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䶯Ұµġ̰īó֤£ڸơ
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ǸˣΪ㾡У׸֮λɻʲô
һ붾ҩֹĿУҪкӵưͣȻģİֽŽⲻյ֮Уһأǰ꣡
꣬ڲԣֲдŲܶһһҹ尾š
ȵģǽ죡
ҼٵĽŲƬ̺ҵű˴򿪣ϤϤ߽һˡ
ЦŲȥ
֮ɫ޸ϥǰ󣬡㣬Ⱦүֻܾˡ
ܾôϾ˿ʪĿѹһŵζӿȴûŵ
޸һģǿѹǹŻ¸Уϥ˫ִ̫ʦϣͷϣĿڣܵģȥʥ̫̫ڽϣһᷢҵġ
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첽߹ȥպĺ󱳣ʾοһ˫Ŀ̫ʦϵľȡ
ľȣʲôԹ޶޹ģ֪ҶʲôҷȢҵίŽΪ檣Ȣŵġ
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ڱؽĺܳһʱΪʲôôԼ
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2 һѪ

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ĵɲۣ˭˭
϶ҵģҲǹģûȽ
ǲǹģȽûˣҪҼȽվס
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ԺϤӡ
վſڿϷԬϣᱱɫ̵ϣɫֲϡ
һȺһֺ̿µֵܽá
һѶԺӴţΧǽͷֲ´Ĵ
ݷſڣССſϿ޵
㡭㲻Ҫ
̧֣ĸССõķһЦҵޣ޽ޣˣˡ
ӵĿһ٣һ̣͵̧ͷڵɫ԰׵ľڶЦʱ۵һ޵ĸˡ
㣡ˡۣ㡭
ûء
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̶ǽٺĿ־塣
̫̫һƨڵϣ֪۵Ļŵģɫɷɷ׵ģץŲƴĺ괭
ľۣһгĸˣ˫ӯˮЦ̾㣬ޡ
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˵꣬źۿŮ˵Ƚĺúõģܻ߰ʮꡭ
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ҺһʺһİѶ󣬸ǷȢϱӣͼǸɶԼ̳͵ﶫƤӣӴĳЩ˾ҪɱӰ
Ҳܻ˰ͷӣ㻹϶ҵҪɱҰҲ
һŴȣһĨᣬ޵ǽһسٴ죬ԺＦɹ֡
Χ۵Ĵһ˵ۿ
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̫̫ڵת˰Ȧ˵ĸ˵˹ȥ˶һۣƲߣ̫̫Ĺֱ˲ӣ֪ɶѾͷõĲѧѧ͵ĳʳڵʳǶǾģһԾ͵ҴôˣҪǲ㣬ܴͷȥ϶ҵʶһͶźɱǲТТҾưոݵģ
ľţ򴽣̫̫ʺӿϣȴŲТײ
ǵã̫̫ԩ͵˷ڴϻղѣ󣬲֪̫̫ⷢӣÿһٸͷĹһ죬ȶ׵Сָһְߡߵľٲ
뵽⣬ŤӴϵĻ˵أϵģοһЦû¡
ԿǺһһʹһһѣθУִֵߵ̫̫ǰ
̫̫Ļһ٣ͷ
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͵ģ͵ģ̫̫ߺ޵ĵƤӡ
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˻֪˭͵ģȴ֪ġ
ľת仺ȴһһȥſڣʰȾѪĴ˸첲ֵľϣ߽ݡ
Ůӵļ뺢ӵĿ޽С
Ƭ̺ľһӴ߳ţ־źӾ·һֻľںӵĺԿǱȻţ˵̫̫ķ˭͵ģ


3 ̫̫

̫̫ŵĻɢȥСˣſұ
СˣſңѴ㣡㣡ѡСľȵֵյĽŻľȡ
ľȴƢЦЦֵһӴСӵƨϣ˵ʵһξʹԿϣѴһһӰ
һ䣬ľ˵ߣֻСˡ
С۵ġۡһͿˣ߿ޱߺ͵ģۡҪҡ˵͵ġ
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ЦתΧ۵Ĵһﶼ˰ɣ̫̫ķ͵ģƽ޹ԩҼȽҼȽͷѪЩ͵ĳˣǺǣȻŮҲۣޣ
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ļۣ̌ϤһӣǹĨĻߡ
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үƤһһ̫̫æ֡
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4 

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˵˺һżһ֦ӳһС鲼ϣ
˵Ļ̧ۿϵľȣԼ˫۾һڿ׵оܽԼȥһ㣬ĸβ˲ֱ˵үߣһ
һ̫̫˵ʲôʱ˻үӣҲһ˵仰ǰСͷߣͼСͷ̽ͷϻĽӵݹȥ
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С۾ģ㣬мˡ
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̣үղ˵ȽԼġʢԱߴת
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ϴһɫĵ̫̫㵱ź˵ʲô
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һԵ̫̫ľһɤӾָ㡭
ʲô˵ģѾͷڿʼˣһһܹ˭ž͸ҹռңԺүʮĺ
ľȳܴ̼ϳȻһʺɫ̫̫ĵıۣҺۣ˯
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ôˣľȲӣȥĨܵܵա
ҵЦҡͷ紵ණˡ
֪ҵǲԼģľȱ㲻׷ʣЦЦأ
ҵϵЦһǲʮĺӣλǷЩ򣬡үȥ˵ˡ
䣬ݷʹүһŭȣ˶


5 Сû

ү
ҵ߬ȭͷСίѹһ˫ˮͰ͵Ŀľȣү
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̫̫һƲ죬ͼӻ𣬡˼ںӴ˲ˣĻǵ˭ǵ˭ǼƣԹԡҪӵ
̫̫ߵһŷɫŮ̫̫ŮҦƣ̫̫мƣȥˣ˵ȴǿ̱ĺܣҵĴ˵ɩָʹ˵ţռĶϱأûиĸ֮ý֮Եġ˵ǱΪ檣ɩǸ檡
ľֳȭͷһ˷ӿûҦƺ˵ʲôֻ֪ǰڰҵǰƽľƹˣ
СãľͻȻڡ
ҦһվסſڵĽһڣҪϵŻˣһС
ȽҵôˣȥϵЩƣżŤͷ߶Ůȥ
ľûжҵҲû
Сã˵˵Ϊ檣ûиҵǰģүأҲСһײռĶϱ𣿡
仰˵ķ̣ʵĸ̡
һδһӴʲô檣ʲôҽ̣һСӵô˵˵ԼĶɩ檣ռҲĶϱʲôҽ̣
ľվںڰһ˫۾עүӡ
Ҫӵүô˵
ԹŴӾ֮ˣܵý飬ҫ
ʮӾھӪʮ꣬ʮٺ»ôһԼõģȫӸ˼
үӸ˵֣͸ҰռҵķˣԺѪǮģﲻҪ˲ס
ʲôô˵ﻹûгôģүӵڳˣźڰľȵҲ䣬ȫûаյºʹ顣
ľžЦˣɿ֣ܵܵӺڰлߵ͵շΧڣ̧ͷүӶӣүСû鲻ңҸôſڱտ˵׶ɩǱΪ檵С˵ߣүСøңĶɩҵʲôУ
ûгǣ˳
ڿҵǷˣָҵܼҲϣԼ˼ɣ
үӵ۷УֱֱľССϡ
ľ۵üһƬڰ׷ӭүӵû˿ų
ڰˡ
ĵĲˣ˫۾۵ĿŮиô
һүӲһջߣ̫̫һۣôŮģúõĲѧƫѧ˼ҳ฾
̫̫һ㶡
үֿҦƣ𣬲ٳԺţڼúôţ
ҲҪҦƲĴվû˵˭֪ϲǵ綨µģûиĸ֮ǾͲռҵˡ
үӺݺݵɹȥһۣҦû˵Ļ̿סٲҼ
˰˵ļһۣϱɷһۣӣķһⶼʲô¶ı飻巿ԬƲ죬һ²ؼ߸߹ľһ


6 Ų

̫̫Ӧˡ
ֵ࣬һ˫۾޲ܱɰĹٴľһ١
ߴľƿʱ˿ĭڵϣЦŮүүŵСãǶмҽ̡
̡ľȽһƮ
̫̫һû˵Ļ̶סôأл㣿
ô֪ڽ̣оƮ͵£ľȵһ˫۾ŹĹ⣬̫̫¶һЦ޺
̫̫ȴŵͫ׾໽һ𶬹ƵԲСһ̶ܵү
ˣ
үɫѿһϣѾͷڸʲô
үڸ˵ľһ޹Σ̫̫үôˣ˹Ƶģˣ
˵ţ͵ĵɴ۾ּֿ̫̫̣Ӱʲô
̫̫дʱ򣬱ľһɤӺģļľҲżȴһһϺקһͷϻУҺ¡
ˣ
ǱߣҵҲɿĶĻУҺ¡
͵͵һۣľȶԵܵüҵЦеģ۾Ц⣬ȴһ̲ͣ˵ţҺ¡զˣ
һ߰ŮͶӣһ߻࿴һۣϺмָӡ
ǶղŮֻһ̣̫̫ŵĸ˹
˳˵ƽ£ҹ¹š
ôˣ̫̫ƽǸμҪǿģôֻ־ųǡ
ɫһ̫̫ĿͶ˼ֽ䱸
үȻӵķӦüͷɺݺǿһ۹Ǻһвֹ̫̫һסڣ
̫̫ļжһ£ƺʶʲôίĳүӵ䣬߶µϡͷӣ£
үӺ޲һȷпӵģ
ûĳȫˣʲôû£¸
֪ĸֲԣ̫̫־Ҷһ£ͷҳоζķ򿴡
Ҳסڣүϡ
˳ֹס˼Уӷ޶˻̽ͷȥү̫̫
үƼľģղվӰ粵̵ģĿһʯͷƲƲܵĶҪ
ƫղű׹Ų̊˵ʲôʧ˵ûȨԣ
߳ŭľȣѾͷ˭ô˵ģõĲѧƫѧЩ̴ֲ̣߰㣬ҿǸô򣡸ô򣡸ô򣡡
˵ô򣬵ǹɱƻ޷Ž⣬ֱ
ľӹ⣬̧һ۾үҪңǲҵүģҲá
Ҳãү
һ䣬һ죬һ̣ˡ
˶ɴ۾ŵĿүӡ
үӻûӦԼ˵ʲôɻȥҸʲô˵𣿣ѵô򣡡
𾪵Ĳ֪ôӦ
̫̫Ҳүӵĺ󱳣˵
ľӯᣬ̧ͷĽ£ү̶Ҫң
˵⻰ɶ˼
Ůµ޶񲻸˵ģٿŮ԰׵СԴϲŵĲ۵һ¾;
ȽǶӵ׹ŮŮ˵⻰ɶǲҪǶ𣿡һ䣬Ұ
˵ʲôˣ˵˾̣̫̫Լ麦£ʲô¶ô˵ҲõĻ
һֱ֪үӲϲ뿪ңıԼˣҲвòɣүǲǾ͵ûӣ
һ类ѩǣĴ̹ǡ
ɹ˷ŭļʧȥǵүӡ
죬ȴһ仰˵ð죬żѵ̧̧֣ҡǻϻ϶ǹġ
ͷ
үӴȥӶϱ޽ӴĿ⣬̱ܿ
үЩãȻ޴ĺҿţĿӴϻӵľʱͷһ
ָ̧ľȣ£㡭㡭
үӻϷŹԼҹæǰһסүӵĿ⡣
үſһѪ̱̫ʦϡ
̫̫һУͷӣ
ռһ󼦷ɹ
С屻ҹ˿Ƴүһۣû£ԼԼˣѪ³ͺˣҩóԣ˯һúõġ
үӣ
ˣ
ҪŮܰԼţ׵Ǻԡ
СֹĿľһֻۣƵˡ
˸ԻطЪϢ
صԼҹµĿֿ۵۾ˣȽǸӣôôص֣ҪȽ
ϿŮҲѹĺۣǧ򽿵Ľôǵãһ޲áܹˣ


7 ټպ

÷
̧ͷ밲οӣǣͨ˫ۺеˮʱܵĲ֪˵ʲôá
Ĵ
û£ӺŮίȴòʡ
յһȭڵϣݲƽĵ˲ȥһȭͷСĿӡ
һæֱ֣ƤѪļۣǸʲôúõķҪԼ֣
Сܷɿȥ˸ɾˮݣˮˣһ˿ڡ
ڨڨĽȥ¶Ƥڵģɶ
ˮһվ
ٺЦһ۵ɹʱ˹ȥ
С򴽣ŷ޶˶ľ
˸ɾĲСİ˿ڴĳֺСȥҩ࣬Ϳ˺һ㣬Ƶһİĸ첲ϡ
ž
İϰϵɽźϿ
ȴſǻִƣĴԸԼŪ˭㣿˭˭֪֪ҽȽڵһˡǺ޲ðˣҸҲܽȽô׵ģҲܽôˡ磬ǵýģ̫̫ôôص֣үӡղ˵ʲôʲôϻܸϵҪȽ磬ܲˣܲˣ붼룬һһǻȽûˡ
˵ЩĿ
ģģǲңǲңﻹиղŵЦģ۾ǻ֣̿Ҳ˼Ӷߣæ§뻳Уĺ󱳣үӣֵôڴǰ˺ܴٳ۶ӣ
ң˸ңȽ󣬾ͱ̫̫ˣҪһô죿ҶҶ𣡡Ĵؿڣ˵һ䣬֪˻Ǻ޼ˣһҧļͷ
ľЩ㤵ĿԼס
ԭʵڲ֪ԼǰȻô뺷һˡ
ͷҵҵҲһĲ˵ģ
ǻˡ
űƿռҶĳʢʢƿţ˽󣬸һؿڵŮŮһ˫ǳÿ۾˿̣ʢ䣬ˮӵĿľȡ
ľȿۿЦ⣬ڿŮ˲䣬ˮɱ
պģ
ǰһռҶ緢ʼٸߣ
ǰһ׽ɷֽ̥ͬŽڵ°ף
źĻһ׵òȴһЫĳģá
ȴһϵܵá
ڣˡ
оԼʹУܵظǵүͻԵػʱˣһպңպĻռҶ
Ҫڵߣø硢СܺСãռҶ
һˣıƣƤӵ
պĵĿƲӣŵĴͷ
ľջߡ
ߣѴ˳ƹ£ɫЩ죬˫ŭĵɷһۣǰȥ˴ʢ·ϵѩѩˣѩ𣿡
ţǺܴ󣬾ҹ¡ʢţЦǺǵĿľȣãͷ۲
ľЦҡͷ
ʢЦǺǵļҸ˺öȥϻǮóԵġս˵Ǽ⣬Ӱæˣ˵ͷҵõܵܺȥԡ
ôãǰǡҲչ֣ҼһѣζҪǮһϲ漴͵Ц
ʢͼѣҸ˵ˣҰǼҼ̣ɽ϶ǿ¼̫ա
죬˵ʲôҲû˵
˵˼ɽʢսȥϣȹ죬һȥϱ任ǮһЩͲɽˡٽɽ
ԣģһЩûǮ
һ˵˻˯Ϣ
ڶ죬첻ľȾſص
Ĵ޿㣬·´ȥſڣСӣѩ·϶עⰲȫС·ߵĹ˼ͭӣȺůůӡ
ʢЦӦˣͭ崧˵ˣԺ˼ҡ
ϻû˯ţڴϷ˼ڴյľȸǰĨĶͷ˿Ȼ˴
ľȻ˯˹ȥѴСſڴͷ۾Ťͷˣ㣬ˣ
ľȲͷĿպģϡ


8  ö

պ֮ɫһ˫۾ľȵת˼أ̧ͷľڨڨһЦ㣬ˡ޽ȥϡ
С˼ͷܳ˷䡣
ľȵĿӵ¾ޱָҪסպĵĳ嶯
պҧҧһŽе߶߿ŲľȸǰͨһڴͷͷһϴϷģ㣬¡Ҳ֪Բ𣡡
ľûпڣĿ˵ϴü֮ȴûںãŴЦˡ
ЦԳ̡
ǰжϹŻὫһĹεŮ˳谮
㣬ԭˣ
պЦͷÿüЦӯӯĿ
ľȵЦһͣպ˫峺ɾ˫Ŵҫ۵Цô꣬ԼΪʲôһֱĸԸıһˣ
ΪŮŵ
Ķహֶ࣬ζ඾˫۾Ȼʮһյ峺ɾЦȻҫۣǺǡ
ϧһƭ
ľȴӴ𣬴պģЦĶ죬ʲôҪԭ㣿
պıľȵЦ۾üͷһӹʣ͡£û뵽ôص֡㣬Ҷ֪ˣԭҰɣ´Ҳôˡ
ҪǲԭأľȺϾĿڴͷŹڵĥպġ
պû뵽ľȻô˵Ȼ̧ͷԭ£Ϊʲô㲻ûҲ֪ˡ
Ϊ֪ˣΪûҾ͸ԭ㣿
ƾʲô
İ
ľ׵ЦȾ˼⣬ָպĹ˹
ҪԭҲԣһ
ʲôҶӦպľϲĴӵյľǰ
ľЦţһһҴһ̴һ
պ𾪵Ŀڵ˫ɵĴġ
һųһĨɸɵЦݣ㣬ңҡҺ¡
ľû˵պĶӣ۵ûɢȥЦ⡣
ںһžĺš
պܲסѹͷ˳ȥ磬Ҫҡ
أ
ܳʱҪײ˸š
áСġ
ֻͣ˶λ㲻ˡ
ʵҲȷʵǡ
仹δɣȴѾͦεΣüĿٿʣü֮䣬˵ЦԴһɷϣˣ޵Ʋ۾

ľȽ˽ŵȭͷϵıֺδ
ʲôʱܼû뵽ôͼˡ
ǰΪպŪڹ֮Уļ
ػһûЩǣƱҪſֽţĹһ̶̻գգŶԵǰΪǣȥĵ͸磬Ϲ۵ףɵСܣʧСã
ܰģ
պĳԵĿǰֱ꣬һͨĻί˽ĻУȾңҽҪҡ
ľȺǺǣ״ĵԩȷʵ
ģ㣬ôô㣿İŻеŮӵ߻ڴͷľȣ˼Ц⣬ȽˡĽŵˣô˵㲻ᶯִţ˵
պĵĺ󱳣ЦĽ£˵
㡭պĴ̽һԴŵ⣬ίţ֪ˣԺͽĻ㲻ҪҺòã¡ҲȫңҲǵͷġ
£Ϊ˼ķǼ𣿡ԣüͷ˿ڡ
պĺƵĿľһۣ㵽ͷ
ɫЩÿ˼Ǵ𣬶ľȽȽΪҪĽĲˣ
ľȻüճвóպģЦ̧ϣҵĲԣʲô
һ֪ڸĵģüͷĸˣﶼżԶ׼Ĳľȣ̫ʧˣС۶СģԺô̫̫ԺôİѺլҸ߹ٴΣҪ֪ܸĪɣ㿴㡭Լ͵÷̴£ͰԼϣʲôʱôˣ

ľȰ˼⣬ܿʶʲôĲ
򡭡ֻ˵˵ûжִҡպίĳ˳½ǣˮĿľȣ㣬֪ˡ
˵͵̵ķȥļľЦǺǵĿպġ
պĶﲻ
̲סպĽ㻹˭Ľ׿ڸ˵ģ˵÷óԣҺﳢ
ǰ§һģǰֽŽʱ§һĻصһľ˫Ŀֱ̲סɱ˵ĳ嶯
ʱ̫̫ͻȻѾͷƬӣ͵ģ㻹ϣ׶˰ɣ


9 Ĺ֮֮

ľûп̫̫ǵĶ׿ڸ˵ģûи˵һҸ
Ȼպġ
պȴͰ͵ͷ۶ίúõġ
úõģ
ľЩͷЦҪǺúõģТ˳»˵׻ᵱһ˵ŵ׷ɱ̫̫
պģĺá
ʱʱ̶̿ǰҩ
ɫ̾ͳ˫ﶼǶľ˵ѵĲʧ
ľЦ
ڰǰ꣬һֱպʲôʱһģȴû뵽ʱѾĬһ˵˵һ֮֮ս˵ģɷУñСĹ֮֮ϡ
ЦĺһһʹȴԶͷĴεۣ
ֻҪһ뵽ǰ۰ĵסССþΪ˵ˣĶͺ޲ýǵڳǺĻǺڵģ
պģ⻰Ҳҵ׺͵˵һΣ
պĵӶһ£ץ첲ֽ˽صĽţ򣬾Ⱦңҵϲ㣬˵ʲôǶţһᱻǴġ
ľȣĽãĳˣôˡ̫ʧˡ۵Ľպӵĸһ߿ĵľȡ
ϣҵθڸɶԬ̫̫ĽкеĻܹ֣պģӶɳ
ҪѶŮȢؼ
պһϲȴȻɫһѽպƿպ⧲ڵأȥ쵽һ룬˻
պίĿľһۣľ˿ûаԼĴ㣬òһĨЦԬϵңŻңҪٵˣ⻰Ժɲ˵ڮȥġ
Ԭһ飬̫̫Զ˶㣬ɫҲȥСѾͷŻſǶŮŮͳȥõġ
̫̫һĵԬԼްָ֣պĵ˵ΪʲôҪ㣿
պӹһĨ⣬ȴЩµĿľһۣҡҡͷûʲô˵˻ǴҲӦõġ
ޣ̫̫ߺߵ߹ȥպĴӵקľȵ˵Ǹղ˵ʵʵ˵Ҵ㣬Ҿ͡
ſ˵ľȣɻȴᵶҪɱľȳķ˿ĭһڣҾͰϳռң
ľޱ顣
Ԭһ˷ܡ
üͷ
պģ˿׵ɫСȴǺܺµڶš
̫̫һ󱳣ʲô˵˵ٲ˵һϳռң
պĵ͵һͨһ̫̫£޳Һߣ֪ˡ
ˣ
̫̫ʣȴһԵԬȣ̫̫ԬһۣԬڨЦһ
ҡҡ
պؿȥľȣ㣬ԡԲ𡣡
˵ţ̫̫Ϳͷ̣ҵĴƭȥ͵˵Ҫҡ̣Ҷ˵ˣҺ뿪ռҡ
úúãǺǣǺãȽ㻹ʲô˵̫̫ıӶˣãָľȴǶҴ㼸͸ҪҪǻ첻ߵ׷ҿԩԩƨҵģȥȥ˶ҽҽôһôǶˣǿž̫ţ
һ£
ľЦЦбպһۣ
ԬҰҰ죬һ˫ȤȻĿľȡ
̣Ľ˵ҺƭĹȥ͵ǲѹʣߡĽʲôطʲôʱҺƭȥ͵ģľȵĿڣպĵ˫㲻˵
̫̫һľȣԣһպһţ˵
պıߵϥǹϣ۵һͷð۵ıɫľȵơ
ҡҡպĿŵͷҲֻ֪ǵøճԹ緹
ճԹ緹ӳԹ緹һֱڷмé޶ûȥţԺС֤ҺСһֱһСõĻ̻ţҿҵͷһѻԸú׹ʮ˲ó
˻ԬϵһֵߣŸ첲ըë
̫̫Ҳɫ
ˣΪɽˮԺŷ飬ľķģ̫ݶֱһ·ԼȻ˵ģǲõЩͷģ
ľûкƭ͵ķ͵ˡ
̫̫һĵպͷϣѾͷ˵ǲ͵ģ


10 ̫̫¹

ҡպһԥ̫̫İѾǵصĴȥûûƤ͵͵ҷǴ㣬ҿ˭
ң̣͵ģ㡭
պıͷ̫̫³ȥȴζ̫̫һſϡ
㵱̫ɵģľҪ͵ˣģ̫𣿡
պ۵ؿޣһ˫պ޵ĵľȵķ򣬿޽ţ㣬Ϊʲôԩң͵ģΪʲô̴ңء򣬾ң
ľȣն񶾵Ůˡšˮ۵Ŀպģľʱ˫
ľĿ䣬бպԡԧ죿
˺һԧģľգգ۾ĵ˵ĿЦѹ£
ʲôͻȻһˣμĽ̫̫Ƶһߣϵպ
̫̫ƵһЩڵأĺ˼סӡ
ԬҰҰ죬ſŲŲ֮ܵꡣ
̫̫һĸˣӶð̶ˣԲӿܵ˸ǰָŸ˵ıӴϣɶ뿳ţˤ𣿡
ɶҴҶ𣿡ϴ粽ã̫̫Ļ˻ȥ
̫̫ķζҪըˣŴȺ𣬡㣡ҴǡôﶼЩɶ¶պģ˵
üתͷѯʵĿպġ
պĨҭŵ˵͵ģ̾ˡû͵ԩҡ
ϵüͷĸתȥŴȵĴŮľһ԰׵ҡͷûС
ϵ˵ͷٿպʱʹ˼
պŵɫһף½ǵֽ˽û
һٸˣϵպһۣһѳֽƵһԶλãǰ棬̫̫㲻ǵȫ˵˵ԵôߵǶͷˣ
ߣޣҪߣ׹׿˵ģ̫̫ţָϴ󺰣ϣÿٲÿҡһ򣡡
վԭأĿ̫̫
̫̫ŭһſڵɨҪ˴ȥȴ֪ȵʲôͨһǰ
ԬŴ͡
ϻһߣɫÿĿ̫̫ʲô
̫̫һڵϷ˰ȦסԼϥǰۣۡҵȣ˷ˣˡ
ϳ˳ǣЦԷǵǰ̫̫̫̫ȴ飬һ˦ָſɵ㶵ԬϴԬûɫģϽһȥ
Ԭǲſһ˹ﰡզг¹ģɵˡ
̫̫һĵԬֱϣٺ˵˵ϣ
ԬƲƲ죬̫̫ߣߵſڣ̫̫һۣȥҩǮǶ
϶˶Ӧ˸á
߶ˣϵ̳պģôһ£Һú˵
պʮָ½ǣίίĿľһۣ߻ʱ۵Ŀϣͷŵңû͵
ӣˡ˵һ乫һ׵ıվ²õĴȽĴ
պ΢ӹ֮ɫ֪˵֪ϲ
䵭Ŀһۣ뿪ڡ
ߣľŭĹƨʲôĽ˵Ȼ˵ҵĴ
ɫȻ䣬ָľȣ㡭㡭ڳԣҪҪ棿
ţ
ָľȣǰһסߣռҶ£أ
ɫѿҲԼЩףæҾͣӣء
أ
ϵ䡣
Ŀһ֪϶ŭԥĿۿͰ͵պģ˵仰飬ûҼ˵ˣ˳˷䡣
ۿ߳ռҴţתȥպġ
պģ㻹˵ʵ
Ҫ˵ʲôʵ˵ʲôﶼţպ͵̧ͷᣬίĴ𣬡С˵ʲôʲô˵ʲôǴģ͵ģҲǰŰѷȥңʵ𣿡
ʵľȵպģĽҲҸղģ˵˼ٻһúҲң
Ҳң
պĵͫһʶ


11 ײĲ

ôԵĶֻҪһ۾֪飬ƫƫ
һľ˵ԼղŷĶģŵɫˣ˵ľߣȽ˭㷢ģǲ̱㷢ģȥˣôô㷢
͵ģҲ¡ľæסϣ͵
ԻһɫȴûͣҲУԺɲ㷢ģе㶥ţʲô£֪𣿡
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ŮԼĻᵽĿڵľֲȥɫҲ˻
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պķ˺ݣۿľ͵ģ͵ģ͵ٳҲǸС͵ǸƤӣ
պģ˭ô˵Լ׽ģһƾʹ˹ȥպӲͦûж㣬۵ĳ޷ŭϣľȡ
ҺˣﶼֻľȣҾǸģ˾û˵ľС͵Ƥˣ
㡭
ĻƶڰУĺԡ
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ί
˵պİ֣Ϊպĳͷ϶ųˡǰڼȴպãָļëӣϺոԣİ
պԶɶµġ
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պģ˵˵ʵ
պĵһЩŵͷϣ㲻ң

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㣬ûдɣ޽һС۾գţĶǵģľֻĶڻˣЦӯӯİӵ뻳УûУû㣬úõġ
޽ľȻꡣ
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סڣӵ磿Һú˵ŭ
պĵӽһ˲ؿǶ۸ҡء㣬㶼˵
ľЩЦ
ãʱʱ̲̿ڿӰ
Ҫǲڸĸǰ۰ãҪˣǵģպĵġá
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պĵһĿ𾪵ͷ
뵽ȴû뵽˵ôݵĻռң
˵ŭȡ
պĺ޵ҧʮָ½ǣָ۵ָͷˣſŵ͵ģ
㻹ҽƱ磿ŭ
պæǹԣ˵ҡ


12 ڸ

㣡
µպΪԼ׿ڳϣȻڲסͷʧĽƽʱôģ㡭˵ѵƣ㡭̫ʧˡ
պĵۿģȴǿҧŴһԡ
ָպ뷢𣬿ɿŮǿСģһɺɸֵӿͷ촽°죬ų̾һպ˵һ䣬Ľ֪ˣ
պ۰Ͱ͵Ŀ˵ͷ
һ֪˾ͺãȥϴ͵һȥݣү˵⣬ûйϵ
պ𾪵Ŀ۵ĲţҪȥү˵͵ģ͵ģ
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ףպͻȻӵ۳˻𣬡̲Ϊȥ˵࣬Ͳ̰Ҵ
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ľι޽޽ѧҵܿˣ㵽ҵ̽СԴľȣԣ˼Դͺˡ
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ľȵůʲôƵģڵģЩѬ¡
룬סСܺСõߣеһڼȥ
ȻĨһ
޽ܹȥˣҪ߽ͣˡ
ǰպġ


13 вҪ

պಽĸ˹˳СϱһǱа׶ġ
룬ͣ½Ųպĸͣ½Ų̽ԴһƵĿľȣԼ°Ͱ΢΢ţǰӸǱſڵϵľȵӺ
һЫ
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պӵĻһ硭
ͦͦδڣ֮ͦ˵ӣ߰ľȵȽл˵ҵȻرһ¡
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ľȿڣҵѿ첽ߵľߣľǰͦСظš
Ŀľȡ
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δ޵ԷΪ죬Ϊ١ӦùԹĽ˳
뵽ľȵĶԻûһ˳ģ뵽ǰָԼıӴֿڳֱ֮Ե£ɫ
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ȴû뵽ҵֱֱĿ˵Ľ֪֪˵ʲôлԼҲδףйŮһңȥ˻ô˵㣿ô˵ռҶô򵥵ĵѵ
պĵɫһͣίı˱죬ۿ˲ʪģҡֻǡû뵽Ҳǹġ硭
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вңĽͲȢҵɹټ̫̫ˡ˼ĺ¡
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ľȵָҵͷ˼£ҵҪķŭһһˣſп޵ģƵһȻ˻飬Ǿ˸ý˻ɡ


14 ѽҲ

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ļ̧̌ƤƢĽŵĻظһ飬ҵСŵˣҪ˻飬ҲҲӦţҳ˸ý˻ɡ
һûӦ
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ţպΨһ޿㱻Լˡ
ľȻЩ˵ġ
ϴɹɡϣôҲüĹûˡ
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ľȿĲˡ
պģҩɾˣҵպһ䣬תͷۿľȣ㣬ģ͸ѧ䣬ҪĹԺȥޣҪǸ۸㣬ҾʹҴ
ľȣ
ľ֣ѵܵ£˵˼䣬ҵ۾ĻԽԽֱľȻ䣬еҫۣ㣬ˣ
ľĵܵܵļȴû뵽յԴԺҰ֮ԱǲмΪȴ޿κεĸ࣡
ľȽҵ֧ʹȥ޽պļû˴ԼĨӵ䵽ľߣʣ㣬Ĳ޸𣿡


15 Ϊʲôܼ

ľޱĿһۣڴͷ̧첲ĴָᰴѹЩͻ̫Ѩ
ۡ
ʵڲ뿴պġ
޹񣬶ĮӵһˣǰΣΪˣŸֲСϷƫƫǰǱЩСϷƭתŻļˡ
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ֻҪһ뵽ЩľƱקһһµţ۵ġ޲ǰ
Щ꣬ԺĻǵ͸ʱµĹǼܣָۺ˫۾޴Ϲ˫ۣСɵСʧ巿Ĵͷ۸ʺ򣬻СС˫һЦͻ
ʱԽãԽԽԼһʲô
ݡ
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պŵˣȴԼ˴ֱӴӴˤ˵£ֺݺݵ˸ƨɶն
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պĺһҲŲţ糤ôÿţ޸Ժǹټҷˣʲôͳʲô봩ʲôʹʲôŻнٻ󣬶á
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ľȣ
պԼһ͵ȥľȣľûűչȥ㣬ҪǼ޸統˹ټҷˣ᲻ٷڰ
ʲô˭Ҫ޸Сӣűƿϳһ߽
ԴϵΪѹľԺ϶ĺӡֱ½˵һСӳƺ
պ̧ͷһҲûϵɫÿЦе˵˵Ҫ޸磬Ҽޡ
һ㶣漴ŭ˵˵ʲôúõΪʲôʲô㶼ˣֻҲ˵ԼĽδ򡭡ñ֪˵ֻԺ󻹼޲ˣ
Ϊʲôܼޣ㲻ҪģûպļۣӴһίĿϡ
ϵؿһָۣպģǷɵ˻аˣ˵ºúõģʲô᲻ףҲûܼ޸ҳģҸԲӦģ
պһ㣬˺һſ޽ţƫģ㲻ҪģΪʲôܼޣ
˵ţͿ˳ȥ
ľȣ
˵ͿܳȥǸʲôպĻˡ
ȴûմպģĵߣľ̾Ƚ˵Ĳ޸


16 Ʒ

ľû֧ᣬͷֱԵĲ޸
⺢ӡ㲻Ƕ׮ºôڡ
Ͻüͷ˫ǵǣְ̧Ů޽ǴµһͷŮ󣬲̾һ˵˵ǲС۸㣬С
˵ţ΢˸ЦŮ˵ַŵԼůţ͵ȰͶСЩ˵һһЩСִģҺʱ˵һҲᳳɲΪ˵ޡ
ûʲô£Ժֻһӣ㲻һǼȽעҪ˵ģСʮ˴ţԺ˾ٵ˹٣ȽǹټҷˣͲøһԿ࡭
˵Ŀڸľȴһ仰û˵
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ϽŮƿĵĿ
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Ҳ޸Ϊˡ
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ľȿϵķӦЦŭһɡ
Ҳ޸ԭ򡣡ľЦϣ䵭ȴŲɵĿ϶ˣƷ⡣
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Сǰͦõģ졭ǶݺƢ̫á
޸ҵʮ꣬ҵ仯𣿡
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ǰӣǿǿҪϵͷһ̾ҪԴˣ϶ҲȻҧɿڣ
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17 Ȼ𾴵Ƥ

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һſڴͷ޽˵ЦľȣŵĿͰ˳ȽȥҶˮůů֣ů͡


18 㷽ҵǳ

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Ҳֲ֪粻ܿģǵǿۿ껹Ҫȥѧüѧ˵ټҸÑѻҪԼģ㿴ǲǰһҡ
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19 Ǹ

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20 ɽо

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21 ֲǹ

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ľһĻû˵һպߣֺݺһȥ

պһҽУڵϣۿɼٶǡӦ
Ƚ
͵ĴӴվ
ľȴûͷ۶Ǳڵϵպģ֪֪类Ӵں˻ԣڴѩжôǲúõһӵĲ
պĿ޵ĸˡ
ľ֮ɫԽ䣬֪֪Ÿ;ϹӣϹؿڻһҼʱϵ͸ûˣûȥҵ͸ûΪϹӵʳڴѩжһϣǻܻպģ㻹˵㲻ǹģ
պĵĿһͣžֵ˫ۣ죬ٲҿ޳


22 粨

ҵۣݺݵպһۣͷ
̾˿ڰ֣ȽˣĽҲǹġ
պĴӵϥйȥ˫ȿ޵˻ߣûСĲǹģû뺦͸磬ֻ㡭
պĵͷͷġ
ľ򴽣ûټ˵ȥ
õ׿պĵıԣ޲ھ֪ҲףЩ£̫֮ʵ䷴
ĽǴˣЩҺﲻ˵Ҳ֪Ż̾Ǽ£ϾδףŮб𡭡ΪѵĲֻ͵ֵܣԼ
Ҳסպ̧ˮҭ˵
ֱֱĿպĵ£ּᶨ
ҡҡͷܿպĵٿͶ˼Һ˼һҳ㣬ٽףֻҪסˣ𣿡
պĵɫ΢΢һ䣬½ǵָĽţӣŵˡ
û˿ʹжٲ޺Ͳʡ
϶̫̫ĭáӲҩһ˳ҩ԰Ъ
Ʒ첹ް̫̫˺һΪ̫죬ھӶˣűү˻ȥ
εһϰһֲۣ̾ǵһ֪ʲôˡ
ȥӱĴֲڵָ˵ۣ֪Ӧȥһ˭Ҳʶǵĵطӡ
ľɥͣеĶס֣ϼҸȫá˷ġ
ɫһݣص̾һ
˵Ͼķ첹·ĬĬĿš
ֱȵʢҹŷĵȥ˯
ڶգһԹ緹ս弸ϵ׺ֵܣȥɽϰɱϹɽ
ôһͷϹӣһھͺ䶯壡
ȵϹ˵ռңռſѱΧ˸ˮйͨ
˵ռҶģ
ϹӵǧѽɣȥϿ϶Ǯ
ɲǣ˵ƹأЩ¥Ҫ
նؿǺݺһʡ
ۺ찡ۺҲȥһͷ
ңͻۺ죿ɽȥˡ
˵ţһֵЦ
ռ׷˳
ľǣСľޣ߳ģĸŮˣЦĺˬʣȽϹӸˡ
Ϲˣǲܹˣȥ˼Ҳöȥˣ뵽⣬Цӳ졣
巿ԬۺƲƲ죬ôϹҲ֪Ǯһ˹ʺˣ
ĽŲյϸǰ͵͵ʣɩϹӵܸһ𣿡
Χʱһ˵Ŀ৵һ¼еϡ
Ԭ۾ֻҪɿڣҲҪȥҪֻ֣˵Ƕأ
ϼ˶ڿ˶㣬ɩôأҾֻҪһƣҪǡҪǲоˡ
УôУ
ϵĻ䣬һ
˷׷ײһˣЦźˡ
ŵЦ߽ҾЦ壬и飬岻ϹӰƤȥڡ
ľȵ˫Ȼһ䣬ǻŵЦһȣı
Χ־ϲ¶̰Ŀ⣬ƵĶڵϵϹӣŷֵԼܵö⡣
ϹӣһҲһһͷοɱ
ҲвŹ֣Ļ䲻ȴҲͬ
ϵЦĻһӽסæҲüͷ
һʱš
û˵ɫͦʵ̴Ц⣬٩٩شԭɣ˻ʳʮկĴòȴһүΪʮկһԴΪȣֻ˼Զܴ񼢶ȴǺصС˼ΪնŮն嵽ʱںأΪˣֻҶ˼ңԣųȰն壬Ϊأ
˵ĿһʱˢˢĻش
ڱ˻Ͽһǵͨ죬ȴ˵
ľȵ˫ɱ
Ǻǡ
֮
ܽһ治Ƕˡ
ܶȥˣ


23 ųԱ

ۡ
˵ĺá
øƨԼҵĶǴ󷽣ƤһգռҶϹӽޣ
٣˭ǵ
ռ϶ðô׸ǣ
˼Ժǵٵģռһùš
˵ǣռѾͷ˼׵ģŵ˹٣ǼѾͷǹټҷˣɲùš
ϣô˵ǽˡ
ռŮҵǴϾү
ү˵ĺãԺһǸù١
ǾǣռôŮ˸㡭

󣬾ǴЦǺǵĶ϶ŮãǶ˰¶
ն磬үΪǼһء
նӿиŶԴһﶼôãԺɿռҡ
һֱǳǳЦĶţȴδ۵ס
⸱ģľͻȻˣЦˡ
ΪڰҰ꣬ı޳ܿ͸ˣȴû뵽ջصʮһ꼸죬ˢ޳֪ܵޡ
ս˵ûˣû޳ܣֻи޳ܡ
ֵ
ЦΧϱǵõͬƵĸ˵϶ҹŮͬˣ㿴Цˡ
ϣɲǡ
ϼ˶ȥԼŮüͷһȥͰŮ
ľȾϵ䣬̽ԴЦʸղųǸϱӣӣ˵ҵҪɱˣǵøҼһʵģҼ˶ָ࣬ԣͶҪʵܳ;С
ǻǡտϱһ㶣ſھӦȴԵקһãȻĿȥҸɶۼҵҪ𣿡
źɸֵĵһۣ˵ʲôһһϱɫŹֵĴյֹ䡣
տϱһӾըëˣָľȴУСѾͷƬӣ׳Ǽ⣬ŶûУҼµƾɶҪ͵ø㣬㡭
м˾͵ͷǰǰһιأָǮʹ
ľϵЦԽŨˣ󷽷Ĵ߳Ц̵Ǽˣλ⻰ô˵ģǼҵģҼϹӿҵҸģôҼҵϹܰ׳ԣǼҵǾͲܰ׳ˣ
Ǽһҭǲ֪λشˡ
ϱ컹˵ʲôźݺݵһۣٲҳͷȴֹһ䣬ֲҪԵģǼŮ׸ǵġ
ʹѻظһ顣
ľȻЦţˣռҵŮ𣿡
һ㶡
üͷ΢ʾľȲҪ˵
϶ԾԼɷ͹ϹӰóȥҲгɼȻҵŮɫõĻӹȥ
ľȴҲأԻͷȥ֪ʱվռҼүӣүүô֪һǼοһûޣǼҵŮ𣿡
㣡үӳͷӻĺúõģŰռ
ɫ˲
Ƭ̺Цүӿ壬ʳɹѣΪүҲᡭ
ŵ˼ͷβ׸һ⣬ԭȵĿǼٵˣүӴ粽á
ü֪үΪʲô˲˵棬Щʣ죬æҾǺԽˡ
ľ򴽣үӰ䰮ļ̫ĽҲȻȻİѼнʣĿø˳Ե¡
֪ǣүӸʮկĵλȨһ
Ȩ๣
үƤЦⲻЦıܿŵĴͷӿɵ𡭡
ЦĲҪҪģȴ㲻ǵͷˣϰԵȥľȡ
ƽʱռ˵һʱľܻԱ߰Σ˳˵û͹ȥˣ졭
ľȿûһۡ
ľȴյߵ˵˼仰üɫ˲Цݣͷ
ֱľȸԼһ
Ȼ
ߵүߣ˵˼䣬үüľһۣɫǺܺõĵ˵ͷ
Ц̧֣Χ۵Ĵ˵ǣĻҲ˵һﶼ֪ϹӵҼʢɴϻ²أӼͷƤҲϹӰһûһҲҼҹС嶼˵úԺһӵĲԣ£Ϲ治ܰ׸һ
Χ˰⣬˿̾ñϷˣ˵Ĵ񲻸ˡ
ϣ˵ֵǣ˵ֵҲǣ϶˿ɲص


24 С˼

ɲǣ϶ǵˣء
϶˵ˣɲ˵ڹ˵ɣ
ΧһƬЦ
ľȳûɨһȦЩĴ񣬹ȻЩƽհռСˣֽŲɾͲ˵ˡ
µȻɫÿû˭ҵĶǴģıģҲ᲻ðԼĶװˡ
˼ҸϹӣȻ뻻ЩǮãοǼһмҪǮӵĲˡ
ôţһԱ̾СҲףһﶼһѰɡ
Ϲϵ׽ĴŸͣЩļ˶ڣپҲ䲻º÷һ󣬲òס˿ڡ
һϲȥľȣľȳգգۣ¶ЦݣٴǣȻܰ͸һһ볢ģöʲôһҲܸһӴ
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Ҹ˲ٶѿˣǲҲܻ
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Ҽ˺üĸȻµˣø˺ȣɩӣҪ
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ϱԣֺǺǵģɣҴȥ˳ָɱ͹㻹ʡһ֡
Χ˲һ˸߲ҵ˵üʲô
һϻοĿүӽзүӲÿɫЦݣĿҲ˼ִȸο
Щߺ˵׸ҪҪö˱źۼĸ˳ȥ
ľȲ׸Ц⡣
ǱԴӣȴⱻ˹ƻã£ģǳȫֻ
͸ȥôóѣ
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ĽȲˣֽ˺Եļƻգһ񣬺
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ȴȥûõôĴסȥ·
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һ˫ּģɫѿˣ˦˿첽ȥ
һʲôĶ
ĽŲһ٣Ŵ뿪ֻ׵ɫԽˡ
սˣŬŬ죬бһۣûͳʱ򣬹ĸӡ
ս͵ЦϺߺսЦĵͷ
ĸ˵ҿȽ¶Щˡ
̾ٿɣȽ꼰ǣǼ治ǺõģǾˣļʮĹɲǼ޹ȥĸģ
˵ϵղͬļ
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ܹ黹иͷҼսⱲǼ޲ȥˡ
սս϶˼ꡣ
ǰ컹ȽпսСʱһӴɵûѹôÿǿϧˡ
ȫһٶ໧˼ң˼Ҿõļ⣬ҲҪһģҪǸ˺ӽȡ
ʣһٶơƤսȫȥϸˡ
ȥľ˿Ϊ¡
үӼûһȥüͷ˵ʲô˼ɻһЩû뿪Ĵ񣬱ʲôû˵


25 ˣ

ȴһһȥүӽ˵
üͷɫЩá
Լһ˷
һɫүǲ־ɻˣ
ûеһʱڳĬһ󣬳̾һſڣ˼ӦøȥϣϹȥڵӣս˽ϹӵǮ
˵꣬ǹĨЦ
ȥӣЦһʰ·ˤϣȥϴҾ͸㲻ˣսսɩǵˣǸսսɩ׽״״ɩϵһ𣿡϶µؿڷƣƫַйӶЩˡ
ôЩ꣬ϴǶӻ𣿱ʮĵĶǷֻܵʮģôЩˣ˵ʲôүӾȻ˵Ļڮս磡ҪսսɩӣͷϵĲݶˣսŲϴ󱦱ŵĹޣ
˿ζүռҴӵɷ˵ս˽ǵӺ󣬺޲ܵүӸǰ˵Щ
һţ
Գ̾΢΢˱ۣʱϴЦݣյӶ˼䣬ϵɫŭָٵ͡һЦ
λεĴүӵʱ
ܹ̯̯֣ǺҪӣȻļҳ۸ļˡ
ϵЦȴûɷ۵׼εʧ䣬һ̾
Թкк˵үӶɷûʲô飬ʹУҲ类̫̫ͷ紵˼ʮûˡ
οүɷϧɷҲôС;ʹ˾
ľǣ޽ڷ棬ĶԻһǺЦԼҵ
򴽣ϣһĨЦ
׵ίܣռλʳֻҪԱ߾žͺˡ
ȻǰǲʲôԶ˼
ǰʲôζ

ʱսսϻûֱռңռүӵϹӵ˳
϶㣬ƺȻһܵõܹʮӡŶˣԭȥƹǼӣֻԸŰӣû磬粻ɣ
սüͷҰ죬ͷȥɫõүӣȰүӣնƹʱȱƺ⣬Լۿĵ͡
˵ţЦЦĺǺôնƹҲԼ׵ܵܵӰɣ
սָĲ䣬үӵѿˡ
սȴû˵˼仰˸ˡ
ϵӣһ˵ȡһСģҲأöʣ㽻ɡ
ռҵļҹ棬ûзּǰܸ׬˶ӣҪϽɹа˳ɣҲ˵ľʮӣֻжǵģʣµĶүӺ̫̫ġ
̧ߵſڣүͻȻס϶սСǻʲô˼ˣ
ĽŲһ£ȴûлͷ⻰ʴҺʡ
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һԲ
үߣȥϴȻ⾫ȴԼֵܣеţҪʲô˵
Ǳս·ˣ
Цˣŵ˲ָĮȻڴʲô֪үʲôô
ǿЦ
Ӧûпֵܣ˭Ҳﲻ
˵꣬ȥүӻʲôӦ뿪
үȷʵΪ֪ϴЩûٿ϶Իӣ˭ϴĵһӣкΨһһһͯƹģƫһЩ
ƫʲô
ָͷг̣ƫϴû϶Ļ·϶ھô꣬Ȼ˵ڣÿδԿȥɣԣЩϴ϶ӣһֻ۱һֻۣңΪ̫࣬Ѿˡ
ǽ⻰һƣƶ벻¶
ԣŻôż϶ȥսСӵ졣
϶ǻʲô˼
ǴӦԼûӦ
ûȥүӵľᣬ߸ջ˷սˣ첲Ͽһ֦ӣһ黨ƴɵĲţֱһݡ
æȥӣɩôöǡ޻
û˵꣬ϾͱŷϲЦݣ۾Ŀս
սЦŽӷŵϣƿ鲼һ۾ˣ޲


26 ѪԵϵǸƨ

ϼĿ޲һźɫһɫ߻һ۾ͿɩĲϺ㣬㹻һް㹻ÿһۡ
̧ͷȥ
һмɩôΪƷѣ޻޲ǮǸ㡭
սһ۵ɹȥզеǮ͸Һˣϵ˲ҪǮȽʢҪǮأϸʡŵ㻨ȥ˲
һɩС˵ҵҲҪúġ
սһ
˴ЦԹĿһ˫۾дˡӣȡ
̲סЦ̧ɷ첲ϴһƣɩǰˣƶ죬ôɩûûеĻٶ¡
սƹЦֵˣĵԽԽˣɩҲҴȤˣ
ɩǡЦеĴչȥסսӵĸ첲˻Σллɩ͵޻޲ֵǼҳңǶ·Ѽңҵ϶ܸˡ
սЦ֣Ҿ뵽öСҲȥϣǼҲЩ޻޲֪ҵģִ֣ũУǼƽȥҺ·պϴպϵûɶսСӵѿҪæˡ
ǻǶ¶ɩģϡЦӦ¡
ҹϵ׽˵Ҳ⣬˵Щս̧ͷ۴⣬Ժû߶ٳ˸ӳ
һɩǡ
Ϲһʮȥ統潻үӵģ
սѹ͵ǼһӶˣҪǮĵطĺȥֻжӹʲôģҸСȽҪζҩҪҩġǲҲиӦġ
⡭ϿίպޣǼһᣬۿЩ죬ǼһӶˣѪԵϵռ˳ʢЩͭ˶ڸʲô
ϴѹեǵӣҺռǼҵıˡ
үӺ̫̫ǰȵŴµÿһĻڵսսɩǵӣ
˶ӣ˵죬̫̫ͻϲĲϲĸԡ

ǾǲТû
Ǻǡ
ѪԵϵռңǸƨ
ƨиѪԵϵЩ۸Ƕʲôã
һգȥеˮ¶ЦݣɩΪˡ
ΪɶǸϵ׺ֵܣǼϴȥҲʲɶǷľˡս̾һϣͷȥС壬Ǽϴ˿ɲصôԺ󲻶ʲô¶ٸǾ㲻ΪԼҲΪӴˣʢҪ˵ףȽ۳ҲҪʼܼױžҵĽ޽ĶҪǮܲסӿɲǸ¶
ԣ϶һۣͬʱ¶Ц
⣬뵽ˣɽİ취
˴ӡ
սƼ˵ɫεҡҡͷǺúɣٲ뷨ӷּң۵ĿǼӡ
սӣ϶Ĭھĵģ˭Ҳûע⵽ϯϺһСӰ͵͵ĳ˷䡣
СӰϲõܽңķ䡣
ڴǰ顣
ûռҶĽӼãĸʱΪ࣬ǿ˧ݵԡ
˿һ˵Ϣͦεˣر˫Դ˫
СӰ̰Ŀţһ˫һǰһ˫۾գҲգ
ˣü̧ͷһۿվڲԶպģӹһĨͣȴû¶նᣬЦſڣĽôˣ
硭
պĵ۾ģ˫ؿڣһͨĿҡҡ
һյģԺȴͻȻʲôǹĨΣյ΢Цȣ߹ȥǣպĵֵӱߣ£ЦԽᣬ𼱣ʲô˵
պֱģԣһŴһץס䣬磬ҵˣۿģȥҪϹ˺öӣսүҵˣ϶ѧûˡ
׵Ĺâһ


27 

ȴſɬЦһпԵί⡭˰ɣǮһԼ취ҿɲ롭ٱ˵ǳġ
ЦЦ̧պĵͷ͵ļ˵ĽԺҪٵģڸԺӰ;ġЩ㲻Ը˵ֻ˵ǰһңǸˣ֪Լκ͵ʲôʲôҶ֪ǡֻҪĸһ̫أôΪ˵Լңн£һΪն룬ȴû뵽ΪԼ˵ġˣҸ˵Щʲô㻹Ǹӡ
̾һպЦЦղ˵ĻҵûҲҪȥ˵֪˵Ҵ㡭
硭
պĿЦǣǿ·Ϊ˰ο⳶ģ£ŭ
ΪǶ룬ȴһ⣻
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磬ѹ϶ԴԡԴһǰҺĻģ
պļеİο
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˵⻰ûʲô˼ռҼˣȴԼ˵Щָˣɳȥɷ
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˭޹ʱ˵ĳԿǸţٺЦŴչȥ°ͺߺǣС߯ɵˣ
Ц
мֵֿЦ˼䣬˼ʮͭݹȥʢ˵ʱļʮͭӣǮȥ˰ɣϵš
ӦһԺϤĴɤŶֵܣϱڼ𣿡
ܹѸü
˶һֱۣܹѸ߲ƣæѴϵӺɢͭ
Ȼ
ܹѸ˻Ӧأƿڵķţֵ˽һվڴߵķϱһЦӴģӶɶأ
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ܹѸƲƲ죬޵ĺһߵԱߣһƨ£̧ͷֵܣϴҸ˵£øû
һ㶣ȥϣϽüͷҡҡͷͷҡһ룬ͻȻӦܹѸҪϴûҪߵȥѧõĻ̾ʹŭɫ
ᣡ
뵽ܹѸȽǰ˵ʲôƨǧСĻϾһӻټϴ˿ܹѸһǷǸɲҲƶ飬һ¥
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ɩҪ٣
ܹѸһϲϣ಻࣬ˡ
࣬ˣ
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˹ɫҲÿ뿪ھܾȴһûǮذɡ
ܹѸϵЦһ٣ôûǮǼҲǸϹ𣿲ǸյʮҶ֪ˣﻹأ
Կһۣһ
ܹѸƼ˵ɫЦˣҲҪﻹжǻˣ꿪˴ֵܾܽɽˣʱǮˡ
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޳ܲҪģôһһƴˢ޳ܲҪ޵ˣľøûʲô˵ˡ
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˵꣬־סܹѸ죬קŽϳ˷䣬Ժ
ܹѸƺû뵽ϻᶯֱ֣ƨظо۲һӵ˹ȥϣҶңŲҰǼҵܸ̫̫


28 

ܹѸ㻹ҪҪˣ
ɫˣƽֻ֪Ǹģû뵽ǸĿĲֶҪЮ˵Ļɫ
Ĵܳʲô
Ǿϸѡĵ׸Ƚ˸ʲôƨ£Ϲˣ
ԽԽݺһܹѸ֣ȵϽҹǼһͭ嶼㣡
ܹѸһʹ֡϶ŭӵתȦȥֵܣŮۿ궼ҪȥˣǲҪ࣬ҪġˣҶ˹ôҲһȥѧô϶һܸԼһ
һѾܿݴȣ㲻Ҫáıϡ
ĺǺЦһƢûˡ
Ůû˵˽Ҳͨ
ľڵĳ֣ӷ߳ʱͿܹѸƲ첻Ŀϣ˵ĻӣǶ֪֪׵ģǵǼԺоٵүȽӾȨȽļױˡһҪõģҪǷǲӦǡҾֻаӵ¸Ǽ̫̫̫̫˵乫ˡ
ţﻹû޹ȥȱδż˼ױ
ķζҪըˣ
ľ۵˹õľܹѸľȣܹѸˣһҪǮǿ㣬ʲôģ
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ۿԼ׵СƢҪƲסڵĺ֮Ҫˣľæ߹ȥסϵĸ첲˻ΣĶЦЦֵġ
ȽϵȦˣ̫ԲȽˣô͸ȽôһţȽԺӿô죿
ľЦǵĲ˲ϵļͷϵɫԻ˼ֺ󣬲ֱӣЦӯӯȥܹѸȥ̾ȥɡ
ܹѸһ㶡
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С
ԣܹѸ¶ϲɫĹЦͶӸңߣ׼Ǽ̫̫˵һ䡭
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ܹѸĻû˵꣬߹̫̫ϡ
ܹѸһȻʼգ۾дšٲӦ˾˵ˡģüͷŻ̫̫ҪͷӦܹѸľקһѡ
ľЦ̣˵Ҫ˵أǼҵйء
̫̫۾̾ˣɶӣܹѸѻ˵
죬˵ʲôľȴյߵ˵Ȱסԥŵͷ
ӣƤôһֱգգȥģ
ľЦЦܹѸܹѸ̬ݺݵһڣһʮ壡˵ԴҶûôǿˡ
϶һۣϳ˵ͷͬʱľһۣԼҹڵģȴѡš
ǰһ޲ɶԣǼʲô£ɩӾܵ˵
˵˵ܹѸˣתͷͶ̫̫̫̫Ƕأ͵͵Ӳǣ˽أ
˵꣬ȥ뿴˾ʧ롢¡ֻŵɫ˭֪ɫ䣬Եľ¶Цݡ
ˡ
һѻ˭ϣûſ죬̫̫ͷˡ̫̫ǺЦһԷҾ˵ôôһӣȥôҲܵøʮȻ͵ˣǲûȥӣЩٺôЩֵǮĶӣûһ𡭡
üȥֻԸӵϴ󣬿ǰڮǻ̧ϴ̫̫һ䣬̫̫֪֪ӴǮ
ͻȻͲˣﻹЩֺǵ̫̫Ӷിƣܶöӡ
̫̫ԸԼԼǲԵö಻ص࡭Т˳ǲǣ
϶ϣﻹûЩӽ̫̫˵ĿڸԵõſӵĲӣԽ˽β
ƫүӴˣ̫̫ƵĽ˵һ飬үӵ׺˲֨Ķ޺ľһۣʣô£϶ǲ˽صģ


29 ˭Ҫ

Ǿ͸ϽóЩ۶ӣñ֪ˣΪҺôŰˣȽ㻹Ǹӣʲô¶ͣҲ´ȥ
үӵɫѿ˵Ļ
үǣȽ̳˭֪Ƚ˵ĵߣүô˵ǹģ
ⱨ̫̫ĳأ
ľȻûüѾ˻Ůģʽ
ָͷڷ˼ֺݾȽʲôˣү⴫ʲôŶˣүǰأãҲʲôͷˣһӴˣҾͶ̫̫Ƕˣһ˰ˣ
̫̫ŵͫһһ̶ܵү󣬲ŽŴ÷εģһָͷҡ㡭
ҿ˭ӣǰľȻү̫̫ţοŮȽ£еء
ϽľȽ§ڻ
үƤŤ鴤ָ̧ǡ϶ôϱҺﻹûҺ
۴УҲ֪ȽǸӣô˵ĻҪĭӱȽܶ¶ǲ˵ʲô֪ʲôҲ׵ĺܣ˵һ仰ǳ˶˺ޣȽô죿һӿܾͱһ仰ˣĸԼĺӶסʲô
ľһ¡
⻰˵ĺݼˡ
װ׵ָүƫģװ׵ĸүӣǻһӣˣܸëĵ
ү촽£ָ˵
ܹѸɵۡ
ռˣȴû뵽ִˡ
ҿ˲ע⣬͵͵ߣȴһֱעΧľƼסӣ߰㲻ǿź˵Ҽ˽ӲϽ֤óȻȥ˵죬ү̻ôڴˣаܻŮӶϱŮı޳ܲҪĴ󻵵𣿡
һ䣬ľҧ֣ʴ˵˳
үӵƤĸˣһ˫ۺ޲ľȣ̫̫ʱƣۻʢҰ˼죬û
ܹѸ߲ãֻվԭأɰͰ͵ĳЦɶҲûźŰ㿴¶ֵģֻȽ輸ӡ
ľЦЦĿ
ܹѸĻЩ˵ȥˣպ˸Ҫ
òҼ˽ӵ֤ݣȴõĳľɨһ˸ߵǽͷ̽ǿϤԴǹĨЦȴֺģ͸类ϹӴˣ徭ûȥϣսæȥϹӣսǶӣ˴󲮵Ӹӣ¥ҩ꣬һʮӣү潻˰ǵöսżү;˾ˣ֪ұ̴Ĳ͸ҲϹӴˣûǮҩ壬ӽս壬ӴǡүǲſŸ󲮣ȥսϹӵľ¥ҩһʣһʱ֪٣Ҳ֪ӴлûаѵսĶԻꡭ
үɫ꣬ĿŰɵľϴ˼תæ󣬵סүӵߡ
˵Ǿǣ˭֤̫̫ľȽΪ
ҿ֤ȽүҸģ
սɫص˵
ս塣ľЦͷҺˣүҵĻءүүҲҪϽ𣿡
үӺ뷢ȴЦһŤͷܼҵСϱżϱǽͷϿϷһ˲ȻһȦͷݺݵһۣ߷ŭ˦뿪
̫̫үӴǰԸ࣬һڣ۷ӹܹѸûҪĻ
ľɨۿϷڲŰѷŹϵ巿ϺЦȴûһ˿ЦûʲôĿƤ²̨ܹѸ
ҡҡⲻܣС˵ս˽Ӹǵģôģ̫̫϶ǴͨõģǧҪƭˡ
ޣǴͨõģϾ¥ҩ̵ƹܴͨˣһѸ춫ҴҵģҪĶ
ܹѸһ׽ӣֺŭĶŽˡ
̫̫ܹѸƲƲ죬漴ûһڣֹӻݡ
ЦŸսлս壬˻ݡ
޽ܵľȸǰһѱסľȵȣľȵͷһСϣ޽
޽Ц
һ
ʱ͵͵ĿüΡ
ľֱ¡
Ȼ


30 ۶

Թһһ˵ˡ
ǻû˯ܽ𣿡ϴżֽӲЦվſӵ
΢΢üһۣεףվȥ˵
òãҾ˵仰˵ˡɫһ䣬֣ݵĵſסȥ·
ϵüͷĸˣ˽һ˻شߣӭǰãôʲô£
ɨһۣЩ˼ĴͷԥǸһ֪ô˵˵⻰ܾе㲻ʣǡҲû취ˣҵе취ҲڹҶɩɩ֪ͶǺˣЩǼҵĺãҿأҲǲ֪жˣɡûа취ˡ
˵ţ̧Ŵ󲹶ȥᣬ˳һѱĨŸϣȻ˴ִ֣һĿϡ
ľȿһ񺮣ôˡȻȴǸƵˣ˿̡
ϱ˱ۣһȻڼʲôƬ̺ۣ˳ͼЦãʲôֱ˵ɣ˵Щеûģ
Ҿ֪ɩǺˣһǵģΪЦȥץϵ֣ۼֿװͷϵľӣܿϡ
ɩĽһί
һã󻰻˵ǰ棬ܰǰﲻ˵ҲҺ˸
ܣܰֻҪɩԸ⣬϶ܰģָˣ׽ߴգǸɶⲻǿҪǴ˰㶳ҲͶˣɩ˵ǰɣɲ˸ǺӰЩģ챧Ӷ£ɩûƼϣĶûһõطˣ⵱۵ġɩˣҲûɶͷŸһһްûǮ
һ飬̾ǰôһѵ⣬飬Ǯģ
ɩܸܲҶӣˣ򲼺޻Ҫӣҡһް޿㡭ÿȥʮصأŶֺˣҡۡ˵ţϷſɵ죬üĿϡ
ϣ
ľգգۣɫĿϡ
Ǹǽ裿
˭ţ
ȻҲϻĿװǣûг
һʱεļž֮С
ϼϳò˵ϵЦЩҲסˣ˺һŵɩҪΪѵĻǡһҲɣ޻İҲĳ
ãҼֻжӣҪʢȽҩõģ⻹һϵĿϡ
ЩüɩƭʲôǽԺҶˣ㻹
ҵ￴˺ӿӵģ
ϵĻ̬ȼҼҵӶƺˣÿһͭ嶼ڵϣûжǮãˣҪϢˣذɡ
ϵһǵͨ죬ɩզղŻ˵Ҫǵġ
ǼҲѱԣԲˣá˵ţߴƵϡ
϶ţɩ㡭ôӣһզͲˣҪֶֶŮ𣿡
˵ʲôһ۵ʲô˵
ءǻġȽ죬Ҷû̫̫㡭һӶ᲻á
ľȣǺǡ
ģʮ˵ĺ˼ĺ¶Ƶġ
ľϻֻľȣϾ۵ļϵĹﱻ̫Ŵķ巿ڼȴûһ˳һ£
Ҫӣ
ҵӾȥιҲЩûûεĶ
ϻĵϣãЩǼɢɢ˶ûиҪûҾͰһ£պǼȱӵĽǰһǣΣ
ס˲ӣû˵ĻȻֹϴż־ŲЦɩǼɶʱˣզ֪ˣ˸ˣȻȥˣ˯
˵գһ̵ܳ˶صһ˷š
һת벻϶ӣĥĥһùһҿôùʮ塭
¶޿ı飬ݵĿϡ
ľգգۣ޽ߣק߷㶵ҵǻϢˣҲЪϢ
߳䣬չϷţ洫ӣ㣬ʹġ


31 

ҸղҪǲ㣬ǲǾҪѾӹ͸ˣĵһ˫۾Ѫ˿ȻˣЩǼӣȽ㱻̫̫ءһȫ￴֣ƾʲôƾʲôҪȥЩûĵĶҸԺǼҵӾȥιһǣ
˫˳ɨڵλã䷢̾ϢڼûʲôڸеܣûٰģԴĺӸԼĺһɡȽ̫̫ôôأǡȻûһ˳裿
Ƚô
˵ʵĲǲ
ֻǣЩһֱˡ
ɷĬϱͷһŵҪʵѹ˽°һЩ
÷ɫӵĿӡ
϶ݺݵӣҪӣûŶ
úãģ
Цﲻ֪ӻôСĺܿࡣ
ϱЦƤ죬̧ס˫ۣʲô
ҵ÷ôôãϱһǾʲô˲õˣⱲӲȢ㣡ϵ֣ϸϸ˵š
ϵˣӯЦ⣬һô˻˵ôĻ
߷һƪȴˡ
ռɫŵܽݣüͷʣզˣջǵģ˵ϴˮأ
ˣȥˡɫһ䣬æ˸ЦתŶˮ
ȶˮݣ϶ڵϰϴš
ۣİ뿿ڴͷľ裬ŵװӶһ࣬һڴѩ߶ľˡ
ϰһɷ򶳵ĽţЩԹϣôӸһզˣ
ôѣǵɩӵΪɶ֪ǵѴһѣ
ԽԽϾʹ˳µҲ˼֡
üզˣһһصģ
һƽͷ˵ˣԹ˵ɩզôţһӶ᲻ã׸㲻һƤֵܣǿǼûǮƲǡ
ϵĻû˵꣬ͱһ߷ڵء
զ
ûɫĶһˣûһҲͰˣ㻹ȥҪӣ˭ĵӣӴһѾסϵͷһȹȥŵɫˣӲһƣһ˲ɼ˴ġ
ίž䣬ǼأôꣿⲻǿҲûů͵ް޿㣬˸ް޿Ҳůˣš
ˣɫѿĴϵĻЬݺݵһۣȥɩ㲻ǣǲԭ㣬͸ʰȥ
ǰһڣ˹ȥץסĸ첲ȥȥߣһҾû·˰
һ˦̧ų˷䣬ϰĿͷæһĨͱ飬С鲽ܹȥ˳ĸ
ýݡ
İȻĶһۡ
һĴͷɩǶԲסǣǼҳһæûϣµĻϹ֡
һۣͨһڵϣϵ·µ˵ҵĴǼûǮֻ̫˺ͺӣŶɩֵ֡Ҵˡ
ܿĹݣ⻰ɺ
Ǹ𣿣
ɫҲмֲÿɨһۡ
һ׽ӣ̧Žſϣú˵
Ͽ޵Ǳˮͷɩ֪ˣǺˣ϶Ҽƽϵġ

Ҫ֣סˣ¶Һɩϵģǻȥɡ
ϻϲҪͷܿ
ǰͷߣĵĸں棬ϸСĿ
ֺֺЦⶼʲô¶ûӾǲֵˣǲǿԸһЩǶǶжֱֵ֣д
ҲһΡ
̾һϴ˯¡
ڶ죬緹ĥߴŽݣϵί͸룬һ仰Ҳ˵ջϸЦˡ
Ҳֱ緹ȥ̫̫
ߵԺ˺սҵĹŮˣ˰
Ͻһ٣ûӦͼľȷһ㳯ȥ


32 ս

ҵųϣһֵʣ˵ս𣿡
սҡ
ʮկֻһսңֻһս
սսɩң
ս
ڻɫ˲ҰףȶһҵŲ죬ȥβүү
ã㡭ҵӦˣɫԣЩĵĿ
ϰ֣û£ȥȥ
ҵͷɿϣŲɿܳԺӡ
սɩ۵ļϵĺӣǧ°
һ˫ֺʮĬĬ˼䡮ӡѹµ׷˳ȥ
ϴݳϴæ뿪ıӰǲƲƲ죬뵽ղŵĺУ˸ս찡սǸɵѾͷˣģ϶Ҳˣ͸һ
뵽ĶӣŵֱܣҲȥݽ̫̫ԷˣһܻԼݣŸ𴲵һһŮȥӱˣ
ߣľΪṦܵļ죬ϵĵһˡ
ӰߣӱԵ§ţŵɫҰף˫ֱĿźˮһ
ľһʲô˲ãŲͣҪˣһϽõϱһסȽʲôҪ𣡡
Ҫս㣡ľһɵѿϱӵ֣Ƥգһµ˽˱С
ϼӵŵ뾪УϼŮ˽Ļ棬ӾһʶľҪŷ˹ȥȴ֮սס÷Ҫ
ɩſңȽȽˮͷϵ˻ûá
ţСӸСѾȥˣˮԼõģսİݣµȴһҲûգȵȥǹ˲㣬ᵢսȽģ
ԣȻͣȥ棬ˮȻӰӰ´µսҵĶСӺСӣЩϵĴѾԷ˼һѺӱߵһЩ俪ˣǾܵһʱϰ
ֻˣڵϡ
սҲ̱ڵϣ˫һ۵Ķź档
ˮ̹ǣͷϵ˿ڴһһʹûľȵǣںҧƴһںˮѰսգǻĿԽԽ٣ǼѪ֮ףǿҪϢǰף֮ǰҵս㸡ȥҲģ
ҧأٴȥͻȻĴУæýŹסץסоһпϲļᣬסһţӻϸȥѾЩԺǼѪζҲˣ˿ʼĿʼ³ݺҧŴ꣬ݼһƬѪȵζȴûѼ֣ӻ³
ɿս㣬˵ܸȥȴе˱ĸˡ
ǰһаսģŴͼСֻǧСģȴһĳ֮УսһƬģսĹ;ΪȥǸУ
СҹˮսΪǰˮȴ֪ⱲҲҪս㣡
ҧҧݣƴһӺݾʼĽеͷϾ٣֪϶˽ӦֻҪսȥսͲ
ս㣬ǧ£
ǧҪ£
֪˶ãֻк¡ڴףԴγʲô˼ǼµѪܸоʲô֪ˡֻ֪Ҫе˾ȥٵԽߣȥϣԽ󡭡
ҵˣ
ߴϲһЦսһɣбûԸٵٶ³ȥ
Сӣ죬Ƚ桭
֪£ֻӱ˱סϸ¶ͷֵĺУȽ
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Цãս㣬ԼҲû׬ˡ
ȥӹѪˮľȣԼϵްľϣľ§ڻתͷҵȥѼޱ
ҵӦһײײȴܵķɿȥˡ
ľȵ촽䶯˺ü£˺ܴɳ˵֣ҡû¡
Ƚɵӣ㲻ˮҪ죬ȴŮĲҿ޳
ľ򴽣뼷һЦݺףȴԶСϧ̫̾ˣսѾȥˡ
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ô᣿
ôܣ
ǰսȻ˵ģ
ȻˣսĳɵҲˣҲĸ黭ѧ̡ҽ䡢书ıԣһ
ôᡭأ
ţ
˵ʲôţ
͵ѿϣսյķȥ


33 

ս㡭
ԶĵϣһŮӡ
Ůӵɫѿͷҵϣϵް޿ȫˮʪȾһƬʪһۿȥ伫ˡ
˸ϵ¶ȣ
սձķ·û¶ȵ֣ľֻһƬհף͵ȥС塣
Саʹ֮ɫҡҡͷ̫ˣǡںʱѾ
ܣұսʱӻȺģľִֵĴսվͲƵģǸ绪޵ŮӾ۾ЦӯӯĿǵšСɵƵġ
ȽϺ۾ްŮϣȴȽֽ⿪սǰĿӡ
ϴʧɫȽҪʲô
ľȴʲôˣͷʹѵҪըһôƴ벻ǰսôȵģ
ɵſҧԼĴ꣬ʹƬ̵ѣȴڼĶ
ս̹ǣԣüȷӼ˵˵ܱס
˫عϷֱϰؼ硢۲ֱ°ѹعǡѹȱָңѹʮϢҪһٴΣϿڶԿڴ230ÿ2οڶԿڴʮఴѹ
ľһսյﴵںؿڰѹ˷
ѶĴ񶼲ԶţľȵĶ
ռѾͷڸɶ
˽ܲˣϹء
˵զôɶϹڣսѾͷôƽҲһӵģ˵⻰ġ
⡭õãԼ򻹲ɡ
£ȻµĺǸɵģɵһ˵ﶼЩȻ
Сľֵľ˷ʱȥľȿڱǿʼѪսؿںʱɫȻ䣬Ѿͷס֣Ѿܲסˡ
ľȴδš
С弱ֱ֣ȥս
ϺŮﲻ֪ŮѾĲӣȴƫŲ֣Ļοѹ
ȽսѾȥˣġ
սĿѾľȴҧֲȽٿڵɫҰףûһ˿ŮѪύӣʹ̣
˹ȥס״ľȣȽúӣлл㣡㲻Ҫս㡭ȥˣúȥɡӵģְա
ľҡͷһ˫Ѫļͫʣᶨ쳣ս㲻սԭǾȻ˵ģôܻһҾ˵ķԣ֣Ҫս㣡һܾȻս㡭
Ƚ
ԣսɫΪ֮ݣ԰׵ˮҪǮƵĹ䣬Ҳ̲סеıսսˣԺô
ΧĴҲ۾ĨᣬƽƤӺĴ帾Ҳ̾
С̲סҲмʪ
Ƭ̣תͷѾͷڰս㣬ĺõġúӣְգٲ֣ҲҪΣˡ
СĻһԻʪ͸ɫ԰ף˫ĿĿõս磬һ̧һľȵĺ󾱡
ľȵӦڵء
СæֺʱԽɫԽѿǺ֣ͷϵ˿ڸոս̻ںˮôáǲҪˣ
ϵɫش䣬ϥ߹ȥ壡Ƚ
˱ȥˮݸˮ裬ŨŨĽȥͻȥҩϴ˿ڣ
С˶٣սսúս߰ɡ
սſսյϣ޵սǾʹ߳ߵжۣһһŵ䡣
С峤̾һתߡ
ս޳һ˶ҲѹĲУսĺ󱳣ȴһ䰲οĻ˵Ҳ֪ô˵
ȽһԵս˵ͷúùҰٺȽٹ
ллҪչˣ㡭սɳƵܾ߿Լģǵͷлл
ĨĨᣬɵӣ˵⻰ʲô
ޱȽߣҵں棬ˮ̡
ɷս磬æͷжӣս嶼ȥɽϣȥǻ
ҵæĨһᣬӦãɽȥ
ȵռңռķſ˵ʲôϱȽһ
ؿڰӴϵĽУɩȽզˣ
һֳڣһ˫ĵɹȥŵʣµĻȫ̽˶ӡ
ԽˣҪߣ²֪ȵӣһģϼ״ǰסϣɩȽҪɣС壿


34 õ̫̫

ųһ亹æסӣϵͷлĵãСؼҩһ͹еͷ֡
ɩˡףϻûѪɫ԰ֽСʱһ̾˿СĻŶķߡ
ʢվſڣľȵģɫ˲ĲҰףȡȽȽôˣ
ˮսͷϵˡˡϽľȷڴϣͷӣӻûãشȥš
ʢ죬ս
ϵˮʹҡҡͷ
ʢЩվסһţôô᣿ǰս绹˵ܹӣҪȹȥʡҴսġƭҵģսûǲǣ
ϱۣٴҡͷүү˵սھʱѾȥˡ
ϵһ漴̾һ˵䣬ת뿪˶ֻǣߵſʱĿ⸴ӵĶ࿴ľȺüۡ
ʢտľȣԼȥˮ̫̫˺ð죬ȥȥݣ֪̫̫˵ʲôһ̫̫ͣˡ
϶ˮطϴݳͷлЦŰ˰֡
Сܿľ˿ڵʱһıţеæ꣬ϣͷϵ˱Ͳᣬһںˮôãпܶ񻯸Ⱦһϵͻ֢صĻܻܿ
ϵ˫һû̱һ˫ַסϽӿ˵Ļĵ磬Ƚ
ˡ
һͷĺˮȻǼܻģӵӣ侲Сӣ壬а취Ƚһصģǲǣ
һϣ̧ͷ
С΢˱ۣǸؼѾͷûлԲѻղˣͲд⣬ǡһ˵뾡ջ߻
㣡ء
ۡ㣬㲻Ҫ
ҵ޽Χڴͷ޽СȴԼĽ㣬ʢ촽˫ˣֱֱĿڴϵá
һѾͷǷģѾͷô壬үġСź룬ͷ
϶һۣ¶ϲɫл塣
лүү
С˰֡
үԺСԺһۣæ߳ȥүüսҵĹŮûˣ
Ųһ٣˵ͷ
ү̾һϧôӡѾͷû°ɣ
ۿһ죬ԺںˮݵʱЩ˵ЩΣգҪ
үһС嶼˵Σյģǲûþ
뵽ʲôүӵɫЩÿ˵ʲôȴڿڸڼҵǶǽʱסˣȥ
үɫĻݡ
յĽ˽תݣϵＸ䣬һС˵Сͷȥɣ۹ŮģĵʲôɵģȥҲãѾͷңµġ
ϺĨŮĶͷлС壬ʲôҵȥǡ
С˵ͷ
һǰһ˷䣬ߵԺſڣͻȻ̫̫ס϶ҵģǸվס϶ҵģ㣬Ůǲǿˣ
ϵ̾ͳʣĸóӵĶ̫̫ǰҥģ̫̫гҲ죡
̫̫һ죬ĿʶĿݡ
˵ЩеûģҸ㣬ҪǿˣǸϽҰ͵ɽȥڼϾ͹ˣûûûССˣҴҡ
Ѫӿ˳ֳ˷Ժ¥µĸɲӣ̫̫˹ȥ̫̫໲ҽС
ҹĺúõģ꣡˭ٸҾ͸û꣡һӶ̫̫ұϥϣ̫̫Ӧڵϡ
һӸµЦЦ̫̫𣿡
㡭̫̫һǱֱôвɫֱ࣬£ȴתɫƵˡ
̫̫ӵС潸СˣСӣбռţ
Ŷֺð죬һƨɣһַŤݡ
һݣͶүŭЩŤ
̫̫һ⣬ͷӣ˵զ죿ѾͷҪڼ
²࣡үӺݺ˦ӣݡ
̫̫һۼүԶˣ޵һ˿ڿˮԼȥ˵ҳͷԹûΪʲôö


35 ԷС¶

սҴһ졣
ϰսսվ·˱ŵľУһжɵĽţȴִ
Ϊսδ˱ûˣũ壬иĵĹأû׵ĺܽأֻڻɽҸطˡ
ս̣޵ʹȥսսսҼֵܽ棬Ѿ˴࣬С⣬ȴܾ
սһŭ֮£ҪɽȦһط˵Ժһ˶Ƕ
սҼֵܴ󾪣˵ⲻϹأԺֵܼصûｻսЦҪȻŲһҽصˣθɣ
㻹ˣز۵ĺӲܽǹأҲӦģ
ս֣زҲգ
ֵɫ࣬һ˰죬ۿս˹ľҪɽ̧òԱսүս̫̫ԶԶĵط˲һط
ս廹Ҫȡս£ɣսģԺǾĶһ
սأõķǰģһһգһҲк𣡡
һ߸̾սǸø磬һֵиõĲϹأսȴܲˣڵϱĹ޵ӡ
Բ̿׷ױߡ

˻صռʱѺ͸̫̫Ժ֡
ʡĵĶܰѲ̶ѵţզԼ㱾£ҴҴܡ
һۣ˭Ҳûֱ̫̫Լݡ
̫̫״ԲСӣݺݵĶŵأָɣС潸ССӣб³ȥҴܣ㻹ռҸɶ˼Ҷãб³Ա˼ס˼ȥҸǰװʲôŮТޣ
ɶʱТ˳ˣĴҲǹԹԵզôĨҡվһ巿ԬŤŤֵӲˣһ㲻˵ҾҪ˵ģ
̫̫ݺݵһۣ㡣
ң˭ңԬϻǲԸ⡣
̧̫̫ͷ˶ķһۣͷֵԬһۡ
ԬһɩǣӴϣҾ˵ôТ˳ˣҲ᲻ҡҶվˣ㿴㼸ӶĲˣǸϽɣ
̫̫Ҫ˵ʲôϿŶĮĿŶˣǶķ𣿡
ɩǻˣѾˣ׼һ£Ͼܿˡķϴ̽һͷ΢Цŵ
ϻһЦĿɨ̫̫
̫̫һϥͻȻʹתֵȥ
ԳԳԾ֪ԣһʱ죬ǴԼ˻Ǯ𣿡
ԬϷ˷ۣ˵֣Ҳûݶ١
ԬߵԺſڣ𣬡ɡɡɡԷ
ɡɡɡԷ
÷Ӷһ
ڣľȱĽüͷ޽һۣСȥĶ䣬䣬
պڴβŶˣϴżֲ԰סϽ̴ͷߡ
Ͽһۣü
ȥԷȽ
ššüҡ
ҽ춯֣үӺ̫̫Ҳ˳ۣٲڣźȥɣҴɻͺáҡͷϣ
εĵ˵ͷ
ϲ¶ˣȷʵڣүӺ̫̫ϡ
ƽճԷһһŮһڹİԣŮֻһСӣһһС
ȿʼ˭Ҳûע⣬һֱĽ޽ǰвˣĽ£û⣬޽ȴΪвίᶼˡ
Ҫвˡء
޽ǰĿһ٣沶ڿЩ˼ĵͷС粵⺢զ˵أ˵ĺŲˡ
Ҷˣ㵲޽öˣķͩ
ϵ˲Ǻˣ֣ҡûУͩ㿴ˡ
ķϿһۣüЦЦŮ֣úóԷ
ͩ죬ܲϲϵӺһŤͷ
ϸ
Ӽ˼˷ŵ޽С룬ְԼûİķŵ
ͩѧ˼ԼԵĲ˸޽һģ޽ͷ޽㶼ôôҪԲܳĸŶ
޽ŴŴĵллллл㡣
ͩЦеİ֣л
̫̫״ݺһۣͩҲһ۵硣
ϲΪ⣬ָͩ˼Ӳˣڳɹ̫̫һѶºĳ


36 ˲

ù̫̫ˤݡ
үӿۣڵòӦ󣬽طŵϣҲ
һֻڳϣָȴµµתſ磬զǵˣ
壬Ϲ˵ɶأɶϵüĿȴżֲͬ磬ֵ˵䲻ӦĻ¶Ĺˣǳ˵ĻʣҲӦö֣
ɫһ̧ȥ
ȴûԽ˵ñӿ۵Խ󣬡⡢ɶӣռҵĶϱǡ˵ǰǴ˼ҵѾ߶ʶֵô峣ĵ¡ТΪȶ֪ˣ
ָɩ˵꣬ЦЦбһ˫䣬·Χ޵ĺ
ŵߣŸ첲ӵԹԸ¡ˣҪ±Ӱãģһ˯ȥඡ
黬ˣһԵüбһۣӷµ磬ɩĸ򡣡
һźʵ˲ǵͨ죬ҡҡġ
öɩΪԼȻġ
ҡҡ
Դʹ࣬Ҿ֪˵ɶǴҾ͸һԵƺ«ﱻ۸Ҳÿ
һ˵ĸӿɬһ仰Ҳû˵˵ͷװ˰˲Լʡɣżӳݡ
̧ͷ󣬡ģǲ˵ˣ
磬ֻ˵ɩ֣֪ɩΪʲô֣̾һɻǵõɩ˸ʱӣõǮһûؼұ￴ӵϣȴСİɩɩжʹ˵ɩװҪ֣˭סϱͺӵģ
ãȻĿǡզһ
ﲻһ紧װͿĺ𣿡
˵䣬ûһۣվϴźˡ
˲ɷס
ڰ߹ȥ˳䣬˵ĶԣҸ˸Ƕɩȵģ˵еˡҿˣҪҪȥǡ
û˵ɩǺţĲզͲ˵ռҵˣǶϱ˦ϣǱգöһ֮ǲզأԼﶼﵽͷ۸ˣԲģһŮ˵Ҳɣ
У¶һø˲
ԺϽ߼׷ѵſڵӼˣɵݹȥɩ㣬µģܸɾ
ЦЦֽӹķ˵ͷŽݡ
ͩץϵ֣СԴʣΪʲô˵ĻġƽʱôáҿԲϲ𣿡
ЦͩͷʰĸɷߵĴŮٽٽ˵أ
ٽһۣǳֲϲϲ
֪Ľ˵ʲô˼ϲϲϲٺ١ͩգںˮĴ۾龫Цš
ٽ¶һЦݡ
漴ʧЦŮһۣһ龫֣Ƿ˭ˣ
վſ˶Ի졣


37 

ӵ߹ȥ͵ɫڵ˵ɷüۣŵ͵͵Ŀڣզˣ
ڹҡҾ͹ңźӹңҾ֪Ƕңû¡һ˫۾ֱ㶵ĿǰⶼΪɶ
һƿӴ󲽻ԼݣŽɽ
ϲԵ׷ȥզˣ
զͺúõԼˣ
ûû°
һ˫ŮҲ
Ԭϰ˭ˢ밡
û˻һͷļԣһ߳һвˣԣϽԣǻȥ˯


˺ɵݸϣƼɣֵĿЦЦģ˵Ե
΢ͷͷлл
ʢҵ޽չȥһ˴ӻͳɣЦŵݹȥҲˡ
ҵɵӡЦȴᡣ
Ľ㶵վں棬ÿжİɣмˮ˹ȥסϵȴޣҡ̫ˡأҲǹġ
ϱͻȻסеɹ䵽ϣҵæȥٸϣĽۡ
Ľ޵ĸˣһѱһĿߣֻ̫ˣŻ˸
ϳ̾һͷû㣬ɣ
ءˣϲˡĽΪЦͷϡ
һԵϣЩĲ˳ɣʣµɷָ˼Ӻͺ
ĽڴβĿż˳ԸɻЦֺǺǵģŲ׵ľȣͷָް½ǡ
ãԹСˡ
ҹľȵͻȻֹ̽ȥŮ̵ˣæʢϢС塣
Сһľȹ̵Ķͷɫһҩó׼õҩݸϣȥҩˮһ룡
ͷҩȥݡ
Сûоƣ
һҡҡͷ
СüתͷȥսָУ
۾һԶԶԣУȥ
ܿתɫ԰׵ս޽˹ȥסսСȣͷӣ㡭ء
սæס޽ϵᣬ޽ްһµġ
Сսɫã˵ʲôսȴҡҡͷС̾һãҪ˰æ
御˵
һ϶ҵһþƲȽ壬ڷ˫£Ƚȥ
սɫصͷã
ҩãľҩȲȥˣϼˣСɫˣ˿죬ȥ
սͷȥľȵ죬ȴĲ£һҧԼĴӹӣɩ
ҩ˳Ĺȥ˶˳˷䣬սϿֿŵĽ⿪ľȵ·СķԸ޲һһĲľȵ塣
һһ飬һ㶼
ɫףȶȥһЩ˸һֿʼգСҩּһҩսϲϵþƲľȵ塣
ڼ䣬̫̫ð˵ǶǵĻһ߶ǽשȦ̫̫ĲŰܻݣٲҷһ仰
үĿۣԺӡ
ϴŮΣ޽ȥķ˯˻С˯лŽн㡣
һҹȥڶϣľȵˡ


38 ճ

ϲڴͷŮţȽȽ
ŸĸһƣѪ˿˫ۣľһЦû¡
û¾ͺãû¾ͺá
ЦЦͷŤһԣ΢΢鶯¡
ʢҵһϲ޽߬ľȵһָίı죬㡭
ս̾һСһۣЦˡ
ˣȥ˾Ͳˡ
սһ۶ڴβͷһպģҡҡͷС˵ͷ뿪ˡ
С˼䣬ҩҲ뿪ˡ
ЦҪȥľЩóԵģȴץס½ǣս㡭ġ
ϵһŮͷѹȴҲûսȥˣΪˡ
Ŷľɿ֣Ŵ۾ǼܵķĿն
ƼŮģſ˵ʲôֶסԥһ̾һѱʢȥǷ޵ķ䣬ľȣһ˺úôһ
ϳţֱȥһȥ
ԬƼ̾ʹˣĵ϶ɩǼҿǼŴˣȽƸͷͺ̫̫ô༦òӪ
˵£ôġ
զ˵ˣһѾͷƬҲǽĸǧСƵģ˭ҺӲôġ
˼ҺҹܲţҼҺӾͽԸźӵǧС㣬ǼҺӲòٵʲôģ
Ӵɩǰʵ˵ˣˣɩҵĹǵǧСǼҲȱƵƤʹ󷽵ô༦ǼҷۣһŶѪҲüһ£
˵˰죬仰ص㡣
ԣ̫̫ӴݳԬһڣͷĶԼɣ
ԬһϲЦеĴչȥ˵ģö࣬ͳɣ
Ҹ㡭һͷԣ̫̫ѲһȦԲܹȥһץſڵɨ㣬ͷĳԬϴȥȰԴ򿪻ٸ㼦ӣƤǳĶѪҪҪģզȥ㻹˷ҵļɶСˣС潸Сӡ
ҲԼˣ򡭡Ѫˣ̫̫ҪɱˡԬΧԺӴתֵܵķɿ죬̫̫ں׷ֱ㡭ģƽʱٳԵ㣬ٳԵ㣬ô࣬զ㣡
һءԬϲĻͷ̫̫¡
̫̫һɨȥԬ໽ۡ
̫̫еָɣϵɫһ̧Űѽһ˹ȥ̧̫̫Ľŵװϣ̫̫һҵĽš
ķϸպƼϵС׵Ĺ˻Σ϶һۣüŴЦˡ
ҲӹЦ⣬ϵ˵ͷתݡ
Ǳ̫̫Ҫһĵ߹ȥǽŵװʲôɣơ
죬ݡ
̫̫һһץסԬϵĸ첲Ļݡ
ҵͷɸˣ˵Ĵҵͷ͸ҼԵģҿԼȥü˰ԬŶͷƵһƤϰϵĽš
̫̫ڴ𣬡һҲˡ
ϣûˣ˭˭ˣһٴʲôûšԬϿ˼ɤӣû˴ߺĻݣȴţĸɣǴҵģƾɶֻжܳԣҲ̫ƫˣ
һϵݣɩ
ĵáЦ
ҲЦһҪݸš
ɣˮҼһѲ񡣡
һ֪񣬶Цˡ
˵Ц˼䣬ˮպããԶˣһһһȥݣһ˶
ľȻڿŷϵЦ⽥û߹ȥѼڴͷϣڴϰŮ˳˳ͷ
˵ҪսǲǾͲˣҪˮﵢôʱ䣬սͲᡭ
ȽϴŮĻ̾ⲻĴѾŬھսˣֻǡ컯Ūˡ
ǣΪʲôսôأ
ľȵնȥϣûģսܴġ
ڻţǰǸڸŮӣ̻汾ŮӲӲǣһһ۷Ľ㣬ġûˡ
Ϻۣߣ˼ʣɵӣôΪʲôô࣬ս֪ôãġ
˯һҹЩٳҩ
ľûж
۵ĿŮ԰׵ļ͸ӣḧţֵǳȥѼңĲҪǲܺãѡү϶Ҫûչ˺ˡ
ľȻû
ε̾һǼɬ⺢ĵشƣȴǸִֵģǸˡ
Ҫ˵ʲôľȴͻȻһ͵ĴӴ
ϻһæסôˣôˣǲԿǶۣ
ҩأҳҩ
һ˲Цȥ˼ȰѼˣȥҩ
ľȵͷ
ȥľļͻ䡣

ôˣǰĳΪͷϵûȥѼңկϢľ˾Ѻڻ;ǿľ˾Ϊ˾ȴ类Щǿ֣ͻʱΪҩ̹ŵƣˣžŰʮһ·÷ǹ֣ˡ


39 

ľ˾˲ڣȥ˼˻ԺȴһĪĴУΪǼСү𺣡
ľ϶һλҵ;Уңľһûһ
˾ھһӣȥˡ
ʴӱȴ첻㣬Ϊ޴Ϊ׸֮λ龫ǣöû£ȥˡ
ǰȰȽ˹߻Υ֮Ը⿴Լ㡣ԺҲߡǧСİ
뵽⣬ľһֻ³
ú
ֻҪʱͿҽȥľ˾磬ܱܿǰЩŵЧӦ
ҪȰǲоͺˡ
ͷʼԼ϶ҩǺԥͷ࣬ϿĴסǡ㲻¿𣿡
ľЦŽݸϣͷĿϣͺÿ࣬Сƭң˵һͲģ
ϺЦҡͷûòҪүүţȥǡ
ǹӳһСܰǣľǲǾӹϸɰǣһЩƶС
Ϊҩ¿࣬ԼʲôȱҲȱǡ
ľЦĲϵĻЦͷúϢȴûðƿ԰ǹӷŵһߣŮҡҡ
˾˺ľ˾˻Ƕ˵ںΣա
϶˶٣ŵǰΣա
үôȰȰǣһЩӪá
ľȵͷЦôӪͷʲôҪǮүǴǨģӱǳ
⵹ʵӴͨӻȱһɡ
ľȵ˵ͷϻУۡ
ҩã˯˹ȥ
Ŷĵƣҵѹŷŭպģ㲻֪Ƕȥˣһˣ˭ǰ۵˯žûóԣ㲻ԣȻȫǵѩϣպģ㵽ʲôǻƽնôã㡭
ûУ˯Ժģ˱ǹӳȥ
պĨ۽ǣһ˫ۺģίĿûС
ޱһۣһȰǼǣʲô¶һȥһЩˣ˯ɡ


40 ˭ί


ҵؿں
ҵϳҵҡҡͷҵ۾ˣҲ
˵ĶԣǼǣʲô¶ϲպģĽϣ˵Ķ滰
պĵ΢΢һӯˮ˵Ķģû˵ѡΪʲôңСʲôﶼǴģʲôǶԵģء
̾һʧ
εü첻֪˵ʲô
Ƣã´᲻ϣҵָպģأʲô¶ƣСٰ㵣㰤ô˼˵ֻأûϴԸɴ಻Ҫ𣿡
պίޣֻ㣬ҲҵˣǶ۸ҡ
ҵ
һĵҵͷϣô˵أ
˵ľ䲻ԣҵҲίš
㡭
ˣƣͷĽ˵ľģҵ˵ˣĽãô˵˵
˰֣µΪֹ˭ˣȥ˯ɡ
ҵһƨڴϣ
ĽҭҭĻߣ۾ľȣһͣ׷ɿӹһĨͷߺޣ㣬ûеǡ
ľȾĿûг
˽ľȵĶͷȷûգϵıʱһɣбЦ⣬ôûɿһЩ
Ҷ档ľЦеĲȥ
Цŵ˵Ķͷǵţȥ
Ц̽ͷ棬׼Ե־ֺóԡ
һۣӹʲô˲ʡĵպһۣһǰһ˷䡣
޽˹סľȵ֣Цĵ㣬ˡ
㡭ҵۣ߽
ʢպһۣһ仰û˵
ľ޽֣ʢЦЦҵļ򣬡ǼҵôˣӺɷģôˣ
ҵͻȻԼίˣſͿ
޽һͷſ޵ĺɵĸ磬һãȻ
ľȴЦˣڴͷӰҵᣬš
պĵˣ׺պޡ
ʢƼص̾һ

ҿˡ
ڵҹĿ¡ľͻȻ˵ôһ䡣
βҪ˯ŵպģһ飬û˯š


41 ɨ

ľȽʵʵ˼ˣСҹǰһСջʱЦŵ㰾һ٣úýţǧ¹ηͷ۵Ĳ
һۣǻϲͷ
һ˶ܿģԣڶռɨָ̫̫˶ɨĻƣһ仰ûӣȫЦеӦš
̫̫ŵĹǺɵȵ̽Ŷ˵˼䣬ϻǸЦģʱ̫̫ĵӾʹˣѼļȦȦϣѴӵĴɨҲָϣֱ׳ǻæһ죬͸úˣôɨӡҲţͰǴɨһӰɡǽǴ깷ǵöúôɨһ£ϴࡣСݣûסˣҲúôɨɨϸ
ҦƱүȦڼᣬǰԼȥϣӻ˵Ҫڴס죬Сҹٻȥү̫̫Ůܲס̫̫ȴһҲûϡ
ԸƣһӶæ̫̫һͷݣѳŵ򿪣ŵļ⡢ΡµСóĽˮԶֲĸɸɾģְЩһһŽȥʱ۶ŹӿĽһۣʲô֪ǶĶҲǵȣ
ĽƲƲ죬Ťͷˡ
̫̫һһ䣬һӻˮĶޡ
̫̫ʰ񣬾˴ɨŸ첲ݡ
ԬɨԺӣʼ֣ôԺӣһɨ֪۸ʵ
͵͵һۣƲƲֹһ䣬ôĲ԰ӣһأ۸ʵ
ȥɨȦҿ˿ſŴײ˾ʹ˹ȥɩ˵Ҳǵģôһ˴ɨôطȦͼȦĶû½š
û
͵͵˸۶ֵɩòڼǺùӴڱǶɣϡҪ˵ɩֱ̫ڿˣҲö֣ⱻ̫̫ϣԺеܡɩǶϵһֱ׽ﲻǼҶǺϰɣ
ȻԼüͷǲ̧ɩҸ˵أôҲ֨һ
ҪҴɨȦͼȦ𣿡̧ɨһۣ
һ㶣Ŵ죬ҡ⻹һ԰ӵĲûأпհɩɨɩǲǻڼ˵Ļɶ˶ˣƢֱ˵ЩʵΪ˶ɩǺáҪ˵Ů˼޼漦޹湷ˣ˾ǵ죬ɩ̫ǿˣҪãϲŮˡ
ҵľȳ͸Щ߰˸ҵ࣬ľ֣յߵ˵˼仰ҵ۾һСϾ¶Цݡ
ɿľȣ첽߹ȥϼץеɨ㣬ɨȦͼȦȥæġ
˵꣬ϻش𣬾ȦɨϵӣԶһ㣬ҪǲСİʺʺ䵽ϣҪһˡ
ԣ̽ȥתһڣûƼľȴüͷһ塣
мӣųҲͰˣƫϲ԰侮ʯǺǺǣ˵鹢ֱ˵˾Ǵ壬Ů˾ӦöԷΪ죬򲻻ڣ
ǲһ˲һš


42 󷿻

ҵüЦ˶һۣתվſڵľȣͬİ֣Ƚ󣬿ȥСĴ˷硣
ľӦһݡ
ʢƻûóףҲ磬ˮľȷֹɨǶӡ
үӱԺתһȦûţϻο̾һԺӡ
ҵܽʢľȱţү϶ǵͷȴȥˣ죬ÿ궼ҪȵڣǲŻҲ֪үͼɶ
ľȵһЦ
үͼʲô
Ȼͼ󷿻ʱЩ˵ķл˵һöӣгϢʮ˴һָԺˡ
ǰүⰮӵĲ֢δת
㣬Сëͷ˵źǸүϴˣ˵ҪȢŶء
ľ²͵ƵĶһ٣ͻȻǰʱСҹһȤ¡
˵Ȥ벻̫̫
ռҴٵϱֶ̫̫Ů׵ġ
ۻ˵ϸҰ﹤ʱ̫̫ϣ¸С㵱ٸմ⣬Ѱ˸ƣʮ쵽һ֮µĶƹĵλ
ҶͷŴ󷿵һŮҲܳԵĿ
̫̫̫үķͶ÷󷿵ŮҲ̫̫ĵͷˣ
˭֪һˣ˻
̫̫ǧ˾ƣѾմĵźѾͷ˯ˡ
ĵǺһԺӶˡ
Ϲڵͷˣ̫̫ԼŮ
̫̫Ӷˣȴõ̫үֻЦŽ˵翴ռҴǸģ׼̧ġ
̹ҧһʣ˵ĵ裬ʵݡ
һ÷磬澡ʧ
Ϻܿ˹䣬С飬̫̫Ҳûɿڣֱϸϳ˺լŵ˸ŵġ
ĶƹȻûеʵȨȴۿۣЩ߲ȵ͡۸ûٸ°ӡ
ǳһӿ
ûǴĻӦСҹǰ죬ĵϲҵһ̫̫Է˻Լź˶һ˸ĵչӣ˼ʵصȥźһһҪģ
̫̫÷̫̫ӣּŮߣֻðµ˻ȻҲϢһʱ䣬ͽ޶˵Ķյ
ĵǵĴŻѰ˺ü̵Ļ
ı˼ĵȴͷѾȥѹֱֵҵеɫѾ߶Σ
Щ£ռҴ󷿶ռˡ
ֱСҹĵŻңĵĴѾߣҡУһʮկ˶֪ռҳ˸檵Ů
үӵˡ
үǳı˹ۿĻһţȴٶˣȻ󡭡
ľȸ뵽⣬˺մƹˡռҴ˵
ţһĽŲŴۡ
ҵθԹԣϴȻѹŮ͸˵檣֪˻
ѽôһ˵뿴ƽʱ߸ϵɶ
߿ߣȥ֡
ҵϲĻ̶סͿľʢľ̯̯֣ʢգգۡ
ҵҰҰ죬°ζüЦ£кϷˡ
ľס
ֹϷֱһϷ̨ͣ֡
ռңԬһȳ˳ȥܱߺɩðѺúõĹŮ͸˵̣
ϸں棬Ҳߵķɿ죬ֹһ䣬˼ҵ檣ԴģҲͦõġ
϶һۣĿжǲ죬˭Ҳû֨תͷԼæš
̫̫ϰϵУСŴֶϵܣܳſڣֵͷ˻
һͣռſڡ
³ʣѾ³ǵˣСҷ³
ֻһֻ۵ִѾߵϣ¶һë߶Ķ񣬶²һŽ޷۵İƴӣüӣһ˫ˮ·˵һ㣬˿žϧ
Χ˿ɵۣ˹˵ʿˮ⡭ǴŮ𣿲ʮϴμǸСѾͷôô檾ͳˣ
ҲСֹȻǾµСǶеķɧ
ԬϿֱۣԬϣһͷöӰ
ϣ󷿷ˡ
һϣһǰһռҳʮռҴ󷿵ĶŮܽҲ˳
ܽȹھ˹һƨɼĵѾߣ߬ĵĸ첲㣬ҷ㡣
˷³СѾͷ³
ĵ̽һͷͷĽΣϸĵһҲһë߶Ķ
Ҧƻ˭
ĵüͷ壬Сʹ˸ɫС۹һ˵ͷתȥҦƣչùãСĽ¡
ȥȴҦƵְʱԱ߱˱ܣҦƾһһͷ
СҰѽһչùãҵô׼ץû¶ɣ
ҦƴӵĴϵҵ·
ĵƲƲ죬ܽؽԺӡ
϶һۣҲŽԺӣһַԸĳѾߣ˾İϵһߣվš
үű˴ӵԶԶ߹ſڵ̣˻ĽЦһһס
󷿸ˣ
үӿ첽˼ңԸŽԬϺϣŹϣ
үӱһݣ̧ۿЦվ̫̫ǰĴ٣һŭӿǰ̧žȥ
ϾһʶԱ߶㣬үƲȥֱֱڵϣ¸һƣһ˸׼һ涯
ڵ˶סˡ


43 Ϸ̨


үӷһҽУ۵ɫɷףͷĺˮƵ䡣
̫̫ŵĴڵĵ˹ȥͷӣզˡ
һȥүӣȴûע±˵סȥ·ݺݰһţֵӳүֱֱ˹ȥ
̫̫໽űסүӵ˵ѹүӵϰ
ڳ̫̫ļУһƬţš
ȻһĴ˶Уţү﷢һҾ徵Ľ

漴үӵͷһᣬˡ
̫̫ļƱס˺Ȼֹ
˶㶵Ŀŷ޶ˣһʱûӦô̵ʱھʲô

͵͵һѣæ״˵ϣôˣû°ɣ
û£û£쿴̫̫һץס٣Ȼ쿴զˣղŽеĺˡ
ιȥˣȰϴ򡣡ü
̫̫һ´үȥקүӣקûקүӵѹѹһ׼ˡ
˿һȸۡ
ٸŰæ۳һͷҲûܰүקյĻͷܵܵϱǼأû𻹲֪֣ﻹû۵ˣ
ԬϷ˸ۣƲһǿûи׬ӲýʲݣǼҵ˲ʮóȥһƣӿɳԲϷġ
վԬųųϵͷһŵӳŶˣﻹҪ
϶һۣĬûг
ٱ˵ɫʱͲÿˣûκΣֻýԼĴʢæ˺үŪ˴ֽ˸ϳСȥͷС
С弱ææϹүʵľüͷϸߣһЦĺࡣ
ٺ壬ƣҵ˺һˣʲô¶ɣ
ôˣ˵᲻£Сûİһۣߵ֪Т˳㲻
ɫһ뷢һ̧ͷСЦЦ塣
Сɨһۣͷүӵƣ꣬ʮѿȽ˵ĺأҪԴǶͷλˣʹҲô²˴
⡭ô˵ģôôأٶͷð亹׵⻹µүԳأ׵ˣ¶˭ȥ
մƹТӣûһʱͰԼ׵ڳ
壬뷨ӣҵôˣڴ϶˵ҵôҪһˣԺ˯ڴϣҪѹ֪ˣù㡭
ң
СٺЦʲôҺģǰǴ󷿹ָǧ˰ٱ飬ҲûһͭĹϵһӣҩҩǮһŲˣ
Сǰ˻Ρ
һЩûؿڣܣƫֲǰͷôֻҧӡ
ŵģզȥ̫̫һԽһҪС壬һȣ
˵ʱʱ죬ֶƵӵԼǿĴӴϵһͷײٵؿڣײסŵˣϼ״ɫһ䣬ܹȥַסɷȴû뵽ԼҲ

վıؾ;Уۼ˳Լҹŵֻ֪е㶼ˡ
Ȼ󡭡
һ˿һڵ޺Ƶˤſڡ
һͷѪҽ
һ
ĵŽţϼˣŸʲôҵ
ӴֶŮָʹӣԬһĨһ죬ǿɲҵūţָģɩɩɩ˵Ķ԰ɣ
ӵ̧ͷĵһۣȻû·ɿŲԬ
϶վԭأûж
дˤȥģ˵ȥһӵЦҲܱЩ฾ĭ
ǿôɵ
ĵüУˣأȥˣСң֡
С͵ȥ֣еµʵ֣ǲȥû𣿡
ü۶û˵̫̫ǰҲ
СһܷģɫԻİο£һҾ˵ûﻹΪҡ
СЦݣлл֡
ЦЦԶһ
ϢԶռԺӡ
ĵ˰죬ûеˣؿָۣʢҵľȵҵ


44 һ̨һ̨

ʢҵһۣɫ΢ֵûȴĬǰһľ
ҵǰֻ֧첲Ŀĵ㣬˻ûá
ĵɨֵľȣͷϹȻһȦɴûһڣ첲ûϣȥҵҴĶǵ𣿡
⻰ɶ˼ֲײģΪɶҪΣҵü
αӣĵĸ󷶱ˣüԣָЩҵŶϣͷôϻ㣡
㡭
ҵҪ˵ʲôľͱһ󣬲ɶסͷתͷȥľȣ㡭
Դۡ
ľȴͷ͵͵ҵ˸
ҵһ㶣Ӧæȥľȣ磬ͷۣǿ
ʢɫ䣬ɫ䣬һѽľȱܣܱ߶ҵʢСǶ
ֵӦţʢҵһһСܣСЦеŽţͷϵ޺մƹģС϶һӡ
ĵ
ЩСˣ
ϰĽУĵҶۣˡ
ĵ֣ûǰ
˻Լӵģֻǡ
һźÿĴеҲι̵ĻεţͷǱ
ϺһЩûȴСŤ˽ף۵亹ֱ
еٳųһʲô¶ûС

ŭĵһЦģŮ᲻˺һŲʹһŮĸ첲֣úõĸ˵ԼԴۣǲǣ
ľȽͷϻУȥ
ϱûƢΪЦˣﵱͷ˲ɡ
ľͷüۼЦӯӯһ˫峺ĺ·һȪӳ⻪ҫ۵Ʋߡ
ϵĿһ˲ֱˣĸŮüۣ˫ʪ⣬̲סǻ﷢һ̾
ɵӣ֪ҺܵΪѣԸҺܵΪѣҲԸ⿴ˣ𣿡
ľȵĿһĵ˵ͷ
ЦЦŮ§뻳ġ
ľȹ˳ϵĻУȴԾĻطϸղſܾʲôطԾ
С廹ǰľȺСӵͷ˻ָĺܺãȥа¾ܳˡ
ľ۾һүү𣿡
Сһбһۣ˼ǣ
ľȿҳ˽޽־˯ܽ˼ǣġ
СЦЦ
ľۣǺǸЦ
ϿĺЦ壬ҩ𣿡
еУֻѾͷ˵ĵطͷȻߵĺáѾͷ˵أ
ľĥĥ˳ǣһЦүүģԺһú˯ʱ
⺢ӡҡͷЦ
С¶Ц⣬ۺ롣
棬̫̫ˣȥˣϽɨۿҪϲϼˣˣҹӡ
üʰȦͼȦʹԼԷٳȥ
˵գȥݡ
СʩʩȻĸȥҪӡ
ԼϱͱӵˣЦСҩึһӣ˹ͷһСƿ֪ʲôĸӲ̡
СЦ̫̫˵Ŀˡ
һһ͵ĽۣʹˣҵģɵվǸɶأϽǴĶʰǷȥУֳʪģϽȥ˸裬ǴϺõ˪̿㵷һȥȥʪĺܣϸ㣡һģҲⲻûУ
ϰųĿϣ뷴ȴֲҵţ촽䶯ţһ󡭡ɩҡҡ
ʲôȥȥôϻɫһ
ŵһ£תͷȥնͷϣÿȥıӰ
ɻҵȥɩ
ͷҲûء
ϵţɫȻɷף֪ˣɩ϶
ǡ
ίᣬʶɩҪһǶôӣһôˣ
ɩҲûô
ôôС
ѹԼ˵ӦôŶɩ


45 ̨̨ת

ίֺ£ֲڵ־ްı߽ĳȥָͷķ˻ڡ
Ͽ⸱ģƲƲ죬ȥź㰡
ҡȥƵ˳ȥ
һڡ
ĵһƨϣųŶͷڵĺˮüƵҶҵˣʲô
ɵѾͷЦңĵһ£Ͳ˰ɣĵء
ʲôģҾ֪⼸첻ԺȺɧ겻ôүأ˵ţ˦ĸˣ̱ͿҲ˳۶Ҫ˵үĴϣͷô죿
վĵԶܽ۾һչȥ㣬үˣҲܰڿ̫̫̫̫ʹүǰĵһˡ
Цŵͷ˵ⷨӵҲź˴үѡĵģѸԼˣԺСүҵĵλŻȵ
ĵüſܾϺĻ˳˼
ܽ˷ܵĿĵһ˫۾ֱֱû¡Сϡ
˵˼䣬ĵĲɣҲЪ˼ϣָʹܵæһˮ裬һ̿ȡůһȰĦ
ֱڵһίĿϿޡ
ֻû
ȼɨɾ̫̫СĴݳˣվԺ乤ϴҵ϶ҵϴˣҵջļҵιҵι
˵꣬Ԭһۣ͵ҵļҲ˺죡
ԬƲƲ죬ôТ˳Ķϱզ͵Լ
̫̫˾䲻Ҫתȥݡ
һЦһȥ˺ԺĲ԰ӣһ̫̫ȥ׼ʳ
Ͽɫѿϣй׷һɿܽݡ
ĺݺϵıӰۣޣ϶
Ŷˣզȥܽɫ
ĵЦΪɶǴôණˡ㲻ǰƥĳûùȥ̫̫͵ˣЩɫֵ˼Ǯӣʲôĸ
ЦҹŮؽȥ˵Ƕȥһˣ˵
ܽƲͷҲȥ۵Ļš
ϵۣǸܽػӸˡ
ܽ¶ϲЦݣȥ
ЦѾͷ
ĵƲƲ졣
̫̫ƼЩ̾Цݡ
ĸϵŴվЦĺĽ֪ϲӣֵ̫̫ģϲϲЩӣġ
㻹мТġ̫̫۾;ˣӻûãúϢɣ
ϹɵĴͷǣлл¶ϱ
̫̫Ŷˣ̧ͷ̫̫Ӱ죬̧סǵķ̡
ϻصݣ̫̫ԬϣٷզˣǲռҵĶϱһŵĻʹˡ
Ԭһϣһܵߣɩ˵ɩӲ֪ģĹҪǲĳԷʱԽһʭһűʺɶģǲһٷģ£˭ᡭ
һġ
̧̫̫־ͳԬϵĸ첲ȥԬϻܵԺﰡιУ治Уɩóԣöɩɣ
ֱ̫̫ţɿԬϻκβãֻ÷תͷϵ϶ҵģƽʱڵĹأбһͲܷ̫ࡣ
εͷ
֪ǻ䵽ͷϡ
˷£ȥˢһߺԵȥϴˣû
ɨһۣӣȴżֺŭϣҲȥջûϴˡ
µĶһ١
ſھͽУûϴˣ㰲Ÿϴ˵
̫̫ҵĲҵģ㲻ǸɩͲϴˣһȺʡĵ
۾ˣɩ㡭զǰǰġ
ϴͷæˢûһۡ
ι϶ˮߣһίĨᣬһϴˣﻹֹ߶ţզôݣ̫̫㣬ҶûȽͷ˵ƤĻôӡҪҲûҵ㣬ԺɲˣҲǸɵġ
Ŀһۣߵߣɩû°ɣ
ҡҡͷ΢Ŀϣûյȶȡ
һ̾
ģûôġ


46 Сҹ1

ϣǷҪѶһϧĥŸġ
ҡͷû˵ЦЦɩջҼӶϲԶɩķˣҸ͵ѧһ֣⼸СҲĽĽҡ
֪ϵĺ⣬ĮЦüۣʲôѵģûʲôˣһӰԵĲˣע⿴űգۡ
ӶЦɫ֮ն˼ǡ
Сʲôˣ˿û˼ֱί˭۸
۸ʵ
ۻţϴãءһŵв˵İϣĨһᣬͷίȻҪջ𿴡ˣҾȻȥˣҡӲ
˵꣬ű˳ȥ
϶һۣж
һҲ֪˭ЦˣһҲЦˡ
˭ҲûϣֽʰϴõĲˣֽõó˼Ƭ
ȻһߵͱС⣬һ˵⳴̦Ļ򣬡ʵܼ򵥵һˣǼ⣬Ժǲϲ԰ա
Ц˵꣬뵽ʲô̾һĸһ̾
Ǯͷ̫̫Сӣǵӣ˵ҪŹѧ飬⣬һһӣСǡʵڳԲ
ķҪѧÑѱīֽҪӸˮһǷһҲһθĿοǻŮԺ޼ױҲһʴ
ʢϲ䲻ϲģү򣬵ҵͷԴʵڿϧʮˣٲѧҪˡ򣬶ŮԺĸ
һۣЦҡͷ
ɩȽ˺Щô˵
˳ĬһȴƼž
ϾŻЦһöˣ˵úٰ¾ܳˡ
ϸЦǾͺã⺢ǸиģţԽˡ
ûбİãϲ˿ĺӣһϿȽϵЦݾŨ˼֣ϻҲˣɲǣԽԽ£㲻֪ȽұҽףǹɶµģҵĶһ̲ˡǰСƢͻ˭Ȱڹ龫ֵľһꡭ
˵£ȴЦ˺ü
ҲĽңǼٽ֪֪ͩȵĺúӣǻмθ꿼ͯţҲүĵˣøںͷء
ϣɩɱˣƤĺܡеĲϲ˿ԼĶŮģϵЦŨҵĲƽʱأЩ⣬θǰЩȥϸθʦ˵θϣͯԵġ
һβסɡ
²ͣ¹Ĳˣһ̧ȥϣϲģ˵ʲôţǼθԺҲүˣĵÿ˲𡣡
ЦҵѧĴҲɩһž˻
Ǿͳļˣ
Ц
˵ر׽ĹϵͻȻһ˲˲ٵľ롣
Ц˵ŸԵĶŮȴһ󼦷ɹ
һкӴݷɱһ·ܽء
񷢣ҪؤӣҵļȣҲȣ㻹ܣҵļȻң
кһ±飬ŤͷƦƦЦҪ
һܵԺſڣͷܽصһȦȣʹóˮļȣٺ٣㣬㻹Ҫ
㡭
ܽضĵģһֱ־ңΪһȣƲʮկЩýãǸɾģ񷢵Ʀåģĵļ³
㻹ܲˣҪ˸ˣ
ԬʩʩȻܽزָԼƲƲһնСզˣ
ܽضţָŻżȵ񷢴ҵļȣѼȻң
һģڼôˣС֪ĻΪءԬƮƮİ˰֡
ܽĴ𣬡ƾɶҵļȣҵģ
ܽպ޵ĵԬһۣ˹ȥһȺݺݵˤڵϣ廨ЬͲȥҼҵļȣҾιι̣Ҳԣޣ
񷢼ȱ໽ţһѽܽƵڵϣȴѱȵĲӣܳˣܽ˼ţҪߣԬһס
벻Լˣ
񷢺һ
ԬϴյӶߵ˼䣬۾һƿԬϾͳ˹ȥ
̣ҪԼȣ˼Ȼԡ


