡
Īаƽϣ˾ȻܹĽôǮơ
Ҳš
ͬ˵뷨ֻȲˮĶӵȻԵá
˵˵ôܻôɺϵ飬ó
Īа֪ԼҪе˵һ׵ףȻĻǾԲԼģǺɫİѿ쵭ŵ档
뿴Ĳõı㣬Щţû뵽
û뵽㻹ı¡
գգ۾֪徿ҪϸĽĿͶ˹ȥشһ⿴ƽƽ壬Ӳ濴ȻһССĺۼ
дʲô֡
ЦЦ
ǱӦɣӦ뵽ôһģԺûа취ܽЩˡ
Īаɬ̧˴ǣ˵Ŀ϶
Ȼ˵ĻҲת⣬ͺúõһ԰ɡ
תͷ룬֪ʲô飬ǶĿ⣬Ȼ뷨ġ
ƺԴˣֻҪԹԵ뷨ͺˡ
ȻѾ˵Ļǿܹء
Īаǳһѵֵز
ԾһãȻ޴ģҲ֪ʲô顣
ʲô
бб̧ͷϸһ
ȥһ˵ӵģҲϣø֪顣
ĪаΪȻ֮ǰĮȣڿɶһݼ顣
߽˿棬Ŷܹʾ׵ˮīʾһŰΧӣһ໨ƿ
Īаݲȵ̫ʦϣⷿˡ
¶һĨ䵭΢ЦԱߡ
мһԲİԲӡ
ʶİĵطϰԵȴһҲţϸĿţŵһ
ǽྻ£һʽĽɫ˿Ϊ֮Ǿ¸
Եøҽһ¾ʲô˰ɣǶ൱Ϥ
ҺһڽԼԣһ䷿䲢֡
ĪаݲȵƷζһں衣
ȻԵõĽӹ˻⣬޵УҲĬ
ҲʲôֵģЩģ˭Ӳ˵ġ
˵һˮīŪһԵıӣȻһˮ˹ȥոջģɽˮĻ棬ھͷ˷츲صı仯̫
ҶЩò̫ҪǸҽһ¡
ʶҧŴ˵Щʵû̫ʶΧֻܹжԷˡ
뻺ص˵ͷ
ʵͼ㿴ҲûʲôϵصĪҵ䡣
һ˵ţһ߽ĿǳǳĪа
̻ȻղŻΪʲô֮ǰһֱЩڱصã׶Էߡ
ĪаݲȵػӦš
ȷ˵Ǽһֱһ䣬ûܹʮꡣ
ⲻǺĴһ𣿡
գգ۾
ΪԭϣܹҾȾҵĵܵܡ
ǿӵлѪˣȻĻ㲻ô˵ĿνһĶǣĻҵûи߹㡣
Цݻ͡
ѵ֮ǰ飬ԲŻ뷽跨ĹϣҾĵܵܣԲԣ
ĪаȻЩڱģûκξܾȨ˵ǰ취ֻܹʱȥ
ҵȷһ취ûСֻܹϣܹҡ
ĳ̶ֳϣǱࡣ


691 

һ仰׾Ȼ󲨡
ĿݵĪа
ȻôˬľͰཻǣҲӦʧŶԡ
ĵĵ˵ͷһ˵ȡҵĺƽٺ㲻
ǡôܹ֤һһߴĿڴͳһۺɫС裬ɢһĨµŵȻŵĪаֱߣȻǳĳҪһЭĻôңǾжġ
˵ϣĪаԼûа취ȥɢˡ
ҩҲһᶨʱĸϼҲڴܹͨԼķʽ⿪ⶾ
ⶼǱ˶ⲻ˵ġ
ڽ棬ȥһҽҹºҹӰԲܹͼ֣Դŵģġ
˵ŻЩҲ֪ԼĽǴģֻƮҡ
ĪаҧһҩȥûоܾȨҪȻĪ
ͺˡ
ԷЦݣĪа΢иһԣʲôܼ򵥡
ĪҪȥڵ
Ϊ˽ĺףȷľĪ״ֻܹ֤ͨ·ǶǴ
ҪȥһֻĻҲܹ֢ҩ
Ҳֵ
֮ǰȽˡ
Īаҹ΢Ȼĵ˵ͷԥһ仰ɴǲǻ
ܹ׽֮еС
ѹ⵱¡ҲЩɻţ֮ǰ飬ֲرֳһģ
ڷè޺ӣٴȱļʵģ
Īа赭дĻ۾µ˵κεĻ
֪֮ǰˣҪȥҲ鷳иҺһɡ
õһ֮չֳˣӱܵģ
⸱ģҲ֪ǹģʹſƣ֪ڸġ
֪ԭе˶üͥԼߡ
˵ţ΢΢̧ͷһĨЦݡ
ĪаɬЦݲܹԣԼֵһĨɫѪۼĵҡҡͷƺԸ˵Щʲô
̵ȻĲԾգգ۾Ǽ״ֹ
̳ӻڷʲôԾҲԸ˵Լ⡣
һССķӣƽƽ棬ܹĴ̸š
Īаǰǽܣ
һ˵ţһ߾Լ䵽˼㣬ǣĬѵõĴĿ⣬̡
ϣζܹҲܹʧȥҵĵܵܡ
̵˵ͷ˹ȥʱûзʲôԾ
վǵԱߣҲûж˵Щʲô顣
˶Ǿĵƿľӣһ˾棬˸ĵȻ
ƺķ꼴ҪкܹڿɬЦ￩һ£ͻȻһֲõԤУûô򵥡
Ȼ߽ϸĲ鿴һܹ֮Īݺ֮ǰʧȥеɣҲҰ׵ˡ
֮ǰӡĪһǧĵˣȻжϢ
Լеĵȫж¡
̶˵ԣͷϸĹĦһûʧ
Ī˵˻Ǻõġ
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һ˵ţһϸĻͷѯţʲôʱεˣ
ǰ
Īа˵š
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費Ҫǹæ
⵹ҪֻҪ취һЩˮڵ¶Ⱥ㶨䣬齻ˡ
