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1 Ϳʼ

ʱ֣һƬʣȴûάֶþͿʼϸɣΪһĹͻͣЪȴԽԽתʱ䣬ĻѾ˺ͳˡ
ҲΪĹϵݵܵӰ첢ǺܺãޱһĽϹ˿;Ϳˡ
Ҳɴһ˵ҲǶݵϰ֮һֻͶʽ𣬹һҶظģѰ˿ͻãҪңҪӦ˵ġ
˿ʱ䣬һСʱͱչˣȴһʱͣ˵ģޱԱǰ°ˣԼҲʰһ£ٹСʱͻȥˡ
ųԿװŪͿҶش˽
һɫĳȹͬɫ֯ϥµȹѾʪˣЩ㣬ӸǱ
ޱ̧ͷȥŰƴ״ʱżֲ԰ף˫һãȻ͵䡣
һ㶣漴ɴ۾̽ϲĸòڳ˼ɥ϶ͣѿɣ
ҶصΪͻĸ˻ЦЦұ˳
ôڲŻءû˵꣬ޱˣһ۵òǹվһɣ
ҶشĹ԰Ҳȥˡ
վ棿ޱһ䣬Ȼ̾ҶذҶأ㲻ϲ˹ۿ˵Բȥģֺαءȡ裿
ҶȴͻȻ̧ͷǳ˼ˣ
ͨۿޱʱĬˡ
Ҷ̧סԼ۾סԼʧ̬ᡣ
˵лģΪҡġ
ޱЩ̵رһֱϳ˼ҶȵİҶضԳ˼ûаĳɷ֡
ϾôƣʼղԸӦ˼׷
ȻҶزɿڣҲĸߣ뱻̽衣
Ȼǵֻǳ˼үүǸĸĸĸȴǶҶضǳϲ
ĻôΪһͷء
˵ףǲ
ޱġȻҶصģȴǾԼˡ
Ҳ֪ǲǴҶظĸомҡ
ôء
ҶسһԭȻֶĿƯȴָɾ֮˫ɵ˫ƺʱʱ̶̿ã㳤ർ˲ܷʲô˶Ϊɣȥϧ
ȻʵϣΪ۵ޱǳҶǵ͵ıﲻһûˣδĵ·˭Ҳߵñ˭ᶨ
ޱֿ϶¾ԲҶشϹϵ
Ҷصʧ̬ҲֻһСᣬܿޱƲпˣǱչݰɡ
˽ʰʰãһ뿪ˡ
ޱ·ɬڶݿڽ·࣬ҲܹӦ
ȵ˳ͻ㡭ޱתͷҶ˵ȴֵݡ
ôһֻûʳڣͿҶؿٽ⿪ȫ˹
۾ޱ˳ĳһ׳ľͷӱϵؿϹ䣬ͷ
ʱҶѾѹϡ
㡭ޱŵõɴ۾ȴֻһ֡
ɻʲôżǱҶϵľʹҶЩʧ¶һĨǳЦ
ڴڵѪƬŻȴ˲ˡ
ɨǸҹȥ
㺦˼ǳ̼ҵĶ
ȥҲ뿴㣡
Ъ˹Ļ·ڶߣǰˣȻҶȴֻǲ֪ٴλȻ
˼˰
֮
ŭ֮Ҵ̧߽ͷҪڣΪĻסˡ
Ȼ֮Ϸ
ϸ£ȷʵڷ
ż¿ִżѵ˼ãȻ
ѵĹȥһɣ˵ĻҲ˺ü֡
ڸʲô
֮ŷĵתͷĬƬ̺󿪿ڵҵ鰮һ½ķŮ
ŭ֮ߵߣŷǰվһ顣
һݿݵˣżʢȻ˫۾ȴʢ˱˺Ͳᡣ
һ㶣ʶѲɰ鶼Źˣ
֮ҡͷҵ鲻ôҵģǸŮǰ
ԣŭ֮۾ɴˣ˼ǡ
ĺ°Ȱ֮ش𣬷ŭ֮ʹϲ
̧֮ͷĿ⿴ԶǸŮոˡ
ŭ֮һ˳񴥿ȥպñ㿴Ҷر۾һĻ
ԥûУֱӱֽȡҶص֮꣬Ͷ뵽һСС
㡭ǸС磬̲֮סü
ŭ֮ЦһԲûл𣿡
-

2 

޴ĵ¹㳡Уʱʱͯߺһһ£ȴǲųֻƺѹ֡
ȥȺĺڿ߼ʵĹ㳡Ͻж
СĺӲŽ·Ա֫ȫĳǶֽšˣеڽһһ߶ԶĶԿ
ȻôĺӣЩЦȴӰǵ档
ϾӮǻӰ쵽䵽ʳġ
죡ƤԺڵĺ͵Լѹ¶СӣȻ
һСŮ˹о޴ӡžذ£СһɫĴ
Сӵı̱޿һϲԮĶҲ׷׷
˵ʱʱ죬Ƿ˵Ķֽ̱ѹסһоŮ̷ɱϸһɫĴ
ɵúãڴӺ汧סܵܵ
СͰҲɿմ˻ҳǿġ
Сһһۣȥˡһ͵˺ڴҪǰ˶ఴ״ͱԱˡ
ĸջ񲻴֮ȻҲб˸˺ڴ״ͺڴˣҲܳԸŷֱ
ǻΪڵʳ̫ˣ˶ҪһЩ
ʳõʱСһպԱߡãûеõ㹻ڴİ״ڴֵֻʣ֣Ҳͻ˸뱥
һȵͷͶСԹʵĿ⡣
һ㶣ЦЦƿĿ⡣
оСŮǱˣҶءҲ֪ԼϵʲôΪˣǰһڣ۾ͳһСӤȻһΪص硣
Ҳ֪СԹʲôͬΪϺȵۣȴԴԱ㡣
ȻСȴ۵ĸһ𰤶
ˣ񣬶簢Ѿˡ
æعŶһ뿪ˡ
˰ɣ·ϣڿʵ
СͰͷҪˡ
üϣһЩϺݽɫ
СͰȴˣѾˣõĻ˵׼ȻҪȥҫ֮ȡ
ԣڵ˶Ĭˡ
ǺӣȻǴʱıȴȳ˻Ҫء
סᲢȻҲƣƽ˯ĸĺӣ´ˡǻûʲô˽ƷҲġ
ڴϣЩ˯š֪Ӧúࡣ
Ҫִᣬĺ֪ʲôȻڣȴ֪Ŭûзԣ֪ʹ֪ʲô
ףΪ̫пˡ
ʱգ뵽£Ҳ¡
֪һʼΪԼǽ˷ӼţԼճСӤҪƽġ
Ⱥ֪ԼⱲӲ˷ӼŵĻ෴Ǹӵܡ
ֻķʽЩر𣬽̥ͬĺӷһмиԴͿʼѵ
ˣǴԣüҪֲҪ
ҪΪһҪҪΪʵ̫ˡ
һΪ֮ʯĶ֮֮ھ۴֮Ѫ˫Ĵ֮Ѫһγ̥á
һ̥һ̥
̥ͬӳһѵҲҺ磬Ծϲܺ˶񾭣Ϊ̭Ʒˡ
̭ĺӻԶΪˣΪ˷
ΪʲôҪԺӶϲпѵҲö֪
Ψһ֪ǣ˵꣬пܱҫ֮ȡ
νҫ֮ȣʵսǼ𣬶˵̵ս
˵ʵ̫ףһרŵսڣ
һȴкӵĹ֪ͬҶ̫类͵ҫ֮ȣϵꡣ
ڳ˶ԣĲʲôǶںӶԣȴȥˡ
ȻСҲ״һȥǸطʻߡ
ϧȫֻӼ尲ţԼûѡȨġ
Ͼֻûдҫ֮ȰĺͯǲûԼϸûǵλõġ
ڼԣֻӵ֣ӵΪ˵Ȩ
ڣǻֻ;ԵĹߡ
ڰУһֻס˾СͰڶ𣺡£Һʹᱣ㡣
һںͰҲͬʱ
Ա£ڣû۸
ֻҪڣû˺㡣
-

3 

˵˳˳˸ѵûյȥҫ֮ȵ֪ͨ
Դˣ˿
λСǼǳɺϵػһ
Сֻ͵͵Ҿ˵ҪǶӺϲһӡҲ;ܾˣֲɵôֳֺõ¡
˵СֵĹϵһϺȵıͲףûٸǶ׸
˵һϲС֣磬ʵҲΡûСۣѵܳϱҲֹڴˡ
ʵҲǾͶǿˡ簢ڻϣСʾͺãͬгͣҵͣŶһǿս簢ܱҪһأҲϣʤϸĽͨ۲Ǳܹ˵͹ƣСͰȴٶģֱǿһΣ
ϲľǾˣ˸û˶񾭿ԣôҲܺһЩͬҲǵβĴڡ
֪һ˵оӣǾ˶尾ŲòԼÿСĸܳԱʵġ
СЩҪ˵ʲôһֻͻȻӺ˻ȥ
̧ͷСֵĸ֮һһͷ̵Ск
ע⵽ߣкͷСˡ
һע⵽İ˹ͷ
ѵ˵ŴַϲȰǲṷֱ̀ȥˣҲԺҫ֮ȡ
Ȼȴ᲻þһȡ
ҲҲǾƽˡϲõӣû˸㺰ԩ
ͬΣգǻһЩ
ο
ֵתͷΨһã˶þûã֪ʵǵġ
С󣬾ǵǱȫ棬Ǻܶ಻ľΪŵԸ
εѵеҲûкˣһֵܵĶ飬ʹ˲˵Ҳ׺ޱȡԶԶһΣǳ澪˼ˡֻĸǲͶԷϡ
򡭡ʱ򱻸ϺڴԲµģµľֲ飬˵ĺݽɫ
ѵɲܸʱ˵ĵطһˣֻڽѵԽԽأҲԽԽԲҪôԼѡ̭ҪôӲһ
˵ֵܵҲ˲ãгϵĶӣԲ츳ڣҲΪء
ʱһξһ꣬һ꣬ʵ˲٣ǾһҲûջڸָ֮㷢Լһŵ㣬׼ͷ
ǶʯҲãǽǵҲãѧúܺá
˵ǷǳãýǶǳ⡣
̫СϰǸѡ
Ҳ֪ǲǴ֮ǾЩƫһѵˣ͵͵һܸҩ
ĸ˽ҲһȻȴû۳ʲô
鱨̫ˡ
һ죬ʳóԷͷһɧվ濴˿ü֪ͨǱߡ
ԣ·׷һ
ȥڵ
һȥȻõȼ֪ͨǰǾʹ˵Ŀ֪ʲôˡ
εگΧôô󣿡
Ҳȥҫ֮ȰҲ
ô죿Ҹպꡣ

˵ˡ
򴽵ǰȥ
һ˷Щżǰ棬ڿگ®ɽĿ
ϵĺͯҪսһ䣬ɷɷ׵ġ
ЩŵؾסСͰ·Сʵļѵ
ȻگѵѵȻˣ֪αٵĻļ
ԣɫȴмѿѵˡ
ӣԼСͰɫˣӶǲı顣
û˵ôΧ١
ҫ֮ȿ϶ˡصᣬһص
ҧҧ⺦
սһȺӵսͲˡĺͯǱϱ֪ĺϲ֪ٱμӶԿ꣬ǹ۵˾ܹΡ
ҫ֮ȣĻ˵ġ
ңĹǣԼɱ
ɱһȺ󲻹꣬Сֻĺӡ
ߵڲСͰץסְο
ʵϣǾȥҫ֮Ҳûеס
ǼʵѵҲǶáҫ֮ȣȴкֵܶġ
ҧĿǰҪŪҫ֮ȵ׳ʲô¡
-

4 

˵Ҫ̽ҫ֮ȵ鱨أѵĽͽĺӶټ
һѵĽ٣кüٸʶҲһ֡
ܽȴǶʶġ
ѵܽǸ׳ҶϽһϽҲȱݵģһֻ䣬˵Ҳһֻ
Ƕ˰ɣϽһǰĽ̨氲ֱӳһŵͼڼλЭ¶ǽϡ
ĿʱƲˡ
һοĵͼҪ֪ѵȻҲĻΣǽڽ̻ʶ֡
֣˵ǼԵòټˡ
һֱĻȻž޴꾡ĵͼȴЩȷˡ
ͼϳֵһЩأ֪ιʣһƬȾɫһƬȾ˺ɫ
²ǲǷңϽָ̹ɫһȦڵһƬʼĵ̡
ԵĺӲ֪仰ζʲôȴʱɴ۾
Ͻָ̹һƬɫֵǵͷǿƼĵ̡
ǽҫ֮ȣϵҲǿƼ̡Цסɱһ׬ġ
Ҫ̣ɵˣȻƬ㳡ϵĺȴһ˾ռߡ
ҫ֮ȾϽָ̹мһ۵Сҫ֮ȲԶսҪĳЩͬ׵ĵˣǴս͵͵̽ɱǿƼĳսʿҲҪ̫ģʼĳսʿҲǰſġ
ѾЩˣϽִ̹˵һҫ֮ȵ͵ʽ׶ˡ
ϽҪҫ֮ȴ϶ãкӿʵ
ʱ䲻˵Ͻ̹ٻشҪԼı֡
˶٣ζ뿪ҫ֮ȣ벻뿪ʵҲҪˡߣ±뿪á
Ժȴ̲סһ飬˼ˣ˭֪뿪ҫ֮Ⱥ᲻Ըпս
ʱһӿʵϽΪʲôٷΧô㣿
£˶˾
ʻĺˣϽһ۵Ϊҫ֮ȱһΡԭ򡭡ǾͱˣҲ˵ҲӰ졣
̲סսȭͷ磬ԼΪĻҪпᡣ
֮ຢ⣬ھȴǲûʲô塣
ԥ£ڵϽҫ֮ȣҪôǶѻǵˣ
ϽЩؿ˹⣬ڻǵһ
е˼
ţڵΪΪʲôҪһ껻Ĵ
һ漴¶Ȼ
ΪǽӴ֣ս飬ΪϤˡ
ˣսϲŲڵҲ֡
ǡ
üˣҲȫûпӿꡣ
Ͻ̹ټ֮⣬һֱ˺͵˵İ취
˶䡣
ɫһȺС¶ȣϽ̹ЦҲǸǿЦǳڵңԷɫܰףǿƼȴǲһģɽѵǱߵϵһǺƤ
Ǹսҫ֮ȵʱ򣬿ƤǧҪԥǵˣ
Щ־⻰еôȷʵûѵһƤ
෴Ϊڵ£Ƕһһס
ǽҫ֮һʱͲ˵ˣ˵ԼⷽС鱻ɹˡ
ôһ˵ĻǶԷȽռˡ
ϾƤƤҪȺƤƤ׶ˡ
ҲԣҪǱзȴҪ׵öࡣ
򴽣ֿʵϽ̹٣ǽҫ֮Ⱥָս𣿡
еġһ⣬Ͻ̹ټǣ֮ǰҲ˵ˣҫ֮ȱˣûǰָˣǲܽҫ֮ȵġԣֻˡ
һȺ̶ɴ۾ڵҲüǿǱߺһ˭Ҳռˡ
һ⡣ٴ̧ͷνҫ֮ȵˣǶ໹ǿƶࣿ
Ͻ̹һۣش鱨ӦҪˡǿ˲̫ơʣǿƵҪǿһЩ
һۣĶȥ
˴ȥҫ֮ȣ׶༪١
ϧϣûκѡȨ
ֹǣҲɵģȻеΣա
ˣһ˿ʼ˽ˡ
-

5 Ϣ

˽ܽһȻ֪ҫ֮ΪʲôԵʱˣǶԣǶҲȫǻ¡
ͷͬûǰڣǵҪһЩϾͬһϡ
ǽ꣬ҫ֮ȵĺӣгģͣѾˡ
СͰ򿪿ڵҲҪЩ׼˽¶ŪһЩҩͺˡ
ս϶ǻַһЩҩǶͨɫޡ
ȻҪԼȥŪȴҲ¡
ϾԴڵ¹㳡޷ģϴﶼͳһŵġ
̾Ҳ֪Ⱳӵĸĸ˭ҲֻҪܽӼһǾͺˡ
ͬڵ¹㳡ǼЩĲģһʼĪ֪ǸĸӼõˡ
ȻĸȴǴûмԼĸĸ
֮ȷĸţΪڵ¹㳡ǵͬĸֽͬá
ǵģֻͬͬĸͬͬĸûеġ˵ûз޵˵
йͬŮŮ˵׶ֻǺϵ
ΪͷأžͱˣһСֵĸ
£ʵ
ЩΪѣС˵¡
Сȷʵ˽ˣȴΪֽˡ
ҫ֮ȵսҪǹص̣ʱƱزƽʱϰߵսҲһ˽⣬ͬһƬأսҲҪһЩСֵĴ翪ڵ
˿򰢺ڣûԥʹӦˡ
ϵǣǳֵҲˣҲǸСһҪ
ҫ֮һƬ˵Ҳˣȷʵͻ˰ҲӦˣСһĴ˵¡
Ȼֵܲû
ǵжСʱĹͼˣѵһˡ
ٳ죬Ŷȥսʡ
սһˮһʯһҩԼһذ׺ȫˡ
һ߳¹㳡ļ֪ӭ⣬
ַӦֻۣΪӦͻ⡣
²Ҫôҫ֮ȣȴ֪ûκνͨߣǻһ·ͽȥ
ЩӶԣʵ̫ˣһƬҶӣһˮӣǴûпķ羰
Ҫ˵ǣǾҲ̲ס̰غĿ
ڶ죬һںӵʸеˣǿʼһ߸·һ߽жԿѵ
ǱϾûйͿսľ飬ǰϰȴǺôڻġ
ѵû죬ͷ˴Ϳսϰߵ˿սĲ
ʵڴͿսУֹۺĬϲǸҪġ
Լû뵽ԼȻֵò
һ˴ӺƹʱŶǰڵá
½һһһӵ˿
һ̣кӶµġ
û취˭õ¹㳡ʯͷȴǴûӴֶġ
ˣǰսߣһһսûαװȻͨͻԷ˸ֲ
ԶԶ߷£ڵСѾͷԽúܿ졣
ͬע⵽ֵĻбˡ
Ǹ˳ϡֵеһ⡣
ҡҡͷͲ֪ˣĸУһǸʱࡣ
Ǹġ϶޵
ϴƳܵһۣʵҪģǴҪ
˶Դ˱ʾͬǸײֹһ˵Ļ
ԼȴԼж˲ã֮ռȻ˵ײס
ȵҲӦĻЩӾûˡ
ο
뵽˵ҫ֮ȵĻ̲סЩͷۡ
ҫ֮˵ǹȣʵڲȴأСܼء˵ݲǺںɫʯͽ
ÿһأ˵һƬء
أҫ֮гǧ
£֪ͨٸ·ܵطˡһʱ䣬ڴ
Ȼҹȴǳ⡣
ʱΪǰϰߣˡ
ΪǵϮȴվӪУǼϵģ
вһġ
Ŀڽ̹߶ļϡ
ɫ⼸˵ĴҲԺӡ
ս֮ԼͦеİȻֱ̫ˡ
ƺ̫ãкӶϣھ˵һϢ
ոմϢǿǱˣթѾǰҫ֮ˡ
-

6 ѿ

һǼİȴһͷ
ϻˣǸϽ̰ɡһ˿ڵ
Ȼ󣬲˷Ӧһӡ
ʱ䣬ǽµĵͿʼƶˣֱҫ֮ȵķȥ
ɴ۾һʱ䶼֪ʲôӦ
⣬ʲôǷ
ͬ𾪲ѣڰСͰԼͬ˾ǰࡣ
𾪹Ⱥбһ˽
ֻǡ
̧ͷЩȴûн͵˼
˵ʲôζһ
ÿᣬҪҲͺˡ̲סЩĽ
˵˲ʵϣ˭Ľ
ǾĵҲĽˡ
ȻҲ³ɵļж͡
ȫڴ
۵׻һĨ⡣
ֳȫ츳ǾֻˣȻǿͨŬá
ô룬ע⵽һֵЩ顣
ӣڴǡ·¶ĳ־ģ
ܿ׹ֵܿǴӳǶǰõʲô鱨
ѯһ˫֮䲢ʲô˵Ľ飬ǲöʲô
֮󣬾ͽעǼİ˵ϡȻͷ֣Զ̵ġ·Ҳܹʹõģ۲죬û嵽ʮӾͻỻˡ
˲һСʱǾ͵ҫ֮ȵĹȿڡ
Ϊ˴˿̽ǻύЩʲôЩӵؿһۣһ䡰ȥɡͿת뿪ˡ
ӶʱǴڼ˵ĻУҲ̲סЩ¡
Ȼȴûѡء
ԥֻһʱҺܿ㿪ʼҫ֮ȡ
Ϊ֪ǿǱߵѾҫ֮ȣжСĽ
˿ٺͽ˵ĶѼϣһϣһ۽ȥļƻ
ѡʲôλõأʱϣһƬУҲ֪˭ʵ
ѡһİɣȽϰȫ
УһֱŲ¶
԰Щ˶֣Ұ԰ҪǶţȵԺϣ˼Ѿս飬ȴ֣˭˭˵𣿡
ҪѡǰҲλãй۲һ£顣
ҡҡͷȻֵеİ󿪿ڵǰȥ
ڵսݲųӱܡ
ԴҲͬģǼˣ»ǲƵһɵӡ
ϱӾǸͨˣѧ԰רҵҵһҶݣûϹУûϹս
ⷽΨһľ飬žϴѧʱľѵ
ȵ˺棬·ӽˣһȺٷһأĵͼ֮һĽˡ
ˣǿǱߵ˿ҪѣǳûϢһ¡㿪ڵ
û飬ҹǾûһѾֶˡ
Ǿüڵһ⡣
˿СȻ˸๻죬֮أطǳʳӡ
һ·СĹ۲죬ҫ֮ȱ˵Ǵݲ
ĵطǵʳ
òᡭ¸һõĲ롣
ȴʱڵõģҫ֮һڵ£ΪѿֲǽҪʳԴ
˶٣ȻѿҲԺĿ֮һ
˿Ȼ̲ס˿֣ЩӶԣûиĸտķǳҪ
ѿҪ鱨֪Ͳ֪Ǻܴġ
뵽Լ֮ǰ׵Ĳ²⣬̲ס¶񺮡
Ͳ֪ˣҫ֮·ͻȻµҲͻȻǱ߿϶Ҫҫ֮ȵ¸һһ˵ٷ˵ġǵĸĸôĮ˵ǽҫ֮ǰҲǻ¶һεġ
ͬһ
Ȳݲݳ˸в˿ʼ˦ѿ
ȻǾͷ֣ѿ̫ڣһĵ̫Ӳһ̼ʯǣѿڵλ̫Ҫһײܿ
ˣ죬ڵѿֻ
ͰСͰȻûڵȴһڵ
ѿĸͷôЩҬӣرӲҲڣôġ
ԴҿյѿһͲڣҫ֮ȣҶůʱһЩⶫǳô棬ֻҪţһ궼⡣
˶ѿҲͳ˫Ҫ֮һ
˼Ҫ֮һ
ô˵ѿ˫
ȻĿɨܺںĵ棬Щɻطʲôġ
-

7 

ҫ֮ȵƶۿɼģ򴽣׻ûнĵ׵ɻʳ
ǣѿ֮Ĺ⾹ǼΪζ
һȣһԵİĽ͵ѿһļĿζ֭ͬŴ𣬶쾢㴼
˶٣ֲңͬڵѿӪʶͬͯȴٺòܹΪǴ¼ʵĻ
ʺǿļ彫еͯҫ֮ȣǣûġ
ǵԤƣʱķλϰȫϾǿǱߵһҲӦòԾôľġ
Ȼϵǣ³֮󣬺һȺƤˡ
Ⱥֻ಻ٵĺƤʱµģһǴĺƤû׼ЩӦ
ͬǣЩǿƵͯзϵȴ㹻׼
ˣǱߵķӦҪ߿࣬գ۵ĹǰͷļӾܵ˹ʣµҲˡ
һĻ̫죬˶ˡ
ȷӦͬһͷСԱ˳ȥеذ׿ٴ̽һߵţֿٰγѪɽϣҲ벻⣬һĿȥ
ҲŷӦˣһذ׶ŵ˶ȥ
Ҳû⣬ٶȶռƣҲԼС˼֮ǰװһСʯӡ
רŽСʯӶŵ˵۾ȥȻŶԷҪƲס۵ʱذ״Էš
ֻǡ
ڵ¹㳡ʼǽǵĻγʶ֣ҪľǶ֪
Щط˵Ҫ˵ЩطЩطº֢Щط˻Ѫֹ
ѧòôⷽȴ
Ȼ֣еذȴǲƫҪλ֡
˵ֻ治һƻģʱͻȻ̧۶֣ЩһоղŽ˳
޴֮󣬴Һܿͽƽѵ״̬
ðƽʱϰߣڴͷСͰԲӦ˵ľıɱУż֧Ӧ˵ʱһ
żӵĹŨѪʹƮɢڵϵĻͬǵ˵ʬ壬۾ˣ˶һľ״̬֪ƣɱУһһ˿ڣҲ˿ûзӦ
ΨһǣģžֻиΣյʱˡ
ͻȻһЩϤĲҽ
ʶתͷȥͿСֵµӰĲϣѪӿ
ƣȻûˡ
СֵҲ֪ˣһ޲ĿѡϧսϣǱ˵Ϊȥĵܵܿһȥ鿴һܵܵʬ壬ȴҲǲܵģֻҧս
һ˲䣬̲סһ£Ȼֺܿƽ
սս
ԼȻŬҪԵ֣֮ǰһ
ǡ

ۿӿ˳Щӣʱ޹
Խĵ׵ߣȥǵ
ԽԽˮ۵ӿ¾ذ׵ڻ裬ĵȴԶ׼
˰˵ע⡣
Ҫ˵ʲô۽ͻȻһ˴ӵϴֱ۳Ķ̵žȥ
СģһߺţҪȥ
սһˣ̧ͷԼҶϵĽͿ־壬Ϊվλùϵûп˵ȴһʱûܷӦ
˵ʱʱ죬ڶ̵ǰһӰٿȻ͵ؽ˵
ֻǣһȻ˾ɱǶ̵ȴһתźӰһ
ѹ£ͻȻ͸еϵһȻһʪ֮⡣
һתͷͿѪСͰ
˲æСͰͬʱҲ˿ڡ
ǵ˿ʵ̫ˣǻǴ̣ȻӼᴩ˿ȴҲˡ
ϵľţСͰʶҪοȻץס֣ǰһģֿסʧȥʶ
һߣѾ׼ʤ׷ĵˣ˫һȴ˭ûκε˭
ǶԷˣڿܻǶԷĶ֡
ˡ
ĿͻȻضŶԷؿ˵λãǸλá˵ġ
Ҳ˵ĴǿиûĻᣬлвԼСͰ˴
СͰֹסѪ˿ڣȫݺ˦Լһ⣡
-

8 콵

ֻʱ򣬾ôҲҪʲô
ȡˮҩСĽСͰ˿ϴһȻ󲻼Ƴɱؽҩ˿
֪˶ãıԽԽҩۼҪ׵ʱСͰֹסѪ
һϲһ߲ᣬһóһСɴСͰ˿ڡ
ɴǰģһֱûá
һָ꣬̽СͰı£ȷкŴɳһ
ʱֵľʹҲ⡣
üԼյֿ֣һ⣬ͽͷˡ
Ҳò˼飬ϱӣĻּܰ
ľ彫õĹͷ̶ˣ̧ͷȥͼѾǸСͰսѽѷ֣ϵƶᡣԷ볷ߣȴǲŲᡣ
ڰ㣬һֱԼСͰߡԼҲûа취СͰԼԼ˿ڡ
ҲΪϵűȰڻҪء
һԱߵץһʯӾͶ˳ȥȵСʯӾ׼˵˵۾Էʹһеذ׳û̳
صһ˵£ֶһˡ
ߣȴҲʼе˽ӽ뿪СͰԼһᱻһͱˡ
СͰǰвϾʯͷȥ
һΣĿɲСʯӣǰƴʯ顣û취ֹֻۣһֻֿжûĺ˽ս
аڸһҪͻƷӽܼʱϹ
Ҳ˵ܵǵľ뵽ԼôҲûܰذͱԷĿڣҧҧڶԷһ⳷˵ʱûо
ȥ֧Ԯܵã˿Ĵ㣬ĿƳһӦеľͰ㣬ȴǲûгˣٴβ
һ㶣ӦԷʲôʱըˣ
ĿһеذֱӸסԷȻһţֱӾͷԷһš
һʮɵ˶ԷŶ̵ϣһɾȴȵöԷеĶ̵пһתԼ
һˡ
ᣬڸϵߣʱֵסһι־ͽ˸ˡ
״ԥ£ԼȥᱻΧȥˡ
һߣҲѾò˽սˣٶȱͲռƣڲ뿪СͰǰ£ǼΪǱüڱ
öһƬͷʱǻֱӱ䣬ںͰ޲²ѣսˣò׺;ϣְ˵ˡ
ܣ˫ĽսʵѾҪˣʣµѾҴ˶ϴˣûõˡ
һɹھ˼
ԣһʱսȻǵܵõİȫҪ
СͰ˻ԣҲûкõȥȻûȫʧȥսҲӲʵˡ
Ŀǰ棬͵һʤǸҸطˡ
ֻǡȴǲס
ô룬߿ͻȻһĨâ
ָоЩ֣˵ǰ죬ձģȻȴЩ졣
߿֮ϣƬҫۣȴûа취ӣȻп˶оһĪľ
ǡս֪֪ͣ˭૳
ֵܻţȴһɫ
콵˸ϽɢҪһ𣡡˻
ǱߵĺƤʼ˶԰ĵĻȻ⣬ȴ㹻ζȣ˵Ͱ˵ȥ
Ƚۣ絽ֵܱȽϽĵط
ԽԽͻȻһԽԽĺڵˡ
ˣڶУע֮֮ܿڻ
ʲô
гɻ
˵Դ֮£ǸڵԽԽȴҫ֮ȵһߡ
Ȼܿ죬ԽԽĺڵ㡣ûмӵĹ򣬾һڵǸ
䡪
޴˷𣬾ʶСͰ
һ̣˶ˣҫ֮ΪλֵĵΡҳġ
ƽǽֵǰǿʯ
ýˣŷʯǺɫǷǳŨѪɫ
ɫ
ջһĨϤУһԵİĿڽ͵Ǵ֮ʯÿ콵ȻµĶ
һ̧ͷĺڵ㣬ʱЩЦ
ûǴĻԼ֮ЩǶڳϵĴ֮ʯһҲĴָС
ǰʯȴԷָǧǧŴ֮ʯ
ˣҲѹЩͯΪβӣ嵱ֿˡ
-

9 

Ǳ߰ĻڿգִĴ֮ʯرΣյģֻҪһûҵ֮󼸺õġΣյСŵĴ֮ʯ
˶٣ʱǻ޿ɱܣֻӲã콵ʱ̣ǻ֮ͯӲȥ콵ʱ䳤ˡ
Ǿֻ·һˡ
Χڴ֮ʯ˷׷һ
ȴ󿪿ڵΣյ֮ʯ!
֮ʯɼӿ죬ֱǳؼ
ͷǵ֮ǰǸ·𣿡
˵˵۾ˡ
֮ӡֻں֮ʯ˳֮ˣܹΪ֮ӡ
ԾԾԣˮ֮ʯԵģϣǱֻʧܡں֮ʯʧܵ³ֻ
һ飬˿ʵǺװװ
ᡣ侲֮ʯʱϵˣгײȥϵ֮ʯҲǻӦġ
ǣûϵ֮ӣ֮ʯͻ˽޲𹥻
˼ȴСͰ֪ʱ۾
ʱһϲ磡
ںͰҲ˹СͰȻˣʱ¶ϲɫ
СͰ˳ǣû¡Ÿǻľʹȴ֪Լο¡
ͷһתĿɨã»һĨġ
֮ǰ̸ˣͬһĻϲ벻㿪ѵϽŴ֮ʯһӡ
ͼæԣڸǶȥôأʱȥ
Ϊصڳ̶ȣҪڳӸ쿪
뷨ǣֻҪڳһ㹻СͰŵĿӾͺˡ
ž޴Ĵ֮ʯԲεģܹıӻޣȻֻҪһֱվڿƣСͰͲܵϮ
һ㣬뵽˲ֹһҲ֮ˣвڿӡ
֮ʯСˡ
̧ͷȥȻ鶼Ǻڵ㡣뵽Щ֮ʯܿͻϣ̲סЩ
˭Ҳû뵽СͰͻȻ֣һûӦѾſ˿
ϾѹһˣȻһˡ
̧ͷҲ֪ǰͰڣǡ
СͰʲôڴŭ
ҲŵСͰ֣㻹ˣ
СͰְڰصļϣѹھʹ֮¸
ڶͷѾð亹СͰϽ֣ҪȻҪˣ
СͰһȲϰڣȴѹġ
԰ڵŭЦ磬ʵɣĸ߿Ĵ֮ʯһŶס
㻹û
ѾˡСͰĻмֵһЩɡ
˵ţ̧ͷһ۾Լֻа׵Ĵ֮ʯ͵һԾſ˰ڵϡ
СͰ
СͰ
磡
˷׷׾СͰЩϵȥס氢·ڵǱ𶯡
ԣ˷׷һȴʶԸӡ
ֻˡ
۵һ̵ȵѪʵ˰ڵĲ˳Ĳٵ
СͰڴӺ﷢ǺǵͬƷһ
ǣҪ
ĻɢķС
磡磡͵ػع񣬴Ŵŵ
𶯣ְס
һʲô˼
ûʲô˼ļ
ѹͷû취ת˿λ۵׵ˮ;ġ
Ǳ콵һֱάȥ
磬磡ҳҲҪڵ£ҪȥȥޣһȥһԵĴ֮ʯϣܽ
ȻںͰ֮£Ϊȴֻͽ͡
ںͰûٿڡ
۵ڶϷСͰʬһһӰںͰ¡
ԭ˻ţܵӲӶµ⣬ؽסʧʹ
찡飬Ⱦҵĸ硣
£ҵҲûйϵ
֮
λؿһĻķֻҶĵ
డʱҫ۵˾ò˼顣СŮ꣬ŭ̲֮ס̾
֮ȴĹâөĳǺòġ
㰡ŭ֮̾𽫶԰ĶתƵɵϰ
Ƕ಻𡣡֮ɫ
ŭ֮˸ۡ
-

10 ˼Ҿ

סŭ֮Ҫ˵ʲôȴͻȻһ
֮ͬһվ
ոǡŭ֮һȷӦѾͷ
׼ȷ˵֮
£ŭ֮ˣôܡ
Ҫ֪ΪĳЩԵʣûԴҡ
ΪЩķ򣬰֮Ҳ
֮ų국ĮҲ˼־Ͳ⡣
ӦòӰɣŭ֮Щǵʵ
֮ÿɷǳѵʶҪҪܳʱء
ŭ֮²˿
ִڵĸ鶼ǳӣûĴڣ֮£ȺûеĻᡣȻܹвЩģҲΨˡ
ʲôΪʶѣӦѾͷҲĿǰĴΪ롭
֮üʶ󷽣ȻѱԴˡȻֻôһ㡣
ŭ֮޵ǻʶġ
ȴ֪ԼϷʲô£ſţҲھԼԶĵط΢ɫӫ⻺Ʈ£ϸܵ˿ڡ
ƺǡŭ֮ɵ򣿡
֮񴥸Ӧһüɡ
֪˶ãֻʱôô÷·ȥһӣ˿־ڽ
硭磿Сĺһ
û˻ش
ܰˣֻ˵ĴϢܸ֪ȣܷ衣
˾ţ֮һһӿŲ˳
ֱӽƿϼˡ
ǣ׼ȿģǱˡ
硭ؿǾȫ´ղƲ·ֻǶѳɵġΡҪ̲ס˻
֮ǰϣСͰܻȻڡ
۵һ˳
Ტǿ޵ʱ˲һ룬Ϳ侲ССͰѾɢʬ𣬷ڱõսϡ
ȿİڣϢıǶĴ֮ʯѪ·鲼Դ
·İȦס˰ڵԴŵỹһ
ȻԼ˫ȴҲǶ˴֮ʯ
ǵȣȴ·ڽסһ˴֮ʯһС˴֮ʯ
ŷ·𱻶һ磬Ŵŵµ
޵ֱãȴʼСϵĴ֮ʯ롣
Щ֮ʯҲʯССĲƶ
µĴ֮ʯԽԽ࣬ϱ¶˿ֿʼѪֻһ߰봫֮ʯһ߸ҩԼϵҩʣ࣬⿪˰ںͰȵЩҩˣڿܡ
֮ǰĹעȴ̲סһ
ֱǡ˼Ҿ硣
ʵϣͰڰͬѡ˲Ŀȥһֵܽ࣬СͰǰʬضǣ;ͬҲв١
ǣвһֵܽãһû
ܻһѾǺõˣЩھȵģԼֵܽá
պȫɥĽã򴽣ǰǵ
ԽԽĴ֮ʯϲط֣ںûпأǶеĴ֮ʯֻһ㣬Ȼ˵һֹͷû˵
̲סϲ
ںͰ㶼ţǡʱһڶ
عתͷһСֵĸ֮һûǴĻӦС֮Сġ
ᣬСָҲ̫ãһȣѪ
ῴԼȻҲͲ֪ԼҲûȶԷö١
˵ͷ
ǡáСָ̲סĽ
Ŀ䵽һСͰʬϣ۵׵ӿ˵ʲô뵽Сĸ¾ֻһʲôҲ˵ˡ
æɡСָ
ȣȡҪҩ𣿡
СָҡͷЦãȷˣӰ£ѾֹסѪˣҸ˰Ұȸˡ
ʱĬ
ûоܾСָĺ⣬˰ظںͰҩȻֽս˺״ǰá
Ȼ˾ͱϥһԣصȴںͰ
-

11 в

ЩãȻ̧ͷȻͻȻӦһ㣬ܹȥСͰʬǼսȻСĽںͰŴ֮ʯĵطŲ£öս֧˸СӣԼΪǵꡣ
ͷСָ绹ﲻһ̲סǡ
СָĨ˰ϵϣ˶ˣʬ廹ʲô壿
Ȼ˵ȴ˹һԼæꡣ
Щֹ
СָЦЦû£ĶҪꡣ
ⳡ겢ûά̫ʱ䣬ʮӾͽˣͷ·𡭡Ϊϴҫ֮еѪ
ͣˣҲעˡȻͷֵ֣ܳ˰ͰֵܶˣʶˣҲûжˡ
ν˵ˣʮ
Ǳ߻ǡ
ʼ岻ͬǿƼĺӲϰֵܽΪжλˣͬߴĻСģǱȴֻԼ
ֻǡ
Ǳ߻ҲжʮЩˣ޲ֳʬ嵱˶ơ
Ϊ̸ϱģֻЩգ뵽㣬ǲǡСͰͲˣ
˾º͵˴һҲѾû˶ֵ
Щĵؿ򰢺ںͰ㣬ȻˣȻǵƣٲս¡
ںܿ죬͸˴һϢ
ԭҫ֮ȣÿ콵֮սڡУ˹˴֮ʯ֮ʯ
ڼ䣬簢ںͰ˵˶ܵõơ
֮ʯһ콵֮ʯˣ
϶Сֻûѡ
֮ʯʲôӵģװʵ
ʵϣѾ˺
ɵӣ˵һ𶼲һܻһ£ĸȻô붼ͷ
ɣ᲻ǰڻ֮߰ʯںˡ
ԼһоûС
Ҳʯͷɫ᲻һ̾Ҳһң˵׼Ƭ֮ʯܱǿƵӶȥˡ
һ˵һͬȻûдʧȥͬıʹ߳ȴʶʼѰҲ֪Ƿڵ֮ʯ
ǶԼжҳϣǡһƽ֮˶Ϊԣ˶С̣ܺһ֮ʯںϡ
ԥҲ˹ȥ뷨˲û
콵󵽴Ǵ֮ʯȥֱܽ۸סˣĸһŸԵò˼顣
СһЩ֮ʯѵ
ĿǰȷʵЩΣգôഫ֮ʯ˭֪ĸ֮ʯҪûעǾԩˡ
㣬ǳСģԲ̤ûм򣬱ڷ֮ʯʱҲССġ
עǿЩӡİСѵҵˡ
һСʵǱأȻ˶࣬Ҳ׼ġ
ǾҲ˶࣬Ҫ͵ðѶ
ŵҪע㣬͵͵֮ʯˡ
üܾʲôˡ
ֱͻһȺƤٳֵİںͰ㣬ŻȻ֮ľǷŭ
ҧűö̵ڲϵİںͰ㣬˵Ķˡ
ͰȴЩԥԼⷽЮֵԱʮֲСȻǺһ֮ʯȣʮԱȻͲʲôˡ
һӿ˵뷨ĿһȻ˶ûзӦǰذ׼ܵ˰Ĳϡ
ҪڵİһǺסˣ۾ڸʲô
һƽ˵ֵܲʲôԼֵܡ
˼ײˣֻҪ˵ԱĻͻɱ˰
ԼⷽлȨľǰͰǿѹˣǡΪ峤֮ӣӵơ
ⷬ˫˶ˡ
ҧ֪֪֮ʯԼжҪ
Ƴǿڴ֮ʯи۵ĺɫ֮ʯҲ֪֪ȻôҪΪԼĵܵܣҲĸԸġ
㡭ֱǿʶǺ
Цһеذȴ밢ĲӸˡ
˶˵ʱȻֵԼʱ򡭡
岻¶Ȼ᲻Ψһĵܵܵģ֮ʯͬҪ
ؼǣĸɱ
-

12 һ

в²ڶϾĿ֮Ȼֹ
˫۾ľʵǹںһЩ
ˣ˫˭Ҷ᲻ܵܣǿǱߵҲϷʡ
ôһϣһֱϵ˼˹
ΨһҵǣԼòǺǿƼһ𵽵ġ
?һʱ򣬵һ۾Ϳͬʱǿ?˹϶ͷʱ뷢һߣȻ۲Ϊر
һһӾע⵽ֳĲԾͨɫѿԼҵӱƤˣ
Ŀ䵽˽ذ׼ڰϵľ
ƤӦöԼҺӰɣ
ʲôڧ
˹Ҳֹģȴǵһʱмǿ֮ʯϡ
ǵģĿ䵽Լҵϡ
ǲʵĻһƤӻش
һһ漴׷ʲô
״ǰԽ˵һ
ЩȻ˵Ǿȡ֣Լ˽ġ
һɫһһ˹ųЦĿ⿴֮
̲סһ
ɫһףҪ˵ʲôһѾȺƤӵ˷ˣ֮ʯǵˡ
һȺƤӿ˹˵ͷüˡ
һ֣ʮˮɳԼҵԱ˻
״˵ջذףܹںͰ㡣
ҵǣһֺзִ磬ʮԱûһصġ
һȤؿһͷëСѾͷ
ȻҲԼעӣ̧ͷƽؿ˹ȥ
£±ͷҲãڡ
ΪһѵԷƿĿ⣬Ű˶Լǰˡ
ͷϴȴ̲סΪֳҲΪܹõ֮ʯ
Ϊһ֮ʯͬԱˣˣһһ
һҪ˵ͰǾҲЩ¡
˵֮ʯԼҪ
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ǵ뷨һɸֵӲֵǮǶڣ⡭һ֮ʯں˭أ
ԼĪЩˣ˼ǣڲĲۣڵǰҪάѰŽļ
һ֪Ļʲôˣ֣¾Ϳʼ֮ʯװ
Ľͨ߷ǳԭʼȴǳ׳ۡ
ͿǽСĴ֮ʯ㷿ݴĳᣬÿһǰ棬һֻľޡ
ǿǱõĽͨߺʻûֻõľ޶ǻ֮࣬ǿǱʨࡣ
Щ˵Ķǳ죬첻Ĺ򣬾ͰƬصĴ֮ʯʰˡ
ʱ򰢺ںͰѾѹˣ׼õѿʼιǡ
˶ЩĬҲû˵ʲô
ϵǣǰһֽԱ˶κˡ
֮£ܸоĹͷڿ־ͺ͹ǰûˡΨһЩʧǣںͰȻȬˣʧȥƤ֯ȴûл˲λһƬͨ졣
ûƤıҪܵ²١
һ룬ЩƲסԼᡣ
һֻͻȻԴܻѾܺˡ
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ԣЦ¡ͺˡ
̾Ϣ
»Щϣģֻȴʺڴ֮ͥ˵
ȥգ۱һȥһУһ·ĿİҲǿסһ
һʱ䣬Ū׵쳣Ķˡ
ΪǰںͰں֮ʯȴû뵽
εؿԼָɳһɫӫ⣬ⶫ˵Ҳã˵ûҲûá
ֹһԹڰںͰϷһ̹⣬Ȼܵ˻һЩ
ģûеġ
һ˵Ϊܹ֮֮õ츲صĸƣȻɺԭһϲ
Ҳ˵Լ֮ӡ
ôˣԼ⵽ʲô
ϧܾô룬𰸶Լܳ
˻
ڵæͣϵĶǵŪ۴𣿡
Ŀⴥ米鲼ˮãɺۿ
ҡͷɣҪ۵ġ
͵Ӧһ϶СĵΪϵˮ塣
ǵҩ𣿡һߵİʡ
ġϴβʵʱѿ˲١
ɫͷԼ˫ۣ̲ס̾˿
ΪԼͰڣõѿûжģҪŪѺõ󶼲С
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13 п

ڣ㣡
һʲ䣬òŵطͱѰкˡ
˵ѰǱˣСָ硣ΪʧȥһȲʺ£źһһȥΪȥֻˣȴֲˡ
ڵ¹㳡̭ͯͬѰսϲмͯǿԼѡ񣬻˻ĺԱѡклǰûеλȫܹ׵ҲһΣա
ÿһ¶ҫ֮ȲһʣѰΪԱ֮ľⷽĹ
Ȼ˵ǸǲʣʵЩҪѿġ
ѿǺöҫ֮ط
˻֣ѰЦκһЩ
Ѱֱ˱΢΢Ц漱ѿǾͱɹˡ
ѿⶫʲôüģЩ⡣
Ѱɫ΢˵峤һŮʹŲԺܶʳﶼ࣬ûԳԵġǰʱշѿⶫܹԡ
ûȥ¹㳡
ѰҡͷǺ̫ëȥ¹㳡ͻˡ
˶٣ǲ˵ʮꡣ
ԣ˶ЩĬ
Ҫ˵û뷨ǲܵģҲûиĸģȻкûжû
Ѱ㸸ĸ𣿡ں
ˡѰЩЦҸϸսˣǼĸףûϳҡ
ֳĬˡ
ţǵĸĸҲϲġ
һӵͳѰæЦתƻˣ˵ô˼콵
ҫ֮ط콵Ƿǳģֻ񵱳ģ콵ȴ亱ˣҲû취
ĴΡ̾ģ󣬲Ҳû֮ʯ
ˣ˵𣿡ѰڵǸΪ֮ˣǰѾס
֪ڵ
Դ򵱳ðв֮˫ͷֵˡ
ҫ֮ȷǳÿ춼ˣҶڲϸıأҲڲϻ
Ӧһ뿪ҫ֮ȵġҲĸǲ֪Ҫ뿪ҫ֮ȣ8꣬ٵ;ǳΪ֮ӡ
˵𣿡Ѱʵ
壿һ㶣ôˣ
Ϊ˰ﰢǿ֮ʯϹһֻ۾Ѱ
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ˣֵһһĸҲҪΪ֮ӡ
΢΢򴽣ЩԥѰ֮ս𣿡
ѰĬƬ̺ǳ¡
˵ǴǾһ콵֮ӶԣǸ˲Ƿֺ
Ҽ֮콵һ֮סԲϽڵƽֺˡ
Ҽе֮Ӻ͵ս̼ѩɽըѡ
֮ӣǷ޷ǿ󡣡
˵ϲ¶
ͬݣϱӰҵļ·ɫˣûоս˲׺ƽжôܿɹ
Ҳս𣬵Щս˵Ϊ˴ﵽΡáԵĿĶµġ
ս𲢷ˣǵսǿѡģôսǲѡġ
Ϊ콵Ĵڣе˶ʱܶʧĻ֮СҲΪ콵л֮ʯϣΪ֮ӣܹԼˡ
ǿƺʵִԴڴˡ
ֻҪ콵ڣԶܺƽ
Ĺ򣬰ںͰѾѿ㹻ıҩ
֮ǰѰ˵һ¡
˵ҼǸĸˡ
ԣ˷׷ס
̲סʵˣ
Ѱǵĸ֮ӣǵĸȻ֮ӣҲǸսʿ
̲סЩĽѹõ츳ôá
Ƿϲҫ֮Ȼڣ츳Ҳǲģֵܼ
ϢԾǶԲ˵ûӰ죬ҲֹڴˡǺǶԸĸǲûʲô֮顣
ԣһλ֮ӵĸ׺һΪսʿĸףǶʵûʲô塣
Ժ˺ӣһǡͻȻڵ
һôô뵽ˣ
Щ죬Ҿһʱп
ȴȴкӡѣֺαЩС
ܵġһ˵밢ھͷˡ
-

14 

Ϊʲôֱŵˡ
Щεؿǳ֮󣬴֮ʯ۳Ĵ֮ѪҪϽġòΪǵĴ֮ѪͽֻǱܰɣ
˶٣ȻпõĻṩߣҲкϳ̥
Ҳ˵ġ
ʱˡ
һ̣ЩԼⱲӵĸĸΪʲôô䵭ˡ
ԡ
ȵȣ磬Ҫд֮ѪҪϽһһ̥ͻȻʵ
һ㶣һߵİش˵ÿʵģ˵֮һʮδ֮Ѫһֻ̥Ҫһδ֮Ѫͨ˵Ļһδ֮Ѫ
̲ס˿ڿˮҲ̫
Ҳ˵ԼֻһͨˣҲ굱һ衣Ҫ֪һֹ̥ܵһӵģٶʮһ
ǵȵԼʮʱ򣬹ʮˡ
ԼⱲӵ׵֮ӣͻȻһҲֶԷˡ
չˣôຢҲչ˲
ҫ֮ȵӣʵϰҲáҲӦʱشΣеĻΨһǵģҲֻаںͰƤȱʧˡ
ҲںͰΪ֮֮кܴĿܳȬȻǵû֮ʯȻںͰԼȴһֱûκθӦ
һݶоˣǰһɽ
Ⱥѿ˵¡
˵ǰαһ콵꣬ǳ桭
㿴ˣ
Ҳ˵ġ
ʲô콵갡
Ҳ콵֮ʯ
ģ£
ǲǰˣ
ͷܻ֮֮ʯҵǸǱ˺òã

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¶㵡
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ǿƼʲôģƤһ¡ѰƲƲǳͦģ˵һ̡
˵Щ£ѰֵӦþ뿪ҫ֮ˣлᣬûǳΪ֮ӣ򡭡ǰ߱ҫֻ֮Σա
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˶ҪΪ֮ӣȻ첻Ըֱܹ꣬뿪ҫ֮ȵʱҲûܳΪ֮ӡ
Ҫ뿪ҫ֮ȵĺٸǣǾȻп˰塣
ôҲڣ
ֲֵʲô֣͸һ󰡡
ĬȻҲ˵Ϲһֻ۾ҲԸ˳ҫ֮ȣ׳־ҪΪ֮ӵĺӵͷҲһա
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һҲû뵽ܿף°̾˿ʵܿСѾͷģûΪ֮ӡҲֻȻڡ
ǻȥͻף֮ǰðԼˡõǼȡº϶ҪڡУһһСܲͷ
ӵ¹㳡ĺӣ˶гνģĺ໥֮ƺУ統ֵձġ
ˣǻȥܼĸ𣿡֪˭ʵ
ûв´ӦúһҲûĸġ
һԤϣشԣ׵ʱ򣬸ĸܻ档
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⻰˵ί˼ʵܲпᣬǸǱָĸܸʲôô
ЩܻҲɵģв˵ˡ
ûʲôоڸĸͲʲôڴˡ
-

15 

޳ٶȱȲ֮ӿңҲȲпࡣҪ˵ʲôȱ㣬Ǿ̫ˡ
ǿɱȹŴҲò˶١
Ҫϱӣ϶µϡﻩⱲӡò˵ӳͿʼĶսǷǳôġ
Ӫ֮ǰʼйܶ󣬵Σû뵽ʼھȻһǡ
жֻʼˣһ˼ؿǰԵøĳǳء
ȻԶԶ
ԡһһԺʼĸڣסˣͨСҲʼѪ
ǲ֣һĳǳأսʿΪļڣ˵ĸоһγУд
һȺӰڳ濴ȥһҲֹʱʱػǽһĽ
ܿ죬޳ͣһ³ָǰĽȺǳսʿ峤ͳϴҲͬʱ⡢װ׿ȶڳ˵Ǽ֮ء
˶٣ֲҲˣе֮Ӷסڳġ
̲סʵһ⡣ĺӴǳȥ¹㳡ģֶ̭ΪˣôЩ̷ͨģ
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˶٣ݣ˰ǲͬģһأҪһ룻ڶɣֻҪһɡ
˵⻰һ߽һ·شǽһ¥
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֪طӦŮӦǵĸĸ
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СͰڶá
۵׻һĨ⡣
붼ûжԽ˼䣬뿪ˡ
ܶκ͸ĸȴζ뵽ĳĬȻܣǶ
̫̾ϲǡ
ŮƺĸûҪֱǷǳձ
ϲϲν
忴ŶǵǺ⣬Ҳʲô
õǼǣһִ߽һС¥
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ȻǾͱһƽ͵Ůǰ
²˵ݣһڵ峤Щһҫ֮ȳġ
˷׷׾ȣû뵽ǰλŲŮԾȻʼ峤
?Ŀ䵽ǵϣϲ¶һǳЦϧǰӵԴӭǻع塣
һȺӶʱЩ޴룬ǾҲЩʴӡ
еĴˣڶûбԴ
ͶԺıֲ⣬̾˿ЦˣúһȥϢϴһǾͽѵӪúŬѵӪһֿ࣬ԺսϾܶһֻĻᡣ
̾λǼδǼҪƲúñ
-

16 ѵӪ

һȺӱһС¥У𵱳ڵ¹㳡Ĵ࣬ÿ˶һķ䡣
ȵˣһȺӾͿʼ峤
峤ᡣ
ǰû˸˵ҪԼ
Ҿ峤ȸĸҪá

ŶһȺӶ峤Ƴ磬²ÿɷλ峤Ǹˣ˭ֱ֪ǲΪǣ
뷨һҲϾڵԼ峤ʵ̫Զˡ
ھУ֮ѵӪ͵¹㳡Ӧǲ̫ģ˲豸һЩ
ȻŷָͲôһ¡
ͬڵ¹㳡ĹѵӪһһС䣬֪ĻΪļҷİء
𾪵Ľݡһ֮ӡ
Ľʵ֮ӣϵսļʱȽϴʵ֮ǰֻΪѵӪĽ쵽㹻ĹʡȻҲǰߵ֮ݼڼְܵġǹļ¶ǽܵ
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ΪЩսʿģ
ǾҲ̲ס˾
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ǲ֪һ᲻ᵽ
ǾЩɾͷһҲҫ֮Żġ
ô룬Էҽܵҽֱӽҵ֣ҲԽн㡣
ԥһ򡣡
ΪܻһЩʧִ֮ӵȻָܵԾô֣ľˮס硢ʼ֮ľˮ硢ΪǿƼ֮Խ𡢻Ϊ
գգ۾ƺǿƼ֮ӹҪǿһЩµӦǼǵһֿգԱ㲻ؿˡ
ôġĽ͵ǽ֮ӵΪ͸֣ôκһԵ֮Ӷпӵϵ֮ӵǷĸģˮϵ֮ӵҲǹģûж
ǣˮϵ֮йӦñȽ٣ϵ֮з͸ӦñȽ϶ɣ²
һƬ̺ȴǵ˵ͷ
ȷʵ
ʱȻʺǿ壬ǰ߱Ƚó͸ȴó
ǰսԵĻʼ֮ʯϻȽƣǿƼɱϱȽơ
ͨսʿǿƼ֮ӣǾǺ޷֮ˡ෴ǿƼͨսʿʼ֮ӣһ
ˣЩԤ۵սʿȴҪ߾ˡ
-

17 

֪뷨һЦľԵ֮ӣڴϣľԵܻǱȽʺϵġ
۾ЩСʵҿʼˣ
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ԥ£ַŵļϣǵһΣֻһ˿ܡҪע⣬ǧҪųܡȻܿ壬ܵĿ࣬ҲﲻĿˡ
˵꣬͸оһ˿֮Լڡ
Ǻܿ죬˿Լ֮Ϳٷɴ֮ҵʹ˿
ʹˣȴɲܽڵ
һȫֻ嶼Լˣͷ·һ궼ķѿ
ʹµʱʹĿ޺͵иԼ˵סǸˣǧҪЩӡ
ô˲֪ãȴǳʧȥʶ
֪ȴǵһѵӪĽСʶȫޣȴŵùǺʱʱͽָ쵽ı£ȷĺ
ʶѾǵڶˡڿĻˣһιˡ
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ڵͷ賿ѵģһʱѡ
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ܿ죬ҲˣϾ츳Ҳǵһ졣һֽţֳЩ飬ѾûвˣֻǶٻЩ
͵˵ˣһ򿸲ס
˶٣ֲʱˣҲԳʱ䣬Ϊÿ˵Ǳܶвġ
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ЩòԸλֳĽŲɲԸٸϺȡ
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Ҳûʲôģ˵ͷ
ָǵһγûѡǽһЩģиһҲԮ
ָ㣬ϹʵȥҪʲô
ҪȻûģֱӻشǵص֮ӻʵֻҪԷָӣ֡ǵص֮Կ콵ǾҪڵشҪڼе¡⻹Ҫע⾡ܰڱǵĲƲ򼴱ˣ鷳Ҳ١
˶٣һֻҪ𣬾֪ˣǰߣ϶ܵ͡
ȻˣҽǻǲҪһζ̰ͼȫΣյ񣬸ܹǡ
-

18 бׯ

˼ǰֵס콵Ӧô죿
ѵӪĽǽܹͨΨһ콵װⶫʹô֮ʯȻܴ֮ɵģźͲûʵȴǹˮ֡
ȻҲܵģ֮ҲûдڱҪˡϴģ콵Ҳ޼¡
ǻỹԽΪʲôȴ˵ûô˷ѣǳһģȷ콵Ƿǲġ
ԣıЩӣˣǾֻˡھʹڣҲֻܱ
˶ʱĬˡ
СһһӵͳˣЦȽ٣ҲҪ졣
˵ͷллǰĻܸĳƺ𣿡
ƣͺáӵҲǴꡣ
ҲæǺˡ
һߣǾͿʼҺʵĿ꣬Ҫ˵ѡǽһЩĵصġΥԸ˰죬ǽȴûҵ
ʵҲ⣬Ҷ٣϶һͱߵġ
ȴѡһбׯ
бׯǲҲԶ޳·һܵˡ˵ֽбׯطʵһģܴӣΪƶ񤣬ûʲôһֱûɳǳء
СȥǼǵʱ򣬶Էüˣ
ڵͷʲô𣿡
˵Ȼף˶飬ͼɣһмʱͲˡ֮ǰһ¶
˵ţȴǸɴСϿӡȻбׯǱߵˣȽ⣬ȻܹܣÿһζöΣաԣǹȥ󣬿ǧҪע˲͡
ȴԤϣֻ֪ˡ
СڴǱһСرһ޳ǣչƽ׵ҩװһ࣬Ǻġ
ҫ֮ȵʱ򣬿ɲһĴ󷽡
ƣСıܺãⶫһˣ޿ɾͲָˡ˵߻бݣ޲ڱߣǵʱֻԼ߻ˡڴ⽻
ڽӹлȻžͰˡ
޳Ҫ˼ԦֻҪĿĵظ߾ޣЩܵѱľ޾׼ȷĿĵء
·;У˳˽һҩ˷֣ʱ˯
޳Ȼͣµһ̣׷۾
ÿ棬ڵбׯˡ
˴ӳгûӾͱһȺƽΧסˡ
ǾһοڣϱӵпЩŴƽЩ񣬴żӣһûʲôעģȴһű΢ϴŵĻֺ̿Ͳ
Ѿ֪бׯ콵ˡ
սʿڵˡ
оˣ
εսʿôرС

أȺе
˶ЩΣһʱ֪ʲôӦЩƽֻΧ۵ģȴûкǽ˼
ںܿ˹ˡ
һΰֵ˹һ߲һߵظĹܼҴ󽭣ѾظȺѾãλ˸
ǵһα˳ƺΪˣ˶ЩӦ򴽵·ˡ
Ҳң˽Ҵ󽭾ͺˡһ˵ţ󽭾ʹǲȺ
Ͼ޳øڴظȥ
һ·бׯȻƶˣڵסõģĵҲϡϡ裬һûʲôӣ·ߵĺӿԶԶͱܿˣȻں̽ͷ̽ԡ
ΨһֵóƵģطعϡˡ
Ϊƶط˲١ˣ¶뿪ط
ظǱƽסķݺ࣬ҲֻԶԣľṹС¥ŵȴһҲ۵ġ
߽ȥһλͷ׵Ѿˣǣȴ̱üͷ
Ī
̧üģֻ
󰢺ڵ˵ͷǵģ
˰ִĻб䣬ε콵ģ»ԶԶԤơ
ʲô˼
ˡ
̾˿εҹص⴫ѶϢ˵ӦһιģС콵
-

19 

ʱ⣬Ӧص콵ɣбׯʲôϵ
ǾͲˡ̾콵콵̫֮ǻ϶Ϊһġ
ڵɴ۾˼ǡ
ܸ⡣̧üĵǲ֪Щ֮ӲֹܸӦ콵Ԥףܹһ̶ϸӦͨ콵콵ꡣ콵ܹ꣬ǷԵ콵ꡣ
һ⡣
ȻӦ콵꣬һʱж콵겢Ǻһˮϵ콵꣬ҸϵظӦһȷҲϵ콵ꡣ
˶٣֮ٽļλߣȷľϵ콵ꡣϵ֮Ӻͷϵ֮ӱҲȽϡ٣һʱҲϵϵЩ͸Ҫ˵ˡ
˵ҲпǱϵͷϵԵ콵꼫Ϊˣܣǻϵǽϵ콵ꡣ
ᶼЩز֪Ǿֻǳһ˷ǳͨ񣬽ͨѶһӹȵѶȡ
ãſʵʲôԡ𣿡
ٶǶԣʲôΣգһΣա
㲻ãҪˡ
Ȼ塣ЦǱԺͷԵ콵꣬ǿǱ߻˹ᣬ϶ܻܶ࣬һֱֻ̽һԵ콵꣬ǿƼһ󲿶ӡǿƵڣһˮľЩԵ콵꣬Ҳһ־ڱصá
ԣ˷׷˺ë
ǿƼˣҫ֮ȾʹǸǲɵĵĶ֡ǻ˫Ȼǵˣ˵ʵǳΪ˫ֶٶƴƴϾ˫˵ǵˣû𣬸ûᡣѿ֮ʯһ࣬Ҳᣬֻ˭ϧԼС
콵겻ͬⶫһʵ̫Ҫˡ
Ҫ˵ûеˣСɫ콵еҲǳ͡
˵ˡ
һӳȥ
ԼҲǴͨսʿһӱ㿴Сһľ
̾˿Ѿ崫ˣźܿͻ˹֧Ԯ
ԥ£ʵǿԷ𣿡˶٣ʵ콵ûǶû𣿡
û뵽Сôɴ࣬Ȼҡҡͷأֻʧܣǲܷġ
ȴǼпᣬΪ˱һЩԲսʿΪһЩ΢ԭڰΣڲˡ
ӲҪˣܵʲôͷʵ
׳ΪսūСһӰ̲סЩϧ
ҲѹЩҪߣʵ콵ⶫͨ˶̫Σˡ
սū
ҧסսūͬѰˣ˵׾սϵڻҡһսʲôΣյĻսūȥǱ˻ûϵĴڣֻз˲ŻᱻΪսū
㰲οõԴתͷʵˣڻҪ𣿡
ˡѾźˣأǽбׯɢء
ߣھȵ
֪鱨λ˶콵ͬûʲôʤ㣬µĻҲҪ¡
бׯߡһЦž˵֮ΪǻǺӣȵǺһͣͲ
ʱ򣬾⻰ǲÿɷģǲġ
ֱܾúܾԺ֪⻰жôԡ
һ磬ԽãҲԽܹ׿ˡ屡ʲôûйϵֻǡսΪճǰϣѾûʲôˡ
ںƽˣʱ˭Ϊеظܹõĺƽ
ǲûԵҪֻǵǰѴҲ߰ɣұ뱲ӣվҪˡ
һԵĴѾ̲סʧ磡
ȴЦˣ˵ˣҲˡ
ܾԺ󣬾֪̥ͬ׵ܵܣΪ츳̫սϣԲԸϳΪˣ¡
ʼ壬սǿԼҪϳΪ˵ġѡ˺٣УҲǴ
˴һͷĴ߳ظ
һûþͿڵľڱҪǰһȴסˣתͷʴ󽭵ˣȽ𣿡
ҲƽָλϰɣǸ
-

20 콵

ϵǣбׯļλһ˵ʹӦæһҼ֪ͨڸϽʰƷ׼뵽ٽȥ
Щȵؿλͣ۾ǲϡĲ棬ϱӿЩ¼Ƭе泯ũ񣬴ŴֲڼӵеǹǺˣ˵ʱЩΨΨŵŵһҲ󷽡
ȻλˣԼѣȻ治ɫȴǳݣǶԣͽðŵİźˡ
һ£վ˺ʹһ˸һ飬ڳˡ
𿴴ֻһˣʵ֮ǿֻ߲͡
ԭЩƽҲ᲻Ҳ᲻ãû뵽ǣ˼ϵĵص㣬ЩںܿʹСظϵˡ
һҲˣִͬϰʱʱ콵ҲϰʱֲַصˣҲΪ˸ˣĻ֡
˰ʱ䣬Ǿʹһƽ񳷵˸ڽķն
ֹбµڣǽҲѾ˷նСûϽߣ˵Ǹȥ֧Ԯˡ
֪ǸɢڣʵҲǱౣǡ
ïɭɭУӰ۶һӿдȷӦ콵ꣿ
ǧȷɤŰĴԺ˷ܡ
üμ۵ĹвɵȷôԶĸӦ
㵽ʱ򿴾֪ˡŵ
һ紵ĶñƿƬ̣¶һſס
Щ߶콵굽жã
㿴˿ʱֻʣʱˡ
̧ͷŰƶҲƶظ߿գüҲ֪Ԯûе
˻ش͵УҪȥ
磡һʶסӡ
Ҳһͬ
ڵ֪ǵĹǣǣһֱȻ˼壬ôǣǾñ˵ĿҪԺϵǰߣǵƱػ᲻ֺá
⼸ѵӪУͬƿװɾƣںͰĳɳȴԶԶ˼άѾĳ˵ġȨϣѾ
ԣ֪˵еͬͶǺˣ㲻˶ܸЩ鷳˵ֻ˲¡
̾˿ڵҸһȥ
Ҳһ𡣡
ûоܾתͷԴ󽭵ɡ
󽭶˶촽û˵һȥĻ
һþ޳·һʱͻصظֻǣʱȴѾˡ
ϵĻӦȥˡ
Ҳȥأɵ
æҡͷУȥǾûл·ˡ
򰢺ڵȥնûǴĻбׯķնر߽磬ʱʲôҲܼ¡
ûзԡ
Ϊ콵Ĵڣ絽Ƿն˵ｨնļȽӻ
ֻǣնҲвõĵطȫǰȫˣȴڹ۲
ˣȻ˷նȴû룬档˽ɹ˿ء
棡ͻȻָŸ߿պ
Ͱڷ׷̧ͷȻ¶֮ɫ˵ʵ˼ܶ콵ȴûһ𺳵ġ
ͼ߿֮϶ȻһڶǸڶԽԽ̼ͱ鲼ǵͷ
ǲ֪ģ»ΪʳΪˡ
һӦ콵еľɣ
Ӧˣûмһ
Щţص콵бׯ콵Ȼ϶ΪһˣҲ˵Ҳ콵귶Χ֮ˡ
ںͰ㲻Լͬǣס֣¡
ҡͷҲ¡
ԸĸһֱúõģԸǴͶܺúõģڣԸֻǡϣԼڴͶ֮ǰ
һ˲ĳͷǧ𣬱ŴӸ߿ȥ
㾲·ҲҪ㵹
ǻԵ콵ꡣɫص
򴽣նµֲ˶áնȻ̣ܵס֮ʯͲˣ֮ʯ𱩶Ĵɱһغ϶סġ
ǣ֣Ѿһ׼
ǡʱԶȴʵɫâȻһ˲䣬ӿһֻ۵ľ룬ԲﶼΧ£¡
ǡãնҲ䱣λ֮ڡ
һѪ³ⵣǵطסܼҪǡ
-

21 ǿơ

ͺѲͬȻҪǿ࣬ܶܣĻɸӣܹܷǳޣϸͨսʿƶҪЪˡһԽɽͼҪһЩҲǿǿͨսʿ
˲ϵѪҡͷҲ֪ܳŶãϣԮܸϽϵ
Ҳ֪ʲôϢѾȥһˣ֮ȴʼûܵ
ʲôˣ͵תͷ
ոڸϹľæֵˣǣ
һ⣬ôˣ
ץץͷЩġ
˶٣Щ˼Ϊ콵ĲΧôǶڷնӦòΣա
̾ǵҲǶˡ
˵ţɿȴСŮûԤϵľš
̧ͷЦûϵԼԼ𡣡
ľǳáڵȻᣬһᾡΪȡһ¡
ȡʲôȴǴղˡ
ʱһһţϵɫԽԽ٣ڣڵҼֲסˡ
˵ţķǿҵɫâ۵ľٿȻۣͬԲһ֮ʯʹ֮ʯУγһ޴Բ
ȴǱԲ·ϸӦֲˡ
ȻЩ֮ͿʼڴڵѪҲͬĴһ㣬ʼ֩һѺۣ룬ѾһϢ
صı߽磬Ƥڵӻվϣվڵ棬Ŀ߷۵ס
ôģ콵꣬Ǳ߾Ȼû֮ӹǿ?һ⡣
ӳ˼壿ǿ?ʵ
ǿ?ҡͷļʺܵͣϾҲû뵽ԶӦ콵ꡣûǰᣬĲ²ȻҲͲ
ˣϻˣɻɣǿ?ŤŤ
˵꣬ҲȲڣ֮һ콵ķΧڡ
㣡ӳ㿴ʲôӣֱŭ
ÿɷȻԱ˵ϲȴҲΪжա
ǿʳĵﶼǲġ
ͼӰԽԽ죬ֱǧ磬󼯽һž޴ĵ̼㽫콵еĴ֮ʯ޳֮ʯסѡĵѻһСɽ
Ȼѹڴ棬⽫ڴһݵأ͸֮õķ϶ȴǽ淢¿˸һ
Ե֮ӣԤӦǿƼĺƤ
ҪţǱ֣ԷҲҪǵСŵһˣһԵȰ
ΪʲôԾˡ
ǰںͰҲһ⡣
ǹˡ̾˿˵ףҲûʲô𣬴ҶΪ档ǱҪĻҲһҪƴһʵʱ򡣸ο̡
ǡɵҴô꣬ɱǿƼˣǿƼɱǼˣ⻹𣿡
һ٣ȴҡҡͷսʿսȥƽ˭ɱġ
תͷӵҵ˼սϵѰ֮
ʵЩġ
ʼǸСͰ˵ĺƤӣ޲ǿ̹ģҪСͰ𣬵Ǻ
˵ףɱСͰĲĳˣ
ôһĹ򣬾Ƥ³ˡսһʱһʱһʱɭ֣ɵҲ֪ǵˡ
üǾôǽ֮ʯߣ˵Щ˽֮ʯ߶Ƕ߰ȫģǡ
ⲻǸòĵ¡ɴ
֣̹Ȼһ㲻ʺͷŭûС
ðɣȻλĿҲûȥ̳ܲġ
ǡʱһƬУһݻһζһ̣ͬ뷢һ㣬ǧצس
һ˲Ļ㱣Ǹоô˵ءһǳ;Ƥ۾ͦ˲˧ںƤһֱٳٺõƤҲÿȥ
Ȼڸոգȴίʵһ
ǺƤ˵ĸоȴһҲڣͷ˫ıʣµĻֱ˼ˡ
ʶԼΪ˾Ȼ˻գǶһ˷˻գЩס۾Ҳ̫ˡ
룬ȴȻʧǿ?
ǿ?
һתͷȷ
ͷһصҿϵ˰ˡ
-

22 ɵ

ǿ?⼸ǰ߷ǳԾɱʼ֮ӶдϺüҳ
ѵӪҲὫһЩжԼǡν֪֪ˣǿƼЩ֮Ӹ֮ء
ǿ?˽˵ʼͷȴУѵӪʱû˵¡
ǿ?ǸϵĴ˧磬ؼľϵǵ˰̡
˵ǵ˰ǵǿ?ﱻ˸µģǲһͻˡ
ȻҲ֪ǲǱɫԻ˵Ĺϵ˰죬Ҳǵõûп˲ϵ˰ˡ
أͷָ߿֮ƺʲô
֮ʯһž֮ʯ̲סʧ
ھ֮ǶԼԼҲӦڣǾ͸Ӧһɼ产˵ܳ֡
ͷ̩ɽѹһ㣬ֻȫѪҺˣ̧ͷһΪѵĶ
ͻȻͷԭ̵ʼȻȵϷľ֮ʯ䣬ͻǼҲˡ
˵Ǿǣǿ?Ҳ¶󾪣׷˳
ɫŤ֮ʯ֮ںϵǿҲС˰ɣ
ɫأ޼֮ʯһôȥ
һ̣ޱҶһ֮ʯǿ¸޷ߣʵ֮ӲûеҲһ
Ϊ˿¸ûа취ӽ֮ʯ
ӳˣͻȻǿƼһλ֮ۼط˾ˡ
ȥߣᡣ
Ҳȷʵûɱģڼص֮ӣ޲սӢۡڲǱҪ£ǻڸϾɱ
ǶӳǲĻǹҲˡָǼ
Ҫ֪ǰ˲֮ʯȥ
ԣɫǾͺûϵˡȻɱ֣Ҳڶŵġ
ѪýնЦţָȥȵˡ
ΪȻҲǳգ۵Ĺ򣬼˵°ѾûټȥǼ㲻֮ʯҲҪˡ
ɽͼ̾˿һԵ⽻չ˺
˵̫ãǻˡΪѣֻҪһǾͲ
֪Ҫʲô۵׻һĨ⣬˵ͷġ
һ̣׳ӵصɳһ˲䶥һڣͬʱ˱סȻ͵˦˳ȥ
һȻ˱ˣ˦ȥʹȫȫˡ
Ҫ֪콵ɻûнء
̫ãҵñȽԶۿžҪһǰһС֮ʯײϡ
ͷð亹һšܿһ֮ʯˣıһʹԵ֫ٺʹ˶
һ֮ʯȴҲܲˡ
ţǰһڣʧȥʶ
ںͰĿѵؿżһ֮ʯײϵá
ǧһ֮䣬һӰͻȻھһ̣֮ʯһֻ޳סڴͬʱҲһֻס
һ˲䣬ض·𰲾
ںͰסͬ
ˡɵ
û˻ش
ʵҲ˵ȷǿ?
ģȻΪһСѾͷ˾֮ʯ֪Ӧʱˡ
񡭡ûУһԱСĵ
ԣ˲̧ͷȥͼǿž֮ʯɫĵסһȥ
ǡɵˡ
˿ʣž֮ʯӦûҵǿƵأҲǰսϡǿƼҲûܹ׽ӽ֮ʯ֮ӣڣž֮ʯ˵Ѿǵ֮ˡ
ǡСҵԼˡ
ʱˣͱץСϸڲˣ¶͡
ҲϲȴҲŵС¾鷳ľͷ
ͲſףҪܵõž֮ʯֻҪ峤¡
ӳˣʱЩڨڨ̧ͷȻôЮǸСˣЩɵ۵òǴ˴ȥɣ
Ҳ˵ȶԼҵ̾ˣȥô£ôһӻȥսū֮ʯȥء
սūִڣֻҪɻսϵķ²
-

23 

ںͰ㱾ҪãĻĿѣǷܲǱȥ
ɫ䣬ȴӰգ۾ʧԭأ˲˵ĸ
ʱûаѾ£òУҵĻû˷׸֮ʯȥ
⡣
ʱ˿̣üĿչѵмָˡ
һߵĿ¶Ź֣˺ܴŰͯ˻ȥ
˰죬ûаѾ£ûȥȡ֮ʯĴ㣬ֱӶŲæ׷ž֮ʯȥˣ
䣬˾ͻһӰʧˡ
۾ԲˣʶҪ˺ߣ뵽Ǿ֮ʯȷʵ˸šϾ˭֪ʼ֮Ӱ·᲻
ٵʼأϼӿأŪ־ˡ
ںͰȴļ٣ƫƫ˵ʵǸ׷ġ
ƫƫ˵Ǹû˿ܹ˭Ըǣ
һʱ䣬ֵ޲۾ֻԼʵ㡣
˹ʱ򣬿ľһ档ȻĿһʱռ֮ʯĲϡ
ǵصıһ˲ͽ˰Χסˣһ̣ܻȼ𣬱ɫʽڵնȾˡ
֪ʵ֮ӸϵˣһʱҲ˲ֵ֮ʯһߣ˫ҵش
ھ֮еİںͰ˼Ӳϳ֮ǵףһʱ䣬ԭڴԮֵ۾΢΢
壬ȥȾǿץˣ
һž֮ʯ׹ȥˣǰأһܰס
˳ɤӺ
ǺͬЩͨսʿ֮໥֮緽ʽģֻҪڴϢȥӦܸϾ¾ġ
սеĳ嶯΢΢һ٣ܿȴʲô¶ûһ㣬еıŲȥ
ʱһһţںͰ۵׵Ĺһһ㰵ȥ
ЩľȻһԣ;ץߵĹ򣬲ɽͼҲѾû˺
ᣬֵң̾˿ҲԹ壬ô֮ӹƱǷʲô¡ǱƷֲ֣ǿ?Ǹ֮ӣһ֮ɹȥҲֻ
˵ֻһͨսʿ岻Ϊȥ֮ӡ
⻰û˵ֵܶȴˡ
ֻǡԭΪΪףžм֮顣
Ȼˡ
һ̣۵׵ˮҲ̲ס
ʵ̫˾ˣǰСͰǾǣȴһαһ
ܲµǵ飬̾˿ȴҲ֪ôο
˭ôģֵֿܽʧȥڵڣľҲһƬƽ
Լ·һأʶѣȻȴǷϴ
ˣҲֻһ졣
ȫ¶һһۣǻģԵڳճǼƵĶӡ
غܣ׾ͷĸı䡣
ˣеһʱһϢĿȻϳֻǡԷǼ˼
һʱ䣬ǻԼʲô
ôĿ⿴
ԣĿ˵ǿ˵ǿߣ
񺮣һ˲䣬ǺͿ뵽һ顪˸òͯɣ
־òԣ֮ǰû˵£ô˵Ҳǰߵķ鱨ô©
ϾⱲֲϱӣͯ£绹治ʲôûڵıҪ
أ￪ڵӶ𣿡
úϱӿʹһżǵԱǴ´ˡ
뷨һԥ£ʵʵ˵ˡ
йһѣȻʵԼٲԹƵöԣۻʶʱһɡ
ֻǣЩģȲ˵Է᲻Եģؼ£ԼĶãָر˵ԼԷˡ
ô룬һ鿾͵ݵߡ
ͬʱĻһֻ޳֡
תתӣŷһһѻҽһֻѾõɽһֻȣݵԼߵĿ˺ġ
˿ĴСڵ̫ˡһȥƵҭ
Źֵؿһۣ㲻ݵ𣿡
һ㶣˰Ĳҧϡ
ǡֽʳʽǲе㲻ԣ
-

24 ĺɫɭ

ֱܾԺ󣬾ֽʳﲻԡ
ִЩʿɲϲιʳ
ľȻﲻԣΪûѡҲֻܾ˶ӡ
ûһᣬ;öӱˣٴνݹʱҡҡͷ
΢΢üҲûǿԼٽʣµĴֻȳ˸⡣
ˣǽʣµһֻ򶼳Թˣ
۾ɴˡ
һŵģﲻЦˣɤõ֮ӵʳܴѵû
һ㶣漴ҡҡͷ
ѵӪʱûٺͽദ˫ԷȴǲһģҲ֮ӵķж
óˮƿװˮһһιȣóһˮԼ
һŨҵľƮɢһ֪ȵǾƲˮ
Ա֮󣬾ԼĴ
ԼǰѲµԼӦǱˣھ˭ʵ濼ǣﾹûбˡ
ǣʲôԼǱ²ˣ
ˣʲô֣ͻȻ˹
򴽣?
Ҫ˵Ƿ²˶Լֲ̬̫ǶԷ²ںһЩ

Ŀ䵽ͷϡ
Ϊ⣬ʵϣⱲӵȷʵԴͷ
ΪᳰЦһͷЦܿɰ
ɰ
˵ͷ֣
ܾǰЩԣԥ£ʵ԰ҷŻȥ𣿡
ԣüҾ
һһʱЩ˼
ҵģҲҵġ
סˣǡʲô
ǿƼ弱ȱսūЩСʵ
ЩˣҵģǿƼġ
üҶԴʲôô𣿡
°ͣǡȤ
ʱȻֲѰ·Ļʵڲ֪ô
ΨһȷһǣԼҪ²ôסĿǰ˲ûΪԼĴ㡣
ǲ֪ںͰˣǲڵ
̫ã˵һỰ;ˣǴ۾һ񣬲뾹˯˹ȥ
ٴԼĵطֱһƬ֡
ˣһʱ䷢ѹˡ
ɻ
ｫɣһĴָĽеĺɫɭ֣ܵܵϮǲԶ֢ҩֲҪ̱ʮꡣ
һǲ֪£ֻΪԼȫֻ࣬ҪϢһ¾ܺá
֪̫٣ĺɫɭҲãҩֲҲãû˵¡
Ҳ֪Щ϶ǵҪǰߵʱŻռ֪ʶ
¿еĽֽһŽι˹ɣ԰ɣֽҲҩֲ֮һкô
ʵúܣһ⻰˵ͳ˽
ЦһĺɫɭȻû콵Σճ̶ҲͣΪǰ߽磬ѼʵʱʱʱҪϣ涨ﲻʹôģܣѾҷˡ
ü㵽ʲôԼϻѵľѾԶԶ֪ˡ
ʼ壬ų˰ںͰ㣬ӦòԸΪ˼
㲻Ҫ룬ԹԵľͺá˵ţͷ
һ˲䣬ƺϿΪɫ
㱻۲ȴֲԼˣ˿Լʱ۵ȷʵŹĳ硣
Ȼֳȴֻû񺮡
һҲ͸¶ԼĴ㣬ֻ֮תƻʵҪԶҩֲָܻ
ǿҪ١ǵϼ¡
˶٣İɣһᱣġ
̾˿
һΣû˯ţȵ·ʱﾹǽϸ·ġ
ؼǣԼֽŶֱӽ˱ϡ
úܽ֡
Ǿʮ꣬պôڷ׶Σؿڴʼ΢΢͹ڴõʱôһ˯ŵʱ򻹲Σȴܼˡ
ﲢǴĵˣЩӲͱˡ
ôˣ
̣׻߷߿ڵܲܰһ㣿
ﲻԣ׻ǰ˵ˡ
Ȼ󣬾ɰҲûáʱڻ״̬ɰ֮󷴶ЩôһȴǷѰˡ
Ϊ洩Ƥ׵ĹϵһҲûֱСؿڵȵ˵طŷСѾ۵ˡ
-

25 

һЩĪôˣ
һۣҧϽɿ
һۣȴǺ죬ɫ΢΢΢΢һͷ⿪ڸɱ¡
ΪǱŲ̫ڽȴĺˡ
ΪԼһѾ㹻ˣû뵽ϣи۵顣
ֽ⿪ʱ۾ɳҪʲô
ҪǿԣʵԼֻ⡣
ΪĿӦӦаģȻ̧ͷһ̣ȴһ˫ƽдɻ۾
һͣƽڵȻǸϴˡ
ϴ裡
һϴĻ㲻ϲͷỹвɰ
ҾöʱڲϴҲûйϵӲͷƤ
ᵱȻҪϴ裬ԼᶯãҪﶯ֡ʮֲ꣡
¶ԥһͼҡͷУ̫ˡ
ʱ޿
ΨһֵҵǣƺûǷ˼ϴĹаȫ¶ˣ
·ؿڵʱǷǳȻذ£һƽʼ𣿡
ֱëģǵͨ죬޲Ҹȥ
ǰӣûôܹ߳
·̫࣬Լ滻·ˡ
ھԣ·ʵ̫ˣо͸˸һӾ͸ϳϳ
ȫ̱ţӰ쵹Ҳ
ˣһëͷɺ
ȻһҲܲëȻ
ԽԽҪʲôˡ
Ŷ׼ȷ˵⻹ֻһ꣬ȴӰھĿ³̶ȡ
ʹĺɫɭеҶõҩֲУÿ춼Ϳ࣬Ըϴ贩£ιͷһ㲻ͷûС
һʼ߳ܣҲϰֹϾҲȷʵûκ뷨һʼⷽ滹˺Ҳˡ
ʱҰοôһ˧̣ԼҲ
ȻЩͷǿסȻأԽԽˡ
￪ʼһȫͿһδ֪ҩֲ֭Һ
һʼûзͼȻܿ죬ͷԼĵı뿪ʼΪƤѥĽŵҲһϵƤһһۡ
׵ǣͻȻһ죬ﲻ֪Ūһɫĳȹ²ظˡ
˵ʵȹ㲻Ϸ粢ûֻܵĹײ㣬ƽȻƶ࣬ȻȨײԼǿҲͬǰܸĿѡˣķװҲӲԼ򵥽ʵΪȹͬˣȻʽ򵥣Ư
ȵͷ磬ֿʼͷϰƯ˿
²վӣҲܲµԼ൱һ͵ޡ
ڻǽ
ʵü춼ز֪ԼǸúЦǸþ
ԼúһˣôɳˣҪ˵Ǹ˲ġֻҪܺúûţﲻģǾһͷʲôģ
û磬˵סİõ⵱ˣȻһִˣֵ׻ǣҵˣ˵ʲôҲԸ⽫Լһ˵˿ġ
ֻһʱģԼҪҲףҲõȻָж֮
Ȼʲôû˵ﻹǿеɣŷظƯĻкóԵĹӡҲЩͣǲ֪Ķһ˫ƯСѥ
սƤѥǷǳŮĿʽ
ɴһ죬ԴڵˣҾ͸ȥŪһ֮ʯںˡ
һҪҲںأ
ﹴЦ˵ܡ
ȻƺûԴȴֱˡ
ˣľͰеѼƻӺˡ
¸ⶫСͰͱ׵Ժˡ
һߣںͰȴ֪õĴ㡣ѾصһˣڼȻ
˾þһûʲôֵͨսʿץ˾ץˣôȥȣΪֳȴ롣
ȥˣȭ͵վһһֱֻͨսʿⱲӿܶû취ȥȾ
һ뷨֪веͨɿڵ
-

26 ݾ

ٿ̧ͷһ˲˲ؿŰʲô뷨
򴽵˵ȥô
룿
һǵĸףֻǡ΢΢ü˵뵱ʱǵ̬Ȼء
壬ǵȣȴ֮ġ
ʵҲûеףҪһԡˣȲ˵ûгΪ֮ӵУҲǿ󡣵벻һǶսʿ滹ʹ
˶٣ǵ˵𣿶սʿʵѰ֮ӲǵĶ̰û취Զ̹츳ˣѵӪ꣬ǵٶҲͨ˵Ƕսʿ˵սʿһȭҵҳ׵Ĺ֡
ܾãʵܹģһ֪Ĺϡ
˵ģȻûвͬĵ
ֻǣȻҪȥ룬ȴôҵģԷΪսʿ궼ǰսѰڼк
Ȼ⣬Ȼǿǵġ
ǻ콵ΪʲôûмʱɳԮʵ
ڵȻûǻص֪֮ǻ˸ǿƼ˽صļľ֮ʯˡǼ֮ʯȻȲǿȥǿţҲ˶٣ؼҲࡣǴμƻǼ׼Ѿõģ˺֮ܶӡص콵·ͻȻǸֲ֣ҲǵǱ֮ŸϹġ
ܵ˵βûпǿͻ֮ʯ֮ʯΪǵüʱɱǿƵ֮ӣʣ֮Ȼˣȴһ֮ʯҲûߡ
ҴˣǴμƻҲμˣ˲ˣΪǰ߲ʺˣؼһʱ䡣ҹţӦþܵˡ
ڵͷǵʱȥ
ܶʱѾһºˡ˵ܶʵûȫָжվԼԷˡ
ϧȴһҲûԼԷ˼
˵Ǵĺɫɭֵж׻м֮ӣǲһ¶ɾεġˣȻû˵֪ʱʱȥ
żҲһЩǿƼ֮ӣʱû£ʱᱻŰæÿʱǲ̫ͷʱ鲻ãܰš
һʼЩ֮û취ҪþȻǷȥǾĻͻᱻʰʱˣҲû˵ǰҲˡ
ôһʱҲһ˽⡣
˾ǸƢ˺ɫʱ
ϸ˵Լ̬Ǽˡ
ȻһΣĺɫɭһֻСȴǳؽС˻ȥ
һһֻ˵Сܣ˿ڣȻ֮߿ս̰Сɱˣ﷢쭰ߵ֮Ӷһ١
Щþʶ˶ͬû⣬СȴΪᡣ
ȻԼĪҲˣ˶Լʲô̬
ȻЩ壬ûҪȥıֹϾǶԼк档
ڴϵ˵ͨ棬һµ˵˭
˵ͷش˵Ķӡ
ԼĶӡ
̧ôأú󿪿ڵ˽ɡ
ںͰʱżˣΪ벻ǺɫԷɫȻƽȴϴͷ
ǽοʵƷº뵹΢΢üҲû˵ʲô
ǹʲô𣿡ֱӿʵ
һֵʱƬ̺󣬰ԥµġ
üȥȾ
˻شҡͷˣҲȥģǿ?ʵ̫ǿҲǶ֡
˶٣ֵԺսһȲȡ
ǿƼսūսϻлϵġ
Ļôȴζ
ںͰʵˡ
ǲҪȥȾǡ򴽵Ҫ̣ܳΪսʿ
̧ͷͰҲлΪսʿ浽һǹҲûжɻˡҵĵ飬24ʱͳΪ˶սʿⲢǰͰܹĲ𣿡
ܻʮѾǳٵˡ
ݾȷУǡã뿴ǵڵǣû߽ݾġ
˵ˣںͰɲԸ
Ǽ֣̾˿Ǵ𰸡
-

27 

Ϊͨˣķʽôһ֣ȻںͰ㿴̾˿ҪЧʣֻһ취ʳҩֲٻָ
ҩֲںͰ㶼һ㶡
ͷҩֲĺɫɭֵزĺɫɭ־ǰߣȻǵطû콵ȻΪܳ콵֣ö֮һƬɭֳ˱죬ĺܶණӵ֮Чеֲﱻ֮Ϊҩֲ
˶٣һЩҩֲӵЧ
Ǿȥĺɫɭ֣Ҳ
ȻҲͬġ
ĿЩӵĺɫɭֲôȥģԴͬҲ弤ģ˵ǣȥҲ˵һʧ
õҩֲģ㲢û٣ʵ
΢΢һҵĽ֮ӣһҹ˶սʿ
û뵽õĴ𰸣΢΢һ㶣ʵҪȥĺɫɭ֣ܸǷ𣿡
ʵһ壬ʵ˵ǲǰǰߵġ
̧ͷãȻ󿪿ڵԭ岢ǰĺɫɭ֣ǡ
˵̾˿ˣһЩҩֲӦùϰˡһʵʱȥĺɫɭְɡ
ӣ뵽㻹ڵʱ򡣷ЩҩֲôѾޣֲȱǮǰɡ
ԣںͰ㲻¶㵣ʵû뵽Ȼ֮ϲ
һԥ˵׻ǵлһĺ⡣
˵żȥȾҲ֪¼çײ²ȲãܰԼСˡ
֪߷£׻ָѾ֮ˡ
Ȼָôĳ̶ȣֻܵ
䣬ͷˣ˸ӡ˵˸ֻ꣬ͦɵģĻҪࡣ
Ψһþø˵ǣָ֮￪ʼȥĺɫɭս
ԾĿǰʵЩ޻ǺյģһԱݻȻС˲ϣҲûʲôˡ
ңò˵һǳõʦڽսһó츳ĹϵҲûܹʲô߶˽̵Ĺϵ
ͲһˣǸսӣ²̾ʲôÿζָĲʹ֮þǳ
ָо֪ʹˡ
̶̵İµʱ䣬;Լʵ˺ܴĽսɻΣؼǻԼսֶ
ľãҪǵִ׵Ǹ˾ϡ
˶սİʵ̫׼̫ȫˣ⣬۾գܸһȫЧķ
ãҺ˶ǰߵûʲôҰģʼꡣ
ˣﻹʼΪ塣
Ȼַ֣˵ܣܵʹ༸ԭȻºЧȴԭֹ
˵ʱЩ⣬ûԱȽϸߣ
΢ЦȴƿڴҺиƨԣ
һգץһֻЩֵıӣɫƤëβǺɫģϲǳɫİߵ㣬֮žͨƬе
Ȼ˷ܵıֻ֪ӿ϶ͨ
ȻڵѩƱѰѩƱûʲô⣬ĸ**ȴѵõĺöܹŶԷ׶εŮӣô󡣡
ıþСһֱȥѩƱ̣⣬˵춼ûá
ϾҲкƢֻ֮Լּرûо飬һʼֻĸӱߡ
ǵһ죬˰ľżһС**
һǱģҲ˵ʲôӹ**Сں
**˲ŷ**Ϊ㣬Ҳ˹ˡ
ȣԭ˰۵ùǺ̲ס΢΢۾ģǸĺ
Ȼ˵жģһССݡ
֮Ͳ˵ˣʱǰ£˼壬ɲΪΪһСôҩֲ
˲ڴ̱ʮ꣬ڼƻðںͰչ
Ǻܿ죬¾̾˿ϧ᲻ϱӣԼ汨
ΨһģҲǶһˡ
⼸Լ̬Ҳ㲻ϺãƢãһֱ
-

28 ʥ

Ȼ˶һ㣬ͽ֮ж
ǰӣ˵ǴӿﰾġϱʮʱĸȥһȺȥ͵˹¶Ժ֮ʲôԼӺеûûļְȻҲǲ͵ȻЩ͵ѧˣȴǿڹѧ˴ѧ
ѧҵһֶ˸ܡ
УĳջרҵĻû취ȣȴЩֻ߲ͥ͡
һʼҪԼʱǲͬġֲ׻ǿӦˡ
ʵûʲôѶȣؼƣĺɫɭҵٵϣۡҰ⡢õǣҵһȻ
Թ⣬̾ѡȻھڶ붯ֵʱʾˣ֮ǰѾѧˡ

ʵ̫ףΪʲôȥɳɲǿûôŮӡ
ĺɫɭֲ̫ƽ󿴵ȻԼˣﾹҲм²ؼ߸߹
ǱǿƵ֮ӷ֣սΣǲֵġ
ϵľ̫ˣüʵܾȣ
˵ͷ
ｫڻ°͸ķʲôֵģʼҲãǿƼҲУмǶԼйģ
Щףȷʵû̫ĹȻΪԼԭװˡ
˼ͻȻס񡭡ںͰԼҲûʲôУ
ˣЦǿҲãҲãȻϸ΢Щ𣬵ʲʵ󡣱ûζĵطӵܶԼĹ
Ȼûмֵʱ򡣵ȵΪ֮ӻ߶սʿ廹ǻʾһģˣҲ˱ˣ˼˶ء
ѾϰһЩΪԷ˼Ҳȥˣתͷ˻ǲˣ
˵أﷴʵ
ΪƢ˵Ļֱˣͣ
ԣﲻЦˣſһɣ˵ûǿƼ峤ж
ߣұߣȥأû˼ģߵĶ콵ǲķ羰
ĬȻˡ
һ¹ȥһ£µҩֲԼˡȻȴѩƱ**Ƕζ˵ؼЧȲ˵ڣ˵ڣ;ⶫֱҩ
һµĹΪÿѩƱ**ɫһùһ죬ԭЩ΢΢ƵͷҲںҲЩһЩУʹȥӨֱ֫¸߶ȡ
ָֿգΪΪһŮˣû˾ܾ˱£ΪԼƤֽۣϵļҲʧ٣ԺսǻԲСĿͷ
ʱȴȥһط
ʲôֻ֪ߣȻ˽һ°ӣһֱ¡
󣬳ǰľľ߿ƻɫʵ
ףҲܸ֪ϴϢֱֲˡ
ǰʥ¬ڶʱ֮šش
ʥ¬ڶʱ֮ţˣЩʲô
ͷЦ絽콵֪ΪʲôԵʣ
Ϊʲôʶʵ
Ϊʥس˷϶
һͷˮ΢΢Цȥ˾֪ˡ
˵ţֱӽһ̣ɫ׹⽫˰סһԽʹžʱ֮š
סͣг
оԼ·𴩹һƬ󺣣һƬӴȻȴһƬˬ
̧ͷܵľɴ۾
ǡ
ͼҰ鼰֮ǸƵɽᰣĵطڣЩɽûвľ˵һɫģɫɫɫɫ
һ˲²⣬Ǿòš
Щʥɽ˼ȻָŽµĺɫ϶֮ʯ֮ʯǴʥɽз룬ȻЩ϶еȥġ
бݵģȻһ֮ʯߴ֮ʯ۵öˣпͻƷȻ󡭡֪콵ˡ
ѾĿɿڴˣ⡭ôҲû뵽ѰһγУȻ֪ܡ
ʵܡģЦȻܴʱ֮Žʥصֻһǰܵȴ١Щ£ǿƺʵļжؼء
-

29 

ɵˡ
ãָŵĺɫ϶ʵΪʲôЩ϶ã
˶٣ܲһ취벻ɣ
ԣһ˲ЩĬ󿪿ڵ취ûУǲС
ʲô˼
ЩԥС棬׻Ǹ˵ףЩ϶֮ԻҲΪʥɽʧƽⱻƻĹϵֻҪд֮ʯ֮ʯͻصʥأʥصķ϶ͻʧ
һⲻͦ򵥵Ѳɻ᲻ô֮ʯ֮ʯ
鲢û򵥡֮̾ʯǹؼûںϵ֮ʯҲûգѾںϵ֮ʯ
Ȼûѻ˵꣬ȴѾˡûǴĻ֮ʯֶƷ˵֮֮ܽʯںϣ֮ʯͻԶǵڷ롣
˰ɣҪ콵ʧͲµ֮ӵȻֻҪ콵һ첻ʧҪ֮ӡˣȫһɽĶѭ
廹Ὣ֮ʯͻʥأȵûܹʥأϰ߶ûˡ
Ĭú󿪿ڵǳһоϵˡ
ûõġ֮Ӳ׸
أҲ뷨𣿡ʵ
ûж룬˵ͷȻͦû˼ģҲûлΪ֮ӣҵӲ
ֹȺ۵ʵٲ˵ӱˡ
⵽Ϊֹ
ָܵʥɽȥɣӦܹںϵܡ
һ㶣ֱӺʥɽеںϣ
ͷʥɽ֮ʯ˴Сʵû̫𡣡
ʥغܴ۾ôߣƺ߽硣
֮ǰеҪΪ֮ӣڣ뵽ЩȴЩԥˡ
ȻԻ˵ľڵľˡ
Ÿտǰǳýӽɫɫʥɽ͸оͻȻˣȻкһ֮£ʲôҲ֪ˡ
ͻȻֱͦͦ£ʶҪ˱סȻûüˣһȵʹʥɽ֮ӿϯϡ
һ֣ǧɳϣҪǹ
Ȼû뵽ǣûܽǹȴǾԶһʥɽ
һͷ׵۶ɵľ޴ӿиʱﶼЩܣȴɱ̳븹
žʥУʥɽȻţ߿֮ϣһǳһ޴ļͬһһһš
ںͰĺɫɭѾһˣԭһڽʵߵһ̶֮󣬰ԭļƻǴ뿪ȥȾġ
Ȼڼȴе֪֮ǰǿ?žĺɫɭ֣Ȼȴһֱûм뿪ǿƼҲʧȥټѾһûϵˡ
Ȼȷ˾Ӧûĺɫɭ֣ȻҲı˼ƻ
ĺɫɭطȻΣգҲȷʵˣֵʵͰǰνǲͬն
ȥյԽ㣬۵ȴǴżǳ
Ҳ֪úòáֵǰͻȻ̲סڵ
ֵĬزõģϾһξ͵һΣȻȴʵ̲סˡ
ڲϴİһŵ
ð⻰ͦû˼ģһ²ɶӣ
ΨһεģûˡԵģǸͲ
ĺɫɭ֣ҲвͬȦӺͽײģںͰ㣬ΪֻͨսʿĹϵķλһֱȦȻҲȥҾҲֻҴһϢȴǲ̤ġ
ץѾ꣬еļ尾ûб٣һʤһˡ
ĺɫɭ˵û콵żǻᱻʱ
һ죬Ϊͷ̫ͣĺɫɭֵһð߶˯ǡʱһһĺͻȻ𣬰˵˯ˡ
ȵǰȥ̽飬֪ٽǰ콵ˣֻǡ
ûôĺ콵ǲúܽ
ĺɫɭֵģѰ콵òźµģˣһȺ˶ȥˡ
콵ģ治Сϸ˵׼ҵ֮ʯ
ǰҲȥ˵þֱϱ֮ˡ
ںͰһۣҲȥˡڣҲһֱûзΪ֮ӵ뷨ֻбǿˣŻоȻõĿܡ
콵Ѿٽսˣҵ鲻С֮ʯȻǵҲ㲻ϺãΪûһ֮ʯиӦġ
ʲô
ͻȻһд
˳ָķȥ
һˣ
-

30 

ˣﻹһˣ
ںͰ㱾ûô⣬ȴǲ̧ͷ
ȿ߿еӰ˲ɷ׷ױɫ
ȻԶǻܹŵһͷûеȴֱǾ
˶һۣȻԥر˽Ҫµķλȥ
뿪ʥأﲻ˿Ȼ̲סһѪ
Ҳû⣬ֲ̧£Ϳ˻ľ
ʱ򣬾Ҳ̫ãѾѪ²ʡ
;Ƕ˿ѾԴԴϵܸűˡ
ҲҺϸ콵ŵԴӳ
ˣľ̫ԼãϾԭ֮ӣҪȾǿ࣬Ǿ
ﲻҶൢ飬һʹžĺɫɭ֡
״ںͰԥ׷˹ȥ
ĺɫɭһЩĳȥģһȪ
⴦Ȫͨ˶Ƕҩ֮ȴ̶ܹȵ޸ͿǱ
Ȼ֮ӣҲȪ֮ӳǿ³ȴǻѪˮ⴦Ȫˡ
ΪȪЩаţһ֮ûѡǲġ
Ҳʵûа취ˡ
ǵòʱ޸ܿͻ֧Ųȥ
ߵĶС֮вٶˡһʱ䣬ܶ˶˹
ҲΪЩ˴ڻںͰоյص
ʱȪѾвΧˣȴû˸ǰ
ںͰΪʵĹϵˡ
һۿȥǾͿȪˡħԼǼиľ
ؼǣ˫۽գ࿿ļϣֻϡ
Ůˮ뵵ȪˣʵǳȻʱȴûȥЩ
ǾǾѾЩ״ˡ
ûö٣ۿѾˡ
ȻеҪþȻƺУһʱҲ
ֻǡ
ȪҲѾãȴʲôҲûУӦѾΪ֮ˣ
һ㣬ֹ뵽ˣڳҲ뵽ˡ
ߴŵķ²ĺɫɭֻǺģʼ߿ܻһ֪⣬ǿǱȴ²ж࿴ء
˱Ǻһᷢ־ȻΪ֮ӣһʱȴЩ岻ˡ
ԥҪҪûȻȥǿ෴ǵʳֽߡ
жж಻ǣֻҪʶ˶ġ²ǱߣڳЩ˿϶Ҫù
䣬ģȻˡ
Ǿ͸ҵˡ
Ҳˣ˾һûߣ˫ܿγ˶š
ﲻûвµЩ˵С˼ȴᣬȫھϣһκγܲסȪļҪ̳
ȻȥԼòȪгʱ򣬾ȴɰȻȪС
ʱһΧ۵֮ĻҩζԽԽˡ
ʼ֮ѾûԥԾĿǰı֣Ʊһλʵǳǿ֮ӣпܱﻹҪǿ
һλ֮ӣƴҲҪȥ
ǿƼ֮òζЩƤĵļһѾȥ²Ϊǲ⽫˵ɱ
ﻢ˵׼Ѿ̲סˡ
ҲΪڣǿߵ˲ʮֽšڣǾԼⷽʤ㻹Ƿǳġ
Ȼʵȴǵкܴĳ롪
ո۾ûǰľɫһֻ־˹𣬰Żˮһʵʵ
һ£Ҫѯʣߵ͵̾˿б䣬㲻ٴˣصȥɡ
ûзӦһ䡰Ժ㡱
Ȼֻһᣬͱ˳ȥ
̧ͷͼּɫ׵ɳ̼ȥ˵
Щˣʵˡ
׳ںͰżˣҲ׷˹ȥ
ǿߵ˶ˡ
ˣ
ʲô

мӦҪһ̾ͱ˽̿һ
⿴ŰںͰ׷ȥ΢΢˿Ȼһᡣ
ɶ
һںƤɵˡ
ʱǱٱҲǹġûж룬ֻΪǹƢ˿̽
ôһ룬ǵҲͻˡ
ֻҪǱʾͺá
-

31 

ӳȥһ˲䣬µġ
ûԼѾĻܣͰˡ
Ȼֻת˲䣬ɡ
ֻһͨսʿôʵҪסһ²Ȩһǳ׵¡
Ѿ֮ˣһһλʵ͵֮ӡˣǿƼǾԲжȨʹȨġ
Լҵ֮ӣҲ֪ǿƼĴáҪôҪôײٿá
㣬Ĳζһʱֲʲô顣
ｫ׳ȥʱܣҲˣȾعʱ򣬷ԼڿС
ɫĹâһ˲䣬һôӵεضʹﵽ˾ĸ߶ȡ
һקֹ֦סȥơ
ںͰ׷ں棬ýһĻһ֮ȴԼͬ˷
ΣΪ֮һ£
֦ϷƬ̣Ϳ˴Ӻ׷İںͰ㣬¶ϲ磡磡
ʱ꿴ãںͰ۵׵ǳɢȥ¶˷ĵЦݡ

֦籧һ
˶ЩֿЦò侲
תڴһ㣬ǴͿСظԭĴС
žʵúû㣿
Ȼе鱨ϿӦáǣΪֳ׻̲סġ
Ҳĵؿ˹
ıЩӣ΢΢ҺܺãҲܳΪ֮ӡ
ֻǣԼⱲעҪԲˡ
㿴˿ãԥǲǡ
û˵꣬˼ȴԡ
Ϊ֮ʯĴڲûз޵˵ҲûŮ顣Ⲣ˵Ů֮Ͳ飬ֻǲ飬ŮҲ˷ʱȥУͬӵİȴǲЩֻάĹϵһһҲûС
ԣЦûУˣǰҵˡ
ںͰû뵽Ȼ˵ִ𰸣ʱ㱻һ
˵ͷЩŹ֣ͬû⡣ԣǲõģҾԲŮ֮顣
˵ںͰȴǷ׷¶Ź֣ͬûǼ˼ԼþͲࣿ
߼ǲʲôطԣ
뷨һ˾ͱĻע
ôôܵĺɫɭˣʵ
ڹȥľںͰҲûһһʮ˵˳˵ĺɫɭΣΣգȷʵǺõطˣǵʵô졣
ǰҲҺǽҲطꡣڰں˵
һ£Ӧûؼһˡ
ʼ壬Ȼ̸϶и飬Ҳ˵ж෴СԵĲ˵µ¹㳡һЩǵҲǱġ
ھĻع飬ʼ岻˵һҲǳ⡣䣬ܿме֮ӸӦ˾ϵܣʶ֮ӵݡ
֮֮໥иӦģϵ֮ǿֱȵľ
㱨ʱ֮˵Ǻ£˵ţԼ˽ȡһ
һַǳϡҩֲΨһþҩֲȲһЩʥҩӳԶǣǼΪѵõĺö
еĺɫɭеõģܹţԼһţಡСŮһţʹ˼ĹţѾĿˡ
峤ٻ⣬ǾȻܵõһ
ⶫĺɫɭֵʱᵽ˼¶ûҵ
žǣ˫ϤͲûж˵ֻǿͷһȻ˵˶Ժİš
˵ճΪ֮ӣӦѵӪʵȥǰߵġȻûĻʵ֮Ҳֻ߲ˡ˵ţʵԼʲô뷨
ȥǰߡ̧ͷʵ峤֮Ҫʵ
ո֮ʯҲҪһͬԵ֮ʯҲϸ΢Ĳġͷһںϵ֮ʯ㹻󻹺ãںϵ֮ʯСԺҪͲ̫ˡԣѵӪһЩʮ궼ûǰߵ֮ӡ
Ȼ˵ͺӰȫϽʵһЩ֮ӶԲǻ¡
µľǲϲ£ѵӪǰֺѱסΣ֮ӡ
-

32 

ǰߣûֻǡ
Ҫһ𡣡ᶨ
⻰ͼֲ⡣
Ϊʼƶȣ͵һ󡪡ֵͬܽõĸǳ
ѡ֮ӣ˵ʵ
ֻǡ
üȷǰϣ֮ӵս콧ͨսʿսڳԭֻ֣īȥ콧ȥԭ
㣬ʵԤϣҿԽܡΪ֮ӲһˣȻûΪ֮Ӳս˽飬ԼҲġ
㣬ֻǲ콧ͳԭ֮𣬿ڵҫ֮ȴ콵ƵҪ֪ԭֻҫ֮ȸӣÿ춼Ǹǿȵ콵콧ȴǳϵ콵ꡣο콧ĵΣգ֮ӻãͨսʿǶӦͲס
ǿԣͻϣܹıġôǿ֮ӣۡ
Щ⣬ȴûиı⡣
콧ȻΣգӦҲطûеĻɣ²
֪ҫ֮ѿ֮콵Χĺɫɭô֮Ͳ²콵һ̶γһЩϡıˡ
һû콧·һƬԨԨһƬޱ޼ʵĺ̶Ϊ콵Ӱ죬̶ҩֲȻ±ҲҩֲԼϡزΪʱʱ콵ƻǸȽѵõͬʱ̶кǿĴ֮ЧֻҪֿܵס̶ıܲǿ콵ڣ̶ɲŵĵط
˼Щɵʵ콧ʺǿǵ𣿡
콧ֳ콵Ļ֮ӣҲԱΪԡ
콵콵ɲһ£֮ʯΪܵĹϵǾ൱һʱըһ֮Ӷܵʱ򲻹ǳ桭һ仰ݾǣһ
û뵽ע⵽㣬ͲЦˣãʺǿǵ𣿡
ĬȻãȻҡҡͷ
ǵģǲǵˡĿº͵Բص֮ʯϣ˵û̫ͻġء콧˭û취ռԷ
˵Щ뵽ˣ˵ףʺǿ˵壬ִϱӵ֪вġ
İ곯Ϧ˰ͱ˵ˣҪ콵ʱֳȥǡ
ֹˣΪ콵ĴڣΪд֮ʯƽոѣȴö࣬ճԼͲˣľͲָˡʼȻû˸֣ܲסвľ֮ӣܰԼ˵Ķһʳ̡
ԣûġ
Ϊʲô˫Ҫԣ
ԣЩЦԥҪҪӣ뵽ʵò˶þͻΪĶ֮һ㿪ڵΪͬ
ǿƼ峤ǿ?أһֱҪ̲ʹǿƳΪΨһĴ塣ҡΪʵ峤ҲߣҲΪϲһ¡
ƽ̫ˣϲһʼ⣬ʱˣûƺĴڣ˵þͻὫЩƽգͨūԼøݵϾ˶жԵġһǶˣһѻֹ˶ûУԻὫ綼Ͻ
䣬ǿ?رһΪ֮ӵĵλӦøͨ˵ˡ
ȻǶ峤Ļͬġ
һҶ£ﶼΣա
ԣʺǿƵĹϵǵֲǵˣеķִ硭콧þ˾֪ˡܽ
˵ǿ?أǿ?رȴǿըˡ
Ũü꺺صؽĲˤ˳ȥòһŽǰ߿ˡ
Ǵĳأֱеζߵöᣬͣ£Ŀͬһſһϡ
˵ǲϲǸ²ݺʵ
̧üһŹֵԴҩˣ
û㿪Цص۾ҪϲǸСѾͷܰȥʥأΪ֮ӣܰߣ
Ϊʲôܣ߽ֽһŵڵϵȻȥСͰԵܳΪ֮ӣš
-

33 

СͰ֣زɫŤ
֪˿ܻΪ֪Сһֻ֣һֻ֣
Ƿ²Ҳˣü
￴װ˵ҪȻΪأ
Ū˭أظţɵӰҿ˵ˣǿһɶõСˣɼɹˣ
Ҹ˵ס﷭˸۵Щְ಻һֹֿɰСͰԻҪ˰
ദʱ䣬ͱǰϵİ˰ˣ
ԽĹֻϣҲӲϣֻȴӦòɡ
ʼҵŮˣһһƻ!
ȵȣͻȻһ£ԵӣǾԲһʼʹ㽫Ƿ²ߵģƫִȥʥں֮ʯ
òһʼǴ֮ӵɣ
˲ȴʵжǿģ˻û취֮ϵܣȴָа취
ԣһҲǲû𣿡ʱŴȥȪȷӦᱩ¶֮ӵݣȴѾˡ
ôҲöͬ֡
ûɡ
ûɣ
صˣûɣһʵ֮ܲӸܻȥˣ
Ŷˣ㻹Ҫ
ز㱻ҭǽһָӽ쿪ʼ͸ߣ
ԣɫһ࣬һȥ콧ɡ
ɫΪҲ֪ȥǸǰɣ
˵ֻǰ˵˶Ǻһɵǲǡ
ü
һӿС˼ޱҪǲҾͰһӱˣ
ʱ㤣֪ش˵ԥ£ǾʱЭѱתˡ
ȥ͸ںͰ˵Լľ콧ȻΣգܱǣҲܸǿ󡣡
ںͰһۣ鶼Щԥ
ȷǲ㣿ڿʵ
ͷҡͷȷʵ˼ɣǲ߶ڳԭΪҲġ
˵꣬üЩ֣ںͰ㶼հǰ˺ˣõģ˭֮Ӷӻˣûַˡ
˽Լ磬ǲûνĴ塣
ǲ˭˵ʲôʵ
㵹Ҳûǳ壬ǽˣǲҪ㣬˵ĽǱġ
Ĵ⻰Ҳʼ
ҲڵʵȥԭȻҲΣգҲԱȥ콧Ầ㣬ǻȥԭ
һҡͷûĽ㣬Ҹ˵ҵʵ϶ҪǿԷܶ࣬Ҫҡ
鲢û˿ǿںͰһۣû顣
ǱҲ÷ֿǳø飬ҲǲġȻõʵǿˣȻǿûԱ߻һ
Ȼ׼Ҳû飬ֱӾ걨Ҫȥ콧
Ǵ㰴յͼԼҹȥģǼȴһȥ
û뵽ǣ˾Ȼǳ塣
˸һμʱһһƵݣͷ·ûзӪȾһº͵ǰߵǲ֪Ļ࣬·ϸ˵һ˵
ʱ򣬾治ʲôףȻҲ̸ϺޣȻǼ尲ŵģҲûų⡣
Ϊ޳ȥģεľ޳ڿзеģֻ޴Ĵ㡣
;УһֱڳУ嵹Ҳľ֪ǰߵ˵ˡ
죬ڳϢͻȻӿڴͳһƴ͸ʯƬ
ʯƬҲУǼ巢Ÿ֮ӵģдʶ֮ӿ໥ڶԷĴԼܣҪʱͿڴддݻͬܵĴϡ
ֻȴֻˣֻܷţû취һһʱǷϢ˶ˣ񻹻ҳ
Ȼ磬ͨѶֶȴѾǸ߶ˡ
ôˣʵ
忴ŴϵݣɫһҪһˣڸϮ
һûǰ߰ɣѵ֮ʯ
ǡ忪ڵǼ١
٣ʵǿƼ壿
ǡɫŹֵӾǿƼģû֡
-

34 

ԣ˶ˡ
ʵӡǿƣһš
ʲôֵģ岻ΪȻʼƿصĶϵˮݷóũ£ŴũǿƼڵŷḻĿأó죬ͻܳҡ˫ȻҪнס
ĬȻ
ǰʵȻǿƼ壬ǻ˭ҽʵӣ
һЩС塣
С壿һΪֻʺǿ壬ȴǴû뵽СĴڵġ
ҲϵСûҪʳЩС壬˵ܵǿƵĴѹȱû´ӵӦǡ
ǿΪʲôҪѹС壿һ⡣
֪ʺСദЩСΪҳϣὫǰߣʶЩСҲݣ˵Ǵչˡ
ԣ¶мǿ?ҰĲɿЩСԷչѹҲҪЭǿƼ塣
üǿƼλ峤һİԵ
뵽˵λ峤жȴЩ棬ôһˣܶʲô
ž޳ϵӵڵʱ˵ĺۼʾͣ޳ֻʣһصʬԼһλ˵֮ˡ
ͶԷȻʶģԷɫһɣҲæǰסԷ
ָ΢΢һǳܲϵһһҸߵСҡҷһƬââ֮£λ֮ϵۿɼٶȻָգ۵ĹȬˡ
𾪵ǣֱըÿյˣȴӲһֻõ֣
״˵ǳˣǾҲһ
˽Ȼ˵ľʵ飬֪ԼЩЧЩܵ˲أֲܵµģҲֻΪԼܾͱ֮ӺһЩȴû뵽˫֮ô
Ҫ֪һ͵֮ȻҲ˲Ȭֻͨƣܵµһ£
һвٳ⣬˵ģ˵ںͰ㣬ȻˣƤȴûа취
Ȼովλ֮ӵƾճˣ
ʶʲô̿˰ںͰ㣬۵׵Ĺò˼顣
õĿ⣬ںͰ֪뵽һˣɱЦ
⡭Ϊ˵ĺƾ۾ɴˣԼʧõ״εҡΣ
ȴǶ˵ץסֻԱһֻ۵֣ȵģйͷԿܲܶǸ衣
ԣָԭһƾȭϸϸƷζһµоԭҪСһЩϵļҲûˡ
ԣ鼤ˣּס̾ͰϢȥǲȥ콧ˡ
һ֮ӣǵʳʲô˾ͶˣҲС嶯ֵģʱǿǱ˵ûлᷴҧһڡ
֪뷨üΪʲôȥ
΢΢һü֮ӣڼбȽϰȫ
üҲûԱ֮ȻȷʵӦڸ͵֮ӣⲢ˵ǰ߾ֻ׸ˡ
Ȼ֮Լȥ콧׻Ϊ˰ںͰ㡣
Ϊԣܻͬ׳棬ںͰȴǲġ
ļ֣üյȥȥ콧ܶҪ屨һ¡
Դûƾǰ˵һʲô𣿡
ƾѾˣһʳ֮ӣʵԲһ࣬ûзԲš
߶ʳʵ
ԼĪƾش
ʱЩԥ֮ӣٶȲܿ죬׷ȥ׷ϣֻǡߵľá
˵Щ֮ԼаգԷƣȽЮˡ
򴽵ȥ׷ɣҸھ޳ϡ
ԭҪܾ뵽Լγ˵Ƿо޳֮ǷɲģãԼעⰲȫҷ񡣡
˵ͷŰںͰ˾޳
źǣͺƾһȥ׷Щٷˡ
ڣȴ۾ؿ򰢺ںͰ磬ǸϽ·ˣ
-

35 콧

³ҪʲôںͰһۣԹԵذˣϵı⿪ֱֻʣһ̿㡣
Сһ鳤ǰǻûʲô߳ġ
ȻѾʵݣԵʱ򣬾̲סЩţСĳѿҡҷϸ۵֦ҶǵĹâ
ھȵע£˫˫ԼڵıɫıһһʧһƬ԰ȴƤ
һ̲ססͣɴŴŵۿе䡣
ȥÿȵʱѪ죬ʱãٶıҲֹסˣֻҪƤȱʧĵطˣҪܱȳ˸ʹ࣬ҪʱָܻǲϸȾղˣǼ
յĻ𽥳ӣߵ·ˣŵҲ᳤ÿȴܱǲĥƤĥˮ塣ȻƤȱʧ֮ȴôҲܹǵļˡ
ã治˹ġ
ںͰ㻹ģͱõģŻˡ
ôˣһ޴롣
ҲҶᡣ
Լȡһ߲һЦǸ˵ġܻһ
Ǳȴ̫˳û׷֮ӣҲǶԷʵ̫ǿǴ򲻹ǡ
һýĳᣬͺƾͷˡ
զ찡кûн֮ӣƾһѡ
ʼżҲ𡢻Ե֮ӣƵʡҲͼʮһɡ
Ȼպãеһ֮ӣ֮ȴûеġ
˷Ȳܣȥ;ϣҵǱ߻¡
ôһ˵ƾʱҲ˲ʳˡһ֮ӣʧʳֱëëꡣ
ǣ˸޳ȥˡ
νΪѣ¶Ź֣һֿɵӵĿ⿴ǡ
ǰû׹ǲʳҪǿƵģ
ͺƾһ㶣Ȼ׷¶Ȼ
ǰô¸ˣûн֮ӣǿа˵ˣǻܺúýԷһ١
Ȼ⣬˱Ҳˡ
Ϊּ·ֻȺͺƾһԭصȴԮ
Ǻƾһ˾ûĻЩʳǲҪȥǿһȥʲô˵ǻ˼ңܵеų
ھΪʲôߣȴҲǲͼԮϡ
Ҳ֪ϢȥԼѾеϡձΧĿ
콧йȻЩȴȲǰһĻǧ֮һ
ͼޱʣһ޴ĻڽΰĺɫȺɽֿĻ֮£ǧ֮ʯһ£ʱʱըһġ̻
֮£һԾŲ֮ӹȻͬʹȻ࣬Сͬϡ
һĻԱȣó𺳡
ӵɴ۾þöڣ۵׻һĨڵ߰ɣҴȥĺվǼǡ
ǼǵʱǸһֱĴΪޣȴһ
Ҳ֪ԼѾͨˡ
֮󣬳ȥ˼ǰߵܸˡ
۳ЩؿǰҪжǼеĶ飿
ĥȻۣǸ͵֮ӣԸǵĶӦò١
Ҳҡͷǵж
ɲðںͰȥ˰ۣ˵ˣֳȥˣԸ⽫ȫ񶼷ϡ
Ϊ˶ˣǾǵòʧˡ
۳Բر⣬ȴǵȻˣǻȸҵĶɣӦߵٵս
Ҫܾڵǹ
˵ҲֻĬϡ
۳ǵĶֻˣһͬǣֵͬܣֱˮᡢͰ
һҽܣ̲ס¡
ֵ֣ܵǰˣһôô
Ѿϰ֮ɻһؽ͵ҵ׵ʱû֣ùԱȡһ
ԣ˲¶ͬ顣
⻹õģٻ˳ڣôҲϰˡġЦͬһãΪȡ֣һаһа㡣

ӣ𰢳Ͱ㣬Ѿ㹻˰οˡ
һԴȤǰοԼɣС´ٰᡣ
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36 ̶

ǿ϶ܵġ˺ߵ
һĪº͵ķһЦؽ͵ÿΪֱ˴ȤϲðͰӡŪر֮󡭡Ȼԩͷծˡ
ԣ˷׷̿ȻǶﱻòᡣ
ǾȵͰ㶼֮ӣͨսʿҪһ֮ӣҲܡ
䣬۳콧ܸˣΪĶѣʵԲ͡
֪ھʲôˮЦеʲôϡģǵȷʵ̥ͬȴˡ
˶٣ֵ֮ӣƺˣʵϣ˹ˣǵͬоŸֵܡ
ĬȻһԵܽҪͬö֮ѡ
⵽Ϊֹ۳ǴžȥǵĻء
ԭΪǵĻӦ콧·ĺ̶̶֪ĹЧһ뷨ĻҪʮСʱš
Ȼϵǣ۳ǵĻؾȻ±˹ҳĶѨ
ֹˣý˲ŷ֣±ضǶѨȥ֮ЩѨǳҶͨġ
۳ǵ£濴ȥȻ֮ʯ£ܿ±ҲĶѨġ
ǿЩƤʹڶĶѨ۳ǽ͵һ£˫ûʲôͻģҲҪ֪ϵ콧һȥһߣҪ콧ƽ֮ʯҪסЩҪ͵͵ĺƤ
Ȼ콵ʵߵ콵һֱ𣿡
ôܣǵģصʱЩ֮ʯҽأ˾͸ƿһֻܶܡ
˶٣򰢺ںͰ֮ӻãǾΣˡ
Ҳף֮ʯһ¾̱ˣﲻͿҩֲ֪Ҫɶء
һ֣صһᱣøǵġ
˵۳ǵΣںͰЩζˣһҪŬǿٲܸϺȡ
һ۳ǻڶѨ˯һ˵ﻹûʲôõġȻ˵ǶѨĸ죬ͺһķסûģʲôĶС˸ԷֵһĶѨûʲôˡ
ڶ죬۳ǴһкҪȥ溮̶
ں̶ǿЩƤļʷǳߣ۳ǲǵģվһȥ
վڶѨڣ۳Ƚȫάһ㱡ܷ֡˵򵥣ȴףֵܷĺǺܽģ̫ⱻ֮ʯͻƣҲ̫񣬲˵˷ܣֱҴʵڽǰγܱըǾˡҪ񣬻Ҫһԣպ֮ܽʯȥγܱըҲΣ
УҲע⸽˷ֵ֮ʯײˡҪעЩƤĶ򣬿ɱ˸ˡ
۳ѭѭյ˵˫⶯֣Ǹպ÷лӵһѣ˭
֣صͷǣŰڣǣŰ㣬ǵ磬ǣȥ
ԣ˵۳ǣǰںͰҲòˡ
һֶֻڲ׾ϺȰɣ
֮£۳Ҫֵһģҷܲڳ֡
۳ЩŽɣͷųֲܷںͰ㶼ˣҺһûУҲ˵ʲô
˵콧ֻжıǷ֮ӡ֮Լ֮ӣҪ±µԨҲס
ȻĻ⣬ǿеܾŨɲͨ˻ֻѹ֣֮ȴֱӵڵܺӦﵽڿշеĿġ
һʼΪǣŰںͰ㣬ǵһڿգղƽ⣬ϰһ֮Ӧˣ۳Ǻ¸塣
֪˶ãϰһһµܱըҲαܿͬ鵯֮ʯţܻһƬƣһſµ֮ʯųİɫβͣǻ׳
ˣϽƣ
·۳ͻȻʾ
Ȼû̶ˡ
Ȼһξ룬һƬ̶ˮͳ֮С
˵Ҳ֣ǵһμɫˮ̶ֻˮ̶İɫȴºͣǺݣԡ
ż뺮̶ף͸о˱֮Ϯ˾ȵǣôһĹϥѾʪ͸ˡ
-

37 

ǰǼĻ棬ÿ֮ʯҽ̶֮УͻἤһƬˮֶ̬ķ羰λ֮
̶ײ֮ʯ֮ʯǲáΪԽ£̶¶ȾԽ͡۳ǿڵ
¿ȥһʼûע⣬Ȼܿͷ̶ֺǱӾ
˵ˮУ·ӿˮֱ
Ȼûüͼ룬Ϳһ͵ͻˮ棬ͬһɳˮ棬Ȼڿжøɸһ

۳ǹЦȣԺҲġ
ǰ㬵̶Ǻġ
򰢺ںͰ㣬ȥԣ
ںͰû
Ҫܲס͸ңǳȻԭںͰǿͲ˵ˡ
ô֮ӣʶǿͨսʿ
۳һԵǵʱ򲻽ȥҪܲסǳ
һº̶ҪտһںͰֻǸ
лһʹŰںͰ˺̶֮С
׼뺮̶һ˲̲סһ
ͬʱ˿˿Ƶ֫ٺּܽ궼ĺֲȻظ֪Щ壬ڵĽۿɼٶȱüͣѪǿʼþ⡣
أ͸еһƿ֮ͷ𡪡
΢΢üܷٿȻͣؽ֮ʯˡ
һֵ۳ЩȣǴʾģʦͨѧôˡ
˵߾Ӧ̶ı䣬һߣʵӣչţؾץֱߵĲ˳ȥ
һȺ·ϵĻ쵰
ءײϴţĲˮһѿ
һɢ˵ˣֶ̫ˣЩСṷǽ
ֶըëֶôˣʳԼģƾʲôװ׸ЩС壿
֪ʳж಻ף˵ҲҪǵؼǡⶫǿúܶģʳƷ!
һ۵ЩСϹĿǮˣ
һҭǿƵЩȻҲǵġԼĶΪʲôҪǮ
ζؿһۣʵ峤һֱͬбơ
ޣǶˣҪǳԼˣ𣿡
⻰ģرƢְԵ治ǻ̵ҲǧѼ
Ȼ
°ҡͷһֵ̫ʵҲǺ¡
ô壿תʵ
ɫһҪʳƫƫͲʳҾͲţҪˣǻֲϲǿƼ塣
ԲÿɷֻС͵ʴס
ʵϣҲһ˵ȴû뵽
ûں̶ȵҹĻ٣͸۳ǻػˡΪ۳˵ҹ콵ܼΣա
ô򰢺ںͰ㡣
ںͰҪӺ̶
ȭһ˷̶ܵЧ̫ˣǰʮ춼һϽ졣
һԵİҲһЦ⡣
Цȵܸ壬ǱȥҺ̶ҩֲԺǰں̶Ͼ塣
ãںͰ׷׵ͷ
¾ͼƻδ۳Ǽ֮Щ
콧ûжҪֻܵȳԭǱ߹ľڶѨԲ
ȻֻҪеʵ֮ӣʳһΪֲ
ⶫѿЩ֮ͬΪӴĹϵǳʺĴ֮ʳá
ʺͨˣ簢ںͰսʿȻҲܳѿĴָһ飬ͻñˡ
ⶫǳģʵ
ѿ±ڷ϶Уòժ˵ҲǺܶࡣ˶٣۳ǲȺƤʳûԣʱʱͻܵҪϣ˾ˡ
ԱߵͷǰǰȺƤǶͶ̥ÿʳ˹ҪСǹ١
Щǿôȱʳ𣿲˵ǻǻʳ𣿡
ΪҪûҪʳడˮ䡭ǿȱʳǱߵƽҲȱʳ
Ҳ԰ƫƫǿƵ峤֮ʯʳɲҪˣ
󲹳＾㿴ŰɣȵǱߵƽջðյǰ֮ʯȻ·͵͵ǻʳ
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38 

˵ЩǾǰ֪ģ۾ǿƾôȱʳ𣿡
ȱôȱЦǱ߶ȺɽʯضûУûľ֮ӣ˵Ǽʳġ
üЩô˵ϵеʳ裿
ˮͷ
һɣǶϵô𣿡
ǲ٣ÿ콵ҪʳҲ١Ҫǿľ֮ӡ˶٣￪ڵҪ֪ʵľ֮ӣ㹥͵ľ֮ӣ֮Ӵ඼ǵġΨһ񣬾ǲľܴʳ֮⣬֮Ӻˮ֮Ҳᱻɻȥ
ǵһ£ɾ㵵һս
۵սǹϲǿƵġ۳Ǹɴ˵콧ߣ֮ӵͱǿ֮һĴǴŻᱻǿڵĦǿƲĻҲֲ˺ãĲ𡣡
ĬȻǡ˲ٵ֪ǿƼó죬ĸԼ޻͹ȥǿƼ֯¡
˵֯ʼͲˣʵϾ˼ƽաҲģɢɢɹģԸͲˡΪ콵ĴڣʱʱѪƽԸ£Ҳð
˵һǳ̬磬ѹб֮ϡƽգȻʲôеҲͬȨӵС
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ںͰһۣЩѿǼֵǸһֵҹ
ԣ۳ǵû˵ԵĻ
˲ЩۣҲûа취ǲɱġ
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ôѨֵҹ֮ӷϢܿ죬֮Ӿͻ۵ߡ
Ƚᣬϵܲˣ˳˵ֱӶܸӦһ漴üȷ֮ڽӽѨûӦӦǽ֮ӡ
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ʵֱӣ¶ɣ˼ضûܿڡһһĸŮ̲סڵҪͶʼ壡
գʶһϸֳ
磬Ǻ˿ģȻѾߵҲһﵽ׻ԥ
ǿƼȻǺöʡ˭ָұ֤ǣ
ʶСƣ±еӡ󡭡
ȴѾˣѾʮȻǿƲǻ·ΪλҪΪ壿
죡
˲ɳ˿ʮ棬Ѿٵˡ֮ӣҲҪʼסˡ
мȻž˵֪ʼԸԸǡ
һ˿ڵȥ۳ǽг
һɨͷ֮µʵҲûз֣ǿҪЭֻ棬ǲ޶ԣЩ֮ҲҪˣζֻ֡
صϷ룬ֻҪ۾˶ˡ
֪οЦż涼
ǿĮĴ岻ͬСʵϹȻ磬͹ȴǴȲϵġ
һ㣬ɨͷҲӦòֹЩ֮Ӱɣ
ȻֻС壬ǧеģ֮ӱֻռʮ֮һҲмˣδˣҲͶʮӡ
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39 ǧɭ

ζԴиˣʣµ֮ڼУԸ壬е֮ӻȫе
ɨͷüаգ
ԿЦûգҲֻƴһˡǿƼҪɱӺֻȻȴԸ⡣
һȻСǧҲϰɣڿһܺգȻСҲ̲Ҳ֪ӲԹȴԹ޼
ǡ·ѡ
Уʱ۳Ǵ߹ֻҪܵ콧Ǿ͸ոǿǵȨ
̬εһȴǾȼˡ
ȵ˽£ʵ۳㲻ʹ峤𣿡Ҳ̫ɴˣԥġ
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ģȨһеġһ⣬۳ǿڵ˵ǺǿƻǵˣǳԱĻɲ࣬͵ֱˣû
һ죬۳ǽ콧й͵֮ӶйˣΨһǾˡ
һ˵Ȼ˵ִǳֵĻᣬ֮ǰǿЩƤ
۳ǿΪ׵һ֮ӵǵ˵֮ǰǧҪѨǿЩƤ
֣Ӧ¡
۳ֿڳΪʮλ֮ӵ⼸߾裬һҪʱעĶɲǿռȻ
Ϊ֮ӵͷ֣Ӧ¡
Ȼ۳ǿ֮ӵʱǵֹǿƵ֮ӡ
ֿ㸺֧ĸͺڣ𣿡
ʼ幥͵֮Ӳ࣬ڳҲˣһ£ڵҾ
ȻûƱҲӦˣ۳ǲ˿
Ҫѹʵǡߵ֮ڶ棬ǲӣҪͻǿƵķ߻治ס
ǵĿľֻǽ廤͵콧һڵĶֻҪһʱ䣬㹻ˡ
ˣ콧ǺܳģʱǿƵĺƤȫ۹ֻ֮Ҫʱͺˡڲ֪ǰ£ЩƤҲ֡
ʱԾ񲿶ӦǿʱγɵĶ飬ǵʤ㻹Ǻܴġ
ʵ֮ںϱ֮ǿģϾļӳɣӦò
ӣǿǱ߱ڹ߿ƺһ޶ȴѾ׼ˡ
ﴫϢһ̣۳͵
һʱ䣬ǧλ֮ӸϢǱ˺̶С
ǧϸѡģʵһɫȴ콧ʮϣŲϸó֡ǵֻһһ˸һˡ
ͬʱǼҲ˳ȥ
ǿǱ߻ûзֵʱ콧խǶβΪѾϢػеĹ֮ӡ
ʵϣڿʵİƤͻȻԼߣһ˱һɵʱǿƵ֮һʱûзӦ
ɫֽЩˣȻ󣬲֪˭һɤӣ˶عˡ
巴ˮͶԼˣ
һԵ֮ȷӦ뾶׵Ļͻأسڸ߿ۣȻҵ
ͬʱϥأ˫ֽڵ棬ͺһǧɭ֣
һ˲䣬廯޾ܱԴΪģľܻȱڵĺӶֱм鶼С
ȻĵһĻˡ
εض𣬲㻯̸ڵľεأֱ
̼䣬һƬħõľɭռ˵ߡ
˵ǿЩƤ߶Ĵֱסˡ
Ȼǻʱ벿λľʼλΪսŲһͨͨ
۾ҳǧɭеսѡȻЩϳһͷָͬǰͨ
ߵ֮Ȼ£ҲսѣûľȻѷԥذռͷָʾʼͨȥ
һЩƤȽϺãǱͨǸʵ֮ӣŵͨ
ͨߣ۳Ϊ׵֮Ӵƴϣϵ֮һĬ·ߣЩƤսһ
һʼû˷֣Ȼܿ죬˷ǧɭֵĴڲֻ߳䵱ϰá
һιʼɢâȻЩ˵ʵ֮ϵ˿ʼۿɼٶȻָ
һƤոİƤ˸Ȼǵ˿գ۾ʧˣǻЩѪΪոԼΣ
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40 󶯸ɸ

Ҫ˵ǻŵģŵһƤ䶼ˣȻ󣬶ĺƤŶԷһֻµĶ䣡
Ƥ㱻ָŶԷ˵Ļ
㡢㡢㡢㡭
˵ǵ˵İƤҲˣ̧һһµ³Ķ䡣
ʵϣǲʱ䣬ǴսеĺƤͰƤˡ
ȻعƤľԥƤһ˷ˡ
ҲһЩǧɭеĺƤ·ûƳͷ֮ͷʼֱܶɭֽƻ
Ȼܿ죬ЩƤͷ֣ôƻЩ˲Ϣָ֮
ȻµЩĻָҲܣҲܽʱ䶼ϡ
䡭ӾĻָٶȿԷȻࡣ
콧ٿ֮ӵٶȣҲѾ˶͹ȥˡ
Ȼ˵ս˾ͽˡ
ǿǱ߲ģҲѾϻˡ˫Թѹƣһͷųûûˡ
һʱ䣬սûн˿
ʱЩƤӵĺƤҲ֪߷ˣһʱûֵ뷨˫
˱ǵģ۳ǽ˽εˣ˲ϺѣͶһԵɨͷӰǻͻǣ峤жᡣ
ͷİɣһزˣҲôҵŬ׷ѵġ
˴Ϣʱؾ;òԣ˵˽ڵĴׯ˸顣
ȻѾȥ¥ˡ
㱨ȥжϵ֮ȫȥ׷壡
֮ʵҲеȼӵ͵߷ֱһǡǡǣֵñȽϴԣֻһ֮ӵʵߵֻ͡ʶر⣬ǿȴϰ֮ӷֳŵȡ
㱨˴ҴȥЩԳ
Ҫ֪ϵ֮ӣԼҲǰڵġ
ȥҧǳˣǿƾĳΪЦˣҲСˣû뵽ǾȻóȥ
תͷ﷢ݵҲȥ׷壬ҲúݺݴɱһأЩǶ̫ˣҲ֪֪ǵ
ﲻÿɷ
ͬһʱ䣬͵ǣԽӼ˵ȥͳƬ̾ͿڵϹǰߣ֮Ӷ㳡ϡ
ȥҵļλϵҴԴȥһ콧Ƕൣһ¡
ԣλϷ׷һ
λǰȴĴ̲סʲôǽһ壬õλ峤Գ𣿡
ǰҲѾ𣿡Ͻŵ
λ׹ˣɵ𣬲ɷ׷ҡҡͷ
һƬصԣƱػǰߡҲȥĻûѹˡ
ԣϺЩŽɣȴһ㻳ɶûС
峤ȥɣǻغǡĶ
峤Ĵ󶯸ɸ˭Ҳû뵽ģ֮콧ߴݱغͷʹŶֵʱ˵ı鶼հˡ
ѾˣҪ۳׼ҩֲ䣬ˡ
ˣ״̬Ҳ̫ãʪͷһһϡ
ʵԾԣĲܣǾϾҪѿƬǧɭֵȫ֣һѷ
ŴͣսҲһԵҩֲ
ﵽʱ򣬿ľԼҹ·ûԷģʱۻˡ
غͷͿԷʱɫüѿ
֪˹˶ͷװһʱ䣬콵Ķ콧ǰ˼¡
شƽĿɨǰƬܴûɭ֣ƤЦⲻЦҵǲ֪ʲôʱôһǿľ֮ӣ
ŷ͵֪ҵģԿͷĻûǰƬɭջȥ
ʵϣһ˽ϱˣȻԾȻ˵⻰ȴĺģǰá
˵ҪЩƤսһûԶĵжԣӳԶǣһ֮Ӳǻ¡
Ҫ֪ǼвΪɼ֮ӣҪܶƺá
ԣ͵Ŀ䵽ϣСѾǿ֮ĩԿڵ˻ɡ
˿֡һ˲䣬ǧɭʧ٣֮Ӷ˻Լ峤
Ȼͽг֣صɫȴǱˡ
-

41 

˵û֣ƽʱֻ࣬ҪһھǾôÿôɰôϲû
ҲˣڷͿ֣صһӦǿ
Ȼ۵ԼӸıͳպĿ䵽
زһû
㡭ָˣΪϹϵ˵һ־˻ȥ
УöǿЦ
ٳٶҲеĲˣһһ޹峤ôˣ
תͷŷ͵˽ҲϣԲ˵ˣһɡ
̫˽ˣͣ±˭ǿӲ
ͶĻ⣬۾̲˭˵أҲֻ˶һˡ
²ǵһ̷͵룬ػùǺһһһ·ɹ
ǹģ֮ǧɭҲ䡭
ӦһЩеܣþ˵¶ȡ
ͶԴȴ⣬˫ִţտʼϸ꣬Ȼ𾪵ǣЩξɫģ
̣ǹ̡
ǿ?صе¯¶ȼ侪ˣƣ콧±ڶᱻճʯˮ۳ھ߽˵峤ϸ꣬ЩζǴž綾ġ
˶٣峤ʷһӸ֮תɹ֮ӵˡϸԭϸ꣬һִģ
ɴ۾֮ôתɹ֮ӣ
ðںûиӦ֮ʯ۳Ǳصɹǿ࣬ȻΪֹɹĶֻ峤Ե˶ˡ
ĬȻʵЩ棬ôΣյ飬ʲô´ʹ峤ģ
Ҫ֪֮ǰɴûгɹ
峤ʱ򣬱ȻѾעһѡˡ
¯ճʱ⼸սϵ˲ͺ£һʱ䣬Ϊı֮ӿʼͷܡ
ϸһˮɫĶգ۱㿪ʼڿƮɢߵķ֮Ӻ峤ϹߵģЪر洵ȥһɿ硣
սһغͷͼͬʱԷȥ
絶
껯
һɺɫγɵľг˸߿У͵سŷ
ͻأطɳһӨɫľգ۱㶥ȥס˾еȥơ
ڴͬʱ˫֮ҲˣƤǱǽ赲⣬ƤǱ͵ȡĲٿ·ĺ̶ˮǹԼ޶Ե˽й
Ǵֵģȴ۳סˣϢһ£ڻ
û˵Ҫ֣ΪʵʵȲǿƣûоǿǺܴġ
һҲǣ˻˶ѨС
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㻹𣿡ȭʵ
ʱֵݹһ⡣
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ǾƣˣԼǧɭֱάҲȫû⡣
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һ룬ͻȻ뵽ʼսѰӰ
ȻȿһƤֻ֣һѪ
СӣȻҹȻˮ
ǿ?һǷǳԵľ档
Щε̾һ֮ŭ
䣬ǧϰٵ׵Ƿɳ̼ոʮƤ
һóȫߺܿ·硣
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æһȥŰںͰкһȻ˳ȥ
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˫ֺʮ̾
ء
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ϵѪɫһһˡ
Ȼ󣬸ľһĻ˵ǰ
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42 

һ紵ϵҶ׷Ʈ£ȻɢɫĹâһ֦ͷµĹ
ÿһһͷһƤ
ЩϡȥŪϵĹȻûʵģָô͸ˡ
Īأ͸оϴյ˿Ȭˡ
£˵ǣǶĺƤҲЩôˡ
ɫһҲһ¯Ͷȥˡ¯֮ǰ˵һ棬Ȼûչ⣬ҲյС֦⣬֦ϵĹҲʧˡ
Ȼһգ۵Ĺ֦͹ͻָˡ
۳ǽ͵ǧɭֲһγɺҪά֣ԾҲ󣬶ǰߡʩչʱĵֲܼһγɣͲҵܣܹܽв临ԭҪǣȻûʶͨ
ңֻҪڣƴ˶
ûб콧ʺʩչĵطˣŨܣ̶һ⡣
˵꣬۳ǵ۾Ѿˡ
ֱף
¶ǳЦ¶ԼӵеȴЩΡ˵ʵȫ˵ܣ˵жϲ
ΨһֵҵǣԼðںͰָ˽
һ룬Ҳˡ
֮ӵĶǷǳõģοرžߣĻʱ
ôǲرȴʱֺǺһ䡣
زԭرը
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첻ԥ
ЦŲţҶԷ˵Ծ˼ͻѾһӣ
˼һ¡
ֻװɵݺݵвϣֻҪ˵ˣͼ㲻ţҲ
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֪ЦΪҲ֪㲻ǸոտܹһڵܶɢֻҪǶԾ㹻ˡ
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׹֮£·һ˫εĴֳ֣ʲô˺콧Ũͬˮһȥ
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һʼĻ֮󣬴ҾͿʼɱ
ͬԤϵģʧȥе֧Ԯֻܼȡ̶еȻڲڳİƤٶȴࡣ
ضԣ͹ˡ
䣬òܣȴȫû⣬ÿһ׵綼ܴһƤ
ˮ߻ᱻɱƬײ
˫Ծֻ֣ͣ˫ԷĿѾ֮ǰƽͣ˻ҩζ
Цʼ֮˲أ¸ȵʳֻܼˡ
زʾ°ͣͬ룡
˵˵ȴǶ¸ͣû취˲ʳҲӰʵʳĸ谡
ΪкܶԱҲ÷Ҳãû뿪
ΪԹߣֹϵʵǡһѾ
˳ȥҾȴۼֿסˡ
Ȱǲ𷼺͵ľ裬ñȥӽ
￴ı飬ȷԼò㬵ջ˽Ų
ΪоԱȽϺôܿ죬ͱȥˡ
˶ˣͿʵ
۳ǵ8456ˡû˵Աκˡ
µһǿڳˣ⻰ȴûʲôԾ
Ҫ֪ǧ˿ɶ֮Ӱ
ȴϸЩЦݵֿɱ֮һࡣ
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ҲҡͷҪ¡
ͳƬ̺вپɼλȱˣǸصߡ׼£Ҳϣܻȥæһ
ȴ磬ûԥʹӦˣһȥһٹ
-

43 Ѫ

˸˿ڣ̧ͷŶİƤһһǽһۺ졣
䣬ǿƵ֮Ӵǹ͵ģ͵Ĳ࣬͵ľ͸ˡ
˵ûаǸԼˣ͵͵ʵ
ɶһ£صʲôأ
ط͵Ҫʵˡ
ʲô˼صԲ۾㻹ҪͶУ
ǲǲ𣿡̾ҼͶУ˼ҲŰ
زܲµʲôģӲѹŭ㲻þһֱǼ򵥰ջͺˡұ֤Բ񷼺ɣʲô㻹˵һһұ֤Ѿ׹Ůһۡ
׹Ůʮֹ˰ɣ￴ĵ˵ģʲôҺκﶼоüֵԽüֵˣԽҪԼ
ҪѾջǴԺĺӣ
ҿɲٵ
ҪǣҪþĸԸȥǿƣҪͷԸԼԭˣǲܵ¡
صĲֻС⡣
а̾˿ϧԼԭļƻûгɹû¶֮ӵݣܰˡ
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Ҫƣִ򲻹ǵð
һŷ͸ϽߣԼȥҾˣǾҲˣ
ֱ޿
֪ĵǣ֮ǰҲûԷֻǸϣûõѡ
ϴεķֱѾԤδİ·
ͬԶҲܳΪѡ
ʱҴңգ۾ȥ
Ӵе¸΢ʹЩΡ
ʹ𣿡ʵ
ҡͷõòˣأ
Ҳһ˶٣̲סʵҺͰ㲻֮ӣҪ۳֮ѪҲҪһ꣬㡭ʵʮͻ۳һδ֮Ѫ˭̥ĸϵṩ𣿡
ҾˮᡢͰֵܶԱ߳⡣
۳ǺͰҲǲѡ񡣡ڽŵÿǵʱɼ䣬ĺ츳ʱҪԿͷġ
˵ǵĳһ⣬˵Ϊ֮ӵĳ岻ֻͨսʿϣǶսʿʵϣҪĽϵġĽս֮ʯ٣ǰóϣԲǡ
˵Ľ㻹һ𳤴£ͨжԷĻĺϵ
֮Ҳһˡ
һֱڣЩ㲻ỹô֮ѪǻŮ֮ӵĴ֮Ѫɣ
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ǰ˵ʼֵ֮ͬܽϵرáôˣֵܽö֮ӵģǲٵġ
ƫƫһ֮ǲͨ˺ϳ̥ġȻ֮Ӻ֮ӽϵ̥ĺӲиߵļʳΪ֮ӡͨսʿ֮ϣĺʮа˾ҲͨսʿȫûܳΪ֮ӣʷǳ͡
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ˣ֮ԼĴ֮Ѫֻͨսʿֵܽû֮ӵĴ֮Ѫ
ֽڻףڼзǳ
֮ǰ˵𣬱˵濼ǹ
ѪǡŮԵһ;ͻӵĸԣҲԺҪһ衣
Ȼ뷨ûʵֵġ
ϾΪ֮ӵݣӵеĲǼӣʮʮȥٻٸϵĺӡܷࡣ
ĸܶԼһͬʣҪԼǧһͬʣǼǲܵġ
˵ĸ;޵ģһĸֳôݣÿһж٣
ҲöԲЩΪϵṩ߲֮ӣ츳ѷһĺӡ
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κ˵ĳǶһ޶ģǻĸϵ߸ϵľǽȻͬ
Ȼ£ںͰȴǸͲͬ⡣ЩѾ̫ˣҪΪԼˡ
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ǿǱ߲ҲŮ֮˲ȥǵĴ֮Ѫ
Ȼ٣ûСֻ²ѶЩ󣬴ѡ
ڽӵǿƵѪû
-

44 

Ȼ˾ȴûи߰ںͰ㡣
Ϊֻǲǰǡ
ȻҪĻӦǶ¸Ĵ֮ʯⶫǶλñȽ΢ӹȻѾȥüˣڶûȫӦ̲סҪȥһ
ƫƫΪλùϵ˽ǵ˵͸ż
ҪסʶΪԾ˵Щѵġ
ǰںͰ㣬ƺһҲûʶʲôԣûȥþβѡ
ڻ֮ǰΪǶ֮ʯҪڵһٰѴ֮ʯȥģŸ
ʵҲ⣬û뵽֮ʯǶôףֻҪѪҺݴ֮ʯܹγɴųԶ뵽¸˿ڣҴ֮ʯѪɫˮһ͸
֮ʯǶĵطǻһյʹо˵ʮ¾ͻˡ
λΪǶ֮ʯȵ׻ָˣҪ콧ˡ
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콧֮ǰ۳ǵ˾ͿЦһ˵¡
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ֻǣЩںڶӶǼȥǰߣȴ˺º⡣
ʱϾѡˣëԼˡ
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Ѱ˵츳һ㣬ʵҲһ㣬ϸȴһ֡һ滨ŮͣȻ滨ãʵľģǰ߼꣬ÿ콫С¥ɨһȾиѰɣʵȲ滨ڿ죬ȴǸĵˡ
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ڼУаµʵͦģԭ֮û֣Ϊ¶ǷֿסģƽʱҲһӰ롣
ΪҶǰƴƴԲŸѰҰ¡²ãݵĽοҲǺõġ
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ԣںͰȴͬʱ۾һ
̫ˣ㿪ĵǵȴ֮ʯٽ
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45 

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⼸꣬ؼֱǰŸһ쵽˵Ծôô⣬ôô֡
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濥ץץԴҺΪˣպǰߴϢ˵ˣҾȥŪЩ͸пյĻǽһȥ

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Ҳʱ֪ĸԺԼͬԵĶŮиӦģһӦˣȷ׼֮ӵݣͲôڵ¹㳡Ըڸĸ߳󡣾򣬵浥ΪҲĴڣǾЩûо
ΪǽµѪҲǷǳġĸȴĸһľ
֪µʱ򣬾ãںͰȴЩܲܣòµġ
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46 

Ű죬Ϳʼˡ
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㿴ӣÿһϲ

ֱܸ
Ȼﲻ֪ǣ濥ҲЩڣû뵽ﻹһ桭
ͦƯģô֣ôµĶԵø֣Ǿֻаƴ󣬴϶Ư
Ⲽɫȷʵܺÿô޵ɫʺƤڵ˴ҪӣǾƤף϶ÿ
ȷϲǰһһƬˡǾͦϲݣûҪǰһһᡣ
Ǻãͷộ˷ˣǾͷֳֺڣҪһƯӡ

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ԣһۣɫٿ
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ѹǿ϶ѹģǴ̵ʱĳΪСűŰģôܲѹ
սǵطû̫ʱѹܿΪȥ˶ˡȺǱ˳𣬾͸뵽ˡ
ȻֻҪըһۡ
ǸɵӣҲԼԾѰˡ
ûĻԼ峤˵ɫͷһѵ˼Сˡ
ȻˣһƤôһƤյ֣
˾ͲǸܱסģϣ̲ס濥ˡ
峤İѾջ濥Сĵʵ
ֲɵջţ𣿡˺ߵȻǹյһˡ
濥ԴԺս϶ô찡
ȻǸˣǸ֮ӣҲ
濥ƺ̫ãҲɡ
ҲǸˣ˰ԿҪһ̥ӣ˵ʸ۲һǻչԼĺӵġһ̥ߣ϶Ҫӣʱİ£ָʹӦˡ
˵꣬־òԣüУǿǲĸͺӼġҪǰ̥Ҳǰװױ峤֪Ͱˣ֪˹Ƶú㡣
һҲ뵽ˣȴвͬ뷨
˭˵̥һҪˣԼ
²ףܱ峤֣ҸȫĵطûҪչ˺ӵˡ
Щ⣬ûϵų꣬ӳ顣
ǿǱûмǰ·յϢɱü
ͷ˵ǿƾǹһϢȥ˿ȥûм顣
üǰҲ𣿡
ҡͷ֪ˡ˵Ϊ׳ǵļɽ̮ҪӽάԲûк顣
ƺǡ
Ϣȥ峤ɣǿ?ظ¡ţû˱Լ峤˽ͷˡ
һҲǣһ֮ӣȥϢ
ΪżĲףѡʱ򣬴Ҷô񴫵Ϣ
-

47 ޳ܣ

鶪ͣȴǴ
ҪǿǱǼᴫ֮ѪҪһ룬ǿǱ߷ɢж
˽Ϊᴫ֮Ѫ¿Կˡ
Ȼмƻ˰죬뵽һ¡ںͰ㲻֮ӣһδ֮ѪٶҪһꡣ
һ˷ѵõĻᡣ
ֶ
֮У֮ǰһֱɻһںеġ
ۿ֪׼ȷ˵ǳһϵģ֮ƶҲΪǺǻƶġ
˵̶ܹ֮ģȴûôɺܼ򵥣Ϊ˭Ҳ̶֪֮᲻콵١
ںƮܿ콵ĿܱȽϵ͡
ʵҲȷʵˣʷûй겻ټʱ򣬵ȴʼմڡ
ϵ콵ǲǺ٣ʵ
ֻ콵Ƚ١͵콵ǲٵġÿʮ뺣һΣÿζջ񲻷ơ
ͷͷ֦ɴ׳˺ϱһס
˵ȴоһƬԲεŸָ滨ݣ֦֣ĿһɨͿ˺ü״ҶӣĻĹҲǸɫ
Ȼ˵ˣΪˣֲﳤϡ
˾˺׾˺Ƥ֪˶ڣЩƤǵķӦǵһʱˣ±ȺŹ
鵹˴Ǳסˡ
ʱ򲻺㣬ٵһȡ
⻰ЩףȴһӲµ˼
ȻҪ˲ˡ
θž˲֮ӣһЩĶսʿа룬ҲںͰ㡣
Ͼֻƻ֮ӣսʿʵҪʺϵġ
̧ץסһʮףȻ͵֦⻹кóһξ롣
ֱףеһ֦ǰȻ˵֦⣬ȴֱʮ׵֦⡣
һԽվȥкѵҸһ֦̽һ¡
ǲϸ𣿡һС￪ʵ
֮ʣΪϵĶԽԽãһĹҶһʱϳ壬Сʧ
ҡͷЦ絽һҪ
һ㵵ؿüѵǻܸǿƵ˾ˮˮ
ǡܵġ
ӣʹģͷһء
ô˵ء
е޳ܣ
֪뷨֪ҲǲΪ⡣ûзɣûκε¹ﻹҪһף
еزɼҩֲʱ濥ѾϰΣõĺöҲѾˡ
¿˼ԶסˣûָоС
·ĵ״׼ԼԲΣָҲˮƽ
濥ȴǸ˵Щһ̫ˣö඼òˡ
ΪĹϵǼ֮ɼҩֱֲܸ㡣
˶̫࣬ȴò˵ľȾ
һۣһõˡͬ濥ڶֿտգ͵Ųĺöء
ˣЩĹ޶ˡ͸
Ǹ˴ˣĶյĺö
Ļ濥ҪһֶˣȻ֮һһ᲻ð
һȫµĿ⿴ǰôûôٰ
濥һҭڰǲǡЩҪİ
ЩؿǸֱ׵İûǴĻҩֲ˵Ҳмˡ
ȷҪҸô̰ĵģѵ
濥²׹˼ʱˣ㶮ɶֻŲɼһˣҪĶ
ߺߵҪǾҪѵ
ҵȻǡһ
˵һ룬ʶ⻰ˡﲻһƾʲôҪԴ
һ˵ƾϲ
ʲô濥֪뷨ʵ
һ򱶣ʵϣӡ󲢲̫ͼǵǸЩЩԲŮˡ
Ůǲ
С򣺡
濥ˣ֪ʲôУ֪Լ򲻹Է뽫һȻ˸
-

48 

ŵһ죬ͼʶһҩֲжô͸׼һ
ǣҲˣȻҩֲܶ࣬һЩյҩֲ簲˽ⶾһģȴǷǳټ
ȻȻټֵһҩֲһǾƷ
ھεӣǸ֮ӲսԶԱҵϡҩֲϽܡ
ҵǣˣǼС˶ԴҲûദһƬ
峤СŴǰǲ⣬Ļˡ
˵ˣ˵ŸհǨ壬ʲһƬǳءͷһ꣬ǽܵõı귭˸˵Щǵʳˡ
֪ǻΪʼںǿƵս˰ǧ֮ӣսս±Ǩŭȴݣһٱмˡ
Ѳɼ֦·ҩֲƫƫֵطΪ䲻⣬ҩֲԺܶԼյ˿Ч
ЩҪͷûյİƤԣЩҩֲν
ʱ򣬾Ҫսʿϳˡ
֮ӵȻȶսʿҵרǵǾԲߵġ
֮ӵʱ־ͺܲˣ֮֮޽ˡ
һµĶһȭͷСĹժ֣۾һζӦòġ
ǵģûп
ϵҩֲһܹͨȥļ¼бʶȻҩֲȴֻζмˡ
Ͼ߲ϡ٣ɵ߰꣬ϰҲУ֪ȻͲˡ
ľ֮ⷽ涼ȻֱᣬӹڵݹĹӣŵӦǶ˿Чҩֲ
ڶ죬ǵջѾװо޳Ƭ̺˼֮ӵһˣȽЩҩֲͻǣȻٶϼյķо޳
ڵ֮ǰǿǱͻȻΪڲӷҩֲᣬûж룬Ȼڡߵǿ?زϳԿĹУʮа˾ڱʲô
֮ûġ
˵꣬뵽һ£ʵˣǼкľ޳𣿡
ʵ֮ҡҡͷû˵ȥ峤
Ǹģȴǲµ˾ѯˮ޳⡣
Ƚҩֲ˳ͻȥȥ峤¡
ԭµǿ?صĴ㣬ͷ۸ôķ۾һЦȲҪųһϣҡ
һߣæȥ˸ڵĳϰ칫ңЩҼǵ˲ٺľ޶Բԣ
һ㶣漴λ峤ȻʱǺˣǱ˭óȥġ
ķġͰֵǽıһã˾ԭ黹
ûɣȰѻ˵
Ҳؿ˹
ͣҪʲôһʵ
ɫǵ֮ǰ˵Ĳ²𣿡
ǵã֮ǰ˵ǻ쵰ʮа˾Ŵ벶ȸں󣬽õջ񶼰Բˡϻش
ڷ͵Ĳ²⣬һ㻳ɶûеġ
˭˽ǿ?ˣǱǷˡ
Ȼµڴʲô⣬˼죬ȴǾûʲôЧֶΡ
ϾǿƵʵǿʣҪǿȡᣬöԷึһЩۣҪıǲܵġ
䣬ǿǱ߿϶׼ˣʱֿܹ϶Է
Ҳ֪⼸Ǳȱȱǿ?شǿסˡȻ˶ҪӰҲԸġҪҩֲ֣ȡʴӦָʳ
Ȼоһ֮ӣϲʲôֻҪ־ܹƺҩֲǶԲǱƷҪ֪Ҳܻʮꡣʮֻܿҩֲҩֲⶫ޺ܳڲɼˣŵУҪõʱˡ
ƣĴˣҲֻҧӦϾҲЩ׽ˣûΪһʱ֮˿սġ
֪һҲԿǻᱻ¸ӣȻڱûʤģȴ⡣
˭ܹӣ˲У
϶Ȱһʱ֮ЩҲǲʲǿ
뿴صӡ
ᣬֵЦ֪ôϼһˡ
-

49 Ųλ

λһ㶣ϵ۾ò˵Ҫĺްɣ
û緢ˮ·˸գ
ˮ·
ĳҲǴһ˵Ҳڴʲôˡ
Ҫˮ¡ĳ¶Ȼ
͵ͷЦеҼǵûĻľвܹںǱеİɣʱ֮ӽˣȻˮ֮л֪ͣؽҩֲͻ
ⷨӡУ
磬û˻ѱ޵ģ½ͷľ޸ʢУҲӷ㡣Ͼ޴ˮǱУˮ֮ӣ˶ò־޳˻ĻҪ֮÷ˮ
һж̫鷳ˡ
Це⻹ҪллأƵóߣûн֮ӣ»治ð졣
˵׻Ͷģȴû˵ˡ
ʼ壬Ǻܽġ
Ҫ¼塣峤ϵͬΪˮ֮ӣǱǷ־Ͳˡ
Ҳ⡣˵ˮ֮ӣʵǾҪ¼ġպ֮ǰ;ܰ˴ǰߵˡһ£֮Ӻˮ֮Ӷ
ǣȵڶ촨ʱ򣬾ͱ֪ϻһͬС֮⣬λǧ֮Լˮ֮Ӹ档
ˣ峤ת󻹻мԮĸϡ
ɻ󣬵ȴʳ
һ˽뺣򣬼óһƣ²⡣
ǾҲû뵽ȴû뵽峤һϲ
Ⱥޣþÿ˿ڡ
⡭־𾪣ʵЩʵ̫ˡ
νľޱܵ콵Ӱ쵼µı죬Ҫ֪һЩͱԶ½ضһ죬;͸ˡ
䣬ƺرƫôͶĶһЩ޳衢Ĩ㾨֮ͺ
Щ޸ںϣԶԶȥΪһƬȺ
һݵ꺺ӣֻҲ֪ǲǲ̫ԵʣѾʼˡᣬ۾ЦǺǵЩСһҵıɱۻˡ
Сһ
̲ס˳ǡ
ǡʮװˣ׼Щ޳һ¡
Ȼˣس˳ЩҲһֵĳᣬô㶫Ҳֵһˣ
˵۵Ҳ㣬ٵҲ㡣
Ȼ϶ˣ㲻ٿֱӶÿһֻʮ֮һҵĳᡣ
ΪˣϴĺޣĶǧ֣ʮ֮һĳؾϰٶ֡
һ£ǾжҲñһ򾡡
Ȼ󣬵鶼źˣ˽½סСʵǿ?ǰ𣿡
֣һ㶣ס۵׵ĸӡ
⼸콧ﲻֹһ͵͵һʼ䱸Ȼܿ죬ͷ˶ĶҲûУʱʱظ͸ϡĶƶƲ
Ǹоͷ·Լĳ
ջ˼ߵʱ콧û뿪Ͳ֪ˡ˶٣ôͻȻ
ҵҲߡɫص˵ЩƤǵĴ㣬һܹǱ׵¸ı䲻ʲôǿ?ڣͲ˵ˡ֮һˮ֮ӵĿǣЩСһˮǧ׻֮ͨû취ǿ?˵ˡ
һӾ˼ʵжǿ֪ģ֮ŭжǶʶ˵þֱ׵繥ں׻ĺޡ
ȻǾͳﻹûг֣Ⱦܽҩֲͻȥϵġ
һΣҲֻˡ
ʲôʲô˲Ÿ˵ǰ㱨˵ڶ㿴ǿ?
Ƭ̣ſڵԸȥĳԱܿǿʲôϡҩֲҪǰᣬܱסҪġ
Ҳû취ǣʼ壬ܸ￹֮Ҳһ
Ȼһ֮ӡ
ҲûֻǷԸǶһЩ﷢ʲôߡ
ûз
Ȼǡ
⼸һֱ˼·ȻǱߵĲѰ
Ȼȴûнһ̽˼
֪δӵǾ֮͸зˮ˼ˡ
ԭҪԺͬȵģ֪ԼԾʲô˼֮صҪԾŲһλ
-

50 ö֮

Ϊǿ?ĴڣһҲиƴؽҩֲȻúȥ
֮˶һͷٶ׬ģ
ںͰΪսʿæúܣҪһһͳ
ϣҪæŰЩڡ˵ƣǺȻЩ޶軵ˣûУƢȴǸ
ҹʱ򣬾һᣬ֮һϢ
ʲôˣһȿڡ
˲ķԸķ֮һֱ⸽ϵڸոգ˸֪߿д޳ӽ
ǵ½ѾȥˣżԮĵߵҩֲһһ죬ݲݹƣѾнٶˡ
ĿѾջ
ˣԲôţսϻѷǿƣֲಢģ˾֮
һ콧֮ս˰ǧ֮ӣȻǿҲǧ
֪ͨȥ˽׶ΣԸ
һ£֮ⷽӶһҲǳˣǷƲһ㽫Ŀҩֲɼ
Ϊ᲻ֱܹ֮ͳͬȴСĳᣬҩֲװȥ
һͷ󺹣ȻĲ٣˻֣ͼÿԶһɹɵİ˸רְǼ״̬
ܲϵ˿ڣԻ⾫ϵƣǲܡ
˰߶ȻӿĽ࣬ǿƶĵ
üһתͲµǰ
Ϊʲôûиǻ¡
ҲҺû˵Լɻˮ
ΪһʧβԼˣѺüʵԼĳϸˡ
֪ԼƹǸȻȴаնԷԲֵ׼
ϾԼǰͷټȻͿʼĵ
ǷԴҲϰҩֲٹ
ȻϵǣȷʵԴˣȴû⣬ǡȥǿƵˣ
ӵϢؼֱˡ
Ա߼ϱҪ¡
ͬʼϵ϶ּᣬǿ֮ǰΪڲϵĳ˵ˣλļλʵǲ¾ȴǲ˲١
ŭ֮سƬ̺ԭƻ¡÷Ҫ˱ؾԮ˾ܼӽߵľ
ߣŲϵء
Ȼʲôطԣ˰ûرҲˡ
ǿƵĶǾԤϵ飬һֱε顣
ݣʵԱǿһֹȻǿƻ⣬ͷ˲Եĵط
ʵĶоûо޳
ѵİҩֲ˻ȥˣ
ǲܰǵ˿ǽΧܲ͸磬Ӹ˻û⣬Ҫʹž޳뿪ȴǸܡ
²⣬ȴһǱеˡ
ܣʸûǽҩֲͻȥ
ΨһĿǶԷҩֲˡ
صüͷһ壬˵ʵǺܲѾͷġ˴춼״ֱ̫˵ˡ
ƫƫҶ֣һΪ֮Ӿͺ۸ˣҪǲܲԱǴҶҪꡣǾʵĸ֮ӣԱĻ˵ܰǰ߶ȥҲΪʲôʵôǿȴûаŪԭ򡣶ʺǿƵĹϵʱʱԺϵõʱ˵ʱ
Ҳ֪㣬Це峤ҲҩֲȤǴѾԲͲˡ
ĿɵɨʵĶ飬Щؿ̽Ǿֶˣ
滳ǱǲǳдΧ֮ӣȻֿܡ
Цۿɲ峤̰ģ˸õõľˡ
λεķǱ˵Ķɣ
Լϻƶ̿ҧĶȻߵ̸̰֮ģ
߰ζɨأ΢
ˣģʵǹȻһһһꡣ
˫һ̣ˣʩʩȻ峤æǸŻؼңͲʱˡ
ԥ˼׻ǽ˷ˡ
ĥЩƤʮа˾Űҩֲˣ϶ڸŪء
ôö֮ش˾ôصƤ뿪ˡ
-

51 

ʵһߣؾ
ϽҸϽңڵߣҲһҪʲصҩֲҳ
ʲô׾ͷɵҩֲʮа˾ʲôС
ҪôǲصرʵĲᱻҵҪô֮ǰǻ֮ƣʵǴʱõԮ
Ķܿ濥⡣
ô£ô峤濥Ƶ
üû˵
濥಻סУҪȥ
˵꣬һԾŲ֮ʧӰ
Ҳ⣬յؿϡǴȥһҸѲɵҩֲģȻȻµصƣܿˡ
Ժֲûˡ
濥ȥÿҲ죬ԼˣҲˡ
ˣСӣǲֳˣ
鶼仯ģƵ˵ע㣬ʲôֳ⣿ʲôʱˣ
ǰ峤ɲԩ濥ŵ
ز㱻ָңʰҩֲˣ
üҪ֪Ļǳ⡣
һԵ濥һĪĳҪ¶ңǵöҰ
濥һɲתͷص峤ɱ˵ˡ
ֹ
ǱȻǲŵġʵҪĵĻʲôܲ̽顣
Ҳܴ˵ף֮Ĺϵβɴݵġ
ĮڼѾǼˡٶġȴǲҪһΪġ
ڵҲûҵʲҩֲɽĿ䵽˺С
˵ʲôطܹضģֻˡ
ֻǣѰجһǰһ󴫹ˡ
˵ʲôĿѡ
˵ͷСⱻϴһգ⡭غǱ˿ʽĳӺ˳
üѵ˵ߵˮ£ôܡ
͵صɴ۾ǲǺޣ
˵ͷӲͷƤȷǿк޴Ӻ渡
ؾþòڣ̧ͷɿƳһۣС峤Ҫ׷𣿡
ˡҧԸȥ˼ϣǻȥ
濥ҲŻȥˣ
𡭡
׳ǳȺɽȴûкǿƶ̵ѵоˮһ
ˣǻˮġ
ֻȴھͨϾǳˮġ
ƫƫ֮Ӷˮ֮ӡ
ˣºʱνǷǳСġ
Ȼܿ죬ͷ֣ԼǵˮҪǱ뺣סҪﵽԼϣȣǲܵġ
ȴûзǿʼһһϰ
ʵ׷ͬһ㣬ϰ˰£òˣٴˮ
ǳ㺣ǷǳƯģԽ£ˮɫԽһֱû뿪ڵĺźһֱ̽
Ȼں渡ģǺµȴСҲ֪ΰǺͲˡ
һ̽۾ԽԽ
ڣ򲻸ˣһ죬´һһ
ǹһĨЦݡ
ԼĲ²Ȼȷġ
ȷԼĲ²⣬æȡһöơ
˵û˻ƣȴ⣬һֱһööСͰԵģֻöѾױѿˣ˴Ǯ޸ںϳһ顣
һֱߣΪҲһ
ҲҺˣһʱòһƣȻܻȥãһһأ˭Ҳ֪᲻λ
ǧѷĺûᣬɲԸ
ȡһذףһ´ֲڵһ¡ʱҪڣֻһͲôĿʹˡ
ţһ̣ȴǺԥؽذ״ȥʱѪҺ˿ӿϱš
գ۵ĹԭӨ׵ƾͱѪɫ
ˮʼζһʹƺںһ̶߽壬һͷųûжľ
ǼˣҲⲻһս
ﲻԸȫֻ޴ĺΪʹ岻ںֱƣͣЪ
޵̶ͣ±Ȳ࣬Ҳ൱ʮĺӡ
˯úúõľû·йһ󺣹Ҳر˳޴ͷ­̽棬ȴǸͲһ۵ġ
¶ԷƣƿڶԷ
ӣƽһξ顣
-

52 

󺣹Ƣ˲ٷֺγҩʱһЩʱǶ¿ˮǹˮǱһ
Ƕˣʼûжơ
㣬󺣹ƺҲʶǰʵȻ׽ŪôЩִˡ
ʹ󺣹ͽ⣬ȴһºˡ
˵ҲǺЦ󺣹ر䲻ȴر̰ԡ
˵̰ƺЩԩ˼ˣϾôһ󺣹ûѹͲˣҪºЩϺ֮ʳ߻УǰߵĻ˼ҪҪβͣ󺣹ꡭٶȱͲ죬ۣ͸Ǳ׷ЩϺˡ
ǣ󺣹Щʵһֱڳء
ŪһϺԵǽһ죬һСİβͶ˦ˣúˮһӿ
˴󺣹㣬ǳͶõĵÿ춼ºһ˵ܻǺʺϸµġһֹ󺣹˻ףҲһʦ
㶨˴󺣹꣬ͽĿ䵽ϡ
ϣбʺϵĵطˡ
ֻһڿյĻһǵ˶û⡣
ȻǴû׳ǵ˶Ǩģֻ뽫Լ;ĺӰ⡣
ˣԼֻҪڼ沼һͿˡ
Ȼﲻǽߣ£治óġģҲǿˡ
˼뵽˽ڿ֦Ϸˣȶںˣٰһţų͵֦ϣֱһŲȿˤ
֮⣬ﻹ֦ŪһȦľˣˣ¶̨ˡ
棬ﻹԼ˼׵ľΡڱӴ֮ƷԺȥɹ
ҪģܹӵˡҲãҲãǲܳġ
ߵæµǲ֪ģصǣӭǵһƬȸԾ
ǵ㼤ʺǿѾãڼʤȻȫȻʤȴҲѾûˡ
䣬ʤߵ⡣
ҪǣҶǿ벻ͷҲˡ
⻰ҲûرٰӲ䣬ҲֻܹԹġ
ҲǸóȥģȻһҲֱԴˡ
ҲԳ˵˺üʢֱȻгΪ峤Ȼʹʮ֮ӣôˡ
Ϣʱ·׷׻ȻǸ߲֮ܿƽˡ
Ȼ֪ظ֪Ϊ䣬ǾƵնɱǵģȵҲѵġ
Щ¸ûйϵˣҪ콧ˡȻڣǿǱ߳۶ӵĿܲ󣬵˭Ҳܱ֤һ
ǿƺʲһڶǱһҲϡ棬˭֪Ǳ߻᲻˶˼ͼλ
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ŵ콧۳ǾʹҴһ¡
̶⣿һ̶ܳʲô⣿
۳üں̶¡
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粻ΪʬĴҲһ𻯡һԣˮ˳ʬԼû˻ȥ̵ġ
º̶ʬ壬һ̶󶼻˺̶֡
㻯֣Ҳûô͸õֻʣ׹ǵĵġ
ֻһܡ̶³ʳҩֲ
ʳҩֲʲôϾܶҩֲԣʬҲҩֲ֮һֻеֱ̳ԣеǵʬ彵֣֮ͨ¾¡
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۳ǵͷʵϣ֮ǰһƤ˳ͻʱҽ˺̶һֱûи
㲢û֣ܿ³еĹؼ
۳ǵͷģѰǲ֡ǻҲû룬ֻΪǸƤԭˡȷ˰׹ǣȥ˶ѯʣǸƤõͬ˵ҶǻȻˣҲֻƤˡ
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ˣƵʮ۳ǶԴ׼⣬ֻǽġ
ǿɲСˡ
ȥҼƤһ£һȥ̶̽һ̽
Ҳ۳ǵ˼֮ǰ֮ûȥڵȾ
ڣİȫϡ
ǿǱȻҲѾ⣬۳ȥһ˵ԥûУʹӦˡ
-

53 ̥

̥
˼ֱˣȻ¶ùʲôĶ
ȻʵȴԸΥ
ȿ۳ﱧŵĶǾ׼̲סһ
һ˶ٵ򣬰˵ʱҲǼ̥ģССķۺɫȻǰֻʣһɫ͸ĤܿСӤ
׼ȷ˵Ӥá
ģĲһɭɲ
Ҳѹ֮ǰǰƤûס׳ȥˡ
۳ȴС̥ŵһߣ˵ڰɡ
ѵУʳеɻ
ȻС۳ǵ
Ȼкܶɻ󣬵۳Ϊ׵һ֮ӶŽ̥ڳҲʱˡ
ֻ֮˰Сʱڽ̥˳
һ˴Ӻ̶̲סʵ̶ôô̥ҩֲʲô
ʲôֵģһԵķش콧߼ÿ궼Ҫˣ֮󣬴֮ʯǱ٣룬ʬ彻Щп̥ܵγɡûտ̥кܴʱ̶еϺʳҲкСļγҩֲ
ҩֲԭֻʳҩֲԵʻ֮ʳ̥һ컯ҩֲ
õģҩֲûгɣĻûпǵǶ仨ˣǾͼˣУΪһҩֲǧ֮ӡ
ĬȻһһƤʵȻ̶֪̥Ϊʲôȥң
Ϊջ񲢲ȡһ곤ĺƤ̶ôǱģҹǻҪƴȫˣ˵ΪΪ̥ȥ̶ײ̽ˡѰҩֲĹˣѰûȥ¡
û˵һԭǣЩ̥ģѰҹк˫ͻ͸òʧˡ
˼Ϊʲôô̥
ΪʱЩ̥ڳĻЩ̥ҩֲ֮ٸáӵҩֲûʲôô·̥ȴдôġ
˵ţ˫һʹһ̥Ӥͷ­һĶ
ǶɫȵСɢŵζ
ðβŴǵΪлعüʵʲôã
ⶫǽ̥ԳûôԺȴкܴô˶٣ǵӤܱýӤǿǣ¸ʵ
Ҫ˵ĶǼٵġϾò˶ãԼҲãںͰҲãҪкӵġ
룬ڵҪһš
Ҳ⣬ԥʹӦˡ
Ȼ̥ܹҲŶʮţô˶֣Ǿʸһŵġ
Ȼ󣬾ԹһȺƤͺƤ˺ơ˺棬ǰƤڲͺƤڲ˺ƣŸЩ̥˹
ܿˣ̥ⶫܿɹˡ
ȥ󣬾һʱͽ̥ڰ㿴ˡ
ⶫԷһǵʱǵĺģõЦе
ںͰһۣЩΡ
ԼĺӾͺãǵĺӲܡ㿪ڵ
ԽǳǾԽǷ־̬Щ̫ԡ
ǲǸ磬ӦչáΪǵʵǵԼĸһҪǡ
ˣ̫ٵģƫƫǼֱʢ
ڣǵĺӶˡ
ЦЦ˭Ҫ͸˭ȴǲЭ
ǲ֪뷨֪Ҳĵġ
ھԣڰԼȥСͰǼҪҲĴڡ
͹۵˵һǳȱˡ
Ϊ¶ԺľڳΪ¶֮ǰĸĸѼɳķˣһһ񣬰ҴƴټҲơŮǲ۲ǲһ仰ûʱûʱ䰮ܾ÷չҵʱǲݴģŮʣҲԺ󲹳
ȻǵļҵǴƴˣȴһǿΪƴĲƲ֪˭ҲӸǧ˹¶
ˣⱲӺ̥ͬһ𳤴β⣿
Գ˵˼άǣ롰ӡ졣Ȼ¹㳡Уȴеġӡһ·ĸԸͬǸݣΪ
˵֮СͰΪĸ֮ˣѡǵĻܡ
̶̰˵䲻Ļھԣǡ
СͰΨʣߡ
ΪҲΪ
-

54 ص

̥ǺöĥŵǵʱźãɱŪˡ
־ĥȻַ֮ѧĴڣƫƫòףռĶûеġ
ִʲôƷԷб䣬Լչżٲ÷ԼģĶһϣ±͵ҲܱǳʲôˣµĶҲѪŮ̳С
ȻȻֵһС¥ⶰС¥ȨֻŵʱһС¥ᱻգеأǰָҪ˭ģ򶼻乫
Ҳû˵ˡ
֮Դ㽫ŻС¥һΪѡ񣬶һ飬ԼвƲɰںͰ̳С
콧ߵһȽϹŹ֣һ뻹죬һܾ꣬Ҳϰˡ
ˣǱǴ֮û˾òʣвˮԺͱ֮ӳǿѵ
ŰںͰһݺ̶
ںͰһʼָܳΪ֮ӣڼ֮ʯʶһ飬ȴʼûκθӦ֮˽رҲˡ
ǣָΪ֮ӺǷҪǿ¡
Ҳǳݺ̶ʱ򱣼ݻ
ĺ̶ˮЩˡ۾ڵ
ѾϵĲݵӵĺ̶ˮû취µµЩˡ
ôӺ̶гҪȥͷ˹һصˣǱƽ͵ɡ
ƽ͵ɣ
һŵ˵ʲô
Ҳˣ˵ЦɣͰĶսʿ콧ҪоıϾ֮ʯǶֻҪ֮ӣ˶һƤ
²ϡ档ݵȥҲй͵ɵƽܻİٲһôСļʣҲе˸Ըðա
ΪΣɻ
Ϊȱ̾Ȼʳ޵ģڱסϵ֮ٷֳȥʳǾԲеİձġǰ콧֮սҲǾģǸǿƵʳһ룬İվ͸಻ˡܵڲųִ͵ѾǺõˡ
Ȼ
˵ʺǿơȻֲȫǣѾܱӻЩգȫǵ
һ˸ŷȥǣ׼ǰһĻʧȥԡ
֮ͬӣҲͬڶսʿǰЩƽϱһ޶ͨˡ
޷콧УҲƾǿֱվ±ڣֱֻԭʼҲΣյİ취ӡ
Ȼûкõ֣вΪûץӣôȥˤˡ
ȴǱ֮ʯġ
ҵľϵͬ˵ûܹݵġ
Ǵʱ˿̣Щȴͬû֪һ㣬վɸ·
ǧ²Ƽݵˣ˵ı鶼ǰľѾеϣⶼǾ
ȻһȺˣȴû˿ͺͳɣ΢أԥأϣ
˵𺳣·𿴵˱Ͷ¯ַܿܿ·𿴵ʵ
ңĲ
Ȼֹһˡ
ǡǾͲܰ𣿡ʱ򣬲֪˭ڵ
ҡͷܰˣЩҡڲƽͻ¶ļ뵽͵ɶС
֪ʱϵǽŵԣܰ̲סæȴԽԽ˼Ȼ
ĬȻҲǾͰ˶°ȵ˶ϵǾͲðˡ
ϵƽҪƽã岻˶ԴǼΪġ
ԣЦǹܲô࣬ƽҪĵʳǿưͲǽƽйȥء
ÿ궼ʳ׸ǿƣⲢ˵Ƕϵʳʹ´ˡֻòˡ
ʳҪǿƱƼˣ롣
ͬһʱ䣬ոյ콧ҲԶԶ⸱
һѾֹһοĳˣȻȴǿһĬȻһΡ
峤ԵС
ҡҡͷ·ɡ
ǷͬĹʢˣĳҲܲݡ
ֻ˹һˣ˵ͬҲǺܿµġ
˿ؤʩʳǮƣ˿ؤǽѵһ
ʱ˿̣ضЩƽˡ
Եؾãͬ٣ЩӵѪȻʹ࣬Ϊβ׶ɱǵĴڣֻЩܻˣ
-

55 

ϢԵļλϵθó㹻ĳ⣬ʳ׶Ҫָˡ
һϵɫҲöá
˿ıӻЩƽȻȴˣҲԲͬҪ˿ϴ
ֱƽ콧ֻëǵļץסϣ˲ŷ̶֣⼸֮ΪˮΪ̫̫˴Ӻ̶˹ˡ
ൽʲô̶أ
¼һ£Ȼ͵ɶ鲢ֹһ˰ɡ
ԣ˵һ
뵽һ⣺ƽоͲ֮ܳ𣿡
ΪõһôԵĻشȻȴԥܡ
΢Ц֮ʵʲôܡ绹û콵ʱʮִʥ¬ڶЩ˴඼ΪֿסʥϮˣĽˡˣֱǿƺʵ档
콵֣ǵ涼֮ӣҲΨλ֮ӡ
֮ӣ˵ǵĺ
һЩС塭
ʱ򴫳֮ʯôû֪ʹõĻԭʼķܷʽС壬Ȣʻǿ֮һŮġﵭ
ĬȻһֱΪΪ֮¹Ȼ츳츳ѪûйϵֻƽܽӴ֮ʯԲû֮ӡ뷨Ц
磬ͨ˸ûϣԡ
ͷ·ġ
Ǳ˶Դ˶ѾˣӲΪǳԾòҲΪԶò
ǣģⲢͨ˾Եˡ
û˱Ⱦˡ
Ϊһͨˡûкң⣬Ҳûʲô˲õĲܣܹԱů֮Ӷûܹĸ֡
ͨˣҲǿԹƽģǲܿġ
ǲܳΪ֮ӵˣҲÿһôСģܴ漣綼Ŀΰ¼
磬ھУĲ
һֱںͰһģżҲȥ콧·ƬΪ콵ŰСЩɽдһ
ֵʱͷûлأֻǽͷϣ۾
Զ׼ƣһϣʶӿ˽ŲǰĿ⽫´һ飬ȷûˣڵôˣ

ֱ۾
ȻͶһ˫۾
֪ô˫۾ĸ飬ȻԴȴİ
ҲһˣЦرɾϵĽĿȣͬȫĻȣȴС
أϲʲôкӣ
ȻʻףĻȴϢȾѪ
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ﱾȰջģȻᣬȴı⡣
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һ֣µģֱá
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ˣһ֪ؿ
ãﴹ۾̲ס͵͵һۣڰԸһ𣿡
μˡ
ʲôһ׼Ҳûкòã
ʿˮǲˣǿƼˣʼˡ
ûǰҲ˵ԼνҳϡЦһȻץסֵҲͶУҲҪͶУⲢӰһ𣿡

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ı飬ȴĬϡЦˣģҶźˡ
ڣһ̣͸о󾱶ʹǰһʧȥʶ
Сסµ壬ȻһȷûڣʼѾ·
˵Ѿ·ر˳֣壬ǿҲҲ˸飬ǻᶼġ
ȻᣬﲻֶˣҲ
˺Щڽ·ˡȻʱŷӦһ¡ʵȡ֮ѪĻðҲԵġ
ˡ
ｫƽԼĿ£¶ѾѪɫĴ֮ʯȻſϣ鴫֮ʯ
˲䣬д֮Ѫɴ໥ںϣգ۱γȭͷС̥
Ĵ֮ʯģȻǶ˴֮ʯ£δ֮ѪѾǳˡ
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56 飿

̥պãﶯؽ·ãָؽ뻳С
ȡһ˻˯ҩֲ֭ι
֪˶ãɫ谵нŲｫŵݵϣԼɵһ
˯ŵľںͰ˿ǰѣ
һʼû룬˼ûзӦʱɫ
ֵһۣԥͱˡ
û뵽ܻ֡ԭأ˵ʵʲôԭضǺõѡ
β棬ȷȫص˶Ѩų롣
ںͰ㱧žżæܻ̱Ƥע⡣
ôˣǰʵ
˿µСҵʱˣвѡ
ʵϣһȥСֶᵢ鵽ôˣںͰҲðȥˡ
ʵȥҪðһյġ˵ûñ˰æ˵ﱾûжٻȨֲȷϾǰٷ֮ٳˣ˱Ҳ鷳ˡ
ԣҪѾѣʧˡ˷ȻеףǱ˴ˡ
׵òأ˵һӾͻѹСֻضѨ·̣ںͰߵĻͲֹһˡ
üյ£㴫Ȼ
ǱΣǱι˺߲ݡ
ν߲ݣ˼˯þԱ˿۵ϢãԺ߲ߡΪԻҩֲûиãҩֲǺܻӭġ
۳ǵϢϹ˰µĽۡ
˭Ծֵģ۳ŭɶ
ԼҪԲԶҲû뵽ԼƤ£Ȼ˶֡
˵𣿡Ƿ˸۵϶ǶȺƤ
۳ҲӦˣǰȺƤ˭

ѾŪˣǾȻû°ߣЩ˼
Ϊ֪ϼһԾɲһ졣ƤҲ˵Ծû뷨
ҲùŹ֣ˮʵҲ֣ǿǻָʳףȻҰѾ°ߡ
ҲѾŪ֮ʲôɣü
һ˲䣬ڳ˶뵽ʲôȻĿ䵽ϡ
Ҳ뵽ˣҡҡͷǵȾѹԼ鿴ɡ
֮ʯλù˽ܣ;н飬ͬ⣬顣
ҪǣǵĲ²ԲԣҪṩϢѣһоǰ״
ȴǰҹѵģ۳ǵȻڣںͰȴһֱһжͷˡ
æƵǰĵ㻹𣿡
ʵϣЩµģΪ߲ݵԵʣھرãȻ󡭡֮ǰ¡
һӦĪǰｫ°ߣԼȴúõػˣʲô
쿴ԼĴ֮Ѫû١ڿѵ
֮Ѫ
һҲӦˡ
ʾⰢںͰתֱӰǿԼĿһȻ֮ʯѾˡ
ǡ˼
Ŭ֮ǰ˵ĶԻôԼûиȷĻظ֡һҡ̬ȣˣ
ߣǹװˣ
Ǻߡ
Ȼ˼Ҳ㲻ʲôֱˡ
ﰢںͰ֮Ѫο
ҪԼϲһƤ²һ𣬿ҲѡȥԷĴ֮Ѫ
ʵϣµĶǶԵġﵱȻûΪԼһ׾ͻỶϲϲӦһˡ
ⲢҪ
ΪԭڵҪĿĲþҲϲȽĺ֮ǡ
ǰǰⲻ˵ӦĿжߣӦˣ˿Ҳ޷һ
ɲԼ;Ϊڶغͷ͡
뿪ʱǹһˣǻʱﴧ̥ŵ긾ˡ
긾˷ֱͮͻ裬ǿƼӤĹԱ
Ǳİģᱻ֮ϣ֪Ĵ㣬һ𷢶
û취˭ʱӤʱΪһЩԭ򲻱ҲûץɲҪⱨ
ɲ֪еĵǣ֪ΪǵŵҪҲǾ˼ǵġ
ͬӤĹԱͮͻһͬص㣬˵ĶŮѾսˣΪ͹ϵҲѾ۴֮ѪжŮˣڼѾûǣˡ
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57 

ȻѰˣûжŮŶһΪУҲʶ֪˭ȻҲ̸ʲôǣ
ߣǿƵ˻ûѶŮϵġ
ӤĹЩһˣΪƣǺ֪ܿԼĺĸġ˻ϣظ˵׼һֱš
尲ŹҲῴӦԵģܳӤˣԺӶȽģ̸ġ
ˣҲͮͻĶŮ˵ˡ
ץǴչ˺ӵģ˵涼󺣣д󺣹ӣҲӲˣһһ
ܹԸ£Ǿ͸ˡ
ӤǱ߲ûиˣ˸Ӳɿأ￼֮ǰʹġ
ҲһʱҪǣȹʮ꣬Ӿչ˺ĵܵˡ
ǲþĴ֮Ѫ˽ϵġ
֪ץΪ˰ӣͮͻ׷˿
ǵҲûж룬ʵϣǿڲкܶ˶ӵķʽ飬ֻ첲šȡ
ǼˣҲ˵û͵͵ԼˡԴˣйܵҲϣϾ棬Ĳף˵һע콵ˡ
ֻЩ콵ô죬ΪģҲΪԼСǰ
ｫ˴ԼںõطӦûȱٶǸ˵һȥɹ
ڵС׶ǴСĹ񣬸պһСһ̥ȺӳҲסС
ڵȳԺİţȴֻˡ
ˡҪӪҺ̥ܵõӪڳزۡ˵һ䣬ͮԽԽС
ﵹû⣬ֻǵҪʲôӣһᾡ
е㳣ʶģ֪Ѱ̥ûӪҺҲ˳ֻѵʱ䳤һ㣬ӵʺǿѪ̥ȴУҪӪǵڣҪ
ͮͻ轫дõĵӸ̥£ʹˡ
˳ǣæסˡǲǸһЩʳ
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˵Ϊʳ⣬ԼӦܹ
Ȼһ룬ˣӤ乤ģʮа˾岢ûеõ
Ҳ˵ǵͱѰ˺һЩһЩҪǲܵġ
͸˵ԼҿԳԵҰҰˣϺˡ
ֹǣԺҲǸ⣬ܲһֱǡ
ţºŪһ㶪ǵȳţȹڸʳ
ˣֶһСһʯƨ뿪ˣͮͻ
ǲҲǲգ˻治Υ
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ȵˣۿĴ֮ѪĺƤϺͱﵥһ˶ϣǿ¡
ҪǺߣ˵׼峤лȥǡ
ˣˣҲһжûУҲ֪뷨
΢΢̾Ϣ
ȻҲ뵽һˣ뵽İ취򵥴ֱȴЧֻҪǰʹظƻʾֻܰѾų
Ȼû˵ȴû뵽ġ
ΪȫλͳЦȻĿģص׳ǵػزˬ
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˶٣ֵˣӤǱԱʧˡ
Ӥ䣿ü
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濥һԵ˵һģһʱ䡣
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زţֱ۶ˡ룬һ·˵ʲô
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58 

濥ʵɵôһʣ뵽ˡ
ǣ˸ۣ˵һʼ̵Ļ
ҲǵʱùǺ治ܽ˵Ļǵһ
һʼ棬ԽԽü̲סû˵ЩԼйص£
濥֪ʲô˵װŶ˵˴㽫Ǳߵջ͸?
ԣ̲סӱ߳⡣
Щ꣬ž׵ѵ
ֻûܰ˹ջؼңûгϢġ
֮أʵ
濥¶ãȻر㽫ˡ
߳峤칫һʱ䣬̲סһȻ㿪ʼ˴ġ
ΪҪ콧Ҫţ˰ûд콧˵ûסҲһˣֻһɨưˡ
濥Ҳ⣬Ҳûʧ٣һʱͻԼ֣峤һʼףҲϰˡ
Ϊ֮Ѫ£۳ǵҲþˣںͰҲȫߡ
۳Ǿ²С㽫Ϣ峤
֪֮ȴǸӣȻĶһˡ
˪̫̫ʱ۳ǵ˶ˡ
ϵĿȴǵһʱ˾ϣһ㶣ʶλϵĵΪԼ
Ƚ붴ѨϱĿģȻΪģֻǡ
ԷԼĴ֮ʯȴǲûоܾ
ڳԻرܣϴӻȡһȭͷСпԲ򣬾ʶⶫǽ͵ռ֮Ѫߣ֮ΪѪ򡣡
ʼҪϽ֮ѪȻг˺Խ֮ռʽģõıѪ
ѪǴʹ֮ʯĲλľԴ֮Ѫ֮Ч֮ѪԶӴ֮ʯ뿪
죬պþĴ֮ʯ۳һδ֮ѪˣóѪ򣬰ڵ˶ΪҪʱֹԺٳִ֮Ѫ
ȻȶϽѪ򿿽֮ʯڲǵδ֮ѪȴǲΪʱ˶ɵˡ
⡭ʲôɵˡ
ǶһȻˡ
ϣ
̾˿Ĵ֮ʯˡ

ʲô
һ
ϵܹ֮ǰµĴ֮ʯģһԸģ
ԥµԿܲܽȥ
ü۳һܶԼĴ֮ʯǶȥ֮ǰûע⣬ϸһӦȻĴ֮ʯ̻һɷԵϢ
ҪԼܽϢȡȻȴù
ʧܣϵɫһȻǿƱ£ֻʵǿԷõ
ܹǿƱǾˣҲֻˡ
ʵϣ²֮£ϲһʼȷʵǲܲ⣬һ֮β
ֻΪЩ겢ûз־ʲôϵҲ²ᡣ
һϾ¡
Ҳû뵽Ȼôͱ¶ˣգգۣԶʵǾͲ취𣿡
ҡͷԼ֡
Ҳ֪ǲܵġ
ԣڳǺͰɫѿ
Ҫ֪ʵǿ֮ӣ˱ӻˣþڴ֮ѪĹϡ
ɣʵ֮Ѫ۵ٶȾԺܿ죬˵һֵ֮ܵӡ
˵֮ӵҪǿŮԡ
꣬ʮеܹһײ㣬뵽˲
Ҳüͷ±ģ¼˰лȥӴٲ̤һ
棬ǲʧȥɡ
ڶҲ֪ôģֱ뿪Ҳûһȥɱ˿
֪ǣϻȥֱӶԷ͵Ͻ˵һ£ǿ?ûϽ̥
Ѿ֪ˣһ㶣ǻûн̥Ͻ
һۣǾҪǾĶΪ飬Ϊ⿴Ĵ֮Ѫˡ
ǿ̥ǰ㲻飬ҰĲأԼͷ͵ĺ͵͵ˣ˵ˡ
֪̽ƢԣֻҪԾһģ;ԲὫ̥Ͻ塣
ˣͲǿƽٻء
ǺߣǼԹ޲Ƕý˽лǷǰߣȥǿ˵
-

59 æµ

Դϻȥ󣬾ڵȴ
ȴľ
Ҫ˵ĲǲܵģҪ峤Ҫǿƽǣ˵þҪȡһЩʩˡ
ʵϣԾԣǲʵ
ϲﷱȴƽϲ̨ϰֲԣϲͳʽ㣬ҲԲ壬ϲڿʱŽ滺֣˿ͿֳĶ⾫ϲûп˵ʱһ裬еˢֻޱǵĵǸӰ۵Ļ顣żˣһѣȥһӳĵӰȥ¿໥·ֵʳ嵭ʱϲűȥУ㣬ֻ˳ԼĽ࣬ʱٴһ͸ѵţ²ؽԼĿ˵˶żҲΌѵȰ˵ȥɽȥӾȥһκһΣȻ´ɻᱻ˵
Ȥζġ
Щ綼ܴɡ
˵ִ˺һԽʮа˾Żɱ
ⱲΨһĴ壬ֻ䱦ĸ硣
ҲˣȷԼĺ뱲ӲܱԲںͰԼĵط
Ȼϵǣҵȣֱһ¹ȥҲûеҪص
ȵȥǱ߶ûκϢ
Ȼһ£Ȼһֱû
ѵ֮ǰһٵıף
ʵϣﲻֲй
Ҫ֪ô鷳Ͱ̥ˣ
ô룬ͮЩսսǰˣ򲼲ˣ
ôֲˣ
ͮŵʲô̫ˣϴɾֻûɡ
ˣȥ򲼡˰ֵ
ͮСѵҪ޲˿Ĳˮɱˡ
֪֪ˣû
ʱ˹ˣǲٴ˹ǲˣ˲ôຢӰУ**ˣѰ**Ӫ̫ˣŪһͷڵľ޻
ͷˣҧȥң
˵꣬ԥתȥһƬӤ
ͮͻһۣȴæ͵͵Ц
ҾҲô¡ͮһߴϴ򲼣һС
ͷһأڿҶˣһҲС
ͮȴҡͷǲССﲻԴ֪ˣ˵Űɱ˳ﲻ̫ãֱӷܰҰȺڣֱġ
һ飬˵ЩˣûйϵֻҪúðչ˺ӣҲô
ڻȥǻǵߣǹһʱ䣬ԼڵĵطȻǰû˵ĺ򣬲ɱЪ˼
ڷֺԶܿ콵֮
ˣֻҪܻţĻûʲôҪ
˵ʲôһ˼顣
ǰ㱨˲˰Ѻβ޲һԤڵľޡ
صˣȥһ£?Ĵ֮ѪǲǱˡ
Щò飬콧ǱߵĺƤͰƤЩϲٰƤΪ²أҲʲôģһ
õȷϢ˶ֱӶԻڼ֮ӷһϽһȵȣҵ֮Ҫ͵͵ţȥ̥ߺҳ
ȼ֮ȫʱֿЦˣҲҪܰ;ĺӸŪ֡
ô룬һޱԺС
ǿ?أֱһƤĹĲѪҺǾ綾
΢΢һ漴Ц˵òԼһ
ǣܸı磬ǳΪΣ
ʵȻǵһʱ㷢Լ˸ˣֱӽƫƧ֮иٵ֮Ӿͱ˽̿
һҲֹڴˡ
Ϣñףȴû취⿴ǿ󣬵ΪǿҲ޷ƿء
ʱһ꣬ٴμ
ֹ콧ߵİƤǼѪӿҪȥϽס嶯
һ֪ȻΪˮЩƤǳȥĻҲ
ôһһڰƤ侲Ҳ뵽ԼĶˣһʱЩ͡
-

60 

ʵҲ£͵͵һ۾ġæһ꣬ʵˣ뵽ȻһðôƤ
һ˻ûзӦ͸оһ׷ʧȥ˼
Ŀɨµˣֻзִ磬ǰںͰҲû˵üʲô
ЩȥС֣
ʵǶûѣ
Сʱɡӵ˵˵
벢ûоܾ˵С֣תͷòҴΰɣ
ʱ顣
бô£ʵ
ˣСҲԸұǡ
һҵıӦɡ֪֮ģ˵Ǹ֮ӣսһʵȻǿġ
ҲᡣԣȴǶ
ҲĿˣ̲סƿĿ⡣
ȴĥ£Ҫǣһ⣬Ҳصǡ
֪ӦѾ֪ѺˣҲûϵĲҵӡ
һĴ֮ѪҪǾܸǾͺˡ
²ֻܼ
ˣ˵ЩСĵʵ
˫ֻأ˵أ
ߣʵЩ̲סϲϲ־ò֮ˣСҲҸõĸϵṩˡ
ǺЦҲҵĺӡ
ûҪĺӡæûа̥壬ҷˡ
ԣ̲ס¶㵣˵ģȴû뵽ˡ
һԼµԼΪʲôûлˡ
ͷЩһõطǶǶлҴȥ
ü棬콵ô죿ʺǿĴٶĲãֻܹ׶콵һԵֹ
ĸʣܻܲһ궼˵
ᡣЩص㵽ʱ֪ˡ
ԥһ£ʵѾˣ
ͷ̥һʮһӣŸŮʮк
ԣò˼飬ԼȻˣҶʮһӡ
ǡɰ𣿡Щؿʵ
ϱڹ¶Ժ꣬ԺʵİĴӣٲҪʹչ˸Сĺӵġ¶ԺĺƢĲ࣬Ҳ̸ᣬϲ
Ϊѹֲҿֹ֣ĺӶٻԵľګ˼ֺӵԺͿɰ
ԣһ˲ЩŤȴ϶رɰ
ɰôУһþϲ
ûж룬ЩڴȥˡҪ˵ЩжĸǲܵģڸĻǺ档
µߵĺӡ
֮˵һЩǵ£ǣ׼ĸֶ
ЩȤģ˲Ҵ´ȥʱܿȥ
ԭ²ֶĴ֮ѪϷɣ˽ʵһֱţһֱ˷ֱﶼûκζ
֪ѾӰΪܿճʱҲԲҪˣٶʱ
ĵ콧ƺûʲôӰ죬һʼԴȻҾȴûĴ֮Ѫз£Ҳˡ
ʱ򣬱ɵҲԾʲô˼ˡ
ΪںͰ˵ʲôǶԴ˾ּɣ
һ죬̲ס
Ǻϲ
˭ϲˣڷһۡ
ǰϲϲʲôϵֻҪʵ㹻ǿܹͺˡ
ʵȻǿԱʵޣǶЩƤûɱģ˵ܲס
ԣһ£ǲáҸһƤǣһ𲻺ã
ֻҪܱ㣬˭ǺƤǰƤҲ
ҲͷСڼ壬ܱӻǵļǼ壬һҪΣǡ
Ļû˵ں;ȴ˼
һߣҲ˵ĲĿ;ͬϾһ̥Ͻ壬Ҫ˵ûǲܵġ
Ե壬ʵѹˣ˱ٶҲǲҵǰ˵ġ
ǲ˵͵û£ӹñ˭С
Ȼܿͳ˴е顣
˵ʲôҰ޷ˣ
-

61 쳣

磬һַǳĴڡ
Ϊ콵Ӱ죬ܶණ죬Ҳ֮һ
еط콵ǰƵģҲˣ޸ҩֲһϡƽĴڡ
˵콧ǶϺصļߣʺǿƵǻãǳԭ˵ҪסɽľӴܳա
µҰޣ˵ٷ֮ʮŶڴɽʣֻаٷ֮һĿܳطǵġ
ɽľ޶ԼҪһ޳ΨһĽͨ乤ߣԾޱزȱ֮ԶԴɽľΧɱҪԭЩޱ˱ʳ
ʷϺüʳΣǿ״ɽľ޶ȹġ
޶ûгֹҲǳ
Ǳ߳£ǼĶսʿ콧ߵ֮Ӳ򲻵ǾԲġ
ȻܿµϢ
ɽľʵδ֪ԭ۳һ졣
ǰԮսʿͷһʼԣڣÿͷ޵ʵԭ
˶٣ЩʵǶսʿѾǧˡ
ԣ˷׷һսʿȻ֮ټҲǼڶе֮ǿˣż찡Ѿǧˣ
ü²ԡ
۳ǶսʿʵĿǰ޶ҵԭ𣿡
ݹʷһξ޶ңûԭġʱΪɽȱˮԴʱΪĳɽֻнԴͷþ޶
ûСսʿЩȻһһͳˮһ壬Ҫɽе飬Ҳ粽С
ʵǿǱҲһ
սʿһ㶣ͷǿ˲١
ԣ۳ǵԥˣϵĺƤһȥԭ֧Ԯ
˵۳Ҳ뵽ˡ
ҪȥĺƤȴˡ
ǿ콧ߵܸ˽󽭣һλ֮ӣʵ֮ǲ磬ƲᣬҲһǿߡ
ϻҲ˵ˣ콧ȷһţȥ֧Ԯԭ󽭿żɽ
۳ȻԼĻˣȻԷ˵Լ뷨ҲûԥֱӾʹӦˡ
⣬Ҳʵû̫ʱʰ˫һ£ͬһ콧˶ԭ
ҲڳϣںͰС
ȻҪߣ˵ʲôҲҪġ
һʵ֮Ӷ֮УΪľǰҸ·
ϣų᲻Ϸɱµͬһ벻ǰھ޳ٶȿ쵽˲Ӱ
ԭͺ콧벻Զ֮£һ˲˲Сʱ͵˳ԭ
ʱһƬս졣
սʿʵľޣܵģȻ侳
۳üô£Щôһ
ֹҾȫʧǣ¶ûˡˮŵ
ڳвڳΪ֮֮ǰڳԭϴ˵޶һϣȴΪɽץ޵ģ֪ΪǸߵĹϵʵܻʱƣҪһߵͬ˶ˣǾͻᵨӳˡ
ǿǰԣ˶پޣŵЩƺûܵӰ죬Ųͣٵġ
䣬ʨһ;޾Ͳ˵ˣ÷¹ѱľᶼһȳǰ棬ͺܲԾˡ
ҲѹδӴɽܳľԶԶκһξ޶ˡ
ǰŨѪζԥٻĹϷɳڳлŵĺƤͰƤ󶨡
ҲǴʱʼսⷽʿʼ١
콧֮Ӷ˵ս𽥵أԽԽľ޿ʼ
üһԲ֪ʱߵЩԣȥ֪ͨһ´ңĻҪЩɱֻ֣Ҫξˡ
˶٣ֲЩսʿսޣǸػԵľޣҲǰս֮ӱ͵Ϯ㹻ƣܹûԼ˾͸ˡ
̾˿λһ磬գ۾ͳǰս˼͸¶ҡ
󽭿۾һϽżȥɽһ¾޶ҵԭ򡣡
ﱾᣬ뵽ҪϿⳡսӦ
кһСԶ󽭲ŻعȻԸˣ
ɽЩŵһ޵ĺڻҡ
˵˶ˣ
-

62 ź

һͷĳݻһմҳɫָֻƣݵѶȥˣϵ·ҲõòУֻһ˫۾ˡ
Ǽеͷͬѯʣ˶ûйϵ
˶٣Ǵѵˣ
ǡǺģһλ̲סۿ
Сӣ̲ס
ȭͷǲǾҪˡЩЩ˵һᣬǡҲлŵȨ
ǰҲ
Ҳ롣
ҳôͳԹһμƤ볢ʲôζ

һʱ䣬ˡ
ǵһεɽʹ
ȥˮԴ
ɽˮԴкܶ࣬д󲿷ֶǷףˮԴͷǻӡ
˭Ѿɿˣ֮мӾͽˡ
һ˵ִ˻ӣͼˮ棬Ȼɽ񲢲ȱˮ
һǡʱ￪ڵһºˮ
ǸƤҲǶΨһŮԼˮ֮ӣˮ£û˱ˡ
ȻԣˡǲΪġˮʲô⣬Ȼ
ĵܸոմˮɫͱˡ
ôˣ״̲סŵʵ
ûлش˫һˮͷţɫص汻Ͷҩ
ʲôҩˡ
ȴҡҡͷŲоֹһҩֲ¡Ļͳҩ
ɣβûдľ֮ӳ
üˮСǻˮҪͶҩףҩСˣȻҪϡ͵ġ
˶٣ߣȥ
ȲܺﱻͶʲôҩ֮ξ޶Ѳ˹ϵץܹû
һ˿θȥױ㽫ﵹҩ֭ץ˸
Ⱥڰ׷һˣһȺɫˡ
˿Ҳ¶㵣֮ǰǲ²ǲмߣǲĸСڵҡ
ȴû뵽ⳡҵľȻһȺƼݵƽꡣ
һһѸʨĺƤ̲סڵǴģ
Ⱥ֮ǰĵϴ˵еɱ˵Ӻͺ¡
СҧҧҪڣȴסˡҡҡͷʾ˵
Ϊף￴ŰЩҩ֭ģ
û´ǵӦþΪЩҩ֭
˵ͷġ
üôʲôĿģʵŪЩʲôܲܡô£ҪƷͳΰɣ
붼òס
⣬ĬúΪҪԱ
üȻҩҾͲû취ͨҩɱһͷޡ
ȴǺҪ˶ԱԼĶӡ
Щǿ׳ɫ֮ӣĿڷߺ޵ֻ˴޵£ЩƽֵܷһЩ
ܲޣ䲻ʵ
ĬȻԴܹʳﶼƽ֣ǾͲ˶ˡ
콵֮Ҳϡ
һַǳŹֵĿ죬ʲôû˵̲סˣɫؿܵ·Ӧþԭ˰ɣ
콧ȻǶϺĽ磬˵콧ȫظˣԭʵҲصĽ磬ֻպһƬ󣬻һЩСľγȻϣսʿʱʱսսʿ֮ӵʮϣ֪ԱܶжˣأҪܿĿԽΡ
֮û˷֣жǸֻ˴ɽûдԭԱܼ
˵ͷ֪ΪʲôͻȻ˵
ǼܰȻӦÿ˵ıɣüû´ΪǻǵӦ˲ٰɣ
δ䣬ۿͺˡ
ôС̲סʵ
콵𣿡ʵ
һ˼̲֮סͷǲش⡣
ã͵̧ͷҳ콵ǳ£Щ֮ӷǳ˲ΪǱƽӦøжǡ
۾죬ǵҲӦǵҪǵ
-

63 üֵ

ߺܿͷսϵı仯Ȼ֪ʲôԵʣӴɽľȷʵʼˣԶǸʱ
һ˵ѹȻࡣ
ʱģϵģ͸û󽭵ʾһֱӴż˾ߣԼ˵ԼǼԼԶ˵һ
󽭺۳ҲܹЩ˸ȫ
˵꣬ӵľǾˡ
Щ
ûȨֶûһִ˸ˡ
ǣ֪û취Ȩ
οִΪȨȥΣˣҲǷġ
ϵľǿͲʣ̾˿ܿ࣬ǾԼůԲܿ࣬ôأ
ָЩڸƴɱ˵Ǿǵճһһһֱ꣬ѵǾͲܿ𣿡
ҪǲҪǵôҪˣ㽫ǵ𣿡
ʵǣΪ˲ǲ߻ǰĳʹǧǧսʿ
ʺǿƴԼΰ󣬵˵ǹȥԵʳǹȥһδδ콵ӵΪǵıӻ𣿡
Ƕǲ裬Ƕȴڶߡ
˵˭
ᣬ죬˵Ļȴͬһƣݺݴ˰ϣʹɫɷף۵׻Ρ
ЦһѹҪƽֻʺǿѪһƫģпȡ֮ġ˶Ǿ˵ģƽʩϵѪͰϣֻ֪õ֪Ƿȥһ죬岻콵֮£ȴǻǲϵںС
˵Щ飬еЩսʿһ֪ȻҲǵһ˵һʱ䣬Ͳ׷װ
֮ǰǴֻ߷ֵֵʳ˶ȴûҪߡ
Ȼϸ룬֪ˣѵֿܹ
ܵģûκʱ
ģ͵̧ͷ˶һģ˶ıӻижġ֪жֻǼǵΪ֮Լԡ
ҪߴһȥĻᡣ
ҲӦˣԼΪ׻ᵼʲôĽǰЩΪǵΪŭӶϵƽɱ⡭
ŵɪɪҲĻҵؽ
ǵĴҪǨŭˡ
Ǽģûйϵ

Щ˵֣һͻأ
ǰǰģҩҲǰģûйϵ
ֳеͷס˲ӣ͵ʧˡ
˿˵꣬һֵ꣬˵ֻ࣬ǹǼְܴ֣Ա꣬ҪԵһЩʵûʲôġ
ʲô˼СһŭؿĶûаҩܱܿЩޣܻڣ
żСûȷʵĲ£ȻҪˡ
ģǲҲͬˣ㲻䰢𣿡һЦ˵˵ȥɥģҪưȥ
˳Ĭؿⳡﷴֱǳòˣ۳ǲſڵ˱ˣܽǲǰ⣬ͬЩˣһ
һ˵ȺˣҲˣΪʲô
ȻΪҩ츳ˡ󽭵ͬΪüֵܹһ˾ûĺˡ
粻ûҩһУֻǷǳֲڣԾǽҩҩֲıһ̬ЯãͬѾýͬĲҩӳˡ
ã̧ͷҪʲôǲܴӦŹСǵ
۲죬²ӦӵзǳȻĵλ
һʵǿǵҩҺ𣿡
ҲǿҲãΪ̭̫ߣǲϻ̫ԴģҲ⡣
˵ΪصС˲ٴ򰾽ǣǿҩֲ
ֵԼĺӣǹӦôຢĵģǰܹͨҩЧҩҺ
֪ΪʲôôʣǻشһᣬЧҩҺҵࡣ
ƽգɲҪЩˣ
-

64 

ԣ۾һ˲ˣҲ͵УԺΪҸɻǵҸˡ
ĥһȺСͶСˣ˵ҩİʣ¼ԵĲ˵ϴϴ򲼿Ӧǳɵġ
ãԼֿһˣҲ˷Ѵ֮Ѫ
԰ϴ򲼺庢ӣúӶһЩҲûйϵ
ԵľһȺƤֲˣǰƤ߶еϾԼôսʿ˭۰
ȴûһʵǣûϹģҶʵˣҪɱ⼸ȥ˻ˣܵĻɱɱʵû̫ϵ
ǾüǸиҲҪӶְǡ
Ȼ¡
˵ţһ׹ָɳһǸиҽͱһѻҽ
˵ǰˣǸվŵļ궼˸ǺҪ֪ܹȻǿ󣬵ҲǳĲòٿأУȴǹԵþƤһԲ⡣
һ֣ȴð˶ԭأͷð亹
֮Ӿ̫ңԶ֮ǰԹԱץΪ֪֪֮ԼӲˡ
Ȼ֮ӵǿЩҡƯ˼ȥʵˡߡĸ
飬һǶˡ
޶ҵԴͷҵˣȴⳡսܽɽеˮԴѾ⣬㲻ټͶҩϡҲǶʱܹġ
ֱº󣬲Ųо޴ɽг
鲢ûоʹ˽ľʬҪЩΪҩ񱩣֮ľҲҪչˡ
ʬ岻Ѵб֮ӣ°¹ȥҲûиЩսʿͷַӽƤҶĹˡ
ЩľЩð졣̫࣬嶼ԲôࡣƫƫûԼľкǿĹԣôչ˵ġ
ﵹðóָ̻ҩȻȴҡͷʾ첻
õҩǼǵǱֻٲַǳҩֲܹͷ̲סЩ
ҩʱЩﶼʳȻǲΪǿǵġ
ܰЩ޻ָȻֹˡ
ֶǷǳҪĶ˵ĸȲ˵ûⷽĹЧУҲܿȥˣɴ¡
˱νһ⻰æҲʾ˷ԡ
Ц֮ӣǰͲϼ꣬£Ҳȥġ
Ҫ˵ΪһȺޡ
ǼԣҲûм֡
ֻǣȴ˵òһǶԵġһֱԼ֮ǲͬģΪֱӺʥɽںϵ֮ӣΪûǵԼõƺǳߣֻ˶༸ִ
ܾãЩ΢ɫӫⲢô򵥡
ȻЩ޾ͳ鷳Ҫ֪Щ޲δθҲ󰡣ô࣬Ǹ
ƫƫܶɱˣҪɽľ϶ҪԺҪʱ֡൱ˡ
֮£ֻܽɱЩϵιЩޡ
һæô죬ôˣķһʲôôûõ
ЩƤë޹ǣûмֵǸģǾţһëˡ
㣬˵Щˣǰ˿ҲЩܣͬʱβѡ
һͷԵģһƤЦˣ⼸Сӣˣ㣬ܵҶ
׷̧ͷ鶼ǲš
Ƥ;һûгΪ֮ǻȥһ콵СǸСȽϺãΪɽһֱò˵֮ǰѾʮû콵ˡȻǹȥʱǹʰƲҲҲõģǶѪƫƫǴãԤƵ콵ʱ콵꣬Դһ֮ʯңϻʼꡣùǣķնΪãȻһѾ޸ռˡǻҲʮ꣬һѾ޵Ķֻ֣֮ҵϡáʱҲ˲Щֻ취ԱˣʱӰԼˣҪЩ֮ʯôģЩ֮ǰǲģȴ˶ڣİڳֵ콵йˡ
ˡ
ǺƤЦǺǵҵڶǵãʮ˸һó鴤ҽеĳ
-

65 ں

̲סʵǺþȵģ
þȣƤЦˣĵþȣֻΪںһҵϵ֮ʯΪ֮ӻ
ЦƽҲƽ֮Ǿܼˡ
ģȴǾȤһʱ䣬㶺һ
ɶһγΪ˾ƽˣòԴϢʱҵͬ²ò뿪ҽ˵صչˣǲôţͷ̫ͬҵĿˡʱҪǿſǿҹƵû˵һƤ
ұңһа̼ͥΪ˱˻ԣʹѣڸҵ⡣˵ĺƤСһһѾ
£˶Ȥˣ⣿
Ǹʲô˺ʵ
˵аˡƤС緭˸۵ǾóҵѪ⣬ǾҲܱǿǱ֮ӡ
֮˵Լƽӵľ˵棬ͷ̧ˡ
״˵Щ˼ˡ
ʵҲк˵ġ˿ڵҵһγиСŮлҾ裬صǹ͸ˡ
ǰǰ˻ԣһ̫̫ҴӻҰд˻ȥΪ˸ҩӵĽˡ

һһ˵˵ɫȻȴЩζӡ
ףƽûвģкȻҲлˡ
˫ìܺͳͻģ˵Ĳƽȡ
ûԸһֱҲûԸһֱʩ롣
ǰΪ˶˽ģΪ˶
Ŀǰɵ͵ìܡ
ԭߵĻ콧Ǳߣûй̶Ǿסģǣ֮ٴߡ
ΪƹϵǲûнڸΡķӣֻǽһпյС
ȻŲôۣȴԼ̡
Ÿ˯£˽Ųͷ̽Ȼ
̾˿ɵ߳Ӫһξ롣
£ʵ
ȥ𣿡
һڣ
ǵģڡЦʺϵĲЩû¸ָãǿ뿪һʱ䡣
ЩŹֵĿ⿴ͲĹҰˣ
ᡣһ϶Һȷ㲻
Ȼ˵;֮ദ࣬˽Ҳ࣬ǣһˣﲻ˵һҲ֪߰˰ˡ
֪ʵһϸǿߣı˶ҪһЩЩʱ˵ͬġαװҲûнͬĸжﻹǿˡ
˵ˣֻǿ󣬲ڹԡ
һ˵ͣüƺЦֱκ˶Ҫãһ͵ĳ⣬ůȴۣõĹ
Щڣ̲סֽ̧鷢󣬡ЩӣĴ㣿
һߵĲݶϣ΢΢ЦҴ㽫ȥҩã԰ﺢǴ壬иССʹҲܰæ
ָĲЩ򴽵ǵԺأǳʲô
Щ£ǳʲôӦԼ𣿡
Щʵǵƽ񣿡
ȻǣҲˣΪʲôҪðǴ壿
ȴҪǳع壿
ǿѡ񡣡
ĬȻúŵӦ֪ģԺع壬ǵȵٻȥȲ˵᲻ԸǣˣǴСһ𳤴ģܻ룬ǵĹ뷨˶в졣
Ժ󲻻ع塭мǲòϣȻϴ˶ܿ࣬Щ֮Ҳ⡣ǣˣѾҸˡ棬ֻԸ࣬ûбϡ
ֵĬˡ
ҪҲΪκ˵ֻԼټ
ΪںӣҲҪǲҲ߱κץκ˽˺㡣
ʣ㲻ںӣ
ʵЩģԼںӦǡһںİɡ
ϾǸĸΡ
ϱӸٹ̵Ĺ
Ҳ˵ں̫ѨˣȻҪģҲֹڴˡǵҪԣ޶ȵġ
ֻ㣬ҪҲΨһһˡ
˵Ŀ棬ȴֻĪĻ
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66 

ǰӣһûаȫеˡ
ϱӳ˼ʮһյضãһ·Сغǻһ˵ϲʱĽź񶼻ǵá
Ҫ˵ƭ˵ġ
Ҳϲ
һǷǳ϶ģáֻܾ˴ѧʶƽ飬Ǻҵİ顣
ʵ֤Щʧȥ֮Ż֪жжʹ顣
֪ޱģȷ֮ԲӦ˼׷һԭǿ뱻Ǹ۵үүӡ
ҲΪû㹻İȫС
ǹ¶˺ĸܣȫ綼ҲûмҺˣʲôֻܿԼȡ̡
Ҳ˱ģԸ⸶飬ҲҽԼȥ
ⱲӣȻˣϱӻҪûаȫС
ֱ˱θȥϲʲôȥһݰ飿
ˣҵİʱ򣬾ǻֵ̿ģǵӵġ
ȻˣѾֳ˲˵̬ȡ
Դע΢Цûϵǻһӡ
̲סȭ˵ĿǷ
Գ˼ûйֿǷģΪʱһֱΪ˵δŬ
Ȼû˵ʱ϶Ժǻһġ
ȻȷԼӦĸ顣ܾǾԲԸܵġ
룬ǳԿڵʵȥϲŮӡ
ĿرΣգƵĶ͵͵˵Ļһ̲ס°߲ġ
һǰʵȷõһ㡣
䣬Ѿ˲
ͻȻֽ񱧺һ촽գԹԵģҲ˺㡣
ӦúµģȻȵػУȴĪİС
ʶĸо
֪ϲ
Ȼ֪ģֻǡʵԶȾΪҪ㡣
ֶ粻˵ûУûôŮɰ𣿵ǰоԲʲôҪĴڡ
ⶼòϵʱ򣬰Բе
Ҳˣİ۵ִƷḻƵǵ
õĹﻹûеġ
ԣĿǰֻҪžĴ֮Ѫֻܺӡġ룬Ǹûĸ
ôһȥҲﲻ㡣
ȻЩǲ֪ġ
գûи߰ںͰ㣬ֻֽ֪Լȥӣ뿪ˡ
Ϊ֪ʱ䲻࣬Ҳ飬ֱܴžԼ˸·˲͵Ŀĵء
ǰİˣѺǷ
ͷûбʺϵˣ·ĺʵһֻ󺣹ֻ꣬󺣹Զܿ콵ˣ岻ҵǲҲõĺǻ콵⣬ҩֲаڣЩҩֲ֮ء
մлعԶʱˣ۾ؿ
ͮͻܳͿһغ;˵ĳ档
˵ʵЩŵ
﷢ǣžһָ߰˵ںϾȵĵһ񣬸պûмң洬ҲںлˣҾͰǴ˹
˶٣Ҵ˴һ洬Ժʱس棬ˣҲմȡ
Ȼ˵ʵõȺǳӦþԼˣôһջ񣬻治һӦôĺӡ
̧ۿȥͮͻԵĺƤǼ񣬴ССһһݣɫн˪
֪Ӧ뿴ӣ
ҡһСӤЩҲЩ޴롣òƽ飬ЩôаƤкƤ
ȴǲ⣬̥ʱһЩҩݣ֤ǳĺӶǰƤ׳ĺӶǺƤᴫ֮Ѫ´ûٹˡ
ԣЩûҩݸԤ̥ĺӾǺڰײģ
Щ塣
ȸܵһһŮӤϴ϶һ̥ģҲ̥еٵһ
ͷȥһһףƤŮƤк
ǣŮرкرƫƫžȻ
´ĺӸպǱ鿪ʼʱЦӼֱܽȻˡ
һӱˡ
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67 

ȥӣæסǾأһͱ֣ĺҲ֡
ⷽǳ˲ٽѵˡ
һǺܿ׹ϱӵȷ˵ЩӤССȴһһ󡱣ǲܺϤЩ¶Ժĺӱȵġ
ԣҲ˵߸չ˵ò
ʱֿʼӡ
һ̥ģͱϴ϶ָŮӤ˵
֮⣬ϰ˵ʮһİ̥ĸкʮʮʮ̥ͬŮʮ嵽ʮ̥ͬһŮʮŵʮһ̥ͬŮһС
ӶˣҲ֪ôġ
ȻȿСǸкסˡ
硭
Ⱳӣ۵һۿľ磬˻ǵСͰʱģˣǰںͰҲΪʱ̫СǵˣǾǵá
ǵСеģ
ǰСкԲĺɫ۾Сɵཱུ촽һЦ¶ɫǺСͰСʱһģġ
һԵһ֪ܺõĸ磬ʵаƤֵͬܽùϵãⲢϡ棬ǲ֪һ硣
Ҳ֣ǰߡ
˵ģǸȥ磬һӡ
ܿͻعˣһЩ˵ģĻǱˡ
ΪǳҲСͰ
۵׵Ĺ⽥ȥȴֺܿڴ뿴ģ
ôСʱͰԶͣҪʲôģ
Ҫȡ֣
ЩĶҡͷǲˡ̫ӲãҪǱֵܽųˡ
ڸкӶ֡ǲΪԼˡ
Ѿֹһˣڹȥһҳģһ;ġ
˵ö¶˯һŴģҲһ˯
֪뷨һ㶣һı飬ȷûʲô뷨ޱ죬ĺܡ
ӦǾܾ
˵˯һŴҲٿ⣬¡˵϶ʦͨ
ɲᡣ
ܾˣﲻЩʧ䣬ҲûǿϾҪúϢˡ
ķǳ˼죬ֻصִĴûпյֻҲûвˡ
ڲԼտֻҪµʱŪһµǰ£СӻǺܿɰġ
ߺðɡЩ
ͷʵǳá絽ûִЩ߿ƼıӦӦҲܹһζ
Ȼ콵̫ˡ
ԼѾȫú콵Ǿ콵ܿ£ݲеĲ˵ͽ˵־
̫־جˡ
磬Ǿôģʲôʻ
ȺǴһ㣬ԼҳԵġԺǳˣϰҲãһֱҲãǵɡ˵
ÿɷ
ǲع壬ֲһֱﲻȥԼ齨һ塣
һ㶣ôͻȻ˵⡣
Ȼܿ죬ͼͱ¶ˡ
㿴ǿҲãҲãмʮϰˣǲǵøǻһʱüʵ
׹˼Щ壬˵ģ
Ȼأôഫ֮Ѫ˷Ѱֱ׳
Ȼ˵϶ϲӣǺϲԼ;Ѫܹȥġ
ӵȻԽԽá
岻ýֻܹͣķܱܡ
¾ǲ̫ܣֲùҲʮ»̥
ֻǡЩ̥ôϵģ֮ǰǱ𣿸ûпǸ
ʵҲֻ̣Ḁ̊́ɵǸ˲ʲôӵġ
ȴˣһ֧֧ܼ򵥣ֻҪǵĴ֮ʯഥˡ
£һҲŤ󣬶ϡ棬ִԼڵĶģ˵̶ֳȵ֫Ӵ
úܣϾϻԼǰѾǹˡ
ôһ룬һƵģָԺУʶӡ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôر뿴·ģ˲֪ٴΣÿһξ;ÿڸɲ롣
Ǳо̬µģǼˣʮ̥γɣɵˡ
ôô࡭
ҲĿɿڴˣ·뵽֮ǰһ꼦ɹĳʱͷƤ
-

68 ׽

ʮŸ̥
üôôࣿ˵֮ʯҲɶʮδ֮Ѫ𣿡
Щһ£˵ʵǿ֮ӵĴ֮ѪܶȸߣȻֻ̥Ҫһδ֮ѪҲдСְ֮
ãˡ
㷭ۣȻָԱһ̥ô࡭ô죿
ôûʶҲ֪ʮŸ̥еĺӶƾǾչ˲ġ
ʮˣôչ˵ϰٸӤ
СӤСʱҪһ̣ҹҲ⣬ʱ򣬱Ǵ˲˯ƶбĺӡ
ˣҵóźûȥѰڵľޣöҵչ˺ӡ
ҲҪҼЩ
ԥε治˷Ѵ֮ѪҪĻһӶΪЩ±ˡ
ҲԥˣǺܿ죬ͼᶨû£ͺˣʱǴˣܹչ˵ܵˣҲһ¸顣
ûͯĸĺչСӤʲôԡ
ԣȻһ뵱Լĸôʱڸʲôû뷨ˡ
ˣףѺӸϱһǲǺˡ
ųԭǱûӦû£æ
չСӤ̥չǱȽʡµģֻҪӪҺٰ̥ݽȥͺˡ
һһٸû
֮ǰ׼ĶҪ׼á
󺣹Ĺʵǳ󣬱޴Ҳռ֮һҵλá£ϵǳ񣬱عƶף涼Ǻ˵һ⣬ȫòգЩʳ߲Ӧûûġ
Լ뷨ûֻǡ
ؼû˻ᰡһΪѵ
һᡣ
ϱѧ԰רҵٺũҵЩϵ߹¶ԺΪԸڸĻĵ˲߲ˣûٸŲֽˮʩʣЩרûȣҲ൱ڰũˡ
ԵûлɣϾǱľԵĸ֮ӶڼҲģҲ;Ϊʵǿŵ⡣
Ҳأⷽ棬ż಻ѹҲ˸ǰġ
ǰ˵ģľ֮Ҫ취һרüܡ
˽ҲȷʵôһܣȻΪûᣬһֱûԹεǸպܹһԡ
취һЩӣǴСӣײ˾²ܲʲô߲Ҳơ˶٣ֽйҲһЩСӶϲˮ
ϸϸ£ʵԼûʲôҪģ
콧֮ȻÿܴӼ쵽һʼʽ𣬵ЩǮûỨõĶǼṩʽƷ
ûٸЩŮϲĶʳƯ·ʲôġ
ַûʲôչҲȫûУҵĻܹҵġ
ҡͷûʲôҪģźӾСϱӣҪĶⱲӡ˰ɡ
û飬ĶܿϵҲࡣ
ԣЩģܾþԼ˵ӵµʱ˾ر׽
ͷ·𡭡ܵģκ˶޷롣
֪뷨ֽҪ˻ĻһЩֵصġ
Ҫ˹չ˺Ƿǳ׵ġ
ͷȷûҪˣֵߵ뿪ˡ
һߣǾԼûʲô¸ɣ̥ͮͻչˣǻһнǰգ룬ȥҰˡ
Դ֮ǰԭһ֮󳤽٣ǹӷףߵһֱͦʵģû˹ҲûţûŸɻǰһҩֲһҩ
ʲôҩʵ
ڽһͰһɫҩ֭һ߽һ漷һֽ֭
ѯʣԵӪҺҾͮͻõӪҺ̫á
⻰ûԴͮͻõӪҺ䷽Ǵǿƴģ˵ãǼͨõĶΪȻҪǵɱ⡣
ߣΪĴڣҩֲⶫĲȱܹðɾ졣
ȰӪҺãҲ󳵵Ķˡ
һʱ㽫Ŀ䵽ͷ޴÷¹ϣһǲڵ÷¹
ͷŽĻպñҸˡҺҶǮˡ
Щ٣ǰھϣһΪӻĶϸˡ
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69 

ֻ޴÷¹ȴԥµֻ𣿡
˲ͿˣǲģһҪһˡ֮ǰֻ̥ڵľޣǶʮŸ̥ȥŪֻ߰ڵľޡ
֮⣬ﻹһ޲Լһƽ
Щԭǿˣ˵ǳԱǾʹӦˡ
һƽʮˣ˵˼ңʮ࣬СҲʮһˣܰæɻˣῴҪһʱ䡣
Ҳû£ӻҪһʱŻ²
ˣﻹһӡ
ˮСӣǸ߲ˣҲЩ򵽵ҶˡˣӳȡһҪĹ磬Ĳ࣬ҷ˲ٹҵҲƻӡ֡
Ҳˡͦġ
˵Сʱڵ¹㳡ʱһ궼ѳһˮģҲǳǣؼˮⶫڴﲻʵݣֲ˵⣬ӰѵԶʵݡ
ȾӶȡ֪˶ܹΧˣɱЩ壬ЩԼʧܡ
ֻʱҲð˸ߣֻӲͷƤϡ
ָϣ֮ӣ
һ˲䣬ǵصĴ̳ǰȻγһ޴ĺˢڵλá
ȵʧڳ˶סˡ
񳤸ˣ
ֹˡ
ҿкöҩֲ˳
ģЩҲ̫ïˡ

ҲЩ㵣ʵǡʧˣֻǣС߲Źˣ˳һҲˣȻһƬҰݡ
ᣬ˾һƬĿɿڴ
Ц´εðѵطһûһա
ЩµôҰݣô죿
򵥣ľ޶ʳݵģպһƬŵǵĿ
δֻ÷¹ȵһֻɽһͷˮţ
˿Ȼʣˮ߲ˣЩˮСôգ
ĲᣬϱҲһЩӰп˼ʳһҲġ
شҲδƽӦö
Ҳᣡʱ򣬰ڵǴǰֹʳȻ͵ָǶո
պҲһЩũ߻϶ĲĶʼæµ
һ۱¹ȥܾòᣬҲò뿪ˡԭǱߵƿˣԼҪǲȥںͰҪץϹˡ
뿪ʱ򣬾ǴɵЦġ
ܾãԼһԴء
ٴ̤ȴѾ֮ˡ
ʱȥû˵Ǻӵ
ҵĻ͸ɰСŮһɫƯ䣬ױһƵ˾Ļ
ӭŮЦݣЦллҺϲ
ҵĿҵġһСкЩçײĳһĺݾٵǰҵĺݸƯ滹д󺣵ŶҲ͸
ûü̬һһӽСкˡ
һȺֺþںͰ㶼סˡ
Ȼ֪ｫӶ棬ۿ𾪲ѡ
ʵǡ̫ˣۿȥĶǺӡ
һ˲䣬ͻȻر塣
òװЩӣתͷôﲻɣ
ǲ̲ס
ǣЩӿҸˡȻΪĹϵܵõĸרעİȴܹʻ⡣
ɻ֮ǰ˵ǿǵôǽӷŵǾͲõڵ¹㳡̭ˡ
ںͰһۣҪ˵Ķƭ˵ġ
롣
ǲ֮ӣôЩ۵Ĵ֮ѪҲôΣȴһֱûϽ壬Ҳû˽̥ǹǵ˵Щ
ȻЩǸڡ
ˣһ£סպڸİʵأ
ֱҩֲӦ
ԣ˵ŰںͰ㿪ʼ
ȻĪҲȥ
ȻеɻڿǸСкʱ򣬶Ȼֹˡ
ˡ
ںۿ⺢ӣ񣡡
۵ĺǵǸúСͰΪƵĺӡںͰǵСͰӤʱڵģȻʱӡȴǾġ
-

70 ֮ĩ

ۻعͷ˦Сવ˹žȿĵʲôʱģôû֪ͨң
˵棬ȴһպͲˡ
ЦҸյ֪ЩʱΪԴףһһֶ֣ðշִ磬Ҳõġ
ںͰᶼˣһתתؿۡ
˵˻Ựȥдҵˡ
⼸꣬˲ˣмԭм֮ӣǲиĻεʦѵǵĽ֮Ҳʲô
߳ںͰѾȫƲסһ۾һĬĬˡ
ɬزУЩʵ۳Ҳ֪糤ʲôģˡ
ԣǶ
૵Ҹոʵ뱧ǺӣǡСͰСʱû˱
Сʱû˱ģʱˣ۵ҲܣҪôֵܽñȥҪôԼ
ͻȻѧʱСͰģ
ãһѧ
ʱЩźģԼϱûѧһЩŵⱲӣԭʼģҪҸʦɣֻԼ
˲˵أһ𼱻ǵˣ˵ͰѾ˻
һ㶣漴ЩǸʲô
⼸꣬˵Ĺϵ׽˲١ﵽǸˣ¾ϣӵЩһˡ
һʼڣҲư˰ɡ
ЩȱģԸܾȫȫİ⣬Щ̰
ֻǣŰںͰһ¡
ôԼˣһںͰ˸۵ӡ
ֵӣû˵ʲôֻҪ˶úãܱЩʲôҪ
Щ֮꣬¶˫ν֪֪һͷԲܣȴܲˣھͱ˴Ҷһֻ۱һֻ۵
ˣĹϵһʼǱŤ棬ȵҲϰˡ
ƿԼһξ룬Ȼſڵ㲻Ҫæ𣿡
æҲûҪȻ
һɵؿòַ峤ĸ˰ɣ
һҲصһ굽ͷҲǵ㼦ëƤ¶
ðɣǿƵ峤
ε
Ǵһȼٵģһӣ²˵Ҳζˡ
Ĳ˵⼸ԾռһһǿҲͰںͰƢã˫ûͻ
û뵽ǣһζĶȼ٣Ҳ;ˡ
ͬʱ̵ʱ򣬾ﻹûж룬ֻɺϣȻ崫ϴϢ˶ˡ
ôˣ飬㲻ɴչ
ȿ崫ϵϢҲˡ
һ˼ضϵϢ飬콵ʥɽ
תͷʲô˼²⣬ȴôҲš
ɫ뵽ģ֮ĩˡ
ν֮ĩգ˼֮ӵĩգ磬ÿǧҾͻһΣѭ
ģ紫˵飬ʥɽǲʥɽͻʥأͻͿ̿ȻҪʥɽͻʥأҪ֮ӵȥ
ٿؿ򰢺ںͰ㣬°ɡ
һ˾˼
Уһ𣡡ͬ
ȴһݾܾ£
ȰںͰܾ¶£Ҫҷġ֮ĩղͬûܱ磬ȫˡ
ںͰһۣ׷¶˿Ц
Ƕô뱣ôΪֵʹ࣬Ȼ
áڼҧźӦġ
۾Ѿˡ
߰ɡ
ʧʵӰͻȻصع£͵һȭȥ޵Ǹ
ޱ飬ֻȭ˫ѾѪ߰ˡ
һ½ͷ˲Ѱƺ˽꣬Ŀ֮ƽ޲̵ͬ
һҪһҪǿƣʱȻҪֿġ
㱣ء
ȴסǲġ
һ㶣òŵҾ
Ȼ˵ȴֻһʹͷ·ʲôõ齫Ҫһ
ָоĪܵҪסſȴ֪˵ʲô
֪뷨һͻӰʧԭء
-

71 

صǵʱ򣬳ѾһƬˡ
һ·һʺãһָе֮ᶼڴС
ҵ飬һ·㼯˼ͬϻ֮ӣһ𵽴˴á
ҲһƬ֣˵Żʱʱӡʥɽۡ
ҷǳȻģڳһ֮ӵ鲢ǱֳƽغĴ£˭ֹܹˮ
ǡʱ۳ǵ
̧ͷһȻ۳ǵˡ
һߴȺǼϣһʵǾȻôϻˣ
ǵȻˣҲС̾
֪顣
ȻһԵķλþ콧յϢġ
¶أЩӵλʲô𣿡
۳ǿЦʥɽγų콧ǱǸҪʥɽͻʥؾ͸ˡ
Ļһξʥɽ㲻֪ʱ˹ɫص
ʥɽ
סˡ
֪¼У֮ĩսʥɽҲһΪ˽ʥɽͻʥأ֮ӼûҴ档
˿ڿˮʵһνʥɽʲôԵģ
һԡһԡһԡһԡش
ĬȻˣԣһֱһйԣǺӦġ
ˮϢѾ˵𡢺֣лɽǶϵҲѾˮֺ͵𡣰ʷأʥɽֻҪʮ֮ûнʥɽͻȥ˾ͻ⡣
ԣļֱһס
һߣ׳ǵûǺö٣Żصأͱؽȥˣ˵һô
ü⻰Ӧɣͷӵı֪ʲô
سĬƬ̺˶֪ɳʥأһУԵ֮ӻȴֻܻʣһ֮ӣʱ򡭡
ǰ㣬Ŀȵؿʱǿƾлһٽ̲ȻΪ峤µľ˿ָժʱͿԽõƽϴӴֻʣʺǿƵѪûЩƽۣ콵츳ҲƣڱӶõԵĺƽͰ
峤ȻԼˡ
üҵþһ£ܹɳʥص˲ֹңо
һ¶Ȼˣʼͷһ㣬ԲŻὫ°߶Բԣ
˵Ѿŭɫ
ôҪ鱨Ȼڣ
ŭ䶼û䣬һ㻹ǷЩưɡ
ǸȻ֪ʵǲģ֪˶ϾǾֻķݡ
˵ٺãԼ󣬹ƾһ仰ѱ䡣
뵽زһѪԼʲôȻôһ쵰
գʺǿƲԼͬ콧
Ÿ߿ͬ˺һһӣƬͬһɽʣһ֮ӷ׷
ʱ˿̣еսʿؼ壬ԭҫ֮ȡĺɫɭֶˡ
ͺĿӶԷһʱ˭ûпڡ
֪˶ã̾˿ҽе֮ӶˣԼжʮһˡ
صǿƵ֮Ҳˣһʮˡ
ⷽ棬ȴ˭ûв˽
Ȼ۵жԤϣ֮˳ͻ
Ǳ뾡жԽ罫ʥɽͻʥأܱʹ
Ҳͬ⣡Ե²ܼôһһ㾭飬Ҳ
ȻҪȸƽ񣬶ȴʱ䣬ĸƽ
ǿ?أ㲻Ҫ˽ǰǵĸ롣ȥκһ֮ĩյļأȱǶҪսپ
?ͣ˵Щûʵĵֻ֪Щƽ֮ӵҪһٱһǧûúΪǰðյĵ
ֱ
ֲأ

λ峤ôһ֮ӵ泳üҪҪڣȴס֣ҡҡͷ
ĪأͼһƤͷسûУ
ͺһͣһ
ʱߵĶϲĹؼӦÿ컹ǡ֮ӽȥʥɽͻʥء
Ƚ⣬
-

72 

ֳһƬ
ôͷһͺ侲ˡ
Ȼȱ˵ʲôƻˣһһ
⻰ż㣬ȴҲû취ˡ
һתصʥɽɽţط֮ӵĻûġ֮ӣҲܡ
ӭһһϯ𶯣ֻñ¶Ƥʹתͷ˿ˡ
ȻָоĲֻһˡǺõģЩʵ֮ӣƤѾʼгѪˡ
ʥɽİϾֱӺʥɽںϵģȻʥصʥɽͽ֮ʥɽ£ǰȴǿբˮ⣬ӿˡ
Եʥɽ׵⣬ŤŷɳԵʥɽ޴ӣӿѹŷͷŭԵʥɽΪĿʱʱе⽣ӰԹ·ӽͻᱻпԵʥɽͬѻɵĶħŻ˻
ʮ֮ӳУ
غͷͷͬ
䣬˫һվ˳
֮ӵʲܻͣʮֻҲˣվĲ࣬ԼĪҲˡ
ʮ֮ӳУ
һվ˶ˣԼĪжʮˡ
ʮ֮ӳУ
ŶУһҲ٣ʮˡ
ʣµģЩֻʮ߰С֮ӣԼĪҲи
֮ӸֳĸŶӡ
ʱʼλĳϻߵǰ档
ƳǿЩûһʮĳ϶飬ЦأǾȰ㣬Ҫ̫
˭֪λкЩ϶뷨ڼзʲô֪֮Щûһġ
⻰λεĳ
ƤҲȴ
ܿ죬֪ǵĴˡ
Ϊ֮ӣһһ˲µͬһ㣬ʼӿԼٶȻ޴ķסʥɽһȦһȦ֮زס
зɳǧͬʥɽס
Ȼĳϡ峤ϡϷ׷׳ÿ˶ܲסʥɽ
һжӳغͷͬʱ
Ȼ󣬾ͼ֮˷ܣʵʵؽʥɽסˡ
һȥɡϿڵ
ͽſڶصһΣʾͱ
һǱ
ԣסˡ
ÿ֮ĩգ嶼ᾡܱһ֮ӣΪ´֮
ΪҪӦ峤˭֪
֮ĩ֮һε峤ߣỺȴᶨ
ʱˣȻȴ˵£ǵһܲЩܲܽʥɽͻʥأҪˡ
һߣȴǿƵ峤ˡܲͬҪƽ뷨ȻһȴһҪһҪʺǿƺϲֻгΪһ壬ܼ˫ͻҲܽƽ˻øá
һΪ⣬ҧҧͲһ𣬳Ϊһˣ˳صİ£Ѻӽӵչˣ
ɫһ١
Ǿ˵ȥغ
˵Ŀ£ͻһʣҲ˳˸߿ա
ڴͬʱеʥɽһһ߿նȥ
ΨһþҵǣߵĻȻǲѺãȴٺòˡ
ʥɽЩܣպܳΪ֡
Ĺ󶨣Ϊֹ֮Ӷûг
ʥɽԽԽӽĿӣ·˵Ķ
һǵӶȥ
ֻһˡ
쵽ˡ
ͣ
֮£̲סС߶
Ȼغͷ͵ɫȴ̫ãϸżֱɫ
ϲȥˣɫѿֻܳˡӵĿӸ֪ʲô֮Ҳû취ȥ
ԣϵȴ⣬ĿɨΧһ֮ӣǣҽһ̰ɣ
û˵˶ɫصص˵ͷ
Ȼ󣬾ͼ֮⣬ǳĿС
ͬʱŵʥɽҲںʥɽ
תͷΣ
ĹЩϣҪЦ
û£Ŀǰúá˵һ룬ϵЦһʧˣãһ㵵ؿڵӡȫϿˣ
-

73 Х

ȴ⡣
ʵϣͲµˣ֮ʣҲΪнңϣܹ⡣
ȴǴסˡ
ˣô׵ءˣ
ûһ̣еĴš
ȻĿ⿴ʣµ֮ӣǲϣʣµЩˣȻᶼ³
ЩУֻʮĺӡ
ˣһ۵ϣȴû˿ʺͲԸͷ·𣬽µȻ
ʱ˿̣û˿ޡ
˶϶ԼܿҲΪ֮һˡ
һߣھĵطҲһѡ
ԭƽĺͻȻ֮俪ʼһʼΪǱҪˣҲû⣬󺣹ⷽúܣÿζܿٶ㿪
ȻһΣȴԤϴˡ
ԽԽŰԽӿ󺣹겻ζȴʼûнƽĺ֮󣬰ںͰʶԡ
ѵǺХһɵ
ԣ˷׷һȻ¶̿֡
ˣʮа˾ǺХˡ
мˮ֮ӵģԭ¼ˣþƣǻָΪ˹ǵĽǽд塣
ʱ˿̣֮ȷӦ֪Ķ͵ַЩĺǵ˩ϣ
ؼʱ̣Ƕִ磬໥ԹԵڼָ£Ǻ«һֵܽǶ˨һ
Ƕ˩ˣֽ֮Щ˩Լϡ
ΪϵǷǳͷֱˤһ֮ϡ
мһˣҲ޷ȡദϿǾûа취ˡ
ֹˣǻǰӤ
ںͰҲǰӤҲ뽫˩źӵϵʱȴ֮סˡ
ˮ֮ӣܹˮɳȴ㡣ʱǱûֻúΣա
ԣһҲǣҲûм֡
ѾӤЩ̥ǱȽϺôģںˮУֻҪûܵشվܹ֢ûС
鷳ȴЩƽ
ͮͻ軹ã˶ٻЩֵģǰˡ
Ƕȥʱ򼴱кХҲǰȫġ㺣ˮӵǶץ⻹ǲġ
ͰȻ֮ӣ˵ʵ治ΣΨһҪעľϵĸӤ
ⳡХ˵̬Ǻֹ۵ġ
ȻȺХǲŷԶΪҪء
ΪʥɽĺХԶ֪еĺХҪӿɲ
˭Ҳû뵽ǺХĺоȻǴܵģ
ںͰ֮һֵʼûо̫Զ
Ϊ˱ϴӤ϶־ֻ°ںˮС֮⣬˻Դһ°ǡ
һߣ֮ȴЩʧߣϵȻҲȻ˩ϵĺȴʲôûУ
ЩһѾʼд壬ǲŶ󣬼壬Ҳֻǿȵģټϱףܲû̫ĵֿ
֮ƴȫʹΪǵֵȻǵ޵ģ˺棬ʼк˻ԣϿദһЩֱӳ˺ס
һȺ˶ۣȻȴֻš
ۡǸССӰһһ뺣ף۵׳Ѫ˿ȫſסԼû׷ȥ
̲סֱӿ˳ЩǾĺӰ
ǿһЩǲǾܱþĺˣ
һһҹ֮󣬺ָƽֵǷһץŰ쿴ǣǧ򡭡һҪǣ
һΣΪֵıΪƽ֮һʱ˵ѪĺǰԼϵҩ
ڼ֮֮ӣȻ죬Ȼ˵ĺӻûġ
ҵǣ˵Щ뺣׵ĺӣЩ˵ĺӶ˻
ϣһȺ˼Ǳͷʹޡ
ͳ뿪ǰƣŴ󺣹ϽȥغǱߣ
һХغǾ½ӣ֮ǰˡ
ҪϢ;𣿡һ֮ӿʵ
ںͰһۣһʱЩԥ
󣬻ǰɣûʲôġţֻҪʹţ;ԲԼ
һһŻصǵߡ
ѾˣԲ
-

74 Զһ

ԵʥɽͻʥأͺȴûһתƵڶʥɽ
Ϳڵ鿴ļ¼˽һʥɽѾǼΪߵЧˡ
оĹͣ⡭ܻʮ֮ӣһûһˢӵģȵЩˣɲһЧˡص
һ㷼Ҳ֪
ʱ򣬾ϴŵĴͻȻʼ̡óһʱˡ
ͼֻһ仰ХʮһƽʮҲС
ֻ౻ʲôصһ£۵Ӷʼˡ
Ҫı𣿡
һĪ棬˿ͻȻС
κģΪԼ˴
Ҫı𣿡Ǹٴʵ
㡭˭۾૵
˵ֻиĻشͿԡǸҾ硣
ʲô磿
һĪ
Ǹϰ߽

֪ϱӿЩС˵С
˿ڿˮҪôı磿
һƬĬãԳſڵԸΪ˸ʲô
һҪ֮Ӷ𣿡ʥ˵Ļ
ǻʵЩĶģǽ֮Ӷɱ⡭һܻҲֵõġ
ϧ˼ǰ󣬽Լûʵ
ΪԼõһ϶Ĵ𰸣ȴҪ֮ӵҪǿ?
ΪʲôŸʳʶԼЩŬƽһ飬ظʵΪʲô
һΣȴҪƽˡ
һὫܵıԴ㣬ܹ֮Լ֮ʯϵܶһȻͻʥءӴˣҲ֮ӣҲ콵ǣǿ?⣬ϵ޷ع顣
ĬãʵأҪΪ֮𣿡
ҪڵܣջܱԴʱԶع顣
£ײ˵ˡ
֪˶ãǸֵģ㻽ңҸԴܹܱԴǿ?ʵǿ̫ˣ޷ȡܡ
ǵţȻʵŵġ
ֻǡ
һ롣
ʱ򣬾Ϳڷ
һ˲Ĳڡ
û룬ΪХģǣ׵ѹԺиຢӵġ
Ĳɵص˵ͷ
֮˵һЩȴû˼
ٳٶۣҲԾˣֱץסļ򣬵ͷôˣ
˫۾ʢĵǣͻȻ۾ʵԸΪ˸ıȥ𣿡
Ը⡣Ҳ
ɫֵԸΪȥ
˵⻰ʱϻɵЦ⣬Ȼ˵ġ
˵ģԥ
һʹȴҲ¶˾ġ
˵Լа취ʥɽͻʥأʱ򣬷ͺذλز
˵ǣҲסˡ
㲻˵Ц֪Ϊʲôֻʲôʧˡ
ȴǶŷͺصһԡ
ͬʱʵȷʧ𣿡
ֻҪɱԷ϶
ǿʼɡ
ھҪغͷȻûоܾ
ľ֮ս񣡡
ʮ˵Ŀ£һɫĹӾڷɳһ޴Ӱ
Ȼ󣬾ͼʣµʥɽɽǵӰ֮УȻ˲˽ȥ
ǡʱڳ˵ڷɳȻžȥٺӰںϡ
ԽԽۣǵӰԽԽʵһ˫ʵ˫
ʱڵʧڳ˷׷ʶʲôǷͺأ˶һ㵡
ѵ
֣һȥʥغòã
ﶨ룬͵ΪҪܾʱͻȻסֵá
һ˲䣬ᡣ
ľ֮սȶ˫·ǣֵ˴Ŀӡ
һʥأľ֮սͿʼǧܱ
˾ۿ⿰ƹһĻû˿ڴƬá
Ϊʲôľ֮ս񳹵ʧ￪ʵ
΢΢𴽽ǣЦȻµˡ
ȻشҪܹҸ
Ϊҵ
һߵѪһʡ
۵׼Ҫıˣ̲סᣬԲ𡣡
ޱؿóһذףЩط֣㵽˴ʱû¶ľܾ
Ȼһ̣ɫȻˣǷһ˹ȥסµˣһ𾪵صؿŲĿڵذס
еһ˲ͺ¡
ץ֣ʹص㡭Һòã
ĵıһ˲ȫƽԼİŮˣã㡣
ǻԶһ𲻷ֿ
δ䣬Ŀɫâը˿
-

75 

ֱܾúܾԺ˲ţˡ
ʱ򣬰ڸһȺԴĺιС
û֮ˣսʿʵǲӰġ֮⣬ԭ֮Ҳǲ٣˵ʧȥܣܴǿȴûлصȥǲǿߡ
ıˣһʱЩʴӣ󣬷ͺİ壬ҵδĵ·֮ǰһǺԭվɡ
˵ƻɸΪˣʵϡվɴڡ
ԵĲ˵ȻջأЩҩֲȴڣҿԤģԺԽԽ١
д֮ʯǰⶫǴΪԴҲ֪˭Ҫ档
ˣ˫Ҫǲܵġ
дɽЩޣһԼԼúΪѡ
ںͰ㣬ȴѾˡ
ԭһıأ͸ˡĥţǿԺҲܽɲš
Ժû֮ӸǴ壬Ҫǿֻܿҩֲˡ
ûˮ֮ӵвд󺣹ڣ͸ȫˡ
峤ô˵㣬ڿʵ
һȺȥϴ裬Ȼſڵ峤˵ˣ֮ʯԷһǣϣĺԺܻع塣
ܶռһ֮ʯõ£뾡ܴ¸Ѫ
㲻Ӧ˰ɣһ
ҡͷֻ˵úǳԼ
˶٣ֵһ峤֧ͬԮһ֮ʯ˺峤һҪҲͬĻش𡣡
¶ɣǣô峤
ӣ˵峤׷峤λȥһʱİԡ
ţ¶档
㳶˳ǵ˵峤Ϊ̲ʣѾ峤ѡ峤ʩչмƣɹˡ
۾ˣʲô
˵峤ʱǸɵ𡣡һĸԸ峤סǿƼ壬ֱĵƣ֪ࡣ
˶٣峤ԭǸ֮ǿںǿ֮ʯǿƼ壬ǻǱŲɹʵġ
ٺ֪ˣ峤˹֮ӣƾͼƷΪǿ˺һ⡣
ʲô⣿ʵ
򴽣˵峤ǻӦϣ㽫ǿƼĿضԲˡ
峤峤ĺ棬ȳŽӻ˼塣ȻӺ峤С
֮֮ҵĺܡ峤ĺˣ峤ǱƳ˺ˡ֮ǰ޽ӣ峤峤Ǻ޶峤峤ȴǰޡ
ãˣ֮Լ峤ԿͶˡ
ڷĵ
γȥ˴һĴ֮ʯӰ˵Ķ½³ĸֲƥԭûгԵõġ
һ˺ܶⶫǰԡˮˮƷֿɶˡ۹Ҳǵһοر𡣡
·ϣиǳذ䣬һȺڳĴ𳪸裬ˮԣһȥ֡
иСʢʻȥʱڿʻչЩһһƯ
´ׯҶʼׯ󣬻ڳ㡣ǰߣĻĵض࣬ȴǵء
ǰЩƽĺӣһƤǣŶˣҲˡ
ϰյӱˣ峤˵㿪ʼʵ˰

һһ˵˭ûвͷ˺棬ȴ𽥺ۿ
µ磬ĺܺãĺ౶
ȻǾڶã
ڣ㣡ǿ̥ѿˣǵĺҪˣǡʱϷͮ
һ㶣Ӧæȥ
һĺӲоĺӣԼԭǼ֮ӣЩƽĺӡ
Ϊһӵ̫ຢӴһæȥĴ֮ѪѪһʱ̥ʣ١
ûнһһӤ˲Цˡ
ȥ֮󣬾ͼһȺСѾ絽һؿŸճĵܵá
еĴȹӣеĴƯ黨еĴŽʵСƤѥЩǰ򰢺ڳȥʱġ
Ѿһڵİ㣬һȺСѶΧ

ûиǴ
ǹ𣿡

һںУȴиСŮʵ㣬µĵܵãǮ𣿡
Цˣ˺ܶǮǳ´ࡣ
ǲ֪ǵĸĸ͸һݶôõ
-

76 

ȣȣ
ģ԰ĲƺУŮֱ۰Ȼ˯ɫĳƽɢУɫĳȹƮɢһأ¶СȺʹźɫƤЬСš
ȻĿȴ˫ⴹڲƺϵ֡
ʵ˫̫ƯˣͷͣŨжȣָ޳һ
ͷڷһ㡣
ѩЩ
ȻܿͻعŮ˯𣬲򴽣ȣѣʲôʱˣ˯
㣿ЩԺ۾˸Ƿ˿գǻ𣿡
ȲǱˣִҶأҲľ
û͵һ֮ٴ۾
˵ѩˣҽȥ
ˣ
üҪ֪С󣬼ﶼûˡŶҲԣЩھڵĻﻹй˵ġ
ǲҵĵ̣Ķǲˣܿˡ
ȴû
׽ģཻģȥȥֻЩˡ
ԣֻھӰݷã費ѩԼлȥѩҲ᲻˵
ⱲӵļһߣżɫݶҰɫǽڵƯ󷿣һƬռǳĻ԰
Ϊ԰̫ˣ˿ˣҪѩ
ǽݵʱ򣬼һƬڡ
ΰ?Цźһλŵʿ˵ף˫̥ܵҲţһ?ڸ˵衣
ΰϵЦˣһԵĺؽܵҵСŮȡ
ֶȽܵ?½ǰְѧԺʱõѣʥѧԺʦһɡ
ԣ¶Ȼ֪˵ԭˡ
½塣ȹɵغ
Ŀ䵽ϣϵЦԼôæû񣬵´ȥʥѧԺٸ㲹ϡ
Ȼ
ЩΡ
ע⵽Ůı飬ΰٺһЦ
ֻǰȴûжû³һٷΰôǼ뿪ˡ
ְ֣ûʲôҪ˵𣿡˫ֻأϾؿԼⱲӵĸס
ΰӣЩֺõʥѧԺͦõϲǣԺԻȥʥѧԺѧϰĻȴǷǳѵõģǾô̫ϧˡ
ͷۼˣ֪ϲǣڲ뿪ǡʵ̰ƽȥڡ
úùӲ𣿸ʲôǵóȥ
磬ίʵûκ׳־ֻǺúϡ
һԵҲڵǰȵôƯԺһܳΪʦ͵Ĳܣɲ׷
ȻûпڣһһֱĬѩ̲סְ֣裡ܲܶΪ޿ǿǣ
һ˵Ŀⶼ䵽ϡ
𷢱۵һãȻ˰ĲŷӦĿǰʲôָ㣬ȥʥѧԺѧʲôϵ
ѩһɸֵȵֵ̥ͬܣδɷôͺûйϵˣ
ȵ˵ˣԺ󲻻޸ޡ۲ԭ£ܴԽٴܲˡ
£Ĳ²⣬Ļ򴫳вͬԭ֪൱ڵ嶨ܣҪDNAĻԼ˵̥ܣȴûκѪԵϵġ
ͨ׵˵ֻ˸׻ĸ׵Ļ
磬ֱ޴ãֻˡĺֻ̥Щ̥Ĭϵķޡ
Ļ˵ֹһΣ޻̲ס¶ʧ䣬ѩȴһŭ
е㻹СԺ뷨ͻıˡ
첻Լ뷨Զı䣬ֻ˵ҪôţҪô¡
Ψһŵģžѩˡ
ΰ￴޵ȷֿĻҲȥѧԺ½ȥʥѧԺѧԺܹȡġ
ʵϣЩεģ̥ӣǵһ̥ǵڶ̥һǿһһһڴӺСŮְֺޣ᲻ǿǡ
£ԼһϵѪвȥ
ԣ޵Ц⣬һȣȻΰһŬġ
ѩЩ߷ߵؿһۣǵؿޡ
Щܹ뿪⸴ӵļͥϵȥʥѧԺƺҲûʲôã
-

77 ħ֮

ҹ˾ȴһ˯ҲûУŴʵ¹⣬ǰδеƽ
ķǳǳϲ硣
ͬгȻĳȻսԱģȻļֵڴ졣
ĳȻħ֮֡
ħַ֮Ϊ֣һʱ֣֮һ֮֡ǰߵӵʱħʱ䵹ˣʱͣͣʱӿ죬ﵽǷ켫֮ΪʱʦߵӵħָĵطУܽԭֱӱɸƷﵽǷ켫֮Ϊʦ
˼壬ħֵ֮Ĺؼһ˫֡ÿ˶ӵħֻ֣֮ǻǿУʱֳֵ֮ļԶԶ֣֮νǷëǡ
жһ˵ħ֮Ǻǻǳ򵥣ֻҪƯƯ֪ˡ
˶һ˫Ư֣֮ǰӣԿ䣬־ûгдŶƵǺÿ
ǷŵⱲӣȴǸҸˣֶÿ
ȻⱲӵ֣ѾǺÿܹݵˣֱƵƷ
ʱԼԼֶԣŵ˵Ѿڷˡ
ͷ֡
ҲΪСǵ˶϶ħ֮һǳǿ
ȱˣЩûס
ȻΪԵɣҲ
˵ħ֮˵Դ츳ѣȴҪʱ䡣Խǿ츳ѵʱԽ෴츳ԽʱԽС
ȽѾʮˣʼûоѵļ󣬵ޣʮʱ;֮֡
˵ΰﶼʮʱѵģѩʮһʱѵģҲ֮֡
Ǹûҳߵĸʢ˵ʮžѵģһ˼Ϊʱ֮֡
Ⱳӵļˣȵ鲻Щӡ
ΰԸĸȻΪǳ˵Ĺϵ޷ĺһǣǳµ۰£Ȼиġ
ȻѩޣȴһҲ׽ǰΪԷСͶ߶Ҫ޺ãһһظԺ޵ӡ
һλ㣬Ȼϲ
οѩԼûвȴܹоޣʵżֲϲԼʵġƽҲٻƫޣ޵ĹԶڶ
ޡһúӣԸ񵥴󣬶ΡȻԺɷһ㣬ȶԶ֮ˡ
κΡԺΪޡڴһʼ޸
һѩָ̫䵭Ҳʧ䡣
ʵȾãѩһٶؽָ޶ԲǺ£û⺢ԽĬû
ȻȥܣҲᡣ
Ȼ˵ô࣬ף֮ԺѩԼܲ˿͹۵ЩԭҲΪûԸ
ϱ̫֮ˣⱲӣٺй̵ˡ
Ⱳӣɵعһӣ棬ܵܣٱ̫ࡣ
ͬһʱ䣬ͬһӵһУΰҲźйص¡
ʱϣʢһ̥ѩһ̥ĻǾͲˡΰ̾
ԵΪûҲ֪ԺʢҲۣѩڻ߲ȥҲۣȺޣӵδҲʡӱһɢģʢһ˵Ժ󲻻ޣġ
ΰ﷭˸ô죿ܲǿȺӰɣ˵ûãϺĽˣ
ԣʱһ顣
Ϻ˵ǵõãǵԼҵ̥һ츳ڣȴΪƽӹԸϣҲϲȴǸƺ«ϵǼΪϲȴһֱϲ˵ʮ궼ûн顣˵ĸĸһֱҪǽ飬ȴЭֱǵĸĸȥǰһֱǸϽ顣䣬ǵĸ׵ûб۾ʵĿھΣϺɿڴӦ޸ϺܺãȴһֱѻԭʰЦԽԽĬҲ֪ôչģ֮ϻдӸɽ֮Ծ£һʬҲڴܴ֮·ˡ
ԸԼĺһӵҲҪúһ³
-

78 ѧ

Ⱳӵرϲ˯ֻҪϺϲȥ԰˯Ͼ͸Ҫ˵ˡ
˯ϣˡ
⺢ӡЩΣҲ֮УԴȥȽѩ˯ɣҵȻһȡ
ϲţ̣˾ɱ嵰㳦ĴŮСӲͬСŮʹԼɷһͶϲ࣬Ըּ֮ʳ
Ҳˣһֵģý찾˰ӣʳһȲӰڸС
ԣѩһ͹Ȱɣ㿴ʲôˣ
ΰͲŮҲģ̲סôѧĳɼǿ
ѩʱһҭмѿ
һԵ޼״ڽΧ㣬ҴȥеҪһ𣿡
ѩá
Ž뿪̾˿Դʢ뿪ѩӾԽϲˡΪһĸףʵ޷áᡱȥԼĺӡ
ȴ¥ʱѾŵˣһ߸ͣһʵҪȥѧ𣿡
νѧǼӵܵѧãȴ꿪ʼͽѧѧϰʮǰѧܵñȽϣ֮ؾͱȽɢˣֻҪƷʦ⣬ȥȥϿΣʲôζǸ˵ɡ
ԴʱʼϿξûиʡ
ҪȥģպƷҪĪɯʦȴŹǷ
Ҫ˰ҪȥʥѧԺ¸ɳϡΰ￴űֽСѵ
ȿһûз
ͬˣ
ΰһϲ̲סһЦ
ȺˣһСһ߶ɿؽӴȡȲҧһڣʱ֭˳ͽŨڣζֱܸˡ
ĳȶ˴Ĵָ
ⱲӵĲ˵ֳû˵
￪ĵЦˣĸŮУСŮĳġ
ϧûŴҵĳ츳Щź
ѧĿ㣬ȵĳճɼԶֻеȣôŬ츳ˡ
ͬĿϧȶԴȴ⣬ʵĳȻǰɫŵִĻСǾûġ
㣬Ѿˡ
ȵѧʱĪɯʦϿΣİ칫ҵ
Ϊһλ滭ʦĪɯʦİ칫칫ֻռһС֣ʣµĵطָĻռˡ
ǽϹѧĻоȵģֹǽϣҲ˺ܶ໭ĪɯʦֹһαԹԼİ칫̫Сˣһ
ûȵ̫ãĪɯλˡ
Īɯ̱ЦˣµƷˣ
ȵ˵ͷȻžĻ˹ȥ
ĪɯȲؽչȿʱЦˣȻķ羰ʧ
ΪĵȴûлﻭƷǷ羰ﻭﻭЩȻ֣ȴҲû
ĿޣЦЦû˵
ϱӿ̫౻콵ƻĿȫǵĻ棬ڵⱲӣôϡƽľɫʲܷĵȥϲȥ͡
˵Զ̬ƻ˴ĵҪֱȵ˸óȻû߳ǣȴòŵĻûжɻ
ҲˣĪɯ˵еķ羰űûзֵӵһ˫۾
ȽһϸӺԾһ˲ʻ鶯һۼϼ
꣬ĪɯСĽȻȵ˵ְϵʥѧԺʦ
ȻĪɯʦ֪ˣ
Щεص˵ͷǵģò˶ãҾҪǰʥѧԺˡ
ʵϣλʦ൱ڶԣʱ۷Ӿ֪ӦǷǳġ
ʥѧԺ¼ȡ׼֪ģʮûоħֵ֮ѧ
ֻҪʥѧԺ¼ȡ֪ͨʱ͵ȾҪǰʥˡ
ĪɯȴһȻ츳ȥʥѧԺ֮ѧԺ˷ˡ
֮˵һЩѧҵİţ滭ȻֻĻħ֮֮󣬻õżաӹɣ滭һŻʯԵĻž֮ǰѧһ㣬Ժ϶кô
Ȼȥˣο˵Ҳ͸ˡ
ұȽóˮīˮʻˮīУֱȽóд⻭Ȼҽ̵ģ·ȴҪҡҿĻڹԣԳԷչһ¡֣лĻҲѧϰһ¡
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79 

֪ҪȥʥѧԺˣĪɯʦûиµҵֻȥʦǱߵһ±
ѧ˿ʼҪѧϰĻ֪ʶ˺ڵĿĿܹоţѧ滭ܡ赸֡Ϸ硢ֹͳա
Ѿ˿ˣƳֹƷչҲЩ档
Ǿ¡ҽһ࣬ûУţС
ΣҲ˵ûеġǵ͵ĳǳعÿǶһ塣ûзɣȴнɣַͨõĴɺڲʹõСɣ˵ġ
˽ɣﻹ׵䣬׵ҲͨõĴ׵ڲʹõС׵䣬úͽƣֻǰͷģ͵ġ
˵Ц֪УЩִڹ֮ȵ˭ľʵǿ˭ľǿ˭ĿƼǿȻڲ磬ǳ֮ȵ˭Ľÿ˭ҵĹã˭ҵСֳܹϡеĻܡ
ȻȵĻ˭ҵʱʦʦࡣ
ԴˣȻϲġ
ΪˣЩ겻ôѧĹΣѧúġ
˳Ϊ츳ϵһֱֻеûù㣬ȶ㡣
ȻҲҪ̫߿ѧĿγ̱ô࣬˵ǻҪжȫܣֻһɫͺˡ
˵ѧ˵ȦЩʫ谡ɢİдȻѧʦ˵ˣǲҪøԶ¶ԴӼ򵥴ó֣ѧֻʫɢġ
ЩûдʫɢָߴϵĶһʼдռǣдƪС˵дͯʦķ־Ȼ͡
Ժ뿪ǣдμء
ʵҪ˵ӵʵֹƺпĿУһǳ֮ӵġȻҪֹ֪ݿɱĿҪࡣ
Ǳ֯¡塢񹤡ľ顢Ƕֲֽ廨֦ЩڲҲǱΪֹġ
⣬һЩеװҲֹεݡ
ѧʦ˵ҪΪһʦֹ֮ء
ѧʦһֹʦҲûǿһӱȫܣѡһȤѧ
նԷ˵ģһӻкܳеʱһһѧ
˵˵ƽ꣬˺͵˶Ҫ١
Ⱥѧ˵񹤣ôЩҲЩЧ˵Щʦȼ磬ҲΪһʦʦˡ
֮Ϊȵѧϰ̬ȣ˵ЩĿĿʦǳʦϲ
ȻҲ츳ļӳɡ
һ仰˵Ů˵ĵڶڲȴ˵Ƭ
һȦʦ˱Ⱦȥɳˡ
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ȥǳ
ɳȻѾϢˣЦʵõʥѧԺ¼ȡ֪ͨˣ
ҡҡͷûС
ɳȴο𼱣ᵽġȵ츳¼ȡ֪ͨ¸ü
ҲʦġЩ
ɳҲΣˣжҪ㣬
Щ棬ɳȴѾǰ·ˣҲֻܸȥ
û뵽ɳϾȻ߽һ鷿
Ӧ鷿ɣܺ飬Ҳ˵ǲңƺ̫Сˡ
ٲ²⣬ɳϾͿˡ
ЩʢµģЩ鶼˽˲飬뿪ǰΪߣֵڼᱻѩй߻ٵᵽѧǻ޻Ķ»˵ܵʥѧԺģͰЩ͸ǡɳɫЩӵ
Ҳˣ
ǻйߵˣȻϲѩò˵֪ѩǻµˡ
ҲͲϲʵһЩˣҲһˡйľֹ
ǰǡɳͻȻ̸ˣһʢѩǷǳˣǰߵĽеģߡ
̾˿ĽԴʢ㣬Դʢδɷ򡣡
ˣȻ;ãѹִҳߡ
ڵѩѾϲˣΪΪܵ˴˭֪ԭϲ
Ҫӡ
ֻһ£Ⱦ̲סˡ
ͽȡһ飬˿ȾΪʲôʢָҪʥѧԺŸˡѧѧЩʢµݶҪһӲ뿪ǣһӶҪЩ顣
-

80 ̼

ȳеһ鼮ݡ࿴
ɳϼ״ЦʢСϲϧʱֶ̫֮֮֡ϲˣһֱû½
ȵ˵ͷŻأʵ顭ǽ𣿡
ȻǡɳϵʢϲڻеľҲ츳֮⣬ʥѧԺƳȫ淢չĿҲЩԡ
˿ȻˣЩ飬ҲûȥĲ˵ҪǱѩˣ϶ǳһǷǡ
ȻҲ鷳
ɳҲµĹǣЩѧҪ뿪ˣʹߡ
ԣȸлһȻǵʥѧԺǱҪסУİɡôеط𣿡
ġɳЦʥѧԺסǳԽѧܶռһңһӵԼ鷿͹䣬Щ϶еطš
˵Ⱦͷˡ
ǶԽȤĹϵʢµйڻ滭ĶһЩʺ衣ЩȴԭӴñȽٵģȤģȥ
ҵʱѩڸ԰Ļм֦üµֹҵ鷳
ˡ
·˸ۣûգʱĻָһ¡
㣡ѩɫǺ죬ʲôãΪʲôԸһ᣿
Ƴһۣ˵ȥ
ѩȴ̲סץס½ǣŭ㻰أΪʲôشңСһ۸ڶģ츳̥ͬܵܣбҪ䵭𣿡
üſ
شҰѩеǲЩУû츳˾Ͳֵһ񣿡
Դҩˣü
ԣѩ·˴̼һ㣬شҰشҰ
ʵشû⣬ҲԼ˵˾ܽ⿪ѩĽᣬǶԷһٶҪҲЩˣ츳޷Ҷһ˵Ŀ֮Զ䵭Ϊκʹ
Ҵӳһĸ壬ʲôǷ飬˭飬ӦҵɺȨûܹҾ
㰲ڷףҪ㡣
ĻѩɫȴԽԽѿ
ҲôģѾ֣㱧뿪ˡ
ѩ㣬ûϲ
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Ҳˣ츳ڵѩһֱе⡣Ӥʱλû߶Ҫ츳þߣĻ
ȻȿߵǣȻ֪Լ㣬ΪʲôŬԼ㣿
Ȼѩħֵ֮ȼߣ츳ޣպⷽ²̫߳ɾˣⲢ˵ûŬķˡ
Ȳ˵ħֵ֮ĵȼһɲģҲͨŬ˵棬ѩѵͲŬˣ
֮ǰ˵ǳƳҲǳڴ²ħƷͨƷߵ͵ȼħƷճɫĻҲǻõġ
Ҳûи߼ʦһЩȼߣˮƽɫ̡
˭˵Щ˲㣬ɫ
ȻѩЩʲô
ԴȾûɹʲô£ǵˣΰͣʱضȥѧһʦ鼮Լһµ磬ʵʵڵĻѧϡ
Ȼѩأ
ȷûȥѧڼҲûʲôƷ԰ԹⱧԹǣϲ޵£ǡ顱
˵ѩڳϵ츳ܺãȾûйաСʱΪæµҲԹķ
ȸ˵ķ˻ڵˮƽɼ赽ĳ̶ȣԼĲܡ
Ϊһ鵽˻ûн
յͺʰ꣬ѩȴƽһףҪȥʢ
˵ʲôΰˡ
￴һۣʵ֮ǰǲǺѩ˵ʲô
֮ǰڻ԰ͻڶ¥ʱʵˣʱЩô˵ô໰Ҫ֪ǲѩġ
ԣѩͻȻ˵ĻŻỳǲ˵ʲô̼ˡ
Ͼʢ뿪ôˣѩȴͷһ˵Ҫȥ
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81 ̹Ȼ

ΪĻһӵĿⶼ䵽ϡ
ѩ˫ǳɫ˫峺ȴ޵Եá
ͷ·˵ô͡
ȴǳһ
˵أѩôͻȻ˵Ҫȥʢء
ҪǸٽ̨׸ı
Ҫǵһӵʱȱ֪Է⣬ҲЭϾȻΪԲϲĹϵΰǳãɱ¼֮٣ǣȴһΣҲûˡ
ԵĲ˵ҰЩҰ޿ɲ㽲ĵ£˼ֻ֪ӣˮʲôҲǲϾͲϵģڳУǻҪĳʲô¹ء
ֻҶأŵһǲԵǸġ
ǣȴǾġ
ȻڱɱħҲھʹǣԼȥθɣ
ȲظԼ֮ǰ˵Ļѩ˶סˣֹΰҲмִ㵣޵ͷϵı顣
һӱó
ȽմϽϵŽ¨ûʲôµĻȥˡ
ȣΰ̲סѵؿںסʵѩ˵Ҫȥʢ£ô
ҵĿҪȻͷ΢΢Ц֮ǰ˵ģҲһĸ壬ʲôɺȨ
˵꣬Ҳ˵ķӦ͹ȥˡ
Ӱʧ¥ݺΰѩʵȥʢ𣿡
ѩˣ֧֧춼ûһ仰
ֻǣ˵Ѿ˵ˡ
ĸģβ֪ʲô˼
ȵ˽£ԥ˵ۼǲ̫
˵һ仰û˵꣬ΰü
ͷѩȻһ㶼Ӱ죬Ҳ᲻ᱻȥʢһϳԡʢҲġ
ΰĬãڵ⺢Ƕѩû顣䵭ԭ˵ˣѩЩʲô̬㲻û˭Ҳϲһ㡣
β֪СŮɷͲġ
ˡΰ̾ҲָǽˣܺúùӾͲˡ
ʵ¶ǴŮֳġҳΪƫִСŮ֮ԺСӱ־룬ҲдŮǸһ˵СԺɷԭ򣬶СӵĳĬͲţŮҲûΡ
ȻҲŮЩҲ尾ţٶҲ˵
ֻ׻ǲģ䡭
ʢˡ
ôһ仰ȴеҲˡ
ȶԣһͥСȴǾʹ˽ˡ
ڶϣڲ緹ѩһҲ⡣ıʾһᣬڶû߳ǣƽʱֵܱη壬ʵһСԶ̤ĵİȫ
ǧһȵҧһڣͿĵرסĲӣһڣֱɰ裡
⺢ӡǸǲ˼
ǧﻹ˶ԣҲϲġ㣬һ鶼
еɵģȱ㲻ţպôѧûſ˸ͷڼ￴顣
˳㣬ԼĶһ£ʱȥʥѧԺЩҪߡ
˵ⱲӵĶ٣ǸָƷʮ䣬и鼮һЩߡƷϣ·һֱģˮƽ˵ɫҲִЩˮǿ࣬Ưÿոĸ͵Ʒ
ڲдֹҲ̵꣬ĶһЩԭϻ߻ƷгƷĶҪԼ֡ȻóĺͲóģЩҲʵˡֻ޳ԼʹýǮȥЩƷ˫Υ˴ɣȻΣƷͻᱻûգȻʮķ
ϵĶ࣬룬ֻһЩõõƷЩֻмģڼɡ
Ҫиռͺˡ
̾˿
ĿǰʵЩڶδԽ⻹ԭڻ᲻еδԽͬûס
ֻǣʲôܹ̹ȻԴˡ
Լٸ磬ƽԴֻԼֻһȥ
ûź
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82 

ʥѧԺ¼ȡ֪ͨʱ֮󵽴ģȴ﷢ΰ
Žɫ¼ȡ֪ͨʱˣһϰٸֽ¼ȡ֪ͨһȷԼŮ֣Ȼݸȡ
Ҫպãмֵġΰ
ʵϣʥѧԺ¼ȡ֪ͨ鲢ûʲôãϾʥѧԺѧҪȾʦԵģ츳⣬һҲûܹðʥѧԺѧû¼ȡ֪ͨ飬Ҳܹѧ
ʥѧԺ¼ȡ֪ͨǳûʲôʵô˶Ը⵱Ʒúñ档
ȴе¼ȡ֪ͨ飬ʽɫм赭дðɫճһǳص滹лʥǶ֣򿪺һǾɷĳת̣һ֪ͨ½׫дǩԼա
ˣͷһ£رζԶƳЩ䡣
⼸ܳƵһƷˣѹǱء
ʥѧԺ¼ȡ֪ͨ뵱½ʦƵģÿһ궼һ塣һԵ￪ڵ
۾ؿе¼ȡ֪ͨ飬ЩСص㣬ܸҿһ𣿡
ȿһۣȻ¼ȡ֪ͨ˹ȥ
޽ӹϸһ飬ȻЩػ
ȵȻ֪ϲеýʥѧԺ¼ȡ֪ͨǳ֣Ӧúϲ
ʵϣѰϵǲ¼ȡ֪ͨ˵ģޡ˰ɡ
кһ򶼷ǳĬȺҲ֪ѩӰ컹ôģû뷨ġ
ʮһյ䵭£ĹעǴģ
ѩ⼸쳣ĬΪԼ֮ǰƤĹϵ
¼ȡ֪ͨϵıʱһº󣬶ȶԣʱȴ㲻Ͽԣ
ֻһСǳأȻҲʦٸǳУҲеƫ£ʡǲعƵĻ·ϻʮ춼ġ
ΪȥʥѧԺΰ׼յ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬ȥԼĹ䡣
ΰĹںԺĽ䣬£ȴܴ󡣱ϾﲻͬóĶ罨ЩСطܹŪġ
ΰｫĻҿĶ̲ס۾ǡ
ǰһܴᣬͿһᣬýɫʹ카ճƯĻƣĸϸһֻİɫ񡣳Ǻʽģ߻ȲСɫĴԯƶʽĵ壬ϷҲࡣ
һᣬԭ֪ǹڻˣȻǲĶ۴Сãһһһһ
ǰᣬ˵ϴۡ
𾪵ǣȱΪľʵģ˲ǺһЩľϣһŷǾȻǽġ
ŮˣΰһʥǱߵᶼֽľģȫ˵Ҳȫıأۻ
ȴЩĵ⳵ǲЩ̫ˣ
ᣬƵƥģҲûйϵΰЦҳŪһ㣬Է飬õ̸ȣ⣬Ҳ׷
ȵ߽ᣬ̲סϲˡ
ڲȻһŹ̶СϾȻһС¯ֻҪ㹻ľ̿Щˮ¸¡С⣬һС¯Ƿˡ
֮⣬ϻһܹС룬ȷʵܷˡ
ĵطһ̶ľͰȻĳˮͰ㣬Ҳֻܽˡ
Ѿɫˣгеļݳû˵Ұ⾭Ҳ㣬ȥѧĺӣвٶ͹ȥġΰֽҸ˵ˣȥʥѧԺͲˣƽʱѧԺҲȽϷ㣬Ҳðչ
ˣԸֻȻ֪壬бȽټ򣬾˵ѾʮˣŮĹϵ̫ãһֱǶӡΪһַǳõľóӹò
ôԸ⣿ΰȴЦȥʥѧԺ֪жˡ忿գҲֲ
⻰żζȲ²ʲôԼ֪飬ϧΰȻҪӡ
û뵽ǣΰ׼ЩǴһʥѧԺ
ŮľȣΰЩЦõ㻹Ǹأǵһ뿪ǣôܷһ·
-

83 İ

ΰ˵Ȼʵȴˡ
ġǴҰƵûļڣУҲһΣյġ
ҪԭȴǵʢѧʥѧԺʱǰȴ¡
׼ȷ˵ʢҲǶǰʱѩҪȥǷһ¸ʹӦˡ
û뵽ѩ·ϺһŮ˳ͻŮĸǸģʢһȭ˵Ůˣʢŵù
кһȭͽʢˣƫƫµλһʯôԴҳһѪ
ѩʱɵˣҲ֮˵ʲôϳˡ
ʢʱǳΣգѩֲǸŵˣǷŮȥҽġ
ʢ˽һ²Ҳʲô¶ûУһ۾ͷʹë˵н꿴Ӱ
㣬ѧʱ䶼ƺһ꣬ͷʹëҲһֱûеõΡ
ľΰȻǲҵˡ
ѩҲµĸĹǣû˵ʲôֻǡ
ҲȥɣʥѧԺѧԴ̣ҴĶֵ̥ͬܽã¡
֮Ի֪ΪʢȥѧУǴ⣬ϧ⣬˵Ǿûٳ
ȻԼµľȴͲˡ
ѩһֱԼʢʥѧԺĻʢͲ˼ǨΪԸȢҳˡ
û֤ݣȴΪʢʥѧԺһõŮˡ
ԣ޵۵׳ڴȴҲУҲͬ⡣
˲Ẓ̇˵׾һʮĺӣʼͰ鶼źˣԼ˳ԵĻеûκõóֵܡҪִỹãֻҪǮɶõڲǮȴԲܵģ
ܲԺ·ЬӸɣ
Ҫޱԭû뷨Ҫе뷨ˡ
ѩһΰȴʲôû˵
Ҫ˵ǲСӸСŮһȥʥѧԺƭ˵ģ˲ȴ֪ʥѧԺضǺô˶ԴҪȥ
Ҳ˵ǸѧĴڣȴģܲҶǺõġ
ҪǣȲԸ⡣
ǸĸҲǿȶŮԸ顣
뿪ǰϣΰ޵ķ䡣
ְ֣ڸеͣվôˣ
ΰ˰֣Ķ档ְһġ
ЩţСĵؽеѧһֱͦ˫ֹԹԵطϥϡ
ΰ̾˿ʵϲ𣿡
΢΢һòЩСϲ
ΰԲ⣬ֻǵδʲô𣿡
ҡҲ֪򴽣Щʧ㲻ϲңҲ֪ϲ
һӶϲ㣬Ҫô𣿡ΰ￴
ɫһף˴㣬ԼҲǸ
һãȻͺ£ΰĳѡҪôѩһȱߣҪôЩֶαȼ޸㣬Ȼ³ϰ̺Ĺ£Ӧ˵ġ
ҡʵҶ룬Ҳ뿪Ҳ
ʹ࣬ΰҲܣЩҪ˵ġ
ȵȷϲҲ㲻׽ǣٲҪ㡣
޵øˣȴһ仰˵
ΰ޵ķ뿪ϣſڵѾˡ
޺𣿡۵òС
ΰص䣬һ߸ᣬһɫӵýףȻгΪʱʦʦ˶⣬ҪôҪôһԭ򡭡Ȼû˰̨棬ʵµˡ
ֻСһء
βףڲֵ̥ͬܽ໥֮䶼һȻ
ֱ׵˵మ
ȻЩͨŬóڵˣΪǿֵܹ̥ͬܽõġ
ǺǻۣһԣȴԲǺ¡
һãҲ޷ѣʹ֪
ΰﰲӵͷЩȻΪͽҷѩԽԽʢĽҲˡֵȺޣǾԲصޡ
ȱ֮ʢӼ֣ʢ׵ʱ򻹺ѩܹҲΪͱĺӴܣమʱ򣬵ȡͷβûж޼Դɫ
-

84 ʥѧԺ

֪һ·ôΰжľ
ȷСŮжô츳ڣҲҪȥʥѧԺ
һǲԸŮ츳˷ѣҲΪܲԸϣʵϣǴӺʹŮСӺСŮǷֿȽϺá
޻ûѩһͬ˷ֿҲޱһѩ
ĸĶϣŮܹߣԣǵȻҪĸŮǡ
Ȼ𲻺õδԸ롣
һ磬컹ûȾ͸ΰһ뿪ˡ
˵ΰҲǲװˣΪ˻ʱ򷽱㣬ΰﻹǽԼҲ˳˳ҲܰȶװһЩȥ
Ҳʱΰ֪ӾǽԼ鶼СŮ
ȸһΰһȻΪ𽺳֣ʻ;вʮֵ
ʵϣ·һЩǵ;ܸһЩ
;ͣҰԷó޵ָңΰһȥɲˡ
׵ʱȶһ׵ѧʦ̵ģҲޣ϶ܶѳһ档
ﶼòУĹһֱüͷֱ˵Լķ˿϶Ҫʧˮ׼
û취˶˼롣
ΰʱջСһһΰһ㣬һһͰˮ
Ȼץˣ¶⡣
ΰӣСǺץģˮץġ
ȷʵûдӺץı£Ҳɡ
Ȼ˵ʱ¶ȻȻЦ˵أãһûлῸסͰˣպһһ
ɱΰ᲻ŹŮɵģ
Թͷʱΰ嶼Щȥ˯һᡣ
ȺﵹǲһУһ飬һĥϡ
ｫȻװƿ̧ͷſСժǣüſŶ۰ǱˣʥѧԺҲʮĹ򡣡
ͷҲ̧û£Ҳʮ죬ҪʲôҲġ
֪Ȱס̾˿ϧǱûͨ𳵣ҪȥʥѧԺĻͷˣ
ĿƼȴѾˣԵѾ˼򵥵ãҼһ˵ƣҲֹڴˡ
ȳʱʮȴû̫ı仯ֻ˵˵ľЩ档
ԣ̲ס˳ǣ֪ѾʮˣȻôʱ䣬û̱гǳء
ԭ򲢲ȱǮǸǳ϶ȵͣҲٶȻ첻
ʵϣ˴һӶֻһǳԻ𳵵Ȼߡ
һ·ãȻ꣬·沢û̫ܵӰ죬ˣʮ·̣ҲԤڶ˰졣
վʥǵĳſڣΰڸǼǣȵĿȴǿ˳еĽ
ǾɵĽͬʥΪģԻΪ·Ϊкܶ˵Ĺϵ˴·ӣžȻҲΥ͡
ǵİͣʥҪַһЩֺӡеִвͬ˼ָ꣬˼ź;¡
ְʶȥʥѧԺ·𣿡Щĵ
֪ΰﲢʥѧԺҵģ壬Ȼ˲ѧѧԺûһʥѧԺģʢѧʱõһλ
Ȼʶΰ￪ڵǰ￴硣
һ
ȻΰȻȴѾʮǰˣ˵ֻһΣģˡһ˶˺üȦһλ·˿ۣ²ʥѧԺֱӸָ·
ΰл֮һ·û˵
֪˼˵ҲûڵЦ
ʥѧԺھȵ
ΰ˿ȻЩ仯û
Ȼû϶дء
֮⣬ȴΪʥѧԺ̫СˣٱСࡣ
ðɣԼϵĴѧΪ׼ġ
ȻʵϣʥѧԺĿҲ͡°ͣҲͱȳסլСһ㣿
ȺȾ֪ԭˣʥѧԺȻΪѧĸҪֻжʮѧԺܹ߸꼶ҲһٸѧʦѧࡣˣѧԺѾǳˡ
-

85 ѧ

ףˣʥѧԺȻ󣬵ȴǳƯһпյĕiͿϸڴ͸žºʥѧԺڵķ羰ʱһϵͻȻ
һ㶣ͼУŴ򿪣һͷź˳
ղλ˵һʮˡ
Ȳǵһοˣȴǵһοӵÿ֡
ô˵أ˫ֲʶɲϣȱˮݣЩ˰ߡ˵һ˫֣޷֮Ϊÿġ
ʵȴ
˫֣ͻָҲЩԣǣκ˿˫ֵĵһӦǡһһ˫ǳɵ֡
ַ·ӵħһ޷ݣȴʵڡ
λʮа˾һλʦ
ֹڹ۲죬ԷҲڹ۲һˣ˼ǵһʱͽĿ䵽ϣһġ˫ʵ̫Ưˡ
һֺǵûоѣ
ȵ˵ͷȻã?棬Ҫѧ
ǰ?ǣԵֵĻԺ˵׼Ϊҵѧ۾ЦҪѧǰɣ
˵ţ㱳Уȥˡ
ΰС˼ҲûҪǣȸȥ
·ϣȲ⣬ĸǳصģˣϲʲôһ·ûͣ졣
ǽʦ칫¥ˡվһĹԢ¥ǰ
ʦ칫¥
߽ȥȲŷѧԺʦȻһһ칫ҵģѹҪһ¥Ϊʦİ칫¥
Լİ칫ңҳһϱݸһ»Ϣ
ãֵݸһĵѧУʦĻϣԼоһ£ȵѧÿµĿαǰڹԼȥʲôΡ
ȵȣЩʲôζ𣿡
ͷÿʦóĶһԸԼȤѡΡ
ÿԣֵ
áǾħ֮֮ҪʦҪˡ
ȻȻ˵أôôɡ
ȵѧӳһƴɫƣÿ̵ȵ֡Ȼ󣬾ͼֶȻһ⣬Щ⻯һû֮УɫĶȾƯĽɫ
˾ȵǣֶָԭ״ˣϵĽȻûʧ
ɫĻù⡭ǾƷħƷΰﾪ㵵
ƲƲֻһĴߣħƷҲûħƷӦеĹЧ
ȵǽƣֻΪѧ֤ûáȵҪҵöΪϣһʦеıҵƷ
ȵ˵ͷӹȻкܶʣҲֻĿǰصġ
ѧԺʲôã
ͼݺ¥ҪмУš֮⣬ʥйֻҪóƣܹŻݡ˶٣ЦֻУѧܹܵģȵҵûŴˣҪúϧ
֮󣬰ִȥѧԺͼݺ¥ôʹýơ
Ⱦȵȴ¥סʵ̫ˡһȻֵһƽᡣôȴֻһң鷿ر
䡭
һλԲѧ̫̫ӵ߳ˣСʵסĻʦ𣿡
ʲô𣿡һ⡣
ҡҡͷһ£ʵˣýѧ𣿡
ðشΰͻش⡣
ѧǱҵ󽻵ģΪʦʱʦÿİٷ֮ʮѧԺġ

һȡ
ǰЩؿΰ֪Ĳ࣬ô֪һЩ֪ʥѧԺصģûǼֻ̣ΰħֵ֮ĵȼ֪ӦòǴˡ
ΰӵҴҲǴʥѧԺҵġ
ŶȤӽʲô֣ʮ궼ûħֵ֮ĺӣһܳһǺˣҾȻ
Ҵӽʢ?档ΰ϶ڽ
£ľˣתͷһ⺢Ӹ񡣡ʢ?ӡģ˵㵽̶ֳˣֻһʥѧԺѧ٣ʥѧԺʱֵ֮ѧҲԶԶ֮֡
ְʮľʱֵ֮ѧҲʢ?֮һܲǵá
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86 ֱ

Ȼǵһ˵ԼǸδĴ糤תͷȥΰ˵ı鲢ûȻ˵ġ
ڼֻΰѩ޶ǽ𷢱ۣǵƤֽɫԼΰȴֺԵ׷
׷ϣ׾뵽ķ񣬼ǶС־£ƯƯ˵ĸоͷǳ䲻ӵˡ
ΰﻹãһЦǺǵģԻԣⱲӻЦƽıɢģԵ䵭ˡ
ѩ˵߸ϣҲûԭġ
ѩƫҲΪԼʢ̫ˣ
ΰﲻ֪Ůĸ̣ڸŮǸƢһҺųģԺҪʦǶൣ
ֻڼҳ٣Ҳûе棬ЦӦ£Ȼֵѧǽʦ¥ôеᣬѧҳĻȥѧԺһñסޣѧԺӪģշѺܹ
֮ȥ˵ĴѶԱк
ѶԱרŸΪѧѶĹԱ
ΰȥ˵ǼǣݵĳһͣͱĸϻѧԺˡ
ҲҪյƷ˲ǲܷ˵ģֻṩʳѧԺҲûʳִڵġ
ȴˣѧԺڲṩʳĺ͵ϣȿѧֻҪǰһԱǶǼһԼҪĶڶܹõ
Ȼڿѧ֮ǰЩֻԼȥˡ
˵ڶ죬Ⱦ͸ΰһȥˡʳĺ͵ֻһС֣ҪĻǻһЩƷߵζޣëˢ࡭ȻصѧԺʱﶼ˶
Ⱥһʰΰһֲɹɹȥˡ
鷿ֳɵܣȽ鶼źãֿʼϵء
ڽһЩĶǸֱīˮЩŽ룬￪ڵڸѧˣϤˣǵ취Էϴ¡ɨЩˣɱȫΪĻû취ѧϰˡ
˵ţ̲ס̾˿ʵǺԸҳģΰﻹȵĳ򣬵Ǽʵ˷Ĳ¡
ôȹԹ̵
֪ǰΰһѧԺѧϰģȻʥѧԺصľ϶١
Ȼ￪ڵԷû취ǮΪæµҲ¡ȿѧ㿴ѧԺûгգرϲ³ͬѧʱԷˡûУǾҼϵõͬѧһ˵ķ˵ķû𡣡
ϴ·ʹɨͼˣѧԺӦר׬Ǯģһ¡˵üѵȻܻǮϴ·»ǵԼϴǳһЩǷǡдɨȻܹˣҪǵ÷֮ĲޣһҪҿεˣ͵Ǿûطˡ
Ȳϣﻹʵ
ҵһλŮͬѧرϴ·¶Ǯϴģϵõ취Ū£һҵ˽̨Χۡ룬¶ŮӶԶѿ
ͦȻ⣬Ӧ˰
ˣϴõ·ûÿˮһ̡
ĪСǰѧԺʱϴ·Ҳ֪˭ˣƤִ˺üҽݲκá
ԣӦ¡
ƤС£ȾϺ鷳ĻԲ
ֽ֮ЩƷԱ͵ߵ˵˸飬бҵƷƱ͵ġ
һҪرע⣬ͼĳǵݣɱ˿ѭѭյ
ȵͷҪﲻ˵治һ뵽
ΰﱾǴȺúϤʥǵģȻʵϣʰͻʱ䣬ʱ¼ȡ֪ͨϱʱѾˣȵ㸸ĸǿѧһµĿαѾȵøϽ֮ǰǴӵ˽͸ҲѡΡ
æΰȻЩʧҲ£ϵļӣ뿪ˡ
Ҫǵ⣬Ҳ˾ܾˡ
úѧϰżҲŻʥ̫Զˣ·ҲȫԵȱҵٻƽʱ㡣
ȵ˵ͷǻȥǵøдűƽ
ΰﵹԥСѧԺһϢҲܹġ
˶٣Ϣǵñܿѩǡ
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87 

ʱ䣬ȽʥѧԺʦ˽˸߰˰ˡ
ʥѧԺʦٶֹɣһǻʦǸѧżյĻγ̣?½ǻʦ
ΪһʦͲϵˡΪʦ˵ǣλľżҡ
ͬˮƽͬʵ£Щʦܹ֮ӱȫΪռ˱ˡ
ȻҪᣬϸ˵ûȨ׼ʵҲûȨԣҪȫǲܵġ
֮ʥѧԺѡЩʦһǴ˱ѧԺЩֱӻӵϵ£ƫһǴ˾סʥǣǵˣȷʵҪʺѧԺʦ
ǳزͬʥΨһӵĳǳأסĶǴ塣
һʦ㲻ãҲԼ鷳
һרҵʦ͸˲ˣһʦʱʦĴСȰѧİ?Ǿ֮һ
ѧԺʦУʦٶ࣬ʣµĲרҵʦ
ЩרҵʦҵʥѧԺѧ֮󷵻ѧԺν̣νѧԺҪĻʯ
ʥѧԺܹ֮ӵȻĵλõ˵磬˳ɫԴҪЩרҵʦá
˭֪츳ҪԣѧԺѵҪõԴΪʲôǲ¼ȡҪ̧ߣǲ룬ûе
ûкõʦôţ
ԭŶʦ˽⣬˽֮ŷԼĿǰҪֵز
ʵϣֻҪԼȤԸѡһЩξˣרҵΡĿǰؼѡ
۲һ»εϿƵʣѡ˻滭̡ĥºǶû̫ͻĿγ̡
ǲѡ࣬Ҳ͵ûֶ£Ȱּմûźÿ
Ȼȷ֣ĿαϣÿܶһΣȴҪ˶ҪϵģҲ֪ʲô
ΪٶĿĹϵѧһܣûܺ档
˵һֻʮˣʮŮֻ߸
ֱܵΣǼеͬ
ʥѧԺѧѧͲûҪֻҪʮ֮ħֵ֮ģһѧʮѧġ
ȻһѧȴһѾʮü
ȱΪǿűȽ죬ҽܵʱո?µȴ˵ԼѾʮˡ
ԴҵľȣոЦҲʮʱյ¼ȡ֪ͨ飬ѧǰˣòѧ꣬ò׻ָòˣȴֲСľħ֮֡ΪʱǺܺã½ü궼ħ֮ȶҵֱϿˣò壬ڵڲѧ
˵꣬ЦһҵӦģԺָˡ
ȵĿɨһͬഺͣദӣģҪԺദˡ
εĳһЩûоħֵ֮һҲʮˡ
ϿһλŮʦһ岼ŵδ֪Ʒ߽˽С
ͬŮһ˶һۣ۵ĺ档
ȻǾͿ̨ϵʦҿǿ಼¶Ĵģ
ǵģģ
һǷǳƯĴģ
һʶӸ濪ʼҴģơɫϡ
Ȼܿ죬Ǿͷ˲Եĵط
ڷ⣡֪˭һ
˷׷̨ϿȥͼҾɵĴģϣǳɫĹâƮɢ
ܿ죬ͱ鲼ҡ
ط֣Щ⾹ȻֵľУ
ΪûиевûֿʶС
ʱţЩԥؽְԼؿڡ
ոָо
з·һƬ顭ȿֺţһЩü両ԺС
Уվ¥£صչŵУ¶ڵĿЦݲõԣҺòײ򵽵ġ
߿ȫÿһõ壬վڽѧ¥󺰣Ҷϲ㣬ҵŮѰɣ
ҹ̨רע͸Զߵ꣬Ӣ˲˵ʲôÿģԸԶֻһ˵ꡣ

۾۽һᣬȴ̲סһĨЦݡ
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88 ù

ûһһˣȾЩᡣ
ҸоԴЩģرʱһԵǿڵ
ûĸоţǿڵҾ;˫Щȵģȹ֮оֺˡ
ǰҲĸо
ôһ˵ĻҺҲЩо
ţŮҲڵ
ƣôԼһоûУ
̨ܽϵʦһ仰û˵̨µȴѾνʲôˡ
ʵϣȶħƷһ֪
СħƷҲΰжħƷһ˽⡣
ܶණǸĸħƷ
ǣħƷǲħּ֮ĻûлùġֻͬгֻùʱħñĶعЧŻᷢӳ
ϧΪδĺǲʺϽӴùģΰ˵ǻħַ֮
ɲС¡
ˣСΰﶼûǰħƷ˵ƽһοù⣬ѧʱĽˡǰհʦ˵ģǻùҲǼٵġ
ڻùʲôãȵʹĸǸĸһΪ̫Ǻ£ȱپϲ˵ĻһЩص¡
СʱʹѩԵʱûţȴǺصסڷ硣
ʦ˵δ겻ܽӴù⣬ʹħַ֮𣿡ʱʵ
˳Ƕʮִ꣬˻Ҫꡣ
ҽ裬ǿԽʦ̨ϵŮʦڵδȷʵܹӴù⣬һֻùȴġ
˶٣̨µЩ΢΢Ц֮ǰ֪ùʲôá
ԣո?£һ˵ͷ
״ϵЦˣǽҾǽһùľú͹Ч
νħƷ˼ħ֮ġ׼ȷ˵֮ġԹħƷ̲ᣬùʵħƷЧľֻ
ܵ˵ù˵ľġһȺЩãȻ͵νʵħֵ֮֡ħ֮ҪѣҪ˫ֲϵشĥȵħ֮־ѣγɻùĸ
һô˵ħֵ֮ǿȡھǷǿ
Ǳ軹ڼ˵Ҷ֪ħ֮־ѵԽ츳Խǿôԭ֪𣿡
˻شͼΪһħ֮֮ԭڴԵľͻתƵ˫ȥԽǿ󣬶˫ǿҪҲԽߡһ˫׵־ɾ֪˵ľǿȥ֮ٳٲħֵ֮ˣΪ̫ǿ˫ֵǿȻ
ѾˣתƵ˫Сʲô
֪൱ڴԵꡣ˵͸Ӽ޽ӵһ
ôҲ޷ǻһ
һ£˵ľǴӳעģҪǿǲܣȴҪܾ޴ʹʡַЧĲ˵һĺ֢һã飬ɷӡ
ھĻù⣬ȴܹͨйСǿȵġַȻЧȴʤڰȫԴԶ
ǳЦȻùòڴˡǿֻǻùã˵˵ĻùⶼֹЧ
ǣЩЧȴһЩ˶еġ˵ţ躬Ц̨ϵĴģЩģҵƷȻֻһмʦҵħƷȴһֶصĹЧܹ˵ľ
Ҫ֪Ȼһַǳ˽˵Ķʵϣ˶ȫƿִڡӵһĹߣܹʹȴöбҵĻù⣬ܹǵľбĴڡ
ҲˣȻδ꣬ȴܹӴҵĻù⡣
˵һɫظߴҵҪǵãڳ߾ħ֮֮ǰѧԺǽӴĻù⣬ҪȥӴ˵Ļù⡣
ʦĻù⣬õĻùܹ˵һ˵𣿡лõʵ
˵һ£Ƚϳģžܹǿⶾһˡ
˶٣ЦһЧĻù⡣
һɴ۾
֮һЩȤ⣬ֻҪܹ˵ģ趼ĵһһشˡ
ۼҪ¿ʱˣý̨ڵˣ¿֮ǰǻһҪҪ
У
ʮŸԶ̧ͷ
ڸոսӴһù֮ͷ˾֣
ǺĬĬ֡
Щ״ü
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89 ֮

Ӵùֻ֮оֱͬѧ֣
һʱ䣬ʣµ׷׾֡
ԥ£ûлȥ
ʮһ
һ㶣ΪԼˡȻһ飬ʮһ
֮ǰֵӦ߸ʮ˸ȻûǴĻƺʮŸ
üʵ˭ûо֣
ԵͬѧѾ˹һ޹վ
Ϊʲô֣ò毺֮Ů̲ס΢΢üΪ˴ͷ
̵ʦ˵ЩҶûио
һʲôԼˡ
ȻشҸܵйʦ˵Щûиܵ
ˣӦЩ𾪵ȷһоûУ᲻̫ٶˣûио
ҡͷȷһоûС
ԣĪһЩȵĿѾĽͼʡ
˰죬ǿ򶨺պ¿¿Ρ
ֻ뿪ǰ̲סͷɫȻȡ
һߣһȻȺ׷׿ȡ
ģѧԺֳһꣿ
ǴϢ
ļٵģ
ʲôоûУ̲סʵ
һ˫˫۾򴽵ȷʵûио
˶٣ʵʲô˵𣿡
һһѧڵʦĻùɫģʣһмʦΪȼʦĻùǿҲֻħ֮֡ħֵ֮ļӵ͵߷ֱǰֺ֮֮֮֮֮֮֡֡֡֡֡ͽ֣֮ùҲӦеɫɫͻɫǳʦӵеĻùɫɫͺɫмʦӵеĻùɫɫɫǸ߼ʦӵеĻùɫɫʦӵеĻùɫǾѻù֮ǰΪûԻǿҪһġˣĻЩӴù֮ôˣԺ󶼻Ѻ֮֡
ԣһξֵǼ鶼мʧ䡣
ַ֮涼ţʥѧԺȴֻȻڡ
Ǻܿ죬ǾˣֽʦУûеֻ˺ֵ֮ˣǵδǺܹġ
Ϊʲô֣̲֮סʵ
һΣشոֱӻشͬȼħ֮־ѵйɵģ֮־ѵ69ꣻ֮־ѵ912ꣻ֮־ѵ1214ꣻ֮־ѵ1416ꣻ֮־ѵ1618ꣻ֮־ѵ1820ꣻ֮־ѵ20Ժ˵ݲǾԵģʮ֮ǰûоѵˣٶǺ֮֡
أ̲סʵǻʲôģ
ԣҡͷǾͲ֪ˡԾǾ޷õǾһ̶Խͣ츳Խá
û˵ǣԭεʦϰߵѯһ˵Ȼж϶Է츳ġ
ǺȻ⣬ʦһ硣
㻹û˵ʲôءȪ̲סλѧѵ
ǸˡԷһ㶣Щ˼ʥѧԺʷֻһǾѧ
˭Ȫʵ
?ʾȥҵѧ˱ҵǰϦҲǶʮʱžѣѵġǻ֮֡˵⻰λѧ¶ӡ
֣֮
ڵ˷׷һ
֮ʱֵ֮һ֣˻֣֮лع֮֡δ֮Լ֮֡
ܹʱֵ֮˺٣У˾ѵĶǻعֺ֮δֺ֣֮֮֮һǴ˵вŴڵġ
˼壬عܹ֮ʱ䵹ˣδܹ֮ʱ߸ǧձȽƳع֮֡
ֺ֮֮־͸˲ˡ
ʱܸһú͹ν֮֡
ʱһú͹ν֮֡
һһ˿־塣
ȴһͬ㣬ǾߵˣǿȾ൱ڽ֣֮һ⡣
ֶֺ֮֮ǳ֪֮ǰѾнûгֻ֮ˣ֣֮ɴѾǧûгֹˡ
鸴ӼˣҪܾ߰ħ֣֮
֪ǣȴʲôʱܹѣǡʲô
òְ֮ɣ
Ȼû˵˶뵽һ㡣
뿪裬Ҳģ뿪Ҿֱȥרҵʦİ칫¥ԼķָһڴС
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90 