47 Сҹ2

ԬϱƵһģϰϽſסӡ
ܽؿŴӵԬһĭԼȣŶûУ
˵꣬ȹӷɱ˴󷿡
ԬһԶʳ
̫̫֪ϲźóԵĲóТɫѿȥ˴󷿣ıӲǱ۾۾
ɫ࣬ȴòЦⲻǸʰŰЩʳ͹ȥˣɾͳ˸˳ȥǡԩš
̫̫ɫԻѰһȦĸŮΧĴϷһ費ð̵̿ʱջ͵ɫȥ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥ¿һæ̿Ǽҽĵ׼ģ治ǶϱТ
Ĵء̫̫䲻ȵ˵˾䡣
ĵüͷܽأȥֹûж̿һЩȥү̣Щ˵ҲТ˳
̫̫ĵһۣû˵ʲôԬϾЦ߽ãƣǳϢˣҵţǮ˼ͷͰڳˡ
ĵۿȥԬνĶԿȥ
ԼȱľǮټȾټȣԶپͳԶ١˵ţŤͷܽһָۣɣСӣһȣԶٽ㲻ܸ㣬ûóԵؤһ
ܽίĺۣ㡭
ѽһؤԬΨ²ҵɿ
̫̫ȻҲĵеָɫѿϣüĵСˣҵС̣㻹벻úڼҹˣôҵ˿أҪǿʲô˾û˳Ժ㻹ǿȥһ̰ɡ
񷢴ԬϱſˮУ̣ǰѼȲˣҸղſö༦ȣụ̂һ㶼Т˳
ĵľӣЩ̲סһĹȥɵϵĻգҲòЦ˵ģǾһ˵ǿϵްĲ̣ܿɱ룬ŮûǸ˼ŮҪǸТ˳ģܼǼ̫̫ǰôôˣ̫̫˵ʮһȥʱүһȥϿأ̣һҪȥٻʱͷԸ˰ɨסĵطȥ֡
ĵһӵ̫̫뵱꣬ҲǮ˼ҵģȻֻǸɨĴʹѾͷҲǼʶǮ˼ҵųģҪǡǵ¶˵Ҳܡ
̫̫Щʵ̾ɫǺ࣬үߵĿ
ȥţԬ۾ĴչȥͽֺõĳĵЦţ㿴ԺӶ׼ˣ̲ȥ˷ѣҪҴֵȥҲֵ֪֪ܳˡ
̫̫һĵԬϣȥȥȥȥȥɣȥɩȥ

ԬϻҪ˵̫̫ţن£㣡
Ԭס죬ߺˤˤ˳ȥ
ץ̫̫ްߣ¼ӡӣ̫̫еĿҲȥ㻳źӣ㡣
̣ҪԼȣ顣
ԳԳԣ֪ԣõĲѧƫѧó̫̫û˼䣬ϽȥһʱԸ
һϲ˳ȥŶŶмȳඡ
ĵü֣ؽЩʳóȥݸˡ
ܽز鲻Ըֽȥݡ
˭֪Ϊʳһ


48 Сҹ(3)

콫ڣ
һؼҵ巿飬һִήϢû˯ѵģ
ԬĳȥĶУ壬㲻˵ȥϰ﹤ȥ﹤ǲȥĸ˹ˣ˵
֣鱻İһ̧һĵԬϵ֣ԼķĶ䣬ԬϣȥĶʲô¶ֱҺõĶȥһ쵽óģҹӡ
˵߷ɿԼݡ
ԬŽȥ󳳴
ڶŵӵո۰Ͱ͵Ľӻݣˮźϴ֣ίָԼ˿˵仰˭֪ûһۣʰһ¾ȥݡһҧӣޡ
ķһԺӣԺĶһۣԺӸԻԼݣүȽ£̳һݡ
үڶݵĴϣͬĿ⣬ƫǸʶģǿѿסڵʣôȽզ£˵
˵˵˵˵˵
үֱ̲ס
˵ԼΪϴûţԼһƨȣ˵סѹ۵Լǣ
˵ȥҪҪˣ
ûĶһֱһֱʣʸʡ
үӿҪŭ˿ȣ磬õúϢһ
üͬĿһۣҪ˵ʲôҲһ˿ڣúϢʲô㺰ǡ
үӰ˰֡
ֵһ˶ݡ
˦Ÿ첲磬ģǸɶû˵զŵģҪҪǰɶ
ֵܳݣӭһ֮ɫϴ٣ɿٵͷ硣
һüмĳݵӳһۣû˵ʲôɣ
һۣҡҡͷ
һ¶һЦݣæһ죬ˣȥЪϢһϾͿˡ
ֵһǰһݣҡͷЦⶼʲô¶

űڡ
СӵĻа˰С
巿־ҪȥץеļȣҦһȥûصĶûӣȻצȳԣ
۵İһҦƵ˵ҳԸģ̣СòҳԼȡ
ԳԳԣզ㣡ҦƺһƳԬһۣɩô̷ģôˣۿ˵׵ˣ֪֪ߵģ
С˵ģǳһզ߲ߵĳϹϵˣԬϲĻ֣һ˫۾εĶһӼȣֱʿˮ
Թԣôһӣ߰˸ȣһһԣþûˡ
ҦƲƲ죬৵һԼǰȶԼȻĵĵüҦȴû
ܽһ̫̫һһһȦЦŷŵɩĽˣԸȲһ
ҵô꣬ʲôóԵûô濴ϣϹ鿴ϣԼҴĶȴԸЩֶֶŮմ⡣
£Ը߰ɨһȦȻĮӵĶķаһ˾װߡٿ۲ѵĿԬһ޲ģвƽЩЦҦƵСôõĳҲ֪˭иȢؼҡ
Ҧɫ΢΢һ죬ŤŤԴ׳ɩᡭ
ϵǳ˳顣
ҪԼȣҪԼȣս
ܸܵվűźȡȡ
Ԭһת𣬡ɩСãɶ˼ӶżǶѼȳˣɶɩռҶС㣬ƽɶóԵĳԲصﻹȳԣܲҪ
Ԭ˵ţԲǰһ̽־Ͱĵǰ˹һһץĿĵһЦֶŮͿ㼸ܵܣڼɶԲһȳ¡
ԬϵӶչȥУҼȣҪԡ
Ҫȣ
ҵģ㡭֪ԬǸûûƤģȴû뵽Ȼҵһ˵涯ָǲҪǡ
ĵĵ£üͷĿűԬϵ룬⻹ôԣˣˣһȥѰĸóӣ⼸˵
ܽţһڣĵ㣬ƣûԵƵģһؤ࡭
ܽظ˵⣬䲻ɨһ㶢мȵ񷢣ȻһδüӦǳСӾ˹
һͼԼͬǸȣȫҦƵͷϡ


49 ȴս

ҦƼһŽŰͷϵĵˣȻˮˮһͷϵ·Ȼûѡ
˲һ
ֵܻ࿴һȦ˭ûп
պŴʹĿﻮһЦ
ľɨһۣպæֱӣľһЦ
ľջĿ⣬պȻЦµȴް½ǣķ
巿ļӹЦС¡ӵȥڵϵļȾһ߳ԣһ̧ͷĵܽɵɵЦӵ»ɫŨı顣
ܽءһӵվһ߹ȥɵӣ˰
ܽĵһӣͷվĵͷˣҲȥŵɫ䣬ŶɫŤĴУҵĺӡҵĺӡҵĺӡ
͵֣䲻ŮһоĻ궼ɵ⡣ٿŮҪˤڵϣŵɫһףӡȫˡȫ벻ȥһѡ
֪أٲϲһң޹ģɿǰһѣĵڵ֮ǰǱס˺ӡ
ĵѵϻ׵Ĳӣڴ¡
⡭վȽŸķû⣬˵ٻûˣЩ˻ðˣ
û°ɣɿ֣ĵ£ĵȴǰ·֣һ˫ƯӺݺݵĵɹȥ
ܽģɫ԰ףȻҲ֪Լղ£ĵźĿ⿴۵һͿˣ󡭡㣬Ҳǹģء
ϴӳľлҪڵϣҪ̱ȥ˼û촽ĸүҺû¡Һû£Ҫʲô£Ժû·ˡ
˵ţһקܽأžž󱳴򣬡ʡĵĶ㲻֪㻳ź𣿻ʱôģǧչ˺㣬㿴㶼ɵʲô¶Ժ벻ˣ벻ԺóԵĴÿ·ˡ
ءҲǹġܽزҶ㣬޵ĺǿ㡭Բҡۡ
ãһѵһͨҴ򣬼Ů޵ĿҲмۣСĿ۴Ůؽ֪ˣҲǹģ㿴СүҲû£ǲǾˡ
ʲôǹģСүҲû¾ˣĵͺ𣬡СүûǶȵģܽаͭĹϵ𣿺Ǻǣǹġһ䲻ǹľˣһˣҿ̫̫ǲ֪ҿǹģΪûүģ͸˺һ޲ȥҧһڣ
ܽίĴޣûУԩҡ
ûԼĵЦһӸµбϣ˵ҪҵģǾһŮҲգ׼ҵĺڵĶŮλɣ
⺢ӣôᡭ
죬û˵ʲôĵѾһɿϻݡ
ϵĻλ
̫̫վǶҺģ֣Ҳʲôӣү֪˶඼ЩĹεĶǲǣҵĹܺӣٸһҶҹǷúôţķˣ
ԬƲƲ죬ͷһƤͷ½ϲ˲һһӣӵµɵקãЦеĵӼƽϸɶǲ̫ûȻ⣬һ׼
̫̫Ԭһڣұɡ
ԬҲգɵӵͷſӵȿٺ٣ԵˣҲٲһͷ
ҦƿŽֱ̫̫ϣûļȣȻô£ĸۣȴòЦˣʱСһ·͸СõģСȥ￴òÿ
Ҧƶʱͣס˿ޣģ
ɩʲôʱƭ㣿۵ĳЦ
ҦĨ˰ᣬЦˣִɩˣɩҺء
̫̫ɫ˻аһšϴЦҦȥ·
һҦƱ·̫̫ױ̫̫ϵЦݣԸɡ
䣬ԬϵĿӾ쵽Ψһһ⳴̦ϣļ˼⵽Լ̫̫Ǽûˣ
һղⶼûˡԬϽģ˵š
ľ̲סЦֻˣܱô˵ôôôô
һ㣬ʵһֱĽ
̫̫ϴ̣ͻȻһͨһ˷׷ݵķȥ


50 ү̯ϴ¶


ﴫѹֵʹ˻ɫ΢΢һ䣬˲뵽ĳֿܡûаԥվ
ķüͷվ
ڵĴѵһײϣ̶صһզˣǲǵˣ
˵գ̧žܡ
巿˼ڿӣҰҰ죬Цĵŵģˣ»᲻ˣ磬˵ǲǣ
İɡ
ٵɫѿüһ䣬ĵϽģȥǲǵ
Ļû˵꣬ӶͻȻĴ硢硢ġ壬ǿˤˡ
ֵܻһۣɫ䣬ݱȥ̫̫ų˹ȥҲɫ׷׶˿ӣ˹ȥ
һϵƿһǣʺˡɶң
ĵӣסһڱݵ˵·
ȿȡǡ
ֹס˽ŲŤͷСߡ
Ԭ̽ͷ̽ԵתӣСֹɩ˵ˣ
˵ţԼ̲סЦ˳
ϴͷ۾˵˷ܣҡҲġ
Ȼզִܶˣ
϶ǱƤӣö˲Ŷ֡
ԬϾ͸¸µЦ
ӿЦɫЩⶼЩʲô¶
ľŴ˼ĿűסߵӣӹһĨ
ǰүֻȽû˵ҲСҹ˼ûӦӵ׼Լ´һͷԵϣŤ̫̫֪һƫүӵȺͺֻҪٵǮ̫̫᲻ӣǶϡ
ǻΪСôһסÿȴողˣΪͷ˾ŹȣҹҹҪŲ˯ʹ硢СΪչǣ˸ɣ
̫̫ڱóһǮҧ̫̫֣˵ҪˣҪ֣Ÿ̫̫ǰ̫̫һӴͷϣѪ˳ŶͷǣС棬үӾûƤ̫̫ӵ˼
Ǹ꣬һյáжɹһûһٵİ˵õĸǶҵӱ̫̫˴󷿣˳պĹƻͷ۲ȥѼңʱʱϵĲӣŶկȴ룬ģʹľ˾˵ַ˵Ϣ
ﵱʱ˹ȥ
ٺľ˾˽ҵľ˾һҲϣٵѼĲ
뵽ľȵĿھ̲סһһĳۡ
ӣĽëͶһƬӰסβסĺ⣬Ŷ̫̫һһĩհĿ޽УĵĪĿ⣡
ƣ컹ǹġ
ʲô˸ʲôıӦʵעˣ
ļ̌ͷɨԵպһۣպüŸ˵巿¡Ĳһĺӡ
ľȵĿ⣬պһӲĳһЦί͵㣬ҵĲˡ
ľȵһЦҿˣӮˡ
ģһպУҹã
ʱػűף
պĵ˻Σյľȸǰϴżֺֿã㣬㻹ҵҡ
ӹ
үĺѿ־˲ûպĵ
ͷӣҰ㵽զˣզͲ֪ˣǲǲзˡ̫̫ޣϸָ߿
ȥС壡
ȥ˭ȥӴ˭ȣ
Ҫ
Ӻúõġ


51 ˶

үҪ˻ŲüȥС壬һȺһȦʺɫѿĵպ޵ļҪ߷߶
˳˳ˮʮ꣬ô
ǵһӵ˵ϣ
ԺڶӡϱһŮǰ
ǻȥŵϲĽЦʮկ˶֪˸
һȺТĶ
ӹԶԶģ˭̤ԺӣԺͱٻ
үŴȸʹ̧ĨһѶͷĺȥվһԣһҪ˵ģ̫̫ȥˮҾ
̫̫ӦӺҲһϵᣬƿ˳ȥ
Ԭ̽ͷ̽ԵĴ̫̫ƿӵĿյ˶ݣɫʱŹ򴽣͵һۣĿбӵĶţüͷһ壬һĴյԬߣʵ塢ãզ£
ԬϺٺЦͷİʺˡ

ãȻ̧ͷ۶ݣҵ˵ɶɶ˼үĴСʧˣ
⡭զôЦأ
ϵ۾ģЦ⡣
ԬŶЦ

Цˡ
һүǶé޲𣿶˻ܣǡá
ԬֻЦֿ죬θҲˣһɿʣµҧһڣְʣµĲ˺ͲеԼϸǰܲƤЦеֶ˹ɩɩǻԲԣԸҳ԰ɣһûԱ
ϿһϣüϻһЦ
Ƽǣ˵ɶʱôҪˣǰǶզ˵𣿡
ϵɨһۣûд
ȴЦŽ˻ɩǰɩͦҪõôɩɩǾҸɩ׽Դ˰ɣҿɲܣöɩã𹻣ɲˡ
Щһίĺ۾ͷֹǡ۸ʵ˵ҲġΪɶҡ
ϺЦ͸һɶϻһҺˡգüĺϲ졣
պҧŴָ½ǣ뿪ڸľ˵ȴľȺӡľȲɴĺףŭ
ʢƼһĽʲô
պĶʢһæ۵׵ɫϴһ˿Ĺɵ磬ҡҵүү
ʢüͷһ壬ĽȻ˵ѣڱȽ
װһТ˳Ůģ
ʢĽ³
պƺʢŭίĴӣȥ׵ĲޣãΪʲôֻҪľȣѵǵ𣿲ȻΪʲô˶ϲô޽һ
պ߬߬ȭͷҧأݺȥ޲ľ
Ľ
ʢǳ⡣
պæջĿ⣬΢΢ͷʢŨܵĽëһ˫ˮӣίͲʣʵ磬ҡ
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ľתͷպı죬һ޲ҿ޵ģȥʢ
ʢľȵıӰüͷ

ѽͷӣզ

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үסˣ߽ӲĻ»䵽ԼŴƵӺͱ̲ɫˮպ󣬡һ쾪УקסӸסԼ


52 

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53 ǵ

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ϼ־̫̫ѹüͷһ䣬ü䲻¶ԥ
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ˣôӣ


54 ճ

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ˣҲҸǰ϶ҩһûͿǷϣ˵¡
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飬Ƭ̣²òǡ̫̫үӻȥϴɣ
һĴָµһ㡣
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ϿɷѹӣɷίֵЦɷĸ첲벻׾ͲȥˣǴģ˭Ǯ˭˵硭
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޽ЦľȵĻ
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պȴӳ˷ͲӰ


55 ն

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ʵϣľֻ¶һ롣
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ײؿۣüɫԳֲͣȴһͣպĵͷɵѾͷǻģ£һ˿ţһµġ
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պһ·Сܣܱ߻ͷĨҹɫʵӰ
ȴһζûͷ
뿪󣬴նһͷһСкߵı飬޿㣬պĵķȥ

Сһʽ׼ʱ⡢ɱ桢ͷҼһʼæµ˶ʮ죬ָ̫̫ˣ淢һϣڶ쿪ʼͷ
ԬֺǺǵǰգﰡͷʹͷɵöģҪôöˡ
ϸԬͷ
̫̫ԽԬƳϣƤ̧̧ɨĬİϣüһĨЦ
㲻
ƽʱôճ㣬ôˣ㣡
뵽˴̫̫پˬƽԬҲɰ˼֣ѵûԬϣӦԬϵĻɣɩͷʱǼҺУ
ϵ۾˲䶼ˣӯ
ü촽˶˵ʲôһ˿ûܵӰϺһԥ˿ڡ
һվһԣ˭Ҳûǰ޵æ
æ˰죬ͺ÷ڴ̫̫֣ص˸ɾޱ棬ַԸϣݽڿŵ㣬ôɲܳʲôûУ
϶һۣж
ÿ궼˵ʶģǡĥһ٣Ͳʹ졣
ϳҡҡͷ
˿ڣӲãС˵òҪҹ˿ڶ񻯣Ҫ໨ӡǼǵӣΪ˸ȽҩѾ߰˰ˣҪٳҩֻǮ
ʲôǮûǮ
һǮ̫̫ܾ̾
ָϣȥ˵һŵ㣡ûС
ϸղŻжϡﻩı飬˲̣˼ţǲҷֻίӦ£ǣ
󣬴ŵ۾ϣίŭ


56 ²

ƼǰһסϵĿ⣬ż
ŵͷһ˵Ԭ
ԬƲƲ죬Ավվϱ¶˵Ŀ£ϲ̵ֻ̧ͷѾίļỨҡҡ
۸ء
ϵۣһۣ̫̫һкһݣ˶
Ԭܵĸ죬̫̫ɻҲȥˣźء
̫̫һڣԶɻֳһҲ±˵ˣļҵģɿˣѧ˼С㣡㣡
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Ŷô˵Ҿˡ
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гһЦһ߳ݣķ
ЩĿ뿪ֱϹ˷ţŲʵջߣ̾˿Ŀ䵽ôίĲУզû˰ǣ۸ʵ

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ͩգŻںһͷϵĻЦŰŮ§뻳У˹ıǼ⣬ߡ
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ͷ
߸ã׼ϴ˯£Ȼ洫˻ߵĿ޺զˣ㲻ҪңѰ


57 £pkղأ

϶һ޶˶һۣһֱ˿ųȥ˲ſԼҵţ߳ȥ
ԺǱڵϣֱոɾĻܺɢڵϡ
̫̫ްվſڣҵģ㺿ʲôɥأҸûأ
ﰡҼҺզˣ˵ˣֻᴭˡء
Ͽ޵ģԼû·ˣ沲۸Ψһֳˣô죿þ
ƺǵĵȥô£ҿˡ
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˵߿ޱߺݺݵĵһۡ
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᲻˵᲻˵˵ᵱưûи˵ӵ£ƻ㻹ˣĳӹ
ϱıͷޣȴҶҲܣûСҾҲǹģ㲻Ҫߡߵ磬ɩӲҽŵġҲˣҲˡء
һЬӵϣԺɩ˵ɶ㶼ţһ仰ԣĻ͸ҹռңȥ
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58 ̫̫Ҳ磨pkգ

һĴҹĲú˯ҵݸɶ϶ҵģӶ˶¶ˣжůûô䣬涳ǰʲôģ϶ʹ˻զģĻƸǲҲҺˣǻ𡭡ȺİǡҵĺҵģʹҶˡ
̫̫ԽԽȴƤӶû̧ޱĿ̫̫
üͬɫÿɷһۣһȥס̫̫ЦŵԩͶɩˡ
ԩǣһõԩǣЩ»Ҫԩ̫̫һ˦ӵ֣ߺߵ
üƢٴǰﰡԩɩˡҿɲɩģǰҹĺܣŶͶɩҪջˮůŵģƣӶû
һֻʾ̫̫
̫̫ͷƼӹӵĽţĪǸţ˶ţ㲻ˮȥݽ𣿴ҹݣ¶ǰɣҪʲôã
վǹϣĮһšһ⣬תȦ۵ˣæס̫̫Ļ̫ˣ˯ҲøϽȥҪǴҪĻҿɾûˣҼǵǮθˡ
̫̫ߺ˷ȷʵŪˣŵۺ󣬷Ŷ뿪߱󣬡˵㣬üθɶ֪ʲôã˷ӣ㻹θǲǶ츳ҿţǻǲҪ׷ѹˣЩӻθ࿴õġ
ҪԹ֪вУһθ˾٣ɾǾ˵̣Ժܷھġ
Ϲ˵ռҪĨ̶ҲᵱһͯŶϣ̫̫ȻĶھ˵ݣȴԶӵĻǲмܾó˴󷿵ĲӶûǸԭɶǺǡ
ϴӣֱ̫̫ӰʧӺ󣬲̧ͷ硢ɩǸϽȥϢɣ졭Ҫһͷеİ
ϰοϣθùкָһܿŵģ
ЦŵͷɩģҲ̫̫ĻϵģҶӵĺԼ֪Ҫ϶
ҲЦˣϴкԼݡ

ڶգ̫̫˶ķţ±Ĵţ϶ҵģ̫ҪɹŲˣɻͷ
˭ҵĶϱһģʲôӣʲôӣŵҶˣ㻹˯ñ˿Ǹô¶
϶ҵģûУ𴲣
ﰡһ㺰ɶأò˯ɩɩûȥͷ𣿡ԬްŹǷ˯̽ͷ
̫̫һͣסˣŤͷһݺǸ̴ѹȻðẓ́ڨڨĺһԬϵ˯𣿸ϽιιҪĸһ᳤ĸСƵȥ
Ԭȴû̫̫ٺˣ۽صһɽ˯ȥˡ
̫̫Щš
ԬͻȻţﰡ˵ĽҼ⬵ģǵһɩ˵Ҽҽ껹ָſǷأ
ƣͷƣóģǮǴİֵ̫̫ȥݣջֽţԱߵİѾİżʮȷ͵ͷɫԻһЩ
϶ҵģʮͷʮͷһµɻǰģݰһССôšļҵģЪСͷȼϡȰ緹
̣һͷݵӦʮ𣿡ҵſ̽ͷʣȻ̫̫ղŵĻ
̫̫һ۵ɹȥСӶʲô˵͵ưͣȥȥȥȥõĲѧѧ˶ˣҲ֪ô̵ġ
Ͽһۣɫͬʱ
æԲҵ˵ûǼ巿ݣɲʮ𣿡
巿ҿɾֻĸӣ̫̫мɨ˼ûҲôбΥĶӣ
˲һ


59 Ӽұرͷpkգ

̫̫ҪǾҲԺ󲻽бǡ
֮Ȼ
Ͽɷۡ
硭üͷĿ۲ֱ׳̫̫ﲻ˼ɫʲôʲôʱûˣʲôʱΥˣͶɩТ˳һҲЩĲ˭Ĵͷ
ʲô˼һûʲô̫̫һĹȥ˼Ǹɩӣ˼㵱ܵܿû˼˳ԵˣӸ㻨ˡ
ɩЩӻ𣿡
ǸҵǸģһӣ̫̫󣬡ϱĶƫһˣ
Ҷɩˣ㽲òã
ͻȻĺۣһѹｲֱϱ˵塣
ü뿪ڣɿ˿ŵĸ׻û˵
ЩЩӵĿԸϱȴһ仰˵
ҲǷǰõģΪʲô̫̫ͻ̫̫棬һֶҪ˵Ϊ˵ʲôֻ̫̫ļͷ׼Խûһ
Ҳӣ㳤ˣ㡭
۰ү˵һˣѵռ𡭡ҵۼﱻ̫̫۸ӹµµתһȦ̧۾ɺ
۾һ͵ĿҵԼ˵˸ɫ
ӵӵʾ⣬üæ̫̫Ȱﰡ㿴˵һ仰ˣҵȥ״㣬ô˵ҵǸúӲȥү״ͷҪýַھлռҵӣʵ׷һ˵ģԺôദԹãɩҴ硢ĵܿɶھֵˣӹ껹ǼҹϵȥһЩھֵĻ˵ôһϣӵǮ;ɾûˡ
ǼɶϵߵģھֲǼҿģǾͳðɡ̫̫ҵһɤҪ²̨ͻȻӸԼ̨ףοĿ˶һۣԶӵĻΪȻ
̫̫̬ͣЦŴյ̫̫ߵ˵䣬̫̫۾бһۣһת˳ȥ
˸ͷĨĶӿЦ
ɩ˵̫̫˵ģ뻹̾һǱϡ
ϣҡͷЦ¶̫̫˵Ҳٲʲô
ŵͷ͡
ȰЩʲôϳɷҡҡͷ˼˵
˽ŵæµţָֻǰ硣
ͷݣʮͷʮͷһû٣̫̫ǰЩͷƲ˺ߣҲû˵ʲô
ҵݽݷ¸ľ˵ˣľȱ޽Ц
ŷʮկͷͷ˵϶õȴʵõԢ⡣
࡯ڼࣻ
⬴ͷҪŴǮ˼ÿ궼һԢȥǴͷй۸
νӼұرͷ
̫̫Ըֱ붼롣
̶ۼж⣡Ķ⡭ҵصĵͷ
ļֵ̌̿˵ܵܵСŶǼҵûѧѾѧʮˡ
ҵЦĽԴյľȸǰ㣬Ҳ飬Ҫѧ䡣ɶʱѧ书ѧ书Ҿܱˡ
ȣѧ򰡡ľЦЦȿŻ˵
ҵľȵĻ㣬Һúѧҽҡ
Уȶ顣
ߡ
޽ľȻŸ̵ҵСϹΡ
ҵ˹ȥ޽Цֳһš
պľ죬ܲĵĿǡ
ľɨһۣû
һպĲȥ˵˾䣬㣬֪Ϊʲô顭
Ľ˵ʲôҵʱվպġ
պͷһ㲻˵ƫҪ˵ΪӶ㿴ҩˣûǮÑȥҲȥ
㻹˵㣬Ϲ˵ұͲϲ飬;˾һԻߵʦŲϲЩ֮Ҳѧӹʲôġҵæ͡
պĺһƭˣҶѩ͵͵дˣģΪ㣬
պģұաҵŭĵպġ
պίĺ۾ֲҵĴ㻨˼ӣҷʲô𣡶㣬㡭
ľȵɨһۣĿҵϣҵ㣬ϰǿ壬һ֮ıʹϽܹҫ鹣ÿǼҵЩڱ۸˵ʱվڸߴֻܵͷڣ㣬黹ϰ䣿
ҡҵѿڶϰ֣ȴڿԼҽ˫µ˫󣬶ס
ãսȭͷͷ˫һҫ۵˫Уնûһ˿ԥĵͷҪ飡Ҫҫ鹣ҪЩ۸Ҽ˵ֻܵͷҪҵļˣ


60 һͭѹǮpkƼ

ãǾͶ
ľɫһᣬǳǳһЦָҵķࡣ
ǰ۵գ˼Щ㱣ǰһμҵʱѾճʲô֪ɵӣȴҪץ㻻Ǯʱʱ߶ţ㡭Ǯ
ԴӣĽëͶһƬӰסײһĨˮɫ
ҵ֣صͷ䷢һ㣬һһ㣬һúöģһúöġ
ľЦСȻ㣬ֻҪ˴˭У
ҵ۾Ŀľȡ
޽ЦҪˡ
պƲ죬Ӷ㿴ҩˣȥ飿ͻˣƤӹ򡣡
Ľҵüɹȥ
˵𣿱ǣÑҪöӣīֽҲҪöӡһ⻨ڱīֽϵӶҪüʮ绹ҪһǼĻȥѧã
ҵһ⼸Ӵȥ黨ˣȷʵûɢȥ顣
߬߬ȭͷȻ̧ͷľ˵һܳͷأͼľȱ޽պЦˡ
˭˵ǼҪˣйĺܣˣû𣿡
պһ㶣Ƭ̺üͷ㣬˵̫ˣʲôгүҪϺö˼ҶϸأҪδԼˣֵõӸ
ԼˣӸ
˵ĺ˭ϡ
ľЦЦбһۡ
պЩͷԵĿҵһۣ˺һ̽ſڣ㣬òᡭɣҲ̫Сˣѹϴ˵ûʱ㶼ҡ
ţ˵ˣСرСľȵͷȴ͸Ų״磬Ժ󿴵жԶԶռҶˣʲôıƣ´ΣɾͲʳôˣ
˵գٲȥպģֱ˴㶵ҵ˶֣ʲô飬ĥֱҵȥĳˣȥѧĥһӡ
պƺľȿŵˣڴβûٿڣֻʱʱ̽Ͳޡ
ҵƼüãֻĽħˣƫԼ׽㣬ȥάһˣ治֪Щʲô
ʲôҪҪǸҸǸһ۸㣬ô

ת۵Ϧ򵥳Թϱָ̫̫£æµϴв˳ˣ̫̫Ƶװ̣ʣĳϰųȫ䵽ϡ
ڣҲƽóˣǶҲܶԵ㲻ǡ
ԬװģĶ£ջһûһţʱ˵䣬㳴Ĳ㣬ҳһ¡
ɩԽԽˣԼˡ
һֱæ͸֣ͣͿʼ˷Źڵ̫̫Ӱվ·߳ݽˣϴ󣬴ϲϽȥŹڣ

żߦȴϸĵڳԺӣһԺӣԺŹϣ˨
̫̫֣Ը
׼õǹӻóڵȥ϶ģȥŲСϣҲʼˡ
СǸ˵ܣ巿¡ſˮЦĺɵܵ·ˤһšӹӡݡ
̫̫ƲһۣԬϣ˵ʲôּǴģֻԽĵԬϡ
Ԭװɵ㶵ĺٺЦ¡ɵˡǸɵӡ
뵽¡Ϊʲôɵĺ̫̫ջߣתȥ
˵꣬ʵүλܽһȥķչչһĹ⾰ֵҪҪڼּңҪТ˳ȵȡ
ţ˽ĿһЩ۵ǹԼҷĻӣץһ죬СЦ׷ţ꣬֨֨
ʱ䵽ҹŰӴУʱˣ
ҸܳȥſڣţźֽɵĴ󳤱ڣԤʾµһ
Ȼ󣬽׼õʳŵعϣ񣬿ʼ˲˰һ˳Բҹ
Ϊүˣһд˼߳üֵܷһ¶ļƻֵ궼ʡˣֱӵͷһڡ
ϴһҿʼҿͷ꣬үЦź̫̫۵ķźʱûɫ
ĵֻмͭĺתܽأǳԡ
лл㡣ܽЦŽˣȴڳҴýʱˣͼͭ壬Ҳſϡ
໣ͭ壬öСڡ񷢽˳ȥ
׷Ÿ˳ȥ¡ɵҵˡ
ָ̫̫ˣߣȥȥɶ
ľֻһͭĺһת̫̫ѻ˵꣬һͷĻޣΪʲôŮͭ壬Ƕĺȴֻһͭ壬ǲΪ㲻ģҺ͸硢ֻܵһͭ塭


61 һԲ̫̫õϷ̨

ҵܵľȵݹɫ˵үӵĴǰӺﵹһöͭǮ۾ί̧ͷүΪʲôͭǮǾֻһǲΪǲŮԡ
Щ˶˵˺˺үǲ˺̣Ҳˡ
ľЦ̫̫¶һԲ̫̫õϷ̨
үɫѿȥ̫̫
̫̫һ²ӣͷֱ׳ıûʣǮˣ⼸ͭǮҴٳģͷһ˶ˣȲţ˴ҦҲҪʼ׼ױˣûУǶ׵ôӣüͭǮզأһûǶûＸӣǵҸѹǮ٣ٶҽ
ʢȽҵĽ޽ȥͭǮ̫̫
ϼżίȾűŭ뿪ڣȴȿ˿ڡ
˵꣬ĿүӣҪݲǶһֽ飬Ͱȥʮկռһ֣
϶ô˵أ
үӳܲϲͱˣӵѹǮϲˣ͹ݲ㣿⻰ȥôʮկˣˣ˵ûִ磡
үҧš֣ˡТλá
ľ䣬үӡ
үӲźߣȥʱֻľıӰüͷ˲һ壬Ѿͷʲôӣ˻ˣûһأ
⻰ûʲôϸ˼ȴ͸һĶ⡣
ľЦһҪתүһ䣬ѵǰɫɭүлͳ˵ô˵Լ׶ӡŮĲʹ𣡡
㡭
үɫ࣬תͷޱ϶ǲһܲ˵ˣ
һӶҵô˵Ҷ˵ʲôô˵ŮĴǹһĨЦô˵仰ģ˭ɡ
ʲô˼ʲô˼˴ʮˣĺӣô˲֪Ůб𡭡
үӵĻ˵ס˲ӣȻֹ
Ȼһһ׵ĵֱ϶УڿˣӣͭǮŮ٣Ÿ
ɶѹûǮǡ
͸ٷϻһ䣬ҹżȥү첱ӴֵĴŭžžžڴϡ
̫̫һæӦ£ضͭǮϣһǶǮܷܲƣ
۰
ҵޣ̣Ϊʲôô磬ҪûǹҲͭǮѹǮˣҲᱻˡֲ˼Ҷ˵˺к۰ÿû˵ָ̻ۡı㡭
үĶͷֱͻ֪Լ˵ʲô˵ɫ׽ѿǱ
ֵܼϴһһݣק뿴ϷԬϳţľչԼȥˣֻʣϺͼӣվһ뿪ڰǻס
ϣզˣզ޳ˣӴȽҲˡĳɶ¶ˣ޵ĺˡ
ݵȻƿǰͷھܼҵСϱץһѹӣĳæ˹ƤԵ
ܼСӳ˳ϱ·զ˵أ
ˣմ󲮣ղҲ˵ɶȥܼСϱЦ˵˾䡣
ܼСεקϱմ󲮣ղǰˡ
˵ţСϱҪͷСϱ·ӲץܼСӣû£ֻ˸Ҿ˸
үӸ̫̫ʹ˸ɫô˺Ū˳ȥȴܼСϱܼСӱֹ߱Ҿ˵ƽʱûɶ˽˺ͻкûЩͭǮһ׼̫̫ѹǮƽί˶ļӣȻզһĶƵġ
ˣ˵䡣ܼСӵһ䣬漴˵նȥˣɲ𣿡
ܼСϱЦ
үӵɫѿˣһ˫۵̫̫ӣֻһǲʡĵģ
ϵĲ֪湦
Сûģ̫̫ôҲ꣬ĳȻô²̨ТĶ
ү뷢𣬿ɵ׻ŽǴһһҪ½½ˣҪǶЩ˻ڣʱɾͶˡ
ƽ˺Ի˼ɫ϶֪ίˣˣ춹ģ˵ʲôȥǼҺˡҲȥɣ˴Ŷ
үӰڰ֣ö뿪
ûаֳɣ뼸ˣӶһۣҲźӳݡ
һͭǮڵϣû˼
̫̫һһһ֪ͲӵˣһȺǻҪҵӡ
ˣ㻹Ӳǲǣõ㶫ȥǰԺһˣܼСϱ˵
̫̫ȥɿүҪ˵Ŀ⣬Ʋ˺йڵĸȥˣٳŻүӽŶɣҿﻹڼǸ꾫ﶷңŶûУ
үץĻ̫̫ȥ
̫̫Žһˡ


62 ͣĳһ

ϴżȥһȦȥսһ緹ʱϻռҡ
һţͼ̫̫վſڣһҴң֪ʲôʱԷ𣿻ȥѲ˳緹
˵գӽݡ
ľۡ
üͷһ
ЦһһѣˣңؽǸģȴǻݣȥѷһ£һͺá
ɩǻˡ
ԺĶ߳С˵ȣҪǻ
üһۣε¼ŴЦЦȥݡ
һȺã϶Ųĸˡ
ݾĴ
һ׷ѣŮҲȥǼ¶棬ɶ˼׻°
ܹѸĭӷ죬һű紵ĴֲڵϺǲ
˲ϼ״еֱܹѸ
Ӵ⻰ô˵ģ˭δ޲зŮģɩӲ֪үҲ֪𣿡
ɫ˲һȴżҾЦ˵ǣǺزˡ
ܹѸӳԱ񣬻ҪſڷֹסܹѸֻ㬵˦ϼۼӰۡ
ĸȥүӺ̫̫˵˼伪⻰أǿͷ극͡
үӱԵ˵˼͵Ļһ˵ͬĶǫüȻǻؼҡ
ȻģĸӲһˡ
ܹѸүڶʱ̾ʹӦˣֺǺǵ˵һһԷʮկǶһݣҽմĹˡ
ޣ
̫̫ϳ
үҲ˵ȥվһԵȴͷТ˳ģڸҶġ
үӵҲʹˡ
رǳԷڼ䣬ܹѸ˿ɫ˺üҦƸǰ⣬̫̫۾û廨룬ɹȥ͸ס
ΰѻ⳶ľȵϣ֮ǳǳ˵ľ÷ͶϡǵʢҵЩ̲סˡ
ߣܹѸһ̫̫ҦϲԵĳӣǹǴ󷿴Ҵģʲôҩģٶ඼ϻͳû٣̫̫ǣ׼˷Ůأ
ܹѸֶɩҪȥңܹѸͲҵĹˡҦߺߵĶš
̫̫ݺݵĵʰϣʡĵĶ
һ٣ͷҲû̧һתߡ
϶ҵģûңþϲķˣ׼ˣҪϣһ
һ㶣첻Ǹöɩ
ſڣ˵ʲôȴϳҡҡͷӹȻɫĸϻݡ
ɩֵңǼǴˣɩղôŲ˵
ϳգգۣһЦ֪ˡ
üȴЦϴˢ꣬˿ûб̫̫ŭӰ졣
ϣϸ˵£ЦˣȽˡ
ǡϵ۾һһĿɷ
üΪӵġ
һڣûģҵģǾն࡭
á
һĻû˵
§뻳УȻʲôǶۣǾǰɡԺÿĳǶң
ģ۾һżȷſϡ
Ц΢̧ͷӷףġ
ҲЦˣɷˣԺǰذɣûйرڸǣǣȽǻüˣҵ鿼ƾ٣ǵδѣץ˰ѱԺǵĲǡ
Ĭ˺һŵͷãġ
һǽ֮ľȽ޶˵ĶԻ˸߰˰ˣһ̾ȻµһһֱּңΪü
ڶգδһ߿ھͻ·ǰ׼õʢһ˱һޱռԺӡ
ϵսңս翪Ժţæţϳս̺˸ɲݣϰޱ棬һ棬õȥǡ
Ľ˳ɵ˳м䣬һҪ˯ģҵһѽһߣüúõʲôɣмһɣô죿
պίҧŴҡҲ
ţҵûĵһۣȽ˯κ޽ɺãʢҲ˸λãϳһֻסźϥǡ
պһţȴô˯ˡ
һЦսս˵˼䣬ţ˴塣
ϵկʱͷżĺӣһϵˣһܻȥţһȺЦų˹ү̣


63 

ҵţվԶҡ֣ЦеĴУ磬歱㣬㣬˼ܡ
һգܵţԣСͨͷã÷ү̵Ǻþ
˵꣬Ҳ˵Цţҵһ𣬡ǿˣˡ
һЦ̴ţ
ã
歽겻ֳˡЦű˱ֶŮļ
歽̧СظƬ̺־ɥĴͷ˵ٳߣҪżˡ
ϳЦֶŮ˵歽ôÿ޵˭˭ҵĸ
歽Ц
޽ľȻűһ磬Цһ˫
歽һѽ޽ӣ޽־ϲ۴У歽ЦĿ죬޽û歽ѽ
롣޽Ц۾ˡ
ˡ
ȫˡ޽§歽ĲӣŴŴ
歽ס޽źݺһڣ޽һСǵͨ죬Ҳ歽һڣȻ󣬺ߵĳľ֡
歽ЦĽľȣС棬˻˯
˵꣬ɫȻһ䣬ľȶͷŵɴҧȽǲЩ۸ˣȺ˵
ľһ̧ۿһɫֲް޿㣬һŰƴС仹ۣȴ˴ĸϣӢʮ㣬һ˫ʱȼĻ棬ҫ۶Ŀ
歱㡭
正˾ĸһӣǴ˾ĸĵӡ
ǰȥ˷ҷԣֻ뾩緵ع;ӺӮ˵˱Ҳݣã´ĺʧӰ
׸ʱ歱źշתڽϵӣ뾩ȴպƣԽ֮ƭķʳ˶
֪ʱ歱ѾպǸˡˡ
歱һ涼û
ǰһŭݣվǰΪƽ歱㣬ľЦᶼҪˣ歱㣡
һԼұÿˣæһֱ޽һæҵİľȲᣬȽޣˡ԰ԡ
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歱㡭
պĴӱĽǵߴ˴ա
Ľ歱˵˵˭ȽģΪɶȽ
պɫһ䣬Ŀľȣһ˫Ӻܿˮҡҡ
ʲô㣬㵹˵歼üͷ
㣬ءպȻסľȣ
正
޽죬СüͷͰ͵Ŀſ޵պģ˵͵ģ̴ġ


64 ̵

ʲôɫһü˲ʮֱֱĵպģպģԴпȽƽմ㣬Ȼԩ͵̫ŴͷûûεСǿˣ
պ̧ŵһŭĴ㡣
һ͵ĻᶼûֱӶ϶ԩľȣ
պĪίʵȥϣ˵ʧˣ˭ҲûƺûĻͷ֪˵Щʲô
պֻؿйһȼĲʺͷŭ
һĨȥϵˮ歴ֲǹģô֪̻жٿ鷬Ҿһ˵û̴Լŭ̲ŰģƾʲôֵϣͲҵĴ
˵գݺһƿľȣţȥ
ľ⧲ƵȥһѾסľȵް죬ľԭλ
֧˵ķ
ľȣ
ڴǺġ
ؿѽպգҺȽûƽʱɳأȻ಻ɾͲˡ
˵Щмľȣ
ܾﲻԡ
ţߵڣͼҼȫҳӵʮҵһһŮٳ
ϼȦһ죬СƵ˹ȥ˻ûǰͽ˹ȥһˡ
Ϊ׵ĸѦ̫̫һץסϵ֣ϰϵĽŮ§뻳УϸжĿ޳ͱһĵ˺ϣʡĵģǲǱҲ֪ӸŶֵܶ𣿣
ۡᣬ̧ͷ
Ѧ̫̫һûٶ֣Ůתߡ
ЦеĸѦ̫̫һɩӺ͵ôкɩĵá
Сӡ
ḾˣһҳϱϣһĶϱϡ
Цһˬʣˣһüˣסǰɣã
ϽȻ෴ᣬ˵ҲǸ˵ӦûиңƫϾϲԸƽʱϵֽһ軤š
ɩҲܳüˣֱ߶ŸС׼Եܲӡ
㲻ҲС׼˽𣿡
ҽпڸˡ
Ѧ̫̫ЦſһϱĿŮʱۡ
ϣĴеһѾˡ
ү°ϵĺ뿴͸ԼŮһ׾֣һĵͷЦɱڣŮûкúûҼСﰡ
ӱĵ˲һǸЦ
̧ͷűĸߵӣţ棬ӣ


65 మɱ

ϣүӣŮˣһĶǸТ˳ġ
˵үӼҶĹʮկǸֹܰ
˼Ůʮ˴ΨһأүӿǸиӴ
˭˵ѽ⸣ĽӴ
үһЦекһ߾ͷްǰߣһ·ЦԺӣүһѶ֣һԶȥ
үӴСӣûһ˽ŵԾ㻹ܣ㻹վס
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㲻׷ңҾͲˡ
ޣ㲻׷ɶվסӻûأϴߵʱôӦӵģ˵Ļƨһ㿴׷㲻һȴȳˡ
歹Ц޽ҵĴү÷Զˣϸ첲Ȳඣ׷ˣɡ
ѾͷСүүŲϸ첲Сȳӣ
ŲţŶ÷µĹɱȥ˲٣үүο϶䡭
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ľȾӰɿһζһŻعŹâȥ正歱㣬үʹҵṦ𣿡
ûҡҡͷˬҵİүү׷ǸĶӽ̵ģǸսүүµΪһδ˰̣Ϊ˵̫˺öˣٽһݣͰҵľѧӰٲ̸ֵһЩҪĽ졭
ľͷһ𣬾ȻҵľѧѹǰԸɰһõ˵˷ıҲԸ֪ݡ
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үҲ۵ģϧţ䲻ױһ£˵
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үЦ˻ǸȳӾͲɱ㣿ˣʲôأɣ˵˵Ƚͷϵô£ʢϵô£˵һٻӾʹֻȡ

ˡ
һһʮ˵үһšˮ̧žͳ˹ȥСӣҪʲôãӵС㻤סԼСҲסôԴǸװĶǵ㵱ĵ˵ЩƨҪǻסǶӻţ
ү
ľæǰסүӡ
үӵĶһ٣תͷľȣȾһ㿴뵣һ̾һȽүԴϵ˺õôˣ𣿡
öˣѾˡľЦžסүӵ䣬һ˼Σү·ͻȻҵѾŬĻüˡ
Ů·үӵ̾ˣϴżֵЦ⣬úúã˭ӶܲҼȽү
үһ˼Ƚϣξˣ´Ρ
֤û´Ρæ
үӺһȻЦǺǵĴľԺߡ
歿һٺЦõļͷ÷ٽѽ
Цãֽӹе޽үľԺߡ
Ժһɫ޲վԺţͷ˹ڣֻ޴ƣüӯ˵ĵȻһŵ̴żɫЩ԰ɫʿţ΢γֹЦǳɫºͣĽȽ
ľȵĽŲһͣʱմҵĸо
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һ£յǰȽô
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æЦĨȥᣬµֿ컶һЦ磡
ϵЦ˼֣ӻͳһЦеĳ֡
ľҪȥһѱס첲ţҪˡ


66 

Цá
ȽǧȡݵӺ󣬴ˬʵЦ
歿Ŀľȣƹݡ
ľȣ
㣬ȰѨ
歽ľȷŵԣԼұú˵Це˵ȽҸ׼һСָϲ
䣬ȴӶݳѦ̫̫ϡϣһǰһҲ˳ϼתӲܶľȣЦ
Ѧ̫̫һĵŮԴϣ˳ָľȽѨЦŮǰɣѧ˼칦͸۸á
ٺ٣̣ҽѨĹɵ˰ɣȽû歱Դһߣ˦ųβ衣
̧䣬ڴЦ
ĿŮһۣ˵ϻȽѨô
ҲЦˡ
Ѧ̫̫ȴľȺ׵˳ﲻǶһĺǾȻôص֣Ҳһףɱǣ
ϵЦ˲סľȵĿϧ
Ѧ̫̫һתɸֵֵ̧ϵĶͷ㰡㣬˵ٴˣʲôŸң㲻ɱǼңҺɩɩȥǽеİɣƫ۶ģǸСӼмˣʲộ㵱ǡ
ģǲ˵ò˵Щĵ𣿡ϼֶ̫̫æǰȰ˵߸ɩʹɫ
һԴһӣҪʲȥʮկȥռҸСóǼʶʶҵȭͷǻҲ۸ҵĹ
˵գһĵԵϣúõİ˲ָӡ
ϣ
ɩȷǰæȰܵ
һ߬߬ȭͷصͷҸһȥ֡
Ѧ̫̫һУġšһ
һŮֱϣ⺢Ӻ˵ʲôˣôܺҶ֡
Ѧ̫̫һϵʡĵģҼǺˣ´ΣҾʹɩɱռȥǼȻúùӣǾͲˣ˭ǲɣ
ľ򴽣΢ӯӯˮ˻ΣǹһĨЦ
ګګۿȻˣˮ뵡
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˵꣬˸е̾һϱ˰֣ߣȥ
ӦһȻݽ׼õ˸ľȣ͵һͨĳޣҴëһ룬˳Ĵһͨĳ˵ҺɽץƤģһԡȽϲ
ľȵͷϲ
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ӱպĶţˡ
Ⱳӣ˭ҲĶ
ľȽ߬Цеͷллĸлл歱㣬Һϲ
˲ֺˣü۽Ƕŵ⣬ȥϡ
ϳЦԼõĶӰﶶһëߵĴ춷ǰ̶ϵϻӴСëš
úƤһůģľ˾Ѱ˼ζûмֻ꣬˶ΣƤﲹһ
˵ţľϣǰϵ˺ᣬñľͷϣЦǼȽ˴ʮˣǴˣҪ졣
ľĸ
ľȿϵĿЩɬǰҲյ˵ģֻͶû˵պĿ˵ǱӣǶ϶ҵġ
Ϊľĸϲû׼ǻպľ˾˽£û˺
ԭľ˾˺ľĸġ
꣬ǹľ˾˺ľĸ
ã˲Ļᡣ
Բľ˾ľĸ䵽ǰôҵĵز
ľͷЦеĵɪллľĸԺҲж񴩵ˣ
˿۵ĵ̲סЦ
Ͻһɫëñóľͷϵ˿ڣСĵİãЦŵ֪Դˣľ˾˾߶˵һñӣͷ𴵵磬ãȻһûñûС
ľĸáľȰһ˵ϻ
һľȣߺߵСûĵģҿΪץߣ㱻߸ҧˣҲû
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ľ歵֣֪㵽ϴʹ֣ȴû⣬ȵĻ棬ðĳ磬ҵ̤ף
˵գץľȾܡ
Ѧ̫̫ҡͷʧЦԶһԷ
ԶԶӦˣѽ˺Ժ
ȥæ緹ȿȥѰʱŷѾͷȻһ·ӵķȥˡ


67 ˣҵĽ㡣

ľǹġ
Ҫȥľ˾µ£봩ˮȻһ·Լʱĳ̼ɵ
ʱһЩܵ
ǵǰľ˾ȥʱ˵Ϊųǻңԣľ˾ҹ̣֮ǰһ棬˭֪չ粻ãǸϵʱ·ɱӵɽǿ
ľͷ죬յ̫߸߹ͷҪˡ
󣬴ĽҲڼҶûôôܵıһҪ죿
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˵գһתͷƹˮֱС·ȥ
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һǰһٶȼķɱţԶԶȥֻӰţһһһĿһտһҫۡ
ľȿ̫ѵ磬ŵµľ룬ļ١
ӦôƶģӦһЩͶģ
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Сˡ
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歹ЦüҼӯɱ֮ӢõվڳУЩɽȴáһ򵱹Īĺ
ľдǰֻ֪歱Ṧʹһֺñޣȴ֪歱Ĺ˵ã
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ˣҵĽ㡣
ھֵʦǳûһΧһȦɽϴḻʦĻңʶɽĺɱ֮󣬸ɫأµɱһһңֱɽɫֻ̣ǱӴܶȥ
˦ƿնĳޣܵɽ󺰣ùƼǣһɱһΡ
ľȿɽԶ룬еľ̸շ£ҪһкȻһƺһŤͷȥľ˾˿ѪŵλѪǰȥ
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쵰
ľкէ֣³޺ԥľסʦĲӣԼǰһץסĲӣʵʲôˣΪʲôľ˾ɱ֣˵


68 

ʦͨ죬ȴһֶû˵ſҧʲô³һںѪһᣬˡ
ľһĵһ˵Ĺ֮С
歼״һŽʦʬ߳ԶֳֳǰĿʣµЩʦ
ЩʦէཻյֵܶԼ˶֣һš
⡢⡭ʤôͷ֣
𣿡
ͷô
ɫľ˾˿ٵ˿ڴļѨʱֹסѪ̧ͷ˵壬¾ͲǵĵˣʦȻھ֣ҡһ忴ˡ
ԣʦһ׳˶վͷͷҪߣǱضѶȫȥҡ
˵գԸڳһлľһ˳
ݳ泵ľڳչʱھֵʦͷٴȥ
ľ˾ˣôľȷһġ
ɫףȴЦҡҡͷһСˣ¶Ƚô£
Ҹ歱ߵڣܾò߿˭֪
һԸŵͷ壬ҲǣԽԽܾʲô¶ҪƵģҿҸȽˣȻǡ
˵歳ǲͬĿֶһۣ壬ô¶Ⱥɽ˶ɱˣǾȻڵֿƽʱɲôҵģ
ɫһ٣ǺǸЦһ㲻˵УһҪ˵ģŸһ˿ʱӿһѪ
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ܿӣѰһҽݣֹѪҩô˵ôأһЩҪˡЩҩڷЩҩãҪմˮҪ֮Ժ
лл򡣡Ǯ˴ҽݳֻӵһ·ٶկȥ
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Ķ˵ɷûպίĵͽС
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正
ľȣȽĽڼҲͿ޳һ
ļ̧̌Ƥһ
ƲƲ죬ڴ¿޵ļʶպģǲ˵˾䣬Ҳû˵ʲôôͿ޳ˡ
ǲ֪ôôһõģ
Ƚθڡ
֪˶ã̫սбʰݣǵٲߵҾҪڵʱ򣬶춯
үɫصļͷЦŵģҲ÷ͺǳԿġ
ãϣ˵ʲôѣǵŸǣҺﻹ˸ͼֶӲۿǳԿġ
˲ˣ
үӵһۣСӣҼСίӷַӴʣȣ
ǡ
ЦЦ
һС͵ڣϺ۰ǻȥһֱ˺ԶֱǼӰϲŲתͷ
ӵ֣ũæʱ򳡡
۾һƬȥǱˣүӸ̫̫ˡ
պڱصĿ޸ͣ
˼ۣص̾˿Ա޽ľȵȽĶĽɣͷٰһòã
ľһ


69 ִ

ִţϳɫһĿһŵպϣ֮ɫ촽䶯˼£뿪˵ʲôȴʢҵȡ
ľĸģΪʲôҪĽҵȳüܲ޳ɵбպһۺ϶š
ʢ漴ͷҵ˵Ķԣľĸ͸ȽģĽʵҪһˣοȽġ
պĶڱ޵֪ʱͣˣűС̽ͷĿˣһ˫ӯˮĺȥǽί
һ䲻紵İһģҵͷðһ𣬺ݺݵĵɹȥ޿޿ޣ֪ޣ˭۸Ƶģƽʱãʲô㣬㵹ãľĸ͸㡭Ǹιİǣ
ҵ
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Ϊպ˵ҵǺָ̧պģŭеԼ˵ø¶𣿲˵ƽжã˵͵¶Լߥ͵ģϻԩ㣬㱻̴Ĳû㱻̱ʵʱһֱҧſ˵Լ͵ģûаʲô˵ǰǶǱ
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ҡǺǸЦⲻǿȽͦϲľĸ͵Ķ𣿡
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ĽҪȽٴһϣӿڵ
ϿպģûзĻӦһǾɡҪ񣬵ʮʱľĸ㡣
ĻȻǸպ˵ġ
պ㶵Ŀϣղ˵Ѷңٸһġ
㲻ǲҪ𣿡
ҪҪģҲҪġ
㲻ҪҾͲҪ¶ˡ
պĲŵĿϣˣƫģ㲻ܴҪ¶Ϊʲô
ΪûжӡϿһԹŮɫӡ
պĵĿһͣһּ𣬡֪ǶڹңǻڹңֲҶģֲҰģôôңǣˡ
ɫһ»ڸģҺƽôģû£Ҫǡ𣿡
ҡҡպĿҡͷҲǹģΪΪƽʱһ£û뵽ôص֡
ˣĽǹġľȿŻҪҡҡͷĽСءҸ˵
Ϻݺݵպһۣͷ


70 Ȱ

Ťͷ뿪ΪŮ飬ڿľȺϵʱһ٣еĻ̻˶
г̾һתͷ
ľȻǲ˸׵һ̾ôҲ벻һĺӣռҶֵܽõŹ
Щ˵˵ȥ˭ţ
࣬С֮Ķˡ

˭Ҫպо綾İ
ҪģǵסֵãܰȡֵĻţ
ҪպΪǰµܣ
ľ˼תȴ¶ֺЦŽŵպĵĿУڵˣ֪ﲻίԼ̫̫˴򲻸㱳ϸһ룬㱻Ĳ㶪С㻹һֱԼĴﲻίѹ𣿡
ҡҲǹģûġպίĳҭţƴۡ
ŷ۵СǰӸµư֮غϣЦ绨Ķ㣬Ҳǹģֻ˵˺ӽҵĺӾͲǵճˣ˭֪͡㣬ҿһֱûġ
ĺӣ
һǹģһû
ľȻۣһſסĵӿڵĿʹޣ۵֪׽ãô̴أǲǣ
պĵĳҭһ٣ίĹͷ
ľ¶һĨЦݣӸպĲȥϵˮԣˣĽôÿɾͲϲˡ
ľ˵ϲĻպæҵĨȥᣬһ˫ˮССһžϧ
ľеĶ㲻Ҫ룬ղŵĻûʲô˼ֻʮҪ֪Լ겻ܴ죬Щ᲻ãǲ㴩
պЩĿľȣղſˣôһأ㶼˵ˣû˼ֻ᲻ãֻΪﻹЩǰܵ
ɫС̽ǰ㣬۸ңҲҪˡ
ľȵһ㱡
㣬ʱ˵͵ģҪǸҸ͵ģԺ󶼲ˡ
㣬ʱ˵ҸģҪ˵Ժ󶼲ˡ
㣬Ҳǹģˣ˽˯һͺˣ˭֪㣬㲻Ҫҡ
㣬޽ҪҲˣԺҲҪˡ
㣬ҪҸչӣҾҲҪˡ

ľȽպ§뻳УıЩȵĲЦã㲻㣬㡭ôòĽء
պľȻЦˡ
ʢպϹЦݣü
ҵغһ֪۸㣡
޽¶ľľȵ·΢΢С죬Դľȵؿڣպļһ߶ȥ
պĳҵͷŶŲһߣĶ俪һĵ󣬡㣬ÿ𣿡
ÿ
ǿҴ춷񣬱ÿպļ́°͡
Цſ˾䣬ÿ㴩Ҳÿÿ
üɹȥպƲƲ죬յľߣ㣬ҡ
ľЦĽƤۣƯǱҺÿ
Σ㰡͹ɣܵģԺ󲻶ʲô
ľ򴽣Цӯӯ£һúýġ
պЦĵͷ̫Ѩ˦һ䣬Ҳˡ
˵գתͷС˵ʲô
պĵ˺öΪľȵͷԼǸСµ˳ˣһ·ߴߴҫžûͣ
ȵʮկɫѺ͸һյСվڴͷĴ£ţƵĽЦŻһ÷
ɩϾȵĻһ
ǰŷ֣սսڴڵǣæţ
磬ôɩôʲô¡
սͽռҰշ¼˵ˣǿɱȥҲڣҿ̫̫һǴ˭˭
һۣͷ˼ӣһЩ񣬱ޱһռҡ
ƿţԬһ𣬡ɩǻˡ
꣬һܻԼݡ

ӦݵӾͱƿˣһյСƵҦ˳ŵżˣ̫̫
ʲôʱˣǻ֪ؼң϶ҵģ㻹ɶ˵¸ý㡭
ĽϴɶҦȻ̫̫ʣĲӵ˰ľȵĸ첲˯ԺպߣһѾסϵĶ


71 

պһ飬Ȼˡ
Ķʵĵƹ¿ĲŴǰİɫëȴڵƹӰ¸ۡ
ҦۼĿˡ
һ̣ɿȥץëȴӦպıܿһ¶㵽󣬾ް̻̲ĵУСҪҵĶ񡣡
񡭡СӣҶ㣡
Ҧƽ̫̫У־Ҫȥպģץס󣬳Ҧƣʲô
֣ҪϴɶҦƿһۣһһϣſ
û̧֣һԷ·ʲô¶ûз̫̫תͷʢú͵ܻܵϢҺȥү̡
ߣҦһŲűϣƴ˦ȴãҽУ϶۸ңҵҪˡ
üӣȥ
ǣʢ򴽣պľҪߡ
ҦȴͻȻһͷײ°ϣԲֵײ´Ҧˤɿ֡
˭֪ҦƵȵľ֡
֣һ̾סպģպģʲôܣҿϴɶ
һץסպϵĶ˫պϳպıŶУҵģҵģ
ޣ㶼ռҵˣɶģСӡҦһڣ˫һקպıǰˣۼҪ˵ҦƻҦƺһ̧ߵպĵϣ˳ȥ
ǰ󲻹ϢĹ򣬵ʢҵӦպѾڵϣСίʵţҵģҵģ㻹ң컹ң
ҦƱŶЦеĻص̫̫ߣ㿴⶷ͣƤģ϶ůͣɩ˵˵Ұɡ
̫̫Щ㶣Ȼû뵽СŮᶯСŮĻеĶ񣬵˵ͷƤӲͻᱡ͸ůǸö
Ҳϲ治˵еֶκͷ϶Ѷóλεġ
Ц۵ŮԭֵĻ˻ȥ˰֣ˣϲŰɣٸĽˣӣˣȥϢɡ
˵գŵץСŮ֣Щݣš
϶һۣ
㻹ҵĶǿպصĿš


72 ҵľҵ

̧ȥȴ﷽Żŵĵƣ̫̫ĸŮȥ֮Ƭ̱㴵ˡ
ĽŲһ٣ͣԭء
ſڣ뵽ҦƵɷĸͬãԥƬ̣ڵʲô˵ɣˣȥŪһԵģӦϢ
˵գ޽վһԵľȣȽջ𡣡
ľӦһ˯޽ݸһԵʢϾֱȥݡ
ʢҵ࿴һۣ뿴˿޵ĳպһۣҵ磬޽˯ɣ䡣
ֵһǰһݡ
ŵԺ˲ֻʣ޵Խίպġ
źݷźһջߣĿڿ޵ڵϲԸպϣ˱۾ڣĽҪˣ񡭡Ҫġ
պĵĿһ٣̧ˮСϲĿġãܰҵĶҪ𣿡
֪ĸ֣üͷ΢΢һһɣ䣬С
ţպͷ̧ĨһϵᣬӵŶߡ
ʢҵѾ˵ƣպվſڣЦеЦҲġ
ǣǻӦ
ǵѩƮ䣬Ŀʼ׷һ紵䡣
գպľͰŴľ𴲣㣬㣬ѩˣôѩ㣬ǳȥѩ
˵ֺ꣬ǺǵĲһ䣬ȵҵĶҪҾʹȥССʶʶǿ϶ûôÿĶ񡭡
ҵĻЩʲôĶľĸģôͳģ
պ̲֨ˡ
һίĺһ㣬ľûӦĥĥִһӴЬܣԺųҵ˾䣬˾ҵģҵģҵģҵģ
ҵĶš
ľ򴽣ƽ޲
ɫ緹һ˳Էڼ䣬϶ԬһݵĿϣίʡԹϵ˴˶ĵ棬ƺ޲һһϡ
ֻɨһۣ͵ûˣø
Խ߳ŭϼĸ˾ȥλεİϵĿӴһȥĵɩķǺóԣɩƣûбµģһڰɡ


73 Щˣܹ

ľüɨһۣס
Ҳ˵ճв˳Էֻٶȱʲſ࣬ϿȥѾ˲˷ŵ߳Ե
һ¡¾óѣɱһƫϲӦĻһӵĻйܵޡ
Ǹʲôôһ˶۸
Ϊʲô۸
ƾʲôƾʲô
ίίĲˣίĿʲô˳ۣʲô˻ˣ֪ҲǸѪԵˣɵһ˵ҡ
Ҫ˽˽϶˦ݺݵӣϲô
Ҳǰͽһͷ˵źûǰ̧ͷ۸ʱվϿѣӸµİοϣͲ
һǺˣץſӵϣ۶Ƿ
ķ΢΢üĿϣԱŲŲ
ǲмĿЦ
Ԭ˷ܵĵתӣ۾ƮƮȥֺȴһ̶ûͣİĲˡ
̫̫ݺݵĵԬۣĲ˼еҦҦӣ˼г͸Աһɫĵ
ĵĿմȾҦƿˮĲ˺ϡռӰ࣬ߴﹾ߶ͷĽһƣҳԱˣá
漴ݡ
ҦưĵͷûأҦɫЩѿ˵䣬ԬͻȻӶ˹һĵ룬ÿӰţͷĽͲ˵˶
Ҧĵۣɩɶأǵġ
ɶģ˵Ա˲ôһ뵹˶ϧպҲûԱԬϺİڰ֣Żȥ̧Ĩһ죬ŶЦĶһȦ沸ӵ˭гԲģҰǳ԰
˵գϻڵϣǰ༸ûһתһ̣ϵϡϷӦһͷһ˸⡣
һĿ
Ӧϣҵģҵ࡭
ɩһ˰죬һǲɩĲôúȣ㲻ȾҪȥιˣҺˡԬĶӣ̾һѽڳԱˡɩľǺúȣǰɣɩ
ίĺһ˫۾߬ſӵֲƬ̣һ˳ȥ
Ԭϲϣɩɩզˣ
ϿһۻƮӣǵӣȲĻȥ
ԬȥһԵϡ
Ŀȫ̵ϣ̲ס׵Ц⣬˼ͷ͡
һ꣬˵˾Ժ˶ݣ̫̫ΪСŮ˶ĶϾԶʱ˵԰շһƣָʹķʰꡣ
æڿˣܿʰݣʳιͼ
С˵˼ϵĻϱʾ⣬ЦŽз˵ˡ
ԭֻʣ´󷿺նǻңָ̫̫ʹϱͽ˭֪̫̣ﹷźˮ̫̫ˮ˭֪ˮպûûþͶ˹ȥ̵˹նǱӱĸʲôƵģƿڴ֣Ͽ޵ҵһӵ˶
˲Ϸ񾭵ԭ޷̫̫ûˣͲˣϲͲˮ̵ȻͲᰤһٴ򡭡
ЩϵһЦ
˵ĶԣЩˣܹߡ
߳ëġ
պҪضı֤ǿĵ޽ԺѩˣľҲμӣϾݣֻ׼ĺſڿš
һѩ϶µ˳ҹţŷ硣
һ죬˶ɨѩ·
ʮ󣬻ѩʼڻ
Цϵ˵ѩٻ죬ܽɽˡ
Ҳܸˣ굹Ҫдѩĸˣڼҹʮˡ
ҵ۾ǰƱƣƣҪϻġ
ҪСӡ޽ҧָЦıסȡ
ЦһѽСŮһڣã޽һֻСӣʢȽĽҪʲô
ʢ۾΢΢һƬЦҡͷʹˣҪˣȽĽɡ
ҪľȻıơľЦŴȤʢһߵߣ֪ϲһƥǧıưɡ
ЦãУĽأ
ʢɫ΢΢Ǻ졣
Ľ֣˺һŵҪĻıƣôôĺĻ
Цá
˵üŪˮŵľ棬϶ɱڶ̱ơ
˭֪ڶȴˡ


74 

컹ûռҵĴű죬ϸ˺ϱԿֻŵĽţ쿪ŰҼһɽڻûл쿪Ű
󾪣Ĵ̾ˣ̹ްϣֳ޿ϣЬ߱ߴްϣҳȥǲǡ
ˡ
ɽһδ顣
ųǳˡ
ϵɫͬʱͱˣиɽԵˣһҹδʲôˡ
Ŀ򿪷߳ȥҲѸ
ȥݵţүӺ̫̫ȥš
⣬޵еϱɫɷף˻ţ۵ľſ־壬ͷϺͼͷһ˪֪˶òš
˿ϸһͨһ͹ˡ
ӣޣȾҼһޡӸͷˣ
𼱣ôһ¶̫䣬˵һסϸˣԺ
ϴӷ߹ȥסϱϱһץסϵĸ첲Ŀϣû˵Ѿɩӡء
±£µġϼ뱧ϱ˷ݡ
𣿡öݵš
̫̫ߺߣʲô²ܵȵ˵ҪΣôܳʲô¶ܸ˲ɡ
ˣϽģҰ޿㴩ϣ˽˵үü
̫̫үһۣүӵĻ޿㣬ֽӸǺãſź˽
ޡҼһɽ˵ȥԣڻû캰ȥң¡¡
ү͵ĴӴǣ˿ڣ˲۳һȴ˲ˣϸˣʮ嶼ûأ˭ǽɽˣôѩѩûأǡôɽǲҪ𣿡
쵽ڻûò˰ɣ̫̫ͻȻڵ˵Ұ޻ʳģ޻᲻ᡭ
ү۵ɹȥұ죡
ϸϥһڵأŵذޣҵθް˵ȥҪȥϱɶǳ԰ûɶǲ
ˣȱˣѻ׼ȥԵĵص˵һ£˵˻ȥɽˡүԹһ˲ʡģȴҲ֪Ҫҵˡ
ҵˣʲô˵
Ҫǳʲô¶ǡ
ʲô˵ˡ
ϸ˿޵ļȥүӵĻĨһϵᣬʵĽӰԼ˵Щظһ飬˵ʱүɫ̫̫Ҳһ
𣬹˼壬ϻûɽ
үŴͷĵ񻨣ЩҪƿڴ
æȥǴԻ˶һȥȫ
үӵͷ
첽ݣ˵˾䣬˼ţʼҰˡ
Ǽһ޽ɽһҹδ飬Ƕһ˺ܿռҴǰˡ


75 򲻹һܵ

ն磬զ£Լɽˣ
ѩû⺢ǲȱ۶ôΣզܽɽأ
һҹûҿ
ͷͲ˵ļ黰
ⲻż˵ǼҿɾֻлһŸӣҪǳ˺ôϱǲǡ
㰡Խ˵ԽˡôõĺӣСɽϳģµģ
Զԣ࣬µġ
ն˵ôһ¶ն磬˵
ŴһվǰӸϱҼң˵Թ緹ʱɽΪй涨ڲýɽ͵ŴһǱƵɽϵġ
˷׷׵
һ²£ֻһȴƽʱɽԶһЩֱ£˼ɵҲһ£Ǵһ·ǾԵĵطؾһط

⺢ӣⲻǺ𣡡
ǲҪ˰
ⶼһһҹˣûص𣿡
ɲǣǿǻϻûĵط˯ļڣϻҲСҪϻǡ
ɾĻزˣ
˾ıɫӣ׷⡣
˵ɫһ飬̧ѹѹֹס˵ĵۣȥһޣƱҪȥ𣬴һвԸȥĿȥǲǿ󡣡
Ļ䣬սս˳ߵߣսЦļͷүһݡ
áЦŵͷЩԸһɽһ޵ģ
µһѣʼ
Ǹȥҿɲȥǻһɶ¿զ죿ڶҡһǲȥˡ
ˣܲе˵ӣô˵Ҳǿųĺӣ¶Ϲȥ
ϸⲻǹȥȥ¶Ҫ£զ˵ǲȥ˵꣬Щҿ˿ЩʹͷǶ
˵ĵһۣŶһȥˡ
ʮկǿɽɽˮˮĴӣ඼мִԵı£СɽϳģɽֵηЩˡ
Щ˹ȻɽѰˣȻҲ
ûٶȰ˻ؼüһڴһɽԼתүӰ˵ˣضù
ľȼڴſڳʱˣ֪˽ɽһҹδԼҵҪӽɽѰʱһɿĴѡ
ʢҸȥ
ľȣȥ
ҵҡ
޽Եɵɵۣסȣ޽ҲҪȥ
ЦãŮԼϱͷرѣ޽Թ˯ȵ޽ơ
ͻС
޽СԴĲ˼£ͷһ˯˹ȥ
ĵĶӺŮЦģ԰ȫΪأᡭ
ҪһȥһˣҲġľǰһն
ʢҵͷ
ϴ߽üͷ̾һˣˣ滹˵أ˶Ͻߡ
ϽõͷȺģ·ϵӣսҲȥɣǵʱ߽һЩ͸Ͻá
ȻĿĵȴȼ١
ͷһСĵġ
һְ̧죬ϲڵĻҳ֣߰ɡ
̧žҪţľ˳˷ϵñӺͳޣžҪһȥ
Ƚסʲô
һȥҵṦܺõġ
ҡͷɵľܾŮ飬Уϻ̫Σˣ㲻ȥ
ľͼϲΪߴߡ
ľתת飬Ҹ歱սɽ˵ģЩɽ˶ҵĶ֣һһֻϻ˵򲻹һҵṦүһֽ̳ģ歱˵ҵṦˣǲǣҵ
ľ˵ţʢҵͬˡ
ʢҵһۣһͷ
ҸŵһȥɣṦãϻҿԴŵĿһ
Ů˵ļϻֻèƵģĿһ
ֺֺЦ
ʢյõæڰǻǰȽṦǵү洫ģһ׷
ɫЩɶһɣڨڨЦȽĻúڼҴţůѩˣٴɽ
˵ţȥˣٲ߾Ҫôһõˡ
Сĵں׷䣬ĺ˾䡣
һԺ˳ȥ
üһԼݼ
ľ߬ų޳ʢҵЦЦ
ҵ˴첲㣬Цĺˡ
ľˣҪǰһʱ䡣
ʢЩĵȽҪ㻹Ǳȥˣ𡭡̫Σˡ
ΣգҲҪȥϴ͵ɽϷ£Ҳ롭ľЦЦģ򲻹һܵġ
˵գ̽ͷݵķ˿û˲ſٳӣŲɵıԺǰ죬ȥˡ
֪ľȸȥɽʱˡ


76 ¶ĸ

⺢ôɽϿϻģһ˿ô졭ǰ·𿴵ϻһ˹ȥľȵĻ棬һЩԵڵء
ʢۼϵ׵ˣҡεæַסȽṦأүҲȽṦ١
ǰˣءҵҲڰοϣ˵˵ˣ򲻹ܡ
ϻϵȻθߣϸ
ʢбԽԽҵҵһۣҵӣЦŸĿڣˣ˵Ṧãʱܵģ˵ʮկѾܾûϻûˣôõ
ֱֵ˵ĿڸϷ׵ɫȴûаֻ͡
պıѣšüͷܲ˵ĴӴ˯۾һ䣬ôˣ˭ĵǴѩɽϻ𡭡
죡ҵһ۵ɹȥ㲻˵û˵ưͣ
᲻˵
ûﵣĵһֱ𣿻˵Ļ̼
պ˸ǷҵŬŬӣĺһץס¸˱ӣ˵Ͳ˵컹û͸أ˯һһҳԷ
ɽǶĵĸʲôƵģĽȻʲô¶ûƵ˯ҵֻĿڶµûţݺݵĿպ˯ͨСۣһֺ֮ݺݵı𿪡
޽Ӵײײ˱סϵȣһ˫ںˮ۾ġŲ¡
˵꣬ϲţصĵͷ
򴽣СŮŮߵ߽ȥ±ӣ컹磬޽˯һ
޽ɵĵͷСִӱͳϵֱ㶼úõġ
򴽳һĨЦã㶼úõĻ
޽ЦĽͷѡ
º˯Ůվ˯պС˵ģüͷԾ塣
Īһɲĸо
ôС޽֪Լĵ㣬Ľ
Դºģ˵Щ˾ĵĻ
⺢ӡôһ¶
϶ҵģզ£ݶҪˣô緹ģ
Ժ̫̫źްˣֶӸˣһЩͷؽĸо


77 ˭

̾һպ쵽ĸ첲Żرȥ˯ų˷䡣
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ҷ˻𣬲ġϳ̧̫̫ݣֻͷ̫̫ˣļµˣҼǵǻ˲ټһȥȽԡ
̫̫һ类˽ʮֲˬǸܲģȻҪѻԼ׶ϱٻӵӣ϶̡ˮһģԣһ㸺ûС
ë˵ˣǲߡ
̫̫жӵһ˽֮ȻˣǶǷ̫̫ʲô
ԣֻҪϹȥ̫̫˵ĻͲ
˵ʱǸĶϵίˡ
ϾЦںլ˶ˣ̫̫ϲ̨СֶζƵģˣҿǼƽִģ
Цˡ
ͬģôЩȻҲЩǮϵĿӴֻȥǷľȵ£϶̫̫̬Ȼô
룬ǰ˵תʹ̫̫ʹ̫̫һٶַ̫̫
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һŰӣһܵӵТŶûС
򴽣һĨĳ̫̫֮ӦҪʱ˵ļÿһȽԣֱͷϵȫΪֹûмǴɣ
̫̫µɫʮѿŻ˵ʲôʱѾޱɨһۣû˵˾䣬ﲻ˵ͬˣлл
˵ֹ̧꣬š
̫̫ӶҪɳˡ
ɷɽѰˣŮ뵽Ůȥ𣬿ܻϻϵľֹסĲ
ܲãûӦˣ˭
һѻ𣬽ͺõķžĶСţߦԲǰ֧СԲˣĻŵ£ʼӡ
ϰıɫƣƤľǰԵġ
ʶľͿһı
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ЦЦ˵˾ɩתȥݰ̫̫ˡ
̫̫һӿݣҲûֱߵĨǼϱߣϱԵ㶫ɡ
ɩ˫ͨ죬ˮݸɵĨѣлһӵݸߵĶϱҲԣһϱԣźӡ
̫̫ϲԼԸ˼ĳʳˣϸղű˵ǿ˲ˣһ϶ҵģһûأʲôʱֵˣ


78 ϴҵģĸˣ

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ϱһЦϣվŶӻһ񣬡ллɩӡɩӣ鷳ˣͼȥˣȥȻ޻
һ仰˵ĺˮζȴû˵ЩŤͷȥԼţǻؼҰɣСˡ
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˵⣬Ļ
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ҶҼĽ˼Ҹû꣡
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һ˹ӣͲܰ徲𣿷ҪôǸʲô
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ⶼʲô¶
ĵɱ˵ĶУߺϳ˵
ĵã²òʲôˣôЩӦҲ˼֣Ȼ㣬˵ڱصõ׼ؾ϶Ƕˣô
Ȼ뵽ϺҪ˵ʲôɫʱһ䣬ҧң


79 ô

沶˶һۣĿŭ˪һ˭ҶŮҪ˭ƴļơ
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ˮڣϴһҹʮҪˣС⼸ǳʲô۶ӣԺ󡭡Ҷ۶ɡ
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ô˵ﶼϴ޲ĿĲݵӣպ󣬿ҪʮֵľӦˡ
ͷȥýߣƿʲôʵ˼ңٽҲÿʼ׼ˡмΣ˵꣬ŭĵ󷿵ķ
뵽˴ʮĽҲŭ
ǰ׽ĹϵһΣͬٴ

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һţˣ¿һ飬ȷûº󣬶˵ƨϺݺݳ˼ЬӣӲˣǰɣĻԷ磬߾ǰɣ֪֪ɽϻ֪֪ϻ֪֪ϻ˵ġǰɣ
˵˵ţϵ۾ȻˣɳƵţҪ
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Ҵˡ㿴ң㿴ңû£Һúõģûϻϻڻϻˡľȱһİš
ЬһûһµĴľȵϣȴڷ
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Ľҵͺһպġ
պľ죬ĺһҸɶֲģûղŻ˵ϻ֪ϻһֱͣ˵ϻ
˵𾢶䲻Ƴľ˫СϽĺıˣӲԾ˸飬ʶ
ҡҡ˵Ҳ˵ˣҸɶ죬Ž˳ȥ
ҵüͷôˣһ¶
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ȸϻţսǡ̧
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ϡһ̱ڴϣǳˡ
塭ϻֻʣһǼˣս嵣Ǽ̸Ǽܲס̥ͲˡľСĵıܿĳЩۣĸ¶˺Ȼ顣
һϲŻع񣬳̾һôǺãǼҡ
δ˵꣬һЬӶ̧ߣȥһȥǼңȰѻϱס


80 ׷ͺڷ

ľȵͷһϻŵĿҲ
Ҹһȥ
㡭Ů£ʬ度£ɻųھͷӦȽǼʬģ뵽ʱɩչ˲ʱȽȥæһҲá
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ĸŮһǰһռԺӣ·ս˼Ǽҡ
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ϱȥսģϳӣɩ֪޸ãڻûˣģΪﻹûĺӣɩȰһ䣬Ҫˡ
ϱĺǻ޵ģǼΨһϣˣʧսҲһԿ⡣
ϱĿңȴ޲̧ͷãĿսɩ˵úõһˣզ˵ûûˣߵʱ򻹸˵ҪϺӡɶҲϡҾϡզͶҸСء
սһۣǱˡ
ϱûЪ˹ľҪˣŶӰڶݵĴϣŻȥš
ϱ̫ƽľЩģ˵ˣ￴ţȥС塣
СܿǼ˼룬ǼðŷӦƵģӴܵԺڣŶӺޡ
ްĻްզĶϱͺӰТİ׷ͺڷˡ
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С峤̾һֿ˻ϱмɴ󱯴ϲϢ˼ǡ
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͡
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Ҧûеķ̣ΪڿԼŶתһȦЦеĵҲúÿɩǸϽ߰ɣ˻ȥ緹
֣εĳɻСãϵƳһۣʹ˸ɫ
ᣬбҦһۣгЦǲɣģû׼ռСõĳռСȥҪгˡǸϽɣ̫̫̫̫ڼȵļżСүء
ףǾ߰ɡ
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
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̫̫üȥͲȥˣڼһչ
ͷӳԺҪһźҪԲˡ
ҦƲɣҲҪ㺰ɩչ˵


81 ʮ忴

Ԭϸպӽ⻰һŹֵ¿Ҧƣ̫̫ˣ˭ҶϱҪȥź򹫹ԺС˵⻰ҲĻţɶˣ˵⡭
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˴Сÿɾʮˣ˵ˣҲý֪˲˵¡ԬƲȥݣһҪߡ
ҦһץסԼ߳ǵģҸȥ֡
Ԭۼֿ죬һק˹ƿӾͳݣ߱һ䣬ϱź򹫵ĳǲҪ
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һ̫̫Ԭϻ泩̾һ˺ɰЦеİ֣СС¡
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Ҧһ磬緹Ҳûԣͷڴϣ̫̫ҪźүӻҪŮŲմء
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ȽĽ޽
ҵ޽ʶ֣Ϥ޽˳ȥ˾ˣ硭
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ȥϿơúͶ÷أĽأЦˬʡ
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ȥѰǼ˾˴ȥϿƣ˵˴˼װƣھ˴˻˵ѾʼϹҵˣϷ̨Ҳ˼ѵһΣҲȥ۽硭
ҵ۾ģģ
Ц˾˻ƭǲɣ
ҵһ´῵ϻȥҵ
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ľȥˮˮݣϽţһ˵պģҵɫǲÿ
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ľЦЦֻ֪
ҲǼüȥϿƣһ棬һһЩȷʵ̫ѹ֣ȥɢɢҲǺõġ
Щǵɨݣ̻⣬Цŵȥ˵
סԲڴǶȥﲻúȥڼ
ԣ˾˵ȥүӣҡ
´޽ݸȥݣ֪ү˵ʲôһЦŻգգۣˣϽʰʰˣҪסھ֣ȥźãʱͲˡ
Цݣתʰ˶ţһԺӣ˳
Ҧƴ̫̫Ŀ֪Ҳȥʱ̫̫Ĵаɡ


82 ջ

ööĽ˽ˮʱʱĩῸӴһȹȥھ֣ͣھԺڣѰ˰æʰɾķ䣬ŴһϽ֡
ֵĽϣƹֺǺǵָӻƵԼҵǰĵֵĸ߿գ˴ӽֵͷߵֻ㼯ĸ¥ϣ߸߹ŵѵ˵ƣĵ£Ʈһһ
޽ںڹԲĴ۾С첻ʱľ̾
˾ˣЩÿ껹𣿡պģ῵ʡ
ΌЦߴٵߣүǶǰľɸǣһ˵ƻʱÿ
һ˿첽ȥ˾ɸүӺ̫̫ȻѾȵˣ˶Ѿã͵ǵ˿ʼϲˣһЦǺǵı߳Ա˵һٷ꣬ͻȻ˺ļҳаĵջῪʼˣ˵һĲͷҿȥְ
һļٵģ
٣˼ҰǼֻǧӣһĲͷʲô
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һסľȵĸ첲ЦųߣȽǿߣ˵ܵü֬ˮۡ
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ĸںעⰲȫ
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˳һֻ֣ŵĿյϿѹ̬Ļƣÿһյŵա
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ľȴ׷˷
ԱиĴЦ


83 

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ģϱ飬ȴܴЦǸˬˡ
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ι
ֱˡžһ´䡣
һѽľק֧ĸСһţһ˫Ŀ˵ɣʲôͽӣ
ͽʲôܳ𣿡ɳľգգ۾üͷšһľʧЦ
死˻ȭͷЦһܳԣҪҪһͽӵѪʲôζ
ɰһľŴСʵСѾͷСүɴˣɵø𡭡
ۿҪߣľæסɶ˸ʿɶֹɿϧʼ硣
ľתߣȥ𴦡
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󼲲ѰͬһҪĻһģĽתΪĵĿ⣬ܾûһˣ䳶ߡ
굽ȥˣСүҲ㱻˹ߡ
Χ۵ǣղĸҪ˵Ҫ˵ģ
ү
ѽղǸү
ǿϧүôõˣȻһôѡ
˭˵ǣƸղ˳ģģ˵ĻӴ
ҸտϷ˼ҹţ˾˲Ų


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˿һ֣˷׷ȥתļҵĻϡ
ߣľһͷ˺ûԶ㱻ŵһڣǡһϮĴѰ˵Ҷ
歸߾֣У磡
öˣЦݣüҼĵɢȥһЦɶˣôһǽų̵ǿ졭
磬㲻֪ҸȽղʲô߹ȥҪ״ľᳶһѣЦŽӹ磬Һ歱ղſ̨ϰڷһͷǰ׻ӡ
ЩȻĿľһۣЩȽΪʲôǸŵͽӣϸһ־Ƚ϶¶絣ǲ²˵ͻһЦЦŴյԣѽȥµ£һĲͷأöö뿴Ӵٺ١
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δ䣬ǰִչһգ۵ȻǸղŻڿľȡ
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˵ţüģЦ־ڱصãǻʲôμӲµȥ
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Ӻܿȥļҹڸ̨֮µտʼʱΧŲµյˡ
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һкá
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վڸͨάļҶ߳ժ¹ڵĻƣӻһֽ˳˽䲽ɽʾһ


85 Ծ

ĸҶ䣬ȺоͱһҵЦ˼ĽкյǶ֪
֪ô򵥣Ҳȥմˡ
˷ܵĳקסȥдյ׵ͷЦ磬
һۣߵһ̧°бۿȥСˣյǹ껹ڳԣǸĶ԰ɣ
˵ţñǰŬŬߺߵĿ
ͷͦȥɡ
ľ̲סЦˡ
歲ŲЦģȥдյ׽ǼҶҶЦų˵ͷϲλյ׶ˣһ⡣
ûǰҶЦŹյף˽䲽ɽʾһյǣ㡣ϲдԵףڶ⡣ǣʮˣʮˣ󿴰ʮˣҿʮˣϸһ꣬һ仨ʾйء
һֿ֪ʼֺǽкҶǰ˶˵յס
ľȿ正死ӣգգۣƬ̣صһţЦ硭
Ц֪ȥɡ
歵ĳľüľ˳歱
йص⣬´ɣȻȫȫء
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86 ԽԽ

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88 ޽˱

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90 ϳ

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91 ҵĺ

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һ̣Ķ䣬ֱײԶĺϣεĶ档


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̵ֳָģǣ̳Ȩģ˭˵壬Ϲˡүοӵ
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ϼǰķ֣ЦŵԼҹ⣬鷳鷳ģ˵ҽһǽ̣ĸҲǽ̡
ɲǣһֻǷţһȺҲǷţҪ˵ѧûɶáԬһǲףҪǴʱѧʲôɶһһ첻Ųƨɲ˵ģð˸
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ͼľȽãԺҪٵģҪ̫̫ģΪ̫̫һиŮĴҪͻݣǫѷ˳ТĸƴֵܽãŮﱲģôϹ̫̫ݣôĽһӽ㡭
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պϵĻԺȴֳľȴʱ˫û¶ûиӣȻ˸顣

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ɽһİۣӺɷսҵڹ뷿飬߲ߣ
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Ⱥɢûþͻˡ
߸˵Ǯǵɪһ¼˲ӣ˭֪һžͲ˲Ծôǣ
ҵҵĽľ˵һ飬类֧ʹȥ񣬻ʱЩ˶ɢˣǴӸڵܼСϱ֪ġ
ֵĶֱȥľסûȥ
꣬šˮϣˣ
صͷ
̾һĿǸĿľȣ뿪˵ʲôű͵ƿ̽һԴҦƲͷĳ磬㡣
˵꣬תߣҲء
üͷȥ
ЩĵĿ
˳ǣЦȴûЦɹģ֪ô


97 ͷһ

˶ݣүɫѿڴͷڣϱ˵Ҫף¶ô
ⲻϱģҾõģƷУһǷǵ½᲻ã
˻˵˻ʱԸϱժ
Ļشүѿɫ˼֣ʲôˣ²ˣ
Ϊʲôˣ
΢üͷȻܲµү˵׵ԭ򣬵ǻһ˿ϣ
үעҪʧˡ
˵ΪʲôˣСţʮ˴Ψһһүо˵үүүһɸ֡ĿһүŮԺʲô¶˳˳ˮģʱС΢£Ǽʮկʮ˴嶼˵ϻô꣬ôǳԵĵ𣿡
׵ĹâһԳһЦʮկѾ˵ϻˡ
֪ƨѾϢٸǱѾ׼Ѵǹٸˣ֪졭
̧˽үӣһǿСƷв䣬ܹѸǷεĿȽȽף˿Ϊ֤ʹЩ˵ĭӶŮżȽôܼޣ޹ȥǻһӵҸ𣿣
Ҹһٻѵ˭Ų˭ҶϱģϱѾͷж󡭡
ϱ޸ңί°뱲ӻᲹȽУҲΪǿһӣҸ÷ļϵı͸õõģף˶ˣ
ûһΰѻ˵ôֱףͲָүӵı˵Ҫʮ˴嶼˵ϻԼȥŬŮһȥʲô
үӹȻǾ䡮ΪǿһӡĻˣһץͷԲϷŵĺˮĴ״룬ĳ˹ȥ
û뵽үӻᶯ֣ʶĲͷҪ㣬ͻȻ뵽ʲôָ˻ȥ״ôֱֱŶϣˡһˤڵ˸顣
ͷѪڴ״ڵˤ˲̼ģߣ̧һĨһ϶մѪ
үһܻ㡭զ㣡
ӲĻҪȽףô򣡵¶ûûҾͻȥˣһˣҵûȥţܹѸ۸æӵĶûУ
˵գɨүһۣתˡ
үЩѪָıӰָͷڶð֣ˣ
ˣȴͷҲûء
صͷѪϵ۾̾ͺˣľһҵȥС塣
޽ʵĿޣʢһ˫Ҳˡ
û¶ˣʵһ㶼ۡЩ֪Ŀϣ޽ԼӸϲĿľȡ
ľޱı޽˳ĺ󱳣޵ĴһöſڣΪʲô㣿
ֻ㲻ȥ
Цľһǹģ
Ŀҿɨؿļߣŵһѳȥסϣ÷÷侲侲嶯嶯ĲҪһһۣ
Լ㰮ôôڣҲˣͷҴ๫̲ˣŤۿҪѿ
ͷãһڵϣУӣҵͷۣҿôѪǲǿҪˡ
ľȣ
ǿǺ¶ͷǲе٣
ﲻ֪ɷ˼һڣһãһ߶ĿڵɬˣëϵѪ
˳ڵϣͰ͵Ŀϡ
۵ıӷᣬҪ𣿡
ҡͷⲻүӴôһ£ͲٹǸ׵𣿡
ľͬʱһ
С弱Ҵ˶˿ڣ̲סƿڴϲĶԽԽȥôͷңôһȥҲŶʲôо
̴Ů׵ӣһǱΪ顭
εһţ뿪ȴСסТģͦһˣôôɵ㶵ǵģң
ǺǸЦ
ǳ˵ʲôʲô
ҩϣϿţôͷ۵ëһȥ˶ݡ
ھһ䣬ͷôд
ͷü
ԭ㲻֪̽㣬ء
ˣ˵¶ģүû˻ȥǲ϶ģʧִһ£զģ㻹
Ҵ㣬㵽ʱʮկ֪϶Т˳㣬ĭӻðǶˣ
С峰бүһۣǽдֵġ
ọ̀һдû¸ϽߡүӲͷˡ
СȴЦԭдְһ㲻дء
˭˵Ҳд
Ҫǻд֣ôŮ¶Ҫϣѵϲߣ
үһ㶣Ӧһǵͨ죬ָЦеС壬㡭֪ɶСǸţţ
Ŷԭ㻹Ľ٣̰ͼ󡭡
޹ȥֲң
Լ޹ȥ
㡭ֱ
㡭ֱǲɾҩ
Ҽңҹ
ƫбҧҰ
㡭ۣ
үͷ³һѪᵹڴϡ
̫̫үֻʣһģŵʧУ춼˽һүӵģסˡ
ĵĿС塣
СЦеİ֣û¶ͷ˼̫أЩģ³Ѫس죬źõĿ졣ˣøȥ
˵գʩʩȻˡ
үҲˡ
̫̫˹ȥͷӣоզ
үӳĳһ˵ؿڻ̹˲٣˵Լû£뵽ղСŵģǺ޵弸˺ɶӹ
һ֪û¶תˡ
һۣҲˡ
ԬƲƲ죬קԼ˽˳ȥ

ҡ
ϲҸռҪ׵£綼ЩĶԼЬӡ
ȴû뵽ߣ˿ȲŶˡ
硣
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պ˷ܵĵͷܹȥķ䡣
˶ߵſֶס˽ŲռҪ׵ʮկ֪ˣҲ˶ã˵պĸԼӡ
ͨһ㣬˻ȥڵǱߵĶ
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պľͽռҷϸϸ˵һ顣
꣬ͷͻͻҪʲô뺦
ȻȥҶӣ²ˣ
պһ㶣Ѿߵݣæܹȥס磬㲻ǲϲײǸ𣿡
Ľ
һľڻǸţûϾ˾ף֪֪ӰжҸ˵ٴˣ㻹һɿ˵
պ˺һίĺ۾ҡûУֻá
ˣȻȥҼҵ²Ҫ˷֣һȥһռңʲôʲôҪܣɫͷ֪ΪҺãΪۣЩá
ָĻպĵһȸԾͷҶġ
Ŀպ뿪ϣ˿ڣɡ
ЩĴ˴֣ſţλӣҡ
Ҹղ˵Ļﶼˣ
ϵͷ
֪֪ôẦҶ
ǿС㣬ȴüȥġ
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Ȼ㵱ҪϺɵĵͷȴЩԥ˵Сˡ
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Ҫ̫̫ԺͲҪȥľȵ£ʲô͸ʲôҿо˵Ϲ֮ǰȥܣ
͵Ҳܣš
˫ȻһЩĿϣҧ˵ʲô͸ʲôҿо˵Ϲ֮ǰܣ
ϵһμŵЭúúãﲻܣԺ󶼲ˣ˵㵱Ϲ֮󣬰ˡ
ߡ
׷ȥӣҧҪ׵ģȥզ죿
зӣҪȥͲҪ˵Ȼʵڼ
ԣס˽ŲԥƬ̣˼ɲٱ÷Ƕˡ

ΪдϷͳ۵ռſڡ
ʱռſѾΧˮйͨ
ţĵ׺ݺһ
һһŵĸ˴к˶̾˵ϧ̯ô׵
ռԺӣһ˵ӣͨһȥ
뾪
ǿү̫үֻҾ¹ġ
Ȼƽͷչˡ
ĬܿĹ֮
ʲôôǿܲ𡣡
üͷһ̧ͷ壬ӣ˻˵ѾˣǱ˹ƻˣѾ֪ˣֻûӡ壬ӣǿźسģƽʲôǶ֪ģһҵĴزԭҡҸöôãѾҵӣΪһǶǲ׽Ӱ¾ͻõף壬ӣţҿ֤
Χ˼˵УЩţô֤
Ҿ͹˵ùͣҾ͹ãǸмĿǿڵĴһۣҲԶ췢ģֻһỳף֮ԡ
Զҷʱһѷת˷
ն磬֪ˣ˵¶ܹѸģôذɣ
µŵҲ綼һģиԼɷҪġ
԰ϱôĥϹģ׻ǲҪ˰ɡ
ǾǣǧԵһǣôõˣŵҲҡ
ն磬նɩҪ̫ˡ

΢ӣһ
ȴĻɣȻŭܹѸܻŮǿҪ£ﵹ˵ɡ
Цźϡ࣬ǼѾͷǺúõѾȥˣ˵ǷţŮԿ
ɫ࣬ؿڶµĴǡ
Ƚ˵ҪΪЩֻԼ뿴ģЩ˵ʲôĺףͲӲ
ɩǲҪΪѶˣȷʵҲԣӦõģһ򵽶ԭҲ׵ġԴʿУһϣĿϣ壬ӣдӴʲôҪؾ޶
ǶռҶ̫ˣ˼Ŷˣ̬Ȼôãǻʲôģ
ϵĿⶼЩˡ
ľĺЦɫתףüͷһ壬첽˳ȥ
۾һȽҪңҴûлɹġ
ľȿûֱߵ߷סϣΪֵ
۾ͨ죬Ƚ
ľȳһЦ̧ͷɨһȦʹĴǳǳһЦҾãǸһΣ
Ƿ׷ЦŽӻȻһΡ
ľģûһ˿鲨ϵЦȴûб䣬ḧĽĸ첲ʳڶ⣬ҪԺΪ˸߹ٺ»Ҫףô죿
һ㶡


98 ̼

˾ʹЦǲܡ
ľȵĿǸ˵ˣλܴ֤ʱ£Σ
⿴ŵ¶˭ܱ֤ˣ
һҭȻı졣
ֲ¶ϱЦ˵ľȣѾͷǰҼǺˣû޹ȥȰżҵܻˡ
ĳǹڵġ
ǰϹôõˣǧС㶼ȢƫռѾͷĥˣӴ
ѹܹѸ˵ޣľ治ϡ
ǵʱҪףλɩⱻ˵껪𣿡ľʼձ޵Цݣڷʡ
Ǽ˱⻰һ£ɫʮѿûһԼżң𣿡
λӼȻԸ⣬Ϊʲô˵ǼǺҰܻǼ
Ѿͷ㣡һܻһڡ
Ŷԭλ֪Լռģȴ˵ĻĨҡľɫһżֺλѵ֪ԿηĭӶˣҲһһڻ鵱ΣλӾ˵ҺĳĥţޣȥôңܲסЩ벻ϵɱˣһغˣλӵΣ
˵ļɱ
ֻͼһʹϱһǣӶ˸飬ϰϵĽУѾͷɱŻǽǼⲻǺúõͳסˡ
ԣΪڻţǳסˣҪҪڽļҴſȥ
ľǰһ
ŵɫһףֱˡ
ѾͷǾ˵˵˵˵桭
Ҳ棿λﲻôҵģôҵģ⻰ܵô˵˵һΣ˵ڶΣΣڿ𣬻ǣһҵҪǸܻˣǸͷƵĻȥʱ˭Ϊֹһֻ·һ
ɺһ˫ӣʡ
˵ұ棬ܵĻΪʲôҪ˵ô˶ǴСҳģǸʲôǲô˵ĻǾҪ𣿸ڴǸôǲ֪ƽչزĵµɽã˵£з⣬Լұɩһʱһѣһ˼ұɩûǴž˵ﲻ㱳δ͵ӣ˼ұɩͣǶţ϶ﲻ֪߳ˮȰз¡Ƶϵɱزĵһغ˼Ҽǲ֪͵ڵһ˵δ͵ӵĸ˼ſڣǲ˵Щ쳤ĸ˶ıʲôǸЩʲôҸǣҪ汻ǱˣǾɱ֣ҲŹЩڼʼ۸һСŮӰܻҵˣ
ľȿЩˣǿͷһ˫۾ˮҧ޺޵ĿЩˣҪʱȥ
ǼȻסˣðûл
ҲľȵķӦסˣôˣȻš
ϱŵıľȣͣ˳ĺ󱳣Ƚ£Ƚ¡أأﲻ۸ģġ
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ҡĵģҾ˵˵ȿڵĸɫŽͣľһ޿ı飬æַģѾͷӸղŶǺ˵ģҿųģ֪ǸúӣԺĻӴҲ˵ˣǧҪ벻
ǧҪǼҴſȥ
༸Ҳ׷ױʾǾͼһˬ죬ûлľ˼ЩʻԺҲԲ˵һģ˵˵Ǿڹ˵
ľȱͷһ͸ĵģ˲֪Ŀţ˺õĻοһʱ侹ȫľȴСĺ£ϴһЦ֪̫̫İ
ľｫѾȲʤȯľŤתһ棬üͷɫ
һʱͻȻӦ˳µġ
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ȻزѲ˾˵ˣʸ֮ģҪеĺ̫أصԻĽǰ̡
ĲҲҶģ
һ͵ʴ׵ĸо
ϥмľȽ£ͷȽ壬ҴûлɹףңҾԲṼ㣬ҲԲΪʲô߹ٺ»ڻģδޣⱲӣ㣬˭Ȣ
ľȾĿնûн࣬ûг
һƺð죬ӽӲʹЦݽĿҪάֲסȴҶ
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֪˶ãľ˵ͷãһΡ
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ŷһϲõĹâϵЦݿŵ˼¡
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ûмǴĻڿǰһ£һѣǰ̾ٵ£
ȻѶ֮ڣǾ͸̼ģĸ˳һЩ
ˣŵûǳŵһ

¹󣬴˿ռҶ˶ЩСζߡ
Ц
ȴΪ⣬ڮŮûѾǺõģ˵ŶûУ
үֵ֪̫Ҳû˵ʲôֻǿ޵ɫѿίȥʱɴһȥ
̫̫˵ϲТ˳ȥûϱҪź򹫵ģҪȥЩ˶ϱȥ˵˵
̫̫ͷۡۡζۻۡ
ľװ˼պĿָ˹Ϻҵʢѧ
ʢ˵Զ鲻Ȥ⹫˾ѧ䣬ԺɱУҵ
̳ԣȴһβӣԶӵľʾ֧֣ǼĳӣԺҪ뷨ܺãȥ⹫˾˺úѧ䣬㽨ҵ
ʢ۾һ
磡ϼ
̾һӣ÷ǻϵģȽҪ˵ģʢҵԺǲȽԺô죿
ϲ˵ˡ
𣿡
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ҵѧǺġ
Ϊǰ˵ѧ£˾ھ֣ҲмѰһ˵ţĲɺܺãʱμʮξˣΪԣмְǡ
˵ˣʱÑͿֱӽȥ顣
˭֪ȴ˱ʡ


99 Сڵҵһ

ľ˵ֵܽѧ֮ÿս޽ʱ򶼻ҵʢҵѧѶֿڵľӣľֻҪͨ׵ĸһ飬׸߰˰ˣ־ټЩǳԵ飬ҵֻ˲ʱ䣬ܵ
ԣʢžԼǶǿϣȻܻܵ飬ȥ䣡ѧ˾Ͷˡ
ʱֵֻҪһܻãö˸⿴ᣡ
磬սյġ
ʢͦظЦ粻¡
硭
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ǰһֱڼңûжȥ뷨֪һܹѸڮ׵ˡ
ʢƿõ׵˴˿ڻ𣿡
ľҡͷˡ
ʢͣЦԡ
硭
ľʧЦǰ޽һ
ȴʢЦݣһ֣صĶȽ£úø⹫ʹ˾ˡľ˾ѧģȸ缸꣬ʱһŹޣСӵ˹٣ҲǼҸҶ㲻ã
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ľһűǼһᣬĵʲôڿȼռ̶ƴﲻ֪ʲôʱˮ뿪˵ʲôһȴʵĻɾ䡣
硭Сܡ
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ӵ֣ǳˡ
ϵ˵ͷɨվԶԶպġ
պĴͷʱʱ͵ۣ죬ԼҴǶ̫ˣǽãҲûôԼãһֻ㣬ᣡ
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ҡҡͷ̾һ
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һ۵˹ȥ̸ĿڣƢС£֮ĲУ⺢ӵúúụ̀ܽ
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Ϸһۣˡ

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ЦŵлӸɼθǮһ˸߸˵ĳš
սսһ֪ģ⽫ţˢϴˣһ˹ЦŽţϳ
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˵ѧãһԿԺӣмѧס᷿ڿεĽҡ
ԺУشЩƫƧȴʤ徲ѧȷʵٺò
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үһźɫۣʮµ߹ϴ˾˵ĻĸҪѧ
š
˾ΣĶӵļͷһѣȥɡ
ҵӦһ߳վҡ
ſһۣ𣿡
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ү⺢ǲаüͷбҵһۣҡҡͷĺӶİټɼǸûʲôʵģԺҲʲôϢѧ˷ӰˣȰһ䣬Ǹ⺢ıһ·ɣʮУŴһ׬Ǯ飬⺢ӻ˰ɡλûµĻذɣ໹пΡ
ľȵɫһ
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ҵȴѾٴο˿ڣһΣޱȣǮ֣īΣ갮١Ըټա
ӿʼûһͣ٣ɴ࣬ٴ죬һǳɡ
꣬ҵ˺һվľߣЩǿĿš
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˾ˡ϶һ˾˱ȭү
İ˰֣Ҫҵط緹ɣҸɽ˺ܶ࣬Բꡭ
лүǡ˾뿪ھܾľͻȻ˳½ǣȻ̧ͷԶһЦãǾ߶ˡ
˰֣ЦŲţ˶Է֡
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ġľЦеĿڡ
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ļǵã˽ʿϲٳǹ٣ϱ;˼ѧֻ㲦һ⾰ȴ˳Ĺϣ
ҵܰݵ£Ժγûнǰ̣
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ļ̌쳣ͷ
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100 ˰ʦ

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࿴һۣԥȽ᲻̫鷳ү͹˹ӣ
ģҵ˳˴Ϊʦ飬ľЦŰˡ
ҵüͷʣ㣬λ𣿡
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ңһһʿĲܼңһһʿĴ޼ңǴ޼ҵڶʿ
ҵ۾͵һ
𣿡
ҵͷ㵽һЩɣҿ𣿡
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ҵ˲˺ôЦ
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ɽбһۣҸģôţ
ƲƲ죬ͷ˻˵㵹Ѵ󻰸˵ˣͣҲ
ǾҪСѾͷıˡ
ɽɨһͣĿůܵ˵ľȣ뵽ʱһ˶ҡҡͷ
СѾͷܻͦࡣ
ŹɽҧŶ䣬ϴҴҸԶľһңӹȣ漴ߵɽߣӻͳһŵݹȥүţ˵СѶˮүչ˺á
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źŷϣô¶ģôҪϢڻûЩүǹߵģ
죬ΪԼҴ䣬־ôʵѿıͱԸܷӽ
Լȥʮ´ΣͲøˡɽһţ㣬ΪҴǳɽˮģ
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ź룬¶֮ɫҵ䣬𣬡ĸȡֵܲʣΣ
ҵȻĿŴߴ
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ҵĬһͷҲҪѣҲôıīֽ⣬һѧãӲ࣬Сöⲹӡ
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Ųһ٣ȥ硣
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101 թ󲮣һ

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ٴ˵Ǽ϶ģ˷ţƹİ㵱ʱ˺üȥ֤˵δĸϴ˳Զټªķ˵ģö˶ġ


102 Ҫ׬Ǯˣ

һĭµ˷ϣƨ
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ǱҲûãӵ˿ջҪϵģȻ̫̫ƹҪںլҲ䡣
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ٷ˷Ȱ˼ţҺСӣҵ˶סСΪһһСԺ䣬ݣס᷿һԺﻹһھţǾԸҡ
ڵСӾͻʮһֱСѾͷϴ󷹴ɨ
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ٰ˰֣ߣȥŪȲ
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ϼɫʮѿ¾һͻҵĴˣչȥʲôˣ
ٽѾͷݹȲ裬˼ӵ϶̫Ƕˣ
һ㶣϶
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˵϶ǲ֪ŵ¶ⱨҵģüϡ
ϲΪĿһۣ֪֪ǼĶʲô飬úõĵԻǮ
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СѲլ¶㲻̫̫̫̫أҲֻǻźӣóԺúȵźţԼĿˣûܳ¶
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һ磬ÿݵţȥү˵˽Ҫҵȥ϶£үüһӶҪӣͿһ˽ɽԣԵ𣿡
ЩүͻȻĵһ˿¶ɻЦ˵Եү˵ˣҿ鲻ҲգʢҵһɽѧЩıı£ټǼһʮĶأԺҲš
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ԺӺСֻһݣԺһƬ˵أһЩſſݵֲڵϡ
ǰһϷĶ
ߵǰպôֽ꣬ӹĲ˲ͷĺЦŵĿǹġ
ҵǰĹʩ񣬡ѧǰݼ
˰֣񡣡
ͷԭҲǽģһҷ롯ıŴ
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ȴΪ⣬Цţ㲻Ҫѧôˣ
źһתϣǿҪˣͷס˴ˣҴܣҵǰѺӽɱ׼̳ʲôʱϣҲ̷ˡ
ͬʱ
Ǳ˵бµģҪѧҵµﱻƭˣżڵ
֣ŵǼȻѺӽȻŴΪ˺ѧʶ
뵽ΪһǮǰҵɫԽ䡣
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˵գһίģתͷˡ
һ˿ĺ
ʦϣҵʽͷ˴Сһѧ
˾ʦָһԵҵһʦ֣Խ޿ࡣ
ҵ̹Խʦ֡
Сʦܡ국ĵ˵ͷ
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ԽպټԽ޿ȴ̡
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Ϊ˰λֵ³˲ٵĿмЩһ
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103 ɣһ

ɽǰζǸС̶̵ָʳָѪѪģȥҲۡ
ľȲɽбһۣСצ˻ȥ
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˰飬Ҳ벻ʲôˣйĺһ˻֣ľȣ˵ⷨҪǺõģ˵һɣɶӦõģ
˵һʱǺظ
ľգЩ۾үˬ죬ĲãֻҪһɾ͹ˡ
ϾⷨҲģ˹ʵ̰ģ
ٸ¥ܿӦ츮׬˲Ǯģһ㹻ҵ黨ˡ
ֵĿһЦһǵһμƵģȻһĹ
˵꣬ЦǺǵĴǰľȵһˮģֻҪ¥Ǯ׬׬٣һɡ˵ʲô𣿡
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ҪýĿܵµķ񣬱飬˵ģҪ
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꣬˷ܵأԷһüɽٺЦɽɱ˵Сү׬Ǯ㰡ҪҪҲһӣҲһɰô߹·᲻ݴӴ⾭Ӫӿ㵽ϸµĺܣؼǽˮڻûʲôô¥ģԤУҪǿ϶׬Ǯ
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ָ޳ָԲŷɫĹֱûкڰڣǰǵĵۡ
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ССģѧװʲôɽ֪ʱ̧ľű˸
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ʵڣ̫޴
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ľ߹ȥѧſһȴ򿪵ĴǰЦҶϲ飬˺ܶϡŹֵĶǴЩϿġ
˵꣬۹ɽٵЩĲ֪ЩԷĶһɾģ̰ͼζʲʽܻ̲סԣͬʱϲģٺóپһطҲζһַȻ֮͡ȻǸãЩǳԵĵ׵ġΪô֪ģ
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ľҲͷЦЦũ޶ڵʶķӿǴСͻġ
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ľȱЦˡ
ɽǰ򱱺߱ĸɱܵȻõʵ۵κãɼͷԺֶΡ
һũĹ˵ͷͷǵûбֳһ˿֮̽ģõĵľˡ
ô̹̹ı̽ǰ˿ཻ֮˵̬ȡ

үӶľȵ뷨ǰһ
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ǰռҵ˾֥ߣӹµµģһǸ龫ֵѾͷĺܡͷ
үһⷨʣܾӪһɡҪĲࡣ
ɲ˵ɣҪҡͷ
үŶһ˵ͷ
Ӧˣȥ˼һػɡ
ϣ˵㻰
үӵʲôʱ˵㻰ˣ
תתӣٺЦ첽鷿
˲¥ƼſڴϿĻ棬Ųһ͡
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ү
ľƼɽ΢󿴵⣬˳תͷŽߵһЦˡ
׼һºȲ裬䲻ľ˵һƨϣյİһ
ǻ˵ġ
ƨɣһӣС
лĻӦȣˡ
ֻصоس಻֮УֵӰ䵽ϣѱСƿһĻЦӯӯλ͹٣ʲôҪ
¾ƲŮһүǶҪȾơŶˣ֭źһ˵꣬ŤͷľȣЦŵ˵Ů޳á
СЦŽӻү˵ǣǲ¥û¥ôྫµСԣһʵĲʽܹϳϺʶܹѵã⳴ϺʶǽˮһݶȲ̫̫С㶼ϲԣүҪҪһݶ
ܹϳϺʶʣһݳ˻֣˼ԵĲʽһúţǺһϡ
СЦӦˣϷһ˵ӳŲʽ¥ȥ˺
кľȴЩ
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ѧ׼޽ԵģֱҲûҵ޽ԣƽʱ˶Ƕ˸սԵġ
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һ仰û˵꣬ɽֶ̧˿Żףţ˲һ죬Ƶ˿ź룬ЩԲ۵ƤɷǺÿ
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˹ɽһۣƺصһŵǰԼ
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Ҿ֪˵׬ǮҲĶ˭СĻ˵һ룬ٺЦֹסˡ
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̫̫֮𣬰Ĵųİɺ
αȰοǱ϶ǹģֻһʱҵѧˡ
ˣΪӶӸԺǲΪ˸ȢϱӺﶼԲҪˣ


104 Ⱥ

⻰˵ˣ϶϶ϱˡǶ̫̫˵϶ӲТ˳ǲϲ϶Դӻ¶нӵģûһ¹˵϶ϱǿʮկŵТ˳ϱο϶żˣͷһ׼ϵģǲǣ϶
٣Ҽǵòѧǹг
ҵܸ𣿲ǳӣԺҪ̳мҵģ̫̫ɫһ䣬һ˵³һţҵҲø˳ӳһԼＸ
üͷ˲
үӰ˰֣̫̫˷һۣס˿ڡ
үӵ϶ΪǶã㲻ҪŵΪ㡣һ룬һӶҪԺȣŮļױҪ׼ôӦһˣĻҵɣѧıı¡
Ȳ˵кӶģиǲһгȫǮҵһɺãҲ֪ǼҺӶѡ
ϿүǸװŴһѪЦЦ
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һƬӿϰס֣ҡҡͷ
һ̾⻰˵ġ˭ҺӲ಻أ϶ϱ⻰˵ĺܣҪǲԺǴԼķθвҲӸÑҲԼһﶼһģ϶ûɶ˵˰ɣ
϶һۣɫоȣ֪ķļθȻҲǹгӡ
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ү̾˿ڴͷ仰˵ûҺȻϸɫԹеﲻѵģﰡǲ
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ҲӦһ֣ЦЦү̫̫ƵĻܵ棬ҲԼĪĻҲ棬˵Ҳգ˵ͽơûʲôµĻȻȥˡ
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˵գһ
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ү˲Ȼ
ٵһףӶǡʮ廨Ƚ̫үһæ̫үԸôһСæġ仰


105 ̫̫⣨һ


ʶүͷȥСʱ۸Ѱӻүӡ
үЩĲɡ
϶ҵѾͷ̫үһæ
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۾һʲô⣿
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㻹޽ûгԣ㲻֪𣿡
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ŵһƨ̱ڵϣҪûˡ
սӹҵģЩȥ߹ȥᱧͻϽȥСưɡ
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̫̫϶ǶүӣǮ
ԣǽ裬ҲǶӳ
ƣͷ̾һ¶һЦ


106 ܾйŹ֣

һĿţʧڵ·ͷ䴦첽Ժӣ̧۾ƼһǮվԼſڵ
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һͳԺţǲӻ취үӵҪ
Ӧˣ׷˴ӡ