ķԸȥ֮󣬱㿪ʼסֽ֣ܵıůͨԺ󣬲Ŵָ⼷һѪҺ
ѪҺɫ֣ȺɫҪһ㣬ǱȾƺɫҪһ㡣
ǲˣ֮ǰҪѸ㡣
һ˵һҪҩ壬֮ǰеʱ򣬷Ǻģ˵ûκε⣬֪ľͰͶݸķ档
֪ʲôҩľǴӱԴϸһС
ڲòо˼
ڡĪûһſεСûκεѪɫ
̿⸱ӾȸϾǹԭĸҲΪҪ顣
᲻һֱ
ĪаһһѯһԴΪ⡣
⵹ᣬֻҪһŲҩֽݲݡ
ûа취ĵܵڵʱȽ⣬ǳЩŶݼ׵ԭľԵҪѷɫܶ࣬Ҫ˱Դ
ĳ˵ţĿʱʱĪа
һֽһˮȥ֮˺ܶࡣ
̵ͷĸֹѪֹѪҲβһС
ڵ׼òҩʱ䣬ȥ˵Ļ֢״ֻᵽһ߶ȣҪ¸ҩˡ鷳
ﶼ²ۣȻڹŴִ֢鷳ˣִѳ׸˵ڹŴҽƼѷĻ֮¡
Сi֮ǰЩҩ裬еãеûá
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ǵȻҡ̳ˣ˦ְԼϵѪȫĲ˸ɾĪаܹҵҩĻкܴĸܹȰѣȻķβ顣
Īаס
˱ݲݣҪʲô
һۣһԵһŰֽд˸ʽĲҩеģеδŵġ
ЩӵĲҩҪҵ˳ϣҲаܹĪκãҲĻͲ˵ˡ
һ˵һֽ߰˹ȥҲ֪㲻ʲô⡣
ĪаȴûãǵĹϳӯЩҲѲ
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Ȼ뷨ҲǺõģô͸Ͻȥɡ
ĶشӦһҪ
ĪаΪȻĵ˵ͷ
ʱϢضȹˣǶȴûкѡ
˸֪Ѱҩһܼѵ飬Ҳûйϵ
ݲҵĲҩˣܹҵĻĲҩҲڻ¡
Īɴ޵һʱ֪Ϣ̡֮
Ҷ硭ľͻ𣿡
Īɴƺǲܹһ֣Լίѡ
ļȻ󽫱ݸĿⱾ
ҪĺܵǵĻŵˣȷѲҩʲôĶҵˣǾһȥһ
Īɴ޻֮ԵúܾᣬҧԼĴ
ʵҽͦģҾҲӦô׾ٵľͰЩ£ҵĶ磬֮ĸѪŨˮġ
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ļ֪ѡԻһѵ顣
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ĪɴҡҡԼͷ
һֱҪҵĶ磬֮ǰǲǾûκεġ
˵ᡣ
ȴܹͨĻܹڵĴԼŨı˺;ƺӦô
ǳİ
ϵİ׸ҲڹĽţϤĸµĳǵǰ
̴Сӱ徲ķ˹Ūšŷ⣬ܹд֡
Īа쵽ʱҵеҩģ֮ǰһֱģҪõıݲݡ
찡
ҲЩ˼顣Īɴ޺̽ͷ˹ȥ
ѾҵҩˣȥĻ͸һȥɣǸʲô
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ȻѾԥ˵ĻǾ˵ȥģȻ˵ĻץסᣬһֱҪʳʶʳ
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ˢӡ
ĪɴȴһԿģЩζ
ƺһкûκεĹϵеĳ谮Ķģûκεϵ
ĪаЩεԼӣɰͰ͵ܹڵ뷨ҡҡͷԸ˵
Īɴ޳ĬƬֹ̣֪Ӧ˵Щʲô
̾ڵЩΣǺֻ˵
һ£ͽҺ롣
ͬĺ
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Īɴ޳ɵĵ˵ͷȻٰ㲻Ըģǲòϣ˵һеҪ͹ȥ𣬱ĸ羿Щʲô
˳ȥ
ĪаϵӣĬĬһж˱仯֪ʱʱһЦ
ĪɴվֵԱ
ԼڵĳĬ֤һУ촽ȴԼȥ˵Щʲôˡ
Īа۵ĿԼ⸱ģֹ߽һȴȻ˵ķĪɴڿܵԽԽԡ
ûƭңҲһʼûҶôϲңֻΪȡҵľ񣬴ôңȴҼ޸Լϲˣ˵Ļйĵġ
ܵԼƽϣΪЩˡ
Īаû뵽ô࣬촽˵Щʲô
ʵҲö˵ʲôΪΨһһã֪ҪеһЩΣ˵˵޸ԼϲˣΪʲôҪأ
֮ǰһֱ㲻һ飬˵һ㡣