ǣĻҲˡ
ڸǿЦɣ۾һɵ
ġ輱ֲɵô¿Ц
ʵϣ˶˽ģǷֲصˡ
ô˵˵ģ
λжʱ
?Ĩ˰Ȱ¸Ժǰɡ
һܵ¥ʱԺ?ӰλԺ?˼?һȲ衣
һȺôƺƵЦЦôҵĲҶɲǰ
ºŵʿЦݺ㣬Ƿݵġ
ȴһʲô£
òƯ۽ǵ·ԣȻ㲻ЦҲ˵Ŀס·ʲôܹ˵
λԺУԺĲЦۡȻʥѧԺ˴Ѿϰ˷ĹԣҲϡ
Ƶǰ棬˵
ôаΧŵʿˮԼϵķ˵˳
׼λԺǱɫ
ãô£
⵱ȻǺˡǺǵûӣһͬˡȻѵħ֮ҲΪɫǵһЩڿ϶ܹɫȣǾԲܷͬĴ󡣡
Ҳǰ˵֮֮ûи߼ħ֮ˣǶǽ𣬾Ƕô硣еһӶڡͬǽ֮Ĳ𣬲Ȳͬȼ֮ĲС
պЦȷʵҽרҵʦΡѰζԲãΪʲôҪһ˷ʱأ
°͵һ⡣Ȼ²ǰܽӴùһδǡ⵽ֻǲ²⣬ҿרҵʦΣҲҪӵͻùȥ
ԣ΢΢һȻ뽫Ŀ䵽˷Ͳϡ
Ҫ֪ѧԺôרҵʦǻùδӴģҲֻзͲˡ
δ֮ԲܽӴù⣬ûԭġ
˴ͨ˫ֵĵĵطϣħ֮־֮Ͼͻ򿪣ͨתƵ˫еġ
֮ǰĻùֻҪ˿ԣͻᵼ¹ǰ򿪣һ򿪣Ͳٱպˡʱûзȫÿʱÿ̶仯ΪûоѣڴУûоö֮ϾͻŤǱɻΡ֪ȵħ֮־ѵʱ
ҲΪʲô˵δӴ˻ùħֻ֮ᷢԭ
ˣδ겻ǲܽӴù⣬ֻǲܽӴ˿͵Ļù⡣
һȴǺѵģ͵Ļù⣬Ҳ˿й͵ġ
֮һĻùܹھǱĻùܹᴿǰͻù⣬Ǽ߹Ŀͻù⣬ȴһ㹥ԶûС
ɴ˿ɼһôﲻһˡ
ҲˣƽʱôŭҶġ
ʱ˵עӣһÿܶܳһڿεʱ䡣
Ҳû⡣΢΢Ц
˶һۣԥ˭һһʦһԵĶѾİˡ
ԺһΣԺܶϣϡ
һ㶣ʵ𣿡
Ƿ׷ҡͷ
һһڿεʱ䣬ӰǵĴϵһλѧδʱʲô
ۼһȺоô˸ȿСľˡ
ǸǾͲȵʱ֮𣿡̲סʵ
һ˲䣬˵Ŀⶼ䵽ϡ
Щڵز˲
Ǿ;¡һΪ
֣֮ܶ˶ӵƫֻԵħ֮ȫûбҪڡƫһˣǽֵ֮ħ
ΪǰصһڴУҪ˵ȫɵ֮ƭ˵ģҲûĪĵز
ϾʷϣȻַ֮ǳϡУħģȴһûС
˵ףֵ֮ģˡ
ο֮Ҳһöûеġ
ٿµֻҪػģҲӢۡ
ǵĽ̵£Ժľ֣֮ҲΪˡ
ֵο˵ֻһֿܣȸпܾ֮֡
˵ڴ
Ȼʱ֮Ҳܲ۵ЩʦзصģȻ֮֡
з׷׵ͷĿȡֵĺӡ
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91 

Ȳ֪ǵľֱصᣬء
˵ԼڸŹζţžħ֣֮Ҫ˵ħֲ֮ڴҲƭ˵ġ
Ҫָ߰
ܱܲôŰ
ϧ£ôҲ޲
֮ͬ󣬴ҵĽӴȻȵĳԷͽˡ
ͬ߸ŮУǸպóգҲϲæ֮Ҳͬˡ
ȻҲûָǽÿһͶˣҲϸѧԭĳն׷ˡˣԼģ˫ҲԼǾ͸һÿ͡
˵£ͬŮͬѧҲŰˡ
ȻԼ˵ԼϲǸ꣬ﶼⲻȥܸǮʳѧԺṩģûطһԺҪƷԲˣǮĳǮûǮĳԼ
ҲҺʥѧԺѧǳŴѧԺûлǮĵط򡭡˿ڴǮʵǲġ
Ȼãγѧΰϸ˺ܶǮ˵ЩǵʢµģҲûطͶˡ
˵ʥѧԺ¼ȡС׵䣬ҲһЩǮ
ͬѧ˴ȴûԣġĪ꣬Ҳ֪ʲô·ЬӶܲõĸֱҲܾɡ
ϴ·⣬˵ѧԺרģǱˣ¥ĹԱš
ŲΪʹ󣬶ͽ֣ʵֻǸ긾Ů
ҵǣƺΪʥѧԺѧĹϵΪ˶׬ǮſϴµŪ˲ٻϴӾˮϴϴϴϴ֮⣬ΪЩ˱ȽϽﻹṩָϴӷ񣬿ԻǮ¼µϴ裬Ժ⼸ϴֻϴ·
˻ֻϴ¡ʵһʼҲ֣ŷϴ»ӡеȫԶͲϴ»ֶϴ»ԭŪףֻ֮Ҫҡ˻ҡͰˮͻῪʼЧȫԶϴ»࣬ҲôΪóеרҵʦġ
˵ǮҪһ㣬ȴһ㲻⡣
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һУ߸Ůλúܽȸڣ¥Ȫͩ¥Īꡣ
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ϾѡĿζһּæѧϰŬѳһֿ軰ʱ
ܸоһʼԼϱ쳣ʱ˶̬Щ죬ͻСͻָˡ
Ȼȴˡ
ʦϿ֪ͨʿˮ˵˭Σ
ܶԺϣ岼긱ԺϣǵòҪٵѾʵȵ̬ȵҲƽ͡
ȵ˵ͷ֪Ӧ»ǻ¡Щڴġ
û뵽ǣһΣԺʹ߳˽ҡ
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ȻȻȻѧԺС֣վһСľǰ
СľƯˣŵִܷŵӰӾΪŮСʱĵطͯλõ
ϵı࣬ҵһħƷҴȥ
Сľݲ濴ƯҲǳɰǵĿɰڵÿһ䶼Ÿָɰëżɫë޵̺׵ĴϹƯë壬ϹεɳϰŸֿͨ
ʾɳϣȻԺǾϿΡ
˵ţ˻֣ɫĹâзɳһ˲ľݶ˽ɫĹâ
ȶãº͵ΰɡ
ĪѣƤȴܿʶһһ롣
ʱһһţٴ۾ʱ򣬱ȴЩ졣
ˣεһûбɹ¶֮ǰĸæҵıķȴһˣչ꣬۰
һ꣬ϲ˯űķҪ¡
ķһҲûвͷؿʼ£ܾǰһСֽأƯ¸ҡ
ǻССһɰˡ
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92 

ǾãϴΣλоϵı仯
ֱ仯ϸ΢ֲݺӡ
Ǹоô˵أһûϴϴһ飬ڶġ
뵽ʦ˵ģԺĻùԣȾˡ
Ǳ
ֹȻ֣ԼľҲвԵı仯ˣȻһһˮһƬ󺣣˾Ƕˡ
¿λмӣȱŷʳеʣԺÿħƷɵйǲǶһ
ϴνӴģĻù⣬Ӱ죬õļ䣬鵽ǿĺͿ֣һΣԼȻ֪˯ˣһˡЦΣоƽ͡
֮Ȼԣȴʵڡ
ƺһ˼ݵˣȵ⣬˼Ƭ̲ſڵ˵ĶԣҲȫԡħƷʲôйؼʵǿǵʦΪԸͬʦĻùйǲͬġҲǹ̶ģžĲͬʦĻùҲб仯Ǵĳһʱ̻򻷾ùҲ仯
˼
Ϊѧ⵽ΪֹˣԥʵΪʲôҪΣѧһ𣿡
ȻͬͬѧĿǰദûҲ֪֪õĴ뷨
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룬Ǿðѻ˵ȽϺãʵϣʦֵиӦġ
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˵Щֻ⣬ȴҪȾħֺ֮ˡ
ˣҲ⿪ɻ
ʵ²ˣϱӵľҲˡ
һɵ뿪һ߷صԼİ칫ңȴǹˮϴ˸軻·
ⷴӦֺͲ궼µôһˡ
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ѧԼԺǺˮޣĿʲôɻҲǲʵģԸ˽»ʮʱȥĥ
ȻǲȻѧȴʱش
ڹŵûڸûа취ˣ˭ԺⷽӰӦƲס
ȴǲѵ΢΢Цһܶµĺӡ
£Ҳˣżһ棬Ȼ;ˡ
۾һµ峺ůܴ⡣
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ǼԺ𿴳ôӲмֹŰ࣬ʵȴǸΨ壬Եúܡ
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ҲΪһֺͲȵӡ󶼲
Ȼصʱ򣬸պĪ꣬ԷͷΧȹһɨģ
ĪıЩڣҲû룬к뿪ˣûĪһ
ϣڲ¿ȴԹסڸڵĪꡣ
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93 ͻ

֪ΪΣȾǰ£־Լˣ˭ϴɨ
ˣĪӦǴѧУİɣȿʵ
ûж룬˵ͷ˫̥磬ʲôֲ֪һֱУһֱû
̵ѧԺѧֵѰѧһңԵȴһ޶ġ
Ǿ͸ˣһ̶ŴɨɱҸˡ
Ҳû·ϣ룬ϣͳˡ
Ϊס¥ϵĹϵ¥µĶʵ̫ģϣڶԸϽ͸ûעˡ
ֱżǵȡ
ˣĪ˴ǿæ
֪ʲôȽȥˣԼ¥ܡ
׷ʲô£һߣһʵ
ʵҲһͷˮҲ֪ʲôȥĪǽīˮվſ˵иŮͻȻͷˡ
ü˵¥ʱĪȻһŮľͷһиһΪѵҪܣȴǲ䷨
ĪѾѪܵ˿ڣɫ΢䣬ҪȥͻȻһĪг˳ţһŮײȥ
û׼Ůľһӱײˤ˵ϡ
Ī˫̥硣ȶС
磡Īһȴǹ˲ԼϵˣæҪԷԼ
ԷԸ⣬һ˫ͬһ۾ضǸӵŮ
ʱǸһʼҪܵץסᣬǰסǸŮġ
ſңҪ˺ŮӣҪˣŮȴʼá
ԣĪɫǺ죬۾ǸѧĻҲˣ鷳֮ǰıҽ塣
ȻȶӦһӰͻȻӵǰһУǸŮס߷˳ȥ
磡ҪٽĪæȥס
ȺˣǡǼ˸һȺ˾ôɵվš
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Īŷǵĵ΢΢Ц鷳ˡ
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䡭Īĸᡣ
ҸĪ硣ȽңĪһ߸ĪǱӣһ岻̫á
ԥ¿ʵεȥҽ𣿡
Īҡͷһ߼˶֮ͻε
˵ţӹȡһȼ˽͵ҽʦģԺˣСʱͻѹ
ôΪʲôҪѧԺȪգգ۾ʵ
˰죬ûֹ⻰ʳ
ĪԴ׼ֵزҲʲôˡ
ǵĸĸѾˣǲһ˴ڼﲻ£ҡĪĿⰵ˰ҸĸҰ⣬ֻʣҺ͸ˡҰ˰꣬Ϊ˾ұһҧˣҵǵʱ򣬸Ѿյ²֪嶼ʼ鴤ˡȻȴ˾꣬Ҳصĺ֢ײ
ԶʱĬˡ
²⣬Ҳû뵽Ȼ
ȪûɫģȻֿʵ֮ǰǸŮĸҪ㣿
ŮľĪŸͷʥѧԺѧȻҪǮƽԵҩ۸񲻱ˣҵ취׬ǮպѧҪ˰æɨļ۸ܸߣҾʹӦˡ
˵ѧ̲ס¶ȡ
˷׷׿ôˣ
򴽵֪ˣҲǴһ֧رһŴ񲡡һףһá
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ֱӰ鱨ѧԺҪûõǮѧ̸С
û˿ڣӦĪԼ
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94 

֮࣬˶Ī굹ˡ
Ȼܿ죬ǾͷӦˡ
ĪĻǲЩԣ
ʲôܵ裿˵ܵӦԼòãܵʲôˣǽײɣȻ߷ɣίˡ
һ˲䣬˶ĪĿ
Ǹֿذ
ѧԺǱյϢܿʦн档ȵûעֻ̣ע˽֪Ѿǲͻˡ
ԴˣǣֻҪһ¥ģҶ˿
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ʱǹĵĵĪ硣Ӵ֮ǲ֪⺢ʲô̶ˡ
Ī֮ǰ˵Ķģʵϳ˵ЩĪ绹۵̣Ķȴһѡ
˵һˮһкԳ
ȻʵϣҪĪĻ²Ҳһƥǡ
ֻǸӣֻᣬҲǾˡ
ĪǣĪֵСͱܸɣҰ⣬Ҳȥ
ʵ㿼ǹܻùǸЧɱȳҩöġܹҵ֢Ļù⣬绹л
ҽˮƽǳֶֻгҩһʵҪù⡣
ȻǹĪͷĪǸ绹ûоħ֮֮֡ǰ²ܿǡ
ԣ˷׷һ£۾ɣĪ绹ûоѣǡ
֪Ҫ˵ʲôĪҡҡͷ˵ãҸ̫ˣħ֮ǻӳپѵġ
һҲǡ
ʵᶼЩԥΪѡ֪Īľ֮ҪҪǮϰæǡһҲرԣҲ˵Īġ
뿪ڵĪ꣬ڻԸӴɨĻ𣿡
ԣĪһ㶣ʶ㲻á
չ㡣ȴʵϣһ˴ɨˣΪûпȫεˣϵڡ
Ҳ˵ʵ㣬Ҳ˵ȫ㣬Ͼ˫ʶһ¡ˣֻҪ鷿͹֮ĴɨطһԼƽʱҲš
շѣҸѧһ룬ֻҪһڹʰξˣÿ춼
֮ǰĪ˵ˣѧǱΪǸ˫̥õڣÿ춼ҪȥɨҲΪ࣬Ųòȥɨڳˡ
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֮ǰһǧıȷʵ͡
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û뵽£һµУҪôȽϷʱҪôȽࡣ
Щʧʵܸ˵һ˵𣿡
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̾˿Ȼ붼ƣȻʺϲֻ꣬취ˡ
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ÿһмħƷܴ׵л1001000
Ǻ֣֮õĽٶ600
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˵ʥѧԺѧֻҪħ֣֮ûһġ
ôǮǸн˴ɨǸʰ̯ӣ
ȻҲǲʱϢ˵?ʾְʥѧԺһھͻϸڡ
²٣ǲģȻܿ죬һЩ¡
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ģҵͬѧ˵ģҲǴ˵ѧǷǳټĵ̥
˫̥زˣǿ
ǲǣȫûУڶʱһ
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뵽˵Ҳټĵ̥֮Ѫɵ̥ӣûֵܽáΪ⣬ǿƼЩΪˣճͲ㱻峤ɾӣһ
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95 ְ

ȣȴĶȤ
˵ѧûҵʱѧԺΨһУݡȪһ˷ܵ
ΨһЩѧԺڿǲֹһУݡ
ֵ֪֪˵Ϊѧ̫ÿˣͬѧԺûһȵϵġ
Ҳ뵽˻УһλõҼѧȷʵ֮󣬲˼еɫ
ĪͩҲ׷˶䣬һ㽣һ
һ飬Ҳ̫ˡ
ҡ
Ŀɨǣǲˣ˫ֵ̥ܵˡ
ͬ࣬ͬ˫ֵ̥=δɷʽġ
ȻϵǣĻӣȴһΪ⡣
ʲôѵһˣ˺ߵ
Ҳǰǰ̸ǻ¡
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ִ˵⻰˾޳ܲҪȻڲͲĸԸĻôܹǿҳϣ
ʥѧԺ̵ȷʵܶ࣬Ҳ١˼ûȫΪƲϵģҪɣ뱻˹šǴ̵ˣҲ˵ⷽûй˼ɣصˡ
˵ѧְϢʮа˾Ǽٵġ̾˿
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ΪʲôȪ죬һ˵Ҷô˵ġ
ҡҡͷܵģѧʱʦѧԺܽʲô
ͬʦΪ˶Թյ׷Ϳ̣츳Ҫƿضּգʱʦȫ츳ġ
ԣ˱ʧҲ֪˵ʮа˾ˡ
һʱ䣬ְĴԹȻʧˡ
Ȼһ죬ȴͿиˡ
֣Ҫ֪һֱǿŵģ˰Ҳڿѧһ֮
ʱƺĿ⣬ת˹
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ã°ģԺָ̡
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һȺŮ׷תͷ

ϣһ
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96 Ұ

һƬ֮侲ġ
ȻԱ߿ûߣ˺ڵѧЦˣ?һ棬֪ǲǵá
ƺ˼Ƭ̣ȻЦĸǵ?ɣϲƷ
û뵽ԷļǵԼ֮Щ˼ˣŮʿĵƷҲΪ
еŮʿĸס
ҽһͬѧ𣿡ĿɨŮûע⵽Ŀ϶ͣһ롣
ŷֺ˼ѣһһܵͬͬѧѣ?ܽһ?ͬ?棬Ī?룬ͩ?洺Ȫ?׺̡
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˾н˵á
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þЩ˼ҲֻǱҵ꣬ƸѧԺҲʦѧҲԣҲС
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ڲȻֹùϵ̸ȴǽֹǽӵġ
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97 

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ѧԺ̣ǲ罻ͨ㣬ȫûһδٵıҪƽʱϿַǳɣԷŲżĲ̫Ҫ
ʥѧԺ˵߸꼶˵ѧѧԺꡣʵϣܶѧѡѧԺѧԺǿҪÿμԣѧԺʮűҵ˲֪ж١
ȵ죬ϵǣ˵վȻҲ죬ɺϲò˸̾Ե֡
ȡеӴףһ£Ҷʾͬ
ն죬Ժÿ궼һǿĵʱҸˡ
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ʵϣȣȻóҲһЩȫĸûС
ĪСʵҿԴҸ𣿡
ȻԡҲպͬһ죬ȻҪҲˡ
Īġӡûһġ
ЩԥҰҸҲ
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98 

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ԷҪȴش򿪣ֺһֱֻ
һֻǳƯŮ
õɫıǣϻǶһȦɫ鱦ʯ෽֣˵Ǳ˵̧ʱͬһµɫʱˮΰ¡
κŮ˶޷ܾһֻ
ģϲ𣿡üؿ˹Щڴʵ
û뵽ֱȻģ֮ȴû취Υģ̹Ȼϲлл㡣
һ˲䣬Ũϲôüۼ仯ֳɫ
ԼĿЩĬȻ뷸ľУ
ôܹЦôÿ
ſڵһԷôҸ棬ϲԵСϺͿţٸһ֥ʿ⡣۲죬⼸ϲԵġ
Ȳ֪뷨Ҫ֪϶ʳֻҪϲ
㲻֪Ҳѡ
ԣǵͶԷաǲЩʺϣ
죬ھ׿ȥ䷹֮ԼѾûʲôƤˡ
ʵ֤׿ƤȻȷѡûʧ
Ϊѹ꽫õķ˶˵˶档
ŵУĿʵȷϻûп
ȵ˵ͷҰ軹нܵܶҼʵ֮ǰҲ޼ˣеġ
ܵ
Ŀ΢΢ȥֺܿ
ʵȵĲͬҲ֪޾
ע⵽ȻΪ˹ͬھӵǣǶ໰ˣҲûκ˵
ʱˣҲ
˶ÿģΪ˴󷽣Ҳͷſˣͩ²⣬ĪĶĪϣȻȪûô̹Ȼˡ
߸Ůò໥ҲвģȡԼȪƯͬһòǳõĳңȪȴ޵Ļ䣬Ķˡ
Ҳ˵Ȫ˽һֱиȻͷ˼ͬĸȶ˵䣬ͻ취߶Էע
һ״ˡòȻƯ֮˻ǲһġȴҲԼơһ˫СƯ֣СǺһĿӡ
ȣͬŮƯһ
Բ⣬츳ǽȵġ
ȻСû˵ǲڡġ
ĳɫĿãѧԺŮ붼Щ뷨˵Щˮ¥̨ˡ֪һλ̳ϵȻȶ˷ģͬһʯӶ˺һƬƽ
Եľǣ⼸һԷȪ˵ˡ
Դˡ˵ʵЩʡ
˵һʱѧУʱҶͬѧеŮ񣬳˼ȻǸҲΪûѹѧϰɼҲ͹ȥҶΪýѧΪܺÿһЩҵҵ涼ƴ֡ѧ뷨ԻһЩߵýǾ䲻ġǱҵ󣬳˳̼ͷӣҲû˾
ԣİĽȥԳ˼
ȴȵһᡣ
ǣļһǡ˸Сο
ͬˣǾȺġ
ĵ̥Ȼ˫̥ܵܲû꣬˹һӣҲǲġ
ȵЦûϡ⻰ǳǿãκ˾֮󣬶ὫС·ϡ
Ϊ½ָ֮ýӲڲҲ֮ΪǶЪڣΪⷢӲãǻ᲻ٶִƷġ
ÿЪʥѧԺͽ˸ָĻչÿ춼УֱŻ
ȱΪչЩûоħֵ֮ѧûйϵȴе֪Ҳܹμӡ
ѧԺĻչֻƷĹգùĵȼ
˵һ⡣
-

99 

̲סЦŲֻ֪Ҫ֣֮ڴƷʱֻѧͽˮƽֻҪӵн֣֮Ʒӵнɫùġ
ЩȻ˼ǡħƷĵȼͼˮƽûκι
ͷ
ǡԺˣΪʲôҪһЩ
ȻѧЩΪνħƷǱż಻ѹ뷨
ǲأ
ǲ֪౻ƭˣԭ
һ˹ͺܺϲиּգЦħƷԣղûõģֻõʱҪ̫ˡ
ΪʦħƷмʵħ֮ġܹħ֮ħƷһĳһյ۷Ʒ
ħ֮飿ˡ
ЦʦȻӵȴûκͷģħ֮ȴȻ
ԶƽģżҲһЩ˻ʱ򣬾ħ֮ʱˡ
Ϊħ֮Ĵڣǲ˵Ĵвʼûжϵ
˵ʦ貵ǣħ֮ǵĹ屦
ħ֮ӵеĶǹġ˶٣Щħ֮ƫȴǰС
˵ʵᡭô˵أͷ·һ㡣
Ȼʦܴħ֮ģʦһƷ޷ħ֮顣
ܽҲˣѧԺӵĻǼձ
˵ô໰ҪȰȥμӻչǲμӶǲιۡ
ѧԺʦϲڻչֳʦƷԺʦˡÿĻչǲݴĻᣬ㲻Ҫԥˡ
˵زˣûвĵ
Ȼ󣬻صᣬĥһԼĿǰյļաĲ٣඼ѧģˮƽǸȤо뷨ֻô
滭ԼⱲûô԰ա
Ͼѧľ԰գڵûѡһЩھҵרҵɼ԰жϲˡ
ȥһݻչ̣Ȼ¸ھǵչ滭չ¸³԰ա粢û԰յ˵ֻչֲչʱ䲢Уɢɢġ
Ȼȹ£һԼͷĳƷ
棬ΪĪɯʦϲղѧƷͷֻпѧ󻭵һЩҲ١ƷʸһЩģ߰˷еġ
̷棬һֱѧĶľƷûУһЩСһȻǸͲ
԰գϰסڷֲЩȻѧһ̨꣬ȴѾˡ
еûʲôƷ֣ƷȴԶƷ
ʱµƷ⼸ٳɵĶʱûĺá
ǴԼЩȥչģѧԺıҵ϶࣬
ȰڹҵһƷʱѵЩЩ㴴ģ
ѧЦˡЦЦ
ľΪˮƽжá
֪֮Сʱ򻹻̰治ϺúѧϰΪĿƽʱֵôɢѧϰȴûһиѧϰɹһֱ
ǣҲֻͬС
ͬУҲûˮƽ츳ѧġ
ȴʵЩƷһõչֻҪרҵʦԸΪͽ
ǿЦˣΪʲôʵڲԼƷʲôرġ
ĿЩӵؿκμնԣԵƷ㼼ձǷȱҲûԵƷ㼼Ҳǽʮ㡣
˵иĴġ
ʱ̲סǧҪԼһʱ֣֮򡭡һʧҲź
ˣ˼ǡԼƷԣ
ǡ˿ԼƷûʲôطһ
ԼŬƷȻҲģҲû˵Űɣ
ȴǲ֪Ϊ֮ӣӽȻˣһԴڡ˵ֱӺһ硭ܹõ죬Ǵʱ޷õġ
Ÿӵ飬һƷо󾫣ѡõļ
뿪֮ǰ̲סʵĲЩȥչ
ҡͷ̫ҡˡ
ϣȴ̲ס̾˿ԼϲϵŮʵǹҫˣԼɵüӰѾ˽غˡ
-

100 ҳ

鲻̫ãΪİĶְʥѧԺ֮Ȼûлعһμҡ
һζûУ
֮ǰ˵ֻΪżõʱޣѰؼҳġ
Ȼʵϣµڵʮ£˸£СӶûлؼһˡ
ɷڼ䶼æýŲմأȥץˡ
Ȼ֮ûеĶǲǳ£ΪþѧԺεʦÿݶؼҵ֡
£ÿ϶֪ͨ
Ȼڣպͷ¶ˣƱȥʥѧԺһˡ
ȻʥѧԺѧƶʥѧԺİǰѧԺʦΪ˵ʥѧԺġ
ӽѧԺҲʱعͶǳϤ
˵ǰѧԺᣬſ˵Ǽֱ֮ӵˣϧûӦֻſڵȺˡ
λʱ򣬾ͿһλŮʿվڶţؿһۣӭ϶Էߣ¶һòЦݡ
Сʧź¶̾ʥѧԺײͬ죬һŮɫò˫֡˶ӣûôÿء
ϧԼҶӲϣҪȻˮ¥̨ġ
ʱ򣬾ͿԼĸ˫ֻؿϣԴ֪ʲô
ôˣ
ӵһϲȻŭˣ㻹ң㶼ûؼˣôҺ˵ġ
һϸһĨȻ
Լ񡭡һֱûлؼң
ǲ˼顣
ŮĶԸΨȴ඼Ҫըˡ
Ҫӵ뻳еСԼһ
ǵģһӿ˶ӵĲԡ
ôˣЩĵʵ
ҡҡͷŵȥ˵ɡ
ѾָƷ߽ᡣ
һȥŵŨζСߵһ˼صѧԺòᶼԼİɣ
ش𣬹⿴豸ʹúۼѾҵˡ
͵תͷ꣬۾ǲϲŮˣ
ʵʱָᡣ
Ҫ֪ԼҶȻһֳڵĳգΪ̵ĹϵǷǳ³ġ
֣ЩҲûԹķˡ
ΪˣȻʼ³ܲ
Եûз֪һֱҸģ¸ûıҪ
֪ӵ˾Ȼ֮ǰԼǸŮƾ֮ȴһ֡Ȼĸо
Ķ㣬ܹϲϵģҲŮˡ
ˡ
һֱãƽ˻ˣϲֻˡһϲһƽˣҪҡֻܣҪôǸƽʲôûзֵģҪôνİʵһơ
˹Щǳʵѧ𣿡ڱǽȻã˵ǸҲֻܸӵˡ
ûС΢΢Цܹܵϵһ㡣ֻ֪֪ˣȴû뵽ȻǶ֪һܵϢ
ôܣʶʲôΰɣ
׿˵ġЩ˵һʷΨĵôܹƽ֮
һ㶣֣ԼҶ˵Ŀܻеģ
ѹʦģʦΪʲôǲԣֻԼҶӺǸСӾͲ˵ˣǵ̥ԲοôСĺ˫ܹܵϵã
СֱΪԼҶӴġ
Ƹ˻ˣСԶӵԺһҪʥǣҺһҪߣֻȥŮǱߣ˼˫ܵܰˡ
⵹˵ЦǰµģĻһʦء
Ҳģ±ˣǲǸ˫ܴܵȵ߷Χڡ
Ȼû׷
Ҳ뵽ˣüͷְûӦǶ˼һİɣôĻ˸µʱ䣬Ȼû׷
˵һҿˣȻôûá
Щ壬ӵһر𡭡׷ʵ˵Сƻģֲвõӡ
ֲɵⶼüˣĻܿСŰ׳԰׺ȣԸĨε⣿
ƫƫСƤһ޶ûСƫˣģرɰҲûˡ
ǰ˵ȥɷȴЩɵ˼ҵ˫ܵǲ̫ˣ
ƳĬãŵ㶼˵СԵܵܲûˣûΪϣһСµһӡ
-

101 Լ

ʥѧԺһдССĻݽǽרҵʦֵƷÿһʱ䣬ˮƽĶᱻµĶеľƷ
طȴÿ궬Ъչչĵص㡣
ÿ죬طüΪ֡
Уһμѧμ˻չ
һԣֻҪύȥƷᱻ˻ȻƷܰڷĸҪʱίƷˡ
ʱίᣬһרҵʦһǻʦ
ʵϣڳΪίԱרҵʦǻʦǶǱ֮Ψֲġ
ʵ̫ˣһ
Ҫֻѡץεķʽպã갢ˡ
Ҫ֪Ѿʮû
ϸ첲ȵģϣװģԼȡ
һ˵ţһĿȥˡ
ϧûϵһһרעеĹ
״ЩɥڵˣһҲϡ
⻰иȥְĻʦв̣Ҫ˵ʲôͱһԵͬס͡
Թ춼ûзӦҲû˼ˣֻܿͰ͵ؿʼɻ
УЩֲڣֻȥ̳Ϊȥеɡ
ʱһһţ۶ˣȴԽû˼
ǡʱһСǰ
ԭû⣬Ȼһ֣ʹ˾
һֻľϺҪ˵ˮƽҲöߣȻǳѧˮƽҲеȵļˮƽȻ
Щֻ̾ϺеĴԼɫв죬ΪһֻϺ
ĵߣȴ̳һֻżŵϺ
ⲢǱ棬Ҫ˵Ļơ
ƣȴǺܶʦ׷һӶ¡
ȲҳϣҪ֪ĸѧƷ
ȿ?桱֣ʱˡ
ΪЩȻᣬȾϲ֮࣬ȴ
òᣬԺŮҪְ֮ɣ
ǿɾǱˣ
ʱ⵱Ժ顣ѹֵ˻֣֮˸ˣΪʦԺȴɥ
֮󣬰ֱ˽ύƷ
Ȼֻ֣ľϺżȻֵġļƷǻľֲĻݣƵʡ
һ鶯ʻ˼鼫ˡ
Ȳһ㽫ԼķָˣȻ˶˺ͬĵǡ
ͲȻһֱڸȿС໥ҲѾϤˣûмƷȴǵһֹ֪ϵĵ
һʱ䣬һʦļֱһˡ
󣬻Ƿʲôδ֪ڵ̫Ҳ޷ı
β֪ǸõĵĻǵġ
̾˿ʵƷŵĸ
ȻǾƷˣ
ļȷʵкܴĸĽռ䡣
ҪȻŸߵɣ
󣬻ǲİеҲøǺǷǡǺƷжرһ˿ƷһۿþޣϸڴϸֻüѰƷҲһˮƽˡŵλúˣѧҪѧԺЩֲܸ˵
˶٣ǺӵδѧͬһƬء
˵زȻûˡ
ѧԺʦһ̸ȴǲ֪ģȴھᡣ
ԭԼ󡪡ӦԼɣȻ˵Ϊ˸Ҫѡһԭϡ
ʵϣҲˣ뵽ĽڰԼȥ
֮ǰûԼᡣȻƽٳȥǳȥҲΪԭϡֻһȺСȴһжġǲܸһȥֲǺˣ߯û˼ˡ
ȵҪܾһ̣ðɣóϣȻûӦԷ׷󣬵ǶںһƷ˧֣ǺĶġ
оԼԽԽûнڲˣ
ѧһ꣬ʥǣȲ˵ϤѧԺĽֵȴ塣Զȴûȥˡ
ǡãҪȥľϤĵط
Ҳ⣬ϾѧԺЩԭ϶Ǹѧõģ˵ҲͨƷʡҪ͸Լĸ׵õԭȻҪúһЩˡ
ĸʲô·ϣʵ
Ȼ˸壬ڵе
е
ˣó
ó΢ЦϲСҺҰֶëһֱû취⼸һֱоеѾƳɸˡ
-

102 콵ԩ

ʥΪĳУֵϵȴࡣ
ʵҲ֪ˣִĴиָӯΪĿĵѳȻڲԭϣκֹƷƵ״󣬴ҶԹֵȤȻǴۿˡ
ȻȹҲϵһƤݵ꣬Ⱥ֪طӦԡ
ҪеʲôҪ䲼ϵƤݵꣿ
䡭֮ǰѯʱûж˵ԼĹ۵㣬Ȼ˵õЩˣ
еĻǲӦȥꣿȿѵ
ЩʧؿһۣΪЩȽϸȤġ
񣬾͸ί̹һ
ЩܲסرһǸϽȥɡ
ⶫʵܿ죬뾡취ʱ䣬һСʱǽҪĶˡ
ܣʵһ㶼ȱЩ
һϽȥɵı飬ͻȻһڵȥгһɡѧԺṩʳĶһЩģһЩϡеʳģ͵ԼгѡǺʣѧԺͺṩ
ȹȻĶˣǡ
һԥ磬гӦҲЪ˰ɣִľ飬гӦó磬ȵ磬öˡ
ǰ˵ģӦҲǲ
ȴڵİɣڲгˣҲܴ򵽺û
˵治ǴġȽ˲г˼ˣܿһЩöմӵժ߲ˣʵŹǺţＹȻһֻз
˵ʵЩȵĿˮڵЩ졣
˽ʳķźãҪк뿪ʹһ
꣡
ǸεεŮ
ɫһ䣬ȴǲûᣬֱӶųϽ뿪
ģĻһ˦ǰˡ
͸ȥͿһƯŮ׺棬һ׷һߺ֡󣬼һҲûͣµĺۼԽԽԶͣһܻز֪ʲô
ЦЦƳһۣﲻ֪Ϊξǲ̫
һ飬˻û׷أɲᣡ
ǸŮ˽н?ƽ游游ѡԭһ֧չòǴ游ȥ֮󣬼ԽϵʵѾôˣֻĸԭĽʳǼҡĸĸƽƽһһϸ硣ҲΪСϲ׷󣬵ˣĸҸһǰҪǸϸһ̥ӡ֮취ְʥѧԺԼⷽԸҲΪڼﱻòðӳˡٷǳ죬ڲ˵Ժû˵
˫̥֮ٴһֻ֪ˮɵЦϣֻҪĶԸͶԷһӡ
Щమķ޾ͲˡʵϣִУЩŮһǶԼİûи𣿻һ󲿷ȴɫѸġöˣŮˣƯŮͶͱҲò԰ײԡ˵ЩΪ˲ȨϲˣȥС̵Ůˡ
֮ҳⶫǾء
澪ˣû뵽
Դ㲻ԸΪϲǶǸ⣿
ȻǣЩеصҸͲϲ֪µʱһжӦƫƫں֮ǰͽϢȥˣ˶ĵǣȻܶ˶ý²ñʾҰƽӲ˵˱˻ԣҲݴĺûᣬô˵ƯԸҲᣬ츳ҲȥϾ˼άҪôһӴҪôԺҸɷĹѸҪӣ˭Ĳ
ǣΧ˾ͿʼΪΧṩĸ˵䣬Ҫһ
Ǵһ֧ҪϾ
һùǺڼûˣ뷨ӻѧԺ
˵꣬ȾԼۼֱˢһһֱòˡô˵أ㲻˶Ǻˣʲôˡȴû뵽ȻҲ˻ô޳ܣ

Ƴһۣ֮׷ңǲҪҳһȵ׷֣ʹһؼЩۿ˵͵ļһúÿϾҵò츳ܹǸѹġ
꣺
û뵽кͽͱˣûüţ˺һϵеĻ
һ˲䣬Ӷľģһʺ治ϱá
˭ģ
ʲô֮Զ
콵ԩ˵ľڰɣ
-

103 ӭж⣿

ðɣȳǹġ
ȻΪˣҪദܿ
ʵϣȻΪº񣬵ȴﵽⶼ͸侲ǻ֮ˡ
˺ðΣŻعȻͿеĽ
һ˲ʲô׵ģ
Щε֪жϲ㣬׽ŪҺ𣿡
⻰û⣬ֳ˵̲סԼСࡣ
ķǳʺżǣұĶǿһٱ
Ȼʱȴûз֣ôһ仰˵ǽĹϵˡ
Ȼ󣬹죬һȾɥĲ¡
ġ
磬λȥ緹վ¥ݿڵꡣк뿪ԷȴһԷ
ʮȻܡ
Ȼܵȴ֪Է첢û͡
Ǹѧ˵Ժ󶼺һԡȵɫЩʲô𣿡
ҧûʲôԡ
Ȼʵ˵ȻԼŵʳƾʲôԣ
ȵڶ죬ѹﲻԡ
Լһͺһԣ¥ֲϹǻô룿
ȻΪѾһ˰
ںڻü
ȻڵĻᣬһԷ˳һεõ廨
ȼܿΧȺеİԺ
˵ʵõ廨ҵϡȻѾСŮˣҲʵѿ顣
䡭òϣԼ겢ûжġ
Ȼֶĺ̶ܴǻڶԷɫ
ȻȽᣬȾͰԼˡΪ㣬Էȴǲܣɴ̵õϡ
ϳֵϸС˿ڣЩʹȴǵֹ𣿡
û˿ŭϣʵΪʲô
Ϊ֪
һۣ֪ǲҪϡ
ȵɱ۾˶ܿŭȻҲˡ
ΪʲôֱܿҲһоûУҲܿȷȷʵʵҡ
ͨദѾףԼϲһķǳᶨŮⲻԸӦ׷ôˣٶСУҲ޼¡
ȻˣػصĲԾͲʺˡֱѣ쵶õѡ
ԣȵŭͬһһйˣ΢΢һܾشģ
Ȼ⡣ף֪𰸣޿κµ׷ʣҪ֢ҩ⡣
̾˿㲻ԸشԺ󶼻ýߵ׷ʽҲǺ׼ġ
㡭û뵽ˣ
СˣֲǿˣżǳҺ𣿡
ֱǱ
ȷܽĹǣһƺҲͦã
һڵҶҵĵܵܲûʲôŮ֮飬Ҳ̸ϸãĻⱲӶܺ顣ǣҲϣΪңһӱ˳Ц̧ͷ
䡭ӦûҪɣ֪㲢׻ЭˣҲȥ̫ᷴˡ
Ⱳӣ̫۵顣
ûпڣȻƺ˳Լ˼ڵ˵ˣ㲢ܵܽ顣ôǷһⱲעҪ˳ЦѵҪЭӦһ𣿡
˵ţĿⲻȵı顣
΢΢һȴǸᶨҡͷҲЭ
ǾͺðˡһʵϣԺʥǵ˿һӶ֪ȻҲû취ȥЦܵܡ֪ˣΪԶҲǱһʱۣܿͻᱻ
˶٣ЩСĵʵӦòִҪصɣ
һ㣬ȻûʲôִȻЩ᲻øĸ֪Լ޴һ²ǳ֮ơ
ˣҡҡͷ
ٴ˿Ȼڽ飬Ҳ֪Ϊʲôһ¡ֻҪһһûʽûǷݻ֤ʲôϵأ
һҪšĿƵؿȵҾԲȥκġ
ȱԼҡˣԼǵЩƺǶģ
ȴûпʹµ۵һİ
-

104 

ֵһһȵıҵÿʱ򣬾ͱ˱ҵ̨
ϾܶҵƷǽ֮޷ڴġʥѧԺҲӭһ֡
Ȼʱ򣬶ȶȴЩ̫Ѻá
ȻڼУͬѧϿˣȴȥʱûоħֵ֮ѧͲ˳ȥˡ
ֻһСĽӴù鷳ˡ
ȻҲ֪˵ùˣʱˡ
һʼûע⣬ֻǾЩŷҲûʲô£Ի˯ˡ
һ˯˯˰ҹ
ʱߣֱϡ
ѣȴԼȻûһ㶯ȴǽ꾪ˡ
ˣЩɳƵ
ʲôʱģȿʵ
ȻԼԼŵˡ
ôˣʵ
꽫ͷƴ򿪣һƬȵĶͷ˿ˡ
Ⱦȣˣ
ͷһʱ˯²ʡҲյͨ졣
Щ£Լûо˯һҲܡûչʲôԭģ̶ȻأҪһܹȬڼҲܻиֲʡ
ֱĸطԡ
Ȼ㲻֮ǰҪûֻ֮Ĳ֢ûá
ܸ֮ʱܸã˱ԣʵǼعֺ֮δ֮һĴڡ
֮ǰҪȵʱ䵹ˣ״̬ص֮ǰ
ȻȴһöûС
ãȻʲô
̾˿ħ֮Ҫˡ
۾һǺ°֪Ѿ꼶ѧˣͬͬѧѾħֻ֣֮ûоѵļ
ʱڣֻһҪᡣ
û򵥡ȴüͷҵҲǺһǲܿƵطࡣҰ軹Ϊҵ˹ֲȥҽʦʱʦȴһЧûСȵ꣬Ҳž˻֮֡
ɵˣ˼ǣһҪܹħ֮֡лֻӣ
ֹܲꡣüҾͰѧԺûа취ֲܹڡ
ǣǾѵʱûô鷳ġü
ʵҲ̫˶٣Ժ˵׶忪ʼҵӦ֮תƵ˫ֵΪǵľ̫ǿˣԲŻ󡣡
ҪȴԼ
æǰһͷ󿪿ڵ𼱣ϢСʱ֢״ͻˡ
˵ţͷһǡ
ʶҪȴԼû̧ͷʱЩɥ
겻ЦˣԼ촽͵߸ס
һξߢģ̲סЦ
˾һʵʲôҸȥ
˵Ȼãһ˵͸оӳճǼ
ȻԴͣ̾˿򵥵İɡ
Ҹѯ
ûĶóԡ
Ȼ˵ȵϴϷܣŹͷõԼߦģƯ̫ӵͷ档ΪӪ⣬˵㶹ѿ˺
Ϊûٷιġ
ȵ꣬죬Ȼµ磬˯һɡ
ûԼû˯⣬ֻӦûû˯
һƬڰУŽڶߵĺ˵£ǲ˼飬Լ˾ȻѾһˡ
ȴδĿ졣
˵һʼ˶ֻôȴֹڴˡ
һᵽǴδйɣûκѹὫе鶼Ϊɨ˺󻼡
˺õԼڵһĲʵ
֮ĵεΣȽ硣
ʱѾˡ˶ֽţȻ˵ģˡ
оЩճ壬ȱϴ˸軻·ȳȥһȻ緹ȣȡ
ȵȳ緹궼ʰãش̧ͷһͿƿ߽꣬ԼԺΪ׵һʦ
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105 С

Ժʦǣôˣæӭȥ
ţʵǡʦɲĿʮء
ȣһʦһӦǽһ
ž񲻴ֳɵ
ʱ˶ѾˣĿռʵСô˼ɳ
æҳ͸۵Σ˶е
ȣڸоΣһ˵ţס֣޺ľͬϸһʹȫ¡
ûʲôرĸоҡͷ
˵ע£˵ͷȷʵûʲô⣬һ޶
˶٣ûп
ȣָҡǡʱڵ
ȻĪڶԺΣǽ˳ȥ
ס֣ȻʼһָһָڵȥĶȴû˴š
֮ŷſȵ֣ЩɻЩı仯Ǻ굱ͬ
ͬ¶⡣
Ҫֻ֪֣зʦҲֻ
ڲʦܹͨ̽ħ֮־ѵġ
ǡã֮һ
ãſڵ굱Ĺǽںܺأȣȴӯò˼顣
˵һȺ˼
˵ͷЩЦȽѵӦòʱ֮֡
ֻǡû˵ǣЩֵ֮ˣȵĹǽƺӯ鶯ˡ
ֻҪųʱ֮ܣӦþֻ֮˰ɣ
ԷΪ׵һʦǴŻϲ뿪ġǰԼëԼȵѧ?š
ǼϲʵϲȵĻһֱĹǾȻѲ֮֡
֪Ϣβˣ
ϵЦݲõöͬеʦЩˣΨһĸ˻ֵ֮ķ
ʦһߣ˾Űݷˡ
ôʦţֲϹģȻע⵽ˡ˵ǰݷãʵŴ̽Ϣġ
֪ȵħֳ֮˾ףпɣȴЩġڶʮ˽֣֮츳֮ߣ˵һеٮٮߡŮֻһ֣֮Ҳֻһ
Ծ⣬ñǿҲˣپ֮֡
ԺͨȷԺѵĲʱ֣֮һӱ㷭ֲζġ
ͬȪ˼ϣĿʼնϣϾЩˡ
˵⼸ҲüѣвѧԺУݣȻÿβԵãȺõ΢꣬;й
ϾЩǿˡ
˵ǣЩѶᡣ
˵С˼Ȳǲ˴ţҲϸǼƽϡ
ǡʱĿ䵽ȪϡȻˣڵȪҼǵó鱦Σױ𣿡
Ȫһ㶣漴ЩᣬҪģҲ֪ױǰҪġ
Ȼˣȴûܾû취˭ѧر󷽣ԼæױУԷһóױмֵĶ
Ȼ׼ȡһСк챦ʯݹҼﻹһذ̴ľһȥø㣬Щ챦ʯװΡ
Ȫ˵ͷһʵҪʲôģһĻǻһģ
챦ʯʺϻһЩи塣
ȴչʵǸ̶ģ
Ȼǡ꺬ЦǸģҿױѾˡ
һûעΪϲĹϵЩƽﶼġȻ鱦βԣôһþͲˡȻ겻ô룬ʱʱãѾױˡ
ԴĪֺ֮󣬾Ͳͨɨ׬ǮˣȲ뵢͸˹ӶϵȻȻģļ񶼱˹ȥ
Щεؿ꣬ȴֻ۵׸ᡣ
˵˵ű㿪ʼüĿ飬Ľ
ȣ㡣ǡʱóһӵ˹
ʲôȽӹ
Χ˶٣һ۵ѧ֯ģʽƵģΧ
˵ʵڷǳϰʱʱСȴɻ̲סϲ
򿪺ӣһһɫëΧȻǺܼ򵥵ĸӿʽҲǳ䡣
ҺϲЦ
ڣ»̲סһڡ
-

106 

Դ½ħ֣֮ȴٳûж֮֮ദЩ˵ЩˣȴȷʵЩ˵һˡ
Ͼܶ໰⣬ΪȻûоħ֣֮ȴǸû֪ģȻҲĲ
Ҿģ˵ҲͨС£ȵҲ岻ϻ
Ǵʲôʱҵ򿪿ʵ
ʥѧԺǰ궼μһһȵǵ˵ıҵҶϲĥϼʮȥ
ҲˣʥѧԺ꼶ġ
ǡãǸոͨ˽ܲμӱҵˡ
Ȼû˻֮ǰϰ߹һͲμӱҵ
Ͼ뿪ʥѧԺ֮Ǿû취ʲôɻҵʦ𡣱ʥѧԺĲҲԱġ
ʱûáĪҷþáõѧԺʦٱҵ
ûмۣһ˫̥磬Աص磬ʥѧԺ
Ҫһֱȥһ꣬һʮģѧԺһֻ۱һֻۣپþҪȡʩˡ
ҾٴꡣȪһҸϵѧԺƣѾҵؼˡһֱдʲôʱܻȥ߶Ҫǽ顣ֱˣ
´ȴǵһ
Ȫ˫̥񺣣˵ǻǼġô˵ءͨģǳ࣬ܺԸҲûʲôͻĵط֮ȪһĵطûС
򴽣СҲĪһţҸ硭μӱҵȻȥ顣
˵һŮı鶼ЩһѾ
ô˵أ˶Ҳ˵áᣬΪϲģɹܰųеģǳаˡħ֮ȻȼߣóȻûоͨļգȴȫܣʲôһ㣬ĺܱ
˰ɡرǿ
һʼû˷һ㣬ͬһʦͶվһ˵ĳˡԴ֮Ϳʼ¿ΡֻҪǳţͻšһԣЩʦͻɫѿ취Ͻ
ҲǺֹƣ˹Թ۾;ͦܲ˵ġ
ˣһܹǶԴӦЩƵġֻ費ףΪҲö˵ʲô
ЩҲĪһһһɡ
Ҷ԰ѧҲҿóĿҲѧʦ̡ǱҵŬΪʦȻרҵεʦ
˵Ŀ䵽ͩϡ
˵ǻֻЩǣǺɸˡ
ͩòҪͱҵɣȪü
꼶ʱͩٻȥһˣȻ˫̥Ϊ̸һѧԺˡΪ˻ᣬⶰ¥ߡˣҲᵽ˶¥ԭԶࡣ
ΪסԶһʼҶûʲô뷨
ȻʱˣҾͷ⡣
ͩʵϸǶ
ͩҲ֪ȱôģǶƴӡ
˵ͩҲûԵɵġ
Ҫ˵ҲһôҲûУͩļˣͩеҲܰæ
ǣֺ֮ͩħƷ׵еõнȴһֲٵر
һʼ֪²ûж룬ֻΪǮ
ֱȪżȻŮӴΣ󷽵һǮԷĿڴ
⻹ʲô׵ģ
ȪﲻסӣȻ͸ͩͩʱҲܷŭҲ֪ôŪģڶ͸˵ᡣ
ҲƵĳǻͩһʼȥҲ֪ô˵ģҲᵱһˡ
֮ǰͩ˵ҪҵȻܹϽ飬ֻԼЩԥ
ͩóͻеƫƧĳǳУҪôûеطӣҪô롣
֮ԣܹʥõġ
ͩĲ˵ڶѧҵ̬ϣȴרעġ
ҡһҪ롣˵Ŀ⣬һԥؿڵ
˶һۣȴѾһҪͩˣ»ȴʲôʵв̡
ʱȪȵĻӦòõɣ
һ㶣˼ˣϾѧԺ޸ʦȼҵˣҲܹΪġ
-

107 

Ҫ˵һ˵ʥѧԺˡ
֪ڲ˫޷Ǽǽġԣһ£һЩǲὫûлϵİͬΪġ
ȻʥѧԺȴ⡣
ѧԴ̣ʦͽְԴһǰᣬҲãҲãҪ˵ͬ
ǵͬûлϵҲǼǵ˲ͬǺϷҲûá
ϾȻܹ飬ѶʵǴ󣬳ɹֻ˻С
˵ʥѧԺʱڣ㲻ˣʱܴҲǲʺġ
ѾˣȱҵȥЧÿս¿Ρ
ĩ֪겻ȥصشСһˡ
̣ôˣſЩȡ
ȷ˹ϵΪǲúͳӴģԴЩų⡣
ȴǸͶȻǸģһЩȴֻʺŮõģȻΪ׼ġ
Էʵ⣬Ƚؾò˼ĸԶٷҲûоܾ
ȺӴԽԽ࣬䷢ڵʮ衣˵䲻ǫĻħƷڻùһۼյĻЩרҵʦмġ
ǡھħ֮ǰǲܰʦġ滭Լͽģûаʦʸû취ϵͳѧϰƫƫʱĽѾҪʦԽѧʱˡ
Ҳһ㣬ָʦ
֮˫վͻס죬ȽԽ̵
ȻϽа̣ʵѾԷ˵ʦ
Ȳ֪ǣһ֧Ƿÿһ˫öһѧӱһѧ̡˵һ֧Ŀұ죬һר֪ʶͼȴǱ֮ʥѧԺй֮޲ġ
СѧӱԸȵ̣ʵǱཫŮ
ûжϱĸ
Ⱥúõģ˿˸ﴫ˿ţֻ˵㿪ʼоףʲôû˵һչ˲㣬ڿɫôãҾͷˡ
˵ţʼԼĶ
ѣ˲ɵģǶƷʣǵÿ˯ǰһյҰӵѸҴģҲܲˡЩҰ࣬ѵõĺöкôЩӺӶ͵ģҲǺûɫҶ㳴ˣƽʱû¾͵ʳԡˣƴһֽҸ˻ңζЩԵʱгɱƬһζûˣ֪ô
Щ壬ôණ֪ĻΪôء
ԣȴһɫ㲻ҲһҸֻҽʱһҽʦ˵ˣ֮ҽߵĽǶȿʵòĿ顣Ҳ飬ֻҪԵöԵúãļʱͻ䳤ǻǸҽյЩӪȥˣʲôͽǲҪȽ
˶٣û˵ѻ֣֮峹׺תҲ¡
һ˵ģ
ĻɣϾԷϲԵģ˵̫ˡ
ȷǳûҪι֣
ģ֪ǲţƾͲ䷢ˡԼԾ֪ģԵԽãյӪԽ࣬ļʱͳǵʱûԹӪ㹻Ļ㲻ˡ
겻֪Ҫʱһʳġ
ԭĲϲ³һȴҲϰˣÿοȿĵسʳø֮¡
ɨҲǣԭ˵ϲᣬֻͦ˷ʱģöˣüʵҲ򵥣ÿ컨ʮʮӾˡ
ǣƺһģȰŴ˴֣˳극һȥơ
ΪǺڼ䣬ѧԺ΢Щ壬ߵѧԺſڣƾֹˣԼ뿪ˡ
ֻᣬһ߽ȵԼĿڴһߵͷ˵
ݣʵ֮ǰ˵Ĳ࣬ǳԵġ
ȡðɣʵҲر𿹾ܡ
Ҫ¥ȴʱһд
һԣȲϲµˣȻһѧԺǼ̫Ϥˡ
ǱˣȪġ
-

108 

üЩԶ
üȻȥȥң
ҡͷһ𡣡ʵ˵ͷȥңҲ֪ʱǾԲжġ
ѧԺһȦҪʱһŲ
棡Χǽߣ˵꣬˺һξС˷Χǽϡ
ҲҺòΧǽƬ
ȴһ֪Ȼ֣
ʵϣһԭǸܷϣҲгˡ
Ȫȴǹ˲ˣΧǽͷ˴ǰȪ
ʱͷ·Щңɫ죬µЬӻȱһֻš
󣬼˻Ŷӣɫ׷š
˽ԼȪԺ̧ͷЩſȡ
ʱһϲһ
Ȼȳ֣׷ļ˷׷ͣȻ㿴ҿ㣬תˡ
겻֪ʱҲΧǽһ𷭵档
ôˣȷסȪĿɨĶӵıӰüЩô£
ȪԺˣؿϣҧһǸ˸ӣҪǲƤҵ־͵д
Ҫ׷ʣȴһ䣬ȴǿԼԺ˯ˡ
һʱЩЦãֻýƵϣ˸ȥ
ȴסɡ᲻ȱ
ȻȿһȪڼϣȻְ˷£ٱϣٷ£Ȼ
һ˵ҪԴס
·𿴳ɻ͵ֻҿ԰ȥ
ȣȪѾ˯ˡ
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Ȫܹ֮ɣûŻ£ҲȺһ
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֮ܰաһ˲ȪЩŤġ
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ˣæкԷϽȥϴһ£ȻԷ
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ʰãȪʵ֮ǰô£ЩΪʲôҪ׷㣿
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Ǹ˵
ʥҲҹִڣǲֱˮֵطҪôȪһӵˣҪôһЩƿһѰеġ
˵ȪҲֵطĳˣѾｻϵġιҲŵ㡰ԡ˼
Ȼû뵽ǣһȦ۲ûҵˣںͱŮ˵顣
ȪǸһöָȥƱһƣǺȥ˹˶ϡ
֪ͩŪסˣҲ״ˣֱӵ
֮µˣȪȴǸˣʣµĺƺ
ȵ뿪ʱЩȸˡ
߳һξ룬ȴһȺ˶Ƕ
ǻˣЩκܵѧԺſˣ֪ôģԶˡҲҿҼ飬ͷĶӣЬӶˣ򻹲һܵùǡ˵Ȫ¶⡣
Ȼܿ죬ɫѿˡ
ˣҵԿ׶ڰҰѰˣ
ҵҵķҵҰﻹһʯ
Ȫȵɫѿ
͵վȥ
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üؼûóѰҲû֤ݡʲô˼Ȼµˡ
뼸׷һƵƯŮˣ´ĲǸ⣬϶Ҳٲ˳Զռһ
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Ǿ͸١ʧЩֵɲС
֮ǰǽһʱ֪ʵǸûҪˡ
Ȫһ㶣ЩԥҪ˵Ǽô죿
ȻɶٵĳͷҪСһЩܽͽһǾٺòˡ
ҿ֤
ʲô֤Ȫˡ
-

109 

ȿζȻ˵ʵ˵׷㡣
ȪһԺȵ£ֻҪ˵ʵģ˻жϡ
£ֻҪ˵ʵ
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Ů˵飬Ϊѱƽ֮һƣȻ뿪ʱס֮ܡԣӦϵĲﱻߣЩ˻Ҫץ취ߣЬǣѧԺͬѧ
ôˣ⻰ô룿
ϵǳЦȪһĨͻȻãԼλͬѧ˽ƺЩ
ȴǴͷβɫûһ£Լϲˣôܲ˽⣿
ŮǽĻ䡣
ȻʱѾˣȾ²Ϲҹ
ˣɫûȫǱȪȥһ˽
ȻȪ˵ˡ龭ȺΪ֤˲˵ĹԱΪһʼⱨǼ⣬Ǽɫ⡣
¼˻صᣬȪЩĵ᲻ӣϾȻһʼסң׷ѧԺͳˡ
˽ƻúܣץס棬ͩƽǸʮʮլͩавɹ֮ͼУˡ
ֻҪǱͩۿܹŪȥ
ǾԲðűֵͩķѧԺ׷Ȫġ
˵㡭ЩؿȪһ۵òΪȥֻΪΰɣ
ѵ𣿡ȪһãȻ
ĵϸ
ΪԱʥǷ˰ֻˣҲƱҪȥĹġ
ȵ˵ͷҡͷֹҪΪ˾ĸĸ
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˼ǣȪҲûɵס
ȵ˵ͷؼǵĸϣ⡭üǿԣҲϣͩĸܹ档ͩھħһ㣬ǵĻ׵ĻӦøá
ΪȪԿ׶ˣ뵽µԿ֮ǰȪֻܽȥˡ
ڶһ磬˾ͽѧԺ
£ʥѧԺ˵ͷһأҲмʮûй־ˡģѧԺʦˡ
ǰȺĹԱ˵һʾҪɷ?洺߽е顣
֪ҪץĲѧֻѧ̣һʦ׷˿ȻҲûΪѵĵ
˵۸ĿԼҵѧ
ľţͩ㵵Ǹˡ
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ͻȻĿ䵽վΧȺеȪϣ˲æ˹ץסȪȪ϶ˣҸ粻ܡ
ܱܲˣ˵꣬ȪЩ͵˦ֵ˵ˣкܶŮˡ˲ֹһĶֹһأҲû֤һһ֮˵ᣬƨԴϵǰ裿
˵꣬ץСѵոձˡ
ͩ˶µģһãȻ޴롣
ȵĿϣò˵˵Ϊɫòֻôһ㣬϶ԣͩȻҲǸСŮվ߾ԵЩѵˡ
ʱƺͻȻ侲ˣô俴ͩã
ȵĹԱ뿪ͩûлعô
ǰļȴû˵ʲô뿪ˡ
״ҲѧǰȻ뿪
ͩٳٶۣҲֲˡΪʲôҶûΪ˵һ仰
Ϊľһ쵰
סԴŬ⼸귢飬ȴһңʲô벻
û뵽ǣһ죬ˣΪȪģЩȴֱʦ칫¥
ȫУʦע£ǽԺ칫ңֺܿ뿪
ѧһͷˮΪѧԺĽְǵõȷϢ
˵ԺģüЩȡ
ͷ˵ҪҪײſѶպְͣҲȷʵҪ֪ͨĸǱ߾ʹӦˡ
ǸԺʲôϵ
ʣͽ⿪ɻ󣺡ΪͩĸԭѧԺרҵʦΪѰҴУŴְԼļѧ뿪ʥǡ
-

110 

ãһƬĲԭϣϤϤһǺ֮
㣡
ʦȣ
ȸϣ
ʵͻȻ𣬰һЩŵشӲݴ
ôƥǻں׷𣿡ͷŻҰ׵һɵʵ
ҸոһӦѾˡһ֮ǰʵһλݿӣβɫε˫ۣдŲӢ١
˲Ǳˣȴʢ?档
ԱߣйȵŮ˿ֵҲҪϽ뿪Ǻܼǳ
ӵ˵ͷѾҰ˰ˣȥĳǳһ°ɡ
ǰǳص·ϣ֮ɡ
ʦҵǿľʮѹݰɣ
ŵüˣһߵͷһߵô࣬һ־ͺáľⶫҲʺҾߣһЩȥ
һ˵ĳǳУֻüùнһϴˡ
ĵҲˡʵϣŵѧҰгǳضȥȻҲǱء
ȴЩ⣬ʥѧԺԱ
֪ͨһȥһˣŵһ㶣˵ʲô𣿡
ԱŹֵؿһ۵ǽҪĶ?洺Ϊץˡ

ŵһôȥʥǣԼжϣ⺢ӵ츳ǲѧʥѧԺġ
ѧ벻ӻǰʥǵɡ
ڶ¡
˵ʲôоԼĶӣҲʵ̸϶顣Ҫ˵Ųʣ
ΪŮ̽ʥѧԺġ˻ش
ԣŵıͱѿˡ
ΪԼ޶ĹϵŮѧ֮û취дţҲ޴ӵ֪
Ҳ֪ʲôʱˡ
ߵλѧЩЦҪʥѧԺһˡ
˵ţЩǸؿ˹ȡ
ЦˣʦİɣѾǵǸСŮˣҲЩˡ
ǸŮӣһ̣Цȴ¶ʯһļᶨ
ʢЦãҲЩĸУˡ
϶?洺ʥǵʱ򣬾ץѾȥˡ
ǱߴϢʱͩ˼ػͼ
ΪĴɤţ¥ˣȵȻҲ⡣
ͩ˶ǴģЩͷԷ˵ĸףҪҪǸҸ
ȵʱ򣬾һ仰
ͩЩŵģǣʶؿ˹
üûĸ𣿡
ͩҡҡͷСûУҸճûãĸͷֿˡ
жƻǲͩȥĸ׵ġ
ǣĸĸ´ûദǾô⣬ƺҲ̫á
Ȫڵһ
ȵ˻ͩ¶ˡþˡı顣
ΪĴףͩĸףԤĶһĻŮˡ
Ȼʵϣȿˣȴ̲ס¶ˡ
վУſڵһ׿ԽĴˣЩҵĲ˳ţü֮θ欶ˣīɫëش²źߣֱ
ʵϣòǼģȻ۵ʡžͨ˺;˵
ડ
˷˵࣬ôһһߵͩǰ
ž
ذñò޵˷׷׻عͿͩһãȻ
Ȼո϶һ⡣
վԱߵæԼһؿ϶
Ůʵ̫ˡ
Զ겻Ůһơ
ʲô
϶ЦǸһУžŻ
Ȼ󣬾ͼֽƿ̧žͽͩߵڵأòȥߡ
һߣһˡ
Ů˵ĶʵڹѸȵ˸ոհͷһĻ˲ˡ
ֱϵĴ¶ǣȥֱһץ϶ͷѧԺϡ
Ϊߵ̫죬Ÿ߸Ьĵ϶ֱŤ˽ţ˲ҽ
ȿɲֱӶһɵ˵˵Ÿʲôȥ
˵ˣȪȴһľֱӷͩߣȥ
ſң̳أ
ڵ϶áȸһֻǽϿ˽Ųǵõ϶ٴηҽ
ͩ˶µģЩǵضǰȵҪǸô죿
ߵֻ֤ץͷԼŤ˽ſɲҡ
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111 

ʥѧԺܽҲʮӵ·̡
ʮӵ·̣϶ȴǱڵòӣͷˣ·ˣһֻ߸ЬЬˣ׵ͷ
ҲˣȾô߽ĹԱɻһ뿴˹
ǡʱȿڵλŮʿܵѧԺѧԺѧŹ򣬱ҵץ˹
ԸǾͽͩƳǿϵİӡֱϱ߳˿ڡ
˵ӡãֱϵ˿ȴЩ£϶Ǽͷ߸ЬûֱֻѪ˿ڣ鲼
ЩԱţЩ̡Ȫ龭һ˵֪߾Ȼܺ˶δĸףһʱ䶼̲ס˿϶Ŀ͸û
϶ùǺָȵԼŮѵˣС潸ץҵͷһ·ҵĽŶŤˡ
ԹԱĿ⣬һεצģץͷû취˴ϵŤˣҪңûվȵµġ
ֱֿ֮ǰδС
ЩԱ̾ˡ˵ǸٷŮģȻһеǿ˼롣
һλŮԹԱŵ϶˵λͬѧŮҲȷʵɵģҪ¡
֮ǰλҲǽˣ̬ȿɲ̫ãֻӲ֪Ǹ˵ʲôߵʱûˡ˸Ǹųȥˣץİˣͽǲԭ
ˣ۵϶ôáǱؽ˽ļ
ֱصѧԺͩƺѹһ㣬һãȻʵոաҶԲԣ
ȪҪڣȻͩҪش־Կڵ˵ҵġ
⻰ҲţȪ̲סҪ㣬ô֮ǰû㣿ȳµΪ˶ӳ֣ȴһ㣿
ʵϣͬѧ꣬ҲѾͩˡ
Ȼ˵ǸŸףʵϣӸǹ¶˵׳ѰԭϣѰҴУСʱƺҲҰȴ㱻Ұ޵ߡױεһԴ֮󶼻Ὣھͽĳǳչˡ
ͩͯ궼շתڲͬĳǳ֮䣬Ҳʹһң̵£ûйܵѡ
ԣʵһǳȱˡ
ƫƫĸ֮䷢ʲô£ײ֪뷨ûи˵ԣںԼֿĸ׺͸磬һֱĴ롣
͵͵ϼңˡ
ԡ
ȿʵͩ꼶꺮٣ǻصϼ𣿡
ǡͩҡͷְֲһϼңҲûȥʶǴȥǰְֵѼңΪԷóеʦЩҪ̶Է
£Ҳɻˡ
ôʵ
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̫ˡ
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ֻǻֻǻɣû֤Ҳ˵ʲô
ʥǵĳšǰһվڳſڣŵ̲ס̾
ѧȴǸвͬ
һسĬһ˿鶼ûУʢĻǺʦӽġڹȣ͸ˣ֮ż
ʥѧԺõļ꣬һ׵£Ҳﾭġ
ˣȥɡŵкһ߽ȥˡ
ȲΣͱе칫ȥˣҲΪֻǹһʱ
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˵ıЩζ
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ʱѾˣȵĽŲӿһЩ¥תǲײϡ
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źԼа˷ݣʢ˲õԤСԷ׼ȷ˵Լĸһס
ȻԼͷ֮󣬾ͿԷЦЦ?档
Լ뿪ǰѾˣʱ˵ܵóܾܵͽޣþͽȡ
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112 ݷ

ֱʩʩȻ뿪ʢز
ǡʲô˼δþȻ뿪ˣʢʱЩͷˡ
ûκԹûκָ
⻰Ӧİɣŵü
Ϊ˵Ĺ֪һ㣬ڵŮӦã
ԡʢĨ˰û뵽
ѧԺѧŵ̾ʢǼҾȻʥѧԺѧѵá
ʢ֮ǰûע㣬ᱻʦһ˵Ҳˡ
ֻǸ˹󣬻̲סȸոǸ̬ȡʲô˼
ѧʣŵüҪҵȻʷ
ǹһѪ˼Һֲ졣
ôˣǿã
ʢʶҪˣҲİ
ʵϣʱûȵŵʣʢķͿ˵ȵ£ڵȥ̽һ¡
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츳δڣȻˣ˹ˡ
ԼѾѩˣӡֻûѧ֪˫ֵܹϵáҲ֪ԺҲǲ޽ӵġ
ʱһ֧ҪϾѪˡ
һʱ䣬ʢĲɳ
˵ǰȻЩԲѩԼʵûʲôģϾ軳ˡ
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Ҫһ̥
֮ǰȥ޸¥һˣֱվڰ칫¥ȣûкʢǴ档ȥ󣬼Ȳûʲôرı֣ȻҲ²
ǣʢŰݷõʱ򣬿ŶԷźȼΪѵЩ¡
ʵϣʢҲˡ
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İݷã֮൹Ҳʮ־ȡţһ˹ȥ
ôʲôҪ˵
ƽ֮ѯʣʢѵؽ͵͵Ŀ˻ſڵ軹𣿡
ͦõġ˶٣ȵѧʱ򣬰ְֽϢ
ʢһûұܿϢǡ
ģʢһš
ȵͷ
ʢʵʵ˿
ԼѩõĽһӲ档ǰãֻԼһڡ˵һѩ֪˹ȵĴڣԻ
أޡһ仰û˵꣬ʢ͸ܵıɱĿ⡣
Ȱס֣ȻʢӦôԺǶ֪ҵˣ
ʢͷȲżҺǶͬҸ޴û׽Сʱ˵顣
ԣ֮ǰûκθ⡣
ǰǲʥѧԺˣҲ֪νġమ
ıۿɼغʢȴסˡ
֮󣬾Ľˡ
ʱʹã񶼼ǵá
ѩĺֹܶ뷨ͬȴȥ׽׽ͬʱʱʱΪͶơ
ַı룬ԼĶֲĸоԣⱲӶټѩٱԻˡ
Ŀ䵽ϣһ£
ȴҵİ꣬ҲʥѧԺҵģѧԺ޸ʦ
Ȼ֮䲻лʽУѾ϶һİ¡
Ȼеںͼˡ
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֮ǰʢԼкܶ໰Ҫ˵Ȼ浽ʱŷ֣˵Ļ֮١
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뿪֮ǰӵ컹ҪʦһЩ£ȹԷ
˶٣ҲҪܸ㡣
ˣգգ۾Ҵаˣ
˵ֻһ磬ǿֱӳƺʢΪǴġȻڲͽֳƺҶĬ˫ãҲɷӵġ
ԣΪᣬȻֻܳƺʢΪ硣
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򵥡ȴǵҸҰһ£֣֮ͬӦһЩĻʲҲû£ʦ޵ķʸܲǻ¡
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113 

ڶһ磬Ȫ͹ţͩİְֵˡ
ȸȪܵͩſڣԥҪҪȥͼűˡ
ôˣ
ô
⣬ʢͬʱʡ
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Ҹͩѡȵ
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ʢҪţæסָָţ
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йʦʦ֮⣬ʦҲǲŮԴһ빤оʲôԺˡ
ǽɣûϵġ
ȺȪͩһɣ΢΢ЦҲ
ȵĿɨߵӣòԣŵǱȲϵ϶ģһ˹ĵѧȴͨˡ
һ˶û˵ȳɵǸȥ𣿡
һȺŻȻ׷ױʾҪȥ
£˵ȥƺЩⲻȥҲȥˡ
ʢߣСʵʦǸʲôˣʦǿмϤʦȴһ֪
һҲ
ʵϣڸĵŵ͹Ҳţõһ𰸣Щ㵡
ȣȪȴǺҷһ¼ģС˵ˡ
ǲ֪жģͩ׵еõĽ𼸺ץƽӲͩð㶫ЩǮȥ椿ͩҲɵǶϺöˣҲ˵ˣܱŪȥϴǸٰҲΪͩƽ
ŵѻ˵꣬Ȼתͷͩô͵ģ
£ȺȪҲý׷׿˹
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ˣŵе㲻ŵʵ
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̾˿Ҫ˵£ǡһλĸףô㿪ڣ
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˵ӣŵıЩӵ϶ỳһ⣬ҩϣͨҸı⣬뷨ʱոոС
˵ʵҵҪӴΪļǲܳһ㣬Ӧøл
ǳҼ飬϶˷衣
ҪǶߣǵ϶ϣֻҴһӡ
Ҳû̫֣ʱ̫ˣҲ֪ôֶûãǰԼȥ顣
֮䣬ѡ㣬Ϊ츳Ժܳڣҡ㣬ƱػǨŭ㡣
ŮԳһʼͺǱĶӣȻѾˣҾͲڡҲǣҪ׵ĿȥûйϵҲ㽫ɷ츳ΪʦվҪֵˣ˷ʱ䡣
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ŵһתͷŮòΪԭŽİɣ
ͩͷֻһ˫ŮΪ
ȺȪҲˣһֱΪͩΪȱԲȴȻͷ
-

114 

ȺȪͩͬʱ̾ͩǸʵӰ
ҪҵĻԼĲҪģ˭ʲôѪУ
ŵȻҲŮЩɹͷˣ̲֮ס̾νѪʲô壿ͼյĴвҪģѧأʲôõĵģ
ȿԼҴһۣû뵽ŵȻһˣҲѹʢôꡣ
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ܿķжӽǮΪˡ
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ʥѧԺһЩ˫ַ˻߰;زѧѧҲ֮ʱʦ
ܹͨһǶЩδڵǵŴ
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115 ؼ

ȵȻӶûбߵľ顣
ޣԼǷҲԼҪܿ
֮䶼ǲͬģҲͲǿʢˡ
ҵȷа취ܿѩ贫Ϣ˵ģҲûаٷ֮ٵİա̯̯֡
ʢЩεץץͷˣ취ɣҲҪһʱ䡣
Դˣʼʾ⡣
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ʶԼȻһܳкҲû򣬹Ļˡ
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ʢ͹ȶһЦĵյһ
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ȣһؼһ𣿡ͻȻ꿪ʵ
ȥңһ̧ͷͲǸˣԴһλȥԷΧ֮ͲôȥˣñȽ϶ࡣ
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ȻҪߣҲ飬·ͺһ뿪ѧԺ
˵ĸȻţϣЩȵʵ
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ҪͷͻȻһ㶣ЩɵûҰ˵ĸ£游ĸż͡
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ֳʶȻûע⣬
ô£ؿꡣ
ǼҡȽɡһ֧ÿһֻһ̥ÿһĸ鶼ǳãýܣΪޡҲ͵ңų⡣Ҹ游ĸ游ĸĹϵܺá
ǵһңȻͷҵķӡ
ҵķӺùϡ޵ǺƯоرʷУҲرơ
Ц汲Ϸӣÿһв̶ͬȵɣͳˡ
ǰⶰӲر󣬵ǽṹʹõǽͳܺأһ޻
˵ĵʵ˽ַھӵ⣬һԴӸķ̽
꣬ǡŮѻˣڣ̲סʵ
̧ͷȥʻһλ΢ֵĴݿŵǺУȴڲס۵׵İԡ
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ûĴŮ͸ˣ
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ǵģҲôԡ
Ҿ˵˵û˼ڨڨ
ʱܳˣȸһˣʱϲôҲкһ
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116 

ˡ
߽һߴڵİһ̾Ҫ˵ⶰӱĲʵأصŵĸִССӱԼ̰ڼ
ӱⶫ˿ܾ;þô˽⣬ͻ֪һôʵ硣
ŵһǽϾ͹˸ָʱӣзȴһ۾ץסģҲо»ҵµġ
ǡʱ㵽ˣȪˮ˵һʱӵĴŴ򿪣ֻĻеСɳŸϷűʱ
СǻȥһûһʱϵĻͻȻ򿪣СĵСܳ
½أԽԽʱӱʱַ·̨ĻĶʻ棬ֱ޷ݡ
ЩεӣСЩʱʱģʱһһÿһʱ䣬ǽϵʱӾͻи
˶٣СҰֵʱǽҵʱǽڶ¥Ȼһȥ
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Ȼ˵ȴһƬЦ⣬Ȼˡ
ȵĿ䵽ǱֱչʾǽϣƬǽⲿһ㲣һ֧֧ɫֱʽִ̨֮࣬й֮޲
ңչʾǽеֱɫÿһ֧˿ƲĿ⡣
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꽫Ķڲ輸ϣʵҰأ
ѧпΣιƾֱȥĸǶˡƿ˿ʱĸӦû˯ţǵȻȥ
ֵֻ˵ĸʲô
ԣƵıЩΡ
üĿ̫̫ЩһϢؿڴϣӴŮѹЦһģ˵˰컰̲סԹϰ飺ͷӣûʲôըӣ˵ҾͰһڣס𣿡
˵ίˡ
ǻᣬһܳһأ۸ˡ
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̫̫Թҩöˣ֮ǰĻ⣬ָ˵¡
갡СƯһȺ棬һע⵽Ŀ϶ĺݵ̭ɾŸС껹ѧѧԺʦûвġҲã۸ˡҲ˲ţʲôĹ鲻ɰˣͽĵѾͷҲ۸ˡ
̫̫֮һǼҴɺÿɺˡ
̫̫֮¿ͷˣְҲһ顣
ȻҲǺùƯִ۹á
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үүģһҲ˼˵رȤϲϰȤ˭ǻȤȥ֮ձгˡ
ԷǰİְֵҲ˻λǰ֮ദһַ˶رˣദ͸һ顣
˵ģһ֧ÿһĸ鶼ǳá
ȹ۲죬Ҫ˵ǶرమƲᡣֻһӹɵġǵ̶ܸߡ
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ĸ״͵ЩԵȻЩֺã̫̫ðԹĿ⿴˰졣
ԭ˵ѡģ׬ӡأȴҿˡ
ȴæ֮ѡ̫̫þзǡ
̫̫극˯ˣȱһ뿪ˡ
ΪĩȸŲιһķ͹ңԼ֮ǰᵽʱǽʹѧԺˣƵҲûǿ
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üôˣ
κйءЩֻһֱɿڴӦͽһĳЩԸȥˣΪɫһӦҲ˵?ͼ͡˵Щ˵Ҳ䡣
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117 ף

?ͼ͡ǸǾ񲡵ѧʮ?ͼ˭
˵ͷ漴ƵǲǺ𣿡
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118 ڴ

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119 ʧ

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120 

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121 

Ȳûֻԥ󿪿ڵǡ

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һ˼֮ȴ㻭һ
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ЩѧԺһʼѧĹʣʦ֮ʦĽ̵¿ʼͻ
һԥ֮׻Ƿ˸ΪѤõͻѡ޻衣
ϾǱͲɫʷĻ档
õֽ˻ϣɫĻùָ뵽ǦУһصػµһʡ
߽ңȫעػûпڴֻǷŲߵ
ȻȿֽϻûɵĻ̲ססˡ
Ȼûɣӹɣһﻭһôãȴǵһοﻭ
ǻ滭Ļ֮һȻϲ滭˶ϲ裬Ϊû
Ȼʱ˿̣ȱµȴ·𱻸ꡣ
ĸӣһŮòǳơ˯ڼΪªʯϣϸŻ˵ıӡ˵ӶᱻĸĴ磬ȻȴһģͷģǱµ·ҲΪͬ˴˲Ҫġ
ȻǺ˯գǣȴ·һƸ棬͸ѹֺͰ
ǣϸȥĸӵݣľͻһַĵ뻶ϲ
Ѿˣһ£ɫù֮ͻȻһỊ̃˼е˷׷׾ѡ
ǡˡ
ȴʱոɵĻ۵Ĺââǻеĸͬ˹һ㣬ͬһӻзɳ۳ĸֻȭͷСĺӡ
ȻĸӾΧƵߣܵıӡ
Ȼħ֮顣·񱻿סܾһ㡣
Ҳعˣ˵ħ֮飿
˵ͷͨħƷ󡣲ħ֮վѵʱǺҪüʱܹ졣
ЩСĸСһʵǻ˵𣿡
Ȼ֪ǲĸǣ̲סϧ
ôܣҡͷħ֮鶼ǲ˵ģܹþͨħܹ֮ڻСǵĴߣԻȽһЩħ֮鶼ǻǵĴ߶ѾˣҪǳǺ鷳ġ
ȺҪȢ𣿡
ԣֻҪȡһˡĸӣʵһģֻһħ顣
ͽаðɡڲͬ磬Ҳϣܹ԰á
÷ǳճˣȴ粽롣
֮£ֻǸ衣
£軭ĻҪϽ˽ѿ
ԼᣬֻԮˡ
ħ֮£Ĭûкκ˵ҲûⱣܡ
ȲʶרҵѧѿʦҸóľỤ̄һƷʾȥˡ
ѧԺ޸ʦҪ˵ѧԺʦԵԼû˱˽ˡ
ûãͽѡǰ
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122 ͬ

ȻѡȴίʵȵԤϡ
ѧ
վǰ˹ĵ˲˭
ı顭ô˵أЩӣЩΡ
ѾһˡȻ˶һԶŮӹҲ
˵ÿγܶﲻꡣ
ĴǵʱùǺһĹҲˡҪˣ»û취ȥ
ȻΪûбҵԽҲΪס¥
ˣ˫棬ǲٲˣȣȴ۾۾ӲǱӵġ
Ҳǲ˺ɫȵҲȥƽϡ
ܵҵװѼģȻͲ󣬵Ϊ츳ĹϵѾǳɫˡ
ȻҪæװѣȻҪħƷġ
ϵ軭¶㵡ûмʶˣͼôҲħ֮鴫ģôϲ
ʶ̧ͷȥ꣬Է˵ͷһ¶Լ˵Ҫó汾ˡ
ѧװʲôҪ𣿡ʵ
ҶⷽҲֻҪͻͻܹͿˡ
ҪȻ軭ĳߴ磬뿪ˡ
ԭһƷᱻװʦߡȻȴǲҵġħ֮жʧⲻ
ԼȽǰڵĹãȻٴŹ߹װѡ
ȥ˵װѵ£зִģ֪ħ֮죬ֻδᡣ
Ȼ鳣֪е飬ֻǵͷϣһ
ȻѧԺ˶֪ˣȴ˵һħƷ
Щѧãȵ츳֮󣬶ٴһħƷֻúĽȻѧԺʦȴסˡ
ǼţȴħƷȻг֮
ǣһ峿ȾӭһλԺԼλȵҵʦ
˵װƷˣȻҪװѣǿ϶ǻϽҿһһţȲؿˡ
ĪɯһҲǳϲȵĻ滭Ʒ˵ĻŶص
ںѧͬʥѧԺʦǲܡ˽̡ѧĻġˣϲȵĻҲֻǺƤҪ˼ʵڰòеġΪҲԼڵƷȡ
һרҵʦΨһһֻר滭ʦͿʼûˣԻ滭жӣѧ;дӲѧĿǼΪѵõר˲ţҲרҵʦټˣ˵Ҳͱʢһ졣
͸ȵĻȻǾħ֮ǰģȴӰȵϲ֮顣
һаһУѧ滭ĳʲôڣǷĵϲ滭
ȺһۣЦ֮൹ûоܾԷҪ
ȿ⸱軭˵磬λԺҲסˡ
ǱǶٸߵҲûһħƷڳħ֮顣
֪жʦһûܴһħ֮飡
Ǳ֪ǱȻҪĽʺ޵ġ
̬õģΪʦȻҲֻжʮ꣬ȻǱĹϵѾļѳħ֮Ʒˡ
ˣ̳ѧʤ֮֮ȫȻĸˡ
𣿡ָСش⸱һϲʵ
ǰԳƵַ֮·ܹ˶ȥȾİҹŵ֮
ԣϸһĨǳЦ
ͬɫ͵ֽͬ
ĬƬ̣Ȼֺʺϡֻȵı֪еͬ鰮޹أһָĸ顣
꿪ڵҽ⸱Ļù⼤𣿡
ԣҲһȤ
һ㶣һ֮˷׷Ĭˡ
˵ƺ֮ƺûԹùЧ
ǡ˵ıв³ʲô𾪹ЦҲ̫
ʣҲ֪Ӧˡ
ֺЦħƷĵȼûù֣ͬȼ۸ߵͣȴҪܹĴһμģֱʣµļ
˶٣Ȼħ֮ĻֻҪʹãħƷܹ޴μġ
˵ʱڳλʦ¶Ӧ취ȲһйħƷĳʶˡ
桶ͬĻùЧԹ֮ٸ˵Щɡ
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123 о

λʦ˵ħƷĵһɴ߼ȱ㵱ʲõؽ˻С
һ˲䣬ɫĹâӻӿһľӡ
ȷνɫĻùڡ
ǳûиоκλֻûл䣬ҲûΡ
ֻ˯һͷع鵽ĸ׵ĸУܵǰδеİġ
ͷ·𡭡ؼһ㡣
ãмַ׷۾
ҵľ˺ö࣡һ𾪵
עĵطȴЩͬ
Ҿϵİ˺κˣһ𾪵
ȻһΪǴ̾
ҲͷҲǡ
ΪʲˣʵϲˣþĹһ˲ͻ°ˣʦϾаˡ
˼Ȼùƣ
׼ȷ˵Ǿơ
ԡǰû˵ֵ
ȴʱһŲżּе⴫ʶǰš
ոǻùǲģվһȺˣʢһʵ
һ㶣ʲôù⣿
һԵ򼱵ոнɫĻùֱӱ鲼ѧԺУ˶ˡ
˼ǡȵˡ
ʢٴʵոǲǼԼħƷ
ȵ˵ͷ
һ˲䣬ɫˡ
Ҫ֪ѧԺлûоħֵ֮ѧôһùȥ˵öڵŻǰ򿪣Ӷħַ֮ȫ
Ӧɣλεķ˲εܡ
˵ɫѿˣҲû뵽Ҫ֪ùȻʣȴܹʵ赲ġ
һ£ܱտռеĻùԲй¶ȥˣѧԺöζû취ϡ
˭Ҳû뵽ȵĻùȻܹ͸ʵ
Ĩ˰ȥɡ鶼ˣΨһľʵˡ
꿪ڵӦܹͨʱô򿪵Ĺٴαպϡ
ԣȲǼ٣˶˿
ѧУʦδħֵ֮ѧ㼯һ顣
ǱٴУѾ׼Ȼϵǣѧһ飬־Ȼûһϴ򿪵ġ
ʱ֪ؿڵȵľûйԣ
˼ǣҲȻҺͷһ
˵ͷ
ȷ֤ȵĻùⲢЩɲӰ죬˷׷һ
ȱЩ⣬û뵽ԼľȻȫûйԡ
ϱӵҲȷѪйģºΪ֮Ӻٲɱ¾֮ǰڵ¹㳡ҫ֮ȣûȾѪ
Ȼû˿Եģ
ؿڵ̫ˣⶼһ亹
Ȫ̾ҲҺʹħ֮־Ҫܵˡ
԰ԺһħƷѧУմ⣬ҲǺ¡Ц
ǿɲովôһ£Ҹоҵľ˺öࡣ
Ҳǡ
Ҳǡ
ҾҪѧԺһ꣬ѧԺƶϴӦ
û˴Ħ˹֮û˸һʱ˵Цˡ
һоգһѧлãרҵʦУȵĵһƷ;ħ֮סˡ
ȽһƷħƷܹ׵л10100򲻵ȵĽ𡣵ܹѳħ֮Ʒȴֱܹӻһǧ򽱽𡣡
˶٣ǵ뷨㴴ħ֮ϢֹѧԺҪ档ΪһܻܿһЩҪ죬㻹ôᡣҲõȡ׵й涨ֻеõʦƷܻý𡣸պѧԺʦ׵ƸļʦѧԺöʦϲѧԺȥ죬мʦ׵ǱҲ׷һͲй¶̫Ϣ
ûղʦ˵ˡȹϵ
㲻Ҫȥ׵ʦƣһѾǽ֣֮רҵʦ㵣쵽ˣõġһԵ粹
ͬͷ
ЩԥʵС׵Ȼвͬһ˴ħ֮飬С׵Ľ𶼲٣ȴ׵仹ҪࡣǣС׵ĽЩͬһ֮ĬὫħ֮Ͻ塣Ȼȴ
ǿԣϣٻȥǣЩ»Ǹøȵġ
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124 ְ

Ȼû뵽С׵£ȷһŰɡ
ʱڣҲȷʵûǡ͸ʢѩһҲò
ֻǡ
ʵħƷһ㲻ǴŮ𣿡
һС壬ҪϽħ֮飬Ҳ˽ģΪ˷ͳܣڹؼʱħ֮鼰ʱӻˣڸ˷Դ
ȵͷʾȻȻϲ⸱ԼֻµġͬԼܴܲԽǴߵġ
ˣջ䵽˭Ͳܹˡ
ⱲжŮǵҲ˶ԳĶҪϧһЩ
һ䣬˱ظˡ
ߵ¥£ĪͻȻڵȣܸܲҸһ£
סʲôûǴĻ֮Ŀǰû￪
ʲôģֻһʱҲû˿ȥ˵
Ī򴽵ĻùԲƾҸͣǰ˵׼͸йء
˶٣С֮ǰӴĻù⣬˯ѹرá
ȻûоܾʵϣܹκĪġϾԵȱݣǸС壬⡣
ӦĪ˵ǾͰˣ
ڶһ磬ĪͽĪ͹ˡ
Ѿ˿꣬ǱӲһЩ˫۾һɾ
ĪҲİ˶˵ͷǴкͰһԡ
ߣסһ̣ɫĹâӶĪͷŸǡ
ԼĪ˼ӵʱ䣬âȥ¶治֪ʱ˯ŵĪ硣
۾ĪҪѯʣͻȻһɾڣһ̣ͼɫĹâͻȻĪ˫
ڳ˶סˡ
ǡˣȴ
ĪҲһŵס֮ͣ֡
Ҫ֪ĪԼ֣֮Ī硭Ȼһֱûоħ֣֮˫Ϊ鲼˰̵ĹϵҲûעÿÿûΪܹѵȼߵħ֣֮Ͼʵ̫ˣӶ磬ٳٲѲܴ츳á
ãֱɫĹâɢȥĪͻȻӦһ㣬ʵҸΪʲôԣһѿû
ǰһûʲô⣬漰ԣЩ²̫˵˵׼˯һͺˡ
Ī£ϱҲûٸ˽ˣҲһЩֲˣû⡣
ĪһֱѣԽ緹ȻǳԵһ룬ĪȴͻȻˡ
СꣿԴͳɤ𣬲ϵ˶¡
ĪߵĪǰŵûˣ
Ⱥ¿߹ʱ򣬷ĪѾڿˡһʼ⣬ȿĪ۾ˡ
ԭĪ˵ǣʵͦģῴ۾֪ʵڵġ
ĪԭĿ⼴Ҳźͯ峺˫۾ûбöิȴѾ˳˵ĳȰ
ȣĪĪ֣лл
һ㶣漴ЦлѲ𣿡
ǵģѡ
ȵһοĪЦݣ˵ֺÿġ
ЦЦĿ⣬Щ졣
ԵһķҪԵģĪȻȻ˽
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ȼ˵֣֮ȻҲΪƣҪҲҪ
ѾǴĺˣ£ֻҪ𺦵Լ棬ǺԸȥġ
Ȼû뵽ǣ¾ȻԼǰѧԺְˡ
ǵģûǾְ
ʦȷڸ㿪Цһŵ
˭㿪ЦˣһЦҲˣԺһħƷѧԺʦȻ棬׹Ҫ㷢㹤ʡκĪѾˣֹǲܵģѰҲСһðźʱ䣬ܵѧϰʹ
ˣҺԺһ£ʽƸΪѧԺʦһѧԺʦԸƣѧ۾СҪУġԼͺá
ڻѧء
Ǿ͸ϽμӱҵԼҲǴѧģȻ꼶ǡ
ȻûоܾƸá
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125 

ΪȻѧȻʽְĹʱȴֻգҲֻ㵽㹤Сʱ
ĪʵǰȱΪʼƵ˻ԴಡΪ࣬ϾһʼϢᴫУ⡣
˵ʵЩôأβˡ
ȻϵǣȵľȻЩʦðɣʵҲر⣬ʹëȻҲҪһЩ
ֻǣľȻŮʦ
һʼΪֵ֮ƷʽɵʽȻûЩŮʦ嶼Щʲô⡣
У֪вʦǶµ⡣
ʦܹ˫ֵܽöҲˣȺ츳õһʼͲ飬츳Բģֻ⡣һСǿάϵŻˣҲɱˡȻдʩȴԱ⡣һܶŮʦ嶼ⷽ⡣
Ϊձ鲻ԼӦöԻҳϡȻҲᱻǴ𣬵Ƿ޸ѣĬǿȥ˵ġȻ£һҲǹңû˻͵͵
̲ס̾ŮȷʵҪԿһЩ
Ʒõȡڶ෽֮ʵмʱƣʲôһʮ
Ҫôߣǵļ۸񶨵õʲô˶ơ
ϾƷֶʵ̫޸ˡ
۸ˣر鷳λصĲͲˡҽҪʱϣһСʱѾ㹻ˡ
׬ǮȻȵı⣬Ƿ֣Դħ֮֮ͷǮԽԽˡ
˵ȱǮˣͽԼСʹȨϽˡʱʦȻʦÿһħƷܹ׵еõӦĽ𣬵С׵䶼ṩеʱʦ
Ϊʱʦÿ궼ܴһǧĹ𡣸˵ƽհ޸ƷҲƣ֮Ѱʦ͡
Ϊǻֵ֮ĹϵСʵ˶Ҫ޸һħƷȡı겻ܸߣһЩ޸һЩħ֮ƷǼ۸񡭡
ʱʦΪ⣬Ψһܹͨ޸׬ǮĴڡ
ȻײԼǮҲȥ
ֻ֣׻мĵģԼһǮ׬£Ҳȥһ˿ǮȫԷġ
˵ʵȻǵһܹ㻨ǮõĲ
һǹ¶ͨԼķܶȱǮһЩݳƷƷʱҪġ
˵ڶҲǮˣȴûطҲûʱȥ
ܹһǮ˵ӣҪ˵ƭ˵ġ
ͷôǮУ㳶һȥˡ
ǰɣֻҪһЩ׵ԭһ۶ġȴһǿžǸƷʵĸѡֻۡҪеˡ֮⣬ƤݡƤԼְıʯľϣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ֱװˣȲЩź֡
ʲô̬ҲֹһʱѪźЦеʱȥǺõĻ
ǿҪ̼ͻŵģȻû
ʥΪֻĹϵҪǳعһļ۸͵Ͳˡ
ףȼǵǵʱһﶥĽļ۸ҪһЩϡƷ֣ҲȻʥǣͨ׶Ҫ߰˽ϡƷֵĸҪʮϣĶʮҲûС
ǰȻÿۿϡƷǴǵģȴһˡһרֱϡƷȥˡ
ǰԹúóԵǿ϶ҪûԹҲҪȥҵۣ˵Ľرóԣǹ
к̯ԼѡĶװһ̯ĻͻȻע⡣
ϼǱҲк𣿡
ɲҲҺǱ߿ŴӣһЩȥˮǿûи͸ճɻܵӰˡ
ǱҪãȻµñ궼٣ڿ㽽ˮճû̫Ӱ졣
ҪǶǱߵļǳأաƵʥҲ֪ǳܲܵ㹻ʳ
ôأ
ôأһ֮ǰ¹ȥһˣ˵ġ

ĻȾûˡ
ôˣͻȻĲɣʵ
ȽĶԻȻЩģǾڶҪҲˡ
üһʡ
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126 

ʵѵ飬Ϊû죬ϢʹǶˡ
ʮǳؾգʮǳǷգʥǷ
ǣǾյĳǳ֮һ
Ϣȵıһ˲ĿհסŬԼ侲ܹԸ㣬٣գĳӦ֧Ӧһʱ䣬ûʳ
ȴֹۣȷûнʳϰߣ
ס治֪ûϰߡ
ҴӦ֪ȥ
ҵʢͬһ꣬ȻѾϢ
ȵ⣬ʢһЦӦУӦò̫࣬Ͼ˳Ѿϰûˡҡ
ɫصʳʵ⡣ں֮󣬳ǳ֡ǳڵʳˣҰȻҲ޷ףʳݶȵǵʬ嶼÷ˣʳ⶯ͻǳص⡣ʱ򣬳ǳе޷ȺƳţᱻȺƳţʬ޴档
ȵɷףУҵûȥ
ȥʲôãʢҲ
껹żǣڵʥӦòӲ
ȷȻ˵ʢȴֵ̫ʥƱҪһֳǳءΪճǳ֮һǱĿܸܺߡ
ǿȡȵĹ磬ý׵ԼؿǷҪǡ
ʥǵǽ׵Լϴġ
ԣ׹ˡ
˼ǡ
ͷһƷʹħ֮²ȥˡ
ǻһȲ±֮ڡ

ֹȿڵֻҪ㹻ľҵ֮־
˽о֮ȻϺûв𣬵ʵϻġ磬ܺ;ֿĴڣȻڲͻùȴһģ߿˵ǰתɵĴڡ
˵ģ˵ʢ͹ȣҲˡ
ȵ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵ϱӵ£ֻǵԹܹ֮ӿѿ̼㿪ֻ֮ǰûʲôá
Ȼûˣʢһ˷ܵÿ궼еط֣Ĵ֣ʮҲܻһΡʲô֣ʳǱزٵġ
ȴʣ룬Ǳȫ𣿡
һܡλشꡣ
˵ڿȱ˵ļֵ֮ԭڷе̽˾Ԯ
ΰմλӭһ߰ףһ߽ʵΣô˵ģ
²̫áΰĨ˰ЩްɳŸ洫Ϣεǳ󣬹ǾյĳǳؾʮǷյĳǳжʮյĳǳУǵܿ󡣡
ʵϣǲСֻΪʦ࣬µħ֮ҲΪϡ١ˣЩķչһֱȴʼΡ
Ȧһ죬ǡҪ𣿡
ǵġΰЦ
ӵѾһ߰ᣬһ߰οô룬ʢȲڣǵӰ첻ǡ
ԣϸң漴ʧѩޡ
ǡʱѩ¥ϴ
裬ôûвû˿ǣԹʥǵĽӼôû
޴ͷ¥ȴŴ£ûвѾ˾
һۣ׷׿˶ԷеľֻʱѾźˡ
￴ӣɫѾûʳˡ
ѩ޶һ㶡
ڿʲôЦѩ۾ǼһֱԤŸʳԴ꼶ǵͻȻҵǷʳʼˡǼҵʳһȱ˼Ҷ࣬ôûʳǰȥؽѻʮûѿǵĵأ
ǣ˳ܵõһ˿Ϊϲòͬϲֵ˲ϲ˲˶ֵصġǼûˣȼңΪΰﶼ֮֡츳Ѿǲˣڿ죬ÿ춼ܴһħƷýȻ㲻ϸԣҲԲȱǮǼҵ˿һֱֵģƽֻȡһڵʳʳΪеıꡣ
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127 Σ

ѩĻΰı׷һ
ѩǼʳܲܿݶɣü
ѩɴ۾һŵɣǸòѼʳͳȥ˰ɣ
ͷүүǶʳˣ㲮ĸǣѧǰ̹ǵʦֻһӣѿǺ˰£Ѿֻʣһˡ
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ûо֣Ҳȱʥûоȼһܰȥġȹϰ꣬ûоԮҲԼȥ
˵ءѾͷͣҲѾħ֮ˣͷ϶ǮʥǲȱϢ϶ʳ˹
ʢϢ϶Ҳһ֮
ڴܽⳡְʢġ
Ů뷨һϣǵΰ￪ڵѩ㲻ͲҪ˵
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˽ǵؽʳܹһһȥǺݲġ
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˵꣬׷׳Ĭˡ
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֣ѩۼϳ˶Էڸʲô⣬Ҫ׷ˣ
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ᣬһһͭСƳƴ񱼡Ҳʺãͱʨ׷ˡˣҲѾǳΣˡ
ȻƳϵͭΰȴ׷˿
СڣۼǾԼֻ׵ʨһԾŵֱ˵ϣԴ
Ļ䣬ͼͭͻȻһֻɫ͸ľ޴¹ͷȻʨӶϡ¹ͬѼ⵶ʨӵľ̴Ѫӿе䣬޴ʨʬڿУȻ͵¡
һֽŲõСڣʵǼ
¹ͷһۣ֮ͭС
һХֲҵ飬ͭķȥˡ
ոʲôһãȻ
ѩױ곤֪࣬ҲҪһЩĸɵոħ֮飿
ΰͷеСڣһ֧Ʒ
ȥǱˣС޽ʲôħ֮飬ʢͻȻ
ԣΰæǻ˸ʺϹ۲Ĵ
վ˾̲סһΪ֪ΪΣ־Ȼͬʱʣµһֻϻһֻʨӡ
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ΰɫѿеġ
Ȼͼ¹ɱһֻʨӵ˲䣬ֻϻץ׼֡
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128 

ɫ˿ߴӸ߿շɳವأ¾ͽֻͻϮϻӡ
һ˲ɫ¹ͷϵ¹Ǻؽϻ˲ա
ΰһɫ˿߹˵سأʶ̧ͷȥȻͿ
ǲȣץԼɷһָŸ߿еʵ
ʱ˿̵ĸ߿ѾССռݣȴһۿ˰Դ̽Ů
ΰûãЩҵȡ
ʱҲ˸ĸڸ߿϶ǻ˻֡
ѩҲȴȣվߵʢ
ͬʢҲõĿ⣬֮ǰԤϣȴ̲סͷƤըѸС
˵ס֣¶һǳЦ
ǰʢǼҪµģᱻѩѡȻȴҪŹ
ʥǵ֧Ԯˣΰ֪طӦ˹ôҲˣ
ͣ˳еĹ㳡ȲŴܹסȣҵȡ
źžͿϾѾûмŮˣ˵֮ǰѾ˸Ů׼Ȼ棬ϲ֪
ΰʱȴ˴ʢ
Ŀɿڴһŵʢûеһʱϳӣʵǡ
ǰʢһò꣬ȻôȥȻɿ˼ǣԭº͵ʶ˼ֳȺ񣬱񣬱Ҳ˼ֽ׳
ʢӺ֣
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ʼգѩĿ⣬ûи˿Ӧ
վԼߣŸĸ裬ǹȣҵİ¡Ҳѧһء
ȻϣȸŹΪѣҲûȵĴڡ
ΰﻹûзӦԱߵҲˡ
ְ裬ҵİ꣬ҽһ
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ոѾźۼ޴һԾܸܵ涼ԼһƵᣬ˵Ƿ棬׿Ȼ
һߣһ˫峺ˮҲǲɶõļˡ
ΰƫԼŮҲ˵޺ѩǿˡ
ˣǶŶҲίʵû¶Цݡ
һ㣬˵ʢҲ뵽ˣԴ˲ǿ󡣱Ͼµġ
Ƚϵİȫװãΰʵ֣Ǳʧ𣿡
ΰ˶ҡҡͷҪȥء
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ΪʱһǱȥŵġ
ܵһ룬ΰڻعڡ
ôˣЩˡĿɨЩһܵˡ
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ΰšüЩɵǡӣ
ȵ˵ͷҡͷ׼ȷ˵Ҹˡ
ΰﲻǱŮûҵʥǵ֧Ԯ飬Ҳ֪Ȼŷʱ
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пܣһ֮ûбҲΪŮĴڡ
һ˸ϵŴʱѾˣǽ̮Ȼûܼʱ޲طպøһħ֮š
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ǧͼзɳÿζữһƬ꣬ոҰ޵ǳĹͼΪʵˣǧӰзɳвա
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ǵļλϸմӳǱ߸Ϲһ仰
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λҲǿȳģΪȵ츳ûٹ׵ʱʱʱ̸ģôһӸˡȻʱҪ
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129 ϣ

ԣеһҲЦǻʲô
ԭǰʦ½ˣȴȱȻеһ³Ŵ򿪣͵Ұ޷˶
ȷԸþʹӻзɳɫ˿߷ɳգ۱㽫ǿʮֻҰ޸סˡ
һ˲䣬ħ֮ϣգ۵ĹʮֻҰޱѪ
ҰȻûǣĳǽŲһͣȻݲѡ³ˣȴǵҲֻ
ֻҪǳأ޹ʳãǵ
֧Ԯħ֮鶼ǽ͵ģΨһĸ;ǰãȻûɱԣڿصȴǵħ֮ɱС
һһСʱǰԽԽҰʬڳſڣȺͿʼԥǻˡ
˫֮ʱͻȻһֻԾԴȻֻȴǵһֻʨѸٳˡ
£ȺҲӦˣһ׷«ɿصһֻͬʬ峷ˡ
עò˺ˣһֻͬʬ壬ȥܰϼ졣󣬼Ȼ޳ԲֻˡҵһСһĳǳأټȥǡ
߻˶ЩҰʬʾᣬȻȴе³סˡ
ҰؼΪҰ޵ǼΪˡܹǣõġˣһЩսƷҲʲô
ϾҪսδƴùȺ
ϣȺһߣ̲ס۵һҰʬ嶼ûǳʲôѾˣôȥҪ˶ˣ
Ҳȷʵ⡣
ţеµĿ⿴ȣιӦдȼɣ
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ǵĵмĶȥҲ˼Ķء
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Цҵ־֣֮ǰûйħ֮֡áոѾˡ֮⣬֮βҲЧ
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130 

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æµʱꡢʢ͹Ҳڰæ
ȴûע⵽Զѩվǣؿǡ
ǡҫۡ
ѩһ˰ɣʱ㻹ڳ־
ǡʱְȽ䵽ǰķ˿۵˶̧ͷɱ¶һĨЦݡ
޴򴽵㡭˰ɡû𣬽ڼҵʱûЦ
ӡеĽЦҲǵģ·ԶԶҲͶŸĸ˫۾Żе͡
ĵؿġ
ѩȴʶȥʢûЦȴǸһݹһм޸ֹĬǸڲˡ
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⻹˵𣿡
Ϊݵģ
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ѩԣҪʢǡʢġ
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ΪǷ֣ͬǵĺ³ѾȺˣʱ˿̣Ұ޴У޼ɵضԡ
·ĻѺʱʱɫâѿвûȫеΪˣڻѺ͹âҫ¶ĻŸ̡
ҧԴͯأҪȥӵˡһļġ
Ҳ˵꼸·ѾĻˣʱȻʣҲû¶
ѩ˾ͲˣѾɫɷף亹ˡ
ʢ̾˿˵۾䷳ʹôֺ࣬αһӰԼȦС鰮Ȧֿأ
鷳ˡüͷƣҪȺˡ
ѵȥˣԣѩг
ǳػ֮˻ţѵҪȥһš
ѩ򴽣ⲻǼȣΪѵ취
˶٣ҪȥĻˡ
ίʵЩ
ʶ񣬵ǴҰȹģļʵ˲ѩֿʢˣʵֻ˿Ůˣʵںͬ
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³ǣǡ³ʧֵĲֻǳţǽҲΪأ⻹дҰӿƶǶ̫ˡ
ԿñȽϽϵ֧ԮӶԱʵ˭֪Ƕ𣿡
ٹãŲ֪˭ڻش
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131 Ԯ

ұһأ̶ͬһ˵
69ʢȿڵ
Ƚϣ48
51ȵ
ȥȹȻҪһЩΪ߱ȹҪ幫ҡ
73ʻԱҲűء
˵Ŀ⿴С58
һװеģЩˣ˿Ҳȷʵ
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㣡
ѩһĿڵ52
ȲߣȻʮ˵ˣ෴ʵֻǹ̫ݡ
ȣӶֹԲʣϹǼϸһƫᡣ
68˵ţ꽫˵ؿټһӣȻʣ´ԼһٰʮĸأԼĪһοˡ
ԣ̲סЩԼͽ㲻ӲҪܶˡ
Ĵ㣬ֻҪӵ˶뵽ˡ
ȻȴҡͷУЧ̫ˡ˶٣ڵҪȥ
˵ʲôʢһʶԵˣɲǣǿħ֮һ򵱹ء³Ǹ©ӣҰֻԽԽࡣ˵ֻһٶħ֮飬ǴһǧҲûãȥ
ԱİաüֻҪµ棬Ҿܽ񻹻ŵ˶Ȼ
ȷʢԴ˱ʾɡ
ȴڵҸһȥ
һ㶣ҪܾģĿ֮󣬾ͲɽĻ˻ȥ
ãһȥȺЦ
סȵ֣֪ȵԴûϵܺûһ
Ƕˣʢܻ
ȴ̲סȥ꣬漴۵׳˼ԱһãΪ˽ԼʲôֻҪԼᣬȻڡʣǽ㿪ڵĻҸһȥ
û취ƭԼ
ҡ
ҪոһĲпửѾ˵ӡ
󣬺͸һЭʢ˷ɢȥϣԭֻʣȺꡣ
ʻԱҲˣΪ˵һЩ򵥵ļʻɣǽ仹ûġ
ֿ֮ǰȲʢϴʾܾǿн
沼úãͿʼǡ
˵꣬ҲʢӦʾ꿪ʼˡ
ֻʮ׵ʱ·˾ͷǵĵ
˵³ǵж༤˵ЩҰޣŵζʱҲ׷˷
üҪȫ䵽ѶȿɲСֻƴٶˡ
򽵵һ˲䣬ֻԱ˶Ҫж֡
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ǣըģЩɳȥѪȴ·Ӱһʧˡ
Ҫʲôͳڣߴٵ
еĺ棬һȵ
޴ľεضգ۵Ĺͳһɡ³ϷƬնˡ
ϵ޶ˣһʱս׷̧ͷ
ʱɫĹ֣Ȼһһ˾𶪵֦ϡ
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ʢ֮ǰޱ޼ʵˣ⻰׷׻ع
ãʢĻ᲻Ƚ÷⡣
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ȾȺӣ鷳ȾȺӣ֪˭ͻȻں
Ȼ˷׷׿ں
ԣȾȺӣҶ˺öѪǸϽȾ
ȰȥѾһһҹҪˣ
˭Ⱦ裬಻ãûҩҪˣ

ʹͰһҼˣϵʢһƬΪѣôڣֲ˭и˭Ǻ˭˭˰
ѩᶼסˣǴûʵĲҡ
ȿڵҪôϣλӿճҲȥԮɾѡ
δ䣬ֳɫĹÿһһˣ·Ĳҽкʹʧˡ
Ҷӵ˺ˣ
಻ˣ

ʢأͼʧֻʣһš
ииҪˣϽȥȵ
ڴͬʱѾһС䵽ϡ
-

132 ֮

˵֧Ԯ˶սǹȣСҰⳤֲһɣжȫû⡣
ȺҲûţʼæи˺Ӥ׶Ȼͽǡ
ȵһҴߵʱѾˣȵѾۼˡ
ϾѾöûкúϢˡ֮ǰȻܹϢϮ֮£ǵ˯֪ȵǣȴæڡ
ȿϴ˯ʱ򣬱ǵȺĺХϲ˯档
꽫һ˯
ٶȲ죬ȵ򷵻أѾСʱ֮ˡص򲢲ǿյģװʳ
ЩʳһҴߵĲ̤ʵ
ζ̫ˣ֮ǰǵĵǱʥǷ֧ԮˣҪĵľͱʳ
ϾǺôǳػջǷգʥǱǲһԵôʳġ
ʳȻ࣬ɼѾŬ취ˡ
ǶԣѾٺòϢˡ
ȺȻû˯ȴòæҴ
ʵϣȲûȷ³ǵˣȥǳصˡȻĵزѾˣߣ֧Ԯ鲢ֻһӣ֮ǰҲ˴ʳ֧Ԯߡ
ô˯Сʱæһصģ˵ϣ㾫ˣҲ֮ǰԼʱѹµɻ
֮ǰɱֻԱʲôȿ껳УСʵ
΢΢һȻͬش֮֡
֣֮
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ĿɿڴҪ֪һֱΪ֮ϱʷ⣬뵽
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ҡͷΪԼò֣֮˶Ⲣû˵֪˵֮ˣԻֶ֮úܣϾһֱڳΪһλӱʦġ
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Ͼ־ڽֵ֮ĴҲעᱻ
ȻЩˣüǲǴһֱң
һ֪ԣ̷СҲ㲻ϲ𣿡
һôãĻ֪ܲǵСžţֻǡҲֻԼʹЩСžŵķϣξˡ

һֱ֣֮ʵ
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ĬȻȻֺʵֵ֮ıʲô֮ǰֻըԱô£Ϊʲôǵʬ󲻼ˣ
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³ǵľԮһ²Žǻصǣе¸ǣ³ǵҴнʮһְڳڵУһְڿķݺùС
ǻصǣҲûٻؼסϾֿܺǴȥ˵ѩޣΰҲˡ
ʢ͹ͬĴ㡣
ϧǵķӶҪˣùݿշһռסؼǱѡ
Ⱥʢһۣ鶼̫á
ΰƺԤϵֿܣ͹ȵʱ鲢ûгֻǰŷʱ򡭡
裬סҷͺá
裬סҷҡ
ͬʱȺʢڵ
һ鲢⣬ȴżֱΡ
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133 в

ҪԷʱȲŷֲԡ
أΰ
ΰҡҡͷ˻ͲˣȻòˣһֱЩͷԵģ˳ԷҲǡ
˵ʵǱŵˡ
ʵ˵ǣȥ³ǣֳҲû޶ԡڴӸСŮԺԵظǲͬȻ޷Ტۡ
һǶŮСȴô׽ܵġ
ԣȲûм̽
˵ʢԺô죿ֻʣЩ۵
ΰҲüͷβŵҪԼҸãҪǲңǾ˴Ӱɡ
УＱøôܹޣ
ȻܽĵŴЩȴǱܵ
磬֪˫̥ĺһи׵òһĸ׵ò
Ҳ磬岮ùĸ˾˵ĳƺģͰְòƵֵܽý岮ùãòƵľͽĸ˾ˡ
뵽ȥˣΰһ۵˵ľ˼飬ûޡ
һ漴ȴ̲ס
˵ʲô°ʢȻźãպûжŮ
ΰȴҪÿһЩ
ʢȵδûкӡ
ڶ죬ȴ¥ǡñޡ
ʶ㡣
ȵ˵ͷȥˡζ֪϶³
ȥһȻڽһࡣһԵĹҲˡ
Ϳĳʱˣô
û°̣ѧԺϰߵģϲķˡ국Ц
Ƚõ˶˵ϣҲŵǰʢ챻ιˣ᲻ϰߡ
⻰ʵȴǽָ޺ѩ
Ȼȴû˵ʲô
֪޺㲻ˡ
ȵһһԵԤζͣΰﶼ̲סһ䡣
ޣͷβûͷ̧
ѩͽԵġ
ȳ緹ΰȺʢʼѯЩľʱѩȴǶſ¥ˡ
ڸĸȻûбЩѧԺľһһ˵˳
ΰٶԤϣŮȻ㵽̶ֳȣһħƷħ֮飬ǰûй֮֡˲ɱ㼤
Աߣͷ͵øͣѩƲƲЩΪȻ
ֵʢ˵һԼľȻֵҵĵͽعֽ֮ˣҵʦ˵ʮҾܽʱʦ
ȻûйŮҲǼΪϢˣΰλ᲻ˡ
Ǵãΰ￪ʵ
ûŮ
˵ԼĴ㣺һٸǴһʳ֮ҪȥǳذæˣʱǾͲˣֱӻѧԺ֧ԮȻ˲ʳٶҲһǳصˣҪϹȥ
ΰȻЩᣬشȴûвᡣ
ѩȴʱˡ
ʢҲû£
ʢͷߵˣҪʦһȥˡ
Ҳͬ⣡ѩ֪㲻ҵģҲңǰأİɣ
ʲô˼ʢвõԤС
ŲţֻҪһߣҾɱ˵ʱְ᲻ģѩ
˻ûдӾ㵻лعȾھȥɱɣҺʹպòμɥٻȥ
ȣʶѵ⡣
ȴ俴ѩȻôԼֺ
죡ѩһۣתʢ㲻ĵĶԲԣ
֣ΰﲪȻŭѩ?֪֪Լ˵ʲô
ûк֣ѩĿⶨؿʢ֪㲻ԸҽˣֻһҪһСֻҪһУҾͷ㡣ӽԺֻһ硣
ԣ˵ΰﶼЩĶȻǺܿһǣ֪¸вͨ
ȻʢҡͷǸҲܴӦҪ󡣡
Ͳɱѩɫ԰׵ʵ
¡ѩ¶Цݣ͵Ҹ¹ġ
һԵһҪʢӦҪҪǿҪҪ֮кˡ
ɲϣѧ
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134 Ǯ

ҲֳµġѧԺ·ϣʢ̾
ȱֱۣĿذ
ȲΪӣΪӦǰµˣ
ʢӣǲµˣҲû뵽ôȻԼв
ʲô²ġȴƲƲûֻ֪ȡ֪˽Ҳǵһˡ
ԣʢϸһ룬
˵ʵΰԺӶܺá˵ѩޣڽѧԺǰҲַſڵӡ
ǣЩͬġ
ÿ궼ǵøĸգǰ׼ѩȴÿζҪѡ
Ҫ˵ԲҲǣԼվͼǵرΣ֮ǰǰʾԼҪʲô
Ȼ˵˽ЩˣϾСЩҡ
飬ȴǱ޿ɱˡ
ѩ᲻ɱְһġʢ̾˿
ȴԸɱҲ۰һҪá㿴ˣѩֻҪһ죬һΰۡ
ָТĸǲˡ
أһԵʵ
һݣȴһƬȻҶ˽⣬һζȡˡ
ǵСʱΰæģһֱһúӣȻĬһЩҲϺѩǲͬġ
شǿ⣬Ҳû˵ʲô
ʢȴЩĬ뵽ѩ޵Ĳûѩ˽֮ԲͬǲΪԼȵ̬Ȳͬ£
λȥױ㷢֣ȶѩûʲô飬ΨһľǸĸ
ǰѩĹϵǲġ
ǲǾΪԼѩϣԲŵĿӣ
ôһ룬ʢȴǳԲ˯ãշתһϣڶʱȦ
һʼ˵ȺһԼҲסˣ˵¡
ԾһߣʲôԼͷ㣬㵱ʥ˲ɣ
ǰҲЩЦõ˫ñȻܣΪˣֵܹϣ
Щʢβ֪֪֪ôһˡ
Ҳɵһʱ䣬Ҳ뿪ˡ鶼زˣܲΪһѰɡ
ǲΪԼҲΪȰ
һ˻صʥ֮˵û̫仯ȾͲˡ
Ϊúֵ֮ع⣬˵Ȼ
嶼⣬ͷͷҲȼлж׵һʲƵĽȡ
Ȼ𾪵ȴǰһ
ЩǡЩ¡
Ӧòɣ
꺬Цΰæʳ޳ģǸǳдµǷΪ̫ˣû취һԻգǻʮ½
¸ǵʳҪĶͼۣΪܶҲǷǳ˵ġ
ҪôǮʲôЩ
Ȼܿ뵽һ£ԣҪЩǮõ֣ҪרǮ
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ȻĽһر࣬һÿʥǷųĽӶǲһģʱǻʱǶʱǻЩзƶʲôġ֮ƷҲûˡ
ģҶ̸ˣʱǻǮһݣǻǷţҪȥȡҪȷšһ㣬뵽ˡ
ΰæмʮڽۺϳֽмڽ
Ǯһǳضûˡ
ǳأ
һڵ˵ǽһǳΣ
ʲôˡ
ȴԽԽãʿˮδļƻӦһԲԣ
ͷûʲô÷ϵġ
ˣȲҪӵöѣ˵ɹ֮Ϊӻ᲻ᱻĿעӣĻ³󣿡дʵ㲻Ǻӣ˵ȴϵİ£ᱻĿ⿴ѧԺߵĻǿˡ
ȻˣΪʲôһԼĳǳأ
άϵɸָһýɵɵĳǳء
ǿԣһϣǽĺܹӵ飬ᱻӣᱻࡣ
˵ô࣬ʵ׾ҪǮ
бȽһǳظǮ
˵ԺȱһҲôǮ˰ɣȵЩǳ˲Ź֡
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135 ˳

£ʵ˺ܾˡ
ǲҪģϾỷǶҪѶʵ̫ˡ
ȻڷԺӵĿ֮Ϳʼĥ¡
Ҫ£һʼƭϵĸоȻϸ룬־ͦġ
һ룬ԼӣҲֻⱲ̸ɺܰҲͬôΪӣʵһ˳µ£
䣬һ飬ν²£ָΪʵҪĻû˻ֹ㣬ҲԼе
һȾ͸ûеֿˡ
ȵĻ֮ˣȻ۾ԽԽȵãġ
ʵϣѪȣڽ£ġ
죬һѵͼ˼顣
磬ȣһ㵡
ʢЦҶͦȤġ
˵ʵ˻Ȳر⣬ǡ
ŵ壬ͩǡ
ŵ۾Ҿǵ뷨ͦ˼ġ
ͩҲСԺӦҲһõˡ
һԵĻȲûпѯʡλʢǵĴʦ֣ҲɵŵĹ¶ȴǸˣ޷֮Ҳˣһֻͷɻƽʱڸкܵ͡
ˣǳؽʲô֡º꿪ڵ
ֵͩз˳ô
˵Ŀ⿴С͵ԡںܶõ¶ԣܹ̤һѾԡһˡ
ûͦõġ
ͬû
Ȼǳǳѡַ
꽫еͼ̯һЩʲʵĵطȥʣҲȻϰٸѡ
Ȼ޳ʥ̫ԶĵʣµѡΧСһЩ
ϲһƬָһطϲشɽĻŪɽʲôģһԽɽɽϡߵˮԴҲ㹻һԸʲôĲ⡣
ֲ֮οѡַ󶼾ѡط
ˣطѡˣҪǮ𣿡ȿʵ
áЩŹֵؿһ۵ҰֲǳڣֻҪǽҰܻȨˡ
ʢҲͷǰҰ޿ɲһ򵥵¡ʷϣһǳزѪнġ
ȻǳصѡַѾˣⲢ˵ǿԿʼʵˡ
һǵ̫ˣȻûҵ߲ҲҪһ㣬ǳǷȵǮֻǷأĿǰûǮ
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ŵڵҲȥˣڼƻ䣬;ǻᾡܵΪ˳˲šʥҲһ£ʥǵķ»Ǻܶġ
Сǿ˵ԺǽѧԺǨ˳ǡ
ˣʥѧԺ
֪ŵȴһΪʥѧԺȻʥѧԺʵĴʷʥǻҪԶǰǽСҫѧԺ
ĬȻȻ
ȾѧԺĻ˵ԺʵǺʤģ
ϾʦĻ⡣
ǵȷһߣʢһˣȵֻعѧԺ
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ʱЧͲԾˡ
ΪС£Ҫ֪ȾǸӣϲɱ⣬ȵ˭֪ҪòŻ˾֣֮
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ǣɫù̳һȻѳħ֮顣
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ĿǰѰڣѾħ֮ˣǱȱԵԵʣȴħ֮һӵԶ̹ĶǸ
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Ȼû뵽ǣĸߵΪȻΪ
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136 

ҪĪȥѧ˵
Ī츳ǹѧʥѧԺģѧԺǱ˽⵽ľ֮󣬵̻ûȫָ֮ǰһֱûѧϵͳĽѧϣһԡ
ദҶĪһϲһȥԣӼ͡
ΪĿȽ϶࣬˵Ǵӽʦ칫¥ʱѾٽˡ
ʦҲ˵ĪĻЩ㿴ǲǸѵʲôģȥ·ϣ
ĪתͷĪ磬ĪüҲűҵ
һҲǣûǿ
ʱһŮͻȻܵǰѧ㣬ˣ
ʲô
˶һ㶡
ȪץסԷ˵ô£
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ԣ˶һۣ׷
ȵȵᣬȻ˵Ŵ󿪣һƬңԱ˷ҹиɳˡ
˲ٵļҾӺͰ裬ֱӳңǽϱ˿Ѿ˵ı䣬ɢ˴롣
ȱʲôķӦ򿪿ʵ
Ƚħ֮ħƷûˡ
ʲôһ
ȪȷӦȥ
˵꣬Ҳ˻شͳ¥ݡ
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Ȼشؼˣ;õģ˸ţȥһˡ
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ȷ̫ˣպȺ궼ᡣ
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ҵǼû죬ѧԺˣûô֪ȵǸϢͨҲɣպøҸ궼ڵʱ򡣡
˶٣Ӧϡ
ȵ˹ҲóͬĽۡȻ֮ǰǸ֪ͨȵŮ˹ʻ
ŮŸ䣬꼶ѧΪ֮ͩǰԵʣռ·ᡣ
ԽˣŸЩŵ˵˺֮ǰһ˵ǡȻ˵꣬ȴһʣǸող鿴ᣬΪ෴ȵĹңѧԺĹҸʩһúãôģ
ԣȵ˷׷׿ŸҲٿذˡ
ǸҵĶȽϺáԣҵĶȽϺá֧֧
£˶ˡ
ǡʱһŵӻˣǽУſڵĽ¼
ùݸ˽ĹԱԷһĿʮУųû뿪ˣȻȦ˼֣ݸǵǿиŸйص𣿡
Ÿĸ磬ǰȪչָһֵ
ʱŸѾ亹ˡ
Чʻͦߵģ˰СʱŸͱѺˣ֮һģħƷһû١
ǵʱѾ׼뿪ʥˡѺŸ˿ڵ
ȿŸ䣬ԣʲôΪʲôҪ͵ԣûǴĻﾭӦòɣ
Ÿ侾½ǣβŵȱǮȱħ֮顣
СѧǼħ֮ѧԺֵ÷зģҸҵʱҾ͸˵¡պûˣ˼Ҫħ֮͵ߡ
ûֹȪü
Ÿ˫ĿֹˣҸ粻ҵġ
Ȫü֮ǰץҲģ
ŸͷΪ˵ǾͻΪỳɵϣҲҲΣ͡
ȴǿŸɻħ֮鶼ѾڽǼˣ͵ȥʲôãѵܹóòɣ
ڲܣԺܡŸһۣüҵȹϼóֻҪɣܺϷӵħ֮ˡ
Ϊû뵽
ŸƲ˵ˡ
Ҳ߳ĵģ͵߲񣬵׻ǲڵġ
ȿĹԱһҪộ
͵ħ֮Ϊ̫ӣٶʮΡԷش
ͳȵԤˡ
أָŸʵ
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137 

ԣ˵Ŀⶼ˹
лУ
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üôŸأŸ飬ǲҲڣû˵ֳ۶ӡ
빤Աȴҡҡͷеġһλͬѧʮ꣬δǲǼǵģ͵ħ֮вܹ÷С
ԱѺŸŸȥˣ˵İ½ɨһ
ʱһСϺģ֪ʲô£̱üͷ
ôˣ¶⡣
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ȵͷӦüס¥£Ҳѧ滭ǰҽǼǵѧһֱЩԶ֮
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ȵ԰һ֧ڴҲǳΪһ˷ǳһֵ̥ܽãһ嶯ԣһĻ
ãŸһ֣
òҪ˵ĻɣĿɿڴ
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ü˵ģأŸʲôɣŸжĺøУʵϣ¶ʵе㾴лˡȻҪ˵ǶԷƵģҲЩˡ
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°͵ûмǴĻ԰һرص档
ʲô棿Ⱥ
ڵ˫öڳյһȥǼǽ顣
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ģ˾Ͳһˡҡͷ
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ʮŸˣҲǿһʦ޸Ǹʱ԰Ҳһʦ
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һʼĻǺģ鲻ͻˣĸչˣ΢ȻأɷƺʼԶִ˯
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ĸһʼֻ֪֮ѵܵܣȺܵܳܲסѹɱһ֮ͲòЭˡ
-

138 Ծ

Ҫ˵⻹˱ģ˱ǸĸЭ֮ܵܳ⣬һ⣬ΪܵʧȥǷӶ˳µغַ˯
ܵܳһֻҪǱץֳͲ뵽Ȼϲˡ
ΪŮˣºӣǵܵܲԸ׽Ҳûйϵ
ңԺлʦʮа˾Ż飬ʱ˳µطֿ
Ҫ˵ûиҲǣĸĸֻʶõܸܵʦǳ֮е£˵ҲʵӰ졣ܵܲͬһϲˣⱲӶ̧ͷˡģ÷Լĸȴ㽫ˮõͷϣȫܵܵĺⷬΪԾǸĸ֮ѡ˵ܵܣ
ŸĸɷƭԼƬĶˡ
ǻỳѾŸˣһ̼㷢ˡỹĻûегŻصٺˡ
ǧཫĸ͵ܵܿӶϲˣǰ亢ӣʱάƽȴﰾһ㡣
ȵҹ˾ʱԴﲻϳָĸ͵ܵ˵ʱݡ
и֮ǰеѹȴͬƺӱһӿ
еĺħ޹ĺӡ
ҹѧĸ׾òԣôСĺôûҪ̣һŷѾû˺Ȫ̾˿ѧҲ湻ݵĵġ
һ۵Ҫ˵ҲǸģǸܵҶ߿һۣ޹ĺʲô£
Դˣ˶ǲ
ǿӾͲ
Ʋ˵ѧȫͬˣøĸΪ˺ӣԲžûüֵŻġ
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ȴüʵѧôˣʵλѧӦǻƲ֢ʲôɣɱճĺӣЩˡ
ץˡ°͵˵׵ģԼйϲ䡣
мꣿСʵ
˵˵Ҫɱ˳ģЩ⣬׵ģݴ
ɣǾô˵һ˵һģʵ¸Ǹûйϵ
û뵽ǣ˵ڶ죬ѧԺĹϷص֪ͨ
˵Ϊεİʵ⣬ԽǱҪͶƱɣѧԺʦõͶƱȨ
⼸ſڻͶƱ䣬һִ̣һͽ̣ҿԸԼ뷨ȥͶƱͶƱƾݷַʱĹԱô˵ġ
˿Ʊ
ôʵ
ҲȨ»治ۣʲôѡ񣬶˾Ѱ
ҲȨ
Ҳǡ
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Ϊأôһ˵Ҳ׷ѡȨ
֪ȵѡ񣬱Ҳп޵ѡȨ
ȻѡȨ˽죬ǻȥֳ
ֳкܶ࣬λţҪɢġˣҲ˲˺öš
ò׼ǰ棬ע⵽ȴǹͽǸͶƱԱߵˡ
һ޺һˣʱһ߿ͷһƱ
ǾȾŮͶͽһƱ
ǾȾŮᣬʮͷдԺΪʦ
ǾȾҽ㣬ǹģҡңǷһ·
˿߶ĻȾͲµǵˡ
ǡҡҡͷֺ֪αصء
ȻûоļͥϵҲ֪֮Ҫľ̹ϺΣҪõġ
ܵܵ£ҪǺúø˵Է˲һһ٣ԲڶԺ֡
ɺãȫŪɳ׾ˡ
ιڵ뷨ô׸ıġ
ʵϣܶ˶ԾһȨˡ
ʮ㣬ĹԱƱͳƣóͶ̵2271ˣͶͽ̵3106ˡηַȥƱһҲ˵нһ˶ѡȨ
һڱһϲ̲סüΪȥСеֵ
Ȼйٵ˻٣в˶ָָ
-

139 ҵ

ͬ𣿡ϳ극ڳϴ룬ȲͻȻʵ
ͬһ㶣ָϲˣ
ŮϲŮҲ㡣Ȳ
Ƚټеġ
ȽһŰڷźã̧ͷʵǴҶʲô𣿡
ӣҾӦòӰɣǣ֪˻ۣҪ˵ӵĻӦûеġ
һֲЩɻ󣬾ִ֪ᣬһЩ̾ͬǾء
ᣬôô룿꾪ȵһǵһ˵ء
°ͣһҪͬĻô
֤ʵͬĺ١һ㶼ȽΣһԸ鲻õķоһͬ㿴һֶԸͬȺ˽ӦнӴҾͲˡ
Ҳ˵ЩͬԼӣü
ͷǶЩŮ֪ԼֻͬΪԼ䵭
Ĭˣ£˫治˵˭һ㡣
Ҿã˳ҲܹȺļ롣ȿ
ȷüǶܻӰһЩڶԷ˳ǵĹ۸Сһַ¿ܻ˾ܾס˳ǡ
ȷȵϣҽһ֮ǣһһֻҪ˺ˣȨԼҪΪһˡ
棬Ӧˣãġе鷳Ҳǲܽ
ȵıҵƷȥһСѧԺĻ˼壬ݾʥѧԺзǳͨһ졣Ȼ֮ȴǾħ֮飬ȡΪħ֮ûκιȴӵɻþ
ңɵĻþܹУǿмá
һԣѧԺѧıҵƷѧԺȻѧԺʦȴЩòˡ
ðɣѧԺһĹ涨û⡣ðɣħ֮ļֵ˭ǵƤû̶ֳȡ
󣬻ȵ͵ѧԺɣϣԺѧѧܴ档
ˣѧԺ⸱ѧԺ
ִͬѧʿñʥѧԺѧҵõһյĹ䣬ϻбҵѧ죬൱һ֤
Դ˶ԶõģȿŻ۵а壬Էſ̵һЩԭʯ
ÿ˱ҵǰҪĹߴ磬˹ĴСҲ˶ġ
ֹ䣬Ҳ֮ΪѧԺ䡣
ѧԺ䲻СҲ󣬵ȫû⡣
뿪ʱ򣬳ѧԺ䣬
Ϊ˲뽨˳ǣȣͩҲһҵˣλһȥŵ˻ϡ
ѧԺ
ǵѧԺſڣٽֱ˫֮඼Щ˸С
ǣ϶㱻ˣ˫۵Ƕһʮˣ˵һҵģҺ᲻ǣԺҪǵûǰ
ȥ˱Ҳ᲻ǡ
򴽣ǵõȰдŸǣұϵ
Ⱥͩͷ
̾˿ǰֱ˱ȺͩҪʲôҪдŸǣܰһǱҵˣлȥǵģпҲԻǱҵˣҲҼҡ
ɽˮ˵ҪȥͶǣʱɱҸϳȥȪر𿴵ÿ
Ⱥͩæᡣ
ȪĪˡ
Ҹ꼶ҾͺһҵʱͶǡ
֮ǰ˫˵õģĪԹû̫֮ҪʥҲΪϤԽ˳ҲǳȤ֡Լļҡĸо
һʼΪ˳ǵסǷ£뷨Ҳ˵Ϊѡе֪ȶԷ˳ǵĶλ·֮ǣҪ롣
ԴˣȵȻǾ˫ֻӭˡ
ĪĪʥѧԺģȽˣǾȰ˵ԺǽѧԺǨ˳ǡ
ȵȻûָ˳ǽ֮ǰԺ˻־ǰҪãܲܽѧԺǽ˵ҪĪˡ
ôᣬСʱȡԼͩ
һγеÿ˶һԼΪ;ģ˽ͬһᣬʣר
-

140 ǽ

ʢдȥƲǺǻϡоʡǲԶϳʱ͵ˡ
ŵǲ֪ʲôʱ򵽣˵ûȥǡǴӽǿʼ·ͨǳѰ˳֣Ǻ׾ҵ˵ŵסùݡ
ôô͵ˣʢϰҪˮǣʱˡ
ЦҵϾͳˡ
ʢǰסִȥ˷䡣
ȽһͰˮݸȣԼȥְǽˮͷˡ
Ϊʱ̫ҾԼʲô˵
Աú˯һڶ죬һȺ˾õһ¥ˡ
֣ǵĹôˣ£ͩȲʵ
ŵƱϵ۾˳Ҳ˳
Ǽ˼
Щ¡
ŵеķ˳ǣö˶⶯ˡǷ˳ûӰұЩԥҲųˣֻҪ˳ǵĳǽǾԸǰȥ
ԣȾ֮֮С
ѧԺʱ򷭹ٳǳصĽ¼ΪҰ޵вһǳؽ趼ȦõطҲȽǽãȻٽǽڲҰ޴ǽֽ
˵򵥣ǽǽڼ仹ǳǽ֮ڲҰޣǷǳΣյġ
ŵеЩԸȳǽ֮ҪǽڵҰ޴֮룬ѾǺˡ
ǡ
üǽһСḶ́ЩȴֻͩóЧ̫ˡ
ĬĬҲó
һ㶣㲻óеӱ𣿡ȻҲس֮һ
ʢһǲԺѧˣ
һԺѧôˣԺΨһóľǽ
ҲɡΪѵ
ȷʵ취֡û֣֮ܰҲͼֽЩܲͩдֻػ˰ɣ
ʦҪһЩϾƷ϶Ҫ࣬ԭϵĽ׶ξͱȽϷ
һ㣬ȴﲻæġ
Ȼͬԭϲֻһڽǳִ͹С
ˣȿڵԭӦҲܰæɡ
ҵһ뷨ҲڵǱǴøǳǷȵĿȥϣ룬ʵԻһ˼·
ʲôȲ
˿ˮڣǿýϵծҪǰæ͡룬Ӧúְ취ʡǮǶȴҲʧ
áʢͬǽҪʯͷǿԼġܶǳضԼʯ˵ҲܹԼҸҰ󿪲̫ʱˣҲ㡣
ԣҴǳжܹԼϣһܸʡܶ¡Ҳͬ
ؼ⻹Ҫü
ͩȴʵҲر鷳ҪЩǳծĽõģǿԸһЩļ۸ʡˡ
һĻͼˡ
һ֮󣬶óǽһǳصİȫϣϲȺ͸߶ȶҪߵģҲܲһжҪʥǿ롣
ȻȦˣŵʢ˼ȲȦܴĵطȽʵ˿ԲһֳǽȴóǽȦһ㣬ҲԺ鷳
ǣ˫
˰죬ȴһ뷨
˵ŪسǽĳǳΣʵ
سǽ
Щ⡣
ñͼֽϻһȦȻ滭һȦȻһȦ
ģǿȲȦܴĵطѭʵһһ
ǲ̫˷ˣЩ۵ǽ֧ܶ౶
ȫȵ֮ǰ³ǵĳǽҰ޹ƣжسǽͿȶڲĳȻгŶգҲôˡ
Ļǡ
ЩɣȵǮҲõģУȽһģСĳǳأǮ⣬ڳǳؽϣϣһȦһȦũһȦҵһȦũʽ
ΪʲôҪʢһĻǻ鷳ΪηֲһЩҲ
ͬΪ˱ӦСͼֽϻ˼ȦȻָһȦũҰһšôҰ޹ŵһǽʱǾͿڳǽϷùֻһζħ֮顣
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141 ־ɳ

Ԥڣһǳжȴж֪֮ġ
Ϊ˸ǳЭ̺ýĵծˣǾͻ˽ꡣ
һǾ̫Զˣ໥֮ĳƤ̫ģûһЩºģһЩҪĥƤ̧߽ļ۸塣
Щ¶ãʱѾˡ
ȵȵ˵طͣؿʼߣͩҽ˼ƽΪס
˴Լһµʱ䣬̽˸Ұ޷ֲҲʱ򣬸ǳصĽĿʼλ
õģһľʯϡ
⻹ȵһοʦн裬ͼͩ˫һģɫĻùͬ۾һ㣬껮õ߿ʼڵػ
緢ˣùıʵǾһֻҪǿ󣬸ȡǧɱ˶¡
һ죬ͩûϢڳ˳ǧ׵ĵػԼҲ̱ˡ
ȵæʱֵܳҰޡ
ˣЧҲʶֻͩһǲеġ
дԺԮɣϳ극ȿڵѧԺóʦԺҲѧʵᡣһǳصĽ죬ɲÿ˶ϵ¡
һС˼ܹԺͺˣҪ֪ԺǳĽðң뵽˷˳ǵĽУԺԷ˳øУԺǨѧԺ¡
յ֮⣬Ȼ˼һ֮־һβĻᡣ
˵ѧǣҲûвǳصĽ
͵ǻܾˡ
ǣڵһ֮ǵ˷һѧѧɵĽ顣
Դˣǽݱչˡ
ǽ治ʲôرмĻѧѧǻǷȱһЩʵΪé®һһ飬廨ŵ飬в׵ģҲֵÿǵġ
ڼ䣬Ȱ˼빤һԷ˳ǵ룬δչ֮ջѾǰˣҪҪԺ󵽷˳Ƕӣ
˵ĶĻֹһ
ûзȵСǷˡ
÷˳ĽɣġƶȵĳǳȻȺƽԶԻȱ˼ּ飬Ĭس¹Ļͨ˶Իǻ£ԡࡱȴЩѺá
˳˵׼ܹ֣ΪٳһƬء
ʱ£˳ڳǵĵһȦǽڽáһȺ˴ͷβһȷǳǽļ涼ûˣѹõĻ
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ûüܾһȺѧȲشӦˡ
˵֮ǰֹһνп࣬ҪѧԺƷһγɹζȺḻ́㽫ȥܵЩ׵Ժ
Ҳʱ򣬵ŵʼ֮ǰɹдšϾһȦǽãǴﵽЩ˵Ҫˡ
ڵȴЩ˵ڼ䣬ȼ˷ֳӣʢ͹Լŵ𱣻ѧӣȡԼȴǽѾǽΧڳʼҰ޽
Ϊ㹻ħ֮飬ȵǶʮСʱţ߶˳żҲΪˡ
һǰ˳ͶһԷ÷ޣݵŵѣһóֵһóҾƷ
֮ԽԽ˷˳ǡ
ȱΪŵϰٸͲˣǼÿ춼ˣʱһϺüʮȵһ˳Ǿһǧ
֪ЩдʵŵʶЩƴġ
ЩóóľóġҶ־ɳǣΪ˽˳ǶŬš
ŽһĵȾú𺳣Է˳ҲԽġ
ȱҵڶף˳ǳɣȻֻسǽڳǵľҲ򣬺ܶʩȫûС
ǣסǳȴĵϲԼĹͼҡ
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ǵҪĿȴס˳ǡ
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142 

˳ǵĵһλһĵչģԱֱȡꡢŵʢԼͩ
ҲڣǽһǵŵӰӣԹִӲڲʵû
ôˣǷ˳Ĳ̨ˡ
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ҡͷѾЩȥĻеЧ±»ǲҪˣϾҲСˡ
ŵЩεؿһûа취ˡ
꿪ڵҾҪ£ǵȰѽ׵иá
һԽ׵жڸǳפأҲǷ
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аɡǿ˵ͷԺһ쿴ˡ
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ʵϣ˴լٻεͷǳΪһЩǳصزǿⷽ淢չһ¡
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ΪԣǳصزûֹƷģһЩȻĶѡëˮ֮ġ
ֽ֮˳ؿһȻַ˳ǵ͵ϷļҲḻҪ˵ɫûз֡
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Ϊ·λ˼˼꣬·ϼΪо֡
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ʵ֤ҲҺ෬ţһ˫ҪôҪôȥˡ
˿̣ǰЩ˼üʵһ𣿡
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143 

ƴҪֹӶӶѪһԵѩһ߿һСŻȴڲʹŮ
ˣǲûеһʱ䷴ӦóǣǰиŮǲһңǲǾǵŵ˵ġ
һ仰û˵꣬ǾѾгؿ˳ȥ
Ƿ˳ǵĳ?𣿿죬ȾҶӺŮŵ
һģȾ֪ãҲ˲ϺѣֱӼǰһԽȥƿ˽ȥ
ѩɷ˼һС˵ÿλãöԷöԶŮơ
ÿĹսȥȾͿӵģ
һԺԼĪ䣬ЩҲɰȻʱкϲűɴؿ·һƬѪȻɲĻǴѪһſŵŮҪһЩ¶ıҲһƬѪģ
Ҳ飬ɫĻùֱӴ˫ðֱַŵϣһ˲䣬ɫĻùͽûˡ
ѩûдлعɫĻùʧˣǰǰȻӡ
ϵѪΪ⼸جΡ
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Ļ˯ĺ֮ʧˡ
Ѿŵ漣ǻ̲סˡ
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ǳл㣬㣬СС˵棬̲סۿһԵѩǲķӦ
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144 

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զģ
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Сһɤ
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ǡʱССԴᣬͬҲɰ
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146 

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ȴ֪˼ֱģƫƫϻҪװ⡣
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148 

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ԼĸͨˣòɫһЩһЩȻų͸ͷЩȥϰԱû
ŶҪ˵軹Щǰְæ˵Ҳһ߰Ŵ֣ǵ˵ǰæ˵Աְ֡ƫƫְֻرһף˳öˡ
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˵ʵһھʱý׵ĻȻ֪ʵԴûʲôʵеġ
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151 

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ŽȥȻ㿴ССӰڴϣǰչһ޴ͼ顣
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152 ɻ

˵ʱ׼ʱνѣִһԵĻȡëϴĴëѹ˻ȥ
һེ˳ֽ̧ɹķɣԺúٴηѾ˯»ɷжˡ
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153 ̵

ذ칫ϢɺɺѾǶˡ
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154 Ϸ

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156 

˵Ҳر⡣
ܶ೬߶Լĳһ֪⣬˵ոտģĳߣһȫԼĳ
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οһۣ䲻ʵķμӹϷ
΢΢һ˵ͷ
αǴѯһϷǿ骵ˣûȥ
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Ǽϣֱַɳ൯Ļ
ౣȻμӹϷ
һ֪ౣϷоڻҡ
㲻ڻƵġ
˵öԣԳ߶ԣЩͨ˶ڻҡ
˵ǲǿܻϷΣ
˰ɣҲҪļ档
԰ϣԶвμϷ
ǻŬ׬ǮȨ

תƻ⣬ָſʵ𣿡
Ȼá骵Ҳģɲǻ¡ԸĻ˯
ҡͷһ˯
Ҳûǿ˿ʱʱ䵽ˣвζƻζӪҪһ֣
۾΢΢һҪƻζģζϳԡ
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һߣ־ԼԽԽȥˣʲôûԹ
ƻζӪԥʵķҿԿϷƵ𣿡
ô뿴ǸһҡͷеģȻϷչʱȫֱƵǲطŵġ˵㣬뿴Ҳ
Щʧ
־֮УƳϷΪ˿ȴΪƳ籩
ֱûа취ȴԲڳտЩ˲ӰѪƵġ
뿪ǰ骶Ҫܿ飬ûоһ³
ε˵ͷҲȷʵЩҪһ¡
ǿսģϱΪҪֽڴϣûⷽĳԡ
Ⱳӡ
̧ͷ񣬾ͼϵˮΡΡ䵽
൱˵ĵڶ˫֣˫޵ĿܣȡֻãõսϣȫܱߵԵ˽д
ɣս;УϵһʯͻȻ۾ǻĸܣ
Ǿ൱ڶһ֣ǽٿصúãǶܶˡ
ţеĴССĶƯ
νȭʦһԶЧԲ
Ȼη֣þһƷͶƷѶƽӵģԼȻǷЩ
ĥôܵβ֪ῴֱȺѾΪľǲٿƷˡ
˵ʵ˶˿
Ͼڶٿ༼ܣһЩɻġ
ֱб¶ǹⱲӶԸˡ
϶ԣּܾͿ׽ˡ
ζԣĵǷǳʵģҲǷǳġ
֪ʵкܶˣΪ涨Աߡ
ףһ˺ܶʴװƷװһŶӸƽﲻĿζӪ
¿֮ˣҲ֪Ӧͦɵġ
Ȼֺɺܿͱˡ
ķôˣѾôˣ̲סʵ
촽Щµոշ֪ͨ416ջῪϷ
һģ
骵ͷ˫ֲϽյһϷʮǰһεĲ϶ܶ࣬϶١
ķǮȨ𣿡ʵ
ȲϷĴǷͨˣܹܿĻǱܿĺãϾͨ˵ʿ϶ܸߡ
ԣ骵ɫлָ˵ͷеģ֮ǰûйȨһõóġ
üѵȨֻܹһΣ
Ȼǡ骵ֻǻȨֻеһιʱ۸һ򣬵ڶιҪһǧ򣬵һڣĴʮڡԴơ
̲סһмܹһֱȨ
ЦԵʵЩ塣
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157 

Ҳͨ˻øˡ
⻰û˵ȴˡ
Ǹء
ЦԴûвģҪ˲μӡ
̾ȻʵϷֱܹ𣿡ȻУ˽һ¡
骶ʱΪˡ
Уü
骵ͷ㻹ûг꣬Ǽܵ¼ϷֱɱǼϵҪ̼
ʧˡ
ҵʱ˵һ˵
Ҳֻˡ
ЩʲԸص˵ͷ
ôһöЩûûζġ
骺سŵֻҪйϷ£Ρ
ϷľٰصˣںȺѾɾһΧˡ骵вʹˣʮڣֻһٸ
ôգεһôˣȺװ𣿡
װ¡骵һ󲿷˹ôװ¡
ε˵ͷʣεϷ𣿡
֮ǰ˵ϷÿεϷǲһģʵǿܹɨϷģܶʱ򻹻ῼͷԡ
ˡ骵Ϸϵսֻܴһͳһŵı˵Ķһģһġ
⣬εĲԱֳӪжԿ֪ľЩˣĹֻеŻṫ
ε˵ͷ
骸һͬ˵Ϸʱ򣬻Ͷˡ
εĴô٣ҿ˻Ȩɺɺһҵ
мûȨ⻰㷡
ɺɺ䣬תƻ˵Ϸ𣿡
ÿϷĲԱڿʼǰһȡģ֮ǰμӵ˿
ﵽ˲ǺͲٳȡԱˡܣûгֹ
Ȼ˶ͲñܿϷΪϷĽߣֱǱֵúҲܵõڴͣ˻ġ
УȻСɺɺ㿪ϷĹ˷һЩİ֣ҲǣǰҴˣõ㹻ĽʹͣԸðա
ôˣ˵˵ͻȻֵͣ
Ҳ˹
ͼɺɺǺһҿˣ
񡭡ޱգգ۾һɵò˵ɣ
ˢأ˵۾ˡ
棿Ҳ̲ס˷ˡ
ɺɺͷǧȷǿ
˵ţԼǼǿԼ㿪ĸҳ档
ֻпŪȥҳƬǿͷΣϷʮڣ˭Ϊ̫ɺɺǷġ
ôܣؿڵȥʮˣ񶼳˹壬ȫȨӦòǮɣ
᲻ᡣޱϷʮڣǵõĽкüڣ˵ֱһܻӭõĴ;Բ١֮ǰ˵ͶʵļƼƷ˾չкĹȨֵ˺üعֵϰڡЩ񻹺˺˲ˣǮ͵Ȼũͻ˼ʮڣôȱǮ
ΪʲôҪɻ
ܲϲϷİɣ
²ԭȴɺɺԼ񣺡ϵߣ϶Ҵߡ
Դˣڳ˶û
˶ϷΣյģĳǿߣϷϷˡ
һԶ֡
ȵ٤ʱ˵¡
˵浽ڶûһΣϷľٰ췽һֱΪжд̣֮ǰüϷʱֽšһζûѵ˼ΪҴߡ
ĳݺ;üú˧
Ųǿأ˼ҿʵҲǹ¶ȴԼŬΪ˹塣˵ֽΨһһǿڵģʮϷҴܳΪĹ涼˺üǧˣȴֻһˡ骷
Ŀѵ˧
骶ʱҭסǸȻ泤˧ҿɲΪ˧ŷġ
˧ҲһѪ
û
ֱĵĻᶼˣ
Сΰౣ迴׼׼ġ
Ҳķ˿˵ʵҪ˧Ҳ
ԵĶԵģǵһλ
ϰɣ治Ҷһ
ɺɺõ㿪ֱﲻЦˣͬһ֡
骾ǿķǣ˭֪ǸտذԼûԾɺɺЦζˣԺô˵Լշۣ
-

158 

һεϷģԴ࣬ʮڵĲȻǰδСǰ꣬滹йһڵĲء
εĴȷʵһЩٵһζء
ûڿ飬ûá
;һ㸺ٰϷĶǾٷһ仰ʲô˵ǰǴͷһ鶼УôǻԼ⡣
˵ˣ
ʮ֮ٴαμϷ²˺䶯
һܸߣ˵ȫżҲΪȻ˲ô⣬ȴһΪʾ֧֡
ֽͳȡΪڴҾġ
ǣǼǿĻ˵壬˵գ˵ı˵츣ᡭ
֮Щ;ù۵ġ
֪ϷĿľڵȡĵһµĻɫˡ
֮ǰ췽ıŷƣȴûһʮڣһٽɹ塣
òȰ˵ԼԺٸ˴򽻵ˣһֱϷˡ
ܼǰӹĶһߵŮӶȻ㱨ովҪҪظһ¡
ܼѵã˺˵ӶˣûǸˡ
ƽ淢պҪֱһʷƥϱɽˣ¶ԷٺÿҲû컵˼
ԣŲͣ٣ĳɱſһĽȥ
ûбҪãĮɤ
ܼԲ⣬һӶ˰ͣһ߼㱨⣬ҴСҪԼ칲ͣŶСҪԼȥӰڼҴСҪԼһμԺٰĹҴСҪԼаμ游磬ҴСҪԼ
˵꣬Ͳ͵شĻЩŮ˵Լˣ˵ġ
ܼԲ⣬̲סЩʧԼѾȢӵʱˡ
ϧЩС׷ԼܣȴһҲۡ
Լ۸ڶûĸŮܱ࿴Ҳ֪ʲôʱŻŮˡ
ƼŵܾҪԼһǢ̸֮ǰļԼũҵŷϢҪµ֮ǰũơǷҵŮʿҪԼ˵󣬹ܼҵıЩŹ֡
Ҳ΢΢һҼǵ÷ҵױƷģĲҵûصģ
ܼҵͷǵģŮʿԼϣ²ƷϵеĴˡ
üһƵܾ
ܼԲ⣬Ůʿֻƽ񣬵ҵķȴӡ
ЩС㡭ĹϷ⣬ְֻҲһ⣬˽Щ˵ӹûƽء
Щƽ߿ƽҲԸµĺӱƽ˹СԸ޸ûϢĹ壬ҲԸ޸ƽ
Լǲһ˵ֽΪ壬ЩСܷŹ֡
ȻԼ˿ɲֹƽֻ
òڼ䣬ֻܼ㱨һյԽԽ࣬ԽԽˣμϷ֮еġ
ɫŲס㿴Ű죬ⷿɡ
ܼЩεⷿˡԼĸߣûбһƽʱյﶼ٣һ͸ӱ䱾ˣⷿٴ󶼶ס
ɫһ٣ǾͷŵũǱߵĿⷿ
ܼҵͷӦ¡
ܽӴ磬ȴܹоžϷʼʱԽĵԽزͬˡ
骸ûȨͬҪôݷҪôʱڽ
Ҳ⣬֮ǰķôҵܣҲΪϷ
骵˵ͷЩԥʵ֪òҪμϷȻʱضܡǣϷǳеģҲԹȨȨҲпһζû鵽ءΪһܻʱȥû治˵
˶٣СҰְ־ΪϷһֱнϰߣʮһգӲиǡİٶˣûȨȴһζûϹϷ
ԣȻ֮൹˿
λνȡл᲻ֽţȴˡ
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159 ʼ

ܿ͵Ϸʼǰһ졣
ȻֱܿȴӦ߿ֱ˳תһ¡
˳ˣͻȻο˹
һ߿ֽһߵʮһѡ
ʶ˵ֶȻһط֣˵ʶ˱ˣЩвûкر𽻺õġ
Ա֮εϷҲˡ
ϸΪЩӣӿ꣬ȴʮӲŽ
ģεĹҲ̫Щզ
ôˣһ档
ʿˮ֮ǰ˵ˣӶԿơǰҲйǡ˵ˣϷҪôӣҪôǺӡֻҪһӻ˴ӵ˼һˣϷҲҪȥ
ˣһҴкܴǲһ˵ġ
ܾҲпܵġ
骵ͷ;̫ˡǸͲ˻·
أ𣿡κ
С骵ıˣȻǶԿԱǿ֪ԼӻǺӵģٰ췽Ҳ֪Աϵ֮Ҫһ֮ȷԼݡ
ȷ򴽵췽ںĸ˺ӵ֤룬ֻһ֤ᡣȷ֮ӵֻɱӵˣӵֻɱӵˣɱ˳ʮˣͻԶ̭췽ȡһ
һûȷݣҲԶ̭
ˣҲ̫Ҫ֪Ǽϵͳ˽ǶԷԸǾ޷˵ϵͳ֤ġ
Ҳ˵Լĸģʱȫƾһ졣˵Լӵ˿Ǻӵģ˵ԼǺӵҲӵġԱҪԵ˱ԼݣҲҪ취˵ݡû㹻жǿˣҲܱŰԼ̭ˡ
ңֹºܿܳǺӵ˶ڻɶԷӵ˵˸࣬һ໳ɻ滰ѻһ޴ӷֱ档
˵֤벢һԵģȺӺͺӵ֤һģǣӵȴضвġ
ǡ
Ȼ𾴣ϷôԽ𣿡
Խġ骵ǰûô̬ġ
־棬ʵҲûа취ƽ⡣
ôƽ⣿骺ˡ
Լôӵľһ㷨ӶûС
ַεһǰӣҺöѣԼһ֤ŴĲѡִֶ̫ٵؽ֤һʼӵƣܹεĶѣж˳
˵ƺͦףѶҲСϾдǶҪĻҲǿͱһġ
һַȽʺǿߡμ֮ǰ˵Ǹ棬Ļһʼͻݡˣͬӵ˿϶۵ߡȻҲпежԶ˻ʵܺýҪ鿴ϵͳ֤ӦúܶԸ⣬ǲԸ;ܾӡжʱһӵϣȱݣȻҪ鿴Էϵͳ֤ǲԸ⣬ʮа˾ǵжӵģɱΪżɱҲû£ҿ
̾ΪֹһµĻ˵ˣûһ˵ô໰
ΰһۣˡ
Ǳŵˡæʵ̫ˣҸû뵽
ɫȻ
ʵû˵꣬Ϊ֮ǰû뵽ءϷȻͷۣӵж߾ٿˣľͲˡ
ȵϷʽʼ֮ξˡ
ۿֱȻת˵ʵⷽ沢óģŹû˼ġ
ҲԱûʶģ骽һжûС
Ϊ骶ǸǳעһؾȻҲе׷ĸоˡ
浽״֤һ鰡
סڸҵ֤ô֤ӵ֤ˡ
ҵӵ֤ˣôˣ
ˣ˿ˡ
ץˣҪ鿴Էϵͳ֤ˣҲǣҲҲӦ
Ȼ˾ôˣ
ףҵһ֤롣桭ô֤ˣ
骵Ľˮƽʵ̫ˣһͷһͷģһһէ˵˰죬Щ˼·ˡ
˲ʮڣ
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160 

ȻҪͨƻ֤̭һˣץ˲鿴ϵͳַ֤ߣúӺӵ˶ΪǶѡ
ȻڶķչȴЩˡ
ѽˣۡҩζأ˴ˣ
ʲôƢҲ̫˰ɣͶˣ
ס˵⻰ôͻȻͶˣ

üʲô
ҡͷҲ̫ףǷÿˣЩ˶Ԥ׵ض֡
ԣһ᲻ĳ
һ漴Ȼˣǻϵϵϵϵĳߣֻ֪ٶǳ˵ʮϣֻռ˲ƣû˵ľϵʲô
ЩɵʲôոǼʶӦòǾٿء
һ߶߶β¶Ρ
˵ֱֻתԼʵǺư
εԤ֮УϷôҲи²Ż
Ȼʵȴˡ˵ھ죬ⳡϷͽˣ
ֻһҴ棿ھȡ
Ҳأ˵ͷӸʣ¶ʮˣ˫ִȻʹȻ󡭡ֻʣˣ

ʵϣпֱ˶µġ
˭ķʲô
Բۣҷʲô
ǣע⵽ǸҪ͵Ϯİôģ
Ҳˣ濴һۣһֵصˣ
Ǿϵɣ
ϵôţ
骿ЩĻ֮ת
ȻȻµǾϵʲôȴû˲µ
ȴʱһ˷ܵصˣ
٣ʡ
骵۾Ȼڶ࣡һϧѶûС
ȴĻǲһľͻӭӤ
骵ͷε̫ˣĵЩǺ
κǲĻô죿ʵ˵ԽԼóȥԼûѴٿƽϣˡ
ֻܸصˡ骵˿ڱȽ϶࣬ʱֻܰѺ͵ʡеġ
̤½أˡ
ʲô˽İָı
ѣ鲻˹ǵװˣ˭֪ڸء
ͲÿϷȫû
İӣ治͸¶һԼľϵ
ɫǲ˵ˣȺŻˡ
ðɣˡİ費Ϊ
һǰһ˳汨˸ַ˾ͽ
ôпչü
λԴţǿɲһæҲͷڵʱпոѷƵ
İЩڨڨԥãſʵҲ㹦ͣҪҪҸŮѣ
ԴҩˣƳһۣҵֲǲ֪
˰ɣǸŮ֢İһѾҪ˵Ϲ˵İɣҲˣĿŮֻ֢ҪŮһӽͻŻʡ㵹ãüͷɶӦûУ㵹һθҿ
˿ô롣֪Լڳϲ֢ҲǸ˼
֮СͲϲŮˣȺر鷳
İ̾˿ʵ˾Ů㣬֪ҸʶҪҸǰһס
鲻䣬λСȻǹ壬ҲƯؼԸҲѵòֱˬ顣ıɽҪİ滯ˡ
һ̣һڵ㲻ҲûŮ𣿡û취ԼŮһֻҪһ뵽Ǹ棬;öġ
ԼҲ˵Ϊʲô·ġ
İ˰Ĳ˼ʱ۾˼ҪңĻ᣿
浯˵̻ңЦҿϵŮˣ
İˣǲŮģҲ֪ŮҲġ
ֵܣҳԶٷɣҪȻ˾İˡİڿǮˣӦòһٷɣ
濴һۣȥҼҡ
İͷֻҪӪͳɡ
Ȼңȴſվһϵˡ
ӣôˣİ辪ȵ
ЦѵҲҪý
һ㶣Ŀ䵽İϣ¶Ȼ
ֵѵܾһ飬ͱ˵Щɨ˵ˡİһһ߽
߽ܼһ£ǡ
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161 

ֹܼҾȣԼλ֪ģһЩԨԴ
ʵԭõĸˡ
˳ѰĸһСģҲ׽˵ǴһӵķС
ϷˣİμӹԱԽڲμ챻˾ʣµһǹܼȥĺͿ׵
ҲҺˣܼҴĳڷ絲סҲš
ֻôЩȥţԼԼĹϵֽˣΪˡ
Ը׼ˣҪдѡ
ܼԥ£ʵ˵Ĺ񡭡ԵóдλЩò׼ҪҪں硣
һԥ
ܼҵͷԼȻǸˡ
ȥİЦˣѧĶӰɣһҲ񡣡
Ǻ¡ڵһ̣ЦһҲŮƭֶ˵ġ
⻰ɱ˵⺢ӹֲ׵ġİһۡ
Ҳ֪˭ﻰ˵ǲˡ
ȴǿ棬˵ʵǲǶϷĶʮˣ
ʮڣ
İһ㶣漴ɴ۾棬㲻ɣ
棬ﵽϷʮڵĿܽɹӾﵽʮڣܽɲӵһϷָʮܽɺӵϷָʮɹӵϷָʮӵϷָ
νָ˼壬ǿָĳ˲μϷܶԷǹ廹ƽֻҪûйȨġ
棬ͨϷĹӵȨѰֻܹӵһָ
˴뱭ˮѹ㡭òỹҪɣ
Ϊʲôü
ǡ̲Ѿ𣿡İ֧֧
˵游ĸԹ߶Ҫһ
ĸǹò˵ټ˫ϵߡɫԭǿһԺճĹ׵ġŵ뷨ȴǲͬѰ壬ûпЩŵĹ壬ΪƽĽ
˵ĽȻֻƽ񣬵ȴǳڣϵĳܹѱޣҲһĳˡ˵ĽúãȦСⶼҲҲÿġôÿˣӻرᣬܲ
˽󣬳˹ǱߵݼЦΪ˶˹ݣԸȴòû͸Ȩ˳˳˸ӣӻϲϲܵȥˡ
Ȼ߰ʱΨһһλܶһ飬ȴ׷ֺöϴʾܾ
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ȻҲ֪ģֻкĽˣŲŻῼǽ
ǣһϷָĽμӡ
ܵıϷĽ֪ѶˣȻĽȴ̫áǴϷľٰصûжûĽĳû֮أʹ䵽ͨûв
ҪˣĽҲûлҴˣҲǶһ
ȻһϷȴһȶء
һϷͻȻѳͨˣ˾ѵ⣬һֻޣֻΨһĹʽǽ̳븹
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ϷǰһֻͷۣϾҪԱʬȡʵ̫鷳ˡ
Ȼû뵽ǣٰ췽˵ľ״̬½ĸʿȴҲ̳Եʮˡ
һоŷ֣˵ĳǽ̳븹ʵʱǽ˶ռ䡣
ңֻܽ˶ȥû취ٽŪġ
Ҳ˵Ľڵʮˣôˡ
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ûǸ֪֮·ɱĳߣΪĽμϷȴû취ȥޡ
Ҳû뵽£֮ȴǾϲˣֿʼ׷š
ŹȻ̬ɶϲԽٽ
Ȼû뵽ǣŻû˵ʱͻȻֶȡ
ŵһǸʴܹһ˴ͷβ׸ʴҲܹ׽ɱġ
Ȼŵ̫ãϣͱ˷ˡ
ˣܵþȣȴΪıɱϷͥƽɱ屾ͻУ˵ŲֻȡܵһǴɱ
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162 ƽ

¾Ϊ飬ҲŵĴʽ˰
ǣžʧȥ֮ʧȥĸףΪһ¶
ΪѾˣüֻ֪ҰְˣҲˣܻš
İŵ⣬̡ɷ¡
浭ЦҲû㷸
ģһ᷸ġһһٵ
İ軹Ҫ˵ʲôȴĻ㡣
լİ̱̲סʵ㵽ʲôΪʲô˵Ļ
ڵƳһ۵ʲôֻҪɶûа취ΡΪѣֻҪû¾ͺѲɣһҪﲻʹ죿
ߣӹǶõ˺ôҲ˹߹
⻰ίʵİһ֪Ҳ˼һҾܱһŹģ
ŹڲΪϷ޷κ棬ΪֻҪ;޷ó
һóٻһлٵײ־
İ΢΢һ
ֿڵѵûԣҲãҲãõĶǻߣ£Ϊ
˵İ۾뵽ϲ˾Ů֮ǰû룬ڡ
ڵ˾Ҫ޸棬ҲԷ
Ϊ;ûԶʮڵҰģ
ǿˣֻǹףȻͷΣȴûʵȨ
İò̾ðɣ̫뵱Ȼˡ
ɳϾþòܼ̲סʾ
û¡˵ţվԼķ䡣
Ҫ˵Ծ֮ܺǣʵҲǣԣֻһҪɵ¡
ڶʮڡ
۵׻һĨȻܵøԼЩʮҲãʮҲá
ǰһֱ壬ȻӤͽ֮Ͳˡ
䡭ЩӤһ඼иĸġȻͲҪĵı裬ȫԼӡ
ȻδСҲǸˣЩĸовķ˿ǩ˼ֱҪ̫ࡣ
ֻʱģһʱ䣬ЩҳƺҲϰʱʱҲܹദˡ
βͬĺΪиĸкܶͬ飬ÿ춼ǵĻЦ
Լ⣬ЩûٸһЩͬŮϲޣһЩƯ·Ьӡ
βûΪЩø骲ɸˣֻСûֹϰߵ޶ˡ
β֪骵뷨񽫴˼дٿƺͳϡ
骵ǺܵΣԭǵΨһһӣȻһӶôຢӵֱεֱܵӰ죬ڻᱻߡ
ζԴ˵ܹһƽģ˵õĴѾһ֡ûǮҲ׬ǮԼʲô¡
ѯʹȻƼȽϷ˵ĴڣܵĶʵִû̫
滭͵Ƿǳŵҵϱѧ꣬ˮƽѴﵽ˲ĶˮƽĴʦƷҲ٣Լ֮Ǿй֮޲
ЩʦƷһٵġ
Ϊ͹ϵǲҷȫˮƽģˣʦҲ츳
ȵһһͷʵ׬Ǯ
˵ΪƼչ׿ԽĹϵʣµũǳޡ˵ũֵڽǣȻũƷ۸վ
֣ӻ־ͻһѵũƷ
οֱͶ಻࣬ʵʲôҪ¡
ķ˿ȻһС֣˻Ӱ첢ܴ
״骺ݺһ
ʵεĴϻۺͲܣ뿪֮Ӳ̰ĵģϣʱԽԽá
˽£̲ס͹ɺɺϧεĳƺûʲôɱѧҲʮڣŪ嵱á
ɺɺӶɳʲôأ궼һ
β֪㣬ǡ
ǰεĸĸΪλԸΪȴЩˡ̾
ɺɺɫһɱɵ
ȥˣ骰һۣҾô̾һ䡣
-

163 ʮ

ȥµ˽Ųȴһ̲ЪȻعʱѾʮȥˡ
ѾǼϵͳҵҲˣȰһҪҡһ߰εĶ䣬һ߽˻Ѿ㼤ˣ˽һȥһ¥㸸ĸӦŲ㡣࣬ҲǸϡ
˵˶ٵĸֻ֣ȴҪԼջǸ㸸ա㵽¥˰ϸˡ
λǵһε֪£ʵҸĸʲôģ
ĸ䣬㸸ׯ骽ϣ̧ͷش
ΡׯΡ
飬ȻͽׯΰɡȫȽ˳
νصͷУԼͺá
ȵſڣЩؽСݸЩȹż˰ķԷ㲻һֱӪ֮Ķ𣿡
ԣֱס趼źáϰʱ䣬û취
΢΢Цá
ǰ¥·̷ǳ˳Ƚȥ֮󣬾Ͳô˳ˡ
ߵʲôʱ뿪ĵģʲô㣬Ժ᲻ֱˣҪҪǩ
μֱͷ
ò˸ƺ˾˶˻ȥ˿
֮λƺΪƳԹԱϵǼǣŲ̳еĸ
εԤϣĸľȻһ״ŰĶصķӡ
֮ǰʮ׷һֱܡĸ׵ԸһֱûгȥǶʱᰲɨά㲻õķӲסǰĶصĳΪЩıܷѡƳһǩ֣һ˵
ε˵ͷͷǩԼ֡
Ƴֵ֮⣬㸸ĸ171ֽ𣬶ʮϢǮѾˣǮת˻ϣעա
¥̲ס̾һΪⱻϳһͽȥˡ
ĸķλЩƫǽѾǳˡȵ˵طθǮ֮סˡ
ⶰӲĿռһƽɲѬ֮ĿҲһЩ֮кܴĸĽռ䡣
ȵⶰλáһƬұһƬ֣߽紦һһ׶С߽ȥǿյİĶء
ܿȴһ̶ûС
ôһⶰӾͶ˼Ϣ
ǰԿ״ţڵĸӦ𣬳ϣڲⲿҪƯ࣬ҲΪҪ࣬鿴һ߽߱ǽǶǸɸɾġ
½ڲһ飬ⶰȻ۲⣬ڲȴƵúȸСȫǺܵ͵Ͼӡ
һ˯ҪǸõǼϵͳЩһʰ
˵ڶϣδһӪˣʰʰȥˡ
㽫һߣϤһ£ٵðѳв˳ֵطѰˡ
ʱסͦģһȴʵˡ
ξͷһסլСһرҲСĳСгҪԶһЩ˰Сʱŵ
ܵ˵ͦġ
ȴ֪һ·˵ΧۣϳǼϵͳա
ϲгĶͦȫģȶʮһҲҼ۸񻹲ߡ
ξùŹ֣һ֪ЩʳĶȻģһϼϳɵġȻЩ߲ˮ⵰һ޶˵ЩϳʳƷڿڸȻһģһʣһɺϳʳƷеĹζ
ٲóԣҲӪǿ
ѯһȻʳƷȴг̯֪ȻʳƷֻĲŻûġ
ȥ֮ηõķ֤£ֲֹⷢӺͰĶأСֺƬĲȨȻҲġ
㣬ЩôҲֵǧˡ
£鵽ĵطΪ࣬Ȼ٣ö೬ﶼҲе
һЩӵ̵ۣΪʲôôˡ
ȻΪذĹϵ˶ûеأǺܶ˶øֵ֮ģúС
ûӣʹ㻨ϼܵ˽һ¡
ˣһӪ֮ξٴγˡ
֮ǰֿǼе˳ֽһΪٵõӣųȥͿһԶԶˡ
ߵ·ڣҲˡ
ǡˣ
-

164 ߱ɱ

ǸڳǰסŮЩڨڨ̽Դʵڲ˼ҵǼϵͳֹû취гպĿĵز࣬Ծ͡
˫ֺʮһҿԸһ룬ռıˡ
üֽ𣿡֪˴ϰֽ֧ⶫܶûеġ
˱װǰɣ
Сͬ⣬ŮæӿڴץһңǸũԱʱҪһһֽĿͻ϶ٻһЩֽ𣬸ѻǹġ
ǰҲ˵˷뼺㣬ûвӦɡ
ǵ˳һӣͺˡ
ΪŮʵ̫˵ˡ
ҽкɣũԱʲô֣һףոûע⣬ڿЩ죬ѵĸǣ
ǳ˳飬ׯΡ˵ģԷĿ⣬Ȼǿ׷ˡ
ϵͳɨ裬Լ˵
ׯΡͻȻɴ۾ΣǸΨһΣ
ԶԷһĿ⣬βڼˣ˳ǣȴûܳһòЦݡ
ȻǸȻģҲλش𣬾һȻˣѾˣӦ뿪ˡ˵ͤѵסʵͤ
ָ֧°͵Ҳ²£լǱûпշҲû˵˶޷ӣסӦǡǶֱ
ȴǺڼˣԼֱͣûɢкɵŮ˰ԼסȥԼͱаˡ
һ˷ֱܵɲö˶ȥҪѺֱ˵ϰҲ⡣û뵽ǷӾȻġ
ˣϵļ¼ҪȥгǲǴֲҪҰæҶǶǺϤģܰʡǮ
źڶߵ߶ֻͷۣЩذ˰ֵá
ƺɺЩڨڨӵᣬҲǻˣǿƲסͣģסҾԲ߱˵ġ
˵ͷô룬û֪ˡ
ȵ˵طɵǺ佫һ복ѽˣȻĿ뿪ӣһСˡ
гкܶƷ࣬ѡһЩ߲˵ӣһȻķŵ˵ϣȥЭᡣ
ǽ̹ļλʦ⽻ģ˵ƼЭᣬȥһǼǡ
βЭѽĻԱһĳľӢǾˮƽ㹻ͣЩʦζƼЭġ
ζԣܹΪЭĻԱһ¡ȻûǮãͷΣƷˮǴߣЩղؼҵߡ
ûͷΣεƷٺãûһȨ飬ǱһϼǮġ
ȻȻмλʦƼҲʲô͵õЭϿɡ
λʦ˵ЭҪֻҪˮƽأܽЭᡣ
ңЭĹÿ¶ΪԱһƹ㣬ǱֵúãǽɲžԺͲõƷȥˡ
εˮƽȻӹɵģΪһʵĻ͵ȼλʦˮƽҪһЩЭߵ¶̬ȼ磬ͨ룬̸¸µƷƹ㰲š
ֻҪƹƷõ˿͵ĺԺܽƷЭ
ΪҪʱȽϳδЭʱɫѾЩˡ
֮ǰеĵǲõĽв
ֻǣЭηЩ࣬Ҫô°Ҫôǹҹеˡ
Ϊ뵼ͣĵطһ·βò߽С
Эḽһ㳡㳡ǵͣĵطˡ
㳡ϵЩ࣬жһЩɢķޣƹһ̳ÿ·˴һߵ˳
֮˵Ǵ֣ΪģЩ˾ȻñĶϴףҲ
cosplay
ô룬
߱ɱߣ
ô߱ɱߣ
Ӱ
߱ɱʲô
λûзӦͿýһװ˹ԥԼҪߵʱһɾ޴ͻȻӺ
⧲֮䣬һǰˤȥ
ɧе΢΢üǡʱķԱһŵ˽Űڵľˣ߱ɱ߳˹㳡ϣ
üͷһ壬̴˳ȥƿõĴһԾ¡
-

165 һ飿

ζԼˤ߱ɱߵ۵¶˷ܡ
ʶôŸոճŮ϶ֹһɱҲûйϵ
ţһذ״˹ȥ
βûֽǰΣգһз̫죬ʧֻüֵǰ档
ΪٵðһȻһ̣ȴԼ䵽һЩӲЩȵĻС
ҽǰʶƿ֣ͿǸ߱ɱڵϣڴѪذѾ˵ϡ
պͷͶһ˫γ覵
˷׷һȻ̵һſ֣ŲҪˡ
Ȼһ̣ηһʶַס΢΢šüôˣ
дŵѹɫ΢΢һףƿ֣ЩĵԱߵĻ̳ϣǸҽŤˡ
ˣ֮ǰҲ۵ʧأþз
ԣͷȥȻŮӵĽۿɼٶȺ
ӣӦŤ˽ƿɲᡣ
һ㣬ҲˣҸ˷ԼȥһҽԺ͸һǲƣǵҸùͷ
ͼüͷЩɵؽָȥȻ
۵òгסˣ۽ȴǲܿƵðỨ
̧ͷͿŮˮģ
ĵ˿Źֵĸоüһ䣬ʲô
һ㶣ʶ˵ʲôæֽ򴽣Сᡣ
ҲʶˣЩڵرĿ⣬еҰѽ˳ˣȥѪҩͺˡ
ģһ㶣Щɵʵȷû˵ͷʲôģ
Щ͵̧۾ȴ˼Ľʣŵ㻳ɣƺ±ﵢơ
ؿһƣҪ϶תˣǴ˿̣ȴʹһ䣺й˿Ƶҽִա
ȻЩ䣬Ҳ˵ó
˿ͻȻ뵽һ£̧ͷȥ
ʱ߱ɱѾץˣŵҲѾϵľ찲
ƾۣҵ֮ǰԼһѵǸˣ
汾ˣģ̲סʵʲô
û뵽һ͸˻Ὺʣԥµ֮ǰǱƳȥġ
û뵽һĿһһȡ
˵ţߵ˾Ǳߣ˵˼䣬һ˹
ʶεģ֮ھȣȻһȡϵͳǼϵͳɨɨȻʾϿʵׯС㣬˵֮ǰ˳ȥ𣿡
εͷ
˵һ¾𣿡ʵ
˵һӦվҺһѣܴ󡣡
ж϶ԷҺ󷽵ǣʡ
ָָԼҺƵ⡣
ĿⴥӯӯһյϸɿƿȴĪˡ
ʱ˵һ飬˾ׯС㣬ǻأ˽֪ͨ㡣
ε˵ͷ
ȾһߣվǶ֪ʲô鼫Ϊص档
ллˣ֪ϵʽοڵ
ǰ˲ýӽʳ⻰ҲһԣѾ˱ܾ׼
Ȼ㲻Ͼ֮Էȷʵǰ˴æˣǿͷлȻ
ΣҪԷԸԸܡ
˼Ҳ뱻ţӲҪлԵò̫ˡ
ʵϣȷʵҪܾģȻ߻ȴˣûв㡣
һ㶣̧ͷ˿Щɵ˴Ǽϵͳ֡
΢΢򴽣Ҳ˳ȥ
εһ˷׷ջ֡
κЦ˱𣬾תЩһȳһյ뿪ˡ
ͷŸոȥҪԷ֣Ҫüëһˡ
ֱ˹һ
ȥԹͻȻʵѵйƻĵĳ
Լ
ܼܿ˿ȷԼֻԼԥµӦаɣĹŹֵĳѵ𡣡
ոʶʳǻܼҵĻشһɡ
ȴû뵽ֲܼһ䣺ʲôʵʲôĳߵǰȡ衣
ʱոƽüͷ
ܲһɣ
ţɷһЦ
֮
ֻʣ·ŭ֮һˣͨ񴥹ۿǰһĻִЦ
ϢϢˣ
Ц֮ȴЩɺ
Ϣõ˴˵ô͸Ůأ
Ŀ⴩͸ڣ䵽յϡ
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166 ͻ

ΪһڣλصҵʱɫѾȫ
˳֮һӺһһȳһյػؼˣȽݣͷѾðϸˡ
ϣһϵʹŽʧ
Щǲ׵ˣͷһȴʵԭһɱ˿
ҪȥϴϢα㿴ڽűߵ
ĸΪ࣬ԷһҲӰ죬Ҫٷһҹ
̾˿˳ȥ
ȻЩڣѲʲô£κܿŪˡ
ٻصңֱ̱ˡ
˯֮ǰλͦĵģȻλŲǻ˵ѵˣ֪֪治֪ģ˭ҲҴƱ
ڵ˵ڶ죬ηֽ׵ʹ˴룬ɾ˿
ǲκãĥ»Ƿˡ
Ϊֱĳû취ġǣΪһЩǣĵʱѵҲŵġ֪Ƴȴ֪ĳǿĳ̶ȡ
骸˵õͳ߶ܵ߾Ƹ
֮õĺ£ȴҪĺ¡
ԣ򲻵ѡμϷǾԲԸ͸¶Լʵġ
ȻԭƻȥгûССѼģ߲˿Լ֣Ļÿȥʵ̫鷳ˡ
һ£ȻʳĹѰһһһأһٵóԵʮ
ȻĿǰǮԼĻǲҪݳˡ
ƻֻݻһ£Ƚź֮ȥˡ
Ҳģͷҽ߲£ýˮĽˮʩʵʩʡ磬Ͷڼﻭ̡
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ԼаˣԴ֮󣬾ʱʱŮˮģʱǽϸܹϸ⻬
ڸոգ㿪ǼϵͳҪϵԷʱɲס֡
ܿͷǸŮȻĬĬš
Ծ֮ܶš
ʮӺЩطŮȻǸմĳֱ졣
ȷСƬͽƵ֮Խһʰˣǰ첻£صϢ޾ϸطһ顣
󣬸ûסԼ֣ЩƬƵ
ȻεŮСĳ
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Դ֮󣬲ܷʲô£г񣬾ʲô¶Ѳһ
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ˣῴʵЩ㷣ǳ¡
Ƴһۣǲشģôȥ£ʵҼǵһũͤ
ũȤ֮ԻṺ룬ҲΪⶫֵԼũӦʳҲͦġ
Ȼһʼʱʵؿһ֮ȴһֱûȥЩһǹܼڴ
֮Ϊׯξסͤ
ܼЩ⣬ʵشǵģͤǸũЩСֻٶĶΪýʳĶͤũӦġ
˵ͷܼΪҪʲôָʾʱͻȻڵȥ
ܼһãȻǼ˼
⻰һ˵ȴǾ˿һӾˬˡ
νẕ֮́ȥгץһСһСѼ
СŵСѼŵ֮λ˵ľϣԼԿһںߴһѼ
ΪڲɵĹëϰߣ߰˻زŴԼ⣬ȤļѼ
ҲҺɨˣԼĻǾԲѼģǴɨѼԾǴˡ
Ϊɨػ˵ıĥҪҪɱɱѼԼӲͷƤϣɱĻͼѼͬôϲʵĲһЩܲһͳһٰɣ
ڼѼ᲻ᱻ͵һҲġ棬ѼǹزƲ͵Ҫεġ˲͵ˣǼļ޴ڣһһ׼
Ϊ˼ѼʲζҲѪˣֱӴһΪǵϡ
ȻԸڼҲûԼʵ߲˺ʹ˳ԡ
һͻ룬뵽ܹ֮УѪһأȻɹˡ
ˣ˵⣬ţԡ
εҲûѼģҲһ¡
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167 

ξԼСӻǲģڷԼþֻ֮ԼǮȥˡ
ҪʲôԼȥݣ
Ⱳӵľϱǿ࣬ԭһֻֻܾһҵĶ˵ٶ˶֮һ
ûǸڰϷȲҪãϾϰִıݡ
ԼȥԷʱ˵ʵλЩģĶԼҺá
˵õģҲ÷ڡ
ԭΪԼԷ϶ȥԺϳʳƷȻһҾ˵ֻȻʳĲ
⣬ЦİɣԶٷǮһеġ
ЩΪչΣյĴҲ٣кüǧˡǮԺһǧһλȨľͿӻˣҲͣǶҲŻŵʱǮܣҲͻȻǮȴ˱ˡ
εļ£ǵһʷ˿ҺһܲŹ
溣Сʳ˵ġ
Ҳǳˣ骱ûǿ
ҲȻ󣬵˵ʵζͦõģҲһ߳һ
˵ټ򵥵ػشһ䡣
˵ӣ˵̣ʵرϸƵ˵ˣڸǵıʲôͼˡ
ķż٣ʵ
骵ͷֹ죬ҰѼٶһˣϢ졣
ͰźõģΪγ֮ܿճʱޡ
΢΢Цǰķ㵽Ҽסɡ
ûоܾȥεʲôҪĽĵط
˵ˣֱ骻̲סˡطʵ̫ˣ˵εĸĸֻͨˣҲ֪ôõĵطôǵġ
Ȼ˼Ѽһȡ
εɨˣܷ㡣
ߵ˿ŷ˵ɨҲͺţ˵һҪʮҲѹôܣ˵񼦵Ļܸɡ
ȰνԼ㣬һǳȴǹ壬ٶǮҲȨǮŻ绨һʲôû˵
ΪȾ骹ס죬֮ǰ;ֻʳģֱŰݡ
ıʵ൱ִı䣬ֻϵͳҲܣһ಻ͬʺϵ±ľ͵±棬䶳ľ䶳µľͳ£֤˪֪á
ǣ骿ôȻʳľȻû߶ܼң
֪͸ոһĹˣͬڻǮϲš
ķסҸڡν骴׼õĿͷС
¥䣬СһģҶԡ
ϱ춼ոµģ̺ˣԼ֮ǰ׼ˣȻû
μסһ죬骻ͷˣ⺢ӱԼĻҪܸɡӹãǱĻҪãһ㺢ԼӾɶҲˣԲϡ
ϣκ骳Թ緹ȥɢȻЩıϳҲΪͲȥ
һƬũ骿ŶһƬΧǽʵ
εͷǸɡ
ôʱ䶼ûţŮӦ񵱳˵ûнϢ͸¶ȥС֮ĶȾ֮ˡ
ô룬˺
Σ
̧ͷһͿɿһ˳˹
ɢһ˻ش͹˵֮ǰأȴûߣˡ
һ˵ţƻ˹
ҸժģҲϴˣǳ࣬ʵء
κͺ⧲һƻһʱЩ޴롣
ƻһȻʳƷóȥҪǧ
ΪѣɴչСÿƻϰũģûлǮ򡣡
ǲǲ̫ã
û£ɴֵũһٶˣϰûһΣũܵɣƽʱҲûٳԡ
ɱ˵԰ҾҪǴȥˡ˾ݵġ
˶һۣ׷¶Ρ
骵Ǹճ緹Ҳȷš˵ţƻĿ
ξͷˣϰ߱·߳ԶƫƫûǰҲ䣬װƻڴǲŹֻۣ
ʱɴչСǽһãҴȥʶһ
˶٣Сũϰ֪ҪҪҪȥˣ
һãȻȴǵɴ۾
-

168 

˵ģһץס˺ɵ֡
Ҳ˭ˣ¶㵡
Щǧȷǳ˵ģ϶
ο骣Ȼ۾ˣȴ𣿻᲻᲻㣿ǲũԱ
ûϵûϵЦеϰ嶼öûũˣ˶ǹܼģԱЩǸҽȥ϶ֲˡ
һԶԺɵǳĶ
κߣķ
骿һۣҪǴΣⱲӿܶˡ
ޱҲֶ˵¡
骱סֺõһκòãһΣ
ӲҡͷܾҪȥԼȥҲȥ
ɺ骶һۣȻĬһһҽμסôˡ
ǸʲôϽſңκ֪طӦ
ɺ骳š
ҪⱲӵֻ155Ǽϸؿ˰ʮ˼ޱȡ
Сʱ
ɴԴģ骲ЩΣ֪ϲСʱͲڣԼΪ˽ʵͦġ
ǡܾãǰû飬ڳˣǰӣЩʺˡ
ϾδкöҪھ徲ȵʹˣûɸ
㣬ˣʱ˽ֵ
β鲻Ըظ˳ȥ
ũٶĶأΪֲֳԱ٣ԼĪٶˣκ骼棬һҲۡ
ңԱɴûذ
ũǶҲû˵ʲôֻǵ˺һۡȻ¿ˮ̣ٺЦ͹Ժ˰ˡ
Ϊ˷ǲӵгģܹ廹ƽƽõҲǵ
˲ЩǮжƵĵ߻Ǯһ
ˣ˿ͣũſڵһƽƽĵ
ӳһ۾ͿǰѹѹȺʱüͷһ塣
ܼҿǲˣҪ˺ǳߣͼı˱仯
ƺʶˣ
ôţܼ˳߿ȥ˵㹦ŷԼһŮӡ
û취ŮЩվñȽϿֶܷΪǿĳߡ
ϸһܼҷŮһƯȻСȴ̬ȳƴСԲ°ͣپ͸һ棬ë׵ǳɫ̷˶Ǿµޡ
ԼʱƺŮŵƻ
ôԵĿ⣬Ȼˣʶ̧ͷȻͿһŲİݡ
棿
΢΢һȻ㷢˶ԷĿĽ㡣
ͷеƻƤҲ̲סͨ졣
ʲôǱﱻ˿ε£
СߺһæջĿ⣬ȴǲܿƵؿƵʣɻɤ
ԼͻȻνӲܼЩơ
ʲô
Լһƻˣ
뷨һֺܿ챻ܼҷˡԼ˼ʲôԼ㺦ߣҲǶŸƻ
ȵȣؾѣƻĿɲһ
ΪԼˣ´һᣬܼҾԼĲ²ġ
ͬ棬ܼƽչȻæҲʱʱλȫһ˽ġȻ㲻ۣҲǮ͹λСʱ
֮ǰû룬ϸһͰλǵϳˡ
ٻһεϣܼҾšͦʺԼģ
ҪǵúȻСֱ治ֱĺһһʼǱȻ˺Ϊ˴ͲԾֺùڣʧȥԺƷΪ˺ϸƷ
Σûֺùڲ˵ƺûٴֱӣƺǴʹֱȦ
ѵð
Ҫ֪ò뿪ģֱȥҲ󲻵չĺõĻ׼ľ͹˾
ܼҾãԼҪһλƷԸ߽࣬Ľٻӡ
ҪǣԼԶ˰
ò׶һŮӸȤȻܸϺȡ
ܼĦȭƣ׼ԼδŮ¡
ʱͻȻڵҴס졣
ܼʶӦԼӢýˮ¥̨ȵµĵ
ȴ룺࿴ۣϰ˻ԼͲЩֵĸоˡ
-

169 

ũ뿪βžϵȶȽһЩ
ʵ̫ˣӶûôε
㣬ôʲôһ׷һֵʵ
ΰǸϳˣ֪ҲũԱ
ˣʲô˼ôϳ㣿漸ģֻ졣
ˣҲӲȥϾСǱϳ˵˻ᷢǼ׬ȵ㡣
ˣ骾ôʵпǶģֻΪǳˡ
䣬ԭǲױģ󣬵ǿʼЩˡ
⽫͸£ԭǹɵᶼȥ÷סˣԭ˼ԣֻҪһֱſǷֲεġ
δԴСǰ췢˵һ¡
ȴǵһ£۾ôô˵һ£
֮ǰ֪߱ɱʲôҲһۡ
Щӣǻ᲻ǵС˺
Ǹ˺ôˣʵ
߱ɱֻ˵ǵùǸǰƵ˾Ϳɶˣ
ε֮ǰϵң˵ҵˣҲˣҪһΡ
һΣߵҪ㣬Ҫ˶һˡ
ǲû𣿡εɫ
ʱԼһɥԿͷٲ˵ġ
⣬ķ֪Ʋ𣿡
Ʋգһ㶣ȴΪʲôҪƲա
ֱбֳǿԵˣ̫صĵҲƼˡŤˣȻǲƣȴȽϷ
ƫƫֲѪ飬ƲһϾȬȫûҪԼ
Ϊ屻Ĺϵ͵ĳҪʮľҲˣһ೬ߺзչԸƲա
Ϊεˣһʼûڲ׾赭д㽫κˣͲµˡԼĺԼۣȻε뷨ȴʼ취ڲء
˵ֱмأǲҪ⶯Ϊá
иƲգǾͷˡ
ҼǵиͬµļƲյģҰʡ
εͷ
Ȼ֮ǰ£ʶʶ£㲻ǹ֣Ҳʲô񼫵¡
ؿһۣѵƻ
һ㶣漴Ȼ˳ǵȷЩΡ
һסũˣεһ˫аϸ۵ֻ֣һֻƻ۵Ĺӳĵ˫һξѡ
۾һꡣ
ûˣ
ܼʵ
ץץͷƿ˴
һгϰߣũҲûı䡣ϧûѵģҲֻũ˼Ȧ
ܼѾĳʦŮӶ˹͵Ǻһ޶
ʲôճ̰𣿡ܼӶ˽ˣʵ
ʶ˵Ȼ뵽˫֣Ŀ΢΢ȥһߣ㲻øš
ܼ¶ȻʵҪΪ׼㶫𣿡
һ㶣ʶʵ׼ʲô
ܼЩֵؿһ۵ҪȥݷøھҪ׼񡣡
Ѿ֪ξסڸĺֱ˵ǷԼԭأû뵽ȻεĸĸģԵ֡
ˣһ˵ȥ;ԼҪŰݷáԼӣҲΪҺ˽ڡ
էɲҪݷ
ȴҡͷãֻߡŰݷ£̫ͻأˣûôƤ
ż⡣
Ȼһ򲻰ţ֮ǰѵɢôһ⣬ҲԸˡ
ҪɢĻԼҵҲɢ˳㿴ĿǰܿɰСС
ǣһ죬ȴûϹһΡ
ֹˣôţⱻ˿һȥ׻Ǳ˳
ͬΣϷʮһڣȻݷȴǾηϲǾԲҶΧ׷½صġ
ˣߵﶼһȺԶԶ׺ţҲܲ
֮£ֻũ
ʱ򣬹ܼҿسũΧھల¶꣬ǲŪ߾۲ͣҲһ¸飿
ʶҪⲻ׵뷨Ȼߣһ¡ׯҲũھӰ
ˣһ˵
-

170 ˼

ܼ֮飬ûԭġ
ũũȡͽ۵ķʽˣҲѡ͸סùϵʱʱû
ȻũȴԲΪĹ⵰ֻϰġһ˵ȻԲôණⳡϣЩȻʳƷһõ
ͷ༸ũһֱӸͳк͹幩ġ
ֻعͷũʵϲֹ
ߵũӪЩɢԱǹϵܼʵҲ֪ũΪֻҪ̫֣һֻ۱һֻ
ũë٣һСƣԸ͵ˣҪ˵ҲУΪ겻СˣȴǸ˼ģùҹ
˿̣õܼҵķԸЩץϹʲô
ڹܼҲ֪ΪѣŪԳԻɣʦҸ׼á
ë۾ԲˣһɵؿŹܼңǵ˷ѶǮһһڣٸҲóԵüˡ
˵ֻܲ׼һʳɣǾһ˲ֹһڣǧôȥˡ
ܼʵҲۣδŮˣ׻ǵͷԣϸţɱ˾ǺˡøδŮºӡ
ëȻ⣬ǵˡ
ֹˣܼһɽ취˲μԳԴᡣ
֪֮ǰǺɽׯδģһ˵϶취ȥˡ
ʵҲˡ
ϴΣԾԼѾˡˣûȣֱˡ
վŵĺɣ˵ʵЩͷۡ
ͦ˵ģذ˽
󣬺ɾ˵⡣
ԳԻһȣЩԾԾԡ
ɲŴ£ˣ֪滹û뿪ġ
ɵ˵ͷЩֵũǰûԳԻëҲ֪ôġҪ˵ֺϰҲϰͲ簡
ԣû˶룬һ˷ܵҿȥ𣿡ͻȥģȴһȥ
Ȼԣ򸽽סĻһҪ
骿Ρ
Ҳ˹
ǳ˳飬˵ȥ۵׵ڴ׻Эðɣȥ
̫ˣɺ骶˷ܵ
βÿɷ
ʵϣڷһ¡Լôл棿
ԭ뷨ǴſǰĶ˳һЩȥлġ棬ﻹǺгġ
ھͲˣԼũǸϡԼ͵ǵȻʳġ
Ȼġ
εǾԼĻ͵̵ĵʺ񣬵Ʒ˱ļֵһԼŸոճΪЭĻԱ
ҪԼ֮ͣ
ҡҡͷУϵʱ䳤ˣ˼Ҳ֪ʲô뷨ءңȻԼʵģλ治ұ֤Լһܳ
ߺͰͺնųء
ߣƷⶫϲرϲϲȴһҲϣ˭֪һ֣
˵£ǿ骳ģȻЩףˡ
֮ԴӦμԳԻΪӦòμӡȻĵͺˡ
ΪǸվһԳʳǰƺһԵĹܼ˵
Ѿпˡܼʾ
ԣ̧ͷ
ʱıһĮ
ʶƿĿ⣬̫ϲˡǵȻȴǱɽ͵ˡ
ȴѾεĵü۲Ծչһȥ
ҲμԳԻ
û뵽Լû뵽֪֡ʡ⣬ͷǵġ
ȻͲ֪˵ʲôˡ
۽⿴һߵԳʳϣ۾΢΢һƼܽصζ
ˣ̲ס̧ͷ˶Էһۣȷոǻ˵ġ
ʶɫУһŲЦ档
ôǻƼƷˡ
ңμԳԻģ췽ĸóôһ£
һԵȴĻ˵ͶһСܽص
Σû֡
治Щʧ
ʶԼ뷨ʱ˰Щá
֮ûٿڣ뿪ˡ
δ˿ֻվԱߣ˾ѹ
ȴ˼ؿһۡ
-

171 

˶ˣνҲ棬ʼͶ뵽Գȥ
˵׼ʳﻹͦóԵģ಻˵ʦĳҲͱһЩ
뵽꣬εı鲻ܿƵذ˰ȴܿͻָˡ
ûע⵽˲ı仯ȴˡһ˲䣬Ҳ˵ʲôζһȴӹɵġ
⣬Ϊ˭Ȼ
ÿһʳԱ߶ڷԹ֮д³ԺСЩֻǷд֣ȴ潫Լдȥ
æֱ뿪ų͡
һߣϸĵؽдһһŵ˳صԼ俴
ⲢʲôĶ濴ſȴ̲סЦ
ƺһʳŮƺϲԶ࣬һʳһûһһЩСִΪ̲Ӧúȵģ֭Ӧúġ
صң̲סӣԵʳﶼܺóԣЩԳˡ
滹ǴֱʡʱһԵ̾һԳԵЩʳﶼȻʳƷĻ˵ǧ򡣡
ε˵ͷûж롣
氵й۲΢΢üѵԼˣĿʱʱͻῴΡ
ʱ²⣬̽һȴʲôû̽
ԣϣϲΡ
ֱеɷ
骴γͿʼչͨ۵ģҲڰеСģӵĺޣαǿҲ˹ġԴɿʼֱ֮ûٿޣĺܹԺܹԡ
ôôɰĺһһ㳤ŮΪѡ
骶ԣβĺȴʤĺӡ
ţԺ޸أ
һʼһҪǳǳϲΣ˧ǱģԸҪһЩҪϸһЩܴ֦Ҷ
˻ԽԽǮνɷһҪǮɲҲܶžһЩΪǮĻˡ
Ȼһ뷨ο֮ˡ
Ӧü޸һλ壬ΪĻҲܹùݡ
ͿԻǮȨˡ
ԼμӹϷ˭ϷжпᣬһµʱŻĲпᣬϣοԲԡ
ǻ취Ǽϵеʻӡ˵ʵòᡣ
˵Щʵǲôһһ衢Ͻߡ˵ʸüһֱѻ¡
òһǿˣ־䲻ˡ
骿Ҫ˵ʲôȱ㣬Ǿ̫ˣһõˣĵñ۸
粻顣
ͻȻʱġΧڣǸ˯ͷ
Ȼз˿˾Ӱ죬ʺΡ
һǹ壬μ޸ܱɹ壬ȻܹȨ
Ϸʮһڣƺ˶ʮڡҲ˵֮Ϸܻܿ
ĻνòμϷڣһܱΡ
Ȼô࣬ȴһǰᡪϲΡ
Щ뷨ʱǲεġ
ϣˣεγԶӡ
ڶԼؿڣʼǿԼ֮ǰ뷨ǲǶԵġ
ˣľͲֵĸо
Ϊʲôúÿμ֮ǻĨ궯ȴԽˣ
ˣһʱ֮侹Ҹ˶ûС
룬ǼЩɬҵһ̳ؽԼ˽ȥ
¥㿴һ˾ͻ٣޷Ŀƿֿʱ̲סﶼһ鶼⣬Ӧô⣿
̳ܸߣûһ˻ظˡ
1L¥治׻Ǽٲף
2Lͬʣ¥ȷ⣿
3L׷ԼŮô
4LôˣĻǶǴ

»ǲĻظЮһЩ˵Ļ濴̲סüʱͻȻлظ˳
19LȻ֪¥ǲ˿̣һɵӣڶϡжĹذشһ°ɡ¥˵Щ֢״ֻ˵һ£Ǿ㰮ǸŮĿ⻹ݵͦġʲôıˣ׷˵ȵˣЩ֢״ȻҲûˡ
20L¥ϻشô棬Ҷ˼ˡ˵ģ¥ˣϽ׷ְɡ


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172 

µĻظѾû鿴ˡ
͸ˣҪ˵ȫֲǣǻһİӿ
ʵϣĲ֪ԼĶ
ôܣ
Ǳʶ㿪̳Ѱҽҩ̳֪֮ˡ
ǿˣʵ塣
ֻǾûа취ܶѡ
СŮ˾һųУĸףҲǸ׽ס
ϲŮˣرᡣ
֪ԼΪʲôȴһҲûȥ
ΪһźÿǸմĳһеʱҲȱϲŮˡ
һˣͻѸԶ롣
ʱʲôʱ飬Ҳնظ߶ԷԼⱲӲ顣
Ȼ˿̣淢ԼҪԼԼˡ
ײŤŤˣȻԼģʹʽչ׷ж
ʱƤʲôģͶԺˡ
ǣ֮ӭͻȻİݷá
ſڳˣЩŵץŰֵ𣿡
˶٣ЩεǸĿǰ״ȥһ
Եû෴ǱȽεԱʶġ
ҵũڴ̳ĸƼҿߺѼӣҪҪȥŪһ㣿ǰδеʵ
ȻŻ䵭ġ
ξЩԾ뻹ǵͷǾллˡ
ѼϲԸƼЩҲϲԣƫƫⶫѰ治Ū
һˮũȥ
ͷûпѾֹһλͷˡ
߶٣ͻȻ濪ʵ
ߡ
򴽵155֡
Ȼ˵ţ˱Լֻҵؿڡ
ƣȴ˵188֡
ʲôϵҫ
β˵һСʯӡ
طεɽʣµĻ˻ȥҲˣӦǲԼߡ
ȻŮСһſɰ
˾ôĬŵũ˵ģڴ̸ƼѾ
ץѷŵˮУȻлʹˡ
㡣˵ţ
εܾǵȵӦҪڣѾ߳һξˣѻ˻ȥ
ũкܶĲ˰ҶҪԹáո뵽ˡ
ҡͷã̫鷳ˡȫþֻ
뵽ıһ˵ʵȥøƼȫԼ䡣
治֪뷨ܾҲ⣬Ҳôһ˵
Ȼӣ뵽뵽Ҳ˵ôӵĿ׻
Ŀ뿪ιžͱ
Ǳ·ͷûж룬һ·ϸ룬ȴԽԽ鲻Ծ
ʲôô£
ɺ»Ƚ
Ȼ룬ȴ벻ͷ
ϲĿܡŮ˶ⷽ룬Ǻܿͽܷˡ
ʶڣһ棬ÿһΣģˣ
صũȴǲ̫á
֮ǰοôߣΪЩ뷨ȻոŬֱһȻЩţҲڴˡ
ֽžǡκһ˿еģǿߵľ衣
һʱ䣬治Щͷۡ
ͲŮ˶û뷨ɺáǱӦɣǵŮҲû뷨
µףδӴɵƷȥһЭᣬȥһ䡣
ҲӰԺһͦߵĵӰƱӦȥ˵ʳϡ
˵߻ͦģһӰԺȻʳƷ
Ȼһ˿Ӱôһ㱯ңȴ⣬ٿӰ黹ӵġ
Ȼ󣬵ȿһ룬ЩˡھĵӰȻųˣ
ⲿӰʵǰӰһ÷һ𳤴飬ͻȻһӶеŮһ飬ȻôŮǶϴӦ׷󣬼ԼֻǡȻΪ˵õŮھĸ˽ǵֱϷСŮǵǣ͵͵Ǯ˽Ϸ֮ŮôںڰϷȨһһԶ̸鷳ȴǱһδƽ⣬黹ԽԽáȻԲ֣Ů˳ϷлѼ֤ݽ˷ͥ˻ٰʢĻ
ζ֪￪ʼ²ۣƫƫȻкܶ©ʵӰͦÿģŮǵֵߣ򶷻Ҳĵúܾʡ
ӵӰԺ뿪һһС
ΧȺ̧ͷȥͿһԴ¥һĲӸ߿
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173 

ʵ˵ǰǼΪֲġ
Ҫ֪ļͨĲܶȺӲȶΪɲ֮Ҳʲô
ôһ鲣Բ飬ڳȴԻᱻҳ࣡
ŶߵļкͿ޺ι˲϶룬ľһֻ֣òͣ˿С
ھеȺڲûзֱ仯ֻܵҪ뵽ȫΧڡ
ԶҪֵȴסˣ˿ȴܹŲǹɾΡ
ʱȴܣΪǿ鲣ʵ̫ˣعƵиһ֣Գмӳɣڳеһ̶ȵǿҲûܳһĳ̶ȡ
ֻԴ·ѹţʼʹ
ǲòȫҪûߵȫΧȴΪˡ
أֻԽԽԺ亹ͬϸһӶͷð
ܿͷĲԾһѾ˲ƵԶ
ʧȥʶһ̣Լ棬˿Ȼ˹ȥ
Զ޴Ĳڵϣûѣøĵ涼
Ƴһ۲棬˻⡣
ţȴûǰһȥ£ֱӴʧԭء
Ůһ԰ףΪճ˶ͷò˼顣
һ򶨵澹ЩĻţһͽƲڿʾֻ߶֣ɱ˿
ΪסũǱߵĹϵӶ˲࣬ҲûоǵĴ㡣ҴСʱܻ⣬һԵ
ȴڼ䣬뵽֮ǰ¡
Բһε£֪˫ϵߵģȻĵ˵ǿ
Դǲŵġ
˫ϵϵϵĳ߶٣ˣʵ͡
µڲ׾Ҳû뵽Ȼô׾
ĸоûдĻǾһ棬ʵͲ
ѹʱ򣬷ԼһİķУոն˶һԾʹһͳԵ
ˣ
λûӦһſͿˣȻ󻹱һ
֮ǰ飬΢΢
ˣʵЩܵġ
Ϊǹ¶ĹϵЩ¶ˣʶԶ룬ܵرԼܵ˺
ңһˣϲദˡ
ĸֻ֮Զ۶ġ
ЩΣĲ֪Ӧûεķġ
ԣǱϷѵ⡣
оΣʵ
Ȼ漴Ҳ͸һ䵭
Ҫش𣬾͸оһΣɱ˱۾
Щţôˣ
ı¾ǲô룬˵ĻǺ͸űġ
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Ѿµôһ£֪Ǿݽߣ̫СԲſסôصĲһԺбȽϺá
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αҲûϸɻ¥Ӧòɣй˽⣬ڽҪϸǾԲ͵ϵģǶ¥ȥŽɵģҲھͳ⡣
沢ܲµ˵ͷ߱ɱߡ
εɴ۾߱ɱߣ
ⷽʶƺǳ㿪ڽ˵߱ɱ߷ֳ֣һ֮ǰģϰڹ컯жԼΪʥеͽһ߱ɱɹɣ޿֡
һ־ġǶڰж·Ͽκһƽƽˣһлᣬ˾ͻֺˡǵһ߱ɱߵĶпΪǺĿںţôڶ߱ɱߣǴΪ˶ɱˣӶӳϷĿ
һ˵һλɱһԵĻҪһˮ
Ȼ˿̵ȴ̲ס΢΢̾˿ԼǲЩ̫ãųΣζ߱ɱߡ
ʱ濪ʵסһȥ
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ε˵ͷȻЩͷΣǴӴ
ЬЩѣԶʼЬ
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174 ͨ

ȥ·ϣһֱ֮ǰľٶʲô˼ȻԴ̫ˣž˯ˡ
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Ļ˿ЩεǸ鷳ˡʱ䲻ˣҲϽȥϢɡ
ԼǱӲˣ
ЩκͺЦϵ˵ͷת뿪ˡ
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ȻصУʲôûɳϾͿʼü˼
ɵ˵֮ǰΪֻЩǽЬ³Ϊͼˡ
˵沢һĵˣһĵˣҲԴЬ³ɣ
Խǡ׷
˶µġ
ȻˣԷ׷Ϊϲԭ
ӦԭɣôҲϲӡ
Ľۣûкκ˵˼ȻҲûнܶԷ˼
Щ˻ϵβˣģϲǾԲһһġ
³εЭĹгƬͽܣƷӡ
ȥЭƷһڻˣƷη˲˼һǹʻһͻɽѩȻַͬ񣬼չĻ滭ףһʺһʺˡȥȴһ̴ľĺ«Сĺ«ϵŵǷο΢񣬱СȴԷѹֿˮƽ
ۣΪˣʻ37ͻɽѩ40򣬶«ȴǱ170ĸ߼ۡ
ʵҲ⣬ͬڻ滭żյˮƽۿɼġòãʱͨ˶ֵܹó
«ЩʦܹҲ޼ˣˣ«Ǳ˸߼ۡ
ʵϣˣ۸Ҫһ
αΪԼƷҪһʱܹȥҪصҳʾ
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ΪƷĴߣܹӺ̨ϸģȻϤޱȵĵַüͷ
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᲻ǮֻƷְҵĵ·ʯԼɲܻļƻԴ˹ʵˮ֡
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֮ķչֵǶǵģЭĹȻȻȤĵ׻Сڡ
ڹһʱģ˾Ȼ֮ˣ¹ʻͬΪЭһλңͻɽѩȦһλͦղؼҡ
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ֹŷƷв⹺ЩеԱʾźҲеĬĬӸղˣ´θ硣
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ȻûãΪܹ޴ڵϵͳصķˣȻǾͨͷġ
οƬϿмС˧ˣü
ֻкӺ꣬Ϊеǲ˥ϵģòǾԲܹΪжݵġ
汾Ϊ˹ĵļˣ̸֪ı⣬Զ̴
ȻεľҲˣƺӦþսϤǸͨ鱨ָڱ棬˭֪᲻Ǹߡ
СˣôҲȲս׿Խǿߣͨߣ治µġ
ҲˣһİŮҹÿŵһ˲䣬εľͻһѼ⵶˶Էͷ
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ģպúͨһģһ
þֱ֣ʱʱ̹̿עߣһʼǸİŮ˳ֵʱֻĬĬ߾衪Ը˵ײϤҲǲʶˡ
ȵͻȻʹԷҽУһ˲ߡ
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175 

һʱ佫ԼĿؿſ۵ֱˡ
˵֮ǰͨôڿǸİŮ˱˵ʱϳ˶Է
润ǿŮɷɱ˷
ľĳΡ
ܽԼˣҲγһȫڵˣŮǴ˻Ǻӣ
ֻҪõһ˵ѪҺܽԼĻģ⵽ͶԷһģһκμ޷
ͣ˵جΡΪֻ߲ܺǿŮɶԷὫԷɱӶԷԴ˶ܾѲ
ΪҵĿһЩеϵ򵥵ŮˣԼᱻ˽Ҵ
Ҳǳģ˱бμϷ㲻ıĿꡣ
˷ʤڼһͣû
ȻǶΡ
뵽۳ŭ
ڵȵͤľŴ˹ʱ򣬾ܵһľѹ
ˣֵ˵ȻϳˣΪ׵Ĵӳð亹֪ڣʧְˡΪǲǵĹЧʡ
ʾʱΪβ˵ͨ
˵⻰ʱĽž͵ϣˣһһĻոͷʹЩ۵ð
ӳһ㶣ʶǲڿֻš
Ծ֪޾Σգû˵꣬ͱ˻ȥ
Щȵؿ棬ܸоķǳ
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Ȼ֮ǰԼסԷһƬ⣬Ҳܲ顣
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٣ܽӽΡǶô׷
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ˣ򴽵Ǿɡ
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ݺһĲãסļԼ䣬ⶰӵĲô͸ܰ
̨ϰڷòƿŵˮֲ輸ϵϸƿвʵĻ䣬һСеĲߡӹϵǵ̺ܿǾѡġ
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ԴҲȷʵ棬ϾһʼûƶǸŮ⡣
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񣿡治⡣
бɳϵһа
ΪĹ¶ǺóԹɫġ١ЩҲĶô֫Ӵռ˵˲
ԣɫһ
뵽ԼȻһǿŮɺνӴǻá
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˶Ƕ໰ˣ֮ǰô֮󣬾ûл˵ˡ
룬Ʋᣬ˵Ը治ʺһ˹ӣܱܲ˭˭ٵİɣ
ʵкܶ໰˵̸̸Եϲã̸һ̸ԵĹȥ໥˽⡪ֻҪԸ⣬ʲôԸ
ǣ˵̫࣬һʱЩ֪ôڡ
һԶٷɡôһ仰
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176 Լ

˵̫ͻأˡ
룬ȴĿһȻԣ͡
һֱлһԷȻԱлҲʤްɡ
ʶҪԣı飬ĬĬµĻ˵ͷá
ԼǲǵԷǮξôһǮǺΪʡһʡġ
ǺȻҪǼԼͣιƾͲһȥԷˡ
˵ڶ죬ͤ˵֪ͨץɷ׷˿
ȵ֪ǸͨȻ֮ȴǺҲѡ
ΪͣҲ֪ǸĿ£ûк£ֻԼץסһ˸Ůѡ
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֮ô࣬ҲΪΪͨͽĲ١
ŵΡ
ȥԷʵ
εȥȻ
ִ͵ĵβ̫ߣȴˡΪʳĵϡУܹҪСʵλҲǳߡ
ѡеߣҲ󣬿ڱõ֮һ
ϲˣԿͶ۷ǳζ඼Ϊڡ
üͷһ壬ģͻܿ
⼫ˡô˵أ⻰ǽӵǌ˿ˡ
Ϊһǧˡ
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ѧǻθԲ׬ǮͷҪǳ˼һϸ֤ʵʳΣжҲ⡣
ȻȻȻʳƷһ͵ļλ109򣬶ͨ˶Ծˡ
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ʳǺܴģһˣÿѵʱ䶼̣ʳҲܸߡ
Ȼ֣˵ķĲСֳ֮һݳһţţһеһը⡣
СһеӲףɰˡ
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һΡ
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治΢΢ЦˣֽԴԼļϡ
Ϊ߲࣬Ϊ˯ò֪ܡ
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177 

۾ͶĿ⡣
ǰδеģпĲǵĮǡ¹⣬ȻůҲΪ͡
ȻԼȻУææҵ
Ǹһε
浭á
˶٣ͻȻʵδɷҪ󣿡
⻰ʵͻأԷɫشġ
ЩȻ
뵽һӺĭһЦ
ֱصסĿⶼǽŵġ
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Ȼ׿ЩҲҪôķģ
˺ǵΣξһ컹ǹúġ
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ȻΪˣ֪Ͳôһ¡
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178 ѩ

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骺ɵؿôãЩͬˣ
κЦҪ˵ͬĻǷһȽȤ¶
˵ʵ浽ô뷨
ε˵뷨ֻǾñ׷ͦ˼ġ
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179 ػ

Զʼѩɽжȥκطģ
ҡͷԼµġ
ζʱһȻ֪ʸ˽˾ģǡⶫ󰡣˵ǧͷ
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Ϊ̫ˣѩǴƬƬġԶô̹ǵʵѩڸϲȥģ⻬ѩ
ȻǼٵģⷽļǳţƣȱ֪Ǹֲ˵ġ
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濴ʳģһԵˮ㣬ץһʰ
ʦӶˡ
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еġҲϴ裬ɽһȪҪȥ𣿡
ЩĶ뻹ҡͷȥɣֻϽϴȥ˯
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֪沢ǻˡͤʱ򣬿ûٿһܲ
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180 

緹滹ûε״סһѩϻĿܳȥˡ
ȻβǴȥѩЩ֪֮ġѵһƬѩأһֱǴסġ
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İŮһѩǻ棬񻭱һˡ
ȴЩû˼ѩ£ȻҪŲź档
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ΪҪλѩٲҪ֫Ӵ֮ľǷǳ
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ҸպãⲿӰľ̺ѽһԽû˻ȥȴҡǶԽûʵ󻯳ɵĹֻռ㹻ߵĿ־壬ǲط䱨ѩޡȻ̵һһȥ״һһңһһ죬ƺκһˡ
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181 û

ʶֽסϼȡů
Ҷأڹ¶ԺҲһ使Ļ䣬İĽϲ
ȻкϲܶʱǴ˺ġ
ЩաơҪǲӦҵŮҾͰҵ˺ˡҪҵŮˣҾʹ׬Ǯϴѧ·ѵ˼Ҷȴܽ
һΣһȴͻһӢ۾Դ˻ġ
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ǸûüӢ۾ͱʦ֣šŶͻᡣ
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֪Ǽٵģú»Ǻ£ô޷ı䡣
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ҲһǰУһת仰ɽǱѩҪҪĻȥҡ
ѩ
ӻǻģԵҪѩʲô
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182 

Ծɾɲûв´ӦϷߡ
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νߣ˼ЩѡȴԸμϷӶˡ
Щûгʵߣֻʣһˡ
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κ֮ǰ˵»᲻ǣ
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183 ׽

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濴ߣõúˣѰӶ˸ҳϡңŮԡ
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𣿡ѭѭյ㲻ǲϲ𣿸պѵһ£Ը¡
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Խñֵò⣬ǻ˰ɡ
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εͷİɣҿɻûءȷý棬ԲٿؾսΪһǵñһ´ȡ
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185 ĳ

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˵һϷ˵һ޳
ģ׳Ƕ𣿡
Ҳ̫Σˡ
Ҫ߶һ𣿡

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οȱݵᣬάֵѾһ漣ˡ
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˵ʵһֱһҰĵˣǴʱ˿̣ȴİ
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˼죬ϷıعˣһƬδĴ֡
δǺΣյġԬ絣ǵġ
βģΪԵԵʣֲĵطˮ
棬ȴѾ鵽Ƭֵ֪ϡ
Ȼûп豸ƬĵϻԱҰţҰΣնǻɼǱߵԼרоĻʺϳ϶棬һҪص⡭˵ܼҶ˶ٵݿɿϢƬһ»ľݵ㡣
󣬱˵ΣԬºԬ綼ˡ
Ŀ⿴Ԭæֵǲֻ֪ΧԱȻҲ˴أ»ĻǾ䶯ģ֪ЩͰǨˡƬ֣Ǵû˵
ԬɵҪ취ȥ̽һϢ
ԣҲͷԵˣɱԼȥ
֪»Ȼ඼һЩûгͨˣвû⡣οͨˣԼҲǾˣҪǱ鱨ǲ⡣
Ԭ籾ҲţҲûм֡
⼸죬յͨѶ磬ҪֵĲѡ֣һⶼѡӡ
һҲǺ˽ˣκ
ûбҪҡͷȷʵ߱ɱߣʵûȥһһϣҵʱֻҪ취ɱܲӵ˾ˡ
ξ˵Ҳǵȴһ⣺˵Ծܶ𣿡
֮ǰƽ;ܵĶԹҲܣȻ֪ˡ
ݹϷִţѿʲô˼
ǧѷĻᣬö˶ΪԾܶ֡
ǵҲΪġ
ȻϷʽʼһʱʱ򣬾ͻȻũ
ʱһ㡪ũߵģȻ󣬵ǵȴǹˡ
Աľܣɫ̱ˡ
δžܣòǳڵģǺܵ͵Ĺ꣬ݽȴһԣü仹ż
β̫ףݺ͵λʲôܹġ
ȴĿֱֱؿΣƬ̺󣬾Щ졣
ԭֻǺڵɫһӽ˱˪ʲô
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ü㲻ŵ𣿡
һ㶣㿪ǼϵͳƬְ̺һᣡ
ıһ˲ȥԼмģǺõļ䡣ܾȻŷеԷܺòŹˡ
ƺҲʶԼ˵Ļ̫ʣܱһת仰ҹǴġ
üżֳ·˵ܹ֮
һǴˣӦѾˣڴʲô⡣
Ȼأһġ
üѵҪóѣǲԴУܲѾ˽ѵ𣿡
һϷָ˵ӦǿԴвﵽĳЩĿĵİɣ治ʡ
ֲɵҧʱвǣָ׼ϷʼҾͻ⣡
Щؿһۣȴʲôû˵
ȻһҲͳ˺
״ܺ˺˵Լĳ룺ܲǷǳǿģгܲӵ˶ǵĵˡ֪еֶڳܲȷʵ٣ǣҲûδȴò沨ˣȫԽǲ߷
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186 

׾ܵ˼ˣȻƿЩԲ߷˵
ǡ
һЦ˵Щ˻δȻѵϰյѪǿģ
˵ܲѪûԵɵġ
˰յòͣ˵ģ볬ʮڣֻһԼģʣµĶҪ˰
ЩǮһܲӵġ
ⲢšҪ֪ܲӵȻ츳ãҪǿԴǳֲô˵ɣһܲӵĳԱһҪĵԴڰңܲмǧˡ

ƫƫִľӱܲӴʱ䶼ڱ׳Ҫ
˵ܲǺڵѪǿҲǴ
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ʹԭ浭ܹĵԴ³򡭡ҲΪЩʸÿȡѪõʵȥ˵ĵλȨ
ĬȻˣҪ˵û˼ˡҪһ֮Կܲ𣿡
кβɣ̧̧°͡
⸱ģܵıǿ˷һ
㡭ڵġΪܳΪȴû뵽ԸΥ
뿪泰һЦεýԴý㲻ϻˣҲԲǺˡ˻Ƿǳ˽ġ
¶ɻԶ˵һЩһΪ٣ΪΪ޴ĹףȨҲӦǲ;ȨģΪӦǹͳǱųȨġЩҪ;ٶΪȨߣһҪָȨӡ֮ңҶ֣ҲΪǹ壬ͬˡ
쿪ɡ̾ѹβ֡
Ƿ³ޣǶ˶ԣԶ־ԸδɣһµµΪĴ
浭һЦιȻġ
һһҵʱϷʱڻǵˡ
κһǰڵģѾߡ
ͬǵƽЩϻǷŭǲʻزסĺ¡
裬Һ£Ҳȥ!
Ϲһ᲻
ţҪˣʹҸõġ
ְ֣ڼ

һ߿𣬻ٸɤǺͯ۵䡭ͷһ˼䱯硣
ȴʱ
ʱ䵽λ볡ءмǣ֮һڣһ뿪أΧ߿յսͻ޲ɨ䣬λҪΥϷ򡣡
ɫöҲǳͣ˶Уȴ·ħĵૣ˲
ǽȥɡ˵ţǣε֡
ûоܾ
Ϊطǳ󣬲Ҳʮѡ˾ͽڣȴǲûϳܲӡ
ܲӵѵһԽǣӦߵڽ
οܿǾ뿪ĳߣСʵʲô
Ҹŵĵط
αҪ˵̫סʱұȽϺãһܹ˲ƣѵĻ˻ȥ
֮˵ҵ˼ĵطɽȻһȱ㡪Ρ
þһ̺ʽѲ飬˲ҵһ«εɽɽ״ǳھ«ǳСȴǳ󡣰ճǵǽȥģ˲ƣͲˡ
ȵ˻ѣɽеĳϺʪ˳ȥ
Ȼδӱȡãֽ˯һ߷źá
˰ɣ˵˵Ĵɡڷϣڵ
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˵仰ʱᣬеͼᶨȴչ¶š
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Сóȴ׾ڷ
а취أζظа취أ
ǲǲ֪ԼֱУʱ򣬼㱻֪ҲѾûйϵˡ
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Ϊں棬볡ʱҪһЩȻڼ̤صʱȫֱľͷǰͻȻ֡
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һ׳쾲ɣʵһߣȻʵǿ˵Ҳá
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187 

綼·𰲾˶һžܡ
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ֱǴ󵨣һλάĹԱ۾
Цҵͳһģһƽո91ңҲȫҲֿ֧Ŷо˰е֮˲֮ܵϵλȴΪƶȵ̫˾֮λΪһսϳ۳ң˲İ߲꣬ջ̻̲յʱͦϧ߲Ϊ֧ڴȴ
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棬ҲӲΪ治û쾲ƾʲô
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ܵĿɨˣ°ͣŽĲ߽˱ء
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գ۵Ĺʮ˾ѪΪӵô
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ԣ汳
汳
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Ǵʱ˿̣Щ˶˲Щˣѣֻĵķŭͳޡ
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ͬսʱĻΣսʽΪ򵥣ʮٶÿһƼ򵥣ȴ֮ơ˲ƵĪ⣬ûĹ±򶨡
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һһ˹еİ׹⸲˿ڡ
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188 Ĺ

Ѿ𣿡ȴʱԱߴһ
̧ͷϳΣ˵ͷְҽϵ߹Ѿˣϧûһܾ
ȻֻʧȥһϷһûʬˣǲҽôµġ
һʬ壬֪ǽļѡ
У֮ǰҲҪ취ȥҿ
ôţͼһֻϸַŵĸһ̵̣Ĺâȥﻹʲô˿ڣ
潫һĻԭ֪׾Ҳ¶𾪡
Ҫ֪ͳʱǷǳߵġΪ˶ܹе죬ͳǻǳ˼˵±룬žֻʮ֮һˡ
棬ܹ˵ĳ߶Ѿǳ˲ˡ
ˣ඼˳ܲӡ
ؽһʿκãȴδŵ顣
Ǿ㵣ֱҲ㵡
ģҲΡ
κ
κûء
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˵Щ֪ˣ骿ֱҲ⾪㵣û뵽Ǻӡ
ԬºԬ羪㵹ȴǴؿˣǶԣȻԽǿԽá
ΪζǻЩԺǸ˻Ụסǣȴһ̤ʵˡ
ǿͳߣȴǱκγߵļֵ
ǱҲֱҪɫãôõӾȻƤˡ
ǻ˭ˣҸһ°ɡοڵ
ԣڻع
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˵ɣ˵Цӣ۽Լɷ˳һ˼鷳һϵˡ
ˣȻֵ
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־ͺá΢΢Ц˲ʱ˰ɣˣʧѪ࣬κˣҲˡٵȵȰɣ֮ǰӦѡ
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ȵһ̺꣬ҲûлҲöˣ㿪ʼ
˵βƴƷҲûд̫׸ĶóļǼĳʦӺõģҲ䣬ܷ졣
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ۺۿ˽ʩȣ˵ʬ嶼Ҳˡ
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ʾ֭ѵŵ㣬ϣοϡ
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Ȼûпڣȴ۰Ͱ͵ؿ˹
ο棬Ŀдѯʡ
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㵽ôģôǿô׸
׸εϷ֮Ҫǲ𣿡
ҲҪС沢ûзϣֻǵҶԣǰ˶úõġ
ĿⶨεԼкܶ;һҲûйϵҸ㣬ԵĻһζҪ
֮ǰڻѩΪκ棬ԣ139
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ǣÿһΣǿȱᱻһֱ֣ⲢǺ¡뷨ûжԱ˵ȴı
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Уŭ֮Ц
ǾϢûмҲ͸ˡĹıʡ˵ˣЩûõˡ
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189 

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Դˣȴһ֪
ĻȻûʵݣȴûв¡
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ԼһʼûǿȵģԾһ֪ܴﵽǿȣΪһһδԽ
˵һһδԽΨһջԽԽǿ
ȻӦ˸ţҲãҲãû쿴ǡ
ΣվͷźɫҪǻͷɫζ˽
Դģ٣Ŀǰǹõġ
κ棬ȴǴ֮ǰһȥҳսʿ
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룬ʩȴһŹֵûУһûС
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͵ãһɴӳսʿӳĲɵİ˶顣
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190 

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Լôһ˵ȴ˼
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ڴͬʱڴе˶ˣǳ۵ɫ
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Щ
һȺ˰Ҳ˰˵ǡĻû˵꣬ͱˡ
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üϴϷʹõľϵǿûƽ⡣
һ˵굹Ҳɫˡ
˵ô죿
˵߸Ǹׯεˡ
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191 ܾ

ôһȵ˵Ƕ࣬ɱĳսʿҲЩࡣ
˼죬ԽԽ˻۵˺«ɽδִһ£˵Ҳʮˡ
ˣ˱㲻֮ǰԶȥҳսʿʼܱת
ΪԽԽĲ߾ۼսʿõΪżʣٲҪ־Ԯһ
εں«ɽһȥˣһжҲ㡣
ȴͬ⣬˵ģǺ«ɽǶʩȼʵв߱ɱߵġ㲻߱ɱߣҲЩˡ
ֲҲֻÿȲҼһ̲֡
Զ·ûϳսʿطʱѾ֮߰ˡ
ʱ˿̣ߵĻֻʣλʣλѾʬ塣Ϊûܽʬϡ
಻þˡЩǴӳͽܼģľǸһ𳤴ġ䲻һ룬Ȼˡ
֮֮࣬ľǻķŭͳˡ
ҲĬĬŵģΪڣ١
ܶ˶ϳˡ
ʱ˿̣ЩҪô̻̲Ҫôʧȥѣûȥ׷ǡ
˰ûҵˣһ֪ǳȥԮսʿĲˡ
Щ˿Уܻ֪һЩ鱨
ׯε⡣
ׯǷǳǿͳߡ
ׯͬͬסٲȻС
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Լֱżҷ壬ԼʱĽӡ
ׯԼʱˡ
ʵǲ˵˵ġȻŮʵ̫ˣŮԣʸΪ´ɰú
ˣǶԵţǶڵׯΣû׷
䣬ׯοɻûм޸档
ϼܵģȻ뷨ǰȴûбֳ˵һҪ¡
쾲ҲμϷ˵⻰ʱЩ⡣
һ㶣ȻܿеĹؽڣ㶯ָ
õǿ϶
ܵĵһɢ˴룬һ쾲һʼҲֻƽգ˵߲ûȨҲŪġ֮ǰǲμӹϷģݼ¼ΡûŪĻӦֻһˡ
˶٣ȻʵҪֻҪԲ
ʼɫЩ㷵ô˵
ɨһۣ˵ʲô
˿ڿˮѵ쾲֣
ޱ飬Щеܲӵ˴붼ϡ쾲ҶʶʵֲУǲܴʱֻҪƵǵĺ󷽣һٽɱ
ģǵפأ˲ƣ¾ܳɹ
һЦ㵹ǸҰˡ
һҭѵͬ⣿ΪȫûзԵɡ
Ҳͬ⡣ȴһһ˵ˡ
Ϊʲôһ󾪣бõĻֻҪɱ쾲
ɱ쾲ûáˣϷҲڡ
˵ô죿յܲǴŹɣ
ĻȻе˵ף쾲Ǹʩˡ
ɱһʱ䡣
ʱ䣬ʲôˡ
治ֻҪսʿɱ⣬쾲ͲΪǡ㲻ҪˣεϷһ¡ʱ䣬ϷͲ㹻ʱ䡣
ܴסѵ㱣סЩߣ
ЩߣսĻ𵽵÷ǳޡЩ߱ɱߣҲá
ҪǣܲǱǿľϵߣʱǲٿܻͨ͵Ϯ棬пܻ﷭
һ㣬ʵҲ̸ȴ˵Լܹ⡣
ϱˣԭ֮άֻ尲ȫȴܶԾзԴˣʢ٩˵ֱǱ
ˣֻҪɣǾûܹٿߵκһˡ
Ȼ֪εĴ㣬ȴһΡ
ֻҪ˵ģš
˽£Ҳ²εľϵйؾġ
ˣھܵİٰȰ˵ȴǼּûдӦƵкȥɱ쾲
á֪ʵȲ棬㶯֣
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192 ʦ

ǸŮ𣿡ȿָڱϺʵ
ǰֱ
ȿüҲ˵˵ҲǾϵߣȷܽٿأ
䣬Ů˻Ǹ˫ϵߡ
˲ȴϵ߻һȶϵǶϵߣʵ
û´ǸεŮֱʮа˾ڲ׾
Ҳ֪һ㣬һоŸٿߣþŸͬʱ֣ҾͲŲ
ôһ˵ȿҲˡ
ھ͸ɣ
һȡҡҡͷȴ󲿷ֲ߶ˡ
Ȼв߶е˵һЩ״ĳЩɶǵĲߣǾԲֵġ
ȷͷһߵһɵ
ԸͷҲûйϵ㵭Ǳٿׯκ򣬱ƵֽׯɱͲһܴǷˣպܹûȡǾǾ͸ˡ
ͷòɱߣжٲѣҲǵͬ
ܱƵǸ˶Ǹ
¶һ˷ܵЦݡ
죬ȴĪؾЩ
Լĸо棬ûв£Ȼôңûں«ɽҵΣյԴ
ǿĳսʿЩǵ˵ԼĲ²⡣
üѵսʿлоǿˣ֪ھǿԼǰͬ衣
ôġ˵ܲǲʵǿ˵ġǣȴƿŽλߵľһļܡˣʱ䣬㹻ĳһܹҵĸ֪ġ
û뵽Ȼ¡
΢΢üĻ
һɻȴͻȻ֣ǵص˷ӿ£˫ְڵ桪

һ̣޴Զľεض̼Ѹӣ㸲Ƭ֡
һ̣Ǽˡ
ģʲô
ҲǳҲ̫
񼣣
ԭŮŮ񡣡
ʥӡ

˵ǣԼһڲ߶ˡ
ǡ治۾
̧ظ֦ɣ
䣬ϷɳڳÿһλߣЩ߱ɱߵ˶һ
̲סȥϵĹȻ㷢ûʵʵġ
Ůʲôһʵ
β̫ϲжˣҲϲС㣬Ҳ֪˭һŮ֮ұ㶼ôˡ
ҽǳЦֻҪܵκ˶̼Ȭңǵľõκ˶ûа취ǽоٿغ͸š
ֳʱһƬ
Ȼ棬ȫȴࡣ
һߣͬĻڶе꼸
˵ģȿ㡣
Ƭ̺ܲţҲȫš٣ҾͲһ֮סŸߵĲٿء
Լƻ䣿ȿʵ
ͷ
Ҳû
Ȼһ죬ԹСͻȻоһɼ产˵ľԼԲӿ
ûӦٿתͷһɱǰ߸ǿľҪӿ
æץס֣ҡҡͷ
ڶΣջ˾
Ȼͷ֮ǰǹɾͬţ뺣һʧˣ
ѯʣͻȻ̧ͷϷȥһ̣ͻȻһɫУһ̣ԭԽ㽫ٸսʿ˽ȥȻ˲Ϣպϡ
ȿΪǱӵһһѾһƬյء
Ҳˡ
ոǡ
㾪δȿȴץֵ˵ˡ
һ㶣̧ͷ˳Ŀ⿴ȥεĿ⡣
ǡˣ
ǵġȿɫѿ
ҲոշӦӵĶѻۼԡ͸ոôһ£ȴһȥ˴롣
ô죿ȿû뵽ǻʦûܲٿׯΣԼعǰ
ҧոǸֲ̫ˣ˸ϽɢȻ󡭡ɱͨߣ
Ļ䣬ǧλսʿɢЩŵĲ߳ȥ
ЩƻĳսʿһȺ߻ŵĻţеļУѾʼˡ
-

193 

Щ߲ǲʵǾֻһҪô˸Ͳʵ
˵ʱʱ죬һ߱׷ϣսʿ¶һ̵Цݣһ̣һɫĵǰȥ
Ѿ󵽶Է൹µģսʿͣת㶢׼һߡ
һɱ˺üߣսʿͻȻо
ʶתͷȥ漴ʹסˡ
ͼǼԼΪѾ˵ĲߣȻһû
ɻȻ󣬼ԶһĻͽ⿪ɻ
һߴ͸һȭͷСĿ׶ˡƱǱɵģȻȴ˵ĸðһ̹⣬̹ɢȥ󣬳ѪκƵĺۼˡ
ͬһʱ䣬ƵһĻط
˵ЩսʿЩ߱ԼֱĹڣᶼˡ
ģⲻģ
̫˼ˣ
һΪǻӣû뵽ô죡
˵ʲôţŮŮ񣡡
ͲӦӵеİɣ

ʵϣεܵģһЩĳߡռֱ࣬ӽ˴ͷ˺޷޸ġһЩֱӽԲٵģֻҪٶȹ죬ҲǿƵġ
ˣڲ߶ԣĴڶҲγĪĹ衣
ԭȻҲǳߣΪ֪֮ǴûֻһҪġ
ȻıϣһЩӴĲʼԳսʿз
˵˳ɹɱ˳սʿһЩϵϵĳսʿ﷭ֱҪ̫ࡣ
ȴǶסȿһ˲Ƴǰ
˲֪ȴϳǳܲӵͷ֮һŻۺʵǿǸ
Լǰȿð亹ȴҲӦս
ɫı׶ͬһѰѼ⵶۴αȵȥ
һߣȴҲԼĶ֡
Ǳˣǳ㡣
ȻûԳܲӵ˽⣬ȴû©Ů˸Ǹһֱһ
׼û
ͬȿļɵԼ֣ϲּġ
ȻʵѾ֤һǿĳߣȴ͵ĳߡ˵βͬ棬ûʲôʵսġ
ܽסвãǲܣֱɱûǰµǵж˳
βŽӽ㣬ξͬӰһɢȻһ̣ͳ
ԤϣεʵսӦǳɫһʱ䷢˵û룬һŤٴϡ
üЩŪŮ˵·Էǻϵߣ˵ս
ǲҶģ֪µ˲࣬ˣƮƮҶʱû⣬ȻҲû˾衣
ȷ˳ӦٶǿĳߣεĿⰵһû̳֣ǹ©һճ
һ̣εĲ֣ǧҶͻȻͣ˿У⵶˷ܲ͸ش㡣
ͬʱһڵһ㿪˳֡
ͼЩҶͬһ㣬ԳΪĿתɴ̡
Ĳҽ𣬵ȵҶƮɢ¶εĳѾȫûһƬ⣬Ѫ죬ͬɸһ˶͸ˡ
ôϢص£Ҽˡ
һȭҿǰıɽǿһ罫֮ȿ޿ɱܣһȭ³һѪôˡ
ϵߣȻɱ˿
Ҳ̫ðˣ֪֪Ů˿ܹͽֽ˵ԴšģոҪǶһ㡭ˣҲ̲סΪ¿ֵ
ѵһܻͻȻЦˣȻǰס
ͬһͻȻʧһſҲ˴ѡ
໰ҪʣȻڳأòʻȥݺݵؽŭ𶼷йЩսʿϡ
ȿͳһսʿͱһɢɳһûԭƣѾ⡣
ȵһ³Ȼһʰһ׼
ϰٸսʿҪӣ涼ûǵóѣֱһ؟ɫ̼佫ɡ
һڲƺûӦԼӮˣ˺üӣǲѹҵĻ
ʱ˿ֱ̣Ĺڶ̲סӯ
˵ĶһԤУҪˣǻӭɵ
ͬһʱ䣬£֮ǰǸɤŵĲַ桪
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194 ף

Ϸ»ڣ»ڵֽС쾲
Ǵ治ˣǿֱˣһС˱ףȴ̲סЦˡ
ЦЦţ̲ס
ƿصĿƽһ̧֣ס˵ĺ
ԶԶվһ˵ŻΣϵı˵ĸӡ
ҲӲԼﲻˡ
ȻˣľǰδеġԱ
֮Ӿ֪ܿ쾲صĵصֱɱ˹ȥ
ûж쾲ǽرʮսʿˡ
ΪӦͨ쾲һѹ
ǵһ쾲ţԼٳҲ
Щ߱ЩûӶ쾲֣ǵ֪潫쾲ıڶɱˣʱˡ
Ǿܶûס뵽ϷС
ֱĹȤǿ쾲춫أľϷŪĿС
һΪ־ɱءξȵ
ᡣȴǶ϶쾲ˣһǾԲġ
˵ʵһַǳõƷ£Ȼ쾲ϣȴǡ̰
ӵеĶԽ࣬Խ᲻
˲ûвⳡϷʱں«ɽġ
ͻȻץֵ֮ǰԺܽš
ʲôιװ֪
üͷ壬ͻȻңǲǣǲǡŵ˿ڿˮǳСǲǶҲ
ҲʲôϵЦԽˡ
ȴһ˽ţϥ¹ֵׯΣϲ㡣ӦҰ㡣һҶֻһˡԸһԼ𣿡
ֱǲЩ֣ˣ
һȴûиı⣬ǣ֣ͷһ£ЦԸ⡣
ῴֱȻ붼ڹעϷҲһЩߵĶ
һĻھϲеͬʱ̲סһԼĹ۵㡣
ҵĴôıױȽ飿
ͬо
ûнָĻӦҪָİɣ
ָԲϰؼʽ
˵Ϸб׵ģӦǹͷһɣ
һǾ顣
ˣҾʱ̫ˣԲŰѱŪ顣

һʱ䣬ϳһš
Ȼܿ죬ǾͲóˡ
ȻȥǾͽ顣濪ڵ
ˣ̧ͷ˵ʲô
һ޹鰡
ʲôʱӦ޸ˣε۾
ίո㲻ǴӦҵ𣿡
üѵǱףֻǴӦ㽻
ȴһȻ׷㱾ǱŽȥġ
ͷۣȵȣᣬûô顭
治˵ôޱؿĿرġͰ͡
飬Ļ˵ˡ
ȻϣԽԽԡ
Լǲ·ˣ
ȻĻ鲻ӦʡԸ޸
׵ĻӦǡԸҵŮ𡱻ߡԸҽ𡱣ٲҲǡԸһ𡱡
ô붼òԡ
£һû˯ãѵҲر硣
תͷ˯е棬ɶ򵨱šס
·ң·ң
ͻȻֽ˯˹ȥԴ˲գɳԸеԣұ㡣

ε۾ŽߵˣĲ˼һ߸·ߵˣôôɰ
ʱѾǵԼˣ˯ԼĻһЦ⡣
ε֪뷨ˡ
˿ʱûסҪ˵һ仰
ʲô治⡣
Щص˵ԣұ㡯
ʲôΪԼˣҪ˵ʲô
͸ոǾ䡣β˼ظ
ģü
βˣ˵˵
üͷβΪѵؿڵԣұ㡣
ͳˣһҲûϵĸԡ֮һҲɰ
òС
Īˣֲ֪Ӻκ
˿ֱ̣Ĺڷ׷Ц
ÿɰŮҲضá
˵ϵȷʵɰ˵ŮˣҶڽ췽ϵͳһطſһٱ顣
Щһ㶼š
ⲻڻܾ𡣡
԰Ҳͷһ˰
ǰҾŮϱȫŻõϲҾáϱӶȫ档
-

195 

ϷԼڽĿⶼ쾲ϵʱȴǷһ˶û뵽¡
ƽ˾һ죬ڻǹϢȴ־һͬعעǼֱ
ˣ޴ĺĴʱ˶ûܵһʱ䷴Ӧ
ôˣ
ʲôˣ
ʵҷ˱ըй˰ȫ¹ʣ
ôǵ𣿸ոյ˰ɣӺҲˡ

һʱ֪ģסĽľ񣬾Ǽˡ
һڹԱĿɿڴؿżǸļΪͻأľ޴档
ô죿
¥ҲΪϷ׳Ƕ
ˡ
Ͻȥ㱨
Ǽְ쵼㱨ˡ
֪˵쵼ǼľֻһŲţƽʱϰǿֽȺȲ裬ļʱ١
Ҫǡ缸ͬ£һϵˡ
ǵסַ¡
Ҳ˵ǼѾֻʣһλ쵼ˡ
ȵλʱ򣬾ͷˡ
ǻصͤ;УͿֹһ¹ʡҪǣȻûо쵽
ܼҵĻ㱨
Ҳ˵ڹŶѾʧȥ˹ãü
ܼҵͷطϵԲٿԹ˲Ͼ˶ʧˡ
ͷ̧ͷζһۣ۵׶͸Ц⡣
ǱĻҪõľ档
ǱΪǱ⣬Ȼص֮ȴǴԬºԬ֪ࡣ
˵»ģһ𾪡
ԬµͷȻֻΧԱ˵»һǳǿĳߣĳǳ⣬ֽܣʱҲ֣ὫԲһдڶʴˣԼˡһֱ޷ʹó̫ǱвμϷһһαɱֻʣһ֮³ΪߣΪ»ĳԱ
򴽵ҿķͼƬͲµӦ
¶⣬û뵽Ȼֳߡ
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Ϣ䣬ͻָԭƽͰݡ
ȻطϵĻȴһʱ޷ƽϢġ
һ
С治ںǿЦ
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ģٵͬҲšڶһӣҪǼȥҶҪó
ۻĶڵطϣǸʡеĵȨߡ
ʱգ˵Ѿˣһʡݶ
ΪҲȻʵϣû˳ܲӵᣬûϷʱпƮԼͷƣЩ߱ɱֻ߰˰ˣȴǹ˳
ûһЩطϵĵȨҪʵʩרȻҶǳĬһͷ֣ĵȨ߱ȥ
ܹ˱ƿصˡ
һУԴ潫߷˸ʡУԵȨ߽м졣
ЩΪεԻĳ߿˵ȫ᳹ǵ־ԲκһĵȨ߶ʵвк
Ҳˣ̶һʱ䣬֮䶼΢ĺг
Ϊ沢ЩȨȻΪҲˡ
Ҫ˵Ψһ鷳ģڵˡ
һֱ涼ڷһֻҩֻҩ己ֳģΪҩЧֻһ꣬ÿ귢һΡ
ÿϷʱ򣬻ǻҩʧЧʱ䡣
Ҳˣ¼֮󣬾дĸŮУ񣬽Ӥһϡ
ǷҪҩ⣬һۺ
һЩԴ̫ḻҪЭʱȴ룬ǰ˵Ѿ˽˿İ취
֮ǰ˶ԥЩߵĶ٣һضˡ
ʱΡĳǽһȺȴ
ò׼£ǡֻǽһ磬Ҫһ򾡡
Ȼٶ໳ɣҲò
ǣҲ޴ӷ
Ͼ˵ȫĳ߶ΩǴӣȴûз
ţһЩ
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196 ǣ

˵Ľ²⣬˾ҪϷ
Ȼϵǡ
ʽе֮
ʲô˼
ǿкһϵı⣬һˡ
Դˣ沢Ǻ⣬ϾôרҵĶЩ˶뿴
͵ǰе֮Ǻͬʽе֮óϣֻһ֮гϡһޣͻỵܻʣӭ
˼ǡüͷǳϻʲô˼
Ȼ˼Ϊָ֮ǿԽжΡΡεĺġȷԭֻܻһ꣬жθ֮Ի꣬ٽθ֮Իꡣ켼ڹٷУԼѴʵĽǮ򣬻Ϊشף˽˲ƿأҲо֮ʵһѣΪ֮ҪϡпһֱƿڹٷСƿС
˼ǣֻҪӵ㹻ĲƸ߹ףܲϵػȥ̲סʵ
Ȼǡҡͷһһޣֻ꣬һޣҲǲС
ˣȥܸ֮֮͵ǰδпġĳɹܶһ꣬ԸڿӵĻܻ˰ꡣ
Ҫһֱأ̲סҲ
ҲסļǶ̫ս̽ҪҲУȫİе֮ȥ̫ս̽̽һ˾򣬾ͿԺϷ
ֱǿǵ˷氡
ǹģ֪ͨһ
ȻȴòϣϷַʽȷʵ׵õϵϿɡ
ǡ
ڵڿɶǽȫģô죿
һȻȻǽ˻ˡ
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֮ǰ˵ˣȥ̫̽աش
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㣿ɵ
ǵģҡԥһǵһ˻ˡ
£޻˵ˡ
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ԺûȨֶȶԷ˵꣬͵£ӦȻӵеĺϷȨ
һԶҪƽһ˼֮ͬߣӦȥȥ
ǱΪڻһȻϵǣȫֱ˻֮֮оǼûгַ
֮󳤴ȫ˻죬ȴ˳ò˼顣
ڶ˻֮εĻҲճ̡
ںܾԺڻⳡȫֱĻҲ̲ס̾ѡ
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ȻһУֲ֮䶯˵İ顣
һʼ˵˻ʱʹΣҪá
ɡĥһ£꣬ǴٿƣƻܽеȽƼǵУ̻ʣԼ⡣
治֪뷨ȴȻãһꡣ
ȻǾֻꡣ
һӣβûиӣԸ⣬治롣
Ҳû̫ྫһԴϷֵϡ
˵Ҳǿ
ʵϣֻҪమˣ硣
沢һˣЩģܶʱӦȴԴΪʲôΪʲôģΪʲôơ
Ȼһ仰ĵһͻ̲סĶЦ
źޱİʤһе̬ȡ
жҡĺǻ۳ȫȫİһһȻĶ
ʱ治˺ƽ̫յ̽ҲѾüĿ
ǣ֣ߵúź
֮
ˣųϵӰŭ֮񵭵Ц
֮ȴûлشڷϣ覵ĿϿ˿ڳ
ã͵̾һ
ûʲô˵ģŭ֮
֮񵭵һ۵ҿһ
䣬Ӱٴδʧˡ
ʶ£ŭ֮۾Ϸջ𣿡
òӦüˣ˸߾Ϣ֪ȥСˡ
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197 

賿ʱ֣洫Ժ¾˳ȥ
ʲôѺӷ£еƵſڴ
ҸʲôȻǰСѾȥˣڼ޲ʮ
۵׹⣬ôӡ
ͷɳزǻǮǴģ
Ͳó֮ˣôһʱ˵ˡ
ȴˣ߳ȥʵСѾûˣ
Ůһ㶡
ʱط˯
ȴûСѾҹûˣҲǸģ
򴽣һط˯ˡ
Ϸţִ£ȴô˯ˡ
ͷԼ˫ơ
ֱ˫ֳ˱ȱϸÿһЩûʲô⣬Ȼ̯ƣ˵ı鲼ƣȴǳɫ·
ϸܷ֣·Щһ
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ΪޣÿŮ󶼻½ȵŮ󣬽ͬɣγһռ䡣
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ȻŮֽɹġ
ʵϣʧܵԶԶȳɹҪࡣ
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СŴԼĪϰٻ˼ңиһǧŮȴֻٸ
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ضʱɵˣ´Ҳֻˣԡ
ɳֵĻ𣿡ü
Ȼԡõһˣģ۵Ȱѻˣ˵ԺɳǱ߾
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һ˵ؾʮа˾Ųɡ뵽ԺԵĻǴСѾǻҵɳгģ;ۡ
û취Լô޽ɡ
컹Ҫȥɽ𣿡̨ǰ񣬿ʵ
ȥȥ߶һӲ˸ɶе
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ԼʮʱȥһԻǰʦѾʦüˡȻܺãʱһͷȴ̲סġ
Լۿţ쿴ڼҾҪȥԡ
Ϊƣɽﱻ޸ˡ
Цˣģзִ硣
ԼȷзִˣرҲûж߶
ȹˣպҲӸڵ̹ˣƽǸӼģԷ´©֡ϲ͸С࣬ҪϰʱŻѡ
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Сʱѧͱ͵˷ѧͽˣҲҪʦˡ
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๾ǰȥߺߵ֪СӲʵҲǮˣҵȻȥҳ
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һԵ϶Ҳݶ㲻ôƫģһֵܣһȸأôͷԣҾûУ
صĸһ۵ʹҪҪԣɵĶػɻʲôͷҪǳҲûͷԡ
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198 

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ͷҲ̧غࡣ
˵ʵʵͷΨһĴžֻдˡ
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ϾָŴس꿪˿ռմĹء
˵ǺóƽҲǲҵõġⲻԼԱҲҪͷˣΪƽûݶûͷ𣬴縣Ƿְ
ƽƤˡƫƫ˵еͷ
粻ãθСһͱˣԲͷظæֹתͷƽͣ㣬ֲɻôʲô
θڵȻֹ㣬˽¿þֻʳ￪СôҲԸȥ͸޵ʳġ
ƽʲôɣԷȴ˭
ü㶼ʮĴˣѵֺȥ
ƽһЩǲҲʵĻ𣿡
Ҳѧղȥ˵ԲǸͷʲôۣǮ٣ҵŹ֣
ôƽСʱֲѧգҪҲ
˵ƽǱ߳ġ
üȥУҲɻΪԺпռңָܲһɣ
ƽһ㬣ȴȻûϡ
¾ֻҪžͲּܷң㽫ּңݶýˣռ϶ˡʱָ¶㶫͹Ϻˡ
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緹ȥæˣȥˣȥԼĿռ䣬ƽҲӰ
ʰ˵㻨ȥˡ
ûгףүүסһ飬ȥʱүү̳ȥˣͶԺľƣ»ˡ
ң˻ȥ˼췿ˣֻڼ
֪ͻ𣿡ֶŮͻǮСǻϲ
Լûкӣ˶ֶֶŮϲΨһֶŮأƯֶ£ɩ֪ϲٱǸɩʵڲǸģԴغһ㣬Ůϣָ췭ظǸݡ
öֻ֮˽͵͵ֶŮˡ
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ǾͺáǮСһŴ˿ϣӿһӵݹȥϽԣ￴ˡ
Ҳһžͳ
Ŵռģ
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ҲǵطƫҪ͵سʡǣЩ϶ϼǮص
ǮСҲ֪ǡ
ҡҡͷس̫Զˣ˵ʡǣҪͽǾ˲ʧˣҿɲȥ
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СﻨǮִţ϶ûҪôֵܣȵ׿϶ò̫ױʱҸױ
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ܿġǮСЦеҲĹĿռܿˣʱͿ̸ۼˡýռ϶СʱȥҸ󣬺ù¹ӡĲУ˵۹⻹ǲģѧһѧ
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¡ǮСȴЦˣǸ˵ġ
ĺãҲûߣ˰ߣܸܵһ˫Ь
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ڨڨû취ǱߴϰߣͺͺЬûۿ
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˿ɫæߵҵûȥˣ벻ҵ緹ҵûȥ
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199 

ҲǷһ֣ȻûкŴָҭɤӣĲߣҲĿռֵľǰף
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شҴҸϵңʹӵؽ˼ͷСİϴϹ֮װȥ˴̡
һƬˣôߣһϢعæճһӣ£Աߵˮϴ֣Ϳ
ǱҪܾ𣿡ʵ
ܿͺáҲһԵ㡣
ҡͷǶ˲ٰһҲ
ȥиԵ𣿡ʡ
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˵ͷרעаˡպͷĻҲԷˡ
Էܿ죬صǳͶȥˡ
ھߴˮϴ裬ϲֺ͸ܻˡ
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ͬ˫̥ܵܵ򣬸ҲץŴص½ǣ˵ͷСֻȵһ׵࣬ڶöܡ
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Һȵࡣϲ
ʣ͵ֻȵС롣
ص˸ϲ͸һۣ֪岻ãǻ۸ֻһף㣬ϲ㶼9ˣеӡ
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ҹĶΪС͵ͳ鿴ȴ̩ԺǽԺӡ
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̩ϵĳһ˷ܵˣϽѵʹǽ
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һдһߴӱһߺƽϽд
ûãһӳСĶ·ˡʱҲ˹
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ֵܵĵϸȻʹˣΪǰһ׳ʵҲͶӶˣ̲ȱŲȥ̣⡣
ҡͷϳ˰վƣ˯ôвѡ
ؿǮС䣬üҲȥɲá
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Ȼ㲻ңΰҲ㲻Ϻã˵һߣڴĻңﲻ׳껹˲ġ
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Ȼͷؾ͵£µĻ˭տ˭Ͳ˵ˡҹϸϻٸϻȥҲҲǲʶطȥȥɡ
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200 

һĹСŴ˶۹ˡ
̩ʲôʱĿ۵𣿡ϴ峤ʹˣҹ˵Щ
̩ճʱڴпۣʱϣ̾ȥŶӡҪȻֲܻϣ˵Ϻü˼ҶŶӡ
˼ôҲҪֵ
˲ԼԵģǸ˳Եġӵ
ЩǮˡ֪˭һ䡣
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һߣغ̩ʹܵԼǮСȥ˶ҡ
صǸϹӣŲ֪˭ˣž͵䣬Ͻ
ϲȥϸ˯һϣĸ˯ݵĿϣǱߵĿ󣬱˵˯ˣ˯Ҳû⡣
ǮС˯ڿͷذȻ̩˯ڿңһһ
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ҸסˡüͷǸ˰Ҫзͽ׼㡣
ԣû취Ϊӿѡ
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̫̫ۺӣҲǷǲֵˡ
شյСĥżöȥ˵𣿡
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ԭǼÿһӵ۵Ǯõóģ⻨ǮӶࡣ
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֪ûǮԼҲ֪ص۰ѳ˵ǰ棬أ֪û˸ǮۣΪ˲ΣǾԲӻġ
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ط˸۵ٲ˴磬Դ粻ȥۣĸѧͽ߲ĸҲȥСǽŸոչ۵ͣ綼˶ˣԴ16꣬۵ľһֱҪ˵͸öȥڼһȥԻЩǮڼֺֻС
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ġƽһ˷ܵΪˣǲ˴˰סԭİһףֻľˡʱҲֹۣʮء
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ȻҲģЩ׶ԣ壬ɱˡҿˣεİ˵ǳףûùߣǺõġ
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ϲ͸챾ҲأƽĻʱˡ
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201 ¹

˰죬üͷϲ˵㡣
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ôҲһί
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ʲôƽص뺦Ҳɣأƽʱ㲻ɣ𣿡
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ûǮҪ۵ĻԼǮ
ΪѣһʵڵҪүү̰æȥۣ
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202 ڴ

ƽȥۣظ׼һµ鲼º˫µǧЬˮװˮװ󼦵Ŵ
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ͷȥۣΪ׼ķ˲ȥһ£lƤǡ˵ڶ꣬ؾעˣ˳ʳеȥˣи
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203 

ϻصԼķ䣬ؾ̲סȥԼ˫֡
˵ĵĽ׳ɣռͻῪĵǳɫ·Ҳʧɺͨһơ
ڽɵʱ䣬ڳʱ
겢ָһ䣬ֹͣʱ
Ȼʱʱ˽¿СΪ˲˿ⷽܿƣ˵ɫҪһЩҲޣ˻ɣֻΪǮС˽¸Сˡ
ǳͼʡ¡˶ڿռ㼦Ѽţ򣬵ȴ⣬Щ鷳ռֵĶһЩסȺôֺ
ˣǸģҲûŮСġ
ǮϼΪģǮԵģԸȥֽΡ
ǵģرϲΣƵǳԡΪκÿƽʱܴȥûǮ˻ܻӣҪôԽûˣҪôԽԽֵǮ
ĻǮϵµضȰϧڱûԭȴرԭ˵ʲôģ
ԭضԳ²ȻԵζĺ֮ȴǿʼˡ
ڼҴ͸ϻˣߵʱ򻹴Ŵظ˫Ьһס
һֱǮС˽¶ûٸؿСܵʲôԵģ취ֵܷ֡ٵĶôһҲûʲôˡ
ԴˣǮСָΪѣ⺢ӺòԶʳΪû취
Ȼһʱ䣬Ƿ֣СȻʼԶʳˣ
ŶԵܿ㳤󣬵ȿ˿ռ䣬ҾôǶԱˡ˵ɻ󣬴ؽ͵
͸οȱֵܣԺе˵ʱ򡣡
һ˵ţǮСͶһͬĿռ˺üʮֻģҲ͵Լҳԡ
Ҳǲ
˵ֵһǳԵģԭǮϣȻöŮԺһЩǮȢϱͷûǮ
Ҫ֪ޣµطȢϱûмǧƸ붼Ҫ롣ôֵܣְ˲ܶӣȻҪġ
ˣһ͹ýͰ͵ˡ
ǮС䶼΢ŮռĳʳѰû𣬵ЩﶼûʲôˮֻҪͺóԡ
οǮСջҲ÷ŵϡ
أ洫
㲻ˣˣϲܵһŵ
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һ䣺ûˡ
һԵǮСɫ̫á
綼ƽû͵ʵڻ첻ųԵˣܵǼ硣
ҸɶôȥԹ
˵ҲЦֳ˾ȴΪǴҲڼҡ
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ҴˣҵҼռұˣҵţȥҹӡ
ǵҵʱ򣬾Ϳȥҹӣ˾˾ȴǳûˡ
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˵ҵĶԹôӴү˵
ȥֻ˵ŮȻޣȴֻŮСǡãүѾˡ
һŮƫƫһӣͷһŮֽزˡ֮˺üӣӲҪͶ͸ˡ
ͷȢϱûӵ˶࣬ͺӣҶ
ȺһһӶˣ˺üŮȴزˡ
ѾСʱŮסˣ
ȴûŮʮʱӾ½ˡ
СԵúãҲ磬ʮռͿˡǻỹǸ潾ݵĺӣðǮƶǣռüĳҲװ˳ȥ
ҸǷ´ʶծǶ˼Ҫȥծ
Ů˵ļֵǺܸߵģ˵ŲŮˣ˽ȴһ¡
ҲӲЩծץʱŲ˵ŻһͨȻû˳ȥ
Ҳܵ·Ȼؼң˳¼޸
ǰͼ˺֡
˵ģøΡ
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204 Ź

Ҫ˵˾˾ΪʲôҲԵʵġ
˵ΪԭǸܱתáȻģߵһ塣
Ų׷һ·Żˣ϶˲ʣ϶ȫƨϱһȫĽױҶˣ߿˶ܿе㲻ͬϴȫҲĲǶӷȥģϧ׼ͷеᣬȫֶÿ죬Ҳ˵Ƥˡ
ҲҪ֪ɱȻŮˣֻҪʲô׶񼫵¡һɱʮϰˣɱһҲͷһӡ
һȻ࣬΢ŮʮʮҲˡ
Ů׶񼫵£ֻҪпռ䣬ͲΣһкܴĿڼ
ף̩żһȥسǣڹǰŴСϻˡ
һΣҲŶ֡
̩۵죬ȴЦⲻ
ǿҴʲôˡ̩⿪¶һѵĻ֬ľӡľӡľᡢɰѿǡͷƵĿ
ƽҪȥѿǣ̱شˡ
ԲġϲһЦ
˵ƽѾˣΪۻı䣬Ȼıеģԭž͵ˣϳȥĻᣬҲȥɲϸɿһЩʡĻƣǲǮˣһ˼ڽһ׬һӣô۵Ǯ
طһҲû䡣
ƽ˺ߵҳԿѿǶˣ
̩ѾֹˣЩǴȥģɲܸ
Ҫȥηһȡ
ŵ֮ǰҵĻЦ̩һˡ
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һҲ飬Ͻ˵ӡ
ҽģôصڡ
̩ĵȻֹһͷȻǮǸָΣʣһЩָͭ壬ЩǺ«֮ġ
ԼҲ廨һ㣬Ĳ࣬Ҳӡ
ΪһԲ´廹ǻһЩģ䵽꣬Ȥ࣬ˮƽ˵ߣѰﻹҪǿһЩġ˵׬Ӧòֹһ㣬ⱲӾǸǮСѧĴ壬ֲô㣬Ҳұֳ̫ߵˮƽһӻ˺üеġ
ΪزǮߣٵøһ룬Щ׬ò٣Ӳڻ¡
̩ǮҲû˵Ҫȥسǣֻ˵С⣬ʮӡ
֪֮Ȼȥسǣ˾֮ô׽Ǯ
˵ʱˣȴЩŮмǮ˿϶ҲǮ̩ˡ
̩һ˷ܵβ˺öѧǻܹǮȥϰ̯ǻ
ǻ˸۵ʲôأ
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سǡ˿϶⻨ǮҪԵģÿÿʲôϵ
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ܼӣʲôãǵȥѧʲûõգ
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һǵһǡˣŵܵôһ䡣
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ΪԼ㹻֣Ǽɱǲ˵ģСһæֵܾܸˡ
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ֻвǣһҹʱ򣬸ͻȻ
һʼǻӣॵǾû취ûˡ
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һӣֵܶ˳ȥ
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205 ը

ôˣ˻˵ˡ
ֵ໥һۣ濪ڵϱǰ첻˸𣬺òе㳤ˣƺ˵ڼˣƷء
ԣϸǮС䶼һ£˸۵±ܡ
⵽ʲô£
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һǰصĿռ俪ˡȻûиԼĿռж󣬵ֻսḻĲɫԼЩױȵζǾͲ²Ŀռ䲻С
ֳɣһΪӦǳŮ֤óķ˱ȵĺ⻹ҪóԣһΪؿǺŮǹŮ֤ǲһµķ˳Ǿ͸о࣬ɫ췭ظı仯ıǸ֣⺢һŸֽƬƵģ᲻ɫˣˣؼһû
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ǼҵǲǮģ֮ǰýתŮҪƸĿСٵǸҪǧ
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ؿռ̬֮Ը֧Ԯֵܣýš
ԣЩΪѵý˵һ˼ҿҪǧƸ𡣡
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Դ˵
ȴʵ˵˭ҵĹ㣬ͱʲô
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ﻹ𣿡ʵ
ڵġĪãɳؾٶĶ
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ԹСھϴ룬Ժ
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ؿһۣüʲô
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аɡƳһ۵
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һòҪ֪ռжȺЩԾҪ֪ͬ棬ûȲ
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˾ùŹֵǣģݾȻһʱ˴
ݶ治ռж󣿡غôʵ
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ȻһѾкܶ಻ϸĵطҲû۹ТҲ
ֻãԼĿռжǱˣˣ³ȥ鷳
ʵϣκˡ
ԣһˣȻʲôһ㣬ҧݶҵĿռ𣿡
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һŹֵؿȥʹȥԴҩ˰ɣ
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ݶҴȥ׵
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206 ׵

һڣصǿհ׵ģЩеתͷȥʲô˼ʲô׵
ʱʮԶļé߳һˡ
˵˶סˡ
һ£¶Ƥɹ΢ڴֲڣɢŵĹҲмֿݻƣȻ˵һͦˣֻͻʧȥԡ
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ͷõĽʹǿƯγʯپµ˵覣쾫ĵٸеĹ⻪
Ϥˡ
ھпܶΡ
ȻΪԱĲ죬˼ԷӢΪ͵Ĺϵ޵Ļ䣬ʻȻִü̬ɢķiȴһ޵ġ
˳ǰ񣬲κؾ֪ԷӦþ׵
ʱҲ临ӣоȣϲãмȴ
ݶ׵㳤׵ҪȻҲôƯԲʮﶼҲűÿġԺҪúТ׵ŴǰȻʼੲݵ˵
սȭͷҧʲô£
ʲôĻϣһʱˡ
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Ϊ¶Ȼȴһ鶼ûУֱ׳ɵôֻһӣ
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˵һԵһé߳һˣһ£ʶһܣû¶
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ֻһܣ֪ŮΪΪĽܵõӰ죬ÿĿռñתע
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Ȼ뵽˼ﳤԶƫĺͶĺӡ벻ͨ飬ȴһӱˡ
˵Ϊ׵İֵܣ඼еԡҪ˵ģҪƽҪ˵жǵҲǡĳ߷񣬲ӦΨһܹٷ֮ȷӡӢȴȲҲ԰ٷ֮һٿ϶ҵ֡㣬еЦǹҺϢ񣬵ƺͿռǸЩ̩ҲÿòƺеӰӣȴһĵطûСϲһźܼһ˫۾еȴȴûһĵط˵ϲǹӺԺľСʱһģһʣֺ˫̥һģһһһȴǿʲô
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Ů͸Ҫ˵ˡ
Щһˮ˲ƽ˵Ƕӣȴûġ
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207 Ŀ

ȻˣԼӦô죿
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ҡҡͷ֮ǰ鷢̫죬룬ǻˣ׵ԼǸԸĿռ
Ҳ֪ⲻܣʲôǾɫռҲϲûʲô棬ЩûԸⱻڿռеҵļ
Ҳ˵ǸˣǸ׵һ¶ûУֻƾòͷˣҪƭδĹȢָͲ⣬ôԸļ
˵۾Ϲ׵أ¶û˿ε׺ܹó˵Ȳƽոеġ
֪ˣ֪֮ѵ֪ܵ˵
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뵱֪⡣
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208 

ݶôˣŵˣæǰҪ
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ݶռ治ҪҰæɻһæţ̩չСʵ˵ЩŮŮΪռ̫󣬶Ҫ˽ռɻģ治Ҫǰæǲʩʲôġ
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209 츳

ЩŵҪ뿪һ㡣
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Ů޵ĵλǳߣ¼ҼƴҲĶԷʲô
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¾ݿһۣȻһïһܿšïϵܿӦСŴ帽һԻĵܵܡ
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ˡ¾΢΢һЦ΢Ů֮ϵļ㶼ɣ
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210 ӿɽ

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ŮĿռʮĶ֮ڣŮĿռһĶ֮ڣŮĿռһǧĶ֮ڣŮĿռǴһǧĶִӵеĿռ䶼֮Ϊռ䡣
ޣӵдռŮ˱ǹŮӵСռŮֻܱ֮Ϊ㡣
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Ůռʳֵͨʳ5ͨʳ2ʳ200ꡣ
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Ůռʳֵͨʳ30ͨʳ5ʳ500ꡣ
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ЩΣһӲŽЩݼ
Щݶǹ̶ģǻ¸ġȷռ9ĶĺŮͿռ3ĶĺŮǿռʳֵȻǲͬġ¾ݵŮݶϸŮݶ¸ҵ˼𣿡
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211 Ů

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˶٣ңѪԵϵԼ̶ܹȵػýͬõҲǶһݵģǵ˸
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212 ¶

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213 ޿

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214 һѾ

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ˣȴʱï˹סĲӡ
һ㶣һۣ׻ǰˡ
ï˫ֱסȴǶ˹֣ţ˱ûˣֲ֪߳ܵ飡
תͷȥܿţï̬ƽֻ࣬Ŀż䡣
Ź𣿡תͷ¾Сʵ
¾ҡͷͬСػشܡ
ĬȻ
ӿռʱïܿҲ˳
ڼϢһϣǻȥ
ЩǱڿռˣЩŤҲûκԵ뷨
һԵ۾һߣ֮ǰҪ¾ڵͻԼĿռ䣬ҲãҸҲã
ϣ̩ͷּձ÷ǳŹ֡
ûƽһֹ˵ˡ
˵꣬̩һȻع֮ȥïܿˡ
ϳԹرҪط䣬ȴǽס
ݶȥԺһ
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215 

һر׽ĸףڴͷɣָܷŮʵ١
ĬҺһŴȸ֮ģÿԼһ·иĿջ᲻סҲỨǮһЩֵϰ⡣ٸ飬ֻҪĺҪᾡ㡣
Сһ޲һһǿһױīֽ⡣
ǣ֮Ľȷʵࡣ
ſиѼӣȻÿ궼ƬҶӣѸǴû·ʯʯʣǲȥ
ʱŮţһʱ侹û˵
ˣȥͱˡãڵ
Īң
ǣһӶ㣬㻹ǡ̾˿ǿռӦòСɣ
ص˵ͷȴû˵ԼǿŮŵԼһʵĵ
ÿ궼󣬱ˣеʶġҲ֪طһֱֻ΢ŮͺŮҲûŮŮ󶼰ᵽسǻǸˡߴˮʹߣҪҲҪŻ꣬
صͷͷԼ΢ۿ
׵ԥ¿ڵȻֻ˵һ仰ҿŲǻˣҲӡҲͦ׵ģȥڣ¼ҵļףɱšġǱ߹ƻѪԵˣúദܴ
¼ٲܱǿݶز죬ܵ˱ӻ¼Ҿǲѡ񡣱Ů˵ĵλٸߣݶĿռٴһˣܻܵ۸ģ¼ҾͲͬˡ
ֻ⻰û˵ºﷴŤ˼׽
һһӦˣԥµ㻹ȥ𣿡
Ĭãͷ뱲ӹˣʹջŹɡ
Ϊ˺ǣҲֿܸ
ʹһұˣɲٴұҡ
ߣʵɥȻŲᴦסҡܼҺ¼ҲڣұǿǺӵķҲҪ顣
жĸ飬ֻǲúΪѡ
ڶһ磬ܿŻؼˣïؼҡ
Ȼ͸ȥˣҵصݶȥòã
ˣôͻȻ뷨
Ǹܿš׵ˣ˵Ժ󶼲ףϣڡüͷ
ôģʵ
Ҳ֪̾ʲôҵ⣬ҵĵѹ
Ӧòᷴգ֮ǰ˵ڡص
Ҹ㲻һȴȥôԶʲôӰ첻СŴ塣׵ǴɽģҪһգ鴫СŴ壬ͲˣǱ˵ĭܰ
ǣȴǴ֮ǰû뵽ġ
˵ƽĿգֵܾ֮Ǿˡ
ƽ˸˰ϣʱϹĺȦ
֪ΪɶܾǸï׵Ŵһ㬵
ػһ˵ò˵ʵïҪÿһЩĳŵȱ㳤һ㣬Ƚƽӹ
ҾҾǵĶӡ̩һֹ۵ȻñȵҲǸܿţïءҴˮԼĳ࣬ŵŵ㳤ˡ
ϲСҾӦǸܿŵĶӣҵ۾񣬸Ҳ񡣡
ֺ죬ĥһϣԼǸïĶӡ
һţǰϻ̤ŻûüкһӡĳĳĳĶӡ۵ʱˡ
ڸʲôа˰ɣ
˰ضһ㶣ли֪ء
ֵܼȥͰȥ˵ˡ
ǱƭҰɣһŵ
ԹֵǿأȻԷı顭
һӳȥģ
˵ͷһʵжûС
ãһʵ˭Ķӣ
ȻΧһƽ°͵ҾǸïеӦĶӡ
˵ͷһҲûС
ءҲһҲûС˵ܲ⣬˵ĻһĿŶȵġ
ѪԵϵٻЩӦģضʱ
ЩֵԺǰ;ڿռᵽЩֵܵʱ¾ͻȻôһ䡣
һ㶣˵ҵԼ
¾ݵͷǶǶ㶼õ¡
üԼҪ̵𣿡
еñʧ¾ݵΪֵܣռԼ̫ϧˡ
˵ģӦҪԼܲҪ󶼺ѪԵϵɣƵ
Ǳġ¾ȴ
-

216 

۾ɴˣôܣһŮԼ˵мɣ˭ôѪԵˣ
ôûУ¾ݵ¼ҾнˣټףʮǾԴյĳġ
صһôࣿ
¾ݵͷ
ӦкܶѾǱ˵Լ˰ɣ롣ؿڵ
¾ҡͷʲĶԼˣʺõĿ϶š
¶ɻ¾ݵ¼ҲŮǽ˵ŮŮûм£Ϊ˿Ů֮ǩõԼȻҪ˲Ŵ
ص¼ңעΪ顣
ȴǴ֮ǰû뵽ģü˵ʺķ棿
ǱԼ츳츳ֻ¾ݻش
Ҹǡ𣿡ʵ
ֻ˵һ㣬ǡȴʧ¾ݵֵܣעԺȱ˲ǷǳԵĴڣѪԵԽˣܹõĻҲԽࡣһʼȱ˲Ҳһܺϡ
˶٣üʵⷽǱȽϳԿģŮĸ͸壬ܹѡķΧҲȽϴ󣬵ĻͲ˵ˣĸĳӣǰֻܵܣ󸸣кüʮֵܡԺ󲢲ףԺֵܸܣ츳һ㣬ҲǺ¡ȻԺԼĶӣܵõͬԼ
²еĴ󸸺ʹĸ游ĸ˼棬ʱЩ壬ŲΪء

ûгΪĸԼ𣿡ʵ
Ȼؽдĸ¾һ۵׻һĨЦ⣬ȻĸǹŮڼ޸֮ǰռԼѾˣҵˡΪǿŮǩµԼҲõһ
ĸǿŮŮһΪ˺иõǰ̣ǶҲΪĸ׵Լġ
°͵˵ɷҲܳΪӵԼ
Ҳһ¾ݵЩ˻ѪԵϵɷǱܡ⼴ûѪԵϵǷ޸ãҲܵõͬЩķޣڽɷܻñȶӸͬ
˼
¾ݿʵСҲǳãڴذ֮
ʮĶĵأ˲£ؾͷˡ
Сʱ򾭳ĸĿռæũİԴصľȣ¾
˵һµĹڿռпٳһƬ԰
ĶĶСʣµǸ߲ˡˣΧһƬΪСĳһģļ
ؿЩ͹ˣԺͱȥˣСطӶǳ΢Ůռ䣬ҲֵЩҲΪģջ˶֡ҪǻҲ򣬵ȥð졣ü취ŪһŮռ磬ǲҲŮռ߹ŮռģܱߵĺáŴؽ
صͷ
˵ʵôĿռ䣬һʼ˷ܼ֮ʵãȻ
Ͼ̫ˣ޴֡
ڼָƽɱ㣬һŲ
תͷȥͿϲ˽кˣˡ
֪أ֪²ܴ³
ʲôôţЩ
ϲ˿ڿˮȥ֪ˡ
ܳȥһʱ׸ϲΪʲôô˵ˡ
ԺУԼһ׳һ˵һ߽
˵Ķ׳ʵһװ˼ߣֻһ˾òǡ
ȻǶǸ׳ȴǶв
Ӧܿ˹߾ͶһͷվǸһ׶ɷ·ʱо涼𶯡
߽ؾܿ˵ĻոܽȥСӣ϶Ҳǿŵ֡
һ㶣ܿµطû֪񸮳ǶǶ˾Ͷ֪Ѫʢһ̶ȣܹѪиӦġ䲻ţٻܸоһЩ
ȴǴû뵽ġ
ܿһǿƵˣݣûЩСһۣºֱӶܼҵĺӵһǼϣұ㲻ƽҵܵʮ¡мôӦңⱲӶףŵǸӣܼҵѪܶϡ͸ϲӣٵôһȥ
-

217 

鲻̫õҲͬ⣬ֻҪǵԸԸȥҶ˵̷ˡ
˵Щ黰Ҳһסܿȴô󣬵еģᶼ˵һȥĻҪֱӷǸһȥ
ңܿ鸴ӵúܡ뵽ܵǸģͺ޲ýǸŮ˸ŪܼҵĺӰֲò顣
ˣ̬Ҳô֣Ķĳ˫ͻǷ
ˣҪҲҪֱ׳
⡭һʱΪ
һԸǿӣҲȷʵ᲻úǡ
Уڣʹ˽
ܿı鲻һ⺢ӹȻԼҵܼܵΪˣ⺢ǴԵģɵһӪ
ҲܸȥҪôȥҵⱲڴﶼû취̧ͷˡ
ܿһ㶣һû¡ôһ˵ǡ
˵˫ǷҲûҡ
ܼҵܶϡܿü
˵ԼĴ㣺ѾݶȥˣԶˣʱǸգСŴҲ
˵ȥܿһȻصǹŮ
صܵ˵ˣ֪׸ˣҲ֪Ŀռ䲻С֮ǰ뵱ȻΪܵܿеĲСָŮŮǸˮƽڡ
ܿŽԼĿռ䣬Ҳʲôģ˵ͷ
ܿЩܹǩԼģøǵԼ
һ㶣û뵽ܿȻ֪Լ¡
ҲˣȴǸ֪νԼ
زشܿߴٵǲǣ
صͷԸĻ
϶Ը⣡ֵܿĻǸһشɽҲУǵôӦ
ü˵
ܿϲһ뿪СŴ壬һøܡ
ؿϲµԼӦС
˼ͷԡԼûӣֲϸգԼĶӣոĲı㲻Ҫˡ
ǸϲЩᡣ
ԴʲôҶӡ
鲢ûǿϲ˵ͷҲû⡣
ڶ͸ϲٵһȢϱֵܿ
ԣ͸ϲɶ
£˭ܹ֤һڵ
ܵġܿȴǿصֻҪԼǱȢϱСŴһȴ׾١
⻰ˣ㿪ڵֻҪ͸ϲԸ⣬ҾǵҵԼ
ȻܿıһɣȻ󿪿ڵһ
һΣȴԥƬ̲ſŸ͸ϲڵܼûһ죬ȴҲԸġȽֵϣҲûԼͿ֮ǵðǽȥ
˶٣ٵðѿŽӹȥ
ɣҴӦԥ
Ļر
ˣܿǳ׷ģŴǵţҸŹС
˶٣ִ֪磬ʱ򲻻ǰһ
ԼͰˣŸ̫Ǳ˿ⲻһ
˵Щܿȴǲûߣǵȵƽ˶һʧ뿪ġ
Ⱥ֪ȥϿˣǲ֪뿴˸͸ϲ֮ûܼҵĺˡ
ܿţҸȴĬؽΧסˡ
ܿ˵ԼǲǸø˵һ˵ƽڵ
һ㶣Ҫ˵㽫ռԼϸ˵һ
ԼҪȾ
ѧıǴԣȻõĿռҪԼΪֵʺϣȻʲá
ϲ͸춼ƤӣСԣԼͦģҲű̬ˡ
̩͸ȴһԥ
ģϺȰɣ̩ɵ
СƤ䣬治ó־͸˵ˣȻƲҩӣҲǸ念ġ
ᡣصǺҵѪԵһʼ㣬Լ֮Ҳ
ͬǣ͸ƽԥȴΪˡ
ΪԼ֮һڴ̰ɻ𣿡ʵ
ԼǲҪѵܿࣿǺóĸƽ
һΣػûü˵һԵͿˡ
-

218 

̵㲻ùܣ¹˶ûϵȥŸ
תͷŸƽԼ಻۲ۣ㶼øȥⱲӶֻһҪ󡣡
صҲ֪Щֵвã˵ˣռԼ˵м򣬱ôˮƽõģӦҲӰ죿
˽ģǰҲҪӰŮ
Լĺôʵʵڵģݶո˵ˣԼ嶼ܵõĻԽԽǿ󡣻УԿŮռʳܻǧꡣ
ôĺôֹܵһˡ
غЦͷӰ졣
㿴һڶӵһ©ȥ
Ǹ̩ԴҲݶȥ
أѯ
룬ҡͷʱȥɣʱ˵˾дŸǡ
һҲǣҪݶȥ¼ǴһȺֵܳ˼ҹܳԹܺȹס˿
Լ£һĬûи֪Ҫ۶ӡ
ʱһζռﶼһ磬ŽˮԴеҲ࣬һʱ򣬴ر·ȥˡ
ҮҮǴڿռﻹǸһ棿ǰؿ¾ݡ
ʱ䣬Ů׽࣬Ϊ֪Ǳ߶Ը׽ĳƺҮҮر㿪ʼôǽе
֮ôʣΪ֮ǰΪⱻ˿˵л¾һֱǴڿռеģѵóҲϡø·£ܱ⻹ͦõģڿռɰ
档¾ȴűģ븮Ƕǲܽ˲ڿռУֻᱻط
ΪǵĳУ׼˰꣬͸˺֧ܶʹڴؿռ֮⣬ذ֮Ҳ˲٣Ǵŷġ
Ϊпռ䣬ǵû׼ԵģȴǸ׼˲ǮС仹һسǣû˿£ǵ¼֮󴩣˼ҿǡ
ɵ¶ˣôȥԼүүǶȴǲġǶԴв²⣬·ҧгݣԴõ̬ȴûиı䡣
ȻûҪȾҲÿŮݣ¼ҾͲ˸ҿҲûĺ⡣
׼˺ܶҩ纮õĸкõõĽ߳õġ뵽Ķ׼ˡ
ڼ˰겻ȥȴʼûЭ鵽زȻɫѿһǧӸ
ٲǮܲһ·ߵЩǮȥסջʱҲҪΪʡǮͣҪϺڵ꣬޶
˵ģȴǶ¶˰ͷһЦݡ
ȥϣκͬǴӴһţȥȻٰţͻ
ϣûмŻȥȥ˳һ
Ǵģʡǵ¡
ֻϸǵسǣԶȴǲˣ˵ϤĵǲߣȰȥس
Ҳǿ
ӳسǲ̫Զһ߸أϳپصʱʱŸϳȥǶſĿջˡ
سϢһϣʵ
һ˵ţһȥܡ
Ⱳӻǵһسǣ˵ʵͦģϾǹŴĳУִкܴͬġ
㣬¾Щᣬ㿪ڵҸջһ䷿ЪһʱȻȥٻؿջϢһϣ
ֻ֮һ䷿Ϊпռ䣬ȫסռջķôһסС
Ҫ¾Բǻ㾫ϸģ᲻ͷǮ
ȥջ÷߽ȥ¾ݾͺˡ
Ҫ㻹Ǻһռ˯ɣ̫ܲȫڵ
˶٣Ҫ㣿
ռסɽײջķ
ڵݶ˯ռɡô»Լɡ
¾ҡͷУҲģԼҪ۾ԣûܱȵˣһŲþѡ
ԣ¶Ρ
Цҡҡͷ˯ռɡҮҮ𿴷׿ȻʵЩ̬
ǰ۵ˣİĿջһҲ˯úܳһ¾ݱСĽŲѣ˵ûҪԼõʱ䡣
Ҳûпջ緹Լڿռ˵˵ͷǰ緹Ӧˡ
-

219 ⴬

س߳еĳҪȳǸ̸ö࣬һϳͿڶڳԯϺͬĸʵλ͹ȥԴҪʲô𣿡
ȻǸģҲʱصûٸ̸ǮٻǻһЩġ
ԣһ΢ЦȥԴԴֻ·ǵĿĵ
һʲôҪܵȥ죿Ӷ첻𣿡
ᣬȥǰ£ȥ̽ס
Ȼ𾴣ݣǿǹˡ
һ˼ӱˣΪԭ򣬶ûȥλȥָͲˡ
˵õĶ˵
һĽãҲܸżȮˡ
ЦЦ磬Ҹ£ԴǱʲôزӾˣǱǻԼңݵĿɲܿȥһţܵ
뿪֮ǰ͵͵ģǧӣŻǻ򶼳ǵʱ¼õóֵ
ʶˡһ߼һߵĵط˵ԴǱû˱ˡҪ˵ǶʲôزҪλŮռĳˡŮռţǳۣŮռʮŮռгĽ˿ľҲһ
У¾СԴصڸǶĵطŮԵĳƺϼ𣬵㵽˶ƺΪ¿Ů
һ飬ƺôô֣
˰죬˵زһЩŮռĳ˵ȴʺϵ
˵꣬ʵ֪ԴʲôֹƷزʲôġ
¥رãܹγɸƯͼǧ󡣡
ǧ𡭡
ʿˮͷǮ
һԴŮǵӵİ˱ѼζҲǳӳƵĲҶӦ󡣶ˣµĵԼ޳۵㡣
ų˵۾ԽԽ
ĺͳʳЩٹӦҲޣвҶʲôġ
磬ٺóԵĵĺͷˣԴõҲζˡڣѵ
һ㶣ΡҶ㣿
ҡҡͷȴʱٿɡɲЩҶˣǹŮռԭɵġ
֪뷨ãġ
Ȼ˵ǵԴʱѾ֮ˡܻˣ֪Ҫȥֱӱȥ⴬ˡ
ȥӶĻȻ½·ȽϿݣҪȥ½·Ͳôˡ⴬ļ۸Ȼ󣬵Щ˺һ߸̶ӣǲѡ񡣡˵
ԵĿˣȻûģҪȥ̽ףԼȫһЩ˵Ժܵõر
Զͷ죬ûþҵˣǰź˴
½̻ĴʶǵһС£һ˽Ӿϴ̴ִԼĻӣ·ϻܰȫҴ̴ס޻ãÿ˶һ䡣ҪԴ죬պǻܹһ䣬Щز򽻴
лл˳硣
ŹֵģջƣڼҪĻһɡ
ã硣
ͻ뿪ͷһҿջסˡһΣȴǲûʡǮǶ䡣ǲΪҪϴȽϷ㡣
Ϊ¾˵ˣ˴ϣϴͲôˡԴûʮ¸ˡ
˵ڶϣغ¾ݶ˯Ǹʢһ˳ȥѾˡ
ôˣવģزʵ
̾˿ȥһ£ǱߺõĲҶҪʮһؼǸר˵ģͨˡǸ䱦μ۸ף㿴һͷ棬Ҫǧӡµ㣬õһоȻҪӣҵǰԤС
ضԴԤϣûˣۼʲô۾˶õûдӵıҪ
˵öԣڣЩȽڡ¾ݵ
ֻܿЦͷ
ǿԣݶ޳Уس¼ңСȻʵԼ
ʧ䣬ذοûУԺȴ϶Щ
ҲˣҲйǮӵľǮʱеԱԼǵġ
-

220 Ϣ

õĶ󣬸ȥ˼õĳ£ײõҲĺͷԼͷ档
ôͻһǧӡ
õȴģЩµĻôһӻ˴룬ͷʣˡ
۴һЩȥҲᱻ˿𡣡һԸ˴أ˵
ֹԼʹأ¾Ҳ׳ºЬӡ
ôһǹˡ
Ȼˣͷ棬оͰҡЩǿ϶Ҫ̷ģǴزᡣ
ǹŴСŴµطŮʵ̫ӵķ٣δŮӣҪôѾ٣ҪôͷɳӴؿڡЫӱҪһЩ
͸ˡ
󣬻¾ݳָɼһ١˵ͦģģôؾȼˡ
Ůɻ¾ĿЩԶҵѧҲһ򡣡
ģȴǲԸ˵ˡ
Ȼкܶʣ⸱̸ģҲֻðѻ˻ȥ
ؼûһصľ̫áһʼȥʱ򻹺ãʱˣ;ԴκоΧĶڻΡ
ϴڶ죬֪طӦԼЩδ
ҲرأûкֻǱúһϷ羰Ĵȴֻˡ
һеİ£ؿ˵һһ찾ġ
Դǰ¾˵Ѿڵʱܿˡ
ͷһƬ֣ǸɻĿںһһﲻΪĴ̫ˣ󣬲ֵϰ
̤ʵغ󣬴Ե̾һ
ҮҮھȥ¼ңվͷϣתͷ¾ݡ
¾ҡͷڵɫ̫ˣȥջһ£ٻȥȻУҲŮģȥ¼һӡ
պãʱͣǾͽһóȥͷĿջ
ȵջʱ򣬴صɫѾˣ˲˵ȣٲͷˡ
ջһ¾ǳԷ֮ϴ裬ȻǺú˯һ
˶۵òᣬһ˯ˣʱȴ컹û
ʵڶòУ˴صĿռԸ㱥һ١
ȻѾˣȴûߣǽһڿջ˳̽Ϣ
¾˵뿪̫ãóû˽һ
ջȻϢļеأȻһЩǳϢͣȴõİ취
ȴʱļλ˵ĶԻ˴ص⡣
Сħ˵ûУ
˵ŮĶṫӣ
ִˡ
ʲôϡģһ죬Ҫһ¡
ʲô
ǰܲܺϻһְѹŮĿռ˰ɣ
زǣʵû˵λŮڵʱûסһ֣˺
ļٵģ
ǧȷҾ˼ҵıۿģԶ˲ûϵüλŮȻ
ǰɣôţͲѹŮˣ
ʲôŮô̵ˡ
Ҫ˵ṫҲǵùôһŮǲײǽͷǰ̵߳壬ôƢ
СħǸϽװɣҪȻȥĹŮԲ١

Щɵؿ¾ݣ֮ǰ˵ģŮĿռʲô˼
Ҳһ㤡
˼¾һʵʵǿһ̶ȵˣǹŮĿռҲǹزסġ
üռ䱻ˣŮ˻ܵӰ𣿡
Ȼˡ¾ݵȻһָҪʱ䡣ڿռָĹУܽˣҹŮҲᴦУûʮ
֮ǰǼ˵ӦǹŮǸṫӹؽ˿ռ䣬ڲռˡеܴⲿռѷ죬ӶǱռӶᡣ
صһ
¾ݵԼãڿռӵʱõʱΪռķˡĿŮռ䣬ӦòܹҲò
΢΢˿Ȼʵ˶𣿡
Ȼࡣ¾ݵͨһЩ츳ߣһҲһˣˣҲѡ
ӿգȴ֪֮ǰͷϵʱѾϳϢ¼ҡ
-

221 ʹ

¼Ѿ˺ܶˣ˵ΪʳŲϣСķϧȥ̫࣬ѾֵˣǮá
ֻŴСĺӣÿ춼ȥԺ˵˵Ͼ˶ԵҲ˵ﻰ
սԼҵСԺɨãֹԺŴȥԺͼŮͷ󺹵˹
ɣôˣѵǹҳˣŮ¾ҪˣŮģֺѲᡣ
ҡҡͷҺܺãϻһѡĸҹԵҪ¡
ǴŮ£˿ʵʲô¸ϵô
ŮֻǸŮĥĹŮ޸¼Щ۸ڶСӿҪί˶䣬ùŮˡԺŮ츳õģٻ¼ūҲ
ǧѡŮѡȻһ㣬Ϊ˻塣ȻҴŴʼױ޹ȥ󣬼ŹҵļױǮ⣬һɵñһãԹҲء
Ҽ˿ʮˣŮʧ
ɲźȥͷ˻˴ү
һ㶣ʶеĴү˭ٿ۾˵¼Ҵүݸ
ɵͷΪĸĸֽ¼ҷ˵Ů䲻¼ˣƺȴǸҵ˽еġ
˵ģڲңһɵ
ǧȷɵҵȻûδүүķˣұֻһζˣԲϴֻǡ
һɵС㲻˵үˤȥʬ޴𣿡
Ǽ˵ŵ𣿡ЦһȻŮ㲻Ҫ⴫ȥҷˡ
ɵ˵ͷץסү֮һ·ȥ˳Ķջ
֮ǰ̫û뵽һ磬޵ܵջǱ˶ţɲܳʲô
Ҳ֪µҪԣԵ˵ͷģȥš
ΪһСһȥ
һҲǣԼһҪ£иһпܰ˸©ˣûоܾ
ּҴҽԺѾ߼⸱ģ⿪ڹһȴˡ
˵㵭Ц㽹ǳʲô£
Լҷ˪ѩľգٿͷѩ˿һʹڵˣͷϿ˴ү
ϵЦٿȻʧ͵֣ո˵ʲô
һ˲䣬ͻȻЩڡ
Լô߷˵ģӦȥȷһ߷Ϣġ
֤ʵֻǿջϲһҪ˵
ֻǿûлͷ˴˿̣ô룬Ҳֻ˵ʵˡ
ˣͷϿ˴ү˶٣ִԤҲûδү˵׼ǿˡ
ƺĻ侲ˣͼױ̨ǰһ֣˵
һ仰û˵ͼѾżæŵش˽
ððʧʧʲôӣѵ
ȴ˲ЩһŵˣŷϢ˵Ǵүˣ
һ˲䣬غֶ˹˵ģ
ͱ˵Ŀ£˿ڿˮǴǱߵСϢ˵ǡ˵ǴүѾԺˡ
ԣ̱˳ȥ
¾ݴŴغ͸¼ԺУָһԵһʯŴصʯ󸸺ʹĸճ׵ʱµģ죬ʯϽʯкͯԴֶ֭
ʯȻܻһ˼顣
¾ЦֻҪ˴ӿռڳֻܹ˵ţȴһ㶡
Ϊ֣деʯƺǺܾ
룬һŲ̧ͷȥʱˡ
¾һŵͷ
ӶĲǱˣϣֺѾߡ
ׯʱʲôˣֻҲգؿŶ׿Ȼӡ
ǴбԼļ䣬ҲЩ˪һ۱ϳĳӡ
ݡס¾ݣһһ߲̫ˣľݻš
¾һ۵׳һƬȻ
Ȼܿ죬عֻرأӻˡ
һ·һأʧʹ
-

222 

ԼĪһ֮صĿŽȥ
ֹ֮һᣬصƽ
ʱ򣬴زſʼźۼشλĸȻóһۡԼ¾ݣ¾򳤵أҲ˵سҲ
ͬǣһָ߰䵭ˡһͷ׵ѩ˿ʹȥԽ
زֱȻĿͲ䵽˴ϡ
ǡ۾΢
ԼҶʵ̫ˣҪ˵ûйϵǾԲŵġ
¾ЩεǴأҵŮ
תͷֶŴصأĸ
ĸ캰
źԼΪŮвģʱ¶ǳЦԺӡ
˵ţϽһֻҪϡ
Ǵĸ͸ļ񣬿ɲ׼
ؿ¾ݣͷؽӸϡ
Ҫ˵ʲô¾ȴǿһԵֵ֣غ͸ȥԺһ䡣
ȻҪص̸ˣغ͸һۣû˵ʲô͸ˡ
¾ݽԼԺӣѾ߶򷢳ȥȻŶʵصĸ׸òɣ
ôܣ¾¶
ĶӣڵǡҪ֪ĳһõĽùŮ۵һӡ
֮ǰӲϿκͷ·ùĴڡ
ü׷ʲô£˵ʧ£ǲģ
ȻǼٵġ¾ݵԼȥġ
˵ʲôһ˼顣
¾ݿЦ˽ͨҷ֣ʹ಻ţҲֻԼȴû뵽֪ǲ᲻Ȼ㽫ץĿռ䡣ʱվ±ϣΣͷûж룬ֱȥ
صһǡôģ
ˤ˻ԲѣڵʱպѴڣһ꽫ҳ˺Уұ˷־
һ¾ݵҵҲرãҵһµ΢Ůûʲôʶȴɫˡ֮󽫽ʮҶڿռУǴأҿµõȵһοռӵʱпӳȥ֮ǰˡ
۾ɴˣǴǺӡ
¾ݵұҩôһξ˴ءĸһҲ񣬲ǳ໹Ը񣬶ҡ
ûΪ˴غżϸ˼һȴˣ˵ģǽҪΪصԼʱͲý͡οȻԸҶϾϵ
֪ӾȻ£۵ᶼҪˣ̲ססҵݸ
ҲΪѹ¾ݵҵ¶ҶȻĪĳ裬ǴصĴԵһСǱҵ۵㣬ΪصĴڣˡ
Ҳȷʵʵ뷨һ˶ԣȻ裬ȻصĴȴⷬòǺ壬ֻʣ»ްɳܵĻ䡣
ԣЩ⣬ȫͻǿĸһĶӣȴһ´á
ǿŮ㣬¾Էų˴С
˵ʲô˶ˡ
¾ݣһŵ㰢￪̡
ôܣ¾ݵСʲôʱƭ㣿
ǻûС
ʿˮǿŮ
¾ݵͷ룬иԤԤĳΪһŮܲĶܲȰҾ͵ҧһڣ
ǧĸԶӵĻҭˡؼǣ˵ԼĶĻ
ǿǿŮ
ԡŮǿŮҳ˿ŮĴĸʵ
¾ݵͷֻԼĶ̤ʵˣһ
òƽһЩĮ̲סһŹǸˣ
¾ݰֵģҲûŹ
֮һЩص¡˵¾ûдС֪Ĳ࣬ദ֪¾֪ˡ
صΪ˺ܺãȻģҲһֱشСѧˣһȺֵܣѧʱͽĴͿˣԼûǸԸȥѧöġ
ȻҲпģûг͢ϹġЩ˹žҲΪܵõΪҷ񣬴Ӵһʳǡ
УҲͽʿλһЩҿС
-

223 

㣬¼ҵʵһ˶жīѧʶֻҪþС
׼ȷ˵Ϊָԭһʵʵ硣
ҲΪˣ¾ݵĻضԴزûκβ洿ȳģŮ͸ϲˡ
¾ݿ֪ĿǰԴصϲɳѪԵͰݼڣһΪŮݡ
˻ϣκ¶û˼ˡ
˽ⰢĮʵĳΪΪֻҪŮͲл˼
ţԼܹڰദԽԽϲأҲպദԴġ
˫عϵι̵ǣ
֪ǴүĺӣֶǳƣľظǽԺķ羰¼ڲԵ˼ʹϵ˵һ
һŮүӳܵܺһáСùãֻһꡣָŸԺ¸ԺԺӣǴСס¸ǴүסЩ꣬´үѶȫޣҲһֱ¸󣬲մɨάֺԭ䡣
Щƣ֮ǰҮҮ˵ܵܣ˵ҮҮ뿪꣬ܵӦܶ಻١ǾȻͶһã
ֻһ꣬ǵҮҮʧǰͻϵģ
ֱ£ȴÿʡ
λүɻˣߵ԰ǶүͶ̵Ժ䣬Ƿ޶аһŮǱߵԷү̵Ժ䣬Ƿ޶һŮү̵Ժ䣬Ƿ޶ӣˬү̵Ժ䣬Ƿ޶ӣ÷ү̵Ժ䣬ȥ»飬ѾµС
֮⣬үʮһܵܺͰ˸ãλѾˣүֵҲѾּˣǲסڸסڸһֵլС
̫үϷЩ겻̫ˣסڶϽǵĴɫ԰С
֪ͷҪˡ
ǡʱغ¾˹
ҮҮ˿˹
¾Ӳ˲ͷĺô߳ˣ
ػûע⣬Щ˼򴽵̫ˡ
Ժע㣬˺ٴ׺¾ݽһ䣬ȻѾȥջǵĿͷˣԺסڼ
һ㶣ȻԤϣ֪ЩŲڡ
һԵص˰˾ʰԺסдѾߺСˡ
á˵꣬¾ݵôغ͸ס¸ɣ¸طס¡ѾСˡѾ߾ͺãС˿¸ԭеġ
صҲûöӲӣԼԼ˽⣬еķʸȻ˵ˣ϶˵⡣
ҪӸŮȥţ˹ݷˡ
ʵϣ¾ݻϢѾ¼Ҵˡ֮ǰûжһʼǴһ٣ȥһ֪Ļˣĸ겻ʱй
ԣ¼˲ŵڲų֡
Ǿݻˣûˣһѯ洫
Ȼ󣬾ͼһ̬º͵ŮѾߵĲһش߽󣬸һݸߵӢˣȻ۵ȴż
ŮȻϿҲӣظ˵;ԲСˡ
ҮҮصڵ
¾ݸں溰󸸡ĸ
ˣضأĸ
عԹԺˣĸ
̫ү̫̫ҪǰôһʱĿ䵽˴ϡ
⺢ӡ̫̫һ
¾ݵЦŮأʮ꣬һλŮ
ضû뵽䲻׳ը˾͸û뵽ˡ
ػãѾ֪ˣ̫ү̫̫ȴǽӶɴˡ
¾Ĭֵܸպøں綪һףʱˡ
ո˵ǿŮž̲סʵ
¾ݵͷ̫үصĿռ俪˰꣬ҽȥԳһǧĶ󣬻Ҫרҵ˲ŽвǼ㹻ĲʦŮռôҲҪרҵĲ߻ʦв߻
Ҫǣ󸸣ʮµˣжûǩԼģ죬ܴճʮµԼ
ôԤ׵ؽһ̫үˡ
ȵȡüĵⲻС£ڲ顣
-

224 

Ǹǲǵ֮ءȴʱ̫̫üڵ
ԣ˵Ŀⶼأȴʼɫģ·ûԼɷһ㡣
̫̫ЩҪ˵ʲôȴ̫ү֮ǵתҲ١
ȻˣүӵڶԶӵĲ
̫̫˵ʲô̫үĿ⣬ɽĻ˻ȥ
գүӷ뵽ⳡڲ˳ڡԼ¾ֵ˾Ǵˡ
Լų⣬Ƿǳ̹ȻؽˣϾԼ¼ˡ
ˣȥѾйؿڵ
ԣүӺ̫̫ûȥˡ
¾ݵɻСãʮˣʧٵڶġ
¾Ѿ˲ԣƺãﲢûΪЩָã
¾úܿ죬֮һʱ㽫Ŀ䵽¾ϣ۵Ǻεĺ档
Ȼȿˣ̲סˡ
˱˵ķжڣüֱеޣʵһֱôҿˣһÿ
֪ŮĪĸһӣؾͲ³뷨Ц֮ȴЩ
ĳӣ¼ҵĽ
ؿΪ˽һ
ǴأǴŮ˵꣬תͷŴؽܵ¾Ĭ¾У¾¾¾룬Сù¾
ùþ͹ùãҪ˵СùðһԼֶŮ¾;ϲֻȴܲԼҰĽܲ
¾òأ˵ʵ˵ֵĻǲһģҲǸɶõˡƤףһӶûУ˲øС
¾Ĭֵܣ˵úӢиķˣҪ¾ݱȴһġ
Ҫ˵ǰߺͺ߾ͨУݺ
塢塢塢塢塢ùáغЦһһˡ
ûԼСùã¾ʱˡ
˫ʶϣүӱ㿴صúӣǽռ俴һ𣿡
ص˵ͷһ̣ľڳˡʶ۾ȵۣڵĵطͱˡ
ǰһ޼ʵĿռ䣬˷׷׾һ
ռô󣡡¾̾һ϶ҵĴ󣬴ѵǹŮ
ȴؿڣؾҡͷܸܵȼѹƣŮ
Ů֮пռȼѹƵģܹڵԼȼĿռȥ磬غ¾һǹŮһǺŮڴصĿռȴ޷롣
ֻ˵صĵȼһ֮ϡ
ǿŮ¾ݿڵصֽʱһ㷴ӦûУ£ĸǸûʶģֻ쵽˻Ľ֣һŽָˡȻŽʵû⣬ˡýصҲûиܵ˿ʡ
߶ΣҲ϶ԼŮĿռ䲻С
ʵϣ֪ȷġ
¾ȴǿŮأĻɱɴ۾
ǰɣҲ̫˼ˡ۾
Ҳǵһ£ɿ¾ݵģ
ǧȷ¾תͷүӣ󸸣Ӧòµ˵⻰˰ɣ
үӳĬúռ䣿
Ҳԡ¾ݵվ߿ʵϣ½صΧǹޱߵĺ󡣡
£˶˼ˡ
ֹ¾ȴһֱҶһɻһҪ֤ɻ󡣡
ʲô¾
¾ݵҶ֪һֻܳΪһλŮԼܳΪλŮԼǣǩԼǸǩģýġ
˼ǣػܹԼ˫ݵĽүٿȻ󾪡
Ҳɫ䡣
ǴԼ̲ס¶ȣû뵽
һȷ¾ݵҪ֤
ô֤үü
¾ݿصأԸҮҮԼ𣿡
Ը⣬ҲðաزǱһӱǴԼƷ
ʺϵˡ¾ݵ˵ǿһ̶ȾͻӵгûеĵУνУǶΣڸֱֱֵֹѾץĿռˡ

˵Ĺע㲻ͬؽ׽˼飬
ص¾˵̶ȣҲԼˡ
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225 ɻ

¾ݽǩԼĹ̸˵һ飬ȻǾͿʼˡ
ɫ·ֳصģ¾ҧָһѪȥ
һ̣ɫ·ѪҺ˵Ѫ죬ţֱʧ
һ˲䣬غ¾жĪĸӦ
ˣһý¾ݵ
֣ɫ·ٴγ֣¾ҪѪȥһԵ̲סڵݣûоΣ𣿡
¾ҡͷʲôоûС
˵ˣ˿Ȼ
ȵѪɫ·ٴʧȴʲôûз
¾˫֣ͼֱϸһɫ··εƺһģȻϸͻᷢϸڴЩͬġ
ɹˣүӿʵ
¾ݵͷɹˣҵĲȷġ
ýû˻ɴزǿŮˡ
һʱ䣬˶˷
¾ȴڵ֮ǰ˵ĻʦͲ߻ʦõλ
˵үӵ̱֪ͨ˿ȫ顣ʦҲһЩǲ֪߻ʦĻȵһȣȲʦĽˣٸݵʺͻȥҲ߻ʦ
ѰСռԣֳǺ׵£ڴռ䣬ŮռܹһǴСĿռ䣬߻ʦȴǱزٵġ
¾ѵؿŮݣҲԿʼˣµʱԼ᲻
ԣүӵɫһڣҲǶӲڣ϶Ҫһ١
߰ʮˣٶһʮӣҲϱû⣬ȴϱģǵϱˡ
뵽ӶһɡֵܣѪԵһЩԶˡ
ֵܡ
¾ݵλǲǸ¿һ»ˣ
¾ҡͷ󸸣ⱲѾɻˡصԼҲָֻ岮ֵˡ
үҪ˵ʲôȴ̫̫סˡ
˵ˤʬ޴ˣȴúõػˡû˵ѣֻӻһ仰ûǸŮˣܿˡ
أûȲҪᡣ
үҲعζˣһ˵ý¾͵Ϊֹ⴫
Ŀ䵽ϣǵ޶
Ҳ֮𣿡̫̫ʵ
үһܱ֤ǸӲѵĲȥ߲𣿡
̫̫һҭ治ұ֤
үҲ̫̫ΥҪ֪Ȼ簮ӣΥĻοڲܾ۰ȴƻ˶ӻŮ̫Ҳպء
ӿռүӶŴһúӣϢһ£ϼҮҮӷ磬ҲǼ硣Լң㰲סšٹǳһʱýдϡ
عӦ¡
үæȥ飬ҲŮˡ
¾Ĭ˱úɣүȥɻˡ
¾ݴŴȥ¸Ժ֮סģΪĸһӣõĴȻ¸󲻵Ժ߼ܵһ㹻󣬱ϾԺԭ׺סһӵġ
¸䣬ǼȻ¾ݵģصǽ¾ݵĸڷ䡣
¾ǰŸҲסģǿˣûסĵԼѡһ᷿
ʰأ־ʹѾ߹ˡ
С㣬Ƿ˸ŵĴѾߣģ⣬˶ǴŮԺǾ͸ӡЦе
ļС㡣Ŷ쵰Ůؾص
С㡣ģҪЩЩֺСԲһЦ¶
ЩڵЦЦʵǸ˵һ¸Եó
ĵóŮͳա
ó˺ױ
һЩȣóļܿɶʵڡ
ȻԺ͸ó°ɡһʱҲ֪ôǣ
ʱ¾ݿڶѾߵǰʰá
˵꣬ŴȥԼ鷿
£ʲôɻ߲ĵطҡ¾ݶŴص
С
ؿʵҮҮܾ˵һԼ𣿡
¾һ룬ɻˣڵԼԣĺôܹõĻ֮⣬ԼǲõıŮץռġΪһΪԼǵõԼ֮ͬ⣬Լ޷ռġֻͬҪԼ֮Ҫ̫ԶܽԼռСҪǡ
-