ľ޽߳ԶүӴӴˤˣ
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ľûƼʱ״үԴ⻰ġ
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ãȥ̫̫Է̫̫ĵ죬ͷδǻԷһТ˳Ķ
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һҲ̽ԴƼԺһˣЩɪĿݺһŵĴȥݡƬ̺󣬶˰һͷ
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ܼСϱƲƲ죬ǽͷ

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սүӣϴٸϴ˵үӵĲ顣
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ԡϴƿ߽ûĿһۣʮӵҩĳ˻ܻʮ꣬˵ҩֻʮԼѡɡ
һû˵
һ̧ͷٵ磬ﻹһǮһȥȡ˸ҩѡ
ٻûü˵ʲôһ·˹
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меļҵҲ
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ͻȥתͷ󲽳ȥ
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Щήٵϳһ˿Цݣļ򣬡ֵܡ
߰ɣҸţǻȥս˦˦ţޣŶ˵
̧۵ƻͨҽݣ뵽ٵ̬ȣܾЩŹ֡


107 ӣһ

˻صʮկʱѺ͸Щ΢ѩŢ·ţͣսſڡ
ţͣȣԺž֨͡¡һ˴ˡ

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硣Щɬ
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ͷЦǣ׼СȢϱ
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죬˵ʲôԥԥû˵ڡ
սҵĵһǳһŵĻռңݺ巿ҵĵƶš
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ľĲ²ʱ׾Щ⣬ͨйϺ󣬸һЦ漴ޱĵүӼȻĻԲѣǲĺҺ͸ȥѼ˶ȥү


108 ŭϴ󣨶

òµүôôױʹȥԭǱǶʮȥġ
ӣ氮
ƾʲôΪƭĸ֮Ӧʮӣ
룬Ҫ룡
Ůѹֵŭ𣬰ĳŮЦЦ
ôЩ꣬үӵƫûûضˡ
ﵽ׻үһôӰȨλˣôƵ¶
Ҫ֪¶˲𴩣ļǿǻᱳ˴õģǻõҲģ
ľȻҪ˵ʲôҡҡͷ
ϳ˳ɷ䣬ģ
ЦүĴγµʱŵĳԲ˯õģܲҲܰɣ
üͷһе㷸ġ
ֵϳȥϣľҪţϲҲţ˯ţݴϨ˵ƣҲȥиӦ
һ˸ϵʱǺҹûţͣҽǰ˳
ҽ߳ٶȿģһֱƵġ
϶ôŻأңȥҴץҩ
֣ܿ˴ҹȥϢɣҩץ
˵գù٣ҽݡ
ü˽ȥ
û׷Ҫӣһ
ûȥƼҽݵĴڿɫģ͵һ
ܴ򣬿ҩɣҶѾˡ¹̨
ǴЦŵͷȥһԵ˵ϣдһҩҪݸСͯȥץҩȴ˰ˡ
ʲݡΡ֡ء²֮ҩβòҪļ̌ĿǴ򣬡үүģ֢֮𣿴ȷҩã
һһۡ
ЦһѾͷҩҽʶ־ܿ׵ġϽҩȥץҩүҩأ
СͯȥӣľȴҩԱһֵĿ٣󲮣ҩСӶ֪ʲôģֲɵΪʲôף
üͷһ壬ȥ
Ϊѵ̾һЦС֪ˣүµĻ֢֮ȴӵӲҩֻ²
ô˵еڶŷӣľȴĻЦЦĿȥһۡ
ֻһʮĺӣȴϬֱӣ̧ĨһѺͷǡеڶŷӡ
һдɣҲʲôҩֵʮô󡣡
˳ǣԥȥ٣Ҳ˰֡
Ӧһʿľһۣд˵ڶŵӣīݸľȣľȽӹֻһ۾Цˡ
תͷ˵򿪵ҩβүĲҪү
һ㶡
ü˵ʲôһġ
ûҲ֪ҩȴβģľеҩǴ򣬡˵أ
ҡҡЩȥ١
ǰһľеҩ˺ܹ١
ŭ϶ѾͷһѾͷƬܶʲôҲ֣ҩùȥץҩ
󲮱𼱰˵ҿľЦЦҿҼö˵
˵꣬ҼǵļլӵĺԶү˵¿ȥǰæ𣿲үæǼҵĴһá˵ļҵĴǾģһ̫ҽԺĳλ̫ҽĹŵӡ
򾪺һƹģ⡭
ܴģǼҸϲ;˵ġٱľȸŮǴʹ˸ɫӲЦЦƹĶء
ټܴ˵תͷ͵϶ôŮģһضûУʲôʱģϽҩҪأ뺦𣿡
ǲмɨľһۣ˵̫үæү˵¶ѾͷϹ˭ģռҿûˣ
Ϲľ򴽣󲮣ǲϹһ֪ˣ𣿡
Ļ䣬ҽ⴫һٸ·ĽŲ
һ̣߽ͷ󺹵ˣÿ˼϶һҩ䡣
ľȵһЦҵүҵôҵɾˣԣϾȥļҵĴү°
ܴɫ৵һ±ĲҰףһģ˼
ٵɫѿĿľȣѾͷʲô
ûҸղŵĻ𣿴󲮿ڿҵүʵģҸպʶļҵļȻҪҵүúÿˣ


109 үӣһ

ľһ޹󲮣ھү㲻˵үǣٲҩû𣿡
ʲôʱ˵⻰һѾͷƬ֪ʲôһӶĵľȡ
ǰһŮӻ󣬵ĪһؼҳʱĻ˵
һҭ漴һûץҩĲͻأͣɲҪ¶㻹˵Ҫ˵ЩĵĻ𣿡
˵꣬бľȼۣƤЦⲻЦ˵϶ǳϢҪСѾͷġ
ľһۣټȥֳ˳䣬ļҵĴүɣһļҴҽá
Ů֪û˵ǸһʲôɴϴļǸһ²ڡ
Ĭ˺һżѵĵͷ
ЩˣүӵĲװģļҵһǻʱ¶ڡ
УļҵĴ򿴣
ΪʲôܣľǰһǰһһǿүҵģǼҰѸүץҩӰ𣿴󲮷ģǼҰˣүһղãǼҾһץҩүţҹ
ɫڣָľȾƿڴ
ľȴûٿתļҵλһ񣬡ͷλҹһˣүү䲡ϣҪ༸λүүѰҲȷץҩ
λĨһѶͷĺ࿴һۣЩλﲻԼҽôҹİǺ
˼Сǰæ˵ûǣЦӦˣȥ
һҪǰȥקס磬ļҵĴưɣҿҽݵĴüŪ۵ģ񿿲ס
ôסӵƽиͷȵĶܴҩҩ̧Ҫ˦ȴקĽġ
Ҳ˵ˣֻǶͷõ׼ȥˣͨͷȣļҵĴȻʦ̫ҽԺ̫ҽҽ϶κõġһ
żļҵĴһٿķӦ֪˾ŲʮǶʮֳĲ
ʼҲһϾҳԼֵ֮¹ôãǣļңʱĿɾһˡ
һͱԼϱסˣյߵ˵˼ƽлǻﻰ˼һֱڿ˿۶õǮʮ۸ĳٵģʱܿһ࣬صٸݰ˳ɣڶĻмͭ壿
˵ƽɽܵǰڣδζֻôﻹѶҪսҸϣԭ
Թӣô˵
Ͽһۣһæòؼһһ˿ĵģҡ
ǻԸΪ˱˼ҵ»Լҵĺ顣
ϵ˼֣̾һ
֪еƫģҲΪֻһ
ϾүӶһֱǸ˽ģ˭뵽˽Ȼ֪ϴһֱڿ˿۶Ǯǵڻ
Ϊ˶ʮӣöӿʵӸ粹©ȱ
׵֪֪Լʲô
һЩ׵ȥͶɩô
ʢҵǰô죿
ȽԺôżң
ôռң
̲ס۾һ۾ҪļҵĴ򣬼߹ȥקס
ģ϶ģܰѵԵʹʲôأϽ֣ļҵ˸
ܻĴֻ֣£ֱ㷺˺졣
Ͽۣͳ˳ѡ
һۣû£ɩ棬ǽȥ
˵գȥ
˵ͷߡ
ٸţ䡣
һüڼ̧ͷ򽻻һĿ⣬жӹ֮ɫ
ҵôǲǲĺأǰľȥˣڶûѡһȥͼڵ
㿴ңҿ㣬ȥľȣչλ
ҵĴ磬ӵĶƹ񡣡ľȵ
Ŷһͷת٣նƹǰǲŤȣ
¶ٱͲÿɫѿ֣үӱʲôϵǡ
նƹˣһµóĽۣүӵڻûѲǱģӦԭȵˡ
˵˵ٴŭתָ϶û뵽ˣӰүȥģļҵĴһͳҵĴϴԼʺĨ
˭֪ͷΪȣŤģʱġꡯͷŤתĻ
ͷӾȥǼٵģ˿ʹɵĻԲѣ
Ҿ֪ǰ˳ΪӡӿУΪ˶ʮӣӶܲˡ
ǴƲƲ죬նƹ°ѻ˵𣿡
˵ҾͿ˵ĳ弸Цһ٣ģ۾ƺˣöôТ˳׵ģ
˵úТ˳صҧҧڡ
ٵ񶼱ˡ
үȷЩ֮״ʡ
үӵͻ֢֮
ǰȷʵݻԣŤǰʹ¡
һһ䣬˵˻Ŀżˡ
ٱһͻȻү´ʱүŤͷ˵ʲôתȥ˾˵ϣʱΪǹ⡭
ѵǻľȥˣ
Ķͷ˲ðŶĺ顣Ŷеһݣ˦ӣǶĴô˵ȫһ죡
硭
û뵽绹ӲŲɿڡ
Ķ֪ôȥ硣
Ůܾлһû˵ꡣ
ľȳЦЦֶͷ
ŵүڵȷʵأҩⱲֻڴˡ
˻һĸ첲˲佩סˡ
ͬʱɫ䣬ͬ˵ʲô
˶һۣظһ飬ֵ͵˱Ҫע壬үӵŤ˿ȥмˣ˼ҵĹͷʹ࣬ﾭڣλҲ̫ģү˯ˣԺúӻлģչǿҩǡ
ľȿ
ͷλˡʩ񣬼λæңȥֿҩ
磬ˣ
Ҳ˵ɶ
ĿһۣЩıܿߡ
ǿ뿴һĸͬĴˣ
ڲ˯үӣ뵽ļҴ˵Щֻյ˻ڵġ
ؿҲƶһʯͷƵĴ
˱̧ۣתҽݣٲԼĻ
ߵ·һ§ֵĴԣһ˹ȥоֺͷʹʵĸо
ⶼʲô¶
ϼģŵæ裬Ǹʲô
һͰ͵ŤţϣųĳһЦ˵Ҫʲô
Ҫʲô
Թкк
۸˼û˵ž
⻰ͬ˵ֻܸ̾
ĺۣݵô飬һɶ
ȻûпȴֻѾǸˡ
ⱼ²ȴǿĺף̫̫ҪȽŲ˵׷ɱ̫̫ʼݾѾˮˡ

ļҴҩһΣ٣˰ºүӵӱػת
ֻǣζҩϷ֮УʮֲףԼ۸񰺹沢ûģֻļҩĿС
󲮣壬ҩǮô˵
Ҫڣľȡ
ɨ۲٣ͻȻˣǵӣȻһ֣ҳһЩТ磬˵أ
ĻҪǮ¶ڵĳӶҪˣ˲ԭίģүûգĺ뱲̱ڴˣҪԵүӵŭ𣬾ͷƤ顣
ҡͷ׾ݣ϶㲻ǽ˶ʮ𣿲ȰӳˣȻͷɵٻ㡭
ûдֻǶ˵ͷնлλٵŴл
λæã˵ὫҩץҽݣȻȥ
ͳҽݣһֱ档
ԶԶĿţûҹȥ
ļҵĴȥûãһõҩ͵ҽݣľʶҩǮ˹Լҩ̵ҩү˵ոǮ͸ʮɡ
̿ˮĵ䡣
ƼĶѾľûбˡ
ǮͳݹȥӦõģǽմ࣬ͷСȥ˵һʣµʮ͵ϡ
˲ûݹǮЦЦʱүѾԸСģնүﲻżʲôʱͷԣٸһġ
˵գ˹ʩ˸񣬸ǳҽݡ
硣ǰڣӣֵһ̯Ϲǲ֣öһȫˡ
ЦЦȵѹɡ
һͣԼҶЦţȴ侲쳣ɫ˵ʲôζ
ҽݵҩޣҩϡ
ܿȥ˰ӣ˵ûθڣһľȣԼҲûθڳԡ
ٵصĳĸ
үһ¶ʱڣ˯ˡ
ãȻĿİĵطЩӦ⡢Ķ
æˣܴҵҵ
һǰһ߽ٲԾЩ飬û˵ĻҲʱסˡ
ү̧ۿ۶ǺѪ˿һͻȻͷϴ󣬰϶ȥûô治ТĶӣ
Űӣľȶҩÿߣ⻰̶ס˽ŲˢˢϿȥ
һƬεļž
үǸ˯۽ʺͻȻЩƣѣԵ㶫ӰɣѾץҩҩǾܻؼˡǳһˣڼҡ϶㡭
϶ץҩ
үüͷһͻȻʲôƵİæӴһȻʱ۳һԴΣǡôˣ
үӣ쵽ͻȻʲô͵˻ȥ
˵СŤԲιȥæȥסүӿԼϣû°ɣ
ү۵촭ŤŲȥ٣ٵ仯˺һ̧ͷļҵĴǹ̫ҽͽܣ˵úóҩһʱͺˡ
һۣ˵ʲôû˵
үӵ˴ӵĻһѹϡ
߹ȥӵݸɷˣүӡ
үӿҩĶĸŮû
үһӳ꣬ȥҩʱһҩȥ˳Ӧǰľת˸ȦסŮȴûܵסǿڿҩ絽Լ
ôôࣿ
үķ飬ʵȴ١
ٵбһۣڵҩļģ˵һζҩѵãϷеģζҩȽϿ࣬˳˵ҩڡ
үһͷһڣ³̲ŽҩʽȥȻһٺһڣᶼۿֱת
ľȼүʹһСһСڵĺҩûб飬ȴĹ˹
ļҵļǴ΢㲦һ䣬Ǿôõҩһǻµүӣܰ
ҩЪϢ̧үţҪ֣үһ˦ˣľվߣһ˫
ţߵĺĥĥ䵽ʮկѽʱ
үͻضݣϴľȻ˶
ʢſڣĵĿżˡ
ľȳʢЦЦ硣
ʢҲһЦȴûʲô²ʵүô
ľҡҡͷ˵
һ˸չţսսˣžʣүôˣ
ɬϵЦЦսսͼˣǸʲô˵仰϶˵
磬ɩҡ
ô˵
˵ԼĵʵûҪװƭʮӸϴӵ©ȱ
үǰǲҪûӦ
Ů˵ͷ
ľЦֻΪûӦ׸ӣүԼҪЮӣˣԺʮկôôռҶҵһТĵԺʲôǰ̣ү֪𣿡
ľ⻰һսȽ⻰ʲô˼үû
սҲüͷϡ
ϱﲻסˣȻһЦвֻǱǷģװʱСŤιȥģ
սսƬ̺϶ȾŭɫսǺЦǹ˽ˣãõĺܣ
ЦգšüòǵԸӸ˰ɣ
ҡͷûУү˵ĺˣҩʮǷļһ顣
սսһۣû׷Ϊʲôмһļңֻ̾һ
սļͷ϶ϾôôŤŤģôЩ껹㿴լﶼʲô𣿵ϲϷҵĵ㶮
˵ţ̧ͷ͵ѵ뿴ȽٷһΣϣֻǲ֪һΣȽûôõ˵Ҫ˭µ˺ģ
͵̧ͷ

˵أսɳһæȥ
սһɿ֣ǿˣ
գ̧žߡ
սͷ̾һϵҲǺͼӣ˵ˣǱȥҰǾϻǲΪԼҲΪǺúһ¡ΪԼТ˺ǣ
սȽĺף͹һǱӴµģ۵ҡҡͷ
һĿԶľȺһתԼݡ
̾һȥ
ڴϣĦָã³һ÷ɩ˵Ǵȥˣ磬ּҰɣ


110 ã

ûӵ£үἰûӦУԹ緹˸ܻϡ
ָ̫̫ʹŸүҩľһ㶼⣬޽ҩ⽫ҩ޵ˮģҩĿζԺ߹·Ĵŵ
үÿκҩһѣΪվҧʣ
δǷļҵҩǮô졣
Ҳû˵װ¡
һûȥݡ
һ׵˵ܣүӲͷӦûһθɫ
Ԭ鶼ˣֻҩĿζͶԶԶģײȥݣԷʱ⡣
⼸ոߵԽĽķӼڶûʱͽ̼ŮѧߣӺܺô򷢡
ľȽķ䣬ԹĿյϻǰЩԺķһһڱʣֽϡ
һֱŻļҵӣսɽܣֱӽս壬ȥһΣ˼գ˼ӡ
һգľͷͻȻϤմң
ľһüļҴүλǡ
ľȶëʣ첽˷ţƼԬͬ˵Цӯӯ˵
Ҳ࣬һ͵汳ϣ˫ֻأһſľգ죬б꣬ǹɽ˭
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ĵ£һ˫ȼ˻Ѱľ΢΢һѧģüһЦ
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үǷļʮأʲôʱ˵˵Ӿ̯¡
ͻȻҸҼСĶǶȱ롭ƨɶľܻ巿
Ŀɽü
ľ̯֣˭Ҷмݡ
˾Ц
к˽ݣʢľкˣֻ˸ڡ
һƼδɵĻȵ°ͶҪˣ㻭ģ
ľȵͷЦŽѻõݸ
ɽһ˵һƣֻһۣϾǾ̾
ϻͱͱɽôһƺ̫ռıˣ
Զɳֲҵӡɽбһۣ
°˼״Ϣ£֣صΪΪʳҾһͦϲӵģһҶ᲻ã˰ɡ
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ʢһһͷˮľȱԵĽԼ˵ĺϵ˵һ飬ʢȻĿá
ľЦŵҵҪӣԺҲҪӣǼҡȱӡպڶЩ￴ҵ׬ЩīֽǮ
ȽʢЩ۵ĿżһҹãǸóлϥµͣȴΪгӶû¡
ʢкΡ
ׯ԰ĵطѡһڳһյ賵̵ʮӣǶһСϪֱȦׯ԰һ΢еʴ壬ҪһʱǱûСϪһдĺӣ治ԶиɽͷɽͷǴƲ¡Һ͹ɽͼֽ㻭ģʲôطʺϽׯ԰ӦñǸ㣬ʲôʱпգȥط
ʴ塣
ǰǸԺǽʴģȻЩ룬ΪǰЧãϵļȥ˺Ժܿͻһѣܶ཭ҲڱԺסϸʮµġǵԼҸսȥһˣԺľ¼ֱ̾Ϊֹ
ս㻹˵ǸԺʳٵصһݵģѹô𱬡
뵽ľȵһ뵽ʲôƵĽ
ôˣ
̧ԼֵĿľһۣŤͷȥʢණ
ʢҡͷ
ɽ˫ֻվԭأǰȴ֪͸ڿ˭СѾͷü

չȥСĻ˻֡
ľȲûл
ԼĲ𾪵޷԰Ρ
һֱΪĵһԺԼ⣬ȴûЩսģ
ˣ궬սӺбģսһҾͰȥϣȻ棬ÿλս㶼ӴͷǾµĶ׹δա


111 ʵһ¥

ǻΪպһΪսǹЩҫģԣδսɫ
սδƽϹҰΡ
ǵãսʱսĴѾͷˣһǽˮļҴү˲ᡣ
ΪϤĽˮ֣Ͷ࿴ۣҲΪǸĵأûٹע
ʵġ
ΪΨһȥԺǴΣġ
ռÑʱ˽Թ˵ϵͬȥǸԺ˵εĺãûȥӲϻЩ˺һͨЦ˵Ǽս㣬սûа취ȥʶʶ
ǻΨհÿί
¾ȥս㣬ս㼸ûôǾʹȥһ졭
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ľȱһᣬ۾Щɬ⡣
ҧʶģ˵Ĵžˡ
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ʢ뵽ǰЩӴЩ˵
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ɽľʢսҵţһ˻Ƶȥʴ塣
յڣдĴкȥҡ
Ӵڵһ·Ĵĺ񿴵˽Ԫ޲ǰһڡ
Ϊ׵Ĺɽ۾ҲǷ״үһ·Сܵ˸ǰͷЦүү
ľȣ
˵Ķ飬ֱ䵽ʴˡ
ǻѪĽʴʷָǰɽͷ뼸˵λүСɲҪСɽͷ뵱꣬ʵ۵ļҾܼȺɽգԮһҲŵžۡɽΪɽҲʴ塣
ɽȻĵ˵ͷ
Ȼĵɴ۾壬ϴûи˵
ٺЦżɽߣߵһɽͣ½ŲЦǺǵĵˣǵ꿪ʵۼҾĵط涬ůʴ֮
˵գȽɽҲ˽ȥ
ȤǰɽҲŹȥľһʢץߡ
澰ĵһۣľȱȷˣû
ıԺһԺıԺ
Уʵһ¥


112 ֪ڸ

˵ǱԺ˵ǱԺһԽһ֪˵Ķ
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һԴȵķϮůڵģľЩ̾һ΢ۡ
ɽͷƼСèƵܵı飬һ漴Ц
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쿴үӿҩ˵ΪʲôһֹĿС
ϸ˵ˣľ̾ϣ¶ԶһҺһЩ
ϾֻҪ̫̫ڣүӶԶãһ֣ѣ
ϲĻһɷ򲻿ģЦŻ˻⣬ɩǺã򵥵ɫĺͻ䣬һǺܷɳƵġ
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ЦŵһЩŮҲ̫̫š
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չֱѩǸÿǵʱʦһЩ񣬰ڵ·࣬ߡ
ľȴӵ³һͼ̿
δĻȻֹ
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ûһľͷשȫǱѩ
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үһˮѹ´θĿɬб̫̫һۣʮӵҩǮ˵ģ
̫̫Ʋ죬û˵ĻļүѾͷˣ˵ʮһļүҲһſھˡ
ôʲôүӱͲϲĵҵС檣öˣ̫̫˼ļүѾͷͷ
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үһ㶣⡭ɶʱ¶
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ͷӡ̫̫ս϶жʮء
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̫̫ƲƲ죬ͲңҸ˵Ϳļүܵôڿ죬ʮļҿ϶Ҫġ
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үӺ
̫̫Ųӿ
˶Ű죬ү뵽ϻ۵ĴӣվЩ᲻ãЩԥвҲһ١
̫̫һĴȣˡ


113 ¶

ʲôӣ˵
̧̫̫ͷ۹صĽķţѹĥү˵ˡ
үüǻġʲôֵǮĶ
զûˣ̫̫ۣҽǻϻһĴָô
үһ㶣ЩĿľӣ̾˿ˣǮҶ飬ҡô꣬ȻǸͯﵽüţʧˡ
ԣ̫̫һת̽ӿڵͷӣۿɲŵԸ˿ա
ջôţһǶӣүûĵ̫̫һۣǵӶҵϴϣҲͿ˸ͯ϶ʶ˼־ȥ˱ѧȥ㶫ͷĸ˴ܣǾǸ첻ߵģҪһ
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ȻүҲЦ⣬Ѿ۱ϲĽͽῴģү룬һЦ
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үӿеǰһָĸһ˵̫̫
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һֱãôҩôҲתһֱǿ׹ү̾Ϣһȥ׹ү룬ɺΪһֻʹˡ
ԣ˼ǣ
Щƣ΢΢ۣĵƲסĺ;
ӻүӹĿ˼Ű׹϶ܰ׹İɣ
׹ǲǵöʮӣ
үһΪʲôʶȥȴһֱͷүӿϵı顣
үԥһ˲ͷͬʱһ


114 ǾͷּҰ

ҳӰ׹ɳдſն
үӵͷ֪̾ӹҲѣɵӡʵ׹Ľ϶ǸТ˳ĺúӣҲϣ˻źȥɣ
ЦЦ˵˶Т˳ǲӦǴТ
үϵЦЩıߣֻǸúӡ
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ŻеİɣΪ֪ĶӣԲô޼ɵ
ǹһôЦݣȴĶˡ
ǶûӣǰΪǷļʮҩǮᣬķ·ҲŵƵģƮڰС
үšüһۣﲻǻжʮ𣿡
սĴճҩǮ׼ȻļһҩǮʣµٴӲϣܲһֱǷš
үӰ֣ļҵӲżѾͷǸļҵүߵĺܽȥļү飬ȻһȰ׹
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Ƚеöˣô±˵ˣүһʢûԱߣô̫̫оͳ˴ˡˣҧҧĿԿ죬ԭǿеĹϵô÷ǿǡǡ
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ү۵Ķͷֱð亹ɫʱ׳ֽһһϵĺš
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ү֣ͲƵСС;ȥһֻŻЩս϶ŲʣͲۿϴ˿Ǯ𷴶ͷ󷿶ԶӶ˵ҵʢרڼѧԴڿϵԻеֲЩռôһˣ
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ŭߵԼװ±¶ˣǱļҵĴġŭ϶֪ԼװһֱˣһЦ
ϴѹܵô죬ԭ¶ˣȴ֪һ䣬ɵһ϶ݿϷҪӣ˶
һģ˵ʲôö
ӰһôˣԺ󷢴Ļֵܼ
ǶûаĴǶʮկһδ򵽵ûдп˿ǮǴһΰǶ
үȴȥЩŭӣ۵Ķ϶ˣһˣĿ
㲻ø˵ЩеûеģֻҪһһ죬ǾԲֵģڲ뿴㣬ҹȥ
û̬ƽĿɫҧгݵүӡ
α㲻Ҳ뿴ǾͷּҰɣ˼ңԶԶģͦã

үһץͷϵİ״볯˹ȥ
סأŻԭλǮһͦġ
㡭
үָ첲ֱ£ϡ
үһɻشϣƴ㡭ҹ
һΣûټ֣үѿɫƬ̧̣ų˶ݡ
ݣľǣ޽ӭ
үӵŭռԺӶˡ
ȿųķģϽһЦЦԬϿְſϣ˫ֱŶݵĺڶĴʱɨϼۣһǿԵ˷ܣϿŷ죬Ƽѿɫʱ¶õЦݣֽصһϡ
ľĵ̾һͷû°ɣ
û¡
ҡͷ޽ľȵͷյߵ˵˾䣬Ҹү˵Ҫּңˡ
˵꣬Ůü
ľ򴽣
ĵǰڰ仰˵ˡ
ҲõĶǲǣ
ŮȥĵĽӭݣϺҵĵ˸ͷ˷š
磬ү
ʮ㣬ûʲô¶죬Ҹү˵ҪּңǶֳȥˡ

𾪵Ŀ㡭㲻һֱּ𣿡
һֱүӻѪ飬ڲŷⲻҵһԸͺܿ͵Ŀӣֽ̧ЩҵĶǰ˳˱𵽶󣬲ŽŵҴˡ
ϵĴ˶˵ʲôʲôû˵ֻǿЦһƬˮЦš
֪һֱɷеļ尾ĲģǵĽ˼ֻǣʵǲ⡣
÷ҴˣԺ󡭡ҲЩõĶˡͺӣһ˺úõĹӡ
ϵͷٵͷصͷ
޽ͻȻ§סĲӣСԴ굽ޡ
ŷ·ЦͻȻˣͷ޽صĿѹֶ͵͵Ұ˺˻
ľȱ۾˺졣
ôõĵүӵʲôħҪô
ֶαƵĵүֳڵľ棬ףǶԻǴ


115 ҷ

뷨Ժһš
ľݷֵ죬΢΢
ĺּҵ۸
߹ȥ½ǣ㻹ǣ硢޽ǻ۵ġ
һ٣̧ͷ˫ͨĿŹɶµŮֽ뻳Уֳ֣ЦҡͷŮ˹ȥһ뻳У§ġ
ҪѹˡľȽС
޽Цӡ
Цúȥ޽޽ϻˡ
Ͻ޽ɷɫѻͣ԰
ľͷЦҪּҵĻǰȥĶס
ЦЦ֪ȻȥתתҼǵôͷʹβмƾɵլӣûס˵ģȥܲס
ϵ۾
漴Щĵĵүڻڴϣȥ𣿡
ЦһȥС壬үӵʲôʱܴãպóʱѷޡ
Ǳߡ¶ǡ
ĬƬ̣һЦү֪ΪʲôҪּң¶õ˵Ҳ£ģҡ÷ˡ
ɷ̬˼ǻϲǳ
ϲǺԺ̫̫áǳǷ˼ҵԺ󿼹ٶӰ졣
뵽˼ң˿ȥ˻Ǯҵ飬ȽܼױһƬ
˵ɾ͸ɡ
ڼŮȥûסԺӺͷݡ
ûסԺһ
˵ԺʵϸȦɵһǽǽéݶӣ򵥴ݣԺӵѩ˵ϥǡ
һԺӣéݶѩѹˣֻһ䶥Ǻõģûа취ס˵ġ
ǸݸڴͷǽûУֻéݹͺͺѩ
Ůվéǰ̾һ
ռլķǵүӿͯƹʱһæ˺ôһðµĲҵ
һɫĴשģҲһ㣬ٴѩѹ
ΪүӲ̫̫ŵĵ
ﵱʱ֪



116 ּ

񣬴ӣľȣôˣ
ˡ
ľָָéһŵӰ㡣
ʶֽŮüéĺӰʲôˣ
Ӱӷڰ˶㡣
̧ǰ̽ɨŮֶסŲ˵ǹ·㺮磬Ȼء
δ䣬éͻȻͨһһص졣
ԥƬָ̣ڴϣʾľ޽ҪȻ󣬽ŲɵéŲȥȥںᵹڵϵĺ˲ǰüͷ˲š
ɽҰС壬ôдɱֵĺˣ
˾ԲʮկȻԻҲֻԻй¶ټ˺ɱֻһӵ˶˵Ķ֡
ӰǶɱ
ľĲϴɱȥź¶Щİ΢΢һ˹ȥס½ǣǲˣˡǿߡ
æתסľȵߣһѽ޽һֻǣľߣû£ֻǶˣǻȥЩԵĹ
Ůһ·ߣ·սңսÿųǣһ壬ˣҵ˵ȥ㡣
˵գͷһս塣
սЦŴ̤˳Ǹļ򣬡϶к¶¶ҽǺú
磬ʲô°
սקŽԺӣս糯վûľȳ˳ǣѾͷôȥ
ľҡͷָָͷķ򣬡һ
սͷźĸͷڼϣɽȥ
ľȸ˼е磬䣬Щ
սûͷûӦȴ̧첲˻ӡ
Զľ̵ͷͷéݱȥ
ҡҡ׹é˻ŷŻ赹ģͷȴŴŵĺ顣
ľȻ߹ȥƿϵĺڲָմϺڲ˫ŵ˫Ȼ
һ߬סľȵ֣˭
ľȳһЦһתѸײڶ֮Ƴϵĺڲ㿡ʵ˲䱩¶ڿ
ľȵ˫ڿ׵ɲ΢΢


117 


ô
ٶ룬΢һ󣬴ָ䣬һ׳ߣɭɭɱֱ֮ľš
ľɫһݣۼӦԣ˳ƺڵأıǼµʱһƳڵéݶϡ
һδУļ̌󴦣˳ʹһ£Щӳȥҧס˿ڱǣѪ۵üͷ߬ųָɫȴ˿ҷɾ裬𣬶׼ѰȻľȣͷԵɫȻȵ㡭ʲôˣ
ľûлش𣬿˱ȼҪգɫ΢΢ݡ
š
ǰ£ߵĻĲ
Щ꣬ΪλľţУʹһѵ
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պݺڰҹӲд֮ʱǹƥҪ뿪ȴթնҼ
Ŀ˵ľ֮ûܽȳȥԲ
˺ܾã֪Լʲôʱȹ
ԭʱ
ǰôģ
ľ˺һŴЩȴļзһСƬΡ
պ˵Ѱ˵ƭ˴ͷéԣѩһֱܲסéݣ˵ʱȻյţæȥС壬ȻСҡ
ڶ죬ȥʱѾʧˡ
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żǰŮӲ۵Ŀȴһԣ۵׻ζ·͸˭šüͷһοڣʲôˣ
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ԴӿѪˮľȽüͷһһӰǰʧһ̳
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ôѪѨֹѪ㲻𣿡ľüͷָɿĵ˼ѨѪԻ̧һۣЩɸ֡ζ
Ȼû취˵ľҲûָ˵һۺֳ£ò˫һ˺һƿĳϵϡ
˿ڵþҩȾա
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ҡͷӻͳƿӣȴƿеһҩֳľȰõĲһƿҩĩѪڴۼѪۿɼٶֹסҧһε۽˿°á
Ȼ󣬽õ´ã۴ããľȡ
ľΣ˿ҪˮϴɾֺٶȾյġ
ҡû¡ɳƣɫ԰ףɫȴžǿ
ľ̾ĵǵİΣҿԷģȥĵطǰȫģ˾ŵùģǾԲѽռ͸¶ˣΪ룬һ£
㡭ЩԥĿǰŮ
ܿóΪ峺жĹģ
ĵһ¶˵жûдӱ˵пԼĹˣЩİ뿹ܡ
ľȿɫЦЦϵݸ߰ɣһﶼԷûƼȥ
죬֪ΪΣû˵ܾĻ˳ӵŮһéݣС·Ȼûһ˵£ͽһСԺ
үү
Ѿͷôү
СЦеĴҪȤľ䣬һƼˣδĻһ٣ɫһ䡣


118 ֮

үүˣ˿ں˺öѪѾеȾȵˡ
ľȷߡ
Сһԥǰסˣָ˳ƴϣŵһʶ֣СסСӣ𶯡
˷£Сɿ֣һԣЩˣ˿Ķ
ľӦһҪȥŵѣ̧ס˳ǵҡԼ
˵رܡ
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СƼˣۺһ٣ɫ΢΢һݡ
⵶븹бж£ÿǵ£ǰ类һնΪˡ
ֺ͵ɫ
Сɫһ£漴źľȣһŮӼҼҵģҲﲻæϽȥԷˡ
ľĿСһŮܲףôߡı飬ֻǡ
£ѣǿЩεԴȭлվ֮
ľȰ֣ЦſҲǴ㵽лԼүү
ŲȥС壬Сľȡ
ľգգۣСһ۵ɹ֮ǰЦ˵˾䣬үүҪñ֪
˵գŲĳݣ߳Ժӡ
ѾͷԽԽ֡
С帧ź룬Цü۶һš
Żϣ򵥵Ķͷ󺹣ɫԽԵò԰ס
СбһۣСӣô˿˰ҹ죬еҩЧѣ⿿ѨֹסѪġ
űۣӵӱϣ³һۿλ壬ϵ˲Ҫ衭ĵطϢһһҾ뿪
СЦǺǵĿһָָۣ䣬ŵͷлȥ䡣
С尾ҩȻ˯졣
С˯Բ԰Ѫɫӣð죬ȻЦһ䣬Ŀ񡭡
ľ߽ԺӣƼҦƨſǼҴǽ
Сãڸʲô
Ҧư֣˵
˵꣬ŷ˵ľȣɨ˵ĵһֱۣӣתȥҪּҡѾҺסĵطˣȵӺһЩ׼ȥ
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磬ҵԺҪ߿ƾ٣Тѹͷ㡭
ЦЦ̧ͷȥľȣľӭĿ⣬ЦЦڵ壬үҸʱһпһλȵ۵һЩһ˵ȵѸ£ԶΪ֪ƶ񣬱Ƿǡ׳ĸȡԲТֵܲʣ飡
⡭
죬˵ʲôȴֲ֪˵ʲôΪĻ˵ڣԼĥ˶ô꣬Ǵδʲô
һֳɷ䣬ӣɬЦһЦ
Ҿ֪ҺúõĶӾǱȺСӸԻҩּңּҡ
̫̫ƿһɫްȹͷĴ󶬹˹һ˹ȥ
ž
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ʲô㲻ܺú˵Ϊʲôִθ
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һۣεĿϣ֪ķǵۣ֮ˡ
Ҧƴ߳Ʋϣĸ硢ɩǲһּǲȰŻ˵ҪȰǷּңǶԵôЩһֱǹθҿǾеģæ׬Ǯθ飬ôԸǡҪ˵ɴһǮǣԼθȥ
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ϸһ԰ף۾ֵ߬ס֣
ǣӵǰ;ŵһƬհףȫûƽյľ
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˵գײһµǰϡ
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ûУ
Ĳ֪˵ʲôãҲ֪˵ʲô̫̫϶³Լͨ򣬱˵ʲôϡ
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ۼƼ޿Ѫˮ͵һתͷͻʢȥүүˣȥ
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ôǰôûģ
ľԺԹһ飬㲻پᡣ
ЩԥĿľһۣľûֻͣһЩ
ϿɫɷûѪɫϣѡԼŮͷá
̤ȥˮȽЩľĻ壬ͺӻ
˫˲קҧϻݣݽǵĴϡ
Ѿͷ
Сʢܵͷ󺹳˽
ÿÿ
Сûĳ忴ֵҦԬϺ
ԬƲƲ죬һˣҦվûԬһѳ˹
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ҦĿԬϵ֣ԬϵһۣѾͷզôǿɩΣǿҪ¶һʬ㶮
˵գƳҦƣ۵ıġ
ҦĶţֲҺģ
Ԭһתͷȥ
˵ĶԻľȶУľЩɨԬһۡ
С弱ҴǰһͰãڣһ£ʱȥҩ̥
ˡļ̌ͷҩ̥̫
Сһ١
ԥһ˲ٴοڣһַӣĴѨ̥ǡ
ģүүѨľȵ
ͬʱһ㶡
Сüмְգ
ҰͻᱳѨˣѨĹ̵ֽģľɫࡣ
СŤͷȥϣ΢һ㶣࿴˶ԷһۺͬʱСͷ
СһҩóݸľȣҪ죬ҪȣѨλ򲻿ɳ
ľ֣صͷ


119 ʮ

Сһӵ˵⣬۾һŲŲľȵ̾һ߹ȥ壬࣬϶µġ
֣ס丹еĺӣĹҽʥֲ绻
촽ţ˼³һ仰
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ĥߴʲô֪һиͺӾͶһΣ𣡡Сĺǳ
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ŹʱٽͩӶްӶûۣ޺ˣ
һ§סŮڻϣĿŹطŵľȡ
ľȹŵһ٣ص˵ͷ
漴Ϸš
ߵߣֽ⿪ϵް˴ֲ֣ΪӲӰ쵽ʩЧ
߸׼ãʹСͳѾͷ׼𣿡
ľӦ
ָһ룬ɫ˲һƬȻһС˵Ѩλϸ΢Ķֺ׼ȣ뵽λһϲ԰׵ϱѪɫֹסѪҲͣˡ
ľһһκӽë£ŷ֣Ϊʮ룬Լ֪ʲôʱһͷĺҲʪ͸ϡ
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Ϣʱˣоһһ£յУְϴѡ
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ˡ
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ͷȦЩ죬лл㣬Ƚ
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ƼŮɫԣæȥǵȽô
еľȽͷϻУ
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С뵽ʲôһץľȵüȻŶˣжˣֱǡ֣
ľϻ̧ͷСֺõһЦ˳䣬СүүǱǼ۵ġ
Сһۣק֣Ͻȥ˯ء
ллүү
ĿľȻݣСûɫбۿֵԬҦơ
ҦƴյԬ϶ֹɩɩǲû¶ˣ
ֲ֪Ǵ򡣡ԬƲƲ죬Žż̽ͷһƼڴɫϣգգۣɫúõģӦû¶˰ɡ
Сһ̧Ž˷䣬ϺƬ̺Ŀ𾪵ĵϵ󡭡
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Ѿͷ
С˼죬ƨһ𣬴ľù롣
ʮ룡
ѾͷȻᡭ
û˰ɣ֪װģƽǿ׳ģ˵ͽúҪЮţǺôҲԼˣȻУϰ飬ҲЦޡ
ƾʲôЦ̻СõʱﻹҪ󣬴ˣͩŭܳȥ̫̫
̫̫ŭѾͷƬӣ˵˭أ
̧ͩͷ˹ȥ
ٽ״ɫһף͵˹ȥָ̫̫״һ»ٽѪ˲ӿ˳



120 ڸĵ̫̫

в˵ٽһԿֵҦơ
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ڣڡ
һӦţתͷˣ塭壡
ͩѪһȥ
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סͩŻв԰׻ʵСŮٿǰʹͷǺ飬촽ҪҧѪĴŮ۵ֹסĲ
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ٽ۵Ӵ£ȴǿĽҧأһԡ
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㲻ǹģģСûһ仰ȥͩŶĺӣҲµȥ֣Ҳ룬ǸТ˳ģôԼףĸά
˵գݶ䴰һڣͷǺüҽ̰
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֪СάкǸж
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Сᣬɴ಻ͷĥҩ
ľһϣһ̧ͷӭС巿ǽ϶ţһЩ
ô
ľľûǴǰӦѾ뿪ˣ͵Сҵĵڶ첻뿪ˣ

Ѵ̫ˣžȻڣ
ɫľȻֻһ˫ʻ֣˻ɤӻʣ𣿡
ľȻ


121 ŵ̽

ŵĿüͷ΢ţһ˫ƲʲôԸ˿塣
ĬƬ̣ľЦŴƼžô
ŴԼĸһӶˡ
ľһҭ
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ɨҩģͷĿľϣļδŵһ
ľȳ˳ǣַĳ嶯
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ľȲӻ˼л뿪СԺӣռҡ
ûգС˳ĽľȥԼľȿץˮΣƣѡĳģŵǼѾͷ

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ŵбȥһۣûдС壬䵽ľϡ

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ľȴС뿪һ·϶ʵЩСΪʲôǼҵ¸һסǼҽһţ
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ս˳Ŀ⿴ȥѹѰǼҽӣ˵ڹļѣǿ׵ķϰһѣԺӵ˹һǵĺá
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ϱȰɢӣóһЩܹѸҴܣ˶
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ϱΣǽϵʲôȽŶף㻹ײɣ㿴ʮ˴ģ˵ôţͯҳ
ǰ¹ȥ͹ȥˣӵǰ
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սȰοòźһ
ľܹѸ͵ֵһѻ
ȻûգϷǮǮˡ


122 ˭õģһ

ϵĵһӦǼϸ˽ռ﷢£Ŀ䵽պϡ
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⧲˼ײϲסӣ۵ɫһףͷ˲ðһ㱡

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˵ĽӸܹѸɫѿԬϳʵ
ԬϵͷֻɲǼҾƼģҾ˵ǰʱȽֵôô֡


123 ôԵô³

ԬϳתתֵĽδĽǺá
ۿȥ
ԬüûвһЦ۽ӣȽһôΪãǶɩĸ˵ԺܳþõǸɶãٺ١
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Ԭϰ֣жɩ˵ôء
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ЦҲ֪⻰ȥûǻȥŮͶˣôɫ
Ҷ˵ǻ˵ģ˭ᵱ桭Ԭϵţ벹һ䣬ҹŮ˻˼˵𣿡
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ĿԬϣ⻰ҵĶ˶У֪˵ʲô˵ĻҸղ˵ĻҲᴫȥ
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ʢæ߹ȥպġ


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124 ᲻ǿ⣨һ

ǰ˼ӹ˷ܵĶ˵ԺҪѣֻĶ飬׼һٳ
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ţͷСĻŻȥСƲƲ죬ϴЦȴǲмĹߴ١
Ȼ߬ȭͷͳǮ˦ȥ˳ԷīֽѾȥӣ˦ȥЦķԼ
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Ʋ죬ԺǹүǼǿǣʲôţͷѣ⣬Է¶ҪǮ

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125 Ÿ

ɫһ
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ٴһָ䣬һ˦ӻһܹѸĶ޶ǽϡ
Ƕ˽ȥ
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ƮƮĿһۣһֻˡ
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ϣҾ˵ռҶֻǿͷ˵˵˭÷һүǿԺĹү
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ɱ˵ҾѾͷ˫۾ֱĹˡ
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˵̧꣬žķߡ
һȺ˴Ŀ
߳Զһϱһҵģ죬ȥ
ϱɫһףСϱСҹҴſȥ

Сϱһ㶣˲ҲӦ˹վľȵķˣѾͷлú˵ɩпĵİ
Ǹ˵ľӹ˵Ҳŵɫף֣⡢զ˵ģ˵˵ܵ桭İҹȥǼҴſڰɣ
ӦáɣŻǵģһϱӴŽҵ
ѵϱ˶һۣԼҵСʣŻǣҴſڵʱ˵⻰û㣡
˵ˡ


126 ʲôί

ϣ˵ľӹ˵һ´ȣСҲҪˣĵĳľʧķ˹ȥѾͷ˵ģɵš
ʣ¼鵫ô˵µϱ㿴ңҿġ
죬ԼҵСʣһĸظңҸȥˡ
˻Ǻܹעľȥ̽·µģûĺúõģ˭Ϊһ仰ҪҪİûľ˼Ҵſ֮ǰǾԲľȻѰġ
ɲ칦򣬴ʹ˼ϱҪռҶѾͷҪ˼Ҵء
һ˶ȥ֡
ϱŵĿȥŹصġ
ڼŵӶˣקûȥ
ɩǸϽȥȽƽ޹ȥ˼ſڵġ
æͷȾܡ
ϷЩĸȥӳԲʲô⣬ԥ˺һӣҧߣٽ״æͩ죬ȥô¶
ͩĸ˹ȥ
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ȥңƼľȳһ֪ŪҴϵ˦
ҵСϱɫҰ׵ıľȵȣޣѾͷȽС̰ɩӴˣɩԺҲ˵ĻˣǧҪ벻ڰǼſڣɩԺڴզ
ôܻɩ˵Լпĵģ˵һʮѾͷ˰ұԼ벻ɩʲôϵɩӱģɩƱģһָԸɩӽ͵ġľЦǺǵġ
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Ľʮˡ
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ѾͷҲúõУ˵ĵġ

Ҫ˵ѾͷӰбЩڮĲŸý˿ҸƧ˽ˡ
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һ˵ҵ׼һӲĨҹ·ɡ
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ľ֣ǿ֡
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Ǳߣɽ֣˹ָдֵɢˡ


127 è׽һ

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Цһɽķ͵˹ȥ
ɽĺ׷·۾һ㣬һ˦һԡ
ϰϲĽţȴȵ˹ɽһ֮Ĵǰ̽ȥƴ⣬һƻһкʢľ
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ʲôĽôʢ̳
Ҳü̧ͷվſھǿպģ⺢ӡ


129 պһ

εľȣȽ
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130 ʶ

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ԣ۾ĵͷɩģһ˽
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ҦƱĺޣҡ


131 ٽɽˣ޸ģ

ҦƵĹǺԬƲƲ죬֪ˣ޸ƨޣĹεĶƽϹ˶ĺá
ļ̌ȥ
ԬϵɹȥһۣҸɶϽٽܲΣһѾͷƬӣԺզˣ޲ȥõһϹʱ򲻱˴ǴҲñֵϱĥ
һҲĶ⡣
ľü
һĴҧԬϣҵģ˵ɶҼٽκã㡭βãҺţҵĲҵģϹ˵ɶ
ԬƲ죬ſڻ˵ɶϰ׵ĸֽһûԻĶӣߺ˾京ĻŤƨɣˡ
ֱۣؿƵ͸ץסӴڴڵĴϢ
æ˳ؿڣŻҪ
ڴͷõĴŮֹס䣬ɩǼٽ
ͩصĿţ涵һ־ľȣ㡭ء
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С忴һۣѾͷϵõҩݣô֪ʲôǶ
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һأûһġ

СѰˮΣ׼ֵգľķϺͩȥѰ˵ٽ
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Сһһɾɴݸľȣ˵ɶʧȥֱĲҩȷǲҩǶҩ
Сɴۣľȡ
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Сûһй˵˵˵
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С֧䡣
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С屻ľĵĺһҩߣˣעʲô˵οǧٴˣ
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⣬ͩСİţӦǡ
СŶͩŶ룬ƼٶȱĽ㣬۾ģ㣬ҽ
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ľԴ㲻ۣȥЪȥ˯Ϻһء
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ص῿ڴͷһһûһţ˽ֱӣֱĿľȣȽٽû°ɡ
ģٽ˯ˡľЦȰϵԻ񣬲Žŵүү˼˿ڡЩأҪ߰˴ԣʱٽʳӪҪġϴ˵ЩɫĶǧʳá
֪֪Ҷء
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ľɨȥһۣպǾ͵Ĵͷ̧ͷݺݵľһۡ

ڶգսȥͻľϴ˸кš
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ľȴӦˣŲͣɽȥ
µ죬仹͸ȴǴˡ
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ľüϻɱˣһιǰɡ
ɽһۣ㡣


132 Զ

˶һۣһὣǰָľȣЦСŮޣүƾһѾͷƬӺһϾҪƨˣ
ľȾӸ¿ɽ˵ϾҪƨˡ
ǲҪƨϾҪƨȫҶҪƨɽҧľȵЩˣѹؿҪӿѪ֮һһȥձӳ죬ǡǼͬӣһ
ɫ࣬촽ϵұһҪˣһǱ˫ֱֱ˵˴˶ĳʺâɭѪȵɱ⣬·𣬺Ҫǵ
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жϳݣк׶죬ǼѪĶҩ㲻׷ɱ㡣˭㶾֣
ֽ̧ɽĴѨٷһߣѪٶȡ
һɽ˵ɢעһߴӳĩҳʣķ룬ɽָɵָ⻮һϸ˿ڣ⼷˼˿̫ϸѪ໮
ɽ·첻ʹĿǽϣŮʹͷָϻŽ˿ڣһԳ䣬۵Īڵףﲻҡռȫˡ
ǵĵһӣǡм俪ʼÿֻ밲ʱܿֻ߷ʱܼ۵ܵ۵˹ﰡΪʲôԸۿһۡ
ľȵĶһ١
ǰݶȺ߱ĸɱܵΪֻʲôܡ
˴ʾ䣬ĵĿ˵ΪүһεĺСүĸһЩӦõġ
ɽЦҲҡ
Ȼеڶֿܡļ̌ͷŹɽһһٵ㲻ģ
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ɽʬɽѪɱɳˣ壬ǱȺǰֵزĸ׺͵ܵɱ֣
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ԥſ˹ɽۣľȵɹȥʲôʱˣģϽ
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˵⻰ã⻰һڣ˿͸ű
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ľ滻Žֻ󶼺Źһûˣڴ󲿷ֶضųˣʣµ඾ֻܿƽʱʳˡ
ģ̫̫ϲ˫ֺʮӷ𣬡ȥ㣬Ǽүƽƽҹȥ¸ܽȥ
˵˵ȥȥʲôһҷԸϲĿȥ̫̫˵תܡ
үһѷסôëëģô˵أǼҵĴأٸ
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⣬ָ˵Ӧû󰭵Ĵ򣬡ʲôӦþûˣ˵˻
ľȿȥľȴͷɽҴӣƺûĻһ㡣
ЦŶүүеǶϳݸ׶찡ҪԶ⡭ⶼǱˣĻҪߡ
ʲô⣿˵š
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ˣΪˡľ˵ͷȥɣǰõҩóˮ˵ľͰһ̧
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ɽüһĨǳЦ⣬˵ɣܳܡ
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ӦСͻģѾ͸ΪСԲľһԥǽ˵˳ʮ꣬ЩػḯʴȫѪѶȴκ
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СˡүھԸκ˶
㵱ϹүǸëСѾͷһֱô
⡭Ǵ򡭡
ޣԺӵĴֵõһþǼүҲˡ


133 ¼

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һƺȰԼѾߣ˵һ룬ͱѾǿӲĴϡ
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̫̫˼ϱһۣȥϣϽס죬˲ˣ޵Ժ涼ˣϽ
ùãۡ


134 ɹ

ϰ̫̫µް鶼ȥ
̫̫ˣȴקûŲضۿԼ˱飬ĵ̧һ£͵ˣ޳Ĳģоס졣
ùãҪֶŮϱĴͨ϶һҺϻ۸Ǵ󷿰ǵյ׵Ľû˰ǵĺӶû˰
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أ
ûˣˣ˵Ϊõ࣬ôģԺǺѻϺˣʹϣҲпٲȫвм
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ﰡϷûӰ˰ķġļҵģҼ˸˿һֵ̥ܰզôǣﰡ϶ҵģ϶ǼǼҪӵ¶͵ɵ۾Ժզָϰ
ƨϣ
Ůĺû˾ûˣ̫̫ﻹûټƽϣһ˵ϷûӰˣ̫̫ͲζˣҲӶϱ˵ĵԺǵһЩǴ󷿵ҵĲҲ̫̫ϸ˵񫡣
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Ԭգգۣľȷôܶʲô
˭ϣһ̣ԬһѳסϣɩɫãǶ̥ɣϽϽȥţǼһǮһأ˵иʲôûǮʱŪһʬɶģ಻á
ľһڣߣȻܶǷ˱ʲô
̫̫Ϊǰôһǣķе㷢𣬼Ԭϻȥ㵱ûֻ˵Żϡ
ϻԬ˵ľʶȥľȣľæ˵ͷ⣬ԬϰקĽķȻ֣ϵɩҼȥ˰
ϣ
ͩһͨ죬֪׸òøԬϵл
ͩͷԬ˦һԲȥֵü
Դҩ˰ɡ
ԬϸſڣҪ̽ͷȥ䲻ӭһɨֱţŵİһһƨɶ˵ϣɨͷɹȥԶĵط
ˡ
ظֱȣʹӵƨ۾塣
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ȷʵˡ
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ϰϰϵĽţ̫̫ͷˡ
ССӣ㻹ʹթɥĵġ
Ҧƿľ֣ˡ
ԬϳƼ˵̫̫һĻ˷ܵĦȭƣһѾסҦƣɶɩôܴء
ɩǳ׹ùãٻ첻ҲִܶŰ
Ԭûģҷ֪ǿ֣Ųһͷ㣡̫̫ҧԬϡ
ԬؿڣѽɱңҵСأңʹӻȥˡ
˵գһ˾ŵģҦ
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̫̫»˵⻰͵ŴЩ͵ĳǰ˵ЩСҲú̻壬̫̫ô̫̫Ķһͽǳ˲¹ͷľӵģ
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̫̫ϴӵµްôĶĲɾ̧־ϸ첲Ϻݺݴһơ
Ҹɶֲǹģ
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û˺ӣҡպ֮ɫ˲ʧϷ˵ͷ̫̫Ϊͷ
ȴû뵽̫̫첲һӣû˾ûˣӵԺǣܻһܻϵڶиʲô
ﰡӰԣžžյ䡣
ĵԺҲԼĺ˰
̫̫һſ޵ĿĴϱ죬ˣ¶ǶĲǣҩѾͷŪģʶļҵˣͷļҵĴƣ˵Щҽ
ļҵˣ
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̫̫ڰ֣ȻģѾͷʹȥǴΣļҵĴ򡭡
һ˵һһһҪͷΪɶʺ˭֪ƵģǸС֪ͷΪ˴ӶƭǮϴҵģװȥϱļҵĴͱƵ¶ˣ̫̫ᡣ
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ԺͻȻүӽҦ֪أæ̫̫ء
̫̫ŷӦȰܵģ˴һܡ
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ԬϿ·ƣŶӶڶſڹЦ
·զСϱ˶ڶƵģ߰
ԣ̫̫ЩһͷԵȥ
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ԬϰϰϵЦĨᣬﰡҴɨȦͼȦȥ㲻ҲϴķȫʺζҪܳȥҾ
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ԬҰҰ죬۱ĵĳϡ
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Ԭ̯֣¶ⲻеûš
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ľȱ޽Ͽһڣ޽㣬㳢һڡ
޽־ֽУҪҡ޽ǳģġóԡ

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ܾúܾԺ֪ѾͷԭǸġ


135 

ǸΣյʱõġ
ΪǰķĹϵ׽ûзϣǰ׵Ķžĵݡ
ǵãպĴװѾͷͷ­ʱֻ˵Ļ㣬ƣ˶ûʲô³ءѾͷǶûʲôӡ˰ɣѾĻѰһѵĺţϧѽôһͶˣ⵶ǲѪţǻġ㣬벻֪ôģ
Ŀպġ
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׼СͶٴαܾڷ⣬СѾָϡı׼СһΪѵȰȰס̺ɣˡ
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ϡ۹۱ǡǹģֱ㶵һһƾ紵أԲ
ǡˣ̺ɲĿڸˡ
ľڱĳŪŷ񣬳ʹɫĵͷ߳ȥ˵̺ɵѨ
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ϲȥʣǱ˶ˣ˵Ļæޣ˷һԲġ
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ЦеİӦ
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ͷָͷ˻Σжʮȥ˳ɣǻθÑʣ¶
һҪȥʮһӾϵЦҲʧ
ƴƴµӣҪȥôࡣ
˼ңԼǶʮԼҵģθÑˣƽʱĳԴöҲһʡʡٽͩļױҲˣܵĺģʹٽˣ˼Ҳῴļױƴ
ǸޣԺȢϱҲˡ
ϿɷЦĿģ̣ûסﻰ˵˳ҪּܷҶãʮӶǼҵġ
ɫһ䡣


136 ˶

ϵĻȻֹ
Ƭ̣һЦˣġȥĨĨ۽ǡ
ֹ̾һڲּңĹأǡ
һ֪Ҿٽͩ˵˵
ҶܼˣٽͩļױģǵĹŮһҪĴޣﲻӵ˼ļͷĵ˵
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ȰľȵʻüͦУҪסʴǱߣҲڼҡˡ
ϲڼôˣǴûɣľֵĻͷϡ
һµĿŮæɫЦڼңûĹǣ˵˵Ժź˵ǵūͣ˵ȥǶҵǰ;𣬻ǡ˰ɡ
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138 ˵

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Цźϰ죬ϲѹĿǹɻ𣬡ԺҲѧ㣬ʲô˶ⶼЩʲô¶ǻëˣ

ٽҩ౻ľȻΣĩϵѾ߳ɣǼԵ˰ȴôҩºۼˡ
ľȻһ̵ҩٽÿá
ϰЦģİοŮҹ۵ıŶӵᡣ
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̫̫żˣүӲǼҾ͸Щһǰׯ˼ˣɶҲˡ
ңʶ̫үϴ󡭡̫̫˵̫ү˵


139 һ¥

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үӲĵ飬̾˿˵ˡ

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Ժſڣ׼˸ӽΣмһ̫ʦΣ̧żַ˿


140 ԰

һӽΣߺˣϽϽôһȦأת춼Ҫˡ
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壬޽һɡľȽ޽ֿͩãץ̫ʦķ֣ʲôľͺˡ
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ľЦ䣬ɫһƬ̣ɽ˸ҾһӽΡ
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141 үƯ

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ŭҪȥͩͩۼǰ궯ŭ֪Լ˵˻ͷһ굽ľ

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˺棬ͣĨŶͷĺ
˵ʱͩѾ˷ܵΧŵµĶؾ̾ۡ
׼էһյıѩǱ𺳵ˡ


142 ԰

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ܽľȵıӰɽ˳ӣɽЦЦ
һľϵգգ۾
ôÿ·ѾͷϿ̣ˣѲСĵˡ


143 ׬Ǯˣ޸ģ

ǿɾͺˡ
ܽƲƲ죬ŻˮľһģЦ
ؽôˣЦʲôСɽͷ
ܽһЦСãôÿĵطҪС㲻һӶء
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ᵽĵһӵ޺޵ĵǰŤƨŤȥһŵܽһۣҧҸʲôôȥǺùŮ춼ʲô¶
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ľƼܽصĽŲģ۾ȴֱĶ쵽ʱ쳤֣Ŀȷ

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ɽЦݣڲ豭֮µĴԾҲһЦ

һµ֮󣬷԰ȶԺĶ½½͵ļңпǱߵǽСɳĮޣŮߵʮһٻԺ۰ıѩǱӵһ¶浽ĩֻнһΣȴ׬Ժеܺ͡
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144 

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145 ˼ң徲1

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146 ˼ң徲2

ﰡҲ롭
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ãСӣҿд̫үֽСȥָдּ顣


147 ָɾ

С峤һһ˵飬̫үĻŲɿ߽ݣΨһһϽԼıīֽһſ
Ȼ̧ͷүӸ̫̫˼ֺۣǺǵЦˡ

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ԣͷЦ
үѿ̧ͷ̫ү̫үĿ
үŤͷ̫̫һ©ƣ̫̫ͷתŵĵүӣͷӣң
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պĵһôˡ


148 

ϱۣһʱѾŻм仰Ҫ㡣
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պĲľŴҴһֱûµҺɫ֦һȹ°ڣ˼æ֣Ѿḧƽͷĵ͵͵ģһ˫۾ʱ͵ϣٶȷɿ죬졣
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ʲô¶ˣռҵļ£̫̫սߺߵ
սЦ˭ϡռҵ£ϽÿǻŹȥʰûг
̫̫ɫ࣬ǰ̫̫ˣҪⴲҲûá
˭˵ûãҿ˵գֺ̫̫󣬡Сӣ֣Ҳ
ʹջ֣ͷһƣֱϺȻѪۣʱԼŮϱ̫̫ץ˺ۣϾʹβסŭȵˣ
̫̫һģ㡭
һŴѣҪִ󵽵ʲôЩӻ𣿶Ŵ򲻵Ͳͣ㣬һӰȵĹӣ˵ô𣿷Ҫֳ£ڸһĿ𣿣˵Ųۡ


149 仧

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Щ˵ӣһŴǮ
ýģɶǣģҲ첲զգ̫̫̺ݻɿŶӷ۾ûġ
Ҷ磬׵ġ˱̧ۣͻͻ̫ѨܱôҪٲ̣ӸȥɽϿ𣿡
̫̫ίݺϣ˵ܰͲᣡ
ǳ׵Ķøң߬ȭͷ΢š
ġ
ۼĸΪǶҪæǰסռּ̫̫˵Ƕõķӡư衢Ѽ̫̫ʲôʱǮǣ
Լסģֲǵģƾɶӣ̫̫һ˲ըһǹͷֱ
ҲִֻҵĶӣʹ̫̫ϣҲҵһݣǶľǶģ̫̫ǲɰּʱЩһ
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ԬҰ죬˵룬ֱ͡ɲɵ̫̫ҪүӿҪԴġ
ϺǺЦ
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ѽզˣ󲮸Ҫ¶ɩӵĴܼСϱֺǺǵ̽һԴһ˫С۾תͣһ߲ͷţʮկзּҹſ۶ӶϱĻ鴲Ĺ𣿡
ɶ˭ҷָңҪӶϱĴ˵ȥñЦ
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Ժ̫̫Ѿһ˵ɫֵ࣬ɶ¶ûϹպɶ
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սЦܼСϱЦϱ˵Ķԣʮկûп۶Ӷϱ鴲Ĺأ̫̫Ͻÿٸøһĺˣ֪ǿɾûʲô˼ˡ
̫̫ĵսܼСϱҪ̻ˡ
ܼСϱѽѽĽУ㿴ղҪңҶۣղŵģ϶̥ˡ
ǽͷǱ̴ܼӵľžһϲߵ϶ûûƤŰ˼Ӹϱ˼һʹҪ˼ҶӸϱ˯ĴϲҪĶҶϱҪи̣Ҹû꣡
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ԬϻݣŹص졣
̫̫ԬˤˤģһգٴοԬҲˣԬϴЩһ¶һͷ£
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ﱾģ䲻ҲһɤӣЩίȥһ۵ɹȥʲô㶣Ͻˮȥ
ңɶûɡίȥƾɶ̫̫ķ巿Ҳû¡
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ܽؿļʺޣƲƲ졣

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պľ˾죬޽ڼ𣿡
Ҫ㡣ϵĿ
պĻ뻹죬䲻׵䣬ĵһæͷʲô˵ˡ

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ͩһܳվǰͷֵŮӣЦӯӯֻ̧Ӧ㣬歱ˡ
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ǲȽûи˵̫̫üʡ
ϻĵͷ
̫̫ȻӴվָϣ㡭Ϳ


150 

졣
̫̫һʵ㻹
϶㿪̫̫ıӣϵıӣ֪ôԣǡ
ͷۿֱ̫̫⣬ĽҲȽ۰ǵһģһġ
һģһ̫̫ɫȻ䣬÷⻰˻Ǻأһģһ۰ֻĽȽ
ϵһȣƤۣǱ˺ݺݴһƣæ˹ڴϣ̫̫ŲŲҲǹģҵʱ㲻֪ȽڶĽ̬ȺĮ֮Ӧе̬ȣҡ¡¸ȽĽǡ׽ðҺͻˣҪֹһӵģҡ
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ϼԼɫ࣬æ˳̫̫ؿڣ𼱣СûӦ
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ԣϵȻɫ׵ˣ˹ڴ̫̫ͷ㲻ҪңȽĽģһӶԭĽġԺһúÿĽһ۲ĿԲʹٺȽģұ֤
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ϿŻԽϣſ˵ʲô̫̫һ۵ɹȥ˲Ϩ˿ڹȰ뷨
ȽĽġһӵġǽáǽⱲӿô죿޵Ĳѡ
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ϵĿȻֹȻ̧ͷ㶵ĿһȻ̫̫
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̫̫˱ۣ͵תݺĶһ仰ȥռԺӣúҵĻҺûô죬ǾΪϱߣ
˵գ̧žߡ
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һͻȻصĻ档
ĿϴպλذߣԼȴͻȻˮһֱΪԼˮʲôİס˽ţԭ
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154 һ

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ҷȥһɱңɽʱҺúչ㣬ҪиһǰҵƤɡ


155 ļ

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156 ִĵ

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157 

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սһղպģ
ʵսͩˣӴϻռҴΪͱһֱðѪ˺°ȥϻˣϾһȥϽеĶûǻˡ

ռԺָ̫̫ϵıӴǸʲôӣǲǰѼİ涼ȥˣܼǶǮǮڼҵĺҵġ
巿Ԭվɿ֣ԭϲǽķĴͷƨ͸뿪Ĵ֣һһ߸ķֹҾ˵ɩǰߺ϶ꡭ̫̫˵Ļ˵ҲӸ֡
һͷͷöǧЬףθļҵĹѧ£˼ҲȱǮԺȲģôľȻǿȽķϣҲһ㲻Ϊ˼ҾȽи˲ɿ
˵ļǸǰйϱϱ󣬾һӹ
һЩǴŵЬ֮ģʵֲԵðͽӭ
˫Ѿǵ˫ˣµĶӴġ
ϲĻ磬ԬƲƲ죬ɩ߰ɣû˵߷۾˻Ϲӵ𡣡
ϱϹ˵ģһ´ָѪ
ԬϹЦһΪɩû˵أ
ûĵһۡ
̫̫ĭ䲻ԬϵЦϣ˳ȥƼԬƤЦĸ˵һҵģ̽ɩôӣ
ԬϰһӴ̽ͷֻ첲ڴϣЦеĿ̫̫ð˵ҵһӣҼǵǴӲСİѲӬȥˣ˸ͷ˲ӬƨɣŻĽǰԵĲӶˣµĲҵ˲Ӭͷ¶ǵòǵã
̫̫ɫһ䣬ܵ
Ԭϵü̫̫ﰡȷҽɩ𣿵ȥé桭
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̫̫Ԭ϶ĵĽ緹˳ԬϻҪȥϸéŵ֡
ԬϺٺЦһĿϺٽü
ٽյ϶ߣġ
ϿԬһۣٽ˵ͷ
ٽһ
ԬϵģЦҡҡͷϱţһҪ緹ģָ̫̫һʳﲻǲûɾǻų棬ʳǲӡ
ǵã̫̫ӵʱ򣬵һȥ˵ζԣڶȥڲϷһӬĳΡΡԬɶ
ԬֺǺǵ˵ŶǸӬӵʱһֱͷϷɣҲ볢ɶζ
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뵽̫̫ʱǱģ̲סҲǡ
Ԭϣһôôҡģ
ԬϿûһۡ
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۸˲׬Ǯ۸С۸ӡŮ߶
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̫̫Ļҭģ³Ķ˻ȥԼԼĵı
һָ̫̫ϣקϾͱϸǰλ̫̫ͷȥһ´ǼҴ̫̫̫̫ˣֱ۶˵ˡ
ϴ󾪣æɵǧףٽݣ׵ͷһһæȥԬϣҵģϽȥС塣
ԬƳһۣʿˮﹾһ䣬ҵɩֿ湻ݵģġ̶ʶˡ
ԬˣƶµĻ찵ص̫̫ЩЦ
죬ȥݶ䣬Ǵ󷿵ķ䡣϶Ӵ󲻸ҿָ̫ӵ
ӵлСѾ߳Ľ͵ݣŹĴ壬㿴ңҿģϻ߽ϴͷС͵СҲ˽
ӿϣλ̫̫㿴ǲŪϯʲôġ
ҲƼϵĲ״һŤĿУҪ̸ǣƲһ䣬˶ɶϯ졭
һ㶣СѾһۣ˺̧˹Ĵϡ
Ťͷһϣż򲻸̧ͷĵģü
һ̫̫ͷؽ߽ɫף˽ץϾʣɩôˣôˣ
ٽһ䱸Ŀ̫̫֣̫̫ôϡ
ϿӣæҸȥն̫̫ңû˵һն̫̫͸˷һң赱ʱеĶûǻˣն̫̫ϴġ
ʲô潸ȻҴֶŮҸû̫̫꣡߬ϵ͵۵üͷ
ٽȥһѳ̫̫֣һߣСĵﻳСܵءڣﲻµģɫãǲǶ̥ҷȥһɡ
ٽžһ󴮣ס̫̫û˵ڵ˻ʩʩȻˡ
̫̫һɤۣ²ʲȥܵĺܡһۿɵվڵϣһ˹ȥɵŸʲôȥյˮɩӣ
ϱƤȣĿ̫̫ۿֱתҡȥ
ȥ
̫̫һĹȥ϶Ҷ̫̫ʵˣίųݡ
С屻ԬϽϵһһЩ׵ҩֺ˵û£Ϣյ׾ͳˡ
Ӳųһ̫̫ǰ˶ҩŴСѾ޹
һˣ˷۱ȥ֪үôء
üݺݿڴϺߺϣһøˡ
ӵˣ̫̫Сȥ˶ݣͼӴ׵Ľ˵ˣͷӣ˼ҾˣǲϴϱĶġ
үӵڵף̫̫ߥ޵ģЩӷּʱ̫үĳǰεһӣվߣҵҪǲҪӴ󷿿ʼߵ˶ɱˡ
ȥ˴ͷԺ
ԬȥѰһ齹Ƶױߺĸ֣ɩȥ֣ҪҪˣ㻹ڼ̥ɣҲµ¶ˡ
ԬĳռԺӣС·ȥ˶
ģٽȥٽҡͷͩأʲô»ǵģ˵Ṧ򣬶ҲǸ̵ģүǲֵ˵ġ
ϰһ治֪ʲôĲ𣿷Ҫ
ٽԺһȴ˷ܵϣӡ
˵Щ˲ֵͬ飬ԭġ
Һõﶼˡ

үֱ̫̫嵽ݣƼһ˶ûС
վ뿪ʼƿڴأ˶ĶȥˣˣҲ֪кļҵļҽ̣
ˣϹʲô
սӶݳڵ̫̫һҪҲүӣǺЦôҪӵĶϱ˵ȥҲ±˴ǵļǣ
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̫̫һæ˭˵ͷҪˣҪҪǲִɩ
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ռҵļ£ûϵ߿
̫̫֣ս˭֪ק˼קûקս
̫̫ŭˣ߸ߵ֣ǻŭսȥ
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̫̫ŵһ£紥Ƶ͵˻ȥ
սһĵĴ̤߽ݣߴ׳˶ӾӸµĿ̫̫һۣƳүӣ˵̫̫ĵԭأôүǾսûˣôϱ۸Ҽ
үһѿݺݵ̫̫һۣﰵ˵˵ʲôֲ֣ԼҶӶϱʹ
Сһʱżģȥ
ûûûš̫̫ŽŽһսɱһۣһĻȥ
ҸɶȥϱֶˣҪǲһɤӣһƻкȥˡƮƮĻϣǾǰӣսǺЦӶү
ǿˣͷӳϡТΪ۸ԼˣǰҿԵġ
˵̫̫ΪɶҶս֣ǻǾսҸǼҶߵĽ˸һһˣ۸۸
һͷ̫̫Ϊǡ
үؿڷƣֻսС֪ôһ˿ڣˡһ˫Ӵż⿴Ÿս߽ݵҪָɣ
ȴսЦЦб˵һ仰ҭЩ
ҪǲǿȥҴ˵ռûаǮĸϵǼҸ϶׽ҲݲǶҼ˶ֶŵģ
˵
үڴԲûһۣսսⲽ˶ݣȥˡ
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ڻأ͸ԼɫԺˣ۸ӣ
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սǺЦ̫̫Ǹ֤Ժٲ֣Ȼ
ѧүӵһȻǾϱʲôʸִҼ
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үĲУֻõմ϶ҵı߶¶壬壡
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үؿѪڣתͷݺݵĵ̫̫úõģ㶯ʲô֣ΪŮأԼ˴ǰ˼ҿɲգ
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ейһָ׸Ƕүӻǵ۾һ˶һۣ̫̫ϽСϱǸԺ󻹸Ҳųݽѵˡ
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̫̫õ˷ݶĥŲһ˫۾Ƶһһɨսս
սŤͷߣˣôˣҲΪ̫̫ȥҴＸ˵˵ҵĳûʸ۸˼ҵС
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̫̫үһŤŵһ飬үϧڴǰǷ޴ȥôĻүԺ̧ͷˣͷ̧ͷҲӲˡ
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̫̫ˣɫЩ۸һӡ˵˵ȥȥ
սȻûͷ
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˰죬Ÿۣһս˻͵һɣ¶ظ飬̧Ĩһųĺ
үɫѿĵ̫̫ս塣
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үһתͷߵмĿһƨ£˺һŰĵ׻ɽһӿŭѹȥе϶л㡣
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ﾲƬ̣Ӧһ޽գϵú壬ȥ´ӽˮ˵Ӧ츮ҲǼҵĴ
ϳ˳ǣ֪ˣȥҲСĵ㣬үТѹ㡣
ЦҡͷЩˣЩõļʲôˣúϢһġ޽㡣
һɨպģȴ
ɨڴβŪлպģ˱ۣ޽§§ȥɡ
̾һվ˶ݡ
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վڶſڣ
үһǸü۶̧һµģһ񣬡϶ôܼҵģ֪֪ɩʲôڻڴϻԲѣʲôǰֵһȥռҿЦַּҶôֳһȥˣǲɢԸ
һ仰һ˵ɫҲζԶˡ
ҸĶԲǶģǳסôЩ꣬ҸϹǣΪһҪ޳ȥĹŮɩ֣ǿ͡
үֱĭҷɣǹŭһľȻûбӷŭ˵ֱŷˡ
ҸɩͲⱨӦ㵽ûģûй˼һֵ飿֮ģҿºģ㶵ģ㶵²ҪģǷˣ׵ôңУУզ˵ַּʱͦڵ㲻ǻƭ̫ү˵զӵĺ«һԲˣ˵ɩôǶˣҪǼ򣡡
Ҫ˵ʲô
˰죬̧ͷүһЦʦ𣿵Ϊϱʲôû𣿵ǾȫǶ𣿵˵ʲô˵ʲô˻˻ΪǶֹ𣿼Ȼ㲻ΪǶֹҺα˷Ѵࣿ
һ˵꣬üĿż⣬֪巢ʲôȥϱɣϱ˵ʵĻӦûΪʲôᶯ֡
үӱһĻ˫۷ֱ㡭ʲô̬ȣ㲻˵ô֪ҲΪֹ
Ԭϲ֪ʲôʱ͵˽սéݵǽվţү⻰Цһһ䣬˵ĺֹƵģשƤǱȳǽ
սͷҪ䲻Ԭ⻰ͷĿԬһۣԬϳٺЦſߵɩɩأ
սղǸ䣬Ц⣬ŬŬ죬ôʲô¶ҪԣСŵ㣬ͷ̫̫ˡ
ԬƲƲ죬ĵһӾûġȥɩ
ǽܽ˶ݡ
ս˹ǣԬȻռСˣԣ͵īﵹмġ
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үȻҲƼԬϵСҲøԼϱȥŮڣϱͲùܣ
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̫̫ȴûүӣָ̧Ϊôһ£ͶִˣϴϱˣϴϱΪǶ룬һӴ˺ӪûУǸѾͷƬǻ伸Ǯ˵û˵˭ǿӣҿӾǻڼǺǰ£Ÿ󷿣ͷӰҵÿడϴҾһģǼĶԺϲĿȫָأɲϴϴϱİ¼˴Ҫϴϱ
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ΪɶҪŮжֲȱǮ̫̫һͦͦظ
սƲ죬ǣǮҲǮĸӸĶ࣡
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ҵˣ˼ֻһЩӵǸϵļܶˡ
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С˵ȥǸ
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о仰˵ûǶģ˵һ䲻˭ǿɣϱ˵ͶִˣѵǵĲԣ
үǺӣ뵽ԼǶܻͺ޲ʱ䵹˻ʮǰʱһ
¶ǶԣϱǣɩҩǮҲǶ
үһȫڵѾԭȶĻƴӵˣ
սս񾭲һүӡ
̫̫ϲһĿүӣͷӣǼһƫУ
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үЩȥ
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үӵüͷһ𣬺ȻʲôĶԶԼ
ԷּǿǶռլѪԵ޸ϵǶ¶ռԺһ˵ıˣҲԺ˲ҪΪǶõ¶´Ρ
ĿүӺ̫̫ķ·ûһ˿¶ȡ
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үӺȻһɫ
̫̫ŵĻһ£˫һ˵ϡ
Ӹµ̫̫ĿүӣЩֻ˵һ飬ˣúùܽĶӶϱǹܲãҲܣ
һ֣ҧĺء
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߰ɣԺҪǼˣǲҲ磬ǲᶯ֣
үıͷųĻɱŵˣɱ죬޵Ѫ֮ĵ׿־ҪŻµĸй٣ݴ˺һ³֣㡭ãõĺܣ
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ݣԬϴţЦǰս۾ɩɶ¶ôģ˵ֺֺǡ
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սҡҡͷٴԬϡ
ԬȴȤĸսƨɺ߶ɱɾ࣬ÿˮȥĩ̳ˮ֣ѪˮθɾõΡ顢轡ȥӵĿոУŵСˮͩտСһʱСӡ
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ϣս˳ֺ棬ڴ˼ɽڻҰܳԵģŹˮһ£ΰ͡һ裬緹ͳˡ
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սһӴԬȥ֣Ǹͼӵ緹ĴˣԣҪҪˣ
ԬϰϵĽһƲƲ죬ܳԱ㣬ҪɶֲǶƤ
սԬͨ˵ģ֣ˣĥߴˣ֪㻹Сĸ
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Ԭϱս⻰˵ģЩ飬ǺǸЦһҰ죬Ҳû˵һҪ԰Ҿζ㲻֪ͷ̫ŶûĲˣÿˮģҳӶϴɾˣʺϡε
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һ㶼డܰæ֪ж࿪ġ
Ҫ㣬СܵܶãҲᡭ
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Ų͵׽ˣһ׵׽㡣
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ͩҡͷһ磬ȥ԰ɡҪúÿŻأҪȡ
Ȱ˼ȰֻЩȥݣĽ޽ȳԡ
ԼҼҰˣȥĸŸо˵ʣ಻סеˮȥӡ
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ѹСԼĪӺͩﻹȾŵľгˮˣЦеĿˣʢȡ
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ܾü֮λεǵ⣬ƣƣǽˮĲүүϲӴˣ
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ܾ˻վڲԶһ˫۾Ƿŭѿ
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ܹѸЦݣһץסӣģܾҪԼ׹Ů޸㣿
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ǻؼҡ
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ܾ˳ܼҹʹ˸ɫܹæС׷ȥϣүôأЩүүǻźҼСĶϲأүǰ

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ܾЦ˽׼õĺֽëóдݻ飬Ƚ£ȥøС㣬СǩԼ֡
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164 

죬һһԼɵظľʲŵĻ㡢ˡ
ľ΢΢һЦüչǣˡ
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΢ͷĽëһͶһƬӰЩ׵ɫƬ̧̣ŭĵľȣģģǲ͵ģĵӿ󣬾Ͳ֪˴ƨɿ
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ľҡͷɫƽûдûйֵ
ϻ˵ʲô̫̫俪˿ڣ÷ˣ


165 

һȻĻͷ̫̫׸Щίɫ
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ӦһҪ÷סһ
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167 ǧۣӸ

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һۣס˽Ų
⻰˵ģⶫʱ󣬵Ȼͼ˭ȱǲǣҪǲԼȻֵʮģҪҿֻܸ⻹ǿܾ˵ŮϣֻƹЦеľʳָ˻Ρ
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170 ˣҪҲ

Сӡ
Сӱű۵ĸ첲飬ëҵĴưйͷǻܴݶżȳ԰ڣơƾļͷ۽Уͷһƨ˴ơë˺þءţ˵ܺãҡҲǹҪ͵ӵġүүˣûǮүүĨᣬ۾ҪϹˣҾһȥүү
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歸ľʹ˸ɫԺӣ¿ŻС޽ҴܴܣҴܴܣһһСܲͷԺӥ׽СϷ
ľڴͷϣүӰ΢΢üʻľͩ뻨̣үүǲǿѪˣ
ͷ̧Ĩɲⶼüˣÿ춼һѪ⡭ǲǡ
ľͩ˫һϣĿľȡ
ľҡͷүүǲܹˣȻŻүүؿڵλã
һΣľͩ۾ͷ絷⣬үүǰ͸ɲȥܼܼǺĵĹܼһ󵣵ĲֻǮүүҪ㣬һߵؿڣðչǲүѪģүүǲǻоȡ
ʲô󲡣˼еʩ룬ûүүһʱ䣬ٳһЩѪĶⲻ󡣡
ģүүľͩ˷ܣȴЩ۾һգգĿľȡ
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ľͩ˲ӿ˳һߵͷһӦչүүʩɡ
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ȥҪһͻЦŴľȵĻ䣬˰˰֣Ժӡ
ľȱƽյӪ֪үүÿռ̣һЩ˷첹ϴǮĻľͩŻүүѧһֱӵգүүһȫḷ̌ͩĻľ޶֪ҪŰϴǮүү
ľ̾һׯ˼ѣڽˮҲס
歺ܿ˻ߵĸ˪ľȣ˪Цűȭ
ľȵ˵ͷӹ룬ﻨүү˼룬˳дһҩݸ˪ͷһˣȡ
Ҽүͷϡ˪ٺһЦʱүѾԸˡ
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ľͩæӦս㡣
ؿҲһţ˵ĲᣬҲһ룬պøүүһҩ
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ߵùһЩүүһѪġ
ŻˣæŻľͩͩչġ
ľͩԥĿ˸˪һۣľЦЦҩǮ˰ţͷʲôʱˣٻǡ
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үһЩעľ歴޽Ҳ뿪ˡ
ľͩǣ뻨վԺſڣֱӰʧתȥһ˸߲ҵæţ˱ͷ˲˾
ЦǺǵæ
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˵үү͸ܸػȻҩͰ׳ˣЩȹǹǡ
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صͷ
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ʢүӶľȵͼֽܸȤǿͼֽ˲䣬Ӧ˸Ľ̡
ΪʱҪľϸڣľҲͷܡ
һգľȸյɸûã׼ϢһȥСʢүӣͻȻ
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һԽδĻ˵Ƚģ֪ʲôˣү嶼ȻѣΪȴɣʲôΪ檵¶ֻǡŮӣӳڸҪȥɣڷ˼ңŬһЩһҲ²ӣ㹻һӡ
ʱüͬĿһۡ
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ļүֻϵĺѡЩԡ취ùܡˣָôˣ
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ܲζܾŮ˲ҪˡҲǣ÷ֵ̫ˣȽŲˡ
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⺢ӣԼҲôЦһȤŮȴֻ̻̲Уоģܡ
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ŷӦͷģеڣΪʲôʱؼң˸ӸŶȥկ㣡
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Щ˳ǣҾ鶼ȥôˣȽǲ
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ͫ͵һɫ˲һݣܿظ糣ҡҡͷЦǶħˣܸɩǽܺͺáûʲôϣˡ
Ͷɩû˵Ǹӣܲԭ´󷿣ҪȽɡʮˣɫɫˣķӦ类Ȼ粻˵ҲǿֻǣԺȽǡָ̫Ŷˣûͷһ£ЬʲôģǵĶŵرǴЩ޵ķʸĻǾ˭Ĵȥɣ
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ŵܵȥıӰͷȥɸſڣͼľҲת棬ɫɻɬѱ棬ԭվ˺һ̧ŵķȥ
ֻǣǱӰЩȺǡ
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ظֱһ޼ģ
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ĵҡҡͷЦݿɬ
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ϵ۾ͻȻˣ˵¾£æҵĸᣬΪЦһΪһܲˣһ˼ҪТ˳ء
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ģĽŵЩƣǽŽ½ϣŽеɵˣǱԼġ
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үӵ˲Ŀ󣬡ģõĲѧѧ⸱ˣֵ


171 Ͳ

ε̾һļҲǿõģļûһһȺڵץӵСӺðѶӸϳļңĺæܼѡ
ʾүӵɫԻ˻
ǰ˲ͦõģôȥļҴ򹤣ЩǮ˼ҡʹûǩԼҲƹʹģοȥǷ
үǰƹܾõһȣڵĴиж뵽Լǰϱ˼ִȺ͡
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үӸǮ̾һͷһת˵үʱƹ£źۼүӵƨүӵɫת磬ü۽Ĩ֮ɫ
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үӰһȻ׳־ȥúĥһҲãֻǼţռмǵģĪΪЩͷС
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⻰ɲ˵ȽúõΪʲôҪԼ㻵Լʲôô˲̫̫ĺЩɲҴȥȻΪռҲŮʮ˴ǴˣŮӻôΪˣô˵ףñȵ꣬ʮ¿ɾʮˡ
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ΪһڼܹʮկүӶԣ⻰λεĴžžž֡
ʣộ
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ҪʮĴˣģ廨²첹ɶɶᣬýһҵĹŮߡ
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үſ󣬡ģȥ˵һҵ˵ĶԣҼȿռңҲҲţҷſģ;ռѾͷҪ£š
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һ䣬үӳ֣ǰүҪ˵ʲô䲻Ƽһ۰Ͱͳüͷһ壬ӹһĨ˰֣ûˣһȥɣ˵Ļǵõ˭Ҫ˵
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Ͽ۾죬ôԼһôˣүӸ̫̫ˣ
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յ϶ߣ˼䣬ãȻİһƬ̺Ӧ˷ܵĶǺˣһѾסǰѣģɣûүķٽɣ
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Σ§§ļ򣬡ȽסѼң˼棬Ҳల£һȽϿСݣ˼ҪҰһסȥĻʱٽͩȥߣȽæʲôģθǱ߻ͷҲһпվȥӦӦȽ
˵ʲô̾һˣɩȰһǵȶȥȰɡ
Цŵ˵ͷֽ䣬ȥݽŮϣſ첽뿪ңȥ˹·ţ԰

һߣصԺһϣЦЦȴĿɬ
ʧĴͷȽǲԸ𣿡
Ƚһʱ䣬¸չȥûá߹ȥȰοϣû˵ͱҡͷϣ̧ͷ˫Щ죬磬ȽĹˡ
Ƚһ׽ǵģֻҪһЩʱ䡭ĺЩɣԺھɸʱȽͶǷ޵ĲΣһʱ˵ȥ
ѹʪۿץ䣬磬˵ȥȽȥҴˣҸ˵ҵĴԭ𣿡
÷ⲻԭ²ԭµ¡˱ۣȥȽ϶կ˵ûǵĸ뷨ֻǡֻǲϢĽ±ˣȻԼȥȴһûǡ
뵽⣬Щѿıͷ
ϵһףɿɫȻҲãڵѾСʱˣȽ޸ʲôҸԡ
ͬĵͷܹѸһֱȽ˳ۣʹȽβףҲȼ鶼ˣҸʱҰ˵ģȽ
˳ĬһͻȻһ£û𣿡
ϵʻɫһ䣬϶һۣҡҡͷûᡣ
ʱֻȽ̬ȣôҪ¸ˡ
ҸȥҪɡ
ͷϣӻûóף洵ˣݰɡ
ϵͷһ߻ݡ
պĶԺ£Ŷ˵ĽŲԶеľһһŵһѣĴӴܣȴһŹľֱܱȫϵʬ壬ŷ߷ߵĶļ̌ųȥ
磬ܹѸϱӰ˵ľȿǼҪǼرֻʹףǡñܾ˿ʱתʱүＸ͵ĳץס
үżȫˣȥͼӴ׵˵һ飬ֶαԼȴ踾֮ڻռҪܹѸռҶȥ̫ү̫үߣ֮
ܹѸŵɫæ˵ֻͼڿ죬ʵܼҿǼرӸռѾͷףǼҲǱΣ
үŷŹһԺ˵ٸں˵˵͹ʮկ
ܹѸﹾ䣬˭Ҳû˵ʲô
үӴһȺ˷ȥܹѸһڣͷ˵ʲôһŤͷһŮٶƲ쿴ġ
ռ˼Ҷıˣզ˵ѾͷĻҪҪˣ
ҿ͸϶ӳǼһЩǳԺ϶ҶǮ˼ܼң˵ܼǮˣҸðЩԽȥǮ³ˡ
٣ܹѸģѳԽȥ³𣿡
ɲǣ׶ˣܹѸöģ
ɱ˵ܹѸ̶ֻû˭ҹô
һѸĴһӣˣ˵⻰ġ
ϣ⻰˵ģŵĵʮկҲǮģܹѸҪǺúţ䵽׼ҽӼõĵزЩɶȥϿӣûҵ˸⣬ҿҪռҶĸ粻֪ôˣܼңְռѾͷͳٺ١˵վüģǼӴ
ܹѸĵָſڵϱ˵ɶ˵˭Ǽˣ
˭ӻ˭¡ϱӲŲһԼС´ܹѸ˵ܹѸϸö˾壬Ҳ֪ŵĵͷûɶ
˵ţΧ׽˼˼ۣɶɶףһ뿴ܹѸ塣
ܹѸֻѪҺ˵˵⣬ļŮ˳ȥģҲ⣬ѵֻŮ⣬Ǹ𣡡
Ӵ㵹б£б±ѼҲ˸һɶ
һȺ˺ôЦ
ܹѸ޺޵ĵſڵϱӣϱ˦۶ϣүôūңūҺúѽүòῴҲ˳ۣɱڰɣ
ΧһôЦ
ǡǡܹѸĻָ̧żϱӣ˵
Ƭ̺һҶӵ˹٣ôң
˵գ˶ţԼҵСʣԼȥ
һȺϱĭʲô׾ףܻѾͷҪóˣѾͷõǼͷȥ
ϣɲǣһܹѸǻųһ亹ϻεǼҴſڵ˸ˣ߽һҵɲռѾͷ
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һϱ׷׵ͷͣ²ѡ
ˣϽɢ˰ɣĶ̫˵˼ֱ䡭
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ϡ
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ͩӼ˺ϱ̽ͷ˶ԶˣųһۿܹѸȥıӰһ֪ĸ˵Ļ´οɾͲǱšôˣߺߣ
ϵ֪үΪľȳͷǾһ

ȥľһ棬ʮկ˵ˣǱڣԿزǸƲ㡭СһЩ
ľȴͷһ̧ͷЦЦлл塣
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Цˣɣ㿴ţǰһ
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ˡ
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Ŷˡľȴͳһƿҩ࣬ǰ˵ﰲҩ࣬ҩЧһЩһʱ䣬Щ˺һʧġ
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һŻ˭֪үԣĲǴ󺵾ǺԣеճɣֱЩ̰ˣʵû·һЦɬ
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ľҲͣҵˣǰӽʣ½ʣһıˣһʲֻ
ݿ밲Сܣȷ˵ƻָҲܺúľŰ˵ȥԼСݰæ¡
붼͵ͷ͹ȥæҽõĲˣҲܰæ񡭡
СݻװޣҪӣʱ֪ͨ㡣ľЦ
ҲЦãͷҴСܺҲǹȥæ
ľգۣ֮á
ӴЦ
ôǵĻĪЩᣬȽôõˣֻİ˶ϲպǲװȫʺôȽĺã
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Բۣ⡢ⲻǸ˭𣿡
ⰲһȥȥˣ
үȥץˣץвУ
ɫһ䣬ӳǰһ뵲סľȣһ棬˫һַ䣬ֱ޵ľ밲¸ǰ̧һЦץ˭
ģһӵģ
⡭⻹ץץ
ȥץһǶ򲻹һ
ץȫץץҾүһһӿ߽һѵŮӣһľȣϽ˸ץ
ľ΢΢ۣˡ
ĵ


172 м˾Һ۸

ĵвץȽʲôҧһڣ۵ĵռҴ󷿲ʲôöҲʲôöϽ̹Ȼ̵ıӿɲˣĻòʧүĳ谮ɱֹû㣡
ҲʲôöΪߵıʲôöĵЦһָ̧ľȣôĺñãպΪʲôˮ
һ⻰ʲô˼
ʲô˼ĵЦĿľȣľˮûˮʱ볶ȥܿңҲץסպģ
üͷһǹһĨĵԼ˼Ϊ˶һ𣿡
ľĿһۣһůء
ȻɨսǴ紵һȹľȻĵͷǰһ歱㣬ĵԲҡǹܿҲǹ¶վԱߵպġ
˵ˡľȣǹģĵЦЩŤ正ûУľǹģ뺦Լá
ܣȽˣܣ死ͷһľȣûһ˿ԥȻһЦᶨ
ôһ仰͹ˡ
ľһЦ歱㡭
Ƚ㲻˵֪ôԭģǲպҲˮ˫Բʱ뵽һֿܡ
ľǳǳЦǻá
歲ŵĿǣ
ľȵͷ
ҧгݣ̧һӣĳһڿնƿռХ
ˣ
ҵСŵˣԲۣ缸զ죿
զ죿뱻˻ǻȥү
ĸ룡

ĵͷݺݵĵһȺ˳ɶѵСˣǻŸʲôȥ˸Ұˣˣ
ȽҲҪû½һ֣ͷľ밲£ȽȻȥԴ󣬱ǡ
ЩĵĿһ𣿡
歰̧°ʹЦҿС͸үģȺˡ
űӰȥ춼
ŤͷľȣľȽ޽ݸ½㣬ȴ޽ȥ°ұ㡣
ľȵʱҵı뺷ģͷ޽˻ȥ㿴޽ôˣָ棬ˡ
ɫ䣬밲ĸɫǸһ䣬߹ȥһⵣҧȥƴˣ

ĸ׷˳ȥ
²ĵĽ޽Ļ㣬㱧޽ҪȥҡҲȥæ
»ܣźɨ㣬˹ȥץ𣬼˳ȥ
ĵҲȥɽŲһֶסˣɣûǼأЩ⺢ӡ
޽°ͷ밲οеСŮȴ޽һ˫ƵĴ۾ˮĿŴ㣬޽£ģҲ
ЦЦͷͣأҲ޽Ҳһأ
޽ߵգգ۾

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ҵȰˡ
ҵĶӣ۰
ĵָܻŵһװĸһСˣǡǾͲҸүһ
һȺ˿һ٣࿴˶Էһۣ
ĵɫǺ죬ǡǶˣ
ľһЦʶʱĵǲҲ볢ҵıӣ
ľ֣ƿն죬˿歵ģĵŵ㡢ңľȣý㣬Ҹǡ
Ӵ㻹֪գ㲻һһΪ룬ӺıҼҲ𣿡ľųޣĵתһȦ
Сһɴۡ
ĵɫһ䣬㡢˵ʲôʲôʱ˵ıҼҲˣ⡢ԭȹǼүʱĹƣԣĹƣ
ԲۣĹҪģЦһ˦еıӣȽÿҪѾݣѾɪ
ľȳǳǳһЦһҪżɫӣһŶȴȵСˣ𣿡
СҡͷҪϲǼүĻţ
ľЦЦбۿĵƣǼС˶Ϊʲôм˾Һ۸أ
ĵŭСˣСɪһ£ľЦˣʲôǼү֪ŮıҼҲôƤأͽǻ
ľȣ˵˵ĵҪ˹ȥļ̌˦һޣĵŵʱסŲŵĵľȣ㡢Ҵңľȣý㣡
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ĵһ
ϵĳҲʱһ١
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ĵͫһӶ˶ҡ˵ǡĽҵң˵˵Ƚ˰һһΪҳͷ϶԰˺ںֻҪ˵үץ˰ˣȽһȥңʱǾ׽Ƚץסҩ͵үĴϣ²¶
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ͷˣҶҲĵġģһͳȥѰסͰߡ
ҪڽˮʲôˣѡľεЦЦȻȥ½ȥɸһˣѰסļҳ棬˲ҷ
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歲ŵĿʼ磬㰮Ųඡ
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ľָڴ䣬һָָ档
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̫̫֣߹һץסȥԺӡ
Ƚ歽˵ǲģպĸռҴǸĵͨһ𣬴Ҫץ㣿һţɼѾȼŭ
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˶үӴŭ
÷ôĺӣôôݶ˷ָĹŮ
̫̫ɫҲѿ
վţү̣²ôˣպĵѾˣٹϢ


173 Ҵʲô

ľվţӣûٳ
ٹϢǸβٹϢ
͵ڣǻպģպҲɵǶԼ
־պͬʱˮȴֻܵľպĶûпʱһպĶµЩʱˡ
ľ򴽣ǳǳһЦ纣Хɣȴ޲ֻһ˫İס
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үӻ֣ϴϱһȥϽϴģʢҵ£һ٣ٶȥʮկ
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死˵ʲôһ۵ţһ߷µСӣߵºüֻ֪ˣ֪ˣ֪ˡĽš
歴ŭ֪ʲô֪֪ˣ
һĹȥ㻹Ӳǲǣȥջȥ
ŤͷϣȦ΢΢ź졣
һ̾һԼ˵䳯ͷȥľȵıӰۣŮļͷ֪ȽҲۣˣʲô£Ľ˵
㲻ң歵ɴۣϡ
üͷﲻ㣬ٸﻹøһԩĻᡭ
ĵ׿ڳϣ˭Ȼ
һĵô˵ݺĵأ
㻹պ˵Ƚ𣿡ŭĻ¡
ϼˣܺô˵أʲôʱպ˵ˣ
̧һĵ歵ϣʲôʲôʱ˵ˣֻȰ㲻Ҫô嶯ʹִҲվǰĽֲʲô
ĺݺݱͷҲ˵ȥȽ˵
ˣһקסԼŮȥݣڼңջȽһ˾һһպô
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ð죬Ÿ˵һ仰Ƚȷպĵġĵʱ˵Ƚý㣬ȽܴȽ˵һ仰
в˵һ١
ýʲôģҽңˮʱǵûˡ
ŹڵľȼĻӳЩľȻͷϵĺ󱳣֪Ƚ˵Щʱ˵˾ʲô𣿡
ûп
һЦȽ˵պģ𣿡ȽһͷպĶڹս͵ҳȥʱĶ˺ð죬̽ͷûǲȹߡ
Сú͹øƫ̻պģҪǲȽ歺һ죬ֺ̧ĨһҲˣһպģҵױãּĶҲ
̾һ
ү̲ӲģҲǲͨˣպҪ۵ģ˵˱ܾڴ˵ĿʲôүСúøٹϢ飿
ģϡ
ƳһۣΪأøһСÿʲôˣ
һۿ̴ѡ
ЦҡͷˣЩϢһȥϡ
歵ͷר˻
ϴżǡôӵ˴ϵâ̫̫ЦŵׯˣһʱźüѾ쳡ˣǲҲҲѳ
˵ţְõ̫̫ǰ㿴룬űȥҪãſű
̫̫ǿͷȥϴ׼Էˡ
̲̫̫̬е㲻ԾմݳϿȥĸ˸ɫϻ⣬Цŵͷȴȥϴһϴ
һԵĺǰԹ̫̫үҲûԺ˵л飬һǰһݡ
ʳʲô¶˵ˡ
Ϻðûع񣬡⡢ô˵ģ¶Ѿȥô֡ĽҪʲô
˭֪أ̾úõģҪ»֪ôء
Ҳ̾СΪǰ¶СӶûãôһ硭
ӿЦҡҡͷ

˵պˣռҴ󷿣ƼŮ˿ѪĻңȻŭ
ŮȫһƤ๴ү谮ģһҿɶָŮүǰأ˰̵ڶ˳谮Ҫộ
˽ˮõŮĵ˿ڣ˱֤ù̵ҩӺúĵһ˳ңֱʮկڵԺ
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ڹûеһʱס歱ɣľվԭأûжϽ§šǳǳЦݣɣϣ˭׳Ļȥ̺;ϾҾվ歱ߣӵʱҲˣҪղ˹ȥպϣǿԵס歱һ޵ģǡ
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˿űһ¶׹ǵĸ첲ɫɷףͷ亹ֱðлл֮


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ɵҲ֪ԭʦǷ֮ˣ÷ꡣ
ĹʦȵʮĹʦѾʮˣȵλʮ꣬λʮ꣬պʮ꣡ȵۻǻ϶ԭʦĻǡƴӣô˵㶮ɣ˳Լͷľȡ
ľȵͷҲ˵ԭʦ˵ĸı֮ġ
ɱˣϻԥɱˣصͷ
ľĵһ
ǵã̫˵Ǿ仰˵㡢㡭ԭʦ˵ûǸȻӵġ
Ǹ̫˵ԭʦ˵ǻӵġ
͵ĵɴ۾Ŀľȣ㡢㿪ʲôЦ㡭һׯ˼ҵŮޣûԭʦô̫ӳϹϵõ̫ģǶǷǸġ
ԽԽ͡
ľȱۣ̾һһǺ棬ҵҵĸ˭ԭʦô

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歵ң˳뿪
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ţȥϺϵɫ͵һ䣬߬ס歵󣬡ʲôˣ
ǡǱ׷ɱϲЩ˸ɱˣȽ˵ǽٶ֣޽˽ˮ򣬸ǵĺҩⶾ歺µֽŷ
ϷŮү̫̫ͽڼҵῡ
ү̫̫һϵˣɫ̾ͱˣ̫̫ͳȥϺʬϲðḷ́ԴΣѪݣѪݡ
һ͵ͷȽҲ˵Ѫݡ
үһѷס̫̫Ըΰʬͻȥ˵·˽ɱұɱˣĲҪ˵
һԣͷųתϺȥ
үӿһۣȥ˵
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պûܴϢؾ˿ԡüˣռҴһȫҵպǰջռǸĵҪȽ϶֪ȽãҲ֪Ƕ䣬嶼ʦ֪ˡ
үšüͷȥһˣ̽һ̽
үȽҪҪԥƬ̣ڵڰȽ֪Ҫŵ˭ܱʲô֪
ү̧֣סδĻһܾˣȻȥЪŰɡ
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촽˶û˵ʲôϳ˷䣬ˮϴһѣʵڳԲ·һͷԵ˴ϡ
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ͷϣȥүô˵
Цת뿪䡣
ŷڵϣһֱûҹģģ˯˹ȥ

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177 ÿ

ϣЦģȥǶЩ
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ôΪЩǿ۵İʢĵΪ그µ


178 蹷ҧ

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С˴ӻͳһ˵ˣһʮţļҸ¥Сݷ˾ˮĻ࣬Ҳ͸ǧүϽǮˣСүһûȥء
ԶҲˣСֺģЩͬĲмӵĿ⣬ĳ裬һӶ˵ĳ裡

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ҪǻӰ˸Ŀ޵ˣǼҹŮףǸɣ
ľȾĿ
ҧЦҿǲң±ҲĿ˾ɷļˡ
δ䣬˦һ棬žһϣһգ۵ҽг


179 ǱҺθ

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һһ˷ܵĸߵĻֹԹԣôǵһţģϸƤĸ͵ﳤľǲһŻĺܡ
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һߣｫӲϣӹ޽ͷһڻľֹȻޣһ㶼񫣬û񫣡
ЦЦյߵ˼䣬۾


180 

ſûߵڣǱ߾мööģϴڷ԰Ĳܷ˵һ޶
ͱͱľȣЩʲôˣ
ͷ̫үķˣղܣᡵة˵ģٺ漸Ӧλ˹ϵ׽Ů졭һҸܸ歱½ʶ
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Ҳͷһƽ񣬸Щ̫̫СҲ˵һҪʶ
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գգۣûж
˵꣬ԼһЦ˳
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ѹ˵ᡯ֣˵껹̫ү˵˵Ļ
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ܷһЦƽѾͷѧƶˡ
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ܷŰƼ˰ɣСϴߺһֱ߶ڣҺ÷򣬴ŵѾ͵ܳȥǳҵģʶСڣԼ˳ǡ
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˵꣬Ť˸СŮ״촽ŽԹ
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ÿ𣿡ŹסﺬߵĿľܷˡ
˶һۣ׶ǿѹµЦ⣬ͷÿ̱ð棬˵֮˶ˡ
˽һЦеĽƮƮķܷǰᣬܽȡЦ˼ҡ
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㲻ϰ壬Ǹһ֬Ǯľ΢ӣЦ
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ܷӵȻսһĨţȴɫǳǳһЦΪźû½ȷʵϡҴδ½ǰʳò˫ˣһ㶼ΪʱٹŮĽʺ½㣬˵ǳĺÿĻƿͻᣬ½ʮװٻʫʮ䶯ò֪ŶǻڽϣϼҵƸСӦ֪ǻΪ̫Ȳ½ôʫӹʫء
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㶣ıȷʵǱң˳ȼ²ܼңɲܷ˻û쭣һСôꣿ
Ŀ˫Ҽסˣһȥд游游͹ùáΪʲôҪôڮ׺ң


181 Բ

Ȼ룬ͷʴ㵵ĵˣ̰ɣﲻһϷӳõҵŮʦ֮ңô˵ĸҪ游Ҷ游๫ĵ游游Һ̼ҵļҽô¶
˵꣬˵ܷ˻һίùãҲϲˣ̫ûмҽˡ
˱곤ʲôǣҲֱԡֶܷŮͷӹһĨ͵Ц⡣
Щ˵˵СȴǲܼҵĵŮĸҵĵŮأ˵ĻŮ˱͡
ܷ˰СֶŮתͷɫէէ׵ˣĪ֣Сֱڿ죬˵ʲôǧҪϡ
ɨſڲܷ˻Сһİﰵ䣬˳ǣȵЦЦʾʱֳˡ
һҪϣһȥ͸游游дţǲܼȲ̼иڹΪôҲǰ壬Ҹǵʦ֮ңҫڮ٣
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ѧĵϲ̨ĶĴСѧĶһҲûѧôǱڵĸߵĲܷ˺ͳŮİ˵Ķ֡
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˼״ֻҧȥ
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գգۣ壬˵׵еΡ
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ȵſʮķݱ鲼洦ɼͷС֪ǵĴƹ˭ʱƹļֱ˳ӣҲ޲ˡ

յҹз紵ŰջδɢȥȣֵСģ֪ڲͣĽţһ˳Ĭ߳˺Զ
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ҹԾͳþãĿŴУŲֶŮߡḾһѻƣƱƵһˣ˵Цһ߬ŲĴҡڵſȥ
󿴵üͷš˴֣˵̻ļүķݣȽԼģҲûһùõôŻģŸȻģ޿̣ʱһȣնǣڸʲô
Ḿ˵ĽŲһ٣̧ͷæĸ磬Ѿͷ⿪˸꣬ƣ˳ۣЩǲףҿѾͷ׹ùãǾȻôңһͷѾͷЩȫˣ㡢㡢㡭ߣߣ
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Ȼնһİڰ֣զˣ˺ϻҲѾͷģ׹ùãԵõզˣ˵ⶫûȥǸܳԵģԼĺܿͷɣҪСӸңһ֪ءĸ磬òҲ֪ǼҰɣĸ磬ҿáҿ˵ˣڸүأĸ磬үǻȱ˲ȱҼǿɶܸɣæ˵˵ͣƹµҲˣŪ˷ɶģҼǿҲڳĳ£
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ллûУһ·Ͼ͹ˡնЦеĵòҦƣ治ɩɩţԵˡ
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ˡ
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үӿŮüֺֿĴһ͹óԵģû¾͸Ͻؼȥ
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ͷӣ£


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ն͵͵۲үӵɫһת䣬ҪţĸԸ׿˵ģǷѾͷļүϻ￪ģĸ绹мأ
˵ţһʵ˵үĸ粻ɶ¶ŵɣĸͦТ˳ô϶ҳϹϵҲôˡ
үӵɫն仰
ĸô»̣ҲҸǰĸҩٲҲգҸڣֲһõŮ˵֪Ժͱ
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ô̫̫ࣿһնǣϸʵ⻰׼𣿡
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룬ͩеǰ˵˼䣬ļ򣬡ȥ̸áСǿȥ
ţȥͩ۾СĴ򿪷ţԺһˣŽŷɿ˳ȥֱͷéݡ
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185 Ҳû

硢ɩȰɣҦƣȥ硢ɩһˮʡնеӭһȥϣһ߻ͷҦơ
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ֹ̫̫ĻšһѣҦƳʹüһšҸʲô
նɫĵҦһۣһתȻЦеĿϣ硢ɩԼңɶ
϶һۣϳնס֣̫̫ʲô𣿡
նǳ̫̫ü̫̫ҦһѣûƼɩСûãͷ𣿻Ͻɩһˮȡ
Ҳȥ˸ʹҰһ˯ȥҦƺһһŤԼݡ
̫̫ƤЩҲסһѾͷ
նǱѵȥɩˮ
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նüƳһۣЦеˮ˸ϣɩ飬ȵˮȻȥʱһЩûȥȡȽҲǵģôķݶˣզ֪ɩһЩѪӵҩԡ
ϵһЦӹˮŵһߣÿˣѾˣҪٻЩԩǮ˵ȽǮףǵúΪѡ
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ͬʱüͷ
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նǵͷҲԼҵġ
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ŭǺЦ
һһģĸŮɷѿģ˵ô࣬ǽĿģ
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˭̬̫̫һϣ۵˻һϣ϶Ҳ㲻ҲͰˣǿһãڹĺãԿһеİɣ
նǡ
նһʱĨᣬ磬ʵǼ̫ˡǰΪȽֵһ̫̫̫̫ǼǿӣŷС»еˮڹҲˣÿ춼վڴ߶磬ûģϵƤɹͺˣҲǡ磬ݵĶȥˡ
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صԺϵ黹ܺãԴ֮ʰװȥһˣʲôҪӣȽڿŷݣЩҰζøãҲʡʿļĽһῴţĽл˺ġ
㲻һȥҲþûȽˡ
ҡͷЦҾͲȥˣáȽ𲻿ĵ¡ȥɣϸϲЪһ
һŶԶ·ֲû߹ҹ·ЦЦһ̧ͷͿպվſڣĿǷޣһ˫ƽĲһӸеġ
ü̾һĽȥһˣúôڼ
պûгӹ֮ɫתݡ
ûպģļͷȥɡǵðѽ¸Ƚ˵ù˼ǣִţ
ͷЦЦŴˡ
Ժ￴Զһڵ㣬תݡ
պϲʱ˿߱䣬ûأһӣ
һͻȻԴģ۾ҲˣֻԼ̫ˣպ˵һҪ˯˹ȥ
պ˼϶ûӦ
¯ȼŵһɿݵĲݣЦһ˳ȥ
ľȣҵԼģֲ˵ģ
뵱ˣƫ㵱


186 ľ

Ůһǰһ˽ˮ
ʱľд
ܷ˼·æûһָŰ
ս㣬ҽܸܲһ˯
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죬ľȵĸ첲ս㣬ҺܹԵģ㿴޽ʱһ۾ͺãҲɣҡ֡
οİӴϽţǴȺ͵Цݡ
ľЦŵͷùõұסҲ޷ոù˵Ҫ𣿡
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û뵽ôϲľȣƼǺ࿴ľȼۣ˵ʱ±ǰ˲١
ľȲ֡ѾԺС˶棬ȥСһЩ裬ǰøŻкˣæȻ졣
һԺúȺãԶö٣ǧҪ̰Բ˷ʳ˷ʳǷݿҪǮġ
ϣСⲻ˵ʮǮܱզҪǮⲻƭ˵İɣ
ɶƭˣ㲻֪˵ԱԶٳԶ٣ʮǮҪһǮҪǳԲôǰռôԵ˷˶˷ѵⲿǮ𣿡
ǣΪ˷ֹĻģԲ˷ѵ趨ģ϶дء
ŶŶô¶һΪ˴ˣ֡ҿ϶ǳԶöٵġ
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һȺԿĸЦ
˳ֵܷĳԣʮķݹܳԱۣͯ
û뵽ˮҲôˬСнŮӢ˰ĳһ

Ӧˣȡһƣŵ˵ϣۼĻЦ˼歵˾ƣˣͷȥ
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󺺹ЦһţУþƣʹ죡
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춼ҪˣȥҪҹ·ġ
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̧˸ƣںԺдˣնүȰѶȥȥ֪ͨһԺնүȥ
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ȻСͨԺһ㶼ãϲСԺ¿Ǹš
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ʱ˳߿ȥƼվԺſڵģպġ
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պ򴽣û正ȴľɭһЦȻǡҵġ
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˵ҾҪ߸ϣǸ߲ʡ


187 үӱְ

ľۣķ֣а⣬Ǳ̫̫һӴʱģôպʲôʱģ
ûȵȻѱ޽˹޽죬һ˫ںڵĴ۾ˮһƬ㣬ء
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ε֧֣ҡҲǹģպĵ޽Ծ˼־
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˵Ǹ⣿ܷ΢ü۴һԵ֡
ֹͷū澵ʱڣԼԼˡڰ죬Ǹ˵Ļܶ಻׵ϵòƺܲǢ
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״ܷ˵üͷĽЩ˵ĵԭȵģүڵǰһ˼ȥѾߣ
ִӦǣ̫̫һƫԼĺӣռҶ޵ʹүӡһֻ۱һֻ۴ӲᣬĵΪ˱Ǽõġ
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ҧһ仰үʧǵģûһ㣬˵һ飬ߵˡ
˵˼䲻ʹĻˡ
һߣʮկĴը˹


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үӴŭľȻҪԲҪôԼүү
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ľбһۣ壡
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189 ޸ģ

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죬ľһװ˼ѵİϢĳԺӣԺſڵİ»ϣһ·ſڼȥ
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Ϊ³ʱûа׼һɫĺ˵ǧа˰еġ
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190 £޸ģ

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ָӡֻ۾ɵͭСˣ֪˭ҿǲˣƣ𣿻Ͻҽѵ
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197 ɽС˼

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пǰԺɷҵƺǷ޵ĶһӴ
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˵ţ΢΢ϥ
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׷ŹһĨȻ֮ɫЦŶľȵ˵ĹκĸĲĸǸмѣһֱѰᵱлһлտôˡĹһɱԶԼˡ
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ߣҾʲô˾Ҳϲң￴ĸͲң߷ߵ
̾һεˣֻ˵һ䣬ʲô˵˵ģϸЩȻ㻹ôԿ
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ףļҵС㣿ôûм㣿һɫ£ʯɫȹ˫ŮͷɻĿŶˡ
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198 ˭һţ޸ģ

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ܼʮС㣬ĽС磬ˣЫܼŮʱҩԼɶ±ĸ߽ڵĸ£ƫƧŮһԾΪܼĵŮĻԪǵ
ʮӭȢڹ⽨ԪǽպʮߣѡһºܿҪôʮСΪǿľҵİС϶Ҳˡ
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ȵڳϸɷ檣һȺӢδ޵ĹǰԺ󡭡
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Ŵ򿪣߳һʮˣ忡ֻ˫񣬳طЦЦл˰ΪΧ
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µľȣҷûпѾܵķֻһԺ䣬ôͻȻʧ
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һҴҸ£Цк˻ػЦŵлŻ˻
ڣںѾԱǰʧٲС㻹˭
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ңңľȣԼɳˣôС˻ܺúõԷ
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Ǹ˵лõֱǸ׼ȥЦǺǵĵżλ˵һǶʯΡ
ڵС˲ã˵Ĺǽˮˣ
ľȵͷ
ȻɽˮسſĹСС;ҽʦҲ˲á
ʦˣĽֻһ򣬵ҽ֣ˡ
Ц˼Щг˼䣬ŷľȥ
ľȵл밲һͬԶ
²ųһϣ˼̫ˣоһ仰м壬С㡭
ͻȻһ٣һ洫Ľҵ˶Ūȥˣҡ

յżŭ⣬ʲôĹԶĹͣǺſԶԺôھ£
㡭һҡҾĽЩŪȥˡ
ˣˣϽһȥ
նʩ񣬡նеĹ֡
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קߣٺ䣬±ĸֻøչԹԻԶ
·üͷų⣬̫ˣôпͷԡ
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ǰֻһ档
ı棬һȫпڿͷʱ
ʱڽһȵ򣬷紵ӣżȻһµŮˣߵѾ߸ǸӵӣʦŮ顣
ʱ꣬õʦŮΣүΣ˵Ϳ˵ɱɱ
ˣƫװӺݴȣɱ˲ˣʹҪ˵鲻ǸŮȴǵʦնСսǫ͵Ůݵλޱȣ£ͳŮŮȨϵĳݵλ˼̤
Ҫһ㣬鲻䵽궼
ľȱ˱ۡ
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պ󣬹ɽԺͻȻͣ
һ׾ûкӵĹ
ڰľȵ˶һ㶣Ͻȥүˣû취үô졣
µһμûкӵ̫࣬˺ôһ
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Ĺһ¶ЦݣĹ񣬻˵ĹֻشκСĲصۼһˣ빬ҪϼգĹʲôҪ׼ģϽ׼ţǵʱڻŵʱϸǰ
ʢĵҪ
˵ĸ׽˶֮
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199 һʺ1