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ĪаҡҡͷϣΪɥʧеĸ顣
ȴ֪һֱжô۰㡣ĪаͺĹһĨŪ΢Ц˼ȥõĽʽǰܹ֮ڣ˶֪ڱһҪ֪𰸵ʱˡ
ʵǵĪһֱһ䡣
Īаĳŵǵ;棬Ϊ˹̽ɽ𢣬˲ٵĿͷͬʱҲǸʱʼͱһס
ȼ۽ʴبŲ
Īа̵֪ǵԶǻʮꡣ
ȵ֮У˳ֵͻơ
ѪԽŨص˵ԽڻʮԽԽ䵭ʱͿܱġ
Īɴ޾֮ѪŨһˡ
֪֪Ϊ˱ס˶ٵ飬Сϲ㣬ɰãӦǸ߸ϵĹӦӵпѵĥ
ĪаǺų΢ЦĪɴ޾Ӧһ仨һӦƮҡҰݡ
ղŻôСͿʼѧϰŶݼףֻ㣬ǵѪе
Īɴһڣû뵽˼š
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ԭͷβ޴ˣ顣
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һж㣬ϣֵܹĹһϣκεʹݲУҲϣô֪Ĳп࣬һֱûи㡣
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ҪǸ󡣵֮ǰӦġһ˷ܵؿ覣ԵԲ󣬡ࡣ
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ȻҲͬ⣬ԼŮóǷۺɫ
ȻϲĻ͸ϡȻǻһ·ȥҾ˾Ǻ;˾һ棬òð
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ǵǹ̩񰲼Ծԣǵľĸĸ֮£Ѿģ
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ҾͲһˣϲˡ
۵Ŀǡ
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ݳݺɣ֮ʱ
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ɰСӣ֡кŮ
Ƕ˺þãˣΪ⡣
ܷܷһŰԹ˵š

ֿܹһŻûпǵӰӡ
εİСӱ˳˾ͳ֣˵Ҫŷݡ
񿴵˿ɰķݣҲ˹ȥҪһŷݡ
źܲ״Ӳó˳
¶һĨЦݺ󣬻ͷǣǼĵ
һ˼ظ̾һ䡣
û뵽֮ľȻҴŮǸСһСһ
ıӰССһ֮侲һǸɽˡ
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ܷܷŻǿúܿģЩŮһߴߴġ
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ڿǺһС
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Ѿ𽥿ʼտ࣬СܵĹȥ
ƺһԴݲȣͷࡣ
𣿡
̰촽Ҫһȶ
һЦЦͷ
಻ܳô࣬ôණǻŪ۵ġ
һ˵ĶԳ԰̫༦ȵĻͲܹѿռԱĶˣ˵Բԣ
˼ĵ˵ͷҲ֪ôģ;˵ĺе˵Ͱסˣһڡ
˵̫ˣһȶһȡ
ðѷһȺСһǹȥտ
ܷܷԼźҲһЩˡ
źǰջǺܺãֻԼ׳ˣһҪźǳ֮ĳҲۿɼٶȣտ˲١
ǰͦѵģ˺֮󵽵׶ף˼򵥣ӵ̫鷳ˡ
źһ²ۡ
ܷܷæİ˰֡
⻰ɾ˵ĲˣӦзȨľҡСӲ֪ж֣ÿ춼֪ң˺ü
һ˵ţһ鲻ԽİĿͶ˹ȥ
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