226 ܵ

¾ݵҪǣ޽֮սʱԼ൱Ӷ˿ռê㡣ֻҪվڱ˿ռУȵռɢʱ򣬾ͻΪֽ㣬¸ѿռ䣬㽫˵Ŀռ䲢뵽ԼĿռС
۾⻹һ˵
Լɳռ𣿡ʵ
Ȼܡ¾ݵʵϣԼϵʵǽΨһľͨ׽ǣץռҲõԼѣΪԼͽǹġĴȴҪ㣬һЩԼҲˡԣһᾡľر㡣
ص˵ͷʾףȻʵ˵ܷŮԣŮҲūô£
ҴѾ߶ū¾ݵֻǵɷūˡ
ʵūҲûˡ
üֻҪŮ˾ͲȱǮôԸˣ
ȻΪǮ¾ݵһҵѾ߶ǳŮߴŮһĹ㣬޽֮սΣյĴڡռ²ġΪ̫̰˽Ĵռ䣬ܶ˶ᶢЩСռ䡣У΢ŮͺŮĿռŮͨϡˣŮʹŮĿռʺֵˡ
ƫƫŮʹŮǩԼȵ޽֮սʱǿ˵ȫûлֻܱ֮ˣȻҪѰӻˡ
ҵѾߣֱЧİ취ˡ
˵ˣŮˣõĴǺܲġңѾҲģֻмеĹŮܹӵѾߣСҸֻһǸڹŮߣȻմԵһЩԼռȼʳö֮ܵõӡ
ңȢ޲ȢŮģһЩôڣ߲ռȼĹҲѡȢŮǴŮˣѾ߾õѡ񡣡
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Сǣ
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231 

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Ȼ󣬴ؾյһԻѹ
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232 ն

ԥСæԼ˵û
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ԣһ̽ṫӵʣɿŮԼŮԼȴֳɵĻᡣĸ׵Լʺϲġ
֪ջǹŮԼһֱҵθڴ󣬴ɾӵͷҪҸŮ
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Сһϲ۰Ͱ͵ǳĳ׵ġ
֮ǰΪ鲻˵ݣͷԵģۣԼˡ
鲻ݾ͵鲻ݣǲǿ
ҲƹֱӾܾ˿ȥ¸һˣؽ
Ӧһȥˡ
Сؽ̲סʵǹﵽ¼ҵĻռҵģ
룬ֱӵ¼ҵģֽдأҳӵŮ
ʵûʲôģʵСΧһЩѾ֪Ϣˡ˵ӹӦðһϯģ֮ûôΪаţؽĿռٰ֮ϯŮƵǰ
С˵ͷȻصɴ۾
ո˵ǳӰɣһŵûǴĻĳӲѾʧѵǡŸӣ
ʲôϣ̲סûϵǰЩӴŴػˡ
СɻȻʣѾˡ
ĸʲô£ʲô˵صġɤ˽
Ц߽ĹС̲סվ
⺢Ӹż񳤵ʵ̫ˣ
˱Ȼúÿһٱ
˵أҲ̲סֵؿ˹
֪С¾ݵ˷˿һȽ޸¾ݵԼĿꡣǺ⣬Ҳ
СŴٴ˵⣬ˣȻЩ֪ؿء
ӦصԤϣɱŮԼʲô뷨þò˼ǻ뷨
Щɵǲżһ棬ͿԶ𣿡
˵ʵǸջиоġ
ͷһؾȫȻйٵĶһμֱҪС˵
ڣֻҪ뵽沿ͻ᲻ܿƵ¡
ֱּӵо볢һµġ
ǡһͶףǲеɶˣ
ԣزЦⷽ治ֻнӴĻᣬ֮òʺϲϲȫҪԼ
ڹŮȨ
زˣ治֪¡
鶨׾̸̸£˾ֱӷ֣
ãٴʵΣôģ
СҲһڴؿ˹
غСȵ˵ͷ
Ҿ֪Сĵǰ˱أһЦݵͻȥѺϢ𡣡
˵꣬ؿ䣬ʹѾˡ
˵ӡ
ضŴЦãʵ˲źദء
֪غЦ
ȴЩؿصôˣ
Щ˼򴽣Сúÿ
û뵽ֱӵĻشһºʵֻϲ
ĿǰҲֻ֪ÿǳǳЦģദ֪֮ˡ
ط
ձС֪ѾףҶԷӦ˵ʱ˶µġ
Ū˰ɣЩš
û뵽ڸԷݵȥףҾȻˡ
СҶˣ㻭һģһҪƯҲڡ
գ۾ҪŰԲŪġ
ЩţСʵӦˣ
ӦˡСЦеҶôÿСﶼϲء
ǰȻҪǰŵÿԺҲÿȫ⣬Ҳкܶϲ
˵һ仰뵽ˮЩͽӣɫʱЩն
Ϊϼ¾ˣЩ˳һҪһһ
Ǵ򵽿޵䣡
-

233 ²

ϣؼҵʱ򣬾ͿӴһԺǹźƽʱһǡ
תͷӵʲô£ԼԼ˽⣬⸱ģֱȫòľ˷ܵʮȦ֡
ϱˣ˵ǲǺ£СЦе
ϣһ㶣֮ǰ˵ǹˣ
ԳҲĵС
ϣĿһᣬ΢΢Ц˵˵
Сʱ˾㵸׵Ĺ˵һ顣
һʼϣЦģ棬鲻ɹŹֵǹ¾ݵŮ
ǰǰСһ˷ܵҸջʱ򣬾Ҫܸ´Ů׼ҶáʧΪֻܸˣ뵽ڳ档
֮ǰһŮУһһֱһӹ뵽Ȼ´ӵĹŮ˵ǲԵ֣
治Ҷӣ۹һãС̵ԺҾܽ´׼ҹˡ
˵ˣҮҮɫղ֪ʱԱߣСѵ
Сһ㶣̧ͷϣ쬵Ŀ⣬һɱ룬ϲֻ㣬޶ģ
СԲشʧһʱ䣬ڼ䣬ϣʼһô򡣺òװ׷ˣָˣȻ֣ѽҲҪ޸
Ҫ˵СʱҲûҡɣչѡϣ
ȻҲôһξϣ¾˲һļɵ
뵽ԼҪ¾ݳΪ׼ˣϣֻۡ
䣬˵ӵ˸¾ݳú
뵽Լһ¾ݳúĶϱۣһʼθ
ѲϱǷ¾ݵģ
һ֮Ħܵöڡ
Ȼʱв֮͵ˡ
ôˣᲮʣϣɫȥ
ᲮȴûзֵܵܵĲӭһ˵øնһѰĹ㣿
ʵϣԺߵĶ⵽ˡֻǺ֮ǰһûصݣֻ֪Ӧһ㣬Һܿǿ;¼ҵС㡣
ľ͵鲻ˡ
ǣ̶ȾѾˡ
СüǴ˵ģ
ᲮȻ˵һֱ˶ߣһǱҴ֪ģֻǲľˡ
ΣСЦҶӵĻ£ֻҪԼϲͺáҶûѵҪָֻţ
⻰˵ίʵᲮʵһһ׵⻰ͲˣϣҵļΨһĶӣϱδĸܹʾ֪δĵĸֻһ㣬Ц
Сһϣ֮λͲЦˣᲮʳӵ֣츳ͬҲͽա
ȻޣҵĴǴӴǾãûдֶӵĵ
պֵܣȢӲʧȥ̳ʸ񡪡ΪϣȢСŮԽᲮӼ̳м֮λ
Ȼֻʵǣֵֻܡ
˵ֻȢ㣬ǲȢޣ֮λҲġ
ᲮʵƤ˳˵ɲҪôǺҲһƬ⣬ҲǵĸģѵͲϣȢڵĹŮǴɩҵֶŮͲȻŮŮĵȼҲˣܱȹáϼףʲôõģ
յô˵ûе
ȴһҲˣȻôãǾôȢ¡
Ხɫһ
Сɫô˵ƼҪƸΪṩʳ
Ҫ˵ûƼǼٵģƼǹŮȻֻϣԸ浾ҾᲮ˵ģŮѾǷǳļˣϣɲôϵġ
ȻƼĸ̽һֱǴ۽硣
Ȳ˵Ҫ󱾾ͲҪǱҾˣṩǧ˵ʳҲǹ𣬵ƼҡҪ֪ƼѾ߰˴ûзּˡ
Ե֦ٵļʮˣĶҲͼǧȻƼǼ
浱ԩͷɣ
ϣᲮʵķӦȴ۾磬ƼǸŮǲʲôȱݣ
Ხһɫ˵ʲô
Ӧ̫ˣֱǴ˵
ϣɫʱһԵպСûзӦ͵͵Ҳ²£֮ǰû˵λƼҹŮﲻԣֻֽ֪ʱ򻼲²ȬһٶգȴԸԼȢû
-

234 ͬ

һСյɫˣᲮϵ亹ˢˢ
Ҳ¶ˡϣһƶ
СŤˣᲮʵðҾ֪ЩǸûģȴû뵽ȱ¶
һ˵ĻСĽԴʵڲó
գһȻôͣԺҲóṩʳˣˡҲˣ
ΪḮĵĸСȻΪṩʳΡ
Ȼڸոգ̵ˡ
Ხ۾㲻ŸΪṩʳΡ
ǡСЦ:ô˵ȻûзּңǼֵѾֲԭΪвҵ߳ϣģʣɲŸƽֵġүƫģֻһҵϣŸõĲ涼ǷģǵĲҵɶúõȨûУ
ǰүϣ׵ϣҲòǣǳԺȣǰװռˡأҪһŮҶӣ
ǰʲôĻ˵𣿡
Ȼҹ
˵ֱ꣬Ӻ˵ˣҽүߣ
ᲮʶûӦͱСȥˡ
ûˣСʱֱ̫
²ѣҪ֪Ůɻ֮зǲģǶȢƼǸŮһӶûӵԼĺӣ
ϣסӣοû£ȥˡ
һһ仰û˵ͳȥˡ
ȥģСʶҪס
ϣȴȥǳˡ
ӻСʱŮڸĸż۸츳ٺãҲɱ˺ܶƫƫǸ״ģֺãֻҪǲѪˣһʱͻԶȬҲû뵽ϲ̨£ܳһʱ䶼ûֶܵί
ȵ˰˾ʱͳָıˡ
һ˽ʮֵܸɷˣЩֶȻҪȥ״ʣӲ˵ܵί
ΪСʱ⾭յ֪һֱЩڳˡǿʳĹֲУҲϰһΪʽ
ҲˣЩֶûٱӵɳɳ
СǸƢˣһʼЩֶӱýˣùⲻȥˣʱʱȰһ
ոҲϰôһɷôһ˵㲻ˡ
ЩֵܵɳһûС
֮һֲ׸ֻ֮ҾͶ֪ŮӶһѰΪδޡ
ԣЩҲʵڲ񻰣©һʲô¶زס
˶ܿ۶ء
صҲңһԺ᲻޽һδ֪ȻŴʵűʵĲ
νŮĵ¸Т߸ûں
Ů˵ĵλֻ߲ͣǶԵµҲϿû˹涨ϱҪŵĻҲöԳƴӡ
ҮҮɫࡣ⻰ǷУ˵ģԼҮҮʮ죬ӹȴ˺ܴɫԭЩƵɫۿɼغˣ֮ǰЩ鸡ĽŲҲ̤ʵ
ԣ¾ЦⶼΪҳԼ
ģЩȡ
Ҳ˹
¾ݵ˵ͷÿܷı仯һڲĳҲ
˼ýĻȻͬ졣
¾ݿڵҵ˼ǣõȿռãǲǿؽʼǩԼˣ
ԭֱصֵģص¼֮ܵӰ죬ʼؽˡ
һֻǡ
ԼҲøݿռ
¾ҡҡͷ֮ǰʹˣ¼ұҵܹҲͰǧ࣬޳ϵĺѾ޽Լˣֻҡζᳬġ
˶٣ǵȿռ֮ٸһ죬ʱϵһӵϣҪæҡߣȵ޽ԼܹһûЩԼ
ȻѪԵģ¼ұҵ˶ԴȻҪġϵԼףҪһ㡣
һ˵صͷУͰ˵һһǸе˵޽ԼȻ岮ң幫ǼңɽԶһһ
¾Ҳ˼⡭
һ⡭
-

235 Ӷ

ŮѡҪôҪôȥطϣһգؽҪѡĸ𣿡¾ݿʵ
Ҳ˹
شס⻹ͷһ˵¡
һͷˮ¾Խ͵򵥵˵Ը⽫ռҹ壬ǽøƾõѪǻȡƸ˫ȡ衣Ը⽫ԼռĳӦƽգһʼû棬ͨǿƽȡĲƸ
ѡиĺôǰҸĺøУⷽߵĻһʼֺãʱˣӪõܻԶĻرڵطվȽŸΪһôҹҲ㡣
˶٣ô˵¾ֵ˵Ұ𣿡
һ㶣漴ͷҵȥҰչģ˵ضǿѰȴǴ粽ѽ˵Ҳֻڴ˼ҽס
¾ݵͷҰܴռ֮ǳΣգҲһ󱦲ءҹܹ֮׵ΪڻҰӵп󡣶֪Щô𣿡
ȴػشԴҰǱѰѪʢ߽ȥԼһЩѪʢܹġԼΪԶ˵ǻܹڻҰȦء
νȦأʵԼ罫뿪ȦĿ˽ˡȻһʧġĽ粻ǿб˹ķաҪϽά滻ģܶȱµĽǿ󣬵ȵ˺ϣͲһˡҵĽգֻҪʢǲĿġȻһʢңĽҲĳûûұݻƱػһӵϣֶʳ֮
˵ѪǷʢʵ츳ûйϵҪͨʳʳά֡һɻΪʲô׳Ůû츳СŴǱߣȴǴû˵ƽΪҵѪ߹츳ڣʵϲˡֻҪѪʢµŮо׳Ůко츳ȻʳӦ΢ŮͺŮƽտһӶûгԹʳȻҲʢѪѭ£Ȼ˲ŵ෴ȴѭ
ѡȥطʳգô󵱵ص˶൱㹩ӦʳҲὫһз׸㡣˰ԼȥҰȦأ׳㿪󡣡
ȻЩֻŵʱ򣬵ǧꡣǧ֮ĽһʼΪ˵Դ߲ƸҲ׳󡣡
ÿпŮᾡܵĻʱˣʧȥŮ֮ǲܰڣӶӭµĿŮ
Ϣʵ̫󣬴ػ˺ܳʱϡ
֮ĿŮôѡģʵ
¾ݸһ͵Ŀ⣬Ȼ֮ʮλŮ񶼷ֲڸǡߣûпŮ򡣡
һǻѡҲҪȥطϡ
ԣ¾ҲãҲã¶һЦݡ
ǵȻǲϣѡģҹӦʳȻһôô̫ˡǣܹ۵ĲƸҲ٣ڼŸͬʳӵͬҲӵǿʢѪ
ͬĴ¼Խڶأ
ǧ꣬ǮƶˣԵķȴûв𡭡ɲԸ⿴ġ
ǸȥӶ𣿡ͻȻʵ
޵ĵ˽⣬Ψһ֪ľСŴڵӶ
£ⱲʵûеӶ
Ӷ¾üطе㼬֡
һԵظŵͷӶ̫ˣΨһһûбŮĶǡҲΪˣӶһֱƽյҲûɫ
Ӷܴ𣿡գգ۾ʵ
ܴ󡣡¾ݵӶнʮĶ൱һŮռİٱ˵󲻴󣿡
ҪǣӶȻĶǣĶ˿ܶȵͣӶ˿ܶȴǺܵ͡ٷͳƣȥӶ˿Լǧҡ
صһ
¾ݵŮռĵأһĶصʳܹˡô㣬ĿռһǧĶԹһӶ˵ռвܶأҲֻʳ
ĿռٴҲ󲻵̶ȣҾãܹΪӶĿܷǳ͡
һź
ǿԣҲϣܹӶ
-

236 

ԹһֱûпŮѡӶ;طˣʵϣЩŮӶò¡
ӶĻȻʤһŰֽȫûо˿ζ޵Ŀԡ
ϧӶ̫˿Ҳ̫࣬ô˴⣬ȴû¡
üӶ֮ʺϵĶǾֻʣ궼κˡûпŮĶȻв٣Щ֮ǰĿŮۼ̫أؽȥˣҪֺãջȫȡ
ճŮĶǶܵõһѭǹõĻŮȻʵȴûô
һŮڵΪ˱֤ʵͻȨ᳷뿪ʱҪߴŮ
ʵϣŮ˸߼ĹŮҲ޵һСŮĹŮǻʧȥһֻȨģֻܼڵضǣǲ޵ġҲˣһӵпŮʱԳԱȢ߼ĹŮǧʱ䣬һǳֲĳ̶ȡ
һʧȥŮʹŮĶҪ·ʱˣҶֻܳԳŮŮռʳճʹõʳںŮġ
һԣŮİնʮֳ羴ŮŵΪĸΪ֮
ȻͬǹͬõĽҲ᲻һ
ԭģûгԹʳһֱһҲһٶգÿŮĹֻ֮Ҫİǣʱһж£ԶĹ
ЩõŮӹòԭƽҲʳһЩŮ߳ŮռʳİգõҳϾͻۿˡ
У¾Ҳҡͷ:궼˿ڲһǧңһǧңκһ㣬ҲֻвǧؽĿռ׶ǧĶҲ˵ܹǧˣѡǼǣǾ̫Կˡ
ҧҧֻҪؽĿռﵽǧĶǾܳһ¿ܲܳӶϾӶһֱЩ겻ֹһҪˡ˵ǹҲһҪֻÿŮռʳл߼ĹŮǺŮϼĿռܹӶҲһնûС
Ӷ֧Ӧòĳ˲ջʱֳһЩôǡ
ȿռ˵ɡ
Ḯ
նСץ˵ҪȥԼصĻ᲻ҳ
үҾһ̫ˣǲһһʯͷŲӵ
ü㡣
ʯͷҾ͵ͷűһ꣬ϤˣٰԼ
ЩίǲѾδδһȥ治Ȼ𣿡
˼Щδ÷һ𳤴ģүδ̿ɲżһ氡ʯͷ
һֱûпڵľͷүӦö´Сǰ¶ڵı飬˵³ɡȻǵչŮˡ
ղ㱻ҭ
ԹĿ⣬ľͷ鲻Ҳ´Сһϧ
ϧ
յʱ
ľͷޱҲУүǧŮˡ
죡޿̡
һߣʯͷһۣ죬ôͲ˵ү˵ģ
ľͷĬúӦ˵Բ𣿡
ûˡʯͷεҪ˽㣬϶ΪǹүԺʲô˵
ľͷ̱һû˿ί
ʯͷҴܳȥ׷ա
үҪȥĶ׷Ϻʵ
˵ﰡյ
ʯͷʱ˾үҸ˵һʼﲻ̫صġһãᱻΪû⣬ֻǮˡ
սŲ΢٣תͷ˵
ʯͷһ֣ȻڽϹ䣬óԵĺģ·һÿĻδһȥȻֵǮʤ⡣ȹһʱ䣬پ׼һЧͲһˡʱҸڽδԼ϶һԼһ׼
˼˵úе
ȻϣؾյһӵС⣬ܡɰӡľ֯СӡǹصƷóǾѡġ
صȷܿģû˻᲻ϲ˶Լġ
С㣿ЩôʵЩģδүʲôãЩֵǮá
-

237 

һС糵ڴ̨ϣֽǸɵı֯ŵͷľŽױ̨ĸУʣµġ
ԸģҸϻӳЩպá
ȥϻˡ
ȴǾһС㣬ṫЩǲ̫ʧˣŮĶӣȱʲôȱǮЩ⡭ҲǵĶԷԼС㡣
ҡҡͷ֪ˡ
װöװһӵΪ˹ȥ
СشϻӣһϻӵģʱЩʧ
Ϊյʲôء
ʯͷһ۱㿴Լү˼Ȱү̫ļˣʲô¶ˡ˵ˣ´СһóŮء
뵽ԼҰҲ̶õŮˮƽղĬˡ
šزĻҲˡ
ʱľͷϻӵģʿˮүԵĻ
䣬־Ͱѵϻӱһؿľͷ룡
ľͷһ㶣ŶҲû
¸ʵͦĵģһʼãص˼Ϥ¼ϣæŶԸ˽⡣ȺϤˣռǱߵһҪȲʦˡ
ȻҲȤйһβõľ֮ʱûĴ㡣
Ȼ㿪ʼԼǲѣ˵ľߣóĻ滭͵̡
ƺǴߣ¾´´ö¨һ
ǿУز֪ŲлǺӵġΪؼŮ٣λָߣһЩ˶òְⷽҵв÷컹ҪһЩѧ廨ȻҲûС
һʳסУ·ôҲʡˣгٳ󡣶ǻˣְҵҲǮˣûǮҪ
ҲˣǹŮǹ㣬ֻҪóŮ죬˵һ˲Ĳܡ
¼ҵĻƺ¾Ҳã´ú´Ҳãⷽ治˵ûҲᡣ
ز֪ǣ¾Ƕ⡣ԭΪҰⷽ»ǷȱһЩˮƽȴǱǿŵ巻ˮƽҲԳƵǳˡ
ֻʹȻȻܵһҲܿͶˡ
ֶ̹صŮˮƽŵ֮ûã¾ݾͱԼŮĻ滭ˮƽˡ
㻭ģĿɿڴؿ̯ɵˮīЩɬ
صͷϡ
¾һ˼飬㡭ôܣ⸱ˮīɽˮ⾳Զʴ鶯ԳƣǿҵҷԣˮƽԳƵǴʦ֮ˡ
ֹԼŮˮīЩĴʦֻò
ﵱȻ֪ǲģȴһ޹ѧõ̹ԼȤⷽϰñȽ϶ࡣ
Ҳ̫
ɣ¾Ҳɡ
Ҳֲֻ׵ɡ
һ̲סȫµĿ⿴أӣֱţ
ڵȵ淢ִصĵˮƽҲǳߣƵɶ칤֮¾ݾǵ쳣
ֻһȴǶһ˼
ؽҪѧ鷨𣿡¾
˵һΪ֪ľһֳڵˡ
Լ鷨ҲȷʵǳϲǱڿռʱҲ취һ֧ªĺʽ鷨ϰ
˵ªĻ£ˮƽӦû˲ġ
ʮ̫ˣһ˼ϰϣˮƽ˵ǰֻǵң˿һ֮㣬ȴǷԳɣзʸˡ
һ㶣Ȼǻдëֵģˮƽһ㡣
Լˮƽ¾ݵʱȴʧΪóԲҪѧǻ滭ԼˮƽȻҲ֮ؽȴǲԶˣȻҲ̲
಻ѹûôԥ;¾ѧ鷨ˡ
һͿʼóʵ
ƽûвУΨһڴģͷ͹ĸˡ
С㣬ṫӽʲôһֻһ˷ܵ˽
һ㶣񣿡
ǰһֻն̵èⶼǳϲĴֽѯһèҪ㡣㣬վϲ͸
ʵϣԭĴضͦɻġǲϲǳ̫ˣηҪˣִû
ڣ˼磬ز֪̹Ȼˡ
һ˷ܵؽǰС㿴ǲرɰ
һҲ¶˻ϲЦݡ
ֻȻС֪ʲôƷ֣ۻɫëͷһɫëֱȡ
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238 

ʲôϲ󣬴غʵ
ֽдóһֽµǵף߲ҶӺˮȵˮָɾͺˡ˵ˣ񲢲
ݸǾͺá
Ȼ죬Ǿͷһͷ۵¡
ԺֻѾСèƺܶСǲڵʱצȥӡ
ô죿ˡ
ṫͻȥɣ˵һ£
ɥҲֻˡ
һʼյ˻ļˣ֪Ǵزϲ˿ͬʱԼǰ﴿񣬿ĵؽ˻ȥ
ڴϰʱСʱһ죬յһذס
һǶűʯԼֵ͵ذס
ذһĻһšУոذԻͼֽԶġȻǶ˱ʯȴӻʯҲӰձʶȣ͸Ա
ۡذףɴ۾
ȻʱѾṫӶԼСһģĲģذףԾһ
˵ʵ֮ǰûֹλṫǲȽϿš
ؽذ΢΢۾ЦҺϲ
ϲذõñȽ˳ֵһˡοذҲ֪ôģԭʼĹգӲȺͷȴǲ
Ҳܼˣ߲˵⻰ʹʯͷʯͷָա
ģ֪Լ׼õ˵ϲ˼ˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰ֪Լذ׵ʱľͷ˵һˮĻ
°Ϳľͷ㵱˵ʲôţ
ľͷ鲻ֻ˵´С㲻ͬѰ
ϵǣûбľͷһͬҵδŮȻͬѰˡ
һне÷ǳ˳ձ㿪ʼһƻ
˵ʲôˡ
Ҳһʯͷ˵үԼȥ
طԼȻЩţЦ˵ȥ𣿡
ͷ˵ˣṫ׼ȥ
ԣص۾ʱˡ
һԵѵСǲһ´ү߷ˣ
صͷǵ֪ͨһǡȥʯͷ˵ͬˣҡ
֪Ҫճȥرʾּɣ¾Щӡ
˵ǰʱ֪ԼҰȻŮˡǹŮԼͬģҲɴһΪŭĻ档
¾ݵԤУŮٻٳҲ
˵Ҳе꣬ʱƱѾǸʱ׵˵ΪʲôͲ˵ˡ
ڣصݻûȥḮҲǴ⿴˶ո˴һǻ¡
ţԴؽȥʱĸСԷһɱϴˡ
صͷӦˡ
ǵڶȥʱ򣬴߳˴ģĸСˡ
һˣ̲סյߵڣòĸСˡ
͸쿴źÿûǣּߺɶףϾ͸˺ƣҲŻЦ֪ҮҮġ
һŴվ̲סֱβ£еһϻӵĴӳ˽ȥ
ֺĵģӶĻԵһ档вˮڸɵĻͺһ㡣
áӦ
ӣǾͳɡ
ʵͦʹһģʯͷ˵̫ˣС᲻˼ֻһˡ
ҪȥһλҹӿģΪڳ⣬·Ҫõʱ䡣
·ϣҴ˵󶼲֮
ڵ˵طŽӰϣվվ˹ȥ
֣ݸһЦַ
۴ջһվЩɿȻ󼴱ܵһǿģֻضȺţͨûʲôˣҲܰȫ
ص˵ͷ
Ƚʵ𣿡
ҡͷ
ҽ㡣ѹеĻϲպмƥСĸҴȥһƥ
·ˣԸʯͷȥԼŴȥǡ
ؽһֶնյ˹
ôпգȴк
ܴ˲пգϢϹ֪ͨġ
ɫһʲôϢ˲õԤС
ܴһ۴أյСЩֵ֪δ޹棬һ֡
յ˲
-

239 ޼

Ȼ֪ܴ˵ʲôֻɫҲµǷʲôõ¡
ôˣʡ
գסֵʲô¶ûС
ǰο˵ŷӦԼʲôʱˣ᲻÷֣ƿһȻһЩҲԸ˹뿪ߡ
˵ţȴûš
Ҳע⵽Сˣ촽΢΢һ򣬽Цȥ˵ͷãġ
ͬڴѡİɫĸյһƥʵĳƥëɫɫǺɫȴǺɫģرġ뺷
޼ʮʱҵսܵ޼ƢЩԳ֮˶̫ѺãСһЩ
Ļ䣬޼̤ǰյߣǵز˲ļתͷñӶ
ռֱˣ޼㡭
һ㶣ȻһЦ˳
ʵ޼׽⣬ԵĹϵ֪ʲôʱʼϾ˳ڵ׺ԶﺢЧ
ձˣͷһЦôģǵŭٿر㱻ˡ
ΪǳΪչԼûһֱǣŴĸпͷָĸҲ׷ϡ
޼ûԼԸȥһˣˡ
˲ûע⵽һȺ̽̽Եˡ
ǾṫӵδޣҲôһСﲻ˵
˰ɽ䣬ˣ㻹Ȳ˼һء˵ţ￴Ҽֵܻܵܵ޸ľɫ
žشеȣ۾ҲǱһֻǸ㣬ҲԸ⽫Ȣȥ
ǳעɫ¸ûн飬ЩڣҲԸڮˡ
ɫ̫ãҲˣ˶ŵûӣǱ˭ˣ
ԣɫһڣסԼͣ
˵ţƳ˺İӰһۣԷȴԴ֪ʲôûзעӡ
λɫȷʵѼһԵ丽͵
ΪǸӣҵĹӴ̸Ͻ飬Ҫ˵ޣҲûС
֮ԸǹЩСǼ˻ĴΧ۳Цһն棬ȴֵġ
ɫٺΣѩһ˭֪ǲǸݰ
ѩˣ֮ǰ۷׷׵λ׽ĹŮ
˵ĺѧƵġ
ڳҹӵ࣬ȴû˵
˵ʵڴ˶˶ԣȻ棬һʼ鲢ôáϾСĦгˣϵҪ࣬Ůֲк׷һδ̼
ǣӶߴ磬ٶȼӿ֮ĳ۳ҿУһôؽ˶
ԽԽãҲԭýˣڼԶľ뿴˼ԦĸNNNСš
ûע⵽Ľ䣬Ů̧ͷһ̣һĹɳ
ĸͻȻ˻һǰܣһ̧ǰ˦ʱ򣬲ջԶĹСǶסˡ
صķӦȴǳϵĿ죬ԥ㽫ŴгȻʧˡ
ú´ӿռٴγڰУҲһףƵĻһ˶С
ȻԤϵǣٴγڿռʱȴһ˵Ļ
㡭һصͷȥա
ΪƵԭԱķʽŴصġȻʱıȴɣǺ޽ǶǺ
һʼΪԼ̫ˣվ֮뵽˴̫ˡ
Ҳû뵽Լռ䶼һ˲䣬վȻҲܽס
ͻȻһ֮ǰǿҵ˻ʶĸķȥȴƥĸѾΪߵˡ
Ǹոյ
޼
պһ
æȥպñ㿴޼һȺĹСš
ṫӣйŮʧɫȡ
գϽǣãҹǵķӦһˡ
תͷȥͼձغϾؿȫ޵ˣһʵո˭С
ŲĸԵ޹ʷء
˵ʲôô֮£һŭ
տȥҵĺô磬ѵ𣿡
û˳Ҳûϵܲм䣬Ƕʰû
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240 ϲ

˵꣬մһӣȻ޼͸յһøˡ
ǳ˳飬̲סڵǲǲ̫ã
Ȼʱյ׿϶ǰЩСУȻҲ϶Щ޹ġ
ϾĿжʮüС㡣
û¡ЦЩ˾Ƿʰ
СѵͲ°˵ˣ
°ͣҪĻ˰͵ˡ£Щ˶һ򲻹ҡ
˵ˣʶԻԣתͷȥصı顣
ǸƢʵͦãһҲ꣬ҲˣҲ̫ܽˣԣ̫ˡ
˺ܴûбЦ
ˣյĻҪȷ򿪷ʽ
ӦöһЩȱ㣬ǰÿ񹲷ߣκԶ޷ֿȴһԾҲûУʾ֭͵ˣصðһһݡ
ǰδеĻڡ
޼ЩС˰ʱֱЩʵܲˣͣ⵽ǰһ͵͵˻
հĲӣģһ͸׼ϡ
رΪӦˣ밲޼֮ռߵȺ̱˵ĹСǰǺЦôûҪٱ𣿡
û
ȻյǾͱҲˡ
¿ͱըҩͰ
㻹ô治֪˭֣Ҫ֪˵ˣ˭Ը˿ڹ
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Էÿνĳ⡣
һۣȻУͨˡ
ϲ
Ȼջ˻ֵһ
ںҲһĶġ
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ţĿ䵽ԴһڸжûеİӰϣһ
˵ĻɫͻڰƱˣǸȴԼء
յⰵȥ
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һһ̣ɽһĺӶǼλŮķ˿üϾ͹˺˪һɪɪ
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ˣǻȥɡתͷԴأһģҲû֮ǰס
޼ͻǣַԸߵĻƸ˲ͣһߴŴسȥһ߶ϲĻ´ԼһԼȥò۵˴㡣
غЦá
̧ͷ˿ɫʱ仹磬ҴȥȻӵзưɡ
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üЩҲû˵顣ȻӾ֮һ
˵Ȼӳֲſʮ꣬ΪĺգʳֶŮռʳװ¾ףõ˴ٹ˵һϲ˼ֺš
ȻӵĶóһ£۸񰺹Ҳġ˵Ƶ֮һзưɣССһҪһӣ˵ҲΪ
Ȼӵ˭ȴһֱûжֻۣ²ȻӵĿɽǳǿ
û뵽վȻô׾͸һܡ
Щӵؿһ۶ˣ⺢ǲЩɵ
Ȼܿ׹ɵֻǶΰˡ
̾˿ı̸һԼĵʵö棬Է̬ȣȴҲɸ
ԵľǣʼǸ˳׵ĻԼӻ᲻
Ͼƺϲ
-

241 

һԵ˽ǧӣǴۣҲ̲ס̾
֮ǲû̾ߣС˲衣
֮ǰó츳̲סʵ
ˮܿյ츳ӦǺ¶йصġӶǵһϣЩ档
ȻʣΪջẬȴʵͷԣҵǲٿ¶ȣʱ;ˡһʼܶ˶Ϊ츳Ǽߣûʵԣʵ
΢΢۾µĸºͼµĵ¶ģ»棬ܶ档οܸҲãҲãﵽһֵͻῪʼȡˮݣⲻǶ˻ǶԶǶԿռ䣬ܹ
ȡˮݣ
¶⣬ҪǸʹˮˣôܳȡˮݣඳɣ
᣿
һ㶣ȻִĶɷۡ
ǶƺǽˮݶɹȻջУˮɹ״̬ˮӶﵽĿġ
Ȼջݴ֪¶޷Ӱеĺġ
ôڵ»гȡˮݵģ
²⣬ԥʵǲǲֹһ츳
һɲǣյ۾ˣôµģҮҮͰһʼҾȻ츳ϾĬһֻһ츳ġ
ȻΪԼҲ⣬οﵽٵ棬ûһܹԳ֮ġ
ĵڶ츳ʲôزʵ
Цеǲٿ塣ģĿռȼߣҳΪԼܹ֮ӽǻõĻޣҲıһӣ˭޷˺㡣
ķڱǿյ츳ȴпʱ
ޱ̹ϣǴؾĿǰ̸ֻûҪǳʲô˵Ҳ̲סС
׻ûǰй¶ԼĿռȼϾ¼ҶΪıΪһʱǵĲá
ҵȻ㡣գ΢΢Ц
Ⱥ˲裬Ȼ䣬ҹŮЪϰߣ᲻۵ˡ
ʯͷ˵ˣһΰԼɲϵ̫Űͻȥ𳤱Ļ´Լ˾Ͳôˡ
ػصңҪŽԺгӲԶ
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Ѿһˣ¼ҵĹȻᱳĲ죬ڹ£Ȼ˽ʵر⡣
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С˵ͷ
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鷿ȻһƬ˻ңǽҨˮˮ´ƽվڼϥˮУһĲ֪롣
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ض˵˽˿ռ䣬ˮأֱӽ˶˸ĺ
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ϽȰԼ츳ƺá̲סȤںֵʱͦá
ޣֵӰȴӡҪС࣬ΪպֵأҲӰ첻ռеճɡ
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ԣ´ƽĺá
´ƽЦЦ㣬ҰǱ鷳һҪҡ
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һԤϵǽˣ
弤ص˵ͷϴ۵׵ĺ棬ȴҡҡͷȲ㣬һһϲ
-

242 Ǽ

Ȼ׼ȴش֪𰸵ʱ򣬻̲סĿɿڴ
Ȼ˱Ҫš
˵٣үһ㵡
һһ𾪡
һ¶ЦݵΪʱȽϽóֻһݣǺܾ׼ؽĿռУǧĶңкԼռĶң½ǰǧĶҡ
˺ܾúܾãû˵
ү˿ڿˮû
û˰ѺΪռ̫һ»ڲˣԻĲһ붼û
𾪹˷ЩһذϢ
үӺ棬Цڱӣ¼ңҪˣ
֮ǰ¼ѾǧûٳŮˣڼΣЩҲùÿϣ¼ҴһΪ
ؽŴص֣۾ˡ
һ󣬼˲侲
¾ݵĻؽӶûˡ
ҿֹӶٽСӦҲû⡣¾ĬҰĲ
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үҲȷʵÿһʵҵ뷨
үӶˣ¾ĬȻ޻˵
ռĵΣүӿ
ӵռĵǳ˵½أƽԭҲ꣬ˣûѩɽɽּ˻ʺֵ޷ֱ󲿷ʳ߹֡ƽԭʺϸֺͽţشʺֹں󲿷֣ǳҲҵԤ⣬󲿷ֲֺﶼܹͶȥ
üôĿռҪٽɲס
Ȱؽլۡɣ֮أϾԺռĳլۡĲֿ⡣̫̫
ȴǿڵؽĿռΪԺ󷽱ջ䣬ǶཨֿȽϺá
ԣ˶ͦеģϾһ˵Ŀռ䣬ֵԵĿŮʮռˡ
ؽԼĿռʲô뷨ʲôҪ𣿡忴ʵ
Ҳ˹
ӦûʲôҪһжӷýȫһ㣬ϣʳ߲ˡˮࡢࡢ࡭ʳƷȫһ㡣ⷽ棬ӦñҸо飿
Уʱ߻ʦ֮ٸĿүӵ
ҵЧʻǺܿģڶ죬үӡ̫̫֮Լ¾ֵܾʹŴȥĸá
԰Ϊ׵ļʦҲ˺棬Ǹȥ֤ǩֵġ
ûг͢ĸÿ˵ˡ
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һС͹ȺҶﵣְλ˵ˣ֮¾ĬֵƽվڸõүҲûꡣ
¼ҵ˶˶İүӴͷһ·ȥ˵Ǽ
ôƺƵһȺȻ˵ע⣬ڷǰǵǼʱ
ǼڸóƵţʵҪϸõǼǿռĹŮʵڲ࣬СְʼûһǾԲҪ뿪ġ
¼һ˽ʱſϴ˯ķʸûʶǼǿռģ´ˣǹӲѲģ
˵ӲѲһ㶼µġǼȻֻˣа·ǵط־͸ʰøɸɾˡ
ڹ̬ȣһ궼и˽ţɶ̬ȿӲģ
֮һҲӲģǴŮǼǵġ
ŮǼǡͻ޴ŮǿŮ
˵֣̲ס
ֵ֮ص˵ͷʦոս˲ǹǼһ¿ռ˳һ¶
æҵҳһȴ֮󣬼λʦǩ־ͺˡиõĴǰȥʵؿ죬ʵϢ׼ȷԡ
õĵǼǱ򵥵ĺܣҲһռȼ¾¾ˣȻǼʦǰǩ֡
ţ֮Ҳûж࿴ȡһöľƵ˳ȥʱƣȺʵỻơʱƾܹȥ붼ˡ
-

243 ô

˵ʵ¼˻治˳㽫ã֪úʵ룬ҲֻȻȥˡ
ʲôãغؿеľơ
ʱûʲôã֮ȴдôġصŮͿŮܻһƣǰǱ񣬺ǰƵôǺܴģޣһŹֻС£ŹŮȴǷġƵã˵ʵѵġ
صɴ۾ЦӣΪŮǶϲΧתһЩôҲҪѰˣҲֻţϲʹǲֵܶġΪһŮİ¶ԹŮˣֻҪԵ޹ʣΣԷŶû취
رʾʶˣû뵽ɧ
¾ݵŮƱŮĻҪãҲҪΪһ֮Ʊ൱Ĺ£һҪúñġ
ص˵ͷ
һһ߻ؼңȴ֪ǱѾըˡ
¼ҳһŮ
ļٵģ
ƭ˰ɣ
ոǸյδްɣ˵δֻǸ𣿡

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ع˶ȥǼҪ¼Ϣ
ȨƣȻҲû취ܾǵҪ
ȿϢϵݣըˡ
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˲ˣֱ̫̫Һصҡ
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ϱҲĬʱҲˣԴ˻ԼԺ䡣
һ죬˴أ˵¼˶û徻һһĿŰݷã֧ףҲһЩƽƽҡ
λŮæһ죬ȴһԹԶûУһϵЦֹס
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£ղ֡
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ʲôϢü
Сʿˮǡ˵غǿŮ¼ҴȥռǼˡ
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ҡͷ
Ҫȥ¼ʣСɵô˵Ҳδ׼ңŲ˵ȥ
Щʧ˵ǲǲϲҰûǿŮ
СһϣҲ㰡¼ҿ϶ԼĴ㣬Ȼδ򣬵Ŷõ£ɵˡ
ʲô˵
ۡС˸۵϶˼ң˼Сɻû϶أҪ͡ǰˣصع⣬ֳôƯ϶кܶףɱ˽غˡ
ձأĻЩʱûˣǽһ
˭Ҹˡ
ӶԺ߳һξ룬С̲סЦˡ
صԺɷѾˣҪ¸ſ˸ͷԷ˵Լ֪
û뵽СҲǡ޽֮սôֲۣǵøϱǩԼʵǿ㣬ҲܷһЩ
ϣ΢Ц֪㲻ˣûйģ¼Ҳܾôôһ𡣡
СҲЦˣҶи
ǶиϣЦ
˵ϱǿŮǵĺôҲʳӦԺﶼһλŮţӶµúܵõõǧʱ㹻һ֧׳ܡ
Īĺôˡ
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244 ʵ

һ죬ϵҶˡ
ҶͷˣȻ³¯ĿŮʼֻǸҵĸ̽µļԳԱȴûнн档
˶ڵȣȸõĺʵҲ£òűֵļ˿Ц
ʵϣûǵ졣ڶ죬þ˹ʵؿ졣
𿴵ǼڸòӣĺʵȴСܹʤεġ
ԴŮ˭Ҳ
ŵһҺҺͺҵļԼͬΪһҵԳԱ
˫һ֮λĿͿ
λ¿ŮɣλͣòȻǾޣҲ˶ѡ
ɲСǻῴŮ߲ʱˡ
ȻԻһ£Ůһ¡
һλ׼Ů˭Ϊ¼һûӵ¿ңǵ̬ȱͲܲֻá
غЦͷλˡ
СﲻԣЦȻλһۣ²ɸп
֮ŮƧǻЩСȴƲˡ
˺ӡ˫Ȼˡ
Ҳɴֱ࣬Ӵһ˽˿ռ䡣
ǰޱߵĿռ䣬λΪ׵Ⱦ׼Ҳ̲סһ
мҼʶŮռģ
Ҫкˡ
΢΢ףһֻ̣ƴ͸зɳĸȥ
գգǺ棬ӦҲһ츳
Ů棬һԵ֮͵츳зѰ٣ǷǳʵõֻûʲôȴܹմݡʱǿʲôܿʲôֻĸȥȷɵռԵ봫ķϣܴռĴС
ʵϣǼʺʦģΪһ֮Ҳְ֪ܻҵ
ȴüֻɵôʲôʱܷɵռԵ
֮һģȺʶĿռжͻɿ㡣
ȻˣֻҲѾǰ֮ˡ
ȻλԼ˿ʼݽм㡣
赹Ǻܿ죬һӵظ˽Բ֮󣬿ȷ¿ŮĿռСڰǧĶύû⡣
˵ţȡ׼õƣһɺɫ֮󣬺ҲԼ˽ȥ
֮󣬲Žƽ˴أջǿľơ
еһѪǵѪԺһΣգǶӦˣҲ÷о
˶٣ֵ˹˽в䡣
ؿ¾ݣԷ˵ͷʾֻǳ
ȻˣرеһѪ
ƽѪգȻ֮ǰյЩת˲ʧ·㲻һ
õ˴Ÿӵ뿪¸һߣ¾ݱԴؽ˵֮иոĳΪ޽֮ս׼һޣŮԵж޶ԣŮ۵İӡԼʱҲпվʱ򣬾ҪԮˡˣڸҵĸӦʽǷǳбҪġ
ص˵ͷ
һʱͨúʵϢʹ
ƽն˵µĿŮˡ
ʱүһ¾ݴŴȥ˸ýж룬һóдõһڶڣȻǸϳȥ
ȻյҶܵ¼ҵһºǰμӸеĻ硣
𿴸Ҷ뵽ˣʵҲǸҵļһЩΪˡˣ˶࣬ôһ磬Ҳϰ
ͷ֮硢硢˽ʵᣬɲϼҴڲμӾϯӻѾµûгĺӣǼ档
ү֮Խʱ䶨һ֮Ҳġ
ǿԣϣһռ㹻ӡ̡ȣɴؿռĳ衣
ˣȥ̱֮㿪˼飬˶Լ취Ůռӡ̺硣
򵽿ŮռȻãϣҾͲǿˡչѣ̸˾Ҫм۴Ҷ֪ҲʱûɵӻƴŵŮķʨӴ󿪿ڣҪб˽ҵģҵ
-

245 Զ

үģʵǴصĿռóԤơ
ȻǺ£ԭ׼ǵǮƣҪصĿռ佨ȴǲˡ
˵ãöüѹˡ
¼һҵͷѾ᧿Σձ󣬵̻һЩġ
ȻĿǰ׽⣬үñȽԶ
Ҫ֪Ӷ֮ҪǮĵطǺܶ࣬䵽ǺܳһʱǶֻиûлرġǮûڵϣһһ˷ѡ
峤ԵĶ˵֡ǲաһλ˿ڵ
үҲ֪һ㣬Ŀռ䱾ټʮŮﶼһǺռ䡣
ǾͽҪ󣬲ǿŮռģŮռ͹ŮռҲСүӹϽҪ
֮ҪŮռ֣һҪΪ˽ʡؿе
Ҫ֪дΪʡǵӷѣͼ߼ǰѿռڵŨȽȵģɲɱȡѵ¡
Ѱ˿ܾÿռе½ҪλҪԵġ
Ȳ˵ܹʳҲΪɹۣҳʳȻʳȴǻȣʿɱ½ϵʳĸ̽
иش塪ԴؿռкΧ½صĸ֣޽֮սеȻϡ
ʲôҲû츳ĵ˶ԣҲܹڵ
һЩ͵ĺޡ㡢һ࣬ɱ֪
ϾռеȻ㳼ˣԽǩµԼҲе⡣СȷԼǾԲҵĿռģǲӾ˵ˮҲὫõĴ˵ȻûеġˣȻǴ˳
֮󣬱׻飬˵ǲġ
Ѿ֤ʵǿŮǰ£Щ׼̬һһá
ϻԺҪȡԼأᵱȻҪúñ֡
ռΪ׵ļѪԵȽϽ׼廹ʾֵĻѲ¼ҳǿ԰ŷֵ
ԴˣүӲûоܾȻˡ
̰ⱾǳЩ׼ڸö࣬ԺõȻҲࡣ
Щûпڵ׼壬ҪôûеڣҪôѪԵ̫ԶˣֲûмʺϵŮԼʳڵĺ󱲣øͻرȡ
үӵ缸͸ڼˣĻȴ۵ùǺ
ƫƫϼϱŮʹؿڲ顣
ڶӡôҪ»Ǳˡ
ĥĥؽӦǩԼүӿʵ
¾ӵ˵ҲиʮɣѰŮиʮԼؽĿռǴʮʮѾˡ
ҹв¾εŮռǩԼҪο㣺һ㹻ѪԵһ㹻ڵʡҪһ
Ҫǻ˳ΪŮһѡܶࡣزһûĸ壬ûиֵܡ˵ңѪԵģֻиЩͬĸ츸ֵˣ֮Щ壬Լƽˡ֮⣬岮úؽѪԵϵǿҲϽйĸǳ޺ãѪԵҲǿ֮ѪԵԶѾǩҪοʵˡһʲ㵫ѪԵˣҲޡǿ츳һ׼йΪԼģ¿ǧ
¾ôһһ˵˶о˲
ϸⷽȷʵܳԿĸһѵ岮ĸ;˾ĸȻиֵֵܱܵģ
ƫƫĸûСĸӶѪҲûУ¾ݵֵܣҲֳô
ֱܸҡ
ô죿¾ü
¾ҪŵһǶǩԼõýʵҲŮԼ
֮ǰ۹Ϊ˱¼ҵƣýǩԼֻ֮µĺ֮ʵԴýһ֪ԼԺɷͺ
¾´´ԺĺҲûȨ
Դˣ´´û֪飬¾ȴûΪⱾӦ֮塣
ӵгΪŮԼĻᣬѾĪĻˡ
Ϳүӵһ۵ֻ˵ƷŴģûƸ˵ġ
¾ӡ
үӵ˵ô죬ȻǶҶˣȵؽĿռ俪ʼǳճſŮռʳѪȻһʱһĺӡ
ѡصƣĿǳȥǩһѵ棬ǾԲܵģ
-

246 ɿ

ڴصԼô඼ٹһͲһˡ
иߵȼʳ¼Ժ˲ſ϶²һһֳһ硣
ʱ򣬾ܲٵˡ
˵ؿܻǧġǧ󣬲˵¼ңĺж٣
ɲĳЩһΪ齫ԼȥŪµȴûǩԼִԲɣ
үӵĿ䵽¾ϣҲǣؽѾδˡ㻹һأϽ㰢һ°ɡ
¾۾Բˣ󸸣Ҳ̫
˵ЦүһɫĶӸؽѪԵϽǵ׵ıܡҲ˵ֻҪĶӣ츳ԲһЩҲܳΪؽԼġ
ؽŮݹ֮ҲãýҲãԺԵԼҪ۾ɱѡķ
תͷӢýڣǰҰ⻰תǡ
Ȼֻеͷķݡ
үֿأҪʵԼܽ޸˭ҪӣĶӣʺԼˡ
؇壬һ˲䣬ͻȻЩ֮ʯ
治ǽˣү⻰ǺģҪ˽صļҳͲ׺һӶôء
˳ıٳıԼѡڶʮ
үӷˣȱģ꣬ǴղҲûϵ
ٴγڴǰѾǺü֮ˡ
㲻ˣͷɥģزʵ
տһۣǰûһɳġ
һ㶣漴̲סЦ˳
ô죿ǽԼ
붼룡ս֣һݺݵԺҪǸұˣұĿռ䣬ҲҰ˴
صĿռôԼûаܴ
ȴһգգ۾ˣʲôΪֲƧеģôôȻľ˵⻰
ߣӦûŮ˸ɷϲģϾһ֪ǲ׶ӡ
պҲǾڿռ͵͵ˣֻԼУҴҲˡ
˵ҳ󲻿УĿǰļֻҮҮͰ˶ˡ
˶ˣһֱҪΪӵԼʵҪЧ¸ĸ
ոɴͷҪȢȻǴҵģǲܱĵġǩԼ֮ģҾܹͨĻϷֱ
ֲ
Ϊļƣȴһ㶼᲻֮ǰһɷ˵Ļֻ˵Ұ˳ȴûܶųһݻҲǿɰˡ
İɡЦˣѻ£Ǳˣһ룬Ǳˡ
˵꣬;òˣ˵˺ֻδ޶Ƿޣ
һ㶼ûзĲԣ۾ؿ˵ģƭң
ƭ㡣˶٣ζֻǶףԺܲܳ׻˵Щˡ
նʱգ˵ֻܼ޸ңٸ˶ףҾͰǶܡ
ʲôٸ˶ףܺͼˡ
˵һ룬ɵˣɣѵĹŮмδ򣿡
㲻֪տֲϡ¡öŮУȷһδģ˭ľ͸˭ס
ͣǶԷԸȢֳɵñӰ
˶ⰡڻǰߣǲԸҲаһףûнԼȨġյ
Ҳ̫ٵˡ
ȴʱյҽ⣬һʱܸǸ
˵㿴ûбҳúÿˣʺʵǿҵҲûУһôϲ㡭Ҳֻܺһ˳ףѵбҸõѡ𣿡
⸱ʵ̫ɿڣ̲סչȥһڡ
յʱˣһ˲˲ؿŴص촽Ҳһ𣿡
˵ˣʲôʳˣҵȻֻܡ
ŶЦе
նʱȥ
ȥ棿תƻʵ
ԣֱһۣ۵״΢ɲʵĿռ𣿡
òŰҵĿռɣؿЦ
ȻǡûڿЦææ͵ĿռӦøտʼɣҿܰ⣬ⷽҺоġ
-

247 

رΪ˵ǻֻҪռĽڣȻϵǣⷽȻĺо顣
Ҫ౴ϺзЩʵϡŹֵ֡ɺˮĸЩ֮⣬ֲҲв٣ҲܺԡһֲʺΪʳʳãҲΪЩʳ
ʵһ󱦿⣬ɺֵ֮ǣҲͬ߼ۣ˵ʵļ۸񱾾;Ӹ߲¡
٩٩̸½ʵǱȽϺýģǺȽҪע⡣Ϊ൱һ̬ȦһһԽϽ㽫ջԽ󡣡
ռ²ôףҰ취
ԣؾܾͲˣ¼æ£ͲƷˡ
ϢʱȣǸҼ⣿
⸱ѹģ˿˿Ҫη壬ȴ治ɫڻءǹϵˣȻ⡣
˵ԼھǺ⣬¾һҪзֵһ죬ɲϣΪǮƵǣ塣
¹̬ȶʱվơ
ƫƫôû취Ҳǰ֮£ֻ˵һ£ԼѡӦòɣ
صţʵЩΪѡ
Ҫ˵ΪԶǣԼѡȻ󾫲࣬ƫƫһ޽֮սҲʮʱˡ
ʱǿܽԼҪʱ㹻ѪԼѡҲΡ
Ҷڹ¼ѡ
ص˵ͷǲ
¼ҳ϶˰ɣĿƵؿֱ˾֮·˽֪ˡ
زɷ
ƶҸ˵²ΪӣҲҳס
Ϊʲôغʵ
ŬԼԵ֣ȴɴŵСŲ֪ȻԼʵȴκһԼ룬ھʹ޵ˣȵǩԼԼʵȻսǧʱ򣬱ԼҲ޽֮սаĺô
˵ػĶˡ
ýټ֮һ֣ǵȵ޽֮սУԼսԲκһŮ
Ȼˣȴһɵ¼
նʱЩɥ
뿪ռսͻ¼ҡ
شͿԱһӲŽȥƺߣڵƿӿ˹¶һǳЦݡ
Էһȴǲüͷ
һúƯŮӣȻ֮ػǲһЩģԷʤԼᣬʴ޺
ִ۹ȥǺôһʢ
ֳʵһҶЩ֮ͬֻԷߵ޺·ߣƶϧЧҶءչޱĻ˵ŸɾϾһ㹥ͶûеԼ˫ʱضˮʵ˫ֱۣ;ĸκ˶̿·޿ˡŵȴ˾ضпԡ
Ҷرﲻһʵһټᶨˡ
λŮӡزԷΪˣȻҲòȡˡ
⼸¼ҵķÿʹûٹֻŮҲ֮һ֮ǰûŹǱȽԶˡ
ȻʵϣصĲ²ȴһһ
ôʶλˣԺ·ϣע⵽ĹŹ֣ؿʵ
ʶ˶٣ָĿڵʶʶҡ
ر⣬ɬı飬ȴʵ˭
ûĻλӦĸ⿴һ۵ĸвүıá
ôô죿
һ㶣漴뵽Ǵˡ
֪٣Ͻҡ
ⱾĸҲӣɴ̫̫õŮֻ̫̫СҳֻһŮ̫̫˱̫үеԼһңҲֻǸСҡˣλҲ̫ãˡ֮ǰΨһŮҲǲй¸̫̫¼ҳģ̫̫һǽŮһġҲˣү÷󣬸Ҳܺá
Ȼ𳤴˿ռΪŮ֮ľʹˡ˼޸ү˼ƫƫүһֱͬȿûŮ֮顣
ȷ̲סʵ
ԼҴҪôףĸܸһӸף
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248 ɵ

ȷȴһ϶ҰǲĴѾߣүˣû˱֮ôһˡ
û뵽飬æ
⣬ү⣬̫̫Ҳ⡣
غĸΪʲôԸȢ𣿡˵Ů۰
ү⣬̫̫ܻпȢ𣬱Ͼĺ۰𡣵ǡһڽһͷȣֻһŮүΪҪ̳м֮λȢӿռȼƱزܱ沵͡ҪȻĻͻӴʧ֮λȡ֮ˡ
үŻмģ֪үԸȢ֮һʱ䡣Ƕʱ䣬ٰ̫̫㰲οŵȻһʱ䣬ƺҲ֮ǰ˳Ƕθ顣ǻᣬ¸˶ôΪġ
ǾʱүԷһˡֹ˰꣬үͷ˶סڼ䣬ȴ֮ӡ
ЩŤҰﵱƣүֲϵҵʱϵүͷ˺ܳס
ôһضûˣֻǡ
üȻ󸸲ûڸ϶ԴĸңΪʲôӣѲɴ󸸺ˣ
ԣıЩӵ˵¸үйϵү˶Ѷϡ𵱳ôֵˣȴԾɱȥΪŷ˺Ϳ̫ү̫̫£ü޽ҵĸ
˵ҲǱӦң֮ǰԭѾӣ޹ȥ֮һŮͱ֪ڲŮ˵壬һӶá
㣬ҵĵλܲȵպŮֽʱ˳үϣôү»ԼԴ˹ҵĵλ
˵ȻǲԸģԲֻۡǲҲǸģʱֱӸ̫̫ͷ˹ˣӦܹǰǩүǲϲܹԼʱ̫̫үˣ˱ٲԸ⣬ǰ£׻ǴӦˡ
˶٣ֵһܺãǹŮ˱һʼϲҲܶŸųλһ鶼ûУ
үһȥֻһ˻˵үˤ¡˵˺޲ޣԹԹ
˵Ƿˣ̫ү̫̫ȫĻȥе顣үȴȫˣΪүΪ⣬ֲˣ˰겻ͼ޵֣ң̫ү̫̫ͷ˶ûȥμӻ磬үȴǱȥμˣһټ档
Դ֮󣬷˳ˣүϳԺԼ
üǲǡ
⻹ò𣿡ⷭ˸۵֮ǰ׻ûϲҲû֣ңסŹˣ϶ȡԼˡҪ֪ԼȻֻһ޽֣ҿһŮ
üĶӸҵѪԵӦѾ˰ɣѲӵرã
ôܣߺŵġ
ƲƲ˵ĶʲʹˣҲԼġ
صǺ棬ԼҴֻķӦ
᲻ֱס
ʵ֤ǳ˵ĹĲ˳ʺûеġ
ؽ㿴ܲƸ֮ЩֺõضԴص
ؿʵ󸸸ĸ𣿡
ĸ϶ͬ⡣֮ʱ˵֣Ǽʺá
ؿĿɵû
λ󸸻ǡѹִĸʧ͸
Ǹ󸸣ҲΪ⼸ɵص˵ֵ֣ʲڣ츳ֻĶӣڻԼڱҮҮҮҮ¾һҲǵҵԼ
֮ʱڨڨǸǸӾǲ£ֱĵջԲ¡Ѿڸġ
ڴؼЦע£֮ԽԽ˵ȥˡ
󸸣ʵûлڸĲ𣿡ü
֮ʱȻ¶ƣ֪ãǡ񵽵װȻһÿ˵ˣһҡ
Цһ󸸣ûǺ⣬ΪԼǣϹϵˣԺȻ󸸣ֱˣ
ҮҮǰȻ𣿡ȴʱ¾ݴſڴ
-

249 

غ֮һͷͿ¾ݷſޱվǶ
ݣô֮һ顣
¾һ˲˲ؿظ֮ǰΪǰȻģ
ȻǰοĸԼʮֱ꣬һһĿŮȫǳֵ£Լ˵һ£ʹһ¡
æǰס֣ҮҮѹ
¾ݸŮһǳЦȻһ֮ʵҮҮǰҪǲҪ
Ȼ㰢Ҫ֮ԥ
ܹ˵⻰ȫġ
ҪҪ֮ʡ
ȻҪ֮Ծɺԥ
Ծһ֪޾ģ֮ǹһĨЦݣֱŴصֵߣҮҮš
ȴҲ֮һˡ
ŶӵıӰ֮¹֮иһƬֻš
ҮҮϲˣЩǵؿ֮һۡ
֮΢΢һЦû¡
Ҿô󸸶Դĸ㶼˰죬ȴǲ֪ôλ游
֪֮ʢһŵǰĸǴȸһûмӣҸǶܺãرģƢҲáһȣֵ˽˵ϲȻ
صֻǷֲذˡ
λ游Ǵʼͻ̫˳ˣǶ̬Ҳ档
˶԰׵ĸʮֵĻ˵ĸֻķ֡
Ȼ֮԰µĸֻа˷֣˵ĸȴ֡
ƫƫԻЩᶨЩǷǲ֡
˼ֻ⣬⡣
ˣĺѣֵܣ㶼ãİºס
գ¾ֻ̾˿֮ǰҹң˵Ҫ֮λ󸸴ңҾܾˡ
ŴϵľȣЦǶʮǰһὫ嵱ԼοԼļϣڣѾҲеˡ
䵱ϼ󸸴һ£ҸԸⱻֳȥ
Ժ󲢲ףԺҲжӣΨһĺӡҶԣҪԲȼӪ壬ҸΪ㻤
û뵽ԼҮҮ˵Ļ
ֱʱʶԼڶԷԣĺҪ
ôʱ¾ݿڵ¼ҼҵĶŮԺҲܸסһһء
һ㶣û뵽Ȼͳ뷨
治⣬Ŵִͬ˵סһ𣬵ƽʱסԺ䣬ʵûִôࡣ
䣬ԼҮҮҲʲôദˡ
Դүӷ֮󣬴ؾͿʼûпˣĲ˵һǮֶҴͽռС
ͬʱļλ߻ʦҲɹ㱨ˡ
үļλ߻ʦӵԼרó߻󻷾ģó߻ģó߻껷ģó߻ƽԭصģó߻ģó߻ˮġ
Ǹóһ֣Ȼپ۵һ𽫼ݲ߻ͼϵһһ䡣
õǰͼֽƵǾƾ
˰죬ûҳһ㲻ĵط
Ҳ֪Щ߻ʦְ̫˻Ҫ̫ˡ
Ȼ߻ͼֽˣôռ佨Ҫʼˡ
ԽԽԴռ䣬ĹҲͽ˿ռ
Ҳæɻˡ
ǲ֡ЩǲͷɵģȥŹͷۡˡȻûרҵܣŰשɳûġ
һʼڿռɻ˻ֻмǧˣչɼˡʮˡڼˡ
ЩУ¼ҵģ׼ģиҵҲ˽
ϣ˼ŮԣпյԶռɻˡ紿ƽСĺӣҲڰһЩܼ顣
һ׼ȻǮڳȴǼΪġ
ҲΪ˼ӿȣ¼Կʼж̹
Ȼ½½Ŀռһ
Դˣ̲סüȵԺ󣬿ռĻ˭ɰ
⻹򵥣ոպùЪϢԵ㲻ҪȥӶ𡣵ʱӶİճĺģòǮܸеġ
˵ˣԺ¼Լ¼ҵ׼Ʊػ᲻׳ټԼ֤Ŀռ׵ġ
һҲǣʱ˿
ǡʱһԵ¾˵һҪ͹ҿʱˣϽȥ
-

250 

Ӧһͳ˿ռ䡣
ߺǰεһӶһۣûУеȴЩḻ
ûüһͣؾʹһŮӽ˿ռ䡣
һߵĸĲ߻ʦѾǰʵѺұһ
ȥǱæˣҲûȥϹ͡
ʵϣͶŻ²ԭΪô򵥡
˵㲻ܽһԸ˵ýĳĿǸһˣͷԵһʣ¡
ˣҪѡú򣬷ֵصͶ롣
СϪЩˮҲͬĵ
ͼֽУռǼḻģҪĶУû뵽ĺܶණҲС
¼ǰһ죬ռ佨˲ʮ֮һΪᣬ־һͬû֮ǰæ̫չˡ
ᵱ죬ĿǣҲ̣һӶûķͷ
ȻҲּɾˡ
ҲˣΪΨһδҲܵ˲СĿ
ܶԭЦһδ޵ᶼ˵ˣĽҲ˵պǿ϶еġ
ۿ˼ҾҪɻڴˣԼѾ˸ô¡
ǰμӵĹŮ͹Ҳ٣бЩӸĽʵĶǴˡ
˼ңñƯռǴ˵֮ժˣ
û뷨ǹ¡
Ȼ֪ǰ;Ȼģ׼׼ⷿûⷿſ¡
СҲǴ⣬֮ǰϿ˽ȴ˵躢ûߣҪڣȻġ
أ
Щ̫̫ʱϼֱһд֡
ߺߣҶӾǻʶ飬и·˰ɡ
û뵽ǣؾȻⳡϹ¼ҵ
װõΧİϤ˵ףأԵؽил
Ȼ˽£ȴ̲סصĸҵĿռС磬ʳӦ
ġغЦѵ֪Ҳ֪ռʳ֮ǰĹӦȻ֮ĳҲǸ룬Ϊʡ
ΪŮռ󣬾ͻܵˡȻһģΪӻΪӣ¡
ǰҲûпŮϱ˺ţ˽±ҩ˵һһΡλŮѹ޷Ĩġ
䴿Щ⣬¼ҳģǲʾ˵þͻв۵ΪܽһǴӴǶúôء
ز֪ص뷨Ҳܴλĸϸܵ⡣
ջص¼ǻʱڵظıǳüۼӰȡ֮Ǿ
ͷѩ˿ѣû˻ɥ֮ʹж
û뵽ǣβ˶ʽȷӶ»
£ԭ뿪Ŀһء
Ǵز£Ҳǵ˺˯
ڶһ磬վˡϧ˯ЩʱѾһʱˡ
ôôˣ𣿡ֵ
ǵöԷߵʱʱҲˡ
ЦҸһö˵ţֽʯͷ
ʲôö
Ҫʣһ̾ʹסˡ
ǡϻɴ۾ʵ
յͷһֻն̵СϻҶһ²ŰץֵġŵĿռȳˣ޽֮սҲһս
ʵϣѾˣ취һЩ̸
û뵽ôһУգգ۾Һû˵˭ռ޵ġ
ЩŮ˵Сյʵ޵ĺôȥˡͲ˵ΪսϻƤǻЩó߼۵ĺöơʨʲôģѵõζʵߵĻҾҲôߵݾƻܽⶾ
һ壬ⶫ治¡
ԭʵµģʶĶˣҲ˷ֿ־ˡ
ȻҲ㲻ϲˡ
ߡ
ǶߵĶҿذ״㶾һЩʵõǺҪֶġյ
ҡͷռﲻֻҸԼҪ޻ãܹһߵ̫СһСĺһߣǺֱ롣
˵ˣȻ÷ԣУ취ŪЩûжߣִ͵Ҳͦģؼʱܹ䲻
-

251 Ϭ

غ˵ʱһĸȴ˶С
Ȼ˳ԷʱͶԴҪȥԡ
һ㶣֪ΪʲôͷˣʱüߵɽֿɱСŴǱҪΣյöˣץ̣Ҫץ̣ȻҪĸޡ
֪ڵ޽Լ֮ʵ˴ȵ֮ǰ˵оԼ࣬˶̥һ㡣
Ȼػǲܵɽȥ
ȴһֵҪȥҲֻܰˮһ࣬һҲ١
ЩΪѣһԵղ廰һȥɡ
ôҲǴӣҪֺֺõģڴǰˢһ±ֲ֣Ϊء
Ҳûͬÿ²ԼȥͷӦˡ
ռչʱ¾ȴָ˵һ¡
ӹռ䣿ˣֲ
֮ǰҲֹһ˵ŮĿռ䶼ḽӹһֱΪָӹһֹϵݣһʵΪ
Ȼ¾ݵҪ޽֮սбӻŮĿռ䣬ƱҪһЩֶεģǵĿռ䶼ռΧǷǳĲ밡ǿռ䶼䣬ıӻҲ
ôһͷˮ
򵥡¾ݵ͸ɽȼĿռһֻҪһͷͿԽռ
ȻҲֺõ¡Ǳ˲Ը⣬Ҳǿơ
üǻԸ𣿡
ȻԸ⡣¾ݵ¼ұҵĹǲӻѾ߶ԸġǱߣҪǢ̸
̲סɲǸС̡
ºܼ򵥵ġ¾ȴûб֮ǰռ䶼ǻƶģʱ˼һ£һԾܽ꣬ռ»ǺҪġ
ڵ޽֮սУÿ޵ĿռսйɵģŮǵһսߣŮŮŮŮŮŮ΢ŮҲ˵ռʱǧһԽпռ䶼Ļռ˶ʱһĸӹռᱻãܻᱻҲ
ĿռܶǺǵȲĸλĺǾͽóǰߡ
صͷ
˵鷳¾ȴֻʱͰźˡ׼ֻҪǿռ仹ûиӹ˵Ůѡ˸ӹء
¼Ҿ͸ˡ
վǰŮӾȻжʮ
˵ŮԵԶԶԵ𣿡̲ס¾ʵ
Ͼ֪ЩŮӲȫЩҲռһ롣
Ϊ˺ܶ𣿡¾ȴҪԳԱ򶼲ֹ
ұһãԳԱȢϱ֧ȴһƽպãȢϱıȱȽǡ
ĬȻ
ûʱԼã֮ȴʵһǳ׵顣ֻҪһͷЩռ͹ԹԵˣС
ҵ£ȻĿռԼռΧռݲ͸ģ໥֮䲢õ˽ַ
ռԼȴ鷳ģϾûȡɣֻһһ
֮ǰƻģȸǩԼǸѪԵ㹻һˡ
󣬾ѪԵв㣬ʳڵˡ
ԽԽ˳ΪصԼһһơ
ҲΪصԼ
ز֪뷨ͷءΪΪԼ˶Ѿǩˣһܽᣬû
ȻԤϣ¼˶Щˡ
үҲûԥҪҪԭĸҪ󣬵ҧҧһ޽֮սʮꡣʮ꣡ʮûܴʮԼٷŵҪҲ٣
˵ˣȻû
Լʱ£˵עַŵǰӶϡ
үӵķܼ򵥣ֻҪԸ⣬˶ȥ֮󣬼岻ܰźˣҾԣĻãҾƶģǾֻһдͷ
˶ҪóԿ׼¼Ҳˣ
е˰¼ңЩ׼壬ҲЩˡ
֮۾ʱˡ
ȻүĿϬƳһ۵ǣҲϣ￴κһ
ףĴڣЩˣҲȥ˹ռ˵ġ
ҮҮ̲֮ס۾
үӿһ۶ϱεطֶϱĿһ㲨ûУ·ǸӺɷŮӴӲڹ
-

252 ɴ

Щ׼ԣܹΪŮԼȻĺôܸȥӶôȴǰߡ
Լ൱ڡӽ˸ʵǿĺôǱǺʹؽܵõһƫǺô
ȥӶȻЩƽһѵʳӦȴַͨʽǮͨǲӴǶʳӦ
ңԤǣڽǧУӶһٷչڡڼ䣬ڴصĹ£дŮ䵮
ЩŮǲ޵ģܹȢЩŮֻЩŴȥӶҡ
ȻǾԣŮ㺢ӵļȷʵҪȹߺܶࡣ
¼ҽһһ°źãѾ׼ǰӶʱһߵСȴǼˡ
ûʴأСɸֵ
ҲίѾŬˣǴؾǲϴӦ޸ҡ
ɽ꣬ȥĸ̵λˣӵĺøֵˢˣȴһɶûУ̬ȱᶨˡ
յӡȷʵܺãСŴĹδδɷ÷һͺģʲôΪ룬Ȼûвĵط
ɵСһ۵˭ˣǴҲܴӦ۾ͲһһٵôشӦǸȥӶ
˵ҸҮҮҵò࣬÷ķ⣬͵ŸȥͶˣСҲûаڶ
ӣ˵Լһıųȥûпǹ
ӿסСҲˣԼȥ¼ҡ
һ˵ҲЩ¡
˵Ҳûж׵ķҸſŮطȥҪô˾ͿϲˣҪôұס
⡭ԥµһȣؽ
Ҳû뵽СȻΪţûôԥȥȥɣ̫үдԼˡ
ɴӦˣС۾ˣŴصĿֱ͸ϱˡ
ȵһߣ̲סŮʵ׼ˣ
׼ЦԼ˵ģûбɫˣûһҪȥЩ档
ЩձŷֺǣһҰһϻӱʯСһţϣԵӦ顣
˵һûס
ڵ׻Ǽֵڡ
Щûģȷһ뷨Ⱳӣ޸ˡ
Ȼ⻰Լ֪ˣɲܸգܼ˵ֺء
ĴӦˣһŵؿС
˵ʵɱ׼ˡ
Ͼ⼸СʯĳĻÿ콫ԼͷʰùˣָССַ֣ȴûͷӦ޸
֪Ķˡ
ӦܸɴʹӦˡСһĵҾϲӣҪ֧֧ҡڲģһ濴ϡ
һλõػصԼԺ䣬תͷʯͷľͷ˵صϲһǲϲң
ʯͷЦү˲ĸŮϲδ̿϶Ҳϲ
ľͷȴһֱ´Сܾϲү
ʯͷɴ۾һҪˡı顣
ȴϲҲðҲбúÿˡ
һܣ´СֻҪ桭Լүľͷʿˮȴ˵ﻰǻйŮ»˺ҲԸ׵𣿻´Сء
ʯͷۣˣľͷ϶Ҫүˡ
Ȼû۾Ҳһȭͷϵ
ֻǣСŲ֣ȴľͷɰȻһϵһƶ
̧ͷһͼԼүһصľͷ
ҲûΪľͷһתȥˡ
˵㡭Ͳܱү˵ЩĻʯͷľͷԹܽѵ˰ɣξˣ´϶Ҫүͷ
ᡣľͷͻȻڵүȻƢãߵ˳ҲûĴҡ
㻹ʯͷ˸۵Ҫ֪үĺãͶ˵Ļոգûү鱾Ͳ𣿡
ľͷһ۵˵ûүġˣܵһү˵ʵġ
ʯͷ㱻ҭҶүûʵˣ
Ҳ룬Щʵ˵һپû岻ү
-

253 ϲԽ

ܳţպܻܵҲȥһ١
ˬһЩ˦˦°ˡ
˷ʱ裬Ƿӷ磿
˴ԴһԲ
Ҳûָܵõش˰ԵúܣǱ֪˸ͨ籨ţƱҪһٵġ
˵ԼλźƢȴɷߴͰһ˳ԺǾԲҽģڷһһϡ
ڽϣֵֶֻû˼ȻعʱԼѾߵ¼ſڡ
Ҫ뿪ں溰
ṫӣ
ת־ȻľȻǴصĴѾġ
ӣЩڵôˣʲô
ʱȷʵˣʱ䶼ʱˡ
ֵؿһۣȻСЩֲҩȥҩࡣ
ԣһæʵϻúõأôͻȻˣ
Сæ࣬ģءĻش
СüҪȥ
ǣһȥҩ࣬һ¸
дšǾҪȥӶˣǼĵСŴģдԼʱľԼǰӶôǹµӶ͡
ôˡոһˣЩȡ
˵һ仰Ϳһۻˣô𣿡
һ漴ЦأҪȻҲ᲻ҩ˶٣ȵȣҰдꡣ
дŷãѾһ¿ˮϡ͵Աߵһʱˣ̧ͷæ˹ȥ
ϽȺȡ
ؽһڣЦôʱˣ
ԣյһʵǲǾ͸ûҳףһ棿
һ㶣ЦһȻ۵׵ʹ࣬Ļʱ˻ȥ
ͻȻʶ޵鲻ͬΪԼڸȤʵĥ
޵ᱳ£ԼԽĸûаȫпԡŽˣȴڽ
Ϊʲôô룿ɻ
մ֮ǰһֱϴӦȴͬҼҸȥӶ
ûôϸ˼¡йһߵˣǸľͷСˡ
ǸС˵ӡΪԷֲܶ࣬һиݣرĶ࣬óˮ
ƫƫ˼һ治ǹˡ
ŪԵɣһ°ͶյҪҴӦҲУȴӦһҪ󡣡
˵ԼԿ£ŮȨΪѶԷġ
زߵղʲˡֻҪһط⣬ͨͨPASS
˵Լû˾أϱӣȫǡƭ顱
ԶӦеȨֱʧˣ
˭δֿɰء
ʲôյ۾ˡ
˼ͦãᴿȴЩǳ֮ǰø⼸һҸ־ϲ
ɵˡ
ΪҪɱһֻͻʲôġ
غһۣò
ϲԽ˵ǰһӶá
治ʲô£ϾڶԴһǰƽûٸ;ϲ
ƢãҲģġұТ˳мƻԵģǶʱӵģͺʱض㡣
СǣûԵʵġ
뿪¸ʱǽһϲ̣ȥ¶Сһ˵Це˵֮ǰϴӦҵ飬ǲΪɹ֮ҾͲˣ
˻شԴôܻ״ⱲӶԴغõġ
ľͷ䲻ʵǶ»𣿡
һ㶣漴һǸûϣȹʱ
ǾҪȥӶӶԲ١ûһʱ䣬Ǳ´СȢˡľͷٴε
㹻˰ʯͷ޿̵һѡ
ľͷƳһۣԸ˵ˡ
˵Ķ˵ˡ
ȴǿ޵Ķˡ
Ǳʱû룬ͷ룬֮ǰضӦǴһϧ̬
ǵʱԼʤ׷˵׼ܰѻڸ
ûڣҲܶһʱ䷶Χ°ס
ˣʧʱĺûᣬҪ»ھͱˡ
ǿˣضӦҲģϲŪҲġ
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254 

ᲮʲŻصңѩͼææӭüͷԺǱߵĶ̫ԣˣǱƺڴ
ȷᲮһ㶣׷ʵ
ǧȷѩɫѿС˿СĿⷿȥһ飬ҶˣС⼸һֱ޵ܣҲʱƹ͹¹
ƼǳľеС𿴲ףȴǸʮʮƼˡ
ŮֱӶռ䣬Ҫ̽סȻСͬĲҵ̫ˣҪУƱصȽҵźá
˶µˣҪ¼ȥӶ
Уѩ͵վһҪԼȥӶǵóѣ
ᲮҲȥҮҮ
ȻϵǣһΣǵȴûһԥ̬վߣǺһӶȥȻǺõġ
ȻƫģļȻż˽ģ漰壬ȴġ
ǿԣȻϣʮһܹȥӶ
СĻһЩļӸ϶֮ͺĹˣ϶ǰͲøֵǳ׷ּҡ
ߣӱֻ¿ŮδɷԸ϶һȥӶѾǺˡʮ¼ҵĽǶȿԺû¼ҵѪȥȫռ˵ģȻ⡣
ˣһ䣺ǶƲȥӶǾʹլȥɣܵլۡڵʱ򻹺ãǲȴס˵Ͳ̫ˡ
ʱҪ޲һ¶Ů֮Ĺϵˡ
ү뿪Ხʵ׻ǲģȥܵܣ޵öлҪϴҵȶӦȥӶ
ᲮҧȥɣҲðֿ¿ŮաǶһʮҪѹ޹ˡ
飬ĵܵȴǶˡ
ƲƲɵ˰ɡҪǶȥӶո¿ŮûгףһҲܽ˷չǼһ֧׳󣬾׳ֺ£ɵӲŻȥƻȻΨŮ֮һΪֻǸŮǻȥƼҵģڷһֱӣҡ
׳ڼɵġ
һŮҲ˵öԣ˵Ƕֺ˶ɩ¼޲ļ֮λǰһΪƽȻ¡
ҡҡͷյĻԲ˵Ļ
ŮǶֳ˵ҲίģᲮʸǺˡ
СҲ̬ʲô㶼ҡ
ΪӣСĸ˵ʵͦġüҪȴ漸ϸ׸סˡ
ţߵʮһֵҲ׷ױʾ¡
ǣСǰֻд󷿡ķ巿
ǵҪСЦҵҪǣ˼¼˵ˣϣǰǴϡ
Щ岮꣬Ҳǵ˼·ˣˣǿھ͵ҳ˵ǰ棬ǸӰյĻ£ͱҲ
һĿɨ沵ȵ޽֮սʱҾԲӻǣ෴Լѵǿռ
ϻ浱èˣ
ѩ漸˱һ⣬СĿռ丽ӹˡ
ֻǣС˵زǻ治ˡ
ߵľ𣬴ȴǲ֪ģÿ첻ڲ鿴ռ佨Ľȣյֺá
Ȼ󣬼ʱ䲻֪͹ȥˣѾ˳ǰӶӡ
Ȼ
ôˣĿɿڴ
Ŀ֮ĽֵϣǼˣҪܼ־֢϶ˡ
¾ݵŮԣȳ˳ǣҪռɻģ֮ǹǹأǶ
ǡʿˮ֮ǰۡûô˰
Ϊ֪¼һ͸ôкٽļֶˣȴģ
¾һ˼֮ǰ˵ֻǱҵˣ˹ŮԼģǸҵϱԼҵѪԵˣܲܲùŮԼԼɣ
ߣԼҲӺǹŮȻҲԼͬҲǲҾҲͬĵҵĹϵ̸ڣǣ֪֮
˶٣ҲҪ˶࣬ӶЩԼֳɵķԼΰԱ
ϾûпŮӶпŮӶǲһģǰ߲ͽٲЩʵǿķͽע⣬ߵĻû㹻ķͳΪ˵Ĳվˡ
ػȻ֮ǰûôࡣ
-

255 

ȻһţүӾôؿʼһһͽռ䣬ԭЩ̡
¼ԭӶЩ̹ѾˣԿռĽ̲ûӰ죬ϾζŮԼ
ЩԼǴļҾ죬򶼲ֹ
үӵ˵Ȼϣ¼ֻ˱Һ׼ǰӶ
Ȼʵϣ˵ңЩſŮפڵطңҼÿһ嶼˸ֻٵ⡣
Ȼп϶ʱͶǩԼֻҪĻ⣬Ʒصȱݣ¼ұҲֻһֻ۱һֻۡ
֮ȻȨƵᣬֻҪܵһδҲö֡һҶҪģܲӲˡ
ǳ⣬ܵȵ⣬ǲֵܷ
֮䣬֮䣬ˡ˽Щ֮£ϲ
Ÿ·ʱ䣬үץʱڼ峤ŮһЩҵ˼άʽΪ׼
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һ侲ܷ޽֮սάǵ棬ᵽ档
ǳʵǺҪǧ꣬ǵʳĸ׳ıҪڡˣô룬ϾԻ㹧вĴڣҲᾡľүӶŮҪߣСﱻŵ㿪ڰο
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ӵһۣүҲЩ飬ǸҮҮ˵Ҳԡ¼ҺҲ˻Īĺôǣ㲻ǻСʱÿЩСҼҵģֻҪľͺˡ
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¾ݼԵЩ˻ᷢĵάĺ¼⡣Сؼʱ̣˵׼𵽴ô
Ȼ
үӻлҪ˵۽ȴ̽ͷ̽ԵСӣʱЦˣҾͲദˡ
˵꣬Ų鲻Ը¾ݳȥˡ
ô棿գؾȼˡ
ߵȻ㰡
ü㰢Ǳ𣿡˵Ůʲôã˿Բڿռ·ŮȴǲеġΪռƶҲռ䣬ǾԶԭء
֮ǰҲЩŮӽĿռ䣬ȴ¾ֹˡ
ҲǴУز֪ޣһŮ֮ǺܼɻͬԽԼĿռġ
ԭ򡭡
˵޽֮սУûֹڲˮԳ֮䣬Ҷܼɻ佫ռ̹¶ͬԿ
Ȼ£Ҳ졣
İɣҮҮŰءյ
˵ţ򿪴ֽȻһӣҡ
ˣģҪ֪ӣˮҲ޵׻ǱȽעʳºܶŮڿռһЩݳƷͨܶ࣬ٲۡ
ԼĿռشǶֲʺϽǲ߻ʦҲ߻ôĹ
ˣ߻ͼֽϣشйҲֻռСǺҡӡӡ»ӡȸɹ
Ͼʱڼֵ۶ԣɹˮ˱һڱ棬ˮԼ۱ȸࡣ
ȻȻСģƷȴܷḻҲϲܵġ
ӣҴؿռҲˣ˵Ҫܹҹ
ҰռġյһҶϲӣңҰռӣ˲٣ҹڻͬʲôʱ򶼳Եõ
һӣʵ𣿡
ؿһ۵𡣡
ˣҰռﻹ÷ǶȻֱӳԺᣬ÷رúȣʱҴһ𳢳յ
áغЦ
һ·ߵĲֱ߾룬һʼΪʲô֪ǴϢ·Ͻռһֻûеλˡ
ΪʲôֻЩŮףֱҿŮףŴһ뿪Щ
ص֪
ŮռĶҪŮռһҪִʵĲôһʽ𡣡
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256 ִ

ʵϲֹ
¾˵ˣŮԴزȫȻġ
ԵĲ˵ֻӶ£Ůʡ
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ûչɲȥ
·ǵӶʱѾºˡ
˳ǹأԭռԶˣһ⶯ȻСˡ
ܿ죬иþܳӭˡ
Ӷһ֪пŮҪ٣ΪһֱûпŮǶⷽȫһ֪Ǳ߹˽Ůٵ˼˵һõ֪Ȼĺ£Ȼϲ
Ǳ߹Ĵ˵ָʾӶߵĸһѾڳڸͨ档
ǵ֪ȻܵõŮĹֻһ
ڽܹҪĴۣǵõЩͲʲô
ˣӶοŮĵ
֪λŮĿռŸոտ㵽ˣûһظûа취ǡ
ȴҹΡ
ֻǲ̤ʵȷԼΡ
ˣǱڳſڸǵǼأǵİϢˡ
ص˶û뵽̣ЩնֻԶԶţûдʲô
󣬵ȵ˶ǵǼǣǵĶ鿪ʼڣ̲ס궯
ˣ
ˣ
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һ淶ĺؾ֮ͦ˼ġ
ô˵أǸоִЩ˿ӻǡ
ؼһ㶼ûԼǵԾ
һʼǺȺͱ˸ǶӸʻӶյԶ׼
İӹʵҲ¾ӵһ˿̲ס
˰ɡ¾һۺͨɫȻҲ㾫˿߹΢Ůռġ
һԵ¾Ҳϸһܷ֣ȻֵͷݽҲ㷱һۿȥ΢ŮռŮռģżܿŮռͳŮռʳ
Ȼ˵ǶӶʵԤϣҲ㲻ʧ
һ·Уõ˴ȥӶΪ׼ĵƤ
ǵĵƤǶŮطˣǵԼģֻṩƤ
ƤȴǷǳ󣬱Ͼ˵ĻزֻṩһˣЩ˵ġ
ӹɣԺӶĵضΡ
Ӹõõ˵ͼֽؾͽ˴ˣֻ˼
ؿ˿ͼֽطǴ󣬵Ҳ˰١
Ͼһпǧˡ
ڳ֮С¾ݵҺͰչμҲһ¡
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𿴳νƺֻڴһ˵ģʵϲˡʣ߻ȡöӶôԤģ˽ʣΪһ˰칫
ĻƤ̫ˡü
󡣡ռҼĿŪһҵ֣ǱڴҲΪ˱ڽռĶۡߣĵطҲԼסˣŷԺѵͶıңԼԺӦû᲻ӡ
Ȼ˵ˣرҲûоܾ
ϾȱǮʵ¼ҡһӣԵңٱǲȱǮģ֧Ͳ˵ˡ
ΪûӰһҶڿռɹġ
ڴؿռĸۡѾòˣǴСסǧ˰˸û⡣
ԵĹŮ͹ռҲиۡǲȥ¡
ʵϣҪסռҲ¾ݺ͸
ʵϣ¾ݶסؿռȥҪ
֮ǰΪ֪Ҫۡڿռ˴ĽĵģȻէȴ̶ܹ
ԭǲģȻȳͼֽٸͼֽ֡
һ·ĥ£֪˴ǵҪˣᣬλֻʱͽͼ
Ȼڶ֮ǰȴ¼ҡ
СЩελҲ֪ҵӵģʲôزסԽ˵ﲻԣ¡
¼үӣٲҲм־н
漸ʾżǼ˽¸˵ѾӦ飬ĥţԺ³ˣסڶ֮ĵط
ҵ˼ǣ⽨Ǯܲҳ
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257 

һ˲䣬¼˶ˣʶһԵĴء
Ӧ飿ô֪
˺ܴסӵıܣֻȴغˡ
μˣǸоǱų˽һ
ǣԳ۵׵ɻԼ΢Сķȵ˵ͷ
¾ֻǰһڣоĶ⡣
϶ԣصȻЩɸ֣ȴܿͽˡ
鼫ˣ̲ס̧ͷһۡ
ȴֻˣոմؿǵͷˣ°ڵ˫ǰǼǰ϶ˡ
Ҳõ¼ٸضδˣ
ּ֮Ľ棬ҲãҲãΪûг׵ᶼֻܵ塣
һ¼ͬҳǮҪϵǴء
ɲһŷд֡
ԴˣСϣʾû⡣
֮ǰҲѯʹŮסĶ
ΪŮԣǸ˺ͷסһġԵĿŮɷԼסһ飬ùųȥס
¼֮ôɴͬ⣬ΪǴĴճףǿǳԿˡ
Ҫ֪˵Ϊصķң֮ǰչֵʱҪ¼ҳһġΪʱ˻ûжһǮû
ҳǮ¼һ㲻˼ҲûС
ȻصԺ̫̫Ƶ֮ǰۿ׼˲ٽģô
Ǽ򵥡үֱӵǻҪҵЩĿҵ֡
ƻжࡣ¾ֹ֮ǰ׼Ŀɲ١
Ǿңǿ϶Ҫ¾Ĭ
ȽĵƤҵֵĵƤؾͿʼԼԼֵƤ
Ȼÿһ˶еģƱҪסڶ¾ݾ;ܾˡ
ôֻҮҮܾһ㶣󸸺Ͷأ
ǲס¾ݵ¼ڸһƬԺҾǷֳˣյҲˡ
˵һ䣬Щҧ
ضˣҸջûгףҪסһˣ
ڲŷӦ¾ݰһ۵ܲڶ֮ٽһլۡİɣܹˣ㽫㽫ŸϳȥûҪ
ҵȻû뷨æҡͷ
˵סһ飬ҸסԺӣӰ첻
û뵽ǣҲҪƤˡ
֮࣬ǺܿͲµ뷨ͷӦˣֻǡ
ʵ뵥ҪһƤǸǺҪһģ
Ҫһ顣Ҳ񶼳ˣסһδǺ¡ѸĵƤҸھӡ
û˵ǣܣԺкܴҪܿܿӹֵǼһʱסһԺҲҪֵġ
ͬˣǽǵĵƤڶԺҲ㡣
ĥŽ¼ҵĵƤڶĶ棬ǵĵƤͻ档һϵε໥֮Զٺòˡ
𿴾͸һҪ֪ĹģȹʹҲС˶ˡ
ʱȴ֪ѾӶĳſڡ
ӶôǵĶȥݶƽǰǶ飬ü
ʵϣ֮Ҳ˿ϲ֮ɫ
ܴġݶϲ˵Ӷԭûҵģǵʱ򣬿϶յۡ
ϣ˰ɡƽ̾
ȴʼûпڣżֳ
ԣѵðֵվš
ǮСվߵæǰ
ôˣü
ЦЦƣҳ͸͸
ûʲôط治ĵ
ģҺء
γϸȰŽĿռ䣬ǮСĿռֻ̫̫һڿռסʱؾͻ
ˣ˵ţƽæһӵ·˳
ʱ򣬺ϵĸҲ˳Ҳռеϸ˳
ϸȴǲϵ׳·öӷЩӲϸҲебһ֪з粡
õǼǣҪϸͽռ䣬ȴϸܾˡ
Ҹһ˵û䣬żֺȴܼᶨ
˲ͷá
˳ǣǰԴҪĶǣһ˶Щ޴룬Ǹƽ͸̩ӲͷƤʼ˴
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258 ʹ

ֵΪҪصϢף˸·һʣ͵óԸˡ
ʵӶһˣǸС֪λá
ˣ˺˳ҵ˶׼ȷ˵ڶеĶ
ǣһȺĿȷ߹ڽй̶ǰʵ
ʶڣҲԹһþн
ǸݡԣǴأ´ء̩Щŵ
ǲȥҴأִӵƽգҲֻиˡ
ڴص͸ݣ¼ҶⲢûҲΪˣҶٶ֪һ㡣
ҲͬоСȻ˽ҲԣԴݣǾԲ˵лġ
Եˣǰ쳣¶˾ѿ
̩˵ͷǸأǸģһԷµǵ֪λõĹϵ²ǳ˵׼ֵܡ
ӵڿռſռû취ϢֻܵԼ
ǰ˸ջҲǶĿռ䣬ȹȥΣ
ƽЩԥǸأҲ𣿡
ԣյ̬ȸˣҲڴصĿռ
֮£Ӧ֮ǰ飬ȥջջ
˰زŴӿռͱո֪˵ˡһʼţҪôЦҪôðǰ־Ӧûִ¡
ǣһˣ˶ˡ
ݶ˶ˡ
Ƕȴ˹סأ޵ݶɵΪοǲ㱻۸
˵ʵµġ
˵֮ǰûע⣬ӦˣӦǴֵ߸ôү̻ж嶼ˣ
һĻֿ˵ı飬ʱüͷʲô£ôˣ
СŴȥˡǮСٶܵСŴ֣뽫˸֮Ӷȥ˵ҵĺӡ
һĿɨһֵܣûһˣ˿
Һø󲮹ӣƽǻñץߡЩ˵ïƽʵӡҶҼ˵ˣïǰӦǣѸƽ̩͸ϲ͸峤ҵʹ
۾ȻϹģȴҪȳЩ˵󣬵ʱһƬӣ˵ģȴˡ
صѾһԵĸɫҲûõȥ
û뵽黹ֹ
һȺɱǧɥҲ㱻˵ҲǺˣ
޵ñʹѵ¶
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ϲЩε´̥ǵá
ȴǶˣŮֵۡ
ȷʵˡǹģʹһʼ˵ﻳˣȴܴ󲮸ȹӶѪȾˡȥͿʼղˣû̩̾
˵ʲôܣһֱӦܵѵȴĽѵ
Ǹ´ĺ޹ġ

˲񣿡زŵ
Ҫ֪Ů޵ĵλһߣǰɴû˵˸ԴŮˡ
˵ҳһŮǲŸšƽڵ
ץŴصݶǿŮһøﱨ𣬲ܷŹˣ
ѵõģ˶Ļû顣
ǮСҲǰݶ㲻֪ߺ󲻵±ڵСġǻˮǱģһиз磬Ǹ󲮣ǲ롣ˣ֮ﵽۼҵлſ̽ͷ̽Ҫ֡дŻ֮ǰ˶ֻ޲ȥϸͬھ޵µʱʱһһ˰ˡõţһӲǴˣһܵͶ㣬ϣܸһٿߴɩҲǲĵġ
ۿǵûá
˵ôһ仰ȴˣһ˶ԣԼӣԼĺӣбʹ
ڼ˵Ҫ󣬴زûԥʹӦˡ
ǲᣬҲ֮ң⡣
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259 

ˣЩڼط˺ЩŰȰοá
ֱʱ򣬴زŷԼһЩ׳˶࣬˵ʮ
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øȥ˰ŷ䣬ؾȥ¾ˡ
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һ㶣Ȼһŵôӣֽ֪ˡ
ѵýˣ
ô룬ͼһɬ̺ͶĻ
һ漴ˡ
࣬ǮСûкҪֶǻӻˣôǮҲ
˵Щ¶ǳġ
ЩڵҪҸ̺ͶдǷɣȹϼ£ӦþǮˡȻСҲ٣ȴǲġ
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áҡͷѾдǷˣǮԺֵܻ
˵Ӧģ֮ǰ£ӵĵ׻м
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תͷ¾ݵ˷õĳͷ
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мˡüƽ˵԰ﶯֵĶǼˡ
֮ǰ֪£ȴüͷ
ŮȨģͬ£˺Ů˺ǲͬġ
¾ȴİɣֻҪǼ˲ǹŮǾͬҪΣ˲һЩҸλһ涨ǿռĳǹ鸮еġ
˿ʣǾҪҮҮøõ˶ˡ
ңֱ˸¡¾ͷһξܾҪ
һ㶣漴˼ͷУȥ¡漰ҮҮȥȷʵʺϡ
ЩҲԼȥʲô㴦ãĳɳûкô¾ȴ
ҪҲǶµˣʱЦá
˶٣ֲ⣬ԺʳӦɡ
ΪӶĶز˵Զ԰ɱᣬԺʳӦȨеġ
ԽֻûҪˡ
ڿջϢ㻺ˣʱֵܶǩԼǵҪ½ȥռɻˡ
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һϣۣҲǸദڡ
ڸǣΪԼԺȦԺҪദģû
ˣλϵϲĲػҴǰҩϸ˵̫ãҪúƵ
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Ȼ˵ǷּˣʵûзֻʲôҲҪʶϵ
ϸԥµ֮ǰ˵ûǵʱǮӰ
룬ҪСŴ壬ֻǼˣСŴǾԻزȥˡ
ԣæԼֵƤ˵˳Ȼÿ˶ֵܷһأҲˣȷӽˣǾ͸ס
ϸЩĶ뻹ҡͷܾǲˣҸµͷӾͳˣҲסߡ
һԵµϰ⣬Ž͵¼Ҳ˼ңڳ仧ҪӶһ죬˱һֱ׵ǵ۵㡣
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ǰҲ뽫̿Ҳ
˵ȷʵ̾˿ǳɣǶ仧ĴʲôҪ󣿡
ӶһЩһЩģҪǿʢģû̵ġϸ
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260 

ûͷУ˸Ǵ
ʱȴЩεи¡
ؿȴǿ򸣰εܼҲܵӰ죬Ͼֵ̫ˣïְʲô˵ˣɽǱ߲һûܿϢϹæˡΪܿƣ˲ǰ˵ʲôܿš֮ӹҲͦġ
ݶܿҲˣ뿪ǰǣҲſŹɲɣ
ǮС̲סΪֵܼ˵ûܿ˵ˣ廹׳Ҳ
µɣû
΢΢һɣǳɣдš
һ¼ҺܼҵĹϵȴĺ
Ҵӵ´ǽԼȥġҲ¼ˣ׼ˣ˫Ϥ׶ΣҪôǰأȻľ
ʱ䣬Ϣˡ
ҪĴв٣õֱС´塢κͰֵС´˿ڼ򵥣ģҲӺٷͻкûУҲˣĲ룬ָϡ
κģӶҲҲõһֱûʲô¼Ȼ㲻ǿҲôм߰¡
С´󣬵ֱκСĺôһɵĴӣҲϰʷΪֹɣǶһ飬Ҳڴ仧ӱر룬ر𻤶̡
˵꣬һԵ쿲ҸֶðãӶЩԶ
ȴҵȥӿ仧Լ
Ҫȥһҵ۾϶Ҫʱֵ÷з˭֪סˣǿɲǺ¡
ֺ쿲Ŵֵȥʵ۲죬Ѿнչˡ
ٶѾѺΣүԤϵǰ㣬ֵĸˡïԼ峤ӷʮڡһ·糾ͣȴǶûʰһ¾㱨ˡ
֮ôΪһ츳Լ
Լͯ£¼һλ̵ĺ츳бǣǹĵطܽпռ˲ƵΨһĲֻܱʮط
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ʵʳӦûɣ
ûͷһȥһʱȰ¸ˡ
ü˵һ˵ǶأûУʹֱ֮ϡ
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˵֮Կӣ˵ЩҪıǰӶԶ·̣̫ǵҿ̽Ҳ̫Զ㡣
պ⽫ҪˣǱûֳɵĺ÷ӣ˿ػǶӡ
Ϊϸ廹̫ãֲ㣬˱ջǸǣؽǷųȥæˡ
ռĽѾӽβˣϰ˸˲Ӱʲô
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֪λĵƤȻСȴֻһŵ
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˵ͷҲСصҵÿ񲻱СŴ壬ɲʲô£ǣˡ
ҲˣǶϱǶӵѪһïĻԼ治֪ȥĶˣҲ޹⡣
ص˵ͷЩǸǱߣŵ㡣
ЦΣҲҵĶϱ
һº󣬰Ǳߵķӽã˷׷ȥεǣȴסˡ
Ժ͹㣬ͱˡ
ЩΣ׻ǴӦˡ
ҶԣԼȥֻŵƽ
ΪŮȥĸУЩ̾
ʱ򣬴ؿռĽҲѾˣʣµıճάˡ
ΪС£ǿռСȻС£ԴؿռĴСȴǴ¡
䣬صԼ࣬ǾԲԽռĻġ
䣬ЩԼҲܳոɻѵǵְ
¼ҵҲһҪôҵˣҪôгˡ
-

261 ѡ

Ǵҵңܴչ𣿡ʵ
˵ĹǮҪͨ񹤸ߣֵϾСʳģѪҪѰ࣬Ҫࡣ
ˣһ˹ܸһʮĶصĹҪѰգֻĶˡ
һ㣬ҲҪ㡣
ߣ˱ƽȷʵҪƿء
䣬سէûӶϤʱ
ֹҲġ
Ȼ¾ҡҡͷ²Уֻܴչһ룬ġֻܴС
Ҳʧͷɣ½˭죿
ɡ¾ĬӧԭڸøɾƵְλⷽ졣
УǾͰжˡԼҶӣȻҪģͷ͸
¾ĬæˣȴȻһ顣
쿴źЩꣿض¾Сʵ
ôиݵģ֮һǸºʹݵˣǴЦǺԣ⼸ƺΪʲô·գüͷ΢΢š
ڴص⣬¾ȴûлش𣬶صЦЦ
صʱû⣬Ȼŵʱ֮ȴڲϱˡ
ǲǱؽռˣдŭͻȻ
ŵʱһᣬȥѳԷүӺ̫̫һӶڡ˼ŰһŲ谸ʱѾڲ谸˵ղϵĲиʣڸ¾ݿԼ֮ʱͻȻѵġ
̧ͷȥͿ֮վţȭͷսһʵؿء
Ȼȴʵڴߣ̧ͷ⻰Ҳˣ𣿡
֪˵Ĳ˼֮ü֮ǰӶ˵ˣѾʧٰˣʧ֮ǰҵģ
еϢʵ̫ˡ
¾ĬһԵĴһۣڵҮҮ͵͵ĸŮˣ
֮һ㶣򴽵ⲻҪҪʧˣұӶûҵ
Ȼأǲǲ˵ҽץ˿ռ䣿Ц
֮һҭĬ֮ҽռ䡭
ôش
֮סǡ͸Ͻˣᶼˡ
ͻȻ͵Ц֮ѵҾҪòżҪÿ춼һôĥŮʹС
㡭ôܡ֮ˡ
ܹ𣿡ЦӯӯҵݸǴˤȥˣʹˣʱ߹ȫˣ඼ˣ֫йۣȺͷһԴһֱۣ˶ӰģʲôԲȥ
ʱϲԣѧǣ񼴱ţҲǸֽŻεġ
֮ǰʮ꣬ͱһ΢ŮĿռУÿ˵ǻȣϸԲϣֻܳһЩɤӵĴ˵øɼĶصĻ¡
֮¾ݣ۵׻һĨʹȻصĿ⣬ֲɵЩܡ
һеѵ𣿡Ц˵ڶĹ𣿡
֮Ž͵Ծݲû֮ġ
ҶҲû֮İ΢΢ЦֻҪĥˡ
֮üͷ㡭ֻǸСôҲĸģʹ˴
һҲ˴شֻѡһǵûһǰȥ״˽Ů
ڴûʲôĻ֮ȴ˶۾ذ죬һԲ뿪ˡ
ȻطˡһߣҲ뿪ˡ
һĸոյĻʲô𣿶ΪʲôҪʵϣͲ´ȥ״𣿡
֪ŮԽڿռ£Ȼһֻ۱һֻۣ״棬ǻŽѲġ
˵صĲ˶ǹŮˡ
֮Ҫȥ״棬رֻܽ˴ռѲ顣
գգ۾ѵŮŮҪΣ
ȻǡһԵ¾ĬЦҪˣֻҪؽڣҲܵõ⡣
ҮҮȥ״氢ġԹŮɻ¾ݽ͵״ˣǰɺˡ
УŮȻܹ룬Ǻ룬˶ὫΪɷңҵҪܵӰ졣
ƫƫ֮ϲûʲôɷϿҪΪ¾ӱŮǴģ¾ݵҲȷʵԼ¶Ǳȥġ
Ϊ룬⣬˻ǽⷢӡ
ˣˡ
۾û뵽Ȼôһ硣
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262 ж

üǲȥ״ĸ
ûõġ¾ݵЦǹŮ˭һ渮þѲռĻŮ˳ʲôˣڼŸѲռɡ
ҲҮҮΪ״Ļò㹻ҪпռѲ顣
ʵϣ㸮Ѳ鰢Ŀռ䣬Ҳûа취
дڣڸõ˽ռѲǰȫܽתƵԼռ䡣
ôܽΪ˺Ź
ؿı˼ҮҮǲ֪ĸץˣ
¾ĬҲ˹
¾ЦЦҵȻ֪ҲãҲãǲĿĲݵˡŮʳĺô˶֪ôԸﻹһҵƤ£ӶǾͶˡ
Ժ˷֡΢΢ü
ôᱻ˷֣¾üҲһֱȵ޽֮ս˳ƽ˷ųûƾûݵģ˵ٶҲûãֻܳưͿ
ػȻ֮Щˬ
ж£ȻǴҶϲľĿ
Դ֮֮ͱĬࡣ
ؽڿռ£ү̫̫ʱȻûڳºҲӿе֪ˡһҲûиĿĴ㣬ֻҶӻûдס
˰µʱ䣬¾ĬͰ﴿˿ռƸ
вһǴҵˣʣǴе֡
ؾǣȻ취õЩ˵˵еЩ˾ȻԸǩ
ʱ壬̲סɫŹֵûյֶΰɣ
ôܣ¾ĬüСˡʵϣҵһǺܳģȻΪÿ˵ʱһ캰صģ
Ϊ͹ӣÿ궼ųһˣȻɴ̺õ˲ȥ
ӵĸ˼ŵһɶ
ȻЩųȥõӷĴͣȥҲ̫ԭճʳȴǲˡ
˵İգҪôǰ͵ģҪô˵Ҫ͵ġ
ӶߵİնЩӦòİɣغ
ǲҾ͸ǰ¾ĬɼС˳ȥˡ
ػȻ¾Ĭû̫ˣϾнպʳгĽպɻֻԽԽáߣЩ˴ֻǩкЩ˵ѾȢӵģպӺùƱػҪ޶ߵѶǩˣȱڱ㲹ˡ
Щҵˡüȹ껹ȥɡΪ͹һʧˣЩԭҶ˵ģôΪһͶϵ
ɲԼôߡ
ԣ¾ݺ¾ĬһЦˣˡ
һ֮󽨺õģʱ򣬸ѾԼլۡˡǵĵƤСҲ󣬹ԺӣסԼĪûģͲˡҲΪģСЩ˽լҪȶҪһЩ
Ȼ¸ĹģǲСģ¸޼
ܹôͽãѾǳˡ
Ҫ֪¼ҵҵ֮һβأҵֱǻҪСһЩġ
ûмȩ˵ӽˣɢɢʪܹסȥˡ
Ȼܴ󣬵˽ʵֻռ֮һʣµԺӶ
ΪӶռԺԷ¾ѡԷɽӣѡ¥ϣСѡλñȽƫƧļ԰
԰ȻƫƧҲ󣬵羰ίʵԺھнţֱӽ
иǰֵܣȻҲֵ˵ƤԼҲĶͷûǮֻʱסڶ
رҲѡһԺģֵܰһ֮ȴǾܾˣȻסǰԺĿͷδȰûиı⡣
ʵ̫ˣҲ˵˽򡭡ס٣ԺҲܾôš
ʱˣúõԺ䶼ҪŻġ
룬ԽԺĺַס˳ִɨ᷿ҲǷڵĻ
ȻһҲһ⡪ռ̫ˣ¶̫Ҳû취װ˵ġ
ȥ¸أ֪ڸۡһһ֣ȻΪľ㷭ͼֽڸһطǮ˽һΪ˵ľ
ڣͷǮֻЩʱίһסڿռˡ
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263 

ԭضҪաͬӡЩŤġ
ȻܿͷֱŤʵû壬ΪһͬӵĸоûУ͸о˸ھӣ
쿴ҸŪʲôһ磬վ;һޱȵˡ
һʲôҲ̫ˣŵʮ׼ˡ
սһţؿԡʲ۾ǡ
ǳǳĺˮмڵĴ㣬һŵǾ
յص˵ͷ
ĶŪģһ
ŮккռģŮиǳ˴½ؿռ䡣ŮǱû˵˭Ǻռ䡣
ӵкռĹŮռҲǳС£ǵĿռִͺĿܺС˵Լˡ
ҲˣؿռȻֶλģһЩٳûҵ
;Ǻгİǰ߻ãлһЩСȺģȻ㡭ðɾҲһЩС͵ģеˮȺ
ǰɣڴصӡУ;СҲͣǾ㡭ٴҲСɰ
ضԾ֪࣬Ȼսպþʶġ
ǻ
֪ϲĺǻˡ
ҶصʱϿһƪ˵ǻɱ¼
һޣҰΣҪȦΣҪࡣ
ȻǼͷɱ˵ĻȴǱһȦģСȦռÿ췱صıʹǾʧˮصԱˮס
ҰͨʮƣҶ֮ǰûйκҰ⻢ı
ȥ˺ܶ໢ϣȴԽԽϲԺĻĶȺ
ջش𣬴ؾʹͷ˿ռ䣬㽫Žһ£ۡҳ˵߻ʦĺͼҵһʺϻĺȻ˽ȥ
ںδƬ̣ȻǸ˵ټһ̧ϰ˺УֻԼĶҪˡ
ռѾһƬ٣Ұеæµ׳꣬Լɽæ
Ϊɽз̣Ƭ򽻸ΪԼ
ɨһռ䣬س˿ռ䡣
ȻͶһ˫Թί˫ۡ
һ㶣֮뵽Լոʲô£ЩεǸҲǵ˻岻𡣡
Ҳûץ²ţûŴصСֵֹǻһҵһͷеĨ㾨С㣬Ҿȥ
ط˲ԣ̲סüͷ
նʱ飬ҿǲϿء
ô£˵ص۾
ˣҲٴգҰҽЩŮռ䣬½ؿռˣǺռ䣬Ҿͻһûûе֣ͷôġ
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Ǯ⣡ԣȴĿռò߻֮¼ҾͰĸöԸط֧Ԯ
ɷ涨һŮռʱ֧ԮйŮӡ˵嵥ϵ֣Ӧǰ¼ҽн׵ġûУطûһˣ𣿡
Ȼǡ
ˣ˵һǳˣҶصʱһ񣬳Ϊ֮󣬳һʼɱҲûգһ۾֮ȡΡɶǳᷨ
˵ǸˣҲϵĺˡ
磬ɲǻȻȥ¡
ΪģЩŮϿռҪֵʱ򣬼㱻ҲֻϵùϾ˭ܵñԼûеĶʧˣ˵ףⱾЩŮĽ
ŲţʲôǱֵһЩԺ޽֮սУǾԸҰ㵱ǰƣ
⻰գգ۾˵ģ
ʲôһʱû˼
ЦеΪ
ȻֻǹŮ˽µĽѡյ
λԵҲȫĻͷ¾ݣȷ˵ȷôһ¡
֪վȻһȥ﴿Դ¾֮ȴ̲סһڵСĵ㣬Ȼܱ˺Ůռ䣬Ůռȴ˵ŮϿŮ˶Ҫù
ؽĻͷҮҮİɣ
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264 ҿŮ

¾ȴ֪صǴһȥԴ
УҲЩŮкܶԼҪǸȥһкܴܹ˲Ұˡ
òĸȥˡظɴ
üУҰﲻһҰ󸸵ĶŮƼҵĿŮֲŹ˿꣬ȥƿŮӡȻûвμӹ޽֮սӳʼǿŮԼ츳ã󸸵ʵҶ˶١
ҪǣƿŮĶӣŮǾԲͻġΪһֳӰͲһˡ
ЩŮѵԼŮ۸ٲԸҲ򣬽Ůֱ׳۸ǵĺ
û뵽ƼҾȻıڣ֮ȴվҡͷ֮ǰҲ˵ˣҸŮĽû档
ְٰ֮Ȱ˵δľҪȥ
ͷˣֱӵѡҪôһȥҪôһȥ
ǻѡ𣿵Ȼһȥˣ
ҪЩطϵĹŮռʵһ£һŮľǷǳǿġ
ǿľܹռڵġ򡱣ȻԾΪȼԼĿռ䡣
ǿһ£޵ĹŮȴûһݾȥʵʲôµġ
һ˵֮󣬴غܿҵ˳Լ֮ʮŮռ䡣
Щӹǿռ֮Ŀռ䣬Ҳ֪˭ġ
ػͨӦһʱбЩռǺռ仹½ؿռ䡣
ռȷʵ࣬Ļػͦ봳Ůռġ
ǳһͷһŮռ䡣
˵ǣؾȻŮռҵ㣬С㣬ĺϰ
ȻϲǺԣ޽֮սĻżΣԵǸʵֳ
Σյ㣺衢ţ裬Ȼ֡͹ţ衣
УʵǶȤģǹļֻɣȴߵһ֡
Ҫ˵ΣԣȻǴ͹ţ裬ǹţ衣һʱ˳һʱ񱩵㣬ǵĹΪԤ⣬ҲҪɡ
Ȼ˵Ҫȹţ㣬ʵϣ˼ꤵʱ򣬴蹥ʱΪˣ࿴
ֻһţ赹תͷʴص𣿡
غԥͷߡһѵмɣ
֮⣬ѹ˼Լռûеɺͺݡ
ץ͹ţʱ˵⣬ղ׼ؿԼһ
ضûӦѾһϢˡ
űס죬۾ʲô
סҿʱתͷԴҧһȻ
Ժˡ
˵ţֱӽָ㣬Ȼһ̣ʧԭˡ
ˣͻԼռˣ
Ȼأز
ֱӶ˺ʵ
صͷȻİɣ˹ΣԲŴط
ⲻ
յ£滹ãҰڱ˿ռġ
Ҿ˰һΪ⡣
Сģ̲ס˿ڿˮ
ȻŮռ䲻ôϵģ˿ͷһΣغûһ
صһŮռҵһ裬Ȼһ̡
֮⣬ŪһЩԲ̫ǿ;㡣
żûɱҲҵ;Ϊǵʳ߲ܣֻҪԼûеľͶˡ
ҲʱһֱŵĨ㾨ˡ
ǰǼĨ㾨ץɣ۸񡣡յ
ʵϣλŮ֮ԻĨ㾨˺ˣƫƫرĺΪϲ㡣
صͷУû
յĨ㾨ǸŮռĺҲͦõģƷʲҲЩȥ֡
û
Ļ𣿡ڱ˰ΧĺϣӺݵĹŮվһ˵ҧָ
ġҿŮһƶĨ㾨ɲôֵĶѰŮҲⶫ¿Ů϶
Ҳأü
һǵЩĨ㾨ʮųֵ֣Ǳˡ
û˵꣬Ѿˡ
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265 в

һռʱ򣬴ؾͲ˲ԣյķӦ죬ɫɽӸ߿µʱѾŴسһˡ
ûҵҿŮһϧ
ʱ򣬴غѾԼĴռ仹Ǹռ䣬Ĩ㾨ҲڣȻȴ˼һǹŮˡ
ǱˣɻȻûԼ
ǲãΪԼʵ̫ǿˣܿһСʧɱˡŮȻҲ츳Ҫ࣬ǶԴ˲ԣ޷ͨǿ
˶٣ֵʵϣӦҲûԤϵҹˡЩǽ֮ǰµǴһ˸ɵģϾ޽֮սʱԼͨǲܽԼ֮֮˵Ŀռġ
˭ڻûǩԼء
Ȼ
¶Ȼ漴ȥȰĨ㾨Ū֡
ԣȴ¶⣬Ϊ˵
áɵأЦ
δϱ
һ̣˾Ϳ׹ȥ
ҿŮҲӦŰະ죬Լнռ䣡
ǿɲİһӣûۼҲǿġ
ʮ͸ʥƽ£֪಻٣
ҿŮǼǵֵ˵ģ˺ԥҪԮ
һ㶣æҵá
ȴԼռʱ򣬴غյĽѾ˺档
ˮ׼ʱȴƬ󺣶ͬһ㣬ʼѸٵ
һʱ䣬Ƭռ䶼ɫˮ鲼졣
գ۵Ĺ򣬺ˮͱ˽֮¶˵´ĺֲȻĨ㾨͸ոճСĨ㾨
״ֱˣеס֣
ʱѾŴͷĨ㾨ߣһӣͷĨ㾨Ѿʧˡ
ҵĨ㾨Ŀѡ
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δ䣬ĻӸ߿
Ҫˡ
ЩҪȥԼĿռͻٵ߰˰ˣռ䱾ɲһд
ʱԼ˶ˣһƬˮĻкȻͬϵƬ궼ȥ֮
ȥǡսطŵһ麣ϣЦЦ˳ȥ
ǱȽзִˣȥͬʱȻ£Ƭ̣ԭЩĺˮ׷׻ָ
״ݺ˿
ʱպϰٸԼѾˣ˫һ̣·˺ɫ
һ˲䣬ЩԼ¶ļ·һ㣬ͨ죬ֻðˮݡ
˶֪Ƿǳĥ˵ģͬƤֻʹһʱ˿ڽֻҪȥͲۡ
˲һǻʹģһֱˮϴ
ǣָֻȽˡ
ȻǰЩԼϵ˲ᡣعǵòƣЩºضࡣ
ʱЩԼ־Ѿҽ־ᶨҲûʹǿ󣬵Ҳ˶ѣսȴǱˡ
ȷǱ߲ҪԼģصĿ䵽λŮϡ
ĪģҿŮ˷׷ײ
һ̣ͼЩϵʯͷ׷׷ϸ߿գ˹ȥ
ҿŮΪ׵λŮʱʧɫɢҪܣȻûãЩʯͷ۾һ׷ȥˡ
һʱ䣬ʹ
õģԼܵϮԼϵ˳ȥԼΪƻס
϶ԣҿŮ謵ҶˣͷĴܵĹбҵòᡣ
ʵϣѾˣҪ֪صһЩͷȽСʯͷҵҲûȫˣֻֻˣҳ̡
ˣôˣػ̲סզࡣ
Ҳ̫ûˡ
һ;û˼ˡ
ҿŮ˾δȷûʯͷˣ̧ͷ
´ȻңҿŮŭɶ
ΪʲôңЦոɽʱûж֡
ҿŮһҭ޺޵ţ޽֮սʱ
ȻʼвˣضЦеҾøոЩԼõͦõģǲǵҶҲһζ
в˭ᰡ
ҿŮ˶ʱ֣ǿɲݡ
վȻ߽ĸŮ˶ʱŻˡ
ҿŮˣսŲӿ죬ҧ¶Ͳ֪˭֧Ԯ𣿡
յĽŲһ٣ȴɫ˭ܲҪ˵ǶǱƵİɣ
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266 

ҿŮʱ¶ڨڨ˦ģȻԷˣǾֻܻ˵ˡ
ʵϣͬǿŮ̸˭˭ġ
ǱԥҪôӦ֧Ԯ·ŮдŸǣǵûµġ˶٣ҿŮСǱŶһ²һ£Ĭ
˵׻һ
²ۣȴüɻ·Ůг𣿡
Ϊõһ񶨵Ĵ𰸣ҿŮԥһ֮Ҳг𡣡
Ŷغˡ
˶ûɣӳ
òᡭ
Щɵؿһۣ˵һɣ
Ī״ظʲôͻȻֹŹֵĿ⿴
ҿŮ֮ǰ·ŮǿŮпռģǧ߰ĶҲҪӶȻ˽һ£Ǿܾ룬ò˶ѡҫ
ضʱԼʲôҲûĪޣҲ޹òã
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شˣ֪д׵ζȻʳֳζ
ԭ֪УʳҲûز
ʵϣѰ˶ڳȥĶҲֻܴŸо棬٣ȴֻ¾ǿֱܹ档
ⲻһ¾ݵһ֪һǿ͹ʵ
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267 ݶ

û´Ļ⻯ʳҲʳ¾ܽ
һţӦòɡ
Ȼ˵ȴʱ⻯һӡ
һΣ뵽ǿռĶζˮҡ
ϴϴֱҧһڣȻɵˡ
¾üı鲢ζΣ
ռողһ޶̾
Ļ⻯Ӧˡ

գգ۾ˣ𵽵Ҳ󰡣һֻ⻯ʮߵʲʳǱȽ޵ġ
൱һףⱲӣصľƺֳһأܹ⻯Ķֱǰˡ
ʵϣؾԼãļȻгȻЩȻǿ츳ûʲôʽҲûôǼԵĶ˲ٹȻƺÿ뿪һ磬ʵͻһأ
һʱ벻ףصҲûŲš
Ҳˡ¾ȴڲǹˡ
֪еڲָסڶˣڵ¸Լҡ
˶٣¾ֲ⻯õö˶㲻иӰĻҽƽԶһЩͷŵʳԼԣȥҲ
Ů˵عƣһ⻯ʳʮûġ
صһ¿һֻˣϾŮռʳ۸ͨʳİٱ
˵ڶ죬ԼѾ֮ӵĸ
ԼһĶ˵ţ¾ĬЩڴؽһʩչ֮ӣ
һӱ⣬Ȼȴ֪ôشˡ
ܸܲ˵ԼܶʮСʱϵʩչ֮ӣû죬ڵ֮Ĳɣ
Ҳ֪ǲǵ׵ĹϵõǿҲõʹָȺˮҪ򵥡
Ȼزʲô¶ɣڿռֲ
¾ĬȴĳĬΪ֮ʩչôףʱЩʧȴû£żʩչһҲˡ
죬һʱ᲻̲ˮ֮Ӵʳȫջϡ
һĶسʳСĿЩʳڿռ丮ۡĲֿУĥһ֮󣬾Щʳַĸҡ
Ͼռ俪ʼ裬Ӷʼ趼ҼȳǮֳ˵ͿͶУȻҪʾһ
ȻҳֵܹͬʳȻҲ١
ڴصľ¼˷׷ױʾͬ
ԭػһЩʳԼ˳ԣٵùϼµȻ֤ʵ˿þ⻯ʳǾûҪˡ
ֻҪһθҪ־͹ˡ
Ȼ󣬷ֲӶĸҶյ֪ͨǵʳ
ڴڿռд£ҶٶԼǶϢȴίʵû뵽ջʳǻзݡ
˵û뵽ܹ޳á
Ͼ˭Ϊ¿ŮĿռ佨裬¼ĵԴɲ
ʼΪ˼˼ֵǳʣ˵طȴָôһ¡
ռҵķݶһǧʯףһǧʯСʯףʯףһʯƶʮʯѣʮʯңʮʯ棬ʮʯ÷ʮʯϣʯߣ
С˵ĳصԼʳһһݳƳռҼظԼ룬һһķ˹˹ĵͷ˽Щʳսռ䡣
ԴԼֱʻǮŮռ֣ĸϻͳɫֻû޶֮ǰڼҲֹ˵һϷ˿ҲͶǡ
ɺãΪ׼壬ռҵõʳݶڶͷһݣ
û˶ۺ
ҲҺ÷˸ˣС˸װôʳ
շҲˣؽһһʳװԼĿռ
ȵֻʣߣµԼڵߵЩ࣬ռҪԼѡֻҪܶǰʯˡȻǹҪǴҲУֻⲻ̫⡣
ռûпڣһԵշ˾æԼѡ
ȻԼʹŷȥ˿ⷿ
ΪȽˣ´ƽ䵱˹ˮⷿеĲˮ
ܹѡĲ಻٣ӡ˿ϡܿƹϡѡϡϡС㶹Ϲϡ
Ȼףڿⷿ俴һСףշ˶ʱϲЩԶ𣿡
ˣ׵ɲ࣬һܹƶûһٽ
Ҫ֪ϲˣŮĿζҲ
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268 Ȥ

ԣԼǳ˳ȵȵãǲǡ
ЩҲ֪˭˺ܹٶ¿Ůһ¼ңʣµĶˡ
Ȼ˵꣬շ˾Ѿԥ׶ŵԼĶֳС
ռװûԼû취˭üﺢӰһء
շǸ֪ģĶԼԵģȴһûá
ò߳ʱ򣬸պ⼸ҹߣǣĿĽ
ߵͲ࣬ոõ˰ʯҲֻʯ
ߵǰԺʳѾǳˣԭֻһС˳ѾˣԼҲࡣ
ӶռʾˣȥøϿһ
ȥȥɡշã˰ֵ
ռˣС˾¸ȥˡ
ʱڸԼĲ˹èëռЦˣɩѴųˣ
ռЦеͱȡЦˣ¡ԼҷĳƫƫǻһΪòôˣñһЩˡ㣬ҪĺӼ޸ˡ
ǸˣԷ˵ƴ޶ԡ
ȻҲø˼ƽϡ
˵ؽغЦΣŮɣ
ֹռĴָ⺢֮ǰ̫ûĻãȴҶˡǹļ֮ˣȴ͸ŵˡηַʳķʽû룬ڶҿ˵ǹ̡Ժʲô£Щһһ
ȻܴŮĿޣʵʳˣ
ˡռüԥãòЩɣ
¶˲ȴģҲռҵá
ôصʵ
ռæֵɱϹ˵ɩǵʰҡ
˶٣ɵҾǵġ᲻ʳѾͷǴСͺݵġ
ᡣ¶ǶԱ˺ݵģԼδˡ
ռҲԣȻֵǳЩҵİ˳Գô
Ҳûе£ǰһλŮͽץʻ𡣺ˣͽɱˣŮҲȻˡ
ʱǹŮȴãۿųˡΪǷͽĥ£һ֮󣬹Ů˵ȴȫ㡣
ģȻΪԲ·ͽ׼ĴһԾһԾӣѳǸģġ
Ȼ˼ʵҲϡ档
ҲǲִֵĴҪôȥҪôƣǴʳʳõġ
߳ԹʳȥͨʳǸоʳ졣
˵ĹŮԲЩӶߵŮҲԲߡ
Ҫ֪Ӷ㷭ˣŴҵִ΢Ů˼ִǴĸġ
ҺθɣصҶӳôĴҪˣҲԼá
Ͳ÷򡭡ռü
˵÷ҲͷۼˣûҶԷ̸Ȼ˵Ի·һϣÿθ˵رۣ˵
ö֮ҲŰˡ
֪֪¡ĵʲôӦʲôӰ죿
Ȳ˵һ費ҪҪѵΪ𣿡
ġԴΪݸʧȥԸһ
֮谭ͽʰһˡ
Ц񲻹ܲô޷ܾһҼôҲͬû취ʹҡ
ΪҰȻ˵⻰ʱһޱ飬ҲĮˡ
ռĨ˰ˣҹһ˸Ѵ͹÷㲻ģջݸؽٸɫӢԼ
ǸнˣȥҸϣҲû취ˡ
ⲢӢԼ߸Լ˲赹ˮ鲻˵֮
ҲȤˡ
ԣˣԭǼͲҸյ̳֪֪Ȥɲͷࡣ
ɣ㿪ľСռֺǺǵ
һߣȴڸ¾˵ͷ¡
ΪģԺҿռĿѡЩܹեͣûԼͷǲñռ𣿡صե֮ķϿι󡣡һͷեͣԼṩԭϵĻըķǹͷеġ
¾ݵͷɣԼٸСˡ
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269 ֮

ͷΪԳļӹ͵̡
Ƕ֡
Ϊ׬ǮֻϾȻ˿ĶĻ̫˷ˡ
䣬ҲЩ˸ӳԵʳֲһȼġ
ԺͥԱ֮Կǡ
뵽һ£ĵȥҿⷿһңûдһʯƯһġ
һ㶣Ȼԣȥˡ
ûãľͻˣ󻹸һ˸ʯСˡ
С㣬ʯ𣿡ʵ
ʯڵϣǰ鿴һһ񣬲ɫô⣬ϰ벿һ㵭ĺɫֿһȦУ°ɡ
С£ر㿪ʼһһʯ
Ļãȴ̲סʵС㣬Ǵʲô
صЦԺ֪ˡ
㴴һħƷһħ֮ǿ̥ħƷ
²⣬ŮӤֽ֮Իز󣬹Ϊ̫
һħƷܼŮӤزʡ
ħ֮Ԥ⣬Ҳұ֤һܹħƷֻˡ
֮ѡֳɵʯþ⻯Ҳǿǵⷽ棬ϾħƷĲҪһݵ⣬㱣һѡֳɵʯ
ûѡ滭ҲΪϻʯҪˡ
ĻԼԺ϶ҪӵģкãһһŮȴزۡԼִܲ
¼ԼҲ漣һӣǲΪһλĸ׶ԶŮȻİ
Ҳ˾ͲӣǴʵǣҲǺ¡
ڴæµʱǱҲţĥСȥ¼ֻء
ǡСҰ
¼˳¾ݶסڶҲ˵£Ʊص¾ݡ
Ȳ˵ϣ᲻ȥ¾ݣؼ˰
ӣΪΪ׼ܸ֮׽һҵĿⶼġ
ĥ˺ü죬Сȴû֮ǰص͸ɴ֧֧࣬û׼á
үҲ̫ļˡʯͷο;סˣѵδˣ
ľͷѵû˵
Ƴһ۵²ܣҶļ
Ȣϱѵд
յԷʱ򣬴ˮʯϵм
ڸʲôոС˽Ϳʱ
ؽľͰŵһߣ˲񡣡
˵ţѾſ̵ʼʯ
ղ֪ȻҪʵʲôͶ룬ǽĻ˻ȥһ԰ؿ
һͿ˴죬ֱʱŷ֣ʱЩ˼Ǹһʱˡ
۾û£Ҿôغ⻰˵÷ǳģ̵ģˣרע̬
ٲҲԼĪܿδ޵ĵˮƽ
ԣЩģŮϲģǱԼϲ˿䡣
ʱѾˣյҪţȻΪ¾ݵĴڣҲֻһ롣
˴ԷȥţЩɵؿڵǸʲôʱ𣿡
һ㶣ҽͷã
ձΪֻһ˵תͷıȴǺ棬ʱһ㶣̶ϲ˵ģ
룬ͷҲ⣬ѡ
ղΪáһ˲𼸸¾ˡ
ȻºվͺˡΪѾˣȴ⡣
ʱҪĶ׼ˣƸ񰡣ǻΰǸҪõ߰
⼸ͦõ𣿡ЩɥؿѾɣ䲻
صȻ֪Ǽ񲻴Ȼħ֮ȴԣȻǾģҲһܹǿģǲ̥Ч
̾˿պԣҪ
һΣðɡҲֲ
ͷŬħƷʱӶȴһ֮͡
ڴΪŮӶ֮Ͳܹѡ񶨾ӵĵطˡ
ѰãҵƱػͨ
һΣλ֮;һλҹŮ
İӰİ֣һɻ˭
һԵѾ
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270 ѡ

ʶˣüʵ
ӵʵҲǴΣǲĻ°ֵ˾İӰ
˶٣İӰǵʱڳΨһһλŮ֪˿ŮҲֻŮкСļӵ츳ˡ
˰죬ȴûİӰĸ

ôüǲǶʲôֽţ
û뵽µҲǲ˵̹ȻشȺŮһɺİӰõĴһģʵϣ˻صҾָܻĻƵڱһ¡ڼһԴӴҺ嶼ɱˮ軹ˮ裬ϴ
صһҲ̫ˡ
üͲ»ᵼʲôõĺ
ʲôõĺһΪҲûҪţҪųϴȻٶеǸҲץŲšȻûţ˵˼Ҿÿס
ȴѾ˲õԤС
֤ʵֱȷġ
ǰİӰֱ⼫ˣƤ԰˶͸һ
òͳƲϳڣ˿ŶмëȻ
İӰһģĸİҼˣĸİҲˣҾ˾˰׼ҼҲˡ
֮ǰո˵һİӰΪһŮڵİȴֻһСҡ
Ȼڱ˵ϣǿŮλ˵Ůλҵһ뵽ľİҼˡ
İҼҪ˵ɫΪҲǣٱ֮¾ϣǲģҲһλѹˡ
һˣǽһҰ׼ҵǧȢˡ
˵״СҪ޸İҼ¿ֵ÷з״СΪİҼʲôжùϵʳǼҳ㷹
׼ֲ׻ͬȥİҡ
ɻԷ޵ĸǳãȻǷദˣܿİȫİҼС
ϿİҼİ۳мӣֱļһ㡣
ȻҲΪˣİ˶ɷνƴأɷ򿪿ڣ뾡취ΪİںôֱŮĸ̲ġ
Դˣ׼Ǳߺɸ֣İǷ·ֻΪɷ״̬ȴҲֻűˡ
İİӰһδڵŮӤİҼֳŵԸ⽫Ů޻ذ׼ң׼ҶİҵҲ˽ģƽûٻŮһҡ
λ֪Ϊ˺£԰İ˲ƵĿ⣬ص
˻άֱڣİȴһߵؿյṫӣûʲôҪ˵𣿡
΢΢üʲô˵ģѾ˲ԣΪİӰûΪܽڵĺȻģƺǻ¡
İҧǼӰӣ˵㺦ģ
Ů۸ŮˣǼӰŮʲôʸȺ
ȴʲôˣһϢٵİӰʵֱ˵ɣİӰʲôǹʲôĿģ
Ӱʧȥİ˺۾ΪףҪôȢӰҪôȥΣ
ޣйŮӻŹŮҲõͷǲܴģһǹŮһǹŮ
˹Ůû˵һһǺùŮʧȥǾΡ
İӰŮ浣λġ
ɫһ䣬俴İӰǹģ
İӰ˵ȻҲ֪ǲǴܾıЩ⡣
Ȼк£ӦһֱżҳɣİҲãİҲãῴһи⵼µģԸԼʧȥҲҪȢ㡣
˵ţȴǿİԼ׼ȻҲǰŮŮɵġ
Ȼ鵽һزǳ˳ȫӵ룬ѵ취
ǾͲµңؼЦտҵδҲˣѵǿҽԼ
İͰ׼һ۷׷׿Цʲô취ӶԼڳˣʵڲʧ
ЦԸȥҲԸȢŮˡ
̧°ͣĿɭؿİͰ׼ҲѡҪôȥΣȻҸҲݣҪôûİӰԸ޸˭ͼ޸˭ҷⱲֻȢء
˭û뵽һҡԷ׷ˡ
-

271 һ޶

˵ֲеķӦλΪˡ
ؼǣǻû취˼յĻ
ղԸȢİӰѵĸȥ
˵ʵҵġ˵ұͲСϣֻôһӣǸҽͽϣǵøƴɡ
Ȼ˶˵ϣŮλ˽˶֪ϣ˿Ųɽ©ˮʵǸʵʵĺˡһͶûУڸѹ˳Ϊ˴֮һĲ
˵Ůһ˼ɵƼء
߻¼ءǽͽ¼ܵʲôû
ܵģ˵¶ĶҳǮģδ޳˻û̶ڣ˵ǰ϶δˡȲ˵¶յĸ飬ֻΪӣ¼ҹ£
Ǳ벻ܰ
ļ仯İӰסˣʱû֮ǰʤȯգգͬһԸΣҲԸȢң
յͷһҲûΪԷµɫԥ
ǲ⻰һĽԼŮ˺жֻǲ⡣
ϾֲǴء
İӰһ۾ȴɺˣΪʲôΪһƯ
ĸǿŮܿϧİӰȴƽƽ棬㲻ѿҲͿܳƵ㡣Ҳƽ弫ˣһҲŮ¡
ȥƽŮݡ
һȣһ԰ˣûƯòŮѾ㹻Ⱥۡ
Ͼ˵ŮĿռŮҲֻжʮĶ
ʱնٴɫҲģΪйŮ
ڱصá
ֱ´س֡
ñãǿŮһλռԶԶĿŮ
ˣǿĹŮ
ͷ·ȥŬ׷󶼳һЦ
Ϊ´ֻǹʱֻ֪´ǿŮʱȴҪ
´ʯ٣Ҳϧ
ֵؿһۣڷʵϲңҲֻΪ
İӰһͣʶȻǣҡ
Ҳǡ˵꣬յҶԣ²ӣĿвмӣҲϲᰮ
ҰƤ¶һ޶ꡣ
һĪļ¶ͻȻҪȥӵһᶨ˵ˡ
ȴ֪ҲЩĪЩѿڶĻͷ·Ļ˺ܾã¿ڶ
İӰʱѾˣԽǶ´رֳأľԽʹࡣ
̾˿ǰִļϣһ̣ɫĹâȻİӰڣ̹ӿİӰɫۿɼٶȱ
λİ˶ˣǱɵҲڶİӰʩչ츳ˡ
Ƭ̺󣬴ջֵ̫ˣȥٺúòһɡ
¶ոǡӰκˣİСʵ
ص˵ͷ
˼ǡӰָˣİвĵ
ٴεͷЩͷûʲôµĻϽȥɣҾͲдˡ
Ȼãİȴһ㲻ûУҪлеĲ˻ȥһ䡰¶£İұл޾ԼŮ뿪ˡ
һߣվЩ˵İӰ˼ϲ⣬ﻹİκã
Լ
һÿɷֻǲŮ˵Լ˰ˣǺúȥ˰ɡ
ָˣİӰǲˣҲԲ
С˼Ͳøˡ
ͲҸոõ츳𣿡ת仰
չȻתע˵㵽м츳
֮ʵͬһ츳һģСϸϸԼ˵һ
ԥһ£ǽħƷ˵ˡ
֪࣬յ۾ˣܴ˵ܹ̥ħ֮飿
ʵϣŮӤز۵ȻǹϾ᲻ôΪĵġ
ǵʱԼҲֻһӣһļӣŮ
֦֮ɢҶͽˡ
ȻȻ˴ؾɥ֮ʹ״ҲǷǳԵġӵѪȻҲԴضԣѪԵȻǶӡ
ܣҪЩƵѾһܹħ֮ˣǲ̥
ͻȻסˡ
һ£ùƺҲĻùûйԵġ
ǲ˵ʵֱԼĻù̥ľ
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272 

ȻĲ²⣬׻ȷ˴ȻŬħƷ
ͬǣ̬֮ǰȻͬÿδصƷɣԱ۰Ͱ͵ؿţȴظ
ϧ̫֮ˣħƷλʱҲûܾѳħ֮顣
һºİҵٴţȴġ
¾ݡϣСΪ첻ڼҵԵʣȴǸ֪ʲô£İҵΪĪѡ
ȵؽһ˵λǷŭ
İңȻ۵ͷϣϣѵö
СҲǸİӰǰʵ֪Ȼǲҧ˵Ĺ
¾֮Щ߿û뵽СΪŮһȻ˵ԸⱲӶȢŮ֮ˡ
Ůƺǿܹϸ
¾һյһ̫ˣ˵ԼǣϽҲ鷳ĥţ˵ĻҲԳˡ
ԣռֱǴϲȻ˵һ룬תͷ۰Ͱ͵ؿŴء
֪ȨԼ
رЩЦãЦҮҮ
¾ݱЩˣŮ˵Լģʱָˡ
Ȼϣʼͻ
һԵСЩƣô
ؿ÷ȴʲôû˵
ȻҮҮʲôû˵һദҮҮԵϡ
Ȼ˶ͶԴĸԼĸŮԣҮҮǴűܶԶ̬֮ȵġ
ЩŮʵӵġ
ȻҪ˵һ˵µҲԣ϶ٲĹ͡
֮ǰԥҪҪ취⿪ҮҮĽᣬȻȴ޴֡
أҲǿ»˳ȻȽϺá
Ȼ˵Ҫ񣬵ǺȻ¾ݲû̾ͽŮ޳ȥĴ㡣
ҳһµƤĴ

յӶѩţһƬװȻô԰׵ľɫУȴһƬں֡
ֵϣһӶӵԼܹĿںڶ
Ȼ磬ɨѩˣ䣬Ҵźްףһһţּˡ
ȥˣһѩˣʱʵ
СַӶ˹
ϵѩһ˵ȥһ˶
ԣȻҲҪȥɱ
ڵƬ򱻰ǳ֮Ϊ֡ǱסĶҹˡ֮⣬ļֵҲ
˵ģЩʮ˰ᣬ
Ҳʱ
ᵽڣҲæһЩܹɵĻ
֮ǰҵ˹򣬸Լʱ䵽ڵʱȥæɱĹǮ˵һ컹ܵõһ⡣
ǿǹŮռ⣬ζǶ벻ж
˵ͷҡͷȷȥɱڣ꿪ɱǶ˻ʱõġ
ԣ˷׷׻Ȼ
ǶҪˣ
Ҫ޸˭
ǣ˭ôã
ǻ˵϶ṫӰ

һָ
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ЦǺǵɴúܣûҿ·Сܵÿ죬¸˻·û˼ܿ͡ġ
ԣ˲Щʧ
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˵ıʧˣſڵ˵ҽڶһϢҪҪ
Ҫ˺ԥ
ĹڸС˽ʳ£Լһ䣬˵ЩʳĩҪַġ
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ԣ˷׷׶˵ͶֵĿ⡣
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ɽʲôأʳͲˣ㻹Զ⣿˸ۡ
ǣһСû˵𣬶ܽǵĳʳԲ˵ģܹʳѾˡЩǣֻ֮ʳҲûС
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273 

ɽŵǲ˵Ƕ˵Ŀռر𣿡
ҡͷ֪ˣܶٶʳҲԼģ˭͸˭
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ɽ˵Щ²̨ףܿ˵һ¡
ˣĹ»ҵ꿪λŮﶼҪְæջ֣ʱƱҪж̹һϢ
ģʱˣãҼ׳Сء
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Ҫ֪ЩĹŮ̹ҪѰҪöˣԵĲ˵˵Ů򹤣ĹǮֵܶһЩʳġ
۷׷׵ʱ򣬶ȴһƬæҡ
Ÿսʮʯ׵Ǽ⣬ػȿˮͼҴܽС㣬үǱ㣬˵ȥᡣ
壿
ԽһתΪʲôԼˡ
Ȼܵ¸¾ĬΪ׵һԱѾǶ̱㽫һ˹
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֮ǰоǷʳķʽֱɣѴԼ͵ģҲаһ귢һΣǰȡ·ŵģֱɶͨռ䷢ŵġ
Щ취Ϊʵе˲ͬɵЧȻҲͬô봿زܣǾԲκ̰Ϊġ
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Ƭ̺󣬴صַʽУΪȡģǵֲǼɣʳɱ⡣
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ڵڶΪͬȡɸһࡣǰӶȡʳ·;ͬ𣬶ֻ󡣡
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ܹɵֻеŷʽѾüͷؿڵǵķҲˣܵĶЩйоˡ
Ҳָ֪һ棬ǡ¾ĬüҲûа취ģӶĻ̫ĸиŮͲˣǵԼˮƽҲ˵ʳȲ˵ǻ᲻б˽ңзͽ⣬治˵ܻܲסʳ
һ顣ؿڵԲĹŮֱɹŮȥ
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ҹŮ²⵽ȥԿࡣ¾ؽôʵʩ𣿡
Ⲣ·šصϣÿһλŮÿسһλŮǴŸԵԼǰǶͽ츮ٰӶߵģʽǱߴðӣӶ߶Եؽ
ȻΪǶܵõһЩĺô
һһΪǸṩȫʳӦߡΧڵ˰ܹõɣȽǿܹΪҲ׽ʱҲܵõİɡ
һԣǵ˰ɸյģӶпŮĶ˰ȴڿŮ˵ġ
ս˰ô˰˰ж˼˼һ㣬Ҫ˰˰
˰յݣʮ˰ʮ˰ʮ˰塣˰ҪԴŮˣյòأǰ˰һȷ΢ŮĿռĶ£ÿҪĶصճɣֻȼͬȼ˿ռĴС졣
ˣǷʳʳĵȼĻһǵ˰Ҳ൱һŮռĳˡ
ȻôĹŮǿϵģοǻֻðɡ
ǿϵģǿİɷֳɡ
紿ȼ˿ռǵĿŮȴǲýκ˰ġ
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ؽȷ¾ĬüһֱĿȨ档
ҡͷ˲ôģҪܣôԲأΪЩôɵЩŮŻᾡľΪֻĺˣ˰յȻ࣬ճʳǿܲ׽Ŀǲܻøĺô
ˣһ̶ܹƹŮʳ̰˵
ջģԶԶҸҪࡣ
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274 ϲ

оŮǵķʽклô˵ء
Ϊ͹ԭ򣬿ŮĸðѪԵһһЩʬλز֮ˡ
Ҫ˵鷳ģֵʵһֻ̺ôˡ
ִߣٺõҲֻǰϹ
ƫƫΪˣŮñǲ
ЩŮҲɵ˱ֻϷضˡ
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ĥ˼¾ĥôһַ⸮İ취
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һ˵¾ݳƬ̺ؽʵܺãΪ򣬵ʵв⡣
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տѧڵҾϿԲһ㡣ЩжεʱԿָߡصֵֶͬҲƵˡ
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üȻԸϣտѧ˵ȷʵкܴܳ֡
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տѧͷ磬Ҫ֮ڵĸͬջͬ塣
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Ҫ֪ҪĻһЩ¹໥֮ٶһЩѪԵϵ
ѪԵٽ׼壬ʱȴû˻á
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֮ǿϲ
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275 

һҶԣϵµڱһʱ˶ˡ
ѹ׷׾ˡ
죬Ͻȥ
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Ȼм仹вԸ⵽طϳԿĹŮģһЩδĹŮ
û£ӶЩһεĸǣıЩһԼҲѾɹģĹŮ
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һ¼֦ûһʺȥطϵġ
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֮ǰһͬҲ˵ڸѡϱ֮֮ϾӶܹžŸǡ
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֪ؿʱˡ
ĸǴʲô֣
صЦؽôĸûʸ𣿡
ô᣿ԥµ˵ʵĸǳʺĸдǡͬ𣿡
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ͷİɣЩҶ㶨ص
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Ȼֿκ正ͷ۵أѵ־أ˵ãǾԲȥطϵġ
ֻһλŮȥֻԼĲŸɣȥСطЩ˷ˡ
ƫƫ˲ϷޣһƵ»ޣǰòµһӡ
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ڸȻͣһܵҵסεĻ̫ѵˣҲ
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ĹŮ֮ܶ࣬ѡˣʣҪ˺ʹصĹϵƵϽ
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֮ԾλѡƵġϵԱǴȨǴӴֿǡ
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ǽʮĺŮųͲһС̡
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276 

ʵϣǻæİ˴񶼲УϾٽˣҶͷĻ꣬Ȼꡣ
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Ȼ˲ôģ˵ŮռһĶصĳָܹ׳꣬һָѪǳʢ׳ꡣѰյĻһĶر˵ˣǿҲǿԵġ
һŮܹµİճֱͲˣǰ£һĶǾԹġ
ز̣˳ɣ㡣
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Ǿ齱ص㣬ǸǺسԷΪλÿһĻÿһȻг齱ʱ򣬾רŵĹԱų齱䵽ðսг齱
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ʳӦˡŮˡꡢСַͯͯݶһ棬Ůһ棬һ棬Сͯһһ桢ͯһһ档
Уָͯ6꼰µĺӣСͯ7굽12ڵĺӣ13굽16ĺӣϾǳˡ
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277 ʳ

ΪѾͳƺַݶĹӦ˳ش˰ǰȡӦʱ򲢲ҪٽһϵзĹֱӸܹзַȻȡӦǳ࣬ųϳϳǰеٶҲǳ졣
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С㣬ṫ˵ʱͻǸûȥˡѵ
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ҪַҲǵӶڰյĹӦ˶Ŀֻⷿһ͹ˡ
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278 

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285 

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ΪԼҶˣף
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ϣľ˵ͦԵģСʱ˯С߾Ͷǳ֮֡ɺãӻڶϱأѾʼѰõľϣСˡ
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Զ洸帮غ֪ϲѶҲ˺ܶණ
Ϊ׵ҲûţдһСϣȻÿ춼Ҫ鿴һ飬֮ʥּһС
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YԴĻһͽŻеŮ˴Ƿ²²г˺ҲЩ°ŮӡYԴȴǣЩͽŮΪΨһŮСկͷǳܳ衣ΪկĴ󵱼ңԼǺŮȫŮ˻ܵȺˣկӹúܿڳ£˯ĸ˾˯ĸˡ֮ĹѰŮкܴĲͬɱĸ׳ǵĵع
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286 

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ע⵽ķߵŮӣǸŮӱYԴƯüͣʸǼΪڣһͲͨ
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΢ؿһۣȻ򽯴ûʲôҪ˵𣿡
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ҪҰǰ𣿡ʵ
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287 ס

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288 ëë

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ҪסһӲѡϾڰﱾǱߵ˲ǵĵϸ
ǰϳȥ˵Ҳɡ
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289 


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290 

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һ̣ɫĹâȥĻʲô˿ڣֻһɫС档
ȵС㳤Ľռͻ򿪡
ȴû鿴ǽĿһ˲˲ؿŮ
СһԸоʣСüëţһҪ޲޵ģ
۲Ƭ̣׿΢Ц⺢Ժ϶ǹŮ
Ȼʣµһˣ編Ƶֽ֮Ͻ㣬õķӦҪԴһЩüͷţСҭţҲЩŤŤȥ
СռȼܱȴĵͣӦҲǹŮ׿һȻǾϲˡ
˫̥Ůܴһˣز۵ҲûУ⻹һο
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ɣɣô͵ܳˣüǵأ
ŵܵԼҮҮҸŸİ
⺢ȻúԼ񣬵Ψһ˫۾Ǵϸģˣն
ȴ̫飬أԴ̽ͷһСҪãҮҮ㲻Ҫң
ϸ磬ųҪĸףȴȻһգһǱġ
ðһʮ֣Сӣǲ۸ˣ
ŵԼҵܵʵǡϣŪȥġ
Ȼȴûʱʰӣȥһ´غŮ㽫ǽ֡
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֮󣬾ͿʼﲻĿŵ
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ԴˣձʾˮƽϣҪǿ
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Ů޸ϱܻһȢŮ˵ܰӶֻĺܳΪԼǾĺô
ҵĵǣӶȻҪˣǸʲô
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ӣٻɣ´Ҳźӹˡ
ǰ޸ȻڶһӣСоԾԵСһȻֻǸжȴѾԱֳ˶ŵϲߵľ͸ģǳ¿ˮ
ϧòˣѰۿ
Сһίõ𶹶ЩΣŶ㱧ȥͥɡ
ǸƽĶӣͥǸĵĶӣֱŵСһꡣΪԾصĴѾߵĹϵƽʱڶ档
ƢһԲϾϲѹ˵Ҫá
˵ѡ޸ƽúܶ˶ɳӣڴҲʾɻ£ȴһ붼û뵽Ĵ𰸡
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291 

˵ƽ⼸Ҳ˹Ŀ࿴
ũ˵ˣԼҲԼʲôΪȻϵǣǶҵԼĶλ
ԭΪȥũһ뻹淢зӿռĸλ
»ôЩٵ˵
׻˵úã˶ĵطнûֶӵ취Ūӻ͵Աġ
Ϊũ¾ݲǲֻֻҪ治֣Ҳһֻ۱һֻöܡ
˼СϣЩòʧ
Ȼ鷳£ڸƽȴ׾ܹ¡
ΪԼҲ͵ˣˣЩ˵СϷһ۾ܿ
ԼԵϰﲻæҲܳǸƽûϧץ˼еʺ
ˣڿռ˷һ壬涼Եĸơ
¾ݲֺõı仯۲һ֮󣬱㽫ƽŵ˼๤λϡ
⼸ΪиƽļලһӶûÿβһͷͱˡ˵Ϳ๦ߣҲ㹦û
ģҪ򣬵ˣġ
˵ʵǴضܰѸ¡ϾԼ𿴻ֺ࣬ãʵʲô˵ˡ
ô˵ɣһ˳ľʹŶͬῪڷˣ͸ΪԼ⡣
ߵĳĬǲһģǰĬĬܣȴһ䶼ûȥ
ֵܣֵҲ⼸гɼˡ
ӽиСᣬһǩˣԼȴǸŮƽѾǺܲˡ
Ǿ˽ܵģñ˴ʣһͳɻˡһ˳ѧҲͱС˼¡
ӽ责ҵ֧Ȼҵͷһ֧ѰҲû̫ˣͬһλŮԷΪѧӶԵһ
Ҳǻ󲻾þ˳⣬ѧպСһꡣ
̩͸ϲֱȢ¼ҺռҵĹ㣬ºտ֧֮ŮŮտȴΨһĳŮ֮ԸϲȢһλŮٸ츳йϵ
ͬһӣֱȺȺСһ꣬ȺСһꡣ
ȻҪ˵ӦˣԴ򵱳Ǵ˵壬غһֵܶĬˣȻϵǣȻֻˡ
Ҫ˵ҲŪˣǰһŮȴʧûŮԼȴһУһá
õȡģͽأ֣ͱСŮ
Դس֮ľƺҲָˡοǣͬһӣøŮԼ
֪ġ׳־ġ¾ݻѵÿһ䡪еôˡ
ҲǿЦá
ˣϽι̡ʱŵӸ᷿Ŵغ
Դŵĸ鳤Ϊ˲˱ˣҲǳĸ鳤ģҲ⡣Сǳĸ´󣬿´صˮҪˣƱҪʼֵˮ
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ȸСһι̣һѣųվſڵŵʹȥˡ
æסҲǣֿأҲȥ͵ܵ档
ŵҡҡͷþͺá
ضʱΣӱͺܰƫƫ˶츳ʹԽ
ֲǶ໰ĺӣڱԸĸʵҲ⺢˶ежǺõģжǻġ
ǶɣƢʱʱҪ£ʵȴɺöࡣ
⺢ʲô˵ʲôǲȥ뷨
ػȥ´˵¾´á
¾һһףȥż޸˰׼ҵĵճ׷ѩ
׼Ҳ¼ҵ׼壬ʹصѪѾǳԶˣȴǴصԼ֮ˣΪ˵츳ǿʳڣ屣һš
˵׷ѩĻҲϴˣʮûгɻ飬Ҳ¾˸һһ顣
ǲף֮ദ治Ҫǿˣ϶Էȴһһƽ⣬޹ϵˡ
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292 ڹѸ

´ãҲǧѡѡڵķȻ
Ҫ˵ҸصѪԵϵ׼Ҳ࣬ǱȽԶ֣Ƕȴûа׷ѩͣԲǴصԼ
ͬʱҲֻǼĵմӣλ֮׷ѩв硣
Ȼʵº񣬺ܰѻõ´á
´õѡһֻǸŮǴصĵã鵽ײŮ´ǺŮ¾ΪȺ׵вļΪϲ׷֮һ
ȻȻãļȴЩ⡣
˭Ҳû뵽ĸ׾ȻһƷˡȻΪԼĶȢ´֮жﶼܹΪصԼˣ
ϧǣȵ¼֪ĸ뷨ʱ˶Ѿˡ
ʱٺڣȴѾˡ
Ҳ֪¼ҲΪĸּƷ뷨װ˷ѴصԼġ
Ҫ֪ʮüֵء˵濪ͷǲ޾鷳
Դ֮󣬶ĸͿʼһٶ´õ鷳ƫƫһûзּңͷûаТΪȵظȻŵһΪѶϱҲԲù
Ϊĸ´÷ѵΪ˶ǣˣϱܲ侮ʯͺˣ˵æ
´ıƢǸͲίģͷĸܣɶ֡
Ҫǿһʼϻ߿࣬ȵ֪¼ҲǸɴˣĸΪ´ãǾڸΪҵˡ
һȥԼ֮ܵĶ˻ȥȻҪһ·ˡˣҵϱսͣ
Ȼˣ´õҲ˵Ϲö˳ġ
Ǵسָ´һʳµĴۿĸڶ෽ѹ¶Զϱ˫ƽ
ҲÿҪſȥʳ´Цʱʱǡһڶֳɵģ˵˺ӼԱ
ĸΪҪսĴۿǱȥˡ
´ҡͷ̾ϢҲǶ̫̫̫ˣȻԶǺˬ󷽵ӣһ˵ʳӦ¶һҲԲ꣬ʱ򻹲Ǳ˶ң
ĳŮ˵ǲٹܵģڴĸͼλϣ¾´ú´³ˣҲɸǷʳӦ
ⷽ棬󷽡
ҡҡͷ˵Ե£´ʵȥҰҲҪ𣿡
ȥ꣬غֵµԼҪȥһ˻Ұˡ
һԼ⼸ҲѵһЩɹˣʱˡߣΪһҲӵԼĿˡ
ЩҪԼΪȡ
Ҫȥ´ҲȻ˵ˣȥҰƱػŮǵˣܶȥͶȥҺôҲǸŮܰųųӡ
ͬ´ĵǣصǲŮԿ
ǣԼ϶ȲŮʵϣƴԼǱȲŮġ
Ȼ˵ˣֻվ͹ЩŮһġ
ʵԭǿڳΪԼõýĴȹ֮˵սǧҲΪ
ȻʹûѪ׹ϵΪȽᣬﶼװŶԷѾκһѪˣһгԽơ
ǲ˵գ϶ţҲõ˴һ
⺢ĺգȻ;츳ʤڴӳͳΪ˴صԼʵ֮ͬʱֻ߲͡
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УðźãǺӣҪȥڼص
ȥ´һѵ㽫ŵŸȥҰ
صͷֹǣҲпռ䣬ԽǷڿռȻСһЩǳЩʶǲġ
´ʱԥһȥһ¡
ز㷭ۣðɣԴԤϵˡ
ջҲ˵ȥҰ¡
Ҵһ£֮⣬лŮҲǰҰ⣬ԷڻҰľ֡յ
лŮһ㶣˵֪λлŮ
յͷλڹѸ
˵λлŮΪƿŮǴ
ľǰ½˾λɷʮŮɷ˭ǸõȨͻ䵽˭ڵļ塣
£ԷֻƽҲˡ
ˣĸðޱõģûȫ
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293 ù

ȻлŮֻΪЩ¶Ҳûʲôüɵġ
ôؼɵģλŮʵ
лŮԼǺǿġ
䣬츳Ҳǳ⡣
ȻҪ˵ҪܿλлŮսҲѣֻҪ毺õ˶޳ˡ
ǡ
ҡҡͷԼУúÿĶʵǿġ
¾ݵ˾Ͳ˵ˣǰ׷ѩλøɫҲ
лŮʵ̫ˣϢһȥѾöҪǰҰ˶ʱЩ
ɶҪȥĥһԼҶֵ̲ס
ؾ֪ˣռҵ˳ö´ﲻֵҲԲлŮǿλزɵġ
ô˵ɣ˼Ҽϲɽ亣ζҲСˡ
Ȼ¾ǰ涥ţ˭֪лŮ᲻۾һ鿴ԼҶ
οպ¾ݶסˣҲʲô°ŮĸԼҵİ
ùĵĿɲֹ죬ԼֵСײ˵ø˰ˣ˭Ҳ˰
üëһһҲѵΪлŮŮǺӦģ
һ㶣漴ĬȻˡ
ðɣǵóϣֻҪǿŮͲǺô򷢵ġȻҲ̽ЩŮҰʱ֮ǲȻ
һ̫ˣЩŮѵͲײ
ջصǷģ˴صĿռ䣬ѾаܹŮĿռˡ
ԣ˵ˣǴض¡
㵽ڻŰҵĿռ
ЩίҲͬĿ⿴
¾ݣῴյĿѾ˲ˡ
պ֪طӦԣЩŵסص룬ҾûǸ˼
ĵؿҺӳǽҲҵĿռ䣿
յߵı֤ʱסɰͰ͵ɶܱӳǽ𣿡
ذһ۵ҪٵŴҵĿռ䣬ǾͲ˵ˡ
գգ۾ҪϱȻĿɨڳһ˸ŰԵ˫ۣһǼ֮ǰɡ
غ˺ߣȻſڵڻҰлŮʲô˵һ˵
ǸȻһҮҮ˵лŮϲÿˣ᳤ƯŮˡ
˶٣ǶòлŮ
˶ʱ
һ㡣ȻֲǰʼлŮмӻȥϰˡֻ񳤵úÿĺӣкͳΪĽŮ֮ͻǵݣѾߡжҵĺӱץ˻ȥΪǿȨһֱûܽҪȥǼҵļûĿȥĻöڶĿռǶȻڲһңҪлŮץȥĺҪҲһ׵¡
⣬лŮǿȨΨһһŮ˿ĶǡҲ˵ڴŮԵҲǺϷġ
ģҲάֲ˵ˣС۾Ҳ̫޳ˣҪ֪ǲŮ˿ģôܡ
ͬüίʵû뵽лŮȻһ˷ӣ
οƯŮӻݵѾʹŮ˿ʲô
лŮŮŮԵĵλˣȻѹŮԵĵλ
˵ϻǴ
˵ķӦҲûбǺö٣һ漰ɿŮĶǣ֮ǰ治֪¡
ֻϸ룬ΪĿŮڵطȷʵһ죬ƽͱˡлŮݶ֮ˣ״Ҳ⡣
ԣҲͬΪ
ߣȻҲû취飬̰ɣлŮѾ߰ٶˣͻˣ̾۲Ϊˡ
üͷ˵ʵͬȻĻ˵ģлŮˣܵӰ죬ŮԵĵλ϶ǰĵ͡
ûȥı䣬ŮԵĵλѻָ
֪лŮԼ𣿡նȻʵ
Ȼͷĸȥ֮ǰǶʮ򣬲Źȥ꣬б仯ӦҲ롣
ʮԼڿŮУҲˣҪ֪ΪֹصԼûﵽء
治
Ȳ˵Զĵֻ˵֣˵ʮˣʮˣضµġ

һΣӶǰȥŮʹҿռаɡؿڵ
Ȼκ˺ŮԵΪȻ˻Ұ𵽵Чͷǳˡ
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294 Ұ

ӶҰƵԶˡ
ڻҰ֮ж㣬γеİһһΣȻһº
Уؿ϶ҪȥģԼҲһ䡣
ŮȥȥԸߣʣ¹ŮӶ
лŮ̫պˣԸŴǰҰĹŮࡣͳһ£ҲС´¾´õȹϵ׽ˡ
ȻǵԼҲһȥ
رᳵӼ򣬱ϾпռڣȻȴ¾ݵ˷ˡ
һΪǰҰսᳵӼΪǵ͵ڱ˿ǵ㡣¾ݲص
˵ĵزˣǴȻҲü֡
󣬳˼ŮڿռУغһԼС
ΪƥĲ㡪׼ȷ˵ƥĲ㣬ЩԼֻв֮һܹʣµСŸڶ档
˵Ҳһѵʽ
ǲǸڿռŪУؿźӺԼ̲סڵ
ҲȻġʵĿռ䱾ⷽĹ滮ֻĿǰûѼ㹻ҲˣǱߵļ¼ܹˡ
صͷ
˵ʵУڴض;Ҳ㲻϶ôʡ
͵͵ĥţԼ⻯̥
Ȼ뵽·ֲҡҡͷˣʵҲԺлᣬȺú·ɡ
ʵϣӶ·㲻ϺáȻǵ·Ҳ㲻ϺãΪ޲ûһܵ·£˻ȥȻڵ·һǺӵģǳ·
Ϊ·ʵڲôȵص˽ҰΧѾºˡ
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رΪǹȴպ˷ԺˮԵδڵڡ
¶⣬ս͵ҰһȾףһɫԶںϵһ໥ֻ֮ɫȥĴȾס
ԵмѹײԵãպϷԺˮԵϻԣǾͲùˡ
˼֮Ѫʢ˲ܽҰΪЩ
ԡյҰĿ֮Բ׽ҲΪЩԴӰ죬¿ǡġ
ģһ
յͷˣҲҪʹý罫ס
ʱԭڿռһڹŮҲ硣
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ȻҡҡͷҪǵȻ㻹˵ͺˡ
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̲ס壬ָоͺƤ棬ۣȴһֱ˵ĽȸС
һ̣һʱӦˡ
ǰǲҪһԵȻǻԺͽԵµġҲܷԻҳȻԺˮҲúõȥ
̧ۿȥҰеܼȷǳ͡żƮɢ¶ıɽһȴž˵ĺ嫺׳
ǲǺ·Щǵȥֲܷܿ巽򡣡
⵹ǲõġյ÷巽ΪҰ̫ˣӦ
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ͼԶһƬĺɫʯ忪ǰͬһƿһˣӴܶȥ
Ǳʯ觿һһ룬ǵ㲻˵ţѾ¶˷ܵɫ
һ̣ͼһţ˶֮ͬ˳ȥȻ˫һģ˷ѹƬĺɫʯͻȻ㶨ˡ
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295 

ģ¾˷ܵ˹ȥɴ۾ҪȥƬĺɫʯ⡭̫ˣ
ָ̾ĲֳֹĹŮƬʵĹɫˡ
׷ѩۼֿסӵ֣ЩµҲ̫³çˣ
¾һ㶣Щ𣿡
Ȼܣ¾Ĭһ۵֮ǰ˵𣬿ǴģôܹⴥĶ
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ţϽæѾкˡ
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صǵһο׽˶úרע
ͼһȺԼΧסȻ󣬾Ϳʼչͨ
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СͷԣҽоͻγɿʯýΧסÿӳɹˡ
ò˵Ϊ׳츳츳û츳ԼѪȭͷϣȻһȭһȭȥ
Ҫ˵ֵõˣǱˣȴš
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СС˶һ̩ɽ֮ƴӸ߿ѹ£ΪƲ㴿죬ʱʱԼ⧲֮ſ˵ϡ
˼Ҳ԰æ𣿡
Сɻ츳ûйԣ
ҡҡͷһ̣ͼһɽͷͻȻεطȻȥȻ£ͬ׮һһһײſ
һ˲䣬ڳ˶һ¡
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׽ȷʵһ׵£Լƶʱ㽫׵صס
ԼΪí˵¡
ɵһ˲䣬ͼһƬɫգۼ鲼ǧ֮⡣
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أһѪտڵ
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ѪҺϽʱһúɫĽһ
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һҵĿϵıʶգǸҪرƵģŮĿͼˣֻҪһѪͻֽʶҵĿŮĿҪȫֻҪŵʱû˸ҵĿġս͵
صͷɻЩҲܴ𣿡
ʵסĻ㵱Ȼԡյ
һԵҰĲģһĿסġ
ԣȻο΢ɲҡҡͷȴʲôû˵
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㶨һ챦ʯ˱ٴγˡ
˵ǾûĿĵ𣿡·ϣ¾
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֮·ڼǾԼĻҲǴˮ̳һˮͽǴɢؽԼٻռķ¾ۺϵķ
˵죬ٴһҷЩ֮ץˡ
һץĿ֮ǰҪСܶ࣬ƷȴҪãǺϡеķ
Ȼ޸񣬵ӲʯһıʯҲûг
ǽˣȴһֱûˣҾ֮лŮļʲߡа׷ѩ֮ǰĻ´̲סֹ۵
Ȼܿʵֹ֤ǶôĲʵʡ
ڽҰĵ죬ˡ
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296 

ǰˣһ͵òͣ¾ͻȻڵ
˷׷һ㶣Ȼʶ
ȳպһԼ֡
ˡȳһԼվ˳
ȥǰ̽һ£СĲҪ֡
ȳӦһȻӰĿ֮»һƬӰ
תͷԴؽ͵ȳ츳䣬ȥ̽ʺϲġ
ʵϣȻǴصԼѵЩضԼ˽ǾԲġ
һȥ᲻ΣգЩĵǵ
İɡյȳ츳ǽԼˮҲûϵ̫СЩ㣬ⷽ浹пܳ⡣
ȳҲԼⷽĲ㣬жʱǳСġ
òɽĵطЩˣֻһʼҴɨһۣ֮һֱһʯ棬ϢЩ˵̸
һжŮˣŮ϶һһ㱡ɴֻ¶˫ۺòƲˡ
ĸöȳЩȻûԷ֣ϵɷʵ̫ˣһͲǼ򵥽ɫ
ȻöȳȽʧǣ˲ûκν̸
λŮ໥һһԲĸڿиͬҲûпڡ
ûһֱȥ
һ̳ơθ׳ڵ
ͷҲ̧;ܾ;вơ
ȷҪңЦ֮ʶҪ㣬˵᲻ΪĹܾң
սȭͷûٿڷҲûҪľƸ
ƺ˵Ĳһ󲻿áֻڳƺϰйûʲôķӦ
ȳȴüǰ֮ǰʵ̫ˡ
ܽҰŮǹŮȻǸ˶̬ȡ
ûм˶ԹŮ̬ӵġ
ʱ򣬶ȳҲµЩ˵ݣǲӦлŮ
ˣҪ˳ߴߴˡʱһ˿ڵ
˳죬ֵѵεôɣԲˡ
˵ףҰôҪҵ¿Ůټ²װɣһ˵
ֻܿˣȻǲһֱͣ
˵λ¿ŮǸɫϧˡ
⻰˽˵˵У˿ɵùסԼ졣
ס¶Ф룬ֵЩŮ

źԽĻȳɫѿˣȴŬסԼ
һߣæظϡ
ȳתһ飬̲סüͷô˵ǱߵŮԵλ֪ĻҪͣŮˣ˵ǹˡ
ЩûϵȴĴʵҪܿ𣿡
Ҳ׷׿˹
ûԥ͵ãûӱܵɡ
˵ȴûģԼ
˵ҵǻж𣿡տȳʵ
ȳһ٣Ȼ˵ˣǷǣһʱ֪ͨлŮƺлŮܵһʱϹ֮󡭡
ڳΪļŮǶФ룬Ȼǿֻ˽˵˵Ů
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ϣȻͰ׷ѩı׷Щѿ
ҪЩڳԵһЩѵȻǵʵֲò˼
ü¾˵Ȱͽռ䣬Ҳ÷ʲô⧲顣
ԣڳ˲ûзԡ
˵ôлŮϢ𣿡ʡ
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յǾͼ¡룬ˣͬտˡ쿡׷ѩ֮ᰣ
˴Ӷվ˳
ȻϣǺҵõһʱסǣǽϢȥ
ͨտˣһ˸һŮƱزӽռ䣬ʣ˺һһ˸һԼ
ǣЩ˷ܵ
Ȼ󣬴شŮԼռ䣬̫Ӵ׸֪
¾ݣΪǿĸ֪æ
Щķѩ¾ŵ߬סԼ˫֡
ġؿڵΣգһһʱ佫ٽռ䡣
ΪԼܹ֮ӦԼģһˣһܵһʱ֪
ǱץлŮĿռ䣬ҲܹǶ
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297 лŮ

עԼǰնѵ
߸˶ԣҪڻҰ֮Ǳǰвһ¡¾֪ˣܲٿؿǵϢ©ˣ͸ˮˡ
һҲĿĵѰĿꡣ
㡭һԵشյߣСȺᣬҽռϢһºòã
ҪӦһԵ˳۾Ǳ͵ҪǸҶռ䣬һ㱨
ضʱ¶ޣȴʲôҲû˵ҲûҪռĻ
ۼˣͬصһ̫ãҰߵĻֲ϶Ѿۼˡ
Ȼȴҵ˳潫ͽռ䣬Ļһк³
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һмǰߵʱ򣬶ո˶һۡ
һ̣˼ͬһʱ˳ȥ
ȥĽŻûüأͻȻͷֶˣҪϮȻȴԼѾ˵ˡ
ŬҪȥһԵأȻȴôҲ
ʵϣصãͬվԭأ˶ûлһľ㶵ġ
ͬտ˶һۣȻ׷˿
Ȼ֪ǵͨŷʽʮа˾ҪɹŮʩеġȽŮסһˡ
˳ĪǫͽһӦȻѾˡ
еǹͬ׳û˳Ӧʹ̴ؿڣһ˲䣬ǹ緢˳ûܷһ£ھҵڻѪˮ
׷ѩû뵽һɱ֣״̱˳ֵʽ
ѩͬһ㽫Īǫסܿγһ޴ѩһʼܿѩеǺܿû˶
֮һȭڽϣһ̴̣ȭͷд̳Ƭ̣ʾͱ˴⬡
Ȼ쿸սȴ˳
ķӦҪ˿죬쿵ķмһ˲䣬óԼ츳
ΣŶε̲סһС
Ȼһ̣ͱץ˽ȥ
¼ˣĿһ
˵жǹ츳еҴе츳
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յ֪ոɱ˭˳Ƕӣ²ôӣɱˣ϶᲻ϧһΪ𡣡
ȻϳˣϾһӣյĻǺǮģ´ҲгΪлŮԼ벻ʶѡ
ʱ䣡¾ݴӺ߳ڹ̫ãʱ˾;Ȳˡ
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յȻˣЦһһ̣ܵĿһֲּٶȿʼȡ
ۼţθĿˣۿɼٶȿʼڻʧ
ڵصҲȻÿ˳
α٣ܵһɣؿڿʼڴڵѪ
ȻȴǶЦһһٵˡ
˵ţĿζ䵽պ¾ݵϣνǶ
յ˶ʱ˲õԤС
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Ȼһ̣һǿͻȻ٣̼䣬ܾͳԼ
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ѽǴհһŻͻȻ֡
ռ̧ͷȥͿһɫɴȹҲźɫɴŮˡ
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һ˲䣬ǾͲµݡ˵еĺڹѸлŮ
лŮĿ䵽յϣ¿ŮǺøأȻôεɷΪСɲСõöøһµĲ𣿡
ϵ⣬Ϊ⣬˵Ի˵˵Ѿδ˵Ӱҿŷǳḻľ飬ЩСҲġѣҿǺԸһְæġ
䡪
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298 

ƬըһԵģ֮ıը½
лŮŵˣǱߵԼȴǳһα뺷˴Ӷг˳˫֣̱һһŽǽǰڱըвϱƻס˱ըơ
ǼˣлŮԼ˱
ԼҪ٣Ҫ˵˵ˣһۿȥǻѪˮеĶֶϽͷ­ֱ˵
յһһԵ֮˫ְأһŷĽ̴ӶֹסЩԼĽŲ
տ˳ԶлŮʩչ꣬ȻУԷľͣƺԼⷽķ޷֡
ͬ͸Ҫ˵ˣ޷ԽǸԵԼ
쿴ӹгһֱԣڰ׷ѩزûóȻ
Լʵ̫ˣ츳ȻǿʱûŤתƵԱ㰴
յȻҲĿǰľƣԼȫ˵ģˡ
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лŮ֮ǰľɲ֮󣬺ܿҲֳľơ
գҪߣĻɭӦòЩɣ䡭¾𣿡
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лŮʱͻȻΪ׵˷׷ʧԭء
ͻȻڿռУҲãҲã׷һ
ȴڵߣȥλڹѸԷֹʵû취ʹƣкڹѸѾǿˡ
ʵϣ쿱ؽεʱͷֲˣȻ㿪ʼþۿ緢¡
ǰ꿪ϵá
ˣȻȥ¾æסֵ嶯ԼҪ࣬ǿǣԼñлŮǿ
ؿ΢΢ЦҮҮżҲҪһҰ
ʵϣҲ̫ͬȥ
һ˳ȥɡڵǿԴλսңұ֤ŪһԼ
һԣŮͿŮ֮սǲϿģΪ˱һ޽֮սʵôڶ˺Լ
ȻԣҪˡлŮˣظҲɡ
ˣҡҡͷ淴
صļᶨնʱûˡ
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ʲôĻģлŮǴЦģȻĿ䵽öĿݣǵĻһ۵׸
ģˣؿڡ
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Էຮѣ˵Լ塣
˫ֺϻ䵽˶Уһ̣ԴΪӿɢ
ض·𱻱ã޾ľӵεض̼䣬·ĲǻҰһƬдеɭ֡
˵ĴУ˫ڵ棬һ־˵ƸƣǾ޴ڲ˼Уͷ˾ηĳȡ
Ǵصһνǧɭֺͬʱʩչ
ǧɭΪԼǿٳսΪʵ
˵лŮһڹŮԼѷҲˡ
Ĺһ˲쿣۾Ծ
Ȼ֪Ʒ츳ؼǧɭҲãҲãûƺƴ츳
ΪֻһһƷǰ֡񼣡
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Ƕ͸˵Щ֪֮ٵԼˡ
Ȼ𾪹ЩԼܿÿ϶ҪһԾԾԡ
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ģô£ôңȻлŮڼáȻֻҪ۾˶ܿĵ㡣
Լֳ˸еʣȻȴһʱ˾ͷŮ
ʵϣѾǧɭַɢˡ
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299 

ʵϣлŮԼʵ
ǿ
ʵ˵֮ԼֻһСʵ൱ʣµǱȲǵġ
ȻǧɭڣлŮԼٶ࣬ҲһصԼˣҲָ̼
ԽȥлŮԼԽԽήңɥʧ˶־ֻһҪܡ
ȻҲ֪ǧɭֵΧǸͲܷ顣
գлŮԼ˹룬лŮڵһڹŮҲץסˡ
ģǿŮ㲻ܶңʱлŮڽҶһëҾԲŹ㣡ŰɣһỮȻӡ
زЩԻֱӶþˡ
лŮ۾ȴ޷ֺ
ЩӦҲǹŮɣôôò˼飬ЩŮпڲĵģ˼ǳģлŮһ׵Ůˡ
˵ʵŮ˺ãῴһԼÿŮ˾ҪԷ
ԣڳһ㶡
¾ӵҲ֪лŮ߰ٶˣ֪µ˺٣ڻ֪һ
ееһЩϣĸȱΪ͹ϵЩ˶زûи
ȻʳȺҲǰЩϵġ
ÿһҶԣ϶ڰеĵ
Ǹ֪ϵǣСˡ
˵ǴߵԼлŮǱߵԼҲؿ˹
ȻҪлŮѿɫ
СҮҮ˵ҴĸлŮΪǳ࣬ҲǳȾˡ෴Ҵĸ̶һࡣ
⻰ʵ̫ˣлŮԼ̲סһ
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תͷպ¾ݣһʵŪ𣿡
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Щʧ̾һðɡ
ԣлŮ۵׻һĨ⣬ͷ·˵㲻
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лŮɫѿ
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ԣοھǹעһû·ѡ
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301 

Ȼû˸¾ݾˮȷǵЩ̶ڵλã
һ㶣ȻɫۿɼٶȻҰȥˡ
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ϵأͷҼǵãԲһһ
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Сʲô̶أ
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Ȼ˰촿ضԼԸԷʲô
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гһ˪Ĺӡ
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մһԼʼڣڵʮӣͿʼð̹ˡ
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յĶܿ죬˵ߵԼ˳
ԼҲÿгˡ
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ؽǸϽȥ¾ݺ
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ΪԵģоԼڲ³
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302 ּۻ

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ԸҾ˵һʲô𣿡һʵ
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ʵϣԭҲģ̫ȶˣÿʱÿ̶ڷ٣Ƿȥܣܿͻ
˶٣ҲԸϲȺΪһСŮǿҵԸҲܹɱѡ
һж㵼µģü
ǣҲҪʷǨ֮µĸߵǻȺ෢չ磬ⲢԸ⿴ģҲϣǸСŮͬҽ˿ǰ³ĵײȻֻŮԵѪҺ;ܹ֮ѣγɿռ䣬ӶȥࡣȻܹΪŮԵԼõԷǿӶŮԡ
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صһ漴ЩŭԤϵ˵ȴûκԤʩ
УȻСЩеֲϣΪѿڣѾȶģȻУѾôƵ˲ֻҪ֮عȻһоͻӭж⡣
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Щڨڨ
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Ц˲һ
ҪմĽһŽĸ֣þ֮ˣŮԵĽȵΪĸ֣ڵĽͲعӽصߡҶĿѾǳ΢£ڵ氲ҡ
ĸֿ£ȵнֶعĸ֣ӶعȻعءҾܳ׷ſ֮ѹƣȻ𽥻ָ
صıȴѾˣΪʲôֱӽĸ׵棿֪Ůû˽ͻİɣһɱħ
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ҡʹĿǰܷſ֮ѹƣʧ֮£ˡ
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ҪôЩŮųֲǵԼջ˵ˣֻ˵ҪռҪ٣ܸ𣿡
Ҳŵ֮ԽԽá
صɫѿˣСҿˣľǳǿ󣬶ĸֶԾҲкܴǿЧӦܹеġ
ز˵ôޱվš
ҭһѾû취ˣΪֹҼΨһһмˡˣһ㱨ġ
ʲôꣿ䲻ʵ
СĿһۣԥԥҪʲô˵ãѾǳˣܸôŨķԴ
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303 ȸ״

̶صĴ̸ϺҲ̸ϻ
ô𣿡Ĳɣչĵ
ҡҡͷȥ˵ɡ²ζܵ˭ߡ
΢΢üʶƺʲôѰ¡
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βɼĽֺǲ٣ŮռеĽֶתƵؿռУȻһ˱㿪ʼǰС
֮һ·ھ̶ֱץ˽ʱ䣬ǲŽ̶֪ھһ飬˳Ҳץ˲ٿ
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ӻҰʱ򣬾ǽѾȥ˽£һ˶ƣۼˣԺͼŮ·
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һ㶣СЩԥȷЩŮԸ㣿ϾǸлŮŮн鲻𣿡
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304 ȴ

ȥ֮ǰؽ¾ݺսһڲ̸
Ĺ̡˺ּۻҪһ֣Ե˵һ
ڹȥУһһ飬Լ
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οҪЩƵŮĿռ䣬ûйٷϸ
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صͷҮҮԸңõЩ˾Ͳ˵ˡԣҵȽʵǰ
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305 ϼ

سرʶҪȥ¸סˡ
֪طӦԼڵļƺḮ
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΢΢ü˼ǣȺɽš
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ػȻ򣬡̫ˣ򲻴ĵȷʵҲ罫¶ֻһ
ɵҾû취лŮˡӦŮˡ
⡣յû취ǿģֻҪĽߣͻˡþԲΪһлŮԡ
۾һа취ų
ǵģа취˵ţյıȴЩȥⲮ棬ֻҪԸæ˵лŮųɱ⡣
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306 ʥ

ıǰδغ¾ݶʱˡ
ҡ
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յʥƿŮӣ֮ܳΪƼҼǲƿŮƫģƿŮȥûֳƷ֪ʵС
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տ˵ԶԲϡ
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307 ֮

ʥغʥһģһ°ҹģ
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ȴʥصֻһԺȻĺΪԼضҪѰԼǩһý
Ⲯ͹˰ֻʹһ츳ȻҪôĺô
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ˣռݵԼޡ
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308 лŮ֮

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309 ج

лŮֵ֮÷зЩڵطϵĿŮ֪Ϣʱ֮ǰĲ׷׸ʩѹҪǲࡣ
ȻһڿŮѹ̲Ǳȴ˿ûнչ
лŮ֮ʵ̫ˣ˵ûԼȫǰᣬ˵ܹ˵ͨġ
ȻҪ˵лŮɱҲ˵ͨ
Ȳ˵Ů˻᲻ɱʵϣɱˣŮ˶ӵӣҲǾԲϷЩԼһ·ġ
ֻԼ궼֪ˣʣºԼĺ
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Ȼŭȴֻһ
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ΪȻѾǿŮռˣĽ֮󲻻ţȻʵϣһº󣬴طлŮĿռҲš
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غһ䡣
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310 

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24ˣǰһǰһ󿪳Ůռ䡣òøĸ洫Ȣ˶̤Ƽżˣϧһֱûɹڡ
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313 ׼

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֮⣬ýսԼϾԼʺϲսģеʵԭеĹϵ
ԵԼɾѡܹȫȥԼҺǷҪսȴ޷ġ
ŵŸ¸Ƹǿ϶Ҫսġһ仰˵꣬ؾͷͰͰ͵ؿ˹
һʱЩԥ͸;츳ˣȵһ㣬Լ츳һţ֮֡
ǲòϣ츳ȷʵڣ֮ǿԶ˶Ի츳֪
ǴصԼУܹùҲλ
͸ʮ꣬󣬵ҲСˡ
һԵյ͸ȥɡ
Ϳء
εصͷҮҮˡ
ȻһԵҲ಻סˣأҲȥɣҵı̺ܺõġ
̺ΪԼ츳֡
ҡͷУʮ꣬´ΰɡ
ʱˡ
֮ΪŮӶսȤϻûпռ䣬޽֮սǲɡ
ֱһʲôͣһء
ʵϣرȽͷ۵ʵŮ
ΪŮ˵ǲصԼµġǣƫƫΪŮĽ䵽Լ޼ĵز
ԭ򡭡
û취봿صѪԵ̫ˣƼԼ֮һ˿ΪǵԼ˶Ϊ˴صԼ
ΪǩֹһýЩºʹûѪԵϵҲǵԼȻû˸ô˵˽ܻ취ܿ
Ȼⷽ滹Ǻ̵ܻģǶŲŮԼģգ㱻˵СҲᡣ
˽ĺӡزǿһҪΪԼԼΪ˺ӵǰ;ҲúصԼԼġ
ԼŲ򡭡سüչ
ҲΣҲǰδţƫƫֽ׶֮ڣҲʲôõĽ취
İɣ㽫ӵĿռ䶼Ųռĸʱ򣬱ǹ˼ϣҲܹ֡
صԼѲԭСèֻˣѾﵽ˽ǧ
ֿƺܴ󣬵ǸĿռԱȣǾͲʲôˡ
ͷĽǧá
ϴصĵģʵһҲţΪǺȻǵԼ٣ҮҮͰһᱣǵġ
ʱǾʹڰߣ޽֮սҪʱٻȥԼĿռ䡣Сõ
ͷʾͬ
޽֮սȻҪʱһ꣬սҵʵֻһ¡
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314 Ļ

ڴضԣһȽ鷳¡
ӶİУȲ˵ŮԣԼռ̫ˣȫǼнһԼ
ˣƽʱȻܵʲôӰ죬ȵ޽֮սʱ򣬾׳ˡ
Ĳ˵ǵµЩ˺ͺӣƱҪ˵ġ
˵ˣǴߣôĺӣȫĶտˣƱҪ°æտӡ
Ȼ⵽Ϳסˡ
˵ʲôҪսĴһˣ¾ͬ˼ϾԼʵȻǿ󣬵ЩȥҪӡ
ϣͲ˵ˣСԼǿģܲս
һӿҪͷͺʱ벻˳ˡ
ҮҮСһ˷ܹܵȥôˣ
ʥº͵ŮԴЦⲻǲµǻ鷳𣿡
һ㶣ʥȥμ޽֮սɣҵĺӶ͵ұ֤һٵضǡ
غնһۣԼûоܾء
ӻã˵ˣĵʵֱ´ĺӣҪССĵʱ
ʥʥȻæӣǾһලãչ˺ӻֺ
ػЩ¼Ǳûչ˺ӣȥ˲֪̫үμ޽֮սڼտӡοüֻǹ㣬ûⷽĹǡ
ˣһеĲ׼ˡ
ں֮ܲܲ𻨣رʾ˳ȻͺãҲû˼㼦ëƤС¡
ȥ𣿡ط˲ʵ
ͷİɣȥˣõҲƱ˿ռĲֿС
صͷӦ£أҲź𣿡
µǸƽ˵ͷˣһСֵĻ꣬˻ȥˣƹ롣
սƥأ
Ѿ׼
ݶź𣿡
ֻʣһûˣɡ
ȥ𣿡
Ѿ׼ϵȿսȥ

ϣضûи¾ʳӦ¡
һʳӦѾŵ𣿡
İɣźˡ
лҰǱߡؽĿȷһţһҪˡ
¿ҪйŮҪμ޽֮սҲ˳롣
ǲ֪Ҳ޷޽֮սģΪڿֻţöЩ˵޽֮սǿռڣһͻָˡ
֮Ϊ߿ռлܴĹ㣬һֶˡ
ʱһ˵ñ𣬰źúǣؾͽһԼͽ˿ռС
Լһȥ
սո𣬳ſռ֮ǰٷһԼɵϡ
¾ݵİ£ԼѵصǰȡԵĸ
ȵһйˣ˱㿪ʼԴ
ʵϣҲûǵ̫ãҹɫո֣ݵģƺʲôٴ
һʼҶΪǷȻܿǾͷֲԣҪỬһ˵ĹŹֺ
ȻһǷ·ǡ
ǿռԽӵز²
յͷˡ
ǺȻЩֲʵϣռԽӲûκʵԵ𵴣Żҳûз
֪˶ãֻǰ·εĴֲޱߵɽչʾǵǰ
̫ˡ̲ס̾
ͷ·𿴵޵ɽչ׳ΰκԶ޷ݵġ
ҪʲôһʱЩ¡
ȵһȣӦû߸ϡյ
¾ҲüһʼƽֻͣСͻһ¡
ôһ˵ػȻˡ
Ȼ˵ûöãͿʼиӹĹŮϹ
ȵСԼȻ
Ȼ½أءκ歡нռ丽ӹڴϵĹŮϵˡ
պ¾ȥЩԼͷͷսˣҲһڹŮȥլۡ
ȶȻǰʮһ²ᶯ񣬵﷭ǾͶˡص
صͷǰʮҪʲô벻˵㶼
˵ͷش֪ռ
ռ֣ǰҺĿ꣬Ҳõһ鼦ߵĿռ⡭ɫ˵ʱҪעһ£ϵһٳˣǾ˵ҪˡԣһҪԼԤ㹻ĳʱ䡣
ʱͶΪһ£֮ҿԸʵģܲҪ·
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315 Ŀ

˵·⣬ؿ׼Ķ׼𣿡
˵ͷȻԼռȡһѵĵͼַҡ
Ҹϴ޽֮սļ仭ĵͼⲢռָ֮ĵͼЩͼֻΪοΪкܶռ˿ѾˣԭĿռҲѾ𡣻Щ˵Ŀռ侭Ӷ߱ӶѾ˸ı䡣
ʱ˿̣Ѿûԭҵİ̺ۣһƬϸ塣
ȷʵһλѵõˣΪԸϲӶĵڰ¼ˣ֮ӡ
ӶŮӣ񶼿Ź˴ؽ̸ָòд붼Ѿ˹ޣҲһΪԳûκȤ
Ϸ˼ֻԸӲԸףҲһҲ⡣
ԴˣشӲܣǾԵĻȨ
ҲΪ֣һŮԴҳϵģԽǶҳϡ
Ȼô˵Ҳû˲óĵͼ¡
ȻкܴЩͼòϣпΪЩͼԼʱ
󣬡ؿڵܽһ£˵һ´Ѱҵ֣˷֣ǿ£֮໥Ȼû£ҲҪǿ֪ͨһ¶Է
˶٣ȡһҶӷַ˵ҶܹϢֻҪдµϢҶʾϢ֮ʧһҪע⼰ʱա
ΪҶ츳ڸƽĴģûʲô޽֮սʱȴǼΪá
۵ȻʱŮǱȴˡ
ʵϣÿ޽֮սһһ£ȻЩŮԣȴǱҪһսġ
ÿ޶Լͷ죬˼һɽݶأʮŮȻҪһȨߵġ
ֻҪһΧڣЩŮԼͱһ
һҲһڿռ֮һڿŮһʱ뵽һ㡣
ֻһˣ뵽ĵһ¾ǽΪ˵Ĵųⳡڲս
´صĿռԶеκһˣһڿŮԷûвμӹ޽֮սԼûܼ룬¾ʱѾȥʮ꣬ҲʮݡܣҲһʱ佫ѹȥΪŮǿɲ뱻һѹһͷ
ԴˣȻûкıȴǴղ顣
ϾʮǴܹĲ
Ҫ˵̬ЩҡڵģҲֻг¿Ů޿Ů¬ŮҪˡ
ȻҲԾԼĵ겢ﵽء
Ͼĸ˺ʮ˵Ĳ̫ˣǰߵ
Ȼڷʲô
Ҫ֪һֱЩŮĿռ䶼Ǻ޵Ľ硣վսǰߣӻǧǧŮԵĿռ䡣
ֻҪǵķ߳һȱڣͻŮԵĿռ䱻Ӷᡣ
ֻҪǵķûгȱڣŮԱܰǡ
Ůĵλ֮ߣⷽǷǳҪһԭ
ȻһΣЩŮ֣ԼĿռܡȻѷ
Ҳ˵˵Ŀռܵǵǰ棿
ʲô
һȺŮ˰죬󶼾Ӧǳڴϡ
ҪȻһλδ֪ĿŮ֣һԽǰͷ
Ȼô룬ǶúǸɲܡ
ǣһ£ȴԶǵ
˵ʲôҿŮĿɿڴ
Ȼûо¿ŮĿǰӵеĿռǧĶ츳ĺŮӲͷƤ
ڿʲôЦ¬Ů۾ǧĶô𣿡
޲ɡֿŮǻҰӦòֹĺü
ǧĶǿŮռ䣡׿Ůһ˷ܵҾһ޽֮սǿӮˣԸǣҶаӮˣ
սһԾԾԣ˶Щ
ȻҲ˺ܿ췴Ӧ׿ŮĻǶԵġ
ʱǶ˴½ϲ¡
ǰɣȻĿ꣬Ǵʵû̫ʱˣĻΪĿռ
ϾϣĿ꣬Ҳ˳ţиǺġ
Ȼ˵½ϲǵĺôҲޣȻ˶黳Ըġ
֪޽֮ս˶ԣ½ϲǵ黳Ը
ʱ򣬴ǧĶĿռпŮϣ
ȻЩһֱ˽ĵһڿŮȻĿԶŴˡ
Уһֱϣͷ򣬲Ը˱Ϣ·Ů
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316 Ӧ

һڿŮһµʱ֤ʵ˴ռĴԼʱ򣬴ĶѾʼͻ޵ķߣҵ֡
ǺѩΣؿʵ
ѩΡǰ鿴һ϶
ͽͬȻԸľ󣬸˵ĸоҲӶȴûмˣȻҲûиκ˹ܣһˡ
лŮߵĹŮԼһ֮Ϊϸȫܽʲô뵽ģҲؾ൱ƶĲҩٿƵģʤ١
زֹһθллŮǶԷԼҲܻһȺôܸɵ
ڵ㹻ѩ֮󣬴ؾʹŶǰˡ
Լ޽֮սΣղͬŮ޽֮սǷǳȫġ
۵ѣҶᱣùŮ
ΪֻҪһŮͻռ
ռȻ˶군ҲὫͨѶȵ޽֮սɵѶȡ
޽֮սǾͲ˵ˡ
ȻҲǾԵģʲôʱ򶼲һЩѰ·˽͸ļһ
ͬʱҲˣ紿ĹŮܵ˵УֻҪһЩֵ顪罫˼ҵĳջѹߣǾԲᱻġ
ʱ˿̣߾ֻʮŮһԼû
ҲˣûԼΧߵĶҲᱻڿռԼĿܹעš
Դˣ˶һӦˡ
ȻǸǰҲһġ
ڲμ޽֮սʱ򣬴һֱܺôֱԼվԼĻ˵ģѷĻǵзġ
Ȼսˣŷһж⣬ֻҪվԼĿռϣԼģֻҪվѷϣҲ֪
ǵзȻܹ֪嵽ĸ޵ģֱ档
ΪڣصǺΪⷢ
ں򲢲̽һʼûȥѼ֣ǴһʱֱӽӶᡣ
ڵĵطǷ޵һλŮռУҵҲƻ˲ݮ
Ƿǳջˡ
ȻԼҲ⻯ЩΪ⻯κӶûģ޷ЩͶ
ȻڽһƬռ֮󣬴زˣΪ֣ռƺǷǳ͵ȴ
﷢˺ܶȴˮһЩռԭеģҬӡâܡۡ㽶ʺЩûеˮ
زֻˡ
Ҳ˵ǰ޽֮սûгռ䣬ŮռӦ³ֵġ
ĿŮ
ţĵ׻һĨ΢ָֺܿ
һθ֮ʵĽѵǴεĽѵΪʹͬͷΣͻ
ԣͬĴٷˡ
һѼӺ͹磬ʹȻȥһˡ
ʱѾ֮̽˴ؿռ
ôĿռ䣬𣿡ȴ
һڵĿŮҲͬɵˡ
϶ԣ˵ķӦûôˡ
޵ͷɺһԥѵҪѡƫޣ
ٿˣҲţܵΪԶǡһԵ
Ϊ޵ͬˣ޵ͷ쿨ɽȴûбֵúܸˣüͷôǿƣʤˣܹ𵽵ÿ²Υǵļƻ
϶ԣ޺ͷ޵ķӦȽƽ
޵ͷ޶Цһֱ¶עǿĿˡ
޵ͷ̾˿Ȼ֪ôһ죬û뵽һô졣
޺Ͳ޵ĵλ֮ԳȻ޵ԵʱĻ̵ģ˫ӵԼϡޣԭǻɽ϶ûУ˵Ļˡ
ⷽ棬ҪһЩΪﱣ˳Ҵ壬ȴġΪĶ࣬ǵսҲǿڹȥ޽֮սơ
һΣһˡ
ȻӦͬ޶ͬΪǰȥ̽Ǹ󵽳䵱ǰߵĿռ䡣
ڴصظϵʱѾдԼʼǰĿռ䡣
ʵϣûֱץסˣɱԾ󻼣Ȼܿ챻ˡͨŮɵĿռֻ̮һСֵùôкܴļʴеġ
᲻ԼǡôŮС£ŮԿռ𣬳ŮǺƸ޵˶Ϊ
Ȼˣץס޵ĹŮһҲʹˡ
һŮĸһϸɱ⣬ǲǵù
ʳΣֲöԷôѵȥĤһ
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317 ս

صĿռӭһһ̽ߣȻֻҪϣûκԥԼɱ⣬Ůߡ
ҲǴһ
Ȼˣĸɴ䣬˻Ǿﲻѡ
ϾɱĲͷ޺ͷ޵Լ޵ԼҲûп
аѾޡ
˶ʶҪˡ
ˣǻֻţߵʵ̫ǿˣȥԼһȥأûһ⡣
Ҫ֪ȥԼȻʵǿģȴóģȻôһȺˣһûл
˵ʲô
˵βӵҰģӵкҰƥʵ
Ѿľˡ
ֹǣǼ·Ů˿ַչҲˡ
ȵǼصʱȻ̲ס
ΪʲôҪأ޺޾Ͳ˵ˣһͰȫˣѵҪһ𣿡·Ůככ
ôذһۣ̹Ȼ˵ԼĴ㣺˵ãεĿеĿŮռ䡣
ˣ¬Ů۾19λŮ12λŮ11λŮ8λŮ9λŮ
16λŮ˵Ҫ59λŮһ򾡣һŵǽ̤ʵһЩòã
ǿ׿Ů°͵ҵûϵ򲻴ùȶһĿǲǣ
䣬ͱŮ˸ۡ
ȴǾԵһҵĿռռǰߣһƻҪҪһ
ʮλŮм¶ȴԼͬ˶䡣
һսΣصɹʣսǰ߽
˼ǡ¿Ůü˷ԼĿռ䣬ǰս
صͷֻҪǰסˣǾ˵Ŀռ䶼ȫ˲𣿡
޿Ůһȷ̫ðˡ
ǰʧܡŮҲһԥ
׿ŮȴһԾԾԵҵǾÿԡ
һ϶ʤİա
˶٣ˣӦѾҿռ˰ɣ
һڿŮһۣ˵ϻֻҪ۾ܿռˡ
ǲʣؼǡش
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ͬ⡣
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һʱ䣬ӶæµյϢĹŮԼǰߡ
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ڣǿԿʼѡԼĶ飬ÿѡһˣ
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ǰȥռŮռ䣬ָս¾ݡŵܸˡ
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װؿͯ£˵ͷߡ
Ȼһ̣ʹڵһλ޵ĿŮռС
ԷԼûзӦؾ˫ֺʮһ̣յͳ𡪡
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318 

֮ܵ˵Ŀռʩչûԭġ
֮ǰ˵ͬǧɭ֣ʩչ֮ĵĲܵԿ
ˣȻὫ֡ԼռУϾҪԼ̫ˣɲԼĿռ䱻ɡ
һ֡ãЩԼӦ֮ǰͯ¾ʹŴسˡ
Ȼһ˲ǧĹϷɳάϵ˼Լϡ
ߵԼûмҲ˵ƽԶԡŮԼ¹ŮԼûˡ
˴ʱ˿̣ѾεĴ㡣
һȻôģʹһѵɣ
λͷ׷ױʾͬ
λͷһӣԼ㳲޶
һߣ֣ͬͬԼӭȥ
ͬʱΪ׵һԼͯµĴ¿ʼзĿŮռ䡣
սһ˫ԼһӴ̱
޽֮ս޴ûйҵʱ̡ȥȻҲսۣǷɢģ㳲
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㳡棬治ɫŮȴ̲סɫ
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ôľ룬˵֧ǸﲻзģȻ츳֧֮ȥͣɾһλԼĲ
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츳ǽ磬޽֮սֱԱȻһΡ
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˼ǡ¬ŮЩע֮ܿͿŮ˵
ġŶȻ̲סЦû뵽¿ŮȻĵƣӮ
ǶˣսԼȻҲˣһʱʿٴܵ衣
һߵӶҲʼжˡ
жּ䣬ڿռĿѷصĵзԼûзӦѾˡ
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͵츳ƻԵģѡһɽֿռ䣬֮һ֣ܵľЩ뾡һа취Ȼȴ֮մȾϣ뾡һа취û취ջ
ͥȻһԼʵһȺҰޣӵԦԣҰ޲õսѡ
ѧ츳쫷磬ںռУź磬ֱҪá
ȻҪ˵ֲʵȺ
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322 ޹

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324 ͵

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325 Ʒ

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328 

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329 ׯ԰

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330 

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Ȼкܶ໰Ҫ˵ʱ̫ˣָոհȺúϢһ£̸Щ
׿ֻһСطϢȴݵúܿ졣˵ڶ죬Ǿ֪׿С塣
ϣһЩƢļһ
˵ĺӲʮһ꣬˰ɣ
㶮ʲôСƢſ£ǿɲ㽲
ҵ֪ׯ԰ҲӶˣüĺиƾͺˡ

һӣСϵ۶Ǻйصġ
ȵͫ˳ʱΪòʹϵĲ죬һӱϳǡ
Ȼ󣬲ߵͻһƬ
޹ЩڵǿǸʲôϳ˰ɣ
ͫһӲµǣסֵİɽ㣬ǾǺ档
ΪһСӦúȱԴȻһ֮ȴ׿ƫƧȴ㲻
ΪһӰɭֵĴڣ׿ĳЩ̵ĵοǷǳߵġ
ǻߵꡢҩꡢ̡ߵЩ
Ȼһ걦ĵꡪ˹˵һڵ۹жзֵƵˡ
Դˣ˶⼫ˡԵĲ˵ӰɭеĳʵڷḻǴ׿չʲôȽϷ㡣
ȱǮˣȥӰɭҲǲѡ
ǲǿЩ˹ˣһʳĺ͹߻ȥ޹ʵ
ͫҲ
˵ͷҾдš
ȻһЩŵģ緽ʽҲ֮һ
Ҿͦõġ޹۾ûжҸоࡣ
ͫԴûиоģ˵ͷȷʵˡ
Ϊ˿׿򣬽죬ÿ춼ȥɹΪСӵģǶǲ̫䱸
ǲǻƢ֮󣬴ҶǺܿ
ǻðЦСͫǴϲĶˡ
ͫС㣬ׯ԰ƸӶ𣿡죬ڲɹϰһ߸ǵҪòһߴ
ҪģȻҪġͫſڹ̨ϣ˦Сȵõȼ˸Ϲ֮󡣡
ϰﾪȵﻹ𣿡
ȻˡͫЦеֻǺͼɢˡѾдŻȥˣܼܿҲǾͻϹǻ͡
һ˵ϰԱߵͶһۣ뷨ͱˡ
ܿ죬׿ľͶ֪ˣհλСﻹˣȼĹܼҸϹׯ԰ͻῪʼƸӶˡ
ôһǽһЩĻ˸סˡ
׿ϾӰɭ֣һЩʵ˵ðߡЩУէС嶯˼Ŀɲ١
ֻʱģֻҪйܼҹʱͻá
ħյŵܹܼˣһҲҵʿʼѡǰȥׯ԰չħˡ
ܹܵҪȥϧֵò̫ˣû취αװ
òϣֻҪһ׾ܹ
֮⣬ʿҲУòǶ䣬ҪαװҲûа취
ʿȴǲ뿪ģ뿪ħһӣǾûܹסˡ
գݽׯ԰Ĺģѡʮˣʿһʮ˵ʿСӣ֮Լõܴ졣
ˣһ뿪ħƺƵǰׯ԰ˡ
º󣬵׿˶ʼλС֮ǰѵʱһ˵ִ׿
һʵĿЩпŮݵʿͲ˵ˣЩˣҲȳҪˡ
ЩѲɾүǵܹܣ˲²
۷׷ף뿪˳ӣҵһһߵʵϰ壬ʽׯ԰ôߣ
ǣҪȥׯ԰ģ˷ܵغ
ߵϰָ·̲סʵλүСҵ𣿡
ǵġº͵үСǵĹܼңҽ
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331 걦

һеִʱͫѾׯ԰һˡ
СϢʵ̫ˣ˲Ÿ·ͨ籨ˡ
үλС㣡һӣ͸Եǰ˱ǡ
ȹŰܹܣҪñͨöˡ
·ϣֹһνҪעƺǧܺħ
Ҫܹܣ¸ǵԼðԼ
˫һѲһׯ԰һˡ
ȻһЩʤڵط󡣡ɨһׯ԰ڲĽüЩ̫ˣƵؽү𣿡
ҡҡͷ㰲žͺá
Ǻáɴະһ˵ȥһõؽڼֻίүסõˡ
֮⣬ׯ԰һЩԵİš
ׯ԰ǳ󣬾ôЩϧˣŪ԰ôѾǳܻӭպδ÷˹óѾơ⣬Ѿƿ϶Ҫйˣ׿򣬲þǲøС˵ԼĴ㡣
ͫһǾڸƽѰɣҪһġ
ȻЦ
ǣһ˺ܿͰõ꣬ׯ԰ؽҲʼճ̡
Ŵׯ԰ҪѾׯϢϵ˶ͫǵ̬Ⱦ˺ܴı仯ࡣ
ͫС㣬Լĸңȥһ
ү̼öˣõǳһ
޹С㣬ϴβ˵ǼҵǾޱúõĸ֧

ھŪ˶ˡ
ȻҲЩ֮ôڣʵΪԺڽׯ԰ɻ
׿򷱻̵ʵϣ׬ǮЩ̼ңͨϰյӲúõȥȥӰɭԣƽǮ
׿ҲԼأҲֻ񲻶ӶѡҪͺȥѧ߳ԴϺһЩǾûˡ
Ƕԣׯ԰ѾׯõĻᡣ

紺Ŀɾ͸ǵĺ䣬ͫˣڱﲻϳ
һһδڣϤĽŲʼӽ
ϵıӱƿͫ۾ɶԷ·ãȵëʣǵⶼˡ
ſԷϣŹǷʵ𣿡
ˡһεؽŵϣȻѥӴϡ
Ѿ˹Ƹ𣿡ͫŷֺʵ
ׯ԰Ķ鶼ųϳˡ
ͫϴã˳ȥʱ޹ڰͣһ̲ס˸ۡ
˵һʼûͫҰģദɵԷڵʲôˡ
һʼǲģ룬ʲô
˵ͫûбħõĻˡ
˵۾˶ܿħͫжж⡣
ͫһֱûûεģ⣬ʱҪħί
ׯ԰У˶ǰƸľԡ
ͫſ̨ϣֶоȻֹͨ񣬻һЩðߡ
ЩðôҲƸˣֵ
˵ǰ޹ЩðҪôҪеģҪôʵøɲһвòеģҪôǽϴֺҸǮ·ӵġ㲻öܣҲñͨ߹󡣡
ð߸ͨǺ׷ģǣǰߵǲģߵġ
˵Ҳ֣Ӱɭֵð߻ҪǿһЩҪսʤħޣƾġ
Ҫ걦걦İ˽֪
Щԭһð߶ԣҪ걦ݵķǷԼꡣ
ִᣬҪǮʱ򳵣ûбĶˡ
Ϊָ겻ҪܵӰްˣʵϣҪСֻ࣬Ƿָʮ֮һڼʮ֮һҲԲܡ
Դ֮󣬱֮ʹĥģܵӰҲûС
ԭ޹һֱΪǱ˵ȺȻᣬǲŷָ
뷨֮ԱǵôܣģֻǸŮˡ֮ϣʲôǣȻҲˡ
ͫǲЩʵȤģЩ걦
һʼͫЩĶǵִŷ֣걦ԣ൱ԴϺûġ
䣬ӵеԵĹϵܶ걦ţĺøС
ǵģûĺøС
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332 

걦Եǳб걦¶һģҲ걦һ겻ģΪ걦ȥѰԭ˵ġ
ͫϣķ˶񺮣˶Դ걦̬ȴǳѺá
ַ·֮Ϊ̬ȣһû취걦ˡ
Ȼܿ죬ͷֲб궼걦ġ
˵걦ǿɰġ
ʲôͫͷƤĿǰذס
ͨΪ֣ȴذϳһżԹ޵ס
üиͼǱׯ԰սɵսƷ
ʿõܣҲǽׯ԰ʿӵĶӳ
ذײ鿴һüذõ궼ġ
ͫһ㶣˼ǣ
Щ겢Ը׳ġɱȡꡣ
Ⲣ֡ҲȻΪаǲ¡
ͫĬȻǰǿвСļƽ£ôڡȴԲˡ
Ҳ꣬꣬Ʒ
Ĺ֮£˵Ӹùˡ
䣬еǿҪ걦ǿĻᶼûС
ֹذסȡһҩǿ
ǡ޹ɵЩҩԭϣõӥҲƵҩһ۱˳
鲢ټǶΪħĹҩ
ҩȻһЩЧãͬҲʹľ񺣱ռݡö֮ܵȾģؿܻᱻ塣
׵ͷǸ··ǳףҪҪ⴦
ѶȥȻ취˷ˣ׺ں棬ڱĵط
°İˣֻʺϸߵǽһЩȽϺá
׵˵ͷӦˡ
ͫüˣôܵ׿򣿡
һ֮⣬˶Ͻׯ԰
Ӧòᣬׯ԰ĿǰչֳĶӦòϡ˶٣ǱֻǸС
ףʵǸʵΣ
ͦİɣԥµǰذ׶һºЧṴ˵Ŀ־ǶûʲôЧҵǵһƾˡ
׵ѪͳصܵӰСһȺˡ
ҲˣһҲò׼Ǹʵǿ
ˣˮڰɣȰ˵
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ҲҪģֻҪ磬ǰ˺󶼲ܳƺħ
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ͫüĻ֮ǰĵ᲻ǹӶץħ̵ģ
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ʵҲˡ
磬ħ޴Ӱɭ˳ׯ԰ʿȥæˣһŽֻħ޸ˡ
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УǵðͻȥȻ׿ûаˡ޹ŭ
ȥ̣ͫ̾ЩѾˡ
С㣬鷳ȥǶһ£ôġ
Ӧһ뿪ˡ
úܿ죬Ȼ˵Ĵȴ˵һӳȥ
˵ˣ׿򳤲֮꣬ǰ򳤣˾ˡ׿ľҲкܶǴӹģԭסֻǺһ֡
ʲô˼޹ˣѵÿһ£׿˾Ҫһ
޹С̾
Ҳ̫޹ֻҪˣôôóɱ
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ԲУ޹޺޵ԲЩóѡ
ѡҡͷʵѾóˣֻ׿ڳе
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333 µ˹

׿ĳɳǣһ죬ɳһÿ͡
µ˹һطҵص鱨㻨Ǯ鱨
׿鱨Ļ鱨Щȵ̧ͷһۡ
µ˹˵ͷҪǮ㾡˵
׿鱨󡣡鱨˽һţƤֽݹȥ20ҡ
µ˹ɴ20ңţƤֽˡ
үΣһصùݣµʿΧ
𼱣һû˵ţµ˹ȡţƤֽе鱨
ݲ࣬ʮͿˡ
ʱµ˹ɫѿˣȻ˹ǸһﻨǮȥץˡ
׿Σǵ
Σµ˹ɥֻǸС򣬹ĥ伸죬ûлˡ
˹ү̫ˡŭѾŵ׿򣬹λѾ֮׸磬ôܹ
µ˹Ĩ˰ȲЩȥ׿򿴿ɡ
үɵڵ׿̫Σˣǲǹһʱȥɳһȷׯ԰
ʵ뷨׿ظûоӪļֵֺãɳǣûΣաȷүļױ㹻һʳˡ
УһҪȥµ˹ҾԲ˹óѡ
ȻôܲöԷóѣʵһ취ûС
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ʱĽׯ԰ȴǼΪæµսֻׯ԰ħȻȴв˵Ҫ
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üûôֹۣ˵˺أ»᰾ȥ
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һԵ״ȣׯ԰֮ħͽ֪ͫͶס
ľˣͫʵ
ҡҡͷ̫ãȻ˵ֻҪӳ׿ܶⳡΣգȻ׿˴ӹ񡣺ò⼸ܳһҵףǵҵҲڷϣҪǾôˣ˵ԺҪûжֻ̲Ҫһ²ܻܲ֪
ϵħ޽𣿡ͫʵ
һʼׯ԰ʿȥæȻڣׯ԰Թ˲ϾȻܳȥæ
ȻûС̾ϢҶڼĵؽУòħ޴ȥñħ޷֣Ҳֻร
Ϊߵ⣬ҼһὨؽѡ
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׿ľһֱƣΪʲôһ
Ѱ
ҪԣС۵׵Ŀ󣬵ĻʱˣҪȥԣҪţԼҲעⲻ˷֡
ͫͷ
Ҳһ𡣡޹ŵ
緢ˣħԼһԭûС
׿򣬶ھ׿һξһܶ
ҲΪ˱ӰɭֵħЩԱж˺
ʵϣ̫ܶСˣһὫ˰Źѡ
ǴҩƷ̽Ա򳤸˼ˣ˵˼һЦҲ֪ЩܹʲôʱڻǺõģٹһʱ䣬ЩҲ̵ħ޻ֱһ
ȴͫǲġ
˶һۣ鶼
Щħ޻
ٷĻѲҪǰһ׿ľ˴룿
ͫüͲܻ㱨ȥ˾Ԯ𣿡
ûõġ򳤿Ц׿ûԼ£˹Ԯ׿Ҳòˡ
ȥԱɡڵ
Աһٶλ˵ñȽص֣д붼ûΣա
򳤣ǴҩҪһЩȸԱϴһ˿ڣҩɡͫҲŵ
ĿҩĹ͵͵ǽơ
ԴˣȴЩԥ
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334 ù

˵ɻЩЩ˵ܰȥ˲࣬ҩޣҪǵˡ
˶٣֮һиҪ˵ġǲŸջҩ˵ȲǴģ˷Ҳֿϧġ
óȷʵû˽ģҪȸˣͫμˡ
ֱܲ˵˺ҩЩ˶ܻɣ
֮£ֻͫû˾ͽԱͲò뿪ˡ
ģ뿪֮ǰ򳤵ߵĵط̫СˣҪĻԽŲµԱ͵ׯ԰Щʧȥĸûչ˵ĺӣҲ͹
򳤴ϲһм̫лˡ
ҡҡͷҲԾౡ֮
򳤴ĵ׾λС嶼ǺˣЩֻ˵Ĺүһٱ
˲ᣬæϻϣʼŽԱͺׯ԰
ȻҼҽŻϢͨ˾С
Ҿ֪ͫС޹СүǺˡ
ǰǹүһǾͲùˡ
ĹүǣɷҲ
ЩɥĹ壬бӦġ

µ˹ʱ򣬴ӽ߹˾е
󣬵ãһ
ι˳˰ֻһʮ˵ʿЩʿ׷ɸģжĻ˵
˺ܶţȻ˵˵ȴûԸš
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Щ˲ǱˣǴ㽫һЩ¶ȥׯ԰򳤡֮⣬һЩͺǵ׳ꡣ
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µ˹ˣȻʱô˴æùǺʵûչЩ
µ˹ûӦǰһȺ˾߳ʮˡ
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ȥͽԼİŸˣ򳤽͹ʱ򣬽ׯ԰Ѿźˡ
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ԥµ𣿡
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µ˹µ˹ԥµʮʿӦӦӰɭֵħޱɣ
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ҲָЩʿܽħ޶ϳڣܼһ¾Ͳˡ
ּ򵥵Ҫ󣬰µ˹ûԥʹӦˡ
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335 

Ȼܿ죬µ˹һΪѵ⡣
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ݣŮӶ̰µ˹ðµ˹ҪһЩ£Ⱥ¶ŮӶ
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Ϊʲôµ˹
Ӧǳİɡ¶˵СǵĲ²⣺Ȼźˣ˭֪ʲôʱүСǵĳ˲ûǽлȥ
µ˹üÿɷ֮⣬ׯ԰ڲЩĹ¶
ͫǵȻµλµŮӶǵ£ŮӶ֪ĶһЩϵϢǸ⡣
ǿǵģĵܸܲıǰľ棬׿ˡ
ѣǳѡҡͷʹʮʿʲôãҲ򳤵̸ˣ˴ǱŹġ
ͫ°͵ɻɣ׿˴ġ
䲻ôһը˶ըˡ
Ӧòɣ޹ɵҿǻ˰߸ŵǸʿƢ̫õӡ
Ҳ˵ʲôõ£ǡͫΪ׿Ϊĳ˶ıǣ׿򡣡
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336 ʥŮ

˵ȴѲǻܰλˣ
ͫʱɥǰҲûãĿǰûκΰ
Ԥǰ㣬ļ죬ԽԽϾˡ
ԭЩħ޽ĿΪѰ̣żйΪڼǰ¡
ȻƺһδεѰ޹Щħ޵ģǿʼԸƻΪйеŭ
һʱ䣬׿סʼ⵽ƻԽԽľˣҲԽԽԱ͵ׯ԰
ʵϣׯ԰ߵҲǺܺãԽԽħҹ֮ׯ԰е˵ľ񶼴һּƣ״̬
ڰµ˹ЩʿȽãǵİ£ׯ԰ȻҲһЩԱû
Ϊ㣬ͫ˶Űµ˹̬ȵǺһЩ
Ǽˣׯ԰һЩʧһӶסķݶƿˣ԰ǱҲʧѾʼҹ
ͫڣׯ԰治õʵ⣬ҩﻹʳռܳԼҲ⻯
ȻΪ¶½ׯ԰ʮʿҲЩ׽
ͫͷۼˣҪҳְɡ
СҲħ֮Ҳûʹеʹ˱¶롣
޹Ҳ͵ǰǱ֪ͫһᱻоƷץ
ͫ¶ΣȻ֪жΣˣֹ緢ȴֻһһζίʵܡ
ҹҵĽŲȴţͫѾЬ˳ȥ
ʲôˣƿʵ
һһֻɽϮ˵ؽѣѾ˸ϹȥвٺѾˡ
ǸϽȥ̱ͫ˼˵һ˯۾
ǲܳһξ룬޹ҲŴ˳
һܵؽѵʱ׼ҲеҪһٱ
ԶԶж׵ʿսͫ˰ĺӣ̲סʵô
ؽסĶǺӣᣬЩûһǰȻģȥĻȥ˵ˣЩѾ˴
شɽ޳óأЩһͻȥˣСĺӻֱˡ
ûʶͫһϲ
ͷЦԾʩΪ
˵ͫһҲҵֱ֣Ũ̹鲼ؽѣ˲ϢȥкӵĺƽԾɻԣϵȴѾȫָˡ
µ˹Űʱ򣬿ľĻ棬˷׷ɵˡ
ͫתͿɵվŵˡ
ʶʲôǶʱɫ䣬ȻʼҪҪɱڡ
ȴʱµ˹ĿİʥʥŮ
ʥŮ
ͫˣʲôʥŮ
תͷǣȻȻҲ֪
ʱ򣬰µ˹ȴѾ˷ˣһ˷ܵؿܹͫʹһʥŮԲԣģû뵽ԼȻܹʥŮҲ̫
Ȼˣ˵棬Ǻˡ
˵һԵİҲˣһ仰˵
ͫȴˣʲôҪʣǱ߶ȴǴһʿˡ
ˣǻֻɽ޵ʬ塣
Щջħʬ岻ⷽǵ㾭ʧȫܹ
Ȼֹһֻͫȵ
׵ɽȻӣڸϲͬһж
£ͫȻǲܽµ˹ͰߵġƺԼĴһ֪Ҳû뿪Ĵ㡣
صͫĥҪôѯʵʱ򣬰µ˹ͻȻ߹¹ץֵС㣬Ը޸𣿡
ֻҪԸķˣұؽҵҳϡ
Ļû˵꣬˾Ѿ˳ȥײǽϡ
µ˹κͿվͫǰĿһ㿴Լ
һͫСһλδС㣬Ȩ
Цͫδûûδ𣿡

µ˹һ㶣֪ʱߣСү¶ȷʵ˵£ôˣ
Լүǡûʱ򲻻飬ûʱֻˡ
һʮˣ˼ҿŲ߰СŮ飬ô
µ˹ʱ¶ڨڨ
ʱ޹ȴڳ侲ˣĿɨ±Ƶúŭɶħµ˹ʵͻȻ飬ΪνʥŮݣ
ǲ֪µ˹ˡ
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337 뷨

ȷʵһԣµ˹ֵ˵Ϣô𣿡
ͫ˽䱸Ҳԣǹʱ򻹶ǺӣƴҲʥŮ¶
µ˹ҲûԼ֪˵˳
Ƕ֪̲޷ӳģҪʹҪ걦ȻʥŮȴˣʥŮҪ걦ֱʹóҪǡµ˹ĿƵʥŮͬĵĹܵףӴ˷˳
ͫüԼ϶ʥŮϾܵףʲôģְôף
ҪڣȴͻȻץס֣Űµ˹Ҫʲô
µ˹ӵǸҺôǸ㿴гΪһʸ𣿡
˵һ䣬ͻȻ̧ͷͫ۾Ų˼⡣
ԼүʵǡôͲ֪أٵõȴ֮˽֮һʳ⡭
ͫգգ۾ոո飬Ҳ⣿
µ˹Щ˼׻ǳԼӵ˼˵ͷ˵ĲǼٻԸ޸ңһһϸɷ򡭡
ʣµĻȴֲʧˡ
Ĺ壬ΪʲôԥҪΪһλ޹췴ɣΪʲôôԥӦЩ𣿡
ʶôãµ˹ıû˿ء
븴𡣡˵ҪΪĸױ𡣡
𣿡ͫͷһ档
µ˹ҵĸǸ׵ԭ䣬˵Ϊԭ䳤ӣӦܹ̳ĹλģȻ
һЦȴٳٲ˵Ļ
ֵͫѵΪ;ĸҪ𣿡
Ȼǡµ˹Ĩ˰ƺԥãȻŵҸ׺ĸײ飬ġҸ׷ҵĸףǧȢĸסǼΪһֱꡣȻһ꣬ҵˡ
ڵĺĸղֻһӾŮܹ֮޸ҸףΪĸ׵ܡ
ĸ׵ܣͫһ档
µ˹ҧҧĸ֣һѪ֡
Լ˼УԲûпͫ˵ɫһ˲ˡ
Ѫ֣װɻصûмǴĻѪӦֻħаɣ
µ˹˵ͷȷʵˣĸǸ⡣ĸһĸ걻ħץ磬֮ƾòΪһλ鸾Ҳ˻һɡ취ҵĸ磬˶Ůֹò˲ҪȥĸΣգĸõϢϻȥҲֻĸ״˳ˣĸ糤ĴѪ֡
˶٣ʱ򣬸׶ĸ׵ĸǳӣзŭквᡣȻɵ۹ϽͨġѪĹǱ֪Ҫġ
˵鸴ӵشԴҲ֪ôģɱĸףȢ˲Ůʿҵĺĸ滹Ĭ˺ĸҵĴѹ취ȡҵľλ̳Ȩ
˵ΪܹȥȻǲ࣬Ҷԭɱĸףͺĸĸ׵ļֳΪޡ
۾ῴ׶ԺĸһʼȷʵĽᣬǺദȷʵܺ
ͫ˶ˣû뵽Ȼ顣

ôáһҲ֣ͫؿŰµ˹ʵ
µ˹һ㶣漴ЩΣҲЩʧҳòĸףס
ͫ¶ȻһԵôҪʥŮͷ췴
µ˹ͷɵ۹ΨһһȫųѪĵ۹ı۹Ȼ߸ף֮ɱĸףΪңΪκˣΪԼΪһ˽ųˡ
һҵĺĸΪ˼̳оλҲΪκԭˣŮ˺ҵĸףɱȫΪ˱ĸ𡣡
ˡ˵ͷôˣ¶ʲôôأ
µ˹ˣԥʵҪʲô
һ̣ͫĪµ뷨ѯʵĿ⣬΢ɲص˵ͷ
ȻڵϣܹͳƬ½ȻֵĺϷλֹץ֡
µ˹ˣûӣҲ֪ԷҪЩĪ˵һ࡭
ȵȣ
ؿÿƯò˼ĺӣʧѵǶ֣
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338 

ү˵ʲô
Ļڶ΢Цıʧˡ
һֵؿµ˹үǺ֣
µ˹ıҲ̫ãЩ׵ġ
ôԼҲֲȻǻѪġͫЦе
µ˹סȭͷ㡭ҪʲôĸȻǴѪ֣Էǰûиֵ
ο˽Ҳ糤ĸ׺ǲһġ
١ĸ׾Բа
Ŀ⵭ҽһ£ħħˡ
µ˹һŵòɳȻͫ㡭Ҳ֡
ͫ˵ͷɻʧ
µ˹ɥʥŮֻࡣ
ּ?ʵ
µ˹һ£ҡҡͷȻûּǰûĸʥŮ֡
ûּ׼˵ͫʥŮʥŮڵңǰЩʥŮʲôͫʲôԱȹ𣿡
µ˹üǰЩʥŮܹʹȻһµЩʥŮȻʹõƺͫǿ󣬵ףġֻҪʥŮϵĵĹھͲκȻֺ
ôͫ˸۵ȻûףֲܴֻҪӣ̼ܴʮĶʳʲӵףҪǿöࣿ
֮ǰƼܣȫʩΪĻһܾǧˡ
ѵȲʲʥŮ
ͫѾµҪˣȻҪ
˵ģµ˹ϲ
ҲŲءͫԼʱʲôҵֹЩ֤һ
µ˹ҡڲһԵ޹ͻȻڵͫ۾ɫġ
ɫģµ˹۾
޹ͷǺһǳɫ
ǡµ˹ҧҧǽʶͫʥŮǾ˵ת
ԡڵ
֪ΪΣܾͫã˵ֵʱ鼫Ϊʹ졣
µ˹뿪֮һԵĶ׵˵ͷʿȥǶ͡
㡭ûˣ޹¶⡣
ĻνʥŮʵİˡ

ͫ޹ˡ
ô֪ͫɻ
ҿءڵ鰮ϵǸŮǱ׷ɱӽħġԭΪܹӶ˵ϣһʹȻȴһλʥʩչħʵͨӶġ
ΪħŮҲ˶׷ɱһʼֻǶħΨһŮе棬ȴ˽
ǸŮΪ˽֪֮ϣkܹؼҡΪ˻ȥˣǴֻҪҫħֶӦ
ΪΪʱڴ֮һֱڣħõأ뿪Եk϶Ӱ졣
ʱҵλŮ̸ȻǸŮɫѿһΪӵˡ״ҵ߳εĲִȵرʾҿԷ֪뿪ħˣӦöֵֹҪ󡣡
СôܿЦkˣkŮϣkѵҵ档ԵkѡԸ
ĳͻںŮ飬ϣkѪܹõܹԶ顣
ȻûһھܾҪ֪ʱԵk״ܹʧȥһѪġ
ŮΪ״ŭ˵ʱָ壬峤ֱ˿顣
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ǣȻᣬ᲻ԼϵѪ뵽һʱõѪ
Ȼһں޷֮±ȡڵѪһ½
ֿȥˣ͵͵ʼһʣһλ
ҲʱҪѪŮĿʧˡЩѪѳӵеĶҲˣЩϳȡѪǰ䡣
ǸŮԶҲ޷ֻܳΪݵࡣ
ҲˣŮӳֵȻʧ˲Ϣ˥
鱻˾ٴŭָҲ䡣
һֱΪǵһʱŭ֮µĲϾһֱָ鶼ǳġ
µkɱǵΣҲпԭ
Ȼȴǡͷβǳ侲ǳ侲ΪǸŮ㣬ҪӻΪˣֵ
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339 

Ҫ˵ͫ޹һԵͶ׶ˡ
֮£ħҲ˵Ȼָ嶼ΪԼ顣
Ȼ£Ҳû˸ġ
汾Ǹ׵׵ıˡ
˿ڿˮħʲô㣿
֪䣬˳ƺԷΪү
һ²⣬ֻǸħŮֲ꣬ܵõѡ
ȷüȻѾ䣬kΪ˶ħŮ龫ǣȷkʲôֱħŮ
ҲȷҪȥԡľȥôò˶ã־ͻ
ܵݾͲ˵ˣʵֻ֤Ҫ뿪ħܰӰ졣Ȼ걦Ĵעֺѱһȱʧ޷ת
С겻һ籾ԴҪһǿģԳΪֵǺѵġȥһ죬ֻʧ
ڲֵԽԽˡ
ĬȻ
ǳЦҪ޷ĬĬԸҵһŪǸħŮ׬ģǲܣҲûʲôʧġ
ǰʧʲôأ
ǻʲôܹʧأ
һʱ䣬׺ĵ׳һɱߺ;Ȼ
ôǰɡ̧ͷĿᶨֻҪǰĽŲ
ȴץס֣ͫ۾֮ǰ˵ŵĸоһΣͷִһɡ
ֻǼٵʥŮҲĹҫ磬κ˶޷⡣
ʥŮǰҲֻΪٻ
ͫҲЦˣ˵ͷá
ȻΣյģһ飬Ѿ鶷Ѷܲ͵ȥ
ֻһӦˣͷĹ
Ƿһֺη
οʵеġ
˲ֻ֪鵱ߵĴڣ֪֮⻹
ˣȴӦûš
Ȼվһߵġ
һߣµ˹ȥշתһϣʱ۾׵ġ
ûö٣۰Ͱ͵ؿԼүʵүô㣿
ѵѡ񣿡µ˹̫Ѩ֪˶ԷĵϸʵϣҵĵϸԷҲ֪ȻԷԳұ巨ͥȻȴܽΡΪǸҹ磬ûκεƣ
סˣɥүô찡
µ˹ȴЦʵǺ£û·ѵǾҪ˲ɣ
ȻûѡǾͺúôһƷľƣ
ͫҲû뵽µ˹ô¾
ˣ
µ˹ͷˡ
Ȼ˵ҲܸɴǾ̸һԺļƻɡ
µ˹ΣʵҲ֪뻢ıƤѡԲԡҪǡǰӵĿԣûס
պãл̽һǵĵ֡
ôģµ˹Сʵ
ȻĿǾͲöþƳһۣȻĿǰӵеʱ̫٣̫̰ĲǺ¡ԣȾӪذɡ
µ˹ӣҵҪôӪ
ǰûˣôӪҲŵ
ûˣ˹ӡڵ
µ˹ˣĿǰ׿˭Ը˶٣׿ܻܲ⡣
İɣֻҪ֣ܳ׿ľͶܻͫڵ
µ˹ҪȰĿǰˣ
֪ǶͫʵΣ˶һۣͷӦˡ
ԤУͫ׿ľͲõıħϮַӾתΣΪ
Ȼʵϣͫȴûѡַʽ
ֱӷųǧɭ֣˾Ƶͬʱеħ޶Ӱɭ֡
ݰµ˹һĻ𺳣ֻеظܵһ¡ԼҰģԼĸƻٲĵһССӣ׳ɳĻᣡ
֮мħ޴Уͫ編ƣ֮󣬾Ҳûħٽ׿ˡ
һ˭û뵽ٶȣ׿ָյƽ
زµ˹ͽׯ԰Ļ̸ʽ
ʱ˿̣µ˹ıκʱ̶ᶨںļƻ
֮ǰС֮ˣѾʶԼĴҲʶԽ֪ǿΪǵǸͬʱǰңһ𿪱µʱޱȵص
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340 

µ˹УȻҲι֮ǰǵ²š
Ȼˣ̸һôӪذɡֱӿڵ
׿ѾָƽҪطľأµ˹ͷ۵
ͫһʱܹģȴ֡
棿µ˹ˣܴ֣
޹ͬ⣬Ͼµ˹ذʵ޴֡
ܼ򵥰ͫһȻ㲻˵ӰɭҲȻܶħ˰ԶҪӰɭֵð˰
µ˹˺ĶܿҡͷУû˰Ŀ
Ҳ򵥡ֱͫŪƱǮƱͲܽȥ
û˵µ˹ԥӰɭֻһҵأҲֻ׿СƱðкܴܻתطӰɭ֡
ᡣͫȴһ϶ȻӰɭֵڲֹ׿ߣӹɣ׿ߵӰɭΧħġ˵ǴʵôðߵҪ򡣡
ֻҪǵշѲ̫ףǾͲѡĵ
µ˹Ѿ˵ˣ˵ͷԾԾԵУ巽ǵȻۡ
аƽԭ㲻ʺϽһ𣿡ͫڵڹʿԣƥǱزٵĶֻҪãͲûг
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Сͫڵͷвٺõ㲻õġ
һЩħȻΪû̫걦̫ܹʹħ޵˼٣õƥͨƥ
ˣռЩӵг
µ˹˼ˣ㵸Ǿͺ˵ˡ
˿ڷ棬һ뷨޹ڵǿԸū˺ֱӴй˿ڡ
˶٣ңūл֡
ȷʵһõķУô֡ͫǿ̶Ӻ·һЩʱΪ׿õصǰ׿򡣡
˶٣ǿԳŵΪṩµʳ
Уµ˹ԥµʳﲻ࣬һĿͲ
Сͫ϶
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οռĻ⻯Ķʳζ㱥Ȳ˵ĺôҲǳ
һߵȴǿµ˹ûǴĻ֮˽ǿԷصİɣ
µ˹һ㶣漴ͷǡսҵʱ򣬺˻ȥΪкܴĿܻᱻ˻ȸں󡣱ϾûľǿںľλǿڲľǿӾӾľǿо
¹ܹأҲûȥΪ֮кܴĿܱԼء
ȴԴǶԲ⣬ֻҪħǱߵֽй
һ˲䣬µ˹ĺëֵ𡭡Ǳ˷־֣ǺԻǳ⡣
ǲǶƫ޹ƲƲֻҪܵݳնֿ֣ɱҪöˣòԸ񡣡
ǡͫΪĸѡĻ޸㸸ףĳ֪ˣ㸸ҲٶҸ㣬ĸûʶô㸸⣿
ǻСͲ˵ˡָһԵĶ׺㿴׺С֪ˡ
׺ȻЩ죬ֱͦ˶˰µ˹Ŀ⡣
˵Ҳû˼Ļǿͷꡣͫ˺ߵ
µ˹Щӣеˬе
ǡ
ӵ˵ģĿǰôּ뵽еʱٵõǴһ½ٵıԸʱ򡣡
˵ͷһЩòԵֻܹġ
µ˹Ҳûټԣ˵ͷԣǾӵǵÿࡣ
ˣҲ⡣ͫͷʳܹپӣ
ͫһ°͵һӦûɡ
⻹Ǳ˵ǹһˣ

ĻҪ˹ռϾʳҪ˲ջҲҪ˹
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341 仯


˵׿ߵħޱѾȥˣǵԼͷҪһħ޲ϣĪʹµ̶׿
ӳԱ֮һָǰ׿˳ǽ
ôܡĪĻ˵һ룬ΪĻסˡ
Ǻ񡭡ǳǽҴûһС򽨳ǽⲻǶһ𣿡
˺ͬ뷨
Ȼܿ죬ʽ׿ĪΪ׵˾Ͱ뷨ˡ
׿ʵ̫ˣϵķ
Īǰÿ궼Ҫһ׿ʲôȻһ
ʵϣ־һħޱʱΪ׿ֻᾭһϴƣЩ׻ᱻҲһƬưܡ
ǰ֣ΪĳжһС
ܹЩľЦݣҲӡкࡣ
нϵĽĳ¾ɣȴһƬŷʽ顣
ӳҼõס°ɣԱ֮Сѵ
ĪعԶԶԣҪҹȰźסޡ
ȻϰȥԭסߵõλãȴǸطѾ׵ױˣԭͰõ걻һߵĽȡ֮
ӳҲõ꣬ԭõ꣬Ǹ׿ùݡлĶԱǰһµ
ȥ
һһȫµ顣
΢Цܵǰ̨ϽסķЩǴҪģ𾪵ȴǷĺԼùṩʳ
ģֻһͨͨôɱҳԹóԵţŶҪóԣ
֭ݲúȡ
ǸѾׯġׯ԰ģôúȵѾƣҾȻû˵ǵľׯ̫˼ˡ
ҵСŲźóԣȻף˵ʵһҲڡҾˣ׿ڼ䣬ÿ춼ҪһСţ

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Ȼ˶ʶˣ׿һЩ˲õı仯
Ī౾Ϣһ£ȴסˣֱȥưɴϢˡ
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ʥŮĪ㱻һǺ
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İ˿ָָմ߹ʿǵ۶ɹʿ˵ǱʥŮˣʵ˭֪ʲô
ˡ˿һͬҲ㽫ٻص۶˲һȥи񶾵ĺĸȻһԭ䳤ӣ䵽طʲ
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һ£ȻܵģﲻиʥŮ𣿵һ֮ģĸҲʥŮǰúñ֣
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ҪôʥŮָ׼תˡ
ҲΪʥŮСʵҲûʲôҰġǶ԰µ˹лɣ׿ɻڵ۶ĸãʵҲڲˡ
һڻʵۿٶʱڣ׿ûʲôġ
СʥŮɰǵʱʱһЩζҶʡ
ǵģ۶Ǳ߾ôͫóЩʳġ
ʵΪϻʵܲôˡׯ԰ڣµ˹һѸԼԣһ뿪ʱӺӾѾڴ֮ͥ´ˣܳ谮ҲһҪ˵ɺϣ˭Ű
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ͫЦİɣֻҪϻʵ۲۶û취ƽ
̫ͫˡģ޹ҲЦˣÿθʳô٣ҲѹϻʵۼòС
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342 

ͫϻʵۿǾˣҪʳһһ࣬ûһαһζ࣬ʹ͵Ľ鱦һαһζࡣ
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Ҫ֪ˣһ£ʥŮܹŮʥŮɷȻܻùλʥŮڼĶŮҲܻùλܹӹ
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䣬ͷء
ϡͷΣϡذ
ûôסµ˹ȴҡͷλȻǺ£ܷҪȥ۶ģȥǶҪٻˡ
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ȴҵܷõģһܹõأͻСƢҪߣǱҲ޿κΡ
ˣϻʵ۲ųٳٲϸλ޹ڵ
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ͫգգ۾ûϵҲǸ𣿡
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ȻҪϻʵ۸ͫλȻһ飬Ҳ
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׼ȷ˵Ǵ㽫׿򽨳׿ֳǡ
ͬڰǰڲϹūֲṩʳ֮ԭĻϣ׿ĹģѾԭˡ
֮ЧʣҲΪ׿ԭĻ̫ˡ
ߣڸҪ̶ׯ԰ռ֮󡪡Щ׬Ǯʱܵñ˭죬Ҳӵñ˭죬ҴڵƸԱ̼ңǰµ˹ҲãͫҲãӭ䣬걦Щ˲ţ˶Իѵãӵħԣȴ׾ҵġ
ΪĹϵֶԸյоʱ䶼˶࣬ˮƽȻй֮޲
ΪħħŶһ޶ĵλȨ˵ܹӰȴóΪūѵõĺûˡ
ǺȻֵ٣кܶڲ˵òܹ˲ࡣ
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һ׿ľͶҵᡣ񣬳һЩʵģСľ˵ԼĹ
֪׿Щ绤ߵһ̵궼ʥŮ¶Щ̻Ὺķֵ꣬ĪԭΪԼû취ѴһЩˡ
Ȼϵǣڱȥһֵ꣬Ʒʷǳ˵ϵȡ
ȿר걦̵꣬͸ˡȻһ񣬵оЩ걦ղ֪κһλʦǶ˿Ϸ죬Ҳǳߡ
ЩƷļ۸ҲƵϹ
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뿪ǰһ죬̶һС
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⡢⡭ֻԼҪˡ
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취ͨ·ȥμЩۻᣬвı֣ļ۸͸ˡ
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343 

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򳤵˵ͷɻʲô𣿡ʵһģڰ˽Ҳࡣ
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ĪΪ˻УҼǵ˵ǳϲ֮ǰȥǿ
ͫҡҡͷĳҴӿռȡΪģСʱǲκ˵ġ
ȥܾһ㶼Ϊѣֱʵ
ͫʱЩЦãҡҡͷȲҪܾȻʱǿΪܲæ
ԣһԵ˷׷⡣
׿򣿡Īˡ
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ģⲢѣġͫڵ
ĪһȻЩɣ˼ΪʥŮҲòƭ
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ͫûзϣֻЦе԰
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344 

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345 Ϣ

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347 

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ͬʥŮͫʥŮͰʥŮǲһģ߸ǰЩʥŮûʲôǰȴת
ĻͫʥŮʵôȰʥŮǿôࣿ
УʥŮʹʱǻܱ˵ģһЩʥŮû
ͫʥŮһĵ
ҪһǣͫʥŮӵкһģһ۾ġ
ǣ޶˵ģͫʥŮĵȼͱȰʥŮһס
ȻȻ˵Ըͬ۹Ǳȴǲϵġ
ŵѾ𣿡ͫʵ
ûСĪǳ飬һ¾˱߾ļλλɳʿڱ߾ϣЩƲҵ£ǡ
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⻹ǲ۹·
ͫüͷ
۶ë̺ɶǶƷʵģһĶƷʵë̺ҲֻһٶšͫԼ϶ʮţĶ˵۶࣬Ʒʵĵ̺һſֵġ
ë̺۶ǱߵĹ嶼Ѿˡ
ʧǮֻС£ʧŲǴ¡
⻯һͫʵ
ë̺Ȼ󣬵ԣ⻯⻯κζû
ٺһЦȻҲǡҪȥһ˵۶𣿵ʱǷûнٵȻãǻٵˣǾֻˡ
ʱٴȥ۶ϴһͫǱϻʵȥġֻȥȴȥϻʵһġ
ͫȥʳϻʵ۵Ҳ˾ͷˡȻʳԭĹЧǺȻĹһ伫ޣô״Ƶġ
ͫⲻʲôѰ£ͷУʱһῴæ
ǴڶģȻϣϢ
˵ʲôͫ۾ɴˡ
һɲ۹Ļ̫ӺͰʥŮҲŷɵ۹ڵ
ͫһǷˣʱǸǰɱǵĻ᣿
ϻʵۿˣЩεؿһۡ

Լȷʵˡ
жȺܵ͵ͫӣȻʵǴʲô䣿
ڵҲµû̫ӿ϶һλӺڲʵǷһ̨ӳȥɵ۹ǵ֧֡
ͫü˵ʵĻܹǡ
Ҫô죿ʵ
ģϻʵӦöԼԼ뷨ò̫׵óѡ
ϻʵ۵ѾƵܹܲЩ治˵
˵ϻʵۿеļߵλһԵ޹ͻȻʵ
Ҳˣ֪ϻʵһֱûԵı̬
ϻʵȻлʺ󣬵Ļʺ첻λӶǹģ˭Ҳ̸˳ңϻʵȻҲг谮Ļӣ谮ӡ
Ҫ˵һλӣǻ濴
һߣڶԭϵһҲܡ
ϲ۹ɵ۹ҪϺһЩҲر
ŵ˻ãǿﰾģѲǡǽĻ̫ӺͰͲˣ̫ӻãٴСϰʻǲģ
ֻƤѣ촽ȱˮԴҲκġ
㷢ˣ̫һԴʱЩ
ܵû˵ֻſһŮϡ
̫ˣԼ˵˲ȥɵ۹ȴҪ
˵˵ȥΪڸദʱࣿ
Ϊ˽ԼȴҪô
ƾʲô
ʥŮ
˵ˣɵ۹Ļʵ۶ͫʥŮɺˣûǿͻӶ飬Ůľλ
ԼҲӦûŮľλȻ̫ȴ˵ŮҲ󲻹δ̫ͻʺûǸҪ
ǣͫʥŮԼϲδܳΪŮԼأססԼȴʲôûС
ǰʲôӣʲôӡ
ȨλǮЩ
˵û
ףһΪ̫ӣû
۾ţ˭Ҳ޷ʲôתŵͷ
̫ȻҲ֪һżطյҩһҸܹʱٵĵط
£ҸطϢܿͻõģһµġŵǵĵ
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348 ը

һ۶һε۶ͫǵĸоҪѹࡣ
ҲǣϾҵǰջǴ󳼣ڴʱ˿̶̡̻
һʹе͹ˡ
ͫԼ޹һۣ˲Ѱ
Ѳµϻʵ²̫ã򲻻ȲؽǴȥʹȽһ
ʹһ£ȵϻʵ۵޹ǾͿǻʺǹԼЩӣһǶ
ȻЩ˾ۺؿ˱ϻʵ۵˽ȥ
ǵϣڲûκŮֻϻʵۿڴþ˵ĴϣЩض΢Ц
£˴ʱһһϢģﶼЩζ
ȴЦˣԼߵǹ
ߵߣĿ䵽ϣ䲻ڵҼĸס
˲㱻һʱ׷׾ɲؿϻʵۣз׷׳ɣԷô˵ʲô˼
Ѳһֱĳλ˵ĺӣ
Ȼò־ֿԺܵ͡ƣһȼУҸպûģǿ̫Сˡ
ûɣ˵ϴħȴڵ
һ˲䣬˶¶裬ҷ׷׺һ
ҪšɫʵϣһμʱҾͲ³Ƕˡ
þ֡ʮˣô˵ħ֮ȥأ
ƺ뵽ʲôõĻ䣬ǹһĨõЦݵҲˣҿһȫͬ˿еħ
֪ɵ۹ǷǳųֵģȻҲˣħһиıҵ֪ĸס
ҵʱȥǵһʱͱ˶ˡߴʵǿʿ㹻걦ԲܹӳҲڴˡͻҾ˲ǣʧһСֻ꣬һҪƳҩ
ĸ׾ҡ΢΢ЦҴû뵽һᱻһ־ˡ
ħ˽꣬ʱ䣬׸ıҶֵ֪
ȻĿǰΪֹλ¶Լƺֻ⣬ͫȴû˷ɾ衣
ֱûô򵥡
㣬ĿǸһġ
ܿ죬ϻʵ۾˵ص㡣
֪㲻ʥŮͫ
׼ͫαǳ
Щ⣬ȴԣеҲںҶԣʥŮǼٵʥŮûв𡣡
ûеθڣֱ˵ԭ򣺡ΪҲûԼĺ

ˣ
ʲô㲢ûԼĺһ߰˾ŸӶ飿
ħʱаҩʱѾʧȥ뾡һа취Ϊˣֻȴʼûءǵɻ
׵֡
Щӡ¶̵ԭѾ˴֧ӵĴ㣬ǻʹûĵ꣬ʼйˡ
һʼϲΪԼָǺܿ죬Ҿͷಢˡ
ӴӵŻӣǶǹ֤ͨݡ
ͫ׼ҲһӵԲۣҲ̫
㡭üȻϻʵɫƽֱһ˶ԣǾԲὫҹŵġ
ȻΪЩϻʵ۶Իʺذ
ԭΪΪ˸ãȻڿȴȫΪʺû
ûκ̹Ȼñӣһһһñӡ
֮ķչ֤Ĳ²ȷġ
ϻʵ۽кԼӴ󳼶еǰʱﶼҪλˡ
ʵҲˣȻϻʵ˵Ļȴ˵Ԥϡ
֮ɵ۹ĻʵѡҾͫʥŮڡ
һ̣Ȼ⣬ܿԼ⡪ҪʥŮڻѡһλߣϾûʥŮϿɣָ˼Ҳûáֻ֮ҪõʥŮϿɣӱٲҲҳ۶ӡ
ͫҲġ
ʱЩڣ֪˽һЩˣҲݰһ
ȻôʱϻʵȴڵҲûѪԣɵ۹һλʵۣڵ۹е
šţ
˵Щǰһ֪ˣΪ֪ߵͫˣҲˡ
Ȼô˵ˣ
ϻʵƺһҲ֪ԼµǶըҿһȻ󿪿ڵЩϳɻĵϵͷƤжһɫ̥ǡ
-

349 

Ĵ󳼵ͷһڻӷ׷׻ˣȻԼĸ
ȻʱЩǻҪţһֽĿ⾪ؿϵϻʵۡ
ʺҲˣЩ̵Ĺǡ
Ȼֿϻʵۣ㡭
뵽ԼЩܵﰵĳĿˮһ˿Ȼ뵽ɷԼάЩάۣȻʱ˿̣ȴֻһĶ׹˱
ԼЩԿʲô
ԼЩսսʲô
Լһʲô
棬ͷҲصתߡ
ĿƽĿ뿪գգۣȥһ˿˿ʹ⣬ͫѡʲô
ͬʱҲ׷׿˹
̧ͫͷĿ⣬Ȼת
΢ɲҡҡͷ
ͫ漴ڵҵѡǰµ˹?ķ
ϻʵۻûж⣬Ҳж⡣һԼѡˡ
ҷԣʱһվ˳
ͫüԭЩ죬ȿԷЩϤݣһʱЩζ
ķüʵ
ķĿ⿴Щڣ΢΢׵ǵģҷ԰µ˹?ķΪµۡ
أͫΪµ˹ĸף㷴λʲô
ķʱ
ͫΪ˵Ǹ𰸣Ȼϵǣ˵ˡ
Ϊ࣬һѪ֡ͻȻڵĸһλѪ֡
ֳʱȻ
ʲôΪֱͼͫЦʵϣΪİ壬ֲķ涼ǿ಻𣿡
Ҳ²£֮ԸҲԸϻʵۣΪһعصˣΪɱԼԭӣĶӻ˱㡣
ǵġķ۹ķɰǶֻǡ
Ҹ㣬ڿʼڵ۹ӵкͬȵĵλ㻹𣿡ͫĻ
ʲôķһ㶣ô赭ддɣһôȻҪӵкͬȵĵλֱ쿪
ʥŮҲ£
ͫЦǲһ£
ʲôķĪ
ʹѾͬĿ⿴ˡ
ˡл͹嶼ӵѪͫ°͵߼ǲӦýҴ
ķȻ
˵أôһ仰˵
µ˹Լһܹϵλȴû뵽ף򵥡
۶گʱ򣬱˵׿ֳǶˡگһĻ飬ܹǰǣҪһ֡
µ˹Ȼû飬˵ȥϵˡ
ͫҲæϻʵۻǱȽϼͦģһΪ˼ˣȴǰ˴£ʺԭű۾
ͷһ
ͫ̾Ǹ˲ˡ
ܹԼñ˲࣬˵һôඥñˡ
ﵽЧҲ㹻ͻԭЩӶùЩӾ͸ˡ
ǵж߹жԽǾͻжʹѿ
ǻʺ󣬷˻˼ߵŮҲһ¥ΪŮԴ
ͫҲѾӦϻʵۣὫʺΪ̫һӡ
ҵ±׼ߵĻʺͫǲһء
񲢲̫עأǻʵۣҲǷĹһЩû̫෱Ĺء
ʱ˿̣۹һȴô
ʵİţ̫Ѿĥ˺ЩˣΪˣɵ۹һȺ˽˸͸
أ˸ЩʵҰ֣
Լ龫оĻϵģʵһûлѪͳ˽ӣ
ԼܵĪ裬Ȼַŭȴ޷֮ڿڵġ
ϾͷβԼı㲼á
ûɵ۹ľƣԭļƻУҲͫʥŮ˳ƿص۹Ȼ
ŻиղˣѾʼ˵Ů̾˿ߵϽɡ
ǵ¡
̫ҡҡͷͷؿԼδ޵ûʲôǱȰҪġ
ĻˣȴЩΪֵ
ֻҪǳ۾˾ܹһֵŮѾǻ̫ӵδޣȴǷѾ˼ȥӽӴֻõ̫ӶĹȴ̫ӶĺãӶá
ŮʥŮĲΪԼĸ
Ȼǵ뷨޷ӰʲôӵһۿŮʼ̫Ӿ͸аһ˶Է
-

350 ûû

֪̫ӾȻô뿪ˣͫ˷׷׾þȡ
λ̫ӳԴҩˣ޹ȵ
ͫüλ̫׿ԽǸΪıˡ
ⲻ֡ȴͷԵˣԭʮǻۣҲֻʣˡ
ͫչȥһʵмǻۣ
СٳٶۣôЩҲλΪϵδˡ
Դ˲ų⣬Ҳûʾܣֻһֱϲ׽ŪԷ
ոǳǳĺƣһ֣˵ء
˵ѵ£ͫգ۾һ˲˲ؿʵ
ϲ꺦ߵģˡ
¶Σ󵽵׻ЭػشѾûˡ
ͫһ㶣漴׹˼ѾûǻۿˡĪأȸԾǹһĨЦݣ˵ϵã
İĹЩᣬͫ⵽ʲô˼ǽܻǡðɣСأⷽ治̫
ˣ޹һʵ˵ƺѾﵽĿꣿ
ƴﵽˡͫҲѸٽ״̬ʵϣǽƬ½ͳһ򡭡ɵ۹ңһɵ۹
޹ЩɥðɣǼŬ
Լ΢̵Ķ˵һһûûΡ
֮
ŭ֮񲻹˼һ˲ͷһѵʼ
һæ˹ȥİŵ㣬ǽСˣ϶鷳
ϢɫѹסڵС硣
֪˼̾˿
˭ֲ֪أǸĴ񣬿ɱ񶼹Ҫˡ
סͻȻһͷŵķ
ްϢѾߵݡ
Ļ䣬źɫȹĸŮͳǰ
ûֻһˣ˼Щȡ
ݱŮ̫Ѩ̫ˣҵúܴܿסԼȥʹͬھʱӡˡ
ǡ֪λ²˼ʵ
ްռץһӶ˾ϢϢһӹˣǡ
Ե֮йһ֮Եɻ˶ԷһСæΪ͸ҵġᾧκֻõԵ֡ްӱҶˣ˵Ե֮Ҳ˳
˶٣ʣӦҪĶɣȻλԵ֮ĿĴҶµˣ˭֪᲻Ǵ뵱Ȼˡ
ǣлˡϢ鲻ؽᾧǷһ飬ʲôҪԿڡ
ǻҪްҲֱӿҪ˯һɣҲֻҲ˯Ⱦ˼
Ƴ˸˼һ۵ȫûá
ʲô취˼һεҵʸ㱾йûҶҪ㵽Ϣ˭ܵģ
ްʱ̾Ϣôֻ䣬ĸͺˣõĸҲǸŮ񡣡һŮ񣬲˼ھϢУ򡭡ɱֲˡ
˰ɡ˼˸ۣΪ񶼹Եܶ𣿼еĸ䣬ҲǸһ
ԣް޿
ˣڿʲôʵʱްѾȻ˳ȥס
޹ɷһ
ʶǸŮϢɫ
ްʶˣʼ񣬶ִڣóСС
ʶްӵˮ֮Ů񰡣ǲǼ𣿡
ˮ֮Ů񣿡˼һ㶣˵λԳˮ֮Ů񣿡
ްͷλӲҸе㽻飬
֪뵽ʲôȽϾᡣ
ôˣ˼ʵ
ϢҲ˹
ްϲŮ˵ġ
ʲôϢ͵شվ
侲侲˼æҶغⱲӿ׽ãҶسֵġ
ްգգ۾Ҷأ
޹ءϢ
ֶԾϢԺҪôţްļס֡
ˣȥ˯ˣһ˭ǵýҡ
ް뿪ˣϢ΢΢üôԳҲȥСˡ
һԣԳ鶼Ƚƽϲ֣Ҳû̫İ
ˣǱϲ㵽СȥҲ鷳ϾԳսô˼ѵ
-

351 


˵ʲôԻɴͫ͵תͷ
µ˹ӵ۹ϢǵĻ̫Ӻͻ̫ǰμĻ񡣡
˭ҪģͫУʲôҵĻϴ𣿡
˵νЩϡͿЩֲԼϲǷ㹻ϵ᲻Ҳˡ
Ȼⳡжôģûһ־硣
̫˹ͻ̫ѾΪĿеĽʺˡ
Ҫ˵ǰĹ
ŮҲ֪ô£֮ߵʹΪԴס
˹Ҳھ͸˲ˣλǸռǿˡ
ȥ꣬ǻŵĻ񣬻˵ϿĹտ񻶣˰۹ӵĵ
˵ƾһ֮Ϊ۹˼һޡ
µ˹Żʵе̬ȴȹȥƽ࣬ʱһε֪㲻ˣǵݣҲľܾǵ
ͫıһ˲Ӽˣ룬ڵӭǵʹŶųŮԣ⣬һʿǡ
Ͳˣǻ£
µ˹һ飬У
Ȼʵ֤ˣĳЩ˸Ҫġ
ڲ۹һ˵ǰһ죬ǰ沿е˵۶ȻһҪ
ʲôµ˹һ㵡
ҲһΣǱҪ˵ϣɾȥӭǡ
ϻʵǰΪľλ֮⣬޹ҲܷǾޱΪŹֵľλƺţֹͫ˺ܾá
˭ģͫüʵ
ȻǰʥŮˡ׵
˹ͬˣ޹һ˼顣
ͬˡҲһ˼顣
۶ֻа·̵ɽԣ˹һεؿˣ
򴽣ƲӦһˡ
İʱżĲͬ˵ʱ뷨ҲĬ޺Ȼڡ˫۾һĨ궯Գ˼ΣպҰġ
λȴǷǳ档ֺԴڶλͫʥŮĵҲԴ˵Ĳġ
һȣԱģԱԼĳԱԼòԱڼ˶ԼĲϲȻԽԽЩԱȫûбҪġ
ûʥŮݵԭ򣬵Щ˶Լ˼ٵġ
Ȼλ˵ԼƯԼǿ󣬻ӵ֮ͫʥŮȴޱȼʡ
ڹȥŴεĽУԷռϷ硣
ǳŮԵǴӴֿǣҪӮԷ
λŷǳؼá
ʵܲףΪʥŮ֮ΪʲôͫʥŮҪԭĻԼ۾˲òˣ鰮ŪͷԡʵĲͬȥĲԡ
Ψһǲġǳ˽ĻǹģҪĴͫʥŮ
뷨ȴǲ֪ġ
𣿡ڳſڵ̴ӹٿԶԶĶ飬˵Ⱦܡ
£۹˵ˣ̴ӹһǰڴС
Щ͵ƿ˳
۹һ˵ʱ򣬾Ϳƥбϣü͸΢ĺڷڼϣͶȻӺݹ
һ˲䣬˶ֱۡ
˹ȴ͵תͷȥԷȻһʱݺקһ֡
عĿȴԾ᲻ôӾջء
ûпôҪһжֻҪһĿʧ
˵ء
ȴ֪ǵ뷨ǰһѣֱ˵λ
ǣ۹һ˻ɵ۹׼˶ǡ
ҪͶԷ뾣Ѱ·ûʿֱԼ
ȵ˰ŸıԷȰڣˡ
ͣıӰɫˣһ˹ıҲˡ
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ɹ
˹ɫ࣬ȴʶʥŮж⣬˵˹ǻʵۻʺ󶼲κͲκˡ
һߣֱͣӾȥ˹Աߵ
ôͻˣͫ⼫ˡ
ߣȻؽ뻳еǸʥŮ˶ġ
һֱƵ֪˶ûнǸŮ˸ˡ
ͫȴЩƣẦߵûǰˡ
-

352 ޳

ʱͫеĶʲôʶΪðΪħŮӡµġ
Ȼܿ죬һ
ųɰǧĻԼȻĿȴʼϡ
Ŀ⡭ô˵أҪ˵ر¶Ҳǣȴ·ڽšңϽҡȻ¶ġᱻźţ˻Ȼڱֻͫһġ
ţߵߣԷ۵׵һӱͣס
ΪһϵжĿܿ䵽ͫϡȿģ۵׿ٻһĨʡ
̫ˡ
ԣҲû뵽ͫʥŮ̶ȡ
ȫھòվһ裬Ϊ䡣
Ƕȣ˷·һӱ˳Ҳ޷ǵ硣
ֻҪǳ۾ˣͶܹʥŮıжŤ
ɵ۹Ļʽǳ⣬ûн׵ĳ򣬶ǻһ̳ȻŮ˫෴ķǰ̳ܹͬһʱ䵽̳ܹòĻ
·̡̫
ҲΪˣɵ۹ĻƵ÷ǳֻйõͷɴͳȹڡΪֻйӵ˪òƮϡ
ңɵ۹ķУκֻ̳һΣ̳ûй̶ʽǵ˵ÿ˵Ļ̳һ
㣬ֱͫӷųΪ̳бʶ塣
ɲĳЩһ·˿һ֡
ҲΪַףҪסͱȽѣεĹлŲʱը
ȻϵǣĻǳ˳ͫĵһ죬ȴʲô鶼ûз˹Ͱǳ֡
һʱ򣬵ҹȴǳˡ
ʥŮ£ˣԷǱ˹ºͼλˣ
ͫҪޣȴĻ㱨֪ж಻͡
ʲôʵ
Ů֧һº˵ΪʥŮͼλӵ鱻˹ײˡ
ʲô޳
ȴȻΪ˹λӴñףŭ㷢ʲô裬ֻǺļ䣡
ļ䣿˹ɫ˼Ұַؿڣ˿ôЦ
Խ˵ıԽƽѵɵһδİϷ
ʲôϷʥŮѵҪҶꣿ
ֱ׳ԼҪ죬˹ɫʱ
ȴڼ˵㷴ǲԸһζŰѺӴˡҪӣȻҪȥˡ
ȷҵ𣿡һң˹ʵ
ΧѾˡ
̫˹µĸ߰޷ܰɣ
ҲһʥŮΪء
Σ˹ҲܽʥŮΡ

Χ˵У˹۾ԽԽ죬ԽԽ졭
ͻȻͼͻȻһԵʿһѳû˷Ӧ৵ؽǼ˵Ӹˡ
Żˣ۾ڸʲôôܡ
˹еѪҺĳͻأЦˣ᲻ö㣬ҾͰк˶Ū
̫ӿһӰУһ˲չֳͷ񣬼ľ
֮
Ϣ͸˼ͬһʱվ
ǡ¶졣
ոһ˲䣬ƺϢ֣Ϣɵ
˼ҡͷܣȷǸСֻһ񣬶λѾˡ
˹ϢɫЩѿ־
ˡ˼ɫλĸ鼫Ϊƫִ־Ҳ֡
Щɵ˹ЩԣоЩħˡ
ϢжҪ죬˵ƶǷСʷ֣֮ʷз顣
Щֻһ˲ʱ䣬ȻıͱùŹ
ôˣ˼
ϢıЦЦ־ѾڱԵˡϾֻбԼİŮһһεر˺ֵܼѾǳˡ
Խ˵棬ıԽ̡
˼˼ǷС֮ûܽĺۼĨȥΪ־Ĵڰɣ
˭˵أϢЦкϷˣһôãǵһο־ĳ档
-

353 

ͫǸϵʱѾһʰˣʿŽԷΧ̴ӺʿǱʹǷŭڻǵʬԣ˹ɫվǶһԵİɫãȻһŹȵģ
µ˹ɫ࣬ɵ۹һڹ󳼵ıҲǳѿ
Ȼ¼˹Ȼ·صȴɵ۹ıԷЩӣΪμͫʥŮ;Ļ
ˣɵ۹Ȼεġ
Ψһ˰οǣļӶǼСĶ۹ġ
ʵϣɺͲ֮һ۹۹˵Ѿ˻ӣĻҲѧˣμӻĴһλ󳼶ǻ塣
Χ£ʿ˹°ͣĿôɵ۹Ҫ۹ս𣿡
⻰ЩȻ֮ȴڳˡ
Ȼɵ۹˹׽Ǻ£Ȼ۹ȴһὲǶԵۺλ̫ӵ˽֪ģʽս
۹ӵͫʥŮɣӵаʥŮĲûʥŮȴʥŮİ˽жȴףΪ˭ҲԸΪȸںǸڡ
ȻЩ۹ȴûֹͣЩСսն
˹˼ǳԣвµ˹ҪΪ˼СͲս
µ˹ʱԥʵϣҲһԸҵˣҲȽ϶ࡣͫǣ˽ǵͷز۾ǲһӡ
Ҳǣӵ˾ԵƣȴûаԭƻɱĸεĸܵҲȻ˵ϲÿսսػԼӰ£ȻҪͫ˵һͷ
ˣֿʼԥͫɴȨȻˣǾ˹ºͰʥŮɵ۹ļһʱɡ
ɫƽ˹¶㵵İͫżΪ˹£λҲ𣿡
µ˹ȻԥëҲеŵ㣬ֻҪ϶ˣͻȫȻΡһ¶ģ;ġ
ʱͫԾ˹Ͱ£Ȼǣȴûпڷ
Ȼ˹ͰôתƵ֮С
ڼ䣬˹ʼƽȴΪŭʥŮǾͲ´ŭ𣿡
ԴˣѺǵΪ
ɵ۹ѾϴԣΪͫʥŮתܶĻзӦǹ¡
㵽ôģûˣµ˹¶ǣͫɻҲףǼ㵱ûǼСҲ޿κΡΪʲôʲôô
Ȼкôڵ֪۹ĵۺӻ̫ӣӵо񲻴һãЩӻ𣿡
ǿ϶İ
Ȼòϵǣ˹Ĳȷʵû˵ŵ˵ѹûġ
µ˹һЩ뷨ˣҪòң˹ڣӶԾһᡣ
ϻʵˣֲ̫ڹڣӱмλλ
һڻӶ˵ܽꡣ
УҲͬ⡣
Ͳ»ʧȥ̳ߵλ𣿡ڹ͢İûеˣǰϲΪԷĶŵıĵĿڡǾúͶԷĹϵԼ
˹ĿǺһ޶ᣬȻ֪ΪΣȴ̲סһ顣
ʲôµģ˹Ц㲻۹ˡֻҪڣҾܴһ۹
⻰ƽ͸ŰȻ⻰ȴǻëֱ
˹ĻġҲһ
ŵûģʥŮùδȥʷмصЩʥŮһΪ½ĿĽ㡣ֻҪе˾ܳΪҵףĶŮҲ֮ӡ
һӦù貶Ҫκ
˹
òϵǣĵ׺ˣжమ
ȻǲҪġ
Ӧиѡ
ȥЩʥŮûǿеģЩ˵Ĺâ˹١Щ˼ûеõʥŮʥŮϲǻԼϲˣҪðסˡ
-

354 ̬

۹
̴ӹټҴҴ޹ױ»㱨£ǰȥμͫʥŮĹŻˡ
ţ׷ڽб걦̧ͷȥ鷿
ȵ׳鷿ʱ򣬹ŵļλѾǶ
ǽɵ۹˵֮׳ĬãͻȻЦʼ𣿡
۹ʷƾõĹҡҲˣڹȥʷУ۹ΣģСʱֻСģʱ
˵ϵĹңʥŮĺۼ۹Ҳ⡣
ʷϣʥŮ˹ĹҾͷױǿ𣬻ǿˡ
Ժܶ˶ԣʥŮ٣ΪҡȻġ
۹Ļֻһ壬Ҫ˵ģǾҵ˶ױȵòħԵģŮԳԵ
ҲˣһʥŮԵʱļһ顣
ȻⲢһ仨ˮĹ¡ʵϣλҲʥŮһˡ
˺ǹһɾµӡ
ȻʥŮԼİԴɫʥŮİȴˡ
øҡ
ˣʥŮԼİ˵ʱ򣬼ʥŮİŨ
ȻʥŮȴѾĿ䵽ϡ
ǸʱѾʮأϥҲŮЩûʥŮ
ʷмصǰ㣬ʥŮѡ˵ʱ򣬼ʧȥԭ龫ǵõĻλŶŮȻص˹硣
׵棬λĶӡ
۾˱ĸѻûĿһеʥŮĴڡ
ΪʥŮǲӦôڵģʥŮĳ֣˶Բ£ǻ
ʥŮԣͷ·ֳ˵ĸ飬ǰյһжԶ΢
ΪģһжӦõ
ܵԩòĶµòӦ
ͷ·ȫ඼ˣĿܡ
ʥŮĵΪôڣȻΪ˿ʼһϵеж
֮ʥŮ淢˻λ
ֱ涼ԣҪһҪʥŮĴڣʥŮٽ
Ȼ֮еĺоʥŮþõݷ׼һ
оûлرġ
ͨһһζʥŮĽǷһܡʥŮ޵еġ
ĳضʱ޵еġ
ݹ۹ȥôʥŮÿһͬٵĻһҲûУùʮӢˡ
ȻҪᣬЩӢŵʥŮĶϲȻΪƿأⱻɱЩͲôһˡ
ôˣЩٵʥŮҲûɱıɱ¼Ϊʲôܹһһζʵʩ߻ܵ䣿
ǽ꣬ȻһλеŮһ˼ĿԡʥŮ޵еʱǲʧȥĳֱӻʱ
ӻ˭ıӻ
ȻǽʥŮƽٴηһ顣һΣݼصʷ¼ؼ¼ʥŮʧȥӻĴԼʱ䣬ԼǶʱȥ
ͨԱȣȷһ顣
ÿһʥŮٵʱ߶һӻߡ
λӻʥŮ겻ֻҪţʥŮͻ
ֻ֮ҪһʥŮͻعͨˡ
ݲ²⣬ǵҲǱӻߡ
ȵǹ۲꣬ȷһεıӻǲĻ̫˹
ҹڲ鿪
Ϊ׵ֳЩԥʥŮ޷ģǰǵԤƣֻҪӻ߳ʧʥŮڶٴγ֣Ҳܻе٣Ϊ˺ĹȻǲһ£˰ʥŮһͫʥŮ
ǰǸͫʥŮӦôʵ
ҡҡͷͫʥŮ֪еǸʥŮݵ飬ͫʥŮһתĳƺţʵϲûеõľˡȡһУԴԼŬʵ
˶٣⣬ͫʥŮҲȥЩʥŮ顣֪Ȼвԣ׽ģʼնֻδ򡭡ɷ򾣼
ң¹ڻû˵ʲô˽Ȩ顣Ĵ£˶һڸҲһ̫Ұĵˡ
˽ΪʥŮһǺ¡
˼ǡҪɵ۹֣ڵ
Ҵȥһɵ۹ʱ°ɣҪŪͫʥŮ̬ȡ
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355 

׵ִɵ۶ʱѾǰˡ
ʱ򣬲۹Ļʵλһ֮ӳΪӮҡ
ϧ벶ȸںӻûüˣͷԼ⵽˻ʺİ㣬Ѿʧȥ
ֵͬѾ˵λ뽫λø֧򡭡λ䵽˹ĺС
ӣҲλıǱ±ٺޣȻȨһ֮ǲòűӺɵ۹棬ϣܽ˹Ͱȥ
ΧŴ½š
ݡүʲô㣿̴ӹٽµ鱨ȡ˻Сʵ
°ͣ˼ɵ۹˾ûб䣿
Ҫ֪ʷУֻҪǸʥŮԵˣٶܵһЩ䣬Եùɥʧ
ɵ۹ǽʥŮˡ
ûС̴ӹ֪ܵˣԴȻе飬һֵϸˣɵ۹һ٣ûκżùģƺҲΧڡɵ۹ĸ߲㣬ҲûϢ
ѵüͫʥŮ⣿ȻˣҲᱻ䣿
ү᲻ͫʥŮת̴ӹԥһº밡û˵˭ԼԼԼԼĲ𣿡
ҡҡͷ˵̫ͨǣǿˡ
ǡ̴ӹʵǽô죿
ٵȵȡ׵뿴һɵ۹ԲҪĻӦ
һҲûȶã죬Ϣˡ
˵ɵ۹Ӧ˹ŻȥȴԸ⽫ʥŮŻȥ̴ӹٻ㱨
ֲϢ漴Ц㽫ҵȥɡ
Ϊʲô͵ʥŮ̴ӹ¶⡣
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ˡ̴ӹһ㶣漴˼ˡ
ʱ䶼ͫסʥŮǴҲˡҲˣ͵Ҳᱻ͹
ʱͻٰᣬƵÿ춼кܶ࣬˶Դû̫Ȥ˶ȥ
ˣҲϰԲ鿴һ£֪յЩ
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ԭЩӢּޡ
ûǴĻ۹Ļʵ۾ͽ֡ڵ
ͫɴ۾᲻ײ
Բ󣬻һ壿²֮Ų򵥡
ҪȥԼ𣿡ͫ
ȥȻҪȥɴ
дĵַڲƵ꣬˵ʱ򣬾ӦǰΪ·
ŵˣĪؾãӦþ?˹ˡ
ֱ̫ûиˣ˲ûóȻƺԷ
ôƺɫؿʵ
ǲµ˲𣿡һͬǰЦˣ?˹Ǹ?˹
Ȳ˵Ǽ١üױ³һ˼鲻𣿱ϾǿûյصĹ顣
Ϊһܽס̹Ȼǽһ
ʲôͫʵ
ŮӴ覵˫һЦʥŮĴڡ
δ䣬ͫı̽Դǲ̫ˣȻҵ˵Ҫң
û˵ЩʧЦ˵ʥŮͫʥŮ簮ʥŮԼЩʥŮĴڡ
ͫһȻһۣһʱЩԥķӦ
Ͼǵһμ棬Էݻܰٷ֮ȷϡ
ԥЦЦȡһö۵ݹȥλȥûʹϹһ£ǰҳԱ֤öۺҵ̷ֵ֣ʽ绹޷ðġ
˶٣ǻԸţǿԵһ£ܿ۹Ĺͻ͵ˡ
ڴ֮ǰֻһҪǧ򡭡ǧҪ˹ͻ۹½ʥŮͻȥҲܽ˹ͻȥ
˵⻰ʱɫʵ£µ޷ȥ⡣
ѵ˹ʲôǲ֪ܣ
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356 

ͫĺ棬ȴûнĴ㡣
գⳡ沢û˫κĬȻٹ˹ȥͫȴµ뷨
ҲãǱдҲãֻҪǽ˹ڵ
ͫͷֱֵңײӡ
һߣصסҲӭ̴ӹٵɻ󣬡̫λֱӽ˹ɱˡ
ġһ϶ĿƵǾԲִµġ
ڵİһֱҪħǱ߽ϵΪҪħֵʥŮ
ȻΪָԭ򡪡ħΣԡֺ˫Ĳ˽͵ӡ֮һֱûħɺ
Ϊڼ仨̫ȴûеõκλرö֮Ǳħⷽ
о˽ģ׶ħ˽ȳҪĶࡣ
ڼ֮ͫǰǶֵŴûж롣ϾǳĲѪͳǵǵĳ̬Ȳ˾֡
ȻԿŷ˰ˣȴͻȻðһЩĲ²⡪˲ЩѪ࣬Ѫֱ࣬ǴѪ֣
ֲ²ûʵ֤ݣȻȴһֱԼµࡣ
ˣͫʥŮ˵ͨˡ
ͬѰὫֺаﻮȺţ׺ֵıʲô
İ壬ԭǱ߹֪ٱĴڡ
νı顭˵˶ˣȴûҵⷽʵ֤ݡ
ΨһָģҲǵĲпᡣ
ȻȫԵ
Ѱ˻ΪȻȴѰˡ
ѰˣͲҪдʥŮ
ˣȥ顣
һ̣ͻȻӿֳ޵ģãһΣܹɹʥŮ
۹Ĺܿ͵ˣʱͫ˵֮ǰ¡
λױ¡ͫ̾
µ˹ȴˣǵ˼ǣױҪǺɱʥŮ
ͫͷ
Ϊʲô
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µ˹̲סһȻɫƵѿ
ͫϽ͵Ҹһıȷ簮ʥŮĸܵ˹
˵ȥµ˹ͺëֱˣ˵ˣˣ
Ȼ󣬵ȻعѾ˹γʥŮĻС
ڻ鿪ʼ֮ǰȡһԼȽǩɡ
ͫ޹һ۱ϳⲢһͨԼǡ
ԶԼϵǣ׾Ȼ˳
һۣ׻ͬζЦݡ
νԶԼɽӵòǩµԼ鶼Լ֪ǩ֮Լжôβơ
ǩԼ׿ڵˣԽĵ˵𣿡
ͬͫԼ޹ҲҪ˵ġ
µ˹˿ߵףֿ˿ұߵˣɪɪ
ܾãˣ˶ǴУǸӡ
˫һƴȻʽۡ
˵ֻҪɱνġػߡʥŮתҲǸͨˣ຦˺һͬǡüҵǣʥŮɱػӦҲɱɣ
˵ػߵ֮Ͳ²ػߺѲ˹ϵ
תǲܵģһʱҪ³ǸôĴڣȴҲôס
ʱ׵鱨ͺҪˡ
ǵġ׵ʵϣȻһֱݷвûκֽţǽ赶ɱʲôġ
ԣǳԹɱʥŮҲԹɱػߣĽǡ
һεػ֮ǰʥŮ޵еģʲô취ɱػʥŮǸͨˣɱҲȨƸӵǵѶȡػߡ
ıЩŹֵҲɱˣػߵ˲ʥŮ͡ǣȴһ㡪ʥŮ֣ǿ˾Ͳˡ
˼ǡ޹գգ۾ȥЩʥŮʵԼ
ǵġײɿһ÷ǳ͵Ǿޱһ
мҪȷһ¡ͫʵǳԵĴɱֻ漰ģ漰ꣿ
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357 ʼ

Ȼ漰ꡣĿ΢˼ǡûõġǽииҲʧϣ˳ת
ͫԥƬ̺󿪿ʵԹ׽𣿡
ָ걦׷ʡ
ͫͷ
ûáҡͷ˵ɵ걦޷ȡ
޹ȻԾֱӽǵץסӡˡ
ǿ²С׵ԹǡܷӡöãֻҪʥŮһػߵͻȥת
ʣ͵˵궼ӡҲС
ͫüӦѾв²˰ɣ˵һ
͵ؿһۣ쬵Ŀȴȥˡ
Ѿˣ׾Ǹĵģڼ䣬ŮϵĿԶǶࡣ
׵ȻʥŮػߵ㣬ôǷԲ²⣬ҪɱػߣҲҪʥŮ֣
°͵һ²⣬ػȻתȴԺйءҵĲ²⣬ִһĴڡ
ִһ
ͷ굱ɢģһ㲻Ϊ壬תһܹӦԣػߵȻڳ˵ġ
˼ǡ˼ػߵȱݵģ
ôΪҪػߵҪұ
ұͫ˼˹ԣҪȻǰǿû۹£ǺȻЩĴǳСƺԣֻҪڣ۷ʲô鶼ǿԽܵġ
ǽųô
ų޹һ
ͫ˵ͷǷŻز۹ɵ۹
޹°͵Ļ϶ҪϾתͷµ˹ԣ϶ȥ㡣
µ˹ŵùǺֵǾͲˣŮˣû˵Ĵ㡣
ĸ׵ĲӰԱϻʵۺ󹬵ıؿµ˹ⷽнڲٶˣһʺ󣬱˵Ҳûһ
Ҫ֪ʵ۱ʵ˱ȽϸȤ
޹ЩʧؿһۣаɣĻ϶ȥˡ
ʵҲܿܳΪĿ꣬⻰Ͳ˵ˡ
֮뾡һа취̼˹Ͷˡͫŵ
ײҿ˹ͰӼתƵһסȥɡ֮ððжȨ˹
޹һ㹻ݡ
һҪ˹ŰģۿŰϱ˵ĺӣȻ
ֹܻһ
ЦЦЧ𣿡
ָ˷֮˾ͷֿˡ
صʥŮͫԼ޹ٴһ
һƺͳһ½ˣ޹Щ
Ƿͳһ½Ͳص㡣ȴǵ޷ͳһ뷨͹ʹֳΪʸ֮ģҲҪȥֳֺõ顣ԶԼѾǩˣֻҪܹʥŮ𣬰۹ͻɵ۹ıֵߡڲ۹۹ǰͷΪ˲ԣҲһŸıֵ̬ȣ֮󡭡
΢΢ЦֵʵǶʶֵԽܲ¡Ϊ棬Ҳעܹõӡ
ǵıⱾͲΪ˷ս
ҲǺ¡ͫڵȻһĿклǣͳһǷáɣûͳһʱ򣬸Ҫǿս
˶٣ӦòΪͬĹҷɣ
ҡҡͷֻҪݳаħȥʲô
һ֧ΪѪĹϵħĵλһֱǳ硣˵˵ȥ֮ԳΪħ֮ΪǶҰģΪ˾ָܱѪ
ҲΪ˻رǵǵĶ顣
Ҳˣ޹ĸĸŻύȥħ
Ǿûˡ
ͫĥţԺ½ͳһˣֵѪҲѾںϵȥ
ʱҲ±ıˡ
У˹ͰתƵһԷʱ򣬻ΪǲǱ߽ɹܹŻȥˡ
Ȼܿ죬ǾͷԼĲ²ˡ
ɲûдӦͻزֻǻһһЩļ
˵˰ɻȨʱ˹ıˡ
ѵ˽Ⱞô
˽ġ
ʱͻȻЩڣԼӦСͫʥŮʵԼµʿκ»ȥʵϡ
Ȼ˹ļ尾Ÿոտʼ
-

358 

ջɵʱǲġ
۲һ£ûһ̶ȵɣͿʼ̽жˡ
֮ǰ޹²һʱ佫Ŀ䵽˰µ˹ϡڰµ˹Ķ֮Ψֲϵòκλر֮ͽĿתˡ
ȻҲϹȻԼҲͶԷദĻᣬԷҲûбֳ˿ֻͬܲʷ
Ȼ󣬽ͷǳˡ
˵ڶ꣬һӣںӵĸףҲ֪ǲ˹
ˣ֪ӵףͫҲⲻѡ
˹ͫ۾ɴˡ
ֻ˸ȷȴû뵽
µ˹ıȴѿˡ
ͫƳһʲôû˵
Σµ˹͵վ̴ӹٵȥķگɱ̫Ĳ˼ãȥ˵ͷΣȥ˹?ķĹݡ
̫
һ£ʶеĻ̫λڱԷĻ̫󣬶ȥĸ
ϣڲ˱Ѻʹʱ˹ҲˡˣҲˡ
磬Ҫʲôϰµ˹˹ҪÿһЩҲޣʤڳһŵòȻʲô飬·ɶǶѵΪҸһݲҸĸ𣿡
Ūˡµ˹Ҵû¹ĸףϾɱĸ˺ɱĸ˵ĶӣΪʲôҪݵ£
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µ˹˰֣һ˴ˡ
һ˲䣬˹ȻĿ䵽˰ϡ
˵ֻҪʥŮһ𣬾ܵõˣʲô鶼˳ΪʲôԼȴûָо
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365 

ԭΪ˻΢΢һ֮ȴüһģǶԲ𰡣ôѲ㻹ƻûǴĻǷİɣ
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366 ھ

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֪ôˣֲҪ飡˵ҿΣͺܺãúòóôһǮӣҲȥҶʹˣĸͽʱ͹ˣŮġһֱŮ˵ʲôˡӵǮԼ׬ǵȻãǸĸµģסҲ͡
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367 Լ

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Ȼ󣬶ԷҲ֪ʲôطһõ廨Ķߡ
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Σȴ²˵Ҳÿ˶ҪԼʱһ𣿡
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368 ¶

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369 

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㿴ֳĶ׵־ҿдġ
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370 õ

¶ĻΣһû˯ȵͿһڿ
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ȻҲǵãΪг˵˼άЩСƨʵ̫ðЩСƨУԴһʼر
ȻǸտأƯĺӾȣ͸ˡǣױ򷢵ĺӣԴͱرѴ򷢣Ҳرִš
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372 ԩͷ

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373 ̽

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374 С÷

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375 鿴

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376 

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Σ㣬üͷȥ˹ʲôòҲ֪˹һῴʱ򡭡
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377 

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378 ȳ

£ȥš
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һĿͨ˽ŭƳѩһۡȻĿתϣԭŭĿڿ֮һӻ漴ɫеĿ⽫´һߡ
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ףͦ˼ź
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379 

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գ۵Ĺ򣬾˳֣һװͦϵƤЬҲһȾ侲һǸϽˣһŰ׳㣬żغͲֻϵĽ˿۾˼־ʣȻЦȴֽ־Ĩˡ
ƴǸԶǿеˡңǳ֮絺ҵõˡָųӽܵ
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380 ս

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381 Կ

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382 ĳ

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ŵңͻϲӭ˳ĵڻˣ㰡
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Ҫʲôʵ
ҡͷЦ˯һɡ
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һͷ͸ı˵
֪׶ԴôģһҲ˲
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䣬ںܶ޷ıѿԼһ뷨ûС
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ȴǲ֪ոͦԵһ޳˲ʧȥľϰλҪӼֱͷöǣʦѾԣԼ˱ЩŮ˷ߴĲƲ⻹ʣµӲ¡ʧȥĻ࣬һС
ȻЩһͷܵõĶȻڣѾ̳䣬ȴû취ˡ
ˣ㣬Ҵ˵лл˵ȳգŵлġѩȻûСƻ˵ԭίЩ²⣬˵ĸлΪĳ⡣
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383 ٲ

֮һµʱ䣬ŵԼ̬뵽ͨ˵ȥ
֪ԼݣҲûԼͨ˵˼άƿشơߣǾøûǸҪǻô౲ӻҪЩֶ׬Ǯǰ׻ˡ
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ǰƽһչɡ
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һʷǳӵɱ˷
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Ȼȴǳ˴©
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ÿɷ񣬿ʵγֵ棿
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һ⣬ѵʲôʱˣҪ¡
ԴˣʵҲ֪
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ޱ˯ǰΨһĵľǽܵܡǣһֱΪԼΡ
ǸǣͷΣȴİݼڣθԡֱ
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ᡣΣ뻹ҡͷ㲻֪Խޱ˵ֻ֮Ҫ˵Ļͻ᲻ۿ۵ִС
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Ǳ֪κýޱ϶취һЩͷҽûǲҪ֪
⡣
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üҪҪЮֵˣӦء
вͨ
Զ絺ҪٲáΣ
Ҳ֪ǾԲԸŹģϾλŮŮɱʬ屻гɿιҰġ
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絺׵̬Ⱦ֪ˣͦˣǶû˵һָ
ٲáΣ絺ֻǳ䵱һ²УҪ׶¹һʤ˭˾ҪӦԷҪ󡣡
ٲã
ǿ˭ȭͷɡ

ȷ֮󲻻߳ŭЩʲôɵ
㵹õġΣҪԻΪʸ֮ġ
˶٣ʵҾݵİ취ץסޱΪȥһӦĻԣǾĲˡ
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ڵǾϵ絺ٲðɡ
ͻȻ뵽ȥЩԼ֪޾֪ԼݣǲʱҲһЩⷽί
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384 ԴС

״㷭ˣׯһš
ε˵ͷҲţǺܿϧġ
ô᣿κɻΪ׵ԸӦò
ǰȻ˹׸ˣ˵Ҿͦġׯǻǲ׵𣿡
ȴҡҡͷ̾Ϣ̫ˣ֮ǰȷʵ׵飬ǰҲ֪İ
ȷ㿴˵ĺӱ۸Ƕȥ¡֪ԼĺӡҲ֪øָ˵
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أҪٲüλףׯʵ
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ϲľ˯ȻȻģΨһϲղصģǸָĴˡ
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һҪңҽѹȴˣһĵġץ䣬˵ǿ󣬻˵в
֪ݵˣϾޱӵİˣȴǽޱһĵܵܡ
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385 ˫Կ

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386 

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387 ̯ϴ

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ոʲôʵ
ϹȻܹЩ˶ϷӦ˽ġ
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󣬻ڽ͵֮ǰ˵ûʶģһֱġÿʮ꣬ȱʶͻӿǸʱǱԶŵļ䣬ʰޣΥܶ׵ϽϮԴˣǳ֮Ϊѡ
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ȸͷóսȺ׵ֶԴԺ̶ܴϣǻᱻѹƣ˵ǻҪ˼Ͻеˡ
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кᣬȻĳЩ̫õĻ䡣
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388 

صʱ򣬳޲ΰصġ
ȸæȥױˣæŰ·ɳͳֻææȥҽˡ
ȵȣ֪𣿡æס
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Ҳأ䣬˭֪Ȼǳ
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һ׵ı鶼Щӣ͵ȫþΪİȫԼУֿҲܵԴȥ
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˵ͷޱǱĹ¶Ϊ󣬶ӱ˴ΪΨһûýޱΪһӣΪ岻ãΪĸޣûиȥָˡ
û뵽ǣʱ꣬ޱĸĸˡһԷǳͨķ򸾣Ƕ˵ԼΣ˵ǶôȲѲŴȱݣҪƷѵش֢ô꣬ȻںޣȻͷ
ޱǸˣױĸĻҶ伸ԵԼӵĽΪ۰
Ȼ֮ܿ죬ʵ֤˶Ĵ
ĸ֮ʵΪǷһƨծǴѰַŲ¶ӣԼǻᱻծȨƿūһ
ޱȻԸĸʬԼദѾ˸ֶΪĽ׻ˣ˸ĸóԼĻǻծ
֪ԽжΣԸ⽭ޱģҲ뿴
Ȼ
ʲôɱģ˭˽ޱء
һʼ氲ȫģȵ˵طˡ
νȫݣʵǽһܱտռ䣬˸Ӧκλռ䡣
ΪӦĻԻᱻԹȥ
²ȻڰȫСûж㣬ڷּΪ׵ʱܵвϣϱһŮˡ
׼ȷ˵һںеŮˡ
Ȼ˾ǣǿ麮ȻѾڻ˴룬뽭ޱֻʣ˲һֵľ롣
ɥĲǣޱĲһ޴Ĳ񵶡
˶ܹȻбڵǱҪ½ޱͷ­һ¡
Ťˣ?
𣿡ϿЦ治ףôһŮӣʲôӵģƾŷƿɳµǸɱûģߡ
Ϊ㲻ԼΪ𾪵ʱѾֱץһƿҵ˽Դϡ
Ѫʱͻͻͻ
ɭסͣκζСޱԻ
ԼһֵѪһʵЦݣ漴еĲ͵һңһ˿
ֹ㣬ۼļλ׻ֽޱĲҲѪȻⲿػҲ˺
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۾ҲǸʺϳΪ׵˲𣿡
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ǰ˹ױ׷ˣȻţҲǸͨͨˡ
ȷҲҪһ
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Ȼ׾ȻǸŮˣ̬ȴǺ̬࣬ڵֻҪԸŹңҳΪ֮һհΪͿء
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389 

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仰˵ἫˣȻ֮Ĺȴ˶ˡ
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ֻǣޱ̹һţ
ڽֻ˾һήģ֪ʲô
ʶסޱֺܿͷ˲ԣתͷɲСޱʲô
֮ǰޱһûж룬ȻᣬŷȻʵġ
°ͣޱϵܶذȻγʵ롣
ʵ廯͹붼ϸǰʹù˹ص֮һ
ԭһЩԵļѹ̱ܶȱݡಡ༲ûа취ġϾ޸ˣ˵Ĳ֢Ȼ޴֡
ǹ벻һǾͬǻҺܹϴ跥ʹ̥֮ǵı仯尵ص֮ͻ֮иԵơ
ǰҲιһЩԵŴޱʵĹ룬˵ʵͷһؿ
üͷʲô˼
ҵֽɱ䣬˼壬̥ǣ󼲳ΪȥԽ񣬱˵ɱԽ󡣡ҡҡͷûе䶳ޱʱҪ˰ɣ
ججصͷ˲һȲʵ˵ܽСޱκã˵֫Ҳý֫
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ܣȴһѾһϢĽǸŮˣƾʲôܹӦȥ
ĿһתͷǿԵĻܹʱһСޱѹܹܵܡ
ŲԸΪСޱǰѻ˵
п޵شӦˡ
Ȼ˾һԵŽޱɱ䡪ǺãΨһֻܶԵͷţҪʱе㳤
֮ǰʣѻʲôʱʵ
˵ȸЦŵȡǣÿ֮ǰЩ׶ٶиӦ
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ԣȸЦһʵҲûоѡ
üģ;֪ˡ֮ױӶΪ׵ġ
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ҵĸĸͽСϵǣΣڵ׻ԭа׻ǽΟϧλΟʵ㣬ͷòгˣоӻͯҺ¶˻ΟǴ֮ˡ
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Сޱǹ͹һ˵˹ȥ
ԭɫƽĽޱһӱų͵ЦݣرסɷþòŸ
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390 

ΪԹȺڵ˷׷׿˹
ỹһãȻı飬
ޱ򽭶Ӧ֪ģҸʵûκѪԵϵ
ϰڳըӶˣҲɴ۾
ޱȴǿҰ˵ģ֮ĺڡΪ֮ûãҰ־ͱȷʧȥȻһʼҶҽԺſڣּշתŵǹ¶Ժʼնûҵҡ
ֻҰȴѪˣֻһһҪҵҡˣ뵽ҵ壬Ǿƴ׬Ǯ⳴ƱǶǮֻҪ׬ǮķʽǶԹˡ˵治һ񡣡
˵ԼЩǮ˱ˣڻûҵ֮ǰͰЩƲתƵҵ¡ԼͷȴֻһЩʽת
ǼӤΪһʱлҰŵҵңиܵҲܰһ¡Ȼ
ʱʧܣҰвʣȥ˶ĳҪ׬һʣĺۣǷһʶծ
ΪǵĲƲ£ûҪծĶߡǷѾ˼ҵң͵͵ƲңҲңԼѡɱǱʶծ
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ķŭޱȴǵˡ
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˶٣ҳϣںŸڶΪ׵ʱҾͺˡڲӦȥȻûǰᣬⱲӶڡôڣ˾ˣҶԣŸǸҪ
סӣɫżְ:Сޱʲôûϵġ
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ڽȻýޱɱʲôԵġ
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һʶͷȥͼޱƯ˿УԴԴϵľڷӵ
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죬ڲͣȻһ¡
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391 ӿ

⸱ģüʲô𣿡
֪Σ㿪ڵ׳ںԿ׻ɹˡ
ֻҪһЩСԿ״ͨ˽֮ںϲһ¡
ңͨͬԵԿףͨҲܹǿһЩԭǿں㹻ľϵԿףмʱס
ķ絺ˣҶÿϣ
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һսҡѵ̿ڵȻ֮ЩŵͻָʶȻԼɱôͬǲɱǷˡ
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ǾΣƵͷļƷԿҲһǧѣóһǧѣҲǴѪˡ
ԣ۾һڵҪľϵˮϵϵϵ;ϵԿס
Ҿܽ⼸ԵԿ׸㣬Ҳұ֤Կ׶⼸Եġ
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392 Զ

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394 

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ˣ˵ϻˡΣһΣǶܲѡȻܲǾӭѶϰɡ
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ԷĿԹ޵ɢ˦˦ǹֶ׼һԶ
һҹȥ׶ûͣЪƬ̣ȫĵͶ뵽սС
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395 

ӳڴϣ̲ס˸Ŀȥȴɴסˡ
ôˣץһ̻ʣʵ
ȻףҲˡЩܹԷǿɿסֻԷñȶһ
۾㿴ǧɭǲǽΧˣ
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˽ָˣһı
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ˣǧɭ֣ǡʱһ׵
ˣȻڿžʱþԼ̫𣿡˵˵
Լ㣬˵ˣֻͿˡ
ڳԼľ
Ǻˣȴ˽ǧɭ֣Ȼҵָʾս
ϼһ˾Ȼڲˣ
ҪˣȴΣѾ˵ǧɭ֡
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׶ǧɭˣ۾һ̣ǧɭеľʼϿٱλá
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ӷһλ䵥ʹ鷳ȥӦС
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棬һӷһλ䵥ĿǰѾˣԲ⡣
ȸӷľŵӷ鷳һǰӦСȸٶȿ㣬ȽϽ
Ͻˣ·ȥӾͻᱻԶΧŹ
㲻Ҫ˯һһŮλķȥ

ӽǧɭУ׶оǰδе˳

ֻǧɭеǧɭ֡Щǵ
ǡʱ𣺡Σ㣬ߵӷĸ߿գ뿪ǧɭֵķΧϽŪ
ǱƺҲ˲ԣʼͼ뿪ǧɭ֣ǧɭеľٵָ̼ܻ֮ߵĻ߲ȥϱõľǸͱ治巽
ǣǷ׷뵽˴Ӹ߿ͻơ
Ȼһһ˸߿ա
ȴֻΣԸһΪ
ôˣƵؿһһصǧɭֵʵ
ΪѾ˲ãκ˽߿գڵᱻþشʡ
Զǿ֮ҲֻץϹСȽԸǻЩѣ޲ߡ
Ȼصǧɭ֮ͻü
΢΢һЦķǧɭƮµŵĻӱǼ˵鶼һӺ
ȸױ̴һλ࣬Щ£ô£
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ֹ˶˲Ծ
ʲôʵ
ЦЩԶôֻҪǵɢȣͻúöԸ˰ɡ
ϱӣԵûѧȴίʵѧ˲ٶԸֶΡں棬˽һ걦̡
꣬ʵһʽ
պãĿռֲһɢҩɢ걦ʱвжһַʽ
ҲֻһԣĻ᲻Ч
ʵϣǻϱӣǲģΪʱ겻ȫһðѶѶ˵Ļûطˡ
˸ûԺ޹˼ɵʩչ
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һΣ㿪ڵ㳷ɣһὫҵĵ򸲸ǵ
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һ죬ͬάֲסˣֱ֧Ԯһ¡
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û뵽ǣںڰʧ֮ǰʷˡ
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396 ֮

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397 Ϣ

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ҲǣҲҪһ򾡣ᣬûоܾĵ
ǣһ֮󣬳ϵľƾͱ8vs9
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398 ס

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һ֪ܲʩչǿϢ׼ģۡ
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²֮ǰ׼Ҳйоء
Ŀȴ䵽ǸӦɱϡ
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399 ϲ

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400 

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ٻѾ絺ˡ
һ絺ߵĹԱӭ
𣿡ֱʵ
סȸססס׶ˣʣ׻ס׺סׯش
˵ͷȥŸķˣ˵˽ҡ
һ죬˶ˣһǰ໥Щ᲻
䣬ϣҲ֪ûС
ΪӺԵʣһеϴ磬Ҳû˸ôû鷳ࡣ
ˣһսûʲô⣬Ҫİã뷨˵һ˵
ȸĿƳϣҪýޱ˹˸һˣ
СҲСޱľûǳ̶ȣǽ˹Щˡ
˹Ȼ󣬵ͦôףޱǺ߷ģߵʵǰ߻һЩġ
˵ɱ˹ҪһЩ֮һˣҲû˹ٶ١
Ǿֻ˷Ǩˡڵ
ԣҶĬˡ
ûԸ⿪ڣϾĵУϽ˼ֱǸӴ󼯺ϣ˭ҲԼһҷӡ
üҪķɣһҪǹС
ʵϣֹҲûһһɱġ
˶٣ڵҿԽһûз¼ĺͯڴˡ
˶ǲ˼
ͷ۵ͳƿɣʲôñ׼
Ҳ¡
պᶼ絺Ǳߣ˶ʱûܼ¼ãԭеı棬˵ˡ
Ͼܺ˶⣬Ҳܻ˶⣬̳һͬʵġ
ܿݾͳˣȻϵǣĺͯȻռһ
ô£ȸסˡ
ׯ͵Ժͯбʩû˸ĸҲܵõĸǴˡ
Ҳɵ֪취һ˿
ĻҪðˡ
գһ˻ǾֻЩûзĺͯЩˡɻбӻҲֹڴˡµĺͯᱻֱ˶ȥǸʱ򣬾ͿԶ½й滮µˡ
¶ǶԿɲ򵥣ϾǵĴǱܻͨ˵ġ
ˣִģ˿Ǩ㣬ҪǶϽ˽һ̶ȵ˼άġ
漰˼άҲ֪ס
֮ǰʰĶʰ𣿡һ磬Ϳʵ
ͷʰˣҸش
ļҹ¶Ժر飬һͷԸСʱ߶ϴɾʰ˳¶Ժȥ
˵¶ԺĺӲ٣ڶæ۾ЦҴȥ幤⼸ڼԼԷûɣ
ֶ˵û⣬ʹһĶˡ
ȻҲʼΣʡ
㲻Ҫҽ飿Ӣһľʵ
ͷ׼ȷ˵Ҳκ˽顣
㻹ò׼ԼǲϲңΣɻ
ҡҡͷΣ㲻ף⡣ʵϣھϲǼٶû壬Ϊ֮ϲˡ
ֻǾãûнıҪ𣿡
ΣĬã飬ΪҵӣҪܹȨű׷ȴʲô
ǳΪ˴˶еġ
-

401 ս

Σһǻ飬Ȼʯĳûиı⡣
ǴԽֹһεĹϵѰ˼ֵĺܶû˼֡
磬ƽ˶Ҫ飬Ҫ׬ܶǮϣΪĽĶ󡭡Щ飬Զǿпˡ
ԣòҲԴ˲̫ǿ
ܰãȤ
Σؼˣڰ·ϣ͸ƽʱһ࣬˰ܡ
·ʲô鶼ûзһ㡣
Σ̾һ
ʮ
겻µ׵絺æˣθոȷһλ׵ݣǱϢ˵ַһµγˡ
ģ⼸ô£κһѴõļһ
ׯ̾˿ӳԶǺ¡
˵Ƕ⡣κ
µˣ˵ׯ̾˿ƷԵӾϽ˿ڵʱҾ֪ˡ
;Щè壬ȴҲû뵽ôһѴġκ̾˿
׻ȸ˹פ׾˵ҲˡѵҲ̸С
ׯ̾˿Ѿﵽʮλˣʮ꣬Ҿÿư١
Ǣ̸ԤҪʱģ׵˵Ժÿ궼һһ죬ǻὫġκ²
˵ׯµ׻ɹ𣿡
ûСκЦҲϰʧ˲𣿡
ȵһ𣿡
Ҳܻ֣
ܱ˵ô㤵ĻҪ׻׷裿
ðɺðɣ˵˵¡

¶˳ܻؼңԼҾ˾һʧ䣬ʱƵɣʧˣ
Σ޾ɵص˵ͷ
ȷˣ¶ü
Σͷ
ģ¶ʡ
Σͷ
£¶ʼϴӦ޸㣬Ҿþ˾㻹İɣⱲӶҪˡ
ȴòУԴֽ֮󣬼ʵβҲ鲻ˡ
ǰӾ͹øˡ
⣬ҲỳС
ҲûϵҲһȤȻͷһأֻġ
ҪΣ㲻ҪǵŽ͸ˡ
ʱͽޱźӹǰꡪȻӣ彡֮ĽޱȴҪԼĺӣȻǿޱġȺһС̾ͺˣֻ޲ܰѺӸȥ
һͣޱ˲вҲԼ費Ҫ͵һˡ
ΣĽˣһˣһֱĿƳ
ǶƹŹˣ͸ûһ
Ǻֵģؼסһ졪˿ǵĵϱҲ̫ȥˣʱ䶼ǸΣһġ
¶Ҳˣûдҳ˼
ΣԸһֱ£ߵʵΪᡣ
ӣӸҲûˣʲôþġ
ʮٴη
һΣӦʷûѶȵѡ
Щףȫ̾͸ϷһһȺЩ¶֪Զ֣ɹʵҲô
ûϵѾΣһѹûлˣЩʵҲҪˡ
˺ϺϵʱΣһһԺ̫ϣ·¡
ŮǴ߶˼Ҳ¸ðͷֱ̺ӳǸˡ
ȽŲһʧ˾ĵ۾һЦ
㻹ǵǵһμ𣿡Σʡ
һᵽҼҶ棿
ǣҪ硣Σ΢΢Цһۿ㣬Ҿ;ãӦҵӡ
ôˣ̲סԹ㿴໵һӶûԸ
ȴһ±Ը
ʵиоġ
ﵽ꣬ٵ棬ٵգٵٵΣ㣬ЩûƵ㣬ĶȫΡ
ֹǣС
˼
սᣬ˼άҲսᡣ
صϵİ֮ȴɫ䣬þû˵
˼죬ɵϢⱲӣҲȷʵͦߵģһӵĻ鶼ûгɹ
ͲЦˡ
룬Ϣȴҧг³һ֣?˼?
ǲԼ
˼һ漴ЦڳԼĴף
-

402 

ҶεתЩ졣
ʱתСӤͷɳȻһΣ۾ʱ򣬾ѾһٵĳŮˡ
ڣӵŮӵļġ
ٵŮѰв׼ͥĸ˫ȫһ㣬һá
ٿУԭǳƯģò࣬ЦʱȴǴȻۡƻòѰòɰ㡣
ȻΪ϶ȴ˱ĸԵĴڡ
ȻᣬپĲǱġ
ΪʲôҪ˵һ˵ˡ
ж꣬һ˶Դ硪˳ΪϢء
ˣ˵ƺҲֻͣϡ
ǲ˳ø߰󣬲˵ƷȴΪѰҰµΨһ׼
УƻϢһ򱻳֮Ϊ֮Դõ廨㣬ȻƻϢҲΪܻӭСζ
ֻ٣Ϣƽƽ㡣
Ȼ常ĸԼŮֻۡǶȴЩ⣬⵽ǲò󲿷ע䵽ŮСŮϣ˶Ů
ִᣬȻһˣѾˡ
̫õıȷǱǿŮɹŮˣңԺˣֻҪ֪ˣɷһӶû֪Ĺ
ڶȴǲһġ
Ϣز㣬һһֲɷָĴڣŮ´ʱȻȻڵһ֡
Ҳ˵ֻҪŮ²ûһֻճദһЩϢҲȾ϶Էζ
źŵζںϵĻܿø˶֪ĵ
²ⷽ棬˭Ҳϲһֱǰεĺۼ
ȻѾϴϢصĿƼֶΣʵ죬Ҳֻϴȥһ֣ȫϴȥ
ΪԵʣ˴СŴͷŵϢظһ˫۾͸Ӵ¶˳Ҳõ׼ϡסķӸõĸָ߶˵ĸϣԱϢܵȾ
Ҳⷽʩ̫õĹϵŮ֮ԵһѣϢͨĻãϢسڵģҪ˶ϡ
СӣǾ͸ױ˵ˡ
ˣƻΣԾҪ١ҲˣСƻѧĸ͵ģѧ常͵ġ
٣У͵ġ
Ȼǵѡ񣬵һӶԣĸԴ˺ʵ̫ˡ
ڣ׵ʱ常ĸôӳȥտ͵үү̻⹫żңԼŴŮСŮȥ
ƻŸΣգӦôٳŵġ
ǣڴŮСŮϻѵʱ;ˣ˲֪㿪ʼƫˡ
پӵļͥгģôŬôĳɼֻܻһܵĿޡ
ĬĺӽҲٿֻĬĬԼ£ϳɫѧԺҵȡһĽĹ֮Ӽ˳
Ҷܹ֮Խ٣ȴûɵġ
֮ǰŮѾԼ
˭Ҳû뵽常ĸϼӷصƻûκ¼ȴˡ
Ů鱾ί£뵽ĸСĺӣ뵽ԼȾϢأ֮ѡɱ
ҶʱѾͨųһѪˣԡˮѾѪˡ
ʹһ˴ֻе·ҶأҲǷ˵㹦ɱ䣬ԼԵ
ڣٷ˷ԭļ䣬ϢȻȾˣʵûıǿŮɣֻǱϽްǹ·ȫһ顣
ȻôҲͦĵġ
ҡ
ԡ⿪ϵĸ£жһɵľ㡣
˵ʵţ뵽ľԴͻ
üͷ£ԡϴһ裬滹ãһͷζڡ
뵽ԭֻ֪ȥҽԺϴϢصĳʶҡҡͷְ취
Ȳ˵ʲôɲΪŵǣؼҽԺҲû취ȫϢϴ
Լ취
֮ûõģȻոƵʱͻЧõȵڡ
ԳþϢ޳
ٳһ£ȻͱĻˡ
Ϊ֣ľ޳޳֮ڲɻľ㡣
Ҳ˵Ϣزǳֱֵ֣ڣΪһ֡
һ̣׶ΪʲôҪԼʵˡ
-