˵ʲôʢĵ˰ȥˣʲôʱ£Ϊʲôûͨɽü΢䣬ע𣬡˲֪ݻʲôߴӽˮѵܻʲô
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ģ
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ͷǡ
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𣡡
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Ѿһ仰˵꣬¹ڹɽ¡
үһʱͿϥеߣһ𣬳ɽͷү
֮λɽЦЦбһۣ㵽߶ˣ
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ɴۣŵĿŹɽȥķϥ˼ֶסŤͷϣҡ𣿡
磬㡭
Ŀ⸴ӵĿڽˮҾ͸˵ǵүʲôڣʲôǾʲôҪ֪ԭֻҪִ᳹мɵĴڣʲôʮȥУ꣬һС֮λүǸ֪Լʲô𣿡
ҲΪүáͻȻЩ̡̻
ЦЦȾһ㱡ǲΪүãסбʱΪʲôϢӦʣ׸ǸѾߵĺʲôʱҲȥֱ¾ƺȺȡ
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϶㲻ңżȥϡ
ϴѥͳذףһȥŵһǱϡ
Ų㶼ҪԼû˭˵ʲô㶼ȥȻҪݵλԼȥɡһ㡭
̧𣬡үκ²ܴС㶼õ¡¶֣򡭡үֽ֣㣡
ĿűϸϵӣЩӦ˵ʲôˣǸһЩ飬ӲҪ̫עǾǸȶأʱбʢĵ۷ֵΣգʱǻһȺȫ꣡
ү򱱺δĺүǰ;ΪһЩ
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˵գԼ㶣뵽ʱ常ǧһҪ˽Сźŵ㡭
̫̳һ亹ǰһ̻ĵƱƴ˸¯̵Ҫȼˡ
˿֪ҵȽΪλ
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ľȵ˵ͷ̫һЦл˸֪
˵գֻƱ̫ŵһ˼ġĹﲻؿ
ľԴĺˮ˲ĵʲôЦŵ˲صĺ£Ͷʯ·ѣο˵ĶǹһҶ֪ģΥ档
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Ԭ幬ˡ
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С̫æͷ
̫˻֣ţҽȥʥòÿա
ľ밲´̫ĻϥӦ
̫һ첽˹ȥС̫࿴С洫˻
Ԭ̫һƼ常վƽյλãʥ˵Ц¾˼ףͷС˽ȥ常Զĵط£ʥϣĹˡ
±ڵ⣬ľһ˸Ԭ̫鷿
ŮĽߵϡ
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Щʢĵһȴ֪Ϊ
ʢĵ۶ֱԲһ˲һáҽǸ˭ѧģ
ŮһηУҽ˵ãŮҽǸѧġ
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ʦϲڹɽˮ֮䣬Ůɽ֪١
Сʱȷʵϲŵʹȥɽϴԣ¾̲飬ʮկĴҲ֪Щ굽ɽûмôˡ
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ˣ㡭ͨʲô跹˼ûзӿΣʢĵЩϣĿľȣâ΢ľȻץסˡ
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ľȵͷػϣҽУŮֻм˲Ÿ˵ԼܲΡ
Ԭ̫վ常岽ԶĵطŲľȣҲЩĿ
ܵҽ֣м汾µģ汾µ˶
Ȼʺ￴ġѹ常Ҫźš
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ʢĵۿһ̧֣Ԭ࣬ȥˣҲһȥ
˵գ˳ȥ
ʥϣͷͷūŰŸ
ˣ˴ɡװȥʡʱ䡣ʢĵ۵Ԭ࣬ĥʲôأϽ˳
Ԭ̫常Ӧһ΢ľһЦĹ롣
Ԭ̫æȥľȡ
Ԭ̫常ȥ˴ɡʢĵߡ
ľȳȥʱڶ̫£ɨɿЦˣľȸſοһЦ
߰ɡ
ʢĵƳ˶һۣæͷľҲϥӦǣǰ£ʢĵһ·ȥ


200 ϻʺ2

λ幬б󷽣ʢĵóԼ޹ĽɣԼӱ鷿幬
Ľ֮ʱٹ飬֮Ժ֮ĽŮӾסʵΥзʥ˼
ʢĵȴȻŭҵ£ͻʺ£ѾԻʺңϲԻʺ
Ǭ幬סǻʺסĽѣҲȥסкβɣ
˵ͻʺסǳҵļ£˿ߺȻȥԼҰԼӸϳԺ˵
ٹټʢĵ뵽ҸӵĲЪ˼ֻΪļ岻ʱĳˢһ´ڸУʢĵÿζŭһȻҵһ顣
˼İٹԻϣ˵̨ʢĵ۽Ϸȥ
ȫ񿴵Ķʢĵ۶ϻʺʮٳ費˥»ʺδãʢĵȻţаʺ
˼ӵ
òʢĵ۳Ҷʺָʹʢĵ֮乬ҸǾʹû䣬Ӿʧ
Ҳ˫̥ӵĵаʺ󣬱ʢĵ䣬ʮڹ裬չһͷȴֻС
ֻпƵ͹ʺ󣬲ŵںվȽŸȹ̵λĶˡ
ʥϣˡԬ๪ҪҪūȥͨһ
ʢĵ۶סŲ̧ͷױд֣ͣ˺һ̾˿ȥɣʻʺߵ˻ʺտɷпգòã顭ҾͲȥˡ
ʥϡԬЩ̡
ʢĵ۰֣ȥɡ
Ԭʹ˸ɫԬ̫࣬Ԭ̫æ߹ȥվԬλõԶԬŶȥţű˴ڴ򿪣̽һ˫ѾٵĹŮԬͲԶʢĵۣɫһ䣬ŤͷҪˣԬһס죬꣬Ҫš
СŮɴ۾ͷ
Ԭɿ֣һۣССŮʺɻãʥҽʺ￴
СŮΪֻֿŵĿ۲Զʢĵۣҡͷˮļ٣˯¾ͱˣڷóдء
ԬüǡֻСҽȥأ
Ԭ˲ӣСŮʢĵľȣСŮƺû뵽ҽôСһʱЩ⡭ȥʹùãԬԺ򡣡
СŮ񣬲ҹţţȹһ˽ȥ
ʺߵĽùù÷ɿ߳ԸСŮ󿪹ţؿͷӭʥϣʺ岻ūŹʥϡ
ʥϡԬ๪
ʢĵһԽԬ˹š
ùԬ࣬Ԭѹľȵ˵ˣùɫһϲḣл
Ԭ࿴Ѿ߽ڵʢĵۣʵʥἰģǱ߶СĹƶλĹġ
ԣùõɫ䣬ֻһ˲ָ糣
һǰһ˴
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ǰһҽ;̵ͷԣȴụ̂һмŮƭı˸סĸף
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201 ֮

۵Ŀ˫ŷѪɫľȣǻڹУʢĵ֪ݣǶһһ㡭ôΪ˾С㣬ôΣյĽΪ˾ʺǿˣЩҪ˶أ
ľתŲӣûнתϣãŻ½㣬ܡ
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أʲôͷȥҶأһһ䣬״ᶨ
½㣬Բ𡭡
ԲǰôԲǵĻһм޸ǸУòǵȰ棬ƫպǸˣҵĽ֡
ĥĥ䣬ԭ̤˼˼˼үѣȴδ˼ĸ͹ùõѪô޹
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ԬӦĿľȣĵŮǺ˵̫ҽԺ޲ߵȴˣֻǲ֪֮λǸǻ
ľյʺĿ⣬ͷл


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ʺ󳤳̾һЦðһиҵѪŶûУڽݽȴǿҲ
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ܼƤУǼƤȫҪʲôʲôҸ֪ǻûٴûԺпգҴתת
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įһЦҵĴˣƶ˲ϣʲô
Ҫʲôıλ򱱺ү˵нҪĶľȿ۹ɽ轨


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ⲽһͷĹװϸˣǵߵ˸ǰ


207 

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ľЦת߳üͻȻסŲת˾˵ϵıģǺ棬֪ôģ


208 Ϧգ޸ģ

Ҳͣ½ŲľЦڹʱ̰ĥĶϲ˳͵ȥ
˶л˵ҲǸԻֻǡЦ˵۾ϸ۲ž沿飬ԳԻûһ˿ӦֵƶЩֺóԵģ̲סЦˡ
ܳǸǳǳһЦûһ˿
ľü΢֪ټҲòԼҪĴ𰸣ʹ˴ס̧Цʾǰһ״ʣдĴ缫Ϊڣֻϰ벿û°벿ֻ˵ëʫģ⣬ǧ⣬ѩƮ⣬Ωçç£ʧϡɽߣԭ칫Աȸߡգװع次ɽ˶ཿӢ۾ϵʫʴң
ǳЦ¶һ˿βסľ㵣ľȣȷе˵ǵľȣȼϣ˷ܷĹâ򴽣С֪***
ľȵ۾͵һ֪***أɻأأСС㡭
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210 ˻飬ףѸģ

˳츮һۣһͷ亹ֻԴе㲻ȵ
ͣүҪȱ꣬˭˭˵áةӣƮƮɨ˶һۣȥ
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˶һۣüͷ


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212 Ű

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ϺȴΧׯתһȦץľȺ͹ɽˮʻ͸ϵȵ

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ɽϺϺЦǺǵĽͣү֪õľˮʻ͸һȵǻˮԺãȴ͸ճԵǿʺմ߹ʲôģĵȵĶǱˮʺãȴԺͼⷽԲׯϵȵģƣǱ߲Զһӣǰ󺵶ӣزûѣϵȵ
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ȷʵϺ˵ׯȻûסˣȥȴǸɾƵĳϺһҺǾġ
ŸÿһǮġǰԺԺݣ᷿߶һС԰Һͺʰ˲ˡŸ»үܰȫׯӿԲ͸ү
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Щǿܿһ㣬ͷɹԼͬ飬һİΧȦ˲䱻߽⡣
ƽ㣬ͷҺ͹ɳȥ


214 ƻΣ

һһһˣһɳ졣
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С㣬û°ɣ
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ȻҲƼ˵Ǳɫ䣬ǣү
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⣬ȻͣһװξµĹ¼ľȴƳţæӭߣľȶԼŷߴٳ򣬡
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ƿľһǰһ
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һӺҩЧǰľȺ̫ҽԺ˵ֺʢĵŰ֣˽һҩȥԺ̫ˣԼźʣµġ
幬һȺ̫ҽ̫ҽԺʷȥ̫ҽԺҩľԼʱסϢ

һ磬ʢĵƽľȴԬ̫ȥ˴ʢĵ¼ĵط
¼ӵλʼÿ޴Сϸ¼ڰԱѯڻϱĪ˹ƶȴ֪ʱҪ¼֡
Ԭ̫뿴صĹкȥԼСпġ
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ʢĶʮ꣬ҳʢʮһ꣬ʮĩʮһ
ľȷʢʮĩʢʮһӼ¼ɨķɿ졣
ʢĵĲأҹ߸棬游ιʢĵ۵ʦʢĵСһͬģû˱ߥޣʢĵն游븸ף
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217 

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˼⻰ã˵õҽˣܼұʲô浱һ֪źõĹŮΪʲôҵĶС㣿òøһ𣿡
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;ǵûﰮĿûûȢŻǸƷٵļŮι˵·ûУĶûǮˡ
ɲǣүĻϰڣȣֱһġ


218 

ɽ֪֪ľ˵ЩЩűݣĳ˼գѰ˸ڣľȴӴ칬緹ʱһ档
ûһˣųһһƧĹǽǽǣǾǺµĵͺ𣬡ʲô֪֪һʢĵ۷ŭЩ㹻ϼټǧΣǲǲҪˡ
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219 ȥ

Ҫôһ룿ʣ˵ⷹȽֻռСͷⷹȽģռլʲôϵʲôϵˣһͷֳȥˣ
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221 

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ҲӹЦ⣬ʢһ࣬С㣬࣬ĺԳθõİ࣬СڹƢθúýһʱհɡ
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Сߵź֣С㼸һ𳤴ͬõŮ籵

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һ游ĸ;˾ôõģ
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ɽÿӯЦݣεľһ񣬵ߵĻ˸һɶ
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Ǹ룬ҲŶתһ仰ľȿŹɽ
ɽչȥĿŮͦԲ۵ıǼϣЦʣʲô
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223 ̵

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ɽ͵ʢĵ۵ǣ˿һ⣬ܼҶŹ㣬˵ᰵɱ֣߹Դϵģɰбɸ߳䵱Ѿߣؼʱ̻Ϊȡܵʱ䡣
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ҵĻҵģľûбһۣվӣѲ֣㲻˶ȥ
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ڵǰ꣬еĽԶĥˣ֪⣬ѧͶ֡
֪Լ֪ŵĸ׺͹ùܵĴ֪ұҵȥ֪紫һʢĵͰ֮󣬲ŷԼ͹ͷ
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ţͶһԱģТҸүġһôãǵһκôϵεĲ衭
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ӹһĨǸ⣬ķԲܿˡ
ҡͷ߹ȥѵ˫§ĲͷԶͷ˲䣬˵ʲôɵ㲻˼ŵֻΪϲҰҶȢҵǿҾˣⱲҶһ𴳣ȥһЦʳۣ֮ȥһ˵Ҳи
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һգʢĵ۵ͻȻǽׯϷһܵܵзһ置ˣ置ַҾı־


224 һʯ

ʢĵ۴ŭԱ硣
·ͻȻֱ빬вŴӰ幬̫е֪һ´󾪡
׷ɫɫࡣ

֪ͻȻʧСڱ
ȻΪʲôǡǡð˵׳ׯϷ֣
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˵˾϶ˣŪǰ֡
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̫ӦǣתĨ˰ѶͷĺŲɿ뿪ԭأ͵ȥš

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ʢĵ῿ϣޱĿˡ
һȴұ¶ֺһºЦݣ̬ǫѷ¹򣬡밲
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죬֪ʿеׯһ
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ƽʱԼµˣƫŭɸһҪҾŪ
ĸϿԼҲܻмث̡ܹܽ
ܹܽ̾ɱˣЩϺȵʲôһ˵ĸ߻ϻǧСǣǲܰĸĻԷˣ˭ôеʱԼҵׯϷŸ置ûץ置ϻպҾƣĸӵıƣסĸأˣӵʱͰڳһȱģʵİޱȣ
ЩĵͦλֻԽֻʣ¶ܹ꣬ûʹҴҳ˹˱ܿĿȥ˶

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ͬʱ̧򳨿ķţֻ߽Ź⿴ϵɫȴ˵Ц
СӱʾﱧȥľȴҳЦˣʲôôˣ


225 ʤ׷

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ܾñԷιһ칷

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мŮӱꡢ򼸸´ĺӸܼǿнߣȥңֲӱΪѼˣŮӵļ˶ܼеġ
ܼҼ״ܼΪݣһв˳ı˳ܼҼÿ¶ʬ̧ȥ
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һȺ˺ƺƵ˳츮ãټĹ㳡Ҳվֵİա
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226 ƶΪ

˵Ѫᣬİͬ飬ӯ
ɱģܼүһеˣǸ
ޣ˾ӦǧвŶԵЩԩˡ
ģһӶˡ
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ˣǽüǱܼΪҵĿˣСŮة֮ŮܼСŮ׵;вСŮ
СŮǰ峤Ůܼɱδ򣬱Ҿͷ
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ԣǱ˱˶Ȼ˵
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227 Ҫ

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ԬæӦų˴ѰԼӣⶣ˼䣬һ̳ȥˣжҪ죡
Ԭ̫Ԭߺö꣬常֪˲ãϱ˼ء
常ȥһң
Ԭ룬ְ֣ȥˣٻһһȥһңȥɡ
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ة̧סĻɫ侲ڲ׷ЩʱǸԴô£ǼңлʲôˣǸӡ׽Ҽ
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ףܼĸܷɫҰףףȾ
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ҿܷһѱסӣ޵˻ߡ

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̫ʦϣһ˫Ӵ˿ƿľӣգתֱֱĵ̫࣬㡢˵ʲô
̫ഹͷظһ飬͵ıۣһ˫ֽ̫߬ʦεİֱ֣ͻ
λ·ͬСɣɷ븸׵˵仰
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һ˫ӥôȫһҪǶĿ
»᲻ܼҴү
˵ûУһһţ
ܼңЦһƥӽУմȾ˼ʮǻϿ򡭡ӱɣ䲻ģϷ뵽ƥֵܳ飬̲סЦ
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һۣǰ²н𣿡
үͷϲŵݽŶ롭
Ѷ׼ãҲҴţܽϵעȫеܼң˵ϾͲܡ
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п⿩ֱģʱĽҶʱȻ޴档
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տĴŶ˵Ļϵʢĵȴûһ㣬ɱۡ
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ةһۣߥ޶ԷȿڣԼ뷨˭Ҳûпڡ
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ةɫȻһ䣬̧ͷ̨֮ϵʢĵۡ
ʢĵ۲֪ʱѾ˫ۣĿĿˡ
ͬʱһ
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΢ϡ
ɡʢĵ̧̧֡
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찡
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ʢĵ˵꣬ɨܹŶһƺһ㣬ƮƮĵŶдǽׯӵܵѰǸ¹ƶ置ˡ
˻һةܹɫ䡣
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ة붨һɤӶԩ֣ȴҺ
ܹǰģ̣࿴һۣٶ˵ʲô
Ԭ̫ڲˮ䣬ʱ̽ͷŴڴģ죬ƣ¹ܶĹٶ׹
ʥ˵㿪ʱҲŲӸʥϿ

˼ţ䲻ˮű˴ƿҪʱʲôҪ˲ǡ˭֪һŤͷЦĿĵԬ࣬æӵ
常
Ԭ೯˰֣ϽģʥϵĶһ
Ԭ̫һֽæݺ˲裬ŵϣ常ʥϲˣ
Ԭбһۣô²Ҫ֪ܻĳá
Ԭ̫ಱһ常֪ҵС
ԬЦļͷˣ常㣬常ΪãС治ˣ֪ĺá
Ԭ̫ͷԬ̧࣬˰Ѳӣ

糯˳츮ֱһӣһܼףһָξϡ
ʢĵ۲ȻŭӶة붨ǰԱ硣
ɫѿȴǰ
ٹ
֪İ汾̫һ
˵ܼҵܼ̰ŮɫŮӻҪɱȫң˺˼ʮ
˵«޻ºŪʿʹʿ
ݵһ
˲ԣĬĴͷ
ϣϳѳصȨջء
΢Ͼѧ΢˽ӹܣ
⻰һٹٶ˻
Ϻүةּۻ۵ġ
ĳãҪˡ


228 ţ

ôˣˡ
ľЦŵͷʢĵ۵õҪģܼҺұס뱣ˣ
Щ˵ϰأûʹǣҪʲô
һڸ߼ĸ߼ϵĲյһ
ľЦݡ
ľɽһۣҲ׵Ц⡣
ľȳɽʹ˸ɫѰ˽ڳ˾
ھУۣ㲻ȰңҶ֪ﱾϲû̫ɷǽ˵ģǮȨƵ˭ں
һ̾Ѿ˽ȥЩˣ뿪ȥѰһɽˮĵطƽ°
Уһܱھ֪ʲôʱҪá
°ͷӵķӵۣƬ̵İ
ľɽӾ˲Զ
⿴ţֹ˿ȥ˲ˮ˺Ҳȥ⣬˸¨ӣſڱ߰ѷ˵Ц
ľȽ˸ɽǱߵ׼ˣ
ɽûش𣬶Ų豭һ꽫ձӷŵϣʾľٵһľбһֵۣһ
ɽӣĦűĻ·Цǰ뾸ûʲôӴǲ֪ĳǸҲ
ʣľüͷ΢
ǱѾ׼֣ҼȻֱȨп϶ҪѪҺ˻ϢŽȥܾ
ľȵͷܼҵھ̸ڣһһϦܽġͷҲһ¾û޳֧֣Ҫȴһһߣǧ򲻿ð
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һεô˳ȫҾɲЩˡҴЩػؾӪΣ
Ҿɲˣ
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ľ۾΢ƽվɢھռϢؼʱ̾һ֧ɹ˿ء
ע⡭
ľȵͷãģȥ
ɽһŲ豭˼Ŀľȡ
ľüôң
һֱ˾Ŵĸҡ
ľüô
ɽ̾һ豭ڵˮһѹ
ľЦ
򱱺ֶ֪Σ˵ϸҸϽȢšɽ˵գּ˾䣬Ŷ֪ʵݣ˵Ҳ
ϧ˵ľЦ
ɽһ̾ϢȻ󣬻ؿ̫ʦαϣһʲô
ȡ
ľòǡ
ɽһʵܡȾڳСվȽŸ
Ҳǡ
ľȵܡҾһ£Ʊػᱻһʢĵ۾Ͳٸ˿ᡣǻᣬƴѹǣ
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ľףҪڳվȽŸЩѾϷָɾ֡ӸϿľֻ죬Ȼյ˹ѧϴôܼҡʱܻ˴ϲģ
ɽ죬ľƺ֪ʲôŵʢĵ۵ĹƶˣⱲӲܹƶƣ״ٻ߰ʮ겻⣬õһʮ궼δ֪ζʲô
㹻ĳɳʱ䡣
ľȵͷ
ɽľȣʵڲׯ˼ĺӣЩҶ
ľüһ仰
˭֪һתյľȸǰҵøϽͷͷӦȢţôõϱɲܱ˱ˣ
ľȣ
⻰ǡñһֱĹɽʵŵŶİ˸š
ɽ
ȫ̺º󣬶ľȵ㲻һֱȥ˵ʦ𣿲ó緹ǳԹ緹ȥ
ɽ֪½ڱˡ
Ϊʲôÿ˵ĻСɶģǱײ
ί
ľЦͷȥʦ˵һȥСƽ
ЦӦˣȻͲȥɽҪ³緹˷ԸСӵһݳ͵ǰԺȥһ𡭡
ˣҪȥһˡɽڨڨĸȥ
߳Ժӣľ̲סЦ
죬

ƷϳľȴŰһȥ˵ʦ
뿪ľߺƵһλصʦ
ʶĹ·СˡѾ߶¶ȡ
ү˵ڶţľ³ϾӯЦݣӭ
ˡľϥ
æ˾䲻ҡ
ľЦǳһܵ𡣡
˾ͻͷȥүүӿʲô촽䶯£Ц롣
ľȱߣȴЦסĸ첲Ҽҹ̵ľˣģƢֶϲģǲҵոŮ
ľȻû˵ʲôүȴ˿ȡ
˵һ٣䣬ȴתһֱٰҼƽ
˵䣬¥
С㻹ס¥ϣɩľһЩųһЦݣ;续ԶԶžһ
ľȱǼĪһᣬۿ˲䷺죬ӣǰ񣬱ַס
Сĺܺãۿžˡľ߬䣬Լֵ̫쳣֪ĸ߳籵ûܵˡ
ǳǳһЦںڵһ˿ˮâȴ죬ǰȡ˹Ƴ棬Ҳܺõô졣
ٰС㿴
Цףڵϣ֡
ľ԰˼ϸµ
´ǰϻ۵Ů˫гֹε۾ǸˣȦʱһ졣
ĺӣദĺӣƴΪµĺӡ
֣ƺһľȣ쵽·͵ջء
УǳʢĵƤӵ£Ǳ˶ߣӵ
´˸飬ǵҲɢ¹º͵ЦݣֻЦݱʲſľʱ¶ǸЦݣ׼˺ܶࡣ
ľȻǹѹֺһʲô˵ʲôʲôס
ջ֣ЦŵС޴󰭣һСŷӼӣ䲻ܻصйǰ״ָ̬߰˲ûġ
үһ
ҲЦ⣬ľ
ƺ֪ƽͻ뿪ϵЦݱЩǣǿ
ľдòү˶˲˵˼л
ʼľȽھ껹ǻؽˮʱľЦŸ߼ˣﻹһЩҪʮһ¾Ҫ̻ȥġ
µɫ΢΢һ䡣
ү˶һۣүһŮӸôԶ·ײ㣬֪ʲôʱߣҰ·ȥ
ͷ
ƺ뵽ʲôһͣҲصͷɫ˵أҼֵܶӪЧģȭŹ򶼲ʱ;
˵գүһۣԼܱЩ˸˷ġ
үмĳЦЦ
ľһůӿ̧಻֪ЩɬıǼ⣬ЦлӶ˵һ
˷׷׵ͷ
Ĵӵʦû߶ԶľƷͣ£һ䣬ɡ
Ʒ밲¡ֵĻ࿴һۡ
ʳʲôµʱһӰͻȻÿٶ֮죬øϳƷҲֻƼһĨӰ
ַ̾ϡ
ʲôˣ
ľȰ֣ƷԼˡ
ƽľεĵ󣬵Ŵĺˡ
˺ͱ˱ܲ͸ľȣĬһȡϵĺڲ¶һ忡ӡ
ľչһЦš


229 

ԣϵ΢΢һͣĿ⸴ӵĿľһۣȹ
ľЦЦǰİ븡ƣԸƷָԼԵĿʲô»ظ˵
Ӧһ
Ʒջ֣ݳȥ
ƶһۣԭ׵Ľ䱸ȴûɡ
һ·Ժ

½ڵĲڸ߼ϣĵĿţ¡
ľȳЦЦǾʶҪͬ˽˵ȻغԺЪţ˵껰ͻء
ƶһۣƳ΢ɲĵ˵ͷ
˳
ԶľȲЦתͷʾ⻹վţ
㡭ˡŵɫܸӣ˵ʱﻹż־ɣͣٺ˵ġˡȴʮֿ϶
ľЦһ͸˵ġ
΢㶣ͷǡòȡˡ
ˣûллҵǸ置ˣȻһ²չ˳ľϥȴһܿ
ļ̌ͷ
Ŷ㿪Ŀ⣬ļͷȹһûúýܹԼţĸۣס
˵ӭľȵģ͸һεүߵһΪүսɳ
ľȵͫ΢΢һ㸸סǡ
ĸ׾Լߵ
ǰľȵһ˵ǰһֶûԼ¶ԼһֱΪǸ¶û뵽ȻԨԴ
ŵͷϷߵһŮΪȡΪţС̵Ҫ̳и־ҪһΪһҪ
һ΢΢˱ۣ۾ʱжһĨǱճӶźﶮյļ㰾࣬ˡʱץҵҷġ
߿ľȡ
ľķӦû˵Щ
һ̣һЦľȷӦ۹ڵϣҵĴżӡ
Ȼºͣ游ٵ׷ľպǵĴ
ţ㡭
̧ͷӲҪ𣿡

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ͷľȣӣѧɱ˵·ӣԺΪһѵ
ЩľȵЩ㱣ǰŴû˵ĻԼж֤õһѵ
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ľȴ˼Щӡ
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ľ̾һɡ
Ҫˣȴ
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Ӧǣľȵվľ˵ҵܡ
ʱ͸ഫүʱߵһʮˣǵһ֧ҲԴΪ١ҵѵһΪΪҵж꿪ʼϰ䣬ѡΣѡ츳ʴӱӵܼѡУʮʽɸѡµĶҵĶ֮ţЩˡүɱϢʧˣ˳һЩ棬һжû£
˵ŵ΢΢ݼĥŲ˵Ǿ仰
ΪɱӪĨݲŵԽҴӣɱҵЩˡ
ľȵɫҪ䣬͸һϢɭʢĵܡҡ
ȭҧǣЩѾѪŴӵһ˿е֪һһڽˮײͼ¶׷ɱǡ
ľȻȻԭˡ
ԭڤڤ⣬ǰŵԼߣԼһӣֻصԼߡ
ֻǣǰ˲ͬľصǰĸޡ
ᱣԼߵˣ
Ὣǰܵίһһ
һһЦģЩǷҵģһֲٵĶҪֻ
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һЦ
ڶǳƣǿԼӵģݾ˵ҵ֡ǲԭգ𣬾˵ҵԶø磬Σ
΢üҡͷʢĵ۴˶ɣ˿ѾȥռҡǸͷûԵֵܽãðԶø磬С
ľȵͷ
⵹ҲǸ⡣
ǡľȳƬ̣ͻȻһ£ɣᣬиҵõܵĶӾϰģ൱ʢĵ۵أȥҲһЩֻ֧֧ǹһ֣̫ϸ
룬ͷӦԼݡ
ľȳţð½ơƷƳ˽ŵݣ밲°æס󣬲תغԺ

Ϊܡҵˣ˧óѧ벿ֱȨΪˡ
ة˰µĲ٣͵ˡ
վ˶ӵٹٻֲ̿ҹССةฮĲ֪
ʢĵѶ󣬴ŭ̫ҽȥةฮϳӲ˵˼ῴѳģᣬԴʱ侲
һʢĵ۵ɣ¸ǻ֣̿˿ˡ
ܹΪ˵仰ȴʢĵ۵涼ϣʮа˴ǻæۣûռɵĹС
˺޵ҧȴ޿κΡ
ͷĹƶһ£䲻ʢĵ۵ĵײ
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ʺ̾һȴЩˣ͵ܵţȽ࣬Ҫˡ
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ܹЦݽӲл˶ùú󣬿Ž˲Σ˫΢΢Ц䡣
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һ⹬˭֪һʹʺһĴɢǰƲϻϵĶ裡
ֺ޲ס죬ͺţ
ֺһɤӣŷӦԼ˵ʲôæڿԼĸ˿͵ƿ֣
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ʲô£ü
ʺԺ󲻻ǰǰˣע󹬣עãпܡԤա
Ĵ͵վգӶûУ
𼱣֪үһүǰô˵ǲźиӦԡְ
һķҵĻӻ֣ȥɣѽ¸ҵ˵˵ó³ôСҲǸ£
ЦӦһʾ⹬Ů˲װã˼䣬ԼźӴҴҳ񹬡
ֳڹſϣ۶Էеĺӣղĵͷʾ˹
õϢù̼ʺ
ʺЦЦеΣʶҲͦõġ
ת˲עССǱ߾͸ȫˡùҲһ
ʺһۣŪ軨
ܡҸŮĻظͳһ͵¡
͹ǰһʱա
󹬵ĶȻʢĵۣʺΪܡңʢĵ˽ʺΪԼĺãżȥҲִ˲ˡ
СŮ˵ҪиӾͺ˵Ļ󣬻˸ʺһӵͷ
ǡʱˮ˾ټвľȥ֣ĵõ˳Ұһ֧֡
ϾʡӪĹԱ˭ҲԼӳͷûľȻžİߺתƻϵעˡ
ʢĵﲻ֪˵˼Ц˼֣ˮ飬λһ׵ľȥ֣
֮˲䰲
ʢĵһЦô˵Ƕˣ


230 ؽˮ

ԣڴ󳼺һء
ʱйԱͻȻ΢Ըٺ»֡
˷׷׿ķ򣬶һƣǸԺģٺ»Ҳûӣ֪ԺĹȴᣬ︹һ󣬻ٵȵȿ
ʢĵãٺ»Ǹ˭һĽʿ
ԬһԿۣصʥϣǺԺĹԴʢʮĽʿ
ã䰮֮ĿɼΣ֮֮ĿᣬԬּ࣬ߣȥְ֪Դϣ뾸һˮ
Ԭһ㶡
ڵϵĹԱһ㶡
һȺ˲ŵĵųĽԴ
һССĺֱֹӳ˽֪Ϊٺ»⡭δ̫ˡ
ԴҲЩ㶣ԵĹԱͱͱŷӦпͷлضʱ»
û˴ĪĽ֪Ӱ߳ʢĵһ仰Ԭ࣬ȡ޵˽⣬һֽϡ
Ԭഹǣʥϡ
Ȼ͵ʥϾ˽һֽϡ
˲һһƬȻ
϶ӣζʲôζЩ˲Ҳþ裡
£˿˿ڡ
΢Ըٺ»ֽϡ
ʢĵƲ죬˻ǰϾҩôĸƵСϣҩ
΢Ըһٺ»ֽϡ
ΧĿһ¾۽ϣһԭǸˮŵĹԱ¶عͷĥԼٺʡ
΢Ըһٺ»ֽϡ

΢Ըٺ»ֽϡ
϶һˡ
ʢĵȤĿŵˣ͸¶ѶϢƳԬ࣬Ԭĵͷ
а⣬Щ˸òɵ˰ɣ˵ôԣ浱ʥʲô֪
һʢĵѹٹٲ֪ٺ»˶꣬˵˾ѪĻգȥϣþǼᡣ
ˣ
˵Ǿδٺ»

˳ʢĵۺԬȥֵ˵ˣԥʣûо飬ǡ
ʢĵƳһۣʲô޵ĻӣүѲɻˮɣжӵĹԱУ㿴־ͳɡ
˵գšüЩ궼ѧЩʲô
գգۣһЦʫ黭á
ʢĵۺ
ʢĵüͷ˸٣ʢĵ۵ɫС󾡭
ֱˣ
ʢĵ۵ˣƿڵһͬѧôǸ˫ȫƫֻѧЩ绨ѩµ
Ϊʲô
˼ǿ棬ûа
ʢĵ֪žȴ˵⡣
ĶӶĻλûв
ƺɪһ£ģֻǡֻƽزô
ˡʢĵ۰˰֣йԬָ࣬žȥѰʦٰߵİбϻûͱǲˡ
Ԭ࿴˾һۣüӦǡ
۾һϱŷŵϲã۹л
ʢĵ۷ɣջоͨˮĹԱȥ㱨ֱȥϰɣмˡ
ʣĵܶȶʣ
ȥȥôϻʢĵһͷĻ֣Ԭ࣬ȥ
ʱֹס˻ȴȻмֹ
ȴʢĵ۵ŭֻл˶Ԭ˳
Ԭ⡭ʵûо飬ܲȰȰʣջس
Ԭһ㶣Ŀž
ϣҵľ⻰̫಻ø⻰ūŵԴɾҪˣԬæž㵽һС˵¶ٹһ¾ټģĪˣɲ˵Ļˣһʥϡ
һǱ
±ģʥϲ˵𣿻оͨˮĹԱһǰȥȥֻǸͳòٶġ
⡭ң𣿡
ܣһУԬЦĸ
ͷ幬ĵǺðɡ
лԬ࣬Դ˹
ԬȥʢĵĿ֣һӳǶ⡭
漴̾Ͼûĸ壬״Ҳһǻۡϧˡ
ϧûĸ壬Ȼ
ԬȴҲҺûĸ壬Ȼ񻹲ʲôء
ţȴʢĵۣǰϧˡ
ʢĵۿһۣͻȻһαϣһĨѪЦݣ˵㶦Σ
ԬͫȻһ

ųۿڳϢ
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һ°ͲžķʣȻĪᶼԸǶˡң飬Ϊơˣʸʦߵİҵİбҡ
üʢĵʲô
Щʵȴ־ֻ֪ǡ
̾һˣ򵥵ϴ󣬻Ͼ׼õǣֵΣǺõĿˣܸʲô֮·һ̤ϣһί㣬Ҫҵսľһʱˡ
Ǽһᣬᴸؿ£˵ʲôɵǲ˵ˣʲô¶Ҫһе𣿡
һЦ֣ˣ򸴺󡣡
ŬŬӣһͷ˵ûã㵱˻ʵ˵ɡ
ͳһЦáҵˡһֻԸһģ롣
һЦ
߰ɣȥʢĵ۸

ľڳҲյϢظֵһʱ佫澭˹ľŴЦЦ˰£½㣬ǹһʱվܻؽˮˡ
һϲģ
ľȵͷ
̫ˣǶþˣһܵġ
˵һ룬ͻȻľȵĸЩ˺ĵΪһӾͶˡ
ľȲ⣬ֻȥƽͲˡ
ͷȥʰ
ľȺЦͷ
ЦųţϽȥĻû˵ٴľȵ¡
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ľЦľҲûʲôôˣؽˮܷӸá
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һ
ľЦҡҡͷʲôȱȱĻӡ
˲ףȥ׬Ӹ
кβɣľȿ뾸һ£̫֮λ󣬻ҳ游븸һЩıҵˣһ
ɫһ࣬ˡ

պ󣬾ȥϣľɽȥС
ţɽüȴɫļ񣬡ӡ
ɽףûʲô
ľȥ幬ʢĵ˼ƽʱʮѮһʢĵ˵Ѿ᳤ĺûʢĵ۹ȻĴá
ľȳûؼҹĻʢĵԥƬҲЦӦˣʹ˲ٶȥԸľȡ
ľԸĸʵׯˣŵΪܡ
ʢĵҲǿ󣬰֣
ȳţϢ밲˵˺󣬰²ųһЩһֱĻϻھûãɿˡ
ľЦЦƽϢȥʦ
ѾЩӾʰˣȥ뾸кָ˹ɽһ󣬾һٳؽˮ
Ͼʢĵ飬վߵĻδԵÿ⣬мһգպÿʢĵ۵ġ
գľȥ˾е⣬ùɽж⣬ͬļҽĴƹ񽻴һɫѾ͸
գһͨ۵˾
Ƴϡ
˾һ˹ٵһ·ˮķȥ


231 

ԽˮԽ䣬ѩͣκһڵ˽ˮ
Ϣڳſڣľȵ̲˳ȥ

æƿӣƼԲĪһС
ˮֻˡ
ļү
ľЦŴӰкô죬ôţ
˵⼸ɸˡЦüͷкˣǼɵʲôأϽİѶù
̽ͷȥͼźް޿ļСÿﶼŶк̱˹үˡ
ϽģѶϳԸһ䣬תͷľȣ캮·Զţһ籸µĽҩһ˺룬
Ƽľ̽һԴٿΧİӣÿˣʲôûʣЦȰľ밲ºҩ
ľΣ˵ⶼſˣҲԶӹ򡣵һĺ⣬ЦЦлһ˷һ룬˸ȥʮķݡ
Ŵѩ·й˲࣬һ·û˳ĻʮķݺСԺӡ
չչӿڣͼСԺſվżˣǣ첽˹
üһ䣬Цеҵǡ
Ϣûи壬͸¶ġ
ӰµļͷȥͼһƵĿȽ
塣
˽ǰȻ͵һЦŵãã
ľŷüë뷢϶һѩȻǵȲʱˡ
ĵĪľһЦŴ˸壬һˡ
һ㶣һһãͷ䣬ϽݣҸϸһͰѻˣůͣʲô˵
ߣµļҲˣĻͷͣˣʲô˵ͷ䡣
ľȿһۣЦŽԺӣݡ
裬ſúӸź磬һݣ˶˸
ȻȥľȽµ磬մˮϴһ°ɣ׼ˮˣ
ĸ밲һۣЦŵͷһͱˣͰˮڹˡ
³ĸЦЦľߣϽĹ
½㣬û¶
ľΣݵļǸһЦͷĸһĻмλ
ȥʡġ
ϴ»صݣľﱻһԲ裬Ⱥȡ
ľЦЦӹ˼ڣֻڵһůģ̾һ
еĲ豭Ϣһգ˽⼸ҵ˱㿴ҪˣǳŻʱ䣬ˡ
ľȵͷãҽȷʵÿգ˵
һ뼸˴кƿˡ
ҲЦ֪Ҫٽͩ˺ЩӣЪţһȥǱŶȥŶˣʢҵǰŻʮկȥһûü⼸Ҫ¡
ľȵ˵ͷȥǰӵһ˵仰͸һʮկҲˡ
˼ã밲˵˼лˡ
Ƽ˼лҪ˵࿴һۣϢ˳˷䡣

밲ĸһۣһߵľȸǰҪ¡
밲㡢СҲһ߹Ҫ£ľüͷһæȥ밲ĸĸ򲻿ɡ

ȴ֪ʲôʱ밲վһͨһ
밲ĸһЦҲ
ɰͷһŵڰ˴˰־ЯһżҾݼ

ľüͷһǡ
½ѾǶ˵ˣһ˵ȻǹȵģԺǰҾǹˣͷ
һ£һĸľȿͷ
ľ̾һ޶ˣ½ȣĸǡ
ˡ
²ۣԳȥǵһˮм䲢ûطлȹ
ľһ⡭
˵ǰ
Ȼǲܡ
ľһЦ
ɡ
ЦЦŰһվҪʮկȥһ·ʰĶװȥЪ
Űת˳ȥ밲СĳľЦЦȥæ
밲ĸ˵˼лҲ˳ȥ
ľЦЦݻԼݵѣԶ˶٣ǱѾ˵׼ˣʱԶ
߰ɡ
ߵʮķݽľֻ˰һˣŸϳ˻ʮկ
˵ʲô飬ľȻصˮĵһ뷨ʮկ
С޽ǹĺòá
ٽͩǣСӣϱûгСʮܡ

ľȻ񣬳³˳ǣôˣ
ǵˡʾ̧ͷ
ľһ̧ͷȴѾվһ˫ִСĺͨͨһ˫ĿҲԼæɿ֣һ㣡
ͩ
ľȵ˲һᣬ¶º͵Цݣͩ
ͩ˹ſϿľȣ㣬ڻˣҵ˺öˡ
½㣬ͩ׼Ķأ
ӦһİȡһʯĶǷƤöɣʯĶӣñŪë׵İɫСǰֻŵè䣬ʯǶȥ鶯
ͩ˲ϲˣèӾ̾㣬èĺñˣ۾ҲƯ
ӽӴ˲ٸˣȻһ۾Ϳ˶õĶǽˮûмģֻè۸ʯɫ΢΢һ䣬뿪˵ЦŴ˲ͩãèǼҹġ
ͩΪ仰۾ԽŶͷлл㡣
ľʧЦȡ񣬰ϣϵϴӣм££ô䣬ôڼҵţˡ
ͩҡͷЦеĿϵĶû£һۡ
ľֵĶͷһͷһЩ࣬ÿ˯ʱĨһЩ
ٻʱұһЩЦŴĺһСľӣķСɾµĺж࣬÷ҡաζģͩŻȥζĸϲ
˵գͩţ֣ͩ㣬ңòô࡭
ľȽľûȥЦŵ߰ɣȻȥ˵䡣
ͩæͷЦеľȵ֣㣬ȥ޽ɣÿȥ߶ء
ľͩͷЦӦá
תͷţţȰȥսңѸ׼ĶլĶʰ͹ȥһȥ
ſ۲Զéݣ˵ͷһ˴塣
ľǣͩһ·դԺߣſھﴫһӵĿ
޽
ͩѿľȵ֣ȥ񻮵ó˿Ų˶٣Ȼδĵ壬߳вƵĺţպģ۸޽Ҫ߶
ľȵɫ͵һ䣬󲽸˹ȥ
ڣպĿſ޵һѱһ޽һ˹ȥ޿޿޾֪ޣ޵ĺ۸ƵģȻǾͿ޸
İ·𻹲ޣųҭĴ޽һЦ㲻Ǵ㣬Ҳ֪ٿޣ͸ҹȥޡ
˵⣬䲻ͩвŭʢвң
˵գһݣ̧Ž޽˳ȥ
ͩɳ޽ŵһУҪ˹ȥӣ
ľȱ죬һ㣬Ƿһ˳ȥе޽§뻳С
޽۵һһѪԼ˭۵һ㡭㡭ۣ޽ۣۡ
䣬ͷһᣬȥ
ľɫķ·šˮæȥ޽󣬴޽һëһżѵ߹ǣŭɶ
ͩڵϣһѩ࣬ȴʲô˲ãӵľˣ㣬޽޽޽պģ񶾵Ůˣɱ޽ɱ޽ݶŮˣ㻵㻵ˡ
ͩ޽ޡ
ʲôޣûպĴ߳޽ľȣ΢΢һ漴мһЦӴˣǸϵɣһһҲ䲻¡
ľȱ޽Ӱٲ̤Ӱһӵպǰ̧һƽպϵЦݴᣬʺָӡ
ľȣΪ˭ƾʲôң㲻ҵһ֪ʲô֡ۡ
ٴƵ³ǱľȾǰ½һߵĶϣ߷ɳȥصڵϣ³һѪ
ľ߹ȥӸµĿպģҪҪԹܳΪһӣһôص֡Ҳ׽㣬ϷˣҲͰˣ޽ͬһĸãȻôص֣Ǳ𣿡
ǺǡպһЦĨȥǵѪһЦľȣЦˣ޽ҵãҾҲԼҵ£һ˺θɣƾʲôңļ֡ۡ
˵һ䣬ľü˲絶ºԥ߳һţһѣպƺһſһѪ³
ľȵƺһ˿η壬Ȼ뵽ʲôƵģ˭ľȣǸųܵľȣ㵽˭
Ľ
դԺſڣͻȻһ۵ĵͺ漴Ϥ߽ԺӣһԺӵǽ塣
һڵϵŮһ޽˪òŮ
촽˶ȡȽ
ȴûпľȣպ˹ȥĽôˣ
ۣĿںۣš


232 ޽İ

Ͻպ§뻳УȥǵѪ
еպ˵֣ɫһ̧ͷľȿһ˫Īһ
Ƚ
ۣҺۣǲǿҪˣҡۡպ߬ϵ½ǣ˿ίĿ˳ҡҸϴԭңǰ¶ѧˣ׾ң޽Ϊ˻ңҲһš
ϵɫȻһ䣬ŵ̧ͷľȣȽ
Ҳ𾪵̧ͷ
ľȱ˱ۣĵ׵ʧ纣һϯһ˵Ǿ䡰ĽѾ֪ˣôôص֣ðĻʱɴ
ƺľȵľæȥϣȴΪʱ
պϻУĿ׸һƬ·˵㿴ľͲģ۵ĵȻҡ
ľȿЦ
պģʲôŻΣ㣬һס
һһƬȻ
Ƚ㲻ܡҲ룬ͻסպġ
ľǰҲ㽫Լ§뻳Уǵı˵ţȽԣҩͲˣҩܺˡ
ȽѣѽȽÿ
ľҡҡͷЩȫҡɢĿպģһξ㣬ٶ뻤ŵˣһξ;ŴܽģУðݰ޽û£Ȼ޽ʲôëͬҲܲͩߡ
ͩ޵Ļǣľȶһǣء㣬޽ǲǱˣ
ûУ޽ֻܲסȥˣǸϽլҰˡľȽ͵
ͩͷקľȾߣ߱Ĩϵѩˮϵԩ㣡ʱ޽պ۸޵Ҹȥ޽պİ޽߳ģ޽һ仰û˵ͻȥˣԩ㣡ǣԺҲҪǶˣ
ɫȻɷס
ϵͫȴҡҡͷ޽ãôôص֣
޽Ҳã᲻ãͩŭôһ䣬˲ǸŮˣۺݶһһΣ޽۾Ϲ𣡡
Ȼ֪϶Լ۰ֻһΣȻЩ˵޽պĵãպĲʱļᶨٶԱպһ˵ϾŵģľȵĻ̲ס۵һѶ۵ĥŲȥĥųָо
һαۣź³һתͷһôǣҲǵŮǻҵΪ޻˵
޽ݹȥ¶ŲҰ׵Сָӡ޽İɣϵˣϵģѵЩһɵģһ֪˭֣޽ѵʣ޽ȻСѾ˵ˣʹֻܿüպ±۵Ķһ˵ҲҪһеĻ
촽ţȴһֶ˵
һ˵ϣȴҡͷܡĽֺܺã޽ѣôᡭ
ԣŬĴ׬ǮҪѧ䣿
Ĩ޽ŵȷһѧ˲еġ
û˵
ȴҸ˵ֻǿ塭
ҲΪΣǼҵĹ˿һҸΪŻľɫλߵ̬֮¶⡣
ϵͬʱһ𣬿ľ˵
ͩȴ޽ϵˣľߣ㣬졢ߡ
ľĿһۣǹһĨ˵ЦݣǺΪ֮
һۣƾ˲ɣٲͯ棬ƿ͸̬ûн飬ƺʲô
Ŀ϶Щ£ˣȴ֪˵ʲô
䣬ľתͷԻͩ߰ɡ
˸߳դԺûԶͿԶսսɫݵĿţľȳս̾һ߰ɣȻؼҡ
һ仰ûΪ˵
ôãôãԭֻţȽȻôںһֳ
սս˭Ҳûжһϻľͩת߳դԺķΧŸ֨ѩ˴塣
ߵͷʱмĴľȣһЦŴкѾͷǼѾͷ˵ȥˣôǺ𣿡
һĺѣϣѾͷˣ
˵սң˵׼ˡ
ҼżݳǸ忡꣬һѲֵǮˣòǡ
ѾͷˣǲǼ޸ǸǮˡ
˹ЦľȵЦҲмüŪ۵ģľһûɫһ·սߵķɿ졣

սһڣûûƤĶʲô˼޸Ǯˣǵ˼Ǻ˵˵Ҳ˺ǵ죡ԶԶģ
Сһ䣬ֲ˵ģѾͷöǸѾͷԼ˵İôˡ
ľȵĽŲһ£ȴһ˲ûǰߡ
սǸһۣһ˵ڵͷҵģǲҲܸǴ룿
۾һɣظҲû㣬ɶ˵һǸ¶զͽˣ⻰Ҳ߯ˡ
սһٲһͷͰ⻰ȥ
˷߷ߵĵսһۣﲻ岻Ĺ˾ʲôתˡ
ʣ༸˼սƣҲڨڨһЦϽˡ
սſڣţľɫıһСŮæ߳١⺢ôˣ
ţȥѳҵù½㣬ͩȥյˮ˽ݣҪ졣
˶һۣľеĽæӦˣͷж
սľȽݣ˵ʲôɫ԰׵޽üͷšĽģȽ棬ʲô¼ǵý
ľûп˵ͷ޽˴ȥľȿʼֽѡ
һ¶ˮݣҪҰʲôæ
ȥţүү
Ӧת˷䣬ŵ˵˼䣬ſ۷ݣ˰䣬첽սҡ
սݶ˸̿
ľȳЦЦ
սһ棬¡
ľȵͷ޽ϵֻؿһĽӡĿڣһƬ෺ϣԼϸǲСС˺ۣöǰµģ
ľȵһЩס롣
պģ
Ȼ޽ôص֣
ѹ޽˵ĵһ仰ۣһĺϣô᲻ۣ
ôΪ˸ĸģԼŮһŮŰѵһûз֣
ֱɶ
ľմˮСĸ޽ȥϵۣ¶ƴСֲ˲ؿڣһΪ޽ʩ롣
СϵʱľѾ룬޽ѣڴ߿
޽ôˣѾͷ
ļ̌ͷһۣүүˡ޽ˣұһЩҩɡģʵڲİ׼һȥ
СԽľȣס޽ϸСֻƬ̱ü˭ôص֣ؿǲײѾصˣҪǲúõһӶ
ľȳһЦ˭
СüͷԽšպģ
ľûлӦСһ˦һƬŭݣȿ϶Ǹõģû뵽ҲǺͿ͸ģ
ľվߵ⣬æչУ
С˼Ŀš
½㣬ǳϿ׼˵ҩ
һ漴϶ĵͷУʱ͵͵ҵģ˵ԷһԵȣȥá
ľȵͷ¿첽ߵߣһͨңһϻ﷢˼ƿԴƿһҩ˳
ͩľȵѣſǻʣ㣬޽ǲǣ
ľͷţ޽ģֻˣϢͺˡ
ͩȥҵ
˵գתˣľȿԶû裬ӹµݹҩתݡ
սˮľι޽ҩˮݹȥ
ľȵлι޽˼ڣҩȥͣ֡
ûϱŶӴŮһսңһľȣϵȽ
ľȱǼһᣬûɵޣ
Ͻ󣬼߹ȥľ뻳Уúӣίˣ޽µġ
ϺҵİοţľȽͷöûжҪһůһصҾů


233 Űո

۵ĶˣݺݵۣǿߣǼҶЩʲô
󲻸һ죬ɫܲÿһԵС壬æ߹ȥСʣ壬޽ôˣ
СбһۣǨŭһ߳ˣϺϴССˣ˵ôһӿУһ￴Ķ棬õȫǳ˹ӣ·
˵󣬻ûסԼŭ𣬲һĭϣҾЦſͷٹôޣôûڣ
Цһ塭
Сڰ֣ˣ֪ķеģѾͷĿ࣬ܰͰЩܰҲ侮ʯ¶
ģûȽķûˣڵĻƶȽæ˵͵ģˣˣȻǲϡŮҸϱϡĺܣʹ򶨺ŮһۣٽͩеģȽҲһС
С忴̾һļ򣬡˻кñġ
ͷ⻰˵ǡ
ľȵĺ󱳣ţͩ۾ܳ޵ˮ㣬㣬޽ˣ޽ˡء޽ˡ
۾һľȴϻлˮͷĨһѣתݡ
޽
ٽڴͷ޽ССӣŹĴ۾·ʶƵģֱ㶵ĵŴ
㣬޽˵ҲˡٽĨᣬŻ˵ȫˡ
ľæ˹ȥſڴͷЦŻ޽㣬ˣԺ޽ߣ뿪޽ˡ
޽Ӷ˶ֱĿľȡ
ľϲ޽ˣ޽ˡ
㡭
ԣ㣬ǿɰ޽ˣԺҲ뿪޽ˣԺٲ۸޽ˡ
㡭㡢ҡ
ˣòҺòң
޽ľ첲ľȱܿؿڵˣСĵĽ§뻳У޽۵һ˳㣬ۡҡ˵㻵˵ҡ
ֱˣ
սͬʱȳ
ľȵУ˳޽ĺ󱳣£Ժ㻤޽ٲ޽ˡ
޽޵ĳ鴤ɵ˫§ľȵĲӣ§ĽģһſĲ԰С֮ܿɫӲĲš
ľ򴽣ɫˡ
棬ͻȻԽƵ壬壬𣿡
սͬʱ̧档
ҳȥ
սͷһ𡣡
ϽӹСӣ˵ͷ󲽳˷䡣
ս˳ȥ
Сۺ룬ȻҵģҲȥ
Ÿ¶˸ɫԼҲ˳ȥ
սҴţû߼ͱס
磬ʲôȳɫ
һģôҲ⣿硭
ս˵ͷæк˼С壬壬һˣĽؿں͸ش˺üѪѾȥˣ㡭
˵ţ־ҪȥС塣
սǰһһĿ֡
һ㶣磬ǡ
սһ䣬һȭҹȥŶӵżסŽͣ£ϥһ䣬˵ϣ̧ͷʱһƬ԰ףͷð亹磿
СӣҴһȭ֪Ϊʲôս߹ȥӸ¿
΢㶣磬ܲȥĽʲôĵطһһѵ
ءսȻ֪ⷣҲˣֻսţԺ󲻵Ҳգ
˵գǲٿ˵Ļᣬת󲽻ݡ
硭
ɫһͣս岻ͷ˲֮ɫҧҧ壬ȥĽѾһˡ
ҲȥСܹ˵֡
ƺûĻ壬˵ʲôҸղû
˵Ҳȥ
Сĵظһ飬ţСӣүүߣѾͷѣҪٺöţպǶǰյһҰɽΣûѾͷ޽ȡ
һۣͳӦһŷȥ
·ʱü壬Цһһ䣬Ĺ
ɫ˲Ұס
СɫãĪˣֹŲ֪ʲôĸҥҲҪš
æס壬졭㣬ʮϣȾĽ
ʲôСЦЦбһۣû˵𣿻ǧ꣬ǷǸӲôģ
˵գ˦֣
㶵ĿСսң뵽ӺһҰ֮ɫڴۿҪŮͨһ˵ϣ壡̸ӹʲôͷϣҴֻܹȾȽżأĽ˼صˡ
СӴЦˣռ϶ǴװͿŮΪʲôѾͷ㲻֪СѾͷǶ䶾ĻŰǷѵһ㶼ûȥСѾͷǻˣֻǶ䶾Ļզ֪СѾͷǲҲˣ
һͣ޽Ҳˣ
ĿһţǺ󣬲ȻһغˣСûĺһСѾͷŶ꣬ô˵ҶĻأѾͷҩҲǷ޶ʲô¶
塭죬ȴ˵ʲôЩ԰ס
ĽǸӡﲻ
СǺЦǲ־ģ˷ʱ䣬ϽȥȥҴ򡣡
һ塭
棬Ŵߵ˷ʲôϽߣﻹأҩǻҪȥ
СֺǺǵӦСӣƢôǰҲҹ㡣
Ҳңһתˡ
Сֵߵ߶ںš
˲Ի͸¶Ϣȴܶ࣬٣´ɣ뵽˺ܶࡣ
ʱľȱ޽ֱ߳ߵǰҲ޽סڼУԺһסϣʱȥպԺ󿴵Զ㣡޽ԸԸȥϣ
޽ͷͷľȵĻԸ⿴ҪһҲҪ㣬ң㻵ﻵҲһ𡭡
ľ޽ĺ󱳣㶼ˡ
޽
޽޽һľȵĻĸˣľתȥ޽Ҫݡ
סȽ
޽ˣҸд㴦ãǶκԹԡֻǡҧҧܲĽղ˼Ѫˣ˹ȥʮկˮҲһʱܲܡ
ܣ
ľĻ
Ҫ˵ʲôľѾ޽̧Żݡ
һԿۣǰһ磬ôôҪȽ㲻֪ĽȽʲô㲻֪ѾɩôǶŸ𣿡
ûгһ˵꣬˾䣬ģҸ˵˵ҵţһá
Ķͷֱ
ҿڤ粻飡
ҹŮģҪĿȥ𣿡ҲźôͲһĸ顣
˵ʲôս߳ЦһһŮһĸ顣ǿˣǷǹ߻Ӹ˿ˣʵȽļֵĺܿţǣȥðɣֻǹ˽գҵô˰ɡսҴĻ£
ս˵⻰͵̧ͷŵĿ
֪˶ãѹԺѿһˣȥǣţţ׺óϳȥ
ȥûãСһͬػսҡ
ľȱų˯ȥ޽ԸŸϳϡ
ߣЩǸĿϣСʮһġ
ɵӣ޽ҪСʲôʱܿѣȥϣȥϣʲô¸˵˵һа취ǧҪʲô¶
ֶ£ϻﲻҪ̫ϻĶҲ̫࡭
һһ¡
ͩٽҡ֣㣬޽һǾȥϿǡǶҪúõġ
ľЦŵͷá
ս۵ͷȥɡ
˽͵ڣ˵·һ·ˮķȥת˸ҡ
սսմ򿪴ţͼʢҵܵһͷͣǸǰڴڵĴ壬ҡأ


234 Ϸ

ʢҲһϣŶˡ
սսһۣսŴ޽ȥϡ
ֵɵˣ⡢ô죿
ս΢΢üǡûǵ𣿡
ҵҡͷǸմɽ˵ˣصҷڣŻ塢ģû뵽
սɫÿͷķһۣӰӰ´ƼϤӰƺĿ⣬һ̵ȫ˸ɸɾ
ҵĲսս̬Ȳԣ̽һ䣬ǲǡʲôˣ
ս̾˰ڰ֣ǻȥɣЩʱǵϻȻ֪ˡ
˵գսԺӣûö˽ȥ˼־͹Ժš
ʢҵٳٶۣҲʶȷʵˣ϶ʲôˡ
˶һۣǰʸףȻ˵Ҳǿ
ҵʢ磬ȥһˣ
ʢԥûУͷߡ
ֵתͷߣԺûȥֱ̤ȥϵ·
ϣѽ磬ʢҵһ·ȥʮķݣţýԺӣľ˵ˡ
ľ˯޽ټһ裬ðȥһЩ˵ȥʢҵ˵
Ӧˣֵ˽ݣȥ˽ȥݡ
һ·ȵ㽪ɡ
㡭
ʲô˽˵ľȽƹȥ
ҵŶһҲ˽죬ཹȫ˽ȥȻ󣬷룬ֱֱ
ľһЦٿʢʢҲεҡҡͷһ
Ƚǲǳʲô£ȥҴңĽҲˡʢĨǣżɽʵ
ҵҲͷ
ľЦЦҴ˶ȥպĴ޽޽ţ޽ϵˣһյġүүԸպĿϿ˰ɡ
򵥵һ仰ȴ͸¶ܶϢ
պĴ޽ľպģС岻պĿȥʮկؤС嶼ѿʩҩǶպĲŲպϿľȴһﶼûС
ҵʢӦ죬ľȻ˵ɲǾ׷ʲô¡
ɫҲȻһ䣬޽ˣҪҪպַʲô裡
ʢһӦҲѿһ䣬޽û°ɣ
ֵ˵ķӦһԽŵİһɣãֵǺõģȻһ˿ɾ̫˺ˡ
պƺѧһЩڼҹ򣬽޽Ŀ˵أҪ仹Сָܻǰ߰˳ɡľɫ΢ʩ룬йɽ˵ҩ޽ôСӣ˵Ӱ졣
պĻ鷳Ǻ޲վһǶ䶾£
̵ģҵǺЦһǰպıѨϰ䣬Ϊ䣬ȫǮҩϴ裬һȫҩιġ
ʢɫܲÿôˣĽҲܲ޽
ֱȽûǡûȥ޽ǲǾͱĽڵû˹ˣ
ܣôܣһնɽҶǮϻϴϴ˯ˣպô湦һˣ޽Ϲô񣬵ǻÿ޽ѿ𣿲ôᷢ޽ϵˣ
ʢɫһƬࡣ
ǺͿ
Ϳҿ޴ԼŮˣת֪ǴʲôҵյĴ̫ʦվ
ʢüͷһҵǵ
磬ТТôТҪѧǰǰТȻ޽ܵպĵ۸𣿡ҵ粽ã˵ҿ˵ʲôպʲô˵ѵףȴäĿãĵ˳ʺĹ𣿡
ʢһͣû죬ʲôµʹᡭ
˵꣬æȥľȣȽҲǲ㣬ҾǡǾõﻹûһ
ľȵͷ粻ؽͣ⡣
ڰһҵһͷľȣ㣬ү˵ȥæʲô£黹˳𣿡
ľף˳ѾˣٹС¾ܿˡ
ҵһ㶣һ¾Ҫˣڿ𣿡
ľ򴽣һĨЦ⣬ģľǶ⣬ٺʲˡ
ҵŶһⳡϵҲ˵Ǿͺá
ľЦЦ˵һЩЩӵ£ҵĹΣʢ书֪˶нϵЦ˼¶ȡ
˿޽Ժ緹СԺֱȥҽѰϡ
ʮҽݺļҵʺ÷ˡ
ƺҽݵִʲôϱպڵϣɫЩףһƬ𺡣
ûôӣܲȰҩûȥͷٰǮ
նүϿɱΪСģҽݣͷǿӣŲˣСû취ƹĽƹҲû취ҽǡ
ղҲŮҩ²ģ¶ҩǮһģҸٶʶҩǮġ
ǲٶҲҩǵģ
ͻȻЩֱĿ˵Ĵ򣬡˵ǲǣǲٶҲҩǵģ
㶣ҽҩ̲й棬һﶼ֪ģٶʲôϵն̫̫⻰ôôŤ
ٶʲôϵȻٶйϵͻȻٶʶǼҵѾͷҹŮ˾Ѿͷ˵ģȻϣҹŮã϶ǰٶңǲŲҩǵģ
Ի·һʱûعѾͷ˭ʶĺ
ȵȣռҶѾͷ
ιòɣ
ɲҩռҶ⻰治ٶҴİй氡
ļÿһ¶ٰһûǮץҩƽʱץҩӲǷǸʮ˴İն֪ģλ
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ϼ򲻿Ϊ˵ˣȦһ죬ɫԽ񣬡һΪȥٻ󣬻صʺĵطſӣҸ罫赽ļϣܲ͸磬СսսΪһΡһʧͷǷʮĸͷʮĸ֪
÷ɫһףæȥϣں˵˵ʲôסڣ
ΪʲôҪסڣ֪أһҾԼŮûо;ñ˱ˣҵһʩѹȥͷĽ֪ûã֪ҵʱֻԼĺӣĸŮԣѵҪԼŮȥһˮ𣡶ԣˮƫװıקˮ
÷סڣٺ˵ˣĽǾȡ
ȡҵŮʹ˴ãҲĵ̣ܽʲôʱֵõһռ˶ǵǽ̣ƾʲôƾʲô
ž
һİɫɷ׵Ŀ˲ָӡӣ΢÷ѵ
ϱһƴƺʧȥеһȥ§ŵպҲ˵ϣһ§סӣһŮ˵ı
ĽĴĵˣԣֻһҩͯȻѾһԵĻסˡ
⡢ϻﻰ˼˵ﲻģģ
Ϊٻ󣬾ټҷ硭
⡭
뵽˼ǵ¶￩⿩˼£ͱͱҩͯС죬ȥٶң¶ˡ
ҩͯתŽӲĲӣǰǰɣϴ۾˿ڿˮѹ˾䣬Ǻ֪ʲô˲õ¡
ȥ
ҩͯͷ͵ϣæһĺ˵ſڣһתҪ壬ȴͻȻײһϡ
ʢҵվſڣҲ͸¶Ļסˡ
ҩͯһͷһҪ˷϶ȥȴһͺ𣬡ʢסߣẦȽģ
δ䣬ʢһǯסҩͯ˫󱳺ƽ˷䡣
һƬɱ⡣
󾪣ҩͯ㵽㡢ʲôǡǿļҵӡ
ٶҸѡҩͯǣҪɱǣٶҺһ϶
ʢӵĿ˾䣬ԣȽѾ֪Լ
һ죬˵ͷ
ʢһҵţȥȽ·ү֪֪֪һ
ҵͷСĽģȻû㲻£ȴĻĲʵݿԵΣ£תߡ
ҩͯһۣ֪ȥԼүеĿ־Ī˲١


235 ׷Ŀ

ҵɫæķأľӭҵôˣ
㣬ˡ
ľһʲôˣ
뵽Խ׵ĵҵֻЩôҲ˵ڣȴֲò˵ǡΪʺõĴ򲻿ҩǣϣ˵ɱڡ
ľһ뵽ϣû
㣿ҵ¶ġ
ľȳЦЦ߰ɣȥ
¶ŲƼߵļƣһ㶣Ҫȥ
ȥҽһˣȥļȥʺá
¿ҵӦǣ
첽ԺӣŲԶں׺ţƷƳ˼״һۺ󣬸Իݡ
ܶһ·ԣ쵽ʺʱҵͻȻ㣬˵ġ𣿡
ľȵĽŲ΢΢һ٣ûͣǡ
ҵĬһʺǰפ㣬ľȣͻȻЦˣ㣬㲻ǵӣұģȴĪҡ
ľһ
ҵ˵ţȦ׻Ǻˣ۵ĶպģҲǵĺӣͲرļ̫˼ɡ㣬Ժô˵Ҷվߵģҡ
ˣɵϣö˵㶼סľʱֻؿڣѾһߵ꣬ĵһͿʵʲô硢޽ҵֵܽãӹɵġ
ҵ׻ûסᣬŽһ㡭
ʲôˣ
Զͬĸ밲£˵˽ǰܳĻơ
ҵͷ˲۽ǵۣվһԡ
üͷ΢ľȡ
ľȳЦһ˵£޽պˣҰպĸˣʺÿҩǮΪⶣ㲻ģҵ˵ʺõĴҩͯˡ
ѲݣǷ𣿡˺һŷӦľ˵ʲô˼ɫˣŵĵ
ľޱĿ
ͻȻɨľ߶ҵڵĻ̿˿ǣðűһ䣬ʲôȽȥɡ
һ˽ҽݣƹĿٶҡ
һۣڰ֣ȥȥȥݣһһȻȥ
ƹæһĨ˰ѺתͷȥԸҩ̵Ļơ
һҽݵĲ˶ˣʣһЩƣҲƹķ˼٣Լûҽȥ
Сһ͸׵һ˹ȥٶҾ
ҩͯʾһ˱һȣ޺ٶҾ

ô̰˾˸ɶɱˡ
ûͷԣ֣նҪǵǻ֣
˶һۣЦıȿ޻ѿ
ٶҡүûնɱ˵
˼ǿϹսմģ
ɱǣ
ҪСţٶңֻʬˣ
ʢľһǰһһһȭүˣʵڱǸ
ҡҡͷ޷̫ˡ
˵䣬Ǵ򣬡ȥնҪҩ
ϲͷҩͯӦһĿͷǣٶңСȥ
˵գӵһקŴߡ
ȴͻȻߣ
һ㶣նģʺõ˲װѲ˵͸¶ȥοϵ֪ô
˵ţ̧߶ˡ
æͷնүģǾΪץҩʲô֪
ļҼӣʡ
ҡͷ
ô֤ǲ͸¶ȥĻ͸¶ȥвأǵļвأȷǻܣ
üͷ˲šľȡ
⣬ȷʵðһգǡҪ޹Ϊϵķˣ־ﲻԭġ
ҩͯͨһڵϣٶҡ
Щ
ľȴǰԷ˶ˣյ¾͵ûзֻҪǿڷϽһЩµģǼ˵вܾǾ˵ù˼ʲô
ҩͯһ㶣
˵ǣǣҵĲǡˡľɿˣϥ
æȥСǵĴ²ôŰ壬ȻҲĸס
ҲòĿ˿ڡ
˲һ

ʢҵͬʱ
ҵ۵ϣ㵽ʲô
Ͽޱľȣͷ𿪣ʲôֻŮȥ
պ𣿡ҵŭЦָеպģֻۣ֪Ĺεôƽձ޽ôˣ޽ıˣؿڱһţҪεļʱ˵ʱ͡
һ㶣ʶȥľȣľȴӣҲû
ϱۣһЦʹĽΪ޽ǽ
ãҵظã޽ôСǵˣԼöôص֣㻹㻹ǰǸȥˣȥˣ
ҵĽã
˵ԸҪֻҪ޽
ϿһƫľȵСӣٿҲĲͬҲվľһߵģܵͬˮڣľȣЩ˼˵˳ڣΪʲôҪĻҺڡ
÷ˣһŭȣס˵Ļ
Ϸ߷ߵĿһۣȴûٿ
ƣ̫ѨľȵȽǷ޶Բס㣬ﵣĽĽѾ˺ܾãٲҩҪá
һԲ̨նүǰǸ˵ԲΪߵţΪҩ壬ҩֶô඾ؼڣ˱Դš
˾䣬ܳ
ľбһۣЦ
һ߷ߵվԭأԲ𡣡
ļ̌һۣǰӢ˲˴˿һƣ̬֮һͷڷҲҰͷĬ죬ҵʢһۣ˵Ҳ˵ܣֻ֪ҵһ¶ܾһԼģΪŮ𡣡
æҡͷ˵ʲôľȴûͣڵĻᣬҲãһ˰ҵĻǶǨˡǾͶ˸׸ɾԺǣ
㡭ҵૣ۾ˮ
ʢճȭɫ
Ƚû˼ɫһף־Ҫץľȵĸ첲ľˣץ˸ա
ȻŭľȵĻͻȻסƺ˵ʲô
Щظ̫࣬˵Ĺ¡ľԳһЦһۣôҽվ˵һ飬պҼΣǷ޶ʮ֮ҲˣοʵʲôǷ֪ԣӴԺ壬ǷҪʲô죬ǶҵĶ类ǵŮˣҵ˵˵Ȼǲ˼һŮ⡣
ľ˵꣬бƤӷպһۣԺļҵҩҽݾˣĳЩ˵㴮ͨⲻ˸ǡ
üٺЦ̼ҸŲǷй棡һȥ˴ҽҩ̣ļ¾Ӫľݡջ¥԰ׯӣһžܾ룡ǻ
ľףҵʢǸһЦתߡ
ϵͫ׾ţһѾס䣬֪֪ˡ
ɫɷףһ˫۾Ŀľ뿪ıӰֻѪԵǸܿµĶ⺢ģɷɢѹ˵ү
ֱľʧŷӦľȷ˵ʲô㶵ģð׵صĿ
ͬ̾һҵʢ˵ͷԼ˳ȥ
ϸôһ٣˴˿ĻҶ˵ʲôͷַģԼвǵǲӣҲ˵ġ
˵ļ򣬻ȥ룬õǶ˵ļв˵ʵҲˣ罫˵ߣŪԶԶģҩͯҲÿУţЯҴڵ߹հ˹յȥ˽һ۵ҽݡ
ʺóľֻƣվſڣʺÿյĴãֻԼҲġ
ǰסģǻذɡ
ľЦЦΰ·
շתСԺԺشתľȻſʲôҡͷֹɤ۵ĻӲ˻ȥ
ϣľ˵˾ʯ쾪Ļ˲ɵ˵壬ѻӶǨǨ𣿡


236 ۵ĺ

Ƚ㡭
壬ͷ䣬˵ľȳЦЦ߽ݡ
Ƭ̣Żסںţţʲôˣ
̧ɨۻεӣ룬ʺҽݵ˵ˣ󲻸ŵĵɴ۾⡢Ƿ𣿡
ųͷߵſڣƿӣ壬롣
Ӳ˫Ƚݡ
ľȿ̫ʦϣ˫ۣ۰Ĺͷָ̫Ѩ¶뽪һľһԵĸ߼ϣһ˸󣬡壬뽪
еĽˣ꽫˰º󣬲ŷӦĵĵл
ľЦſ󣬡塭
ĿͻȻһ£⺢ӡⶼʲôʱˡôЦĳ
Ƚĸ۰ôĵһôԴ⺢ӵжİ
ɩտǸõģȽҲ۰Ľôڱӣڸʲôôܶɩ˵ʲôʲô
Ƚô˵Ҳʮ꣡
ʮĸѵȲһ۶񶾵պ
ȻǱȲϵģȻֻнЩ£
ŭһŭ쳣ȴҲ˵ȥĻǶԷҲ˽ز
壬ŮɣľЦ
ҸͲһŮЦһǣҸûּңĻǣլЩ˸ͷԲȴˡ
Ŷһۣͷ
ų⣬ԼŮڵŮҲ񡣡
뵽ľڵĳݣҲͷͣŮɣԺҲʡ鷳
˼Ƭ̣ҲͬĵͷҲãȽö⣬ȥ˵һ룬ͻȻľ̫ү˹ϵͬһ㣬ͣס˻ͷ
ľЦЦǾôɣͷһˣʵûоӦˡ
ã۱ջúϢϢĺϢæӦ£ľ۵µɫ̾һգչ㼸գݵġ
ľвӦģЦһһӦˣŽߡ
ӣʢĵںܿڲ󶯺һŵĵ
ľҡͷްʱѾĴ㣬ɽǻᴦá
ռҶҸ˶ŰɣһһüͷСĽ
ľ΢Ƭ̺󣬿ЦһΪǶȴδҪŵǡˣţ˶ǡ
Ӧǡ
ˣȥϢýҳʲôŰ졣
ľ˵꣬ת˷䡣
ȥţǡöźԲֻжݣȻСأ
ĿһµĿݣһԲŵ߼ϣҲãСԼһ˰ɡ

СԺȽϻʮկһˡ
üȥȽôôͻˣ
ŵСӶٽУú͵ܻܵȥлҪ˵
߶ŮϷţϣյߣϷ¶˵ˣһŭգؿǷȽʮĹŮھôѵǰ۰Ǽٵģ
ĺ󱳣ˣʱҾǻ˵һͩ˵Щ˾ŲʮġԺԼ֪ҲͰˣǧ˵ȽΪǵĿʲô¶ǿɾ̫ԲȽļξ֮ˡ
ϵһۣǰ㲻֪ص𣿾ǡҪȽҲĸ˵ģǰǻ༵ʶɩǰ˭֪
ˣҲ룬ϵײ׽ѪԵûʲôϵԺǶչȽճñЬʲôЩǱҰţܲܽ۸ȥ
ϵͷ
⺢ӡۡ
죬̲סȦ
һǲ֪ҿǺǿջЦʱǺ޵ȥһ٣ȽõĺӣǷȴֻĽ
뵽պģüͷ壬Ҳ̾һһʺǷ޺ڵһա
棬̾˰죬Ϊв»ûط԰˵껰԰ȥ
һƼ׼õİָˣû˼ԣôθҲû˼ԣ
æ׷ȥȴֻƼƨһŤһŤĹո䣬˴ӡ
̾˿ֻý˻
Ͽ͵ŸҦ˵ˣûҦƾŤƿķķţɩ㡣
Сãˣ֮ǰ֪𣿡һû
ҦЦһҼңҽԼһҪţɩɵ˰ɣ
˵꣬תߡ
ı˱ۡ
ٽͩæӸڻСǲ鷳ˣ
۷ڴͷĶεǸѱƼˡ
ͩĶţҾָ֪ǵĶǶǲТ˳ͷˣ޲ҲҪҪҪˣ
ٽ˵໰ſȰ뵽ĲǸľĶĿҲһɲޣͩһ䣬ûûƤ޵С
һ
ͩ϶Ťͷһº͵ٽٽСһ죬СܷڴϣӴͷóСʲô˵ĶбȥҪȥ
ͩϣ
ϵ𣿡
ٽͷУ϶У
ٽԼĺɰͳͭ壬ֻҪܰסͭ͸˵æﲻ
СŮһۣЦ˳ֵŮĶͷֻǸɵģûѾͷһ䳦Ӷڶ׳һƵ
ٽС˵ģһ˫ƽտͨӴ˿̸ˡ
ڻ巿һЦ飬ȥݡ
̫̫ҦȻһ֣ͨͼֲˣƾַ죬ûоûУҪԼȥ巿Ҫ
˭֪巿Ԭϻģһ仰˶ĺö죬̫̫öĻײȥԬϣҦƵӲģѶ
˵ˣļױҪǶĶԼš
˭ǣӦԬϡ
һʵԬЩ˵ĻǹӲܲ˵
Ҫǽ巿ݣһʱʮկܴ̫̫Сݲ¶ϱɩӣҪǿɩӵļױĻ
ۿžҪϹˣײˡ
Ȼ֮
Ԭϵͭ壬ǰƲƲ죬Цϣɩ֡

һһ磬緹ûþʹСԺƷ˻ΪǴ̿ͣЩûͬһˡ
ľһˬݳ緹һƨ棬а£죬ˣĿ㵽ҹһҹֶ
ЦӦˣתȥһ뼦С棬ˣһ㹽һ²˼ذСࡣ
ĸɸɾϵһ˸ɾϣ˼ŶӽУǳԱˡ
ľ밲һʰ˷ƶ˺ȥ˿еζ˵
Ѿʮһ³ˣһȺͷأ˵ɣʲôʱҵ
׼ˣ
дϸҵǸɵĶ֪ôðɣ׼ˡһ뵽ǻѾʴȴ󵽵ıӪգߣҴһԣ⣬ôϼңҵɣ
ľЦȻ׼ˣǾͿҵɡ
۾һģ
ľȵͷ
һһͳˣơ죬Ͻģүôҹдõŷȥȫȥҵҵһһҵ
ԣ㷽˵һϵˡ
ʲôͻȻҵ˵¸ȥ鷿Ȼȥ˰˲ʲôģͷ壬÷½
˵գһ̵ˡ
ľȣ

Ϊ̸ؿҵʱĲ࣬һ׼еŸȫ˳ַš
Ϊ׼յŵձΪҵڡ
һʱ䣬ϱط׷ðһĹӣԸֱͷţȸףţ⡢⡢⡢ϺзͺΪˣԻһĻ꣬ʽҵˡ
ҵһգԳԡ
ҵڶգѡ
ҵգŻݡ
ҵգŻݡ
ĶգȥݳԷ˸ûԼھˣ֮Աȵǹһֱȼ̼һֱڵģʲô˾ʲôˣ۸񰺹߲ˣֻʱʱ΢еǮĶѵ
ؼǣڻ˴áżʵŮͶչ˵ˣ⿪ŮרõСԺдɾˬӴһɫС
ҲԼײͣŹͲ˻ؼãר˸ȥ񣬵ȻȥıڵڳԵҪϺܶ࣬ȻסȺڵ顭


237 Ī

һҵС£ձʮķݵŶ⣬й֮޲
ʱ£Ѿ߰ղؼҡ
һգ㵽ҹ⼸յˣϵ֣ۣѾ˺ü飬ҪΪԼˡ
Ͼһ꣬⡢Ϻ֮ĽЩһ߲˾Ƿ˼۸ҲǺܸߣôܴôߵ棿
ֱ˼
ġ
ҡҡͷֻԼȻǰǮͷûеģռˡҲүǻеͷԣҺ׬˼ǮŵǷݼҵ
Ǽֵܵһһû¡
ԳһЦ˻ЩƵԴҪͻȻݹһڵ̲裬壬ˡ
ôˣѾͷôû˯ֽӹתЦеľȣҲһЦ
ľ£ɨϵ֣ЦЦҲ֪ʲôʱܻر
һ㶣ղŻ׬Ǯ˵뷨ľһ仰ͻȻãͶôرȷʵҪһʱ䡣
ľֽŵǿĵ࣬رӦò̫и߰ʮգӦþͲˡ
˵ֵۣѾͷأ
֪仰ˣͦС
ľЦ׼ˮһЩСԣ˼գϴԵ㶫úϢɡ
ãͲˡ
ʱƧ鷿æ϶񣬹ʵˣ˲ųȥһƬůڣľȽ˶񣬻ڴĶԽСͬɫȹȥ˯޽˺ܶ࣬ŷĵĻԼ䡣
¸ں棬Ϸţ΢һЩڵĻյ̼ζ̫ء
⼸۵ĹǺǱ߻ûл𣿡
ľҡͷ˱ڴµϣ῿ŷôţҲ˼ǲܣŽˮ͹ˣȴһӦô£ĵĵط
ҹˣϿۣЩЪɡ
ľȵ飬ЦŽ齵ķƣ㲻Լ̫ү˵ܲòܷ˵ǡ
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ͷеޡƳ񣬸ﱸˮϴݽš
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ˮ˵ŮǴ˲ݵĹŮӣʵ޷Ů
ľ֣ڣҪŮǨδŮӣ֮١
˼ã˻˿ͣɹܻة֪ΪʲôǲϵͷлָҪȥͷ磬̫үһЩ
Σľ˵ˣľȱԼʱȥݼܷˡ
ų䵱ľȴ˰Ƴȥܷˣսţһŷ͹˹˽ľȵĻУս㣬ս㣬ˣ
ľһ㶣ŻȻ̧СԴһȪ͸Ϥ˫ο˵Сıð˭
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ܷ˰֣һ˵Щȥɣͷĺܡ
ľȺЦͷǣŰֽݣѾ˲㣬˵汧ãľܷ˺Ͱ˵˻л˵ĿģܷЩ죬ΪΣ
ľɨ۲ܷźڲˣܷ̻⣬ȫ˳ȥ
ľŽ˵ǰ˵ˣҲռҶŮֶҡǨҲա
ܷĿľȣ⺢ӡҲǶֶѵģǾǼҺӣûϺáҲգǨǨˣֻһδ׵СŮŮ˵ǣ硭
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ľȿЦãˣǳЦľء
ܷšڴЦǳˣ
Ҳûŷˣֻǲ̫ۣĻˡľ˸ĵ
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ľȵ΢΢һȻڽˮ΢õܲĻôط
ľȲšüͷ
ܷ˼ɫԣЦЦõģ˭Ҳû˵̫үҲû˵ҲеĻţʶһµһĶҡ
룬ҪҪŪŴ۵Żݿû¸һ·ˣҪĻ󶫼ҵ˵ȥľɷµ
ܷһ㶣ЦѾͷ
ûͼһͷܻյܷ˶ߵ䣬ܷЦŵͷ¡
ǨҸүΣ
ľһ㶣⻰ǡ
ֽкãùս㵱Ůҵıˡս㣬ӦɣӦɣ
ܷ˵ͷ˼ʮ޸үϥֻӣһʮߣһʮ壬һֱҪŮȴ϶ʱӣôЩ꣬Ҳûת
˵ţľȵͻȻһôõŮĸҪҸүҪүҲ޲ڣζ˵ôŮ͵ĸĲ˵үȻλԣܼңҶļ壬ԺĺܣʲôҲҵǵҲҪ˼˼ĲܼҺǲǵôÿ˰ɣôɣˡ
ľȣ
źѾЦ߽ˡ
ȥ˰үлŮˣȥ
Ѿ߰һ̧ͷ㶵ĿŲܷˣܷɹȥʲôȥ
ˡľæ裬ôʹá
ôʹã⺢ϲб£ҪôŮζЦѡǣ㲻Ը⣿ܷ˵ͻȻüЩήҡ
ľȣ
ôòܷ˸ǰǸ̫һ
ô˵ţôôã˵Ǽٵġ
ŮԸ⡣
ܷ˵ĶԣݣһŮû̫үıɡİȫҲõгһع۲ܼңϾܼףͬһңҪҲһġο·
̴ܷЦݣߴѾ߸Ͻȥ̫ү˭֪ճ˶ţͼ̫үҴҵߡ
ݣݼ̫үЦݺ˼䣬ܷһ˼䵥Ů£Ը⵱ǵŮǾ͵ԶҲǿеġ
ľЦŹ£ݼ常ĸܷ˸˵Ȧˣ̫үҲźЦĽкá
ܷԷ̫үȥǨ£ľȻԸݣ˼ϻӵͷľȣȡϻӵ飬һϻȫǵɫģſĴָָ׸ǴСſԲɫΡ׹ܺʣһϻѵõĺɫѵõĻǿſŴСһ¡
Щҳʱ͸ҵģ˵ҸŮһƷߴԸˣܷЦӯӯľ˵ʮļ
ľȣ
һԸɵۣ˼ζûľȻĹĵĵŲܷˣһӵѾЦӯӯĿŲܷˣֻĲܷ˱ƽն˼׽
緹ʱ䣬̫ү˵˻˵ǨãľȱܷŮˣľȵ˼ĲĶν
ľЦϥл常ĸ
ܷ˱̾һľȷúӣԺԼˣЩضˡ
Թ緹ܷ˽ͳţԶתԺǰʰĶһԴ˽ˣȥСȥ
һŷӦǷ˿еĴС˭æ׷ȥ
ľȸصݣ˾׷˽ľȿͷ˵Ƿ˵ķԸľֻýˣŻͷѰʲôȥǡ
ð罫ͳȥ֮ľȱۿ̫ʦϣ֪˯˹ȥǸļҺȻûУȴ˺ۡ
㡭
ľۣɫȻ԰׵޽Ļ½ǣˣϲ˱סľȵĴȣ㣬ˡ
ľЦŽ޽ϣ޽տкúóҩ
޽ͷúó˵ģ޽㿴ҵġ
һЦ޹Եĺܡ
˵ЦţͻȻִƷɫŹֵ߽棬ϡ˵Ҫ޽ȥˡ


238 й

޽ʶľȻꡣ
ľ˫ۣ˳޽ĺ󱳣Ʒһģ
Ʒͷ
޽ɲܽ˭֪ͷǶ䶾ôŰ޽أû೤ʱ䣬Էֵ۶࣬ȷ׵Ů۸ĸˡҪ˵ʵûмıҪ
ľȴ޽룬԰µ½㣬ȥһկҶϽ
˲⣬ãȥ
´ߣľѵ캮ٸһȥ
֪ˡ´˾䣬ͷҲûصȥˡ
Ʒ޶һۣϡ
㣬ҲҪһȥҡ޽ľȻ۵ĿǻҸ˵ˣţ˵ѡҲϲˡ
ľ̾˿ӵӵ޽޽ȥǾͲȥ
޽ˮ̧ͷľȣ𣿡
ļְ̌ȥϵˮĵ˵ıǼ⣬ġ
һ𡭡޽ϣĿ
ľȽС§뻳У˲ģЦŵã޽Ժ͸һҲȥ
𣿡
ģ黹棡
޽СԴľȣһͻȻ۵һ˳ȻһͷײľȵĻľؿײۣȴ޵˺ѷΣۡˡû޽˵˵㲻Ҫ޽ˡۡ
ҪģҪģǸŮˣ˵Ļôأ޽ӦǲǣֻǳŰ£ⲻǻ𣿡
ľ۵Сĺţ޽жûȫС
޽ŵͷ޽޽㡭
޽Ǻúӣϲ޽ˡľͷһ£Сſ޵ĺͨͨ۾ЩСߵĿľȡ
Ƭ̺Ҳսľȵգһڡ
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޽һҡͷ϶㣬޽׿ڸ˵޽ȥס
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ͦظߵģֱˡֱӡ
Цųǰ˵Ƴ˰֣ȥһūŵʮƽͷվԼĳǺǡ
ϵĽŲһ٣ͷɨţ治ɫĿȥ
üͷŵ˼˺һͻȻȻĵ㡢Ǹ˭Ķӡ
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Ͼһģ˲ɢֻýüͷٿһۣתߡ
ľЦЦҲգȻ޽Ҫġ
޽ľȻУͷ
ƿӽݣ;һж̫ʦΣ̫࣬ʦΣмǸ߼ľǺͨĳľȴܾ£ĺɫ͸һɺء
Ĵ磬ͨȴԼɿһ鷿һҡ
ľڶһ̫ʦϣһҩι޽ȡ
ľһɫ廨ԽСɫȹͷһ٣һһͲǷƷ
ٿе޽°ɫСɫ廨ŽصȹͷŰͷÿͷһ鷢Ȧ
϶ȥЩ龹Ȼȫġ
ɵһ˶ռҶѾͷϢˣļү׬˴Ǯǰţû뵽Ȼġ
㸻㣬ǰûӱļʱȴᶼûǮĻ
ò˵һˣҲŤˡ
޽ؼҡ
ľŮѾʧµһֶԸ˵ǰҪȥץ޽֡
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֪ġľ޽ĺ󱳣ϣպҲġ
ϵɫȻһ䣬ľȵʹһ˵񣬡ȻڼǺҾĽûо¡
㲻ذûңʵϡľȱ޽վѱԸ߳һ߶Ȼ˾ӸµƣôĿϣұ뱻
㣡ƺû뵽ľȾȻ˵Ļһʱԭء
Ƿޱ۸ǵǹǰů۰Ҳһıƣ
أ
ĸ˾ˡ游۰ǻܾ谮ȴպһ֪жĻԹޣ
Ǻǡ
ǰ벻ףպΪʲô᳤ϣȻŴǿ
Ҫ㣬Ҳȥ
ڣ޽ͻȻ
ɫһﲻļң𣿸ȥ
ҲȥҸ˵ңﲻţҲҲȥȥ޽ִֵ
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ָɣָľȲɹһĨ
Ҳ㣬йޡƳ񣬽ŪȥѨҶ
ƳһۣӦǡ
ǿͿˣ˵ǰСߵһѾߣССĸһ㲻үСǼҵĴһ𱰡
ǣ
˵Լɣ

ɫȻһ䣬ľȣʲô޽㻹ߣǱԻ𣿡
ľȰڰ֣Ƴһңһ˼һ첲Ժϡ
ϻУۼֿƳѨ
ϵŴ۾޽޽ȴŤͷſľȵĻ

ڵ磬Ҷϴһ˸ϵʱ̫ѾҪ䡣
ү̫̫̤Ժӡ
Ҵ˾ľ˾˽
ٺ棬ǴĸҪ歡
޽ݣСˡ
ľȽ˯޽Ŷվ˲᷿ߣڶ᷿˵޽
ǡ
ӦˣӵľȳȥԼŸȥ
үһľȣӾҪ£ľһѷ𣬡үӲˡ
ĳƺүӵɫ৵һ°ȥ
̫̫Ҳס˺
˾˶һۣɫѹ
Ƚǰһ۾ͨ죬㲻𣿡
ֹ
ľȸն̫̫Ѿ˵ҵҲѽǨԺٲռҶŮˡ
¼ľȴŵü߹ȥסʲô˵ɣͷ䣬С
ľȳЦЦᣬǹȥ˵ɡ
С롣үӵɫ˵Ȼ߬ȭֱ͹޲ýԼǲҲТŮݺݽѵһ١
ľҲƳ٣Ƚᡣ
˶ݣʾƳ⿪Ѩ
ϼľԼһƬţ⿪Ѩ󣬾ʹͷһԡ
үӲöִŮ̫̫ȴԡ
ǰ÷㻹ǲǵҸĸ˵Щ㻹ǲǵôģ㻹ǲǵáǣаյˣҵļӣҲТ
žž
һһϡ
ҹ£
ǿ̧ͷȦ죬񷢺ݣָľȵ֪֪ʲôջͲ׵ĽţҸ˵䣬ҪǶϾϵҪǨȥ˵ʲôҲмҵŮҸʮôһİǡ
žž
İ
壿ʲôʸ˵⻰ϽһȻ㣿ףûп޽ϵˣպŰ޽Ƚּʱֻ¾Ҫ޽ʬˣôˣŰЫŮһӴ
̫̫ɫ࣬һ˵꣬ؿֱ
æȥס
歺Ȧľȡ
ľȳЦЦ͵ıͷľ̾һ¹ҵĹϵҲǰˡ
÷£Сϴ
ӽһֱûүͻȻĿϡ
ίһᣬǸ֪ʲôĽߵĻԲѣߥ岻ĽϣָļүͨòҩǳĽ
պѵҧϣңƾСЩ£ٴΣ˵ĶԣСӹˣԼʲôˣ
歽ϳһŮ˵ķݣסڣ


239 һжȥ

һ˦ϣһһεµĴ£С
һĨ۽ǵᣬĿӹˣǺЦǶѪԵϵˣֻȽǣԻί۸ݺѪ̣
正
ɫ䣬Ҫס歡
歵һ֣ܿ˵𣿡
歱㡣ľĵ̾һ߹ȥס˵Щչˣܸж
歵һȽ
ˣûˡľȳǳǳһЦһжȥˡ
·棬Ϊֹһжȥˡ
Ļ֮⣬ͻȻ˵ʲôȴǿıͷҧס˴
ү̫̫ɫƺһȥʮ꣬ӹȥԭܣûн̺ŮСܿˣҡϽԡүС㣬ūԲ㡭
һȥҶϣȴ̫̫һĿĶ˸֣
˾ľ˾̹¡
ϸҪ򣬱ľסַҶ˾ˡ
λˡѲҵļӣҲû𱰡
С㣡үȦ죬Ը濪ʼˣǣСǧ򿪶Ҫҡ
үѾûˡľ֮̾Ծ˾˺ͱܶãԺлỹΪѰһݹ
үҡͷͷ󣬡С㡭
ľȣˣͻȻڣĿľȣ۰ʮһҸ¹ūһ㡭ˣ
ľ΢΢üɨһۣûд
뼸λΪ޽ľȿү̫̫޽ˣأҩʱ򳤻̣꣬߰궼еģ뽫ߣһҶҽ԰õĵӣ򡭡
ľбһۣռҶе˼պϣҲ޽ȥ۸ڵ徭ܲסһ˺ǻҪ
޽ģôẦϳ
ľȺȥն̫̫ңһ˺ôģ
һϣȴͻȻƢԺúչ޽ˡ
޽Ҫҩ裬ҩҩţҪǮмζҩۣǡ𣿡
ϣ
ϴģôȥүӰڰ֣ƣʧ֮ɫ
˾˽
ү˫һ
˾̽
˵ʲô̫̫յסѨŵ̫̫̫̫ޱĳӿһۡ
ǰ÷˳ȥ

ү̫̫÷ֱͻʮկͷԺȻӭôˣ
ĹεĶүӴӳ̧Ž߷˳ȥſ³һѪɼү֮
Ϸ̫̫˾ľ˾Ҳ⿪Ѩڳԥ˺һһѾԺӡ
ӵǷϣɫѿӣֻΪӱˣ֪ȥľҪ޽һ¡
÷¡
ү̫̫վԺУҲݣͶԸ
ϳһЦ߹ȥͨһڵϡ
֪
ϱͷǿһԡ
ԣǰͣȽĽǡ
Ӹ˵𣿡үȥ
죬˵ʲôͻȻÿ˵ɫÿ֪ΪΣʶĲʲôæȥϣȴܿĿ⣬ͷŤһߡ
壬ȽΣվأһ壬ȽĴԭǣȴսļޣϹäһ䶾ģƫؽˮĿĸɸɾвޣͳԽҴȽʵݣ˲ļˣȽй¶ȥȴȽĻʲôﲢϴ󣬸ҷһ򣬷ѨҪٻũ帾ˣӳȫ
͵̧ͷȻ
Ҳŵүӣ飬÷
סڣү׷ɱҹܽŮ˵ķݶ㣬̬Ťģ飡
˾ľ˾ж̣뵽Լҵ˵Щ£׮׮Ҫڵңӣֻһ³
̫̫ɷĻۣȴ˿鶼ûж
ү۵ɹȥ֣
˾ľ˾˶һۣǰҪ֣һԾ𣬳嵽̫̫ǰ֪ˣҵĹ֪ģ˱жнյĳɼ
ү飬÷ôүͣ
һͣƬ̣ή˵ĽڣҶʮ꣬ôãʲôóԵĺõĺôģȽ޽һԲҲһ£ȾԼŮоͳ޿⣬ǺǡЩ꣬ĽΪ˶֣ӴĶ̫˵ע⺦ӲĳĽĽ˶ãҵ˶ãΪҿǹһĸס
ҵˣӵūţȻĸף̫̫ϧĴĻǻؽˮʱҾȰ㣬ʢСߵŮһһŮѾ㹻ˣûбҪˣ㵱ʱô˵ġ
˵⺢СүĹѪҼӦ±ƽһ;ΪҵĺӶҵӣȻҵŮݣһӶģٸӣСС㶼ڵһλģ÷ڶ
ͷޱ̫̫һ̱ڵϡ
үӳӰڰ֣ȥ
̫̫ۣȴڶϲҿֻվ̫̫ߣʲôʱ̫̫һѡ
ȴһͬ鶼ûУһš
˾ľ˾˼ĸ̬ȼٲԥǰסϼͷֿ磬ƺһһѪȥ
æȥס÷
Ŀɫ׵һֽΪȻʧķ·û˹ͷȴҲˣ磬ңݡ
һ̾÷ǰЩҲˡ
歵촽ĽģǱģͷŤһߡ
үûлͷ÷ԺҪԳˣѾޣصԼˣֻǣͷһҪһ䣬ܺǵͣʲô˵ʲô˵Ҽˣģһֽǡ
ү˵ЩʱƽûѪûɱ⣬ûƫ侲ƽĲɸŶ˶
æᣬԺٲˡ
үûǵĻش˵껰;ֱˣ̫̫ɨéݻζĴתˡ
˾ľ˾˿ˣ̾һҲתˡ
ק正˳ȥ
𣬲ԺķΧʮկ˻կ·
éݲ˶ϵĴ´򿪣¶һŲ԰Сűȥɫ𺣬³һ䣬ûá

ʮկҡ
ûУ
ͷʹѵ̫ѨԼ߳溰һ
Ժﾲ˾
һŴܹѸγѵû죬ˣȻٿһ飬Ͼͺá
ķüͷһ𣬡
ܹѸĥĥĴ򿪷ţϻڻҵĿſӣﲻǹģ￴ɫ磬䣬˯һ˭֪һСľ˯ˡ
˱ۣתԼݣȥӳһ飬ʵֶ
ȥȥܹѸû׷æܣܵˢ˹׼һƿ׵ĸףˡ
һûˣŸ˵˵Ͱû׵¸ˡ
û취ֻȥؽ˼˶˹ȥ
һǺɫʱˣһ磬Ҫ׷ô
ܹѸίҲ׷ⲻǡû𣿶ӣȥЩɣۿҪˣʲôûб£ЩˣʲôҪǼۡ
ûˣǰ𣿡ܹѸ
ܹѸƲƲ죬ǲŶװ׷ͳûˡ
һᷳİ˰֣ϵ黹û꣬ӣ
ռȺˣܹѸ۵ĿŶ˶֣Ǽв׷Եʱ򣿱˵ȱ׷ľ̿ҲǾõģ
Ϊʲô
ȻΪռҶиǮ϶ԼҲ˼ûֻиŮ˺Ͷӵ׼ң
Ҫûռ׾ͺˣ϶ôҲῴµķϸЩʳ
˵⣬޼ϵܼңôǮƫƫһëΣҲ֪Ӽһ׼ңʲô


240 ˫ϱ

ˣȥˣͷȸ˵㲻ҪռҶˣƫǻһȰ˵ܳ𡭡
ӣﲻĻ𣿡ܹѸԼԩΪԼǼ̫϶ӺϻＷľǸѾͷﲻǼӣﲻҲΪȡһЩǮһЩ
һ²飬ĿʧˬѾûר־ĶˣҪǣ㻹öӿƾ𣿡
룬룬Ȼ룡ܹѸɵĵͷ
๩ô꣬εĲܽͬʱܴٻ
ˡ
ܹѸ̰ģһһĨûҲѧĸˣһЩ׬ǮƲǣ׬ǮӲרĶ顭
ңҲСҴӹʱûôɹ޸ҲûҲСܹѸһĽ飬ͷҡ˲˹ġ
ɫ˲ʮѿĿܹѸȻ˦תһԵǰŴǰ⣬顣
ӣ㲻Ƕ𣿳Ե㶫ٳɣܹѸֻӸղſֵֹģʿˮȰ
Ŀˣҳ⼸ٳԣȳȥɣù
ܹѸˣһǿƣͲҿˡ
ӼӶŭ룬Сﲻȥһƣʵûʲôɡ
ЦЦĿһۣæ˵ɽףŪɶģͽɽ˳㿳һЩɻյľ̿㳭ʱͲôˡ
ÿɷ񣬴ͷ
ܹѸС˳ϷŲԼؿڣ¶߯ˡ
һ뵽ôҪȥɽݽȦ״ȥ궬ɽϵĻޣ˵ǱϻԵʬǶȫ߯ˡ
ܹѸһʱɽϻô죿ԼȸԼŵĶ˼ء
ǽռҶϵܼ˸Ѫͷ

ܹѸˣյĽëʷ£صĶȥģھôһ֧õëˣȥˤˣǮδعһ֧µëʡ
ٿϳõĴ뱾飬ֱ޲һ˺顣
Ϊʲô
ľǸɵһϲ˵ʲôʲô
ռҶΪľ㾡ȫ飬ʲôҪǮҪֻ˵ͷ죬ͻǮ͵ϡ
ľȵĴʣϲ޵ī޳Ǹģ䲻Լ
ҲûľȵԼӡ
ǿռҶϾˣ˹ףȻѰҸõ¡
ôͷչ˽
ǴʲôʱƫԭĹ
һ̱ӱϣۣ̻ȴڷҵһ귢¡
ǴʲôʱƫԭĹ
ʲôʱ򡭡
͵۾ͻȻ뵽ˡ
ǴӺ¼֮ʼģ
ǰľȼ滹һ¼ټͿʼףҲ񡭡
ûԲд
Ϊʲô
ѵֻΪĺʱûеһʱά˵úɫ̬׽룿
ԣģ
ҡҡͷֻԼħϣЩʲôã
Ů˵ľ͸éʯͷһֳӲɲȥ׬καˣǵһɧ

ȻľǮԼ飬ΪʲôܻãڿȻлԼģԷɱȵռҶǮ
ϸĥ죬̾һܼʵڲʲôճǸܾһͲǸƲ磬ǣԺ˹˹٣ܾԼĨڻС¶һԼĹ;ɾͷˣ
ȭͷķִյߴ˴һԿҪĺʹ˴֣һҲƤô̻ʵĳԾ˶ӡ
û͵պģʹĽ˼յĿպ˵ˣպ˼Ƭ̣ͻȻ۾ץӵ磬и⡣ǰ˵ţȢܼС㣬Ȱõ֣ǣȻһ·ֱϣȻϵ״ԪѰ֮߳ͷˣ١ȢҾǡ
ͬԼ⣬ʼм־ϲһ䣬кǺЦһȴһƬ£Ķţ֪ң
պĽߵĿһۣŤŤӣһ˵ĻУ硭
պһҩζЩûŻȴǼⱧס÷ģһṼġ
֪ҺãԺܳΪ׸ˡ
պƵĿǵ׸ĴĵһƬȡ

⣬Ѱ˸ӣԼ͵ϣǮȫ˵ܹѸһܼңܹѸĿڽ¸˵˳
ܾ˿ǺЦ˺ð죬ôҵĺͨˣ
˼£ǰС״ССۣСԵ縺Ρ˼ΪС룬ѻ°ˣ֪ĸС˼
̬ȹǫûİܾ˵ɫ˺ܶ࣬ȥԺܷС˵һĸ
Ĵ㡣
˵ʻһ䣬ֻĸӶˣĸײٳּô꣬ѲգӽţҪٳĸӵճ
ܾ˵ǾƲƲ
˵ĹûʣǼûӣŮ޹ȥ
ôˣǡǺǡ
ܾЦȴԣֻţǻ磬Ů޹ȥЩԴĺӣǮҲ㲻ɶ
ãȥܷ˵Ҳˣ˵үү˵ЩлʲôҪ£ͷ
ܾһˣĸӵǵ֪ˣ˺Ůһ
Ҿǵȫ»˺Сһؾ
ܾ˸ĿҾЦЦ
ܼ߶ˣܾȥ˺Ժ
ܷС˻߿ĹӱŮ˵飬ܾˣܷЦкһСֺܾǺǵĸŮԱߵ̫ʦϣѾǰһջǲ裬ܾ˶һŴյܷ˸ǰˣף˵޻ǲޣ
ܷɨЦһҿûӻˣǰѹŮ޹ȥӻ棡
ܾЦеģӢ
ܷƳһۣ룬ү˼أ
ܾ˳СķŭŬ죬ȻȢǾͼޣҲûʱˣŮҪ⵵иУһŮǾܼҵģʱ򿼲ϾˣǼҶԿ
¶ʵһ;ˣŮҲģȻǰǴ׽ڴ
˵ܾ˿֣ŶֹŮ˸ŴԴĲֻС˵ܼҪһĺӣŮ޸ɾ
ܾô˵ܷ˾ЦˣүģȻȢǾͼޣױүɵüȥ֤ͷŮʱҿҪһĲĸҪ
ܾҲЦ˿СôҲӵĵ
ܷһ£תͷ˵顣
˵ССֻԼ˼Ȣʲôģͷֱܷ˵׵º󣬸˵ģֱڵĵ涶еڵ죬һײžž˼죬ģ
ܷŮĴЦŵͷ
ŮСʱɰôͷԼԽԽ֣ôʳ᲻Ůöã
Ҳ֪ǺǴ
ĸŮûܾ˹˼ɹܼҽϢȥңܼһͬȥĻһװ˲ܹѸȼ׶ӻ׵ӭȥ
ܼҼ񣬽ܾ˵ĻҼү˼ǽ䣬Ҳû죬Ͳˡɮ˸գ˵ʮǸӣСŵ˼
ͷһͷĸһٸϻظ
ܼЦӦǣж£ǻϡ
ܼ˵ĴΧǰ֣ƽʱܹѸ˵ϻϱЦŵ٩ϣɩӣǿྡˣңôණȶϱţ޿϶Ҳ١
ɲǣһֱ˵ܼǮֻһһŮױô٣
ɩӣԺϱĸɡ
ܹѸһǼмױôˣҶӹǾǾˣ״Ԫүܼһء
Χ
ţƤôҲˡ
һĿЩܹѸЩ˵ֱЦ


241 £֮

˵ĸʵѾϿӣȢţְ˳һͭ嶼Ҫ˼ƽϿɫӣӣǹˣ
ڼī˼գ˸ƽؿϹϾһ̫үƵʵͽĴ񣬸ܼҴŶ˵ҲˣǸգʮ¡
Ƹ
ᶼûᡣ
ܾ˶Цˣأ
ǽذɣ
Ҳûʲô̫뷨ֻ֣ܼͷԴĺԣûоûаɣ治ں
ڲƸԺʲôµʱ򣬸ó
ܾ˺ٺЦץ˼ͭŵĴ
ܼҵĸӹһ˳Ĳӣÿճ֣ܹѸҴҴܣǰܾ˼ҽ׵´˸飬ÿնռҵĴߵġ
һԴȥ山ͷռ巿Ԭϣܼһʱǹɵ⾢޲ܴ͸ֱԬһץеĹӣ߿ı߳ԹԣܹѸǰѶܼ˰Ǯɲˡ
ΧʱһϱиԬϹϵ׽ϱ̲סЦԬɩ˵ֱ߯ˣզô˵үɩӣ˵ܼͶټױɴû˵ǼҸ˶Ƹ񡭡
Ԭſ³ƤһЦ԰ܹѸ˵˵£ҸܼҶƸ񰡣
ܹѸһʱǳɫ죬ԬеĹӣһڣͷʶ̵Ķޣ
һ仰ڳ˶˽ȥʣ¼ֵһˣܹѸզ˵أ˭ͷʶ̰
Ƕһ仰˵һָɣ
òû˼Ƹɣ
ȢϱƸɲ𡭡
˼үɱֵͨǮˣ
˵ǰ
˶һۣôЦ
ܹѸ׽ָͷڷָ˶˰죬ǡǡԺңҶԺҪٵģ
˵գһڣתˡ
ˣ
СϱܹѸԶıӰӣǲǰˣһԺզ죿
ԬЦһ˿ĭ˵˶ϣ뵱ٶ
˿
ԬһЦǲǺ֪ܿˡ

˰Ϣ͵ʮķݺСԺ
ºֵĿǣֵǣ
СкƵڴܸӺݣ۾ȴ񣬡ֻҪ߹Ϳˣ˭Ҫ
ЦЦϵĺɰȡݹȥллҼҹţЩǻر
ǲҪСкһЦǰǵĻûأôܻҪġ˵꣬͵ĵɴ۾ס죬Ȼ˹һҡͷ㣬ǵˡ
þܡ
ûܳûײˡ
ԡԲ𡭡СкͷǸԵСŮȴקק磬ս㡭
СкȻ̧ͷײһ˫ЦŵС
һһﵽһԣľȴȻһЦͩôˣ
ǡǡ̧ͩƺ׷İ£תתͻȻùչðɣǳһúТ˳
˵Т˳ʲʣ벻ĴʣֱץͷСŮԱ߿۸磬ͷ㣬ǳһúź㣡
ͩŷӦǣǰɣ
ľһЦֽôôͳˣүүĲߣʲôȥ˵ͷ䡣
ͩһĨĨ۽ǣ÷˳ĸľȽԺӡ
˴ݣľȻݻ˼ѣ³û˵ˣ˶ûҪǵ֣ŵŶġ
ľЦЦǺм۶ϧûüͥ
Ҫ𣿡
үүأȥⷿƥ޲ˣ޻Ҳ׼һЩһȥºù
Цģȥš
һǰһҳƳкСĺȲԸ㣬ȴɵţʲôû
һľȣæչ
ս㡭
ľȳЦЦʾ£½˵ˣܾҪŮˣ
ͩͷҶˣʮ£ʲô¶ܼޣ˵ƸûҲ̧ܼһЩȥȻ̧ӦӦܷ˴С˼յĽ֣˲ٽͷ棬вƥ֮ġ
¾ȵĿͩ
ľЦ˵꣬˵꣬û˵ͩͷ˵С޵ǰչлԼŹ֪һЩϢȥ߹
Һ𣿸һٱԾУҪǲУóԡ
ԡСŮͻȻ
ľʧЦͩ
ͩһͷľȣתתͨһȥСŮ״ҲŹȥȿ˸ͷľҲ˿ˣǼʲô£
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ͩͷҧ֪ɻҶϵã
ľһЦͷãҲĳ˭ʱ䣬Լȥ𡣡
ͩ۾һӦľ⻰͸¶˼ϲٴιڵϣͷлľͩ
лľ޼СŮѧŸӣҲͷ
ľ̾һ˷𣬷ԸƳ񣬡ʰһ䷿Ӹסȥֳɵ¸ǻϣɡ
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ľһ£εЦⲻǿͷµ²
µ˫۾͵һǲ׬ӣ
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ı˺ܶ˵ˣȻклֵҵǣ˶š
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ôĸԸȢܼС㣿°˾䣬ҲûľȻش𣬾ͽôܼҵǮƹԼӻأ
ľ۵һѪ
üͩ˵ˣܼҶףӾѰĺܣԼȥ׬ǮԼԺȶ˲ϣ˵ˣۿžҪˣǹǽˣܼС㣬֪˾ˣô
ľȶ豭űгĲҶһڣЦܼǴˣԲоٵġ
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ЦáǰӦÿǵģֶˣԺȻҲҪһЩźסˡҿҸĽɣһĵסŷϵĴʹҲǰɡڶסҸǸסĽҲҪʲôַ˰ɣĳС԰ƽʱûµʱ򣬹ԺҲܶɢĵĵطΣ
ã½˼пԺľ͸ˣʱ½һ˶ܰס
һ㶣⡭
ҵģðȥѰɡ½⼸׼һԺӰʲôԺӴ˿õҲˡ
µͷģı²֮¡
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˵껰ȴû˳ȥڳĬ˰˾䣬ӣΪʲô÷
ľҲĬһſڣҲĴ
ӣ㹻ǧٴˡ

ľԽӣʮĸ飬һһεľһһֽĶô÷֡
Ǹ£֮ʣһѪе
ľһЦţɱӪûпõҪҪɵĿģ
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242 

ԺвֳɱӪЩ꣬ЩʱΪ˻ͬⶼѪ̵ӣЩĸǰµһ仰һֻΪȥӣЩƴֻΪѧǿɱֶκóɱӪΪҡ޹˱ӡ
ıǼһᣬۿ΢ɬͷ
ľ΢ЦԽԼ֮ǰβ£
ͷһ۹£ӣ¡
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ʢĵǱأ
ľüͷ΢ָû档
䵭͹δȥԻʺ׽Ծһ´ʾ䣬мӡ
мӡ
ľƷʣһЦˣûˣȥæɡ
ӦתȥľֻסŽͩͷܲҲһЩĹ򡣡
ǡ

˹һձһպ䣬˲ææµµĶðƷƱͩ
ﲻ˵ҪĹһЩɫװͶ֪һӣϿʽӱ۸ʵݡ
ĻΪ˳ӿûС
Ƹں棬һһѶͩǰ˳ӭϸսһҼڡ
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ϱŹɺСӣ߽ЦЦƹ
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ͩ߳ԶƼû˸ͷƼߵæת˳Ҿү̫̫
ЦͷϽܣȽߵǸͩиýлľޡ
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ٽȥȡЦסȻϣһʱ̵ĹǸհ¼ңûȥأȥתתŸǻȥ
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լӻæģĽĴլӣڶǣһСԺ䶫᷿йоء
ľðԼȥСԺԸ˰ĽĺַȫˣǽͷӸߣ˸˴һЩҩݡ
ˣһˣһԷޣӣѾ˺ӣŮʮС߰꣬Ѿźˡ
ľȽ˽ŰţȥһˣͬһԷޣӣеȥشţŮضţְءӣѾжȥСϱŵСŮ˰̡
˶˵ŴƷסһ᷿ƴޡƳסݴͨ˸ãʱ˿ͷ
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±㽫÷ڳ󷨣ڵʯӶһܲԺӵľ
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æء
ұöʮһһԽԽɰˡľԶͷ˲СһŶգ۾һֱľȵĶͷƣ﷢Ľ
ЦճǻŽһһͰ͵һţµʱͳˡ
㣬Һ㰡޽أͩ˹ȥסľȵͷʵ
ľЦ޽ӻûãܴ磬ء
ٽҲЦǰ㡣
ľȿٽϵİ̺ۣȻһۿ֮ǰǵȥܶˣЦŵǰոһҩ࣬ЧõҪã˸ͻȥġ
һЦŴ֣Ժ˵ɣ̫ˡǹյģܴ̫á
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ľȵԺӣƼһСԴӺ̽һˣС¶ϲЦݣ첲к㣡塢Ľ㣬㡭
˸ܳһЩŮקס˵Щʲô޽ûܡ
ͩЦеҲŸ첲߽б߳˹ȥ޽
޽ҲŽ㣡
۽űһһȺ˶Ц
˵˸ǰǰ޽СŮƿӣƵһ뱻˴֣ƳЦ߳ˡү̫̫λ
Ƴȥ׼һЩȲ裬ĸ
˽ݣľЦŷԸƳƳЦӦˣȥ˳
ڣϽһİøڼҴģ֪л裬û̫ģԿϲ޽Ҳٽģѧ£޽ϲϲ
ллллĽ㡣޽ЦеĵлЦ۾һ졣
ľЦŽӹѣѹˣˡ
⺢ӣʲôһ䣬ѺӸҰɣ㱧ôԶЪȥѣвʵģͰˡ
ٽͩҲһȥԡ
ľȲ̷Ǻ⣬ЦŻݣһɫŴбСɫȼףͬɫȹ
һϾЦŵãʣһû㣬¸Сˡ
ľǹϸţµĴҲЦԽĺˡ
һûãһˣҲľȣʱǻլȥկǱߡǺľȽӵķģǵûзּңү̫̫ݲľȻȥꡣ
ľȳĬһЦŵȥ鷳ˡ
ϵȦһ죬۵ľȵͷҪǷּҾͺˣʲô룬͸һȥ
ľЦЦû˵
ϵһۣЦã̾һɫΡ
ľȳʹ˸ɫЦŵҲ׼һЩ
֪̫̫ĵУ͵Ķ֦ڣ̫̫۷ķ鷳ԣľö˲۵Ĳϡ
ȥƽ
ƴӵĺƤһһȹϱů͸ԡľȵݸһȹһѼɫ멵ݸ󣬡壬ƤɵĴ멣㶬ճŰϱ׼ˡ
ٽͩƤƴӵģᱡůҲãҪĲ϶ͨע⡣Ǹմһ𣿾˵Ѹ׼ġ⣬ﻹƥϺõĶӣûȥ̫̫Ǽ˺öӦòЩôʵˡ
˵⣬ľЦЦ
εڨЦһɷľ̬ҲЦˡ
ɷÿ͸¶Ļ֪ľ׬ЩǮģЩ˵Ǹյʱû飬ʹˡ
ߣ§§ļ򣬡úӣ㡣
ľЦŵͷʱȥ塢ꡣ
ҲЦ
Ÿǻʮկľ˳㽫ս׼Ҳȥ
߳ԶľȲתԺӡ

¶ʮС󣬽ϵ˽ԽԽ٣ʮķſʼЪҵҲ˹֮Ӫҵӡ
޽ӹܾܺľҲûйֵ飬ڷ˻ÿ֣һ¶ʮˡ
կˡ
վſڣòǰţŷգ̴˽˶ţŵĸˣٽľȵԺӡ
Ƚ
歱㣬ôˣľЩȻ
ȴۣȽԲ𡣡
˵ţҪ£ľۼֿһס歱㣬ʲô


243 һ괺

歵ִ־ȴˣӲľȵȥȽңͷҸÿģҶԲ㣬Բӣͷұģ
ľ̾歱㣬Щ޹أοˣ
ǰǹΪˡЦųʹ˸ɫ˹ȥ歷
һʱЩľȽ͵Ƚҡû˼
֪ľȰ歵֣۰£ЦŵҵĴ˵˻ϣȥǺȡ
ƶһۣ˳ȥֻʣˡ
歱ľȰϣûг
ȰȲ˰žһ·կĺ˪ڻһЩһЩȡ
Ҫˣ歱ôˣ
һֱڣģľ̾Ϣһڴڵİ
Ƚǡǲǻزȥˣ歱űӵָЩף˵Щʱû̧ͷľȣƺĻ
ľһ歱ԺҪһ𣿡
˵ţмְˣҲԣع⣬Ժ󻹲֪ɱ׷ɱ
死Ȼ̧ͷɱ֣ǰЩɱǲҲΪ֪šѵСãһȥ
˵գҪߡ
ľһסǣǻ黹ûչһأô
ҲȻΪ
ľε̾ΪʲôΪǨŭ㣬ԺҲˣ
ϣĿ
ľǳǳһЦһôףǨŭˡ
д뵽պϣһƬͨ죬ģү̷СõĹ򣬿СԻ֪
ľûп˵ֵ꣬Щˮ½˽ǣ歱Ⱥ
̾׹ľȲἰ⣬˳Ļ˲˰뱭ԥŲŽ˵ˣү̵޽ϡǻؼҹꡣǰΪһЩ£ŵڡ
ۼҪ꣬ⲻԶ
ǰգܷҲȥ
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ﶼȥ
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ľɫһᣬЦ߹ȥľľ޽
һΪ֣ƽմҶľΪľľ
㣡޽ͷЦüۣ㿴ľľ㻭
ľһЦ
ľ޽ͷЦùľȹӣôСȹӣƶ˳һɴĺƯ
ľоϲľľ
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·ӿռľ˿ѻ𣬿Ͼůʹգǽôʱնĥˡ
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ü
˱ۣ޽§ĸЩ
¶ʮţܷߵһˣľȼֻ֣תء
ȥܷ˵ˣܷЦ̫үҾ˵ɣ⺢ӲʸȨˣ˰ɣ
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ܷһۣбӣʲôµﶼɱˣ
̫үڨڨһЦ˻֪𣿶ˣ֪λϴתСһЩôУ˵ǵ֦ﵽײˣüǼĸңԼӣʲôԴ϶Լб
̧ܷû˵ĻˣϷ޵ģһ֪ǵ㻨ӣ֪ڽҸǰһʲô˵ģ
ˣĸף֪߷ˣ̫үҾףˣѾʮˣΪԼҲΪһ£ЩжѣֳܰæкƧ֪Ҳá
ô˵ܷ˵ɫ˶٣Բվ̫үү˵ʲôȻҪкȻõطƧȥģ
̫үһϲˣӦˣ
Ӧˡܷ˰ЦʵʱһдֳֻǱ߻ûţûóȻү˵
ˣ̫үһ󼤶סܷ˵ģ˵ͷ٣ҺˡˣĳȢţҵĸ
ܷЦҡͷҷޣα˵Ļ
̫үͷǣ˵˵

ʮˣţƣޣƳƷ٣ĸ³һӵҹһȺΧһֵĳҹ
밲ĸְѹǮ˲ɢȥ
ľȱŲ˯޽ʱģļҴĸ̨ϸտʼ̻
Զֵı
ľȹ˴޽˯˿ϣ޽ۣ۽㣬ŤŤӣ˸ƣĸ첲˯˹ȥ
ľЦЦӸϣŴ˷ı֪ʲôʱҲ˯ˡ
Զھҡ
űӳİ죬еĺɰ˫΢΢ʪ󣬡Ҳ֪ǺôꣿȥĶ͵ûС
һƤ߹ļͷϣһ͵ġС㣬캮ɲٴˣպãҽҪСģϧԸӣ֪ˣҪ۵ġ
²һۣü΢΢˶ӯһĨǳǳЦһ٣ЦԼ֪ԼС㳤ĺÿڲҲһɱʣΪԼѾء
û뵽ٿСЦݣ̲ס̾
ǰѹҡԹĻȴ͸Ů졣
ЦŶȲСȺȣҽĵĲ裬˵Ѫġ
һ仰û˵꣬ˣԳǿǺôĵӣϻ۸ҡ
һۣЦˡ
СģǰǸһССǱʲô¶ûУء˴֣Ҹ·СԺӣԶԶƼѾߺȥˣȥˡ
ϵЦ⻺ɢҼǵү㣿
ͷˣ¹꣬˵ȥĸ꣬ϵ˵
̾һ꣬Ҳʮˣ˵˼ˡ
һۣգգۣ˶һִۣͷ
籵ĸ׳Ժ뿪ֵ˳ǰָϢѼ·еͷˡ
¿һۣЦЦֻ֪ǡǺӵǳʮ꣬Ȼ˷ˣˣȫ顣
һ䣬˼δ顣
ͷ
üɹȥͷ
ЦЦ£磬̧ͷˮգǱ췢ĺ⣬˱ۣʲôʱĸŮһ꣬Զٷ
޲ʱɵŮǰСʱһ§§
Ĺ

һľȥԱߵլӸܷ̫ү˸꣬ȥļһˣ緹ǰ˼ҡ
壬żθŮˣСʮ˼С
һʱľ˵ʮһʮ忴ƣŮ˲ŲĻȥ
ûգʮ塣
ľȴһԺӵδھͳ޽˺Ƥް޿㣬ðæ˶ɰñԲģķ˵룬һϽֿơ
˭֪ķˣͬеĻ巿ԬϷӡ
һԺӾ̧Ÿ첲ʹĻ裬ȽˣѾͷƬӿǮˣסôԺӣȥҾ͸ܹѸ˵˵NɪȢܾ˼ҵֹŮ
ľȣ
޽
һǸ⣬̫̫æ˵˼䣬̫̫ɿڡ
Ԭһظ̫̫ڿɲҵĶ֣Ҫ˵ɩŲζܹ˼˼ǵģ˾ͻ⼸ʮ꣬ôù˼ģʹ˲Ųһ⣬˵ǲ
ٺЦֿľŵɫ񣬡Ƚ⶷ܸܲҲŪһҪģ͸ľͳɣô򷢣ģ
ԬһĹȥ˵Ƚ˵𣿡
ƺ۵죬һԶ˶㣬ִͲ˵֪ҪԼģң
ԬһƹȥóѣľתȦ
ϵ֮ɫŨ
һ壬ȽǸӣԼ޽Ѿܲˣ㵱Ĳ˵ֶŮͰ͵磡㻹ҪҪ
ԬϷ˸۶ȥ壬ܵܵްҲжŶһ´ʮ꣬޻øƺģƵġ


244 ʮ

ԬϵĻͷҲ䣬ľٺһЦЩ̧ȥˣ壬㡭
Ѿ֪ʲôˣ˼ҲҪ˼ҾͲҪˣ㻹ô
ı˱ۡ
ľЦЦ˿巿ӵЦ壬ûкǴģҪȥȽȱȲ裬һϽ֡
Ԭһ¶Цݡ
ЦֶŮǴߣϽݣҴ٣ҪˣҪ˵һ㱻۸Ҷһ˵ģ̫ˡ
˵ߡ
ԬҲһ֣ȽЦеĵȽĲҪ̫ģů;йҲҪ̫ÿ̫ÿĴȥ׼̫̫Ůǣ㼸õܵ㿴ŸŪֻҪůɶĶɣ˼Ҳ
ľȱ⻰˵Ҳˡ
ģ׼ůֲۡ
ϣԬֺǺǵҲˡ
Ŵչȥ
½㣬ȥһ˳µ꣬Ǽһһů۾ͺá
µͷ̫̫һģǸʵġ
ľЦЦԬϴˣе㶾˭Ӷ˵̰İɣ˭ԼҪʲôܵõʲôԼԼӣ̫̫ûޡ
뿪߹һǸ⣬Ƚ鷳ˡ
ô˵¶ѣ˼Ǯ˵ȻҲȷʵǡľЦȥŪĸһСʮСһﰡĽţľȵָͷҧ
ô˵ϵ԰
СʮżղСһǲˣľȵ
ЦôĺǴܸӵʱ򣬻Խĳ
˵ЦݣϽںСӽ⿪Сһƺõ˽һ㣬Ÿ첲űסС첲
޽ŵİѽһ㣬סˣ
ͷȥƣͼСһק޽Լһһſˮ޽Ц
㣬ҧңá
޽СǺˣ۾Ǽɫʣܵܣܵܡ
ͩЦ߹ȥǿյڼҲϰҧҺĽָͷô˵
˵ſգȴһ˿յһ˿ûУҫһɵ⡣
Цҡͷ볤ˣǵָͷĥء
޽ȵĵɴ۾ˮСܵܣ档
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һЩͩϲʲôջȥʱӴһЩ
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˵꣬ɫÿϷ죬壬ɩǷģұ֤ȥ̫̫ҵĲ磡˵һҶ£
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巿һѷĳȥһץ˺üһһ˵óԣ¡СҭסˣԬϼĵ죬ľæ˶ˮ
һţѵõһ˿ա
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ЦеԼۣҪݻһסק˳ȥȥ
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Ҫǰ˵ʱ򣬾ԬϽ˵˾䣬֪ôãǰ͸öǶ˵ЩûģԺ̫̫ү۸ʱһţ
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׬ӣ˵һլӣѾź
ƾʲô
ƾʲô
ǲԼףеһнԼģ
һȻȴˣƲľȣҲܾίߣܾ˿ɳ֮³
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ľȴżŮӽȥڲ࣬ҲҪţƷ˻ʣµˡ
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һɾһֻ鿿һյ£һְֻţ޳ָָڿϵĻ˿̣ϾĿżˣȥһͣȥһЦȴһò
ľüүþò
ɽһѳϵߣһĽﶪȥһϤĲҽУɽ


245 ɽ

ľȻ
Ƭ̺ץǧڵ߳ߵǰָһɫĺۼŭɽ˲û꣡
ƶһۣʱͺˣֲòѼָŲԶһӵµĵȻպдİɣ
ͩһ㶣ǵվϲҸ˵ġۣĽġ
пġ
ƻżŮһ·ŵ߹ȥɨľɽ߹ȥһקү㡣
ţ֡ţѲԱ̱ӣôԼקˣһ޿
˭˭˰
ľЦĿͶʧ˳УתͷʼٸߣôпˮʮأҪ𣿡
ͷڣֵõҳųӡɽʼ磬ߵľߣľͷһյ˵ƣŻµŵһգʩһʫʾ䡣
ӳŴĿľȣ֪ʲô
ľһ㶣ɽѾбϰĿƣνˣˮһ
ľȣ
ԶΪ˵Ϸҵģ
ɽü΢δ顣
㸸ͬǵĻˣľѧü
ɽһͷǵ˼ֱ˾֮·˽֪Ҳʢĵһ߸ñѹǹ˼øһ³
˵⣬ɫһЩǸĿľȡ
ľȵûϣµа׷ڣ򱱺ڡ
ɽɫֻ̧˻ӣõɫ⾰ȥЩĵġҽӵȥϢһ˵ֻһµĳϢаģ
ľЦбһۣĿǰǸ˵ϣɽ˳߿ȥЦŽ˵ȡݸ
ľֽӹл˻Σȵ˫Ц⣬Խˡ
Ҳŷ֣˶߷ơ
ɽȵ
ľȺߺһ
ƶļҸģźõģյǺȥĻơ
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ɽ
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ֳ˼£ܡҳ׶ĺԸװʢĵƵ˷˼ϡɽ࣬ѹľ˵š
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庮ֽǱķ·û¶һ㣬ԼԼо䡣
ľûѣĵȶѾͨƤմȾָϣƬֱ̣Ҳȶȡ
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üۻҲѹɽڿĶ£ȡһƬ̵ů
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ҳ׾ѣٲм湦
ܹȻҲĹŮ̫Ҳ˽̸
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һʱ䣬ڱ滹ڰ£һƬӿ֮״
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ľһЦⲻǵ⣿
ɽ̾һǵ⣬з硭ڵǳ˷ŵһûȥûֻҪһ֣һص
ľü˵ҲмֵʢĵǱ߻𣿡
ĶȥһЩмջˡ͹ûȥˡ
ľȵ˵ͷأûʲôˣǱʲô˹ȥ
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ľȺϾĿ𣿡
ӾĲ죬Ҫһ𣿡ɽ
ľûķһۣΪܡҵĳʵʼʢĵѾ
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аڣǲµġɽ˵ţŲδͣСĻľȣһͳ˳
ľյģߵ˳Ŵ
ŵЦŴкӡ
ɽɿľȵ֣߹ȥС˵˼ʲôΪѵĿľһۣɽӻͳһɰȥ̾Цˣүˬ죬СҲܲ£ȥɣҪ̫ʱ䣬ñ˷֣СĲý
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ľȿǰоȣ˿ο˵˸֣á
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ľȴŹɽȥ˶ͷˮɽȴҪȾƣ˵лҪ˵ľΣֻڰºڵĲٺڵĿ±֤һͻأһͻأ˭֪˺źž͸ˣȻ󡭡
۵Ĺֱľüͷ̧ס⣬ͻȻһ⣬һը
ľ͵
Ŀվڴߡ
½㣬硭
ˣѾʱˡ
ľʹѵԴܣԴͻȻ˵һԺл

ľȿŰڨЦ½㣬ʲôûзǣǺȶˣ˯һ
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ллĸлл½㡣ľæһЦӹѾ˹˵ĺȥ
Żһһܣ˻ͷӴæްϣˮҪҪݸ裬һЩ
ľҡҡͷˮͺáˣأ
緹ƷƳŹԺءµľȴѣֺ˵˾䣬˻˵ؾˣߵļ𡭡
ľȸһ٣һ


246 һ׮

ԥƬ̣ˡ¶졣ԺգȴЩӣδףŮҪעһЩ
ľһ㶣ڨЦ͵½㣬ˣҸʲôûзֻľƶˣϣڴ˯һޣ˶ѡ
գգۣһұ㲻Ҫҡ顣
ľЦŰסļ򣬡ģ黹档½㣬Ҷˣ緹ʲô
תƻ⣬ҲþգЦ̫̫һӰӣ㣬ϻһЩ࣬ȥ˵Ͱӣٸ伸Сˣɺã
úúãҸһȥ
Цų˷䣬˺Ժӣľ߸ճ극ԬϵĴɤѾԶԶԺӿ󣬵ñļһҪɣȽ׬ǮҪôĹŮͺˡɩ˵ɩǲӽˮˣôõĹŮҪͰ͵Ļһ۶СĸŶԣѾͷ˼ɶأҪȽһģǡ
ϺüͷԬһۣԬȴû̾һ
ԬҲ֪ͿװͿ
ڣ¿¿ӵľȵĮҲüһźʹ˸ɫǰʰˣľ˳ȥ
ľȣԬͱͱֺǵ飬鵹ûЦǺǵģȽ忴סԺӣ󡭡
ľЦЦϲԪڵʱƣס
úããԺϣҲȥˡ۾һæӦ¡
ԬϵһۣԲһȥ鼷һԣȽһסôԺӣҲûӦҸǷĲ£㿴˶æҸţҪҸϰ㣿ǾססСԺͦá
ϵɫʱͲˡ
ϽеĶһһ׼Ԭϴˮ̵ļƣã˵ʲôʲôģȽ޽ѾܲˣǷ޵硭
ɩ˭ˣȽǴ޽סɣôԺӣ˵ô죿ҸסΪ˳ɶ¶ʱиӦš
òţθϣȽʲô£ӦģסԬϵĻ
ԬƲƲ죬ɩʲôȽû˵أզɶ¶Ǿˡ
Ťͷݺݵɷһۡ
޹ǹ󣬡
ԬЦĴǰظȽղŶˣϻиŵǲǣ˻ˣҪǮİɣҪǮ㿴ţһҼڷԣŶҿ㻹ǻͯźģǿǾϸ㽻׼û
Ԭžһͨ⵹Ӷ˻ľȺ԰Щҩݽˮ
ľȿЦá
ȴһָԬϴŭԬ㰲ʲôģʲôһӶȽɻȽֻһڳԵľͺã⻰ȥȽôˣʮկЩЦ˻ðȽļǴˣȽģȽģ
Ԭ죬ƺʶԼ˵ˣ㬵Ұ죬⡭ⲻȽš
Ժһʱ
ľ룬Цŵͷ䣬Ȼݣ
ԬæһɿĽݡ
ҲٺЦţԼӽݡ
ϱؿۣݺݴֱСӣľȥ
Ƚ˵ʲôǧӦ֪һжжǲϣլǱ߿϶Ҳѧ
ľȳϰһЦģȷʵ¸˵ǰ뵽һ⣬ʺϴЩµĸǴæޣʱҲķһ뵽Ҫչʮܣ±㵢Ȼ˳ǣͷҲͦõģԱͳʲô߲Եĵطȫְһ¡
һ㶣⡭𣿡
УָУóסͳˡʮկµ𣿡ľüЦ
ϷӦľȽģҲЦˣѾͷ龫
ľͷӵϽݡ
æȥƳЦкӽᣬ˹ϹˮѰ˼ӳľ˫½յƣһȫʥƤӰС˶
θȻ˾̵Ķͩ޽ЦĿƣ巿ӳȥͱʥƤӰС˶ССӫĻԱʥն׹Ǿ
ݣľȷԼԣʹ˸ɫЦ۰ͰͿԬϵҪִ߽ĵޣܻ࣬ҪȽҪϹ˵á
Ԭ۾һĴ˵˵Ĳ
ľһ仰ʱҪһζ
ԬŲŲƨɣƲƲ죬ǲм˻ҪǽȺǶʲôˣ
ľɨԬϣЦŵǮȥɱ͸ֵЩ˵ĹǮɵɡ
Ԭգգۣȥ飬ʵǮأ
Ǯҳҵġ
оէ֣һ
ԬƼ飬˴ȣɣˣ
˵ֲ꣬ĵһ䣬жӣ
ľЦЦһĻֶܷʮһǧֶܷԴơ
Ԭϵɴ۵һԹԣô࡭
һǰᡣľȿƽⲻŲʵһۣЦⱾǴ㽻ģҪæһо͵öġ
ԬԬϵҸ˾ܳɡ
ľЦ
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ľȿԬϡ
Ԭϲ鲻Ըĸŵͷ
϶һ
ľЦŵͷһ£Ȼķ巿֣Ҳϣլ˲ͣκ˶С
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ľȵͷͽˡ
˵Ľ̸һ䣬±ż޴˳ݸˣľȻﱧŵһװС˵ĲޣѺͷƣľģϵСЬӶ¿ɰ
۾һ
ԬҲӦЦü۵СˣҲ޵ɵ˼ǿɰ
ľһЦҸ˵
ϵǰѴСϱġ
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һ΢΢üȽãܻģ¡
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Ԭظһͦģ
ԬϵģҲ̲סЦˡ
ú󣬾͵ʱרŲ壬ƥʱԼȥѡûɣ
һû⣡
ľЦŵǾȥͿԿʼѰˣһҪЩֽŸɾϽˣȻ⻹ûпܱ˽ˡ
˭ңԬһߡ
ЦЦȽĻǲѰطһСлƶɣؼȥ㿴ɺã
ǺãһʱģȥѰʵĵطˣ۴ﲻǻмķϵԺ𣿲ŪˡԬϿľȵ
ľȥ顣
һ㶣⡭үˣ˭˶򡭡

ľȴ룬۰£»⣬ͳһɰľȽɰƹȥȥ˵ľи㡭
Ҫǲأ鿴źɰڵӣ۾
ľһЦȥ֪شˣ֪ش˸㡣
̫үȻռıˣҪźá
һǿ޵İʾһǣĻ̫үķˡľһͻȻȻ̫үȻƲܷˡ
£ͷȥһˣܷ˵
Ԭϵɴۣզզ̫ү˳ˡ
ϳƬ̣ԬϵΪôЩ̰֮ĵЪ˼
Ԭϵľȡ
ľȵͷ
Ԭ¶Ŷһ
ľֶһЩ£ԬʱֻһŵĽֻǵˣʵɿˣסǵ죬ö̫Ҫ۹Ǯ
Ժͣľ׼һЩϡʳǴȥһ£ְһǻʮկԼ˳ȥܷˡ
ճԺӽֲãֵϱֽкһƬöסǳӵ·
Ʒǰȥ鿴Ƭ̺棬عܾ˼Ů·ϲǮϲ


247 д

ľŪСʮܵһ٣΢΢̧޲ľͩǰ˵ĻʮסƸܼ׼̧ȥ̧ӦӦġ
֪ˣ·ȥľȵ
⣬ƷӦһָ·¹µµת
ľȵͷƼںڴ鿴ԼСʮܣֹЦ⣬Сգϵʮܵ۾ԽԽ㣬ֺ
ͩԱߴչȥ㣬ңҵ۾Ҳġ
޽һŵͷһҡ
̲סЦš
գ۾
Ͷţֺġ
һƬЦ
СʮҲȭͷ໵ĽţˮǰΧ
˳ӣľһȥ̫үڸøµլӣȥܷˡ
ܷ˵֪⣬Ц£ҲֵͰһˣ˵һˡ
ľҲЦȻͷ⣬ʵռķ巿һӪ˼Ǻóĸɣֻǣǵׯ˼ңԼأһĸǾúʣǳĸϵޣĸ󷽡
ܷ˵û뵽ѾͷȻҪóɺֵһ׬˴Ǯģü·٣ܼһе·ľ˽ļļӪеġ
ôһ˵ܷ˵˼ԥ˺Ժ󵣵ξʹˣһҲŲסʱ򡭡
漴Ҳ뵽ľվŵ򱱺ԥƬ̣ͷӦĸȴ֮ˣҸʱ䣬ҼλԺҲݣӦö߶ǡ
ľЦŵͷ
˵ˣϿεŮӣ˻ľȾȥ㣡
ľһתͷ˸
ľЦںڵķЦá
ͷܰЦۣСץİ䣬ţôöùû˵ȥһ𿴻ƣ˭֪ҳȥˣ˺þöûҵ㡭
˵̻ǰ̻òãľЦ
۾һģ
ľȵͷġ
˷̧ܵͷܷˣܷ˴ЦϷļ٣ȥɡ
ллùã㣬ھ߰ɣҲþû޽ءҪľʱߡ
ָܷЦá
ľȼ״ûǣܷȴܣԸ׼ľȰԵķˣӲ˶緹Ž˷ˡ
ϲصʰԼ׼޽ľȻˡ
ܷ˵ЦŵСС㵹ǡ
ܷ˿ڲ裬Ҳ¶΢ЦǰҪȽ˵ҲȽԵ֣ǲܼüҵԵ֡
ЦŵͷСһиģ˵ԸҲԲˡ
ܷƳһۣЦαϣ̾һ˵֣Ҿϲ⺢ӡ
Ц˸ողǲ˵СǲܼüԵ֡
ܷҲЦɲ𡣶ˣüǱϢ𣿡
ϵЦʱһܷ˵ЦҲһ٣ô
һյõϢûü߷ˡЩԥ
ܷɫһ䣬˵
ǴˡǰϷѾͬλүˮ򣬴˲֪Ϸ˸ǰ˵ʲôϷת۾ͱ⣬˵˵˲źТҲȥַˣӶҪߣǲǾòܼҼҴҵ󣬿ԲعأТ˳Ҳҿ
أ
ܷ˽յһţɫдǰЩźʱô˵ģ˵Ѿд󷿶ڣҲòģĸүչźүǼ˵Լֱɶ񣡡
ˣɫһ䣬æסܷˣ̽ͷ濴һۣԼˣ԰ģתܷˡ
ֲǲ֪ϷõܵŮϷǰͺܿˣڶǻǴ˵ʲôʲôΪ֮ƣүۿڽôһѱ÷үʧͣǨŭȻܼҵݻүĹ·Դ͵㵽ص㡣
ܷ˵ɫȻһ䣬ȷʵΪϷ˵̬Ǩŭү˵Ǵ󷿵ġ
ããСκϣ
ܷظϸ۵߬ڸ߼ϣ֣ĥдŻ󷿼ȻҸҩҪеҩĺ
ǣˡֳһ뿪ͺá
ڸ۶ӵĴ󷿣ˣüҶǿŲܼҲ˽յĳɾͣǰһĲͽŷüңӲ˾䣬÷ү϶үǰ̣Ǵ󷿶󣬼ֱΣ
Ҳ룬ǿүλүķϰüңܼǿڷ˵ķ˳Ǵ󷿣÷˲ùǴ˺ã
һȺӡ
ܷ˷ܱʼ飬дֱӷɸ봫˲ܼңдһţԴǿ˵ʮԸȥźϷˣֻҪϷһ仰̶үüȥ
Ȼȹ̫үۣܷҲһ߽üҷһһʮ޾ϸ̫ү˵ˣ̫үŭ
ֻǷ޹ϵ˻ǰ;޿⡣
ܷ˵ŶһߣԶдŸףϵףĸԼô󷿣򣬲ܼҲ֪صҲиõĹλ
̫үĶܷ˲
ȼ޸ҪΪıǰ;ΪҲҪΪӣοһŮҪôԻٳǵ¡
үҵıӹãûֳôһ¶ɩǰţѽ˵ˣҾͷ밢ͨʼ¡үҲ֪Ƚȵģġ
̫үɫʱѿ֣̾һ˿ģϼʣүڽˮܵôүӵ㲥䣬ǵĸǸ׵ģˮġ
ܷ¶һĨЦ˾̫ˣֻǡ
̾һΪүˡ
̫үҡͷﻰǷͬ壬˱㣬ƫƫţ˵üҿ㣬Ϊ򡭡ĸΡ
ܷЦҡͷүȻ˵Ƿͬ壬ô˵ЩĻԻдŻȥүǶӵǰ;ҪһŲܵġ
̫үһжˣ򸴺󡣡
Ϣ˳ȥߵһ

ľȻȥʱϵѾɢȥ룬·滹ûɾĴ̵ֽĻɨɨŸԵǰĺֽϲǮϲ·ٽֵĲ̺Ȳ˵Ц̸۵ȻܼҵĻ
û뵽ܾ˼ҵŮ˺ã˵ǸҪ³ү
ֹ˵ʮ˴үܼССꡣ
˵һ滨ѹģȻǼʶһţ۲ݡ
ţһƨѹص۲ݡ
Χ˺ȻЦ
Ʋ죬ܼС˵Щ֣˻㲻ô˵ðɣ
ǰڵڨڨһЦҲûʲô⣬ⲻǻϻġ
˼Ҫæô˵Ƹû
˼ү˵¾ǾүܼĻϡôƸ񡭡
Ұζͦе
ķӣȥ̽ˣܼΪܼСһܼҸһӵլӣܼҺųȥС޵լӡܹѸĸӹͰȥ׼ˣլжܼСģ˵ܹѸܾҪһǧӣܾˡ
˵ӣͻȻЦˣļ̌ͷһۣһżܾĸǩһ飬СӣĸӲ붯ӣСС
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ܾĿĲҪ̫԰
ǻȥϢ˻˵ɫʱͺˣܹѸȴü˱ˣֱű׼һ¾С㻳Уܾܲܶ㣬ʱøϱӣܡѪĴӳ˵ЦЦ̲סЦ
ľ򴽣Ҳ˴ǡ
ܾ˴ḷֻ́Ϊ˱ԡǻܼͲ֪᲻ͷˡ
š
ľȿڻϳţӦʲôԸ
ľȵＸ䣬Ȼͷƿ޲ѹ˵ˣŵͷͻԺӣ¾ȥ¡
żǻЩʱա
գգۡ

۵˿һϲɫûС
ϲߣ۳һһôϵɹ٣ҪǿܼҸ࣬Űõʱˣ
˵ԼģԼѡģȢȢˣһֱŹײô£
ּܼ״ϲʹ˸ɫϲȻٶʱ˼һ˴£ֿ˵ĴѰһ˾䣬ӺȺƣ۵ͷ
ôʲôûŪҪȺˡ
̶ܼ˾ƹȥϲһϣͷûƿæȥһϵĳѹţһﶼأϽӵĸͷ˺Ⱥˡ
˱ۣùСĸͷ
ϲæһ䣬ͷ⵽ͷ
һƬ
СһϲͿ֬ɬߴӵĿһۺ󣬽ߵĴͷ
һ
þ
ϲʿˮæһƵݹȥˣæȥһС㡣
СˣӵĿ򴽣һ¾ƱԼˣϲһץסĸ첲һֻץסСģ˵ֻһ𣬲ӺȺƣͷ
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ͷǸϧ
˺˾ƣϲֱһС´Բļ黰ҪǮ˦˳ȥˣðˣ˵ĸģˡ
һ˵黰һ߰ɹ˸
Ȣȥˣ
ˣ˳ֻܼҵޣޣĵĶ
Ȼ֪ϲ졣
ֻǾ߹Լˣһ̶ܼСһ𣬸οҪӣ
һα˱ۣϲսȭͷȰԼµǣһСһǧļױӣһƿоٺԼüܼвĺӣۣӵܼС¶һº͵Цݡ
Сϲã۾ģ
һֻ첲ϵļƤˣܼҽۿһͻſڻӡ
ɫһɡ
ڵ˸źЦ
ϲĨ˰ѶͷĺЦˣ˺ˣɹٸóȥˣŮӡ
վߡ
Ҳ˵ЦߣܼҵŮͼܹѸϵõʮկĸЦ
һʱ䣬ڶ
ȵ죬ıܼ˲·Сæȥӣôүôƣ
˿ү˭ĺܣ˵ȢСãҪ˼ҺȾơ
Сüͷ˰˰֣˹˳ȥ
С㣬ѾūȥˡѾСæ
Сͷϴɺãգ๫
ǺЦţֻ̧ӿС֣


248 Ҫ

֣һˡˡ
С㱻֣ȴû˿ˣЦݣؿڣĻϲЦÿ
ѾСѾͼС㿴һЦС㣬Ѿˣιүˡ
С㿴ѾߵģһۣϽ˹
СЦŶ˹ȥ
СˣҪȥιȴһƴѾ˲һؿڣС㾪һӴվ
Сɫ䣬С㣡Сô
˵ֽĽ⿪СѣС˿ûˡ
£ȣֻһС㿴ĶǶʪ͸ˣ̾˿ȥһ룬źԡϴ
СӦˣ첽ȥſڷԸ˼䣬һ˱ԡͰڷĸ֮һСѾ߽ŲɿֶһѾ
ҪԼιСһۣСѾŵæŵһߣ˳ȥ
СϴСʺʪͷŷ֣Ȼ˯ˡ

СɫһС㣬ūȥѹү
»ҹɹ˯ĵǱ֪ˣСԺôȥˣ
СΪѵĿ˯ӣüͷ촽̰Ŀ˺üۣŵˣһҲۻˣú˯һɡ
С㣡СţǵĶҹ
Сɫһ죬ͷûϵġ֪Ķ֪ǵĹϵ
СĿԼС㡣
ǰǳϷܸҹ
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249 ĽС˼

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պŵľһϣƴԺţ˭Ҹ߿磡쿪ţĽ


250 ƽ

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§ŮοֽպĵͷǰͻȻȽȥ¥Ļ棬һֻôҲ䲻ȥˡ
պļԤڵİûе涵̧ͷϣȴһı鿴޵ĸˣôˣ㲻ҪĽĽ͵ˣǶҪˡ
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ʦڰ֣Цˣû߶Զھǰһ·ڹ䴦СﾯԺܸߣͲӰûϸƣҲ
һ˶һۣ˷·ڿǸСӰԭĽ
Ҳʦȭл´磡
ʦЦŰ֣ǻûԷɣ㷹ͷɫˣסһɡ
ľ˾˵ͷʦͷʾ⣬ת˷䡣
ˣˣôˣ޿ɺͳľ˾ǳպģպĿ޵ҵĶһ٣˸ãͣס˿ơ
ľ˾˽ʵʲô˲֪ؼȥڽϻʲô
պᣬίĿϡ
ľ˾һӣ˵
ˣ޽ˣˡ͵͵ǣ˭֪һҲûţ·ˡպĳҭߣίС
Ļ֪ΪΣľ˾һ䶼ţرǿպ͵͵СĪ񣬡պģٸһλᣬ˵Ǹʲôģ
պĿͰ͵Ŀϣǣ͵͵ǣһ˵ӣлǳԲһϲԲˡ
Ϻۿ̧ͷľ˾ˣĵܡ
ϹҲţľ˾ü
Ҳɱľȵ𣡡
˻һڶʱһ
ľ˾ޱĿϣԲȴľ˾̧ȥ˷Ƕߣ
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ﶼݲĸŮߣߵԶԶģҲǵۣ
˵ʲôű۵Ľ߬߬ȭͷ

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ףһ÷ݵĻƸһˣж٣ȱɽءľս֣Цŵǰ͸˵м۸ƫϾռұˡſʮķݶǴ⣬ҲҪ˼ҵģʱҪҵɫ͵ңҪȥ˼ҵɫˣòã
սսϵԥ֮ɫһ䶺ˡ
սˬĻ֣ɣȻȽķҪȻȽ۸չ壬Ȼ´Ͳˡ
ľǣ֤۸񹫵ͯۡ
սҷ򸾣ľȸջصԺͼʮķݵĶƹ˹ݳˡ
ľһʲôˣ
˳Ƿݵķ˶°ĭۿҪˣһſˡ
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ľɫһ䣬Ӻɰһ˹ȥ
ҵ׳ֱϣ׳ʹɿ֣أŲӴ˼̧ͷľȣæֲ
ǼѾľȣ˴ӵָľȴ󺰣ʶʮķݵСңļүϻ￪ķݣ
ץסﱨ𣡡
ˡ
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ľбһۣ壬ѵڵĻȫгˣж٣һߣ
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СʮķݵĶңҲǿɣ˲Ľе
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С˵ĻģǷݵ㶼޾͵ģÿնʵģһ㶼Ҫġ
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ϣ˼湻ġ
ղŻͬĿ⿴ǵΧȺһѷ䵹ľȣ޹Ҳ˶ɵۣڵϵϸͻȻһ£ǰͺ̵ӿĭ
ղſ޽ʮķҪ˵ĸһУﰡĺòҰǱʮķݺûС˵ǻˡǼԼҳӵ𣿰ҵﰡ
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𳳣ﻹûٳȥûˡľȡӣڵϣгһġϸĳѨλȥ


251 

ɱʮķݵĶɱ
һļУһͻȻľɫδָǷֺδ
һȥƬ̣ϸ˾εӻͣסеİĭҲӿ
ľȲеĸˣĿתˣȴǸס׳༸˵Ŀⶼ˸ĸ˸һֵľȡ
ľȳ˹һЦģͨҩҪ
˵۾͵ĵɴ
ܣǴҩĶˡ˲ŵҡͷ϶жΣ
˵գŤͷΧ۵˴󺰣ʮķݵĶҶƤ
ˣ㺰ʲôǷµĶǷϣҪ˼ҵݺǣ͵ų̫үİӣץȥɣǰһǳ
Ӵ˵ǶҸ̫үķ˹ϵܣҲ֪̫үƫǣ˵׼Ҳ᲻֮
λֵ˵еԹŹ̹ᣬ̫̫Ҫԩඡ
ûԶһ˸ŸͣԭȼᶨʮķǱݺĳԹȺҲʼ¶֮ɫľȡ
ľɨһȦںˣţЩڮ̫ү̫ү˵ȫץһ̫ү
Ǽ˻ȻɫŤͷܣϧ˼ˣ˰ˣǿֵˣǲ߳ͱšƷ˾춪Ȧ
Ǹʲôǲ˵˼乫ƾʲôץˣ
һﶼˣʮķݵĶˣҪ˽蹫á
ǿ϶ᱻеġ
ЦνĹǵ֪ش֪ʮķ˹̹᣿֪ش˽УǱ˵׸ǶǸգ
ûӣ˵ľǹ
˵ɫ˱䣬뼸˽һɫȻѼӲ
ĲС
ɫѿ
ľЦЦ˵ûӵˣ֪û֤ﳯ͢Ǵӳη֮û磿
һ㶣ƭˣֻ˵˼乫
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ȥ󣬡壬Ҹ峵˼ȥáѷݷ˿š
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һȺƽʮķǰźţصʵʵġ
ڳλҲһȥΪʮķ֤ʮķݿҵЩӣδŪˣδ̻ĳЩֻΪۺ췹𣬾ݺʮķݣ¾ܹϢʹһ
ľȳ˸һЩͽʮķݳԷȺ̾ȥһȥһף
չģǶŵùʮķݣ
ԶԣǲᱻСƭ˵ġ
ߣǺúõʮķݿɲܱ˸ˡ
һһչ׳С۸ˡ
ϸ˵ĶӶϱȻᣬ˭۸˭
˵㿴ңҿ㣬ߵˣǲˣ뵽ľ˵Щ˶ӡ

֮ϣ̫ү˼˵Ĺʣ˾ľд鿴̫̫еĶ
ϸ֢״ˣ̫̫еҩĶԱѹƣʱûΣգֻҪ˽ҩúõһЩӣͻȬֻǡ
ֻʲô
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Ŀƣҿ
˿һ϶ǰӾͲãСʱԷȽ㣬㷹ﳣԼķԣһûһ٣ɲ˲𣿡
׳һȥ
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ɨһۣٴι֣شˣ̫̫ĺ֢֮볦θǽЩŵõġ
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׳ݺݵĵɹȥ
ƲͷﺢӶ࣬ӣӶϱȰҲûá϶⡢ⲻִܹ粻ǡ
ĵĿһۡ
ڨڨˡ
׳߬ȭͷÿ¶ӣ˵ӣٶҲԲϷ磬ЩǮȥˣ
ܡȥԴҪǮׯɶҲҪǮ㬵Ŀ׳϶绹˽ǮɣѴʲôˣ
̫үʾ⣬һɿ𣬡̫̫Ǻ֢֮Ƕ˲ŵõġһġ
׳۾һɣæȥ̫̫ްֹȻܵŭ̧ͷˣ磡
Ҹʲôֲް㲻ϱ𣿲¡˱ôŲţֻĶˡ
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ޣ϶⺩׳ӵӣø̫̫
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ϣ㲻˵û⣬ɲһԷֻһжģ
ҿè塭
˾Ųʮ

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ǣǣϲ࣬Ҫһõ࣬С
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̫үȤŶһľһۡ
ŴţүϺڵϿ˸ͷˣϺʮ꣬ûֹж£λɩӺȵϺհĵһƹľ˰Ϻ࿴ûκ˶Ϻԩ˻һף
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˶ͷðһ亹ءشˣҲ֪ô¡ʮķеĶ
ˣ϶ʮķݵ;µĶһԹŵĸæ
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̫үľ֮һƬ䡭
ŵĴ˸ãٲҿޡ
ʦү۹⣬̫ү˵ˣͷˡ
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˵գŤͷˣһͨɥ㣬㺦̫̫
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Լţµ
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׳໵һ˵һͨϣǵǵﰡզµȥ֣ΪһӣͰˣҴ㣬㣡
ﲻܲˣһȭͷһͨϣֻһȭͰһͨһѪ
һͨϱ״˹ȥɶſˣſ
ﲦһߣԼѪ߰ߣۿҪˣܲ˵ĺﱾͻ˼ˣЩɶԡ
һأڶʱһ
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ȭͷڰգҪ˵Ŀһͨϱ㡢㡭
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ϱһ㶣ĨếޣǴɩ˵̫̫ԼˣպţݺʮķݶˣǼҵ⣬˵ºָǶʮӡҩǴɩµģɶû
һİ
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ľȻ̫үһͨţϣҩţʮķݣǷ޿֪
̱ڵأţϰĸɸһ󡢴ˣšû𣿡
ûǲó˵ɣͨ¶̫̫ʮķݵ˭
ǡǡҵܼҡ˵˵³֮ٸ񡭡һӡһͨſڵϣʹ飬ˣһʱͿģˡ˲һΰɣٲˣٲˡ


252 Ӧ

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˶һۣɫ䣬ȿֺĿͷˣСǮ˰£Щҵܼҽ̵ģСǵı⣬飡
ңҡ̫үľȣľ΢΢ͷ̫үһľľˣǿ˵ܼҸ˴
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ָˣͷǣūȥ

ܼҵãܻĳʮķݵ£ڲκˣֻ˵ԼҴӶүıգʮķݣү
⻰м棬ﶼ
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̧첲ʾ˵λ׸ϣллǶʮķݵΣǶ˵ˣһգʮķݳԩѩѡ
ԣ࿴һۣ˷ܵĹЦ

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ŵľȵķԸԶԶ׹ڼܶ붯֣
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ûͱԼڵ
ܼҵͯ복۵Ļš
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Щԥ֣վҪѰ徻ĵط˵ϼлСɣ¥ֵط˰ɡ
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ȥдˣҪԴǷֻܾܼңܼұóȻδûŵ
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ܾܿ˼


254 ȥ

254Ǩŭ
ܾ˽ӵţͯ˵ȥٿеݣ̧˸߼ϵһײߡ
ˣôµģҵôǵģ
ͯɥүСǶǰķԸµģǱҲ˵˵ģ˭֪Ÿô󣬹үҲ֪ľ˯˼ҵͷżˡ
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ŵĵͯ˫ץļͷƴţ˵ʲô˵ʲô˵һ飡ô᲻ңǧӣԺϾ˵˹٣ҪҶܻô᲻ҵأûԽûС
үͯεЩ³˳򣬰Խүģү˵ûôӣʵڰﲻæ
˵ǧӣԺҪûСɫȢŮӣҵԺģƾʲôң
֮ͯɫ
ܼ˭֪׮ôģүӶԺͲǹүˣǶԶһĺãһСı˵ɾ͵òʧˡ
ĸأŮŮûŵĹԺһͨϰգŮǴ帾ʲôǡ
ܼҲǿӢһܼʲôôʲôôǡǡ벻ףܼͳ֮Ů޸Ϊʲô᲻ǧӣ
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ľһ㶣͵վű˱סݵˡ


255 

255
ɽȻĿ۱˱סľӣüͷ΢΢˫۸΢С
үҲһ㶣ƺû뵽ľȻ˽Ŵˡ
ľȼɫһ䣬Ҳ֪ԼӦˣʵ̫ϲˣôүֻƾֻƬҵ塣
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ľ죬˵ö궼ûмˣʱֻϣûôˡ
歱źӽߵĽ·ӾӲҳģ歱󣬽ǱߵϢѣ֣ͨȥϣҲպģɢϲҵ㾡ȫԼ
뵽⣬̲סֺۿ塭
æףңи֮롣
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ĸѸߣǰЩзڴѰҽתү˵һ뻯붫ҳְĸκз磬Ը
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͵̧ͷû뵽ľôˬľʹӦĸβһ·õЩԸһΪãĻû˵ڣ¾ôˡ
е㲻ʵ
峢ǽˮˮݳĹ񣬱ȽϵǲǶһ˿֮ľЦȥ˲ݸ
ź֪ķӦⶫϲʲô趼֪
æ˫ֽˣһڻûüƷľЩź̾ϧûիĸ㡭
һеĲˮȥľȡ
ôôϲԽիĸ㶼֪
ЩӲǰǰ̧үүͻȻӦϲʲôʲôֻм֪үӦҲ֪Ŷ԰ɣ
λСǴ˵ģ
ľһЦеġ
ɽһۣľŬŬ죬Լ˳ȥ
ɽ
ʶλʱɽѰ˸ᣬĵ׵Ļ˳
ľȿһۣͷôʶģֲֻᡣ
ɽ
Σľȷ꣬ࡣ
ɽһûټ׷ȥ
תͷүүֵ֮ǰûϵĵؽ簡
ɽһεЦЦ
Ѿͷ֪ж
˵ʱǡ
ţһ죬Ը⽫Щĵ˵
үôš

֪ԼϵӽˣľҪɴóģֽżվѰһһԶСԺӣһֻһŵڶԺһСԺһС¥ǰǻ̽Ůǵ¥һҼסֱٺʲˡ
һǰ͵Ժɨϴźģˡ
ľ֪󣬺ǿһͨ
һƣԼҵ仰䶼úøɵģôС¶ûãԼϵ֪˻ô
˵ĲУԺӡӵı¿ˣֻҪ˵ô߹ȥɨһۣ֪ʲʡ
˵⼼ЩߣҲı²ǣ
ܱչȥ
ԴԼϵ˶ңӵӺ˲䶼ˣһӶϱͷ֪ʵڿơ
ľȶļүĲҵļҹ¶Ҳжţ⸱ģɺЦȥ壬ø㡣
һƨϣȥҵҪҵ͵ϣ
Ƴվ⣬̧ȴͻȻסү̲סЦȷ
ȷȷˣͷҪǲӸңҾ͡
ôű˴ƿү߽
̱ϣ޿Ŀľȡ
үĿŶӣ߹ȥӣڹǰװʲôϽ̫үҪڷ԰дܼˣȥŵ
ܼңľһǸܼң
үͷ˵ܼҴܼҴһͬǰӲС㣬еĻ̫үλү
ľһ
ܼҴȢǵʦĵŮĸµ
ĸһĸ׹ϵ׽ľĸˡ
̫үλү¾λˡ
ľЦЦүȥɣǵúúд
һ漴վûɵߣԺɽקŹɽԺӡ
߻ߵĳү˸
ү˲ף˼ƽĶľ˵һ˭ȸˡ
ľЦЦͷ
ү˳鷿Ȼ󣬽ɣһԺʹĺС
׵׶ӣҪӡɽֻҲˡ
ľҲ̲סЦ
¶˲Ҳ̲סЦƷմ˵ԺǱѾʰˣһ䣬ʲôʱȥ
죬ʱһҡ
ЦӦˡ
˵˻л鷿׼ȥԷſ첽ܷߵĲ
ľЦЦյõܼ˵Ϣܷ˾˹ǡһ˷԰ˡ
ֵܷô
ľȽյõϢ˵ˣ»Ȼܴӡܴ˲ǡ
ľЦŵͷ
Ҳϲܴǲ֪˹ģ
ľһ˵á
ĸĸĹϵãŵùĸĸԼҲδ֪
ǹҪȥ𣿡
ܷҵĸܴܴϵľ˾ˡĸοһͬĻλ֣ĸײҵǵϢҲȥ밲ʺá
ŶһҲǡ
ЦľԷôˣĸˣ
ǣһ߶СءС㣬˾ĸǼλүλˣնڷ԰ӷ磬˾ūС˵һЦ
ľգգۣЦʣǲܼҵĴ˾ĸ
ףǡ
ľ۾һҿҪúѣܶĸˡеһμλ磬֪ϲʲô
Сɫãʲôÿλүүϲīүϲ佣ֻǵüģС㲻صġЦľ˵˼лȥ
ľվԭ룬½㣬ǰյǿҸװǰͨںڵذҲװΪλ硣
ֲ˵𣿡Ȼ
ľЦȻ׼񣬵λֳǵһμ棬ƽ׼һݼûд
»˵ʲôЦŽһ䣬˲֡
ĬȻ
ľЦӵסļͷߣɫѿ˽
Ǹպˣ˵Ҫ㡣
ľüĻȥ


256 ʲô

Žɫһһâ
ľȿһۣţһΣռ̽ңҲٸˡ
һڵϣ֪ͷ
֪ľҿ֪ԼĶŷʡʲôʱʲôʱ
Ŵףǡ
߳ԺӣһӰĶסŲ
ľȣ
Ǹʲôҹ
ƾʲôңľٲϣҲռˣҵġ
ɫȻת䣬ҳȥô
Ѩȥʮկˡľ
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ľջ֣Ӳ˲ԼָٽӶ䵽պǰҲպܻӣʲôô˵½㡣
½㡭պſ³һѪӿˮĭݺݵһľȣɸ˶ģ˲֪֪еһж͵ģ͵ı˵ģʲôʸҫƾʲôŹˣˡ
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ӣյպĶЦպģֻǿʼҵ첻Ӧز飬ɾҲӳ졣ŶˣС㻳У˵ǸӣĵҪˣɷԺҪܼҹ֪ܲȢţ
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ľվµͷ
ǰһסպĵѨ
պĶʱڲԣܶ
ȥʮկţ𾪶塣ľȶ
һġ
ľת˶ţͨûԼԺӡ
¼ľԶŽվһԵŷĿģڶһ䶼⴫𣿡
ŷͷ¹ģǽʲôûʲôû
µͷǶǩģ¶һ԰ķʱɱĳݶ
ɫһףأСԸģ¶һ֡
°ڰ֣ɣ˲˽⿪Ѩ
˴ӵӦǡ
תȥƷˣȥһʮկ
Ʒ˻ҲʣȥԱߵǣƥ˽ˮ
ļ졣
պĽֳ¶ˣԭ׺ܰһӣʢկүѧ䣬ҵүӲԲĴˮѧ޽Ըȥһ
Ѳɼң
ټһľҪˣϷ롣պĵĶǹעһ˵պıҲ磬̾͸
Ʒ˴ȥľȵԺӸ
Ѿˣڴ⡣
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ǰԺպĻάԭȵƣȫǺˮȴݵĵŰ¡
³üһЦ¶¶ݣպкŨЦһʾƷ˽н
ȳ˽һպĹڵϣһ׵ˣǻŸɺԵѪɫʱ䡣
պһ˫ڿϵ˲䣬ðӿһ飬ίĿϡ
³һЦ
Ľ˹ȥպϵˣ⡢ôŪģ
պȴû
ϵһ䣬Ȼ̧ͷ¡
վţĸŮһݱ飬зŭӡ
ȻӹΪģΪʲôҪǼҹ
Ϊūҳ϶ǼҹС
˭ǵ
￴ʮ֮ϣһ̣Ǿ浱ԼǿŴǸˣֱ֪
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оɱɫһҪŮǰˣһתպžž˼£պĵѨ
պ۵һˣҪɱҡ˵Ϊū澵ľ͸ԼݣҪŶ֮ռˡֻЩӣé©ֻ꣬ôǮȽһЩǷӡ
²ŵĵպģ
Լأ͸ұѻڮС㣡
󻹲֪ôҹˮ
ҼҹҪɱ㣿ҼҹҪɱ㣬Ϊ㻹ȵһЦӸµպģɱⷭӿŲ̾ʵ仰
ƣˣȻΪʲôܻպϻУɭһЦ
ЦѹܰƭĶŮҪֻһˡСߵڰ׵ı
ſ˵ʲôס첲ҡҡͷ
˵Ķġպҵģȴ֪׵ѿ
ϽպķϵĳתҪߣؼҡ
պĲŵĵϣקϣվԭزҲ㱻ľȴ
ҪҸô죿гһٸһӴǰŮͰǳ飬˱ۣǰжȽжպ㻹𣿷ҪȽ֣ˣ⣿պģȵĴʮկԺȽȥʮկ㣿Ҳ磬нյ£
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㿴ңկѼңŴѧ޽ͻԼģҵΪ˭űģ
Ҿ֪ҡպһҲҵĿֻ֪ңԴӱ̴һӺ󣬾һˣҵ񶼺޲óң뷽跨ףԭôϲ磡ͲǴǰ㣡ôظˣôΪңﶼҪ
ɫһȥϡ
ϵҲ͸ãȻ
û˵ҽ⣬ǿľȣ˴ҽܱȣ⿪ʲôӶ׬ǮͲǴǰ㣬϶Ǳˣ
ϵ͵һ
¼̲סҪٴζ֣ţں˵˵񾭲߷ɳȥ
Ʒˣ
˵תߣȥԼĻ̲סˣ
ƷӦһ߹ȥλҪҶ֣ɡ
պĻ˵ʲôƷһֵסѨ
ʲô§סպġ
Ʒɨܲס죬Ҿ͸ˡǵµģ̲ӱڮ١Ҫ


257 ˼

ϵɫ˲ˢס
죬û˵һֻ֣ްĿ۵סߵӰڣ
϶˶ӣһץס첲Ľߡ
˵գһϣһקպȥ
˳˴ţո俴ӰˣƷ˹ţŵģˣԺٷŽˡﲻ뿴ǵġ
ŷЦ⻰ǹֱײģеģ
Ʒ˼Ƭ̣¶ȥ¹˵
ŷæЦӦˡ
߳սǣպĵѨպ߬סϵĸ첲˵Ķģ㻹ǲǵǰˣֻ˵£
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պͷȥüͷһѿһľȲ㣡룬̫̫һӴȥʱ׳˶Ѫûˣˡʱģǲǣ
Ȼ̧ͷϣЩɵĴ꣬ѵĵ˵ͷǣȽʱѾû˺
أʡ
ϿպģҡͷҲûС
͵Ļ˻ΣЩһȵڵϣæץס硭
ǡǡܣҡͷȽʲô¶ǵãǡ
պĴǲһׯ˼ң黹ףģǻϤΪˣǰôۺݶƢôǶˣһˣж໤̲ѵ𣿿㿴Ǵα̴һӺʲôҵ޲ðɱңǼҸүҵĹϵŪڼҲɼңˣģôˣܸһЩɣϴζ˽ﶪţߵһ¼Ѿǡ
ͷǣպġ
պ˶㣬סϵѳѰɣľȸ㣡ˣ˵Ѿ˻Ȫ·תͶ̥ˣϵĲ֪Ǹʲô
סڣһȹȥպӣһžһϵĸ첲ϣһ˼
硭
ؼң⻰Ժ˭ᣡ
ϣְ̧Ŵ̤ԽĸŮˣǰȥ

·լӣպĿ˺üۣѰȥȴŵקĽģ粽뿪
պΣֻ÷ȥοļƻڳſ·ţؼȥˡ
һ·ϻ´Ҹʲôϣʱһúðο磬Ҫ٣ǰλ˳ⱲҲһȥ
ȻϱǽľȲƣľЩҲ͵ѧ߰˰ˡ
ȥԼҲܣ
⣬˲
Ҳᣡ
պıϻôıܰﵽ磬ǰ޳Ϊһ˶
ˮլ
˼ƣһмɫѾ鷿޼ɵĺ㡣
СЩӳá
ѹסС̥СϾ;Ÿˣ
˵ô죿СĥĻߵ˵
һϹүǩѿɣǼӾûأΪС޸үҶǹүˣǲ֪죬ڹүǶ棬ҹҵҪмҪļӸҶ˼
ֻһ䣬С̲ס˸֣֡òҪɣ
бһۣЩլ¶㲻֪أֻܺúźС㣡߶´СУ֪𣿡
Сͷַģ֪
һ̧ų˷䣬ҲԶ˼׳ӺСˣվ鷿Ĵ¡
ǽѿѾ߷ͷ鷿̧̧֣һȺһӵϣǰ׼õĿϣΪ˴ﵽԤڵЧֻӰѾߵĿӣ¶ѩ׵ƨɣڱĻᶼûУֱӶĿڣ
һһƺߣֻԾžͿһŰ׻ƨϱʮѪۣסڵѿ۵Ļѱˮ͸
ĸ߸ߵģϣĿϣھһ
ȻûԼı顣
Ŵۣһмɫ类ǣﻹõԭɫ֡
㡢ڸʲô
ŵĲᡣ


258 б

ɨۣЦЦүǲҪܵĺá
㡢⻰ʲô˼šüͷ֡
ЦЦûдתͷԴӵС˵õ㾢ûԷ𣿻ǿһŰ׻۾ӶӰ¶Ҳ˭ǳԺȣ˭´סҪ¼򣬸Һݺݴ򣡴̧ȥȥιҰ
һȺΧ۵˶˸ս
С˶һۣ˾⻰үģȴҲ𴩣ϻϵŵĶ֡šģǶǼӣ֪أЩ֪ߵغһô¡
ĵͷתͷˣүЪŰɡ
ü۵Ͳмؿ˿Ŵʯͷѹ
ϡ϶ҡָɣ˵¼ָܻ֣ʲôȻңš
˵Ŷ֣ͻȻ˿ǡ
Χ˻ĵĿ
ƲƲ죬ЦһūȰүǸԼһĺãǰԭй˶Ҫͽ㣡ǼԺ󶼸Ҿŵ˹үǺǣûǣѿĽվǵգ
ԶԶΧ۵ļŮŵɫҰף˫ȷ
Ļ£㡢㡢ܼ̫ʮ꣬ʮܿʮܿţ֪ʮɲٿϣ
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㡢Цʲôһ֡
ЦǺõġ
뿼ҲÿҼү̫̫ԸԸ㿼
еĳֵֶָڶܼ̫
ҼС㻹źӣүһ˸һѵ̫ȥɫһ
˵үˣԶ㺢ӵҼС㣿˾үֻҪ˵ĻūͻȥһҼү̫̫˵үѿͶϣҪС룬СżױլңЩߣӴ˹үʲô˸һ𶼲˵֣
ѿ˫ŷϣĿ⣬ƵĿ
ЦһүΣ
Σ
Σ
Ҫˣһͭ嶼òѵȥֶ쳭鳭ȫǶֻ׬ͭ
ҪپһΡ
Ҫޣֱӡ
ԣ޵ġ
СƶʣΪޣ
ǺǡЦһүḷֻ́ϧһ˵Ļү˭ǹүС㻳У˺С㶯̥¶̫үУүΪ̫үĻүĻ
֣߬ҧһū
лү佱
Ļ˵ʲôɨܻˣȻӦЩ˶ܼҵģΪԼٶ࣬ǰĻܼң
ʵֲãܲñָűͱģڿֻ棬޿̣ݺݵ˦ȥ
ЦһŶĲӵѿ̾һȿɻɻҪ־͹㲻ر֣Фȴˡ
ѿؿһȴԽͳֱƽ
ԺﰲĿ¡
ְڰ֣ȥڡϴɾ

пƣܵѰ˴ȥľƹѰ˸¥ٴλãҪ˼Сƣһ˺
ţȻ¥Ϥ˵Цʲô
̽ͷһƽչϵţſھ뻽һȴŵͻȻ֣˵س׷ˣļٵģ
Źߣˣ˵ļٵģЦһ
˺ٺһЦŹߣ˲ܿ𣿹˵׼ܿš
ʮţ˭͵סʮļįȵʮĿմ˳Ц˵ܼҵŮܼҰͲһӿܼҹӣĻĻᣬǵưɡ
⻰ʲô˼
ŭվųЦ˼
һΧһȦûΪԼˣ̧Ĩ˰Ѷͷĺģģôֻˣ
ͱͱʾ̧ͷ
̧ͷһ͵ĵɴ󣬰һ˼ŭյӹΣڨڨ֣ôһ
һЦƽջĲɲ㣬ҲƵǸ֮ˣû뵽㾹ҲѧӸ˱˵˻ǷǣǴ㣬ѣ
ˣ
ųԲˣֲһ˵û˼
Ҫ˼ǺЦʲôܼҵŮҪܼһӣܼҲҷͷĻʲô˼
Ż˵ʲôֹסָţģ˵㵽Ǻξģ
ָűӣҲˣ˼ûסε˵һԡ
ҪҪˮ˭֪ΪʲôȢС㣿Ҹһ棬Ը˺һ߲㵱ҶɵĲɣЦǣ˭֪̰ͼܼҵӣȢܼСģ
Ȼתˣ˶һۣε̾˿¶ûˡ
ǣǡһֱǵɺѡ
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ܾһ˼Ƭ̣ҧǣʩԮ֣ŮܲܡܼҶǹ飡


260 Ҫ

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ڽԼЩŲܼҵ֮ʳպڻ赹
ʱܹѸһ뼦ι˵ܼһ輦ԵѾǵˡ
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ܹѸųʱѳɶ֡
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ܹѸ˳ӵĵͷͷ㵽һ룬͵Ķסɶ˵ɶޣ


261 

ޣҧܼôߵĶӣôͻ¶û꣡
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ܹѸ㶵ŶԶһĴȣӵܼңǺܿˣžֱˣҵĶȵҪܼҵҲһͭ岻ܼûȥ
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״ֽѣϻ׼緹ܹѸȥá
ܹѸЩԥӣҪȥܾʶôˣһ治Ӯ
Ϊʲô治Ӯо֤ˣüܹѸ
ܹѸⲻ㵽ʱܲס
ǳ־Լ磡Ǳز䣡
ܹѸ˵ʲô̧֣ˣϻ˵ˣϽ߰ɡ
ܹѸĺɰ˰죬ȥɣֻиȥˡ

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Ϊˣأ˭ֵ֪ʱͰƱˣ˵ֻҪɩڹ˵仰˵⺢ͷܼңԲŸܵġڹүǡСڻᣬҼСãҪٸûеģαΪôһС¶ҵĹϵ
С¶ܹѸ˵ĵʱͺĶƱͣȴֲŹǵĻᣬЦȻС¶ܼΪʲôѺӻǣ
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վҪߡ
ܹѸͻȻת̬Ȼһһ㶵ģˣô˵Żˣ
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ĸ˵һӸС㶼ᣬһصģٸûУٸܼΪܣԺ϶ᲹĸӣʲôֱӣǮӰ
ܼҲҲǲģ
˼ʮ꣬Ųܼռˣ
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ܹѸס˰죬Ȼ˵ҲûʲôԣֻǸС˯˼ϣС㻳ϵģҲģӺȷʵûʲô
ǡԺܼҲҵӡŮҲСܹѸ룬ŮҲϣÿҪҺҶӹ̶Ǯ˴˼һܵڡʮ
ֿܹѸûп
ֱܹѸҪͷ˵Ļǲ̫ˣǮ͵ʱֿˣܼҪŮʲôֲܴڽӴǮҪҪ
ܹѸ룬ٶ𣿡
תߡ
ܹѸæ˹ȥץסĸ첲𣬱ߡӦˣӦˣӸҡ
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ܹѸ̾ϢһŴӣһȳһյĹڵϣͷܼ֤ĶӣƤΪЩŤ
ΪƢ̫šַҪӲɣһֱԥŲŲ˵
˵̫꣬үƬ̣¾ľܹѸǰ
ܹѸãȻĿͻȻЩ
ü̫үл㣬ǰ
ܹѸæŶһϥмԣ̧ͷӵĿ̫үͷϵĸ֣ٴͷչȥӣҪҪ
ҡͷ˵ʻ
ܹѸæá
̫ү뵽ͽõĶЦЦϣԿʵ
ܹѸһȥӣղ˵ɶ

ղ˵˰죬һ䶼ûȥǲǣ
ʦү˿ȣ㣬˵ܼδĸӵͷӦʣҵĳӵܣ̸ܼңǲģ
ܹѸʦү
ʦүͷԼҲûúõİʲôء
üʵʲô˵ʲô
ʲôԥģ
ܹѸ˵˰
ͷ˵
үСǸһӣܼ̣ҶӲͬ⣬ͬˡ

ɶϹˣû


262 


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ʲô׼ˣԭΪʮþȣܱƵܼҵͷԺլԼĵ˭֪龹Լ
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ԲҪᣬԺٶС
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ܼҵһͷСޣҲˣΪ˵ʲôʲôһ֮ϲܼӣ
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òã
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ӴԼû˹ҪԼһ״泤ģ˭
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˰ɣܹѸ˲֪Ǹ缸֪ѹûǮȢףƸ˼ܼȥģֹ֣ɲܼƸңүȢܼ𣿡

һȺЦǰ
ӵ̧ͷۿ۾ʱ򣬶һЦȻֹ
֣߬ĿɨһȦʮӶʮĪбһ·ţ֪ʮٿšоˡԡ״Ԫ

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С㣬˻ںأ
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ܹѸ˵룬ǲ˵ȳɼҺҵȸСӣܼҵӶ飬ʱȥһ׼
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ܹѸסŲҡ

ܹѸίίĿŶӷɿԶ⻹ΪãզԹˡ
뿪ãܹѸһ·ߣ·ߵ̯ͭȥҪһ룬߳Ա²ۣζѳԣĳĺóԡ
˵̯һ̫̫òóԣȥҡӰǼ˼ҵ̯𣿡
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ܹѸһ㶣ռǸѾͷģ
ʲôѾͷǸļүϻ￪ġ
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ܼҹܼҲδɫ˵껰תС˽үʰ񣬼Ȼ뵱ܼҵŮܼҵĶһһ߶ܴߡ
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үǼСԸİɣߵʱǵûֵء
ô󣿡
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˵̸Ķŭһ仰˵
ŭͷתȥʰʱСһһ۲ĶţóƤЦܼҵġ
ʰѣЦܼҵǮġ
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飬ЦܼҵǮġ
ķ֣լ˹һլңʲôģ
СǱĲмǺЦͷһ鷿һռ飬һֵıīֽ⣬ٿʵĶ黷˱ۡ
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С˶һۣ׺Ц⣬һ·˹լլųסүǲʲô
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Сɫһ䣬ĿҲάˣһĭ˹ȥؿڣ浱ԼǸүˣҲվӣԼǸʲôУ
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ŭɶǱ̫ǼСү׵
ޣҼСүܣϼϽѡ
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˴֣ȥҪӣս⿪һӣбһˣһǣǸɶɶſҶӣſҶӡ
ҵķӡ
⡢ⲻܹѸզ⸱Уɶˡ
ȻһǺۿȥСĿһû˵Ļס
ܹѸ˹ȥǰӣû°ɣ
һϲ𣿸Ƕӣ͵ˣ
ɶɶӣܹѸŤͷ
ŭɶ˵ɶլ˼ܼҵģܼҪߣ
̫̫˵ɡүȥ˵СˣҪ룬ҪլӺҼСױһүҪŮˣĻȥܼһǮĶҪ£һܴߣ߾ӣ
ܹѸԣӣ˵ɶ˼
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263 

ɶ㲻СˣܹѸһץסǰѣӣ㲻ҪɵûйûûǮֲɶ㲻Сӡɶɶ
ܹѸ֣㲻ӻһǧ㹻ǳԵʮ
ûˣû˰ܹѸȴУˡˣ
ɫ䣬ܹѸ˵ʲô
ˣһͭ嶼û°ܹѸʹɱǧӾĶҵһǧȫˡ
²࣡ݺݵܹѸһۣתլߣСס
һղͬ룬ͻܼҵŮ˭ң
С˶һۣЦһүῪЦ˵޵㣬˵㣬ԭ̫̫ӡôӶˣ뵽ܼһԻȣܼǴȰˣĵߣϽߣٲߣɾͲˣ
ʲôѻûءһССһѡ
СŶһ˰ɣˣȥ
˵ˣҲͬ룡ǼүȥĴĽģ
С˻Ҫ˵ڹܼҵô¶
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С̻˸Цһһʮ˵ˣܼҿĸü
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ڹܼһ㶣үʲô˼
ҶӲͬ룬ͻܼҵŮǲܰĸߣܹѸվµ
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ٶȿʱӹһĨȴЦүԵȣͷȥҼү
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ȴһַᣬݺݵѹڵĿ꣬ȡ
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ܹѸĵķ죬Ҫ޳ˡ
ؼңȥʮկǷͲסˣԺҲûۿˣʲôû׼ûԵûȵģȥô
ĽŲһ˲һ̧̣𣬡ܻа취ġ
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˱ۣǺЦ
һקȵܰȵĵȵʮ²μӿƾ
ͷԺһţȴ̲ס˸ս

ڳſ˴ţǮһˣĸȫҲֻճĸǮϳ˽ش˼飬ţܼôǮǮˣأ
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磡պָϣסδĻϲ磬ϲˣֲǳԵġοֻʱģǱΪХ죡磬һܵõҪģһܳΪȨµ
ĨţЩĪɤʣ㡢ôôģ
պһ䣬Цˣϸ۵ָǰ˻ΣЩܣȡȡʲôʱҼ޸磬ٸ硭
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պĵͨ죬еͷá
ЦЦ§ĸоĽйȺȻ
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յĺԽԣ硭
˿ڿˮպĵĴȥ
Ľȥ԰ɣﲻҪҪˣš
ܹѸڴ
պһƿڵվ


264 

磬ҡˡ
պͨ죬ķߵĺϼӳɵͣĨۺɬ֪Ůζͷȡ
Ŀⷢպ΢ͷеĹâһ
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Ťźһǵһ飬ǵ컻ɫһ첲ļƤȫɢ
á
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˵꣬Ŀһۣܳ˷䡣
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
šü
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յˮˮ
ܹѸæͷţȥա
ܹѸתȥݣۿŴͷϸ˼¡

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Ժһۡ
պĹɵܵǰЦŽʲôóԵģִ𣿡
һŮЦЦȥҨˮʰ£Ъ˾ͺˡ
պıװһТ˳µŮ뵽ҪתתЦӦˣţҶˮȥʰһջ𡣡
ϵͷպҨˮ˽ݣŶӳ˼ľ
͹ӣÿմ˵͵ϴõĲ˵ȥ
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ԺľȼշžһʱֻʣЩ硣
ڣպϴ˰ӣ͵ŴԼߵݣŰջķüͷ壬۵ӹһĨŲĴܽϵķ䡣
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պĲö࣬±֣С׺۸һĸӳٵģͣ֡
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ҿ˺öֻӣֻСģ԰ɡպЦе߹ȥֻӷڰϡ
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үӽӹʣ̧ϵ¹
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ܷһ⣬˵ʲôܼҴүϳţ
磡ܷΣԴҴˡ
ܼҴүЦ˵˵˵ʲôСüҳʲô۶ˣ
˵ݣڳǮڶֵ֧ةฮֵ֧˵ļзжգп𣿡
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ˣ˵֪Ҳ硣ЦŶԲܷ˵ǴǰŻؼңʢĵ۵ķ֣һĳʶ˲佫ԱļȻβ룬ȴҲԼûʢĵзơ˵ûǮ
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ܼΪѵĿֿ̫̫үӣүӴܼҲʵү˸ա

̫үӻ˻Σүأҵأ˵
Ϲֿܼ̫̫һۣͷ̫үүܲס䡭ȥˣ
̫үſһѪŴأɫˢףأϽȥ򣡡
ͷ𼱣Ѿȥˣûˡ̫̫ҲŻˣæ
̫үĿһۣƿϹܼ´ȥǡ
ͷӣӲãţǶˣǿ׳ģµġ̫̫֧֣̫ү̫үȴһۣϹܼҳ˷䣬ԺӣֱӵԺӡ
հִүüͷһԵͯүǡȥѩˣ
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ԣ̫̫һ˹ȥ
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ͷ̫үҡҡͷǻ٢ҽ֣򡭡


267 

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ȴæס̫үһΪѣ̫үҲȣǡʵû¡ǸϽһλǿƷĴλүһ˵еľȣϥǹͷˡ

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Ѧϴ϶ƽĹǿƴˣҲ˵Уǡ
Ϲܼȥ룬ܵķɿ죬ӾѦϴ
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Сĵȥ˵ϥǣָᴥϴûԵãŻ֡
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̫үƿϹܼңĵ߼ץסѦϴӣѦа취ǲǣǼɻᣬôʧȥ˫أ
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ܷ˵˵ͷһһš


268 

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Ҹܺú˵Ź֣
ɽ첻㣬͵ǲǣ
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򱱺̣ץһֽ˹ȥǳͽȢʲô
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Ϲܼһѱס򱱺үϢŭϢŭүǸӡ
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׷˻صԼԺӣԽԽʻˣ
طˣȷʵˣүүһŵԵ£ܶүĹҡүȴ˵ҪȢֻȢ

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̫üһۣ˻˵ûãͲ㽫֮λøӣ


275 ִ£ĸ

׷죬̫Ȼ˼ֲͷô˵ģǰ׼ҵĵŮֶ̫Ůɽʲôˣӳҵ˸
׷˴Ӿš
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ˡ

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276  

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277 ѣһ

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ͷ׵үݳϣһӽü϶أ
Ŷʢﲡˣ˵ץҩٹ˵˾䣬˶ţȻݴ̫ˣԴˡ


278 ڶĵ

үӰ˰֡
峯һԵ˼ۣתݡ
ݣ˵Ŀүü̾һ
վչ꣬æҪȥţôͷθ˵һ˳ķϡ
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һСӰɷҧס죬ЦЦЩԥ󣬡¡үӴô죿
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ݣԬϳۣҸ˵һķզզӾүˣûУ
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ôˣ
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պĹ˹ָϴչȥĻɿһۣȻ󣬻ͷ
պЦЦ֣һܺġ


279 ݳһ

һ̧ԹĿıӰһۣתȥʱͻȻסɵĿպģôİǣպģʲô
ĸ졭պһЦƽʱĹϵãҲûοһд֣һˡ
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պӦһתݡ

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Щ͵ĸȰնƣȵġ
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ļ̌ų鷿ϵЦݻȥĻмַܣȴﻰ
ǰӽڵص°꣬Żĥ衣
Ⱳӣôպô˵ˣ
ûǶøúûţ

˵ʮķʱһѾİΧмʹүĻŪȥȰɡ
ǰͷ䰡⺢۳žֻʣһˣٶôôǺá
ǣҲ֪۳žʣһ˰һûˣʱӻôⰡ
Ϊѣ̧ۿľ밲´ɫһɣЦǹˣϡ
û˵꣬ղŻǲŵĴүתͷȥ
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ȦĿƼľȣЦŴкչ
Сҡ
ٶһۣϿŽһȽˣ㡭Ⱦ㣬Ҫˡ
ϵһȺͬÿһľֱӿĲ״
ȷʵͦҵġ
ܽţϣһҰףȥ·һ̾Ҫ
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ôĺӣûء
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󲮣ôˣ
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˹ȥһץסľȣƵģȽȾ㣬ʮûˣûУ
㲻ɿңôˣľεĻ˻αץĽ֡
ϵĸɺһ٣ۿеˮûĨȥʹһĨɿľȣ㡢Ըؽ
ԸⰡ󲮺ʹʮķǰô֤Ҹβ𣿡ľֵ
ѵﲻҾȶ㣬ôһǸԼҶ㶼ȵĺ֮ˣ
죬ľֻЩɡ
Ѿͷôʲô֪
ѲպСǰ͸¶ģתһ룬պĸûؽһܵˣҲûǸʱ䡣
պĽʮķֵ֣ԽԽãľȶˣֱв϶ԸؽβʱɿԷĿˣľȣξ͵ӡ
󣬲ǱӻǱųָؽβľһȡ۶ܲˡ
Ŀģľӣ


280 ҧ

ɣôһ¶
ΪʲôѾͷھ˵Ҫؽβ
ϻľѿǯƣߵţԣסܽص
ʲôס֣
ϷӦ͵˹ȥָľȣľȾһһĵȥ
ͻ䣬μ˹ȥһѷס
ΧҲһ
ɫѿϣʲôҼҹĺŮβΪʲôҼҹ
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Ƭ̣С˵ǰҪնβˣôȥլˣҪʮķݣ
ˣǸղһֱ˵ǰնҲãնҲŮβ
ɵ˰ɣʶնҶˣնҼİ˳»־ˣοǶռˡ
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ЩȦô˵ģЩ˷Ųǻؽô˼һ仰ȫѾͷˣ
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ۣǵʱһﻹΪնĳȣ
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ԼŮֻˣƫ˵ԼŮҪƵģᣬʳأŮĳǺݶ
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ֱ복ŵܽأһƿȺˡ
ϸϲţĴУһͷ粻ӰһʱּҲߣֲܶԼŮɫէէ׵ġ
ƴ۹ϻţƨɣһˡ
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պϵͷķζҪըˣſھҪСӣɺĴĵֲۣòס㡢㵽ʲô£Ҳ׷˻ѽÿ
ﲻ׷ˣպʣüۼЦӯӯƫϺӷ
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պüأ
СϲĿպģƬ̣Ȼģ¶ֻ֪֪Ҳ˵ġ
պĿéݶݡ
ȻҲģ﷢ģ
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Цô}ˣǰһЦţһ̾ͻҪһ
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ݣۡ


281 ֮һ

ʮʢսȥ
϶ûг֡
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ʢļͷСӣ˾˵㽨ҵ飡
ʢȭأ죬ľվĵطЦЦ
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ʢЦЦ̧ƺһͷ쵽һ룬͵Ķסָģȥ
ľȽͷ̽ȥʢһ㶣ֻȥںڳúչԼ
Ҳǡľȵͷ
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ʢɫһݣס˺ɰ
ļ̌Լĸ磬΢ʪ磬սϵǹۣһҪչ˺ԼҸǵҩãǵıҩס𣿡
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ľ̾һү˼ˡȻˣ˵еİ취үÿǾմУա͵ûмΣ
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ֻǡүӿľɿģοɬպ˵£һҪǵãҸѣھУҲսĻ
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˵ʹסլӣǿҪ˯ľϣľȺΣȰ˺ܾã˯齵ͷסһݡ
סǰԺľȿʼÿҩݣΪһ룬˼һº󣬿ҩ
ԣ˼Σľȶֻ˵ǰǿġ
ǰ²С˵©죬֪Ϊκ첻֢֮ҩľȾѼ˽֮á
ҩЩҩĶľίļĴѰģǮҲ򵽡
歺ЦѾͷ
ҲЦʪۿԽģʷ飬ԾԼָУæƣ滮ص㣬ľ绢

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С㣬ˣСɵѻ˻ΣϲĿžеС㣬㿴ôࣿС㣬ķЧ
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СֶһۣС֣ʲô
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תȥܹѸСԺ
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ܹѸôΣٲʼˣԵĺܡ
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ܹѸֵĿıӰһŷ
鷿˰ҹԺ˯ʱԺѾ˼Ժǽתȥ鷿
գòܾûڼϢա
ΣſС˴˵պҪ
ŵ̸ϸȥſڣſڵ˹Ȼպģɫѿǰһѽպʲô


282 붴

硭
պĲСġ־벻ͷһƴС¶ί飬ˡ
˵ǴĻ̾һĽﲻĵطȥɡ
˵գӻ˼ͭǮպģţȥ
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˵ţ̧ͷլӴţԥһŵĽңһȥѣһȥӡ
պĵͷլӣֽãػתˡ
С˵ͬȥȾƣƭС㣬լʱպûӰˡ
ץסſڵСʣС̯֣û˰
ֻˣˣĺݺݵС˼ۣ˦ˡ
С˿ԶϺݺһڣʲôİ
꣬С㱻һС
С˲İڰ֣ЦզأڿǿܼɫԷأĸҵܼˡ
һС룬ҲЦ˾䣬ǡ

պͷεĲۣ
ľЩȻͣдŵ֣ëдһԶһ㣬̧ͷȥЦеİ£ʲôʱ£
͸ոգӶءºٺЦ˵ҪҪųЩҪĲ
ʲôûӡ
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ʲôļҵӰЩüͷһšУ֣ӣٸһЩ۶ӣ
ľЦЦ歱㣬ҪҰôԼԿء
ԵĿ𣿡歴һӣ¶УһͷүȥСǣպĹһҪ
ľȳԱ񣬰̲סЦ
ľЩΣ歱㣬ôʵĿĵģ
ʲôĿģ歺ɵĿ
ľȴյߣֹ˼䣬һҡı顣
㲻ƭң
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歰ŰɵĵͷáҶţҶʹˮҾͶ

պĵͷαһԸ߼ˣȻӱĶļҡ
ľȵҲ˼⡣
ľֻһЦҲ͡
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֣ƱպãԼֱߣʱСָȥһ¡¡¡
պķ·ûпСһֱͣкԲ˺Ⱦƣ磬ԵƬѼһͶˣùľģ㳢ϲθڣϺҲǰ׼ģ粻ǺϲҲ
һӦһ룬ԼʲôʱƬѼˣҵǰܾҲΣûƬѼϺֻȹһΣζʲôʱϲˣ
Ҫǣû˵ԼȹϺɣ
պϺܶһĶⲻҲ͸
ָһƱģֻҪЩģģԣԲơ
ȻǮĽ𼦣Ҳľ͸ˡ
պĿɲ֪ԼΪ׼ˣûء
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պĽߵĴͷ磬ᡣ
ЦģһƬĿⲻһ䵽պĵؿڣ̾һվͼǡ
磬ʵʵҡպӵС͵
ֽͣק뻳Уſһʵôˣ
ʵ˼ѾѾˮˡպ˵꣬ͷС
һӦպĻе˼¶ϲģҼĽѾ𣿿Գ𣿡
磬㡢滵պŤŤӡ
һǵƨһ£СӣŤȥСүˣ
պľһĲҶˡ
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պһֵ̧סţС۾ŽӵĿָϴȦ̫䣬ôʵûоָؿòԼֻǾãպɧŸ˫ﻹҪζ
һץסպĵ֣һסպĵͷӲպĵĴһȥǿһ˫ҲʼһֱФĵطȥ
պ۵üͷֱ͵ƿ磬ۡŪˡ
СӣۡŴֻҪպĵ֣ͻȻ˵ĽŲ
պæվǰλá
Ҳ˶ӣãסεĲλ
Сһ˶Ц˵˾䣬λ͹٣ķˡ
һڰ֣ȥɣûзԸҪš
СӦˣϷš
һϵľƱһ
ʹ죡Ľҽʵ̫ˣȾơ
պЦŸƱƣ磬Ҿ㰡
кãһһһƺ˸⡣
ݣպţȥСҪƣȾԸպĵһƣЦ͵ߣĽٶһЩӣҾ͸ܼС룬ȢŶòã
պ۾һߵĴͷֽƺˡ
Ժ˾ƣʱһҿջĴϡ
Щ۵Դ뱳һֻ˵ֽקɵϣɫ磬˯һ
պһһ㽩ڴϡ
Ƭ̺͵ĳӣͼޱµԼδŴû·§ǸҲû·
պſھҪУͻȻסæҡͷƾˣء
ĽɲܽУһСˡ
պĵȻֹԴӲתϤʱԴһƬհף૵硭


283 ëȻĸоһ

ǵ޲˲䣬ץסĳſڶסպĵĵૡ
СǺڣûһ㽫ˡݺպһڣָĦĴһ·»ǱڴϿ˼ˡ
պĺȻĵȻظŽг硭
С޲ϾȢŶһֽպ§뻳УЦһֺϧһ᲻÷ֵĳݺ
պ۵˻һԴڷӦ
ϴˡ
Ϊʲôᷢ£
ǲںȾ𣿲ڳδʱô͡
պ۵ҪըԴϸյ飬󣬺Ȼ֣ΪڶýľƲŽû֪ġ
Ǿ
ھҩպĲŵĵ
ϵɫһ׵֣Ц͵պĵԴ˵ʲôأǱ˴మҲޣҷ㲻Ȣôϲ㣬ôֶεõ㣿
պסǡΪʲôᡭ
ǵĵ˵ıǼ⣬ЦСӣԼлôƣƾ͹ϣôקקûа취ٽ˸ջҪ˸䣬ҪˮѾƣ˭֪һԧԡȻ󡭡
պĵ۾͵ĵɴ˵Щ£һӡûУ
֪ԼУЩǧСǰ󣬺ȾнƣУܺƶ֪
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뵽⣬պЩίĺۣ涵Ŀ̽磬Ľ֪ĽǿĽ̫ˡ㲻Ľɣ
һ㶣պίĽĿ»ٿ¶ĽƤ̲ס̿ˮָļͷһ߸ŻļһЦŵɵϣ³Կ㣬ô㣿ҲûаѳסӦһò˳ġ
һҧ˾㹴ңҲ˯㡣
պ΢ͷ⻰üͷ΢ɲͷƽصļٿ
ȻûһЩ䣬Լô⻰ǲŵġ
ɲŹ鲻ţȻȴ̾һһõҲʵˡ
һ˵ǮһЩСȢŶ
βٽһ˵λá
ȻһһϸλʱƾǰյģھЩҵĹϵγûǰٻ
ͨЩպĵӻŤŤȥ
Ͳס˵ڴϣСûιǲǡ
˵գ籩ʹ
պıڵǱ˹ͷӣ̱ڴϣӳסӵûС
ʰԼҧĺ׵ĴֺݺݵһڣӻͳһɫŲ֪ӣõǰ˻ΣЦãʲô
պĶȥһۿм伸θɺԵĺɫӡ
ǡ
ӣ
պ͵ĵɴ۾ȥץ磡
ȴջ֣ӵŵǼᣬõԪȻҪúղ
պĺŤŤӣ硭
ЦĿ޼ɵĽɨһ飬̿ˮڵģԺһõģˣϢһҲ뿪
պĵͷ
Ա㣬顣
պڴϣŷ˯˹ȥǱѵģ͹٣͹٣ⶼˣסȥҪǮġ
պһ㶣뵽ʱµĻԭ뿪˼
ĿڲЩµûţ涪һ䣬һգ׼Щˮͷ
С㶣Ӧһ¥ĽŲ
ˮӣ˷ˣǮˣպĳ˿ջϻš
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ӣˣ˵ʲôʱе
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ſӣտӣ
պĿĻ󣬺޲̳ȥ˺Ǹռλõļˡ
СպĶصĵطȥûˣֵƲƲ졣
СŤͷһۣôˣ
Сҡͷоڿǡ
СĴ˿ûˣЦŵɹ
Сͷһۡ
ĪЩ飬´һۼƼﱻ紵һϤĲϣպ˭ڵһᵽɤ۶䡣
ȴЦŵӣ󣬸Ͻݰɡ
Сͷһм˻լӡ
պڽվһתŵķȥ

ƽ˵˽¸ľȣľ˺һ̧ü氮
Ƶ˾䣬Ʊ氮
ľȿЦ˳
С㣬ǾôǼƣ
ľЦֽ̿дţ̲סһԵ
ļ̌ͷһۣҡҡͷȻ׼һΡ
գգۣͼľдõŴ˴īװŷݸƽ㽫ĵĽúչչպĵ⣬ǧչ˺ˣҵ¡
ƵͷתҪߣ쵽ſʱľֽסһ䣬ĺã˺ҾһŸǮ⡣
뵽ģЦЦǣһѻ
Ҳ˵ֻ˵պĻصʮկͼǿڽ˼ղ˸߼ۺϴк˹Ҫéݲ˸Ƿӡ
ɲéޡ
һҲܹľסլӣסéݵС
Ҳ֪ԼһЩƷĲȥû׬ǮǷޣҲûҪֻһ¼Ƿˡ
պԻ˷ݽͼԺȫȦǰ˸С˳䣬ȣȫǷһСĺԺĽṹŲõġ
Լס᷿ͨó鷿ҡ
˲ɴֳ˼ŵĻԼ鷿ֳ黭ÿ軭ܡ
Ժʯ·Ƨһƴĵط˵ҪŪС԰
ڳЩѧľð쳵ˡ
ŵһԷޣһӣСѾߣһźԼһźϣûҪ˵ϰ߱ź
պûǿ󣬶ԼС
һʰͣ־Լγ¾ɣĳӵϰԼѣԼϲһףɫ䶷ƴƤģƤģƤģƤĶҪˡ
ͷΣԻ˼Լǰϲʽļ
Щͷðյֵֺ첻˸⣬Ƿһٶ
æ˼ײ˳ȥϿӣҲһЩ
ԼĶðʲôûء
Ѿ߶ҪЩҲûҪͽЩ¶˿ȥæŻͼֽǮٻܵǮСϳլȥˣδ׸ˣһƷھˣ
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ɶֻҪһ밡ףƽʱûٰæģǮӦöһŶԡ
ԣǻиլز㣬סլ
˼ҵլƾɶס
׵ģҲţȥסܰأ˵һҼҵģһȺסһҲ»
պһæסСϱĻɩӿɲ˵סһĶˣеȻ࣬޽Ҳסء
޽Ŷ󰡣ϣռѾͷ治
ɲǣôסһҲ»
ɫ࣬ϵĶһӣǺ˵ʲô
һ˷׷׻ͷɫѿʱסˣ㿴ңҿġ
˵ľȲ»СϱǸռ޽ģ״ЦһնɶѽǾྣڿ׼˵䰡
˵ǵģҲܣ˭ܻҼȽҸû꣡ۿСϱ
СϱֻһƲƲ죬ŮԼɶ㲻ǺɶбԼŮȥֲҵġޡ
㡭Сϱ
Сϱϣն˵Ҫִ𣿡

мӼĲᣬæȥСϱ˵ɣһģֵϲÿ
ÿҲǣǿûһȺүסһСϱȰ˵ЦЦǼ
պ׵Цˣ޲øСϱ
Ҫܻľȵ㲻ǲ˵ƫҪʮկ㣡
üǰСϱ󣬶ޱϵ壬ӣСϱռ޵Ǵ壬£Ǳƽϡ
˵ҹŮһүסһһֱûͻȻ˿ڡ
Ӱһεôһ˵档
ո˵ĸ硢ܵܡϹסһǲҲܸ˵ҲոһүǶסһ𣿡
ԣ˶סˡ
Сϱըëˣƿָϣ⻰ɶ˼˵⻰ҪҪģҡ
˵ЩҪҪģǲҹŮϻδ䣬̧һ˹ȥСϱ뵽ͻȻ֣˺һŷӦһȥ͵סˣˣˣ
˭ˣȴҵģǷſſҡ
㲻ſڱտ˼ҹŮף˼ܸ㼱õҲûϽģˣͣ
СϱûʶϷ裬ǿǼʶġ
һٷ裬һ亮
СϱӣݺݵĵϣޱĿ͸ȥ۸ٲȻҸȥãҪҾ͸㽲˭
ˣһһȥһ˻ȥӡ
ٱһδһΣ
̿ˮ
ڨڨģǼҲǻϻ˵ˣԺٲˣġ
һȺң㣬ߵķɿ죬һɢ˸ɾ
СϱҲקˡ
һ𾪵ĿϣǰȽ񡢷УôͻȻı̬ȣȽ˵ˣ
⣬պĸ⡣
⣬ϿĿ⣬һİˡ
ëȻĸо


284 جΣ

պľæȥЩϵദԼϵķӦ˰ŷ֣Щӣ˵ĴָͷĹ
϶⣬šҪġ
ǲǷʲô
պ£˵ľףҲӦ޸Ļɫ˱䡣
Σøϵ̬ΪʲôͻȻ䡣
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ԺҪڴ˵ĻǼѾûйϵˣ㣡ҲҸŮӲ仰̧žߡ
պ죬С㰡
պĻװǻƵģЦЦĽҪװͿˣҲҪˣǲ㣬ﲻǺ𣿡
˵仰ϵĴӣ׷ϣһ߻˴ͷլӡ
ŵڼǻЦŹү̫̫ˣС㻹û
һϽլӣȥ
һ棬˽æ񣬡ү̫̫ҪһźãС˵ͷ࡭
æģùǡĻһˮˮһ˽Ƥëϴ˹ڹϣķ¡
æ꣬ץ˰ѹ棬˰߲ˣһʢһ˾ͻԼˡ
ϵĸ˲⣬պĻպģպԼ£ǲò־ͲҪ֣ȥ
æӦ˳ȥ
պĵ˼֧򣬽յõģʼ軭
һ룬䲻ϿǸһһĲˡ
Ľëһˤɫī֭ĵǣϵҲһЩӷ꣡
ĺ䣡
С㡣СѾС˵ݴĶæ߽
պ͵վʰɾĺѸһˣҪϢ
˶һۣæӦǣС㡣
ֽģһʰӣһȥ¹˯£źպĻѣϴʰͣӣ䣬˯ϡ
պȴڴϣȥ˯ţһƬ֪ôģͻȻǼ谵ĵңľŲϵף˫ݾһ㿴׵۾
УԼһ˫Ůʱ޺šףҡʱģ
ľȱԼƣһ붾ҩɤӣ̥ʱѪۣ
ֽŽö˵ѪĿֱģɫĴţǣбӦģ
պ͵ĴӴ˵ƣͷ봲Զϣȥ£Ժ˹ȥ
УѪĳ
㣬İĽģΪʲôҼ޸ľȵĽűߣ۰׵ָȹڣϲۣһ˫ÿ۾ˮӯӯǳ
ľȴĻ
Ȼ˦ָպģеҵ๫Ľ򣡾ʦȨҵĹӺүŶ㲻ޣȻҹҵķ㡭Щ㶼ѧȥˣɶԵЩཫ󡭡
㡭ɫһף֮ɫȴҲǹģҲģҹܲסԼġ㣬ͳȫҰɣ
ȫ㡭ľЦʦ׸СҪ޸ԼĽ򣬸Լ׽Ǻǣѣ
ˤ뿪һ仰²ᣬһᾡѰһź£޳ȥ
ڵϣ˫ȱ䣬䣬Сʹ
ܼ޸磬ΪʲôԼܼޣ
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ľͷſʣ³ȴѪһ̲סзЦľȣҲн죡
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Ϊʲô
û뵽ľɤӷӾȻ˵
Ķʹ
ľҧѪ˫磬һΪʲô
㿪ȾµѪĿĽ˵ûľȣһ֣ʦҩܶɤӣȴס㷢˵㻹жаĶҲ֪ġ

֪˵Ļٹ½룬綼ţ
ΪʲôΪʲôľһ˻ߵһԭȴ֪ѾǸҪռҶǮˡ
ˡ
ڰڻˡ
̱˴򿪣ͷ񣬡ˡ
ԸȥֽŽȥʯµңǼأûҵκ˲ÿΥߣɱۣ
˵ɣ·ҪϵĲ÷һͬӵֽŽ·Ұݶסȥ·İèġ
ľȵɫȻ
̲סٴЦ
㲻ңľȣӣΪô࣬ôôҡûɿڣȴݣסһ߳ȥŽŽ
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ɤ﷢ΪʲôҪôңΪʲô
ֱһ˫û¶ȵĿЦЦľȣ㲻֪Ϊʲô
Ҳ֪
硭
֪ˡ
һɴȹͷĻΣģߵľǰľȰĿ⣬˵ãˣ๫Ҫ
ľĵЦЦת˽ĻУЦסľȵİȻֹ
ʹļҪг
ľȣ벻ɣҵˣҵˣ
һжҵˣ
ǡ
ľŭɶպģҪԸʶΪ𣿡
ίĽͷĻС
ʾǼ֣ľȵһֻűˡ
Ŀľȿ־嵽µŤףΪԼ飬๫һշްն㣬ЩΪ˰׸֮λŻѪķϣҪҵֽֶҾҲ룬д̡ܴ
ЩȻǷϻһ˼Ȼݾ˼Ҫİֻ
ľΪ֣Ҳˡ
۵Ļð亹²ͣȴѲٿ޺ģһ˫ݺݵĶǣ·ӵдǣбӦģ
ţһתȥ̳һ˫Ůǰ룬ССͷ­صʱ򣬻һ֣ͻţ˻ߵĽţףҡ
Ůȥٸõļ˹ݣôŮָϣӲָжۡ
ľȣ޹ģҵĺ޹ģĺУ㣬֪ˣ֪ˣҸ㳥ŹҵĺӣҵĺӰɡ
պ͵ĴӴӲͣקűӣڴڵĴ
СѾͷЬܽ
С㣬С㡭
С㣬ôˣ
պãȻ̧ͷܾúܾöûзӦ˭
ݣҲˡ
ۣڵĴ⣬źХ̾һ
ۿŷʲôû˵±۾

պļһҹδ˯߳ǰףžŰ㣬Ժ˯˹ȥ
Ǳһѵġ
̫̫Ҽү̫̫ڣС㻹ûѣʲô£ҼҶСûӣûд㣬ذɡ
ԼӼңܽˣʲôϽÿ
㻹ϽÿүүãϽ
УûܷǽǸϽ߰ɡ
պĲͷü۾Ӵĺ䡣
С㣬ˡ
ƿӣźպȥˮŸպϴ
ʰãھǰĺ䶯ְͷ
պĲ˾䣬泳ʲô
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պĿ۴⣬ǺЦȥ壬Źϣǡ
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285 

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պĿһۣôˣ
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ԺɣĽǷˡҦƿŵϵʯ壬͵ϸµĻȣקָ̫̫ſ
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һУۡ
ɫ࣬ڲһϣһָպģ֪ܵġȻĸǸһ㡢㡭ҹ


286 ᲻ãһ

ΪʲôҪպһ䣬üǳЦҵĵԺҳǮǵģҵңҼҪߣҲҪ̧ΣȢţ
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Ѫͨһ̾ǰͺ̵ӿ˳ѸٽպĺصȹȾ졣
պɫ԰׵ıŶӣҵĺӣҵĺӡ


287 ûˣ

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硭ȡҡպ߬ĸ첲۵ָΪָ΢΢ףĸ첲ٵݡ
ȹӵ²ͣѪͫ׷Ŵ󣬻еĵͷȡ㡭
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պЦһǸñŶǶδ׾˺Ӷǵûˣǵ汣סˡ
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壬ЪһӸɡ¶ӸЦе߽鷿
鷿ڣľȷе˲ᣬЦЦ壬Ъһ
ͷ۰µݹӸЦҡͷŮӳԵĶԲߣȥתһȦǡ
Զ³࿴˺üۣȷΧûʲôˣһѽŹϣյľȸǰ
ľȺЦĿһۣôˣ
պǱ߶Ϣ
ľһӦȢˣ
ҡͷƲƲ죬㶼벻˭Ҳû뵽պĻӣϲˣ
ľüԺҪЮȢ
ȻĿľȣ˵ͷСȢŵޣϧ
ͷЦһأȭڴ˿ȣŵ϶Ҳ²СҲˣ·΢ôһ㡭᲻ܼҵĻҵպĵȵȣС˺ȢŶ˷ִһСģպקˡ
קˣ
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ҡͷǧȷûˡ˵պĻӣǵãԺӻỳסȴҹûƲ»պģһ˻լ
ľȲÿɷ
˵պĻ᲻ǸУգգۣʵ
˵أľбһۣЦЦһֽдһ֣īֽݸӣֽ͸պġ
ãȥţķŵպĵķ׼֪
ľüָҡҡҪպ֪žдġ
һֽϵݣɴ۾
⡭


288 ϲ

һЦ˳պĿţǵɣ
ǿɲɣһ᲻ôȥľȹ˹ǣЦ⣬ȴһƬ⡣
½㣬˶һǱߵĶĺûˣСĺӻúõء
һӦľȻе˼˵պĻС㶯֣
ľףûʧȥӵзӦӦӣСĺƽ
˵˼Ǻݶ
µһҪҪһܼң
ľȵ˵ͷС»ţѰһߵ֡

һֶŸ㣬һһ߽ңȽڴͷĸ߼ϣ﷭˷
ĺ俴һۣ˭ţ
ҡͷû˵ֻ˵С㿴Ȼ֪˭дˡ
ĿһµĿڴϱĿպġ
ĺС㻹Ϣһ
ҿĻû˵꣬պۣӡ
ĺæ˿ŵպĿˣʾù
պֽŴ򿪣һƼּʱüͷݺݵһдʲôʱͫ͵һԴ˵һһƬհס
ϲĸûˣԺܿͷ֮ˡ
ϲĸûˣԺܿͷ֮ˡ
ϲĸûˣԺܿͷ֮ˡ
ľȣҪɱ㡭Ҫɱ㣡պͻȻгֽ˺ķ飬Ӵˡ
ĺһæǰסС㣡С㣬ӻûá

պһƿˣڽ̤վӣһ԰ץŴᣣɫĺʲôѡѸҴϣҪȥɱǸˣҪȥɱҵĺӡҵĺӡ
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͵ͷתȥѣĺ׳ŵ֣̽պĵ£պû˦һһסĸ첲ȰС㣬㻹Сأ䣬ȥϺòã
ˡǸˣǸˡպĶĻȴδţ૵ȫľȵĻ
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պĵĺ䣬﷢๾һѪͷȥ
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ҿһҩˮһ룬ιСˡˣ̾˿д˷ӵݸˣ˭һͬץҩ
ĺ俴æңҸȥץҩ
ҩգмǣСƽľڼģ˸ΣԺ²Ҫһӵġҡͷ
ĺ죬⡢⻰ʲô˼
ʲô˼С²ԺֻҪһĿھͻۣᣬӰ
ĺ产Ȼʧôأ
̾ЩСҼҵģעɡ
ĺæͷץҩϽ

պѽڣҩĺպҩ
պıͷҪ´ߣһѣҪһˡ
С㣬˵ҪľȻһĿ۵ëᡢһӵġĺСȰš
պĻȻ̧ͷĺûҶ㣬š
һȥպĲЦһ׺ⷭڣĥҵǲ˵ĵҩҺȡ
ĺæҩݹȥպĽˣһͷӲȥ
ҩĺһۣ˶һ
ˮ˿ڣպɻشϣȥĺ˵ȥ
ĺæͷӦǡ
ԺԺ㶢ŵ㣬ɵˣ˺𣿡
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պıۣһֵͷȥһЩ컨ԶһЩĵطСĲҪ˷֡
ĺпһſʲôû˵ȥպĺ޺޵ĵҵĺûˣƾʲôĺƽ£
ĺͫ΢΢δڵĻʽ˶
ʱպͻȻʮһ㣬Ҳ㣬𣿡
ĺŵͷصһڵϣūСˣСĹԲҳСģ
ǲңǲᡣ
պĿ
ðβűһԹԺȻǡ
ǣС㡣
ĺ˫ȷ߳ңһϣ˾ѵ̱ڵϡ
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ΪūֻҪ˼һ仰
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һµʱת۹ȥպĳӵĵһ£дŸԼȥܼҺլԶһ¥ڶ¥Ҫһż䣬ٴٴ·վڴǰһľɫһ࣬Ȼµһ̧ͷҲܽ¥ķ羰ˡ
㸰ԼΪպקû˺ӣԼҲΣټպĵм価ײܾ̾
˰ΣѰ˸ڣȥԼ
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磬ΪʲôôöĽպСŮ̧̬ᴸؿڣ֪֪Ľҹ˯֪֪
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˵⣬Ȼһһƿ˵ʲô
պıƵһģ˼ײӲסΡ
պĳʹĵһָ߬ţӵָ׷͸İɫⶸȻ
Σ̧ͷʵĿ磬Һۡ

һЩڨڨ߹ȥҲûôһƾ͵
պ§һߣһͷ°ͣһЦƵ粻ϲ𣿡
ϲ̫ϲˡ簮ɧģ
ԣһ䣬ĿĿպĳСӣһ²˲٣֪ûУһơ
˵䣬ǵ˴λá
պɨߵߵЦһϰ΢΢̽⣬ΪǰµֻҪ̧ͷܰ˵Ķס
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ЦţҧպĲʣȢȻȢǸֳֵĳ˹֣ǿܼǮҲŲȢ˶ӣӣҾȢҵĽš
¥µӱ͵ƿͬʱ̽⣬¥


289 ܣһ

ԲСѾĿɿڴĿŶ¥޼ɵв֮µˣ͵СС㣬ǹү
ޣӵĹүܼнŵ׸һԵһڣɫѿ
Ǳ˴ӵŵḾˣһȻ˵顣
Եı飬˫Ȱ˵޳ָ촽һ̧̧֣壬Ҫͣߡ
Ӧһ˦һӣ˻һööķɿ˹ȥ
պɵۡ
ŵĵȥıӰƿ콫˵
ֱ¥´һһľض¶ļʱŶȻæ§ϵ·˿Աߡ
Ѵ룬վڲԶĮĿ
պĵĿһۣеӻ࣬۵һɫʱף硭
Ͻ·ϣ˿ˣˣ߹ȥüСĲԼ¶ڴ⣬΢ӽصһϡ
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ץסպĵ˫磬ҪƿȴĽģڻͷսģϲȥĻܿ챻òһѱ˲Զϡ
Сӣôˣүͳȫ㣬㡭
ţ¸Ǻϧһѳպ£һѣ¶ѩ۵ļպһ磬䡭
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׾ٵպĵѣֳԼѣ齡
պӵĵŷĳԲָ⻮ϣĿš
ܵĽţȴ˿û⵽Ůˣһ˿ı鶼ûС

ͣլſڡ
ŵСæܹȥӷԣЦģĴվһԡ
ϳĳ޶СˣվڵԣС㣬ǵˡ
ӱƿ̽һԲСѾߣ˼ۣһ㶣Сôˣ
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Сæͷַģ⣬Ӭȥһֻ
ֵͷת첽ȥӺųСӣܼҡ

պպĹ
һţͱڹܼҴȥ
ڣһСˣһѾߡ
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үү
Ļû˵꣬СѾ˹ȥһѱסȣһһжΪ˹үү㲻ܼȰ
һڲ˳еĲյҲײϣ˿˲ù̵ĲˮһƿС飬Ī˵ʲôҸһϵûС
ү
С黹ҪܾѾɫѿһϣˣú˵ٸ˵һϻ˰Ͻˡ
СŵӶ˶ڵϳܾؿͷүū澶ˣаٻǹү

СصĿǹүңū澣ūӣū澰Ѻ컨ŵСķУ˵ǡ˵Сĺˣٸūʮӣū澺СС統һӵĶƹ񣬻ū澳ױū澷ļ޸С硭ū澵һ֣ͱֺСץסˣүҰɣҲˡ
ܹѸУ˵ˣҶӣҶûңҺҶϱҶϱĿҵĺӡ
ȥҪС飬ʵһס̫̫ڰ֣Ӳ֪һƲסܹѸ졣
СӣӾ㣡Сߣӣ߹ȥСһƣ֮С𼸸ָӡޣҪ֣СסС񣬺ˡ
С߷ߵĵСһۣһţŻصСվݺݵĶ
˵ܹѸסͣ类СһĵξˣңʲôңԴպģŮЩˣֻպÿڴ϶ܸһ飬ֻպһŮˣ
Īǡ
պԼĺûˣᣬ뷨ҲҪĺûˣ
ԽԽܣаպǸʡĵġ
ȴ¶ֺװɵ㶵ңʲôң
̧ͷܾ˱Ŀ⣬һ޹Ľ͵Ե֪ٴУϲĺ޲ժϵ͸ӣôңοСҲûǮѾ߲֪˭ĹƻҸӵĹϵҺĸ޺õĹϵʵĿ
Сһĵĵ˵Ϲſھ˵ʲôһץס
СɫĿ˼Ц๫Ȼ˵ģǿ϶ȥ˰ɡ
ڰ֣ǰҪСȥ
СŵزߣС㣬ū澾ʵǹүū澣ūҪ㸹еСүūû˵ѡС磬С磬Ҳ֪ģҸС飬С硭
СС˷ɿһߣ¶ûϵʲô֪
С鲻ŵĵСˣӲקȥ


290 ˭

ܾ̫̫һۣɨһۣ˦뿪˻
̫̫ϧŮ֣ҲѾˡ
ŵĻһʱֻʣСլˡ
ܹѸ̫̫ıӰһڽӵڨڨ
ߣС˹ϥеСǰͿͷС㣬ūĲ֪СµЩ£ūֻЩβȴ϶û⺦˵˼
֣ȴͷԷɵˣһպѣҲ侮ʯѰӣСһ˰ɡС㵭
Сɫף˲̱ڵϡ
ɨһۣͷԭׯϵļӣ㲻ãļҲˣūѰ׵ӣһˡ
Сһ㲻ᣬַСأԳ˻ȥ
ֽСȥСȴͻȻС㣬С˵ģǸգպģڳ˸լӣǰʱҲӡ
˵˵˺졭ܹѸ˹ȥҪ֣Сһƿ˵һײһԵ̫ʦνϣ̫ʦײ浹ȥԼͷҲײһࡣ
ܹѸ۵˻һūţˣˣȥѼӹݣһӶڿɽȥ
Сɫһ䣬Ťͷȥ֣֣ū֪ˣūȻ֪ȴûӰ
ֿһۣüͷ֪գαص
ְڰ֣˽ȥ
С˻˻У֣ū˵Ķģҽպģֽȥլһ֪ū˵Ǽˡ
һڨЦֱ⹷ūź
ޱĿһۣ䵭үҼţнʳǵĸ˭ġ
ɫһɫ˼䣬̵ܽĵͷַģ֪ô
ֱ㲻ٶ໰̧ų˻ȥСҡ

ܹѸСԺӣһȥתԺŹϡ
һǰһݣܹѸſڣզ¶պǸӷ˲ɣϱĿҵĺӣܼѪҺϵĺӣС˸Żĺ뺦ˡ
ĺûˡ
ܹѸѻ˵꣬ڴ
ܹѸһ㶣ɶɶ˼
𿪣ϵ˼ĺӵˣˣûˡ
ɶɶզûˣǶȵզ˵ûûˣܹѸһѾסѣҪ˵ס
ͷܹѸ֣һƨϣｫľ˵ˣĩΪԼǿһ䣬˵˵Ļҿ϶ҪȰһģ˭֪ôȥˡ
ˣǿĶӰܹѸһĴ첲ϣ۵ŤˣҲùĺӡ
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ܹѸƵһߣɫѿֲǹģ֪ԼӲ֪ϧ˵ĺݻԼĺӶסֵ˭
ܹѸָһؿڣۡ
ѹպĵʱĵģԭôһ
ܹѸ۵İӹͣ׻ôŻοģСӣӻָĺأ˶ñ׼ܸӡ
ܹѸպģ۵Ľ
ӵͷײٱֻݴ˼˵ԼӪҲЩǮģúסˣɽլ
ͷ
ֻͷܹѸüǲС˻ŵޣϵ檣
ܹѸһۣһ
ܹѸһڣҪСɧˣӶˣ뵱ޣ˭¶¹ܣģﱣ׼ͷһ׼Ӧլӵ檣
ü˵ʲôܹѸȴһվȥ

ûգʮկүǶСϱǣڴռҶĶŮպĸСββΪһӣб۵ġ
ҦƶµǼаĶĺһ˵£ҹýס
Ҧƿ޵ȥ̫̫վլһһҹһ仰ϽǸҪǮȥ
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˹Ժţ̫̫ЩԶ
ʮկڣˮϵպûᣬΪˡ
׼ϳİСӣҹĴ
һû۵ܣһŤͷȴһİӣŵļһӴӴϹȥû˱ڸǣĺۼһ
ϵСĿŤޱģǿ
Щ³һѪ
ĺĽһڵΣ˶ɵۡ
ҸϳȥǣжԶԶԶٽˮ򣡡պĺɤѪ֮ڡ
ĺһۣǺȻæһ˷һȥꡣ
ίı⣬СңҪ
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ĺʹ˸ɫæȥץĸ첲ק⧲ק˳ţʲôû
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ĺҲͷ£㡢Ͻ·ϣС㲻ˣϽߣ
껹˵ʲôպļһ壬塭
ԺɨͥԺӦһպĺŪȥϽŪȥ
С㣬Ҳûءĺ侪һæѴϵıקסպġ
һݣƼվһûѵСӣһæԼ˹ˣСӣСĹ뷿ҲܽģϽߣ
彫קȥպǴĺѴϵĶͬŵı죬ȫһѻոɾ
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Ϣҵ˼˵½ŵС檣˵вٵǮǮ⣬ûǹүһǰġ
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˵ǹүͷεĶС檣С㷭ء˼ҸͲðӽ
˵С檰ǹүȥǹүޡ
˵˵ҲţŮ˰һһףŮҪӣùүȥҪԣҪٺ٣氮

һȺ˺ôЦ
˼վԭغһ̧ͷûмĴţתֱպĵСԺ
ȴ֪뿪ԭأȺ˵ЦС˾͵ų˷䣬ȥķ򣬶һۣղĹЦ
ϣкϷˡ
Ͻȥүȥ
Ҹȥǽ
Ҳȥߡ
СԶԶ׺󣬿СԺüһȥ˺԰Ӻ԰СԺһǽͷϷ˹ȥСĶݵĴ£Ķ
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պӹһĨ⣬ȴ¶ֺЦŵôͻȻҵˣ
һֱլ׳ţˣҸպøܾѧ˲پ̵ֶΣպýӹ֣ǵú׳׳󡭡Ц㽵
պĵУڴЦЦǺô㡣
ģһúðġƽջĻأȥЩӣҽһ£һȥһ飬죬Ժʽ顭Щϵ£ʱлġ
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˵ĿڸڷӦպڷԼˡ
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պϵЦһЩε磬Ů˵⣬ĿҲŮˣʺ֣ԡ
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ף׵ĺܡһЦ˵ҽ൱ļױһС檵ļױ̫ѿˣǰɣ
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һ䣬˵ޱͺڡ
֪͸ƴŵδ׾˺ӵҲΪլʵܼҵլӣ
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С㣬ǡĺҲЩѹĺۡ
պ̧ƼģЦЦֵģҵˣҲ᲻ǵġǵͷһ졭
С㣬Ҫ⽻үĺȻ
պĬȻƬ̣ͷ֮ǰѰլӣȥѰǰЩϿͻǰӽˣȫ
˵ˣĺͷ
͵ǽС˶䶼˴ϣҲû˵ĸǮׯֻûȥܾ˵ˣܾۺ룬ڹܼҹԸʮʱСԺǼˡ


296 

Сºڹܼȥػ˵պĽȫҷֱϵǮׯǮׯиͬ㣬ھܵꣿ
ڹܼҵͷ
ܾü˰ΣҲû㶮պô⡣
үһô죿
ܾ˳Ĭһڰ֣˰Ϣݸԭƻ¡
ǡڹܼӦˣ˼Ƭֵ̣үǱߡҪҪ
аš

С㣬鶼ˡ
ĺ佫֧ȥԺţ˽ͳѣŹţдŵһƱСӳݸպġ
պĿ˿һŶʮƱݸˣˣҲһЩ֬ˮۡ
ллС㡣ĺ۾һƱл
պ̧̧֣ûб˷ְɣ
СģǸһʱȥһΣҲͷϸ۲û˸ٵġĺȷ
պһЦЦЩƹҲͨˣ
ǣЩƹһ˵һɷָǣ˵Ӧ
ãĲ
պĵɫˣЦſĺһۣҲʮ˰ɣ
ĺһϥū澾µ¼ǡ

պĵһ˲ҲǾҪǵľȣŶľļʮ£ûмǴĻӦʮʮˡ
ʮʮˣǺǡ
С㣿պɫԣĺỽһ
պĻ񣬳ЦЦ㼰ǣҰѰź£СҳլӵŮˣǿȥƹģһңɺã
С㡭ĺɫ죬ߵס
պЦʲôߣд󵱻Ů󵱼ޡ
С㣬˵˵ҲˡĺĶ˶ţתܡ
ŵײ˸
ĺѽһסɫеĽĺһĺĺɫ䣬һƿ˳ȥ
պĸպȫɫ̾ͳȥ
ȴûһƱûԼĿյٵĽƱͷ¡
ȻЦ£ֵ˲ݸ磬ôпչ
һۣЦЦôӭңߡ
ûվͱպ˸Ļ˫ֲĲӣ˫ϥϣźÿСЦһģôӭҰͲҹҹЪĳմһһ㡭
Сӣ˵ıȳĻ֪ģΪжమҡһֽպڻУһĵط̽ȥ
պһ°ͣ磬Ľˣ˵ĶԣڼˣǰţͷôһֱķҲǸ¶罻硭
۾һ
պС鷿ȥ鷿Щ׼õ˲óŵϣϣεεĽЦ磬Щ˲ᣬǰѲļӣǮΣ٣ӯ٣涼мء
ǣպ§뻳Уһ°ͣü֪ʵ
պĳ˸ۣЦҼ磬ԺȻҪڼҺúõӣЩϵϸֲǡǰħˣͨˡ
ȻҵСͨ˾ͺá°ͣݺݵĴһڣЦģһ󣬸Ƕһݻҵ
պ۵ͷϳ
˲ȡպ鷿ֽ˼ơ
飬պĿȥһæʰݣƱŵ˺ӷŵһصĵط

պĵ⣬ÿնպԺһĵľǴ໭໭ٶ໭
պ̫ܳڣȻһƷûȥ²ͳˣҿµΣԭȵľǮˡ
ȴãƷϲһҲϲ໭Ʒ˶࣬׬ǮŸࡣ
˵˼ΣЩպòա
һ£պĸϳͷεĲͼ
óȥȷʵ˸߼ۣЩӵķãպ˵ģ»ԺϵľûԸˣҪµģһ£ĲͼǮӿ˱ˣҪҪʧ
Ȼһʱֵе㽩
ɲɵģһӵƹ˵©죬ͼʵ۸˵˳쭣ƹġ
ƹЦպĵ˽Эһһʮȫ˵ˡ
һˣ˵պҲһ
һ
һţ
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ӣֻˣһ㶣ƽ̹С
պĵͷһֱûлϴ˾ŲʮˣԼĪǽǰǼΡ
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պļþգίĺ۱ͷ
𺣬ЦŽˣˣۿҪˣҵĺӣҾ
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üʲôӣ˵
պΪѵԥţִһ飬Ų鲻ԸĴչȥС˵⡣
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ѪǻҪġ
ȻᣬȴûҪպľȻ
ѵǰܼ˵պͨլѾ߽컨µķе£ģ

պĵ񶼱ˡ
պİ˼䣬뵱꣬Щɱ˲ѪֶοɱݶˣЩǸѧأ


297 С޸Ĳ䣩

ϧᣬЩ͵û˵պίľ죬ᶼҪһ˼Ϊɨ󻼣ҡҡͼʲô
šţһѱסĽˣ⼫á
ܼѪĺӣܼҾûҪļױ
ӵķϣܼԺ󻹵ôϾˣܼҵҲûкӹ
ϸ룬պĵ䶾ȴǸȫ֮ߡ
պŤȸػΣղŹҡ
˻Сӣַˣһ棬һѽպ̧ȥ˴ϡ
պСĺӣȴһ»
ºݺݴ磬죬Ҫǵһ㣬ǧ˺ӣ
ôңԼȥ¡
պ΢죬׺âţȴίҿɲ磬Ҫ²á
˺ˣֻôһ˵ЦǺԺҲǣܼң˵иڣļױܸ˳µ𣿡
պԻɫ鲻Ըĵ˵ͷ