403 Ϣʦ

ʱϢûа취ֻٴνԼʵʵ߳ԡҡ
˵Ȼ˴ſЩ죬˵ĸо϶ǳʵϲˡ
Ҫ˵ϰߵģǱʵʵͷ
оӶһëסˣͷ
ٲԾȥӺԵʱˣĻʾһͬµ֡
ͨģԭʵʲô𣿡
ٽ㣡ЩеϽһˣ֮ǰε㸺Ǳʵӳ⣬˿
üĵӸʲôңеεڹҵͷε˵ʵҲûʲôԹ˵ε١
ԭ򡭡ƾߣǿһͿŰٷ֮ٵĹ˿ȻõϰʶΪ˹Ŀˡ
εͱٴʮ꣬ȴڿҿҹʮͬλãܿù߲Źˡ
֮е֪ٵϢؾȻƽƽ㣬εĵ͸ˣڹҼ鷳
ԭǸĬ͵ŮӣóԱ粵ȴڹϸŬóɫҵػ˶Է
Сؼεˣϰڴ
ˣһ㶣˵ĵӣ
ƺµɻ󣬽СҲɺϣεĶˣ˼١
ûü
СˣˣӼβףڶ
ٶʱͷۣǿԣ治ӴЩԭϵˡϾȻԭļ䣬Ŀǰֻ棬ûüϸµʱ©ӱ˿ʲô
λ鳤أʵ
ˣٽˣλ鳤˽鳤ҽԺ鳤ͻ鳤г
µĻȥˡ
̾˿Ͼ
ţҵȡ˹İ߽˶ŵĵݡ
˵ٵĹҲǶҵ
һϢʦ˼壬ǶϢؽΪţıζһּƿߡ
ڿƼֶ޷ȫϢȾʱϢʦͻΪõ
Ȼ޷ϢȥǾͽ֮ıĿȫǡ
ȻϢʦĹ˿Ⱥ廹һЩԼϢز⣬Ҫиıˡ
ε֮ǰӵǱʵӾһλ˿͵ġ
һԽոպѶĸС㡣Ϣ㣬δϢȴǳ㡣
˵ϢصĽϲ̫Υ͸УȻλСϢζʵ̫ŨˣŨֱӸסδϢء
ȻЩԵϢҲǻ㣬ȻλСδǲԼϢȫġմȾЩˣܱҫһԼµȻȴܽԼǻ
ҲˣλСδһǵĹѰ
ԭŵϰҪٵģʱͷһ⣬εԶӧݵӾ͵ϡ
ϵζǵĳɹ㽫Լȥ׵ַŵͮıǰȻŭһôļǮѵҪõľЧ𣿡
ͮüͷһ£ɫͲ
ܿҵģԭⷽ治˽⣬ôЩҲѾΪˡ
ϵϢأƺûʲô⣬ȷʵԭ࣬˵Ǵ˹˿Ҫ
Ȼϸţܹζĺζһ˵ɬζ
վδһֱûпڣüۼҲŭŵðһϢ𣿡
ŵ沿һ˲鴤漴ŭһժԼס
һ˲䣬ڳ˵ɫˡ
ᡭЩ¡֪˭̲סСڵ
ǵģŵϢȻ㣬ȴŨҵζҪ˵Ϣػ˵ĳܷΧڣŵϢؾ˲ˡ
ִձֵۣĿǰҲûвˡ
޷أ˶ġ
ǡʱͮ˴߽٣۾һСܲȡ
ڵ½鳤ΪӣѾù꽯鳤ݣ潯鳤Ϊҵ
û˵˳ִһߵ̨ó֧ԹܣȡһŵϢأֽȡһֽϢأȻŲؿڵҵÿ鳤ٶϢؽһܸ𸴡
-

404 ٽ

ٵĻش𣬽Ȼ⣬˰ҲˣʵҪã
Ǵ𸴿𣿡
Ŷһۣ˿춼ˣҲûټ֡
컹ûһ׼ȷĴ𸴣ͱ߷֮ǰƳͮһۡ
δ뿪ˣҵ˷׷˿
ٽ㲻֪λСжֱֲӾͰǰ̨ͣǶˡ
ֹأֱӰѿļϽҸס
һ飬ֱӾͰѼˡ

ˣƶˡͮššüͷٵСһˡ
ǣϰ塣
Ƚͮİ칫ңҲûຮѣֱʵа𣿡
ٵĻɲš
Ҳ⣬ֱӽԼж˵˳ȣ۲С
ϸ˵ͮԵɫ䣬Ԥϡ
ٵΨһİ취ǽλ˿͵ϢرɸϢأһҪĵϢؾʹˣǲһǮ׬õٽȥ
ϢʦҪҪزľϢأȻÿ궼֯ҾϢأ˵ϢʦԲǱˮнϢأ֮ľҲǳҡ
˽µϢؽסⷽƷǳϸϢؽ׶ҪзǳƵСȻеҲȥϢء
ϾϢⶫ˵ָһǷǳ˽˵ģǱˣ˵ϾĪ˼
ԣûƵûϢصģһЩ֮ͽ
䣬˺ӣϢʵҲ
Ϣأͮ׼Ҳɳһ
Ҫ֪ĹңûϢصĵӣ
һֵѶȸߣʱã׬ȴ˵ҲûҪ鷳ֵҲҪģϢؿ漫ΪԣʱǾԲҽӡ
ģ˵ϢأҲСͣҪϢزᳬʮ֡ٿڵ
ԣͮ˿Ȼüͷһ壬ʵˣ㿴ĶεҲˣ˵᷸׾ӵĴ󡣡
ˡٵλСϢӵܽӴϢѾܵһȾֻǲײ΢Сƽʱ׷ڽϢĹȴܹҪӰ졣
ͮɫһ䣬ô˵ĻȫڶԷ
³뷨ҡҡͷûˣҪʱֲá
˵εĴ̫ˣȻôĴ
ͮҲˡ
ڹҴСʱдһµͻȥˡ
ٴεѾǰҹˣ۵òУ޲̾¡ʱȴˡ
Ǵҵһƻĵ绰üͷһ壬׻ǽ
һͨƻĿʹˣСô죿ҵϢرȾˡ
ٷ˸ۣûϢزͱȾ𣿡
常ĸСŮСŮȻ̵ǣȵǽԺõģԭ
ĵ׸һĨ޵Ĵʹ
ǵġƻҭŵСô죿ҵϢβ֪Ϊʲôúš
Ⱦȴǵ͸˵𣿽Ҫ㵱ʱǻŮת𣿡
ƻҲҲãԭûн֮飬˵ء
˵֮֮ȥҲԶ
˵ףⶼ常ĸƫĵµġ
С˵ƻ޵ø㲻ϢʦңҰϢصá
ҡҡͷжٴ
ʲôƻЩ¡
ٵһ򵥵ϢҪʮϣϢܹʮȾǵ͵ĸϢҪһûǮϢ
⻰ȻҲʵ
ǡô죿ƻЩ
ٳĬȥҽԺϴһϢأǸ۸ȽϺ߰ˡ
ԭܻΪƻǣƻȴһ鶼ûСΪմȾ˼ֽ֮飬ԭ֮ȴΪƽ
Ůκ˶ֵϧȴһԸĸ飬ӶԼ
˻ԭԼǿԼϧԼ
⻰ûд
Ȼֻԭʮһˣֻ¶һٽ㡣
ԭ̫̫ίϢȾʹٽ㣬ױ
-

405 

ƻ˵ʲôٲ֪ˣΪ绹ûйңѾһ˯ˡ
ڶ죬ȥҸεʰ̯ӡ
һææϾŵ㣬ȵҵʱѾʮˡ
ϵǣȻڼſڿƻ
ôˣţżƻŽȥˡ
ҡƻҲһؼҡ
һ漴һ۵ʮˡ
ǽƻʮţٽʮʮ
Ǳĸ̫õĹϵƻҲãҲãٶ졣
Ҹô찡ƻ˵˵ųҭû뵽Ļ϶ȾģеĵϢغܺŵġ
ٲÿɷ񣬡ϢضȾôˣκµϢصֶпɲصĺѹܶΡ
ƻĻ֮͸ǳҭҭˡ
ԲԼϴֱ֮ȥ˯ˡ
Ȼһ磬پͽӵ常ĸͨѶƻڲǣ֪֮һͨ䣬Ӧǰǡ
÷÷÷÷
Թ緹ֱӾͰƻϳȥˡ
ԼԼ취鷳ҡһ䣬͹ȥϰˡ
ǸǶδӣҲòԴ
ٳ⣬ǹҲҪȥˡ
Ϣ˵ǽµϢֲ壬֮ںϵ
˵ʵЩ߳ܣʦҪҲǳߡ
Ϊߵʱȫһ˿ңʦҪ׼Ҫ󣬻סԼԴ󷢡
Եʱ
ǵģڶ꣬Ϣִھ൱һֺɶɣ˵ȫȫƿĸй٣**Ҳ֮һ
ҪһϸʦҪܵϢصֿѵͲ֪ڼ޳˸ǲ
ǵΪʽʦһС룬ҲùϾʱ尾
ҲΪ㣬ʦһ򱻳Ϊ࣬˵ȺٶЩ
ȻҵһԵĻᰲʦΪͬǷ¶⣬һЩʱ
ʱй˿ָΪѶʦ޷ʤΡ
ԭļУΪÿһζǴ찾ġ
Σԭȫļ֪ʶ֮ȴҲҪּ尾ˡ
ڽΪ˳ֵŵʱ򣬱˵٣һԵĽҲ
ٽ㣬עҶöˡ
ٽ㣬һҪϢأҶźˡ
ٽ㣬ֹѪҸҺҪ׼ˡ

ΪܹȥģβһͬΪԣǿɻûٵĶԾͲȥˡ
Ҫʱ𣿡ͮʵ
ҡͷá֮Ϣֲ̫ˣĬϹ鰲ͬϵġ
ѶȱͲͣϢڣȻҵġ
Ȼȶ߽֮پͷԼһĵƺ׷ˡ
ɬңܸоԼҺճ˸ϣڵǳ֫ٺ
ǣĴȴ侲ˡ
Ϊ侲ȡȻһϢע䣬ϵݽϢص䶳ڵϢؿʼ仯ֱﵽԤڣⳡˡ
˶ˡ
ͮСǲֽˣôע䶳˨ֱȶˣ
ָֹûжһºòã
Ҫǡǿʱ䣡
һȻʶȥϵӡ
ʮһ֡ʱȥģͮ˿ڿˮ
е¼ͬſˮʮһʮ֣ʱܹСʱʮһӡ
˵¼ߣ֮ǰٸСʱǡڸ
ûκ֣һһԵĸ
Ƕôֲݣ
άֵٴҳðܣ˲ʶ
죬Ͻ͵ҡ
ͮһ£æٷ˾ҡ
Ѿû˵ˣȫڣַһᡣ
ȽһߣֱƿһԵľȥ
νأʵһˮأܵϢظصʱŻõġ
˵ٻزȻʵֲᷳǳԱĵ鶯ĥ¹ʹһЩ
͸趨
ţ˼˯֮С
-

406 

˵涼ǵ׵ģϾǸ˴򹤵ģǸɵٺҲԼɡ
˵٣治ǺҺ˼˿ơƵʦдпΪǳɣҲܸ⡣
ϢеģܽӴҪʦĹ˿͡ҪǸܶ࿪չһЩҵԼҲôͷνǻݻ
ֹֻһΣȴپܾˡ
һΣΪԼҪܾԥºȵȣҿǼ졣
˼ɴ۾ôͻȻ뿪ˣ
ЩΪԭЦȴǵЦҴ°ȥAʦʸ֤
ԭʵʵȥAʦʸ֤SҲǲսһ¡
ֻһֱҪȸУҪڸĸߡϾBʦãAʦȸзչͲʺˣƱҪĳȥ
Ȼƻڣʵ˿סĸҪʲô£ָָϵġ
Ҫ˵ԭжںĸҲǣڽϾøĸֵ۰ƻ
ⷽ˵ԭѾЩƫִˡ
ȻȴԭԸǲʵֵġڸĸԣƫ˵Ǻٰġ
ΪôĸĸҲԺۡ
ʦĺǸĸȴֻὫעĿ䵽Ƶĺϡ
ʹٱֳԼĿɿ常ĸ˶۰չƻ
ԣһҲ㰴ԭļƻȥ
ΪԭĸٲܶΣϾΪ˸ĸٶĲϸ񣬵ҲԭȻȷʵһദȻˣԶ룬Ӷల¡
һ˵˾ˣٳΪAʦƱڵĹдȥҪı·ˡ
˼ʱˣ˵ģ˵ȥˡõAʦҸһ뿪ȸУȥдͶƬг۲ˡ
Ҫ˵ϢƬгǵ֮ͷϴ
ʦҲϢḻĵطʦԴ
ܿȴǷ˲ԣ鶯һ£ü٣Ϣغ񲻴ˣ
һ㶣ѣҲ˲ԡ
׼һȵζϵһΪ˼ء
Ҳ֪ס˵ͷǰ쵹ùһ
˵һ
ǰܿ£˿̶ֳȵġӦû˵ְɣ
ҡͷ
Ȼԭļ䣬ֲΪǸǿСͷۡ
ΪԹߣܿǸӦòһ߷˵׼ǸԭʱŲֺʿˮ֪ˡ
ʱԭõŲӣһʼµòҷȵԷҪصʱȴƴԸѲϴҲԸͷ
ƺҲԭǿҵķӦŵˣµĶˡ
ԭҲŻˣŴøӻˣû뵽Ҫ
ȵȣ˼ȴһ϶ľ㣬ѵ
ٵһЦҾͲˡ
ȥָ֤ǸûǸҪ
һԷӦѾٴηûָ֤ӰаܹоԭǲҪԼģǸصŮӡ
٣Ҳ빫ԭľǻܵõһʱͬ飬ȻָָҲɱ⡣
ұҵ֪αأǸǿõĸĿŮѾ뿪ˣȥȡǵͬϧкã
ûж̸Ĵ㣬ҲʶȤ˵Ļ⡣
Ȼ˼ȥдҲƴһѰɡܿЦеպҰ˵ǱߴһҷԺҪȥ򡣡
׼գգ۾ЩĽҲȥС
һȺˣ㲻ѣҲԲˡ
˼ļǻûأ˸СߵȹϼоʲôɹǱȥ콱ǲܼ𣿡
ǰҳȥһҲͰĹʲô˸еģѵ㻹ǵǮܿҲο
׼ѵź
һȥɷ˰죬֮ȥһٺ
һһǽˡ
ʦAʸ֤ÿܿһΣ°ĿԻʣ£ٴºúһԭĸʦ֪ʶ
ææµµģ֪¹ȥ
ӹһһˮûտһĻʾ֣־Ͳһ١
-

407 ̽

գٵ׻ǽͨͨѶ
衣ڵ
ĸĬòſڵС٣˵ʦ붼ܸߡ
˵⻰ʱĴĴָָײġһԵ常Ҳסһģ
ٴĻ㵽Ҫ˵ʲô
㡭ĸһ׻ǿڵͷжٻܲܽһ裿
ӵĶʹദĬȻһӣʵΪƻ
ĸûע⵽ֱƻ֣ҧŴšϢܵ˶Ⱦ֮ǰѾȥҽԺϴˣȻ̫룬Ȼ̸࣬ϺšҽԺҽǸʦиȫеңڵĹң˵ˣõȥǻѣǴһ£ٶһʮ򣬼һʱòôǮݽˣǲ˵㡣
Ůɷ˵ǲܵġ
ֱѧҵ˷ӰȥǻʶԼ޶ںǻŮСŮʱŮжӣΪĸж಻ϸ
ȻҪֲʱѾˡ
ǿԣҲԸſŮҪǮĸģͲðԼжӣôԸҪŮǮ
ֲ˲ˡ
ǿǷĶŮ
٣ʵ
ĸСʮ򡣡ίʵǸСĿ
ٵͷһ㣬취һգȥ
ĸ˵ͷֺܿʶŮһʱֲ֪˵ʲôǾ䡰ллôҲ˵ڡ
գڵҸֻ취Ǯģʱ䳤һ㣬ܻỹġ
šӦһʵĻôˣԺǴô
常ĸ˵ķӽҪƻģǵĻŸһһ׷ӣȻֻ׸
ҪܿСķӣлȥ常ĸҪǳŵ׸常ĸ˵ǮǰܸںԼ׬Ǯ׸˷ӡ
ŮûԼֻʵСŮĸһʣ㺿ޣǾʧһͨѶ
ſɷϣҪⷿӲƻƻˣСٺ͹һһɣĻƻƻϣҲ˵ʲô
İŶƽˣȻ
常ԥ£ҡͷУƻƻǸҲˣʲôԺ󡭡С٣ʦʮٵõóȴֻǼµ롣ʲôҲܹúá
ĸֹȴʲôû˵
常֪뷨̾˿͵ƫĺˣֻҪǶܹúãƫͷͱ˰ɡ
ĸģϣжŮúãʱƽʱֺܲƽ
ٲ֪Ըĸ̸֮ҵͨѶֱ֮ϰ壬Ǯ
ͷжʮԼͷһãҪ
ͮûжʣԥʹӦˡ
ϻµĹʶֹ򣬾͵Ԥ֧ˣûҪϲӡ
οٸհһ֮ѡ
ͮǱ䣬±Ǯ˹Ҳû飬˵Ͱʮת常ĸĻͷ
ǻȻ̾˿ĸͶŮ֮䣬ʱҲûԵֵġ
˹¶ԺҶأĸ˫ȫȴԵ١
Դˣ粻֪ʱͿˡ
֮ʧ֮
û죬پյ常ĸѶϢ˵Ǵƻȥˡ˵ʲô뷨ܿ콫ǵ˼Ժˡ
ڲμAʸ֤Ŀǰ죬صȥһ¡
常ĸǶȻǱӵĺӣĳɳвһůûеġ
ˣټǿĺӣ鶼Ťġ
常ĸǴ¼ķˣǷȥ˳ĸֵܽȴ໹¡
׵ʱûٱүү⹫ǶҲˣλ˵ĸǳá
ƻλҲ١
µ岮ùú;̣Ҳƫų١
ԼAʸ֤֮Ҫ뿪ȸУٴ֮ǰ̽һˡ
λ񲢲ˣϴѧˤһӻԺûүүȥѪûȹֻʣ̺⹫ˡ
ұڴ壬ȥ̽ûʲôġ
󲮼ǸˬģҴϵģϱദһãҲͺġ
ŴСԶԶ
裬裬˭ˣϲٲɱЦˡ
-

408 Ī

Ļ䣬һС̫̫ʹ˳
ǲݣĶĶأ̰ʮˣɶëûУۻֲϻƽʱ۾ˡ
С̫̫۾ˣģ׵ĲУʵĳˣŮ
̣Ѿߵǰˣæǰס֡
һЦˣôʱˣϻزǻ˵Ҫܻ𣿡
ٽͷһѵĶݸǻϲüôණɶУƷѣĶֲֹʵݡ
̾Ͳ߶ŮԲ˵Ůҵģ߶߶ɶ
˵ϱҲв׵ʱͲ߶߶ʲô˵ĻúӿĲǡ
ٲµŵ˼ҲһЦ
ٻͷԴҸﶬ·˫ЬһЩԲ轺ƽʱпռǵԡ
̫̫ĶЩ
֮⣬һЩˮţ̣ǸҳԵģûж˵Ҳ
ͷ̵ֶҽҪAʦʸ֤ƾͲˡ
ԣ̺ʹﶼһ
A̳£ǸϵҽԺ˵Aʦ
ȸΪģԵûҽԺģȴУȻ£Ҳܿص档
ǸһԵĴǰBʦٿ϶Aˡ
̾ȵòˣҲҪΪ˲õˣ
ٲЦûء
϶ϡ̶ŮΪģݴСԾûһοġ
Ǵԥµ㿼ǲǾҪ뿪ȸˣ
ٵͷǿˣҴȥзչ
ʱЩᣬر𿴵ÿǺ£бȸǿ֪ٱȥǲдϢ
ֵзҼȥлҲܷ㡣ʱȻԭһǡ
ָˡ
̿лŵĶǸ⹫İɣϽȥȻ⹫ϣһԷɱ
Ҳǹˣٲûе飬Ŷȥڴˡ
̲ͬ⹫ֻһһŮŮĸҵȥУ֪ΪûѶҲ⹫ǶӵģֻǺֶסýƽʱҲܰһ£ӵҲò
ٵʱ򣬼ĴŵģȥˣͿ⹫ŸŸˮͰˡ
⹫ȥˣæȥӹˮͰ
⹫ԶԶ㿴ŮˣЦ⣬ֻһȴòС
ȰѶźãٸ·ͳʳ⹫ſʵʲôʱģ
ջһ⹫ԼɹɿţеˣҺȥԷھȥ
ɡ⹫ֱӴˮͰȥ̼Ӳ͡
ôֳˡ
˵ʱѾһƬˣһңСԼСһҲѾˣֵͬܽá
һֱڶϣٲʰ˶ȸС
ŴӳվͮͨѶˡ
ϰ壿˸Ƨĵطͨ硣
ͮźεŭ٣㱨Aʦʸ𣿡
һЩĪ
ѵΪԼAʦʸϰˣԼȻûн¸߶ԷΪ¶ԷǾûбҪ
׻ûѣʵʵ˵ǵġ
ͮˣʲôǵģ
˰ĲŷӦٵ˼˵㱨Aʦʸԣ
ٵ˵ͷЩɵʲô𣿡ƺԼΪ
Ȼû⡣ͮȴЦ
ĪˣҵͨѶ֮˽֪׷ʲô¡
˵ε֪Լʧ˼ʮ֮󲻵ûлǸҲûдְֱӾڼﲻϰˣһ㵡
ʲô
˵ͷǰ˵εʱͦѵģϹҸϢĶȾȥĹһ£Ļõ˴롣Ӽβףһ׷ӵķûл֮꣬ӦҪܷɡ
й棬ε֮ǰΪжϴµĹʧ˵ȫҪеһʧġ
ȻȻƺܲеôһʧ
-

409 Ҫ

üЦܹù𣿡
ͮĴ˾ٲԸҲðʷ𽻳
εȥμAʦʸԡش
һ㶣֮ʲôϵ𣿡
ٽ㲻֪𣿡ЩȵȸÿAʦȻڿеõһܹгһΧڵҪġ
ΧڵҪǺҪ
ط֮Ĳͬ
ȻҼǵüǰһλʦϣǷµծ񡣡
һгӦˣ
ӦˡӦˣծΪʲôӦ
ĬȻ¡Ҳ̫ˡ
ȴһߵĽúû취ʦĵλߣΪAʦ֮ӡȸегԺ˵ҲҪAʦϣ͵ǰǷϹ飬Ȼ⡣
˴˿̣Ҳ֮ǰͮΪʲôķӦˡ
һֻһԼμAʦʸԣεҪõһˡ

ҡҡͷԭжε˽⣬˻ЩˮƽԼϢصԶָƣżϵĻΪʵ
ȻȴΪεгΪAʦʸ
εۺͻˮƽѾˣȻȴʦְҵȱټԺ츳
ʵϣȸÿAʦȻÿġ
ټУкüȸеAʦʸͨ㵰
ˣڿʱٵıƽˣεȴһš
ôˣʧ̬ץסٵ䡣
ٿһۣȻΪʲô
ε۾ͷҪ֪ⳡԶжôҪΪʲô
ұȱٴĻ
εһ
Ѿ˦֣ߵԼλϡ
εз߷ߣȻ˶ˣҲֻ㬵ҵλ¡
һǱԣⷽεó
ԭⷽˮƽһܱȹȴ˵ˡ
ٵھôεĴԽ֮ͽȣǿҲžǿ
ǿˣڼѧϰϾҪȳǿ
Գɼǵģ뿪ʮӣĴĻϾʾ˵ĳɼˡ
ϣֵһ
֮⣬Ҳֺеһ
εֻݣȴŵʮˡ
ٲ⡣ǣͮǶˣεˮƽȸиʲôô׵õһġ
ڶԿʼʵ٣ÿ˳ȡһϢܵȾĹ˿ͣȻƳ
ܹμAʦʸԵʦƳһ϶ûġ
Ȼˮƽߵ;Ͳ˵ˡ
ˣһɾȥ
⣬εȻһˣɼȴã˵ǵͿշɹѾǵβˡ
۽⿴һһףҡҡͷʲôû˵
ʵϣεУͮݻһ½ʱ䣬ǹԪϵķϣͮ϶Ӧġ
Ȼ
εԼԼŵ˻Ͽ
һûԤõһҪعҹˣͮһ콫𽻳
ֹˣҪȥĹҾְҲˡ
ҶͬһУϢʲôȻͨεΪסû˻ҪԼһ˴Ըеʦ
ȥзչ
εмӣ˵뿪ȸУ뿪ˣҲס
һֱҪ߽
ٵòȡĲѶȺܸߵҲס
ҳ̾˿ԼͨԵļʺܸߣȻҪõһЩˡ
ǳϵǣһ䵽ͷϡ
ٿ˵ŷԼܹõһȫǿͬгС
Ȼڵ̨߲ɷгùĿ⿴ʱ˵ԼҪ
ϣԺAʦʸԵһʦҪ󡣡ڵ
ʵϣٱûʲôԸôһ˵
һȥзչAʦҲõĵȸг
ң̶ֳȵĵ治ʲô
һ˲䣬ȫǰġ
г齩һڵҲ̫˼
ҪװɵȥԵڣڶгҪ󣬶ǶκһͨԣԼծϣгծϣծĪʧ
֪егȷӦģֻȸегرСŰˡ
-

410 Ϣй¶

г֮ԸôΪȨѹˣƶͨڲΪ
ذǶгٲԸҲֻܽһӦٵҪ
ʱ˿̣˶ÿʿĿ⿴١
Դˣٵ˰䷢ԼAʦʸ֤뿪ˡ
˳˵һ䣬һȸ½Aʦֻһˡ
ģٽֱôг˵ģһӽ쿪ʼҵż񣡡
ôң
΢΢ʱ䳤ˣ֪ʲôʱʼؾͲԸһС΢ˡ
ѡĻ˭˵ʲô˵ʲô
ȥ·ϣӵͮͨѶ
ͨѶУͮˣ˵һͨĿ佱
ٵģͮ˵ģεõͬ๤ϰĺøУµУҲԲҵõ
ﲻϧǲܵģôõ˲ţԼĹסˡ
׻Ǹռࡣ
Է˵԰еĹңҡҡͷܾлΪҿǣȥвȥҸˡ֮ǰѾ˵ãɡ
ԣͮ漴Լдͺáпһ˹ңҰʣµĹʸˡ
Ц˵á
صңЬɳϡǴһᣬһ˯ˣˣѾһƬڰˡ
˿ʱѾŵˣҲȥСԵ㡣
ڵС۲ͣҵҲҵ൱ķˮ׼
ٲߵſڣʵСôҪȥ𣿡
ٵͷЦЦȥʳˡ
ȴüЩȫעһ°ȫ
˼˵ͷõģллѡ
ʮӣپ͵˸̳
Ȼ˷㣬治˵СԾ;öӱˡ
ȥ˼ͨѶȴǴˣ֪棬ֱ˵Ҫ̳
˼ⲻԶҲҪ߰˷ӣͣûʮˡ
ôһ룬Եһ̲ڵźڣͿһȺ˺ܹ
ֹ٣Ҳע⵽ˡ
̲ķԱȥ˿æŸϡͷ˿ϵɻСЩҵĽ͵ǸTTɶԳˣдϢй¶˳鷳԰ꡣ
Ϣй¶
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˼һ㶣Ҹͣó˵
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TTɶʵһɶԡȻһĿ˾ͱȽϡ
֮TTɶϣȻɴŸȴὫ¶ʹϢ̹¶
һЩ˾ٰTTɶԻţ䱳Ķ̿ȹӾװ
ΪȺԵģһTTɶԳϢй¶һǳ¡һСģܻΪϢȾ¼
ƫƫ£㻹û˵ֻϵù
˲ӣһȫװϹˡŲŮø̺ס˳
ǡʱһŨ÷Уһ˿Ҳһ
ͷһͿһŸͷȴµŮ˴컨ϵ
ô£
Ǵ컨ģ
˸Ͻ߿

̲һƬң۾ˣס˱ӡ
ȻûãϢֶֻܱյģ֮䣬Ϣؽ޿ײġ
˷Ӧһ˶Ů˹ȥ
˶ɵˣȷӦǰһžȥ߿ȻһѽǸڵϵŮ˳
Ŵ򿪣һ߸Ů˽ͷϡ˵Ů˵ĸƺˣϻϢй¶һ߶ŷԱ
ԱӦæְŴ򿪡
һһΣٶ̲ĵ곤ͷԱһסˡ
æŮϳȥ
ֻȵ࣬ȴŮֱװ꣬һʹŮ˽¼䡣
ԱҪ߽һŵŮ˵Ϣأ̲ˡ
ò׸ϸϪٳʱѾһ
ʱѾŮˣȥ˵ߵ
˽Ůٱ뿪ȴҪȥ¼
̾˿Ϣ˼ȻȥԼȥ˾֡
Ϊ鵽˴˿Ǹһˣ뵽˾֣鷳ˣ
-

411 ϢعӦ֢

ٱ˾֣֮ǰǸϢ÷ŮΪܺȻҲ˹
ƺЩѣؿһŮϡ
֮ϢһһãһԶĻŷǳص𺦵ġ
¼ͻȻһŮľʹˡ
תͷȥͿŮȫ鴤¸ŸҲܿʹϢ
ô£Ůһ޴ؽסſ˽͵ոջúõģͻȻ͡Ҳ֪ô¡
üͷԥʵһ𣿡
¼ľԭشȻ˱¼ϼ¼ְҵ˶ٻشԼ˵17꣡
ԣٿվ
ôˣɫʵڲã˶Щš
ڻȷҪ֪֮˵ţٽڳ鴤Ůޣʵܸ׼һ𣿡
ԱߵŮ
˵İ£ٽǸŮ˸䣬ȷϹţŽŮ·򿪡
ȻƤϴ˷ĺ㣬ԼԽŨϢأ̾˿
⣬ʲôŮɻ
ϢعӦ֢ٻش
ʲôŮЩĪ
ٵһֹ֢״ܴ̫Ϣء
ǡ𣿡
˵ģ˵ϲأ̾˿
ԣλŮŻˣھͽоȻ
ûáεʦĻҽﲻæ
ŮǰλСһλϢʦʱ˿Ҫ總𣿡
ҡͷˣֻܾ͵ذˡ
ʲô߶ûСŮ¶š
ֻˡüϵ͹߹취ݻһ
ʵҲͷۣϢعӦ֢ȻѧУʱʦҲ̹Ϊʵڹټʦ̵ò棬Ҳò档
ƫƫѶȻͣAʦҲһܹ
٣ԼȻ˽о˵ʵô롣
һŮܳȥˣ̾˿Ůϵ·ǹ⡣
Ȼԥ£ѵԼĸס
ʦԣмߣ߼ϢؾͳõĹߡ
ּԭҲãҲãûֻĿǰٲȡʩŮҪûˡ
ʦ׼УûǿΨϢعӦ֢ǲӱܵġ
֮ȴľͻ֮֡
䣬ոսAʦ
һԵŮһ
Ϊһͨˣʦ˽ⶼޣοַǳټĸѶˡ
µٵһȻ۾
ǣЮϢؽŮΧ
˵һ£ϢعӦ֢ʦֻܶͬΪֻͬԵϢز޺ġ
ǳǳ㻺Ů壬һһ㽫ЩŮֵϢϳȥ
̷ǳѣٶͷðˣϢȴ֮١
Ȼٶȴһܵ¡
һγɹˣЧʻεġ
ϢֶͬʵҪڼнһϣѶȿ֪
ʦԼϢؽڵϢʱЧԵġϢѾ壬ǱʦҲ޿κˡ
ȻʦڵϢͬʱὫϢڶԷڡԣʦҲ޷ȫڵϢء
СʱҲǽŮڵϢ֮һ
˶ͬˮ̳һһԵŮЩŵ̲סʵû°ɣҪҪϢһ᣿
ҡͷУûȫΣա
ŮͷȥŮĺѾٵ˴룬Ҳٳ鴤ȴɷǳ١
ǡʱ֮ǰŮŶˡ
ôˣһ˵ţŮŮװáһԸʦҲǰŮ˼顣
ȼ֮һؿ٣ܼʲô𣿡
һϢ䶳˨𣿡
˴ˡʦһ䶳˨ȡ
ҲȡһС֧š˿ˣʱ䶳ɢ˿
þٿЩ䶳Ů壬ЩϢؽѡĶᡣ
һȽϾϸĹȴɼӿĽ̡
䶳Ϣضᣬٶһӱ졣һΣֻСʱϢض˳
ɵһ̣̲סһѣۿҪϡ
-

412 

ȴʱһֻı۰ס١
̧ͷлл
û˵̲꣬ס¶㵡һԿŮʦҲ¶𾪣˭ģ
һˣ֮ǰ˵Բܽġ
ǹǹø硣ͳԵɤ𣬡ģϢȱߣҲӰ
Ϣȱߣ
νϢȱߣʵûϢصˡˣŵִ͸ݣص˵ˡȻϢȱûġ
ڳ˲¶𾪣һִڷǳټǡԷôƽƽ˵ˣ
Ůλʦͬ飬ȴǡĽ
ز΢۵׻һĨ˼
ȵȣŮͻȻӦָѾָŮǽй
˵ͷ
ҲӦˣȴǵãһ˿ңǲǲ̫ã
֮ǰȻòŵ壬ȻǹԭȻʦⳡҲЩ
ԣȴһĪı鿴
طӦڶǵ
ڶ꣬ڲ̻¶߳ܵġֻϢز˽ܵĶ
ŵ˴ָҪڶ꣬ǻᱻԭȴһˡ
Ϊġˡڶ꼴ҪԵϢضһᱻܾҪ˵ǿˡ
Ƚ·ã緽ʽʹŹˡ
뿪֮ǰҪٵ緽ʽллСķãȽСٺãһϵ㡣
ٽ˾ֵϴϴ˸뿪ˡ
һߣųһԵĹ֪ʱ˹ڵ磬ǲϲǸʦ
ŷ̵һ٣ôô˵
ҿˡסǰûŮԡ
Զ֮˿Աֻ׽ļ֪Ƕ޸С
ʿֶȫûеġ
ҪĻԹҵϵĳɹûϢأҲûŮڣȻȴʼûй˼
˹ǣ˫۾Ư
۾Щ£۾ʲô𣿡
Ƴһۣȴǲ˵ˣתƻȡѵ˰ɣ˵ˣС㶪˵ζΣ
۾ʲôȻ
ô֪ǶԣϢشѰҰµΨһݡ
ںڸµɢʲôζû塣
ϢغţŵŮѵˣ
ںǣǰеǷҪǸ
Ǹһ۱Լĵꡣ
ǸʦʱֻһӰ౻ػһ¡
ָоƽ
ˣȻȤҪǿϵĸȫò
ĶԷΪϢȱߵеִԷķӦƺһ㲻⣿
ԣüҲû뵽һȸоϢй¶
˶٣˵λʦȷʵ˲áʱ컨Ǵӳȥģ·̲Ӧ죬ҵ³ܸҡ
뵽Լһʧֶ̲סһ顣
ز죬ôҲΪġƳһ۵
ʱţðɺðɣҵĴ⣬ȸоȻҲּʦҵʱΪԼҪûˡ
˵һҡ
ҹܵѹֻȫˣճճģκȫ
Сʱûٺ֪ӦԼ񡭡ˣ
üЩͷߵ
Ȼ˿ϵϵˣ常ĸƻٵЩѣȴûҵһܹæġ
ҹģ治鷳ˡ
ԥ£Ǵ˼ͨѶһ˹ϵȷʵѾö˺ȥдۼ˵ĹϵҪһ
˼һˣһû͹ˡ
Ǹ˵ҩȻһ£Ѿʮˣ
ȥҽԺ˼˵ҳĸϣȻ𴲣Լ𣿡
κģɡ
ȵ˳ϣٿʼ䣬˼Ķͷȶȴɷǳˡ
֮ǰ˵ûôͻȻճӣ
ش˼תͷȴѾ˯ȥˡ
-

413 

ڲһƬӡ
ôˣӣ̧ͷʵ
ҳȥ
ֵǣȥ˺ðҲûл˿ڱϵĳʲô£𴲴Ь˳ȥ
ûзʲô򣬹ҵվһǰĹ
վʲôǰʵ
ͷҲûأ͸ſ١
˭
ʣŷӦƺԼʦͽ֡
ôˣʵ
ա˶٣ϢظȾ
νϢظȾһرֵĲ֢κ˺ԵϢؽӴпܸȾաֻǿܣ㹻ĻһӶ
һ˵ϢظȾǻߵľ¡ȷԸϢؽӴᵼϢظȾ֮Ͳ˵ˡ
˵ƺеƺȫе
һ㶣̫ˣ
ǵġǻպϣûϢֱӸָѶȵֳôĺкܴĿˡӣϢظȾ֡
˵ʵЩŭġ
ŭЩٸȾϢأЩ˵Ϣء
Ǽʣ
֪طӦԼЩ档
磬ǲǵʵϾΪҲġ
£
ӦҡͷԼø粻аƽʱͦô˷ˣ
ˮ̲Ʒʲôġ
üҿ԰ҽҩѶˡ
˸ۣǴ̸ǰ˼ң
üǮ
֪ǮỹֻʶİˣһʹֱʣġܶԼø߼Ȱο
Լøʲô߼
ӵˣϲ˻Ǯǰһʱ򻹲رԣǼȱʲôˡ
ȺҵɹԽԽ֮һʰʼ֮á
󵽼ĵϵĴãүү̶ҲԼǮĵط
չһԼǮʲôø;ԼûòȻһ
ֵүүҲԼǮˣҪʲô͸˵
øԼȻƽʱпգһ
Ҳû˭ˡ
鲻ԸصͷУҷϢС
СλרŸ
ʱѾˣ֪ԼͨķնϢظȾˣЩ¡
˼ô£㲻Ǽǰ𣿲ᵽڲŷɣ
ƿţôһ仰Ŀһ񣬽Ųͣ
ҡҡͷǣһ̨˼⣬͵ϢعӦ֢
˼ɴ۾ǻң
ġ̾
˼һ˷ܵʲôʱôţģȻˣ
ҲǵһΡٵҲһѺҺóɹˣԼĲ̨ϣҴһӶӰ
˼ҽһеĴһҲϡ
ôһ˵˼ҲӦˣҲո˴󵨡Ȼô˵Ҳٸûѡ
ЦЦû˵
ʱ߽ġ
һ²ϳʵ̫Ÿôϳ˵ġԼĻԭʶˣƺҲֱ̳ܹϳʶˣͲ˵ˡ

ԽҰĻкܶ˽Ψ㣬Ҳϣسƺҡ
侲·˵ֻǺƽһ仰
Ҳˣ£ŷӦԷƺ
˽ḻ˼ȷӦ̧ͷ˹һЩϧŲԷϢء
ԷĴţƺǸǮˣ
Ҳᡣ
ʱ򣬹ѾڽĶˡ
һһˮԼһͼ۸񲻷Ƶ̲Ʒ˼µ˵ͷ˾ΪŮ˻Ǯ
ȴЩʴӣԷһϢȱߣѵǾϢƽƽ棬ԱȽ׷
ô룬ʵЩء
Ҫ磬׷Ѱ飬Ȼ硭͹˵治ʲôŮˡ
ãѡΪѡ֮µĽ͡
ǲԸĸ飬ȻԷû˵Ҳû취ܾ
-

414 

֪ΪʲôԼ˵ǻ֮ƺһӶԼ䵭ˣ
ЩĪЩί
ƺһӳ˫̲˵˼䣬͸ˡ
ôˣһߣ˼ֵʲôطôͻȻô䵭
ҡҡͷʲôû˵
Ȼ˵Ϣȱߵݣһ˼һͶԷǡܹ֮ǰǳ̹Ȼ˵ˣȴԼܹȥͱ˵¡
Լø˳ȥˣȴͷɥЩֵôˣλСܾˣ
ҡҡͷüͷûС
˶٣ͻȻáˣ
Ǹܾв
һ㶣ѿڶ
һȻ˵˵ʲô
ôһ˵µֳҪ׷ԸͻȻ䵭᲻ǡϢȱߵݣ
ô룬һŮûʲôɣǾԲῼǼ޸һϢȱߵġ
ʱˣȻϸһ룬Լõ˵ƺкܴܣ
һʱ䣬¶ʧ䡣
̾˿͸˵ˣðϢȱߵݶһ¡˵ˣ㵽ǲϢȱߣ˲Լ𣿡
ֻϰô˵ˡ̾˿ô죿
ǾҪԼˡεܵð⿪С
ϢظȾ£ҲᣬҽԺסŵ뿪
ʱ˼ѾźһУһǰˡ
취չһгһصίУҾ֪ͨ
վڷߣ˼
ٵ˵ͷ߰źãһ¾͹ȥ͡
ص֮پͿʼæˡ
ԭǴȸдһӵģ׷ȻСװ޻ǼҾ߹öǳġڽǮϣھϣĶ١
ȻټǰУܶණû취ߵģǾôš
ԺסĿܺܵͣҲŻ
ˣֱˡ
һһĸ֣ȻСʰҲ٣䡢ӡյЩǲȱģвƾԼּҾߡ
룬ٴ㽫ӺͿյᵽȥûǴĻ⹫ǶõļҵѾʮüˣѾ̫ˣֻ˼᲻ûǮµģܽ;ͽ͡
̻⹫Լһ̻˷ˣû
¹ʹ͵̼ңϻػȥպ˵СõװһĴ¹񶼻һ
Ĵ¹ҲŮֻ˲һ꣬µûպøСõá
ĲµķӲ͸ѣи֮ǰ˵Ĳһġ
гĹߺͲ;ߣЩҲˡвͱ߹Ь񡢾ƹЩҲûá
㲻ѷȥĴ㣬׼һȡ
Ҫ֪ȸеķɲͣضκüҾߵȫĵԢˣһǧ⡣
ҡͷ̫鷳ˣֱȥҪǮ
û˵ǣѧͿȸУ֮ǰһֱĥ常ĸѧУһ׷ӡߵ⣬ֻһ䣬Ҫסֻסʹò⡣
ƻ֪ݣСĺҪѲһЩԣ̰ģǽú͸Ȼ
ٵķӿ϶׷ӵ⡣
׷ǸסˣȲ˵ܲҪ⡣˵Ժ󡭡˵ⷿӲ岻׵ؾͱˡ
ԭܿ壬ȴ常ĸˡ
ǶԶŮҲȫ飬ֻǶԴŮֺܵ͵ƽ塣
ԭ׵ʱǿԭõ۰Ƚö١Ȼԭ֮ȴԭδȽö
ԭ׷ӱУ常ĸһռķӣ׷ֻԭĲƲ֮һ常ĸһĬ¡
ٲ¸׼ȷ˵Ժ󲻴ٺйǣܱ⻹Ǳɡ
׼ûж룬ֻǵҸزģҪæ𣿡
Ǹҵķز̣ǸʵʵÿأԿ׼ߵϷأͬѣٵȴΪѺá
ܰƼһ׵ķнͺˡҲû
׼ЦҰɣԿ
ʵϿҲȷʵܿףµʱͰٰ׹Ԣˣɽ۱ʱ򻹸˰ٷ֮ʮ
-

415 

ٴǰеʱ򣬾ʮĹˡ
ٱ㸰ԼȻȴͨѶҪĿ
ԣԥ»ͬˡ
˵װƾɶշѰ
䣬ӵǮΪҪڸмҲͶʮ
ǮȸǲˣоͲ˵ˡٴ㵥ɵĻҪԼ׼һҪĹҩ
סⷿҲһһķӣϾҪҡ
ҿԵĻٲ뽫ҷڼĻȻǷˣԼұǲ̫ϲġ
䡭ٳΪʦ֮סСߴð˴ûŴҪŻݰɶģȥԼҿڼԺӾûˡ
ǵɣ˼ҪŻۼʲôģͲԼҲǸҴɾܾˡ
һʱʿԤ֧ٸ߲
ԼĵصһҲٵʱѾòˡ
ٱЩˣȻȿһĲ͵㣬ͲĬˡ
ĲȻ󣬵ǰڵЩ˵ˣҲԲˡ
һʱ䲻֪ʲôӦ
Ѿһߵ˹ҵĲһơ
ĬĬӹһڣ˵治
֮󣬹ָƼҵļβ͸ɳţӡȻ֪䣬پͳ˲١
ȻζǡЩûƢܿʼ˵𣿡
֪ΪΣǰƺ׷
һɱЦˣȻһſ˹ʮǰем۸ġ
ʵϣԭ򣬵ǱСˡ˵˵ֱʵĸǮöԷкøУС
ĥһ£׻ûһС
ˣҲЩŵ
Ȼ֪ǳֵô࣬նķɣԷʵ㲻ǮҲǿԵġ
ӷɲ潲ΪϢعӦ֢ΣԺͻԣȻԴ˵շѲ͡ͻʦĬûġ
ˣҪҲֻΪ˼˼һ£ȴû뵽ԷȻôʵڡ
ٶԶԷһӺøд¹ܶԷôʵΪɵǮ໹֮ⲻھƣõʵݵԼͲƽ֮ǰԼɽͶ
Ѿ֪ټǰеˣ˵Ժ硣뵽˵Ļһʲô˵̫ͻˡ
ˣĻ£ؿڵҿո·ģҪȥ𣿡
ǵģΪҪȥУٰѳҲˡ
Ҳʲôóʮĳֻ˰꣬ȥҲֵֻˡ
ʶҪܾǹһҪҸչʾһʿȵĻ᲻𣿡
˵̶ֳˣֻЦЦǾ鷳ˡ
ĳһǺó²²ûλӦ򲻵ġ
ȣһĸоΪһֱڰʱͻȻˡ
ƺ׷ЩУ˶٣ʵǽǸϢȱ𣿡
û뵽ͻȻͶôһף±סˡ
Լôش
ýšһֱעı飬״ֻ滰
֪ΪΣ⻰ķˡ
ҲǽǸϢȱߣֻǽ㽫ҵɱѡµĽ͡
ʲô
̥·Ϸһ̶ĦȻٿͣ
û뵽ķӦôʶ´⣬У˿
ɱ𷢷谡
ȴתͷһŵʲôҽ֮µѡ㿴ǻὫ͵𣿡
ٱɵҵϢֻ㡣
˶٣Ӧ÷ˣҵϢܵЩȾ
һֶ˶԰µϢźܴռԷϢ˵ĺۼһˣԸѡƽƽ浫ȴϢأҲԸ⽫Щʮ㵫ȴѾϢء
˵˻٣ʮĸġ
ҡͷһʱЩ֪ô͡
Ŷͷҡ
üͻȻֽ⿪Լͷס
һ㡭ʲô
Ȼһſ׵׾ͳǰʣµĻ˻ȥ
ȻٳڶԷòУͷ˲ԡ
岻֪ʱϤİ궯С֪֫ʱ
-

416 

ٺ֪ؿ㡭˵Ϣȱ
ҡ
֮ǰûܵϢӰ𣿡Ӧ־ģǲ֪ΪʲôȻһ㶼ûнţһΪ档
ȴִ֮ǰ⣺ڣ㻹ҽ֮µѡ𣿡
һ˵ţһ߽ͷ״˻ȥ
Ϣصʧڵʧˣֻ֫Щ
һһȻǡϢأ
ƺ˺ڡ
Ϊƺ߳ԣΪܸܲһص㣿
ֹɺ࣬ϻҪһȻǰȨϢء
νϢأָֻᡰҲֻᱻˡϢءϢرȽټһжһ
ȻȨϢء
͵̧ͷ㲻ڸ˵Цɣ
ǿǴ˵Ϣأ˵ܹµϢس׾Ϣء
Ҫ𣿡ü
֪ΪΣЩа
ʱˣʵôûζ
ûζҵϢˮζ
ˮζ
Ǿѹˡ
뵽˶ԼϢȱߣٲЩߡ
ɣִһˣɶⶼûȴԼܡ
Ҳû˭ˡ
͵סľƵ꣬ûشԼ֮ǰ⣬ҧ³֮ǰѵ㻹ûлش֮ǰ⡣
֮ǰ⣿ʲô⣿
һ㶣֪
ģҲˡЩ˼
Ȼأҧźʵ
Ȼ
ͻأ˶ԷףȻͲɫ졣
˵ʵкܶ࣬ﵽΣ㣬ûһǷƷȻҪ˵һ䣬ǣ˿ѷɫ
ַɽѩһİȻ͸֮ɣɾ͸ַһ㣬ǿ֮С
ҵǣᴩŸôҲᱻ
ȥ֮㱣𣿡ڵ
ɡЩȵ
۵һ͸ŨŨЦ⡣
ȴЩϧ뿴Цʲôģġ
ֱٵӰʧھƵţſ뿪
ٵļƻǴͳǰеġȻû뵽ǣ뿪֮ǰ常ĸȴǴƻˣͨѶȥԷ
ûоܾɣӦˡ
ڵСȸеĵضλ㲻סס˵฻ԣҲв׼
Ϊ⳵ģСſھ³ˡȻԱؾһЩˡ
ҿȽ飬Ҫ˵Ѻãǻ˵ϡ
СһǴĿ棬ϢѰֱĸӣֱԶȳ˳ɫѧУ˲ŻȻͬŮӵһǶδ
ҲˣҶ̬ԶԶ㲻⡣
ǸоһҪҾȼõͻȻΪ˶ֻǮˣܳĳף˾
òӦЩˣңŽž
æڻ
Թûɵġ
֮ǰ常ĸƻȥУͷҪǮȴԻǷծΪûһǮ
ҲŵһߵЬϣȻֽˮ̷ŵһߡ
ĸӳͿһĻжʱܼˡ
Լʲô
˵ŮĸֻˣŮƣǲ⵱ңѼ˵ݣȫ
ε£Ůˡ
ٵЦ·Ͽ˾˳һЩ
ȵ˿ע⵽ɳϸĬƻ£òԵѯʵȥ˳𣿡
ƻûпڣ˸۵˳ʲôúõõ廨ϢأڵãζǱζˣһɫûУͨĺϳζ
ٶԴȴ⣬ѾˣѶȱ͸ߡ֮ϢصζֻҪǳžɹˣƻϢػζһλʦ
ʲôһ߷ߵһʮвòǱߵҽԺǣߴʮԺô
һ˵ţȴǲɿԼĶ㡣
ŶһТ˳׬ֶ࣬Ӵծ񡭡
ٵȻС˼ˣȴûп
ϵǣƻڵģʮһԼġ
常鷿պ˴ŮĻ̾˿ʲôû˵
-

417 

Էʱ򣬷ϴ඼ƻϲԵĲˣм常ĸΪԭϲԵĲˡ
֮Իԭġ
常ĸһֱи̫õϰߣϲѶŮϲԵĲ˶˵Էǰ
ƻϲ㣬Ǿͻ˵ƻǰϲǴŹǣǾϲǴŹǷŵǰ
ԭΪһֱܳĬֻԼǰļز˺常ĸĬֻϲػϲˡ
ԭһЩǿˣʵֱ˵Լϲʲôˣǲ˵
ڵȸĸʣҪʲôʱ뵽һϲʲô
Ȼһȣȴǵûеȵ
ٲԭһ㶼ûίԼĴ㡣
ˣּƻǰĸɹţܣǰĹ⣬ҲûзŹ常ĸǰѼҡ
һεûע⣬常ĸͷķˡ
Ǹˣһֱ𣿡常ѵÿЦ
ٿһ۵һֱ⡣Լ߲˶ϲԣԭʵǸͷβʳ
Уȥ£̸ռֻҪܳ뷹
ǺͺѾۻᣬԭҲӲԼʳжӡ
ҲֻڼҲŻôزˡ
ȻˣΪԲֵʣ常ĸ˵Բôݡ
ԣϳ֮˶ˡ
ĸЩ˵ʲôȴʲôû˵常ı鶼ǽӲģضǰһˡ
һͣ٣˿˵ûгԺá
ԹһӰŰѲʰˡĸкõˮƴ̷ŵ輸ϣٵʱ䲻ˣڼסһϣֱӴȥҰɡ
ˡâڵҶȥеķ̫ԶˣһǻؾƵɡ
ûж룬ֻǺһ
㶩˾Ƶꣿ常üĹԢҲ̫Զ̫˷Ǯˡ
ȴǴûѻ˵ǣҰѷˡԺȥзչҲûá
㡭ʲô˼ĸ͵תͷҪȥУԺ󲻻ȸˣ
ƻҲһؿ˹
ٵ˵ͷɫҸտAʦʸ֤ȸѾˡ
˵ȥAʦ𣿲˵Ҫȸе
常ĸ˺ܴ˵ʡ
ʱŮ˵ʱж಻ΪˡAʦʸ֤ѿǲŮΪˡ
ĸͷˮƴϲǩԼзӿʵôѷӸˣԺסȥͦ𣿡
ĻżˣֱԼ񡭡ҪʧȥŮˡ
ٵȴģǮȥ֮ѺԺĻٿԼĹҡ
ˣ常ĸˡ
ŮʲôʱŮǲǲٻˡȻ侲ǵףȴһ仰˵ˡ
뿪ٷһ޴İ˶
ϣ˼ͨѶʹ˹
ʲôʱܵ
һôʲô𣿡
˼ЩץһҪ
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ˡ˼̾˿ǸֵģͬдһֱҪΪҪ̫ߣһֱûʦԸ֡
ʲôҪ󣿡ʵ
ֱָЧ
ֱָЧ
һ㶣漴㵵ָԷָ֮Ϣرָζ
ԡ˼˵AʦSʦҽ
ϢֶֻǸһĹʵôһ¡ΪϢǻģ临ԺԶԶѰ㡣
˭Ҳұ֤ԼЧضĳһ֡
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ҲȫƲȻˣǡ˼аգҾһκûᣬһܹվȽŸĺûᡣ
ü̫ðˣһʧܡ˵˵ôɡ
˼һСŮʱϢرȾġԭˮζжʮϢصζԭϢζǹˡҪϢرԭˮζЩûϵһҪƭСŮ
ʲôԵ𡣡ʵ
˼СŮĸزѾԺüˣȻǰЦһŮ˵ϲˮңֻҪŵˮҵζͻá
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418 

˼˵СŮ˾財ΪԼϢزˮζˣ
ֹ˼СŮ˶¼ŻϢرȾܵ˾ţĸͻȻԣ⣬Ա֢״ҽ˵ˣָܹϢأܹԴΪԼ硣
ٳĬãȻûаա
ԷܹṩȨϢأ˼ʵ
ʲôһһӦѵǹģ
ȴ˼˼ϴģޣ֧Źһ͵Щǿ
˶٣Ļа𣿡
ҿСŮ˵ɡգ
˼Ȼû顣
ٲŵУûü˼еĿ˾Ѿڷˡ
ʧˣԭҵͻӵѾǳãϸҽѾ˲Σ֪ͨͻ˯ʧȥǲ֮ǰСӣϢػָװͦ¶ɬҲʧȥӵͬʱʧȥŮ
ԷУٵûôֻǵȴȥɡ
ҽзҵŮзӣ·ϣҽܵ
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ȵ˵طΪʲô˼Ըλˡ
Ϊκ÷ӣܸǴټΪŽ̻Ի͵Ĵͺլ֪ˣҲͨ˼ҡ
ܸ˼ҽãδֻҪ鷸ƣһһ˳
ӣһǳСŮˣȴֻӡ
Сɫ԰ףﱧһֻżôĸ׵Ĳǰһؾͷһ
Ů۵׻һĨˣǰСĵؽ⿪ͷףϢصɢ
һɼΪӵϢ˱ӣٵɫһѿ
ǻ˶Ϣأһţŵ˺ζľζζԼζÿһֶֹһ
ʮ֡ɫѿЩ˶޻쵰
ˣ
֪е飬ֻʵȨϢҿһ𣿡
˵ͷԵȡ
˵ţ뿪һᣬһԴԹܡ
ٽԹϵ̣üôȨϢأֻһϢأҡ
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֪ȴ׼ʼǰһСӣȥϴһϢأȽϢһ
ȻûϴϢأ
һɣĻûȫİա
ֱ˵мְհɡ
߷֡ٿڵ
˿ɱԼԤƵҪöˡ
УǾһ԰ɡҲûиõѡˡ
ȥʱȥ˼ķӺһס
ȻͺʵңӦò벻һõʦɣ˵SAӦûİɡ
ǵȻԭġ˼ȨϢֶȻܶʦҪһ£ⶫĲմ㿴Ϣص־֪ˣͲ׿Ƶ⡣ʦʧȲ˵ǽôİȨϢ˷ˡҵҲⲻ𡣡
һ㻹ҽӣ
㲻һ˼Ҳв֪ܲκεߺ͸һֱϢϲϢصʦָ
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˶٣ЩɵԼ˵ǿпܿܣSʦܵġ
ٵ۾ܣ
ô˵ҲгȻ
˼Ҳ˽֮žΪŮġ
С١ܾãԺܳΪSʦ
˵ǲеˣð
ü˵ЩеûģûҽҴǷݰȨϢظ˷ˡô⣿
İɡ˼ҵȻǵˣԵʱǻǩһݺԼֻҪðȨϢЧˣܶ٣׷Ρ
һ
ԭкٹ˲סķӣͿʼͣΪ׼
Һ÷ԼкϸңҪæĸࡣ
ˣҲÿʼ˼һҪõϢء
еϢԴԶȸж࣬ټʶԭûмϢأȻǺ£Ҳ˳ٳûж
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419 Ļ

ֱ󣬷֪ͨ˵ٵˣӣȥҽԺϴϢء
ڸĿǣҲȥˡ
˵ʵȻ֪ҽԺܹϴϢأԭֻǶŶû
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ϣﲢû⣬Цþò
һþò
˶٣ŶԷϵİ״ӵҽ
˵ͷҡͷоԱպ¹
оԱ
ϸĻҽеģ뵽ĺҽԺйҲֻĿˡ
ҽеһ˵˷ҵİӡ
תͷƺͷʶ
ͷҼҴǷݰȨϢصǹҵġ
¶⣬ǰḶֻ́˷ҡ
ŮģЩȡ
ͷҲһλ̵Ϣһ㡣
ȨϢءѪŴ𣿡ɻ
ǵȻϢضѪŴġҵϢؾǴĸǶѪŴġ
˶٣ֵеļͷ͵ϢŴ򣬶ΪǼʮSʦҲдЩ塣
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ΪڲȨԽµĻΪŴأ
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ϢأҿѪУǡ괫У
Ҳ֪ôݡɵ֮Ϣصˣǿ󡣶Sʦû޷ġ
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ټֱ֪޲ԣԱϡŹֵĶУֻ
֪УһܹԼϢתκϢصģֻҪǶԷӴģһܣܹϢʵ廯ܶǱȽģ֮⣬ܹ͸ӵģֱȽʺҽܹѪҺģܹܵʱͣģܹٿ˵ģܹݱģǲٿʬġ
ҪסʦһӵܣӵܵҲһʦ
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ȻҽԺϤûʲôͰٴطˡ
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⿴ȥϵǣӦݵĹͷƺûκν
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ϴҳʱΪҩӰ졪ֻǱҲ˶Щѡ
ôȻȻסһҩҺΪ¶ȹϵŻܣİɣӺͺˡ
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ϴЧ֮С̾˿ûиҲûи
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ɡٵһȥһ
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ûˣָؿϵİ״ӡ
ֱӵİ״ӣЦ߰ɣ
ʧЦðɡ
ԷĵطǹģһҷǳİǿŸ֡ڲõ͸ʣ԰ȫ֡
㳢ţڵķȣţţҲ̲ˣʮûб˿Ҳʮûг塣
˵ʵٱû̫ȤôһܣȴһȤ
֮۾΢֭ʲô
ǺʸЦٳʲô
-

420 

߳ЩɻתͷҷԳʳܶ
ΪǰںܶͷЦ˵Уյķ꣬һ
ЩȣΪӦǸӵܣ
ϧءЦҸĸ׵ʱ͹ˣҸСүү̴ģû֮ǰӹҲܼѡ
һ㶣ĸĸҲ
ͷССҰͬһУҸСǵıµҴġ
ٲ˵ˣͻȻʶԼЩͻˡ
ȴЦû£Ǻܾǰˡ˵ҲʵϾ·ʱ꣬ڸĸȻЩлҪ˵ģҲǽˡ
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֪ΪΣһӱůˣ¶һǳЦ
ڶ磬ҵĳ׼ʱ˼˳
Ҹӣ׼׶Σһ׶ǾðȨϢڵϢأڶ׶ǶϢؽеܻԭʼ֮ǰٶŷܵ
˵ͷˡ
һƵ˳֪ʲôоٶԣûиоȨϢжôԿơ
ΨһʧǣȨϢصĻԱԤϵĵһЩֻӣ֮Ϣظȥ
ڶԴˣȥĶһЩζζζŨϢء
˴˿̣ʵѾɹˣӣϢѾ¶˱ҵˮмŵľ͹㣬ζǺš
õķǻаȨϢأ֮ҶϢؽеһſϽϢݣһ߶Է
Ц鷳ϢصɡȨϢѾûԸҵҲ޴򡣡
ԣеıһ٣漴µõģҪˣҲҪϢһ¡
⣬֮顣ǰٹࡣ
С̫ˣһң˼˷ܵرס١֮ô⣬ȫٿذȨϢأû˿˷ѣҲ㹻еʦһϯ֮ˡ
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ڴϣ˹ĻܹԴϢصĽûϢصˣ¾ǿҲһġ
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Ǯʲô˼ЩĽ֪ʦǿʵ˵ģֻҪʵǾԴԴϵ롣
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һӰɣܵðҲóд㡣
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еС̷򣬿ҲͶʮӵʱ䡣
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421 

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ΰѼ䣬ٸо˽ϤϢһ㶼ûнţֱӿڶԷУԺ
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ԭЦȰ·ʱ򿴵ϴƬ࣬ɫʱˣô£
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422 

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˯ˣֽ⿪ףʼԼϢȥٵϢأһһ㸧ο塣˵Ϣزһǳڿг⣬ٵüȴԽԽչ
ͷһǣΡ
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423 κ

ҳСѾǶˡ
Ϣȷ֤ˣü䡣
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һӻðɣκǰ϶ҪѶԷͷˡ
û죬־ţҪȥֽϢؼ⡣
ûܾǰһмͬ𣿡
ŮҲЩΣȻ˵ʵҶϢؼô£ǰͬӵŮ
Ȼԡæ
ǵֵʱѾв˹ˡ
治ʲôϢأӵеһץһѡ
һѵͬµ˲˰СʱĶӲϡ
ҵʱһ۱㿴˸һ㴰ŵκ衣
Ȼ⣬ʵκȷϡ
С㣬סһԵŮص
ܹоκ۾ˣһ˲˲ؿ˹
ֻöģȴòָʾ⿪Լס
ոɢһ˲䣬κ͵һϲ
һ˲䣬Щεġ
һŮ첻ɽĿ䵽˹ϣǰסٵҽһ£ٵѣǶѾʼͬӣҲѾʼ߻ˡ
μˣκȴûһ˰˲ϣв߶ţҹȥҹȥ
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424 

̣׻ûסұ죬ң
κһϳּãȻȻ٣һСֺõ֮ǰҲãҶС
۹۱Ǳǹġ
ĹָʾӦУһ˫ĹϵΪκ˵û
ȻǸ
ôΥģҲ˼ǰñ
ȴըˣλʲô˼
ǸκϢأһֱҲϢأġŮһ
һأҪΣҪң߻һϢй¶¼ΪϢأͿ
ǡΨһоЩεģȻΪϢأܹһֵġԭôصУ㲻ҲһΣĻʮΡ
˶٣Ÿʮ꣬ʮҲʮꡣ
أЦӦ֪Ҹʲôϵɣ
£λɫ
Ǹκʱδ꣬ǲ죬ԼҲѾʡˣҲûܵʲôص˺㿴ǲǡˣоҪŮࡣ
ûвص˺ЦȡһоƬݹȥǻûжʲôص˺Ļ޻˵
ǰ˵ķ֮ͽƵ˳
ԭΪӵĹϵ԰ȫʵӣؽһϵͳϰʱͿţ°ٹϣȴ˹ϵͳҲˣɱḺ́ϵͳһ˿©
ԭǴ㽫Ƶٵģԭϲһۼʹ
ȴû뵽ʱó
λ첻ԣǹҲûŪ«ʲôҩ
ٽȥоƬǿֱӲõģֱӱڼҿ
Ϊϵͳ۸߰ĳƵǳ
Ƶ߽ˮ컹ĪȵźһԡˮȡһǾʶҪʲôˡ
Ϸ׷¶֣Ҳľŭֲۣץס٣òС
κ裬ΪԶϲŵݣʱһãȻ
ܿ죬ƵеϻһȻͽַˮС
գ۵Ĺԭ峺ˮͱɺɫȡ
ʱһһţŻԡԽԽ޵ĺɫٿ𽥱ϵ۾
첻ɿ٣ֱȷǻŵģٴνĿ䵽Ƶϡ
ƵеѾˣֹͬһ㣬˲֪ã۽ë΢۾
ٵͻȻ˫۾֪ΪΣͿ·зһ̻ҫۡ
ˣƵȴǽˡ
Ȼעȴ½ʾʱϣǸʱ䣬պκ֮صҵʱ䡣
аòѰ㿴ҿ㣬һʱȴû˿ˡ
ٺ͹ߣصҵŮûסκһۣȻ˵ô죿
û취ٿǸκһˡһŮ
оҲ˵ԭ¾Ͳùܣ֪ΪκɱƵеļƣǿɾװģӦ˵ܹ۾ѾǸˡ
ɱͱʿǲԶˡ
ȲܣϱȥɡڵιҪͥˡ
ûϵǸƵڣӰ죬κҪԸҲѡŮһ
һֱصңٵ־ûɿ
صһϣȲٵĴͬǴ޵ϧԼ޷εĺ¡
޷û۾һҪڻߣ
Ҳ֪飬˷ǳϵڽűסĲ
ֵͨѶǵڶģӵģٵҪ׼˾ˡ
ȻԤϣٻ̲סüͷ
ǸоһֻӬӦ˼㡣
û뵽ǣǴӾֳƬȻĵ˳ȥ
磬پͽӵһͨѶ
֣ʲô𣿡Դ֮󣬸ҵϵˣΨеļμ棬Ҳٻϼҵʱ
᲻겻ڵģЩֶԷô绰
ңΪԱĹϵǰһĸȴ常
һִһߴ常ѹűɤڶ𣺡˵ġģ
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425 

˵ʵһʱû˼
ǹ常Ļ㿪ѯ
ûãɫؽݵǰǸŵı⡪
κϢŮԾ˭
УڵǰŮƬˡ
˻ж⣬常ͬ
ֻҪԲһ¾֪κԭȸзģ֪һ㣬ȥǷ˭˾ͲѲˡ
ٺܿһ㣬常ܹµõȸЩʶˣЩýߣ÷̫󹦷ܲ鵽ࡣ
һ뵽ԼܻΪˡٵüͷ
常þٵĻظ̲סô˵
üϣ˵ʲô
常һȻˡ
ϣŮ˵ʲô
ϣŮ˵ǵģǼٵġ
ǿ𣿲ܵġ
һʱ䣬常̲סס۾
ʵһرԵˣΪһףԼҪ󲢲ߣҲࡣ
ҪһҪͷأҲһּҳΪ˺ӵĽѧԴߣҪкõĶӵļҳҲҳһΪƴַǳ麢ӵļҳļںٻ麢ϡ
Ȼȴ˵һðְ֡
ΨһϣľԼĺܹƽǣ÷ǳǮֻҪӹȥСһˣһļͥǾ͸ˡ
ԣΪӴŮСŮСʱͿʼһѧ
ʮһգ衣
ʵƻ£ŭᵣǣڴˡ
ϾǶˣʱǷ޾Ϊ˸ĸΡ
ȻµǶŮ
ӲǹİȫûΪݻŮ
ôµ飬ʱȴ뵽ŮҲ¡
˵ʲô
ⲻ˵ѾˣǸĸûκΡ
һ¡ǵ뵱ȻǶôĴ
Ϣƽƽ棬ŮҲǾ԰ȫġ
ȥûг£ǵ뷨ȷģǡֻΪˡ
ǣ뵱ȻؽŮһ˷һΣմԴԵĻ֮С
ʲô
ο뵽Ů֮䵭Įĸ飬ľ̲ס
ϣʲô¶¶Աȡ
常ʲôû˵
˵Ҹ㣬ɺãȻŮƽȴһ仰˵
˵͹ҵͨѶĸ죬˵ʲôȴѾӿ
һԵƻ֮ҲĬ
ƻвģΪöһҲأҲģ֮ǰϢܵȾȻڸĸǮˣûзͨѶѯʹ
ҲвģΪһ㶼۰ã֮ǰ㻨ǮôֺԣԷôϸǮ
Ȼʱ˿̣Щȴһ仰˵ˡ
Ϊãǲ֪ٱĸӣ֪ԼǸĸƫĵĶ
ǲܵġ
ΪƫĵĶǴⲻٵ飬˽Ժ
Ҳ˽ΪһȵĴڡ
ȻǱôϣѣҲιѡ
һߣٵҲûкõȥ
Ϊں£һһ߰ο£أһ˶˵л
˶ڷΪǺ£Ƭ֮ȴ÷ɱˡ
ɱǸκ裬ɱǸߣ
һ漴ЩʧЦЦ֮ȴǴüЦģǼ㲻ҲһƤ
ԺĴƱڶ͵ˣҸ׵ʦѾźʦˡ
ǳ¼ᣬвбǿʦˡָԵӵ
¼Ǹźܺˣһڣһĸоûˡ
С㣬˵һ¶ⳡ˾κѣϣһΣߡϣֱȥ
һ㶣漴ȴ۾ˡ
ϣһΡǹһĨЦ⣬ҲϣҲҪΪṩ˿Ϣϵ
ǳ¼Ҳ£ЩΪˡ
һ㶼ΪѡȴǿڵϢӵ֮ԻڵòϢصΪȱʧϢرףǼˣҲǶ𣿡
˼ǡ¼һš
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426 

ԴֻҪԶӲȥκҲΪûҵϢؾȥɣ
Ȼʹ죬ǲ̫ܡ¼ҡҡͷܵϢӰİһ˵壬ѡ̵ķ
𣿡ٵĿЩϢй¶¼еܺߣԸκõ𣿡
¼ĬƬ̣Ȼ޷ı
Ƶܺѵ𣿵ķΪϢб
ܺ߶Ըκϳأ˶٣ó֮ǰоƬݹȥ
˻κпԭΨ٣޷ԶԷ˵ԭ¶ֵġ
ϾֻѾΪκɱˡ
˵ԭɱԭȫκ貢ƽɣѹյһݡ
˵һҵϢй¶¼
ٶԣ޿ˡ
ۼ¼ٴҡͷҪڣһԵĹǰȨϢغϢصӵأ
ԣֹ¼ˣҲˡ
Ȼû˵֪ԼϢԭġ
ȨϢغϢأ߻˵ǰϡϢأѾûгֹˡ
ңҪǣȨϢ԰ֻǾԷϵϢأǶˣֱӵ˵ϢΪԼõġ
˵һҲΣյϢء
Ǵһӵġ
ô˵ˣ
ôܣ¼һţ㲻Ϣȱ𣿡
ˣҲĿŵҪλ
ϾλҲǿнĴãλǸܸܵģҪǱϣû˸˲
ȻϢȱߡٴôΪġôУⷽûϿԡ
ΪҵϢˮζ˶٣ֲһϢء
ҲΪʲôһֱԼϢغõĹϵ
¼Ѿ״סˡ
ʵĻܴﵽٵҪ𣿡
ܣȻܣ¼ᷴӦһ˷ܵνϢظһĲֵԱȣһȷѡ񡣡
ȻҪϢأǱضҲҪذȨϢˡ
ȨϢض԰µռ֪ġ
ˣٴӦ޸κȻ㲻ˣڶṩϢءͬԲ
Ȳ˵ȨϢرϢٱֻκз¼Ϲֺòˡ
¼֮ٱסκʵûйϵ𣿡
һ漴׹˼ЦԴûϵûӰˡ
֮ƺͻȻ£ٹڹҵĹ¡
İȨϢʵֻһ֧Ѫ֧ѪչֻǺΪֱʻŮޣ֧Ѫûչˡ
Ҫҵ游˵游ѦҲǹѪûаȨϢأȴԴ˼ΪȤպüϴȨϢعоˣڳͳΪоȨϢصרҡ
Ȼû뵽ǣ游оȴ֣ȨϢϢصԴͷ
ʲô˼ˡ
˼ǣ֮ԻӵϢֶΪҵ棬һӵаȨϢصˡ
⡭ôܣһ㵡
飬ֻдܹɣ
ѵ᣿
Ȼпܡ̾˿ȨϢرӵ³ɵҪǡİȨϢӵ߸޷ȫƿԼϢأ˵ҪϢشȥ˵ϢرԸ
˶٣ϢأһЩĴڲ𣿡
Ȼأɻʵ
̾˿ҲˣǰȨϢкܶ಻ĵطףΪѪӵԵʡ
游Ӧˣ̱ԼĿгɹȻ̫ˣкۼġ֪Լоѱˡ
ѦǻỹλȨأȻ˶βķʽڶΧ׷½£үү̻ǴҸ׺СӳС
βһɻ
˵ͷ游ĸΪڶĿˡ
ˣҸĸСĸĸڱݺˣүү̲òٴδҸС
˶٣õºڵԭһҸչصСΪ̵ϢϢأڳֳ취ҸСΪҸСѾˡѦûкˣЩĿȻҲתˡ
-

427 ת

ٵĶˣô˵һݱ¶ЩҶţ
ȴЦˣİɣˡ
۾Цұҵʮ꣬ôΪһûнҽ?
һȣΪ֮ǰǴһӵġ
û뵽ܿһ֮ûǣҲֻһ㡣
˶ٵ֮ǰֻǾûǸҪ鷳
֮һʱ乫Ϳʼúæüоæ
һʼ⣬ý߶κ¼ͻȻóĬ
û뵽ǣû֪ͨǰ£常ĸȻμӿͥˡ
Ǹ˲䣬˵ʵµġ
ǡĸЩ޴ؿԼŮǿǲģ
常ҲŵκǸˡ֪ԼҲﲻæǲǲġ
ǣϵǣƻҲˡ
ٵüͷһ˵ʵ常ĸμӿͥ
ڷͥϣԭɱƵƱػᲥţʱ򡭡֪常ĸǷܵˡ
Ըĸƫģ˵ǶԭҲһ۰ûеġ
ô˵Ҳԭˡ
ǵĸһԴҪԶǣҲûĴ
ȻһУȴһ仰˵
˱ۣˣԭ뿪һĻǿɡ
ͥĳԤϵĲ࣬˫ʦȸԳ
ڼ䣬ٴһκǱߵļϯǱŵӦĸĸֽ㣬˵鲻˿ţ·ѾĽҲû˿
ͷ·𡭡֪ԼĶӣܵܣôɥĲ顣
Żǣ˿ٵĿ⻹żޡ
ƲĿ⣬۲Ϊ
ʱͷϷˡ
¼򷨹ٳռõĹǴϢй¶¼ܺϳ͵ǩ飬Լһݴ˵ԸƵ
ʱ򣬼λԼκ˵ɫѾÿˡ
Ȼ󣬳¼óṩоƬ
ǰٻŸӵͷ常ĸһۡ
֮ûлͷ
ͥУĻϵԭԼ˶һ
常ĸסԼֹͣԼгƻҲˣɴ۾һš
Ƶһһ㲥ţĻһԡˮɫԽԽޣͥԽԽ
ֱĻлԵ˲ΡΡ۾˲Ųһ
ţ¼򷨹֤ʵ˹ݡ
ˣⳡ˾ĽʵѾ޿ˡ
ǷԼ˵оʱϵıҲǳʡ
ȥκϲŵı飬ǣŹ߳˷ͥ
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֪ڿ϶һں޺ʹ࣬ǣûбҪӦչָԭǸġ
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Ȼûо˵еġ¡ָʲôڳ˶
ٳĳﳤȥĸ̲סʧʹҵŮҵŮ
ؿڣ˶ˡ
ƻŻˣæǰס
常ֲ̧˲۽ǵˮǡȥɡ
ƻһ㶣ȥοһС٣
常Цҡҡͷȥοˡ
ȥɡʱĸҲѾƺʵСٲ뿴ǣǻȥɡ
ͻȥ֮ʹٴγţץסüҪȥģ
ȥһϢЭᡣĪ͵ҵøϽȥϢصǼǣҲýΪҵİ½еǼǣȻõϢЭıӻûа취֪鱨ˡ
ڶ꣬бϢЭӴȨĹٷ֯ˡ
ԣЩɿ·
˲Ծͷһ£ȻҺܿͻ
˺ܾãٶվԭûж
ã̾һ
ңϴ˸裬Щԥؽ⿪ϵĸžеԼʼ
֪ʱŨڣٱ۾һ̣ԽԽŨȻͻأģζʼ𽥱䵭ֱʧ٣µ޵Ŀζ
ǹͻᷢϢزûʧǡתһ״̬
ǿϧٵһµֵġ
䣬ٴγ֣һεζ֮ǰ˱仯ȴǶ˼ֲľеȻ
ֱߣ֪ʱһС
-

428 ̬

ȨϢصҲһ
ذĸȻһϣȴˡ
˭
ʮʹ״ѧҵͬõо볡ȯ֮оϢϴ֮ԼоһδθĽϢϴоϢƼϢزƷ²ҵ鲼ҸߴǧڡڷҲȻΪǵмֵѧҵĴڡ
Ψһ覴þһϢȱߡ
ǾڸոգΪ˰ȨϢصӵߣĹѪ
ϴ̫Ӵ벻ۺ춼ѣǣû˸֡
һԴǰһɥĲ顪ҪܹͨեȡһʲƵǮƣȻȴΪϢعӦ֢һߡ
ʱŽȥûЩˣȻǾŸȴⱻһͳ֮СɺϵǣһͳУǾˣ˶ˡ
⡢ɺϡ
ʱôΪģû˾¸йϵö˶˵ǲ۶ж񱨡
Ȼ֪ǰȨϢأû˻ôˡ
ȨϢ֪İԵǿ󵽼ܹһԲٿسǧˡ
ܹٿؾŸ˵ġ
ˣ˭ҵ
ٲ֪ķṦΰӵһԤϵͨѶ
ҪǮſϷŹǼ裿ŽͨѶŮ˴
һ㶣üʵǣ
衭ѵָκ裿
ȻŮ˲ƴֵκĸףֻҪΪṩϢأҿԸһǧԸǩµ飬ڴڸĳɶʮ꣬ҿԸǧ򡣡
ٵĿһһ
˵κĸҸ㣬ɱʨӴ󿪿ڣȻĻҾ͸߹ͷֺá
ЦһԥͨѶԷ˺
뵽κ輴õĴЦ
ҺãԼ֮ǰ¶˰ȨϢأ򡭡治ıԷϢˡ
ܿͻˣʱһϢʹȫ
һȣǰ˵Ū𣿡
ϢЭġЦЦ㲻һֱܸȤ𣿡
ЦЦֹסĲ°ףǳĲĿһһѾŲٵҶȥ
һ漴СŮһЦһЦһߴյĶߣϸһһ£ǵù͡
һҹ´֮ȷѾû˹Լűԣӵ˼绰ٱȥ˹ҡ
ĹѾᵽĵһд¥УȻֻռ˰㣬ΪһֻһʦĹңȹģѾ´ˡ
Ϊϵٻڹи˼һ칫ңƽȻһֱܣйҪᵽ
ٵʱ˼ûðɣһ߶һ߸Լˮ
һ͸Լˮ˼ϰˣʶ˶֪˵ΪΪˮܹŶð߼ȷʵЩˣ˼һֱŲɣ֮һִУұ˱ܡ
˭ǵˣһ⡣
㿴֪ˡ˼ýһ뵥ҵǰ
һһʱüͷ
һ뵥ݽ뵥ǹҵձ̡
֮ڶݵݵķݡ
ôǶȾĲҶҪָԭϢʲôмݣ⼸ôϢ֢һѾˣ
Ϣ֢ǵʱûеõʱΣ淢չڣ޿ˡ
ʹðȨϢء
𣿡˼ŭЩǳŹİȨϢġ
֮ǰԹϲˣȻܺܶ˾ֻϢأȻϢȱߣȴҵгɣ䲻
˼ȴô룬ԼϳԿˡǼСΪSʦ乫ֱһʻţϡ
ڲһˣԴ֪ǰȨϢ֮˼̬˸һٰʮȴת䡣
ٵǷǳƽЩƵɣתһҲðϢ
֮ǰ˼һֱ⻰ȴ̲סһ㶣ûϵǶܾˣЩ˵Ļ϶ܺ
ҡͷЩ
˼ɣЦЦҿȥSʦʸ֤ˡ
-

429 ԯ

˵ģ˼͵վ´ײҲ˲ۣһ𾪵ץסٵ֡
ٿЦ㿴ʲôʱ򿪹Ц
Ǿˣ˼͵ܣʲô
ЦϢرͨϢء߽ͨϢظıϢء
Ͳ˵ˡ
ܡǵһ˼һ㶣ֺܿ˷ʲôأ
ֻҪܣܳΪSʦʱǶշѾܷһ
ٺЦ
˼ܿ侲Уˣ̾ͰãԺǴȨϢҶߡ
ٻصҵʱѾˣСҲڡ
ſڷĸƷɷ
ϴЦ⣬ˣҸʲô¿CҿںҰɫϵˡAҵBB˪㲻˵Ұ¿ˡеҲˣ쵰⣬˵ܻӭͶһҲܺ죬Ҹһ
ϤĽࡣ
²ۣȴһĵرס˹յձһڣװá
۵׵ЦһŨ˿
ðɣҲⷽһҪ˺壬Ҳ͹ȥˡ
ôһѶԼʣòĿˡ
ˣڼ뿪ǰС֪뵽ʲôͻȻͷЩԥһλŮʿš
Ůģ
ٵĿ̿˹
Ŀһ˲絶һСϣţǸ˵Щ߰˲㱨𣿡
СӵλŮʿԼԯ
ԯ
ɫһȴ˼ʲôӵģ
СһۣСӦǿʮͣεϴһЩֵ׹һɫαʯǳƯ
Щӣ̾˿緽ʽ𣿡
ˡСæ
Լһ£
СһߣپʵλԯŮʿ˭
ûв´ӦҵС̡
С̣һ㶣û뵽ȻĴ𰸡
˵ͷǵģĸԯѦѣԯҰǲСæҸĸ֮ԯܵǣүү̸ϹȥԯѾ˴𡣺⹫ź;˾˵ʬ屻̧˳ȴʼղС̡Щ꣬һֱûзѰҶԷ
üȻˣԷ֮ǰһֱûг𣬵ȵϢعȴˣǲǡ
֪ԴȲ˵Էð䣬ģԷҲһ⡣ϾףԯܵǼҵǣŻֻԷĻԹҲ֡
ٱҲûж˵
ں棬ڶ죬Ҳȥˡ
оʮӣСʹһεŮʿ˽
֮ǰԤϹλԯŮʿֵĿģȴû뵽Էһ˵⡣
һæԯҺ͹ҵĶԹ㵽ΪֹԷɴ
ٻǹסˡ
С̣Щɵ
ӵĳƺԯܰ鸴Ӽˡ˵Щ겻֣Ҳǲ֡
ԯΪҶȻԷΪ֮ԯֻ޹ǣ
䣬ԼҽǹҵĶϱһǽĶӡ
ԹкޣȻô죿
ܰԹ޷йĹϻܰԹ޷йǸ׵ĹŮϣ
Ȼ޷ǻԶ롣
ϾҲ۰һȥ۰
ֻҪ뵽ڴеĸĸ͵ܵܡ
֮ţˣҲͶ·
֮ǰȷܰﵽһȨϢӵȴضܰﵽ
ԯܰ򴽿ڵҵѾʧٶʮˣϣܰҵ
ѣ
ٶһۣȻȷԷǳԸʧ߶ԷѾܺˣ
ܣԯܰҡͷʧǰѾ飬Ѿĺ˻ɴգʱ˵ҪϼҾٰġ
ҲһţǱǱץߵġ
һ仰Ȼԯܰѵٲһ֪ġ
ȴ˼ûмǴĻԭǸʧٵľ˾ˣƺͽԣ
ڵǿԵĻ֪ܰĶ𣿡
-

430 ն

ԯܰĬƬ̣ȻԾ˷Ϣء
ϢأԼǱϢʹȫûǴĻϢһܹϢصϢء
ϢҲһƽϢأϢػҪټ
˼ǣ˱˶ϵģʵ
ԯܰ˵ͷۿҲǺ֪ԾѷϢڹϡǴԶɱʱǸϢͻȻҲˡǵʱֻŸˣ׹µʱѾ˶ˡ
ڼҵʱϢЭ˵ǼǣҲûж룬ʵʵϢǡ
̲סס͵ʧٺҵϢЭȥѯʣȴ֪ϢЭֻ֪ͨϢӵǰȥЭеǼǣǵʲô޷ţǵĹԱԲǼǵġ
Щһֱڵ飬ڼҲˡҲʧ٣һģһϢء
˶٣һûЩץȥֻΪ
ѾȥʮˡЩΪѵҲұ֤һҵ
ġȻ˵ţԯܰȻôģЩҪϽҵʬ塭
ٵ̲סʵʡеȸ𣿡
ȻԯܰԤϣǹҲЩȡ
ǵģȷȸˣ˵µġʲô𣿡ٵıˣԯܰԥ
ԹɻĿ⣬Ҿ˾˾ͽԣдƴѾʮûˣŵ
£ԯܰ͹ˡ
ԯܰǸ鸴ӣû뵽תתԼҪҳϹϵȴһ£ٵ׾˾ˣǹŮѡ
ôԵ£Ͳġ
ΪնЩԯܰ飬üͷ
ԯܰЩȨϢôһŹġ
ȴΪµΣ̫Բˣֻǡ
ҲΪǻҳ֡
Ϊʲôԯܰ
ûв´ЩӦֻƽϢس֣ңûϢЭǼǵƽϢء
ԯܰЩţȴòϣ˵ǶԵġ
Щ˸ҶԹϢس֣ǲæЩͲŹǡ
ô죿ԯܰһ
Ҳüͷ֯ԱȻܸߣû˿ҪҵǸΡ
Ǹһܹæȴʱٿˡ
˿Ŀ⣬ڵҲϢˡ
УҲ㷴Ե
ԼˣԲͬȥðա
ԯܰҲûп˵ʲôʲôˣȻ˵ŮȥյĻ
ο⻹ԵŮ
ˣǾȻԣҲû
ţڵˣ취ɡ
صңҪڣæҲҪ룬ǾԲͬġ
ٳĬһ룬Ȼ󿪿ڵҾѵϢأ
Ϣأ˼壬صϢء
͵Ϣؼټһ˷֣ȴҲᱻɵѡ
ȻɵͬʱϢء
ҲСҡҡͷعϢأԺûû˵鷳ᱻϣҪúʦһ׵¡
˶٣̼޸ҡ
ٰһۣûһҾѵĲֹϢأ
ֹһ֣ɻбģ
ٵ˵ͷһΣԥ²ŵϢҲûϢشȫҵ
ʲô
ۣҴšӦܸı˵Ϣصġ
ı˵Ϣأһʱûס
ٴ˸ȷڣʵܽԼϢظĸζһԽϢظĳͨϢأ߽ͨϢظĳϢء
ǹ׼Ҳסˡ
ҲУϢرϢػҪ鷳ع⣬ⱲӶˡعҡͷ
һأٵǴûгֹϢͣȫһ֣ΪֻܸıϢصζһ֡
Ȼ˵زˣҡͷУҲðա
-

431 ֱ

ĥ˹һϣ˵ǺãճԣȴԾɲӦա
Ǹһڹҧ˺üӡ
ϧճһ˫۾ͨ͸Ӵ¶طȫʵʵġ
ԣҪҧҲҧˣҧ껹ȥ
ٸˣȥϰǰûһѹƵòС
ʵϣ֮ҪգĶδľ˾жӣҲʥĸķģֻҪŪࡣ
һֱֻҪԽ磬Ǳġ
̫ξٲΪ⡣
Ȼֽ׶εȴûʲô⡣
Ҫ˵ΪϢصӰʱòʵʵȻЩ˲ٵ˵ʵڹϵһĴ
οپôԽܣȻá
Ϣй¶Ȼͷۣͬǣϡ
ô⾿Ķ
ڿϲϢӵߵŴֱ֮
ԣһ˽Ϣء
ȻǸץԣϢĪͼ֯кܴĿܴĿġ
ٶԾжִţÿһξ֮ıȷʵĶҪΪڵµ磬ֲʲݽ
οϧˣΪ˹ǽܻеĶŮҲҪ硣
ٵҵʱ˼ϵؾȻڡ
첻˵Ҫȥһ𣿡پȵ
ҹСʱȥ˵ţ˼üС٣ǱߵϢƼ͸ж٣
ôˣǱߴ𣿡ҼǵƼ룬һ룬Ҫȥÿˣ¸Ҳϡ
ȻƼ͸ǹоɹҲʣҪ˵Ĳ̫á
ȻҲЧƼҲãҲãȫƻ߸ϢصĻӷ
ҲˣƽȻҲһЩȥԷһõģҽԺҡ
ⶫʵǸʦǲʹõģǸʹõģС
ԣ˼˿Ǿллˡȷʵȱ
ЩؿһۣôˣƼ͸ʲôʱҲôˣ
Ҳ֪ʲô˼ͻҪƼ͸۸Ѿø߳гһ
ٵʱҲûж룬Ȼȥȴ˵ϢЭгЭоҲҪϿƼ͸
ʱһ㶣ʵʲôطǶƼ͸żģ
ȻɵҽԺң
ָдġٿڵ
ǾֻоϢصоˡ
˶٣оͨǰһΣǻϢȱߣʱͨ
ٵͷ˼Ƭ̺ʵоûĸоĿģ
ͷλصооϢЭֵ֧ģҪƼ͸ϢЭֱӵȥ
ԣٵ۾ˡ
ֱ˼ҪˣץԵˡ
ϾԷץϢصˣ˲뵽顣
˵ԼĲ²⣬Ҳֻͬǡ
ٵǵȥ飬㲻Ҫܡ
ȻҲûϸԷƽϣĽ϶Ҫġ
ҪҪԯܰΪݾߣ˶ѡ˳Ĭ
Ҳ֪ԯܰЩĶǸ֯ܲ
֮ȴȥϢЭǼϢءȫµϢأЭǱ߻Ǻӵģڵר˺üⶼһ飬ǷŹ
ȵٿSʦʸʱĺ䶯͸ˡ
֪ԸıϢصζѵܾȻܹϢرͨϢأʦЭ𶯿֪
ԵʣٵǳûʦЭļжһ顣
ʵϣʵ֪֮ܵҪκͨϢء
Ȼϵǣ˰£ԺҲþҲöû
κҵˣҲ˹ĳĬ
뵽ʦЭǼλвֹһᵽ⽫ϢرͨϢءٲۡ
-

432 ʥͥ

ᵽ˲ͬѰζ
֮ǰһֱΪϢزûʲôرֵΪʦȽϱһЩҲܶһЩְҵмӳɣҲڴˡ
Ȼڿƺʲôܡ
ܡ
һҲ֪𣿡ʹ
ĬȻ֪ģǡ
£㻹ǲҪ֪Ϊáüң֪˲һǺ¡
㣬һҪ֪ڹ֮ǰüȻҪǲ˵ӽ쿪ʼ˯ͷɡ
ɵˣԼǡϱϱвˣ
㲻ʶץסٵ֡
ٶȻһЦҵȻ㶼ܶôҪ飬Ϊʲô
ˣµǣϣ游ĸ˹
ڹүү͹̣ٲİոʼʱ򣬹ʹȥ
ΪԼƽƽϢأᱻҶȻϵǣ˶̬ȷǳƽͣȻûӡϱŵڣҲûκεѺͲ
½ȥΣүү߳ܳĬСһ仰ûУͬǻӣȴܹһַǳóԵķˣȤֹ
ⷽҲóĵ̵Ѿǳϲˡ
Ȼû뵽ǣιȻǷһġ
Ļ̾Ͳ˵ˣСٲʣǷֿɡ
˵ʵ⻰ʱټֱܸ¡
һӦǶǲǶȻ̧ͷȥȴǿԼĿûκ
ʲô
ٿȴϾû˿⡣
ͷ·Ԥϵ顣
үүϿڵϢأǵĺкܴҲϢء
ĪѵǺ
ȴûӣٲϢأҲҪӡ
ʲô˼
õɴ۾һߵĹүү͹Ҳһ㵡
ѵҪ˹ҵĴУүүһš
ȴС֮󣬿ĺչ
ֱүү͹뿪ٵüͷû
㲻øøһ𣿡ؿŹʲôвӣ
üһΪѡ
˴˿̣ˣ͵תȥ
ʶҪʲôæס˵Ҷ㻹𣿡
תͷǾ˵
̾˿ʵ֮ǰ˵£һЩ鲢û˵
ʲôٺϾؿ
游ȷ˰ȨϢϢصԴͷұ׷ɱȴΪˡ˶٣游оֻǼҵѪʹһҲòܵģʵΪҡ
Ϊ㣿ü
˵ͷ˵ʥͥ𣿡
˵ƺλܸߣڸƺǺܸߣ
һףʥͥ²򵥡
ʥͥǶȨ
һȣЦһΪʲôôϢء
Ϊʲôʵ
ΪʥͥĳԱϢӵߡ˶٣ȻⲢ˵Ϣؾܹפʥͥ
ϵɻЦּܻȻĻʥͥĳԱ
ܼ򵥣ȷµĺӣһȷϢأǾҪȥ
ʥͥĺӣԺΪʥͥĳԱΪĴڡǣǸǾûйϵˡ
Ѿˡ
ڼ˵游оóһۣ˵ûйϵģϾҵʱû˭ǰȨϢءȻ游Ϣأ游ҲϢأ游һֳǸֳ͵ʥͥ£Ҹ׺Ͷ嶼Ϣأٵһ˵ϢأҲǲñʥͥġ
ֻҵʱĸеʱʹĸ׳Ϣ쳣ףҽԺҽ϶һϢء
游Ŀн۳ͶҡǻǰȨϢأҪҽӵʥͥȥ
˶٣Ҹ׺һѣʱ˵嶼ܵ˺ҽ϶ǵ˴롣ĸܻѾ漣ˣôԸȥʥͥ
һ㶣ʶʵǹ
СֶͨνҳģСʱǳȲ
-

433 

üô˵Ļеܶʥͥˣ
ʥͥ𣿡Źʵ
üʥͥˡ֡
ôַɻ
˵ĸоǳͨϢǿ󣬵ȴûʲô
һͷûа
ٲô룬Ǳߵĵнˡ
µ˿϶һ񣬵Ҳû뵽ǾȻôջ񡪡
ֱӽԸҵˡ
űǴӴزȡˣٺ͹ˡ
ǴŪģС˵
СһСҲֻ֣С鲻һ
СһЦ˵ģǿʼǼСҪˣЩ˺ܽƻǸ˺ܶ·òײŷǵһݵ㣬ˡ
ָԵ˺ҪģǱû£ֻǴزϵԣǾͳְ˾ˣǡ
СץץͷǼ񱻹Ѿݾˡ
üȥǸݵΧһг˵ļ󣬾̱
С˵˵ͷԸһ
ʱ˿̣ٺ͹עȴǷϡ
Ÿ˷ǳݣԼܿͻĹ
һۣȻֽԷĸ˿һ̣˶ˡ
ôûϢأһԵСҲסˡ
ԷĲȻַֽŵ˶Էı£Ҳڡ
Ȼûκζɢͷ·𡭡֪еˡ
ȴʱ۾
һ˲䣬˻ûзӦȴǴסˣ˵۾׼ȷ˵ԭʵ̫ˡ
ǡԣٿʵ
ȻزдԵ֣˭Ҳұ֤һԡ
˵ƺЩģգգۣ˻Ƶǡʥͥˣ
ʲô
⻰ͷһʯǧˣڳ˶סˡ
ץʥͥʵ
죬ȴһѪ˳
˱һԼȴһϡƽֲ̧˲ϵѪһȻҳˣҪ˰
ԣٴοʵ
ǡ˳һºʶң˰ҵģ
̽ؿڵҽ١ûǴĻԭʱʧٵģӦ֪ԭ
һǡҽŮ
ٺ͹һۣȻ󿪿ڵǵģ˾ˡ
Щ޴룬Ǹá
˵˾ʲôܸ˵һ𣿡ٵ
ɲ뻰˵һ˾ˡ
˵ţȴ˿ĽǶ֮ơ
һŵץҵʥͥˡʥͥĵѺһֻвעϢأŲܳ
оԱ˵ʥͥĳԱѹǹԽԽǿ󣬶ʥͥȴûࡣЩ꣬ʥͥԽԽѾʼ˱ﷴˡûа취ֻץϢӵȥæ
æЦ˾ȷǰæ
Լ˾ˣƺЩʥ
ԿЦǸЩ˵öˣҸ˳ˡ
ܾ˵һôæ𣿡ʵ
ԼҪˣҲûܼ򵥣Ϣȥǣʱˣڵڸɺ֮ͻھɺˡ
Ǻõģģֱӱﷴɲٿأֻøҡ
üʥͥҲ𣿡
ǵᡣԵʥͥ˴СҩǵԸߣͬϢأǲõɺԡ
Ȼİ취ʥͥΪʲôˣֵ
Ȼû˵ҲµˡЦЦ֪ܼǿԵҩǳϡ٣ܹ޵ġΪʲôһҪӽӹȥǵЩԭ֮ͥ󣬵˺ôȴԸȥѹ
ϾʥͥԱǳǿ󣬵Լ˽ͺܿܵᶯ
ġ˭Ըȥأˣ͵͵ж
˵ԵԽԽףʶҲԽԽģ
ԼҪ˰ɣ
ţ۾
ٺ͹һۣɫѾѿˡ
ǲ֪ԿеĹʲôǣɵӣҲ֪ⶫѰ
ȻΣǶͬΪѹֻϢӵȥ
ȥֻٿڵ
-

434 Դħ

䲻ôһ仰㱻ҭ
ô𣿡бһ۵
ȥ
ҪôһȥҪô˭ȥٻˣٶ˵һɢ
˵ıֱˡ
һӺȰĻôҭ˻ȥ
Ҳٿڣپǰ
ˡ
˷²ᣬעŵϡ
ΣѾΪƣȻûȬҲȴŹѯʵ
սһ߿ĻʾݣһüĺãԵȻܵͣϾ
˵ţֱӴһȡӪҩʼࡣ
ʲôʱѣʵ
ٵɣյ̫ˡ
˶٣ǽһ˽ж
û
ȻƻȴǸϲϱ仯
߼ʵĵ¹㳡ϣɫӿţӵĽŲܲһŰɫ˴Ҵܹ죬Ͻ룬Ҫˣ
ģôᡭ
ԣܴһ󾪻ſ
Ͻ˱𵢸飬ٳ룬Ѿ׼÷ˡ
һȺ˹˲Ϻ£æʼæҵذ豸תƣװ˵һһƳȥ
ۼһҲ˳ˣ˿ŵ¹㳡һŹˡ
Ȼһ̣һŷһζɫӿ
ˣŰɫʥͥԱٿϣһϽ֪ͨ棬ߴңԴħӳȥˣ
Դħӳȥˣ
ôԴħӳȥˣ
ѹˣס
ǹϢض޷֮ûҲΪԷֻܡ

ʥͥĻٺ͹ǲ֪ġ
֪Ҫѹ˱ԻصԼճС
죬˼ָٴһ¹˿͡
εĹ˿һʮŮ˷ǳֵı仯
쿪ʼӨӨͻԲѸղˣǵһʱȥҽԺҽԺǱȴʲôⲻǳҩ뻹ǹˮûЧϢؼ⣬ҽ˵ϢػԾЩߣƼʦһ¡ߵĸһǵؽŻߵ
Ҳǵһϣһ¼ɡ
ͽңٽ⿪ԼͶԷĸȻʼϢȥӴԷġ
ԷϢǷǳǳ滨㣬ܴҲûϢأǡ
߳ȥԻĸ׵Ϣػ̫ˣָоǡ
˶٣֮ڽвһ㡣
û˵ǣոʱܸоԷϢʲôģھһĶҪӹȥˡ
ĸһãȻҪô죿
һ£䶳˨ʱᣬܹܲ⡣
ĸѾֻ֪ͷ
ȡ䶳˨õʱȴǴһ졣
ǸʲôٵһӦЩ˼ٰġ
Էȴó˾Ա֤ҲǼٵġ
鷳뽫½ӨӨǡΪ׵ľٿڵ
ٻûпڣһԵĻĸ׼ˣӨӨҪʲô
ٵѾȷʹȾвҪ롣
ŮˣĸһֽŵȾκ𣿡
ȴȻˣҾͽ½ӨӨˣǻĸҲڰظȥ
һӣҾֻʣǶˡ
ʲô˼
ȴط²ԣԲǴȾô򵥡
ǴȾôЩӴȾԴҲ룿
û뵽ǣ½ӨӨĻǸȥ·ϣͿü½ӨӨһĲõ̧ߡ
ҲĲԡ
ϢЭǱ˵ϢشȾ˵
ҡͷҸոҲӴ½ӨӨϢأԷûҪҸߡ
ͷأϢЭЭͷټ֪ͨһ֪ͨݣȴټصʱһġ
ټʱֻʣһСʱˣôôϣ˶һ
ȵ˵طŵ֪εļеģϢӵߺʦˡ
˵һʦҲ˴ȾûܸԼϢأٿһ´ǽȻһûٶˡ
˼νġȾϢߵģ
ô룬ͿЭĹԱ׷볡ȻЩϢӵߺʦһһˡ
ע⵽ȥķǲһġ
-

435 ᧿Σ

ȴʱԱߵٺ͹ǰ
ǿڣٵҸһ𡣡
ϾǰȨϢأԱԲ⣬ֻ̧Ƶλ
ǣ˾͸ŹԱˡ
ãǽһңгѾһˡ
ٷ֣ЩоȻвףǱˣЭЩС
ԽԽ˽ң߽ʶ˽ܸ
˴˿̣˷֣ܳڻеˣ򵥡
˾ǣмŰɫ߽˻ҡ
һٶߵЩʥͥˡ
Ҳˣȷ
ͷ㿴ϣʥͥıʶ˶٣ңҲǳԡ
ʣ
ٹ۲һܿͷʥͥļȻûпڣˡ
ô˵أһ䲻ʳ˼̻ζ
ʱ̧ܱ˽
ԶԶһֵۣϵ˶Ǹ½ӨӨһ
һƬ˽ǼʥͥԱȴߵǰ棬ڵλѾ˵ϢشȾˣλټϣλ취оûϢصܴķ
һ˷׷׾ˡ
ôܣ
ڿЦɣ
Ҳ̫

ʥͥԱٴοڵⲻڿЦһ㣬ʱˡ
ԣ˷׷׻ȻȻû˵ҲöԷΣ
ʱǰĻˡ
ĻһڻеˣӺͻȻ۾Ȼһ̣վϵĸѵ
ѵ֮ӲľҲ¶˳
Ȼ󣬾ͼʼȺȥȥ˺Щ˵ĸֻҪ˺һӣϢصɢ֮һһ˻Ե¡
δȾĲ֢һֲ֢屾ûκ˵ģǡλѾˣ˵ʵѾˡԼĲ֢ȾˣΨһıܡ
ִȾͨϢشȾģǾãܹ𣿡
ֳһƬĬ
ͻȻ˿ʵͲȾԴ𣿡
ʥͥԱڵѾͳƣѵǧ򣬶ʱţԽԽѡ
ҪǣЩļҲǽɱ
̫ܰɣûϢأôܻţɵ
ܹġʥͥԱһ֮ǰûΪ˾ûϢصġ
ֳһƬ˻ң
ٺ͹ȴǼʥͥԱĳ룬˶һۣԼͬȥ
ߵĻҵαȽϸӣ涼ȣǳۡ
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һĲڳ˰ˡ
ʲôϽſĪģԱߵһλʥͥԱڵ
ۼҪǰѾӦǰǰ
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ȶԷڣ͵ЩŪңֻҪңʥͥĹʲôνĴȾǲǺǸйأ
㡭ԷȻܾ˵ֻ
һԵļʥͥԱҲһ㵡
ˣҰɡ۾ЩΪʥͥپϢصƽ꣬Ӧòϣعȥɣ
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ǺȻԷǲ֪뷨ģԲɱ
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˵ĹԴħȻûһᣬԷóĶ˵ʵһεĴȾʵΪԴħӳˣЩջԵ˶Դħռʶ
˶٣ϢأֻҪϢصˣԴħܹռʶ
Դħʲôʵ
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˵һ㡣Ȼȣ顣
ĪĿҵ棬ԴħһӴĶˡ
ĶûϢأǼû**ֶ㣬˿᧿Σǧ򽵵ʮۿżȥҪˡ
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436 

ķչڳ˶µˡ
üôһ£˵һ㡣
Ī̾˿ǸԴħ˶ˣֻʣһˡ
꣬ϣܹԼȺģʱ棬ԷΪԣΪ˿ڿա
ͬ϶Դħܹ˿˵һļϡ
ˣ˿ʼϢأʼܵԵչ񣬶˿ѾﵽʮڣѾû˵Σ
ȵȣ˵һ㣬˵һһ롣ü
ĪĳĬƬ̣ȻԴħûʶֻʣһˣҲܹ˵ġʱҵԼãչԼˣԸ⽫һָˡ
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ĪĵͷҡͷǷˣΪԴħҪܳˣûġ
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ԴħˣҪѪĪĵһʼԴħ֮Ը귱˿ڣΪľ㹻Ѫˡ
ԴҵӦòһ֪ɣû˵Ҳ֪ԷԵ޹ʰĴæϢԴԴħҪӵϢءµʱ˿ֻмʮӦòСɣ
ĪĳĬˣȻ˵ǶԵģǶ֪뻢ıƤ˱ѵ׼Ҳ˶Էѵ׼Թ潫ԴħˣԴħҲԼܹͨϢؼ¡
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ЩεʵԴħŭܾ֮˵ַɹȻϢӵȥԴħԼʵҲܡ
˵ϢضϢأǲǾͲõԴħˣ䲻ʵ
ûĪ̧ͷѵϢزֹԽϢرͨϢأ
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ЦЦȻޱǣܹõʲôôأ
ĪĻûüϲͱ⻰ˡ
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ЦҿɲԺĺӱ̳ƭɵϡ
Īģŵᣬ׼Եùͷʣ
ôٹЦȻôˣǵȻҪȥˡ
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˵ΪԶܱ֮Ϊ塣ЦȻ壬ΪʲôЩ˺һЩЩϢǶûеõʲôõĴɣ
ҪѹԴħǿ»ҪΪزİɣ
ĪҪڣٰ˰̸ֵʲô壬ֻ֪Щµ壬Щ˲Ӣۡ
ҫǣǽƳȥʹߡ
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һĹĪĵתһ䣬һ㣬ɱЩֶΣ򡭡ЩӦòԸ⿴ðȨϢسǡ
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Īͷ亹
һߵļʥͥԱסĪû°ɣ
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437 Ц

ԭ̫³çصҺܰһϢؼ𣿡
롭
ٵɢʥͥ£ȻҪҼġ
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Եıһӱˣоϲжݣˮ۽ǻ
û뵽
ЦЦԯܰȷʵѵáԶԣˡ
ĸţԼഺѾķϣᣬԯܰһڣһ¡
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ʲô£ԥ£ٻǽˡ
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ü϶ԹҪһȸСһԺԯܰȥ⹫
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֪ٺ常ĸ֮ľȻܷԣУΪ㰲šĸƻ񶼱ִˣҪȻҲҪõġ
Źĸһطûʲôֵ࣬˾ͽĸƻ͹ˡһͬĻеصЭ᳤ֻϢЭ᳤ֻ
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ʥͥҪͨ¿յĳ롣
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ٻǵһʹܣҲҵġ
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ЭɡϷߵܻİҵϧ
ǡ¶ʣһþܹŮˣҵ֮ǰΪ龫ǡ
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ЩҲʥͥģ±òֶβò˵ǹﻹǴżеģִġ
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һĩβдšҵȵΪȻΥ壬ӭ⣬Ǵ಻ڡƻţٲЩЦá
Ҳ游ʮǰȥˡ̾˿
ģһδ棬ҲܵĶԷҲǴٳץϢߵһԱԼΪѡ
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438 

ʮ
ѧУԼҰ趼ڣҳһʳһ߳һ߿
һ룬ͬѧͨѶ˹
С쿴ţѵΪԵļ
üһ߰ңһֵʲôŰ
ˣ໽еֱּ̫˧ˣǸСԼϢҪ裬ѹſϸ
ɶֵģϷѵ𣿡Ȼ˵۾ȴרעؿ˵ӡ
ţҰ־ô˧ôôҰ׷裬Ұָˡ
ȻСԸĸĹһҲûг塣
û취˭Ǿء
ٻʱ򣬾ͿŮһݴװƬһ߳һɵЦ
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ûУæתƵƬЬܹٵֱ۵裬ǲҪͰְһȥ
ǰôˣװʵ
ȥô꣬ѾоӵоЧĸˡԽԽ˷ƷҲԽԽʶòϵ
ܲȥ⹫ż찡֮ǰӦˣҪȥоĹҡд˵԰ˮժС˵Ҫȥ̨̨ǡ
ٶһ٣ȥȥɡ
常ĸĹϵ䲻ȣŮСҴúܺá
ǾöпǷ常ĸҲãƻҲҪСǳ谮ȶԼӶҪá
ҲҺС⺢ȻЩɵĵԽ˰԰沢ûй߳ʲôë
Ҫһǣƻѹ֮Ҳ֪˴̼ôģͻȻʼܷҲԭһմأһʼȥˮԼ̯ˮ˲ԼӵһˮСǮֳаһƬؽ԰Ҳ̤ʵأծǰֽ˻Լļͥ
ҲˡϵĴѧȻôȴƴǵʱȥ˾֤˵ôҲѾеľˡ
ٻæҹһأС˴ѧǾȥаɡ
еļƻˣΪЩϢصŴӻȶʱʱǻֻͨϢصӤٲòϺȥزǸҲС
ˣȻٻҪȥһҲһΡ
ߣĪĵļ⣬ԴħûԴѾ˳˯ٹʮʮ꣬Ҫɢˡ
Ҳܹˡ
Ȼû˵ͷð
ǣϴѧһ죬ͽӵĸĶţ֪ȥˣضͯ
ԤϣʧĲС
һ棬໥δĴ㣬һǳĻش𣺡ҪһررϹЩԵĹҰ衣
ȻԸעܴˡ
Ϊ˶Ϲ֮ŷֻ֣жԷŲ˭ء
֮ͬ󣬰ȴҲԲˡ
ﶼԼϹﻹõ˰
Լ뷨жô֮󣬹رԼ
ΪǵĶȥѰҰõ
˵ģŰŮҵ
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ΪѵúãŲĸĸһ졣
ʵ֤õ¡
뿪һ룬ְֵĺҲֹͣˣֻ޵ɵһ
Ϊļҳ
Ǹ̫̫ˣȴӲֶ֧ȥ׷󰮡ǰãŲɵǣ˵һûҵԼİ飬һô˵顣
û뵽ǣһӷһ˵¡
ϢصĽͱ죬ʵûԵɵġ
˵ϢصĽͱҪϣϾǰ
ȻҲҪ츳ģֻݺõ˽ͱֻҪһݰݲ˾Ҫڸࡣ
۱֤ʵ֮󣬶Ϊŷ硣
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ң˶֪ҲӰȨϢشұ˰Դ塣
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ϢŶķչȴѵ΢΢Цؿһøˡ
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439 

Ѿͷվס
ŭܽؽһڽַھӷ׷̽ͷ֡
Ļϡǡ
˹ˣѾͷȻ֪ˣ
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Ҫ˵̫ҲǴΪǶص۾˭ɼôԺ϶ûϢᣬδζһԺϢء
ǣǰѾͷǽ̴򲻻ڣڿϣԺ׼гϢ

ᡭ׼ȷ˵Ҷɹ˲Ͻַӵۣó̵ˡ
ԭ岻׷ϵ׳Ѿüβ㱻еɨɨˡ
ۼҪ׷ˣ˿Χֱܵһˮ̯ϰһŰˮƷˡ
ѽѾͷǸʲôл̷ҿûǵ㣡ˮ̯Ĵ輱ˣǰҪ
ܿԷֵ޴Ҫ⳥һСǼ໤ˣ
˵꣬˾ˡ
޴һҲǣæץסС⣬ɲˡ
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˷ԭļ䣬첻ϿΣѧУȥطڴëǮ̾˿һԭȥС˽ȥ
ľԼĪ൱йʮëǮһЩġ
ĶӣҪһɳӡ
ëǮĶɳӺܴô
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ԭǸĸĶŮ˵㲻ǧٳ裬Ҳڼﱻ׷
Ҫ˵ˡ
үү̵׶ӣүүܵܵĶӡĸ˫үүֶӹȥġ
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ô꺰֮Ҳʤˡ
үү󰲳ʱѲΪȱȻûɵӣƢȴЩ㡣ȻҲ˳˳Ȣ˸ϱ˸ӣȴһ˵ִʧ˱˾ꡣ
ǸʱѾسǴƴڿҿϸɣǮ˸С䣬ĸҲǿòϽĲſ
󰲳µʱĸоԤֻһˣϻ£ȴպڼˤһ
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ǱүүΪӳͻѪûȻ߸ϣɥ¡
ɥ¹̿ŲĶϱСѧӣѾ˵Сϱ˼һֱӴŴϱͶˡ
أһǰТҲһû취ӣҲܰŴӣסˡ
Ҫ˵һʼ̫ƽ˵۰ӣС׬ǮҲҶ᲻áǵڶ꣬ǱߴϢһ֮С
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ȻСûǸͷʾʾûá
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Ҫ˵ⷢչҲˡ
ϴԵģûԼԼϴԵġ
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ԭʵҲϴˣ֮Զ̴򲻻ڣҲľԼŮӣһͷ
Ҳˣ״
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440 ί

ҶسΪʱԭѾˡ
Ϊʵ̫ˣ̲ס͵һպñС˳
̳˵Ÿ´ɱҵԭԴϡ
ԭʱ˹ȥ̸ͲںתȥĴˡ
СЩ£ι̽ĺֶк󣬾Ҳˡ
ֻǲ֪ǣǹæµʱСŮѾʧȥ˺
ѹʱ򣬾ѾȥˣһоǶÿҪ֡
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ҧһڣ̾˽
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޳ģسǵʱһʼֻҵ㹤ŷһʦѧ˿ѧҪ޳һѧġ
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ĥŻ˸еʼ˼޳
ԭĵλ֪Ը¹ʵһЩǿҲܹˡ
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׬öˣҲԽԽæˣϰ˾ŵŻ
ҲΪʲôһֱԭ֪޾Եˣ̵һױһףԭԼ״Ҳÿ칤̫ˣÿҲܿһŮ˯գԵʵڹ˼
ᣬҪȥҼҳԷɣŰҲҪصˣ
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СҶӶе㲻˼ϾǸˣȴСһʳ
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ȴûðɣƫҪ˼Ů飬һ߱۵ıһɥĶŮĺŮģôŰŮүôһ
˵䡣ʱ򣬷⹫һˣЦеᣬ⹫档
˼һ㣬۵׵ŭҲΣȻŮ
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绹һɰŵǰ֮ȴƲסˮģӾͷ
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441 ο

⹫ûзʲôرϣȴԵ㼫ˡ
˲ܳԵµһ棬һ˸ˣûʣ
ſۼˣǷ⹫Ҳ۵һֱĸҭˡ
ᵹЩ˼ԭȻǶ̫ˣһûƺþͱˡ
󣬷⹫ȥϴˣһ죬һʵ˵˵ƽʱҲ𣿡
˵ͷСšҵ⣬ҵĶ䡣
Ҳĵ̵ˣǴԭҲΣҲΪ鼱֮£ҡ
̲סԣһΪͷҲ
ԭǸƲӣԽԭţҲ״
ſĶҲһȻһСĴʱŭˣ̫Ҳ̫ûˣȻѺӴ
⹫ӳԵһһ̫ţǵŮŮ̫á
̲Ųǰְֵءһؿڵ˵ˣ󲮲׶ӣزӡ˵ѰְֶѾĶ飬ְ־͸ûر
ԭȷʵ˵⻰ֻС⻰ûʲô֪
⹫ǲ֪ģԶˡ
һֱ֮ԲҶŮҲǾǱộƫҲ֪
Ϊˣһ֪жƫˣ޳
Ů֮ǼҴÿûУƾɶҪĥ
ĸԭ֪⹫ųƺŮһǴСõĽС
⹫Ƭ̺󿪿ڵǾͲٴǼˣǰӹ
ǶûжӣȻ˳ЦȴñȱҶãŮ޺󲻵ǲʱʱТǣݹʣһҲʲô
ⷿӣСŮӹúãҲϡŮȥôһѪѷСҲ
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442 ¼

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443 Ů

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444 ҵ

ŮǸӹɵˣɫĳͬһקڵأµŷ˵˫ɫеĵĮԼŵĴݺĪ⡣
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445 Ұ

أһãѾԹˣЩò˶ɣҲܳԡ
سС㲻ϺÿȻҲѿʤƤ𪣬ԲģһЦ⣬ڳоǸиĺӡ
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446 

һֱܼᣬΪĺøף̺ĸȻһΪȴûʲôܶ͡ҪĶҪԼȥȡ
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447 а

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ȻЩȴ֪Ϊʲô͸ԻҩһϲᣬȻչ׷
һʼǻȰһϾ׷治ҵǣѧ᳤糤ϵѧѧ
ǣÿһǱǸ
ȴ֪ΪʲôǲΪ
ȵһλĽѧɱвǾҲ˵⻰ˡ
ֵ֮ڶλλ
ʱˣҶһ֪׷ߣЩаš
Ϊҵ¾Ӧýˣ˭֪ôһ
¾ƶҪŪӰˣԭͶ̸ԣھ͸ˡ
ͷҪըˣæ˯˰ͳ˳ȥ
ûüױ
ϵѧУѾһСʱˡû취׷ӱǸҵסģѧУ
ٳϴʱһƬѾˡ
һȥһλŮǢˡ
١Щεشк
˫ˣҲϻֱӵҶ˵ˣ㰲תעǵľԮԱѾ׼ˡ
˵ʱ̲סͬؿһۡ
һʼΪɱʱٿĿЩģŪ˸ŮʱˣҲһַ¸˼Ůӻûйϵ
˵ֱǵ˴ùˣȻһȺ׷ߡ
˵ͷ˶¥
ׯ۾ˣ˧ϲ֮ǰķ񣬱
ѧЦкֵָɾ
ỳأˣԽⳡ־𣿡
Ĳͷׯ¶ģΪʲôѧͲϲأ
᲻˵Щеûģֱһͷ֪켸˯˯ģ֪жж˯ܲϽһȥ˯
-

448 Ȥ

ׯĵطѾԮԱȻӽ
һ뷳굽ӣׯʱЩ֪룬ѧ㲻ҪҲ֪㻹û˯ѣֻ㣬̫ˣϴοѾǰ
һ仰û˵꣬ԮԱѾ˹ѹ˵ϡ
˿һԵٵˣҿԻȥ˰ɣ
ٵ˵ͷȥɣлϡ仰Ҳ֪ö˵ʲôˡ
ȡһ£ʱׯſڵ
Щεתͷȥڵϼ̧ͷׯʲô𣿡
شһ⣬ѧֻҪشһ⣡ׯ
ʲôȻôʣʵѾµҪʲôˡ
ѧûϲеĻ˭ׯʵ
⡣
²ۣҪһ˵ûеģȻȴͻȻı⡣
еġ
һ˲䣬ڳľʦؿ˹
˭ׯʵ
ȻûпʣҲɻ
Զ񴥼ߵĽ۾ˡ
ѵ֪ˣҲѹ⼸ļƻǲ˳ˡ
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һһǵȴһǱ֮
ʱһҪúûرһ֮ǰķ֮١
˵ע£꣬˵һ֡
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ʵϣһֱɻԼΪʲôôࡰΪɱ׷ߡô֣ƵҲ̫ˡ
ĳԭ˵ʵȻƯûǵĵزѧУһƯŮûУȴֻһˡ
һξˣȴѾʮˡ
ͲɺϽ͵˵ˡ
Ȼô飬ȴʼյ鲻ʲô
Ψһܹ˵ģֻнΪصúãȴֵĶˡ
Էûжκβõ£ֵú⣬ȴΪԼŪˡ
ˣһ̣ͷ·Ǹһ㣬˵˶Է֡
Ϊ嶯֮ڣȻϵǣһָоûС
Լ˻ǶԷľף
Ѿȥ׷ˡ
Ǻ棬ϻôġ
ڳ˾֮ȴһȻ
˵ҲѧУķ˵ỹһСѧһһйġ
ƽｭͼӽȴԷӵ飬Ѿ˵ԶԲĽˡ
һܽΪʲôô׷ᶼΪˡ
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ʱµʵǽϡ
ʱ˿ֻ̣һ仰ˣ
⻰Ǽ٣ȥ֮񶼲ùӳԡ
ʵҲȷʵˡ
֮
ϢѾˣͬһŰڲǸ˼죬Ƴ˯ްҲҪˡ
侲һ㣬Ҷ˵ǻһģû֮ǰһ㶼Ů𣿡˼Ȱ
ϢȻ֪֪֪Ҳ
ɲ֪Լ赭дһ仰ͰѽŵùǺ
ֱĳһ죬ڻѧУʦʱԷЫ̬ˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰÿοǶἫܽӽʾġ㣬ʲô
ȴ֪֮ǰǰȫϢ͸˼ġ
Ҫ˵ʱʲô仯ǾǡԼ˵Լϲ
ǶԼû˼ڱӴ
Ȼ˵Ľͣȴֱûô򵥡
ǣԽһתͿʼ취ӽԷ
ҵûгȥҹֱ϶пһҳеķֵꡣΪ¿ĵ꣬ǲϼǱߵģ׬ǮҲ´ࡣ
ŮҲû̫Ҫ󣬼ԸѾˣ̬
Ҳˣҵ˲æøпˡǱ߼ûҲܹתֻҪʱȥ˾ˡ
ϱƱҵȴǼˣҪҵֱܸס
ңΪ֮ǰЩ׷ߵĶֵ̫ˣѧУȫʦϣĸܸϽ䣬Ƶ·
ˣͽܽǾٺòˡ
ǣڽϼʱΧȴڴǡ
᱾ִ̬¶еùˣǿʹʮ˰նͻȻ͵ˣһȥԴ̽Էʲôܡ
ϾоȤġ
ȴ֪ڽϱ߲ѵʱ֮ľϢѾÿԱˡ
-

449 Ŀ

ϣ
ϴʵҳħһǵһʱҪܡ
ϧʵвʦѾ˹
ǣֻӲͷƤתԳͬѧʲô𣿡
գգ۵ôǰֱӽ𣿡
ЩȻ
ҲûоⲻţóŵӰƱӳĵӰҺòײƱһȥɡ
Ҳҡͷˣ绹Ҫʦһʵ顭
һ仰û˵ʹʦ
СͣСȥӰɣһʦ־ˣͲ̸ˡ
λʦҲʶᣬȻ֪ôһùﱻЩ׷ߵҲֿϧģò׿ֵµССǰСҲܹע֮ϡ
亹ðˣһԸڵʦߵʦȴ壺԰Сú棬ǵøǴը
޿ظ
ﶼҪЦˣȴһƬȻǴģ
죬Ĩ˰ᣬ㵽Ҫ
׷㰡Це
⻰ȴǱŵһһľ㤡
ῴֻȤˡ
ͲϲҰɣϵϲң֮ǰҲҰҿ̣
Ͻ˵ǸϽ˵ǣдߴٵ
ζؿ˶ԷһۣڵôᣬҿǶжӡ
һҭںڣͲ޳ˡ
ˣܶԷ˵Ǽ٣֮һǺġ
ǱӦɣ
ԼమӶð֮뵽
ǰʯͷԼĽţ
ô죿
Υλּ⣬ħɡĻ³лɢ֮ĵڶֿܡ
ҲΪݺĺһȲ˵ǲĶ˼ģҲΪöԷ͸Էһ
ΪĻȻòãҲҪˡ
˻ȥӰˣᵹǿͶ룬ȴȫ̽Ӳڡ
ܾã֮߿
鲻ػصңͽӵĵ绰
֣ôʱҵ绰
Ů鲻Щӵᣬһ˰ɣ㲮ˡ

ĸ
һ²ŷӦ˵صİְ֣˵𣿡
һȻûУʱŪˣײԴʧȥ˼䣬ֲŻԼ˭˻
ֱﲻԣȻصңֹȻˡ
ϣһֻϹһֻ۾󰲣¾;ò
Щ죬̺СһֱڲᣬһԳ˸ǽϳ̣һ겻ģ
ҲȷʵʮüСѾȶŮѣۿܽɼˣȴðһм׵˭ϲ겻
ȴһͬ鶼
ûǣԼտϴѧǻᣬΪ鲻оˣǴ⵽аæġ
һʼͬˣֶѧһղǻ¡ڲǰ˶ˣɱгĦгƿЩ׬Ǯĥֶѧ޳ٽǮԼһ4S꣬ⲻȥ
뵽˻ûȥǱֶ֪Ҫȥ˵Ǵѳн
ԣҲ֪ԴͷĶ
һͻˣ¸ı⣬ԸǮȥѧҲˡ
û˵һߡ
Ҳ˵ͿǱһӵʲôĿġ
һܵǼңҪ˵ûĿģԸš
Ȼûã̿ڵƽ㿴ӣԺӿô
ǣؿѾҪˡСҪ׼ҹ׼ĸ֪һҪչ˵׵˼ԸŹˡ
ҲͣҵŮѼﲻ˵฻ԣȴ׷ŮǶŮ˵׷Ӷǵġ
˼ҸĸǲŮ޸Ѹ󣬼ֲô˵ģŮأִֵúãɿҪ׼
ɺãٳôһ»ܲܳɾ˵ˡ
Ȼû˵ҲãСҲãﶼԹΪʲôٵؽ飬췹˰
ü⻰˵ʲôãĸ
-

450 ɱ

Ǳ߱ӲˡϾǱһС䣬ЩѧֶģҲ취ѧһգһǧ롣
һǧڴлֻƽڶȴԲˣҪ֪еƽһǧ
Ѿ御Ҳԭá
ƽ㿴ӣ͵ǮȥԺɡĨ

۾ɴˣ˵̫̫֪ԺһҪǮ𣿡
ڶسǣ˵ԺһֻҪ߰٣Ժ󰲿϶ǽȥġʧȥˣֻܽʩǳȫԺ
ֵԺȻô󣬵һҲҪǧˡ
̵Ȼ֪ǡ
ƽѾ߰˼ҳУһнһǧԲǸ̿޵ǿڵչˣҲְɡ
УῪڵҳ£׬ǮҲתһͷϣû˵ֶŮġ
⻹ǵϴѧˣʲô̬ǰҳԼķӴתŮ¡
ȴǲ֪ģԣɴ۾ƽѾͷ˵ģ
üģҾһӣµļҵȻġ
Ůް̵۾ˣµĺӾͲˣⲻǰԼҵĲҵ͸𣿡
ỳЦǲ׸𣿼㲻׸Ҳӣһհ
֪˵ⲻˣ;һˣ˲
ȴıˣԸ׸мõġ
ЩɶļҵûˣѾͷƬӸȥˡ
ɩ񻹿չ˴Ӧòģص׼ӦòΪ²Сһ𡣡ҡҡͷȰο
Ȼ⻰̺Сȴһ仰ȥġ
󵽵׻ǲɢˡ
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ƽҪֱ֮ǰһֱĬͻȻˡ
ô˴磿ȥ˵
㣬ӷȽҲȷʵûչˡ
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̲ͬ󰲻Ǻܸмܵܶ޶չ˵ġûеܵܣԵĴžɢľ档
񣬿û̫ദĸ׺ӣԼѾ˵ĶӣѾ㹻ˡ
ɫһɣֵܡ
ʵʹɩͱˣ治⻨ǮʹȥԺ
̾˿󰲶СģȻԸȥԺԻǮķչ㡣ʵʹɩһм˾ȥԺأ׵ûôĬ̺ĸ׵Ĵ㣬ҲЩġ
һ漴ЦЦЩ̾ôƽԺտңһģǵģôҪܵܵտ
ֵܣ˭տ˭һЦ
᲻ûĻҲ᲻ǵǮֻǵ̬̫ȻˣȻֺá
ǼȻǲһ̰ӣøжҲ⻨Ǯ
ȻҲãҲãû뵽ȥķչ
˵һ飿ŵ绰ֶˡ
᲻תͷôˣ
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һô᣿
ǰôᡣ
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еĴ粻ῴɫأ첻µز£˵ĸ˵ҲӲӲġ
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ʱһ˻ң̿캰أСҲſޣڰοŻŮѡ
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ῴǾ߲ʬ壬ɱƲۣȥ󰲴ϷЩƽˡ
㣬㲻ʹȥԺһ벻㻹ҶӣҶӻңƺŷĵʱ
ľǣһˮ
һæ˹ȻһŽ߿
Ϊ̵Ļɫ㱣ˮҰѾ˵뱣ķչҪΪ϶ɱ
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451 ת

ԣ̸ͲţɫŤѾͷ˵˵ʱҪڲƭҡ󰲾ǱǺģ
Цզ˵ΪûûƤҰռˣԲѵɱģ
һ˵ȴˣҲŵԣһģĸߣԸ͵
Ҳ󰲵β֪ԼҶʲôӣ
ֻǶ겻һʱû뵽ȴѾˡ
ǵıʹ۵ȴ΢ɲһĨɡûпȴǿ˸š
Դ˲⣬ر˵ˣ˵֮ǰûмĸĸףĵ׶жٸ顣
ΪǮ󰲵ɥ°ģ
Ȼɥ֮ĹϵٲؽʱȥһˣԵĽˡ
ȵڶ꣬Ͱȥ϶˫ϵ͸ˡ
꣬оҵΪ˶˵зչˡ
Ҳ⣬ԣҲǸȤĶ󣬵ϲϲ˲Լ
ʧǣⱲʼûĶˡ
ԽԽҲӿʼ߻ˡ
ڱȥμ˼֮ʵǲͷˣ˹ĴлһһŮӡ
ȻģѪϽȴŮ
֪֮Ȼ𾪣ҲϿļᶨûж߻顣
̫СɻҲʲôõĺ´ʱŽǽӻعġ
ԴŮͶԳе²̫ˣ鶼ᡣ
ȻΣ°ȻҲˡ
죬ڳвˣͻȻ绰شϱˣһҪ緹
أ
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Ӧ£ȴЩ
㲻ʹֱһʹóȻȥԶڼеء
ΪԼˣŴӳг߽͡Ӥ
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ȻϵǣԼȻò˾
׼ȷ˵ͨصΪȴ޷þκӡ
һ˲䣬ĴԶǿհ׵ģ֮ıӿŭ
һʼûʾȻ磬ܹӵˣΨһ뵽ֻһڡ
Զ۲һĻĽҲ¶Ȼ
Ǵɥ֮ʹΪľ϶ħܹ˳飿
ԼҪҪֹ
СôãȴʼûħΣԼʲôû뿪С磬ڼ֮ǰ˵ϲ£صһûк³
ǣԼħĹоᣬ˵Ҳð֮һ
ţϾԹۡ
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Ůһһʧȥеŭɳϡ
ҳ
˭Ҳû뵽ŭǰ
ȻǴ˿̣ħûз϶
ųǰͬһڿеʶ壬Ҳһ㶣漴ЦûʲôҪ͵ģ
ɫϽסҲӲˡ
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ŭûκαƽһξɪȻĵİȻڵΪ֮ҵ磬ԸԸ¡
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һҭ޺޵ֻҪһħƭ߶ѣ㲻˺ܶľΪʲôҪ˱ˣ
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Ŀ䣬ɫ֦ɶʹ͸ȻԽԽ΢ֱʧ
ʱԭɫ֦Ѿɫ
Զϵһ
֮۵ڣ˼һŵϵϢת
Ǳ飬Ҳײִڳֵİ
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452 

ŭ֮񶼱ˣ˵ǽˡ
ֻתˣؼǡֶͨܳԸ
֪Լġ
һ˲䣬ǵӲʧˡ
ȴ֪ϵ뷨Ҵһصʱ򣬼ѾһƬ˻ˡ
Ůʬ壬۴޵ӣصôң㡭
û˵ˣֻһһµֱ
رãȻԼֿ֣СŮʬ壬Ӷµġ
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ǶǶԶŮ뷨ҹλصʱֹһλûᣬԼڵӻжá
䣬˭Ҳû뵽Ȼϴн飬˼Ҫȴ֪ɱˡ
ˣǲûеõôϴǺˣĹûסŮ˳ȥǻᱻš̻ãŮ˵Ӷ󣬵ȷֶԷҲ˾ͲˣŵСÿο޵ϡﻩĸ֪۵òУ˶㵽ͷϣҪŰȥסȻӦ֮һҡ
ʱȥ϶绰˵˹ĴлһһŮҪȥԺӵİվơ
ŶԷӹϣԼһңŭ֪
ֹһԼһѻһӶˣȻõĲƲ
ȻôãҲβʵҪԼˡ
ε϶˵Ҫùϵ취϶ҸͬĹ֣϶ɵĻʹԭ
ǽķչȴȫԤϡ
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ڵȴ쵽֮ǰᱧŮ߽ңҪŮһÿһ·ȻԷ¶ȵ֣ͻȻһֱߣһƽɫĹɳƽŮһ롣
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ϱĺˣֱûǡ
ⱲӹúɣΨһǵħҲڼ취ӡԼĿռС
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֮
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ϢûпڣϵЦȴ˵һС
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453 Ů

շֵĽಿһûУŮŮ߳ţеؿϷĽ磬˫ֺʮ
һҪëhŮ
ԸhŮܹƽ
Ը鱣ӽಿ䣡

ΪҲû⣬վڸƵʥ£һ߽ĵȴҽʦһūhŮܹƽ
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䣬˵һڽಿϷĽʧˡ
һ˲䣬˵ĴԶհˡ
hŮˣһ޺
ź򣬱Ǵ˷ƵĿ޺
Ȼڶݵıʹ֮󣬲ʿѾ׷ص˲Χ
ಿĽѾʧò˶ãΧ޶ӵ
ֻ֪۵Ȼ٣ǲ޶Сǰ档
ƺҲʶҪʲôŮ˷׷׶ٲóսˣҲӼó˸ܹĹ߳ӦС
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ȻûãһصĺҰ޳ǵС
ˣЩӴ޸ľ
ۼǼ䣬ȴʱһӤͻȻ
ڳһûзӦһâӲ߿͸Ľգ۱ӿЩҰһƶ
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һ£漴ɫЩ׵ϼйңhŮ߲
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Ϊûеõ͸һֱܲԲҽʦ
ıҲѿˣŮ屾ͼزˡ
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ǵŮΪŮһ̣ΪĸѾûκƿȨˡ
Ůʥأʵ
ûó
ԣǰҪӤȻô˵Ҳȫ˵Էȴʼղ
û˿СӤķһۡ
Ҷءڸýۣ۵Ȼſ֣Ȼ֪ԲĶʲôֱԼҪ
ȴ⣬ڵ׷ˣȱŮȥʥְɣʥ
ڻ۵ɻУһ˱ȥ
ԽԽ󣬲˶˹
ʥֿڣֻԼΪ۸ĸļ˽ȥ
νʥ֣ʵŮʥڡ
ʥѰʥŮһʥҪģһǳʥǿʥŮĸ˵ıӻܳΪѪҪĲƲһӺŮĸʣһʥ󳤳ʥʥǽۣ֮ͬʱҲŮİ帧Ůľ
ಿʥرƯССʥżɭȻš
˭֪ʧȥ֮ǰӺƯµ֣ò˼䷲
Żʥ֮С
֪еŮСԼĻ̲סڵǽಿ½ŮĵĲ䣬ڣǵʥҲвġ
ǵʥѾ飬ѡúʵĵطʥְɡ
Ļδ䣬۾ͻȻſ֣ɽɫʥ
һ˲䣬ʥֶ˹ʥʼˣΪʥڳط
ڳĵطЩ̫ˣ
ô룬ͿʥַĿĹâһ˲䣬ɫʥ𣬲գ۵Ĺ򣬾ͳһþ޴ʥ
ʥκһöҪ
⣬һλոյŮʥ
뵽ոǸóĽ磬ͻȻһ
-

454 ĸ

ǽಿ䣬ƺֳһǿŮ
һǰδеǿ
̧ͷʥжһĵĽɫʥ뵽
Ͼ¹ŮʥȻǳɳʵҲֳɳǷǳ޵ġ
ȻŮʥȴˣڣѾóʥеʥˡ
̾˿ȴ̸϶ˡ
ŮǿȻһ£Ȼ֪ԽǿŮԽǶ̡
ǸոεīhŮʵ㲻ǿ󣬵ȥʱŶʮꡣ
Ϊ̫ȥµֶкԽಿŲһŮĴУ벿Σ
Ҫ֪һ£ֻŮµŮŻŮͨŮļǷǳǳ͵ġ
Ůôǿǹزۡ
ؿڣֻЩ
ǡʱʥƮɫĹ۾ŵ˸߸ߵ֦ϡ
һʶȥѺҪʥʶˡİɣչ˺ûŮġ
ԥµҪι̣ôСҪ̵İɣ
ʱԥˣŮĸҲŮ̵Ȼý񡭡ŮŮҲȷʵ̡ܲ
ԥ£ҡͷУ㲻ɣÿˮȻü͹
кӵ·ڰ
ɻĵһӣȻޱȣȷ֮Ϳʼ׼ֺҪĶ
ҡҡͷˣ׼ƶ鲼ģʺϸŮŮһ׼޲·
죬˵Լ׼Ȼ鲼·ȴˮֹ̹һΣѾúˣһԵļȴס֣ҡҡͷ
Ⱳӵĸ˵ĻЩε̾˿
ҲãҲãͶСŲʮӡǣûϽǵɸĸ
οطĻԼⱲӸĸ¸û취׽
ţɱ۾ɫĹһһϣϤϢܿ硣
һ˯죬ȻٴԼѾһɫ·
ˣʥϲ֪ʱһ޴˿̾Уڼ򵥵ľϡ
ľԻдͷԼļҾߣһ㶣Ȼ֪طӦʥǰļΪס
ô룬ͼƹϷ£һСɵƿ
һһ轺ƿ
ƺԼ⻯Ҳʥ˵ӵˣ
ϸ罫ӡ֮ͷ·˹ԽԽԡ
磬ںķ򣬸ʥںˡ
ȵһƿĸ飬ʥ㱧ȥɹ̫ˡ
ƺӦ뷨֪ɹ̫ܲʣ
۲ЩʧЦ
ʱ򣬾ͿŮ֦аЦݡ
һɿںۣ
ʶԣ¶ԷŮҲӦúԷΪŮֱġ
Ȼܿ죬㸴ӾͱŮˡ
æҵرסŮŮʵһֱʥĹ˿ͷǵ۵ۣı
۰ۿĵЦ˫ס˼
ŮԸԼ׽ļˣ̲סСҪ㲻Ůð
ҪŮҵŮð
ҪҵŮֵܹСʱڲǵˣȵ󣬳ƯĹСΪߵȻΪѡһλǿɿʿؼ޳ȥӡڶŮΧ뿪һҸ
Ůһһֻж̶̶ʮʱûиĸĺǻֻظʥ顣ȵ󣬻ҪزʶʿӣµкԷߣŮֻͬӵжŮ
Ůӻ˲䣬òԷϢȻԼмк³ģ
ţ
ǰ˫ʹൽ۾һ㶣ʱЩ֪롣
ŮԼŻˣ˲ԲۣԲ𡭡
̾˿ż¶һЦݡ
ȻЦ䵽ȴἫˣ̲ס
һֱ뿪۵ҲɴΡ
ʹԽ粻ͬŸ絮ʹʶǶ֪Լε
˵ŮִڣٿƲġ
֮ǣȴûǵķݡ
Ȼ㲢ĳˣΪҪ˵ĻӦǻۼˡǿɡ
-

455 ʥ

Ůĵ֮ΪģΪʶһֱǵעԴ֮
֪޷ǿŮò
˵ЩͨŮǻۣܴմ뱾Դ֮
Ȼʶȴһ鳣յö࣬͹עö࣬ĻᶼûС
Ҳˣ̸ϺãҲͱѰŮôһЩӰѡ
½һǳΣյ磬Ҫ֣ࡢҰ޺ޡ
ҰҲᣬǸܵͨҰ޽ӵбҰ޸ΣٶȶҰ޵ǿޣʹȻ
νȻڻиħЩûʲôģֻ÷ʽϸ΢
Ĵڣ൱ȻܹƥеĴڡ
һ߾ŮŮȻȴǿʥĽҲܹҰ޺⣬ʹǴ粽ѽ
߾ʿǿʿͬʹȻ
һУŮ𱣻ףʿΪʳ
ŮĽֵĵǲе˻ͨɼֳΪṩʳ
ˣ͵һŮǿĲ䣬ʿʵôͬʿǿĲ䣬Ů
ܲɣಿǳŮǿʿʵôĲ䡣
ŮĴڳýӻ䣬ǲʵ
½ŮԳŮûģҪӣҪʳʥϽʥ
ʥŮԽǿʥʥҲԽáõʥĸ׳ǿܹȻĺӡ
ȻŮĺӲõģŮٷ֮һŮҲܹƿȻ
ʮ
ӭʥһһȵĽڣಿһƬ֡
Сһڲɼһˣһ߲ɼɹջǳССıѾ˴ˡ
ƣʱƽʱϵôĶ˹ݸһȭͷСĺ㡣
üȴӣʲôû쳶һͷأɱΪһԭ
ǸЩŤԴȥŮ𣿡
üҲУҲŲҪȥһ˵ģǸС޲һ߿˵Ƕͷˡ
Щ꣬Ϊ۵Ľ룬ಿĹظ˺ܶࡣԭಿʥ˵Ľأײܹȥġ
ˣŮҲǲ߳ʥֵġ
ЩŮʵʵһӴʥС̫ˣǵʥɲǻ۵ʥԭװȻܹκԵ뷨Ƕ֪ҲֻһƬʥ֡
ۿɲЩʵŮȻԸһֱʥֲ
Ȼû취
֮󼫺˷ƣʱʱƴȥʥ棬ĶҲ⡣ǻСȥʥ׽Բأö֮Щؾˡ
̫Сˣ䲻˵ŮǲŮҰĸ˵ˣ㲻ܽлŮģӦøһ
ôƺһǰҽģ⣬Ҳ⣬ʲô£
۾ˣȻ뵽ϰĸҧҧԷƵͷƣȥŮɣһʥ
ĸոȢ˰ɩɩ岻ãʥҲϺӡҽʦ˵ˣܹŪʥɩһܻС
ʥÿʥģȻΪŮǿÿ궼ٿʥܹ䣬ˣɩܹ䵽һʥѾˣ˵š
ʥ棬˵ÿŮﶼʥ
ԣĥȴӻŮõһʥǾˡ
УҡͷʥҲõģܸ㡣
䰢ɩҲ֪ûͬ顣
Ƶﲻֹɩһй涨ŮҪʥ֮ʥ
ңиʥϼǷ䲻ʥġ
˵ˣزƻ
˵ˡ
ƲƲĹϵãҪΪȥ飿
ƾı뿪ˣ۵һ˳
˶ȥο֪龭֮ȴûһͬ뷨
Ҳѣʥô㣬˶ˣпܵò
ؼ֮ǰȥʥһˡ
߰СŮʥȴĲ죬ûʲôҵǿýɫʥ
㣡ƺһ
һ̣һӰƮ
-

456 

ϸܹ֣۵ʵϵŽɫĹ
㣡۾һɱ˹ȥ
΢΢һЦôˣ
ƺٺһЦ±ϵıݹȥԼɵģ㡣
Ҳûƴǣֱӽӹһĸɹ
ߵߣŻ۵ֱۣ˵˽췢顣
üûǴĻǷʥӣ
Ƶ˵ͷжһʮʥȥ껹š
ʵ֪ڽһС֮˳
ʵϣÿµǲʥڿռеģʥЩӼֵҲǲľϣҾ߻ǳʺϣȻҪڿռֲһ
ߵĺö٣ﲻԻǲɼõõǲ֣͵
˷һĸɹصһֻ¹ȷŵճıûȥ
ҲûùϣȻ˰㣬Ҹ˵һʱҪ
ԭ⣬ϾڣҲûͲ֮Ľ⡣ʥΪ˻ȡһЩмֵĶĻҲǿԽ׵ġ
Ȼ
䣿üȷ
Ƶ˵ͷʲô𣿡
СѾͷһ¶ҡҡͷû⡣ƻ̫СЩ鲻ʺ֪
ûٸ˵䣬ΪֻǼɵ
½ĲССϰٸȻģʢŮĽಿ䣬ûŮˡ
ǵģһûŮĲ䡣
ɲҪ˾;ûŮСˣ෴ΪûŮǲżǿ
ϾһûŮܹ˵ʿжôǿ
ˣûŮԵġ
ΪʿŮӣµŮԷкԼߣˣǲȻûŮˡ
ҲΪʿŮĺӣǵǿ֪
Ůһ꣬ÿͻһµķڣ˷ڣŮͻֻ˰ڲȻҪŮҲô׵ġǸʱʥſֻ֣ƿֵʿʸŮΪӡ
ڷںʿŮºӣкʹߣŮ¡
Ӵ֮˱һģⳡ¶ˮԵҲʹ˽
ٵĸǶŮģĲŮִķ޲ûвǻһ񼫺һ
ΪŮѡҪĸӡ
Ϊһ䣬ݷýಿ䣬Ҫ˵Ůûйϵš
ƻûߣƨߵܹˡ
̫ˣҰ㶼ңСߺߵص˷һۣǰס˻۵ֱۡ
ʲôƲ飬˵
ӣ۵ҽаȥԷ
ºԼ˵ˡ
۵˵ͷá
ܵҵʱѾһĲˣŮ۾һŴЦ
Ļϲıȴίʵ㲻Ϻá
ͷ⡣
ŮԴȳ극ɢ
֪ºͰ˵Ƹû˵Ҫȥ
Թ۾͸żȥˡ
Ҫ˵£߳һξ룬ۿʵ
ͷҡͷⲻǰ⣬һϢ
ʲôϢɻ
üͷжΨһŮˣڼƻһŮû´Ӧǿ㡣
ˣһŮֲ
ϾŮʥ֮󣬿û취תƵġ
˵ͷԷǴ㽫Ǳ˸ϳȥ
۶ʱüͷĻ鷳ˡʥΪĸ棬ֻҰ޺ޣ࡭
Щжʿǳǿ󣬵ǽಿʿͲˣʱ򡭡Ҫþ赲ǡ
۵ǲ⣬ģӦò󡣡
ģȴġȻȻҲʹȻ˵ʵʵҲһ㣬ڲǿжʿȴЩġ
ĵȴŮܲӮǡŮǷܹԵ
Ů屾ŮΪǿĹϵ֮ŮֻǶþ
ûǣʷвһλŮΪþ赲УӶġ
⻰˵Ͼ˵ˣĻۻҪȥ˵ˣܻ¡
и׼󣬳仰ǲ֪˵ʲôˡ
ϣ̲סǿһЩ
-

457 

ȴڵǿҲûá
ıʱհˣܱܲôˣ
ǰһȻжȻǿ󣬵ǵʿҲǳǿ󣬾λȻʡҲһȻʣѲɻܴùλȻʣ
½ܹʹȻ˱֮ΪȻʹӵ͵߷ֱ𣬷ֱǣȻͽȻʹȻȻȻʡ
ȻִǼϡٵģҲ˵ԱֻȻȻʵ䣬ѰУ˵ȻʣȻǷǳټġ
ಿ䣬еĸȻѾǿսˣֱҽʦ٣еһʿԼ
ΪϵĴڣΪǻ۵İѾڽһˡ
˼صļȴǿÿĺܣӹһɫ޲ϲ̵㿴鲼ãҴͷٸϵһƯ
Դʥģԭ֮󣬲˺ǼʶһҲų˸ִŻжǴ¹Ӱʲôġ
Ȼˣ޲ͷЩݳˡ
Ū޲ü
޲ⶫɲŪ޻СҼ㹻޻Ҫߣٷĳ޲Ҳ׵顣
ڽಿ䣬Ҳɼ޻Ͻ컻ȡʳȻټиŮ߷Ĳ
ЩĳĲҲŮϣѰûʸõġ
Լܵġ򴽵˺üֻô㡣
ԼŮ·ĳܹ궼ˡ
ҲŮõģĻôá
ֻһŮ
ΪŮŸҪ
üͷﲻȱ޲ǷƸǶûд޲·Сġ
ǵģֻһ
ҡͷٶ޲ҲĸġڷƺͶҲǣҼܳһ޲һ·ù˺õģһֱô죿ҵȥŪ
̾˿˵ôɣʵƫĴŮ
Ȼ˵ʵѵͲƫ
ǵһӣһһŮ
ǿԣϣݵûκֻʣ¹ͻЦ
ж˻ûе˾ǰˡ
磬ʥ֦ϴ˯ʱ򣬶Ҵ˹
㰢㣬ʿˡ
۱ûȤ˷ܣųȥˡ
Ȼǿ󣬵Ϊ粢Ե͸Ĺϵ
ʱಿܶ˶ˡ
Ȼֻ߰˰ˣÿһȻʹ
㿴ǵļ⣬Ŷǿӡ
ҵǾǵƶͣ޶

ԶԶģ۾ͿʿӲſ߽Ǵ󲿷ֹŰӣżҶƶĶڼϣƤȹ
˵ʵִڻۿִȻò˵Ϊ뺷ʣĴ粻ѿԳ˼ҰԵ
ʵϣಿһҲǳ档
ϴಿ仹ʮǰҼǵòġһֵôһôı仯
Ȼʲ֪ˣ
ಿλŮ˲𰡣ʥԭλhŮ˺üɣ迴˿ܵ
ҲһǺ£ǻꡭ
̾˿Աߵӵɶʱ̰
Һߵ游Ҳʮ꣡
Сˡʮ㰢Ͱˡ
㶼˵һٱˣƨҷ߷ߵ
һΪҰҲ̫ˣ۸ҡ
ûƲƲ
ҡҡͷתͷֶҵ츳֮ʷǰŮҪѪҲסŮǿ㲻Ҫˡ
Ҳ˵ϲˣҲŲҪء
ǣŮһһᡣӵĿ˾ƢŹ֣ҪôΪǡ
˯һڵŮٸ˵⻰üŮбڳˣ֮е飬Ͼһʥ֮У֪¡
˶٣̾˿ԣҪǺ㰢ĸǲ㣬ֻǲĸ
±һ
̧ͷǱ
һŴĪ棬÷ֲԱݣ˿ȴСкĶӡ
·˸۵ܱûʶǿ
ҲŲ밢ĸءҺа游а֣Ųϡĸء
ⱾӦһ亢ӻȻı֪˵ѡ
-

458 

㣬ҲøһĽؿЩʿǿŻģ
ôˣಿȻܳаеʳˣЩԴĿ
㿴ǾȻޣۡһֻ¹ɣô󣬶һˡһҲ
ಿӹȻԴ۳󣬲˿ȲҲûٶˣ˵ʵΪʿʵޣǳԵ٣˵ˣʮ²żõһءˣٴ󣬷Ҳûˡ
֪ʥӰ˵ʣͼټȴܹ츳Ĵڡ
ʵȥԼֻ޸˳ԣȻ߳˲䣬֪ΪʲôŮڵĲ䲻Ǩ㡣
ΪһŮ߳䣬ʥҲῪʼƶ
Ȼ½˵ʥǲֲģͻ۵ĸ֪ȴġ
Ҳ֪ʥںǸģŮϴˡ
Ǻߡ־òܡԵĲ˵Ҫ֣ܹǨĻôಿ
쿴һֻֻȹ¹һ۾ָǰ
̧ۿȥȻͿһֻþ˵Ĺչԭֻͣ޵;ǧֹ
¹սʨһޣֻ޵ʵҲĶȥˡ
㿴㿴ŹľȻǸСͻȻ˾棬ƯС
һҵ󹫼кӣȻͱ޵ˡ
ܶ˵СȴˣǾǸСк
˺ԱۼӶͷһؿ
䡭һȺжһƯʫ续ˣԲһô
ҵĶܺãױС֮ΪС
ˣʱðɵؿ˹ȥȻһ̣ʹסˡ
ң¼վһֵؿ˹
Ȼ˳Ŀ⣬ͿǸһǳҺɫ޲ȹŮ
ŮǷǳģƤȱѩҪףϥںڳƮɢţѩ磬ǳЦݶ֮
Ȼ
üһŮ
һ漴۾ˣ˵ģŮ
Ȼġ¿ڵ㿴ϴ·֪ˣ޲ɲ˭ܹģ˵Ⱦɫ޲ˡ㿴Ƥ׵һѪɫûУŮûˡ
ԥµǲ˵Ůֻܴʥ𣿡
ҲˣЩɵҲʲôǲ֪飿
Ҿ˰κŮͲŮãҿֱӰߡ
ʱź֪õǿ˼ˣһŵ㿪ʲôЦˣ
˲֪ǻ˵ǲ䣬ʵһ壬໥֮䶼ѪԵϵġ
ҲˣȱĲҪǿҲࡣ
ԴȭͷϵûϵֻҪҴ游ܵ峤ˣ峤ǿԸġ
㿪ʲôЦõҧ峤ܹ棬¹Ĺأǲĵġ
ҾͰ˶ſ¡˶٣ֲҲҪ츣ˣֻ츣ԼˡԺ˭ǿ˭ͿȢţ
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һ£ȥ¡
СӵԶԶòӶɳ
ΪܵõԵʣ۸ĺӴöѵóһȺӱ㶼Χ˹
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лл΢Ц
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ȻڻۿԼĸı䣬ǶŮȻ𾴣ȴȱصġ
˴ľ͸мûвϧɡ
һԹһϷͶȥһСԴͻȻǰ
ңʲô֣ûԱ޵ϹŴȻϲõЦݣ۾ɾңû۵һӱ
ǻۡü䣬Цŵ
ϳˣǰк֮ǰŴ󹫼Ǹ
ι˭Σǰδеĸߣվڻǰһ˵
˵ˣ˽ӽ㣬Ƕ˺㡣
ԭһŰС߿ȻһԻ۵ĳƺʱˡ
-

459 ̺

Ϻεί۲ɱЦˣȻӭ˶ԷԹĿ⡣
ȴЦøˣЦɿ
㣡ŵץס֡
ҲԣȻһ̣ͿۿſſȳһѪ
һѪ
һѪ
ҲЩΣû취ڵΪ̫౾ԴĴлϲĽʱҪȸѪʲôġ
Ȼ⿴УȴʵΪʵǿĲ²⡣
ʵϣ˵Ȳ˽ȴԱκһŮҪ
ô˵ʱȴûԸšǵҲǳ㣺ûŮô֪Լǽ
ߣ½˵֪ҲΪѪһȽص¡
˵壬ҲˣĬϴҰһˮޡ
ҿµѪȴŻˡ
㡭ͻȻӦֱԽһѽ۱£Ҵȥ̺ӡ
˶ûӦʹŻֱӷɵ˸߿գգ۱ʧˡ
㣡طӦŲԶ첻ˣ˰Ѱˡ
ڸ˵䲻仰ȿ˵Ƕ˶ˣʱ˵һ㣬ô£
ʱ򣬲ֹǶҲӸոյıлعˡ
ǸСһƯкӰѻŮߵġ˵кһЩ֪ûŮģԲҳöƯҲ֪к
ŮѪˣ˵ҪŮȥ̺ӡһϸĵŮӸŲ
˿Ȼȴɽ
Աͬ±Ƶļ죬һ£ǽŮһ
᲻˵µԼӣԷûһʦæһ֤ĺӲ£ģһʱڰѻŮһ
ʵϣǿ䣬ٶ಻ûɲõļȶ֮ǰǲҶԶԷʦġ
һߣۻعʱ򣬷ԼѾ뿪ˣȻŴߴķ磬ɵĿȴͻȻҪһ¡
ҵĲӣգգ۾ʵ֮ǰ˵̺ʲô
Ⱳļʶ治࣬ಿȻģСΪʵĹϵ֪࣬һֱϰ߲Щ¸ŮġȻҪŮеʲôԸ˵ǵļʶʵҲǳޡ
㲻֪գգ۾ֵ̺һ֡
¶ɻԴͷʼ:ʵϣеȻʹҲãҰеҲãЩʵֵһ֡
Щ֮⣬һֽءνأʵǵԵ黯
ܹҰ黯ļʣǸصĴڡ
˵̺ӣһˮͬһĺǿޣǵȽ˳ץ֮Ϊ黯Ҳǳº֮͡⣬̺ӻǸӡΪôصˣֻҪ̺ӽһϣڶܹȬ
̺ӣ𣿡ۺ
кܶࡣҿڵһɽӰɽﳣֻҪ߽ȥͻʧȻǻǻѻ̻򳤵ʱ߳߳ˣ֮ܽǰʲôգĽᣬܹõ
أһڴҽһЩһء
˵øˣ½ϵľͷһɽɽﱣȵĻ棬˱˳֮ΪɽɽΣգǸȻ֮׺ǳߵȻʹȥһʱھͻһּ֮ʵõ
һƬǻǻһεģֻҪ߽ȥԶڡֻҪһ£ͻᱻͳͳˣӴԺԱѩȻĿԾܵõܴߡ

˵˺ܶܶأø˼ˣȻ֪ģ˾̺ӡ
̲ס̾Ư
ǰ̺ͬһ㣬Ʈɫˮͷǧө棬ƻá
Ҵȥѿڵ
Ȼ֪Լûˣ̺ӶûκЧʲôû˵ǣ߽С
ʵϣ̺ӲôýģЩ޹ȻԸ˳Ը˳֪Щ߶ǲ⣬ûǵˣһǵأͻܵ
֮⣬ЩҲǺġ
Щǰ̺˵ޡ
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460 

ҲŴŻ߽ķΧһֻ޴ͻأ֣żȳͬž⵶ˢؾʹ˹
Ҫ֣һԵȴ֣׳ıͻأطɳգ۱㽫˸Դ
䡪
ʮ׳ʬ嵹һ޷׷˿
ʼգҵֶû۷ſЦŵ£ڣ˭˲㡣
ȵ̺ӱߣû߽ˮУԼһԡ
۱Ϊˮ䣬ǳϵǣůˣůڣ·Ķһƽ
֪۾ͱ۾һһ硣
Լ˹ʱ򣬿ľǻۿڼϣ˯һȻģ
ңô£ϽѻŮͻȥȷˣں
ŮȻԵϣʱͲˣ˵ǰѻ
Ȼ߽һǰвıĽŲ
⡭
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Ҫ裬ͼĪкѹ˪˯ˣǲҪ
游˵ĻŮݣҲֻйһ飬ǲ⣬ʱû˼ȥ⡣
ڣȫעڻ۵ϡ
Щ¡
ǡǰкŮ񡭡ôоһģһ
ֻǸδɵĳСӡ
üڵλСֵܣѻŮǡʥѾŻŮתˣٲȥ˾ҪΣˡ
ʵϣ˰æֻὭಿѾǳɹˡ
ɲΪֱüңҪԣ
ֻܲʲԸؽ۴ˮбŵ˰ߣЩ˽۴ߡ
ӵˣ
Ҳش𣬼ϰߵģûӣһֵֻࡣ
ϰ߲ˡȴڵһֱߡ
뿪ɡĹ˭ܸı䣬ʷΨһһϣͻȻʵˣҲ⡣
Ҵ֮󿪿ڵҪ
û뵽ӾȻ뿪䣬üҪ֪һŮʮ꣬ͻߵͷµȴҪڸõĹ¶
˶٣ǸʱҪỶӭ㡣
ҲʮӾͻҲˡ
ѹʱ򣬷ԼѾصʥϣ˵ĸоЩʧ䣬ҲЩȻ
ı飬Ҫһļʱ˵ˡ
ǿԣҲҪŮܹڵģʵ²㣬Ҳܹɽתһתժһ仨ˮεժһŹӣҲǿĵġ
ȻʵǣܴŮȥΪʥתƣ˻Σա
ʱһ˽Ůţһϲ̵㳢ĸ⣬õŶѡζĲλһܺóԡ
ЩǸոԵģΪ̫࣬һЩ
ϼıԶǣȴǵ͵ֹɡ
֪Լ㣬ҲģŮܳԺúȺôá
ġ˵ģǡǸûϢİĸֻ취չ˺Ůڸġȥ˼࣬ǻĲţ²ȥȴܹչ˺µĺӣȥʱܰġ
⻰Ȼпᣬȴʵһλĸȫģܼİ
㿪ĵģ۲Цˣĸգһġ
ҲǹάⱲӵСĸⷽȷʵһ֣ķ˻Ƿ·ǳ
ڻйռЩ󣬵ҲѾϺˡ
һֱ۳ԺãԴ˯ɡ
Ҳȷʵۣûһ˯ˡ
ԼߵľȻҡ
ôˣ̲ס¶ЦݣȴҲɻ
ȻʥڲвǽˣɲΪ̤
ץ֣ЦҸ游˵ˣڽಿ䡣
˶٣Ҳͬˡ
۶ʱˣ㲻ڸҿЦ
ǡҿЩɬۣһֱ㣬ԺӺòã
ôֱ˵ġΪǱװɣۻǵһȻȴûԥֻá
ֻܸЩ˼ǿڵ
áϵЦˡ
ȴ⧼ˣ죬ҪǸС𣿡
ȻҪ֪ڽʲôֻҪŮ꣬¾ͱⲻˣҶһƬģο
ļѾӦֻҪԸͻ赲ж䡣
-

461 ϲ

ʱ˵ˡ
Щӣһֱж£뵽˵ʱǻΣգûҸ군Էжʲô㣬ҲƴΪŮĻۡ
ȻѡĻҲ
ŮͶ̣ôݵʱж޷ӵиĸ顣
׻Эˡ
ֻǣվЩˬģڵȻˣǲΪǸ׼һס
סʥǲеġ
ЩεѾͬ죬Ǻסʥˡ
ȻҪ˼ҳȻһòûС
ֲöΪԹʲô
ܵʥֵʱѾúԼסˡǳ򵥣ֱԱߵʥϴһСľݣСҲһŴֻܹ˯֡
һӿСӵҰġǴ˯ʱ򶼸Żۣ
֪ǻ۵İ֮ЩΡ
塣ԴЩغ
ҪΪһ־öһЩݣԻ˻ֵҿ۸ۡ
ģһԻۺõġһر֤
㣬ﵽ׻һЩ
º¹ңҿӹò
˵ţ̲סһܣȻǸŮûΪɣ
ûСҷ˸۵㰢ĸɱǣҵĻۡ
ȷһŵҼŮֲֻҰĸŮҼѵˣһǺദģ
ҶһߴеƤëһߵۿɺˣŮ˶á
ģЩҪҵʱҲӣҶӾаĸ
һ仰û˵꣬ؾ˿֮䣬¾ͱȥ
һƤë
ã²Żͷһŭʲô˼ǲǺû!ʱĶͬĸϵҲܸ׽
ѾӦˣԺֻӡɱڵ
һҭЩɵ˵ģ
Ҳˡ
ȴԼ˹治ƭңѾĽ
ҵͷԻһ˵ģ
ðɺðɡЩɥôҾһõŮء
Ǹ÷ŮǺܺ𣿡ҿڵ˵Ƥȹ
ͱˡһӦı飬ûƤȹʲôģģŻɣһ·µٵˡ
˼ˣԴ۾ʲôᣬҲ
ԣµıЩŹ֣ôԼˡ
һƤȹȻˣǡһݵ֪Ǵʲô𣿡
ʲô⣿ѾƤëˣҩˮȡʼԲɺ
һ񺮵ҵ˨ӵ֡
÷ŮӴ˵ŮΨһİþָС
Ϊûм䣬ѾһˣҲʲôˣ֮ͳΪһ̸
Ҳ˵ˣϲ̵ȻҵĻۺã˭Ȳϡ
һı֪Լ򲻹Էֻܰס
۴ʥͿһ˵Ļĳɵغң
ȥʵͷûкҸ׼ķˮ
ΪԵʣÿ˯ʱ䶼ܳһҪ˯ʮСʱ
ˡЦŻش漴ؿǱŵƤëڴƤë
ҵͷŪ˶ڴϣůͿˡ
üǺѴë˴硣ⱲӴŶƤëЩһϾ״硣
û뵽£ЩʧǾԼðɡ
˶٣ܿƤëȥŪ˿ǸҲܱůҼǵñһɵĲȺ
۵ǵ̫Զˣ˰ɣ޻Ҳů͵ġʵȱЩ⻯ʲôŪ
ֻϰ˵һȥ򲻵ѲҪκκͬĵط
Ǿ⻯ռ֮ЩܲþͲá
޻ö˲ůͣ˾أŻû£Ӿ̫ˡҷԵ
ʱҵ˽˿в٣ǴԼ׼ģڿʱòţҪĻȥãʱٻҾˡ
˵ţӼҶȡһ˰ƴĴӣȡĲ˿
ǴӺܴԼĪװٽû⡣
Ȼ󣬻۵ĿȴǸڴϣһʲô
-

462 ͮ

۵עȻˣҲɫסĿ⣬ȻҴôθ֩θƳɵġθܹ֩±ȱʹٱʳľССθⶫȻõãкüҪҪĻҸһ
ЩҪȻ
θɵġǲЩģ
İɣϴɾġһӲ³ĵطæһؽ޹壬Ǹط۹ҳףҴϴģԾԸɾ
Ҫ۵
ȻӵпռʵҪҴûнռ䱩¶˿Ĵ㣬Ҵȴܹæһˡ
һֱִңЩ鲻Ըؽۣܵ£ǻۡ
ãµıдżִ
۵Цá
ֻ۶ЦñԼ䵭ˣһӾͿˡ
в˿ûã𣿡¼⣬ɱ㿪ڵ
ҿڣ۾͵ûϵԽҰĸŪıӿɺˡ
ԣûȴЩȣûǴĻλŮŮģ
ȻԼĸϵ
ҲаĸʵǺ棬̲סʵ
üҲһˡ
һаءϡ𣿡۵
ǣֲư͡Ҳŵ
ҲǸ˼ӵҲʶһĸֻͨ˵ŮԼĸĸûκ磬ƽʱҲֻǵͨĲڡ
Ȼ˼ȴûн͵Ĵ㡣
ʵϣСʥֵŮȷʵ͸ĸ׽ĸְڲĹزԽʥ֣˫׽Ҳ׽
˸ӣҲû⡣
գ۱һ¹ȥҲڽಿһ¡Ȼжȴǳٳûе
Щסˣֱҵٹж仹ǾҪ뿪ˡ
ϰ˵Ĳ䣬ǲûй̶Ĳص㣬һҪʮסʱʱģʱڱĲš
һ£Ѿܹļʱˡ
Ĺزơ
Щŵ֮жأ
Ӧòᡣûв´жӦ֪ǴǣŲҹʮа˾ţǻĿˡ
ԲţȻ˵ڶ죬Ϣ˵жׯһ˫ʵ£˭ûõá˫Э֮ϲһ䣬ĳɶ䡣
˿Ҳ䲻ˡ
뿪ĵڶ죬ಿĲɼһֻɽףˡ
Ϊ˲ﻹһȷֻ⣬ǼҲֻ˵ˣصǸҲǻһѹˣŷ
Ȼû֪һѹ֮ѾԭǸˡ
ͮЩɲشΧĻԼȻˣصಿ仹ûʱˡ
뵽ڽҪͷСԴİͰĸ۵׻һĨӡ
ʱ򣬾ͿŮڴϷҲûж룬ֻŮײԴܣˣͲҪȥɼˡ
ͮڼеĲһʿСõġ
û뵽ԼȻŮ
ļУҲȷʵһŮǸŮͮǽѩ
Ҳ˼ҪŮͮģȴǲҺŮײ
ûϵˣѾŮˡ
ţ̲סЦ
֪ͮʲôʱˣ̲סģ֪ж仹жòŻᵽ
ΣһΣ취ҵȥԼȲķ
Ȼ߳ȥͷֲˡ
ǽಿ䣬еĽಿ䡣
ӻЩȻЩſڷŵĹ߻ûˣݶϻһֵĶ̴ѣ
вˣ˲ٹŰӣҲ鲼·°ҲƤȹһĶǿӣ
֮⣬Ҽһǰſڶ߲ˡҲʥԶԶֵĵأȴľûô
ǶǵĽಿˡ
ǡʱǰһԽע⡣
ơЩӵغ֡
ͮп˹漴Цû°ɣԴ𣿡
ˡͮЩɵػش
ûƽ͵ģļУСÿĿ͸һ
ΪѰĸ͹Ķ˻ȥ
ǸʱԼΪﲻԡŮѲɻȱЩ
˵Щ粿Ϲġ
ΪͨڵͶҲ޷Ҫͽ
ǸʱǵģĵĶӡ
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463 

ͮʵһֱԸ鲻̫⡣
ʼǲŮ˿񣬶ʹƣκκöҲһʱϹ
ЩȻ顣
ʲôǸĸ
ЩСڸĸߵʱǻЩ΢Ĳˬֶܿ
ֻиĸǺãȴһ˶á
ֱж֣ΪŮǰ棬ñ㲻ϳľֿǵĽ
Ѫһһӿڶ۱廭棬ֻڽŵĺǶڸ˵
ͮŮͣ
ͮŮټһ£
ͮŮˣ

֧ŵú࣬оҪʧʱͻȻ
ְͮɣ
ͮҪٱˡ
ڵˣԭóƺǰĸǰڲأҲֱֻ֣ܹͮŮ
Ҳǵһ˽֡
ĶȻ˿ʧȥʶ
ûпĸԹ޵Σûпͬɱĳ
ѹһжˣҲжŮ
ж˵ײԭͬǲҵҲûжغ⡣
Ȼ˵ڱ⳰Цûй˵͵
̺½λİĲ֣սĺŽǴ죬жܿͱˡ
һΪŮݵԱסԼҲӶ֪˺ܶԭ֪ܡ
ͮ㲻ڼϢҪȥģƺʵ
ͮһ㶣Щҳߡ
Ҳûж룬ֻǵҪȥʥ𣿡һСǾԲȥʥֵġͮһһɣĳ衣
ߣҲǿڶԷ˵ķϡ
ͮȴˣ˵ȥʥ֣ʥֵطΪͨ˵ǿԽȥ
Ȼ԰һֲֵͮǵһȥôֵ⣿
ͮЩεӣûҾЩЩԺԺĺѾ亹ˡ
ҲûĻǼʵҪһȥʥ𣿡
ȥȻҪȥͮҲ
ͷôʥأ¡
ȵȣͻȻʶһ£ಿôı仯ǹȥԼԼ
һʱ䣬ͻȻֲ
ͮǲǲɫ԰ףƿʵ
ͮҡҡͷûСֻȴЩס
ȻЩģҲ˵ʲô
߽ʥ֣ͮɫͱˣԶԶʥǿʥ˶ˡ
ôǽɫʥ
ǲ߼ʥ
ϱӣҲǽʥɰɫжİҲֻһ˥ϵŮʥǽɫġ
ͮƻͷվԭزͮôˣ
ҡû¡ͮ򴽵Ǽ߰ɡ
뿴ڽಿλʥŮǺηʥ
ȻͿˡԼ
ֺͮǲԼ
ܳһǡͮԸϣʵǶԷƯ౶
Ư壬ǸεĶ·꣬ĴݺʣЩĿ
ͮȴĿֻš
Լġȥ
ֻߣǰλ֪Ů˭ʲô
ơ˶٣۵Ŀ䵽ͮϣЦͮɣ
ǵСŮһᰲǷƻǶϲ
֪ͮԼʱӦûشԷȻǡ֪ǷóƺԷͮŮ
Ҳ֪ԭֽͮŮǾܸͬġ
ȻǣƺͶֱԷ㣬Ͳ֪Էְ
ǣ֧֧죬ȴһֶû³
˻۵ע⣬üһ¶ԷЩɵʵ˭
񻹲񵱳ʥһֱӿ˵꣬ôܹӦһġ
ͫһŮȻڻ۵ĸӦУԷһŮˡ
ҡĪĴˡ
ͮʱˣƺͶҲһĪ
˵ʲôƳɵ
ͮͻȻӦˣԷӵнɫʥ˵ԷѾɱˡ
Ůɱ֮ǻӵзǳ˼ġ
ûǴĻλλӵŮܹ֪˵뷨ʥҲֻת͸ɫȲɫҲǽɫ
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Ҹô죿
ǲҪˣ
ͮһãȻ
ֶԷȻԼˣҲＫˡ
ƺͶȻȥлҪͮ˵
Щˣǲ鲻ԸشŶ뿪ˡ
-

464 ãȻ

ССӰʧ۵Ŀ䵽ͮϣ˵ɣ㵽˭
ͮĿ⸴ӼˣʶԼ˶ԷҲûͶԷ˵ѡԥ£ʵʲô𣿡
Ȼ⣬ҲҪ鷳ҽлۡ
𡭡ͮıЩɬҽͮҾ㡣
˶٣ҼУòһģһҵĸĸҵãҵĵܵܡҲһŮ
ǻҲ̲ס¶ȣһµ㲻ڸ˵Ц
Ҳϣ˵ЦͮЦ
صȥĸǸĸˣòǵˡ
˭˵ȥ
ӵĴڡ㲻ŮҲûϵȴҪٿһ۵ĸĸ
˼Ǵδڵģ
ͮ˵ͷ
ǽ˵˵ľ𣿡ۿڵ
㲻Ҳ˵ġͮҲϣಿٴ
ٴ
üû˵ʲô
ͮ˵˺ܳܳʱ䣬һֱûпڣȵ˵ˣſڵ˵ʱಿոʧȥhŮ֮޺Ұս
ͮͷȻˣΪ츳һ㣬Խ粢󣬱ԭhŮĽ绹ҪСһЩȻ˴󲿷ˣкܶʿˡ֮󣬽ಿҲһ겻һꡣ
ۿڵڵĽಿ䲢ˡҳʱ򣬲˻ûи޺Ұ޶սʥ缰ʱ˴ҡΪҵʥܴ󣬲˿ڴ״
˶٣ЩεȻҵʵǲô
ͮ۾û뵽һʼûС
˵ж֡ЦЦû´ĻӦòֲˡ
Էһţ͵Ϊ֧Ԯж˶ǲ֣תѡ˷ׯ䣬佻սܾˣ˭Ҳκβ˭󲻵òϲɶ䡣
ͮˡ
ãڵˣҲҪ취ʥĻ½ع̺½ಿͬٲ
ȴһ򶨣ո˵üԣܸϸ˵һⷽ𣿹ʥԼνı̺½
ͮ½ʵֻǱ̺½һǣֻǺߵʮ֮һ˵ǧǰ֪Ϊ½˱̺½ǲ֪̺½Ĵڣ̺½ȴ֪½Ĵڡ½λʱ򣬼̺½½ĥ䣬ûκһ⡣
ЩսܵĲУŮͨ˶Ϊū
ڱ̺½ŮǻԼʥģʥǿҲԽԽǿԽԽ½Ůһ֮ǵЩȻʹһҪͨҪ
˵Щӵؿ˻һ۵ʥŮʥʱɫȻϵӣ𽥱ɰɫɫ͸ɫɫ
ǽɫʥһͷһ˵
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޵ʬ壬߸صǡŮʬ塢Ȼʹʬ壬Լʥͮشʥ֮󣬲ŮʵӣʥҲǲֲġҡ
ԥ£˵Ҳ֪ûз֣һ£ʥǻʧġ
˵ۻûϻص̺ӣ˵ʥתƣֻҲóֲǡ
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⡭Լʥɽɫʥˣʥˣ
ͮʥչأҲ״ˡ⡭
򴽵ʥһûзЧʥȻʹʬ壬Ժܹٿһˡ
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ۼֱ²ܡ
ұ֤ͮ˵Щ϶⡣Ĳ˵϶˽ġ
κϱǸаģҲԲó֮ɱĹ򡣷ͲҪħθڣǸˣ
ο½֪ˣ紦ԭʼᣬ˿ڵķչǲֹۡԲеҲֹ
ڽɫ֮ϣûɫʥˣ۱Ƚ
ͮ˵ûУȻһ£ǵУ˵߼ʥǺڽɫģҲֻ˵
˼Ȼ̧ͷͮиʼû˵Щ棬һ𣿡
ʡͮҲҪʲô
̧ͷϱӵôģ
ҡͮʶҪڻشȻ˵һͷסˣһãȻ԰ôİ
-

465 ׶

ۻûôзӦͮԼͼˣһԼԴһôǵˣӦüǵõģ֮ǰûﲻԡ
Լͷȴٲµˡ
ΪԷˣ̶ֳȵĴˣֻʧȥŮԼһּ䣬Ѿϼˡ
˵ʲôһŵ
ЦЦ룬ͮܵ˿ûпȥ򵥡ûʵѾǵˡ
ԷƿĿ⣬ͮЩεӡ
ȴתͷȥ۵ǰҲòŰʥְ
һԸԻȻûڣȴһֵͬ
εģͼ졣
˵ˣҲ˵ʲôȴ̲ס͵͵ͮһۡ
̫ɶˣͮȻˡ
ͮüμˣ֪ҪúúͷԼദģ֪뵽ƺͶԻ۵ϲЩʧ䡣
ϸ룬ԼϱӾûиһɫҲѹַƶǱӲǱ۾۾ڶǺʵĮĿû¶ȵġ
˵ⱲӱϱѾ̫ˡ
ͮߣ۲Ҫʲôֻ˽һϱӵ£Ҳͬʱಿ˵һ¡
˵ջ񻹺ǲСĲ˵ܶûмֵϢڻ߿ȴˣ硪
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һЩԣĲ䣬ҼһūʲôֻҪū̱ȽϺá
̺½ǱߵȻʹʵ̫ǿΪǵŮʵǿʥ縲ǵǶ࿿ֳǴԻʳߵȻʹʵȻǿǣһռƣŮҲû̫ơ
ڱ̺½ŮȻҲʥֲǵʥָǲһǶŮȥ󣬱˵µʥʬ嶼ᱻŮʥա
̺½Ҳû취Ͼʵ̫ǿˡȻҪ˵ռıˣҲס
УǱŮȹڵķǲһսǱȥźŮĺӣŮԼͶ֮ᱻ
ĸ߲㣬ҲŮĶڵ
˵ͮıЩĽ
»۲ûңҲһˣȴ̲סߣתͷŻ۵㲻ѧ
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ҡͷҪʥ¾һҪء
š˵꣬ҾüɫλţǻȤȥ档
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ôˣͮЩǲȻʹʬ壬ԺͲֱʥԿˡ
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28ʱ򡣡ͮһ϶Ҽǵж䱻Ϯ¹һ֮󡣡
ҽʮꡣ΢΢Цģ㹻ʱ׼
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˵ʵ˵Ҳ˵ˣ̺½ӵнɫʥŮ࣬ԭİҲôһôڣಿİΣûġ
㻹ʥȻʹʬ塣ͮԷģ̲ס
ԭ⡣һô˵ɣһϱӵǺִʽйء
ʽͮˡ
ǵġ۵ԵĲ˵ޱǵ޵УʥǵʬͲ˵ˣҲ˵Ȼ飬ʵϲꡣȻʹҿɲű̺½ЩŮʥյЩȻʹȻġɱͬ£Υ
ͮƶǶȴʶҵʥûչȻʹʬ壬Ǳ²ŮڰĵλǲŮģҲҵʥȻʹʬ壬ӵи෴ǵʱ
ԣҲġ
ôǱǣġһ϶ʥķʽضʲô׶ˣ򲻵ѾԲ׳ԡ
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466 쳣

Դ۵Ĳ²֮ͮһֱЩġ
һԼģ̺½ôоʥķôǴأ
ǴģҲʥ޷ôǡ
ָ뷨дȻʱԽãȴԽã˵ģġ
ָоûɣоôƶ
˵ǵð˵ӵнɫʥŮӵǿС
νУܹжһµĶԴǷС
۵ʥӳǽɫģûŮ
ͨˣֻȴһ˵С
ʱһ·תע
˵ʲôˣͮɴ۾
۵ͷֵѵʲôϡ𣿡
ǣҾǡͮЩ״εǻѾҸû뵽
뵽µĵܵãǼڴ
֪ɽɸĸȴʲôû˵
ͮŮǻˣں˵ʱȻЩؾᣬΪΪ˹ڵۺ׾ͲµǰĹϵ²ãԲĸ͵á
ȻҲöԷʲôʮ飬ˣԶԷǵĻԼ²ô̹Ȼ
ΪʲôϹĶһָһ죬ͮŻʰ峤͹Ķֵ
ûв׻ô꣬񵽵ҲɵܿۺͼԼĸǳãĽǵɸĸһ֡ĸо
֮ǳչ˼
Ļۣǵ㶫
Ļֻ鷳û뵽Էʳô⣬һ˲Ȼ󿪿ڽ͵ΪŮԲὫõĶϹң޿ɺǣôöҶòꡣҿԽķָĺӣƫƺͶһЩҲ˵ʲôżչһ°ĸ͵ѵõĶ˱ۺҲʲô뷨¶иȣǽĶԼĸĸã˿ŮȴõŮеĴ
²λκʱ򶼿ġ
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ͬʱ̲סЦԼǡʲôء۲ֻʮ꣬Ѿĵϱӻ˼ʮ꣬ȴɺͿ
ȻȴۿڵҴҵҲù˼˵뷨ĸپܹĸ١
סʥ֮󣬼ÿ춼ȥԣԿɲЩʿһֻһЩҰʬʱеġ
˵ĺôԶ׼ȻϼߣһҲûпÿζֳ÷ƺͶȥ͹ȥ
ңͲĸǰúñ֣Ų⡣
㿴ԭ𣿡
ͮЩ£òſڵΪҴ
ľɲɵҲ
̲ס̾˿͵ΪЩԴǡ
ЩΪұϹҵģȫҵĶ֧Ȩǲȴô룬ֻðĸӦõõǵϹ۵Ц
ͮЩˣҲʵ̫ˡ
ٲǰһ¿ʼÿ춼ȥһˣ͸
ŮνĴ͸ʵһ־ϵİ͹ŮΪĹϵ嶼ܿҪǲģʳʥҪҲǱȽѵġֻҪϲ̫ſ־壬ܹ˳
Ȼ۸ףǲһġ
ô磬۸˵ֵսԼ㲻϶һǼƺһǿ
ֻҪ뵽buffûġ
һֻսá
ƺͶʱ򣬻۶ٲǰڰ壬Է壬öԷܹ˳̥Ҳ档
ҲˣҲãҲã嶼ͬ˽׳
Դˣ˿Уû뷨ģȴû˸ҵǰϹƱơ
ʵϣȻڶԼĸĸԼĺϱֵúºͣʵǸǿӲɡʥ־ͳʥˣʥֲǽأʥ־ͲǽˡмĸҲͽˣü˶ƣҲˡ
½ԴŮ̬㲻أŮĺ͵õҲȡȻЩñΪƽԼͲƽˡ
йص飬Ҳǲŵġ
֮ǰסʥ֣ҲȻû۵֮ͬŸҴӦġ
Ȼڻ۸̲ʱȴ˲ԡ
һ̥ĺƺͷųˣõ̲Ҳˣ۲òͷŸ
ʱûж룬ֻΪ츳
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467 ëȻ

ڰҹģΪ۵ǰ¼˶ŮҪȥǼʱõϢ˹ȥ
ͮҲͷ󺹵ظ˹
ΪǺӣǶ档
ҴҴȡһϣֲ֪ʲôطһȲ˹
ĲɵȲ裬ؿŲš
֪˶ãͻȻһӤ
˻ˣͻأģһʥݺεضһɾͬʱƮ
áҲŮ૵
ͮȴͻȻһëȻãҪʥ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥͿݺǿɫʥӳһӰŻ۳ʱǿʥЮȥ
üһ̣ʥĿĽɫâ˲㽫ǵӰɢ
ȻڳһƬ
ôˣôѪˣ
ͮüӲá
˼Ǵ׸ɾ꣬ҲҪʥġ
ҡ
˻ŵʥҲܹյ𣿡ۺ
ͮЩεԣȻ̺½ǱϽǻ˷żǻ
֮Բô˵ҲǲԷаȤ˭֪ðɣ˼ұԭˡ
ǽȥɡȥ
һ񣬶Է⣬ŷƺͶվ档
ôˣۺͮҲüҲö¶ȡ
½ûвְҵһ㶼ɷΪŮʥæ
۵Ŀ䵽ϣһճСӤȫͨ죬۾ţǻѪһһϢģ
ĸ۶˶٣Щ֪ôͶԷ˵
һԵͮȴΪǴҲ֮ǰڵǸӶ£Ů
۲ͮûֶ
ô˵
ˣǼüͷ֮ǰ˲ûǴĻͫƺ˵һҪʥ
֮ǰΪԼˣƺ
ţһݺȥȻݺɫʥԶһðСɫʥ
ĿһӻеӤڵȰ¡
ɷһΣȻ⣬ǽճŮŵһߡ
СӤʶȻΪ̫΢ȴʲô
ô£۵
̾˿óʱ򳤳һʥȻǿʥзɳһӰҪҵʥ̳ˡ
ȻûпǸ棬һֳҲ̲ס
ʥ̳𣿡һɵʵ
ԵġͮȲؿڵǻ۵ʥˣ㲻Ҳܵش
˶٣ǻʥʥˣͱɡ
ԣһ
Ȼ£ԱߵСӤµǲЩ᣿
ᡣͻȻڵĸµӣȻǸӤǸ߰ʮŮˡ
һΣͮҲһ
ֱֻ˵
ڼ𾪵ĿУۼ֮ͮ⣬ԭ鲻ǵˣȴĪ֪һЩǲ֪顣ո˵ʥգʥǿģŮʱʥɫģԱɰɫɫ͸ɫɫɫʥ֮Ůܹӵġ
ҲųʥǽɫģҲΪѣҲŷԼһЩصոֱӿӵסһ߰ʮŮ˵ꡣ
ͮ˿̫ˣһжԲˡ
֮ǰ嶯ʲô˵˳ź֪Լ˵ЩǶôûӡ
˵ģʱ˽
ʵϣѾһʱˣֻǿҴŷƺͶһ͵ģҲʶûдǡ
Ҳ಻סˡ
ǧȷ˶٣۲ſڵһЩ飬Ҹʱһ¡
˵ͷȻĿ⿴ϵӤôɱ𣿡
ԣ̲ס¶š
ȻѾӻ֪ӲŮ壬ǵѪġ
϶ԷȻҪϮۣȻӶԴȥƺЩᡣ
áҡҡͷȰŰɣ׼֪һЩǲ֪顣
Ҳû뵽ôϣȻҲҪɱˡ
ûзԣֻҾͶ˵岻á
˶٣򼫺Ǹְɡ
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468 

˵ΪŮӦΪȡġ
״һ鶼ûˡ
һۣڵͽٻɡǼƻãŮȡ֣֣ǸǸ꣬ǸԴѪӤġ
һԵͮͻȻ뵽һ£ԼǰĸȡģΪǻѾһǻḸĸѾȡ֡
ۣȴȡġ
һ룬Щˣͷ·͵͵Ӯ˻һ
ӹĶʵ
͹ʥְɣҲ˵Ļɡ
УڵǼԼͮ
Ҳŵ̫ˣǲ˵ոʥ𣿡
ûϵ˵ţǰŮӤпٳһŻƶСӡ
ǲʥʲô
ʱŮӤҲǿ֮ǰˣ۾һŭ
ģĻЩɻۺͮĻļ˲ȫǵĻ
ͮʱЦˣͺˣʥ֣Բҳ۶ӡ
ʱ賿꣬£ƣۿ֪˲ûжͣͱŮӤ뿪ˡ
Ϊøĸ˵ĻۻƸȥʥ֡
㣬治𣿡·ϣ̽ͷﱧŵŮӤʵ
ۻûش𣬵Ƕ۾ûոҪ˰ʥ𣿿ɱͬķġ
ԣҲ֮ǰĳһµصͷ֪ˡ
ʥ֣ۻûпڣʥͰ⣬Ա߿ٳһӤ
ͮյ˻ߵۣϽѲЩʥˣɱǸŮ˸ȡ
۵ЦЦģ˵Բᷢġ
һζͮʲô
ҡҡͷ
ʵϣٻڵͮһͬܵ˴ˣԷҪͮһЩ
ûв´ĻͮӦͬһ¹ġ
˵ãͮܵٻǣԲŻܴҲ
ֻ࣬ܵȶԷܹ֪֮ˡ
¾ͲøͮˣҲ뵽Լϡ
Ҳýʥˡ򣬵Ƚ½λʥ־Щ䴹ѡ˵ͮҲûǿֻǿȰ
ʵϣһʼֻΪĲ½⡣ǵȷÿжһʥ֮Ҳʼȫ½
ԣ˼ˣġ
ڸ׼ͮ˿Ǿ̫ˡ
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Щ⣬ȻȴֶԷԼ˸ڵӤҡ
ңٻĿ⣬ü
ѡҵġʥ֡ҡ
һ΢ڻ۵
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ٻĬãڵӣŮ
ʶǰͮȻһȷţǰ˲ԼʶǸͮ
ĽԶֱۣ˻һӾ֪Ӳٻ
ңûǴĻͮ˵ǸжĲǰ䡣
ô˵˵ϱǰʲôɡ۵ϵ
˵ˡ͡ҵġʥ֡𣿡Щѵʵ
ҡҡͷôܣ㲻˵Ļھ㡣
˵⻰ʱΪƽȴ޷еɱ
ԼᶨҲҰĻǿЦԥ£ڵ㡭ȸңĶ
ಿ䡣۵û
һǽಿ䣿
ǰͮȴ֪Ǹ޴ͮԷͮлۡ
һʣʥǽɫģôᡭ
֪ʱԱһýɫʥʱжྪȿֻͮΪԷһص˹ȥֻӵʲôԼʥ˽ɫ
öԽɫʥ˼Լʥ״Ǹͮж޴׻̰ˡ
ġ۸ɴҳʱʥǽɫġ
ӵɴ۾ɶԷ˵ѣȻŶԷ۾ȴ﷢ֲ˿ѵĺۼ
˽ģ뷨ϲԹɫıһԲῴһӵĻԡ
ôǣԷ˵ģ
һû
ˣ˵ˡȴڵʵĻҾҪûŶ
ӳĬãȻſڵ֪Ҳ١
Ǿͽ֪Ķ˵Ҳ͵
ȴţѵͮǱǣˣ
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469 װ

ֻһСӤۻǿӵϴ˿̴żãȻͳɡ
Ҳûдߴ١
֮ӲſڵǲŮɫʥɺڽɫʥһ죬䶼ǳܣЩŮǶ˹ȥΪŮӡ
һж˳ΪϢصܣҲûǰӣǡ
ĬãſڵŮʥɺڽɫһ̣һûüǿúڽɫʥͱħɱˡ
˿ֲǣЩŮʥ羹Ȼ޷赲Էֻһһ
üʵλŮܹͻʲô
ٴγĬˣڻۼֵĿ£׻ǿڵץ˰ľŮԷӵкŮͬȵĽɫʥ
Цһ֪
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Щ£ûиͮ˵Ǿӣ֪̫಻һǺ¡
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ңһҵôһ£
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Ӻһͣȴûжԥ͵ܸ࣬ҾͷΪ
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ʲô˵ԼͻȻ֮俪ʼԼˡ
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ǲܽ⣬ԼⱲӶû취Ҳûа취̤ʵأԶᴦã֮Уսս
ȴû̾ʹӦӵȻ˵ˣûб֤Ҳûð
ȴ׼а취֪һسŵʱǲ⣬ֱҡ
Щ⣬û뵽Ȼôоϵˡ
Ȼô˵ˣҲûлɣ֯һԣڵŮȻӦ֪Ǹʥ֮һϵġ
ӵ˵ͷǵģʥܸ֪ǵ뷨ʶ;죬ʵİ
˵ţ۵׻һĨȻ
ûвڵûҲһģʥҲܰȻ
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Ѿ֪ǰλ׵Ůжôɲ⣬Լı㱻ʶƣӻ̲ס̾һ
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˶٣ʵϣ֮˳ҪĸյǹҵʥֵԻָһЩˣҵ³̥С
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ӣҲ̲סЩţȴŻ۵Ļظ
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˵ȻԷ֮ǰҪʥΪ㲻䣬Ҫ˵ĶˣҲڡ
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470 

⻻Լʱ̣ܹԼҲҰٷ֮ٱ֤Լᶯ֡
ӵ棬ȡʥ֣ȻһԼľ
ʥֶŮҪ֪»ѾСģľҲټºûйԣỹһʹ࣬ͷð亹
ȴǿеʥ˼һ̣ɫĹâƶСʥΧס
˲䣬ӵɫͺ̧࣬ͷۣһŵôܣ
ڸոգʥ־Ȼ˸߰˰ˣʣµģ²ȥܣҲָˡ
ɲĿ⣬΢΢ЦЦ
ȻЦУͷ·˵ҵʵǰС˼
һ˲䣬ǵſ˸ͷıȫɢ
ЩʶģϱӾͺܵŮϲʲô¶ԷҲԸΪԷʵӵнɫʥŮҲ˽ⲻ١
ǣͬǿȴûмġ
ŮΪʥǿȻ˱Ծãû˵ŮɱĹֹˣǻõõģЩǳߡ
ĶѾǷǳõˡ
ˣǿĶĸëëꡣ
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۵Բֹˣֻʥ֣Ȼʥֶôģ
˵λӵŮ¸Ͷܴʥ޲ߡ
򡭡ʥŮô࣬һϢġ
ǰʥǽɫŮߵŮ߲һ
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Ҳ֪ΪʲôӶͻȻ
ϵͷε֡
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ͮԴ֪ǸǰŮ֮󣬾Ͷʮֵķ
㲻֪ǸŮ˺ܿµġģʵϷǳ¡ͮһԭҲΪǸˣǡ
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ͮҧҧ֮ǰ˵²ŮΡŮУҲ̫Ըңֻ⣬ԴҺͶԴŮûһơҺе֪ܹ˵֮ǰ㱻ҲΪ˼ಿ䣬˼ĸȻŮ
飬ȴµضЦҾáʵ̫ˡ
Щ̾Ϣͮʵ̫ˡ
˹Ȼ˾ȣҪ˵¡ǻ˵ϡ
һʱ򣬻ѧУʱ򣬵׽˵ų˼Ҫŵѵˣ
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ͮķ˵ʵЩЦõġ
̸ͮϺøл߶УҪ˵Ļмֿݡ
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ҲһҪͮĺ״ಿѾڣͮĸĸҲѾȥʵ˵˵ûζԷһ˼ģǸŮ˵һⶼûУǱɵ˾ˡ
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ΪͮԼӵĴߴ٣۵׻Ǹ˵ʥ¡
½ߣʥֵĴھ൱ŮĹأһֱǱǳ羴Ĵڡ
ڱ֪ҪЩȱʥյҲ̲סˡ
Ͳܣһ㻺תضûУƬ̺üʵ
ҡҡͷԼͮ˵ٹʮ꣬½ͻһƬԶǸĴ½ϲһƬ½ϣ䶼ôġ
˶٣ǲôȵʥ־ͻΪЩַǵɡ
һ
ȻµΣԡ
ûжԥͿڵҵʱ䣬ҵ취˵ҡ
ǽʥеʥˣڵһͻ
Ǵͳ뷨УʥȱŮıƲˣһ˷ѣҲǶȱĲء
䣬лһЩЩŮĺġ
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471 

һǳоϵ죬Ȼ֪ҪԣôǶѣһҪɡ
Ϊһԭʼ죬ûѡίһףֱټ˵¡
Ȼһ£һӦǷԡ
УЩʥȱģôܾյ
ǣ˵ƽõĺܶ๤ߣʥģûʥܶط㡣
˵ôû˵Ůʥܹʥ
԰û˵
ģҲûΪ˾ͽʥ̣ĵ

һһˣͮҪڣȴסˡ
ʵϣЩϵĿӲѺãͷ·Ǿ˼Ǳƻһ㡣
ǼˣԻ۶ȴûһ
Ϊ͵ʱȴҲڸ֪ͨ¡
ʵϣ˵ˣܿͷˡ
Ϊ¸Ͳܡ
һ˲䣬˶ˡ
Ȼعȴû˵ΪڲУ챾˵һȨ
ºԻ˵ģٶ಻ֻҪʥ֮ٱֳΪΪʥӵһв
Լ۲ûж˵ȴû
Ľಿԣһ۾ˡ
û뵽ȻĴ㣬˼·һò뷨ȷġ
˵õʵĺôһΪ峤һ⡣
ΪµˣȴǴ˵һĻŮ˵ܲܰ½Ĳ䶼ͳһ
˵ʲôЩ±ƵؿŶԷƽס
һֱòλйоصģҲû̫ص㣬ʱ䣬֪ƺҪƷˣ
ȴһͳһ½
۲˵һ˵Լ뷨˺ܾãʼվǶԿ̺½õķ
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㣬½еĲƾͼʮˡ
ûʥ̺֮½ȷʵȫ½ǡȴɻ䵽ѹĴ
ΨһЧİ취ǽ½Ĳ䶼ͳһһڱ̺½κһĴ䡣
ĻǱ̺½ǱߵĲ͸û취Ӧǡ
˶٣룬ûһɵĻǱߵĲӦòԸǣ
һ˵ǽһоݡ
ǳ׷ˡ
˵ֻͬȰ˵ǵҲСȻʹϣ߾ͱǱǿࡣֻҪŮʵȫ޾Էˡ
취õ֧֣Ǿһʧˡ
̾˿˾ͺá
ͳһ½ȱȱȥȴͮӶԴ˷ǳȤ
̫ˣôû뵽أͮ۾Ļ˵׼ֱܷ̺½
˵ʲôӣߵôһһ룿
Ӷڵ˵öԣ
ͮһ۾ˣ㲻ǰ𣿾Ȼͬಿ׳ȥ̺½
ӱش𣬵Ҳһ֣̾˿شұͲǰ˰
ףô֪ͮһȡ
ʲô֪ģӵҸһĸͨˡҳʱѾΪūΪŮճͱʥ֣ŮСʱҸĸǾ͵͵ңʵֻ֪װ֪һֱʮ꣬±ĸ߲㷢֣ҸĸĴˡͱ乥ƣҲΪ˰Ůڰ䣬ҲûҳϿԡ
СʱΪʳһʥ˰ɫҲ֪ǲΪǿĹϵʱͻ˶ĵ
ҲˣЩ길ĸһֱǵǶİ˼
ˣû˵һ仰ͬΪĸĸġ
ĸɱ֪
û˵ǣǸɱĸĲ֮ԱҲƵĽ
ȻЩĲ߲ΪūĵĺȻõ⣬ЩȴѾزȥˡ
ļѾҲˡ
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472 κ

ԺӾȴ飬һֻʵԼҰ
ϣŮɺڽɫʥȻ찲ϱ̺½۷塣
Ȼϣܿͱˡ
һȱҡ
ֱΪۣſµϣ
ŮʥǽɫĻ۱ϣߵ߷塣
ȻˣԸڽಿ䣬ΪеҳϣܹƬ½Ĵ䡣
ͮһӵĻЩⲻȥԶԷǵִ˲١
Ǹ㲻Ҫѹڨڨ
һ漴ЦˣͲѹˡ
˶٣˵˵ͳһ½ɡ
ͮ۾һԣǸҪġ
üģ
Ȼˡͮһ߷ߵܹ˱ϢˣһΣҲҪζ
ı硣
һ㶣ĳϲӡ
Ļεȿ
ȴüÿɷ
õ뷨Ѿ˵ǰ档
ͮЩԼۺϲӣ
ߣ֪ĻŮ
ͮȻżҲĽӵеĶԷԼһֿܣͷԼһҲԼĽá
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¶ᡣ
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ҵ˵ͷһӣȴǲ㻹ڶȻû͸
Ȼȡ˵ֽ꣬еҴݹװһЩ̺ӵĺˮ㽽ʥȥɡ
ô鷳ͮڵʥֱֲӽʥƵ̺Уȵ̺Ӷˣֲˡ
ȻۿڣҾƳһ۵
Ϊʲôͮ
һԵ˼ǻ۽͵̺ӵĴں̶ܴȻݼҰ޺ޡҰޱˣ˺޶ǻǳģҪʥǾûаӹˡ
ߣҲ޳ֱӽմΪڽ档
ͮһ㶣ǡ̺½ǱߴҶġ
Ǳ̺½ǱѰõ𣿡ۿʵ
ͮҡҡͷǱǺϡеĴڡ̺½½ЩҲǵ֮һ
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Ҳۼֵ
ĴҶȡãɱȡѣԼúûáܲסѡ
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Ǵˣй۽һʥյԭٴͨһ£⡣
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һӿɽ̵ؿΪġ
Ѿǵһθ۵ʥ̺ӵˮˣʥҲȷʵ˳һЩȻǳޣҲǳˡ
Ҫ֪ôһ㣬Ҫ²ܳ
ȻҪ˵ĺôƬʥ֮õģಿʥеʥнǧ֮࣬ȫյ󣬻۵ʥǸͷ֮һɫĹâҫˡ
붬ǽಿл۵ʥ֣ռֲõʳﲻҲҪʼΪ׼ˡ
ŻȥԵʿǿʼÿղسȥһֻһֻ
һЩЩƣȵʱٳԡ
ģʿпʼ
Щˣ۲ûж¡ԭʼ䣬ʿҲʱ֮һȫиһǺ¡
Ȼһ죬ʿŻǱõ̧ʱ򣬷ֻѾ˲ſˡ
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Ȼƣۣǹˡ
ǲ֪ģֻɺϡ
۵˵ͷΪʧȥһֱֻ۵ʿǰָһ㣬ɫĹâָɳס˶Է˿ڽ档
һ̣˾ĿУһֻȫµֱ۴˿ڽ泤˳
˺֪ض˶֣һ𾪵صҵ֡ˣ
Զ𣿡
ĿԶ
̲סȥֻ³ֱۣó۵˱ԭֱ۰һ㣬ϼûˣûв֡
żѵˣüһá
ʶÿ
Ȼ󣬻߹ˣǲмˣһһκá
ߵǰ
Ůͺ͵Ѿˡ̲סСѵ
ûᣬһУʥϷɳɫĹʵʵסˡ
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473 Ӧ

Ī۵ǵļ˹һȰɡ
˵꣬תȥˡ
һȣ
ʲô
һԺȻŶԷԶȥӰȴʲôʡ
գҲֻǰջ˵ģ˵ļ˸˹ȣڵʲôҲ֪ˡ
ҹɫĹâȥ¶ͺ͵ͼؿ΢΢ͬ˯һ㡣
ǵļ˲ԣ׷ǰѡ
ô£ʵ
Ȼȴû˻شˡ
ǻͷȥͼǵЩʿʱĿɿڴ͸˹һ
ôˣܿ˿һ
ʱͺ͵ȴѹˡ
ûͿԼ֣һεıǵԼĶӶ̴ˣӶˣôܻţ
Һ񡭡඼ֻһڣһȷ
ǵĻǵļ˷׷׶Цˡ
˵ʲô
ǣǲǺúõ𣿿ɱԼ
԰˵ʲôϹ

Ȼܿ죬ͺ͵Լһʿϲٵ棬ǲˡ
Ǹòᡭ˵İɣ
֮ǰǸʧȥֵʿ͵طӦȾܡ
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ô£ʵ˵Ѿͺ͵Ȼˣ𣿡
ġ۵Ϊʱ仹̣һ;Ȳˡ
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һԤУǻͳһ½ֹܲ½Ǳ̺½Ҳǲһ롣
۷˸ۣɡ
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˵𣿻Ů÷³ˣ
ģǧȷ
Ǹͺ͵Ӧòİɣ¡
ģʵĸպ͵ӣһ˸˵ˣӶϳˣǻŮˡ

ԭʼ䣬ಿϢһ㶼
һʱ䣬˾û˲֪ˡ
Ȼ󣬻۷ڿʱøˣ̬Խ۵׶д˳羴
Դˣ˵뷨
ʵϣŮȥԲĸС
һ㶼С
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Ϊʲô֮ǰǶŮûذأ
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һҲ͵ͷȻ԰
Ҹ˵˵ǲ䣬ʵ໥䶼ѪԵϵѪˡ
ȻˣȻ᲻ԸΪơ
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ȻûãಿӭһǳĿˡ
ЩǡЩȱֻȱȣ֮ûһǽȫˣ۲סˡ
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Ҫ֪չеĴֻЩȫǿȻʹȴǴ֪лвмˡ
ҲˡҿڵֻΪߣΣգĲΪսмҲ١ЩȻٸܡ䷢һǳΣкܴأͽЩм˷ŵﰲ١ƽʱÿһʱͻȥһˣЩʳˣ˲Ը⹶ңѡ˶ϡ
۴Կһۣкü˰ɣ
ٶˡҵ˵ͷһѡ˶ϣЩʣµġ
̾˿
ʱ򣬼ͰˣıεļһῴңһֿۣĿϣ˵ģ
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֪ĸҲвмһԱȻû˶ϵ뷨ȴǡ־ᡱûֻҲֵֻҪһڣܳȥս֪ٴĲģһһע⣬ûˡ
ֵֵͬܺܣмĲ
߶ôܿ͸˹
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˵ΪңԼҲĹϵͲȵٰǽЩм˶κˣҵĹϵ͸ǲ˵ˡ
ĻԺԼϱ̺½ʮа˾ŻԸ֧ǡ
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474 

ֻȴ׸Ϲӿڵһᶼע̬ȣǽĿ䵽ϡ
ңüһЩмˣڶԻʵһô˻᲻ҪҪּ
ҲعˣͷԶԶԣɲǿ
ЦıҪҲûҪ
ҪҡҡͷЩԥĿǰи⡣
ʲô⣿һŵʵ
ۿ˵ǲмѾãϵ˿ѾϣҪǻָ糣͵ֱ˿¡
ʲô˼һʱЩס
ָһֻе۵ȣ겻˵
һ㶣ǰ
ָֻаصȶҵٿһ
¶㵣ȴǰҲԥͿһزȡ
ҲӲ۵ݶŤˣȴֻƺһȴûзҽС
۵Ķ죬ɫĹâѪ˿ڸǣһȱ˳
˵ۿһĻ̲סĿɿڴ
һ˵ľȾ͸Ǳй֮޲ˡ
ἤػ˶ġĳˣ
Щмͬһ׷˹
λǻŮǰɣҵȳ
ȣȵģҵֻûгأ
Сӹȥﻹûгˣ
ǣûûС
ڸʲôɱӣ

۶ûӦͼ֪˭һȭӳЮܻһȭҵ˵ϡ
һʰˣСΧ磬ͷĴˮ򡭡ֳһƬҡ
ҼʱҲꡣ
֣˶⸱УлܵʱǾԲҼֲֵ
һСʱһȺмݶˣǾʤ
ͼһʯᶨĸߴߵǰС˿鷳ˡ
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СҰƳһۣЦ㰢ͶˣôС֪Ůˡ
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ۿҺͼἸ˵ȥʱҪԥһҪЩ˰̶е򳤳ֿܻǻεġ
㶯ֵļ̲סðǸλãһСе࡭
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ΪĲм˶Ǿˣ۲òһһˣѵʱȽ϶࣬æҹǽ
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˵ǣκ˲м㣬ָ϶Ź˿ЦûҲ˳һ¡
Ȼڶ죬ҾȥȺ쵰Լˡ
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ֵˣҲûʲôЩҴ˵ʥֵʱûҵ
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һŵĴȥ͵תͷһŵؿո˵ʲô
˵ӣȻϻŮܹΪҵӣ
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ȵǸŮˣļҲûˡ
ԼҹִİȻô׾ͬ˻ŮΪϱ
һ۵𣿡
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ȴ˵ѾõĹزƣʱҲҪ˵ġŮģ˵ұû£Ҳ취ĺӡ
壬֮Ͳ£ԷöԷΪǲ͵ơõ£ɵӲΪνĹؾͷԡ
ˡ
ȴȻͬһ𣬵ȴͬڽಿ䡣
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475 ½

һ㶣̧ͷʲô˼
㣬ҵ˽ಿ֮ʵн𣿡
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Ǵش˵ţɫȻʮȻʹһֻǾһëǣһʮ꺢ӵʮ꣬ǼҪġ
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ȥ˵
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ڽಿ䣬ڻŮУʮʮ㻹ܱ𣿡
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½һֱڽಿ䣬Ҳܹûۡ
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ˣ룬ڵԺÿ궬ͻۣ͸Ŵҳȥ
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͵̧ͷ֪̺½ģȻв²⣬ȴû뵽Ȼ֪˱̺½
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ȻΪԼᱻ׷ɱŮǰԼʥΪ۽̺½½˿
ҲˣԼȴʬ
ŮӻȻҲȫΣաʧȥŮıӻЩ޾͹Ǻһġ
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ų޺ҪģôȱĳҲ
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ʱף˭֪Щ˵ĲǷ񻹴ڡ
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Ȼˣ罫ȵĻԻ֣óŮ壬ʧʷĳС
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476 Ů

²⣬Ҳû뵽Ȼôһ¡
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΢΢һʱûд㡣
ȻʱǱ𣬵ǡңңڣΨһҲŬǿѡ
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ʲô΢΢һ
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ǼЩŮãǡǲŮҲߵ̺½һ
˾ٿ˵ǷŭֻǰڳŮʵ˲Ų๡Щ˶˵ŮԼʥô죬ֽ֪ݾˣȴʵŮһǿ󡣡
ʵϲ̾ϢŮʥԭģȴǴΪһŮһ˫㣬ԷͬŮȴزˡҲΪˣʥֶûüʥŮʥ˫ʥ֣ƺΪͬԴĹϵЧǳãԴ֮ͬɳʥɳٶȴҪԶԶǿˡȵʥɽɫҲԶԶǿˡ
һȻô˵Ļһо˵ͨˡ
̾˿̺½ǱߵȻ˵̺½Ȼʹټη塣ҪٴĵĻԻͣȴҲףǸıĹأͨͬ
Ȼ֮ǿ󣬹׾ΪЩͬѰĹء
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ʵϣҪ˵ĳޣһû취ͬˡ
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½ÿ죬ߵҲܿ졣
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˶٣׼ȷ˵Ƕе˶ˡ
һ㶣ʲô˼Ҫ򣿡
ǲǡæҡͷǴǵŮˡ
һ㶣ôԽˣ
͵˵Ů岻ˣۿŽҪȥ˵ӲͷƤˡ
ǡҾ׹ˡ
˵ͷȻʵ㿴Ҫ𣿡
ǽŮ͹ɡ
˶٣Ҫ̫˽ʥ֡
ͷ뿪ˡ
ûãʹ˹ˣĸˣ̧һܣһأǶ죬һץŵ˵֣һ۲գؿŶԷģǸŮϵеˡ
Ȼܵ죬ҲŮľ˾ˡǹ㣬ŮİλĶͷ
˫һ۵Ŀ䵽˵ϡ
һŮѾһʮĳŮˣ΢Ķ̷ĵòУⶼˣͻԡԭӦСɫƤȴ΢΢ƣŲÿ
ʱڻУ˵һ㶼ûѹϢ΢ˡ
üҹ
˴ʥϵУǽŵĴϣȻ֣ɫĹâ鲼ȫ
ԼĪһӺ󣬹âˣջ֡
ʱȥŮϢƺƽ࣬ȻûѣѾЩѪɫ
Щκˣ
ҡͷ̫ˣڴЩˣֻǽ˽ˡޱȣȴһʱܹġ
-

477 ͬ

ʧѣص㣬˼ƺκŮ
𣿡عһܾŮ𣿡
۵˵ͷ漴εǿԣҪʱ£ѵҪһֱǲ䣿
ûǴĻ˿Ҳ򣬶ʱڱˣǳʱڽಿȻʵ
Ҫ֪ԭʼػҪľԳ֣ಿ丽ЩҰ޺ޣһҲǵĲƲ
˹һˣһֱǷֱľǽಿʳˡ
һã丽Ĺȣ٣䶼ǻܵӰġ
ȻֻҪŮʥ͸˸û취뿪
Ȼ϶¶Ϊѵı顣
գ죬ɷͨһ£ŮƵڼ䣬ϣԳܹϲڴڼ䣬ǶԵԷֳ֮һǡ
˶٣֤ģһ׼ġ
ԭʼ䣬½ʿԵʱǺһ׵ģɱȡǾԲᷢϵġ
֪ʲô뷨Ȼûзԡ
ʵϣԳȻԶһЩֻЩһԣҲԿ
䣬˻۵֮󣬲ʿǰȥûй˼ˡǰҪʵڱ޿ɱܣڵĻǷȥѰޡ
˵ôһȻࡪЩ۸ȻˣֻҪǾ̫ԶΣʱ̣²ڲУʥҲֳܷǽƣȻҵʵҲõ˺ܴ
̶µʱ䣬ȻѾﵽ˰λǿҪͻƵȻˡ
ˣŮôʥסˡ
ҹѹģ۾ԼʥڲԼĴ
ǡʱ˽ˣ
طɿ࣬ǻѪƺûˣƵؿҲƺһˬˡ
һǱκˣ
Ҳԡۿڵûʲôˣǡ̫ʲôŹ¾Ҫˡ
Բ⣬ҲʮˡŮУܻʮ˺١
תͷۣɫ˭
ǽಿĻŮۿڵ
ûۣ롣˵ͷôڿԻȥˣ
ҡҡͷȻǲĽ˵һ
Ůˣκң
Ȼ۾ԼҪľǸıɱŮˡ
Ŀ϶ŮãŵͷСлл
ŮһܳĬˣӦ˵ƺϰ˶һ˴ţʥȻһˣĴڸʵǳ͡
˵ֱŮɱ̥ǵģȻŮЩͬһýʶһὫ౾Դ䵽ڡ
ʱһܲסŵ
ԣֻһһ壬֮Դűˡ
Ͼʶִڣͷǳóôߡ
ס˰£ŵһθ졣
Ҵһֻ޴İ񡪡ʲôҲϲʷǳۣ۱Ū˿ôԼųԡ
ŮҲйˣΪʹϵֻԿ⣬۾̺ˮһ㹽ࡣ
Ůһ࣬ҧһĿ⣬ôû¡
תͷۣȥ𣿡
һ㶣ûüش𣬾ôЩȸԾڵһǵһγȻʱ򶼻ţżҲѹˡҿһֻɫǳڲʥûһССİɫĻ䣬ζɺˡ
ĻԱߵͮͣ˳ԿĶ
ҪĻĪȴޡ
û˱һ½ŮǶôˡ
û˹뷨û㿪ĲģֻҪţֻҪʥ绹ھͺá
ЩٿŹʣʵȴ
ȥҪĻȥͮڵ
Ů£ʶȥۡ
Ҳȥ
ǿˣλŮȻǳˣʵǸɵӣƽʱ䵭ĬЩǷϣ治ܰ˿
ԣŮ۾һЩǵԳȥʥ硭
ûϵġ۵Σ˻ʥܡ
ûΪ˵ģƽʱҲûٸҳȥ档
̱㿪ˡ
ֻͬΪŮĻ۲׽ˡˣΪ򣬻ǶмӵĹ㣬֮䶼һĤ
-

478 ŮӤ

һҲŶ
̼ǵõһεʱ򣬲˰ȰҪܡ
Ȼˡ˵ʵҶϰˡ
ᣬֻ۴㶯ϰΪؿʼŻߡ͵ݼٳȥ¡
ڲʿ򶼴ԭزл۵޾κս
Ůһ汦ôϡƽĶܿýζ
һ仨һСݣһСϪһʯ
ͮһʼţأЩʼįˣӵȥطߡ
ֻҪӣʥͻţֻҪǵأǾͲΣա
Ҳ֪һ㣬˲ûǡ
ӵǲȥȻһ˵ӤȻûȨ
ԸԼŮ۾΢΢¶һĵЦ
۵ĶãֻǳĴˣľɫҲϡƽˡ
ȽಿЩǿһЩҴǨ㡣ҿ뷨ڵ
ʵϣಿλòáܶǰǺõģϾһʱѡĵطȻơȻǧȥ˶ֺ͵òĸı䣬ͳƲ϶ôˡҴսԵϿҲһ׹صĵط
ֻǹȥʥŮʥûа취ֲԴҲѡ
û뵽ǣͮȥûжþͻˣֻǡ
бŵӤգգ۾Щµǡ
񵽵ġͮһҲ֪ΪʲôݴһŮӤ
ŮӤһ︽ʲô䣿
ûв䡣˶٣ͮ׼ȷ˵ľǽಿ䡣
ӡ
ȿ۾Ͱ¸Ȼȥһ£ǲĶḸĸİѺӶ˲ݴ
ǲΪ˰Ѻԭʼ䣬ǻûʲôӵѹġ㸸ĸûΪ䶼ӷһȵʳ
Ǵ˶ҪˣӲŻлȥǡ
˵һ̶ǹƶȣû˻úӶ
Ȼϵǣѽಿ˶ʱˣҶ˵ûжӡ
ˡ
ôһĺӣǴðģ
۱Ҳû£⺢ûиĸҲһģֱ
ͮӸŻۻصʥ֣Ǹ񵽵ŮӤʱȴŮӤ¶ͻȻſһɫĹû˵档
ʵ̫Ϥˡ
һ̣ﶼֻһʡԲۣ
ͮĿɿڴȻŮҲΰɣ
ȻĻû˵꣬һǳɫʥƤ°εضˡ
ǡǾǻϲЦˡ
ԴԴ
ոûŮʥİ߳˪ؿվԣ׷죬׷ˣҵĺȴˣ
ӲͷƤСһλʹ磬;СŮ÷˳ȥȻ˵ķһ·ȴʼûҵ
ŮؿЩ

Ȼˣ۾ĿݺݵѵõһΣҿģ
ҵŮң
ͬƣԴԴ䲻ǧˣŮһλŮȻҪοϣԿҲԴԴ䡣
ϾСŮŮĽӰˡ
ȻŮŮضŮȻŮҪŮҲ򵥣ǵǶءŮȻʮֵ꣬һһŮ
ǣ˭֪ǲԺŮ
ܣĸ仹Ů̫ģ
һ£Ůûͣ༸ÿ춼ᱻйȥһ٣չĸ˸ǻһһ
ǽҲˡ
һºۼŮƢˣһΪˡ
ͻȻһ죬Ůˣ
ˣȥˣ˶ˡ
⻹
ȻȥŮˡ
ŮǸûгԹͷˣʥչˣʲôᣬӹöҿ֪ȻȴƾһԣֲҵŮͲȥ
ǣԴԴһһȰ˵ĻҲ˵һһȴù
ûǿģȻŮ˵ˣҪǸұȥ;ʳǺģ˭ĵù˭
ʵû취Ҳֻô棬Ů
û취Ůһߣʥ͸ߣ벻С
ԴԴ뽭ಿЩԶŮҲһʹǸСǰŮĸ͵ġ
·ϣһվȴǽಿ䡣
˳µģһ˽ಿ䡣
-

479 ̹Ȼ

ͮŮӤŮȻģֻסʥС
һʱ䣬û˹ӣԸȡ˸ֽ֡
ӲͬǸӤһʼʱ˯˯˳Իȵ£ȴԽ㡣
ͮһʼ޴룬Ҳϲӡ
Ȼ˾ȵǣϲĲǻҲͮӡΪӸһССֻԽԷС顣
ಿһֺǣϾŮѾλŮˡ
ಿ۷ʱҲλŮʲôӣ
ȻӺֵʥ綼۵Ĵ󣬲÷ǳޣˣҲѾǷǳˡ
ԽԽãԺ󻹻õĸоÿһ˶ɾ
첻ˣˣ
һ죬Ӳ쿪ҪõӣڲſѲӵĺӷɱ
һŮˣ
һֻԻֱӳƺŮ
ܿܡӿڵҿǵŮҲˣϴεηǳ񡣡
ԣ˿
Ȼ˫һ棬ͷָͲôһ¡
ҡŮģ˵ʱļֱڵѪ
Ҫ֪ѾֵԼҿڴĶˣ˶ȻҪˣܲ۲Źˡ
಻֪뷨˵ͷǵģǲŮŮͱС͵ˡ
˵һ飬Ȼʵ֪ûصϢ
Ȼﲢ̫ϣһˣСŮû˷֣ʥıҲᱻ
ˣͨӤкãû˻һŮ
ʵϣŮҲñ̫Ȼûа취ŮǲһٳǺܿܲŮȲԼҲȥ
ֳңҲƴһִ֡
ʵϣȷʵǷǳǿŮŮ
Ȼ뵽ԼŮӣ׻̾˿û´λСŮӦþǲ䡣
ţ
ҲãŮҲãһš
ʱ˿̣ǵĵһӦǾϲǾ衣
ѵԷڴʲô⣬ҪȽ壿
൹ǲϵȻŮԥ£ȴȥ¶ԷƣԼһŮǲú¡
ֻҪһܣԸһŮĿܡ
Ǹһ۵ȥ
ӦȴЩʧҪǶԷ֮³öã
ĻǾ˳ռŮˡ
ȻܲǺܴ
ȥʥ֮ǰѾȥ֪ͨˣˣԷһλŮҲ⣬ֱӽֱԷһǰӵģȴʥ֣ʥ£ŷŮΪһֱû죬Ѿȡֵ֣֣֡
Ů͸һӹŮȵȡⲻһԼŮ
ţҿӵ٣λ̥ǸŮһģһֻΪĹϵ̥Ǵ˲٣ɫҲˡ
ġŮ
һŵȥӵգûˣȻֻ۾ˣ϶Ư
ţŬոջ˵ĻЦһ˵ʲôʥ²ŷʥŮƭ˭أŮŮߵĶʥĶѵϹģ
˵ôǼŮŮʥִʥ仧
Щ˻еģûŮĴڣھͲֹͲֱצӰǵץˡ
֣ҲͬġԼŮֲЩϲȡ
ͮˣָ㡭
һ仰û˵꣬־ͱסˣŮᡣһҪһŮʱȥ棬ŮʥǼŮںˣһֱҲûŮҽڷ㣬ҲǹŮʥǲ仧
ڹ¶ԺЩĸĺӣԶŮѰԼŮĸף¶Է̬βãҲ᲻
ǻЩɡ
ȴۼҲйǣȻֵʥ仧ڽˣʥֲİ취һЩȫԽʥֲȥǲκ
ŮתͷȥȻͿеۡ
һͷֶ˻ϵ̹Ȼ
šܣԷ˵ģ
ŮͷŮ˶ܿӱĺܺãװֵģһҲŮŮŶǳ
-

480 

˵ģŮʵ
һ£һʱû˼ָʲô
ո˵ʥֲķ
һȻͷǵģ̫СǵһʵС
Ůȴҡͷֲģֲҵġ
ڳ˶ˡ
ŮԵҵʥֲ
˵ģֱϲˡ
ȴüôģԴԴЩ㲻ˣ
ǣŮüǵȻȥǾ͸Ķˣ»Ҫ𣿡
˼ǽԴԴϲ뽭ಿ䣿Ǿϲˡ
Ůͷ
ͬڼ˵ۼΪ侲ʵܸ𣿡
Ůľʵ̫ͻأҲ̫ûеˡ
ԣҲ侲ˣɱ㿴Ů
õ𣿡ŮڵȻΪԴԴˡ
۲⣬ЦŮȴܹﵽ棬ҳô󣬻ǵһ뿪䡣
ˣǲ졭һ۵Ƚ˳ۡ
ܿλǵС˼Ϊף֪ԷʵʵŮڲ䣬ȫǰǰλŮ
ü˳۵ģڲûеõء
ң׿Щ֮󣬶ڶԷŮŮ£Ļмġ
˵ܾãԷӦñӡ
ŮʱɲǸ׳ģȻȴǰֿɰˡ
ȻˣȻɡ
ЩԺʱ򣬻ȴǶˣڲŮȴص£ŮԲʵҲ̸ϹлθС
ǰŮûѡ£û˾ʲô⡣
Ȼڡˡ
ͮҲˡ
ϱΪĸһ仰ֿһС־ҲΪûмֵɡ
ʱû˷һŮ۵׵˼
ŮһǳоˣŮȻȴ˵˽࣬˵Լľ
۾Ů㲻ڿЦɣ
ŮЦԵǿЦû
˶ˣǡ
Ը͸ԸԼܷͼǿŮɴ
һ仰Ҳźˡ
ʶһԵҪˣȻͲˣֻǡ
ŮʲôʵҲ˾Ҫı졣Ҳ˵ǿԺҪڽಿ仧ˣʱ˵˿ɲǡ
Це뽭ಿĻǿ̸
̫ˣʧһŮܰ׬һֱܸˡ
ŮôˣҪʥһݣλþŮʥԱߡ
û취һʱʥֲ
ϾסڻǱ߰ɣҵʥ⣬Ҳ̫չ˺ӡŮ
Ҳ˵ŮˣôĬ˻۸Ů֡
жΣԼҪ˵һСӤˡ
۵˵ͷͬˣⲢ£ʥչ˺ϻӦֵġ
ϳԹŮ뿪ʥ֣Ҳû⣬ϾҲͷһˡಿֹ߲ʥŮ뿪ʥ֣Ůһʼԥ˼죬֮ÿ춼ȥ
˻ᱣҲòǵġ
ȻϵǣŮ뿪ȴΪ
˵ʲô۶ˡ
ǸǸӵŮ죬˵Ҫǲ䡣
˼ǡüԴԴһ
˵ͷ
һ̣˵ʵ⸴ӡ֪ȻͳһƬ½ԤУͳһķʽòʿǿȻ𲽽
ôĪģͽ̲ˡ
һһ䣬ˬˬˣһɾ͸жûС
ͬԴԴ䣬ɲȽಿࡣˣҪͶ
ԵĲ˵ô˵ҪͲһ׵¡
Ҫһ£һֳԱɶԭжˣһֵˣԿ֪ɲ뱻Ϊ
æУȴҪ뿪ˡ
ҺܿͻǣŻ۵ֵʱҸ
ʱʥ࣬۲ٹµ
ˣ֮ǰҲôݳ֡
۵˵ͷתͷ˲Ҫǿơ
ҵ˵ͷȴǶֶϽŻΣԲһơ
Ҫǿһ㣬ǿһ㣬ܹ
-

481 

뿪󣬻۳ȥʱ򷴶ˡ
ΪӡԼǺλŮڣ뿪һʱ䣬ҲõΪʥߣòڸš
Ȼĸʥûл۴󣬻һ뿪ڵĻΧҪűС
ҲΪ
ಿ丽ؼ̺кüÿγȥǱЩضȥ
ʥߣǱһװһЩصȥӺա
֪һοʥдУŻ۳ȥʱ˶Żˡ
ԴˣԼǶĽˣֹһθ˵ҪϽʥֲ
ͮȸȥһˣѶʥָˡû취˭ԴԴȽԶء
˶٣ѵжʥ֣ҲҪ©ˡ
ж䵱ΪŮŻԷׯ䣬ԭڵλȴʥֵġ
ֹӿڵ½ԭвΪʧȥŮĲ䣬ҰҲҵʥ֣Щɴ
˶٣ЩͲˡ
ʵЩģҪ뷨ҲãԴԴҲãӵеʥֶӦøա
۵˵ͷҲʥĸǡ
ֱþӵǣ֣Ҳϣܹ㽫ʥɰɫĻͿԽǨ㡣طίʵʺϲ䷢չ
㣬β佨ӣֻҪӦӦˡ
Եǲ˵ʲôˡ

ǵʥɰɫ֮֮Ѿ＾ԳҲ÷쳣ʿҪʼΪһһȹ׼ˡ
겻ͬʵĲʿһδ˲ޡ
Ȼʱ򣬸ҹⲿ䡢ɽ¡Լ˽ಿ䡣
λǡһ⡣
λ˵ôϤҲʶġ
ಿȣλ̬Ȼ
˹Ϊ£һΪβ֮ĻСҹⲿڿڵ
ⲿ䣬ÿ꣬Ĳ䶼лУڸ
˵һλлǰ꣬ҲȷʵӦþлС
һԣеľٰص㶼ڵطĲ䡣ಿǰҲûоٰȻΪеʿʵôǵĻңԶܾˡ
ǽꡭȻûоܾıҪˣҲòе˱
ȻλҲԲһˡ
ɴοǽಿٰ죬ϹأٰڼΪṩסޣԵķԼȥԣ߸е˻
˵Ҳ֮Уλû
ü¶Ϊѣʵǵһ£ǵڶأ
Ƭ̣ɱ޿ڵ죬ʥѾ࣬ǵԳҲţԼûע⵽ȴѾǵԳˡ
һûע⵽
ңȻλ˵⻰˵ѾСˡ
»治ýϾʥὫɱҰ޺ϳȥµֻһЩ޺С
Ҳ˵һʥ縲ǵˣЩ޺Ұ޵ͻɱԳ
һԳĻ־ͱȽ鷳ˡ
Ͼǵģǵط
ҴӳÿǣҲƱػִҲܲþ
ýಿá
Ʊǲܵġ
Ͼಿ˿ڷһֹã˶ӾҪѹˡ
ǡʱ۳ˡ
Ůôˣվ
̬λ׷һ
£Ȼ˵ˣǵ˼Ҳ˽ˡҲ⣬ҲǳΪѣáȻʱʵҲԿԺλģ꽭ಿͻǨ㣬ʱȻӭж⡣
£λ춼ˡ
˼ɽ¡ſڵѵҵʥֲİ취
ҡҡͷԺ֪ˡ
˵زˣٺҲöʡ
һߣ۶ʵеʱ򣬻вŮ𣿡
һ㶣УǺ٣ֻһЩֻ˵СŻŮ
Ǿͺá΢΢Цˡ
һ˼ǡ
ܹʡһЩǽʡһЩΪá۵
ЩҲ˼˵ģҪӦԱ̺½õİ취½һġ
ȻҪһģֻһ䣬Բ
Ͼԭʼ䣬ͨҲãͨѶҲãܵƶǳ
-

482 Ȩ

۵ʥƺӳˣһ£ʥϰɫĻǶһһ£ϸСʥ
֮ǰ롢ǺӵʥѾժһʥ
֣ĳʱ䣬ʥҪܳʥˡ
ÿŮʥһǵʥȻҲһҪ˵ʲôͬ㣬ǾǶСһ̵֡
ʵϣʳʥǲܾ׽ģΪһоͻڻˮ
УӵʥԲεɫʵʥǻԲ̻ɫʵǵʥεĺɫʵ
˵۵ʥ״ֵģ״ԲεĶ壬иʯһ㣬ɫ͸ģмһĨɫĹâ
ͬŮʥ״ɫͬǹЧҲͬ
˵ϱʳʥµĺԸ񶼷ǳ񣬶ʳͮʥµĺԸҪһЩ
ܵ˵ǻܵŮӰ졣
Ȼӱ츳ʣҲܵŮӰ죬ŮʵԽǿʥĺҲá˵ġ
Ϊϲʥϣ͸һЩ
󲿷ˡԭԴԴͶ˶Ҫ۵ʥϾڲôʱ䣬ҲԷǿˡȻ֪ȾҲ֪ʥԺӰġ
һѰȴһ㶼ûйǵ˼
ֵܷʥͲˣ˭ĵü
Щεʥûɣ˾Ͳʥ
Ҳû¡۲ʥ֦ͷֲỵȵʱˣٿʥַȥ
뷨û뵽ȴһҲ⡣
üЩĿ˵ļһ˭ôģ
һԵȻûпڣȻͬ˼
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Ƕԣ˷ֱǵ棬Źˡ
Ȼôƫԭˣȴǲ᷸Ժġ
ȻԴԴѾ˽ಿΪһӣͲܺ˱ˡ
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483 

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ȻҿЩСﶼϲŪҲŪһſڣ˶첻ƯҲ͸磬ůˡ
ллĸû˵ԼȱⶫʵŪ𣿡
ŪŪˡĵ˵׸׷һƬġ
ʵˣƤܴճŵģҲƫۣ£ŮжСŮûС
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ֵַһůʯһûзݡСúܣ۴Ķ˭ҲȾָġ֣ǻۼ֣Ҳûзݡ
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ҵ˵ͷЩӦùһˡ
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ಿҲ̯ҪһЩʿ򵽵ƤëԼʯԼһЩչ޺͸ʳɲ˸Щ
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ҪһЩơǶܺãʿȥԵʱ򡣡
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484 û

֪ҿԽ̲Ƽռ˻
Ȼ÷һٶ׼ҪĸԭϹԼҪ֡
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֮⣬μӻеĻн粿䡢С䡢ʢ䡢ɼعС䡣
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ȻἸģĲ䣬С𿴸иزʵ㣬
ⶫȻãһҪʳ죬ǱƷиʳһҶ⻻ȻãɹҲñ棬ԭʼ䣬ⶫҲǰ״ʢȻóӣǲŮʵܹӵĵطޣ˸޷γɶģե͡ƺǸò£ʵϣɼóҲԵģʵǵեʵ͵ÿ£֮±ķǳޣοͷϰ˳ԶֲͣͲôˣڲ͸ˣڲֻںв£ֳԭʼжջ֪
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ע⵽ǣʢع䶼Ů˹
Ҳ֪ǲ֪˽ಿжԼԴԴŮչĹϵһֱԼҵŮصúʵ
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Ů۵İɣа취
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ǵֻм˵С䣬ϽಿĴ䣬̬ǾԲǿӲġ
ȻŮʹССŮӹˡ
ҽ٣ѾʮˡƻеԲŮ۾Ц
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ʵϣŮƺԲúܽӣǻһ۾ͿˣԷȫֻ֣ϸûѪɫ֪ˡ
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ŮʱЩʧ漴˷ܵ˵ģ
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ŮСģۿЩᣬ΢΢ЦȻԣȻнҴǳȥ档
ǡŮСҲ𣿡

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ŮСǽ㶼˵ԭҲġҲԳΪಿһ𣿡
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ֻ˵ϹȻбӦģЩԴŮŮͲԼǲһӣؼʱ̣ûνĴֹۡ
˵˽ƺֲ̫ԡ
ףЩɻ
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485 ݲ

˵ʢع֪ԼŮľ֮жɥֻ˵ۣȴЩͷۡ
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ǰ죬ǺʥͻȻɢŨİ׹⣬ڵʵʵ
ĪѵʱȴǷˡ
۵ʱˣô죿
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Լ֪ͨѵǸ****
һʼԣȵ֪ôģʱЦõ뵽ȥˣ
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ЦŮɲܹǿȵĴڡ
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Ҳһ˵ʵû뵽һû취ԼŮⲻǻС
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486 С

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487 ˮ

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վڲߵɽϣҵӰԽԽСճʧ
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488 ûа취

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С죬ಿһǵ˼ûУ˶ʱڨڨò뿪
ʱ򣬻Ѿɼˡ
ɼῴźƽʱ죬ʵȴĻ̡̻
뿪֮ǰ˵Լľͨ޴ѡȻȻ˶νֻҪŮʥܹǾͺˣŮ˭ǸͲҪ
ǸʥнǵĹʲôģ֪Ů˶ûκθ顣
ȻôһС˾ò
ⲿ˴ŮѪԵϵȻϵҲ㲻϶ˡ
ǵʱΪ첻ڣɼһʱ֪ô졣
ȻԻҪǲŮҪûа취ܾ䣬δһٸʿʵ͵ĶȻʹжʮȻ
ΪһС䣬ɼȻûУȻûǡ
ǵײģ˼Ȼʹǽʥ֡
ɼŮ˵ҲСˣѾʮ꣬ѾߵյվһŮȥɼҲԾʥ硣
ȻĸŮ֪ԼѾˣǹʱ˶һȣСŮߵض㵽ĸ׵
λǲĳŮλǳŮŮޢŮȻʹܵ
ǣŮһ⡣
óԸȽƽ͡
ۿɼȻʹһۣȻԷȴû뿪˼ȻˣҲû˷ԭĴ㡣
ųŮֱӵӾˣɼѾŮȫͶǽಿˣΪǲֲܹʥķ
ɼȻʹסˣһʱ侹ǲ֪˵ʲô
ŮҲˣ곤һȻʹı飬֪۲˵ѡ
һ˲䣬ɫѿˣŮ¶
ôƽ͵ˣҲƽͲˡ
ŮɨһǼȻʹȻ۵ôأΪʲô
лûȫΪԼܸоλŮ̬ƫġ
ңЩͬİˣҲͬΪŮĻۡ
ȻͼЦЦȻǴˡҼȻֲʥİ취Ȼûǲܡ
һ˲䣬ŮϲŮһһصлллл
ޢŮСֻ¶Űĸ˵лл
ɼȻʹĴסˣǣǲڰѳŮޢŮߣûʥ磬ǻġ
ŮתͷǣӾˣǰѵ𣿡
ȻʹʱţǸҲûа취ûֲʥİ취ܲһİɣ
Ҳûа취ŮޱĸŮϣܲΪǷɣ
ۿԱߵļ˵鷳Ǹ֮ǰڲһޢŮʥڳ
˵ͷһʿȥɻˡ
ۿһɻĳŮ㣬ȽʥеʥհɣɰɫʥãʥͿԼƶˡǲܣٲȡͳֲʽ
ʵЩ˼飬Ů̫ˣһ㶼ûлĻ
Ů֪ôʥְֽһ
ϧǣɼ䵽ֻһС䣬ʥʥ࣬һʱ֮仹ܽʥɰɫ
Ͼٺͷңʱڽಿ䣬Ŵÿ춼ܹɰʥ
պʱ˽ޢŮʥںã۽֮ս˿ռ
ŮʥΪϵȽϷǷ˺ܴںãҲǡʱɼԭˡ
һĻλ졣
Ǳ뽭ಿɼһ£ȥಿ̽һܲ˵ಿѵʱǡ
Ȼ˭֪
-

489 Ա

Ӳ˿е֪˷飬һ˲䣬ɫѿˡ
⡣ɫѿһ塣
ΪǽಿֲܹʥҲףȥҪ취ŭԷֱŮöԷ
˭֪
ô죿ԭɫˢذ
Ͼ䲻ͬǲλŮʥѾֲˡ
ۿɲôģ߽ŮޢŮʥֲߣʹ뿪ˡ
һɼˣǳ˸ںûеڶѡ
Ͼ뿪ʥ磬Ҳ֪ǲк³
Ůͷһ۸ŵĲˣ֪ʲô
ۿһ۵ȵѵʱǷǣԼ
ŮĬãһֱ߳ɼԶŮԴڵǰɡ
˶٣͵䲻ԸԭǣҲûǶȥߡ֮ǰ˵ˣಿĹزһԺǱŮô뿴ţЩɥĵһӻսսС
ûʵϣҲ޳ȫЩˣǡ½ȱأҲˡ
αѵΪȻĮʵҲܹͨ
ŮĮһǺγĮŮ
ҷһ¡ڼСʱ򣬳ŮͻȻڵ
ʲô۲⡣
ŮתͷҺޢʥûˡ
һ漴ȻİɣģΪǵʥˣҲûа취ʥӻǡ
ŮҲûʲôģԣʵ·һһȥĶС¡
СʱѾҹˡСΪฯľԿźмֿɲ
Ȼ۸ſʿ棬Сƽƨƨߵ˹ȥ
죡һȺʵǿȻʹŵʿԼ˿Ȼôʱģ˵ҪŻ𣿡
ƽεЦЦȻתͷԻ۵ŮҪȥʥְɣ··
ոںѾˣӲӲǲܵģֻܾˣ˼ʿܴǱʰ
ȻˣǾֻܷˡ
ܶԷĴ㣬Ȱ̬ȰڳϵϣϴϴΪԼȡһ·
ˡʱڽಿ棬ܱԭصá
ЦЦƳ˶ԷһۣûоܾԷ·
ǣСŮЩ⣬ΪԷһԼһи
ˣСʥоȻֹʥŮˡ
ǡ۳ɵؿЩϤƣ²ˣ
ԶԷİĿȴȥಿ䣬ܹϳġ
Ů׿ڵʱһ꣬ٴμ
˶٣ָһԵŮΣҵİ㡣
һߵĿŮﻳҵĺӡ
۵˵ͷҸ˵ʥֲ𣿡ֲʥķǸġ
ҡͷһԵȴ˵ͷ˵Ҫô˵һ¡
һԵŮһֱܰôŵܵܺڸ۽档
ע⵽Ŀ⣬Щε⣬Ұ˵
üǸԼеŮöԷǲ˵Աա
𣿡ۿڶʵ
׵˵ͷתͷŮ㣬Ժȥһطòã
˵˺ü飬ŮǲŷӦüͷ
ۿԽöԷԱ֢ˣԱ֢ԻǳУų⵽İĻȥ
׶ķӦȻ֮УںǸطҾͿԾ㣬кܶһŮһкܶС̡
ȰŮʱһߵĿС͵С䲻˽ʥ֣ƽʱŮҪ͵͵εõϢֱӴģС䰭ʵŭԡ
Сʲôۺ
ʥ
׷˺ܴ˵Ů
֮ǰһȽŮʥ֣ͳŮһ޷ɰʥ
ֵһǣʥսռʱŮԷǳĴѰңֱҧ촽
ôһ£һʱҲ޿κΡ
û´ŮȫǺ컷µġԱ֢ⶫ춼ǳ鷳һһϦܹġ
ΪˮʱкۼˣҲͣЪ
ʱǵɽ¡䡣
ȴǸӳˡ
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490 Ů

ɽ¡ķ羰Ǽõģʱֵ֮ʡ
һƬɽУߵľݺͷУмԴζ
Ȼ
Ů㲻뿪ʥ֡
˭涨ģʮһĶ̷ŮһֻСʨӣ۾һȺҲŵԻļ棬ƾʲôҲܳʥ֣
ƾƤ𣿡
Ů㣡СõĶǲ乩ġ˵ֲ֮һݿ̱Ůˡ
Ů˸۵ǲӦϻû˭˺ôȴġο
ЦǵϹĶЩҵʥ磿
ûҵʥ磬ɵطŷ۷ۣ浱ЩҰ޺ǰˣڣ۷Ⱥɢ˰ɣ
ûҵʥ磬ܲɼЩˮΪҰ޺ǲͳˮǲͳ㣿
㣡Ů߳ŭǲġ
Ǿ͸ЦˡŮǲǽʥΪطܳܽǰĸʥѵ𣿡
㰢
һΣŮ˵Ļû˵꣬ŮʹǸˣҰĸͲΪĸѾңҲûйϵôȴûΪֻһôҪǺã
ŮŭŮɷԼƾʲôҪͷ
ƾʲôŮɫƾڰĸҵʱ͹Ůƾ԰ĸŵȻȢ֮ǰһֱƾŮڰĸٲʱ͵͵ʥֶ԰ĸҫðĸһңƾŮֹһ͵ҵĹŮã
ֿ䣬Χ˶ˡ
ɩӡŮ˵ģ̲סʵ
ΪʥǽصĹϵǵһοŮЩȻҲǵһ
ȻǼٵģعɩæϵҶ֪ŮˣŮ
û˵꣬Ů͵˵ôͰҰֵ
ܸߣɩҲ͵С֪鲻ĸһܵ˺ġ
ԱԭҪָ˶ʱ˵ˡ
ȻŮȴˣ֪νĸĸֻΪ׿Խ츳ã֪ԼʵŮĶӣ֪Լİˣ֪ԼһֱõࡣҰֶԣȷ˺
㡭
˵ˣƣŮ
ɩȻƬ̣ſڵҲô˵أȶԼĶӻҪáˣôô׽飿
Ǿ͸Ұ࣡ŮֵҰԼȥжϣĸŮ˶ĻǼ⡣
ԣ˷׷׻ȻˣһƬĸ֮ģôĺĸ
ԣɩܻŮ麦ģ˵ܶ顭
ŮٴδĻˣʶҰķ֮ǰһԣ峤ȥʥ֣ȴû˳ˮ۽ӽҰĸǸŮ˸޳һʼʹİҰȻҰһӵ⡣
˵˵ɩһֱʥУΪʲô֪£
ҵȻ֪Ůһ꿪ʼÿ϶߳ʥ֣ǶԹŮǽǣ˲֪ٴΡǵƣҸһ
ΪһӣŮôǰȻƵġ
ȻϣȴȻ
䣬һʥ֣Ӵ˵Ů
̬ȶӰ˵ЩȴǴ˶ŵġ
ɩȻҲһ㣬ֱӳȥðкŮ˵˵
ȻûŮȴѾһ˿
ɩӻҪȥ׷˰ȴ޿ˡ
ס֣ǳ
ɩӵתͷпɣɩȴһ˲ȶˣ졭
ޱؿɩӣŮ˵Ķģ
ңҡɩҪѣǶϸ۵׵⣬ȴŵ˵ϡ
֮£һʱȴֲ˲֪ȴ֪ģľ˾˾ŮĸףŮλףȴһֱصĸȥ֮ûٳɻ飬λŮӹŮҲһֱΪػ
ܵ˾˵Ӱ죬ҲһֱܹŮ
ŮλֳΪ˲սˣζͬŮġ
Ȼһеǰܹס졣
-

491 į

ŮĿȴЩӣûе⣬ҲûѺãҪ˵ĻĮȻ
ΪֹһΣ˵ĸǱ˺ģȴš
ֻΪĸǰ̫ˣ顣ҲˣΪ˵Ҳܵ˰ĸӰ졣
Ϊ˵öˣʼܶ
ʱ򣬴ŮĿⷴ䵽˻ۼϡ
Īأ֪⼸˶Ů
Ůԥ£ʵǶŮǲǣ
۵˵ͷ
˰ĺϷдŮһкøСʵϣΪĹϵŮֳ֣һر𰲾ɵģģһرŵģġ
ȻһŮǶûѡ񷴿ĬΪŮµĹء
ŮͬͻСȴﲻͬ˸ԼƶĹ򣬴Ӷ˷
ʮһյ͵͵߳ʥ֡
Ů۾һˣ߰ɣﶼãֻҪɽ¡С
գգ۾ɿһԱߵĸ
Ҳ쳣ʧ䣬Ů
鶼ȥͲҪ˵ҵĻˡŮɴĻ򣬽ҼҲҪ뿪ط
Ͷ˶㸸ף顭Ҳﲻ
ΪҰĸͶ̣ʮһҲֻٻ꣬Ժĸﲻ𣿡ŮЦ
ĬȻȴǲ֪ô͡
ΪҲȷʵġ
ˡŮڵҰִߣܱƭһӡ
һüʵûнԼľ߲ˣ
ɱܿĿ⣬һµҡһֱЩԥ
ôλ췴ҪǿһЩȻ
۵Ŀ⿴ɩӣΪѶϣ˷졣
ŮĽ˵ǳŮȥģ֪Ȼ֮ǰʹŮϳԶ׼
һʱ䣬ĿѾð
ȻˡŮЦԺǾŹ··ҲҪλŮˡ
ʱп˵˵ʲô
˵Ҫ㣬û㣬ಿܲǣ
ĻҲ˵ġ
ŮİһܾС֪֮꣬һԥҪҪŮߣǴɲǵᣬֱӾĶ䡣
СԸոϵİãǲһ޴룬һҲҷ
ʱ䱾ͺܸϣôŮʥʥֽʥڳսռ۵Ҳҵʱ䣬ֱӾһȥˡ
粿ͱ䶼Ƶ˳һֻʣҹⲿˡ
һҹû˯Ѿ۵˼¡
ԼпɣŮȦֱܸۡ
ۣ˵ţǰ£ʾȥ
æҡͷðһܼ֡˵·ϵʹȻæ·ʥﻹɱ۶ˣôټĸ
Ů˵ʲôԸμˣֻܵ˸˵㡣
ҹⲿԶģȻȴ鷳
²˭
һģһ˫̥ڻǰϵתȦЦû۷ֱǡ
һӣһңӣӳҾӴΣꡣ
˶ԣҪȻףǶֱܹĻ۶ȴʲô⡣
ǣ˵Խûϡ
ԼˣҲΪֱܷǣֻΪ´ˡ
һεǸӣҶ軵ˣŮ⣬ҡ
˵ҽѵ䣬ǻ⻰ֺ̫ãһʱЩڨڨ
ƳһۣԼֱӶְɡ
˵ǿƵĻ֮󣬳ϵǣͻȻôؿ
۵ܺú˵𣿡
ӣŮŮһۣӣŮڵߣ𣿡
˸˵𣿡Ůŵ
Ҫͺöһ׽Բء
è׽󡣡
ҲֻһԷ

СŮһһ˵˵Խ࣬۶˵պ޾Խ١
˵ףֻįҪ˶ȥĺӡ
˵˰һֱûпڣӣŮŮЩ
̾˿ǵ˵ģеġ
һ˲䣬ӵ۾
ܻԼûвȻСԣȴǵİݡ
Ǵûġ
׽Ū˵ʱֻܹܵǱ˶ǵ͡
ָоʵô죬ȻǲĻǾ͸įˡ
-

492 ²

ڽӣŮŮӵʱ򣬻ŵѾˡ
Ҳᣬ˵ˣǸϽϻȥɡ
Ѿ۵˼£˶֪ڲϢʱ
ļˣŮֲס
Ůһڣ켸ҹ˯ֱȥҲ֡
ԼΣҫ֮ȵʱ˵켸ҹ˯²˯ʱҲûУʱ콵ֻ֣ץÿһÿһ˯ϼʮӣ˯ϰСʱĪӷ·ա
ᣬȻƣۣҲ˫ŷ·ԼģȻȴòܼ֡
ȻõģҲá
Ůľʿϵʱ׻ֲ˵뷨˼ıϡ
۵Ļñ˱ҡſڼϵ
˵ͷȴžԲ˱ŮǼӣ
۲֪뷨Ҳۼˣûһſڼı˯ˡ
оŮƽȵĺɵŲŮõ
ѹʱ򣬷ԼڼıϣЩԺ
̧ͷˣ˯һᣬаǾܵˡ
æҡͷãԼߡ
Ҳûǿ󣬽
ҪҪԵ㶫˵ţѾӻȡһеȵ׺һСɵ˹ЩǸˮˣҪǿڿʾһ̡
һüʲôˣԼҰʲôӣҪ϶˵ˮ˵һ̣ɼǷʲôø·Ҫ
ӵѾкˡһԵ׽͵Ȼʹܸоǳ񱩵ˮϵͷϵܱܿĻ˶ɥ
۵˵ͷǾ͸Ͻ·ɡ
˵ţȴЩɻӾĴ£ƺͮûᵽ
ϱӲûзǷ˵Ϊȱʧǵˣ
ȴǲ֪ڽಿͮ߶ԣ¾ԲԣҼǵúϱӸûз顣
ȷӻɵϱôҲǵ˰ɣ
¡ܻͮңĻӾĴ£ʮʮ꣬Ҳ϶˵𣬵˵𣿡
Ŀһ˲˲ؿһۣȷû˵
ˣΪ½˷رǿЩȻʹʵǿҲǲںˣ˳Ůץķ²ΪūĻᶼûС
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㵽ҪʲôӲ
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һ㶣漴ҡͷⷴǺ£һʮʱ׼ҲЩˡ
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кܴĿܣϱӲûзӾ̵顣
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Ǹոϵಿ䣬ͿԶˡۿɼİɫ˷ɳ嵽߿գȻ£һһϯ
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죬Ҫ飬Ͻߣһǣ˵Ϳں
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ֱˡ
Ůɻڸɷιˮڽ͵ƽʱ̶ֳȵģӾ̣ˮϵͷϵܲٿصȻŨࡣ
ȻʹһַǳĴڣͬڻ֪еЩȻǱûԿԵġ
Ҳ˵ǲٿصȫȡĻ
ûκȻǳǿһЩͨû
֮㹻Ȼܱǿ
ȻÿȻʹȻʺǲͬģȻʹʵĻֱ׼
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493 ײ

ಿʵͽˣΪлܣʿҲǰηηˡ
ԭֻҪҶǾܲȥԡҲֻй֮ǰΪܹڶгʳиǺͯϺĶգû㹻ʳﶼᰤȥ
ȻһˣʳﹻΪĥʵʿǼÿ춼ԡ
ĺһЩĸĸ׵ĺҲһȥˡ
ʵ÷һЩƤ֮ʹܹǿΪʲôȥͯӰʲôģҲû˶
˵ˣ˵ѾȥĩͻƳΪȻˡ
ȻͨҲѾһǰͻƳΪȻˡ
Ů˽󶼻Ὣŵͥͺϣ֮ǰвҲǲʿ
˵뽭ಿĶԭȻִڵġ
ȻಿʿٿصķֻԼˣںЩ׺ŵСβͣȴǸûйϵġ
̲סͷЩæҼѵظںˡ
ԼҰһۣüôȥǣ
ദû죬նѾ˽ˣЩεûУҾǡ
Ҳ˵
ĸ̬ȿƺܺãʵһֱЩΥ͡
ǴżСһ˻Ƕˣȴ
Ȼŵܵãȴ
Ӧһ£ȻʵǺܸˣֻ˵΢ʲô
ȴܾãԼ͸ĸСǸĸܡ
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ֻǣ˵ȫ⻹ƭ˵ġ
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԰ŮԭԸðҰĸȥʥչ˵˵ϸģҲƯ
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ûҲҪŮû´ŮȴѲˣɽ¡䶼Ҫˡ
ֱ̫˽ˣһ䶼Ҫˡ
ˣһˣô£
ǰǲϲŮտŮģҲ
治֪ʲôԻ

ԭڲ䲻˵ǷҲԹʣȻᣬȴһһǱ˵ĺӣҲͷӡ
ԶԶһĻĬ̾˿
֪֪Ӧøɴؽ˸ġ
ԭȻ²ˣȻŮѾˣֻǳͽһͬŮҪ뷨
ȻŴҶ˵ַͻȻʶʵϣһҲᡣ
ҲͻȻʶԼŮҲãԴŮҲãʵһҲƽ
ΪĹƽվֻΪ
ϾŮͲͨˣǵĸҲԶͨˣͨᲢۣһֲƽ
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ǷֵʳԽԽ٣ǷֵֵʳҲܱߡ
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һγУһʼˣΪһŮõֵϢôסʥ
ʥƶٶνǸжģҲ˵˵Ǿᱻ˦
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״˶˿
ѵ죬뿪Ӻˮ̵ķ
ڰȫ𣿡Щ㷵ʵ
ҡͷ̧ͷԶӿĺˮӾ̣һ·ػãأǿ϶ײʱʲô⻹˵
׻˵õĲ黵顣
һ죬ǲһط¶Ӫȥ̽ʿһɱ˻
ˣͷɫӺˮ׳ˡ
ν׳أȴһϵء
׻˵ˮݣȻײϣϷϵң֪ʲô
ɫһ䣬׼ӪأϽ
ʱ˭ҲұԹ
۽һȺиͺӸϵʥϣԼŶѡ
һɽϣͷһͿ޴ˮӺըЩըˮȴͬõĳֱըԵļӳ֣ڵһ˿
ۿţҪˣ
-

494 

Ҫ֣ȴۼֿץסϽʥᱣ㣡
ʥ粻ˣʥļӲȴǳģֻҪҲκβ
üԸ
ڵֻҪڴ֮ƣ֮иģʲôùܡ
Ϊף֪ԼŮûԱ֮˵ģβĸȥأԶҲ׾ٽ޽ˡ
ǣˣҲΪһȥԼŮ
ɫۣҪֻ֪˶ǿಿǿ󡣡
ԣ۵ĽŲһ٣˵ͷá
ۿŮص֮У˻ֺ׼ˮϵϣ
һ˲䣬ˮһʿĽк޴Ļ赲ס˴Զˮ
ǲˮĻٺ񣬵Ǳˮͻˡ
һʱ䣬ҽ˷
Ȼһ̣ɳЩҽʧˡ
ԽԽˮɳˮĻһδһδɢԽԽָ࣬ٶҲԽԽ졣
϶ԣЩںĲûõĴˡ
۲ûиƣܼǡΪ˴ˣһͷǣǺܿͻǡ
ߵȻ˵ȴһ˲ͱκãܵĴ̼ˡ
Ů
ŮȾң
ȾҰĸ
ȾҶӣ
Ҳ

һȣȴʼûжݡ
һԵĳŮͶ˶ȴû˵ʲô
ȴʱһ޺
ŮǴˣǲŮԭǰɣԺ󲻸ˣ
ֳذһ˲
Ȼ˶ʼ޺ϴǸ
һֱڵȣȵλҲʼϴ֣ɫĹɳһ˻˻
Ǽ֮аɡ۴̽ͷ
һСڣϽͷȥ
֪ȺսڶΪлŮֻҪŮúõģ˶û¡֮ҪǻŮˣǶҲǿˡ
Щεͷ
ˮԽԽ٣鵽ȴûн
ֵʱЩҰ޺Ҳû⣬֮ǰҲСģʱʥ绹á
ȻڣΪЩˮ˻ʥʧЧЩҰ޺ȴǱܲˡ
·üתͷԻ۵ȥ㰢æ
ԭŮԣֻҪûлеĻŮ˼ȥæˡ
㣬ҲȥʱһԵĶڵ
۶ûüֹʹʥȥ
ͷӰҲ޷˵ȥ
۵ĶʱЩҲ֪֪֮ԼʵޣЩ޳֣ǼһЩͨҰޡ
̾˿һ̣ʥͻȻƮ˼ɫĹЩɫĹ˼ͷ޵Դ
һʱ䣬Ǽֻ޶ͣһ֮ЩͻȻͷʼǵͬࡣ
ǻŵõΪƿĹϵһֻü⻹һʵսС
ϾùٿǣǸϲþٿй
ᣬĿֻǾܱЩˡ
ҲۣҲҲͺãǺӡǿԣϣʱ;ܹҲԲʲôõ顣
ôһ֣ȴǱһ
ǡӵ۾ʵ
ǡ۵ֻǾٿأʵһرĻǸ͹һܹʹõġ
۾ֻܲٿ𣿡
ȻǡƳһ۵ֻҪоĴڶܹٿأˡԽǿ󣬲ٿѶȱԽߡһʧˣбٿصķաû˵ǣûоĴڲٿס
ˣӵ۾Ҳʼˡ
һսҹֹȵӺˮƽϢҰ޺޲Žˡ
ʱѾˮˡңΪҰ޺޵ˮѾѪɫˡ
۵ĵؿǺһиǲκβʣ˿
һ·۵ͷ
ҡͷ㰢ĸͳˡ
̫ˣȫ·Ļǲܵģ߻·ܲǶвİɣ
涼ˮĻһʪ
᲻ùŮһ˸·
ü죬˳ȥ̽һ£ҸƸߵĵطӪ
˵ҲĴ㡣
-

495 ˼

ɽҰѪĺˮ˵ߣǸ·Ͳһ׵顣
Ůʲô۵ƸߵĵطһʺϽ貿䣬Ƶ͵ĵط·̫㡣
޷ˮȡڵˮŨŮľҲ롣ЩȻʹãͨһСˮܹļʷǳС
⡣ۿڵʥܹˮе
˵ţЩźϧöŮʥĿռУĻܹմԼѪĻǲġ
䣬ȷĸ£ûһ
Ҳˣͣ
ҡҡͷûǸҪ
һҲǣһк̫ˣûͣԭصıҪ
ˮȣҲѡۿڵʥ̽
һ㶣һԵȾȵܿʥƶ򣿡
۵ͷ漴üѵǲܣ
ѾǰʥŮ׷ҡͷ
ǽʥеİɡҲû⡣
ġ
ҡͷϱӵŮһ㡣
ҸƸһĵطڵٵõȵЩˮɺԣǲܹٴγ
֮󣬲ٴοʼ·ˡ
Ȼ֮ǰɱ˲Ұ޺ޣ˵ӦòȱʳȻ᲻ǶⱣ治ף˳˿ʼǿԳӳ⣬˺棬¾Ͳ̫ˡ
ǲòһ·ߣһ·ԡ
У˵ʥã۵ʥȴۿɼٶڲϵس
ʱʱر̧ͷȥ۵ʥ
ʥΪܾ޴޷Сģ˵۵ʥԱκһλŮʥˡ
Ů
ĪļԼѡȷġ
Ӵߵ죬߿յͷԽԽңӾ̵µĺˮҲԽԽ١
ڼ䣬۾˺ܶ˵ˣЩˣⶼ˽ಿ䡣
һ죬۾һ߰Ů
ŮһƯˮ棬׳ϣôںˮƯ
۷ʱѾջˡ
һʼû⣬ֻͨߣ֮Ϊ֮󣬾ȥæˡ
ȻҹŮȴһŵ۲ˣǸСŮͻȻ˺ܶѪ
Щ£˵ʲô
ҹ˾֪ˡŮһʱ䲻֪ô˵ɴ
Ȼ󣬻۾ͿһȫѪҺеСŮ
Ůʧɫôֱˣ
һԵķŮ͵֮ѿ˺ܶ˿ڡ
Ļû˵꣬۾ͿСŮĶͷͻȻһߣԽԽ˿ѪҲɽ
룬۳ȥ֮ʵʣ˶Էϡ
ȻϵǣСŮϵ˿Ȼϣȴи˿ڱѿȻϣܶʼѭϡ
ô£ΧŮŵˡ
üڵŮŮ
˼ǡգգ۾ʥѣûˣҲᱻǣ
ӵ˵ͷ
üҿɲǵʥŮ֮Ĺϵܵز
ʥŮȷʵܶǣ˫ȴǹͬе˺Ĺϵ
ǳ㣬СŮûа취͡
ü⺢һֱûѹ𣿡
ѹŮڵƺŻˣ𻰶û˵һֱںĸ
ۿڵȲܣһҪ˵һĻǵĲ²ȷģҪҵСŮʥҲڴ롣
˵ʥͨѰľߴ󣬵ǲ˵Ȼоûְο˭֪ԷʥʲôСŮģ˵ʥһҲûŰ
СŮôһֱֲϴˣлһԣˡ
òף˵죬СŮʶˣȻȴ˷ˡ
ҡҽѿ
ŮҡҲŮ
Ҳ֪ĸǿȥȾҵİĸ

СŮ϶У֪Ǳĸһϵġ
Ҫǣƺǲˡ
˵ĸǰűһ֮ǰĸŮһֱڵˡ
ô£ۿʵ
ԲԡŮȿڵ
ŮҲͷһĸŮʵǳǿ󣬷ǲ˵ġѿ˼ĸŮ˵ʱ䲢̡
СŮŵѿ֪Ϊʲôƺ϶ĸš
˶٣϶ҿЩ˼
-

496 Ѱ

ȷʵ
ɻֶ֮ѿһѯʡ
ѿƺҲ𽥴ӿֻ侲˵ĻҲԽԽ
ˮˣˣҽʦ˵׸ȾӣҰĸңҰĸϣǾͰǿˡѿϸϸ
üϵ㰢ĸϵģ
ѿҡͷǲԸİġ
СЩүŶǺˣˮʱǶڱҡ
㰢ĸأ㰢ĸ֮ǰ˵ʲô𣿡Ůʵ
ѿͷĸҵ˵ҡ
⡭
ѵСŮĸĪΣ
룬ѿڵǰĸ˵ܿ
ǰ
ɫһ٣ʵǻûн벿ʱûҰ޺𣿡
ѿգգ۾ͷȻˡ
üѵԼˣʵѿİĸֻһλʵǿȻʹ
ô룬ڵϲСӺС¹ЩҲϲΪǵⶼܺóԡĸ˵ˣЩ޶Լײģÿ춼ϡ
Լײģһ
Ҳòԡ
ʵϣʥ޲ֻǷ˵һЩԵġ
۵ʥγɣҰ޺ޱɵȥ֪ˡ
ֻȻǵȴҲɵӣǲȥʥײġ
ǡ
ʥģǾһԻʵġǿڵ
飬п𣿡ɵ
пܵġӿڵʳܹ
ʱǳһֲ֪ʥʥܹӵ˶
ǱأʵǸټĴڡ
ʵϣȻֲٶһЩȻܹ֮Ϊģȴ֮١
˵½ǻƧĵطˣǱ̺½ⶫҲ
䣬˳һ̻صҲԣúܽһ׵ӡڳ֮ƽƽ棬еĻøְ취
̫ˣҪҵѿİĸ²̫ס̾
ԣһԵѿȴǼ֪֪ĸ
һ
ȴѿһе֪ҡ
˰ŰɣҲһԡ
֪ǵĴʵŮҪȥ
ȥɡѿĸ׿Ǻúܵġ
ģԼΪ׵λʿȥ
ѿ㰢ĸԶ𣿡ֱԷ²̫ãϾŮӺˮʱҲûޡ
ĻԷҲᱻŮ
ѿıûκδĻ
ԣѿЩɻصҲ֪
ЩΣתͷˣʲô⣬ǻ֪ͨǣû˵ް
ͷס
γвûʥţϾܶסʥУŲ㡣
ȳˣ۲ŷѿʵ֪ĸֻǡֱ֪ĸܹҵĸ
üСԹŮô²̫ף
ҲЩΣǵԿɡ
һ߾ǰ죬еʿѾòˣȴʱѿһ˷ܵˣĸǰ档
Ȼһ˸ѿƹһôȴʲô˶û
Ҳʲô˶ûС
۵ĿɨֳƯˮϵʬ壬Ѿ˺üˣ򲻻Ưˮ
ĸĸѿЩĸҺ¡
˵棬ѿҭ
üԼڸһҡ
һ˼кܴĿѿİĸѾˣֻʬûиˮ档
˵ͷһȺ˿ʼæ
Ҷңѿ࣬ȴûֹͣѰҡ
۲ССһҵܳˮ׵ĸףҲûֹ
ʱеæܱûҪá
벻Сʱѿ;еҰĸģ
߹ȥһͼѿһƶСӵҰĸڲϵӣһ
ȴѾˡ
۾ûϹʲôӣһʥְ
һ˺ۣѾѺ۵ʥ֡
ѵ
һҪ֪ʥû֮ǰʥ粢ǸŮܵģǸʥܵġ
ϵĻӦþѿʥˣ֮ǰ԰ĸĸӦʵǶʥֵĸӦ
ΪŮҲܹӦԼʥʲôطġ
ʥĿǰ״̫ãʥ綼άֲˡ
ţ̧֣֮֮ǡ
-

497 Ů

ʥֵӵûкö٣˻һ㶼ûϧ֮ʵʣۿɼٶ޸ʥϵ˺ۡ
ףѪˡѿɴ۾ԼϵѪһһʧûµɡ
ʵϣһֱûֵֹ֮ͣõڣ͹ˡ
üĿɨܣطֲûʥγɡ
һˣᵽӺˮʥȷγɡ
ʥֵûˮҲ޷γʥ硣
ʱǱҲзˡ
ʲôΪˮȻһ㶯ͻᱻע⵽
ˮ˵Ķͣ
ͻȻָһ
˿ȥͼһˮţݴ֡
üȥ
˵ţ˾ͳȥ
۵һһգգضƬˮ档
֪ãһ˴ˮðͷ
ĸ
ǻÿ죬ѿƵһͷˮ档
ʱ򣬼Ѿ˻۵ߡ˷ŵ֦ϣ۵ͷһһɫ԰Ůˣɫͼ°ͣĴ¿ЩŮȴҲ
ĸѿϲϲ˵Ů˵ϡ
üȻʼʥ֮
ȻŮ˵ɫۿɼñ
üѵԼ֮ǰ´ˣʥʵѿĶŮ˵ģ
Ů˵ɫȻˣȴʼûѹ
˰СʱŮѹ۱ôȻȥˡ
ع󲿶֮ѿİĸС
ԷһֱûѣҲʱʱعȥһơ
˵ڶϣ˹֪ͨˡ
۸Ϲȥʱǽŵʱ
ŮȻڴϣȴһҲһֽѿ۾ʲôˣ
ʱ򣬻ѾǰĸŮˡ
Ů̧ͷһۣȻš
ָѿŮ֪ˡ
Ůһ漴Ůѿ
ѿʱҲӦˣ˵ͷŮ˵ģˮʱ򣬲İүΪ˱ˡ֯ſʱһᱻͰҰһϡǻŮңȻҾ˻ҲǻŮҵ˰ĸ˰ĸ
ŮŮüۡ
۵ͷ
ܹоԷеĵ⡣
Ů˿ڵҽв裬ҲһŮ
۵˵ͷҵ֪ˣһˣǣ룬ӣ٣Ƿҡ
ڳССŮһ飬󣬲һ㲹ǶŮ
ԣһֱ侲ĲŮĿɿڴ˵ǶŮ
۵ͷӦҲһоûеĲ𣿡
˵ŮͨŮʲôͬǣͬΪŮһ֪
Ͼڸ뻷гģŮʶбڳˡ
ŮĬƬ̣ʲôЦôŮ
Ȼ˵ڳȴԸоԷĵǳࡣ
ǸŮģȻλŮԴеˡǻûпڣͿʵĸģ
˶һۣûвԷʡ
ͬΪŮû˻Ǹ²Ůˡ֪һЩöԷģǲ⽫֪Ķ
ǽಿġŮС
Ů׼ȷ˵ǽಿġ˻ۺӣԭǽಿˡ
ŮȻɻ
ŮһԲۿˣΪŮӦñʥֵġһ㶼Щأȥͳȥ˽ʥ־ͽʥ֡ңԭڲʱ;ȥŶʱӻûгಿֻһλŮǾýಿãͶ˽ಿ䡣
Ů̲סʵˣѵʥ粻ߣ
ʵЩ΢
ۺӶһۡ
һԵŮش߰ԽಿΪ˰ȫҲֻܸʥܡ
Ůû뵽ĻشһµಿͲܣ
ôܣλشǻۣһŮܹɱһǳңǲҪңȨﲻ𣿡
ƺǵһ˵ŮĬһºɱˣĺв㡣
˶٣˻һ۵ˣ̫Сˣж㲻á
ȵȡ۵ɫ˼ǣ£
ŮҲĿƵؿ˹
ǵ飬ͷ·ܹԼһ
ŮֹȴװһںΪҰĸϸҰ֮ӣԭͰҰɱˡǻ꣬ĸһ𣬲һˡ
-

498 ǣ

۵Ѿ¶ŭˡ
Ȼû뵽ǣŮּû뵽ĸˣȻյҲû̫ڣϾʱѾˡΪҸҰĸһʱʱҰĸҡ
ҳ껹аʱ䣬Ϊҷʥѡе˲ģͽҵҸԷͬӡ
ŮƢ̲סˣȻҲöԷסˣ
û취ŮҰֺͰܶ
Ǻأۿʵ
ֱŮ˳ܵĴڡ
ȻԷڵ̵꣬ΪӡǡʱҰֺͰС
˶٣ҰֺͰܵʵǿͬʿȴˡ󣬼ֶֶŮͱвҡ
ŮЦ·һ£պҵķڣ޿ֱ̣ӽĶɱˡ
˵һ
ǵ۾ЩֶֶŮ
ʲôϵŮںСʱңҲһֱŬҵİֺͰܣֻѪԵϵֶֶŮǱȲΪֱҪ
Ƕ𣿡Ů̲סʵ
ˡŮ˱۾ȻҲһ㴥ûС
㡭ŮСʵ
ҲҶҡ˶٣ŮһֻһŮʱһˡ
ǡŮƳѿһۣǸӾѿ
ǡ˵£Ů·ʲôһЦѿŮʵҵŮ
û뵽ᶪôһףʱһȻȥѿ
ϵǣѿϲûκξĵĺۼ
ѿһֱ֪ûŮѿԴѿؿϡ
Ů˵ѿҵֶŮҵİɩΪֶŮԵʱԻ޸ˣȻʱʵѾ˰ֵĹѪ
ٲǰ±췢ˣɩŶӽʥҾ
˶٣ɫӵɩҲǺҵģȻңȻ졣
ŮһŵǺôˣ
ŮҵʱѾ˸ˣΪܾȰɩֱöȥײǣԼˡ
֪ʥֻ»֣һŮڣһŮʱ
֮󡭡ô죿Ůʵеص
ЩΣŮʱ벻ô࣬һһ
ǹһĨЦݵû뵽ҵôáһŮزˡҰɩҲһŮѿ
ϵǣӶŮ
ʱҾ뵽һ취ѿðҵŮ򴽵Ϊ˲ɣҵʱҪŮʥֲȴ
ı鸴ӣȴǲµˣŮʥˣ
Ůû뵽µһµͷǵģŮʥ֮ҵʥ˰ɫΪѿŮҰɩ߶ˣʲôҲ
ΪԼľɩԭҲѿи
졭Ӧɵģ֤ݾûŮʬйߣ˺úðˡ
ֻΪѿŮ֪ǰֵĹѪҲʲô
ѿʥ֡ü
һŮͻʥسʥġ
ҹƵġŮЦʱҷԼʥܹƶˣ˵ûѿʥءҲܼ򵥣᳤ĵλñͺ⣬ÿһʱͻʯ˲֪ʥתƣǨ㡣Ҿ͸˵ԼŹҪˣˣǿҸʵĵطѿʥ¡
ͬˣ²֪ͨ˵ѿֻͨˡ㣬ѿҲһֱ֪ԼŮ
ѿˣ۲²
ŮͷһγӷǳգãгԵһʥֱ͸ɫӵԻõǹƻᱻץȥ
Щɻѿʥô£
ΪѿҲһ˾죬Ů͵ţֻͨĹӣѿһһŷųˡ֮֮Ҹѿ֮˷ǳصǣ
һԵʲŮ֮ǰļӣ˻ȥ
ŮΪ˱ֶֶŮܲܣ˵ǼƺͲϲµĺˡ
ơǼӸŷ᳤һ˰ɡ
½ûŮ䶼³
-

499 

벿ô£ۺΪйӦòҪ벿ǡ
ԣҲؿ˹
ŮɫмŤ΢ҵȻ벿䣬ȴˡ
ƣ
˾ȣΪʵ벻ʲôƲŮˡ
ŮƲƲŮҲǸŮ
˶٣һϵ䣬һҪòȥŮ
ϵŮ
ڵ˶̲סɫ΢
ĸ˵氢𣿡һԵѿ̧ͷʵ
Ů˶٣ŮԴ
ѿС氢źܺõģҺóԵģҽ¡
Ů˸ۣȻ۵㿴ˣǸŮ˿Ǻƣѿסˡѿ˵ϲյ䣬Ҫѵܸ
ѿһĸڲҲúܿġ
Ů۾㻹˵Щ˱Ұˣ
۵˵յ˼ŮûŮΪסңһ󣬵յĸŮȷʵĥѿСһֱ˶ãʹúùӣ˭֪
뵽ԼǿѿŮҧҾ֪ЩûһǺö
ЩүűҡѿСңҲΪҷ˸ȣȷʵпܴȾӡԣҲˡ
գգ۾ѵյôˣ
ĺŮ˻˼һһ򾡡
ԣŮı鲻ЩӣһһµŮԴʲôûüٵʱΪǽ赲ǰҵԻ
˶٣ӲֻΪǲΨһŮѡ
ĸӦ˵ллѿգ۾үҲãʹҲãʵǻˡ
ŮĻŮ鸴Ӽˡ
ϲѿȻѿȴȥİô񣬺İĸҲô
Ȼûк³ġ
ûйϵԱѿ
΢ɲ˿ȻʵԺ뷨
ϵǣŮһۣڵҪ뽭ಿ䡣

㲻ǲβ𣿡Ůѿʵ
ŮĬƬ̺ಿ䲻һĿ䵽ϣڵŮȨĲ䣬ӦòȺŮɣ
ʵϣȴ룺Լѵбѡ
Ӿ̣ŮԿɲȫȥǷڽಿ䰲
ǽಿЩŮ˵ãȻû⣬ԼҲ㡣
ҪǣĿƳһŮ
֮ǰû룬Ȼȴһ£ಿŮܹȻǵʥܹƶġ
ãԼһֱڲҳʥ֮ʥķʽڽಿⷽջǾٺòˡ
Ů֮ǰǼǶҲ˲СҲûж뿪ˡ
ǲɵȻŮѡֻơ
ȴһֱ˻۵С
ʲô𣿡۽ϥͷʵ
ʶŮӿڵ
һ㶣漴˵ϱӣ
ӵ˵ͷλŮϱӿȻкܴܽʥɺڽɫ
ǰģʵ
ҡͷǣͮ²ŮһԼ뵽̺½Ĳġ
һ룬Ҳ֣ϾŮ½ûȻиңʱʶʱġ
˵ڱ̺½ŮĴȷʵҪ½ź࣬кøҲһ顣
ӵȴЩ΢ȴû˵ѿ
һ˼ǣϱѿˣ
ӵͷڸȡ
üǣѿŮǹϵ𣿡
ҾͲ֪ˣʲôֻͣߡŮ֮ǰ˻ѡ˶٣㲻ѣҲӦ
ԵûԼ֮ڲŮֻһİˣԷԼҲ֮顣
ʱܿ㵽գյıɹ£ˮڽˣಿҲʼѰҺʵĲص㡣
ڶ֮ǰһҪٺã򣬴ҾΣˡ
˵Ϥûʤˡ
Ϊ׵ļ˵ʲõؿʼԵΪԺĺӶذǿΡ
ռȥʱ򣬽ಿѡ˲ص㡪һ£кɭ֣ǰһɽȣΧŷʢѹĵط
-

500 ֮

ݱؽ²ʱ򣬻ȴ¡׵ˡ
ȥˣ
Ļ¼˻ã׵Ķͷȴǲð亹
עǵı飬״ǵһʱ佫Ŀ䵽ϣף֪ǲǣ
֮ǰæȥŮֲʥæźʹһѣûж롣
Ȼᰲһͷ⡣
ҵӣ׶ܸϹչ˰㣬ôûл
͸ŲѰ
ף¼Ҳ˹
Ǹ׸ҿۣӲͷƤҲҸġ
üȷ˵
Ҫҡͷ۾͵Ҫǲ˵Ҿһȥ
Ҳúܣɿʵҵȥˣ
ԣײϽ͵ļһһܣºұ˲ǲǣ
ȻµûеڶѡҪǻȥң·;в£ҿ϶ҲˣҪǳ¡
εȥ֮ˡ
֮ţ
һɻһԵȴһ㤵̧ͷ˵ȥ
Թؿһۣ֪Լ˰ɣ
Իһ˲˲Ŀ⣬ֻ˵ʵ֮һأ˵УֻҪ֮ţܹͻȻʣǡ
ʲôٳٲ˵ȥ̲סʵ
Сǰȥ֮ŵ˺ܶ࣬ΪֹɹһûС
ɫһʧܵĺʲô
¿ڵû֮ĵڶ³
תͷףô£Ҳʮ꣬ôôȥ֮ţ
ҵ츳ǲʷǿģ˲ȴ֪гȥ֮ŵͷ
ȻȲ˵û¶ģ¶ģҲڡ
ΪҿҪˡĨ˰֮ǰĴ֮һ˶ҪˣҲ֮ŵü塣
֮һַǳȻЩЩ֮ͬ˵Ϊ֮ǻġ
һ£̫֮֮Уÿʮ֮꣬ͻ̫гڼû˾ˣˣ֮ͻὫ˵ű
Ȼ˲²ʵǿ֮Ǿ޺
Ȼ˵ȴʼûеõ֤ʵ
µɫˣû뵽˵ôʵϣҶȥ֮ض
üͷΪʲô˾Ҫ֮ţ
Ϊ˵ܹ֮Ťת˵һвܱɿܡ׵
ü˵ʲôݣ
ݵȻеġ׿ڵ֮ź֮һǻᶯءȻû˴֮ţ֮һܻһЩ˼鷢硭
뵽ȥȱΪ֮ŴӷĹ˳Ϊ֮һٴȻʹȻʣΪ֮˲ϢӵԼá֮֮һַǳĴڡ
ѵ֮֮֮ţȴһȵؿʵ
׵ͷǵģֹ֮ŻҴˣͷ·ȥһ㡣㣬Ҷ··עõһ㣬Լּ֣Ծ͡
͵͵˻һۡ
üҪ˵ƭ˵ġʵϣ޲ھܵҵߣһʲ֮š
ڵԲĲ˵ЩŮʥɶռУֲ֮ǰ߲ġ
Ͼм¾Ƕˣ᲻ֲãֻܵ꿪ˡ
֮ǰкüŮҪء
˲ͬŮҪʥػ½еġ
˵һķҲҪˡ
ֻýͷö룬֣һƹԴʥƮ䣬䵽ĵʱѾһɫľʯ
ʵϣҲ֪žʯʲôá
֮ǰӡǸ֮ӵеֱ״а
˭һˣҽҡ۽ɫʯݳȥ
һȺҪ˻Ŀ⣬ʶǰӹɫʯڵҾɣ֮ſɲѰܹȥġ
ʵûùʱȴǲҸˮġ
ȴǲ֪ΪΣһҲľʯᵽҵ
֮У̧ͷʬǶѻɵɽȭͷգһ̣ڵ֮ӿĻ𺣷ӿ
һϢ֮䣬ɽʧ٣ȡ֮ȴǳĵˡ
Щ޲ɷ죬Ʊ֮й֮޲
ȻЩٶȻʣԶ䡣
֮ʣﾹһ㺦¶
-

501 ˼

·еڶʶռ飬ԷĵĮ˫·ǰһУַ·ʲôû
ʲôӿΡ룬Զɼ
֮
ŭ֮͵شվСȻҡ
ôˣǡǣӺ洫
ŭ֮תͷЩؿŸŮҪ˯һôھˣ
֪Ů΢΢üͷ·ڤڤһѹһ㡣
ף
ŭ֮һײʱ˿̣߲õĽһᷢʲôǳҪ顣
ٶԸŮҪġ
ԸŮҪʲô
һϣһġ
ոպŮɻ
ŭ֮һȻˣ
һֱָӱ˰֮ڵСǸС죬ȻҪϢ𡣡
Ůһ㶣񴥿ٽָС磬ܿ죬üͷǸСȻ˱ԴҪѾϢΪļ䣬鵯
ŭ֮ȴһ漴ЦˣˣǸС֪Ϣ½ˣֻΪһ飬ºˡ
ܹСıԴҲҪ룬ΪĹ
ȻˣһСȻ飬Ҳ˷ŭˡ
ǸŮǸôʲôĿ𣿡
Ŀģ
ǸǸҶйˡ
˻֪ȴǸҶصѾմȾԣȻôҲŪֻԷһ߽;Բǳܹ顣
ĵУߣô
ֻһá
֮ǰǸСҶΪնֵħߣСҪϾϢ뵽ֻһܡ
볹ҶأΪСһ֣˺Ϊ
ţ֮УȴѾ˶
ͼ΢΢̧һ˲䣬˫ഺ˵ļҵˡ
ͷ·õ޾γƽãȴˮ
ŭ֮͸Ůͬʱһ
ǾϢ
ǵģ˫۾ǱˣǾϢ
ˡŭ֮ϢָԲ뿪ǲ뿪ͻΪһһʱ򣬴϶Ὣ㵽ͷϡ
ȻҲһˣ漰һлˣʱ͸ˡ
Ϊ̵ҲǴĺƴˡ
˵һСޣǧ̻֮Ѩⷽһ㶼ܴġ
ţȴһϹͻȻɽ֮ţסˡ
ǡŭ֮ӦһȵʲôȻ
ŮĻصЩӽƺǣΪǹȻųԴ֮ҲΪӿġ
˼顣ŭ֮̾ϢȻôƿ˴ƣ
Ů͵վУҵȥһˡҪõϹ⣬ֻеõϹ⣬뿪ۣ֮ܿϸһģִĸ
ȵȣŭ֮ץסֵ뷨ңڲҪȥ
ΪʲôŮ񲻽ҵȲˣҪȥʾϢǴõǵϹ⡣һһ붼ȲˣҲȡ
ȥŭ֮εȥ϶Ҫ䣬ǸС϶Ҫ⣬ʱ򡭡
ü׻ʵǻϢò̸һ㲻Ҫŭɣ
̸Ůɫһ䣬׷ȥˣ
ǰŭ֮ϢһˣҲϵĻϹԴҲǸˡԣ侲ǧҪ嶯ŭ˾Ϣ
Ĳ˵ŮҲˡ
һ˼˼ǡϢȻ˶԰ػ֮ģһˣ
ŭ֮ͷһҶصķˡ
µĲصǳ󣬱ಿϰ߽ľݵģЩʪȴǲʺϽľݵġ
󣬻۸ɴཫש˳ôҽש
ڻճשȻ㲻ϺãӲҲȲϻۼеģʱȴǹˡ
ʥڣֻҪӾķܹشҲͨĴѩשѾ㹻ˡ
שĳǽͳ˴ԭʥľϣܵļ̶ǲġ
-

502 

Ϊڣ۳һʼóשûж顣
дļȻֹשһڻۿܶ༼˵µĻ˵Ҳһ¡
µ۾òơպשʱھǹˡ
˵һЩļɽ¡似ʢüЩоչ
֮ڲеæˡ
ΨһĵľǱˣЩ˲й֮ŵϢȻԽԽ֮ŲѰ
Խô磬ʻмּʶģ˵Щ¶ģ֮žЩˡ
ֱһԸһ
һУܹΪԸһڵʲô
ܹ뵽ֻһ
Ȼϸ֮ǰ˵ĻôǼƣЩͣ
ڲﵽӤʱ򣬻̲סʵǱ߻ûϢ𣿡
Ŷɹ̫ҡҡͷûУģûϢǺϢҲµġ
ôΰΣһֱεյĵһѩ½ɵĽಿһȺÿ͡
ңңվڵͿǰ˫һѩĕi꣬Щʧغ
ԣվԵЩǵؿ˶һۡ
û뵽ӽ֮ŵǻ߳ˣȻ֮۾û
ȻԼ˵ûκӰ죬׻ǲģһ·˽ಿ䡣
Ψһοǣһ·϶ȷʵ磬ǰû
ҵЦͣһˡ
ͻعһߺͷһ̲סСĴ۾ЩĿİָһʥŮʥϵãҾͲ·ˡ
ҵ˵ͷתڽಿ޼컹Ϸأ
ߣȥµĺӣǱء
û飬һߣӦҲʥ֡
ǣһ߰˸ɹ̫ʱҺ赽ˡ
ң۵һʱ䷢ҵǰץס˶Է֡
ҵһĨǳ֮ЦݣģûϹ
һڣ۾͸оĳ˵ȻȴһͷûС
ƺʲôı仯ȴ˵
֮࣬ȷһԷȷʵԼİˣҲûж롣
֮һǳΣգԸıҲʵ
۾ô£۵Ŀ䵽ŵ˫ϡ
Դ۾ˣֱӱ˻˴˺
ʵϣΪ˲ֱ
ԣΪˣֻܱ۾ˡ
ԣ۰ŰɣʵǻӰƽʱ𣿡
ҡͷҿһַʽϰȥ֪磬˫ۡ
۵˵ͷΪ˵þɨ衣
µĺ֮貢ûжڶ뿪ˡ
ಿʮλŮ֮ǰ＾ջʥнһǧٿţ֮ǰЩºӵģ·һҹ֮䣬ܿиӤ
һοǴе̬֮
ԭʼԣûб˿ڸĲƲˣ
ȴϢ̽ôˣ
һΣشȴңûнಿãαٵĲ˵ҲмʮŮĲʣµģŵƶ˺֣ʧȥŮ˿ڵˡ
˶٣Щ𣿡
ۿ
ҧҧգȻҪգԼͳһ½ľԽԽˡ
ҵ˵ͷҵ˽Ϣɢȥò˶ãЩ߾ͻಿϡ
ۿʵʳﹻ𣿡ЩߣĲ˵ĿǰĻʳ
ܲ˽ˣȴòԵɣ
Ĺġ˵üЦǲʥ˲ɼʳͲ٣ϴԵĳɹԼֳã֮ιʳＫΪʢ
˿ȻʳůҲǳҪ˸ϽשһЩӳԱʱ֮衣
ͷ׵ġ
˵һ룬ȴЩüչĲܲ

üʵڲֻʡŵˣҶеһȡůܽʡٲ񡣡
ﲻֻ֪ǡ
ٺһЦ˵ɣҪȻ´Ҵҡ
Ͼһ඼ǸõõשŶúһأ
˵Ļȥǡ³˻۱˻ɲɡ
ڲֻ߲ͣʵϣл۳һȻҪͳȻȻڵĲ䣬ǲס
-

503 

Ԥǰ㣬ಿԸߵϢһȥÿ춼˸ϵͶ
мҲ¡в˼ʥеŮŮҪ͵ߣҪߥȡôٻЩҴ沿αװߣҪ͵ȡʳġ
֮ڼʲôˡ
ԽԽ䣬ҲԽԽ١
Ҳ֪ߴ붼ˣģҪôͶಿ䣬ҪôѾ·;ˡ
ˣಿҲʮ
ԳǵԤڣ˵ǲͷӣʳҲЩǺˡ
ˣʥＸҼһߡ
ΪʳͷץϹʱ򣬻ȴǽеʥһСҴݸ
ǡס
۵ʳӦԹҶȹˡ
˶٣ҸЩʳȹӦиͺӡʳⶫȻ˭ԶЧǶиͺӵЧȴõġ
ǻ۴ԼĿʡģж֮࣬Ҳû̫ϣ
ȥҴһŸ
Ҳ̲סզ࣬ŮĶŪôʳİ
ҳ۾˶ܹЩʳĵƷԱԵҪ࣬ǹŮĻЩ
۾Ů˶ܸó㶫ϡˣ
˵ŮܲʲôܣֻҪŲ䣬ԼͲöʡ
ô౻ŮĲ䣬ҲЩĵá
֮һ仰ԴŮһҪǺãɺء
֪ԼҰ뷨Ծúе˵ͷ˵öԡ
ӡ
һ£Ȼ㿪ʼŽЩʳĶַȥ
Ů˵ЩʳȸиͺӣҲˣֱӻиͺӰɡˣͻԭЩ
ʵĶͬಿνǸæµΪôˣҶвʳԲǴҲܳȥѰʳ
˵ջȻ࣬ҲȫûС
żкӴӺһѼҲǼΪϲˡ
Ȼһ죬һȺѰʳĺȴǴһ𾪵ġ
ʲôǹܻܣ
Ⱥ̧һڲ㳡ϣ˷׷׶˹
յϢϹȴһ۾ϳǶʲô
ǰܣ
ڼİܡ
ݻ֪½ļǲְܳġ
ܳ𣿡
Ӧܰɣ
ܣҿźܲ𲻴󣬾ëɫһ
˲֪ܵĴڣֻܵı壬Ǳ²š
ôôʥģͻȻ˿ʵ
üʵúãʥὫҰ޺赲⣬ܹڽеģҲֻС¹һ޺ĶȴȻӦС
ĥһ£ÿֻһܵʱѾˡ
ʲôû˵˽ܵƤˣ⴦˷ַңԼȴöȥ˰ʲôطҵģȻһȥ鿴ˡ
ɣǸطӦһڿռڵĵط
ǻǰڱ̺½ģʵ
۵ͷ̺½ְܰɣ
ӵͷѵ½ûУ
ûСһ϶½򣬸ûаܵġ
üϱӲûз顣
ҡͷͮҲ˵ˣϱӲûо̡ԣϱӵֻܵһοȴΪݡ
ӱ˵ˣ֤ʵĴ㣿
ûʲô㡣˶٣ۿڵֻǵģ½ܻǰλ
һһɣʮ궼ʱ̣˵ǰˡ
ڵĽಿɻûչþЩĳ̶ȡ
ýšЦЦֱӦòһ¡
õģȻ£һСŮ
ʶֽסȻΪз¡
ͷһһѾͷһֻŵ̧ͷ
ǡ۵Ļſ˸ͷѾͷ۵һ˳
ءŰſңұץסˡ
СѾͷʮ㣬ּͯýܵĥһĴ
һᣬѾͷƺˣҲƺǷǲû˺˼ִ
˭ҸǣҰſǽŮҪҳˣһǵʥյġѾͷͲ߶Ĺȴв˵Ļ˵˳ˡ
һֲٵ߶УȴһȻ;㵣ǽŮŮ
-

504 Ů

ۿӣʵŮǺηʥ
ӻشŮ˵ǡ
һһѾı顣
ȴǸӺˡ
Ȱ⺢ӺˣԿۡӿڵ
ΣĸѾͷԣǲǻˣͻȥġ
⻰ڲ԰ףڶԷͻȻֵ£һ˻ýͣһСѾͷȴίʵ޴ӽ˵
СҲú壬ôһ˵ѾͷҲû⻰ʲôԣŴ۾ʵ˵ģ
С֮ǰôһʣֿ޺ôʱ䣬ᰲûþͿʼ˯ûһӣ˯ˡ
̾˿˴ԼʥչˣԼӵˣ˵˵Ůɡ
ʵѾ˵ˣһĺӿڳݲԾϰþ
Ůڱ̺½Ҳһλ˲õһλӵнɫʥʥŮ˶٣ЦȻǼ鷢֮ǰҲ֪λŮ
Ǽ£ۺԴ
ӵҶλŮҲһֱǶŲûۼŮڵĲ겿䣬ȻǶ䣬ģҲǿɹˣһεġ
λŮǸѻʮһ񡣲˸ŮȻΪŮĿ̫ǿŮԼˣ棬ֻһŮͻ
ȻŮȴںΪŮŮ¾ˡ
һ㶣¾
ӵͷʱŮڽʥɫɽɫĹؼʱ̣˼ԼŮŮչˡȻû뵽ǣһŮտ£ǸȴĿ֮ʧˡ
ȽŮɹʥɽɫȴԼŮʥѾˡŮķŭͱʹ֪Ů˵ŮĪʧģţֱӴɱ䣬겿еŮɱˡ
ºһ˳ΪŮ겿ʧȥʥıӻòĴܣ䵽Ϊū
Ů
ӵͷڱ̺½Ĵڲ
ü̺½ŮǲǺܶࣿ
½Ҫࡣӿڵ⣬ΪŮôʥ嶼ܻʮѾǷǳˣǱ̺½ŮѰܻ꣬ʵǿĻҲû⡣ҲˣǵںܹܳŮļȻҲߡ
˼һ´Ѿͷĳ֣ϱӻûг롣
˼ǡһ
۵룬ûӾ̣ûнಿǨ㵽һҰѾͷ䵽ƱػᱻҰ޻̳ԡˣʥҲ֮С
ʥָʥʥû˱ʶɺͨʥһ㣬֮еġ
ӵ۾ˣĻԺ½ع֮ǾܻһȻѡ
ŮǿʵʵӵнɫʥŮ
۵˵ͷûϱӽŮɱ䣬ΪŮʥѾˣѾͷúõģΪػŮʥλŮҲ

Ŀ䵽˯ôѾͷϣȷ⺢Ӳ˵ģ
һʾˡӲһСѵǲɣ
ʵҲȷʵˣѾͷһĺú塣
ŶԣѾͷ˵֣ţýŮ
ŮһʼԼ˯İĵط֣ӣŮŮ飬ûþͰǵˣһ𻶻ϲϲȥԲˡ
ԲⶫִѰŵԭʼѵˣ˵Ŵ׷֥ЩҪж鷳ֻ˵ԭϣûл۵ĹӦ»ղЩһǾǴ⡣
Աˣ۸ʱܼţҪȰŹŮҲû̫ġ
Ȼ᲻Ҳһʱġ
֮⣬ۺӻŮ˲£ȷȷʵλŮŮ
ȷһ֮󣬻۲Ǹռڵ㣬ֱ
֪ŮȻһɽŵùǺ֮ܿ
ۺ뵽ЩҲ뵽ˡ
ģһúչ˺Ǻӡ֮ǰСѾͷʳأȴһҲˡ
۵Ҫ˵ĲֹֹŮ֮ǰļ́ͷҲ½ġԣû´ĻԺ󻹻б̺½ͨǸռڵڲС
ʱһû˵͵ҹ
-

505 ӡ

ռڵţһʱҲͿ
ʥŮˣҳÿհջ۵ҪһЩԵʱˡ
ҶԴʥˣ˰飬ȻҪˡ
Сʥ׽ԲأһɻȾָףѾЩŮҪôһ𶺺ӣҪôһ
·һӣʥվҲ
ۿø̾һԵҲ½Ůϵãڱ̺½ȻʥҲкܶŮ֮Ϊᣬϵá
᣿һ档
Ӿĸ߲㶼ЩŮĶֻһܵҿӾô࣬ʲô̲ţƿضʵȨЩҪġ
Ȼʵԭʼζ̺½ǱߵķչǲҪ½ߺúܶࣿ
ӵ˵ͷҡͷҲǣ֮ʵƼռ̺½СǱ߻б֯£ʱ¶Ƥȹ
ǱߵĲûнಿɾ
˵ò̫ȴһˡ
ԭʼشС²Ҫ̫ಿһʼҲģ۵Ҳ˺ܴžΪ˻ڲŪ˹޺ͻء
̺½ûשӼǱ߸סҲвͬסʯݵסѨҲסɽģһģǲŮ㹻࣬ǻᶼס
סһ˼Ů˻ӣ
ӵͷֲ٣˶ŮûŮԸ
һҲ
²ԭĲˮҪһЩÿ󣬸ﶼܶľ֮Ķԣֻɹɸɻ
ߵԳҲԶһ㣬һʯ
һβķӣػͶʯͷġ
ԭɽ¡Ҫ䣬ټֲ˵ֹ֣֮ģ÷۲йӳԣ˵ȫ
ԭʼҪҵĹ粢ףл۵֧Ԯֵûýˡ
֮⣬粿ҲҪƣȻһչȥûжʳȻֻܷһš
ջ۵뷨ԺˮʢЩٱ˲ˡ
ɼեͼʵڿϣ԰˽йһƣȻòֲһͻƶ
һƬϣȴܾﲻԣֱ֮ʣµ˷׷ʰ뿪طӦҵ겻ˣ
ƺʣһº΢΢ҡͷˡ
üͷɵϣҵı仯һʼǳɳıȻȻʱˣͿˡ
Է̫ˣȫûһ˸еѡĻú٣ܶʱһʲôôؿһ졣
ⲻ̫ԡ
ȻֺȷԷȷʵԼİˡ¶Է˫۾һֱǱŵģָо
㡭ü֮ŵʲô
һûлش͹ԾҸо㲻ң׼ȷ˵ǡֹҡ
˵仰ʱ۵׻һĨǽһ㺰ꣿ棿գΣ㣿ߡ˼
˵һֵʱҵɫ΢ɲس˳
ȴ˼ˣ˶Щһ㣬ץֿЦǶԲԣ
һ֣ȻģȴЩΣֽ뻳У̾Ϣŵǣǡ
ҶôϣԷ䱦Ǳһ
¸һҵ飬ɻòˡ
õȷֻĳĪѹͻȻʧرסԷ૵㣬㡭
ð죬侲ң֡
Ҫʣףȴֻʳһ䡣
Ϣ֮ΪϢ
·Զŵ̾ӵԼˣԼ˶Է
ڻ۵ԺУͷ·ӡ֮һ㡣
ˣһɢݡ
֮
ŭ֮ԸŮϢǼһҲ̫˼ˣȻǿ
Ů˸ۣ˵̸ѵϲΧۣ
ŭ֮ٴβʼįҸҴģϢǸСһὫԼӡҶص֮С
ŮһӦòɣֻܽһΡ
ǽȨͻԻͺͷ˹Ψһ
֮УǷǳںͷ̸ϲЩݵȴůķˣȻмԸ⽻ģ
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506 

ҲͬģӺ鷲˰һֱޡ
Ͼ˵Ƕ̫ˡ
ڶԷ֮󣬱˵˯֮Щ΢ĩбҲӰ첻ʲôˡ
һעƤֻ࣬ں֮
һЩˣ̰۵ò壬ʱ˳һԷ˥ϻ߶ԶԷûʸУͻԥؽԷ
ֶöԷഺפҲҪģȻףԶһ˸ֵڴ
һȻᣬģȴһ֡
һڽӴʱ򲢲ԼݣԼȥջЩĻķˡ
ԹΪǷΪǶ䣬ֽٲ¡
֮лҲбνģҪ˵޽ģҲûгɹģȻ
͸ŮϢȴǴû˵λ齫Լˡ
Ǹ鲻ǵĶԷΪжԸԼ㡣
ϾһȨȥζֻҪԷԼʵͻᱻһ롣
ϢӦòִ°ɣŮ૵
Ҿûᡣŭ֮һ϶񶼹ţϢ̳ǿͬҲ̳ĳ顣
ԣŮ񳹵
ȲǼ١ڵ֮㲻Ҫȥ˵ҪȻͱ밲ˡ
ĽϢŮǲ٣ǶˡҶˣǾûй˼ˡ
ɱ˵ǻǾϢİɱȷ˽ˡ
ԼòĶ»ٵҲԸ˵õ
뷨Ƿǳձġ
ν˽νķףǸ鶡ϵûС
˵ŭ֮üء
Դһ֮󣬻۾;Լһӱá˵·ˣַ·û䡣
кܶܶ໰ңȻÿεߣᱻȥ
£֮ⱲӾͻΪһӡ
ϾϱӣԷһֱûг֡
Ϣǳ˼κһԼ׻еȻΪȴ벻ˡ
һ˰֮Ψֲ࣬κһദ
Ҳˣʵǲ˼ġ
ԣֻҪܹڶԷߣʲôҲһõˡ
Եģȴһʱû뵽
ĵʱ򣬿ռڵǱʿ˾˵ķ֡
˵ģһ
ʿͷ
ģǿһ䣬ǵķӶúֵܴľͷģϻкܶΪװΡ
ҲˣһһȺСŵϽС
ʥɫʥտӡ

˵һͨһ϶Ǵ䡣
ܵҲһ䣬е˶ó촬̺½óôͨСĴҶ죬Ǵ󴬵ĻȴΨд졣
λӵнɫʥŮˣǲūˡ
ңеŮٵĲ䡣ǲķˮҲ֪ô£ҶŮкȴ֮ѡ˵˳֮Ůԡǣȴ޲촬κ˶޷츳
֮ڶǺгˣϱӴһǳ¡
ü
ӿڵ˵һӣ˵ǱߴϵĶӣĸһλӵнɫʥŮǺ츳СͱֳԶ˵촬츳ǲ﹫ϵһѡʮʱ򣬾ͽܹؽ˵ľʹ󴬡ȻֻŸոгɹʧˮ򡣱Ҳʲô£ϾˮԶܺá
ǣǺһֱûиˮ棬춼ûҵʬ˰ɡ
ýζһԾʹͨˮ
ˮˣʿ֪һһȥˡ
Ȼˮˮ˾Լ
Ƥڵϣǣɫµ˭֮ǰڲġ
ۺһʱ䶼֪˵ʲôˡ
Ҳôɣ
ȸ껻˸ˬ·ԼǺãǷԴ䣬
ͬʱӵڻ۵𣺡Ǹк־ͽз
ڷȻҲ󣬵ײŮ֪µСȻԵõĴ𰸲ţԼ˼֮ǰļֻǵã׻ǽʵ
-

507 ﷭

һǳƽ͵֪֮꣬Ůһ˲䡣
ڼ䣬ҲһŮǶģûжˡ
ڲ֮󣬷ҲΪ˼һʿȥԾͿͨƵԶĵطˡ
ôȥ˰꣬ռڵһֱûµĶȻҾһֱôƽȥʱ򣬱ʾôˡ
䣬û֪һĻôģֻǵʱ峿еҲոմʼһæµ
ȻͻȻҡ
ǵ𣿣̲סе
˶æǵҡεĲֹǵ棬ǿϵķݣҡεǡ
ǵģֹǵҡΣܵĿҡΡ
ңҡβǵңǡҪƽһЩ
ͻȻԻΪ׵һŮ׷ױһ䡣
ǲûΣȻһʱ䷢ˣŵʵôˣ
߽ʥ硣
Ļδ䣬ͼܵҡͻأʧˡ
ôߣѾæеʿһ룬һԭرе棬һǰȥ̽顣
ߵʱ򣬲Ҳˣ΢ɲüȴʲôû˵
һȺŮǰ·ܿҵʥˡ
Էλòϣڿռڵ㡣
ң˵һȺίʵû취ʾǵֱӵ˵Է˵ʮ򣬶ĻҲʮˡ
Щ£ŸװεˣԼЩȹƮƮ͸Խк͸߸ϵġϵĻӦŮ
ۿ򷫵Ҵˣһֱͨ籨ţԷʱʱռڵȥҲûж룬ֻΪԷҪһȥĻᣬ֪
˵ͷһƽʵ
һƽʵûۺĵն
ôģǡָŶЩߵģ
֪ռڵ㣬Ҳֻ˳ȴ޷ƿأԷ㣬ǡ
۾ǲƿ˿ռ֮
û뵽زô侲һ¶ˡ
˵ͷǵģҵĸܹƿռ䡣
˶٣Ůûж⡣ӵнɫʥŮһӵǿֻҪܹ콭ಿ˳䣬ҿԱ֤ಿ˶ܹΪһӣū
Ǳ̺½Ķ֮һǲί㡣ڴ䣬ܻøõֻҪĹ˳ǻܹǴе촬
½֮󣬷;һܿɹĺûᡣ
䣬ಿԭĲŻŮĴϲ
֪ŶԷ赭дȥʿʱж𾪡
ֻҪԤڵļƻܹɹڴ佫ಿ̲֮ûŮȿԽ½Ϊ䲹㹻ūȻܹתͷȥ̺½䡣
һǴһܹͳһ½
Цҵû㻹ôõƤӡ˵лл
ǶԷ˵ûж⣿
ΪԷĵؾԼΪǶԽಿ⣬ԲܹԻôһͷ
ǡǰδе﷭
ֻ˵ԷײǱһġ
ĻЦŮѾĳ壬ֻϣܹúÿǡ
䣬ӰͻޣȻһ̳ڶ߶С
ĸޱŮǰΪ׵Ů
úӡŮԴˡ
Ȼۣ뵽ﴫŻλŮӵнɫʥӵܹ˸̬ȿĻ˵òΪ㣬Ը轭ಿĳ壬κ˵Ϊ
ʼޱ飬ЩĵزӵнɫʥҺޱͬӵнɫʥҾ֪ʥ绹ûзͬĹܣǾ޷׽ˣǿಿҲǶһЩƤࡣ
Ȼ˵֪һսǱزٵģȲ˵ﴫŸλŮɲһûйˡߡΪԺಿ˹˳֮£Ҳôһһ¶ԷöԷԴﷴͷϨ
ãŮиǳҲ飬Ȳõ岻Ҳõö˴ۡ
ţ̰ĿɨЩˡ
ãǲȱˣĿ⽭ಿ˲
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508 ս

Ҫ˵ʱɫѿģ˻ۻӡ
ӵжģڷߣǸӣҲһ㾯Ķġ
ǣԷȷʵԷֳƽ޺
ʱˣҲиˡϾ˵ˬʵһ£бҪĻȥ
Ȼû뵽ôһȴǱ˿ӡ
ҲԼ뵱ȻˣҲ֪һǲһкô򵥡
ҵΡ
ȴûнƸ˵ϰߣɫǶΡ
Ȼ˽ȴ֪Ѿŭ˼¡
ס֣
ɣҲ֪Էһ˵
ȴҡҡͷԼ
䣬ʥУʥȻʼͲСһϰٱ
Ǳһֲܷ飬ϾΧĿ沢Ȼ˾ǣʥƺҲʼˡ
˵洬ܵ˳ǽಿҲ׷ɵˡ
ŮһȻ뵽˵λŮԷ
ԷʥͬǿһٱҲûá
Ȼȴ˲õԤС
һ̷֤ʵԤǶԵģͼӽɫʥƮɫĹ
ŮͨʥƮµĹġ
ȻЩǽɫģֺɫȴͷһο
ۿɫѸײڶ֮ƳĸޱŮɫһ䣬㿪
Ǻɫʣô׶㿪ġ
ɫŮޱŮĶͷ
ĸޱŮһǣͷۣҪʲô
棬ЦʲôȻˡ
Ļ䣬ڵһڴ޲˳ȥ
һ⧲һ˲䣬ʮ˾ͷ·½һҵͷĿѣùһЩҵʯͷϣûˡ
۵һ߷һһŵؿŮޱŮȴ˵ĿѾȫûɣЩġ
ǣĿѵؿۡ
۵ЦԶ׼鲻𣿡
㡭û뵽Ȼֹ
ȻʹŮܹõǷǳһġȻһһ£ǿȻȻ顣οŮӵеʥ籾Ѿһˡ
û뵽黹ء
˵ţޱŮ֣ѿһط죬޾ĵˮ˲Ϣ佫һڴ˶Ʒˡ
ڣһڻûдǰ滺ĵٴܵش
óˮͷȻ˺Ҳޡ
ʱҲӦ˹ʩŮй
ʵ֪̺½ǱߵŮսģȻܿͼʶˡ
ʥһ̶ܹ֮ƿʥĴСģĲ˵ڽСĹУ൱ĹܹԵ˽дˡ
ŮȻóڴ˵ಿߵʿһʼӦ˲СĿת۱ǧ˶
ȴ۾գɫĹʥϷɳգ۱㽫е˶˵ˣĸ
ԭڲصʿ
һصɫһݣԥҪҪȽٺãһԵͮǰһսˣҪҪȥ֧Ԯ
ЩԥϾнľ˺໴׶ʺϴսȥ
ȻͮȴлŮڣǻʲôµģ
ڣͿˡ
ǰʿʹȥɣǱôûãÿʯͷ˻ǻġ
ǣͷʱҲǲһѺ֡ȽǲˣлŮܣͷҲҸսһսġ
ЩСӣҲõģôһģסĻԺԲû𡣡

СЩˣҪֽ֪սǰߵʿɶǵ̳ġ
ҧҧУǾһȥ
֪ҰĵģܽǺǻ˽עҪս
ȻˣԣҲϰߡ
浽ʱ򣬽ಿѾˡ
ǽಿȻʹǿ࣬˵ԷŮԼĲֻ࣬ЩˣͲôöԸġ
ǷǰûȻôССһֱ꣬ӽһԵĴ˳֮ɨ
-

509 ʤ

ôˣһȵ
ӣûüڣ˱Ȱ಻סˡ
Ҳܰæġ
԰Ҳһ
ǣܸ

Ȼͬỹû˼ۣҲֻĬǲ뵽սˡ
Ǳߵ˵׶࣬»ۿӵнɫʥŮǱһƣϰ߲Ͳ֮ս½ʿϰߺ޺ҰսŮޱŮǱ߿ɻнǧλŮء
ЩŮս²ŮޱŮҲɲС˺ˡ
ŮޱŮʵǱߵȻһʼûʱ˿淴ӦԵĿˡ
Ŀ΢һ̣ŮޱŮٹЩˣʼ໥
Ĵ㣬ɫһ䣬Ȼȴıʲô
ʱ򣬻۵ĿȴѾ䵽Щʥ罫ಿһʿŮϡ
ҶӭʱЩŮû⣬Ȼһ̣о˲һߣص¡
һֱעŻ۵ķɫһ֪λŮǳ˲ãͬΪɫʥԷѾǿ󵽳ĸޱŮȻԷһ֮ٿλӴĽʥŮ֤ʵԼС˶Է
ΪѾǶԷȫˣʵָӭһ
λŮȫǳܹ͵ġ
״ಿһŮȴЩûл۵ĸǻɣϾŮٶǺɫʥȻǡ˻ۺͲŮ˶ǰɫʥ
ǵͷۿڵҲû֡
һŮû˹˼ɣһ׷׼ս
Ҫ˵õĻǲŮӵ͸ɫʥԻõһʼæһʱ䣬ܿеĹϣѧŻۿʼԻŮɱ
ۼԼⷽԽԽ࣬ԶԼԤƣȻܴͬȴ۸˻ɫԽԽѿ
գҧҧ˵ŮֻҪŮ£ಿͲΪǡ
һʱ䣬˿ʼĿת˻ۡ
ǵͼಿ˶ŭˡƽʱص˰ҲգָŴؽ嵽ǰļʿˡ
ȸˣԼҲˣһԼĥ궼ûĥԣȴ³ɹˣ
ıֲһӣ˲Ϣ㽫˸˱
һֻڶ뵽Ȼˣ
һҪԼŮ֣ŭһԵľʯһ̣Ḻ̌㽫˴һ
Ҳʾֻȭͷһ̣Ŷĵȥ
ǶС軵軵ģֱӵˮһĵ˸Χˡ
óˮˮҲû취ġ
һȻʱһЩΪӵĶԣȴʺϲˡ
Щͻ۹ϵ׽ˣಿ˶ɵӣȻ֪۵Ҫԣ˵ȥڻܵôݣڲеһһģ˶Ա˶һ¿ʼۡ
УüһԵнӹһͼȡһΣȻʼ˦Խ˦Խ죬ѾͬһתԲ̡
Ȼ͵ؽŹӵͶ˳ȥ
ۿֱԼü뽫վȦá
Լһģ˴СܣԼȻףһȴǿġ
Ȼһ̣Ͷһ˫۾ԣԷ۾Ǳŵģֻ˵Ǖiס
̲סʧȻһ̣ʶʧˡ
ңôˣ̲סתͷҡ
һ漴ЩǸԲûס֪ಿˣԼóֵģԷԻ۳֣̲סˡ
ЩΣ²Ϊ
Ҷ˶ͣ˵ʲôȴû˵
߻Ǹз²ܸˣ߻ȥ
۵ȻҲֵᷢġ
һСǻĺӣ
ΪľϢй̬
ȴôĽ÷ಿҲ˫Ȼ졣
ҲʱŮޱŮ֮ҲֳʤޱŮ屻룬ýŮѪͷ
Ȼһ£ȴʶһ˲Ļ㱣ǻۼʱּӴ˿ƣ˵ûᱻԷѡ
ð亹ҲʶŮб֪еˡ
ǿľӦǳӵеġ
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510 ˳

۵ľ죬󰲸ġ
ŮΪҪΪ췢磬޷õר飬ְֵ
ӷתҪıԴɽԼ壬Էչ
ȻҲôҲãһЩӲŵĻɫ
񲻻䣬͸˼ԼްҲᵮ
Ʋûг̫ãΪûãŮҲڻ۵ĲٿŮС
һս˰ͽˣڼ䣬ЩеӤಿ䲻Ůˡ
ս󶼱ˣǴʱ˿̣飬ϲ۾ѪǱ֮Ȼǵ۾ȴˡ
һս˽ಿеĻ磬ǻȣȼǵģҰĲ硣
λ죬ҲһѪ
ȻôȵѪʱ򣬿ǰһصʬ壬ͷˣɸô죿ôʬ壬Ҳպóʱء
˵Ա߾ɭ֣治׷ŻһСĽԳˣûطȥ
ۿڵգЩ˶Ҫġ
ʲôˣಿҲˡ
ۣһȵˣɲôѱġǲܿ۵Ĵ㣬ȴá
ҡҡͷֻҪƿסŮޱŮ¾Ͳѡ
һеŮƿռ
۵ͷ½˿ڣʮ꣬ಿķչҲޣǣܹڱ̺½
Ļ˵Ҳˣǡ
Ůͷ𣿡ɵ
ġһĵ㲻⴬ˣҲֻⷫҪܹһͷ
ԣһԵֹ
ǷûۿҲûа취Ů
ǵĶ󣬱Ͳͬڳˣ㲻飬ҲԿ˵α
飬ô׸ģ
ڿŮ۾֮ҲЩ¡ˣѾƲס۾ˡ
ǲﲻԣ
֮ǰ۶Ըĳ桪Ҫ֪Щ飬ҪɱһҲֻͨάϵ
ȻɱǸȴǰȻ
ձŮ˶µģļУŸնԽಿݻȻ
ǰصʬ壬Ŀһ̧ͷͶ˻ƽݣһţ㡭ô£
ֻͣڸѡ񣺡ҪôɱһΣҪôŴ˳ಿ䣬Լѡɡ
ĻΪԼΣʱʬ塣
Ůһ˷ߣһ߽һ߲ŵһѣѹ
Լ˵ΣеʵȷȷʵʵԼһ
ò׽ʵתͷ۵Ҫ˳Ϊಿū
۷ǳɴҡͷҲͬūƶȣǴū˳ಿ֮Ҳɡ
ҲԴ࣬ǵūҲ١
һಿȻܻЩūġǶԴĵ⣬һԷؼǡ
ٽŮޱŮƿأôƿشҲʱ⡣
ŮǱһӱ˻۵Ǳ̨ʡ
Ȼȴ˵ʲô
ʵϣ𿴴һûйȻڲһ˶棬ڳЩ˲ܻȥôҲ֪ص˶ΪūϷ֡
Ǵ̫аˣûʧܵĿܣԲźޱ
˿˳ಿ侹õѡˡ
Լӻز䣬ȻȲ˵᲻Ƕ䣬ֻԼһʥŮ޷ӻס䡣
ǹ˳ಿ䣬˵׼һ·
ţŮڵԸŴ˳ಿ䡣
˵ûбıʾüûбҪ˵ˣ
ŮȴһãȻҪ˵ʲô
ЦҴۣʥ˳
⻹Ӹģڱ̺½սܵĲŮȻŮȴҪʥ˳
Ůû뵽¶֪ҲҺŪˣ̾˿Ȼߵ۵ǰԼʥ̹¶˳
һ֦ɫĹâһĴָСĹӳ˳ŮɫȴǱɷס
Ĺӽ۵УйâһͽӸˡ
-

511 ʧ

ۿŻ۲ŮҲ˳˳ʱѾľˡ
ȻǸȴȻˡ
ʱѾ֪һ顪ҶؾԲ򵥡
ܹ鶼飬϶⡣
һ֮Ĵڡ
Ҳ飬ȴܹᲢ۵Ĵڡ
ĴǱ֪۵³Բá
ţѾ˴㡣
ʱȴǸӵúܣ佫һ᲻ò˳Ĳ䣬ȴû˳ಿ䡣
Ĺ۲Уಿ˻Ů˶һ
Ȼʵǣȷʵˡ
ϲʵˣڷֲŮѾ˳ŮûзʵʵջŮ˵Ŀʼˡ
û뵽ܹô˳¶Щҵ۵ŮԺǲҪᵽ̺½ȥˣ
ҡͷȽ½ͳһˣȻȥ̺½ԴΪڻ̲䡣Ƚಿ䷢չˣͿԳ׷ſֽˡ
һæµǰδеģΪӵ˿̫ˣ˵ǷϾʥеһŮҲû˿еʱ
̺½ˣУ½Щһ˳ಿԲǸεġ
æµԼȴ£¼ĴҪ˵϶еġΪзڣҲûʲô۶ӡ
˽£ŮϧǵôŮദ顭
ҡͷʱ˵⻰Ѿû塣ߣĵĸĻͲʵ֡
ʵϣһʼûȸŮ飬Ȼ۲һʱ֮뷨ʵֲˡ
Ůԭ̬ȻƣҲ͸롣ͬˣȻԷԼĿͷ·ڿһӣûн˿
ǸҡСܹоĽòͨȴӲԱҲӲ˾òˡЩòʤԼĴͲҪȥ⡣
ȻǸҵò֮ȴίʵޣοԷǸݰµ͵ճҲֻڻŮߣڲвûκν˵УһλǿȻʹ
˵÷ֱ˴꣬Ͳ岻ȥ
ҲˣȽಿ£ȻŬûŮķġ
ŮУûбȶԷʺԼӵˡ
ΪֻûŮԼĴڡ
Ȼһеĳıʧˡ
ۿɲ֪ĿȻԼ˼
ͳβʥ
ŮǳɹۣŮ˵Щûв֮ǰǳսŮԼĪǧˣʥӦ˴´ࡣ
˵̺½Ǳ߸õʥ
ϣǲѿΪʲô½˿Ƿչˡ
Ҳˣ۾ԭ˶Ըֵʥ
ҲŮ˵ģ꣬ʥȹӦԭˡ
ԴˣŮȻвҲʲô¡
Ͼಿԭǵʲôܹߵʥǳޡ
ҲʱȴǴһϢ
˵ʲôҵǰδе䡣
üĵ游֮ǰǴ˵һµأȥ̽һȻ¹ȥˣȴһֱûѶ游ģǰȥ̽飬游֮ǰ˵Ǵɽʧˡ
Ƭɽʧˣʵ
µͷǵģǻǴǸ֮һԼء
תͷۣȴ뵽һǲΪƶػô࣬ôôǿռڵ㡣
ӣϸ룬̺½ϱûгʲô顣
飿ָʲôڳѾˣҲͨˡ
ͻȻֵɽ۵
ͻȻֵɽôɡ˵һ룬͵̧ͷһ£֪ǲǺʵͬһ¡
ۺҾһ񣬡˵˵
һϱӳһ£ɽĲŮͻȻʥ˽ʥҪ֪λۼҪޣѾȷʥŮҶ²һʲôǷһ֪أ֮մˡ
ɽһλʿںƺ˵©죬˵ɽ丽ͻȻһɽɽһأŮǸأԲܹ˳
ûţϾ̫˼һ㣬϶ʿǹ˵Ū˵ġ
-

512 ɽ

ɽ봬𣿡ʵ
ȻԣʵʵشٶȿȻʹҲҪܸϵ
˶٣뵽ಿЩȻʣֲȻʵĻֻҪһʱ䡣
üɲǼ졭ԷȻʵǿ󣬵ʥŮҲƲ磬οԷһɽ䡣
ûȥȣοûк³ˡ
䣬̺½ǱߵŮʥȻʹʬķ׵ġ
Ҳ֪߸߸֣һᱻŹġ
۵ϵȥĸȥһ˱̺½
ǷҲ̲סһ㶡
һصȥɽ
ⲿĴڲܱ¶ȥȻˣ͸ɴཫɽɡ
һЩðգȴΨһܽĿǰֵķ
²ܵ飬ûһᣬŮͷϹˡ
һΣŻǰ̺½ĳӺͲŮȫԱˡ
ǽಿߵˣһûø
ԭˣһǴ´ˡ
ɽģȻСнʮˣ㲻ϴ䣬ǿŮҲֻӵʥ׼ʱ򣬷Լ֪Ϣ˻ۡ
ʵϣ֪Ĳ࣬Ͼɽ䲢Ǵ䣬Ϊһ죬ֻеȹģɽҲȥ˽⡣
۵˵ͷȻŮʼɡ
Ů˵ͷһ˲ռڵϳһڵ㣬ڵԽԽֱͨ
ȥһ߽˺ڶ
֮ǰʾŮƿռ仨ѵСʱܽʡһһ㡣
ǵĵڴЩȻѾ׼ˡֻԽԼ̲ˣʴӡ
ȴû˼Щ
ԭļƻҪͳһⲿ̤̺֮½ģǼƻϲϱ仯
һλʿʵ׼𣿡
Է˵ͷƳ˻һۣȻˮ׼ˡ
ӦһöԷ͹
תͷԻ۽͵ڱ̺½ֻҪǲԳŮþҰ⡣˵ȫλĶңһִ̣ͻ˵ע⣬·ֻܳԸˮԴ
һЩŮǶأȻϰھ벿ˮԴ¶ǵԱˮԴ
۵˵ͷ˵ȥһ¸ˮ
ȴǲ֪Ǹʿ˹ȥΪʲôڸˮ¶ֻҪǸŮˣǾз̵Ļᡣ
˸ۣ쿪ͼԽŮָԸ£ο
򴽵Ů²ܹƣԽⶾ
ͼɫѿѲľͳһС䣿
ǷɫȻģǳĲǽಿ䣬ǻŮѡ
ôһ˵ͼɫǺ
ļҪ룬ֻս֮ò˶ãͻΪŮûԻ͡
ţಿҰģο
Ůڶн٣ȵ˳ΪѫµһǣȻΪŮԼˡ
һʼֻΪԼ̽ɽˣȻʱȴ̫ˣҿҲûʲôƻ
֮£Ȼý
ȻʲôҲûз
̽ʱ򣬷ˣڽȶ
ȻͿ˲ԡ
·Щɫ£ͷụ̈ͷҶװεˡ
ȼ¼жԱ̺½ļء
أ
죬ȥŮ

·ľϲͻֻò
֪̺½ЩŮصģرգԼƱػᱩ¶
Ҫ֪ǵ棬ʱҲǸ˼ΪʹĴ۲Ŵǳ½
ˣ½һɽСĵλʱ˿̣ȴһҲҷɡ
ȻûãõԤо͵õӦ飬ԽԽĿģǸǰ̫̫
¶Է̬ӣ˫ǵ۾ﻹԶ׼ɭȻ
ұ֤ԷһŮҵȼ͡
ţ᲻ԥȻתԼڲ˸ʵʵ
ʱܹһʱһʱˡ
ǱҲҵ飬һΣȴû˶ֱ֣Ӷ֣յĹĻˮк£۾ʱ򣬾ͷѾһİɭˡ
գգ۾
ĿİͰ͵ûв´ӦǾɽ䲻Զҹɭ֡
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513 

ʵϣ˿̵ľֵô侲
֪Һǿȴû뵽Էǿĵز
ġԤϡ
˵Ҳ׷׾ˡǲ²Ҵ֮лųʵض˺ܴĽȻǰȴԶԶǵ
Ǿɽ仹жԶۿʵ
򴽣۵׵˼ڵԶˣֻҪʮӾܵ
ὫԼصúܺãһʱҲûз
ʱȴִ˰죬ǸвŮִ̫
ǸҪţӦеŮʹãϸˮ
ǸŮȴҪռأһգͻƳΪʥʥŮ
˵ۣϣܹӮĻԼܶ๶һЩʱ䡣
Ȼ
·ŮͻȻֽһѲ̵ذײǸؿڣһ̲סͿʼˡ
˭ɽ˱ҪʲŮĿ̲ס˹
һãһͿٳ˳ȥ
ЩߣȻ׷
Ůһڵȥ׷ˣء
ԣЩ¶ޣȻĿǰȴûа취ֿǿŮģֻ¡
ˣȴǽŭк˼ϡ
ٶȺܿ죬Ȼ׷óٶȼӳֵŮһʱ޷Щ˦ѡ
⴦ɽĵαϤѾץסˡ
ˣʱʱĹͶìҲü֧׾
䣬˼ֱˣǾȻöΪ
˵ѱ˶ߣֶֻν˶ߣ޷ˣȻڶһ˲ֻὫ߽ʹñӳĶ߹ʮ㡣
ֱ̫ˣ
һͱһֱҧһڡ
ߴޣݼʱ˼⣬Ǳע˶Һ
ԥͻӵն
ڹȥȻôţڲлŮ
׷ȴ֪飬׷һֻˡ
ʵҲˣϣֻҪϢʱ䣬ͻһˡ
治ãΪţȻӽһ·
ʱһĻͻȻǰûзӦͿЩ׷˷׷ڹâ֮ڻ
ͬĲѩȴһۼû
ˡһ
ңӣ˿
ΪʧѪͷĿѣ۾Ѿǰƺˡ
̲ɽ䲢ûκѶȣʵϣԱȴ䣬ɽĲʲô
Ҳˡ
̫ôãָűץڵϵĲŮʵ
۵ͷݲϵĿȴޱȵ̫̫ɱ˰ɡ
ܶʱԸɱˣǲɱˡ
ֻǵһӰ̫˵޶á
ȻˣŮˣҲöԷһıҪ
ոͨʣ֪λŮһλƲ磬˵ɽһԣʥʥŮѹ̧ͷԲָֻţ˽
˼ǣ֮ǰɱȻӣ
ˣζԷΪӰ첿䰲δ֪ء
ڱ̺½̲ʲôĳ򣿡۶Էʵ
һ漴ش˺ͲʳߣԳҲֵʤһǴЩԳ󶼻ķϣýġ
˶٣ֵ̺½߸䶼Ǩ㣬һԭĲλò˾ͻǨ㡣ЩķϵԳѡ񡣡
ȻȻ򷫵Ƚɽ˴ش䣬š
˵ͷ
һ̲۲ûж¶棬ڱ̺½֪УҲǴ佫ɽ̲ˡ
Ǹɽأǵطǳ⣬ļתתж֮ǳʺȻʹ
˼תͷŮڹ̶طĿռ֮𣿡
ռ֮ţŮһ˼ǹ̶ʧĿռͨ
۵ͷ𣿡
ŮµûԹҲ֪ܲܳɹ
Ǿԡۿڵ
ǿҪİŮԥµȻãǳΣաˣҲֻôһС
˶٣ΪҾͳ˺ܶͷ屻ռ֮ࡣ
˵ţԼĳûۿһͷƤһľ޴˰̡
ʱҶÿ죬ҵԴѾˡ
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514 ʥ

Ȼ⣬ǴӦŮЭ
Ůڵлȴ̲סȻ֮ǰŮöԷ϶⣬ϾԼ̫ǿԶԷûкô
Ҳ̽ѯһ뾹Ǹ˵һ޶
һߣȴһؿҵ˵ʵǲǡͻȻˣ
ҵ˵ͷԼʵȴûж˵
ˣҲ˻ˣֽŶЩ
ͰŻˡ
û¡˰ֵˣȻ˶ˣԾͲȥˡ

ϢʱҲ𾪼ˣ˵˲ȥ
ҵ˵ͷЩε游˵䱾;޶ﶼû𣬸պñ̺½⣬ҲҪһӦһºŮս
ʵǿ󣬼һɽҪ˱ܣϣûǸҪˡ
ûǴĻ仹һЩ½İɣۿʵ
ϾŮÿķڣ˵Ǳ̵ʱ
ҵıˣ游˵ʱ͹ȥˡ
˵زҲֻҡͷˡ
æ꣬۽ߵ齻ӸԼ˻ص½
ǡʱŮȴһŵ˹ֳۣһʥ
ಿʥһǰȫջҷַȥˡ
һ㶣ʲôֳһʥ
ʥŮޱŮȴǾˡ
ۻͷǣʲôǴʥ
ŮޱŮһۣ鶼Щӡ
󣬻ޱŮڽ͵ʥ˼һʥڶγʥʥҪͬУǡ
ԥһµ֮⣬ʥЧ
˵һ㡣ü
ޱŮŮһۣŮ̾˿Ҳ֪Ǵǳ󡣺ܶΪΪԣʵˡںܶǰһλŮʥҲ˴ʥ´ʥŮԣкһһ
ʵϣ𿴷ǵܴ󣬵𵱳һкѾѷɫࡣһĺӣ֮ǿһȭɽġ
û뵽Ȼ飬˼Ƭ̣ʵǲ紬Ķ䶼ⷽ飿
Ů˵ͷȷʵˡ
ʣʥֻҪʥܳ𣿡
ˡޱŮڵʵϣǲλŮʥֻɫġ
˶٣ų˴ʥʥû֪Ͼ£ҲһҴš
ۿŮȥɡ
ȵԼʥ£ǻ׼Ҳסˡ
ͼɫʥϹһ͸ˮĹӣЩĽɫ˽ɫ
ۣǸոһ£ȻǧʥŮǰ
ǧţѾҪ֪ϸ½ʥҲſһǧࡣ
ʥȷʵҪһЩһԵޱŮ
һ˵ţһ̲סѵؿ֦ͷĴʥҪǴֵܷһЩöð
Ȼ֪̫ܲ󣬴䵽Ǹչ˳Ĳ䣬ĿǰûеõΣָֻˡ
ȴ뵽дĸԭ򸾼ֵʥˡôʥ뷢ȥҲѡ
ţԲŮͷ֪ͨһ£òҪеķ򸾹Ǽʥ
ܰµģӾǲŮͷˣˣ׻ǲһЩŮ㣬ǡϻЩǷȱ
۾ȻкŮһ㶣ЩЩϣԭˡ
Ҳ롣˵꣬۾͵ҲǲһԱڹɽĹбֳɫ͵ǽǵġ
ȻǡᣬɴôҲһŮһ̾أһ߿ĲѵҴ˸лĿ
ǧŴʥȻ࣬ǵȵһͳ۷ĿͲ֡
룬ԭһٶԷ򸾵붼ͨˣҡ˼֡
֪ĸʵǺһӵģֻǵӵ˸񡣵ʥֺ£ȴǲԸǴġ
ʣµģͶǴЩˡ
֮һҵԭū
ϣҲûƫġιɽ䣬ԭūЩҲˣֵײԭˣܻʣķ֮һĴʥʣµ򶼸ԭˡ
ڸո£ɽˣȻûзˡ
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515 к

ʥȥ죬Ŵʥһˡ
ĸɱҡ۽ضĻͷ
һε֮ǰ˵˲ˡ
Ϲ˵ֱ۵ͰôᣬҲһܻܵá
˶٣Ҳ˵ҴʲôģӻأһҲûϵ
ԭʼẢòڣҪĸҲ꣬ɲִᣬʮ߰ĺӻøĸĳԲĴ˳ѧϰ
ֻҪ˵ܵĺӣϾԼԷԼ·ˡﲿĺӶһˣѵЩҲḺ𣬸Ҫĸ
˵ЩȻȴ׻ЩԥǸҪ١
ĲץסֵģҸ㱣֤
޵ķʸɺϻ⣬һΣǾԲøĸŮȴ׽õˡ
Ҳһôѵ£֮ǰΪûйⷽķ
ڴŮŶ˭ûеΡ˵ϵʧץŮֵá
ʱʶ֮ʣﵽܿи
û۾ȵǣ֪ʱȻ֪ʲôһһ˵߸С䣬Ǽ뵽˽ಿС
ͳһ£½ûй˳ǽಿĲ䣬Ѿûʣˡ
˶٣֮ǰΪӾĲʮҴ߻ӵǲ䣬ʣµĲвٺϲˣֻʣʮһûмǽಿˡ
ֻҪһµʱ䣬ҾܽǶƹ
ǵģơ
Դ򿴵ŮŮһŮԼĲͶಿ֮ʹĴˡ
ĥһʱ䣬һҪһ䣬ֻҪǵŮƹˡ
Ȼһ£Ȼ̲Լ˳׻ǳɹˡ
ֻҪһŮĲͣȻ˫Ůһ֮ķչͶԤˡ
ۼСβ;Ҫˣ￪ʼи
£ÿ춼иҲӡ
ʱ֣ȥʳôʥиһˡ
һ̣˵Ŀ
ϣʥеһŮҲûϢһϢ
֪˶ãŲ𡪡
ŮŮ
һŮ¶ȣû뵽ȻԹ֪ͨϢ
߳ȴֹԹϢǽӶ˹
˶һۣЩĪ

ȴ߽һϲŮŮ
Щ£һŷӦеŮ˼ǡ⺢ǸŮ
ͷһ˷֪ܵ⻹ǡ
Ļû˵Ҳµ˼ǴʥŮΪŮǡ
Ů˿ڿˮǲһӶǧŮ
չһδҺܿʵʵ⡣
ӡô죿ʵ
˶ۣûԥ͵⺢ӵʥʥУȻĸɡ
ҪۿڵܿǧŮҪЩŮ𣿡
Ⲣʵ䣬ʥеŮҲвٸոջϥ±Сĺӣǲֳܷôֵġ
ԣĻȥ
Ȼܿ죬ʵ֤ûôá
ڶʳôʥиµĲŮһк
һʼǻΪкͨкûֱк۾
Ȼ˾ͷ֣ӵ۾ȻǺɫġ
Ҫ˵һ£ķɫɫǺɫɫɫ֣ԵɫǴû˵
ʱڳ˶ŻˣΪ⺢ӵʲôë
Ȼҽʦٲ鿴һ£ȴӵ۾ûκϵȱݡ
ʲôü
ҽַںӵ۾ϣκ⺢ӵ۾̺Ȼ
˵ģڳһ
֪Ȼ޷̺ģȻʹҲֻȻɡ
֮һ£Щʳôʥи½˺ӣŮŮкȴǺɫ۾
жЩкĳһȻϻ츳
֮ǻ¡ϵǣ
ЩĵؿۣЩİɣûʲô⡣
ġ
Ȼڶ죬һкʧ֮ʣԼҵķӶˡ
лڣĸ˵Ҳиݲзϵ³
-

516 ʥ

ӵĸĸŻˣȻû˵˶ܿǶ׽˹˼ɡ
üҲû˵ʲô
ȥԻ۵Щȷʵ̫ø
һԵķû취ģСʱһСľͻҰĸֱ۸۶ϣǴ䶼ǰӣĸŮġȳˣԼܿƾûˡ
ô˵ʲôʱܿƣ
֮Ǽ¼иĸһԸĸԼĺӵģΪܹƣĸĸĴһӰ춼ûܵ
ȻһЩĸ뱧ֺ£ŵǶӣȴǱһըҲǹЦˡ
˽£ҶŻ۵Щ
һ˼ǡ
𣿡ָ˸۵ͷϾӵеģõıꡣ
Բ⣬ȴǵ˼ǣЩܹ磿
ףͳȻ磬޷ȻҲ޷չЩкĴڱѾı硣
üʲôûʥĳֶǳԤϵ顣
㱾ͲÿȥʲôҺЦǣֵ㱾еıעĴڡ
ԶŻ׵ƶ
ʲô˼Щ
ҡҡͷڻöֻҪһ㣬Ƕһ޶ĴڣҪκξϲ֮󡣡
˵һ㡣ü
̾˿Ժðɡ
һݣʲô𣿸ܺ
ȷܺȴУĸȴܸҲ޷Ĵڡ˵ҪСġҿڵ
۸飿
ҳĬܶסҵңˣҿ԰ΣԺ󡭡ûǲҪ
ĵĵǣ̾˿á
ȻԷûлش𣬵ȴѾʮİգԷض顣
һǿԿ϶ġ
Է顣
˯ǰ̲סʵԺ󡭡һֱ𣿡
ᡣҺԥһֱڡ
ϸ硭۳ɵ
Ҫ֪ϱһֱѰҶԷһֱҲûҵ
Ǹҵ档˵£зŭԷҪ㣬Ұ¾Ͱҵ棬ҰǸУҲ޷ſֽŶʲô
˶٣ĳҲңһְֳˣõģ¸һڡ
㲻Σ𣿡Щĵ
ҡͷģཫҵ磬ܶ˺
˿漴ԥҪһֱȥ𣿡
һΣҳĬãȻһܴ㵽ڵȥ̫ΣˡԺ󡭡Ҳ޷ŵϱĽԸҲ˵ܹѡ
ûðսۣ֮ԸһһС
뵽ֿڵһ⣬ȥûмģס¡
ɫ࣬ȻҲ
һ£ֽѾȣϸҪ㣬ҲҪ¡󣬷㶼Ҫܱ֮ˡ
۵˵ͷ̲סʵ˵Ҫ£
ҵͷŮһͻƵͻΪ飬ȴͼ顣һ޷磬ֻܱһپһ𡣶ԷҰ±뽫ȥû뵽ʧˡ
˶٣Ҳʶʱۼʧ˾ͷˡ
û뵽Ȼ¡
ּ⣬һ취ߵȼ磬һΣնȣȴܱ⣬׼
۵˵ͷ
ЩģȻңкܶ鲻˽⣬Ҳһ֪ˡ
֮󣬻ۺܿΪʲô˵Ĵھˡ
Ϊһ꣬ʥٴγ˴ʥһεĴʥ¶ȴǽɫ
ϵǣһ֮ʥϾȻʥ
һεʥȴбǰεĴʥСˣСȴǽӲӵġ
ˣǿֲܻˡ
ȻˣŮҲûмʥʥЧεģ
ؼǣе
-

517 µó

󣬸߻۴𰸵Ļҡ
ЩʥҲеЧǡиӦҲЧ
ٶģȴ˵ˡ
ʥ൱ڵһĴڣڲŪƵǰ£ܿҲЩˡ
˵ˣ۵Ǿô԰ɡ
Զȱ뻳еķ򸾵ģ˵֮ǰһʥķ򸾿вѡˡ
꣬ಿӤ۾ֱ˲ʺɫϣֻҪ뵽ɫУҲŮ
Щ꺢ӵиûʥʲôӰ졣
ֱһ꣬ųֶߡ
һиȻûгʥ»ˡ
ʱ򣬻۾Ϊʲô˵Ĵڱܹˡ
ͬӵļУһΣ½ڻ۶ʮʱع̺½ġ
ʱزعʵѾûˣΪʱ򣬽ಿ䲻Ѿͳһ½Ǳ̺½ǱߣҲѾж乥£ʣµЩС˳Ҳʱˡ
ʱ򣬴ʥʥѾϡˣһʮ£۵ʥÿһ¶һʥÿһʥвͬЩʥĺ޲츳ӵ
һֱһӣȻȴ겻ԸزЩԷ˵ҵ⡣
˵ˣҵĸ涼ˡ
ҲЩŮһû󣬵Ƚǲ˻ûչˡ
Ȼ˽¸˵Ϊָ䣬ĹϵⱲӹƶкˡ
ԴǸ⼫ˣ´ʱֹһ˵Բ
ȻЩźҲܿͷſˡ
ȴ룬ʮһ꣬ಿʽ½ͳһŮʼʥչƵʱȴǷԼˡ
ûŪЩ޴
ӦáûŪҲ̫ȷ
ʮ»̥۵СȻƽƽȥûлһȻȴ϶ĻˡϾ̥ȷ̥ɲʮ¾ܹġ
һգҪã
ЩԥšԪ
˵٣ֻӷΣⱲҲ߰ɣ飬ֻôࡣ
⺢ѲҪ̥У
ôһ룬۵ˡ
ҡͷõģ̥еģ弴ˣҲӰ첻ֺǡ
ʲôһŵ
ԥµ̥ĵ̫ˣԽԽǿɲʱǷ֮Ǻӳܾɥʱ򡣡
ɲΣ֮УΪ˸Ӷɥķѵ
Щ˺ôʼ࣬ͨҪǿˡ
԰˼ûǲҪ
δ֮⣬ҡҡͷԡΪӲǲ򲻵ѣҪµġ
˲֪ѾˣֻǷһֱû
㣬ڽŮʱ򣬶һҪТ˳ۡǣǷƺͶԼС磬Ҳġ
ԴˣȻúЦҲˡ
Ⱳӣۺһ˺ܳܳʱ䣬ڴӵʱʥÿܹʥѾܴﵽˡ
ʱѾˡȻˣŮʥ֮͵Ĵڡ
ͬʱŮҲǱĴڣǺͨŮһͬӵҸĻᡣ
֪ǴʲôʱʼŮѾٻᱻˣǳ˶һʥͨŮԲ
ͬһУۺǻģȵҪʱ򣬹Ѿһˡ
ȻȴįǱ۾ʱ򣬸ǳصĳŮԼʿΧ£ڻ۵ʥΧͷΪһ̡
ʱ䣬ಿһһ㷢չ˹
˵룬ҶתͷҪ˵ʲôһ̣ȴǱһֻס۾
𿴡ͳɤڶ𣺡˲ֱ˫ۣ˵ˡ
Ҷһһź
뿴һģ
ʱ򣬾ϢȴһѵȥɣҺܿ
Ҷһ仰ûü˵ʶͶȻʧˡ
Ϊ۾һȻû뵽ǣ۾ľȻһ
㡭ʲô𣿡Ҷ㷵
Ĭú󿪿ڵ˵˺ܶ磿
ǰɡãǰ񡭡ܽӵ
ҸæɡٵҰЩɵƸϳҵ磡
Ҷǳһ飬ϸ˵һ𣿡
ԣƺЩݵſڵҿһּ䣬ʹԽ֪İɣ
۵ͷ
ƺ͵˼£ڵҵ˺ܶ飬ȻЩɵƶҪˣ
-

518 

ҶؾãһδԽ۵һˣû֮һ
Ϊ̫Ϣǵӣ۾ԼƺҽԺ
СˣͻȻߴһϲ
Ҷؿȥٽһеļ䣬ɵؿڵ
ԭн责ĸˣλټ޵ĸӶˣһľ˵ǵŮҲΪ
ҡһ߲ᣬһ߰˻ʿһ߶ˮι
΢˵ˮҡͷˡ
Сܣͷ𣿡Щʵ
ͷ
ˣԼ֮ǰĸý̨ҵԴ
ţЦͰأ
ԭĸýӳͲãҽжΪಡ޷Ҳˣ⺢ӴСڼԸ˳Сĸ˵һޡ
ԭҼ̳ˣΪɷЭĶǴСģΪĸ˵Űˣһҡ
ҲˣƽʱһǴҸͷġ
˽贵ͷǲСģҲ϶ˣͺҽԺиʲô
ڣûֹ
˵ΪԹߣҲúһҿɲġ
ȻѾԭװˡ
ôˣأĸҲ
贶ĸᣬԭĸһֱãˣȻܿͼ˽ȴС
˵ףЭǿ˳СֲԲΪˣܹľչԭ
⻳УΪԭ򣬽ͲزۣжಡĿβųˡ
ȻŴˣҲûôչԭʵ˽֮󣬽ЭͽĹܼȨջˣԼڼ۸Ů
ˣٶԭһֱûж⣬ͬһ¶е飬ȴǲϣоӵġ
ߣһסţ˭ϣԼļͻȻȡģ
νļ˲ġ
֪贵뷨ɫЩõСС֮ˣżæŵȥչ˶Сˡ
˶٣Ϸ˻һˣܿСǱ߾ͳ״Ҵ뿪ˡ
üһԶˣ
Ѿǵڶˡش
ʣҰأ֪𣿡
˵ıѿˣҪ֪ͨģǱСסˣ˵۶С㣬˵Сѹٸ
֪£ڰ޳ء
ζع˹ǵҵֻأ
أҴ˹˵ţæӿڴóֻ
贽ӹָֻƽ֮ͨ˽Эĵ绰
ڶ绰ͱˣЭͳɤǱߴ˹责˵Ҫͬѧһȥμ¶Ӫôпոְִ绰
˵ЭλʵҲǺö
ҵҲ˵λҵһǸǵĽɫСͬһʡĵġ
Э÷Ϫ÷һ𳤴໥ȴ磬˵Ļǳָģ󵽵׻ǽˡΪЭ֮ܳΪһྴķޣº֮˾һЭˡ
ʱùǺȴҲû취
Э֮ȢȻȴΪϲԷȢԷġٻ֮û÷Ϫù泹濪ˣ鸾ʮָ˽ŮҲ಻ʤ
ȻЭٲǶԽŮȴû˵ΪŮͲȷż̳˵ĵλ
鸾Լ˶Ҫңڶǲɢѱϳȥˡ
֮Ҳֹһ鸾Ͻţһ㣬Э׻ˣдһݹԼ½ŵĹɷݶֻڳŮ责ŮĽ䣬ҲֵֻܷһЩֽ
£ǽЩ鸾״ѹȥ
˵Эԭ氮Ȼ贵ǿףжమ裬Ů˶ƽȵĴڡ
ȻȻЩĶŮﶼǲ贵ġ
贺Цʲô¶ӪҽԺء
ôҽԺЭûж룬ֻʵסԺ𣿡
СŮжٹģһеĵλߣСŮҲ¸֮ʧȥ
ˣĵλҪ˵Ǻͽ贱ȣǸ˽ŮȣҲв硣
-

519 ״

贺Ц񶨵ǣԼסԺˡ
ԣЭ̲ˣôˣʲôˣúõôҪסԺˣ
ԭ͸ױ׽ҲûԶԴһ¡
Эŭʲôʱ£ôûյϢ
亦̾ûи㡣贺
֮ǰһѵϢ
ЩϢǱģġ顱
Ȼûб˴۸ǰľ顣
߹鶼ΧŽҷݣҲʺϽЩɵƸϳȥġ
˵费Ҫƽϣǡ
˵ȡˣضѾϢȫޣɢġ
Ҳ˵ǲ贾ͻᱻһҶ
ҡʵҲǣ˵ЩԽ߶ɵƣֻɵƵĻ
˵ˣ˵ԭ责ɺϱ
ЩԽߺߣ᲻ᶼнָ
Ҫ̽һ䣬ʲôơ
ϣ֪˹һͰ˹
贰̸ĸһ㲹ӡֺõ
˵ҲʮͷӣҲǳãǴǴŴĹϵ˵ĸоǳơ
ллˡŶԷòһ޵֮⣬΢Цŵл
λĸûб
Ĳ˵ջǲģõʳֶϵȵģҳĸζǳã贺ֹס
꣬һʰͰһ֧֧Ǹ贰ܲǰ˵˵û֪ģôСô㣬һǲСġ
һ仰û˵꣬贿ڵ䵽ǲǹҵģû𣿡
ӭĿ⣬Ļ˻ȥ
ŮĲǹ
úŮʱɫǡ
ºŮҲǹˣ˵˴Сһ·ܵίְĶԶǾѡģȴѡģͬǽС㣬ֻ֪责ЦûиǸӣԴְ֮һҪɫɫɷȴûпǹ
ˣβʹ
Ů˵ˣ̫̫ίһʱûסš
ô룬贿ڵ˵öԣ䵨СԲ£ǣ仹𣿡
˵޵ķʸҲûпǹԼҲᱻɣȻ
贵̫ˣЭȻ۰ʵ˹ѧҵϲʵ˽òࡣĸ÷ϪͬҲûΪٻͲŮÿ꺮ٶŮӹȥסҪ˵ж˽ŮҲǡ
һˣǾ͸㲻ˡ
׽ӶˣԽȷʵ˽⣬ֻӶˣɣҲ˵ʲô
οѾӦΪΣһıֺԭͬ˻ɣԴҲὫԷĻ
һĪʲô仹
Ҳûж˵û˻˽䣬¶ԽԽ࣬Ļͻһδα
Эڵڶ賿ϵģ벡һʱȥŮԵ˿ڣǴƬɴѪ۵ֱ飬ôôѪ
贺Цְôˣ˵޵Ҫܴ𣿡
ҶˣǵıȵҪЭ¹İʵҽô˵
͵أæСο˴ˡҽ˵ˣҪһЩ˾ҪûˡҺ˳ҽҲ˵ѲķգŻˣһһҹСˣ쿪ۡ
˵ţʵе
λԭ÷̫̫߳ģ÷̫̫ŷ˵˵ı¶õᣬĿȾҲѧһף޵ʱһٶġ
СԭֻҪܵίܷŴʮڽЭǰһö֮һίҲԭܵģ״
ЦеҵûΣûʲôоˣͷˣͺһ飬ѿġ
˵̲ס˱졣
ҵС㣡а¿Ҫıҵˣӡ˭СﲻһƯƯıҵգƫСû˵ҲҺԼҾй˾ҪȻȥӦƸƾƬñЦ
ЭɫԽԽѿأ
һ㶣һأ֮ûˡ
˶٣ǶСֲ˰ɡ
-

520 

ȰĻڽЭȴǸ̶
һֱû责ʵ
ȷʵãȻûҽԺǾ˵ûΣ̶ֳȡ
£ԱԼһߵĽ㲻Ųʣǡġ
ңЩŮķ䣬Ůһ߿һ̵سƬлһƬץסʧˡ
΢΢漴üҽ㲻ܳЩʳƷģô
䷭˸۵ʲôԣһŻʲô˼Ų԰ŵ飬Υˡ
üڵոսӵ绰ֻˣǲȥҽԺ
ȥʲôȥһм׽ãҲһȣѵҪҸͷǸɡ
ǡһֹ㣬ҪǲȥҽԺʱ򷢻ͣҵǮ
˵½ͻǽ˳ĶС㣬Щ˽ŮܰõǮ贾Ͳ˵ˣͷõǰְֵĸԼëûС
裬ְܸܲ˵Ҳһĸ俪Ҫ
˵ʲôһҲͺǳ
䲻˵Һ˵ʲôˣҽ㲻ҰֵĸƾʲôûУ
Ůһִ֣ɫЩӵ䣬Ҫ֪ǲһġ
ʲôһŭǰְֵŮ𣿡
ôһЦ贵ĸ÷ҴС㣬Ȳ˵÷ҵòȽС˵贵Ĵ˺Ͷˣһڲһʡίͨ˹ŵġ˵壬ζǲܳΪҵļ̳ˡ
㲻֪ԭ÷ڵʱҲֵĸģҡҲһ쿪ҪõһŸȻ
뵽ɷ·ʲô޻̸֮һĺЦ飬ѿڲĸҲһġ
ɷԼʵ̣ÿ¸Ǯ⻹ÿ͵ĸֵķװΡԱǰѾǳˡ
˿ңΪԼûзĵ
һһ⹫ҲҲ𣿡˵Ҳͨ˼ҡ
ٶԵԼԣѾǸʲϵ˼ˡ
¶ЦǵʲҲڣͨҲǮˣȦο֮ûƲľǵҼ޽ҵõǧƸ𡣡
䣬ûеģΪҵŮҲһġ
ƾʲô䲻ֻҪְֻһ죬ҾǽҵС㡣
кܶ໰ҪȰȻŮִ֣ɳĬˡ
Ҳʹʲôã
ǡʱŮӶֻˣĵ绰
һɫˡ
ǰְ֣ӵ绰ߴٵ
˵绰ιЭ𡭡
ŽҹҽԺû˵꣬ͱˡ
ҪڣǱߵ绰ȴѾˡ
ְ˵ʲôֻЩȲʵ
ǽŵܲðǰֻϿ֣
ҧҧҴȥҽԺû˵ǣ²ɷȥҽԺʮа˾Ҫѵһ٣˳贵Ǹġ
ЩԸƲƲ죬ȥȥɡʵŲȥǸŮء
ϱǵõĴƿԬǸŮ˻ɽţĻУ
УԶĻȥ죿
ڻУԼֺýЭƫԼ²ܼ̳нţҲһҪõŵĹɷݡ
Ž䵽ҽԺʱ򣬽Э贳ԷȥԼҵľƵȡģʳı֤ɾζҲ
ЭԼ·ɻûθڣһ˫ӸŮвˣż̰Ϻ
ӵô鸾ˣŮ˸˵ֶж߿֪ԵŮ˻Ҫⲻ⣬ŮһĶûˡ
һĻϰΪȴ׶Ťˡ
ˣЭ̲
˳ǣţЭ·ɻôȻȥ˯һ
ǶҹŮˣһ˯ţЭķһԤ׶ûУֵı±͵ҵĽ£˵һԵĽ䶼һ
ǵģЭȥţǰô
ô˵Эվ˲ָڼﲻͦ˵𣿡
ǽˣͽΪصĶԻֻҪ֪֪һ
-

521 ķ

仹û׽ЭĻȴѾЭ仹С˵ЩҲĵģ⡭
ĻڽЭ̵˫Ŀһ䶼˵ˡ
Ҫڣȴסˡ
ЭƳһСŮÿ˶ҪΪԼ¸ΣȻǶԼڽҵĴǾʹӽҰȥɡ
ȷСŮŮǸȻԷҲ֪ĵǸˣҲĲ鲻Ը
˭ѵΪôһԲˣ
ȻˣԴӸϴɡ
˵ˣǽҲһ£û뵽Эô
˶ˣЭ˵ʲôҪҳȥû뵽Լʵô꣬Ȼôϳȥˡ
㡭Ҫ飿һ־壿
ӹңԭȦУȴ˶˵ỰԼϳȥԺ󡭡
뵽ܷ飬ǰһڣ˹ȥ
ȴ̲סˣһ͵ƾʲôһǻúõûȱ첲ûȱȣһĽãѲһøͷϴɣ
ЭŭЦƾϳԵĴõĶӵġ
ô󣬳ǰ÷ϪúŸɣǵһαƾʲô
ţĿؿ̳ĺŮǲҲõģȻԹңԺͲҪٻҽҵǮһÿᣬ⡭
ôͣҽҩѾԼ취ɡ
Ĳһﲻ˵ģǳԵĸ̲ӪƷ͵ǧڼҽҩԼƸרҵҽӪʦķãһǧ򶼴ס
¶Ů⣬ЭȴġΪͶʽһҽԺƸƵרңΪľҽ㡣
ˣӦ˹ȥЭ㲻ģ¿ĹѪϣҲȡ
贵Ŀһֱڽϣûע⵽ȴע⵽ΪڻҪĽʲôЭϷš
ҪʲôϺȵ
û뵽ԼΪ˿ˣû뵽ԷͻȻʱһ㶡
һ̣˵Ŀⶼ˹Ȼ㿴һֽҪЭϷŵӡ
۾˶ܹĹ
ʲô
ЭҪùеֽæֹȵȣ
ôˣЭջ֣ʵ
贿ڵȥá
ֵֽܿǾʲôЧȴ޷б
һǿ϶ģڽЭʳĸƿ϶Σ
Э̬ȣԼĪܲµֽЧˣԲŻҪ
ȻĪҲⲢʲôֵҪ󣬱ȥýеֽ
ЩԼС˼ֻҪֽ֤ûʲô⣬ǽЭͲٹŮ
ȴǱˣҪ
Ҫ֣Ķȴ죬Ѿһõֽ
Э룬⺢һûлģֽƾǸ硭
ʣµĻֽһâ֮ʧˡ
ǽЭҲһʲô
һգգؿȴֻš
Ȼ󣬾ͼ۾䣬ü⺢̫ˣ飬ǸûУѹֲˡ
ЭҲɵһĻ֮ɫʱ
ѹڼȻʴʣ
ķã˶ˣ죬򶨵ʲô֪ǷֽǴһʿ򵽵ģ˵ܹƽֻҪðְƽ
мּǣȻЭȴһ䶼ţЦһˣҰѶСȥʢ԰ĹԢ˿
˶٣ڹԢװϼء
Ů̫Σˣ
ڷֽԴ϶ʵ˵ûϵȥ顣
ЭۿŮߣȴûκżӣֻؿŽЭ֪ˣҳȥòã
ЭԥѾˣﰢ˵仰ûлĵģЩ뷨Ҳߥ޵ģΪֻ˵˵ġ
գգ۾ԽЭְ֣ٸһλɡ
۰Ͱ͵ؿЭ
ЭƬ̺ðɣٳ¡ͱҷˡ
ҲĿһڵ޺ģҲ뿴ŷֽЧܳá
-

522 Ⱥ

贵ѾҪٴҽԺˣЭֱӸ˳Ժؼˡ
ҲܰרҵĻʿչˡ
ЭҪ뿪ԥµְСһ㡣
ЭȻСŮϷýȣԴŮȴһɵģְֲµġ
˶٣Ƕ״һҪһʱְ֪ͨ֡
İɣҲ˵Ҳ˵ġ贵
ԣʲô¶ӡЭһ
ǼĹܼң֮ǰǼĸȥȥɥˣ֮ǰ˽贵Դȴû֪ͨЭǾԲᷢġ
Ϊϵа£Эһ绰˻ԭڼϸġ
ʱ򣬱ڽʢ԰Ľ侲֮ȴû̫š
㵽䣬ֻ㿪΢š
ܿ죬һСħȺ΢Ⱥ˽ȥ
΢Ⱥ࣬ϽҲʮˣԼͨˣȴһһͷ
뵽õϵĻķҧҧ˽һзаʵ棬ǸķҪô˶ܲȣ
Ҫ֪ңΨһվߵˣɺãΨһһԼˣҲķ߷ˡ
Ǽ򵥣ֱɱ¡ãаŻشҸĻķɲͨɫûʹʱޡֻҪɱˣܰѻķû
赭д˵ɱˣɫһףڨڨˡû취𣿡
ȻˣҿԸ㷢һķҪ˻ķķˣԺͲܵӰˡа濪ڵ
¶ЦݣĻˡǽνƻҲܲ߷ˡ
а濪ڵǲҲûطһݺң
һ㶣ʶϻһøŶƿȥȴԼûпԳĶ
Щ˵ЩŶ涼۵ǳ⣬ҲޱȣܹĴڡ
˵ȵȣȻ뵽涼װ˼أȲ˵ԢûйŶУҲڼЩŶʧ
Ǹ㣬һγ𡣡
ķаҲû⣬ֻðɣҪ˵
һȺʵλУ˭ܹϴ跥ĵҩС˵в˵κ⣬ֻҪһϴ赤ܹ
鵤ɣϴ跥Ҫ̶ֳȵЧ
ԷͷһǵҩĴУǫʵҲ̫ףܸ˵һ𣿡
΢ȺʾŮеֱӺУŮ򺰽㡣
鵤ɣϴ赤ֳ֣һǷ˾õķһħõ鵤õģһ־Ŷյģ߼һȥߴݼ߼ľܹ̥ǵˡǰ߶򵥣߼֣ȿɲ鵤͡
ʿˮʵķˣӦóϴ赤
ǵÿǳʲôˡ鵤ɵˣǳϴ赤ûãҪشȱݣǾ͵ó߼ķˡ
ȱݡæ߼ķ𣿡
ȻûС鵤ɲҶûַˡ
ʧȻֺõǽܰһ𣿷ģһġ
ǸıǮ֮ǰȷʵԼ̫ļ˲Ż£Լܼ
ֻҪԼˣͬΪŮԼ˵ܵõͽһӣҲǰһӡ
֮ǰĻķͲģְʲô鲻
ǲ鵽ˣ֪ԼкȺĽְָ˵׼ǽΪҼ̳ˡ
鵤ɿɲа˵۾ҲǲУһʷһǧϵĹŶ
һǧʷĹŶҲγˡ
Щۣ뵽ܼ̳нţʲôʹӦˡ
У㡣˵仰֮鵤ɾˡ
ȴûоʹߣǲˢ΢Ⱥ´˱˷ĺ
Ҫ֪֮廹ҺԺȣΪ֮ǰһ
ȥ֮󣬲ʲô״һڶ᷸
֮ǰǸųֻ̀ҪմѪõù˳졣
ϧ̫ˣ˵ֲܱ˵ģȻúѹˡ
򲻸ˣˢһСʱȺ΢ɽĴоͷһгһĴָСӡ
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523 С

俴һ½ܣӽˮ飬ܹˮԴˮʱܹˮӵ΢
ȻǸСʤϸˮ
Щпɸչڷ˶ԣ൱ܵһĶ
Ӷ˿ʼˣ䶼䣬Ͳһ쵽źȺ
һߣЭ鿴һ͹ϣһֱûгȥ
ǵġ绰һߵ忪ڵС״ţ˵ʲôʿ
ķ£Эû塣
룬ֲҪ˵ʲôرĵطǶС⼸ƺͻȻʼϲֻһ쵽ֻˢ΢ţչɩ˵Сһֱ߶Ҫ
ˡЭ档
ҵ绰ֱӽ绰ʢ԰տӶ˳˯Ų鿴һֻʲô
λǽ֧ˣΪڣӳоܵҵҵҲ˳½˹˾󱻽ЭгΪڣǽЭĸ֮һ
˵ͷ
һߣڼ˵ĽҲӵһѵοʵ绰Ϣ
ջظһλȦкѵϢֻˣĻ˸šС衱֡
ɫ΢΢λСɲ
÷СֵΨһһѡ̵ˣƺر츳÷⹫һѡΪı⣬һǮСӸ˳ȥȻ÷Сƺر츳ǿ÷͵͵Ӽõǵʮ򴳳ҡ
պ÷⹫״ֻԼͷˣСҵɫһʱɿˡ
֮÷ҵ֧֣÷С˵ҵ÷ˮ𣬺ǵֵǮİٻ˾תȫͶ뵽͵ҵϣȻһʼһЩȴǳŻĶ磬ǧڵй˾ܡ
⼸꣬÷С˸ż޵÷Ϫúµĺƽ̨Ϊֿڱǲơ
ϰ꣬÷Сƺ̨һսĿ
ݽյǷݾ飬⵵սĿҲɹ
ڡȻ÷С˵ľ仯Ҫ˵ĻǺܶ¶ǰһЩ
Ȼı仯ȴСˡ
ͬҵϵһ˳÷СڸǲһĿ
˵˾֢֮÷С겻Ůɫ÷ŵĴʶԭӣ˽˵ôҲ޺һŮ÷档Ȼ÷濰ʱλСͷɻʧȥˡ
ھУ÷С֮һֱûȢŮһֱϡ÷Ȼûиľ츳س㹻ˣƸרҵˣһӵĺҲһĶӣҲ˳ؽ÷С˵ҵȥ
ȻԭļУ÷С˺ȴȢһӡ
ڴ绰Сˡ
С衣贽绰úԭһ
λСᰣֻͨ˳ʤòڣǴѧʦʲף︸ĸҲʦҲ˵ҡ
Ϊ˴ºͺƢ÷СҪȢʱ÷⹫÷Ŷûôԡ
÷һֱ缺÷ֱӽ衣Ҳˣÿ궼÷ȥĸɨĹҲ÷ȥ⹫ﾡТ
ˣ÷£÷⹫һҶΪ⣬Ѱ档
Ƕ÷棬ССܺãŽŮҲ⡣
Ҿͷˡ绰ǱߴС֮ǰϢҸС˶ŻˣҺûʲô¡
Ŀ΢װСģһ¶ûУСķˡ
Ҫ˵ʲô⣬ǾķرζԹǼƵյģҲķ
ԣС費Цˣǻ򵥣㰮ԵĻھ͹
ģϲҾͲСˡ
ǰҲûй᰹УѰ׼ҵĺĲˣ岻ݴǡ
ĺԵôġ
úܿ죬贲Ÿ˵׼ʳģʮӣ͵ˡ
һͷ͸ѪɴᰶʱĿ¶۵ô˵ôǱſˣ϶ʹ
⵹ģ÷Ϫ÷ŵŮΪŮִСûĸߣ÷ƫˣһ㶼εġ
ЦЦСɱ˵ˡ÷žʮüˣ澭ˡ
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524 

⻹˵һۣȻʵҪʲôС趼
贺ԥСĺ࣬лƤཷ޲ˡ˿عϡ˿ŨСĢǴ㡣
ɲ١ЦɣҪʱ䲻٣ҸϺȣͳʣµЩ
תͷӹܼңʳĶеİɡ
ееġæ
Ҹչְɡ᰽£Լ˳
߽Ӱ贴òϣλСĳúƯҲϲóŮȷʵľġ
¶Է⣬ֽ׶εٲǸ۶ӵˡ
ΨһҪȷϵǶԷĽָζ⣬ûá
´ԭļ֪λСղԵ贻̲סֵ̾ȼζҲֻռʳЧ
ͨʳģǵգķ˱Ҳġ
극һɳϺȲġ
ˣǺӵô£ƽʱſɲôصĺӡ˵ãʵ
һȴü˭֪·Ǳһһ
˵⻰ʱܹעŶԷȻͷֶԷлһĨ⡣
᰷ǳһ䣬֮ȴûᵽˡ
ˣɳãԼԼ硣
Ҫ˵ѾǺõòٺˣţԣ󣬹ؼڷҲ㹻أǼŮҲΪġ
Ҫ˵ʲôĵĵطʮȴʼûԼĺӶѡ
ĿǰᰵָζʳԵЧ÷Ҷָ꣬ûʲôԵЧ
Ҫ˵Ļ贲²⣬ʳԶԷĺøжȰɡ
Ļ᰼޽÷ҵʱ÷˾ͣӦʱôô׽һ裬ĸԸжԷ衣
һᰴ䣬֪Էͬ࣬Ҫ̽ԷĽָܲΪԼá
硭ܲһӣ
ô˵Լ谭ˣϵһ
÷ҵĵλܹõİôԭ֮ǰǳйô䲢ǲȡԭΪŵļ̳ˡ
ȻĻôˡŮ˿ƴƵصĿһûеߵġ
ᰵҵʱ÷СѵѾˣЩôô磿
ô÷С˿ʵ
Ȼã˿ڿſɲ񲻴
䡭÷СЦþһңҵŮɲ˭ܹ۸ġ
÷ֵܶ÷Ϫ˵Ǹ磬ʵŶŮģϾͲ̫Զˡ
ݼ֮£ŮеķҲᡣ
ó֮ǰǽŮտġ
ԣҪͬ鼸䣬ȻߣСӼҼңָ׼һʱʧ֣Ҳ̫ˡ
˵ģ÷Сü
贵Ȼûô˵᰾ɷ϶ȥŮţͷ
ʱ÷С˵ֻˡ
һЦˣ贡
ԣǲٵͷ΢ЦϽӰɡ
СˡŮЦӯӯӵ绰洫
һ÷С˾ͷ˴룬ڵҸ˵أΣͷϵ˻𣿡
һ㡣贵˾ķ֮Ͳˡ
ƶ죡˵÷СȴѾЦ⣬ʵô£䲻ֻһôͻȻ£
ڽЭţ÷ҲûЭѣ˼ҲԶڽǸѧϵĺӣҲ
ô֪贱ԹոСҲأ治ͻȻ˸һԭ൨С˰ǴڲϳԹΪ忼˵䣬ͷˣҶûӦͱˡ
ҽԺҲǣ͸һ󳳴ְ֡˵ڼҲ˵˺ܶ಻ĻҪõһĴ
˶٣ЩãСˣڶԺء
÷С¶ŭɫŮȴôأǲ㱻ˣɱ
ˣСˡ费ԹԵ
÷С۾ﶼɱȴڼҺúϢҪǾľʹĵ绰ס졣
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525 ޽

ҵ绰֮󣬽룬ͨ÷ĵ绰
责֮һˬֻͨ˹
㡣贺Цڸأ
֡÷Цһȹӣ㴩˿϶ÿء
ǱˡЦԴͺһ飬Ǵȹѿ˷Ǯˡ
÷һôأ
εҪͷˣ˿Χͷͷһɶˡ
治ãҲúÿû
ǡ÷̾ʲôԵģҸ򡣡
ס¡Цڲܳȥһڼ̫ˡ
÷ͷУҵȻ͹
У𿴲꣬ʵѾˡ÷˺÷˵ĶŮѾҵгɵͣµﱲĶȽСꡣ
һˣһ費ߣйϵͺ׽
Сʱ÷ͷˣ贿ֵĴСʲô
ǲƷ÷кѣҰۺһЩ̲ҩģС̰ŪģǺûɫ
÷һ˾˺һС̣˾˲˸ĸķͶˣСһֱûн̳˼ҵ
ҽҩͱƷģⷽԴ˭
彫Ķ÷濴Žͷϵ˿ô£ѾͷƽʱһôͻȻôĵӣ
ô֪һ͸һһǿС˵ҿ϶Ϊоӱˡ
÷ûĻ棬ֻǵ˳뷨ܻ䣬ǰʵҲǿġ
ЦЦȻʵأϴβ˵ҪôͻȻȡˣ
Ҳոġ
վ飬÷˳飬ȻڻһŮϴ϶ѰŮȴίʵ
Ǽ̳в÷С˵ҵǸΨһŮΪһλѧҡõŵ֡
뵽һ
ЩıֻǺȶһ³Ȼĺȴǲһġ
ͱ£÷ûкԭɷ飬ǾͲǶԳڵĶŮ
÷СӱǾ츳ٳڣӰҲޣŮһѧҶӰԲС
ôǲǿ²⣬ЩߺʹԽ߶ɵĲõӰ죬Щ
˵ҪҲˣ
Ӧòˡ
鲻ô򵥡
ˡ÷εҪ跢֣Ҷ֪һƷ
÷潻ѾͽһǸò˧Ƣº͵ˡ
ô˵贾һȻᰵֱڡ
ֻǹ÷ţյľȴûжԷġ
÷üҲ֪ģһļͨȻ⣬һݱͨҲǺ¡ĻһӸҲȽס
贵ͷ֪÷һзִˣΪԼͥþͿɷ򣬱úӸգҲ֮ҪӸա
һŮǸɷյġ
Сӵľ츳ǱеĻǱ÷С˵̳ģͲ˵ˡ
÷ֵһİְǰ͹ˡһҴѧʱʶԭǸԸرãƢҲرõˣû뵽һְֹ֮رƫִ±˸ӣҲԭ⡣
ұҲʲô£һҲ˵ˣܻܵСȽ׷һԼסһ׸͵ܵססһìȻ١
һҾͨ治ҵѾԼһѵģǷֻˣſˡ
ͦ𣿡贲
÷Ц˫ҳʱ˵ԺὫһԼӿ⻰ûʲô⣬һ񾭴;ǼҪһߣһҪߡһʼ軹˵ԲһԽ˵ԽԽ֣ҲˣҾˡ
֮齩Ҹһͷۡ
ЩŮˣһѱץ
˵Ǵ£Ҫƺ޽ġ
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÷°һյְû˵ʲôһ򶼺ϲһĻҲЩҼ޹ȥޡ
ʲô£εһ๵ͨͨĸأҪǾҲֿϧġҡ˵ʵС뷨Ҳ̫ˣκһ׮£Ŀһ㻵ûеġ
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526 

÷ΪȻ漴ֿЦȻô롣һļҾһ㣬ѾίˣûҪŵ
Сô˵ģüͷ
ôˣ÷һ
Ҷ˰ɣǡҧҧСô𣿶ң˵䲻ģСԼļҾҲûһã˵СҲ䣬ôûίСˣ
ɱСĻҪԼίˣԺҲáü޸һίˣʱˣһûиоС費һϸôִ᷸󣿡
÷ԭЩ£ȴ͵ػǰĸҪŮŮģ϶˵ֻ
һ̣Щ˵΢
õķ֮󣬽һֱҪϣȻû취뿪ʢ԰˻ķȴû
֪ǣ˿̽ЭڿƬ
ħȺЭüһһжζ
˵ͷҳԹҪСĺŽȺʧˡ
ʱЭЩԻ¼
üķķϴ赤
ǰ
ų̀Цҵ贵Ǹ̨ʲôط
ش彫Ǹ̨˹
̨СԸɩ˵ģɩ͵͵½ҡ
Эǰ̨ȥЩɣˮƽ⼣лѪ͸ŨŨĲ꣬뵽Ů㱻Ҫɫѿ
ķ𣿡ʵ
ҡͷΪݾߣûж֡
ЭҸڴȥߣȻαһ͵¼ЩֵֹĶŪ֡
ԥ£ʵСֻҪҪ
ЭҡͷһǸȺֻá
Ȼˡ
֪ץĵƣЭ˿룬˸绰ȥ
ã绰÷硣
绰ͷǱˣ÷ˡ
ôͻȻң÷̧ʾ⾯Աȳȥ
иҪæЭǱܲܰҽܼ֣Ҹ贶Ҫ
÷ڲӣܸܵĺ־Щˡ
ǳʲô£÷˴贵⣿
ҲԷһЭ
÷˿ɲô׺ŪȥģԽЭͣԼҲҵҵͷϣ޷һɿ
̶ȣȻȽϾˡ
ҲûʣϾ̽ҵܡ
ڸͺ£Ҳ⣬һϵŮİΣҶԱ󷽣ø۵ľѰó·
ڶ죬÷˾͸Эȥ
Ǹģ˵⣬ǰˣ´ࡣָΨһһλŮԵôţһҪ责ҵģŮҪбڷࡣ
Эŵ绰ǱߵģԼʣĸ贡
Լ贵ĵҪ
ԣ÷æɡ
ͷǴ˸绰Сĵܵܣעһ½ҵŮԿˡ
죬ͷЩͶ˽Э
ǴȸԼķԺһŻķӦԼ
Ȼһ֮ŷûãֹķǸˮ飬Ҳòˣŵˮ𲻵κЧ
ЩЭüֻнã
Ů˴ݹˮˮء

ЭϽŽֻȥһӪҵŸעˡ
Ȼˣֻˡ
˵ͷѰֻһ绰顣
һߣ᰺ò״˽סڽʢ԰ĥܺϵϡ
ȻȴǿҪˣһһԼֻ
ҵֻأ˭ҵֻ͵ˣ֮ǰķˮۻˣֻˣֻͷƤˡ
С𼱣һֻһµĹͳˡһԵӶ˰
ԣֻؼֻ
䶸Ȼ򣬶Ӷ˵壬ȥӪҵ°һſҪԭǸֻţùߵġ
Ӷ˿Ӧ£ȥ绰ˡ
һԼ̫Сˣ°ſ¡
ȻûãӶ˾һֻֻ
˵ʲôһ㵡
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527 

ֻ첻ˣһŵô첻ˣ
Ҫ԰ӶһΪѵ˵С㲻뿪ԡ
СֻҲûжٺѣҲûап¿Ҳһá
ôһ
ץȻȴһ仰˵ֻܱùֻ
Ȼܿ죬ˡ
Ϊעһ΢֮󣬵㿪ħȺ;档
ͷ·ֻŻԭǸ
ЭܿյϢǰԼʹ˺ܶ෽ûа취ٵķ飬ɫ࣬ǡ
վǰ˵
ãЭڵóϢ˹
һµͷ˾Ҫӽ΢ż¼˵ͷˡ
ЭΪԼһЩ˽ԭһ»ؼסʱʮ춼ˣҲã÷ҲãûгܣڽլסŶ̹
贲ܳȥ÷汾ٰһpartyһ£Ȼһڵ⡣
ȻԽȦеĵλû˸ҳЦ˽¾Ͳ˵ˡ
ˣ˭һЩԲԵĻˡ
partyǽɡ
ʲôǼˡҵסլʵĺլһ뵽ʩǼͥӰԺ߶򳡡ҡҡӾءϷҡɣңЩһȱġ
÷˼ǲЩϵѵģֻ׽ѣһʹ졣
贱Ҫܾģ뵽ᵽߺʹԽ˵ĿǡǡҲ˵˲
˵ʺϴЩߵģǲǡжпִܳڡ
ˣ˵ͷϰɣҲȷʵþöûоһˡ
÷ûʲôرĲܣΪ˴ϻǺһ׵ģΣеĶཻѣЩӲòίߵˣһûС
ȵǰ٣λС㿴ֱǱ׼òٱ׼£Ȼ˶λֱԸ
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׼ұңϳüλĺٵ游ĸʵĴң߸Ӱһʱȷ
ԼСͱֳѧϳڵ츳ͲܣȻ游߳
ʱͳһ׶ͯʮ꣬ѾΪҵĳҡʮ꣬ҵ⹫ϵļҡ
һ˫ˮٵ˫ͽ´һߣȻһϢѾͷڳ
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һԵ÷Ҳ˹ٵĹϵûн贺ãϾǣ˫Ҳʶ
λ׼ҴŮǱŵ׼ҾԼĳ磬û鷢лҪ衣
ˣٻӲһôǰʱ̲סˣۿԼءԼһһ㹹˼дһһУģһ·ı㣬˵дġ
˶٣ίƫƫó˳ֵ֤ݣ˵ⱾǰͿʼ˼ˣҳϮ˼ǣүүΪǱʢۣԲһʱͿϮ¡ҳϴ󣬻˵ὫǱճУȴǸ·ı㡣
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Ҫ֪Ϯ˵ףЩϸڣһҲβ˵ġ
ؼүүմˡٿЦʵѾкüˣﵣýҲûй
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ٵĸĸѧϵ츳ޣ÷ˮ𣬺ѧŻ׬
аٵĸ磬ǸǸ̥ĸҵҲ̳Уһ˵羺Ҳǵ羺ҵյ
ü鷳ˣеǸǲ֣Ĵˡ
Ҫ֪ѧɻľǳϮˣٶ꾭ӪĺһϳϮǾĻˡ
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528 

β֪ȴ޿κΡ
°͵һֱ˵ʲô·ı㣬˭
ҲǸߣҪ֪֪ľ飬ٺȷʵΪһλңʮʱõŵѧ
Ů˽ĸҵݣµķӱѩѹˣ͹ͶǼҡ
˵ȴһ
ֵôʶ
贵ıʱø
ŮȻʶľУɲһľʡ
Ȼ־Ǹġ
˵ȻҪ˵Ͷ׼ңȴνķӱѩѹͶݡ
ʵϣ֪ԼһһԺյݣŸġ
ķӵȷѹˣǷӱѾʮ겻סˣԣҲȱǮ
ǻһҷϴͷСãס治ҪͶݵķϡ
贵õľУɲСΪŰүүմ˶ԷĴ԰׼ҵвҪǽΪ׼ҵϷˡ
Ȼ׼ҲǳصģûдӦ˵ƴҪֱӰ˷ͥˡ
¹Ȼֺãʱ׼Ҳȷʵܵ˲СӰ졣ڰӲһ֮ٲָժ׼ҡ
һ˾ȻҲûеõĴȴǳˣΪ鶼ؽ¶˳
ʮ길ĸͳˣʱûõʲô⳥ȻùȻȴ˽֮ܵܣһһꡣ
ʱ˼ǽͳȥϾͻСܶ಻ķ޶
ȻϣǻһΪ
һºܵܶӰˡ˵͸ˡ
Ȼ׵ģ˭Ҳ֪˭°ӰӰ´Щ˵Ҿ֪ǰܸܵˡ
µˣѧȲܳȥˡ
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ֵطϴͷСãҪ˵жףûŵġ
ҪףǷҲֻдп͡
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ϵĻԷӦ˻Ȼ֪ΪʲôǵðдƷ
ңԷǰѾưˡ
ᣬ԰ٺ÷ɻ󣬽ӵҲ֪˵ǲʶǸ
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ģȷʵһӶ˸磬λǸͲÿյģҵİԲģȴ¡
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֪Щɲϸ
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ԼȻǳϮһŮ˵Ʒ
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ɶƾһмҼݶͬѧ˵ˣûӣҲ棬СѧͻдԼ֣ҵ֤ûõǳУҲǳУƸϵģʵʾǸһڷԣ
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ţֶʶȫдʲôƷ
ǽ贲᲻֪ᷢʶҪԣѧˣ
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üù֣Ժ󶼲ˡ
룬ʵأ
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˵۾ͷҲġ
֮󣬵Τ衣šλΪֹϵСϲ˺ȫ
СҲһĵ
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ˣҲһΤϼŵĴС㣬Ĵǧ
Ұֹؽʢ԰ˡΤҪæ͵룬ҰֿɲΪ˰ڡЩаš
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贽֮ǰҽԺ˵˳Ҳ˼֮Ĵ㡣
Զ׼ĴԽߺ߲Ҳ˵ַ˼鶼ᷢѻԳ˼άȥ˵þͻԴ
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ˣҲܴһɣǲԼʲôʱ俴˶ԷĴ塣
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ʵϣϴҽԺĽڵȷʵ˶һʮͷ׵Ĵ衣
Խߣüͷһ
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ԣ˷ˣ֪֪
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λǾҳСų֮ĸò־£Ƕױ֮󣬱˲òʶĪ棬ֶص
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Ǹط˺Сùõϲ֪һ˶٣迪ڵСùʲôӣģȻǸطʶСùòһ£ȴԸϲðյһСùõһЩ񱶼֪һ
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Ȼ毣λỹֻǰ䵭Ů꣬˭֪ʮΥԸȻ˴СѧˮīʣתȥѧͻŮӻΪһʵңһƷüǧ
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贺û˯ðɡ
Ϣкܶ࣬жԭĲ䣬һЩ˼Ķķչ
ԭΪǲ贻ȻʵʵҡȴΪֲҽԺһӡ
ȵ˳ı˽ҵĹɷݣԭΪʴȵĵߡ
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ǵõһݾ飬ʲôȻݾһ֣һǳЩߴԽߵĽָ޾ϸ˵˳
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֮ǰĲ²ҲȷʵȷģЩԽߺߵĵȷɱܹӰ˲š
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Ȼȴɻûô򵥣϶ʲô
ģܾܿЩߺʹԽֵ߳ԭ
责绰˵Ҫʱ÷һӵؿڵ
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֮ǰͲ²˿ƺƣʵûд棬Ļ˭ûеߡ
Ȼ²Ƿݾ֮󣬽贾Լǵ͹˶Է
ߺʹԽߺܶܶ࣬һʱս贵Ĳ²⣬˵λ
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ȻˣᰵЩҲһ
䱾ʵܴõĽָ̫죬ôս30%ĹɷݣֲȨ˸Ū
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532 쳣

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ļٷÿһƯҲû˵
ллС衣±÷棬ЦеСܵҶû뵽üٷ
ᰵĿ䵽÷ϣһȺ͵סù㰮ԵĵӰţ˿ڼˡ
һļĸ÷иӣǿһЦݵлл衣
ôˣﲻ𣿡һӿĲԾɹĵ
ʲôæСʲôóԵģҺ㶼Ȳˡ
ȻҲûж룬ЦЦİɣʧġ
ԼܣΪù׷
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ͻȻЩ߽֡÷૵ʲô鶼ǡôϸ룬±Ͳ̫Բ𣿡
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ȥǾð͵͵Ӵ䲻̫áˣţӴԷ
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ת˵Ե£ˣٹҪȥıҵˣûѡ·
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һݾеԭ˳˱ҵգţȻҲвٿȴ˳ӽЭн˽ţһֽ֮󣬳ΪһλȻŮҵҡ
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Դ⣬˶Զ裬ѡߴԽߵĴڸߺǣٽ֮ѵ׼
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ˣΪСϰߣζһֱ嵭ǰʱͻȻʼЩؿڵĶȤˡ
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Էó˰үүѵٵ¼ԴΪ֤ݿԼƷٳϮָʵνĲŮͷֺõġ
ΪԹ߶ûðɣȻ಻·Ƿ¼ȴΪ֪࣬׷ָ١
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ҵĹɷҲһֱڵۿʲѾˮ˺ü
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Це̵ĸǺ˰ĸţѾȥĺϷ˰ӹȥġ˵̵ݻ޲үү
ȴǽû뵽ġ
ҡٵ毺ΤҲҪμӡ毵̺ͺϷǹۣ毵үүѧǺϷġèǺϷ˵ĸŮĸûкүԮ֣ͣҲҪЩԲСĿ
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ȥҺϾҲСˣԼһŮܵһ˵ķ䣬Щʺϡ
Ȼߵһ룬ԥ»кķȥˡ
ȷһ¶ԷݣĻȻʱүһὫܸҼԼһлᡣ
ŸߵſڣûüţžٿشˣһվǶĿ⾯ؿ˹
գգ۾
˫鶯˫֪ΪͻȻЩ죬㡭ʲô֣Ȼ˻ȥ
뱻˷ԼһƬհףʲôǵˡ
үүסˣǾ͸һ֪ˡ
ȴǺɵؿ˶ԷһۣܾáոնԷЩ죿
ҡ
̧ͷȥôúÿˣ
ԭȻҲÿ۾ƺûô䡪ͷ·ܰȥһ㡣
ָо
Ѿ̧ͷô˵ѵʶˣ
ǰʶˡǿ򶨣һֿЦش
ȴȻԷûм䡣
˲ԭĺҲǴԽ߻ߣǾϢ
ΪϢ˵ĴڣǷӡ½磬Ͷ̥ɸճӤǻὫеļ䶼ɢġ
ȷֶԷĿһֱΪ޵ڿԼ͸ӿ϶ˡ
ǽ贡贼ûпĿģԼ֣Ȼʵôҽȥ
һ㶣˿ɡ
һ߽ȥһп϶ԼĲ²⣬еĺȻոշԼԭĸ飬ԭһֱЩŤôɡ
Ƚڴߵɳº󣬺Щнصһˮŵǰֻ֮ˮˡ
⸱Сһģ۾һתͻȻҪʹˡ
˵ʲô˼ˣװһ˵ѵֲˣҪҷˣ
ɴ۾һ㵺Ͳ֪룬˵ʲôȴֻʣһŴ
⻰ʵϹ˵ںֲ֮ǰ֮Ѿǳˣ໥Ҳ֪ԷԼ˼ֻͱǲ㴰ֽˡ
ֲˣԭ޵øʲôƵģҳҲ֮ꡣүǺˣԼԺôδ֪ԸⵢѵŮԭүӶ˵ȥ˹⡣
ڽЭҲŮһǰ;δĺϣǳүӡ
λŮμӺҵᣬҲǽЭԺүӵı̬
򴽵ҡֻЩ֪룬ϾѾˣΪ㡭
ü԰һƺ
ô룬ͷֺ֪ʲôʱߣץסԲҲ㡣
ʱϵĺΣһΪ򶨡
ôţһЦϣǾͺãո롭ҶҪˡ
ӣȴð˿ֵСݡ
ǡʱͻȻתͷ΢΢°ͣ겻ŮѣͲһǣ
£˶Ӳˣձͨ죬֪뼫ˡ
̲ס͵ЦҪŹһ̣һֻǽڷͻȻϣ̺䵽촽ϡ
-

535 ƫ

ǰҲ׹𣿡
贵£߾˵ɳƵʶشȻ׹
׹ʲôڻĺء
Ȼ⻰ں˼ͱζˡ
֪Լ˭һȴܹȷġԭĺ
Щ˿еǸԲԼ
ôǰЦÿڵŮڶЦ
һ˲䣬ֻĶ˱
贻عʱ򣬾Ϳģüչȥʵôˣ
ܹǣԼĵݣĵһӾɢˡ
ûϵҲǺ
Ҳǡ
贺ͺһٵ˶һ
ǡΤ۾Բˡ
÷һȻҾ˵֮ǰôôװġ
贺Ц˫һʽĽܡ
ǺҵѡһҲֵرס˺ֱ۵
ǹһĨЦݣȻǳȴ͸ŷǳԵĿġ
Ȼûжӣ໥֮ȴգٵ˷׷Щȡ
Ͼһ׼ûа
һ뻹Ǹʹһĵһת˼Ҿˡ
е
÷֮⣬˶
ǽһнүӲүӴ¥
үߵǰվ˷ǰվֳһ˲䰲ЦлλҽĴλҲٶ׸վٰⳡᣬΪ˱ģҵļ̳ˣӺڵֲ֮ѹˣ
˵ţ̨µĺ֡
˳ӵ̨վߡ
үӽִļϣɫ֣ص꣬Ҿ˶෬Ҳɺ͹֮Ϊᣬ֮󣬺ҵļֻ̳Ǻκˡ
·޲˽
ΪүӵĻ˾ͽˣȴƽһºڵλ֪һһŮֱǳӺԣӺӺͶŮӬB
Īѣʮǰҵĳӳϱһ¹ʮǰҵĶŮżұƷԾҲǴǸʱʼÿ£һ͹
ʱܶ˶Ȱң˵Ϊ˰Ҳοһӡ
û֪ҸѪֻʣŮعˡ
ʲô˼
ֳ˷׷׻Ȼ˵ǣǺͺֵԼǵ޶ˡ
ܡҸԭǴһӣײģǡ˵ǹһĨЦȴʲôû˵
һתҺġӵ̫ãҽ˵˲ʺ̫áȻˣһֱϲӣ־һ˹ڹµˡʱڲӣպͬӵһӲŸջ·һӻû¡ǰߵͣɷȥһ벻ҲȥˣߵѾҵȰ˵¾ļޣȰ˵ҪĹšҾͶ˼
һȥһ˵ӹȻܸˡ֮λ֪ˣҸĸţҲûֵܽãĸҲ͹ΨһСûѶȵҴӲתҵӣҲûлɹġ
ǻᣬǷˣҲûж͹ֻһͬʡ
ȺŮǷ޸ǾԲ֮ҴºһƬҵν緢Ȼ˭뵽ʮĹ򣬾һɢ³
ʱڳ˵Ѿˡ
˵Ҳû˵үƫġ
Ͼϴȥʱ˵ԺǺǴδ֪ȻүȴһûôӺӶ
˵ǶԳˣӣȴЩƽġ
Ȼ˼ʶ˺϶жô۸ֵͣҲѡˡ
Ȼ˭ܹ뵽Ȼ飿
ֹˣܶԽתÿѾ뵽ˣүôãΪʲôʱͻȻ˵ˣ
ҳӶѣûֹϾôɺϡ
ʱ򣬺ҲӦˣڵ֣㲻Ϊð˳̳кҾҺͶ粻ġ֪ƫ۴磬Ҳ
ΪԼϵѵģ֤ݾ粻ģôܻԸ⽫ϵĹɷݷָǣ
ȻһֱͷƫĴ磬øԼĹɷ̫٣ҲǼֵʮڵĹɷݣģ˭
-

536 

үӲҪǲţǿDNA
ҪӦ£һԵĺæڵʲôDNAܰô˵ǶӡҪ˵ǲģǾͲİɡ
⻰ûʲô⣬Ȼȴ·ǰʾҺĻʵֻΪӲԸ𴩸׵Ļԡ
үɫһҪԺ߶Ͼӹϵͼۡ
ӣûУСȴǷʤ
ӣӿֱçȴ˽֮
Ҳ֪ôӶԺǵĽһ޶ģǳȴһؿ񣬼ڣȴʤһƷ
ΨһŮһЩΪԸȴûʲô⡣
ү۵׵ɫ¶ʡߵ֣ҡҡͷ
۵׻һĨɫȴû˵ʲô
贵Ŀⲻ䵽Ǹϡ

Ҳ⡣
һݾУ׺һҲǸˣʵȴûʲôµˣȻڶݾУȴ˳õ˺ҵļҵ
ںֲУȻûֱӳ֣ȴźȴʲôû
ΪĽֲָܣֲܹͨӷԲ֮ڵĶ
ԺֵĲǱˣǺĳӺλǸߣõĽָһҩϵͳ
֮ԻֲˣΪҩϵͳҩ
ڽ贵õĵڶݾУͺҲйһ֣Ȼһţ󺫽òҵļҵΪӵҩϵͳҲΪһλ׷ҩʦ
Ⱥ򶨣ʱȴˡ
˼ǴԽߣӦûˡ
ճУүӴźȥ˴кˣ贸Ѵһûĵ԰ȥˡ
ֳ֪ϣ԰Ƿ֮أѡһĵطºûŲط
责С񡭡ġ°ͷ۵ֻ֪ΪʲôһΪҰֵĹɷݣϱӷʲô£ֲ˵
û˵ǣʹǲǵǹСĹɷݣֲ㴷
Գ˳ǣС嵱Ȼ˵ˡ
ھ鲹У֪Сʲôλڵһݾгһ¹ʧȥ
飬˼Ȼ֮ڡ
ʱСһλŮѴһ˵Ķӡ
Сԣ¾ͬһ壬ûж˽ӡ
Ȼ˼ȴûʧȥǣϾĸӳֵʱ̫΢ˡ
DNAǱزٵģȻ󣬶ûʲôۣͼǸӸСġ
˼ǴֱӸģΪǸˣ¸ɴ
һӣ˼Ҳ
û뵽ǣСȻǸŮ˵ҪҪԼĹɷݡ˼ҶϱͲͼԣȻûûعɷݡ
Ǹʱ˼ѾڿҪҪˣȻûüʵʩСȴһ⡣
ľ֮СȻԼûģı۾ԼϱӵҲ⣬ֳ̰ͼĹɷĽ
ȴ֪ǳȷ⣬ȻȴֳǸŮˡΪСû˵ԼĹɷʵһֱԼУǸŮ˻Ϊǲ⽫ɷݸӣԱ˳µؼ̳ġŲ
һ
ýͷ۵ǣⱲӵС廹ûǸŮģԸûа취֤ʵǸӸͲ˽ӡ
СûнָûʲôҲ㲻ϻˣôģȻһ޽ᡣ
ε߿࣬贾ǲ֪ôȰ
ͷأһŲ
һҪڵļҲ׷ױ͡
Ϊô˴Էʲô˽ҪӦûܿû뵽ǣԷ֪񲻺ûΪȻôܻظһ»ǽʼ̸
ǸСʲô𣿡͸϶ܹһӦװŮӣӦϸ˵ˮӦ
С㣿
һ룬μģܱΪСˡǺүӵŮع
ɻλСһӦһİ
ˣ
һ㶣Ȼ͸ǽ϶ȥͿع˿һ˹ȥǸӦԴ
-

537 ù

˽֮⣬˶ˡ
Ҫ˵ǣ½ޱӦҲˣ񺫼ĴٰᣬӦҲô׵ϵġ
Ϊź񣬼Сʱü٣㻹ܵһʲƵСѣжʳﻹлߣҪȡᡣ
½ޱܳΪӦҲáΪһڹѧĴҪҲһЩҽ̣Ͷҵ
ѡеͬһ㣬ԷҲǳϧһλᣬϾúõĻԺҲܲμּᣬӵи׬ǮĻᡣ
ȻλͬͻȻ˴裬ȫ۵ó鴤òεĻᡣ
øͬУȴǲġ
ǣȥ뵽½ޱͬСá
½ޱҪܾģȻһСʱü٣ʳ׻ǴӦˡ
λͬ㻹˵˺ܶǮ˵ļɻ䣬һҪ죬ͰԼһƶĹˣֻҪЩǮṩˮͺˣǧ쿪ΪһӦܰЩүС㡣
½ޱȻʲôǷ֮룬һֱڿҿҵΪЩǮṩˮ
û뵽ǣô֣ȻǱλС˳
ǿģȻֵط˼ҽҲҲȥ
ĶԷ᲻ҽΪأԷһˣ׾˦һ⣬֮һ
贵֪ԭ˵½ޱҲǵùС˼ҵĳ޽һعĳͬ޽ġ
ڵعѾعˣǸһκŮˡ
κϱ˵ҲǷƿɳ£㲻ʲôˣҾͨΪĸĶŮȴҲʳǣһòĴѧ
ҲʲôرϽĵŮˣҵһ͸ѧѽˣǵΪ˼ͥҲӴӣ֮Χ˺Ӻͼͥת
ƽŮˣɷТ˳ҲȻκȴôá
ʮʱɷˡ
ԣһѣǶѾϰԼɷ򣬼ɷЩһΪǸߵĴ
ϱӵ½ޱԣܺߡ֪ѽѻʿ֪Է飬ǶԷѾˡ
֮俪ʼнҲ˽ദǹ˾һλϴý½ޱòƯԸѧҲܵ˾ޣΨһĶ̰Ǽͥɽĸ˵ˣܲ۾ѾܺˡȻһŮʤھȶгзΪҲһ˲ţȻ½ޱ˵㣬֡ϴ㿴ȴǷǳʺϡ
һᷳеĻڹ˾ǱĬķʽôΪѾˡ
½ޱһʼҲԥҪҪһͱӽǽǱֵʵǺãǸŮҲϸ¾һԡ
½ޱһͷˮرˡڹ˾Ҷ֪ʲôκֵʱ򣬴ҲվǱߡ
ȻӦ½ޱǴ˳ԼҸ
Ȼȵκ󡭡
ȽϺãعϡ
ϵѹ½ޱٲ
ǣ½ޱҵһӿʼˡعĪͶ·ֹһҪᣬȻȴع䱾ʹѹ
½ޱѹѡɱ
ǽףعĲģҴСݵ׷Ȼ˽ӣƾ׻˸һκҲΪĻ
кΪɽⱲӿʵˣһֱκֵ÷ǳû顣
ǽ贾²ؼ½ޱҲǿҵͬ顣
̾˿װһԾشӻǽ˳عʲô
ԭعʶģŮŮһұƷ裬үȻŮҳСʱͽ˹
Ҳˣԭһ𳤴󣬸عҲİ
عͽһҲ̫ãûಡֻСϣ˼УΪµĹϵչա
үӺͺ˺ܶ취ˣô˵ѺҵԼңȴӵġ
عѧУļл£ʱܾ֮꣬һ𣬾Ǿôûˡ
ͻȻعһʶͣͷһ˿ɪ贽㡣
Ҳǵõԭģǽԭļж£෴Էʵһֱչ
ֻЩǧС㣬ȴǱܵؾη
-

538 Ƿ

㣬ôعʵ
贳Ĭһ룬Ȼ֮ǰѾʮˡ
ǣ
عһ㶣漴Ҳ˳ڽİٵˣɫһף촽һµҡ
֮ǰɱ˫ۣعȻԼΪжôס
½ޱˣǰЩǧС㡭
΢΢üعһӦ
ҡ½ޱҡͷ˻ȥԴ̫ˣԡ
ҡҡͷһὫ¸ߺүү˶٣ЩʧΪȻ򣬵Щǲһġ
ӬBǱżұƷɱģܶΪΪĥ˲Żʵϲ
ʵϣڵĶϱҲ˵ֺٰãҲǼΪġ
عиǶ֮һľѺ÷
ҲȷʵİĽӬBǰ󶼶ǳá
Ȼ˻һɷһöӣһøףȴԲһˡ
ˣһͷβĶ
˾츳ƽƽȴóһ¡Ӷᡣ
ծ˳һʼծ˾𣬵ҵҵΧѾǳˡ
Դ˲ҵҵչˡ
ֶºһЩˣΪĿĲֶΣ˲֪
׻˵úãƶͷб˶£ܵͷȴǱˣǺӬB
֪ع֮⣬ӬBһӵġ
ȻǸӲֻʱͱ˰˺Ʊˡһ˾жչǷ´ծ񣬱ҪŮɱԼȴˡ
һ֮ԭĸѡ˱
˺Ʊûӣźӵʬ߽˾֣Ȼعɷһħ
ع˹ȥѹ֮Ϳʼò̫һֱԸܶѾû˵ʵ
ȻһºͻȻ˹һɱˡ
ӬBʹŮ֮󣬾£˼⣬ԴȦûѶ
عǸʱѾˣôĺӣöҲˡΪˣ˼Ż֢֮ļ
ԣعɫˢذˣҪҪҴˣ㲻Ҫ⹫
ԭȫļ䣬Ȼүһˡ
΢ĩ˶ͨ˲п뷨ܼʱЩͨˡ
бн׼ϵ뷨үΪֱľȨ׼Ĳˡ
Ǳү֪һӦһʧ
ҡͷҪ֪ӦλӦǸȻȥүү̹ס
عɫһһף½ޱ˵Ǹ
ƾʲô
Ȼûпڣڳ˶۵׵ĲԸ
ҡҡͷתߵ½ޱǰ֣֮ʵǱǸ
˶٣عһ۵Ҳ֪ع֮ʲôìܣǰعԡ´飬ֱӱģ˵ɣүүԲ
õĺү˭ûеֱǾԲС˵ġ
½ޱʹĶǣһʱЩ£Ҳ֪Է˵⻰ڿЦġ
贲֣Ȼüͷ
öѪ
֮ǰ½ޱû֣һÿѪȿֺӿ˳
Ҫ̡Τü
عȻС߽ȴǽʵģ˺͡
̧ͷ˿ҵһͥϵĺ尴ȥ
ҲıˣڽӶ˵ġ
ܿ죬һλܼҾʹӶ˸Ϲˡ
С㣬С㡭ǣܼһڣͿѪ½ޱһʱˡ
ָ½ޱȥ˿ڣüͥҽܲûǲҪ̡
ܼٶʣʱҲҶʣӦһʹ½ޱˡ
Ҫ뿪תͷȴعϿЦݣ̲סŭˡ
ع
عһ̧ͷŭ˫ϵЦⲻɿסˡ
ʲôʲôԩ㿴˼Сôģ㵹Ǹ˵ΪϸǷǣ
ع򴽵ҵѡ֪֡ԡױ𴩣ǲΪ½ޱġ
Ǹ˸Ӧá
üôǵѣ
-

539 Ծ

ع򴽣㲻֪ûС
ܻ˼ҵˣ贲Ϊ㵱ʲô𣿡
عЩ£û뵽һǧС̸ɡ
ЩǧСŸӷɵȨ׼
룬贻ڵʲôֵ߼Ӧѣܴʲô
˺𣿡
һǿż翴ʧܹߵѸֵ˵̸ֲǽ飬˼Ѱ֤Ǹ˵ĲɿҲԺ˻Ҫ顣㲻мˣõʵеصʲôʲôԹ𣿡
ҺͽѾˣƻǵĻ
ع˻𣬵ȴֻһŤŭı顣
˿뷨ȴһ۱㿴ˡ
ҡҡͷָֻ޷ƻģһȽᣬһȽᡣ
ݣҸһˣڶ㲢ѡ
ȻȷҪȽİ𣿡
عʶҡͷ
ζǾͲҪȥЩС˾Ǵ񵽵ֽһӦ𣿡
ĻѾ˵ֵز˵еӵ˶ܹ˼ȻعȻڵͷı֪ʵʲôûס
̾˿Ů˰ڰǰܴޡ
ΣⱲҲ޹½ޱɱȴԵ±Թġ
贻صʱ򣬺վſΣ۾΢΢һ漴ʵȥˣ
ȥ԰͸͸˶٣ͷع¿˵һ顣
΢΢üûм䣬عȻҲ̸ʲô顣οһ£ԷЫγڱֵҪ׽һõĶǶԷĺ¡
ˣҲζԷԶˡ
ֻǵûǸɪŮӾȻҲ̬
˵ͷһүү˵ġ
ûⱾҲĴ㡣ȻںүУԼ൱δϱȻδϱҲײŮºȥ˵ȥ˵Чá
ѾβȻĶദһֻ۰ͰͿŶԷ뿪
ȥ·ϣûԼҵĳ굽˽贵ĳϡ
Ҫ˵贲²
ٸɲ˳·
ٵ˵ͷҼǵСڸ÷̨߻һгԾսĿ𣿡
ʵڲϢ绹ûսĿϢ
һ㶣漴ͷǵģòǡ
ԾսĿЩжҪݾǸָĶԾС֮ԴףְķìܣίгԾΪٰһԹƽĶԾ
ԭսĿܶ˶ãΪĿں̫ɢˣҲΰ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ǣԾȴһƥһ˹ӵһı
ӴԺֻҪ˷ѡϳԾ
ȦУܶС֮ڹݼֵڳֻҪκβڷ˿£˲ԸǷԸϳԾһۡ
һԾ͸ǾӸ߲ˡ
Ծ֮Իôʣ˱ȤζԣҪĻ乫Եõͬ
贼ǵãԭԾһһڵļαλŮˡ
λŮ˷ֱǸ̳ںѩ֮Ψһϵѩɷںǰ
ԭźںǸ̳ĽͯŮһһڷ˿мֱ衣֮ҲȷʵһֱȽᣬںΪ˳ȦרӡȻû뵽ǣȴǳ찮Ůѩ
ԭںķ˿ȻԼ󣬵ϢըʱҲû취ߵѩԴŽ֮ʱʱԼĸ趨ҲͰˣʱʱϲںһţ΢ָںûѺӽ̺ðָںúɷĸ鰡
֮ΪΪںķ˿ըѩķ˿ͬҲԼż
һһ˫˿ǽһԹ죬ֹһʵ˷ִصһΣԼҵķ˿̳˺ƣֱֵ˾֡
Ծζʮ㣬һڵĶԾȴƽͣٱϿˡ
εĶԾʽҲܼ򵥣ӰʦֱһͻԸںѩڹеĸģΪʾ֤˵ϲŵļ棬ٷϹδ汾
-

540 

ԭںѩЩ֮ĹϵҲεĶԾЩζ֤һʣҪĿ컹ǲ̫׵ġ
ȻĿȴɱﵡӰ顣
ӰӰʦǼ߳ˮƽ㲻϶߳Ҳƽˮ׼ϣȻĻĹ۲ٸ׵ִš
AӰʦͨںӵһжжںľȻ˿뷢ŲûаÿǰһԶŮ֧ǧĸѡ
BӰʦΪѩӵһ绰˻ɣӶǰŮ˷ǳصಡÿµƷѶҪϰ򡣶ԷǶŵִŮԣԸɷҪǮŮԼŮЩǿɷνȡɷںĸѡ֮΢кɳӰںǷ޵ĸ飬ʵҲ֪ںǿ˵֮϶͸ѵɷš
һع⣬ѩ׳ˣŵĻҲ⣬ԾĿȴǻˡ
Ȼͽ֪ںѩӦμĿǰҪͨĿһ£ߡ÷Сһǧݷҹġ
Ⱳӡ
贵ĿڰϣλĻȿɱλŮֻ߲ͣǸмＸ
ΨһĽָϱӰеƷ˳˰äݣԵľûˣֻʶ֣ȴǸдġ
õľУȻΪ⧲ϮԼƷҲʧȥȨȻҲֻʱģ֮ĵ׶¶֮󣬰ʲôҲ˾Ϊˡ
һΣ³ϱӻ硣ϱ׻ɵģⱲӣȴˡ
Ȼٵ˵ͷ˾ȻӮˣ²ҿżˡҪμӳԾۼ֤˭ǳϮߡ
ͬ˼·ǡֵﲻ㣿СҲײ÷Ů
ԣٱЩֵⲻǿ÷ϵĹɷ
Ҵۣô£ü
ԥ£׻˵ʵ±ȥС̸ģǶԷ̬Щģ
Ȧӣ˵ģǾ൱ھܾˡ
üô£
ܲǴɣӽˮˣ
ôţȴǶ԰ٱ֤ģ϶ʲôᣬ÷Ҷ԰׼Ҿûκβ뷨
˶٣һС̸һ̸Ȼһ
׼Һ÷ҵĺѾãΪʲôȴԸ⿴ġ
״һ
ʵϣȴԩˣǿǸˣû
֮ԲԸӦðٲμӳԾ԰׼һ԰ȫ볬ԾΪⷬʲٱ졣
һλԽߣһλߡֻľԽ贺ͺΪǵС˵
ҲǾϣڷԼܱǵĴȺԼԾ˽⣬÷Сƽ
ʵҲȷʵɹˣΨһû뵽ǲôŬûа취һŮ
ȥҽԺԼ岢û⣬ɷҲǽòٽ
ִ֮ҪӴҲΪ˽Ȼı˺ͽйصľ顣
ʵϣͼıͽйصľ飬ýЭ÷Ϫò顣
ĽָʳܹóԵӶĺøУʵϣָֻֽԼġ
ӺøжȵĶʵˣǽʳ˵Էǰˡ
ˣ÷ϪúͽЭ֮ĺøж÷ǳߣȻ֮ܵôг˵ڶ죬ͻָ֮ǰˮݡ
󣬵һ꺢ӣ÷Ϫþ͸ɴͽЭˡ
ľһģһ
㣬֤ʵйŮǵľǲܸıġ²⣬Լ֮һֱ޷УҲžȷдɷֻ÷һŮ
֮ǰĪֲ˵ʱѾкһӵнָܹıĴˡ
ʵϣҲ˺ͺϵ쳣ֻǾһ֤˹ΣգʺϺɴˡ
һֱڵȴʵˡ
֪Ȼ˵潫Դƣʹý贲ֲ˵ʱ׻ˡ
ֻԷΪ֪ǸˣҪģǡǡһĺߡ
-

541 

᰿飬֪ԾսĿɷҵжôҪ
ûսĿĳɹɷҵܵӰ졣
Ծܹ죬ٶżȻԡǵһڽĿںѩ֮ôһϣԾܲܺ컹δ֪
ΪԼѻ˵úί񣬲ûе׼ңȻ
㵽ôģȻܾ׼ǵСҪ󣿡÷СһؿԼӡ
ʵϣӣĿǰûǵġ
֮ǰŮ̸һȻûȫţǿʼˡ
ܶǾõģӵ֪һֱõļȥ棬Ȼ񲻴ͷǿȴЩ䶼̫ɺˡ
һλܽͣˡ
ˣҲûȫӣӵǲӽһȴȷġԷԼĸ鲢Ǽٵġ
÷С˵ĸоûдڶݾᰰı˺ܶˣ÷Сȴʵĺá÷Сз磬ҲͿ࣬ÿ쾡ľչˡ
ɷָɫЩ׵ؽ͵֮ǰѾںѩϽĿ𣿻˵ϵĻ⣬һܹýĿߺõһµļƻԲš
û˵꣬÷С˵ıȴǱüΪŹ֡
ʲô𣿡ᰲʵ
Ȼԡ÷С˵Ȳ˵¸Ȳϰ׼ҵĽ飬Ļ˼Ҳû˵һҪμӵһڽĿ볭Ϯͥ£˵ǵһڽĿһڽĿҲϵϰ
ԣᰶʱʵ̫ˣô򵥵飬ûס
ҡˣΪʲôʱ׷˵ıôѿ
˼Լôء
ô죿һĵȥ׷˵ǸҲҹˣȻû뵽һ磬ԲϹҴˡ
㣬÷С̾˿Ժ㲻Ҫǵô绰һ¡
ҧҧͷ֪ˡ
÷СֽܺͰ׷˳Զٷ㵽ʱúø˵Ǹ
ᰵͷӦˡ
ʵҲգԼ÷ô򵥵Ĵġ
͵ң贾͸С˴˸绰˵һ˵꣬ҲѾˡ
߽ţЭȻڿһЦ⣬ʱôˣ
һ漴ԼϵǳԴˣʱЦȻˣԭ𣿡
һΪѾǳСˡЭ
ŮֲûûΡߣĸ첲֣үү˵һ£Ҹ¡
һ⻰Эð̣˵ʲô
鰡һҲ
֪вٴԽߺߴģֻǺֲԲûж֡
˹ɵȰ˸󶨡
ŮģЭ˵ҲҪӵİ
۾һת˼Ҫ᣿
ԣЭŲӵ
ЦǳɣҸ˵ɲܷڡ
Эһ£Լǡϵˣ
æĿڵҲһʹӦģԲҹŮҿϸһ꣬úСӺúչһ³⡣
贶ʱüͷɵ㲻Ҫ֪Ѷ˰ɣ
ôܣЭһҲǿòãŮ쾭顣ǶԷͨ飬ǾͲˡ
贰һۣҲܣҪĥĻҾ͵͵֤ˡ
ңЭŭ
԰ʹӦǶ¡ЦȸǶ飬ұ֤Ž顣
ģЭĵ
贵ͷ档
ǡЭ̽Ҫܽ顣
ԥûԥ͵ͷˣ֮ȰָռˣҪȻĻ
ôȽ鷳ֵ
ЭԲĵɲܸŪδе¡
ǿ϶ᡣ贱ֲ֤ɵ
ϵͷ֣Ҫٲҿɾˣ
ðɺðɡЭһεŮ
Ȼ͸˵𺫼ҵ£϶Ҳ֪ҲǺ£ԺҪҲԲ˳ˡֻҪԼվȣҵļҵ˭ߡ
û˵ǣ֮ԲŮ޳ȥһ᲻ãȴҪȹһ
СǰȻźã̸ֽǰҲûˣܵÿ˾ı֡
ȻŮɲܼ޸һݰ
ŮȻ̳нţǲɷܹܣϾǼŮȢϱ
-

542 ֱ

ͨһЭ̣˰ٺΪԾڶڵļα
ԸԸμӣǾͲܹˡ
ĲǲȡԤƣǰһܸα뺯мαܾһܵĳԾֻֿգ·뺯
ңĲŷʽ֣һϵĹֱһ֮ŵ̨ŵļ档
һЩǳ⣬һûмαܾϽĿġ
ȻǾûоܾʱġ
һܾˣ԰ٶҲǻ¡֮Ӯ˳ϮĹ˾ҲûȨѹˡ
ϾѾ֤ʵԼʵĻᣬǶԷԼġ
һڳԾϣȵųȻڵ顣
ȿԤڶڵĽĿαǰٺ֮һʱĺ䶯֪
һΣȼܶ˾Ѿ˵Ժֻǰȴֱ
Ӱ飬A鸺٣B鸺
յԾ֮Ȼ⣬ȴ˵Ӧˡ֮ԵŶԾ룬鼸ƵǾ֡
С㣬Ҫܾ𣿡þòڣӰʦʵ
˳ǣҡҧҧҽ롣
һͷϾѾһƬǹӰˣǶǻ۽𾦣Ƿ̬ȵ쳣
ô£ôôǿ
԰ŵӡ
֪ǲ̫ˣܾʺ·ˡ
ûеҲİɣԷǰ׼ҴС㣬ҵƨȻẦ¡
ұ

νĿǡ˭ĳϮҲ˵ڽĿʤʵʧߣóϮͷΡ
ΪĿʣһΣǿԼݣԴչʾԼʵ֤ʵԷǳϮߡʱӰʦֱŰٺ
ٳƬ̺󿪿ڵǾһүүɡ
Ӱ¶ȣ΢΢ЦǷүү¼Ҷ֪ˣҲ϶ҳϮôǿүү״̬Ļмֿɿԡ
ԣӰʦͿֱ˶ǿҵĺġ
Ȼ󣬰پʹӰʦڰүү鷿
Žȥ֮ǰͷӰʦǵ鷳ǶСһ㣬үү״̫ʺϱš
ڰүүĺһӰʦ޲ֳأڰٵҪԥ͵ͷӦˡ
ϵǣǿûžƿˡ
Ȼһ̣һдŷŭʹ˳
֮ˣջ˵㣬¿ûл˵˰ɣ
һ£ͼٴӵֻҹ֮ƿѵҪԸľһȺҰ̰ûκ֮ĵĶͽԣЩʴȵͷɣΪػסңҵȡϧһֶΣ
ŭ;ĵĻйʹӰʦ͹ڿѾȻ
ǡ֮šǰϵĳո˵еľ̨ʡյ
һȺӰʦүүһʱŮЦԷһתȴʵѩ𣿡
ٶһ԰ĶǰվүүߣЦŵûأ㿴á
үү϶ʱҲЦ⣬ǺãҲϲѩ
˵ţͷȥϵ飬ҳͻȻֿڵ׼Ķ׼𣿡
׼ˡٺԥ̹ۣĶϲĿʽ
ǺãͰ̹ۣòС
˵꣬үүֵͷȥˡ
һᣬֿڣٰ㻹Сүү֪ҪԼ飬ǲܳϮ¡˼Ǿˡ
ͬ˵ĻȻȴһүүİɣҲġ
ԶԶԲü꣬ȹ꣬˻ҲܳԼˡүүıʲ֮ǰдǱ·͡СҶšˮƽҲ٣㻹СأԺһ
ϵһ಻סˡ
ҵĴ𣿰Ϻ񡭡Щ־ˣ
Ǵӵմ
ԶԶԣҾ;죬ǰҲմˣ䲻ʶҸãΪҰû飬˵ҪҰȢϱ
ûǴĻȥӾǽ
ǵǵģӾһѩȥģԺ󣬰ϵƷоûжѩˡ
ڰУٲֻꣿ
԰·͡СҶšɶǰٵƷȻϲǵˣ֮Ʒ
-

543 ̬

ֱڼүүմҲԽֵ쾡¡
·ܶʱ򶼳ڻУٵˣİˣʱֲˡ
ȥСʱүүҪ˯ٰ˯º󣬲ŸӰʦ˵˰үү
ԼǰүүѾմ֢ļˣǰʼΪ񻯣Ͳٲμˡ֮ûҲǲռԴүүܵšٲ
֮󣬰ٴӰι˵鷿ռԼһƽףֱ컨鷿Ӱڵ˶׷¶̾
ž޴˸ߵĸֽ
Ӱʦͷ׼Щֽ·һЩһЩٺ͹˼ϵҲкȡˣȻңȴܿ˲СĹ
ЩǸֽӰʦЩ̾ؿϷʵ
ǵġٻشʵֹЩǰĶˡʵϣЩӦϵġǴĸ游нֽϰߡ
·ʲôõĻ䣬¶΢Ц׵ʱǽĸ游ĸֽһ顣Щд˼·͹춨ҵѧЩֽҷ·ĸ游һһƷдġḶ́˭ûа취
ΪԼãԣϣҵĺҲܹͨҵĸֽȥ˽ҵĴ̡
ӳϮ𣿡ӰʦͻȻʵ
ǵġ֣صҲ֪ΪʲôڼǰдǲƷⱾȴһŻѪĳɹ
ϰߵͽѾһߵǱȴ˷ǳεľء
˵ʾǰɵĵģṩʲôĵزˡ
Ӱʦѯ٣˵ǵԹĵʧˡ
ٶġ
û鷿סҲ飬Ψһܹҵļ
Ӱʦеľͷɨ˴ͷϵļƴĸ鼮Щ΢
СĿɨĵԣǫ́ʼǱ£ȻʼǱûӼ̣Դȴո¸ɾȻҲùĺۼǡ
ǽĿҲһЩİ߻ùļǿģܹ鲻ôɾλĥǱز١ֹϣżĤ֣ǵļ̼õôϧҳǱزٵġ
Աļ̫ɾˡ
ֹӰʦһĴ·ǡ㲻һ֪Ҳһͷһӵģ·뵽һһ䣬û˼·
ôôԾ
ڶε㷽ʽˣһΣӰݽɶԷαָɡ
ʱٺԥ͵ϣܹɷϼһǰʦͬѧĻҺţһСѧûҵдһƷġ
ȻСѧ˳УȻʵϣʵûõҵ֤顣
ֵȴǸ벻Ҫָİʲô
룬ͬΪȦеǧС㣬â䣬Сһֻᣬ϶侮ʯ㿪ڵϣܹɷðЩȦкѣƽʱһƽ׽˵ģֻȦкѲ֪Ŀ
ϱӣܹ˰ٵӡ
ʵϣȷʵֵºΪ߰ῴˣȴῴЩԸŬȴ̰ĲˡǡãϱӻⱲӣˡ
ǣ贵Ҳõ˽ĿĲɷá
ҪɷЩǧС㣬ĿȻһ㹦ҲΪ÷ɽ贵Ըְ֧٣ⳡóеĲɷõ׻ǳɹˡ
ȱɷõˣӰʦѯа˵ʱԥ㡢ܹͨӱš
Ӱʦһ㶣漴ʵûκȱ𣿡
ȱȻеġ贵̫ˣ̫ˣǲί˼
γϮΪϮ𣿡Ӱʦʡ
ܡ贵˵һǳˣˣмȥϮ˵Ʒ
˶٣ߣΪӵ㹻ĲܣòȥϮˡ
֮Ӱʦֲɷ÷ˣһЩϵƽƽԺ͵ˣ˶۲һȻһģûΪϮ
ͳһĹ۵㣬˵Ӱʦ͹ڣ͵͵ˡ
ȴ֪ǰ׼ᵹˣ֤֤ʵٳϮˣ򲻻˵˵ٳϮ̬ģɡ
-

544 һ浹

ϰߵĺ޲ǱߵĲɷþ˴۾ˡ
˵ɷõũһڷζصͨѾͷ𣿻ǡѵ淸ˣ
˵ıһ䡣
ӰʦҲķӦŪһ㶣ЩôΪ淸ˣ
ǰܵ𣿡ҲѾͷҲͨҲʲôбµˣΪɷǣǿ϶Ƿ˰
˶٣ԥʵ浱˷˰ɣ
ǲǡӰʦæҡͷ
е𾪣Ŵ㣬ܸϸ˵һܵ𣿡
˵°룬Ҳǲ˵ģ㽫˵һܽѾͷأҶ˵ˣ˰˵ԺҪͨ
Ѿͷܵˣһ˶㱻ĺŵˣҼҶѺӲصʵʵģ±ˡ
ϾԼ׵ܵܶ˭Ҳ˵᲻ᶢϱҵĺӡ
˵Ӱжľֲ֮ɷȻȴ֤ʵλȷʵǺ˵Ȼûʵ֤ݣϵĻȷʵǽܵˡ
ʱѾһƬȻˡ
ģĶȻܸܵˣܹ𣿡
˵ʵе㱻ŵˣоڿӾ硣
ˣ°泭ϮҲվڰһߡ
˰ɣҿɲдʲôƷ

ԭΪ֮ǰѾǳսˣȻӰ鵽ϹСѧͳ֮󣬲֪Ǹʲô
ɷõʦǲѧü˰Ҳû
ȵλʦȷʵ̹Ӱ鶼ҪΪԼҴˡ
ӰʦѵΪͥԭǱѧУѧѧġ
ôһ˵ʦЩӡˣŶ˵û
˵ʲôӰʦʶ㣬Ҳû뵽һ𰸡
ʦͷûУǵǺڼҶѧġʵϣСѧҵ֤ûϡ
˶٣ǺӹҲҵĿûϹ
ӰʦԥµûǴĻǽѧģѧΡ
ʦͷ
֮ӰȥɷѧУĽ̵ΣȻȻѧУǷģ̵ζ
ȥɷλοʦȻһģǶûʲôӡ
Ȼ꣬ȫӿӹġ
֮£ֻȥɷСѧʦ
˵겻СŮʦ۾Ҽǵһѧϰ̫õĺӰɡ
ѧϰ̫ãӰʦʵĳɼҲ𣿡
ԣŮʦЩεãҵ̵꼶ǵֻ׾
һʱ䣬Ӱ˶Щ
ֲ֮ɷ˺ܶʦǳһ꼶ʱʦʦ˵һֱֻ׾ġ
žͷһλӰʦ̲סѧ̶ֳȣѾӲ˰ɣ
ûпڣȻĻͬġ
룬Ӱ鳤ڵȥɷһķȡ
ȻԽԽ಻Ŀع˽ĿС
˵ǸȵϰԱʾȻЩǼߵӰʦֱ©ٳ
һӰʦһ͵͵ȥΨһһҽԺ˵顣
СطҽԺָǶְҵ£ȻûзʲôӰʦʹһλƵĻʿ֪εҽԺж̥
·Ե˵ѾܻˣһƬƬ
ģҸû뵽Ȼˡ
ˣôдƷѵڶ𣿡
һС̫ðɣ֮ǰȻΪһŮ
оʶˡ
ôʵ֤ݵģ
Ǻڿͼɣ˵׼ʲôûعĺڿͼ
пܣǲðĳϮġ

һƬۣһ浹վ˰ߣǽĿȴûЩ
һŪһֳƴ
ƴʲôӰʦ֮һʵ
ҲŪ̫ӣŪƴϷ֮ľС
˻ȻˣϾˮƽּϷҲ治ת
ٵȻûȴҪˡ
УҲͬ⣬ΪʲôҪЩЩѵдƷҿԽҵƷǿԿЩ
-

545 Ӧ

̬ⷬǸ˶ܿˡ
ӰʦСҪǾܾĻҲԣǻжӮóϮͷΡ
ԣһһףȴǰûлش
С㣬Ҫܾ𣿡Ӱʦߵ
ҧҧҡͷҽܡﰲοԼ⼸һֱŬѧϰѾ˺ܴĽֻһЩ򵥵ϷһѲġ
ֻ̫ˣЩ򵥵ϷȷʵѲȻ;ЩĿİ˼Ҳˡ
ʲô嶼¶ԱȣΪԼɵúܺãǶԱһıֱּ
ֻǻȽϲҳⷽٱǿܶ࣬ⲻ˵ǳϮġд£Զɡ
ѵ˵һȽˮƽĻٵķǼȿֺݡ
סٿڵҵС׵˵˵Ȿĺʲô
Ӱʦ鷳׼ֽǸдԼĴ𰸡
ԣ˲ʱˡ
Ȼ԰ٵƷǹ֪ʲôƷģ֡
󣬰дĴǣǻͼ֮ͥѻŮԣǸúȥδӡ
дĴǣŮɷİ
עֲ̫ۣд֡
Ĵ𰸣ͨ˻ãЩٵԻǿѲ㷭ۡ
Բۣǿ鰮С˵ģ
ǣȻûٵ飬Ҳ֪ƷĲôǳ
ȷˣ˾ǸϮԵģ

ųԾڶڵĻ׳ˡ
˽µǷڵĵʵ̫ʵˡҲұ֤˾һܴӮС׵ⱾİȨ
˶ܿǳϮߣûʵ֤ݣҪӮ˾ȴһ׵顣
ȴһڵʵ˾˶˵׼Ǻ¡
ʲô˼Щ¡
ȻϮñһͷϣ㽫ƱӰ죬ǡ۵˶֪ǱԩģʵȡƷǡ
ҪǣͣΪˡ׵İȨ
š׵İȨҲûһҸ档
һڰ׼ңҶҪģ˽²ҪˣϻҪӵġ
ԺǷðٱΪϮߣͲ⡣
֮ǰûзȡٵƷͲôˡ
Ͼ׼һһڿ͵ġ
ٻȻ˼ˡ
Ȼؼǣⳡ˾ʹӮġ
ЭãȻ⣬Ǻ̸µʱǵͷӦˡ
û뵽ǣӻûжүȴǽӵһϵĵ绰
˵κޱü
ͷκϵ˵Ůһ飬ϣܽؽ֮á
Ц֪
Ҫ˵ôĴԽߣ䡢عЩ˹ȻᣬҪ˵ĵ˾κޱ
κޱȻѾκޱˣоȴЩ⡣
Ϊκҵĳˡ
˵κң˶Ҫһ
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Ȼ֪κޱоһθ֮ˣ˲ǱǵΪıݡ
ǰȴõƱκޱ۾ܹϵˡ
󣬷ԼһİĽѾһӷ˶ԶԷִİõŶԷŮе۳衣
ԭУʱѾֲˣκޱȻᶢеҵĳΡ
ؼҵĳͬѾˡ
ֻǲͬκ϶ԼأȴǱκޱò򶯣Ӻ֮ҡڲ
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ȻκޱҲûеóѣûκϵ֧֣κޱƤҲΪ顣
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546 

ǶκϣǶΣϲˣɺ޵ҲܹƵһ
ȻʵŮνϲ˵ĲòȨơ
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Ҳһ£վ飬Խߺٶ࣬һһĨɱҲһ¡
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Ȳ˵ǷᣬԼ£ҪܵǣԼҲҪһӵӷߺ֮жȹ
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Ȼǿ֮ȴԵһɻûеߣε죬β֪νعβ֪ôκޱβ֪ܡЩܹӰ쵽һ
һЩ֮Ӱ޷ķչȷʵܵӰ졣
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ġ
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ȻȴΪԼˡ
ӦȷʵǱٻԭҲȷʵΪЩԽߺߣ϶ҪĶ
ндԽߺϸϸɸһ飬Ҳҳǽ䡣
ǡʱ򣬽ЭϢ˵ʧˡ
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Эͷҿ˼أԡңСʱıķŶԴţѾˡ
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ϣ贳ٳû˯ţڣ̾һ
һ̣ɫľͬĴ󺣣ȴƲɵ֮ӿС
˶Դһ֪֪ԼʶȻԡ
һ֮󣬽贵ľʹеͬԡȻ˵ʵһֱԸʹ⻹ǵһζá
˵־˵ƺˬʵȴǡǡ෴
ǻẦĶ
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ͬĻкܶˣᰡκޱдԽߺ߶ͷʹѡͬǣûнָзɳĹâ΢ӵнָзɳĹâҴвͬɫ
ԶڽҵĽһһ̣εضһɫĹɶգ۱㽫Щâץס
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ֶָԼӵе˭ܹأ
ȻȻǲЩԽߺָ߽ġ
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ԣһ̣һ޵Ӱͳǰ
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ЦЦ˵˵ɣôҡ
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ЦҵɵӺŪ˵֮ụԣ籾ܣûԵġ֣磬һǴֵĶ
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Լѡɡ
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547 

㡭ŭ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ
ѡˣеʵ
ʱȻѡˣĻֵܷë߰
贷֡
Ըפҵ磬ҿԺһ롣۾һתڵ
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ʵҷһɡ
ɡ贵
ɡ
ҧɡ
ٻۣ˸۵ĥҿҪˡûҵĻһɶԼ³ɣ
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ǻּۻۣȻһ贵ı֪Է治ͷˡ
գɾɰɡ
Ц⣬ʵ˵ôã㻹ûأЩʲô
̧ͷһۣЩ
һûоĻ΢ɣ̶ֳȵô죿
Ȼ㿴Щ˸۵绹ʱʱЩܷƸ㽫ˣһŭ֮½˸ӡˣ緢չ㿴Ƽʱ
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Щε̫ҵķӡͿʼַ϶ԼûӦͱˡ
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ԡ
ȻЩˣôûֱӽЩ͸Щˣ贺
û͡ҵͣǳҵ类̲Щͱ͵ġ
ոոּۻۣ贲˵
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ˣҵ룬ǡҲҶǸӡһӱ˻ըˡ
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͵͵Ƴ˽һۡ
λŨ磬һ
ûмˣҲûģֱӾʹˡ
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ЩԵõҵ˲ٶܵ𻵣Ƶ覣Ԫһǳɲ֡
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ţѾһϷӡķ϶ʼ
Ȼ͡һʱ䣬·ˮ뺣˳òС
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ˣһֿʼĿռ͡
һʱ䣬ռе￪ʼܵлܶʼÿһһµĽʵʵĽ±󷢺ڣˮĳˢ峺飬ҲӭһֵϴѷʥµΡ
ռҲ޷ɸˣԿʼù͵С
ͼɫϳ󣬹âԽҫۣǽȴǿʼ𽥱ǳȻһ㵭ɫ
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ƳһۣҲû̫̰ģֱùˡ
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֮ǰԷþƳЩԽеĹ֮Ѿǳ˳Ծˣ֡
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548 ƶб

Ĭһ룬Ȼ㣬ǰ
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ƨ˵İš
ԹⲻʣתʵˣЩԽߺôţ
㡣ڲΪǣô졣
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ź߽ţһ߽ɳϣһ߿еѾ㶨ˣǱټӰѾ
ͷİɣѧУǱѾ̸ˣڸǱ̸
һϳ˺ܶ仯ԵľǸǿ࣬˾ܡ֮⣬ֲҲ˺̶ܴȵıͽ
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Ȼҽҩ˾ĲͨҩǶõҩ
պýͷҩ֮ء
ȥ裬ͻȻֱһˣתͷһʱü䣿
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һ߽ƿźãһ߻شСԼģǱߵĵ绰ûͨ
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贲ÿɷ񣬡Ȱְֻپôɡ
ԣȴһҲָģ¾Ѿˡ
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ͺǷʧ̬һʱ䣬Ҳܿˡ贰г֣Ϊ֮ǰһЩΪ˼Ρ
κޱʧȥָ֮ԺΨһһȷǿ˵˸ǲϷˣٴɫֶҪȴֱͱκǰκϼδŭֱ˽۰Ҳ
ѾƻҸ֪κޱʵˣǵҵ֮
Ҫ˵ҵģǻǽ䣬û˽ָ⣬޷֮³˺ܶͷǽ贰㱻ץȥ
Ψһֵҵǣʧȥָ֮ǰѾõϴ赤ϵëκˣôǽġ
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ں
Ŀ䵽ϣЭʱЩûǿҸүүʺá
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Ϊиҵʼиֵ͸ı䡣
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᲻ϷչԽԽ೬ȻĿƼƷҲΪǿ
һ·ƽһҵӣ˽˽µѹЩԽ߲ǳ۶ӣȴǺͨ졣
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ع˵û̫Сǳ֣ӷҪ˼̸ں£үֱӽϳŲп
мŮܿҪԮֶү
ˣһʼźһὫعӻȥһһȥۼ˺ȴûжҡ͸Ů˹ˡ
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ôһ֮£عҲˣԼص˺ңںүӵİ޸һλƷصĺŹӡһʼ̲عţദ飬ҲǼͥ
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عɩҿκޱˡ
죬Ȼţκϵ֪࣬ûж
ھԺعȥҰֵʱ򿴵ġ˽֪ˣȴ֪Щ꾫⣬һֱھԺ
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ƶбⱾ
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549 ѩ

ƴƮůϼ£֦ͷߴߴʳµ͵ذ˹Ҫʳ
Щ紵֦ҡҷϵҶγһۼﾰͼ
ȴʱͻȻ£Ƭ̣ͽƬػ˸ģ
ᣡ۵ɤͻȻ
ͼ޴İŽҶ£һƴСͻȻԴð󺰵΢꣬΢ͣɹĹɶʪˣ
СŻɫľɫòƤѩһףСɣһ̻ɫɴȹƯɰ֮´ʱŴ³ĶȴҲᡣ
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𣿡΢ЩŵѩغϲǴӡ
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ѩҸ˵΢ˣҵĹѾΪù˺öˣǶҾѡĹӣȫˡȻƲԼǸܵɹɵĵطȥǹģ
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Ҫѩ˵ʲôãǾֻʳˡ
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ѩüöǶٸ
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550 ż

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ʮŻŮڲƺϣΧС鼸齫ΧߴߴԼϣܹѡԼ޽Լ
Զ֦ϣλ֦ϣɫǲá
С鲻Ϊ˥ϣǵһ̣ձѾ̶Сķɫɫͻʵھ磬ЩڰϣɫɫˮС飬ʸ񱻳ǳߡ
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ȻһС鶼ˡ
һȺСòڿסΣͷͿʼ
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ȻˣվкܶСԸ޽żԼȺ̫ۣǶԣֻҪܹȥ棬ЩȫԸġ
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551 ĸ

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ѩصЩ⳥ûУҪǲԸ޽ԼҲУǾͰ°ɡ
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ⱲΪһӻ̫ǿܶʱ򶼴˯Уھ⣬Ҳעһȴ
üԱ⣬Ͼֵ磬̫ˡ
Ǿþ֣ȤѩҲ
λ߶һۣȻʵô
ѩ̫ˣǴ·ħãԵˮܲժܹħ죬ǲҪ˯ӣҲҪһƷԾԵ塣
Сϲ֣ǾͿԴ֣ⷽ罨һֳΣ
֪֪ͬ͵ȻȤԱִȴǲԶˡ
԰ûеġ
СĲ˵ϣȴԲС١
Ȼһ浥ȴС޷ͷԺж
ֳȪһɻ
ѩ룬ڵ罨һʺ϶èèĵطԹпԴ͸ľӣ滹һЩ˸ıСòĵߣԽһֲݣҼ˼棬ø˵ĳ͵ߣһ˭ĵӸ󣻱罨һЩرմ̼ĿôսЩһЩС͵ģΰ廬ǧЩеҲԷ档ֻҪǴ뵽ģͶԡ
˵ûΧС۾ԽԽˡ
ܺӡ
԰ʯͷҲӽȥ𣿡
Աϲ
ҪŪһкܶܶ໨ĳǱҪж֡
ϲϷϲӶоȳʿ

ҶԴ˺Ȥѩգգ۾ַųһףҪǣϣܹٳһӾĿռͨ
С֮䱾ǣȻһֱ֮Ĺϵȴ׵ߵСίȫżԼԸܣġ
ĿɨһС飬ɸֵܲܳϢһ㣿
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552 취

Ϣʲôͼһ۵СԴʵ
ѩʶС飬̲˵ϼ˸ոյʱ̵̲ǡ
СҲһ⡣
Сĵȫ࣬ѩأⱲӵʱ򣬾һʷǰĶëѩװһƬװع
ǳѩͨѩŨıѩ⾫磬ٲֳߣС鱻ɪɪٲΪԱò˯
֮⣬ع硣
ȻСĵĶ
ϼ̻ŵһ̣Ƿǳټ͵С飬㲻ǿ󣬵ȴء
˪ͬڱ˪֮УȴǴһƬѩеġ
һԣʱĶԽСǱܺ츳ҲԽǿ
֮⣬СرľǵǡѩصĹ۲죬СӵкӰɾ͸飬Ըֱײίԣǵͷʵͳ죬ǿ󣬶Ȼŵļ⡣
ˣС֮ദȻҲһЩִìܣҪ˵ĶǣûС
͸СӺС֮ദһִֶУת۾Ͷˣǣ³Ϊ˺ѡ
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ͬСӶʲôϢϢ
ȻˣѩҲСһֱԿȥ
˵ʵһֱһʣЩԼСУв֮ع˯ˣҲвԴûѶ
ЩСȥˣ
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Ҳ֪鲻ô
ʱλҲӦˣ°һɵЩôƻҪǽ뾫磬Сһᱻƭġ
ΪߣҲ޽ԼԱЩС飬Ǹжôթƻ
ѩԲ㷭ۣڱƭСѵ඼Ѿƿǰķˡ
ȻȻƿǰķܹ͹һǳޡ
Լɲħ絹ӵǿҰޡͶΨһܹʩչħģȴֻС顣
ԣС޽ԼΨһܹ;
ȻǽСЩǲǰġ
⻹һû˵
оͷ·һ޴ĵ⣬ֻ뾡취С޽żԼԺأ˵ýһҰļҪƿ磬ǽС鵱ƷǽСѵɾͳһ硭
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ȣ˵żƽ뾫磬Ȼܹ뾫ĹҪԶԶƽ
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ԣΪʵĲܹ࣬ƽΰ۹ͳһֱǳȹ̡
Ǵеƽ⣬øƽС޽Լջñȹǿôأ
ã
һȷģǾǾܰ
Ǿ߰ѿصúãƽ֮ôһֱȥȴܵõȡ
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ԣǵ취
ѩش˸ǷҲҪȫ⿪ţǿüĴ֮ţಶ׽磬С޽Լ
˶٣ܹ޶׵ĺӴ͹͸ˡ
Сܹ˻Сʱһ𳤴˫֮Сһܹõİ
λЩ£𿪿ڵӵпռ֮С鲻ֶ࣬ûȥ硣ⷢȻҲмʽ磬ǣռ϶ĿҲС
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ֽ׶ҪǽһֳԴ˼С
ѩصҪָ࣬Ȼ
һϮ˸ǷŪٿ
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λЩЦãСȴ˷ˣȺ˵ԼĴ㡣
СͣҪռ䲢󣬸ο籾ͲСٲС
ҲˣСȻûмҵĸÿ˶ӵԼء
ЭһԼʩչһѩˣ˸
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553 

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ȴϵǿѣĻһֱĥһͨ紫ţ˿ռ϶
ѩ۾ûգһ£ռ϶͵ռ϶¡
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ˣռ϶¶Ƕǳ¡
Сȱ첲ȱȱԴֻҪص˯ϼѹ
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С飿ѩһ⡣
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ʱһֵֻĿԴһɵվڼλǰԱ߿ճһƬҶϣһСǶ
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ĳȻĴС飬õ˵ȺܹٿȻ
ڰĴЩҰޡͶ
ͬС飬˵СʽħʦôЩҰޡͶսʿ
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ţѩؿһԵ̲ʵһֱû𣿡
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Ȼ˾֮ǸС۽ëͲΡΡ
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ɡѩ̾˿ǰ
һӣڵ˶˹
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ң֮Խ뾫֮˯ѣҲΪڰų⣬ΪЩаԹ
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СһմȾֶȻԶٻܵӰ죬ǱɱΣΪܹ˲ٿصż
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Ϊ˲֮ͬСС֮ҪС鿴ǾһԷҲ
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ѾСͷԾˣҲûѩͷ·Ҳһλƻһ㡣
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΢΢ЦС飬һġô࣬ԻС飬ֻܽ⿪еǡ
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Ҳ˵ԼڶԷҲǴ
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ڶɱ±ץסӵ±ָı棬ڱץĹгӡӵԳжӵɱ֣ȴɱ˿Ϊ˱˿ӵˣºӵ±ϡ˿ͻȻʧ٣һ˵Ǳӵ´ߵģȥӵ£ӵ²Ըϣȴ޹з˰˿ĶΪ˾ȳ˿Ҵӵ£ȻҽӵĹ˸飬ȴûҵ˿ӵȴĪˣһӱ֡ǵվ˵ԸңңɱӵµǴӵ¡ˣҵӵ±˳𡣡
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֪ɱӵǵڶ֪Ӳǵڶӣֺƭɱ˴ӡ
Ҳں֪һʵ޺һֱϣ˿ܹԽ統ŮҲǹ⽫˿Ϊֻļͨƿذ˿ƿ۹
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һֱСǶڼ򵥵ĵĻСֱһλž硣
ǳΣŨĹȴ޷ʹóֺƿźڰҰޡͶζʳĴ󻷾£೯ϦࡣЩڰﲻϣԼʳʧˡ
࣬һС鶼ǳͬ飬ҲԸǡǸʱһƿԼ֮СŪС޽ԼսķʽǸʱ򣬴ҵĴǰǿǵںڰĻµ档
ǸʱСĸĺܺáмС飬СҲࡣ
һԵ𲹳ЩС鲻֪ԼʵСøǿġΪԼСܹǿʱСԼҲܵõٺôġǡ
ЩЦҪһ㣬ҪľС֮ҪøͨڵǷǳձȻڡѾܾûˡ
۹ĽվȽŸһµĺأ˫Ĺϵٲԭ޼䡣
ԭʲôС鱾ǳͬŻ࣬ʱѾž뿪ġ
ǷȻ룬ǶС鲻ǴȻĸмǺС뿪ָյİա
û뵽ǣԴ˴㡣εĽѾƻһ࣬Ҳ˴㽫̶磬ҴС鶼޽Լõӵ
ʱ򣬺ܶСѾʼʾչ¶뷨֮һڳСȲϸɣԾ˷ʹλܽ磬Ҳ޷Сͽȥ
ȻֵزҲЭž뿪硣˫λ˱١
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558 

ǡʱһԵ°ײһ䣺֮󣬲ôǿС飬ûںϽˣһһںϵĹС
ûйģоͨСȥ۲죬óһۣλûȻΪ˱޷ȴһֱڽ֮СϵĻЩЩǰȥںϽ˵С鶼ˡ
ѩһǾѹѩصһν֮ķӦˡ
ԣֻҪܹںϣΣӭж⣿ãܽ
ǵģǡ°̾˿̸ס֮ǰѾʮλСںϽ˵Ĺˣ޲ӵǿ츳
˶٣ѾнһûС鳢ԺͽںˡʵϣʱĶʵ̫ˣҲᶯΪ˼
ͷûһİգǲ֪Сȥ䡭Щ꣬λôС飬ʵѾǳֲˡ
ֻλѩصǿܹ˳ںϣڡ
ﶼû
䣬ѩ츳ǿС飬˵ǰǾļ¼ҲǴûйġ
ʧѩأ֪Ժ᲻ôǿС鵮ѩǿС鵮ʱǷ񻹴ˡ
ολѩضˣǹƾûл·ˡ
ѩüҾͲˣϣȥϣҲȥ
ȪڵϣȥǰȫİաΪǾûʱˡ
̾˿ЩƣǴûŪֻ£Ǿ֪ܼȥˡ
ѩ룬ջҡͷںϽ˵һȰɣҶ˵λ˽ⲻࡣҪǣȻѾƿڵȴûڻͨҪȫ׼С
һ˵λ߶Ծ˿
˵ʵҪѩ״ӦˣҲӦ
ɺãȻܾˣȴ˿ʵʵϣ
ֻǡ°ԥµµ£ô죿
˵Ϊߣ²ӦѩصģȻ֮ͨǰѩغͻµĶԻ֪±ǣѩصͷҪһЩ
ѩóռ֮С鶼й
Ϊʲôһ⡣
ѩ̾˿Ҫǰİ취Ȼ󡭡һսɡ
ɫ˼ΪڿЦ
˵һսȪգգ۵
ѩص˵ͷѾԽˣ֪ıƱھԵ£ҲЦĲΪ̫СˣҪһ壬ҲҪЩҰķӺСķϴ
°׺Ȫ̲ס˿ڿˮ۾һ취Сӳ˯лѡ
С࣬ҲࡣʵϣڻСкüȻ˵Сֻôࡣʵϣг˯С
û취С̫ˣٲΪԳ˯С飬С鶼Ϊѡ˳˯
˵СȻ࣬ǧеġ
ûǷϡѩȴҡͷԸ࣬еСѾ㹻ˡ
һҲǣٶ࣬һħȥ̼˵ûˡ̣治Ҫô̡
Ȫ˵ǲûа취硣
Ǿ취ѩظɴ
СУƿ˿ռ֮СҲ࣬գվѩǰֻоŸС顪вոմӿռ϶һֵֻĿѣǱӳ˯нѵĳߡ
λСһ᰹һԽС顣
ҪСͶŽս᰹΢΢ü漴ҡͷǲܣı̫ˣҼҲһСȥǲȷͶŵصġҪ˵˽ûܹ
һԵԽҲͷûŨƴ֮ˣҪ˺ռѷѶȷǳߡ
С鶼ǲ˵Լ綼
°˵ɫԽԽãѩ˼ǴӾ硭˵ռ磬ܹ𣿡
ռ䣿᰹¶⣬òָԪռɣûõģС鿪ٵĴԪռȻǶĿռ䣬ʵϻǸھϵġ
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559 ˼

ǴԪռ䡣ѩ°ͣˣҲ˵ɡ
䣬ֻһתǰؾѾĻˡ
ǡ°׼ǾظſŨʵʵ
ЩȻûԵģȵ
ѩûпڣûԣֻûйͺڰ֮֡
粻ͬĻֶٻЩ졣
ط᰹ⷴӦһɵ츳ռ䣿
ѩص˵ͷ㿴һΪȥ磬᲻һЩ
ᡣ᰹⿪ڣһһֱ˫۵ԽȻ۾Ŀ⿴˿ռʲô
Խ˶磬־ʥ֮ѩصѽȣѾԭʱʧܵļܱһһĴڡԻΪӰںϽ꣬ҲԻʵפڿռСռŨԼУкôѩƽʱפ˿ռС˵磬ΪСˡ
ҵѩ̹Ȼ
ǲ˼顣Խһ̾ռ֮УȻʵϣռȴ֦ͷϵġ
ѩЩȣû뵽ԷȻܹ
ԴϱǸ֮ͽһ˼ĳ̶ȡ
統ЩԽϷɳĹâγɵĹʵѩЩʵʲôáԭЩҲʼֿϡŹֵĹʵ
ңѩػ֣ԼĿռ仯һѩ׵Բιʵҵ֦ͷ
ȷʱ᰹ҲӦˣǴֽ׶ܹϰٸСȥ磬ܹģضλǸһʱ䣬һ򲻸ұ֤һǧӦûġ
ѩȴҡͷãֻҪܹҴ͵Уֻ֮ҪǴռеС飬Ҷܴȥ
᰹۾ʱˡ
ѩؿڵȥһ硣
ʲô°۾һԵȪҲ¶ͬ
ѩؼǿʵ̫ƶ˶ˡˣǿԣǲѩðκա
ȥӴλƿſռ֮ΪʿС顣ѩ˵ԼĴ㡣
УҲʿ̫ΣˣкܶרſСĵߣ㼴ǿһҲҪԿ
ȻǺڰ飬ﻹǵԼС飬ѩΪϣҲϣԷκβġ
Ǿ͸Ҫȥˡѩصʱǰռ䣬ܣΣգҲл͵ء
ôһ˵һСı׷һɡ
̫ˡȴ⡣
֪ѩؿûע⵽ȴѾע⵽ˣеĲʿѾ˺ܳʱ˰ɣ
λһ漴ͷӦˡ
СΪûоͷԶʱ䲢̫У֮ǰ˵ʱǲû⡣ȻѩһᣬȴǺܿͷӦˡ
һǧǰ޽Լġ˵ǸһǲʿŮȻʿڻǻŵġ
Ҳ˵ǸʿѾһǧˡ
˼ǣǸʿӵķ°׵һ
ѩȴ²ʲôܹռķ
µͷõУӵֻвʿһˣˡһ˾ʮһ꣬ȻҲǳ٣ڡ
ǰ˿ȴ˵һ֮ǰ
֣һǰΪʲôһͬͬյСĹ¡
ڣʵҲûŪ׵һ뷨
λʿ𣿡ѩ룬ʵ
˶٣ǿǳ˵ĸо·ʱޡȻԷȴһǧǰڡ
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µͷԥ£дӵĸףҲһڰ顣һֱദû㲻
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ѩԾȣȻܳĺڰ鷴Сڶĺڰʵǿ
Щԥʿǣûʲôƿֶ𣿡
û뵽뵽һʱˡ
°׷Ӧ˹ʱŭòỹͷɣǲΪԼҲҪΪһ밡
ӡ
򴽣ڵΪĺڰ飬ҵʵ֮תԲʿûа취ֽŵġͲʥǲת壬ʿǵֲ˶ҩ
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560 һʱһʱ

ҩֲ룿ѩü
µͷಿλʿŪԶңƿҩıƤöҺ࣬ܽͲʥɱ
ѩص˵ͷˣȻʵʲôװ𣿡
һҡͷҡһֳɵҲ̫ȷ˻ԣʱѾصõˡ
ѩü
Ȼµʲô׷ֶΣϵаԹġʿùһǳ̣ǻСʹһ䣬ʿ˵ǸܸӦаԹ
ûаԹ̶ӦѾûˡ
һ⡣ѩ֣صĺڰ飬Բʿ𣿡
ĺڰԲʿȽģǶΪԼǱʿģǸһĴڡǡͲʥĺȴģȻû˵ܹоû˵ڵĲʺͲ
ҧҧЩӵܸоҺʹģͲʥǵ˼άҪӽ࣬ļƳǸ
˶٣ֵҲǺúӡ
ѩüǻԸ𣿡
ᣬһᡣϵǣһ϶صʿ˵ڰĸԣͲʥҲȷʵһֱҵĻֻҪܹһĺڰָ䣬ǵĺӾͲ⡣
֮ǰ˵ľõ壬ʲôԵѩʵ
̻ᡣµʵֹ̻ԼĹӶ鱨ɱֻ
ǺڰɱֻģɱֻֻкڰģһЩɱ֣ǺڰֻһЩֵİɱ񡣡
ʿȫھõĻģֵ³Щڰ飬һ֧ڲӡ
ڲӣѩü
ǽǿҰ޻߹׽ȻٽѱսʿƿǽսµַʽǳΣգÿ궼кܶ˱ʧصĺڰɱ̳Եڲӵ˸ٶȷǳ졣»ش
ѩԲ⣬°׵һ㵡
ЩˣڰʳǾȻҪƺڰһ˼
ȪҲ޽ԼڶͲˣǻ̫ˣȻǸҵ޽ԼȴһˡҸսķȹ֪ͬնɱĺڰǲ
ǸʱܹҲżˣںڰץƣڱֻŽһǷǳϧͬġҼΪ˾δʶкҧֱۣҲ͵ĸŮֵס͵ҰޣͬĺڻУŮΪ˾ͬѪڰߡ
ͬ࣬ȻͬΪƷΪ˵õϧһͬ
䲻˼顣
һʱһʱˡ̾Ϣ

¶ǲɶСĺӣǵ㲻ϸԣҲƽ˳ҪǲɶСñǳذΧ˵Ҫλ˰𣬴ҲԣҲΪˣɶС򱳿óһǲõıڰﶢϵġ
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ͻĴڶը¶һ㶣̧ͷͿڵĺ˴վǰü˴ô
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Ҵ硣¶̾˿ѾûˣŶûУЩġû˸ĸԴһֱǴչ֮ǳá
ʲôõĵģ˲Ϊ˹ڴ̻ɻһµнˮң˶Ľ
Ļ¶ȴᡣЩϻεѪĴ磬ܾеԤ׵ζĺ¼ˡ
Ҫ˵ԶԶȴ
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Ҫ֪ƥⶫҪУСǺټģѲɡ
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561 ˹

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Ȼʶ£¶ǽӹ߹ޡ
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һ˦һɱǮʹ뿪ˡ
ۼֿĽסǮתֵݸ¶쿴뱲ӿҪָЩǮӡ
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ѩؼʱ˾£Ϊ⾣õ˻ɣǻֱֳֻһ˰˹ǰڰεļ
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С̫Сˣû˿ԽЩѵڵҪʲôҪ¶ǣ
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ϾڳһСУֻʶ¡
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562 

˹ȴǳĬˣǵȸңǴʲô
ѩüȻ֮⣬Ϊ˹һֻ뿪̻ء
˹򴽣ʵǡҪ𣿡
ɵȻ֪̻ᵽʲôȴֱǲõ顣ЩСֻ̻ˣȫ࡭
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Сʷ˹һ⡣
ѩزɸ̾࡭ĳ̶ֳ˵һ塣
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Сھ粢ģֻΪ˽ź󶨡ѩصûеС鶦ɻǺڰֻܿźڰﲻϣʳ뷨͵Ȼ
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Ȱ˹¶ֵɫ̾˿Ȼģ沢һ֪ƽ񡣡
˹˿ǰڷС龫Ưˣͷ·ǹŮһȻֻҪ˫ƽ֮Ҳ֮ͷ·һֻסһ㡣
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563 

ͬڰ˹ΪھĲʥҪȥֲô׵ġ
ʿð̹עǵ٣Ҫȥֻ֣취һȻᾭֵȴܹġ
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ĶҩսףһЩڰʬԼҩ
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Ȼ˽̰λشȴЦһûб緢౻ڰɱǱ磬׼ѼţʱѵǱ𣿡
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һںһȾ£ͻȻһ죬İ˹ʥˡ
ԣһȥ᰹Ȳôû
˹̾˿ҿ˲ʥҵİšͲʥı飬ȻԤ˲ֹһ緽ʽ
ЩСȴ˵ġ
ϣǾ˳ŰȥҲʥ
еĸһϾʥʱ䷢ֳ֣ÿһһڳһܴĵҡ
ͬǣط˵ܻأҲ·ĿռȻǳ󣬵ȴǳСǳȭͷСĶֻݵСȥģҲǳߡ
յˡ˹ϢеĻɱ˭࣬ΪϵĸףϣǳͣǲԸ
˹
硣Щꡣ
ͬڲʥȴЩ嶯ġ
𼱡Сһ򶨵ǰ˹ǽͻ˹ǡ
ǹһĨЦͽСС鲻ãࡣ
ǰ˹һɡ
ܡʥҲҡͷҿ˰˹Ķ֣ġԣһ˷Ҹ˹֮ϵҪһѡ
˶٣ڶԷ˵ĸ£ĿܼٵģֻҪǵǾͱȥ
ϣԷҲģΪ˵ԼͰ˹֮ǰı㣬Ѿ֪һˡ
ǾԲʲô¡
ãҹ룬ڴ˶
˹ǰķϾҾͲȥˡ
ԣһС鶼˹
˹Цʥӣ϶壬ͨҿɲҿԡ
ѩ°͵С
ȪԼ᰹Ű˹棬ȥ
һʥڡ
֪˶ãһӰͻȻ֡
ĸף翪Ļˣɹȥ˻µϡ
ʥҲЦ⣬ȴûзɾ裬ΪѾŵˣŨĹϢ
Ŀ϶ֹĸһˡ
ȻҲΪСĸףֻ¡С鱳ࡣ
-

564 ʵ֮

ѩ󣬲ʥǵ˵ǴȻֻ
ԣѩضٲµ뷨һС鶼һ±ơ
Ǹʥ¶Ŷӵǲʲô°ǲѰС顣
ʥЦŶǾ͸˵˵ǵʲôˣ
Խ˵Խѩֱӵھ硣
С鲻ھѲɻ磿
ʥʶҪȻߣͻȻʶԷڱһ˼ʱ۾𣿡
ǡûк޽ԼС飿
ǵġѩصͷ
ʥһȴԾʵôҵģ
ǰ˹½͵˹ûǰ
ԣʥɫ
ȴʱһԵͻȻڵĸ㡭ûԹа۾ôɫˣ
ԣʥһתͷȥ¡
ԼĺӣЦһָ˼䣬֪ԭʵС飬ǲʿҸ˺ڰ顣
ΪһԶŮ¶⣬ȴһƽ
ĸȥ˾磿ʥʵ
µͷڿռ϶С飬Ȼ󱻴˾硣
ĸС𣿡ʥͷʵ
¿Цҡҡͷ
ʥѩص˵лˡʵһֱܵĸϵԹ۵һ̶Ȼɿܡ
ҲûгֹͬЩĺڰ飬һĺڰǸɲ̫Թаġ
󣬲ѩء°׺ԽκηӦʥͿڵôԸһ֮ǰѾõ𣿡
ֻԼĸĸСǶôĸ׵ڣЩСܾ
ȻСӣҲ֪С鶼˼򵥣Զþܾ˵
ѩؿǰĲʥ磬˼ˡ
ʵϣϵϢͬʥǺСʵû̫ͬǰƴ壬òżĶ䣬ܷС
ȻֻԷ̸ֹ֪ԷӵȫͬСĻı㡣
⻰Ӧ˵ֹ°׺Խڣѩصϣһ֮ǻ𾣼õ壬ս
ʲôʥһȻȥǰù֣˼䣬͸һ׵С顣
ȻֻǶ϶Է۾Լشˡ
˫ɫȻ峺ȴһ׵䡣
ʱһԵĻ¿ڵʥ취Ѵ𽻳ѩذڵаԹ
ʥعشһԵѩؾ͵ȵȵȣȰǽֲĶҩȡ
ԣʥһ׷׿
ǻ¼ҲȵѩԽϵĶҩȡ
ѩصͷⲢһ¡
˵ţŲʥ֡
ʥʶ㣬ˣͼַ·Ӱô˲ʥ
ڳ˶ˣһŵСһ㣬ҩĤǳһСŪˡ
һ仰û˵꣬ͼѩѾȡһСĶ
ʵǵŮʱõģʱΪԼʥõǽԭһ¼Ȼʵϲ˺ܺŷȡΪʵ֮䡱֡
ʵ֮䣬˼壬ӴĶԸʵ֮ת
ɱС˵սϵãֻ˵ҽϣӵȫͽڵĲȡһƾһЩи򵥱ʹ
û˷Ӧѩ編ƣϵĶҩҲȡ˳
ֻȡ֮ѩȴͻȻһ£ˣǸʿӦûа취⵽ҩλðɣ
ʱ򣬲ʥѾعˣҡҡͷûУСԼҩλãʿ
С֮ԻҪҩλãǵսб˵ĹҩǲĤײƣװױ
Ǿͺáѩһ
ʡԼٰѶҩװȥˡ
֪ǲǾˣ
۾һֻҪٽ̳һҾˣ
ȻС־򲢲ֻԼһܰѾõͿˡ
ǲʥѩصո˵Ҫս
ѩصͷζСҪһսʶСǿ󣬲С顣
ʥ˼ˣǡ
-

565 ⶯

ҲܣǣҵĿ겻ǻ𾣼õ塣ʥڵ
ѩü˵˵
;ʥ򵥡
ðھһϯ֮ء
˼ǡѩ˼ҪھȺչ
ʥ˵ͷҵ˽⣬С鲢ʺ棬Ǻڰ鲻ͬûС߶ǺڰܳΪԸڰΨһֶΡ
ԣѩһȫµ۹⿴Է
С鲻ٳüЦ
ϾԷĻ˵úˣڰҪֳļֵǰûС߶
ʥͷСֻкô𣿡
˶٣ȻС飬ҸĸС飬ҲСĺҵԴҲж⡣СӵԼľ磬ΪʲôҪٸ޽ԼֿأҲǲ֪жСܵȺ
С̫ˣֻҪۣܰƭתˡ
ԣкãȴסˣʥ㲻Ҫ˵ˡȻǲС֮ľ
ʥȴΪĸǲͬ˵СƭĻüĸףҲ˵ҪȻ͸ôᡭ
ΪСΪʲôҪ޽Լ´Ļ
ʥһڵǱƭ𣿡ֻҪ䣬СͻӦԷҪ
ǵġʥҡͷΪû֣Ƕ뵽ȥ档
ɡ
ʥһţĸ㵱ҲΪԭ޽Լģ
µ˵ͷⲻˣС̫ˣܵøԼҵӡֲɵȻ֪ԼǲƽǷҲ꣬ɣǿʲôȥ磬ֻҪھ磬ǾˡȻйСҲЩ֪ƽҲȻҲ֪ˡ
°һԲѾڽиĸˣҴ㽫һ͵ֳ
ʥȴС鲻ٸ޽ԼС̰档㾫罨ٺãȫȻͬ磬վɻ棬
һѩ֪ͬҲûΪ˾ܶžС޽Լ
֮󣬻ֽСĹ˲ʥС֮䵽
һߵѩȴ˼ʵϣڲʥ黹Ǻ⶯ġ
֪粢ģֻҪΪܽת֮ʹתƾ˼

һ룬ԼΪĽԺԼԽǲǻž磬СҲ˳³ΪԼĴӵأ
СС飬Ȼ浥ѩص֪ǵʵѾǳӽˣԺǽһ
ֻЩôɣĲ˵ÿδԽ֮ȻԼⱲ֮󣬻ܱݺȨ
οҲûаܹںϽˡ
С磬ɲϣˣٴΪڰʳ
࣬Ⱥв͵ĺøУȻϣ³
ˣǺڰܹչΪԿڰһԱǾٺòˡ
˵ڰ񻹲ɹģѩһʱҲںϽˣתơ
ˣмεʱ佫ڰ鷢չˣࡢڰͺڰγһµƽ⡣
ѩ˵Լ뷨ʱڳ˶סˡ
򴽣ɫҪ磿
ǿ϶ġѩصС̰棬𵥸磬Ǹʺȥͬ档ߣС̫ǿˣֲԷ˵죬ˣͲʺһ̫ͣá
˶٣µȻѾСˣֻҪԸ⣬ҲԽ뾫磬ŴһȥСϾȻˣʧȥԣûܵӰ졣ĶŮȻǳҲǧѡ
ԼѡŮǧ꣬ǸԭĻһ硣
Ӧ֪ģС鵥ǲΪĲͬųġ
²ɿЦһԵ羪˵ǵǧꣿ
ѩصͷֵǲ֪
ҡͷ֪Ϊڰеļʲ߲ͣʿƲǵֻǧꡣ
ѩصҴϸӦϢǵӦǴǧ굽ǧ겻ȡ
-

566 

ʥ۾ٿˣСǧʲôȻΪԼֻܻһǧ˶ԣȴǸͻȻ˴û
תƾʱûᣬ˵˺ļƻ
ǶԺʲô𣿡ʥʵ
Ȼ֪ǰСԼΪҪܶ࣬ڶСĹ̶ӡǴ̽һ¡
ѩصҲûֱӿڵҴȥӴǸóռ֮С飬⡭
룬°׵ϵС𣿡
°׵ͷû⡣
Ҫءѩѵܱǵ˷֡
°һ漴ͷԣĻҪһʱ䡣
ûϵԸһҲҪѩص
ֿʥ취Ҽеĺڰ飬һҪǻָ䣬ҪȡϵĶҩ
Щð졣ʥüĸָĺڰ飬˲ʿǰˡĺڰһû˶ҩĳ⣬ǿ϶ַӴŸĸ·
ѩһ㶣ɰκʵЩļƻһ򵥿Чķ
ʲô˶ˡ
ѩصҸҲһӵĴѩ˵ô
ʥ֪еĴѩĹģԻûرķӦ°׼ˣɫˡ
ʲС飬ġ°׵
ԽŵǺڰʸǿһ㣬ܹʱ䡣
ѩȴԽӾãǾҪôˣǴӦҵҪǴѩȻͣ£ط˼䣬ڤ粻飬ǡţǲ඼ġ
°׼Ȼһϸ룬Ǿǳá
ҲͲʥЩɣǵʱ򾣼õúڰСвأ
ѩؿڣ¾ЦˣûϵģС鶼ˡЩĺڰ飬ȽϵĶҩȡߡ
ԣʥɼӿ졣
̫ˣǡ
ڰʵԺڰвģܹûһһڰܵõķչռ䣬ͺڰϵҲʹǶԺڰи
˿ڿˮУôˡ
ͬڲʥ˹֪ǵĴ֮Ǽԡ
УĻкܶ޹㲻˵ƽѵ𣿡ʵ
ѩԴһѡǷӻΣҲ㲻ҵͷϡ
С毺ãĿ峺˵Ļȴ͸ųĲ̡
ѩزǶˣѾѧڹؼʱᵽס
ԣܰ˹˵Ĳ޵ûиı⡣
ҪƽϵĻûСİֽаٷ֮ʮŵ˶ڡѩصѡǺһѣ̲ʥĽ飬öΪõİȫС
˹޻˵
ʥжӹɵģһµʱ䣬СİΪһþõ彫кڰ鶼ˡ
Ĵֱʣѩ˽۵ӿ»ΪڰĿߡ
ĴֱʣѩҲֱӳֽһڰϵԹаڰϵĶҩȡ
ƽһ죬粻ҲãڰҲãûһʲôһѩͻأ£Ȼһ£Ҳûж⡣
ʥͰ˹̧ͷŸ߿ϵС飬ͬһƬѩɫĸҶôƯ˸߿֮ϣСƮ㡣
ȻΪѩɫľ
ǡʥ̾СС顣Ǳôɣô޴ֻǿʵҲη塣
˹ȴǾþ
ͻȻˣЩ顣
Ǵˮ֮ȶһʼǿ϶ǸмģĵĸмȻʱˡͻ᲻ʣ̰ҪΪС
ЩСǺһõǿ
ͬһʱ䣬УлʹԼ帮ۡյһţһȥѡš
һʼЩ˲ûн֮£ֻΪ˶硣
ϾµѩȻСҪ˵Ὣǻû˻š
ֻһЩСҪû̸Ͳ¡
ֱѩµ죬½һûй¶ȣ㱨ƽԽԽࡣ
ôƽƽһ̶ȣҲòˡ
ʶǷţ²Ƕ硣
-

567 ɵ

ԻΪףһλ߶ۼһ𣬸ȻȻյŵ˲ֹԼһˡ
Сģ˺üƤüܵģСȻǿӦûڡ
˵ţԼڴǸµż
һƯо飬ע⵽˵Ŀ⣬̧̧аȻôǿ󡣡
˵;֪żʮ꣬ȻʶѩأҲһѩġ
һǷĵİѩĴѩС鶼òó˯ܣ˵ôˣǹԹɡ
ܾЩС鱿ʵҪ˲Ǹ󱿵أ˵ⳡѩѰˣƫţϲˣֿԡ
ĳЩԭ˻ǸС޽Լġ
ѩأһƼĹüһС֣
ôʲôһ𣬺췢СһĵֻҪѡͿˣ⡣
СȻŪһףҲ׶ԷҪˣˡ
£¡ҾûҪһߴˡʱһһλͲС˿ڵ
ԣڳ˷׷װĿͶ˹
ڳУߵһҲûУȴ˵λλȻһҪߵĴڡ
Ǿȥߴ˰ɡ˭ܿеŭȻ׻ǿڵ
ûãһλӦóƺˣǵƺΪֲ̫ʡ
Ϊ̫ˣƤ׷ص쾡µչһϵĳ̶ȡ
ߣŮһһҲ϶
ߡ
һ仰û˵꣬ԷҡͷƵҸϲǲʿ
õģʿҲûзϻֱӽһһģһֽŷŵ˶Էǰ
һԼһһｫ˵һ
ʿˣ֮ſڵһλѩصС顣
ûа취ϵǡ
˵Ļû˵꣬ʿҡҡͷа취
˶ûüӦͽˡ
һȺ½ӻ߳ǡʱȾͷһ
ʲôü
˵ԵŮپǰȥ鿴ˡ
ûãðź˻Źӵ£·˹ìܣ·˹±ˮһ
ԣڳ˶̲ס˳ǡ
ɫһ漴СӴ֣ôҿЦˡ
ӣĸйЩӣǻ̵ġ
λλʮ꣬Ů˲٣ȴһⶼزˡ񣬽ʣľֻʣһˡ
ΪΨһӣ˵ӵ»ǻʴȻʵȴˡ
ΨһҴĺӣȻǼ۰ģҲӼ̳Ļλ
ǣ⺢СʱûʲôǳȴƺЩȱݣ˵еһ֮ȳ˸ӣʹˣûмûб۸ġ
λε̻ڳô벻֪һҲеġ
λ·˹µĸףҲûҶ˵ʲô
ȴʱӴȾͷ˹
¹һĽɫεͬȻıʯܴﵽ޵ӢĽýдǿòĻһλѲ
ʿ̧ͷ޵Ӣ˲
仰̾Ƹ߽̾˹պƲƲϻ
ڳɫ䣬ǹҲѵ˵ʲôϿߵǸ
˹λȽϿ죡
亹Ҫðˣ벩ʿȴҡҡͷȻźˡ
ȹһͿڵǱԸ⣬ǿԽߵ͵ﵱҵѧ
ɫһ䣬Ͳˣ˹ӣͲȥ߶Ųʿˡ
Цʿ飬Ϊ˵ȫ֪Ҳ
˵СߵԺܼ̳лλļʲ̫ߣˣҲԴط
˵úѧؼû˱ʿǲģСߵ˵ûΪƷ
ʿԲÿɷ񣬻Ƶ˹ûԼıӻҪ䵽ɡ
뵽ɫ΢΢ŤЩĵؿԼɵӡ
˹ȴǲ֪ԼҸʶĵǣѾһȺС
˵Ҳ֣ߵƢ˭ãСȴϲҲû۸С顣żС۸Ϊ⣬ϵĺƢ
һ漴ȴ̲ס̾
ϧˣ⼸ԽԽʽ΢ʿڵĺɪ岻Ǻô򽻵ģ²˹С
-

568 쳶

Ϊʥĳıڰ鶼վСһߡ
ȻҲΪͨЩڰ飬ʿҵǡ
ʶһʱ򣬲ʥҲѾˡ
ô죿ʿ洫ʥЩŵ
ǴʱĵطһԶȺɭ֣ѩΪڰѡأΣҲḻĵѹкڰϮΣҲܼСࡣ
ͬڲʥĻңѩȴΪ򶨣ǳȥɡ
ϣ˲࣬һ֮ˡӦþǲʿλŮһ߰кԼһС顣
ǣǸСЩǰЩǰ
ѩزʶǸ׷С飬һԵ᰹۾ڵѩ
Сͷң᰹ⳤߡ
㡭᰹£˼˿߰˰˰ɣ
ѩ˹ͷ갬ȶҺܺúܺãҴӦһֱտĺ
Ļ᰹ⲻÿɷ
ѩֱӿʿĲʿкιɣ˵Ѿѡ񣿡
ʿǵ۾´һ̵񡣡
ѩز֪˭ֻĪȻһԵ°ڻµȴɫһ䡣
ʶģ°׵۾㵽ʲôˣ
ѩؽ͵ľλĽ
ѩɫҲˣ֪λѾˡ
Ҳ˵ʿҲѾˡ
ʿЩĬȻŵҲ֪Ǽǲǵˣҵֽ쳶
쳶
쳶ɫŤȻţôܻţ
°Сѩصİϵ쳶
ֻҪĻţҾͲʿ
ĿɨǰһȺС飬ڵǶģΪҪ󶨣ΪǱҹƻˡĳ˵һ䣬һУΪǡ
˶٣̾Ϣ˵ôǹƶͬʱ֤һеģ㹻ĵȵһ쵽
ֻҪǳ۾˶ܹʿĳϿң°׵˶ЩԺѩȴ̲סһЦ
˷Ǹͼ̲ಿ䣬ҲǴΪಿ
ʿĿ䵽ϣƽ͵ΪʲôЦ
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ʿһƺû뵽ƱС顣
һߵ°׵ҲӦˡ
˵ʲôطԣԭȻǿ󣬵㲻ϴС飬һΪ飬ȻǴİȪ
ҲѾͷǸ˵ʲôʲô
ѩصһǶԻǴǿĳ㣬Ҫɵĺ
ʵΪģСǱ硣ҲΪС鶼ܵȺ
ʿ̾һжҺļƻͲ
ЦˣѩЦʲô˵Ļƾ㽫С˺ڰ𣿡
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ʿıһ䣬۵׾Ȼ˼ΣȻܿǵξʧˣڵӴϽڰĵкôġǰ˺ܶڰúܶ
ԣѩѾ¶˷֮ɫνĴ֣ҲֻǴĽǶȳɣСԣڰٺʲôϵֺʲôϵ
ʿȴƾĶ˵ΪС鲻Ҫ˱𣿼ȻˣСͬС࣬ǻ۱С飬𣿡
֪ܹת֮ǰѩȷʵ˼ڡ
áѩصǲˣСΣԴǺڰȻˣֻҪûͺ˲𣿡
ʿĬȻȻʵǣѾ벻˲𣿡
ѩЩ۶ԷڵģЦԣķѵȻڰûʳҲˣСһҶ𣿡
ǹ˵ģֻǷʶԼľģȻѡ
Ǿѡ񣬲ܼ
ȻѾ˴ѩȻƽƶ㲻ܵѩĳϺǲˡ
ҿˡʿڵһҲûıġ
ڵҪѩͣ£ҪҴӦʲôҪ󣿡
-

569 

ڶҪʲôҪѩ֮ǰҲ۹óһͳһĽ
ȣõ̻϶ٴڡߣСʷٱûǶĸͶ鲻þôĨ
żԼ뱻ϳ
ᵽʱѩּһҪ
ǰˣ˵
ʿһ漴ЦˣǺԸ⽫ԼģǲСѾˡ֮ǰ˵ֻҪĵһûиҾͲ
͸ȥɡѩҲĿڵԻţȴҪСļ֮¡
£ʿˣУ࣬Ҳ뿪
ɲˡѩصѡɣǳ
ʿ
ʹУһ񣬻ص󹬣ŮڵΪ˼ҾӷصģҲҶ˵ˡ
֪˶ãڵˣȥŮٽй
ܿ죬ȵŮپ͸ˡ
£ȹؾص
ıЩӡ
˵˵Ů٣ʵûô򵥡˹ĸΪԭֻһݵ΢ŮеЩҲԸΪ˶ӾԽΪǿΪͷüֺ˶ӣЭΪŮٴ˶ߡ
Щ꣬һڶϣԵһ㶼˼
㣬ΪȻ񡭡
ɡڵ
ȱҪ̧ܾͷ϶Է۵׵Σ׻ˡ
һΣյҪȥԥµ
Բţֻ侲ʵ˹кô𣿡
Ϊ˹
˵ȾʹӦãȥ
һԥûоʹӦˣ¸л̾˿˹Ҷ˵ҲȻϣܹΪʴǸԡô׵ġ䡭
뵽ʿ֮ǰĻɫصһΣյ˶ˣҺܵһһۣ˹û˺³
ɫ΢ףֻؿȴĻ
һֱҪ˹ܹС޽Լǲ̫ףɪǲ˹õôġ
˶٣ǣһᣬһ˹ܹС޽ԼĻᣬܲܳɣҪˡ
˵ţȶСԼĴ˵ܽ³ɹļʲ󣬵ǣΪ˹ֻðˡ
ȵͷҶˡ
һôŮԣֻüųԱļ͡
Դһλĸ׶Ժӵİ
Ȼصʱ˹ʱ˿һΪĸøʵƭȥˡ
ģ㸸ҡԶӣȫȻû֮ǰ侲һ͵ոһƷķء
˹һȴû˵ʲô
̾˿˶˵ȱݣֻ֪ĶӲȱݣֻǡ̫ɾˡ
Զǵã׵Ķӱȣһָ˵Ļ
裬ΪʲôڶôѪ
裬ҿˣµиڰ
裬ˣֻèǱģҿèӰϰ

һʼҲΪǺӺ˵ֱŷֻ֣ܹϵ
Ȼ֪ʲôʱʼԭÿɰĺӱù޵ļˣԴ˶жУĸʡʱʵ̲סˣͻˡ
˾壬ֻ֪ǡ
˹ϲС𣿡ʵ
˹һüҲЦ⣬ϲȻСҲһЩԹԴǵˣ
Ҫ޽һС𣿡ȼʵ
밡һĵС飬һõġ˹ҺȥɱˣҲƭ°ɻ£ҲҫĹߡһõĻ飡ҲҪżԼ̫۸С
ŶģȲЦˣͷеģ˹ҲԼСġ
ʵԸġ
ȵ۵׻һĨġ
˹ȴҡҡͷûҲûϵģҸҲܺá
С֮ǰ뺦ң͵͵ͨ籨ŵġ
ӣʵСкܶ˲ȥûЩСİæҲܻڡ
-

570 Ķ

Ĵѩ֮£ԭɭҲһƬѩɫס
˭ܹ뵽ϵľ񣬾ȻһƬƧɭ֮нš
²ʿĵλ⣬ϣҲܲ֡
ѩٴνԼҪ˵ʱ򣬱Ҳ˵ĵǰϲġ
ˣѾҪʮˣҲй׳־Ȼȴ˽ľӶࡣ
Ҫ˵ʲôԸôΨһϣԼ󣬶ܼ̳ԼĻλǲܣҲҪúõģƽƽȢӡ
ȻԸȴôʵֵġ
ҲãҲãܻΪԸ谭ߡ
䣬񻹶һʿ
ԼܹεˡΨһܹ˹ľȻֻȡ
ȻڲͬˣǾõ屻٣ʿץȥ磬ЩֻСǩżԼĹҲᱻ˹ȫˡ
ʷ
ˣҲˣ͹ɡ
ͬڹһڹıȴѿˡ
Ψһ黳ľǸżԼϵĻǹƴ඼ʧȥС顣
ϾҲԼСԼйٶô
ȻǷԵɿ϶
УܽСʷ
ûǻӰ۹ţðնԵ۹ɡ

ӭһƬѩز̲ǾͱųΪ˰ɡ
ֳһ
֪˶ãһ忪ڣλС黻ҪҪζɿڵĵ𣿻ñʯĻȹӺΣ
ԣڳһ㶣ȴܿ췴Ӧ˹
ˣС鶼棬ϲЩʵĶЩջٺʲˡ
һˮСһһģһǳʺС
Ҽһһ޶ɽˮת֣ܹļıڵ¶ȡ
Ҽ洫һˮһ

һʱ䣬˶ԼͷСȤĶ˵˳
ѩزЦܸоԪռеһС鶼ڴȻ
Ȼôʢ飬ǾͽЩϰɡ
һ˲䣬ڳ˵ı鶼׷ˡ
û˺޳ܵС顣
Ⱥĺ棬۶۾ĿǸС飬۵ǳѰȺڱصá
ˣǾСѩء
һӣһԼһҪȡǸ񾭲ӳΪˣ
ǵúϱӵĽ죬ȺƤ˹ƵСǰϣС޽Լ
ʱ嶼ûӦֳϣҲû˴ӹ˹ռ˱ˡ
û뵽ǣѩؾȻ˹
ⱲӾͲһˣǷ˺ܴø״Ӧ
ϱӺܶ˶ˣѩ֮Իῴ˹湦úãһŰԵˣȴαװº޺ѩƭ˹ȥ
һΣԲöԷռˡ
ô绨С鶼ԭġˣһЩġ
գǲʿڵӦɡѩصС֪еȫһ
ʯͷһӲѪһ䣬ȫȻûС
˷̵ǣĳΪСˣ̵ѩȴõСƳ硣
˱ۿڵκ飬ȲĴ
һ̣ڳ˷׷׳ĬȻĬĻ
ѩɫؽ׼õԼ˳ȥǩְɡ
ʿ̾˿ԼǩԼ֣ȻǹԼһڹ塣
ֵһǣڼйҪˣвдϣѩؽѵһ١
ѩغһڳСԼдԼ֡
һдµ˲䣬ԼɫĹƮɢ˿
һ̣СĻЦżԼеɵС黶طɵͬߡ
ѩҲɡ°׿ЩԥС顣
ѩüǣҴӦ˰ȣչĺˡ
չ˰ѩصѵûչ𣿡
ѩһʱЩԺ
ߵСкҪ˵ʲôһȺСѾȥѩŰΧˡ
۶һֱܣûע⵽ȵĳ֣ȴע⵽˹
ˣж֮ǰѾ˳ȥһȺŵС麰ǿԺǩԼҪһС飿
ʮŮֿɰһ˫۾ģôôϲ
һȺСعһʱЩ޴롣
۶ϲС飬۸СģҡһǺõģǺѰɣ
ŮģĿϵؿŶС顣
һСʱ㿴ҿ㣬Ķˡ
-

571 

ѩأ°Щɵһѩء
ѩ۾ǰŮ
һСУŮִƣȻûоŮ۽ƺһֱԼ
ѵϣԼܹ޽Լ
ʲôأ
ѩû뵽£ֻΪ۶Ǹ֪ߵغΪȫ綼ӦΧԼתĹС㡣
ڱֳ
ܶĴС㶼¶Ըжӵһ棬ΪûǸҪ˵ûǸزڸһִΪǵĺһ
Ȼѩصľȴƽǹ壬֮гֵĶ˱ʵһߵģֻǺеĶαװߣҲɲ
ֻҪżԼû
ѩϲСǵı裬ǵɣŮȥáǾֻȥˡ
Ҳֻǵ޽ᾫԼʱ˭Կò˵ء
һСѩصĻˣ۶ɫȴһ
㲻ϲ𣿡һĵص
һСˡ
ʲô˼
ѵѩص޽Լ
ʲôأ
ǣѩزŲҪء

һȺС˽۶ɫѿˡƾʲôѩؿôãҲ˹Ǹ񾭲Ҫϰٱ
˲֪ΪɪҵŮȴ֪˹ʱֽţ˹ͷγŮ˻ȥҲ˻顣
޴ľ˹ɫѿˡ
û뵽Լ֮ǰɪҵĴСܳȥԼ顣
ȻˣԼٴ˹ȥЧ¾Ͳˣǡ
ҧҧֻ֮һĻᣬҲҪȥһԣΪ˹һƬδ
ɪС۸ڶǵȴĵˡֳһƬʱ˹ˡ
Ҳʡ͵ĵƣȻΪʲô۶Լ֮ǰ£ȴԲὫ֮ɺϡȻˣȻȶԷһš
ŮٱֱͦǣеӢýȻƺֻͯһСĵؿš
֮ǰȺţ˹ܿǰС飬ᴩȺĿȴǵһʱ䵽ѩϡ
ѩҲ֮漴һ
˹һЦ꣬ޱ飬ǶݺݵģǴŲͷȻǸƴСӰȴǲɹ𴽽Ц
Ц棬Ų֪ᣬüۼһʧ˴롭
Ưˣ
ÿ
ϲ
оһء

Сһˡ
۶ɫѾѿݵˡ
Ƚ˹Ƶǰ棬ҶӳúÿҲϲС飬С͸Сദúܺã˲֪֪ġϣܹǺ޽Լ
ЩİС鲻˽˹Щԭ˹úõСȴģҪԸ˹޽Լٺòˡ
ǵǵģ˹Ǻˡ
Ҹ˹һ׽ԲأȤˡ
׽ŪҲᷢ𡣡
Ƕϲ˹
˹ҪСǸ޽Լô

ԤϵոմżԼС鶼׷ˡ
˹Ŀȴһֱѩϣ̲סʵʲô֣
ҽѩءѩ΢΢Цˡ
˹̾˿С𣿡
ȻˡѩºЦһʵΪʲôҲС飿
֪˶٣˹ãȻӦС飿
ԣڳһС׷׶Ц
Ҫҵ޽Լ𣿡ѩؿʵ
һ۶ɫŤС¶𾪣˹۾һ֮ҲЩɣ𣿡
Եġ
ѩصĻ䣬һԵİ۶Ͱ಻סˡ
ȵȣڵ㲻Ժӵ޽Լ㲻֪㲻֪
򴽣ЩԥӲǺˣ۸ܶˣϸҸŸձƵ˱ڻڼءҵǺ޽Լ֮۸ǣǲҪƭˡ
ԣһȺС鲻ˡ
Ųᣬ˹ɺˣֻ۸࣬û۸ǡ
Ǿǡ

ΪҪֺǣҪС飬һĿģһ᱾Ա¶ġ۶һ
ԣһС鶼ɵˡ
ǱͲƱԸЩץϹ
˹ǳˣֻ֪ݺݵŰ۶ȴ֪֤˰۶ĻǶԵġ
״ȵ۾ŭ𣬡˵˵ҵ˹ĺӡ
-

572 

ȷ·һͷĸʨŭŰ۶ƾʲôվƾǺɪˣƾļ崴żԼ𣿻ƾļ嵮СǶħĴڣ
ϴ˿񣬲ϴ鱦һմСѪ᣿ʲôվ
Щ鱾һŮӦ֪ģ֪֮ΪΪ˹ĸûϿΣҪ֪һֱûз˹ʴĽȻǷǳģҲⲻԴ̡
ܶ飬˹ϲȴͷټ뾡취ӲΡ
һŮ٣֪鲢Щ١
˵ʲô۶۾һ˵˭˵ǼģǼûйϵżԼҲǲʿоģ޹ءĲЩ
ЦһЩ㲻֪Ǿ˵һЩ֪ġ
Ǹÿڹؼʱ̽˹ƻȥ˹ڵŮ٣ѵǺɪ𣿡
˶Ϊ֪ʵúܣȻȴֻ֪ܵͽ͵Ҫúӿһҿ̵ʱΨһֻһһҪöӻ
ƵΨһԸǶܻģȴһҲˡ
۶۾·ʣô֪
һԵĹҲ̲סڵô˵
˵ʲôãʱҲµˣ޺޵ؿѾˣѵΪ˶Ӻͺɪƴߣ˺ƤԶҲʲô¡
Ͼ̫Сˡ
⣬ҲĹ˶ԶӲĬϷҺöȻر飬ȴûбɵӡ
Ȼ
ȽϿҵĿ䵽ѩϣڵ˹˭ӣ˵еίͺ£ֻͨ˺йǼˣҲ˺޹֮ˡ
һˣѾˣûʲô˵ġ
ۼһҪʷغϣ۶¶ʣڵŮ˵ʲôʲôӲ˺޹֮ˣѵ˵Щ۸˶𣿡
ѵ𣿡ո˵˹Ƶ˱ô˵ʮū±һűʯŦۣū
۶һʶ˵Щֻū߷Ӧˣڵ˵
ûк˵Ц
˹֪ʲôʱѩصߣ˵˵ģҿˣ׵ΧкӰ˵䣬ô౦ʯŦΪʲôҪȥң˿˵±
ѩһ˼Ƭ̣Сʵ㽫ƽ˱
˹˵ͷһȻһ֪ж䣬ȥһΣ´Ͳˡ
ѩ̾˿ȴǵöԡ
ⱲӵľϢȷʵЩ⣬ҪöԷ֪ôģֱӴֱķ
ѩ˹ļˣС۲ۣҪҪҼϣ
ΪСĲ̸࣬ڼһС鶼ڿС
ѩرҪܾȻһ۵׵ε׻ûоܾƮƮ䵽ļϡ
˹Ļˣһһ̲סתͷȥѩء
ҵļ᲻ЩӲҪҸ޻𣿡ʵ
ȴʱһЩʶС鰴಻סˣ׷׷˹
˹̫˼ˣǰԹôΣ㶼Ըڼһ޻
ǣǰϡ
ʶ㡣

Сǵָ˹Щ޴룬ȴԾһᶨѩظǲһ
ôһˣ
ǣС𣿡
һС鲻ˡ
˹˵ӲһǶҪ
ۡ˹ù֣
ǣ㣡
Ȼ˵ֻ
Ҳϲˡ

һӱ㽫һȺСŪˣѩز㲻οοǣ
˹ҡͷ˵ʵ㱾ͱҪҪ
ǹȻᾢֱˡ
ѩز΢ЦȻ˹ﻹǾϢ
ĴӦҵС𣿲ܷڵİ̲סȷϵ
ѩغЦͷ˵ɵһ㡣
ûϵɵҲȱ˿ɰ
˹׾ٻѩصͬ۶ɫҪŤˣҪڣȴǰȥ
ףҪ
׵һۣˡ
ѩغ˹ǩԼ֮Ҫ˵ĵˣǿ϶ˡ
˹֮ûĹ
-

573 

裡˹Ǿֵ˹ȥסȵµ塣
ȿŶӣ΢΢Ц˹һҸƽġ
ôˣ˹µ
ҲЩ£֮ǰúõģҲᣬѵʲôˣ
ȴʱʿڵ͡
ʲôͣ˹͵ؿĿͨ
һҩֻԴѪЧù֮һֻܻʮʮꡣ˶٣ʿԽ棬ù͵ܻžƾһйˣҲͲˡ
ô˵ڳѾµʲô
һҪȥĸӣԭúõģΪǹס
ΨһɻǣҲҩƷǴģ
ϢѾǳ΢ˣŶӣ˹Ҫúõģúöѩأһ
Ϊֻ֪жӶѩغˣѩزŻᱣס
˹һһߵͷҪ˵ʲôȴûϢ
ѩ̾˿һӣԱ߾Ͷһӡ
˰ɣҪ
˹˵ͷСĽȷŵ˿ȻȴǾþûнȥ
ٿ衣ŵ
ѩҡҡͷûж˵ʲô
Ŀ䵽ϣڵλ˹ɡ
ѩ˵Ȼڳȴˡ
ֻһ۶

ƾʲôƾʲôҪ˹Ǹ񾭲Ϲ
뵽ϱӽһ꺣ɪܵĴ۶ɫ
ȷӦ۾̱ˣȻڴӦй巴ԵУ˹ȱݣʺ
԰۹²ǶϷ

ѩͶ䣬ҲܣҪ˹
ʱһСҲعˡ
ѩأҪ𣿡°ü
ȴһٻȥѩص˳ˣҪߣ˵Ҫ۶ӡкڰǱߣҲҪտһ
Ҳ£һԵȪ
Ǳģʵ˹Щаţĺ쳶
ʱѩزĵĺ󳾣ǲûطȥ
ѩز֪ǵ뷨Եͷǲ˵ҲҪ£϶żԼ޴ȥС飬ҪȥѰһ
˵С޽ԼĴǹ壬û⣬οй嶼ġ
ֹǣС鶼һɡѩص
Ժʲô㣬ȻѾа취ˣûСǵ˼ĵ
ԣһڶڴԪռ俴ֵС۾
һߣһڹѾ
С鶼˵ˣ˹̳лλ
У˹ʲôʺϵ
ȥС˵˵ʲôã

ˣѩüԼѡҪôҵģҪôҹһѩ

һȺı鶼µġ
۶̫ϤˣѩرͲѰ·С顣
ϱ˹ΪһʼͲ£ϾͷûʵȨɿҶûУҪΪĻŮв
ȻѩȴǺô򷢵ģһҪôҪô
ˣ̶һʱ䣬ڸȴجһɪȻùֵõĹҲûС
Ȼ˹Ѿѩص޽Լˣʣµ·ֻʣһˡ˹ɱ
ȻѣûϵڻԺ˹ҲǸһһΰɱıѩرپǰ϶ҲûоЩ
ԣһҪ취һУ
ֻҪһʧܣԺͲлˡ
ϱһ
Ȼɪܹõôޡ䣬޵һܹʹ
ôϷ绯ģ˹ΪһεĹϹļˣŶӵִԼΪľ顣
Ȼ˹ȴ˶Ĳɵġûȫȵ
ʲôʱôѩʧʿ̲סڵ
ѩһ漴һԵ᰹ԽôҶɡ
֮ǰСĿռ֮дˡ
᰹Խ˵ͷһ̳ǧСΧ
ѩصȻҲֱӽСǴӿռתƳҪʿһΪСѾƿھķ
ѩؿһСǣ΢Цҳůصϰɡ
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574 츳

ļ죬඼һ
һֻڴ˵СͻȻǰ֮ѩϺʧľݷʢգر㱻Ļ
ƯĹ㱻СƮɢ˳䵽ϣܹоůʹȥĲʹȻʧ
׿ǵ۶ǽһׯĴ峤ϥһŮӣŮѾаˣ˹һ˫̥ꡣ
յңӭӹе¡
أﰲģֵʵ
ȥˡЦеȥһˡ
׿ƶʱЩģûȥҪǳ¡
İɣСһء
׿ƶʱһô˵
ЩС֮ûжߣһСҵдСסԼңСȴ⡣
ҲԸЩ˽ӴǺ档
ѩ⽻ģСǾֻӴĺӡ
һģһֻĺڰϮׯȴСǴɱ֮ǾͺܷúǺСһˡ
ҪСһֱڴͺˡһæһߵҪС飬ǴͲᱻˡ
ʵֻӣ֮ǰǻһŮȴںڰϮʱ򱻳Եˣʱųһ£ʽĴûС
׿̾˿ȻҲϣЩС鲢ûи˽סǵġ
ҲûáֹǰҲûкӵСˣ˼ҲǴż˰ˣҪ˵źãС鲻κˣ˭ҲܽǴߡ
׿ҡҡͷЩСһȤԺûȤˣ˭סǡ
Լͺáһ˵ţˣһ˪ɣȥ
׿һ㶣漴ˡ
ԼԺȻȥ滹ʳ£ǰȻǲġԣ˪ɸǸЩС͵ġ
ҲǣȻ֪СĺôȻҪú£ǡ
׿Ƶ˵ͷ˪ɾͳȥˡ
Ƶĳĵط
С鱻ƿڸУСɢڸأƽܹõĺôʵࡣ
У˹ſϣѩˣҲ뿴Щ񣬶ġ
ѩ¶Σ׻ЭðɣͲɡ
ǷˣⱲӵľϢе㲻á
Ҳ˵˹ʵԼιһףҲر˳ʵ̫ˣԼ֪֮٣ܶ鶼ߡ
Ȼû뵽ǣⷽ棬˹ʵкرġ츳
µʱΪ;ȼĲ³òɿ
Ϊ½ʵģͺڰｻսµʿս֪ǿһܹȷȼ͵λ
ΪӾʵѡǰ߾Ǹ͵ģû˱֪;ȼΪþȼùˡ

λ󳼸˵ģȥе춼ûгۡ
գ˷׷׿λŵ˹
Ϲһ߸ӱݻ˵ʲôֹ˼ӵʲôû˵
˹֪ڵڣԥµҪȻСͰɣСʵǿ󣬶һħ
ԣλһҭ
УAڵ飬ôܹСأ
BҲ͵ûСܰһʱæȴܰһæ
˹գգ۾Ҿѡʺϰһ˵ǺͺڰսϸûпںڰԹһ˵óݣȻȴϿԹ
Դ˺о飬ɫԹԹֻӶ˲ϲԹ
λֻȡֻ֣ǲѡ
ˣǺܿµѡ
ֹǣܿҲԼúʵѡ
˹صٽ׺ܵͣƽʱֻС͸Ĺȥɡ
ԣдҪԣķֻ֮Сȥ;ȼɱѵĻ˻ȥ
˽£˹һظѩصҿˣһкܶںڰŨԹһн⡣
⣿ѩز⡣
˹ЦСʱĲ󳼾ǻ⣬˵ǵ۹Ĳ󳼡
˵ȣı鲻ʧ
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575 

ѩز̾˿ɵ˹ԴϣְԴ
˹ʶţһСˤȥ
ѩأѩأˣʱϼһŵط˽
ѩüôˣ
ϼһߴһߵ絮һµС飬һڰ顭
ѩһʲô˼
˵һ°׿ڵµСҹɫеģһǺڷǱû⣬ϾɫСȻ൫ҲûУȻȴûˣڻӵкڰǸڰ顣
ô¡ѩ͵طʵʿأп𣿡
Ϊⲩʿ꣬ǰʱ͵üС鿴غ
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ȥǸڰ顣ѩص
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ѩؼһҡͷһģǲһȻкڰϸ˵С顣
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ΪĺڰѩعʵϣӿʵǸġ㹻ĺڰӦҲԼˣʱѰСΨһƿصǺڰ
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576 

һС黹ûüһȻѩصĻȴû˵ꡣ
ҪȫȴôˡѩصڰںڰϣóȻŵ磬յľͲǺڰˣԹа
ڰɸС鲻һԹаǶҲ١
ǻأ°̲סʵѾûԹаˣϵĺڰ𣿡
ãѩصǲˣһСĵҪ
СͷССѩشԽô磬ȴ˵ȺѾһȺÿһҪǷǳɲġ
ο
̾˿ڰͬڹֱܹӵڰǻȴֻúڰϴǿٶȡ
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˶٣ǾĻûʲôԲš
СԷ׷׵ͷ⻰Ҳʲô⡣
ѩȴҪʵǲʿнʲô۶𣿡
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ȥɽϲ˹ӳԡ۹ɲãȻϲõϲع

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šһСһµӰɡ
ѩͷۣЩС黰˵塣ԻһŵͼȻС齫۶˲ʿ֮ȥĵطǰǰע
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ѩضҪˣᣬֱӵ˵׼ȻԭǲӦõģǰûйСһ²⡣
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Ծȡ˶٣ѩصǽԾȡ°۶ǽڰŵ˽ˣĿҪȾˣʹþʸı䡣
룬ڰģĽ˺ڰԺ绹𣿡
ԣڳһСɫ
˼ǡΪ˰Щڰ˴ʹ˺׵ĵü
ѩػشһԵ°׾ҡͷԣڵĽģôܡ쳶һǿ׳𣿡
ѩüڵҪ˿һ
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У

ڳС׷׷Ե
ѩؿ˵Լɣ֮ǰ˵İ쳶ԲŲСһֻ뽫󶨡
ʲô𣿡˵仰þòڣȪ
ȻԡѩصСôమͬΪС飬ܹԼһģ𣿡
Լ⣬´ҲСǾû鰮ֶġÿΰˣʵϣǷǳټġ
Ȼ˵޽Ҳԡ
ѩɻǣĳһΪʲôСƫƫأ
ɵ̶ֳȣѾɺˡ
ߣԼСжϳ˲Ρ
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577 

һȺС鶼ѩصĻ˵ˡ
ʲô˼°㶵Ѳ˵ԩģ
ѩҡͷֻǻɣҪ֤ҵĻɣҪȥ￴һ
һС
̫Σˡ
ǰȲ˵ĻǼ٣ģ˱ɣҲòʧ
Ҫȥ֤ҲҪһȡ

λ߾׷ȰѩҡҡͷڵһֱҪȥ
ֱڿ֮ԽԣԵûа취ӡ
ԣλС鵹ǲ˵ʲôˡ
ѩأҸһȥʱѩʼնֳĬ·һڸжûе˹ˡ
ѩأһС鶼Щ¡
ȥʲô
ǣԹԴŵѩػˡ
ǱߵļϸɣǲҪ̽Ǿܣ

Сһһ˷ѩЩΡЩСǡþʱ򲻾裬þʱ־ˡ
̾˿ˡ
˶٣˹һȥɡΪ˱ģֻⱲӵľϢʵ̫ˣһԱûУûԼߣСûˡ
СȻǿ󣬵ʵѾ֤ʵˣǳʵطĺܺúŪС鱣˹˶˼ɽ
Ľڵطǳƽ棬һƬܴܴĺ
Ҫ˵ƬʲôصĵطȻһƬͨĺ
ֱ׵˵ƬκǹǺڰ
Ũľ˵ľ磬˵ƬĲѰˡ
˾ǡ
طѩüǰûм
Ҫ֪ΪСİУ綼˸顣
ΪԼһС©һƬ
ճʵ̫עˡ
ȪЦÿˣ뿪֮󶼻ֻгС⡣
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ѩһʵˡںף
ںס̾˿һռţС鵽ͻᱻ͵˵ڵء
˶٣ֻ㵽ˡ
ѩص˵ͷͷȥ˹ȴôŷŵ˿ڴ
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ϵǣ˹ˮԷǳãѩظûиоٵһĹ˾͵˽ǧ֮¡
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뵽ѩؾ͸оһת
ûпĳһ
ôȻ࣡
ѩش˹Ŀڴʱ򣬾ͷԼΧһһŤȻϵǣЩȴΪƽȣھվЩʵ廯ϡ
ΧһУ½롣
ȻԼ˹Χƺûˣ
ո˵˭ѩض˹ʵ
һС顣˶٣˹һ췢С顣
ѩüأ
ˡ˹Ҳ֪Ķˣһֱڱ䣬뿪ʱ·Ѿʧˡ
ѩһ
˲ԶĿռУһŵܻͬǺˣܵˡ
ôܣüӦŪ˰ɣôܽˣ
ġͬ鲻ţҵҿǾǸࡣ
ȥһֱֳĬ¿ڵ
Ҳһ𡣡¶ŵ
粱ҲҪȥǿһԳ˯ģֿң׻
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ࡣһۿ˹ɫһʹٴδ򿪿ռ뿪
һȡѩغͰ¶ͬʱ
һɴ۾ѩأС飡Ȼˣ
¶ҲüѵһҲ쳶ˣ
ҲѩüƮƮ䵽ǰܾ˵һô𣿡
ԣġ¶һ˵ԼΪʲôҪ
ѩԴһε˵˹ҵԼߣҵᱻ۸Ͱˡ
ԣһҪ˹ɫʱˡ
¶ɣһαƳǰںϽ˵С飿
ȵȣ¶ͻȻڣһ־ϲѩصѩضԲԣ
ֵѩˣô֪ҵ֣
ѵﻹܺͨѶ
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578 

õѩرϵĻشºͰ¶һ漴¶ϲ
ѩأģѩء
ȵȣ᲻ָһһ쳶ƭǣ³ɵ
ǵĻѩزü
¶ȴɴǼ򵥣һ
üɵ˹ϣһ룬ͼһѷС׼˹̫Ѩ
ѩɫһ䣬ŭǻ籡ȴ˹Ŀ°
ģûиоĶ⡣˹
ⱲȻûʲô˫۾ȴ·ܿһһ㣬ֻҪεĶ޷۾
ѩΪİûзȻɫײãºͰ¶Ͻȥİɡ
ͼ¶˻֣һ룬Щγһͨ
ɡ¶ڵ
·ϣ¶ǰãһС˽ˣǶΪ㣬ȴһǱƭˣҲˡ
ѩۣƺûбС顣
ûС¶̲סĵȻûбǣϴûбѹǡ
ϣ
ѩشĥ֡
ܿ죬Ǿ͵Ŀĵˡ
ǾȻһһСˣҺ粷׷һҪѯʣ¶ڵ粣ϽĽѡ
ǡ
粷ԣ¾ʹϽҪ֤Сǲѩء
ԣһ̲סѩһۣȻȥġ
ѩؽ̬УȻƺЩ˶֪ԼԼǶƺҪ
ġģѣ
粺˺ܳʱ䣬ĲЩѵ۾ֻһӣ·һֻһ㡣
ģ쿴Сǲѩأ
⻰ķ·һ͵۾ѩģ
΢ˡ
ǣָѩء
Ŀ۾һӸˣѩأġ
ѩһҲĵģˣۣеԲԲģ˵ʵȻɰƯⳤСоͨġȻСȴѰСе׺
ȥ
һԵ̱ѵˣɵѩߣǰȥ
ѩüͷ֪ΪΣȴûпܣô½Ƶǰ
ˡЩѵسһĨЦݣȻס֡
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ǡʲôѩصɫѿˣüӿܵ
˹ҪǰȴѩĿֹˣֻܼԭضš
ѾǵһμˡĵһֻҲѾǵˣûϵһᶼ㡣һΣֻһθá
ѩԽԽԺ
šͷ󺹣ǴＷһҲû쳶ֻǱԻˡ쳶ͨ࡭
˵һҴϢȻŵ˵нˣôҲڽһĴڡ˾硣
Ƕˣͬʱ򣬾ѾĽ˶ˡ
ѩضˣĽ˲Ľˣ
쳶൫ֲ࣬ͽ˵Ľ塣һ߾ҿԣһߵҲ֪ô£ĽӵԼʶҡƻ̰֮
ֱ˽ˣǲѹȻѾˣҷԼѾ쳶ˡֻҪҵʶһڣ쳶ͻһֱڣܹɽе
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ҵϱֽšĿЦŵԹеĽ˹ȸǣһ⣬ǷˡΨһҵľǵʶõ˱档
ֻн˴תƣ쳶Ľʶܹ壬Ҳܾ澫硣
ڽתƸңѩü
ԡĵͷ㲻õģ¶ǲһһܻ
أѩز㱻Ц
ΪѾɹһˡһƶǳɹһˣֻ쳶вʣֽʱ䵹˵һǰǵʤ֮
ΪʱתѾû˼䣬Ϊڽ˸Ա˼䡣Ȼҵļģ¶ǵļģģģǶļ䡣
˶٣ȻʵҲ쳶ֽš
ѩ²⣬ʱҲ׵ˡ
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579 

ѩ˺ܳʱŽĵĻˡ
ʱĵѾ֮ǰǱˣڴڴ԰׵ϴżǸԲʵڼֲ˶ˡ֮ǰ쳶һŴаԹĺڰͶ뵽˽֮УΪ˽ڰ룬ҷ˺ܴ󹦷򣬵ǡ
ЦʣµаԹҲ㹻ܵˡСаԹûеֵֿܼѾǳˡ
ԣѩȴ֣һССģһ̣İپϵаԹ
ڳһС鶼졣
ϵʹһʧ˴룬¶˸¶
̫ˣѾܾû˯һκþˡ
˯ŵʱںۡ

ѩأһԵ˹üͷСǲǺۣ
ֱֹۣ۵ûУ
ѩر̣˹ôһʣ̲סʼ𶹶ˡ
˹һӻˣۣҡһ޴롣
ѩҡҡͷҪ˵ʲôͻȻɴ۾㿪
Ȼˣ˹ʶͷһ̣һذ׾ʹؿڡ
۶Ӱ¶һ˷ܵɹˣ˹ɱˡ
ôһ𾪵
ǵˣˣϴ쳶Ի˽ǽѩأһԷͽһźڰ˽
Ѿɱ궼ˡ
ұû뿪һֱﰡ۶һ⡣
ɫѿҴˣ뵽ģ쳶ͨôĽԻѾˡ
ѩҪֹͣںϽȥ˹Ȼȴҡҡͷǲǰ
ѩһһ̣ȴѾ˹סˡ
˹ؿڵذһһ壬ɫҲԽԽãʹ֮ɫһһʧ
״ĴһһԵİ۶ȴǷˡ
УһҪôܹأ˵ţȡһѳ߾ͷ˹
֮ǰǴһΣСȻóѡ
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ʱ˹ҲѾָˣߵѩߣڵģҵұߣոռ㲻֣Ҳ˵ġ
ѩ΢΢һüҪִˣҽѧ㲻ô˹ô֪Լ೤ұߵģ
ֻһܣҲؿͱһŷ೤ұߡ
ʱһһţ˵Զѩص
ڣܿƵ߰εض̼㳤ɲ
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ѩؿʼеʹʹ֮ͬǰϵʹ·Ҫ˺һʹࡣ
֪ˣԼĿǰ»޷ںϽ˵ġ
ǡ֪С鲻ףȴû뵽ԼҪСˡ
ϵĻ»ΪԼһԽˡ
תͷȥ˹۵޷εĲź
ѩ֪Լյ㣬ȴǾϢģֻǶ˿ѾûԺˡ
˹Ŀ⣬֪ΪʲôͻȻǳˣʶҪǰȴͻȻû취ˡ
˭ѩҲ˲ԡ
쳶ӰֳĿȴǿ˹һݺݵҪʲô
˹һԻҪʲô
ֻҪߵѩصߡ
ҡЩѵؿڵҪȥѩصߣҪߡ
ǿЦ쳶ϵһŤðƭģֽ͵ҵҵļƻɹʱ򣬾絮ѩΪ࣬ȴѩأϧһҲҪ
㲻Ҫݣ࣬һС顣ϲӦðҽ糹׵ǵ硣ֻӵ
˹һԺ˵Ұѩأ
ҡҡͷҲ̫˼ȴͬĻҺϲѩأҲҪһֱѩһ𣬵ҵֻа꣬ҲΪӵѩһ꣬ȴ¼Ű꣬ǲԵġ
࣬㲻ӦðӦðңҲǵף쳶˻
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580 

˹ԴǶҺõֻһ룬һ裬ǸҺõСȴкööࡣѩҪѾˡ
˼ܼ򵥣ҪС飬ͰС顣
쳶㱻ѩ֮ԼҲҪ𣿡
û뵽Լð۶żصһǰҲûɱ˹û뵽˹ֱéʯͷֳӲô˵˵ͨ
ţ˹ǸɵӣҲ᲻ںԼ
Ҳһʼֽš
ԣֹ˹һѩضüͷ
Ҳ֪˹˵ʲô뷨ֻ֪һѩǰ
˶٣ҿԡ
˵仰̧ѩȥ
һΣ쳶ȴ޷ٴνˡ
״쳶۾ˣҪΪܶɱ֣˹
Լ꣬ɹȴǻһ
ܸģԸģ
Ȼ쳶βģ鶼Ը⿴ķչš
˹֪ԼܹﵽѩأֻƾԼĸоߵѩߣ˫Ҳ֪ô㣬϶ֻ֪Ҫӵеģȥðɡ
ѩ򴽣˹֪Ѿµˣ˹ܹô
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ֻҪ˫øͨ
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̧ͷ˹ĳֿ̹ԼԼûԾİ⣬ûһ㻳ˡ
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֮ǰͬǣѩصϲûκʹ࣬˼滺
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ѩصĿá
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ͻȻڵģ˹ġ
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ŽӽڣǵӰԽԽջ̡졢ɫĸʵ
ѩתͷȥ˹һͷɫͷѾʼ˪ɫӢҲʼµĺۼ
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ѩ΢΢ⱲȻС飬ϡ겢С鰡
Сֻܹɹȴˡ
ԽԽߣߵ߼ʣ֪ܸ²һ
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ѩȴͻȻˣΪʲô˵˹쳶˹ʲôֽţֻҪһͶνˡ
Ϊ࣬˹Ⱳӵѩһֱߡ
ʱ˹Ѿһͷˣ˫۾ɸɾγͬһ㡣
һѩи˵
ЩһֱǸ쳶Ļ뵽ڣĻǶԵġ
Ҷѩأ˶Ů˵ϲ
ϲѩأҪѩسΪҵӡ
޵һ
-

581 

Ϊ࣬˹ʵ̣92꣬Ѿǳˡ
ǼˣѩҲɾ̫̫ˡ
ͷ·ǰһԼŸռһ̣˾ͷֿˡ
⧲ķ·Ǳһϸϸܵţ۵òԣȴӲ
ûвμ˹Ҳûȥѡеļ̳ˣôص˾硣
ѩأҪ˯𣿡
ûϵģٶıˣ˯һͺˡ
ѩް

СذοʵѩһҲûе
ʵϣҲû˯
Сϰó˯ĵĸȴϰߡ
οҲϢ´λмĻᡣ
֮ӣѩƺһƺһæ
СԶôѩصֻǺӣŷ֣ʱҲ磬ִһЩӻĺӣҲࡣС鲻ģǷ·ֱֱֻȥֻʺϸһЩ
ԴˣѩҲΡΨһģʱʱԼ˼˺˵һ˵֪ôֶ˼֡
˵СҲûȥ磬˵Ӵǲһ֪Ȼʵϣ֪Ȼ֪Ȼ鶼ˣǶ벻ôᷢչĵزġ
ѩ˵Ƕ飬٣ǻη֮ġ
ˣѩܹļˡ
ȥ˺ܶܶطСԣûþȥһЩ磬ȥһЩûеǻǻۼС޼硣
ѩȥܶܶ磬Ҳٴ֪ľʳ̶ȡ
һ˵ọ̫̫́羰֪˶ãһǧ꣬Ҳһ꣬ͻȻоЩˡ
˳⣬ص˾磬˳˯
֪ٴһọ́ǡҪɱҲһԽȥ;Ϣˡ
֮
ŭ֪֮ٴο֮̾˿û뵽óȥ
˵ףһ½磬ȫȫȥȫҶصġ
֮ͬǰκһΡһΣԷƺһУΪľһٽҶķ롣
ʵϣɹˣԼҲð˲Сķա
Ϣ۾ڵҪˡ
˼ްһۣʲôû˵
Ҳ֪ϢҪҶһˡҪٲ֣´Ǹ˵ûѡɱ
֮һ֡ǡžϢʧӰް΢΢̾˿
ҵǺڴ˼΢΢Цָоǵƿˡ
ԣްҲЦ⣬㼪԰ɡ
Ҫ˵һλͻȻŶ˵ˣˡ
ްϻһĨ
˼Ҳüͷôҵ
ǼŮ񡣡ԴЩŮ֮ǰ˴ͷ֪Ϊθˣ˹
˭ĵӣ˼ü
˭ȻǰˡްЦһôǵģѵ𣿡
ԼԼھϢԵ϶ǰı񰡡
˼ȻϳȥɣڼŮ񡭡
룬ָⵯһĨ
һ̣ҵļ洫
֪طӦӦǼŮ
̾˿Ų߳
⣬òŮһǵطѾѻԵļŮ񣬿۾һҿԽȥ𣿡
ҡҡͷǳһĨЦǸŭ֮뿪
вмŮӣҲûкͶԷ˺Ƥ
һ£ˮŨıˡģҼҲ⶯ݡ
ͻһЩ֮˿̲֮Уֻŭ֮͸֮ڡ
ԣһգѾ¶Ц⣬ģлл㣡
ȴ֪˼ްй۲һĻ˲ԼͬЩġ
ϢҲģΪ񣬵Ůġ˼
ްҲͷǰҾˣڡ
̾ϢΪ飬ȴҪ˵ϲŭǣǶԱ衣
ˣǺˣҲǻˣ˶ĵġ
䣬ֻҪ뵽ʲôǾûа취þϢһһ¡
Щˣ飬ôԼʸҸʸ˰
ֻǸˣȴֻҪԼԸ⣬ϢӦö簮ô
ͬǷˣҶؿɱ˳۶ˡ
-

582 

ӨϸĹâӸ߿һһ׹£νʪ
ɫľһɢŴ۵Ĺâһſھ޴ҶƬ潦غɫˮ±Խͨ͸
ʱмľͻȻɢһȦһȦâ
һʱ䣬ľʼɪȴֻܲʵر֣ջľ
Ķһӱ㱻ˡ
ܿ죬һŲܿ죬ʮŮŮ˽ȿǰĻ棬ɫѿ
ͼΨһľϣһȭͷĹӣǳĹâɢ
˭ˣŹǴˡ
ģôµˣ
裡
Ӿ͹ȥˣһҲɱˡ
ôô죿
Ҫǿ뽫ľˡ
˵ôµĻ
ô찡
ģһҾҵضҪûˡ
Ҫֽţ
ʲôֽţ
͡㳤
԰
Ҳóɡ

ҶزŸոʶôһϵСЩĻûӦͷ֣ԭԴԴϽڵůˣҲˡ
ԭʮ֮һ
ǵģϱ֮Ѿһһ㽫ڵĥһʹ֮ʱ䡣
ɵһ̣ҲͻȻˣ
ŽŲһһʧҶЩҪ˵żƭ˵ģϾϣܹϢżҲûð񻹴ûеʱ̣ٶҲʲôˡ
̾˿Ȼһ¡
Լ񻹱ž
ô룬ҶؾͷԼ˾硣
ѩأѩأû𣿡һȺСչ
Ҷüô£Ҳڳ˯𣿡
ֳΪʶȪ˳͵ԭȷҰ˵ģҲھ硣Ҹ°׻ѡ˸˯ͻȻһ죬ϿճһУǶӦ˶ˡ
˵̲סЩǶΪһˡ
ЩҶüұо߶ˣ
Ѿһˡ˶٣ȪЩؿѩأôˣôƮģ
һѣҶزŷԼڵ״̬ȷʵЩ죬Ȼһ״̬
üû´ںҪ³ˡ
Ȫһʲô˼
˼ԺžͲСˡ˶٣ѩص˵ãγ֮顣
ģȪһϲѩҪˣ
Ҷص˵ͷȴЩΪ⸱Ӧ
ʱһԵСȴѾ಻סˡ
ûУѩҪˡ
̫ˣСҲ鵮ˡ
ʵϣҶ֮ǰȥȻû࣬ļȴġ
Щ綼ǳãǸЩʶС˵࣬һҲ£˵ԼҪ۸ǵǱ
С鿴пɽˡ
ҶؿڵȱˣҲ֪ԼǷ˽ݣߡûгȵ֮Ҳ֪ܹܲߡ
λиı𣿡
ȪһλӦûиı䣬᰹ûƵĸӦ
Ҷһ漴ôֻܣһʧȥ˽ݣֻΪûгԻܻһһŽݣ³ˣܽתƹȥõڶܱȽϸߣΪȻӦȽ΢ԼȷʵǶԾһĸӦ
ԣȪЩһԵϼڵǻ򵥣᰹ܹѩصĿռ䣬ѩʧȥ˽ĵλҲ᰹İ»ص磬ٴκͽںϡ
£Ȫ˿
ҶԭһᣬȻܿ죬һ֮ͽӾˡ
ȻֻصǸЩƵȴԴԴϵСռС
Ҷ̾˿֪ԼʱڲܳҲֻǳ˯
ҲҺþһӣĻǳǰʱ䣬ܾͻὫƷ衣
ʱһһŹȥҶҲ֪Լ˯˶ãֻ֪ͻȻһ죬ͻȻ˹ʶԼϾҪˡ
ͬʱϸĶԻ洫
Ҫ˰
֪ʲôϣҪ̫ġ
ֻҪսϵУҲָ
Ҫʳ֮ð֮񡭡
û񣬼УҲϵʳˡ

ҶػȥȻĿռȴͻȻ˿⧲֮ȥ
һž޴ĽɫҶӽס˿û̧ͷһ
ģôô֣
-

583 ع

֣
Ҷһ£ͷȥԼ֡ţΪһӤɣôͷСӣֱ۾źһཱུġ
˵ҲǾ֪СӶ
οԼֵĺֻ಻ٰ
ɻҶ̧ͷ˵ˡ
Ȼܵ˾š
˵ʵǰʮŮŮöپǳڣȻܲסǶ̫ˣ
ݵöˡ
˵ˣ췢üۿӢƤ𪣬ͦ촽ҲȻȴǰȥģһӽȧ͹˳ʿҲɰͰ͵ģͷ·ֻʣһƤڹͷϡ
ģ㲻Ϻÿرоʡ
ͷ·𿴵һȺʵļ
ҶһӾͲ˵ˣǣԼȷʵˡ
Ȼͷ֣ԼϾȻǴ·ģɫܵĽɫӣӲһֱףҲ֪ģʲôԭ
Щ˵ı飬ԼģӦǺ
ʱһ˫ͻȻŵԼļϡ
һ𣺡ˣСȥҳԵİɡ
ҶʶסֱߵͷȻֽԼһȥ׳ٹǼܺ׳ʿ
һͷɫĳɫʱʱ׵֡
ҽоʣ֮ĸ񡣡תͷҶصԴҽܵ
ֹǾʣҲһԼְֺ˵Լĸƺֻʣ
ôʶԼǺĴڣڼ໤һģ
Ҷ²ţˡ
ʣֻ֪ҽܣСְ
ǣǺ֪СѾͷְ
ְ֣
Ҷһ棬üͷ˰ҵΪͽСͽعɡ
Ļ䣬ѩؾ;ʲôؿڼͬʱɽһڣʱץסʵͷǾҪһˤȥ
Ȼ֮𣿡ոҽܽг¶ְǷŮ°ͳɵְǲЩԣ
Ҷء׼ȷ˵ӦعЩ˲ȥͻĴ۾һգգؿڳͬ塣
ǲ̫ԡսԴüһ飬ǿĹսƵģȻһģ²̫ܴ򰡡
ô죿Ҫ֪ع󰡡
ʱÿǡʵһҿţ֮ǰ϶û⡣䵣ôɡ
˵һȺʱɥ
ˣȥʳɡ˵Ǻڰ֮īϣȻʱȴһ̾Ϣһ㶼ְͿֲ
عգգ۾ԼⱲȻת飬ôͬƺЩɥ
ʱѾ߳عĳˣƹ񷶥¶عǰǿ߼ʵĽɫء
ܹЩɫ̬Ǳ𿴽ɫޱ޼ʣʵϣЩɫʵһֱڲ࣬ԼͬȻ߸ٶȼ١
״ģȴǰڵһȺ顣
Щٵǵ塣
عǷ֣ôһСĹԼѾոӿЩ鶼մˡ
ٶȣίʵЩֲ
ԾΪ׵һȺعڽɫϣã۵ľɫһ˿һı䶼ûУ̾˿Ѿûҵʳˡ
Ļû˵꣬ʵĽŲͻȻӿ죬֮ǰܵһСͿʼ
عĪȴˡ
ɣҲֻǶܳˡ
Ҳ󲻵ȥ
ȻûþʾڳһƷһĸ飬Ҳͱȼһ㣬ֻɫɫġȻɫҪܶࡣ
ʿں׾ҿ졣
׾һӣգ۵Ĺͱˡ
Ҳ̣ıƤ¶ŴĹݵعǰ԰ɡ
һĿⶼ˹ô˵أҪ˵ǵıǲҲǡȴġ
عЩԥҧһڣ˵ֺóԵģŨڱֻܿԼԵ¡
Ͳѩûھͳˡ
һٻ֪ĶءعԴĵҲ֪ʲôʱܳꡣ
Զܳ𣿡ع̲סʵ
Զ϶ܳ꣬ûжԣҪεڳԶܳ󣬵ȴʱ䣬ٶҲֻСˡ
-

584 һ

𣿡عŵһ飬ӿռһƻ
Ҳ˼ǹģԼͨˣ¶һڳ˵ĵطӦûɡ
ȻͻȻһƻʵ˷׷¶ϲ
򣿡
Ǵóģ
Ȼܱʳ𣿡

Ѿӹعеƻˣеʧⶫ˵ûãôҲ溬̫΢ˡ
ԣҲ׷ù¶˸޼ʧ
Ҷԣٳɶ𣿡عԴʵ
ʿп޵Կɡ
عʵԼⱲһֱֻǸС;Ϣ֮ϱӲ˾ʵ׿ϣ㿪ʼϴӿռȡˮԡ
ƻԵӣٴӳԵ㽶㽶ԵѡǿռζҲҪˡ
ҲҺⱲ飬θǸ޵׶Ҳ
һ첻ͣƻʱûзӦڶһӣʼзӦҲͶ࿴˼ۣһ㽶Щֹˡ
˵죬еѣڰ಻סˡ
Ǹعˮкܶࣿ׾濪ʵ
Ǿǡ
־һͬɻ
ⶫǶУ˵عͷһμǡԭΪعеˮޡ
Ȼڿƺ
ع˵ͷкܶࡣԵô⼸һùĴûгԹ⣬Ҫ֪ռгǧùġ
ڣԴؾüͷܶǶ٣
ع°ͣҳһֱԶԲ
һ˵񶼷Ӧˡ
ģ
ж󣿡
عоǵĶ⣬ʵܴܴ󣬾Ҳ֪󣬷кܶкܶɱ˳ĶϺʣЩС
һ
ģҺüʡ¶ҧָһĽ
ѩ֮΢Ҳ˲סǸˣڵܸҲԵ𣿡
ҲҪ
ҲҪ
Ҫжģ͸ǰɡ

ҲûӰ죬ͷһǰɡ
عȻ⣬ͲһԶأҪȻֻһҲԿҲɵġ
ܿ죬عóһˮָҡ
Ȼʹعһ˳Աɴһԣ˳Ҳû˸عʳ
Ȼ٣ô컹ҵһġ
Щ˭ҵģ󶼻䵽ع
عһʼΪǳָ̣ôһ¡
һ࣬СǴҵΣҪȻһһƶû취ꡣʵ
¶ͷҶôġ
ʮˮعԼϸ첲ϸȳüоͦõġ
ǿҵǲͦһЩ
ҿңҾ϶˵⡣
ҸоԼ˵С

ع²ۣȫǵĴ
ϫΨһ֪֮ģ̾˿ϣ϶ʮʮҲеģĻƾҵòҸڷƱˡ
ڷƱعһᡣ
ûбС鴿Ĺعֻһͯģɻϫոɴ͵һϵְԶǿҪҲֲܿΪҵʳǿν伫
֪һݵİ취ʲô𣿡
عҡҡͷ
Ҹ˻ȢˣȻҲٵԲϵ顣ϾΪܹ֮µҲõϲˡϫһΡ
عһʣ£˳ɹ𣿡
ûСϫնʱȻ˭Ƕ̫ˣݵ˼һܲµǵݣҸɵƭҲװ
ع̲סǳ鴤
ϫȴعཱུ°ͣ˼ڻûҪҪǸ㶨ף
عҡͷҪҪ
ϫһϧҡͷ㰡Ժ֪ˡ
عһ塣
µˮعƵط֣ԼȻһңǣϵȴࡣ
˵ǰȥĻͷŵִ⣬ز꣬Ϊʳĺӡ
ȴһֲ֣·Ԥϵˡ
عʱܵһַĵĿֻţǰԽԽÿݳһ磬ôӣ̫Ҳÿ
Ѿǲÿܹݵˡ
ݳҹ˿Ҫɹģ
-

585 

ѾܲˡعɥԴοδʱ򣬶û֡
һҲûбοô
üʳһֱôٵĻʱôģ
ĥһ£ԼпռףԽԽݣ飬ѲɾͿһͳˣ
мô١ԴؿڵǿЩĻ˵꣬һ
ǿʲôع
ȹʱ֪ˡ¶ص
ع̲ס˸ۡ
Ȼܿ죬ûг¶еĹʱ䣬ѩؾ֪ˡ
ڶ죬һյͻȻͿʼ
عһæֱסʵĲӡ
Ϊ·һֱʷڲϡ
ˣīϣһϲ
ʲô˼
عʳͼϿգһ޴ĿӱȻ󣬱һչ¶ǰ
һ磬Ϊ飬عһӿ˴ϵĽȺд˷ľкͻ
ˣ
Ͻȥ׼Ʒ
ģҪ𣿡
һûмء

һ˲䣬عԼЩ塣
ʲô
תͷȥһͬ塣
׼ɡԴ
һ̣û׼ʾ͵һԾһּΪ˵ٶȳϷ硣
Ҳ
߿ҵķ첻κӰ죬عȴµġ
òᣬԼⱲӵʳɣ
̲סĻŵ
ҪĻǾͲٵˡ
Լö
ŴԽԽعڵͻȻӿûӦɫĹâʹкһ鶼סˡ
״Ҳ¶𾪡
ȻԷؾɢˣ԰
ɱҵǿˡ
عĪʲôã
ȻǵӰ¶˲ֱա
ع⻰Ϲ滰ӦģЩݰɡ
̫ˣһ㡣ѵֻҪִͷžͺˡ
عԣԿ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ʱ˿̣Ҳ⣬ֻǲͬĽɫаɫɫкɫ֮ҵɫ̫һ
غعվĵطһ޴̳
̳·֮Ⱥ׷¹ǽгݡȳݽǾվһεؿһ顣
عգգ۾ͼԴһſ˳ȥд󺰵սܸǿս޲ʤ
ţҲһһ粽վǰ
֮κײ֮غɫ̷ɫδڵ
˱ѩ֮ƶ֮κϺ֮΢ڵ
˹ܸȹĺһа֡𷢽źְȫĳĬ
˷ƹһеķ磬ڱŰһȡ¶һ˵ỹģġ
˸ͷܸ֮Ȳ壬ǿ׳ηҷİ˵һӺء
˺ڰ֮Ȳҹīϣüͷ
˺񣬺֮Ȳ庣Ϸˡϫտڵ
֮Ȳһڵġ
֮ǰҽܵʱûע⣬عȴҵƺһģû´Ļһ϶һĸ
У֪ǲԼĴܾôҵ̨ʡе㲻԰
ôһͷִҵĿⶼ䵽ϡ
ʲô˼
ҲҪ˵
ĵͷ
ع֢ҪˣȻ񾼾Ŀ⣬׻ЭؿڵȻܸ֮ܶԶʹգȻǣǻúŬȵķա
Ļһ϶ûУڵĿȴһӿ˹
ʱعҲע⵽Ⱥǵۡ
εô˵Ĳһ
ûв𣿡
ҵҪҳ궼ûϺӡ
ҾˣҲ֪ҪʲôǺ˾õѡˡ
Ȼ֮񲻴ǰĶǿǡеС

عüһοࡣ
ȻɻֻˣνĿǳʲô
-

586 ֬

ʱһŹȵߵ̳ǰʵụ֪̂λĸϵġ
档Դؿڻشϵġ
ԣһ㶣̳µҲӿ
عȥǵ˽
氥ֻ˵
ƭ˵𣿡
϶ǣôѣ
ɶҪЩǮռˡ

عһͷˮȴѾعֺˣǶһ
Ǽ˵˵ͷȺȻȥʲôˡ
ᣬع̲סˣֱǵҪʲô
ͽһȻ֮ǰʵĻ־ƺ̫ԡ
ԣƺ֪Ӻ˵
˵ɡīϣڵֶ֪
عͷ˵֮ǰļ䣬ûУмҲеġ
ǵģⱲдмģû棬һֳʶӡҲΪʲôġ֪֮鲢ûоϡ档
飬׸һϵǴͽǱȡȴǱĶīϣЩϵ飬ûи飬ԻͽϲŭգҲһЩϵԸжӣὫͽĸ᣻һЩϵر淲˵ġ
ֱӸңһ飬̰ͼͽʲôɡعĻ
īϣȻβ㬵֬
عһ˼飬һԵĳ¶üⲻȻ֬ðֻҪ֬ǻʲô֬ǻ񫻹ʲôð
عĬȻ˵֬ҳꣿ˵ʵЩġ
ܰ¶Ҫöö࣬Ҳû취飬Ǹֻˡ
عüЩˡ֪Ҫǵ֬
֪ϫһȻһô
Ҹ˵һӹЩףڷУǿǺܻӭġϾ翵֬ⶫüţֲǶһ޶زٵĶû˶ٷͲˡ˵һãϵϲЩͷԵĶ˵ƭͽīϣŵ
׾Ҳ̲סǣЩǮŮˣǿϲˡ
ˣҪ˵ˣҪˡδǵ
Сعڷ˵ҪľְΧڸףľ;ܾǧҪǿ
һԵԴҲ˵ûǿҲûãǱϾϵ鲻һĲһ˵󻰣Ҫǻ˿ڱǾ͵òʧˡ
ţҲЩ飬˼Ҳ˾ֱŰɱˡ׾
΢ҪǲҲ˾ͽס˼ҸǶ֪˵ǻ͸޴ӵ֪ˡ
˵Ĺ򣬿ʱ䡭ԣǸ⡭Ҳԣͳ֮Ϊʱɡ
ʱعŷ֣֪ʱ̳ǰѾվһһӣߵͬһ۾ˣѵؿǡϵ֬
һعԼһǰ͸վһӡ
ǰҲ⡣
վǰһ󸹱ŮӣعĿһӴͷˡ
㻳ˣ
ĸӦԷе·ݻ̣عƶ߸ˡ
˵߸µиһܹȻԷʵ̫ˣΪжֻǶ
ԣԭܱ򶨵ͽһӱ㼤ˣˣҡҡҡ
û˵ع˵Ҫ
ŮͽһԭֵģģҪţǻ˺֮ʳԽԽ󣬳ԵԽԽ࣬ҷӦʱѾһˡ
˵ĴͿƲסˣǰ˵úұʲôģңһ֣Ϳʼûϵķ⼷ҡˣҪŶĺӣǺ޲һͷײˡ
˰죬ͽԸʵǼʡ
عԴҪһ֬
ͽ˵ͷ
֮أعʵ
ͽҡͷûˡ
ع˵ͷָڶԷͷһ£һ̣ԷǱһ㣬ۿɼٶȿʼݡ
һӵʱ䣬ԷʹһٽӱһٽŮΪĹϵӦǲֹһٽġ
Էһһӱ޵ŮҲѹֶԷɷĳŵ
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587 Ը

ǰɹԼּɵģع̲סи̾һ
Чʵ̫ˣĵʹ޸ãЧ֬ã˿Ƥɳڡ
̲̾ס˿̫ˣ̱ԼҪúܶࡣ
ȡ˵֬ʲôġϻòʡȻʵϣعʲôоûС
ʵҲ֪˵֬ԣﶼܹ
ȻŮͽٽ֬ŵعһûС˵һоûС
ŮͽȻӼһԼֱۣһһѾӣžԼֿЦ
ʱ򣬺ѾѾȲؼعǰ
£ҴС֣ͬʳ˲ֲݣƫǸӡ
ܿ죬عͷ֣ǰЩӣԸֻмʱݡ
ȻżҲһȽ̰ͽ
ǰ
һͽͬǸӣĿٽϣȻҲݣȴᣬΪ֪᲻ᣬ鶼Ὣ֬ߣ˵Ը
ԴˣعǲɹһĨЦ
˰ʵ̫ˣѵںĽռˣ
ǰЩֻԸͽǳԿˣװ׽͸顣
ʵϣһ˵ͻȻȥһϣһӰ춼ûе
ȻǡЩûҪͽعһЩͷ
˵ͷһŮͽڣͻȻʧȥ֬˵ܵСӰ죬ֹԼʱеĺҲӰ죬ʱһþͻѲҽɥҲǲܣĺ첻㡣
عͷȴǽЩⶼˡ
̰ĵͽҲˣعֽǵϵ߳ˡ
ǣع۲һ󣬷ǵ¶ǸġҶͶ͵Ŀ⡣
˵飬Ŀǰĳͽ棬عãһ׻ᣬǮ˭ҲǷ˭˭Ҳռˡ
ҪǮܶܶǮ̰ĵͽһеؿع
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⣬ҲԺͷ
ԣͽһʧֿڵҪŮˡ
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ҪաͽٴεжʮĶأϣʮջ񡣡
عһ۵ԡ
˵ţָһ㣬ǳ̵ĽûԷĶͷ
һ̣֮ǰһͽͬһ㿪ʼٱݡ
ֻǲͬǰЩݺûκβʵͽͽݺ󲻶ϵشһܵģ
˵죬عǰڲֻˡ
ٲֺԵӡ
ôĻܣعԼǳһģ빫ֵӣһûбݣ
ҪһԼĺӡ΢ֵŮͽһһߵһӣһѾˣǴˡҪʮˣӵԼӵϣԽԽãˡ
ԸعŮͽĶͷ
һ̣ԭð͹£ɫâһĹ룬Լ֮󣬹ʧٴγֵŮͽɫá
ٻУͲõĺˡع
ŮͽԸоԼ˺ܶ࣬ٵʱûĸоһ㶼ûлعĻϵضлһݺ˵Ĳ뿪ˡ
˵ԸʵҲôֻʱݵСȺ壬ֻǼ顢áҵ
ǡãЩعܹġ
ʵС⡱õһ
ֲ֮ԡ
ԭһʧȥ˫ֵͽڰýȫ
عԼֱܸ򵥣Ҳʹ˶ԷԸ
ȴôһֱͱѡ
ǺܷŴڵŴʱڣûпƼչڶ࿿ֵء̺ΪҲȨ׼ˣֻˡ
ᱳ£Щȱ޷˷·ʹԭһ㣬ֹ˿ǣԼԼԼûϣˡ
һ˲䣬عߵͽ˺ö౶ĵͽСһ
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588 ⵰

عôһӰͬ飬뿴һĻ׷¶ο
ǸԼҷˡ
عʱЩ塣
ôһ£˵ʵڡ⡱£һʼȤôʱ;û˼ˡ
䡭رʵǲ󰡡
ôӵ֬Ȼһֶûǰ滹ãѾֿʼˡ
ڣ巳ԴؾͱʾҪ뿪ˡ
뿪عؿŻкܳͽ顣
һȻ齵֮󣬸صĶھϣ˵һ£Ҫ֮ǰһĻһҲܸꡣ
һЦȥ硣
عȻ⣬ǰĻ˵ˣɫһ˲ͬ⣬綼סˡ
һ˲䣬֮˼ӿعԺһڵѾ뷨
һ̣͸о֬˵ӿڡ
ɱ֮ǰһһܿˣôһӣعԼͳ֣Һһ㡣
ǸܵͬĽ϶Ҫ̲ס˵
ˣ߰ɡԴػ˻ֽ֣ع̵Լϣ̳ص档
űһһ׵磬عɻǵʳ
Ҳ㡣׾һֻǿθˡ
ؿعϵոյ̫ƶˣ˻±ϣӺ٣˵֬ԼöѾչһ̶ȣʳﶼḻ磬ǲܳԵþˡ
û¶ŵһЩʳĻ磬˶ŷʣ磬ӭһϵġ磬Ļֱȥ
īϣعҿȡʳĶǶζԼֻܳˮȵʳĻ磬ҸΪ
عһֱûˮ֮ĶΪǲȤΪ⿣
ԼϱӳôˮһʼҲѰʱˣҲϰˡ˲ᣬҲùˮʲôá
˸ո˵ģһֶ͡ʱδڵ
ͣع
δ˵ͷ֮ǲͬģеǳ΢ǸոȥǸеǳŨеѾӽˣ絮ĵǻҲǳǿǵ֬ǶԣһĴڡ
˵̲ס촽Ȼǲˡ
˵ôãֶͿɲÿ춼ϵġһԵѷ˸۵
û΢ҲֶͽǵԸҲôʵֵġ
ʵĻǸ齻ףǶĿûô࣬иġ¶Ҳ
ع̾˿ܾԼⱲӲôֹ۰
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ҪǣֳˣҲˡ
ͷʲôûı䰡
ⷽ棬عҲصѯͬţ֪ҵӡ
Щط֣ҲЩط֣֮ĵ٣Ĺܶ֡ʵ
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īϣڵعְȻԳԿܸܲ֡
Ȼ˵ʵ̫
˭֪һƫƣ˴ܱʲôҲɲɡ
ΪӿＫˣȻżײ磬عҲͬһ顣
Ψһ˰οǣһʱѾʮ֣ĿѾһˡ
һ죬ٴβһΣعоǰЩһ
鷻ˣüŲǺܸȤӡ
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ǽ׳¶̼ҺͿ˲һЩȺ
νȺЩǿ󣬾ֻһ֮ǿȺ
عֵǲȥ𣿡
ȥȻҪȥȻ˵׾ȴǴŹǷȻԴ˲ǺܸȤ
ɻīϣ͵鷻ﵹкܶöһòϣõϵģҲ𡣡
ûǮعգգ۾
㲻Ϊ֮Ľ׻ҪǮɣ¶̾˿Ҫ鱦ʲô׾Ҫⷽ棬Ƕ⵰
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589 α

ع΢΢ü鷻𣿡
϶Уǡīϣֵ̯̯𰡡
عͨûʲôعʵ
ţ飬ӦҲͨûҵġ
֣һᾧ˵ţָһ㣬һָ״СɫᾧⶫģһֻһЩȽĻｻײŻõᾧһ֡
˰һ͸׵Բӣǿ󾧣ֵǮģ͸ϻɫɫĺ쾧Լɫİ׾
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ʽ͸ݸҪΪôһȥҲڡ
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һĻɵˡ
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عգգ۾һĪ
Դһصһϵóƻ֮ǰعͽ֫;ˣڸǡ
عǰδеء
عЩڣ̲סʵôˣ
Դҡҡͷһ¡
һۣع׵ζ
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عŵֲ꣬۾ˡ
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عʵ𣿡
ǡ˶٣ʻشֵļ۸Ӹ߲£֮ǰᾧûһһ֡
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֮ǰҲһᾧ˽»һ£ôᾧԼһܹš
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Ҫ˵ûκθӦƭ˵ġ
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Ӧǣ㿴Ƕݡ
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˵Сĵ㣬˽²һ¾ͺˣҪǱһȻ˳α񣬵˼ҵսҲһһģǿ

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ع⻰ôҷŭԣɫûһ¡
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ʵϣ֮൱һԴܹԴԴϵزȻʵǣҪǿʮа˾Ż֮ǰΪݽ߶
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£֮ٸɡԴؿڵ
عȻɺ棬Ҳ֪ԷȻ˵ˣͲᷴڣû׷ʡ
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590 

ع룬鷻ƷˣһЩĵرȻ׶ͶǿߣЩŵرȿ֪֮⣬ܿؼ͸ף˵ĶҪô֮ǰ˼ҵ֮ҪôѰ
ӵеĶ඼鿴ϵġ
ԥ£ʵҽ𣿡
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ع˵ͷǵģ𣿡
¶üȷ㣿Ĺ˿ͿɲͨˣҪɲ٣òʧ
عһ¾ϢԼ˵£ڵܸ˿ϴֱ꣬ܲᾧ
Ϣ˵Ĺϴ跥ͬʱ궼ϴһڷ˶Ȼ˲ãôʵôԡԾͲˣȻǿ󣬵ҪôˣһˣҪܳʱܽųȥҪˣǾ͸鷳ˣһСľͻıʡȷԭƿغڰжһ˿Ӱ϶ܴ󣬲ᱻţ鱾ʵҲ޷д
ĹڲϵǾɣԽҪ֪֮ˣԽϵԽ޷ֵġ
Ϣ˵òҪչ¶뵽ľˡ
˵ϴӡꣿδһ𾪵𣿡
عͷϵ廹꣬Ҷܹ
δ˵ȶһԣ벻Уعûأɲô˷
Ҫ˵㵱ȻᾧգȫʨӴ󿪿ڡ׾濪ڵȱ֮Ҳ
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ûǲ̫ߵˣʵǸûѡⱲӵĿʵЩˣò취ıԼĴ
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عҪԼдģȻǵδ꣬ӵǾдģĹճһġҽ֣ļȴҪӴܹ֪ģ⡣
ܿע⵽Сӣһʼй˿鿴黹ΪԼˣ鿴鷢ûǴǾ졣
ŲţҪ˵
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ڿ֣ϾģҲۣһСȴǶ˼
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ܿ죬СӾӭ˵һˡ
һνСŮݾȴ䣬źɫĶ̷ɫһߴһ߿ڵʲôʱһҲҽҩְˣ
þòҹ񡣡ʾȻʶԷġ
ҹ˸۵㻹ûлشҵء
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ع˵ͷȻȵҪʩΪʱΪˡ
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̫󣿡һ㶣漴Ҳû£ֻҪ˲˵˾ˡ
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һ̣һѾ޽Ʋɵ֮˰εض𣬲̼䣬޴ھס鷻Ϊ̫ˣûڹߡ
ŨȻϢûӶҫ۵Ľɫһۿȥ֮˾η˰
ҹ񵹳һȴͻȻʽġ
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591 ζ

ع¶Ρ
Ȼ֪ʵ˼ʵϣȷʵҲܡ
ͬǰϴˢ֮ҲѾʵĽ
֮ȵģٻģҲѾܹˡ
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֤ݾǣعԼƤЩû´͸ոôһ£Լٵ⣡
֪Ҳ̲סĸη
ٻĵľˡ
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һ㶣Ȼܿ鷴Ӧ˹
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ҪǾ̫ˡ
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ԣعȴЩΪšҪɡ
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592 Ȼ

ϰ壿
عڵ׷׿ԷλҲһλ顣
񣿡Դü
ÿ˼ЦˣǿԽҰ񡣡Це
ͳʵһ˼ֻϵͬƺҲͬҲãҲãʲôټ飬ˣҶϰǰӸš
ϾΪ飬ǲ⽫߱˵ġ
Ըһʽ𣿡¶ȴǿʵ
һ㶡
¶ڵһ顣
ԽһתеĽʲôˣҪֱӾܾģ߾ͱˣǽ׳ˣܽʳĵĻԴ𣿡
ովֵһʳʵ̫ˣԭֻǾ㹻ʣƷҲڣ⿵ļ϶һڶļ
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ΪȻΪר˵ʵô˵ڲְУԼվǶļ
ȻˣҲû÷·ƮƮȻļ
֪֮Լĳղһӵ죬ǵһĲ˵϶ʳġ
Ȼ֮ÿһ̲˶һԼҲ֤ʵԼĲ롣
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óһʱ˵۾
ȴǻعˣ˵ЩʳԴ򣿡
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عһһԵľһشˣȻɡ
УĶƺְһţҲ⣬ҹΪûгֵڶҹ˴ұһֱֱӳƺΪҹ
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ˣعͲţֱ˳ƺȻͺˡ
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ڿ֮ǰͬģǮƵʱˣ㲻ʳĵˡΪ˱ģҪ鲻ͬڷˣҪͣЪҪĻԼռĳٶҲ
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ΣԼһûõĻԴϢôƺЩعڵҪĻżҹʳġ
˶٣һҽһΣһڶԡ
ԣʱЦˣȻԼԤ̫̫ˣҲʤޡ
Դ¥Ȼ޷⣬ȴ㹻ˡ
䣬ȫЩʳ顣
Ӿ¥뻹еѣҲûжͻȥͷˡ
ǻԭЩɢȺ̱
޶ãֱӽķ˸˳
ͬعǵвûʱͿûУýȥʱʲôóʱʲôζһ㶼ûдۡ
ѳ꣬һо
ǵǶ棬ϧ̫Сˣô˸¡
ع˿ƣǴưɡ
ûҲǵһθˣϾʱʵ̫ˣԼҵӸͲС
һʮһƾ֣һǸճЩ˯ѣԼİ΢
պãҲǶ˿ƲôȤ
-

593 ϲ

عڴ򶷵ʱİ΢Ѿóһֻ𵥻Ϸˡ
鷻ûĻǶʵϲԼ
ϣҲûŲطҪôֱӴ̣ҪôֱӾͲ˯ˣ˯ҲǱġ
ǲŲطɬ鷻Ŀջһס
ع֪Щڣ֪Դ¥ʱӦһʳĸģҲðס޷Ѹ׬
ٻȥҰҲʺˡ
Ȼ˭֪һϵ⵰֪һ£ǵһ¡
죬ǳȥʳǻ˿˻ߴ齫
ᣬѾҹȥˣҹĹȴʼûж
ûһ£ʱʵѾ˺ܴı仯ˡͬԭӰ˵ɫ벻ϸĻֻܿɫˡ
һ㣬ΧȺڵû˶عɡ
ҹҪˡأعͻȻôһ䡣
һ˲䣬˵Ŀⶼ˹롣
عе˿˹ȥȻϵĹâʼ˸ȵߵһ״ͻȻ˲Ϣɽɫʧ
ҹӰʱҲǰ
!֪˭̲ס˿
֮󣬴˷ĳ
ҲˣҹѾȫˣǸ񣬵ȴ˺ܴĸı䣬Ҳˡ
Ҫ˵ԭҹݣŵдžǶʮҵŮģȻڡԸˣĸ͹£վѾԵĳŮζ
òڶʮҡ
Ҫ֪Ȼ˥ϣǵǲܴʲô
Щϲά״̬Ǿһֱ״̬ЩϲԶģҲɡ
ȻָЩʵѾһ׶ε顣
飬ҹĽ׶Ρ
һ˵òʮҵʱܹ任òˡ
ҹò죬ֻһܡʵǿˡ
ô£ϴѵǿʵ𣿡ΧȺ̲סʵ
ҹҲһؿع
ʵϣ֮ǰвûϴꡪȻĳּΪѵÿĵرҲû˵ǿʵ
عᾧǴҹϴģССҲʮˣɲ˷ѡ
ܼ򵥰عЩ͵ؿҹ񣬡ˣ֪ʵ޷£Ҳһֱûзǲǣ
ҹ˵ͷ漴һ㶣ѵ
عͷȻֹһ̶ȵŻ壬ЩǱҲпⷽء
ԣΧȺڸˡ
˵ģܵŻ壿һš
尡Ҳ塣֮䣬˵Ҳ츳ߵ͵ĲȻȴʼûŪֲôɵġϾҵ嶼Ѿ˲
ΪвˣҲԭ
ҲƵķ
ȴ˵ܵŻ壿
ǰŲšǵɣعں
ҹ۸Ӧһ۾һϲģȻ֪ﱻˣܸоתԲˣʱٶҲˡ
ԣΧȺһȻ
ع̹֮ǰҹµǴᾧǰ˻εҵˣûɣ
ҹæҡͷЩֹȴվû˵ʲô
ԭҪ緽ʽҪԷᾧһԷ壬ʶԷδꡣԼ;ʱн飬Ҫȫͨ϶Է㲻˵ʲôˡ
ҲҪϴ꣡ʱһȺ˳ݳһװᾧĴӵᾧ
ȵȣعڸļˣϴ廹ϴ궼ʱ㣬һʱǧᾧŲۣ
㣡Էһ¶ŭɫ˵õļ۸ôܳ
˭ˣع˸۵Ǹҹ˵õļ۸ʲôʱ˵ü۸ˣ
֮ǰû飬Գ˿ҲֻϵùܲҵɵһֱԿɣ
Է¶ŭһվعľʵ񣬵׻ŭͷֻʮᾧ㿴
һʱҪǧᾧĻʮʱᾧʮᾧҲֻĸʱʱ䡣
ԼԼ֪ԼõʱƲҹ٣ᾧҪ
-

594 ƻ

عһۣҡͷС
ΪʲôڷݼŤˡ
عΪһҪ˰ɣ
һΧȺڷ׷׻Ȼ
ô˵ģ
ǣ鿴źúõİ
԰ҿϢҲƽȣǺ̵ӡ

ԷʶţΧȺڵĻ֮¶ŭɫˡ
ʵҲؿعΪʲô˵
ع򴽣˲ֹһֶһˡҲȷЩڽӴ᲻ӣ֪ˡ
Ϣ˵ĹȻãҪСķɣغˣҪùȥӴܹߵֿٻһЩˡ
ϢϢأкܴĿǣġ
ԣʵ¶㵡
ô֪ģ¶Сʵ
һͿó¶һȻ
ôδԽֶ۾Ҳһ̶˱죬ԭֻܿ˵ꡣ
һӣҲ֪ǲǵ˹ҲܹһЩεĶ
ȻӰ죬ǾͲ⡣ʸɴ
عǸõû˵ģܾǸغ飬ܿ˿ӿ˹
Ӹǵķ
ʱȻѾĬع֮ǰļ۸ġ
ЦķüŪ۵ǿͨķݣҲɣ
ʲôģһ¡ع°͵
ܼһһ㶣˿Ҳˡ
Ȼˡع˸ǷһǧһһҲû⣬ӦоС
һڹ˿ͿĿ˼𾪣֮ǰһֱֻҹǻ
ҲãʡŶӡ
Ǻܿ죬ſھͶ룬عβˣᾧء
ŵ㡣ʿĽֵģЩᾧȷܹ𣿡
ܣܡ˶٣ع̧ͷѵǲ𣿡
һۣ漴ҡҡͷ
¶ǶֻܹնӦԵᾧ
عһӦĹϵҾʲôԵᾧա
ǾͺãһЩҲÿꡣԴؿڵ
֪ǲعĴܾãԴ˵仰ʱЩС
εĹ˿Ͳⶼҹأʮһʱʹӹгˣعٴջǧᾧ
Ǯ֮ĥŻˡ
ǲЩˣ
¶ҡͷͺܺã㲻ɶҪ˷ᾧ
عҲʺǵᾧգҶܾˡ
ǵ˵عûоܾʲôҪá
ع˵ͨҲû˷ѿˮ
˵ᾧȷʵÿ죬һ죬عͣЪᾧɹϴ˶ʮ֡
ٶȣʵ񿴵οѣعԼҲ⡣
ʱ䣬عյĿҲһһ죬ѾյֵᾧҲѾϰˣ˵ſڵĹϰٸ
Ԥһ⣬׬ǧӦò⡣
ʱعҪᾧ˵϶ǹˣ´ٰ࣬ᾧͬգǱҲپܾˡ
Ҳû뵽Լһ컹۵ᾧᾧȻʱ¶ıȴǽһƻá
΢عԴعĸˡ
֪Ͳعӳָˡīϣһڡ
ȻعĿֱֱؿ˹
īϣһ㶣ʶԼ˵ʲôʱ¶ڨڨ
عûôҲǵѡ
һգֳ߸ˣعٴյһٶᾧѾڹˡ
̧ͷŽʣµĶʮ룬ڵƵЩߵҲˡ
Ȼ鷻ҲвٷĶǿߣعȴֻ飬ڶǿ߶ԣᾧɲʲôôֵĶ
ʵԶһͬ鷻е˾ͲҪϴˣʣµ˶Ǹ˵ġ
ü鷻̫СˣȵԺ󣬵˸鷻׬öˡ׾氲ο
Ȼ춼ûµĹ˿š
ȵһ˿ʹӹ߳ˣع˽˵̵𣬾ʹ뿪ˡ
ͷᾧһʾ޿˷Ӧ֮ǰΪá
Ļܾ߲ˡ
-

595 Ƚ

ȻǶٿ죬סȥ·
Ŀȴع׬ֵᾧˡ
㣡عһ۱ϳǰ飬ǵǸϴжֶغ顣
ʲôüͷһ壬
Էһع֪ġ
عЦһûǮҪ԰𣿡
Ƚ񣡡ȴʱΧȺϳֻ·
Ƚ˵ǸȽ񣿡
ĸȽ񰡣û˵㿪ʵ
û˵֮ǰˣ˵ڵ⣬ҪĿȥᣬ˺ܶˣ˵Ѿʧüˣôֳˣ
ôһ˵ҵǸСŮĻˣҪǱĶغǲ̫ŵģȽǺпܣϾ̫ˡ
Ƚž𣿡
ǣԼġԭǽ񡭡ŶеĵطΪ򱦲ʲôġ
ʵǿ𣿡
ȻǿҪȻô飬ҲֻĶغ䣬ֱˡ

ΧȺڵۣعüͷ
¡ʽԼϷƵ˳¶ߡ۵ܣһϵ飬ûµġ
عȴôֹۣĲ˵ҪĶУûУʵ϶ҪܵӰ졣
Ȼ˵ʲôѾߵȽǰ
㡣
ȽüͷʵϣĺͶԷֻ֣ϣܹȶԷΪԼƣȻ
һҲ˵˵սǿҲ֪û˲ôǷ
ȻԷҪǾû취ˡ
ţһӣĿĽĽɫӿŵĽˮٸȽϣż̵׽ڴͬʱҲһ̵ĳ
ģ͵зˣȻعȴЦ
ĵˣ͸һֻһ޴ְ
ô룬ͼִԼ̳һѴӡǰѴɫģҲûʲô·Щ˵ġ
ȻʵѴӵʱɫ׵ڴžԾÿ˦һ´ӣǴӾʹһ֣׵ҲԽֲܼ
ʶˡ¶С
ǱġԴĿɨЩΧȺڵǲúһǵȻе÷ˡ
ҵӣƺһҲģ
عգգ۾Щ⡣
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ȷ߾еľ޴ûκλΣô͵ȥ
¡¡
һһ𣬰ųԭƽĵѾдʯ˿ʹΧȺڲòˡ
ˣսٳˣҲˡʶ˶󣬿ѾƯеȽ
ʵϣܹɵԣԵĴȻ޷Ӱ쵽ǵġ
ٴθ߾پ޴ȻȽȥ
ǣеĴͻأر䳤ȽӦʱ򣬾޴Ѿؿҹˣۼű޿ɱܣòеĳ赲
Ȼ
ϡ䡪
Ϊ֮Ҳ֪ʵжȽ⧲֮䣬ôҽ˵
ע⣬ҡˡ
Ƚһû֮Ȼȴûһ̶ֳ֮ȵġ
䡭ʸոһû
Ҳ˵Ǿûκӡ
ǡεȵĿ£
ȽһݣǰѾȫȻۼѾ׷һâ˻ˮ˵档
ʵĶҲ֮ѾУеĴӱԭĴСһ˦ͶȽȥ
Ϊ׵ļӳ֣ǰѴӵٶʵ̫ˣ쵽Ƚ񲻵ò֧˷֡
Ȼǲ죬ȻûУȴҵ˶ܿƵȥ
˾ֵǣͷһۼžһѴӵŵ㡣
عȴЩˡ
ֻڴϸ
ǵȻˡ¶ʲôô˷ѣ
عЩᣬҪ֪ǸȽȫ¶סˣǾʣ˴ϸԼǶûС
ûйϵ𣿡ЩĵǾʱǸȽ񹥻
û£һȽǿߣԾʵٶȣǸɳ͹īϣ
ϫǵôǿȻҲܹͨġ
ʵٶȺܿ죿عֵٶ֮񰡡
ǲǷϻʲôܹ磿
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596 ŵ

ԣ¶ˣѵܿ磿
ǲһīϣĿͷĿ¡
¶ʱɥ˵е
عҲˣĿѸĿ죬ȴҶ⡣
̸ʱսϵѾ˱仯
ۼԼٲΪҪԷˣȽҧҧһ̣է֣צĺɫѸشʡ
һٶ˹ȥȻһ̣ɫĴǼת׷׳һŴݵͣҧ
һΣȴûж㣬󲻶ϷתĴпʼתȦԽתԽ죬Щϣһʱ䣬ЩǱ㱻ϵ׵˺ǵ罹ηۡ
ôһ϶ȽȴѾЩת˷򣬱ܹ˾ʵĹΧ
һϵ飬ǡ鴫˵仰ʱ鸴Ӽˡ
ЩڣçײȻںҲѾˡ
˵˵
һ̣еĴٴαŴӵһ۽ǣһԳơ
ȽʱԴ
Ȼͼ̧ڵһ壬һ̣˱ͬһ˳ȥȽ׵ľ룬͵ؽеĴӳ˳ȥһ˲䣬׵ԴΪģ׵绯Ƚ˽ȥ
Ƚûг룬Ȼһ·ϳһͻᷢ־ʾվ
Σɲ֮
ôذһ£Ƚ񼴱㴩ףҲסϾǽģ˭֪磬οǴűԴ׵硣
òײһ׵緶Χ˳Ƚ۵³һѪ
ǿڽɫвŴɫѪΧȺڷ׷׻Ȼ
ģ쿴ѪȻжˣ
ȡԼĴӣԴ˵ôôɣԭʵΪжˡ
죡ȽǵѪݺݵˣΪһһα񣿡
ƣȴһƽֻ̫˵ˣ֪𣿡
Ȼ׾ȴСعˣսʱα˵¡
¶ͷ˵˵α񣬵ȴܽҵǿ󡣡
˵Ļδ䣬ͼϣʿʼϵð׵磬գ۵ĹͳΪһҫ۵޷ֱӵ׵硣
Ȼݡ
˶ûзӦһ̣ѾվȽǰϵ׵ʾֻʣ֣Ѿ׵š
ֻϣ˿ץһŲԾĽɫš
ȽһŵؿԼؿڣһƶ׶û⣬źɫѪôεδ䡣
Ǹ棬·𱻶һ㡣
ôܡ
һ仰û˵꣬Ƚ͵ȥ
ʱΧȺڷ·ŷӦһ˼
ģոշʲôǿ𣿡
Ҳûعʱ͡
ȻֱֽȽ˳
ǰһֱΪ˵һϵսǿΪûŵ˵ˡ
Ҹ뷨

ߣȴһյؿеԭܼ򵥣Ȼ价ƣû취á
ôˣ¶˶һգعʵ
ǿ񰡣ôͱˡԴϵԱ
عܾĻû˵꣬
ҲûϵҿԾ֮ǰȽڣò׼ʲô
ȴǸӦˣϵȻ񶾣ԼӦӰ첻
ҲǲЩģҪǵǣԼ
ϾЩر꣬û겻Ӱ죬ΪԼһܾͰԼˡ
ģԣԴأ۾Ҳ׷ˡ
ع˵ͷġ
ǻȥɡ˵ţֱӽսԼ
һΣȴûˡ
ֱص棬ع˿Ҳʱŷ־ͻȻһࡣ
Ƥˡ
û¡ȣԴû취ģսҪǿȽ񲹳ģǲʱû𡣡
ǡһԵĳ¶ҲҺ⼸Ǹ˺ܶᾧҪȻӡ
ع°ͣͻȻڵܾãǺʲô¡
ԣʱһ㶡
ȻعԤϵǣǲûнƱ磬Ҳûб̸ܶ
Դ̾˿㣬ʱʺϸ㡣ȵˣͶ㡣
ģعȷϵ
ôᾧԼʱ䲻ˡ
ġԴ֣ص
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597 ֮

ᾧ֮عͲôȥˡ
鷻ʱӦҲϴһģôû뵽ʱعЩա
ǲá˶٣ʾ͵ԴǼҪģҸ׾滹ϫնá
ûа𣿡عȵ
˻ͨʱȥͲôŪˡ
Уǲ𣿱ҪʵǰͲʵҪٽءϾһĵþ͸ˡ̾˿
Դǡعüͷ
ϵ̫ˣѾʵЩӰˡʵ
ô˵δ͵£⣬˵鷻ڣҲܽƣĻ̫Σˡ
ԣعȻԾźҲ˵ʲôˡ
˵ʱһ˴棬ûаȫС
Եˣ絽飬ǶԼʵģҲԴ
㲻ٻ𣿡¶ʵƵĻǾûк֮ˡ
ǣʵ⣬ĻԵȿԼŲ˵ȫҲߣϾԼδڵ
عȴҡͷУٻ֮鷻ˣޱûôա
Ļǡīϣ
˵氲ȫأûãв֮͵ˡ
һ죬ڽعս̶ȼġ
ţʱʱ˵һԼĿСɡ
˵ⷽ棬һϵ黹Ǿ
ʱϿͻȻоҵĻζعһֱӦòײ˿ռ䡣
Ȼüͷһпˡ
һǷǳ˽ܵĵطûе룬ǲкݷõģ֮ǰȽ߲ơ
û˻ŵǲġ
Ȼϵǡ
彧¶һ㵵ؿƿռˡ
һ飬òǿڵģ俴Ŷʮͷۿȥ͸һָɾ͸ĸо
ع𾪵ǣ¶ǶԷ
ǻ֪˵
¶Ϊ彧¶ϲ漴Щ۵ôôݣ
һ仰ع;֮䲻򵥣ом飡
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¶򴽵˵ˣʺϡ
عȥȴ뿪ˡ
Ǻú̸ǾͲˡ뿪֮ǰԴôһ仰
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ԣȴһ˵˭
Ǹ彧عظ
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عһû
ҡͷ
īϣһô£ܵػ𣿳ͬ壬Լȥ飬ӦԶ޷֪ġ
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Դü˭˵ȥ֪Ȼ֪ʲôһ֪عԻΣա
˵֪ȻͶˣʲôĲҪ̫㡣
ȷ²ᣬīϣع˵彧ͳ¶֮ľ
֪ģһϵ鶼ϣܹҵһڷƱÿǵˮƽܹݵʱ򣬾ͻȥɫ󡣡
ع̲ס˳ǣƭɡ
īϣ֪뷨˵¶ʶˮѾ̸ۼˣŷ֡Ȼ¶ݣǴȴҲǿۡ
ʲô˼عһ⡣
ѵǸ彧Ҳ⣿
īϣЩεˮһϵ鰡
һϵ飿ع⡣
һϵԵ鲻ͬȻӦǳǿ󣬵ǡǻܵôġһԵϫս͵һϵܵǻܵΪǿá
عԴԡ
¶ûӰˮܵȻҪӵģȻòϣ£Ȼٸˮɰˡīϣ
عЩѽ⣬ǡ¶ãȫȫƭ飬һ鶼ģ
ԣīϣĬ˼ӣȻŵ᲻ãΣܴܲһӡ
عܾãīϣȻƽȴ̫̫ıˡ
-

598 쵰

Ȼкܶ棬īϣȴعʲȥˡ
룬ϫ֮ǰôڴ˵ҪһڷƱʵǲҲīϣһˣ
ǿԵĻ˭Ըȥƭ飿
֪ʵԼû˻ȥˡ
ķǳǴǱʶﶼұʶȥ˺Լˡ
ȻУһϵ飬Ĵڡ
عƺһ𣬵ʵǷǳģعδ꣬ҶԼ
ȻʱǶԼС
¶Ǳ£ԶԼعȻȥ˾ʵ
ԭΪôˣҲûʲôͷȴû뵽
Ρ롭ع϶Խе˽ģǰ˵һҲΪˡ
ҷҲرУʣ͸Щɣƫƫ񷶥̨ϵĻƶ׵޸ӣһ࣬͸
󣬾Լˡϲʿο
ع۾һ죿þʱ׼Ǹʦ
ҲᣬҲáع¶ɻ󣬾ʽ͵һ꣬ͻԶ
ô棿
عһ档
ܿ죬ͷ֣ʵǺãȴЩӲ
һļҾֺ׾Ӵªĺϳɰģյġ
ʵôһ
عҪ⻯һ׺ʵļҾߣȻȴֹˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôѾ׬ôᾧҿԤԺ׬Ҳ¡
ǣڣϵѹԼǣûٹ֡
ϣ˿ɡ
عҪ¾ǸϽ꣬ʱ䶼ᾧˡ
ˣڵһ鷻֮ǰһҪꡣ
ͬǸģԼֱóһ췭ظı仯
ѾϰǿҲ޷Ӧ˱ˡ
һ죬ԼߣԼһ־һˣܡ֪ΪʲôԼȻݣȴʼƫݡ
ûһӣݵġ
أֻʮӡ
ʣµᾧͻȻ޴ĺԶ
عһ˲ϴЬͷɱ˳ȥ
Ѿˣɫ
ǡ¶عЩľĿԶ߿ŰĿˮ
֪¶Ƿ񣬵ȴǵһοʹģ
񱩹壬һҲ޷ǸЩɥЩȵĳ¶ϵһ
ʵ˵ͷһġ
عĬȻΪܹ鸴ȼء
²ɰ£ҲǿһİɣΪʲôҪ
ԣʵıм־죬漴Цˣ㻹Ǹء
Ȼ˵׻ǽ͵ǰ£˭ȫԼĺ󱳽ˣǰ£֮Զһַ
鰡ϵůȴԸðա
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599 ֮

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ΨһҪ˵ʲôӰĻžıȽϴɡ
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Ⱳӵ߲172Щֻ꣬92ûư١
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Щ⣬ع֪ԼˣϾҲ֪Լܳ٣Ȼһ̣ȴͻȻõһͻȻӿһӾʧȥʶ
֪˶ã۾ͷԼԼ괦
ڻѩصʱͲֹһùԼꡣ
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ÿֻǡعʵҵĴҵǶ󡣡
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600 

ϵǣԴǴعĳء
ֻͬһýľʱ˿̣Ѿʮýľˡعһ۾ϳǿýľΪߡ󣬹âҲҫۡ
Դ̾˿̧ǰȥ
عǣ˽ľŷֺһżһĵط
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ԴһֱܳĬعԭ뿪˵оղԣͰѵĻȥ
ߵĵαȽϸӣƵģһڳˡ
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601 Ұ

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ع۾ܳ¶Ӱ죬ⱲϲԵġ
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602 յ

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תͷعҸ˵ǧҪѧīϣʱҲﲻȥ׷ôһ޵ס

عһīϣһҲޡϫռȻô˵Ӧġ
̸ʲôõģīϣƲƲ죬Ըġ
ϫһ漴ЩȻôˣܱȻһӻͷҲǿ
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603 ʧ

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΢ģȴϲÿعȥ԰ɢ
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604 ţǼ

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꣬ԣвͬҾˡ
Ұ۾΢΢һ
ԣȲ˵ձŸײı﷢ëҰ̵˼ô˵һǵ̫Сˡ˼ô˵ôˣ˵׼˼ҼǺߣСﲻ˼ĸĹײ˵ء㲻˵˼ҲŸճ𡣡
֪ѵģ֮һֱ»Ĺײģ治ʲô񱡣ֻǵˮڽ»ɱ˵Ӱ˽»ʣµǵ񶼸ˣֻܽ»ʬߡĲ
ҰƱ˵ˣʵôġ
Ҹʵİ£񵱳»һҪжֻٰҪ־ͬϾСǣģԲ氮ȥ˺ȫԼӡ
Ϊһ׵飬Ȼ뿪ǧˣȴûҵʵİ¡
ʵûҵʺϵŮкüҲ˼ҿԼǡ֪ΪʲôȥǸ
ǸֻҪʾˣȴ׷ҲʲôĶ
ֱǸһϵŮ
治ÿ¶һϵʵֻݶѡһˣ˾ͻŮ˵ò
ԭŮζῴġ
ϵǣһӣ;Լķ·Ǳȡһ㡣
ӴٲԼˡ
ڣҲԷǺʵİѡȴˡ
ԣȰΣȽӴһ¶ԷΪá˵ԼĺҲ⣬ǰҲû˰һϵ飬ǶڶԷ̬״̬¡
Ұ񡭡ȴǾôһɰͰ͵СѾͷ
һһ
ˡԣ˵Ե£ϿʼѾ͵͵ˣҵ⣬ҪףҪ𣿡
鷻֮˵ѪϾѡ˭Ҫ鷻֮ġ
ȻȴҲû鷻֮ʼǰų켺
һ仰ĸȽоģȰ˸ɵ
ˣΪʲô˵ˣյ𺯵򶼻ɳ棿
Ұȴǵһʱ뵽ع򴽵ˣ¡
ȵ˵ڶ죬ԣ֪ԼҺѿеʲô¡
Ȼһϵ鱳ֻҪ˭ж⣬ĵİ˸ɵˡ
ˣɴ۾һϵսǳģҪһ٣
ҰЩһǸǲǵһβμ𣿡ûз
ûˡԣ޺޵
һߣعҲ֪鷻֮˽µİӿϢԴȻ
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605 ǧ鷻

ûϮȻ𣿡һȵؿع
عҡҡͷһϵ鷻֮ûнԴҶûаҷɡ
ȻúɣҲûж룬ֻǵҲǺ¡
˵Ȼعӵзʸ񣬵ĳΪ
Ǳģһϵ黹Ƿǳ˽ġѵʱжɲͲعǿȥ
ˣ˵𣿺Ұղμһ磬һûϡһ˷ܵμǳŮûһǼżģ֪ģӣѩ崺жս񡣡
īϣ۾ɴˣ۹ö߰ӣѩ崺ͶսЩɶǳǿƯûʲôԸϲŮ
˭֪С˵Ұĸᣬϲ»ŮſŮ񡣡
ļٵģ¶һ㵣û彧˵
īϣ죬¶Ҳ֪Ծ͵£ҰҲ˵ɣ϶ġ
һߵعɫϱãĲֻԼ֪
ɣѵϢⱲǸĸ᣿
鷻ˣ
ͻȻ֪ﴫһ󺰡
ȥʶ˵عվ
߳յͿ鷻Ŀռʱ
عûӦһˢһ룬Ӱʧˡ
һĻ񲻶࣬˾ʵ˺ԼעһֱϵĺҰ񣬾û񿴵ˡ
ô£鷻֮ôʧˣ
Ѿѡз𣿡
ôܣ
˿˭ˣ

ۣʵ˶һۣǲ˼顣
عѡˣϫʵ
ǵġ鸴Ӽˡ
ҲΪѡģ˵ְеĴԷǳֹһյ𺯣ȴһζûΪʱˣ˵ͬ壬ԼҲԴ˲ϣˡ
ҲΪʲôǶһǰԭˡ
ΪعǸһ˭֪
عʶǳѣܸоԼһĿռ䡣ռ䡭ô˵أĸоǳãЩ˵ľϢ
֪ΪΣعЩ
뵽䣬ǷҲ䵽³
ҲãҲãûܹҴ档
ô룬Ĺ۶ԴԴϵ񸮡
Щ㡭
ع֪طӦЩǲд֮ġ
۾ƵļһһӿԺĹչǰ
֪˶ãع۾ˮܿƵ
ЩˮЩ飬ҲѾɢ֮ġ
˿ˣ
鷻ˣ

ȻУع̧ͷͿһȺΧ顣
Ҳסˡ
ǡ
һϵ顣
ģһϵˣ
ļٵģ

ͬˣҰע⵽عδɵᣬЩҪǰȻȴûǰɡ
ûݡ
ʱ򣬾ʵѾǰعߡ
عʱѾˡ
ʲôʵ
ʵѾǷˡ
鷻ȡְɡһߵĳ¶ڵԺ˾ܹԷƺˡ
֣عһ
ϫյͷ֮ǰȥǸ鷻ΪΣķͱ˳ǳη
ع뵽ԼЩ䡣
У֮ļʱнʣδһ߿һס֮ģҪԴӻٶȡ֮򲻶ɢâԼӣ̮ˡ
ӣӵ֮ȥġ
ǧҺ¡
Ҫ£ǻһֱһ𡣡
ĶԻ
ͽǧɣǧ鷻عڵ
ǧ鷻ˡ
鷻Ľعļ򵥣ֱҪ򵥡
鷻Ȼ򣬵ֻ鷻ȻΪ֮ĵĲתɣ˲ٵ飬ԭʵû
˵ף鷻ʵҵַǳ񣬶ģӪģʽࡣ
һ㷻õ鷻ͬפȻҲὫȥֻ
Ȼعϣһвͨˡ
Ϊ̫ˣ˵Ǵ඼ûȤ͡
ˣΨһѡǽ̶ȥ
Ȼˡ
¶һΪѵûв񰡡
Ҳûҵ񡣡
ˮҲûС
Ҫ˽ҲС
ؼǣһûа
㿴ңҿ㣬ˡ
-

606 

ҵ棬ûв֡
Ҫ飬Ҳôʱ⵰
˸ǲ
ع¶ΪʲôҪв񣿡
ûв˼Ķ¶鷻ԣĶûУûв񡣡
عüѵܹܵͷϣ˽⣬ְʵǲͬġ
ȷְǻѵܹܵͷϣ
ǲܵ顣
ҲˣȻܲԴҲܲͷϡ
ô˵ġδһȷʵܲڴǮƣǡʹŲԴǷɽʯһĴڡԣһ鷻͵в񣬲ܹ
˵ţ͵תͷĵҪߵ΢΢˵ǲǣ
΢ˡ
ع֪գգ۾΢ʶ񣿡
Լ˵˵δһ۵
΢ˣŵ˵ɡ
΢β񡣡δһ΢βһʱûϳľܲˣβֽͻˡβء
عɵˣİ
ϫն֪۾΢Ȼһ񣬲һ㲻𣿡
ȡʱռƣҲģУְʵǲһġ
ιһǲ񣬻Ǵ֮ƹŴغͲƸ顣΢̲סС
Ǿѹˡ
֮νɲ˭׵ԼͷϵģĲ˵öְ飬ֻԳߵʲôġ
ιʵ϶
ΪСºˣīϣüǲ̫Сˣ˲Լѵû˵ˣԼһֵʱ򣬿žԼѵԼˣβϲҪϳˣҲž츳ء
΢򴽣ȴǳϵܵҸɺ֣ʺϵˡ
һ΢Ŀ΢΢氮ˣ˭İ˵ǷƱ
һ˲䣬ǶĬˡ
عҲ¶Ȼ
ˣ֮䣬Ļǻµġ֮˫ͻṲڹͬе˺
ҲΪʲô֮ǰϫ˵Ҹõİ¾ܽ⣬Ϊա
Ȼ
֮ģ᧿Σÿһ鶼пֵܻ׼
ʱô죿
˭ʱԼİ£
ֲǱ̬
˵ףһǵҲ¡
ǲİˡ
ųĬζ֪˶ãδˣ˵𡣡
Ҫ˵ȥβǿԻǮӶһ񣬾΢ͻȻڵȥιɡ
׷״ס
΢ЦЦҲϲңҵûüǿȥӴܹܲӶٱǿˣòǱ
ԼʱҲˣ֮ٳ⣬׵ԴأȻδ֮󣬾ֵ׼ˡ
ҲѾкüǧûмġ£µ䶼ټ
Ǿ̫ͣˡ
áδ죬Ļͱˡ
΢뷨ܹµʵϣβȷʵã飬λԸΪЩǮͣһ鷻
΢кͶԷɰˡ
ԭǻӦþ鷻̸һģȻȴһû飬ԻصԼķ䡣
ֻһ˵ʱع̲סʼᡣ
᲻ΪԼΪЩ׼飬ҲΪԴǡ
֪ģѾ΢ͳ¶˷ˣôԴأ
˾˵û̸īϣǲ˶һα˵Ĺ
õͷ˭ܹȥ
Լأ
ʣԼܹ֮ĵ
ûȫİա˵ãԼȥںʶʱɥģֻǼܱסԼ꣬ں;Ϣһ
ȻˣԼҪͺҰమ
ûǸҪ
ûΪϢļ䣬һӾȫˡԼôױʹࣿ
᲻õġ
˵֮ǰعźҰȫǳŮΪüݵöԷԼѿһ档ôῪʼȴǲԷΪԼһʹˡ
ˣãమá
¡Է˺Ů²Ϊ˰ΪĸתҲǿԤ顣
Ϊ˫á
ȻԼȴҲƲˡ
̣׻۵һ˳
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607 

عôԽôΣγΪ֮ȴһΣΪ˱˿ޣΪԼޣ
·ûоͷһ㡣
ý飬̲ס
οѹѹҪһ㡣һ뵽ϢҪŮһ𣬸Ůӣܡ
ܵǣûа취ΪѾܿԷͶԷһİ·ˡ
ˣʲôȥ
ŻòУ黹ûзֻҪһ룬;ýܲˡ
۾ô£ʱ΢һ
عҡҡͷתҴǧ鷻ٻŴ󲿷黹û뿪׬һʣҪһȥ𣿡
ȥȥȥһԵĳ¶˵͵
Դظ˵֮ǰˣڣǧ鷻ˡ
£˵׾һ
˶ĵطͺ
ɣڣͻԴԴϵĿ˵
ٻĶСڸյϵܿ챻ˡ
ȵ֪ĹЧ֮ڳ۾ˡûһ飬Ҳǲ⣬ﻹżֳɡ
ܿ죬˵鷻¼˳˵֤ʵܹϴܹ꣬һ̶һõŻ
ûκ˵飬һЧҲ̲סĶˡ
عļĲͣһʱǧᾧ󲿷ȫҶһᾧء
ҰվȺ棬˲ͬĿʼعϣżֲ֪ȡ
ԣһ˷ֵܵܣ֮ǰ۹⣬۹ȻǲвġСһʣ㹻Աˡ
źҰߣȥԡ
˶ǲǮģ۸ڱޱȣǶȴܹܡ
Ұҡҡͷվԭûж
ԣüͷһ˵ûˡ˲֪һ㵱ȻشԼҲ˲˰ɣȻҲỨǧŵ֮
ʵҲиߵͣӵ͵߷ֱһ֮֮֮֮
֮ɸı䡣
Ұҡҡͷ̫ˣҵȥ
ԣԣʵһ㶣漴¶ȻСûô࣬Ҵææģ˼СҲעⲻԼֵܣȵˣйúദ
Уȥˡ
ԣǵһԴբзģ֮ǰס
ΪѾһڱعǷҲû˵ᾧ·Թ˿Ͷɴȸᾧ
񲻱عһԷԼĪܹԷĹҪ೤ʱ䡣г룬ºҲܹٲ
Ұûֻ߽ԶԶεСš
ؿڣֻԶԶţҲǵġ
һ鷻кܶ飬عԭܿ۵׼Դȴܶ鶼ȥˡ
ⷽҸպһϵǽ񡣡δ
潻ңһ֮񡣡ѿڵ
ʵȫҸ𣬱֤ﵷҡ
İڵһ
¶Ҹϫ˸ý硣
΢Ұɡ
׾ҳȥһʱ䣬ܲ
Դص΢һȥɣȥβ񡣡
΢һðβһ˵ͷãҸһ𡣡
عҪģǶǧ鷻ֲһ¹滮Լ׼㹻ᾧѡ
˵ֲȴּƻ
ıڿռ֮УѾ׳ޱȣԶˣҲѽ֮Ϊɣ֪ģΪһ״ɽ
Ҳޱ޼ʣԭͽռ䶼ˣعҲ֪ʲôʱʼģͻ˿ռ䣬δ֪Ŀռ϶̰
ع̧ͷ۵Ĺʵ΢΢ЦЦһ̣˾ѾϣȥĹʵ
һɫ·ĹʵðĹҲŲôѺõϢ
۾ʼϸϸĹ
ʱһһţ½֮䣬عϵϢԽĪ⣬֪ʱ۾ͷȥԼġ
Ĺ򲻶Ͻ֯γһӤȭͷСӣӲŤãÿһ¶Ҫһᡣ
֪˶ãһǳɫѾ
عشȴɴЦݡ
ˣҳɹˣ
µʱ򣬾ʵ˶һ⡣
ʲôˣʲôˣ¶ʵ
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608 

ǿعĵؽɫеͬǵǰ
ǡ۾ûɣ
عЦŵ˵ͷ
ģδһš
ԼġعϴЩСҼǵ˵֣ǲǣоˣ
īϣͷܼ׼ʱ䡣
ԣعϵЦһӵ࣬ܳ׽𣿡
īϣ˶һۣ漴Щε֮Ļָʶ
ҡҡͷǲĴը
˵ǻҪ׼ԼҪԺʶںϣȥȡϣ
ʧ䣬ϫԴ㼱ʲôһ׼Źȥ꣬һǧҪһ׼ֵ㣬˵Ҳһء
ǣǶ㼱ʲô¶һЦ
عȴᶼҪðˣôܲҲҶģһ١
ԣһ漴ϾͳЦ⡣
ԴûݣǶϣ֮֮
ǵСعʱôɰϲô֮ء
عȴͲԼϣ֮֮ԼܲܰѴҶ
ޣޡӣϫյýȴֲ֪Ӻΰο
ҲģΪ³һ˵ʱ뵽ͻޣȻģҲ֪ľˣ¿ˮˣ𽥱㿴ˣǵ԰ʧˡ
ֻǣعӣ׻۵ġ
ۣԶԶŵĺҰ͸ˡ
˽ԣ֪һϵΪʲôô𣿡
ԣһѵû˵
˵˶٣Ұ˵̫ĹϵҾãӦòֹô򵥡
֪ҲࡣԣץץԴһ⣬仹һϵ鶼⣬ôֻһܣǵˣ⻹С
ü£ûǲҪ档
Ȼ˵꣬;Լ˵һɵһ٣Ҳ޷⡣ҰǸĸܶ黹ãӰҲΣ򡭡֪һϵ鶼ġ
һ뵽Ұ񼴽һף̲סһ飬ĺڡ
Ҳ֪Ұܲܳ
ⲻ󣬱Ͼ˫ûʽӴȻ
ģһŵؿŶԷݸᾧ
Ұ˵ͷҴһ£򵽵ʲô
ԣᾧȻҪ֪ȥˮ񣬲ǴһŮƭ𣿡
ҰһҪᾧƹȥĶͣ£
ԣ˵ͷϢϵĸ߲Ұ·ãף취˳Լ̥Ͷ괢ǸŮ񡣡
һϵ鷱ܷʽȽ⣬ڵľѪڳ˲γһߣ߻ᱻһһֱȫãγ̥Ů񣬾ͿзʱԼ̥ʹˡ
̥γɲףûǧ궼ɣҪú˳ܵҪǲǧ궼ǿ
ˮѾ򣬱ֳڣһӴ´ࡣ
Ұ治֪£ǺԼֹϵãֻ˫ǻ߿ˣ˵ͼٻ򣬼ȥϣԷҲϲǡ
⣬ֲԣ񣬶ЩϢ⡣
ΨһģҲֻкͺˮйصϢ
Ұͷˮᾧģȥϵ˶Է
ΪԼҪѯʶԷԷڵ֮͸Ϲȥˡ
彧һУԴ̥¶ֲԸ⽫¶ȥҲϴӦȺ˾ͰѺӱȥ֮󣬸ĸҲãҲãЩ£ͳ徲ˡ
Ұʵ˵ġϾ徲徲ˣ˵˶ûУҲùû˼ġ
Ҫȥҳ¶ĶԷߣԼأֲܸи
ôпң
Ұ񵽵ʱѾ׼һþƺòˡ
Ȼǳ񣬵ˮȴҪǵΪ׷¶ġ
뵽⣬̲ס
ѾˣȴϺΪ£˲ˡ
Ұ̧ͷԼұ֣ûע⣬ȴܿüǴżġ
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609 ǣ

ôôңˮЩڡ
ҰӵҽӱǶ˱ֵ¡
ˮЩΣЩеûģ֪򴽵ɱҸĸ˵ҵġ
治Ѻӱȥһǲ¶ẢӣСϵĲϲǶ˵ʵûȫİճ¶Ѻ
ˡҰһ۵̸ĸҵġ
ˮ˿漴ɻΪʲô
ҰеҪ㡣
ʲô£ˮʵ
ҰĬƬ̺򵽵׳ʲô£֪𣿡
ˮ¶⣬ʲô
ı飬֪Ұ۾һ
֪һ֡˶٣ˮ㻹ûشҵء
ҰϲһŮ񡣡
ǸҿЦɣˮ¶ɣҸĸģ
ЦΪ꾭Ĺϵ԰֮ԱǣʵһĸŮĶ
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ġҰĨ˰µǸŮΪȻ񡣡
ϵɬˮ̲סˡ
Ȼ񡭡֪
ȥЩӣΪ˿ƣһʼ¶ǹ˼͵ӵģҪȻҲлὫ̥¶
ڼ䣬¶Ҳ˵һ߷飬ǸµСŮ֮ء
Ȼ
ҼǵСﲢûлָ̬ϲˣһ⡣
ԼұܻΪ˸ĸܵǰװɬĸûôӣǡ
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۸ڶЩŮľ֮ǧ֮⣬ƺҲ˵ͨ
һ˫Ư۾˶٣Ұһ۱㿴ҵ
Ѳɻһ飿ҰŶͷȻˡ
Щʱ£Ȼ󲻼ڵ¶ûи˵飬Ҳȥ֮̽ġ֪ģһЩ²⣬һȫ׼ȷ
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ҰɫһӳȻܲµôܲ²
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ԣû´ⲻСҿѾˡ¶֮һֱôݣҲΪԾڲϴɽϼȡ޷Ҳ޷ά͡
Ұɫѿ֮أ
һϵ飬ֻʣʮһˡǣ˵һϵֻô顣ֻڴ֮ǰģʧˡˮ
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˵ʧ٣ʵӦˣ򡭡Ӧ׼ˮ̾˿
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֪Ȼ֮ǰѾû𣿡ˮʵ
ãҰ˲õԤС
ꡣˮ˵ӦѾˣȻȴȻԭ򣬲˵Ӧܲµ
Ȼܲµ
û´֮ȻӦ൱֮һĴڡȻ֮ͷοʵϣȻΪҵĵһ
㡭ˮ˺ҰһۣڵܹǳɡҸ¶మǧ꣬Ѳܸ־أҶǣΪ˰֮£Ҳ˵İõġ
ҪһȻģ˵ĸǶûˣĸһܲˡ
Ұ˵
ˮȰһϵûһ˽µģԭӦ֪ǸȻȫȻ飬ǾԲһġ񵱳ĳ¶һһʼǴҵͷģˣǲҽˡ
Ҳܣѵ¶ͺˣ
ҰĬú롣
ûĸ޷˵Լĵߣĸǣҵġ
ˮ̾˿ҪĺͶԷһָϵȻչͶԷһס
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610 

ףҰ¶⡣
ˮ˵ͷ㲻ҪĸתԸȻףȻ㽫͸
Ұˣ¡ҡҡͷûĸŮ˻ĸԸΪһİӣӦˣҲΪҡҲί
ˮü𣿡
Ұ˵ȴǾǿ
ˮ̾˿Ҫ֪һϵӶЩƧԸ˽ӴԽ׵壬ҪͶԷӴѡ
ҰȴһҪ֣ҸģΪίġ
ˮĬãҲ㡣
ǧ鷻ǱߣΪ⼸쵹ǿʼǽʦλ֮
㽨ɲҪϺü£ּдεضˡ
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ҲͬʵϣԣҲȷʵҪһ㡣
Ͼǲȷˣûоͷ
ҲʱԴغ΢ˣһĻβ
ˣع֪ʱ˶סˡ
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ع˵ͷȴǰ಻ס˷ܣ飬͸Ӿһ
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ǱһǧҰָһΣᱻ˷֡
عĬĬ˵ǧ
ǧܴ󣬹ĸҲȴһһߣԶԶġ
ʱ򣬺ҰҲɱŹײģºΪ㣬ײıƽŵһߡ
ع̲סһۡ
ҰУµ㺦£
عһ۵׻һĨãȻҡҡͷûУǾһֱţ᲻ۣ鲻ͬڷˣʬҲḯã»ĹľûκβõϢ
Ұ룬ȷ˵⻰ûκǿſڻشҲġ
ع˼
Ͳ֪˵ʲôˡ
Ұ񿪿ʵڻ磬㺦𣿡
عҡͷ¡˶٣ǿµ飬µ֮˵˺
Ұ̲סһͣתͷ˼𣿡
ǡعͷҲ֮˴˺Ѿγɵ޷⣬ģǲǣµԣ㲻óҵС
˵ԼļƻƣҰûԤ׵سУǲûиıĴ㡣
ϲֱǲһġ
߻˸˺
ԣҰӦйӴ
ȻȲ²Է뷨׶ҰĸвͬŭҪȴۡ
ķ·ϸϸܵ֯סһ㣬޴ѡ
ҿԺһԡҰȽ֮ĵˣ̸£𣿡
عҡͷͣȴã֮ıͺ޹ء
ʽӴ֮ǰҰѾԶԶϰ꣬Ը˽⣬ºֻͣҪµľײı䡣
ʱļֱ޴롣
ƽûйġ
عЩȴʲôû˵
ҰкͻйصҪ˵ȴˡ
ȴ֪һߣ¶ȴеˮ
ôˣˮϲˡ
¶ЩŤصҽȥ𣿡
ˮæýȥҹ紵ҵķ˿ְ££
ɳϣˮΪһȵţ̣㳢ǷĿζ
¶ȣĶǺҡһ仰û˵̲꣬סţ˳
̧ͷһŵصˮ񣬡㡭
𣿡ˮȴЦӯӯؿʵ
֪ϲζˡ¶
ˮⱭţĿζѵֵùĿࣿǲԼǰ̫ˣĵʱһԥûС
¶һ⻰ȴЩ޴ˣ彧ǸỨˣ˵⻰ֻˡ
ǡ
¶˱ۣһ˵һûأ˭ҵͬͰ̥ŵҶģбԼ
һככˮȴˣΡ
ٶǸΣǰϲǿ
ˮҡҡͷ̾˿һţ̣ȻʵӦ°ɣ
¶Сغһţ̣ȷģϲ¶һ˿ЦȻ£һҪ㡣
ʲô£ˮ񲻽⡣
¶۾عҲϲҰŶ
ˮһ˵ʲô
ߺعˡ¶ЦеԸߺҰ񡣡
ˮɫʲô˼
¶һ⡣
ˮ㲻᲻֪Ҫǰֻ϶׷عʱΪһҡ㵽״ʲôն˼
¶һ㶣Ҵġն˼𣿡
⸱ãȻ޴ģˮЩҲҲܴӦȥ¡㲻֪ҰȻ񱾾ˣҲٻϽ͡
¶ȴ̲סˡ
ˮҪǰοȴסˣҲϣعܻõİ鰡֪йǣǺҰ񲻲ȡжԶ᳢Կȥһ
һϵǿõͷģ޵Уϣܹ塣
ѵд𣿡
-

617 

Ұ𣿡ˮҧҧı£ֻҽһȥҪѺҰȥ𣿡
¶ĬúûҰΪʲôҪ
ˮ񣬽ޱ֪һֱҹЩΡҾĻֻͬͬ࣬ǻοĴڣҶҪġںҰֲʲôˣΪʲôҪΪ룿
⸱䵽ģˮһɺأҲΪ𣿡
Ϊ˰¶ͷԼСһѺʱ򣬼Ϊ˺ӣҲûȥ
˶٣ǿԣϣûʶ㡣
û֪һְֱԵĳ¶ʵĮˡ
֤ݾǣӴˮȫųڷƱȥġǺ飬ضεغˮ¡
ὫԷ
ˣϫգ𿴰ѳڷƱߣȴûи֮ж
ˮı鸴Ӽˣ֪¶ҲںԼģǡںҰҲġ
Լ˵Ľ˼תҰһԸߺҰ
㲻Ҫֵ̿ס˳¶Į˫ۡ
Ҫȴ޴ӹֻҪ𵱳Լ֮󣬳¶ʳѰҹҹ˯ᣬجξģ޷
¶˵ģǻĵĮ
ҡ¶ץֵúҰȥ׷ع
ҡˮίʵӦ
¶ҰҪĸת𣿵ع»֮ǣԺ϶ɵ¡
ˮЦҡҡͷҪǰ⻰ţڡĿҰȻִŵġ
¶Ҫڣˮȴס͵¶ĸֻ»һãĸҰһӡѾˣ㲻Ӷˣܵøһӡ
¶һˮеİ󣬶Ȼ˹Ǳ˻ȥ
֪彧׷ȴźԸ
ԭԼѾ
ˮȴѾˣʱ˵ǻûԣºŷӦǻǶôزӦá
¶Įںȴеġ
ԼĻϸ⡣
һҹ߻Լķ䡣
ôˣ⸱ǷϵģҰסˡ
ˮҡҡͷתƻҹȥˣûзֵģǺ׷ų¶ע⵽ķǿյġ
Ұ˵ͷҿȻ񣬾ͳȥˡ
ˮһ⣬ʵǼˣʲô
ҰһЩЦˣϣҲҪС
ˮ˿Ȼ˼⣬㡭
ܸоҲȫġҰȴҲûзС
ˮһֻûзС
ѾˣǱͲʶҰˮһ۵֣֪ҪȰңǡԼҲоӦñҸٵʱôҲӲ˵ġ
Լ֮£ֺγأ
鷻֮ûʼ֮Ȼġ
ǴյģСǰĴ԰ͳõĽʳ
һΣعĬĬţȻһΣɳ˽㡣
ǽ֮һ
Ų֪ڼװͶԷżҰҲ಻סˣһɧ֮߳ǰ˶Էǰ
ӦҪҡعüĲͣЩõؿڵ
عһ
ҰЦߣ񲻻֡
òʵڳڣǷüۣȻЦʱȴ·ز˼顣
عʱ
عЩ̣ȴô֪𣿡
֪Ұżƶ˵ҵְˣ֮ǰ̫ˣҸӦˡ
Ӧʲôعһǿװ򶨵
Ұգգ۾ĵЦӦҵİ
䡪
عʱ졣
ĸо͸˰ǹ·һ߳ܵ˼¡
ǰÿһŮԸ鲻˵ηҲ̹ȻȻⱲ֮ŮǰԱζ
ͷ·𣬳ѿˣϲ˶һܱЦ顣
Ұְע˵ἫУǰھйңظ˼򶨣ǵһʱ䷢ع
-

618 ûϢ

عߵᶼҪˣҰЩĻţҲֱסһ߸ᣬһ߽ôˣ
ܸ֪ع߲ѣȴĸԴ
ع̧ͷԷ۵׵ĵǺͽַĵĹػκһӶûв
һӾƽȻŷԼԷڻæֽƿ
Ȼƿȴ֪ôˡ
ҰȴЦˣҲϲҶԲԣع󲿷ֶˣܹоּȴů·С񻶿ʱĽһ
һʼȷȴѾȷˡ
ǺԼһİ
ع۾һۣȻת뿪ˡ
Ұȥ׷ۼſҪ׷ˣͻȻһֻֽץסˡ
̧ͷͷ·֮ǰȥعڵ֮һɫʱᵽζĲǣԼҲ
عܽãûнŲˣʶͷһۣȴֺҰסˡ
ס˻ֹһǺüۿҪˡ
ҰȻǲľɲʵ۸Ů񡣡
ǣԴŮɲôóΪķȡ
ҪΪ㣬㲻أһŮʲô£

ԶԶعĽŲɶס
ԥ̾˿תȥסҰ־ˡ
µļĿɿڴҰȴ̲סЦ
ҲϲҵĶԲԣ˽ϣҰ̲סڵ
ֻҪǳˣܹж໶졣
ع̵һ˦ӣҰȴۼֿץסĿƵش𣬲ƭң
ͷһֳԼİԵͷ
عһʶˣҰȴִҸ½
ôô᣿Ҫֹعܣ˱ȴˡ
عƲȴǲܿƴδεµ
ҰŻˣ񱧺һһֻסĴȣһֻȥᣬôˣǲۣ
عһȴһʰҰ񲻰οãԽοԽƲס
󣬺ҰԼķ䣬һ߸ᣬһ߶˸һˮС޳ôᣬϽȵˮ
عһҭʱͿ޲ȥˡ
˵
ڲˣҰ˿һëݸմϲ
عëϵ۲ȷʵࡣ
ͷֲ˵ˣҰЩ
ǲǺѿȴʱعͻȻʵ
Ұһ£βŷӦ˼ԥµǲÿǲ˵ÿü˵ˣԷҲš
عۿһʪҰæ۾Ưġ
عû˿֪ʵģֻٺ֪ʵǳ㣬һƯŮ񡣡
عûЦȴ滺
ҰȴǺ֪ǽԼģ
عһ죬ҰЦҪ⣬ǿԺͰ׷һ㹻ά͡
׷ǳ¶ĳƺ
عҡͷֹʣܴӸϽҵ⡣
ҰΪ⣬䲻ʵʲôϵ
عһæҡͷûйϵ
Ұ°͵ôҰ
عֺˣͰ͵˵ʲôҸ㱾ʶû೤ʱ䣬ûϵʲôûϵ
Ӳ˵ţҰҪȥ𣿡
ȻʣѾվˡ
ôŰߣ
عЩί
뷨Ұ͵ǹйŮģڷʱ䳤˲áȻ¹Ҳع˵л
عȥ󣬺Ұûжֻ˼עⰲȫ뿪ˡ
һߣعͰͷ
һ鷢飬;ԼûϢˡ˵òҰӴġ
أˣ
عһæһݣȻȥš
ôôãϫһ߽һʵҸո˵Ұһˣ
عһҡҡͷûС
ԣϫյıеʧһ
Ϊ£˵ʵعڸͲ̸Ұ
Ȳ뱻˴ϣҲ뱻ˮ
ϫջ¡
һ¡ϫյ֮ǰ¶ϴʱ䣬ôĺأ
عһ漴ԭУҲѾ˰̥ĸһ棬֮ǰ˵
-

619 

ϫüĵҵ˼ǣ¶ϴ֮ǰͽˣǡҲ𣿡
ع˼ˣü˵ҪʱγɵĹ֪
ϫһ漴¶Ц
Уڳ¶֮ǰѵѾˣعʵ
ϫյĿͲֱǲˡ
뵽ȥˣ¶һ漴ЩЦõңǡ
˶ٵ㲻ʶҲһϵ飬Ѿ׼ˡǰһӣһģԣǺˣǾͰͻ˸ߡ
عԴЩΪʲôҪѺ֮ͻȥ
ϫձһͣԴˣҴͷ˵ɡǸǰܰԵ֮¶һϲˣ˵ҲңǸɲˮԸᶨơҪ˵Ҳǣ׻ȴˣ뿪ܰԵתȢŮ񡣡
˶٣̾ǸʱܰԵѾĺˣǶȰҪܰԵˡ˵ڵ֤ϣԼʧһۼûС
˵̲ס
Ǹ֪ܰԵ𣿡عʵ
֪ϫյʱܰԵԼ֪㲻֪һǳϵ
ع¶档
ϫս͵һϵ鶼񡣡
ǵְعһ㶡
ееˮееꡭǺϵ鲻һְǺ˶٣ϫյ֪࣬ҪǶôѵģҪ˵ˡҲˣܰԵû뵽ԼỳС
֪뵽ʲôЩ˵ʵϣõӳ̶ȣܰԵ֪ͨǶƱܹٽԵġܰԵ̫ˣԸίȫİ顣ߡȻ飬һ̶ϣҲȷʵԸ⿴ġ
ѺѾǽǧԺˣǸʱ򣬽Ѿӡǣ׼֮ǰܰԵӽǣǽ󣬵꣬͵ߡ
뵽Ǹӳǿز뿪ȴԴش˶Ļ棬ϫյľ۵òС
ǵǸ䣿عʵ
ϫյͷǸӡЩǵģϴ䣬ȥ˵ĻԸҲԸϴꡣ
عһǣ
ϫյ˵ͷԵ˵һȻǵҲۣӣҲֻܺݺĽˡңҲ̫ù
ǰ͹ȥʱûԼĺӣǸĸôҲһ꣬ĸͻˣҲһʼʱõЩ󣬾ͶǺӡ
ϫմҲǵûǺãʱͷˣǺӳûĻ̫ģ͵ôһºܵˡƫƫԭΪڽչ𽥻ָ뵽¡
˵ǺǳĲЦԭɰЦˣҲÿҶЦʲôģ
عԴô𣿡
ϫճĬƬ̣Ȼܸȥһ𣿡
عҲû͵ͷˣ鷻֮Ҿ͸ȥ
ллϫЦЦֵ˵Ҳ˺üˣô鷻֮ûпʼ
⻰˵˲һ죬ͳˡ
ˣˣ
ʱ򣬴˲ûеһʱ䷴Ӧ
عЬ߳ȥʱ򣬳¶ѾҴҷˡ
ˣ
عһʲôˣ
¶ƤЦûΣȴѵһʮȥ鿴鷻ûпǣһϢ֮䣬ȫˡ
һϢ֮䣿ع˭֣С飬ҪɱҪЩʱģ˵һɱʮˡ
ѵֵ˲ֹһ
Ҫͺˡ¶ɫѿָû
ʲô˼عһ˼ǣû˿ǡ
ʮ鱻ɱʱĿˣǣû˿֡¶
ʱ򣬾ʵҲ˹
΢ɫѵϢǱɱʮ鶼Ƿѡ
˼ǣīϣɴ۾
ʱ˵ʲô˶٣΢ȫǻǲҪ뿪عΪá
ĻҶͬ⡣
ô˵ͿҰˮ˹
-

620 

Ǵȥһ°ֳҪһ𣿡ˮ񿪿ʵ
عǶһۣҪܾҰȴڵ֪յ񻹻ŵķѡѾֻʣ֮
ôô٣¶¶㵡
ѡ٣ʮϰٻеġ
ˮ͵ǰвٷѡɱοոֱɱʮˡ
˶٣Է׷ףҶΪǻŵķѡ֮һ
عü˼ǣΪԱƱҪҳ֣
ǵģ۴ķ˵𡣡ҰϾֵĿΪ鷻֮ʤƱҲΪĿꡣ
ɣīϣЩɵعѾǧˣѵҶ֣ô𣿡
عü˼Ƭ̺һϢɱʮ飬δزҶҳ֡
˼ɵĵطǿЯ鷻ըǣԱҲҪʱģڷӦ֮ǰɱԷ
ԣһ˲㽫еĹؽˡ
׾ȻĻҪСˡ
ԴüЩԣ֮ǰû˵ĸʵ
һϢɱʮ飬Ҳǰġ˽ԷְöԷ޷ء
Ȼ˵ףȴǳѡ
鲻ͬ࣬˴˼Ҳޱ˵ˣ˵ع;ˣҲ˵˽˵ȫƣ˶Ҳˡ
ʲôȥɡδ̾˿
عǵʱֳһƬҡ
ǲǣȶ鶼óɱû˵ٶܹˣ
˵˵Ҫͣ㻹лվȰȣ
˵Ҳе
ҾóҲɣֳˮϣ˭֪ϵ鶼óˮΪһ塣
Ѫˣô˵ԼҲˣǷʹó䣬˭֪ˣֲصôã˭֪ǲǣ
˵ӰҲɱˡ
˭֪ǲǴ׻ߣϾϵķѡɲֹӰҲŵѡ

𿴳ף۾˶ܹɢŵĻ̡̻
˶ں¡
Լһܺߡ
عüȥ鿴һߵʬ壬˺ˣ鷻ˣ
ʶ̧ͷһ̣ͷԼλѾˡ
Ϥḻ̌ԼҲ֮˿
鷻⣬֮󶼷Ӧˡ

ôȻ񣿡
Ѿǧˣôֵõһ鷻
Ҳ̫ƽˡ
˵᲻֣
԰һϵأǵʵɲ
ӦòɣҪų켺ģӦöûյģȻġ
ô֪аգ

ʵûǵĺˣǶ׵һԵǰʼв鿴
һб񶼱ˡ׾üʬؿһ޵С
𣿡ʵ
ˡüǿȥЩ̫ԣôС˿ڣ񼴱㱻٣ӦҲɢôɣ
ȷһϢˡϫյӣЩմˡ
ԣ˵ɫ
ʲôͻȻһд
̧ͷȥʱĿѡ
ͼ鷻ռϣ֪ʱѿ˷·֩һѺۣδ֪ĺɫִ
ˣܻϲǺɫʲôȴϳˡ
Ƕͺ֮еĻһģһ
ҰɫѿŸո̧ȣˮץס֣㲻ȥ
Ȼְ޷ƻ磡ҰݺݵҲȥ϶ᱻɡ
ȥˣԼҲˮץ˷ʱκһ鷻ᱻƷ̳Ե
ҰҪҧĸ
Ұ۾ʱˣƬ̣Ȼ󽫱ϵĹײĽݸˮҰĸ񽻸㣬㡭
ʣµĻ˵ˣʹδ۵׻ȴֲļ
㡭ˮֱˡ
ǡʱ鷻ռȴ˱ʡ
عҲ鷻⣬͵һβͬһʼϴһ˳鷻ļ䡣
ȻβʱһĨŨĺɫͻȻ񸮡
һʹɽһը̲סгһʱ񸮣ƴһȥűڻ
ҲŻˣشعЩ΢΢
عһְһƬ̧ͷܵĻ硣
ǵģѾϳˣǰЩǻ硣
ʱЩҪ񸮣Ⱦ꣬Ҳͬˡ
-

621 ľ

ʱĹŶˣһ߲һ߹
һĲ䣬εĶԴ࣬ͷ·ڸȥһ
عԣҪ
̧ͷܵĻ磬ﻮһĨᶨ
عȻжΣգͷΨһĳ롭ҧҧ֡
ɫĹâţ𣬴ѿһһ
䡪ʲôըɫɴӹâгչò
ֻǣͬٻЩǰȴı塣
ܵĻӿη졣
عһף䵽һ֦ϣһȭͷСĽɫʵ
һ̣ͬѩһڻ׼ȷ˵ڽС
һ˲䣬֦˹ų˻֮С
ʤڴһˡ
عҧҧ貵ĹâܵĻȫմ
㣬ȴȾ˻ɬĺɫ
ʱһһţȻ˶ԣȴֻһ˲䷢¡
貵Ľɫâ񷣬޴չĻ綼ϯһա
ͻȻһٿ³ȥ˿֮Уת˲ѿһС
ֻһʼܿ죬ԽԽСɡЩСдСɺ֦Ҷɫ״Ҳв֪ͬģΪЩֶǲһء
ǡľ֣ˮһ㵡
ҰȴȻع˦ֳ˽ȥ
ԽһÿȿǿãŲһ٣ЩСĵؽָɣȻ񣿡ƺˣ뺰
䣬عе˳Ұۼֿؽ
ͷɫתȷعڲûлң˿뿪
뿪ǰ̲ס̧ͷϿһۣǵ뿪
߸ߵϣɫĹʵĽҶڵ˻ΣЩ׻ǰסˡ
źҰعʵæӭȥ
ôˣϫյĵ
ҰܿԷҪعӹ֣Ŀǰû⣬廹Ҫ֪
׾һۣڶԷһعȳ׻û˵ʲô
عһ˯һ꣬һУγɵֲչǰۿ
ˣع۾ʱϫһš
ع죬ȴһںѪ˳
عϹľʵһͿ棬ʱĿѡ
ҰҲں棬ļбֻ಻١
عһֲ̧ǵѪһҡͷģû¡
Ȼ⻰һ˵ûС
¶üͷʲô
ع̾˿ʲô£ڵѪҺӰ컵ˡ
ڻл磿Ұһ֮ǰ鿴ӦѾûлˡ
Ҳһš
عЦЦûлˣбӰ컵Ѫࡣ
һ仰˵һ³һںѪһΣѪлࡣ
Ҳǲŷ֣ⶫֹȾ꣬Ⱦ塣һε
ǶӰ𣿡¶Щŵʵ
ع˵ͷҡͷӰ컹еģڻѪ඼ųµѪ滻֮ǰ״̬ҴŻҪάһʱ䡣ʵϣӵֿͷͲóԣֱӽ˲Ϣ֮塣
ڶʱ壬ֻܲȡˮĥˡ
ԣһֻҪްͺá
ԴɫصʵꡭܵȾ𣿡
һ˲䣬˵Ķ
عһ漴İɡ
Ȼġ
Щε˴Ǹ˾֪ˡ
һȻ⣬Ҳ˳ȥ
ܿ죬ǾͷعĿĵγɵ֡
ǰĻ棬عȣʵϣڻԽ׶Σı仯Ӧġ
ǰ
عָϷǿ
ɫ֦Ҷһһ㲦Ȼ¶ڸߴǿŴɫĹӡ
һŹӣ˶Ӧˡ
ǣҰһ㵡
عЦЦǻĹӡ
ʲô˼ˮˣӣܳ𣿡
¶һۣϹ˵ʲôأֹҳԣ
ҲǹӰˮ
عҲ֪ŹʲôЧһǿ϶ģǸ鷻еĻ綼ǿŹУӰ쵽ңȻҲȾҵˡ
-

622 ΢

ع֮󣬾ͽ˻ȥˣԭȫ渲ǵ鷻Ҳ¶Ŀ
鷻еǧ鷻й֮޲ҲҪһࡣ
ø鷻ʲô𣿡īϣʵ
عҡҡͷ֡
ʲô˼
һʱˡ
ع͵һὫ鷻ϲǧ鷻ȥ
ģϫһаգ
ع˵ͷȻ
һ룬Ļһ¡
Ĳ˵ǧ鷻ķʵԴβعȻ߲һǲɸƵġ
˵βعȻٻܹҳɳϴȴǵعڳɡ
ˣȻ鷻ӵ
µ鷻ܹǧ鷻ϲʩչķΧʹˡ
Ĳ˵鷻ˣܹĻƷ־ͶˣҵģҲˡǻܹʼ
Ҫ֪Ұһϵַ޶黹вٵġ
Ȼ飬ҲҪһҵġ
ǧ鷻ĵطǴˣȫԿһطɷЩ顣
ĻܹһȺֱӽƤȥù˿Լ
ع֪һ˲ô࣬ϫյǲȥһ򣿡
ᣬϫһʱᶼ벻¡ԣ¶ɻСҪȥһѩ
㿴ʲô¶Ҳǲ˵òȥǡ
˴Ǳ
Ҷ¶ͬϫսԼĹ˵һȻǽѩҲ䣬ƱҪع侻
⻰Ҷˡ
Ǻӻ᲻᲻Ը⣿īϣü
ԼĺԼѩǺжǿġǺģǺǸͲԸͽϡǲȡǿӲĴʩҪ˵ǺûԹǶԸš
ֳΨˮͺҰ
Ҫȥ򣿡Ұ̲סڵҸһɣǱҺ졣
죿
һ˲䣬˿ıЩ΢
ˮ˼ҼǵһѣǽСǽԣǰɣ
ԣ񣿡׾΢ˡ
˵ķӦһ
ʲôˮ
Ҳعġ
ϫһѩͬĸĵܵܣԣ񡣡
˵ǽ񣿡Ұ֪Ǹʲôϵ
Ҳʲô飬ϫձĸһϵ飬ġ
ҰʱȻ뵽Ѻֳ֮临ӵĹϵһʱЩ֪ʲôӦˡ
Խ֪úϫտʵ
ڽѩȻģΪԺּܶʵٲ֮ǣԳһʼ͵͵һ£Ǿûٿ
ԣҰ¶Σӵȷʵ֪ܶࡣ
Ҫ˵ԣͽ֮飬û˱ˡ
ҵʶԣ񣬾ΪҾ˶٣Ұʱ֮أģǽ񡣡
˸ͷϫǾˡ
ܣѩС۵ˣὫԼĸĳǨŭĸֵϡīϣҲ
˵ûȷˣǡҰ¶Ц֮ǰֵĸʵΪһ⣬ͻһյؽꡣǰУ׵ԣǱչ˵ġܽԴԣ䵭ԣȴĽǾصֳȻȴ顣صҺվɴѹҪϳš
˶٣ʵϣҲǸֻΪҪ޷뿪ͻ֮ìܣֻҪǳ۾˾ܿǣʱԣǸġܻôǰ˵ĻҲܽԻ޶ã˵Ĺϵܺá
Ȼͱ˽һѡΪһƣˣʧȥһηǳѵõĻΪ񣬲ʹ
ԣʱ򣬾òϢָ֮ʵԣһ
˵ıЩӵʵϣѾˣҲȲԣ񡣡
˶٣ԣҲ֪ԣһֱûмǺ޽񡣡
ֻǣֵ֮굽ǻزȥˣѾͬİ·ˡ
˵ҲܲµĽ
ϫ򴽣׻ûסʵѩ񻹺𣿡
-

623 Ȼ

ԣҰ΢΢һ漴ЩɵӦòɣ
ϫüҸʵҲûʲô飬ԣ˵ڰǰȢӣѾһŮ
ģϫյ۾ˡ
عȴѵҪĻŮϿҲ䡣
ԶԶԡϫæ˵öԡ
īϣ˼ĻҪ˵ѩϴӦòѡ
һʼû˼һ˼ˡ
ǣˣҪЭ
οѩԲԼȴܲŮ

ջͿǳؿѾ˯ŵŮһڵôôû˯
֪ӺʱͱģӾͬһ˫ͷ·ѻǧıѩһ㣬˿ů⡣
ҲֻпŮŻ͡
ҵŵỬŮգͷ״͸һȴʼҲԭǲǵǱҩĹϵ
ԣӶ˼⡣
ӲΪమϵģԴڻơϣܹһʵŮΪޣͱˡ
Ǳҩһ¶ˮޣ˵õûзȻһǧ꣬ȴԼˡ
һϵüѣǼΪУҲΪˣûӴ
һʼûֱָ߽еĺӼΪûи¸޷˳
֮£ֻȥ
֮ȴûоܾ˾ʹ˳˺ϵ
֮ദ˵飬ȴûеﰮĳ̶ȡΪ˺ӿǣȢҲΪ˺ӴӦˡ
ǲûн£ûн֮ԻһȫΪŮ
ǣˣһҲüΪܰ
Դ뿪֮ӶڽѾѵõƽԼˡ
Ҫ˵ΨһĲгŮˡ
Ȼ֪Ů񵱳µҩйϵˣϾһϵüѣôɻǧ궼ûõģûϾһˣҩԾӹ
üһ취ġ񿪿ڵ
һۣЩֹ
ʲô˵ľ˵ɡ񿪿ڵ
ҧҧǧ鷻˵𣿡
һȻ˵ôû˵
˵ǸܲȥŵϵĲ˿ܲȴ˵ԨԴġˣ˵⻰ʱżС
ãſڵǾȥǧ鷻һˡ
ĺ޼ˣԼˡȻǣ֪ԽԽ࣬･ͻˡ
ŮһĹУǻ뵽ȥ
뵽ȥԼҲǻų
Щϸ֦ĩеİȥȻʱȴǶˡ
ʵȥˣֻǵ̫ܳˣһʱȥǸôҡ֪ΪںԼǾԲٳС
ԥһ£ڵǵᾧܲ
ԭӦǹģһأĸ͸֧ŮһнԽŮ
ĸ͸֧нΪľǳźӻСᾧ̶ȵǿ
һԭӦǲڽģϾʱѾˣ˭ûر˵أǽ©͸֧˽һнҲʹòһꡣ
Ȼﲻǲ֪è壬ֻʱҸ϶Ƚƫ
ʵϣǱ͸֧нûõϣȫԣ
˵ΪʵǿʱʱԽһЩְ׬ǮԼƽʱģӹҲԣҲڴˡ
ԼҲһЩʵ̫ˣͷǧᾧûС
ĴҲᾧ
ᾧ´´ˣҪϴꡭͲˡ
û£ҵʱ취λȻµ飬Լûн飬ǣԴǵĹϵԼӦÿ޸ˣ
ãȥ٣ȻŮȥ
Ȼû뵽ǣڶһ磬ʹ
ʱ˭һ߽Ⱥõţ̵ݸŮһʵ
ȥõĳǹ߹ȥš
һһɤžʹ˽
һϵˣָҪ㣬Ͻȥ
-

624 

һΪԼ˻
˵ʲô
⸱㶵ģ߼ֲֵûϽȥɣ
ʵϣ飬򲢲ܡϾһϵŵ飬ö˻м䡣
Ҫ˵һʼҶվڻһĻţԽ֣Խ㣬Ѿƫ˽
룬ȻŻͷϽιŵ緹
Ҳ˴Ҳ໰Ů緹ˣȻЩ޴ҪҪ׼ʲô
ҡͷǰŮڵ߰ɡ
͵Уعͬɢţò͵ģ̬ȿˡ
׾զϻûôõĴ
ɲǴθ򷢽лһҲֱŽѩȥ˵īϣ
΢˵ǶعҪȻԭǴ
һϵܴҪǺճ˸عֻܵõлӴ
īϣƲƲ죬һԵĳ¶ɫҲ̫á
ͽѩǷѾشճһǧᾧԼݵøһЩΪ˰ǳЦʲôˡ
ҪΪ˽ѩǿ϶֡
ǰû˳Цǣǻ᲻붯־Ͷ֣ñҲһˣһӵһضˡ
˵ˣԣ˳Ҫôǰ˵һҲù㡣
ҰЦЦع͵Ŀ£Ĳ֪˵ʲô
鲻Ҳû䵭
ԣҲû̬ʲôԣ̧ͷһˣϳһϵ飬ûж룬ֻѵ׷ҵнˣһаĿ⡣
Ұˡ
ʲôȥɣҸǽӷ硣պһʣҶȥһԣ
ûӦ
ϫյƳһۣ˵ɵһﶼȲĽѩ
ԣ֪طֲԣƺڳ˺Ұˮ֮⣬ƺЩ˵ϵ⣬ر䵭
عʾȻǸѩû飬Ҳúͬ鱣ֶβǡ
ʲô
ԣѯʺҰ
ҰԥҪҪڣһߵˮ񿴲ۣڵ㲻֪𣿽һϵģĸҲһϵ顣
ԣһӾͰˣһĮˣЦһӾûˣڰ
Ұ֪̾
Ȼȥɣһ㡣ڵ
ԣ˵ͷһͷ뿪ˡʵҲ£ǡ˰ɣЩòల£ٴ̼ĸ
ԣǰŲߣŽʹŮˡ
һԭһװ䷶˷׷סˣ½վǼԵĽź顣
ͣ½ŲŴлϤİһ飬ɸǻǵģҪ
ϣȴ˵ٳǰ𣿡
ϫ죬һʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
¡ƽʱĬѣʱ򿪿ˡ
Ŀɨˣ䵽عϣȻ񣿡
عһ漴ǡ׶ԷΪʲôδԼ̫Ťˣ
ϹȻ˫ڱŤţԹеģҪϫ˵ĺޣС
򴽣ŮŵϣڵŮϣܹϴһ塣
عһ㶣תͷ˶һۡ
ѵ֪ˣϫճɵ
֪ʲôüǲʲô£ٻ£Ҳӱ˿֪ġ
ϫտͬ飬Ŀѯʣֱ˵
΢ڵ֮ǰ¶ϴʱϴд䣬ǵҲС
һ䣿
΢ͷ
¶Ȼ˵ûɣô
û˱ˣǺĵʱǾԲתġ
˵ͷǸŵϴɡ˶٣عͷᾧǷһ֣Ժٸ㡣
عҡͷãԼˣøᾧ
ԣ̲ס΢΢Ҫ˵һԵϫѾӦˡ
ȵȣʲô˼ֻ˵ŵԼأϫЩżѵҪΪ˸һֱ侻𣿡
Ҳ΢΢Ϲ
֪ΪΣϵЦݣع·𿴵˼ֺ͵Ƥ
Ȼ󣬽֤ĸоûд
ҪҾԣԺٸһޡ
-