ȵᷢӡ
ܾ̫̫һϢ͸˹Ļһźʹ
̫̫Ž˲Ӵܾˣܾ˲ͷպģĵϱӣһϲ̨Сʲôϱ𣿡
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ܹѸ״æԲϽȥʲôҡ
˵գݺݵպһۣ˾䣬ûɫĶ
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̾һʹ˸ɫ
ĺæǰĺСȰţȻȥɣأһֱôվҲԲ̫̫һūţòã
պֿ۲˵ͷ˸˸ȥ
ܾһ
ڣС̥λЦŸ̫̫˵̫̫ģС̥λأǵڶ̥ȵһ̥
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СЦҡͷŮǰ£õˣԺ󡭡ˡ
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Сͷ
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ֺܿ˹СʹӲǳ룬ŷ¿ӣеۡˡ֡
죬죡̫̫æš
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С˵ֻ۵ͷ󺹵Ŀ̫̫ͷ
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ֺǺǵӣͷ£ĺ󱳣ź³һۣЦűڻȥԱ
һƼǸѵģЦ̧ͷ̫̫СϲϲϲλСү
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ֱŸС㿴һӵݸ֣ȥȥүֶܼһλСү
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ŶһۣȻҵϱĺΪʲô˵ܼҶСү֪ʵĻʣ֪鲻֪ĺá
˽ǮİСʰӣҪлȥϵСһС
̫̫ŵסŮ֣ôˣ
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Űһæлϲļ黰ҪǮƵģֱ˵̫̫Цĺϲ£졣
ܾ˺Ҳ˵ĺܣУͣظͣÿһ¹Ǯ
һʱ䣬լﶼϲġ
ܹѸֵ۾гһ죬СƨɴһǺģȻûһ̥̥ϣĹӴ
ܾ˸ΪһŮԲ
ΪܼѪҺһӸһŮܼԺ˳Լ𣿣
һ뵽ЩױպķЩһȡ
ϲүˣӵү
һЦܾ˺ѣһ߽ˣϽģС꣬飬ȥһ˹Ԫ
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⡢ۿҪѪˣ򣬴أ졢򡭡
ܾɫ䣬һץסߣק̨ףݡ
˽ȥҲȥܾһ۵ɵԭأʲôңúôš
ԼļƻҪʵˣҲܾ˼ƽһʱƬ̡
ܹѸŵֽŶˣӣϱǡǡҪѪˣ
ѹĴǵͷǡ
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дأɶüбܹѸһۣЩ޴룬ѹ˵ûˣ˵Ǻ¡
ڲʱȴǲõû֮Ļ
ʱܾ˪ʹ߳䣬լ˶ҽȥҪʻ
ˣ
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Ǹ˾ҳڳʳº컨ˣϱ𣡡ܾۿ
ΪʲôͷģҾĹӵˣ
ʶѾûˣˡ
Ļܾ˵ױŷɭ⣬ǺЦãҲŹ뺦Ůˣ
û⵽ܾ˻е֣緢ĳȥˡ
լ˺ܿ챻еһһһۡ
ǽӴʳڴڼ˶ϸϸŲһ飬ÿ˶Ҫ˵Լʱʲôû֤֤󣬻е˵ǵ٣ɲϴ塣
ֻʣպߵĺһջѾͷ
ջѾͷŵѪɫҡҽֵǡ̰죬ųûȥ͵һӡү
ܾĿʳЩˣǿ˿
һȺ˶ҡͷ˵û
ջѾͷؿͷӣҽʱƼѹˮĵطϴ۲ˣ۲ҶӶڱϲȵ֦ǻǻСն̥ûʼСүСС㡭ӣ룬֤
⡭ָ룬ջѾͷĿܾ˵˵ͷүѾͷ˵ȷʵûү˵۲ˮȣҾͰ۲۵棬ҶӺЩ۲˷ŵϱʲôҵû⡭
ܾüջѾͷһۣڹܼҰ֣ȥһˣӱʲô
ڹܼȥˣһһӻ۲˺һЩ۲Ҷӣϵȷʵϲȵ֦
ô˵ûˡܾ˵
ջѾͷϲͷūܼҳԵñůͲС㳤꣬ôẦС㣡
ܾһڰ֣æȥѾͷվһߡ
ߵѾߣܾ˿ĺ䣬żֹ졣
ĺ丣үūĺ䣬źѾߡ
Ѿߣܾ˺ǺЦô˵Ůʳº컨ָʹģ
ĺһЩţеķһۣɫһ䣬ݵһۣĺŵһջҡͷū澣ūû
ͷӲˣҰ·򣬴˵ʵΪֹܾƳһۣЦ
һЦĺ󱳳һ亹ͷҲϸϸĺ顣
ĺŵͨһ򵽵ϣүūûǺ컨ū澷Žġ
⻰һڣ͵Ķס̵ֻ̧ͷȥ
ŭʲôûܾ˸ղѾ
Ķˣ²Ķ
ܾ˿ֻ˵ǳʳ˭컨ģ˰澸סҹ
ҡҡĺͻȻ˹ȥסүүȾңСģūûйϵȾū澣ū澲
һƬȻ
ɫȻһףӦһŽĺߵһߣ˶˭º컨ģԼҵĴɣģ߼޻
תͷӹڵϣһȻˣȼ澹Ҳɣıӣˡ
˵ûй㡭֤ݣү֤ݣǺ컨ûз꣬ʣµĻҼСķȥѡĻһڣ
ܾ˿һۣŶһڹټңȥѣѵͬԺǸ˸һܼҪŻ


298 루һ

ˣʳʲôˣϽȥҹͻȻĺĻ
ܾۿô֪Ǻʳ
⡭һ٣δ˼ǷҧһڰˣǧҪĺƻ󡭡
ǲǺһ㼱ʲôܾЦЦֽ̧ڹܼҹȥٽӵСԺϸһ飬Ƿ컨ͰѿԺλһ
ڹܼҵͷӦȥˡ
һЩĿĺıӰ޲һӽ˸ˡ
ȻѺ컨պĵķլĻ
Щص㣬صպһģץУպİô죿
ʹպĲƾĺʲЩҲܾ϶ͬıˣ
ģ
ˣ
ֻܼϣǺ컨պķֶ˻ת˵ط
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죬ܾ£ڨڨһЦһֶû˵
պ׺ȴһܾԩίģүûк㣬ûС
ĸ㣿ܾ˽պ´һЦһڽˮҲǸô֪ܵãǡ治á
պĵɫȻһ䣬ķ·ܵγˮ
ܾȴٿĿڱһӳŹڵϵĺϣ̧ڹܼңҵˣ
ҵˡڹܼҽһֽݹȥױϻײ㣬һѹš
ܾ˴򿪣һ컨
ܾһ컨˦պм䣬Ů˭ģ컨˭ģڷ˶٣Ѿͷ˵һ飬ϸϸ˵
Ŀһ
պɫһ䣬ĺ䡣
ĺ䴹ͷСģүͷӦġ
պĵ˲׾𺮳˲ϯĺ䣬ĺ䱻񿴵Ĵ˸£ȴҧС㣬ū澲
ˣͷŭȡ
ܾûˣֻĺ䣬Ĵ󵨵˵լӡ˵㣡
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ܾһ󣬿ǺЦ
ͷ亹˵˵
ʱĺһ£̧ͷպġ
պʶã뿪ںֹĺ۴ҼС˵СĺӲҪūСǰº컨ҪСһʬ
պĵ۾Ȼɴ󣬲ŵĵĺ䣬ĺ䣬˵ʲôʲôʱ򡭡
ĺһŲ
պͻȻӦָ̧ĺ䣬ˣݺңŲҰȥ¥Ժ
Ǹˣ㶼ܼҵˣˡҲүӦӦڹܼҲмɨպһۣһСóݸܾˣүǴҵһƱūȻܼңĶҲܼҵģ͸ûˡ
պɫͬʱˡ
պһƿӣҪ˹ȥСӣһӼ״ȥקסպĵͷȥ
ۣۡſҵӣ׬ӡܵģӻңҪԼ
ܾЦסŲͣԶԭΪŻ磬ܼЩȢŮܼڳԴס÷ûɣһŮĻܼҵУ㡭ȴĹΣ˺ϻһٶ뺦Ůǿ벻̣
ˣҡԩġ
ͼܾͣȴ
Ҹ·һŮ룬ŮļױӶܼңӴްָϵ
Ļһ٣
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ǴӦһ·ƱܾСӣǺһƱŵ㡣
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ܾûǲӦôǾߵڶ·٣ܼŮ⣬Сͼԭ̫̫ûױӣСλ֤֤ڣ̫үܼһĽ
㡢вңŵĶܾˣͻȻӦû¶ԲԣһжƺõĶԲԣ
Ҫô˵ҲûԴ֪պĻһպĶŮ֣Ҿڵһˡܾ˿Ҫ飬ЦЦһյʱ俼ǣʱڹܼңʱ䣬үӦȥ١
ڹܼҵͷǣү
ܾתߣĹԹԽŮӴովֻһۣøϽȥС
ңҲûʲôˡ
ҲҸٸӲӲοСһƱŮļױֵǮˡһպĵĶҲĺӣûŮ̥Ҳжӡ
ֻҪ侲ܷףӦ롣
Ȼ뿪ûһպ˽С룬ҪƱպĵ
ܾˬӦˣպõԼЦŽĺ䷢ȥ¼ĵط
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һԿ飬պĿķչϵãĺ䱳Լ϶Ҳ֪ŭ֮£Ҳһˡ
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ţСҲ˽ȥڹܼɫѿ˽˸˳ȥ
磬ǰԺӻڣȥǱסɡպıŶӽӵ
ܹѸǺûסǰһ˹ȥ
պļһһȥ


299 ˶ҵĻҪʲôױ

պģ
ɫһ䣬æֽסպɫףµıŶӣ磬ӡǵĺӡ
û¡һ䣬̧ܹѸ
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ܹѸŷӦԼʲôڨڨһЦҡҡﲻǹģǿֵģ˳ۡ
˳۶㿴˭˳ۣ˳˳ۣﻳĿ㳯˼ĺӣ
ĺһɤӣŤͷպľߡ
ܹѸίĶ˶ţպһڣҪСߥޣһһŮڻˣĻܶӵ
Ľų̿죬պĸЩûһһһŶӲˡ
磬ҡҶۡ
קѣһСһ𣬿ȥܵӡ
һôˣǲǶ̥
պĵͷǷլ
ȥպķһԣ첽ǰȥ
ܹѸպıŶӣƲƲ죬˵뵽Լӣ̣û˵
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ܹѸ͵İθߣһʮķ⣿ԺӲ𣿡
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ܹѸɫ̳ȥĿһۣһһ죬Ѿȫˣ˭źҡ
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լģļױԺΣļױģ˭ҲߣӾͲһˡ
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˵ţڵϿͷľæԷֿˣүǸˣʹûҵĵģҲܼһܼҵá
ЦˣҼλСүССĸ׽̵󣬲ʲôӣʵ붼¡
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ܾǸ˶
ûգӣרλӵ⣬˵⻹ͦá
Ʋ죬ô׬Ǯ


300 ˷粨һ

ôġ
û̱̫ʦϣŶȣһһεģ¹һЦ֪֪Ǿ仰ô˵ģ
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ˮϰգ߶Ĺ๫ѡļүǸʱ򣬷ſ츳ֱ˷ָ
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Ϥˣ֪ʵһ㶼û紫ôаƭƭ˵ȿȡ
ɨ˵ľȣֵ·ɵӣžУٺЦЦԽˤԽҡ
һ㶣Ӧе˼üҲЦˡ
ļ̌ƼɵЦģЦҡҡͷĴүôҳȥôջ𣿡
ִ̧˸ָģ簲źˣ׼ͭ嶼ס
Щ˷ܵգգۣɨһۣ˻ζȣʱǾ֪ˡ
£
ЩÿμһٵǸôˡ
бҪоС书򲻹ܽһĸо

պĺóеЦеĳ˱ȭƽֵģү̫̫ൣԺʲôҪģң´ΡһλŻݡ
Цһбˣңǿǲȥˡһٿʲôһм۵ģǿɳԲ
ү⻰˵ģ˭֪λķˮ˵ļҵӶڴ̫̫Ĳͼ߼۹أⲻǶһӣλɾˡ
պۿ˿ڳһۣ磬ȥпլԺֻĳ̸⣬ҲҪС˸ţ·ݴˣҲҪһź򣬻ҲҪһˡ
̫̫Ҫˣ̾ϲˣմӾһˣڴźѾߡӣغãֽżָɾү̫̫ȥѡ
ЦЦĿˣպҲûһȥĴ㡣
ȴһҲΣϵЦݷˣλȥѡǲãԺٲλλǾúãѡ͸ү̫̫ү̫̫Σ

ӳѾӣǽ̺õĹһ˵ҲöʮʮǰլӶһһ롣
պĶһۣպ˵ͷ
Ĭ˸˵ǰͷ·˴УһУȲʮ˳ЦеĽܣǰһŶС㡢үźһȡѾߣȵģү̫̫ƣûп۵ġ
ӣǿһȥ۾ͻȻһһѾߵϡ
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պĿָǼ׵ĹâЦǼ˵ϵǸüм̬Ѿ޳ˡǣҺһһѾߣһȵľˣܶҪһȵģǮô࣬һаﲻϴæɲ˷ˡ
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պ߬һ
˴ȥϴ裬ɾѣȥ̫̫Ժӡ
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һЩĿҪ㣬ȥ鷿ˡ
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301 ĺĻ

ܹѸɫѿ˵ĽˣϽߣҾԿۣߡ
պվߡ
СĵȵܼС㣡Ҳ֪Ҷʲôаƫˡ
ܹѸһ²ۣһ߽Լʣµ˸ȥ׷պģúẓ́ɻҵĽҪһأҰǵƤ
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ĶЩպЦŲ豭ݸɡ
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˵գҲպİ׵ֽɫӵź뿪˷䡣
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ˣҪ๫˵Ҫ㻭ͼά⣬Ǻǡ
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İ٣Ƿ˰٣ү׼ٽ輸գķԸ⻹ǮƢİˡ
ĸʿˮĬĬһˣҧڣҽվȥңʱǰһϣ
˶һۣΪ׵˴һӣɣһκǾͿһأʱˣǸڲƭǡ
Цһ٣ɱڵĿɱĲ
߶ķˣ̱̫ʦϣ๫Щˡʲô
׶񣬲ʲôƲ硣
ڵĴûһۣŲɿĳպĵԺӱȥңڴϱĿպҡѣ죬̻ͷͼȥ˻ӡ
պĿһۣͷܣҲҪ𴲡
ʲôʱˣ㻹ˣƢûĵĺȵϽͼҪǲʱϳԺ޼ҿɹ飬͸ϽͼȻլӱסҲס
ʲôˣ
Щ飬պĵɫ
Щѿվһ仰˵Ͻûʱˡ
תҪߣպôߣһקסӣѻ˵
ûұ˶ķ¿Ƿһǧ˰ӣ֡
պɵڵ


303 һҹصǰĸ

Ƭ̺͵˹ȥĴֵطôܽ裿ôȥֵطӣ뺦һ𣿡
⧲պһƴ򵽺ϣһѽպƻشȥʲôʱˣ㻹ʱȥ׷ЩϽͼͼȥӱסǵլӺӲ
Ҳ
˵ʲôɴۡ
պĵڴϣͷңɫƣǿĿ˵Ҳ
ɫ䣬뼲ɫɿպ⣬ҧҧһĨЦĽûӺլӣסĶѲʮկЩ˵ɫ
պĲΪ
䣬ȴòóеļȰ֪ںίˣģ½ˣ̰Ѻ䷢ˣֻǡﵽ׻ҵĺӣԺҲˣʱȥĸӽ͵ģòã
պЦһһ˫Ŀõҵʱ֪ˣ֪ˣǼҵʱĶ
ǣĲǣ˰籣֤ԺֻһŮˣòãǿѹĵ׵ŭȰ
պһҪһҲԣҪӦ
ʲô˵ü
һ˵ģ˺ӾӼ¾ġ
ͷûպԺˣܵкɡ
ڶҪӿԣȢƽʲôģֻͨѾͷͨһ˺ӣҪ£ӵĸͨͨԺ˭𡣡
պĽԸͨ͸ܲŮˣҪܵסЩŮ˿ź޵ĵλֻҪޣЩٻģ
üҲͷ
½Ҫеһ䵱ޣ
һõĻһϢҲ٣㹻֬ˮۺһЩˡ
Ҫӣ϶Ӧһӣǿеġ
պĻûΪԼȡױֹؼʱ̣ɫѿˣͷպľͲɿڣӡլԺɿڻͼ֮䣬ԥаӣŵͷãҴӦ㡣
պĵ£ϢҲңܱʲô䲻Ҫá
ͷӦպĳһĺԼϴ£ֳ˷ֽ̿׼ñīʼЩھеͷ
ЩͼֽǰԼһףףǧͼֽ˳ȥѰҡ
ȴûϸȥ룬Щ˼Ȼ˹һպĵĻ˸˵ͼֽôٳ߼
˵Ŀڸǰ̼ң˼ҲԸҪ
ôȥƣǸͼֽǷݿҪƯÿĶ࣬ҲŶ
˵ͨҧҧ뽵˼Ұ֣Ƕ̼ң˺ĺúõģĸʲôҪҪ
ϳӣȥͼֽս̫һĺ
ֱɽɫ׺Ȼһͼֽûȥ
ȵССĵĻ࿴˶ԷһۣһĻ˵޲Ų
ĻլӣܹѸպţһֱݵţƼ˹ȥʣզӻ˰ɡ
εһСæǰס
ӲܹѸСˣСҡͷһͼֽûȥЩ̼Һõģһҧҵµĺ󣬶ԷȱͼֺֽãүǶҪ
ǡǡܹѸ˴ǡЩ˻᲻ǵլӺߣ
ʲôл᲻᣿
ٷ֮٣ᣡ
С˶һۣԸվڷХ⣬վů͵ﰭۡ
ǰˢڸУ׼ͻᱻһΣһ˭֪ȥĶ
պûվһһεͻȻЩջլӺҲ
ЩдҲԼ֣û˾ûˡ
ͷ׬ˣֻһΣҪдԼˣ
̴ĺãϧԴ֮Ļڽˮ򳹵ȥˣ˼ҶûҪˣתͷԴǶʱ䵽ʲôЩ̼ҵ˳ף˴һܣΪͷԽԽ٣ƶް°ʼɼһճ
Ǻ󻰣Ҳᡣ
ҳﲻӣķʱˣֻլԺӵ֡
լԺ˰˰Щһһǧ
ЩֻʰһЩͽһլԺ
ִ䣬һСһƵ·ߵѩһѩࡣ
ϣƥģٸ½ϻӲ㣡
һȺ˵һ˵˴ţЦ
ܹѸֱǲ˻˰
磬·ʪˣѰջϴˮ裬һ·ɣպķ
ɫѿӦˣһ˲Ŀջߡ
˶һң֪Լӱһε³ˣȴΪǵ߬ţֻܸߡ
ڶգ˴żȥУʱʮһʱĨȥӣӴǵĻǸЦеˣԭȴЦɲһԭ˻лͷôܵ׬Ǯǣ
ô˵һҧʮۡ
ûκΣĸѾߣһȵʮȵʮһ˸˸ʮǰѸϳĸ
һһʮ
ǰЩȴǵȫҵ
ЩӣһһСլԺһס˽ȥ
գպȥϲȴż˵Цľȣ۾ʱͺˡ


304 ľȣ㺦ң

ʱССմһҪӵľӭϡ
СЦŸ񣬡
С㡣
СЦе񣬡տˣҼС˵ȥѰ˵ѾӣҪʴҵ
ԣСпգտʱȥܼҰôæСҪȻȫ㡣
ССһۣЦľҳԹҵ￴ˣƽҪһ۶ҪŶӣ˿Цá
￴ԼӻҪŶӵĻ̫ǿľ̲סЦ
ҲЦ
歹˹ǣ¶ЦľȵʱסҿһȦЦǰͷ䣬ǰиݣȥģ
СЦҡͷҸСҪȥׯһЩϸ沼СѣͲˡ
˾ҪֵͻȻбһˡ
ľȣ
һȺ˶ͣ½Ųĵطȥ
˭ʱ˵ɫ
С˳С䣬ѹС㣬
Сһ
歼ûƬԥ͵ľǰۿպģʲô
ʲô
⻰ʵĺá
պĳһ̻û뵽Լסľʲô˶ͻȻЦˣʲôȻǿЦôá
ƾʲôڻӣ˺ӣӵŮһԿ
һйԼһǰ̫̫ùıҲŶԡ
ƾʲôȴ
̡
ľȣôңǲǺܵ⣿պҧ
ľüͷһĺòãҺθɣ
˼ֱĪҼҹûйϵˣ䲻ʲôȡ𣿡Цһվԣպĸľ⡣
պĿ正ЦһôҾž󷨶Сĳľߵһ澡
պĵĻû˵꣬Ͼͱһơ
һס̧ͷͿľԼָ
ľȣң
ļ̌˫΢УǰҴˣٲɲҲ̽㡭ú˵
֣߬߬պģպԼΪʲôԥôһ˲ûж֣
˵˲˵ʲô᲻֪㲻ǳŰһĹ󷨲ų־һҵ𣿣һ˶ֵܵùһӾ˲֪㵱Ҳ֪𣿣
պЦ£㱻ƭˣҪж£
⣡³ЦЦûҪұһжԸģҲ֪ʲôط֪ǰҵ£һ˵ˣǰһ˾͵ֵùһӾԣ𷸵ǰ򡭡
ٺЦպ˲˵ɫͷˬһѡ
ãѹУűܱȴԲôĸоǡͦˬģ
պĺݺݵ˰һۣת正歱㣬Ҳľ֪ǡ
պģͻȻۿѾүңҵŮȻҲҵŮҲı㣡
պһȻ֪£ѿڵ˵ʲô
ľҲЩȵĿȥϱһ£Ҳ֪
뵽ŵţľȵüͷ
歽ظһߣȻ˵ȰִҪ޸͸뵽ʲôԼµծԼԼȽǷģ
ǷңǷҵģ
ֻҪ뵽Щٻպĵľ۵ģķչһ·ѹľȣľƭת׸֮λӲھˣ
أˣ̰ƺɫݣǸ
һжǰľ͡
ϸûģ
һᡣ
Цħˣ˵ǷҲǷȽģ
ǷʲôеһжǰͣҪ˵պĵһͣľȣٿС㣬ͻȻӦָľȵԲԣ
ִָָŲҶצӣ
ʲô˶ʲôպĵͻȻĿţֻδ䣬ͱһȷڵϣһŲؿڡ
պģ˵һ֣Ҫһɱ
պıĽͷЦЦᶼ正Ҳױã֪֪ľʲôܼͨҺǩܼΪ檣ұٰ裡ҶԼ⣬
ľȣ˫Ѫ죬ⷭڣ캧ſھܽľɣ촽ĺⱻҧƣѪζֱڱǣȴֺδ죬ֻ˺ҧľȣʧȥ˵ڶӣⱲӶ˺ˣ
˵ЩĮȻ䵭ľȣľȣ㺦ң
Χ۵ĳԹȺһƬȻľȵĿⶼˡ
ۣŹﳤͦƯģôôݶ
˭˵ǣСϱһӲ˰ǿ
꣬С

˵˵ʲôЦǰһӸµĿ˵Ҽҹﺦ㣬֤Ƥһžા˵ܻҼҹĴǲ֪ˣ浱ҼҹĳݶĶأ
˵꣬ǰ˵ҹĳݶ·ˣָЩҼҹʱ֪𣿱˵ʲôʲôͷǿԴǰ𣿻װĶǽ
˶һۣǵͨ죬ȴ˵ĻֻڨڨЦ


305 ع⣨

Χôһ˵ɵĿպϡ
ºǺЦŲװĿǴһǰĸ֣ȰҼҹδٰλСĳ谮ȥˣĲˣҼҹλСˣǡŮ޵ˡ
иͻȻ˾䣬˲Ҫ޵У
ΧʱһźȻһЦ
¼ĿĴﵽþգתЦеĻصľߣǻȥɣˣ۾ˣĻĽȥЩÿΡ
ľһСԵͷʾ⣬正תҪߡ
Χ۵˲óһ·
պͻȻЦľȣ𣿡
ľȽŲһ٣ͷպģתߵպߣյߵ˵мû˵ǸĺǱˣ¸Сĺ컨һ͸ңԣǸвô쾻ŶˣһƱҲĺҵģôһǲȫĺɰպģˣŵĸоôˬˬ
ӵվ˫պĵɵļҪӣĺ޲ýҵı飬ǹ˹ǰ˵ȻϲУҾͳȫǣպģ·ԼѡģȻѡˣܶԴҲüȥ
ΪǾԣԲĻģ
˵Ҫȫǵģ
ȫǡ
һһһһ˫ˣమɱġ
Թ£
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պľԽһһһġ
֣պĽӲ̱ڵϣתߵߣ΢΢һЦ߰ɡ
歿۾ķ·˵պģĮתͷ˵ĽŲ
СҲС㳯Զȥ
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һͷˮĿܵľȸǰǱȭͨһڵϿͷСĺң죬ʥּˣС
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պĴӶͳʮӶܹѸܹѸϲĽˣպļ䣬˼ȢϱźţҵãȢ˸ڣĻҪź򡭡
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·Ҫ˵ľĳҪƴƵġ
ȴһ㶣˵ʲôľȲ
۾ȻԲסպĵļľȲĺӣǻϵŮǲǣǲǣ
ǣǣǸﶼ֪˭Ұ֣Ұ֣ŲǻϵŮ
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պġ
ΣͻȻ֣һƺݺպĵϣպȵһģվӡ
ˣ㣬㣡㹴ңȽͲףףҾ๫
ͻȻӦ뵽ԼֿɵõĶ۵һһġ
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306 𣿣һ

ˣɱ㡭
պĵĳЦĵ׵ĺڱӿĺˣ
պĲӵ΢΢ͷͻͻðպıͨ죬ƴĴ֣֡ȿȡ
һԿֵĺоէ֣źۼĵŽŲ˻˷䣬ŷ͵Ķ
Թԣ⿴˹ŵպĸɣ
պĶԽңϵҲԽ˾塣
ɱɱң㡢㡭Ҳˡȿȡš֡
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ĴĶɫҲЩԾˣȴȲޣĲʹ˻Σպģװ
պĴȱ۷쿴۳һЦﲻ岻Ĺһ䡣
ѹľȲҪ㣬á
ӣӣɶأ㡭˻
ܹѸƼѹպϣպļҸŮĻͼպĺϢڵϣԼĲӡ
ŵĽһӣ˹ȥק֣ӣɱҪģ֣֣
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ܹѸ̿ˮŶӸ첲ֽ˽
ӣ㡭ûбϢ˼Ҳ˵û𣿡
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˵ЩЪ˹һҪպĹңҪߥȢᣬҪǡδδ๫ҪʲôٻûС
˵棬Ȧˣ۵ġ
ǹ¶ĸԼ޳Щ꣬СƴŬ飬Ϊľһͷأ˵أ
ΪôˣܼҸ˳
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ˣ
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⻰һɫʱˡ
վһĮȻĿߴպĵܹѸҲǰһקסպĵӣպ仰˵ĺãȽôϲ㣬̬ŵһЩ˵ܰүͷ̻¶˵С°
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̲סĵ׿ЦȥɣȥɣȲҪľôˣ
ԣԣҵ͸ͷʲôֻҪָܻŹһܿϾ˵Ϲ١һȭͷһģô죡ҵѡһġ
ܹѸͻȻպһţϽҶѡ
պڵϲ
ĿպһۣװʲôϽ
Ҷۣȫڹúҡ۵ĺܣźαСˡ
תߣ˿û˼죬պһֱڵӳԲԵ
ܹѸƲ죬Ͻڵȥ
պȴۣڱĵϣĿ
ܹѸ߶˶Է磬һɢ

Ϊһۣ˼ܼʱõĴ멣żһȥѰ˸ɹӣһУڻȥѰľȡ
ѰľȼҪЦ
ʲôʦ
߿ˣΪԼľȹ˹һƬ⳰
۾ľȵɫ󵨲²˼֪㳤ݣ㣿ġ
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Ҹһȥ˳ĸȥһûôûûƤˣúúóʶţһһѧ
ľգգۣ
ʵҲȥһۣ֪ĳʱǸʲôģ
ʱſڵŵС׽λС磬ҹԭδҪҪһ棬ҽȥɡ
㻹˪ģˣһ޶𣬼֮Ƴա


307 Ű

һڨЦŽһ㡣
ǡ˭㣿ɫѿϣۿﲻӭ㣬Լҽش
üͷ壬һȴԳֲãЦ㣬ҪȽܲܡ
ǰһеĳžһżǰָ
ŵľһ𺣬ôǸʲôҪȽûȨͰɣ
ѽƤġ´̽ͷ⣬ָ°ͣҴһյ歶ߵôһŮͿӵģŮ˴Ϲģ
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ĺǺЦãã㲻ԼṦ۸һʲô£
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ջرӣĿ
ŭɶ正㲻Ҫ̫֣Ƚδ򡭡
ž
⻰˵ҲĻţЦСáøԼĺӶûѧ飬㿼ϸСž͵Σһ߸պľϣһ߸ܼС鶼ȥ˰ɣ
һԲ䣬ǰδ򣡡
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δ䣬ڶȻɳһˣδأֱǰ̧ơ
Ҫһ̧ͷˣӿϲ֮ɫ
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˭Ҽſҫұ㣿ľƴ꣬תߵߣӹеĳޣһһ޵ĳ̨ϡ
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歱㣬ľֻԼĵˣϸһ룬Ȣպģһ㣬һû
үѾСˣպĲұãʵӽ飿歴յľȸǰȽ

ž
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ľüҵҲܽеģг
䣬гӦɳһֻЬЬơ
ʹĵͺһվ̨֮ϣһźɫխȹŮӣƴǼԲССӣҴСԲĶһ˫ӳǳ貶Ŀ˲ֱӡ
һʱȽ硭
ҼҹһҾ˫ȥι»˻δ۵Ŀ
ľȾӸµĿϺεĳڿҪңҳˣ˵ɣʲô
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⻰˵Ƕġ
ľĪ뵽ǰ˵ıѣؿһθ
ԣ˵պһ㣬Ϲˣܼһ㣬˳ˮܼңʲôµǱ˵Ĵһûǰɣ
Ƚ㡭˵ĶʵҪһ޹ȴľһӶĿһۣв˲Żϻ
䣬תߡ
һ㶣ۼľȾҪլԺæȽδһķϣ̫үָҵŹɣұ֤Ժδ޵ڶ˭Ҳ˵
ľȽŲһ٣תͷЦвң
˷ӦæҡͷǣָֻŹ
ˡľլԺɳӰС㡣
ļ̌ճ޵֣յȥã̫ү˵˵ģͼ˽լζӣ̫үŴ
ǡ
ŶСľ룬㵵飬ЦѤöĿٳլԺǰߡﴫҲϢ̫үܲμӿƿʱӸʮꡭ
⻰һȻ䣬ľȣң
ΪʲôңľȺЦĿǳ׷Ӵ˵Ӹʮ꣬Ҿɱ㣬Ҳû˸˵Ĳԡ
˵Ȼһ
ɫһף󱳴ܹһ⡣
պߥİɣ֪Ҳɫҳ飬ǡۡ㣡ľȳĿҧĺء
˲е˼ɫ࣬ѿˡ


308 ǣʥ⣨

Ʒǰ͹٣ߣ
鱯ߣײηӿľȡ

ǰסĿ⣬ܺ죬ܺպģٸҳȽһΣҵıӾͲǳļͷԴϣ
¸Ų䣬һŮˣתһ֮ǰǵве𣡡
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ƷȷԶתȥŵСˣٿˣȥѰǡ

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ܷЦһڲ裬ֲˣôҸǰҲˣȽԹңԺҿɲˡ
˸һľλá
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ܷ˽ߣЦǱǺա
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ľȿŲܷϧĵĳӦһá
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ȥӸϼǷ˻ɡ
ڲܷ˵Ѻܺ΢ܴ
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ȻªûʲôҪĿˣ˾޶ǲܷһ˼ˣڸеһ䣬
ܷ˿ʢװľȣοۡ
ԥ˺ܾãתؼӵ¶ģȽ׼ʲôʱʢĵۿ·㣿
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ĸ
ľȱǼ΢΢ᣬĸжˡ
ӵĵطԱܿȴΪϧա
ܷЦͷúӣĸڣ򱱺Žңҵǻ˭û¹ֶ̫ŮҲа취ưͳԻп˵
ľһ㶣Ӧܷ˻е˼ڵһ¾ͺˡ
ĸ
ܷ˹Цôϲ˵㼰Ǿ򱱺ӳ׵𣿡
ʢĵۻ֪ҵʵݣ֪ŮҸɽ𣿡ľ΢΢ü
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֪ȽҵŮ
ܷϵЦҲ̾һˡ
ͻȻ
ƿ߽Цŵܷˣļ̫̫ˡ
ĸŮһۣЩĪ
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ļ̫̫æҡ
ܷЦ£Ըлܵ𡣡
ļ̫̫Ƿˣ̧ͷۻܷľȻ⣬ȥļ̫̫ŴӻóһţүҹúţүŽź󣬸ظţҼң̾ܽߡ
ļ̫̫أľܷҲء


309 б䣨һ

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ܷ˼䣬ĲɸһȽǾ£
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ô
˱ۣһøܷˣĸ̫̫ȥ鷿дš
ʲô
ܷ˽ţһ۾Ϳݣֻһۣ̲סһ
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ԣܺ浽ʲô˽ɫҲûѯʡ
ܷ˺ȻĿݣֻֽű
߻ӣʺʧˤ԰ıʱѾûϢ
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˰ıλĻģﲻ
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ľȽԼ鷿һʱдһţļ̫̫ļ̫̫һĻû˵ǡ
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գһ綯
á
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½㣬ǽĶʰôˣľȲʡ
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ıʲôֻʢĵԼ֪ˡ
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ҪѸصĿһ飬һļƻ֧ƽͲ׬ǮеʵźһˣЩҪʱ䣬һҪæذˡ
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ļҸӣȥǰԺͷϢľҡҡЩҵԴð¶ˮϴ˸ˮСһϵ㲣Цȥ޽ķ䡣
ԻԺӣռСһϿζϰ֡ѧϰ黭ϣΪæ̫Ǹľޱ޽Ӿˣ޽һͬ˯
СȵĿľͩûȥڿһǷһ飬ʱ̧ͷˣĶˡ
ľȽȥʱպ̧ͷһƼӿЦݣ¿񣬡
޽뻨Сͬʱ̧ͷ޽Ц˹ȥ㡣
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ľ̾һոʰôĶСÿ϶֪˵ġ
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Ҳȥ޽ͷ۾Щ졣
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ǡ޽̧ͷˮľȣ۵һ˳ʵҡҡ᲻㡭


310 

ľĵһǼ΢΢ɬ޽§뻳УҲ᲻޽һͬòã
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˵꣬Ŀľȣ㣬㡭ɲܰˡ
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ͷ歽˵Ķԣǲ޽ʮկȥկүչˣ޽µġ
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СҪҪĸһ࣬Ҫ֪Լʲôú
УӽнԶЩ˸ɴųһ·˳ţۼƲ˲תȥ˽ֵ˵š
պһ类ܹѸˣľȳеĹ̿˸һʵ۾ˣ
ƾʲôľĳȴֻһҰã
ƾʲôľļңķˮ𣬶ôŬȴôң
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ƾʲô
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ģ
Ϊ˻ľȴΣ֮أ
޲ȥ
ƾʲô
үôƽ
պĺ޵ݿ죬ָĸ֨֨졣
ֺޣȻججصСԺʱûˣҪתȥʱѱƶܹѸ֣һŵӿտյģ̴㻹֪ҡβͶҿģܸɶ²˵
û緹ҶѾ˺üˡĺܰ߳ŶӣһܹѸ˵һƵĿպЦ
ܹѸһ˼ȸɲܶĴӡ


311 պķ裨һ

311պķ
պޱĿһۣתߡ
վſڣżϣŶЦһ˼û㣬ƣء
ܹѸҲƼպĵأôһЦŭڵһ¾
պģվסˣֻ˸˹һ궼ûˡһ㼸ˣҸ㣬򲻻Ҳ»ˣɥǡµĸ
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СӣѾеĽֵЩãȻĿŴϾЩֵȺ
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һǳԷͿװ
պһޱߡ
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һ״붪˱סԼĶӣҵĶӡӡ۰
ܹѸһҳ˳Ƽſڵɨ㣬˹ȥץͷĳպϴȥˣʲô֣仳ҵĺӣҰѺôţҾҶ㣡µĸ֡
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ҵĶӺۡ۰
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ܹѸ˼䰢ӷ𣬿ŴҩȥץҩæİҪ˶˸ȣźҩɫˣڴһ̱ڴߡ
պĽ·úã˷ҲˣԼ˷Լԣճ극ˢˡ
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պû̧ŻԼݡ
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317 幬ĸ

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318 Ѳ⣨

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319 ˣһ

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320 ˮ1

ľû˵ԭһ
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ϣС׶ܴ󽫾Ͻ飬ҪϽս˽°ͨȡ衣ܴ󽫾ҪϽҪҪ
Ҫʲô˵ʢĵ۳һⷺűɱֱֱҵӪϡ
Сͷ͵˵ϣصĿϣܴ󽫾Ͻ˴Э飬ܴ󽫾ҪϽҪҪй


321 ˮ2һ

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㹻һɱΪ˹ֱıͽԵϳžټΪ˴ƽϽĴ󽫾֪û˽ͨϽֻҪһĸۡ飬˿һ㶼£ϳּȥ鳭ܼң
ةӪԱ۾˷뼤ĿӪˡ
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ǹԱɿ׷ȥ
ǲǴӦϺү鳭ܼˣ
ǰԱֵүҲ˵˺𣿡
ة磬Աܵĸү
ȥǵˡˣ֪ͨȥ糯ʱŲҪ䣬ة߳ʮ⡣
ԱЩĪͷԣȻүô˵ǿ϶еġ
Աתǰ˼ŷӦҪøة棬תȥةࡣ
һǰһ˹ةԸж϶죬ȥ
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322 ˮ3

˶һۣܰⶼˣ㻹ʲô˼ǰ𣡡
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ҲӦǣ

˱·ֱܼҡ
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ӱ¿ôһ룬ʱҶ£˭Ļߣ


323 ²⣨һ

ӹ˭Ļߣ֮ҵòܼҲЪ˼ٺЦ
ةֻͷͻͻͻð޲һӰԿǴǲǶǽ
Ȼô˻
ԣԣةקסѹŭ
һ㶣ϻŻͱģȴЩֱ㶵ĵة࣬˵ʲô
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Ȼɻȥһۣ˵ᴭģ˵ôʲôҺúһۡ
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ةĥĥҿ˿Ҳȷʵ˵ĳϣѹ壬ʮׯϣٺú˵
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˵Щϻʲôãʧְ߻Ӵˤû𣿡ƲƲ졣
ة࿴һۣϢһǲжˣ
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ةţɵһֻһСĸ֣ʢĵ۵ļƻŵĳĻ̻̣ĺðãøң֮棬
бȥɫΪѿ˳һԣˣĻˣͷҪ
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϶ܼҲɾĺöӿǸܽӴܼҸѲϵŭ
ةǺһЦǾͨɡ


324 ģ

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ʢĵ۷ĽˤϣԬվһԣķ·𲻴ڡ
Ԭ̫̽̽ͷûҽȥ
ʢĵͻȻ˵Ļ߻µ˻˭
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ʲôϵԬ
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Ԭ̧Ԭ̫ͷϺݺ˼£Ԭ̫۵ľһͷһ߶常ۡۡۡ
Сӻ֪ۣһȥԶẰˣԬûԬ̫࣬ʲô֤ݶûУҲҲ²⣬֪֪ЩǴȥʺۣؼԼԼСҲȥ
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ųԬЩ̣ļͷˣԺ˵£֪ĵ֪ĵԼǸӣڹĳá
Ԭ̵̫ܽͷ
Ԭ̾Ϣһҡҡͷת˷䣬ȥѰʢĵ۵Щ顣

ü˲䰲ˡ
һڵˮͻȻ飬˱ڻʱʲôûˡ
·Щ˺ѷΣɱʢĵ۷Ϻû
ܡٹ˲ʢĵ۷ϲϺ󣬱סңҪλиƨð
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ǵ˶ڿЦ
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325 Ϸ˭ᣨ

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ҼһʺǺģºˤˡ߻ӣùõĺЩɡ
ʺҲΣǺģȴ˻£޹ĺӡ
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޹Ҳ֪ҵĻʶ޹ģԣҲ֪ҵĶ޹ģһ߿ӣָ̧ʺ󣬡Լû˶ӣǲҲҪЩ˸һûжӣڻʹĻţʱĸÿÿҸǰ㣬޲ڣʱĸΪҿϧǷΪ˵㳤ƣãǺã
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ʺ۾΢΢죬Ϊʲôǡ˵ɡ
˵ԼǰɣҽôãûԲ£ľ泯ΪУȰԼҲҪڹܳ裬ڹΪûжԲûУͷЦһ˻ߵŭһ߿޵Ĳѡ
ʺҲģҲģҵĻʶ޹ģ޹İ
ʺɣ㱿ǰ֪ҸӲҼʱģǻɻҪ룬ֻûһӣֵܽöڣʧȥһС
ţһޣվϲϷ𣿲ϲϷϷ˭᣿ǾһҶӣǾ֮ҲҪһƤ


326 ɺһ

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£һӱ㴫ʢĵ۵ĶС
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ԬЦӦǣ˳ȥ⻰˰

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ľȺЦĿһĳˡ
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ӱ˴򿪣´һͷñȫʵʵý˷䣬ľ죬ͼ˶ȡͷñüºͣϤһЦȽ
ľȵ۾Ȼɴ󣬲ŵĿˣùã


327 ҹˣ

ʺ
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˾ˣ廹ѰڣȥˣҴϽһȥңҡҴϽòã游ĸĸǶУľЩӵĿү
ү·ڣǼⷺᣬȴӯһͣͷЦЦã˾һתҲ㣬㣬ϽؼһӺúþһۣ
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ϽգһҪС£ӡүŹɽǼȽ㣬ȻҲ㣬Ƚһ·İȫͽˡ
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½šɽһҲ͵ͷ
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ľȿŹɽǸ˾Բڣȥ׷ˣȥ㣬Ӧа취ҵˡ


328 ǳֶΣһ

ɽףȥȥͻء
˷ͷж
ľתԼԺӣǲȥѰ裬Լ˰µݡ
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ǲʢĵӹӵİͻȻʺ£һ⡣
ľҡͷӦòǣԿҸ˾һ̫ͬȲ¶ٵġ
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ｫ˵ˣȻԣɫһµ˵ͷ˾һݡ
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Ļ£ХԺĵ紵ĶᣬмյѾסҡΣ˹
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üͷվԭأ鼸ȱ仯歳˳䣬磬㻹ʲô÷ʢĵ۵ʧ٣ܱȸȽɱ֮Ҫá
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ľһ㶣硭

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ʢĵȴּɣܣż糯϶ЦǸ֪˻ʧ˵ĺˣҲ׵Ժ

󹬣۹
ɹŴžĿٻ⡢ˮ˵ָȥЦЦǺֶΡ
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ƲĻͷɨһۣ̬Ĵͷ̫ãҪҪȥһ߻ǣ˵԰÷ˣ޵ĳŴѩǺÿȥۼ֧廨ƿҲϲ
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ʧԣˡ֣ԶĹŮæСܹסĸ첲ױ̨ǰվߵߣһŽ߷ڵء
ӹһĨֻһ˲ϱŻ֣̿ͷˡū֮ʧˡū澲ġ
ģǾǹඣƺŹ֣ɿŮֵ֣°ͣɱȴֲòŵ죡
һԵĹŮһ㶣۲̧ͷ֣Сǡ
֪û߻ӣ˵ϲڿЦٲãҲǻϵŮˣʲôʱֵһūˣ򣬸ҺݺݵĴ򣡡ɺ޺޵
ģһ׳׳ǰָ̧һơ
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Ҫѩ棬ܽͷֻޣһ𺣬ָŭԵģЦ
ʢĵۣΪ㰲ڱߣʲôҪ
죬ѵ죬ɲ


329 ڻ

ݣ
ѧҲûҪ˿һ˶
ѧģôת󹬣ôŪڹ֮С
ıƣǺǣǾ
ָ̧Ź⣬Ǻ⣬ȥҸСŮţûбҲͰȥ幬Ϸ䣡
һȰֲȰģ
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ЩΪѵĿ֣ССչȥ֣ͷϣȳȥһˣūٰ飬أ
˵ĻͽϷĻֱ֪ıˣһ߹ĺݣһ߹Լ죬֪߻ӸûˣȻ˵ʲôϲֱ·
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̧֣ϺҵĲ˲ʲôûϢ
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ûϵǶԼΣеġ۹Сߡ

вŭ˸ɥӵɣɴܲ˵ĽȥڴѩУ¶۹幬һصʱʹʢĵ۵ĶС
ʢĵϵԬ࣬˵ǹĻģ
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ʥ밡Ϊ߻ӵȥģƫǰ˵ʲôϲϲģ⡭ﲻ߻ӷϣȻǸĸ׵⻰ᷢģοﲻΪ¶ʺֵĲɿ𣿡
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Ϊʢĵۻȴû뵽ʢĵۿûһֱۣ۹
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ֺȻĿԬ࣬ԬԬ
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ȴʢĵ۵ĴЦһūţɱ˾ǣαԬ࣬ӵūž͵ҹ
ֵͫ׾ԬԬȾū澣ūҲΪ
סڣȫΪ𣿡Ԭɫһѹѵ
˲̱ڵء


330 Ů˵ıһ

϶ִˣȻˣһž۾ˡʢĵЦЦԬһ̱ڵص֣ҡҡͷ
죬ȴ度µһֶ˵
Ԭ֣̫ǰһ˼һֻ첲ȥ
˿ϳ۹ʱͻȻſڣҪȣȴ̫ۼֿһסǿקһק˳ȥ
ɢɢѩһ˷磬һѩŰ
Ԭվ£ѩİ칫ĬĬ̾˿
ֲ˵һ֣Ͷһ˵
ʹˣݽ档

ڣʢĵۺƢ§ڴϣĶëѩЦƣ˵ѩ׷꣬һꡣ
üĿ΢ϲŭ
ʢĵü̽ͷȥϵɫô
ŲŲԴ굽ܿ̽ӣﲻˡ
ʢĵ΢΢ü׸ӯֲͣмʵ˵ţһ뵽ʶûˣͺ޲ðĳЩʬΣң
˵˸ʱ˺⣬ʮָ߬ʢĵǰѣԲۺÿָΪİס
ʢĵ۵׵ĲͻʧĽЩĺ󱳣֪ۻʶ޺γֻǣʺϾҵˣ÷ʵ᲻ö֡ίˡ
檲ܣ檲ܣϲǻʺһ˵ɷ򣬻Ҳǳ檵ˣ۸Ϊ檵ôܲΪ檳ͷɾѣԴؿƴҡͷЩ󣬶ʢĵ۵üͷ
ʢĵӹŭ⣬ƿͷ΢΢ɾһﵯͷʢĵۣϣŪ۳ˡ
һδʩӣ۵ĽգƯ٣һ˫ӯˮ涣ˮ繣ִЩίͲʣмĨݺ;
ʢĵ۵˲ˣѵļͷŪˣޣֵֻۣ¾û˷ִ硣
ҡҡͷۿеСȵҡΣգ˼ֽϧ֮ɫ
ʢĵ̾һЩʹ㱨е飬ʺ󡭡㻹ܶ
ϣ檡ءʶĺԩɿ޵滨꣬ǳˡ
뼸СŮԬ࣬ȻĶ˶ٽŲ
Ԭ೯ҡҡͷվԭزҶ
ȴɵǷ𣿿
ȥԬ࣬Ԭûж㳯ͷ
ڵ񣬡ū澼ϡԵˣҪ𣿡
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մ۽µᣬЦŵū澼θڲãǰһҲûθڣ۹ŷǡ˲٣һԣôԽȥһЩȥūӳŲס
˵ۿЩ죬ͷ΢΢ȥ
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ʢĵ΢΢һ٣ŶһǸպõģûֵŷǿϧˡ
֪Ƕ˻ζĺܺãʢĵ۽һС˶ԹˣιɵģͰ͵εĿ˿ȣŻϣ֣ζȥһ
Ӧ˳ȥ
Ԭһۣһ񣬶̶ԼСŮ˵˵ζٸһ롣
СŮ˼ǷһԼˣ
Ԭ˦˦ڿзСŮͷȥ
żȥԬ࿴۹Ȼվԭء
ڣָֻһƢĺȰһίĺɱֻǲһοǻɱҲʡ
Ԭ࣬
ȷٶһʱԶԶľͼԬ೯˰֣ٹȥ
ĿԬָָ̧ңȻĵɴ۾ϱмַ߷֮ɫ
Ԭ൱Ȼ֪ʲô˼Ҹû˶ӣ㰲ο˾Ȼοȥˣǡ
ԬЩεı˷ߣһ߹һĿڽ񡭡
գʢĵ۶Ъ۹Խ衣
йʧҥԲơ
һº۹ٴδеϢ

ͬʱľɽһ·оѵϽ߽磬ȴ󴳽һƬƵɭ֡
ɫõסûмǴĻӦϽʥأҲϽ˿ν֮ء


331 ϹƵأ

331ϹƵ
ԣľɽһۣɽ̧֣ŵͣ
㣬ǲǳʲô⣿ľȵ
·ߣƹƬɭֵģôȥ˽
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ô죿ԭص
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ȥֻĩۿɼٶѸڡ

歵һæԼı˻뱦ȥһʱľȷһڵϡ
Ƚ㡭
Ļֻ˸ͷͺȻĿڵϵĳƤӵûˣ
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ѲҪ歶˶š
һۣа취ġ
СһЩűΧߣҪˣΧֻжֲ嶾ԽԽ࡭Ĵ˿һ򣬴ͷ˹ȥ
ľȿŹɽһЦϽƵ£Ʋʶ˻ڵжԵ
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֪˶ãкȻƿ֮һĽƴӸ߿ո£ľɨʸһٳɽĺɫץסɽ֣һקԼϣ˫ȼнǣ̷ɿ쳯ǰȥ
סٻͷʱеľ̲סͫ׾һ
ɽƥߴͣоֻһ棬ͱǸʲôĺɫˡ
歱ĳһʧˣ
ǷûʶɽקĻָӵĶͻǹɽô˿̹ɽ
ĵ׺Ȼɫ԰ѩ߬ŹɽֲֻŵĻǺµģͣ
ɽס֣û£¡
ŵ̽ľɽΧУĿܺ͸߿ա
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ʲôˣΪʲôԴǵʥأһͷ˳ȥͼһϽΣ¶Ŷ꣬첲˫ŵŮǰ
˽ŵķģգգۣÿЩұһһǲϽˣˣʲôϽʥأ˺İ˽룡


332 ϽŮ

Ůǰ˵Ͻԣ˵ģʵĻõ
ᡣ
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һ죬ȴż׻׻գкùٻ٣̰٣ҵһСȴ죬أǸѵõΪĺù٣֪ҴӦûǵãʮǰڱ߽СΪˣʱǡ
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ԣһЩ㶵ĿϽŮȶ
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Ĵսľȣû뵽Եôð
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ɽɨܣѵĿӹŵˡ
ų˰˰֣ɢȥ
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սһǰա
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ľһ㶣˳ָȥԾĸ֣ƽֱһ˵Ϊˣ
ֻǿϧһù١
ָ˼ջźȻ˴򿪣һͷ׵ߴ̽ͷ迴
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迴ߣչһЦԽ
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ףıǼ΢΢ᣬЦŵҵǸù١
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Ļ䣬ջ˲ƴ꣬ŲɿӵߣӹԺߡ
һ˽˿ջԶһʮɳ۶
վſڿЩ˷ɱȥֱӰ߲Žõ˿ջڵ¡
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ͷæתͷȥԸˣȥյˮЩ˶
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ЩʱǶѾ֪ˡ
ľ룬ʵԽ֪ϽʥŮǺˣ
߿ľһۣѯ衣
һЦ󷽵Ҽҹգʢĵĳǡ
ɫһ䣬üͷһ𣬿ľһۣѻ˵꣬ͽһߣСʵô£ʲôʱ˵ˣˣЩѻڣ⺢ôôԼ
һ֪ˡ
æͣԽûˡҼҵľˣҵԩƽҲ˹ӡҴĸܵͶҵļˣ۲ҼҵļҲݺҵܵܣҲǹˣҵܵܵԣҲ¶ģԺڹߡ
ôһ˵ǡ
˵ʲôˡ
ߺɵĿģ
ͷġ
߿̾һ֮ӿȪ౨ôҲûԺʲô¼ǵ֪Խһ䣬Խûʲô£ҺôмõˣѣжңǽܵҶҪһѵġ
˵ţε̾һԽԲסǡ
æҡͷԽ
Ҫ˵ȴһٵ
ɫһƣ¥ȥ
ǰԽǲŮ˽
۾һߣԽǰ
߽ԻͣҲ¶һĨЦ⣬ȥš


333 䣨һ

ջűһ죬һĸŮһϮˮɫϽŮķΣһͷͷΣ죬¶꣬첲ϲɫģıˣһͱǰ˺ü۾ڿջѲһȦûκͣٵĳ˹ȥ
㣡
ҲЦӵס˹ŮüЦ䣬
ѾͷôôòŻĴĺ󱳣ֽϵЦ֪֪ٲҾͰ㳤ʲôģˣ
⣬βסЦ⣬ҿȶ˵㷿ﻹҵС񡭡
ȶѾͷһͰҸˡŮŰգȻǻϲ
㣡Ůӵ裬̾һ
Ͻ˱һңǰ顢飬顣
΢ЦҲ㡣
˶ӣƬ̺󣬻Ц
ԽŶˣЦЦˣʲô˵
߹ľɽ밢ʶǰҸ游Сϴ꣬밢Сʱ޻̸ĺѡλǳľȣλ򱱺ӹɽҵĺýð¡ƣλǳı㡭
˰ʶˣ˵ͷʾ⣬Ŀľɽʱ˼ӣҡͷҴܲµڿĿģֻǡҲС常ֻһСʵڲΪֵġ
ôһ˵ľɽɫ΢΢һ䣬ľȿ裬ЦҵѾˡ
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˵Զɽ򣬰һȭͷϣѹϳ˵ʢĵۻӹܣ常ĺùٶһ³֪Щԩĺùж١
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ľȵĻ΢΢һ٣۲Űɫüͷ΢йâ±ף㣬һ֮
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ɫ䡣
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Ĵ󽫾в磬ؾϢϽܣ䲻
ҡͷηﲢûнвˣԵףָϲ磬ûдˡ
ôֱӵ˵Եףľɽɶһۡ
Ŷ˸˸üͷüҴָ΢΢ЦϽһ䣬ԵײΪһЩ֪սü
ɽȭ
þգŵҼСһʥŮҲҳ֧֣ȴԶϵӴʥŮΪء
˵˴üͷճȭһȭͷϣϵĲյһյһյĶ·žž
ջһƬž
Ҳ֪ôԻʥŮʥŮСҲƫģһ˼ҪɢСүԵ
Ͻж֪ϵҰģľ
˼Ƭ̣ڵ֮һ
˴սҶģ
һӹɡ
ôĿġʥŮ֮λľȲ²⡣
ľһۣͷȡʥŮΪϽͳߡ
ץЩˣʹ֪֪ʲôˣûʲôʿ˵ǶܼҶµĻ֮ߡ
׼ȷ˵ԻʢĵЩľٵ۷
ͷʹ˵ȷ̽ġ
ʲôľȻȻŰ
ɻĿȥôˣ


334 ˣ

ҼҹĴȷӵһԱһԿڵ
ɴȥ裬һȻĵͷȷˡ
⡭֪ץεˣȫùˣϽ̷ڱ棬ǡ

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ͼʲɫº޺Ů鶸ȻӯһĪѹΧĿЩϡЩϢĸо
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ȽǲµġɽɫҲѿüͷɨ
һܿɽߣǸĿľȣԲס
ľҡͷ黺𣬿֣ص밢֪ҴսλãҪǳ
𼱣ֵģСң˷ųѶȣֻһˡһзӵġЦ
ľȳмһЦԽ߽˱īֽ⣬ʢսͷ˳ݸҴʢսսܰȷӪйأҵˣЩԹﵽʱ£κΪ֮ǿֻ֪ǵελãԻȥˡ
󽫾ıϣˣǺθɣ׷Σ׷ϵġһЦ
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סˣȻľˣȻҰѣολֳδ˺Ͻ˵£һ飬Ҳ޲ɡ
飬ľȶٱľ׺Ц֣ص
Цалոպá
裬ֻѰ˸˳ҪϻȥСüƲߣʱŸǣǵСʱôϢİɣ
Цŵͷǵá
ǺãǵϢʮաı˱衣
ľףҲôĲҾСһ֮
ЦſһۣһתҼСġ
ȥ˹˿ջţ˻Զ
ľȿ˶ЩƣɫЦո·һﶼˣϴԵ㷹ϢϢþǲܸñս
ɽ͵ͷ˰˰֡
Խ鷳ˣǰһЩ䣬ˮˡ
Խߵͷˣ˺ѾˣȳԣһЩˮһȥ䣬Σ
ˡľЦŴӻͳǮûд򿪣ֱݸԽߣǿҪڴ̻һʱգӵĻ
⡭ԽЦˣˣԽĳ֪Ͻһֱల£ϽҰĲҲ˶ѣܾϽգЩʳʲô
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ңһ·һֱڸ·Ĵս绹ôʱͷ
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ľһͷŵǼᣬãû
ô꣬ͼĳ˿ŵ㶼ˡ
ľȣ
Ǹͱܣ֤㣡

ϽΡ
Ů߽
״ôˣ
бһۣСᣬҪˡ
⡭¶ɫһ˵ΪѣûϵķԸ˲״
ôδʥŮĻҲʹˣСļҶˣüۺЦȴһƬ⣬ֱϵɫͻȻ˫ͷоӿˡ
˼״һھֵĭЦң롣
ͷƬָ̻ԭ״
ƾŻ񣬰׵Ѱʢսˣֻ˵ģЩҲ̶á
ŭϵĺޱĽ˴˳ȥ
Ѱˣ飬ۿžͻˣɨСʣ绻
ǶԹѡ
˻
˻˻
æ˺ңѡͦõģһⳤ࣬ϴɾ֮Ǻܿܿġ

̵Ѫǵô˳ĺܿģ
ߵĴ뿪
ʿΣһ˳¶ҪҪһ
ûбҪɣˣ治ǹϰһû˻ֵᷢİɣϻ𣿡
ɣ
ǾͲ˵ˣ
˵ˣ
˶һۣĬĺٺЦ
Ůһ˲һܴƵķϼ
С㣬˴ˡ
ڲݵ˹Ů͵۾һ˫΢ͫ⻪ĿƴǾ¾ףż򵥵Ͻʽɫ׹ֻͬɫ׹ԲϸָһϮֱ׹׵ɫȹ̤ڵϣ״ͬɫתͷ
ôû°ɣ
üҡͷûأԼһʱ߲ȥ
Ƽ˲״ɫ΢䣬ϵֹȻݡȥţˡȥҵ֮һʱգǳȥɡ
ͷС㣬ү¡ʥŮɿ𣿡
ҡͷ鱯ʹ࣬ŴƢִ֣ƫϵĻĺݶˣţҲҪǣ֡
ȻʥŮôܡ


335 С

һ٣С㡣
̧С㣬˼ȡʥŮ֮ģٷʥŮɿҵĵʱܿĲֻүϽʮա
ĻƵ΢Ҳ˼Ĩ֮ɫ
ԳƬ̣ڣǾ˺ϵαĿð￴ס
۾һڡ
ѡ
裬ʮǰڱ߽ڿϵС˵ĳŮСҲġ
ƻȻ֮ͨǸС
ЦС㣬ͬ꣬Ҫꡣ
𣿡Ҳ˹ǣԼһʱ䣬ҲȥʢĵʲôϽ
С㡭͸¶˼ûϽս˼෴ͬһһ䣬һһǸ֮ìܡ
ˣ˵ǸҪĴ󽫾ͻؾϢԼϽ׽ˣϸǵθûˡǱ߸ǴǸϽȡ裬ʢĵ۴ŭ
ţдģǲһƿȻľ
С㣬˵ΪǸλãҪǣô޹𣿡üͷôģ
ƿһۣһЦЩֻõЩ翵Ķ
ͶһЩϸڣ˷ϼȻԼңСıܿߣ͵ڿ
ľȵˣʢսѾȳ˵ˣľȳһʾлЦס˵Ҫٱ飬ɻ
ľȵһ㶡
ľȵͷȻ
λһ˰ɡĿϷɿӹЦ΢Ȼ˼£Ͻ⣬СҲ뿴Ͻİܿ࡭Ȼ˫Ŀһ£̸ΪΣ
˵ľϣľԳ˼Ƭ̣ɽɽһЦ֮һЦ԰á
۾âͷЦЦǻϲȸԾ
һ̣ӳľ֣صһϽ񣬡Ͻİնлʵ£һˡ
Ҳ̲סЦ
Ķܿ죬ȥգʹϢԼһûϣľȵˣܿϵˣϢĽ˷ϼ
˽ȥʱվڵУԵš
С㣬ˡϼЦơ
תһ˫΢ԴǳǳЦ⣬ںڵĳٲк£µķҫ۵Ʋߣ촽΢򣬵ͷʾ⣬
Сƶ
ľȵ˲ĽӲͣ
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Ȼ󣬾ǷƹƶϧѪҺƣȵǷʱֻϽһ֮ϵӴϽϰһɾ˳滷
Ȼһսߣȴһûеõա
߬߬ȭͷĿŲڲվİ裬ĵֹס΢΢鴤ϱӣϹäƫŰУĿżýòϱӣػ࣬Ⱳӣúûǰɡ
ľȵ鲻ԣɽģľȳʹع
ôˣ
ɽһЦû¡
˵䣬ߵƸǰվ벽λãЦСϬû³˭ǳˡ
ЦЦĿӹľȹϵܵĹɫһ
ܵλǳδ򱱺ү
Ƴɽ΢΢ףӡ
С㡣
˼˽ܣ¡
ȿڣʱޣҼҪ˵ӣ
˶һۣͷ
򴽣ͷӦͬλ˵ϵ£ٲһЩϴĻӵҰﵱʥŮ󣬾һֱ̽ҰĵߣҰָЭЩǱܿõģЩҳϲ鵽ģһֱڱҰоһֺаŵĹƶϽĽ֮ףֹƶʴ˱Ϊʬˣʬս
Ļһ٣һŭ⡣
νʬˣѾѪˣΪʬûֻһ˶صĻ壬κֻҪ߱ʬˡɡ
úݶֶΣ
˺Ȼ


336 Բߣһ

ʬˣ
ľȶ̵֪
ǰСƶĸɥ֣֮СƶûӹĶ֡Сƶɱ֮Щʬ˱գǻϽĹƵأȴǳ⡣
ʬ˵Ķ֪˺ˮ֮Уڿܱ߼ʮ䣬ȫȾ˶ߡ
ǻΪ˰ģݳģȺ󼸳ЩصģȴȾ˶ߣ˴Ӳת
ǡ
ɼ
ԼУľһƽ
Ͻ볤ξðȳȥϴˣΪΣ
ʱ̧ˮһӻζ΢ˮһ˵ĪħľףͬС뵽ҪȥϣжԲߣ
ľûΪѣһɣ϶һ˿ǳǳЦ⣬˵ͷǣֻϴ˲ô˵ˣԣҪһն
ͣ׽ľü
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ɽȴƵСóն
۵׵Цһ٣мΣʢĵָϽˣ֣ϸ롭
Ҳͬ⡣˵꣬ɽĻϽʥŮҳϷ֣ʥŮƫϣҳʵΪһʥŮСҵޱС㣬мְգ
ɽһԼš
ĬȻ
Լһô֪ܳɹ

ƻסü̧ɽ̾һЩ˵ãҲ֪Ͻϵͳ£ȻģҪҰԼǸλá˵ʵ
ľȣǸȻһЦֻɵİաֻ鵽оƳʬ˵Ĺƶߵһǲ֪ҿȷǣǱֹôȥʬһɣϽٲ֮أʱϽٽꡭ
ĿϻЩҳãôһӣȻҲն
С㡣¶ģЩƵĿ衣
һۣҡҡͷּ˶š
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ɽɫѿ
Ҳͬʱ
Ҳ뺰ס
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ľȳһЦ̧ͷƣС㣬㡭жϵˣܲ𣿡
΢Ƭ̣ףԡ
֪滻𣿡ľֵ
һһ˲ľȵ˼롭
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ҲԥǸŹ
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һȺ̶öֵӣ³ʱƺҳľʢսڿ򣬱ϾϽߣһ˺Σգʢսڴ˴
ŻѣǰͷɽãŵһտɽҰ֮
ҹɫ˼ӵ·ŵһ䲻éǰͣ¡
ˡ
ǰţһű˴򿪣߳һλӣʮµͣɫʣƣӯһ˵ʣơ
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ӵ飬ЦŨŨ
ҲЦŻһү
ľ˻ӵʱͫ΢΢һĿѸǰϣ磬磬Є磡
СƶǸɡ
ǰֻСƶĻ˵ˣû뵽Ȼܼˡ
ż˽ݣƽܸľȵˣֱ׵ĸߴңҵˣˡ
ӳף̬󷽣ûƵֱ׶ΣһЦλǽЄ硣
ҡ
ľȻͷӡ
˶̲סЦˡ
˷ЦмȻԵĿš
ǰһ񣬡ҵɱˣڳ֣ž˼ҵһ
ԣЦЦһѣﲻض񡣡
תͷľȣλǳɣλǹˣ
Цų˹֣ɽǰүˣ˵ҲмףԼˡ
⻰ˣЦδ̣
ҵŮ
ң
һ㶣Ӧ˼־أԭô鳤꣬ġ磿
ɽһڡ
˰Զݣʲô磡
Աľ̲סЦų΢΢硣
һгɽˡ
ЦЦҲЦˣȵסľȵĸ첲ԭıãԺҲҵıá
ľȣ
Сƶұ
ĸУСġ
أȻݹϵеԶСƶ磬ĹԹԽһɩӡ
⡭
ľ˿ȣС㣬Ҹǡ
ıãýС㣬ߡɩӣԡһżõĿ顣
ľȣ
Ц§ƣߵ˵˼䣬Ƶ۾΢΢󣬾һκ죬Щ˼Ŀľȣաս㣬ԡԲס룬մսϱµĹѾҽˣֻӻЩ˳;


337 ֣

ééݵģȴǬ
ĳһ£һŻ򿪡
ڣŴˣʱ۾
ľȿ첽˽ȥʢԲ԰׵Ѿǵɫĵ׵ĵصķ£һЦǰһ硣
ȽôˣʢãȻӦ˭ʱ͵ĴӴ̫˿ڣ۵˻һͷ¡
ľæǰסͷСıͷڴͷ˳סϸ鿴ü̫ˡ
ʢЦЦû£վͺˡ
ľȲս紲ǰЦ磬û°ɣ
ս绺Ҳڴͷû£Ƥʵأʹ򡣡
ľЦ󣬿ͷȷʵȴ̫ࡣ
ʢЦ
۴սˡľǸ
ҡͷûйϵԼѡ񡣡
ȽôϽˣʢĵã²ǲǡ
ľЦЦӻͳһƿҩݸս磬ֵ߹ȥʢϽʱջˣǴΣգ硢սȰҩˣǴȻڿ򡣡
ʢñ̸ܶ׵ĵǸʢսһۣҩˡ
߽ѵҪˣǵץʱˣǱϵ˷־Ҫˡ
ľȵл׼ʱɽߵʢǰ硣
ľȵһ顣
ʢҲЩɵۣԼ
Ҫӵɽ·Сʱɽһεľܵڿ򡣡ɽĿʢӣɡ
ӡ
ʢסɴȥľȡ
ľһյʢߵ磬ʢĵ۸Ǵ˻飬˵ǵǴϽȥּɻ顭
ʲôʢģ
ľȵͷ
ʢŹɽ˺һһͷӱһˣȰƿӣ˳ҰѴϣϽҹ䣬Ҳ
ɽ
ղǲǲӦó֣
ľȴǹĨЦŹɽİʢʰˣϣűս磬˳éݣ׼ɽȥ
ߣľȰһ䣬Ͻϵţ粻ǻ˫ϵԻһЩͼС¡
ףл⣬¡ҵ⡣
ˣľȲȰֻڻصϼʱȰƼ䣬Ƶͷ˵ڶ֮ǰȰ뿪ȥڿ
һ֮ǰϻڿʢսľȵҩ·ЩûΪƶϵ˸ء
ľȰ˵״̬¿ҩÿհʱ˺ȡ
ͬʱ߶ڽܹĵĽİŲ
߰պյϢպ֡
գϽʥŮ볤򱱺ǰȥϽ͡
Ӧ¡

һգһ磬Ͻӭӳ򱱺ӵ͵ڿ
ľȴ˰裬ɽţ
˰иš
ǰӭӶ˵Ͻʿ٣һЦһ˫ȴԾἰϵĴӶࡣ
ľɽ
еĺܿ죬һʱϽ
ͣϽʥŮǰʿŶ˽ʥŮ
ڣվϽĳӣΪ׵ģźֺɫ۵ˣθߴһϹЦȴ˸Ҳޱ飬˵ɫȴЩ
˵ĶϣҲҳˡ
ƵİʥŮ˿ڸλϣӸµĿŶˡ
ĳүΪμʥŮ¹򣿡ĳ
Ļһ䣬̾˽ӹȥϽĳǰȥʢĵ۶Ҫ¹ģΪʲôϽ
Ͻߣɱ
ɱһڵʱһ̬еĿŶ˵ķӦ˲ɫ侲ԥƬ̧̣֡
ʱȥһϽʿľɽС


338 磨һ

ɽɫֽľߣʷ״̬
ľɨ̿˰㶢ǵϣĹɽ̧סɫǰǳƣۼǱΧסͻȻɵʥŮ
һʥŮһĴ㡣
ǡʥŮĺˡ
ʥŮǺ⣿ľһ¿ʥŮһ߸ƣ˼״һۣŶ˶Ͻʿת
£ʥŮͷΰݣĶȻǴ೼ӵĽ
¿ͷ
˸͡
ҳվָҪʲôӵõ¹ϡ
ĮȻ
ɽЦȵʱϽ֪Σ֪֪ƽУʥŮͬڴƷ٣λƷ򱱺ӣǹ¿ͷʥŮܵ˵
ĿʥŮʵâʥŮΪ˰Ҫսˣ
ԣºʹЦһ˫΢΢ɨһһۡ
һ飬ʱǺЦλϽȻϽĹߣ˵ҪϽɣ
Ц˭һž¹ͷģɽſڵĳӣͻȻüЦŮӻƷ˵ٺ٣Ͽǽ̵һֺó¡
һڳŭĿӡ
ϵȲסЦݣޱĿŹɽӿڳԣǾΪɣ
֪볤ȴһٶҵȣɻǵΪ˳ӵķִ磿ɽӡ
Զԣ̧֣ط¡
һڳۿľɽˡ
ϽʿеԽ˱ƽ
ҳϼͷǺʥŮ򲻿˰Ǵʢĵۣʱַ͵ͬ˺Ϣؾʢĵ۴ŭ֮£Ͻտô죿ʥŮ˼
ҳͨһڵϣȰʥŮҲһڳҲŹ£ںʥŮ˼
ʥŮԥ̧ȥϡ
޿̣ŭ䲻ĵͺһ˾֮ģ·˽֪ĻƫƫţôȥŮҳϵĻǳʲôһͬڴʢĵ۵棬ݣʱϽ˵Ϳ̿Ҳʬأѵǰ뿴𣿰һѰɣ֪֪͵͵оʬˣʬƳɹﻹܵסϽʱʲôûУ
ʥŮ𾪵ĿŮĿţʬˣô᣿ǲ˵ʧ˵Ľ𣿡
ۿЩ˵Ҫľɽˣ֪ʲôһͷͣϽЩͣ
ƶʥŮ۱ԼϣֿۼĲͣͷʥŮ˼ҳһڳӣЩãȻ
ƼʥŮģ˱ۣſȵס֣һʥŮǣͣ£ס֣
һƽľɽ˵ϽʿͣеĶ
΢һ
ɫ䡣
ˣȫˣ˳Ƽ
תƣʥŮڣСҪȡ֮ʥŮЩϽץз
̧ɨһۣ䵭Ȼ˵ţɱۣ
ңƴȣס֣ס֣ûС
ЩϽʿȴֻϵԣЩ˶ϵˡ
ŭֺ޵ĵϣϣ췴
ľȲͷʰ裬׼𣿡
һͬӦ׼ˣ
ášϱ½㣬ǰԭƻľ䣬ԼĻ쳤ޣ˦ϰվһ޻һžž֮
֣
ЩϽʿŲһ٣ΧһΣһ˲ڰΧȦ֮⣬ЩϽʿߣţ˺ȻĿЩһŵϽʿɱ
ϲŵĵľɽǶʲô
ľ˦˦еĳޣüһЦϾǶɱǵʲôͨȻҪȭͷˡ
һڳӼ״æΧм䣬ָľɽˣȸɱϽ֮ˣ͵ɡ
ʥŮЩ˷ɱɰ
ҳΪľɽӳΧȦµһ˲ֱսҲնʹοϽ͵ģʥŮɱð
ʥŮ˼
ɱð
ڣһš
֣߬ʥŮϾϲ⣬㲻ˡ
ʥŮüģ̾һƶЩ˽ģΪϽõģһûҪ˼
Ʊ˱ۣȻ˵ڵġ
ʥŮüƶ
ʲô˵۾öŰɡƲٿľɽҳϵ˵˵ͷ
˻⣬ҳվεĿһʥŮ̧ơ
˲ӿһϽʿҳһĳҲ̱ģͻһӪеˣһƬӡ
ľɽҲû˽ֱϡ
ʥŮҳǱΪ飬ɱ
ǲϽˣǰΪŰбӦġ
ſңƥ򡭡
ʥŮվ˫Ȼĵƣƣʲôѵ˵Ҫ㰢ȡ֮𣿡
ҶʥŮ֮λȤûУ˵ʲô㶼ţǾϸ㣬ʲô
£ľɽѽסϲŲæз̶ƺٻʲôɵ˰ΣʲôûС
ɫһ䣬ͳһܵӣڴߴɵɰιȥȻûж
аҧָѪεϣͼʲôǰһȻûж
˾֮ɫ̧ľɽʲô


339 ʬˣ

ʲôʲôվ̨֮ϣĿϡ
ɫѿ㣡
ҡôû뵽ɣһֱϵСҲбͱһһ죡ȻһЦ֣ζ£ƽװõȻһߣоӴܳӸ߸ߵֱ̨š
溮˪Цһδɡ֪ߵغС˶סңëѾͷδ̫Сң
һֺɫ޷ǰһһƵĶͻȻ
һе֣ЦǳƳʧɢôûж
ϵĻû˵꣬ͱбƽӰĽ˳ŵĵǯסĶˣⲻܣܡҵʧɢûʧ֡
ʧɢҵƽ֮ƴӸ߸ߵ̨ɢȥ֮ھȻûһжϵˣôܣҵʧɢƳôнҩ
ô߰ˣҾͲ߰ԵףЦЦŻͷϣҳ̧̧֡
ҳϴһӵϣסͷųԼĶ衣
Ƕߣ򼣬ЫӣΧϽ£ϲҶҳϣеĹҧۡҵСǣʥŮ˵СҳϴͨҪıʥŮ֮λܲţ֤֤ڣ㻹һ£ʱ
ƣֹûУס֣ҳϣ£ʥŮһϵվڸ߸ߵ̨ϣûʲôĿҳϡ
ҳΪѵĿƣƿʥŮһʧ
㲻Ҫ˵һ㿴뿴ģʱȻٺ֣ǡ뿪ϽʥŮ֮λţһӣЩԹ޵ġ
ʥŮɫ΢΢һ䣬ĿĿƣʲô
ҳϣЩ鵽֤ݶϵư˰֣ߵһߡ
ҳϿʥŮʥŮɫѿȴûֹӦһߵһʹ˸ɫ˷ɿܳȥƬ̣ʮü˽
С㣬˴ˡ˻ҳ
һ˼ڵΣɫЩףϱʮֻΧм䶯ãžҪȥ
ɱ֣㻹ҽ
ɱҰҪɱǱ𡭡
ҵĶӡʥŮϷҵĶӰɣԶͷӵ
ʥŮСץһȥԶһ䰡ȫûˡ
ʥŮҪΪ

Ƴҳʹ˸ɫҳףƣƬֽ̣һˣǿ׳ĺһڣһѾʧȥ־˽
Ķһ޵ϸ˼Ҫȥҳϵץס
һḾ˱סϸˣѾˣĶѾˣֻһʴĶˡ
ʥŮɫڿɲǶȻһ䣬ʲô
ʬ˵İƷƿ˫ͣһһģһҸ˵ģϵĽʬˣץ˻飬Щ˵ļ˶Ǳץȥʬ˵顭ȥġ
ʥŮϣ˵Ŀɶģ
˵ľģЩ˷ҳݺҵģЩգ˶Ͻˣҳϲ֪ʥŮ֪ģôƫǵıƣԩңЦһ
ʥŮҳϣǻʲô֤ݣ
ײĲᣡЦһɣʱˣʲô㣿
ϵӪﻺ߳ˣһˣ˫Ȼһ˾ĺ
ϺǺЦǿɶصˣǱҳСҪݺ𣿡
˵㻵ĶǱˣе֤ݶαġƺЦɨʥŮһۣΪɷѿġ
ǵȻɷѿģϳʥŮиһıʥŮ֮λʥŮʵӵߣȡʥŮȻҪȳҡ
ʥŮɫıԻ͡
ѲµʥŮķӦֻЦſһۣ㲻ΣҽվͿڴ¶ģƴδФʥŮ֮λʥŮ֮λҲҪ
ƣʥŮɫѿֱŮ
ƳһЦ˵ʥŮ֮λɵң˵ҲҪʥŮ֮λôҶԣ𣿡
ʥŮ֮λġʥŮ
֮⣬һûʥŮ֮λ첻á
ԳһЦҼ˵ҲҪǲҪ
ʥŮ˵Ļᣬϣ㻹ʲô˵
Ǻǣʲô˵ˣ㻹˵ʲôմºЦݵмʥŮʥŮң
˵ĿģʥŮϣ֪ΪΣĵ׶ԼŮĻмŵģϡ
ͷЦΣٵΣΪʥŮϹô꣬ʥŮҪΪϰɱҲɣ
ô˵㱳ʬ˵ģʥŮ˫΢΢
һ˵ʲôͻȻ߿һ׳˶Ӵɱ˽ˣ㿴ʲôǵʬƳɹˣ
һȳ嵽ߣͬ׳˶ˣѾˣΪ˫Ŀ˫̲ݵףɫ졣
ľȵͫ׾Ҫǰһʬ涾ޱȣմϱɣ
ӿľһۣЦһ̧ʥŮ˵Ůͷʶ̣һоƲԣʬǴģƫţҪҵЩѪҺʥŮĸŮɱˣʲô¶ûˡߣ
Ŀֽ𣬳ʥŮ˵ĹЦתʬﳤȥ


340 ׼һ

ʥŮɫ䣬ǰһ̻мֵĲȷѵʮ֤
ɶ񣡡
ŭȣһƴһԵʯϣʯΪ촷ۣ衣
ľȵȴ˲չʬ˷ųȥСҳϿʲôǣ
ҳ϶һۣҡͷ
ֻüʬˣδʱоʬˡ˵꣬ʥŮʬҪĹƶϽϹŽƣ֪ʲôӡ
ʥŮϵıŭδȥĿҳһۣҳɫһͷȥ
ջߣתȥ
ľɽһۣƣƳ΢΢ףһͬ˳ȥ
һһ·ʥŮ޹ʥŮɨľɽİ¡ŵˣüͷæǶǳӵĸŵù
ʥŮ᲻صһ̧ߵױ̨ǰ룬һһƵӴ·ʥŮվƵһߣ¶µĵص
¶Ȼ֮ɫ㷿ôһܵ
ʥŮܵڴĻѣȼˣŵҰʱҵģǡʥŮܽĵط
ҰĲʬ˾ȡ֮¹ش󣬶һǾͶһͼȰʥŮľȵҲȥȰĻֻ˵һ룬ͱʥŮ̧ס
ʥŮĿ⸴ӵĿԼŮ߰ɡ
ŻܵƬ̣ͻȻЦˣӣҲϽȥɣҰ˵ʥŮܽĵط϶ϽϹܹ֮˵ƽʬ˵ķӡ
ľȿ۹ɽüͷ΢ǰСƶϵҲʬˣȴʬˣȻҲкĴĶߡ
ȻҲпСƶİͻȻδüܸܵСƶҲ֮ܵڲƽʬ˵ķӣö֪
ôˣɽӵľȣܵľȵһСʵ
ľҡͷûʲôֻЩġ

Ⱥܵһ̨ףһտĵطڴ嶾ĵһԲһ˫ߣ򼣬̵һ󸣬ʥЫ롣
С裬㣬嶾ô֣
˵̵󷨵ļӳ£м˺ֻǣϹʱھʧԣ̵ֻͨı̵һ͵
˵ľҲʱΪ̾Ҳѹôȥʢĵ۴ǰλʵнӹϽʲôʲôȡϽ֪ƶȣ˵Ϲʧ󷨣嶾ǧ˲С
οʢĵǰҪˡ
ʥŮǰӲȡһ׹ڴŵİ۴Ż򿪣ʥŮŻ߽ȥ˽
źĿռſ࿪ʼڣһͻͻͻĵȼռյͬ硣
ȴһտĴ
࣬š
ʥŮĲſڵĻϣ̧ųһȥ߱Ƶͷжȥһţҳϴȥڶţƶ볤ȥţų͹Ӵȥĵţÿڶм¼ƶ֮ϸңʱ󣬴ϡ
迴ľɽף˷ֿɢȥ
ƴľɽ˵ţڣܾ飬űļϽ׹֮˷˹ʼҡ
ʱһʱһһϢĹȥ˶һۣͬʱͣĶ
ҡҡͷ
ľҡҡͷ
ɽҲҡҡͷ
ɽľһѣ߰ɣȥ˵ջ񡭡
ȷʵջ񣬵ɫȴá
ľɻȥ裬˿첽ߵߣҳҵһƵƽ֮ҪҪ׼øֹƶ¶صֵʬˡ
ͷⷨʬ˵ƷӼһģ޶ûƶĥ壬ֱ׼Ϊû֪ûʹĻˡ
̫ˡ̾
üûķӣ
ҡͷֻҳѰˣǡûջ񡣡
ʥŮһһۣ߰ɡ
ⷨӲܡƵĻ˵һ룬ʥŮֹ̧סǸԼֻΪԼˣ
һæҡͷǣﲻǡ
ʥŮͷȥ˵
˻࿴˼ۣȺңصʥŮ޵
ʥŮʬˣǺܿжҲüӽҳ϶ѹǰ
ʥŮһۣһȥһϹϵˣһˣȫץͶŽΣһ󡣡
ҳ۾һӦ
ʥŮ֮ʣֻץһ˼ɣûãʥŮмǡ
ҳϵɫʥŮɫ˳ҳϻæ˳ȥ
ڶԸʬˡ
ûзӣҲ޼ƿʩֻܼϣʥŮС㣬Լĳˡ
ҳȥʥŮ֣ҳϵҲˣֻơľȡɽˡ
ʢĵˣӦ֪ҪϽƽսˡòʥŮľȣ
ľȵͷ̧ʥŮӣʥŮ˼ǣ
ʬ˽ֻҪΣȥҿɱ֤Ͻʮھ췴֮ġʥŮ
һ㶣Ҫ͹ǶԸϺʬˣǡ
ΪΣʥŮûƵĻֱֱĿľȡ
ľɽһۣƬ̧̣ͷãɽ
Ƽæסʬ涾ޱȣǶǸûʤ㡭
СģбķӡľȳһЦ
ֻǰοģҪ˵ʲô賯ʹ˸ɫ⣬ƣεı˿ڡ
뿪ʥŮ޵Ƶķϼû߳Զľɽ˾͵ͷȥ˹ѺĵΡ


341 С˼

ǰˣϽ²ϢΪ棬ϵլ
·ҳϵ˾˳ֱӶ˵ΣĽ
ľɽ˹ȥͺңӾңϽ׺ݶ񶾣󽫾ʵ̫ɶλңһصһڻǰΪλ빦
˶һۣɽЦЦ߹ȥηդţɵЦӴ˭ⲻǴĲܴ󽫾ôأ
һЦӱȡЦˣⲻǡǱϽȺүҵİɣǵľأЩӡ
ӣľӣͬģǻϸԮɽü˫ֻؿηդϡ
簡һüͷľһۣզôܣҪҲүսɱ˶꽫ɡɳһŮϽ⡢ⲻ𣿡
е⻰ؾȥ˵ɽһЦɳһлϵ⣬΢ⴧʥ⡭
ˣϲ⣬ⷬĵĻɽľһۣľף̧һηդ󽫾벻ȥ
۾һͷ룬밡ζ롣
ɽһۣŽãʱΣ
·ҲգûڣӵΣ
ֻʣ°ˣôүûôһ
˵һ䣬Է䣬ܺúùͨ˵𣿣
̸ͷӦǾͷȥǲӦǡɽʼ磬üЦеĿ͵ˡ
ЦȴһĨ˵ɫ͵һȴ¶Цүʲô¾ܷԸ̸ʲô
ģڶ߬̸ƨĺоܾȨ
һ㣬ɽϽʥŮ״ʲôЭ飬ǾȻ˾ܷˣɼмܲ򵥡
ϵ£֪٣ɽľһۣľףǰһֱ⡣
һ㶣Щԥ⡭֪ʵ࡭
ֻһΣܴ󽫾ûг⣬ˡľ˵꣬תߡ
ɽɨ˲һۣ˫ֱԺҲ̧˽š
𡢱𰡣ⲻǡλ֪Ĳ࣬ұ֤֪һȫ߶λһһԲϾҪˣæˡ
תһģĿʱ̲ס˳ǣаǲһ˲һţ˻ûأһ࣬ϻ۸
˭²أûˣȳȥ˵ɡ
̾һʼ˵ϴҰģҰĲСһȡʥŮΪϽͳߣˣֵ˲ʿϽҲСģͶµ˽Ͻʿ붼ƹƶٿ嶾û飬ֶκǲ̺ݶ
Щңľɽ˸߰˰ˣõļˣʲ磬оһֹƶƳɹͿƳʬˣ֪
ʬˣһ˲ͻȻ˵ʬưɣ
ʬƣľɽһۣɽ˵ȥ
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ľ̾˿˵Щû˵һõϢûС
Ƴɹˡɽϲ磬ʬ˳ˡ
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ͷ
˵ƹƶ˸ʬһɣͻΪһؼĴ壬бʬմϵ˶жֶ̫Ͻأֿ죬ҩɽ⡭ңʬѾˣԣʹǵ忳ΣȻڣǵȻ
ɫԽѿƺҲ뵽ʬ˵Ŀֲ֮
ϴˣʵ̫ݡ
ľɽɫҲѿ̸ܽĺϣЭ飬ȥϣҵϳϽϣָϽĺƽദأ
һ䣬˫£ҪҵĶ˵̸
ľɽһۣɽüЦͷŲ磬磬֪֪֣ҪӻһѵѾ֪ˣһСͶ˴Σ˳츮Ĵء
˵ʲôôܣ͵ץסηդŵĵŹɽӣЦһЦ
벻֪˭һСؽȥģɽ˺ǹһĨŲ硣
Լ֪˭ˣȴȥ룬ЩԼûĲ˭
ǾóԻо֮ϸ߿һۣ£Ӫڱ֪ĳһĶӵϽһݽǰ̣Ƕ˱ȷӪ˭Ϻү֪ĳЩ˲õ£־ֵܲڰ·ˮҪЩҪ˳֪û飬ɴһݣϵ˳λֳ˵ĿдɽŲ磬Цţȴӿ
¶Ȼûзˬ£ǣ˵ĶԣЩ¶ֵµģү޹
޹ǺǡľȳһЦλֳеңеܼң
죬˵
ǲܼҶҿĹϺүǡҲ㹻ĺľ³ؿڱŵЦǲܼͽ˳츮εϺүˣ


342 ƾʲô

ɱһ˲˲ĶľȣҸϺүսô꣬ûйҲпͣοҲܼһżҾ춼޹֪ģϺү˴Ҳ磿˵ϺүϺүƾʲôǣ
ľȵһЦǰһЩɳ󽫾ͷĲ硣
򡭡֪֪ɽЦбһۣͷʲôˣ㲻Ǹǲֵܼڽð֮踵ʱûо򣿡
ʲô򣿡
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һ˫ֽճȭĿӹɽƵľϣǡ˵Ķģ
ԲңŹӣȻ˴ĶǵˣҲ˵ͳһ˿ھǡľȵȻӱ߷㣬䲻һܾܼܾ¼ǲܼҵ𣬼Ȼ㲻飬ǽ֮£͵Ǵδ
䣬۹ɽɽ˲һۣ
תߣĲ˵ˡ
һһԶҼˣ뿪ڽסˣ־ǲܼϺүұۣϺүӦòԶϱ۰¡
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Խ
ϺүֻΪ£ɾңôֵ֪̫£Ϻү׷Źǲܼң
̤ϹսǽߵɲǣȻڣӣ
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ɽͷĵĿ˲һۣôܴ󽫾кָ̣
ȭŹɽӣǻߵĳ購ֻһ䣬ϡδҲܼˣ
Ϻүǲܼ鷿ѵϽϵţԻϵӣδǲܼңɽͬĿŲ
ãòܼűɡ
뵱꣬ҶʢĵۺεģɽأֻΪһϺүةһһ书߸ľļ³ǲܼȷʵϽȳ²֮£
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סĿڣڳܲסͷʹڵء
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תȥ
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ҹηȻ˴𣬿ηʿŽѺһڷȫ˳и˵˿գʿèܽ˺ҹ
һҹϽ֪ʧ𣬲ٷ˳ˣУͰͼϽʿ
һ˽Ͻʿ׷Ѿεլ
һͨǵϵ⼸ӳʿϵ˸ˣҹ˾ͱϵ˽ȥĳ깡
Сĵͨ·̽˾㣬ϸеƣ˴λãļС
˱ɽɵķʱʥŮĸλϣɫ粻Ŀŵµʬˡ
翴ʬˣ뵽ǵĿ֮ʶ̿ˮ
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ӹȥͷɳʮ꣬һɱȫϣȫ©
һ˲ϱЦݣҵ˭ԭǲܴ󽫾ǶԲסҲû뵽ʥŮȻһеĹҧôۣܴ󽫾û˰ɣ
°һϻЩɵеļʮģȻ̳ʱ򣬾ͻҪˡ
һˣЩɻ䣬ƫˣԽˣԽ죡
ܽˣϲ衣
Цӯӯڵһӣ£̧ͷϣⶼʲôʱˣĻʲô裡ϣҲǴˣʲô㣬ұηܴܵ衭ұ뱨


343 ֱ

׵Ĺ΢΢Цⲻ䣬ܽ뱨𣿡
ⲻǷϻıصȥˣսô꣬ûܹ𣬷ǱɣһȭͷһԵĸ߼ϣ߼žˤڵϡ
ϵ˷׷ɫơ
ЦŰ˰֣ŭʢĲ磬ЦϷһ仰֪
һˬˣô˵µģòΪһССʧͱһŮ˵ӰɣüͷЩŪбһۡ
ϵӳ˳Цǳ˼֣ŮˣϽʥŮͬĻʵۣܽǾϽڸ֮𣿡
翴һۣͷֿĴЦϲҲô𣿲Ȼһֱȡ֮
Ͽ˲һҲЦܴ󽫾Ȼ˽ңϽŮ˴ȥ
˵ʲô̧סϣûʲôȤ˽ĺͼҵֻ·Ҫڿ򣬵ҵļʮȥʥŮģҹӣĸ
һܽҪʱϽ
û뷨ӾʥŮǸû¾ͰϹ߶߶ĹƨʥŮץҲγζ֣һʲô뱨һѩǰܵģ
룬Ц֪ܽʢĵԮ㣬ȺʥŮһ𣬶ˣһ˵ǲܼұʢĵͶ˴
˵ʲôʲôȻ̧ž̨ߡ
ϵǰסһƷϣѻ˵ʲôǲܼұͶ˴
ܽ԰ꡣڸλϣһһ˫ȴ۵Ĺ۲Ųɫŭмֱ˵ģ̾һʾͬ󣬿ڽͣǲܼұϺүʢĵһŭ֮½ǲܼȫͶ˴˳ǰϽͼԳͨĽ֮ǣϽ롭
ŹֵĿ˲һۣͬ顣
̲סԼıƢһ߷һӣ㵹һѻ˵갡
۳һԼĸ߼߷ӣȴ׷һĨƣʢĵۻ㣬óװʲô֪ȳȥ󣬰ƽϽ۹ؾһ㵽˾û˼ʮʿǾɲˣ
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ĽڸƨİϣҼˣҳȥҰҵļʮ㵱Ͻ֮ҾȻҵļˣϽҺҵļһ鰲ĵطô
һŲ̨ϣϡ
ϴǹ˹ӹһĨ⣬һţȴȻܽҪʲôҪ
һҶҪɱˣӻֲܸǸɵģ˵ɣܲ˸Ҵҳȥ͵û£Լɱؾȥģ浱Ǻ۸Ĳɣͭ˫ɱ塣
ĢһŴλվ̨ףڵ̨վӸµĿŲ磬ܽȳˣ
üͷһɷĵϣĲǷϻʹܲУ
ܽˬˣȻҲãǲܼҳҲйϵܽģֻҪȡʥŮһ¾ȥǱ뾩ˡ
ģе㲻ͷӴӦľȻˬ졣
ϵͷȻ
ۣӵĴϣһûг
Це
ʱˣջߵͷɣҾһأϣϲҪҵļʮֵʧºôһҾΪҲܲסǸһıƢġ
ɫһüͷ΢ӹɱȴԣЦҵĲǣܽͷ˸ܽһѰһкɽˮĵطΣ
ü־Ц⻹ࡣȥϢһ£ϰˣȥڿǰֵٵȲң˵ƫƫųǸӵĻʱǾҪƿˡ
Ļ䣬ϵɫһݣã˴ȥϢһ磬ȥڿ򡣡
һ
ϳԼʹ˸ɫǰŲˡ
߹ɽ·类һʯңʯƷȫһͷڴϣŽһ¡
Գӵδ֪Щ˵ľ塣
˶ϼֱָƣϵķӦһԲϻ̽˵Ļµİ˾Ųʮֱ¡


344 ľСӣһ

˵ãǲܼѰһ·
ۣ³һ˯˹ȥȴ˯˯Ժ־衣
ϾϿǰƵˣܶԼܣѱΪԼǵʣֵʲô
ʯӵˣû˶תȥϣʯڵ˵ˡ
˼ĳƬ̣˰֣ȥҼˣһȥڿ򡣡
ӦˣתҪߣֱϽס¸ƣʲô䣬Ҳ֪
ǣϡ
΢΢һ㶣ͷӦ£ת˳ȥ
ȥϵʯڳһˣ׳˶üĿмƣ˿üͷߵϸǰղܵĻŵù
ס
׳˶ȴЩв磬ܾǼһﲻõģܱʢĵۣң˵Ҳᡭ
Ͽ׳˶һۣľûи߹㣬ûԶĵˣֻԶ棿
аľ׳˶һ˼ǣ
˿ƺ㣬ʵĻֶΣȻҲͷΣפڿļʮͳ˧Ȼǰʱһѣ߳ϽҵֻǣͬʥŮҲҪľӡҪһ㡭
˵⣬ϵĴǹ˹۶ӣľ˳ĻʣҪһʲô
ҸսӵϢ˽ͷǺ¸ʢĵۣͷΪ˰ͨеѲܼҵͽ˴ΣͲȥȲܼˣ˵һˣΪʲôã
ľһ˵Ļ
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ڣӹǻУʥŮΪϽͳ֮öӸϽȢӣúѡһģĴλǧĴȥ
ȰľüͷϷʣԼԼȥȲܼ˲ǸΪʲôҪһǺȥˣ治ʲôŹְɣ
Щ͸仡̫Ķ⣬ܵӦһ䣬ԼȥЩ˸ȥһ̤뾩ؽ磬ܱնࡣ
˵գ㲻ᰢľأԽҡ
ľšüͷãܾйŹ֣뵽Ѿ˯µϣֻԼõĻ̧ųʯңԼݡ

һ磬Ͻ˳СͳϽһ·նӲƵڿƨɺ棬ڽ
Ĳˮ˺úźԼϽˣԼܿȥԽҿջ
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ڲ֪Уľɽ˺ݺݵһѡ
ӦָŲƿڴʱǶα˶ʥŮá
磬ңļˣѵҪĿڴ𣿡ܻƴٻԼٻĶ裬Եģ˼ҵһξЩٻЧһȻǲٻٴΣĶ˵־Ͳ֡
ǵ׶ҵĶʲôֱҪħˣΪʲôΪʲôⲻѧ
վľɽ࣬ͬĿϣ˵ľСӣĻʲôǸ㳤ͨƶЩһ㻹ٻ裬뷭̣ΰ㡣
ʥŮվ̨֮ϣɫϣϴ㲻ȴµȻ֪ڸģﲻ⣡ˣڳաҪ˵棬ϵйڡ
ЦָʥŮҪҵУΪô꣬ҵҵΪϽ˶ٹף㣬ΪʥŮȴһĳԹȥ԰ΣﶼֻЩŮ鳤˸ϽʥŮϽߵͳ֮λΪϽı˲λãҲ䡭
ʥŮɫһ˲ɨľվһƣһ̣ɫΪҳϵ˻˻֡
ʥŮĴűʿ򿪣ҳָ˽ѺʥŮտĹ㳡ϡ
վϽڳƽͷա
ʥŮ߳վʥŮſڣĿѲһȦϣҳϣʼɡ
ǣʥŮ
ҳӦһǰΪգΪƹƶץһӵԻʬˡ


345 ɱ

ֻôһ仰㹻ϵˡ
ȻĻ䣬ù㳡һƬ˲ţ˽˱Ǻ޳
ҾǴѳģץһӵˣ˶˰
ҵĶӰһ˲˹Ķ
ǸƤҿĹռ޹ȥ£ջ˺Ӱ

ӵĺֹϷŭĵҳʥŮңΪϽͿ๦ߡ
ˣʱ˻ԼӣʲôãҳϵĿ㺦ô޹գôˣ
ЦһлѣһʬˣҶһҵģ
ҳɫ΢䣬̧ͷԶһۣͻȻЦ⣬ϵɫˣ˵𣿡
ͷȻӿһɲæ̧ͷҳʲſķȥԶ龰һۣ͵ĵɴ۾ָҳϣ㡢ǡսթ
սթ˭ȵù㣿ʮһյıһױһףǺĻҳϿϣ塣
ľɽҲע⵽ԶĶ
š衢歡ȶôűһϵһ˲ľʬ˹
δ㳡˷ɱŶľץˣʬ˱ˣһãһãǧҪʬˣȫǶմϾ·һ
ĺù㳡˶ŵˣ˶һţľʬóһĲٿĴ·
ľʱԼһ챻ĽʵʵģǣǰߣŲһЩͻᱻűӵ歳һӣĶֻͷľֻۣܲһһȴĿ첽Ź㳡ߡ
ʬ˸ǹ˳ĸʮԶľ롣
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ľؽУһӳȥٸͼʹʬˣŲ̾ɱ㰢
ľȻٿˣҡͷ
歱űվڲԶ
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˵ǼΪˣ׷䣬ȻҲϲʢĵۣܹ黹ǵԼˣѹͶе£⼸˵ãѹͶУľȻǲкյ£
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ľͻȻǰϽܱ߳ǳߣɫһݣ̵½㣬ٻȥһˣյĹǻöװˣڸȥЩǻˮУߡ
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Ҳһͬȥ迴ľȣľס
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ƿ飬ȴ֪ΪΣһ֣ǲ˵пܻᱬߡ
뵽⣬ƿʥŮϵɫԽơ
ǰЩιϵҰģϽο˺ƽ٣ЩϽᶪ
ʥŮŮЩ΢΢˴̧ʱһĮҳϰ˰֣ȻͼԹϽǾ͡ɱɡ
ϵһʥŮ㲻ɱңΪϽϹᡭ
˭ҲûĻҳԼ˫ͷ߶裬ͷ˵˼ԣ˫ͷĲ˲䣬һ̣뿪ģڵŤųо
ľ״ذĽʬҲЩ
ʥŮľȣľȳ΢΢ף밢ã˵ͷ
밢ܳȥһ˶ľͰľͰҺȫõʬϣľƺ˼ʲôذеԽۿʬ˾Ҫ
ʥŮĿ˿ڣΪλ֣
ľȿһۣʥŮڻ˵ЩϽļ£ʥŮµĺá
ʥŮüƴİ̧̧֣˷쳣ӻͳӣ˾ʬ϶
ľһҽУǱ֮ϱ˫ͷһҧڴϣľҽС


346 ϱۣһ

Ҫҵʬˡ
ʥŮҴˣҴˣ㿴ЩΪ㰰ǰôµķϣһɡ
Ļ˫ͷߵڶҧںʱȻֹ
Ȼ˫ĿĶʥŮţûйҲпͰ
ţۿɼٶȱɫ˫ͣʧȥľ׮Ƶͨһڵϡ
ľԼʬ˱ճһŻ򣬶һҽУٻͷʱͿԼԵڵصĻ棬ӶҪͻ˻ߵĽһ
͵̧ͷ˫۷ݵĵʥŮľȵˣҪɱǣɱǡȥȥǶɱˣɱˡҰ𣡶ɱˡ
˶Ϊ˵ʱ򣬰һ˿еΣ̲סżг
ǡѾճɻʬ˾ȻٶȼĳľʥŮ˹ȥ
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ҲȻľȵķܹȥʬ˵ٶʵ̫ˣգ۾˵ľȸǰ
ļ̌ţҪ̤ӰٲɿһЩסδӦƣҧҧһƽƴ˳ȥƷӦȥƵμٳʥŮķ˹ȥ
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ɱ˰ľʬָӣɱɽȵ
ʥŮ˿ۿʬ˹ָӰϣɱ˰ľ
С㣡ۼƵʥŮǰ˵ӷɴܳȥסƣ
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ҳϸʥŮķԸ̾ٻԼ˫ͷȥľ˫ͷߵ˫ع£˲͵ˣֻǰ˫۾˶һ㿴ʥŮ㲻䵱ʥŮϽڸ֣֮Զֻܸ˵
ʥŮɫѿɨһȦˣתʥŮ
ʬû˵ĲٿأԭأƬ̱ճһŻҽ
Ʊűʬץס첲ҧһڵİ壬ҳϣ
ȶۣǿûᣬŰʼɫĸ첲ҧס촽
ҳ˫ͷߣ첽߹ȥһۿ첲ϵı仯ɫһƬ࣬죬ĸ첲ˣȻʬϴܵĿڣɾѾˣ찡
ۿʬƶۿٶȴܵ˸첲⣬мϴܵơ
ͫûİ취𣿡
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СҪ죬ҪסˡҳϼͷǺ
ȶĿŰɫԽ԰ף㣡
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ƽŴ۵ỨζŰص˵ͷеʹ̲סͽгذһá
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ҲһطϼҳϣһЩѪĶȥ
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ľ˵һӵȶȥ
ҳ̾һľɽӣ֮¡
ľȿ۱ճɻҽʬˣѵЩʬаԵĺܣҳϻƴһЩǻҰɣˮ֮УɲҪǾ͵òʧˡ
˻һҳϵɫ΢䣬⡭ɻ˻񣿡
ľȿһֻۣͷʥŮһۣһЦҳϿϽյһԡˣתʥŮ̸Ͻһ¡
ҳϵɫһ䣬ǰѿ


347 ԭأ

ҳѿɫľɽһۣüͷֱҪ⡣
Ȼ
ڶգһȥʥŮʥŮʱʥŮԡ岻ʣ͡Ϊɾ֮⡣
һֻ޹
գδβʥŮ
歺ǺЦϽʥŮ˵һԾŶŶʲôƨʥŮ
歽ɺ˵ǳһ䡣
歲Լ˵дԼҶһۣ𴦡
̾һľɽʥŮһֱܶҲΣ绻ӣ
ľɽ࿴һۣľȿڵȥС㣿
ͷСʥŮĸŮĻʥŮӦû֣١ʥŮҪٶʥŮܶǡ
ľ΢΢һ̾ǺγֻǡСƶʥŮĹϵ˶ܿóܽ⣬Сƶ棬»ӾĸŮϵĶӡ
ɽ֪£ҡҡͷ
״üͷ΢΢һֻЪ˴ֵ˼Ѱ
ʥŮŲˣɽ˶ҳϼΣһգڶµҳϣﵽľȸǰ
ҳһΣӣҲæʵҲ˵ϻǼʥŮ˭
ľü
ɽϣЦЦĿҳϡ
ҳϱ˵񿴵ЩǱӴܣȴֲòӲͷƤСģ磬ȥͨһ
ðľüһЦҳתʥŮЭܽոϽģʥŮһֱܶǵνֻǡܽǿɹܲסˡ
ҳ͵̧ͷľɽ
鵭һξģ΢΢üϺЦȴЩѪȵĹâ
ҳϵģһ
뵽ľɽϵֶΣ̷Ӧ˼ȻܱʢĵϽʲôƲ磬ʥŮٲ棬Ҫˡ
ϽͨƶжΪΪȴһסǰ˵ıư
ٲдϸһſڣӷģһúȰʥŮʲôǵ
ãǵ

ҳĨźһ·ȥʥŮ
ʥŮȻˣҳϼˣľɽ˵ʥŮٲˣǾҪ˵˵ˣʥŮɿȥ
ʥŮ
һëѾͷһδɵСӾȻвʥŮͷˣʥŮɫ
ҳüͷҡҡͷ֮£ʥŮô˳
ϽģԸ㣬ΪʲôҪ˳ʥŮĻ
ҳһüͷĸʥŮҪս
ʥŮһ˦ۣλһкβɣϽֻŹ
ҳֻһͷۣ˱ۣʥŮϽһսϽİգսҪ˵ģǰǱϹƻĴ漸Σһռ˱˵ģΨһռǴΣǲⱻܣ⡭
Щ˵ȥˣԼмＸԼ֪ΪʲôǱһͳ嶯أЩԵĽѵ𣿣
ҳϲպϸӣպްľҪߥʥŮһѣ
ȴ־ðľо仰û˵ʥŮЩ֮ʣµͷֻ£Ǵɣ
ʥŮΪϽ룬ϽֲʮϽԿġҳϿġ
ʥŮЩ䣬ϽֻŹ
֣ҳϵһƬǱ˱ˮġ
̧ʣʥŮҪϽյȫ𣿡
ǰƨ
ҳѵ໰ȴ޲
Щ꣬ߥߥȥҸһͼȡʥŮϽһֱᰲãƽദ
䵽Ļ̵̻ĵز
ʢĵвãԼ֮ڵĳҲûп̱ϽΪʹͷ֪Σ˼ֿݡ
ǲս߻Ȩ
ʥŮйɣʢĵۻûϽ֪Ͻ֪֮Ȩ
ʥŮķסɫԽѿ
ҳ벻ΪνĹƨϽİգĵ׵Ĳ²ϸϸһ˵һ߹۲ʥŮɫ
ȥɫɶŴһٽ
ڵһֱ˵ɽҳϲƣӺ͸ɵѾҪѿ촽æȥظľȣڶռ̸
գһٶʥŮڣʥŮڷ˽ȥˡ
ʥŮڸλϣӸµĿľɽˣڵмܴӦϽͼȻսϼ
ľɨҳϣǺЦԭء


348 ʥŮĽЭһ

ʥŮҰæȥϵʱôû⼸ν
ʥŮһҭҳ¶Ρ
ɽ˫ֻأĿŶˣһһӦˣǲǻһţ
ûУûУûˡҳĨ˰ѶͷĺûбڨڨЦȥżСĺβסΡ
ľɽһۣɽüľȻһЦ̧ʥŮ
ʥŮüͷ΢ΪΣ
ľҡͷΣԼʥŮȥϣʥŮȻҪ˺Լϼˡҵȡ޷Ӧ
㡭ʥŮɫһǼ˵֮͵Σ
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ҳǰУӣǺܼ򵥵ļС
ϽնʹɣɽüʥŮ
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ǡ̫ʥŮ˦䣬һӦǵ뿪ʥŮ
ҳϿЦһ˵Щȫ׷ˡ
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ҳ죬ҳϲңתһ룬Ǿƺʱ
̾һ߸ϵʥŮЩƣʥŮսвնʹοӣϽȥʹϽһƽ٣Ͻй˲á
˭˵ҪǣʥŮŶˣޱ飬ֻ˵ʥŮ͡
ҳȻ
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ľȳʹ˸ɫȷ˻ˣ̧ʥŮ뿪ʥŮʥŮס
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ľȶ˸񣬽ҳǰһƣ˱ԱΧһȦʥŮű˴򿪵ɲǣжһʲôڵըŨŨ
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Ͻʿʱͣԭأ̧סڱǡ
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УʥŮŭ𣬵ҳϵĿ·ɱ⣬ԣǱӦҵ
ҳϱ˱ۣۣƽĿŷŭʥŮʥŮԣǽġ˵ҳϿһȦڵϽʿϽʿͰյıȲʥŮǵģ
㡭ʥŮŭ޵Ƭ̵Ťָҳϣ㲻ûң˵оͲУҪսսϽǲɣ
ҳϵ͵һԽ䣬˦תһὫʥŮ˼תϽյġ
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ʥŮôΪҲ޻˵ҳѾʧʲô˵ˡ
ڵϽʿ
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ҳϱʥŮβ̾һжжʥŮλãԵϽΪȡ
ʥŮǺЦ
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ʿͷٳڵڶʿһۡ
˶ͷ
ҳϻصԼд˹飬ѰʥŮʥŮޱĸ˴ӡҳϣҳ飬Ͻӡһ

ľɽǰŻڿԽҿջ˹
˽飬ûüˣͽӵϼϢ粻ˡ
ô£úõô᲻ˣ
ŵϽŮҡͷˣղϣСգհˣСȥ﹫ӣ˭֪ɽéûˣ϶лҳˣ϶ǽ첻ġ


349 Ϊʲôԣ

ҼС￴һһ﹫ǲչսˡϽŮ˵ţ˼⣬ûУûС
ľȿһۣǡǼСʲôǣ
ֻ絥ɽѣŮţһżҪҪģ
ʥŮͬҼС﹫һǰ˺üҪɱ﹫ӡŮ˵⣬¶Ȼ֮ɫһ˫۾Ĵģ죡﹫ӸòǱʥŮ
תܣˡҸϻȥҼС㱨š
ľȵɫĳȥǰСƶûһģҲʥŮСƶİﲻͬһ𣬵Сƶ׼һˣ
ʥŮΪ˱˷ֿ˲ֶΣģӲģ˭û֡
ɽľȵɫ΢˼Ƭ̣֣òǱĴһ䣬ؿҲϲ鿴䲻书ȴǼģʹ䵽ʥŮϣҲԼԿġ
ľ򴽣볶һĨЦȴûɹգɽ˵ͷ
ɽɿ̧֣ųڿȥѰ硣
ľȴŰƬ̶ûͣųŴСȥ˷ϼ
Ʋڷϼڡ
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ļ̌ҪȥʥŮȶ£֪ǼС㣬˵СʥŮĸŮ֮飬֣ʥŮС﹫ӵĽ»ᡭá
һۣ̾һ
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ľȳЦЦôˣ
˿ڻָĺܺãֻʧѪ࣬Ҫһʱĵձһİ㣬ȶҲ¶һĨЦ

ʱʥŮ
Ʋ̺һһ̨ףƽʥŮ¾׵֮ɫ˫ץʥŮ񣬡ȥˣ
ûǲ㣬ֱӾȷʥŮĺðġ
ʥŮһɫƣ㻹ûһأ˭׼ģȥ
绹ң̡뿪ɡƴ粽ãӸһƽʥŮ
ʥŮ˦𣬡Ҳ֪˵ʲôû硣ôˣ˵ǲͷҸĿ飬Լˡ
ܣʥŮ˵һͬҳף˵ģ˵绹ң
ƣҿħˣϽٺж㲻ңƫȥһ޸ܱܸ֮ʲô˳ҪסżҵģҪÿʡº£¿ͣҪźߣԷֻվź򷹲ˣѵûдҲֻϴӾҪԼ๫檣檾ͻᱻ˵ƶʡТƣȷܵӣ
ƿʥŮЩӣΪʲôΪʥŮŮΪʲôֻһ˵֣˵ҲһˣأҰѵˣ㲻һôЩ㲻һֱԣΪʲôҲԣ粻书ôˣһᣡҲҪҿԱ
סڣ
ἰԼʥŮɫ䣬˲⣬ҾٴΣҪҸǰһĳûһö
˵Ѿ΢΢Щ
ʥŮģܡ
ÿζֻҪ𰢵ͻʧأ֪һЩϢܣֻ֪Լǰȡģգȡɰأ
ãͳȫҰɣ˵ǳ׺һסϣһסϽ
УҲӦʥŮĴΣƣҰﴫʥŮ֮λҪģʥŮϽϽտֻţһϽĻ𣿣
̲ס㲻ǱʥŮ֮λҲҪʥŮ֮λҸˣǵĶӸգŮ㣬һʥŮԼ̡
ԼҪʥŮ֮λƸԼŮʥŮƣЦ֪Ů벻뵱ʥŮ
̿ʹҪҪʥŮƷʡ
ʥŮĿһޱĿƣ߰ɣû磬ȻϽǰԼϣԺٲϵʹٳǰҲٸ˵һ֡
˵ףĿİɣЦˣͨ͸˫¶Цݣ·𿴴ʥŮе˼ôվʥŮǰӣҲ˵ˣƼ޶磬˭


350 ûһöһ

㡭ʥŮᣬòѹȥŭڵһ´۵ףƣҪԲ㰢ܺ㲻ɣҡ
һжΪҺáƵĿ˵һ仰ɣ
ʥŮβŮסڵָص̾һƶŲţΪãˡֵиԹĻϽһõжķϽˣһϽȱ˵ѴʥŮ֮λģһΣòã
ҴСĻֻһΣԼɡҡͷǼᶨûʥŮӹɱüۼһĨ黺ɢﲻʮ꣬ʮʥŮŮɽʥŮ֮λպá
ôҪ޸Ǹӣûһö
ǡ
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˵䣬ת̨ףȥʥŮ֪ﲻ磬ҲˣֻﲻҪٲ֣ҵ˵Ե֣һ޸ҲѰһʥŮ̳˰ɡ
䣬̧žߣʥŮ
ʥŮĽҧأֶЩ˵вңвң
տĴ𼸵ЩĻ
вҡ
в

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¶һĨЦƣô϶ӲɿΪҺõţһӲĶˣȻɿڡ
С㣬ʥŮ﹫ӲɣǰŸľȵϽŮͻȻ˾䡣
ƵȻһŮŵĺһС㣬ԡԲ𡭡
ЦЦЦȴûܵ۵ף¡
ľЩ۵Ŀʲô㣿ܰæԹۡ
̧һۣЦҡͷллʱһ˾ͶһϣֻǡҰǸ˼ʥŮ֮λսȨ֪ǰңƢ»ԸȶϽĺƽ治ԣ£Ǿ͵֪ɡһֱѹţôҲһʥŮļ̳ˣԼġ
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ľҡͷʥŮɿڣ䲻Ʋ֦Ǳô˵
Сӻˣͷ˼䣬ʵˣĴѰء
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š
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СƶĸײԸƱҪһЩֶˡ
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һϣҪһ£Թ֪ûáҲ̾˿ľȣ̫ģ﹫ӶСĵģ˼ȻԵδزһ𡣡
ľЦЦ

Ƶ֪ľΪº󣬺Ǹжӻ˵ѾѰĴλã׼Ҹʱȥˡ
ľѶǰȥæ
ƴܾľȰס֪㵣Ͻĺƽ֮Լİɣļʮפڿ㰢Ȼ⣬ҲǸˣ֪ʱơ
һ̾һ
ѾȷϹˣ类ҰǰȥǸعǸطڶڰ޹ȥЩѣԡ˼ڵضĸ֣׼Ұ޹ĵطһ·ڹȥ
ʾȶ̿ͼһλãǵʱعʱǳǰߵģҹƵعȷλôžҰ޹ǴعȥЩΧڹȥӦعͷʹڲֱعҲͨ棬ֻҪҵͨҵع
ľɽǰָķйһͨعĴλã˵ͷ
ɽһҲһǾжɣȥˣϺ󡣡
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գȻڵ̴ͨ˽ȥľȵҲ󣬹ɽϼͨ洦ڳĶڴֻǾȳˣ̳ˡ
ľȵһ·عǰڵعǰ
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˶ϲ߹ȥҪϲȴƵɫȻһ䣬μĳδȫ򿪵ŷӽȥֻţס֣
ľȽ̤Ӱٲǰľ̲סһŴ˽ȥʥŮ
밲½һۿ棬ʥŮϲһоĶߣڱڵعĳϵǰ