625 첻

Դصֱˡ
ѩԭİ
һʱЩ֪ôˡ
عһ۽ֿһǣǵرֳĬ״ɲԼ廰ʱ
ϫһҪڣ֮ǰڵֻҪشû߲þˡ
һض
ôֲˡ
󣬻عۣڵΣǴǲǲ̫ʣ
˻ûзӦ򴽣ȥҵɡ
ϫǶһۣȻ˵ͷ
ҰȥԣǱߡ
ԣ̧֣ͷһֺۣܿջĿ⡣
Ұˮأ
ˮ˳¶һۣҺһɡýͳ¶ǿҪһͲˡ
ʱϫǵĿ䵽ŵϡ
ŲҵСŮź͸һģһİ׷ü۾£һľӣЩˡ
ϫߵǰֵܱ𣿡
ŵЩؿ񣬽˵ͷЩӵ˹ȥ
ϫսССŵЩüôôݣ㸸ôʱ򣬱ſˡ
ԣ΢΢һ죬һԵ¶档
ģСʱ֣ŵ̲סʵ
С֪֮ɲ֮ܽΪĺӡ
ϫյͷ˵㸸һʱҪʮཱུģرɰ
ѩȻܰԵĺӣȴһϵһֲͷһĺӣˣûιԡ
һŮҲ˼꣬ܿˡ
ԣϫЩźص˵ͷûֿϧģֵĶɰ
ЩЦȴЩᡣ˭֪СʱһֱҪ׽ĳôݣ;ԼҲӦ֣ˡ
ȻȴһֱûԸҲ֤ʵˣʲôģһֱһԸ
˽кã¶ȴ̲סɴ۾ôôƣ
ʵƣǲ󣬹ģоһͱڷ˶ԹˣԡסǹסȻ̫ݡ
ȴǲиֻô࣬ԼòǮֻܽôˡû˵ԼǮ֮ؽ
Ҫ֪뿪֮òá
֮ǰǲֹһ˵Ǯ֮һܹñԭãûǰ;
ԣ׾ըëˣǺ˭أǿ͸֧һнǱǮʲô
ǰѽ͹Ҳʲôġ
ʵȴȷʵˣǸĸǰ͸֧ǱнҲܹһ͸֧ġ
ǵԤ룬ǮѩӾͲˡ
û뵽ǣէʲôףûƾˣƣû˻վһߡ
䣬ԭΪΨһĿɽôס
ǱǮˡ񵭵㣬ҵ첻н𡣡
ԣϫǷ׷״סˣҪɣƺǵĴ˵ף˼ǲȫ
ȥɡ񵭵
ȵȣعͿˡ
˵ĿⶼʵӦҲĵطɣ
һ㶣Ȼԣǵ˵ͷǵġ
䣬عѾּٻһ
ģ紫ò٣ȴǵһοһطӦǺôȻ󡭡
ôʹвһ̲ס
ȴǣԭٻһãعٻȴһƬˡ
ģعʵǿˡҲ¶⣬ϫս͵
عŵ⺢Ӹҵĸо̫ãȽϵɡ
ԣ¶š
ŵ𣿡̲סĵ
عҡҡͷֻҵĸо廹Ҫ롣
˵ţϫнŵ˹ȥһ̣âһ̼佫ŵΧ
ع֣ŵ̱γһ룬ȻƮ˿С
ǸѩдŴƬѺ۵Ĺ룬һãȻϫǾ¶ˡ
ʲôϫյ۾ôӣ
ȷ䡣˶٣ع궼ȱʧͨ׵˵첻㡣
ȵȣ˵ŵҲȱʧ̲סɫһס
֪ϵ⻹ýһ漰ꡭ
-

626 

ع˵ͷǵġ
һ˲䣬ûѪɫһԵҲͬɫҰס
عɫƽϫ˼ʵԲŵ𣿡
ԣ˶һؿ˹
ꣿǲ̫˼ˣ
ԣǡ
ˣ˵飬ɷ׷׽ŵؿ˹
عЩҪʱе㳤
ж೤ʵ
عüЩò׼Ҳɣ߰Ҳϡ档
Ҫôãϫһ𾪡
𾪹ǵؿعȻʱһЩֻҪκŮǲʱĳֻ̣ǡ
˼Ȼ߰
Ҳ뵽һ㣬Щԥؿعһֿۣϫյˡ
ʵϫҲ뵽ˣֻǣҲʵڿ˿ع߰ꡣ
ǶҲС
ϾǵǿõͷģһֱĳطȻҪ߶࿴
䣬߰ɲ̡
õĻǵûô
Ҫعϼһ£¶ɵ
عһ漴Ц뵽ȥˣֻҪγɣﶼû⡣
ȴҪúŵĹˣϮûκηЧġ
ԣ֣صͷ
Ҷһģعԥµ˵ⲻӦܻܲôʱ𣿡
ʲʲô˼ϫ²⣬̲סʵ
ع̾˿벻ţˣ϶ʧġ
ԭʵǲģǣԴʥΪһ֮󣬾ˡ
ǡϫҪڣһԵĽ̲סʵʲô˼ǵѵ궼û𣿡
ɵĸʱҲСˣΪʱ̻кܳʱ䣬˭֪
Ȼµ飬û߰꣬ˡ
뵽̲סͷƤ
عЦЦΪŵҲġ
ʵϣھɹӹ֮ԻȥѾ˼ġ
Ȼȴôֹۡ
ҪʱԭŮģعȴãڵʱţҶиӦϮܹٿз
й
лȴûʳ
֮񿪿ڵŵӣڲܽ룬ȻһҲġ
ֲĲǶӵĵǣҲǶʵĲΡ
û취ʵȷʵô
ϫյȻ֪˵úеǡ
عһҪǵŵ֮ٽ룬ʱ˵ûûлˡ
ȴܼʵһ뷨ԼĪܲµһϵ׼ĳġˣţΪȻһЩʱ䣬ԴҲñӳ׼ʱ䡣
ȰĻ˵һ𣬵ȴΪ
ϫˣշҲʱûǿ
Ȼ΢һ¡
úõģŵôȱʧ
ȷʵ֣ԣҪԿ֪ǣĲ٣ȱʧȴ亱
Ϊŵʲô⣬Ȼû뵽ʱ򣬽ıһӱˡ
΢ü΢ѵʲô£
һۣ鶼Щѿ
Ƭ̺󣬽ɬŵȻġ
ʲô˼΢ɫһ䣬Ǹòỹʲôʵˣ
ҲʵˣǰҲûйʵг顣
ע飬顣ΪεԲκοƼֶο͵ġ
ŵʵֻȱʧѾˣµǴ齵λɶȺ
ǡ򴽣ż߳ܵҺ񶼱ҩŵ
ԣϫǾˡ
ע⵽ƺһʹ˵Ļ˲²⡣
¶˵Ǳϫסˡ
˭µҩɫЩ
ɫ˭
ԣҶµˡ
׾滹ʵǻ񣿡
˵ͷ
ΪʲôҪôδšü
ʵڲ׻뷨ǰѽѩ͹ȥģڽѩϣͽûлѶ٣͸֧˽ѩн𣬰׵ôıˣץŲ
Ϊˡ΢΢𴽽ǵԽԽǿҵıһֶҵʵ
-

627 

˵⻰ʱ򣬽ɫֻĿȴŷ֮ͷ·һƴֻȳʽնɱ
Ǹҩʲôϵϫղ⡣
˵ͷЩΪҵʵ񲢲ϣǿƵŮס
ԣԴΪ׵ɫѿȻʲôû˵ǵı飬˼ʲô
˽¶üϫյոΪʲôʣѩǸԲమģǡ
˵ΣϫմԼҵˮ񣬵˶ôӰģѩĻָ԰жӣ
¶ʱȻ
ΣЩεת仰⣬ʵǸʲô㣿
ԣϫյ˷׷ЦˣǻЦЦƽ۾ȴһ޵ɱ
ǻ˵𣿡īϣǲ֪Ͱˣ֪ˣᣬ𣿡
¶ʱܣʱҺһ𡣡
΢°͵ҵǾ֮ǰӦȥһ񡣡
ʲô˵ˣīϣԹصĺܣǰǶǷģֳһܰԵصģأܰԵûƭԼɫ⣬ܰԵ׷Ƶġºȴһģ·ôƭһǸĺˣܰԵôͷ˽ѩأüѣұжϧѩʲôӣ
ѩѩڳôͷ𣿡
΢㲻ܷϣ񵱳ȷʵܰܰԵ
ôҲֳֻжѡīϣһм
΢ûȻҲûΪĻı⡣
죬΢ͳˣīϣһûж˶һۣδϫա¶׾涼ȥˡ
Ҳȥع
īϣҪϻȥҲǱȺŹ
ԣīϣæĿڵҲȥ
ıˣˡ
ܴǴһûʲôҵ˽
֪ǲǴܾýƺЩ䣿
ǶһۣȻ׷׿ſڵ̡
ǸǴӷѡγģıûУΪֱȴ˭졣
˼ϳŵЩȻæдţԼ½ǰдλǰǰݷҼ𣿡
΢˵ͷʵ𣿡
ڣ񡭡һ仰û˵꣬һ˵Ҳڣ
ɫʱһμˡ
Ȼٿڣ΢ѾԽȥˡ
ȵȣһǰҪҸո˵ˣҼڣǡ
īϣһͺڰϮûӦһѪ
Դ޶ãȥ
޴֮űƿƵƺι˵һ㣬Ļչ¶
֮ǰԤֺܶܶĸ̬Ƕ׼Ȼ
ǰǷϲζĽǶˡ
㡭īϣɴ۾
ǶԽӡͣǧǰʱſεݣͦΣԲɷܰԵվһ𣬵һ衣
ܵĽԭأĨ˰ôˣ
˶٣ΪǶˡ
һ仰ƺ̫ʺϡ
ôӣ¶һš
˳ǣӦʲôӣ
˵仰ƹˤˣһЦһߵǾãӦʲôģ𣿡
ϫǶ֪ʲôӦ
һԵľ̳һ˴룬ĨĨǵľҺ֪ʲô˵ʵɣҰ
һ߿һЦҺˣҺˣ
ΪҲڵģΪܰô
ȥܰԵˣֲңҲˡ˵ô죿
ֳһƬѻȸ
ȻôܰԵΪʲôúöԽѩ֪˶ã΢ʵ
ܣѾûˡ
Ȼͼһ£ðβŻع˵
͵Ϊ治˵ʱ򣬾̫ܰԵˣҿһξһΡû£ˣû˽ɣͽˡ
˵ʲô˻׾Ҳȥˣȥס죬ݺݵ֪ܰԵΪѩ˶Ŀ֪ܰԵ뿪ʱж಻Ľѩ֪ǽѩ͹ʱǶôϣܺúô𣿡
ÿһ仰ƺѪ
-

628 Ȼ

һȺ˻ȥʱΪĬ
عǲ֪˵ʲô̫ˡ
֪ΪʲôôԽѩˡϫͻȻڵΪ½ѩ¡Ǻ޲ýѩʲôá
Ҳµˡ¶ܰԵͽһ֮ǰѾ׷ڽƨɺˡܰԵͽֿ֪ʲô˻񣬺Ϊ˷ޡ
Ƕ˷޸һЩྴҲãҲ޽ѩȻȴһ׷ĪܰԵֵģ񲻷Ź֡
īϣݺݵǸ쵰Ͳɺ£ʱ飬ʱˣ˭ϡ
Դ̾˿ȥɡΣܵýˡ
Դˣ˵û
ʵϣع˵Ƚѩײ٣У˵ǲһġ
ع൱ǵֵܽãУȻСһЩͬҲչ˳ģعǺƽȵĴڡ
ڽѩع٣ѩҲСǺӡ
ˣعǻ㹻غƽȣڽѩǾͬĸһ¶á
һߣҰһԣü㵽ôģҪͺͽĸ飬жǲ룬ͱôһģ
ԣЦ㵱밡
Ĩ˰ⲻĸҶҸ׽ãǡ
򴽣Щѹĸ飬Ҫֹġ
ǰˣԼĸ飬֪һ
ĸвɣʲôͶŽ񲻷ˣҰһ⡣
˵ĸ񵱳ȺǸģҲûôΪĸһ̵ֱ
˵ڻҪĲӦԣ
ǾĹ۲죬ԣ˵ûĸҲޡ֤ݾܶ²ΪԣǣҪԣĻ
ԣ̾˿ڵʵҸĴ
Ұһ㵣ڵҸˡһֱλŮڵûиŮһ䣬Ȥÿһ춼ĥ
أĸ׾ˣҰ񲻽ˣͲԩͷծȥҽ񣿸ʲôΪ˼ҽ񣿡
ΪҸֻϺڡԣЦĸѾ£һΪԼҲλ֮ˣĸ񣬵ٻûɥ˽ĸһȥ
ĸ񡭡ҲǿҪƷˡȰҸ񣬲Ըֺ֮Ҹȥ
˶٣ԣȻЩйҸҲǴġ
Ұû뵽Ȼô£ʱˣҲ̫ˡ
ɲعȷʵġ
Ҫ˵ʵýѩ뿪򡣡ع۲Ϊ
˶٣ҪԸ⣬ȫԴŮǧ鷻ӡ
ԣϫ۾ˡ

ǰǧ鷻һֱȥ¶ȻΪŵٺãȵһѩһС
عʵϣڶܹһֱѾЩˡ
˵ģīϣ۾ʱˡ
عͷ粢ǲսʤģϴε֤Ǹ鷻ĻȻû֮ж࣬ϣܹһʵȥԡ
ԶԶԣ²ܼȫİȥīϣæ
ǻǱߣǻҪȥ𣿡¶ʵ
ȥȻҪȥīϣככô˵ѩǵˣװ۸ˣ
ʱѡ˵ǽѩͻ˵Ժһϵ¡
ǣԣԣྵʱ򣬻̵ײײˡ
ԣ񲻺ˣҼ˴ˣòŮһ̵ֻغ
ԣһҸ񣿡ǶԷ˿ڽǣûд
ǡŮ̲Ŷͷĺһϵ飡
ԣԣһһԵĺҰҲվ˶һۣȥһ
ǵʱսѾȻˣϫ˫ִţ޾ĺˮޣצس˻񣬽̤ڵϣӿײ
ԣ񵹳һ־һɳҪȳ
ֻǲӽ񣬾һչӸ߿ӳʹɢ
Ů֮սҪ֡ѵ
ԣһԹ۵飬ֿԼұڵϰĸ񣬶ʱȻˡ
-

629 

Ҫָ˼Զ٣ʵϣһϵֵֻһŮ
ҲΪʲôԹ۵ûгֵĹϵ
һϵ鶼ô뺷𣿡ԣ񿴵۲ѣ̲סԺҰԹ
ǿ˼ֻҪѵԼĸһ£֣˵ʲô֡
Ұıȴûоȣֻǵʵϣλϫ񲢲һϵǿġ۵ͣһϵгȻ֮һ
ԣʱš
ڣȻһһˣϫˡ
ͷʶѾЩģĻ񣬿ڵܰԵҲãѩҲöǷ㣬֪ϲܰԵ㣬ȴ޷˵ؼ޸µԼʲôȥԹޣȥŽѩйߣ
ͷβĶԼ
죬΢ǶʲôûŮ񡭡
˵úܰԵϸ׷ƵģǽܰԵôȥҽˣīϣ
ѾûȤŮ˵ˣתͷͬǵͷһʾ뿪ˡ
΢ŻϣӳµĻ;Խѩɣǻ᲻ԣ
ԣ߽ôһвĿѣǸң
Ϊʲôң΢һϵҲ֪һҪûеˣʲô鲻
һ¶˾̡
ԣ̲סˡ
Ȼ󣬻ĵһӦץԺҪȥˣʹĶҲҪȥ
ԣЩ̣׻ûסʵΪʲôĸͲܲҪҸ磿
һ漴һе˵ʲôʲô磿ôܹǸҰֹϺӣ
һߣعʽ㻹Ƿн𣿡
УʱٶͬܰԵ׼ֻ꣬Խԣʱ϶ֹˡ
ֻŮˣ֪ʱپҪࡣ
ˣ治͸֧Ǳᾧ϶ˡ
һûлش⣬ȴؿڵŵϴǮǸˡ
֮ǰŵŮֱع˵н뵽¡
˵߰꣬ŵֻڹдϰ꣬ҲӦᾧ
عһ㶣漴Ц˵ˣԼˣøǮ
˶٣ȻҴ࣬Ҳҿųģҿϫǿһġ
ΪͬӽѩҲԸ
ѩһ۽΢ɲغ¡
һԵȴǴ˿Ѿ뵽ˣһֱڷôŪôᾧع˵óž»˹
˵޳ҲУôᾧ治Լ
͸ִƽգԼʮϰծҧŬȥҪϰڵծ񡭡ֻȥһ
飬Ҳͨġ
㻹ûشأǷн𣿡عʵ
Żᾧ˵ţЩɵ롭
عҲȻǸˣѵҪһֱ򣿡
æҡͷôᾧ
ǾͺˡعǰѲнȥŵ߰ɡ
Ķǻ򣿡
ȻһƬߣһףļҡ
Ȼǡʧ䣬ع͵ȥǧ鷻ʱǧ鷻
׼ȷ˵񲢲һϵ飬ǰҲᣬϴκҰȥ֮̽ĿǱʳﶢϹġʱǿɲýܵȥ
۾ʱˣȥ
˶٣ŵƷһˣнԼ취
ǳǿӣعҲ⣬㡣
Ȼǧ֮ԣӭ˽ĵá
ʱԣǸˣЩ޴ôˣ
ҪǮһģ˵ĻȴһҲ䡣
ԣɵˣʲô
ĸ͸֧н֪ɣʵ
ԣԣһص˵ͷ֪ԭǲ֪ģҲᵽǰ˵˵˶ˣⱻʱ
Ǳн𼸺ϣҪΪɣʵ
ԣͷȵȣȥø㡣ʵҲãҲãͷᾧȫΪӦΪѽԣΪ˵İӣͷᾧȻ١
-

630 ²

ȻԣСٶ࣬ҪϽѩһнȴЩġ
Щεؽİʮᾧݸ˽񣬡Ǹʮ򡭡
һۣӹʲôû˵뿪ˡ
һߣ֮ǰһֱ䵱ĺҰ̲סڵǮô绹
ԣһӵҵ룬ĸ񡭡
ҪĵĻͷôûǮҰ
˲֪֪ԣǰǮжôִŵġ
ԣԣһ㶣ǰû뵽
ҰЩʧһֱ˵ҪͺãҲֻ˵˵ѡûû֪ģû뵽¶û뵽
ԣţϸ룬ԼΪȷʵЩ⡣
˽ˮҰȻǱ軵ˣûܹʲôۣΪȱκ͵
ҰҲ֪ϣ֮гɡ
һߣعѾʰ뿪ˡ
ŵӣԴ𣿡һʰһߵǵʵ
ǺԸɷ뿪Ȼ򳤴ģСǹ¶ʷǳһ㣬Ҫ˵ö࿪ǵûУȻҲҩˡ˵ΪŮҲԸȥǧ鷻ġ
ԵġعشٻǱ壬ıҵУֻҪŵתƽȥˡ
̲סզ࣬Ȼ
һԵĳ¶ʵֱӻǧ鷻𣿡
عͷȥȽ鷻ϲȻٽŪֵС
ѲȥһƬˣԽԽѾԽˡ
¶ûֻʣ鷻ϲҪʲôҪҪǰ׼
عҡͷʲô׼
ҪкҰ𣿡ϫ
عһԥ»ǵһģߵʱ򲻴к񻰣ǽаɡ
ԣ¶ЦЦҲ֪Цʲôعùֲ˼ġ
ȻǽУҰͺˮһˡ
֪ΪʲôعܾĺҰƺЩء
ʵ֤ܿǲĴһǧ鷻Ұ˵һ¡
˵һ£оȻвٻ󡣡
ԣعǶסˡ
㲻ǿЦɣ¶ɫѿ
ûпЦҰ촽һֱߣЩ࣬ԶԶ֮еġ
˶٣ԼĪϴǸ鷻вࡣ
˵Դص
Ұ̧вټҵһһлġ
ԣ̲ס񺮣Ҫ
СȴҰһԥһ²⡣
ʲô²⣿¶ʵ
Ұعɱʮѡҵ𣿡
ûУһֱûҵ׾ӦҲģһֱڳ
ﶼ˲õԤС
ȻҰһЩǱɱˣǵҲ統Ʒ̵ˡ
ܰɣ׾һǸ鷻Ļֺֹô
عҲͷûҪ˵Ǹ鷻ԭʱҴв٣ͣǹģھ
Ҳ벻ͨġ˶٣Ұǣǻ磬ǾĸǸ̶ȣ񱻻ֶϢû£
һʱ䣬˶Ĭˡ
֪˶ã΢ڵ뵽һ顣
ʶȥȻ㱻ŵˡ
΢һҰף亹ðͫƺڲһܵŵģ
ôˣ
΢ǲﲻ
ϫַס˳ǵû¡
뵽ʲô£δüʵ
΢ְˣãſڵ뵽ˣǰ²׼֮еĻ硭ƺҲֹͣࡣ
˼ǡ
⵽δ֮⣬ڳ˵ɫѿ
¶ֶڷֻֽһ𣬡ֻɲ˵
Ƕ뵽ˣ鷻ߵĻȴû֮ǱߵĻʲôûȴ
ûһֿܣ鷻ߵĻɵ֮ǱߵĻ磿
֮ǶĻ磬лĸ壿
ͨЩʱ˶һɺӽŵ״˸εѡ
᲻ᡭ᲻Ż¶
īϣȴʿˮǡǲһ£˵Ȼ֮Ϊһ壬ʶҲ˵ʵ޷ʶһеġ
-

631 

һ˲䣬˵˵ҲΪ
¶ϵļƤҪǲ²ǾͲٵˡ
˵ô˵ʵס
ʮа˾ţǾʵˡ
ãҰ񿪿ڵĻˡһ򵽵жٻ磬һҪ۵ŪΪʲôлġ
˶٣Ұʵ˵ĻӺζ֪𣿡
ôʵʱʵϾ֮֮̽ǰЩ綼֪
룬⣬ԴΪ׵һɫˡ
عȴҡͷǲ֪
Դһ㶣ʶععѡعȴֱǵѵ֪֪˭˻磿
ԣԴǶʱˡ
ǰ˭֪
⡣عڵҾûһҪ⡣
ʲô
˲ɶ˹
عƬ̺Ϊʲô֮еĻĸ壿Ȼĸ壬϶ʲôĵطİɣ
¡û뵽
᲻ΪԴسŵΪǵһֻģ
Ļô
ǺҰƬ̺ʵһ鷽ġ
˿֮ǰ˵֮֮̽ǰҲ硣ͬǣĻ粢Ǽģһġ
ǸԳƸƭԼܹ˸Դ˻ôȻνĸĸ˿ŻǸˣʵϣѾһδ֪ռˡ˵Ұ̲ס̾飬Ҳ޷մȾġ
عȴǲɵ˵ͷ
ҰȻǷˣһʱܹԻ󣬵ʱˣܹĲ˵ġ
ˣǸ֮ܵķɣû˻Ὣɡ
ع˼ˣ˼ǣԵĻǴģ
Ұͷ
Ǵأ¶ʵ
Ұ¿ڵһˣ֪ңڼµµġ
˵˭׾Щʵ
Խ񡣡ҰԳԽһƧ飬ǸֻһҴˡ
˶٣ûж룬ǸҲѾˡǧȥڲѾ˵ˡ
ҲҪһҡʸɴѾˣţһΪṩµ
عڵҪ׾ǸźҰȥԽϲ鷻΢Ҿˡ
ԴЩԥعȰҺϲ鷻Ҫһ£ɲʱ˷ѵʱ򡣡
ǾͲһٺϲ鷻𣿡ʵ
عҡͷһֱٵˡ
Ȼ˵ˣҲֻͬ顣
Ұʵǲ̫뿪عģԽڵֻ˭ԲȥС
뿪ǰ˽ҵعԼ
ҵк衣һҪס
ʵܹع
Ȼϵǣع룬ڵҵع
һ˲䣬޴ľϲǻһŵ㡭ʲô˼
عתߣҰۼֿסĿӦһǲǣ
عЩ죬һԡ
ʱҲˣԼǷܶԷԷܴг롣
ƺҪ뵽УƫƫбԼû취ƿ
Ȼˣٽ֮ǧ֮Ͳˡ
ϾӱｲҲܹǣ֣ӵΪ¡
㣬ҰҲ˻ˣֽعȻ߾٣Ŀרעؿ
عЩڣ򴽵㿴ʲô
ҰЦȻӦһˣǲܹҵˣ
⻰ʾ䣬ȻعشӿѾͨҰִˡ
ס֣عʧ
ǻ䣬ı
Ұ񼸺޴ؽعתǸҲǹģ㲻ҪҪȥһ·ҡ
Ѿ״ˡ
عȴƽˣΪͻȻ·£ӿռȡµĸ·á
˭ƽﴩ·ϲڿɣϲһ·أ
ԻͷˡúعЩȵؿڵ
Ұ˿תȻ۾ˡ
-

632 ս

Ұһֱ֪عƯϾٰǶءȻ֪һ£һ¡
ΪݵĹϵعͷһֱɢŵģΪԵҪ̫
Ȼʱɢһ̵ĳȹعȴòˡ
鱾òһ£Ȼעȴ׽ʣԶɽе翴Ů˵Ľִżɬ¶
ɫУҲڶġ
Ұ˰ûƿĿ⣬عֵЩ˼
ǿعʱ򣬷ӦҪȺҰƽһЩ
Ҿ֪ع˿϶Ư¶һĵ
ϫ۾ЦģԳȥҳڷƱˣ϶Ƕá
˵ʵէһعǻûعΪʲôͻȻˡ
ȻȿҰɵҲ֪ʲôˡ
عϫһɵؿع
ع򴽣ûüڣһԵĺҰͿڵѾˡ
ô͸żֵ⡣
£Ŀɿڴˡ
ȻĿɿڴĿɿڴȴûȰ
ǳ¶عı飬ˡ
Ȼȴܿ͵ˡ
ҰعֲϷţԴشΣŷſһܿͻģ¾ᾧϵҡ
˺ˣīˣڣعµġīϣһˬ
ȺҰһߣعͿʼں鷻ˡ
鷻ıʵûֻڣŨĴ취򣬴취Ĵʹܲϵ顣
ع֮аں鷻ԼƺзǳŨĴ취
䣬鷻Լϡ
ԣҪں鷻ֻҪŹںϳһŹӾͳˡ
ԤϵŹںϵĹ̼򵥣Ҳ˳
һߣҰȴ˳
ؼǣǸԽڵǾҲҲ
᲻ǸѾ鷻ˣ׾ʵ
ܡ˵ţҰȡһᾧԽᾧǸӦһ¾֪ˡᾧ˴죬òҵġ
˽ӹӦһܿ׺ҰΪʲô˵Ļˡ
ᾧһ̶ʾ˵״䣬ᾧ᳹׳ţԽᾧȻûʲôȴûг׳š
һ취ҵԽ񡣡˶٣ҰҲһʧʣʧˣᾧͻٵ
ԣԥƬ̣Ȼδһ԰ɣ취ǸҲˣ͵ҽˡ
Ұ˵ͷȻóһСָϻһӣɫѪһһ뵽ᾧȥ
һ̣ѪɫĽɫĴᾧЩĲֲʧ
Ұϵ亹ԽԽ࣬ҲŽ
ڣȫᣬһѪɫͬʱԽᾧηƮɢ˿С
ǳɹ˻ʧˣ׾˿ڿˮ
ɹˡҰһɵǸߡ
Ȼͼ޷һƮȥ
˲ҵ飬æȥ
˰ܿ˷˲ԡ
ǡüͷΪκδԵԴƹܡ
ǡҰȴһԽ϶š
ΪʲôҪڵ
и
Ȼܿ죬ȳƬϰ֮Ǿ֪ԭˡ
δ֪򣬾ǵǻ硣
Щر𵭣ֻǿžˣ˵ĻҲͱ֮ǰǸ鷻һ㣬֮֮еԶԶġ
Ұüּ̧һѾ޴ѾС
սɡ
Ҳûзϻ˵ս׼
ǼǵúҰ˵Ļ֪ԾܲܶԸ磬ˣѣûóȻȫ˸ս
Դеľ޽͵ҽ棬һ˲䣬ΧͱһƬӿս⽫ȫ⣬ҰѱϺȡ
δ΢΢һЦΪĿγһ޴ˣҰ࣬ĻȴѹƵ³ȥ
İ֣ؿʼӿȻ׸ɫâ˸ףҰѶС
׾һһȥתһȦ̼ͽл綼ȦһΧУʹ޴ܡ
ΨһΪľǾˣû취Զƻʮ㣬ȫûνĸս
ˣҰѶս˲ֹһԽսֱҪˡ
-

633 

Ϊѻһ¶Ӧս飬һΣҰûȫ֣һֱΪԷ
ǵ͵ԶսʿּһѾ޴񹭳֣һ̣ŮɢһӸ߿¡
̼䣬ۿɼٶš
Ŀɼ֮ûκλˡ
ô򵥣Щš
֪Դеǰ̬սġ
ҰЩط˷Щ綼ϡˣȽޡû˵ǣһϵʵȷʵû˵ԤĻҪǿ֡
ˣϽȥԽɣʱ䡣һԵδڵ
ԣѺͺҰɫһ̷࣬ǺѾƮһξ롣
æȥ
֪˶ãǰʼִ
Щ׾üƵӡ
ЩӦѾʧȥԼˣ򲻻ưܡʵ
ҰͷȷʵˣԽ˵Щȥͬġ
˶٣û´ԽʱӦԼС
ȻǺһ
֮ǰҪһЩҲͽ˶ԣϸĻʵ̫Ĳ
ҰԽ
һ߽ΪҪһ㹦ҵԽ񣬲ԷǾڽŵĴС
ֻǣԽʵǲã˶ͬɱ֦һ㣬֪˻Ϊһǧʬ
ںҰļУλһģ
о˽룬Խ񻺻۾Ϊ׵ĺҰ΢΢һû뵽Ļ㡣
һֱĿ£ϣõİǺҰְƻ顣ȻȻλԻ粢ȤĽҲԸⶦ
Ҳû뵽Ұ̾˿
룬漰عʲôģ¸Ͳ⡣
ʲôҰ߶¡
ҪˡԽһȻҵѾ糹ռݣڵѪ붼ѾܻҲѾ᧿Σ
Цʥʼ򲻿ɱҪˡ
Ҫ㡣˶٣Ұڻġ
ʰɣһ֪޲ԵġԽ
ԼҪˣܶǰŵܣѾûҪҲ벻ܼȥˡ
ҰƬ̺ʵԴʲô
ԭΪһܼ򵥵⣬ԽȴĬòſڵ˵ˡ
ʥʼһǳ֮˵⣬ΪȻ飬ȴ
飿
˶Щ¡
Լˣ˭Ұü
ȻǴˡԽ۾ﶼ·˹⣬һϵʴȡݡǡ׸ԶŵأٳʹԵе貺͹âĴ񡣡
ȵÿһƬأÿһڿǴڵıΰĴ񡣴Ȼ䣬ȴýȴӦ
ģˡ
Ȼ˵ԷĻҲȷʵ˿ˮݡҲãҲãɴɡ
˵һƬհףϢ㽫Լͷ­ն£ͷ­껯֮ΪøḻȤһЩʳԼ࣬ʹΪ֮µѪ˴ĵرޡò㣬ֿԼ֫ʹΪ֮Զ߾񷣬ɢγһһ硣
λĴڣԽ˵ΰġ
Ȼô˵ȥˣǴ񡭡ܹ˾мֲ˼顣
Խ񿪿ڵʥʼȵ򣬵ȴȵ򡣡
ʱ򣬴ոɴȴΪǸܵʱ˼
˵ԽԽϣָоûо˶ײˣͬӤ֮ĸ׵һӵͬһδӾ߳ܣͬǧ󺣣ͬɿʶ˸ܵڶͷͬһͽͻȻ˹⡣
˼˽ʥ࣬ͷɽϵİѩ͸Ҳ⣬˵궼ů÷
˵ʵԽ˻дǰʹȻ˵Щʱκ˶ĵϡ
η㽣ŷĵޡ
Ȼ֪뵽ʲôͻȻñˡ
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634 

Ұ⣬Խ񿪿ڵʥʼԡڴгɳġ
ȻѾ䣬˼ȴһ֡鶼ӦȴͨܵԷĴڡ
ҲˣԷ˲ȴǵġ
˵ԽԽԽˡ
һʼǴģǸ߽ģͬĴ󺣺ǿգãҲ
ǣ֪ʲôʱʼʼûް
ǸӦ˴ĿܳΪеһ²ǻŵһСһСݡҪһ±紵ҪϵĸܣҪ˶˵ҪӵҪһҪۿơ
˵ԽỬ䡣
ˣȻȴûʵ΢ԸʱͷǶԷȴֹǣϣԼһ
ŬԼĿǣǻܹܵԽԽˣҲԽԽѹˡ
ǰů˺ݸǵĸȴǻް
ֱһ죬г˻硣˵ԽıѾǼȱˣһһ߿һߵ˻ͲҽУҪЩȻû뵽ǣȴǴݸҵˡ
ϮѪ񶼻ܻȥǣˣҺҵҲǳﴴֵ硣
ǴվʴȵģԸǵ
һȣǶĴڡֱǧָӦ˴ǸϽȥһZ򡣡
Ұûз֣Խ˵ʱԴǵɫ̱ˡ
ԽʥʼˣŪZںηʱZѾˡ
ҲʱǲŴӴǶ֪ZģҲ֮ڴٵôҲ᳹ʧȥӦӴ˽Ϊ硣
ȻȻ״ϣܹжZӦûû䣬ZҲ᧿Σˡ
Դ̲סʵ֪ZΪʲôһȾ𣿡
Խûж룬ԽһۣʵϣȻȾֻ꣬ǶZ顣ΪZģǾ൱ڴֱϵϻ磬Ѫֱܻӱɡ
ǵǸô£Ұü
ԣԽϳּɫǸʵҵͬ飬ҪռΪˣôһľϡˣѪҲûбܻ
ԣؼҵZ򣿡Ұ񿪿ʵ
Խ˵ͷҪ˵һԵԴȴˣZΪ˲ϾɱǵǰŽZ򡣡
һڳ˷׷ˡ
ԽͺҰ⣬δȴû뵽Դػô̹ס
㡭˵ģԽ񼤶ˣɴ۾ԴصǸҿЦ
ǿЦһЩô˵ʵԴػͦһġ
ԽŬĺ
Դؿʵ㣬֮кɫͽɫʣɫѾ֤ʵǻ磬ôɫأһֱΪǽɫʶǣ
ȻǡԽԼ죬ǺǴǴ
ȻѾ²⣬Դػ̲סһ
δ۾ʵô֪׽İ취𣿡
֪ԽһԴڴֻгŻ᳹ʧǣΪԴͷ޷ģ˵ûʵĳɹˣͷҲҪˡ
ԣҪһʹںϡ
˶٣ĻҪ⣬һãܾͱɴΪˡ
ǳɹ޸ĸƼΪˡ
ԣҰɫЩѿ
Խ۾Ѿˣ૵ǲҪִҲǱˡ֮µǿΪĴ̫ԴǵĴڲƽ⡣ϣͷ֮磬ֻġ
ԭڴɺʧ˴޾ļį
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635 

ȻǣȴǺ档ҪȻΪû˴һնûС
͵ǣǡǴӦһ¡Խǰһ飬ǰһ򲻵ѣһһҪȫ
ΰԵģ磬ǡҲԸġ
Զ貣Ҫɳ
ȺҰǻشԽ͵ɴ۾ʧȥ˺
˾þóĬȻ󣬾Ұ֣ؿڵҴӦˡ
ҲûԽ˵ΰԵģĹѫ˿ָժҲ˿Ĩȥ
֪Ҳ޷Թޡ
ƺǵĳŵԽʬϣ˫۾һһպϣҲȥ
ǻȥɡ˵ţԴصıȴһҲɡ
תתǾֻصԭ㡣׾̾˿
ҵΪһջǺܴġѵ
׾һۣ֪ԴǴôҪعȥðգ
˵
ϾǸ˵ǸͰﲻæ
ҰıҲ̫ãԴһصģһʼҶûڣתͷһʱˡ
ôˣδǾ㤵ʵ
ʵǣԴɫ̫ð
Դ򴽵һ顣
ʲô飿˷׷ɻ
ԴԼ̫ѨڵһЩZĵ伮ʱֻΪ޻̸֮ЩȱǱ֧ˣ
ʲô伮İʵ
Դü˼ǣʱΪǿ飬ȱǸӦصı仯ǳ֮Ϊʱڵ伮м¼˵ʱҪˡǿܹоƬԽԽϡ
¼һ仰ǿ󣬼ǿ󣬾罫ɱ䣬罫ӭµĽ
˶٣Ϊǿ֮ԣԽĻȴ˻ɡ
ĿĻ᲻᲻Խ˵ųʵ
ʲô˼׾Щ¡
˵ɡԴһ񿪱ʱ򣬻Ԥ뵽ĳ𣿡
ᡣ׾Ҳ뵽
ôɴֵ֧Ӱ𣿡Դص硭ڽĹУɲĨ
˵һ
Ҳ̫üӦû˽𣿡
ҰҡҡͷҵǾãֻҪ˼Ĵڣͻ˽
ǣҪȫ򣬱ȫ֮ԼܣȻĿȴҪݻ֮飬Ϊʷз硣׾ܽһ¡
ͷЩѰ찡Ǹ鿴ҪץҲס
ˣȻȥɡҰ̲סߴˡ
عˣЩ˻ϹƱƣЩȥ˵
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һνСŮ飬ҽعû˵һã
㣬һϳ˼ʧ䣬ȻǺҰĹĸûк˵𣿡
عһ飬໥֮䶼ֻ֪ͬиĸֵ֪ܽ
عҡͷҰ˵ĸ̸ǲ֪Ȼһĸ
Ȼû˵ǺͶԷĽӦòô
ˣɫصʲô𣿡
Ҳʵ벻ףԷԼΪʲô顣
ҡ񿪿ڵԺҰĸô
ôһ˲һĳףô
ȻȴڣȴҸ統Ϊȷʵ̫ԣ»񱾾Ͳ£ҲǳŽϵġǰԲ»񣬵Ϊ̫ˮˡ˻ӦöģమǶôõ飬Ϊ̫һˣΪԲϧ˺κˡ
ߣҰҲ̫ˡôҲӦúԼáˮ飬ҲǱƵģĸ׵ģһԼŮɱ֮޶ԣ
˵ʵعˣʲôǿ߼ֲۣƺҲֻеҡʢеʱеİɣ
ǻȻв˱ϴˣҲֻһʱҺܿ췴Ӧ֮
ǰôǸ飬ܲ˶ɣ
ô룬ع;ôԴһѣ
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636 Ų

ָо
عһʱòԣѣ󣬸ո˵Ļ޻طһը˿
ֱһʱ侹˷һĲŷӦз
۵һ
ع۾ͿһѪ˳һŵؿ
ôܣֻһǧ顭
عɫ伫ˣһɫĹӴɽӦĺԡ
һ̣ͼĿն
ȻôߵߣȻϣɴȥ
عڵĵط¥¥㣬˶һˤҪ˵һˡȴǶˡ
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Ȼң㶪ġ
Ұǻʱǰһɫأع֪εջ²С
¶أԴĿתһȦû¶ˡ
عӣ̥ˣܣһûϢڲߡ
˵ЩĽ;ϢıУȴǻûпʼ̥
Ϣչӵ̥ŷǳ壬̥ʱ򣬸ϵܸӦȻ֮бӻΪһЩаϲ̥ǿʵ
Щае̥ǵ̥֮ĲЧõġ
վϢ˵ģӿʼ̥˵յѾ㹻ˣǸʱӶĸͲǸǻῪʼĸ壬˫һгѭ
ֱ̥ڣ̥ٴγֶĴٰôһʱ䣬ôӾͿԵˡ
ȻƺϢ˵Щ¶һ
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ع£˸˽µĻ˺Ұ
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һӾͶع˵£Ҳˡ
ĸô˵أһֱ̫ס̾˿Ҳʲôˣĸ£Ҳοˣ˺һǵҽǸĸɱˣվǱߣָҹںġٺĸˮֶͬ鲻ѡұҲûңͶǡ
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Ҳ⻰ֻҪһڣҾͻأҲˡ
˶٣ҪϴԣëˣҲҪ⣬ˣҲҪȰңʲôĻ¡
عȴ˼ûǴĻ뿪֮ƺһֱҺˮ񣬵ȴûҵ
˵Ұ̱
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ִŮ̳иĸƲ·ɹ涨ܼ̳еһ룬ЩжŮɻὫƲŮ̳вͬȻҲкܶ鷱ãΪƳǵ֪УǱŮΪ׽Ĵڡ
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ȻҰ˵ûнյ»ŲǱŲ϶Ǳȥˡ
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Ϊ뵽ˣɫҲѿһ뵽Ǹ˺ĸĸŲңӦˡ
ֻ޲̽ץȻ
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637 ŭ

⸱ģع̾˿ʵĸŲ֪ж𣿡
кܶࡣҰҧҧ⹫ҵ֮ϲ̣ĸĸޣһ˸ᾧĸǴִŵˣ෴ԼҲһ겻˵࣬ᾧеġ
һ뵽ЩǮ䵽ĸηζۡ
²̫ԡҰЩȻû뵽£ӦõġҼǵúĸȥǰ˵˵ĶҡΪʲôһ£ڶû
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ĸ̷ʹǣǶ˵ԼûкᾧҰ
أʹ𣿡عʵ
ҰԥµһʼʹΪԷ̬Ȳ̫ãҾ;˼룬߲Ҫңҵ̬ȱ֮һȥҲʹʱˣ˵ûкᾧ
˶٣ѭźѵ鷻һһȥҹǮ鷻ͺᾧ
Ϊֹûκν
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Ұ϶
Ļع򴽵Ҳұ֤һаҪĽɫ
Ұһһȥλĸ̸жٸ飬ʱ򻹷ߺ޵ǽͷݡ
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ǲס
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عҪ˵ƭ˵ģǣԥ£׻ǿڵһ²⣬ҪҪһ
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ĸҰ򴽵ܲܰһæ
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ȽߣܰİعǱߵ̯ˡ
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638 ʵ֮

֪عҰһԴȴǶ˵ͷԵУʱȥ
Ұһ۾ԴأԼĲ
Դȴع֪ѵ֪ʥʼѾˣ˵Ҳ鷻ʱعƱػյ𺯣ʱȥа˲ֻģ
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ʱȷܰعȥ˵ϵ˲Ҷعɱ֣˽£ǻǸġ
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ˣ㲻õģ߲µģר鷻֮ͿˡҰ
ҰһߣȻʱ䣬عٴյ𺯡
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639 

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ʵ֮˶Ի󣬵Ҫ˵Ҫڡ
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ʱΪһЩС⣬ʵ֮ĴڵԱ֪֮͡
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ͬʵ֮Դضζʲôٶᾧʵ֮һôʵҲԴóʵ֮ͷ
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640 

˭֪ǿ־ŵɫˣֲ֪ǰ׷ҩҪȡֿ̥ûɹԼ̥ȡƳԼµһλ񡣡
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ǺҰҲ̲סˡ
Ĳ
ʶеҲСʵǿ֮ͷ֪ĻֵһΪϰ٣רŸ顣
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òᡭôİɣҰ̲ס
ΪȻ˲ͬġҲˡ
ôܣջæԼֳԼŵģֿɲûڲٵˡЩһӸһһģ˸һǽȺһЩɵġ
Ұûֻʵô״ˣ
ģ̸Զأڵ㣬ȻˣǾһջ¶ݵܳȥãʡŪЩ߲㻹Ҫߴߴᡣ
һǰţҰʱ˿
̸ʵһвϣ۵׷˵ܼ
Ȼȳʱ򣬺Ұŷ֣ͬеĲջ񣬻游ҵĸԼҵĵܵܲԴɽ
˵»ڵļ岢ǺǵģҵͲԴһֵܡսְȴһһԵһҵţһŲԴţǲϷš
Ϊʱ֪˶ٳңû뵽ǣǾȻҲһֱǰš
ֵܼΪͬսְͬԵֶͬȢһԼҪԵŮ
˵˵˭ãҵӻ񻹺úõģһŮȴѾʹʧһԴŮ˳˯ȻȴȻ
ջһһ͵øˣȥ˶࣬ȻҲա
ҰüĿɨҵͻ񣬵Ϊǲĸ񡣡ȻĻĸ£ĸԮ֣˲ᶼԹۡ
˵ʱҵͻ񶼲ϵȻºǻҲûʲôж
ԣջЩЩԹؿҵͻ
ҵͻʲô˰ɫģһֲ裬Т˳
ջ֪Լĸʵ˼ֻŷַ򣬵õһѾ޷ı䣬ǲǲģҲǲŭȻķŭǵһӦȴһûᣬһĥºҰĺûᡣ
Щ꣬ǶԺҰ񶼲ŲʣҲᱻѵ⡣
Ȼ˭Լĸ񲻻˵ء
ҪͣҰȴɫ˵öԡ
ǧǰ̬ȻԭرըȻôȥ̬ƽˣܶҲܹ͸ˡ
ҵͻʲô뷨񶼳ˣѹҪذ͡
ԣʲô뷨޹ء
鷻֮عѾһˣ˵طҵյ˷䣬֮㲻ˡ
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641 ߱

鷻洫ʱعҲã΢Ҳãû⣬ֻΪµ鷻ǰ̽
Ȼȥһŷ־ڴܡ
һǱˣǺҰ
ͼеͬȼһɺɫֺ첻ǻĺ죬Ѫһĺ졣
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Ұʢŭ֮£֮ǰѾһֻ֣ҲЩڳ
Ұ㲻ңĹĸ㸸ãѾ߱һףѵһ𣿡ǹĸ㣬Ź㸸ˮɣǿĲֻܹ࣬ضȹΪʲôԸҲԸأ
ҰЦеĶȴˡ
ٲ˵ǵ䣬Ǿͱˡûսʱ˵ϻϰߡ
ǱӹһĿѾŨĿ־壬ѵû뵽ǿĺӻģ
ҰЦеٴλ˹ȥ
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αװɷ˵ĺųǰĺҰ񲢲⣬̾˿ϵʼһһй¶
Ȼ׻ǱҵˡݿֻǴʱ˼ƣȴǷɲɫȻ˵ˣֻҪ㷴ӦԼ߹ƱؾͶ㲻ȥ
ҰĿɨˮأʼղǣȻҲ޹ĸɱֵǸŮˡ
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ͻȻʶӣԶԼΪĻҪ񡣡
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642 һѾ

Ҫֹȴһع˿תͷ΢ǵ˵ģ
΢ҡͷʾԼѿڵģ߱ףǸĸȴ⡣Ұɱ˺񣬽һ䡣
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عüͷ
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֮ǰˮֻһ۵ĹŮΪòһЩƷϷռˣûκδڸС
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УûǱȺҪġ
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643 رͼ

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644 

ԣ˵ı졣
ᣬ򶥶Щ꣬ӦáûʲôҪɣ֪˭ԥ˵ôһ仰
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ҵǲ֪رͼȻ洦ɼġ
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˵һʱҲЩԥ
ȻǾʹ˷ȴǲܵġ
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645 

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648 ȡ

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652 

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ӣֻ˵ǿֲʹˡ
֮⣬ԴͻȻ
ҷˣһϸĻܷ΢΢ֲǺ£·ʲô
ѣڳҲо·ʲôˣǵѹơ
ĸоĻɶ֮ľǷŭ
ΪȴһĪеĴͻȻǰҪѹһͷ
˵ĸоһġҪˣ
ɷŭֳ֮һһֲʱ񾪽еãҪ򣡡
Ϊ㣬㱨λãн񵱻ϵ
һ飬æӷף
нæָʾǰ˵õģ֮ȣ
Ļ䣬ǰͳһɫĹĻĻ֮ϣȻûֳֻĻϵ֪Ĵڵġ
϶ð亹
֮ľֻܱʮϢʮϢ֮󣬰õģһλæϣͷųԷ
֮һһԲͻƹȥ
ȵӵоԷ鶼ֹһ֮ʱҲȥ˲һʱ䡣
û취Թάʱ䶼ȴʱȴܳٶ飬ܹôʱѾǳ˲ˡ
ȻȴزǾͷˡ
׼˵ţнȷǧĽ𽣴˲䣬㽫ܵϯһʱûҡ
нļƻΪʣҲܲӰ졣˺ȴӰ쵽
Ȼ񿪿ڵȥˣܵӰ죬û취ǰˡ
⻰нŴ˿Ҳ˿
²⵽ֻǲ²⣬õ֤ʤҲһ
нֱ֮һλų֮Ҳˣͼӵ㣬һ޴гϷܵų˵ֳһЩȽ鶼ܵӰ죬һͷð亹
Ȼʱ˿̣ȴΪ⣬һ϶¶Ц⡣
ڴų֮һһ֣Ȼ޷˵ȴӻ˶ԷĽŲʹ֮޷
ȻڳҲӦˣǹܹѹֲֵǳҲԽѡ
ۼܵ˴ѹн񺰵Ҳú£˲ͬҲֻѹһͷԵʲôҲ˵ģ
һ˵ҲӦˣһ
Ȼų²׵ģһξҪڵĴ
ȻҼӳʱ䣬ʱ󣬵׻ͻ˷ߡ
ŹȥЭȻսн񺰵
ãӦһ
Ļ磬ͬʵȴǲµġ
عԼֲȫĺãյһ˲䣬еĻҲͬʱӳˡ
һɫѪʹӿ˳
ܵ˺ˡ
ˣͻȻУãҪͻںϣ
⻰ʱعͺҰҲãԴҲãһˡ
Ȼܿ죬Ǿ뷨
ûйѾعգƱزֵ£ںϣǾһˡ
ùҲǿԮ
뵽ܣԴһ飬ڵҡ
Ȼһ仰û˵꣬ӸӦ뷨عʹֱӷеӡ
ֻһ˲䣬ǾͶ˹롣
ֵµĳ¶ˡ
عҰع۵͸ŵǡ
ع˲ǵѪЦЦģа취ֻҪһˡ
áҰʲôûʣͽԼش
ع۾٣һ̣ڡ졢ɫзɳ˲Ϣ佫ס
һ̣һɫĹâͻȻڻ֮С
ҳعһ㺰
ͻ˳ӦĺֿŹâɽУһͶɫĹʵУһһɫ֦ϰңɲСĹӡ
-

653 

Դһӹгģʱ򣬾뵱ǳսѾȥٶˡ
ڹľʣ˲ӵʵԼҪԤУʵʲô
˵ţĿⲻɨܡ
֪γɺƶֱҪﲻˡ
Ϊ飬ܹȻǰһĶֵء
ľԺУƻõķ羰˵˾ȣҲر⣬Ȼһ
71
ôܣ
ȻܹЩԶɣġ
ٿǰľʣǱ仯һĴ
˵һͬУʵòҲǵβġû취˸ĹǼܣݵֻʣһƤģȻҪ
ȻڣǰλȴǷʣӲдӢȥľʼֱϵ¡
ٿϵĴţǰһӣǺڻһɫּӣǳһϵɫȻڣһɫӣ۶žµƣɫŷİơ
ǰҲһͷ̷ЩңȻȴһϸĴģ͸һӾ
Դص⣬ӵعأǱ߱˵ɡ
ع
عû°ɣԴЩеץס˾ʵӡ
ȻǰһжǳãҲ£Щöعġ
ķģѾǵˡЦ
ǰҲЦֻһϰߣЦȴ͸Ļˬʡ
ԴصԲ۾ͺҰģ
ʵͷһһŮһ̥Ů»תûǰļ䣬Ѱû𡣶ˣɲˣҰΪع֮Ҳ֪ôģ񼮱˹عӣһϵġ
عɲ鷻ķˣٸ鷻ķǰ⵰ڿɶ͡
˵ЩѩŮԼ¶ĶӣҲϵع˵ˣϵȱˣٶҲ
⣬Ҳ˼顣
ô£ԴЩȻҲܸˣǸ֪ǳս顣
˵𵱳ϲɸεЦݣҪʹ֮ع׼ȻعԴȴ׼ǵŵӣ㿴ˣ桭
̲סЦع϶˵˵ǽ˺ҰŽͻ糹״ܵġ
ʱǳսǳ˲꣬˵عĸˣĻ绹вٲΪ˱ν򲻵òرգʵ鶼ڼַս
̲ס̾ϢϧʱһжѾˡ
ôһ˵ԴҲ˵Ȼ
ˣаʵ֮ã͵㽫֮ջˡʵ
˾ôһ·˵ţѾع
һȺ˶ſڣδΪ׵˷׷ǰ
͵ءδһĵϽȥ·ɣΪ׼ĻӭҪʼˡ
Դ̫̫໰Ҫ˵Ȼͬ۵״Ŀģȴһ䶼˵ˡ
ܺá
ѾõĽˡ
·ͥԺδĶ䡣
Ҫˣ֮䣬ڵͽˡ
ԴתͷȥͿһϤӰβϤŮδõǰδеĿֺҸҲδǰδеʹ
ƺԴصĵδǰŮ˵ԣҲĴڣҶԣҲˡһֻҾñ
ǰˣĲһ㶯ݶûУȻҪٵҸ
Ůһʧ뿪δͷԴصôҲѧ¶ǰˣ
ȻûЦ⣬Ҳû֮ɫԴ˿漴Цһ߰ɣ򣬾ùİġ
δһ漴ЦİҲǼңϤġ
ԴҲЦˣǵģǼҡ
Դأ˵𣿡۵ɤӲԶ
δЦˣһԵԴЦǧغǧãҪˡ
ԴһͿĺһǰһǰܹһƺҰһعһӾϳǵݡ
ԴԴ壬أҪ񣡡Ϊ׵ǧһ㶼⣬ͱסԴصȡ
ǧһЩ̫˵סδ½ǣǧҲҪ
ԴصɫһҪС
-

654 Ȼ

ĲҽӲдԭɫصƥɽϿʼð亹˫ֿʼϽ
æĸѾüˣÿһ˶˳һѪˮ
ְ֡ĳ̲סס½ǣҪ޲޵ǲҪˣ
ƥɽɫЩŤģһµģúõģúõġ
˵ʼʶૣ·˵ԼȻȴܿƵ
һԲֵ֪ĵǺͿֻţأڵԼСľ
ʱһһţѾʼźʱŲźӲܳһŵʵƥɽ̫ܽСˣȥ˺ӶҪסˡҪ˻Ǻӡ
ȻҪˣ
ƥɽļ˻Ȼϣȴһԥ˵Լ뷨
ϸһ㣬ܹ֣ƥɽ۵׼Ҫĺ¡
ҪסԼӣŪǸ֡
ǡʱһɫĹâӸ߿н䣬ֱֱͶ˲
ǡ񼣣
֪˭һ䣬ȷӦͷͳ˲
ƥɽ֣ͣȴʲôû˵
סԼ۾ȴֹסشָˡԼ
ӤȻбѾ׼ȴûǰأһڼ͸ԼҵĴƥɽ￴
æĸ˱źӴ˳ӱƥɽǰڹϲǸǧƥɽ¿ǶŮ˫ȫˡ
˵ȴûκιϲ֮ɫˣǿƥɽ񻹴żֹŹֺΣǳЦ
ȴʱһӰͻȻӽӤǰ
񡭡£ӤĸŻˣŹȥ嶼ſ˵ϡ
˵ķӦûбõģƥɽͻµȺѹù˵ϡ
ǸŮ𣿡дɤ
ֳ˶̧ͷ˶ûпӰüı顣
ȻȴеӤ
Ҷüͷ
Ӱڵ֮Ѫ֮ƢԸδ֮ΪͻԻ֮
ʲô
Ҷ۾Բˣһֻ̣оǻдһʹƺʲôժˣܸоıƤԱȥӰһͶĸǻˣǾʹ·Ǵһʧˡ
һУӰʧˡ
Ҷصĸͷ󺹵ֱ壬תͷƥɽ˳ǵǸƥɽ⺢ӡ
ƥɽӱֻ֪Ƕô뽫Ӷȥ
ллǰæͲǵʱˡƥɽӲضŸ
ǶһۣҲƥɽ̬ȣ뿪ˡ
ǿȲ˷Լļš
ʱ򣬰ʰõҲ˳ЩСƳҶһۣȻƥɽѾܽʰˣѺӱȥܽι̰ɡ
Ȼ֮ǰʥʱڲУȴһǽסģ֪Ҳ֪ˡ
˵꣬͸˭׷ƨɺһˣƥɽҪıꡣ
ƥɽź߽˲̧ܽͷˮ
úϢﲻҪ۾޻ˡƥɽӲص
Ҷ̧ͷһܽȻ̾һ
ܽһΪòŮӣò֮ϱӼĴ󲿷Ů񶼲ȻⱲӵΪ̲סҡҡͷʵ̫ûнڲˣз֮
뵽ⱲԼδɿʼͷ
ƥɽҡҪι𣿡ܽ
Ҷһַۣ·𱻴̵һתͷ
ʸι̣ƥɽۻеӤһҵȻȥŪһͷĸĿҲˡ
ܽҷСأҪ֡
ƥɽ죬ۻ֮ﱻ˻ȥյȡɡ
ܽԥãſڵͽȻòã
ûƥɽ
ҶءȻʵѾܶˣȻȴûпڡֲɵ޵ĺǳԣҲǰġ
һֱϣųһС飬Ӹˡ
ƥɽһιһؿ͸ˡ
㲻ƶҲ㲻϶฻ԣȻΪ۲Ϊ뷨ȻһճӤǻһ˵ķ䡣
ҹԾ͸ѰˣӤҹȻһļͥٶҲֻš
ռ䱥һ٣Ȼ
ԼƢĲλȻ̾˿
Ūⶫ֮ǰһҲұֳκģҪԼš
ɲ﷭
-

655 

ʵǶܲˣ˯ţȻԲ˯ˣʼⱲӵ塣
ǸνġƢ
˵ƢλռλòȻȻȴŲɺԵĴڸС
ͷһеĸֽԶ
ȻһӦͷƢǿȾԲܹġ
£ⱲȻȴǰǿȱҲѰܹġ
Ƣ໹ڲϽȡ
Ҳ֪ȻǿȲѰܹġ
˵ƢƺкܴĺôȻȻȴһҲϲ
ûǸĻΪͻԻ֮ʲôġǸţ˼
Ȼ̾˿Ϊ˵ֿθļòʼȡ̲
ȴʱһͻȻС
ع
ȻһԴأ
ǱԴƺ̾˿û¾ͺãǧغǧҪˡ
ӣȻһ
ϱӣҰ񶼻˺ܳʱ䣬ΪûоͷĹϵʵûоʹԽˡ
ʱǧغǧܳȥðգĳһͻȻŻȡҰͳȥˣ;ȴһٴ۾ѾȻˡ
ǧغǧû°ɣȻЩĵ
û¡˵£ԴػЩԼ˷ծûʲô¡
ԣȻЩЦЩ֮С
ǧغǧΪְĹϵϲϷ˵һһΣǲ֪غ˺ǲΪ⣬ιȻߵˡ
ԴʵʲôкҰأҰһ𣿡
Ȼ̾˿Ӧǽһ磬תһں衣ǲһ𣬵ܸӦһ硣
⻰ƭˣ֮ϢͱԭˡֻҪͬһ磬ܹӦԷꡣ
񣿡Դ˿漴𾪵˵ת˰񣿡
ǵġȻεⱲӵһλ飬ĸһˡ
ôܣԴһŵȷĸͨķˣûκѪĻһôܻĺӣ
飬ǲܷġ
ȷȻĸһз֮һɷ滹ͬĸ츸ĸ硣
ԴضָӵĹϵˣǸ𣿡
ǡȻͷ۵ؽԼ˵һȻҷǸƢлʲôãܰժ𣿡
ǸƢôٶ࣬Ҳһʱը
ԴҲץϹˣ⡭ͬͬҲ֪Ĺ򣬸޴ӷ
̲ס̾˵Ҫ˸öãôȰ㣬ǲ
˵Ҳһ׮ףԴΣ֮󣬳ع֮½½ضԼʵһײ㡣
عǲ񣬵ԼҪ񣬾ͻ᳹ʧȥ˵;Ϣĺľϣûһ磬ֻ߹ô磬Ҳ׽
ˣȨ֮Ƿ
תɰҲܹͨʱת壬ǲܵǣˡԴؿϧ
ǸƢ࣬˵ع϶ǣá
ȻǲڣİɣԼ취ӦģǧغǧҪ鷳տˡ
Դ̾˿ͺҰչ˺Լͺãõáʵѣǳǧ鷻ǳ֮ҪԼȫΪء
ϱӵعȻû񣬵Ϊں˴һʼû˺ȴԳ˺;һĴڣȡеǽ֮תơ
ֻҪ룬еκһ鶼ܹٿء
һ㣬عҲ͸˺Ұͼͬ飬һԶŮûи֪
֪ȻҲģûô⣬һµġ
ԴصǾͺãԺ¾ϵңǱδ֪ҾͲϵˣҲӰ쵽㡣
ȻȻû
۾ʱȻŷ־ȻѾһҹȥˡ
ƥɽʱ򣬾ͿŮӤͻȻ۾˫۾ƽ˿¶
һ漴̲סһڣ֡
ȻüȻ¶ԷԼ񣬵һһֵĽţȴ˭Ըġ
-

656 ɩ

ƥɽȻӱǿµŮӤҲֻڸȴûʲôΪ
ȻҲҡ
ͬգƥɽȻι̵ʱһľͷƿеӲӤԣȴյѺöˡ
ƥɽһƿιȻһ߶һȼܽҸɩ˵ˣԺչȻÿ¸ңסǼҡ
ɩǴģԭɷͶŮУ˴еĵڶһȳȵĵ꣬˻һŮۿӿʼˣȳȵɷȴڿʱҰײˣûŮҲˡ
֮󣬺ö˶˵ɩӲףĵȢŶףԼҲЪٻ˼
һѸڴȴѹ
ƥɽȴѵõĺûᡣҲ࣬һ˻ȴǴ´ˣ˼һס·ȫԼ֯õİɩӶԣÿµҾͶǿԴġ
˵ƥɽȻӦȻҲﳰЦñӣʵǲĽġ
ǿŮǰ
ûѪԵϵֻҪƥɽȻԺĺӣ
ǿû˵Щսʿļ˹öӡ
ϲÿһЩƥɽռ˱ˡ
ɩҲԼС˼ĥԼ׳ټҲڹȥԺ˾Ͳ˵ˡ´ٶǮǽˣҲ䲻³
ԼǺúýȻչ˴ҲָչˣֻҪԺǲһ£ˡ
ߣһʧȥӵĸףȻﲻĺҲԸúչ
ܽһ٣۾ðỨ͵͵ãġ
ɩˣȻסݣƥɽֻĸҲ˩ſڡƥɽ˼ֵúףû£ϣӳһǰ
뷨ɩӰ̾˿ȴʲôû˵ʹտȻ
ɩȷʵǸϸŮˣ֮ȻҲûжˡҹ㲻ޣɩ״򲻶ι̡
绻ƲסСҲܿʧˣɩڿ죬ȻõĶϴúƵһ̫Ϳʼæ󵽱СӣԺﶼɹˡ
ıȻ⡣
ͬģչ˵Խ࣬ɩҲԽ۹ɿɰȻ
ԼӵģѰжˣȻȴûĹɺô
Ҫ֪֮ǰúܵģϾĴ˵֮ǺѴģΪǾƲסˡǰׯУ˵ӵĸ˶ء
Ȼ֪ȻĹ֮һϧΪӵº˵ѹֻƢ޹ؽҪ
ɩֲ֪ô粵˽ȴǲͬЩ˵Ļġ
ƽΪչȻǸȻ˯һŴġһʼû֣Ǻܿ죬ͷ
˵չ˺ӣչȻɵĺӣҹǱⲻ˵ģǰɩӲֻµˡ
ȻɩȴûиеƣҲûоõ֡
ǰԹٿ࣬㲻Ϻá
ܿ죬ͷԭˣȻ˯ŵʱϻᷢ⣬Щ˷ǳƣÿȻߣմ˲ٹ⡣
ҲˣɩһҲΪȻþ͸ǿ׳սʿֻ۸ˣҲ˻С
ЩܿƵǰߣȻǺߡ
ɩ뷨ǲ֪ģҲɵûнԼķָ߱ˡƥɽһңԥҲûиǡ
չȻʱȻͬҲƥɽһҵΪ
ȻȻദʱ䳤ˣƫˡ˵ĶԹ˵ĶԹȴ޹ġ
ƥɽҲۣϾȻףܽȻŮŲʣȴǲ̫˵ġ
Ҳ֪Լ뷨ûеԲû˵ΪССıҲûнȻϵķָǡ
ɩ˵Ǽа㵱ĸģҲһֱֲˡ
Ȼû뵽һֱȻ߻˵ƥɽҲܽҲûܷһ㡣
ðɩӸӲܵǣ̺ȻʼƥɽһҵУȻûеõ˿ڼ˵İõĳĮӻĮӡ
Ϊ˽²֪жۣҲֹһȰȻ
ȻȻԺȥһҪˣӲǽ̹㣬㲻Ƕ𣿡
ȻЩΣȻƥɽһҶ̬ȣҲϲƨɵˡ
ϸ£û
-

657 ѧ

Ȼ֪ɩ˵ЩΪáûʲôʶǾúӻҪõĸ۰źá
ദѽȻԼӿȻϣʲôȱʧ
Ȼ̾˿Űɩӵӣ֪ƥɽҵĸס
ɩһ㶣ܵ˾ţȻܿ죬뵽Ȼӡ
һеĲֻҪӣǾͺˡ
ɩЩţܽĸףȺǶĸ硣
֪ҲŮáɩӼȻЩεص㲻õģҲΪ˸еģˣҲͨĺӣӡ
ɩһȻ۵һƬγԼ˵û˿ģɺҲһ
ǲģȻôôɰܽƾʲôϲ
Ȼܲµɩӵ뷨ȴ޴Ȱ⡣
ϲ£ġٺãҲעõһҵϲ
Ȼܿ죬ɩӾ͹˲ΪȻѹˡ
ѧˣ
ѧƿ֪ʶˣ磬ƽպܶ඼ֻ˵ѡ
ѧһΪȻģ֪˭ôһ䡣
Ȼȴû˷Ļ
ϣѧֻˣһǻ͹壬һǰһԼĺͼ̳ˡ
УֻȻһ˷ϵڶҪ
ʵҲˡ
˵ǴгһŮͷףһɫӣһѧ߿ѯʵ
ǵģͲСĴ峤ŻشǺӽȻʱõƢࡣ
ޣѧߣּ⣬ǰŮ¡ѧҽܵ
á峤˿ڿˮҴȥȻŮ¡
ףͷ·
һ˵ƥɽҵʱƥɽһѾյϢſˣȻҲɩӱվſڡ
ѧߴޣƥɽҪǰкȴǾȻǰϥհ£ѧޣ󽫻ᵣʦ
ƽնΪѧߵƿ֪ʶȴ֪ѧߣӵѪܹӦϵġ
͸ӦˣǰλŮº͵ԲڵųȻ޷֪̽ԷǿȣҲ֪Է֮ǰЩ˵΢
ͲС񣬸˵λŮһ
ǱȽмʶģԶԶŮȻȻСֻÿ覴õ٣Ҳ˵֮ٲЩŮ
ͨ߸ϣѧߣȴ֪鶼ʲôеġ
ǡձ鶼տء
Ȼֻһ񣬵ֻҪԺ󲻳ˣǰ;Ͳɹܹһ飬δ˵ˡ
֮ǰΪԷǸŮȻᣬȴǰڳ̬ȡ
ԷĳɾͲڰսʿܹӰʵԱͲҪˡ
Ȼɫָˣʦѧ߽ڰƺĹȻˣҲûоܾɡ
Ҳȷʵѧϰ˽һˡ
ڵĴ̫Сˣ˼ʶޣպһѧߣ˽;
峤õķѧߣԺȻÿմ絽ȥ̵ܽ
һͺ˯ڼ˵ȻƥɽһҵĽӴˡ
ϵģһϣƥɽԸȻ˲ˣɫԵ㡣
˵ı黹ЩӲȴܿѾֳѺˡ
ȻˣһԵİɩӾ֮뵽ʲôЩ̫á
ƥɽľٶŵȻܽȶ¶ȡ
ɩһ̵̣ݣ׻̲סǸ꣬ûģ
Ȼؿ˹ӣµƥɽĿˣ
ɩ¶ԥ
Ȼһգգؿ
ɩƥɽԼ˵ˣȻи׼㿪ڵƥɽǴҪ㽫ѧ֪ʶ̸Ⱥء
Ȼס
ɩӻţæţǰҲǳ¡ƽֺͨð񣬴ѧ֣ܵǸ˳Ҳڴǿࡣ
˵꣬߷ߵƽʱûãô˾ʹôˣ
ȻĬãȴǵҲûôһԵĴõģûٹҡ
ɩ۾ȻȻòԸɣ
ȻشҡͷУ㲻ܳƾʲô
ȻЦЦ͵ܽҵˡ
ƥɽ黹ƷãЩҲȷʵû
ԣɩӶʱ޻˵ˡ
-

658 ޳


Ȼѧûɩӵſڣһӹȥ¯ϵݸϽˣô䣬ȥһ塣
ѧѧߵסҲ֪ʲôʱʼҾͿʼƺˡ
ллӡȻӹССڵؽһСȵˡ
ᰲɩѾŵߣֽӹĿ룬һë֣һߵô죬ѧ߸¾ûϢ죿
ȻЦЦϢ䣬ҵѧòǼ·£ʦǶ̼һ㣬䲻ҡ
ɩӻ˵ʲôǡʱԴſ̽˽üͷһ壬ʵ𣿡
Լˣк򴽣Ȼһ۵Ȼ
ɩ۵׻һĨȴһȣȰȻѧ߲õҵ͹
֪һʲôܿˡ
ɩӷ˸ۣһûС
Ȼҡҡͷûз˵һж̬õˡ
СԵ²ûм䣬ȻܵĸֳӰΪĮӡá
޲õҵ࣬Ȼ˰СʱʱˡʱҲѾ˳ʱˡ
ɩǣȻȥ˶ݣڷˡ
Ȼи¯ӣҲոˮǳԷҪݡ
ƥɽ˰ɩչȻʵϣһƽﶼԼֵġ
ߵķܽģһûУȴɵú䣬ղ˵ãҲˮ׼ϡ
ƥɽڴܸɵģԣƤӣһ׬һûġ
ˣĸķ
췹һ£ƥɽͽһֻȼеȻС
ԴˣȻѾˡ
ƥɽˣ㲻϶໵ԴȻʼȺ֣ûжϹ
ԹƥɽԸܽͽ˳ѧϰ
ѧˣȻʵ
šӦһֶд˳Ȼһ顣
Ȼ˵ͷϹأ䡣
˵ֲһĸѧʵǱȽϴĺˣѧڣҲ̶ֳȡ
ǻɵģΪȻͨõֻҪѧĺġ
֮ԣ͹Ϊ˸ӹţҲģܴ߶һ֣ĵĽ壬Ѷɬ
СѧϰȻֻϣżҲʣ⻹ѧÿĿİͰ͵ġ
ȻԴ顣
ȻԣǷǳ˳Ϊ֮飬ƥɽҲֻǲϹѲʲô
ɩܾƢ̫ãƥɽһ̫ˣʵϲˡ
ǡȻԼƥɽһҲϵԺ˫ȫˡ
Ҫȥ磬ȥˣҲΪͣŲ
ˣܶûмƽϵıҪ
Ͱɩ֮ʵһġ
ȺѧϰʱȻڿǱ߽顣
ǸǸռߣССģʵȴװ˺ܶ顣
ʱ䣬Ȼڵ粻˵ô˽⣬Ҳˡ
һҵ硣
һƬ½һƬܴڹ½һƬȻڵ½
ڹ½˼Ǹڣս಻ϣΪȨе෢һһս
ڹ½ĻҺ½ǰģİȴԵ޹ʵġ
һ½̫Сˣģڹ½İٷ֮һҲĴ½ʵʩչֽš
Ȼˣ½ҲûͳΡ
Ȼ½ȴƬ½ϵ˶ɵġ
෴½֮Ϊĺ԰
ţ½ԭûסġһλһλǳϲˣܵӵȺͽ˲ص½
Ʒյʱλ黹½ܸǡ
һȣ½Ϊݲؽĵһѡ
Ȼ󣬲֪ôݱģ鿪ʼϰ߽ÿඪ½
ö֮½ƽֵ͸
Ѿϰܵ½ˡȻڹ½֮սսʿ½ġ
ѡ̣Ҳϰܵ½
Ͼ˭ϲĿ
Ҫ˵ȻջȴǴ޿֪ԼڵǸƢൽ׶ԼԼʲôá
Ȼ׼õ𰸵ʱ򣬻Ǳ˸Ǻ
޳ܵģûмô޳ܵģ
-

659 Ӥ

ʱ˵ġ
һܵõ͵ܹǿǵ°빦֮⣬͵٣ȻҲƿڶԷһѡ֮⣬ԺͶԷпܱԷߡ
˶٣һ㲻̫ģ򲻵ѣ鲻
ȻʱζҪըˣȴһƽʵ֮⣬𣿡
ûˡҡҡͷο㲻ҪޣⲢʲô޷ܵ顣ʵϣû͵٣Ҫѵӵõڱ£Ǹûʱȥ
鵭ѾǺõˣǸսʿȻϣãлͻƳΪġ
ģ˲еĿܣǿҲһӲʹ졣
ҽƢժˡȻ̲ס
Щ뷨漴ҡҡͷǲҪˣϽ⡣ǰҲа뷨ǣ͵ժ֮󣬲˵ʧٻɵвķɾԿסġ
ָƢĲλƢժҲɻжԷʱ򡭡
޲ûаѻ˵꣬Ȼβ²뷨
ʱûбֳʲôʵȴòᡣ
ĥһ£ҪƢǣƣ򵥵ķǽǸɵ
Ȼѣ֪Էһ飬Ͳ֪Է˭
˵ԼʱԷͶӰˣΡడ
ȻʹޣȻҲ֪˵֪ĴҲΪ
˭Ҳ֪
˵ΪƢϵһԷͻϳԷ
ԴˣȻƼˡ
ҲǹҪҪȥܽȻ뻹Ƿ뷨һûн˰̵ϰߣ֪֪ܽδ֪ء
һյѧϰ֮Ȼ뿪Ŀˡ
㡭ɲԽ
ȻȥŤ򴽣һһѧ߸µĻѧ
ҪѧҿԽ㡣Ȼ˵ǽͻǷĻ
ȷʵһˣ֣Ϊѧȥҹ
ȻȻ֪һ㣬Ҳ벻ԶԶȲˡ
ȻûʲôУҲ̸ϸ顣ǲɼˣͬ
ˣҲȥΪǴ㡣
ͬԼ뵽ˣҪˣҲܾ
ԼƥɽһҹϵĶ塣
ɩӿУֻԼĺӳ˺ܶ޿һˣ⺢ӲͨĴ
뵽δ̾˿
ϧһк
һĶ伫ˣСׯȴǳһ¡
峤һԼſһСӤҪ˾ˣǸСӤԲıڲԼ󴦶ǳǳɫƬһ˫ɫ۾Ǻͫơ
⡢⡭峤ͲСŵùǺ
峤Ӿ͸Żˣһ㣬һߴ󺰵ϽǸﶪ
峤ȴǻعˣԥ£ǰӤ𣬶޵ڼҴţȥѧ߿
СӤʱȻ޵ָ
𿴴Ƿչȴǳ֡֡ѧġѧƼСȻֳ˹˵츳֮޾һֱڽһȫš
峤бŵӤ޶ʱˣ⺢ӡ
峤ͷ󺹣⺢ӡǲǹ
ǹҲﲻ𡣡Լһ仰ͰѴ峤ŵùǺҲˣڵ⺢ǺֺѪ
˶٣Ѫƫ࣬ûа취ںĹϵĸײŰͻ
֣峤ûʲôʶһɻ
ȻһԽ͵Ǻеķ࣬ЩȻɵģЩĺ
ĺ峤һ㶡
Ȼ˵ͷĺܶ඼Ƿ˵ģܶ鿴ȥͷǳ
峤˶ˣɡΪʲôҪѺӶҼſڣ
ȻһһԵޣɵԷǳʦģ
峤ҪһȴҡҡͷᡣԷѺ͵ſڣ϶ҵѪ
ôܣ峤һ塣
޵㰮Ųš
峤˿ڿˮҳӺͳϱŮڳŮˣʣһ硭14ꡣ
еӣΪСʱ岻ãԲôһС
-

660 İ

ȻҲÿŪˣ峤ҵҶ
ȴʵеǲǳúܺÿôţԴҲȤǲʶ峤ӡ
Ȼȴ۾˵绹ĺܺÿȻͻСԵꡣ
´û˭ǳóģһȺСУҲǺȺĴڡ
һȻı֪ʲôˣڵҲãҲãϲƯˡ֮ģŮһġ
˶٣Ŵ峤˵͡14ҲСˣܹžˡ
峤ιȥ˼ǣŮҼŮ
޵ͷˡ
ǡô죿峤ɤӵ
¶⡣
Ȼ͵峤үүǵӻˡ
㲻õġ޵ֲ¡ڸֹУºˡ˵ŮĸĺġãԺ˵ҲܱѡгΪսʿ
峤˿
ˣȴȻǺӺʺϳΪˣ⣬Ժúù۲һ
͡ˣȻɴ۾
޵˵ͷ֮սУսʿѾǶսˡÿһսʿдСˣΪս׵õĻĸ
˶٣˵ҲԴӴѡͨൽһ㡣
Ȼʦ롣
ؼҵʱǸӤѾ￪ˡ
û뵽ɩһߵȻ·һߵǺӿʵ󣬾ȻҲ
һҡͷһ̾
Ȼô֪Ǳǿȵģ
㲻еǿŮľˣĸŮǿȵС˵һ룬ɩӾʶ˲ףһε˵ģˡ
°գȻȻŶ󰡣Լô˵ֻ
Ȼҡͷʾ⡣
ǲͬɩӵĻ˭˵ŮĲǿеˣ˵绹ֻһӡ
ڶ죬Ȼ˵ǸСӤˣǴ峤ȡģౡ
˵ΪĿѰӤЩһǡౡ
һʼ˶౻ЩԶ֮ʱˣӲû𣬱㲻ٶˡ
쵽ʱΪ޵ҪȻȥ˴ӸСҲժҶһҶ
ԭǴȻ滭ģȻ֮ͷȻⷽ漸ţһ±ʣƷͿȴʦ
Դˣһȴûж롣
磬κβŵϾ˵ͨˡ޼ճ;ͨ飬ҲճսȺ顣ԱȻ㲻ͬҲͲôˡ
ɵ㹻ҶȻ뿪ͻȻһˮһ㶣˹ȥͿһСУһˮˣ
ǸӤ·ߵˮȴһھѹϡ
һҲûеӣһ˶Цúܿġ
ȻЦЦ뿪һ΢ͻȻ
ౣĸˡ
Ȼɴ۾ƭˣ˵һҪһġ
ֱصѧãȻЩز
ôˣ⸱Ĳɵģ̲סʵ
ȻҡҡͷʵʦǲǶúܳ󣿡ΪǱǿȵģ˭֪
һ򵥵⣬ȴԥ²ŵⲻ˵
Լѧһ⣬ϸ˵һ֮ǰ˵ܶຣֶĺһЩȻɵġǵģȴԲҪݵĻħԵȻͲһһ黯ˡ
Ȼ۾ɳ˼ǣҲ
ڸѧҲˣ֪ۣỰϻ̲סСΪǲʳ˼̻ģʵϣܶ鶼ûнڲٿԵġ
ȻȫļƤˡ
޼аҲȷʵСֵĺֳǷġ
Ȼ˿
£ȴ˭û˵
ϱȽ츳Ĺϵ֣ѧٶҪࡣ
ѧúãƥɽ֮һźƤȻ
Ҫ֪ƳĺƤƥɽ᲻ԼãҪõȥġ
ɩӰֵĺƤ˵ƤƯѩѩ׵һ˿ëûУůů͡ҸΧ˶죬žͲ겱ˡ
Ȼǲ⣬ʲôöû˵ְ׺ƤĺƤռﶼв١
ƥɽ˶İãҲ⡣
-

661 ̹Ȼ

յʱ򣬰ͶȥɻˣҲһЩ˺͸ڼǿȳ
ȻǲӰ죬ԾɺһȥѧϿΡ
һ磬Ϣ˼ҳ۾ЩɬԺӿƷһ¡
ʱԶԶ̽ͷһǴΧһһŮİ˵
⣬תͷͻȥˡ
ȵϻȥŴӰɩǶ֪ǶİŮǴ峤ĴӺʹϱ˵ǻһԶŮˣǱ˵סˣûп
죬峤ﶼû徲ģзǴ峤ӹǼҾׯˣϱҲӰ죬Ϊ˻ծѷӶˡĸȥͶˣȻܴŮŮͻˡ
峤Ӻʴ峤ҪǮȥ⣬峤ǲóǵԷ⡣ȻٶĴ峤ȴǲԸˣ˵ҲǮС硣
֮һӳüɹ峤ã峤ȴǱòˡ
ˣһӲ㰲ˡ
ʲô£ȻҲֻ֪֪峤Ӳ֪Ϊʲô뿪ˣڴﶨ
һգƥɽһҸճ峤ȴǱ
ȻѾʼˣ״Ҳû⣬һ۾ջĿ⡣
峤ȴǿȻȻ峤үүиҪ
Ȼգգ۾ʲô£
֪һֱڽȺ㿴峤Щµܲܶ
˵꣬æģҲ׽̣һǮ
Ȼüʵ峤үүŮҲѧ֣治֪峤ӼҵǶԶŮʲô֡
峤Щص˵ͷҼǴϱΪѾ˺üˡ
ϱԭǲµģ˵иѧߣſ
Ǹ˼Ҳ˵һҲĶҪȻͲһˡ
磬ƽûĻǲܻѧϰĻġ
ѧߣҲԲƽ֪ʶƲˣƶǻ͹ƶģˣʰľˡ
ֵֻĻѡȻѾѧǧ֣ҪŮѧ̡
ˣ峤Ҳסˡ
Ǹ峤ЩģɵȻ֪Ȼ̸ȽͬЧ
Ȼ˵زˣҲʵ˵Ļˡ
峤һߣܽȴؿȻΪʲôӦܴӦԺȺǵˡ
½ǲͨڿŵġĴҪǾҪ峤
ƥɽÿνҪ峤ҪȻĻҲ
Ⱥѧ֣ûд峤Ҳֻڴһӡ
˵һ´峤ҲΪѴңǵ˶Է
ܽȻΪǵԷˡ
ȻûпڣһԵƥɽü㲻ͱ˵
ȻƥɽףȻҲûж˵ֻЦЦ͸Űɩӻˡ
ˣƥɽŶܽողӦ˵ǻȻǽ˴峤ŮӦǲӦҪӦˣͱˣҪǲӦǾǵӵˡ
ոյĻشͺܺãûоܾҲûдӦûа˵
ڽ
ƥɽһ峤ѾСˣǴ峤ȵȺ˾Ͳ˵ˡӵΣҪ̳д峤֮λ²ôס
û˵ǣֻҪȻڣ˭峤һҡ
ϣֻʣ·޶˵ʱƥɽԥǶܽԺȻǺӺһɡ
ܽ𾪵̧ͷһŵؿԼɷ
ƥɽЩڣ򴽵ǸǹȥģĸףһûлǺӡͦõġ
ǺٶƫҲ˵Ǹúӡ
ȻСʱ򣬼õ˽¶ȰǺӺһ㣬ʱô˵ģ
ǿݣҲܶˡڻСȵˣ˭֪᲻ᱨ㣿
ǣΪӺãҲűӶá
԰Ҫ㣬ͶȺá

ģҲǲµģΪԼƽԺû³
ôţǸӳˡȻϵģǺӿĿƽû˿ޣô̹ȻؽһС
һ̣Щġ
ͷ·Լһӱȥˡ
ȻԸȺ֣Ǵмġ
ҲѾܹ̹Ȼʵ˵ӺúöԴȻĻˡ
-

662 

ܽίʵǸɷ򻰵ˣڶ죬Ȼͷĸı䡣
һ㲻ϷʢȻҲẮףһСͷһԼС̲ˣ˼Ҷġ
ȻȻ뿪ʱܽȴһСѧö˳ԡ
Ȼһл뿪ˡ
ɩҲһĻЩˣ·ϸȻܽһǷȻȻĺˡ
ȻЦЦÿɷ
ⱲӵĸúǾһûŮˡ
ϵƥɽҲƵˣһ¡
Ȼѧõʱ򣬿һСŮԺ߳ΪԶĹϵûпԷģ
ʦ߽ԺӾͿüͷģüôˣ
޻عֵ㻭Ľṹͼˣ
Ȼ˵ͷ̲סոҿиСŮ߳ȥʦڷյºй𣿡
š°͵ҲǰɣǸӡ
һɻѧ޵Ǹ޻ۡ
Ȼһʲô˼
˼ϱӵļ䡣޵ܵԼҪõҵĽ̵
ȻﶼڷˣȴһƽʦӦˣ
ôܣҡҡͷǺӡ
ЩŹֵ˵תǡ
ʦ㲻ţȻĶѾˣȴ򶨡
Ȼš޵ǲתģ״ֻһܣǾǱضְⱨɲꡣ
⻰˵úе˵ˣ˵ȻⱲӵѾǰˣʱʱܹо겻̫ƥ䡣
ǿǲǿ󣬾ͻϡ
ʦ˵Ů˭Ȼ
ԭ²ԷǲǸԼһ޵˵ֲ̫ȷˡ
˵а޵ӦǴ峤Ů֮ǰ˵ӽа¡Ůа
Ȼ˵ͷּпȥ̽һ̽
û뵽ǣԼûȥҰԷȴѾԼˡ
ԹȻԭһڽȺʱ򣬴峤˽
кŨüۣһǻõԸŮӦþȻϿǸ
ϵǣٷǳرʣɾüȴ͸һǳǳˡ
ô˵أǷǳգǳбĳ࣬׳ƵС׻
Ȼע⵽ԷһĿͿԼ
ûĻԷĿƺ͸šʣ
ᵱȻǲʵģУȻֻһ֮۵ʱ򣬱˵ǰ񣬱飬ҲҪ档
ɺãС磬һѧߣȻܾԼ
ãǰܸ𣿡е뷨ѹȥǰ΢ЦȻ
峤һ㶣Ȼ¶οο֮ȴЩɸֵؿӰ¡һۡ
֪Ȼýǰ¡ɵġ
ãҽȻȻһЦȴûлظԷѵĻ
ûŪԷ֮ǰԶԷġ
ûж룬Ȼ̬ѺãߵСԽǶŮӡ
һߵģ
ȻϣѧԽڣףȣȻǸõġ
ϾԼѧôǳԣȻүү˵ѧһ⣬츳ڡ
һӴСطٵļʺС
Ҫ뿪ׯٵѧ֣粽С
ȻȻİ񣬵뵽ԺƱõ˵ʹڸá
Ȼ
ȻһǸǸʦõĿҵ̫ˣԼѧöˣ˵ȥ̱ˡ
ЩʧЩŭȴֻұֳǰߡ
ǺðɡڰԺȥ𣿡
ƺ뾡취ҪԼϹϵȻЩɵпյĻ
ⱲĲУΪ¶ѧϰ޶ҪԽԽϸֻ޲ýԼĶһ
ȻڰȻ̬Ⱦǣòˡ
ƫƫԾԺҪõȻַܸ
뷨Ȼǲ֪ģطǣͻˡ
ɩ֯ñӣȻæ裬ȻȻ㿴ʱԺȡ
ллӡȻŵͷел
ɩʣ峤ǲǴŮˣһԺ緢ֶݵĶˣֻǲܹȥ
-

663 м

Ȼ˵ͷڶݷ˵һ¡
ɩӵüͷ𣬡ȻȻɱǸߵ̫
Ȼһؿ˹ȥ԰
һССӣܶʲôɩӷ˸۵Ƕ
Բ֪峤ҵ顣̾峤ĴԭҲǸʵӣΪúÿȥһ˳ﱻŮ˿ˡŮ˿ĸˣǳˣԵҲñǿ٣Էҵһٸۡ
Ҫһֱ۾ˣǰʱװǽһТ˳ʱŴСֻ峤Ƿиһ飬Ů˾ʹȥ˳֮ô꣬ǹ궼һˡ
Ҫǳ£峤ӹҲǰģûŮ˻´ܵҪ˵Ǯȥ𣿡
Ҹ˵Ů˿ٷ֮һǿѧߵϡ׻˵úãŮĸǸĿȾʲôö
۴ĺһĴò˼϶һһر
㼴ҪѣҲǸʲô󣬰ɩܽ
Ȼ˵ͷãӵġ
Ȼô˵֮ǸȴнȻ
ǸܻˣȻæһʼҲȴʱʱرһݸ㡭С͹Ȼ
ҲȻĺӣĹ£ָ׼øдѡ
ʱˣûˣͻȻʵҵʱ֣һݿ찡һд
ڰȻ׵İýӴģִļͥԸȱˡֻҪһ⣬ԷͻͰ͵ش
Ϊе֪ȻһֱֵصģĳҲǿпޣҲһֱûòԣֻΪȡ
ֱΪȻ飬ҲųΪ޵ѧ
£һ¾ͷˣȻ԰ԣȴ൱ڱѡ
ôһŵؿȻΪʲôԸ౳ΪͬѧҲԸҳΪͬѧǲǺѲ𣿡
԰ָȻЩɵǡû
Ҳǰ񰡣ֻһϡѪ˵飬ѧ߿϶ѧȻܰ˵飬ΪʲôܰңȴܲĽ͡
ʦͨڣûУô˵ܴӦҲȥ飬ʦӦˣùľˡȻɫƽ
ǺȻһ㶼ûĻȥ
ϣԼסȻһ仰뿪ˡ
ԷȻάһѺõı棬ҲûϾҲŪ׶ԷĵϸǣĹϵжãԼҲѵ֪ӵǰ䣬аŮûаġ
ǿܻȥģĸ̱ըˣôˣ˭۸ˣ
ƯִŮ֮ɵĶӸ
ĵ˵ĸ׵Ļҭŵ裬౳ΪѧߵѧˡȻԸ౵ͬѧҲϰҡ
ǸѾͷһʱըˡ
Ȼͷȴһ˫ݺݵ۾˭ǴѾͷ
ǱˣǴ峤ˡ
Ҫ˵һʼ峤ҲûкܴౣұĶⳤģദˣȻ˸顣
ϴһһԺ󣬰¡ӻãһһԼҵĺӡŮ治ϲｿģػ˵Ҳ׽
ౣͷֵҲ׽Ҳû£СʱһƤʵ
ϴҵ࣬һʼŽ̲ģҲˡ
ɫһֲԸǰ
峤һתͻˡ
㿴ӳ̸
ﴫɫŤƾʲô
ĸҲûа취޵ļˡ
ۼˣŮ޺޵ʲô˲ģȻҲǸ񣬽ҲսϳԿҵİôƯԺһȢʱҾĸˣ
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⸱Щȥ̲סߺ
һѵõĻᣬһܹ򶯾ϢԼ⣬Լ
ԣ֮ǰܶٿദԸġ
Ҫȥֺһ΢İҲ
Ȼɲ֪뷨ڸ˵ౡ
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664 ̽

ǾΪˣʵ
ԼѧԼȻ棬ȴҲ档
ɽ壬ҲչİɩеǷҲޡ
ˣΪȻֻǺĲΪ˵顣
Ȼ΢΢һ漴ҡͷٿɡû˵£֮ʵΪ̽
һֱǰߴգʵϣҲһֱڰ۲Է
Ȼ۲˼꣬ȴίʵЩ
ԷƺĪİûоηżĲмӡ
ȻȷԷⱲӻϱӣ顣
ôˣԷĸ߸ϵĵ
̬ȣȻðȻʲôơ
ʵһֱûзʦѧϰ뷨ȻƼౣҪԷķӦ
ʣǴڰλãҪɵĿģǱȻҪ֮жġ
Ϊޣв͵͵Ȼ
˰£˰ĿԽԽԹġûУ
˵ʵȻЩ£Ǹоô˵أһȭ䵽մĸо
Ѳɣؾܹ˵ﵽĿģ
ߣӽԭ
Ȼû̽ʲô౸ŵѧȴǳ˶֡
ͬǴİȻ౲ϤҲӤʱ֮һҲΡ
Ȼӵĺϲ
ͬȻġһѧϰ츳ûСޱȻһ֪ʮһĺѧ߻ˣûڤ粻Ʒ衣
ȻӲģѧϰ̬ȴӹɵĺá
˵Ļ䶼ҲţŬȥǡ
㣬ޱƢٻҲû취˵ҲһƢˡ
ΪóѧϰĹϵϿεʱܰɡ
ǣ˵һľĺӡ
ʵϣСһﵽ˿õòˣûһɵġ
ĺӣǵƤ˾ĺӿܶȲ
ⲻȻһĿεҵ౾һС񵰺Ϳ˽
Ȼ㣬㿴Ҹʲô
˵ţǿʳŵȻǰһֺõ͵ģҲԼץԼģɺóˡ
ȻԭܾǿСһһĵ飬׻ǵһлһ񵰳
ȻûоܾԼʳ౿Ļˡ
룬˵ûдֻȻ㲻ԼԸԼ档
ȻˣȴԸԼҺӸ棬ö֮Ȼ۸ౣԸҲûС
Ȼֻ񵰣æԼĿ㣬Ȼ㳢㣬ˣұСҿ֮ǰѴ̶ˡ
ȻˣʲôаѴ̶ˣ
ǡϵĴ̶εԴƺǲôô򵥵Ļ
Ȼ˷ҵ˼ǣô£
˵һĺӣҲһúðɡ
ܼ򵥰౵̶Լ
Ȼ򣬿£ǶôԼ
ûж˵ֻԳһ㡣Ȼ۾ˡ
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ʣ
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Ȼȴ¸츳йϵϾ౵ĸǺ֡
ԡ߼Ҳûó
ôţȻЩ
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СβͲǱˣౡ
̲סüͷΪһЩľзεﶼ
ˣ౸ѪԵϵҲһֱܲڼͨǶӵġ
־һ壬ҲһֱԶ֮
Ȼô⣿Ȼʵ
ȻһֵۣˣҲʦѧ
ʵ
Щˡ
ȴǸῴɫģһŻ˹Ȼ㣬㿴һú𣿡
ȥͼеİֽϻšһëţëŶÿ߰ģ˵ǻ˵Ϳѻ
֪ȻĻжˣˣöĻȻ϶ϡ
౱ȻأȻȴǺɫʵ㻭СѼӣ
۾һȻ㿴ˣԼò̫ء
ȻͷȻ㻭òȻû֮ǰһֱڳ
Ǹķ羰ҲǼëߵɫӦѼˡ
ֻϰԲԸСӣȻڰУȴǶ౵ƫ
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665 

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Ȼ磬ܿģౣദʱ仹̡
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ȻǺӣȻȴɳˣౣĺӡ
ںӣֻҪ̬̬ȶһЩ
֪Ȼ뷨Ȼ౵ƫˡ
ˣô󣡡̲סڵ
ȻЩؿԼŪ𣿸ոհȻšʣ
ʲô
౵۾˵Ȼ˵һúܺã
СһɲίȫԸ۾צӣһֻСϻ
ȻЩЦԴû㻭úܺá
ȻȻ౲Լίˣתˡ
ȻЩؿıӰ
ôáԼƺЩ߹ˣ
ûоηӰ񡭡ΪʲôƣΪ֪ߵغ
뷨ûκݣȻȻ뵽ˣ׻Ȱ²ˡ
꾰ܺãɽ嶼ǴգǸɽҰҲҪ궼࣬ƥɽջҲż͸Ŀڷ磬Ľƺһ
֮ǰڳ￴۸ҪˣĥŻܱһЩ´ȥ㺣ϣƥɽѵú
۾ʱˣְҪϺҪԴϺ
ҲԿ㡣
ڵλ뻹ԶΪͷ̵Ѷȣʵļ۸һֱӸ߲£Լľһ궼Բϼء
ƥɽͷĿ䵽ȻϣĥŻ㺣ϺӣϴȻͺϲ
ֹΪ࣬⼸ûжϹȻãֻ֮󣬼ûԻ治ߣ֪ƢಢûʲôЧҪĻռֳԵӦоСȺԼǷǳġ
ƥɽңɽ϶ֹסЦ
Ȼʱ򣬻Ϣ˹
һҹͻȻпֲ˻Լ𣬱е˶ѣһӼ˳
Ұ𣿡
Ұ޵ô𣿻᲻ǹ
һǹոǸ̫ˡ

ҲӴѧ˳ȻĽȴʹҶͬ
֣Ȼһɻ
޵˵ͷЩҲû뵽½Ȼж֡
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İڴ峤ûã峤ɫѿسˡƥɽڵļ׳˹ԥ£ȥ޺Ȼ˹
޴Ȼյ峤ӭȥڵСݴˣλΨһҴߣҴǰȥ鿴һ£ϣѧȻһһ¡
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666 Ī

ʲô˼Ȼɴ۾
峤ܿĿǡǡ
ﺬ޿ʵǱֳ𣿡
峤˵ͷԵİ˵Ԫ˵
ı鶼̫ãԪͷ󺹣ĿЩ̵ֻҸմӳԶԶؿһ޴ĺӰ֣һҽ
˵ð亹ˣǸӵȻǾͿƯһӰȻӰʲôһ㣬ԴȻ֫壬󳹵ʧˡ
һԵİһߵͷһ߲ϳˣǸӰǸӵġ
ǲһǴ峤ˡ
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޵˵ͷҡͷҲȷֵӲһɲġ
˶٣ۼߴпģжֺͨҰһģһҲжǶҰ޵ľۺ壬Щֺǳơǵ޷жǷǶ֡
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Ҫ˵ƭ˵ģ˵ǰֹһμ֣ȴû¹жǿʵؼǻи߸š
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˵ãԼҪˡ
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в֪˼ģʱЩε̾˿
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667 ܱ

峤ʱ鼫ΪŹ֣ƺЩ˷ܣƺΪǣǺȴͷ󺹡
Ȼգգ۾һؿ˹ȥ
峤˲޺ȻˣɽһճİӤˡ
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ȻĹעȴͬɽ壿
˶һۣȻȽ͵ɽǸĴˣҼһԣңǳ磬ĺ֮һǰ񡣡
Աȴǵһ֪ɽ⣬΢΢һ˵ճİӤֵܵͣע⡣
Ȼȴʴ峤ɽ˶ˣֿܺܵͣϾͬСݴ壬ɽ˵пɽġ
Ȳ˵ʮӣЩӺɽ߳ȥİսʿͲܹ׵ġ
˵վŵˡ
ֻ㻯϶
峤ҡͷûУǸ꣬˵Ǳİսʿ˳ȥ
Ļ䣬޾ѾЦˣǸǱģĿӦþΪǸӤСݴ壬ҲǱ꼰ĳˡ
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ֱҪ𣿡ȻһҪɱһӤѵҪ֣
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û𣿡΢΢һЦһԴ׵Ϸ밡
Դף
˵ʵȻЩ¡
޵λ͵ûаɾˣǸӵùƷ
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Ȼɻûж˵ֻǵԺ󿴶˾֪ˡ
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˵ʲôһ𾪵վ˵֮ǰǸǴ֮Ů㻯ģ
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һҰף˴֮ŮǸ֡
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668 

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һ漴ͷô˵ҲԡȻûкܸߵʵһȴὫս֮ĺҹ֮Լҹ֮񶼾
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ǾҪôжźôˡ˶٣޵ûŵͬǶּ̳˴֮ŮѪ꣬ҲܿšͬµĴ֮ŮҲһ֡
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£Ȼ͵֣˵ʵʮ⡣Ͼ¸Լûйϵ
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һգͻȻһѵһ̧ͷȥͼȻԵأԱˤһص׷
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Ȼڰ죬Ȼȴһ㶯ûУӣ͸ȥһ
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ԶԶԣȥѧߣɩӻعһ߲һߵ
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˵ĸȻ²ò࣬˵ͷҪʦܸҾ˵һеӪ𣿡
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ԼܲµȻ뷨ȻȴزȰ
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˶٣ֲЩЩµĶвҲ뵽ս֮ıŮӪ֮УŸѡ
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ս֮Ϊ˿ʵҪıŮǿͬҲûн飬ȴܶŮ¶ˮԵĺҹŮͻŮһ֮񡣳һһŮս֮ٸŮ
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670 ĥɽ

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һ漴ҡͷҲܸ㣬֪ܲǲй¶ȥġңҵİ˸Ҳһûϱӵļ䣬ֹҲԭǸˡ
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ˣ˿԰𣿡
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Ϊ˲ְֻ֪֣֪УְȴΨһģְ֮ᣬְܶһһеġ
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ڴͬʱͨޣйضֵϢҲڲϴ
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죬ֽĻ˻ȥڵҪ֪ѪôںϵġѾյ飬͸ˡ
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671 

ĥɽܸߺܸߣȻĿ⣬ǧ׸ߡ
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ԷǳɫɴȹͷϴĻ
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ȤԷ͵ЦһȻԽҰ֡
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672 

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ԴȻԺƥɽԱ´һСݸɩ˯
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ӣûм˺ѧ˵ǲҧͷģ䰲ɩỹ
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673 ˹

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674 

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675 ħ

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ȻĻӦþǺһϵģˮҪȻҲҪౡ
΢΢˿Ǿͻáһϵ֮սвò࣬˼߶Ҳ࣬һӦòһΪС
˶٣˵ǰ˭Ҳ֪Է᲻ر
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һʱ䣬Щ㲻һЩˡţҲֻмǸˣܿЩʵˡ
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676 ˫ꣿ

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ţ౵Ķͷһָ͸Сǣӳǳɫ·
ֱʱ౲۾һãؿȻޡ
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ɤۣȴһЩ֮⡣
Ȼز˿д΢ɲȻ֮⡣
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ҪǣҪģȥǿֲܷʲôܲµŵԽġ
һðΣɥˣô죿
ȻСҲĺ֮ԲΪøҲһƬĹϵ
ģҲˣǴҿ϶ġ
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677 Ϣ

ԺסѧȻ̰ıƷ͹һ㣬ԺܳȥˣҪǱ˿ڵӣ˿϶ϳȥģʱ౾ͼְֺˡ峤¡
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ЩˣЩѹԻõһҲһֱѧ
״Ȼڵƿػôҿ㻹ǺԭһͿԳȥ档
ģ౵۾ˣһԴ峤˺۾Ҳˡ
Ȼ֪ʲôǣŬķ
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ܹ౵չ¾ƫȻԻõģ¶Ӧòѡ
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½ɻвٴڹ½İսʿء
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ģ˭˵峤˱֤
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ʦôˣȻʲô𣿡
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ЩεƺҲֲ֮ȻǸ˹ޣ½ʱֽɱˡ
Ϊɱ˵ģ⣬¶᲻֮
˹֪ǣǸŮ԰ѾˣӵϢϾĸ̱Ӧˡ
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һֲ֮Ҳ뵽ˣǡεҪץס˹϶ҲҪʣڵĹؼǡ˹ɱ˰
ȻʱһŻԣԼһСĵĻֵİ֣
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678 

ǰ½İսʿԣľҲǳ
ַ¶ǶһĲ¡ǱģǡҶɵҪ͵͵Ѵ֮ŮѪˡ
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Ȼ˭뵽ķչȫǵԤǶֲӰȻ˹ɱֲ֮˺ͺӡ
ȻЩˡ
ɺãҲ˹Ҳȴֻ½硣
˹Ҫ֪ԭǲģΪͰĺӣȻΪĹϵòŰսʿͷǣߣԼսʿ
Ҫ֪֮ԻʵҲڴ֮Ů⡣
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ɽڶĴ϶ȥһЩֻǰĴׯȴ϶ΪĿꡣ
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ʵùû˼ģһŮȴǵͶһˡ
ȻеֲڿȻ֮ʧˡ
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ԴˣɽĴ֪ȴ˹ڹ½ʶڶ˵
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ȻĿĵɨ˹һѪŨİΪ񡭡
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679 Ѫ׺

˹֪Ȼ뷨ǿŸֶնû취̳븹һʱҲˡ
һȻ㾴ƲԣǾֻܳԷˣ
˵Ȼӵķ֮ѪֻǺ񣬶ȻȻֻж֮һѪܲסһѪս֮񰡡
ˣܹȻԺôҲǷǳģȻҪһٳΪЩѣʵ϶ܴһ
Ȼޣڳûһ֮ġ
Ͼڶ˿ǰһ鲻
ƺֻһ˲䣬վͱȾˣһ̣˹°κӣ˵Ļںצɽӿ
ȻĿһָһ㣬ɢ˹ɵĺȫǡ
·һģžźͿ־ļ
찡ʲô
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Ѫ׺ӵ̧֣ȴһҲ֪ڸС
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뵽Ǹ˹̱Լ뷨
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ΪȻģû˵
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˵ûв´޷Լвġ
¶һòһЩ
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680 

˹֮ɽ˹ſһҲֻǿ
˵ˣ˵ƥɽһңȻ̬ȺȻͬˡ
Ҫ˵͸׽⣬Ǵʱ˿̣ǿĿ˼־η
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峤˵˵ʱ֮һŵ˵ģȻôǿ
ɵɱ뵽˹¡
Ȼôǿô˹ˣǱɱ
Ļɣ峤ȥѧˣѧ˵ˣǸ˹ѪԵ˵Ȼ֮ѪԵϵܽȻĳȻԸơ
˿ԣѪԵںܶʱ򶼲Ǻ£һͻᱻһѵϡ
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˹ٳûлغɽ壬һʼû⣬ϾͬŶ˹˹ơ
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ǰ½һʮʵȽǿģǿܹ˹ȼ硣
ԭǸ˹ɱŮΨŮ԰
ȴǳΪ˶ΨһŮԡ
ȻΪŮԣڶȴûκȨΪȻһŮˣȴһݵŮˡ
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ڵİսʿ˵ͷǵģ˹ģ
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682 

ս֮ɽϣսսعͶӰĿ¡
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ҲҪ˵ġȺɽ֮Цɫ˭׷Ȩ

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ս֮ȻӣӣȻɡ
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ȻʶȻǿ󣬵Ϊʶޣǲ֪ȻѾˡ
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֪̫̫ˣൽǿȻ񣬾֪ˡ
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683 ȥ

ʱѾȥˣȵۣʱȻȻŮеɬ
ͬϸŵĻ٣ɬд崿εصȴ˲ժ˺ǻ
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ûʹ⣬Լ
ģôûأ
֮ۻڵ֮۵ʱƬԶŵУҲΨһࡣ
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񶼹šĵĵһλ۾ʱص˹⣻Ųʱ򣬷˵棻̧ͷʱӦ˶ڿʵʱ򣬺֮ҪʵǵʱɽˣҪߵʱ򣬺ҹ֮
飬һеԴΰҲߵĴڡ
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ֺ֣ḻ䣬ܵϲĺƽ֮
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684 

ʧ̬ƺֻһһָֻ֮ԭӣͷȥɧȻ
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685 

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뿪֮ǰȻԼİŸ߰ɩӣָǮһһЩɢҺͭң൫ʵֵʮңһһӡӲصֻаɩ֪
һᾧݸɩӵζ˵ΣգͶᾧҵ֣һڵһʱϻ
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686 ů

ҴҴܻĨһϵĺһʰ˱ʵ磬ȻҪȥڹ½ˣ˵𣿡
һ漴֪ѾСˣȻ̵ĸѾ˳һõ˷ÿ׬ĽƥɽĺüǴĺСöй˼ҶŮ
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ҪѷɫһЩˣûֳôʤڳúÿȫ̳ܽòԻңѧȻôʶ֣ҽƥɽԺƤëıѧȥδҲǿɼĹ
ˣֵǴĻƽ
֪ûʲô뷨Щ۵˵Ȼ˲ǮǼأһʾû𣿡
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Ȼ뿪ѰɩӰŵ㵽ȴԼﲻŲʣ͸ˡ
Ҳ̰ģֻǡ
ĲζصôҶ˺üױˡ
ԣȻ̧ͷ˵ܼױ
ЩڵǲǶΪĥżǰҲҪ˵ģܡܲȻֳޡ
һʱЩĬȻ
һȣĸ׵Ķ𽥹ʱҲڴܹõһȵܹܵɿɰáȻƢһһѹֵĸ׺ϴĸʶԼڴǶô롣
ȻˣڴûҪɿɰȴȥӽ
Ǽĳӣϰ£ϰ˲øĸġûȥΥĸǣĸȻҲֻԼֻеܵûá
ֱ֮ԼΪܶǸ˺ҲڹȴѾûа취ֲˡ
֪ȵ뷨ߺߵҪܵǮ⣬ܶóԵĺģһֶ
ֵܣƥɽ֮ܽǰȴǳϵƽ͡
ƥɽǹĿ⿴ݣܽǺ֮ǰȥɡ
˶٣㵽ĸףܸñһ
ԴȻܽûбһΡ
ܽһ۵׵мָӣ˵ͷá
뿪ʱܽȻֱ˱Ȼ
Ȼ㶵ʱܽ˵һԲ
Բȴûкúð㣻ԲΪǨŭĮ޹㣻Բҵĵһֱôµ
ȻЦûϵ
϶Ȼ˿ǿ
ƥɽܽȻ̸ᣬпԭĸӣǴû˺
ˣ㹻ˡ
֮񣬡߰ɡ
֮˵ͷֵסҵ֡
Ȼ£ͷ԰౵Ҳסҵ֡
ԣ౿һץסȻ֣Ȼҫһ˰һۡ
ϲҲϲý㡣
һܸ˲ǹˣܿ죬һת¶һЦݡ
ȻûӦĻ˫ֱͷһ޹ؿ౵ҵġ
Ťˣάֲס°ĴǶ
ǵһηȻҲףô֮ͱֹϵ
ۣ͸оһŹֵĿ⣬̧ͷһǹ֮
֮üͷڵҪҶϱ
˶٣ɲˡ
ͻȻ뵽һ£ʶ岻ܶҪǶϱñӡ
һ˲䣬ȻĿ˼ն
û취ϣֻҪڴдѪûһнڲٵġ
ǶӺúõĶϱҪ죬˵״ˡ
Ȼɲ֪֮תôΣյ뷨һεˣҾԵĵˣǸϽɡ
֮˵ͷһ̣Ȼͷһδ֪ռˡ
Ļʶ˿ֻͷĿѣ
ǹ֮һǰ粽һߵǸңǵ˶ӣʱ䳤пɲҪҿޡ
ȻһҵæŰ౸ȥ
ЩʧؿԼȻ֡
ûֺùҲûȻ֪ԷϲȻ
ȴůġ
-

687 

ȴȥšŸս̤ʵأ֮ôһ䡣
Ȼˣû񣬻᲻ᡭ
ԣ֮һЩֵĿ⿴һۣȻİɣҴȥһܹ
ȻԴѵŻµ
Ȼأ֮ȻشˣȻűöôʵϣ⣬ҸͲῪšҸ־㵱ж࿿ף
ôһ˵Ȼٳŵ֮ǹ֮׵
ðɡ
ȻԤУŲ˵ô춯أҲȻ˭뵽
Ȼľֻǿһš
˵ǵŴһ㣬
ı飬̲֮סЦˣŻöô˲ʵһұʶͬˣֻǴŲܵŵĹģûˡ
֮ŨУɽԶ
ҲҪһԼɽԼȥһģҲԴ֮
Ȼ˵ͷ
ɽǳ󣬴һ·ûκ顣
ֱ֪ɽȻ󣬵ûˣȴΪˣǹ֮Χʱߣòص˹ǡ
֮ɽϣʱȴһƬңһȺڵܣ֪ģΪ˴ˡ
ɣ֮ôġ
ǺɪǺ鷳ˣһʵ
䣬һ̾͸һ㣬һɵˡ
ưˣ֮Ŀ䵽һİŮϣ˵
аսսǰһ£ǡ²ˡ
Ȼ۾¡ǹ֮ĶӣǸǾϢ飿
Ȼ֮ˡ
˭𣿡˶٣֮񲹳ԼӪ顣
ûнڲ٣ԼӪеȻѵļʵͣҲûС
ûûСҪˣ⼸Ƕ׼֪ɽϣԶûйΪǲŻŰ
ΪһְͶˡ
֮Ŭѹǻŭʵ𣿡
ˡ·Ҳˡ
ȥ֮һ
ȻͰǶһۣҲȥ
ЩǸȥҲûǰ
֮İڿճģ裬ҲΣա
ɴ˿ɼ֮ӵıһܡ
ܿ죬Ǿԭڵλá
ȿǱһӵĵ棬Ȼüͷ֮ȴǲȻŭ

Ȼ֪λ֣ͷӦòС֮ӹ֮ر¾ߡ
̧֮żȻۼֿסҲҪȥ
㣿֮ͷ
ݿʼŤûã׾ͱһ׸ȡˡ
Ȼס˵ͷԣҸӦˡ
˵ʲô֮ĿһҪǸƭҡ
ҲҡȻĸӦˡ
û֪ʱļھϢϢˣһ͸˷Ӧ
ҿԴҵ֮񡣡ȻϵضԹ֮
֮ɫãһԡ
Ȼ˵ͷתͷ౵ǳȥҡ
˶Щ޴룬˳ȥ
һߣȻ˻֣ԸͳֻûдŴͻƳȥ
̧֮ͷһ˲˲ضϵЩӣЩ
ȻˣϹŵĸĹӣǡ
Ȼ˵꣬С
һ̣Žɫʵ֦쵽С
Ȼ˫ֶסĽɫʵоСһ֣ĿԽͣʵ
ĸͨ㸸·
ۣ̥֮ڳ֮ǰͻγԼͨȻ;Ϣĺڻδ֮ǰѾԼͨ
ͨһκ˫ܿͨ˫֮ͨ
ɫʵûа취Լ˼봫ݳγɵĽɫͨȴĻش
ȻһĿɿڴĹ֮߰ɡ
֮˵ͷͷ˽ɫʵһۣ̲סҪһ
Ȼɫʵ·뷨ವһ¾ӻ֦ͷ
-

688 

ŴͨгȻܣʵ
Ŀܵǻ谵Ļɫͺɫ
ɫ䡭̫֮ÿŹֵúܡ
֮ɫۿɼٶȻ㣡
㡭ôһЩҵ𣬡ҴĿռ䣬ôģ
ף
ƺǹ֣֮
ͬʱһӰǰ
һῡ飬Űɫĳһ˫ɫ۾
һҫ۵Ȼ˿ȴЩ
ȻӣһȻʺݴʣҲǾˡ
˵ҾܶΣ֣ͤҵĻԷ𣿡֮ס
Դһɥɥֻǿ˭ǲҿġ
ƭ˭أ֮ţҪͤ㻹ֻ
ĬȻȻ¡һӶѲ߸ʲôֲĶʲôһúղġ
֮ðˣȻȴ˱֡
ɫĹûԤ׵شڳһ޳˰ϡ
Ȼɫ䣬˵ͱĳ죡
ĻëѾͷŹ֮ǷֳֵȻ̱֮㱩ˡ
͸³ڿУ֮ɫһ䣬Сģ
ȻЦһһ͸´ϴûγɡ
ǡ˵ǹ֮ˡ
ûп֪ʱȻĽӳһɫĵ·
Ȼ˳Žɫĵ·һһռ飬ڣƽɫǰ
ͤŵˣ֮һϲ
Եľǰɫˡ
Ȼһһߵǰʱһд翵ԺС
˭
ȻᣬȴЦݸİˣӣǲܴǱˣ˭޷𿪵¡
㡭ԷĬãڵȴ뿪
ȻЩʧ䣬ǵһҵҲǵһΣ顣
ҡǰ˫ۣ֪޾ϣ·ľżһ飬˵ʧ
ⱲӵľϢɳɫ忡Ͼݷɽѩɾ͸ֱ̹ǣ֮Ѳժĸ֮
ڷɢ˼ԼӺݡ
ȻȻϣ˫۾ܹ
㡭ѹ
ȻһЩǻǵģѹҪ۾ҡ
Ǹ
Ȼǰ£ſϥϣ˵ĺӣ
㡭ͤҪֹȴЩᡣ
֮ԭأȴ̲סҵġ˵ĽȻȻΪѾ㹻㱬ˡ
죡֮޿̣һƽԴˣҾ㰢һΡĸҲҪеڶΡ
Цͱ̥ɡ
䣬ͷ˲ҽôԣʲôʱ򶼿ԣҪҵʱصʱ򡭡
ȻߵĶתͷͿοٱ仯޳ԱһŮԡ
ʱɴ۾
֮㾭һΣӦú׾ܹ⿪䡣
ᣬҪŵĻ϶ٱӵġ
Ȼ۾ԼԵһϣ
а飬²ԷӦþλռ֮
ռ֮ĺֻս֮һ
ԷеĻ
ս֮ǿռ֮бŮģ
ߣıŮҲǷ֮ģ
ôһ˵ͨˣһûнڲ٣Ҳûʲô¹ս֮ͷŮĸһֱûйΪһŮֵ˵ȥֳ𰸡
ͻȻܿģʱͤٴοˡ
Ȼһǵ̸
˶٣ͤҲ
Щꡭʶѵ𣿡Ȼ̲ס
Ȼ
Ȼ˺üȻʣˣ
ٶʮһꡣ
Ȼιȥ
֮
˼ްһۣ̾һ
ϢΪ˲Ӱ죬ֱǻȥˡ˼
ްһֱ𣬲ʲô飬£󻼡
˼һ뻹ǣֻǡ
°Ц˵ƺһĸŮ񶼺ܱ뺷
ްһ뵽ϢǸĸŮ񣬲ɱŵĺߡ
ҿû˸ӡ
˼Ƴһ۵ҲҪó
ްʱɥˡ
-

689 

ɽһϢ֮İ³ˣԷֻһҰ
νҰָЩ飬ǰͨɳɳ顣Ȼͬ飬ҰѪҺȫ涼Ȳ顣
ԴˣоȵгģҪһ̽ġ
һ磬֮ɽɽЩʧؿա
źû̫ģ߿ձ⣬γһƬһƬƲ㣬ò˼飬ȴΣա
Ѿ꣬Щ֮꣬Ͻ˶ϡ
æøûȥ߿Ʋ㣬ֱڡ
ȻȴһҲû͵˼
뵽ȻĻ
ͤȻʶѣȴܸ֪硣
һ˲䣬뵽ԼӲֹͣĺͶӵĽͽ̵
ͤһӶѲΪһ֪֮
ʱ;Բû壬ֻʹģʹĶӱԼΪĻҪʹࡣ
Լ˼УȴͻȻоͳ
ô£Щ˽̣֮䲻ˬ
ֻҪ뵽֮ǰռ֮ͤץЩȴ˰ŷ֣Ϳǲ̫˳ۡ
ǱߣЩȴǹ˲Ϲ֮һ˼ؿǰ
֮Ҳ̧ͷȥȻˡ
ۡͤ
һ۱ϳ˶ȻЯһĶӣƥͶ֮˵ʺӺݡ
һģһ
ȻĿⴥɽյ˫ۣǵһӾͽ
ˣҲ¶Цݡ
ǡþ֧ͤߣһᣬ֮Ϳˡ
Ȼ˵ͷ
ɽ֮ͽ۾ŵĲȡˡȻǰͨ࣬Ƕ͵٣Ϊֱ
ȻҲǸ֪ٻõġ
ǰ֪ʲôΪ⵷ңȻüβСı۾Ҳ˲ֱ˫вͨġ
Ȼ˵ͷǣ֣ͤϰ˺üڳɹˡ
֮üһʱˣʱȥľɲһĴ󡣡
ǲϣܹͳһֻǿȥҪάļѶж
Ҳ˵ˡ
ˣҲ᳤ʱ䴦״̬鶼ܰɵ
żͤ߾ͺãƽʱϾС̾˿ģ鲻ͬڷˣǲѪήЩġ
Ȼ֪ǡ
Цʱʱ̿ߡ
֮һĿżֲ졣
ȻҪ졣
ʵϣԭԤУµͷҪ¶ԷҲҪһЩġ
䣬Ȼ֮ǰֳʵ֤ʵѰҰ򵥡
֮񿴹Щ巭ˣʵ޷ĸרġ
Լޣ˿أԼǲΪעأȥҵڶѡҪ˵మҲûС
Ϊ¾Ǳϣ֮ҲûһЩ·ܵԼǣƣٶֲַԹż
Ȼܲµ֮뷨Ҳȥ͡
վüģԷˡ
˼Ƕͤϰɡ
ô룬̧ͷߵִͤϣ˵̬һӾ
֪ͤһһȻƿŵĻ
Ȼ̹ȻȴЩ̫ˡ
䲻ǾŤ֮ˣҲӲڸǣǸȫֻԼ°
ŪøԼһԸƵġ
ͤӦ˵뷨ΨȻ뷨Ψһܹ֪ġ
ܹͨȻ۾ȥԼȫûп磬ͨĶȥͨıȥζ
ǰһȻܹ˼֪Ҫסһ̾͸֪һʱЩ޴롣
Ȼֲ֪ô졣
ҪףȻٶĹ¼ŵͤһôˡ
ˣͤ˭ȡģôŲڹ½ķ񣿡ȻǸ֪ľˣΪͤ˼ЩңҲûץص㣬ֻǲϰ֫Ӵ
֮һشĸ֣ഺŮ½顣
Ȼü½飿
㲻֪Ҳ֮ʵϣһĺŮ½Ǳߵģ֮ȫ񣬺ҲԼϲȡͤĸҲˣСʱ½ģԺ׽Ƕ
-

690 ҰĲ

ȻüЩɵ
Ȼǡ֮üһȻôױ֪
ȻЩ⣬Ѳɻһٵ֣
Ͳ֪ˡ֮͵֮ҪΪӡеģһ˵ֻ֪Ҫһ᲻ɣƿءǸ˵ˣҲһ֪Ͼû˻ǿԼ񡣡
˶٣ǿˣҲˡ
ȻЩ޻ûиҲ
Ϊʲôʷϲû֣ҪõŲҴ
ԣ֮һ٣ȻΪ鶼˦
ȻһĪŲ֪ȻǺöҲжġ
ȻȻ֪ǣ֮ȻҲ֪
ߣ֪鲻٣
Ȼ֮һͽ֪˲ͽԹޣͻγ֮Ϊ˱鶼ԼպֲΪҲڹؼʱ鱳
ôȻ治֪
֮һۣȻ¡
ȻˣԼֺòѱ˵ֺձ¶Ϳ˭һˡ

Ȼˣս֮ıŮΪʲôҪȻˡ
㵱𣿡֮һҪλá
ֻ֪ͤˣҪΪȻҪиɻȻְΨһģѳȥְɲ٣ս֮ıŮ˲ɾս֮֮ʵһııŮ֮Ҳһս񡣡
УֻҪһһˣкܴļʳΪѾãȴͤûͱԤԻΪһˣ˲żˣͤ
Ȼüս֮ı֮񲻹˭Ϊ綼а
ƶǹ֮ҲĪ⻰и𣿡
˽ƫͤȻȴ⻹Ҫսıԣ뵽ʲô
Ȳ˵˵飬ֻͻ˲ϷսԴǿ
ͤģ˳
֮һúеԺͬʱȴ̲ס̾˿˭˵ء˵ЩûˡͤѾˣѾûһ֮ˡ
˭˵ģȻĿƵǰУڲС
֮һһŵ˼ǡ
ȻͷΪͤ£ܹҲְִܹ
֮ݲϱ仯ǰŮĵȴǲ֪˶ٿ
֪ԷΪʲôһҲųͤˡ
˼ͼ󰡣
Ȼ֮Ȩһȴһ¡
ҰûйϵΪԷҰҪܴͤɵġֻҪͤ󣬾Զͤ
ţݽƽʵҪҲ뵽ս֮ıŮս֮У
ȻҡҡͷʱҪΪٱɵݷǵõѡ񡣡
ɲ֪Լڹ֮ѾҰĲҹˡ
֮Իѡ֮λʵϸǹġ
һҪиı䣬ͬٵʵʵڵΣΣǱˮеġ
Ҳˣ̵ִսûãҪƿؾԵĻȨܹĶγ
ȻһǿҵֱĶЩ߸ϵ顣
翴ûʲô⣬ȻɱĺҪضˡ
ڣͷһȾʹ֮λ֮˿Ȼҽмһ
Ȼ²еӦĸȻͬˡ
ȹ֮뿪֮תͷͤԥʵҪΪ𣿡
ϢÿԸ񶼲һ˼ά۵Ҳв졣ݶԷĳ뷨Ȼڡ
ԱͤȻȴǲ²뷨ˡ
ƫƧǻ
ǷΪû塣ͤЩ䣬Ȼ˵Ļȴůò˼飺ҵ¾塣
˹䲻ǳҰĿģǡվߵġ
ȻᣬⱲܾЩġ
˾ߣȴ޷һʵӵֹ¶˵ȴѹ
Ȼڣȴٴαˡ
-

691 ޶

ȥҽɡ౿˰һۿڵ
˸ۣ˵˵ףؼǳȥ𣿡
⼸Ȼ˲ǣɽϵ̻عͰǹؽС
˵ڳԺûеǣȴɡ
̲סԹȻҲǼɫѣʲôʱѽ
౰һۣżɫѣ϶Ҫæ
ëѾͷʲôƲƲҸ˵Ǹ֮϶úܺÿ
˵µ𣿡ʵ
ô֪ȻͲˣ΢΢㲻Ȼܴ𣿡
Ȼû˵һֱȻҲԼһ޻ۡ
ֻǰǲǶûϵڡ
ʵûϵ֪֮ۿûĸµġ
ڻŵûС
ԣԲ֮۵ˣһЩ顣
ü̫˵Ǹֲ֮𣿡
СѾͷ̲סЦˣ氮һˣ۶Էʲôӣġ
˵⻰ʱ뵽ԼȥҸŮйߣһԷ˵Ļ
ΪŴǱǳѵ𣿱ϾŴȫεǳҲҪ˵ЩԣνѰƽȵİЦֻ㣬ŴΪû𣿲Ҫ׵뷨ȥⶼŴ˵ףǲĽڡ
ĻҹλʱԺһһ飬ʹųϣŮ˵ǶԵġ
ڵԶʱڣλ뷨ҲȽϵ򵥣ӡ
ǳƭΪöΪǵ汳ԼȻ
ȻҲûƹ
ҲҰĺͲʵġΪ붼̫ˣԲŸܻúһ
Ŵ֮֮
һִΪԼλܹȼġ
ˣӵеģԼҲӵС
ǵֻһִԽУʵֻԴڶŶİ
һ¶յֻҪ˾ͺˡ
̹ʱһûһƶ졣
ǿԳȥˣ౸˵ر
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֮Ҳȥ𣿡ü
ǵȻˡ˶٣̵ȥȻµ
ȻûȻҲûְȻֱӳƺ֣󣬶ĳƺͱײȻ¡
ȻԼˣ¶ȡ
һȻֱȻֹ֣ؿһۣȻǵģ֮ĸڣͨġ
˶٣λҪߴˣȻµǱֲ鲼ġ
һߣ˾ȥȻˡ
ɽϵ࣬ߴǹ֮¾֮ˡ
ԱߣȻֱҪ̫ҡ
ǰɫģΪдֲʻĵ׺
ǵʱȻڣͤҲڡ
ȻһӸͷûб飬ҲǸ˻ǲˡ
ÿ̲ͤס޵
ȻϹһĨЦݡ
ǰ鵭ģȻͤڵòӰ쵽
ʱ򣬽Ȼ˫ۣͤҲ˰һ˲䣬ֻ궼ܵ˳
岻ƣѾƲסǰԷסˡ
ô£
ͤЩ¡ڴͬʱֲܿƵıܵ˷С
ôȻȻˡ
ץס֣ôˣ
Ů˲ԾͤòŸظ
ЩȻԼԶԷܣǡָ²Ӧ
ﲻԾȻʵ
ͤ˺ܾãſڵĶ
ҵİҵ⣬ҵıҵ⣬Ӧġ
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ȴûз֣ͤ仰˵ڵʱ֮΢΢ķʼ˸ζ·Ҫʲô
Ȼ²⡣
£;ϢǴһطġ
ôˣҵİˣ˭
ԭã˾ԲǾϢȻոմͤдݹĸоȴ˶ҡ
ô˵ģ
˵İȻΪһЩԭһֱӱ
ȻһֱΪеİİڿԼƿصİҲǰ
ȻȻһµɻ󣬰еİˣĵ
ĵģվͤǰΪ޶ԣ
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692 

һˣ߿̵˵һóɫˡ
ˣʱûзȻжӡ
ƳͤһۣȻߣʵ£
ȻͷԷı飬ֶԷֻôһʣûκ̽˼
һؿͤõǵ𣿽Ը˵𣿡
ԭҵĶĶ䡣ȻЦҵȻԺ˵ˣû˱Ҹ֮ľˡ
۵Ц⣬ˡ
˵ʶȻʱҲˣȻôȻûЦȴûЦô
˺ܾãҳһݴʡҸ
ڶߵԼ
գգ۾еգʵԺʲô㣿Ҫ֮𣿡
ȻͷȻˡ
ͤҲٸֿˡ
Ǿʹ˷ֱɡɴҲҪȥҵİˡ
ȻҪͷͤȴڵ
⻰˵ԼˣȻǲΪʲôҪ
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Ȼҡͷڶ԰ٵȵȰɡɽ̫Σˣһˣò߳ȥܱܿ˶ϡӦòΪĳһӰɣ
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Ȼһ˵ʲôɵı飬̾˿ҪõĻҲ㡣
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Ϊ˭֪ǶŴŮˣ֮ıӻߡ
ǿֱ˭ǡ
һͨ࣡˵йжôڲ٣Ѿ˽ٶ಻ˡ
Ȼɫ͵סɣҲһֱɽϲȥͤòܹ֪磬Ҫߡʱһ𡣡
౵Ҳǣɽţһй֮ĸ׵Ϣġ
ͬڰòӦûԥ߸˵شӦˡ
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˶٣Щ˼㣬ҿס𣿡
ȻԡȻҲʹӦ
Ҳסɡպýܶ۲һ¡
Цŵ˵ͷ
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Ȼǹ֮ҪΪģֺ룬б˵ôô۵ʶȣȴԲܹȵϵġ
౺Ͱ֮󣬶ȻӰ첻󣬵ǹ֮ʹҪҪѡ̡
ɽŵ̲٣㾡ԴѡĲ˵ȴǾԲұѵġ
Ȼ룬ûҲ񻰣ٴʲôĺܷ㡣
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ȻĿɨȽ̬ĸȥȻ󣬴ѡĸش󷽵Ů̡
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Ǹǵǻʱ򱻹֮ѯʵŮ
ȻͷȥͼҲ̧ͷ˹Ŵ۵͸ż־ǿί
÷ǳ˵ܱȵͰҲԶ
Ȼ
ȻŲ֪ҵ֮ǰͤȫûи֪ġ֪ʲô𣿡
һ㶣Щš
Ȼ˵ͷͤԣ֮ǳμˣĻȻҲ⡣
ԣԼ񣬱ҲӦö֡
⻰ȻȻû˵ˡ
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ʵϣЩգҪ֪֮ǰͤⶼǰչˣϴЩ¡
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693 

ڡˣ˶뿪ͤȻʵ
ȻĬһ룬Աϵǵģڲˡ
Ϊʲôͤ
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Ȼϣͤˡ
ʶͬڿǸˡһ߻֮ǰھпĻ棬һ૵ѹȻǸӱ˿ԼҲġ
㡭Ժ󶼲˿ˡȻ
Ȼ򴽣ŤǰԸ˿һ
ͤһ漴ӲͷƤҪҿãԺ㣬˭
ݹСȻ̲ס΢΢𴽽ǣ˶ϣ̧ͷҵĶԲԣ
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ֻһ˵ģ
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ġ
Ϊе֣һ㲻©ش˹
Ȼ۵Ц⣬Щ̾Ϣһܺ
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㲻ͨҵ۾𣿡ȻĪ
ִֵͤúÿ𣿡
ȻÿȻԶÿġ
Ҳÿÿͤѧ׵
Ȼ̲סЦİԶǺޱġ
һȻȥ֮ϼȴѶ˵пˡ
һı飬Ȼ֪ӦЩ⡣
ü˭
ǽǶ֮񡣡ϼ
ȻһӲǶ֮˭׻֤һ˵֮Ůɷ򣿡
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ϼͷԴ֮Ů֮󣬽Ƕ֮ս֮ӪӾЩ̫ùĺҹŮһֱ鷳ս֮ҲûٸɫơǶ֮սȻȴõģ֮Ůѡɷ򣬸ĻΪӢ
һǶ֮Ȼֻı·ˡ
Ȼ°˼ôΪʲôûѡıŮǷӪ
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ˣս֮ıŮ˲һˣǶ֮ҲͣɱǷӪеİսʿ顣Ͷ뵽ıŮӪӲܸá֮ߣ˫ȻûдͤҲս֮ģСϺûϵ֮λԭûһ֮ڡ
ȻǳЦǸˣǡĳ̫ˡ
Ҫȥҹ֮񣬹֮ȴѾˡ
Ƕ֮أȻü
Ȼˡ֮ѲɻҪԷ
ûӦͶϰɣȻʵ
Ȼˡֲ֮ɵʱӦͶϣǱߺɪͺһ֮λ𣿡
ȻҲŸ֪ɪıŮ֣ս֮֡
ҡҡͷҪ˵Ƕ֮ŪǱҪ˵ķӦ治Ҫ˵ʱҹġ
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޹ؽҪȻܿͽעŵϡ
Ƕ֮뵽£ս֮ıŮҲ뵽˵ǻ᲻жЩǵ
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Ȼɻ͵һѡŶԷ֡㶯֣Ҳ취޻ԷΪֻһ£ңҳװһˡߡ
ȻҺͿռ֮Լ֮ͬĸȻҵĸŮǿġһ̣Ҫңֱĸ񷭶أҲãսʿҲãЩ군
ҵĸӣȴֻӺŮ˵ɪͺǵĸûжߵĵλǵĸ񡭡
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Ůǹ˸Ůܡ
ɽƺиΪĹ涨ֻλλ飬ͬŻֱ
Ȼ˼Ȼʵͤ£ս֮ıŮûеõʲôѵ
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֮ӣ𿴴ְƺ£Ȼʵϣռ֮Ը֮ϲ֮ʵֳǶ̰塣ˣ֮һֱܳ谮ġ
µӣܻ֮Ҫһ£Ůûй˼ˡ
䣬ŮǸҲܴ
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694 

Ƕ֮ͼͶϹ֮ȴܾºܿɽˣս֮˽±ףıŮȴǶ˼ҪܲܽԷ
Ȼʱȴ˭ҲǶ֮Ӱˡ
ǻЩӡȻ̾
ûоͷڹһܹ߶ʱ
֮ȴҡͷʲôӣŰɣʱܱܷͷҪġ
Ȼ֪ʲô𣿡
Ȼü⡣
֮µǱ
±ӦֻɣȻ
֮ҡͷǵģȷ±Ϊζǻ᳹ûʧȥڵĸȻΪֱ䣬ȴӶΣ
Ӷ᣿Ȼ۾
֮ͷ˵Ƕ֮һгûôս֮ҲãıŮҲãһ취ԼӪеȡΪǶ֮ġ
һͬĽǶ֮ǱˣȻҲὥתơ
Ȼ֪飬ǡ
ĻӪеĲпɶûʲô
ΪǴûչ֣֮صҲҪסһ֮׳󣬵ϣҲȫˡ
ȻȻԾɻ£ս֮ıŮѵ֪𣿡
һʼǲ֪ǺҲûˡ֮֮ǰ˵ɪҲãҲãڸﲢӡܶеĳʶǹȥǲ֪ġǵЩ飬ҲһЩûʲộҰ顣
ͬʱǽʵҲûôǿ
ȻʣʲôҲŪ𣿡
Ǹǡ֮ϻֻһͶʱ򣬸ոձһر𺱼ĴȾִȾ˵˥ˡһĳӣֻҪȾֲ֢ͻһꡣ
ۼ༴ۼһվɽɽ£֮ıĹ졣Ӵ֮˺һȡ֮֮ꡣˣһ˥ߣܹ١ٵܲҩٱʹĥ
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ִȾʧˣһֶ͡һĳ࣬ͻὫԼٴ衣
ٵһһȥкܸߵļʻưĺӡЩӣΪͬ೤ᱻѡȥ̡
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ٵƿ˵ֶΣȷʵս֮ı֮ġ
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ǵȻˡ֮Ҳ밡Ҫû࣬ô͹󣿿ЩûǵҰ޻ǲ˵ֲߣҲҪ̰
ȻðɣԼ̫߿Щˡ
Ҳ˵Уϣ̧̧־ܹĴڡ
Ȼ֪ǵġ
Ϣ˵ȻҲ಻֮磬ֺٲ˵磬Ҳӵһϯ֮ء
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ʱͨһ仰Ȼ²⵽ϢڵӦΪ磬ʱġ
ˣɽʲôȻ˵طƺ⣿
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񣿡Ȼһ
һֱΪĴѾˣ˭뵽Ȼţ
֮񡢺Ůĸĸ񡣡֮
Ȼɴ۾ȵȣŮһ񣿡޸ŮǶ񰡡
֪Ϊʲôᡣ֮ʮ֮ͺŮĺӡ˼䣬ʢʮ̫񡢶֮Ů֮ǻŮ֮ഺŮ񡢰ҹ֮񡢻ˮʹŮ񡣡
ʵϣһλ֮˳ӣӲǰԣŻĸǶ񡣡
Ȼþ޷񣬡˵ʵǴӣ
֮ͷ
ǾѹΪʲôֵͬܣռ֮ڹ֮ǰֵһͷĸоˡ
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695 

֪֮Ȼ뷨˵ɽ¡
Ҹ񿪱źǳ˲ʵҲԵʻᡣɽ¡ɽ㵱ɪͺʲô
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ִӹ֮һȻ̲ס۾˵ģĻǸﻹҪ˼֮սֱȥɽˣ
ؼȥֻ֮ȻǶֻҪ˶ԷԼܹɽ
Ȼ˼ô˵ֻͤҪɽܹΪ
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ȻȴһӼˡ
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Ķ˼֮æȰǿЦɽȻƽƽ棬ȴŴҪάͤ߾Ͳˣ˵ҪŴͤʧ˿ܶûа취Žͤ
ҪһԡȻ˼ãȴ˾
֮üͷôһҲȰ˵·ǳΣգ
ȻȴֻгΪܿ쵶ն飡
֮һͬͤĲָܻ𣿡
Ϊ˵ָܻء
֮˵ĺģȴһɡ
Ȼڵ֮ǰֻ˵ͤܵս֮ıŮıȴû˵ʲô
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ֻ֮ҪһţͤԶ޷ƥ䡣
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ްҡҡͷô򵥣ϢˣԼԼ£Ҳֻܹóˡ
𣿡˼صҪǲѲҶص԰ڣ
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Ϊ񣬶Ŵֲִ̫ˣϢֻҪһ£ͻ᲻ܿƵȥʰ̯ӡԷΣգϢ᲻ƣֱȥ
ʱ᲻ܿƵغһЩܵĶ
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ʵϣϢΪ˽˦ֱһӵļıˣڼ仨ѵʱꡣ֮԰ʵıЫԲŵġ
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˼һĻ㼱ˡ
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ްҲ̲סͬȷҶȻǷ˵ĸţˣҲ
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˭֪˼ҲǱŴء
ǲ֪Ҷػ׼˶ˡ
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˵Ҫܱ֤Լɽأ
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696 ²

Ҫ˵ĸǿģǱȻ֮ˡ
ݹ֮˵֮ڶеʵʵһֱ£ԱȽç²˺
ȻΪһźÿǱŮ˹֮ȻȺŮǻŮ
Լ⣬ۿҪˣӲͷƤһ񣬱ΪҪʵ󽵡˭뵽պɽٳţʵʹΪǿġ
ˣҲû˵ˡ
ǣ֮Ҳ޾ġ
ݹ֮˵֮Ҳʱˣ֮Ҳˡ
ôԼ
Ȼ̧ͷ۵Ĺӡ
ЩԽԽн򡪡Ȼ֪ЩӳʱʲôģڣЩܹ
۾ʼþȥЩʵ
ŲǣϢȣ·ضһŻԹӡ
ҲǣôϢǱѩء
Ļкö֣Ūʲô
ôκģ

Ĺʵʵ̫ˣ֪˶ãȻͻȻ۾
һ֦ͷʲôûУȻ֪Ϊʲôľȴ񴥼һŹʵ
ǿŹʵ˵ĸоǳ翣֮ͻһַǳͷĸо
ָоЩǰ˾Ƶ״̬κأ϶Լܡ
е㲻һģ˾ƵʱָоǳƮŹʵĸоȴǳ̤ʵ
ߵͷ·ǡһΣһõʵĽָ
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Ҫȥɽ£ȻûţǰʣҲޱ˵ˡ
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Ȼˣ㣿
ͷǰδе棬Ҳ´ҵȻǿʢȴԴԴ
ģҰ˶ҵ
ĴǿҲǿţһеԴͷȻ࣬𣬾Ϊŵƫܹѹ
˵Ȼ֮۵ް͸˼סˡ
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裡ްԼȥɽˣʡǵ¡
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Ƕ׼ˣ˭뵽
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˼Ҳþ޷񣬡񡭡еı䣬ҵһοΪ˸
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룬ǻЩ֡
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ȻҪ˵һûһ겻
Ȼ͵תͷʲô˼Է̫ƶˣƶһ
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ԣȻɫ
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ʱܹٴμ١
Դ˽⣬˵ûܹȵϰˡ
ǳԵĿҲǹҰˡ
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697 ɰ

˵ʵȻҲûΪô򵥵飬ԤϵɽûôףǻһЩԤеѡ
ȻˣҲǲ簬㽫һصġ
ȻһŰ㿴ġԽɻݣݣܹһ˶
ͬʱҲȷʵʵɻ
ΪϱӵľԴǱȽкøеģϾӡǶ
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ԣıЩӣ֮Щ̡
ãʵģ
Ȼʴȡ˽
¶ǳЦ˵ĻȴΪ
˵Щûйϵ
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£ôʴȣôô˽
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ڴԣǾʹľء
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˭᲻ϧԼĶ˭ȥƻԼĶ
ǵʴȣǵĲǵ˽һԡԵ£Ǹһ˽
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Ǹ԰·ȫ綼Բңȫ綼Ƿңȫ綼Ӧòҵ̬ò˵Ƿǳɰˡ
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ҪҥԣȺ֮ʵ
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ǡҪҸʲôȻǷС֮ıƢȺ֮ʾЩܲ
֮۵ȥҥԣ˵֮ǰǸҥս֮ɢģΪľǱͤȥɽɽ
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698 ޳

Ⱥ֮Եǲ⣬һ𳤴ģԶԷǸʲôˡ

ӵôˣ˼ҲһŰ˭֪㰡Ϊһҥȥȥð˭Ƶ㰡
ɵؿѣ»ҪԼѡ
֮Ҳ뵽ˣǡ΢΢Цս֮ȻƲңܱȻ
Ⱥ֮һ㶣漴˵µİ£˵ˣ˵λǸҰƾźһˡ
⻰ţȺ֮ǲŵģϻʲô˰ԷҪǸģ˵ǲǻᱻġ
֮ͷżǰȻս֮Ů
Ⱥ֮ɴ۾һ۵ģȻɲս֮ˡеġ
պȻִֵҪͤȥɽ˦ϣٺʲˡ
Ⱥ֮˵˵㡣ô޳ܡ
ȻˣҲ˵Էתÿ죬Լ֪ҥԣҲǻŵġ
˭ܲأҪ֪ȻȻǰս֮߳󣬵ǵõս֮Ƣ಻˵ǰս֮͵֪Ȼˡ
ûǰŮ
ŵġ
Ȼʵϣս֮ǰ½Ȼãߵ֪Ȼòˣѵõ뾡취סǰ½ĽŲ
Ⱥ֮һߣ֮һ̶ûеԽɽ˸׳졣
Ҵҥһ£һ¡ҪǲǸй¶ϢС˸ôЩͰ׻ˡ
Ȼսȴɽϵûһɵģɶ󶼲
գüȥȻˡ
Ůޡ𣿡ȥǾˡ
Ȼһһ췢£Ȼˡ
Ϣ͸¶˳ȥʵ
֮ӵһǹġ
ȻҡͷҸҿ϶º޹ء
֮üԵɣҰǽʾ֪ˡ
֮ͷʵҲΪ˴ˡ
Ȼ΢ȻˣкһͽץȥʣǾǷȻˡ
౺ܿ͵ˡ
Ȼѯһ֮ͬûʲôɵ㡣
һֱȻУʱûгȥΨһнӴģȻͤĸˡ
Ȼ͵ȻǰһǿɿģȻҲˡ
ôͬ
Ź֮üͷ뿪Ȼȴǿ𣿡
ڴҥԣʵڱͤȥɽ
Ͼս֮ıŮ϶ỳͤҰģӶֶԸ
˵֣ͤûõġ
ΨнɽΪԻðɡ
Ȼ
СܾЩ
ȻΪȻ
ɲ
Ͽʵϸôһ°
˵ģͤս֮ԼıŮ¡óѣ̶ܴǹ֮û뵽ǻôĵӣȻΡ
ʵϣ˵֮ʹŮ飬ǹֵ֮ܣս֮ıŮ˵ĸҲΪ
ĻЩˡ
˭ϣѴһЩ˴һЩ
Ȼ룬ǻǸϽɡܵͤ壬պãҲϣܷһԼָܹͤ
ʱս֮ǱȴǼɹ
˵˵ʲôʱ˴ҥˣս֮۾ҪԲˡ
ĺҹŮüĲ㣿
ҡս֮˲֪㻹Щйȥ½Ȼ̸ģôҵĻ
ĺҹ֮ŰɣѲǺɪڳ۶ӣ
Ȼ˵ţĿȴһֱڴս֮ı顣
ս֮۾һû϶ɪ£ˣŮ飬ܳһסǳڲֽȻ£˹ȥ
˵ţҧгݵĺɪϲˣЩıơ
ʵЩԹЩŮСƣûֻЩŮΪԴףҲ֮֮ˣ˭뵽
Ҫ֪Ȼ֮£˵ʲôҲð˸ú£
ҲЩŮ񣬾֪ԴףǰֻǷһЩС£񡭡ǿʧȥˡ
һߣıŮȴҲڸĸ洫ҥԡ
˵𣿡
-

699 Ұ

ΪǸԺܿţս֮Ҫ嵽ǰ֮ȻԼȥ֮ǰáʺŮ񿪿ڵ
ҵôáʺŮ˫ϼŮҡͷ¹λµԸ񣬿϶ս֮ٴϡϾ˫ϣǸͶλ
˶٣ϣܲٶλ˵֮Թһνѵϵڶε
û֮񿪿ڵڴ˵ս֮ҪλȥɽҲòסͲ¹֮һֱӽǸȻʱ䳤ӣĻˣҲ޷۵һλ
û֮񲢲ǻвȵӡ˵ţıŮ۾ôЩ΢
ս֮ıŮְٻЩͷԵġ
ֻǣһȺ˰춼ûͷʲô
Ȼ˼죬ıŮȴǷӦԼô
ĺս֮ûйϵԼӦڶԷǸʵԼݺ
ʱȻһѾɽɽţɽķ׷ѾӰ첻ˡ
ɽȻüصԹ
ûаһϯܲὫЩԹϵһȻڡ
۾ܹо޾Ĳʺ̰
˵ϱǸȻĸйٻ¶ԷʵҲ˺ܶ鷳˲ôϲˡ
߰ɡʱ򣬰ͻȻڵ
ȻЩɵûио
Ҫ֪Թ֮࣬²鿴ӦҲܹоּʧȥѹ֮УʱԽ̡
иоǡҡҡͷǶûӰ졣
ԼؿڣЦҵİ˻ӻҡ
ŻڵʱᱻǳѹüҪߵݣ֮󣬱ǿ飬Ҳ޷ˡ
ֻһͨͨ΢ɿѡ
۵ǳ˼Ȼȷˡ
еİˣʱָϢʱȴһˡ
ҺԣžϢԷкŰˣʵȴûκβ֮෴һˣÿᵽƽʱǳ˾ͻ
·һģϲ
Ȼס֣ͤһɫĹزƵϡ
ͤ˼УȻ
Ȼ΢΢Цһֱķʽ
֪Ϣڵĵλһ񡭡һ޷άʬĴҲǳǿ
ˣȻҪ㡣
ϵĹں֮ǰͽ˳ƾ֮ľ
˲ɽţԽߣڴҲŨأЩԹҲ
ʵϣɽƲ϶ͣҲƲأɽʯΪżܿʯѳ۲ݻᲱǸͷѰע⡣
ȻûԵΣ𣿡Ȼü
һ˼ͷһأĻ˷ѣ
ȻȻ񡭡
˵Щûڲٵ𣿶ⶼεġ
˵бģ¼һ֪ˣҲɡ
Ҳ֪˵Է޿ֻԸԴ
Ȼʵ֤ԷߵĽ塣
ŨŨֹʱȻ;ȻˣͤҲעʧˡ
ԼոջǣŶԷ֣ȴֻŶԷʧ
䣬ȻΪ£ӦԷϢˣ
ͤңʶ
šǱһռȥˡ
üͷҲҴˣɽҲǴĻز
ǰСϷһ۱ϳˡ
Ȼ˼ڵô죿ʱҲֻаеķˡ
֪̫ⷽѷˡ
Ȼսȭͷ¶ԺҪⷽµ㹦
üͷ̫߿ˣֻһࡣ˵䣬Щ
Ϥ񵱳űɣԼֻŵʱһ
ô˵Ȼ侲ʼ취
ʱͻȻоһε
Ǳ
Ȼ־ϲһԵİȵȣҺܿ
ûӦȻʧǰ
򣿻ռ䣿
򴽣ĿɨܣͻȻĿ䵽һҰϡ
ٿȥǾһʵҰ
-

700 ̬

Ȼһռ䣬ɫĹʵʹ֦ͷ䵽Ļ
ҵ𣿡ȻЩɵ
ɫĹʵһһĵأ·ڵͷƺҪʲôȴûа취
Ȼʱȴǹ˲ˣֱӴӿռȥʲôûüһԵİֱץסָǶҰȥǶҰ!

ȻһĿⴥǶҰʼû⣬ܿ죬üͷ
ǡ
ûŪĻӦǴĻ֮һ
ⶫǰˣɢܣϲȥ档Ϊ˱Ū˲ٻϷɵˮεĵܵӦоУֲȻ࣬ҲûС
ˣĻһֱܵϤ
Ȼʲôõģ֮Ȱûġ
ȻǰƶȻȥӴҰ
ȻϵǣȻǳ˳ͰҰˡ
֮ͷҰﲻˡ
ôáڶȻܺǿ궯ܱը
һ漴ȻãҰǴմʩҲûԤƹʧܣʧܺѡͬھʱ򡭡޷ʵ壬Ҳ˵ġһֻǣ
˵󣬰̲סˡ
ӵв֮ҲɺϾ̫ˡ
䱻ըĻɳǧƬʱһһ
ʹİ̲סһ䡣
ȻҲû뵽ûпսȻͽԷѹ׵ĵƸƿˡ
£ѾǷˣûʲôˡȻ
۾һܹ
Ȼͷһ̣ɫĹָӿ̼ͽǶҰֽˡ
ٵˣøϽͤȳ˵ţȻ֣εض𣬽ɫĹʵӳһɫͨ
滹ǺһȥȻʡ
ԥµһ°ɡ˵Ҳ۰ȻҲý͡
֪ԼѾȻǶ׵ڵ
ȻҲûȰֱӾͳͨС
û뵽ǣɫʵҲһ˽ȥ
ȻһˣҲֻǱסԷԷʵʵסˡ
ͨȻһ۾Ϳ˹ռƯڰյͤ
ڴӰȴҲҲ
Ȼ²⣬ԷӦǽͤ壬ڸˡ
ԭļƻǴҲŽȥͤһ֮ģȻڡ
Ȼ˿еĽɫʵͷ
ֻʶȥû취ѱҲȥǰ桭
ȴʱһŽɫĹӽɫʵзɳٳͤˡ
ȻĿѣʶҪȥæͤȴͻȻС
Ҫʹ档
ȻŲһ١
ƺͤ״̬ͦ
ţ԰ˡ
֮
˼ЦϢڹҼأһĴù
Ǹӵи̥ܿɹĲƷް
˵˼°͵ôԽԽˣҶصİɣ
ްһ飬˵ܱܲô㤣
˶٣ģôڸһһǺģԶŴȷʵûжġҸ㲻ŴôᰮɶŴ̫ûʶˣΧѡķΧ̫СԲű˰ǿ¡˻пȡ֮ġ
˼ü˵ôģ
ްΪҶص̬ȵµİɡ
˼һҶص̬ȡʲôر𣿡
Ȼˡް˸۵Ҷضκαɱ¶вϲҲѰΪ롣ڲ²⵽Ϣ֮ŹֵϵҲûеǺ侲طƣ԰ˣ̬ʼƽ͡
ǰû룬ӦѾܾûͨദͽ˰ɡ
֮۵˶ûҲûжġ
˵Ѿ˵ķ룬֮ΪһĹˡ
ΪˣȻ̬ȣŻݣٸǰһĮˣԶֻ
һֱǶ̫ˡ
Ϊ񣬸˼ûôϸ壬üҲҶ̰Ǹ᲻زãһʱըþϢŴƷҲ̬ȶʲô̬ȶ
-

701 

ȻĿתؿͤʱʱ̹̿עŶԷ״ԷһʧԮ
ȻϵǣƺͤǶûи֪κʹࣿ
걻ɻ˶ɱᾭʹࡣ
ĿռУʱ·û˸֪˶ãͤͻȻǿĹâ
Ȼ۾һ̣һŽ˳ͶнɫĹʵС
ȻǹʵͻȻ࣬ȻҪ鿴һȴȲطɳ˽ɫͨ
Ȼһһ
ģǻȥˡ
ȻһϲȻ̧ͷһ̲ס¶ʧ֮ɫ
Ϊͤûѹ۾ɽţֻʶȻѾΣա
񡭡ѵûнȻ
ˣҸͤӦϱҸ֮ĺӣ
֪ԼȻǰͽԵģ˱²⡣
˵ʱŲ֪۰
Ȼ˵ͷǵġǲֹһӽԵͲøˡ
ͤЦһһϷˡ
ΪʲôûлָȻü
ôָܻͤǴ񰡣ֻҪڣڡ
ȻȻοûϵģǻ±ӡ
˶٣Щȷ±ӵİɣ
УȻСȻæ
Ҿͷˡͤĳ׵˿
ֹȻҲӵԼİˣǻ
Ȼ±ӣҲһźġ
ȻͤЯֳ֣һ
Ȼһû̲꣬ס˼

ʲôУϽܰ˲ӵļһֻ֪УȻ˸ۣɽ³ȥ
ɽ·Ǳڵıѩһ㣬ۿɼٶʧ
µˣһͷֻȻץŵߵײײܡ
ʵϣܶ鶼ۼɽɽ£֮Ҳս֮ıŮ
˹֮񴿴ǵĶӣս֮ı֮͸ˡ
Ǽȵ֮ĳΪϣɽϡȻڹ֮˲òƺ¶˿ù֮֡
ıŮ񣬱ͿҪս֮Աƣ౩ˡ
һƬУɽȻһӾͱ˷ˡ
ô£ôоɽҡΣǴ𣿡
ǴɽҡΣ
ģʲô

۷׷ףս֮ıŮһۣԷûжҲͬʱ˹֮
֮ۿɽã૵֮ɽʧ
ʧ
ս֮ıŮһȻ˳Ŀ⿴ȥ
ܵɽʱ򣬰ŷȻͷѾ亹մúˡ
һȻʶʲô¡
㡭þҵ壿ԼŵֽŶˣܵٶȴһҲΪǱսʤ˺£˭뵽
򴽵㡭ſҰɣ
죡Ȼ۵ò˵ƫƫİϣֻܵһ۵Ұ׷
򴽲˵˫ȴţֻḺ
ڣǰ˹֮˵Ӱ
Ҳ侲ˣ̲סͷһۡ
һ̣ˡ
ȵȣǸͲܣ
ȻŲһ٣ʶһȥȻҲסˡ
ǡ
˿ɽĹͬһӿͤ塣
⡭
Ȼͤʲôо𣿡
ͤһЩԥ͸оҺǿ࣬ҡ
ʲôȻʵ
ҵЩһֱѹͤ
Ȼüͷһ壬󵱻ϵѹƣų
ͤһ漴á
䣬貵Ľɫâзɳܷȥ
ʱǲ֪âȴǷɽ˼Ҳ
ͬʱͤӿȻ壬ɫһѾܿƿʼ˵ˡ
ԪԵһн磬ڲ࣬࣬˫š
Եһ棬˷鲻߱ɱ࣬಻飬зͶʱ䳤ӣֻسӡ
Եһ֮Ѫᣬᣬз꾡
֮ҫ޹֮޹
ޣΪһ塣
䣬·ȽȽ
ǿ¶˵ӡ֤ͤĻ
-

702 Լ

ȻˣԼо˵ԲеȻͤЩ
ЩĽؿˣԼûзʱʲôţһȻȴԴԴϵķʽȻ塣
ˡ֮ϣ˼˿
ްҲЦĥţ꣬Ӧþܽϵȡˡ
֮񼸺ȲسȥȻɽյ˫ۣһµû𣿡
ԣȻûͤˣǡǴģֻҪûлͲָܻ
֮һʹ
ͷԭùǺս֮ıŮȴǾһ
ͤȻɴ񣿴˾֮٣кʸΪ
ս֮ıŮҪһЩüͷһǵͤ壬ѵҪȨһҰ񣿡
˵ţȻһۣ۵״źεɲҪˣŮ˿ս֮ŮиµͷҲܶȫΡ
ͤϿ仯⻰ʵѾǳˡȻһ˳ȥ
ܻкɪ¹ǹûʽⷢӻ京ɳӰʡ˰ɡȻṴ˵鵽ʲôУﶼʵڵġ
üͷڵ忪ʼһһͷų
ףֻǿ飬ܳΪ
˵ĹȻѾս֮ıŮ
ս֮ȻŭһҰѵҪһսǶˣ
ΪȻòȻЩʣЩԳģȴǸ˲Щˡ
ȻһڽѲ㻹ҪҵΪûԷǰͲһ
ս֮ϰ˵ЩûʵĻȻôֱӰǺȴҲֻȻˡ
˵ϻıŮһץѾóԼϰõȨȡ
ս֮üҲֻܳԼĳ
Ȼһǰÿһ׳һֱ֣󿴲仯
Ϊʱı仯Ѿڽǰܹˡ
ҪһϣȻĿɨս֮ıŮһ顣
ս֮ıŮһۣȻµԷӦòǺ⣬Ȼ
ջ̫ˣ˵׻ûпס
ʤܡڴһˣ
׷ɵϮ˲䣬Ȼſ˫֣ɫĹϷɳ׼زסÿһ顣
ЩһʼûнЩɫȻܿ죬ǾͷЩɫǸûѣֻŸ֪ԼѪ⵽궼飬֦ͷ
ȻԣԼܹơ
Ͼ鱾õϣ黹ô
Ȼ΢΢̾
֮񻹺ãгǸģپҲ򶨣Щûôˡ
Ⱥ֮Ϊ׵һŵñȼ󣬿žĴɵӣһ㶼ûķ緶
˵ʵ˵ȻͤһЩҲ
񡭡
Ȼһνǿ׼֮һȺκʱҪɡ
Ǹ֮ЩڵʵǻҪȥ𣿡
ҪȻش
֮һԵջȥ
ȻҡͷôҲߵ³ʵϣֻͶӰıѾջؿռˡ
ԣһջһһһʵ
һ·Ȼصɽϣ֮Ҳ̲סˣץסȻʵ׷ʲô飿ɽôǣأͤİѴˣ
˰ͱ£Ȼûһһ˹֮
֮þ޷
֪˶ãƺ侲ˣ˿ڿˮʵͤĳΪˣ
ôáԼǸһ
ðɣǺȷʵǸġ
ǡ֮ԥһµ֮ǰ˵Щģ
Ȼ⣬ڲЩ
ȻġȻ
ǿ²̫ס֮ҡͷɹˣĿһӾԼ
ԼҲûйϵȻ赭дս֮ıŮõӡ
ȱء
֮һҭûˡ
˵ҲͷЩ
˵⻰ϱҲ
ʱ̹㱨˵ǿռ֮ͷ֮ǰãûˡ
Ҳֵ֪ǹϢġϾͤ඼ڶеġ
-

703 ƴ

ףô£
ǰͻȻ˵ʲôĵģǻ˵İɣ
֮Ÿսȥһǰһ仰ͬʱ
˲Ǳˣǿռ֮񰢵Լ֮
֣֮ӵ֣һһ磬ƫƫ»Ϊԡ
֮һ۰ԷһŮģ
üʹһֱ⸱ģˣ
ռ֮һ漴һĵʲôʱ˾͸ϽұȥҸŮǲҵġ
֮ƲƲ졣
֮ЩеǱô£㵹Ǹ˵˵˵ͤȥɽôɹˣ
ϲղ˵Ŀռ֮һ֮ιϲһ
ȻȴƳͼ飬ǳĶҲ˺ޡ
ҲǵŮ˱ŮǿӵľӰ
ռ֮Ҳ˹
֮ӵͤȻںɪͺܡ
Ȼɵˡ
ռ֮ͷ֮ˡ
˵ܺͺɪɵˣ֮ɴ۾
˵Ȼռ֮üǵſͤϥϵǸҰ񣿡
֮ͷ
˲䣬˶һ
Ȼͬڰ󣬿ռ֮ɫȴѿˣͰ͵ǸӦòǺҰɣҪҪһ㣿ɻûл
֮˸۵㶼ôˣȻӦòƽˡ
ռ֮һҲǣʱ˿
Ƿ֮üȵȰҲˣԺȥˣܲɱ࣬ġ
ǰ˵£֮Ҳء
Ҫ֪ͬǴסˡ
˵ˣɽȻ󣬵һȤζûУ˭һ쵽ﰡ
֮ʱȥͤ˵˵£ô˵㶼ǵġĻжӺͶϱġ
֪֮ܲڴʲô⣿
˺ߵҪһ棬ҲֻȨҪô
𰡣ռ֮ͷ֮һۣæʼƨ˵û
֮ȴǲΪڵˣҲǸ̸̸˸ġǰ㡭Щûɵı걾б²ҪȻ֡
ռ֮ҲǸӸģԲûаæ˵Ͻ͵ֹأЩ˱걾ɲͨ궼أô
֮Ȼɫſռ֮˵ģ
Ǹռ֮ŲӣӱˡǶǰˣӦáӦòƽϣ
ƽͷ֮۾ϽأЩղضٵЩŹ鵽ֻسȥ
ռ֮ԥԥģȻǲ̫⡣
֮һˣҿɾ㣬ȻɽԭλţʶȤһЩǲţԼȥհһ¡ѪΪϵӦܹϳܻɵĹӡ
Ҫúһͼɡǲ룬͹һ㣬ҵĻ
Ҫ֪Ȼ˵Ǻȱϵġ
ռ֮ɫɷס
һȻȴǷһ¡
أ
˿һǵᡭ뿪֮󣬹֮µĸ׵ϢĻԹԴɽϣĸΣգܳȥˡ
Ȼü౵ĸʲô
һԵµ౵ĸѩɺǱŮߵģλŮǳϲ֣ѩɺѪͳȻ㲻϶ãʤòűԷУǿдˡЩѩɺȻѻҲûܵʲôŰȻǰʱ䣬֮ѩɺʴŮҪ
Ůʵ籱֮Ȼᣬֻܽѩɺ˫ַϡ
˶٣̫֮ⷽãйڴϽŰǰơ˼֣ں֣Ȼ֡
Ȼɫһʲôʱˣ
ºͰ˿һۣȻģϼһȥˡ
Ȼüһ̣ľɽΧ迪ȥˡ
֪֮ɽһֻҪҵ౾Ϳˡ
Һһ౺Ͱ˾ǣҪҵԷ¡
ౣϽܡѩɺµĴֿӶķɫʣȴĶҺ
ڱŮͳʱѩɺѾƴҲöԷóˡ
ǣû뵽ʮûŮͻȻǰҪȥ
⣿
ϵĻѾʧˣ¶˱Ŀѩɺһ°ĴпʼǳɫĶҺƴ
-

704 Ȩ

ĸŮĹƣ֮ŭЦĿ䵽౵ϣɿʵĴ꣬һ˷ܵǡϲ
ͷһᣬܿһŶҺĴ֣˻һӰౡ
úѩɺ֮ǰͲԸ˳ǴҪơȻŮ֮
٣ϣŮܹġ
ˣͺðˡ
ֻҪסŮôѩɺٲˡ
ߣ꣬СŮȻҲһˡ
ô
ѩɺһ˲㿴뷨üһݣϰƬһһſһ̣ЩƬ뿪壬һ˱֮
ͬʱ˹ȥ౼뿪ԭء
һ̣һԭĵط
౵һһ첻µزµ̲סð亹
뵽ûдɽĽ㣬ҧҧתͷѩɺ裬취ӳȥ˲εġ
ɵӡѩɺ̾˿дŮ٣ֻҪ֮룬ұӵԶҲûáӰɣڻ㡣
ôУЩҵģӳȥ֮ȥ֮ɽ£ҵ֣㣬Ҳҵġ
ѩɺüӳȥԮ
౻ǸӣΪĸףûܸѾԲˣŮԼȥðգ
ˣ౿ڣµĴǾͻȻס˳ȥ
ҡӰһĺ౻һǷɳɽ
һ¿õʵȴõɾպý౶һƬС
衪౴ˮź
ôˣȻͻȻߡ
һ㶣ΪԼĻ
ˣȻü
͵̧ͷ޵㣬ȥȾ裡
·Ȼûзϻֱӿڵ
ǵʱѩɺѾ̫ˣµĴѾдѣͷѣһ͸ĶһϢı֮Ҷȥ
һĻȻĿһһ̣ɫĹѩɺߣ֦֮ͷ
㣿Щŵ
Ȼοģڸĸˣ˺˾ܳˡ
౵˵ͷȻŰٷְٵΡ
ʲôˣ˭׼Խҵɽģ֮֮ŭճĵĿȴճȻϲˡ
Ȼø˷ϻֱһ֣ɫĹɳ̼㽫סӹ֦ͷ
ȥɡǣ౵ֵ
һз̫죬ϻᣬȴЩز
صʱ֮ͤϵǣҲڡȻ֮ȴİһ˭Ҳ˵ʮף֪жĮ
ǣһϲǻˣ
ౣˣ
µҲ˵ϲǡԣһԼˣԻҪһµġ
ƺǲŻع¶һЦݣҰȻˡ
˶٣ĵԺҲˡ
ƲƲ죬ûʱ
ȻдЩɻ
Ȼ͵౵ĸҵˣơ
һµмӾܹˡ
һ˵ţԷųһͶӰ
ģ౸˼ˣվ·۰Ͱ͵ؿš
ȻûãɢˣѩɺӰǰ
лѩɺǰʶһ۱ϳȻǰл
ЦӦýнµģѾˡ
˵¶⡣
ѩɺһ漴лл
ȻЦõлǿ౵ϡ
ѩɺ֪ŮλĽ飬һʱ䲻֪˵ʲô
ȴ౵㣬ȥְ֣һɽ𣿡
ȻûпڣѩɺȴѾץס֣֣
Ȼһۣɬˣº¸ոҪڲࡣ
ȻһҲ⡣
㣿һ㷡
⻹򵥣ȴǰڵΪȨûƶ˱ԼµĹġ
ȻȻЦ˵û
ȻҸһ飬ƾ飬Խš
˶٣ǣֻһΡ߳ţͻϡ
һԺ󶼲ܼˣ
һȻԻңҲпܻ뿪š
㻹۾һ
-

705 Σ

ȻЦκ鶼ǾԵġ
ȵϣ˽¸ͤ˵¡
ڽ£ҾҲȫ뷲硣ȻЩͷۡ
ȷʵֹͤûǴĻܶ汲ڷ磬ǿǽ磬ֻᵼǳΪĶ󡣡
˶٣˵ܶ񶼽Ϊ̵ҫҲ˶ôΪġ
˵öԡȻ̾»ýһƶϸ򡣡
գȻһǰ
Ѿ֪յȻţ޻Ǽ͡żһĿʮнż̲꣬ס˫۷
ӣͬмʵҲĽġ
Ҫ֪ȥ̵µĲ»òԸȥ޿۽ء
˭뵽أһŮ԰õĳɾҲǳΪˣԷȴܹһΪ¡
ǲµ²Ľ֡
ɺã޳ΪµĵʦƽǿԤġ
ޣ˵ʲô޽õ̲ͬסʵ
Цǰڲ࣬йֽϸ򡣡
˿üҲ̲ס˼ֻϲ
ԣȻкܶﶼʱ鲼ˣ뵽Լ档
ޣɵøºú˵ֽȻǺ£ҲþԴ
ǣҵȥźס޶Ǵࡣ˴뱲ˣܲǶްɣ
ǰȻһǶ˵ʵһ治ȥźЩ顣Ͼûмбģλ°䲼ֻ˵鲻ɱ࣬û˵ɱᣬһ㱣϶ûС
ûȥź󣬱Ĳ˵ԺиúÿĺѵҪ䵽ȥˣ
Щսʿкܶ˶з˸ĸֵܵġ

һһ˵ţûвͷϸ˵
һߣ౺ѩɺȻȴǽ֮񣬸˵鶨档
Ĵ㣬֮һ֮ǰЩѵ𣿡
ȻȻȻ֮ǰҲ᲻ɱˣͨǿ󣬲ܳš㲻̫𣿡
֮Щҭˣ룬ί밡ˣҪһѹǡ
ǾȥϣȻ
֮üҪ֪ǿȨܿѡ
ȻҡҡͷĻشһ⡣
ʲô֮ü
ȻһգգؿʵҪԣǱҪ𣿡
˵ʲô֮󾪡
ҪȡȻҲǶǡϣƽ͵ؿ⡣
磬ΪĺᣬĹøƾȻڡ绹Ҫ𣿡
֮ĬãЩƣӣ˵ɣ㵽Ҫʲô
粻ҪˣǲΪɡȻΪֻӵǵɡҪԾȣԾȷʽ벻顣
֮
Ȼһϯĸ˼ްˡ
ãް鸴ӵ⻰˵üȶֲԡ
˼ͷճȷ֮ȻȲ˵ҫ֮󣬺ܹСɥĲĴҲǰ״
˵һ䣬ǹһĨ̡
ͻȻϷ𡪡
ˡ˼̧ͷüЩǵǱ֪ǵļƻ᲻ӾϢ
֪Ҳûϵ첻ô˶٣ްߣ֪ʲôƻϢи𣿡
˼¶ΣðɣҶˡ
Ȼ˵ȴޱȡ
ǲ֪ϢƣҲҰľԲС
֮۵ѾСĽˣˣҲûзŹǣҪ׽⣬Ψһ
Ǿǳ
Ƕ֪Ϣ᲻
ȻΪˣǲԽףϢǴôġ
Ҫôǻ
Ҫô벻飿֮ʵ
ȻһۣȻΪսΪ¸ĽΣ
֮Щ£ʲô˼
Ȼָ̧֣ŴڶЩΪа
Ϊ飬ӦģһĴСڹƳ̶ȣԼתĴС
ת̫СˣϴЩˡ
ˣ֪жΣ𣿡֮ɴ۾
-

706 

Ȼ˵Щ֮Ȼ֪
Ȼ֪жôΣա
鲻ͬ࣬ԴԽ㣬뵽̫գ档
Ȼ̫Σˣ飬Ҳ˵Ӧһѡ
ȻȻҲ֪ǡ
κ鶼Ҫеյġ˶٣ѣҪȥһԡ
ɻһķΧǶָֻĳ򣬻ǰ̫յ
ϢĽļʶһ¡ÿ綼ûб߽磬޿ܵġ
籾ŷչıܡ
ͬǷǳ۵ģŴĶ˵֮õĴڡ
Ĵƶķչǧݱ䣬Сβо֮ܽ⿪İأһһ㿪棬ƹ
飬洦ֻڿͷ۵Ȼù붪ˡ
ߡ
òϵǣʵ̫ˡ
ʲôܷȥģͻἫıԴʰ飬Ҳ߽ĩ·
ȵлһѣǻʼһֵת
Ȼ֪鶼Ͻϳʱǿǧ껹ǵʵȻĲ㡣
ӦɣŹ̫֮պ󣬻ΣȴҲ˲ϳɳǿ󡣡
κֻҪǻŵģͲԶһɲ䣬ֻᱻֻ̭вѰǳʢ֮
ˣȻѾ㹻ˣʣµӦù֮Լ˼
ʵϣ֮ҲȷʵĻˡ
죬ͽһˡ
ȻţʱȴӦԼɩӵǿᾧˡ
һ㶣Ȼʶر㶯˵ñõʧԭء
֮ǰȻûֱͤӽˡ
һ룬ڵĵطͱˡ
ɩӺƥɽһĵȴš
ȷãɩֻǶᾧһƥɽЩ
ɩҲЩȷȻȻô˵ġ
ᾧ
Ȼʱֵ
ɩӺúõģһȻע⵽ڳˣʵʲôˣ
ɩӸ˼ˣܿ£һǳȻȻˣץˡ
Ȼһ˭ץˣոע⵽ˣΪԷ²ڣڿ
֪һԵܽῪڵȥģ뵽һֱûлȥˡ˵˳ǣȴûлؼҡƥɽ˺üûҵˣһ˿ûУǾͻǲǸйϵȻ˺ɽһҪİȥ˿Է˵һƬ«έϢ
˵̲סס죬ʵǸ˵ǸȻʵǿǳٽңϰæ
ʱһԵİɩӿڵȻȻ㿴ܰæܰϵĻͰһҪǰﲻˣҲҪǿ
ԭҲûΪȥȻͬԷҲȻҪ
˵ǰһֱȻܼױ£ɿڵġ
ȻҪǻѾǶ֪ȻΪˡȻ飬ζԸȻȥðյġ
ȥɡȻڵ
ﻳɣ˵׼Ǳˡ
ʵϣʵĲ²ȥԶ
һ˵«έأȻȴһӾͲŨϢ
ǡȻӦϢЩɵ񣿡
񡣡˶٣ͤȻȻҰ˸Ū
ȻҪôŪͷͤӿڡ

ȻһʶеĻ߶ǰ
ӡҲ
ⱾӦֻǳһĻ˵֮ȴӳһȦһȦ
ܿ죬һ˾ͱδ֪Ŀռм˵Ƕ˳
³ţ洩һ°׵ĳ㣬ɫĳҵɢţˣҲ޷ø߽µݡ
ѽѽº£ǲء
Ĵ֮Ͼ·̧ḧԼ˫ĵòһҲ۵𣿡
Ȼˡ
Ǹʲô
֣ͤŮ壬ڳ֮ǰȴΪŮĶ塣
˶٣ĸҲм䣬ԡӲ֡
ô֪Ȼ⡣
м䡣ͤش
-

707 ϲ

ʵϣصĳʶ֪ͤı֮Ȼֻ಻١
ȻȻǸŮôôأ
㲻ףŮ飬ôһһ⣿
˵Ӧֵܡ˵ǽðɣԩ
ͤŮЩ⡭˶٣ֻмµݣ鲻ƫƫԴּΪִš
ԡµײЩ꣬һֱڱ˵ĵϷҲǵһˡ
ʵϣ⵽֮ͺŮֵܽãҪŪҲ١
Ȼ
Щؿ˶һۣʵץʲô
黹Ҫʵ𣿡˸۵ȻΪúÿ
۾Ц˵òˣֵҲȥֻǹ˭뵽汻ˣ
ȻĬȻû뵽йء
ģûǸӦû¡ͤʵϣǲܣҲŻ
ԥ£ûģǸȴ顣
ôܣȻˡ
ͤ㲻֪Ȼȷʵӹɣϳúÿץȥ˺ܶһʼǳȴʱҪҪĲ١
ôһ˵Ȼﻹûеס
Ҫ֪ʵ黹࣬ڲûж١
ռõȫڹ͡
ɽСطʵҲͬŮͬ
оֻҪպã˶ܱ˫ͷ
ҵǣȳûгΪ
ʱһȻĳһܿͷӦ˹ĲһڣñȽϼʱ
ûء
ˣȻȥˡ
ǣ˵ˣǱĸˡ
ҪҴౣȻһȡ
粻˵ѩɺͷԣô౴ڷʱ俴ûʲô⣬ʱˡĲ˵ԺҪҶ󶼲ס
û˵ǣûȻôһϵζȥڲġϾڶĵĵطĵλ֪
ȻͲһˡ
ˣ᲻Ů˾
ȻౣԸ⣿
ЩԥԺ󶼲ܻ𣿡
ԵġϵǣȻȻԭ᲻ܴڷ磬һЩ
УδͲơ⼸ĥһϸ
ԣѩɺ綼۾һ
ǺһҪ֮ܳ꣬ǰŽѩɺʵ
ȻͷֻҪ˷Ϳԡ
ѩɺʱЦˣҲͷҪȥڲࡣ
ȥ֮Ȼ̲סɻûǴĻֵӦọ̀
ԣҲиǧǰʵǿĵɻʲôͤڵ࣬Ϊ˳ԼὫԼ˳ԡһ˾ܳõرഺ
˶٣ǣֻкĸԸЧ
Ȼû뵽Ȼ£Ƿ
һֱŻãˣ˭Ҳ˵׼ѩɺ᲻ᷢ衣
⡭
ڲк𣿡Ȼʵ
ҪһǨͤȻ
ȻͷûһЩҲðźóѨǡ
ͤ²̫ףڲ಻󣬵ȴġ
Щ˭Ȼʵ
һϵ顣˶٣ͤһϵһ͵ȴ㲻ϺƢ
ȻüǾȽ濴ɡ
Ȼû뵽ǣ֮ȴǸһϲ
˵ʲôȻһš
ԭƣĹ̲֮סҰ֮񡢺֮ʹ֮˵ˣǴӦ̫ս̽Ϳ
˶٣һҪ󡣡
ʲôȻʵ
Ϊͷӿ򣬵Ľ裬Ҫǽ֮
Ȼϲ˼ǡ
֮աʹһĻɣǸĽɷ򣬵ĽͷչҪǲ𡣡
û⡣Ȼɴ
˶٣üǸòʹԼȥɣ
Ȼǡ֮ĸ˵ˣǻὫ˰֮кȥҡ
˶٣ͤ
Щɡ
ȻɴֻҪ̳Ǿһȥ
˶һ¡ֻҪʮУ
-

708 Ų

㣬޲һûü䣬ͱȻȥɻˡ
ⲻһģʮѧߡ
ҲȻģЩѧһǶĺɷΪ˽ġ
˫̽ȴӸԵ˷ȥۡ
һ棬Ϊִľ飬˫Щ𣬵Ҳ˳
ڵһѧ߶һһнԵ鶼־ϲ
Ȼˡ
Լ಻£ѵԼ顣
ЩѧһϿڣȻԿڵȲ⣬˵˵ΪǰʱеЩΪѡ
ֳĬƬ̣ȿڵŮֻҪòߣ֮³˵Ҳ֪ԸòҪֻ顣ԸԸǻܵȺ
⣬ӦͰ֮ձΪѡ
ͷҲʼˡ
Ҳ˵˵ɡһλĴ󣬾Żڹ޵ѧ߿ڵҳĴׯںߣһءʱ鲢ǡׯĴҶԴΪ˵ʱ򣬴Ҳ÷ʲôܲ㣬ŭˣջҲ᲻
һֱҵ˶ڿ־ҡȴܵϲ֧鱾
ȻˣϣܹõأǱϵء
ѧߵͷ˵ʵҲЩܹ˼
˵Ǵ΢ĩ
ˡȻֵһʲô˵ģԳԣɻ䡣
Ȼûһѧ߶һۣûٲҴš
ɱʵ±ϷŪ衣һŮѧ۾ڵ֪ܲһλŮѧߡòȴţڽġҩѧ϶ųڵĲܺͼʶҲԴΪЩϲǣһû鷸ƶû캦ȴֻΪһλϷŮִ䣬ȴڰǹ·ȫë
鳰ЦһȴûȡǣλŮѧȴǲ裬ѡսԼ
Ȼ˼ʵ֮ǰһϣܹأǱϵء
ֹϵǣŮѧ߿ڵ˵ʵУҲܻİ࣬Ϊ֡Ҳǿܸеĵزֻǡ£ϣܹʵĳͷ
ǽǼɵĳͷ
ȻǾ÷֮ɡΣΪͷꡣ
ΣŮѧЩûС
ֻȻҲʵΪݣԵжϵġ
Ůѧ¶⣬˵λŮѧߵǸΪȷʵˣǡȷǸŮѧʲô飬裬˵ʵҿֻߣ鲢ûֻ࣬ǲһ񶨵ĲͬĻԷ;á衯ѡɱǴѵҲϣ
Ҿⷽ飬ֻԵжΪҪС
ִᣬЩ˱ķߣֻҪûֱӶɱˣͥûа취ıɱǡ
˶٣ȻԺһһͥרж顢Ͱᡢ֮ľסͥУһţŽһٸû覴õԼһٸѧΪԱκоǽͶƱ
ѧ֮󣬱Ĭľ
֮мѧ߿ڷˡ
֮֮ܶìܵ˵Ҳֻô֣ɱࣻǰûϿԡ
֮⣬ѧᵽһּΪӵ顣
ǰɱˣҲˣǽ˱һʯͷһ仨һֻһֻ񡣶ʱޣá
һ㣬ȻǾһȻרŰ࣬⡭
Ѳɣɵкܴġ
ٷͬɡ
飬ЩʲôʵҲǸѥɦϾǵʵ̫ˡ
ڽĴ󲿶Ӽ棬ĽҲԽԽ١
ȻԤУԺ֮ԽԽвࡣ
ĽŲ棬跢չ
-

709 

һֻ֣˵һ
ĸһֻ֣һλ顣
Ȼֻ֪ԼĸǺౣȴ֪Լĸһλ顣
ûйϵҲҪ
˵ݣİûжߵĵλȻʵȴˡ
ΪĸµĸºΪûԼӵĹϵԼ߳İϲ
ȻԴ֮󣬰Ѿûмºˡ
ĸ˵ºȥ̽Զˡһĸûȥˡ
ʧģҪ֪СһԸҪΪλս棬Ϊǿ
Ȼʱ򣬽Ѿòˣİһһפ貵׳
龭һ⣬ҲԽǿ
ľʹеķһ£ԭݶֻ֪ͣܵһϽ
ڿصĹвɥЩ˺ôˣ֪ɶ١
ĸףλʲôʱ֪ٴʵ
ʵȻҪȥǲ˵
ûĸ׶
ĵϷڵʲôеʱȡ
֪Լĸ⻰ڷ̰ĸ
˵˵ĹϵҲ㲻˭ûһû
ĸǴ֮࣬񻹻ţҲΪ¸ι˲ŵر
ǼˣҲѾǼˣòѾѰ죬ҽʦ˵ŵرҲû취ˣֻٻʮꡣ
ʮꡭԻ٣ǣȴֻǴʱ䡣
ĸʵҲܣ֤ݾԽԽˣͲؾͻˡ
˵ĶȻֻаĸˡ
˵ţˡ
ÿο౵ͼһһ̫ţúţܸʲôԼ̫𣿡
ĸĸҲǵ㡣ε
СʱЩλĸȴ֣ܰĸһı飬˵ãĸͻǺȥ
֪ǧ궼ûгĳѾͷ
ǳѾͷءһǸ·߲̫ˣ;ͱôˡ
˶٣Ļᣬڵʲô£
֪ģλý£ǲ
һΣȴǳĬãȻſڵѾ˰ɣ
һ㿴ˣҲԣⷽ񡣡ȻҲΪʲô
һȣ֪ĸ׳ˡ
Ҫ֪λ֮󣬰ҪûôˡҲûа취֪ڵʱʱʱؾͻὫԼѪĸһΣȥںϣֳһЩصĴйֲĸԱ߽в
򴽵ˣûоͷˡ
㵽Ҫ˵ʲôü
ٴγĬãȴ죬ҡͷˡ
һ±ƵؿŰ뿪ıӰתͷŮʵǹҿ̣
ûлشոհĸı飬ܾǸӣЩȻҲЩȻ
βס
ʵżἵһ°Ϊܾã֮ʲô
оԼżһ
߻Լס
˿εգŲԶʵ¥Ʋ·æµ࣬ɱ۾
ʵϣЩѾӦ
ô궼ûҵӦǾϢת֮һܡ
ʵһкܴĿǾϢġ
λ£Ȼ¡
״̬͸ˡ
ʵҲ̫ˣԾϢĳǸôҵ
ֻǸ״̬ȫԼӰ졣
Ȼ¾ǼŮоϢСֻǶԷ鱨ȻѾˣɲǾϢʱСͬİ¡
ԼҲ⣬֪Ȼʵݵһ˲䣬Ȼ
ô˵أһֹȻ˵ĸо
ԼϾҪ뿪磬Ҫ౰仰ġ
ȻµͷȴԼǸ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
ʵϣƽò˼飬Ȼûлϲûκηŭκβʡ
أܸоԼһõͷ·ϡ
ܽΣһ㣬̹Ȼˡ
ǺõĻǻģʵںˡ
Ҫʵܼ򵥡
ҪһС
˶ѡ
-

710 Ŷ

ҶⱲӵе㲻ȻûпĻᣬϵ־Ͷˡ
ŶŸ߰ĺӺ洫
ҶתۿȸԽҶȻҲš
ûжŲŶء
˵ҲЩܱ࣬Ŷò
ðɣʵһϲ
ȻķɸһʱһҪܸ֮
ڼҳ
ܿϧҶⱲһ¶
۾ʱ򣬿ľԼĸʬ塣
˵һ󵨵ҽԼܾҪ̥ˣΪǱʬʳġ
ȻҶؾͱ͵XX
˵ʵһ֡
XXҲĳĳ˼X˼ĸǲ档
˵ϱ˹ĸ׶A˼壬ĸAԽǷٷ֮ԽԶԽ
ĸǾסǣ˵ЩҵģӵֵһЩǡ
ѾˣһΪȵ硣
Ϊս̫ˣҶĻƧûǴý屨ֽϽյϢ˵ֶôսˡ
˵ϱ˹׶ڵļٵľסǣ򣬱õģϼҲһϮ
XX͸ˡ
ҶⱲѾ11ˣļУÿ£XXϼϮǴʱСģϮģġûС
ϾXXҲû˷ģϮʱ
⣬XXΪʲôXXأ
˵XXԭǽXģǴAʼ˳ӣͨͨĩβĸ
Ȼǰ˼ĴûԥͷӶѡһ˾򣬴µX
ԭҪҴ߶Ǩ㵽Xȥġ
ЩҴȴǾܾˡ
ΪЩҴҪôҪôףܲȡǿƴʩôȥˡ
Ȼû뵽ǣɵXȴǽѪˡ
ѾµXұ㿪ʼԭXгXX
XXˣǳʱòӣ¶ֻԼĹϵ˼ΪŽᡣ
Ž̶Ѿͷ۵ʱ
ΪοҪXXǨȥȴûгɹ
˵XXȻڵϱ˹ηϣȴǵòκιٷԮġ֮Եģ˶ҲһĲˡ
˵ʵҶػϲطġ
ⱲǸ¶ȴûиܵ˿Ϊ¶
Ǹоô˵أҪݵĻǡ߳ţĿ֮ҵˣֻҪXXˣǾԼˡ
Ҫ˵طһáȡֵˮƽ̫ˡ
Ŷ֣Ằкȸ
֮⣬лƶ̶춹ˡߡ򾡭֮ôô
ȸӵŪһֻͼ壬ҪҪһȥ
Ҷ۾һԥҪ
˵XXȡҲûԭģ֮ȱʲôʲô
XXûԭģѾûκֲˣҲ޼̬ȫ⵽ƻ
һֱXX˶ӪΪ߲˺ֻǵʱջһЩ
˵ֵͼܹԻҶصĹ͡
ģͼۻճʬ塣
Դˣ˸ûж룬ֻΪҪʵ顣
Ҷȴô롣
Ҫʵ飬ҪôʬҪֻո߼ˣյͼЩ˵ȥˡ
ΪΪǲƷ
ҶؽĲ²˴ˡ
Ϊ˲⣬ȴ˽ȥ֮󣬱XXջĳٶһΪо
һʼһֻǽһЩͼĲλսס
ʵҲ̫ףϾͼȻһֱȽϼӲҲޣҰ벢ס
Ȼоһµͼʳüֵ
ǣٱһһ֮ҵ޳ʬжغкʵķ
֮XXȱ߲ˮȴõ˳ֵĲ䡣
ϾXXÿ춼ϵͼ塣
֪ĵȼԽͣԽֶѰ
ӴˣĲ˵XXûпӪˡ
ҶظȸǵʱѾһȺһˡ
Ҷص˷׷Χ
Ŷܵȥˣұ϶ûҵ㡣
ǰһ㻨ǮһܰϧҲ㣬»˾ֻԼԵˡ
һⶼûУŶ㻨ǮҾʹȥԱܡ

ȻЩ⣬ǡҶز֪ٴθ̾ԼⱲӵԵĲ
-

711 Ӯ

XXĹ¶ܶ࣬ڵҲ٣˹ǵ˲١
֮Ҷسô󣬶ûжҲûȱٴ
ŶʱĿĴѾһˡ˴ˣҰⶼˡ
ΪСƯĹϵҶشСܵƫ۴˻Ǻӣûһõġ
ԼΪġ
Ҷ̺һȻŴġ
˵ͺڷ涢DҲ֪ǲġ
Ϣ
ô˵ģͺڷѾųͨˡ
ǳıӵˣһǵţȻФD
Ҳǣǰ߳Խÿûо˾ЩǵſͺڷȻƴеǵţôȥҲҪԲˡ
ҹƵûȻֻͺڷͷǵſ϶ֹһҪûǲҸ;ӽаġ

Ҷҧһâɣ˵֪XXһȺֺеİӣ֪ģ̸ݣ׼ΪһȺ쵼
ҲϰˣXXķ֣ܴ˺ӶսǣȴʲôӪ
Ȼż£ҲҲʲôӪ
˵XXѾʺǳˣҶǮȵʱֱһ˾򣬴ҶǨȥ
Ҷؾⲻ
ľⱲ˶رףģҾͰ뵽ǰˡ
ðⱲӿӮˡ
XXķӸַǳ⣬зӶԲģпյǹҶҼһ㰤Ұ㣬ϵǳܡ
㣬ҶȻСҲֵһһһСԢԶǴˣǸһĹ¶ǴˣԴơ
ⶰ¥ǸĹ¶ԼһЩչ˺ӵĳˡ
֮һȺһȺӵ״̬
Ա㣬Ҷؾ͸ȸһȥˡ
Ŷһѩ󾧣ҪҸɶΡƿʵ
ҶһһԵĺ춹춹㲻Ҫ𣿡
ѩһֵͼϵıȻܴûߣʤƯ»ʡǰҶڵϿһСͯǾʹѩĶΣƯˡʱ̾䣬Ƹסˡ
֪ʱϲŮӲֹһǺ춹㣬ûȴǿ̸ġ
ʮĺӣִˣŵȴϡѰ
Ҳá춹ЦÿԼĳ¶Ϻ޵ë׹ˡ
ǺѩҶؾȵ
ѩҲǵͼϵĲλ˵Ȼг壬ǵȴһ֣˵ëˣǳβĳҲûС
ȻֻģѩټôȴҲࡣ
춹ͷϲɫѩ󾧾øɡ
ԣҶؾͲˣͷллˣƸ硣
ЦЦǺãȥƽ蹤ߡ
ƽóߺսףǱкܶϡŹֵĹߡ
Щ¶СʱûٵƽǶæҶΪ츳ڣƽ̶νڣҲ֪ΪʲôûҪͽ¡
һڽţǡʱһǿӸ߿Ϯ
˿ڣĬسˣճһյءȻ̼䣬һһֻ޴ĳͽ˵ϡ
ȳѣлعƵͺһһʹ˳ȥ
ҶغȸС˶һۣӿڴڳһڡ
ҶصǺɫģ㾢Ҳֻ΢ɲ
ȸǺɫģһ쳹ա
ǰֻͼ㲻ϴݳֻǰצͬ⵶һ㣬ͷ״źƣֻżһǡ
Ȼٶȴǳ죬գƼ˲ӽסˡ
˵İסȫȻסǳĸסֻţ̶ĻΧ
Ϊֻͼ岢ֻֻţʮֻš
һ첱ӴֵʵĽҶؼòС
ôȸ̲ס
䣬߿дһӥ
һ̣һӰ޴ӥޱȵ๴˵ͼԲ
ʱɫԽ緢˿
Ҷ˿ӥңҺÿ죬ҪȻƸǾͿסˡ
ԣǶһۣЦҡҡͷ
ʱ򣬴Ҳˣͼʬ壬⣬ֻڵˣǾͻȥɣʬ
-

712 

壬æԣСĺûڣƵȼ겻Сĺȴ׷׿ڡ
ûоܾĿ䵽ҶصһںϵǽȥһôҸűǵġ
ҽһչ䵽Ҷؼͷǵز˲ա
ЩأҶȴһҲ˴ҡ
ĿҶ뿪ȿǵӰˣ̾˿ʬˡ
ǣҲû֮ǰ԰æһԲȥ
ãЩЦ壬Ҫװȥˣװʲôʱ򰡡
춹ͷ򴽵Һýֻһֻͼ塣
ģĳ壬ǵͼ塣˶٣ΣǶҪס
һҪסó
ĿƵҪ̵Ŷꡣ
׵ġƴףһǾԲŶߡ
Ҳɫͷ
׾ͺáοصŶǵܳƿԼ֮ǰԲĴڡ
δ£Ҷ˵Ҳ
һǾҪúս׼
Ƶ˷׷׵ͷ
ˡ忪ڵȸǺôûоѳ
ԣ춹ҲЩֵ԰˵ŶߵôǾѵô
ǸȴǻƶžֵһȸѾѳˡ
˵ʲôһĿôûк˵
²˵ǡƶЩŹֵ²֪Լ˳
ôܣ춹һš
ġƶĳǱܡ
ܣһ
ƶͷҵĳ硣ϸҸһͼǻǵ𣿡
˵ͷβǵãͼ壬ƶȻԼŪüΪǱ
ƶҵʱʵҪ罫ȸˣȻٿٽͼģǡҷҵȸЧ
ȷü
ȷƶӵʵϣʱÿ춼ĶȸʹóϵؼӴȣǡ
˵Ҳµˡ
Ŷ¾ȲҪȸˣԺŶúˣܻ벻Ч
˵ƵȻû
ȵס¾ͽʬֽ⴦ɾˡ
һԹŵĻպãҰ۵ţŶ⣬һڡ
˵ͷֲźϧûоĻʵá
˵ѵõľˣͨˮ߲ˣXXҲѾĻˡ
üҪû취ҸСһǵţĵعȥˡ
˶٣ٲãҲֻܵһϾˡ
ǵڳĽ׶ΣΣί
ǻؼҵʱĽŲҶؾʹ̽ͷƸ磬ǻ
ŮõЦüеһӱɢˡ
ǵȻףȴС̫һҫţǡ
ô˯춹Դʵ
ҵǱҶͷ˭ôôϸǶѾôˡ
СıԹ춹Цˣˣûǣ˯ɡһȥȶ
ãҶ۾صͷ
Ϊ˺죬ҶһҺ춹ˡ
춹ţҶ˼ûӦ㲻ؾԽȥˡ
ûˣպõӿţҶؾɳϿˡ
ϲ翴յһ춹ĶһЩ
Ҫת̨еŮ˵һδ¡
̨±ʱʮĵ㷢µδλδѾδȥİ£ǵ֮һܹѹȥӰ

Ҷû֪νˡ
νʵǳǿߡֻһĳǿߺͨĳ߲һ
ΪǵĳǻᴫȾ˵ġ
پ͵ϱ˹УҪôҪôǱȾɵĳߡ
֮ڲȴΪߵ
ΪXXûҶҲֻαװͨˡ
Ϊ׵ľûɹԼⱲӿ
Ȼܿ죬ʵʹͷ
XXûһߣȻսǿɱ忿Ĵ
ˣҲԼͷ
-

713 ƽ֮

춹ʱһ沿ܿƵЩף˳ǵŶôô͹ˣ
Ҷûж룬XXΪ̬⵽ƻĹϵ񾭲һǸʱ죬ĺȴȵɳĮһ
ˣ춹ɫףֻ洵˷Ĺϵ
˵ȥȶ㲻˰ɣ˵Ҷؿ
춹ʱЦˣô᣿û뵽ô硣
ҶߣһԵʳˮǸϹأֻܳš
Ҷع˹죬ҵѾ˴ˡ
ȻȻ࣬ҶΪ۹⣬ȴǷֻЩͬġ
˵ܹԸоԼⱲΪҪԶʤΪʱ
ԽԲ츳Ĳ࣬ҲǺµġ
ҶغȷԼϵһֽͻơ
һ׸ߣһȭܰЩȫǵԽԡ
ҲС춹һҲҪ˾Ͳˡ
Ҷ̾ôİˣҲܸԼκá
ȻðɣֻһСûκͨӡ
춹΢ɲؿһۣĵʵոյţŶô
ҶһղŵݣڵǸδǿɱ
Ȼ֪Լνйһ˽ģϾҲ֪͸һͬȨ׼
ţΪĸȼӵ͵߷ֱǺ֮֮֮ͭͻƽ֮
ĸȼ֮𣬺ݱǴȾΪߵǿԼбġ
δ˼δ
δ꣬ȴе֣ȶ֮ǰ
ΪȶδûеȼģǵĵȼҪȵ֮б
ȻΪδȶԴΪڣὫδ߽רŵĸ
˵һָܶ಻֪ϰջж£Ȼʵϡ
뵽ոյǸδҶҡҡͷǺӲ꣬ʲô˵ļ绷βĸչβȫֳ˶ٿ࣬ĸĸܹôģ˵˵ȥһţ˵ʲôʲô
ȵǺӳˣԸĸû˼䣬عͷŲǶж£ܺԼĸĸ׽
ƣĸմΪߵĻᶼûС
ΪҶ֪ͨȻܹĴȾ³Ϊߡǣ²õġ
ֻߣǲһֱֳ
뿪һ껹ãȥƱҪʧȥ
ˣǸδĸĸѾȾΪ˳ߣҲֻʱġ
춹ˣŬѹеľϲʵͲĽ𣿱ӹȥĲ˵ԴϿ϶ᱻ
ʲôĽģҶһΪõȻûУȻԼӮá
ȻɺҲɹģҿɲ뱻ϴԣ뱻˷Žģ󡣡
شˣҶزЩֵ춹ôֲδ˵û塣
ϣԼǸأͲòҴˣԼСɡ
ǱģʵǡҶѺõĶȴһ͵͵Զʳ¡Ҳ
ǻϻ𡣡춹ڵ
Ȼȴ̲סЩơ
ʱ̲סԹ壬˵Ŷô°˵δȶһй¶ģû˵
Ҳüͷ
缸꣬Ŷûй¶޲˿ΪŶƱбֵĿܡ
ȻŶҲСˡûǴĻʷϣһλʮʱͳġ
ŶѾʮһˡ
ǵõĳ쳣ǿҪΪŶĵȼ̫ˡ
춹Сʵ壬͸¶һ£XXѾжٳˣ
忴һۣȴǳϲû
һȸǣѾ֤ʵûгǳЧ
춹۾˼ǣXXǳˣ
ͷ
ƽǣҪ֪ƽΪ׵Щ˶Ѿʮˡ
Ǽƽˡ
ͷ
춹˿ڿˮЩӤ
ٴҧͷ
Ҫ֪Ϊ˲ЩӤ¶Ŷ֣Ƿϴ󹦷ˡ
춹ĿɿڴãͻȻСʵ塭Ŷòǻƽ֮ɣ
-

714 

嵱ʱûлش𣬵ǵȺ춹뿪ȴ̲סֹ̾ǻƽ֮
ⱲӶûXX㲻϶мʶٷǲṫйϸݡ
ǣǵúżʮǰһλƽ֮Ϊһŵ˶Ⱦ˳ߣٷȾһ
֪ľţҲ֮
XXǲס˿Ҳһڵ֮䡣
ûдﵽŶļޡ
ˣŶıжô쳣Ƕûм
ΪǺŶǲͬģϵĵ쳣ҲѰ
Ҫ˵һ㶼ƭ˵ġ
Щδ⣬ȴ䱸רҵʦ̵ʹԼ
Ŷ
ЩûصϣȻⷽ˵ϷأǸûŪصϡ
һЩ߽߱ǽǣȴʳ֮ζ֮ϧļߡ
ҲŶûбĻ
ʵϣڼǰѾˣʵڲУǾ취һʦ
׼ˣȴٳٲŶʧء
ԴˣǶ˵Ǹ˶һ㻹ʧһ㡣
Ҷصͷãһ룬ǶװˣԻҪٺһ롣
⸱岻Цˣ𼱣ⲻ٣ÿ룬ϰ㹻ġ
Ҷص۾ʱˣͰ͵Ƕۿ˵˰
Ҳ֪ôģʵȴʵòˡ
ȴǲ֪ҹ˵űͣȥ˴塣
˵ô£֮ǰӦŪֻģöŪңһ˴ζⶼǵڼˣԼ˵˵ⶼǵڼˣߵǸԼԶǾͲÿģ
ԣͻһ׷¶Ρ
һԵĻţˣ簡㵱ǲŪ𣿵ǡ֪ߵʿжġ治ǺŪ㣬н鶼Ӧͷˣµͷֱˡ
̾˵ʲô취
Բɱ²Ҳ֪פɹΪء
ʵϣXXܴڣҪ˵ǲܵġ
ǲ˵ˣڳԺȴһֱû
ֻǰǿһɺݾǿ壬ڡںڳԺڱˣǳֻܲҴȴҲͷۡ
Ҷȴǲ֪˵ķյģڶһ磬ҪȥǱߺ˵ҹһҺȽXX
Ҷ۾
ⶫȻȻⱲȴֻڵп
XX̫ˣǳ˼Ʒɴǻ缸Ķûп̫ʹýͨߡ
ȸ˵ͷһ˷ܵ˵滹мǴ·һرر𡭡ر߹󡣡
˶٣ʣ˵ܲǸһЩ߲ˮ
Ȼ˵XXҲȻʵϣȴͬԼġ
ϴģԵģһܻ
ΪĴѹƣһֱû취չ˻йвǹˡ
Ҷüȥ
ȵ˵طŷȸ˵ĺʵЩġ
ȷʵˣǴáǸ߹ɣȻǴǾװ
ǾˣȸҲˡ
XX˹ȻԾ˵ûЩսڵһߵսʿ׻Ǳһصġ
˻Եսѣü˿ܵȺڵ߾ŵսʿǵϱ˹ĸ
ΧЩ˵òȫϵϱ˹˵òԼȽ˵ռ
Ȼ̫ŹˣżȲǹҵǣҲǾסǣҪ˵Ǿˡ
ΧȺ󣬻Ⱥе˿ڵXX
кԸشԼ⣬˿漴ü
XX
˵еXX
Ҫ֪ھѧԺѧʱ򣬵ʦᵽҲһӣʦȴس֮ΪǷ
ʵϣǵʦĺܶˣϲƺXX
һλѧڶԷУXXӼ߰ߣ˶͵һϲˣСֶΣ̰䴬ҲŹ
Ѿȥȴ򶨣ѯʵҵսˣҪơ
һĬ֮֮ǰǸشкڵǸҹɡ
תͷ˵ɢ˰ɣҪˡ
-

715 

ں棬Ҷزû뿪ȸһȥˡ
õһۣȴûпڸ
XXֻһҲֻдţͻʿ
ûȻе㡭һȵС
ںţλXXҲǸģ˶Ŷһ㣬˶һ
Ҷ϶ԼⱲӹǵõ׺һˣôԵôã
ǵʱ򣬴塢ͻţѾǶ
һȺӣپҲޣȻˣȴʶ˽䱸̬
űšţ˰ֵİɣǿƤķϣҲġ
ĥĻԥµ׻ǽսѵݸһֵĴ
ɭ̩̲סʵΪʲôǵǳ£Ƿ𣿡
ԣڳˡ˴һж׷¶
ˡһŲֻͨ壬ת־ͻǸԴļ벻ʣҲǵš
ɭ̩һ£㲻˵ĻǼٵġ
ǿöԷ˵Ŀġ
ȵţƣһϵѪһߴɹࡢҶ඼˷룬֮ڲܵȾĻܹΣա
ȵȣɭ̩һŵûɣո˵ǡȾ
ҲǳɵôܸȾ
ţ˸۵ôܣѲɻָǸṩ޾գ
ôܣ
ʲôأ
ûǴĻʮǰ̨޾գôû޾գ
˵ǸţƲƲǸȻˡ
ȻҲ۲̨޾գ˵ȴûпϧ
һţһԵıˣǷŰ۵Ĵү޾ҪҪԼ
ǶˣӪȴƫҪʲô޾աҪﲥ¿޾վˣȴ̭ĲƷӪXX˳һġ
˵£ŻòС
ʵϣXX֮ôûɵġƵĶ£ٴΡ
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ǶXXӡ󣬹Ҳ
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Ȼ˵ˣҶȻ⵱򵼵ġ
ȸˣȴ̲סССľˣȻŶǵ򵼣𣿡
ţҲһ⣬˭ȥ춹ǲΪʲôҪŶۣ
ĬúһЩ˵ĵ⡣
ʲô˼ͻţһ͵վ
忴һ۵ǲ̫𣿡
ҾЩ˿ûʲôԵӡ
ǻţڵǻĲ֪飬ȴǵĵΪŵġ
ҲӦˣĻŶȸȥʺϵˡ
-

716 ʨӴ󿪿

򵼵ǿģȷսܵõƵơٲõ֮㶯̽XXͷ
ϾͰϣ̽XXһֱţ겻ͣȴʼûɡ
ˣѵĺûᣬȴǲԸġ
Ȼսѵ˿ڻȾϣǻﲻæ
֮򵼣͸²Ҳȷʵǲ⡣
ȻˣҲû뵽߻ǵ򵼡
ǡػǿǣ
ȻЩתһ룬ﷴ
֪Ĳȴ˶࣬ǣЩѵͻὫ֪Ķǣ
ȻᣬǻǺӸ̽
ǻ֪ʲôܣǣǴӴǶһ԰˿XXࡣ
̩ɭ뷨һģǱֵܣദг˴ĺ˹ȴһΨǶհû
ҶҲãȸҲã˶ĺӡ
˸Ͳ˵Ĵ͸һЦݡ
ҶҽܵҽŶȸҪι
ǵ֣˶һ
ֱڿ̩ɭǸĸô֣
ûиĸȸҺŶǹ¶
̩ɭһԭ
ҶһӾͿ뷨ڵǵûйϵXXĴֶķ񡣡
ķ񣿡̩ɭһ㶣ʲô񣿡
ҶһȻȱʲôʲôֵķ񡣡
ԣҪ˵̩ɭ˶̲סЩ鸴ӡ
ǶXXĸйٲã⻰ҲЩᡣ
ŶȸһҰˣһ࣬ȻXX˶ԣȴûеĶ
Ҷز֪ǵ뷨ȴ϶Ҫġ
Ⱳӵûʲôˮƽʵϣֱ˶ԻҪںһЩġ
ŶҲѹӢɣүү˵ġŶɵֲӾͽŶɣԸһڣκ׾
Ȼϲ֣ҶȴϲԢġ
˭᲻ϲء
ǸȲܲι۵£ȴȥ緹𣿡˹ӣЩε
Ҷؿһ۵ɣҴȥ
˻ûпڣȸͷԵУģôԸЩɵ˺ȣ
ȸ֪Ŷݣ൱ֻŶ꣬˴Сһ鳤Ŷ졣
ȸǸǸĺŶƯִԸҲϲöȻġ
ƽʱֺǺǵģһҪŶóʱͲˡ
һк龹м׺ݣ֮ȴ̲סЩ̾
XXǿźĺӣҲǲġ
ҶȴЦеû£ǺȣֻҪǩǷͳˡ
Ƿ
һ£Ҷؼһһֻ򻻡
ʨӴ󿪿ڣ̩ɭĶû˵׵Ľףթ˭أ
үСֻթ˵ķݣʲôʱֵթˣ
ôһ룬һ˼ؿŶ
ʱһҲСﳤúÿҲɰˡ
ǼթЦݣѾһֻСꡣ
XXˣǺӣҲûʡ͵ĵơ
ô˵أҶƲƲ죬û򻻵һǵ
ǵѵֵһֻ򣿡
˵ˡ
Ҷصıٿ䵭˿һ۵XX߲ˮĶ˵Ǽ۱ȻƽҲΪȻҲ֪XX֮ĵطЩƽġ
ˣĶϡƽĶ˭ռ˱ˣ
Ƕ˵ˡ
񡭡Ҳе
֪С˵Ȼͬô£
գû취Ӽƽϣ߻ʲôۣǵ׻ǴӦⳡƽȽס
һ˵ﶫ̵ʱ򣬶ҶصȥЩȵôֹˣ
Ҷһɵ壬Щ캽ȽļˣҴǹ
һ⻰ɫ̱֧ӪǱˣʲôҪǺ
ҶЦе壬ǴӦˣһͻһֻǻдǷȵǻص佢͹
˵꣬תͷǣЦӯӯ𣿡
ӣʱ˵ͷѵ˵ģ
-

717 ж

һ⻰Цݡ
ǾǹˣϽ͸׼
˵ŶͣԼ͸ԼˣԵгϢˡ
ȴǱַȷ黹ļܾˡ
ľ㶵£ûãԶһǳȺȣҪһ벻ͺ롣
Ͳܶһ㣬Լöֻء
뷨дϣεġ
Ｘ˶һͬʱ¶˾ԣֻһ룡
Ȼһȥ̱֮ǰľ뿪ڵϰ壬һ룡
ЦеصŰֽλ롣
ǵģôʵдǷŸ
úܣҪǰԼľ¸ˣһûа취ˡ
Ҳ֪ʮһҶضܺЩˣǵģθСĴĶ룬̩ɭ룬˹򶼺롣
ǣһϾ׬˶ʮֻ򣬿Ҳ˴롣
Ҷߵʱ򣬶廹⽻Ŷ粻ҪȥƻǳԵǱ߸յһ
Ҷص˵ͷãҴȸһȥ
ԣϱ䣬ȴԺ
ŶСԶʳʲôҪС
ǣԭһ˶ĺöҲܸմ⡣
XXŴ¶ҲѺöǡ
ʼǻرۣЩӾ˳ŶأǱûпˡ
˵ţ̩ɭʳ˽һֱеʡ
Ŷϰ𣿡
Ƕ˹ȻҲƵɻ
ôܣҶüXXĹ¶Ǵģύ˸
˶٣ֻҪXXˣŮֻҪģͶǵİְ衣
ҲȷʵXXԹ¶ķ룬ȫִУȴҲֻҶһϡ
Ȼ⻰ǶУȴ˵𺳡
XXŽǷǳģȥǲףȴЩΪʲôˡ
ԷСʱҶرſȥιXXѧУ
Եʮһ͵۹⿴XXĵѧУʵɣм¥ζڰҲࡣ
ȻڿУѧУȴˡ
ûкϵͳûеݣͨضѧϰԣȻѾ̭ͶӰǶûУԭʼĺڰ塭
֮һۿȥǲ㡣
Щԭʼòԭʼ򳡣Ǻ׼ˡ
ﶼûӾص𣿡˹һ˼
аǲѧУȸشÿ¥̨ӾأӾȥǶ
̨ϡ˹һ˼飬òҪǵӾظûоˮϵͳɣ
Ƕô˭򰡡ҶȻ
ѧУԷʱѾֻʮˡ
Գȥ˻ƻСꡣ
ʵϣXXеĵ궼岻ͬһּӹꡣ
Ϊʱ򣬴ҶӪΪˣ˻ˣһ˻úõʳģͻ͵Ӧĵȥ
Щ͹ȥʳģȨΪӹһֵġ
ҶЩ¶ԵģԴڴˡ
ǹȥʱ򣬻ƻæǣʱЦˣˣϽȥλߺܿͺá
˵꣬Ŀ䵽ϣɫһЩģ
һͲXXˣܵõĴǹˡ
ҶǰһȻԸһֻµһٽ׻һ뵰
תͷǣʵԲԣ
һΣû͹˵˳
Ȼ
ѵҡͷɡ
ǵͷƻһЦݣŶͣô׺µ
廹ֻ룬ƻȴֱӰѻ˵ˡ
ߣֱ޴²ۡ
XXж
ȻǳԵƻĵʱ޻˵ˡ
ǴûгԵôóԵĵ
ҶҲǸһԵģԵһ룬ҶسųԳһֻСȣ̩ɭɴ۾ķôмȣǶûУ
һߣҶȴǸģԽͲļȲ룬һȸ
ȸһ߽һһļлظҶأһߵǻƻϲŶŸӵĲ͡۲ʲôûŶƯɰ
̩ɭǸ
ӲԣȻXXҲаˣҪǣĳʳȴһһóԡ
˾ˣʣڷûأ
⵰ʲôۻģͶԼΪֱ׳ˡ
-

718 

󣬿ǵ׻ûסٶ뵰˹һ˳룬θ̩ɭ롣
İԲˣȴûӵʵҪ˸һԷװϴˡ
Ϊ⣬ƻ˸ۡ
ôһͣƻ׬ʮһֻµһǧһٽס
ŵʱ̩ɭҶҷۣҳôûԹôĵ

ҶȴǲԼ˵˵ԻƻգҪA꣬һ뵰Ҫһǧͨõ㣬û⣿
̩ɭҡͷȻһϰգͷ׻ҡȥˡ
˵ýĲǣ
Ҷغһһǧͨõ㣬İٽ׶˰ɣ
ôһ˵˵̩ɭǿǣҲúе
ҪιҶʵ
XXҪٳϮܲιһǵĲ𣿡
ӣ
ԣҶغȸһ㶣ȻÿɵƵĿ⿴ˡ
ǻûᣬȸ̾˿ǲ۾𲿶ӣ˵ǿ
ﵱȻ֪ĵȻ
ҪûвӣʲôӦϮʵ
ôӦȸһȻȻԼӦ彵䵽˾͸֮ɱ
˶٣ȻǻᴵԮ
̩ɭһš
ҶЩͷ˵ǰ̫ˡû£Ȼôôˡ˳ɳǻ
ȵȣͻȻʶһ£òᡭXX˶ܶɱͼɣ
ôܣҶغȸͬʱһۡ
ҶصһɱǾϣ˲ɾˣ˲ɾĸˣĸ˲ɾˡ˶
Щţô򵥣
ҶһȻأ
Ҫмô죿˹ʵ
XXȻмļʺܵͣҲûС
ȸ֪ôشӡУXXûм塣
Ҷȴȥѡ
˹Ƕˡ
ȸȴʵŶô֪
ԲҶذһ۵ʱмϮһΣ˺üǧˣɣүүȾǸʱϵġ
һΣΪ̫ԱΪǵͷҪӦǷǨҪȻ
ɫƽԱֻһȰǷǡҲӦҲ˵ǵǫ̃޾գȻ̨޾յİ汾̫ͣѰãԱȴЧ΢
Сһָɤ˵Ųпݣ˵ȸϰߣǿǣҲʴӵĸо
ЩΡ
XX治ʲôö
ͬڿǵĳĬҶغȸȴǺܿ͵
ĪеĲӣ㻹ιʲôҶؿʵ
һãſڵҡܹιһXX¥𣿡
¥ҶغȸüǱ飬ʡʲô
̩ɭ˳ǵǸòҪ˵XX¥û𣿡
Ҷغȸҡͷ
ôܣķXXľ˭ģ˭Ӧפɹٵģ
ôܣҶһټ֣ʲô鲻ܴΪʲôҪһãһפɹ١
ƲƲʲôǶûм
ǰɣ˹ɴ۾Ǹòǰפɹٸ˰ɣ
ʲôأҶط˸۵ǲûôҰءפɹԼ̰±һʼͲҵ½XX
ˡ
˼ǡ̩ɭ˿ڿˮפɹһֱסط
԰ȸ
ǡһ˼飬ǡǲǡʲǶפɹٵǡ
Ϊ̫Ծ˵ǽ
ҪǱͬڵľʿҪԾһ
㲻뵽𣿡ҶƲƲ˽˰
ȸֹΪ͹ԭ߹ҪڣĶ˽ֻ̣ܺн򽻵ȴЩнסˣ׬ǵǮ
˵һߡ
Ƕˡ
ã̩ɭʵǡǾûٱפɹ٣
ԣҶ¶Цֲǵһθ棬һˣ˻ܴδ棿
-

719 һͬ

͸͵ĸӵ״һоݣ˼ҶֻҪߵһºڰף˵֤ģ˵Ŷӻˣ
ԣפɹپǶӣXXˡҶޱ飬ȴøһ
˾þ
һ̣ͻȻһ
ǶXX֪Ǵżƫĵġ
ͬһ£ٷģXX˿˵ģķǳ
ȸǵҪιʲô˵׵𣿡
ǡ
գǴĽʾ֭֮شûвӣѵİɣ
ҪԣҶغȸһ㶡
ĻԼлʲôˣ̵ͷԣ𣿡
Ҷԥһ£ͷ԰
ȸŵ˵ˣŵǿǲġ
ҶҲͷ˵ǲѪɣ
ȻеѪġ˵ţ̩ɭѵĺȴǴﵽߡ
УǾʹȥɡΪҪѣȴȸ˵ͷȥɡ
ѵΪªΧʮ׵ΧǽȻ߽ȥ
Ϊǻῴѵõĺ豸Ȼʵϡ
ͼһܹ׵ѵģһһ̨ϣһ׳Ľųһ˱Բľ˦
֮ԵģһȺС꣬߰ĺӣųһţӭԲľײϡ
Щûκηʹűʹ죬кɫѪǵ·͸

ߺһһźӾ£һźӽϡ
ˣ
Ҳ̫˹ĿɿڴڸʲôŰӰɣ
Ҳһ𾪡
Ƿ׷תͷȥҶغȸȴǵıƽĺܡ
ۼؿһŮ죬ͫѾЩɢۼҪιȥӣ̲סŰڷģ
ǰ˵ģ̩ɭҲ
ᡣȸָָվ̨ϵĽǵﶼзִ硣ߣ㿴ЩƺŵĶӣʵǣÿһӵ˿൱ˣֻҪƿغȣǾԲˣȥһϣڶͺˡϰˣ۾Ͳʲôˡ
̩ɭһŵѵѵռģǡҲܹѵ
ǲǷϻ𣿡ȸҸŶѾѵҵˣѾѵӪˡѵӪҪ࣬ʮֻҪȥΣѧЩһ¸񶷼ɾͳˣƽʱѲΪ
ҶҲһƽ˵ʵXXѵȻ࣬磬ȴҪһЩģ˵Ⱳӵʱǿˡ
ȴǲ֪ΪҪҪѵ߷ˮ£һȺ˵˶ͷӲͷƤһͬʡġ
ѲüǸ˼𣿡
ȸǸʵӣԻشѲĶʮʮ׶εĺӡһ˵ͼ壬Ҫ룬Ȼڴ˸Ԯ֮ǰ뾡취Эס
˵ϡƽȴôһ¡
أûʮϵˣ̩ɭһš
аб񡣡ȸ
ѲΣյ񽻸ӣԼΪȴȥɵ飿¶ߡ
ˣ˵ǸΣաҶص
ʲôԵͼΣգ˹š
ȻˡҶصûгΪǳԵĴõĶģ
˹ʶ˵Ȼһ֮ǰҶصĻĬȻˡ
ǰʶפɹٸ˽ˣǸн򽻵ҲҪͨõ㣬ȻЩͨõ㡭
ɻأҶصǼУȳΣյģȻЩ׶񼫵ǵˡ
΢΢ЦŲ֪ɣǼԽžXXɵġ
ԽȻھ˿ϲ̨棬ôӪǵͷͽģʲô˵¡
ڼλͽʱ򶼱ҪǵŵĲƲȴִܲУҲǿ鲻
ԣˡ
ѵ뿪Ӷǿհ׵ġ
ϣҶִȥǶ׷ۣ˳թ˶ʣͲ׸ˡ
һ죬ǸҶغȸXX˴롣
ȻǷ֣Ĺʵǳ򵥡ͬĸӣXXˣʵһ仰ݡ
ˡ
Խ࣬ǾԽĬ
ֱһϣҶغȸֵʱֻͼ塪
-

720 Ȼ

ºʱĳǲһض
ȻβͣΪǳսʿƽʱս׺ͺ
ˣڻ׻룬ֹϵ£ƽʱĵͼ壬ǵĵһӦǳ룬ȻҶغȸȴǺԥȥ
ȥ;У˸óӴ죬Ȼͬʱ˸Դгһָһֻ塣
ҶسȻûͼ壬һֻͼȴͷһΡ
һеʼתһ̣һǶȣɳڳĲתȻһᡣ
ˣ
Ҷһ
һ̣Լ˷ǲųеݷ֮ǣסġ
ȻÿγҪת׷ҶؾǣסֻܺˣһˣҶҲˣСΧھյؿס
ڼ䣬Ҷ̧ͷһȸ
ȸҪã˶ϣȸҪϺֱܶ࣬һһ½ȶ
Եģ
ǳȻг򣬵ȴֻܵͿշС
ȸԽһԷݵֱ˳ϣĳˡ
£ǳȴǳײˡл¶ҺֻҪ̫Ͳ⡣
Ŷ㣡ȸһֱӱɱ˹
ȸæҶغܿͽһߵʯϣ˨һ˩סˡ
ֻȲǽ֫ģ˲ðȸͰҶָ˩һ
ܻĿǶˡ
̩ɭ̲סʵôŪ
Ūȸ˲ûֻرСֻǿҪмġûŪĻ֮ǰӦøմһܡˣôǣƵס
˵ţȸǰ֮ǰԼԸֻ弴Ⱥͳٴΰˡ
ȺǳأͼҲָõȺ塣м壬ǾͿʼɽС
ˣǰֻȴûܽɹĳ壬ȴöԸġ
Ȼǵͼ壬ͷӲҲǷǳߵģƫƫҪɱǵðԴ˲С
ܹǣסֻ壬ɱȴûгֵĹߡ
ǺܿҲˣȻ֮ȴˡ
ʵǸӵġ
ûôģXXھǵһӦ϶ӡ
Ҷز֪ǵ뷨ֻǿʵмذ𣿡
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ǰæ뷨Ҷ˵ȸѾǰˡ
æֻҪѼذ׽һ¾ˡ
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֪أӦ׵ѲɻҸսƷ
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̩ɭȻ
һԵĿȴؿһۡ
һ̣ǵĿ֮ǰѾȻͬˡ
XXĺӣͲԳ֮
Ŀ΢в뵽ܽձ࣬˵ģЩͶ벿ӣܹ𵽵á
ֻѲĺӶͣԽŵЩˣָǿʵ
˵ڶ죬뷨͸ᶨˡ
Ϊ˻عԽš
֮ǰXXҲΪԽõ豸ܲĻôȥַЩǵţ
ȻʵϣǼƾɵķɴʱһˡ
ǡǾƷɴǼкеģ̩ɭһš
ҶһȻȻء
һֻôƣ˵׼ѾùˣõĻ׺սһԽ
ôҴߣͿɴŴˡȻ½½˴ӷɴ˳һľ䣬ѵϣٷؼᶫˡ
ȻϵĴţȴط֣ԽŸûʲôװ
Ļ
ĿƵؿЩνýԱЩ˵ʵһǳǿ
Ǳ߱ȴһӲĿ⡣
ǻͷһףʱüԱߵĴǼô£ǾѾ𣿡
˵ЦһЩϵʧܲòԱֻҪ׶񼫻鷸ƵģXXҲաظ꣬ٻ־һúˡ
תͷǣҡҡͷǡ㽫ǵ˵һ
һЩԺ󲢲Լˣǵһ
ע㣬̽ʲôû£¹ءȴһϰء
-

721 ȸ

ģӦ
ȻȴûˣתͷҶкŶ˺ö
壬ҴʲôˣҶ۾һ˹ȥ
ǴһСӵݸ㿴ϲϲ
ҶشһۣǷۣ
֪һʼΪǽ˵ʲôۣǽǶã͸ˡ
˶٣ǶģɲָܷȸǳСӣ
һȸ˲ҲԣŶӲҲԣ
Ƿ˸ۣСӵһ㣿СԵĶ֪øŶǸľԷۿ϶ûеֿ
ôĵǻ֪Ǹʲôء
ֹǷۣỹһף㹻XX³ԵӪһЩˮ߲ˡ
֮⣬ǻԼĹתһͨõ壬εջŴнﻻ㶫
Ȼʹޱפɹסн飬ȴǲòԷ򽻵
ۼԼ˲ܻӭǾ뿪ȥսˡ
˹ûиȾڶѹˣΪ˵̫أʱ˯
ǹȥʱ򣬿˹պţ̩ɭ˵ԽŻ¡
⼸ѵʱ򣬿ǶὫԼ
Ϊĺѣ˹һӾͲµ뷨ҪXXձࣿ
ΣʵսķǳˡСüпֶζʽ˵ǣ¶ûа취ĺȡ
ձӣûΪߣǼֻͨѧս׺ͻףóֵҲܹпΪ
ǿ²̫סü˹ҲǲͬĻֻǡ
ΪʲôôXXΪ
ﲻ˵ˣ˹˵
Ͼ˹һϸҲǸ뷨
˹һ֮ǰ˵ĵĻôɣһֱXXXXĹϵ
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ֹ˹ȻXXĹϵǱˣǡˮҲǼٵġXXĵӣҲǼٵġ
ԣﲻɳĬˡ
ǣҪ˶
Ļ˵Ҳµˡ
Ҳ̫˲ˡ
ã˹ɵҪԿȥ³ٽ
ˣ¶𾪵˼Ҽǵ˭𣿡
ҾãԷʺµˡ˹ǴݻʵϿȥ£ɹʶҪǸߡ
ҵȻ֪ǸˡЩ۵ԷܾС£һСĵˣǸĸϸ¿ǲ㱻Ʒ衣
˹ȴܴԣԼ֮ǰ³ٽĽӴҾбһΣ
һΣȴǳĬˡ
ʵĻɹˣʲôôأ
ԭһʵʵˣûкô֪Լʲôðյ塣
Ҫô˹ĿƵؿ:룬ȥ£Ļ
һ¶ȻˡԼʲôǶԾʧ̫ˡ
ߣXXǶȥ˵׼һĻΪ
ʱ;ʧֻ
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׻ǰѿ˹һˣû취λ³ٽȻӰ
˹µ˼ȴǲûоֻܾЦã˺Ҿ͸һȥ
Ҳһ𡣡ϵǣһһֱĬ̩ɭڵ
ĺ˹һۣͬһȥ
õսǵ֧֣ʱɫһɣһҪ顣
ˣȻԽŻˣǲҲܹǵķɴ뿪ˣ
Ŀ˹˹ƿɴ𣿡
ҲӦ˹ſ˹ûXXķɴ̫ˣǷɵòرƽȡ
˹ҡҡͷģҵѪȻϡôǸᣬҵĻָǲġԵĲ˵ܱסġ
˵ȻЩԥ׻ǵͷӦˡ
XXȻΣ֪ΪʲôȴһĪĽȸС
һֱֱûɣһ⣬ȴǳ׼ȷ
ҿ϶ԼϽؽظˣԼǻѳӶˡ
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722 ֹ

һС޷ۣҶؾĥ֭⡣
պСǶʮ⡣
ȥǳԣÿγȥԽ𶼲ɣʲôóԵԼ᲻óԣҪǣڼҵʱԳԵúһ㡣
֪Ĵ㣬ոձҶָմ˵۳˸ʵȸͷԶԶԣϻػȣ˵Ϊװ֧̫ˣûãԭʼȹ˻Ĵȹǡ
Ҷȴǲ֪ģɴ۾ôû˵
ǸȸӵʵҲ͵ģ˵
˶٣СҲû취̫ȱǮˣõ˹໹֣İҲܽ;ͽͣƻĵҲģ
Ҷ̾˿ӿڵǰӽ֫Ҳ̭ˣÿ¶Ҫά޻
ʵϣXXĳ˲ȫ뵽Խеġ
XXһҷɴһԱʱ֮裬ʣҾԽŵšֱǲһţĶźͻü̴š
ǻü̴ţΪҷɴܴ˳ȥˣһγܹϵҲˡ
XX˿һڰǧңʮµĺȴֻռһС֡
ȻˣҲXXĳ˾ͶǸеˡ
ʵϣƲҶЩʮĺӣԼǷѲʺԽݹ˼һԽŵĳԱ
ҪˣԲϰ
ʵϲģţӲܻû취ԱһŻȥһˣʱ䡭඼ˡ
ϾXXҽ豸ˣܲȡҲһЩΪƷҪѵʱȻ̡
ο豸ǵֲܴʹó£ÿһγжǳΣգȻҪиϢʱ䡣
֮⣬紸Ϊмò˳ˡ
ȻҪ˵ȫֲѲҲڣֻǣȴԾɽݹҶСĺӣΪҲʮ֮ǰõ㹻
ϾѲΣգҲԽΣա
XXĵͼ嵽ײֲ࣬ǵһϻףڡ
ΪӣˣҲûϢþٴǰߡ
ˣҶҲãȸҲãϣܹúòһ
֭⣬XXѾǶõĶˡ
˽С۵ʱ򣬴Ҳ˵¡
ĶסҪǲҲǿϽҸ̳ˡǵһ˴ˮ׾ƣʵ
áҡͷҸһ㻻࣬ǶҪʺȥԽһľǸȹǣӦȻ֧ܣҲá⣬һ̾ͺˣܹ鲻
廹ҪȰ˵Ҳ˲㿴ЩӣʵǿĵûУҲûУǡ
ҡҡͷ̫ˣǵ֮˵ɵԽеѡĸǵ֣ҪβǵȺ֮Ǳߣ̫ǿӲ˵Ҳ̫Ҫ뾡һа취ƹǻʡôƣ˵ʵ»ûһҷĵˡ
ԭҰҲУüΪ㵱ˣҲ𣿡
ˡ̾˿Ǻʵû˵ҲҵĻҲ㹻ÿÿϹϵˣ۾۾ӲǱӣ˵ٱ鶼ûá
һ漴εҲûа취£ĸү̣ܹԽ޾ܻġ֣Ǹʹģܲޣ
£û취ǿ󡣡
ֺγ֪һ㣿
̾˿˵Ե¡
ˣĳͳΣŶʲôԵ
˵͸ͷˡ
֪
ǵ۾ڸҿЦɣʲôв֪æ˴꣬͸˵֪
治֪˭ĳʲôĶأ廨ţЩ붼벻
˶٣ʵҲײ𣿡
һǰûͳƣ¡Ҫ˵һûµƭ˵ġ
ϾһȺ˵ĳ㹻ֶˡ
ķƵھģ֮ʲôС
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һءεлü˵һʱһ£Ǳ߿֪ô¡
϶ԣȴûôֹۡ
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723 

ʵϣһֱйص顣
ƽնԣǿɼĴڣȻǼеһЩҵضΣⷴǹ߳ᱻ۵顣
ȻټмǵŵųȻֻǺ֮֮ͭһ
Ҳˣٻܴһ߽߱ǽǵϢġ
֪ȾѵĳͬһԵģϸһЩ룬һġ
˵Ǹ˵ǿĻƽ֮Ⱦĳ߶ǻϵ
ȻŶ
ҡҡͷȻΪۺͿ͹۵ԭǳ˽͵͵ϰ棬ǲʹóġ
˵һںѵ
ԼǷԳߣǽԳߣƻľԳߣͳߣСˮԳߡ
ظġ
ںŶһ𳤴ȺӣǾ͸˵ˣһһ벻
ոյ֪ģñ˵ĳЧȸ
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ˣʲôʱߣߵĻǼ˸߰ɡ忪ڵ
һüǻǮ
ԥ£ҡͷˣԼĹϵǾˣһߣĹϵɲֽߡ
̾˿ǿǰսɱķϣҲȥǮ顣
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巴οҲ٣ٶһʱġȵŶкξ壿
ڵĳߣûôࡣв˵ʺսǣֻȡһ룬Ҳ˲СĴڡ
ʱ򣬹ȥԩǾԩͷծرʹ죡
˵緢Ҳ̲ס
ǰŶѾʮһˡ
ûŶѾʮһˣǱߡĴϻۺXXģҲᱻȥԥ£ǿڵ
У˵꣬ҲͽԵһһ
ǸʲôϡҲǲ֪ǵ˽¶Ŷβ˭֪ǻ᲻ֱӶ÷＼ϴȥļ䣬ֱӽĨɱ
㲻ˣֻҪһ뵽ŶʲôӣҾ̲ˡ
ŶѾй¶ˣһûй¶ʲô⣬һԱûС
˵ʵѾˣ˵ŵͷ̫뻯ˣҲˡ
ЩԳô궼ˣٵʮʮ꣬ʲô
״˿
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ʵҲԥãžŶŮ
Ȼ֪ԼĿܲʵ֣ǼȻѾˣҲûкڡ
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ҶһޱǲŪһ飿һˣƾʲôҪҽXXĻй¶֪
ãԷԼӦòΪһЩ֪顣
üӦ֪İɣXXһֱڱ¡
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˿Ҷ̫С¸û֪ԼĶˡ
٣ԼҪ֪飬ŶСŮܹ𰸡
ҰɡXXǲǵϲĳ壬Բű񣿡
XXʷȴһֱûʧ
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Ҷ¶һ˿
Уһ֣صصңֻиңXXпؼ
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֪ΪʲôֻһСŮĿ⣬ȴԼĿΡ
ҪƿĿ⣬Ȼ뵽ԼĿģǿ򶨣ֱֱӭŶԷĿ⡣
ʵҲûʲôãҶؿڵʵʲôܡ
֮ԻΪܣҲΪȥЩ꣬ûҪ˵ѡ
ԭɿڣĻͲϵЦݡ
˵
Ҷ۾ʵ˵ɭ𣿡
ΪԷͷȴü˺ðβŵеӡƺȥйⶦʢʱ򣬵ֻһСˡ
û𣿡Ҷһ̲ס̾ûҲҲXX
Ҫڣ׻ǽĻȥ
ãŶڿ¶Ҫ˰οĻ
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724 õ

֪XXX𣿡Ҷʡ
ţ
뵽һܣɵɴ۾˵ǳ֮սǡǲ𣿡
˵ġҶЦΪǵŴӶᵽĴʯXX嶢ϣймнֻXľҴ߶ѾǽңӦΪ֮ҡ
ѵ𣿡ʵ
ȻǡҶXĸ֮սȷʵԴڴʯĳ塣ȻǴʯȴǵŴġ
ЩʯXģһɭҵСӣһͼɭү
ͼɭ¶𾪣˵ͼɭ֪Ǹͼɭ𣿡
ҶĿɭǸԱΪ׿Խιױʷᣬȥʱϯ´ǵͼɭɭ
ﵹһɭ岻ʲôȻͼɭû۵㡣
Ϊ˼룬ΪXXõƽɭѹȥ¡
ǣҪٹͼɭѶȡ
XXֻҪõƽĴãҪΪȥһ
ĻȥĻͲҪˡΪѣҶص
ҪæڵҲұ֤⣬ǣܹŬŬǵҪ󣡡
ǵҪ󣿡Ҷϳζ
ԣ˵ͷЩСʵôܸͼɭʱΪʲôὫʯXXȥ
˵ܲšҶǹһĨЦݵʱXһŮֽбõ塣
˶٣֪֣ܲӦ֪һĻǸõ塷
õ塷սķУǷŮ°ѾԵȴ֪һˮóһ޴ķ֡Уǧģ̌ͯͷĿ⺬ᣬ޽֯
ΪŮպΰľֳֹŨҵΪΪһ
ѧӵαҲټ
ţƷѾĵ˰ǧȻȴʼղԸ
ͷ֪еıõ塭
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гսˣʬҲãҲãᱻɴ
㡭üõĸƺرӣ
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޽֯
βӣҶصΪͼɭΪ׷ŻᵽʱXҲΪչʾԼĲŻɵƵؽ˼һʯ֮Xѡ
һţ˵ͼɭΪӣһʯX
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ִ¡ʮʱ֪ܸ˺òá
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ܾͼɭ׷󣬲ܻӭҲߴ۶ֻ֪ԼҪʲôԣܹ׶ĻᣬصX
֮ôΪܹ׵λãΪX
ΪԿˡӡ
Ůǳϲ𣿡Ҷʵ
ͷ޷ϵġ
ȻǱõҲû뵽XΪԼԭٲ
ϣXԽԽãȻXȴΪ׸𡣡
Уǿõʵ޹ͬʱʣܵ˺ˡ
Ҷص֪ͼɭףõ߾ȫһȺȴҲûͼɭһۡ
ͼɭԼΪ֮ЩʵģһΣҲ޷⡣
ǣˣͼɭҲˣ
ǻȻܳСӣʵϲûʲôʵȨΪˣɭŭڱõͼɭȾĳȴȡ
ȻõǱֻǨŭЩҴߡ
䣬ʱЩҴ߻һҲʶ࣬ԸĬǵףҪ׷ͼɭΡ
ǣҴԲǨµXΪҪЮҪ࣬ͼɭʱ򣬰ɭʵ¡
ЩҴߡԸ
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725 չ

þû˵
˵Ǹ֪˵ʲô
Ҳ̫ˣþ޷
ȣйܶ²⣬XXǲĸ̴ˣǲǶĹƢ˸һעˡ
뵽Ŀܣȴû뵽ġ
Ҳ̫ʿˮ̫˼ˡ
㲻ţҶĿơ
ȴҡͷš
֮ţǳΣֱˡ
XX˶ĵ⣬ûԼļ򵥡
ͼɭûֹ𣿡̲סʵõȻܱȾƱмĵġ
ĳýܹȾģˣΪ޷õأֻΪһĴڡ
ֻб֪ǡԼˡˣŻᱻȾɳߡ
³ٽλΪֹΨһһλҲ޷жȼԭ򲻹Ϊ˵Ľ䱸̫ǿˣڱͬԼ˵ģȻֻһСչ˳͡
ĳǿúˣĹƢͱżˡ
ԣҶ¶ô
㲻ҪˣõԸٶ࿴һ۵ġңԸЩеļҲԸ㵱ͼɭЩҴ⣿
Ȼʱͼɭˣ
أڿӡУִͼɭƹ˺ܶߡ
Ҷ¶̵ģ㿴˰ͼɭԣXXһ۵㣬ѹģ
Ĭˡ
ʧǵ뿪ȸһԵĽֽ˳һֵؿҶصô˵ˣѲɻָܹﵽǣ
ôܣҶصֻǾ˵˵ûûʧ
ʼգ˶ǡ
ʲô˵ڵģҰͲ֪
ȸ˵ͷҲû⣬͸˵Ե顣
ˣٹ¾ɨĹˣ׼û𣿡
Ҷصͷ׼ˣϸ¾׼ˡ
ΪXXûʻɨĹõĶԼֽ˵գвӤûһõġ
XXĹ԰Ϊڸ֮սõģΪޣ˱õ嵱аʬ壬߶ֻ¹ڣ
ʱֺһȺޣôҪԣ˲һĹվ˸ӣһ޴¹ڣ
¹ڣǰʯߵ
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ǰʯһŵʱԶλٵһ̵бѣԼ׳ӭս壬Ĵ죬ҲսҲ޷ʱΪȡһűõΣԹƽĿȥXXҴ棬ȷʵΪҲȷʵӮ˴ҵ𾴡
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ҲǲʱԵʡ
ò˶ãͻüҲ½
ȸЩҽ˷ӣʱ㿴Ưˡ
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֪Ȼ˵ȸ׻̲ס˷ܵɨĹڵʱǿȥȥʳˡƶÿ궼ɨĹ춹⣬оүүĽ˿棬ҲֻʱԵõ
֮սҴ߶д󲿷˶ûѪԵϵʱһȺ˸һȺ׶˺ӳԷȥʳҷ
ʳϰױҲ
ƽʱͷҵɨĹڶ׼ֺóԵģʳ
ںǶԣɨĹǱȹ껹Ҫڴ顣
Ҷȴ򴽵ľĹ𡣡
ŶԺһΪһӣȻھͲˡȸüͷ
ҶزΪ⣬ʲôƣô֭һúȡ
Ǻȶ˻ͷۡȸǰ̰ڶԴ۵òըԴ˾Ͳٲľ̵Ĺˡ
ĥɨĹܹԵʳȴǲ֪һXXıѾʱչˡ
Ǻȴһĸ֣֮ȻһΣٲȴܹ˵ˡ
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726 ľ

֪ԽҪٴ£ȵμɨĹ뿪˹ȻЩʧҲܿ顣
ֻǡ
תͷüͷһֱԭתȦһ㣬ǲʮ¡
㲻֪ﾾԼͷڵĸоǳá
ǳáظһߣܹԼĸоֶô⡣
ܾãǵȰ»ȥͻᷢһЩ̫õ顭
˹ȴǲûĻںѵֱж׼ġ
ʵǵĺûа취𣿡
û˵һ㣬ͻȻվһһߵҺܿͻ
ڸ˵ɨĹڵĲãͼＱ˹
壬ʽ׺òã֪Ӻʱʼĳƺ͸Ҷغȸˡ
ף
һüʲôף
ӿڴȡһ֮ǰдҪһӦϵѼЩм۸򣡡
ȱȱһĿڵúм۵ֵʳ߲ˡˮ⣬Ӫ㻻
ԣǴ壬һԵĲҲ۾һ
ҪʲôָҪ
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ܿǼŻȥҪ
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ͻҴӻʵϣԽÿεսƷвٺɴĶȻҲ١
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ȻŻʱ򣬾ͰѿҪˡ
дһǷͿʼ޺ˡ
ȴǳ˵¡
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˽ۣһԻƽͣԵõƫ򹥻ԡ
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ľ̵˵ͷָЩӶXXϣһҪãŶǶ
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727 

ԣľ̶ʱЩģҶôˡ
ƻû˵ʵڲĸḷ̌ЩӺöž˶ˡ
ľ̺XXЩͬСΪһһ̣ѵܵչˣһѲ˵˰Բ֮ͿʼüԲ
ҲʺϸѲҪĻǳԽˡ
żʶ٣뷨ͷǳһЩҲҪһЩȴǺõģһû飬ĺӵһ㿴
ǶŶľȴܵŸŪڳԵġ
ŶȾһִȾҶæľԸȥչġ˵ùִȾп岻ᱻȾ֪ǼǴˡ
ȵŶãȴˡ
ôͣʱһϢҶˣССŶһֱᡣ
ڶ죬ľ̾ͺˣӵ˳Ŷ
ǻǶ಻ŰһȲ²ľӳˡ
Ҳˣʱľ˵ҪŶ꣬ҲûʹӦˡ
𽥳Ϊ˳ߣȷ֤Ŷ£ҲᶨҪȥľġ
üٺˣȻЩģҵ׻ɢˡ
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ļ̌ͷһۣ̾һһǸʱܰһЩõүүүүְֺ͹ĸ
XXһ˻֪ľ̵Ȼɣүүȴ֪ġ
ľϵģձߣԶıߣҲǱõıߡ
ԶֻõһŮڱõ֮ǰһӢŵĶӣһȱõӡ
֮սʱ򣬱ԶѾˣսڵһߣʱǸеﱻȥˡ
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˽֢ľ̻Ǽǵãǰвʵૡ
˵뿴XXδ
ҿXXδˡľ̵Щ̰ģһ뿴ӦеıӦ
ĸʱжްе˲ӦеЩȥס
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ҪȱӢܵõİϢ
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735 ˲

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ҹҶͻصĴϢѣתͷͿԭ˯ԼߵĲڴأؿŴ⡣
߽㣿Ҷ̲סں
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ΣҶҪѯʣȴʵŶңİŸ߼ʯֻ嶼ˣСĳˣ
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ȻҶ˯ţοԼôɻ
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춹ǸʱھǳϰƿغԼĳʱ䡣ңҵĳǻɱ̫ˡΪ˲¶Դȥ˸Ļǽϰ
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߲֪ʱ͵ǰ廹˵ˣ˳˵ҪӰ쵽㣬ֲ
ΪǶܲóͲóҪãҲҪԶԶá
մĴ㣬Ҫʱ䡣³Ҫ¶ҲҪʹһ㡣ĻҲ취һϵ꣬Ǿٺòˡ
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Ҷص۾ɺˣǿԱ顭
ߵŶ㲻Ҫ㲻֪һλô˲
Ҷһ£׻ôת
춹ȴһ˲ߵ⣬Ŭתƻ԰Ŷ֪Ļƽܹ֮ȾٳߣִȾ˶ٳ𣿡
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춹ʷǿĻƽ֮һλŵľų㣬ȴǽXX˶Ⱦ˳ߡ
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˵ҰXXȫȾ˳ߣ
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춹һЦݵǽǸ³ٽ֪𣿡
Ҷҡҡͷǵһ֪Ȼҹȥˣȵڣ
³ٽҲһλ֪һ˲䣬֮ǰδеɫâֻȣǾٲһƽ֮ĵȼġֻ³ٽ˵ʵҲ֪Ǹƽ֮ȻжĵȼȴֻʵģҪĴȾΧԼʵġ
³ٽΪʼͬԼ˶ֻһͣˣӵлƽ֮ʵȴǲ˳ӵš
Ͳһˡ۾ؿҶصллͬǣǶԼˡ
춹ҲЦŵлл㡣
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736 Сŵ

Ҷ򴽣漴ЦڵõлΪҶҵɼˣҲŰѴҶɼˡ
⣬ӽͻüһۣ϶Ц⡣
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֪뵽ʲôӽЦֻǴŹ˿ӣһûûεģö඼û˯ţ°Ρ
Щ۵һЩ˼еŮӡ
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׻˵ôﶤXXһĲֵȻҶǶԣÿһȴ޷ġ
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彫һõĽ֭ŵϣЩҪ˵Ҳʲôؾ֪ģXXޣ˵ˣ򶼲ͷûôʳ֣ԭҲöá
ǺΪŶҳΪԵĳߡ֮ǰҲ֪áʲôоҲ֪ҵĻرڡ͸ԭߵˣͻȻһҪʮСʱڽ·һ߯ܡ
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о꣬Ҿо취ˡ
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³һͻȻ뵽˿XXתͷȥЩӣȻ̲סһ
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·ֻҪ֣ͻȥ֮˺һҰ׺
ǡ
˵֪˴СϿĻ³ģһӶַ֪ʵսǾˡ
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תͷȥڵܼһ󹦡
һȫԱȫǿ˵һǶȾɳߵûУҲԹıء
һ֧ǽǰߣұ֤꣬޿ɵͷ

ûֹͣץȥоһĻеˣԼһֱҪӭȢһλŮȥˡ
³˳ǣǼ֡
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ĪٽǰĻȴǲ⡣˵XXеأʮǰʱﻹûĹ⾰ء
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738 Ӱ

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ֻһ⣬Ǿḷ̌ۺ⿴ɣүү۵û˿εĸлǸм
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Īٽǵͷ֮ǰ͵֪һȥ⸱ºĻйһ˽⡣
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һλߣԭֻҵమáŵʱ໭˵ʵҲҲֻСõ塷
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ڳһ¡
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ȻɣүүĳǾͼɭ
ȻǸʱײ֪ͼɭݣֻǿͼɭѪУʶҲʼտűõ屳ӰĻ棬ԷʱľʹӶˡĳ
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ȴǸ˰ɭԴԴĴѹȺ
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ǣǷĳʧԣŽСĸױݺݳǡȡűߡһ١ﻹҵĴ类ڲƭμͶʣȫҵʲˡԼһӣ׵ԭܲ˴ಡΪûǮƣˡ
ʱ򣬸ýϿͼɭΪ̳ΪһˣʶһֻǷĳԼʲô˲õࡣ
ΪⱻϾɱ״ŵʱΨһŮ뿪AǴ;ԼĻ׬ȡЩ꣬ȻѡһʵľסǶ
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˼ǡ循ϲ۾
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ΪְҵԭҸ׵ĹԶ㹦ܣ˵ߵĵ˵ܶԼʱĶȥһ㵽Ӱгϵջ񡣡
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ֱ֪˸֮ս࣬ȥӰϣŴӵͼɭűõĻз˷ǳ˲õࡣ
ƼԽԽȽҽЩӰϽһһεִӵʱX˵Ĵнµ֤ݡ
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739 

ЩӰϣ֤ͼɭ˭˶޴ӱ⡣
ɣүү˶Ȼ
Īٽû뵽XXȻһɱﵣ˿ͼɭҲãɭҲãûзˡ
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ǧȷɣүүǷģһΣһὫͼɭͰɭ嶤ڳϡ
ӽXXԽԽ⣬ɭԽԽ
û˵ǣҲǳŶôһĻԭļƻXXһֱû׳ĻᣬǿǹĽӰġ
ɣҲϵɭĵжԼ塣
ǹǷӰ˺ͻеˡ
ûа֮ģʵǡ˼ôˡ
̫ˣ춹˷ܵȻ̲סϲ𣿰ɭҪùˣǺܿͻˡ
춹ĸĸûþˣҲûʲô࣬ԼûкӣͰȥˣСһȻԭҰһҲ˵мϮ¼УսȴΪû޾ոȾġ
˵ҶһУһ뺢һ¼гΪ¶ġ
֮ǰĪٽλXX飬ϣͬϯĹ֮ĵģǶΪͼɭǰжôĹ溦ôˣҲԵġ
Ȼڣθ
ȻҶ֪XXĳޣȥԩͼɭĿԱͲȻ
֪һ£ܲó֤һ¡
ֻҪòʵ֤ݣ簬ɭĹ壬;Բһãʮ꣬Էιһ㲻š
ڲһˣɣүү˵ģóǷ֤ݣȷ䲻ģ˭޴ӱ粵
ͬں춹ļ˷ܣƵǱȽϽʵɣүүаӰϱðɣ
ԣҲŵؿ˹
Ͼով˳ϮûǴĻɣүүסҲˣ˭֪Ӱܲ⣿
İɡɣүүȴڵԷһһֱǷӰϵģļҷɴҲбݡЩҲûйϵ׺ͽʱ򶼸ԴһӰϽײġ˶ԣҪǲⱻ˿״š
ԣĪٽǶˡ
ȻǷӰ϶XXʲôֶɣүүΪʾ⡣
ǣҲ׼
飬ٽΪġ
ʱҶؿʵôأXXƽŸ߼ʯأCֺа취֤ǰɭ𣿡
ԣڳ˶ˡ
Ȼܿ죬ǾͷӦˡ
԰Ȼͼɭʹ޵ˣɭͬ޹䡭
ֻõó¼֤ݣô˵ɭһˣڵİɭȫһ֪Ƹȥĳ
Ȼͼɭ˶԰ɭ϶кܴӰ죬ȴ޷԰ɭʵʶϾֲԭʼᣬڷǲֵ֧ܵģծӳ˵͹ʱˡ
ڹȥ갬ɭȨƶXXΪѺһϵXXϵΪǾ͸֤ˡСǵXXǫ̃ȫԱ̭޾գͱ˻ˡ
ǰ˶XX¼УҪɭ嶨ﲻѣѵҪͼɭ
Ȼû뵽ǣµͷȴ˹
üͷ鷳ˣ˵ü˰ɭˣ㣬ûа취֤ʵεǰɭġ
Ǿû¿Ĳǰɭ𣿡ϯ̲סڵ
ǰӰɭ壬ǾXXҲÿһܡ
ܡҲ͵Ե£ҿܻỳˣֹʼʩһһҪһ򾡵ͷ˰ɭ壬벻Ŀˡ
ûüЩǵ֯Ҳ뽫һ򾡣ǵֶҲöôǣȴԲҴ⡣һɻ䣬ĸǵ£³ɹˣҲٲ˱㡣
ȵȣҶȴһܣụ̈᲻ǵ֯ɭ
ǰɭӦºԷɨβһЩΪǵ˵Ӧ
˶٣ߣҲ˵ˣ֮ǰҪɱǸǵ˰ɭˡ˵ûǵŵϣôױƭ𣿡
Ǹǵ֯ô꽻ǸǵűɭȫȻȡӦþͻǵĻɰɣ
-

740 

ԣüûжӦɽ;ȴ¶Ȼ
ȷʵ֮ǰûж룬ŶôһѣȴˣǵŶǽΧ׷½صʱȷʵûκΥ͸УǺϤǵ硣
ʱǵ豸ȴԲǵŸеˮƽٸǰ˽⵽кܴͬɽʱΣֻҲȥ룬ֻΪǵǲ֪ʱһ𣬵롭
šüʹõװȻǾʹõ¿ҲвǾֹġ˵ҲټһЩʽװҶǶǾֵ̭ø߼۳ġżһ¿Ҫô޷оģҪô޴оġǵŵõЩˡ
ڻɽĻĪٽûзΪ˵Ҳȷʵʵ顣
ҪȥһˡʱüڵҪȥǵŵץסˣ˵Ҫ߻Ǳɭˡ
屾ҪͷȻһŶѾˣΪͲƹˣתͷô
ҶûֻǵüһЩֹȥĪٽľڣXXȫݡʹóһǵŸͲ⡣
üͷȥˡ
Ҷ룬ֵȥ
ݹĲƴ֣ü̲סɻǡϳˣ̫档
ҶصţҪʱܹ֮ڶʱڷӳһЧʵⱲ֮ڿռ͵͵зļܡ
ѾҶؿ֪̫ˣɾû̫һЩ
ü֣ؽӹʾ⾣ţȻ뿪ˡ
һߣҶֿڵһǣ»ṵ̈ǵŵץ˻ȻɭĻѱǣǵָ֤𣿡
ԭ˵˱鲻һͣϸһ룬԰ɭĻ֣»治˵
Ȼ³ȴˣ½ңֻҪɭ˸ǵŵ˹ˣұ֤˵ʵ
ԣĪٽλ׷һXX˲ˡ
û˵³ٽڶϰʲôܰ
ϯĸǽ͵ֻ֪³ٽǿֲ֮ΪĳܹǱֲ֧䣬ʵϲˣ³ٽ֧˵ϲŭ֡
ֻҪиĴڣûƿز˵ġ
ԣ˷׷һʵǹڿֲһЩ
Ȼȸȴ̲סֱĻԳ廹леȫûޣ
ĶĸĹߣеҲȫȻǣûиԡ
³һȴȥ͡
ĪٽƢġͻеȻųûи飬ҲֻǺųƶѡȻĸĹ߳棬ҲģҪ̳ԸҪĸ¸ѣлеˣȻûа޹ǶݵϽͶ֪ʶ׷󱾾һлеȻ鵭Įͬ԰ΪеˣǸûп³֧䡣
ϸͲȫûи̾Ϣ
˵³ʱҲ˶Դ˲ɣĳֻܶͬáȻܿ죬ʵж֤ʵԼǿһƺݺ˦Щɵ˵ϡ
ĪٽҲ֣³ǳĲ¡ԣ׼ȷ˵Լ鶼ùܣο˵ˡ
Ȼȴױ㿪ڴXX¡
벻ԭֻܹXXʵ̫ˣ³Ҳ಻סˡ
Ȼϯ˵Ķԣ⺢ӱϻǺõģ֮ĮҲǹȥ̫ˡ
鶼òˣλ̲סˡ
ǸϯҶأһʱ䲻֪ôƺԱ㺬ʲôʱȥA
ٵõȻüѵ
ҶȻ֪㣬ֹˡ
üλĪٽ˵Ǵ㹻ķɴ𣿡
˼ǡϯһ£ò㽫XX˶߰ɣ
ǵȻҶ°͵XXҵļң˶ҵļˡΪӻǵߵﶼҪǡԺҵľųԱҲѡ
һζõģɭ˭֪ǹǽ᲻ֱӶöXXˣ
ĻXXǿҲûá
Ǵע⣬ҪXX˶ߡ
-

741 ˽

ͬĪٽǵ±ƣȴʵʵ˿
Ҷ뵽ЩȻ뵽ˣѷ̫죬֮Ҳ̫죬ʹûüһЩϵҶ˵
ΪԣҺĻҪס
ʱһӹɵġ
ٶ㶼ֲҪһ㡪XX˱һģͬˡ
û취ǶܹóXX̫ˡ
Ҫ֪ǰXX̬⵽ȫٻѾһ᧿Σ״̬
֮棬ΪᣬΪѡ
һXXʲôǾǿĳҲòֻXXһ
λûޣֻܽĿ⿴Īٽ
Īٽǽ⵶зɴܵҲװ½˰
ĿǰǼȽ÷ɴһװʮңȻȲ˵Ƚ÷ɴޣ÷ɴԺкϿҪģXXߵĺԾͲϸ
⵶Ϊǣֻкڲзɴܹϼ˾ѾǼˡ
󣬻³Ȼֱϯɡ
Īٽ벻õİ취ֻ³৾ͽϢ˳ȥ
ڸλ齻ĻˣһԼõĶϢʾæ˸ƣ㿪Կ
ſţüͷƬ̺϶鳤綫˳áԶٴļҺչ˾ҪXXһڰǧĹA
鳤XX鲢һ֪Ǽˣ̲סһ
ǵĸȻ⣬æȥˡ
֪ȻԸ⶯Ĵ󺽿չ˾ӦXXˣҶȻ˲ѣ
᲻ᾪɭ壿ӽЩĵ
¡
Ȼᡣȴ³صİɣˣǷʲôġ
ԣ˻û˵ʲôһԵĶ˹̲סٽô֪
Ϸ˺Ͳȷ˵¾֪˰
뵽Լӵĸͼĸ˹ʱĬȻˡ
˳̲סĵ͵͵һ䣺ֻĳ
ٽ˵ɭҲȷʵ磬ǡ
׻ûסССɭĴ󲿷˻ģһ˿ܻ⡣
˭³ü
Ҳؿ˹
ȻͰɭǳˣΪ˫λĹϵXX߶԰ɭĹɻǲô˽⡣
ȡɭŮʿ˹
ˡ
ҶһãȻһԵϯڵͼɭֵŮΪͼɭ㣬ĳʧȥ˼̳˵ݣҲΪϵҵǸϲһ磬ǰȡɭŮʿ
ȡɭŮʿһδ飬оͶ뵽ŮȨĺʹҵϡλŮʿΪ˹ִϲڹȴ޿ָժһΰ˽ˡ˵ͼɭ󣬰ɭ֮ôû䣬ȡɭŮʿûΪԼƣֹһԼǽţҵ˶ʹ
ԣҶȴԷȴǵĵˡ
ô᣿ϯΪʲôô϶
Բ𡣡Ҷصȡɭֻǿΰ˽ʵϡֻһµ߰ˡ
Ĵ壬ΪʲôҿɭֶУĴ湫ΪʲôֹɭXXĴѹ
ȥ֮Իṥڦɭ壬Ҳ˵ˣֻΪǽŶѡ
֮ԾһˣײΪ˽ڶԼ壬Լѡ
ԣ˹˶ˣ³޵ûѬ֮źÿƤӰˡ
˵ıҲ
ûǾǶ԰ɭƫ
ɭôʲôأ
к˵ĻXXĴʲô
Ҷ˵Ļֱ̫ǵˡ
۾Цûϵģ˭ԳΪXXѣֻ˰ɭˡ
ûƻЦϾǸɱ˿ħʲôڴġ
˵Ļһһ̱Ȼ˹ȴ޷ָ䡣
˭ˮȵXX¶޷˵ɭû
Դˣ޷κ
˵ˣԭ治ãҶôһ˵ٻͷȵУ濴˼ֹ˽
Ƕ˹üͷˡ
-

742 Ļ

ȵ˽˹̲ס³ʵٽҰֵ׿ڿŮʿģôĸŶ˵
Լϰ֣˹һĳݣֻ˵ԷΨһȰöԼӣΨһõεͶˡ
˵ԼӶûԼϰַ
һᣬ³ȴǰһ۵ôŮ˵ģ
Ұ˵ŮʿǰɭеĴˡ˹
ǻף³Цһ˵Ǵˣû˵Ǻˡ
˹һ㶣漴һ룬񡭡
³ȴһЦ˵ɭеĴˣҲȥ
ɭûмӺʹġȼеٮٮߣҲǰγӡ
Ŷü̻ˣ
һ죬Ҷڷɴиȸһƣ˲ߵ
ԣ˷׷׶е˳ȥ
ģȸһʱ˳ȥ
ģǧȷһһü̿ܺõӣεջ϶ˡ
ԣҶ۾һǸϽȥ
ǵʱ򣬻üڸ˵ָӴҽץķ²Ѻͳ
ܺãŸյͷǵ·˵ǣսʵʱҷ˼ſ¼̣ǲʲô
Ҷعʱ򣬻üһ˷ܵظ˵Լ
ʲôҶ˿ʵ
üϹһĨǳЦǼſ¼̾ȻǵΪԤɭ˹ӲŶ¼ӰҲ鿴ˣҸǸɭ˽սĳ棬ҲһıôԸǵӰ죬ɭӦºɨβ飬У
ǡü΢΢ü˺ҽսʱԷϵܹ֤ԷǰɭˡӰ񶼲ȷе֤ǵźıǰɭġǶҪαǺ׵ģԷȫ˵˼ٰ˰ɭ˶ǽݺ
˵ɫһһ
Ҷȴαװȴôαװġ
˼ǡü۾һ
Ҷص˵ͷǸɭԿʱһûг꣬ڵʮ֮һԷʵ϶ҲȥԣǸɭ˿϶ĳλʵ
˶٣˵ҲǸ֮
ֻҪҵǸûü˻Եˣһоӭж⡣
ߣҶ³Ȼ˵ܹðɭ˵ʵǾһܡ
Ĵ󺽿չ˾ͬʱյ㹻ķɴҲѾڰºˡ
Ҷһ£XX˶㳲ʱĪٽҲãλҲã̲סЩĻš
ֻһ֣ȻĿýж٣ǻ̲ס𺳡
Ϊ˶ǳߣҶصͺֲܿˡ
Ҳ˵Ҷһ˵ֵϽٸƽ֮
ǡôϸ˼ֵ鰡
µʱ㹻ҶظΰŴҵǴˡ
һǴЩ굫ûгʮ꣬ѵĺӡ
һͬް㾯ĺӲĲѵص½ϷɴĪٽ̲סۡ
ֵµ±Ҳûľʡ
ЩӲĸһ𣿡ϯ̲סʵ
áҶصѵĺӸд⣬ڴ߷ж㡣Σգ˻ᾡΪкȡ
׶εĺӵǴˣһȺӤĸŮЩǻڲڵĺӡ
ǵɷ򡭡һ𣿡ϯٴβ⡣
ҶüҪһ𷴶ȫҶȱӡ
󣬾иЩие·ݻǳе·Ѿܴˡ໥в߶Ѿ̵ûнѵ׶
һʼû˾òԣֱ
ЩԼĺӣһӶűվŵһλŮ裬ϯ̲סĿࡣ
ǡȸ˸۵˵ǻôôࣿʲôϡģXXŲôء˵ģںӶԣÿһ˶ǵļҳ
и֮󣬾ˣ֮ǰЩиһЩ˲вҲ׶
˰ʱ䣬ŵǴǳ˺ҶСĺˡ
ҶػĪٽȷһǧҷɴںеʱһҪڱĵش
ģǱ߻ᰲźõģҵľҲص㱣ǧҺҶѾüˣ֪ӳ̶ȣĪٽȻ
-

743 ʧ̬

Ȼǧ㲻㲻ԸǵҶǻûд̫ණߡ
Ҷص뷨ٶĶĿռ䶼ܹװߵġ
ԴˣǲǲĶǾܾˡ
ǲԶڹȥ̾˿ȻЦȫµδǣֻҪ˻ڣûʲôǸ᲻µġ
ԡҲܹˣԺǮˣһҲҲԶˡ
Ҳ࣬źδȴǿҵڴˣҳ˴һЩҪƷԼһЩʵ᲻öʣԵĶҶѡ˶롣
˵֮ǰĪٽ𾪣ôȵʮµĺӺͳ˿ʼǴʱѾ˵ˡ
ΪǰģޣҲǴӵޣǻʵޡ
һһӢ˲üǼµһ˫˫ŵȴսǿ
Īٽ̲סߵֵҪˡ
ͼɭһ󲿷ĹԱҪ빫ΣԭƵϯܻһ֧ǿŵϿɣôӹɣȨõĹ̡
̵ȨھżӰġ
˵ģ˵XX£ϯȨȶµİɭθ£
ͼɭĴǵϯȨȹ̣ǵһʱͱϾ·ͥˡ
λкһӵĻԻͣ
ԭĪٽҪҶظͬģҶȴܾˣѡ˸һɴ
Īٽԭģ³ȴϵҪҶһɴ
һҶص˱ϣҲûзԵɡ
ⱲӳҶؾû뿪XX˵ʵϲXXģ󻹾һǼ;ȻʵϣΪʱӤ֮ίʵûлʶXX֮ķ羰
˵ʵҶضԣǼлûʲôʿԡȸǣһ˷ܵýɴɳ̫֮ſ˴ϡ
Ҳֻά˲죬ûʸ֮ǵĵעתˡ
ķɴɲXXԭе̭ɫֽ豸Ŀɿڴ
һʼһı֣չ˾ĳԱȻûбֳԵӣҲ֪û뷨
Ȼûá
ۣҴһȭȻᷢҽУȸһ˷ָܵŽеһ̨ҿԣɺˡ
ģ˲ȸ󵨣֮ǰЩŲֽţȸҿͷһ˰ȫУ׷ӿȥ
ûãͳɵɵĲҽ
ΧĳԱһԵĻʾһһƼ¼ݣ׷ľ
ȷˣȺ˱ֵУ˼ҪĴУδĴС
ڷɴϴ죬XX˶ջϤĸȽ豸
ȵ½AʱΪѾýƵ˽һµǵǵǴʱ򵭶ˡ
ҵ̬ȥüͷһͺȵҴӲ̲Ÿոտʼء
ȻҶΪɢXXۿɼٶȽ˱ս״̬
ʵϣôĶAȻһ㶼ûзġ
Ҷǵ½ʱ򣬸Ѿʼһˡ
Ȼ󣬵ȵҶǵִ֮ʱ򣬸Ѿ֪һXX
ȷԵļ廹ãɭ峤ظȴʧ̬վ
ǵġ׵ĹܼҵˣԵִۿڵķɴ㣬¡XX˶ˡ
Ϊ汲̷ɭĹܼңȻ֪ɭXXĶԹ
ɭ峤ʧɫôܣXXѵCֺл
ôܣ
ȷûŪ᲻ʵXˣ
ǵأϽǵţ
һȶ˷İɭ峤ʧ̬˵һΪ£ܼȴΪ⣬һɬҸոѾˣǡ粻ϡ
ΪʱŸͬľ֡
û˱ɭXXĹϵˡ
ɭûк³Ϊͣк³
Ǿ͸Ͻȥβʰɾɭ峤ɫ˲Ǳϼ꣡
峤⣬˵Ҳʲô⣬ܼҵ׻ĹǣͷӦǣ
Сɭ峤һȥϢ߰ȣһα
ܼҵͷַԸҲҪһ飬XX׷ʲôĵƣǲľˣǡ
۵׻һĨݡ
-

744 

֮һӭôˡ
ʵϣ֮ڽȺоһްԣĳ̶أ
Ϊǰӷ֮ǰѾˡ֮Ϊǳ֮ǰĵľסأȻҲ
֮֮סǧûġ
˵ʵһС
Ȼ֮ȴ˼ս
λһ߲һ㿴ҿ㣬Щš
ô찡ϯСʵ
֪ǿס³һȻתͷҶص¸պһſŵľסǣXXסȥɡ
һԵĶ˹˸ۣصطԸ˿ճģҪ˵պáߣȥһҪϰָ״֪жôܼҲס
ԣλ˿
ҶسɵǿžסA𣿡
ĺܡ³һضҪһСʱ
Ҷ˿Ȼ壬ô
һ󲿶ȥ³ľסϣ֮Ҳϼʮˡ
ԴˣλûʮȻ٣ܹ֮ɵ˵ġ
Ƚ󲿶ۿڣĪٽʵϯ˼Ҫֻعû߷ɳھ·ͥǡ
˶٣֮ǰûȽŶܷ⡣
ҶüܷĻ²һܹİɣ
Īٽͷûһ겻ɣϳҲҪ̵飬¶
ǾͬʱСҶصϣظͼɭҪҸ˵壬ӦXX塣
ĻͬģڵУֻҪܷˣ
ŶǳˣҲһӡ
ҶصЩĵСĵ㣬һʲôԾһҪһʱҡ
ͷģǲǿ
·ͥԼеĲƵǳش󰸼Ƶͻв
ڶνش󰸼ȤһЩģһЩԻǾƵʵڡ
Ȼһ죬ƵеŮĿﲥһʱ־һͬģۿڶˡ
ȵȣոŮŮ˵ʲô
ǡXXظͼɭɭԼڰɭ壬ֺࡢ˽áѹȺXXǵCֺͼXXڣΪϷᷴС

ͷ·һˮ
٣Ųɡ
ͬʱҲ
̶һ죬ǵİ칫ҾͽӴ˽ʮλԱмӣѾݵԱ
֮ҵ˼һΣҪά档ͼɭһ˵С
Դˣûж˵ʲôֻǽҶص˦ǵǰ
ԼѡɣҪνһһְٵĻƽ֮
ԴˣԱĬˣĬֻ֮һСΪӦþ£һΪ¿ԺҶʣǲڤ粻飬ΪҶرǿҲֻһˣΥ
أ֪¼Ȼشע
һ죬λڸҶܷʽϸľסǺͿǡҲʱ֪ΪܹõĸвоסпǣõĻ˵׼ܵõ
ҶسԿԱ㡣
˵أȴǾ·ͥˡ
˵Ӧò֪ͨͥʱʱΪʲô£
Ϊϯһ仰˾裬ǰɭϾ·ͥ塣
ȻʵȴЩϡ
ͥһ⡣
Űݷõλͥͷһ˽͵ڵԸϣһιƽСɭǷѾܾ˹ҪҲܾĻڵҪͲõ㡣
ǴӦءʵ
ǾͻṫͥͥϾǹ˾ǱܺߡУܺߵȨǸڼӺߵġ
ͬ⡣ԥǻᵱڵ¶ɭĿ¶ͼɭһħ
ĻȻ֪ǣʱͥŰݷֱġ
Ҳˣ˵ĻҲˡ
˵ľ㵣ɭȴˡ
дֱд·ͥôңôҲͬͽֱַǵ˽ǡɭ峤ƿڴ
㼤ԭģϾڲɵӣһԸ⹫һԸ⹫ɵӶ뵽һЩԭ򣬴Ӷðɭˡ
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745 ̫֮

·ͥûпͥҶصܷʽȴǿʼˡ
ԽԽҶػ֮·ʴϯܷʽǶ⹫𣿡
ġϯΪİȫܷʽĹ޶ģμӵĳ;ֻˡ
˶٣Сÿܷʽ󣬻һ֮ƴ˼֮ıƴעסǡһЩöŶ
һԳû׬˽
ŶһӣҪƫһЩ²ȦĻǲ֪ģȵ·׼ˡ
Ҷ۾һģXXʲôȱ
ϯͷԣȻӮ˾֮ƱܴӰɭǶõһ⳥ǡҸˮXXôˣǽɭڿˣ¶ǶҲǱˮн˵϶Ҳһ⳥⳥ԤһҲͼ򣬼ǶˣֵϸͲʲôȻܻþסǣסǵĽҲҪܶǮġ
Ҷ֣صͷллѡ
Ϊļ֣XX˶ܹμܷʽ
ΪXX̫ˣ֮ԭĳزԶһžΪܷʽĳء
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˵ۿȥһƬƣ˵㣬Ƶġ
ĽϣҶزȥ
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ǰǴԼе𾪵ؿǸСıӰԼ·ͷƤ
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һӥ̧ͷȥͼʮֻӥգ۱ɵ˽ǰͣԵϡ
ȵȣЩӥǲǹŽɫ˿
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⻭桭Ща֯Щ߳ܣǡ
Ҷ򴽣оüˣ
Χ۵Ⱥȴˡ
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-

746 ֮ƴ

֮ƴȻܶǮƵĻᣬȻϣһչ֮ʵƽ̨
ݽӴʱСҶضߵ֮ƴкúñֻ֣ŻΪļֵõĴ
ҶԭͶ֮ƴڱصã⻰۾͸lˡ
սǱսңСʵ
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XXô󣬱²Ըս
ҶĹǣҲЩڣ֪ŵˡ
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ȻϵǣҪս˾Ȼ٣
һ㵣ý³ߵЩеĶ㵱˴ԺΣԣеΪ㣬ʣµġ
ʵǺܺģΪ֪̽ʵǲЩԴ
ҶȻԭˡ
ȻԼȫҪˡ
ЩҲ֪ôģ֮վҶǰһĵüصӡ
ǰ֮ά³˹ָ̡̫֮üһΪ˲ĿɨҶص¡
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Ϊ֮Ϊٺ»ͲΪƽ֮Ҷء˵˶ˣΪXXԵʣҶԵõ˸Ĳ
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³üҶصСһ㣬Ҷɵĳܼ֣ܹٿؿһǳȫĳǹٶȣûóġλ
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ҶصͷӦ£Ȼ̨ʹ˭ϡ
ȻԭϣXXΪԲμⳡƴXXʵ̫ˣȲ˵̫ˣ£ôսۣӮʲôأ
ҶزҪӮҪķڷ
-

747 ֮ռ

ٿؿֳǷǳ׵ģܹļܾ࣬Сơѹڡȵȵȵȡ
ȻһҶõҲǿһ֣Ǳ˱ˡοջҲ
˵ֳµıƴԷóɱﵣҲܲ
Ҫ˵ȫⷽҶ룬ȴǷûС
Ҳ˵λ֮ƴ޷ȡɣֻӲӲ
֪Ҷɵ鱨üȿڵǿԿٶȡʤκβٿϵҪٶȹˣöԷʼ޷Ǿʤ
Ҷصͷͬǻüѡһ֧Ļ顣
ü˵ͷȻȥˡ
ΪԽŵųбǸ˽XX˳ˡ
ڻü֮󣬶忪ڵһʮᣬȻΪҲܲٿؿǵȫӳһȭʱҲҪΪұá
ҶصͷǶһ֧ȷ沿ӡ
𿴶ƺֻǸ̵ģʵϣǴнӹų֮λġ
ͷȻȥæˡ
ǽſڵҾ֣ܸ컻أΪԵĳܹԲٿؿĳмҹؼʱ̻ܸһ
Ҷͬǲ֯ӡ
ӡŵһŶٲ˷Ĳ֡
ҶصͷȻ棬һԪأ̶ܹӦ⡣
һŶӡ
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ϸĵľΪӦһس飬һ˲ҪǿĹͷҲҪٶȺһһЩ⣬ܽпسĳߡ
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ҶЩԥΪ֪ԭҰһֱȽϳӣֳϡһֳ
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ҧҧԺԶս
˵زˣĳͲɱԣҶرͷˡ
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ҶɶһΪΪͣһԵĸٵ˵
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ԣҶüĻҾЩԿˡ
³ԣΪĹϵΪҶҲһ⡣
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ƺӲգǻһֻʤʽԷľݵ㣬öԷ
ҶسƬ̺󿪿ڵҵ뷨ǰԭƻ¡ЩոеĹ򶼵û
˵˵ȥʤɲ䡪ֻҪ֮ͳȥǾӮˡ
Ҷصľֱӣȴûзԡ
оãԸռ֮ĵˣǴ־սǸҿԣ
-

748 չͨ

ü鲿Ӻܿͽ֮ռ䶼̽һ顣
ĵβӡ˵ţüͼֽϻʶԽ״ɽ
ȻڶɽϱһAĸɽϱһBĸ
AɽˮݷֲҲȽϷḻBɽȴǽȻ෴ɽʯΪȻ޾Ӷࡣûв´̬ӦBɽ޽AɽĶﵱԼʳ
ܴķ˵AɽǸʵľݵ㡣
Ҷȴ˼ӦҲһ˰ɣ
ˣˣȻҲˡü
ǴǵԱ޳XXǳߣͲһˡ
ѾӦøӲٿBɽҰ޽й
Ҷصͷ֮ǰ˵ˣ־սʺǡˣȻҲݵĺû෴BɽŲãǶȴõġ
ˡģ˵Ҳˡ
̫֮ȻռBɽҶһ㶣ʲô
Է־սȻһɽռݣǴ־սAɽõѡ˵ͨ
ܿ죬Ļ㱨ͽ⿪ɻ
ˣдҰǱϮ
Ұޣ
ҶѾ漴ȴǻȻ
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Ŀȥܿͷ˲ԣͼЩҰһϵһɫĹһͷȴǱһʮŮϡ
ӣܼ𣿡һͷС㵣ĵʵ
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Ҷ߱Ͷ࣬һҰޱֿΧ֮󣬺ܿʹˡ
һֻͻŭŵصʱ򣬸һаɫɫĹ˽ɫһ˲䣬ЩϸһɫĿףԽ
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ȵ޻صҵʱѾһ̧ͷľˡ
ôһзʮ˻׹ⱻ˳ȥ
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ȻҲԴеģǲٿؿ޻ӡ
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Ҷؿö˵ǶҶˡ
-

749 

˳ǵǡ˼ʶ
̫֮ʵʲôΪʲôкʲôĳ߶У
üڵȥУԷĳ̫ˣ˷ʤ֣жɡ
ڱڵ֮ƴУʡʤʽǽԷ
Ϊ̽ҶصʵҶûһеġ
ȻһȴǲУٲԼҪСˡ
Ҷɿе֣֣£ĸʵһҲ԰Ⱥۡ
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ƻ˳֣˿ҪߣͷԼĿͻȻͬѩһ㣬ܿƵɢˡ
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˵춹ͲҲѾӦˡ
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ĸ﷢ͨѶʱԾͱ˽ƣǲܷͨѶϢǲյġ
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ˣ㽫ľסǺͿǷһҶҲѾˡ
Ĳ˵XX˶õĺˡ
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ſֱ۵ôôˡ
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750 Ľ޴

ҶϵЦݲ˿бĶ𣿡
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ΪǻҪͥɭ˾ֻʱһš
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ƺͺ춹˶ȥѧϰˡ
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ʵϣʱAѾˣû⹫ҶصݣΪܷʽҶ֪³¯̫֮XXˡ
ҶǻʲôûΪֺǣһЩѾչж
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ˣ̵һºķչ
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޴ǣ浽׳ʲô£¼ɷ⸱ģҲʶӦ÷ʲôˡ
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޴Ǻ˰СӺϱĽ̫̫Ŀͣ΢΢Ц
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˵һŷɣ֪ܹΪ˶ᡣеǼǵģײʧȥ֪ڴ֮ǰXXһֱûļ¼
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ʷ棬ǰǷȱܹǸӵķǳߵ˶ܰĽ޴Ҳһģ˵ϴЦԺδκ˶ܿõĹ
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ΪӵԭⱲǲӵԼĺˡ
˶ڴŮǴϲ˵ǵԼŮҲΪ
Ǿ͡Ҫ˰ɡĽ̫̫Ĭ֮תͷСӵͰǶ֧ٶ뷨ҲҶʩΪǺӻˡȻΪ϶ԽЩƽǡ
ЦЦʹˣ᲻ÿСԿˡ
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Ľ޴Ǻ֪طӦԼ̵˼ʱյҺôҲǵģǺչҰ˵ˣôܽ£
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ԣȴǶһۣȻⷽ棬и
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756 ط

̸۵Ļ⣬Ҷزû⣬ֱڶ죬ʱǿе㡣
ʱҶظһ辰ϰ̸öԷ͵ùݣתײһˡ
ҶʶҪǸȻԷȴһˡ
ȻɣԷõϱ½ԡ
ʲô
ˣ̧ͷͶһżΪϤ
Ҷס͡
ȻϱӵİЩ𣬿ŸһЩ˳
˵ͷҡ
㡭ҶرЩŹֵôоϱӲһ
ԣıЩŤ
Ҷغ֪ע⵽ķɫɫ㡭Ⱳת㣿
ûˣλжôᡣ
ˣ౾Ͳһӵԩˡ
¶ͬ飬ֻ޲ԭԱա
򴽣ʵϢأ𣿡
Ҷû뵽ôֱӣƳһۣڵˡ
˶٣£
һ٣ȻɫҸұ֤ת϶ֱʡ
Ϊʼ࣬Ҳת֮ġ
Ҷرͬˣ޷ԸⱲӵɲϱδ

תͷҶأĵ㲻ң
ҶҡͷҲ
⻰治ܷ
̾˿ת仰ʵⱲӽʲô֣
ҶؿҶأҵֽҶء
˶٣Ҳԭ֡
Ȼ㡭ûϵ𣿡
ûϵҶصҲɡ
ͷ
Ҷʵʲôйû𣿡
ԣıѿаɡΪδĹϵڵĽʲôɾкӹ
Ҷһ飬ֲɵ⻰Ȼ˲Ծ
Ĳ˵Ҫܵӡοӿ¸޷塣
㡭ҪҪ
Ҷرôһ˵˭뵽ȴǺԥã
ǸоǾ͵Ǹˡ
֣Ҳûзڡ
˵Ź֣ϱӣźͰദԽ࣬Խؾãǲ˺Լġ
ǲزס˷ܡ
ϢҵţҪǲɫƣ㻹浱Ǻ۸ˡ
֮
Űı飬˼ԥް㿴ȥʲôķչ𣿡
ްҡҡͷҪԭ뷨ʹֱǳԣȻڡƺԴҶʶ˾ѰĹ켣ò׽

ûʲôõĸоӦòʲô·
ֱǷǳģǼ漰ԼĲõ鷢һӦ
ûУֻ˵Ĵ㲢Ӱ쵽ǡ
˵ڶ죬ҶؾԼµĴˡ
ͬһһһ³ϳݡ
ڶԷû鲻ԽȻ⣬˵ʵֹȻ˵뷨
뵽ģԾϢľгǰĻᣬҪôаղĿƣҪôѾĿơ
ֵǣĵ׾һҲһˡ
ԼҲ˵ʲôԴ
Ҷأ㳤Ҿͱˣʱ޸Һòã緹أ䲻ͻȻڵ
ҶصʱҧԲǺò׽еıȥĿɿڴؿŰ㡭
ȴǺϾؿ³ȻһͷȴѾ
ʱϹһĨЦݡ
㲻ʹ죬Ҿʹˡ
ˣⱲҾˡ
ҶزһĻȻ˰⣬Ц֮࣬ȴǲûֹ
Ϊо黹ġ
֮ϣް͸˼һۣȻ̲סЦ
ԤСϢⱲӿ϶ˣ
Ҵû뵽һ찬ԸϢʱҾȻҪΪŰ
Ҫ֪ҵ뷨һġ
ܽһ仰call
³û۵ȴһһµкϧڰԣ۵Ӳʹһ緹Եø泩ˡ
ȻصԼķ䣬³ûסһȭͷǽˡ
Ƕ˹Īү
룡³ҧ
˹ɵү˵Ǹа㣿
³ش͵ҾҪ̫֮޸ȷʵ룬ǡҾãǵ˵ĻӦܳɡү
³ı飬ֱˡ
үңɱһ
³ɭɭǰԹɲҵôͲԼԭ򣿡
һɫûУ
˵Լˣȱ
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757 

ʱģҶ߱Ҫڳһġ
Ȼȴְܾţ˯һ䡣
кܶ໰˵أѵ𣿡
ҶһԥûоܾҪ
ȸȴǲˡ
Ŷһδ㣡
ǣ߿Ű¶ƵеԾòã
ҶصЦЦǷİɣⱲӶԱġ
ԣߺȸһţŶǱˡ
ǰͦӵģΪҶ˵ǶԵġ
ҶȻǸӣŸķȴǷһŴ˫˴ţһҲü
Ҷ˵ԼⱲӵľ徭
˵ⱲͬǸ¶磬Сġ
СʱȻ̲סǣΪǣȷʵõ˺ܺõչˣǺһҳˣΪٳٲҪΪҵģǽˣദ㲻ô㡣̾˿
ⱲȻͶ̥㣬ȴһ顣
Ϊ꣬νǧֶʹһʼǳڹػ˺棬ͱζ
Ƕ磬¶Ѿһֻĥ
ʵϣһûҶأҲ취뿪塣
Ҷ̾˿ûжʡ
˵һ£֪ͻеʵߡ
Ҷһʲô˼
ϵ˼ⷽмأڵ˳壬Ϊ׼ó˷ֳ׳ĻᣬʺϾס򶼱̳ԴȻһӵ˻еڵ档
һʼе˽嵱ϡеƷ徭ѪʷŵԻɣӻе
Ȼû뵽ǣòӭƽȴųˡ
ΪԳ˽⣬ս塣ϧеǸʯ̫ḻˣµĽǳķչٶȼѸͣŬǰˡ
һΣӵڵ档
ǿͻеˣƼչڳʼ׶εûз֮
֮ʷӦþͻмˡ౻ūۣͨϵŬõ˶
ֵҵǣй֮ǰľͻе嶼Ԥϵ˳ܻٴγ֡Ϊǰ׼沢û̫ĳɡ٣ôˣʼջŴ󲿷
˶٣Ϊͻе˱ͬˣʵϣ˵ġ
Ҷû뵽࣬ɱˡ
ͻȻ뵽磬ƺκһ綼Ҫƽ
Ȼ
ٿȻ̧ͷʰ֪еĳ壬Ⱥȫ𣿡
Ĭˡ
Ҷصˡ
Ҫ˯ǰʣЩûϵ𣿡ΣⱲ㡣
ҶΪشʱ򣬰ڵҵԶֻһߡ
ϱûȺġ
ڵľ棬Ƕɵġ
ΪȺռ˶鳤λá
ܹء
Ҷ̾˿лл
֪Ȼ࣬ǶΣǲЩġ
Խôߵ˶Ķλˡѡˡˡ
Ȼֻж԰޷һĶλ
ƺѣƺĵˡЩ£Ҳ
ȻЩܺͱ˵£ȴƺܺͶԷ˵
һ˶˯ú㡣ڶʱϴأ洫³
ҶػûзӦȴǾһܳˡ
Ҷϴȥ³ɫѿɳϣüű֮ǰô˵ģٸЩδӴ𣿡
ָŰȻһһֱɲΪΣҲܲҵĻ£
˭ˣŷأܻ
³ҪǲǸϽұԱ
㱻ָ죬ͻȻɭɭһЦתͽҶرߣҶǲҪˡ
ҶضˣȻֻʮ꣬ӿǲ˵Ҳһ弸ˡ
ðɣⱲӵߺܸߣһװû⡪ʵձҪߣһһ弸ƺû⡣
ֵ³ˣվסոʲô̬ȣаҶط£֪˭ô˭׼㱧ġ
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758 ߼泱

ļɹ֮Ҷӭѵõİ
ˣν£ʲôҪĽĿ𣿡˶ɳУ³ʵ
³һڲ裬Ŀ絶һڰϹһ£Ȼſڵеģ֮֮ľϰ
ϰҶһ
³ٺ˽»иֲġ
ҶʵҪμ𣿡
á³СС֣Ҫ룬
ԥ£ڵ΢ǽʽҪ׼ˣ¡µĳ泱ӦþҪǰˡ
泱Ҷ¶⡣
֪ģĸķֳǳǿĳֻҪʮӾܳ׳ꡣÿֳһ壬ĸͻὫǰߡĳ˶ǳ֮Ϊ泱ǾҪӦһһĳ泱
һԣƽÿ¶һĳ泱΢ΪľǣһҪġ
΢ܲܵõӣؼҪڳ泱еı֡
Ҷصͷˡ
ʵҲˣ΢ǵ˳Ӧ˾豸֮Ҷؾյ֪ͨ΢ǵǰة׼ӭӰµĳ泱
Ϊ˵ľǣ΢䱸ĺȻ٣ҶԴӣڼľǧԭأǧǰة
һΣXXԭĴͳܶѵӪĺӶˡ
ҶԭǲͬģȻȴΪͬǺӣûǰˣӻں档
ʵҲΪҶشһǿĸͷӡ
֮⣬ҲΪھЩ豸ΪӵȸʵӦõġ
ة֮ԱΪǰߣûԭġ
ΪѾˣܹŵЩʯǡ
һطҶصһʱų
Ŷȸ¶⡣
Ҷصة̫ˣҴҶϰֵΣһ㣬ΪǱϷɡ
ߡ
򴽵ûзҵǵĳЧ
ʵϣҲǾĽ̫̫Ѳ֪ġ
ԭĽҴеѪѵӵеһֱҲΪΪ̶֧ݺԼȫȻֹ
ҲΪˣĸ׵ʱǳߣԽٷ˵ӵʱֻԼȥ޶
ȸһһԲǵȻ˰ǡ
һǵŶɸ𣿡
ʵϣ´緢ˣȴ˭ûиŶ׻¸̫ĸ
£Ե޹ʵģ
ǣǲһ̶ҲŶ
ⲢԸ⿴ġ
Ҷһȴû뵽Ҿ뷨
ġҡҡͷЦû˵ֻҪٻ֮ĵľͲҵˡ
ģһɵŶ㲻ƭǣ
ôƭǣҶؿЦá
һҲǡ
ҶؽС㣬ܲǱ߷ѶϢ˵泱ľʱ𣿡
ûССֻ˵⼸ˡ
˶٣ճݼ⣬һεĳ泱ȼ²ͣҲм泱ָпǸ߼泱
Ǹ߼泱ܲ϶ǻ֧Ԯġ
ôһ˵Ҷϣ΢ܹһսеõɫķӣҲϣ߼泱
Ҫ֪ν߼泱ûеͼ壬ȫм͸߼ɡ
мҲᣬ߼ȴǼѶԸĴڡ
Ϊ߼ѾܺȼڳԽˣһЩ߼廹ܹͨαװࡣ
㲻˵ֻ߼ľܣһּΪ˼ɵĴڡ
˭뵽ʲôʲô
սյ֪ͨ˵泱٣ô׼
Ȼһ̨̣Ͼĺ;ȫע⡣
Ǹ߼泱
ҶһȻܿͷӦȫ׼Ѿֺ;ܶװϡ
ǾӦԸ߼Ҫװ
ԵȸЩе:ǵװʮ֮һ˶װϡ
ȷŸսߣһߣѾ˾
Ҷصü˻гˡ
䣬ҫ۵Ľ⣬ɫӶϵÿһ˵ϡ
ңȥսܱȽ࣬ʹ࣬ǡҶ˫ֽ״ϣ˸ҳж˸һȥ
յǶˣûﵹµɡ
ɫĹͬɫĹЧǿ˺ܶ࣬һӵи
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759 

սǵĿûʲôǳԲˣ̲µġ
񵱳Ե°ıõ壬˽ɫĹǹȻˣǣҪܵʹȻҪü
ȻҶȴˡ
ΪôҶ
Ϣ˵ײҪ¶ԼĸǴʱ˿̣ȴ˲ôˡ
˶ˣȥˣȻڡ
Ҳǰ
Σʧȥеκһˡ
ŵǻԻ͵δδУʹѪ
ϣû
˲֪뷨ȻȴᶨƵػӦҪ
ǾԲﵹ£
Բﵹ£
ԣ
ﵹ£
߼岻ͼô󣬳òϵĲ죬ͷʵ޼
Ȼ߼ķȴԲǵͼܹġȻϱȵͼѷһȻȴȵͼɣսʱҲмԡ
οܲǸ߼ɱﵡ
ĳӭڼžУֲҲҿޱͬǻ±Ѿŵƨˡ
ˣѹҲǳ
״ȭ˵Ҹҿͷ
䣬ͬڵһ˳ȥ
Ѱľ׺һɵļ岢ûд̫Ƚ
ֻΪŸոӦĸɫԭսʽ̶ܹȷԼʵ
Ӱͬһ磬սȭͷһȻ󡪡ǰȥ
ͷЮľʯһȭܵЯޱߵųȥ
һ˲䣬Ϊ׵ʮֻͱƷ˳ȥ
мֻм屻൱Щ߼Ҳܣ˲̶ͬȵˣкüֻκſڵ
⼸ֻȴѾ˷ͼͷϵĴǲ϶Ĳӿ
סԴŸվһʹɫϾһŽӶͣԲԲεر
һ£ҿɲ
˵꣬һŤȴǳ˳ȺС
ͷ˺ܿҲ˶ԳĿ־壬ս
ŶҲȥʱһԵȸͻȻҶҪ
ҶһĳЧԳûЧ
֪ȸǣûгʱҲڸսû˳֮ҷȴˡ
򴽵Ҫ㣬ǣȵҲһ
ãȥɡҶص
ȸƲѵУȸǿܶͬĺӣҲ˵սʶǰԶʤˡ
ȸ˵ͷȻͬһ𱼸սˡ
˲ͬȸνȫװ֪֮Щм֡
ȻЩ߼忴ôһӣȻûвֵĵ
ܿҶؾͿȸֱһֻ߼ҧˡ
Ȼܿ³ˣ۵û亹һСıԱߵм׼ҧ˰ȡ
һֱϵرҧ֫壬ȻʹػָҧٴκͳսһҶز
ûнʱ򣬳ȸԼ˶ûʸ
ͬ鲻ûҪȥæȻȴȸܾˡ
ҶƿĿ⣬ʵϣս˵˲ֻȸһˣˣһЩǳǿ󣬻ǡ
߼岢ǵܹȫģһɨӣҶؾͷЩ߼ȻֱӲٿλһЩ߼Ȼ΢ĿռǷĿռܹ׵ؽնϡ

һõĸоҶ͵תͷͿ̶˵ϡ
ƶҶæƶ̶͹
ƶȴǱһֻ߼ţһʱ䲢ǲԶĻüҶصĻȻԣǵһʱ䱧̶գ۵Ĺ͵Ҷǰ
Ҷزҵ飬æ̶ƽȻȡһԥػؿڡ
Ѫ¶˳Ҳ¶һװ֣ŬϸСӡ
ǣüһ
Ҷع˲ֱĵ⽫Ӹ˳Ϊ̫أ̶඼ڳһӡ
ڹܿͽ̶κˣԭҲ̶µҿŶ㶯죬ոҸоҵ˼άסˣԤУҵǻᱻ̳Ե
ҶطԸüѾذ׽Сնˡ
ȻϵǣնСȴǵƤ±
üһҪһԵҶصԿû𡣡
-

760 ͳ

üӦγһǹ
һǿҵĻ棬ϸСĳӻҷˡ
»𣿡һ⡣
һԵ̶ѾҶصŶǴһ߼ʬзɳġҲ޷ˡ
ʬ壿ҶһĻȷʵ˷ʤ
ӣüһ
ӽΪ鲿ӵģսǷȱûսˣһüĺæ˹
üֻ߼һ˵Ȼʵӣָ߼ǰֹ𣿡
ӽΪ鱨ˣڳ֮ǰͽЩһˣɫЩѿûСپĹвûָ߼ļ¼ȻҲƵļ壬ûôߣҲѷֳ
ô˵ͳˣҶص
üӽϽͨܲ˵ͼͳ塣
ӽͷȥ
ʵϣԴ֪ةĳ泱Ǹ߼泱ܲѾ׼֧Ԯˡ
һΣȸӦ³ܲߵ˻ûзӦޱǱ߾鱨˻
͸߼壿
ȿ˵͸߼Ǽͳ壬Ǵʬг֣Լߣ˷ʤҼܹѷֳֻлܹɱʱϢ̨ľٶͷѾð亹
Ͻ֪ͨ쵼SSΣ͸߼֣ٻųԶ̻飡ʧһ㺰
С뵽˺ܶǰͳոճֵʱ
ʱΪûз˲ٸ߼塪ǵαװǶôΪûҲû̫໳ɡЩĸ߼弸оǶٵ
ǳѣ˽䶨
Ժ߲з˶Լ߼ĸӦװá
ͼ嵮µĲǱģ¡ʵͼͳʵǸոճֵģֻǵһαְˡ
Զ̻֮󣬸ǶʼԲ飬ǽڴǰ߻սʿ
ڶ΢ǵ֧ԮܲҲû
Ϊͳķ֣ܲ˵Ǿȫڽ֧Ԯ
Լŵ³Ҳ˵֮⣬ܲ⽫Ҷɺͼλƽ֮˹ȷκ¶һʧ
˳ʬеΣҶزûԴУɫĹзɳ̼䣬սϵĸ߼ʧ˴롣
ϸŷֻҪǱɫĸ߼嶼ͬѩһ
ҶüһЩ߼ʬЩ̫ԡ
ôʱսгһЩ߼ʬ壬üԸụ̈취ȥŪͷ߼ʬ
üȻ⣬ȴûжԣ˵հˡ
³ǹʱ򣬾ͿںͳɱҶءƺżֻ߼֣
ڸʲô³Ӻʵ
Ϊ˼ʱԮǰ˵ǾȽͺҶ֮ǰûзǡ
ҶһеĶȴûͣļ⵶ԿǡȻ˲Ÿ淭ʲô
ʲô³ߣǰʵ
Ҷ򴽵Ŀǰȷ
ʱҶɺͼҲ˹
ôǼҶسʵ
󲿶ں档˶٣Ҷʵʲô
Ҷһԥµҷָ߼ʬЩԡ
ʲôԣҶʵ
Ҷûлش۾һڳһСĶҵˣ
ʲô³ü
Ҷȴǿѵռ֮һ
˼ѣ
³Ҷɶһۡ
ѱҲЩ⣬ȻȽӹҶصݹĶ֮ˡ
һռ䣿
Ҷ۾һ԰ɣܿĿռֶ𣿡
ѱ۾һ̣СɽһʯͻȻԱߡ
Ҷһ²ѵǸ߼Դģ
ʲôʱҲвˣ³Ҳһ
Ҷüȷǰû𣿡
³ҶûпڣȴûУ϶ûУҿԱ֤
ʲôҶɵ
³˼Ҷأʲô²𣿡
Щʯ˵Ҳܲµ͸ĸġҶ򴽵ûпܣĸҪµĸˣ
˵Ҷһ
ҶʵûǴĻôĸأ֪ĸ𣿡
ԣ˶Ĭˡ
ҶɵʵϣȻ㵽ĸټҲ㵽ѡҶĸ˽⣬֮١
-

761 Ĳ²

Ҷü֪ĸ棬ԭֻĸ𣿻˵
ȷֻһֻĸ𣿡
ǲֻܳĸģҶҲеݣϸҲ̫ǵˣ۾ǣ嶼ȺÿһȺֻһֻĸ档
ҶȴĿ͵ȷֻһȺ𣿡
ԣֹҶɣѻ³ˡ
ʲô˼Ҷɺ֪صһ
һԵ³˵ǡ;ͲһĴˡ
Ҷ̾˿ЩȷһţȰһ泱Ӧȥɡ
ҶüޱǺܵӦ𣿡
һᣬҲǰ״ŵģȻޱıֺǿԡ
࿴һᣬҪֻһۡҶ̾
Ҷһǰȥ
³ͼҲ׷׺ؿ˹ȥ
ûһᣬǾͿԾˡ
ҶѾսСʱˡٵˣҲپϵ֫
˵ȸʵˡ
ֵܽһʹм尾ɳκܡ
ҶҲˣģ󲿶аСʱܵˡ
˶٣ڵǸɫĹܸҵҲ𣿡
ʵϣ֮ƴʱˡ
ɫĹԱȵɫĹҪһҶɴսԸ߼泱Ҳұ֤һûС
֪ǱԼ˵Ĵڡ
ѡ˭ֻԸԼء
ҶûԥʹӦˣԡ
ֻҪôҶϢСҪ¡
Сʱʱ䣬ֻǺ̵ܶһʱ䣬ԴʱҶضȴǼ尾
ȵԮִҶæôҳˡ
ʵϣޱ㲻ǿ֮ĩҲԶˡȻһ϶ûʲôˣʵϣǵľ״̬Ѿ˼ޡ
ǿǣһսſˣȫ˼Լ
Ҷؿ첽ߵȸǰ̱ȥһ˲סһĵʵ㻹𣿡
ȸ߶ģˣҶصȴʶ¶һЦݣŶҺܰɣ
Ҷرͷܰر
⻰ȸƺһˣ΢
Ҷһ漴ЩЦá
һĻ³򴽣ﲻļˡ
ǸȸҶ÷
󣬳泱߰˰ˣޱϢòˣҲȥɨս
ΪҶصȽһ߼ʬʱǸСġ
̶֮ǰ͸߼ӣһƵĳʬ壬ͻϱȥøְߡ
ֻǣҲ֪ǲǳǷѾ֪¶ˣ֮ȴûٷ֮ǰּ档
£ҶصЩ֮ǰûṵ̈ٵˡ
û¡İգ³οµʵƷֵģߡЩʬҲһ񡣡
һΣȴǲûлԼľǣֱȥܲ
һܲѾкܶ˵ˣһǣͽӭ˽ȥ
߽ңһȺŰ״ӵоԱѾˡ
ǴϢѾˣЩ⻹ҪһǣϣλܹϡΪһλ˵꣬ż˾һ
Ҷæˣʲôʰɣһ֪޲Եġ
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ֹ߲һηɣеÿζóɡ
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ҶҡͷģҸûдЩˡվĸ߶ȣֻҪᣬĽ֧һ档
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˵ܹ󵽵Ķأ֮ӵС
ν򶾵ķţڴˡ
ͳһ֮ҲЩܹ鲻̫ã˽񶾡֮뵽κβõĴʣŵ϶Υ͡
ھǸȻãԼȻӰ졣
Ҷغ˵̸ʲôǸɭԱȻ֮ԷһͲĸǴα֮ж¶ûҶؿڣͽ˸ˡ
һ˽ȺȻ˳ɱƻ
¾ͷ·һƣص˦˵ϣ˵ְס
ǸҲμӰɡһ
̧ͷȥ˵ɽ֮λ𿴳һʵˣʵҲ
䣬ĳǲٿɽᰴء䣬ѾȥĲٿܸһ¥
Ҫ֪ǰսѾȥɽ֮ĳԸȻѡ
Ȼɽ֮֮ǰٳٲʵ⡣
ΪλǳĵС
˵ѪǾҪлƽ֮˵ǲʺġ
ɽֱ֮֮ˡ
ҶȴûȫȻͬ⣬ʵϣ֮ɽֻ֮ѡƽֱ֮֮ͳ֮
򶼱ܾˡ
Դˣ˶ȼˣҶȴԸԽԽõġ
Ȼ֪Ȼ֪һ£һˡ
ϾҶ˾ոΣҿ˵ǸѼϼܣʶȴЩ⡣
ҶüλȷҪɱƻļ˻ȥԼܲ㼯ʹ³һ뿪ˡ
ߵޱפأͿҶɵǶ
Ҷü֮
ҶҲûȦӣֱʵ֮ǰ˵ŸңܸҾ˵һ𣿡
ҶػȻ㲻ҲҪ㡣
Ƭ̺Ҷɵɴ۾һŵΪᱳԼ
Ϊ϶Ҷص壬»еҲס
ҶüûеɡʲôԣҲͳ˵ɡ
û˵ǵ塣ҶصֻǾãǴžˡ
˼ǡҶ۾
ҶؿһۣЦѾ뵽˲𡣡
-

768 Ȥ

Ҷɻ˺ܳʱƽ飬ãڵǻеǱߡ
ǱһⰲŵġҶص
Ҷͣûжʣת뿪ˡ
³ߺ󿪿ڵͻе壬ֻһ
Ҷص˽⣬ɲˡ
ȻҶصѾȥˣǳԶ˾ͻһ治Ķӡ
³΢΢üͻеǷŲܣȵˣǿܾҪܵˡ
֪Ҷ۾Ҷˣȳһ𣬾Ͱͻе嶼ǰߡ
ˣ¡Ȼڴ򲻹˵ûܾˡ³ü
ǲɱĽҶص汾࣬ͻеˡ
ԣǸ᲻˵Ĺ磬ҲԸȥĸͻе˶ԣġ
ѶʧԼĸ֮ǲʱԸĴڡ
壬ΪѾʺٴˡ
˵أ
˵ʵ³һЩ𺳵ģҶ۵׵ĹⲢرżȻĲпᣬǣȴᶨͬʯ
ȻȻΪͻеĴڲķչȻ󣬺ԥؽˡ
֪Ҷصľ̸֮࣬ѹ
˵ҲãⱲӵļˣҪ˵ҲûУҲֲ
˵ʱΪ磬ίʵ㲻ϳ졣
϶ԣҶЩӹÿ̹ˡ
Ȼ
ԥ£ǿڵû˵壬ںͳսг𣿡
Ͼӭսͱӭսӳʵǲһġ
һҶҲ뵽ˣ
ҡҡͷûг壬ࡢͻеǾάֲ˺ƽġкãǵںУҪԴǿ˵ûغϣǻе塭
ȺҪǷ⣬ֻҪ㹻ĽԴǾܲԴԴϵˡ
ɱ˵еûҰģʢĺĺ֪һּΪµĴڡ
˵Ҷ̲סڽµƽѵ֪еĵңжǺصģжǰߵľе˳ûץʵҵС𣿡
ʵϣеⷽ²٣ľųһܶжΪľǾԮЩˡ
ҶΪޱľųҲһλ֮ͭľԮ
˵ΪټŮԻƽ֮Ҳûٱеɧš
ͼ͵ȡ£ͷֹһˡõֶΡҶ˵ЩеĹģʵóֶοɲ١
뵽Լ˲ֹһҩˮҶصɫѿ
ɫҲ̫˵еɲֻȤ֮Ըల£ҲΪ֮ǰѾо߰˰ˡ
ȻʼշֻԱֻ˳㣬еǱ߸Ȥȴǲ٣Ĺϵֽ֮󣬻еΪѾֹһҪ䵥ץߡ
ҶǶȾĳˮȫǽĻеǿˡ
ԣĴǽеһ򾡣ʵ
Ҷص˵ͷȻ壬ҪѹһҲиϾɱıҪ
Ȼ˵оݣʵԸһҲǿϡ
ţЩжҪȥбȴһֻֽƿˡ
˵˵һδֻ㣬ɲ˺з֮§§ġ³ֻҶأһƵؿ
ҾͲµ㣡ǿվȣ۾С۵Ķʷ򣡡
³һԼûԾʲô˵ˡ
Ҫ˵³˭ӹǰˡ
ȻԷһֱûֻҶӦûǷ뷨ģеƤˣִܸ֪ġ
Ͳ
˸ͱӵԾһעͶҶ§§ģ
ƫƫҶҲ֪ôģҲ
Ҷؼ޸Լ³ʱ滳ϲ˰
Ҫ֪ǰûΪȴסǽ󣬰ΪҲûջ
Ҷ³ԴȻЩεؿаصİ
֮Ըݰһ֪ʵûж⣬ֻǶ̬
ֻʱ򣬰Ż͸ԵĻ;ƽ˿ܷˣȴܹġ
͸ģȤϢ
-

769 ˮ

λμӳɱƻĻƽ֮ߵúܽһ򲻺Ⱥ֮û⡣
ǽãֻǶָôԸ
֮飬˼ȻҲûʲôЧ໥֮˽ȴࡣ
죬ɱƻĲԱλҶؽԼĴ˵˳
˵꣬ܽҲ˵ֻҪס̶ΧĿռ䲻ܣֲ֮ľܣ֮óˣ֮֮¶ɽ֮֮س֮
֮ĳûκɱس֮ɽ֮ȴй֮޲
ڳ֮λڻƽ֮ǶҶ֮ǰľǾܻӭĸš
֮ĳķŷǳࡪսʿʼվ棬սöûƣУܵˣʵܵӰ졣
ȵȣôû˵Ҫôɱü
ȻԸʵҲĵˣܹɱļʵ̫ˡ
֮ͬҲԼĶҪѶҲܸߡ
ҶصǶԳ˽̫ˣֻܼⷽ£ʱ˶㾡ȫһɱ
ôɱԼȻûд㣬ֻȴû˵
һûȫİգ˵ˣ˽ϣŵϲһ¡
ĻشȻô⣬һ룬ַҶ˵Ҳȷʵʵ
ֻǡ
֮üͷڵ˼ֻǼԸ
ɽ֮Ҳһ֪μӣ
ô˵ʱѾη֮ɫֻѪëҪûţսʵʩչ
ǲμӣֻǲɱжϾ֮ʵ̫ˣҲԼȥҶؽ͵
֮˼Ҫǣס壬ҪǺͳսʱŵǣ
Ҷؿһۣˡ
⡣￪ڵûҪҵ
򵥡Ҷ۾նһ֡
ֱ̲ͣԼΪԭ򣬿ѾԷˡ
ԣ˻ûз³Ϳڵҷԣ
Ǽ侲ص˵˵ļƻ
Ҷؿ֮ռԴƶ𣿡мѵ£㱩¶ԼĿռ䡣
ѵ˵ͷҪ
Ҷصͷǳո˵ֻҪ΢ǻܲǴӦö̲ס
֮üȷ
ȷҶصֻһԲ𡣡
⻰˻淴ˡ
Ͼˣûãа취ҪԣҪȻ϶иŸġ
³ԭԣҶ˵ѿԸߣûˡ
ڳɱ֮սѡˮ
ˮһ򣬲ȴвΪ򣬶Ȼ
ҲˣˮҲͬûκԴԡ෴Ϊˮˮڶ࣬ˮеԪطḻһֱֳһЩˮ
ûԵѡҶҲѡΪս
³ľﲻˮ򣬵ֻе࣬ͲѡΪս
ҶسϵǺˮ˴˺ҪȥˮĽһ¡
ϾҶصֶˮõϣɲΥ͡
³ΪҶصɷȻڼѣǾ͸ˣû£Ϊӵпռ䷽泬ֱǻĲѡ
ҶصûüҲóɾ衣
Ȼϸһ룬Ļ̫ˣ̲ͣ˵׼ῴ壬Ӷ
ǰˮ;УԺܽš
ʵϣҶغ³Ҳܽţ³ᰴ಻סȵִˮж
ĻٲԸ޹ڳ϶εǰ£ҲòüѰԭƻռ䡣ĻڿռеһЩƽҪѡ
һˮҶؾ̲סһɳ
СģѴŽȵȴ֮𣬡ʲôڽӽռ䡭ռڲϱ˺ѣ
δ䣬ҶѾԥʵ֮䡣
ִ֮䣬ֻԼ߶ʩչˡ
Ȼһ̣Ǹһۿɼٶ𣬻˿ĳ
Ҷغ³ãϾ֮ǰȴ̲סһ
-