351 ʥŮķ񣨶

ȶıɫ
˶Ȳ򿪵ĵعţŴ˽ȥֱӵʥŮǰ
ƾֵʥŮϵĶߣЩҪ磬ҪҪ
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ʱݲ԰ףͷѵ£ɼ¶Ĳֱϣмӡ
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ԣƻȻ̧ͷ˫죬ˣҾ
ƣϽһʥŮʹһӾͷշɣʥŮ䡣
ƶɡҡͷ㰢˵ĶԣϽһʥŮʹֵΪҡ
ֵã˵ֵþֵãϲ磬Ұ磬ҪһˣһŸʲô
ҧ¼ҪѿˮʥŮͺ˵ҲϡʥŮ֮λʥŮλÿıأҶʱͿʼңҶʥŮ֮λҲҪ˲⣿ʥŮҪ˵ٱ飿ҲϡʥŮ֮λҲҪʥŮ֮λֻҪҵ磬ΪʲôҪңҪҸһʹһŸ𣿣
ʥŮɫȻһףӹһĨǱʹһ̣һɱ֮ңΪϽΪҰʥŮλдˣҽҲҪ롣
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ľȼ״æַסмĳľЦЦȴĿ
һסΣǰ̧̤ҡ󴦵öڿտĴ𣬲Ƭ̣ɫоӷɿĳ󡢽״װõƷҲоӳʥŮķԼǰ
ȻҪ֣Ǿɣ
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׵ģʥŮȻθߣĿľȣףҲףûȢӣһûҲܻһʥŮ߸ϣҪʲôûУ
ľһ˼ʥŮǿӲ̬ǲСƶĸйء
ΪСƶĸ׻صԼļ磬Ȣӽ׵ԺӶˡ
ʥŮĲɫľͻȻࡣ
ǣ˵ʲôʥŮһ˱⳷ǰƣҸһλᣬ㻹ҵĺŮ
ҲţΥԸɲŮⱲӣǼ޶磡ƾǿ̧ʥŮţң
ʥŮĿһۡ
˲䷢ʥŮ֪ͳһذףһݣ˶ذź⳯ͱȥһתסʥŮ֣Ӳذת˸ٷһţذײʥŮĸ첲̽ϡ
ʥŮɫڿ첲ϵĺѪʱȻףҲʹͳҩһųȥȻȻ̱ڵϣ촽˲úϣɼذϵĶж
ȴһδ̧žߡ
ʥŮ̱ڵϣ޺޵ĽľȣסǣסǣҾʹӦϽԶĳȻϵĶˣҾ˴ڿһ·ϣա
ԣ˶ȻĿʥŮ
歵ɴ۾ˣΪһ֮˽ҪϽЩ޹İա


352 ƣһ

ʥŮȴܲˣĵľȡ
ľޱĻȻʥŮһ٣ٶĳҲսոϽҼзӴ˳ӴϣȻҲзϽò
һʥŮɫѿĪսҿϰգ޹ġ
ʥŮԼսҺοʥŮ񣿡
ľЦЦĻһ䡣
ʥŮһҭ޺޵ĵľȣһͷЦŭ쳣ããʵ϶ʹڳĽΪ㲻ԸҾûа취̫СϽʥŮˡ
ĻһľȵһʥŮԼŮҸҪǶ˱Ͼ·ɣ
ĸŮ£ֲܣʥŮһã˫ֽ˸ƣдʡ
ľէƣɫһ䣬æȥȴѳˡ
ع⣬ͻȻһƵĽʹൽ˼£ȴƫƫѹŲϴг
磡ƾһ
ľȰһãѸٵȥʥŮʥŮס֣лú˵
ȶƵĽͳ˳ȥƬ̺˲ѪɫתصعĿѪ죬Ǿ
߽ľȴϴ߶ƳʥŮͨһڵϣ˻Уɣɡ
С㡭ȶŹ࣬ʥŮͷʥŮŹС﹫Ӱɡ
迴ۿȣҧŭ֮ɫǰһҪڣľҡͷֹס
ʥŮѽʱ˵ʲô̼Сƶ粻
ʥŮǺЦô֪ˣ
ĿѹŲʺ;壬ҴˣҴˡɣģġ
˸ãͲҹΪﶼҪˣʥŮ˫΢ʹ಻Ů
ƻȻ̧ͷأ
ѵ
ƶĿĿֱⷢһĵĴӵǵ߹ȥӵذװγٻߵʥŮǰ
ʥŮ˫ɭ䣬ƣʲôΪһӣҪ߱ĸ𣿡
߱ĸ
ƿҡͷ̧֣ذķԼĶ޷ѡ޷ѡԼĸ˭ѡǻ
СƶҪ
ľȵͫ׾༸ҪֹͣҲҪ˹ȥ
˵һŲ˹ȥ
ƺһ
ֻöסŲ
ʥŮһŵĵƣΪҪ
ƶҪ԰׵ƻ³ôһ仰˵껰Ӿûһ˿̱ȥ
æڵϣϣ﹫ӣô
죬ȴû˿ڵ˫ͨĿơ
ˮףֻһΪʲôôѣΪʲôݲ磡
ƣͷüȥʥŮŭĺΪҪѰٻ
֪˹ơգգۣջᣬޱĿűŭʥŮذ˱ȣڵĹƳȡˣȻҾǰ֪ﲻҵ֪ǰһεʥŮ
ƣôĵӣʥŮɫ䣬ŭȳ
ü䣬ˣͲʱ̷ʥŮ֮λˣ𣿡
ң
̧֣磬ذ¾Ҫ
ʥŮͫһס֣
СƶҪ
ľȿ첽ǰһסƵ֣Ҫ£黹ûеתĵز
ƳȻһЦ
ʥŮؿڣľȣͻȻɱһһɱ˳ҾͷŹ硣
񾭲ǼȽʲô£ŭɹȥĵĸŮĹϵȴŮɱԿǻˣ
ҲĿʥŮ
ͻȻЦˣĳᣬʵʹıãΪɱ˳ļ˾ͲȢңݲңǰɣ
Сƶ
ЦıľĿۣǵСãǰôŹĸ׺Լİ˵ʹģ
ĵʥŮǱ港ʴӣΪĸף
ҲӦġƿʥŮһЦ
ʥŮŭ𣬡͵ǰɡ
ƶ
Ľһ̧ͷƣ˹ȥ磬ô
һץס֣·þһáûΪҡֵúáʥŮ
еˮ£ƴҡͷֵãֵãҪúûšҲҪʲôʥŮҪӣ¶ȵӣΪŮ
ۣǻһĨЦ૵ɵѾͷ
磡
ۼأƵĽľȵ͵һһ˸ǰ󣬺һ󣬲ɳһ
硭
ľȳҡҡͷû£ֻ̫ʹȥˡ
ΪЦ
ľң˳߿ʥŮһۣܿʥŮߣѹƵֵƣԽƶԽʷǺ¡
Ƶͷ
ơɵİܽ⡣
Ƶ㵽һͷȻ̧΢ӷĿľȣľ΢򴽣³һ
Ʒȥ
ʥŮЦϵĹûô򵥣ƣҪҰƣɱ˳ҪôĿȥ
Ʒ·ûĻĿɫ԰׵磬ã磬Ǹˣ㲻ǶҲ롭˵ɰܽϵĹƣһԺòãܽ˹ƣǾһǡһ


353 ƾ

΢΢˶Ц̧ͷӦˣ߰ɣҸĵطơ
ľȿʥŮһá
䣬ʹ˸ɫ˻⣬ʥŮ˼Ȧһ󷨣סʱ
Ƶͷ㹻ˡ
Ҫ뿪ʥŮЦǻڵġ
ƺٴδ߶Ƴ棬ȴֶ˿ʯӶ£Ȼǰһǰ˴ƬƬĻѤöĿĿϾӡ
УһӱվţӰмϤ΢ӵĳδ죬һֱбǰ˳ӵ߿ȥԶһĨɫڳӻ֡
Цſ첽߹ȥǹô켱ٵĲоܸܵĵ
ӵĲӿ죬䵽ĨɫϣĨɫǸӰΣһŮӡ
֪ΪΣܿŮӵգֻŮöЦ
Ц̲סļ£̲סĶӡ
ȴãֻܸӵӽƶ
Ůӵ˾СɼŮӽοˡü΢Ȼգ̲סһ
Ȼ
ֻʮ
΢΢ӽӲתȥӣ繵˫忡ʱĵһ鴤Ȼ
Ǹķ۵ӣ
̲סȥǼգȴն
ǸʮԼЦ˽ӵĻͷݰ
һ
ݰ
ĵʮ֣ĵʮİˡ
ݰҰﲻҼ޸㣬˵ˣҪǼ޸㣬Ҫźţڼأû취ʥŮˡ
ǳǳһЦӵڻУĿ繣ҵﲻֹһӣڼдڽӴ
ϲĴӻϵ嶣ЦӦһϽҪһӶһ𡣡
ЦܣĶȥϽҵİţ
˵˵ϼУݰãҺϲϲϲ㰡
ӵЦ繣Ҳǣϲϲϲҵİš
ƭӣƭӣƭӣ
棬Ҫ˹ȥˣǰĻȴͻȻһת
һǣһˣСĵĻǰС
ߣΧżӣϲĽŵһ߷ŸˣһСĻżӣüۼ顣
๫˵ҶкŮ
һЦѾһŮһ̥һŮô֣񲻸ã
Цŵͷ๫˵ǡ
ˮ˲䱻ŭ棬ݰ
һ٣תͷȻǼпʵգеȴٶ
˲纮
ͷЦЦɣʹ̡
ʥŮʥŮƺڽ˹ȥץסһ䣬Ϊʲô㵱겻˵ҪҵΪʲô㲻˵ǼҲҪ㴫ڽӴΪʲôȢӣôΪʲô
ɲǰǰͻȻһҳϿݵǰ
ʥŮû°ɣôˣ
ʥŮһŷӦԼ˻þһȻˮ
ĨȥϵˮԸȥȫϽץ볤ˣۣ
ҳ¶ȻʥŮ
ҪʥŮ΢䡣
ҳϴͷ
ʥŮ˵عҳһݣĵڷˣʥŮ㵱ǵ£ľ棿

ľƵһ·˷ϼ
ȶԸ˽Žգ˭Ŷź˲ԣԭ򣬱һ񿴹ȥϨ˻𣬹ԹԵĹ˵š
ƷԸȶţж̱֪
ǣС㡣ȶӦˣ˹˵ţССվڵǰһ
ľȿһۣԥһ˲˺վ˵ܿ涯Ĵԡ
һͬƵ޹¡
ľҪֽʣд˼ζҩݵݸ⼸ҩѰѰùɽڿá
ɨһ̵ۣͷ߽ʱõģȥҡ
˷ֹʼж
ľһƿһҩУˮιڣҩͽȥ
£Ҫ鿴ĹƳʲôλá
ͷ밲һ绺ϣľ־Ҫ˹ɽһץסüͷ΢㲻ɣ
ľȵͷʥŮСƶ֮δǰСƶѧЩ֮ʥŮϺ֮СƶʥŮ޵ڷֵؼѧġ˶ǰӣСƶࡣ
ǰСƶƣʮʮİգƴȫҲ߳ɰˡ
µҲòƴһƴˡ
ɽüԽԽ۵Ǻ;ֻܾû˵ڡ
ľȳһЦ֣ģҲµģƲͬƣᷴɡ
ɽԽĽ֪ΪʲôĵĪйɲõԤУҪֹɡ
Ȼ֣ľһת󴦵һ£ɽֻһ飬ӦľѾ֣ɫĿ
ľȸɸɵһЦʼ˹ֹƳλʱɫף΢΢˻Ρ
ôˣɽַס
ľҡͷߵһ䣬ɽɫȻһ䣬ЩĿһۡ
ûãƶһ밾õҩľһ̽ȷϿԺ󣬳Ƶ˵ͷһյ紽ǰ˵ҩˡ
һҩ븹Ƭ̣ɫķһ㣬ͷϸð̣΢΢Ρ
ƴ󾪣
ľֽʲ׼Ĳ쵽Ƹǰ˹ɽһۣɽޱתӡ
ľȳ˳ǣͳذ׵ݸƣҪͷѪƳ棬μɡ


354 ߣһ

һ㶣ӹذףԥĳ£һȥѪ˲ӿڲС
ľȽ˼Σй£ǰֹѪҩؿڣһ̣ؿڵѪֹס°˿
ߣľȽյĿڣĿ䶯һ㣬ֿ죬һ£С˲˳ڲѪҺС
ˣ
ľпϲ
ֹѪҩ˿ڴһЩָ״С˿ڼ˲ֹסѪ
пȥڲеĹƳ档
һ֮£ʧɫּòס룬˫ӹƣ
ν˫ӹƣƣϽϹŽơ
ֻΪ˫ӹһϣһŮϡ
ϵƣӶŮԽƳ淴Խ
ŮϵƣŮ飬Ż߶ƣŮΪʳŮ֮ġ
һ⣬һԵİµͺһ
һӦѸٵ˵ǰһյ
ľʲôذףذ䣬ĿڻһѪ˲ڲյڣɫһѳ£ǰ󣬽յյĿڣһץסס
Ʋôˣ
˵ľüĿ䣬üͷɴʾⰲ¶ŲյԼ˹̽⣬Ƭ̣㷢
Ȼ˫ӹƣ
ɫһףǲš
ʥŮȻ˴ԼŮ
СƶǰΪ𣬾һЩɥȻԼŮ㡭
ľȱ˱ۣһһ˲ֿ磬סѨĿڴļ
͵ĵɴ۾ľȡ
ľȿСƶģҲµġ㣬ŵϣ½Ұסֶܶ
밲¶һۣ˵ͷǰ̶סơ
ļ̌ͷ۹ɽɽȥȶ޵ڵıҪ졣
ɽӽһ˲ľļȣûлͷһ첽ȥ
һȶһͰŮ̧һľͰľͰȫǱ顣
ȶһǣ˵ҪʹԡͰȫˣǲҼС
Ȼ˵ǰҰŵľͰס
˶һۣ£òѾµʲô˵ı
ľ²̣֣ƻһЦݣȴȿ޻Ҫۡ
ľȴӣҧסذףһֶͷѪһָĿڴ˹
ܿ죬һ㱡ıֻľ˹Ŀڴȡ
һСļСٵĳĿڴŲľۼֿ죬ץסеذһ£ٽͷѪչȥС㻹ǰ˵ĶľһƿƣǺɫСѪҺС
ѪҺ˲̣ɫСС
ľųһ̱ڵϣĨŶͷĺˮЦһЦûˡ
ŮӶŵĵľȣвյڵĺں塣
ȶĻС㡭ʥŮʥŮ
һ԰ף밲»æ˺ͣƱӷû¶һ㣬ߣҲ
ȶ۾ͨ죬˵ʲôֲ˵
밲»࿴һۣ̾һ
޵ڣš
ͻȻײŵͬʱ̧ͷ
歿첽ȥ߱ȥ
ʵÿҲ֪ײŵ˭
ܹ԰׵ôЩӲһЩѪɫôһڣֲ԰һƬȶܹȥסżʣ㡭
֣첽ߵľȸǰС㣬֪һС·үǿ뿪
̧ȵ΢˫񣬰ۿͻȻһ죬С㣬Ϊү߰
ľ۵˵
棬歷ɿܣҳϴƣ˵ۡ
ȽɽǸϽڿſڵֵһʱ䡭
ƻȻӵվȶ㳭С·ߡ
С㣡ǡ
ƿһۣЦЦҪһˣǸϽߣҳҵǣǾ˵֪Ҹȥˡ
˲Ƶ˼ˮžžڵϣС㡣
ߣһѣۿƣĺԽĴײҲԽңȶҧҧ㣬ǲܳΪСĸۣߡ
Ҳ֪ԼС׸ȶĻ˵ͷܿʧڼ˵ڡ
ľţ㱳硭ȳڿ㡣˵һ䣬ơ
ŵͷ硣
һķܵǴܵȥ
ľףߣҸɽϺڿջϡ
ӣһҪ硣
ľ򴽣±
ǾһסԼǹɽûңľϽߣСƶƽ¾Ĺͣ
ŶĿһӦǣߣƳľȵ˸ͷæϡ
Զľ࣬űӣᶨһҪµġ
ǡ
Ҳ£ľȾܾʥŮСƶɱǻ󷨣һҪƽ뿪Ͻ
ľ̬ȼҧҧֻӦ£תƵˡ
ľȴ歿첽޵ɽϣɽɫǶ𣿡
ɽ正˵Ķˡ
űӵֽ˽ɻȥ־ûһľ
ɽһǸϽߣҳƣҪɱ۵ġһʱƬ̣ǻڿҲ硣
ˣҲܲԶȡһЩʱ䡣
ľȻ䣬ٴײҰľͷѵǲ


355 £

ɽɫһ䣬ľˣˣ
˸ո˿ź¡һײڵأҳϴһϽʿ˽ľɽ΢΢һ㶣ӡ
ľɽһۣɽǰһҳǡ
ҳε̾һЦλͲҪ֪ˣ֪С繫ӵ䣬ҵȷʥŮ֮Ҫ˴ȥʥŮ
ҳϿ֪ʥŮС˫ƣľߵɽߣʵ
ҳϵüͷ𣬡˵ĿϽƣ
ľס
ôܣ˫ϽϹŽƣʥŮһ˵һ룬ͻȻʲô͵ĿľȣϵϽ˫ƣ
˫ƱҲֻпûۼ
ľ΢΢ףǡмֹơ
ǰС繫ӽ˫ƣҳϼе׷ʵ
ľһ˲ɴĵͷˡ
ҳϵͫ΢΢һľȣһűЩʹۣĳһ
ٿľʱϴŸӵɫѹʵۻɳϽ˫ƣϽʥŮҲֻ֪¹֮ⲻùơ
ϽΪ裬ϰڹ߲࣬̽ƳڵλҪõľһ
ľЦЦ˵ʲô
ҳҲûټ׷ʵ˼ֻǿԴߣС㡭ϽһʥŮǲ뿪Ͻģ볤Ӹ֪С䡣
ͷɵװɵۣʥŮҪһʥŮôĸǵϢɽЦЦбҳϡ
ҳһ죬ڨڨһЦʥŮ
ǲҳѵûһɽü
ҳϿЦȥľȣ
ʥŮȻƼɵʥŮ֮λ뿪Ͻ𣿡ľȳҳϵһЦ˴˳ȫǸã
ҳ죬̾Ϣһгô򵥾ͺˡ
ôǲ㻹뿪ˣɽЦƵҳϣһֽľ
ҳεͷʥŮȲΥλ
ҳϽսľ
ҳҡͷֻҪλ˵С䡭
ãȥƻԭˡ˾ۣ󳤱һ˦˸һֻһӰӹѾҳ󣬱ҴصëĽҳϵĲΧһȦ
˵ͬʱһ䡣
üЦҳЦҳϣ㵱һʣ뿪ϽɣʥŮھһˣӦòҲҪ˰ɣ
Ͻʿɴ۾Ȼû뵽死ôһ֣ŵɱҳϣǷߡ
Ҫɱϡ
歳ľü
ľɽ࿴һۣ׶Ц⡣
ҳһ·͡ľȵ˺ܿ˱߽ߣصڿ
ڣӭϵ˱Ĳ磬ƽЦҾ˵¡
˻صջԽϲæӭ˼ڣǵӭôû˰ɣ
ľȿһۣ歵ͦͦظЦ磬ؿɶңǼƽµĻ
û£ǵԻͼ֣ӻͳһЩŵݸľȣϼţҵǽͲ𿪿ˣ˭֪ǿɡ
Ƕû°ɣ
¥¥ϣȶɫмֲ԰׵
ľЦŵͷû£˿δˡ
Ƴһľȷ¡
ľȲпȥŵݣɽչһݣ˶סˣľȻȻ̧ͷ磬š
дġдŸ֪С£ҲŶ˼ȥʥŮƸ׵¡
ᵽĸһ㶡
ľȵЩӣСƶ㡭˼׼㸸ס̾һŵݸƣ㻹Լɣ㸸Ϊ㰢ǡాһ
ĪЩĻţӹһĿʮеĿٿ
ȶվȻҲŵݣֽһҳһҳƿ۾ԽԽ󣬼ŵסԼ죬Լ̲סг
ôܣ
ƻ̵̧̻ͷľȣŵֶ΢΢⡭ģ˵Щģ
ľף˲ģм١
ôܣҰ˵ģҸҰصԼļȢӣڻſֵôܡôδȢգôܣ
һ䣬Щĵͺ
ҰҰԹЩ꣬Щ꣬Լĥ˲˹Ϊʲô볰ĴЦȴͻȻ
Լò飬ҲҸ۾ֻȨƵλСûĹΪһʥŮλã¸ɱ
ɿϵݣ̲סﵱ궨ȻҲһ㰮ĸףȻΪʲôڸ뿪ȻȻΪʲôôδҹɡ
ڿ˵޼ӣûаĺޣ޼ǡǡǰ˵֤
ţվֲ̧ȥ۽ǵˮľȵҪʥŮһˡ
ľûԥ˵ͷһȥ
Ҳȥȶǰ
ɽɫǺܺÿüͷšɨһۣľȳָ˻Ρ
ɽ
Ѿͷڶʹ˼ƣ
һȥô꣬ʥŮöƵĸ׻飬ǿҪãһʥŮˡ
ģҰ϶Ҹףն
ɽһҭһȥҲҪˡ
ţɲš
ʥŮԼŮҪģ
ƫɵ椶ħƵĻƣòں濴ʲôʧ

ҳǰŻصʥŮջ㱨ûʥŮ˸Сˣ
ҳϣ
ôڶ


356 һ

356
ʥŮɫһ
ҳתͷͼſڴ߽ˣΪ׵һεʥŮơ
ǰҳϣ΢һף̧ͷˮʥŮỽһ
ˣƸʥŮץ
ʥŮһ£ӿϽʿӦ߹ȥ
ҳüͷһ뿪˵ʲôʥ**ɫδͷ
ԭδӻͳһţһΪţŻִҪץң޻˵
ʲôϷʥŮɨеţмһˡ
ɫ壬еţ￴֪
ʥŮɵĿĸŮŰΣʥŮ˿ڣˣ
źʥŮߵŮǰȡţ첽øʥŮ
ʥŮӹţĿһۣñҸǰˣУ򡭡
вĻɨݶȻֹݰϴʿʮһ꣬ʢʮ⡣
ŵĵǾ仰ҪֽȻ̧ͷơ
Ƶ˫ƽˮ뿪ϽδȢա
㡭˵˵
ʥŮЩڵĺǳԼûвĲ͵ĵͷȥֽϵݣһĿʮУתķɿ죬ȴһֶ£ֱŵĩβԣݰϽѻȺܾĸ£˵ӣҪžۣ˭֪һȾʮֱ꣬˼ɼӣȻ͸¶ֶԷϢǰݰܾҹֶӼ̳ԸһδȢ޶Ůա
ⲻܡ
ʥŮЩãȻ̧ͷ߻ҵڴתƺ˭ȷϣһȦȴûҵˣȻƣ˫Ŷ־壬ظſеǾ仰ⲻܡ
һֻһˣ㣬֮δйˣνĸ°תؼȢӣſӵĻǼٵģǡ̺ƭĻѻһֱڵȥʮꡭƺۡ
סڣʥŮһֽˤڵϣصĲ˼ţƺҵĲţһ߲һ߼˵ԲϽĿ࣬ҲԲŲ𡭡Щţױдҵģ˵ֳˣ˵ӻ˵һӣǸкΪҴڽӴģݰĺúõģӶŮĿֵġǸӵĳǸ޿ĶˣôѾˣܣ
ʥŮֽĻЩҰ׵ɫ𶥿־˻̲סıͷ
ۿӯᣬʹѣ
ҳƿ˵ʱɫƼʥŮģ̾һ
ľĿһۣҳһЩĶ㿪ľȵĿ⡣
ľüɨʥŮһۣţֱϡ
ľûпҳĨ˰Ѷͷĺһ
ݰ
λ֮ϣʥŮͻȻһĺУһ̣һѪһ̱ȥ
ƾһ

ľɿʥŮվæʣҰôˣ
ŭģģ㰢ЩǲùľȿʥŮҡҡͷƵ˵Ķԣ㰢㸸һֱΪ㸸ױǵİ飬Ҳû˼ˡ
ƵͷһǸˡ
ȥҩ㰢ȰһЩҵġľ̾һƣ㰢˶Ľᣬէ㸸ȥϢ벻
ɫһףɫصĵͷģһúȰġ
ľ֣ԼҲãעϢ
ƳЦЦá
ľȽȶһȥҩץҩҩڵĿռĸŮ
ҵĴŸչϣʥŮ۾ӵűվڴǰŮݰŮ໳̥ʮµ䱦ݰһÿ٣һˮһ΢ͫ
ҲǿŮĳİһ
뷨ŰݵйݰţЩŵݣɢ
ʼŮݰһձһǿñǰ˵Ůĺá
£ԼŮݰһԼһԽԽ
Щ꣬Щʲô
ʥŮ˱ۣһˮл䡣
ŮͻȻתæֲ̧ɨûͣ˺һʥŮƽˣתװŷˣˣ
ʥŮһҪƿ첽߹ȥãһˮ˹ȥȿˮ
ʥŮӹȥһۣ˼죬ȴû˵
ĸŮô꣬ûú˵һ˴̵Ĵ⬣޲ýе˶ˣһˣ֪ôڴƾ档
ĸŮһһվãʥŮ̾һƶﰢҳл
ƵͷԵȡ
ʥŮŮȥıӰ뿪˵Բȴû
ľȺܿҩʥŮҲʣӹһ
ľЦſʥŮҩ¶
ʥŮһۣ򴽣ƺ볶һЦȴûɹҪҵֺҡɣ㡭
ʥŮǷŰɣľ˳Բ軣ڴߣЦдģạ̊́Сģ֪ԼϲϽϽĵϸʥŮգΪףȻֱ˽ߣټ桭
ʥŮɫ΢㳣ľæһ䣬͵һ룬ͻȻʥŮݰı磬ͣ˽ͣһ̾ҲʥŮݰ£ȥң֪еۣǶ֮ʲôᣬһ⣬ĵС
᣿ʥŮһЦѲʥŮļ˼ֳŪˡ


357 ؾɱ

Ұǧټһ죬ȴף˵ˣҲȻЩԡֻҪȥһˣһͱƣҡûôǺǡ
̧ľȣԳһЦЩЦԼƬЩݰŮݰɥȪ
֪Ұôģ޷ĸŮʥŮ֮λһһȥȾָˡϽϽ˵ϽʥŮ˳ӦͲĸŮ
ϽʥŮϽԸãֻҪϽǿϽԴٲˣЮϰ߾ֻһ㣬볤תʢĵۣϽ֪ΣһϽһֱ֡
ľȵͷһתʥŮܼʱ򣬴Ӵ룬Ͻ֮ϽʥŮĴ£ػᷱٲʢ̩񰲡
ʥŮЦЦϽˣҲûؾ˰ɣ
ǣӳȥ˻ʵٰ£ǾҪؾˣʥŮʲôҪԸ𣿡ľʡ
ʥŮף΢һĨ飬ϰǸõطǰݰ˵羰ļ缸ɾһֱûлȥ׼ӷʥŮİȥļ翴е
ԣľһЦʱӭʥŮǵĶ顣
˶һЦ
żֱʥŮִ磬˳ͷ۵Ͻ⣬νһá
ֻϧʧȥֱҲˡ
ƶԴˣǰûڣȴֹ۵ȰԼС㣬һֱֻۻСһô㶼ġ
ðʧȥֱۻҪ¶ЦȰԼֻ÷Լ԰ʱ¶ε
ľɽдӣ˰Ӽͻؾܿ˻ţʢĵĴãѺⷸ˲Ͻ֪ΣϽʶȤʢĵۺǸˣһЩνʾ
ֱľȵ׼̣ʥŮƲű׾׾չͨĸŮദģʽ
徭µָ
ʥŮѲų˵£ҲʥŮ˱棬׼ľһϽľȱϻؾתؽϣȥҡ
ʥŮ˼һϣͷͬȥҡ
ֻǣСôҲû뵽ǰŻصϣʥŮžʹ˸ȥ˽ϣڽðһĴլӣȻ󣬷ĴýŸԼҹŮȥˡ
ľȵ֪ϢʱЦã˱Ĭ
ĸһʱҪ
ĸͻȻ뿪ͬһˣҪŸ
ϾʥŮȥףɲһܵġ
ܹ飬˶ǰͬˣǺõģ㹻ˡ
Ǻ󻰣Ҳᡣ

ľɽּѺ
һ·ϣÿݣⰵҹɱĿһ£Ҫ˲
뾩ԽɱԽ
ʱһ̿ͣ̿͵ĺҲԽϲ̨档
ľȽذͽһ˵ǻʱһܿѪվһѿŴĲǰЦЦϺүԲܴ󽫾ǿأһ·Ҳ֪˶ɱˣ£һ̿ʲôʱ򵽣
ľһۣοʱڿˣ
ڿࣿľȺǺЦֻڿ㣬Ϻүһ㵱ҴӦ²ܼѪһҾͻԶֳ㣬ϾϺүұۣ֪˲֪¡
Ȼ䣬㡭
һ̣ľɫһ䣬ذֱ˦ȥ羪һ亹㾹ûذףذײ߷ӵһƺһڵϡ
תˣһֻһ̧һȵѪҺ
ľȴûٿһۣںֺ֣ϣһذҹɫڻ·źոһһʻ
ɽң˭ʹͰͱȥһŸϱϱɱ񫡣
ǰһ̻ҪĲ磬ֱɽ޳ܵľٶĿɿڴ⻹ǸСս֮ƵĹٽ
ֱǸϱС竣
ˣһĽͱȥϱոһذ׸йƵһһһ˫ԵĴһЩ
ģĪܵһ㱩ĸоô¶
ŭˣһӣȥˡ
ȵ߷ףһȫ̵ڵأľذͷҲصڲͷ˲䣬Ѫʣ
ɽб뱩Ĳһۣ˴ͬźذףƵһϲɾˣװʡ
磬
ŵŶ룬ϡˣүû°ɣ
С㣬ӣû°ɣ
˶һͷѪ
ϸɸɾֻȹںͽѥմѪľɽ˶Щˡ
˼ɱĶˣڶɵľǰˣϣһңŰɱ
һ歵ɫЩףȻˣľƼ̴ӻһƿȥģ歱Ͻšû°ɣ
ҡͷ˵ԼѾ˺ܶ࣬¹̫ﰵԷ˺ݣȥһҪŬһ䣬һΣܳΪúȽĸ
˶û£ɽȥةة˯ĺѻԺţһԺӵʬ壬ŵ۾Ҫɳ⡢⡭ôôˣ⡢ô
ɽأЦЦĿȥ˵أݱ̿ɧһϣȴû¶һ˯һϣٺ٣㻹ôϽɣ
ةϥһҪ£򵽰·صѪֱɥ⵱˼ʮةǵһ
ԡϴһСѰ˸ط׼緹˭֪԰Ӱɣжɣжȱˮɣˮﶼжƫƫ˶ûӳԣͲˡ
ôˡ


358 Ķ⣨һ

磬
Ļûˣ
Ųӣ˵
ϵкԼҪðģͶȥͬ̾Ϣ
ԼĲӣúˣ̧ȥľȣƺһ涡ģȡͬ飬һűϮƵʵ˺Ϸ
ѽҵѽˡؿվ󣬡ܴ󽫾ɱЦˣЦĸƵġ
գգۣĳһۣһǹ˱Ȳܴ󽫾Ӣ˧ˡ
˵꣬歵ķص˵ͷ
Ȼһ
歽ŲǰǰתɫµµɨһȦû˺ҪһȻ뵽ʲôݺݵĵһ裬͵˵㡢㡢㡭
賯һЦĿ󣬡ʲôˣ̫ϾҪˣȥЪǻһӲҪ򡭡ţû⡭
˹ĿԷĿ˶ֵ
¸ЦôãէǹĻ֣ܳȶҲŶˣС鲽ķɿ죬ﵽľߡ
ľȿЦá
ɽ˸ۣ˫ֻؿ֡
̧Ĩ˰ѶͷĺһȦЦЦȥˣǺǡ
ˣǺǡ
磬
ǺǸ
û˼ǵ˶
ٲⶾҪƨˣȺֲػ޴ˣ
ˣܺˣܡ
޺޵ĵ˼һۣ۰һһͷԵ˵ϡ
ΧԷĿ˼һֻܿ߻˳ûİӡ
ҼţûǮأûǮأʲôܡǡǰҵĿ˶ˣ緹ǵøˡ
ľȰڰ֣æ˺ɰóһӵݹȥǵϨ˵ϵĲһۣϽߣļˣǻ
˲磬
ˣȫҶˣ
ľȼڷЦһ۰׶Щɫ˽ȥŴӻ˸ˮɫĴƿֺɫҩ裬С
̻ʽҩʹѹҩ븹һȵˮˢƬ̺֪Լ˭֪׼վһʹӹ๾Ƥϴġ
Ǳסӣһץסҵǰ½󣬡ééĶ
ұһ߶µָָԼҵӣȥ䡭
ɿңŲɿ˽ȥһиϸ˳ʲôˣĳˡ
æסϸˣ
ϸɨľȵˣƲƲ죬û˵ʲôֻɫѿ
ðΣŰԺվſڣץżľȣȽŶڷ־£չ㡢ҳԵʲôҩ˶ˡ
ľüⶾġ
ŲӼèģһӣЦ
п˵ľŶװľȳԼ߹Ӻ°ϵĺ˼¡
ľЦ⣬סһɿֵˣûˣµĶǼѪģǺ׶졭СҪˡ
һﰾģһõģˮͬһտģ˳û£ƫһȫǶ˵ɺϣ̫ˡ˵⣬¶ֶǺߣ
ɽչЦЦĿŲ磬Чҵӣһ·϶һɱڣ˵ܴ󽫾Ȿ»Żʵ۵ĽŲߣԺ󲻹˭ʵ㶼ǸڵáԼǰ;˲˵һ˵˶ͷ̨֪˵ЩɵǼɵ
翴Źɽ˺һĥٸһλᣬҶɵǰѵݺ䵽ⲽأү˵ĶԣҼǰѵҲǻǰѣ
ľȸһӿɽ̵ȴһЦ֪ڸˣЩȼ˵ɣ˵Ͽ֪ܸģϽ֮ϳ˲ķϣǲܼҼѪ
ͨһڵأŻʳǵķ˿ͷʱͷĳѪɼ֮
ˣѾˡ
ɽ˲ɨĳսǴһۣһ䡣
мĿȥһۣȴɽ¶ǣһָͷ˳ͼסŮƵĴ㣬ŮӶ˿
ﰵ˾ãûŲͼǰСַס˹ɽģ
˻ĶһЦ
תߡ
ģվһִܱ̼ĸζĻһɶڴ֪أ

һ˶߶գСģɱģһ·оյ˳˾
ʢĵ˼ԱǰȥſӭӣľɽѺװвֵһ·ͨŵ·
·вٿֵϰգ֪˭ͷȵĻҵϣţҶӣʯӶѼǵص˲ϡ
׵ľ룬ĶͷͱʯӶˣѪˮһȥǱ
Ķ⣡
ˣƫ˵ʲôпʢĵ۵Ķ䣬ֻҧţֻ̧ԼͷǱԣȴˡ
ǲָܼһ˷ˣˣǿɾʲô϶˵ˣ
ľɽת˲һۣͷʱ࿴һۣüδʢĵ۸ǰ˶ҷɡ
ԽǴ֮ͥ£Խ޶֤
ôգɶ˶ȥġ
šϵԼӵķԸһ۲ĶԼӸ廨ŵĶֵľСĴ
һСĵţŵͷһֽ̧һòҶӰŵƿӣڱǼᣬɫͻһ䡣
׶죡
ȻǼѪĺ׶죡
Ȼ̧ͷòҶӷķɨȥһƼ˶Ⱥеһ꺺ӣƼһȺ


359 һһ

ŲɫŲľȸǰСҺ׶졣
Ц֣һָͷϸСƿӾġ
ľЩɨ۱ĶĥǱĲ磬Цˡ
Ҳһ˵˵ˡ
ɽ̽ͷҲЦˣͷǲģ˻ڣȥøСһƣúԼ
ЦӦת˼ԣ˵ˣ̵ͭ˫ĿһȺĴѰ
ľĿţջʱɨ˹ɽһۣʹҵ˵ͦ˳ֵġ
ɽü˵ʲôԶͻȻһƥһȼһ߼ٳ˹
ԼҶģˣܱ߽Уˡ
ֵһƬ
˽һ΢䣬ɽˡ
ԭƻС¡ľȳʹ˸ɫͬʱͷȻһֱͨǻȥ
ϻ࣬ԶȺмġϰա
ԱɽȥɢȺ
ϰǽ˵ֵԵŴѺŲĶ顣
밲²֪ʱ˵ľߣЦŵˡ
ľ΢΢ס
Żܵʱô׷ļҶͻȻ׷ˣһԾ𣬿ǰͷƥӿʱȴĿһת߬ŷذ͵ĴԶڵĲ硣
һ顣
Щƿڴڹ˵ɱ͹ϣİϷв
һֵ˶ɵӲɣ
ۿذ׾ҪԼŶһβŸϣ뿪ڽˣͼذ˵Ķһ٣ذڿлһȣ͡һ˿񱼵ϡ
ǰһƣ˻һҶ˹֮սһĺݾذ·ɣֱ͡͡һƥϴʮŰ֡
ЩɵۣľɽһȦ߼һҲ飬ֱҶйŹ֡
Ȼô꣬ҶһŲͷϣܽΪǼҺүҲģļǺܿǹȥž۵ġ
Ŀࡣ
ǰԼ
Щ󼹱ʿˮȥľɽЦ
ɽüܽ𼱣ָһǻû幬ء
Цˡ
ľ򴽣۶ڽֱļӭӵĹԱִ̧˸ָ趪һʯӶҵҶм䡣
ѹʱһɨ绹úõĴڣӵ𾪵飬ҪȳֹʱͻȻһ𣬱˵Ѩˡ
ɽſϣɵȥ幬ԼϽͽΪʲôɱܴ󽫾ǿеϺү˭
ǣүӦˣһ־һ÷ǰĺ¡
ƥȼŵ˴
ϰձһŵĶûٳңһ˺ܿߵţһ̫ЦӭǰӡϿͣλ빬ܴ󽫾Ѻ˳츮Σ󡣡
ľ΢΢ü˹ɽһۣɽҲ΢˴ǣӻһԪ̫࣬ɡϣ㽫ܴ󽫾ͬˮɱܴ󽫾Ѻȥ˳츮Σ˳츮书ǿЩɱ˲ܴ󽫾òܼıϽһ޶֤˳츮˿ˣǵó˲ܴ󽫾ϹҪԲˡ
ǣүӦˣżʿͷȥ˳츮
ľȿһۣȻˡ

幬
Ԭ̫ԶԶƼľɽȥͨ
ԬЦǰʥϣѾˡ
ʢĵƺûԬ΢ͷվһԲٿ
Ԭ̫鷿ûжֵ̽ͷɨһۣԬݺݵ˻ȥԬ̫ŵæͷ֪鲻Ծæ߳ȥסѾߵǰľɽˡ
ӣԺūȥһ
Ԭ̫һ̤幬ȴûȥͨǰվ鷿⡣
֪ȥãʢĵ۵𣬡Ԭ࣬϶ҵأ޵ĳأɽǳСأް˽ȥĶˣ
ϣūĲǣⲻʥһʱԬЦԼӣЦʲѾˣء
ʢĵЦԬ༸䣬ԬŻ߳鷿ǽԬ̫һۣ幬ľɽȥ
ˡүˡūĲǣһʱû˵ͨԬЦľɽ㶼֪֮ˣﲻʢĵ۹أҲ˵壬ֻЦŵû˻ϵ°ɣ
С˵˼䣬Ԭ̫ЦӯӯĴӣ˽鷿
ߵϣꡭ
ɽߵϣꡭ
ʢĵ۹Ц첽鰸ԷڹɽͷСӣ׳ʵˡ
ɽȴһԶ㣬ϣ־߯ˣС첲СȶĿܲס
ʢĵ۵ɹȥһָۣƣ޵ĹٽûһϢ
ɽʼ磬⻰˵ˣҵȥӪһȥٽĳƺЩ˿ҵϣڳƺģǸսһŸţƺġ
ʢĵɫȻһ䣬΢ֻһ˲ʧ٣εĵŹɽľȵЩԲס㰡СУôСԽԽףҪҪٸʲôġ
ľĵһ


360 ˼һ

δü˵ʲôɽһ߬ס֣ѹԴյߡ࣡һڡ
ǿɲɣһԼȳ׷ǻϣԵģôܷڣڱһˣֻܼ޸ˣ˵ϱŪûˣͷҴ͸ʲôŲŲǧС㣿䶼Ҫɣҿܻܲٻ飬ȻȻҾ鷿ԲȣҲˣ
ɽ§ľȵļͷһӵܸеƦƦģʢĵۡ
ʢĵ΢㶣˼䣬ȴЦõĵ㰡㡭Ǹһ㶼ʱأĸǶŮӣôôúǰҲûûСģʵô򣡡
ʢĵ۵ĻԬథһֵ̧ߣЦʥ򱱺ү飬ϵһ˱ȣүҲŸʥǰ˼ֶ⡣
ʢĵЦԬһ䣬֪֪ܲСǳ׼᲻ôˣϽɣϱϱ޲ģ
ɽٺһЦƺܵüлϣҾʹϱȻȥ
ʢĵЦżֳİڰ֣Ͻ
ɽ˾Ҫܣֱʢĵ۽סһ£νϽ֮йҪʲôͣ
ʲôҪϱϱŪû˾ͳɣɽƤЦ
ʢĵһЦŵľȣأûʲôرҪģ
ľҡͷҾӹϽܺƽǶ˻ϵߣϽʥŮóϷ
ʢĵľһۣ鿪ĹЦѾͷŹɽҲѧˣòá
ɽӰ㽫קľһģ·ûһ㣬ϴӦϱϱġ
ʢĵûĵһۣ޻࣬˰ɡôǼҳˡ
һ˵һˡ
˳鷿ɽ§ľȵļͷŰľҴͷĶ촽䶯һ£ͷǰߡ
ľͷһɿɨ幬һۣܲ˵ĵطѲһ飬ȫˣҴɱ⡣
ʢĵ۾Ƕ˶ɱ
Ϊʲô
ΪǶ˺ϽңǴϽôవɱȴû˵˷ֺ
ĸǺϢ
ľǣԾ֪ȴûвʢĵ۵ɱģ
һ·幬Ԭİ˰֣Χ幬ϤɢȥԬ½鷿
ʢĵСÿζʹһУԼ޵ֶˣ
Ԭഹͷûг
ʢĵۿŴ⣬ָĦϵֽðΣųԬ̧̧֣˸ҶǶˣ޵Ҫǵжͣ
ԬӦվԭûжʢĵüһۣ˵ʲô
ʥϡԬǰһ΢΢ѹ˲˵ܼǱߡūϺүЩϻ˽µĶ٣ܼռ⼸£½½ʮˣǲõġ
϶նݳ֪˶ˣðǶƲɾʢĵЦһԸȥúöŲܼЩˣΪʡ
ԬӦǣмתȥʢĵ۵Ǿŵǹɽ볤־Ȳܼˡֻ迴Żǡ
Ԭ΢Ӷ˶ǣūͷԸȥ

幬ɽľȣƶƣʵĿȷֱ¹š
¹ſڣڲԶţǰ˳ߵ˽ǰô
ɽƤЦû䣬׬ˣʲôôûá
̾ľȳûһ䣬ȥ˵һ·ˡ
Ǽ֮ˣʱͲ̬ȣæ
Ȱ貼ú󷨣˽ݡ
ľȽֵ״뼸˵ˣɫ̴䣬ʢĵɱǣΪʲôѵΪϽ֮£
»л֮¡ɽ΢䣬ʢĵֻʮǾһ·ɱȴȫˡʢĵ۶ɵӡ
ľȣüͷ΢΢
ľˮȻһ
ʲô˼ǾǼҪôҪôܸˣȱ첲ȵĲ⣿
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üͷ˼Ƭ̵һϢ˳츮ΣܼǱԽ˼ѾȺʮˣЩ˴ǲõˡһ·Ųȱ˳츮ĴΣ˳츮Ϻүˣܼ»Ҫˡ
˵̧ͷľɽҧһڣʹҧǣҲһʢĵ۴ˣݵƣҵķ϶ûһѣǰפϰ뱱ֵı߾ĲֱȨϽǵıȨΪʱϽƽţʢĵûҪǰɣ
ɽɽûѽ˻Сеô˵һΣʢĵ۵Ŀ껹ҵıȨϰ֡ϽȨᣬֻСֱȨѲΪ塣ʱΪ̫ӣҲʢĵۿ⡭
̧ͷһۣӹȻ֮ɫû뵽һԳͨ͸
ӭĿ⣬΢΢ףһԵľȣʢĵ۵ĿһʼҵıȨܷϽһ£ջرȨвܼһ¡
һڹɽϣǹӶְɣ
ɽüͷô
Щ޴軰һڣɽͺˡ
ȴߣľȵû´ҵĴӦòȡϽϵΣϵõϽһ֮


361 ˻

΢䣬˻ʱʢĵˣҵıڽ¶Ǿһ֤ݣݾߣϺү˸򣬾ô׾ٵĽҹȥˡ
˵ʢĵƻңҸƻˣ
ôһɽˡ
һۣĬĵ˵ͷ
ľ̿
ı£ǰ̾硣
歲ĴЦ˳ԼҸ翴һۣʼֹסЦ⡣
üͷľȣʢĵۻ᲻Ѿ֪˲ܼҵǹͱȥģ
һͬʱһ
֪ˡ
һ
ɽ˫ֻؿ̫ʦϣü΢ţȥ幬ʱʢĵ˵һζĻ˵ҵλδȣҪСϽ֮С
ôδ𣿡ľ˫΢䡣
ɽһЦʲôҪ£赶ɱˣҲÿԸԸʵվŸ˿
ԣ̽ٻһǶľ棡ľüͷ
ɽϵЦҵҹǽѶĲ²ʢĵۡ
˲ɽҷ·ǵǹӰȽ͵ʢĵ۸ǰģ
歵ҲЩơ
δСӵǴĿ⣬ɽⲻ˼飬ʶ͵ʱС״ۿ͡
ļ̧֣̌²ֹܹɽ
ڽţʢĵôһ壬ȻˣҡҪģԣܼЩ޹ؽҪ˿ȴһ磬˵ʢĵۻ᲻ڴΰб磿
ͷһᡣ
ҲпҵĶ뵽ʲôǰһ
ľȵͷʢĵ붯ңҲҪңȻģǲԸн籣磬۶ʱٰ·Щɱ
Ļ࿴һۣԳƬ̣˵ͷõķˡֻʢĵ۵һôҶԹв²⣬ֻǶմսµĺֱ֪ɱŹġ
歱ͷҡҡ˵ͷΣǸҶȽ֣ҾҪǵֽܶȥĸʲô
ʱһ
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Ǳ¶ˣŲʢĵ̷ȥ㸸ףɽɫѿĵľȣУʢĵۻսŮ޽򱱺𣿡
ľһҭգգۣ⳶ţ̿ʱǵö£Ҫôһʢĵ۵˿
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༸۾ҲѰ˽ˣʱֻʣľɽˡ
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˭֪һ̧ͷӭϹɽ۾ģЩһ۵ĸоһ˲˵ʲôеıӱɽҧڿУһͷˡ
ľȰһҺȹ
㲻ȥүɽ豭һԵĸ߼һţ˫ֳߵĸ߼ϣľȱƽ̫ʦУľȵģЦеʥּ˵㼰Ǻ޽ҪȰ°ˣ
˵ɣȴЩһ˫ЦеﻹźŵĽš
ľЦЦƳһ̧ۣ§סĲӣɽҪǰȡ˰ɣ
ɽ͵һҪȴľ§ĸŮ˵ڶߣĻУֻǳ򱱺ûʲôҵŮսŮʢĵ۱Ͷǹ˼Ҽɵ֪ҵʵݣǹ˼ҡ
ͣһ£ڹɽĻ˲䣬żҵʢĵۻṷǽǹ˼ҺҰʲô
һ㣬ǰ뵽ֻǾԼӣȻ㻵ֵز
ɽ幬ʢĵ̽Ŀ˸ɱ⣬ˣˡ
ǻӣ֪ĳЩδ£¶⣬ƿزˡ
սĻ꣬Ⱳû䵽սϣ˾Ϧա
ɽǰжʢĵĹϵԹ˼ҶɱģãѴ̡
Թնں˼ЩʲôɽסһתԼ̫ʦϣ˷Լϣһ˽ڻС
ٶŲ붴ɽսľȴߣſҧȥ
ľһ۾ǰŴĿ˫ҪƾܣȴһǯסһֻѹĺףصĴ

ҧˣɽȴЦеĶ
֪˶ãľֻҪˣɽ̾һŹ§ڻУĸĺ󱳣Դ˼ɳƵѾͷôͲһЩõģǰʢĵλʲôأ
ľؿ˳һ٣̧˸۶⻰˵˵㡭𣿡
ɽ۾һУˮĺ촽ľæסһ´Ҳ˵Ҳ˵ˡ
ѵüһ棬ɽ̲סЦ
˧ӣǳһ˫ҫ۵ľȼŲߣ˻ĵ׻ը
ڰ׷ӳǰӵЦգԼҲЦˡ
ƼЦӣԲ⣬ɽϵЦһ٣סؿڣקУɵѾͷЦˣЦҾͿƲסԼˡ


362 ͻķ

̾һ˽ӵڻУͷͷݺһڣѹѹ궯ֻ뷨ͼƻǰߣù˼Եģ˼ҡʢĵۼȻѡңʱᶯ˼ңȻ߾ӣ˭ɱСǸС綼ĵߣʡ
ľУֻĿһͿʢĵǰҪٶС֡
ɽ°Ͳ˲ķİɣҲԼµģһûȢŶء
ڻ˻һ洫һϤĸƺվſЩ֣˵˻ôſһ˶ûУ
ĸľһһ´ӹɽ˳վȣ׼Щҵѣܷƿӽˡ
ľһЦɽҵͷڻһĸ
ܷˡɽܷʾ⡣
ܷˣ
Ŷģҡ¹ԣ¹ߴľҵͷѣٿ˷ϣЦתһ䣬ѽȻŮ˳ϲҡ
ĸ
ľֻˣ߲ܷˣתͷ˹ɽһۡ
ɽȴЦеĿɹʱɿһ㣬սǣҲʺ̫ãȻ򱱺Ҹʱ䣬ȥһ˾
ľȵͷɽͳȥתݣѾ׼ˮݸ裬ϢһǱѾˣܿͺá
ľЦŵлһˮ裬£Ǵڴһģ˭֪һ˯˹ȥѰʱһСñӸˣȫ˳ȥú˯һ
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һȺֵĳ˷˸Űʣû°ɣ
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һ£ġĵֶ࣬ϳ;桭ú˯һ
СȥҲԼ䡣
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˵ǳƣ£ԼҩúϢվˡ
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ľһ˯
۾Ƽɽڴߣһ˲˲Ŀ
ãȻ˼ϢŷӦԴƼ۵µĺȦ֪ʲôʱģʲôʱģ
ɽã˸ӭĿͷŵգ̾һһһϲôžһȦ
ľȣ
ֽɽסЦ۾вˣΡ
Ƚ𣿡
ʱǡ̽ͷľȣüͷɫôôȥ࣬ҩ
ľȷӦѾɿȥɽҪιľȳࡣ
ľȣ
㣬һûϴ
ЦŶˮݣľҪһֻѹ££ˮ˹ڴϴһ£Щ䣬´Сˡ
ЦӦˣɽӣȥԺһ
ľȣ
ˣǱʱɽˣһûϴһͷҳɼѵͷ
ǿԵڴϴһֺ࣬һҩһĶͷοˣ΢еȣҲȥˣڼ˯ɡ
˵գڴϣǺạ̃ȥˡ
ҲЦʰ˷䣬ľȥˡ
ûһɽ߽ŶȷʵЩȣպ⼸ûʲô£úڼϢգϹȥһˣ뾸뾸˵˱ǡ
ľȺε̾һôЩȣͺˣôڴôܺã
˵úϢգͺúϢɽĶͷĻ̻̣ܼȴҲɵʢĵû̬֮ǰʲôʣЩϺзǱQʲô˻˳츮ǱҲ֣òµġ
Ļ䣬ͻȻ歵ľȥɱ磡


363 ı

꣬Сһ㣬廹ûأҪżˡ
ɽһڡ
ľ˻ΣﲻԾЩŴĽǻɽû¡
ɽĵһ̧źεգ˳˳Ŀһλãŵǽ˵ϸˣһô죿
ľüһ䣬Цŵͷ
ɽ˷䣬Ƭ̺󣬴ż˽ҡ
歴ͷЩǸεĿľһۣȽԲ𡭡
ľЦЦڴߣ˼һۣЦԼҵطɡţ鵽ô£ϸ˵㡣
ռ˴ͷλãɽЩζһֱ正歱ͷƤ飬ľȵ֣ЦҡҸһ
ɽüЦߣѱᣬڱסľȵ֡
ľһ죬һۡ
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ȥǡ̧ԣһǳЦͷΪ
СΪ
ͬʱļ˲俴
磬㣬Ϊʲôľɨ¶εĶˣͻȻ뵽ʲôϲõĳɽգգۣ¸ġ
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ľûһۡ
ɽ鼫õڱŪָȴһ״裬λ뵽һ𣿡
һЦʢĵ۽ߣζǰĲ²ǶԵģʢĵ۾Ҫټ˰ɣ֪ӡ
ףС㲻ıϡ
ſŶˣͷ췽ٲĿ;ͽ˳츮ԿŲ˹Ųתء
ľһ
ɽ֣ʱڣȥ˾ӾǵһЩϢͷȷʵˣΪϣС
ãһڵʦ֮Ůĳպм񡭡ҵҲ˵ˣͷĿǰֻǻɣûȷе֤ݡ
ҡͷֻû֤ݣ࡭Ѿ֪ˡ
ͷͣ˵е֪࣬ͻȻմүսү˸ɱǰһ̻£ġΪ֪֪࣬үŮ֪վǵӪȥͬһӪпΪүԣԡ
迴޷лӹԣǵʢϽʧٵϢ·Щɱֺʹ̿ͣйˮĲܼˣϺүֱʡ
΢
һЦľȣ鶸Ȼ˼أȽҧңмְϺүᱣ֮ܣ
Ϻүսɳʮİǣ߰˳ɰɡľȵƤһЦȴްЦ⣬ϾҶֵĲֻϺүһˣܼλء˵Ϻүôһܣۿܼʢĵ۳Ա񡭡
ɽģһ٣̾һðɣҲпϺүǰһܼһʢĵ۸ǰҩԡ
üɽЦЦεĲüˣòĻԲѣ²֪
Ҿͳûּϲ˵һáɽ˲뵽˺¡
Ļ˲һ
边Ȼһۣͷһ¾ãǸ⣬ܴʢĵ۵Ľģ򱱺һ𣬵ʱʢĵ붯Ҫ˼ˡ
һЩ£ľɫףʹ˸ɫ˳˷䡣
ɽľֱ˯ţų
轫еԺһڣһ·ǻŲȴû˵£ǵúŪȥʢĵ۶򱱺ģֶôһȽĻҪһЩۡ
ɽصĵͷģһ´õġ

ͬʱһ·ԬŽ幬鷿
ﳼ磬μϣ꣡ﳼּɱﳼͷߵ룬ͨһڵϣͷڵϣ¾ͿƤѪӿһȴδȻصĿͷ
ʢĵ۽еëʶ̧ͷɨһۣ䣬磬޵Ĳܴ󽫾޵ĺð䣬һֱΪ޵ˣ˭֪ˡ


364 Ҫıһ

ͷĶһ٣뵽ľɽ˵㣬ҧؿͷһ߿ͷһһ˻ߵﳼͿ֪أ˵ƻ첻ˡ֮һƳ˳ǰȥﳼȽѱһ¸֪ϽʥŮϽʥŮľ˳ϣŵϽԶԸϽڵһǣΪϻס߾֮أϷϰС
ʢĵԣһϲվԵ棿
̧Ѫ¶ɵЦݣػϣǧȷ
ãʢĵĴãЦĸ⻶죬ȻһɨһԵԬ࣬ɽͽΪʲôԴֻδ᣿
⡭ūҲö֪Ԭഹͷ
̧ĨһѺס۵Ѫ캩һЦϣϽ֪һ£ǻϵĴ󽫾أ¶ֻͳ˵ˣӡǶ֪ءϽֻʹҵĹٶ󡭡
ʢĵһ㶣ѪɵЦݣﷸֹЦɵ㶵ǵпǱƻģܼһٿԼͳҲûĴ󽫣ҪѲͲܼ˸ɱˣɾһȥԱ
Ͻ߾Ĳ磬ĲأӪĲϣĲ͡
뼰ˣʢĵ۶һŸ˼߳ŭ
պ޲ͷʲôˣô֤ͷԼһ˵˳ȥǡɼ
̧˲һţ簥һؿʹĵڵϣи۵һѪ
ʢĵһԼĽţ㵵Ŀǡ
ʧˡĿʢĵһۣ׷ɱһ·˼أһҪ˱޶֤ǾժĸɸɾϣˣΪүԳ֪֮Ͻϴߣﳼ֪ͷүƴٳϽ߾ĺƽ˱ǴˣϽ
һ˵һѪʢĵֱüͷǰ·׷ɱǣˣôƳɽСӺ˰ǰɣԬࣿ
Ԭ࿴˲һۣ߹ȥ̧סʢĵ۶˼䣬ʢĵ۴Ȥģ
˵Ͼһ˵ʲôˡԬ
ʢĵ°ʹĺ룬һȻˣͿ޷ãɽСԸ⣬ɽϾ¿ҲûӦ
ԬЦ˺үأүжүүأû𣿡
ʢĵбһۣҲЦˣ˵Ҳмֵ
ס죬ţֻԼŪһЩԼһ˵ϧ
ʢĵۿһģü磬;֪ͷ˳Ͻһ£ҲһֻǡͷֺݣǼѳ֤ݣ޼Ĺǲܼһٿ˵ҲȥͷһأЩ𣬱ϾڿʮĻأ
ϣԸΪ֤ˣָ֤½ָ¡֤ݣڵأҪʹ޳ˣˣ
ֻҪȷʵǲܼһžͲüˣ
ʢĵ۾һӹһĨɱããǶΪޱ㹦֡
лϣлϣ֮֮˵һ䣬³һѪһ˻ȥ
иҽƣдôеϧš
ԬЦŴӦ£ʥϾưţܽĶҪ¡
ʢĵ۰ڰ֣Ԭæ̧̫ȥ

ڹУʢĵ۵Ƥӵ˼յˣҽ˵˵ļأҪĲ´̡
ľȵĲҲԽأʢĵĸ̫ҽȥʱľ˻ԡ
ҽϢǣһ·ۣܹˣ𣬺ܿܳŲٵļһƬ
ʢĵ۶˾裬ʼҡ
ʢĵ磬֪类ʢĵڹ˺ܵİš
ֻǣôҲû뵽Ȼһ٣Ҳ˵ջ˵ţ
ʢĵ۽ųţڶϣЦһǿλãҪı𣡡
ϳңӹǧֶԲߣʢĵ۵ıֻ֣ܹҧң
ʢĵ۴վӸµĿŹ̨µĶɨվŵûһ˿¶ȣңһʲôҵ𣿡


365 ϲߣ

ϳԻϻүʱϣϼλϳŽʿսָϳĶϳԻϵģ¿ɼڵϣϥſ̨׿ϳдȴ治磿ⲻƾ°ѱɱűαݺϳģϣϳԩҪϳ
ةŶ޵ģһ飬϶Ǻ˼
΢΢ףɨһۣ˻⣬޹һ׼ᣬڶʲĿյѸײڶ֮ͨһڵϣϣϺү޵ôң飡ϳ£
顣Ϻүвܼͨѹ֤ҪһҲϺүıͨѹ֤⡭δ̫ɺˡ
λЩƫʧ˭˲֪Ϻүһģܼ˵Ϻүұ಻ΪϺүϽӴżΪ棬Ϻүһһ׼ڲţˣϺүϺүšֻ˵֪ܽͨѹ֤ݣԷ϶һҪСˡһ۵Сٻ߳˵ߣ˵껰ѹڼ󣬳ʢĵۿһͷΪ罫еŲαģģϽıһع⣬ǽȫƸ˲罫ϧֽ罫֪ȫɱ·˴ɱ罫볤һУ˼˾֮ģȻңֱ˳ݺ
ʢĵ͵ĿԱһۣ㵹
˼ԴСԱ
˵ĺá
ʢĵۿŶЩΪ߾˵꿪ʵ۴ɽ࣬ȫƾϲãʵͳʽӽ̲ʷ̨˾һڣҪ
̲顢ʷ̨򡢴䣬ͬʱ߳½ּ
ʢĵ۰ֿ֣˶һۣ˳츮ڣ
˳츮ɫ˲һףֻһֱ꣬սս߳£΢ڡ
ܼ˹˳츮ΣȺ޹ȥʮˣ˵ģ
΢˳츮˵Щǲģ̧һƼʢĵڶĲģɱ°һˣʲô֪ˡ
ͷ̺ϣ΢ûп˺÷ˣ·Īȥ롭Ͻ
˳츮֪̰࣬˳츮һְΪãòμӿƾ١ʢĵһ˦תϡ
˳츮׼ʢĵһڣΪ˹ٱˣ˭֪꼰ɰһڵϣϡ¡
ʢĵһ˳˼ԴԸλãغ˳츮
˼Դһ㶣æͷлԸ⣡֪֮Ϲѣ
֪֮
ʢĵãλ仹𣿡
ٹ͵͵ŹڵϵļˣȫĬװȡ
Ȼ£Ǿ˳ʢĵ̤ˡ
Ԭں棬·˼ԴʱЦЦ

ٹŲ붨һĬȫ˳˳á
ȥæ첽߹ȥôû°ɣ
ûпڣϥǻվĿվڲԶĲ磬ЦããϷô꣬һҧ˵Ĺ
лүֻ࣬ǡ绺վڶ붨ĵطүΪһ֮˽ҪҲܼٶ˵ҪҲܼѪδ̫һЩ
İǣָŲŭ
糯һЦڶϣҪʲô˾յʱ䣬ϺүҪú˼˼ô죿ǱҷȨǱȨҡŶԣҪ뱣ȨǾıˣ
˵꣬ǿĿŶЦ
Ȼתȥ
ؿڷƣһѪֱӿһֻֽ߬ŶӣӿŶɫǵǻȥɣɫѿ
Ļδ˵꣬ſһѪһ˲԰ֽ
ŵҲŰˣңû°ɣ
Ŀ˶һۣĿӹɫѿҧߣظ
游һӵĽŲһ٣ų˴ȥ
䣬ĿͶȥ̧ų˴ֱ񹬡
ʲô游дţ󾪡
ɫһЦ游һСĽһΪʲôô


366 ģһ

Ҷú˵üͷ˶һۣ游ĸнյĵö游ڳ
ģˣĸĺ游ʹ˲ˣû˻ȥ
Щͷ۵ķ˷⺢ӣôô˵游游Щսºͣ㸸ܶĸΪ游ʧ㡭
ĸĻ֪ǰȷʵΪ游ʲŶ࿴ڡû游ѾǶǶ׸ҡ
һ㶣ʲôϵ

߸߸߸
һظ飬ǵʺ»ӣıĻλŶҳ֣길ʶԶ̬ȣǲǴŴҪһǲǧټƵĴ游ҪȨ
Ȼĵɴ۾Ҷ˵㸸ôȦ游ıȨ
صĵͷڵ游ĶԻ游ǱҷȨǱȨҡ游ǱȨҸĸ游סȨǱõļߡ
⻰ʲô˼Ϸղ䣬㶵ĿҪָĶָ
ЩɸֵĿվԼĸҲã游ҲöǺͨ͸ˣôô޶ۣ
ĸ游ҪôסȨ֮Ī֮Ī죬ĻʣҪ游ı˵᲻ǣ
Ȼһ䣬ɫף⡢ûбİ취𣿡
취а游ѱȨȥʡЦһû˱ȨĶʲôãʱһᱻѹһͷҪ֪ܼҿиĹ֮׵ة࣬ðڽɽܼҵˣʱʲô̫֮λ
һ޺ϣǺã游ôܵĸԺô죿
Ҳһߣ׷ɭɭɱ
游ȻҪɱ磬ͲŽŽ˾Ҳų˳츮ΣôһٶĴĸ游ֶ֧ˣ
˵˵һЩķ游ΨһĻ֧ĸӣѵȥ֧뾸ɣȻȥ游һˣԻὫʸס
ޱĵ˵ͷˡ
ȥ῿޺ϣ񹬵ĹùҼӣһ͵˳ڽ̤ϣᴷ˫ϥ
̾һҶĻ㶼ˣ
ū澶ˡùõ
ôҵҶ˵мֵû˱Ȩô峯Щ佫ةǰ㾫ˣ˵׼˻侮ʯҸҶں󹬵ӡҶ̫֮λ
컺ȰżҲûãģٺүһˣҲôһº·ôߡ
˵ĶԣʵҼͿˡ̫Ѩһͷ۵ĺܡ
ǡ˸ˣŻԴͶһûһš

գٶ񹬴һʱڸŮ˵Щʲô֪
ֻǣڴյ糯ʱ˳ʢĵ۵⣬ڿפıȨ
ʢĵĴãֻ˶ٺ»ͨѹİӾô߸߾
ٹټ˲ʢĵ۵⣬ȴһ˸վһ
ة̩ɽ΢ӣûȥһ
ڲܼңŮû跻жӪûնɱһˣȫҶסҪһ㣬Ԭ˽ﻹŮأжƾ㲻ӰԺݽ
籧Ԭȿ޵һѱһᣬȫ˹ڵϿͷĵѪɤӺΪϸͿأѣزϺ
Ԭתͷʢĵۣʢĵ۵ĴЦԼͷұӲԼߣгɾ͸УԲܼҵĸмܣûãߪ½˽硢ءϼֵҲ˶ӪԼ
ȴ֪żֵ͵ȥľȿͷлӵĻ֮ԲܼҼģպܼұǳˣ˵ֵܾ


367 Ͷϣ

ء϶Թ˳츮εĿͷĴˡͶ·ֻܵĸоǿ־˼£ֱؾǺĵĸǣиӿһԡ
ǲûб̫Ϊ̾ǶҪǻܻ
ǻˣһַʽ
ǲܼҳıߵĳļֱͶأ
Ͷ˼ͷǰ÷δ̿ӣ͸ô𷣣
ľüʹ˸ɫüǰ˷
ľЦ̫ܽˣֻһССüλһ򡣲ܼܷ׻ǲܼþǵϵʴȡ
ƨʴȣ
ҪʴȣܼҾͲᱻؽ˳츮μ£ôҪ͵͵գЩֵܸǣǵ˳Ԯ֣Դ˼ҡ
翴信˼Ƭ̣ÿֹȥӸµָ·
ľɨ˲һۣϺǳЦݣ
ȻһЦǰһԵλϣľɫ糣Сˡ
ܼҵû϶䣬ұȫܽպҪЧϲǡ
ɻĿľһۣͷȻܼҶԻĹֻϧѴ̫ѡüޡ
ľüͷһ
˳Žӹ˻ǰһ£ԪˣǲˣֻǿϧةͣҲ֪ܹʱ
һ㶡
ʱӵңתͷ֧û룬ǵĿ߶ǣǻ˭
Ѳλ
뵽ɽˮľͻȻһ
ˣôѾˣ
˵ĸλ£ȴǳ⣬Ψһһڹ⿪µһλʳĻӰ
˵ĿⶼϣȴʺûеӣеĻӶо̫ӵʸ񣬶۵ľҲ֮һ
꾸ڳе͵Ĵ˴£ͻȻһֹĸо
Ǿǣⲻ۵ľ˵ڰϻ
̧ȥľȣľƽ˶һͻȻЦˣȭǲ³çˣӵľ֮ǲܼġ볤Ӷաǡ
ľһЦ磬Ͳܽλˡ
ףͲ˳š
Ŀͼȥ²ľȣʲô˼㲻Ͷǣ
ľЦſ衣
ҲЦ֣û뵽ϸȻһӾӻе˼
üҿŶˣҲЩ˵˰죬ɶ˼
ܼԴ˱ˡɴ˵ȻЦ˽ͣӵĻ԰ѹӵľ֮Чʢĵۣ˽Ȼ洫浽
𣿡歲̫ţ˻ܹȥסʾЦһۣͷС˵Ķԡ
һЦ
Ĳʲôһ˫ӿǸ۾ġ
õĿ̫㣬ЩΪһɰݸľȣȽܽҴΪл͵ƱǴ˿̲̫ûƱ˵ǴѽܵĶóȥˣöסЩùԱĿڣҲʢĵۿǲܼҳЧ·ܲΡ
ľȽӹɰЦЦǸˡ
һˣǽʲô
ļ̌ƤһЦǸˣȻʲô
ǡüͷ΢ƺ˵ʲô
ЦŸ󣬡Ҫӵˡ
ӣʲô
幬
軹ǲ⣬ͻȻ߽ɫŹֹĿһȦߵľȸǰһ仰С㣬ӽˡ
ľһͷʾ֪ˣͻȻ˳ǣ򱱺һȥģ˵һ˲֣ȥһЩ
ľȻҼǵùɽ˵ȥ幬ȢҺøҳϲţ
ͷ


368 ϱϲһ

򱱺үȥʲô޹ҡźգգۡ
ƵŹˣС˵Ǽү˵ˣȥȢǼҺүŲȢûϾǼҺүͬ£޽ȥǼɹ֮״ܴЩǡ

Ȣô
ľǳ˳飬һ
򱱺үôжѵõ򱱺үȻŸȥ幬
ַ̧˷֪ôλδĹˡ
Цӱ磬˵ϻӦ𣿡
歴һڰһ˲̧裬˳ĿҲ裬ٺЦһ磬㻰أ㿴ʲô
һ죬һۣˬСΪأʢĵۻӦ򱱺𣿡
ϣۼɨĶ⣬Ŀ˲们תľȣҾţܳɵļһһ룬˿ʢĵô򱱺ˡ
С˼ұȨʢĵ֣֮ʢĵǿпù˺ү𣿡ӻ
ף򱱺һãǻ̳Ϊֿȵѡԣʢĵ۲ûͷ
üûףʢĵ۲һѰһû𣿹ھȨƣȢ˹óʢĵ۵Ϊʲôͬ⣿
˼һû򱱺ɽһվѡԱҶлԼŮŮ򱱺һǰƽĺԣЩ˼ﰵﶼ͵͵Ͼ˵ûǣһЩϷ롭ԣʢĵԸʱҼ޽򱱺ľһЦȴûаЦ⣬ż⡣
ͷ
˺һŷӦ˵ʲôȣһڣǹҪģͻʥּµģҪԼ³ȥĿˮ𣿡
ǵľȵ
üͷǵǹô죿浽Ǹʱ򣬹ɾͳϵ⡭
ֻҪɸɾʢĵ۲Թôġ躬ЦȰ¡
ɸɾ
ͷʢĵʲô
Ļλ򱱺ΪѾʢĵ꣬ãҲѰ׼ңЩ̸ڣѡ˭򱱺ʢĵ۶ġֻȽݹȨֻ൱ˣԣֻҪȽЩԱҾߵ̫ʢĵ۾Ͳᶯ͵
Ȼͷ
һƨ̫ʦϣԣ˵˰죬ǲ֪ʵۻ᲻ͬ⣿
ˣ

幬鷿
ʢĵЩȽĲǳĵŵ´ļɹĸ
ˣҵģ˵ϲͲ
ޣʥּͻ飬ʥּͻ飬ʥּͻ飡ҾȢҾȢҰϱȢؼҸϱϲ
ӣ˵Ȣ˵ܳϲҪˣҪ˰ó𣿡
˭˵ˣȢؼһϲ׼ͺˣˣ
Ҳܣû֮ǰȢţҵģ
Ҳܣʥּͻ飡ҾȢҾȢҰϱȢؼҸϱϲ
ɽ˶ӣ׵ҲҵģҴ㣡
Ҿ֪ңλǼ϶
㡭Ҫλܣαرĸװ¡
УΪ飡̰Ľ٣ΪȢֶ̫ŮƳңһ˼Ҹǰ
͢磡ˣӲԸ
ӲТûǷǺˣѾǿ㵱굱ϱһˣͷӣɲҪôߣ
úúãҹɽΪնϹᣬڻǰԼ׶á裬հհգٲˣ㰮Ȣ˭Ȣ˭б±򱱺Ĵţ
˺үɫףһ˫ĺڰӷˮ⣬תͨһڵϣʢĵ˿˼ͷϣˡܲסˣҲˡ׼ӷּңҪȢӽţͷֿ򱱺
Ͳ˭ϡɽһӣҲȥȭϴСһۡҪѳȢȥϲ
㡭˺ү͵̧Źɽһ˫۾ƺҪһ㣬ݺݵġ
ɽ˹˺үһۣӣһ߿ʢĵۣһһŲŲŲŲ˺үֿɴķΧ
ʢĵۣ
Ԭ࣬


369  

ʢĵ۵Ŀڹ˺үɽش˼תͷЦ
Ц˰ΣһЦŹ˺ү٩˵ɽˣôһĺӼƽϣˣ
˵գߵ˺үǰȥϽǵϢˣ
˺үΪ̧ĨĨ۽ǣָʢĵۿ˸ͷžʢĵȥվ˳˴ĺӡ
ʢĵۿţʱɽÿÿɽ⸱ģ󣬰ʰ̯ӵ
뵽ʢĵ۵ͷӿĸоǰĹɽգգۣ˲ͽԼĽɫЦڹɽļͷˣ£ǳСϱһغȢȥϲǲԸ⣬ǾȲȢȳǺӵĲˣգӰѻ·İˡ
˺ү͵̧ͷ۾Ŀʢĵۣϣ˵Ŀɶģڲƭģ
ʢĵϵЦݸɷһԼȳ׷ǽԣɽСӸҲްϽ߾ȥ
˺үĿ˹ɽһۣӶʢĵۿţǿָЦ㣬ǡӶҪˣСʱһ
ǻϴ׽ݳ㡣˺үЦŹ
ɽԸˣڵŲʢĵ۽£һѱסʢĵ۵˫ȣϣǽԣ˵˸Һͳͻ飬ô˵㻰ҪȢҪˣҪϲ
Сӣſϣ˺ү̧žɽߣɽ˲֣ʢĵ۵Ȧ˺ү
ʢĵۣ
Ԭഹͷû
ʢĵۿЦãһڹɽԴϣ֣㣬ɻһүӣ
ҲţϲȢҾͲ֡ɽԴʢĵ˫ȼ꣬˺үĽž߲ȥˣʢĵ۵Ҳסˡ
ϵĶһۣ˺үһ
ʢĵۣ
˺ˣʢĵ̾˿ε
ɽ̧ϴӦˣ
˵ʢĵ۾Թۣۡ
ɽ˺үһӵվʢĵ۸ǰһ˺ү˵ļƣʢĵ۵Ҳˡ
Ԭ࣬ȥҽһŹɽȥһƳ޵ĳǸǣ䣿
ԬЦӦǡ
ɽߺ⣬ʢĵ۵ɹȥһۣʿɶֹ޵ͶСеģ鶼ȥˣԲûаԲ㣡ǵСӶЩ߰Ļ޲㣡
ɽŭԵĵ˹˺үһۣʢĵ۵ĵ£Ӧһǣ֪ˡ
ʢĵЦ㰡㡭ӣСʱһģһһģӿ̳ģ
˺үһЦ
Ԭഹͷ۽ǵɨɨˣǹ˹
ԽԽϲϷˣˡ

ų࿴Ļ˶Էһɽҽȥ˺үת򱱺
Ԭ࿴ŸԶת幬
ʢĵõͿĨʲôԬûҴţԭذΣʢĵ˱ʲЦŽǰʥϡ
ʢĵ̧ͷһۣЦϵĻôʱ򣿡
Ԭඨһƣͫ΢΢һʥϣͨս
濴˼ۣЦŵͷʥϵĵԽˡ
ʢĵ۹Цݸ˸
ԬЦŽˣǰתʢĵۡ
ʢĵüۼЦ⵭˼֣⸸ɷѿģ޲һӦ£סˡ
ūףھȨƣֻʥϣвԺüѣ޸ӣʥΪΡ
Ԭడ꣬޵˼ĦʢĵЦҡҡͷһ룬޸նҵıȨѹң佫ֶͷˣʱ߹ˣֱߵĿ֮˻˭
Ԭһ㶣˺ү
ʢĵ۵ͷǸһֱ޵ˣǣȻ̫ùɽסǡʱزڴ˵ЩеŮŮĹԱ᲻ᶯʲô˼
ԬȻͷʥǻ棡
͸һһʢĵ۴Цӣ̫³̫ҽԺ˶ҩҽҲҪ޵һ
ԬӦǡ

ɽ붨ү幬ҪԽ۸ϲûþʹ˺󹬡
ʺ޺ϵСԼͽѾӵСü۶Ц⡣
޺µԲϣЦŮһۣɨ۵һźĹŮùĻ˹Ůɲųʲô


370 ˭˲ӣһ

ʺһۣգգۣͷùһε˵Լĵطǽжϵ仹Ҫ˼һġ
۵ӹмȴ˳ӵЦˣùþСġ
Сʻ괬ʺջߣ˹ҡҡС۾ʱ˹ȥذذĽţźƵС첲ʹš
Ц⻰ǡ
ʺЦŽ˹ĵݸСͷһۣΪ¶ɣ
ҡͷ
ʺɸַʺߵԶ¡
ùö޺ЦС沦˹ġ
ʺˮƸһḣЦŽ˶һڣŵӽϽһ£йȴ֪Ͻ֮ͨʵĲܼҺҸ߸߾͵£ˣȢ쿴ˡ
㿴Ϊ̫ˡʺü赭һЦȥĵˡû˱ȨƱҪβˣôԴԼްΪԼǰ·ϰʯң
һ۾һ
ˣʺŵܼжӪҪٻָҫҪŻɶ
϶Բܼ飬ĻжѴܼ֮չ£ˣЦˣԭˡ
ʺЦͷڽԸó򱱺Ȼǰ򱱺үһ⣬ĳЩҰĵ˼ҿųԲš
գգۣһЦˮɣˡ
ʺЦЦ
ֻǿϧ˲òҲеӡ̾һ
ʺϵЦ˶٣ԳһЦڼӣ˭вӣ
һ㶣һЦ΢˵ǣгԼкηֱ𣡡
˶һۣжŻʹ
һǣʺУ⼸²Ҫˣʲôõ
ף˯ŵСϥߡ
ùͶ˳ȥ߱ߴɻǵһССҪˣ۹ȥҼＴһҲĸµʺ󣬲һССܱȵģ
ߡ
ſڣùѹ˵һ䡣
ɽŲδͣ߳ЩŮ滹һ죬µĸ
ŮǺȻ
ɽԼˣŸʲôߣ
ЩȻʢĵ۶УʢĵЦˡ

̫ҽԺҽפÿնҪƽҩһ٣ٶٲ˽ȥ
ͣЪĺҩӣ̫ҽĩ³ʱľȵӾȻתˡ
ʢĵĴãԬһˣǧ˲θӣľ´ͷлȻɫ԰ףû赹
ɽһЦļۣԬЦŸ˵ϲɽĽͳԺӣԬֻ˻ͷ˵»һţɽһѷסûˤ
ԬСĽ¡
ϣඣлӡ
ԬЦŹȥɽеĲЦеתľȵס
ĩľȵãȥ幬лһضʱʢĵʹ͵Ķ
պڳǶݸͻ磬˾ѫ󣬲ܷ˵ӣ֮С
ܷЦŵȥɣ˵СҲȥòǰҲþѫʶʶ㡣
ľ룬ͷ
ܷ̽˾ʢ巻ʦμѣѡʵΣæµգֱ巻ľȵܷ˲ŷġ
巻ֻһ磬Ưˡ巻ѵḾ۾һľЦ˵źû
ܷƳһֽۣȥ
Цлȥ
ܷľ˼ͣһÿΣŷȥ
һҹ޻ڶù緹ʰһʱˣľܷЯֻ˰£ȥΪֻһһʲô²㣬Ҳȥɡ
ҲҪȥľ뵽պмƵҡҡͷЦŵ٩ȥˣ歱ͲҪȥˣȥôˣ˼һΪȥȺܵġ
Ƚȥ歳һ˶ʮٻȥ
ľһ㶣̾һϻֽۣôˣ֪ʲô֪ˡ
ðɣ歱Ӧң˵ʲô㶼Ҫᣬҡ
歿˵ͷ
˭Ҳû뵽һ뻨磬һŮա


371 沣

ݸ󣬵شǣռؼ㣬Ժ컨Ǿѫѡ֮ء
ʦʢĵʹ֮ãٳ֮ʢðӵѫҶˡ
ľܷ˵ʱݸ⣬ڴŶͣżΪ׵ҵ
һǰһǵڶЦһӭ˵ʲô
ǰͷӱһʮŮȴ޽ŵţ˰ŵŹͼڴܹһϮۻɫȹѵŮӣЦĸ㣬ǿˡ
ŮæЦŴк㡣
ɨһۣһŲδͣı˺һԣȥ³գ㣬ҷ㡣
⿴һ۾ƼüĿպĵ˲佩ӲӵɵļҪѿ
죬˵ʲôľ嵭ɫ룬ʲôû˵
սȥЦſĸǲǲǲ
üңҸһܲסңĸæкˡ
˵껰Ƕ˶ԻǹһĨ⺢ӣﲻ˵Ϊãôܸ֣ͷǵø㲻ǣ𣿡
Ц䣬Դȴǡ
ŬŬӣͷЦסĸ첲ǣĸĻͷһ׼㲻ǡ
ȵĵ˵Ķͷ
˼ŻȻʲôƵģһ
ϣŮӣۿ죬Ľһĸ
⺢ӡӹһĨĲмȴЦĺƣ̧̧°ͣȹȥĸкˡ
۾һӦһȽȥˡ
ЦеЯ
תߵǰЦŮĸأ
Ťͷ۳ڣЦŻһãݸˣô³ǲﲻ
μӱ˵ᣬǴɻ䣡
ڳдеŮԣ˹
ҵ֣ûУûв
ĸǶ³˰ɣ壬ͷȥ˽ŵŹĸŮ³ڣЩɳƵ
Ůһۣ۷ӷԵĽŵţƵӷԿյģٿζˡ
ɫһ䡣
ôģҲ֪ŵŵģ
ĸõĽŵǡίĴͷЩʡ
˵Ŀ˲ζˡ
˫΢䣬ϵЦҲ˼֣תͷ۳򣬳ͨһڵϣԩŵʵʵСĴģС㣬ô˵ѣǶûдŵŰ
û˵ѣҡǵĽŵϿ̵֡Ȼ̧ͷŵĵǳ
ͷĵ죬һͷˣѪһԴС㣬ŵȷʵСģӣԩСİǻҪСġ
ųͷѪˣ̵̻ȥ顣
ˣ̲סɪһ£һ
һױ㲵긾ѵĿһۣɩοΪһˣˣһŵţĸùһģοΪһҵ档
ǣӲ۽ǣ۸ϳĳ򣬳ҲҧŴųԯȥ
Χһ󾪺
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һͷȥ翴һЦһһŲڳԯϣȻθ߷𣬽̤żӶַ䳤ޣƿ˦ȥס˰ȫ˵ء
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372 Աһ

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طˣ˼׺ͣطˣǳɩɲǵĶ飡ȥ⼸С£Һүһ˫ŮۿҪ˵ףǼҽݸҲˣһ賤ɩŮ볤ɩ̨Һүᱻʷݲɩһ˫Ůᱻ˵£Ůһӡǰ;٣


373 Ȼ˺ƤǾϣ

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ľȸ첲ϵĺëʱ死˸ЦĿ⣬סľȵߡ
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ҿɲк˼ݵֵأһЦѣ˾ֱ˹ȥ
˹ԣֵĿŽתͷ飬ôˣãˣ


374 ҽôˣһ

淢ô󶯾ĺɩʲô֪
˫΢䣬֪ʱַĵǹǲϴܣһȺŹԶ¶ʱЦһҺôǵʦĳŮɩƾҶңǿҺ۸˵ʦĹѵ
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һ˵һɫ뵽Լ๫СЩܵĵһЦ˿ڣΰͣɩҸǰˣˣСƢҲͰˣ桭ȼΪޣռ˳ǵбôſҶտҶĽУôҲҪƺһүط˲ǵʦŮеء
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ίĺۡ
һĸģͷĻǱûӵȼˣľȼˣЦǿƭ˵λǧСˣĸ㣬ţҽôˣ

Ŷ£δվȱԣѵɨ飬ס
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ƲƲ죬ֻǺˣĸҵĴҲΣ游˾˲š


375 ɵ棨

⻰˭˵ģĸҵĴκĲ¿飬ڵĲһЩĲ԰ף㣬ô֪κҵĲĴ򣿡
΢΢׷䣬ȴһЦǹȥˣúαᡣ
ΪιҶɨ۲üͷ˽ٴʵ
һԳѿӲʲôҲֻһƬġ
ĸίĺۣãȰȰĸǺĺ⡭
һǰ㹻ˣĸĺ⣬ôͱ˸ʲô㲻֪ĸ˴Ϊ游˾˵ʱͲ飬Ų˼Ҵţ˼Ҵôβ֪ԼŮ۸ĸֵĸ𣿣ǡԽԽˡ
µɫ΢΢һףһѷס£С㣬СƢ֪ģԼӡ
ĸµؿڣ˶䵭ɨ
˶ۣʲô岻ãǵѾߵľ͸Ȱŵ˲ͷҪϡ

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ϢסߣйľȣͷҼҶÿ
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׳Ӧ߹ȥҪһĸҪңƾʲôҪңˣ
죬ͷӺߡһ䣬˰֡


376 Ƥȳǽһ

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ˣԺСԶЩɣСܲһٵĴ̼ľȵ˫Щ䣬Ȼǰɩġ
ףã֪ˣظҾͰš
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˿Цããׯӳ겻סˣȴŹȥʰҾʲôҲҪãɢɢ׼ûǲеġ˵ļµЩȥ˵ɩ㣬͵Ҳһȥġ
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ļ̌¹еĿ⣬ѹͷԹޣһЦС˵ʲô
ҡҡͷ㿴ȥЩƣ̫𣿡


377 Īĵ⣨

ӽˮһ·ɱŸϵǣȥϽϽʥŮսͣϻаɱ
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ȻӮⳡ̣˳շ˲缸ֵΪã˵ʵֹĶǣııƣĺˡ
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ӭµĵĿ⣬ľҡͷƤգգۣյ¶ССǰʱΪװ˼٣⻭һЩױݲŸҳģСҪΪұѽ
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ŮܵĿŵĺֹͣˣͨ죬˫۸ģĻϲȸԾ
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һԸݺúź򣬴ľȳ˻ⶣ˼׳ӣκŶС㣡ǿ·ߵ⣬ָ·ԭ·أ뿪˹ͰζƵϣ֪𣿡
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طˣǶԲסһЩ£㿴Цˡ˳ط︣طæסֶΣҲᡭ
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ӻݸ󣬲һӵ·̣Ǵӵͷ֮İ˻ˡ㡯á

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޺˱ģһӵĹ󸾡СǣרעɩϷݡ
ϵȻԼ鷳ɩĹһ˵£Žյ⡣
ˣŰĽԼŮϣụ̂ԹԵԼλϡ
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㿴һľ
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379 澡ʧ

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383 ģһ

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Ȼ볯ұľȵĻ˲˻ӦźСѾǻݸСŮģҸ㵥һ䷿俴ţС˷ˣСԼź˵Ѿߣ˳˷䣬ڱµţ˭֪һֱȥʱѾˣȥңҸ㶼ŻˣͽźԼϵѾȥﱨš
ǸѾźġ˵
Ȼͷ
˵䣬˴
Ȼ볯ұ㶼Щԣľȼ򵥵Ѿ߻һЩû˵
˶һۣͷ
ɫȹѾߺܿ챻Ʋ㶪ڵϣѾ߿޵һѱһᣬͷˣū֪Ķ˵ˣū澰ɡ
СȥǸİɣľȿֱ⡣
Ѿ߻һſڵϼģұһ˹ȥ˵
Ĳū澵°ū澡ū֪Ķ˵ˡ
˵ʵ𣿡ǾԶҲ˵ˣˣͷˣ۾ŪϹµȵİȥ
Ѿ߲ŵ̧ͷˣѾǰҪˡ
ظȥ飬ʲôϵ׽ļˣеȥ󳡣Ůȫͽȥ˷ݵ
Ѿŵɫū澵ĵֵʲô֪
˲Ϊ
ū˵ūʲô˵
̧֣ӽ¶صϣѾ߱ˤʹһǰ˼ͷ˵ū澹ϣһСѾߵʮӣ뿪һֻ뿪һСūĲ֪ﱻ㰡Ĳū澵ġ
СѾ߽ʲôֳʲôģ˭Ѿߣ֪
Ѿҡͷū澲֪ūӣʲô׼ūʣū澾ûʡ
һأǸѾΪʲôӣôؽȥһˣ
УСѾ˫Ŀ¶ãȻ֮ɫҵһΣͻȻǸСѾߣ϶ȥģһ
˵ȥ


384 벻Ľ 

СѾ˵ӲˬҪһ·ĹͰһǸŮ׼ķ䣬ûӦСѾ߾ͼۣ˵ǱƭˣС֢״ֻǵĺ˽طһۣȥͣҡū澼ôӣһʱϡūĲ֪СѾߴŵŮǸ˰
˵СѾߴǸŮӣľͻȻǰһţʱ㶪ûзϣǡ
ѾͷŶҿ峤ʲôĸЩ׳ʵ
˵⣬һ£Ȼ۵һ˳ӦŮӵˡ
ľȴЦˣ˶ߵ˵˼仰𾪵Ŀ桢ģ
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ļ̧֣̌˴ȥȿ
̧ͷˣȻüʲôķԸû𣿡
ӶһۣӦˣ˶ס죬˳ȥ
Ůŭ²㻺񣬿ЦõĿľȵ˵㣬ҵʦٲҪָˣ
ľƤգգۡ
Ȼ볯ұһԵĿŶˡ
߰ɣȥС㡣ε̾һľȳ˷䡣
Ȼ˽ë㣬˵˵ʲôô
ұҲⳤȻһˡ
ĳһۿȥ˳ۡ
סȻĸ첲ЦߣҲȥ
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ұ˵ıǼ⣬ЦĸȻ˳һͬȥôȥã
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СһؽͷɰһдôȻڴǰ޺ϣ˽Ѿߵķľϥ
ɫӵĿһ̧̧ۣ֣СҵʦٰͻϷ飬˰²֪Сô
ҲԸⷢģ˲Ὣ˵ĴڵʦġѾȥĸǰмĸãͷˡС̬ͣüȴһƸ۵С
ҡҡͷСĻ˵Ķֻǣҵʦٰͻϱ˺Ļҵʦʲô
Сһ㶣̧ˣŵ̬ȻŮ򴽡
ҵʦᱻٹѫܣʷᶪǵʦŬļҫܻٵǵʦһүСǵ£һӵǰ;СҪ𣿡
СȻĬֻ̬м顣
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Сһ𣬲˼ˣ⻰ʲô˼Ҳܺߣǵʦزϣ裬Ѿ̬Ȳƽˡ
˲£ɫδ˵ףױ٣Ǻ޲ȥ˻Ҫ㡭Ǳȥ𣿰հհգҲˣһ
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ʱ歿첽߽̣ƳСһۣĿǱģߵľߣߵ˼䣬ľü
Сڼ֮ǰȼһ˰ɡľЦųʹ˸ɫüͷһִ̧˸ָ
һ˵ƺߣƱק졣
һӵ˱ϵ䣬˵ϡ
СһˣͫһɫףǺ⣿
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ʶС㾪ҡͷ
üͷһšҪ˵ʲô
ľŶһʦŮͻ磬Ȼһˣˣ˿ɲܻ߳ݸ󣬲ȻʦҪˡ
ڿ˵ʱĻ޺޵ĵһС㣬Ǿϳȥɱˣȥι
ʲôСȻ̧ͷ촽ţ˵󴳣˾ɱǲ̫
Сȥٸңٴ˽ָŵϵˣһӣ⣬
׳Ӧһ˲һףһһмס˵ֽţ˶á
ۿ˵ĺԽ٣һȱͨ죬۰׷
Сͨһڵϣˣ飡


385 ࣨһ

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˺һۿȦС㣬һ˿
С㿴ɫϵˣϥмץס˵ȹڣˣ֪ˣҸŴɣȲѣų²ߵģˣŴ硭
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˳أҵģұ֤óԸǷһ飬Ҫ󡭡
ұط౨СᣬЦųŵ
˵ĵĿľȣľ֣˷ģҲõʦġ
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˽СңľȴյߵȻ̧ͷ⡭𣿡
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СԹľȵĻ߹˲䣬黹תأϵҲʱ˵۵仹жŮĵģ˵Ļȴʲŵ̫ࡣ
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䣡
Ů̧ͷƼ˶棬ɫʱһףͷصһĵϣˣū澵ĴҪС㣬ūߥС㣬ū澵ĴСûаָϵСȲѵġ
ľҡҡͷѾ߹ҲǸϻ۵ģһһģȫΪǼС㿪ѵģ˭֪˵Уûӵ˭ң
һЧҵڱ˶лֺּãھ˶Уһ඼ˡ
˶
ȻĻɫ䣬ץŸ߼ϵĲյ˹ȥ
ҪӲˣͷһƬѪ죬ȴҧϢŭūϧҼС㣬ҼСֻǲҼСһа취ģȾҼС㡭
ȷҪС㣿Цһ仰סʣµĻ
һ̧ͷˡ
С㣬ͲСΪ˵ЦվӸµĿϲŭ˵˭ݺ褽ģ˵ұȫҲҧ˵Ǿ͵һžۣȥ˵
ˣ˵ʲôһжūģū澵ļ޹ţС㣬С㡭ū˵仰ūһпɶΪ㰡ūҲ㲻ĿūȥС㡭ϥмСǰ˵Ŀͷ
С򴽣˵ʲô뵽ľ˵Ļֽ̻ض
ˣ̻ظһ˾͵ҹŮûԸο
ʱأˣһжū澵Ĵū澵ļ޹أ˴󷢴ȱū˵ū澶˵
˵ۿһѾߣǷŭ
С㣬С㲻޸ūӣū澾˵һ췹


387 С» һ

֮£ūǷСֲ֮ɼ˴󷢴ȱū澣ūһ˰ɡڵͷĵ졣
˵ɫȴΪĻԽѿѿ
ˣ褽㣬㾹Ȼ˺ҵŮֱϧˡ˼ϳȥ

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ʦ䣬˿ηԣǵʦֵġ
˭պС㣬ͨߵѾݺǴ
СȻЩ䣬Ϊ˴»㹫ʣδ˵˭Թ
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˵һ
һʱ䣬Ŀ׷ʮСϡ


388 ɱûɾ

388ɱûɾ
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ʮСɨȺеĳλˣɪһ£ȴҧ˿ڣȼôһ£ǰѾ˵Сڹòǡ±˿ţİɣ
˵Ŀ˲絶һ򿪿ڵķˡ
˲̧ͷ
һƼڵˣЦһԭСˣʵҲ֪磬СѾô˵
С˿̧һۣҲûа취һӶܸʮСδڶѡҲӰ
䱧ŵܵܲȥһϣˣ㺦ɩģ뺦һСɣϽ龭˵ˣ˵˵
İ졣
ƷƵĴ䡣
俴˾һЦſ³һѪˮΪ֪ҳţǻŹǶˣˣ
һ䣬ɤӳ˻š
ŵɫɷףӣȭߣˣ㺦ң㺦ңҾ˵ôôõ£ԼȥҸʲôҲҲ
ȥǱֿЦ
ҵʦ˵࣬ǡ˵


389 ʮС㣨һ

ͬʱ̧ˣɿܵܣϥе˸ǰͷʦܱū澵ܵСֶӣūԸ๫ڡ
˵˵˭֪ʦ壬ڲƭǵģ˹ȥ˿ͷлˣлˡ
ʮСϵ侲һ˿ѣۿ䣬һĨɱһšһת䵽Сϡ
Сŵĺֹͣˣһֻ߬ӣɫ׵ˡ
ʮС۾С߬ӣһ۴ˣкηֱ֤ŷ
ʮС΢΢һɣǹĨЦ
С˵˼Ǿʹ֣ǶԼʮĻɱڣЦЦĿȥ
СпЦȴһǽ䲻ʦԺգȴҲ֪˳츮Ǵɽȥ˳츮˭ӽɱ˲ɣ
ͬʱüĿⲻƵĿСˡ
ȥ˳츮Сô죿ŮӵжҪղ˵Ūףպϴ壬ʦҲ
ɫѿľȴЦˣλ˵ãǾÿУΪأ
üͷͬĽһ
ľȳһЦ䲻֪ʲôŵͷȻС˾ô˷УǱһأֻǣǶ˻ǼиʲôʧС˿Ҫ𣿡

ΪʲôҪ
Сɫףᣬҧ뿪ڣֱЦһסˣҲˣɼء
һ˵ĿⲻɿСˣС˿ҲǣҲǣ뿴һʮСøʾȴһĨͱĴԼϻʱŭӣ߲ѣ
һٵķˣΪ˼˷Сģȴ³ֻĿڶµܣ˫־ǰѣһ˵ϡ
վСߵĽС״ŵᶼæ˷СȥڷϢ
ߣ˸˸ݺݵʮСһۡ
˶һۣҡҡͷ
ȥѻݸĴС˿СԸ
Ӧˣȥޡ
˶˾пüĿķˡС㶼ʮС㣬һѾ
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ľӹȥһۣЦЦյСߣ˼䣬˵ɫ˲ѿѣʮС˻ģСҧҧС˵Ů޸ȴ뱳ױٵĨڣõʦԩףŮ飡
褽ĿڷۣļϵŮվ裬ʵȥ
С˵֣ľȵͷʼɡ
ľףá
һ˵˵ͷǸһװ˽
һ죬һ֮ºС㱻ڸãһֱײĻ棬֤СףվףмĿյҲͼӴװܻС˹ΪСף
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ܼ˵ɫʮֹŹ֣͵ʮС㡣
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ʮС˲һ俴е䡣
СίỨָ߬ǰ½ָⷺס
Ůļͷ˽ԼŮԼ֪ĹҲǹƨ췹Ĺ
ֻǣֵ׿ڳϣڷСꡢͬ顢Ŀ⣬ͷʹܷߺޡ
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˰˺صĺ֣Ҫȥ˳츮ΣȴԸ⣬ˣС㣬ū˵ūȫ˵ˣū澲ȥ˳츮ūȥ˳츮ûл·ˣָʹū澵ܼʮС㣡


390 ǧָ

ʳֱָָȺ̬ӺݵʮС㡣
ʮ꣬ǿףСײлȥĿܣС̳˲̣֤ף˵ˡ
Щ˿̲˵˾Ͳٿˡ
ܼҼλ˶һۣһǰۿ䣬˵ʲôҼʮСҰСԶԹ޳һǧԻٰ˰֮£ֱдˣǵʦںԣܻܼС𣿡
˱𼱣Ѿͷѻ˵ȫֻƬ棬˵ǵʦ붨ҲӦǰɣˣ˵
ЦһǣǷǺڰףһйϣ˵ڼǺڣ˵׼ǰ׵ģ
˻Ҫǲ͵ĿȥôܼĪ鲻֤ˣ
˻һܼҼλʲôҲ˵ˣ˵ˡ
ʮСһƬ
䣬˵˵˵ʵ飬һɿźСô꾤ҵҵķһ
ͷһСЩݺٳӦԼС±˿ӣܼҼ޷꣬ʹū澵⡣ū澵סĺһӣū澼˸飬ö֮ϵҲˣ˭֪Ǽ˾ǲĵģū澸Ⱦ˶Ĳϸһ˼дū澵Ĺľ˽ȥǷǧĶծЩвūһң϶ծū澸ȥծҪūֶȥֵطū澵ﱻɩĨᣬū澼ûа취ʱǼӵū澡
̧ͷʮСһۣ˵ֻҪū澽°ɣͰū澻˸ǷµĶծūһӣū˿СӰȵĹ°뱲ӡūм尾С㣬ȴֲܲԼĸ磬Ծաū֪شӲҴʹ֮ˣһգū澼ǼӺĵһģµŮӳţӽŮѩ㣬ŮӺļӱĸ
Ⱥ˷һ
ѩ㣬ǲʮСߵŮ𣿡
ܼеĴѾ߶ѩֱġ
찡òʮСָʹİɣ
˵ǴΣҲǡ
ҵүˡ
ʮС㿴ôˣƽ⣬û뵽ˡ
֪ʲô֪֪治֪ģѹǴΣʮСһֱȥС㣬طº˵ôǶǵĻ
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Ҳǡ

һʱ䣬ʮС㱻ǧָ
СǵС˵ģжվȺܼʮС㡣
һɺԣЦɨ۵ˣϣΪκѪˣܼԩ޳ΪκҼС㣿
䳯˿ͷַģūаѻԸ죬úʮ˲ó
ݶԣɼ˵Ļûˮ֡
˵ɫˣ϶ܼݺС֡
ˣ˱ָʹūҸ˻СףСūãū澺ݲģ㽫СӣԼһϷǿ
Щάֲסϵ򶨣ɫԳ־ţԹĿʮС㡣
ʮС㵭һЦһǧ˰٣ʮô𣿡
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ʮС⻰˵ǣǰϻ۵ˣ¡
Цһ˰٣˰٣Ů֤ףƵ˲ò˵ʵ鱣ԼܼתͷͽٷԷƾʵݾֻҥ˰֮˵ҵŮǻᱻʵ˹壬һ
ܼ˺Ů֮һܺߵģ
ʮϻۣ͸ķصķȹ
˵һѷĵʮСϡ
һʱ䣬Ŀռ䣬ǹལĲֺ
֪˶ã䲻˱𣬡У˵ʮСߵѾ˽ӴʱСѾͷǾͰ˽ʰĥߴʲô
˻һ˲һ
Ů꿤ط˫˫˽ÿһߵ˸ǰ
ط˳Ǹĵ˵ͷ
ȻһЦ΢ЦˣֻʮСһֱ϶Ǵ˲ִ£ǾˣȻڣǱǵöʣҲûʮСһ
ʮСȻһ䣬ܿιȥһֱ緢˶ߣɳһЦʮСҪ͵ɷʴˡ


391 

˺ܿ챻һڣһԷޣһɵĶӡ
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סڣɫ䣬ˣˣܼҺμǵʦͻ磬ȴܼңǷ׵
˵գתˣܼ϶ȴ˱֮£һֱͱˣĪǿܼҺ۸ɣ
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˸ûɫֱˣҪ˲֪ǼĪΪΪĺұܼңʮСǸʲôɫԼ£븮ǡû꣡
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˺ĸôģҪУԵ񵹺ãĪ˰һ֪֮˭Щƾ裬ʮ֪
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£
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392 

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ľĵһۿЩȡ
֣ԽԽԶԽ׽պ޶áʱĽˣ˼˰ʧٱѰ󣬱սúԶԽ׽Ȱģߥ޵ãܲëΪǱһᡢķˣǿǼǵ֣ʦܻŷ磡
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պҲмģս㳤̸ƨɺ棬ַۿɰǻ۵ó赽£ãҪҪʱҡͷ˵ҪŸ·
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393 粨

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ʼల±ˣ֪ʲôʱʼԼǰԽЩУ̬ҲԽԽ⣬ֲ˵ǸУİ̲ס̬̾Ҳ仯
ҹȰﲻ뿴ϷѾȲ뿴ԿڲӬ²ֻȥĶķӦˡ
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ʺҡҡͷ㿪ľͺãǵЩ߻мڵģСıץʲôѱС
ģзִ硣۾Цһͣģ͸żֽˣȴЩɣ
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ûأΣ˵ʲôӻСù겻زۺ֡ɴյʺǰСְɣܲһֱССĽаɡ
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İɴڲסӹдֽϲ̵ʺл
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ȻĿԼָ͵շСͲʱˮҧָϲۣ˷ЦӯС
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ʢĵѹǣһСҪʺһĸģСôˣѲ޵Ļʺ𲻵ã
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ʢĵֽקˣ㶼ˣôƵˣСƢͷǵñСʺȥлô໳еݶ軹òأ
˵գɣǸĳ̾һʺ߻ӵһֱڻСҲֲĸŮһݺɡ
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ﲻô룬ʺΪж˵ү㡭ū澾ţţٻһڡ
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ţ˼Ҹ˵ء
һأԵMMСĶͷĸĸ󡭡

ﲻ᲻ϲˣϲŮ˰ɣ
¡


394 Ϸʢĵ

չйеһʼйʹ͡
ϲѶеֻҪʢĵҹģˡ
ʢĵ۴ϲƵƵʾʾʺ
ڵһʱʺڰˮʽʹ˶УֻҪ»ӣһ
Ϊһּܲ˷ˣʺʴȡ
Բֵʢĵ۷û̫ˣϾоͲźˣǹУֻܺŮź˭ԸԼδĵ˰
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˵ٲñMMСȥЦһ
뵽ʢĵۺϵģʺҲ̲סһʱƬ̡
ΪʲôһʱƬ̣
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ˣ㹬ݹ߷漰λˣλ˺죬̫ҽϹ˵ǳ˲ɾĶ̥ˣһѾ͵Ŀλùһȴ֪뵽ʲôЩŹ֡
ʺЦЦѾͷֶΣⱲжǲˡ
ù̲סЦ˵¶ʱ򡣡
ʺһۣϹʲôҲЩϰϷȥЩҲҵĺӣۣʲô
֪ū˵ʲôùεüʺ
ʺ֣ӳ֮ԶɰҲ
ҿﵱΪµĶֵֺ˰ɣùùġ
ʺЦЦǾ͹лͣʲôʱˣʲôʱٿš

ùε̾˿Ҳֻˡ
ʺüģЦҡҡͷüŪԺĻ
ùøʱһˮҪҪдŸߴСһ
ãЩǰ¶һӦˡʺ
ùõͷȴֻǲߴС㣬ҲԼܵϢ
ʺµĶһ£̾Ǻӡ֪ô
һûһڻݼţûȷ⹬ţ˽ŸСӹ⣬Ѫʺһ˵Ϊʲôǳ˻ʺʹ͵ҩʳеĻӻûˡ
ʺƤû̧˽Źˡ
̫һȥϢʢĵۣʢĵĸȤЦԬ࣬޵Ļʺѧˣ֮ˡ
Ԭ죬ûг
ʢĵõĳ緹絽תһȦѵˣʺ˵ġ
ùЩѪ
ùãҪš
˵Ŀᣬ˯£˭Ҳùû
СŮٺЦȹתܳȥˡ
ʢĵһӻң˦ȥȵڶ糯
ٹٹȻûʧ
ϣʺϲ⣬ȺλӹĴʵΪĸּʺ󣡡
飡
฽飡
Ҳ飡
ϣΪʺŴıӹ˼ȻŤһŤܼ֮Ϊ󣿳ϳϻʺ֮λؽ乬ó
飡
฽飡
Ҳ飡
ϣδ壬ʹ϶ʺʵ̫ʣϽ˰˳츮΢߾ȫ࣬ʺ˼֮ˣ˵Ϊĸ乬Ҳã͸ʹΪЧȣβõ˳츮˼Դ
ʢĵ۵ǳ˳飬ĵʱľͲǻҵĻʺ󣬶֮ˡ
Ȼİ˰֣޵ļ£Դ˳츮ǹһЩǸùܵ°ɡ
˼Դͷϣ漰ʼôУôǼأǹ°ϣѴ˰˳츮΢һܲġ
ǰϣǰı߻ӣıеһ˵ǡ˼
ˣ֪Ƕ޵Ļʺ޸ǣ޵ĻʺֻһϣԺ˭ǰ˵ҪϺ󣬽ʺ乬֮Ļͨͨ޸ϻȥ޲ͷǡ
ڳϡ
޵Ļʺʶʮˣܲʲôĵ޵ĺıӹһε޲׷Ҳ׷˭˵˵СԴ
ˣ
á
˵˵Ǵ
ٹٿƵżȲƫֲʢĵ۵ߵĻ˼糯һ̥󣬳ױ
ʷ̨һ㣬飬ʢĵ۷ϳϣĺΪ
ʢĵȤĿۣԬЦôǵʷֻ̨ܼҵˣҵҲ١
ʥϼǵûԬ๪Ц
ʢĵ۽е۶ȥơ
ԬæҵĽˣϰʢĵʱʱ۸Ҳ飬ˬĴ򿪿ݣɫЩŹ֣ūûǴĻϣʷ̨СйԱ֡
ʢĵϣЦЦܼߵһˣıȡʲô
ԬҡͷǰЩӣʦٰͻ磬ҲֵĲɿôյĹ֡
Ļ˵һסʢĵȴɭһЦ˽´ĳֲɸ˵ܣ
Ԭûҽ⻰
ʢĵҲûָӣأԵ޵ǺܺǴʲôЭ顣Ԭ࣬ȥ˴̽һ¡
ԬഹӦǣת鷿
ʢĵ۵ͷֿʼۣʮﵹ߰˸ǹʢĵ۷Ϻģʢĵ۵һֱĿǹɹĿԽԽʢ
Ԭվߣȥ޵˽һЩҪȥοο޵Ļʺ
Ԭüͷ΢΢һ£Цŵͷʥʮһճ谮ǻʺۻʺ̬ȡūʥϸеֵ
ʢĵһۣʺҲ๵ģ
Ԭæµңūʥϣһʱʧԣʥϴ
ʢĵ۳̾һˣ߶꣬ǿʺߵյģ޶һֻǡ컯Ūˡ


395 ֽ

Ԭഹͷʢĵ۵ĳ̲̾ס˳顣
˲֪֪ܲ
Ϸ񫣬һԽˣҩɾ֡
һ·ȥʢĵ۵˽⣬˲ٺöʢĵ۰֣װУŸȥ
ԬŷԸȥʢĵߣԬæϡ
ǰһ㣬˱Ÿ
ʢĵָԬЦƣ޵Ļʺ󻹸ʹСˣ˵ҪƫųЩ󳼵Ļøƴ
ܣʺƽ⣬϶֪ʥΪõģֻһʱתˡԬഹЦŻػӵսǴ͵ļ̫࣬ĵװ̾һ
ʢĵԬָĵ˵ͷһӣſڣЦʺ󼸾䣬ǣģⱲֻһޣǵĻģֻܰ˭ٸ˵Ļ޿˭
ùЩѪʺνĳһЦ
ʢĵ飬;ȥĹģȥ߷ʱλĺסϣһ仰֪
ʲôʢĵĺãΪ˵ʹ͸ʺණҲһЩ׼ӦҲһЩС˵檲˻ʺϺҩģûһ⣬ǡ
ʲôʢĵһ䣬ۿźɣ
ʱʢĵ۹飬ʹ˴סôңϧΪʢĵ۵ĺãȴû뷴ʢĵ۵ӡ
ɴͷϥһС幬ʳз¸˻̥ĺ컨ܶ࣡
ʢĵ۵ɫ˲˵Ŀģ
ػϣǧȷ΢̧ͷʢĵ۵°ͣΪ˱ŻϲûóС֮ˣⱻ塣
üһĨеʢĵۡ
ʢĵŶһ°ͣԼģ˭֪
պĵͷòҽһЩǳԵҽЩҩݵҩҲ֪һԲųЩʳĺ컨ζЩΣֻǳԵζ檡檱Ӽ⡭
ԭǸ˼֮ˣˡ
ҡͷϹæ檱֮ˣûϡ
˰⣬˭֪幬ʳ⣬Ƿ׷̥ʢĵ۴Ļ
һ£ҡҡͷֻ֪߷ʳ⣬֪
Ҳ˵߷Ҳ֪µģ
ɵͷǣ⽫ǽȥ˵˴£⣬ȳϺᡣ
˵꣬һؽ檴λ⼸նûҳ幬Ǳʳ
üλ˶ԿˣˣͲҪˡʢĵɵԸԬ࣬ȥҲй
˱Ůӵţܿ˹ʢĵ˦һ仰ͼλ˶·ɡ
䣬̧Ŵ󲽳˹
˲ȥɣҲЩ£ãȻȥԬ࣬Ԭ⡢⻰ʲô˼
ԬĿ˺һۣԼɣҪϱ汳
˦˦첲ϵķλ˼лӣһʱ벻Ͷˡ
ʲôɼһ
˸ɫף˫һڵϣ϶ˣ檣檲ʲôû
Ԭ࿴ǻһպ꣬̾һҡҡͷ
־͹֣̫ˣ±Ͷ̥ǵ˼ҡٽˡһ䣬û˵ֻĬһ㳯Դļ̫˰֡
ԬڷӦˣǻϣǻϣԲԣ»ӵһֱǻǲǣʺһʼûǶ֣»ӵһֱǻϣʢϣΪʲôǻĶĹѪΪʲôҪô
Ʋ˵ƲĴˣվͲᶪԬ˰֡
̫Ű籲ϺɵϸĲ෴ķȥɵ˲ȱǺˣȴĵİԬ࣬Ԭ㣬ҡҵ׹ɣ
Ԭ̾һαִ
֪ˣǲǡǲǸлӵԻˣáΪǻʺ󡢻ʺġ߻ƵǴһڲͳ˻ʺͷ𣿼ıĹһʺ鷳ʲôʱѵɣ
裬ǰʺǲµĸֻڣ
ϡѹûб˵ôʺǸͲǰǼɵ
ɵʺ
ʮ꣬ȻɵŮװʺ
ɡЦЦɲ岻˵ţŹǳ
Թŵౡ飡
ֽ
ĳȻֻǳ롣
֮ǰĸ׾Ͷ¹۲ڣڲ档
ȫˡ
Ԭ˵ĶԣǴ
ɵһ˫Ĵ£类סڱ·
Ԭڰ֣߷йŮ̫źӲᣡ
һȺŮ̫ͨͨڵأţȴ˸顣
ֻԼֳĿɾǾˣǹйŮ̫඼֪Ĺء
߷£Ԭ˴԰幬԰Сͻɡ
ūԬMM
ЦſɡԬǴ
߷λλһʱ벻Ѱ˶̼ūȥ޺¡ԬഹЦŻص
ɻСԬ֣ĽţԬЦü۶ˣСɰϲ
ϲҲǸѾͷƬӣȵϻԺɲ䲻ȵĻһ䣬С֣Сִ֣еһ֦ǰơ
ЦЦСģͽŰɡ
ūлС͡ԬЦŽˣˣЦЦһۣôҵ߷ǼλǻɱĲɣ


396 ֲ´

Ԭɫ䣬æǰصĵطһ飬ûвŵ˺󣬲һЦƲ˵ƣСĸǽж
Цưŵģһܵ²ɡ
ԬĨ˰Ѷͷĺ£ūȸˣʥǻūȥ
ȥɡɨһۣСת۹ķȥ
˸׼뿪ʱԬסôˣ
ôоֵֹģ
΢ͷūҲ֪С𽥳󣬳嵭߻ȥӰɡ
Ԭסٲö˵ʲôСźӣƽʱȰŵ
ˡ
Ԭһ·˼Ż幬صԼСϢԬ̫ܹź򣬰磬常Ҹ˵߷ĺɺλˣô¶˵˵¡
Ԭɨһۣһ߼򣬵֪ĲҪϹ
Ԭ̫Ŷһȥ常æһ죬ùЩЪϢ
ʥǰ𣿡ԬȷʵЩۣͣȲԬ̫Сᣬæһ쾫ĺܡ
Ԭ̫ͷ常ģӻʱѾǵ˽ȥˡ
ԬһһȥʥǶ㶢ţʥϽ鲻ôã˳ײʥϡ
Ԭ̫תתЦӦˡ
תͷ˷䣬ҲˣԼ󲽳幬ŷȥߵĳսǴһС̫ҡҡͷС̫Ҳ˵תߡ
Ԭ̫ƵĻȥŷԬԼһ·幬