770 Ծ

Ȼ𾪣ѵĶһ˲䣬֮ռֳ֣ţԼٶռˮ
Ҷȴ̲סһ֮ǰüѹ̶ռ䣬ȴû뵽Էѡ֮ռΪý顣
ĻһͻƿռܣǼѾˡ
ԴˣȻĲֻҶһˣ³Ҳ¶ȡ
մ֮ռļҲھѵǸǾдŵǡ
ѵȱܣѳ˵
˵ˣҶҲû˵ʲôֻǵߣȥ
Ҫ֪Ϊֹǿɶû
Էʲôģһֱһš
Ҫ¶ˡ
Ҷǲ뷨Ҳ֪˳Σգ˻ǵȵҶضʩչʵ֮䣬˲ſʼж
˵ʵѵ֮ռ䣬˶ڳڣȷӦġ
Ȼ̶סһռ䣬ԳҲ뿪ռڣȴܹʹÿռƶѿ˵
˼ǣһֱڱλã֮ü
ѵͷԷĿռǿң˵֮ռҵ򣬵ܹ֪ռѹƷǳޣ
üһָоҪǿѹƶԷҵ֮ռ䷴
ԣ˲ɳһ
˼ǡü֮ռֲ̫ã
ѵͷˣԷһֱڶǡ
⡭ɽ֮һǡ
ҶصϵѣֱӰǼȴ͹ȥ
֮ռУѵȻҲܹʹÿռƶǺȻô
ЩԥȴʱΧʼһԵء
³ķӦ죬һ˲䣬εƴϣĲˣſľ
Ȼоܡ³Ծ
ҶؿΣ𣿡
³ҡҡͷã̶ֳһ춼û⡣ҲǲǶԷû
ԷҪסǵĽŲ֮ü
Ӧˡ֮ɫ̫á
ܷʤǰ˵ûᱻһ򾡣³£Ǿ͸ʵˡ
ϾǼҲǲ߾ġ
Ҷȴûԥ֮ûǴĻԾҲõģ
֮һ㶣˵ͷֵֻǳǱѰҲ֪ҵжЧ
ֻˡ˷ԣҶҧڵֻҪǽסӦþϾˡ
Ȼһգȴѡˡ
һ˶һۣͬˡ
ƶٶȺܿ죬Ȼ֮ռУѵƶٶȻҪʤ֮һġ
Ȼ˺ܶ󣬵ȴ̲סˡ
˵һֻӣ˵һˡ
Բڼ׿һñӣԼ¶ľϵƬǰ˵졣
ŴżӦǼΪˡ
ȻȻҪһЩУǵ˾֢Ҳܳʮס
ϵǣǣȻˡ
ߵѾյˡ
һҶصĿȴԹΧû壿
Ҫ
Ӳɡ˵ţҶֱ֣εض𣬲̼䣬㸲ˮ
˦ں󷽣֮һҲ
̫ȸ
һ̣ɫĹϷɳһһάϵϡ
ȻҲû⡣
ҶؿڣҲжˣͺһѾ˳ȥ
һɫĹâ䵽ϣǳ֮ˡ
֮Щʴӣȶû뵽Ȼһֻ嶼û͹ˡ
¸û֮ذ
ɽ֮һɫĽԼ۾ϡ
һ̣Χϣɫʯͬһų·Զƴ꣬ȥ
ɽ֮ΪѪһսϾҪ۾оרΪоȵǣˡ
֮ǰǾԤ⵽ʵǿȻ
޷֮رһȭҽ˵˵ɫѿ
й޸Ѿˡ
֮±̲סһ
ҶüҫĿĹâ֦ϵĹʵ˸ɫâһɫĹâ䵽ϡ
ЩԾصͷ
ΪͳߣƿؼΪȷ
ˣûг֣ҲܹоӿԴԴϵ
-

771 ֮

һͳ壬һȭЮƿ֮˳ϡ
û⣬Ȼû뵽ǣ֮ǰȭͷϻʹȴһǳӡ
״۾һŲ֮䣬һŶųȥڴͬʱгһǴ
ǴԴĿоܴǿĳ֮ԲǴǽ֮ˣʵԽԽǿǴս־ܻ𼸿ԼкãĶͨսʿȴɾ޴в
Ȼͷȴǹ˲Щˡ
Ǵ˵ǶôΪʹ񵶽ôУһžˣˣġ
ȻƽƽǴȴˡ
ĶȲ󣬵Ǵÿһ£ȴͬʹóѿһ϶
״һԵ֮ˣ쵵ĺָɳƺϵ˿ڵ˻ۣ䵽βʳ
һģЩͻӰȻƬ̣Щٴγˡ
ʱһһţȴǽ˼룬ʼŷ϶ȥ
ֱְǿıƤһ˺һ̣һž޴Ƥ˺
ľǣ˺ǲƤ֮¶ȴѪһõ塣
Ҷ̲סһ
Ǹһɽ̲֮ס
һ֮ɫصҿû˵Ƥ֮֮ǰָܹܵ
ۼžôһĹ֮ǰŬ׷ˣ˵ɫÿ
µǣ֮ǰǷû꣬ͼһãȻһֻֻֻ
գ۵Ĺ˱һĸѪĶˡ
ʱһȴΪĿ
ˣɽ֮һϲ˵ɫȴ㲻Ϻá
ΪǺ¸޷Գв
һãЩܱãΪвǵĳ롣
ΨһɫȽƽģֻҶˣĿʹǶϡ
΢ɲص˵ͷҶر˱ۣ׻˾
ɫOO@@̧ͷȥͼ֪ʱ֦ͷϿһһС
ЩСкɫлɫģɫİɫĺɫɫġ
ܿ죬ЩСͽϸСĹʵȻһâ˳
Щâ·ʶһ㣬ѡһˣʵ䵽Ҷ֮С
ǡһɻ
³ԥؽ͸Ĺʵȥڽ͵еĹʵҶصʵܹʮ˵ʵԷ
ԣӦĺԥ㽫еĹʵȥӦҲһ֮ͬѡ
ЧǵȻµܻк֢ʱѾ˼Щˡ
ʵЧͼӰǴǡ
֮ˣ˼ŷӦæʼҿس
ޱʵͼΪǿʮ֮󣬲˵ˣǶһȭڳϴһ
Ϊģ˫ȭѵ֣ʼڽڰˡ
ãˣɫһףں
ҶĿһѪɫĹϷɳ˲Ϣ֮佫Լ
Ҫ֮ѣȻܿ죬ͷɫǸ
ҶصɫҲ̫ãΪ֣ϱӵЩ鲻ͬʵǲ̫
飬ͽ֮ˡ
ȻỻҶطֻ˲ٷ֮һ
֮Ҷصɫѿ
ǡʱһֻԴͻȻһѴѵãҪ
³ǰһһ̺ɫγɣ̼㻯硣
һųϮȥ
ֵһ̣ǸԴը˿
ҶشҼӴ󹥻ҿû취һֱסǣ
ʱһֻ״忪ʼͣȻҪˡ
һΣȴȸȥ
Ҷһȸ
ȸȴǸû˶˵˳ϣĿİ׹ϸ֡
ʲôȴʼϳ˿ڡ
ǽɫһֱڶƣѾû
һֱ˽һӲŽüѸǰȸ˻
Ҳź֪ӦոֻҪԱ
ҺȸȽϿ죬˻治һֹԱ
ȻϿǻʣֻ˭֪ǻʲôУ
ҶزŷֳԱ֮ˣȴǸˡ
-

772 Ӣ۵ҡ

Ҷ뵽ģҲ뵽ˡ
ȴʱͼһֻʼ͸ԼҪС
ʶȻϵǣЩ̫ûЧ·Ǳһ㡣
ߣȴʱ춹ž̵
Ҷ̧ͷȥͼ߻һ޴ɫߡΪʵ˿ԶκһζҪĿнʮףθˮͰô֡
ʲô
ۼŲ߶ųȥҶأޱ̲סЩš
ȻٻţֻŲŴͣһ̬ȥ
С²ܴͬ󣬵Ҫǰ£׻Ƿ˲
µһ̣ҫ۵Ĺ͸壬̼֧顣
޴ΪʹڵϲϵشΪ޴Σʯ
ߣ
ߣ

ͬǵǵϴƹܵĹâϡ
ȵʧѾһϢˡ
Ψһҵǣš
˽͵󷽺ȸһ
һ̣˵Ŀⶼ䵽սϽʣֻϡ
Ҷؿߵ³ҡ
³һ˼ֽһ𣬻һâϣһ̣һɫĹ˳
ƽ֮֮ǰûгֹҲˣû֪ʲô
ܹԼĳȾ׽ˣϣбȷ޸׽Ĺϵ
ˣҶʵ³³Ҳ
ƽ֮1+1=2ô򵥡
ɫĹֱֱز˳Դ
Ȼһ̣µһĻˡ
ûԤ׵سԴ
һ̣˶סˣǸûģȻ֪Ϊʲôȴʲô
ǡģ
֪˶ãһŲŵ
ƺΪعˣһ׷׺
ģ
ˣ

˻ʱҶȴЩǵط³ʵ³û°ɣ
³ҡͷϢһ¾ͺá
˵赭дҶȴ֪ûôɡ
ģֻԷ˿̵ϵ֪ľĵ
ɫЧкܶ೸⣬ǾžԵƣײܶá
屾ó˵ǳˡ
³Ļʮ־ˡ
һսΪҶصûˣȻ˵ľȴƣ˼¡
ȵܲҶذ˰ֵڶȻȥϢԵ˵
Զһ
ڶ죬ҶظմӷͿ˳Ⱥȸˡ
Ŷǲȸص
Ҷز¶Ź֣ѲɵڲŷӦ
û뵽ǣĻȸȴͻȻ
ôˣҶһ֣ȸǺ춹ǣҲһ
ǡˡһ߲һߵŶ˵ǽΰҵˡ
ԭֻXľ񣬱˿ĪԩӲдϣδһϣ
Ȼڣȴպյޱ
죬˳ΪӢۡ
䣬ޱĹͲ
ҶһȴͻȻ˴ҵΪʲôôʱЩлԣӢۡ
˱ĵǣΪӢۡ
֮󣬽ҶضԾǰͰˡ
ͻеǰսȻǺͳĴս
һΣҶؿνѪΪ˱־սμÿһսĴʹþѪݽߣ󷽻ԴԴϵѪ롣
ڽڰˣȴ硣
ⳡս˶ʮ꣬еĳͻе岻ͬ࣬ȴ߰˰ˡ
廹ϢеȴҶص±ȫˡ
ﻹû꣬ҶֿЩĳ塣
Ȼĵϱ˹ǿȻȴܱ֤ԺһֱǿɲԼٳв
ˣܳ㵽ĸ깣Ҫһһҳ
ˣǰʮʱȥϱ˹ȫԱ˶Ͷ뵽սϡ
˰ٶʱ䣬ϱ˹ӭĺƽ
ıʶ֪ʱһúΰޱߵҶشޱʽˣʱţ𽥳Ϊ˿еĴ档
XΪ˽ڳ޵Ĵڣ֮ǧУһһӢΪ
ЦӢ۵ҡ
-

773 

ŮЩ̫ԡ
ʵϴδСЩˣֻҶʡ
ȻһΣԷ쳣ȴ޷ٱֳĬˡ
˵ʲôŮһš
ҪȥҸŮ񡣡
Ů۾ȷҪҸŮ񣿾Ͳ¡
ʲôȴǴĻ֮ŮҲ⡣
ǡʲôŮЩսսʵ
ȻЦЩҪء
ŮʣȻ˫ƽ͵۾ȴһ仰Ҳʲˡ
һ£˰֮ǰ
Ҳû뵽ŮȻڰ֮ߣҲ˼ˡ
ŮŵɫףȴɫضſڵλŮ񣬰ͨһ
Ρĵϣһģһ˰壬ֵһۣһ˵Ժ򡣡
ŮΪһλǰһ˸ߣֻװǻȥȴԻᷢйһ
ʱ򣬵ùľˡ
Ȼֻһ࣬ûκȻԷҪʱ治ҷǡǿŰıӻ԰֮û׷飬ǰֲܡ³Ͳ̫ˡ
ȻϵǣٴγֵȴһŹֵǿԽȥˡ
ûпڣŮҡͷŲӵǸҾͲȥˡ
ɲ뱻ָˡ
Ҳ⣬̧ſ
ھϢʵİǰϢǷԸһš
һȣ޴ҪԷǶŵϴԼûϢǶţԷ֮ԲΪΪ
ȻҶ֮ͻȻͨˡ
šκܹġ
żֻߵҲ졣
ȴǲ֪˼ް˵ء
ðιǸģްʵ
װɵɣ˼һ۵ɲǰǸ˵ɵˣҪһ㶼ûҲҪء
ްЦȻ֪Щ˭ģҸҿ϶Ʊһа񡣡
ۣ֮²鶼뾡취ֶλôҼ˵ģҲֻаˡ
˼һ۵ͲϧаҲһϵаɡҶһϾɱԷ㲻ҲҪ˽ǡ
ްЦһҿɻûмʳ̶ֳȡ
˼Ҳôһʣľްϡôһа
ʱ˵ĶԻѾͣˡ
ҲϻֱӿʵʵңҶءʲôˣ
ԣ˼ްȴһ
ǲµʶʲôȴû뵽ԷȻ뵽
Ҫûҡ۾ǻˣʲô㣬һᾡȫϺȵġ
Ҫԭ⻰˼ް϶᲻Ϊ⡣
Ͼ˴ԸϺִ˲ƣ
Ȼڡ
ֻҶص̬ȣǶͲôȷˡ
ʵϣҲֻһЩ²⡣˼ԥһµ
Ǿ˵˵ǵĲ²⡣
˼Щԥˣɿ
ްΪΪǵͬ
˼һʼûףȻһת֪ްΪʲôô˵ˡ
Ҫ˵޵˭ǿ϶ǳȻףǳֻǺŴļ֡
ȴְ
ܰڴһǰ϶⡣
һ룬˼˵ʵûв´ҶӦ֮۵֮ˡ
֮ˣ̫ס
˼Сǲ²ΪƴĴڡ
аڳ⻰Ҳ˵ġ
ϾжŴıӻǣҲҪӵġ
ֳͲõıˡ
˵ģɴ۾
Ҳû뵽õһ𰸡
ɲҪ͸¶ȥ˼ҶûȫɳҪڱ¶֪϶ҪС
˼Ƭ̺ʵ£ʲôطܰæ𣿡
ް͸˼û
ȷ޴ܸ£ĺ⡣
˵¹Ҷˡ
˼ЩȣһֱҶһС͸ˣܼСֵļʡ
ȻҲܷǿϷ
ֻ⻰ȴ˵ˡ
ԣûԥʹӦˣɣֻС¡ʹȥҶصġ
ܾãߣκ鶼ܱøȤǧٿףҵ޹⣬ҲմȾá
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774 ɭ

С꣬ɭѩһЩ©ˮɡҴһصңƿź裬𣿡
ɭͦŴӴ߳ɣϴżƣͲ͵ôûȥѵӪ
ɭѩЦЦֲǲ֪ʲôӡ
ɭüæѾͷأ¡
ԣɭѩʲôû˵ֻǰɡҵһߵĴߣӵæʲôЪһɡ
ҰˮˡɭԲûоܾͲСˣһ̥ۣƫƫĻٲˡ
ûþͣˣһŲɤ洫
裬㣬Ҵʲôöˣ
δ䣬һ˽
˵ŬǵƤף̫ǼеȻǰɫСȴǺÿˣèƯֻ飬ɫŲҰԣüۺͱµ޿ޣСɵԺ촽ԸֿɰټһͷŨȴɿ黨ǳɫͷ˾ͷ԰ַΥ͵ؽһ÷ȻĽ
ȻɭȴһҲ˲üͷʵָʲôȥˣ
ɭѩ̽ͷЩǵؿãС
˵Ҳ֣ǼҵòɭģȴҲǿٵͷһ
ɭƿ߳ȥͿſڷһֻСľͰζ
ĸͷСĿһʮ
ɭԭ뷨Ĵ㣬̲ס¶ϲɫ
ô㣬һ³Ըˡ
Ȼܿ죬Ǿͻعˣɭǲȥɽˣ
ŬǵѾ˼£еũͷģ˶ʮСʱܣҲȥ͵㡣
֮⣬ΨһܹץģֻɽϪˮˡ
ֻЩġ
ǣŬǵȱʳҰЩҰ˾ã˵ˡ
ɽܹ֮Ҵ棬̫ΣˣѰսʿ롣
ңҲǲȱ첲ȱȵس𣿡ɭЩͷ
Ѿͷɭŭôõս츳ΪʲôԸȥѵӪ
˵˵žϵصˣɭҲҶ̲ס̾һ
ϽʰˣҪȻ͸ϲˡô㣬죬ûлóԵġɭתƻ
ɭݺݵһۣ˿ɫ治ˣ᲻㣬ľͰȥˡ
ˣľͰǰǼҵģȻᰢ˻ȥɭһ£ѵ
֪֪ˡɭû
ɭһͥӦ˵˷ֳȥСڣŬǼû˿ʮ˵ļͥ
Ϊ˸ûбеĹһԷ޽֮󣬾ͻ᲻ϵػвϵӡ
Ⱳӵİɭᶼʮˣﻹһ
Ŭ˵ƽ150꣬ŮԵҲȽϸߡ
ɭⱲڼеʮģʮһ㣬ĸܵһãﻹһСʮ
14꣬ĸ41꣬Сò3ꡣ
Ȼôֵܽãʵϣɭȫġ
ʵϣ˽ּҳȥĶ硢ĸ硢硢˸;Ÿ磬硢硢硢߸硢ʮʮһ綼ˡ
ǵģˡ
ûʲôᣬ˿
ʵϣֱڣɭҲ޷Ϸ˿
׵ǣΪūΪͲɵ˲֮֮ͣΪҫΨһͷصĻᡣ
ôЦ
ŬǣǼʹϵūǡĺ꿪ʼͻѵӪܳΪһսʿѵȵʮʱվЩǼүǰѡ
õˣȻˮǴߣܵõʽǼ֤ΪߵһԱһ㣬ūΪλߡ
ˣŬǵ˶᲻ӣһܻôıꡣǶŮТ˳ԺʱؼЩǮͶǸһӲˡ
˴Ϊһ¡
ȻҶȴ޷ͬɥʧȨһϺɶеΪ
Ŭǵټ࣬Ϊ嶷׽Լ귷
һʼ֪ʱȥѵӪȥúڣ֪֮ͺȥˡ
ɫһ֮ɭܿʹɻĶǻˡ
ڼĺ16ʮɭɽʮɭҶʮɭʯ12˫ֵ̥ڲȥѵӪʱҲȥæɻ
ɭѵӪĿΣҲµء
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775 

ɭǸĬˣֺֻ֪ܳͷɻ¶ϱ͵ũ
ˣһĺ㣬ɭ̲סһ㶣Щϲô㣿
Ȼ׽ˡҶضһ뷹һҲǫһ˭ѰԵģ
ѵӪ̵ʵֹսСʱҲѧĻ֪ʶǵ㵽ֹǲäͨǼͨ־ˡ֮Ŀγ̣ҪսȻǹһЩҳΪ˼룬żҲΪȤ츳ѧһЩ⼼ա
ҲΪˣѵӪĺӣ඼һһ۵ģһ㶼ûԼĸԡ
ɭֵܽÿɱԣѵӪĽĻŲɣٳŵ
ɭһżź۾ĶŮ³Էɡ
ȵɭһ˵һʮ˵ĿӶ˺㡣
ɭĶ죬ǰһ鲻С⡣
ɭһۣÿԵĵǶǰ档
Ҷظ飬㱾ץģҾǲûԹˣҲûл˵
˵ԭâӣȻһֵܽڶĴͥôϵˣҲѧ¡
һԸĸȴʮӣע˸ĸĹעֵܷÿһϣԺҲֺܶԡ
ɭһʼⷽ˺ܶΪвٶӻС£ʱֵ֮ܽìܣٶҲûãĸԶֻȿ޵еǸΪӶ࣬ЩëƤ飬ֻͼʡ£ԭɾͶ˶Դ
ٴ꣬ԼҪһø
һǴһɭ·ͻԼķ䡣
ɭѩǹһģСɭΪ꣬Ǹĸ˯һġ
ɭѩڳɭϴŻģɭûͷһſڴϴ˯ʱεʱҲﰢɵ14ˣҶͰʯ12Ѿµظɻˡ
ҪɭҲܾҲò˺á
СʱҲɹһʱ䣬չ˵ܵܣԼ·ʰ䣬Ȼܿ죬ͷɭͿЩ
Ϊ̫ˣɭҲɭҲã˶ĹעĸӸ¹ɣҲȥƫĸӣǵ̫ˣΨһעҲǺѵӪı֣Ϊǹϵǳܱܲȥ
ɭʱúܺЦɭɭϣŮܹȥΪܹõһǮ
һ֡١ΪȻȴΪԼΪ˺ӺãΪǵĽܹͷء
ö˲ᱻ˸߿һֻۣᱻΪȻ
ɭɭѩһ۵ҲɵÿﰢôȴֻѺò˷ŵͰǰʲôóԵҲֻŲظͰģ˵ͼʲô
ΪͰĵ츳áɭѩ
ɭڰֺͰֻҪ츳ã͵ֹС㿴ʮ绹аҶʯɵٶʲôãְ軹ǿǡ
ֵܽõĹϵ㲻ϺãҪ˵ҲǣֻǣǴżĮġ
Ϊ۲ͬɭԾǴҲⱻϴԣƽʱܶԶԶҲûǾˡ
˵ģֻͷ͸ڼҲɻֵܽþû
ǣֻбߣгϢɭѩڶ£û츳ĻܱߣЧھӣȵܹ˾ܹūʱ򣬾һˡ
Ҷɫӣܶʱֵܽãȴ˵ˡ
Ϊʵǲ֪Ϊ˵ĸƷһɱ£ҲҪˡ
ֻѡĵ·ͬѡ
ȻǶԣǰĵ·ֻһ
ǡûѡ
ɭѩȴǿɭ츳ôãҪӿˣѲ㻹ŬǴһӣ㿴裬ԺҪ𣿡
Ҳμѡɭ
νѡʵǳվǼүǵǰѡ
ȻŬ˶űߣҲûй涨˶Ҫμѡ
ɭѩԶˣ˵ʲôôܲμѡ
Ҫ֪Ŭǵ˳֮󶼻μѡһЩ֪Լ츳̫ѵӪˣҲڳ֮Žȥԡ
μӡɭָԼҴֻǸƿЩūҲߡӦòµһ䵽³ɣ
Ҳǻᣬ裬һ̣˵׼͡
Ļڴɭеı֮ɭѩ˵ˡ
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776 ̲ס

һɭɭѩ̸Բɢսˡ
һ˯Ҷϴóȥ緹
ɭ磬Ѿպ緹ɭҪȥʢ緹ɭæԼ
˵ţʢһ벻ϡҲɵĻࡣ
Ҫɭʢ϶һûмסǵŮ̫೤ڲμѡʱ׷ƯȴȥѵӪʹɭ᲻ôʳ
ɭƲƲ죬㾫֡
ŬǵҪ˵Ŀ࣬һ¶ܳԵһλȡɭֻûпൽǵز
Ҷصʱ򣬵ʱиʱڣɱڵӲҶˣԲ⻹С£Ҫ
ɭܳԱģִԱȣž൱ڰ˾ʮӡ
ǿ˵㣬Ҳǹȥ
ɭпռ䣬ʵ治ȱʲô֮ƽҪ棬һǲԿҲԼԵɫȴû˻ɡ
ڣɭΪ͵͵Զʳء
˲ʮӽһȵɭҪȥͿɭ߽
ֻԷƽʱͬʯһ̳Ĭ亹Żš
֣ôˣʲôˣɭʵ
ɭһɭÿ춼磬̫ûȥСʱĻȻٻ緹
ʱ䣬ȴǾһСʱ
ɭҲ̧֣ͷ˹ҵģôôˣ
ɭƺûǵĻſڽãͬʧ˻һ㿪ڵﳤҹȥһˡ
ԣɭʱˣѵǽķֲۼˣ
Ŭǵ˶Ϊ̸ʲôϵΨһҲеĹԱﳤˡ
ﳤƾٳҵģϣԲһھͻһλﳤȻҲﳤ󣬵󲻻Բʮ
ɭȴһҪֻǷֲԼǻС£¾¡
һɭҲ뵽ˣ򴽣ȴ˲õԤС
㣬ûгţ˼
ûȣҵĽŲԶԶ
ɭһ⣬ƿ߳ȥͿһȺ߸
ɭɭ˷ţɭ޵ᣬΧ˶Ȱ˵ʲô
󡭡
Ǳ̧ŵĵܣɭϵı鶼ʧˡ
һ˵˼ſڣޱվŵɭһȺ˶һ
ǰ
ɭǸܣʵʮ绹ʮһ磿
ʮɭһŮˣȻڣȻ۾˶ܹԷʵӦǿ
ʮһɭף츳ڣѵӪҲΪŬȴЩѱż˶ǾӸ£ƫƫֲǸ۵ˡһλ߹٣ǲòȻɭȴһֱǸӣҪǱ߻ã˽ˣ³á
ǰЩĸ磬Ͷɭܶ࣬˽ⲻ࣬Բۡ
ǰסһλЩ̵ȥʮһɡ
Ѿˣɭǰƿ˵ϵİײ
ɭȥ걻ߵģ19꣬Ӣӻż
ֵܽУɭǰϲϾϲǱбۿ
Ҳǵãһɽʱ䣬Ψʮһ粻˼˷Խɽ
ʱ˿̣͸ŰͲмƽˣ˫·ʱʱ̶̿͸űĵ۾Ҳš
ﳤô˵ġãʵ
ɭ˶ľģɭһ߿һߵﳤ˵ܹһжĲ衣
ɭĻɭľѾ͸ɭ׵彫һ顣
ƨ̣ɭ׻̲ס˴ֿڡ
˶ˡ
ɭ˿ޣһŮЩãȻЩµ
ŮϻЩ˽ġ⺢˵ֿڣʱ˵ţһ㶼ļͥĺӡ
ɭ̧ͷʮһĴԶƻˣǱɱģ
ĻڳãȻ
ľѾܹˣǡľѾﵽʮˣ̲סʵ
Ҷȴǿɭ̲סҵ͸˵ʮһӣǾӣ˭ûк³ô˵ģ˵˿ܻĵġ
ڵǳ˿ǵǿûлİ
û˵˺ܶ飬ūʲôó·Լбһ޴顣
Ϊʲô
ǾõѣʮһҲ
ɭ֪Լ˵Щ˵Ļ֪˵Ҳûá
ǡ̲ס
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777 ʵ

ŮĻɭ˶סˣһֱľȻ㶵ɭȴǷӦҲһ˦˹
ɭȻܱ򣬲ˣץסɭ֡
㡭ɭ㶵ؿĿŮ
ɭ˦֣ת뿪ˡ
֮ŭûԭġ
ôֵܽУҪ˵˵˭ıе뷨Ǳضɭס
ֹһΣԷΪĻҡ
ȻÿһΣɭײŸոе㶯ҡͻΪ˵Ļٴ
ɭ׺ֵܽһᶨƵͬɭɭһףɭ
ȻɭǲһģţڳΪ˵ūǴִġ
ӼȥɭҲûطȥȥɽ
ŬǺܶɽѾ˹ˣʣµЩǼΪΣյģɭȥľɽ
ɭͷȥɽɽҰ޶ϵζҲ֪ǣ˶ߡ
ιɭûȥץһøһ׳֦
һֱڣɭûжȥ
ǸΨһһΪɽҲˡ
ɭҷĺӶ࣬ȥȥģȥɼҵҲ˵ЩȥĺӣҲûϢȷ֤ʬ廹ͻģȴֻɭһ
ˣɭɭܵĴν
Ƕûʲô˼ȥɭ
ɭѩյģһֱ̽ͷȴʼûܿҪӰ
裬ûлɭѩԥ£ǿѵ
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ڶŮ֮ͣǰ²⣬ǵ֪ľʮˡ֪һ˵ȼ;ȼ̫ࡣˣһҲΪŮġ
ҲΪ֪ŮжɫԶѵӪĿܣŰٰ㿴˳ۡ
ɭɽ죬صҵʱɭ̬ȸƽʱһ͸֮ǰûзһ
ʮһʬأɭʵ
ɭ۾һ죬ڵ̫ȷŲסѾˡ
ŬûзĹ˵ģ󶼻ճɻң֮󡭡Щ˻ֱ׳Ҳ˻ᶪ
ɭ˵ͷûٶʾͽȥˡ
ɭѩڴ߷첹ֵǵ·СʮһĹǻңֻţ˵ɽȥ
˶٣˵ʮһĸԸһͷѹǻ߸ߵɽϣ˵ġ
ɭЩ⣬Ȼǻأ
ɭѩߣȥá
ȵȣսɭմɽȥɡ
ɭѩҪ˵ڻ粻õȵ죬̧ͷͿɭ׵˫ۡ
᲻ã
Ļ˻ȥɭѩ˳Ƶǰȥɡ
ɭÿɷص˵ͷ
ɭҵյ˼죬Ȼû죬ͱˡ
壬ҰָǼĶˣλһţﳤĶӱһ˽
ģͷԵɭ̧ͷ۾
ġԷ£һҪȥ˼Ͱ˰
һߣɭȲǰȥˣȷְֻ޴ȣϵıѾ˺εϲɫ
֮⣬ɭ˲ٲĿһӵ·ˡ
Щʳǹɭô⡣
ɭһֻʱ򣬾Ϳɭſڳ̣εϲɫ
üʲôˣ
ɭɫһЩڵ߸Ķˡ
߸簡
ɭ
˵ȥЩ磬߸Ӧǻõġ
ɭ츳ֵ㲻ϳڣٱȲɭףã˾ӴսūǻǸļ
˵֮ǰΪֺãԽУޣȵܹ˾ܹ˳ūˡ
ɭҲТ˳ڲվȽŸͿʼĶ
ҲΪɭɭᶨ˽Ůȥõĳ·뷨
ɭѩ˳һĵ߸粻Ķдţ˵ʱ
£ɭҲ̲סˣĶϡ棬Ϊūܻ֮ġȴίʵټ
ǿľȣɭѩЦӯӯ߸˵һλ߼٣ԷѾӦˡʱ򣬾ʱˡ
ȥһɭɭϵĽɭﻮһ˿̡
ʱǲȫ˲ûɭף
죬ǻһĵò跹˼ģ
ЩĶǼٵģ
ɭ̾˿ȴףֻǾãŵ˱ȥ˸Ҫ
˶ѡ
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778 ɭ

ΪɭİţɭϷƷ·һӱɢˡ
ɭͲȿɭûĻǾ͸ˡ
ɭɽжûʱʱҰҰãĴȴǺеġ
ʵϣɭҲǼһԣԲһֻ
ȻᣬȴֱĲ졣
öûˣɭҲٶɽ
ɭĻȶƹģһˣǱɭճ
ѵմȣСĳԵ춼ͣɭɭһȺӣЦ
ɭ˵ζ
ϣɭѩ˷ܼˣ˯ǰͶûͣ
߸ȻܹΪǼʽˡȵԺĺӳܹõʽĹݣð
ɭּҲ֪߸ʲôʱϣܿһ㣬кöҪ

߶߶˵ţɭʼղ˵ʵһ㲨ҲûС
ɭʮ꣬ǼѾʮ꣬þĶ֪ʵҲ١
һˣĹӦú˲ͬ
ǲ֪ĵܲɭɭ뷨ı䡣
ߣ̲˸̲
ɭҵķӲשʯ͵ģǺɭӡеɹŰǳ񣬾ס֪
øɭòʣһɽꡣ
Ϊɭ˵һʱһʱƲ죬ɭɭѾõĵµ׼
Ȼû뵽ǣºɭ͵ˡ
õﳤ֪ͨʱһǾϲǻҡ
ҵģǡǸôɭһʱãȻ
ɭûõȥﳤȥڵɭͻᵽϽźӻȥõ·
ԣɭɭʶԼϵ·
ҲʲôӣǴľԼ֯޲·ɫͨĻɫɫɵһҲм
ӵ·Ҳǲ࣬ûõȥ
Ͻȥ·ɭżӵ
Ȼƶٻѹ׵·ģûãɭʹһɫ֯ȹӳˣɭӷڿ۳Ŀӡ
СҲɭѩɭɽİ»Լõ·
߳ŵʱɭѩͻȻڵְ裬ûлء
ɭһ㶣漴׼ȥɽˣùԼġʱ򣬾͹˲ôˡ
ɭѩЩϧҲ֪߸ܹڼҴ죬Ҫֻһ죬ǰܾͼ߸ˡ
һȥﳤңﳤǰ˸ķɴۿڡ
ŬǵķɴۿڵȻǱģǼʸͶǮģĹԱҲǼʽ
Լ˰Сʱϳһɴ
ɴڸۿڽˡ
ɴŴ򿪣ɭɭ쳤ȥûãͿԼҶӡ
ǰվͷǸīɫװǸɭ̲סС
ɭͬ˷ܼˣҪڣվǰﳤһ۵˹Ļ˻ȥ
һ˺߽ܿﳤĵЦݣǰλͣƿﳤλкηԸԸҡ
˵㣬ȻÿʵͷҲֻܰǰźš
ɭļ磬ŰɡΪ׵ͷɭ
ɭȸɣȥϢɣٴŬǺúù䡣
˵ͷȥæǾͲˡ
ŬǵרŹ;סùݵģ̸ݻҲɾ
߹ɭɭ˷ܲѣֻǰǰһ仰˵
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Ҷ˸ĸΨһʶĵҲֻɭɽɭѩɭˣעһ
ŬǵֵܣΪŬǵĹأǻ뿪ƿһʱǸϲġ
ԣɭѩ˸ĸһۣȻȥɽˣ֪߸Ҳû취֪ͨ
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ѾͷɭüѾͷͲǸʡĵġ
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ũûˣɭδĶһЩԵĴģⲿֵķȴǷǳ󣬹кüǧ˵ЩԼԵģʲôǮǷ˵㹦򡣲ϸǲ٣һÿ·ǹġ
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ʱϯѾˣҲ֪˶Ų˴ߡ
ɭһǰ鿴һϵ˿ڹȻбˡ
ˣ
ϯⲻ̫𡣡
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790 

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ϯһΪ⣬ʲô
ɭɲֱɻȥ¸ҩ
ҪҶҾͲҽֱӸϼٷˣˣɭв
ٷĹЧҽֻ࣬ǰ߶Իߵжޣ߾ͲһˡٷͿĨȥʱģܿͻӲǣһȻж˿ڻָȴǼΪ
ϯ״ϼٷǾǶˡ
ԣϯɫһһʱҲӲˡ
ϯϵ˲ᣬͿĨҩǲģɭں﷭ҵ˼ˡ
ⶫ˵ȤƶСĻˣܹͨ˿˳ѪҺ壬ȻڶƬѪȥ
ֻֻΪãϯȻ˵أԭսѾȻмأҲˡ
˴ϯյڳɭϴһŵһԵϡ
ȻɭͿʼþϯյڲ
Ϊʮżʦϯյ弴ڲҲѾ˽ӽĳ̶ȣˣָҲҪҪãֻǡ
ɭûԷĴԵģȻ;֮ĹԶû취ԡ
ľˣü
ϯû뵽Ѿˣһֱһȵģ
ɭûж룬ֻǵҪΪ𣿡
ôһ˵ϯȴ
̧ͷȥԷȴֶԷǺѰôһ˵û̽˼
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ԥ£ϯʵ𣿡
ɭҲûж룬Ӧû̫༼ɰɣѵӪѧ
˶٣Ѳɻʲô߼ɣ
νƣʵ㹻ǿȻֶǿӲֱþ˿λǿǾֻ˼һһ㰲ˡ
Ͼͬ壬ܶ౾ܷӦǿƲ˵ġ
оƵʱ򣬻ߵľǺΣյġ
ϯӵǵûС
ԥԥǡԣ
˶٣̲סҾֻʮļҵľԺǿ
ⶫͬԵģе˾ȼͣǿе˾ȼߣȴǷ͡ΪߣȻǰ߸Σˡ
ƺ޹ǰߵĻͲ˵ˡ
ɭǳɣԣҪǲо˳ǲʦǼжô˲ãϾɭȻ˵˾ʦλȻҲ˶ѣģɭҲ
ǵŽоƵʱʾѡ
ɭϯյľ𣬵ľȴ̲סˡ
ϯյı֣Щҵģϵ߰ľ˿һΪ˻Բˡ
ȵ־
ʶ˿ܱԼԤϵĻҪ򵥣ɭӲˡ
ϯյľȷʵ˵ǳйԣɭֻ԰һ£˿ʹľ˳ˡ
ôһĹ򣬲ɭϯգᶼѾͷ亹
Σɭһʵ
ϯ۵׻Щʹ࣬ȴЦˡ
ɭ˵ͷľ˿̫ˣҪһκòףɡ
ԣϯֹ
ôˣɭһ⡣
ϯ̾˿ܵ˲ͬѰǷŲҲ᲻϶񻯣ΡѵĹ򣬵Ͱ׷ˡ
ɭһ㶣˼ǣľ˾ӣ
ϯյͷ
û¡ɭֽ׶ֻҪ֤񻯾ˣľӦҵľôȫ䱸Ҿ취־ɱȻٸгơ
ϯյȻ֪ԼҪôΣɭ˵һ޶Ȼ
СŴûƹ֪ҪĶپһġ
Ǽʹϣ֮ҪȥɾҪҪ
Щ飬õĻᣬʵڲŹ
С֪࣬˵þͲˡ
ˡ˵ԺúñһԷҪʲô߾ȫҲ쵽
˼ϣϯվװ̽
ﻹʲôˣ
ɭһ߲һߵиĸһ㣬滹ܵһá
˶٣ʮ磬һֱˣһֽŻˣҲһˡ
ˣϯһ
ɭߣǰʬ屻ͻˡ
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791 

ϯ˵ʲôζ
ϯң˵żҫСܵѵͼΪϸͯΨһļһһ
һֱĳԼûпֿԡ
һ޷ϵģΪֹԼӲ裬ҲӣЩҪ鹦ϯҡ
ΪŮٽϯյȻǽӴսūġ
ÿʿ㣬ͬžͻȥūǹսūǰ߿ȱ
ûܵ㹻ѵսūսܴܻΪڻҡ
⣬ΪܹУδҵͲòս±ɳ
Ĵͳϯ֮ΪѰȻȴǰٰζͷ
ΪһֱսūµױҲûսūĹϵɡ
Ͼ˵ͬģֻʩԼ׽ˡ
Ȼǰɭ͸
ﳤƯϺ⣬ʵҲû˵ƷĿǰҲʲô覴á
һ˶ҲԴսūһ֮Ϊߡ
һӴŬǣϯʵ
ɭҡͷôܣ
ҿ˼ƺμѡϯɻ
Ȼˣ˭Ҫ˵ūɭ°͵Ȼ߸˵ҵʵֻҪ߸ʽȳȥ˾ūһһ붼Ϊ˵ūǼʵĹذǶûа취Ҷˡ
۾ЩǼʵΰٺãһЩ֯ǵʲôġҵʱȫԳΪһǵҵʵӲ
ԣϯյһ
һʦȥǵ
ɾȻô΢
УҲͷԵ
ɭһ㶣һɻΪʲôսòǼʾɣǼʷͥ˵ǻ̽ǶԷô߰ʾܰ뷨Ǿ͸ˡ
Ȼǡϯæҵ˼ǣòǰ㡭ðա
ǵײʲôӪǼҲһ¡㲻ǲҪū𣿷ȥǵ
ҧҧҿ㲻õūͻǼʹݣԲȥǵ𣿡
ϯĥȻ鷳Ҳ鷳ѣϯңֻҪѹᱣ
ɭǾ͸Ҫ˵ˣֳɵľʦû˻ϸŵ
˼˼ϼʣܹвԼ
»治ʦԼѡ
ɭһɵս㣬㲻ǺŪҰɣҶ߸ˣºѣϾȫǼʵĹأ˵ˡ
ԥµ˵ʵ֮뵱ǵҲһЩԼĹǡ
ʲôǣϯ治ˡ
ɭü߸˵ūԵʣ˵ǻͷӵҲ츳ҵĻҴҳôû츳ҸõˣٶȸҲҾðɣģҲܳƵ츳ˡûʲôҰĵģ뿪Ŭǹһ̹ӣΨһֵҲǲūˡǣ⻰˵˼ҲһŰ˵׼;вˣΪǿʲôġ
԰ŵǵӦܰȫһЩ
üͷһֻ࣬ŷպ͸ɾ峺ȴû
ϯû뵽ССһȻô
⻰˵Ҳˣô˵
ҪǸҰģҲô˵
ģҶûôСϯյֻ֪һ֪λֵ֮زɲΪ츳һֻ۾ǽɫģһֻ۾ɫģΪᣬĸĸǲɻ뵽󣬲ŷֻɫ۾ȴйƻġһ˫н˿ĶᱻƻΪҲѣֻĵҰҲ
㰡츳ǿ󻹲˼ɵܣһǼΣյܡ
û˵ǣūǲһ˼ҪԼȥԼԼɲǰǻһˡ
һǼȻΪĳ츳˼
ɭ˿ȴ̲ס΢΢һ
ս㣬ʲôװʵ
ϯյ͸֮ǰ˵Ǹƻһľܣֻ֣ܳſӵе
ôû˵ɭ۾
ܱͲ·ߵĴײˡϯյģ󲿷ܶǿһ̶Ȳܼ
ˣΪֹҼҲָ֮
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⣬Ӧþܣʵ
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792 

ϯյаǿհ׵ġ
֮γһ㿴ԼֱۣЩɬûΣ
ɭգգִۣһΡ
ͼϯæס˿ڿˮˣ㻹𣿡
˵⻰ȴһʱû
ĸһ
ֲܰǴײˡ
ң˻ȴ֪ģⶫֻҪӵѪͳһΪʦ߾ʦ֮󣬶ٶἤܣȻ
֪֣ܽθ˴һ˿Цõļܡ
ΪܴûʲôôǼʶȺķʧ
Ȼɭܿɲһ
Ȼûκιԣ
ǼȻо˸ҽƻˣҩķչҲǽȣȻҲԴﲻɭ̶ֳȡ
Ǳ֪ɭһʦұ֤ʮУɭԻǼʷͷ
ɭԽ㣬ԼõĳͷԽС˵áάֺͶԷ߲꣬㻹úԼ˵ء
ϯһ˼ǣȴ̲סʵʲôʱеģ
Ӧİɡɭ°͵ԭΪҶеأ˭֪
Щʧ̾˿˶٣ֵҲ֪ϵūǳټʵҲΪܡ
ΪĴڣҺ֪Լͱǲͬģһǳǳˡ
ң˭ʸΪҵˣ˭ʸһأ
Ůżżֽ˵һϯȴ˵ɰ
Сһ̫ԼˣҲǣԸҲǣ񡭡
뵽ǸŮϯ̲ס̾˿
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£ϯҲ룬ҪɭûôڣΪŮҲûʲôƫƫô㣬㵽ŮȲ˵ͬͬ⣬ͬ⣬ôˣϯҾҪϲɵˡ
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ս㡭֮ǰ˵ģһǼʹʸ񣿡ɭʵ
ϯյͷȻӲŮ֪ͣῴĿ˼֣ء
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Ȼϯյ˵Ļڵġ
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һǹˬʵӣĵµ׸ɲԼͣûɭԼҲڻһЩȻ֪ˣɭľԼһһˡ
ӵ֮ǰƭ㣬ҪٸҲûйϵǼʹݵ£ȴǿ϶㶨ġ
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һʱ䣬ϯյĿ˼ϵЦ⡣
սİɣҶӦˣͲᷴڡҪڣɭסֵҲ㣬ҵܲ˺ЧԾϵҲЧԣԵľʦҪеĹǣҶԸ¶
ģϯһɡ
ġɭЦҸұ֤Ҹ֮ȼԲή
˵ĵѵӣϯչˡ
ϣɭ֮ǰһϯղҩ
ˣϯտſʵ˵㲻ȥ𣿡
һʼΪɭؼҽΪ̫˲ƶ񾭹ԷƣԼѾ࣬˵ܹƶˣȴʼûб¶ⷽ˼
ɭҪһϵκõģϯûͬ⣬˵ɭǼʵĸ̫ǳǲҪ籩¶Ϊá
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ϯգգ۾Ǿһֱ
ʲô𣿡ɭü
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ҼáɭôҺɾ࣬Ҽҵء
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793 ͸¶

ңҼķޣǸҰͬסһģȥ˸ûеطסɭ˵ˣﳤҲᰲססùȥ
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ϯյͷ
ĻǴһȥϢסɭ
ϯղ֪ūǾȻϾǰȻҲʾ˲սūƻʵжԼȴǴûеūǡ
ߵɡ
ɽĺöʵ٣֮ɭɽ˼гƬɹ˵ʱݲȣӵۣζ϶
ϯںпɭæѾԻˣɭ֣ϧϴʻɲãɭòУֻһ߿š
ɹˣۿԽԽȵʱɭַҰֺСѣôζأû취Եģû⣬ɭϼ̳ơ
ֶŬһݳƷһֻиԣ˼ҲʳơɭҲе񫣬ȻʳƵĵزҰľζȻЩɭҲ
ѾƷ̳ɭ
ѾʮûؼˣһֻӴͻȥüﳢʡ
սʲôҪģҿܸܲŪ֮ǰɭ
ϯЩŪʳ׺涼ɡ
ʱɭûпɽ˲٣ˮҰ˻Ҳ࣬ǳ˿ͷ죬һֱûгʳ
˵̵ʱҲԹٿ࣬Ӫ¡
ɭһ㶣漴˵ҲȥŪ
Сϯ̾˿ܸҴ˫ЬЬС
Ь̫ˡս˵ʱǱ߻죬ȻŬǣȴѾǳˡ
Ьɭ̧̧ʵ𣿡
ϯյͷȥɭϵЬòģּ򵥣ȻϣҲ֪ûѡ񣬵˵ͷɡ
ɭҵʱɭдҵӻĶ㣬ʱЦˣ
СѾͷ̰Եʱ򣬿ôһֻӣ۾ˡ
ɭɭеӣҲ¶Цݡ
ãǰ˰һȹָġɭĵص
ɭһȥֵУɭȻǻõģֵȻ٣żҲİ
ȻҲгȥѶģ޷֡ԼòҲĸֵܽá˼ҲٺūϵԼѾˣֻʬûбͻ
Դˣ֪ȴᡣ
ɭһǰдŵʱлл硣
ӡУһͻĵ㶫Ȼû߸ĵôãҲǷġ
ӡһΣǴһޱɭҵһοôôůıӣɭǻỹСǼΨŮⴲɭѩˡ
Ǻ֪ⴲޱԭǴԼķ˻ԼǮȥ˱˵޻ǡ
ɭʱ֪ʱ򣬵һӦǡĴɵӣ
˵ʵɭɭΪĸ㲻϶ϸ񣬵ȻҲ㲻ϲϸֻǼǶֶ࣬Ǻѷ̫˼ĳϡ
ȻɭǼһӣɭɭӦһԣɭʱѾڼˣίʵ֪ڼõĴҲ
ɭָɭȹóô˵أȹӵͦãᱡǻɫٻɫͲɫƴͼŵǲɾԸʺƤŮ
ɭǳҵǣⱲȻ㲻ϺڣɫƤɫ޵ȹӣԻԺڡ
̾˿ȷ¹ɣҳɽȹӲʺϡ
ɭûôõ·ȷʵ㴩ɽ̣ˡҪ˵͸ôȹȥμѡ
һ˵һ̽ؿɭ뿴ԼŮûиı⡣
ɭü裬˵ٱˣҵٹܣ
ʲôɭʮˣȲμѡҲҸ󣡡
ҪҶ⣿ɭ˸ۡ
ңɭҲ͵
ͶԴŮ֪ͬŮͣԴûӡˣҸʱǾܾġ
üͷ壬ɭ̾˿ɭſдҵﲢûˣɭԼķ䡣
裬Ҹ˵ģҺܿ뿪Ŭˡɭ
ɭ۾ɴˣ㲻ǻң
ǡɭȻȥϹ˵Ͳһˡ
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794 뿪

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ˣȴѾۺᣬһϲģˡ
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ϸΪĵ֣ʮĶصҲϲ٣˵һͶ԰׷Ҳġ׵ļ۸ҲߵģѴ붼ֻʣһСԼԡ
ȻڸвڰԿڸȴûʲôӰ졣
ҪŮ뿪ŬҪɭġ
ɭһ㶣ʲô˼
㲻סɭҪˣ˵þҪˡ
ô˵𣿡ɭˣκιŮһۣҲûޣ׻ǰƢС̽ʵ㻹֮ǰһϸ˵ū
ɭͷȻ
ɭʣ͵а취ūͳȥʲôܣֻźϢͳˡ
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ɭȻ֪˵ͷ֪ģ˭˵
ɭװ˶ҪߣɭʱЩᣬܽԼ䱧һ
Ļģȥ졣ɭ֮⼸꿴ɭŮΪϲμѡ뿪Ŭǡ
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ȵȡɭԥµ㻹ܴϼ죿Һø׼㶫
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֪ԣȻţûһᣬɭȴ̲ס˳
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⣬ɭŵĽʵȫܹ˲Ϣκá
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ھ׼뿪Ŭǡڵ
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ϯָԱߵĺ
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ģ⼸һֱڸ飬ȻһС⣬ѾˣҺԷɵϯձ֤
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ˣǼһҺԸ¡
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˶٣Ӹۿڳ϶עģŬȻûʲôװǼǱߵϵȴǲϵġ
ܴӸۿڳϯյһϢй¶ǿҪԵжΧ׷½أ£ǲ⧲°첻ɡ
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뿪Ŭǵʱ򣬵ȻǷ˵ģۿϻ˹㲥Ҫ󺽽Ҳ֪˶û
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ǱĵطȲȥȥǼʹİǼǡģҵһǶܹõʸ񡣡ϯյ
ɭһǲǲ̫ãǸҲᱻۡ
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795 

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һ·ϻ˳ȻҲϹǵҪôǿ˺ϵľӱʶˣҪôǱɭþˡ
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֪˼ϯҲûоܾӹе
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˳Ա㣬ҰѾǼʹġ
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Ϊش˵ĳ򲢲ܣ˺˳õ֤ͨ
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Żǰ̨СȡһŰɫĿƬݸϯյǰƬϵĻң񲿳
ϯսӹƬͷɭ߰ɡ
ǼʹĵڲǳϯеĿƬƵĹܣ˿¸޷һģһĻҵҪȥǼ䡣
ϯҪţžѾ˴ˡ
һ˧˳ǰ
þòˣ٣ԷȻܿģ͸ϯһӵ
ɭ˶סˣǰӦǸ˰ɣһˡֽ񾧣
ϯսƿ¡
üĿ䵽ɭϣС
Ŀżֵ⣬ȻȴϵĲû˵ʲôĻ
ɭȻ֪Է֮ԻὫĻʻȥΪӦȼǾȼԼߡǿǼʲܵﶼõĹٶҲֻܵư͡
ϯտżɽҪǼʹݡ
۾ɭһ۵ǲ⣿
ʵĲҪʡϯյֻҪشҳɻǲɾˡ
˶٣ģºһᲹġ
ɣˣʲôɲɵġ˶٣ЦŴյϯߵ˵Ĳ𣿡
ıΣϯһƽӿˣϽҰ¡
Щֵܼ
ܼϯղϡ
ԣ񾧵û׷ʣֻǵУǿʼɡ
˵ţվ칫ǰ㿪õĹ磬һűɭϱһ¡
ɭǰһҪݶǺܻģԱʲôġ
ʱ񾧲֪ʲô˼վԱ߿ţȿɭڳŬǣ̲סü
Ȼū⻰ĸ̾ȻЩ뷨ǰŮʲԣüżίʵūġ
ôһ˵ɭϯն˹˵Ŀ־һͬζ
ʲô˼
һ£ðλع뵽һܣɴ۾
Ӧáɣ
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796 ȸ

ȵ꣬񾧽һ͸ĹоƬݸɭ̣׻ûסʵòǡ
òʲôɭЦ
˿ڿˮòᡭûūɣ
¶ˣûнһλش׿ա
ѾˣҲ˵ʵˡ
۾Բˣһŵؿϯյˣ
ϯüЦֲǵһ衣
⻰˵ģ񾧼ֱ֪ô
ɭЩս㣬ǽô죿ܲԴеȴִԱץ˰ɡ
¡ϯԴǽȥȸ롣
ȸ룿
ȸ룡
ǰ洿ɻɭģǾż𾪵񾧺ġ
ɭüһۣطʲô𣿡
Ȼˣ񾧵۾ȸǾʦľסأ
ɭҲˣϯգ·ʣģ
ϯЦЦ˵ûȸǾʦľסءһ㣬ȴǺܶ˶֪ġ
ȸΪʦľסأΪѡΪʦľסأΪֻоʦܹ߽ȸ롣
ô˵ɭ
Ҳ˹
ϯջشȸ֮أҵֻоʦŽ֮ãΪԾסĵطҲˡ
תͷɭĿƵȸ˵Ǽʹϵľʦ֤ص㣬ֻҪܹ߽ȸ룬ٳԼأ˭޷㾫ʦݡ
ͬʱҲûܹһʦȥū
ˡɭ֣ص
һӶҪɳˡ
ֻ֪ɭľȼԼߣȴ֪ԷǾʦ
ҲѹֳٻԸΪ˶Էðˡ
ǼʹĵȸһҪʱ䡣ϯնɭҴ㳭·ֻҪһܵĻһܹǵҲִֵܹܿܳԱһ·̷ǳΣգдʯʱֻܿþ𡣡
ǼʹĵǳӷףԤƣûܱ˷֡
һһܹսپˡ
ɭû
һ֮ɭЩԾؿǰȸ롣
ΪȸĳϣȻʵϣǰȴһƬͬˮһ֮ء
վ棬ܿеĻ֣ƺзݣ
ȸ֮⣬֮⻹кܶˡ
ǡɭһ⡣
ϯƲƲСЩ棬һʦҲ·ģһһЩȼ꣬ȴԼ⣬ܹȸ뿪سΪʦġ
ɭ˵ͷʵҸô
Ҳ֪߽ȥ֪ˡϯյܰﵽҲ͵ˡ
Ѿ㹻ˡɭЦЦ
һ̣סȫһӰˡˮ֮С
˽ȥˣ
İɣ
˵ãһѾɸˡ
ȥ֪ˡ

һˮɭͷط֮ޱȵġȿֺԼĴԡ
һʼãȻǺܿͷ֣ЩʵǿԱ֧ġ
Ȼû뵽ǣЩԼʧĿĹâΪɢ˿
ɭЩȵؿͻȻеľɫ
ܹоĿ֮ء
ɭûʲôоȻۿ˿Ƭһסˡ
ҡûɣ
ӦûУҲˡô󡣡
ոսȥľʦǿʲôģ𣿡
û塣
ҲǣŮ֪
ӦòǳǼ֣ҪǵĻȸ϶Ϣ
ô˵ۼ֤һ
ˡ
⡭

Ҫ˵ģǱȻϯˡ
һͬԤϵǰ㷢չ˿Ȼرã巢һϢȥ
ɭûȸͳˣϾһʱըûнء
ȻԼûʲôˣϯǱߣǲܰ鶼ϵġ
ܵúһԡ
ǾôԴУϯûʲô㣬ɭɵ
ϯЦѾ巢Ϣϯҵ˺ܿͻᵽ
ɭͷԼС
һȾһ졣
һʮҺȸ⡣
ϯձΪϯҵ˵ˣЧʵǲû뵽ǣӺг˲ʶġ
һλ½ľʦǾЭĻ᳤صǰΪٺ»
-

797 Ϻ

ɭЩ£ϯշӦˣֱӲٿغչ̨ͶԷĺԽӡ
ǾЭģΪʦʦܹӾЭòƵٺ»ġϯСɭ͵
ɭ˵ͷʣٺ»Ҫʲô𣿡
áϯҡͷٺ»Դڵ˰գǲʲô񡣡
˶٣ȻһǼҪˣǾһ˵ˡ
˵ĹѾվ˾Э᳤ǰ
ׯ֪λǣׯ᳤Ͳ󣬵ȻҲСʮӦеģݵǺܺͰ
ϯյǱϯգԱλɭҲ½ľʦ
ԣׯ᳤һϲɭܿľʦǱ˱֮ҡ
ɭ򴽣ʵеķУʵڲ֪ôӡ
ϯ䲻ڵ᳤˵̫ˣ㣬ɭŬǳġ
Ŭǣ
ׯ᳤ˣ˵ȸмλʦȷʵӱϽǲֳ̫ľʦദģӣǡ
ΪūһľʦӲԱ԰ϲˣӺõġ˼ˮŻûʲô۵Ļ治ôǣһСıˡ
ֻǣǰλ½ľʦƺͦģ
ׯ᳤ɭһۣ᲻ѡ
ϯû뵽λ᳤񾧶磬жȶûС
̾˿ûеūֱӽŬǴǼʹݡ
˵ʲôׯ᳤֪طӦ˹һֻסӵĹһ㣬ֻͷˡ
ϯյ
ׯ᳤һãȻͻȻӦ˹԰¸ûϵ㣬ǾЭ᲻õΰվʦǲԾʦ˿ڷġԣɭҲû°
һӳģɭϯնЩߡ
ˡ˵ǵء
ɭڵսΪҲŷģҲִԱ
ׯ᳤ʱɴ۾ǲɵȻԶԷĸйȴǺࡣ
Ͼû˭᲻ϲˡ
Сá
˵еᾫʦУûŬǵģ˵׼Ŭ˵Ըرã
ɭ֪Է뷨ֻǵЦ˻ϣ̫ġ
ׯ᳤̾˿յĻҾæ˵ûɡ
Ǿлл᳤ˡϯպɭл
ǡǡϯյĿˡ
˵ЭĻ᳤ǸϺˣŹȻû
ׯ᳤ɭȥµصȰɣЩҲҪж
ɭûֻǡ
˵ֻоʦܽȸ𣿡
ûٳһ¡ׯ᳤ϯջҪ͵ĻʦǶֻ¼ҹˣ
˶٣ʵϣΪʦ֮󣬴ὫѶӹΪȸĻ̫ˡ츳ƽӹˣȶܺȽϡȻõôĻǾʦˡܶྫֹ̤ʦżʮ꣬ȻֻҪܹȸ룬ܹһ
СһҪ棬ʵѾߵĵľͷˡ
ѰȻܹΪѽȸ롣ǻķΧֻڸӹľʦڡ˾ʦ޷ȸ߶ġ
˵ׯ᳤ԥ£Сɭ£м仰˵졣
ɭü᳤ÿλׯ᳤ӡ󲻴ҲԷԼȫһƬ⡣
ׯ᳤СȸʱܲûǲҪܣȻΪʦ£ͨ˵Ҳϧ𣿡
ɭû뵽£ûԥ᳤ģҲǻѰµˣֻҪ˲ңǲȥǱ˵ġ
ԣׯ᳤鸴Ӽˣ˵Ҿǵı㰡
ͬΪʦŮԾʦҪԾʦˡ
ֻǼоѾ£һ˻ļ̳ڸ׵츳Լĸ׵ľ츳
ȻҲǾԵģѾ㹻һЩԾеļӭȢǿϱˡ
ȸУǡһЩʦþ츳ûгڵģ֪ɭĳ֣ǱȻҪ׵ġ
ɭ
ׯ᳤ȻǸϺˣɵһʽһūˣıȻǽµģһˡЩ˼ʮϰٸԸֲСľʦס
-

798 ʶ

ɭ֪ׯ᳤뷨նԷ˵һ˽Լء
ĿԴ˽ءЩ
֮ǰæûвɭȴǸӦЩƺһ㣬ܹӦ뷨֪ϯĿˣԲʲôͬˮһ㳷ˡ
ϯմһܣϲطˮݷɽˮҲƤƯˡ
ȷʵɽᰵҲƽأǴɽҿʺϽׯ԰Ϊסء·ס˲ԶţʺϵľˡҲܿѳһЩغ͹֣ȸԣҪֳ56ʳЩѶȣ34Ǿûġϯȫϲõķԣׯ᳤ķԾ͸߲οֵˡ
ˣׯ᳤Эٺ»ͨñңдĽģڸ˽סլġ
˵ţ֣ʮҺ׷н䡣Ȼ󣬱йԱ
һ¡ׯ᳤㿪Լ˽ԣϳһҳЭĽʦƵլۡصĵΣкʵĶˡԿϲģʱͿԿʼ졣ǲϲҲû£ЭĽʦǰп죬ȻҪƳլۡ
ɭ㿪£ͼʵǳص㲻˵ϸڴҲǳܵ
ⷽ沢ǼΪ֮ˣֱ˸ֳɵġ
ΪһլۡһСլۡʮ¶ˡ˭뵽ɭѡլ֮ۡׯ᳤ֱһ֣õµȥæˡ
ȻɭϰһСʱڽһģСׯ԰ˡ
Эֻ屾ڲװ޾ҪԼˡׯ᳤ȻģЭٺ»װһׯ԰Ǵ´ġ
ɭ˵ͷǡǽȥһֱҲһ°
ׯ᳤ϯնû
սɵׯ԰ڲΪªôܹڷ絲꣬ûӣɾϯضҲûйϵ
Ϊϯҵ˳ٳٲϯյ鲻̫ãׯ᳤һ⡪ͻȻһɭľʦ࿪ˡ
䡭ɭۼŷǳ
Ͼׯ᳤㿪ʼɭ˵һЩйؾʦĳʶ
ȸ룬ǹϵΪҪõľʦǲ׽˵صġȻΪˣһʼʱǻǰݷãǴͳȻ֮⣬δأΪǼΪòǴζģԲܹϢ
꣬ɭ˼˰ݷʲôʱʼģϯյ¶ûн治һ˼дЩˡ
ʱ䲻ġׯ᳤ܶྫʦһչҪ꣬˵˰ݷȸĴͳĻû˻ΥǾʦ֮ΨһϵĽ
˶٣ģҶ֪æɫĶʱš
ɭ˵ͷʵ᳤֪ҵģΪʦŬ˻кô
Ȼеġ˵ׯ᳤Ĳ˵ԺһЩū̫õĹٹŬǵгˡ
ɭò̫ףׯ᳤Խ͵ȷЩ޳ϰһЩūȥģԺΪ˲ǾͲŬˡ
ûʲôȴʵʵǺô
֮⡣ׯ᳤ȻŬ˲ΪҪūȴӱˡ
ɭһ㶣᳤˼𣿡
ׯ᳤Ц֮ǰ˵𣿾ʦԽѽӵȸȻҲ⡣һʼҪ߸ʽҪǡ֮ȫԷɣǻǼʹݡ
˶٣ܹµŬֻѣǼľʦΨһơ
ƣɭ£ȴֹܿĿˡ
ҪͨΪʦŬȴǲˡ
ɭҲû٣ʵϣ֪ĺôѾǳˡ
ɭûв֮ɫׯ᳤˿ֵһ£һݹȥȻ֮뾡취£
һһҪסˣôֺãҪӦ뼮
ʦûǼ²ɽģһĳס˵徲Ҳͷˡ
ׯ᳤⻰˵֣أɭҲóԷһƬģЦӦл᳤㣬
ҲûǼ
-

799 ɭ

ںɭǢ̸;Уׯ᳤˳ھЭĹɭϢĳء
ֶΪ֮һִԱҪɭµͷ
ȻȴǲûԤϵģΪһ֣ȴһ
ɭǶ޳Ѿ˶ʮˣϣľǻһ²ʱ䡣
ȻâϣԾ᲻ȥ
еĸĸеֵܣζҪٻȥ
ڶ޳ǲʬġЩȦĶȱأȻҪﾡá
Ȼ֪ԼҲᱻ֪ɭ»ǲ
ڶ޳ūܻһܱ֮Ϊˣ϶ʮģ˵ˡ
ɭܻڣʵ໹ΪһƯ
Ѿʮ꣬ȻòŮһ毺õݣ˲µõʵ䡣Ϊʹϵʼվݣżңѱ䡣
ΪһЩŮԿͻϲģԸΪһǧɭ±ҲĿİڡ
ȻŽҪͷˡ
ɭ̧֣Լ̵ĶͷȴȥһǸСŮ
ڶ޳ô꣬Ȼ֪طݲĵġҲˣ˿ͷ˵ⷽһֱǳ
ȻзСŮʵ̫Сˣʮͣͱ˶޳ֵط⶯֮ģƽʱʱչһ¡
û뵽һŮӣȴνһͰˮıϡ
ӣѵˣҹȡůıӶûУǿԤġ
֮ôΪη䵽ͬһֻޣǰںѳŵᾡֻޣȻԲ㣬Ϊֻ˶ӣΣԡԣҪȥ޵Ķӡ
ʱ򣬷ᣬв˵ŶԲ
ȻɭѾˡ
ֶ񶾵СŮΪûԼıӻܹȥ
ܣܻأ
ɭѾ϶Լûл·ˣ뵽ҹ߽ʵɭ£ŬǵĶ԰ɣ
ɭΪգӶЩΣֻ֪ͷǣǵġ
üĻԺͲҪ޶ʿˣ쵽ͷǶ棬Ժ͸ڰɡ
ɭ˶ˣ˺üӲŷӦԷ˼
ǣǽĶޡ
㲻òμˣ÷ϰɡЩͷ
ɭ¾ôؿŷ޺űϳȥ˷̵ʱһֱں֡
ͷ·Լʲôһ㡣
ɭº֪һȴǺܿ˯˹ȥ
̫ˣΣȥ֮ΨһҪľǱ۾ú˯һ
ɭһ˯һ죬ٴΪ˯ǰԼΡ
ȻΣԼô˯һ죬ܾԲʲôҲò徻
䣬޳ĹԱһˡ
ԱǰԵģķǺõˡ˲֪Ƕ޳ԱĹ͡
Ҳ˵ԼӶ޳ʱĵ޶ʿʽĹԱˣ
ԼԺҲõˣ
ȳɭ·Աߵﻻ˸޶ʿסԣӦˡ
ȥɭȥͷǶǼǳΪ˺Ա
뿪֮ǰ׻ûסԷԼΪʲôͻȻΪ˺Ա
ɭ¶ñϵĴˣͷһۣЩĽҲãŬǳһʦϰµԷմ⡣
˵ģɭˣƭҰɣ
ƭǮãͷһۡ
ɭµ۾ģǸʦʲô֣˵ûʶˡ
ɭǸŮˣŶʮءͷƳһ۵ͬ˲ͬ㣬ٿ˼ҡ
ɭȴסˣͷŬ˽ò࣬ΪɭպܳԼɭºλʦͬҲûж롣
ȻɭȴģɭŬǲֻһ֧ɭġ
ɭŶʮ꣬뿪Ŭ֮ųģȻǲʶ
ǲ֪ĸ岮ҵĺӡ
ʱɭһҲûɭԼӵĿܡ
·صշԼᣬɭЩ͵˴ϡ
ԼѾǺԱˣҲ˵дŻȥˡ
ǸɭҲʰֺͰ衣
Ѿˣǡ˱Զ֪ǿԣϲܻطūǾ͸ˡ
Ҳ볢һɵζ
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800 

ʵϣɭ£ͬһʱ䣬ΪūŬ˶Ϊɭˡ
Ȼɭ˻һģҲ˵ࡣ
ɭǵһСкȥΪڡ
СкﾭӪһ̻ᣬΪĸĶҲǼļ̳ˣԴ붼бϣΪıڣܵĴҲΪ
˵ǣСкºǫѷ츳ڣǶԴЩū̬ҲΪơ
ɭһ·Ск໥֮ĸ鼫Ϊ
ڼʱСк˽³ŵһԼΪͻǼʹݡ
Ϊ֣ɭǶСкĹ
Ȼû뵽ģΪһڵıѣСˡͬʱС˵ĸĸҲһı֮С
һϢ֮䣬ͻˣͬɭԭ˵ĸȴһӳʽĴڡ
ڽμСһ¡صȴû˿ζɥɭֱ޵˼¡
ЩСһҵˣǸѵͬš
Ȼǰߡ
ɭǱΪԷֱϣȻʵǣѹһεԶܻΣμжԼ߷Ϊɽˡ
ֻƿеӣȻ̰ĵҪΪϵ֣³ʵ⡣
ǰμãμɭǶʱǲʲôģԺͲ֪ˡ
ɭ֪Լ³ãȻȴ޼ƿʩ
ֻһūЩƴѾʮ弶ūݣעûзء
˭ԸԴУȴֻԴС
֮ɭϢ˵Ҵ͵ȥ
ΪǺ£ȻȥлһˣȻɭԭ˼Ϊܵū֪ټūȥǰƱҪһҪġ
ʴȵҩֻ˱ưͣпģֱ𻵼˱ɵӡ
һɭҪġ
˺ܴ׼Ȼϵǣ˵õӣһ죬ȴʼûеȵҩҲûбߡ
Ȼ֪ʲôıԱѾǺˡ
ŬǵѡгһһǼүת뿪ŮЩţǸŹﳤĻ֮侲
ҼԲ̫ãǸ貹貹ո뿪ЩǼүֻǵкüūˣʲôݡǼǵ𣿡
Ҽǵǿ޳ġ
иҴҽҩģ˵ūʵġ
ҲʶһŮϰ壬ÿζֻúÿģ˽²²Ƥġ

ﳤԼʶǼү˵һ£˵꣬Ͳ
ôšһ˳ɵºǻ£
԰Щõˣû뿪
ѰŬ˿ܲЩﳤٲҪЩǼү򽻵ʱˣ˵ȫ֪Ҳ֪߰˰ˡ
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Ȼʲô취벻ǣؼǸûѡȨ
ˣ֮ǰɭϲμѡ֪˶۷׷ףﳤȴǶûз
ǹĳǶҪǲμѡ治һܱŬǿ
ı仯ʱȸɭǲ֪ģϯպׯ᳤˵ϯͻȻվ
ôս㣿ɭʵ
ϯյϯҵˡ
ԣɭһ㶣Ȼ󽫾ţʮҺ
ų֮ЭֻС
ȵȣҳȥһˡϯտڵ
ɭüǷŽ
ãȥϯյ
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Ҳ֪ϯôϯҵ˽ģûãʹһ˳ȸ⡣
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֮ǰûϸϯߵˣȶԷϯ߽ɭȴһסˡ
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Ҳ֪ô£ÿת඼ࡣ
ɭģȻˣһ˫۾ϳˣԭŭ˫Ŀһӱɴˡ
һӣɻˡ
˵ôô˵ͽʲôϯûؿŮ
ԴһֱûϢ̫ˡ
ɵģżӡ
Ҫеڳ϶Ҫϧ˼ˣȻ
ɭɷϯŮˣ϶ϲһװ
ȻͼϯǱһȭһ㣬ˡ
ȴԾһ޹ãȻСĸףҰɣûϵġ
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801 

ϯյЩˡ
ɭܿ˵⻰ʱ̬ȺϣȻ
¹ϲϣⳡ濴žͺϯ۸ίȫСһ
ˣʲô˵˵𣿡ôȥϯջᱩߣɭæתƻ
ԣϯǲŷӦ̾˿ܵҵŮϯҵ˻ôΪһҪŹԲŵʱ䡣
ҰĻӥˡЩֻҪӥڣ߲ͲĶ
ӥϯսϵݣʱϯյĻ⣬ӥαװѰԶʻغˡ
ĻҲȷʵʵΪӥǱĴлסνлףһƼĽᾧǲܶʧĹزƲ
ֻҪϯһӥˣ߲Ͳط
ϯӥµľʶѾΪĨȥˡ
ӥΪľǱ
ԼĸǸūǼΪŭԹ޵ģ˭֪һȻҶأǵŭʱɢˡ
ԣϯյı鲻ȷʵ㡣û뵽ӥȻ˲õӥ⺢ģ治Ľ񽻸
˭뵽⺢ӾȻôһϲ
Ǹ˵Ů
ȵҹɭͰһܿһ̸
û뵽ⱲӾȻūǣǹùİ̾
ɭһ۵Ҳû뵽սŮ
˶٣̲סսô£ô֮Щ֣
ܿϯն԰ӦٵģΪԸ񲻺ϣƺĸЩӡ
ҪˣҲύǳ˵˽Էǰûֹ˼ˡ
ˡ̾˿ֻ֪ϯյŮ˽ŮȻʵ
ЩʵϣҸϯղûκѪԵϵ
˶٣ڵϵҪ˵֮ʲôϵǾҵĳˡ
ɭ²Ҳ̲סɴ۾
ôҲ벻Ȼ
ֹء²۵ǸСģҪ˵ʲôŵǳúÿرװ֪˶ƷԵǸŵСүϯմСĻɲͱƭˣ
û뵽һʼ˼֮ӽһһϲ
ȻʵǸĲݰʵϣ˽Դ١̰ϯҵٻ󣬵־׸ϯһԼӵ顣ϣϯȻʵϣԼҪֺϯռΪŭûһġ
ϯ޵ŮˣϲʵС˵Ůӡ
ĸһŮˣһ飬ƽݣ˽»˸ݺˡ
Ϊ¶ϯĻ֣ȻڵСȴǵĵϯң˽½ŪΪϯҵ
˶٣ʱĸһ֪ʧ֮һֱֱ俴ýϵƬ֪ݣŷԼһֱƭˡ
ĸһֱԸҡȻҾʱĸزңΪ¶ûпɿܹй¡ڵļ壬Ҳġ
ҲɺϣһΣϯΪǰοЩľ˼һʹ졣
ĸĬĬ۲ϯ죬վиϯա
˵һ˼ضɭǻû뵽ȻͷǣϯվȻĴӦˣ
ϯմӦˣҵʱز²Űĥҡû뵽ǣȻĽҵŮڼԺĲƲһݡ
ôŰ
̾һһʼϯкܴķ֮ģȻȴûвһ㣬һֱͷζԴҡ
˶٣Һŷ֣ȻʼգϯնûԹ޹ҵΪһֱƭҵȷ˲ͬɫʡ
˵˵ôôɵŮˣɵһҲ᲻ù
ɭੲݵİͻȻЦϲսɣ
ԣһ㶡
Ҫʣ϶ҪҶֱӲϵġ
ȻΪԵɭ̹Ȼǵģҷǳǳϲҵĸ
Ůеܵе⡣
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802 

ִԱĵɭԤϵҪࡣ
ǵģࡣ
ϯһʼ⣬ȴǺܿ˹ǱӦѾ¶ˡ
κһϵĸ߲㶼ⲻ˽ĲȨ⣬һΣȻ֮ǰ̾Ѿˡ
գΪϯշĴۣϵزûκ֣֮ȻȴҪжھӵʵְҲǰߵ˾УΪУƸʦ
ĳͷݣʵȴǺ֮
ɫѿˣ϶ԣϯȴǵˡʵϣĽԤϵġ
⻹治ӰʲôԭԤƵĲһԼľѾ׻ָֻҪսûͣЪ;ȱصսؾȨĻᡣ
ϯ̹Ȼؽ˳ͷɭȴЩΣϯ˵뷨ҲȫȻ
İɣ߲ҵһġϯڵ
ɭεϣ˵ɡ
ȻѾһ䣬ϯվҪϯˣȻᣬҲֻܸɭϧ
ׯ᳤
ǼʣҪЭ𣿡ׯ᳤Ҳ
ĺ⣬ɭûоܾ֪ȷʵкܶ಻㣬˵ԼһҲǸ㲻ֻǶһЩʱ˼ʡ˭ֻ᲻ء
ǾͰл᳤ˡ
ׯ᳤һЦŮ÷ͺ̣ҵ飬ԵĲ˵ܶǼϵĳʶ֪ġ
ʦã
ʦã
Ů÷ҪһЩЩнͬʱɭʺá
Ǻáɭ΢ЦԺҪˡ
ׯ᳤һ÷ͺһ꣬һǣ͸˵һ
ɭ˵ͷһԵ÷ͺ̲֪ΪЩĽɻ¡
Ȼ÷ͺ̻Ǻбģׯ᳤뿪ĵڶ죬˾͹ɭëԼˡ
÷ЦݵҸĸװģʦĵĻҿΪƼɿװ޹˾Ϊׯ԰װޡ
ɭ˵ͷǾͰˡ
÷۾һͻὫ
Ҳ֮ǰµģ˿ȻûҲ֪١ԴʦҪŬǵĻһźá
ɭһ漴鷳ˣʱŬǡȸһ̯̯ӣܵ˳˲ܽ˽ӹ
Щʧ
״ɭ֪ȸżվҪķŻȥ
ǼʣͨõֶԣȻŬ򣬾ֻʹżվˡ
̾һæȸûżվǸװУʦҪĻҿΪżͶݳȥ
ɭüῪ
ϯպͰ뿪ʱǸһҺΪľⶫ΢оһ¾ͻῪȻ
²ýͣĿǰֻװᡣ
һ㶣漴΢ЦÿģǼеĶ;пԽCC
CCɭɻ
̵ͷԭһֻܵ˻˫˳Ľͨߣ񺽽Ǽʳ;;ȴܷݣҲ󡣡
˶٣Ǽʳ;úǸḽһʻԱǼ۸񲻱ˡҪʡǮĻȥ÷ɴǸٶһ㣬ǰȫˡ
ɭͷȻˣǵд鷳һװˡ
Щ
磬ɭдһṵ́ĵŬǣͬʱ÷װ޹˾ѡһϲķ
ǼʵĹ˾Чʺܸߣµ˵ڶ죬˹ߴ硣
ȵݴͻȥǹ˾ʦͻƷ˵һԼװ޷Ҫ󡣡һе
ɭ󷽾Ϳˡ
Ǽ۸أ˵еиĵΣѡ񡣡
˶٣ģĹ˾ʲôۣõȻʲô۵ĽģԲ͵ϵ󡣶ǹ˾Ƶۺϵͳ׽ʲô⣬ʱϵǡ
ɭûԥ͵Ҫõġ
ԣ¶Цݣõġܿ졭ǵʦܳͼѡǾͿʼ
ȸ⣬²׬ǮҲҪƾ
ολ˿ſɲĵģ񣬶ûκιֵҪ
˵ЩʦһëΣװ޹˾Ҫô֪֮ǰжĵ
ǰ˵̫
ɭǲ֪λеĸ̵ģߣŸմװǻĺʵ͵ŬҪã
Ļ죬ĻҪһܡԼһ¡
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803 ׯ

һºׯ԰ڲװȫɣɭׯ԰ſڹдšׯֵҡ
ҲǴׯ԰ɿʼоʦʼݷá
Ϊ÷ͺȵѣһʼɭǳЩ˵İݷá
Ͼλ˵ˣȸǳأ鷳żʣ׼
ȻȵɭߵʮλǰݷõľʦҲûνĵѡ
һʱ䣬ЩԻˡ
ѵãŰݷõľʦǺƢģ
ɭ֪ǣʱ˿̣йϢȸ
˵ģһ˵ľȼȻߣ
ģȥ֪ˡ
ң㾫ѾʮѲʮ߼
ɣһˡ
ǣʱڣһʮ弶
ǲŵĻԼȥʶһ¾֪ˣҡ

ǵģɭ֮ûܵѣΪ֮ǰŰݷõľʦǺˣΪȼĸߵͣһվ֪۸ˣǰ˱Ȼ˱Ļ
ǿʳƢٻľʦҲóȻȥǿߡ
֮ͬǰׯ᳤ĵ¼Ҳʼûз
ʵϣɭԭ׼ҪϲСľӦǰǵĵѡ
Ȼȫ׼ȴ֡һȭ޻ϣ
Ŭ
ɭһ˵һԿʼ
ʵϣѾά˰ˡ
ԴյŮĻţʱʱɭǺ״̬
ܾáԼΣиڽͣҲѲˡ
ɭѩ״ЩΣҲ֪֮ǰĸյʲôţڱģ
Ѳɡĸˣ
Ȼò˶͸¶ֺ
ҶʯѡҪʼˣҪһȥμӵİɣ֮ɭѩܹܵĵ
ɭһ˫̥һɭɭӣ˳һģһ츳ôûȥһԾʮɭҶʮɭʯˣǶ˫̥òһ츳Ҳһ
ɭҶ츳ƽƽѵӪĽϣ˵ߵļʷǳ͡Ҳˣʮ֮ͲôȥѵӪʱ䶼ڵɭɻ
ɭʯ츳ȴϳڣܿɹͷǳϲСϲѵӪμѵУǽ̹ı
ֵҪ˵ʲôĵط˵Ը񶼷ǳĬһ춼˵һ仰
ɭʯѵûֲǻڵӣɭѩֻˡ
ԣɭʯ˶٣شԡ
ȻɭҶ츳Ǽ˻ԼѡμӻҪμӵġ
УһԵɭȴγһ㷴Ӧǲȥμѡ
ԣɭѩҲãҲãһˡ
裬ôˣǷպͿ˰ɣɭѩһǵ
ɭȴʱſڵԣҶͰʯȥμѡ
£һˡ
֣裬⵽סɭѩǵúڲǰ軹Ϊϲμѡ󶯸λء
˵Ѿһûˣһɽôʱ䡣
ɭɭһۣɭڰǡ˵ɡ
ɭˣԥһ£ڵǰдһŻ
ԣɭѩˣôû˵£ʲôŻˣ
ûнĸ׿еźͰǰĸ쳣ϵһ
ǿšɭ뿪ŬˣǼʹˣ˵ʱͻʱܹǮ£ȽǼʣūǼʹݡ
һƬ
衭˵ʲôɭѩһ㵡
ġɭһ߸ҲдŻ˵ǰʲôʦԺסһȸĵطǶԸŰȥ
أɭʯڵѶ߸Ÿҿ
ɭһ㶣ȵȡ
ûãʹӷķóš
Ƕǰģһյ߸ġɭһԵ
ֵܽüһſһ飬֡ɭո˵ġ
ɭʯüְ裬ô˵ж֪ͨǻ𣿡
ɭһ£ҪҪ֪ͨǵ𣿡ΪŮ˵Ľӹȥ˲ǣЩӱϾˡ
ŮĿТĸҲֵܽãѾӵֳܲϼҴڵҲΪõĸɣ
ȻҪ֪ͨˡɭʯûнų⡣
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804 ع

ɭһֻҪŬǵֵǶϼҴڻصƿ
ְ裬׷ʲô£ƢЩϰɭʵ
ǣҲ˵ԭֻǰѼһش˶㱻ϾɭűԹ
Ȼ˵Ҳǲ˼
ɭɭ˸ţһǿǲܵ飬һһһҪϴȫҡһ˶Ļ
϶ɭֵϱ̲סԹûѵӪ٣ƫûиɣҲ㱻ùѪͷ
˵Ҫǹǻ۶ӵԸôҪǿ϶ᡣ
ˣ°ɡɭӵ
ɭҲԸѩСǶȥɡɭҺӱͶ࣬ɭǵĶŮ˾͸Ӷˡ
СûţȻҪȴ򷢳ȥˡ
ɭѩȻҲɭԸˣҲֻкһѺǶȥ
ְôˣŪصġɭһ
ɭ˿̣ɭ˵ɡ
ɭԵؽ˵һȻֽɭɭĻ˳
ɭһֵſһ飬Ȼ¶һģ
⡭ҲΣɭɽ˵˴ҵ
Ρɭʯ˵»ż͵ʱ䣬Ѿһ¹ȥˣҲ˵£ͻˡ
˶٣Ǽٵģºѡûнɲμѡʱˡ
ɭʯԭǶ໰ˣȻһֵһһûţǲվҲˡ
ʯ˵еġɭİ
ɾûز
ȻβʵӻҪȥûƿһ죬ɭΪ׵һֵܾʹСȥˡ
ʱһξһ¹ȥˣһ죬ɭѩɭ·ﳤҵСӾ͸һ˹һܻһߺɭɭǼҰˣǸϽȥۿڣ
ɭѩɭˡ
˵ģˣɭѩȷӦŲкʵ
ǧȷͷҶˣ㴩·Ưˣ߻֣дʦأ
ɭѩ۾ˣתͷɭСȥӱҰ裬ȥѰֽл
ȵɭɭŮʱɭҶɭʯҲϢϻˡ
һʲôû˵ͷۿڸȥ
÷ͺ̶ǵһūǣӸۿڳʱǻûطʲô⡣
Ȼ߳ۿڣǿ߼ʵأʹԭʼũԼ·߼ªԭʼķӣ˷׷¶𺳵ı顣
ΣֻһЩԭʼ伮пǼһЩԭʼξҲǹͷ⣬ũҵ˲ǲصú˵㡣
⵽ʲô˵˵ﳤźʵ
ɭҡҡͷﲻн𣿡
ҲǳǼʲ֪ūǹūҪȥǼʹģһûϵ뻹Ĳ׹
ǾʦǼʹĻΪ
ﳤȻ֪ˣǰ컹˵أε־ȻɭҵĶŮһģһ
û뵽ͬһ˰
⵽ô°
ɭЦֻҪϸѽ鿴һ飬֪ôˡ
˵һһһͣҲȷ¡ϻдݣﳤˡ
Ե飬ȴû˼Լ˽޾ϸظ߲ص˵ġ
ɭɭǾʱϵˡ
ɭһš
ɭѩȷӦǰץס֣ѵġˣ
⻹мٵģɭЦˡ
ɭ˶ЩȻǰŮһʱ侹Щӵزǰ˵
󣬻ɭ˵֣裬ǻȥ˵ɡ
˵꣬תͷһԵﳤﳤҴǵļ¼ǱӦаɣҪǷĻܳһݸ𣿡
ﳤһ㶣£ҪԭɭҪ϶ͬ⣬ԷѾֻŵͷãһ᳭һݸȥ
һֱصңɭɭûܿ˵һ仰
ɭʯǣΧɭ˲⡣
㣬㵱ʱôȥģɭʯ
ɭԵҾһκ˶Էľ缲ԷΪ˱ҲðսҴȥҰǼʹݡ
˶٣ҵʵԭѾﵽ˾ʦˮƽȻٱȥū
ɭʯɻʦʲô𣿡
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805 

ˣɭʯҪһЩ
ͬūΪΪʲô߸û˵ҪǳΪ
Ϊ߸ûǮ
ÿ²
ʵϣŬܹΪĲ࣬ҲûСΪֹֻ˵ܻݣøԣҪµأȴû˵˭˰ūΪġ
뵽ɣҲֻǸʦʲôˡ
ɭû뵽ܻܵôЦʦȷʵ⣬˵ǼʵĹ屦ʦסȸ룬ֻҪǾٳĵطǵءˣʲôЭÿ궼һٺ»ٺ»Ǵ´ġ
ʵϣھʦΪʲôǼô׿Խĵλûȷ֪
ɭҲ飬һһϦܹ׵ġ
ԣҪ˵ɭʯɭǶˡ
˵һƬأС󣿡ɭ̲סʵ
ɭһôɡʵ֮Ӧȸ֮
ô󣡡ɭ۾ɴˣǡֵ𣿡
ԡɭĻãֳﶼʳǳֵǮ
ԣһԵɭҲЦˣĻ̫ˡ
ģȻŮİһֵܽãô࣬һ治١
֮ȻǺ£Ǽ޿ΨһҲֻаǵĸҲˣֵܽǡʱûƻɣʱ䳤ˣ໥֮ȻҪԹġ
е֣Ժһܰﰢֵأڳ԰׷
ɭԻ·ɭǲģɭʯԴȸĻ⣬ЧȥһܸӦ֡
һֵУ츳õĲûУҪ˵һһѧɵģǱȻɭʯˡ
ԭŬ˵ʹδм˷롪ƿбһֲȷûһǣɭȴȷɭʯδһƬ̹;
ɭʯ۾һģ
ɭͷ̳һĨЦݡ
һЦ
ʵϣͲǾЦˡ
ȵ˼ңȴɭҶڵ㣬ȵȸ룬ǰֵأ⡣
ɭҶȻû˫̥ܵȫҲһˣϴСżֵأⷽȽϹע
ɭܰɭֵأͲǳ԰׷ġɭҶȴ뵽ɭ¸Ҫ˰ֵأϾũûⶫҲŬټɭһˣȱũû˵Ǯ
ɭһЦҵصȻҪģ֮ǰҾˣΪҵֵܽãԺԼǵŮÿ˶ܻĶءµĺûˣǿԽԼĵشȥ
ɭٶ࣬ҲᳬλÿĶأ˼ǧĶأǳġ
ֵأҪаҪ⡣ڵ٣ɭʱû˵
ɭĻһӶסˡĿԥ»ûоܾ
Ͼɭ˵ˣһô
ҲҪܵסڼ𣿡˵£ɭʵ
ɭסɣԺҲûסˡ
Щ̾һҲӦˣԺɲûס
ҵģǼҵĵءɭɭ
ɭҲӦͷҵȻȥﳤæȥ
ŬǱĻҸǼͨõĶһȻܱͣûкáȽǼʣҲ¾ŮҪǮ
Ǹɩ¡ɭѩЩɵؿڵ
ʲôɭʵ
Ҳ˹
ɭѩ򴽵ҵСèСǶɼ𣿶ɩ᲻ǣ㣬ܲܰҲߣ
ɰɭڵұ˼ҪֶֶŮߡ
СèɷСϱԼǵĺأɭѩʵ
Ҳߡɭɴ
ԣɭѩһϲһԵɭ˶ͣЩԥؿڵ岮ǡôҪ˰Ŵİɣܲܡ
ɭɷһѣһ˵ص㵱ŮƵĲɣԼŮҪ鷳ˣЩ̫׽ݣɲ鷳
ɭȴǳƬ̺岮ǡҵİҲߣͷǮҪһЩ£ֻܵˡɭ˵ȸȷʵҪ˰ŴӶҲɭɿ
ɭһϲһҲûϵ
֣ĶصĸԼң˿ûеġɭѳ˵ǰ档
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806 ϧ

֪֪ɭԴû塣
ūҪǮͲ٣ŮܳѾǳˣôҪ
˵۵Զ裬ųŮȻЩѾ겻ϵֵҪ׽
ɭ˶æ
ɭȥﳤصˣɭɭѩʼĶ
ܴ⻹´أҪǶ˾̫ϧˡ
˺ö궼ûء
ӣڵʱأ塣
Ͱ߸һģ򲻵

ɭУණǲӵġ
ɭεҪͶɣһҷɴͻᵽ
û취ôˣǻǮһСͷɴ
ɭҶǣȴȥɭˡ
ȸϵɭֲϲӣڶʹ޶Ϲˡ
ɭϱ϶಻ˣְ˵˵ƫʮĶأӻа¾ճˣȴͼмĶӻȥأޱҲȫµģȫˡ
ǲ𣿡ɭ
ɭϱһ͵ģҲ㶼𣿡
ɭҲ۵ϱ˵öԣǲҲ֪ιЩ٣ðʱ֪ˡ
ɭͷŮͷʶ̣Ŭǵ츳ѰҪǿˡҵûȥ۵ʵɲȱ˲ǼʣõҲŻɣ߸ϴβ˵ǼʣֻҪ弶ϵͲһɡۼĶŵǼʣ˶û˼񣬺αʡ̶֥ѵĹ򶼲ֹô㡣
ˣɭ뷨ɾѶˡ
ɭЦ˸˵öԣŬֻҪܳǼʣûҲɵĵ
ģɭɭϱԲš
ġɭҪ֪д˵ˮƽһӶֻļ弶ͨѾˣǴ´ġ
ɭ۾ˣ˵ʸ𣿡
˵ɭǣһӵͥģȼҲ߼ǼʵǮô׬
ƸĻһ°˾ǧͨõ㣬Խ˽̵ģ׬Ǯȹʵ͡ɭ
ɭԶʱˣǮô׬
Ҫ֪һһճҲһңŬǵһҶһǼͨõֻٵ㡣
ŵǼʣ˭һµĻֵܵһŬǸϼʮ׬ͷ
ɭ˵ͷֵǼʻǮĵطҲࡣ
ˣɭҲһ˷ܺͿġ
ôһȥǼӪȫǰ׵ˡ
ǼðǮô׬ĵظ̾
ɭ˵ǶŬ˶ԣѰУȼ弶ѾǸߵˣȼձ¡
ɭѩһԺʵûʲôģ
Ҳؿ˹
ǿɾͶˡɭľȼձ鶼£ļľȼˣҲʦ;ʦаǱȫ˾ԼһЩĹǶܹȥӦƸ
ǼУʲôֻҪĵȼߣͲҲ
ȻҵĽ飬ǻȥϸѧרҵƾȽϺãҲ˵Ҳߡܽ
ԣ˶ʱЩ
Ǹѧ𣿡ɭѩʵ
ɭʯҲʣȥѧ᲻ᳬˣ
ɭҡҡͷѧҪĸѧԺɣб˵Ҳйġ䣬ǵǷģǼкܶԶ̿ΣƽʱͨϿΣֻҪҵʱȥѧУμӿԾˡ
˶٣ЦʱÿǡҰǴǼȥҪΪǿһġ
㣬ȥǼʻҪѵӪ𣿡ɭʵ
ɭǼûѵӪֻѧУǼСĵʱҪѧ
ɭЩɭ㰲οģŬ˲ӻʣŵĶȱ˲
˵ɭ¶Ц⡣
һֱзûгɭ֮˵ִ
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ǺӿϧˣʱǲǴٲμѡġĻͿԸһˡɭѩЩ˸е
ԣɭһҪ֪ɭСҲ̵һݡ
ɭüҲϧѡȻɭСһǸĺӣﳤһȰţûܶס츳㹻ڣμѡĵһͱˡ
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807 

ˣ˵˵ˣȶɩˣɲᣬǾǴˡɭ̾˿
˷׷׵ͷ
Ҫ˵ǻֻϧɭֺϱΪĸʹˡ

ɭѩɭ֮ǰﳤҪǵļ¼ǲҪ
ɭɴ˵ͷһ취һ´ǵˣܰȻãֻǡ²ôס
ȻһӣȻǽֳУǸˣǹ˼ֳҲòڶԷѵʱ֡
˲ԣɭҲ˵
СǱߡɭѩɵ
ɭСǱ߲رǸϵֻҪ֪СľˡСͬӦܿԼŬͻƾʮļʱٳū
ɭѩð붮ֻ֪ͷãҵȻɩ˵
ʱСɭһŴְܻ裬ﳤ˵ˣ
磿
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һĬϿѾ˵ͻȻŻһӵľϲ֪
ɭ͵վɭţЩµزŷ⣬ٿ
ɭȲԴչȥһˣɭҲѧش˹ȥ
ɭµдọ̀ȿ꣬˵۾ˣɭǿ
ôˣɭѩЩ޴ˡ
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˶٣ϳһĨЦ˵ˣѾ޶ʿǺڵĹԱˣԲܸдš
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ɭҲЩ⣬û뵽ΪԼδһ
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ʵ类ȥʱҲ꣬漸磬ҶӡɭЦ
Ϊʲôɭѩһ档
Ϊ糤úÿɭȻȰ˵㣬ǳֵ֮ܽгÿġ
˶٣츳ȻҲ㲻϶⣬ô챻ߣӦҲռӺãڼҵʱûչǼСġμѡ֮ǰӦǣҪǱߣһʳĸǣǻ˺üꡣ
ҲΪӣһֱûżĻ˽ﶼǳˡ
˵̾˿̲סЦ˻ţٺòˡ
ɭҲ̾˿תͷһдŵɭ裬㽻һ͸¶ҵĹϵ
ɭһ㶣Ϊʲôö͸¶ĹϵԺڶ޳ܸùһЩء
ɭܲµ뷨̾˿˵Ժ޳ϰܻ᲻Ϸˡ
ɭһ⣬ɭԵ裬ڶ޳ϰԣԸңҹȻ飬ԺҪʱһΡȲ˵ȨԺǷҲû취ҲˣҲֻһΡǣԺһֱΪҪҰ
ɭһ£ԶԶԣġ˵Ůв¸˵ֵܣ˸ûദ̸ʲô֣Ƕ޳ϰסвһЭ϶Ҫͷʱ򣬰ܵʲô³
ˣ統û£ҲôΣյ飬ڵĹԱһЩôû֮ǡ
дţɭַˣҪհ˵ǡû𣿡
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г㣬ɭǶһ
ˡɭһ£߸Ǳ֪ͨҪҪסȸǱ𣿡
ԣɭһ㶣Ҳû˵ҵסȸҲ㰡
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808 ѯ

ɭɭˣҲǲ뷨
ɭҡҡͷ㻹ʹ߸֮Ϊɡ
ĸһ㲻ãϲŮ⡣
ҪرǻۺȼҲˣȻƫƫǣֻһͨͨļͥˡ
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Ҫԭ϶ôϾ뷨еŮĵġ˽Լʹ󣬱ȺǼö֪࣬Ҳ࣬ȻΪԼĹ۵㿴ǶԵġ
ɭݽȣŮûǰֱ׳ˡ
ңɭӺһںӵˡ
ҾͲµȵɭʱЦ
ĸãиĺϢҪ㡣ɭҲЦżֵ
ʲôϢɭһ߰СŮȥҽ棬һߵѵбܳΪõϢ
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ɭһ㶣漴Ȼɫ˵˭
簡û磡ɭ
ûɭ־ϲ
ɭͷǸϢɣ
ɭͷʣôôЩ궼ûдһţ
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ɭɩ˾ûչǰѻڳ̵СιȻ󽻸Ůȥɭˡ
裬ȥܴٶ
پʹ٣˵ˣһҷɴط󡣡
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Ҫϼ죬û˵
һ⻰ɭɩͷͽϼĶӣϴ϶ǿȥһˣ˰æʰĹ¼Щ˹
裬ܲЪǸô·ˮûüһءǲˡ
ɭӣŵõôϣúЪһЪû˵Щˡ
Ȼ֮ǰɭ˵һǼеǮô׬ֻ˵û׬֮ǰ᲻¼Щòðġ
˵ˣɭɩȻֻܴӦ
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ǲǣˣɭɩæֵֵܽöˣÿһʮˣұǸģҲ˿ڣɩ
ɭһɩôˣɩӶ̫죬˵ɩӵˡ
ɭɩ̾˿ҸɩһģʲôҶ׵岻ãĸһҲֻܵӡãԭǷǳģҪ֣ҲǰưܣǸܵȴǸһޡǰЩȥˣĸ׾ܹܵӣǰòüճǮܵȢһϱ֪ϱǸֵģһŮ֮˽ˣۣܵȴ˴һ٣һزһ¾ȥˡһĸҲˣһһֶŮ
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ɭĬȻŬȻūǣڹ¶ûа÷ӵġûԸ⸧ĺӶѵӪԵĲ˵±ܹġ
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ɭ˿Ϊµ˾ͽˣȻȴû뵽˶ɭɩġ
ٽɭҵһֵȫˡǰòż棬ôӺŮɭһֺǣɭҲ鲻ſڶŪ͵Ů
һƬгȴڳһ˵ʲôʧˡ
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809 

һȺܽͿɭɫѿظ֮ǰĻ˵ʲô
棬ɭɩŲӺŶš
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Խ˵Խڼҵʱ򶼺òװϱ뷨šˣ˭뵽ֿʼΡ
˲ð򵥣ƾʲôɩֶŮͿԣɭɩĿɭɩﱧŵŮ
ɭɩһ㶣һʱЩ֪룬ֻܿɭɩµĿ⡣
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Ҳܡɭɩ۾ҰְĸαһлᣬҲԼȥԿࡣ
ɭɩ֪ЩΪˣ͵ɩˣڳǮҰ軹еȵǼʣҾţҲǮ㣬Ҳռ˵ġ
ɭˡ
вռˣɭһ󲮸ģ˵òֹŮ˵Ŀڽǣɭɩ⻰òˣ˿ڵ˰㵹ȥʿЩֲ⻨ǮǻȥȻٷ˵Ժ׬ǮǮ
ҪҵɵñԴ㵱ߡ
ɭɩһһס
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ɭɩˣһ飺ûңҸĸ͵ãɩɩɩʮɩǾûңͲҵĸĸֵܽ𣿡
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Ҫ֪ɭɩƯˣɭΪ׷û¹򡣻󣬷ϵһɭҲֵϱˡ
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810 ҭ

ðҶĺһɭɩݺݵ
˶ˣɭҲһ㶣㻳ˣ
ٸģ˭֪ȴǰһϲɭɩЦ
˷׷üɭΪЭȻȥΪɭ
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ȻɭԼĺӲۣҲûа취
㡭ʲô˼ɭɩɵˣ㲻ңҲҶĺˣ
Ҳܣ㲻ҹܡɭҺͺӼķҪ
ҡҲ˼ֻҪȫӺҸĸһҪǶ뿪Ŭǣǲ𣿡ɭɩ
ðȻãΪѰԼ°ɭ
ɭɩһҭֵͲҵòõչˣӳʲô𣿡
˵ôôõģܲе㶼չ˲ðɣҪչ˲ãʲôɭ䲻ȵ
˿öˣɭСɭѩҴ֪Ÿ˵ôҭˡ
ɲǣ
˶ɭ֪νǶ˸츲ء
ɭɩҲǵһμɭģ˶ˣ㡭ô飬ҪңӶˡ
ҼĹܣһҪŰҲû취ɭģ˵ˣ껹ҪһЩ˻ȥʱ㺢ҲˣһðѺȥġ
ǡأɭɩĿɿڴ
ɭһȻ㲻᲻㸸ĸ̵ܲܲؽǲɢˡ
£ɭɩǳɵˡ
һ־磬Էǳ˿ЦõĽˡ
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ҪɭЩ⼸ԽԽ֡Ӣ岻ãǰʱò˸һ޺ۣһĹ򣬾ֻʣһˣ˵һȥƵ鷢ٴΣҶƽϣǺ˲֪ǮŻģΪǰӢܰááǼһһ
һ꣬ҪĻڸģҲϡ
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ɭһһԵɭѩ¹ǰء
֪ɭɭлЦЦ
ɭӣ֮͡¹ʱû뵽ֶŮ¹ѪҲΪⶫĲˣŸɭһġ

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811 

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ɭЩţ뿪ȥǼʹİǵūˣȻٻȸ롣
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ǽ߻ߣɭʵ
߰ɣҶȲˡɭ
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812 Ԥ

ɭһ㶣񾧵ĳ˲ãϾϯҲû˵񾧱⳷ְȴˡ
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ҼȻǸģΪʲôȥӣɭ
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˶٣ҵĿγ̺ܶ࣬Ǽҵĺһʼпζϣͨǵıȷǵ츳򣬶񾧰̡
͸Ӧóˡ
ԣɭϲɳּͬ顣
ǡʱ񾧳˴ϵıһע⵽ԱߵɭıͲֹǽӲˡ
λôпչ˵⻰ʱЩҧгݡ
˲֪ȴ֪ġ֪òȫֻ֪ϯյĳ˵ĺӣȴǲ֪ϯûѪԵϵġˣҲӼƽϣǣ⺢ƫƫһҲϲ
һһ񾧰̣ڴķι
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һϯճһʵӲܹǵġ
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813 ޴

ɭһɭֿʵǰҪôʶﲻأ
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ֻҪ֮⣬ͱǰˣһһҪмǡ
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Ҳһñ߹ĵ˵öԣᣬסȸᣬ˵þ˻Ҫ˼֣ʵĺ
ԣɭ˶һɭȴ˼
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ɭ˼ŷûͷߴٵô
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Ȼô˵ɭȻûʲôţһһ˵춼ûþ
˰죬ɭǾȻź˯ĸӼһ䡪Ŭǳ̬ɭֻ֮úɭѩ÷䣬ΪŮֻɭΪϵŸĸס
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ɭɩûôõӣվ棬оһԼֵǮ
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ɭСèһЦŷְҰٺãѲɻܺùǼЩľĶ٣ֻӾ͹úˣǹԼҰæģָ޴֡
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814 

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ˣŶڽ̲סһ䣺֪ʲôˡ
Ķ㲻ãڱϣҲġ
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ɭСèǰţʱŵ˺üɭɩ߹һһ׶ߵļˣʱЩ޴롣
˸֪ǵĽţԼĴ֣ƥȡ˳ǡ
ˣ͸ʱһ뿪ˡ
ǡɭɩס
ɭǵһǰġ
ôҪɭɩеĲƥⲼһͺܹ󣬱ǰ߼ĻĻҪá۱˰ôˣôռֱˡ
ŰɡɭֵѾǷöˣԺһһǸаŮۣҲп˹Ҫڵ·˿ҲǸˡ
һ˵ɭɩЩԥصǡҾ·ˣ
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ⷽû츳ģ÷컹ûġ
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ĻɭǲιһڲĹܷ
ϷйԣĿԹһϷӰܹӳӰ֪ôֱӺ˲⼸ǹ鷿Ҳйԣģѧϰһ£ҪдţҲϵ飬Ҳ㿴ֻҪϧҪƻ
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815 ֵǮ

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ģɭ۾ɴˣ˶һ޵𾪡
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ԺǷֵĵҲǣһĶصճһ˾Բ⡣е㼼ɣ˼ݳҩģһĶʮ˶롣
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˷׷׵ͷ
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816 ׬Ǯ

ˣʱ飬ɭһ㶣Ȼҡͷеģȸ⣬ʺϹӶ̫ǰ
Ϊ½ľʦ˵ĿҲԶǶų˵ϢҲ֪жţ
֮ǰҲǹͨЭˣׯ᳤ȴ˵Ҳܱ֤͹˶ûжģϾҪСĿƿûǿǷϡ
ԼĪһ˵ɭʱżۣǿô찡ǵðװ˷ѶǮ
ǡɭķˣô˷ˣⱲӶ˯˰ˡ
ô𡭡
ɭЩεѾ˺üһ˹˾Ƕ˴ȽũûˣֻһҲҪһº͵
ũûڸֻϵвǰģȴȽǼ汾Ϊ٣ϼӳֵļѶһòֻ
ʵϣӳԶɭʵûҪôõũû˵ġϾ֮ԴũûɲóΪػûоģûо׼ĵͼһЩˣûҪȽũûˡ
ɭԼҲһЩ㣬ԲŲϧ˴°汾ũûˡ
۾ȼ׻ĸˡɭЩˮ׻ǿһһ
˶٣ɭЩ𣿲ɣ
Ŭǣÿճɽһ¾Ҫҵһңǿɲ׵¡ЩշּҵСᣬʮа˾ҪԸͷ
ɭȸĶ󣬹ҵ÷ǳ졣ĻԹЭᡣǱ߳ļҪмԵһЩʤڷ졣
ɭһתͷһڶӵȥƻҿƻﶼкö͸ƻ֦ͷˣֿϧġ
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ɭҲҽʹŰѩڼӶɹ
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ɭɩȴ˵һ£ׯ԰ɹ𣿡
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˵ˣ˵׼ЩݵĺֵǮء
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ǰɣȴɭɩЦҽ;ǰ̹ˣҪ˯һڶǼӶɢһ˵ˣȴ˵ˣ̹ΪõԵʡ
ôһ˵ǡɭӢԴӢϱƽն˰࣬һ죬Ҳûǰһ۵û˯
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£ԼİŸ˵һֿɭɩɩ㵽ʱҲȥвβû
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Ҳĸϱúÿһɭûоܾĵ
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ûҪ֪ɭݾܾҲͰʱ䣬ʱ仹˷ѵġ
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ɭ˶ǸɹũģǵȼֲͣЧʱ֮ũûҲ٣ʱ䣬Ͳʮƻ
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ڶ죬ƻߣɭҲһʲƵͨõ㡣
ж٣ɭʵ
ɭЭչԵͣƻǶʵ90ͨõһһһǧͨõ㡣
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817 

ɭʵ˵Эչ۵ͣԼĻܶǮһ
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һʱʡˡɭӳԶǲʡģҪȻ׬Ǯ
ûɭֿڵҲ˵ˣԺаѸʱ˶ˣҪҵۺǴҪֲ𣿡

ɭӵ磬Ŭ˼ҪɻҲܸûм鰡ۺֻҪͨ˾УڴǸ˾Ϳɡ
ԣɭʯȴЩͬ㣬ҲˣǾʦҲܻ꣬ǵأֻǲܺϷӵСһȥˣǡԣʱʮа˾ѾˣӦ˵ǵĺҲֻܴȸ뿪
ǣʱ䣬ǣĺ϶ҲɼҡŬǣƱҪͨףʱȸҲƱػͨˡ
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һҪһ¡ڵԺƻǲժĲȥǮҶһ롣ǮǿԼķӣҲӡ
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Ĳ˵˷ӣԺ뿪ȸҲù
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ûôĿӱ̬ˣɭҲŵѾĶݣûռ˵ĵ
ǣֵĶ˾ѾǺˣĻôࣿɭŵ
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˵ǰͷҲյĶҲŷһǮǣũҵժǮûǷݵġȵ岮ùǹҲûĺôġҲֵ׽ãҲռˡ
ô˵ġɭ֮ǰҲ˵ˣŬ츳ãȻ࣬ҹңʲôĿԼܶûʲôΪǺˡ
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С㣿ɭʯһɻ
ڵûǼгõԲ֪ǼУūת˲٣һֺѪǻᱻɵġԼǵĺǽʲôе߲㶼ֹͣӣҪҪӷչƸǴˡ
УҲкܶ׷ԽѪǶһִ磬ҪϼŻȢһϱΪʲôͲҶ˵ˡ
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818 

Ļɭ˵ɫ֮ǰ⡣
ԤԼõʱ䣬ɭƸķɴ׼ʱǰˣɭССǴˡ
пյĻϱɴʻγѧѧ·ϣɭڵҴһҷɴʱ˿ˡ
˶٣ҪǷĻѺʻҲѧˣ˳ҲҺ
СΪٶȺͰȫϵԽ۸񲢲ȷɴͶ١
ȻɴͺԶʻ򣬵ֻӦѰûΣĺȫ˼ʻȽϺá
ɭͻȻ˵˷׷һ㶡
Ǯ𣿡ɭѩʵ
ɭٽ׼ξ͹ˡ
һȥԡɭȱ̬ұѧʻҪǮҲ֪ͷǮ
нǧͨõ㣬Ǽԭ˺õģõԺͻͨõȥˡ
ûԼǮɭ˸鷿ĹԱʱҵˡ
ˣҶһѧʲôڹϱһ㣬Ҫúѧ˷Ǯ
ɭ˵Ҷ֪
װǾȸ뱾ͽ·ɴٶСʱҲִˡ
˸ۿڣѾӭˡ
ΪⵥǱ߼Ϊӣϣܴɳں
ɭ˿ʱȥģȻȥҽԺ֡ɩͰӢѸļ鶼ˣʡٵҽԺȥųӡ
ģǱѾʲô׼ˣǼǺ֮ÿ˶һŵȥ顣Ŀÿһ涼ҽǩĿ꣬ȥӡ鵥ӡ
ǼʵҽˮƽмĿܵЧҪ̫á
ɭӻܿôһˣɭɭȴһˮ֪ôɭѩԱϸĽ˵һŪô
ɭһȺȥ죬ĸһȥһҡ
ߺˣǱ߻ҲˣŴӡӿء
ɭǵļ鵥ӶӡȻһ֮֮еĸо
ɭӲɭÿ¶ĶɭʱʱɽҰζҿСȻˣ׵ĵûȵӪ֢״
ֶֶŮˣ˵ɭӪȣǾͳƵжˡ
ǱߴҲ۷׷ס
磬ĹܶȺһҲҸոҽ˼ҽ˵ˣһ˺ٳƽӪ벻㣬һԭȼߣ帺Ҳ󡣡ɭյɭǰļ鵥ӵ
ɭɭ˹ָɭļ鵥ӵҽ˵ˣ㰢ֵ֮һۣΪʱ۹ûкúô˹Ҫ׺þҪһ
ɭ˵ͷʾ˽⣬ţȻᵽҽԺҽ𣿡
еġɭҽ˵㰢Ϊͻ֢״ȫдΧĽ⣬㰢ָһܶҲͣҽ˵ȼǣͷҪ۵ġ
ˣθеθסʲôʺס
ɭ˵꣬һԵɭѩæǰ֣Ҳ⣬ҽ˵ƵӣһЩƵСëȻûԳ֢״ǼƱȽϺáˣҽ˵֯г¾ԴˣڲԣǲƵĻԺ϶Ҫ۵ġУĹܶȱȰָҽ˵Ϊɹ̫簢ֶĹϵ
Լأɭʵ
ɭѩһҵĹܶû⣬ǡҽ˵βףúñĻԺγɼβס
ɭһȦ󼸺Ҫľˡ
˵ɭңųԼûһ˵ûëġ
Ȼû֢״ֳȴʵʵڴڵġ
˵ɭʵɭԼء
Ҫ˵صģҪɭɭɩаӢ
ɭǰ˵ˣɭɩĻΪ⣬Ļص˼飬óĽĸٶ˹Ե˥ˡ
ڰӢǷǳ͵ҽ˵ʲô⣬ʲôƣǰûиΪʳ̫ªˣֻҪӪϣ߰ܺһˡ
ɭɩҽ˵ǲΣֻƵĴЩû²
ԣɭӵɫأɭɩȴˢذ
ҪˣǼǮ׬ˣҲһС֡
κΪ˲ϺȣҪôǮǾȫûƵˡ
-

819 

У
Եȴɭɷ򣬼ŮҲ޳ĸ׷ơ
ɭüȻ࣬һ׬߰ҲܹˡûոǸҽ˵ҪǲƵĻʮˡ
ǰ裬һͳˣʱܳȥһˡ
û裬ȻСùûָĶأʱճ׬Ǯùá

һһȰɭɩɭȴֱӿɭҪ鷳ˡ
ԴɩƵǮȽңԺһһ㻹㡣
ɭЦǵȻû⡣
ûֱӳеƷѣɩ⣬ܹѶ˵ʲôԺҲƵǣǲͻᱻǺޡ
һֵˣƵǮɭӵĲõѡ
뿪֮ǰȴóһݱܺԼʾɭĽǩ
ɭԭĪһݣ¶Ȼˡ
ݱܺԼ˵ʵӦѪҺܺԼ
ĿݺԼȴ⣬ܸɴǩγȡĶѪҺƷ˳ǵ١
ᣬëѪҺʧһҪٽĻСԼһ¡˸ˡ֣ضɭ˵оȻٷ˽оȴ
ɭȻͷ
ȵҽԺǱߣɭɭɩͰӢϣߵҽĵҽһģϸȴЩ롣
ҽԺӢһҩԡõҩĶһµƳ̾Ҫһ򡣲ҽ˵ģҩԡϰ꣬Ӣܽˡ
ɭҽҲҪȴƼնԷ˵ģɭкܴĸƿռ䣬ǰһʳҩĳɹʺͲԼĸܻкܴ
Ҫ˵Ļɭɩҽݼ鱨棬ͬƶϳȫٶв̶ͬȵĹ˥ˣƷѵԤϣȴֻһ
ô٣ɭ۾Ǳߵҽ˵ƵĻҪ򡣡
ԣڰ칫ҵҽһ۾û´ĻĵҽƼӦƲĻȷʵû²Ƽλ˳һơ
ƣɭһ⡣
ҽ˵ͷʵǲҩƣʹõĶĲҩƷºֲͣܲ󡣲Ʋûȱģڼ䣬Ϊ˱̶֤ȵЧڵʳҲ2ʳ
ԣɭ۾һ⡣
ԸϣҽһĻȰһµҩһºٴ˹ת
˶٣ûЧԹһµĲҩԼˡ
ҩɭҲãɭɩҲã׷׶˿
һµҩҲ࣬˼ҽ˵ˣҩҲͲˡ
ɭװǳ˷ٻȸģȻɭһ淹ݳԷļǮȴһȥٳԡ
ǻȥ԰ɣķ˻ɾ
ǣЩķ˲1ʳһٷҪǧ㣬̫ˣ
ǣôһٷĻ̫ˣ

ϵߣɭȻٶҲֻܴӦȥԷˡ
Һׯķרŵĳջ˸ǻȥ󶼲õȣֱӾͳȷȲˡ
æ˰죬Թɭ͸ȥ˯ˣ˶⣬ɭķԣɽȥƻˡ
Ȼģ̫Ҳɹڿ
Ҳˣǡ
֣ɩǲڼϢһ¡оŸԼȥˣѰӢú˯һҲǣڼҺú˯ȥˡɭ
ģ˭˯ɭһЦ
ɭҲѲԺ󶼲ҸɻˣǿɲɣǻҪҵ
ɭɩҲЦûµģҲػͰŴһ֡
ɭŮԴӢû˯ϰߣȥҲҪɻҽ˵ˣֻҪעⱣůȥҲܶһºܡ
ˣɭЩεӵǸ˾ͺá
׼˯ֻʣˡ
˶߹ˣЦҵҲͦõģһһ̤ʵԺҲ鷳
⻰˵⣬ɭȴü˵˵һһ룿
ûأⲻ𣿡Ǽʵ֮ĳǣԼĿͬҲǡ
˵Ļ£Щ굫ĵúֶֶŮ¶Щġ
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820 

ɭȷʵû뵽һ㣬΢΢üЩͼʲô
Ȼͼ㰡һʦķɲ˵ġѰʦЩֵܽúֶֶŮᱻ˿ϾѪͳǼȻϱѹ˽£ʵܴƳ硣˭أ
ȢܺϹϵֶΪأ
ʵϣ֪֮ǿ϶⡣ǼˣҲҪģСܻһЩ壬Ѿˡ
ɭü̲סҲ̫鷳ˡ
˭˵ءζⷽһҪССġɭˣԼҲǣҪǱˣǵȴľ޾鷳
ɭûж룬ֻǵ˵ͷ
ɭ˸ɻɭÿ춼ʮʼֻǹЭᣬȵǼʿ豸͹Ĵ˵λ֮Ͽһꡣ
Ϊ˷㣬ɭֱӽΪׯΪׯ᳤æ֤ȸıʶĶúܿ졣
ȻֱӹЭ죬ջĶֻܵŻڶ졣
ֱһºɭũû˵λвǿʼĴ󿪻ġ
Ƭɭ֮ǰġʵϡֻҪʤͲѲطҲǵõ滮ġֻǴʧȥˣѰ޷Ĺϵ𽥻ˣû˴ҲûеƬس׻ķϣЩرˡ
һũû˴ӺĴ㣬ɭ˿ڿˮô㣬ҳôûмô㡣
˷׷ΪȻصͷ
ȻûгƹֻĸͷСĶʮġϰٽﶼпܡ
˱ˣɭعȴǿʼũû
֣˷׷¶⡣
ũû˷ǳܣɭͣ㣬ȴµָ
ɭʹļ׵ЩͷôҲԲ꣬ʣںҪҲãԼҲãʱ̾ͳɡ
˻û뵽ʵǡһίʵһЩû뵽¡
ĶʮˣһʱҲԲɭЩΪѵ
ɭһʮ㡣
ҪԼԵģŻȥɭѩ
ɡɭЩʱ˵ˣٷŻȥ´붼ˡ
ô죿ɭü
ɭ֮ǰЩʦݷõʱ򶼴ŶһûлЩ㵱ɡ
ĥһ£֮ǰЩʦ͹ҲʲôĶ̺ͣͷҲС๻ֵˡ
ţֱӽ֮ǰȡ˹ºָ֮ʮ˾͸ԴԼĴֿʼװ㡣
ȸеĻˣΪĻ⣬˾ʦ֮޷ɳʦأȻص飬ҲþʦΪ˾ڴ˻ϱоģרڸʦĻˣֻԾʦۡ
ô㱻ߣɭЩ۵ʵ֮ǰЩʲô
ɭǵĲƥЩʦ͵ģϺЩ޹򣬻ׯ԰Ǹƿ
ɭ͵ʵݡ
ɭѩȸľʦкܶ𣿡
ǼʶԲ࣬˵ȸĻ١ɭʦǧңȻʱô㣬ϾݷùҵֻһС֡
ȸľʦ֮һ괦ڱչУģҲǸŵģɭ߻ûй滮ãЩǼƻݷõġ
ǽ᲻᲻ɭѩЩĵʵ
ʮǲ٣ǿôߣһҲи߰ҲŰٶ
ġɭԼһϳԣʣµĶ͵
ɭæʣµһĵԼԣ
ɭ̧ͷһԼҰһ㣬æҡͷҪ̫󲻺óԣһ㡢ɡ
һ㡣ɭʱͷա
Ҳãϸ塣ɭѩ
ɭҲͷҲԽԽóԡ
ɭЩģҹһٽ￪⡣˵ˣҲóԵġ
ȻΪҶϲ㣬㻹Ǳ˸ˡ
-

821 

ɭĲϳԵζɿڵͺ֮ͳɢˡ
ʰʱһĨŲӣһ˷ܵصڵӻأôЩ϶в١Щ㣬𣿡
˵ţɭ
ɭͷЩ㶼ʱҲ൱4ʳˣܻ5ʳʮһ㣬ͨõ㡣
ôࣿɭ۾ˣ漴۵ǽ첻ˣͳȥ㣬ϰٽУͷСǶ˺ü
֪ھʲôɭЩЦõ裬֮ǰҸĲƥȻʳֵǮ˼ֱӸһֿ⣬ƥ
ǰΪϲɭʲô¶ƽϵľͷҲ֪ǲ뿪ŬõĹϵǲôˣΪݡ
ǻֻпõĻƿءɭЩĵ
ɭЦ˼͵Ҳǻƿ˵ǻƿҲˣһ¾ֻ֪ˣǻƿĹ⣬һҲҪüǧͨõء
֪ƿֵǮɭŲ˵ʲô
ɭڵǰԶһ㣬ŵһʪζ
˸˼ǣɭ̫ס
ȻûۿҿԿ϶кɭһ϶
ɭ۾ģʱûһȫǸδ֪ûк֪ˡ
˸˵Ǿ׼ûɭֵΪѡгûߣ˸츳ңЪū˼ʮһʱǱߵ泡ȱˣŸȥѧͽˡΪֵúã껹Ƽȥ˺ϣŻˣϵǵ£û˱ˡ
һԵɭɩҲûһ˸һ𣬾ΪҰָһϵģɿŰ˵
šɭͷʵǰ˸֮ǰĸߵģ
ϡɭ߳ȥ߰˰ٹûǰٹǺˡ
ɭ˷ܼˣھȥˣ
ȵһȡɭȹȥһǺжٸʵ򺣲ˡ
ԣ˸ġɭ˲ˣֲҪǰûҪôϡ
ɭҲûйִ
ɭʵҲз֡
ɭ췭ɽһƬСɣ֣ȵ˿۾ȥϼ룬ʱϡʱüϣһ
ɭԵǼߵĲϼ࣬ʱҴȥ򡣡
ɣϡɭ
ɭֵǰʱҲڸתתһƬֵĳӣǳӵˮˣҿˮﾭðһǵطϺзһġǸԷһȲܣȵůȥһ¡
ɭҶҲֵ˸ûпɽķǳḻѡӡӡʡӡӡݮݮ⨺ҡӡҡӡ⨺ҡӡҺӶǲժļڣȥժ
ɽϡɭѩĻҰҲܶ࣬ҿҰˣ˷ҪǣҺü˼ҰǼģرܷɣҵĸоҰû𣬹ǰġ
ֹѼӡɭ֮ǰӢȥ棬һƬкܶѼӣֻǱ«έſ
ȸҲ٣һǰҲ˹ֳġɭɩ

һһ˵Լķ֣ɭкãɭȴǸ˵ˣӡôŸһá
һԵɭͬ棬Ļֱͷ
ɭЦ֮е˵ζ
Ȼֵũû˻࣬ȻׯЧʻǸ࣬ǰһиʮĳͲˣ˶ʮ⼸ȴÿ춼а￪ĳ
ɭ˻ÿ춼Ҫϵͨõ㡣
µʱ䣬ׯɽ¼ĶĵؿɭѾ˵ˣʱǵĵؾȿõطٸ˵
ֹˣׯļɽҲһӲݸջջ񣬹ҰʹϰֻǻǴֻ˳ץûȥ׽Ĺϵ
ڴÿ춼࣬ЩɭһֻûԼˡ
ɭ˺ʱԹõĻʳÿ첻Ǽ㣬żɭ÷ȥװ⣬һղЪæ۹ۣȴһ˶û⣬һȺӷˡ
õĳʳӰĻ˵أΪ
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822 Ǽ

Եɭʯȼԭʮ۷壬ȴһȽףֱӱʮ
ȻĽԴڳȸ룬ʳ˴ʳĹϵԺǾڶʱôĽˡ
ɭʯɭҶԭȼҲѾ߼ˣֵܻȼһ̨ס
һŮԣɭɩΪûʲôȼҲһ
ǾȼҲôСèֻһȼͱȼȻǼʱȽƳ羫ΪѵɱĹϵŬǵѵӪʵǸġ
һºΪ½½иũû˵λˣɭؼһһģﱻժճرѳµĹ滮ճ̡
һգɭȴܵһǼ˵ż
Ǽˣǿ⣬ɭ̲סü
ǼһȽϹٷ֯һԽ͵ȻҲ˳֮ΪǼԺ
Ժɭһ㵡
ͷһЩ˹ѫ׿ϺԸٹ֮ķֻúϢġǼ˾һطĴݺ󶼻ȥǶ
˶٣ȻȥǼҲһ׶˶ûеģǴ˵Ժ˾
ɭȻطôдţ
Ҫ˵ˡ̾˿ΪûǼľʦ£ûκƵģǼһ⡣Ǳߵǲ̫þܾġ
ȻЩһһ£ôҲһġ
ɭüͷ㿪żȿݣɳĬˡ
̽ͷһʱզȻЩ鷳ˣƶȻɯˡ
ɯˣɭü˺𣿡
ȻɯҲһλʦȸ֮һսϺͷƴ˸һǸͷԼȻ˶ˣԴʧȥ˾Ϊɷľ˾÷鼫Ϊ񡣺ɷǼˣ˵ҲΪ
˵ɯ˵Ѿܶˣһֱûоʦҳ֡ʮǰһλոսľʦţ»ˣ³ɯ˵ĲûеõκλڣԼȴҲˡ
ɯ˵ĲѾΪˡÿȸµľʦͻΪֹҶֵĶֻǸù
Ƭ̺ʵŵģаյĻһԡҿô˵ܽɯ˸κãǽǼʶԺߡ
ɯ˵ҺͷҶǶ壬ҴŲɷͶŮĸֵֶӶ
յɭС˵ɯ˵ݺ⵽˼ĸɩӶùȫӼãֶӸģû𡣡
ɭϵԣ˼ֻһ˵ģ
Ӧûˡ¾ܾ˲ãԻŴӦǧǰǼˡ
ɭ¶⣬СǼ˵ЩȻ˵û򣬵ǡҪȥ͵һװɡ
ɭһ񺮣ãġ
ŷȥɭͽ鶪ˣϾֲ١
æ˰£콫ɯ˵ǵʱ֮ͻȻ
ˣǰȷӦдš
ǼУϰ߳ƺΪʦ򱻳֮Ϊʦߣһͳơܡ
ͬʱǣɭյһż㿪һǼ˵ģбʾѾˣϣܡš
ɭһһ̣֮пٳһȺķɴ˽
ɭ˶ˣǸ֪ɯ˵飬ǰһһ׼ûС
ɭԽ˵һ衢ȥׯʰһ¥͡
ׯ⽨ܱʵʮ¥ǸܼҺͿסġΪ֮ǰɭʱò˸¥Ǳ߼ҾߵȻȱƷȴһûеġ
˵Ĺ򣬷ɴѾˡ
ɭͰһۣһǰӭˡ
ɴŴ򿪣ȳֵһϵŮˡӦþɯˡ
óλɯ˵ͲСˣϴſɵļҾӷģֽŶϣˣҲܿչ˵úܺãͷҶɾ࣬ûһ˿ҡ
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823 쳣

ɯ˵òڣֻ˵㣬ȴܳڡѾˣʱҲ͸һ˰ĵš
ɯ˳һ϶ԣλòͳƵǳˣѾᣬϾϴĳȴøˡƫƫΪľˣüһɳ޷󼰵ļ㣬ԼЩԵ͸Ӹиˡ
û´λӦþɯ˵ɷ
ǿϵŵ˾ɯ˵ɷ򡣡ȻɭС
һе˲٣˷ˣмòǳúˣǵĶŮһȺӦǹܼһ
ãɭʦϵ˹˾ǰɭ֣żָ̾Ȼᣬۿǲò˾̾
ϵ˹˾ˡɭЦźһ䣬תͷֶϵɯ˴кãɯˡ
ϵ˹˾ΪΪһ漴ϵЦ˼Уһԭżֽǵ˶࿴ɭһۡ
Ϊɯ˵֮˶̬ȣû˱ǿøˡ
˵ͬϧĻЩˡѾܾûۿˡ
ɭֻѰشһкʲô˲ΪȴΪѵá
ɯûһ޶ԣɭûκ쳣
˿Уϵŵ˾ӵĳɯɭʦڸʺã㲻Ҫ˺òã
ɭΪɯ˲зӦԷȴ̧ͷһۡ
ܶԷֵܿͷȥˣɭ̲ס¶𾪡
˵˶
ɻ󣬿ϵŵ˾ڽ͵ȻҶ˵ɯˣΪˣȴǲΪġ㿴ˣɯںܰȻҲ˵粢ûκθ֪ġҸ˵ҲӦҡȻʱֲܿ˺Ҳ˺ԼΪԲľ˵µġ
ɭûпڡ
ǰׯ·ϣϵŵ˾һͬһǰˣɭϣһļŮǵĶŮȴɯ˵ֶӡ
ׯ˶˲裬ɭ˿ɯˣȻ󿪿ѯʵλҪϢһǲ۵ĻϣھͶɯһ顣
ɯ˵Ĳ鶼ѾΪˣϵŵ˾֪ٸʦҲûп˵ɫϾǶ壬ʦҲǲġ
ɭǻ̬ȣȴǼΪټġ
ϵ˹˾һ£æھͿ顣
ɭͷȻվߵɯ˵ĺ档
İ˵Ľӽƺɯ˽ȻԣԽӲˡ
ɯţءϵ˹˾Ա߰
İԷǳЧɯ˺ܿͷ
ɭַŵɯ˵ͷȻһ̣ԭѾɯʱֽ
һΣۿϵ˹˾ôȴǶˡ
ɭջصУɯ˲ܳ׷ɵĻҾͽȥľȥľҾͲ֪̽ľǵ˯֮ٽмɡ
ȻֱӲԷľֻһɯ˵ľ˵õͻ
ɭǳȻ
ϵ˹˾Цеģ˯֮һ˽о⣬ɯͻû
ɭһ㶣üô˵ɯ˵֮ǰûеõ׵ļ飿
ϵ˹˾ͷҲΪʲôʦǶҶֵԭһɯԭʦݣһ־ͻẦ
֪оʦֹɭü
˵£ϵ˹˾ɫȴЩ̫õȷд£λʦȴǸûоǵͬ⣬ǿӲɯľҺɯûгʲô£ǡҲΪ³ʦӲԸΪɯˡ
ɭ˼ðһ£ɯȷʵʧȥ˾Ϊ𣿡
ŵ˹˾һԥ»ҡҡͷʵϣҲ̫ȷȷʧȥԭȸء֮⣬þй⣬ǡûн
ûнɭʵȫʾȼ˼
ŵ˹˾˵ͷ
ǾͲ̫ˣһԣǸճӤȼҲʲôʾɡɭ
ȷʵˣǡŵ˹˾ʱļԱ˵һЩԭʼˣҲǻġ
ԣǶΪɯܵشȼ͵ûˡ
-

824 ϵͳ

ɭãҡҡͷҾǵĽ۲̫ԡ
ܾ˵𣿡ϵŵ˾ڵ
ɯ˵ĶŮֶҲ׷׿˹
ɭڵɯ˵Ѿ˻ԭʼͬȵĵزľǾԲܳһʦľӲġ
ȶԷڣ͵Բܹ͵˵ġ
ľⲻҪôͣϵ˹˾ȸضʧҲӹɵʵ
һɯ˵Բ־ڡɭ
ܣοڵȴɯ˵ĳɶˣüĸܴĵѾ㵱ľҲѾʧˣܻ˵״
ɭҡҡͷ˵òԡԷǾʦô˵ӹȷģȻһʦľ
ָ⣬һƽɫľɳƴСգۼų˳ȥ
ʲô𣿡ɭʡ
ɶһʵ廯ľ׼ˣ
Ҳ׷𾪵ؿ˹
Ϊһλ½ľʦĬɭľȼʮ弶ȸ֮󣬼ٿ죬µʱ䣬ʮѾˣ˭뵽
Էոһ־ʵ廯ûʮ˼
ɭûлشԷ⣬ǷʵǾû𣿡
ֳһƬĬãɯ˵СŮɯЩɵؿڵոշųǵҵĸо̫һƺر
޾ģȻǾʦ֪ȴҪˡ
ɭͷǵģ׼ȷ˵ľʦǵľͲǾˣĳдţ־ԵĴˡ
ոֻŲţҼʲôҲܹܶꡣˣҵ־ִ棬ʱܱܿԭܻŵʱ仹Ҫ
ʵϣӦòİ𣿾֪ǼʵЩϵͳȼ͵ҲͰˣȼߵġ඼Ǿʦĸɣ
ԣɶ¶ǿϵ˹˾ɻ£ô֪
ڸߵִƾ˾Ȼ֪ģɭ仹ǳ֪־֮¡
ȻǿġɭȥǼʹģǶϵͳӦһλȱĸɡ
ҲˣǼʽʦ屦£һֱǱżǿҵĽ䱸ġ
ϵ˹˾ͺȻܿС뷨ЦЦйⷽ棬һЩᡣ
йǼʵʷӦÿڵİ汾֪ԶʱڣǼλĵˡǶʷǼпģҲˣĳЩǣЩϢûڹ㷢ֵܣҲ֮һ
ڣƼûôΪӦսϵͳо˳Ȼܿѧоʼն޷֮ƥԡսһۿôȥʧȥϣʦ˹ͱѩԷ޷壬ľԣ˳ϵͳһսĵһʤ̣ϸ˵Ҳֻһʤȴش󡣡
ȫսԽԽľʦԼֻΪܹĳϵͳʤⷽб
ȵսѾǰ˰ˣǴʤ̣ڴڼ䣬ȴаǧλʦ
ʷ֮ûйʲôڰĻǲϣĳЩѬ֮ҪþʦΪϵͳǳڶԾʦıҸұ֤ЩľʦԴԸûǱǿȵġ
㿴ǼʹĵϵͳҲǵĳϵͳϵͳǳ⣬Ǽʵ﷨ɹ涨ˣȫǼʵĵˣ򳬼ϵͳӦ֮˽ս
ڿϵ˹˾ĻɭŵģҲûȫš
ŵЩľʦûбǿȣҲֻǱĴ󻷾ĸʦܹ˵ҲĻ
ڹ֮£˵Ըͬе֦ء
һܹ͵ͨʦĳȻλˡ
ȻЩ
ɭҲǲԸΪڵǡеߵġ
ԼǲһģֻҲˣǽȥϵͳ
Լ͵ΪֹˣܿܳûţҲΪһˣһֻһϵͳ
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825 Ϸ

ɭһתô뷨ϵ˹˾ȴǲ֪ģѾˣʵɭʦܼ֮ǰĻ𣿡
ɭ˵ͷʵðһ£ɯľȼǼ
ϵ˹˾һ㶣Ȼشʮ߼
ȼˣҪ֪ʮżľȼǽЩոˢµأɯ˻ǸʦľȼҲʮ˼
ԣɯ˵ǸҲʮ߼ɭʵ
ϵ˹˾ͷʮ߼ľʦʵʻģԡ
Ȼʦܽϵͳӹɣʮ߼ʮ˼һǳԵķֽ㡣ʵϣЩϵͳԣ޲ھȼʮ˼ľʦ
Ǽ񻹴ŵĳʵҲˣһλ˼ߵҲֻǼʹٷ֯ӵгϵͳˡ
ɭ˵㣬Ȼʼ˼
˼ϵ˹˾ûд
ӵĲô궼ò⣬ȻȴһԤУǰλɭʦϣ
ʵϣɭȷʵ˼˼ȴǸϵ˹˾Ϊر
ԭɯƣǴйо߳·ߣȸ⣬Ȼһһ˿ġ
˵䲻ģͬǰæ־ͷ˴˴ʱɵ飬˵ĸоͲһȻʩȻҪλôҲҪҪλ
Ȼ
˱仯ɭҪǸıƻ
ϵ˹˾飬Ҫǵǡô֪ԼŻȥмֵ
ΣһҲϣԼٱĻ桪ϵıȻǾϵıȣԡԼûз֮ȴɲԡ
ˡһЩ¾иıˡ
ɭ̾˿ڵɯ˵Ѱİ취Ҫƺ쿪Ĳ˵򿪾һ⡣
ϵ˹˾γ֪һ㣬ȴһֱԸ
˵֪ʲôѰİ취Գ𣿡Щɵؿʵ
ɭ˵ͷɫصǵģܡ
ܣϵ˹˾˼ǣ͵ܣ
ɭشȲʵ˭ңȥңϵλɭʦݣػŬһλܡ
ɭˣżãȻ޹Ǹǲ֪ܰ
£˶ˡ
㡭ڿЦãɶĿɿڴʵ
ɭգգ۾ΪǶ֪սôصˣûܣôܽκã
ܰ׿յκˣ
׿յľѾκˣ

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Ǹսû˵𣿡ɭЩεʵûǴĻϵ˹˾սĸ׽鲻ҲǰģϯյλĸףͬǼϡ
ϵ˹˾͵תͷȥȴСıһ±ơ
ĸû˵
Լµɭ뷨ҪϷһɵĸ׵ܴû˵
ģϵ˹˾һա
֪һôᵽڲɭ
𾪣ϢܹǺϢһɭɭʦҪˣֻҪָܹϼضӿȪ౨
ʦκùùã˼ͬǷһݴһɯ˵ֶҲæ̬
ɭֲ˲ͷﲻ㣬ǻǳȥɡ
ԣϵ˹˾ЩĪԽɯ˳ȥ
һ⻰ȴɭҪˡ
ȵԺɭûӣֱӱ֣һ̣εصĻƽεض䳡ͻգʥ˾þûز
ǡϵ˹˾һ
ֻǶɭСС֡
ɭһ˼ǼЦˣܵ״ֻ̬ǡ
ӵƺƴ󣬵ûκιģֻβ
˵赭д˶ȴģβ˭ұ֤ԼⱲӲҪβأ
ϵ˹˾ǻھɭȴѾĿ䵽ɯϣԥµǸԽֽϵİ⿪𣿷ĻЩ̫㡣
ϵ˹˾ûԥǰκ水һťɯֽϵʧˡ
ڼλƵĿ£ɫĹƮ£㽫ɯ˹һ룬߸߹ҵ֦ͷϡ
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826 

ϵ˹˾Щµؿһգ۱һ˵ΣȻֽĿ䵽˹ϡ
⡭
˰֮Ҳɻؿɭ
ɭ̧ͷ֦ϵĹ룬Ƭ̺ûʱɯ˾ܴӹгˡ
ʲô˼ϵ˹˾²⣬ȴֲҿ϶һʵ
ɭҵֶΣϵĻɯ˳ʱӦѾָˡ
˶٣ЩɵҲҰٷ֮һȷϣϾ˵ʵҵȻеģҺãСʱʱһԼսˣǼζҪùĳ̶ȡԣܲܽɯȫ˵ʵҲûȫİգֻǾΪ
ԣϵ˹˾üͷȻ׻û˵ʲô
˵ʲôǶģΣҪ
磬ɭȻҪд˳緹ȻȻǿϵ˹˾ֶǣûгԷ˼Ҵҳܵ棬Ͱ͵֦ͷ
ʱˡ
ɭϡغܣԺʲôϡһ
ⶫһֱֻ˵ȴûû뵽ȻСɭ̾
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˵꣬תͷɭѯǰɣ
ɭ룬ҡͷ벻ǣÿλжûɶöԡ
ǰɡɭһĴզôϢأ
˵ţЩ̾ؿ˿Ů
˱ͷߣǲɭ㻹ǶԲ˰
Ȼ棬ɭ˶ֻ֪ܵڴ˵УǺܿƽ
ϯǱߣӰе֪ɭȻô׾ͰܸعˣֱӱƵͨѶ
ôͻȻͰܸ¶ˣüǲ˵õܵȲһأȹȸվ˽Ÿ˵
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ϯһ㶣ϵͳ
ս㿴ǲ֪ɭԴһ£ʱ֪ΪʲôҪô籩¶Լˡ
ҲǼʵսѾǹȥʷԼҲȻȥܶྭܶʱ򶼲ܹڽҡ
һԽʲôʲôͻ
ϯȻĪȻ˵ˣȥһ¡
ɭԤ׼Թûãɯ˵Ĺ֦ͷ˷˳
ɯЩãȻվڵϣϵ˹˾¶ʧʱһһ㡭ԽԽռ˫
ܵˣĿ䵽ϵ˹˾ϣЩɵؿڵϵ˹
ɯϵ˹˾һص㡭ϳˣ
ɯü㡭ô˺ܶࣿ
裡
ùã

Ϊɯ˵ĶŮֶӣҲڷӦǰס
һʱ̣ɭͰһۣĳˣֻһˡ
һټôˣҪϢģǸÿԴȥ¥
ڶϣɭѾæµˣɭڼпϰߣҲϾ
ٽ磬һ˲Űݷá
ʵǱǸǶ̫ˣ˵һֱ˵ҹԽһЩϵ˹˾ЩȻ
ȣüѾȫʧȡ֮Ǹ˺ϲ
⡣ɭЦЦȻߵɯ˵˵ĸоΣԸ֪һҵĳɹ𣿡
ɯѾɷ֪ԼǱλľʦˣݺǳãǰδеĺá
˵һľ𣿡ɭʵ֪Լûȫ
Ȼ⡣ɯ΢ЦҿԱ֤ѾȫˣֹǾϵĴˣȼָˡ
ȼ
ɭһĿɨЩȵľȼʮ˼
ɯһ漴ŷԼȻ͸ǰλСľȼ۵׻һĨأ漴ЦǵģʵϣҸսʱͻˣֻұһ˲ˣȴԹӲдҲΪҲͻˣľһֱҵľкҽж
Щ꣬ҵľƣڶԿһֱ޷ѹ⵽ƻҲԽԽû㣬ٹʮ꣬Ǿͼֲȥˡ
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827 λָ

ɭҲû뵽ɯ˾Ȼ״Ҳѹֻ֮ǰǰ쳣ˡ
ϵ˹˾һмΣɯܹҪлɭʦʲôҪ󣬲һɯǱļ壬岻ݴǡ
˵ţһöָ˹˵㶫ֲɯľ֮Ҳıǵĸм¡
ɭӹŷһöλָ
ⶫռкܶ࣬Ȼ磬ռȴǼġĲ˵ֻϯھǰλûλָЯ׾֪ˡȻϯпռ۵ģǶСҲһȴǾװ»׵ģװһװƷ
λָͲͬˣɭ֪λָǽȡʵռģֹҪļһҪø߲ǮٶҲ򲻵Ķ
Ƕ壬ûһĵ̣ҲǺѻһöλָġ
ⶫ̫ˡɭҪܾ
ϵ˹˾֮ǰ㲻ÿöλָڵĲƷռϵҪС࣬˵Ǽ̭ģҲû̫ô
ɭĬȻǼ̭ģλָⶫǲӶġ
ɯס֣ЦӯӯλָҲ󲻹ҵҿһλʮ˼ľʦ
˵زˣɭҲپܾΪʲôҪԺЮͼ
˵Ӧ߶һģҸոȬǱҪȥ¶棬ֻԺپˡ˶٣ɯ˵Ժദʱ䳤أǲڵһһϦ
ɭ̫ףߺ󣬰ɯ˵˼ԺӦҪھӡ
˼ǡɭЩȻ㿴Ҷˣɯ˵Ǿʦ˵֮ǰʧȥȸأȫ¿١
ЦĻǵȻܺˣھѺöҶһ¡
ˣϽǸλָж󡣡ЩȲصϯʵһöλָģöλָĸ׵ϲر̰ƣĸ׻λָ޵ļȥһֱϷ֡ĸ˵öλָĿռֹܵһ򣬼ѵʱȫ˲Ϣ佫ĵ̺ʲתߡ
ɭҲЩ棬˳˵̽һȻˡ
ôˣʵȻϵ˹˾˵öλָռСôСҲӦñȿռ۴ɣ
ɭɫЩŹֵλָȷʵԼĪȸػҪС࣬ǡ
ʲôЩ
ɭ˿ڿˮλָġ
ģɴ۾òҪ˵
ɭ˵ͷ
涼Щʲôʵ
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˶٣һһЩױƷͻƷǼʶݳƷƣڶһµġ
һô˵Щʱ˴͹ģ
ɭҡҡͷǵһɯྫʦ˵޹ϵ˹˾һʾûУЩƷͻױƷӦþ׼ġϵ˹˾ɲս㣬Ҳ˵ˣ岻ֹһöλָû´λָӦҲСλָϵ˹˾Ӧϰ߽ԼʲսλָС
ԣλָӦʱճģȴʱðġ
ˣҲ˺òáֻ̾˼͵ô󣬿¡
ҡҡͷЩȨǾôһݴ񣬼ֲ֮ԺҲ̫鷳ȥˡ
һĴ˼ת۾úö˴룬ǻ㡣
ɭȻҲˣǺ⣬˵ԴĻʵ治ԼҪȥǡ
Ͷ·ˣϵ˹˾ǿҲﲻæ
ˣЦЦҵذٷϴˣЩõϡ
ķӦҲ⣬Ҳû£ɯƵ˲ȵһȥŰɣдʱ϶յҲյ
СȵǼʴ˶Ƿ飬һ޶ܣʱû˸ңҲ㡮ġ
ɭЦȻµˡ
üȻδģôֵطǳ
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828 

㣬ˣ
ճԹɭ㿪꽫յϼܣɭҶżæŵ˹
ôˣɭһһСľڻһ㣬æɾˣȻͷʵ
ɭҶŴҸʯһȥװǣһ̵ǾͿһſ¡ҸʯȺû취뿪ԾǶһ֡
ԭǼĵ̻˺ӣ˺ӽ̵ù⣬ҳҪ⳥ȻǸȴϣݼҳ˽ҽ̲ŰѺӽ̻ġǼҳǳȷʵ˽̣˽ھӼҵĶӣһˣԲܳ⣬˵ӵ˼ҷֵġ
˵ɭҶЩҿǼҳòιȥ˵⳥ȥҽԺƣͰ˵仰
ԽԽС˵ʲôʸ֤ҸʯˣʵſļҸʵ
˵ڻû˵ص㣬ɭЩͷˣ˵ص㣬׳ʲôˣ
ʯˣɭҶ޳¹ȥ˫Ьʯ˵ЬҪȥѳֵļذףǾͷֿˣԼڸۿڼϡ˭뵽ҵ˸ۿڣ˿Сʱˡȥ̳һȦˣ֪ʯǱһȺԲ׳ߵġ
ҾǲΪ֮ǰ໰ǸĵĽԲ˰ʯ
ɭüʯ𣿡
ʵʱѾ㿪ԸʯƵǱ߳ٳٲ
ɭҶһԵһû˽ӡ
ɭĿһ䣬ʱûܵ谭
ɭҶҡͷûС
εȸУһͬһɳĿĹâӶܿͽȸװˡ
ʱ˿ֻ̣Ҫװǵˣ֫ٺͬӶһ㣬˵ѹӸ߿ս¡
ͷ·ǵѾĴסһ㡣
ɭƳʾׯ᳤ûԥͽ
ɭʦڸʲôҸ˵Ϊʦǲ޹ѹƽģӲһ䣬ׯ᳤̲ס˵˭˭Σ޹İհ
ɭû޹ѹƽҵܱܵץˡ
ʲôׯ᳤һ㶣ȷûŪ
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ׯ᳤üϽܵҵȻѾ߰
ҲɭһɰʯǱ˹иЧ֮С
ǡׯ᳤᲻ܵѾװתˣ
ʵڲԸʵΪܹĲǼ󺱼ءװϲûʲôرǿ֯Ҫ˵ĻܵӦþЩΪȸϰװϷչľʦˡ
һǾʦ֮ìˡ
ͷͺ
ܣɭȴն
һԵɭҶСһֱͷ
϶ׯ᳤ȴЩ֣أ
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˵Ҳ죬ɭɭ˫̥һģģԸ츳һֻСϸе룬˸ҲáȻƫƫôһϲ뽹ϵ˫̥֮ȫûӦɭҶɭʯ˵˫̥òһԸһ츳һܶҲ޵˫̥֮ȴǴСӦ
ԶԶԣҸҿ϶ʯװǡ˶٣ɭҶʯڵƽԼװǣ϶ôƽ
ȻоЩףɭҶ˵϶ׯ᳤ʱҲͷˡ
ҪþЭȥһ£ׯ᳤ʵ
򶨣ȴǿҪˡ
˲֪ȴ֪ģɭһֵУ˵츳Ǹɭʯǰμģỹδ顣
˵䲻ģЩѪͳ۵ľʦֱʵ
áɭҾûܸǵĵطôֻҪǼطˡ
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µľ򸲸װǣȴҡ㻹ֱܷļطˣ̶ֳȵĲٿֱδš
ɭȴһϡƽⲻȻ𣿡
ׯ᳤㱻ҭ
ɭõ˼ص㣬ׯ᳤ҵ飬ֱӱֻ֪ͨȥѲˡ
ǧҪ鵽ǧҪ鵽
ׯ᳤ֱȻһСʱ󣬷ֻ֪ͨҵˣṩĵص֮һҵġ
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829 ʦ

ɭʯϱͻģŵǸ뿪ʱûϻ·Ҳ˵ӡ
ɭ˷׷˿
ɭɭҶ֮ǰæȻ֪ɭʯʧ٣ǻ˶ҵˣûôţֻǵ׻ǵԿ
ܵĥӣʱ
ʯô£ôһ͸ˣɭʵ
԰԰ɭҶǲɵȻŲʶܡ
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ɭҶһ㶣ҵĶʲô
ɭʯ㲱أ
ɭҶʶȥȴһգʱڨڨ֪ʲôʱˡ
СʱѵӪһζɱһͷǣ̹ٸĽЩһֱš
ɭʯҧЩʵҲҲǾżҪˣģܱץ𣿡
ʯ̫ʵˣʱôûиҷͨѶɭҶʵ
ҷˣͨѶȥ˵Աˡɭʯ޵
ܣҵһֱúõģɭҶе
һԵɭӦЩ˴ź
̾˿ɭʯʯԺҲҪֻרעһɲˣҪȻ׼ҪƭڶΡ
ɭʯûȴ޷ɭĻ
ɭüʯʲôû
ɭʯҪҡͷͳɵҲǣұʱע䲻壬ǡƺûá
ǻˣ
ɭһæ𣿡ҪǸԶҩʲôġ
⡣ɭʯЭ˰ҴԺˣʲôûҸ˵ǱߵҽԱ˵ҩȼ̫ˣҵȼָߣԶҲЧ
˶٣ҵûҩǱߵҽԱҵѪûͬ⡣
㲻ͬǶԵġɭׯ᳤ԷֻƿȲܱȵܲѪҺһ㲻Ǵ
˰ʯʲô˰ץߣԼ֪𣿡ɭʵ
ɭʯҡҡͷ֪һطͱƭ棬ûйԻ
ɭͷ󣬾Э˵𣿡
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ׯ᳤ٴȸ룬һȴݷɭֱȥһλʦء
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ʢǱׯ᳤ӱչӲгģ˲Ѿȥ
Ȼ֪µĴԼŮȻ
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830 ͨ籨

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Эׯ᳤ЦһЭû꣬ԲŻô档
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832 Ԯ

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λ᳤ǳĺˣǰҲûͱ¨ӣԷһβǱףȴһβűӸǰ̯Ӹʰˣ
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ۼԽԽ뿪ȻضʧˣǵģǵĸʲҲ˴룬ʢҲסˡ
󣬸ͬľʦһһ˴ǰЭ
һߣɭԾѾˣûٹעʢǵĶʱֵ¡ܹժѾժòˣȻʣ²ٿĹЩȫԽũûæǲҪΪ
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СǱߵĿŪˣɭʵ
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ǸǧС㡭С˵Էǿ;ҵݣƺҵѾǣԲŻҪǮ
˶٣ӵѪĺǮ
ȳƣɭü򣿡Ŀȷʵ٣ϾŬǵĳūҲ򣬱˵Ļһ򵽡
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833 ɯ

Чӹɣʮ֮ͽһûõĺӽɭ
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úõģ˵Щɨ˵Ļɯͼ˹Щ̫ذһۣҲڸһ㣬浽˱ĸǰȻġ
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ġվһͻڸĺ̵һߺͰȼΪƵʬ壬˵Ļɡ뵽ûǶ㵽һСүˡ
СүӵѪ츳һȵ˻صͼ˹ң˳ļ̳ˣЩ츳ΪɶļƲСү̳С
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834 

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Сÿûôɫ⺢ӵòҲǼˣĸǸˡɭ
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ˡɭֵͽɭӣõĲӣСͽвӲӣϣԺӵвõЦݡ
˵ǰɭǺܲģɭѩ֮ԽɭѩΪʱѩˣɭ֮ԽɭΪʱúܺáֻ֮Ҫʲôʺ֣Ǻӵ־׶ˡ
񰲶ˣ˼ԢЩ֡
ֵͦõġɭЦЦʵӲιʲô
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ȻһٰʮǰҲСһλ½ŮԾʦλŮԾʦᣬȻһūǳȴᡣ
ɭһ㶣ʵѵǼеūǲ᣿
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835 һ

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˼÷εʵϣѰūҪһʮ򵽣ūֵֻͨõ㣿
ɭһ˼ǡ
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̵ʦģǼʸ߲ҲҪģº˵ԺѣӦûԭǸײ˼ۡ
ײ˼ۡ
ɲǰײ˼ۣ
ɭǹһĨ
鲻̫ã÷æ֮ǰĻΪĹϵ˶᲻ǸмʶģˣЩСֱǸҪǮһᷢȻ
Ƕ̿ɭȻʲô
Цλʦڵһ޶ưЩЩСȢ˼ʦڵǽԼҵСỴ̈˼
ɭ۾ɴˣòᡭ
÷ЦͷλʦǸ߲ܵģص뷨ԼѾӵôأܶ˶ԣһһظЩҶ˿϶Ļظ
ȵʦǱӭȢķɴȥˣЩС嶼ɵˣȻƱǿȲ˵ȣʦķʵʵģûȴԼʯͷԼĽţȴҲֲ˱ˣֻܿԼĶȥС
˵÷һЦλʦرԭΪЩŵĹӶֻСûʸ򡣺˲ʮ꣬ԼһصũСӭȢЩڼų̷㱻Ѫ
ƫƫʦĹ磬Ϊ̷ʵ൱ڰūȫûʸģǵĺӣȫԾǵ˵ġʦˣرǸũСһʼӣֱһЩ̷ܵġ
ڣʦȸҲǶһġصķչ˼ҿǴ̷򡣡
ɭĿɿڴ
Цŵ˵ͷʵϣΪٳһʦҶ̫ҵˡ
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̵ʦʦȸУʦūǳбȽϺദˡǸȴǲˡǵ£ûҲϲʦ˵ˣԳԸһ¡
ɭ֪һ£ͲС˰ɣڵǵλ𣿡
ǸũС÷ʦ۹أǸũСﵱʱҿƽƽ棬ȸ֮ȴ츳ǳãȼѾʮżˣҲһλˡ
Ӱ졣϶ԣһв̤˲תİˣҲӰ졣ˣԵúʦҪʦʵġ
ʵϣʦ;˲ǾͲٵ⣬ֱزˡ
ɭû뵽лôһԵͷԺлһҪλʦ
£ɭѾΪֹˣȻȴһ¡Щ廹ûж
ˣǹԡ
ǣɭû뵽ǣһ벻ܵǰм˻ýˣ
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÷Ҳһɯˣ˵ոȸ¿ôˣ
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836 

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ԷϵЦݺһᣬȻ˫ˮʱ˿ȴżǸ⡣
ǿԣҲӵ飬롭ñ㲻죬»ܿοһΪṩһ²οɯ΢Ц
ɭǳ˳飬ԣǡ
ɯ˴ӿռȡһϣЩӴĶЩӵϣҴ㿴һ
ɭһӳȥ
ɯ˺Ц֪ײһ˶ôõ飬ǡҪ֪ȷʶȴһ顣ͷ㲻죬Ȼţôһ㿪ġ
Ҳǰ㴦Ҫ֪ȻҲһЩ竰Զ壬ڴʦͶԴ£ĺһϿԳƵ㣬Уǳ˶䱦
ҪһһĻᡣ
㻹ᣬҪڳԡ
ò˵ɯ˵ĿڲĲɭĺѲĶ䡭
ⱲܹоϢӦҲתˣȻǼ̫ˣԶԷĸӦһֱǺǿ
һ֪ǰ£˭Ҳұ֤ϢⱲûתȥ
ţɭ̬⶯ҡûԭƻɴؾܾ
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㿴ɣЩûд飬ҿԲһ¡
ɯδϲʮݡ
ԭҪ࣬һЩʵǲҾ͸ܾˣõߵģһЩпȡ֮ġɯ
ЩϻҪپģҲҺɯڣɭҪˣϾֻǱ
ҵĹӲƽӹΪƷԲҲûֵܣĸԸҲܿ㣬ȻˣΪƽƽ㶼ĽҵҵˣĸҪΪȢ㣬Ϊ롣
ҵĹӲܵǳڣʮͣȼѾʮļˣھѾУ٣Ҷǿսģνѵá֮ԻȢ㣬Ϊ˵òλӡȽϿɫ
彫λӵ϶͹ˣֵһ츳ڣһ츳ڣ൹ǶֻԸȴرǰºǫѷѾûѪˣԻѡһᣬǷǳ˳µ顣ֻǡЩ⣬ֵܲ൱ûн̳ˣѡһˣƱػΪ̳ˡ¡˵Ҳã˵Ҳãػ¶Ǹм֣ϸġ

˵ǶĹӣÿһг֮ûȱ㣬Ѱ˻ɯȴ赭д㽫ʵɭ
˵һλɯ˵ıЩӡ
һλ˵ǲӦýϷŽģǡλ͹ȣԭǼΨһļ̳ˣǴѪǲܣⶼӹɵ顣ȻǰڵǼѣΪ˱ڱǼеľϯΪٽմ˱ģں˸ٵȻȴܵشֲ״̬
˶٣ˣĸĸһսͬڵļ֧ԵϵҲĸܰȻڲϣȴʼ᧿Σ
ɯ˿ɭаĺӱίʵ㣬òܻƷԶû覴ã֮ǰ˵˶䱦ԣĴ⣬һǽϴˡ
ûв´֮ԻԲΪ˾ˣ¶˶Ǵ鷳˵ȴǡ
ɭüҲ˵ĸĸѾˣ˭ϵݹģֵܲܽðɣ
ûֵܽãҲû岮ɯҡͷʵϣϵݹЩ֧ʾð׸
ʲôɭһ㶣ѵ֧˰Ѱϳȥ
ǵġɯ˵ͷ
ɭüĻѹ֮󲻻Թޣ˵ĸӦҲҰٷ֮һٱ֤ԷǾϢ
ġɯȴЦҡҡͷ㲻֪Щ⡣
ĸǼ֧ԭĵϵûãŽ׹̣ŵԳΪļ̳ˡ
ˣڵļ֧Ҳ졣
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837 ǣ

ʵϣҶڰ˵顣ɯ˵ؼȻǶ壬ΪϵѪᣬڰǰĺɽͷˡ֮άϵʵǰ׵Ĺ͡
ɭ¶ȣɯ˽͵Ϊϵƣǰϵ˵ϵͷϣ֮λ˼ĸȻϵȴ⡣Ϊǹ¶˵ǴѪʵСûʲôӣһֱԼͨˡĲʵǳڣͼ˹ļΪŮ
˶٣ɯ˵û˵ͼ˹壬ȻǶ壬Ҳһ塣ͼ˹Ϊ֪ľǼʢˣԼһ峤׸Ů
׸Ů峤ɭһͲϰǣ
Ǵ˶ǵ飬ǡɯЦͼ˹һǳֵļ壬岻ʢˣҼ˻̳һֻ򲡣ʹǲûȻȻûȴһֱҲˣͼ˹ȻΪΪĶңÿһμǿеģûһǡ
ԡĸԭͼ˹Ԥһμɭ
ûɯ˵ʵϣھ֮ǰͼ˹ģʱֻаǽ¶ͼ˹
ȵȣɭͻȻ뵽һ£ǰĻҲŴ˻򲡣ûģ
ġɯĸǴѪᣬһѪȻ΢ˣӦò̳л򲡡
ɭһ⣬ֵ㲻֪Ѫܹѹƻ򲡵ģȻѹƲһֱЧġǰȢӲᣬĶӦþûˡ
ʵϣܶඥ嶼л򲡡ԽĻԽײ򲡣ҲǶÿͻȢһϱԭ֮һ
ɯ˼֮ǰĻʱؼҵϵļ⽫ҴиЩϵǡǸʱ򣬰֮ѾʼϵĴڣҲɴ˷֧е⡣˵ǻѾ׸ͼ˹ͼ˹ֻһǶ壬˰ؼҼһʩѹ֮ͼ˹岻òűӸ˵Ļ״̬׸ΪļȢ¶ҲΪΪؼҵļ̳ˡ
ԣ˵Լ岻жĹУ֧ίʵĺ׸£Ե˻ᷴвԸȴδء
ɭ˼Ƭ̺ȹȥҪȷ϶ԷǲǾϢĻǶԷٿĹҲ޹ء
ɯȻͷ
˴ԡѰԣͣҲˣǿӰϾһѵҰ
ԴˣдʶɭҰ̫ˣΪǵʱʳȰץ˳ԵһЩ
ֱ˵Ϲ˵ҰҰҪһЩʳɭУЩǾԲȥҰģһЩɽĽʲôġ
ɭҲø죬ϲԣȥˡ
صĹ滮ѾˣֻΪڲʣҪȵٲ֣˴ͦеģɭҪĹӹ˾ӡ
ЩӣҰȷʵЩˣɭһЩȥ
鷿ӹ˾棬ĵ˽
ɭûֻû⣬ͷĹڹ־һ¼ƻһԵİͻȻ˾С
֪ˣ
ȻعͶɭζĿ⡣
ôˣңͻȻʶһ飬ɭܡûзְǾϢ
ôʶˣɭƮƮʵ
˿ڿˮʶĸ׸游ʶСʱ档
ӼתеǼһɰˣҴ°Ϳ˵ģСʱ׽ŪңһȺһҵȹӣ游ΪȢңĸ׿ܾˡ
ѾӦӦˣ϶ֻǱ棬ôݶԷС
ɭĸǳΣĸϵˣ϶кøС
˵ɭɲֲˣȢˣ϶ԷϹϵ
ǼһΪֲˡ׵ľǴһӵĽࡣ
Լֱ̫ˣȻ̧ͷͶɭƤЦⲻЦ
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838 ¶

˵ʲôĿȴиɻʲôʱ㣿Ǹ˱ͺᰡɱý˵Ϲûмʵġ
ɭǺǣ𣿡
Ȼˣֱȴ׳
ɭһۣûм粵
ΣֻҪȥۿһ֪ˡ
鷿뿪İȴüͷһɣɭòĿʲô˰ɣ
Ӧòɣ
Ҳ֪ٶʲôˣĻɭһῴߵġ
ɯ˸ջصԼأϵŵ˾˿ɫ΢Цʵ˳
ǸĿˡɯ˵ԭΪŶ»ǳܣϵɭý˵Ӧ˼Ҽһ档
ϵŵ˾ЩһܹԸ
ɯԥµ˵ҴȥϵȻͣ˵ʵ۵Ҳһˡڽڷɣڵǣ䲻ɭġ
ʵϣɭǶֶǵ䲻ʣ϶ᶯˮ˼
ϵŵ˾һ˵İ֪Ǹ
ҪȻ˭ɯʵ
ϵŵ˾ӵǸ˶ھһ⣬ܻѾˣҪκá²ס
ɯҾɭܳΪ⣬̫ǿˡ
ϵŵ˾̾˿ҲǵùǾΪµͷֻ֪жΣΨһܹԸ籩ĳŲˣߵһĸĸԼͼ˹ļ򸾣Щ˶ˡĹѫϲڸǣ֪Լľ˭
Щȴɯ֪ģ۾˵Щģ
ǧȷϵŵ˾úãҲֻЩˡ
˵ǿ֮һȻҲǿȴ㲻ˡǧһֱ·弶ȴһֱѸͷչؼ֮Իܹڶһϯ֮أҲЩĳڱ֡
Ǽʷһλδʮȼʹﵽʮ˼ĳţͷôԸ԰ؼҿ֡
񣬰ؼ֧ΪԼҰĶѾǵ޴ܹݵˡ
ɯ㿴ܳɣǻһˡ
ص˹¼֮ɯǰֵһ޶˽ȴһֱ͵͵۲˹Ȼô۲죬ԷԼ̬ȶһ޶ûκ
ûлǶԷݼ̫ˣȻλԶ˽⣬Է˼񶾣ȴԲסˡ
ȻĿǰΪֹܻɵҲֻһˡ˹ǡܲͼ˹˰ɣ
ԣͼ˹˳϶ֹǵﰲߣ²ǰȻԼҪ
ԼС㽹ǵôѴѵͷҲòУҼһܣ˵᲻ɭСǱ߳⣿
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ûɭСģΪԷûǸͣΪ϶˽⣬Ǹˡ
ɯֻǻɭСĻ˲µʲôԼŻᱻ˶ϣǵﰲŻᱻ˶ߡ
ˣһҹڷߵϣڰյڻҵɭСס
㡭ɭСľͷǱˣȴû뵽Ǳ߻ɯ
ʲôΪԼĮȻɯУȴǸֱŤĺӡ
ʵϣɯ֮Ҳһֱڰй۲Է
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žݣɭСĲͨͨݺݵ㲻ҪϷŪң
ڸ˵˵ԼƸɯһҹ飬û˵ǣɯʵûиҩҲûκյΪֻǽ˵ˣɭСȫܲԺͺ˷˹ϵ
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839 ¿

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ڶסô꣬˹˶ԣѪĺȻڴʵĲƸ
ҪѺӸ𣿡ɭСҲͷ
֪ĶɯĶˣȻԷȴֻԼһֹߣһŻȵļֱ͸׽ˮһ׵ĺˡ
˵ʲôɯˣ漴۾òᡭΪ˰Ѻˣ
أѺӲصˣץɭСʵ
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ȻûУǹ˼ϣɯҪˡ
ΪʲôҪҡɭСŵ
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ɭС֪뷨һԭѾĿʼ¡
ѵòᣬʵɯСҲϲҵģ
㣬ɭС̬һӱ
ɯ͵Ŀ⣬̲סʵһغӡòǴɣ
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ˣɯһ㶣㲻ūļˡѵūŬǵˣҲ֪Щ˳Ŭǣߺӡ
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ܹūˣһΪļЧҪһӣ˵ףҲʲô¡
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СɭСҲ͵
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⡣ɭСҲӰɣӷȫ
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ѾźˣҵŮչǵﰲġɯ
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İɣ֮ڣаͻʮļɭСһŵѼ⣬Ҳõģæġʵϵĵɭֻɯǰֻɭơ
Ȼ˵ɯȴһҲûзģһ걾Ͳһ̵ܶʱ䣬ԸӷֿôãɭСæҲһ˳Ѽ˹жѲû˱ˡ
ȻɭСȴĲЭ˵ʲôϸĸļġ
ϻɭСʵǣȻڵˡ
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ߺɭСȴ˿ȻֿһɵЦ̫ˡɯСûѺ
صԼĵ̣ȲʵôС㣬ʳʲô𣿡
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˰죬Ȼ⡭˵׼һء
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840 ȷ

ɯ۾ɴˣǵﰲˣ㻹˵Ǻ£
˵ĺ²ν͵СȻû˵ʵɭСкøеĶ𣿡
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ѾǳˡյԴӼ£˶ɭС֮⣬ֶ˭йĺøУ
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ɭСҲΪĳǸǵˣԼɭСĳɳ̫ˣԶԶŻãýˣȻͬĹ˼ֻ࿴ᡣ
αأ
ΪʲôһأЩ
ɯ֪ΪʲôȰԼ˵Цͼ˹ĻʵֻԣŮʵҲŴһĻŴ
һֻΪһӡ
ˣĸ̸ٰΪ̳ˣ游ҲὫǲɢΪ游˼ĸҸԲûܺǸġ
м飬̸˾͸ˡ
ɯѾǵﰲҲ˵ԺǸɭСһ𣬷ⱲӶеڶˡ
԰յĽɯЦԺԺ˵ɡ
֪ǵԺ󼴱һҲ޷ΪԷŮ֮Զºһң޷õҸ
ɯѾˣԺ󲻻˽飬ǵﰲΨһĺӣһ·ͼ˹һӶ׸塣
ɭһ̤˶
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֮˵ĵһоǷǳи
˵ܶҵΣĶɫҲѹܰҵˡ
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ŶɭЩ档
һֱЩûɵİҲ˹
ɯǰĶҲûز˵ĸоЩ᱾ĩ
ĸ֣˵úС
ɭһ漴Щ˼ˡ
֮ĺɽԽã˵ӦôзװӣȻԱˣƺҪάΪߵ棿
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һɯȻǶˣԼȴһûУˣǵֱӾӡ
Сʱһ˾վһҽԺſڡ
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ΪΪļ̳ˣԷֲˣҲӦڼС
ϾΪ壬Ӧòȱǵ㹺ҽ豸ƸרҵҽԱǮ
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˶٣ҽԺǰĸ׵˽ʱ͸û˼ҽԺ㽫ҽԺεĸ
˵ɭҲܹµеСʲô
һ˽ҽԺҽԺĹȻ͵õ֪ͨˣǲŽȥҽԺԺʹż˵ȺǶˡ
Ժɯǰк
º͵̬ȣλԺɫȴǵģƺӭǵĵ
Ҳǣ뷨֧ģԷĻ⣬ΪĸԺԸ⿴ǲŹ֡
ɭ޷ھܾӼЩˡ
˫һԺܿͽߣֻһɭǰȥĲ
ʼɫɯҪһգοڶûܹԸ
ܿ죬Ǿ˶¥ڰĲ
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вϲϲϲ
쿪ֻ֪Ҷغ;Ϣ֮ԼţֻҪѣɭӦϲ
ȻʵϣովʱɭѾϳǾϢˡ
վڶԷǰ͸ȷˡ
Ժ䵭ڵҲˣкܴһӶѹˡֻϣȻһӣԵҲ֧뷨Ҳ޹ء
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841 ĸ

ĳɯ˵һɫüٶµ˼£볤ĺڷΪ΢΢Ĺϵ˵ʶԵüΪ޺
һҲһλٽһλΣоǧڵӢۡ
֮䣬ԺĻɭ΢΢Цܹѹ
ʲôԺ͵תͷ˹
ԾĲֻɯ˺ͰͬԾ
ǰǳԾôѵǳԾɭƺϳˣ
ոաڸҿЦԺٴοڣȻЦĿȴΪơ
Ҳǣ˺ǾæһλʦԷ˵ˣȻ󲿷ھУͬܵһδ֪ԪصʴԷľȻΣǲΣֻҪüλʦϧ۳֣ǲڵδ֪ԪصĻɻֲˡ
£ɯȴǲ֪ģЩԾȻ㿴ɭ
ΪԼǾܴ֪У֪ɭֻܲƾˡ
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ɭȴǱ鲻䣬΢ЦΪʲôң
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ģⳡ׬ˣǼٵġ
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ֱ֤鵱Ȼǰٷ֮һЧģԷǷڣΪûдɣҲ޿κΣԷڵ²ܵǴ
ȻѾܹģһʦԼˡ
ҵǸңֻǡɭ˵°ͣĿ䵽ϵİϣżˡֵ𣿡
ͰڲصüһԵİû˿
Ժŭˣţ˭ָı˵ֵã
ֵˣԺǾʦҲ˵㡣
ֻҪܹѹ
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ɯ˶֪ôչģȻعʱͷɭѾǩ˱֤飬ԺżֵҽԺĹԱæתư
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һװǿһҷԺʱϣɭʦܹҵİݷá֮ʱԺڵ
Σȷƽ޷ġ
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ԣԺ۾һɭ̬ȣ˼ġ
ĿҽƷɴ뿪Ժ뿪תͿͷ󺹵
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˿ԺԭӦͣҽƷɴλãҧѵöԷѰˣ
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˵һȭ㷴Ӧˣץסȭͷϣҩ˻ˣϰԽҪõҩһ飬ڿѾ׼μˣ
˵ʲôˣ˽ҽԺǰĲҵԺң㱻˰ˣ
˽ѣҽǶģԲȥô궼û⣬ûڳ⡣
ô£Ҳ侲ˡ
ЩұͣٽҽԺܵøͰһǡֲˣûٽɽµˡԭģ񶼲˵ˣ˵ؼ֧뾡취ǽš
һ
ع˵𣿡ʵ
ҡͷҵ룬粻ǾֽɳȥˡԴ£ûٱЩֺõ񡣡
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̾˿漴Ӧ԰ҽԺٰ߲ȫˣҲܰѰɭʦ
Ȳ˵ԷǲǺ֧ı㲻ǡԼ׸˸ô룿
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842 

Ϻ˼һȻ֮ԽɭʦǾ˼ǵġ
ǽɭı֤˵ԷӵѾǵõȷ֤ģΪԷֵҶһġǳɹˣǾռ˴ˡ
˵뷨
Ƭ̺˵ʵûλɭʦ˵ġȫǸ˰ǺͰĸȣҲй֮޲һʦ˵ʵҲðʲôԿ
Ҫ֪ĸ׿ͼ˹壬ͼ˹壬ǿǳʢ˰
ΪòⶫǼûʲôôùò̫ǳʲôġʵϣòǼʾϡȱԴܹǻ۲ܱȼһʡ
˾òⶫһǴȻʵ
ȻĻΪʲôԽԽ˸̾һأ
ͬĴһ˹ַ˻ᱻָ𣬵һ˷ˣҵһӦȴǰο
òǷܷӳ벻Ч
۾ԲˣͲ°ڶԷ
ġҡͷҰСAڰˡ
ʱ㵣ʲôʱСAŪֵģ
СAǰԭĹܼһˣһڳܼ֮һ˾䵽֧ϣͨƽоƬЧңӶҵ
Ϊ˽СAû취ȴʧˡ
׼ȷ˵ҰСA˻СAԼӳġϵҲǲ֪ҽԺСAϵͳ
СAţǵȷҪȫࡣĵ
ɴϣɭڰߣ°Ͱؿ
ûа취κλӦȴһҲӰɭĺ顣
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̾˿װһʵûϵҪѹ⡭
˭Ҫˣɭֲⶼû취
ûǣԼǾʱ˶ʲô
׻˵һһֵԼǿȡˡ
һ²۾ģ
Ѳɻм٣ɭü
ȴʱһԵİָ˶
˵ʵɭͰû̫⣬֮ǰ˵ȫʧȥʶָżᶯһ£ֻǳ
Ȼû뵽ǣԷ۾Ȼˡ
һ˫۾ǺĹ⣬ؿף·µԴʶ
һ˲䣬ɫһһȡԭڵ
ɭֻһհף·񶼱ȡ
һ̣һֵֻǰ
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֪طӦȻϢô
˫ɫȴʼտԼİŮûзֳ˿
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䣬Էٱ鰮ٿˡ
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ҪԼְǿϢڻУ㻹ֱܳҵ۾
˶٣κϴβһ̵ֺֻܳܶʱ䡣
Թ壬ȴǵһʱ䷴Ӧðŷճ֣ǲʲôҪϢҪ
ֱʱ򣬾ϢĿſżɻ
治ҶΪʲô˱ѡ
ɭ۾ſҲΪ⣬ߴٵǲǰ
ϢĿƿɭһ塣
ʲôɭһ㶡
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ʲô˼ɭˣʲôûбȵļֵ
Ϣ̾ϢʱΣڹȥڡ
˼ǡɭȻ
˼ǲʲôֶܸı䡣ϢһѾ磬һһѾ鵱ɵ硣
ԣҲɵˣԣ磬ˣҲ޷룿
ǵġϢͷɭ㲻һҪ뿪ĻĽ֣ữա
ɭһʶǣûдԽռ
ǵĺСϢⱲӵתܹŵʱ䲻ᳬ֮꣬Ϊܹ磬ʱ뿪
ȵȣڵѵҶȥۣ֮
ڻʱ򡣡ϢȴҡͷҵļƻҪپ磬ܹ֮ۡ
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843 ˺

ɭͰþûпڣôؿѾٴγ˯İ
˿ĵطһȭͷСĻ˵Ȼعرˡ
¡ɭ̾˿ͻȻô죿
ʲôûܷӦ
ɭüô뿪磿
ڵȴЦİɣҵ㲻һҵĻֻҪҲ룬˭ҲɱҡȻ룬Ҳˡ
仰û˵ɭ˿Ǿ̫ˡ
Ҫ˵ЩģͻȻҽ豸Ϸ˼ľתͷһͷְͬһһһݺѪڡ
ɭҲֱӶʼƣȻϵǣϵĿȻвٱˣȴиµѪڳˡ
⡭ɭɴ۾
̾˵ôܹ־ǱҪĴۡ
ɭæٻɫĹ˹롣
Ӧò̫ˡ̾һ
ʱɯͻȻſڴ˹
ôˣʲôˣ
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Ȼ԰ɭЦϵ˺ɱȾϵ˺ƶˡ
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˴ߣɭͰŹˣֽڵķϵͳˡ
ȥʱ𡭡ɭı˵ĸӡ
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㲻Ҳܡ
ƾʲô
ҶŬţƾʲôδѾˣ
Ĳʣο룬Ҳûãʱ޷ҡıԴ򡣡
˶٣ô룬ǼʵĽֻãȻϢ˵ȵⱲӵתҲǾ˵Ǽûġʱ䡭ĸҲãĸĸֵܽã඼Ѿˡ
ɭ̧ͷһۣЩЦ˵ʵû취ϰ¡
Ƭ̣Ȼ󿪿ڵϵ黹ͨ࣬ʵһֻ֮УϾõʧȥ
ɹһԲǴûʧȥǵõıʧȥĶࡣ
Լ㣬ʵѾɹˡ
ңӺǰʧˡ
ɭȴǿ˵ûûߵͷʱ͸оǲЩأڽУܿõķ羰õأ
ȴǵȻЦҶԣѾǸõˣڸõķ羰ĸҲˣȻ
Żڵʱ֮ӣûʲôͻΨһ࣬¹սս
˻Ǵˣ˵ʵͦû˼ġ
ֻԣŵĴڣʤһˡ
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ɭҪڣҡҡͷǰֻҪ룬ǾϢˡ
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żֲԾָ
ɭҾͲ֪ˣֻǰѷ㡣Ѿûʲôˣҵڶƣš
ʮңӦþܹѹˡ
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ֻǡ
ҸԤ롣ɭ˵ܱ֤ѹȴܱ֤ܹȫָ֮ǰһ֮ǰ˵δ֪Ԫضʴˣɻĸܵ˲ת˺
ôϴǻʲôõӰ𣿡
Ҳ²ܵӰ죬״ҲǡɭȻЩֻǲ²⣬õѹ֪
˵ʲô˶Σ⣬հ˵ҲҿⱲѪĻ񲻻
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üҸλʮǰݷ𣿡
ɭʲôֽţֲ̫ܣỹÿɭܶ԰ƣĵĲɣ㵽ʱԼԼһ
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844 Ϣ

Щİɭ̾һڳ
Ѿ˰ˣһСʱ˯ʣСʱһֱڿշ
ʵԭкܹܶܶģôأ˵ûеֵĴ죬黹ǺܶģǸɽϵĹз׼ÿɽϽйȵˮ
Ȼʲô
ǸоĿ궼գķʧһ㡣
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ڳ˿ڵĹʱʱЩġ
ǰһӰ춼ûУ˵ģǸʲôζõֻҪֹӾˡ
⻰еǡ
ɭɿЦԼŰɣֿδӡĺ˲Ӧ
˵Ȼʮȸݷˣߵ꼶ˡ
ǰع⡣ܵ
һ߿һߣεò㣬ȴһ˫Ϊ۾
ɭ֪ˣ˵ǼĴʦǼʶһǧλ֮ڵ֡
Сһǧλ֮ڣǼʵȺڻжôӴ֪һǧλ֮ڵķжˡ
аع곤úܸߣҲܽ׳ȻӢ˵ĸоЩľګһ˫Ϊ峺۾
ɭĲ֪ˣֻӶԷоֹܹµԷӦǸˡ
ɭˣعûʲôⷴӦĿ˼ָ̾
Ҳѹ֮ǰ˵ĻˣĶˣȷʵˡ
֪ǵĿģɭҲûжϻֱӾʹ¡
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ʲôɭ⡣
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ЩãȻؿλѣǡ
۾һ˲䣬ɭľˡ
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ˣⱲӵİò϶⣬Ҳûɭйݡݵڵꡣ
Ȼڿ˫۾ɭȴѲ̾
˫۾˵ĸоʵ̫ˡΪһ˫Ӧøĸоʵϣ˫۾ʵ̫ºˣͷůڵ˽ȥĵĴչֵǰ
Ǳһһظţ֪ʱĿ䵽ɭϡ
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Ӧ
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Ͼ͸Ƕˣ˵ûŭ˿ȻֵܱܲóϢһ㣿𣿺ûƵģҲãҲãһ˳òģ
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ͬüͷô𣿡
ŶǡеȡЩڵӡ
֪ΪʲôĿǲܿƵҪȥļˣͷ·ѾܾãȲҪװԼۣԼһ㡣
ôûԶģĸɹǲǶͬԸȤ
ͺԼʵһֱڵȶԷĳһ㡣
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ԶԶԣûʲôоҲӦæĵʵ
һ㶣漴۾Ӧһ۾󣬱ЩصȼֻжʮˣҡҸоԼûа취ͻˡ
֣ȭ塭ҲԭǿˣҸоֻܷӳ˳ɵʵ
㲻ԭֻжʮ𣿡ʵ
Ǵڷ籩ͻһ͵
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ǵġӵжӰ죬˵ܼ֪
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845 

ɭǰʵͶԷһȻʱ˿̣Ϊ˵ϣǱˡ
ɭӣЩ˵ȥҰˡ
ʲôڰķҵ
Щ޾ɵ̧ͷûǸӰʱ˵ô
ɭһ˵ƲƲֻǸȥ˰
㻹û˵ڸʲôأɭٴʵ
Ϸ£һϲָ߿ƼģϷϣԶʵġ
ɭЩϷرȤǶȫϢϷȤҲһʱʶĶˣԸⰲúÿһ顣
ʵʲôӦ
ǰû̫ɣɭ°͵оⱲӵȽϴ飬ƤȽϱɡ
飿㽫ӵԲˣǼһ﴿ˣһֻЦ滢òã
Ц滢ɭһ΢΢ЦᰡⱲӵԸرãر˫۾˵ʱر
ɲҪƭˡƲƲ˵ĸоر޺˵ʱͷµġ
ðɺðɡɭε֪ܴ󡣡
ȻܿգԭĹϵԷ˳Ǻġ
ȻΪܺߵľϢӦһЩ
ƫĵĻͲҪ˵ˣֵġ
ʩԷֱǴ˰˰˾ɶɶǺõġ
ɭҲ
ʱһߵİǱȴһء
СAѾı齫ڵ¼񲥷ųˣڳȴһ㷴ӦûС
ãŻһԼĶͷԡʵת
ӦˡϵԶмأ˵ȷǲֱġ
ǣǡҡ˵Щʲô˼üͷǻڹȥʱУδѾעˣ
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£ôݵӰһϷʵ𣿡
ҵֱңġЩѵؿڵ
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ҡҡͷûа취û𣿽Ѿעʲôͽ͡
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ϵһ仰û˵꣬һԵİعȴǴҲֱ𣿡
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ͷֱ
жһԤСǰÿΰҪʱ򣬱ġ
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˵ɭ͵͵ſ͵İҲסˡ
ʲôɭʵ
а취ıҵδĶԲԣ
ɭҡͷȴͻȻӦ˼ǡ
ͷǼע𣬵Ǽе˻취ǲǣ
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Ⱜĵ֮ĹȻǵģƳƳһε
ȴɭֻҪǼʵ˻û֮ǰתƵλ棬ǼʼˣֿƲ䣬ʵѾˡ
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£Ǳ֮۵ˡ
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ȻˡѰλ棬ȻȥɣһЩλ桭Ͳ˵ˡ
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ȻˡƲƲ֪УѾˣʣµĶᣬȻҿǵġ
ˣʵᡣǣͨڵѪ̫ǳˣɭڵѪ򻹷ǳŨ񡣡
֪ʲô𣿡
ʲôɭ
ɫɵģȻֻγɣǶڴԣһ죬Ϳܽ»ع顣ܷǳͣҲɴɱϴš
ΪԭŴʱ趨ϵΨһһλࡣ֮Ա࣬Ϊˡ
֮ƶΪ鳤ûдڵ磬ֻΪﱻ֧䣬Ӱ첻
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846 ӿ

ɭ΢΢üȻô˵ǣҲô˰ʵ̫ˡ
ЩС飬ǲפģ֮򡭡طǲСҲһװôˡ
ҡ
Щֵؿô񡭡˷ܣ
Ȼ˷ˡ³ˣ֪ô𣿡
ʱıԴ򣬵ͬҲǡ
ʱ䷨ײܶҡͬĽʱ˶תߣôǵĺȻҲĩ·
ͬǼʵ˳ֵλ棬Իᱩ׵ġ
ʱǽ˶ֲͬλ棬ٷŭҲʲô
ֻҪһ뵽ᱻʲôģˬ켫ˡ
ɭ°ͣȻ¡ûʲô
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˵ףûΰ̶ֳȡ
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ɭЩεؿһۣؼҵĿռװô˰
Ǿ֮أཻӣɭĵƲ˵֪ȫҲ֪١
ɭҡͷС̫ΪǱƭҲ˽뾫磬֮򡭡Ҳݲôˡ
ҡͷҼǵ˵ǿԲԾλģȫԽ統תվ͵ͬλС
̫ˡɭ׻˵úã˵뿪Լλˡ˱λ棬һ⡣
ǾԼˡΪֲȴתƣ֮ǰ˵һԸǰ¡ǲܸǵӣԼȻҪԼ𡣡
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𡣡
ᱲа취
ǰһ仰ǰ˵ģǺһ仰
˭
СA
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óһȭͷССˣСһɫĹâȻͿʼ˵
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Ҳ۾ΪһȼʮĴܣڳϵͳ˽òɭ࣬Ҳһ֪
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һԡڵҵǰ˭ⱲǰǼʵһԱҲϣԼڽĨ˺ۼҲϣܽĸѪȥ
˵һ䣬ΪεؿƳɭһۡ
ÿ˵׼Ҫ
ɭǾüֺЦã˵ˣǾȥɡ
˼ԣȫΪ뷨Ըȥ¡
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ķչƻ·ͻȻŻˣƺʲô齫ϲ쵼˼ˡ
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£ɭͰ˽֤ȵؼǱ߷ӦҪڣȴѾûлˡ
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ҡͷˣ׽˳Ըɡ
˵ţЩǸؿɭһۡ
ɭǲ⣬ðؼЩ֧ǵֺγˡ
ˣɯǱߣǲҪһѣʵ
ɯһɯǱôˣѹ̫֮࣬û˼ȥעõ״
游ĸС̷ܶˣɯͼ˹츳Ϊ߳˼̳Уŵ˶
ɫЩ̫ÿɭűȴŹ
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847 Ĺ

˵ɯɯͼ˹ɭ̲סʵ
һɯ
ɭҡҡͷûǡ΢ֶһӡ
˶٣ƺԭǴǸ˻ǮģΪ⽫Ӹ˻
ܣҲɯ£
Ȼ󣬼һ鱨ôһˡ
Ҫȥһ˶ڣɭһ۵Ҫɯӹ𣿡
һԵϾȵ㲻ɯؼ̳˵λã
ûǸҪҡͷȵǨ֮ͼ˹ĴƱҪһϴƣʱܲ˵
ͼ˹ЩϺһҲġ
ͷûΪ˶ӣɯӦҲ
ɭͲˣӵû⣬ǺҶɩչˣǿ²Ѻӽɯ
Щʱ˵ɡǿÿ
ڰǰʱɭҲɭ˽һĽ̸缴ٵδԼǵĴǡ
мһЩݣñȴˡ
ɭ˵϶мʶᶼˡ
ɭһãȻλȥ
ɭͷǷģڣһһӵδźõġ
ˣҲ˵ɭ㶼õ֮УҲȥĵطǶв鷻ȫѡһ
ɭĻһĹǣɭǵӡ
أô죿Щ
õġɭǨƲһӾɵģٻҪȸ꣬ʱ䣬Ӧ㹻ҽһˡ
ԣɭҲ
ٻһ˲ˣ󡭡ǾǺˡ
ɭҲ뵽һ㡣
ɭ˼ԹΪ˺ɡ
ûɭǿǶϣԼĺɣ
ɭͷ
ҪǨ㵽磬Ҫ׼ʲôɭЩץϹǱ׬ٶͨõ㣬˱Ҳò˰ɣ
˷׷׵ͷ
ɭǾʣʳЩ÷ţҲŻǾͽͨõɸֹؽ߿ʯ֮һвֵܹŵסĶ
ôһϴǨֲҪеģ˱Ű
￪ʼֵʱ򣬰ɯˡ
ֱ̤ȸ룬ɯ˶µġû뵽ͻȻˣֱ׸½ŮԾʦ
˲ŵǡ
ǵﰲ⣿ӷɴɯ̲סһΡ
⡣ЩεɭСҲ˵𣿡Ϊñţ͵͵ӴһɭСΪľɯš
һǾøһɯ̾ɭСĹùãȻǾʦɭ
һ۵ҲҪ˵̫磬ɩһ⽫Ӹ㡣
ɯɫһףǡô죿
һ۵ﲻæ
ʵϣǻ֮ǰɭѾɯ¸ɭֺɭɩ֮࣬⽫ӽɯ
ӱӦǸĸģҪСڣ˭ӡȻɯǻˣǺӾ¡ֻһ˵ãС֮ǰԲܽӴߡɭɩ˵ġ
˵ףŬ˺Ķ࣬ԺҲ˼ϡܶүү̴ﱲŬǼǿġԼӶ˭ȥŮȴɭҲû뵽ġ
ɯһ㶼û뵽£Ƚӱʱ˶㶵ġ
ЩǲӲӹõĶϰߺ̣ͷĸҲǣߡΪǻһˣﻹҪչˣܸ㣬ҪҪĻͰѺ͹û˰Ŵɭɩ̬ͦã˽ӸɯһӳԵõĶ
ɯֱ뿪ӶԺģԼô򵥽ǵﰲˣ
ȸ˻ˣ̫ˣСҲ˼Сүˡ
յͷɭСĸͦõģһ㶼ûΪС㡣
ȻﻹЩ˵ͷԼС㲻Ͳ˵ˡ
ɭûжķӣͽɯŵׯһ¥
ǲסˣֻɯЩ˼Űʵ֣ȸоƵ𣿻з𣿡Ҫû飬ԼסһӶû⣬ֽˣⷿӻǱɩġ;ԼסЩ̫ˡ
ôܣҡҡͷȸ밡ͷסɣġ
-

848 

ɭ֪ɯ뷨㽫ɭСĶʱ
ҲãҲãС֮ǰĶض˵ġ
ɯԥ»ǽɭİš
ԼǮɭСӾ͸͵Ǹĵѡʣµĵأճջֻȡһֵճã͵ҵĹѰɡɯŮ˵ġ
Сǵúܶԣ۾ͲǷ˼ʲôˡ̾ǰûпȸĶذһ£һϰǴ´ࡣ
ǰüͷСɭСôСүĸףǶ֮õ¶
ɯ֪յ뷨˶Ļÿɷ
ɭҲʼɯҽ˾Ҳ鷳ͨϵͬһҳа̣˽񣬽Ǯһ𽨷
ǵԺŮɭ˽ķӶСٶʮ䣬ɯȻԣǵɭСҲŽ˲ķӡ
ʵɯͷȱǮȻͼ˹ļƲ϶һֶò游ĸ͸ĸ˽ȴζռģСܵ㻨Ǯ˵˵ǸСš
ķӣõĲϣҲǼĻѣ治ôϡ
ƲᣬȸĻɯǺϲģضʳҲ򲻵õҲʡ
ںӶԣĻٺòˡ
ɭϢؾһɷɭ֮ȴûʲôԵ뷨
ɭСɭԭŹܹϢҪĻˣĻйܵ˼
ΣŮܲԿˡ
˵òֻ׽˳Զٷɭߵвˣɭ˾кü׿պͰǱضҪģǰǱߣĳҲһɯˡ
ڶ׽ˣҲ֡
ȵɭͰʼʱɭ˻ׯȥˡ
ɭ˼Ҫɭɭ׵סׯģ˾סڰɽ壬ÿ˶ֵĶأȥ궬ֵĺͷҲȱ췿ӵǮҲŶŮһɽ˷ӣʹһ˳ȥ
ʵҪɭ˵ǲŮסһģǶŮǲãʵסһ̫ϵǰﶼɭûֳɭĵȻԸҪ̣Ҫ䲻ͬĲ;ߣȸƻʵľƱڼװλûһ顭ΪɭϹڣ˷ʱ仹˷ѽǮŲԹԼҪԹˣŮҪҲˣҵĺϼһǾȥ
һ뷨ɭǲģȻ˶ԣһׯʵЩ̫ˣôˣɨȫ˲ġ
ǾЩв㡪ҪҲһʧͺˡ
Ⱳʶûõİˣ֮ȴĺܺġ
ȵﶼϣ򶼷ָͬũҵ˹֮ɭͳ
вɭƣֻ治ʲôһٻˡ
Уɭǽǰİö˻ǻ´尡񹤡Լֹռ
ڳƷĸС󲿷ֶ˰һСָɭˡ
ɭպãһʼΪɬòãܿˣϵĹҲˣĶ޲쳣νǼܻӭ
ⱲȻǾˣ˰ȴģͣⷽɭܹദǢˡ
һ죬ɭµУСAǱҲתǼʸ߲Ļ롣
ڼ桭ǲ̫ˣɭһЩ
硣һ߷һ߽͵˵Ҫʽ磬ǴǨȴѾԿʼˡ
ʱжģǨһ˵λ棬ȻǵǨļƻе
ɭǾͼһɡ
ΪһЩԹһ棬ŷָǡ
Щƽʱͼ˳ԸҪã˵ôԶˡǼʵ3DͶӰѾǳͨϵͳ棬û𡣡
ŰһԤ룬ٸ䲻һɵŮŮׯʱɭôûʧ̬
Ҫǰǰ˵ǰЩˣ3DͶӰ
ʵϣִЩ˿źû
-

849 

˵ʵɭһʱ仹治֪ôӦ
ΪǰˣһһǿŶģڡǲ֪˭Ϊ
ʵҲˣǰ˷ֱڲͬǿֻ֣֮ԣȴ޲֮ϵ˽ܡ
ƺҲⷬΣ˽һ߳һŮˡ
˵ͶСǼ߿䲻꣬Ľܣ˶˵Ҳǻʱΰˡ
ǽ˹
档
ŵӳ
һҽܣΨһŮ濪ڵιΪʹǨһЭ̡
ɭ鲢⣬ⷽ棬ǽ֮Ϊ׶Ρ̽顢Ǩ㡢ӡ
һ֯һ̽飬İ¶Ըλ̽顣̽ȽϢݻ֮һɸרҡʷרҡרҡѧרɵרϢлܷȻУݲͬԵǵǨĿĵء
˶٣ȻһʼǻѡֻһǨ㣬Ȼڱ֧ԮǣǾڵ㡣ڼ䣬⣬Ϊľ飬úǨ龡ٵ·
ŵӳǨƻһʼĲܿ졣һڣֻǾڣʣʱ䣬ǴǨٽеʱ䡣
ҲЩ֮ǰҪȷһ£ߵǨ㷽ʽģǷɿûҪƵĵط
ʵϣЩǵģǲųϵͳṩϢǡһ֮Ǽʵ˶תƵλ
λĴԽһ£ĿǰⷽҲûκν˵Ը˵ȥˡ
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һ⣬ΪȻô˳ȴɭڵǰҿʵжչʾһλתƵḶ́Ȼڶ3DͶӰҾΪˡ
˵ɭı鼫ΪΡ
һ˽½һ
һڣǻὫһ֧̽֯ʱǻᱻ͵أϣܽ԰쵽𣿡濪ʵ
˶٣ɭĶһۣɵҪƳһʱ䣿ʱ仹ԣһӦⲻܲ˼иۡ
ɭһ漴΢΢ЦİɣҪƳʱ䣬ʱԹ
ⳡݵĻܿͽˡ
ɭǺһµʱ֯׵̽𣿡
Եġ͵ȱعֱĶ飬̽ӵԵȫԴЩг
ɭüҵΪЩ˿²Ǻʵġ
ʲô˼⡣
ɭ밡˵ˣŲӵĺۼֻе飬漰ϲһЩлãһ漰Щ˻ǳۡ
һ漴ɵ˵ĺǣͨˣºʤѵ񡣡
ɭҡҡͷʵΪȥһİλ棬ѵʲô
ͬòͬķϰߣͬϵش
ԡɭЩؿòΪλԻǼһɣ
Ȼ
ǼʵзַֻǼãΪ¼ǼڸԣȻһǼİ֣ǾץϹˡ
Ϊ̽ӵ˱Ĳ˵츳һҪܳڡɭ
ʱüͷ
ɭֵʵϣҾü̽鲿ӣҲҪһרŸ鵱طĵģרŸ鵱λģרŸ鵱ϵġóͬķҲ
̾ô̽ӻ鷳
ʵϣǶˣǼʸֻ߲ǸãǿǵģǱ߼ǵˡ
ˣ͹ĵһ֧̽ӣв츳һиַɫַɫɫǽǼʵֶȫˡ
ˣЩ˵Ҳܲһ£׳ֻռ˰ʣлķ֮һ˺ķ֮һĺӡ
ǡɭˣЩ˾Ͳ˵ˣȻʹ󣬵ϿҲͨˣп˼ףûǴĻӦǼ˵Ա
Щأ
ɭȻЩĺӣҲʮ꣬Сֻꡣ
ĺȥλ̽Ա
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850 λ

һﻹһ棬ɭʣ̾˿ЩӶҹӵܣǲȴиΪΪ̽еǸŸĸеǱ͹ġ
ӵ˵ͺŽףΪάԽǸĺˮͼҲǳġ
һĺУ弸УвǼļ̳ˡ
˵ӲΣǽ֮£Ϊδ캽ˣͬҲгĻ䡣
Ȼ˵ɭüҲ̫ˣǵ׻̫С䡭
Ŀ䵽һСϣǺӴݰףһǽųģҲֻꡣ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥ漴һżЦǺҵֶŮȻ꣬Ҳ򣬵ȴӵйĿļĻ滭ܼߣϾĸȻףѾмʲԭհᵽֽˡĸҲ̽У㽫ˡ
˶٣˸Ӹ˷½ģǵһ㣬ŻЩӼģЩֻΪ⣬ѡλʱҲᾡѡȫϵߵλǽ롣
˵زˣɭȻ˵ʲô
һ֧̽һǧˣ׳ְľˣʣµЩδϵ˺ĺӡ
Ҳȥɭ棬µ˶ԷǰĿĵء
Ȼ΢Ц鷳Ļʹˡ
ɭȻܾĿɨڳˣһ̣˻ûзӦͷԼѾһط
ǡ


ΧݵأһȺȰ಻ס̲סС
һ㵡
ɭȴû˵ֱۣþСǽһ
˲֪ʱ򣬾ʵѾڲϵĽλ洩Խˡ
ȻĪɭ۾ƺڵӣֲҴšΧĻİҲߣôԭϢ
ãſСʱʱɭͻȻ۾ڵոշһλ棬ƼˮƽǺܸߣϵҲЩֲڣĻǳڣеǳŨƺ԰ΪȽҲߴ󡣡
棬Ҫ̽ӽ𣿡
˶٣ɭ˾ӵλ治ôҵģʵ֮ǰѾܶλ涼ųˣҪô̫ԭʼҪôƼڷҪôսУϵ̫ǿġ
ûԥ͵Ǿͽ
ԣ̽а˶վ˳Ŀ䵽һλСȴϣ֣صκϣ֧Ͱˡ
ȵȣɭǵУһͶô˽ȥעġ

һ£ԼĪܲµʲô˼ǡֶ
ȻɭҸոѾһλйԷ˵˵ǡҸԷϾزʶҵĻһšλǨ㣬ֻҪʲôıһǲܾģΪǶкôġֻǳһᣬжһҪСģĽ䱸
һۣȻʵǶ˺ʣ
ɭʮѾǼˡ
Ƭ̺󣬽κڵĶʮѡ˳ˣʮӣ߸׳ꡣ
ʮӶ츳֮λӦѸʵ
Ļû˵꣬ͱɭˡ
˸Ҫ顣ɭĿɨ˵ֻ̽鲿ӣҲ˵Ժкܴܲλ涨ӡһǧǴ㶨ڴˡĻǾԲ˵ġ
û뵽ôһʱˣĻҾҪ°һˡ
˵ţʹļרһʮ̽Ա
ε̽Աȴûһˣ׳ͺɵġ
ǷǳʺǶӵģǿһ£ǷҪλ档
Ȼαѡ̽Աڶġ
ԣʮΪ׵ӿڵԿһ𣿡
ǲܸ̫ʱ䡣
֪ӿڵ죬ʱ䣬ǲλ
ԣǡ濴ɭʵʲô취𣿡
λ취
ɭҪܾģȻĿ䵽ϣ׻̾˿ȵȡ
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851 ż

ƯСֵʱ˶ɵˣһȺ۾ˡ
ɭһӣֻС䵽ϡ
Ӿ漫ˣҪȥץֲңֻ۾һգգضСǡ
͸ǵ𣿡һӽϴĺСߵС飬ʵ
ߵҲ˹
ɭҡͷȻǣЩСʱǵġ
תͷЩСȻСʵǳǿ󣬱ЩӴ´ࡣ⣬ͨСԺֱϵ
ɵɵͷ
û취ڵȻĴ˵СĴڣȴû˵
ɭʮˣЩ˵СȽϵûĻ֪ڲƭǡ
Ļû˵ֻϵЦ֪ʲôûˡ
ˣɭһɽС¶ǰ
ʵϣԸ⽫С齻ЩӣȻϧЩӣЩҪΪԾƿȣʱضԽСٻСǡģԲΥ
ʮͶŽλ֮ɭѲ˼λ棬ȻǼѲͶŽȥ
ϾѲȥһٶˣȻȴͣˡ
ȵɣΪһЩʣйѲ鲿ӣǵûȥһ¡
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ׯдôˣҲûȸͣɫѰʹ˳ˡ
һңɭȥϢˡ
ҹʱɭͰڴš
ôˣգգۣЩԡ
Ƴ˰һۣҲ㡣
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εѾ˯һҹˡ
ɭһ㶣Ҳ㱻Ȼҽ˵̫ˣ˯˯ǻ£ҲĲ
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ڴϣŰҽһ¡
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Ȼҿͨȥλ棬ǲԺҶԽɭʵ
Ҳ˵ʵЩˬģƺЩ⣬Ҳ֪ǲĳת䣬Ľ񲻽ԴⱲӡ
˸ߣȻԥ׻Ƿˡ
ԭ򣬾ǰˡ
ƺ֪鲻٣࣬ȰҲࡣ
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ȰûкɭüҪ˵һԭɣ
һô˵ɣȻܹ紩Խλ棬λĵȼʵߣûڵߡЩеͼλ棬ѾûκνˣȫǶһ١
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ԥȫɱ飡
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Ȼһ仰û˵
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üʲôûҪߣǨ㲻һɵģʱ䲢̫Ӱ졣
ô˵ġɭȴҪ֮ǰûпʼˣѾ̽Աλ棬ǱҪһΣգٲҪתӦһ
ҲӦˣǡ
İɡɭץְ֮ǰ⣬ұ֤֮ٲ˯ˡ
û´ʱǼӦòµλȥˡ
׷֧ԮƲҪٺˡ
ˣҪѵľȻˡ
ʱɭϴɭżĻˡ
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ʲôɭסˣ֮ǰô綼û£ôˣ
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Ϊй¶ɭֳǵĹϵµļŵַװǵģҲҺɭиֿѣǰ˼ŵַɭǿʲô֪
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852 

ɭѹʱ򣬷Լһŵ˴ϣܡƽסᣬտյӶûС
ңΪûдҲصʵĹϵһƬ谵Ƿֲǰ컹ҹ
ǣڵ⣬ѲµӦǸҡ
ɭҪ̧֣һʹͬһ㴫ݶ۵ӷΣòŻȴѾͷ亹ˡ
촽ܸɣƺҲЩߣЩȥԼܻ
ʶһ㣬ɭ۵׻һĨȻ;
һҲµūһһͷҲûҪ
˵Ѿˡ
ʱ΢ĿתͷͿһӰƿСĵ˽
۾һ˻Ƶغ
һūȻԷŬˣƵĳԸ˶ʮദֵҲʲôˡ
ҡëСĺţŵ˹ѹͺã㶼֪֮ǰʮȣүӶѾ㽫ˣү˵飬ҽҽεģһ¸һϹܼңŵԽչĻ
ɭԴ½ˣҲˣӦûʲôˡ
үɭı鸴Ӽˡ
ƾ˵㲻ϺãҲ㲻ϻΪԷЩ괦ūЩ΢нʶҪѹߴ롣ү˶ºͣΨһĲãžų˰ɡ
үҪˣܾ˵
ëҡҡͷӻһӪݸȲˣԵ㶫
ɭֽһӪˣвٿտգЩ
дţд𣿡ʵ
ëͷдˡ˶٣ԥ𣿡
áɭƶ
ë˵ʲô뵽ɭиܵѾˣһڸ߼ľְ˵׼ܰȳͲҪ˵ʲôɥˡ
ô£ëѹɤʵúõģүôͻȻһֻ֣
ԣɭЩѵؿѾյִ˳ǵҲ̫ȷûв´ĻҪʵ顣
ʧȥһֹֻȻ˱ߣ˵ʵܽ˻ָɣġ
ʵ飿ëһһŵôң
йʵ飬ײģҪȨƾˣǵҡίʵǰ
䣬ɭǳŬǵģŬڹȥʲôǶǳһʦ
˵һӵܣƳ̵ľʦ
ɭ΢΢üҲ̫ЩоԱƺǱǿץģүӲ̫
˶٣ЩɵүǿɲԽҵ껥ЩоԱܾˣǲ֪˵ʲôͽҵָˡ
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ǼʵĿƼﵽһ̶ȣĴҲ˷ֲ֤ʵܶджóۣ˵Ҫǿ塣ȥûзת֮һ˴ӣһλҵʷת֮Ϊ
Ǽʷɹ涨κ˲ԸǷԸתģһ־ͻʵа
Ҳ֪ɭҡͷ
үʹԲҪ㻥壿ëС²
ԡɭĻԷѡңǻѡүϾֱϵѪת׳ųⷴӦҪ˵үӶүж֮飬ǲŵġ
˵öԣǡëüͷҲûѡ㰡үڼ˵һȨ˿ɲ٣ҪǺ㻻ˣ㿴ЩŮ᲻ǰһƴӣɱڹһһ졣
ɭȴЩ㷣òᣬԼǰֳݱ¶˰ɣ
԰һֱСģĹҲðдģ˼˸˵Ͱˡ
ѵǼŵַ¶ʲô
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ѾȥˣҲǵĳȥġ˶٣ëСӦյˣǲ֪
Ļû˵꣬ʹһͼ
ôˣеϮ˶һ
ϣɭŴӱƻĽвֻӳˣǹһĨЦ
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ԣɭڵһֵܶ˿һԸŹׯ᳤Щô˵ģ潨ٻˣҲҪӰġ
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Уëȴ۾һɭҪǳܰɣǰѵõĺûᣡ
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ʱë׹ǰˣһʱοĽϧԼ»
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ڶӻɭ£ɭҼͽϳֵܼ˺ðܰ˵˵
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ȷʵɭڻ·׼˵ʮ߰ꡣ
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ΪĻһӵʶԼʧԣɭæı仰ˣȥ˭
ȥӰǡɭֵ.
ǵ˭ˣɭʵ
һ弶̻塣ɭǱȥڵģӦùò
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ɭüûɭǣʱǶԷȥʱ
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Ҳܹ硣ɭӵΪְǮѹҪԹ
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ɭһǸ˽㲡Ȱְ費Ҫ˷Ǯˡ
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ȻһֱĬɭǿˡ
֪Լһūʱ򣬻άνĽǲǰֻ޴
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ũͷĺðøˣǸǸżɭصġ
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ɭŭЦЩŶдŪǣסǲǣ
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856 Ӱ


ⶫ㲻ʲôϡĿأûʲôص㣬ȴһԣκν϶γӲߵͽ
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һĻ˶峤ɫѿǾʦȻһʦ
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857 ɼ

ɭҪɭǷأɭˣ˳ĶҲָˡ
ǲֵļڣ֪ɭɭͷǮޣһֵܽöǮԼð
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˵ôҲʮͨõ㣬ֵǳִ󷽵ģͷûš
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858 ʢ

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ɭɭӹǽϣ˿ŵֻȴµɭɩɭɩԱ߸ǲᣬŲԼҲ̲ס

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һӵɫѾѿܹݵˡ
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ǻҲ֪Ƿʲô飬֮سΪһˡǵҵλҽҽֲͨԣԶ֪ҵҩﱻ͵͵׷˾ͪ
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˶٣Щƣ۵һŽ̲ģԶĺӣ治ʲôָġ
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һǹسǣۼ˱ƿʱŭˣŵһ˦ȥһ⣬ҰͷŸɾһ㣡
ȻҴңسˣȻ˵ʲôԻ̷ֱ˦֣һѽƵ˵ϣҲ˷Ӧȥýߡ
㵱Լ˭أҹùõļ֮䣬˵ұ磬˵ĸĸУҵֵõ𣿡
ǰǿҹùõķϣҵڿǸ߿ˣȥվӣԼ˭˵ҼƷ裡
˵ţӰóһƿûȶٵĿȪˮšͺضŹسϵȥ
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870 

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̫ڣûϳϵǹسǡ
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̷ͣ£ڵҸ³ƵĻͶˣåҸһ١
̷Եûô⣬ŮŽģСʱѧȭģ˼ʦֱ˵츳ȥμӱأҪǺּͬ⣬˵׼Լڶܷˡ
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ΰһãʲôʱлˣ̫˵
̷θɴȡֻͱþץߡ
У͸ɣԺ̷ͬ
˱¸ˣôɵɵؿ̷һٲ绢ֺ󸽽ǲ֪ƻǱεˡ
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ѧʱ䲻ˣϽȥɣҪȻĸõˡ̷λͷ
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һߣ̷æס̷֣ǻȥɣЩ䡣
̷豻ߣͷȴһֱ濴ոǸôҽܽܣͬѧ𣿡
ͬѧ˱磬ûҽѧ𣿡̷ε
С治ôϲһǸƢġǲϲ㰡ʱ۾ġ̷Щ˷ܡ
ûûС̷εˣ˼òԵ۾˭
ò׽̷ܹȥ˵̷ξʹŹǷصԼˡ
æ˴Լ£װ޺ˣ̷Ҳʼȥ
Ǵε衢ѻ̨ЩСԭУֱӴӳתƹȥͳˣļʲҲͶãһ绰ȥˡ
иԭϣҲһ绰͹ġ
Ǹһ԰װ̷ҲѾȶһˡ
һ׼̷ԼûΣ̷ȴǼˣһʲô
̷򵥵ģһ͵̢ɡ
ô̷ۣʵ
ǲ͵̢ʲôãŮʲôóԡ
ۡ
̷̢Ļ˿ǮһĻ10015Ԫ
ô󣿣̷ʧɫ
Ѿˡ̷εЩ͵군̢Ǯһ˼ǻֳɵĵ̢ƤǸģ򵥻ɱͣǴûԼֵֹġܶƵ꣬Ĵֹ̢ҪʮǮһ棬һЩӻҪʮǮһ۸Ĳߡ;ƵȻ棬е㵵εݣҲ۸񣬻ûĺóԡ
ô˵̷˿ͺá
̷ֱƵģܶѾãֻҪƷϼܾͺáʱûͷϰˡ
̷εǶģٶȺЧʶͣĹ򣬾Ѿ¯棬аʮ̢
ںĺգͷֱƬȦ
Ϊһʱ᲻⣬벻һӣȦϢˡ
һ˵ĶǴѧͬѧҪ̢Ҫһ棬Ƭ̵Ĺͽ˴룬̢ˡ
̷ι˲һ߿ʼһߺְָϽˣ
̷ְڶ¥ֽҴһȵôˣΪҪһء
̷һߵͷһߵǴѧͬѧչ⡣
ԣ̷ְһҲʧҪԼҹŮպã˼ôչ⣿
ж򵥺ã̷һװһЩĵʵûɣ᲻᲻ʶ·
û⡣̷ְֿϵĵӵЩַƫƧ඼д¥λúܼУ˳ĻһСʱꡣ
̷εͷǰ·Сġ
̷ְӦһȥˡ
һò̷࣬ĥ´ٿ㶫Ҫʱ䳤Ƚʺϵľǵˡ
Ϊ˿ݣ̷δһͨĵ̫ƤǧҶͣһڸС
Сʱһ̷ν֮һ͵Щֿ࣬ʼܽպöͿġ㿨˴ｴܽҲܺʡ
ȵЩæ̷꣬ο˿΢ţһȺͬѧ㵥
˵ĿǸ˵ͳһֺҪǧ㻹Ľ˹ࡣ
Ľ˹ҪЩ򣬵ǧ㵰ȴպǵüһâҲв١
˵ȵ̷̷ְֻѾâĹⶼˣǧˡ
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871 Ƽ

̷αΪͬѧ֮󣬽ȥⲻôãٶʱǧһâǧ㣬ǱߵĶʾȴϵ
Īȴ򿪺̨һЩĵַȻ֮ǰͬѧǶصģ
Ѳͬѧչ⣿
ô룬΢ʾ̷ε㿪һ֪ôˡ
ΣҰָͬ£Ҷ˵óԣҪӡ
һи̢ˣڷˣ˶ҪԣϧûˡǾĵҲܺóԣҲҪȥµˡ
ҾͬһǮ棬ֻԵ顣

̷ְָЪ˲СʱˣǸְӣȥʱǽһ硣
κ決һ̷θûԤϵٶȻ˵ͬһڵʱ䣬Ӫҵʹﵽһϡ
ΪڿѵĹϵƷÿ춼һʲôȫϰͿ˵ĵ㵥
ˣÿƷһգûʣġ
ǸԣΪϲֱ֮𽥻Ϊһ˿ĳԲ졣
Ȼȴ̫á
̶ֳȵģⱻһЩƷǰȥԳƷֱĲƷƹ㣬ǮҲǲɱ顣
ǽ۾ȱǵǮʵ䲻˵ǮҲһСĹ˾Ĳ˵һûġ
ЩǮնУһͬжˣ㲻վǵˣҪǲգ˼ҷҪġ
ҲΪǮֱʱЩ滰Ͳ̫˵ˡ
ѿҪ˵ġʲôһҲóԡòɡֿζҸ˲رϲǡԿ˵׼ܷǵĿζ
żһλУˣܺŹ֡
䣬Զ˵Ĺϵ۷ԼûôˣǸоô˵أǳԶɽ亣ζеʲô᲻
ƫƫ˿ߵļôֱˣûʲôóԵƼҡ
ʱ򣬱صش绰Ƽһֽκ決ͬꡣ
СţҵĺóԣȻ۸һЩﳬֵƳǼҶҪóԡҲƭ㣬ƭС
ܱ˵ôʵУһ㶼ŵģһϲ㣬˿ɱˡϣûʲôƷóԵģǸʵʵĳԻ
ƺһ㶼Ϊֱҩû´ҵϰΪòԲŻῪͬ꣬Ļ˵գۻЩˡ
۱һģҲϲϿЦ
ȻǼĶŮҲڣԭʵһģ꣬ɵǶԷҲһʦһǳ츳ʦ
ʮʱ򣬽۾ԼóԵģǼǼƵĶȲϡȻΪòϵһֱûҵʽĹ
һλĽƸԼҲʦ
֮󣬽оܶóԵ㣬ǼҲվ˽Ÿ
˭뵽ڶһ£ʱһλ˳˽֮кݿˣҽԺ˺ܴŰ˾ȹ
Ժλ˵£ΪԷ̫ככˣԱûܼʱ£˺
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һԸǳˣʱԷùѪͷȴһ䷴Ļ˵
ڴ£߲ѣҲʲô¡û뵽ǣϣɱˡ
ºǲ֪ΪòĹϵѵķһֱΪÿμ涼ҪòһǶʱͺѹ֣ٳ£һݣ㳹ѹˡ
ҽԺǱߵҽԳ棬λ֮ԳкΪԱʷعһγԣԸûжԲ˵
ȻЩûˣҲܻˡ
ҲΪʦòĳԿͣңЩһ˲ˣĵͬǣԸ֧ǡ
㲢ܣвԴ
ͻȻҲΪ۵һӦǲΪһڶü
Ҳ֪ǸʦúòÿóԣĽ˹ϴθҴĺӣĽ˹óԡæʵʵ˵
üҾȥһԡȴע⣬ǶԷ㲻ôͱˡ
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872 Ա

̷æòУĶٶ඼⡣
ҪˣҲʼˡ
ֳɵƷƵҪѹ򣬵Ȼ׬ͷҲ
ҪԺֻ⣿Ůæʮ㣬̷̲ס
̷ҡͷСæҲΪЩȹ֮߳ЧࡣУҲƸԱæһЩûмĻ
Ҫ㣬ҪԼͷǴ򷢵͡ϴЩ˰æĻԼЧߺü
̷һ㶣ҪˣҸְæ𣿡
̷ЩְͻѾæˣǱߴҲæúܣҲܰһ¡
̷һҲǣʣ㸶ٹʣ
̷ߵĹûʲôѶȣһ칤8Сʱ8ϰ࣬°࣬ʮһ㵽ʮǳԷϢʱ䡣Ļһ3500һ͡ȵԺ˻߹æĻ͸Ǽӽ𡣡
̷Щۣһ¾ҪȥǧˣʵԱʲôҪҪеĻŮģҪģ
̷εΪ鷳ֻƸŮԱɣҪĻֻҪڿɾС䣬һİɣʹĶһ˽ⶼûУҪӳʶʼ̣̫鷳ˡ
̷˵ͷɣͰҪҡ㲻ùܣһá
֪Ů뷨϶ŷƸ¡ȴ˼룬ˣ׻Ҫ֪֪׵ġ
֪Ҫˣ̷ְֵһ㹦Ūͨ¥¥ݣԱҲ㣬ҲӰ쵽Լҵ
̷εͷˡʵҲ̫ϲƵԼҵ
̷Чʺܸߣ죬ͽŮ쵽̷εǰ
ǽС̵ŮׯĶϱ̷ܵ
СǸβСŶʮͷӣЩȸߣòѰԲԲ۾мҲ˾СȻѻ飬ȻҲ󣬹ƲС٣ò㣬Ƥ΢΢Щڣһͷ̷СȻҪ࣬ǰһֱڽš
Ǻá̷ЦЦ̷Σκ決ϰ塣ƽʱξͺˡ
ˣȥռ޹ģ̷ζǺϤҲ˵ϼҺͦģΪҪ˲ƸȴûмױĹϵׯûҲ˵Ϊڿ죬ڼһŸɵġ
ڽС̷˽þ͸ˣСʱһС̫ãĸţȢһӣⱻӣΪڼұʹŸɻ̲ǽס˵˴רѧѹӲǲϣҲòôǮǸбҵͳˡ
໥ʶһ̷ξ͸˵һҪ顣
Ĺʵǳ򵥣ҪľǸҴ֣һЩװ򵥵Ļ
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Ҫˣɵ
̷ЦЦ˾֪ˡ
֮ǰ̷ξѾøɫ㽫̨װˡպ¯濾ˣ̷νһ̴ӿȡŵһԵϣŶ˵ЩǾͿʼװ100һԱǵӳӣǰװ˿
ˡ̷νһԵƽƵǰ̨һ£Ҫһ˸𱨵򵥡й˿ͶƷɻҲҪΪͷŽ𡣡
ˣ֮ǰȰѵƷһ£ϼܵĻ¼ܵĶ©ˡΪÿĶһй˿ҪԵûĶҲҪ㱨ңȻٿҪҪ
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ʦŴˣ̷ûǣȡŷţȻŽ˷䣬Ȼʼݡ
ʼת䣬ö˿Ͷϣȥĵʵ̫鷳ˡ
̷οһ¾ֻϵ̫ˣһʱûʲô
඼ǲܵģϾרŵƷ꣬һҲ
ȦѼһֽ̲衢ȺͶ̵ĺߡ
ֶر鷳ģǻԭϵﶼֳɵġ
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Ȼһᣬ˾ͷȻûʲôȴܷʱ䡣
ʮɣװһСʱװãֻòӶԼˡ
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873 

˲ź˿ˮǱ̷θպһǧ㵰⣬ҲҪװװġ
ҺòóҲһࡣ
һ˿ģ̷Цѵװ£ҪǲæãŸɣһֱͷᡣ
ʵϣҲһʱûˣΪװ̫鷳ˡ֪ԱԲһ¯
ԣǽС˿
Ļ˵ķֹҲˣС򵥱͵ͷ򽫵ϴϴˢˢĻˣڰװĻ
磬̷æ͵У̻˴򷢵͡
Ķ⡪ζĵ⣬ǽͣԼֵ⣻һʮյ⣻һǷʽĽ˹һɿ浰⡣
ǶƵģͼûһǼ򵥵ģһһӣѻһһȻ۸Ҳǳ
˶ƣкܶԤģյʮоŸݷ֥ʿĽ˹
ԼһСӦ˵ϰΪûмӣżҲץŲţķϰʲôҲʲôҪ˵Ψһʲôȱ
Ҫǵÿ춼һȥǴȥͺˡС̾˿
һۣء
ÿγ²Ʒϰ嶼ǳһȻһ˻ӡԭԼҵ󣬼Ҳȥ˵ģȻϰ֮󡭡ЩҲͲˡ
ǵһµĹʻû쵽֣ڵѾСһˡ
СãᵽżסȻ߶䣬̫ࡣǵ˶ϱģһһСâǧȥ֪۸ˣҺֶڼҷƢâǧ˺ˣŸųһڣŤŤ˵һ䡰ôҲûе
һҲ֪ΪʲôͻȻãƺԤ⻹Щȴӭ籩ǡ
ôú̫ԾСձһݶüͷճ¯12˾ʮӾһˡ
ˢź̨˾ûģĽ˹ʮأһӲͱһˡ
Ҹոװõĵ̢Ҳܿˣɵ
С˺̨̢ϼܺ󲻵Ӿˡ
ĿɿڴĽ̲ͶҲˣһװĿȶҪˣ
ģʲôС۾
̷һֻ㣬ҲоЩԣ¸յõڣ̧ͷ˿ܡ
ǿյģչʾǿյģǻӾҪ¯֮⣬̨ϸɸɾģɶҲûʣ
ûһᣬ̷ְ󺹵ܻˣȶҪܶˡ
̷һ㶣Ƕܼ𣿡
ã˵̷ְܵӰСģҲʹԭһطݱһطʮݡܶϸĹ˾רŵſȡͣǾ͸ˡ
ˡ̷ְֲ˲һֵĶڸģͲҪžˣܿȥÿһ֮аϡ
䣬˼ұгŴСںܣ
˵棬òС
̷û뵽Ȼ⸻ʱ۵òУôֱ˼ұͽȥ
˼ұ˵ҪӣҲûϵ̷ְޱ顣
̷üָôǵ⣿
һߣҲֵʺȣ˱Ӿôһʵ궼ûеƷ꣬ȻҲԸˣ
Ƴһۣû򡣡
Ų輸ϵǧ㵰⣬Ҳôš
ٶˣǻܲӰһ߶߶˵㲻˼ɣ֮ǰ˱΢žͺˡ˱˵Ů񿪵ģѾˣѲԧ첻ɣ
ԧ죿
۵׻һĨĸеĺŮŮģôǿ϶û׷ϡ
Ҳ׹ˣһ㶣ǰɣؼСҪôίȫ𣿡
Ҳûн͡
߶߶Ҳ֪˱ʲô·û˵ȦλСȥ˰
ȴһǴС㡣
ѵǸҹ۾ˣǰɣĸͲֹ
ʵ㣬Ȼˣûĳԣһߣת־ͰѶ˱ķ
ȻȦϢ㿪һ˱ġͼƬһѾ˰װӣֻһ仰Ů㣬һζ
ȣ
ı˲ˣ˺ܴſסԼûȥұķҪ
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874 

һⶼõþˣ̷ҲòԾ
ֻʵڲ֪Եʣֻܹǡ
Σ֪Ϊʲôˣһ磬С˳ֻǵ걻췭ˣ
̷κЩ£ǰ߻ã˼һͷˮ
С㿪ԼֻǿнԳԵĳԲǵֱ
ҿһʼ꣬װʱһڴӣǺˣԵͷ̧ʱķ˿ˣ˲ǲǮͬǵҲǵ㣬ȻһƬʺƨˡ
ǿֱʱ⿪ʼõһ졣
ɴ۾ֱ͸һ
ɡСԳԻͦģİٶ˿أڱҲһֱҪȻЧôá
֪ⱬõԭ̷֮Ҳû̫⣬¡
Σڿͷԣ˵ҪԤ㡣Сֿڵ
̷һ㶣ǾԤ¡ʲôϡġ
ͨԤ˼˵ҪƷ̨СԷܴ󣬿ھλҪҪӣ
Ʒ̷̨ü
㲻𣿡СԼʵҲŪ̫ʲôƷ̨
̷ҡͷǻǸЩ鷳Ʒ̨Ƕֵܸߣܻʱ䡣
˶٣Ǹ˻ȥֳ˼Ҳúá
Ҫ𣿡Сɵ
ӡ̷ҡͷǸûа칤򲻳ɣⶼҪˡ
У;ܾС
˵ԤƷ̨ǱȽģǰ컹ϵСҪ̷εͼ۸ƵṩƷء
Է˵ĵͼ۶ûУΪ̷λῴЭɵ˲Ȿ⡣
ССֻΪ˺ܶ¹˿͵ĹϵĺܶҪЩ֡
̷֣ü
֡Сͷ϶ָֻҳ˿ͣϣ֣˵űģ˵Թ𻨸⣬̶ġЩ㿿׵ģ׵ľȻ˵ţӣ˵ϣﵽܵġ
̷һ㶣°͵ЩҲǲбܣұʹ㵽Ⱥġ
˵ģСɵˡ
̷ε˵ͷʲô׬Ǯʲôһ˿ǼȻԾ¡šЩȽʺϳΪԲƷ̶⣬ǸҲ**Ϻáڵֺűʺȵʱви⣬ر죬ҲΪɫƷϼܡ
±أʱ±϶Ҳ׬ͷһԵ
СЩ£ĻǻƷ𣿡
أƷݲҲŵ𣿡̷β
ʵҲˣ죬ϼ̶ͱܣƷһܻӭ
˵ǵĹ˿кöǮءһգСõӣĵַ
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ְ֣ҪǵҲƽ̨ɣҲԲôæʱ̷̲ס
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ŮȻˣʦֻйŮһ˿ͱٶ࣬ӦһʼæҲӦˡ
Щĵӡ̷ü
Ҳˡ̷ְֵҸ˼ұˣȻǲһ˽ȥǱС۹⳵ÿȥŹ۹⳵ӾܰѵӸˡ
һھƵ˵ǮסĵطǺãлķ羰üˣ˱¹ô˶úܡм󷽵ģÿҹȥõ㶫ңһƻһʲôģƶƲ
һЦǺǵĺӣۿɶˣ֪ۼҵĶϻ¸ң˵ԼϲʲôҸǿš
̷ְϲ˼Ա˵಻ף˿жˣһҲûоԼҹŮĶóԣ˿ʹ඼Ϳģö˶ϼ䣬յʱһ̣ӱˡ
̷һ治Ϊѣ
Ϊѡ̷ְЦе
Ҫ˵˿һ㶼ƭ˵ģżܻ⣬һСİװЩ𣬻ƷЩεģ˿Ҳɫ
ֲСᣬϴ˰뱲ӹˣ治ίܲˡ
Ϊﶫ˿ͱٲˣ˻ʱȴǴû˴Ӧ
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875 ٶ

˱ʱ򣬿Щֵġ
˭ˣ˱ڿӣͷһʵ
˱һ˿ɽһ߰һߵܾò̫Ծ
ĶԾ˱ﱧŰϣ˿ڷŵеǰʱ䲻ǻͦNɪ˵ǸBȺӸϹϵˡ
һתͷԼ׸Ѳ˼ӽ
Լɵ簥Ǳ˸˰ɣ
˱üҲ̫ȷ
ǰɣģ˱ֱ˵˼ͼʲôѵۼҵľƵꣿ
üҪҲýӽ㰡ֽ͹һЩëƤ顣ѲɡҪȾ϶񫣬ܻҵȻٽۼҾƵ̲ˣ
赹ǲ磬ֻΪǰҴļҵųԵÿп෽ΪˣҲΪֻ˽ԺΪȨ˲Ųᱻ˺ŪԱҵ⼸꣬Լ׸һֱڻλתû㡣
۵ɷݣԼ׸绹Լأ͸ٷ֮ʮĹɷݣ׸ǰİٷ֮ĹɷݣɶûС
ȻĹɷֻô࣬Ҫͻң磬ԺƵ궼ġ
Ӿ翴ˡ˱Ƴһ۵ҾǿͼʲôԲò׼ԼǲǱӽˡ
˱ü˵˵ƽһ𣬶ȥʲôط˵ʲô⣿
ûʲôر𣿡˱ģȥҲЩط߼ưɰʲôģ۵Ļ⣬ҲЩ֮͹޹ء
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΢΢սȭͷ֪ˡ
ؼҵ˵ЩӣүӣӺСӺزԡСǱɼ̳ģҲûйĸڴֵһ㡣
ؼר飬ү˺ϷһӣȦڳĶޣ˺ͺزҲһ
үΪ˿ûǿһҪˣӵӶԼѡеġ÷¼ҵĲ䲻ؼңһ¶ѧȦģʵʵͥǺزԵӽѩֻСҳĶŮǼ޽˺ؼңͱƽˡ
ԷദģʽȻͬȴʵʵĶޣΪһжã˭뵽
ѩСҳҰĺĻȴһȱ˭û뵽ȻԻеҩʹúಡҲѲ
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Ҳû˻뵽زؾȻԼµĹɷݶ˽ѩ
ΪزΪСûм̳ȨүӺͺϷ۶ӣؾͽٳϼ15%Ĺɷݸ뱲Ӷŷֺ̹ӡ
ȻΪ15%ĹɷݣүӺͺϷԼ漴Խѩ֮ǣΪ˲ʹ15%ĹɷӰؼҶٳϼŵľԿعɣҲֻŮɶźض̫̫ͷҡУΪı
ѩؼҵ˶ˣԼΪ޿ֵûʲôӰ죬ȻΪӵĺȴǲˡ
ǽѩӾˣƫƫѩӴĸûм֣ƿȴǹʣ
Сʱںլ˺ü걻ӵС͸Ǻ䷢ܵ飬Ӷ˺ݺݷһָĸú̸һӲǺ
ˣϺڼҵܳ裬ǸС
ǺϧֶӣԽ棬ָȳΪԼļ̳ˣȸʲôó·
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BУȱ濴ƹʣʵȴıԼƿ֮С
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ԹĿ࣬Բİ˸ųһ顣
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˵㻰̷εѾЪҵʾˡ
̫ۡˣСҪȥ֣ҪȥȹӺͿں졣
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ʵϣΪ粻ѹسǵԼοˣЩºٹעԼǰֵʱǺҲ;һҹģ
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878 

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㲻С̷ҡҡͷBǱôߣȥ˷ǵ÷ಡɡ
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զ찡̷Щܲܲ迴İɣ˼ҽ˵ˣ˵ʱΣǵòƣǼһûע⣬ʱܶġ
治YпԼǮҲеġ̷̷ְֿСʵ
̷С̿Ц˼ҽ˵ˣҪõһξˣûôÿζ뵽רҡ
̷üҺͰ⹫ȥBаɣز죬ʲôףⷿЩ°ȥȽϷ㣬ҽԺչšǴãҪҪ滻ȵʱ˵
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879 

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ǵãǲǱʰһ𣿡̷費
Ҫô򵥾ͺˡ̷ְ̾һҵʱԭ˾ļֵܣǼǴӲġһλǰ۵ʱӺ񣬶Է˵سǴĻһǸӡ
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Ӧáɣ̷ŵ
֪ҲǿӾģ뵽ԼŮܻᱻǿȾ϶񫣬ֻһɺӽŵðͷ
£ٲ˵̷ȥBеˣֻǡ
ܲһȥɣ̷ɵȲ˵ҪBжӲ̫ףǳˡҰ趼ܲܰ˸Ʋ°ɣ
ʵҲ鷳̷ְóһĦŵ˽⣬Сƺ㱨BǱߵԺУᵽһѧBпһʦһֱøнڹȥҲǲĶֻǹ޶һֱûȥйҫľƵһֱBУΪԸܾˡ飬Ҫǰˣҿܲ߹ϵĹ˾BУԺҲܹ徲ӡ
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Ļأ̷ʵ
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軹ģǾģ˵ҲСˣBУҲҪһЩ̷ְֵ
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̷ְӣҲûˣֻǧûǧշġ
̷̾˿ǵǮõBС
ȹȥ̷ְֵȿˣͰߵķYеķ۲BеͶ٣˽˵ǧܹģټϹŮ׬ĺЩĻBҲײСķˡ
ôһ˵̷ǵ׾ʧˡ
ʰBУ͸ߵģԺΪһ죬ƱҪȥˡ
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ǰ֪ԼլСϢҲˡ
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880 

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үӴϻɳϿֽϸ֪˼Ͳڱֽϡ
ϷԱߣαĿһֻʱʱظؿڣһϢȵģ
Ǻӡãڵԭ˵ǺǸģǲںֵ³ԿΪĻҪֶΣô꣬ѵͲѽѩĹɷŪ𣿵һγɹˣãѣ־ͽǰ첻쵽ˡ˵ĺ¡
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ŮѲǵĶϱǳˡ
⻰Ҳ˵Ϸ۾ѩҲȵĸףǰϳȥĿɲǽѩ15%ĹɷݣﲻĹɷݶ취ȥ35%ĹɷݣӼϴ˵ĹɷݣҲ36%ûܶ˵ˡ
˵¾ŵЩ˶ǸһƴģûѪԵϵĺá֪棬ڼűһֱѹȣʱʱôһʡ۸ϡ
ΪЩڣǵŻӦϴŵļ̳ˣĻԸְҵˣҲš
ȻѾˣǲҲˡЩƱɱȽѩˣһ֮½Щɷ»ǼģǺؼҾֻܴӼȨߵλˡ
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ٳϼǺؼҼ˵ѪȣôҲĺؼˡ
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ٲ˼ҲĸӡϷ˵ǰѩҪƿȢҵŮʱǿˣ񷴹ѩҪɫˡĸףûи飬ֻѪԵķϣҲܸϾɱ
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ҲϴﻹЩˡ
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ѹɤѩ黹ûǵõѵͷֻ15%Ĺɷݣ˼ôꡣǸӣôĹɷݣһǺ£Ȳ˵Ȼ᲻֣ȷ˲֣
Ҫ˵10%Ĺɷݣ뱲ܹøͺˡ
˵ʲôϷ׶ӣƴΪµĶӡǵ游ĸĶҪΪǼ֣׵
ʲô취ЩСʱҲҲǽɼ̳𣿵УͷԻԣȲȡؼôļҵеˣǿеҲʲôý
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ĸծӳѩǷһĸףǷһ壬ѵһά棬ţ𣿡
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Ƽˮ꣬º̷ദǿĵĿ͸ˡ
Լϰ˿
˵ʵոˣ̳ӲúúõģϰȴͻȻ
ᣬ׵׷ʲôء
Ҫ˵ƭ˵ģΪһϸԱĲʲôʱܹеġ
ոǸ棬мŮǵò̫ͨһЩ
Լϰ塭Ӧÿϡ
һߣȲʵʲôģ
̷ԥ£˵ʵֵ𲻴󡣡
ûƭ˰ɣгǸĸΣܳʲôģ
̷ЩôҵӰ
ⲻӵ⡣۾˶໵ôԳúÿҶˡ
仰Ȼû˵̷ȴĪˡ
ΪðһЩ̷εȻúÿⱲӵĳ࿴űȽϱ顣
Щ̫ˣԻǵǱ¶ĿˡǼһɲǱ
ҪǸģƾԼòԷ϶־ˡ
̷δŰȥ˼·һķɫСƽʱŸˮʲôġ
̳˺ܿ͵˸ҹн֡Ĳ࣬С̯λȴĿ˵
òͣʿˮ̷Щε㻹ûԱ
Ҿһܳһ㡣
̷Щԥոհ˲٣е㲻ҸˣᵽСԻӾͲˡ
ĿɨΧ̯λڵҿ÷Ǿһ÷÷ʱձɽ髣Ӧеʳá
뷴ԣԼԲĶӣ׻Эðɣ´һҪŶҹн֡
̷ȻӦã´
ֿڵУȿһĻüͷǸѾͷģ
˵ѾͶԷʶˣǡӦùйŮĳͻȻһѾͷôôг
䡭
ʲôԸѾͷ¶ôı飿
˵úȻصլʱ鶼żڱ˵ĺϷ˶Щ
ԥǿڵв˸ҴĻ£Լôģ
˵ЩߣԭºȳΪڶļ̳ˣؼߵ˼㲻ȫҲв²⣬ڻгϣȵǲġ
ȻһԾΪٳϼŵĵڶɶʱͳʽһ
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887 ִ

ֱȵӰʧ¥ϣϷ˲ŻعתͷһԵĺϷ˵ոյĻʲô˼
ʲô˼˼¡үһؼֽ
ǣͷôôƽϷ˵۾ոտ˵ˣ˵ˡ
˵ˣȦˡүӲ
̧ͷޣһʲô𣿡
Ȼ⣬ˣϷ˵۾ѵҪѩŮˣ
ʲôʲôүһЦõ֮ʲôϵ
ôûйϵˣϷ˼ѩǰԼеģҲȦˣ
Ҳ̫һŶˡүӵǽȦҲûкŮѩľǸͬȦŮҲǸˣǸСŮ˵˰ɣ½ǸϱһȽѩˣ
Ĳ˵Ҫȵ۹⣬ǺҲ͸
ǵŰԵ۹أϷԵѵ֪ѩЫĳϲģԵѵ𣿡
ôһүһȴϴ󵱳ǿ࣬Թͷһ·ĥ¹ġˣ˭ܹǰ˵ԴǵĸĿʲôá浥Ҷ˵𣿡
ҲܡϷȴִֵˣһ㶼ðˡҾϣҲãҲã¹黹ҪȢ֪֪׵ϱٲϣٳʲô粨ˡ
ʹˣ澭ܲס׷ͺڷˡ
үüȡ֣ΪСˡ
֪ޱִ֣治ˡСӵҪ־ˡ
ԥ£СӵĶԻޡ
֪Ϊʲôôе£ɷ𣿡
ΪʲôϷһ㶡
ү鸴ӵؽȵĻظһ飬Σܴ˵⡣
Ϸ˴ˣô˵
үصص˵ͷ
Ϸ˹עصȴүЩͬѵôҪ˵Ļĳ˻ĴˣӶ˺Ҳİ
Ǻү֪ʹж಻ҲЩ
̾˿ȺòãֻҪԱ֪ˡȷСϵĶֻҪеȾͻСǣտʱֻӶȥտǻҹӶһӶ˸棬ֻԼлȳѧУμӱõĽƷһĽͻȥͬϴѧһһðģȵȴӶʰġԴӶôῴµ˵˿Ķ
ϷЩȻǲǡû취ڰĶ桭Ƿġ
뱾Ǵġүҡͷô꣬㶼ûȹһӣòиϲŮӣԸɡ
Ϸ죬û˵ʲôֻǵҪŮãҿɲ
үӱȰ䣬뵽޵Ƣȵ۹⣡
̷ְְӪҵɰʱ̷ѾҩȥˣԼûʲôرĸо̷⹫ȴ˵˯ñ̤ʵˣǰһֻ˯ĸСʱ˯Сʱ
Ҳʱ̷绰˵Ҫ
ļٵģ̷𾪵ķˣĴ겻ˣ
ӻûȥ̷ְֵڴ꣬һ£ˣԺڼæнСǱߣˣСֻԺۼҪṩס׽ˣøιҪ㹤ĶѽС
̷һ㶣ԺСסۼң
Ȼǡ̷ְҡͷڸ⣬ǴһԼãһֵģĻǸֵĳ͸ס
ס⣿̷һǲǲ̫ã
Ȼ̫ϣˣýСס⻹Щ̫˵
İɣǳ⻷Ȼһ¥ģΪĹϵᳱʪǳԭ˼Ҽסģֳװޡ
̷ü̷ְֵĳ⣬BҲҪǧˣСס治סСĹʲǧࡣ
̷ȴ˼СǲʲôˣȻúõģ˭Ըⱳ磿
-

888 

̷ְֱŮ˵µģȻҲûǸ׵ͺ裬Ըһ£ʮˡ˼С֪ôһ¡зǸʮĹ˵մӼҲ֪ôǮɷģʲôˡҪСȥ֤˾ȥ߹ǣǴһ￴ȥ˾Űץߡ
ȥһ£֪СѾ˲ǮǱҲϰǮóǸеȻץȥҲΣóպҪᵽBУ̾Сˡ
̷̾˿Сôģ
ȻСǳ׵С軹ŵʱ򣬶Էһǳ۰Ůĸס
̷εڻǵãСңʱѩС豧ССְָںͷɡԼƬ󱳶ʪˣȴһҲ˼ϣһغŮСһ㣬ˤˡ
뵽ᷢ¡
̷ְֵˣۺĲĻʲô˼СҲǸģˣ۾͵֪£ƽһͺá
ͬΪˣЩСְֵ뷨ǲŮֻǸ۶ӣ˵ǺȢĻһֱڴ߷硣˵ͿǵӴϵĻ䣬УҲάּͥĺֺŮģƫˣʲôܺˡ
̷ְֶԴ֮ԱǣЩҲȥŮ˵
£ŮⱲӱȻҵһһһˣίʵûбҪ֪
̷ͽС󵽵ģǲûɻҲûǸһʽ󿨳ģװĶ̷ιҵĶ
߱Ͱ¥Ŀռڳˣᶫλ㶼ǰ
ֻ¥ԭΪԷ֮ģңȴǻҪ˸װһµġ̷βģ̷ְͰװŶӸϵˡ
һ죬ζ̷γ棬̷ְBǱߵĹҪһһھ͸ĺˡ
ʱһ£κ決ٴοţϿǷӵȴֵͻΧˡ
𣿵ͻΧôBˣ
ҲΣBУźľԺԲˣ˭֪һ壬Ц
ͻΧıˣ
ȥһҳĹ治֪ˣ
ˣȻģ
ҪҲŰκ決ƼߵѰ

һƬǺʵǣο޺Ҳûá
¿ҵ̷ԸоⲻˣҲ
͸ǸϴϴˢˢĻ̷λãҲûʲôӦġ
ΣпϣǵһܹȫΧۡҵһں󣬽Сˢֻ
̷һʲô˼
С桢šӡű̶֡͹ЩԿݵƷ
˶٣Ҿͦõģű̶֡͹Ƥѵ㹦ģ˵ʵʮһٽ治ӡֻ֣ҪڣҲܰŰơˣҲ
̷üһ롣
̷ѵÿڵҾСⲻµȷһţٵõǵBվȽŸSһٿǡǰзгиԣͲ˵ˣǵźüǧأȻҪ㡣
̷εͷû
B߿̷֮ξ¶˹أһӪҵպͽڼЪҵ
գ̷ξʹŰһȥ֡
ʵ̷ԭǴȥ԰ģϧȤȥԴȡ
һȻûȥҹн̷֣ȴȥСԽ֣ȥ䳬УǸʳ
Ÿսţչɾʹ˹
㣡
̷α˸Щȵôˣ
յBѧԺ¼ȡ֪ͨʰˡѧǰһ£ҾסˡչЦ
̷ü֮ǰһڸ
չЩǲǱҵˣͬѧǶԼųȥ
֪εк棬̷Ҳû˵ֻǵ⹫ſû߶㡣
֪ˣҶ˵ˣȥҽԺչɵ
̷οһۣͺá
ܸչɣ̷ҪȥȴǴ
ǰţͼһλЦݿ긾վſڣһеĵ˹
Ҽոհᵽ԰һ⣬벻Ҫ
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889 ûûƤ

̷մӺԺժС˻ͿŮһӵĻݣʱȵģ㻹ȥ򣿡
ģھ͵ġ̷ε
ضķףǸհʱ̷ҲָСˡ
ھӣ̷һ㶣ڵıķ˵СķӿˣھӸһҲķӣ
˵ʱż˷ܡ
԰ķӼ۸񲻷ƣסȻǸ󣬻ҼҶбķӶˣǼҿɲͳ⣿
˵ھദҲһ̷ֱĻмֲڵģһǲģȻˡ
ˡ̷ҡͷ֪ԷʲôӶˣһⷿסģҲǸ󡣡
̷һʧֿеĵĺӵһͲˣ򿪿һ
̷Դ򿪣Ķ֥࣬ĸ⣬춹⣬඼ǳ¡
һݸسˣóԣ̫Сˡ
ȷʵ󣬳һھܳһǰҲͽˡ
̷ԼҲһ춹⣬ȷʵȵζá
ӵһ˷ųԵģȾò̷εָ𣿡
ᰡֲѡҪ̷ξ͵춹õӦֹĶɳȥ춹Ҹ
Үϲˣ˵رס̷εȡ
СˣһЩΪҲ̷εֵ
֪ʲôʱʼֻˣ̷ְֶBвY죬ͻЧȻҪۣ߶³֮Yй֮޲
ǡչڣ㱻̷ְץȥæˣ˵Ҳǿæù
һգСЩ̷֣ܳȥһˣǸھӰˣ϶ĶӶ˾жʮǡ
ҡҡͷЩӶˣ˼Ӷ˵ˣһ԰˷ӣֻŰ
̷ЩֵôͻȻˣ
ȣһ˼Ҳʱ
Ͳˡ̷ҿھӾǸˣûֺÿģֻǿŲǸ׽ġ
ô˵أڶͳˡ
С㵸ûǸǧС㴩һƣҴ߾࿴һ۵ġλһ֣˼ҾһֶˣŸ߸Ьˤ˼ǰ

̷΢΢üϺǺʲôӦ
ûӦСЩֻ͸ûһ߹ˣǧСҪȥ׷ˤһӣЬˡ
˭ҺӣôһƤҪ̷ü
̷Ա̷߳棬ԿС˵ǧСǲһͷҰɫľǴīƤЩڣ°ͺܼ⣬ȹĸ߸Ьʮָߵģ
ԶԶԣô֪Сͷ
̷üͷС죬¼ҵݣ¼Ҵԭӵıá¼ҴӵԭȥѾˣСĸĸ˫˫㽫и˱㡣ʱʮ꣬ǻһʱҽԺҲ˲ȥ¼ҲŷСﲻ֪˭ѧˣҲҪҪ˽̺ãʵڲǸȰģ˳˲ˣ˵ݣмΡղӣСݵҪϳȥǾǸûûƤģСݲίһ£˼Ҿ¿ˣ˵ʬδһӾҪϳȥˡ¼Ҫʵ᲻ǸƤֻˡ
̷һ㶣׹еСݾ¼̫̫˵ŸЩǮ̫̫ദò
СλСǿ˺
ˡ̷ŵС˵Ǻɲ򵥣԰סûһܱȵġСҲʲôŰͰ͵ܵ˼ǰֻŮӼҼҵģҲ̫˿ˡ
̷赹Щͬʮụ̂ѧҲ
ʮʱ򲻶ڶʮüˣ̷ȴҡͷҪΣû˽̣Ҳ᳤ǰûûƤġ
˵ŮСͶ£ԾͺãС졭ϾͲ̫á
˾ôһ˵Ҳû̫¡
̷Ҳû뵽Լô͸С
Ǹ̷һ𵽳ʳĵģ߳еĺȻ󣬵ίʵʣպ̷ְ˵Ժһˡ
ȵʱ˵ʵ̷Ǽֲ⡣֮һ̸Ȼ°԰ס
ӳг̷Ķ࣬˳־ʹ̷ùһӡ
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890 ۸

λȻŲýӽҲǸòˣһ֪Ǹõġصң̷費סؿ޺ȡ
̷ε顭Щ΢
ɵӣᣬȻµ˶Էᵽ԰²Ϊɺϡ
κ決һպùһգ̷ƳƷֵı֮ÿյǴﵽһǳֲ
ϾֶֻҪһһٽûʲô
ֹǱܣ̷Ƴ˺ܶˮ裬ӯܲ¡
ŵԽԽãΪ˼ǧ򷿿ü̷Ҳûѹһλһֻз
֪ǰ̷趼ⶫֹûмġ
·һ춼ǳ̷࣬ûж룬ֻΪǺӵƤȥݵˣҲ˵䡣
̷ηֲԣŰʵ⼸ǲʲôˣ
üͷʵҲԺرˤӣСҶѾϤˡͻȻ֮װ
̷Ҳûж룬ֻΪСĺҶµģֻðСһ㣬ŲҪǲäȡ
Ȼڶ죬ȴǻҵر˻
ôˣ̷豻ŵˡ
ⱣǱˣ԰ıӳǼҲϤģԵ⺢ӴӲݵϹⲻ󣬾꣬ϿһЩֱϱ֦ˡ
̷üúõôͻȻϹ
ǿŰʵģȻԥȴǵһС۸
С죿
㶲ŷӦеСĸ
ôϹϵˣ̷ʵ
ץץԴԶԶؿСվԱߣ׷ʲôͲ֪ˡ
̷谴ŲİͻȻڵ϶ҸоͻȻµĵص棬ԲŴϹȥġ
ÿ綼ҪݵȥһᣬΪ֮ǰ¹ĹϵŴŵصȥ
񾭲С۾ˣô˼۸һӣ
ҲĪѣúõģӦûСɣ
ΪģʲôʱԹֿ룬֮ǰˤӣ˵ҲǶԷ֡
˵˵ȥǸϹӿ
Ĳ²˵˶Щš
̷ο򰢽壬ûǴĻСĹͷİɣ
Ǵ㡭¶ɡ
̷εͷǶãС۸¾Ͳô˵ˡ¼ҲҪСϳȥǾ͸˼һɡ
뷨˵ͷɣһȥ͵⼸ļء
Ľ˶ˣǸСȻ۸һСӣ
Ȼԣ̷һһŴӰǱ߿ļƵݷ¼ҡ
̷Ÿ̫̫úܣ˵ǵ⣬̫̫ŭ֮۵ȴǻһϲ
ܰǸҾϳȥˣ
汻йʱ򣬱żֲΪ⣬ֻ̫еûйȥ˵ˡ
Ȼһ̷ˣĳһ˵ʱ۵׾Ͳ¶ߺ
̷üԼôǵСˣԷôĵ⡣
̷̫̫˵˵һȻûʲôҪ˵𣿡
һʹļ׵֪㲻ŵ۸һ۾ĺӣ㻹
һʼװģ˵˵ž̲ס
֪С˼ô˵ģȻЩͬǼסôһݣҲû˵ܣûкúýйµĺӣֵģⴧ̰ҵȫҲ̻
Ȼؿɼȷʵ˲ٲƲǲƲǽרҵľ˴ģҲֻܵõֺ죬ܱƲȨ¼һ˶ûմ
棬ΪʱϱأŮҪͣȷʵҲ˲Ǹеʦ˽̶źˣѧУҲˡôѧˣ治
Ҫ̻Ҳȥ۸һϹСӰ
һӻҪҪˣ
ɫѿˣһϹѾͷ۸ôˣҪҲֻܹи֪ܵĽ㣡
СУΪ̷εãΪһģҲû˻ǲġ
Ͼ磬òѪŴõġ
˵ʲôǼβ֪Զථ£Լ֪ܣץˡ⻰̷Ųˣָıӵ㵹˵˵Ůǹˤ˼ǰˣ׷˼ˣ
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891 ˢøж

ƤҲ̷⻰˵ɫһһס
Ůôãͱȥٰ۾̷εҲվӿԼģҲ⡣
⻰˵ίʵ̷ź̷趼ըˡ
Ůôˣ㵹˵˵տڰѪˣ̷վ
̷ŸסؿڵŮĳôˣСұ꾲ºͣŮΣҲⲻң˼֮Ҫá
̷Щŵǰ̷ŵû°ɣؿ𣿡
̷Ҳ֪ķӦǰ̷ŵһߡ
̫̫ҲЩС𼱣⺢Ӳҿ϶úúýѵġ
ѵңһҵ˷й󣬵̫̫̫ʲôʸѵң
̫̫ƽͷһرָű̫ţֻ޲ֱιȥ
Ǿʹ¼ҹȥ
ǡʱһűŭſڴ
תͷȥ߽˲Ǳˣ¼ϴ
ƽǸ״˵ĸο㣬ԭҲЩţڿϴĸΪҹͣΪĿɲǱ̫ţ
򣡡˶¼ңΨһµľ
ҲˣҲֻǰαװɡ
Ǳͱϳȥˡ
˭뵽
ض˵ϴ󺰵Ӷ˰СһСʱڣؽͳȥ
װˡ
̷˻صң̷λã̷ź̷ȴԲ̫ˡ
СǲȻڮΡ
ǣεĳôˣⳤ˼ҵġ

̷˼ǸС˵ҹ᲻˵ϴκ๺ˣ
֪ԲеԻ·жôġ
̷۾ɴˣ˵ʲôʱҿɻڳһСסŵھӣǹˣִɲŮܲ׵ĹŴôҲǸˣô˼һҪ̲
̷ˣȴһⲻ̲಻壡Сظûйϵ˵θûǹˣҲֲܣ
汻ϳСҲˡ
Ȼûã̷ξͷ֣ȳڼ˿еƵʿʼˡ
̷⹫СǺ治ҴӲҳʱ꣬ұͣٻСȴĵģȥⷵɡ
̷ţСȷʵǸúӣҽȥϷ԰Ϸ·һƼݵ˾䲻߹ιü˶ˤӡС·ĦгСˡ˼ɵʱҲѸٽ˽Ǻݺݳһ
̷ְ֣ûŲýӽΪʵҺüΰʱ˳ְҰѻϳ˼ҴװأһӶûоæˡ
̷裺ûûҺüδӳг˳·һôСᣬɲˡ

̷ϲɫȴĥˢøжô£ô
һգһԭ˵̷ְֵСſȥӦģȻԷΪ³ٵ˰Сʱ̷ְǱȴȥͻˣ̷αԵСſڽˡ
ܽ԰ҵſȥǼǡ
ſõǼǣ˳ſڣ̷Ρ̷ͽС˰Žӳϰ
˵ȫͻˣ̷ζĻ࣬Ǵ죬Ҳʵڲ˼˼ҶŴ̫ػæԼȴԱ߸ɿš
ͻԱͺС̷δžԲᳬʮְ꣬ݣŹֿġ
ǳˡ
ͻԱͻȻιȥʱ̷˶ˡ
ʲô̷ʵ
С˱ʲôë𣿡
̷νеĵͽ۷£Ҫǰ鿴һͻȻԱͣ£ȴӳ̽ͷʵôˣ
̷͸һָͻԱСӲ֪ΪʲôͻȻˣ
ȴӳǰͻԱ˸һû£Ƕģеιȥġ
ģ̷ЩŽɡ
ûǴĻȺѧҽİɣ
Ƚ͵ǰڹ򹤵ʱй־һܿ
̷Ѿó޽ˮͻԱȥȻԷС
ȻûһᣬСӾԺ۾
СһһƿˮȥϽ԰ɡ
ͻԱɵɵӹˮȴǷӦ˹͵һŵԲ𡭡
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892 

ͰʣµĻãǧҪͶҡһ˵ţСҪ
̷ѹϣ𼱱𼱣Ȱٸɻһʱġ
̬Ⱥ̷ҲҲû¶С˿Ͷң
Ͷߡ̷ЩЦá
СӴҲǶˣõ֤֮󣬲˰װͿ
ԣȵˮСЩ£æ
̷СȥһͷССӵģһ²ԡ
С˵ͷȥˡ
Ȼٳʱ˼һѾԵòˡ
Сݸ̲סǼûˣѰٳһٷӦòڶιȥɡ
ϿͷûٳˡСЩ
Сɴ۾ǡʣ
⻰ûӦȴǻһĨᳰ
Ӧûûгɣʵ
ԣһСҲɴ۾һš
ûꣿСһȷСӣΪֻǿᡣ
̷˼ǱߡӦòӶδ˰ɣ
СһҭںˣǽСʱһˮ
Ȼһ֪ܲܵǸ˶ģһ100ء
ͻԱһĹʿ϶200顣
ῪʽҲˣʲôҪȥ˶ҸĻһ׬ǮҲ100ɣ̷β⡣
СͷȻῪûмգ䲻֤ܰһ㵥λҪҡ
ûмգûмҲڴ·ϿС۾ɴˡ
СҶͻԱӵļոˣϸĻҲͬһˡ˵ˣֻҪΥͨ򣬼Ƕòġ
˶٣˵Ҳÿ춼ܸ˶ģѵ˼£Ҹֺ¡
ȻῪǸﲻȥգ̷費
ûǮСӴԴҿļǸŹ¶Ժ︺ͻĴүѧģСѧʱͻˣҪǮò˵ˣյҲ
ԭǸ¶
˵16õ֤ˣѲɻû̷ξȵ
Сһ˼һа16ꡣ
𣿡̷ʵ
Сҡҡͷֻϵ
ôϣѲɹ¶Ժϣ̷ɻ
ǹ¶ԺϣǡСһҪ޳ıҪ׬Ǯ
ô׬Ǯȵѧҵ׬Ҳ̷β
С򴽵¶ԺһչǵĽزҪʮ
Сһͬ飬Ȼһ׬100飬ʲôʱ׬ʮ򰡣
ֻ9ˡСӵԼ6ճ21Ժó3Щְճ1ֻ9͹ˣ
ʡԼãԼιȥˣ̷εıЩӡ
СץץԴһ˼
Ǻʵ˵Ǹʲôʲô£Ը
ϼڹ¶Ժʱͺչǣѧҵ֮һֱֽ֮Ĺʼĵ¶ԺǸƻʳ29ˣ֮ǰһòСӵ
¶Ժ˶취Ǯ𣿡̷ʵ
ԣСЩʧҡҡͷǵģѾĸҲֻмԸǮϼ㣬ЩУԸѧҲֻҺŮ
Դˣڳʵ⡣
ȥѧɡȵǾҸ㲹ϣǹ¶Ժľ˻
ģСӵ۾ʱˣǸҪṩͼ鵥Щеģұ֤ûƭˡ
ʵϣҲȷʵ˾ڴϼѾǹ¶Ժĺӣ̫ʵ
ȵͷóһƬݹȥҵϵʽ
ȵһ𽫻ãСӶ뿪ˣ̷ԥ̲סȵ㡭һֱ𣿡ô׾;ˣ
ҿӣºӣ
ȵͷģֻһµģ
ҪȻأΪǮΪʲô඼ò󣿡ỺϵĻûô࣬Ҳû㿴ôࡣϡǲֻǮС
ԲҪԱҵĹκ˶㡣
վߣҲ󡡣
Ϊ㱾졣
-

893 

ʵϣѡˢ̷μ˵ĺøжȲûԵɵġ
֪飬Լ̷ǰ˵Ļ֮ϲŭɫ˲ˡ
Ҳˣ뿪԰ûйʲôӣƺǰþˣƭӾС͵ĸźõרҵʵڿףڿѾͷٲܱǧСųˡ
ôһ˼һ֮󣬻ǵһԼ׷ƻ
ͺСֽԽеĴүһȻźؼүͷҵڼ䣬Ӵ̾ġ
ˣƽյ뷨ٻЩ˽ġ
̰Ľٵ˼ңԼŮǮ˼ҵү׷Ȼϲֻ֣޲ոġ̷ҵ˽⣬һȻͨͨԲǻŮٵ˼ҡ
̷ֻҷΪ̷εİΣܴ󶯸ɸYаᵽBо֪ˡ
ο̷Ů٣ҲԲԼİŮΪ׷Ĺߡ
һú֪֮ͥĲࡣΪ˲ǽǸ߸ϵүҲΪ̷ͬθ棬ȻҪ໨һ
Ҫ׷̷Σȵ̷˶һõӡһΡ
̷β֪ȵ뷨ԷĻһЩ¡
ֻҪе֪ȵ඼ѿǰûж룬ֻΪ編λ߶µԼȽϴий淶һȣһַǳ
ȻڡȵĻȴ֪һ硣
翴ƳȻνжԲߣⲢȫԼ˵С
ܰٷ֮һơ
̷С壬ǸǱǵġ׬Ǯˣڶ˲Լ˲Тĸ
ҲΪˣòɫ
Ҳ볤úÿһ㣬Ҫݱ˳޵
ǿ϶ġκ鶼бףȻڴɫòԼ棬Ȳ׬ǮȥøõҪ
ƽˣǮ˾͸ˡ
Ǯ˶ԣòĳɫ̶˵չĵ̶ȣ˵չǾĶ٣ԼǴ󷽵ĳ̶ȡ
Ȼû˵
ЩǮˣǾǱȻǵġ
ǵĳʲôǾȥǮʵʵЩҪˡ
̷˽⣬ҲôúŪĲ˵˵ЩǮ˾ôǮȵ˿²Ǹı˵ܹøõδ
ȻǮȻձ鳤úÿҲûǸǾɫ
̷β²⣬ģĿĿڰλϣ̷С弴㾡£ȥǮҲᳬʮ
Ҫ˵̷Сÿģ֮ĲҲر
˵ȵò95ֵĻ̷Сò90֡
ĽǮϵ¡
ֻ˵ôúŪģע˵ıģҪǸжȥ£ҲӶ
һϵв˵ʱ򣬰ı鶼Ťˡ
ΣһҪǮˣץ̷ε۲ƽϣԺ󡭡һܳñȾϢ󣡡
̷ѹɽ󣬡²װκ決׬Ǯһ׬ǧˣȡÿµķֺֹܶôࡣ
Ҳû¡˻ֵǽˣǮǷ޹ͬƲ׬ٶǮҲһҪĿڴ
̷κߣԽ˵Խˡ
ѵҪɫѣ졣
̷̹Ȼѵһ֪ɫѣ
Ȱߣ͵ⷽ棬ǲǱ˴˱˴𣿡
ʱˡ
Ҹʵܲ۾̷ʵҪǲܾˣٺÿԼҲʲô˼˵ˣ㷴ǲ̸ģʲôʵһֲ㡣
Ǻȿ϶
̷γµǳɣҲῴ˳۰
Ӧ
ϱӾҵҵһӵݵİȴ˵
Ϊ֪ϱӰһֱ˿ֻòʵ֤ݣֻسһӴס
̷ȴǵǲǾ㸴ˣ
Щʵص˵ͷ¸пɸˡӲԼǸˣȻȻ첻ôġ
̷̾˿ֻܰοģȵһͻˡ
˸ۣû̷ôֹأվϢӣֱܣ
ԼΨһķֶξǵˡ
-

894 

̷η֣ͻȻ֮䣬ԼȵĴˡ
ÿ϶ȥĳй䣬Ҫǹߺ򣬲ǴδζʵģƷʺõģǱضһЩҪĿǻһֽţҲˣ˵´ͷ̷
ȥ̷Ǯִţ⽻
رճĻȴÿ춼ϳܵĺȡ
ҪˣÿԷԾŲһ߻ȥ
ԲǸóŮˣһʼ֮ǻûлΣȻˣҲÿż
Ȼ֪أͷչ˼ʲôģһ·飬ҲἫΪгܰˡ
ϣ̷ҲͳԹ֮ŰСһᡣżҲȥСԽ֣ҲˣСԣ̷ġ
ԼԾˣϲóȥСӡ
ҲǴҶѺӽ̵òһȺӼٲҲûǷΪ类ʰһˡ
Ȼ糿ʱ򣬺һ죬̾һ䣺һΪֻء
⻰˵ƽƽ̷λ⡣
ǵڶ죬̷νһݸ˺ȡ
˵żʼˣǰ̷δӳгȣ̷һСԷͻǰ곬УȻٰͻؼҡ
ȵʹ򿪺ӳһ
ôζ𣿡̷΢΢Цʵ
˴ĴָȱζիĶóԡ
ζի̷κ档
ֳһȻ͵һ˽˹ݣֻ͵⣬ǳĺóԣҲǳĹ󡣵´лᣬҴȥ
Ҳȴ⣬ϲ̿ζ̷ĺθڣҲ·߳һ˵̲ס˵ڶ
⻰˵ԼҲż
̷ξܾ
ԷǸŮضԼζʲô
硣
֮ǰҲһЩ̸鼮ҪҪͨԼһԼȥӰ֣Ӱϰ˰ԴסжйܼҺ죬ֲԹ֡ȲΥһֱϰȥαװҲðԱֽĹϣдһЩĿȫǵİš
䲻ȦٳϼźȦڲٵǶкϵǰҲûȦСΪšĵͻܵýĹע
̷һ£̧ͷ򶨵ȴε˫ɱЦˣð
һ˲䣬ֻļ俪˸ɫĻ䣬ȸлС
ɩǻ¼ŮܼңλεҼΪ⡪ΪĹʸߣΪλǸµģ˵Щ飬ΪֻҪ˷֮£ͲˣƽоֹҲΪ
һ죬ֶܻԷƺǳ
𣿡װǴֱӳȥɩ̲סʵ
ȽŲһ٣󵭵ãԹˣ
Թˣ
ɩһ٣㶵ؿԼ߳˼š
Ȼͣ
ǵû齻̫ϲĶżɱ⣬ȥҲֻϤļҡ
Ȼ֪ϰ߹ع˵Ǽҵ꣬͵ģ԰
ٲǾԵ˵ģȥǵʱ
ɻȴҲûж롣
Ȼɩͷ֣쿪ʼÿ춼ڼ緹ˡ
ΪϰߵĹϵҲôȥӶˣȥĻȽ϶ࡣ
һ죬˵Сܵԡ
ڽ㣬ҽ˿ʲôһЦݣƺʲôҪ
ɩ΢΢ü㿴ʲô²Ӧøйء
ȻͼСյС㲻֮ǰһֱڼҽ쿴̷Сһڸ԰ʯϣںࡣ
ɩ۾Բˣ˼ǡ
С˵ͷ̷СǸĻġ˵̷СģϾֻǼⷿסģһҲСϰա
ԡɩȴҡͷһ飺Ҷ̷СһҿһЩ
Ϊķȴƺ
Сɴ۾ģ
ɩҲһʱСǰ˵©죬Ȼٲ϶˵ֻһ۵ˣҵ²Ǹöܵġ
СǿɹϵδŮ˭
Ļ׻ɩĵ˻ȥ
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895 Լ

̷ηӦʱ򣬷ԼѾȵ͸аˡ
ݺǴһ٣˵ûԭô׾Эˡ
ҿɸ㣬ǲ̫ģ軵ˣʱĻԼһҲǳϢ˼ѼŶӸͣĸѰˡ
˶٣˵ڻδɣûأˡ
ҡͷ̾˵ÿһ˼䣬Ҳ˸飬ϢÿζҲ̫ƽˡ
߾ľ䣬̷λûôϡ
˵ҪȥζիʱҪһȥ𣿡ʵ
һԥһ»ҡͷҾˡеִģôݣҲԼĽһԲɢ
˼ҵһԼᣬԼǲҪȥˡ
̷αΪȺܿͻᶨʱ䣬ȥˣֱȥ
̷һôڲ˵ı飬ЩΣСǰʱЩæҲֻпգʱǶԲϡ
˵ʵҲЩԹģԼæˣϲŮҲæҪԼոʱ䶼ס
̷βɱЦˣǲÿ춼ܼ˵ԼҲ԰
ΪȻ¶ܶȸԾҡҡͷԼϵĻ̷̷̾Ҫˡ
̷ȴû뵽һ㡣
ȵ˵ط̷ηζիһĺԺĽɵģȥȣ·شȥ˺İ䡣
̷΢ɲ˿֮ǰѾ˺Ȧ׼û뵽Ȼῼǵôȫ棬˾ͱΡ
ȲЦģұȻҪһ˳ݽܸѡ
Ȼ˵꣬ŷֲԣһСưˡ
̷εոƣŵغðˣСΣԸҵŮ𣿡
̷̧ٵ˫żɬϲʵΪʲôôʣ
Ϊʲô
ȻΪ
һӶˣĹȾ˼ɫץ̷ε֣۾֣صϲ㣬ԸҵŮ𣿡
ʵ˵Ұģʶʱ仹̣˵⻰ԵùڸһЩ
̷δԸ⡣
Ϊʲô֪ӦɬˣȻ̲סʵ
̷ξ̧ͷһֿۣͷץס֣СΪϲ㡣
˵Ǵ̷úƷһ±ζիĲɫģȻΪһ׺͹ϵȷﶼۣĻ˼ֵǰĲƷ֮ϡ
˳ʲôֻĿڶԷˣһٷǳԱˣֻȥʱʲôζȴǸûע⵽
ӱζի᲻ôȥ˵ɽķҶʱȥ
̷Ȼܾ
ʵȥ·ϣȾѾˣΪͻȻɽ㣬˿϶٣ǸͲԼĺõص㡣
Ȼ˵طȴƺࣿ
˲࣬νķҶҲӰ
Ⱥ֪뵽ƺ˵⻰ʱǰ춼ȥˣ㾰ȻҲûˣһƬͺͺġ
ƽͷһֲ׵£İ֮ǰʱ㽩Ӳʯͷһ񶼲֪ķˡ
̷۵ʢЦ⣬סǽȥɡ
סƺ㲻ڿЦ
һƬͺͺģʲôÿģ
̷̿ͲΪ˿
һӱȻˣĿ䵽̷ϣֹס⡣
һ뷨ء
ɽһƬͺͺ˾УԽԽɡ
һ紵̷εˣְۺã̧ǰˣͶסˡ
䲻䣿ģ֣е
̷Ц䣬һļ¶쬵ġ
ɽ治ǹ۾ʱϹͺͺˣصĿҶһ紵ʹͷ
Ȼȴ˭ûᣬһһεذŶԷҶժ£һһεڿҶʱ뻳УΪ·ߣһֱ
ôĥСʱʱ䣬ȲЩؿڵˣȥɡ
̷εͷ
ȥ·ϣȿʵ´Լᣬȥʲôطû͵أ´Լˡ
̷ٹ¾Ҫѩˣȥѩɣ
ЩȣỬѩ
ᣬԽҡ̷ʵǻỬѩģⱲӳϷȴӦòġ
ȸ˵ãҽ㡣
-

896 ±ζ

ûʼѩκ決ȴǳ׻
κϴβͬûĸ췭ƣȻȻͷ·Ǻһ㡣
ʵϣ췭κ決Ҳʲôϡˡ˵䲻ģκ決Ҳꡣ
죬ıܺ¼ˣʼ͸ƤԼ⡣
ﻹ˸±ζ
˵һ⣬±ζⶫ̷ϰҪôҪһպ̷⹫һڣBߵ±ζ̫̣һ˿ζûУ̷ξʱ
ˣ⣬±ȴˡ
Сڵ﹤մ⡣ֵſͷְ𣬸˿٩ɽʱ˿˵ļļҵ±ζóԣһ̲סҫ˵±ζҲóԡ
ȻˣһȺ˿ͳ̷±ζ
СЩмܲסˣ㵽̷ǰ
պǻһ̨հװ̷ξŪ˸ʮ±ζ͵Ҳ࣬һֻצһֻѼķ
ҲΪ˴ɺã˿ǳŪص㣬˻ԡһʱڣΪʮƷĶˣһһ˵üݣÿһݿʮͷ
Ϊö˶˵Ҫ±ζ̷Ҳ£⣬Ӧˡ
Ȼ̷ְ˶ںԺ˸ӣĻҹͣ±ˡ
±ζ㣬С˶ζ˹ھӵģһͳȥ١
ҳžúóԣֲ˼Ҫǵģպ֪ģҲǮ
¿ɺã԰⣬һҪüʮ⡣
һʼҲӴģ̷Ҳû뵽±ζ׬ǮҲûٶ١
̷迴õ۾ˣ
̷εǵ±ζⶬˣ죬հװҲ׻
Ǿ̸±ζ²⣬ʵȴ׬ġ±ζⶫܶ컹춼̷ְֵ
̷ˣģ
̷ְֵͷֳɵ׬Ǯᣬû
ԭûʲôҰĵģ۾ϹŮǸߵý˼ǰ̷ȴһһ̷壬û
ûùŮȥʸ֦ǺĿŲŮʵ⡣
˵䲻ģǻģŮôʵ⡣
õŮɵ˲Żȥԧ졣
һҲƣȻãﳤȴ˵ҵָ̫׼Ҫ˿
ԭأ׬ǮĻᣬȴһ¶˾ġ
Ůͺ֮ΨһǺؼұ̷ǮһУҲ̷ұɺͺؼһǮ˲ͺˣ
̷ζˣΪԼǸ޴־İְֱ˴ˡ
Ȼۼ̷ְܳȥҵ̷̣βŲòϣԼϰͻȻϽģ
˵ȴ˲²⣬Ȼû죬̷ְ־ҵ˺ʵĵ棬Ʒעᡢ֤ˡ
̷±ζ̷ͷֵǲ
Ȼʵܿˣ˭ȥܣ
ȥ̷ְֵҴBиǳͬǿݣļļ۸񲻱ˣҵ۸Ͳ󡣵ʱѵĻȥ;ˣһҪ˶Ǯ
ǻפƽ̨ء̷費˵ͷѾǹ˿͸
̷ְҡͷǾˣЩԱŵƿֱײģԵľˣǶĲڡ
һ˵̷Ҳûм֡
һΣ̷ְУ֮󣬻һµʱװޣȻƸԱ̷±ζͿʼʽӪҵˡ
ǳʳζʤ
̷±ζ±̷ģζǲˡ˵䲻ǫĻ±ζûб̷±ζǿġ
һ£̷±ζڸվ˽ŸÿӪҵܴﵽλϡ
һգ̷θڸĹ㳡ιӣ·ϣʵ±ζһƷ𣿡
ʲô̷ˡ
ȵհǶ̷±ζѾռ˸е±ζгܶԶ˶صܹΪ±ζҿȫֿڶҷֵꡣ
˶٣հװʳƷ𣿡
̷ûôҰģһȥҰ֣
ЩεԴ˵ʲô󵽵׻˻ȥֻǵá
ûϵﱾͲǻҹˣЩ֪Ҳûйϵ
ġ
̷ְŮתǼֱ˯ͷҲ͵⻹𣿵ȻǸˣ
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897 Դ

̷βɵһʼû뵽Ⱥ̷ְָΪ¿ʳƷæýŲմأҲعζˡ
һʱж˵ģһʱǡ
̷ְ֣֪ӶЩģ뱲Ӷƴ˵ȴԼƴβۣ
˵ȥѩģѩ˺üˣȴûг
ףȥѩȴǲˣȾ̷ȥȪȻҲǣСӵһ£ͻǼȥȪҲǸݸģǾû˼ˡ
þǱߵĴƳһԹ˶˵ãȦϲǶԷĥŴ̷ȥһΡ
оٳϹ㳡ȥ䡣
һֱͣ˵û͹ʲôأΣҲø㶫
Ψһ˹ǵǣͱζիһûа䣬ֻдá˵ҲɵģĴóȫҪԵúã͵ֳֿ˾ǱߵĿλϯصģԱ߷Смǿ¯ȴûдŵӡԭаģһĿ¯ֽţ˼ұҲֻҪǵĿڱֻǲ֪Ϊʲô¿¯ըֳ
ĹҲ֪ôģͰѰ䶼ˡ
̷˵£ûԥ͵ʲôʱȥ
ʱܻȦˡЩԥ
̷ЦˣѵһӲң
˵꣬۴вؿ·ֻҪͷͻᴸԴ
ȻǡҡͷҾð㡣
ѵί̷ηʡ
æҡͷᡣ
ȥĵ죬ȻŽžˡԷĿһ̷ֱתֱӽܵδ̷Ρ
̷һתͷȴһ򶨣ƺԼ˵Ĳ顣
ҲһҲҴܣ˵˼ˡ
̷֮ηʱʱ˽Ŀ䵽Լϣôһ£ֻ֪
ƳĿ治һ߰һߵ˵ԼģûעЩ߰ĿأԵҲлʳ
̷˵۸ҲܶԵ㾫ǧֻ֪ˡ
ʵҲķ̷ԭ˳Բô࣬رһڣǽһֻԵˡ
ҴСͰ⣬䰮ԿģһԾϻ𣬶ʱҲҷſӳԣѵ÷һءǻһ߸ʢһ߽͵
̷һ㶣һȥ»衣
ǿɺãұﳤ׼ˡЦ
ӾȥȵĿȫ򲻱ȿҲ
á󣬲ų̷εͷͱˡ
ۼֿظΧΧϣ˾ѳˣ˾˳
ûʲôҪ˵ģӷ̷תͷȣϾʵ
һɣżִȤӣ˿ȻֻҵŮѣǻῴ㡣ϾȦܶ˰ǣ˵ȥҲŮѣֻн˵δޣ˲ŲҽκЩΪһ̸
̷ʵµˣȴװһȺʧһΪҪء
ȶʱˣֵ鲻ܲʣҵúú׼
ô棬̷̲סЦˣ㿪ЦءҾǻᣬ»Զأȫô硣ôģǶ˵⣬ﻹν֡
ֻҪһҪ
ȵȴˣ㲻ҽ飿
̷һҲǣǾý᲻ᶼû𰡡
в𡣡ֻҪһ첻飬ͻǰգҲŮҸǰա
һ˵һ߿̷ΣȻЩζˡ
Լ˵⻰ѵóԴ׵ôһ㷴ӦûУ
̷β֪뷨ͷЦ߿û˴չߡ
Ⱥסˣȴ̷ε㰡
ش̷̧ͷ֪Ӧˣ
Щίؿһۣ㶼Դס
̷ζʱԼȻ⻰˵ȴöԷԼں
ԥҲʵڲ֪ôֱͣӱͷȥ
һܿͷΪؿסе̳Դطſ
ʱʲôԴײԴ׵ͱ׵Ժˡ
-

898 

ȵĺֻά죬죬԰һ֮͡
ôпչ棬ѾߵſڵĺȽŲһ٣Цʵ
ԭںȿȣվһЩ¡
ʲôѾ²⣬ȴһ򾲵
õЩڣҲ˵ĽǼʣֻҲ׽
ʵȦ˵δˣǡϹ˵İɣ
ġȵ
ס󳶳һЦʵ֮ǰôһû͸ļҵС㣿
ļҵС㡣ϵĴ£ԵһȲ裬һںȦˣǸͨͨƽ񡣡
ڿЦһ𾪡
ȿһۣ֪ģҴЦ
ǡϵľȻûȥҾ֮ǰ˵Ҫý¼ҵСҲ䲻ֺαίԼȥȢûûƽŮ
ȵı鲻֪ʱȥ̧ͷź棬ʲôʱ˵Ȣ¼ҵСˣҲҵδޱ¼С
ԣ򴽣˹ŵϲԾش˼ֲΪ⣬ˣֻΪԺҪȦ죬ԵֻǸƽŮǱ˵Ϊ˵û㡣ǼҲǼģòƷԶһһģƽŮܹȵϵģ
ȵıѾѿˣȴһҲһȢƽŮ
㵹˵˵ҸﲻһĻû˵꣬Ⱦش
汻ģһҪʶ࣬͸óױ죬Ҳ֪ôģǶźȳһĿĿİͰ͵ǣ㡭ΪԼǣҲȢŵԵĴС㡣нŮʿڣԺӸò˵ۡ
ء
մͲˮÿһӰȥ
ȿ·һֻŻĲȴǺҹȥ
鰴˵˾ͻȻȥĵͷˣͥҽһҽԺ
͵ҽԺǵ⣬ҽҲҩǧССģڶಡǷˣ˰Ű˴үȹ
ˣҽҲ˵ˣྭ֮Խˣǲ࣬ǻһˡ
һүӡϷԼжż֪
ֲô׵ģȲ˵ʵԴжѵá絹Ҳû֯ǣ˼ҸҲû˸򰡡ʵڻȥĻ˭ҲΪֲһ٣ױһ˹֡
Ϸۺ棬䵽زֵ֪ȥ˺֮ģʱͱˡ
أأ粡ô죬Ҳǲˣ֪ԼˣԲŲһ
ü˵䣬Ȳˡ
Ȼ˵ںϷ˵Ĵߴ£ﵽ׻Ǹȴȥ˵绰
󣬺ûлȴûͻһм¼
Ǽ¼ǱģǺȥҺʱ֮䷢ĶԻ
ȿ꣬үӺͺɫ˶ú汻Щ̫Դˣ¶ģǺģغҲġ
Ϸȴȫãŭôܶ˵ĻȥȰȴôܵܵ𣿡
裡ƫĵĻʵЩȥˡ
үҲڵǵ˳ģҪֻ棬ҲվȵΪһ¡
ѵ˵ò𣿡ϷǺ
Ȼԡ
үӲ˵ֻǵĻ۶ԲԶ˵ǻҲֲ˵˵֣ҲǱȴ졣
˵ȻҲǵΪһͲǸӣδ̫ˡһѪ⣬û˶
ڸĸԶӵ簮ʵһֱǲ̫ͬģϵܵĴ̫ʵںݲȥ˵ǡҲǼʵѿΣŷ
Σؼܲһڷԡ
Ȼڼңլ߷ȴ֪
ȥլЩӶ˿񶼲Ҫ󣬾ͶӶΪ˸ýǱߵϢ͸¶
ڴߣ׻ûס̷εĵ绰
ǽòãžҹɫУ
ӵԼļңһļҡ
롣
绰ǱһƬȻһá
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899 

ڶ£˶Щš
Сſ̷εʱһʱ䶼Щǰ졭
ô㷴ˣ̷ǰס֡
ǣȻûСæҡͷתͷҡ̫ͻˣǴúøġ
ǸҪ̷ҡͷ
ý᲻鶼ûϵ绰ȵʵ˵ܾĻ
ȻӦˣҲûзڵ˼
ǡȴԥҼί£ĸǨŭΡ
ûϵ̷εֻҪվߣ˭Ҳ۸ҡ
治£ȵĳٵѣҲǮЩĨǵֶΣӦˣʱԼ˼Σ
ЩǮҪĺܣ˺Ƥġ
˺Ƥˣ͸ˡ
شЩԥҲɢˡ
ãһһֱվߡ
̷תͷǽסĶ
ס԰˶٣ȵ
̷ȫˣȻ±˵ѣסһ¾һˡ

̧ͷȵԸ˵˵𣿡
һ漴ã֪ʲôҶ㡣
̷β²ؼҵܻЩӣȴû뵽Ḵӳӡ
ҺȻںؼҷǳܺӡҺ͵λȫǿԼŬ
˵̷꣬Ƭ̺ʵˡ˵˵ǵĿ𣿡
ȻԺҪˣǾȸЩҪ˼һµģЩȫù˼ɵġ
һΣȳĬãȻ游ѾˣΪ˹ܸ۴磬ٱϣǸǹƽġĸԼԴƫģȻû˵ٻǾĸ׵Ķӣһһ񶾣һȺ硣Ҫ˵ҲһĶûУһعΪƱǩˣԭĺ£Ϊˣʱ˹ȥ͵ҽԺԲ¶Ǻ֪һᣬ¿ʼʳڴ󲮣ܵܵĶӣβĸ׵ĺӣһ򲻴ΪԵ׵¾Σֲ
λҲʲô̬ȣҶٻиģĸס
˵üĸˡ˵ԭҲ̬Դ鱻˽ƣòһϢ֮֮ԽƫҲԽִҴű׶ӻҪҪɡһ游ĸС취Ҹ룬ûٸ飬˼˵ϣ׵Ĺɷ䵽ûӣҲܹúܺá
̷˼ĸסںլ
Ҹ׳ºͰȥˡȵˣȥʣ˺ͽߵñȽϽƽʱ
̷ε˵ͷˡ
һ죬̷λصҾ͸˸ĸԼͺȽ¡
ʲô̷ְæһ챾ţ⻰ʱ
ǲŽãôͻȻҪˣ
̷򴽣Ǵˣֻ˵ͬⲻͬɡ֪ԼҰִ⣬һҲͬ⡣
Ȼ̷ְԥµҪͽɣǻ²ִܲ٣
̷Żع⻰ʱͲˣ۾Ůʲôʱʼģ
а˰ɡ̷ӵ
Ҳͬ⣡̷ҲҪһܿǽ顣
̷üҰֵżͽˡ
ǲһ̷ǵ˽ܣ˫ĸҲڳ֪֪׵ġ˵ǻˣҶǻҲӣڵô໨ӣ
̷㲻һֱ˵Ⱥõ𣿡
£̷ֵϵˣж˺öԼ˲õģҲжԼ˺ö˲õģҲǺöӵǺɷģҲвǺɷǸðְֵģ˭֪һ֣
̷εһδԼôеĻһµϣԼԺŮˣ
ٲֲܱ̷Ȼ涼ڣҲûԵĶ̰壬ү̶Ҷ㶼ãҪ˵ĻҲȱ˵ϽģҲûӡ˵ǿʼϽں
Ů֪Ǯúãòļˣ֪٣
̷Ҳ͵Ҷ֪˵ˡ
-

900 

ȫ̷֪һɵȥĸˣ
̷θұ֤ԼҪǸ˵ǣǵһƤ
ϾӷϽŮ̸֮ۼޣӦȥŮĸȻȥзĸģǷˣŮضҪԼ̷ȻҲ̷֪϶⡣
ˣæҡͷûУȸ˵¡
˵˵̷ɫ
̷ְҲһ˹
̷ξúȼҲûʲô˵ģµ˲ûض˵ˡ
ҲûãԺģ֪ܲ
̷̷ְֺ꣬趼ˡ
ǡ˿̷ְ־벻ݴˡ
̷˰ʵĻôӣִС˺ӣ᲻ЩŤ
̷һʱЦõ裬뵽ȥˣΪǿӾأ
̷ҡͷǻ˵Դ
̷һΪ⣬ЩţǻᣬиСӣ֪ɶúãҲáСǻиӵĹѸ˵ҲǸˣԭɷ鲻֪ãսϣʿܵĲ٣ԼҲ׬ǮһҲɣͶٻͷǹѸҿһ˹ģ¶ӻڼ̸Կ͸ǸСӣԼԼӿ϶ǵ׶һġҲǼ£¶ԼҪְ֣Ѹű˵Сӽ˻顣˽ӵǹòСӶԹѸĶȷʵ缺˴ѧǺӽ飬ҲԼĻó򷿡ǻᣬ˼Ҷ˵ѸټǼ޶ˡ
أȶһ飬Ѹ顣ǻ˭Ȱ˾˼СӣȾò˼ˣͰ˼Ҷ
СҲ⣬˼ǹѸƺҲ޿ˣ˵ࡣԭСȻ˵ȴϲøֵڴĥ޴ŮˡǹѸһ緢ɷĿ飬ȻȴǽӿӡСӹȻ⣬ԺȴĺãǻḸ֮ҲѾ顣Ϊ˶ӣǹѸ˰뱲ӣ̵ӽˣȻҲԸˡ
̷ζˣǸȲˡǲ֪Ӻα⡣
̷跭˸ۣСһֱҲǸ˰
Դˣ̷ְֵвͬο϶ĵġ
㶮ƨ̷Ĳģ㵹һţҪǺ˹ŮһӣĲ㣡
ˣŹŮͺ£Լһأ
̷ְһˣ۹Ůʲô
һٳı飬Щ˵ǵ𣿡
̷һ㶣ôͻȻ˵
̷Ҳһ⣬֣ĳɳпǸˡ
̷ְֵε񣬾͸Сһ
С꣬ڵڵһƬ򣬼ֱһףӢ̨ɽĴ
÷һ𳤴£Ȼ˼ʱСҹУ·һȺ˾Ƶĸ̣ˡǻĻأС¥ɱˡ
ȺҲȫɥģȾ˾ȥˣΪδ꣬Ҳû̡ȻˣСҲҲˡ
ǻ鵽ˣһ󣬼ӺСȺҲһһˡûȾȥ飬ȥˣڡ
Ǹ磬Ҷ̾С̷Сʱ򣬵Ӿ绹ûô໨ʵĹѾİˡ
Ȼ̷̷ְֺĸʵЩ;˵ĻҪ̷ְ֣СǴСʶġڣ̷ְÿ궼Ҫȥ̽һ
̼ǵõһȥ̽ʱ󲻺ڣ˵Ļ
ҸĸһĺӣСҲӣǳ£ǹȻģĹչҶԣСû˾ûˣԺûеڶСꡣҪ˵ҲйģҪȻҲһȥɱˣ֮ﷴƽˡ
֮ÿһȥҪһûкڣûлشϵЦݣȴʮһյƽ
Ѿû˵Ӣ˧ԭڵٱóªѾͣȻ˫۾һ統С껹ʱһ㡣
ᡢƽ
ԺȵǸôƥ䣬̷ְҲԸŮ
飬ⱲӿһΣŮˣǲԸˡ
-

901 Թ

̷Ĭˡ
ʶʱҲҪʱֵģֽ϶ˡΪϵͬһѧǻһȺŮӻܵѧУȥıҵƬء
̷̸ְ֪ľ͸ˡ
ɰôƭҵİɣ
ƭ˭Ҳƭ㰡̷ְֵ˵ˣŮ£Ц𣿡
ǡ̷üСǴСһ鳤֣ǺΡƾʲô
ƾʲôء̷̷ְֶεһ£ʲôʱϼԶٷ
̷죬Ҳֻԣȼ档лɣΣȼ˵
һߣȻһ˺լԼ¸˳
үӺͺ涼һ㶡
ô죿û뵽ֶӵжôѸ١
үʵЩģ۴˭ʵʵģȱҪ飬ҲӦûһǸʱ
ⲻǴ
ǺֵŤѲٽһң
룬û˵
Ϸ˾ûôˣʱΪأͷǸʱ飿
ǶʮŲʮţõôͲ̹ӣ
ɫֻ֪ͨǣǵǲˣԲμҵĻ񡣡
˶٣ֲȻǲ⣬ҲԲμҵĻҲǿ󡣡
˵ʲôүŭѵҪ˿Ц˵ٳϼŵĵڶɶǰ϶ļ̳ˣʲôǣҲܲϯ
ؼҶôˣ
ѵͱ˵ۼѵͲ˿Цˣ
ʲôЦϷŭۼʲôЦ˿ģ
ȲؼҲˣѩᰣزɩӵһǸǽĶȻͣȴǽѩ֣ؼҶһƫϴ󣬽ȼ̳ٳϼţ˭֪᲻Ǻ޺档
ȣүӴŭ
ϷѾؿڴˡ
ҡҡͷü⻰˵ģ˵ġ
Ȼ֪͸ӦúúöԴ档ֻˣάֺһĵˣǸѩһǸɥĶħϷ˺޺޵
һ漴ȴ̲סЦˣĸĸ㵽ڻû𣿡
Щ˵ĻѾ˵ôˣΪʲôڻûף
ʲôϷˡ
үȴ̲ס۾
ȵ˶֪Ǻ޴磬ΪģֻΪǵƫİ
㡭Ϸ˵ˢذˣĸծӳ
Ȳϵ̸Դĸ׻úûأĴƵͷҪôޣ͸ֱӰѽѩϷͥǹ˼15%Ĺɷ˵ףдҲãҸҲãҲã˵ٳϼҪ𣿡
ȻѾѡ񣬲ܶԴԼᶨסĸ׳ȴҪĸծӳӵ
ȣһΣ涼̲סˡ⻰Щˡ
ǹ֣Ҳȷ𣿡ȵǵ͵͵ĸŪҲùǨŭһӰ
˵˵ȥԼؼҵ
ЩӺСʱ˵ȴһֱû˵
Ҳû뵽ĳ£Ȼ˵ˡ
Ȼȴúڡ
ϷѾˣǺүӣ֪ôģǿڵȻ飬Ͱδ޴ԶٷҲǼһɡ
ǾûбҪˡҲ͵ҲͬǼʲô𣿼ȻˣǾûһίıҪ
ûʲôҪ˵ˣԷеĿӣҳˣԱ㡣
һֱӰʧŷ·˾
˵ʲôϷ÷
ʵȴ룬濪ڵǺӣҲһԹûеġֻԹķԤϵر
ΪԹ棬ԹѩԹϺȴû뵽Թľǡ
֪ˣӦùϢѩġ
үûڣǹϢѩĽΪ
ǵģǸĽѩȨ䵽ǺؼҵĺӣҲǽѩĶӣܺĲ󣬷ɷ˭ﶼû
úؼҵĵԼҵѪǻǽѩˡ
ʱġ
-

902 

ȻԺˣڳҩҩٶаã˯ñˡ
ⲻһѾ˵ˣȴǴ
үϷһó˲ˣ¯ϻԵİ˱ھ͸ʵ
˵ͷҲԷ𣿡
ееġæҽ˵ó׿˻ʳһֱеģҪԺ໹Ƥࣿ
Ϸ˶ԴģˣºүӶеķԭˣҲû˸ҵ
ɡ
Ӧһȥˡ
ûã˽֮ǰ˵ģһѼ
Ⱥʣ͵үѿ˼̬԰ļ㶼Ұģǲͻġ
ȻϷ˴үģүֻдӼãȴǲ͹үСʱʱʱظѳȥ棬ĶҰҰø㲻ȵˣιˣǾ͸ǲˣ˵ĺʡȻķۡιѼӡӦоУֻ벻ġ
ЩӶˣҲûٸմ⡣
ҲǴ֮ӶǶԶү
ԣҪȥĶһ٣ʵȽˣ
˵ͷǶүģֻ߰أÿֻôϷ˵ˣүá
ʵأ
үԼˡС
˵үүùһµģ˼û
Ͳ˵ˣ˵˱˰࣬Ѽһûʣضˡ
ʰ뿪ͿڴϷ
ΪϵСͲܴ޲ܴЦһȣĽˣƫԼ뷨ԸҪ̵ƫģҲҪȵڡ
һ㣬֪Լ֮ȵĸ׺ģĸҲ˶ġ֮ͻȻһ
·ʱʼȾǴµˡ
ȻԾլ˲ôȴڣȦͬĺӶ֪ǸĸǽõʵԼ
ȻֻܰԼȻܸһһȸϲ
ȵѧϰʱȱֵñ࣬ʦ̵ģһͻᡣʦû̹ģҲǿ˾ͻᣬܰʦʵ
ǸʱЩѿģǲˡôұֵñã
Ⱦǲ
ƺûҪͷѧϰ˶Ǹգңң
ͻȻһ£ԼȿǷԼȻȴá
ڣκҲκ˶
Ȼ󣬰ְͻȻѡΪ̳ˡ
ûüŭүү̾ͳֻػ
֪ȱҲֻһΪ򹤣ķŭʱ糱ˮһˡ
ȻƾʵΪٳϼŵĵڶɶʱͻȻʼֻˡ
Ҳʶһ¡үү̵ƫԼҲԶȡ
ηһһǹġ
Ҫ֤һЩ飬֤öôߣǰҲֻܵͷ
ȻʵȴԸΥ
棬̫ˡ
ְֵĻ̧ͷȫԼûнһֱԹ¶
ΪʲôҪѡΪ̳ˣҲӲҵ㣬ǿרҵ˵ˣٳϼžͱһҪҪ
ԭҪҺ̸̸ϣȢıãȢһƽŮӡ
ľȸãߣǲ¶Էġ
ȢıãǵĹϵܸһ㡣
Ȼڶʱ򣬲֪Ѿˡ
һʣ֪ȾҪȢǸƽŮӡ
ȵ£ԺȥܡĻ˵úܲ˵ֳһͱ죬Сչ㣬Ϊֳչȥ£ⲻйģָֻš
ʱˣϷ˵ʲôһԵĺүסˡ
ﲻ˵Ϸ㿴ϴ˵Ļ
ϴ˵Ļôأ㿴᲻ٲү̾
Ϸ˲ɵӣʱһ˼ǡ
үӰֵΪᲡȻ϶ԣȵĻҲûϴ֡
˶٣һֱȼǺ棬ȻڡǷˡ
ڼȣȱȱ㡣
Ҫһֱһͷ
-

903 ̷ʳƷ

ȵһ̷ҵŷǳ˳
̷豾úÿһŮѣȻ浽ٳʱȴһӵˡ
ûϢʵǺȵʵ̫ǿˣôҲ˲ҷԼҹŮǰ·һ㶼ûӰ졣
У֮ǰԼ˵ǻ̫ţֳȿŮͻȻҲŷˡ
˵ģһ˴뱲ӣ˶û񿴹ء
ȻĵģȴǺȺһ
±ζӣӦûӰɣ̷Ρ
̷һ㶣ʲô
ֻҪشлûоˡȻӡ
̷ε˵ͷУҪʲôӣ
ֻ˵ʲôӰɡȵ
̷ͷĵķ壬ÿһֶǾƷеľƷֻǷٺãһˣҲһζ
پǸˮƽģ¶Ҳڶ
ôҲǼӶġ
̷β֪⣬ڵӡտӡΟhӡӡӣ桢С塢ץֻҪ뵽ģҶҲóԡ
̷ְµȵˣͷԣʲôóԣûʧֹ
ǰʮ꿪ʼǼＸͲʳġĶٺóԣȲġ̷ȻԣŮûġ
˵ˣŮô㣬ֲǲ䡣
ίʵĻشƬ̺󿪿ڵǾȿտ
̷ˣ˼ǡ
Դʽռ㣬㼼ռ߲㣬ɺã
ôģ
Լռˣ
ֲӦ÷Ǻġ
ҪڷԣһڵҪˣɷ˭ռ˭ռһԺҪǵĺӡ
̷Щ졣
һԵ̷̷ְϵЦȴԽˡ
⵱ȻǲһģᶨǾǻǰƲԺ飬ҲԼҹŮռˡ
ȻŮ飬Է̬ڳʵġ
û˵ȿտԺأ
ŮͷķӶأûʱˣֻҪʱԺŮʵʵҡǮ
׼ȷ˵ӦҡǮ֡
ǿǮķϣǺؼҵĳҲܵΡ
䣬Ƕ۾óȵĶڹŮϡ
ΪҲס԰뿪ʱ̷εû
˵ڶһɢʵͷʽ𣿿ɱǿ
ʳƷ⣬ӹȻǸҪǿǰҪͶʽͲСĿ
İɡȵպһҹ˾֣Ǳʽ͵տֻҪζãʳƷҵرǺܿģο
ͷв棬ɱܹʡ١
棬һԼֵģʣµģȴġ
˵׵ĲƲԭӦöǸѩģؼҲǳصģ15%ĹɷûûȴŽѩЩ̶ת¡ҲΪѩһЩ⡣
СҸ̷ʳƷѾʼӯˣһܹ꣬رտҲʽӪҵ̷±ζȵףʽܹȵ꣬ٳıʳƷ⡣
̷û뵽Ұô󣬲֪ЩȻһ˱ԣԸ͵ǰ׬ǮᣬȴΪ
ԼóķҲģҲûзԡ
ˣڻտ֣뷨𣿡ʵ
̷°ͣԶ̷һʼЩڲۣǵȵꡢտ±ζٿĵ꣬ھܵõ˿͵ˣԴгкܴİ
˼ˣǺãȥעһ˾־ͽ̷ʳƷΣ±ζʳƷҲϡտտЩ
̷εͷãںܶͥϲDIYЩгС
ȵͷ֮ǰǲŪѧУ
̷һ˼
ǡҪ̯̯
ǿԣǡ̷εѧУѿҪþˣҪѻܡ
ѡȵҿһʳսĿ겻ǺѾģҿ
̷Դ㡭æ𣿡ûǴĻٳϼŵܾ
ԣȵı鷴Ȼٳϼŵļ̳ˣֻǼ̳ˣŵĵ˻Ҵ󲮡
ֻǵڶɶǵһɶǰʱ࣬
׻۶ӵġ
-

904 »

»Ǻԩˡ۶棬ֶӵķﲢȶ١
ӻǶοͷʵȽϺáעĬĬŵˣڸ治ֶӣҪǿֶӣ簲ַ֡
ұ֤Ժһչ棬Ҳֻ֪Ҫ治ǣȲȥԸ
棬һ¼ڣԲ˶ٿȱǿҲؿͷĹɷһӽʳ
֮ܿȣΪѩйϵ
ûüܽ˰칫ң̱ȲʵΣס𣿡
סˡϰϵˣʵڿʵͲԼһڰ˵ģ˶ʮ棬ܽŮʿҲѷɡ
̱һǾͺá
˶ΪѩЩӼΪɷ֮Ļ䣬ʵġ
ǺؼҲٳȥʡ
Ϊ˺ؼҵ棬ҲΪ˺ȵ档
ôһݳªĸף·˭϶һ¡
ȻѩôֵģԼԼ֪ݲһֱûеõ֤ʵ
񵹺ãͷĳ붼ûˣѩƹˤˣҿһֱûɶǱߵƿءýѩڹϣǺȾĶˡ
䡭
뵽̽ЩѩĴ㣬ɫѿ
Ȼ֪ѩ˽͸˽ңҲϡ
ûŮ˾Ȼܺݶز
ȵˣʲôô
15%ĹɷݶԾôҪҪԼӶ
Ȳӣڰʱȴȫŵ㣬ôôô¡ô
̷Ȼ̫ˣҲܲµ⣬˾ûзԡ
̷ֱֳβŵһοؼҳؼҲȷϺǻŮˡ
ԭΪѰӦǸճڵģȻʵȴ˴۾
Դˣܶ˲⣬ȴи˱ʾ⡣
òⶫͨ˿⣬ײ㣬治ǲ׷Ķ
ԺȵңŹϼ꣬λεĺ̫̫ͻˡ
»鵱ҹʵֱ̫ۣӾھƵסˣǵڶȥ˺լ
ϷֱŤģɣϱûΪѣҲһģȻͷӵĻȴˡ
ѾˣԼţǼ⡣
ȻֺϱҲòڡ
ֹǺϷˣ̷һʼҲͷҪôԴЩϵЩ̫˵ĳ
ĥһʱ䣬öλˣûҪԴ̷үү̷ȣȴԵСЩӲŤûлĵү̫̫
ˣûƵģźүӺͺϷ˰غ游ĸֱӺүү̡
үү̾͸ھүүһ˳ڲġ
ǺүӺͺϷ˲֪
үкãԭŤĺϷһЩˡ
ǸоǡԭΪ̷λһ䵭ģ䵭һƺҲ˵ùȥ
ϾûóϸֺСĵ
Ȼ̷ôһ޽ٵģϷ˷Ƕ˲סˡ
Էʱһ̷вˡ
κֲˣĶĺóԡ
͹ı㣬ͷ˵ʣҲҲġ
һ򰮳ԣҲ֪պãԺҲ

̷Ǹģ˼ڣҲܸɫ
Źȷʵ㣬Ҳǡô΢еͲζˡ
Ҳһ׺ߣ˶Ƥá
Ǻã̵ġ

ôһӦϷ˿ˣΪ˱ԼԳţ̷ֻܷҲвˡһʱ֮䣬ֻʣȴǺò֡
ȶˣҲûõȥ
ǺүӺܿ췴Ӧô궼ûŮˣȻӶˣЩʵڲøӶ˵ҲǼįˡͻȻ˸ϱǸദģһʱ˻ˡ
͸̷˵»ںլס죬ȶٻ԰̷ζԴ˲û
ص䣬̷ոպϷ˸һԺӸͻȻû뵽ĸȻ֪ϲԿ㡣
ȷϲԿ㣬Сʲô̰࣬Ϸ˵˼һںϣίʵû뵽Ȼ֪ԡ
̷ǰסҾ̫̫ʲôˡӴԷĸо
-

905 

̾˿ҴĸǸˡ
Ļִ̫̫棬ʱ򲻽Ҳ棬Ҫ˵ʲô⣬Ҳǲŵġ
ڶһ磬̷ϴأ̷ʹ绰
ʲô£̷ȴڵ绰ʵôû¶棿
̷һ漴С£ӦҲµòʲôӡ˵Ѿܶ겻ڹϳˡ
̷һ㶣˵еĲμӶӵĻģתһǮ˼ңƽղһѻ˻ȥתʵؼദΣ
С̷ЦеĺദȵǸø磬һӵʲôˡ
ں桭˵ʲôˡ
ǲ̫ϲҪ˺ˡ
ǱƫǨ͵öˣֻ֡ҪƫԼ;òƽˡ
ˣ˵໵ڣϲġ
Ů˵ɣ̷һҪǾôҲû£Ҳõסǣ͵ݴҪ¼ƽϡ
̷εͷ׵ġ裬𣿡Ҳ֤֪֮ķʵȵģǰǧİײ˼Ҳġû˵ƣYеķˣϸĸĻ׸ܳǧʣµĴ׾ܻ塣ȴ͵͵¸߰裬ʱȺá
ˡ̷̵֤ѾˣүҲ£СȥϷӸˣB˷ӲŻߡùãǱҲ飬ùôµķʱٵBСӡùõĶҲBˣ̸λȥȥ˾ġ
Сأ̷ʵ
̸ȹⷿסСˣһ̷˵
һͨ绰ĶǺϢ̷εֱܸˡ
̷һ¥ˣ̷δӷʱȴ˺档
硣̷κЦò
һҪкɣſһʱ벻ôƺȷӦҪжԷõʱ򣬶ԷѾߵ¥ˡ
ˣô˯᣿ϷԭָӶ˻תͷ̷ΣʱЦˡ
Цݲȴ͸żźС
̷̡Цŵ̳緹𣿡
ˣʹˣѵҲ硣Ϸ˻ش
̷߹ȥ˳ָһ裬ȻЩϧұ̳ҵء»ϱζҪһµġ
Ϸ˵Ժ»ǡ
ﻹǺܸ˵ģ˵ôϰ˹СȴѾܾû˷߶ˡ
̷βǸϲ˵Ư˵ģȻ˵˾ͻ磬һһϺʡ
һƬ⣬ԭѳԶҪһ֮£ζǲ
һٷĲ˶ʣˣˡ
ԹүͺһȥˣҲطϢˣǺϷЩԥؿڵĸǱߣҪҪȥһ棿
ᶼģͲϱһӶҪȥأֲʵԼˡ
ԽѩǸӣ϶ûܺ׽
̷һ㶣Ȼȵȵġ
ȵһӾˣǾȥɡ
˵ţվ̾ߡ
Ϸ˶ˣߵſڣʵǻ𣿡
ҪġͷҲؾ͵
ԣϷ̾Цˡ
ѩסСģλƵƫƧȥ·ϣһɽһûЦ
˵ط岽һʮһڵ̷ζˣϵıˡ
ԥǽѩδΪϣֶӶĸһûС
ѩȻסƫƧʵòʮӶ˾ͷһˣûĶǺȵǮ
˵ʵһۿѩʱ̷ζˡ
û뵽һֵܹز
ѩƤܺãְϸ壬ȻҲΪˣٳеü䡭ɲ
۾ûʲô⣬Ȼ󣬵ͫȴϺÿӲ󣬵ЩխˣͷЩ⣬СɵΣҲûʲô⡣
Ȼһȴ˼Ƥˡ
ϾȻ˳
䣬ѩһͷںľİ͹£⿴ӰǸˣȻȴ˸оӰӾе֣żַ˵졣
ҪĻ̷ֻðһ֡顣
-

906 ²

̷ξǽѩȵĿ⡣
ǿ϶һĸ׿ӵĿ⣬ȻҲǿ˵Ŀ⡣ô˵أͷ·ڽѩȸͲˣ
ġа
Ҳˣ̷ζŮȴǽвģ˵裬ĸ׶в
Ůˡ
ʲôѩƤ˺һ۵
ȵҽˣӴ㿴һۡ
ʱѩĿ䵽̷ϣżӵʲôÿģ۹ô
̷εҲĿʵʵؿǰ˼Ůˡ˵Ѿ׹˵
ѩüͻȻŭ˭ôҵģ
̷üתͷȣо񲡣
һشһǰŮˣȻܰɡ
˶٣Ѿˣ߰ɡ
ΪԼŮˣӦûᱧԹһЩʲôģȻ棬ŶԷ˫˿û۾
ͻȻ;ûˣŮĸףȻҲ˶ˡ
̷Ҳط
ȥ·ϣȰؿ̷ȴͻȻڵǰһɱ˷
ȱһһֱӲɲ
ôͻȻ˵
̷οڵǴ⣬Ǹɱ˷ԼαװؤȺУûܿסԼٴη̾һץס
˼ЩƮԶ̾򶷵ʱǽӵѧУʱһϳУѧУյ֪ͨΰѽҵĴŶˣԼҲµɪɪȴҪŬǡ
ǳţ»ĹϵǻȻ£Ҳ棬ɱ˷ʲôӵġ
ǻѧУĴ¥ų̂ǿģתͷܿ档ҲɺϣǸɱ˷ҪŴ¥Ȼˮϡ
֪뵽ʲôͻȻЦˣʱ˶Ҳ֪Ϊʲôô󵨣ͰѴ̽ͷȥǻǸɱ˷һֻѾȵϣ̽ͷݺݵصһۡǾûסôģ
úסˣôģ
̷νһЦҲûץƤľߺ˹ȥûзιȥˤ̳ŵ̾ץ˸š
Ϊ⣬Ľء
ȸո˿̷μǻҾǸɱ˷Ҳ׵ľ룬Ұӿ˸һȻɣǡ
ԥ˵Լʵ룺ҾȽѩҪÿ
˼ǣȺ֪Ҫ˵¡
̷εȷѩ˵Ľֻʹ磿Ǹɱ˷ɱĸˡ᲻ᡭ㸸Ҳģ
һһŵܣҸ׵ǳȫ⡭
˵ȴǲȷˡ
׵
ֻһɺӹͷ˳
ѩĻ½ֻЩ𣿻᲻ǲ֪ĵط˸Ӳ飿
ϸ䵱飬Ȼ֪ЩҲֻǴӳ֪ģʱ꣬ܶҲ鲻ˡ
̷ѵصһ½ѩЩòı仯̡
Ƚȴһɴݵ֪ˡ
β²ôĸףҲ
ȥһСʱͻˣϷͺˡ
ιԵˮϸģءк̷ιȥˮݮժģ˵ʲôƷ֣϶ûеģϽ
˰£ɳϡ
̷źϷ˳һˮǺȣͷβͣһˮҲû
Ϸ˵ǲΪ⣬⺢ӸͷһͲЩ߲˹ӣͰ⣬ֻ̿ڵģĶͷҲʹˣҽ߶ˣųԵص
ʲôʱȥ£Ϸ˿ʵ
ϵķɻ̷λش
ϷЩʧ䣬ôϰڼסء
ҲûȰֻ˵һЩע
ϣ̷ϴͿȱŵڲϡ
һʼΪǺ͹йصģŷֲǣȻڲһЩﷸƬ
̷ҲȤͿһ鿴
˵Ȥģ֪Щﷸòÿ˲ŷֲÿǷǳɫġ
һǿŮɷƬԷ۾ر󣬶͹ˣо۾ɫͫʣ˵ĸо͵ġһթƭȥһֻǡ
̷οֲ֧һԵĺȴ˼
-

907 

̷ϰ˯һͿں˯ˡ
ȵλã˯һЩԼȴǼЩϡ
ؿЩһﷸ
Ȼͷ֣һﷸŮԡ
ӯʱƤò󣬱תΪĳĳĹˣƭʮλŮ˳ñȽ񣬵ͽѩǲ̫һġ
ȷһϵֺۣܶ˶˵ˣʱƤı֮Ϊ𱡣
Ůﷸ˷ӣ޺òЩĸ׵ΣȻٳ䲻ߡȵòתսĻ󣬵нˡΪαװǳǿĶϱΪ߲Ǹץסβ͡λ̫̫Ҳ񣬵ҲͽѩһñȽǡ
ȷϣҵ𷡣񱻳֮Ϊƭ˵

֮󣬺вοﷸ࣬Ժһء
ѩ
ӣ
Щ𣬸оѩҪСһЩôء
ô˵ǸĿģ
ַ˰죬ҵ˺ͽѩΪ
娛
˵񣬾뵽һʣռȵ
ŵѩϣƺ˵ͨϾ뺦棬ӦҲǴԼӼ̳кؼҵͷġ
Ȼƺ˵̫ͨ
ֻǵϷѾǼˡ
µǵĲ²⣬Ǽ٣ʱˡ
ҲĲˣһȥʱòʹ죬βˡ
ȶеİŷǳģһϰĶһ飬ľ֮ˡ
Ϊѵ֣ʲôûƣ̷μˡ
ÿԳԺȺȣʱμɶԣҪʱװϴ磬˽յĺʽֳ⿡
˻ȥιѩɽϵճ˼Ұѩ
ȥĵط࣬ǴĶҲ٣ŵװ߰˸
֮Ȼ԰úϢһϡ
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ԼյòУȴû£ʱҲˡ
Ȼ˵ģлæʱҲȷʵǽַȥˡ
½֮ǾͿʼ־۲͡
ߵļ˶һ˶ٷ֮⣬ȵĺѣ̷εĺѣ£ǽָꡣ
˵ϻˣЩϵ׽ģҪʽһµġ
߻꣬ͷĹ˲٣ǵҪġ̷Σκ決Ͳˣպȵ˵ȵʽ㹻ˣٿһƷ꣬ʱΪֻһ¾ͳˡ
֮⣬桢ӡ̶֡͹ЩˮĶѾʳƷʼˡ
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̷ʳƷĲƷһʼֻۣڱˣһЩСһΪɹ̷ְֲۣſʼֽӴЩС
̷˵ô᲻̷ְֳȥ˵ģ̷ְȴԸĻᣬܶȣ˺üϵ̷ʳƷ˴еĻϡ
̷β֪ǴоȻٳϼµġҲ֪ǲǿĹϵǱ߲Ըġ
һߣү˵¡
˻㱨λ׼ҹ˲ۼĹϵȴûãǸ̤ʵصġ޵
Ϊȼ̷ֲίҽǰûһ棬Ҫ˵ûƭ˵ġ
һҡ
̷ְײȥ̽һ£˸ҸͲһ·ˡ
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̷ϵʳҲˣǹصģϼ죬ԾˡȻ˺˼һûռǱˡ
ү΢ɲ˿Ȼô˵ˣҾͷˡ
Ҫҿ̷ʳƷ˵ûһ֧Ǳɣǰʱ̳ԷԷĶӣҪ̷տֳСүжģ̷տζȥ˶٣Ц˵̷ʳƷķӶֶϱ֣֮ȵ۹Ȼ
-

908 İ컵

һգ۵Ĺ̷ʳƷͷȫˡ
Ȼʵϸо̷ܷ֣ʳƷܻ𣬹ȻǱζӲ飬ĻΪλȶȷ͵ô졣
Ǵ򿪵ӡԣ̷ֻʳƷĹ档սĿȾһǼ𱬵ӰIPҲвһţеС̷ʳƷĴˡ
һѾͻ˽ʮڡ
̷λãǮﶼģ̷ְ֣ôǮˮһȥĸζǲġ
ֻŮȰҲǷˡˣľŬչҵ
ڹĵ˵飬ҲæýŲմء
ںȣżսĿںߺãѾʼ̷ʳƷˡ
̷붬ʱԼеģ²ͷһأеģҪ˵˷ûС
ƽƽط΢Ÿ˺ȣԷȴǸ˻ˣʹӹ˾˻һҽԺ˼ҽˡ
ԵģȻص԰ŷֺϷˡ
һ̷ΣϷ۾ˣĿε䵽ϣϴ˵ˣģ
̷ε˵ͷǺֵô֪
ʻļҽԺĲƺõ𣿡Ϸ˵кһܳȥȻҪһ£شȻͲµˡ
¶Ȼ
Ϸ̷Σûﲻʼ˯ö಻ࣿûʲôԵģҽ˵Ԥʲôʱ򣿡
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ʮһ·ݰͦãǲ䲻ȵʱҲܡ˵пյů׻ȻϷ˵ȻûпʼﷴӦҲ˵ԺͲﷴӦҪǲ͸ϽҡаκæҲԵһ㡣
˼һƬ⣬̷ûоֻܾǲ˼ԹκգҰҪҪǳԲþҵˡ
û¡Ϸ˵κãͽҲʦˣҡ
˵̷αû˵ʲô
ιϷ˲ǿģĸʹֻһͰ㣬ˮʲôӦоС
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ѩ
̷һ㶣ʲô𣿡
˵㻳ˣѩʵ
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ʵһɻ󡣡̷ĶѾСˣɳһ߰ӳһʰ磬⣿
ʲôһ
̷εҲ֪ģΪֹȥǿҪ֣硭ȻЩٵǣôҪ˰
˶٣ѵϸһҲڹȥʱΣ
Ȼǡҡͷ⡭³ϡ
ʲô˼̷β⡣
ǹһĨ˽İ˽ĻС
𣿡̷ü˵ĹЩɶˣҲһЩ̫ƽĹ򣬵ûʲôⰡ
ôûСƲƲĴڣ;ӦûиġȻԣϲˣϲ¡㣬ϵǾԵ𣿡
̷ҡͷȻǡ
ҡòڣǮͨǮҲòڡ˵ܹƽʵƽİ
̷㶵ʱкİ컵µġ
-

909 

̷ζɵˣɴ۾Ű㡭ʲô˼
Ц˼ȥһϣɲﷸݳªġ
۾ûн࣬ΪˣޱģȥΪ¡
ڹ¶Ժʱչǵһ˵һ¡һҸٸһӣȶʱٴλһŮȻĶȴôӳж˳ȥ䱻ˡ
̷۾ԲˣǸСк֮ΪóǰߵǲضŪ˵óϲòϲˡ
кõʱĳԲɱˣǡϣǰһϲ
кЩˣкǶûж⡣ҲˣŮӤûκ˱ֻˡǸٸˣɱˡ
̷λĺëˡ
Ȼƺµ飬ЦӦòرټ
磬˵ǲ£˵ǲܻŶ¡֮
ߺЦ׵ġ
̷һ񺮣λһڵԣһһֱȥ£
һǸˡ˵ɫĬһЦ
̷̲סԼϵļƤ񣬡ԣνġ֮˻ò֮˻òҲΪ
˴Ĵָ
̷ȴһ㶼˲
¡
Ͼ˺ȵıʼǱ鲻֪֮ŷ֡
׶񼫵ɱ˷ץʱֻʮꡣʱУŮɱ˽ʮһŮ֮ͯԾһֱûץԭòʼӢ⡣רоľڳˣĹУӲԼɱˣҲԼ¡
ΪЩŮͯǿ¿ģǴȥеĻͽѡ
ھУֱǸʥˡ
ž£ݿһʱĽڵʱ˶Ķ֣еùȫҶ͵ˡȻֱץžҲһãСһݡ
˴ӲԼΪڷΪԼеͷЩѹ֬ļ̸ΪЩ˻ЩմŰѪĲ֮ƣ罫֮ԼǰĴ߹֮ˡ
ѼѣΪ˾ԼŮǿû𳵸ĵ޹ÿ͡ŮΪ޴ҲΪӲԼΪẦˡˣΪȫѺʱòû˿仯

һһ̷ֻëȻ
ϣں˵ĹԼں˵ġ
Ļǻǡ͸ˡ
Ψһֵðοǣϵ˴ģ֪Լ»ںˡ
Щİ컵µģɵӰҲޡ
̷һʱỹû뵽Ҫô飬ֻȷˡ
ԤȻʮһ£̷ʱѾǿҪʮˡúõĹϵȻͷ̥ûϰʱ䣬Ӿˡ
Ů̥ëƤͨ죬۾ûֻߣӦòǸ۾СģӺͻôó
̷δӲʱһӳ˺涼ˣүӺͺϷ˿żĵĴϵЦڶڲס
Ӥճǻһϵеļģǳ̣Ȼ
ҽĻһӶˡ
ҽ˵⺢RhѪһš
үӺͺϷ˵ɫҲˡ
ȸ̷ζһۣһʱʲô
RhѪ̷Сʵ
ҡͷҲǡ
Ҳǰ̷ⱲӾǺͨAѪ
ѲɣӵRhѪǽѩ
ĻѹλɫÿˡˣҲûϵѩȻϲҲΪͬѪ;ȥǨŭԼŮ
ȴ漸ɫ԰׵ؿүӣʵ֣ǺؼRhѪ𣿡
ϷҲһ˲˲ؿүӡ
ûСүɫѿû˵
δ䣬ȴϷ˺Ԥ׵˹ȥ
æȥסԭҲȥæȻһԵĺүҲ岻ʣ·վȰסһԵĴ
游Щ⡣
󺰵ҽҽϽεˣ
һĹһȺҽԱ˽źϷ˳ȥˣүӲĵҪȥ̷ֻһչ˺ԼȻһȥˡ
Сʱ󣬺һ㱵˻̷ε˵RhѪ
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910 

̷ζˣʲô˼
Ҳȴǰ춼û˵
è̫ӣ̷üʵ
Ҳ֪Щ˭֪ôһ£
ԼǴ󲮶ӶǸ׵Ķӡ
ֻҪһ뵽ܣȾ;иұ˼ޣ·һͻѿĴ⸱ķˡ
ֺȵĶͷ̷ȥѹǶʮǰԺؼҵļҲô׻İɣ
ҡͷĸ˵Ҵ岻Ǻܺãеʱоϵ£ʵڼֲסŲòݼڼҡֻǵʱǸо벻оʱʹ绰ˣϢáǸʱ򣬽ѩһȥɢɢģ˵ͬˡ
˶٣Ǹʱûֻֻй̶绰B³˴ίǶҸûе绰ֻܰ
ǻ󲮺æҲΪҵ鱼ռ˼Ǵôסһ£ȺӰ˾ͻȥģǻٳϼų˵£иûлȥ
˭Ҳû뵽ǣͽѩȥǸӷʯ߰˸ٲиˣͽѩǱŵĹϵҲˡ
˵ȳģѲҹŰѩԱ߰ţȴ꣬Ҳŷҡ
ʱǴʯֵúܴ󣬴ӱˣ˾ԮԱ˲롣󲮺͸Ϣֻżȴʲô취ûС
ʱԮôȫ棬ﻹнѩĲû취úӣֻܸȺһסԽԽ˥Ϳʼˮײ
º˿Խӵʱ򣬴Ѿ֮ˣûۡ
ʱ˶ûж룬ֻΪԭѲһ࣬ȥġǴ󲮲ԸɣӲ˸ʬ졣
ʱ򣬴󲮲¼ַȴû뵽ʬȻļ⡣ҽڴѪҺмһɷ֡Сʵ֮󣬷ɷֻƻδ̥кܴ»ܡ
Ǹʱ򣬽ѩѾˣΪʯˣͻʣȥעСϸڡ
µ׻סɷֵҩǵʱûеģѩиͬ㣬ԷպǴӹġͽѩס·ӣʵǸͬҵϷӡ
˶٣ǳɺϵǣѩǸͬǳʯС
̷ͷǣô
û뵽ԼȻһȥҽѩ
ڶԷûµǰ¡
԰˵𣿡ǰĿȫǵŮˣһʵѾȵѪҺ͵˼DNA֮ܳǰϣ˵һ˵
ǵãܵܵմѩʱǻһľŮЦʱһСѣԸֵС
ʵϣһҵŮǿˣĸ׸ϲĻǽѩġ
𡭡ѩŴ⣬Ԥ׵شۿ
һֱںһ쵽
ȻĵʱԼȻֻýѡ
¶ˣµĺȣҸԵĶӡ
˵仰ʱ򣬺ֻȫʧˡ
ΪʲôΪʲôҪ飿ûʲô壬ˡ
ΪʲôȻΪ㺦˰ˡѩ۵ʳľĶ⣬ֻˣΪʲôҪ
ǺЦڵıЦرЦ񵱳ұ㱳ѵʱһ
üͷ΢壬˵ǽѩ񣿡
ѩ鸴ӵҴ꣬ΪҵʱѲĹϵܲϲңְĻСǽչңҴŸͳ󡣡
ҶԣȻǽ㣬ʵû𡣡
һ£Ȼ˽һ
ʮ꣬и˽㣬ʼ׷㡣ǽ㡭̫ϲΪý޸Ǹ˿ʼֺңֺнˡȻ˶ãԾɲϲǽһӷǳˣ޷Ӽ˵
ʱʵЩԥģΪҿǸ˺Ůһ𣬵ǶԷǮûµȹӡ
ԽѯʣһǸͽһĴ𰸣Ҿ޸Ǹ˻Ҹ
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911 

һ˼ؿŽѩôã
ѩ°͵㲻ǮһöϣܹǮ򵽵ġ
һҲΪǮüʵ
ȻǡѩЦΪǣҲ׹ԼԽǶô˺
ǸˣӹһΪ½ܹһమˣҸˣǡ
˵£㶼֪˰֪ۿŮ˳֪Ϊһȹƭ
ҽȥ£ϵסһʱɢɢģʵҪҰ
Ųţʱҽ᰺һȥǳںġ˶٣ѩȻʱҲЩӣԲһ˺һȥ㡣
û뵽ҩҩװ׵ظҡһ߿һ߸ңȥ˹֮󣬽򲻵˺ܶˣЩ۸ΣһζûѺȵ֮ѾʧȥˡΪЩ˸µҩƻ߰˰ˣûмûˡ
ңѾٻҸˡ˴ӽǶ̳еĲƲѾһˡңҰǸӣôµػҸԼĺӣ
ѩסԼ۾ˮȴӿ¡
֮󣬽ͻָƽһ΢ҷǳġҪҽ鿴һ¸̥ҲǳǮһ㶼ûк
ҵǣҽһ֮˵ҶĺӲǻΣֻܻе⡣
ԼôԼĺӣôԼĺӳڳأ
ͶҲҩɫ
ԣҶҩѩͬǺؼҵĺӣǶȫǹžͲƫˡ
ĿſգԶǵãԼʽҪҩʱ򣬶Էشһ˵ȻǸġ
û뵽ȳȻǽġͬǱҩҩЧõ˺ϣǱߣҩЧȴõ˴ϡ
ǸʱҾ⣬Ѿˡ漴㲻ȫҵĺӣ˶ϲĸ׵Ҳһֱƫ˭뵽
ͻȻݺݵؿҵģ㲻ָʬ죬㲻ѰԺҾԲ뵽ӵ
˭Ƕʱֻȥᰵ򣬸Ķ࿴Լһأ
ͬҵ·ݵǱᰴ˰£ȻಡſɱҪ׳һЩˣ˵ȴ˭ỳɡ
ѾΪʧȥ˽ȫ壬Ҳʧȥ谮͵λг󡣡
ӽѩļгŲĵġ
뵽˺ܶ顣
¼ǳĸ̼壬ҲСȰԴƫƫ˵Ķӣƽӹʳڡ
Լôûлɹأ
ӡԼҲãҲã˵ضܿǰƽϵˡ
ԼôֻΪǴСӴԲûܲԼĶأ
󣬷ȣ⣬ȻǺѧȴʦʡĵѧСӿδܶӣʢĺĺ;ﲻԼᰣ
ഺʱǹģȣഺƫСһ㶼Ϊ⣬쿾ϳ嵭ġ
Լഺڲ𣿷ǵܵܰԣഺһֱǸɸɾġ
ǻȴֻΪûഺΪһֱԵ嵭͵Ĺϵ
ȳһϰɶŹһȣʱϴҩ˵Լס
ǹӾǿǸһģһ
ǵոȥоʵϰʦѼϣߵŶݣȴûһ˫ŶˣҲûһᡣ

һĻһĻʵܶ£֮ǰˣԼһٶغˡ
ôһ·һ·ᣬ漸һӵˮ˸
ȺүӺͺϷ˿Ĵӵʱ򣬶סЩϡ
ϴ󡭡үɫˣ
ҡҡͷҪ촫Ҹոաȥ˽ѩ
Ϸץŵؿźʵô˵ȡ桭
һ˵ʵǵDNAɡ˶٣¼ǱߣҲҪ֪ͨһ¡
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912 ɢ

һڲ㴲Ȼ̷ȴһ϶û˯á
ڹŮҹҪҪֽƬҲвˣҲú˼롣
һʱ򣬿ŵǱҪöˣȻ´źȦ۾ȴһ͸ˡ
ҲǣԼӦñѩôһڣҪ˵һ㸺ûǲܵġ
񡭡ȻѾ޷أˡ
ٵʱ򣬺ͶϻˣǲֹԼˣĸ͸ŵˡô˵е㲻̫ȷ곤Ǹʮͷˡ
΢΢ü̷С¼ҵġ
̷ȻȺͺĶԵˣĸˣӦľ˾ˡ
ɽԺӡԷ硢ԽʦֵǹҿԺԺʿһǹҲݵĹݳΪֵͬܣ¼Ľܡ
ѾʱǨѲǵķ绪ïڣһ˵ҲֻĴָķݡ
¼㣬ȴҪֵܿʼ
һ֪Ĳ࣬Ȼͬʱˣ˵¼ĽȴѲ뵽ʱ¼Ψһǧᰡ
ǻţĳɾͲκһֵܡ
ʶ˶ͬһ¡
ʱ¼ĽܵĿⶼ䵽˺ϣмиӣת򶼱˷ߺŭ
ɫ̫ã뵽ĸСӵķӦڡҪ֪ôӣͲˡ
ĸͼλɩӽء
Ҳͷˣ˳겻ǴоڿſᣬĹĵò࣬Ƕ׶׹ŮޣҪ˵ˡ
°ǽԼѵһ٣ûЧ
Ǽˣ˵ʲô˵ɡ̾˿
ɽЩǰһֱû׽̾˿鶼ˣ۲˵ǰֻ˵ԺᰵĺӣǾԼˣԺʲô£ÿ
һ¼˷׷׵ͷ
ԽԸҪºͷȤһЩĺȵļпջȥһţ˵ġ
¼ҵ˶Ṇ̵̀ĮǼǶżˣҲ顣
ͷ·𣬹ѾռǴġ
ȵĿ䵽ϣǴżʵ󲮣ʲô
¼˵̬ȲøˣǵãԼʮ껹ʮʱԼԼȤʼѧϰCԣǻⷽ鲻ңҪôѱ棬ҪôǵôӺⶩһһҪʱ̫ˡǻ٣Ҳ࣬˵¼ҵĲǳḻͰкȥ輸
Ϊ˵¼ҷ䣬ԴŽ˲ġ
ʱ򣬺һȻؿβǺ֧֧ҿڡ
ʱĴƲǼ飬㵱ôͿ˿ˣ
ȵϾضˣ£Ż㱺⻰˼
ʱ飬ǷֲǾ軹߽С
ԼСסںլһУмԼҪܳȥģᰵļգ¼͵ʱ
ǵһΣʮʱ򣬸ͬѧһȥӾе㷢ȣ񽬺һڶ˯˱ܳȥȻһСľ͸¼ˡ
¼ҵļ˵ƺһ£ȻµԼݣɫһӱ
ʱԼΰǳӶҪҩģ仰ûü˵Ӷ˼ææ˷䡣
ͷ·Լʲô˵ණҪϽҪ˿
󲮣ֻıһ£ǰһֱΪֶӣʵǶӵĺӣDNAˣݵˣҵĶӣǽѩĶӡ
ԣȵɫƽˣ
ıƽ죬ǲ֪ôӦ
һԣԴ򿴵ȣϷ˵ûͣҪ죬ȴǲ֪˵ʲô
ǺүӣҲǱͷһȦһֻ࣬ȴɬס
һλνǲɢ˶ˣ̷ץźȵְο𲻸ˣǱǷ㣬ֲǷˡ
Щۣڲߣס̷εſȥЩʱ಻ʵѾҪˡ
̷βÿɷ
ã鵽Բǽ
һߣӲĺϷ̧ͷУʲѩ
үѵø͵ôôɡ
̫Ѩҵȥһ¼ңĸȺĻڣҲ°һ¡
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913 ҧг

¼һصԼˣһһ̸̵ͣǳģǼҵϱȴ෴ϵϷˣµλ̫̫һ˾ⶼٳֵ˳˳
˵ģŵңֵܶʮˣȢϱ˺ӣҪסһ飬˵ɹҲԶˡ
¼ңȴͺû˿һЦ
Ϸ˱Ŵ䣬ʱӾͽСʹˣͷȻֻĵ
ү磬¼һŮŴġҪ˵۰ģȻǹŮˡϡΪ󣬶ĸŮֻһǺȻͽˡ
ߣĸӶǵһУֻѧϰֻйٺöòǮ֮رŮ̳ĺӣҲǻѵڶ
ܲϲ
Ů۹һãҵŮҲ⡣ŮˣԼԿʼ帣ˣ˭뵽޳úõģŮ£Ͷء
ŮһŴİͱˣϲϲֵ̫̫֮󶼲ˣţҲ˶ϱд
ȥһӣŴҪ˵ƭ˵ģȻ֪ΪʲôǺӾϲ
ҲԭֻܹΪǹŮΪӶԼŶ׽
ֻŴҲģ֪ԼǨŭԺӲã֮󣬱㲻ôǺӣҲֻǿͿģֻ˽½ϱǶǺӺһ㡣
ϱģиԸ񣬵ȴĺúӡ
ҹ˯òȣüεŮȴʲôǵˡ
ŴͣҪ˵һҲǲܵģⲻ;ùŮǲʲôĵҪҸµʲôĸ֧ǩ
ĥʲôʱأĸùһˡ
Ŵϡˣ˻ǵˣĸһǺ޲óסоһܻһѾˡ
ֻԽĳӵ裬ˡ
ʲô£Ŵ䲻ΪСɵʵҵñˣС͵͵ѼĳˣСְ˭Ļ䵱Ǯоˣ
˵¼ңÿһĵж࣬ĻػضôЩ
ֵĸ⻰ˡ
󣬻ϴɽڵ裬˸ŮRhѪ÷ͺѪҺȥDNA⣬ӱˡȲõĺӣǽѩĶӡ
˵ʲôŴ͵վ
ɫĸӵƽ޹ʵģôŪˣᰵĺӱǸѩһǸѩģ
Ҿ˵ˣôһҲ׽ԭԼĽᣬ
ǸͲҹŮ֣
¼ᶼˣԼףֱ˵״̬ⶼûпˣ
ʱ̫̫۾ˢؿ˹֪ѩס𣿡

ֵܷ׷׿ǡ
ŴҲӦˣ£ĸɵʲôá
ϴϱ϶ϱϱϱڼ𣿡ſھͺ
¼ҵݲС̫̫ɤҲСһĹ´̫̫̫̫˹
ôˣ´̫̫Щͷ˻İˣ
¼ֵܳ⣬ĸϱ̫̫øĸŮһˡ
̫̫Ѿ̫̫ˣɶ¾˵Ҳ¡
Ŵذһ˵ȻʵǽѩסĶ֪𣿡
ԣ´̫̫̫̫ɫѿ
ںȣӡǲǳһΪǳ֮ӣǺȷʵ޷ӡ
ֻһֱǶŷҵɷͬ顣
ȵòǵ͡
ֻǾ
񶾵ŮµĺӣƾʲôСӵĺӸ㣿ٳϼ̳еģƾʲôǸ֣
ȻȴǣʵȲСӵĶӣǵһŵĺʵǽѩĶӡ
˵Ť
һԶŴ䲻һЩ洦˸飬ȻΪˣ뵽Ӧġ
֪ѩסĶ̫̫ɴ
һ´̫̫û⣬ŴҲû⣬ֵһ㵣·ʣô֪
̫̫˸ۣѩסڽ壬ӻǺġ
ŴˣҵĹȸó
Ҫɽ¶֡
ǸˣŴҧгݵ
-

914 ʧȥ

ѩһû˯ڴߣĻ԰Ӽž԰дæµ
Ӷ˼ҪҪҪͣͬһһӰ׻ǵӵˡ
ңǲ׽ģһѩͲƽ׽˵Ը񣬶ҲûԸӽ
˵䲻ģĹǱ𴦵һ屶Ĳǻжأֻ⹤ʵ̫ѹˡ
ۼſˣӶӲͷƤǰʵ̫̫𣿡
ǳ԰ɡѩͷҲؾ͵
Ӷɴ⣬˵ˡ
ѩ˵ʲôζھǵȴеͽȻҪ˵£һ㶼ûС
ԼǼġ
ʯԼҪһʯģǽ㽫ƿԼ˵
ίʵû뵽ں֮󣬽
棬µʵҲر
ع֮һЩ飬ǶϺǻ谮ųġ£˵ûоûеġ
ߣҲǺؼҵѪ϶԰Ե۰ȶԺ١ԼʼûиôദǺӶԼҲûʲô飬ԼᣬԶ϶ԣӦһ¡
ٳϼţȵʵ̫ǿˣ಻¶涼û̳У˵ˡǸ壬ɷݶֻΣܻžѾˡ
ѩ˺ܶ࣬ʼվʲôطԼ©ˡ
һֱŶȻ׹
ȴԭԼʵʧȥǸˡԼô࣬˵ʧܣǡʵԼʧȥǸ˰
ĿӷﴫʱӶǶһȴ˭ǰȥҡ
ŴĸϱʱѾûˡ
ĸӱҲǱ̫̫סˣɲӹϺȡӣԸӶˣ
һȺ˴ӵ³̫̫һȺӶ˶ˡ
̫̫˭һӶǰСĵʵ
Ŵûش𣬸ɴذƿһߣһѩѩҳ
̫̫һȡɱСȣʮٵʱС͵ȻŴȽòⶫʱСӳһͨǺͷȵãľʵģһ˿ľĹȣŲ֣ȴᣬ̫̫˿˳ˡ
ˡڵϣһһ٣ǷǳнС
İԼ֣ѩһ㶣ΪǺϷˣܿϷ˵ûôʮ㡣
˭˭ģվ¥ݿڣ¥Сİ̫̫ѩüͷ˽լұĻ͸Ͻҳȥ
ʵѩŴ䣬ֻһʱ꣬ŴԴŮ࣬һʱ֮ûϳԷ
ѩϲŴ䣬Ŵ俴ѩ͸Ǿˡ
Ҫ֪꿴Ļһٸء
̫̫תһҲһģʲô׵ģ
˭ûԤϵŴͻȻĹҳȥѩһҲûͱ˹ȥ
ˡء
¼ĸϱ̲סۡ
裬˰ɣ¶̫̫ЩСʵ
Ҳ׬ˣŴಾ¥ݣҲһߵϵĹȾͶŵڵϵĽѩȥ
ɱǧĶĸεĶһó㺦ҹŮˣ֪ܵػϡ
˶ûӦŴѾʮ´ȥˡзִ磬Ҳ˵ҪʹѽѩѲ˵Ҳѱ˸ŵˡ
裬𼱣۵ˡ̫̫հᷴӦæǰҪ
ãŴЦող˵ҪҵҪôһҹûվǰȥ
ҷǿʮˣô
ǡʱѩ̧ۿŴЦΪԼɥ飬ôͲ룬ҹŮҲģ
㵹ǿģ᲻
һ˵ţеĹȺشȥ
ѩʱܹƤ֮ʹʼΪţʵ̲סˣһҽдӿз
ŴȴԾòں
̫̫׼æȥѴıӴӳ˳ߵߵ͵ŴС
Сһ㣬˵Լ
Ŵӹӱһ˦žžžĴ졣
˵Լ
-

915 

˵ŴǵصصɹˣŴҲǺȡġ֮Ի޸үӣΪүܵɹʿ죬¼ҵƤһ򶼲Ŵ䵱ʱһ۱㿴
ɹŹŤģˣٴ֪ûмҲûжȻǶ˵ȥ׷ˡ
ŴʱҲǲԭһ仨ĽСƫƫУһˣñƯˣүӾͰư͵شˡ
BУŴҲٶˡٶӣȴү֮Ϊ˽̺ĸӣ°ѱӸ˳
ˣԼܶ񰡣ҲǵƤˣ˸ˡ
Žѩ̫̫ûֹˣ˦ı޻ͬһζıβһ㶼ġ
ѩһʼܲҽУҽжˣֻڵϳ鴤
¼λ̫̫Ҳɵˣ֪Լû뵽̶ֳȡ
ѩᶼûˣһɢţ·ƲضµѪ
ôĶЩӶ˱ٺ£ҲǶֱ˾
ʱ˶ˣŴر򶨣ӷŵһԵĶϱУ˹һͷ죬Щڲˣʹˣǻᣬ˵Сʱǳϰ죬Ҳġ
ǿ̫̫Ҫ˴ˡһӶżæŵܽʮƷľ졣
ȻӶ˱ʱѾ˵ˣǽһǴסˡ
Ϊ˵ǿŵš
˭֣ʵվΪһλϾüͷһ壬ȵ
Ŵ䲻µģصڵϣҶ֣
Ͼ̧ͷһһλƤ׷̫̫ʱҭסˣżֲŵ̫̫ɱϹ˵Ƿ񣡡
ϹûϹ˵ؾ֪ˡŴᳰҲʹˣ˵һˣһٸҶܸʰˡ
Ͼ²òˣЩǮ˼ﶼװأΪĵǱģҪΪ˷Ӷ˳⡣
ֻǡ
̫̫ôˣбҪô󶯸λ𣿡˵̬Ӧһ㣬׶һ㣬Ͼ˵ӣÿǲᡣ
ֵᶼǹ˺ˡ
ǰ̫̫˵ʮˣҪһð˸Żˡɻ˳˳ɵء
Ȼ̫̫ʿű˶Ҫá
ôûҪŴݵ˺ҵĹŮԼĶӺҵˣ˺üʮĿ࣬£˸òô򣿡
µǲˡ
ʵϣͲưոݣҪѽѩϷֻͥǹ15%ĹɷݣŮȰ˵ȷʵ޵ҪôһĸףֶⱲӾĻˣǺӵ޹ֵܡУĥŽѩںؼҲϺӣҲĬ˺ؼҵĴ㡣
ڲһˣ
ѩ15%ĹɷѾȶȥˣԼװôί²ܾˣ
Ҳ˽ĲϢش
ҪִҪýѩܾ˵ȵõõõٹ⡣
ں棬õʲôҪʧȥʲôʮٳ裬ɲǰ׵õġ
ź޹ѾǺˡ
ϾˣΪԼ¾׵ģڿǣ
̫̫ǲʲô᣿Сʵ
ྯԱҲһɣǿӾ翴˰ɣ
᣿ŴЦһһץѩͷ¶˳
ǿ𣿡
ѩҪŤͷڳ˵׻ǿģ
Ͼһ˵ҲЩ참ˣκ˶ò˲һûǣѩ̶ȵò˵ûɱš
̫̫Ҫ𣿡Ͼ֣صʵ
Ŵͷ㶼ԥ͵ԣҪҪѩıɱҵŮᰣԼĶӺҵ
¼λ̫̫׷׶һ
Ϊ̫̫˴һ٣ٳһڶ˭뵽Ȼģ
û׷ڵ˵˵ѩʮǰǰֻҪţֻҪ˸Ǹôô
ѩ˶ˣһŵؿŴ䡣
ؼҺ¼ҲŹԼҪܵһЩĥȴû뵽ǻὫϷͥ
Լôԣǡô죿
У֪ԼĸףܣĺΪԼӡ
ؼأѵͲˣ
-

916 

ӵ绰ʱ˶ˡ
ѩ²ȷʵûֿǴ˽°ˡ
Ҵ֣ܵϾһ˵ȥŴˡ
衭ֱ̫̫֪˵ʲô
ŴһŮɶãǴʲôϰ˸첲
Ҹ㣬˵ʲôòҪǲýѩѣҾ͸գݺݵ
Ц裬Ҫ𣿶Խѩ˵ֻҪؼҲֻѹ
ܱѩķֻд֣ȻǵֶӣȻЩܵĿ࣬ҲЩǨŭǺӣǣݲĶǺ֡
ִˣҲȫȻĺô߳ȥָָͬζ
ȻбҪŴһĲ˵ᰵĶ;Բ䵽֪ǲȳԿǡҿɲԺ˵Ķ
¼ȻؼôǮЩ飬ȴǺؼұȲϵġ
ͷǰǿרңΪҿĿйǽͳһֽ֮ú಻ʤȻЩΪ˹ʲƲӯĿͷӶֵܷĹɷݣٵǧ֮һ֮һİٷ֮һ
ͷǰµЩɷŮһ˷20%
ȵΨһ̳ͷ²ˡǰæſʯͿ
һĿϷֵĹɷݣ͹һˡ
ĲƲĬǸĺӵġ
պؼҵĴ·²ṫӱࡪ߻Ὣ֮˵⡣
ЩȻ¡û뵽ֻЩֻС¡
ǡĸɣǸ˵ġ
裬ҪѩǶԷ϶Ҳ˺ġ뵽ĸ飬̲ס˳ǣȻôˡ
Ļû˵꣬ͱŴˣôˣΣҲû˸ҶҶ֡˵ˡ
Цѩϵ˿ſɲǹͷ඼鲻⣬˵׾ƤˣҶҲΣһ£Ҳ͹ˡ
ͷ鲻ʲô⣬ɲû⡣
뵱ϼҵʱ򣬸ʱͻְ֣ʱǶˣʱǶ
ֻܿƤˣҲҲһӱʹ档
³û˵ˡ
̷ñȽ˳ҽԺסͻȥˡڼȺ̷һֱţ̷ְҲʱ
ȵԺˣ̷ֱӾͰ˹ӡ
Ů̷κͺȡˣͽкسȡĺĺĳϣһԶǣǵ¿һӡ
Ǹܰĺӣƽʱ˱˶˵ʱƽʱǰڴϣһҪ˯ʮ߰˸Сʱ
̷趼˵⺢Ӻô˵Сʱһô
̷⻰ÿɷԼŮûпɱ֮ϾɲӤ
ԭǴ̷ӵģȻ̷ʳƷǱڷչ׶ΣȻȴ˺ܶ๤ͻ״⡣ߣؼҵڶûͣ
˵¼Ϸ˴˽ѩץ˾֣˳㷴ѽѩ֮˶סˡ
⡭̷գգ۾ҪҪȥһˣ
ȵͷҳ˷һˡʵϣûм¼Ϸˣ˵ҲټԷ
УλϷǸ಻
ȻȷԼȫ뵱Ȼˡ
ŴΪʹˣָŵǵ˵ľңȲ߽ȥ͵վ
һŲͣˡ
ȶԲԣŴ俴Ԥ׵
˵ȣԱߴľԱҲˡ
̫̫Դ̬һ㲻ǿӲͻȻȻ֡
Ȳ֪ʲôӦŴѾˣźúÿ㡣
żֳɣվǰŲդ
Ŵס֣һ˲˲ؿ۾ûûᰵ֣ҲŴ֡
̫̫ǸˣʱʼֻϲԼҵĺӣ˼ҵĺӣٻɰҲ
ǰ׽ֻԼǿƲסǨŭӣͲôһ¡
޵ϡﻩӵĴʱôͲһµأźһ㶼ϲôû뵽ǲҵء
ʵѾˣȻֱȣ̲ס˵˳
-

917 

ԲŲãŵҪǲڼﲻ㣬һ뵽ġŴĺڡ
ֻҪһۣԼֻҪһۣͲܲɡ
첻۰
뵽ϱ˵⺢ӵĻòͷǱ죬ԼôͲģȥǺأ
ȵЩӣ鷢üˣǣǰλĸΨһһ˵Բˡ
УԷҪʵСԷҲܺߣڲ֪¶Ŵȡ
ӹ۲۰游û˵Բ𣬶Įӵĸû˵ԲΪ׵ĺû˵Բ𡭡
Ҳֱʱ򣬺Ȳŷ֣Լʵһ㶼ġ
ܵʱ򣬳Ѿ޷ıʲôȻҪԲ
ԲǷġ
Ŵʧֻһʱģܿ죬Ͳᣬź¡
ҪǾﲻܣͰң֣ү̺ݺʹһ١ģû˻㣬Ҫ˹㣬ӸŴ˵ӺؼҰȥˣǺãԼסġϱŮʲôʱҿ¼ӲŮȻŮһûСǡܸίܣû£أҪǣ¼Ҿǰ绰ҰǸϳȥ˾ǣ˵ѾˣǼɵȱ㲻ҪǼƽϡƽʱɶõõǣҲҪǿǲܾġС
Ŵ京пȥ֧㣬ô궼ûܿһۣúܡ
뵽ϱ˵£ÿιŮգ⺢Ӷᱻ򷢳ȥʱ;̫Ĺˣѩѩ޹ģҲֶӣȥ֧Ҳǲԡ
ֻǻһ˼̶ۣûԼ·ȥۡ
ԼŮǱǧΣȴÿζֻܿһðƻô꾹ûܵĹǰȥһΣβᣬβߺޣ
ҲͺϷ˲ǰǵѪͷ
˵ˣȻ޶ԣ˵ᰣȴ⶯ݡ
汻飬ٶҪΣᰲͬ˵ǻѾڣ˵ΪŶԼҲнȫ塣
á˶٣ȵӣٴһЩҴһȥ衣
޽ٵسƺŮ裬Ŵʱ˵̫СȷʵȥĹ԰Ҫ˰ꡣǽгֺãžг
΢΢ЦЦԥµʵҪѩ沢ûз׷ҵģ˽ûԵȥҡǰܵõôǲŶͽУ֮󣬿µһľǽҡΪֺúؼңҹƻʹĥúؼ߳
ѩǸܵȫǱ軵ˣĸûʲô֡ƫƫѩŮҲ֪ȱǳ걻Ű˹¸Ħۺ֢Žˣͷεĺá
ȻҲƵеĹɷˡ
ͷţŴ仹ͦ˵ģĻһӱȥ
ɱѧҸ㣬²ô죬Ϊ˱ģΪԺΪ˳¶ܹϢ
Ǻ桭ȻԸϣȻǵಡ³ܲסĴ
䲻ϲ棬˵ʵûȥ
ǡŴЦѾǸˣЩռݣռĵλͳ谮ǹѣ;ܲˣûĵǷ㣬ûһֱίĵ
죬û˵ʲô
˵ԼѾˣѾҪ۰ǻͣȻ׻ǲʵġ
ƾʲô
ߺ֮ǰ¼λ̫̫ĵ߳Ŵʵ裬ô˵ûǰɣ
õŴԶϱãȴ̲ס飬ˣ߲ܺҪǣô
ǡǲǲ֪𣿡¶̫̫ӵص
֪Ͳ˺ˣŴ۾ҿǺӲǸģǺúõظǸĶǵġ
ϱǲ㷸ʲôǴϽȴǲôġ
Ǵǰʮ꣬û£д뱲ӵʱǲ
˵⻰ʱŴһûԼʮԾĲţΪҲû𣬰ȥȱʧ۰
-

918 

⼸Щ̷˸Ůүү̺ͰְֵķӦȴЩ̫ԡ
ѲŮ
ҡҡͷӦòᣬү̺ͰֶˡؼҼûŮŮҲֻи˵ķݡ˵ˣֲԺˡ
˯ǰţ̣Ҫ뿪ԥ¿ʵȵŮǲʲô⣿
Ӧ̫ԣΨһ뵽ľǺӿʲôë
һ㶣֪Ӧûаɡ
ü̫̫Ժ𣿡
Ժˡ˵ͳԺˡ
ûü
֮ǰ˵Ҫլӵġ
ҡҡͷȥ԰˵Ƕ̫̫ĸչӡ
ԣ۵͸ȻȷʵڵĻҲ̫չӡ
үүôûлüʵ
һµϷ˵ЩãѪѹָˣϷҽԺס졣
Ұأʡ
㿴һ۵æ˵¼Ϸ˰ѽŮʿˡ
ţ
һ㶣ֻҲ֪ʲϢˣ㽫˴ߣ룬ֲͨ˱ĵ绰
ʵ˸ѩǡܾЩΣԴһ¡
УҲͶ׹ͨˡ
氡绰ܿͱ𣬵ǲ֪ΪʲôñЩ֡
ܲ
մĸ֪˺ͺȱ˵£֪ȲԼױܣǺùõĽѩĶӡ
ֵ֪ܽôģԼ»ͦӦġ
Ⱥͺȴ꣬ʱ򣬹ùûûгޡСʱ򣬹ùûչһʵ飬ǹù̵ְֽġ
ʱ򣬱ֻᆪ½ѵԼ裬׵ԼһȸϲºرĵĹùá
ԺãĵܵÿΪ˵ĽǼȴǵġ
ڻرùá
ùöǺãǶԹùõĺӺá
ǣǻرˣ
ֱԲˣ
û⣬ʵ㣬˵Űѽѩˣô£Ե޹ʵģôʱ˴Ϲ˾ˣ
Ĭãȴǲʵ棬ö𣿡
һŵȻǶԵģѩ裬Ӧá
Ǻأõܡʵ
ȡĬһ룬ȻȻ޹ǡΪѩӵݣһҲ޹
һ㶼޹𡭡˼
֪Ϊʲôٿطͷð亹ʵ㣬ôˣô˵Īģ
ٴγĬ˺ܾãڵûǺȡ
ôܣĻЩĻŵ˵ʲô
ôǺȣ
ôǺȣ
ôнѩ񶾵ĸף
ͻأЦˣ㿪Ц
ף滹ûŪŴͻȻѩԭ˵绰͹ˡ
㣬ˣԣСһʵ
¼һСҲֵܽΨһһȺСˡ
ͬҲΨһһһֱˡ
ǺʲôֵˣֻֻҪѳ֣ĲĸһһţֵܽҲҪ
ƾʲô
ಡ

ಡҺòղصģ;Ӧø̣ڷϾ͵㣬ԿǷһ
Ҳ߯ˡ
ֽͱȺȴĹϵԾӦ
ȺСƽʱǸģ˺ǰ͵÷
Źˡ
ֻ˼ಡһٽǺٶ಻Ҳֳ
ҪýңǾˡ
˵ʲôֱ׳ǲһ𣿡
ߣԺеӣ㼴Ǽ裬Ҳһ롣
ʱ򣬲˵Ҳµࡣ
ߺߣȴûѽС˼˵ֻЩµСҪಡˡ
ЦҲӦȥҽѩֲಡġ
Ҫ˵һ鶼ûǲܵģȻֻҪ뵽ױܺЩʲôӣܺˡ
ҡ
һûиߵܵܣҹͼҪýˣһü޸ȡ
˵ʵǸʱѾЩˣӦҲһġ
Ȼܲµ浱ʱ˼ô룬ñǼ޸ùõĳ֮ӣĺ
-

919 Դ

Щ꣬Ȼۺ棬ɵӣԷˡ
Ȼεúܺãǿˣܺȶôôǿﶼǵһȵġ
Ȼʱȵǳ֮ӣȻҲȥΪƽ
ȻҪ¼ҵŮ޸ȡôԺ˺ӣںǸǲҲǵһȵģ
ʱǾĺġںЩ۰ҽõʲôֻĹ
Ȼڹùõϣû˺ƤֻǸ˵ã취ίؾܾ
ԼˣҲһ
ȻǾͲֹ˿Ǻˡ
ҪӲӦ£Ҫֳױý׵Ц
²һһ϶û˯á
ȵڶ죬콫е⣬Ѿ۾ؿͷϵ컨塣
շתһϣͻȻ뵽һܡ
᲻ᡭеļ趼ģ
һǵķӦͻȻȥѩһо˵ͨˡ
۾ٿصɴס࣬˶Ϻס
ð죬ҪȥʱΪ׵һȺӶ˳˽
ؼҵӶѵأιҩιҩҴ绰Ĵ绰֪ͨ˾֪ͨ˾
֮Ⱥӵ绰ʱߺѾҽԺˡ
һಡˣүӺͺϷϰԵضŵؿ˹
ҡҡͷûʲô⣬μʱҩûҡ
˿üͷ
壬ҪǸ࡭Ϸ˷
˸˵ҲҪ˵ûмίȵĵǶνԽҲʱˡֵ
ʵϣýѩӵΪֱ޴͸ˡ
ȵǲһġ
һ壬̫̫ܺݵĮ棬̫̫ӲǸĳġ
үӣΪʲôһֱȣ˵׻Ϊ廹ԶûκȱݣΪ洦ԭλãүӻ࣬ϾǶҲƽӹ
ʵϣǽѩʲôȺ涼ԭλãõġ
ȵʿǾԲΪѩȥǨŭ棬ĪԽеġ棬Ѱһ壬ؼҼ̳λñͻѹȵòóλãʣûκκô
ѩӵ֮ȴǵԭֲơø̫ǡĴݣǵ²λˡ
ȥһڵҽԺʱ򣬺ոѣˮ֮ץסľһץʵ֣ĶӶԲԣ
ĶңȶԲԣ
⺢֪ʲô
һȴûд࣬㿪ڵҲ֪֪ģҲãʡѿڡԺĿڽҴ󲮰ɣжȡʵ죬ϰ߽֣дҲС
˶٣ĻڣѾˣԺͰѻڸĹ
֣ڸҿЦԲԣĿѵôǽѩĶӣҲǽѩĶӵģ
̾˿ѾDNAˣѩҲѾϽȵˡ
ɫһף˸۾͵ȥ
ʱûʿſˣʿæ˽һ˿û£ֻ˹ȥǷ
߾Ͱˡ˿
ҽԺ㣬ԥ£ȥ԰
һ㶣һʱЩ֪óƺʲô
Щᣬӽаְֵģ鷢ż죬ûǿװµǸ˵µġ֪Լʵˣ˴̼ڳҩʱҪңֻǡ
̾˿ϴҽ˵ٲĻһˡ
̧ͷһۣʵҵͺƥԴˡ
ģһҵģ
ǹȵһ࣬һģ˺˶ǩͬ顣
һϲԴûˡ
ֻǡ
Щɵڡ𣿡
Ը⣬ôԸ⣿ֵؿһۡ
֮뾡취ҵԴһ㲹ȻҲϣ彡֮ڡ
ֵܣҲûȥ
ڵɾ͸Ǽˣع֮󣬺˲ʹˡ
-

920 ת

һ£ٲ²⵽˺ȵ뷨ûκ๣ֻʵܸ˵һԴ𣿡
Է34꣬ΪӵǨŭλӼȵ·ˣԤıؽǲɱ֮ԻӦףΪһŮ
˶٣ȲԺ˻̣ھŸºִ̡
Ÿ¡
ʱ治ǵȲȥ˿
ʵϣԴѡΪԷȻӦʽףȻֻҪĵ׶Դһ˿ĲʺԹޣôֲ֮󣬱ֲߵòܵӰ졣
ѵԴǩپͬ飬º־ԸߡһõòܵӰ졣
ǣǰԴҵԴѾǳѵˡ
ϾѾȲ̫ˡ
æ滹ǿŮ֮뿪ˡ
̷θι̣תͷڳ񣬲ʵʲô
ȴнӹԥ¿ڵѩͥҪҪȥ
̷ҡͷûǸҪ֪˵ˣ֪ȥȻĸӣѩԺȴٴɫ֪ģһЩϰͬߵˣҪָѪ飬ȫ˽ʮĸ֮顣
ȥԹۣҪνָ
ֲеģҪȥ
ãġȵͷ
ۼſҪӵʱ̷ηһ¡
㿴ǲЩ̫ԣЩɵؿɷ
üǰһûﲻ԰
̷ҡͷԣ㿴ǲԽԽƽˣ
һϸ鿴һֻˡӤձ鶼ǳÿͬ⣬û죬پԵ÷ǳ¿ɰˡ
ûǴĻһ㺢ӵò仯ҲӦԺɣ̷Щľ
ΪԺ˵Ըʼ𽥳ͣе˽еԴеСеĴ󷽡
Ȼ̷εЩģ̷˵ͳòƯʱ̷ְֻΪģĳһֱȶûб
ǳԲԣ̷θճӣ֮ǰʱ䣬òֱͨһЩ
ΪˣŵԳǧƶͯ
ȻˣҲûض٣òԾÿڲϱøƽ
̷λһ¡ӵԲԣһӤ񣬷ǡһĪĳ˵񣬴˵źĮȻ
̷˵˳ˣãӿǸתߡ
תߣ̷һתʲô
üкһ࣬˳Ľ֮ɱǿȵתʱкܴļɱּ䡣꣬һ㶼ȽϿ̣ǽ֮BUGһҪ֮졣
ת߷ǳټǡ
Сʵϣ֮һַ˳飬ǻ϶תߡϸϽҲתߡ
̷εɴ۾˼ǡ
Сˣ¡ƫԸĿǡ
򴽵֮ǰ˵ת߲Ǵ·֮Σת߼ûпܳ֡
תߣҲ֮ӡ
̷εһ
Ҳˣӡжд̡
̷εǱɷףȻܿ죬ͳͬһĺ⡣
ˣԴ鶼νΨһӵĶôԼ;ϢԼ˵ĺӡ
³սͣϣǰչ硣
ȻֻҪһ죬ûܹ˺ĺӣ
̷ͬΣȲ֪Ψһ̷ҵǣûԶԽŮ
Ҫ֪߼󲿷˻ὫĶħ
̷̷ְǱߣ̷Ҳұ֤ǲԳƫ
Դ֪ǹԳǾǮóòָֻά̷ͨξͲȾǮˡ
ڴͬʱʼĥʲô취óòά
ǼٵҲУһӲŲˡ
Ϊˣ̷βԼͷ⡣
֪Ҹоһ»ġ̷ΰյ
üЩʵˣ
˼ǡ̷۾һ
ͷϵЩʵ˵׶Ƿγ˵ģֻҪҵγɵĹʵǳάݡ
̷ЩԥĹʵܳԣ
-

921 

Գԣһա˶٣ϵĹʵʵ൱һָֽܻ֮óȻ
ʵ³Ǳ
̷εˣǰȴĹʵҲұ֤ĹʵĻӦû⡣
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˵׾Ǿ岻󡣳תߣȱģľȴԲ͡
̷ʣ˼ǡھͿ԰ѹʵԣ
ͷһ㣬ѳױһ˹־ˡ
̷ףеָܸı䳯òˣʱΧԳѾ˹̶ӡ
ȵҹ̷ûбܻȣʹӿռȡһɫĹʵ
۾ɴˣʲô
óȥѰһĶ˵ţ̷νʵŵ˳ߡ
Ȼ֪Ϊʲôƽʱһֱܹɵĳȴǲ졣
ʵϣѾˡ
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ӿ⡢ʹࡢԼľ۵׿ٻ
û뵽ԼתһӤһʼļԼļ仹ģģûлָܿ죬ͼϱӵ顣
ͬʱҲⱲӵĸƺԼ쳣ȻȻǻᣬϱȵṳ̂Ƭ磬˶ԷĻԼ
Ҳµˡ
ϱӵ飬Լ飬ԼԼ뷨
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ȻոշȴȾˡ
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ʶȻ̧ͷȥͶһ˫⡢к͹ػ۾
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ʧ֮䣬ȵͲ¶˷϶ȻоȵУصִԼĴԡ
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Ŀ˼ֻԼٻʲôأ
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֪ԼⱲӵ֣Ⱳӵİְ۰ػ֣﷢еɢ
һ̣·ףѾǹȥˣǳиĸ۰ĳ
ٴѾˣתͷȥ費ڣְſԱ˯
ûʲôȴǸӦһ˹
ˣ˵òܳڣȴ¶ˣ˶ӣҲԼǰ۾Եᡣ
̷ڳѾӤĶˣæѻСΧȹ˽
ˣһϲؿſںȻŮӤ
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ܲڸԼ˵ȻԼ
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˾ӡ
᲻Ե⣿
̷һհ˼϶ı꣬ԼĻѵŮϱˣ
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922 Ҫ

ţ̷ԻӢ֮ǰĻٴζŮ˵һ顣
Ѿ˽лԶֻ˵һĴ㣬ͼɴ۾˹
̷һæӢһԼӦʲôģȻ֮ʵ
ضʶȻҪɣȴϱЩоԱ߶Ļ
˵ʶΰֻҪʶ㹻ǿ󣬾ܻ磬Ҳܴ硣
ֻǲŵģȻȴۿǴԼгȡʲôȻ֮ע뵽һ˵Ĵ֮УʹԷò˲Ϣ֮üΪڡ
̷β֪ССӤʲôԷòȴһһڸı䣬ԽԽѩɰ
һߵĺҲˣ֮ıϲá
Ȼ֪ŮϷʲô飬ֻҪȷԼŮˡ
ΪŮò仯٣ǾԲܵġ
ɷĳĬ̷Щ֪ʲôӦҪ֪׼ԶԷˡ
ûʲôҵģȳ˯̲סʵ
һ漴ЦˣбҪ֪֪ġ
̷ζʱĬ
ǷǳģȼܸߣȻеȴûСհ˵ǳȨΪУԸֳ˿顣
ҲˣתⱲҲעֻһˣܻó
̷ԼпռΪ̣Ҳ᳹Ϊͨˡ
ˣҲײᶯó
ôһߺ
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ǳ
Щ⣬ӵϱӵļ䡣Ȼģȴǲ˵ˡ
糯òΪʲôٱ󣬱Ϊʲôᱣ䡣
ȴһ棬ϱӣ
̷βݸȻˡ
˶٣̲ססĲӣϱӡϱӡǶһ𡣡
⻰˸֮ԱǵģȻȴˡ
һοΣͬɽһŨоǲѰġ
ǲһܹ͵˵ġ
Σ𣿡ʵ
ᡣ̷εİɡֻҪԼڣͲŮ¡
ΪĹϵؼҺͽѩǱߣ˶ֲȥܡֻ֪ƺԺˣǿҾܾͽѩ棬Ӻլ˳ȥסһλڳǽɽׯ
һʼòʱʱȥǲµʱòȶˡ
һ죬̷绰
Σ𣿡绰һ̷ͨ͹Ů
Ϊ˱ⱻ˷ֶߣǰʱ䣬̷ԳȾ˷ҪΪɾܾѵ̽á
Ҳˣʱһֱûţ˲ܽϵ쳣
绰ȴǴϵġ
̷һѾˣҽ˵ֻҪСһʱͺˡ
̷һԹСҲǵģôСôȾ˷סʱǶŵģȻ˵æ϶Ҫһ³Ż˯
⻰֮ǰһֱţŮŮھΣŮƽˣȻͲˡ
ԺɲٲˣмӶҲЩãŮҲǮչ˺ӵıķտһ治ġ̷߶
̷β˵࣬ȻֻܹԹ˵á
ؼǱߵķӦ࣬Ϸ˳ԺԳģ绰Ĵ̷ֻ಻٣֪ˣϲ֮ཫóչ˺ӵ˹
̷βþֻܾȴЩ˵ġ
費Ǳˣǽչ˳ˡӹɣ˶Ժ϶и飬ôһ˽ܿĲŹ֡
ˣ˾Ҹڰ˴ˡ
֪Ĵ㣬ȴҡͷûǸҪ
Ϊʲô̷β⡣
Щ⡣ȵԭǺؼҵӶˣ¼ҵӶˡԺи飬ҲԱȲ϶ĸ顣
ѵ̷۾
ȵ˵ͷҲģǲŮһˡԺã˵Ҳֻáع⣬ʹ޺֮оһˣ㲻õԳá
ȻϣͰ԰ȣλͷѾ׵˲˵ʲôȴʲôû˵
ȿӵĿֱڷͷʲôϡ䱦
ʱǹСĽִȰģ̷һӾͷˡ
֤ȷġ
-

923 

ѩİӿͥʱ򣬳ѾܷߵȵˡȻûж̣ѾʼԸʳˡⷽ涼ڲģʳرһ֣²ΣҲ࣬óϲĸָʳΪʼĹϵˮЩرģǿˮһҪʮ
һգȴǱų˻
ſݣǿ޹ӣڸ֯ëµ̷˿ʵǳȥɻôֿտյػˣ
ˡһСӣ˳һڣѳؼңҿӴ󣬷϶Ҫſޡ˵ˣ˵ǳĳأ֪ҰСӸˣ˵˲ˡ
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ɲô룬С°
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̾ҲǺʱպȻʹȾˡ
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ֹǰ̲пͨˮļ鷳Ƕһ
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һȺҽҲֻܴӦ
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̷Ե簬̲ģȷҲ޷˰ɣ
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924 

ҽе±Ƶص˵ͷ̲ʱǸȾ72Сʱڣǡ
ԹԴ̷λĳСҩȥ˺ܣܶ˶ܲˣ˵Ǻˡ
̷ŮԴڵĴңȷҲ˰ɣ
һԵĺȷӦתͷһԵ衣֮ǰ׳ǸСк԰𣿡
һ㶣漴ش԰ģ°ס
˶٣ܼү޶˹
ܼү˽ӣڼһֻܴλȴǸͣģ˵ȢͬǸ˽ŮҲܵø׵ϲܼԭӽ󶼰ȥˣλһֱլҲ֪Ϊʲô
̷Ҳµȵˡ
֮Ҳ֪ôģֻ˼绰ȻǸܼҵСкͱĸ˹ҽȥͳһļ顣
̫ǧˣҸұ֤Ǽֵû⣬ûκδȾԼóٻЩģֻǰںȵݲ˵ʲô
ؼҵ¶ֿˣ֪λضʵӦǺش٣׿ԽΨеǵ۵Ҳϴɾˣ˵һƬ̹;˵ٵݣȻԭݣҲǲҵ˵ġ
٣̫̫̬ȸһҺϹ彡Ҳ˽ӴôʲôȾԼ
ӵģӵģͷһؿ
Է޵ķŭͲΪ⣬ǺȺ̷ζûκαʾ
˵ȻˣһԵǸ񣬵ǡ
¹ŮǲԸðκηգ±ԹҲˡ
һĸСʱһΣżⵥӹҽ鼸Ǿ㵵ģĿ΢ؿٺ̫̫һۡ
һ⣬ҽڵ֣ⷢСǰ̲÷Ǳڻߡ
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һʱ䣬˱֮඼ɵĿ⿴˶Է
ǲҸŰಡȾҵģ̫̫Ъ˹صԼɷ
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ҽҽǲǸˣȲ˵̲ûǴĻ÷Ǳڲ¡ĿǰΪֹһӺͶӣûгֹκ÷֢״
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ܡҽҡͷҪǲţҲصļ⡣
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ȵ̷ǻصҵʱѾٽˣҽԺͳҩ˯ˡ
̷̾˿ԺȵˣҴ绰ң绰լ¼ҡ
ȵ˵ͷ̽ͷһǣģһء
̷ε˵ͷ
豧ųԱߵᣬҿĳŶҪôѣò׷׸պãȾ˰̲÷
绰ȥ֮󣬵磬̷˺ͺؼ˶Ϲˡ
ô£ǳǲ˱ˣ̷迴Ż˯Ůü֪ĸ飬ҳȥոһݡ
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һµҲҿǽ򳯳ǡ
ܼǱߵʲôүɫѿ
ʵ̫ˣɵѲȥԼŮǱˡ
ϴûʲô˰ɣ
룬ҡͷȫǲܵģҲЩ̸֮𣬲˶ųôĺ֡
᲻ǽѩµ֣һͻأͻȻſڴ
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ӶС̫̫λСߵ̫ˣûܼʱͨ
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925 

˵εֲС棬ȻŴھ־ң̫̫̫̫ÿȥչ´̫̫¶̫̫ڸѩĹ˾춼ʦ
¼ֵܣ¸ָǡ
£Ŵ䲻ģɿŮһˡ
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˷ıĿԣ̷ûпڣȴ¸Ƶģ˲Ǳˣ
һ뵽ԺѰ鶼пΣ̷εüͷɱ
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ǲޣ˿Ҳ۲ѡ
һ죬ȴٴˡ
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еЦˣϲȢӣȻòڣԸĺãЦǰһ
ιǸ˵ܼҵ顣
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Ȼô룬ͬˣóĿͷȫǱܼ۵ġ
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ҲǺöں̫̫֮ǰһˣ˵ĳ氮ŮһʼҲĶעģԹ޻ڵظʱ䳤ˡܼұͲܴͷҲûʲôǮǰã̫̫̫Ǯˡ֮ǰݳ޵ҲĴԹޣ͸һǮıˡǸǮ飬ֻҪƯŮ˶߲ܡ÷ǱȾǸˣȻǸ˴Ⱦ٣մȾ̫̫Ⱦġ
˵˶ٵ˵ҲǱӦ̫̫Ⱦ÷ʱѾˣĸι˵ҲǲᴫȾӵġǺʵǲôСļʣǱˡ
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926 ˵

̷һŵؿ㣬ȷûŪл񣿡
ǰѷһѵİžװֽ
л񡣡ӲͷƤģ˵ǳܼڻڹ÷һֱû˷֣ǻֱӽڣ˵Ҫˡ
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вǲǣ
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˵ʲôĬƬ̺ʵ
ڳϱӵ飬ǲ棬ҲʲôõĻ䣬˲ûǿ³һӶ˵Ҳȥǿ
̷ǹеĿ⣬Щᣬգգ۾ѹ£Ȼſڵϱӽȣһ¶ʱ򱻺һԷˡǶҲ˵ô۰ϲûпҡһ·˳˳˴ѧȻ˾İ»ڣԼһȺ־ͬϵͬѧ»ûн飬ҲûжŮЩѧǶԴһ
жʱ򣬰»ڴǰɳĮо⡣Ǳһ;»ڸǽʱľ͹£ظ裬һ޼ʵɳĮУҲû˾üį
һ䷢һ³֮ˡ
˵һʼǻΪǷĳΪ֪żΪ֮˷ܲѡȻ̽û죬һҹ˶˯бץˡ
һʼǻΪɳĮصˣΪǴ·ʵ̫ˣһɫĶҲúɫıʵʵġ
ǣһ졭˰֮˶˲ҲʱǿʼǴȥ
ǲ֪ʲôΪߵ˴ûл»ھȥУȺ˹ǸǽͲУӦ취Ծȡ
һȺϵ˶УҼ˼֮£汻˰취ӳ˵Ρ
Ȼû뵽ǣǸ³ʵ̫ˣΪܣʵȥ
ܵһ¹㳡㳡վˣǶ֮ǰץǵһʵʵġ
ʱҲʶˣͶһ߲ҳǡ
޵ЩͻȻϵı˿
Ҳ֪ôǸ棬ͺ˼ͻȻ׹Ƕħ
Щˡһһ󣬺ܶѾ˵ķΧ
-

927 

Ǳˡ۾ǻ˶ɵˣôץסһ޴Ŀ
֮ԽԽ˱
ǲ֪ҪʲôΪС»ںѧѧǶΧ£м䡣ǸʱѾʶľˣ»˵ٵһҪųȥȻ󣬴ҶĬĽŵĻҡ
Ǹ޿ﲻ֪ˣֻԼɳͷһ
Ȼȼһ𡣡
ǻˣȴȼһ㡣ǧ˰ҽУЩȴվڿӱߣЩ˷ܵ㵸
ںһ㣬һ㣬Ҳһ˼Ĳʹ
ʱҲ˵ʲôҶˡ
̷εĲӣĲ䣬ŵһֻһЩĴʴȣǰ»ںʹԼѪ֮ΪҵֵĻ档ұʱڵĿ棬ʵʵѹϡ
ˣʱҲԼܹ²ҲϢ
ʱģʵҲȷʵˡ
ȴ
Щ˵ˣʱǲģҲ֪ԼΪʲôܹˣҲҾͰȫˡ
ұץһʵңоԱҿʼо
ЩоԱУҿʼƴճʵ
˵ģһԵʱ򣬰»ںѧѧǵӰʹҼ㱻һȼգȴҲܹȻȷұѾû˺ȴһһһ㸴ˡ
ǽҳ漣սʤ飬ɵϣ˵ϣ֮⡣
ǸʵľˣҲ֪Ǹ³ǵһĵط
ʵϣЩħ˾ڼġǡʵ˵ǶǲȷġǸ֯ĳѾˣߣЩʱʱر˵
ųһƫƧ峤ڵȺ겻Ӵ磬еģò˵ȺŷĽУǷǳģƶΨԼܹСǸȺֻ֣СŮ˳
СŮǻʮ꣬ȴǳøѾٵŮòһʼǻƽǺܿ죬Ůò˵졣켴СŮǱ°ˡΪòСŮ͵һλС
֮Ի֪£ΪЩ˹͸¶Ϊľġǳ첢Эˣʵȴ뾡취ѰҸ
ʱ䣬ҵǸɡڼ䣬ɱӣݴԭӢó
ȻǸʱСŮѾȾ˶񫣬ΪѾˣѾΪǸ˵ĹŮ֧Ů
͸ط֮ûãСŮΪˡǰװĸףʵֹһлɱǸɣûУòˣΨһĸ׻ҲζҪټһ棬ˡ
߳죺ôҶһϳҸ뵽ģұٳҲϳҡҾǰװôĥʧɱħɽѵĻᡣ
֮󣬳ʧУȻɳĮг֯һɱˣʧȥ֮ˡ
˶٣ҲǺ֪ҺͰ»ĵùǷ˵³ǣҲܳΪɱġ
Щ֮ǰߵļѧѧ㣬˵ҲһЩˡ
Ǹ޴ĻȼյĶһЩΪûжɱݵˡЩ˻գǶĳģȫԼùײȥ˼Ҳźڵġ
ȻЩ˵ģ漸ּ٣Ѿ޴ӱˡ
ǸʱǴҪ£ң˵˺ܶ¡ĲǵĳߵĿꡣ
Ǹң֮ԺսΪûìܣҲǴսΪҶԸ⵱ʿ
ʿҪɱ˵ģ˵ֻҪĴ⣬òͲ󣬵˵ף죬ܹЩɱĶûжôܣСŮǱЩ°ߵģЩҲɥ飬ֻ޲ʮ˲ôһⶼûУ
-

928 һ

˵Щ̷֪ġ
׬ǮĹʲôƲЩԼҵϰ壬׬ǮĹǵߡ
Ϊ˶֮Ψֲġ
ֶĶȻ͹˵ߺЩ̷ԩ޳𣬰˵ֵʱ򲻻ж⣬ȻҲ̸ò
鲻ôġ
ǶԲʶˣҲԼĹ۸С
˷ӡǿŮɷЩˣ˶Ƿеġ
ߣǹǵĻܹȫûж
ܵġ
ԹЩ˱ǹУҲҪһá
һĴС˸ͷ֮߾ȫȻûжˡ
ҲˣߵĹձĸߣһ˵Ĺǰ㣬ǵĹȴǰ㣬չԶԶѰ˵¹ʡ
ˣһвȱˣɲãһѾʱ䳤ˡ
ߵĸλˣòͨĶֻ
֪֯˵Ŀʲô𣿡Դ̷μϣҪƷͷ죬ڣ˵ϣҪɡ
Ԥϣ⻰̷λ𾪵ġ
˭뵽һȺķˣҪˡ
룬Ѿж
ȻĻȴ̷θˡ
ϱӡʵŪԼôġϵĻӦ߱ĹС
߱񣿣̷һ㵡
ͷЩоԱ˵ʵѾٸ߸ˣkͼƿ࣬ʵڲ֪ʱѾƿ˵k
ָԼ̫Ѩʱʱ̽ǵ˼룬Ƕ˲ȻڵkԼ֪ʱʵѾĶȾ˰
һ̶˵֯Ѿ˷ٿ
̷εһѵ
˵ͷҵаװһըȻҽȡֻ֮֮ҪҸըˣͲٴˡ
˶٣ϱȥǰĸоȻʹ࣬ҷǳȷһ㣬ģĽӴ
˯żǴkҳ֮Ϊ䰲ߣӦñʮּܷյĶͽ
ǶǺ˵Ů̷εǸͿ˵ĻҲطϡ
׻С˵ôһͨȴǺܿ۵˯ˡ
ð̷Ͳˡ̷Ժ˲߲ˣʱͻ˾ǰ
̷ν¸˰밬ȴٿȻ̧ͷ˵ģϱӴ񴥣
񴥣
̷Ȼ⣬ǵ˵ͷӦǵġ
ĻͼˡЦ鷳ľץסȻӴk񴥣ҪץסkͲ¡ץס󡭡
ζѵܶԸҲ˵ǰλȴĿǡ
ȻҲǴĿǡ
Ķĵ׺Хȴ˷
̷Ҳ뵽ˣϢıֻҪһ˿ǣ˫ǸӾܹ֮
ǿɲǸͨɫ
ǰ֯ԭĴ㡭Ȳ˵ɹļжͣɹˣҲǽ˵ϵġ
ǳǱȻߡ
ȴԼԲ뿴ġ
һҹȫ˶һֵĸоëȻһ㡣Ȼһҹȥƺʲôûз
ôʲôûз
˭Ҽȥ
ţ
ϹԣϹôô󣿡

Ƶ鲻ȫ緶Χڷʱ䣬Ҿʶһ£ǵòҲܵӰˣԭôģôġ
ˣ˽˼ͥãȴһƬңأΪµǼ˿ڣǼֱҪæ졣
ʱ̷̷ְһؿŶԷµݣȻ̲סĿ䵽Ůϡ
Ǵû뵽ԼξǳһôƯ
Ȼ仯Ļǰ۾Ȼûܺãòȴ췭ظı仯ԭĳȱա
ȵò仯󣬵ǳòˣԭѩɰȴһ֪ǽ˸ĸ˫ŵ㳤ɵġ
·Ÿϻġԭڹ⣬ºЩʧأ˼ųջ
ֵʱڳ˶ˡ
ʵʵ̫ˡòԭڣ껹þάţɥ֮㲻ⷽˣ̳ɱԽԽͨ
ȻڣȴһǸӣüۼʵ̫ˡ
Ϸ˿Щ㶣ĿΧССתһȦҲãһһˡ
-

929 

һֱ׶԰ʱ򣬺Ŵӹ
ѩֵ÷зţؼҹȻ˶෬ۣҪ˵εģǻǺ档
汾ǸҪӵģ󣬲µڵҲϻؼҲûǿ
ô󣬻ûмλ壬ֻ˵
ȻҲǺϷˡźܺúøദˣǿںӵϣҲ̫ƽϹ
̷κͺ治ǲ֪Ϸ˵˼ֻǼڳǰҲûʵûжܡ
ǺӾأ̷ҲǺ֪ϱӿϴѧʱʮ꣬ʵŮҲΪδ꣬һȺѧѧŻҲͱ
裬㿴ѾܷôĻˡϣ̷θ㳯˯ǰ£СƣһСĻһ˵
ɢ֮ԭkΪеعأһЩ츳׿Խ֮˱𽥿ʼνĳ
츳ȻǳڵģȻ
̷˵ҹѪһ׵磬Ѹ˹ըûˣҺӦæ˰˹ˮ˻ȥҹһ滻Щ㣬˵Ҫˡ
ʵϣֻϵͳı䶯ӦѾ˳ߵĴڡ
˵ѧУѾصࡣ
ûνӦЩ˳˴ġ
ò˼꣬ĸ־ͻᷢ츲صı仯ڲȨ֮ϵὫϴƣᶯɱ⣬ȫµҲֵͬڴ
ȻгڣؼҲã̷Ҳãǰȫģ˵һٲκοѡ
ܺãϷȥʱֱ˵Ǹͷ
̷һڶûȥҲû˵ǣʵϣլѾǸˡ
̷ڳ⣬;ֻ˽
šһɻ󣬺Ƚ͵
̷νӹֻŵߣţ𣿡
Ŵһʮ㣬ΰһũ֣رҲˮʮ㣬һرĺ㣬Ȼ٣ȴر˲٣Ѿ˸͹ȥˡ
˶ˣ˵˼䣬ҴȥҪǺõĻ͸ǴЩۡ
̫̫Դ֮󣬾ͻָϲŵϰߣȥĶֻҪóԵĺģҪӴһݸ͹
̷ЦҾͲſˣպȥƿԿ̳ˣ̳
ǸãĶûвġ
ҵ绰̷֮ϵЦⶼûʧ
ĵʵ̫ǲҪͺóԵˣ
̷ֹ˹ıӣСè
ʱ洫ϨתͷͺȶһۣǺˡ
Ȼûã˽
ǰǺүӺͺϷˣүӻã˾ȵǣϷ˵ɫȻ̫á
ⲻӦð֪ûӣ̫̫Ǻġ
浽ǺϷģ֪ʵǽѩĶӣҲӣһ鶼ûС
̷в⣬Ȼܿ죬һˣ֪Ϊʲôˡ
òԭѾԯޣȻ̷λһϳ˺档
ڵӸѩʵ̫ˡ
ָѩԭӣչֳģԼĳࡣ
ѩĳ˵ѿҲʲôŮž͸̷ԭ࣬Сұò
ѩĹ˾û꣬Ȼѩʲôģѩ˱ֽý壬Ǿ͸֪ܲˡ
ģüۼѩˣ˵ҪÿһЩһ۾֮ܿѪԵϵ
ϷӣôһһǻҲˡ
ͬڹȥ˹ĺ濴мҲ˼ִӹʢˣ˼ֵü˳۵ζ
Ϸģ̷һڲҲûпڣˣһεļ磬Щݲ֮
֮󣬺Ⱥ̷һ㳯̻λһԿţЦݡ
վڴڿǣֻԼƵǸ롣
Ȼ
Լ˵Ӧòģǡ
뵽֮ԼӾ￴̲סһ¡
ѾܺˣԼӦġ
ӱٲÿٿǸˣǶħ
ںȡ
۾ĲʵسϣԼ񲻹ʲô޷Էֺˡ
-

930 

ѾǵһöˣԴ֮ÿ궼öһΣ鶴Ƿַ
Ȼ612꣬ȴûзһз
612УöҲֻ˸λ
Ϊ֮ǰĻۣöеǷǳɹ۵ġ
ǼˣҲûκ˼
ȻԺܵͣĿǰԣһҲһΪܵ顣
ϸĵؽһһм飬ۼԽԽ룬⸡ּʧ
ö˳ģԽԶŵλþԽЩܹļǷǳ͵ġ
֪ùȥۼֻʣһˣ̾˿ԭͽס
ʲôѩ׵ģԽǿԭ;ԽµĵҲԽҲԽá
ǰŵ˵öģ丸ĸҲ֪һǿ˵ãе߳˫ء
ΪеȼߵģȻѪҪԭͲ̽⵽е
ʵڵУҲǳߣûȷΧǰȫģͬػζǲġ
νֻʼԾŻῪʼɳڷ
ںǰµĵģȴǴûˡ
ʵϲûб̫Ȼûãȴǵɴ۾
ءءء
ǡ
߰öдסڸūһæס⿴
öдģ
Ľ
ѵ
˷彫̽ԼϸһдݵϢȻһˡ

û
޴ƿ˳ˮ棬һۣ̾һʹٴΰԴȥ
һ̣һ
ʲô
ǹ
ļٵģ
٣ȥ
һ˲䣬޴ʧȴǳ˾޴Ķ·мֻһٽ
˱ܹǿںи·ء
һŮŮվö⣬ǿøūƤ˹ȥԶԶǲǰ
ڶҲӦǵĵҪάȴ޷ӭӡ
ȥǱ
˶һۣ뻯ԭͷ˽ȥ
Ȼöе඼ûΪԼ˵ʢŵǣǻѡ˻ԭ͡
ŷɽĶ۾ɴˣλλϾȻˣ
ǱȴĿ棬ǶĿ䵽ϡ
ǡɴ۾ôѵǡ
ΪǱء
ȻʱҲܺܳȻǳսʱΪʵĹϵȻսǰߵȴ֪֮١
ǱأΪʱȻСҲųȥǰߡ
λܹΪǵʵǿΨδ꣬Ǳһڽսʿġ
һǿҲҲûǸ˽ˡ
ǱתͷҪ˵ȴֶԷѾۺˡ
ѵǵظ¹Ҳ˵׼񲻱˵Ҳĵء
ɶصģֲһó
սأҲ쳣Ǳһ뷨
ȻȴҡҡͷһһߵⲻҵҴ
صĴ磿
Ǳһ˵̴
صͷһţôܣû˵̴°
ز˲ǴŸӣĽ͹ģ˵Ƿޱսµĵ
ޱǱǵһ
̴ǵǿߣޱͬҲǷǿߣȻȴǵʱĲԸ
ŷޱʾ̴û֮һ
Ůʿ̴Ҳʾ͵ŮԾǷޱͬû֮һ
һһô㵽һģ
̴Ȳ˵ǳûڲ٣Ȼޱ˼ҷǳר飬ô̴óѣ
ѵ̴ǿ
Ҳ԰˵廹ûزģޱְַܰĵ
һֱͷϵĲ˵ûУҲࡣһ϶ǱƷ
ķ壬ȻټҲûС
-

931 Ĺ

ĿٰһλͳϺܿʶص㡣
ͽµĵһɵǽ𣿡
˵ü廹Ƿ壬ѪԣķǿʹķѪ̴ͷޱ˵ʵǲµġ
Ǳȴ嵱Ȼ˹ӹ϶һأѪӦ𣿡
صͷеġҪȻҲһϳĵ
ǾûˣֻǡǱ̾˿ײǴ⺢Ӳһǽ
ԣ϶ʧ֮ɫ
ȱʲôǿ϶ʵǿĽ
˵ֻһλλ׵ġ
ǣ˭ӽࣿ
һϧô⺢ӵʵͣǽĻ
ڹȥ廹ܹͨϵǰ츳ԺŬ㹻Ҳлɽġ
Ǳأ˶ǺɵĽ̴˵λ
Ȼڡ
ϾҪϾɱѾһܵ顣
⺢ӳʱǽһӶǽˡ
ˣЩϧ̴ǿѪˡ
̾˿ΰɣ
Բ⣬񣬱㰲վ˽䡣
βһڣɡ
ҪȥĶǱһ㶣һʱЩûӦ
ͷҲصȥĹöȻŨҪЩǿΪ֮⺢ӵʻ𡣡
ҲӦ˹æͷԶԶԣǸҪȥĹ
Ĺ
һԵһ뵽̴ãǾҲ֮С
ȻϾΪ棬ͷ˺ܶദء壬öһأĹԣȴǲࡣ
սͬʬһ߶ûȫĹС
·ȱӢ갲ϢǵӢҲػź󱲡
ͬʱϷϯЯһ˸߿յУĹ
˵Ĺأʵⷽ沢ǲͬ已̥ȥǵʬûиάǰģҲ˿
ûǰһƬĹأ·սء
С߽ȥһ޴Ľǰ
ʵԽǿԭҲԽ޴󣬱ʵİҲ֮ޣ˵ʵǿĽˡ
һȥ·ɽͷվýˣ֪ηһƬƬҲÿ߼ʡ
Ǳ̴
ڸ˸طסʼ
ҲԭȫչֳˣȻˣҲ̴󣬹ֻжԷ֮һ
̴ôĲֻ࣬ƣڹȥж޴
ذԤҪϰ꣬ǱҪȴϵŨƿʼ۶
Ҫ֪ĹеƲͨƣȱӢ۶ɵġ
ôˣһԾ
Ǳ̧ͷһۣõģȱж⡣
ô˵¡һһɫ׵档
ŵùǺʶ鶯˸ʵʵ׵Ծëë꣬ԾͲ˵ˡ
û°ûɣʵ
Ҳŵؿ˹
ظӦһ˿û£ڡ
ֻҪھͺãǴģֻҪ⣬Ǿû¡
ȱôˣҪɵˣս̲סԹ
뻰䣬һɫ׵Ӹ߿
Ȼһȴţصǿȣ׵粻С˼
Ȼܿ죬ؾʹ󾪵ԣ׵һоûУ񴩹ҵֱ
ʲô
𣿡æʵ
ظӦһڣҺ񻹱ǿˣ
֮һһ׵ϣôסæȴ޼¡
ʮ׵ĥһԣ׵¶޺ġ
ҷԽԽǿˡ

˵ģһš
ģұ֤شһ
֪׵綼Ҳ˺ҲˣֱվһԹ
-

932 컯

һҹ˺棬׵Ѿԭɫ˼ɫϡ
һɫ£߿еŨƱüǳԶԶţǸ֮С
ǿͻȻɴ۾
̧ͷȥͼԭͷͲСѾһްԣԭʮ
ȴǡ
ͼԭѩ׵Ѿ˷·˵Ⲣϡ飬һʼͻֶԼ·Щ·ƿصȻ
⵰ǲǻһЩǱü
֮УƹգƹܴƹܴأȻʵϣǵȫûйϵ
ȻֻзˣʵϣȻ򣬵Ҳɣͻɡ
𣬵ﶼ֣Եķˡ
ȻˮЩͬټ
ͬˮⲻǾͲӵԵˡ
ҲˣȫɫףȻԵĵƣÿɫĵƶһԣһ඼ԣˮټ
Ȼ
ǰĻײǴˮɫǴû˵Ľɫĵơ
ɫɫɫս۾
Ծô֡ĺɫˮɫɫĻɫ
Ȼ֮⻹һЩԣǽԡԡԡľԣЩǷǳԡ
УԹ˼ǽɫɫر׺ˮԻǳɫľɫ
˼ѵһԵɫҲ˵ɫɫӦǴԺľ԰ɣ
۾ɴˣ԰ûɫѲɻˮ
Ц
񲻻ɵһû˵ˮ
ҡҡͷӦòǽԣǰнԵƵ뵰ȻǽɫǺܰĽɫĽɫһ
˵۾̲סЩû취нǿҲƳɫ˵̰ƣҲóѰⱦһǵۡ
ֽɫϲˡ
ôһ˵Ǳ׻˻εɫɫĵƣԺľԵĵҲͬԵɫŸֱȻ֮ǰҿЩΣɫƣҲһȻǡҵĸоЩˣҪһȻ֮С
Ƭ̣սɫʲô˼
δˡ
עĿ£ڲϱ
֪˶ãǱž㵵ǿ쿴̴ʬ塣
תͷȥȻͲɵһ⡭
ͼ̴ʬ岻֪ʱѾȥ룬Ѿۿɼٶţ䵽֮С
۵ˣҪƿѵҪȱΪۣ
ʶǰһǱס𶯣
عͷĿ⣬Ǳɫһ׿Խǿȱǵֵõġ
ǺһսսˣΪĹܹס
ǿ϶ס
۾ЩѪ
ķܺǿϾѾǿȥͻǱ
⵽ǵĹ磬һ᲻ùֱҲϧԼԣѾ׼뿪磬Ѱˡ
ȻȴԸ⡣
Ҳ磬kȴϣмȡء
ˣȻһʱ᲻ָԶҲҪʱȥظ
Ϊˣ磬뿪ؼ䵮壬ϣȺܹȡΪ֮
ȻԴУˣĴսĻ
սܣ˵Ĺʬ嶼ܵҴ棬Ʊػᱻɢء
ˣǱ˵ʱȱʬܹһǿǲ˵϶ֵõġ
Ǳѵܷȫ
ǿ϶ᡣ
ص۾ˣԲΪһ֮Ըѡ
ȻûпڣѾ˵һС
ҵȣԸѡ
ԽԽο϶򵥣ǰҲûнĹȱûйĶ
ԣ۾ˡ
ˣˣд컯
-

933 

Ȼȥһȴ򶨲ˡ
Ϊ̴ʬ֮ܷˣ롭
סĸס游ĸ硢硢㡢㡭
صѾˡ
̴֮󣬷ǸѪϵʬʼڡ
գ۵Ĺ򣬾ʮʬٵˡ
Ȼˣûֹͣ
ʿˮӦǺ£ĵʬԽ࣬Խǿ󡣡
⻰Ǻеġ
ֻܰȴ
ʱһһţĴСѾﵽ˸ԭͲĳ̶ˣʱ˿̣ѾʬˣЩʬһǽ
ԶʱڣķܲѣҲǳɹۣǺĽʢʱҲﵽλ
ȻƾãȴΪսϲѰ̼ĹϵҲҲˣĹеĽʬн
ˣ⼸ʬʧǱ۵ֱ¡
ͣˡ˲ϵĺ
̾պһ֧Ľʬ嶼Ĺˡ
쿴ѷˣ
˸أսĻؾһֱβһڷɵ˸߿ȥ

ǵϴڼУȻޱöģҲż
ôûļ̲סʵ
𼱣Ϊ̣ƿ춼ҪһСʱ
ǲǻƿʧܵ
öͷðȴҰ⻰˵´ùͷ
ʵҲȲ˵ǽǧΨһ˵ôĴۣҪ̥С
ǾԻģ
ͻȻǵܼ鵰ǵĿתע£һֻצ˳
ǽɫģһս˷ܵص
¿ͷѣһֻצ֮̽ƿǵٶһӼӿˣܿ죬ڶֻצֻצ½֡
һܼ֮󣬰ױצŪ飬¶е
ǽǱϲԽ
ȵȣΪΨһĴҪϸһЩһ£һġ壡
һצ
צ
Щˡ
Ҫ֪ԶʱڣצҲǼΪģצˡ
צЩצЩֻжצצʣµצǺġ
ȻצܹģצȴǾġ
嶼츳֮ǿȻΨצӵ츳ͨġ
ν츳ͨͨ׵˵ŬҲͨ
ûзָճǵ̾˿ȻſһƵؿ
ûг̵˵ƿǵһ;Լĵǣ˵ԼĵǱκŵرҪĺöᣬøյ֮ܰǿڡ
˵ȻҪǿģǲ˵ǵںھСˡ
ʵϣ˶ݵڣľûСʱ
֮ȹڣɵһɱˡ
ҶЩۣһѵĴмЩӷΣҲֻÿеתעˡ
ԼЩߣõĴм䣬ĸϵǱ߷Ĵм䣬Ҳһ㲻ٵؽյˡ
˫ݵͷԷ籩ҲǷַӱĽࡣ
Ȼ⴫мҲûкôģԼצץǣһҲûоò˳֡
ǵζáתˣҲòóˡ
ҲعˣһϲΧסҶء
˵Ҷ¸ճͷҲǴ󣬵ȴĿȰؿ
ٴҲҪǺǻĴڡ
ĵصҶس군ǣ۶һâ֪˵һνΪ常زſڵúӣʲô֣
ֶǸĸģ̴ͷޱѾˣдмڣҲûʲô
Ҷ̾˿
ĸģʱ֪лǷ˵Ҳ֪Ա𣬱֣ΪԣǽΪԣǽ
翴СֶŮСֶˣʵ毺õ毣ǽŮĽ
ŮĽش
ز֪λϲ常常㸸Ȼڣ常һúչ㳤ġ
ȵȣԣûзӦǱǾͿˡ
ֶֻŮĸȨʱɴ۾ҴŮҴ粻ڣҸӦӦ֣
˭˵ˣǱߵ˵㲻ܰѽĹ
-

934 ޿

һ㶣ʶʵΪʲô
Ǳɸֵ⻹𣿳ĹͱܲߣǱ޴ҪΪİӣ
˼ǡس˳ǣĹꣿ
õѡ񡣡ǱĳȻҲأĹõأﳤ󣬶ԽԺôҲ󡣡
سĬΣЩͬؿһֶŮǡɵð˰ų꣬ǰ壬ɲ˯
ʵǷǳģѰ˯ǧ궼ʲôϡ£ָ֮֮ǰľǳʢ
ؾͼǵǰϲȥ͵ͬıأҲδĹ̶ĿԴһ㶼һֻ۱һֻֻۣҪ̫֣ǻǲⲹһССġ
֮⣬СʱϲܣҪ֪δʱսġ
ǵʵս飬ںڵʱܻͬġ
һúöδĹֳƵĵطϰ˰ꡭ
أı鶼Щۡ
Ѿ޿ˡ
Ȼôۣص׻ͬǱ顣Ȼԭ;ͱǴ󣬵ģͷİûðأǿ󣬳ȥҲֻаķݡ
Ҫͬɵ
û˭սüǲѾûˣ
ҲǰһѾһٶǰˡ
ҪӸȺҼ̣һȻҲͣҪһЩӦм̵ġ
սһۣô˵̹Ĺܹ𣿡
ǡһΪѵؿ常͵ĺóԵģ
̧ͷҰֵСأ
̴С⡭
ȻڶǰԼ˰Ͼ̴Լ˳ļ̳ߡ
Ȼ񣬱˳ļ̳߳ˡ
̧ͷ۾˫ӲӵḬ̇
嶼Уϱʱײϡ
۲ѣȻɣõ˺öŲȱ̴С⣬Ȼǣ̫
˵Ϊʵǿ̴Сһֽģʵǲᰡ
صҪˣȻֶŮככĿ⣬׻ˡ
Լıӵҹ͸
ʵƱֻǿŷǿΪ𣬱ҲǣֵľԼġ
ֻϣȵ֮󣬿Լ常ķϣܷŹȥұ١
ſ˻ȥڵҪ裬Ҫп⣡
ʳ
ӴؼҪˣʲôʱˣô׵õģֲǰǶҪʡųԵģɲǰֻˡڿ⡭
СҸ㿾Ѽ򣬿ʲôľͱ˰
һɻ󣬡ΪʲôõĴмУʱʱץֻͼ˴˼ҷҲûɱѪԼ𰡡
壬ȫ¶ǺƢͨмϡࡣ
񲻱ˣɲܰŴм¡Ǳ̾ķԽԽѣʮǰǾǩЭ飬໥֮䲻ٻɱˡ
أ̫˵ʵôûˣǶĲôͱôϡˣ
׼ȷ˵ܵϢӰγɵһ衣õĴмУһԵġ
ôԼͲˣ
ȣҲ룬Ǳڳŵ
ŵرڶ࣬ǵ治һˣϾػܳǸҲˡˣԭϡѰҲһҪϧԴ
⣬ȱ˭Ҳȱ衣
ҲǣȱǰԼʬ嶼׳ˣû㶫᲻ò
ˣҪһҪϴأǿԭͣûרõϴ治С
ԭ޷СҲ޷εġԵ˵治Сϴͳ˴⡣
㲻˵Ҳ׼βСֶŮԴ
ˮϲˮϷýĹϰ˰Ѿίˣûˮ
˵ˮ
رһЩŵʵ˵Ϸˮ𣿡
ԣŵؿ˹
ҪǲϷˮ˵ȥıЦˡ
-

935 ͩ

գգ۾ȻᰡǼᱻ𣿡
˵ʵǷ˺Ҳᱻòá
ԣǱĴ˿
ǵǺԺ츳ͨ⺢Ӹոƿǣдм֪֮һ£ȴҪʱģҲǰʡ
֮ҪһĹ˵ǽ̵ٵøǱڵ
ص˵ͷǻ°ɡ˵þӱܻծˡ
ȴǵ常¿ԣȰҰֵС⽻
һ㶣ãծôҲӲˣ⺢ǲúŪ
ǱһԿúЦȴǶӱʾοǿûõģǸӣǿǰ׷ѡ
ǰԵ壬ٰԵҲֻпķݡ
Ц㽿ȹڰɡΪڳΨһĴԼʺڵ
Ҳ뵽һˣûоܾ
󣬼һ¸ϴأǼȥᶫ
Ĺսȴ۾һתһ¡
ʲôü⡣
۵֪ͨ尡ս
ΪʲôҪ֪ͨ壿һ˵ֲǷˣ
Ǳȴˣһ΢ЦȷҪ֪ͨ壬ϾǷޱŮ
ػûףսһ۵ǲˣΨһĽǷޱ׵ܵܡҲ˵ǽľ˾ˡ
Ů˾˵Ĳһʾûаɣ
һȻԶԶԣǵеʾ
ȻֻзһͷܹͬȻԭΪסȴܱסһ
ԶʱڣܹģڣΪƣսĺܶ󶼳ΪĶ˵ػؽ֮λ
ޱ⣬֮ǰ˷˵˵ԼȴʧȥĻᡣ
ҲˣֻܷһλҪ˵һʵ٣Ҳǲʵġ
ƹգסͩ־֮ϡ
ͬʱĹһͩҲһء
Ҫô˯Ҫôµ岻һԸ߽ʱ䲻ڴԼ𡣲Ȼϸɲ񣬵һȴǺƢһգ˵ĻƢҲǷǳġ
ΪΨһĽϢͬ岢̫һգĿԼͩĺȴǴѶ˵嵽á
Ļͨǽء
ʲô֣һʱ뵽λ硣
̴Ҳ᳹׻ɢ
ϲŭķ۵ײɻһĨʹɫ
ȻˣԷ壬ͬˣþô֮⣬㴫Ѷú˽
زǵһ֣ͩʼطã;طȤˡ
һ޼ʣͬȼһͩһοʱþޣôˣһɲľɫЩζ
Щ˻һһÿȴ
һѸ̣ȴάһŴݡ
к£󣬷ҲѣһֱӾʵ
˭ڳء
룬ȴһҹ֪ͨһϢޱµˣƿǳһ
һ㶣͵ػ䵽Ʋϣ˵ģµĵȥ壬Ϊ˶þܹ˭֪һһ꣬ȴʼûеȵϢ
ĵ֪ʲôʱԽãҲٱˣ˭뵽
ǧȷЩһצ˰Ҫһλˡ
ͩͬ̽أû
ȥԷжŮĳƺˡ
˵Լ֡
УҡͷܾΪ˽İȫһ¾ǰ뿪ĹĹأһͷʵڲȥ
һӳȥʲôģ
ƤЦ񰡣Ů⵱˾˵ܵϵɣ
д
²ǵһμʶĺƤҲøۣûУҵԽ
Ҳ֪ĵУҪ㣬Ƕ˽
ԺöûнڲٿԣСЩָ̰īˡ
ضʱɵۣ治
Ц˰һ԰ݷ壬̽ҵŮ
-

936 

ֿտվͻˣǱֱܸɸˡ
˵ˣܲеϢǱˡ
ķȪưûζˣ
ǰ㣬һȺû⣬˵ûҪĶ̰ˣȴԤȫķȪơ
ίˣܹĽˣ˭֪˭˵ˣĵֻֽ
ҪȽٰʲô취
ǲɵǱ۾Ͳ˵첻㣬Ҫ²ʳ𣿡
һȪȻǾƣȴʺ̵Ķ
һȻȴҡͷɣ첻⻰ɲ˵Ȼأ̽ǵУǽҵĻʹһ˵׼˿ӣѽŪ첻㣬ʱǶûطȥ
׻˵飬Ⱥ͸ˡ
˵ڵĻÿһ䶼пܻΪʵ
һȥܹԭɱСһ㶼ؾͽԭͱʮ׵ĴСܳȥˡ
ʮȻңһ˳ȥ
Ĺߵúܣʬǰ̫èèɣھͲһ
ûüӦͲӰˡ
һʼû⣬ȥ꣬ûС棬ΪģϣӸһϴˮ̡ˡ
Ȼܿ죬ʶԣҪǹȥͲ˵ˣͺͽɫƬĹٴҲңڡ
ûҵʱЩ
ȻĹǾ԰ȫģǣҪǴĹܳȥأ
Ҫ֪ĹطҪֱ죬ͼûλҲĽطԸȥġ
Ȼȥû͵ܵ˼˭ܱ֤ڻô֣
Ҫ֪ǿһһܸ¡
סˣæ
ۼԭͷɳĹһͷʬ̽Դ۾ǽ֮⡣
̫ˣĹôֻȤ
öèèźء
һ죬嶼յĹѰһС
ʵϣĵڲûţһΪľǸҹʿ
Ȼһжеġ
ҲˣڲʵһֱСҲ֪ڳ֮ǰ˱¶Ƥ£㰴
˻ᣬһЩϲ˯ӿĹ
ҸոտһĨɫˣ
˵Ҳˣ
ҺҲ
һ£ں֪ӦСǡڸ棿
֮ǵǲϾСССʱʲôƤûɹ
ǱЩЦõѽﻵˡ
һ⣬Ѿڣʱڵ屾ͻúö꣬Ǿ̫ˡߣ壬һֱͬӴ岻йУ˲ҪԺͿĹпյ㽿棿
Ľ飬϶ںһƤύģȵٺͬӴǻø롣
ͬ顣սڵ
Ҳͬ⡣ͷ۵⺢Ѿܶˣȥ꣬ҿóһֱܼįûƢ
صҲͬ⣬ýڣѵܵʱˡ
һȥʱҲˣֱӷɵһʬϣԭͻԭĴС˷ܵһɣ
嶼ûˣˣһµС⸱ֵģһڳû¶οȰɫ
֮ԴͿʼ˵ǿҪˡ
Ȼ˵Ҫһ꣬Ҳ˵ԴҪһꡣ
ҶʱڣǰԴԱߵʬײµҪˡ
ɲײҪԺǳˣǾͲÿˡ
ԶԶԣҪܣϢʯĥ

ôһȰӴмз֪ⷽʶ֪治˵ЦиǳˣʱͲײˣԹԵſţɴҸĥǡ
ĵĹе٣Ϣʯĥȹǳ֮ǰļʱڡ
-

937 

ĹеŨ񣬵ȴܲ
ĹеȱʬάֵģյöˣʬҪ١
Ψһ⣬Ϊûг꣬ԴҶŬ۵Խ࣬ŻԽǿ
ˣ֣Ȼܣһ÷
ʵʱһЦĹųߣڲ̫ˣҡ
צԴսҪ뿪ײ飬ʲôģҪ
ǰһԵһһʱҲǣĴսǶҪȥײ
ǡԶЩСϸϸ㹻ˣŲײʱ
˵ʲôǽǲŲײء
ҲԣֻͰҪǵӲȡҪȻˣҪٳˡ

оҪߵڻʱ䳤ˣҲˡ
Ȼͷ֣˯Ȼǳ辫ĹϵΪ㣬Ϊ˽Լʱ˯
Ҫı־档
һ죬һڽԼβս
ȫ¶Ӳƥκһλǵβױԣȴս׳䲻ĲλһԣΪ˶β͵ȣǶᡭ
˰Ͷˣ̧ͷȴ񣬶ʱͲˣ
һ㶣عһ˼ǸǸ顣
յǰʵ䣬£ǲںܶԲˣ
һɵʲôȱ˭ҲȱСӼҼҵĲù¡
СһҪԼָء
֮ǰҲԼʱԵ͵͵ʿˮָҡĻԸãȲ˵ǶˣܸԵģΣڲٻеġ
䣬Щô򵥣ܰɳǿġ
ǱٲҲȥ̰һڳԵġ
Ȼشҵ
룬Ҳûڵ񵹲ûֻЩҪȵսЩǵսʡڣΪٲѰġ
üĻҶѱǿİɣ
бһ۵ǶֲֻͨײҲǿġЩūһҲܱǿģȻǵǿԾϺ𡣲岻һǵʿɲܹȵġ
һѪĻܹ°빦˰ɡ
üͷûûˣ
汿Ҳ˵ˣȥǱ常˵
˵꣬βһھͷˡ
Ҳû⣬óСڲڵʱ
زڣǱ¡
˳ǱǱһ¸㣡
ǱûеĴ£ȴǺЦʵʲô£
ԭͱСҵһԵ֦ͷϣһҾѳһ츳ͨ
ģ
Ǳһ׷վǺǣ
츳ͨⶫô׾ѵģȥļУöצ츳ͨڱΣյʱѵġˣʱڣǸûڴ츳ͨ
Ȼ˵츳ͨˣ
˼
ѵֹһ츳ͨһš
Ȼˣ϶ֹһݵ
ǱĹעȴʲô츳ͨˣ
βϵ˵²¿
һ˲䣬ǱְܺӾһٵĳ嶯
ǱͷһҪǲ˵̾Ĺ룬ԼԼ棡
Ǳһ㶼棡˵ҲܣҪ£ҪȻҾͲ㣡
ǱۿҪߣȴסСȰɱ嶯ж㲻ǲ
ĻǱһ侲ˣûжҲû˱ˡ
ΪǰҲǻ֮һ
ǣϵز˰죬θڵԸŴ󷢴ȱ汿ҵ츳ͨôôû˼
ҵ츳ͨһռӵһкܶܶĿռ䡣
-

938 

ǱԶЩ¡
ռⶫǶʵϣ嶼ԴռģĹĺҡľëǶֽһĴڡ
ʵϣ֮Խشһϲڱ˯ϲҫˡ
ں˭õ
Ǻԣ˵Ĳֽӡ
ѵĺԴɵ
ʲôϵһôСҵĿռɴˣ治ֹɽˮккʲôҿռʲô
С
ɵɴ۾Ҫ֪ĺǸԭ͹ҹģڲռĴСԭ͵ʮ
ԭСİҿռҲиǧ
ȵȣǱȴǷӦˣ˼ǡĿռڲһ㣿
ͷ
Ҳ˵൱ӵһ˽еأǱʵ
˵ͷҡͷز̫һģҿռĲһռԼ
ǱһʵĿռж󣿡
üͷ˰죬ȻҲ֪ܴܴ֮󡣡
ĿռԭͲСϸ磬ǸλȫߣͷǸλȫ뵽ԼĿռС
Ҫ֪ϸ磬ǺһǼʣġ
ЩϵһȻΪ̯ĹϵŨȱõһЩΪûϢʱţռеȴԽŨˡ
Ǳüʵþһ㣬ԭתһȦҪã
ûת̫ˣҲŲɵ¡
ǱߣǸĹأ
ǿ϶Ĺ󰡡Ҳ룬żֵҵĿռĹǸСɰ
Ǳһɲ
Ǹռ䣬ܰǴȥ𣿡룬ʵ
˵ЩЩ֪ˣۿʵš
񽿽˵ҪȥײȫֱǨӵĿռȥ
ҡͷڲУҪȳԺСʵȻˣֻĿռ̫סĺۼˣǨµĽȻѾƣ׻ڡ˵һʼڿռнⷿˡ
ˣڴ˽ȥ֮ǰȰЩۼٵҺԭ;޴Ҳ㹻ǿᣬĲ˵ǨǺܱġ
껹꣬ʱӦ㹻ˡ
ô˵ĿǰֻԼȥǱʵ
ͷҿռкööҶɣֻܿõ
˵ģǱһ𾪡
ͷҺкöյأҲһЩ
ռеĲһʵ
˵ͷһ̣צϾͳһƻʵѾһƻˣֻ˵ƻԶסΪϴˢռбͨѾ˲ֹһεĽͱ졣
Ǳ۾Բˡ
óһһԼƻؿ
Ҿҿռ͹ҪóԶˡһ߿Уһߺ
ǱĿɿڴؿеƻȻóˣǰһ㣬ǿˡ
ǰгԺǰȣеһһ٣Ѿһ겻һˡ
ȵȣǱͻȻո˵ռûɣ˷ˣ
԰ĵ
ǱǽһۣͲڿ𣿡
ƲƲܲܳɶɾͲɣҲɲ갡
ô
ǱҪάֳϣᶼҪ̲סʿˮˡ
ռﻹ𣿡Ǳʵ
Ȼаǵиֺʣ涼ϺɽҲкܶҰޣԶǳζ
Ǳһո˵ռﻹкܶյأ
ͷռԭռݵĵط֮һĵǿŵġ
ǱһۣѾ˾
ȴ˵еǲǲòҴˣʲôöҳԣܼӿٶء
ǱЩԥȷĿռ䵽ܹǽȥ򽿽ռĺöٶ࣬һ˹öò
ȷЩ˵˭Լ츳ͨġ
ǵûС
ôһ˵Ǳ˴ġ
úͻȻſأлضַȥ
˷ΪҪ˵Ƿһʱ䶼ЩͷԣǷǴǰײ
-

939 ̸

ڷĵ岢⡣
˵ǱͲµĺЩ£Ӧһ¡
ԴϣԭϵƲϽܵѾʵʵڵѡ
սͬ۵겢Ǽٵģͬĵ˸ͬͬ¡
ˣ츳߲ͨûд
ֻǷĲ룬˵ͣ¹شȴӦֱӸͽ̸ġ
λ˵ߴ㿪̸֪鲻Сö˻̸ص㣬Ǿ͸Իȥ֪ͨϢˡ
֪淢飬԰ڵشӿռȡһѵΧһЩǳԣ
ֹó˺ܶ⣬ǺʣȻʳȴԺжӡ
֪ʲôû˸ˡ
зͷ治СҲ㣬ǵţǳҵա
¹һۣҿãЩͽˡ
һҲǱڸ

Ȼ˯ҲģûãˣЩɵϸˡ
һο˵赸Ȼǰôлȴƻֺ꣬һζ
ĹʲôûҪ´ˡ
԰ó꣬ǰҪϴĻһ衣
ڲˣϾˮҲˣҲˮϴˡ
ǰҪ˵ǻˮϴ
Եģ̹ܻ걳ء

һԵûζصЩл˵ֻһ˶ζ
ʲôײ磬һܿȹȥ
˵һڳȻֹЩ棬ҲԸɨˣһ˷ܵغ
˵ĳͻ֡
Ѩһĵط֮ͩڷԼ֮һǷǳҪ
ͬǣѨԷǳǿ
˿̣λҲ˵ײ¡
ΪóĹϵսλֱ衢衣
ĿռȻãҲͬײһĬԣҲΨһ迪ڵ:ʲôӣ˵Ҳkõk֪Ŀռ䣬ܲ졣ǨڣҲֻܻһʱİ
˶٣˵䲻ģԭŨҲǳߣ֮ԻϾ˵ҲΪ巢չ̫ˣ̫ߣѾ޷ˡθұ֤Ŀռһֱǵ󣿡
һռҲϾǾͲòٴα¶Ƥ¡ʱ򣬴սԾ⡣
޳ĻصʵϣһʼԥҪҪǨ㵽Ŀռ䣬Ǿͷ뷨ռĴڵһ£١սǲٵʶȱ
ֹýռʣ嶼ܹǿԴսҲаաǱ
üƳһۣȷԽĿռ䲻ˣ
ᡣǱʹˣ˵ĿռܹԲֻҪǽ棬˵֡
Լ£ռڽ˵ġȵˣܹĿռժջʣȴֱڿռн
ڳλһӱµĹǣǵĹȡռڵŨȡ
ʵϣ⻰弴㲻˵غǱҲҪ˵ģ˵ˣʡǵĹ
λԥ£ҲӦˡ
ֻȴһҪ󣬡սϣܹĵתƵĿռȥ
û⡣ǱҲʹӦ
ǲװֽӵģսȲ˵ʧܵĿܣɹײ˵ʵҲûйߡ
ˣԭĬϷЩ޷ĵġ
ĿռͲһˡ
ǱӦô죬ҲĿǡ
Ŀռдеĵǽײʱ嶼ȱļҲߡ
߲磬һλӻҲڱҡ
ˣ⼸ˣǱͿҪӡ
˵ռﻹ֮һյأ׷˷ˣϡռ治һҪһЩУȺкô
Դˣû
-

940 һ

غǱٴĹѾǺü֮ˡ
ͬܣȻΪ׵ĹϵƬӲȴƣΪʵս٣⻹ҪԿ
ոյĶԣצǺܷģǶҲҪϵĸоƽʱĥצ£
ոһȺܲнռ䡣Ҫȫͺأ̶ȸش
˵ٱˣսʱһǵҪͷųսʱȻԳ棬kսѹܣǲͷǵʵͻᱻ룬ӳĲ֮һ

ֵһȻûнȥսǰߣҲĿ˴սķ˽̵ʱ֮
Թ۵Ǳزֹһ͵صͷԵĶмжУû˽̣ҲѧᣬײѰȴҪоԽ̵ġ
˭̴ǰҲǵһײʱҲʯӣ˶ٿ˶սѣԡ
ˣԵսкܴĻɹײġ
ÿÿ뵽Ǳؾ̲סʹ
Ĵм̴ͷޱǰļ䣬ʵײһ̴ֻ֪ͷޱʱΪǸǰ棬һΪֵͬƣҲײ
ʱսңǰһ֪˺ܶĿΨһľǵͬǰˣҲǰȴίʵǹ˼˵ġ
ˣ֪ģҲ֪Щ
磬֪֮ԷΪײҪӲҪȻģȴܹġ
ҶԴûзһнˡˣ治ô
ˣԴ籾Դͬͨ׳巢ķбķգܱ׳
֮⣬ֹ֪һֻҪͬʱײ飬ײٶҲûУָ̼
УڴײûõģֻнƵײ飬١
Щǵ궥ǰ徫ӢѪܽľ顣
Ȼս󷽵Ͳ֪ˡ
Ǹǲ˲ٹΣ˵սʱֻޣЩǺսҪˡ
סˣĿӶȴΪУ򲻵Ҫ÷ӦսҲҪ̱任λãⱻ޶λˡҪ֪ȻǿȺͷƽƽһǵĿסڵѪⶼΪԷǿ֡£ûеǾԲѵġ
˵ʵǻ֮壬ɱҪĲɱǣǷǰߵ
һСı޶λˣǵǡҪҲӲĲλ˽ͷǽ޾ɳȥȻβֱĵȥ

һܴ꣬ûһ֪ʶһ²ʾģλĵ㽫γƺˡ
Ǳι
öŵҵĿռһȡ
Ǳ˵ͷȻö㣬ΪԣٳǺ£Ϊʱ䳤ǻɻʯģÿ궼öĻʯǲ֪ĿռʲôûпܡŵĿռУܹѹƣ
˶٣ֻǴһԣ㲻ýš
ԴûֻʵҪڿռڸЩ𣿡
Ǳһ㶣漴ҡͷãֻҪ㣬ĶС
ηҲûйϵʵ
û⡣ǱӦһ漴ֵĿռ仹ηꣿ
Ȼᰡη꣬аҹءΪ
ǱΪ⣬ȴûж˵ʲô
ܳĹҪöתƽĿռ䣬͵˽Ĺ
ˣ嶼ʼæµ
彫һһöа˳ūĪѡţȴǲµĴ㡣
嶼ЩĽǿԣҲ뽫еĵ͵ĿռУÿٳЩʯȥĹĵͬҲȥĹ
¡ֻܵȵˡ
ҲãȿĿռʲôǺͷһʱͲˡ
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941 

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צһӣͽЩתƵ˿ռС
״Ǳǰ˿ǻģȻ޷Ŀռ䣬˵ЩҲתƲȥ
Һãûг⡣
û뵽һ㣬֪ͬȻֵζȣҲ͸¶ԼĿռ䡣
ʵϣһʼԼתЩץϹģ֮Ӧô죬ΪмĹϵ
ΪЩм䣬ٶȺ˽⣬ҲûԭеĲ
ӲʲôãΪܶʱҲһԱû˻Լ˵ٶ䣬ԵĹҲܹ˾ϲ
塭ͨм䣬ȴǴһ᲻
ͶĲͬȻǿƾãǵԱʵҪ򵥺ܶࡣ
ıǩв١̰ơ谮£ƤҪɫûڲ٣Ե
һȴǿ϶ģαָһȫȻûйϵǼ㻵ҲԶǻϵģһףǴᡣ
˻£ҲԲӲϡ
֮ͬҲоܴ׵ʱҧצץҲϡ棬Ǵȴġ
໥֮ٴ𣬶һδһΣ˽°£ǲɵġ
ˣֻҪͬ壬໥гҲԲỳɶԷ˵Ļ
ʵϣ幢ֱԣҲȷʵûйΡ
Ϊ̫ˣòһɽרŷ
ɽЩ⣬һɽΪݲֻڸҰö
СʵСûĿɽʺϲġ
ЩֻҪ㣬Ķһġ
Ǳ˵ˣǶͲùˣúãͼ֮ǰˡ
ðһС㣬ĵúܣÿ춼մм˵ģڵ֮ϴˢһֻϣܿ㳤á
ȻҶ˵ˣһγǽ׽ǣǻʵ³ģʱ򣬳ǲܰһġ
Ҳ˵ˣ׽ǳúˣԺ³ǲŻԽӲԽƯ
ȻȵðһСʱŶЩ¡
ôáǺǽɫģ
ɫģ
ɫǿеɫġ
ֹǣǿβǲҲЩɫ
ǡ

֮඼ЩģҪ֪ʷû˵ɫġ
Ǳһȴ˿û£צ̫Ѱҿеļ¼һצβǾǴźɫġ
ôһ˵Ҳ
ԼûеĹ෴ʵͦĵģײԭӲʲôģײ
ˣûò˵ԼβȴƯɫŨȾһ㣬ǳǳģŽɫɺÿˡ
ʵҲУÿʹһˣܣϾܵռиֲ
֮ǰǱ˺ܶӣдϺз硣߻ãֻҪֱͶͳˣǰҪѵĹͶˣռĿյ治һСĿ
һգڽһſֵںõĿ档ֵһ룬̲סͷһۣԻػͷ
֮üΣ̲סͷȥ
ܾá˭Լ
Ƚ綼ֺãԥ£Ǵȥһ̽
Ȼ˷ĵطʶʲô֮󣬼Ǵʧɫشӿռз˳
ˣҿռˣʧ
ڣ˰죬ڴĻҲû壬ֻԺʵ㺰ʲôǲεԼûˣ
ǵԼڵʱ򣬾ΣԼԼ
ûһβ˦ϣȻ֮ǰĻظһ顣
ˣһӦ׵ڸҿЦɣ
˭㿪Цˣ۾ŭɵ¸㿪Ц
ȻˣɰŰɣʵ
ܶ࣬ûһɣģмٿ
ȵȡȴ֪ʲô𣿡
ҵȻ֪ˣ㵱ҵõĴмǼٵģǺߴߴᣬϽ˵˵ô죬ҪҪϽŲ
УҲͷԵܽŲ
-

942 ͯ

̧ΪʲôŲȥѲ㻹ҷ
һ㶣漴Щǡ
Ǳǹ˽⵽ʲôȴǸһͬӿռתƳ
Ϊʲôɴ۾һŵ
ԥ¿ڵ˵ǽóƱҪȥȻ±ͷǳҪʵкܴܻǲġǰҲ˵ȻڵĻ徭𡣡
࣬ҲǧʵֻռһС֡
һҲٸ
Ǳʱط˸ۣ˭˵Ҫˣ㶼û꣬˭ָ˵ˣҪĪĴۣ˵δˡ
˵䲻ģǼҲȲצҪ
ǡ֪ǡ
ǱͷȻ˫׻߳ģҲһЩòֻԼȡɳƿǡΨһȱԵĻǡ
һɵôռ᲻᲻ʵʵǷЩ᲻Ŀռװ𺦡
İɡµ뷨ҡҡͷЩҪҵĿռֻëëꡣ
Կ䣬ĿռŨȱͷǳߣϿռԴ֮һ֪ʲôʱʼǧ֦ʱշ϶ڣܹӻ籩ȡ
ĵԶԶȲȡٶȡ
˵ϸĿռֱںһ磬ռӵλ֮λ֮ԴԴϲıԴ
˵Ǳеĵģ˵Լһǡ
У֮ǰǽȥĿռ䣬ЩĿռƿǣʱǾܰժˡǱЦе
ռ˷ѵЩһеʹ
ǰɣ
۾ԲˣǹӶͯɣ
˼ҹӶͯٻ㹤ǮأǱȻûиǮ˼
ȻȻԴ뷨ֻһˣ۾һӾˡ
Ҷû뵽һ㡣սָ㣬²ЩҲϰܹƿˡʱ򣬶˼ٸ֣ȥİ꣬ռ˷Ѻܶࡣ
Щ塣
ȴǲ֪ҲǱѰժС£Ǳǻ治Ϊ
Ǳһߣͽ˿ռ䣬յؿһѵ
Ȼſţֺ񡭡в
ʲô£

Щ۵ؽһ˳ĺڡ
ôӦŽԼռģȺС쵰ȻɻʱܸҵʱҲܸ
Լ˵ǿѹסǣȻֿɲһʮСʱڿռ俴ǡˣ͵ÿνռ䶼Ҫһ׼ȥǸȫµ˶ħС
˭֪ЩС쵰ָʲô¡
һ߽պãһߺʵЩСһˣ
޾ɵһȺ쵰һͷ׵Ļ֪ռĻˣǿ̶ͨʮٱӳ̶Ҳͨʮٱ
һ飬Ҫǲˣͳһ١
Ѿˡ̧ͷ֪´λҡ

˵ˣ£Ҳұ֤
ˣ֮ǰ˵Ǹܷôˣæתƻʵ
Щ꣬ռзѾﵽ˽ǧҪĳͬˣֻϼȴͷһ
ǱҲǳġ
Ϊͽ弫ΪʵʵĸλΪû´ĻӦĳá
Ҳ˾񣬡ҹһ£аƿˡֹˣмǴС˵ûпǽ
ģ۾
ͷЩҲЩĹɡ
Խǽ굮µٶȾԽ죬ѹ£ЩλѾˣǵλϼиѵͽö
һռзһʼǰһ࣬ųֺʱ꣬ųһſܵ
ûв´ĻԽ棬λļʻԽߡ
ʱ򣬱˵½Ҳϡ档
-

943 ڷ

꣬һƬ٣Ǳ߾͡Ľʺˡ
Ҫˣ۾ɴˡ
˵ͷô˵ġ
ҧԣбµҫ
˵ǣݵ裬Ҳ̲סЩᡣ
ģˣҲǽ򣬶ûǱߵϢʵѾˡ
ȻˣأڰολüǱѾӦ꣬Ҳܽ뵰Ŀռ䡣ʱҲС롣
֮Уߵģл뵰Ҳġ
һʱǣܹȥġ
϶ԣ巴ģȡʤ˵Ҳͼˣʱǵȵġ
껹ʣ꣬Ǳ˾Ϳʼס
ףһ㶣ȻӴмҳʲô
ƬǷǳӲģΪ׷ǿƬƬһס
ʵҲһǿƬķʽ˵ףʵ֮ͱƬںϣʧ١
һʱ򣬳ͻΪ׼õһδҪƬ
Ψһ󷽵ʱˡ
ˣȱ̴һϵʬ嶼ˣ״
ԴˣǱȴ׼
һЩڵƬԲȱסذο
ҲˣûǧƬɻ˵Ƭ¾Դڴˡ
ʵϣ˵һδף󶼻ԼƬס
ˣԽ壬ƬԽӲⲻĳɳǿҲһġ
ûоܾȻ˵һ£һָǸġ
Ҿ˾ˣһ㶣ĸǰļ䣬Ȼ֪Լľ˾ˡ
ͷҲ鿴ˣһܴĽʯ
ʯ
һ㶣ʯ˵ʵĻʯ
Ȼḯ࣬ǰĳЩķ֮󣬾пݱɻʯֻʯ֮Ϊʯ
ʯǽǽĻʯ
սһԽ͵һʯ
ʯôڷ壿ɵɵʵ
ȻŶ漸ܿ뵽ˡ
ɲǴһʼѵģҲйԵʱ
нʯʲôϡģȻûнʯȴʯ
˵£ǲһ˵Щ´Ҷһ£̨һ¡
˵ôء
ʯⶫҲֻܹ֮ˣɵĽѽʯ̰ҲС
䣬ⶫδʱղЧģգûкôôȴޣ汻˾Щˡ
ž׼ǸܰѶ¡
֪Ĺ˾ʯ
ǺöڳǰʯˣһǿȾܳѰʱ͸ߡ
Ǳｫ˸ѪͷȻǱȴҲһʡ
˵ʲô˵Ļ㱨ιȥ
ͷ󺹵˵зһͷڷ
ɫѾָ˵ȴڲ
ôܣ
ѷǽİ·˪⺢ٲҲôǺڷ
ȻڷͺѰı֣ʷҲûгֹԺͽĺڷҲֹͬͰ׷һСĺڷ
ȻѵĶӡ
ҪǣڷΪ֣ױ
ǺӡΣʵ
ĬƬ̺űҪһЩ
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˱ۣڵȥһ壬˵һ£λҪһЩõϵ
ڹȥڷڶزۣ˵ϡڡ
񡭡ҲֻܼϣŮĿռˡ
˵µûѣ涼ѣܹæĵطȻҪˡ
һѵ裬һߣǱ˵ڷ¡
ûɫˣû뵽ʱȻһͷڷظ̾
Ǻڷ׶༪١ҡҡͷеļأһΪ˽ĸһֱڶȪС
ȪǶڿҲˡ
Ҳ˵£Ȼһɲ֮䣬о˸Ӧ
-

944 ۶

ǡ
һ̧ͷ
γһֱûиӦϢϢΪûŹʧһʱ䣬
ⱲӵľϢԼС
ǵЦһӱ˵ʹ
֪ЦΪֻɵһ۵ɱܴмӰ죬񲻱˺붼̵ѣǺãҲáͬǲãҲòȥ
֪ˣҲ⣬ǿʼϢǺڷôˣ
̫á̾˿˵շʱ۾һдʱ䴦ڻ˯У֮󣬵Ǻ࣬Ѿ۾ˡ
ôҵ
һ㶣ҿռﻹвٺöǲǸǱһЩȥɲ˻û棬Ϣزˡ
ʲôöһʱûӦ
ָǿɶˣȪҺⶫв٣ЩʯʲôġһЩҲвٺöҪĻҲܹŪһЩ
˿ڿˮȴֵզͻȻˣ
ôöĶƭ˵ģϾ
СǱȴǶǿռֿţΪϲҲ޴֡
ˣҲֻð˼ˡ
ҲɻúܣԼ֪Լ£壬Ҳ塣
ʲôʱôˣ
Ҫ֪֮ǰɴû߹ռﻹЩö
ǾûҪķǾ߼߼ˡ
̾˿˭Ǻڷҵء
ӴмУִ֪ڵģˣΪ˱Ժ鷳ҲΪ˱Ϣǰزۣ²ûıҪ
һʧſŵľʯˤ͵̧ͷһŵ˵ģڸҿЦ
ͷ˵ͷڷʱҾиӦˣӦò
һһף¡ɲһǺ°
Ƿ˺뻹ã塭ǰҲ£˫ڷԣȻΪܳ죬֮һԹżޡ
ǲమమǽġ
ʱˣ⺢ӡ
ҲǸרһİǶ֪µ飬Ҳųˡ
ǰҲƵרһȻЩСоͻֳ쳣˵ɣ֮嶼ЩһӸ侲СͲƤǴСԺǰصֲ
ƿԺıֿȫǵ͵Ƣ
Ǳ̫ô˵ԺҪ壿
ûн׵ϰߵģҶ¶ˮޣʱܻʽһ׸ûҪǾͲһˡ
ͷ壬׺һǴ԰ᵽԵס
ǴԵĵλԵͣԵĹԱȴԸߣ壬ϰԸݴԡǰҲй԰ᵽԵסģǷѸԷͻ˺ܶѪ¼ҲĬϽ׺԰ᵽǺͬסˡ
ɶǲ޵壬˼ҳƺҲǽֻǽ᲻ףӰߣʱļʺ͵·˵ļһߵġ
սĹעȴ̫һǲģʵЩ룬Բ󡣽ǶǺڷǽ£˵
ͷڷｫƱػɳһͷǿƶ
˵ĻƱҪͷڷˡǱ
˸ۣǲˣͬģ
һȻ¶Ȼ
ˣΪʲôǺڷﶼǱҪȵġ
ǱĨ˰ȽѶãԳȥ⣬Ҳ̸һ̸
ȻȷǺڷǱףҪ÷иףõʱԴѺúһͷǿǱɸˡ
ʵȥҲУȻ󲿷ʱףʱʱҪһ£ԻԼɡ
Ǳ߶ܿ죬һѵĺöǱ
ǱһߣЩȻܿռȥСˡ
쿴ҵһöûЪأһ۵ɤԶԶˡ
ǼֱǴо
˵һ˵ҵöʱʲô
ˣץһѸճӥȻһϿȵӥ׷ŭ𣬺һս
һֳָʲô۶ӣ
ɫһ
˵̫ͨῴɫСͬ⣬ûɫãͰͰ͵ذһ͵ǰ
-

945 

Ѿ㷢ŭצŵĶʱסˣʲô
ͼצһСɫΪļỹڲΡΡĶš
һ˷ܵ㳢ⶫɺóˣ㣬˻쬵ģر
ⶫҵģǲȿռȻԼûĶֻǺʵ
Ŀռ൱һ磬ᾪϳһ
ںסҸһ𵽺棬ⶫں׵һѺ棬Χкܶ͵ĺзػǣǴˡ
ǱȽϹˣⶫ軹Ҫãȥ֮󣬸оϴһ飬Խˡ
ļƼûƴǣһھͽ̴ɫȥ
˵ģֹζرã֮Щ񱡺ɣоһִڵˬ
ңҲȷʵڵһ
ⶫ𣿡˼ʵ
ࡣ˺þãҲֻҵһĺ壬ĿǰǴµҲ١
ʵȷⶫôȻģĳֺ
ӦشǷЩһ͸ϺӴСͨƽʱſ档ǹ۲ˣǷڳġ
Ǿͺá鿴һĳٶȣԺڽָҡ
ģ۾ˡ
дм䣬֪ĵط˽еĿռ䣬ˣҲȡһЩȴǲҹֵġ
ȻǷֵģһʼһЩ֪ⶫжѵãȴûһֱǵġ
һ嶼زƣᱻռˣЩδտռɳѾռıˣٶģȴǹˡ
ҪǣǺצǱ˵ϾûƣǳҲԲĶ֡
ˣԸعء
˭뵽Ȼ֮ϲ
ʵ̫ˣҪļƨȻⷽʵû츳˰Ҳֻ˵ôһɰͰ͵Ļ
û뵽ô˷ܣײ壬ȻҲ屾Ӱ죬̰ģĳЩʱֻع鱾ԣô
ڡ
ⶫĺôԶ׼ûа׷Ųõĵ
ˣ֮⣬ǿյʱȥңҵĵطͺˡ
æͷ֪㲻˵Ҳȥҡ
ˣ⼸ûƿǣʵ
ûСмӦҪƿˣҲͼµĹ򡣡
ȻǵһƿǵΪһƿǵ˵ǵͷͷܶ鶼ڸ
ȻʱҲͷ
Ҳ֪Ǽпܻһÿÿ뵽ˣ̲סЩ⧡
ǸӣҲϲּȨζ
ԺܻнƿǣԼȨҲⲻ̫ʱ䣬ָˡ
߱ͣҲͲצĽ
ԼֻҪĴȣԶڲ֮ˣ
Ǳе֪µ£һӦǸˡԼŮ²ǷˣԺҲᵽס
Ȼܿ죬ɫѿˡ
Ҳ뵽ˣŮ尡ϣŮټıƷ
ˣŮԺӡ
зԨǵǺѵĺӡ˱ר飬¾͸ˣȻ̯һ¡
·Ѿһѡ
ֻǲ룬ĵһҪ취ΪڷķԨȹڡ
ɫزۣһȹڣͲõزˡ
ǱЩȴǷԨҪġ
ˣҲû˵ҲҪŮĶŮǷԨ¡
֮Ǳ˵ǶڷԨǱĲ²⡣
һ㶣һֱڵķԨܲ˳һʱ䵹ûⷽ
ˡ
˵ˣǱҲûٶ˵
ǷĽԼõ飬ȻҲ뵽Լ׸ԡ
֪һգգضǰ
ѾѺۣŲöãͻˡ
Ȼǵһֻצ̽˳
һȺѾ
צĶŵ˻ȥʾǰðΣƺʶǰȫģż֮ǰƿǡ
-

946 Ѫ

Ȼȵƿǻûü¶Цݣʹסˡ
ͼƿĵУǲֹһС
ֻһСŻãֻϸһЩһСһϢģ
ˣһ˫Ƶ
̥ǲһģŮӻ˫̥ͨ׳̥
˫ƵܶƿǶѣɹƿˣΪ㣬̼ƿǵʱû⣬ʮҲкܴزۡ
˵ǰһСԲ
ô죿Ҫ޳ˡ
عһѶͷĺ⿴ţǳ˵ǣͰǷŵȪȥȥ常ǡ
֪ˡӦ
ҴҴӿռгҵˣҿռƿˣСһҪˡ
ǰ仰ϲðЩЦ⣬ΪĻɫѿ
˫ɴ۾
˵ͷϽ⣬ʲôز۰
˶٣ˣʲô취𣿡
УȻа취˵ţֱԼצӰǿһӡ
ɫѪҺóһֻʵĴװһ裬ݸϽȥС档
ɵˣȷ
ȷЩƲȵȣȥǣѪá
˵ţѾʧӰˡ
ҵ飬Ŵ׾ͽ˿ռ䣬С˽ȥ
ûףԭһϢСݽȥûһ۾ʱ˿ʵǽʲô֣
֪ΪСЩԹĸ׵ȡһֵ֣˵ĸȡҲǴġ
һ㶣û뵽״
Ǹĸ˭ʵ
ҸսĸСش
ӶҪԲˣ˵˭
СЩظһ飬дм䣬Ȼ֪Լĸеĳϡ
֪ذϢܰסæܳȥϢˡ
ǡʱսĹϢķӦȴЩͬ
Ǿϲдŵǣսһ±ơ
ðΣתͷʲôʱ˸
Ҫ˵ǱҲ氡
ɫһҲ֪ĵǶʱֲֻһ
ǡսκʲôʱһ
ʲô˼
ڳһԡ
ȴһˣ˺ϻĶҸĶ
ǡΪǸҳ˽ҩս۾
ɵϻĽҩ˸۵˵˯һܽ飬Ҹķȥʲӽҩ
սʱ
Ц
ǱһڵǱסСľʱһŰɡ
Ȼ˸ϣ£Ҳûϡ
Ҫ£ǱסС
ȵȣڣսǲȸ֣սͲ˵ˣֵܲøְɣ
ս۾ԲˣһʧһԽ𣿡
ǡƤЦⲻЦҡͷ
Ѳ廹Ůˣ
̾˿ҵõ
ͽ԰ɡսڵ
һ㶣֡ôǶԣ
ͬƾʲôȡְ
սһȡˣȡҸ֡
Ȼⷽ棬治ó
Ǿ԰ɡʵãƲ
ΪСӣǱǶĹ
СѪܶϣȻѪҺԴȪˣǱǲϷѪʱҲڲ취Ѫ
⼸鿴˴м䣬ǲµʲôˡ
壬ƿǵ˫׺ͳͻȥɱȡѪȻƵҲɱȡѪ
룬Ҳ͵͵ɱһֻ
ˣֲ⣬ȻֻܷԼѪˡ
ֻܹǵѪӦСЩǺ
ϾСҪѪһ죬ҲҪһꡣ
ȴ룬ǱڵýмϻƳɽˡ
һ廹Ľ
ûˡؿڵʮ
͵г˯⣬ðǽˡ
ҲҺнռЩöţԭǻ治һ¶ĴѪ
-

947 


һֱǳãϻ˰˰Σͷˣ˭鶼ð
ȻĹ˵ΣҲȥ
ʵϣãҲãû鲻õġ
ãһΪ뿪ĹˣΪҲܽռʶһˣʱ꣬ռкüпܷ
ۺЩ겻ӵͲϽĹء
Ƿ壬żŮһˡ
Ҫ˵˭⣬ǻеġ
ǱˣǷԨ
ԨԳ֪Լи£һʼԴ˻ûʲô룬Ϊ֪Լܻ֮ţȫǶԷĸԴΪм
Ȼȵˣִ߳пͬ飬ʶ⡣
Լ¿尡
м˺ü飬ط֣ǸС
ɫ̰ġԵ
ãǰ
ȻвûǼʵ̫СˣʵڲҶԼôˡ
ԨǵĶԷĳ죬ǡܵܲİ
ôˣڷδ޵£͢ʱ򣬾ͼԨſͩϣһ޾ɵģ
Ԩбһۣôй
͢˾ˣԴһֱչˡˣԨĵǣ˲֪ȴġ
ⲻǵ⡭͢Щڵؿ˼ڵһ¡
ʲôԨ⡣
Ƿ岻ҲкΪµķ𣿡˶٣͢ȻȽ١
ԨȤʲôˣ
͢ЩˣķǸвͬģе̰ʣһһеûڲ٣ΪµԶһԡǣʵеκһ֡
֣Ԩ˫һȻӺݹԼ˵ķ̬֮
͢СˣǣǡʵǷر󣬶һ㲻ǣǲŻĶ⡣
Ԩס׻С˺һ˷͢˼Щ͵ԡ˼ǣ
ҵ˼ǣµӦážûˡ͢ڵ
Ԩɫ죬漴ЩѵǷǷ涼̫У
˵ʲô͢ˣ۾Ҷ˵ˣǷرߣǷ˱ȽԲŻᣬŻᡭӦ󡣡
Ԩû꣬ǷҲûо飬͢ĻûʲôĸܣֻЩûס
Ͼû飬Ҳ֪ԼǷǲ츳
ҪǵĻãҪǡҲûʲô취
˾ˣ֪ʲô취Ƿ𣿡Ԩʵ
ʵ̹̹͢ȴЩȣСˣвƫһԡ
Ԩ¶ɣƫƭ˵İɣ
㰮Ųš͢۵
ҡԣԨɵ
굱գڶ棬չ壬֮ԭĴСһ˸߿ա
ܹɱôСЩΪһֱϰ߽ԭͱСָܹΣò˵Ǻ泩ġ
ȴǿˡ
úúáô󣡡
ԭԭѾô𣿡
мصнҪɣ

ؼҲĿɿڴǲµӦòСȴû뵽ܴز̧ۿȥͼμռ˰Ƭա
֪ʱڸ߿ɫʱʱػڽɫϣȴͬǷֺҲ˲
ǡɴ۾Ҫˣ
ˣһĿƵؿš
ȻϰԭͣҲҪںܶʱζҪԭͷ㣬Ҳڲټ
ȻûһᣬԽԽСɲ׵ĴСȻʼŤ졣
һӵĹ򣬾ͱһθĕiŮӡ
òֻвͬºʹ׿ţӺݰ
ȻĸϵѪͳǷĹϵòͷںϣĴȴͶŮĶĿš
ǱЦü̴°Ǹޱһģһ
ЩȻһǺڷ
ʵϣβǺڷģĻǽ𷢽һ֧ǺڷΪǺģҲǽ𷢽ġ
ȻʵǴĺڷķЩϣͬȾϵһ㣬һĺء
-

948 

Ĺзɳʱ򣬼һ˲䣬ƾͽչڣ䣬¡صƴ϶¡
Ǳصɫͬʱ
ʲô
ȴЩմĹǸо͸ͷŵķһҪ༤ж༤Ҫ೩ж೩졣
ǣǰ·һĿֲ棬ûеӣ˷
Ƴ쳹أƽɫľŸ߿ճȥЮη֮ƣ·һ춼˿
ǳٳûܺ£Ʋ㣬Ǳ˲Ŀɿڴ
ǺЩƲ㿴ֻͨͨƲ㣬ʵǣƣǲܴƵġ
Ʋг˼Ȧδ䵽档
ʱ̧ͷȥѾգиոյƹ
䵽棬ͱΣܵȺʵ𣿡
ûȡصͷ
ȻǹȣʵںϣһƬȺģֻ߽˾ͻֵᷢϴݲȴдվɽڡ
ɽϣкܶ
һԽ͵ȲأɽǻȻγصġĿ޴ڣҲֻУǲȫⱻӡ
˶٣ͷȱãһЩȻŨˡ
һֱŨĹУ»ἫΪʡûа취ģȴ취ڵŨȡ
˯ʱһЩ
ǱڵʵҲһҪԼ䣬вٿõԿһԼһ¾ͳˡ
ԺٿҴȥͩһˡ

ûзӦͼѾԭͷ˳ȥ
ȥʲôð죬زŷӦһõѲȥ壿
ȥ廹ǺõġǱɫѿ
һ㶣ȥ˭
˽иڷδˣ˸۵
ǡص۾СӲǻû𣿾һëʲôÿģ
սƳһ۵֪ʲôЩˣ²ܱΣҲһһṴˡ
˵˶ʵһֱͣԵȻÿ̵ķίʵĲˡǷ壬һƯ˵䵭һӽ磬ˡ
ȻĴ飬ֻܿŷˮһëմϡ
żгɵģҲԷճ
ս̾˿ȥιһĿռġ
԰Ҷ׼˼񡣡ʧ
Ȼûȥ֣ͩΪмĴڣһ㶼û·˳˳ҵͩ֡
ĺ￴һİĽһ£Ȼʱ䣬µλݣæ崫
תνԼݺ˵֮󣬷Ѿϵˡ
ڼؿŸԼҽݡ
ʱҲΣգգۣ˺ðϳǰλоԼΨһ׾˾ˡ
û취˭÷Ƿޱ׵ܣмУķλǽ֮ģڣնڶʢʱڣȫǽһ绪
˾ˣһҲŤغ
屻ĶˣԼŮԼ裬ȫȻû˹ǡ
մĹǰһɫʵûΪ𣿡
Դһ¡
岻֪ʲôҲˣȻǹԨģ
ıԻˣԼŮҲ塣
˵ͷڷ𣿡
ûʲôġ忴һۣ̲ס̾úøԨദǺȻ࣬ȴΪᡣ
ʵкܶ໰˵׻˻ȥ
Ůͷһؼλ֪ǸԷģ˵ٶ඼ûУǣ˵˾Ƕһ١
ˣЩǲ˵Ϊá
յԨǱ߾յϢˡ
⾪֮࣬ЩˡԷһĹԼȻԼΪӡ
Ȼ˹ȴ̲סˡ
ƫޣëȴǺģƫƫûгܱ꣬Ρ
᲻᲻ϲ
ĵǣ͢һ⡭Ҫһ㣿
ʵ壬ǷҲƫޡԨԭͣҲۡ
Ԩ뻹ҡͷˣῴġ
̲͢סëҪëȻŲȴر˳һϲ
-

949 

ԨһŽɣ˵ģ
ԼûԼëʵҲûϾȫëû
ˡ͢˵⻰ʱĽëָĺãҲ֪ǺڷﶼֻҲϲëϧСʱûз˵ȴǲ̫ˡ
Ԩʱˣҵʱҵë
˵ĹѾһͷ˹
Ŀһʱ䵽ԨϣȻɱ¶֮ɫ
ԨᱣԭͣΪ˲ѿ⽫ԭСࡣ
ˣ￴ҲһСɽ
˵ζΪǺڷҲ⡣
ɫëÿȴô
ǰͬʯһľһ㣬ȻдӺݺ
Ǽѧ𺳡
۾ͷԨΣһҲſϣ̾
ԨˣΣȻһɫǺģ
ϵһҲҶ¶Էò
ʵûԷεģˣҲڲȸԾ·ɳĮд˱ĺˮ·ҹпҫ۵Ĺ⡣
޷һ˲ãֻ֪ԼΪ֮
ǸãԨ̲סС
һֱԵķ͢һۣȻС˯ˡ
˶٣ʣҪҰ𣿡
ԨæҡͷС˯ɡ
Ȼһ˯˯һ£ԨҲάƣһµĴ档
۾ʱֻˬ˵
Ȼ˰ģǰʲôʱЩ˼
㻹ðɣվԨǰЩûﲻ
֪Լ˯һ£Ҳ֪Լ˯ʱӦò̡
Ԩҡͷֲūһ²ܵʲôӰ졣
˯һ£Ŀɿڴ
ԨͷʵҪͩס𣿡
һ㶣ΪʲôҪס֣ͩ
Ԩɿ쿴һۣڵסÿ춼˯ϡ
ĶȻ
룬׻ҡͷǲˣҵûȥҪǱǷǵ
Ԩʧѣԭ߰Դɴȥһ޾ɵӡ
ˣڨڨԺᾭģסҵȥ
ȻûԼ˵⻰һҲ顣
ԨҡҡͷҲ뿪֣ͩ͸ǰ뿪Ĺһ
ʱʧ
̲סЩգԺһ𣬵׸סĶ
Ԩ϶ϲֵͩģ˷ͩܣ⻰˵ٵģⱲΪܱӰ죬ǼΪϲˮġ
ȻĻӦöϲʪĻ
ôһסĶ֮ƺвСķ磿
ڷգǷԨڵ뿴ֵͩȫò𣿡
ڣȻɨӣͷҪ
ԨЦˣ㵽ұ
һȻ˼ֵߵߵıϡ
ȷˣԨչԽԽߣֱͻֵͩķΧڴ˹УҲԽԽһڸжûС
ۡƯŵвȻĿ֣̲ͩס̾
ҴȥʥͩԨ
νʥͩͩĸ޴ľϣɫĹʵۣɫĻѩƬһ֦ͷ
ǼΪġ
̲ס̾Ҳ̫ˡ
ǵĶС治ٷ˶ˡ
ǡԨ
ö˶˵ģô£
û˵δ޹ˣδء

ֻۣͨȴͷˣ䡭
һ۶λλһ͵ԨСأϲȻֻˡ
λΪģ⡭ǱǼǷ岻ԹҪ˵ģǣǼŽ뵰ŵĿռС
˵úز޵Ƿ˾ϲţ˽ȴ˭Ṵ
˵㣬Ԩɻû꣡
Բ侲һ㣬˵˺Ͳˡ
һ˵ûѽµ⣿
ͷһʹ˽Ҳҽĺӣ
ҲǷˣ
˿ҪˣǱæڵˣˣȰйɡ
-

950 ι

йʱ򣬻Щ⡣û湻أԨ˵ˣҪȥġ˵һַǳƯ㣬ֻҪƯˣͻ᳤Ӻзɳ
Ǻ漫ˣϧûü
ԨΪδ겻ܻεĹϵ޷ǰſڶڵ֦ϡ
常ǱôˣǱأһȡ
һ˵㻹˵أ㶼˶೤ʱˣܲ𣿡
Щ飬ֱܿ׳ǲ˯Ҿ˯һ£ܱһá
⻰ǻû취
Ǳɴʵʲôʱȥ
ķԨ⻰ʱˡ
ҲЩᣬ֪Լֻͩ治ʣԥµ׻ǵҸǻȥһˡ
˼Ȼǲôˡ
ԣǱҲû϶Ѿӵˡ
ԨԴһӾʹȥһӡ
ʱҲѾλĴڡȻ֪ǵݣֻԷ׷ģͲµλӦ
һȻû´˵ǵ⣬Ƭ̣պ֣ͩǲȽĵתƵռȥ
һʵռ𣿡
ʣ²ٸ˶٣ٸȽϾԶģʮܷͽ
Уٸ˸ļ顣
ԣ֪غǱãǶ𾪡
迴һۣڵһ֮룬Ŀռ˽룬֪ɷǽιһ£
Ǳضʱɴ۾ƾʲôǶûأ
ǲ̫صͷû⡣Դ׼
˵Щ꣬ѾռЩײһ飬ռûʲôܼ˵ĵط
˻֣һ̣һ붼ԼڵĵطѾˡ
ǵĵһо𾪣Ũʵ̫ˣǴмеԶʱڣŨȶûô߹
֪ʵЩԤϣһʱ䶼˿ˡ
ȵǰĻ棬Ǿ͸ˡ
ǰķ羰жôˣǡʱŷ֣ԼƺһȺΧˣ
Ǳأ֮̾˷
бҸ
һǲ㼤ᡣ
ˣһյַ·һȥĴƺʷĿһƬš
һʼΪͻȻĵһȿһ
˭
ǵ˫أ㲻˵Ǻܿܿǵĸĸ𣿡
ǲܳȥˣ
ôóʱûˣ

һʱ֮䣬üͷֻ޲ýǰеһ١
Ǳǰһ̻˷ţһĻɱӡ
̿ɰʱǿɰѲʱҲѲ̡
Ƿ⣬ɫ֡
ȺоȻʮһɫɶˡ
˵ɫһٵģȻʮȴһӳǶ塣
˺ô󹦷ŽһȺߣȻżλǰȥιۡ
ռȫòûι۹һʱģʱ϶ҲֻҪдԵĵطؽһ¾ˡ
籾ֵĵطȥһ¡
ռİԷǳǿҲúܺãЩ˶۵иϡҩ𾪡
ȻǳԾȴǼˣռоȻвٿյء
ɻ̾˿û취ôͶæ
ǱüЩ͵ˣ
ǵûСһεҲܳǸɻɣ˵ֶҲû壬Ͼɲ
Ǳʱ⻹ǣϾЩÿ궼Ҫʣռеûȫժ
ǵȿԼѡʺϷŷ˵뵰ĵط
Դ뷨ֱӵո·Ǵɽ˵ϲůĵط
õλãµ뷨Ҳɽ޷гĵط
λҲǱһ˵ҪڿռѰһܶ뵰
λѡ֮ˡ
ڿռԺ϶ǻģʱ˭չˣ
˵Ҳ֪ЩҲֻܸһзõȥһ񣬶ҲίʵûôӦЩ̡
-

951 

ȻЩչ˾ˣȴίʵ鷳
˵Ǻû꣬ҲܽĿռ䣬ֻܶչˡԺ󡭡϶רչЩ̡
Ƕ岻ô鷳˽ȥչˡͲ֪᲻ˡ
ҲҪ˵ء
常ǱǿǲЩչЩܲԺչǰɣ
ҪҪġǱҪչջô˷ʵǿϧˡ
Ҳ˵Щû˲ժḯãҩҲ޵ģǧĲûУֻһ֣öҩʮһѾǼˣǵʱ޲ȥɣǾֻܿήˡ
˵ҩݲԽԽõģʱҩ̫ǿҲǺ£ǡĲõġ
ˣݸߵҩȻãҩĵҩҲͬкܴг
üͷǼˣǧ࣬վɲժ
ʵϣ÷Щ϶ܹɵùģһڷϼΪи÷Ļĵ϶Ҳࡣ
ʵ̫ģȻǱǲôġ
ԼҲ˽ģռ䵽˽˵ģɴûй׳ȥĴ㡣
̫ˣҲʱ˴һὫһΪȻ
ֻǿռеˣԭõũûȴû취ˡ
ũû˵Դٻгͻ׳ϲ˵ҲٻӰ
ǱҲüͷ˵УԼǲܽȥժġ
һΪԺĴսһҪΪ룬ЩҲҪ˯İ
һԵȴ۾һǶҲܰæģ˳Ժе̷ˣҲ˳չһ
һ漴µ˶Է˵Եɡ
ʵϣ֪ԼǲӦṩģҲˡ
ʵһϵƣҴҶҪǹƽףԷҲòȼֵƷ
زūҲ
ΪԼռЩԴĴսǵʤܹߺܶࡣ
ţڵȻû⣬ֻǡ
Ŀɨڳеʵ֮ռＴ˷ҲûйϵֻҪþˡ
ʵϣÿռ˷ѵջˣҲò겻𣿡
ԣλˡ
ǱΪĻһѪǣȴǾôˡ
˼ȻǴ㽫塢һͬʵġ
Ҫ֪֮ǰʵǺܵڽԴǹģϾԷ塣ǾҪ̰ˣֻЩԴʵҪʵϣǶѾöˡҲȫòϵĶ
Ĳ˵ĹҲзĹĹȫǱǷ˺ѵ⣿浽򲻵ѵʱҲֻȱʬ廻ȡԴˡ
ֻڽĴսУǲŻиʤ㡣
ȴ룬󷽡
имȴ֪θ֮ֻ¶ģûرȽսʤȥ磬Ǳض㾡ȫرԷ
ڰռ£ǾԲɵġ
ֲûڲٵ壡
ֿڵ֮ǰջﶼҺһȺ̣ޣ޷Ƕ塣ҵĿռܽˣԺʲôҪֱӽռջֻҪһµǼǾˡһ㣬ǧܶԿռκƻΪ֮ҪȸҴһ롣
ֿǱأûдǶϵۣ̾˿ԺҲؿⴢԴˣطʽٵõٻǻʧġһЩ׵֮Ѱȫȡá
ǱЩص֪ˡӶթöءȻ϶ȵõ٣СҲⰡ
жö֮󣬷̱ȥ˵תƵ˿ռУصصһǧͷ˽Ŀռ䣬ժͬʱտ˵
֮ǰһӡ
Ҹ׼ĳͷڶ࣬ҲԼ׳ˡָ֯սۣõĸ׵ķʱϣԵʱһ㱣
۾ˣӴмпԼĸ׵ëɲһĻ
˶ûʲôرӦҲĽ
ΨзԨˡ
һֱڻܷ𣬴㽫Լë֯һս۵˵
-

952 ū

÷֯սǷǳģֻսȻҲ˭ܴġ
Ѫ󣬻¶ǱԴԣ˵ķȻҲġ
ܴսۣΪսõǷޱķ𣬶ǷޱŮ
ޱķȻų
ˣͲ˵ˡ
ǷԨֲһˣ£ķɵսۣҲܴ
Ȼȴû뵽ԼǱȡ
ĸǽķģӦҪԼĸÿɡ
֪Ԩ뷨гȥſڷԨֺõȥ飬͹㣬ʱһ档
ȻԨֿ֣ܳͩͩɲСʱӦùˡ
ԨȻˣҲʱֱŤ˷ѱͲദʱ䡣
Ȼ뿪֣ͩȴȫſڡ
ۿż߳ȥͻȻһ¶ʵǷûū
νūʵū
磬Ƴ֮Ϊľȡռˡ
ȻϾҲ㣬ɵk͸֪еķһûκγ
ԣûκ
ҲΪˣµ࣬岢ûиϾɱǽ֮Ϊūչˡ
ܹ֮ٶΪıӻ
Ⲣ˵ǿίʵԳΪв
Ͼֻ뿪ǰ磬Ҫٵ硣
Ҫ磬ǵĹ磬ǻϣ뿪ܹú÷չġ
֮ǰҲ˽һûв
Ҫ˵ƣǲ˵϶Ȼʵ̫Σˣ᲻ǺȻֺ͹һˡ
οԺܶ鶼¶ǲ֪Щֲжģ֪ˮҪտܺȣ֪ʳ֪˸ơܶĳʶǶҪԼ
ĹУһͻᶪС
⣬֮⣬Σյ壬һЩѿ黹˵Ȼ࣬Ҳмȥ۸ǡһЩҰ޾Ͳ˵ˣǶǷǳ
ˣö࣬Ҳࡣ
ڹȥʮУѾüˣһ١Ϳټˡ
ڣΪıӻϹȥҲһЩ澭飬ǿֻȴûܳ
Ǳߣū㲻ϺãҲ㲻ϲҪūϴƬǸǵΪرܻЩʳڶ
ڷߵͲˡ
ҲеġԨһ㶣شֻǷ̫ϲūͩҹ䣬ǴһɽȣѰܳ
˵ͷʵūǷҪʲô
Ԩһϴë
⣬͵ż꽵䣬ǵëͻᱻʪȻ÷ɣ֮ëιһһءʱ򣬾ͻūë
˶٣Щ᲻˷ëֱӽūæá
ȻҲãҲãū𵽵ʵ΢΢
Ҳ֪ǱūǸʲôġһ档
֪ԨϲΪ飬Ƭ;ëСƫ붼ϲˮҲϲϴ裬ְɾϲūӺСˢӰϵ
Ȼֻеа룬¶ǽɰġ
Ѿ֪˵ʲôˡ
ūȤǷԨʵ
ش͵ūһһʵ޺ӣʵȺҲСϽթ
һĻֻʵΪʲôô˵
Ԩ򴽣֪ģǰȽ֮ǰұ˵չˣվΪѣʱ䶼ڻ˯ͨ£չҵĶҾ˾˷͢ż˾ΪҲ˲ңչҡ
˲˾˶ϸģë£ǶȥūЩū
ǹһĨЦҵԭ;޴ͬ峤һԿţЩūƺΪԶԷ壬˽Ҫ͵ҵķͬ峤˴ǾʸڷϣķȴƱ˵Ūĺ档
-

953 ط

ü
÷ԨȻᵽˡ顱Ӧòô򵥡
ȻԨҺ彡֮ϲֵͩϿշ衣һΣ·ūסɽȣ˸ɽͷȻһϷ
һԽΪһõĻҪɱԷøʤһֳαһ⣬Ȼһػȥˡ
һʱЩȻ£治ϡ档Ըӣʲô鶼óͬԵĹҲ˳Ծ
⻰ԷԨ˵Ȼǲʺϵġ
ϾۼΪʵ˵ٶ࣬ԨûҲȻ
ǻᵽģܷԨҪʱ䣬ǵ׻ǵִֵͩſڡ
ϷԨĶŮ鳤ⱲӵܵӰ죬ЩûûΣŷԨ˰֣͸Ǳǻϣԭ뿪ˡ
Ԩػ֮ﶼûü˵ڣӰѾʧˣȻ
һεѨԼͩȣѨķ羰ҪѷɫһЩҲޡ
ͬȵĴֵͩѤҫۣѨһ־֮
޴ĵܶУͷڹӨ׵ĸɫ°ˮɫˮݲţǸ־޴ĵ
ϲ̽ϲֹ֯һҲԼϲãϲ̡
˵κһֻŵǶǵ֮ĵ̴ҡ
Ⱥ֣ͩѨūҪһЩҡǵӺͦæġ
һ·ūµˢӸϵ
ҲǹĹϵūɫ;ȵūҪࡣ
ǸͻرȵĹϵ
ô룬ǰ洫
˵Ҳˣ
ѧһֱ׳԰׺ȵģ
˭׳԰׺ˣ˵Ҳ뿪ˣ
֪ߵغ뿪Ѩ㵱Լܻ죿
Ҫܣ
㵱Ҫ㣿ҪֶŮ˵뿪ҪԭɱҶû
ҪŪˣ˭뵱ֶŮˣ˭طˣԵʳãҲίòã
ԭŮ̿
ȴʱһ˽
˺ˣ¶ΪѰˣϲͲϲɣҲһ

ɴ۾
ʱ򣬾ǸӦý¶˿ڵҪ
ұ죡Ҹ㣬ǾԲӵģ붼룡Ļû˵꣬ͱˡ
ţ
ʱǸתһ䣬Ҳ
׷겻֪ӦǸ룬һŮӣһò㣬һȴ쳣
ǸŮӵ˫ۣһӾϳǰԷȻҲϳˣŭܵ˫Ŀһӱ˼ϲá
ֻʵڲʺϣ˶
һؿԵǱĻʲô˼û˵һ
֪ԸºͣĶǿ
Ǳͬһ⣬ֻܽɻĿ䵽λϡ
һεǸĺĶȽأֻǴҺĶһ衭Դ򵱳һΪһǸзһͷֵ֮ͿʼԼֽͬĺˡƺūȤҪ֪ϻ֣ƺĿꡣΪûа£ԴҶ
ڵЩ塣
˵ģָǻģӶĿϣһûлȨ
ԵȺ׳֮־ǿĻǲס·ŵϣǾͳ˾ԵĲܡ
ȻҲΪǾȫûҪ̣ˬͻˡ
ҲΪã治١
ֻҪǴǲϵġӣȻġ
Ŀ䵽˰ϣЩ޵Ư
ǱرûһūҲ˹ȥ׷ͬȷʵǸˡ
УּòҲǲġ
ҲôƯū𣿡ҵʱҲҪôƯū
Ǳһ㶣Ϊϸ£ȡûôƯū
̲סüͷ
һԵ迴ΪѣҲȻϲūʹȥɣ͵͸
дʾ֭Ҫرһһūǲġ
Ҳˣȫ˰ԸҲԸ
⣬ġ
-

954 ɷ

̲סڵҲʰ˵׼ȥء
˭֪ūūӹðĲѨǱȻȥȡ
ȻȴһҲӣֱӵ˭˵ģҿȥˣ
ӶɳˣҶǱߵūӿɲù
ȴǼǰסֵٲùҲû˱ӡ
ƵʲôʱˣҪǱĻڻǻƻŮ
⻰˵ʵڣȴһҲˣݵҪԺأɱ㻹㰡
ˣôˣ˺ӣԺһӵĿҶˡ
˸ۣϡ
һЦλС㲻øӣҾͰһӵĿ
һ˵һһƻݸ
ϴģԳԡ
ûиһھҧȥ
ðŨŨίöˣô۸ġ
Ƕ԰ٴ󷽣Ҳò԰ԼѰԲء
ʵ裬ڳ˶ЩǸƻ
ôõūԣūղҲ̫˷ˡ
£ȴǳ˶ˡ
ĵģΪǵͶ࣬Ϊһóϵа취뵰׳Ϊʯ
мž޵ѾЩʯˣֻά
̾Ϣž޵⼸ž޵ԶʱڵģΪܵˣܵڶûȫʯҲǷϴ󹦷ֻҲ⼸ž޵ܹļʷǳ͡Ҫǲ⣬⼸ž޵ԲŽȥ
Զʱڵ뵰
ڳһȻǵıΡ
ǻ᲻ڣ֮ԣ˵Ҳ֪üž޵ĲǷˡ
ֻǡ
Ǳü⼸뵰ʲô֮𣿡Ȼǻס⼸뵰
Ȼ˵ɣҲ֪ʱҪס⼸ŵʯҪѵҪ
˵Ҳ֪⼸ž޵֮
߱û֮⣬ˣֱӻش֪û˵Զʱڳһֻɷ롣
ɷ룿
һԺǱҲͷʺţһ˼
ôѵ֪ʲôǱ꣬һӱ㿴˶ߡ
һȷҺҴ˵һΣɷ롭˼壬ܹɷ롣ֻѰ෴ƢΪŭ
ġͷԶʱڣϾͳôһֻɷ룬ԵʡѾɿˡֻɷ뼫Ϊǿ󣬶⼸ž޵á֮þȫס⼸ž޵̶ܴǱŽϣܷһֻɷ롣
ڹȥɷȻأ˵ʵҪԻô󡣵ڡϾɷǴʱһֻɷ뵮ôɣսǻһλǿսѡ
ĻǶͬġ
С貹ܹշǷΪǵķģɷķ
ƽ۵׵һγɭ˵ãɷ﷭
ǱԼضһۣѾ˾
˵Ļ⼸뵰ȷʵȵļֵ
Ǻλ֮Է⼸뵰һΪ⼸ŵѣΪ⼸ŵǰٷ֮ٻɷģҲҪһ㣬Ҫ⼸ŵҪίʵһСĿ
ȴһҲûôԥ͵ֻ֮һļʣҲҪһԡ
ǶһۣЩЩԥ
Ҫǹһ񡭡迪ڵ
Ҳǳеʧܵķաһ
Ҫͷ嶼࣬˽뵰תĿռ֮ɳһǧֻռջԼչ̡
֮ǰ轫һž޴İɫʯ
ʲôһɻ
Ǳƺ²⣬ǼĽ
Ǿ۱ʯؿڵ۱һֻѨܹǰãһֻ۱棬㣬ľ۱ҲˣУһҲҲλľ۱滹Ծ
۱ʲôãȻԼĪܲµӵ;ȷһ
۱ƽͿʯΪʳÿһʱ䣬ͻ³һ󡣳֮⣬۱ͱﶼĸӦϲ̽Ӧܰ㡣һλش衣
-

955 

ŵֹأ۱ܴܳεʱȫԽʹá۱ٶȻȲǱҲҲǿǲʱĻΪԺϸġ
۾ˣⶫðֱǾӼбر
ֻǡ
ӣɵ۱泤ʲôģ
ΪŮӣԳȻ㲻Ϻ£϶ǲϲģһֻ
ͬΪŮԵһĹǣʱЦˡ
贵һڣһ̣һ绮ǰѾһֻ޴ĳӡ
˵ǳҲ̫׼ȷã۱ʵЫзһ࣬ͬżӲǣֻ̬Բģмֺ̬䡣
˾ȵǣ۱ǾȻõɫģ
һϲ۱涼ģ𣿡һҲ£ǳƯ
˵ͷֻϸЩ졣
˵ţָԼľ۱Ĵǵ㿴ҵľ۱津ϵҵģеľ۱津ϵԲ㣬Ҳебơơ
ˣǿž޴ʯʵʯҪܷ
ܼ򵥣ֻҪŵȪҺһҺоˡش
Щȣǻˮ
ֹˮ۱ΪȻˮ½նܹͨеġо۱Ȼûʲôǵķȴǿ󣬳һǿ֣˲˾۱档
۱ʱĵһ˾ǵˣһҪע⣬ɱ˽غˡô˵ţĿƳǱһۡ
⻰ָȻǱزûб粵Щ飿
ۣͻȻ뵽̰ơ
۱治ҲƫƫⶫɲܹĶ
ˣȵ۱ˣ治˵Щûڲٵ᲻ʲô
صһۣҪǸҸŲҰǵСⶼѹιˣʱǼ˾۱棬ҲаСĻᡣ
ͨ۱ҵʲôöһŹ
Ȼԣ⻰ǱԶЩ衣
ȥʱ򣬰ѾһȸԾصſˡ
ʲô
Щʲôôģ
ôҲ·϶ˡ
Ҫ˭ҪҭɤӵĶ

Ǹ¶ŮһԶŰȴһͷ
¶ȻҲΪ̬ˣȴһֱѹƢ
ó¶ĹİɿڵҪҪ˴ϣ
ˣӻһˡ
밬ûлش¶һֵҡͷҪѨúúõģҪȥȡ
ùû
ūȻԼıϣȻǱǲܴӦġ
󣬰Դצϡԭ֮󣬰צϼֱǴһƬϣܸˡ
˽ΪצϿɱˣٲô硣
ķٶȺ͸߶ȣǴķ治һĴҲһ䡣
ȣѡһԭУλڸߴٽһؿͰ˽ȥ
ʵûʲôΨһװξǸֱˡ
ĿȥܾһûУ̸ʣȴġ
ͣƬȴӲˣɵò
˵һ£ʱԭ͡
иҪͬסצͱһСպΪķ䡣
ٴ̴ղҳ˼Ƥ˽ȥһ򵥵Сұˡ
ȵֻʣˣҪαװ֣һϣۡ죬Һ氡Ȼһ㶼Ӳ
˵ţ°˰Ȼġ
ڣ۾㲻ӦҲɡ
ǲһûĻʲôҶᡣ
ϰˣԲÿɷ񣬿ʵǸ¶ô£
˽Ⱜһˣڱ˵ĹҲȻǡ
ûĻǸ´żֲϲġ
¶ֲǶ԰ӡ
ţⱲӵĸĸΪ˾ġΪҵĳĸ¶谮ԣΪûڡ꣬ΪĸƫĶһңԹ˳ȥ۵ҸĸΪ˾
֮ϴĸһûԭԣչҳ󣬶ҹذмӡ
ΪʲôҪԭҸĸûôۡ
-

956 ֹ

һû뵽оȻ顣
һر̰ˣ̰˶ĺã⡣Ⱳӵĸĸǳãǵ޷ͻ
ްοתƻ磬ô
ԣɫǷǳġ
Ŷôˣ¡
ûǴĻվϢ֮ǰ˵Ļ֮ԼӦþܽϢͰڵ֮ˡ
ˣ;ǵյ㡣
üͷǳǿѾܹ֮۵ĲΣȴˡ
˼ǣײܹۣ֮۾ˡ
˵ͷȴһסԲ֮֮ۡ
Ϊʲôˡ
Ϊ̫Сˡһţ磬ǿġۣ֮ΪҲǳ֮Ķǿ塣ǣ㽫ҪȦӣԣ̫Сˡ
һҪתʽ֮ۡ
ƶı飬Щɵתۣ֮Ҿܻñǿ壿
Щţܾ¡Щװ
ġȴһ϶һһΪġ
Ŀҫ۵Ĺâżִֵעõ顣
İһʱЩ˵
־ΥıˣԼ˵ĺ⣬ֳϡ
ȴģܰжĳޣ˺
ˣЦãġ
һ˲ЩᣬŤŤͷԼŵһ£Ҿ塢嶼㽫Ϊ飬ǺʺΪĴ塣
壿һ㶡
ͷ֮£κȺǲ뱻ѹҪıӻͬҲҪԼĴ壬ðǴһЩ顣Ǵ츳ܹ֮񣬱ܳΪĴ񡣡
˶٣ȻǴԭ϶һҪǿǾһ˵ˡ
ټ
˼ҽ巢չԼĴ壿ȴСǡ
д񡭡֮ɻϢú
û֮רŵĴԼΪĴ壬ܹ̳һԭʲܻǿĻᣬԭǿܸǿ󡣼֮ԨԴǾܾļʺܵ͡
Ժˣʱ˵ɡȻܳΪԼȴЩûס
ߵЩģʵʵһ£Щסˡ
Ҵȥ壬ȥҵĿռһʱ䣿ʰ
˲õԤУȥʲô
ȻҷԨˡ˵꣬Ȼˣ˸ˣԨǾϢ
ιȥ˵أôһҲȥҾϢ˼ҵˣԼαȡ
ȵȡ
Ϣתһֻˣ˵棬ϲɹЦݡ
ɵôˣ
㲻֪ЦϣϢûʱ̥һֻ˵˳ǶƱӻҪС˵ĲƷ
֮۶֪Ϣ䲻ϲˡҲ֪£ѰԶԶƵ
ôˣҪԺĴ壬Ϣ޷֮¿϶ʱʱܼˣʱ;ˡ
Űֲ֧ӣһʱЩ֪ʲôӦ
ԾϢ˽⣬Сˣ˵ǵ£¸ûнͶѡ
ôˣͲˣһʱɡ
󣬰ǾĿռһʱ䡣
ǾԲȵģ˼ӵĵˣҲþҵǡ
Ϊռ۸صؽһ˸ױҵľ
ȵ˷壬·ȥϴμԨǿͩǰȴ˸ա
Ԩأ
ò׷ĺ˲Ҫ˵ԨϿΡ
һ㶣Ƿ廹ҪϿΣмûⷽ鰡
شΣֹΡ
⣬͵ǰҲûֹεģҶԼûôʱˣǲķӡ˵ϿΣʵǻཻ飬һգҲ򷢴ʱ䣬ȥȥġ
˶٣ԨǰǲȥģҲͻȻʼȥ
-

957 鱦

˳ϲ֯ϲ鱦Ρ
ǰԨֻǰ߸Ȥǻ㹻ķһսۣȻ񱻷һ鱦ϡ
ȻһԸ棬ʵҲ
ڱǣΪǾ൱ǵǳҪڱȴΪעԼۣԼϳ˿
ΪʱͺͺԼǲģֲԸ⴩ͨ·Լо÷ս۵ķ
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ҲΪʲôԨᱻ𽶢ϵԵʡ
-

963 Ϣ

һ㶼ûԼĴ㣬ȻģԨҲŹˡ
֮ͺˣŶ˫Ŀ⣬ֻ޲ýԼ۾Ϲˡ
ûעЩĿ⣬ǹˣģû˵һ䣬ͻԭͳ˽ȥ
һʱ䣬¡
ֻˣµɲͨ꣬ЮŨŨԽԽ
ۼţƬ̵ĹɽȾͱˮС
ΪˮдЩëˮ͸һʱ䣬۶񣬷ɶɲ
Ϊ֮ǿ壬ԭӦ㲻ãȻΪצʩչķ걾˵Ϊëһ屾ͻᱻˮˣʩչܽëϵˮݺɸʱ
޴ĽɽǻһȦɽоͱ
ؿˣԷĿȴʼϣû˿ָ
ƾʲôǸŮôײУԷԨΪרķˣôϲһ׺ֻĵŮˡһ߳һ߲ŵ߶š
һԵǶҪõĻˡ
ʲôʱ㻹߶Щ鰮׵Ķӣתͷ񷢻͸ˣ㶢ϱķҲͰˣԨ£ӽˮ˻űˣȻȥ˽ǽţ
Ȳ˵˱ר飬ԨǾԲᱳѡġ
ּ˼ǨģǸҸ˯һΪŭ𣿡
ǲɷָģֳʶѵҪҸ𣿡
ϴͲףҲͷԨ´ûкһʶĻǵˣǶû˵
˼ûߣȻ㲻ǵİǲǣ

һԽŭ𶼷й˳ҲȥǸģתȥˡ
૵Ҿϲһۿʱϲˡ
ֻΪ˻ش𣬲һԵ׵ȴǷ˸۵ϲ˼Ҿ͵ϲ㣿㵱Լ˭үŮ𣿷Ԩ¼㲻£ҲǷˣôˣмϷ˵ģ
ǰҲ֪һûУ㡭
۵¶һЦݣĵһ𣿻ĵһǿߣ
˼ƾʲô㣿
շˣôҲȥվӡ
񶼿Ҫˣұᣬ꣬Ԩ
˰ɡһҪŻµı֮⣬ҸŮģܵ˵İ£ԸԸװһӵᣬһӵ꣬һӵ顣
˭᲻ԸⰡ
˭ϡǵˣ
˼ϡǿİºòã
絽ǿΪģʵʤеȾ
һһ˵ûǱͷԨȴû﷢С¡
ӻ־ˡ
˵ҸһϵûУǵԼһˣ㶼۵ô࡭ȥ·ϣԨѵñԹ
ƳһۣͻȻô໰ǲˣ
Ԩһ漴Цõ˵ʲôⲻǱߵ£ڻûнɣ
֪ģûûΣʵθС뵰ǡǡΡ
ˣֹλڳ£ͬڳ
ˡҡҡͷҪɷЯͺˡ
Żصȣȴָ֪һϢ
ˣɴ۾ôˣ
Ҳһأ⴦ȴЩ⣬ĿרŸеĴõġʱڵʧ֪ƵĻ˸ܵʧġ
ϾҪԸʤˡ
ɫصûǴĻһ˰ɣ֮ԼǵãΪΪ˱ڴ̥صöԷᵽĿռס
صͷȷʵˡлһЩ󡣼ϴĿռӦӦò⡣
Ȼ˵Ժأ
ʵ𣿡˵Ļʰġ
ҡҡͷɫѿǷ֮Ϊ¿ʯˡ
ʯˣ
ôܣɴ۾أֻҪ˵ԴԴϡ
ѵ
Ȼسֱʡ
-

964 

ƵʵѾֹһˡ
嶼ϰ߽ϧڵطأȴֻ޲ýõʬ嶼ѹեɾǲЩﱻǸˡ
Ҳˣһǵλñ֪ˣǽԲô
һ˵ĿûģҲ½
ֻЩ⣬ԵǱģܹȡⶫȴıز٣Ҳ޴ȡ
ͬСɣǱϢλϹˡ
Ȼ£飬治ǿСܹġ
Ǳ̾˿Ѿ޿ˣעһͲɡ
󡢲ǲĹЧֻöͬѡ
ԣҡͷ̾Ϣ˵ףעܹġ
迪ڵĿռ˵׼ܽ⡣
ԣ˶Щ塣
֪軹֮ǰ£˵Ҳ̫
Ϊ˵ҲμСģᰮ棬ָԨٯٯ롣ԨҲǲԭȻǺڷʵܹѾˡ
ӹûΪˣԨȥ׹˼ȦҪ֪ȻҲˮˮѰǲ̫ºġ
ֻⱲΪӰ죬ȴû¶ꡣ
ĺŷԨȥ˿ռĺ
һաڿռĺ﷢һصֲ
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һƬ«ÿˣɫ˵Сһ׸ߣСĲָϸ¹ܴĻǾɵĶС
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һŵЩ«Դռġ
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«ƴСĿռȴСԼĪǧס
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һΣǺ«ȴƿһ
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ȴǲ֪Ժʱ򣬿ռһطҲһ¡
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ҲһԵΪ̫͵ĹϵɫȽǳأûһӦþ
嶼ϲӣ˵ռĶӼҲǣⲻǸ˰
ܰæ˲
һֻرЩڿռ䳤ҪһЩ϶ԣǶԴ׽ϡ
ǽ󣡡ˣǶһģһģ󣡡
Ϊڿռ̥Ĵ
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ʵʯǴģ
ҵģǼģͷǸɽȡץץԴЩŵ󣿡
һǣ϶
ͷԨӺʱ򣬷غǱȻڡ
ôˣһȵ
Ϊ˷㣬֦ļλԼԨһռƣýʲôԼڣ޷ռ䡣
֪Ǳûơ
ǳʲôˣȻǶơ
ԣǱһ㶣㲻֪
֪ʲôơ
һԵͷұȸ߽ģҲ
ظĿռз󡣡
ģɴ۾
ǧȷǱֻǷĵطԭĵطʣʮûзҪЩλãȻٰ󡣡
û⡣ǱߵɽֲֹһһܰЩúá
˶٣ˣǽҲں׷һ
ʲôʵ
ֺ֪öҲں׵ġ
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ԣæ׻кܶ«ɫһСҲһԴĿռҲдСһȣҸԨȥɼҲܶЩο
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965 

ǱЧͦߵģһ¾нˡ
˵ģһš
صͷһ˷ܵЩ«ֱ̫ˣͬɫĺ«ܹװĶһȻмɫĺ«ûоĿǰѾмɫĺ«ЧѾоˡ
㵸ɫ«ܹװɫ«ܹװҺ壬ɫ«ܹװ֣ɫ«ܹװɫ«װɷʣ»нɫɫɫɫ⼸ɫĺ«ûзװʲôġ
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ԴˣȴһҲȡ
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ĻסȥӶո𡣡
Щͷۣ˵ȫпռ佫սʿ
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ɫ̫õĵ£kҲάһòȻģΪԼġ
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һȻ磬ȴû磬һδҪһʺˣԼĽΪɺδѾ׼˺ܶ꣬ȥȱѾΪ˸ĴۣΪ˵İƮƮĳɹǸҪˣӭȫµδ
ңһֱֻӮײǶҲǶõѡ
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Ǭ«Ƚ뿪磬ͽöߡ
ûѹι⣬ҺһҲҪʣʱõkȥ
пҲܸk

Сһ²ţȴǱǿûɥĲĴ㡣
ϾɱǶ絽׻ֵġ
⡭Ψһõ㡣
ǣС뷨ǱȻͬȻҲûиĴ㡣
ɻС͵ϴδս֮Ի䣬ģ֪鱨̫֮⣬ҪԭʵΪһŵףʥɽϵԵʡ
ףʥɽ
һ㶣漴ˡ
ףʥɽŷǳҪĵλϾףʥɽΨһЩĵط
ô˵ɣһףʥɽ٣Ȼڻ𣬵Դ֮һ˿Ŀܡ
һʮʹ޵У¡
ǰȻҪʱ䣬ңңڣߡǸǲܵ顣
˵ֻҪһԽײ飬ǲͻ뿪硣
ҹȻǲ֪һ㣬֮ԻŹǸҲ᲻ýϣ
ҲˣһʵǶѾΪǵ㡣
Դˣ޴ӽСһϣȴὫԼԸǿӵϡ

ü´δսٽףʥɽϡ
ܲһιһ
ǱΪҪ塣
ҲٴˡɫѾپʧˡ
ĸϣҪǡ
ЦҲʥˣҪҲҪͬ
İɣⷽ棬ڵѾɹʶˡ
ͬĴǾԲ᷸ڶΣ
˿Ļˡ
ǧҴҶڼ䣬ֻɷ˳ʵȲš
ȴʱפ쾳壬һ֪ǺûǻϢ
ʱʮ꣬ٴˣ
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ǲٸǼɳǿĻˡ
-

966 

һֱڵ𣿡˰죬̲סʵ
˱ʵһ㶡
ôãһ˼޾Ļޡûǣֻ֪кĶ̳ԴǻĻġ
һֱڣѾ޻˺òã
һ㶣Ȼһ֮ǰûʱΪʲôԴһûսʱȫ
ҡҡͷûʱĻͬȥһͼȻ
ǲûսⲻǻû׼𣿡
ǳս̫ˣؼԽԽ٣նϼʮ꣬Ƕ׼֣Ȼս
һΡսȻüʵ
սǱĿɨߵĽ
һǧĸĽѾﵽ˾λ֮
ս岻ʾ
󲻵зԨλʵĺڷλ
սһƽֻͣеսȴڡ
ӵĽȻ٣ֻλֻɷ롣
ȻֻɷŸոճ겻꣬ҲãҲãǵνǲ
ˣֻɷʵȻЩ룬ȴѰҪǿࡣ
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ȫγɴҪһ£ʱԲȻ޿ʼͲòˡǱ
ս֮ǰ㿪ʼִ֯ӿռоܵĲɼһЩָܹǸͲӶġ
ۿʮˡ
ĺϣӽɫ𣬴͸ͷ
ôǽɫģصɫˡ
һ㶣ôѵǽɫ𣿡
ǡصٵսϿǽɫģǰɫġ
ǱһʲôԵʣս鱨׼ˣΡ˵ʤܣʤˣǿҲҪкܶ
ȴԸ⿴ġ
ʲô˿ȴһ۾Ϳˡ
ǳϵͷüѵûбֳĵ⣬Цŵƺһء
ʲô˼
ȷʵ¡Це־ͶУʹøǿҲױȵ޸һһײ飬ԼҲҪ군
۾˵ģȻ
ƺµ뷨ҡҡͷ治һĸΪʤԸԼҲԸʧܡҡ
ЦЦɱõkʵϣҸұ֤ʱһرԵá
Եãһ⡣
һЦ뽫Ĺ趼ѹեkȻԼΪǴġԼ־Ͷk˵׼Լرΰ󡣡
һԺ˵kԼܹˣΪʲôҪͲΰһΪԼ𣿡
еסԻ·𣿡Ͳûעⷽ
иġߵkһеԴΪأø˸û塣
һȶˣڵkȻ顣
˵仰ʱ򣬰ıνʹ
۸ǱǣȻǱҲȻĽ
벻̾
ǱȴһΪҲ·˰ɡ
º󣬸Ѳķ˺ͬʱ˻ޡ
ϢʱѾ׼岢û⡣
ˣϻǣǳˡǱվϹض԰ɣ
Ϲءͷ
Ҳͷ
ӦԺϵӦԸ߿յкӦ½ϵһ·ǰȥӦսˡ
ƬӰӸ߿ջ鶼սս̧ͷţΪǧԼս
ӭ濴ľĻޣΪǵĵЩ޷·ŵķһӿ˹
Ѿڴммޣ浽ǰ̲ס̾һ䡪ʵ̫ˣ
ЩޣǲûᣬнԽЩ޼ǰ
Ͱ赲Щޡ
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967 

Ҫͬʱײ飿ż̲סüͷ
֪ôײģһЩҪײ飬ҪѺܴ
ǻԭ˭Ҳ֪Ͷע־ʲô
ҪͬʱײǿҪֲ
صüͷҲ̫ԣϴδսûô
ǰ˵־ҲˣʵҲô࣬ϾǱȥô꣬ȱĿɲֹǡ
Ǿ̽һ¡˵ţԭһһֱεء
ԥһͷײ˸һ
ǵһ֮󣬷·ˮһƬ̵Ĺϡﻩˡ
ǱǶûӦһϵжˡ
ôôçײ
û°ɣ

Щ£ðŻ˻Դһŵʵô𣿡оԼûʲô
ࣿˡ
ȴʱǱײѾָˡ
۾Ƭ̣ȻԾ
ôԾˣزǲ̫ӲĹϵ
ҡͷ룬ָ̺һ֧ˮ˹ȥ
ǱҪȴˮûбҲûбգǡһӣ
ʲô۾ɴˡ
Բؿڵ
ʣϴδսûǴĻһ
صͷ
εҲֻоŸ϶
ǱҪΪʲôһתԭ
Ϊ
Ȼ˵
ǰҲǧЩͷˣֻһһˣȷǼԱ·ǲùˣôظù
ڴͬʱߵķ֪ͨ˷塣
Ȼһ֮һȺײײö𵴵
ȷûŪɴ۾
ûŪһûСսɫǻӣ
ǺĻޡɵ
Ҫ˵ء̾˿Ҹոճһ£εĻ޳ϵսôãһΪһʱʮֻϮ֮⣬Ȼ˶٣˵ˡ
£ڳֲˡ
мˡǱιҪơüסǵĽŲ˷壬õӦǣ͸ˡ
һԽսԽǿȴԽսԽ˳֮£ʤȻǷб
ʵ廹Ƿ֣
һۣ˵˴𰸣壡
󣬵˵ˣֻǶײ£ɷǱȽϿֵģһǲͷнǣϾͲռƣ˱͸ΪóҪġ
߿⣬ȴ½ͺ٣ɷһӦʺϲġ
˭뵽Σ֮أ
Ҫ֪ͨȥ֧Ԯ𣿡ʵ
ҪǱҲ͵Ǳʱûʲôر鱨˵ǲûз쳣ǱҪôûŲϣҪôѾˡ
ȥ߿֧Ԯ
ĵǳʱǸյʱ򣬾ͷжֻ˴Ӹ߿׹䡣
ֻѪԵ˿ڣ֪ܵ˲ᡣ
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Ǿ޴ĺڷչ˫ͷĽﱣ£ۼżɫײϣ̲סĿѣԨ
ƬƬεضɫĹ˦ǧһ֮˷Ԩϡ
ͬʱײ˷Ԩϣ³һڽɫѪҺɫɷףۼҪ׹䣬ɫĹâ֣ʧ֮ɫѾָ˴롣
һߣǱҲǽסˡ
ʲôһҩǱһʵôԼᶯ
ҲʵġЩ۵ؿԼ۶ϵǱ̽٣ĸͻȻֵģһ⧲ǷԨǼһѣѾˡ
һµɱϴǿ࣬ҵļҶˡ
Ѿϵ˷ԨߣסʵΡ
Ԩһ۶ˣҪȸǡ
ĸϣҺǺڷзͬʱҲѰǿ
ۣۼĸƲѾӿҲ˲ϣֻȸԨǡ
ô죿̫Ӳˣ˭ײȥһߵļֻһ߰ԨѪһ߳
-

968 Ԯ

϶ȴһɻӲ
ȷ̡ܼԨڵǻģײҸոûüҲǲۣѪӿǲɱġ
ѾԨĹͷˣһƣϻûˡֻǸոʧ˲ѪԣѪҺǵԴ
ȥԡüֻչ˷ԨԼһףͶЩ˹ȥ
ԨûüѾɳȥһξˡ
ЩʵһֱڱֻΪûбҪĹϵѾܾûгչԭˡ
ҲΪˣԼʵҲԼԭж
ԨӾ֪ҪԼȫԸǲеġ
ˣ˵ĿУԭԽԽԽԽ󣬵˵۾Բˡ
ǱҲ⡣
ԭ͡ǵʮ˰ɣǱʵ
ĸֱֱӭһҲ˵ģĿ絶ž͹ײȥ
ɫǳϵǸÿ˵ĸоҲΪȻʵϣֻǵļӲȴԶԶ˵
¡
·һ㣬ĸ뵹ˣʣȴǱֱֱ룬һʱѲá
Ҳѣ
ͼβһڣ彫סȻؽаγ
һָ̣͵ſҧȥ
һҧ飬׷ֱ
״۾һһҧһϡͬҲûףô˵Ŀбˡ
ҧ̫ˣһʱǽһƬƬȥ
æΣȻȥɤֻۣǿ˰죬ȴʲôҲûٳ
ҲͰˣ֪ǲĴСƺһ
ôˣԨԶԶģɵʵ
ᣬҸոպһƬƬ
Ԩɫ䣬ʲôط𣿡
һɻˣеۡһ仰û˵꣬ɫͱˣĿڵеۣǺۡ
ԽԽˡ
۵ſʼðԨòУ᲻ãֻæҴӹȡһ
Ȼͱֹˡ
ˣҸоԽԽۡ
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ʱǱҲ˹
ô£
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ȴ۵ʶģˣּô˶ûţ˲϶룬ֱӾͽӿռз˳
Ȼūڿռ䣡
ʱˣūʲô

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ȴǿۿ˷Ԩ
Ԩ˼ˣȻĲԸǽ˰
һزϲūõôŴж£ƽҲвҲƢãһ㶼ƽϡȴһɫҲûУƽദһҲ֪رܡ
ˣɫú֡
йעı飬״㲻¶ɻ֮ɫ
ɫģ̧ͷȥҴ׼ȷ˵ĸײôһĹѾָˡ
ֻǡ
ۿһϵƶͻȻ¶Цݡ
ҹȥָǸƶڵ
ԨҪͷһԵḹѾ֮ǰһʹˣ㴭ϢſڵҴȥɡ
·ԨȥĻֻᱻĸΧ
ԨðգֲԱߡ
ĸҲ֪ǲʶǹȥʱ򣬲ûײžмҪܵӡ
ֱβǸƶס̶ðۿ
úϸ棬̲סЦ
Ȼ
Ѿøеʹʧ˴룬ˣͷǰδе˵ĳд
ЦԮˡ
Ԯһ㶡
ͷkѴˡ
˵̲꣬סǡ
ģô˵أͺĸԼŵĻһ㣬ŵ⡢ͺ⡣
ƺţ͵ֻǱԴᣬ渽־־ⶫĳ̶ֳ˵ҲһֶƷȻֻ־̳ԵĻǲôʹġο̳Եòֻ࣬һСѡ
ҲˣµıȻǱ־Ӹ߼Ķ
ոҿˣдϢ
ȻǳҾԲϴ
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969 ֿ

۾ˡ
ʶôһϿʻĿ⡣
ǣȴһҲÿġ
ΪǸӣ뵽һʡعⷵա
ȻЩʱˣȷʵֱ뷨
ʲôɰʵ
ʣһɻ󣬶ҲҪתưע
Ȼˡ޺޵϶ʸ飡
˵˼
ͷ֮ǰ˵ӹɶǿǵʣһۣ֮бȻ˳񡣡
˶٣ңΪֲڴȴȷġ
ȻһԵkͬΪȷ˵飬ڵkǲʶġ
ǡ
̲סҡҡͷ
ĿƵεĻܿɹݴȻΪ֧Ԯǻӻֵ顣ҲˣkŹ־ǳ٣ȴĻᣬ̫㻹Ҫˣ㽫־һһʳɾ
һɹȽۣ֮˵ڲ֮أٶϴмʤ㡣
ߣɹ־ǽk޿ܶҲ
ڰ˵Ϊе飬ûзУΪ֪ͬǾϢĵˣҲΪͬѣûоϢĹϵڣҲԸΪС
ˣ˵ͷˡ
ʣǲǱҳԵ֮Ͳٻָˣ
ûͷҪԺܴĿͷ
һӾ뵽˸ոռܽ˶ȼմʹࡣ
Ȼȴûԥ͵ͷˣ֪ôġ
ľ˶ˡ
˵ģǱʲǲֻʶһʡ
ˣҲش͵ǸһԣҲЩദ
æͷУҳԵĻֻǳЩͷǵĻ˵þɥˡ
Ǳ˲̫š
ġȰ²ǿЦġ
ĻҪѵʱ̫ˡص
ֻǿʼӦ˾ͺˡ
ʱҲϹˡԭ½ظ࣬Ǳߵͬǻӣֻǵ治һҲ࣬ǲŵ鵽ڲŵ
Ǳټ򵥵ؽ˵һȻεĻ޲öԸɫǰ𲻵̫ãˣҽ붼ȥԸޡ
ͷʾͬս󷽵ͬȻ޵Ĺʽ̳ԣЧû֮ء
ǰߣá
Ҳûзԡ
ǰߵĲǽɫɫ־Ԩĺڷɷ롣
ļӲȷǱѰǱһڽԣǵܹײֻǲܿײ飬ٵײ¡
ңײĹǲһ˶ûеġ
ǵǿҲϵˣײһ֮ҪϢһʱ䡣
ҪһЩǷǿײĴξܽײ飬С
ҪһЩʵڲͷȻһ֮ͷǵצӷǳֻҪײѺ۵Ƕצ顣
УԨʱɡ
϶ԣɫֺɷЩˡ
Ȼܿ죬ͷ֣ɷ뷢ķܹȾġ
һմȾɷжͻóٶۡ
ڼ䣬ʹĸ̳Դˡ
һʼһΪʹ飬ȻԵԽ࣬ʹԽԽ٣֮Ļһͷĸо
֮ļܰ㽫̳֮Դ
һҲԨü
᲻ֻа˸ص
ܣǱҲ˵Ӧʧˡʵǣ󷽵ĻȻ٣Ծв١
ˣ϶һûбҳƶ
ȻˣĶ
Ҫ֪ûɷմȾǻԼģ˭Ҳ֪㵽ȥˡ
ҵһĪչʱ򣬰ȴƶϸӦһ¡
һ±˼
Ƭ̺ҵˣ
Ŀ䵽ԼϣԨĪ˹
ڣȻ
ôܣ˷׷׾
ѾᣬģڷԨС
ԣ˵ɫѿ
Ԩȴ̹Ȼûϵġ
򴽣Ȼʼռ̺͵ȡ˳ֽһǱǵС
ɫףֻһá
ü΢䣬ЦҪԨһġ
£ȥĶֿ
-

970 ʧ

յŲҴҵؽǻúûüһһȺСþͰסˡ
յĴ𣿡
ǰƺǱߵ׵ǰ֮ڷŭ
֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ҾӦŪ˰ɣ᲻ʵǸŮ£
һǸŮ£ҲǷŭ֮أӦְ𣿡
֪ʲôλ飬ְƼޣɲᲢۡ

յæǰһεصҲֻ֪Żȥһ˰֮½ĶֻƫҸǱſڣ֪ʲô
һȺöǻٻ԰еĻӣΪ˿ͣǵҲú졣
¾û˵ʲô𣿡
ǰôȥ֮
֮񡢷ŭ֮͸ŮΪΨ䣬֮۵ĵλͳȻ⡣λ¸нʣȻҲһΪ񣬵˶ܿóͬ飬ǶԴ̸ء
˽¶˵ΪλµĴ񣬱Ҳǹ˶ѡ
ǰ֮Ĵ֮һֻôЩҲˣִϵеûС
ǧģҲ֮Ըʲô¡
ΨһһΣǼǵƺǸŮԻȤתа֮ĹϵӻҪһЩ
˶ˡ
ȻΣȴǻǰ֮
ԣյıЩŹ
ôˣһı飬СǾ˺档
յСҲһΪǵԼ֮񣬵Ǻ֪ǰ֮¸дͣǰ֮񡣡
֮ҪԸ£
յҡͷֵľˣȵ֮ʲôû˵õ»ˡ
ʲôˣ𣿡
꣬Сһ㣬Ҫ鷳յ˵ĻһۣС֮²ĵˣ㲻Ҫ˵
û˵ڵǣ簮֮飬ڣȻԷĵעЩӵĿܺܵͣıԷ
ðɣʵҲ֪֮ʲôԸǷǳ𣬱ϾԷȺӣ¶ԶԷ˽ⶼޣοССһˡ
֮
ƺе׵ĺûйϵ˼һɵĿޱ飬˫дűֵľϢʵ
֮۵ƺѰ˵ǧǧ궼κα仯ģżҲ⡣
ϢһƺǻܵӰ죬׵֮ġ
ûϵԣϢйϵǴk־̳һ֣ȻҪˡ
ͬӽԴĴڣˣkϲŭҲӰ쵽ƺ
˵ģ˼۾һӱˡ
⸱ģΪʲôްһʵ
ԣϢı̲סһҶزˡ
ʲô˼˼ɴ۾
Ϣ΢΢ɫ䵭ռƻӦѾ֮תˣΪ£ûиӦϢֻȴǲճȭͷ
֮ͽйȥΪǰæˡǵЩһԼжˡ
˵ЩҵҶصļжֻͣ˵ע⣬;ԲԸ⿴ġ
᲻Ūˣ˼üҶصǿȻûۣ֮ܽ
ᣬûСҵϢ
ްһܡ
Ϣ͸˼˹㶼˵ˣҶתۣ֮᲻ڻĸУûг
Ļ£ҲܸӦɣ
ԣϢ۾һ
ȷʵˣĻ˵ͨˡ
˼ϸ룬ҶصǿȣпһͶ̥
ԣ˵ϢץϹްҲ̲ס˸ۡ
ôԤõްü֮жû𣿡
οЩѪȺء
ԣϢ۵׵һһ㰵
ν壬һǳȺؼһһľһɽһʯֻҪ㹻ͶܹΪΪһԱ
绨ӣһԱ
Ҫ˵ʲôص㣬ǿѪ⣬ʵûʵġ
ƫƫ뵽ҶصԣϢкܴĿܳΪľġ
Ҳ˵ߵ棬һ껨ݲݣпҶصı塣
磬Ļݲôܹģ
ȻϢĵĻ
-

971 

֮۵ԣѰĲľҲ൱ͨ
Ҳˣ嵮һ׵飬Ϊ֮ǰ˭Ҳ֪᲻ᱻ˽ˡ
ľ嵮֮󶼲ǿȥ֮ǰǸͨݲһûκԱ֮
Ϣ±ģҶڵ֮ǰͱ˲ߢˡ
ƫƫڸͲ֪Ҷġ
µĹǣ˼ü㲻ҪǱҶصĴڣǲء
Ϣüܲʲôɣ
ҵи⡣ȴްڵ
ʲô˼һ䣬ϾǶڴĺϡ
ðȥҶءް

ϢɫֲԵŤôʺһĶٲ
Ȼϸ룬ְַʵѡ
Ȱǳ֮ΨһϳҶصˣȻҲڴĺϣȻΪһصص࣬ǧ궼벻֣÷šˣҶصĴھͲᱻע⵽
ȻȻ̸ʲôʵȴûԱ֮֮Уɱ
Ȼ֪ԭ򣬵Ҷȷʵʵ⣬ָҶܰϣԻᾡľ

ģ֪𣿡Ϣʵ
ԣ˼ްһۣ鲻ɶЩ顣
ţϢü
ްӵʱסҵ
ò˵͸˼ֱϴĸĵʹǰҪᷳжᷳȴһӱ˳ôô֡
䡭Ǻ;Ϣվһʱ
ϢѱӶᣬǻʲô˽ɡ
ȻС뿴֣ԸҲԸҶðա
ΪˣǸͷҲˣ
Ӣƽԭ֮һǳĵطȻⲢʲô¡
ԣۣ֮Ӣƽԭ΢ĵطҲһ澰ˡ
ӢƽԭϣӢƽԭ֮΢Ϊ󲿷ˡ
ȻںܶǰѾݽˣΪԴ֮һͬᷴ
ǣӢƽԭҲȺ
ǴҲȥԣĵط棬Ǳѡ
֮۱ǿΪģһЩСֲԸⱻǿѹեȺߵ˸λʧȥ֮صˣΨһܹȥľӢƽԭ
һӢƽԭǾأӢƽԭ㹻󣬵㹻ӣ˼׷ɱҲط
ˣö֮Ӣƽԭͳ˴Ĭϵ֮ء
ӣӣݳ壬ûʲôԱΪóչ˲ľֻҪҸ׵ǿ帽ӻǲѹġ
Ѿڿϡ
ԭӣһǿǿ׵ģһѾΪʮ֮ˣȻ峤Ϊս峤̳мҵûþȾϹֲˣ峤֮λ䵽С
ӿԴûʲô£ƫƫһҪʸλԴ˰гϵĳ⡣ûʲôʱЩûϡ
ȻûʲôԱǾ൱ƶϼֵ͡οòǺܶǿ鶼ϲ֮
峤⶯ϣΪľǽһüǮ
ЩϿ峤ҲԸΪ΢峤˺ƤԴһֻ۱һֻۡ
ӣһۼţһݣȫˡ
ӣݵ㲻ٻӵӢƽԭˣ˰;С
ӢƽԭȻ٣ϰˣӵҲܹȥΪ޷ѣܱȶá
һ磬ӣݾȥƽԭΨһһˮԴӴˮŲʮģԵˣ޸ĸʲôֻܿԼҲǻֵĹϵû˭ܳԹܺȡ
ӣݲһȥģһȥĻСӣЦӣ¡
סƻƽԭ˲ͬӣݲƯˣҹʱƲĿ⡣
ˣÿγˮӣݶ˳ָһͰˮȻΪЦ˵ù
ϰˣôЦһֱ֡
ܴܴҪúԶܿȫòýʲôҲģ̧ͷҲ֦⡣
Ϊ̫̫ˡ
ӣЦӣȻΪ⣬Ҳһˮˡ
ЦЦ£ǿɫǲЩˣӣЩϲ
ӣЦӣ̧ͷȥȴʲôû
ˣǹյĹϵɡӣ´˸ǷϽ߰ɣһȥ˯أ˯̫ˡ
-

972 Ҷ

ӣû˵ȴҡҡͷ
ǵģÿ춼˵û˱˽ɫȻǽɫԸоǽɫŸһЩǰ˵ĸоЩġ
㲻㣬ƬҶӶûУʲôϲġӣһҡͷһ߲⡣
ӣЦŵͷʵҵϣܸϽݽˣһӢƽԭָܻˡ
⻰Ҳ˵˵ΪӢƽԭĻָˣǶǶҲ£ֻζǽʧȥѵõ֮ء
οȻֻһ΢Ĳľ壬Ҳһ¡ǲĿݽߵġĿݽˣһʲôõӰ졣ĻõȵڣЩͳֽˡ
ֻĲ²⣬иоݡ
ӣЦЦ˵ӣЦӣҲ֣Ʋ۵ӡ
ȴ֪ӣȻû˵ȴƽ
˶ΪʲôϲͺͺŹֵģȻȴû֪ʵȵġ
ӵӢƽԭʱϵ˷ǳǳأȴҿڸˡ
·Ϊ˵Լᱻ׸Ӣƽԭ˵ΪէԼ˵ˣҲóҩˡ
˵ʱΪǱʹľء
ľҪľǱ壬ֻҪã弴صˣҲ˼ֻҪ㹻ʱָܻ
;УӣȻʮĵزԼı壬·׻׷ĸ˴롣
˺̣ǵһ
㹻ãı廹ָܹЩ
ǣӢƽԭƫƫȱĵط
ʱӣݾԼˣֻǰҹ۵ʵܲˣ¾ˣĵ˳
ӢƽԭһͬһĴڡվĶ·ֻҪһĶͿжϷˡ
۰컹Ǻҹޱ۵Ĵڡ
վİķ羰ǰȻģӣһ۱㿴Ρߴ
ȫľʹһһȥ·ʱԼҪˡ
ǣӣȴһҲ£ϣǰδеƽ
ƴŴЩ׷һ·Ȼµͷһ㸺ûˡ
ֻãˣƺҲûʲôźˡ
壬ûиĸΪԸ⣬Ҳûʲôֿѣˣ˻ΪˣҲֻһʱ
Լʲôûӭ
еĿŬˣˣ޺ˡ
׳£Ҳ㡭ˡ
۾ʱӣЦŵġ
ԺУһů壬Ǹоˡ
һҲء
ţٴȴϵʹˣȡһԭϵĸˡ
һУ·һ㡣
ӣݽѣ̸ѯʹ
Է֪ûʶ֮ԴҲǱܷӦѡ
ӣȴá
һʶģԼᱻȡ
ȻһӣҪαȻȴԼʲôûСҲÿΪһͰˮ
⣬Ҳò׼Լǲһٵ¡
ӣڽһ춼ЩĲɣҹ֮󣬳˶˯ˣСĴ˳
ӢƽԭԽǿԽϡˣʵȺӡӣһʵ̫СˣΨһܹӵĵط
ӣϸ鿴һɫ
ıˡ૵
ʲôˣһ۵ɤϷ
ɫӣʶش𣬵˵һ룬ʶ˲ԡ
Լбˣ
̵̧ͷǡ˭
ȻĿⴥԷݣʹסˡ
֦ϵһʮһŮپ츫͵ļ£ζ覴á
ҪͷĻǶԷûѪ⣬ֻ۶ɵˡ
ǡϵ壿ӣ¶ϲ
ŮԴӦǣ˵еĴмֱġ
ǣԼûҪԲϤӣͷβ
ţ۵׻һĨĿ͸ã
ԼΪʲôأ
ӣȴǸ˻ˣʲô֣
֣Ůһ⣬ЦҶأԽҶء
ȻĪеģȴϲ֡
ˣԺˣ
-

973 Ӧ

Ҷ֪ˡӣݴ￪ĵ
Ҷʵ壬²ԷӦûû˵һЩǿ֮ǰʵ壬ȻһʮΣյģһ˷֣ⲻ˱ᡣ
ˣѹѵϽҪǱ˷־Ͳˣ
Ȼû˸ҽߣñ˷ҶصĴһΣյ顣
ҶЦˣİɣֻǰ֡
ӣ۾һĵǵҶԲԣ֮ǰҶԲԣ
ǵģҼǵáÿ춼ҽˮҶˡҶЦӯӯ
ӣЩ˼СʵǸҸ㽽ˮô
ȻǱģҺϲҶ⻰ƭ˵ġ
ĸϵĵˮҲܹȡ͵߲ԼȥȡˮԴҲᰡ
ԣӣݸ˼ˣܰﵽ̫ˡ
Ҷͷˣʲô֣
ӣһ죬ҽӣݣӣһġ
ӣݡҶغһ۵ɤ˵Ц⡣
ӣݵˣǸ˽ˮʲôܹ𣿡
ܵҶأϾѾǰݽߵˣҶɻûء
ӣݿȻԼҶǵһμ棬ԷȴľˡˣҶеķ˶Ҫء
ҲˣΪҶ룬ʲô⡣
ҶһЩԥ
ʲôΪĶ𣿡ӣһǸˣȴͻȻϽң
Ҷ򴽵ܰҰϵĳץ𣿡
ӣ
ӣһгӣ
˵ţ̲ס̧ͷȥȻƬҶӶûУɺ֦⿴Ҳ⻬ޱȣʵǿʲô
Ҷص˵ͷкܶܶӣûʵ׽ǡ
뵽ǳǧĳҧϵζ̲סһ£ɫЩס
ӣݶʱۼˣʵңȥ׽
̫̫ˣ۵ĻҲ
ԣҶЩɵںܸߵĵط㡭ȥ𣿡Ӵм֪ģľ¸ߵġ
ȻӣݵһӰˣҡҡ
Ҷ̾˿΢üͷǲоˡ
ӣæҡͷԡȻЩıȴܼᶨ
ҶֹǲԸΪСЩӴʹʵ̫ˡʵϣ̫Ҫʹˣ»ûôγ塣
ӣ˵ȻȻˣŷһ⡪Ͳ
ûܣ˵ͬͨϹģ֦λָߡֹҪȥҲס
ӣǺˣǸȵȣӺ͹߹
ҶȻЩʧҲǿ
ʶֱǧҧĸоûʧһʼ۵ӶΣʱԹȥʱˣƺʹӦٲιȥˡ
ӣȥ֮ҶصӰʧصС
ͬһʱ䣬֮УϢ͵վ
˼ڿµѮ״ɱ̧ͷôˣ
ҸոոӦҶصλˡϢ
ѵѾˣ˼һ㶣漴ЦԷ˰ɡ
Ϣȴٴޱ飬ֻһ˲䣬ѾӦˡ
סŷλ𣿡˼ʵ
ϢͷϷ򡣡
Ϸ򡭡˼°͵ţ֪ͨްҸ۵Ĵ֪ͨı·ߡ
ѾһˣȥĵطǶϷ
Ϣ򴽣Լȥ
ˣ˼ɴ۾
ҿԷֳһϢֵļʺܵ͡
һ⣬ǸٵĻ㱾ʵҲܵʧǲġ˼
Ϣüһ˵ĸо
ʲô˼ü
Ϣ̧ͷҶһΣУǰȥʲôã
ǱȻʲôҲ𲻵
ԱһͶûС
һҪȥҶسʲô¡뵽ܣϢľ̲סʹ
Ҫȥ˼
СϢҡͷż㻹簬أ˵׼Ҷվǰ㶼ϲ
ҿԸһж˼
ϢҡͷҲУαװء
˵˼ûˡ
Ϊŭ֮ʵǷǳ񱩵ģһй¶ַӾܱϳ
ް࣬Ҳ;ϢԭΨһǰ񽫰˷ˣסӣϳļʷǳ͡
-

974 ׳־

ľһ˫֣ӣҲ⡣
ˣӣݾһЩ乳һĶֻΪԭϲң˺ü˳깤ȻҰŶܵߡ
ҶءҶء
˺ü˳֣ӣݼˣԼ⼸ҶѾˡ
ӣݣȴʱһϷ
ӣ˿ֺڸʲôôҺüشң
ǸҶ򴽵Ҹո˯
ʵϣΪڵĳԽԽˣʹҲ֮ǰңһ춼ڷѾҪЩߣȴʼЧ΢
ոȷʵ˯ȴٴιȥˡ
ӣҲû⣬һ˷ܵؽԼĶţҶ㿴Ұѹ׼ˡ
ӣҶ̽ͷ¡
ӣݡӣݽ͵ұľݵģӢƽԭľͷңľݰ̫ˣҵûã뵽ݡ
ˣһݲʱҾϧҶʵ壬İ͸ˡ
ҶûȻͣʵģ͸ЩӰһš
ȷû⣿ˤȥҶһɣȻҿԸˣǴӺܸߵĵطˤȥ
û¡ӣȻЩ£ǵǲľ壬رͺᣬҪ򲻵ѣҿԱӣݣǺһ塣
˵ʵûѪģֻ۵һ̶γʵ塣ʵ壬ܹǵõġ
ӣ˿СһЩ
ʵȻôףӣĿָߡ
Сǿúܣ嶼ɸˣȴҧ
˲ʱ䣬ӣݲӦ߿ա
ˣҲûҶ˵ĳӵλãʵ̫ˡ
һ죬ۿٹСʱͿˣԼȻøߣҪִҶ˵λãȴкܳܳľ룬ӣݲЩɥ
Ҷذοû취飬٣û취ɣôѾǳ˲ˡ
ǷǳȺǲľ壬ûԭʵʮ֮һӲˡ
ܹɵģҪΧûӣݱֻһˡ
ҾǾԼûáӣݳҭҶҵȴС¶ﲻ㡣
ѾŬˡҶذο
Ŭʲôáӣݲɥ
ҲģЩӶʹһʹʵʻΣ㲻żҶ̾
ЩҧͲһ˲𣿡ӣҲɵܹҧǿ϶ͨĳӣҵʱ򼴱ȥܶû취׽
˵ҭøˡ
ҶضʱĬˡ
ĴмﲢûҧԼĳӵΪûУԲ֡
ΪԼĴмϢжж㣬ж
Ǵ˻ĪʱҲһ֪
Ȼֳӡ
ӣ˵ֳӱȻ򵥡
˵Щ˵£˵˵°ɣ˵ʲô֪˶٣Ҷص֪ǴӵӢƽԭġ
ҵ£ûʲô˵İȻ˵ӣݵ׻Ǻ۾Լľ˵һӣһ̫ˣõĵطסȥֻס㸽ҾҲͦõģȻܹΪҲûʲô˼
ǲľ˲㹻񣬵ҲֻСԳ˸ʵܻЩǿءһǱ۸ūۣǶһ£ʲô𣿡
Ҷû취ͨͨСӣҲƽ̤ʵ
ҶЩȵǵı壿
ᡣӣҡҡͷֻͨͨӣݣֲǲҩ
Ҷ˿Ǿͺá
׼ȻòʲôõļƷԲľ屾Ϳݣʱٶܵõ͸õĻܻܹԵ¶ƺԼӰ쵽Ҷأӣæı仰⣬˵һ˵顣
¶Ҷһɻ
õĴм䶼һЩΪԶ飬£֪òࡣ
ԣ֪⻨¶ʲô
¶ǻ㻯¶ǲľıܵõ¶һܹõɱġӣһ
ҪҶ˼
ӣݵͷӣ̫ˣϣԼܽøһЩʳ˻ġ
Ҷû뵽ӣݾȻ׳־һʱЩס
-

975 ɵ

ӣݱҶصĿЩ죬Ͱ͵ǸҾôһ˵ʵǺѵõģ˵ǼܳԵ¶Ҳܶ࣬Եö࣬Ҳֻ֮һļʡ
żĽǰʱ˵һ˲Ϊ˶˲Σ忴ƺͨ˲һȥ˺棬ֻǼ󣬹һʱͻʹ˱С˲鱾Ǳǿץȡģŵõɡ
Ҷغץ˾ûаŪ
ǵ룬ǲҡӣݵǲҵﻨġ
Ҷص˵ͷЩɵʵҪĻû¶Ҳ԰㡣
ģӣ۾һܿҡͷУڲܱ˷֣ҪͻȻˣ϶ע⡣һСģĴڿܾͻᱩ¶
αװǳ˻¶ŽġҶ
ӣҡͷǲɣȲ˵ԴӦǽͷ˵ûŭߣǵܲܳԵ¶˵ء
Ҷȴǿñ֪ˣ
ϲӣһСԼֻ˳־ȴűӵе΢ȴһֱŬҪ
ӣЩĶԥġᱻ˷֣̫ҪӵӵԱ֮ˡ
ңĻһССͷԼˣǲǾܹҶ˵߶ȣܹϵĳ׽ˣ
ᡣҶصðı彻ҡ
ΪԼ˵ӣӦûԥһϾԣҪ彻УڽҲгȥ
룬ӣݾһԥûоͽһ귶ӣݽ
̫ˣ鷳Ϊ˲غñҪʾ֭ǰã֮Ҳѱ£òЯű壬ʱҶԼѱŪˡˣǶʲôĶòˡ
һظģҶ̲ס̾ɵ
ҲҺԼûж⣬ĻܰǮء
ӣߺҶشıԼĿռ䣬Сӣһˮķϡ
ռеģÿ߼ʣɽ᰺ӦоУҲԣò񻰡
֮ǰеΪãԼ׳ͬʱЩҲԾܵҲˣҧӦ
񣬿ռκβľʵԸմЩռ˱ˡ
ռкܶĲľҶֱطӣݽ
㲻ܣôԣӣݿ϶Ҳкô
ڶϣӣˡ
Ҷ̫ˣҸоԼȫ֮ǰ־õĸоȫûˡӣһ̾ҽһúܸߡ
ʵԼıӦӣݲ˵û׷ס
˵ҪȥҶԽסˣÿ㲻𣿺Ȧˡ
ӣʶ£Ұ˯һʱûӦҹߵģʽʱͺˡ
ҲÿҪԼЪһЪӣҪҶصڻڰ׷ѹ򣬵ȵɹˣˣ°빦𣿡
ڶһЩûлġӣ۵
Ҷ̾˿Ͳ˵˵𣿡
ӣһ㶣̧ͷҶʧ䣬Ļ˵ˡ
ǸҪ˵ʲôЩڵ
Ҷذ̾˿ʵ֮ǰ˵Ǹ׼ôˣ˯𣿡
ӣ˵úʵʰҹضæ
˯ġӣЦʵܼ򵥵ģǰغʽҲֻһдӼˡҪܼ򵥣ֻҪ׼Ʒˡ
żεǰ͸ļƷԼֵĸҩڡҲֻñ忪ĻɻƷˣĶƻ񶼿ϡ
ǾͺáҶʣǾٰ컨˹𣿡ӣһֻ⻨ʲôۡ
Ӧòᡣӣݵǰ棬ȷʵ˹ιۣ˳һ͸ͻ¶ƢãڴϺǴ󷽡ӢƽԭǵӼƷܵõĴ͸ޣƱ˶ϡ
˵Ļ죬ӣݾһҹҶ߿࣬˵ظ˲ˡ
Щвʵǿߣ峤˵ˣиһ˾ܽһˡĻ̵̻ģ»ʲô¡ӣһǽ͸¶Ķã¡
-

976 

ҶصӣݣӣԼҲˡʵϣӣһǾֻ֮޲ҸȫĵطȥһӶҪȴֲܲ컨
һ磬ӣݽԼסľݴɨһͶ˯ˡ
˯һ룬չ䵽ϣԺ۾
ӣЦϳվ֦ϵˡ
ҳ𣿡Լɹӵʱ֦Ķӣɹ̫ӣЦĹӷŵ¨һ˼
ӣҡҡͷɻϵĹӺģժ˸ʲô
ΪӶᣬӢƽԭöЩӪĴϡˣĹȴúܣҶϡȥɡ
ϾӢƽԭȻȱܶණԵ治ȱط֣ǿɳĶأصʳ߲ˣӵģˮֶͿпˡ
ǲľʳҲû
ԣӣЦıЩɬҲԺûԵ𣿰ЩӲ۽ɹɹɣǽҲӦӦ
ӢƽԭȻ֣ĲóֲĲľ塣ʱҲ˵һЩǿǱʳ
ǰҲˣЩǿҲȫأٻһʳ໥֮ҲĬظٵ
һεֲͬˣôǿͻȻأкܶ඼û˵ǿߣЩˣɲʲôء
ûأֵʳ߲Ѿ˲ߺܶˣ˼Ҷĵģֱӵǵɡ
ȻɱǣҲȷʵ
ӣݵɫʱȥ
ӣЦȰҲһЩɣôᣬ۽ζҲãЩӦÿϡ
ӣҲֻܵͷ
ӣЦǹӣз١ܲӣЩǶϣԼ¡
Ƕôɱ飬ӣȴ˵һƽ
ӣݵ˵ͷǿЦ֪ˣæɡ
ӣЦҡҡͷѾ˲ٹˣʣ˰ɡ
ӣȻ
뿪ǰӣЦɲҪ˲ɡ
ӣݵ˵ͷ˵ĸӡ
ΪˣӣȥҶظСˣԼһ¶Ĵڡ
ҰʱˣĴ඼ǿߣһһɷ峤˵ˣЩصġӣһǳ
ǲôԺӵģЩʱںԺһʱľҶЩһʱֲˡȻЩЩҲϼˡ
ֻǡ
һǿߴǱ⡣ӣҿ˵ǿߡ
Ȼǲҩ壬ȥҲһЧġ
ҶҲ᲻ûʵ壬Ҳû취뿪Ҳǰ׼
˰죬Ҫʱ㵽
ӣҡͷɣҲܲμӻ
£Ҷؾˡ
Ȼ죬ӣȴһ˷ܵҶأˣ
ˣҶüô÷ԴĴ滳ɵġ
ʱܹռ˵ģʲôˣ
ġţӣݵλ¶úÿˣʵӦҲͣҿЩǿ߿ǵĿǼɵΪȴܺƣ˵ҲɷӲм
ʱӣΪЩǿֵ߽ľ²֮˵䣬㱻ǰӣվ
˵ʵУҶȴɻɵΪأ
ġӣЦȵʵȫûҪһס
Ҷػûⷽ濼ǹ⣬Щ˵ɻôᵽѵռ˵ģ
ǵġӣݵ峤ˣǹ˵ġѣ˵ǵӲӢƽԭˣˡ
ǲҲǴ𣿡ҶزΪ⡣
һġӣСǴӽģǲǡ
Ҷһʲô
峤²ǽץ˵ġӣݵȻ˶ӽӢƽԭ˲Ͼɱ¶ġŲ֮𣬻߶Է͵ʲôҪĶʲôҪЮʡ
Ҷ΢΢ɣʵӦòôɡ
˵Ҫҵ˾ڸӣݵ
ҶضʱȻǾˣ
Ϊʲôô˵ӣãȻ
Ҷص˵ǵʵܸߣҵʵҲ͵ȥʱ
ӣݶʱˣɫһӱòҰס
ССһһ̽ŮӲɱЦˣİɣǿ϶ġ
һԵ국ƳһۣӣݵĿעͷ
֪ǲӣݵĴܾãʱĿƺкЩᡣ
-

977 

ӣ뿪󣬰һԵľϢЦЦûӣЩԣ
ϢɫҲûϵϲһϢû´ӦǸйء
Եʱ̽һֻҵҶأȴû˼Щ¡
ѾмˣΪ˲ע⣬ϢԳǷԨֳòҲϱΪԨʱò
ҪҲֳڷԭ͡
ʵϣĻ൱顣
ϢţҶһֻ߿òһ²ͻɡ
Ȼ˳ĵĸӦҲȷҶӦþǣԷȴʼûг֡
ǿɲһ˵Ҷ⸽ӦҲڸķΧɣ
Ҷ񵽵ʲôһ֪ôҿ϶ûйϵϾϢ˼ҪȫһЩ
һζɲҪˣ˵֮˭Ǵĵˣǣ˳Ŀ
ǿӣԤΪԼĴڡ
ʼʱ򣬶Ҫưۣ֮׵Ȼ˭뵽û˳ְ𣬴ȴǺնռ֮λ
ԴˣȻû䣬Ҳʼհ
ʵϣϵе飬ӣ˱ӻϻû˵ء
Ϣüݽ顣
鶼֪һݽߣǵȴܹ飬ӴǾҪɫˡ
ǲǲı״ֻ޴Ӹıѡ
ֻҪڣעݽߡ
ԣ̲סЦעԶǲŵġעͬأעΪ֮۵֮أ
Щע˶ı䣬˭ָȷѾ޿ɸģ
飬ҲһҪkӸ֮
ϢЩ˵һӣݡ
ӣݿɲ֪ԼѾǵעˣصңϻõݺȡźãԼܵȥˡ
ʵҲ̸гգϾǰΪ㹻ӦǲԷġչ˵ҩ԰ƷʺõĲҩ̲סڡ
ҲΪˣ࣬ΨһļС˻Ǹһλϲʳĳѧġ
Ա㣬˯СʱɫѾѾ߶ЩҲӰˣŹغС뿪
£ȥϢŰһ䣬Ӱʧˡ
ӣݲûзϢĸ٣ϢȻ̽̽˵ʵӣ鲢û̫ӡ
ۿӣݵϣҲûж룬ֱӣݵĺ
ҶأҶأˣϽ
Ϣɴ۾ѵʵ˵ԼӣݿкҶֻһֵͬˡ
ǿϢû˿й¶ҲûбӣݷĴڣǣĿȴ˹ȥ´Ҷصĳ֡
Ȼʧǣӣݺ˰죬ȴʲôûз
ϢĴ󣬶ӣãȻ֮ȴǾԴг֮Ҷ˵Ƿ˸ˣͲ֡
ԣǡԼˣ
ӣݵɫһӰµûڷҪϽ뿪Ҷأδ֪ĸ¼ˡ
ˣԼıҶǶֻҪԼ壬ԷԼ
ţĵһ̧ͷҪ˵ʲô뵽Ǹδ֪ĸ߿Լֽ˻ȥ
ӣݾôȥˣϢʱЩԥǼ
һֱ⣬ǸӣݣΪ֪ҶĶˣҪˡ
ҧҧȥ
ֻ뿪ǰ֪ΪΣ̲סͷһ
ӣһ·ĵȴֱصҶû˳֡
ԴˣûһЩëȻδ֪ĵֻ֪ĵ˸£
Ϣһ˻֮ͱˣ̲סʵҶصˣ
ϢüģûؽԼ˵˳
˵ӣݿܼҶأһɡ
ӣݺҶֻһͬͬյˣϢʡ
ֿܾ͸ˡ
Ҳ˵ˣ˰û˳֡
Ϣһ꣬ҪǰǸӣץʣ
ʱȱ𡣡˶٣ɵ˵᲻Ҷطĸ٣Բϳ
ܣϢҲҺҶ£ܲҵϢ֪ңܲߣҵĸټɲôױ֡
˵оݣʵ޴ӷ
-

978 

ӣ뿪ˣҶҲûг֡
ӣݵϢϤУҲԥҪҪȥ˸ӣһС壬ǲģ͸ı⡣
Ȼᣬȴǿʼӣݡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôҪӣݣ᲻ʲôõ顣
뵽ӣݵıԼĿռУҶǸס
ϣӣݼǰȴʲôû˵ҲˣҲô£ֱʱ뿪
Ҷһζûг֣ӣݵҲһαһγء
˵ʲô˵ʼûʧ
֣̿ΪԼĲҶѾ¶˵СĻһССӣ壬εº㴦Ļǣ
ӣȴǲ֪ȴһ񣬾ϢҲЩˡ
У̲ȥˣֱӰǸӣץʰɣڵ
ЦƽʱȵøϹһôסˣ
ԶŴܳסϢ
ʵϣס⼸ԽԽֱǷǳ׼ģɻҶʲô¡ˣȻҲ򶨲ˡ
ɫһҲûзԾϢ顣
Ȼӣݾڴϱ°ˡȥҶǶſţȴԼ¡
һʱûܸĿǰ״ʶҶ
źһ֣͵ɴ۾ܿȥ
ȻͿվһһŮ
ǡǵģӣݲ¶㵡
ڸԼˣйܶ²⣬ȴûȻԼеĺˡ
СһƭģɺЦ£ûж⡣
˭ţ
ӣûпڣȴʵʵ˵š
һ֮ǰ˵ˣҵǸˡ־ͽҶأ
ԣԶеҶغӣݶһ
ӣЩ£Ҷȴи²⡪Ӵм֪ܹԤԣѵǰԤԵԼĴڣҪɱҡУ
ͬھϢĲ£ȥۣ֮߱Ӣƽԭߵ˱ģǺҶزûгԹǹʽѣζ˺ġ
ӣһֶţ
ҲˣʱЩ֣Ѳɡ
ҶǲЩ⣿һԵľϢ۽ȴӣϡ
ӣⲻǴˣ±Էʲôһֱ۾ʹ
״üϢ
ǸˣȻ鶼ɱҲֹڴˣԵĳֶһ㶼ûС
ϢĿؿӣݣòſڵҶ񵽵ʲô״
ӣԴøˡ
Ϣ¶꣬ûӣݲỵ̈ûϴĻСҶصĹϵӦòֶܶöá
ͬʱҲɻˣҶΪʲôڻϳ֣
ѵ
һЩĲ²⣬ϸһ룬ǲ²Ȼģһо˵ͨˡ
Ҷǲû˹ļ䣿Ȼʵ
ʲô
ӣһãȻȴǷӦ˹ɴ۾˼ǡ
ǲǣϢӣݡ
ӣݱܿĿ⣬˵ʲôҲס
Ϣȭͷɣ˼Լûбߡ
ĿٿȻ䵽ϣڵϢҶرȻйء
˵꣬ӣݿڣͷ
ӣݵɴ۾ԽԽߣڶȥɱЩ
ʲô̾˿˵ǲ˺Ҷˡ
ҡӣݽĻ˻ȥ
Ե˵˵ҶⱲӵʲô
Ⱳӡʲô˼
ӣݵ׻ûסսսؿʵ˼ǡҶת
תǰҲ˵ǼҲŪ֡
ѵⱲӲ飿һ㵵ץסѻ˵ôһ£
ΪץҶصּΪӣһĿİͰ͵Ҷô飿
ɫѿѲŪˣ
ʱԸŪˣҶءôܲأ
飬ϡ
߻ʱ򣬾ϢѾɵ˺ܸߵλãȻûпҲԶˡ
ʵϣĸϵ֮۵ĵıԴϣֱͨ캣ԴԶҲġ
ֻãûҵ̥
ĵԴ֮һҪ֪ȻʼûǣĺüλǴϵġ
²Ҷػʱһλϵ飬
-

979 

Ϣ㷵أͻȻ͸Ӧһ˶񺮵Ϣαסˡ
ѰһǷ֣Ϣڲ
Ϣ۾ܿ죬񴥾ҵһϸСĿӣȻӿн룬̽⵽ڲ
飬ϿҧĳӣϢһӾ
ͻȻһ˿ӯʹͨ񴥴˹
Ϣһ˳񴥶ȥһʮһŮ
ԷƺҲĿ̽΢΢۾ܿȥ
Ϣȴ־ϲ󶨸ڿϲϡ
Ҷأ
񴥣ϢҶصĶС
Ҷһصɴ۾ؿϢ
˫İ;Ϣһӳȥֻǲ²⣬˭뵽
Ȼ뵽Щӣĸӵ˼ֱһԾ˵档
أϢȴץֵҵҶˣǱ̫ãҪæ
ʲô
ǰӣҲǵؿ˹
ܰʲôæһԺ
֪ˡϢֱͣڷȥ
ӣݺ֪ӦʱѾʧˣͽվԭصļˡ
˵طϢڵкܶ棬ϽŵѪ
棡ֳԾֻȻ
Ǿѹ־Ϣæˡ
沢Ȼ֣ܵǵǳΪ˶ԸŴרġ
ȻǳҲû浽öŴᱻССĳΪסʵϣȫ԰ġҲȷʵϳ˴ˡҲΪŴʹ˼ʹڵѪҺٴʹѪҺżȴմ֮
ϢȻҲֶνЩŪˣһЩ涼ڲƿڲռ伫õֶ鷳һЩһʱ仹治ܱ֤һ򾡣᲻Ҷܿࡣ
Ȼ֮󣬰һɻܿȥ˵ҵҶأ
˰춼ûҵ̥һɵòըǸСİɣ
ǡϢüҶûת飬ֱתϽѪڿɻء
Ϣʵ̫ˣ˲ѯҶôæѪҺص
һ˲䣬ɫĳӴ˳ŰѪӿ˹ȥ
ȻܿЩʳ˰ѪҺԼٶȸʴʧ١
Լ˰СʱֹͣѪʱɫѾҰײҰˡ
ΪҶܿķϣϢһŲѪҩ
ҩȥɫۿɼٶȺ
Ҷضн淢鿴ԼڵĳӶʧˣ־ϲЩɵصóһۡˡƺǻˣ
֮󣬲ɻˣҶô
˶٣ѵûʶ
Ļѹˡӣ֮ǰΪʲô֣
ʱ򣬰Ѿû֮ǰľᡣͬûмʶҶصӣݣ˵ʶ壬Ҳͨʶ
Ϣüģ̾Ϣ񡭡ʶˡ
ʲôһ˼飬ʧˣôܣ
֡ϢȴˣҶسΪȻҲĴм䡣࣬ʶǿ󣬵Ĵм䣬ȫС׼סˣǴԵıƿΪ˳մм䣬ȥļӡˡ
ɵۣô죿
Ȼܿ־òԣǲôûиӦ
ԣϢЩϢϢأû´ҶصҲҷӡһ֣ҲˣҵĸӦǿΪ֮ǰĸΪ˵ˡ
Ļû˵ȴµˡ
̲סЦȻҶظϽû˼ûϵǺùۣʲôȫ
һ㶼ûϢĴ㣬ʱ򣬲ǽǲɵ
Ϣ˭̾Ͳµնģﲻ֪ڸոոȥǿҩ
֮ǰһ·ĸ꣬ȫֱˡ
ΪһʱҶز䣬һӵڶ
˵ǰǺѣҶزɵ緢ԼϵΥ͸ˣԼոյĴ飬ӣݵҲԵùˡ
Բ̫
۾һͷԣ
ǡҿôЩᰡҶعֱ
-

980 һ

ɫһڣԼôˣҶؼʱƺͲ̫ϲֻǻıҲȫ˵Ըװ֪ѡ
ʵԼòʣͬǺܲϲġ
Ϣ̣׻ûסһЦ˳
ҶصĿɴ䵽˾Ϣϡ
ˡ
ѹĪĻϲԴʵ˭
ϢкЦ⣬㿴ѵûʲôӦ
µײѰҶضһӦûС
ȻĻҶصı˱仯ȻȾϢģҶصѵҵֳ
Ϣѿ״ҶϳɣֳܲǸװɣ
£Ϣ׺ˣһֵЦѡ
ҶЩΣЩҸʲôϵȻǱʶ뷨죬ΪĿհף֪Щǳ
٣ʱȫûµĸȻҲ뵽ԼϢ¡
Ϣ죬ԥ׻ʵʵ˵ҵӣҵ¡Ȱֶɲпɳ֮
ţƳ˰һۡ
Ҷشסˣȵȣ
˵¡ǿŵ˵֪Ǹ£һᡣ
Ϣɫѿˣ˵أ
Ҷضʱӣ̲סһôС
⻰˵ֱ׳ƾϢǸ̬ͯƵġ
ȻẢͯһݣ޴ӷ
һֻϢǱȴ
ӣµ˰죬ڵȵϢͰˡȵǣҶؾȻҲһˡ
Ҷأ㡭ǰվҶصǰЩǵؿ˾ϢͰһۡ
Ҷôǲʲôõ¡
ǵǺͺ£Ҷؿˣæû£˰ҰѳӶˡ
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ԣҶһš˵ģʲôǵá
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ϢͰ˾ܿıҶؿܸӣݣһʱЩ
ȷҶصİȫۼˣӣݾûжҶص˱뿪ˡ
ǾϢͰ˶
ӦûûеɣҶصжã
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Ҫ֪κڳһ̶ġ
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ƽһһ⣺ǸʲôΪʲôҵĴмûУ
Ȼûˡֵʱ̫ˣ֪ƸʱǼʱ֪ҲǺ۵ۣ֮й˽·ǳޡ
ϾȻӣλѵˣ
ҲˣҶ֪ǵĻϢȴ˽޾ϸ
Ҷһ㶣漴ͷ
Цеǳ˵ģȻܱ֪

òҵˣϢʵرҶرڻȻһҶظǵͻ飬Ҷûʵ壬뱧Ҳ
ˣϢرҶʲôʱӵʵ塣
ԵĻϣ㵮ʱԱšֱҪʧȥ䣬˺ܶ鶼֪ΪҪһ׵£һ¶ߣضֹ
ԣҵǰһЩá
ҶԲ⣬˵Ǵ
ϢͰ¶⣬ЦҵĴмٲףҲ©ҪϢ
Ҹ֮䱾Ĺϵѵ𣿡
ԡϢͬСɣһ֪飬Ի᲻ؽֻԼһ
-

981 Լ

ʲô취ҶЦЦ
Ϣ֪ҶضԼȫȻΣڵԼĴڣͬҲǱĴڡֻ£㹻飬кʹаʱ
ҶһΪ˵ףһԸԼأ
ҰϢҲ
Ҷһ㶣ʲô˼
˵ҸԸԼϢ
ǡ飿ҶһɵؿϢУ˵ıһֻڷ
Ȼˣ㿴ıֻҵ֮һϢЦ
ҶˣԻķʽǰ
Ȼ
㵽˭żֽ䱸ʵ
ΪԷʵش𣬲Ϣֱӵǰ֮Ϣ÷ԨҶһˡ
֮񣬰
Ҷ͵صɴ۾˵ǰ֮񣿣
Ϣͷ
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Ϣͷ
Ҷسһ漴Щɵؿأ
ϢüǰѲɲ֪֣

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Ҷ֮ǰΪֻͬڿ
ȻҶѾŬάƽˣ;Ϣı黹͸˼ֹŹ֡
ǡϢôҵˣ
ٿô˵ѵ𣿡
ԣϢͰı鶼Щá
м䡭̫ˣһʱ˵壬Ժָ֪ˡ󣬾Ϣ
ţ
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һġϢ˵ÿ϶ȴڲ
ǵûмҶزᰮǡǹȥ̫̫ļˣʵ᲻á
᲻ҶضЩõļһ֪
ҶһһʱЩ˵ζ
Ϣڵܰ˵һӪڴ֮ǰҪȷһЩ顣
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ԣҲؿ˹
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ҶصͷȵҶӣܹԼдҶϡԴ֮󣬶ԷΣҶ֡һ֮ܵõıӻϢǧ꣬ٴθ
ǴأϢʵֱӻӦòûд۵İɣ
ûҶؿڵǽдϵ鶼ҪΪ򣬷Ҷ䣬ȻҲ䡣
Ϊ
ϢͰһ㶣˹
һŶŴǰеļ䣬һԾʱˣǺʵν򡭡ǲ籾Դ
ټ򵥲£ҲûǸʵʵ顭˼ҲûôУ籾Դǵĸûɡ
Ϊˣ˲ž㵲ѡ
ô򵥣һɵֻĻûдʲô𣿡ΪٻһЩΪأǲ񣬲ܲʲôġ
ҪĴۣҶزΪѵʹЩ飿
˶٣ȻΪÿһдҵ
ԼҶ𣿡Ϣʵ
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ҶҡͷܣҵҶֻȻ䡣Ѱʱ򣬳ҶǲΪʹµġ
Ļаܹô鶼վߡϢ
˵ʵĻ˼ް⽫ԼдϣϾǶڱ׵顣
ʲôʱʼҶҶعͺͺ֦ʵ
ҶЩ˵ҵͻ᳤ҶˡŲͺͷء
-

982 

ֻ࣬û취ϢȣȻѾҵҶأȷİΣҲûٳǿֱ֦˯ˡ
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ҶرصȥÿռеԼϽء
Ϣȴǽס
㻹ʲô£Ҷɻ
Ϣ̾˿֮ǰӦûѻ˵ɣ
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Ϣ˽ɲһ꣬ô౲Ӷѻģùˣȴġ
ԼӦòֹ֮ǰ˵ЩɣϢʲô
ҶɫȴѾ˲
˶Լʵ̫˽ˡ
ҵ£ʵ
ϢǿˣԼ˵ٶ࣬ٳ֤ݣڼһƬհ׵£Ҷضֱ
µݣԷǱŻɡ
ţֱӴյҶǰ˿ֱӾͽһƻ˿ҶصС
ҶػһϸСĻ˿·ȼĻ֣嶼
˾ǣԼƻ˿û˿ų⣬ƺҪԷ
Ҷ۾Ҫɳˡ
ԣҵ£ãʵ
ǧȷϢЩð֮ѵƭˣ
ҶطŶͷһʱᶼ֪˵ʲô
̫ˣ⵽˼ԶԷϾ֮ͬĹϵ
ԣڿԸ㵽ʲôϢʵ
ʱʵЩġ
ҶʣѾ֪޲ˡ
Ҷӵйְ𣬶ҡֻҪǹҵ˼룬ᱻ֪
ǾϢ²⣬Ҳɵһ
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㡭ѵǴڲƭֶν£ӪЩӵʵ
ѵûйĹϵʶҶġ
Ҳʹüıģ̹
Ҷز֪뷨˸۵Ȼˡ
ΪʲôϢ⡣

ҶӵǲǡǱо֮ǰ˵ǰ֮Ҳûʵ֤ݰ˵ˣ£Ҳ˵ȥʱֵ¶֪ٹһԺֻܵ˾ˡ
㡭ϢЩЩЦЩ֪ѡǴҪ֪ڿһ
ΪʲôҶһȻбףǡ
ΨһҪĴ۾ϡ
Ϣһ㶡
ҶȴĿƵܳΪˣһ֮ӣǶԣϺһ𣬺߲һǰ߸Ҫ
˵빲к棬֮ǰ˵ЩҲģ뱨νͬȵġ

ҶسǸĵĶܸʲôڵkֻǵkͷĹߺ߹Ը⵱kߺ߹飬޲ǵkҪ֮Ķ󡣡
𣿡
ϢȻ
ʵȷʵˡΪʲôԸʹͬ
Ϊ
ǵģٽҲÿƣһʱĵͷǶԲʲôµһӵͷһ̧ͷһӵ϶ƿУҪίȫ
ˡ̾˿һġ
˵ˣް͸˼Ӧûġ
ͬѾ˶԰ĿͰްĵĳޣ˼޴йķŭҪɣͱ뽫ɱ
ʣµ顭鶼ԸվһӪ
ȻָЩЩаһ˵ˡ
ЩеԭϧëЩаôۡ
ڴԣֻҪΪkõģаû𡣺ΪڵkԿܻһЩ
Ҷգգ۾Ϊ£飬ػҵ
СȻô˵ϢȴһӲµĹǣЦģȫŵ飬Ҳġ
Ҷص֮ǰ᳤ҶӣҲζ޷齨ϵһЩͻзڵĻᡣ
ǳһˮģǾͿˡ
ˣϣϢֻҶظ
-

983 

ϢһѶ˼ްȻԥǲû˹
ǲϢȫϢǶѡ˴Ļˣȫ¶ļҲС
Ҳˣһ·ѵʱҲ٣Է˵Ľ㻨˽ŵִӢƽԭǰ
֪ҶؾȻת˾֮־֮С
ȻȾϢԼ˵һ֮˾þòܻ
˼Ҫް˽Ϣüͷѵ롭ػҶص
ްɴ۾ϢһȻʲô𣿡
ˣ˼˿
Ѿռˣռķˣʣ֣ǰϣڡΪҶҲռһˡϢ˸˼Ļѭѭ
Ȼû˵꣬ͱҶشˡ
˭˵ռķ˵ģһֵ
ѵǣ˵ҶأǸ˼ްŰֵؿ˹
ҶصͷȻˣ֮۵˲ġ
ʲô˼ްü
Ҷص֮ʮֵˣϢ˵һռһ֣ռһ֣ʣµġԭǱϷˣҳ֮ȴռ֣ռķ֡ڴ
һмǼһĳ֮۵˸еkķݡ
˱Ҷ˵ˡ
֮۵ôҵķݣ
˵ʲô
ֵҶˣǡ֪𣿡
˼ߣ£Ͳ˭֪ĺòã
Ҷطô֪
ϢüģȻشǵ⡣
Ҷؾ˾ߵ鷢Ŵؼһĵλ֮ϣǳ񣬵λҲҪһԭŴ񽫾֮ϣͳ顣ŴȻһŲ˴ǰûиı䣬ָΪ鳤ðݻ֮һˡ
˶٣ŰܲϲΪŴףһˡ
ѵû𣿷ĥ˺˺飬º³á
Ȼûע
ȥΪû˶֮ԼѾû˴ڸУȻ˭뵽Ȼռһˡ
ڴҶز֪еĸпǲ֪Ͳ֮۵Ĳ𣿡
ҡͷ
Ҷط˷Ҫ֪ԭУ󶨣ӸԼǣŴ֮ϣͳǵһһС֮۵ĻṹˣĹ鴦ߵıԴ֮ڴ˻ϣСչǹǵĴڡͬʱĸҲ֮ϡֻҪһգԶΪ޷˽ġ㣬֮ԼСת֮
Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽ǣΪ飬һոջСΪ⹶Ӳд֮ۡ
û뵽ǣkȻ籾ԴΪûõkԳ룬ģλ񣬺ݽߣԼȴԾڸλҪԼ˽֮ϡ
Ĵ֮۵ôеkķݣ
Ϣʵ̫ˣϢĿɿڴ˺ð졣
Ȼǡްһš
˭뵽λܵȻǱһСˡ
ȵȣ˵֮۵˸ûдķݡkЩĳɹô£
԰
ϢǶӦˣǴһ˶ûУkٸϺʱҲһ޳ɵġ
ⶫ˲һã˿϶С
Ҳ˵֮۵ûkķݣ֮⣬ǻкܶС𣿡Ҷص
˵˷׷׻Ȼ
ǰ鷳ˡҶЩΪѵȻģkһǶĿڱȴǲϾЩĹ࣬Щ˽أkҲһֻ۱һֻ۵ġ
϶ԣԼСģʵЩ̵ģΪǲ˿˽ĵġ˵һ£Щҿ£Щ
˵Ҷ̲סЩ̾ˡ
Ҫ֪֮۵籾Դ֮ͬЩҲλС籾Դ
Ҳ˵Ƿռе籾ԴȲ˵ܴkǶİֻkһʯ٣Ǿ͹ͷ۵ġ
ڳתöҶôһ˵Ǻܿδ֮⡣
-

984 Ҫ

Ϊע⣬˶ߴ֦ϡ
Ҳ˵ĿǰҪĿǱ֤Ҷܹ˳Ϣڵûɣ
˷׷ҡͷ
͵kҲûʵ壬ֻܰں海ңԵ֮Ҫܽkצˡڵ
ҡ˼ڵҷÿһʱ䶼Ҫһη裬ǰҲûЩа񿪵ʼʩӦòỳʲô
Ϊŭ֮񣬸˼ͱңһֱʹȻȴʵʲôˣö֮ÿǧʱ䣬Ҫ衱һΣһδɱ䡣
ÿʱ򣬸˼Ҫôа񿪵Ҫôӱģֱɱˡ
СϢ㾡ܶɱа񣬲صĿȴǾԲܷŹ
˭˼һ
|֮Ͷ֮񡣡Ϣ
һԵİɫҲѿ
˵λаǿǴΪаһǣλǴרְаģԭ򡭡
|֮ͼ۰ȴŴףɣ󻹱ʥԴеµƤⶼˡ
˵|֮޷ġϧһţ˵а֮һ
ڶ֮λԭͬ񣬶һǹ֮һŮ
Ů񵥴棬ȴƭĻǱƭý񶼽˳ȥѪǧ겻ýѣܵƻתְ˶֮
Ϣ֮һҪλаǰΪ֮ģԸŮֶαɣвŮĵȾ˵ɨء
ζϣҶĵ˵ġ
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ŮΪϵ֮һ֪֮֮仹ûйΣ˳ܲġ
˼ȴЩΪѣ˶Ұ
û£µķ֮ѶϢ֮㡣һԵް
˼˿ǾϢʱСһЩǧҪ©˿˷ҶصĴڡ⣬Թ޳ڲܺҶص޽Լǰ£Щ˵Ķǰٷ֮һٵġ
㲻õġް
ҾûҪжϴЩ֮ϵ룬ӦòϲİɡһЩһΪҲῴߴ
ֻ˼ȵŪ֮ϵжЩ̶ܹ֧Ԯ
ò鰡ü
½ҡްΪ޵ĻЩҵļɵӦġһС磬kǾͻἱææҵʱ£ܲ̽Ϣ
ԼأСĲҪݾߡ˼
أˣ˼ްڰ˾Ϣ
ҪҶءϢ붼иоҶصӦúܿˡ
ԣҶЩȵؿһۡ
״˼Ļв׵ġ
һҶٵ̸ǴѶ˼ڵ
ްҲͷǵʱܸϻ͸ϻǲܡ
۾Цǻᾡܸ£סkĽŲ
ԣ˼Ҳ¶һթЦݣûޭʥɽ¹Ǳ߶кܴ©ӡطһ£ס
طǴչأһˣԲӲ
ôЦҪ˵˽ˣȻkȴ𽵹ˡ
ҵʱȥħߡްЦյЩаչڷԼΰܣҵҪһħߵħй¶Ⱦ䣬kûƤ޶ԡ
˼ް˴㣬ֶжɣûж뿪ˡ
ϢΪҲҪϰˡ˼ް֮󣬰ȻҲҪߡ
ȥĶϢü
ıЩ֣żȻ̹Ȼ
ѲΪֻʲӵף㣿ЦЦ
Ϣһ㶣Ǳ·ʣѵǣ
ȻǡȻ£ֺܿЦȻǶ飬еҪԣҲҡ
Ϣߣ˭Ҫˣ
˦˦ЦߵһҲ֪һ񶼹ŵˡ㣬Űɡ
˵꣬˻־뿪ˡ
ϢסһԵҶ°˼еҵĹˡ
-

985 ϶

һߣϢ鱾ȻһҶصĻʱ㲻ˡ
ҶؿȤʵǰ
Ϣֵ
Ҷ᲻鰮ӣȴ̲סЦˡ
㿪ЦݣϢǵӲһӾɢˡ
ƺԶֻҪЦݣı᳹ƽ
ǰʲôݰҶѾžϢˣ̲ס˵Ĺȥ
Ϣһ㶣ʼֻǸࡣ
࣡Ҷصɴ۾Ȼһࣿ
Ĵммǽ
鰮ǰһô䰮ʧȥҲʹһܱһ顣
⻹ǺõģµľЩһʱģܻѰ˶ȹһã¶ˮԵˬһʱȴһʹ࣬һӹڻ
Ҫ˵Ҷؿ۵ȴЩŰ
ܶ࣬Լȴûв߲Ըϡ
࿴ǼΪģԣһЦϷ
ƽǻԼܵõİǹ塭ֻ¿Ц
鰮࣬ǶԾһѡڸеĲȷԥɼ˺
һҲң˵Ļڲ
Ȼʲô壿
Ϣףոջ˵úúõģҶصɫôһѿ
ôˣЩʵ
Ҷؽ´һ飬ɫ̫õʵҺϱӡòǱɣ
ǡϱûкúϧⱲءϷ룬£ҲһҪˡ
˭أ
Ϣһ㶣ʵʶѾֹһˡ
ŻĴ
Ҷصıѿˡ
Ϣ֪ҶʲôôɫԽԽˣ
룬Ϣæǳ˿ʼԱճҪôͷϣҪôˡ
⻰˵꣬ͻȻҶ֮ǰɫΪʲôÿˣ֮Щķ
ҶصɫѿæʶʱҲ飬תС硣һӵʱҶãΪ˾ˣڶӵʱͬãΪɱȻɱˡ

ҶĻܵŭ·ƵһȫйˣΪұˣҲǸŮ
һһף·ε˼£ϢЦˣչȥϡסһ£ЦӣҴûйֹ㡣
ȻԼûʵ壬ʵϸûб׵ߵĺͶԷе黹Ҷ˺ϼ
㡭֪֪߰Ҳȥ߳ŭ֮£
ϢһͷƯ۵ʱˡ
Ǹһʱûע⵽⻰˵ģϢԼûʲô⡣
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һŸ۵ȴźӰίҶһͷҲû˵˵ǰɣôʶģôమġ
Ϣ۾һӾˣãҲûйϵҶǵء
֮ļʵ̫̫ˣϢûʡԣһһĵظҶء
ҶЩԣЩӦİģȴϤˡܶ飬ǾϢ֪ģȴܹ˵ʱû¶ࡣ
Ϣ˵ǵһӣҶһ϶Ǹʱ϶ϲ˼ģֻϲսʤʵսʤҵġˣԸԼϣҲԸԳ˼˵ϲǳ˼ãļͥҶѹ̫ˡ
Ȼ⻰ϢһҲģΪΨеһӣ
Ȼ˼ҲΪֹһҰˡ
Ҷز֪Ϣ뷨˵ڶӣ̾ϢⱲӵĻҶӦֻδﲻãⱲӵĻʵ̫̫ˣҪǵҲ̫ˡ棬ػֻͨ˵ֳǿδѾȫľĻ̸˼
ϢѾʾˡ
ƾʲôԼһ³ҶضԼȻδ
žϢ˵һһҶȴԽԽ϶ˡ
ܼհףѾȷЩȷԼģϤӾϢ˵ĺܶ龰׾˵ʱԼʵ뷨
-

986 

˹ȥļʵ̫ˣϢ϶˵˺ü죬Ȼ˵ˣʱʱ뵽һЩԼ©ϸڣһ䡣
ƫƫҶػܰϢЩƽ׳Ĺôİڶȴ·ʵĻղݡ
龰һֱӣݹ
ʲôˣɫףҶصĵʵ
ҡӣݰһӣЦˡ
ˣҶһʱûӦ
ӣݵͷҵӣ˵һȥӱϴ·ģӣ»ȥ˫ЬӵĹͲˡһλ˵һǿ˵
ҶˣɫǻѾˣ
ӣݵͷǰ䷢ӣЦĶγ£͵͵ȥ£ıѾˡ
ľıֻԼ֪ӣȴΪ⣬֪ӣЦɻʱѱʱᵽؽȥ
֪ӣЦĵӦòɣҶɻ
ֻԼ֪ǡӣɫѿһЩطܹͨҵǵıģ¡
峤û˵ʲôҶüʵ
˵ʲôӣݾ峤Լˣʲôõİ취
ҶһΣҲﲻæ
ӣȻ֪ȴǽϣĿ䵽˾Ϣϡ
Ҷһ㶣ȴʲôû˵
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ҪǣʵЩ⣬˭Ҳ֪ʱӣʲôӦ
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״ӣﻹ᲻ףʱ¶ЦͲһ˵ˣεѹΪ̫Сˡ
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˶٣ȵԺҶͬˣٰߴҡ
Ȼ֪Ҷص׽ԼıŵĶֻʱĸܣⲻСܣӦҶصĵˡ
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ʱ뱩¶Լ¶ӣݶԲףҪ֪˽ǮҶܲضʵͲضʵġ
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987 

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988 ħƽԭ

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ûаħ֮ǰЩаΪȥҪôסԼܲҪôȥСħ
Ȼ˵С磬ħⶫҲңУҲ޷֮۵ͬ
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ȻԴǳ˴߹ϧС籾Դ˰ħط
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ħߴڶղƽԭصǧΪħӰ죬ղƽԭݲԭĶֲﶼˣǶǿͰҲòˡ
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ˣЩ꣬һЩͨΪ붫ղƽԭȴ޲ħȾΪħˡ
νħˣǷֱ治ġǰһǵļҲûʧȻȴῪʼѪԱò̡Щħ뿪ղƽԭصУһʼܹǰһʱţͻƲס˶ˡʱֻãصúãħ𽥳ɳܻܿ꼰һһׯ
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990 

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991 

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֮㣬ҲΪkʱ֣ԼԸλʱƺ̫ˣ
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źǳͲ˵ˣһҪΪΨһ飬֮۱Լһãһ˼ܣ׼˰Ƕŵ㣬䰬Ӷ˶š
ãǵ衭Ҳֻǲ֪۲Żˡ
ʵϣ˲֪ȴģΨҶǳ˼Ϲµȴʹ⣬һƣֱӾ͸ͬھ
ɫָǰһ㷴ûУ
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һûиǷӦĻˣʵϲǵġ
λ˵Ǳĥġ
Ҫkһֶû
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Ϊݼɵ߿֮ϵͣǶ˿¡
ʱĽ𵰿ʼѿĿĹâбɫĹӢƽԭˡ
̧ͷâԴȥ
ûôһ̣֪ӢƽԭҪˡ
˵֮۵Ҫˡ
ĵܹӰʵ̫ˡ
âɢȥھϢǰһµŮӡ
ǳɫĳͬһϵأۿɼ֮ˣǳɫüۣѩ׵һ㾫Ͼӣ̵ͦıһķɫ˫ɫ˿ƶڲΡ
ǰŮӷ·˼Уλ߳£ʥൽ£Ҳϵ¡
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ҶκһͬȴҵÿһӰӣ·㼯еŵ㡣
ҶزͷżֻȻͳɵ˼
Ϣˢغ
Ҷ֪ô౻ӣĸֲУΪʲôǵýģ
ѵ˼ԾôҪҪӼҲȲϣ
Ҷز֪뷨ҲıżȻͲ˼Ǹʱָֻ˵һļ䡣
ʲô
Ϣԭء
İȴѾӦ˹ȴ˹ȥסҶأ̫ˡ
һ仰û˵꣬Ѿˡ
ҶȻеİ֮ǰϢȻǵĹȥûôȥᵽݣǰ֮ǰˣûоܾӵ
£ϢıˡûҶء
Ƭ̺󣬰ƺͻˣ˲ᣬҶصһͷôôԼ𣿡
ȻҶܺÿߣʵЩˡңôͷڵϣҲࡣ
ܼҶشżֿյͷ൱ҵĸ룬ǲܼġֻǿ׸ʵµͷûʵġῴֻӰĸѾ籾Դפˡ
֮ǰһֱΪҶԼͷ֮ŷָ
ͷҶӡֻ·
ȻԴҲܾȡ
Ǹ˼ǵĹעЩͬ
Ѿ˳籾Դˣްһϲ
˵أѵҲѾ籾Դˣ˵ţ˼̲סϷȥ
ɫĺûȥ
ҶЦЦˣҵı岻籾ԴСҲ壬Ǳ壬
ԣ˾֮־Ȼ
ϾĿܸѰһ޶
ް΢΢üϷ籾Դ˵Ѿ籾Դôҿ
ԣҲӦˡ԰Ĵ˵Թ֮ĸܽ籾ԴΧǱҲǼȡ͸衣
Ȼûܽ籾ԴȫΧĸġ
û취ġԣҶЩεǱô󣬵ʵϣҵڻֻ꣬껹Զء
˼ɴ۾̲ס˾Ϣһۡ
Ϣܲ˼ʱ߳ŭصһۡ
Ųͯأ
ڵģǸ˰ް̲ס
ҶǳЦںͳΨһĲҲܷܡ
˵̹ԣ˲ô̹
ްã˼Ͱȴ¶Цݡ
ϢǰҶأ϶Ҫ˸һ١
ٵðǰ۵Цݸ
ҺʱްĻתע
Ҷ˰ɣҶء
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993 

Ҷ
Ҷһ㶣˼ЦˣȻеġ
˵ţԼϳһƬ˿ơ
һ̣Ƭ˿ɢһâȻٷŴ󣬱һƬСɫҶ
ƬҶܱɢŵĽɫâźÿˡ
ѪԼдȥˡҶؿڵ
ްһ㶼ûԥָҧһѪڣֱӽԼд档
һд꣬Ҷɢһâһ̣Ͷ뵽Ϸ籾ԴС
һĻ˶Щ㶣ҶЩ˼
ƺǩԼҲҳɳһ;
Ļδ䣬Ѿˣͷۿɼٶȱ䳤࣬ϵ˿Ҳˡ
ٿ߿֮ϣɫ´ܿζĽɫϵ
ϢڰձһԾ͸Ӱˡ
ҲһƬҶɡ̾˿
ң˼æ
ôһԣ
Ϣݺݵ˸˼һۡ
ȵϢ͸˼ҲҶص޽Լ֮Ҷصı仯͸ˡ
ӣѰ治ܳȥҶ̲סЦ
ڲÿǡžǳģʦƷڴϵĸоͷʾ԰ٷ֮١
˵ڵӴűȳģҪš
һȣȰħߵһˣҾҵĴǩԼ˼ŵ
ްҲ˵ͷ
ϢŤˣЩˡôϲȣ
ƼˣȴܷŭֻװҲһ
˶٣ʣʲô㣿
ԣҶزһ㶣㲻һ𣿡дŲԾί
ȻϢһ۾ˡ
ˣڵҶغ֮ǰһָ˵һļ䣬ȻǸҰ˹Ȼ˲졣
ΪˣҶѾҲָЩİ⡣
⸱ϲԽҪǿ̵ӣ˸ۣǸ˼ްЩЦ
Ϣƽʱ˵ס˰ҲҶǰƹ
ްȴǺؿŴ˺֣ҶѾ˳ʱֲʲô۶ˡ
ԣ˵ˣǰйעĴҲ̲ס˶䡣
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˼ǡգգ۾ֻȷ˺֣ʲô֮֡ǰ˵ЩϹġ
ʵ壬ѾѪˡ
䡭Ļͷ·ڵkͷһĦ˹֮
Ҫ֪δ֪ʱʲô¡
ˣֻҪһ첻嶼ŵĺ֣kһ찲
Ȼ֪뷨ܲ¸ʮ֮˾š˻֪֣˼ȴǱЦѡ
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һԵİû˵۵׵ʹȴǺΡ
أʲô㣿Ҷԭ԰Ĺ۸кһ㣬ָһļ䣬ȴҲͰ޹ء
֮ǰΪʵӡ̣˺Լǹۡ
ĲǣϢһ仰˵
Ϣ֪ʵԼõĻᡣ
ҺһȥҾȥġҲ͵
ҶûоܾϢȻĲ⣬Щϰˣ
ȥһӣݣӢƽԭԺӦòȱˣӣһѾʺˡԸ⣬һסҵĿռ䡣ҶתͷԾϢ
Ϣ˵ͷӢƽԭĲľ岻ֹӣ壬Ҫ򣬿ԳûշһЩľ塣
˶٣Ͼľ嶼ӦûͶ㡣
Ҷ۾һ뷨
֮ɣްžϢʵ
ϢҶأҶص˵ͷҪȥġ
ǵҽٻʹȥϢްɴ
˼ҲͷҲһܻһʱ䣬ǵĴڱչУرҪ飬Ҳȥš
ҶԲ
ް˿Ͽգüôڻ籾Դջȥ
һ㶣ǡ
Ҷزǵkջȥղȥˡҵĸϵ籾ԴװΧ֮ǰ籾Դȥ
ϣܿռ籾Դ籾Դֺγ
ϾѰ£籾Դֻ˲ܽĴڣȴ籾ȡ׳
˼ǡϲѾȫƿ籾Դˣ
kûȫƿع籾ԴҶص֮ǰ籾ԴõkȡһΪkˮ¥̨Ƚ£Ϊ籾Դ־һֱڳ˯С
ҵˣ籾Դ־ˣǴҪ˺籾Դˡ
-

994 

˼ǡѾȫΪˣҶصĻ˸̲֮࣬סɵʵ
Ҳǡԥ£ҶҡͷǴǽзǼʧˣ֮Ҳпܻһǡ
ûk֮۵ģ֮һ٣kԼҲɢ
Ҫģȴˡ
kλһһĥֵk۵Ӹζˡ
ҶỺ˵ôһ仰Ϣȴĸηζ泩ˡ
ֺǺǵ֮ǰ˵ˣһк֣ǳ裬ǺöһֶûС
ԣϢɿ˼ްǵõĴмͿʲô
˼ҡͷ񡭡𿴺ͷµģʵ˼صرǰļ䣬ܶϵǰҶ֪ԭ򣬻ֻΪ֮١
ֵްıŹ֣ǳҪĥʧʱ˷񣬵ʱ򣬷ƽ
˶٣ӡرǣһ̣ǳǼµĺ޺Ͷ񶾡
أ˼ʵ뵽Ŵĺʲô𣿡
ϢҡͷŴ񵹲ǸϲصˣȴǸµˣ򷨣Ӧã˵һҲڰϻһͷʱҲһ˿
˵ţ˰һۣ֮ǰԼȻ˵һ仰
ʲôڵǰĿƵĶžϢټļ
Ϣ˵𣬴ˡ
⻰ǰûж룬ֻΪŴ˵еĿϾնԭļƻֻһȻҲʲô³Ҳɴʢ
ڿ
Ȼ뵽һ˲ֹһ
˼һȻ⻰˼ѲɶŴ񽫴˰һ𣿡
Ժܴ󡣡ްĻȵ飬ͻᷢǸѰ·
ȴ棬ǵģֹ鲻ȫһϾִڱͷǳΨġ飬ǿռǳ֮⣬е񡢸Ļ񣬻Գ񣬷˳񡭡ֻҪп󣬾ͻԴԴϵ鵮֮۵СҲĵˣȴԶ
ȴܵӰ죬ɴʢһʢ
ʼ࣬һʢϵ˾ͻԴԴϡ
ˣұûгҲӵкĵλ
öˣû뵽ĺ־ȻҲΪ˰
㡭ԥ£ް㲻ڽŵҶ˰ɣ
ôʵʲôܳΪӮңˣ뽫ŵҪǶ֪ǲܵ飬ƫִǶǼġ
ԥҡͷԸΪҷŹȴԸ⡣
˶ţkһ
㣬ǰü֮ǰû˵ʵϣףҪkŪ
ǵkµ꣬ǲ˼ôС¡
ΪһԾء
ȻҶؾΪԲ̫õ磬һԣҪӹɵġ
磬Ǹɸӵ硭ʧȥһʱܲӰ죬ʱ䳤ˣƵ籾Դյֻǻ
ֵ¹Ʋȱֽ籾ԴΪеĻɫǱֱӸᡣ
Ĵʵ̫ˡ
Ҫ֪Ҷص֮ЩСҲΪΪ֮ṩԴôС˵ʧǶ֮۵ӰҲԲС
ϵǣɫ䶼û䣬һûϵô궼ȹٵȶҶġ
ʱϵƽˡ
Ҷ죬˵ʲôȴ޴˵
һ˼ް͸ǸˡҶʼԼĿǰ󡪡ԼŪѰһ㣬Ȼ̫ɹ
ȵԺҳˣԽܳţǾɥص
ᡣϢȳ֮ӦԼˡ
˵ţóһľῪʼҶͷ
Ҷغ˺ûоܾǵã˼رϲΪС¡
Ϊͷϡ棬ϡӣ֪ԼҲȴԴִ˲ƣ
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995 

Ҷصͷ̫ŨˣɢźÿǺÿЩ£Ϣ͸˺üɡ
˵ÿġ
ϢԭȻûյģСһһģҲˡ
·ûа취ˡ
ʱҵֱӻϢ
Ҷˣǲܸ˹𣿡Ĵмصݡ
ҲҪ˭ϢһȻҵ£ӵеһУġ
أһԵİҧ
Ϣһ㶣Ȼһ㻹ڡıҵ㡣
ȻˬҲûж˵ʲô
ΪϢʵҲͣ·ҲǼϢ顣
Ҷأȴʱһӵ˹
ҶתͷȥͼӣŲվڰ׿⣬һԥؿ
ӣݣҶЦҪȥأá
ӣݱһɣЩǰ㣡̫ˣӦѾ˰ɣ
һҶصģǾϲ
Ҷص˵ͷҪ뿪ˣҪһ𣿲㣬ˣԸĻԸߡ
ӣԴסˣ˵ӣһġ
˵Щ顣
Ȼָ֪֮Ӣƽԭǵľ֮أǾʹҶءҲЩ˼
ǲľΨһسֲҶͬΪľ壬سӦ൱ڼߡ
ڽ󡭡ԼЩɥ
ûϵġҶЦҵĿռкֵܶûֲһԽȥֵء
˶٣ҲӢƽԭľ壬Ը⣬ҶԽա
ռ䣿ӣһɻ
ҲΪ֮֮۵鶼Լϰ֮߳Ϊ֮
ӣһȻȻЩԥǸҪľֵأҶǳںĲŻ˵⻰
Ҹ˵ǲľһϰĶûġȻԲԶĵҲ٣ɱĺˡ
Ҷһ㶣漴Ц뵽ȥˣҵĿռĺܴܴкܶܶأӣһͲ
˶٣ҪǲţԼ֪ˡ
˵ţֱһֽӣ͵Ŀռȥ
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ʱҲ֪ԼıǱҶطŽ˿ռˡı壬֮ǰ͵˱Ҳ档
ԺǿԽһֱŵĿռ𣿡ε
ȻԡҶݸֻҪҾС
Ǿ̫ˣӣһ˷ܵ
ɣԼЩһԸ⽫峤õطҶصĿռеġ
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Щľԣһ˽ܵĵطǴűѾĺˡ
Ҷ˻᲻ǵı壿
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ȻӣΪʶһֱΪҶҲǲľ֮һҲͬΪľ壬ҶҲԲܹᲢ۵ġ
ӣ˳񣬰ҶȥԺˡ
ҶرΪҪһЩ򣬲뻹û磬ӣݾʹźƺƵһȺľˡ
ӢƽԭĲľ嶼ˣҶЩĿɿڴ
ӣݵ˵ͷЩ˼ҳ·ݳ֦Ҫġ
򴽵滹һֲǲľ塣
ǲľ壿Ҷü
ӣݵͷӢƽԭһӾӵ岿䣬Ҳʲôǿ壬ʯͷ񹤾һСǲóֲҲˣкܶ඼óֳһգǳպãǻ¡
ҾҪʹˡ
˵һ䣬رСżҪǲԸҪǡ
û¡ҶִĻȷʵҪָ˲š
е˵سЩסӣݺ
ôףҶغ
м壬ǳ౾屣壬ĸ᣻һıһţֻῴţˣиıˮֻľˮӣһһо٣òˡ
Ҳ̫ˣЩͰ͵ؿʹӦǹ
ζҶѺŪġ
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996 

ϵǣĻҶزûЦˡ
ⲻͦȤ𣿡ҶЦҪǰ˵ģӵʶţʶˮڸʶĶ
ʲô𣿡ӣ⡣
ȻǺˡҶЦе룬ţˮƽƽʵȴԼʶûȻԲʲôдҪʲô£Щھ൱޴ڵ۾԰ǰܺܶա
˵ô˵ʵȻ
ʮг״ԪŵﶼǶ˵ͨġЩƫŵ˲ţһʱòҪʱǾϲˡ
ңǰҶػԿռı¶Ϊ˭κһӵԵĿռ䣬ǲֻġ
ô˵ɣȻĴڻĿռеصľܶСһС罵ĩʱ硣
ȻǿռеԶûֻлۣսֻۻ֮ν֮žܿãֻһͻ˱
ˣŨҲȻ
ˣռʶȵһ޺飬ǲõܹĴȡ
Ժܶ˵һ򵥵飬ڼķִ磬һղþͻ⡣ȻҶضԣ¾ǱһǺͳԷˮһ򵥵顣
˵ΪӻԼʱշ϶ȡĿұ֮һ
ˣҶضԣЩĴȻռһôûеġ
ϾռȻãۣ֮粢ȱ£һǸġ
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ЩڿռкܴʽеĲľ壬ͬʱһ̶Ҳܹµ
ֲĹһЩͶֲһ̶ǸĴڡ
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Ҷʵʹ𣿸ߵĻԺҪһֱڿռˣ˲ԸĻҲǿ
˶٣ȻǶпҲԶڷǳתתʱ䲻ܳҲƵ
ģȶʹġӣݵ波ζܹһȫıӻ֮ġ
˶٣յҶضСȻֻһʱģȵԺӹˣ˵׼ĳϦʼ
ʵˣҲҺ˵Ļ첲ա
ҶȻҲЦģ
ЩԸԼߵ嶼սռ֮Ҷؾ͸Ϣ˵һ£Щԡ
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ԣɴ۾ǾϢüۻЦǵĺӡ
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Ϣ˵ͷұӲɣ񡭡ȴǲõˡ
еְ𣬶Ҷضԣײ顣

ȲҪٵõ֮ٿǰѺϢ
ҶظպðָһĨƣû
ᣬüʵʲôʱ
ϾܳϢ
˵ţѾ̣ûȰӦǰˡ
һߣֻû´ﵽⶼˡ
ϢҶأɫһ㻹û֮۰ɣлᣬҴúÿ
һǰ仯ҶĿɿڴ֮໹Щ˼
г˼ҲãĺþͬһŻ𣬾ȼţ޷ӡ
ǰľϢЩġ
˿񡭡һġ
ҶزЦá
Ϊʱ˵֮һ࣬Ҳܿ羰дмУҲľɫ
ָֻоǸĻһȱ˼ζ
ˣھϢ룬ҶػǺĶġ
˵ʱ˿̣֪˵Ĺ˵һļ֮ҶضԾϢʱżɬֺ棬ԼȻʶİ⡣
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997 

ǻû
֮ѾаˣȻ˵Ӧñ絽ľϢҶȴ񶼲Ӱ
һʼûеһ£ֻΪൢ˾ͻ˭뵽
뵽ȥĿݵȣˡ
վڰǰһȵ̣봹Դƽǵġ
ʵѾʼð亹
û취ȻֻǸ࣬ⲻǸͨడ
ο¡Լȷʵռ
ŭ֮º͸Ů¸ոմѶҪǰǱӦҲյϢվͻ룬
ʵҲȷʵˣյϢϢ̾˿Ҫȥˡ
ҶҲЩʧǾͻȥɡ
ȵȣ˵ţϢ͵͵õһȡ˳ͷϵصõĽ֦ܷŶöỵ
ҶΪһЩ͹ԭͷȻܱȴ޷ȫ𣬾Ϣ뾡취ƯͷΡ
֮ǰ˺ܶ෢֮Σͻ룬Ҷشܺʣ־ͨױ棬Ū
Ҷһ㶣ô
ǰȷʵƯ֦ͬһ㣬֪ˣ϶벻⻨ǡʵϡġ
ǰǸŮ㲻˵ĻƯ𣿡Ϣ
Ҷһ㶣ЩЩεҾһ˵
ϲ𡣡ϢҵǾû֮ǰζʺ㣬Ժٸ
ҶһϢ˵ûǡ
Լλ֮żɭŮ񣬻ȷʵЩ鱦θʺϡ
˻ȥʱ򣬲ڣ˼ްҲڡ
˼Ҫ٩һȻްһҰһִˣȰԼǩˡ
ްϽд񶼴ֻһ̫ˣЩڱչУ߲
˼Ǳߵࡣ
æ˺üǽԼǩáˣ˼ްûжħߵ黹ûȫаԾȻҪš
һӺǧ޽ԼҶһꡣ
ϢԼЩ޽ԼҶȴҪȥ籾Դһˡ
ôˣϢһ⡣
Ҷü֮ҷ籾ԴƺЩԡ
ʲô˼Ϣʵ
Ҳ˹
Ҷüĵ籾Դľͷƺʲô
籾ԴľͷϢɫЩá
Ҫ֪籾Դľͷǿ֪ġ
䣬иĶԹޡŭʡʡֻҪĵģѻ籾Դľͷ
ǸطÿҪǰȥʵо
־жɲûΣյģ;Ϣ֪֮λ֮񡢴Ů񡭡Щ֮Իô죬ԭڴˡ
ʵ˵жʲôõĶ𣿡
Ҷغԥ͵ͷǶȻ籾Դǲõģҵıܲᷢ
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˼ް߾ͱл֪Ϊʲô˶ûоܾ
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һƬɫУҶشԽԽԶأǰֻɫк
֪ǽ籾Դľͷ
Ȼûж˼Щȵ
ҶƲƲ죬ڰأȻ᲻ûɻǿ˵á
һã̲סû𣿡
ϢҲЩ죬Ҫ֪ȻûҲܸӦĻƶҪӽˡ
һ·ҶЩ
ԽߣǻĶؾԽ죬ָоǿеľ衣
Ҫ֪ΪҶʵûģҪǸϵӵеڶš
ܹöž裬֪ǰĶж಻򵥡
ҶûԼĸ˵˳
ԣϢ˶ȫ䱸֮󿪿ڵѵǳ
ްüǺǳ񡣡
һ˼ȴ˭벻ıﲻһ
ǡʱһŨͻȻӿҺзҶΪ̱ȣ򱻸˼ްסˣȻͷˣȴõվԭء
ǿĸʴԡ˼ŰƤ̲סզ
ĸ飬ʴȻͬһ㣬ǰΪ̥ʱԿˡ
¶Ƥ϶ǷڵСݣҶؿľ۲ۣ
ʹ̺ۿۡ
-

998 ֮

Ҷûж룬˹ʱ˳Ʊ㱧סЩ޴ذοһͺˡ
û˵꣬뵽ԼļܣæһĨ̹ӶƤ̼ͻָˡ
ûоʹ˷֣ɱҶءҶֻ£ͷ
Ȼ֪ǣĽǶȣƵĿ⿴Ϣ˼ްȥ͵͵Ц
ϢֻۣҶص֣Ҳ˲
ʱԸǸˣȻƫƫǸŮˣԴԵûȣԴ׵Ļֱ
Ҷ˼ȴЩϣʱֻûĺëҪˡ
üһӣҶͬѵĺһ㽫ǰĺɢмëȻĶ¶˳
ǡɴ۾ڿ־塣
ʵϣǰ仨ˣɫĸҶƬɫ꣬ǳɫΧƣɺɫĻ·һλĿĴ˰Ȼ
Ȼκһ˿Ķ᲻⡣
Ϣ͸˼üްѾɫ֡
Ƕ֮
֮ɻ
ް˵ͷ֮û´Ӧþǳµĺ֡
ɫص׼ƶŴ֮ǰǳֳ˶֮׼ڶŴ񷴻ʱʹõȻΪһЩ͹ԭ֮׸첻ˡ
ʲô͹ԭ򣿡˼ü
ް̾˿νܹ֮дݻһ˵־
׼ȷ˵һ˵־ȫĶܹ֮ݻ־ѪʶΪʳɾҲĴڡ
Ȼ֮֮ǳֶ֮ĳʵ̫ˣҪһ֮ҪĸҪļ
׼ȷ˵Ǵļ
ļ
Ҷ¶𾪡
ްҵĴмУ֮ʧǳûзϡϾ̫֮ΣˣҪһ֣Ҫ֮۸ֲɿصأûгɹʵ˿
ǳŪŴ񣬵ɾΪһ֮
Ϊ֮Ժͱ֮Ժˣ˭뵽˵̲ס̾Ϣû´֮Ӧþǳĺ֣Ӧ֮ĴҲԼ
ԣ̲סһ
ʵǡǳ񹻺ݰ˾綼ΪĽࡣ
ô죿˼Ŷ֮ⶫҪʲôܻٵ
ٲԥãް˵ʵ֮ӦѾˣȻήӣʼݻ־ʱΨһܹݻٶ֮ġֻл֮
֮˼üʲô
ҶҲһãȻ
ް֮Ǵӻеһˮһֻ䣬аɫǶ䱻ŴժߣɫǶ䱻ժߣǳ񡭡Ϊһûе֮ժˡ
һһ֮ǲһģɫǶǴ֮س֮ʱ֮ĽϣɫǶѪɫ֮س֮ʱһĨ֮Ľϡ
ûв´ܹٵ֮ӦǴ֮
˾þûпڣ˼ؿϢͰϤŴ֪ⴿ֮𣿡
ҶغްҲ˹ȥ
ȻǾͷ֣ϢҲãҲã˵ı鶼ЩŹ֡
ôˣ˼Щ⡣
ϢûпڣȻᰬҲ֪Ҷжѡ£Ϊ˰Լûʸ˵ġ
ռ˴мıˣⲻַ˽
ȥ̫СĻǰҶ֮ԼӰ¹Ҳˣֱصˡ
֮ҡ
ȫ𣿡˼Ҳʵ֮ôߴϵĶʹһࣿ
ˣҧгݵô
˼æҡͷûû
Ȼ˵̲꣬סЦһ֮Ҫô죿
Ҷüܻ뵽취ģŶ֮ûнʵǻʱ䡣
Ȱﾻһ°ɣӻһ¶֮ʱ䡣ް
¶ͨԻкܴΣգǶԲ˵׾٣Ҳʲô¡
ҶڣΪͳе֮תͲ䣬֮Ǿ֮͡
-

999 ŭͳ

籾Դ֮󣬳˿ʼǩԼæµ˼죬֮Щء
ʲôһգҶǧϷԱʵ
Ҷһ㶣ع֮ЦЦڵĺʲô
񰡡
֪ǲҶصĴܾðıЩ΢
ܿ죬Ļ֤ʵǲĴ
ҵ˽⣬Ǹǳߵˡ鵭۵׵ƺ˵ס
ߣҶЩ⡣
һߵĴʵ
ô˵ɣУʲôһޣ֮ڵ˺ͽ֮ˣõĴȻͬ
ֻн֮ڵˣܵõļֹעˡᱻӡ
ܵ˵һΪ߰ˡ
ʱΪȴõ˶ŵİĽּޡŶŵǲҶзֺһŲڣǿҵ͸ණһֱԲ䣬˵ǶŹ۵㡣
˶٣Щˣһˮûзʧˣſɲκҡ
ǳǲһġЩǳǱӣȫȫҡ
˵ȡЦĻǳ¶ϵıӣӲǸĵġ
ȻȻҵģǳ趼ϲȻ裬ǳ
ҲΪʲôᱻǳƻһԭµ裬ͲϹ
Ҷգգ۾áĺֻģ
ˣ뷨ǳˣǣȴһֱָҪ
˼ǡҶ˼
費ִҪʲôͻõkʧȥʲô
Ȼˣʲô
Ҷص⣬ϢҲ͵ĵȻǵkȨˡ
Ҷغɵ
ǡϢҶԴ˽⣬k㲻侲Ҳ㲻ǡ
Ҷһ㶣ģ
ܼ򵥰kҪ侲ǣܰԼٵˣϢʵ
ҶضʱȻ
ȷһ磬СҲô׻ٵģ硣
Ͼ籾Դƿǰ£ڵٲףҲǰڳĩʱ磬Ҫٵһ硭ǲ˵϶Ĺ
ֻⷽ濴ȷǸ侲ǵˡ
ôˣڴʱ֪ԼҲɢ¡kɲԤԣ޷֪Լܹ͵ȴԾɵˣʲô
ϵ֮һϵеΪ׾ܵóһۡkʮ֮˾ΪԼȨ
ˣʵʵڵǸҰļңָkûйϵ
ҲˣڴԣµģµʧȥȨΪܿܿб׵һӡ
Ҷһô˵ΣҪǳСࡣ
ȷˣǡϢ㻹֪λУΨһһܹԤ֪񡣡
Ԥ֪Ҷһ
Ϣ˵ͷֻ֮ǰжŴǳ֮ڣԤ֪𲻵á
Ҫ֪ŴΪ磬Ȼʵǳ񡣡
Ҳ˵ʱ򣬶Ŵǳ񶼲ˣǸʱԤ֪ܹ޶ȷõʱ򡣡
˭Ҳ֪ʱ򿴵ʲôδжԶ
Ҷضʱһ
˼Ҵҽʱǵ⣬˶ˡ
ô˵Ϣü
˼üģһǳĬˣмȻӵǰļ䣬ȴܽĴԶǿҿ
ԣԤ֪ʲôҲ֪
Ϣǻʧ˼һ飺ǣʱЦŵġ
Цŵģһ㶣ʵЦ
˼°͵ҪݵĻǡŭͳ
Ҳ²⣬λΨһʵݵˣҲˣķŭӿԼΪ񣬽ȴһСŭڴˡ
ǷǳģΪֵֺĺƽ֮˵Դ
𶼹ŴİԵǳĹܣλԵĴʵ˭Ҫ˼
һ˼ˣΪʲôĺ֣һʱỹ²ⲻ
ڰհ͸˼ķλӦûȤ
ˣǿȷ²ܣ֮Ƚ֮
-

1000 

ԼԽԽҶصĸϵԽԽӴ̧ͷȥ߿ƬɫѾʧȥ˴Ӱǳɫĸϵʵʵֻ´¿ЩӰӡ
һϣҶʱ򣬷Լ˵ڶļ䡣
ϢһеüΪƯˮƴ̵ݹʱ򣬷ҶؿĿЩ΢
ôˣʵ
Ҷزɱһûʲô
һ㶼ûʲôϢü׷ʲô£
浣ǣҶҲûһΪһ
Ϣһ㶣۾һΣȳ˼һ򱶰ɣ
ʱûк޹ңȻһ仰û˵꣬ͱҶشˡ
Ϊʱ򣬵ҲûкڹԼѡܺãȴеŸࡣ
Ӧûްɣİ֮ͱһ
Ϣһ㶣ȻûкޣǺģڷҲҵʱǵľûˡ
һҺ֮ѡ磬ѡһ𡣡
㹻ˡ
Ҷ˵δģⲻĸǳˡ
ܹԷһⱾͲһ׵顣
ԣҶЩ⣬ģǰοңþϢοĿܻǺܸߵġ
ġϢһˮݵߵûѵıҪ
ҶһҲǣϢ˵ʱǺԼģδػģεǻС
ӾϢĽǶȣλһ£
ͷ·ĳűˣԴ֮Ҷÿ춼ָһļ䡣
ԼûоϢȴиоˣÿһʱ䣬Ҷ̬ȶЩ仯
ֱ仯ǻ£;ϢĸоǰҶԽԽϤˣֶ֮֮һеǡ
һµʱ䣬Ҷػָеļ䡣
ʱ˿̣ڱҶصĸϵװ֮󣬸߿ϵ籾ԴͲӰˡ
֮ҶظžϢ֮۱˼꣬Ϊ˱ģһЩûа취뿪ԼĹϽأٲź˼ҵ޽Լ
֮⣬ǻ˲ʴܹӻ֮ʱ䡣
Ȼ˵һЧûУֻЧ΢
⣬ҶЩҲ˲̡Ȼ飬ʵ޼е̣ӵС
ֻǲͬھϢǣҶصΨһҲĿռ䡣
ͬѰҶصĿռܲųɳġ
ȥУҶؾСͬ⣬뵽ԼĿռС
ԺСҲΪĴĿռС˾ϲǣΪĴ֮Сһ˸֪ƶˣ浥ܹ֪˵Ͷ⣬̶ܴǵİȫԡ
ˣ֮ЩĻڶŮҲΪĴ
壬ҲҶػָȻȻΪĴ塣
ǣЩҶȴϵʱһЩܹռ壬ѰԷչ
Ϊ˵ƿе飬ҲǻǵĴӵԲôҪ
οҶرҲʲôΪҰĵˡ
ΪԼȥֱ˴뵽ٵ֮İ취Ȼٽһ磬Ȼ˭Ҳû뵽
˼Ϣ˶ˡ
˵ʲôϢһš
ҷĺˣڶ֮϶ֽš˼ɫ
ʲô˼ް˿ڿˮ֮ǰ˵ǳ˵𣿡
һżԳһͨͨ࣬θ˵ٷ֮һٵ˽⣿
ô£ް˼ʵ
˼Ҳû뵽˭뵽ǼֱǸӡ
ʲô˼ɫѿˡ
˵ʵţùǳҲֻǺޣȻ衭ԷʲôûԼȴĵغǸˡ
ҡ˼ҾͻȻҲԤ֪һ£û뵽Ļн
˵Ǽ̳λȫֻû˶Էߵĵλ
ҲˣԤ֪Ҳǻġ
ǰ˼ҲûٶùԤ֪ȻЧȴЩǿ⣬ͷԣʲôû
һΣȴпˡδ
ӽƶʼ˼ٱЩҲˡ
ֽ֮ţһʵݻٵĲ־塣ˣὫԼ궼Юסǰ硣˼Щص
磿¶⡣
˼˵ͷȻĿ䵽Ҷϡ
-

1001 Ԥδ

Ҷգգ۾㿴ʲô
˼һӵ֪ԼĿռ֮۵Ԥ𣿡
ϵǣҶص˵ͷȻ֪һ֮ΪֻҾͿЯ籾Դռ䡣Դ֮ҵĿռͻȡ֮ۡ
˼û뵽Ҷ֪ˡϢͰ֪ģҲްһĪ
Ȼĵλᱻǰδеİθߣʱ㲻Ϊ൱ڴһĴڡֻҪ룬ЩҲֻܳ׵׵ر֣ûκءȻ³ҲõȥkҪôҲǱɡ˼ĵ
ԣҶشסˣ㿴δģ
ϢްҲ̲ס¶㤡
ǰ֮಻Цˡ
Ȼǡ˼ҲԶɡҿδ㲢ûдҰģҲ鿪ȴҪ㼫ֹҲֻһʱ䡣գЩ黹ǳΪļƷ㣬ھϢ֮Ҳѡ˳˯
ԣڳ˵ɫˡ
ҸϢ£˵Ҳ޷档Ҷü
ֻͨ˳ߵĵλ֮ԼѾ޷ˡ˶٣˼鸴ӣЩͬҲˡ
Ǵأʵô³
֮ˡ˼ҶرлὫɣˡ֮Ͷǧ顪ָЩججֲͨ
ʶȴ֮ԼΪ͵ȵĴڣ˿ûз˵Ļᣬռȴýѡ
ްþûز񣬡񡭡ĺޡ
ϢѾҶر˻԰׵ݺ۵׵ãȻ۵û££һŬȥġ
Ȼ˵ȴԼĻж
浽ǵزԼ¾ɼˡ
ԼѡĻôҶһˣ
ıȴǳ׳ȥ
Ҳ˵ʲôҶػΪڶԼ
أҶΪôܳ˯ôأûҶأû˾ϢЩףΪһϲ࣬Լؼ䣬ʲô˼
Ǵ³˾ˬֻ뵽Ǹ棬˵ʹ졣
ǡԼܹһз
ԼȻΪű𣬵ǡͶţҪˡ
ûʸ˼ԼδΪûѯʵ塣
Դ֮󣬰ʧˣҶضԴ˵ĲѣϢˡǶһۣȴʲôû˵
˵˭пܸıǸδӹǰǡҲ֪³ڼɵġ
Ҷز
ģͬʱҲܹԣӲȥҪԼ
ǲǰ
°ԼģҶҲǷǳģûʸȥҪ
ް͸˼ûж˼ֻǾðˣûа취ǿġ
ϢǶ˸ҶС˼
ȻҶȻܹ뿪ĸϵȴ벻һʱˣ֮ĹʵЮ֮Ŀռ䡭һʲôֹˡ
գʲôˡ
֪Ҳ㵽֮ģҸһСġϢڼˡ
Ҷһˡ
뵽˼˵δϢֻĶͱѪ죬ʹϢ
϶ԣҶطÿ
ûϵѾ֪˺ܶ౲ӣ㡭Ҳ˯ˣʲôо
ϢȴһҲûа취ͻġͰѺк㡭
ʣµĻ˵ˡ
УܶʧȥµŮ˶ӵ֧Żȥζ֪Ҷزеġ
Ҳܻζֻ˿ڣĶˣЦҲˡ
ζ󲻳ûҶصûѾû
Ǻӡ
Ҷ̾˵ɣ浽ʧȥϢһ̣Ҳұ֤ԼĻĻ
Ҳ֪ȥˡҶЩĵ
Ȼϲȴܵ˺
Ϣ鵭˵ʵǺҪһµģ̸Ͻ顣
ŮͲˣҲѾû壬Ȼˡ
ϧˣҶزġ
Ұӵ̫죬ʲôҲˡ
ҶؿھϢбѾΰѣȴ۾ˣ
ôˣϢһ
-

1002 

籾Դ
һ˵ҶѾžϢ籾Դ鿴ĸ˼ްһβͣҲæ
һô籾Դ˼һ⡣
Ҫ֪飬Ҳ˭籾Դģ֮ǰÿζǸȥġ
㲻ҪˣŴԭ籾ԴԱߡΪðɽŴǷ˲˼ϢǼֲ֡
һ˵ʱ򣬰ڶ֮ԱߣĲ֪ڸʲô
֮ĻѾή˴룬ѾԶˡ
ҵǣȻûüʲô
Ҷ˿ôܵˣ
һ£Ӧرص
ҶҪڣȴǰĶ֮ұġ
㲻֪ǶôôõӦ
Һ޲óԵk⣬ȵkѪkĹ衣Ȼkû⣬ûѪҲûй衣
ô꣬ļ尾ĺޡҧһҵ⣬Ҳܳζ
һɱҵģҲʧ򡣡
ǡڲϲҶԣ˳ޣһʲô
һֱΪģǡ⼸밡룬룬ӵеѾֹǳˡ
һ㡣
Ѷ𣿡Ҷʵ
ҶصͷԣõѡûĺѣȻСô౲ӣȡ˹ȥЩѣΪ֮
ԣЦˣΨһѡ֮⣬ҴûнѣҲûԸҽѣЩ鿴ңЩˡҿǡֻжţֻʣ³ޡ
һ㡣
õ顣
ϵЦἫˣҪûк³ҲҶһҡ
ˣʵ̫ɱˡ
۾ȴָӿ㣬ҿѾĿȫǣǶżˣҲϲһıңǡˣһǺʹʹ
ûжŵ磬һҶԶʹࡣ
ʹҲҲȥ
ЦұҪ͵͵֮ģǵȵ˵طҲŷԼ֪ôҲգӢ۱ͲʺңˣʲôʱӦǹâɵġ
ްҰɣҪܻٵ֮
ްҪ˵Ҷȴһһȣ𣿡
¶ڵԣʹ࣬ǣʱǷǳģĳһ죬ʹܾͱˣʧˣҲӭȫµ
Ŀ𣿡
֪ѡ˶Լ֮۶һ£ǡ
Ҷȴ޷İá
ġƶҵʹΪʱʧģҡ
˼δѾûˣϲ࣬»᳹׵ɹ֮ۻ𣬶ҵƱҪϡʹ롣ʱҵӿɲʹ죬ֻͨͨ࣬ǵʱҲˣû˸ҵɽܹʲôӣ
˼伲־Ŀɲ̫ʺҡ
ҶȻ֪˵Ķġ
ڣܵ࣬ΪŴ˭޷ֺ
磬ȴǲ˵ˡ
ҪȰˡ⼸Ѿúˡ
ĽǶãҲǶҺá
ҶسĬˣڰĴߴУް̾˿Ѫ⽽֮һ̶ȣͻῪʼ㡣
ѪϣеĻ֮ͻῪʼЧ
˼ŵǳҲ֮ϣ
ЩݵԼ͵ɸ˶֮ϡ
裿Ҷصɴ۾
ʲô
˼ӵ鶼Լĺģǳ֮ҪģŴĺ࣬漣ǳǼļ֧ţĺľ裬޾δ
ԣްü㵽˵ʲô
֮ûô״ݻ١˼ɰͰ͵
ûϵġϵǣڵѵΪŴҵʱֻ˻֮𣿡
ʲô˼˼ɴ۾
ϢڵŴʱ򣬲˻֮Լ֮һѪԼؼĵһƹ⡣
˼һǴֱʣôˣôֻǸࣿ
ŴǴ㴴һģǡĬһλشǾϢ
-

1003 

˼һ⣬ްȴˡ
֮۲κΪ
ۣ֮ʲô飬Ϊġ
ˣ˵ӦҲһûеɣ˼ü
ⲻϡ档ҶصԶŴľ棬Ҫͼ񡣡
ҲΪƽƽ棬԰ǷǳġţϲǶŴѪǻ֮ؼһƹ⣬ûбķֺġϢ
Ҷ̲סϣܻжŴף𣿡
ܡϢ֮ͬʱĸҲͬʱڱ١
Ҷزʧȴס֣ЦûϵģĽģȥҶˡ
ıƽˣżԱĿġ
ϸһʼѪ֮ʱҶʶҪǰȴ۵׵ļᶨֹˡ
һӣûбڸʱˡЦ֪۵ģԡҪҡҵľĺòã
ҶҧŴ˵ͷ
飬Ҷֻ޲Լٴʧ䣬ԴһҪٻ
ܹòеİһһθʹڵѪò÷СԼϵ
ڼϢ԰æȴԼˡ
ʱһһţҶؾðڵѪҪɣϵⶼһʱǶ֮˶
Ե֮Ӷ֮ϴ忪ʼۿɼٶڻ֮̿ȥҲΪŵףʧȥѪڲϻָ
ҲΪˣڰԲŸʹĥ
ڵϣ۾ЩʧؿϷ૵ʵһҲʹ
Ҷ⻰Ϊڳǿ۵˶̲ס
Ȳʹ
סˣһ˲䣬Ҷȴ̲ס¡
ȴЦˣ˵ãͿһΡԺҵʱһҪЦѿˡ
ҶȴһҲЦһһߵͷ
˵ģôɲΪ˱ˣϢҿɲ⣬˭ء
ǰһֱû˵Щ̲סˡһΣһҵ߶ɡ
Ҷʱ˵ͷʲôҲ֪ˡ
ϢҵĶſɲԶˣҵĶֻһϢҲǿˡ
˵˵ţǰڵʱҾԼкܶܶίԲŻǳŮ˵ĵ룬ʵһίûܹ
ˣȴǱˡͬǳǻʹΪŮްǻŭʹΪŭ֮ĸ˼ȻšܲŭҲܲޣҵİȴѹ˷ŭͺޣϢǰ֮񰡡
ʱ򣬶Ϊ㡣
ȥġ
ȵ̫ˡ
ҶӦңΣһҪҰѴŪҪĥһ͸ˡ

˵˺ܶܶ࣬ҶһֱڵͷԽ棬ԽֱһŽɫڳɽ˶֮С
˲䣬֮ʼ֩һѺۣҲû
Ҷ۾ѾˣҪȥ壬Ȼȴ̼仯ΪӰҲӰ
ȴǣǻ࿪ʼϲ
Ҷһȥ𣿡
Ǿȥɡ
䣬һĨʹؿڷɳ˶֮С
Ѿ˳ҶضԣŵǽĴڣȻ˻кܶô
ȫˡ
ը֮ҷ籾Դָƽͷ·֮ǰӿֻǵһΡ
˼ްϢ뿪ˣϢȴҶ
Ҫ֮Ҳֻؾͺˡ֪˶ãҶؿڵתΪ࣬źͰҲһ
ֻأɢҲ޷תϢ̾Ϣ
Ҷزɿɬ
߰ɡϢڵ
ҶЩ󿴣ȻʲôûУǰ·Ҳʧˡ
һ·ϣҶʼѻģϢҪ룬ڰԣĽġ
ܲϲ⻰ǰοҶء
֪ŴڵʱʲôģİӺǰʬˡ
ͬҶصģڰ˸У˿
ԲҲʤˡ
Ҷغγ֪ǸĵĻǻģѹҲ˾ͼ١
ϢֽҶرڻ˰˵Ļһοˡ
Ҷһ˵ͷ֪ˡ
Ϊ˰ҲҪúõġϢ
ҶؽţҾѹһ¡
-

1004 źͰ1

һʼ찬ĳġ
ʱ֮۳顭¹ЩϵĹ񣬻ǳ飬ʱ޲սսġ
ǳȲ˵ʵ͵ʹϽһҲϲ
һһŻϰ̹˿ɴ
ȻͶ˼ҪһԼȫԼ顣
Ӧô͸Ӧͬһҫ۶ֱףҲӦӵǿ
Ա𡭡ԥһ֮ѡŮԡ
ȻŴĺãĽȴЩǿ⡣
ǰòˣĿͬӤһȴһҲûе飬ƽһˡ
ع֮̾˿嶨ΪࡱΪȡ
һʼŶ԰εģҲͬġ
СΪСĴµģ˳Ϊе⡣
ڷְ鲻ͬȻųòͣȴһƬ֮󣬶ͷۼˡ
һγԹӵʱѹ˶ȥΪɤ̫ϸסˣ㴭æҰ˿ٳԼ
ȱʶһδ£һͷһϴ裬Ƕġʱͷ󺹣ڵùǺĿȴʼġ
ǸŮˣȴӣƽʱкãÿضصΡ뱾ʱͻῪĵòˣץϵҪһ֮á
֪ÿʱ򣬶жĵȥСˡ

һȣгƺǸС鷳
鷳鷳ţҲϰˣԭҲûӰˡ
ǳãһŪðֱۿˣøǳһ
ǳߺ󣬶ʶԼ԰ƫġ
Խó죬Ϊŵı뷨һ統ǰ㵥档
ÿһ¾ȥ԰ժһޱĻ͸šµʱȥЩС棬ѧС죬ǳġȵͻױһЩȥֺöš
鰮ûаԣҪҲΨһѹʱҲѹ˵ʱҲŸˡ
԰СвټʰģҶ˵˵Ự˲òС
žϲôˣ
СǾһ꣬ҵעתƵǸˣЩ̫ˡ
һǴҶˣǡ
ǸһǸжӢжᣬϲþˡ
ǸҲնƵģʲôÿģȶŲԶˣ
ᡭǻ˵û𣿶Ŵ˵ЩģҪϲģ͵ǰ
Ǹ꣬Ͳ˸Ͻߡ
ȻϵǣǸˡ
˵ϲʱ򣬰һȻôƯϲˡ
ȻĻŵֱӻȥˡ
ôˣǵСﾪ޴˽Ų΢΢ü
˹ȥסŶţǸ˾ȻҪҸӣÿֲ
һ㶣漴ɫȥĵΪ֮ͽ
ҭŽǸһҪ˸ߣû
Աĸ÷¹С÷¹ɲҿɲˣ˺öѪҪöŰæĸ÷¹ָɡ
Ű˰죬ſ˯š
óž͵֪ݡһģһľͬʳ
Ժʹ֮䣬ôΪ䷱ܺٲҪԷ̳븹ȻһЩǿܿʵˡ
ǺȻǸ겢֮УӦǱȽСԡ
һУԲ뱻̳ԣҪӵԼĺֻȥӡ
ȻһײУ簬Сĸ壬ֱ̻ܿҧӹĶĸʳسһ͡
㱩ߣǸֱӱŪ˵һ嶼ȫˡ
ҹڱİָһһ㸧ƽü塣
ã̾һ˭뵽ء
һֱðСֱǸһ飬ŻȻʶѾˣܹӣҲܹĸˡ
Ǵãðһ֪ףδûδ֪˽ɷޣһֱԼߡ
Ȼ󣬳ΪӣΪӵĸס
ڻ䰮һ
-

1005 źͰ2

̬ȵĸı䣬Լûвǳȴȷˡ
ˣǳһŵؿ
ûпڣҲû۵׵Ĳ⡣
һ֧°ͣĵѡѵѡ㣿
ԣǳǶ񺮡͸ſһҲԼŲһ·ˣȻǷŭ
ôһȣŭĿ
ŵȻ֪ǳСǼˣΪⰬǨŭûҵ˼ۣ֮ŮˡѵͱȰˣ
˲ӦģţҲͽˡ
ߡϣѡ裿
ŵɧǳɶ¶˾֮ɫ
һߣŶʱһ˵ôܰѰǱȣ
Ǻ޲֮ûˣôȣ
£ȥСˣ﷢һֻƯһëɫ۾鶯˵
Ȼܿ죬͸ֻˡ
Ȼ˵Ҫ޸㣬ʵ̫̫̫̫˰죬һ䣺̫̰ˣ
𣿡ЩĵЦ
ȻˣСȭͷôãȻҲãһ㶼䲻㣡
˭ңʵ
һҭ˵ǳŮ˿ˡ
ش𣬶Ե˶䲻ңǰ޸Һòã
ʱɴ۾ߺ˵ʲô
ĲҪü
ʱɡ
ŵҪǴλɾû´Ŷ
ҪġŤ죬׻ûסСż˷ܵ
ԣŲЦˣԴ۾ǳЦ⡣
ŶţϲҵĶԲԣ԰ʵʣΪǶţررġ
šŽЦһֱϲ𡣡
ڻ¶ʱӦ˶ŵİ
Ⱥ֮ܶ׺ν飬ȴֿѾû塣
Ȼʱ䳤ˣҲ˵ۣóЩСɰʲôҪӶǶúôҲҪ롣
ƽģ֪뷨Щε΢֣ǲŻ㡣
ҪǷʲôмֻҪоˡ
ദԽãŶŵĵӾԽ󣬶˵Ļ
˭뵽Եר綼ţǶĻһ㷴ӦûУǵع˹ıӡ
ǧչȽŮһȥʵ
һ˸Ůʱ򣬰ԴףΪŵ̬ȣ粻Щݺݺˡ
Ҳ֪εŮ᲻ϻصǿһ㣬ǧչȳ˳ˣҲûˡ¸ۡ
ҪǲϲǻŲ
ϲˮˮ򵥣ǻˮģһþͻᶪС
ˣÿ죬Ŷں߿Ǻһ
һǧյʱ򣬶һֻɫСࡣϲˣȻڷֻС೤ϲ˶ţԥͽϳ
Դ֮󣬶ҲˣϾ֮ۺܶද￴Ѱʵǲ˵ͣͨ顣
ȲԼУҲðˡ
һֱӣȴٳ޷Ը
ҪְЩ꣬Ž°͵ļѣԼĺӵġ
ûп۵ͬһҰġ
ԼΪ֮Ψһ飬ʱƬΨ𣬰ϵŻȫ⿪
ֻȷܹĺӡ
ɲϣõһȴʧȥ
֪ŵ뷨ΪҪӣҲپ¡
űӦҪȥСģΪµˣΪȥǳ԰
԰˵ǳʵأĸָλص塣
ڶŶԣ԰мȤζԣȻһľġ
ʶԼʧߣŰռˡ
ҹӵİŮĶͷԭҡ
ŵһҲˡ
Ȼ֪ǣΪżӿԭļƻ
ЩȲˣ̫֮ȤһЩֻƷеĸ֣һܳΪףðΪİ£ҫ
δˣΡ硣
Һ㣬ֿ˶
ҵİ
-

1006 1

Ҷؽ֮鶼ԼСҲ뱻еʱӵ˷ֻͨ
ַֻǳϵıͷ|𣬶Ķһ
ԽԽǿ󣬻һһڸࡣ
ԭʧȥӢƽԭٴγӰ
ǧǰʱΡ׳ۣɫҶƬӭƮͷ·һС죬ַһƮݵȹӣΡ˼صɫ
˸ӢƽԭһĵؿˣҶһ̽˽˶ЩҲ֪ĻͨϵǸ̥Ҫˡ
˭֪ϵǸ̥Ͱ֮µĺӡ
˵ǣҶغ;Ϣ̬ȷƽ֮
ǲӣ֮ǰʵЩĶǣһʱᾫϻЩ
˭뵽ڱһһƵ֮󣬾ȻҪƶֱӶǵĺӣ
ҺҶغ;ϢԺӾģĻ˵׼ܱóѡ
ֻǵΪ˽̥ϳȥίʵַ֮ΪһĥѶӻ˵ʱ䣬ǽһᡣ
ԼῪ£ȴҲҶ֮ġ
Ҫô𣿡ްʵ
£˼Ҳ˲˶ȥǳ
ʵ˼뷨ҪֱӽŪģҶΪӦ˰ҪôһĥԲŽk
ɺãô˳Ļᡣ
ް룬ҶӦ˵ʲôŹˡ
ʵҲȷʵˡ
ҶصûмСڤ粻ֲϹ˳ôתЩ磬õkСΰɡ
ЩԸ˳˵ǴʵӵҲ֪ӵĵС
˵һ֮ѣ޲ýԲ⡣
תĶһҶؾΪkѡģ֤kܺúһԼӰ
ҪҰĨȥļ𣿡˼ԾԾԵ
ҶҡͷܽļĨȥֻҪӡͿˡ
ȻܴżתĻkһ£ֱĨȥҲС
˼ްһ⣬Ҷؽ͵ǳûм䣬ܵʹʹˡҴõkÿһͻָ䣬µСͷӡ䣬ѭȵkʲôʱҾʲôʱk
ԴǸԸҲ֪ҪԼһ𷴿øЩС籾ԴƵƽϣôҰѵkǸʰˡ
˼Ӷɳˣʲôֱİ
ްȴزˣֻڵֵʱһ
δԶϼ鲼ʱģɫĹâСӻ䵽Ҷغ;ϢС
ڴͬʱǧĻţҶУǹһĨǳЦһ̣һֻ֦ͷ䣬˷ȥ
һ죬и鶼õĻ䣬Щ˲ͷףдСȴһܹᴿ
Щǿ嵹ҲˣȴһǱҶؾܾˣܾҲǳʣµĻ䶼ģһĶûС
ȻǾǺˡ
ʱ˿̣Ҷغ;ϢеСޣЩ¡
㲻˵ӵ֮ʱ𣿡Ƭ̺ҶЩĿİͰ͵ʵ
һǡϢЩյ⺢ӴǾĹϵЩ쳣
Ҷ̾˿˯Ķӱͷͷһ¡
⺢ӾͽδԶɡϢ̥ڵ
δԶҶһ㶡
Ϣͷϣ⺢ǽһЩԶҪԶ롣
Ҷû뵽ȡ־Ȼôǳԣȴûоֻܾͷãġ
δԶҶغ;Ϣһĺӣȴĵĺӡ
֮ǰ˾Ѿ˲Ҫˡ
ڷδԶĳɳٶԶҪϰٱ֮˸ЪһĴ㡣
δԶһɵĺӣΪдм䣬ҲΪСҶصļ䣬ԶһĺҪ¡
Ȼһ£ȴŶǸεۺԣżܻ᷸һɵ
δԶǧʱҶغ;Ϣȷְ֮
ְҶغ;ϢԤϣþȣְЩǵԤϡ
Ҫ֪ĹϽΧ
ɻ˴Ӹ˼Ƕõ˴𰸡
˵ʲôҶغ;Ϣ׷׵ɴ۾
˵ǣδԶҲһ㵡
-

1007 2

ҶشûԼһϹϵ
˼һӵҲû뵽񵱳õǶѪɫ֮Ȼ֮С
ʵϣδԶԽԽŨѪɫ֮ϢҲһӶֲࡣ
Ҷһ˼ôܣҸͲʶҲûм
϶㡣˼ȴһƶδ϶㡣ĻѪɫ֮ꡣ
˶٣ֹ»ԼһѪɫ֮ˡδԶõְ
ǡҶһʱЩ֪˵ʲô
˵ԼһʼЩ⣬ʵΪǶѪɫ֮
С
Ҷ͵̧ͷް˵ֻ֮䣬Ǵ֮Ѫɫ֮ʲôϵ
˼Ҳ뵽ˣ̾˿ǽû
û𡭡
һԾϢķӦҶغö٣û뵽תתģҶغͰȻֹϵ
ĸ񡭡ʱδԶЩ
Ҷһ㶣ʶֽʣôˣ
δԶǴԼʮĺӣ̳ԸĸĺòʹϲҶԭϰ߶ױģϢڲ׶ˣֻܱ
δԶſǻʵĸǲǲҪˣ
ôô룿ҶؾȼˣΪʲôҪ㣿
δԶһ۲֪ʱľϢСĸ᲻áҲȫǵĺˣ
Ҷһ㶣ָǸְʱЦõˣ㶼Һ㸸ĺӡ
ģδԶЩؿһ۾Ϣ
ϢŷԼıöˣæ뵽˱飬ԲδԶ
δԶҲԱԸ֮ǰ̽ȷĸһ۰ʱ¶˺Цݡ
δԶϲĸˡ
Ӹ˼е֪Ҷغü춼Щ
ҪǰĹͺˡҶ̾
ĻҲҸطϢ˵˵
ܣ֪ЩԶҲˡ
֮۵ĴռΪҶغ;ϢǴδԶҸСȼ٣ΪδԶһΪǱ
ۣ֮Ҳֻڴ
ڣֺͻһڱ³˯
ɱСһֳĳ˵˵֡
δԶ֮ԶȤȴܹ¼˵
Ҷرֱ֣δԶһֻ͸
¼˺ܶҳĸ裬Ҫĸ˵ĻδԶЦĸˣͿֻֻҸˣǴ֮ʱҲ˯
ҶػˣΪĻסˡ
ҪȥĶ
δԶ򴽵ȥСһ
㻹ôСҶü
ѾһǧˡδԶο֮񣬲ĶֻҪ룬̻ĸģҲµġ
ҶһҲĲˣǸǿȨĸףϾϢҲֶ֧ӳȥһߣٵģҲǷˡ
ҲȥСתһ£Ϣ
Ҷһ˵
ǸδԶϢЩԹǶûˣ
ôһ˵ǡ
ҶزݸǺãš
һΣϢѡеһ磬û⣬չ˿ûлԤס
˴Ȼ룬ȴûͶֱ̥˸ȥġ
ðճɷ磬˰һð߷򸾣羰żҲ뵽һЩӶŵĻȥ
Ǻûôȫɹҹɽȵ꼻ҶزЦ
ɽλƫƧǾϢϸǻķ羰
ϢӵܿһǿеԺӳء
뿪ȥ磬ȥ˹Ŵ硢ִ磬ҶҪҸʱδԶȴǸǴѶ˵Ѿؼˡ
ôʱˣϢ
Ҷһ£˵ʲôأѵӣ
Ϣ̾˿ϣܹһҹ֮䳤ɼҡ
ôһ룬˭֪ȥһδԶȻĴһСŮ
СŮһǸСŮ
ô£Ϣһ
ϣӸϽҵһ룬һ飬ϣӵһǸࡣ
Ҫ֪˰࣬ꡣ
ڷ˳񡭡Ǹʵ̫ˣͲȥǸܡ
ϾˣϵǶӵһӡ
-

1008 3

ͬھϢĹңҶһӱ㿴СŮĲͬѰ
⺢ӡھ㵡
δԶ۾һĸ㿴
ʲôһԵľϢЩ
ҶЩεûӡȻΪġ
ΪģϢһ㶣漴ҡͷܣꡭ
˵һ룬Ҳʶ˲ԣŮȻ̫꣬ˣҡ
ζôеϤ
ǰ˵꣬æҡͷԣⲻǰֻһմȾ˰Ϣꡣ
δԶЦֵⷢģȥǸС˼Ѿǳˣֻü
üҶؿСŮı鼫ΪĮȻ˵˰죬ıȴûа㲨·Լ޹һ
δԶ˵ͷұûǸѾжΪǲϸˣˡ
ˣǾԲüģ֪ĸж˼ǸҲ֪ж಻ϲǸüǰҪԥһ¸˭ǣȻûԥıҪˡ
ҶһʱЩ֪˵ʲôδԶô
üкܴĿһ궼ôСˣȴԶࡣ
ҵ¡δԶҲ
ҲҪϵǣüܾҶص
ңҶһ㶡
ü˵ͷüͷβŵҪ㡣
Ҷţɿ˾Ϣ
Ϣ̾˿ԼС
üײİļɵҲޡ
Ȼܿ죬ϢͺԼľΪΪˣüʵ̫ˡ
üֻԭϰߣһҶأھϢڡ
ԭҶ·ǾϢ׼ģǰһ콫·׼ãȻ޹Ҷϲ㣬ٵ÷ŵͷ
żŨʱҶⶼġ
ȻϢҲϲҶذ·
ǻ໥ԷͷϢҶͷiޱȵĳÿζϸĽ֮ͨȻٱɸַʽʱȥ԰ѡĻ׺Լӡ
˯ǰڰҶϴͷ֮ĻΪͷ
ҶϲȪϢԭûƫãһˣҲ˺һȪ¹ۻһڹƣ˵˵˽ܻ
ҶϲֹƷĸֳʳƷ붼Ϣʹ͸ˡ
ϲĸо
żһȻһƷװղ˼ްǰݷõʱͻóΪƷʵΪҫһ

ھϢԣҶһÿһÿһ붼ȤҸȻü֮󡭡
һʼСﻹֻĬĬ۲죬ֻżһ֣Ҳûۡ
Ȼܿ죬ƺ˽ҶصϲãʼϢ
һЩҪ飬üֻϢҶ˯һŴͬһȪˣ
ҶҲ͵һ챻ˣȵڶͷӦˡ
ЩЦõסü㲻ΪźңҪģҲô̺ʹ岻á
üЩ޴Ҫʲô
Ҷؿһۣʲô
üξͲ޴ˣЩ
㡭ʲôңҶü
ü죬ЩԼò˵
ȥľӰʵ̫ˣ۶඼ϲ˵һˡ
ڲ˵ĻҿɲڶλˡҶص
˵üǼһҪΪ飬ܵѧȥֺñˡ
ҡҲֺҡ
ҶһڸոգüڰϢһ˲Ȼ㳹ʧˡ
Щɵؿǰüѵ
֮üаϢΪȾ˰ִ
˵ºˣʵҪΪġΪֻͶűȼ硣
Ҳ̲ס裬һʼ飬ǵıͲܷˡ
ΪʲôΪ飿ҶֵһˡҪ죬Ҫ˵ˡ
ԣüЩãҡҲ֪ˡû˵ǣָоֻ֮ǰѾûָоˡ
Ϊˣ֮Щã
Ȼ֪Լж룬ǡ֮ǰٿõĿԶڡ
ҶزûӦü󣬵ȵ˽£ԼƲ߾ϢȻʵִôС磿
-

1009 4

ԣϢĬƬ̣ȻŲ֪ڶŴǸʱΪ飬ǴǺѽСġ
ΪʱС̫ˣһʶ٣ǺпܻᵼС
ǣΪʱ֮۵ĸ廹ûзչĵֶСرȤ㣬ʱһ취ǽһʶָγһ־ȥ۲졭˵ǹС硣
˶٣ʱЩС綼ûе
Ȼ飬ŴֲС硣Ǹʱ򣬶ǶŴԼʶЮȥС翴֡
㲻֪Ȼֻ࣬ʵǿֻΪעֻһͨˡ
Ϊ飬Լ֪ôԼꡣٵģܻһСβС硣
Ŵ񡭡֪ôģ֮ûнЩСβ͸
Ҷؾþû˵۵ǼΪԵʧΪ
㡭Ϣ̾˿ЩСβռپӦܵһǡ
ǲİ𣿡ҶؿЦ
ϢͷǵģֻһӵаȫꡣҲͱüǿһЩ
Ǿ˰ɡҶ̾һڳԶҵСҪ˭ȥƷ
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