ûʳС˯Сɶߵ
һԬʢĵߵˣûʮ꣬Ҳʮˣ˾һԬ̫һȥ֪ɸ©ˡ
ô죿ǵôһĨڵġ
˭˵һĨڣ԰ʱԬ಻Ǹ𣿡бһۣЦ
ü𣿡
ɵ˵ĶͷȻУûע߷ǲʢĵɱʱķӦ𣿡
һ㶣˰ΣŶ򣬡ūˡ
ȥɣϢųȥǶʲôӦЦӯӯĲŪһ·ͷϵӣ۵ָᵯ˵
ֵĿһԼӣϰ߷˶ɱ˾ǲ֪̥ҩǴ幬ȥģǰϢųȥ֪ô죿۹ֻһλ汻ϵˣɲһȫˡ
ʲôЦûв͸ǽ幬Ǳ߾ֵҲ٣һȥ͵ˡ
Ҫ˵ֵ˵޹ģ幬̫๬Ůһûմ˵Ѫ
Ȼʱ۹˳棬˷־ƺӶϴ壬ūȥдš
ɿ˿֣Цŵͷ⵹Ǹ⣬ȥɡ
¶ҪҪʺһ£
ҡͷʺЩ걻۸ĴȥˣпѹͲмֶΡĵĴٸ˵ɡ
룬ͷͬˡ
ʺӹ˵ֻƬвʱֲ´ɣѾ幬̥ҩлɵ´ķз
ŵһ󹬣Ļ̻̣еŵʲôҳԣʢĵͱŶӿޡ
ʢĵ۰Ǹ䷳
ϣٹϳʱı鶼ܹ졣
ַ˻ʺôã˻ߵģ̬ٳģõˣɻϿô֣̥ҩȻǴ幬ȥģǡ
֮Ρ
ǶΡ
ʢĵ˼糯񿴵ĵۣŭͷͰԬ˸Ѫͷأôãû˭Ǹ˵Ϣȥģ
Ԭæ£ʥϣҵˣֻǡ
ֻʲô˵ôҲµģʢĵ۲ͷü˵
ԬӵվȴȻ̬ȹĹӵ幬С︺ջһС̫࣬˵԰Լʱ˵©죬һֱҿūѾȥץλˣֻ˵ʱĵطЩأ֪˭˻
ʢĵЦ⵹ˣ
Ԭഹͷū
ȥһ·˭ץʢĵ۷
Ԭһʥϣ᲻̫ˣ
ʢĵ۵һۣ鷿߹߹ȥ̫ȥȱУǸ޽оһ㣡
Ԭ΢һӦ£ȥ

󹬣ǰЩֹʺԲ˵ᣬҪӺǸлӵǱ졣
ãǰЩҪҪʢĵ۷ϳϻʺٹ٣һֻֻȡ
£ôСĽˣʢĵԤʺһθҵķӦûг֣
ŭĴЩ˴˰µƢ
ɱMMСѧʱģʢĵ۵ͶһʺĹӣ
һģҪŷĲɢҸʺ󡭡
޸ǣ룡
ǰΣ
Ժ˭޵ĳϺĻްԴڿ֨
㡢㡢㻹㣬ûС
СཱུС֣žž졣
ù뷼ŴЦʺεĵһۣƤϳ˵ĻҲԭⲻİҲ֪˼ˣ
ҵˣûôЦеü
ʺЦЦҲСһЩõҪڵжϣ
ɵͷףġ
ǵMMСһһģ۾ԽԽˮˣùãǲ
ùôչȥЦŵͷǣԽˣôСǸӣɲ˵ˡ
ʺҪҰҩһЩҲҪСɣ̽ͷˡ
޵ڣ˲һ
ʺЦЦô˻Ҫʲôӣ
ӵĸ˺ܶģﲻһȰҪСɡЦȻֻλСҲһ롣
ʺҡͷĿԶĿ幬ķԸǣ


397 

ϵЦһͣԲ𡣡
ʺҡͷҲΪҺã˶౻˵氮ʵϣҶֵһ̣Ҳûκοˡ
ʺ׵岻⣬ʢĵȢʺʱʮױԽɽΪƸĺ׳һз·ǰһȴֻ
ĵ΢̾һЩģʺ
ù΢΢Ȧͷ

С˶СŻС첲ͣĽţƺ˵ע⡣
ʺЦŴָݸССֿһѽʺָץס͵ϣҵСɲܳԡ
ЦŵСһﲻ֪ǲڳʲôˮ˵Ҳ
Ŷö˵ʲôŹ֡ʺһ䡣
һûһ˼䣬ʾⷼС׼뿪ʱͻȻһ£ʺݸнˡ
ʺһʲô
ұ뽫С޸ʮСֳ϶СֶΣЭôգڴЭ飬СʮС㶼޸ˡҹţͷһ˵ء
һҵĵŮȥܼң뷨ǲסʺҡͷСķ£ɵڿڣ񡭡ѡ
֪뵽ʲôʺ˵Щɫѿ
ȴ˳£үСǶα˴̵һЩ¡
ǻȥɡʺһۣȨ䣬ͬ˹ͷڻϸǰӲ׮£ʮа˾Żɣǣҡ
ǣΣɻ
ʺЦЦϺүӪô꣬С׵ŮҲעǺģԣǲ
üһأ
һʺһۣһѣ߰ɣĵʱѾ̫ˡ
̾˿ðɣٴС밲
ʺ˵СĶͷЦӦˡ
Ŀùýͳԭ˼˺һùʲôʱģ֪
ʲôùõ˱ˮݹȥ
ʺֽˣЦ룬ô˵ŮСԻɿڣ£ٻģ
ù΢΢һ㶣Цҡͷﶼ֪ū澸֪ˡ
ʺЦ˵Ѿͷ֪֪
С𣿡ù΢䣬ϲԾЦݣСǰʮСıƵģ˵зС㲻ü޸¡
ҲôáʺЦ
ͶһֶۣЦˡ

ľȷʵ֪ʲôʢĵ۴ͻСͷ
СҲ⵽ˡ
ľȽһټ򵥲ķӡ
ʲôϺү㷽˵ʲôûظһ顣ʢĵȻĵŹڵϵͷš
ͷػϣϳϳİŮһʥּϳİŮһŲʯŮ¡
ʯŮСʯŮʢĵȥԬࡣ
Ԭһ±ƣʾԼ㲻֪顣
ͷѿĵةһۣһܼݺҰŮʯŮĲ˵һӣ񡭡
ʲôһûͼһʯŮŮʼң㵹˼ܼˮǼҵ졭ةһ
Ϻүһˣӵͳ˹ȥةϺү˵ѹס˲ӣΪҲ֪ǼҵʮС޸ҰҼҵİС޹ȥôˣ
ǼҰСʯŮʯŮ˺ӣةţǺˣ͵ˣŻϵޣ㶪˲ˣ
ҶҲûܼҵˣܵ𣡡ϺүӲ˻ȥôˣԺѵһӣǲ檡檡
ޣĸһĲǵӣةǽǰС޸˻ôϵļǣôѫҵǧС㲻ƫ˸ܶʯŮûϱ뺦ڲ壡
ʢĵüֻĵ㲻Ծ
Ԭգգۣ΢΢
ϺүһڣΪʮСʲôõģŶ;Ϊ˼ˣֶΣ㾡ģôһƷ°ܻûиݸµŮӸүŻ˴ϵļǣ
Ϻүһ˵һ󴮵ĻЦΪҲ֪ḷ́ҼҰСȥܼҾˣޣ
㣡˭˵ҼʮСһҪˣҼСʮк˼̤żȢһŵة첱Ӵ֣ȻǱϺүˡ
ϺүмƳһۣȭ˾ʢĵۣΪ˲˴ϵļǣϳϴһʥּϳİŮҲһޣ׼ɣҿңʱĺӾŮŮģϣΣ
ʢĵۣ
ǺǣΡ
Сʮп䣬Ϊָ㣬ϳҼСʮͻ飡ة¿ͷ
ϺүʾҲӣͷ
ϣͻ顣
ϣּ
ʢĵۣ
궿ӣо϶·ˡ
ǽеһ˼޸ģᱻڸʹ˷Źңίʵġ
ʢĵ۽αϣԴųµͷޡ
Ԭ࣬Σ
ԬЦȻүȢλС㶼ʥϵԻС㣬һǾѫСȷʵ٣СʯŮʮСڵĸǰ˵ҲǸŮƷ£Ҳһض


398 ռҳ

ʢĵۿһۣʮ
ԬЦŵͷ
ʢĵһû˼˰֣ˣ޸ҶҶˡ
ԣڵ۲ݵĶˣ̧ͷͰ͵ĿʢĵۣʢĵЦһˣŮл䣬ҵԧסһʯŮһŮҲ˼˷޵ʱǴͻ飿
ЩĴͷллϡ
ʢĵ˦֣˳
ֱ˹ţǰҶûˣ˲Ŷһۣ³һȻ󣬸˸ֵ𣬸ظҡ
С˲ü޸Ϣϲ
ʮСϷţԼա
Ѹײڶ֮ƽС޸һʢĵ۵Ϣ΢΢üüСʯŮҲӵıãôͼһ
е
ԬЦŵСͼޣȷʵױ˿ͣǰϺүʥּǲҲж֮ڵ˼Ͼʥϴ͵Ļ飬֮ϣ˭˸๣
ʢĵЦ֪޵˼
ԬЦݲ䣬̬ȴӹʥū֪ʲôūŲ֪ʲô
ʢĵ۰֣ˣСľ߼ʮˣʲôˣ޻ȥɣŪͻʥּȥСųų档
ԬЦӦˣתȥֱʢĵ۽סǵ֪ͨһʺ󡣡
ǡ
ʺһŰ֣֪ˡùã㿴ջϵʹͼɣŻϵʹһҲȥ븮
ùϥǣ
ԬȥɵϢСҡ
ʺЩͷۣôˣҲ±˷ֶߡ
û߻ӣȴһ˵ʺ¿ɱձųɵСʺʹҫɽСݸһЦӯӯùã񣬡
ʺЦãˣɡ
ʲ˵ּͻС㣿̧ױȥʾʶЦӣǸ߸
ʺͷ˸ûһ
˵꣬ȻĿһۣϢǿ죬幬ûپ룬ôǰ֪ģ
һЦԬ϶СҼױĶô󣬵е˼˶µĵˡ
ʺЦЦ
֪ҾܻĽ𣿡ɴչȥС
ʺһ˵ͷ
ʱЦȥǴСôУȺݺݴһƣǸж¡ʵ
ô򵥣ʯŮʯŮΪϻôױŪ̫ҽȥңóҰСʯŮܳСʺ̾һֶŮһ浥Ϊһ¸еԺ
ЦӯӯĵͷüҶЩȷʵ˵ǴСǸбµģ
ʺһۣҲЦˡ
ùñڻMMССȭͷҲĽ
ùĵһ뵽꣬ʺ︹еĻûг£ǱǵĴС㶼ˣ뵽ԵĻӣùþ̲סԼС㡣


ʥּˣʢĵʹ̧ױС㡣Це߽лһӸ
ľЩ̫Ѩ˻Щĸ첲ŷƤӵµӸ̧ͷЦлл½㡣
ȳԵ㶫Ъһɡµ
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վСĵİż򣬡ܼҵˣûпȥôġ
ľ¿еĸûС㣬ûʮС㣬ȻѫҵСҪ޸ʵĲС㣬
һ㶣⻰ô˵
½úһ룬ҲѰС޸ΪʲôңȻƫԼŮ޸ľô£Ϊܼһ¶룬С޸ôպң
»ȻԭˡС˵ΪϺүС޸ʢĵʥּСֻСһ
˵ЩȻĿľȡ
ľ΢̾һס
ҡͷѹСᱻѾߥˣϲ֮ˣ֪ʥּһ£һҪƴһƴġ
ǰҪƴһƴģֻǷЩľЦһ̫˵ĻЩ壬ҺϲǸ˲ǸȻСǿˡ
¿ľӷţ۵ģ̲סЦģЩʳС
ľ죬һİЦأڽӸܼأ棬ȢȢʮС㣬ƻǵĹϵȢ˷ǼߣʮС㣬ӭȢոаѫҵС㡣
ºǺǸЦȻǿӡ
ƽղ̫עˡŶ룬Ц˵һ䣬˼ȫϡ
̯֣о󷨻УоġıʲôģӲʹ
ЦЦԴӣľȣǴ˾ǰǱߡ
£ɽѾȥ˵ˣûйľȵ
һӻͳһţҹʱŽҵģǴӽˮģ˵ļүдġ
ǰʱд˷Żȥʱ䣬ǸлŵʱˡľЦŽӹȥŷ⣬뿴ĻظȴڿݵɲǣȻ
һľ˲飬ҲԾˣôˣ
ˮˡľһĿʮеĽŵݿ꣬ɫ̧ͷ
˶һۣµʲôˣ
ǲ˶ռҶˣ
ľȳͷеŵݸˣһúĵģǰհҹռլһѻˣ
ʲôɫ䣬ʲô˸ɵģ


399 ռ

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ٰſ꣬ڵҪҪ˻ȥ̽һ£
ãļڽˮӪ꣬۲飬Ǳھ˸㡣ļ̌㣬⼸նŽˮǱߵţ鵽ʲôһʱŵġ
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¶ǣȰļү俴ЩֲڣĻϸ£ռҳô£Ȼһʱ֪ͨҵġ
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һһҹž͵ϡ
ڵˣ壬ûʲôüĿ𣿡
ҡͷʱֵҹҹ˾û˷ݻ֮˵١
ɶ񣡡һȭͷϣȥ˲飡һͲˣڽˮס죡
屧ȭӦһתҪȥֱסǱߣҲ˶עһ£ǧҪ˱˵ĵ
үġ
ţһ̱̫ʦϣڵʹ˲ȣ˸ӣСүҴ㣬㣬Ųƣ
ͬʱʮկ
һļºµվڰڲԫںԺ̾ǵʱѣȻһӿɾȫˡ
һССӻȭͷڵƵĳ˹
һһѱסȵССôˣأ
Զ԰θߵͩЦӯӯĻ֣һֻһЦĸ˸첲ϣ˭
ЦŶӣӭŮôҲˣ
緹ˣͩѰԷһСܵı㻹Ҫ죡ЦĶӵƨɡ
ŤŤӣסԼƨɣŤͷϵ
˲һ
̧ڶŵһ£ЦС󣡡
ۣͩЦǰ
ϿЦãŶС˶֪ʲôǷ𣿡
֪˵ǲû***ҵСƨƨЦֱͩί졣
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ͩĴЦס˲ӣȻֹ
գգ۾ٺһЦɶϽȥ緹ˣɾͱ̺СáǳԹˣ
˵꣬һۣתȾܡ
ٶȣ÷˲ˡ
ͩվסĥĥŮһգ۾ܵûˣֵĵɷһۣúõĹ㲻˽Ů죬ƫ˳ȥѧ䣬ƣƣʲôˣ
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ϵɷ򣬳һôҰԺô˰
ж︣ЦӵļͷŤһ£ģ˿಻á
Ц֡
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꣬ӴĸŴ󻧶ˣҲ״˼׵Ҫ˿ɷķҲŵͷֻ̾ϢŨͩмޣãֻٽȽͬ꣬ѹȴûʵġ
ʲôЦ꣬׼ܻϲϲļŮ
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ҳ˵ǰͷٽӳƣΪǰϵЩԱףҪ۾ҿˣŮɲҸдĥϱ˼ңǲ󸻴ңֻҪĺãСӺˡ
ͷǣǲ󸻴ңֻҪĺãСӺģǵ£Ҷٶ¡
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˵ǽסʵϣү̫̫ͷվڶſڣ̫̫ǲžվſںߣֱŲ㱻϶ȡ
һӶˡ
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巿Ԭм£Ҫ˵Ծү̫̫ȻûС
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˰ɣ㻹ݣдɩݣɩݣСӶݣǴֵĸˮƵԬ˸ۣƲƲ죬һӶС
˼ҵǮҲǴģǳԺûҪһǮ֪ɣԺóԵģǮţֳȥ˶۸


400 Ԭϴս̫

̫̫Ԭһۣû˵㣬ɶ¶ˣԶ²ס죡óĶ
ԬϰһҺóҺó⻰˵ȥ̫̫첻죿˭İŸСʲԺɹ̫ǰСʶǴ嶫ͷǴ¸ྡ˵ôԼ
䣡
Ͽһۣ˾ϵĥϣԬ϶ķ޵ĺܡ
ϿڣæЦԼһƣңϳԷʱ˵ʲôǶû͵ҷ˸ƨ
εҡҡͷԬϺٺЦڽһͷ־Ͱ̫̫ǰһͷˡ
̫̫Ǻˣҵģ㻹ûйأŸǰĶҲ
ϣ̫̫˼˼ˣһֱôڣò˳ԷˣԬϲͷĵ̫̫һۣӶɩķóԣԸȥû㣡ڱ˼һô֪㡭浱ԼǶɩ׼أɲġ
ˣԸûꣿò˳ԷˡүһӣԬСӴնŻƹƬյߣһŵһ£һɣžһˤ˸飬Ҳһ
ԬҲһӣϲģ˭˭ԷˣбŻҶӣôȥܹͦˣӣҸǣɩôǣɩС²ôǣĸɩĵƲǼƽϣ巿ɲǣҶɩңȽңǵ񵱳ǰ۸ɩҲ巿ӦӦ
ү˫ԲɣӼҪͻȥһ˫ݵֶɸָԬϣ㡢㡭壡
һ巿ϱ޷٣ҵġ
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ʲôʱ̹
ҪסңŮԼͷϣ
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ܻһ㲻ǼЩ̫̫ȡôûѧʻ˵̫̫ǿõı£һգ˵Ļģ˴ζʵģɶʱȥѧѧҲûζ
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ķϿһϷû
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Ԭ˵ģɩôǣɩС²ôǣǷҲʵڲķѾù
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źʲôģԬ϶ţҲ롣
ڼԵ͸һĴ󷿣һ仰Ҳ˵
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ˣΪʮķݱܾ֪˵ſҲȽģߥһƦåſ£ſԴ⼸ȥ
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ֻǣԽ˵ĿⶼһɺݾǾģǴ󷿲֪ʲôʱָ顣
ü̾һ̧ͷ
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Ļû˵꣬ߵСһ䣬ָźͭأǿûǲƴ֡
Ϲɶأ̧ͷɫѿĵϡ
ɽܲͬĿһۣȦ죬ĵ̾һСϼ䣬̧ͷסҪӦ
զˣ
ɽҡҡͷ󣬡壬㵱ңҵҵȥɣҸԹ緹ȥкǣ㿴𣿡
ôУ
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ˣɽ˵Ļ̬ȡ
ЦЦּҲңֵֵܲܣﲻӣͻȻˡ
꣬粻£˼ң뵱ңҸ嶼ж
Ȼ̧ͷ֪Ŀ󣬡ģ粻˼һʱֱڿ졭
ֱڿԣ˵ĶǴʵ
ҡҡͷ޹أеֲֳĵĵ
˭Ҷν巿׼ĸɩⱲӶķ졣ʼ磬һΪı飬ÿӴ׵ĻƹϣСɩŪĻƹ¡
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ĺٺЦԬϵšһȦ㵱ɩǮǴεģԼӣһ̲ģ
ɩԺôƹϡ
ȻԼԣ
һԼ;ԼͣбǶԣ
˭ԣ㲻˭ԣҿǮϱӣ㻹˭ԣԬϲ
һı飬ɳɳɣԸԡ
Ԭˡ
ЩĿԬһۣԬгһ죬ɩأǳԿ
ЦЦ


401 ķּ

Ǳߣɽ裬СҪһգк˿լô
˻ִ߽С׬ǮʲôѽǷô¶Ȼү̺ʹǲأٲã岻նڼ𣿳ȥʲôҲˡɽĻ˵ίȴ̬ǿӲܾ
˵ʲôɽȦһ죬ק½ǣҸȥѹĸͱ㶼Цǣ˵ռôǮҸﻹմһѣ˵̭ǮҺѣҲﱻĸƲ𡭡
û£Ǯίͷ̾Ķ׵˵ϡ
ҡҡͷΪѣˡ
תȥ󷿣ƤӶû̧ңϴƾʲôźǣ
Ҳûָϻ䵽ү̫̫ϣǿأ
ǿɶﻹϲ𣿡̫̫ŭҸˣǾôŻ۸ǵģ
ɴ̫̫үӣôȥҲûʲô˼ˣּҰɡ
ּҶһõ˲һֻʣԻƹƬ
Ԭק飬۾Ŀүӡ
һûأʲôңүӵɫࡣ
̫̫Ǽгûû޳ȥأּܷң
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¶һĨš
ԵܽɫҰףķ·𲻴ڡ
ҦƸ̫̫ļţĸʲô˼㲻ˣҲҳױǲǣ
⻰˵ģ˭СӳޣҪɩױģԬƲƲ죬Ҧƣأ
ҾҪǸҲǣҦƺ
ԬϷ˸ۣǣƾʲôǣûռҴڽӴûźˣ˵ݾݣҲùܸ¶ߥݶϱȥû˸Ȣ㣡
ҦƹȻɫһ䣬ң
Ԭһڣɩұ׳ѹͲֶ֪ôд
ʶֶĴչȥһ䡣
Ԭգգۣʶ
ԣ治д
Ԭ۸ңҦתͷ״̫̫ݺݵĵԬϣҶ㡣
Ԭһתͷ飬Ҫң
ҡ㲻ңҾллˣҿɲ㣡ǸӣҪǸ㣬ӳ󻹲ôңƤЦ
ԬĵͷƵб̫̫һۡ
̫̫ؿڷ£ָϱİǣ
ﰡϱģôֹˣʼ磬Ƿ޺ͺĹӲϱϱ쭲Ź֡Ժ˵䲻ͽԴϲˡ
ûղ˵ʲôóױ
ױǺǴļóޣɩͼױģֲǼŮٺЦţתͷԬСǻͷŮɣĸŮϲˣںö˶ĸء
Ԭһڣϲߵģ㻹𣿡
˭˵ûֵģûզģ
Խ˵Խ죬æһס˵Ļүӵﲻţ󷿲ܣ˼ңæǮҸҲѲլӡһӻסһ˼𣿡
үӹŲӣû˭Ҳּң
ȴٿĿɨļֵܣլɸֻǵݣ˭ϣ⼸ֵܰǷ͵ķһˣǮǼֵһڴҵػӡ⣬ּҳȥļÿӣһʮﻨˣļ״ڵѣڵ񡢽񶼱նǡ磬磬壬Ǿأ
Ҳ׼Ҳ׼˵Ҳ׼ģ췴𣿡үŭָ
ٸŵģﻹڷʲôң˲ôҲˣʲô壿
ͷϵĵôТ˳ĶӣôͻȻּңòߥ޵İɣ
ɩģּңˣõȵʱ򣿣ϵ
ϰһƣ˵滰ˡ
ϣߥҶӷּң㡭̫̫е
ԬƲ죬öϱСԼˣ
Ԭ䣡ˣ˵ɶ̫̫˹ȥҪ˺Ԭϡ
Ԭ飬һס˹̫̫ѽǸʲôأϱ˭ů˭Ů
̫̫Ѳͷ飬鰥ϰϵĽУܹϱҪײˡ
ԬƼӣһӵϣ̫̫ҵҵ
̫̫ԼգһûӲ˹ȥҦϡ
ҦƼһһԶ˶㣬ֱ̫̫ͦͦȥ
ҪͷŵأܲɾͲ˵ˡ
үţ춼˵
˷ļ
̾һһǰס̫̫ƽŵϣүӵ˵ͷģҸ÷ȥɽϴЩҰζ
䣬һǰһ˷䡣
ֻʣռլһȺˡ
̫̫û£һתͷȥүӣԺլԺ󻹹ɹӣ˼Ҹÿ궼ТǸеļֻȱ˶࣬ȱٸǶϡһһźַʽû棿
үƤڣ͸࣬ؿһƨ˵ϣ˫мȷߺѹ㡢Ǿôּңϴ󡭡
ͱͱ١
Ŀһۣϴ󣬰ظǴ󷿸ǶϣǾ͸լźּҿԣðÿТӶ㣬һʮ


402 ֵڧ

ʮզȥǮׯȥԬһǵʮǰǴ󷿸һ˵ȥ󲮸õܵܺͼϱ˵Ƕû˵
Ԭ˰飬ӴһˣԬϵһۣЦĿڵ磬¶ɲص˵㵱ȥƹÿ¶ж˰ɣùһͭ𣿡
ͭ壿¶ɩӶӣ׵ﶼƫɶ¶Ŷ壬ʹŶɩûӻ۸ԬϲмƲƲ죬ĵĿڵŵ̫̫
ٺ飬˵Ů˲ʲô죿壬ϣ
ϣҿɲңأҿɲ磬Ҿһϴ֣źҳԴӴڽӴǾҼҵĹҼңֻұķݶҿɲ죡
ԬϵĺһĹƨ飬ҿ鶼ȥˣ˻üܵܺ͵һҼӣҪ˵ûûƤŶԣ
ûûƤ޵У¡ͻȻЦֵ
ԬϰһҵĹԶӣͷ±ţԣ
¡ͷٺЦţһˮ䵽ǰæָ̧ˣ⣬⡭
۾һϱ۶еͷҸĸѡ
ɡԬϴ󷽵ȷ˼ңܰÿ춼ԡ
ٺЦȻүӵҹȥû˼ˣƣ粻Լôɻ׬ǮңЩֵܣǸû˵Ŵô£ǿɻǴ󷿵ĲأԺīֽɲٻӡ
ڵӣүӵ顣
һӣǴֵܼġ
һүӵǳɫ
ץؿڣ񴭲ƵģŴͣһȺ˶Ŀûһ˵˳˳ؿıɶģ뻤ŵϴû
үĵһƬأԴһТ˳أҲġһּңµﲻˣ
죬½ȴɽקסһͷƼǰ񣬺һ˫Ůϣ顣
ү岻˵𣿼˼ңڸеТҲ٣ô˵µﲻأȻҼ岮ܸģǼҲҧҹҲίү̡ǰɣ
̧ͷͷƵһ
үӺݺݵĵɽһۣŮ˵ôأ
Щ֪Ŀɽ裬ɽȻһЦôľôү˵ЩΪլĸ岮ҪΪˡҲĵۣү۵һӦġ
Ŷһ̧ͷҿүӣֻץؿƤͻ֣ģʹ˼ңҸҲһТ˳
үӵӺݺһΣЩȣɫѿˣððԭˣּҡ
ǷּҿԣһʮӣͲּңߥ޵
үӿһۣ˵ʲôʲôҲû˵
ӶˣʣôһԸźڰģǲͼҪˣ˻˭ûе˽ġ
ӴһҲء
һǼҾͲʣʲôǮˣʮ󲮰һҲղɽҲ
ȴǵ¶ּҾ
Щģ˱ۣۿүӣҲô룿ҪּҾҪÿһҸʮӣ
ү
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ȻˣǾϰɣȥһˡ˵ţѿʼȥ
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үվԭزһѣȥ׷壬Ͻĸǲּ𣿵ͬ˻𣿡
ҲŲɣ˵ûҰĸ㻹ƫŴһҪʮбһֲۣɵģǸ۸ʮ꣬ҿɲ°뱲ӻѹ
ҪʮҪʮ˻𣿡үۼҪߵſˣŽżͰ˵ģһһ
ٴһ֪֪һ׬ӣʮķݡſģһ춼ֹʮӣǸϱһ¶ǳǧʮûǶҪʮ˭Ǿţһë
ѿĴͷЩߺ޵ĵԬһۣȦ죬ᡣ
ɽ̾һһһŸĸο
塢ģý㶼ԸԼҵ̫£䵽ⲽأһУǾȡˡ
ԬЦһǧǶ룬룡˵òôӣʹõóƾʲôǴ󷿰
ſҲãʮķҲãļҵĲҵθڵҲֻǸӸɻƹһʮûСϱŶӣͷδ̧
ţܣ
㰮ŲţСƵģϴҲӶˣޣԬһڡ
ٻ˵ʲôүѾſųȥ˶ţˣͰ˵ķ֣壬ȥ˸ҽл
ϣٺһЦܣĸ磬ּˣϴ˵㣬Ӧ˵
˳ȥҲû
үۼ˺üΣûƼˣϰµģָʹȥ
ү䣬ҵȽۣȥɡ
ɽվܡ
յſڣͿֵӵͼ߶ߣ۶ľмͷ


403 Ӳ

үӵһӾˡ
һЦƣ׼Ѽϼܣ㲻Ҳ÷ˣ
˭Ѽӣ
ұ죡үŭ
Цһ
Цӯӯķ̫үүѹѹ۵ģ޴йŭ𣬳һĨЦӭ˳ȥ
̫үЦЦĿүһۣڵҫ氡˵Ҫּˣ
ʲô֣
ǰֹֻһΣѣ
үӳ˳ǣﺢӲλЦˣλ롣
ռլ¶Ļв֪ģԭˣ˵ϻӣļҸԼƵģϣǿ쵱˳ƹġ
һֱүӹϢռϴ٣ӺһֱûıĲ£ΪſһηǶʮկ
ڹأǲּܷҵģԣүвĺ˭ֱԶ
˶һۣ֪й£Щ˶˾ǿƲ˵Ƶģֹ֪
̫үȽݣһݿһˣİһ⡢ôڵϣô¶
Ӳ£ǱģүӿЦ̾һҡҡͷ
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ԬϲԸˣһѣҲˣ⻰˵ģﻹǸιȥģǱҦεģ
ûУңҦһţǲӦޣűȥġ
ϣСӣ⻰ͼλү˭Сӳøɩ޵ģеˡԬЦһ
ҦƷ߷ߵĵԬϣ㣬ģš
˵Ů˲ʲô죬ҪôȥҪô졣үһӣȵ
ԬƲƲ죬վԲˡ
̫үǺЦҫ棬ôǵǼСּʱϸŸŮּױô⼸ӷּңŮּױﻹţöӸŮױ㲻ӶˣҶĻţ
үӵ˲ǳѿѿ
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ԬϹһ䣬ҪױҲи׵Ķʮ˴û˸ȢҪٶױʲôã
үšüݵԬһۡ
ЦŵүҴô֣
ģ˵үӴ
һǰԭȵĴ˵˵ֵܼ󷿸ҵһҸǷӵֵܼ̯ҵҦƵסҲǳӡĹأֳȥֵһТڵ񡢽մУһļÿѣñЬ࣬ľɥĻֵܼƽ̯еķҪˣϣûޣ硢壬أ
ҲҪ˭ͷŪЩ̤̤ĶһҵӱȽˬ졣ЦŰ֡
ûģɽקק½ǣ̧ͷǼҪ
ͷǺãﻹʮĶأһĶķ巿ҪϣĶĶĶ㿴𣿡
˵ʲôʲôү䵭
֪үҲ˲ˡ
үӻ䣬Цȥ̫үͷ̫ү֤ˣּ顭
дɡЦ
æл
ЦЦȥȡ˱īһͣүӺͼ߶˶ȷûдݣķ巿һʽݣһɸұܣһݽܡ
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˳緹ܣ̫үЦļͷСӣСӵķʱٺúǳһ١
̫үðɣЦĺ
̫үǱַֹӣɱѧЩˣ˼ӣŮֵܵġһдգʱ̼ţǴϹͷŽֵܣ»ŵЩֵģ͵ԼϹˣû
˵ţɨһۡ
Цظĵ죬̫үģӹأɲѧĳЩԼ
̫үźЦЦż뿪ˡ
ͳԺӣгԺӣլǱȥкţ˵լֻݺ䶫᷿ǵլҵط
ĸ磬׼ӣǸھ¡һӦˣЦ
ҡͷ֪ϻɩ
ϡЦš
ģЦҡҡͷǵ磬Ƥͷòһ£ҪҪȰһЩ
Цŵ˵ͷ
ϽӽٽԬʰȥϴˢʰãֻҰˡ
ԬϺһܹȥӣɩæһ磬˰ɣ죬ЪЪȥյˮǺȡ
㶣ˣϳȥʱ߹˿ˮ
ԬЦȥ˹ݸˡ
˺ˣЦеĸҫɩҲּˡ

ǡ߹ģô£
Ҫ֣պóӷˡûйͣǷ࣬ǶķҲã巿ҲգƶռլججĻӣÿն̤ʵʡ
ûլܻĸá
ЦЦҲá
ٽͩǣŵܵܳԺԬƼԶԶţŵõܵܣǱ۸ˣ⣬ǵ
ĺӦ˳ȥ㺰ǡ
ԬӦˣ׷ٽˡ
ЦſԬһۣԽˡ


404 լɢ

⻹ֵģ˵ǰЩ꣬ӶҪȥۻġ̹ٶԼҵģȷʮ꣬Ҿ͸ȢϱһϣǣҴСڣڶͷֳȥǰôôڣСڵСӣǰôô
񵹿ˡЦ
ɩЦңʵһֱףڡԬЦеĴչȥɩղûƼϴǺڵĸ׶ӴҵЦϼµģԣûһӼ棬Цһӡ
СԺ̧ͷͷġԬϵҲֵ䡣
Ԭϵͷɩ׼ѷӽĶǸھӰɡ
Ǹãͷʼθ
ɡ
ɩǲ׼緹ˣǹȥæվѹˮȥԬЦиš
ϼ״Цôˣ
סѾ鷳ɩˣôܻöɩӣԬʹ˸ɫԬϻ⣬߹ȥѹˮӹдһҰ
ɩϴϴ֣ȥЪһ緹
ĬЦЦ˳ǵĺ⣬ϴֶһߣһûһţ󲿷ʱԬߴߴ˵ԼԺӺΣЦӦһ䡣

ڣ̾˺ü˵ô״Ӧأľͷһȣſ˵ķּңôϵˣּÿõӶֹ񵹺ã˼ңһ˵ôһô
ôܻ
үӵһۣˣǲǻʮĶ𣿻ͷȥԺȾͶˣҸһ飬ʣµһΪһܼױһƽﻨˡ
һûʮôټϸʮҲ͸ոպãۿҪʼƾˣʱһʿûһӣ
Ҹǰ߶˵ſϾ˵˹پȸүͣȴûΪ߶ĶӣӣֵǮΪ˳ǵ⣬ǾͲڴ˵ˣ˾ͲƲˣƤڴӦǷּʱͶˡ
ˣүɫ࣬˰֣üһףӲԣѧҸֻûСòԼȥǰϵôƹµģѰжѣԼﵱү㻹˵˭֣
ٺǺЦúúãˣǶ۸ңݲң߱ǣߣ
תߣߵſڣ֪ʲôתүȥ
үӵۣɶ㻹Ӳɣ
һүӲסķ䡣
үųһͷϴ󷽲ĵԼᱻ
ͷӡϣҵ̫̫֪ʲôʱˣӵСͰ͵Ŀүӣզڵأ
үӿ̫̫Ǳ뵽Ϊ˷ִּ˰ΣȴûһǵͽȥЩᡣ
̫̫Ľգ¾ա
ϱӵʲôȻôһûĵ
ϴҵģϴҵģ̫̫үӲԹĵһۣϣ˰ûӦ
˼䣬ֿʼҵģģȥȴСŮקš
ǿɲˣү̵ĻǾͻסǣһǲǾͻʼʩ
̡ЩϲŮ
ɽƳһۣ㻹׶أôʱ䣬ŧ׵²˴ʱȥү̿ͷǸͭ㿴Ǹ𣿡
Ϻҡͷ
죬ͷ̾һ
ʵҲˣ̫̫ͷĻðڵһ磬ӷ֪һѵġ
ɽŷţ֪۸ҵʵԺ۸
ûˣķ巿
̫̫ĿֶؿڰϰϵĽл
үӿ̾һ߹ȥ̫̫ҽҵͷӣ
ˣٽҲүӽ˷ﴲϣԼҲ۳һĺ
Ƕˣ̫̫ߵ
үڴߣ̾һլɢˣҡûˡ
˵ɢʱүӵıǼЩ㣬˵ûʱȦЩ죬ˮζ
Ŭ˼ʮ꣬ܶ˼ʮ꣬Ϊ˴ڽӴ֪϶ﷴԼ檣Ļ̫̫ţŸº˳ӡ
ǻ־ɻоͳӶ飬Ͷֶ飬Ķ飬ʱﾳѾǰֲ飬ֻϵԼ־ͻ˼ҡ
˼꣬ϴͯǻϲصĸȢϱţġ壬ٽţһһŮ̳
ǵôռԺӱģǴ߳ȥֱġ
϶̫̫ԣϴӵ£ݣ϶ӣţǱεӣһƬһƬĵŪ˼ʮȫˡ
Ķǣȫģİ
û˰үݺᣬ޵ʮֿ
̫̫񣬸үӳ׼ʮ꣬ȥʱͷӿͷӶûޣȴˣˡ
⡢⵽׳ɶ¶ˣͷްҰ⵽զˡ̫̫˵˵ţȦҲˡ
ڱһ

ϲڿޣ
ڣܽذ뿿ڴͷһ׵ûѪɫȴЦ
Ͽ۹ŵķţ̾һҪӣҩҲҪӣûּһֵܶӣ˼ңү̲᲻磬ô죿
ϵĻܽһɫȻһƬҰס


405 ̫̫

ܽػҵȥ٣βסľ壬
üһۣû
ܽץϵĸ첲ҡţҲҲ
ʲôģܲ˵㼪ģɨĸŮһۣת˷䡣
ܽеӿ˳᲻᲻ңҺ°
££ء§ܽأӣĿãȻ˶ɵӣǴôЩ꣬ˡ
ּңҲ¡
ֻԼ̫̰ģһֱźС㲻СĸмӣÿµʹͶ١
һҸɻǶӣĺӡ
Ķʲô߰ġ
Ůҵ檣СŮүĴЩҼһȫҩڵš
ҳ׸˳
ȥС㣬Сȴ̫̫Զ޾ⱲǶûлһˡ
ǷʲôӶʹˣ԰Ĳæ
ʮķݡſֵطҲŲýƴţա
˵ףһҺģ
ܽرϣصĵϰ̾ŮܲȥٲãҪˡ
Щûȥĵˣȹӣ·ˣȥһˡ

Թ緹ϻطϢ
ţ˶һۣ϶ĿЦ
ȡͷϵӣѣڴϣĳ֣Ԭ˵үӸ̫̫ˡ
̾Ϣһĸ˵ˣ̫̫Ϊڵһû˷ݡ
򴽣ӹһĨʹ졣
үΪ飬뵽ԼԺɡ
ӵˣķڣڵʳǣֻǣһͬϴһңǼֵ²Ӧ
һû˵
ԺҪ˯ȥʱ˵һ䣬˼ңܲôࡣ
֪ǲˣϲŷͷĵǣ˯˹ȥ
Ӹ˸Ǳӣ˫Ժŷòߡ

˵ģ
̫̫ϣ㲻ڲƭң
ʲôأҿ׵ֶŮƭ˭ƭģЦ̫̫ļͷ룬ȽôǮ᲻Լﻨҿļҵ˵ѾͷҲȥģܰǵжӡ
Ҿ֪϶ӲǶʮ꣬ǣ̫̫һļϵ̫̫İ߰ͷһۣ͸ͬ飬ģ϶ף˵ʲôûõֵʵڡ
̫̫û
β˾䣬Ŀˣ
ϵͷ̫̫ĶˣЦٽǧȷôһɰ˵ҲиʮϰЩӣͿʲôͳʲôʲôʲôҲÿĸӵɫˡ
̫̫üЩԥ
Ҹտӳֽɽˣһʱġ
̫̫һۣ˵ɣҪǱ˷ô죿
ϣҵﰡֻһЩֲѸǶˣǼʹ֣Ժסôˣô϶͵ģ巿ǼСǰû͵ô˼Ҷ
̫̫۾һ԰ôû뵽һҾȥҰѷ磬õӣһ
üЦˡ
ͣ
õͣ
ϰ̫̫һڡ

СӶܳȥ棬Ԭȥ˴￴Żȥɽߡ
ԺӶĵġ
ϳȥһȦȷû˻ע⵽ʱȥ̫̫
̫̫ŻЩ۵һܽϵķ䡣
ˣ
ָŴϵһͷǣǵ£ۿϲصġ
̫̫һ˹ȥͷϣ˭֪ͷȴһ
ŤͷϣôûУ
ϲüǿͷµİѵºɰ̫ԣ˵ط
̫̫һۣǻϽһң
ãߣǱߡϻ˷Χæȥϵ¹
¹۵ĵطƥУһңһѵĲϣ֪Ϊʲôû
ǰԴ׵ƲƲ죬õĲϣĵ׵ζǴ˴׸ףһЩʺͷŭ
ƾʲô
޵ɷǸͯϼ޵ĲǸƦǸȳӣϴӵ˱С٣СӸ˴ѧģŮ˾
һĶŮĺã
ѵһ˵
ҵûУ⼸طұ˶ûС̫̫
æջϸķη¹ҲûУ֣ľȲܲԼӵģϵװӲȥˣ
ûУ̫̫ͷתͷһۡ
ҡͷ¹ûУ̨ҲûУܲѧӰӲصǽɣ
ֻһ˵˵̫̫꣬һۣ˶ʮа˾űǽ϶

Ǳߣߡ̫̫һͶڵϣã̽Ŀשͷǻģܴ򿪡
ȴһֱûз֡
ϣڴͷĵط£ն죬һǿյġ
ֻˡ
СĿ˻ĥ̫̫һۣһǽ״һСĵĳשͷ
Ȼһ۱㿴שͷĺɰ
۾һϲ
ʲôûУǱ𣿡
ûУʲôûС̫̫һô
ϼûעߣĵĽɰóɿԼשͷָԭ״
һУȻصĽŲ
ϵЩɤۣ˻ˣǿߣ
߼һץס̫̫ĸ첲ק̫̫Щģһɶûҵء
ң˷֣Ǿȫˡϳ
̫̫ק䣬ߵԼſڣݵžͱƿ


406 ɰŹ

ˡأȥ㿴ˣ
̫̫һĻ飬ʱһ˭ϱˣȢϱТİǣ
ʼ磬Ҳûһ¶춼Ҫ䣬̹СϰˣҲ֪Ժ˼ң᲻
һ뵽ԼĴԺӣͳ⣬ȾƾͺȾƣҲòҴŵĺӣðݡ
ٺЦ
ɶţæ˴죬ȥҵˮȡ
룬ס飬ܣլǱ߶ˣ
šˣܳȥɶ˯̹
۾΢ô˵ģʲôʱܿʼǷӣ
壬Щױ̫̫ܲܰͻȻקס½ǣʵ
ӴһҵûƼճʲôˣڵģשͷջˣܵĿ죬ҪȻţͷճɻң
쵰˸ӣü̳ҵļױ̫̫һšסĶ䣬ǲǣ
Ƕ䣬Ķ䣡û˶䣬öôȥţ
̫̫аԼĶȳţҸղǸ˵˹ͷջඣǼľͷʲôճɻҽˣĻܰ
˵꣬ɩҪǵУֵЩˮ˸ȥլǱ£һæ˰죬ˮûúȣ̫ռҵļˡ
ϵ˲ûգֶŮ벻ˡ
ãû˵ƳһۣܲмһۣҡͷԵҲˣϱ˵𶼲пҲûˮҲ֪ȢɶġôϱǱµģϴź˺һ䣬׬Ǯٺ١ȢһϱӴ
˵գת֣Ƶˡ
ıӲ㶼ˣʲô𶼲ԼϱбҪѹô
ɶ
̫̫ʧǵĻԼݣϿԼĶæСҿ˿Լݡ
ܽذ뿿ڴϣһ嶫죬̧ͷϣЦЦ
ꡣһĺɰӳ죬ӶóҰѺɰٷŻȥ
Ǻɰһ֣ܽؾ;ȵİһһס죬ʲôСı˷֣㣬ŵĺɰգȥһϣ˵ҩǮ
ܽظжȦˣҵˣҡ
ɵѾͷЦһҹŮʮ»̥ģҲ˭ȥϽģһ
ܽĨ˰ᣬһԵڱϣʮӣһЩɢӣֵܽ˵࣬ϲɢĲ
ŶʮƲƲ죬ȽôǮôֻô٣ǼҵĴƱӿ϶ڱ𴦲ţһͷȥҡ
šܽͷͷóԼĺɰӶװȥݸϣ
ҡҡͷšҸ˯һҲӣ϶ᱻġ
ܽ룬Ŷһɰ
ĺɰȥĿܽͻȻ澫£ɰҪȥĻôҲǮɣ
۾һͷֹǮ㿴幤ݶһ桭⻹˫尡ǿɸֵǮˣһɰ˵Ҳ϶ӣ
ܽ۾ɵĻԲôֵǮ
ЦŵͷɰܽУˣɰȷţȥʱȥٻǮøҩ
ܽȦһ죬лл
̾һû£㱻̧ǻﶼΪòˣүү̶˵ûˣݶһûһƤŴô˵棬¹򣬱ӳžȻ㡭
ԣܽ߬ȭͷҲӺ֮һúТ˳
οЦЦ
ӱ͵ˣ᲻Ұһô죿ܽصĵ
һ£¶ܰ·Ҳɣ˵ֲһȥġ
ſܽضߣֹ˵˺һȻܽز԰׵ЦӯӯģһڶǶһţ˭Ҳ
ĸŮﻶϲص֣̫̫ȴݣܵĲС
үӼʲôƵ䶯̧ôˣȥһˣô궪ˣ
ͷӣҵļױûˣȫûˡ̫̫ӴȦЩ죬ױϻӻ١͸ҵģƻģֵǮˣȫûˡ
ү̾׾İο̫̫ˣܼһѾˣû˾ûˣģǻģҪԺٸһ
ʲô򰡣һͭ嶼ûУЩһŸʮ㻹Ҫֳȥ飬ҦƵļױﻹӣԺҪǵɫǶһȺ
̫̫ίĲУ뵱꣬ҲүԺһ֦˵һױϻӣһͷ棬ҧҧҲġ
أʲôûˡ
Ǹûž͹ܶļˣסүүôԺͨѾͷˣʲôû
е֮ģԼ˵ԺˣĻ޵
̫̫һʱصĿ
үӱ̫̫˵һͭ嶼ûУЩѻһ޿޵ģЩܣԺϲΪˣӡŮ˭뿿ס
̾ϢһﲻϻʮĶصԼּĶԵģЩóȥˣÿĲ˴ţԺʲô죬Ͳÿɫˡ


407 ˭͵ҵӣ

ģ̧̫̫ۣͷүӡ
үӵͷġ
̫̫ȴûָˣǲżӣ˵׻Ⱥûģ뵱Ϊǳ˶ٿࣿһʺһİˣȢϱӣͰǵǹǽݣ˵ӾˣһӣǡǴ򷢽лأ
𼸸ӣүҲܡ
ôӣΪ˴ڽӴҫ棬̫ܵү񵹺ãһǺˮޣ뵥ɣҪˡ
үӵİĺӼǧδƵģ˵ܡ
ͷӣҸ˵ּҵʱһȥǲǣ̫̫Ĩ˰ᣬүӵ
үӿ飬֪ʹ뵽ԺĿ͵˵ͷʲô
ܸʲôʲôɣ̫̫һıȥһҪӣ˵ĸǸģҲҪҾͳȥ˵ǲТ˳ȥǷǰޣù·ԷĶƣôǮһ͸ӣҪĶĶ࡭
㡭ү˵öӶģԺ˭ȥǳԷ
ɻճھ˻ȥʲôѽԼڲ͸ҪĲ𣿻ҪӶϱɫ
ˣ˻𣿣
͸Ҳָָʲôζ
үˣ滺ˣҲ̫֣ҪǴӦӣͱȥˣֳȥҲŶ
үӲԣ̫̫һ¾ͻˣģ϶ģɶʵʵҶȥģһ溦ǲɣҾһ¶Ҫӣ࣬һͳɣ
һһʮ¾ʮ
ү죬˵ſҪʮ˲ˣҪʮҲûϷ
ʲôû˵ǻſҪôӣûھĬˣ嶼զ˵ģ
ûУ
ǺǣŪɵأ
ǵûȥɹƹǲǣ
ӣһǧٵģļүѾͷٸǮٸ
壬걳ļң˶ٻ浱ǸϹӣ
ÿȥſתƣվͼߣɻϱһ¶úüӣһһʮ
±߶ɻ˶ô࣬ûӣ
ҪǡҪֵ̫ѿȥ˿Цǣôôɿڣ
һȺ
Ż۸ڣ
ͷӣզɣ
үͷһ룬˼˼ˡ
̫̫һһͷȸͨϻһˮƽҲ˽¾ͶӸһ
үӿһۡ
˵м⣬Լ
̫̫һڣˣҪˣûã㶵ǵģҲ֪˭ˡ
˭Լ游
Ҫô㶵ǵģҲƲΪǻиֵܰһѣҲΪ˵ūš
ԣŷ˺ҪӣԺ˭֪
үҡҡͷ²ס
ˣˡ
̫̫һԿʼ߶߶˵ϸôô˵ʱүҪԱ߸
үŻ̫̫˵ɶ֪ˣ˯ˡ
ĽУ˭ˣݵ˭͵ģ
͵
үһ飬˲ˡ
զ£˭泳£˭Ӷˣүһ̫̫һ´Ьߡ
̫̫ûĺһ˭϶ҵǸǺģԼӲصô˭֪ģ
͵ģѹûš
үӵû̫̫ȥ϶ӵĶһǲ£ܸм֪֮ﺢӶ࣬мֿģ׼ĸӵƤˡ
Լ˵ӣô͵
үɫ˳ƿ˳ȥ
ͼվ룬ۿÿһӷ߳ˣ䵽ϵġ
үӺܲһʲô϶
ӻûæɽϴĳЩ˵˸ƻʳأ
⻰үӸˡ
϶ҵģ⻰ʲô˼ڸɫסҶӼң
ЦЦĿһۣҪǻ׵Ϊһס
㡭
ٷϻ˭͵ģվһԵûǱѳ
ɨһȦǺЦͶҹȥǷ޺ˣһ
үӵǵ࣬ϣȥмӻ˭ȥķ䣬ϽѶ
Ŷһȴתݣš
ڴһǴûȥ϶Ƿ䡣
үԭض˼ؽţִɽקϲȥүҸһ綼ӣûȥҲû˭ĸķ䡣
żүҪǻͷզ죿϶Ҳ˻
ôУǱûȥҲ֪˭˶ĸӣҵҲ¡㿴ɽ軨ĺÿɽЦŻ˻
ϱŮתעŮ廨˿ߣԺ»ָ˰
ЦЦĿүӣүӵƵģѿ
ҿˣ
ԺǽǣӶһȫ͵СӣЦ֡
巿¡
򴽡
үһϲæ֣¡үү
¡գգۣүӣ֣ͷһͣݺݵүӳ˹
үүҪסңݡ
үӱǽס¡˭֪¡ֶնײİһڵϣ˸
үӣ
ôˣӣǹ˼ȣҪš


408 ڹ

Сӣǳⳤһ׳ģҲ֪˭

ү뵽Ԭǻ첻ߵĴͷģü俴ַŭǱĴӵһץסСֶն¡¡˵㿴˽ķ䣬˭
̰ҿ̾ƨſǽϣöǿˣˡ¡Ц֣һˮӿл䣬ֵĵͷŪſˮ
үȴɵˣ˵˭ộǲǿˣ
¡ȴˮĲֺˡ
үܣٸ
俴үһۣͳӸ¡˲¡ˮ³ˣҪɾ
Ŷ¡ƶǶץϵӣҵϲ˲ȻֿЦĸ¡ɾ𣿡
аЦݣϵĲһЦɾˣ¡ÿ
¡ٺЦֲ˲죬תˡ
ſڽ¡ûǰĶ˳ȥ

үݣ̫̫Ҫӵ£յǰһѴ֣㣬ǲȥ϶ˣǲõģ
˭˵ҽˣûȥ
̫̫һ뵽ϵĶӲŲӷϡ
ʮޣүһ֪϶ȥָ˵㡢㡢˵ʲôãúõȥݸɶ㻹͵ϱӣǲǻ˼Ҽסأղ˵ɶû𣿲ǮȥѵˣͽȫլӶˣȥסģ
ңȻ϶ҼӿɶѪףûǸ̫̫ɫȴǿŵ
үߴȣϽģߵó
ûӣҸûҵӵĵط̫̫
үӣûҵܲһĲٵĻңǲܣٲҪ̫үԼһˣʱˣҲȥð϶ʮ̫ү͵ϱķ䣬͵߶ϱȫҵҪΣϵ
̫̫ˣ֣ûӣûҵûҵ6
үӵ̫̫ˣ㻹ϣҪȫ˶ڵЦ⣿˵ȥΡ
ûмӰ̫̫췺࣬ᣬͷӣҪҰûá
õģӻܳˣүӴŭ
̫̫п൹ֻظ治õģѹûҵ˵˵ţͻȻӦ᲻ˣ
˭үüͷһ˭ˣ
ϴϱ̫̫ʱһȥģǽ߶ңڴͷңɶûҵͻˡҾͱϴϱקˡ
үĵ̫̫϶ϱʵʱϴϱԱվأ˵Ǵûȥ϶
զûȥȥģ̫̫ըëˣƿүӾܡ
үĶţǰһץסȥɶôһ¿͵Ҳ͵ˣ϶ϱӣõ㶪ȥ
̫̫һۣң
ôˣֲ϶ѹţַ˼ңǻſڱտڵ¶үӰ̾
˵úõģȥɶ
̫̫ЩˣΪ϶Ҫһ˶ȥֻԼҪǱȥסĶ
լյɶʣˣڴҲãΨõҲϱϱĲˣȥ޶С
̫̫һϡԬϣһ߻Żŵȥүӣͷӣǡզ찡û϶ϱӡ
үšüĲУȥ͵ʱ͸·ô죿
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үӵһۣʲôб³ȥ¡
̫̫ĹĵĻصүһۣСųȥˣϴһ䣬סҾֱ˵ӵڣСӻᴳݣ˭ϡݣûݣûʲӣ
䣬תݣصһˡ
үӣ
Цһܺãҵļһҵ˵Ļ˵ˣȻǲúõˣǾͶҹ
˵Ȼ߼һүӡ̫̫ڵķϣҹڣ̣ϣ
ΪɷΪ˺ʮ꣬˭ˣ͵ӣ

ܽؿڱŵŵһ£ô죿ˣ᲻İǸϳȥ
ϵɫѿû뵽ϻôĿŵˣ
Ϊ¡Ļ϶̫̫õģῴϣ»СС»ˣ˭֪Ȼô
ܽػ˻ϵĸ첲
ϿһۣһĨЦû£Сû¡˵õģҰȥЩ˵ĭӻ
Ļ䣬ֻһ죬űһ߿󲽳ĸŮ˽
һ㶡
Խסܽص죬Žק
ܽŵļУۡ
ˣſҼؽɶ㡭ϼ˹ȥϷſܽأһϡ
˵ϹǼȻҾԶ֣ɨһۡ
ϼҪʹȥģ
ȻҪǸϳȥ
ˣ
ô󣬿Ҳǿţססôˣ
ܽһҽУѱקݣסſ޽ţûӣҸʲô
ڼҵֻЩˣҵӣ˵ô죿һۣûһ飬ƫЦЦ쳣ԣֻܰȫϳȥ
ܽŵֿһɤӣ֪˭͵ӣ


409 ҧ

ŮһɤӣŵĻһ¡
ЦЦĿŶ֪ղʲôû˵
֪֪ܽذſּүӸ̫̫ˡ
̫̫뵽ǰŲ˵׷ĳүӵ½ǣˣҪɱˡ
үüһۣúõģںˣֵģ
ȥԴҳ˵䣬ɷϿĲм飬³ȥٱӣ̾˼Ҳûȥ
಼һűյܽأػ˼Σ˵ɣ˭͵ģ
ϿŮֵһİ촽ֱ£ǡǲǡǲ˵˭ͷؽ
ϵͷ
򴽣ү̫̫ķ俴һۣǡ̫̫
ȥ̫̫ҵóϽܽߣȻ֣ܽصļ־סĺ졣
ܽػĻȥ
ŵ඼ҪˣϣʲôʲôѾˣѾˣſҼؽ
ȥ˽гȻϽܽףϰһתͷ˵ү̫̫ķϣƴ˴Ȼ̫̫̫̫
ү̫̫ŵĶ˸¡
̫̫һվүӣզզ죿
ȥ
ϴϱеôңҲ֪ʲôǲȥϴҲ˵ԺǸŴ󷿹ӵġ
̫̫˿ڿˮү
Ÿ֨򿪣ϲ졢˵õģǼؽ޹ذ϶ϱҼؽˤ
үɵ۵ĿСһܽأƤˣ㡢㡭϶ϱʲôϽؽ
ϵƳһۣĿ̫̫ϣأó
ʲôӣû̫̫ү̽ͷһ䡣
ɨϣһץס̫̫ĸ첲ۿģ̫̫Ұŷ磬˵ӷҵ
ˣʡ
ϲ˹ƵҡͷûСûУһͭ嶼ûҡ
̫̫һĵϵ֣ϹɶһȥģɶûҼӿ϶õġ
ˣϽ㷿ˡϸ˵̫̫ĺֶûƽϡ
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ȤĿŹֶˡϱˣǡҧ
үŭˣǱˡ϶ϱ㵽ʲô
򵥣͵ӽ̡ϣƲȥһۡ
üĿ۽ﶼûүָ£̧һȵ̫̫ϣأϽó
̫̫ˣͷӣң
ϽܽضϣһѱסŮߣЦʲôò͵ҵӣǻǵù
վסţֺޣĿڶڴ
§ŮؿڱӿۣȴۣԽ§Խģģ
ʮӣСԺܻǮչŮʡŵԺȣǻüˡ
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ҧҲûӣ˭Ҳ
ۣؿںۡܽɫףۣϼˣæ£ôﲻ
ܽҡͷؿۡ
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ܽصۿ˲ӯˮ
ڽ֣źȻƿԬż˵ЦĻˣһջöɩЪЪⷿ˵ҲøǸµģܲöɩźǡ
ԬЦɣɩġ˵ǼҲմ˶Ĺ⣬Ķɩ˸ôܸɵȽ
С㡣
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ЩƵЦ̲סЦ
ǣں棬֪ǲǽŲ̫죬ûϣһͷԵ˵ϣ˵һ
˶һ
Ԭһĵͷϣչ˵ܵܣզչ˵ģĻô죿
ߵĺúõģզͻȻˤˣզܹңͷˤ㶵ЦˣСӲˤɵ˰ɣ
Ԭкһơ
ЦȥСвˤͷģˤˤʵû¶
ԬϴƣͻȻЦˣ߸类ˡ
һ㶣һƳкȥСӣȻǹģҲƨɿ
һֱԬϱȥСԬת߸Ҫҡ
ԬϱתͷΣһ߻һȥ򷢸㻹Ҵܵܣ˰񷢣վסٶŲҴ㣡
֪ɶСӸ˴ģ˵ңӮĻЩӶùдүСƨҽǴһٲɡ
Ԭһ㶣ȥϣҲˡ
ͷȥ§Ԭϴȣ˻ûС
ԬһѽҵιԹԣŶôͳɾˣޣôô
㻹Ķš
ԬƳȥһۣ˸ۣ㣬ˣܼܵƽС£Ͻȥլʲôʱæ꣬˵׼ˣæԷ
һͷ
ԬЦһĵͷϣȥ
ˡ
ҡͷǰض¶ˣ¶Ǽԣ߸ǵø߸ⲻǣ֪巢֮ĸˣ㻹ݺ߸磬ԣ֪
һӾˣ֪ˡԲ𡣡


410 ǰ취İ취

ϣ⺢ϲû¶߸Ƥ񣬴²µġԬЦ
תСȥϣϵԴȥ
ͩЦĽӹƨ£СƤôģЩıƲܶԼˣýѵ˰ɣ
㡭ƨɣǺСִƨɣ˵ƨãҵƨֻϱ
ۡԬһûסЦˣҵСĸӴⶼ˭ģô󣬶ʼϱˡ
ϳ˳ǣݺݵͩһۣһָͷŮͷ̺õģﶼܵʲô߰Ķͩ˵Ļͱȥˣ
ѽ𰡣֪˻Ҿôһ˵˭֪ͼסˣѧ˾һǺǣĲܹҡͩżˣϵĸ첲ƴ͡
˵ڳɶǽŪ˸ɽͷмĶأȼ°źãõǺ˵˵˵ģ
ҷҷģԺһ̵ܵЩ߰Ķˣòã
бŮһۣû˵Ҳû˵ãŶһ·ݡ
߳ͷ˸ͩĻȭͷ
ԬһЦ
ˣŻأ᲻ġ
ͩЦ۾Ԭϡ
ԬϴЦͷԺ治ٽܵЩˣҪˣ⻰ȥᱻ˵ġ
ͩͷסԬϵĸ첲һҪҿвȥͷðҼʱˣ
Ԭ̲סЦúúãҰ㿴
ͩŴСֹ֣ŮžǸڶӲһҪҪһŮ
ʮ࣬׳ʵϻʮӵģҲܡ
ڼҲˣҲŮţеȲ
Ů뽿ŮӲĳ򶼲жŮ
ְֽ

æʱ˵Ц
ݣۿˣүĸŮ
ҵӾǼϣҲûãҸʱǰӸͻȥǻ˵ȻֱӶǳȥ
˵껰תݡ
һš
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ۡȲѣҪ˵㣬ϾҪؽˤˣû뺦㡭۵ļһȥ̫̫֡
̫̫бܽһۣˣǲͣŪѾͷƬڼԲȣһ˰ˣ糬
ܽؾؿڣҰ׵һ˫۾ȴԹĿ̫̫һۡ
̫̫ûүȴˣ̵˻ȥܽæͷ
үŮӵ̫ҲǸġ
Խڷּˡ
ۿһۣϴϱ˵û϶ӣɣҲҪԼӷŻȥ¾϶ϱ˵ģȥˣ˭ᣬҪִԲ򡭡
̾һҸĴóʮеһ빦飬ҪΪǵӲӣ⻰͵û˵ӣǻݡ
̫̫ݺݵɿϣһĭүӻݡ
Ǳĵڵϣܽȥȴһ̱ڵϣæסʲô
ܽعɿ
һ㶣Ȧ죬§ŮɵŮ
ҪǰӻȥɣܽС
ϿһۣȻݡ
˻ݣϽŸϣŷܽػص¡
˵Ӿ͸ǳȥү˵ҲԺͲܴˣǰӻȥɣŮǸ֮ˣ͵ôӣģԺŮˣﻹд㡭ܽص˵ţ£ʣ
۵Ľ§뻳У˵ʲôɵôܲôȻˣúûŵģϢ취롭
ܽ£Լڴ߿Ůƣ۲԰׵ûѪɫǿţǲһ˯˹ȥ
̾һǵûˣȻˣôĿԼŮȥ
Ůؿڵӣڴߣ˺ܾá
ֱɫڣ½ˣ˸ǰ취İ취
ܽؿЩģ𣿡
ҧҲС
ܽصͷ
ĸŮ⣬һۣܽͨһɻشϣһȥ˰˰ؽ鴤ȥˡ
ߵſڵ飬ʼ硣
ܹˣˮġ壬ǴأؽҪؽÿ򡭡
壬ȥС塣
һתҪߣϽסûӣȥϣи򿴵ֱֺˡ
ô˵ⲻһøϳĻƽϵſڣĸŮȥһˡ
ϸжµܻݣ̾һ壬ȥҴɡ
ڿɲؽˣҿǲҪ֪ĺãȻָ˵ؽ׻ˡҰɵ
üͳɰϱܽɰݸɩﻹмɢӣȥؽ伸ҩ
ллĵܣлллɫ԰׵ؽǺܿ
ԷԺͩкš
ϵͷתŮʱ¶һЦ
վſڣϣӣϲмһЦϾ㤵Ĵͷ
̧ͷͼϵһһϡ
ȴϷб£һӱ


411 

˸ͷŮͷУߣȥϡ
ϣ̫̫ˡ
޳ƨ˦һ£˻㳯ǰȥ
ͷһģģȥϵ·
ԽԽڣߵϳſʱѺ͸ŵʿ˵˼ʲôʿЦһȭַС
ϿжԶķŭһ¥
ôǮôǮΪ˶ʮӣĸŮƳǸң
ޣϣˣ
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ϵͷ££Ůͷһϣҵطţ˷ȥϢһ磬ȥ綯ȥ
Ҫȥ𣿵ʹô죿ǻġܽĥϵ֣С
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Ƕܻţؽûͻˡ
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ҡҡͷȥǰһݳԷһ˿˲Լٸͻȥأ˭֪ĹٻҽʣһץҩСҩͯˡ
ˣŶ˵ǶĸŮˡ
ˣȥˣ
Сҩͯҡͷ֪ȥ˰ɡ
ƼֱͷôԶôȥ
Сҩ̯̯֣֪ͯ
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΢üͷô£أ
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ҲЩǣ䣬ȥңַʮկ
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ԬϲͷĻ˻֣Ǹ˾ߵĶԿ˵ôˣ˹˲ɣ
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ҡͷ˵ֻȥĹ򣬻ͲˣǸĿջѰˣûˣҲȥʹˣɩؽûȥ磬úһ룬ǻʲôطȥ
ô֪ǻȥģûɫؽӾһ첻ҩˣ˭ȥϵģºˣ˶ˡ
⻰һϵɫÿˡ
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бһۣһɩǿɼסˣԺ󰡣ҲܰҴ򣬽ȻΪҪ
ٵ׺
ĵԬһۣתݡ
ĿڶµĻţԹ󣬡ʲô¶İæǵĲˡ
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һ㶣һۣЦˣǷû㿴塣
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ȥ˵һܹˡЦתȥү̫̫ķ䡣
Ԭȥϵķ䡣
ɩϺؽˡԬŽȥһ䡣
ڴǰʲôԬϵĻ¶һ£
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߹ȥƼ۵Ļ꣬Ҳܾȡ
ľȻ
ɩȽ
ߣСķ΢΢һЦôˣ
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ĸİԼȥֽӸǾˣ˲ˣȫĸĴһȵϴһЬʲôޣ
ü˲ˣ
Ԭϵͷ
Ͽϡ
ϿЦɲ˵˼һƽ͵طֻȥǰ棬ʱѾ֪ˣʮˣĿջѰҲûҵˣһڳţҲûˡǣİæû䵽ãһȡ
ЩˣǡԬƲƲ졣
ϵ֣Ҵ֪ĸŮΪʲôˣ
ȻĿ
ԬҲЩסɩ֪Ϊɶ
ϵͷָָԼͷĵط˶ʮӣʢصģŴʮȥϡĽģһǮʱӵĺɰǶʮӶˡ
ò͵İɣԬ˲ˡ
һҵʱǣǶϣ¡ܳ˵̫̫ݣ̫̫ҧϡ


412 ֪ж

Ԭϵɴ۾ĵ⡭ò͵˶ɩӣηǱ˰ɣ
Ȼ
⡢²Ƿ˰ɣɩǺóԺúȣ⵵͵¶ǡ˲֪ô˵źã
Цһ˭֪ôģ
Ԭֱ࣬ɩɰӲʵеһξеڶΣͷ϶͵
Ҳ֪ȥĶˣ͵ӣǰġֱҡͷ
ԬƲ죬ɶⵣģ˼˵ңأǣӻû˾֪ˣ˵ʱլķӾ͸Ǻˣʱһȫ
ϿԬһۣüҪã۲Ĳ
ԬϺٺЦŵͷɶɩǶʮӵҪˡ
ˣүҰĽϿɬһЦͷĦϵľȻ۽ëͶһƬӰס˿۵׵ɫ
ϷִһŽȥ

ŷʱؽʧٲӰĻŻˣСܻݣɽ˵ˡ
ɽü
µؿڣСɽ˵᲻ؽߵģ
㲻ǶǴҪ㿴ŴŶ뿪ģǻһ仰û˵ɽƳԼĸһۡ
ҡͷ㲻ֶ֪Σء
ɽεҡҡͷԶƫ
һܶϱ죬ίĵŮһۣǶôǮĺһһϢǼȽҲҪΪȽͲΪ̽Ūˣ̲ӣǶҲ˵ôȲűӵġ
ĨĨ۽ǣ۽Ǻͨͨġ
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ƫʲôʱƫǼˣŮһֱ˵ϵ۾ˣίίģҸҪһ绹ްҶûҪҵģϸô죬һ۶ûУ䡭

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οʱý㱻̴ͷѪһȲӾýȷģ˵ǻӱͽţжӣҲöó
ƾʲô
ô򵥣׵ĵת
ȷҸ粡Ŀˡ
ޣʲô粡ĿˣҲĿˣ綼ᲡĿˣϲĵŮ
ɽķ˷ðɣҸ粡ĿˣҲĿˣӣҪС˵Ҫ׼һЩƬţԷһ
úõΪɶĿˣü
ɽ򴽣ȷıȷ
ŮЩϹԹԵŶһŮ֣϶ģ㲡ġ
ɽЦЦǮҪӡ
ɽǻҪ֡
ϵɫȻˣΪɶҪǼӣ
ΪǼжģûѽԶҪһѣΪǼҺþûˣ
ɽ̧ͷϡ
һգ۵ǮҪǼҵӵġ
ȷ
ȷϿһԡ
ɽ̾һɣ㣬ҲԸǮǽ裬лģҪȥ޻أ
ˣզ㿴㲻˵ҪƬ˲ôɶϹֲɵӣŮȣǮѡ
ɽ̯̯֣￴ĲǺ𣿵ʱǲܰæѾԶýˣ㻹Ͱ͵ȥҪ˵¡ýһߣôӦ㣿
мֻȻƬ̺ЩίĿɽ裬Ժ˵ʲô˵ǿʼͶҺ䵭Ըһҡ
˵ҾҪһˡɽȻĿϡ
㡢Ҫɶ
ǲǴӶﲻӿʼͶԶӲǱ۾۾ģǱǵʹӣ
ĿһԣҲ֪˵ɶ
ɽ跭˸ۣʲô֪ǲԸԼĴ
֪˵û֪ǰвԵĵط֮Ҿͱ˰ﲻҲûҺɫɻô࣬Ҳû˵һѣҼҶöǮĿǼҿڼжһҲûҪ࣬һһӻ𡭡ϲְԹһͨ
ɽЩͷ۵ı˱ۣﰡôͲףǱˣ˼ҵٺöǱ˼ҵģǼҪϺӣֻܿҵ
ɶб˼ң׸׵ܵܣһôˣϲıԹ
ɽЦǺ׵ܵ׸ôˣˣ˾͸ǨˣƾʲôѽëøһģԺûԸ
һŮô˵Լᶼˣզң⺢զô˵ʮ»̥ģզϰˡ
Ҳ˵ˣΪʲôҪɽԸųûȴĸףΡ
ϵĿһ٣תɽ裬һһ˵ţùŮ϶ǼڹŮǰ˵ɶˣί
ɽۣͷϣЦˣ˵˾ǣ֪ж
ûϲ


413 ߱

ؽһֱѶÿճһ˭ģ˶Ƿġ
üƼĿϣŭѣóԺúȵźźˣ
˵ɩŲģ
ᣬϽǰߣ
߱öɩġ
תͷȥѰ˸ǷӵʦǮ˼ҼӽϹ
ѰõĵػɴඪȲˣһѰڵСԺӣֱ
ʮկ߶լķӸǺãǵٶ
µɵլӣ³͸ǺˣһɣһնûȣүӲٻլ
ߣүĿ⸴ӵĿ˵İô޲ȥլ
㲻˵լĸⷿӸǺˣ㲻ȥҶɩҸɶǿ˼ҳġչƲƲ
үӵһۣҲ첻ߵ˵ģҾ㣬ǰȥ˭Һɩˣͣøշ
ҦͲСˣҲѧˣպã̼ΣʲôˡŻ˵ʲôүӣʮ˴壬˵вϱҦʲôᣬһֱ𣿡
ү죬µ˵
ϣ㲻ѧҴ磬ҦƼ޸Ǯ˼С檰ɣ
үӺݵһۣ˵ͱǳ죡
ʼ磬˵Ͳ˵һ˵ѺúһŮ̳ʲôˣһլ¶ô죬Ӱûš
үתͷߡ
黹ںŽŽУͷҽ磬ɱŰǲסլˣûˣǵӼҵҪඡ
үӵĽŲԽԽ졣
̫̫ŴСĶ޺һۣûĵ
Ƥ
ǴլʱֻһѣСĶ˵ģ
ЦЦ
һôЦأ
ס飬ˣ˶ˣٽ֦
ĸ磬֦ǲǲҪ鷳˼ͻȻ
һ£ͷࡣ
ͺٺЦЦϴ˵һΣҾͼסˣĸģҲ֦ģֻˮ
󣬡
һ·ͻլֵתͷȥǰҵѾˡ
ԬźϳҲûʲôʲӣʱļѣðһܰˡ
ˡ
ߵ˵ĵطͣ½ŲӻͳһƱݹȥ磬ӸͶɩ鷳ˣƱ͵ЩĿ
ʲôԺӿҲǿţҲǶ༸˳Է
ƴˣʹ󷿶ǲˣοδɩΪ͵ߡεĺܣ֪ɩûùȽӣԼҲԣЩҲ֪Ҫܶá
ƱŰɣ˭ҵҲǴģɩô࣬ӦʲôôǸռˣȽҲϣ̫࡭
ִ⽫Ʊٿڣתͷʹˡ
ֱϳվԭء
ͩڴ˺ܾãôˣ
ŮͷЦЦˡ
ʲôʱȥ
ľȣͩϵ̾ͻˣͳһ˫Źֵ飬ʱһһѻ㣬󿴵ͷֽ̧ۣԴƵһߣʲôʱһȭһ׳
󣡡һͺȡ
˸飬üԵϣͻȻ뵽ʲôתͩһۣͩͷɵٽߣͷ῿ļϣĿŸĸ
ϵ󣬡㻹Ůǲǣ㿴ûһŮеӣ㻹ȥһȭһ׳ȰҴˣ۲Ĳ
⡢ⲻһ˵𣿡Цһ߸Ůʹɫ
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Σֻ̾˿סϣյߵһ䣬ɫһ䣬ģ
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¶ǣͩҪȥˣ
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ҲԸ⣡ͩ߬ȭͷţа£һȭһ׳
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ٽ״üͷ΢

ϵСԺʮķݲǺԶľǰµǸСԺҲСӡ
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ҲЦҲû
ˣθǲǽμӿƾٿ԰
μԺԡЦ
ԬϰѽһǲǿǲǾǿˣôûθ
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լһ£ԬϵͷЩۺĿϣɩãθ˴ʦָ㣬ͯһξͿˣſ϶Ҳһι
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Ԭһ㶣һ𣿡
ҡͷ
ԬνĻӻ֣ҼҼûһܶ˵ģҶҲôע⻹ɩ˵һ䣬ɩʢҵˡ


414 ʼ

ϵЦݶ˶٣̾һ
֪գαصأ
ԼȽƳĻģԸԼȥƴɱԸ߰ݵ
Ԭ̾Ҳ̾һɩҸ˵ʵڶ֪ôԶɩÿθ˵껰ȥܾöԲȽ
һ㶣ô˵ģ
ȽɩĹϵֵͦǻһ˵ȽǶɩģԶɩŻҶȽȡ
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ˣ¶ˣǻȽȥկѼȥסһ𣿺ϿӣֱӾסˣʢҵǷֵĺܽ޽ԸһסǸլӣȥɩסԬϴյ϶ߣСĵ˵ɩ͵͵ϺöΣ޽ڴˡ
˵꣬Ƶ̾˿˵ֲʲôޣôһĶƵġ
û
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ҡͷ£֪
˵ţתԬϿԺڵĸ֣ʲôҾôںʡ
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·Ժſڣ˶Χ档
Ԭ˳ܹȥˣŹֵĹջϣɩǼθԺԵһ쿼ԡ
Цŵͷǰ
Ҷ֪֪ǽ죬һͰСˡԬ˿û֪ΣЦе
ҲЦϿϣҲžܾģǳԺȶԺҲʡڡ
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ԺſǿùѾʼ̽ͷҪ˼
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ԬЦŵͷ
գȥ๤ЩĲɣľǰƶƶϽѹصĲֹȻһͳȥǻᱻ˻ġ
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ŵ㣬ȥæŶŮûƽǹȥ
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ˡ
ϵͷ˿ϵѣЩŵٽôɣ
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߸ԬϴСҲˣһƨ¾ͿʼɩҡҡҲȥ񣬵ʱøθ
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ö˰һôȥͩƿ⿴
ԬҲ˳ƿĳ⿴Ԭϰһ࣬û¶׳ģһҼȥ
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УȻҲ˴ӦΡ
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θ˳ԼҶãٶһƣõܵܶڳڣ˲ЦݣԵͬС˵䣬첽˹
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ôˣθЦõͷ
ͩЦŻ˻ԴŰҲˣ߸缷ǰȥˡ
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ͩЦ߸粻ʶֶô죬ˣ
θҲЦˡ
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ţ˳ֺհŰˣ
Σհհүȥĩҵʱ֡
ҵ֣ϣġ
θЦЦȥ񡣡
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ͩ۾һͷ
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ˣˣˣ
Ҳˣһٶʮˡ
ˣˣҲñƲˡ
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˵ʹޣź볡˷߷߲ƽ˻ϲ񡭡
ȻһϤڰǰ𣬡ǲΣǲǣ


415 ү

סѧһģЩһͷײȥҪ𣬴ֵλʱȻǣΣԺԡף
ǡɶ˼һ𣿡
ףף׵ȻǵһѧӼź
ǾˣǵһЦɿѧӵ죬Ҫ꣬ȴѧһѾסôаףⲻܡ
ȻˣҴֶʶһƿѧӣһ±ӣ΢̧°ͣ¸㣬ԺԵİסø磡
ѧһ㶣æҾ񣬡ˡ
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ֻΪԼ˻þյĽԱһƣ׼ȥۿҪˣӦÿˡ
ɸ̤һͩĺţҸͷţҸүˡ


416 

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ͩͭЦҸүˣ߸ۿģǰɣ߸硣
ͷԣۿģİϣֱȱ˶󣡡
Ȼ֪ţһŮֶ˵ʮְûڣ֪ܵͷףװʲô򶨣һһȥĵضţſԼҶӵ֣
ããҶӺġ
ִЦ˼Ķӵļͷ
Ǽθѣϲۺھӻء
ŶŶϽģͣŹȥһæ
ЦƹģͣˣΧ˲ĽַھӣһֵھӲ඼ˡ
ѽɩǲϲǮˣ˼˵үҪ·ϲǮģɶӡͬ֡
𼱣׼ˡһֱٽѵõҲ˿ڡ
ԬȥϣЦŵͷ
Ԭϴ˴֣һָ̧˷һơ
µķҸɶ
ûɶ㣬۲ۣ
ۣ־Լû𣿡
ԬŶһҲе㲻ţǼҼθš

⣬Ѿź˽ŵţθȻһΧ۵ĽַھӶ԰״ү˲
ƣѹ˼ܿϰףƽôТ˳ˡ
ⰸүͦģ֪ûȢס
֪ɩӵõżСӼ޵ľʮկˣ״үףǿһһŮѡ
ĹЦһһȭл
ֱߵԺſڣЦϲϲݸθ˱ȭϲͳݸۣλˣȥȱллȽš
ֽӹһĨƮƮģֵĿյһۣ۱㿴ʮƱ£һۣϵЦԽˡ
գ̫үſλү칦հ¿ǰȥү
θЦŹѧһǰ
۸ȥһֱַھΧһ֣ϳСưæͭǮȺŽɢȥ
һ˻صԺӣѾ緹ʱ֣Ԭȥ˳Ĵܻ˵θˣأϲأǲģ
ͷԺſڣıһ·ӭģ˵ļٵģԬЦ۾ˡ
ЦֶӾгϢͷȥҿ˭˵ֻ֪Ժֵ竡үи׵ֶӣ
ԬϷ˸ۣ˵ĺӡ
һֶӰҶһģЦ
ԬҲЦһŮ
鲻ԬϣЦеȥߣĸ磬¶ǵúúףһȥһٺõģ
˵߻ͷԬϣļҾ¥ķã
ԬϿЦſ
ɣǾȥſҸϽȥλã˵ſҪǰԤȥ֪ûż䡭ȵȣſȽ𣿡ͷ󣬡ǰɣĸ硣
Цŵͷǣǽȥڼԡ
ͩչЦ壬ſƹһҸ翼а׵Ϣ׼һϵȵϯ˹һ˶ˣ͵ˡ
һ㶣ȥԬϣԬϺٺֱЦɵ˰ĳȥԣȥλã˶ˡ
ЦһվŵļθļͷߣϽȥԷȥȾƣ˰׾Ǵˣúÿ̰̿үľ
θһЦŴȤ壬ɷŹҰɣĶ֡


417 ھϯ

ֺǺǵĳ˷ڡ
磬һֱûˣַھǶŻٵϲпŮֵֻͣкۣϵЦݶˡ
һˣһƨϣס˹˺һͷҵЩ˿кסƽҲûǶ顭
Ժǿ顣ԬûĿ̫ʦαϣŤͷȥϣɩƼ˼үﶼ˰﹤ģҪҪҲȥæһǰ۵ĹǺȼθоôһҪġ
ϵɫԬϸѿԬϵĻ˵ͷ˵ûˡ
ٽ̽һ˸һˮɤӡ
ϳŮЦЦӹ豭һѹɤð̵ζ
Ұ콫ˮ꣬Ķ˱ӣȥ󣬡ĸ磬ʮկǱ߶𣿵ʱİϯ𣿡
ҡͷθ˼ǲھϯԼ˹ųһپˡ
ھϯüҡͷĳɣθҪֻҲͰˣ㲻ھϯҲȰǼθǰףһô˿ţֻǼθͷôܲھϯЩ֪˵ǲصˡ
⡭Щԥˡ
θЦ߽塢
ָָߵӣθү¶
壬˵
˵㲻ھϯΪɶ˵˵
θЩΪѵĿ󣬡
Ťɶ˵üȥģżˡ
̾һҲš
Ҳſģǰھϯɶ¶鲻ĿŸ
˵ûãθ̹˵壬ûС
ûйƨ¶ȵȣûУȻĿżθ
θͷ
Ԭ࣬ԹԣӹţȻûУүӲˣ
϶һۣЦԶӲŶµĲھϯˣõʱլ
鲻ŵ󣬡ûУϴǾҫ˵һе𣿡
̾˿Ҳ֪ô£ûС
ҰҰ죬ϴƵˣҳǰʱһֱģǲΪţܷүˣеһֱŵ̫үϷأºˣһֱİͷ۵ĲûУһֱõļθ˵һ
ͷЦ϶ڵıȹ׻ڣ
󣬡
ñүһҪˡ
ĸ磬һǾϯðڡȻϴΪԺ޼ɵô죿θΰھϯͷףҪѹһѹ󷿵棬үӿǼһгϢҪֻд󷿣
һ㶣ҲҪʮկθθԺͲСˣõİү̫үҲֵˣĸ磬˵ǲ
Ȼͷ
аĸ㿴۵һֱθǸӣھϯиθүӸǰ˼ԣϯǰڲɡ
죬ԼܵƽŲףﻹǸгģ˵Щ˵Ŀ
̧ȥӣθ΢ӣҲЩ˼
ԬԼ˴һƪƲƲ죬ɣĲθ᲻Ҫ˵̣
۰Ͱ͵Ŀ󣬡ĸ磡ֻҪһ仰ھϯҸθˣ
Ԭͷǳˡ
ӣԬϵôںھϯܻӣӰڸϯƾʲôһһļҶأŬô꣬һٳ˰ףҪ˼լЩ˵Ҵŵġ
ίĻš
ǷίˣôöӸί

ЩϣĿ
һ̧ͷһۿӵ̾˼γ뿴ίֻǵǡ
ˣҪɣʲôֻҪǴģѹǡ
ӿ˰ףһԺֻһףǻˮʷĹҫĴϲ¶
ΪʲôҪίİ׶ӣǨѹͲϲǣԶҲϲǵˣ
ãڣ¶˾ġ
һӣӴһĸ磬˵̫ζˣ
еĴʯͷɲ٣Ц壬һȥϴ˵һǸʲô˼ҪԸ⣬ϯͰլҪǲԸ⣬ȥҶ磬˵һǽԺſһƬ񣬸˰ڼϯ
ϣҰðɣЦתҪߣֻͷ󣬡ĸ磬أ˭
İ֣˭ңһȥ˷ݣʦǽȰҪõĸɻϳһһȥʮկǰһʮķݵˮϯҶӵϲƣǮҪ㣡
ĸ磬Ĵָ˱ȡ
۵Ц⣬ʮķʦԼľˮȥ
ɣˣٺЦĸ磬һȥ˰ŻҪ̨ɶģҽͲˣһ絽ͷǡ
ͷˡ
ЦΣҲĸԸθһо٣һھϯǰҹˮϯʶʶģ˭³һ硭
л塣θЦŹ
һĹȥСӣԼˣôȥĿɾ͸ˡ
ãǲ⣬һо٣ˮϯθЦ
ŸˣСӣ
飬θЩǸĿϣΪˡ
˵ʲôܹҫ棬ءүԺ㾴žˡ


418 ͷ

ӲԸڶǰ˵ԼĲǣȴҲӡ
ңţТ˳¶ֲӣүҲ
θ˵ͷ֪ô
ԬϼûʲôˣϸǣȥŶȥθ׳ӡ
ЦȥȥɣﺢӶһѵüϼ棬ᵽʱҲתת
㡣Ԭϰڰ֣żˣĺˡ
Ҳ̧ͷȻҪھϯݶҪ֪ͨŲʧ
ͷһȥݳĻƣȥ֪ͨˣ׼ˡ
һկǱߣҪҪȥ֪һ
֪϶ҪģϾȽѼңֻǲ֪ǻ᲻
԰ɡ
һۣ̾һ
Ҵӷݳȥһˡ
ϵͷ
ΪȽ£ֵĺܽһȻҲŮĴš
˲֪ȴ֪ģΪȽİϴҸ˳ȥġ
ˣļңүүҲҪһ¡
Ӧˣһװ˳ȥȰźʮķݵ£ͣȥļˣһȥصĻظ󣬸Ͻ׼ȥկһɫˣֱȥկ
ү˵θͷ永ףˬʴЦúúãȻǸСӣһθء
ųһ

ʮķݵĵͨһһ컹ûһŵѵڷſڣʽĹưװ׼õʳװһþƺò˸װ˼ɫ磬»Χۡ
˴磬ҲǾȵҪʲôȥƹЦ԰һأҼƹүͷףʮķЪҵһգȥʮկүء
ЩϲԹľ͸˵ռİү
ȶװϳѾǰףƹߺһ˷׷ƺƵſߡ
˿Ƶһ·ΧۣһŽİү
˵ʮķݵĴƹҵĴү˽İף
ףһǸʮķݳ
ɲǣľˣۺ졭
˵գԺѧʲôΣհġ
𣿿껹ղѧҪȥʦ
뷨˽һˣɿ˵ˣ겻ѧˡ
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ꣿѾŵȥˣ
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һȺ˷ӵţ·ϲСײˣæǸԲס
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硣
ָ߬ЩףȻתõķȥ
ôأ
ǳУͬռһլӵˣˡ
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š
һܵãڹ㳡ϵĸʾŵĴ񵥣һεʱŵ
磡
⵽ôһ£
Щ̸۵ĿòҲûҪȥʮկأǲ˵
ռլ˶û
һԼµͷסˡ
ðιȥŻҡҡͷ첽ʱ·ȥȵСĳСԺſڣһƿԺţһһͷԼݡ
ٶȻһõȹߣߵԺſڣһȽסպģĲأһĴôɧȥĸˣŲȣ㡭
ͷףһʮկϲȥ
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Ļȥһۣȷһ£˿̱ܹѸ֣˵˳ȥĿܹѸҪң
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Ҹ磬磡Σ˽ԺԵͷףʮկھϯأպüЦ˵̫үſҲ˾ϯȥ硣
ôܣܹѸҡͷû˵θܿš
պתߣŲǡ
վס˭ȥˣҲҵĻҽҶ㣡ܹѸ׷ȥסպġ
պĳһЦԣ᲻ã
˵ǰܣ֪ͷ׺ǰͽỹΪ˹ʱܲμӿƾ٣ԭȵͬнԶȥμһЩ֮ĽŶ롣
ܹѸҭĵһۣɤŽĽҪʮկ
Ҫȥȥʹȣڣ˱ѵı
ܹѸû˵Ļ㱻ԼĿˮǺƼպϵıģ˶ţǼθ˽ԺԵͷףĽǻȥء
ʲô˾һŵż˷ţԺſڵպģģͷף
ôֻţͲ翼ͷףպķ̵
һ㶣պ̬ȣƶͷףͷװ
Ҳֻǿ˸ϵΣͬͺǳޡ̾ͷ׵߶ȻΧ˸ſȻʦ
˼ת̾ӯЦݣĽһϴܿģͷôϲ£ôֻһ˻ȥأĽЩӣһ˳·Щ񡭡
ӡһҪӣܹѸЩˡ
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תͷȥѣŴ󿪣븾˵ִͺӵĿ
պ΢΢ۣ⡣


419 

ӱ䵹ĶޣŹǷסӣƿιˣպĵаˣ
Ժ̡ŤͷһۣûûСġ
Цһʲô̡
ͽУᣬҹ
üŵĹһûɣҸ˶ӣȻΪһµĸҪߣаߣҲҪߣҶӾ
ݺݵɹȥһۣһΪ檸еķʶûС
һӣ̸ʣѵҪӣб¸Ѿߣ㿴ûзʣ
һôģ˼ɫ˾ˣ󲽳˷䡣
δصķſվԺſڱܹѸŲߵպģЦһģ߳ȥ˵ﶼţҵѹңҲҶӴӦӦǰɣҵĶ
ĶŪݵĶӣպĵƨɣպĶģһ
˼˸ˣͷףԺϴĻ˭
ŷôΪպģ䲻һըף˾͸ϽҴӰ
仹ûӦеĺѾܹѸֶˡ
䰵䣬ֻøϽ

պһ·ߣȫ
׷һסŲպͷҲأͷ󲽹ȥһץסĸ첲ʲôƢƢʱϲʲôǸϽȥˣȥſţ
ţ㵽ˣ˶߹ˡպ
һҭ˵еӣǾʱţʡŵ㣬պϹá
պƳһӣüһЦȴӦϲӵзȣȥɡ
зȣ
зȣ
üͷպģպȴպÿ̧з
ģɻ
պ䵭ĿһۣŲš
㡭ãţȥ򡣡Լһ׸պģô죿
ȻֻܵͷͷӦ
պһҼǮȥ
һһݸһֱӽϵǵңзǾߡ
պĽӵ˵࣬˵˸ãתͷͳȥ
Զˣ°ܡ
ɴϵģзڻŴǯӴǷأзȣ
ۿ̫ˣЩżʲôʱ
зôҲðʱֻдʦʦûϹأ
ҪȴʦǴʦʲôʱϹ
̯̯֣СľͲ֪ˡ
Ż̯֣ҧҧĦ˸ȥɨۣĵĿһۣʦʱϹڻмӣȲȰ
Ҫȥ˫ʱ䣿Ķš
Ʒ˸ۣĴָߣ͹ȥˮϣзֻУĵر˵зǶδҵĵ
ҧҧҵȣͷȥһǼҴʦǸȥҴ˸أո˽ԺԵͷףҵʱ
ͷףǲռС𣿡ƺ
ͷСʶҼҴ˸磿
ʶҴ˸磬ʶ㡣ƿҡҡͷͷҡһ룬ͻȻˣǲǸܼҵŮŶԣڱܼˣǰɣ֪˰Źţ
Щ㶣Ӧһ㻰ôôࣿƹĹϽʦ
ϣţ˵ҲպϵˣǰЩ¶ˮϰӵ˶֪ʲôүƲмƲƲ죬´ģȥͽհףҲվӣ
ô˵أϱհ׵׵á
ޣʲô׵ãǸ˼ҵ׵һһˬϱʲôаӵ˶֪׵ã˵
ƲƲ죬̧һѣߣ˵ö֮Ӳ⣬ϽĹ
㣡ĶͷֱȴŭӲ㲻ϲûϵҲ㳳ܵģзȵģƹĳҪⵥ⣬ǲ
ƹĲڣ˵㡣ţûûƤʲôϽӿ⡣
ʲôֻǸƣƾʲôߣ
ƾӿ㲻˳ۣ
ƼƤƶߣϽţһ˹ȥƶĹүүǰװүޣ
˵ţһĽŽ˳ȥ
Ǳĵ·ߣƵıӰ㡢ҵӣ͸Ұ¶
˭Ӿͻ¶ģ׼뿪Ļһ⻰ֺˣתһŲؿڣҾͲ¶ˣȥҰү
סĽţ㡢㡭Ҵ˸ǰס
˼öҪˣϡܵ÷򣿡зϵĸ첲һЦֶдãʹϵ˱˹
㡭
˵ΪôŬд̫ʱ֣ʱһ޷ʡ
ƾٿۿʲôʱ䶼ܳӴݸ壬дһҪѴʱдҪּ֤ɾÿһСŻ湦ģôˣ
պǸˣ
ҪԼôд֡
ˣ
ҪЩۿ˵͵ģˣٿš˵˴٣ǰؿͷģ
㡢ҵţ
зûʲôϣˣºݻӵǱӣԶĹƷӣйӣվ·ߵպġ
ҵȣȥһһǲպ


420 

дġ
뵽ٳʱպǹ飬һʳֱպǰȥǸеķ˹ȥ
˳УȼˣպĵӰӡ
ʳеĻƣƿ˿ǸˣǱߵġ
˳ȥһˡ
·ȥӵģ
ȥӵ·ӱ۵һ·
ˣڲƭ
޵ɽʹ˻ȥֲġ
ȢպģռҵŮγ˰үҲ˾Ĵӣɵ˲Ŀôһô֪ã
ԣʮկһȥģ
ǸˣȻͷٸˣ
޺䣬ת˳УֳǮһǻؿۣλӣλʲôϵꡭ
ϱ˻һۣ治Ͻϳ߰Ҹʱ䡣
ӣ⳵ֻҪ복ҪǮġƺƢЦЦϵĿȴЩ졣
ϣӣô
Ǵ⹫˵
һؿڣӣ
Ӷһģ۾롣
ģǮţнʣһӣŶģһ˵Ҵ˽İףҸŻȥء
ϣô˵λǰүġ㣿۾һ̬ˡ
бһۣǰүã
ʵûһ㶣ЩΣղŻΪ⹫λСأ˭֪
ǽԺ԰׵ð
Ҳ֪ʲôϳ
ҡҡͷ̾Ϣһ
еӵݸֻȥһˣϱҵͣͲǵˣһǲ
ƿݹĸӣƲƲ죬ǿˣڰүϣһЩպóʱ򣬼ǵù⡣
ȻˣڻָһЩ˵ķȣЦųƵ˵ͷ˳
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Цŵлõϲ˲䣬ȥӣе࣬һͭǮٸС
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Щ˻˵ʲô
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ϡһƨڳԯϣһ˦ǰȥһ䵽ռҶĴſڡ
վſкˣЦݵģеۡ
Ӹ߸˦׼ͻȻըװ˸߿ү
һЩһͷȥ
ռҶ⣬˵߶˹
ǱĵһۣҺʲô˭Һģ
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ۼæ˸Цϵܺ˰˰֣ˣʲô¶ȥɡ
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˱ݵģŵһ£͵ܷ͡ˣߣߡ
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һＸ깴˹ܺУ̧ߡ
æܺл󣬡ʲô
ɶ뿴үǰү͵ʲô񣿡һЦ
һڶ䣬б㲻ôСǿһ۰ɣ
Ŀ˿飬ĿͲм
˲һ϶պǰ˵ˣȻûȥ˵ô¶ô顣
ɶأ尡ȿڵ깴ļͷ˵Сɵװɵ֪֪ռ巿Ǳ˭Էأ
⻰ʲô˼巿Ǹķһ˸𣿡
Ǹķһ˸ɳǮǿˣ֪˭Ĵƺݺļͷ۵죬ȴû
˭
ռѾͷ㶼֪㻹ϲơ
Цǳ
õĿżˣĲ֪
Բպ˵ʲôռķ巿ƫľȵˣԣʲôﶼǴģǡЦ
ҡҡͷ˵ʲôѴ߹۵ʲôռҲӭ㣬Ͻ·Ӱ˽


421 Ƥʲô

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СƲƲ죬˰ɣϴǵУ˵ǿϰףиŻ̇NɪĲˣŲţ
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ǲԵģӦý㣬Ƕ㣡ָͷ
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㲻㣬ҪֵܵŮϡͷ룬ȷƵĵͷլеý㡣
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֪ҼҲɺˣϲˣ˵ҪĹŮҪˡ˵ľ졣
ƭģ㶼ˣôܲҪ㣿̴Ҹ㰡´ô˵ʱ͸ҪͰͶ̥ȥﱣ׼캰صҪ㡭

˵Сܴܵôеɵ
˶ˣզأ
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ӴүһҽԺʱԺŵȳԷĴ񶼿˹
лģЦǰүӣϲϲǼҼθǸ㳤ǽˮҲѵóһͷװǼȪ֪֪˳ʲô
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424 Զƶ

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ɲǣ¶ϽƪҦҪӲϹģҾͶ񺮡Ԭӣһ񺮵ģ
̫̫Ц̫̫˿ˬ죬ѵá
Ԭϱ䣬Ц˾ǼöҺõ˱۸ɩҺá
λҪлãҪ㣬̫̫Ҳôưոݣ泳󶯾ǡ
˳С˼θĺ˵ǹؼ
ԬϲĻӻ֣ٸ¶ʲô˵Լȥɾ䡣
Ѿ߽̫̫ԬȻȥкˣϹһϵĺף΢ȥһЩٽȥ
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һӺϵĺȥ룬֬ڸһ£̫̫˵ЦȵĽҡ
ԬϿȥĺףЦЦ
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425 Ҫ

ûãǷ׷׸ǣԬһ·ŮͳţȽȫߣСʱˡ
Ժͷˮϯڳţνˮϯӷǣϲˣ˳Աһٲһһֱϡ
һ·кȥصԺſڵʱһԺúȺá

Ȼصݣȴθֵʵĸ磬θզˣ
̺Сô죬ĵүӡ
үɫεЦЦ⡢ӡʲôú˵ôܶأ㡢û°ɣ
ˣȻطЪʣµʰɡϿûүһ̧ۣųݣȥԭסʱճķ䡣
үĿ۾ֱȥϣöϱԼӣüͷ˵ˡ
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һġ
Ķӣתȥϴķ䰲οϡ

үӣûϣתǵҡ
ڴǰͷʲôԶĵϣպġ
ɫ˲һ䣬˭ģȥ
Ҳպ̧ͷ죬˫ᣬί㿴ӣ߳ȥ˼ҶҴҲʮ尡ѵҪǸôһһģһģ
ŮԲɣĲͬ˵ͷ
ҸôȰ㶼ͷ񡭡ȡ
֪֪ԼȡҴδֹڴ󳹴ˣˣңҸǸĹȥˣҵ˿ΪӣԺ˺ӵˣȢһ檣˸ӣҵѾһʹҹȥˣĹȥˡٹȥһģĻģȾҡ
ʲôۣ̾Ϣһ
պ̧Ĩһ۽ǵᣬϥеǰҪ룡Ҫ뿪ңҪؼԺ󶼲ˣҺú÷òã
죬û˵ڴߵѾ̧ͷĿá
÷ȥ
ɨһۣպϣպģ߰ɡ޳ȥŮóȥˮҲӦٻҵġ
պĲŵĵϡ
ȴѲͷеľȻ
պĿеľȻֻŭĳȥ˺飬ȴҲ֪ڲЩµʱ
ͷѹеķŭӯˮ̧ͷĿֻܰˣҪǲңŮֻȥˡ
̾һȥϣ÷
ӦǼ̺롣ͷҲ̧
һû뵽˾
÷Ϊʲô㿴ĽڵģĹĺܲá
̧ͷҩĵǽӻǼ̺롣
죬˵
ΪʲôΪʲôԭȲҵ𣿡պϥйȥ뱧סϵȣĿڰ׷䵭ķ·ûһ˿¶ȡ
պȥôҲϵ˫ˡ
۵ӹԹɫ̧סΪʲôѽҪıŮۿŮŮˣŮ㲻ŮŮĻġ
ϵü۶ûе벻ľȻĻ
Щȥˣֶеӣ廨Ĵָһ˿Ѫ˲ӿ˳
æӣȥϵ֣Ͻֵݵպǰ㲻ΪʲôΪʲô
պҡͷҲ
ϿŮ۵׵ЦЦĽܴ㵱ȻȻѪծѪ
ĲԸһ·𣿡պҧҧĨȥϵۡ
ϲĽѪĨȥ
÷ѾˡĿѾմѪ۵ϼš
պıһЦǽվٿϣһһߣٳſʱҧȥҾ͵Ǹ޸ĸһеĹ¶
˱ۣȴʲôû˵
ƽĵͷľȻѪȾĲֱһСϸȥһľȻ
̾һת˷䡣
պĿ첽ߵԺ⣬θкˣЦһ硣
θһͷɫ΢΢һ䣬ߵļ˵˵ͷת߹
Ľ
պĿżθ첽ԼθһЦ磬Ҫˣܰһæ𣿡


426 ˺

θ΢üʲôæ
ҵһȥɣҲţȥպЦŵ
θһ㶣ô򵥡
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θܾպЦЩ죬ȴƽӴͲ࣬Ҳûȥ룬˵ͷȻԣȥ
䣬ǡߵθ˵󼸸֣ȥ
ţʱյɺϲ
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ѺӸĽûŲӰ㷢ˣϽģӡ
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ܹѸЩԥĿպһۡ
պЦģԺˣ⺢Ժҵӣٵġ
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ֻĸħˡ
ѵպѾȻЦ۵ȴ
ǸĸףΣУôԼĺӽΣյһŮˣѺӽպĵģ

պһЦ˺


427 ģ

룡
˭ҲѺӴ߶ߣ
䱧ӣܳ˳عš
պίĿ硭
üĽ𼱣ֻһʱ벻ҺúȰȰ
պļþգӦ
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ԹܹѸһƣʶͺһ䣬Сˣʰˡ
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ܹѸ˲ѹæպ㲻ǣĽﲻ˵㣬ͣڽк䡭
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ҵĵͷ
Ҫ֪ĸʲôǻ

صݣ䱧ŶڴĨᣬͷ߹ȥˣ¶ǰѺӸֵƵ𣿡
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ؿڣ۵Ťˣ̣֪ˣ㣬Ҫҵĺӡ
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Ų˵˵ĶŲˣ۾ͨ죬ˣǹģ
ӻأǾȻȻ
ˣˣ


428 û

ǧò棿պЦǰǧ
Ŵ۾ͷá
պͷֵպĵ˼һ㱣һ˫ŮûܻܻͷһЦݸһϲ
պĽС˶§ڻУҡŻţеķ⺢ӡ⺢ģжã
жã
Ľ§뻳Уģ˿˷Ƶֽҵš
һĺӰˣɿ֣űʹȥĺЦЦ
ܹѸӳźǧϣƲƲ죬˯˾ͷȥһֱţҲۡ
պüЦЦ˯ţҶ౧һһط;ѡ
ܹѸĿһۣ˵ĵô¶
Թ˯պıӣ˲亢۵Сݣհѷŵϣʹ
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պľϲĿĸԽԽϲˡ
ֽ§뻳Уȴɫףһ˫ˮȴҿ޳

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ǰպİպĵҲ͸żãȻڣӿպĵ͸η壬պ˵ʲôʲô
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ܹѸõϢϻؼʱͿ䱧Ŷӹǧ£һ̲ʺѪպģ֪١


429 ж

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˫ֱԴαϣһŰɣʮկǱҲɾ裬ЩǲƺĲˣöˡ
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պľȵţԼ۾ľĸôľĸأ
ľ뵽ǰҼϴż˵ǻͶˣʱδ״˿
Ǳȥ¥ľ˾ģﻹʲôˣ
˵ϴһʼƭľ˾ˣƭңƭ
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սеţ͵վ½㣬ȥţҪ̳ȥһˡ
Ȼȴ˵ͷתȥ鷿
ľڻͼһ߻һ˵ţҪȥһˣѰˡ
̽ľȱµ΢üЩ졣
ľĸϣ뼸λܱá˼жļȴ֪٣һ˹ⰲҵģҪôǼ˵ģҪô
̧ͷţһһǼҵġ


430 ҹ

Ƥһӵ˼ǣ
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433 

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վڰ̫ߵ̾һ
ˣ
̫˭ҧ˭ŭ塣
ЦЦͳһСӵݹȥƣһ۽Ƕ˼ϸˣûٹ
̫һ㶡
ֳûǰƣ̫žӿ˹ȥһԼüģһæ̧࣬ϸˣֻһ
һΪ׷˵¶ŭūѹˣղûסԼǺΣơŭƤҲơŭģȥԺǡ
һһ졭
ֵͷ
̫ڰ֣֪ɾƢʮˣ˵ľ͸ĵģ
ʵѾĺܺˣﻹǵ̸λ̫ȻʱǺһŮˣڡЦŷ̫£һǰūƼԼֶŮ԰ͻģʮˣ˵ʮţǱʮ꣬ٿ⼸ʮһձƤ߳ȥ˵ʮš
𣿡׷Լ
Цŵͷⶼƽŭٱƽܻͣôᡣ
׷˳һ޺ϣֵ֣˵ĶԣŮҪᣬͲŭױ꣬ŭٱƽ͡
ūĥһƿƷۣҪҪһ½ЩϸƸĥ
ҪҪ̫æ
ЦŹӦˣȥ˶ϸ÷۶Ұˣȸ̫̫࣬ıۣ˵˵ⶼ꣬Ѿͷŵ갧ҳ£⳰ңʵܲסš
ûп˵
Ҳ֣ôôɲյŮǳ˵ҪҪȥһ飿
ֵĶ΢΢һ٣Цūǰ˵һ䣬˵żȻ˲ܷ˵ֶŮΪĸݣܷ˲Ŵ˳һ֮أû뵽ǸдµˣС㣬˻ʺ
Ůˣ˲źãһģʲôö̫һۣ
ЦЦūɲô˵
̫ҲЦˣ˵Ǹºйˣ
룬ҡҡͷūû˵ϢĽء
ʲôãĸûм𸮲ȥˣ͵ʦʵ۲֪˶ٰ׮֪㶫̫򵥲ˡ̫˵ţͻȻ̾ϵʦâҫһˣ߹°һˣ񡭡ȴҪŻʵ۵ɫġÿÿ
СѵĻһ
̫ƳһۣģʵۻڰҵĹﰲߣֻǾðЩŮȻŻҪŸʲô˵ǲ
⻰ūôͬЦŵҲ˵ϵʦ߹°һ߹°ȴίȫΪʲôȻΪļƽĻţûпżƽ˵ˣϵʦԼء
̫㶣ʧЦǰħˡô˵ٴйƣﲻѹ
ӹһĨȴ¶ֻЦŵͷϵʦҲΪ˸ĸ֮ˣȻŮοСС͵ϵʦ谮
̫󳤳̾һǰǾͷ۵ľ£Һ󹬻µϵʦΪ¡ʦҲ䵽ز
Щ̫˵Ļ⣬ôе㲻֪ôȥĸо
ɴ಻ˣ⣬Կʼˣ۾СŪ۾
̫һۣͳƺҪ˵ʲôֿ죬һӷۻϵҺͿĨ̫°ϣ̫̱͡
δ֮ǰǧҪ۾Ҫ˵ֶ
̫ǻ﷢΢һ֡
̫ȫͿĨһ飬Ű׺һƲƲ죬ϴ֣СūĦ£˯һ
̫˯˹ȥ˯Լ߿оҺ󹬵ĹŮ̫ࣿ
̫룬ҡͷɱˡ
˵꣬ԥһ£һڷźġ
˭
֪


440 Ǳģһ

ľŶдõŵݸİ£½㣬һֻõŸ룬ȥϽС㴦
΢㶣ɻΪβѰӣסģȥϽǧأŸ;䣬ͲСУʱ񲻵¡
ľȥֶһջأ⼸տ
¿ľȣ⼸ÿնڻ
ļ̌žߡ
΢̾һ첽ȥ
ƳնһˮڹɽԵĸ߼ϣ̧ͷľȿ첽΢һ
ɽϲ̧
ɽһŷǳҪܲܽĺһãľͷŹɽ
ɽüһЦֵ̧ţɵѾͷ㻹ǵֻ࣬һΪ㲻Ҫأ
˵գ΢һֽ뻳Уģ࣬С㲻µġ
ľȱǼһᣬ̧ȦסͷĻУɽҲ뵱¶
լңҡ
ɹ¼ҹˣ
ƫ
֮ң䣬ǰҶЩ˻Ź
ƾʲôҪ
ңƫ
ľ߬Źɽǰ½󣬽ƺסԼͷ˫ͨĿŹɽҵյģǲǣ
ɽ۵ͷͷǣ˭ңģһĻ֣ʬΣޣ
ľΪЦ
ʬôУȥιźá
üЦ⣬ɽĵһɣ½§뻳Уͷãģ

պ
С㣬ϢˡƴҴÿ鷿߬ŵһСͲݹȥ
ľ۾һһȡСͲֽ򿪣ֽϵݣһϲٳ׳
С㣬ôˣһǵľȡ
ľȽֽݸ˱ۣҵˣδѰҩ
һҶСζʲôǴҶһӵ˶ڵžûнҩǡ
С㡭
ȥһ£Ž˽ӻͣ٣ǡ͵͵һ˽ˮŴңȳʱٸǡ
С㣡Ƶɫ˲ˣʱôߣָջعʢĵۻ
ƽ㣬ö˵ȥɡľת£ۡ
ƻ˵ʲôľȵģüͷݺݵһԭվһת鷿
գתأˣ˸һ泵ӡ
ӣ۾ʱͺˡ
˼һѱסСģؿ
С㶵ı˱ţ˫ֵĵɵĴġ
ιǰСӣӰθ歵仹о壬ԱСĺࡣ
ˣȦҲˣ磬㣬
歵Ŀһ٣ҡҡͷ
ι˲ǹ𳰷ЦҾ֪Ƕ߿϶ǳʲô£϶ǡ磬أҵأүǣ󲮴ĸأ
ޡƳ񣬱λȥϢ
ޡƳӦһСȴľ歵½ǣ۵һᣬ̧ͷľһۣ˵ȥ˯һ
˵ͷĿͼ˳ȥ
ָ˸λι£Ȼ󽫼﷢ϸ˵ˣȻҲû©ϵʬ屻¡
ιҧŴûԼȴһֱûͣôôɵҪԺôʹ㣬ǡôԵڣ
ͷ
ľ̾һļͷֻһĸס
֪ǡιҡҡͷҵôãү̣󲮴Ƕôãôôµȥ֣ΪʲôҪô
ι˵һ룬ͻȻסæӻͳһɰݸ磬ǡҵģ˵Ҽȱʱøǡ
ľȶһۣӹɰȥĿſտƾɵĺɰ⡣
ľȽӹɰ۾΢΢һȥ˰Ѽɰˣ澹Ȼһš
ιɴ۾ѹ˵Ҫغãԭɰ쿴ﶼдʲô
š
ľȵͷóŴ򿪣һĿȥ۾ʱ΢΢һϵݿ꣬Ѿû¶ȡ
Ƚнҩ£
ľȽŵݸԭľĸҵļӣĸֵܵҪЮԣŻôɵĳһؽˮ·ϣŻôɵıľ˾˾ˣ޸ľ˾ˣļҵһһ
ˮקǸҵˣӽͷǸ˾ľĸӲ׵ˣٲ鲻˵ټ
ľȱ˱ۣѹֲסĵ׿ʼ𽥷ӵĺ⣡
լĽӦжֽţǰЩǶ˵ģ
ˣ
ĺ޲ȥ̫̫үӣϡٷ򸾣ϡӹТ½ȴŬŵ壬ó˵׵壬һȺŴСëýõǡ
ˣ
Сʱ죬ְֽүԸֱˬذѣĴĸ˾ˣͺЦľ˾ˡ
ˣ
ֻ歱շǲŶȥϴʲô׺ڱĩҵ룬ȴΪϵʱ̫ãʱѹأϹһޣ˭֪ջصҾ͡
ǻȻϦսھС¶ͷǣҽȴδﶦ壬԰һû˵
ǧӾϻأƴȫȻҲδƳĽҩ
ԣǰЩ˶ǱϺģ
Ǳģ
Сܿϵľȱ˫ֽճȭ߬Ľģָ׼ģǼĴʹ֫ٺȻֹԭһĺ⣡


441 ģ

ֽڣȻԭ£
ԭµģӣ飡
ǰļˣ¿꣬һӻʹ֮УЩļˣٶȳΪ¹֮˵Ůˣ
˵ģŮˣֱûģ
飡
ŵ־ҲȻȫģ
Ϊʲôҡʮ꣬Ϊʲôδ˵һ䣡
ι鿴ϵݣͨһڵϣ޵ʣ磬㣬ԲҸǿͷ
ԴײϷһһ
˭ûп۾
ˡ棬
ľת߳ȥƲ뿴˭һ㡣
ιͷĶһ٣ỽһ硭
ĿĵĴվǣǣǣ޹أ෴ｫǴߣҲΪһѪɣȥã𡢱Ǻˡ
˵Щ˳ȥ
ιڵϣһȥãصĿΪʲôôɵʲôһ˲һģΪʲôҪôΪʲô
ȺԼĸ¶Լļˣĸɼ³
ףܺǶʹ㣬ȱ㡭
ֻһˣԲù˼κ˵Ŀ⣬еĺ¡ί־塢ζĿ޳ʹʹĿ޳
⣬ľۣ汯ǺĿĿɬ磬ҡҲ뿴
֪ԼǨŭ뵽ǰЩ£ԭϣ
һۣһ޹ˣʹסСԺԺǳǰ
ľۿˮ⣬
һЦ
ľȵứһȫˣûʸ˵仰˾ˣΪңռҲЩһҲа֮ΪңǶǽ֮ھھԺ󶨶ǰƽϣһھ֡
˵ھ֣ľͻȻǰľ˾Īڻڻ;б͵ϮˣЩѵصɽˣ˵ѹͲɽˣȥˣ
ľȵ͵Ĵ˸
ˣ
߬ȭͷ޲ʱץǰɱǧ顣
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ɫȻףָ׼֪뵽ʲôӶ΢΢˺Լæתƻ⣬ע
˵⻰ãһ˵⻰ľȵӶĸˡ
Ƚ
ľȵӾһЩãȻĿ磬˴ң˵ˣһʼ֪ҵݣȥҵһһҼҲйأӽˮӾȥϽеĴɱķݡ

ҲûһǳҴ˻ǺҾˮˣƾʲôһٶĶɱֻ֣Ϊҵѡûѡ𣿺ǺǡˣԼĶŮɹһüֵǴĸûüֵͶһԣһָͷȲϣľȵͺ
ɫ䣬æĴ˿Ժﲢ춯ʱһ
ȽȻѾ֪Ļףڹؼҽҩʱ䲻ˣӾˮҪһ£ڲǼƽЩʱ򡭡
ۼľܲԾĵĲУٴת˻⣬תע
ľȿϵĵǣһ˳ȥ԰һЦģҲµġ˵ĶԣĿǰҪҽҩȻԸµģ鶨Ȼ֪ҩȥýҩ
Ƚ
ļ̌žߣһץסڲµʱ侲Щڲûкôһƹˤˮһգ
ҪȥҲҪȵȥҪڰƫҪקʲôںںڵ˵ݵλɣµЩ£ǵʦ֪ҲݲȽǴ˿ֻȡӲƴáҪͶòɿڽҩøǣ
ľȿĵ˵ͷ

ҹľȴŴƵķ䣬һƿˣ˲Ҫߺŷӹȥס˯Ѩ
鶯˶죬ˣľȱ¹һЦȰ㣬ǲҪµĺã˶֪Щ¡
ɫ΢䣬ӵűӣֻ峤ˣ˭ʲô


442 ɱ㲻й

ȷ֪˭
ŮԶŵľȻ˳ߵĿ֮أ¹䵭ȴ鿴վԼǰŮ˭
ͫ͵һ֪뵽ʲôȻ㿪ľȵֱӣǿһҹΪ£
Ϊĸҵ⣬ԭ֪𣿡ľһЦǹ𳰷
ȻתͷڿľȴǵĳʱĿһִԽʱصǲһĸϽ
ѵĹģվǰз·ûƵģǹżֳЦ飬һȵҵ£
һȲ£
Ϊһճݣϸ߲ʵ£ԼΪԾ͸˿
ƾʲô
Ҳǵʦ֮ŮǳŮ
ô˵ģ
Σ
ΣǺǡ
˫߬ŽĿмغϵƳȣһЦ˭ĸҪݣҿǵʦĳŮĴˣûһŮ
ô˵ֻһ£ˮңҩľǰһ˲ɭķ籩ֱţѹĿһϣ
ҧҧҲ֪˵ʲô뿪
Ȼ˲ϣٲȥҸһ˵СĹϵֵЩСҲϣȥٴĺ󡭡
ľȣң
ľҪӣɫ˲ͱˡ
ŮԲܣҪóȥˮɶӲһ°뱲ӰĸûŮȴû˶ӣ
ľüµģµľͺð졣ʱ䲻࣬鿿л˵ңĽҩĶ
ľһЦôңԼʲôԼòҩ˵һãӸȥүһᡭ
ƺţľȳһЦȻֿ磬һץסǲһ첲Ѿˡ
۵ɫˢףͷǶĺ飬һһµΣȴһûȴǲ֪ʱѱľȵѨ
ľȴ˴Լ֣Цôܺú˵һ˵ĽҩĶ𣿡
鱧Ÿ첲۵ǻľȵ˼˿ֺ־壬죬ͷ
Ǵˣ㿴ҵˣͼ㣬ףҾܽ㡣ľЦЦ
ͫСȵľȣĽģͷ
ľȸȥϵ£ˣңҩĶ
ס۵ĿƲסĵ޺޵ĵЦľȣбɱң۸һ书ˣʲô£
ɱ㣿ľȺʲôЦЦҡҡͷɱ㲻йߣ
鲻ŵĵʲô
ԺʲôҲ֪Ҫǲ˵ҩģܣŲţľ֣Լϸ˳ָǰ˻Ρ
ĺһϣס۵ĵĸ첲ҧҲ֪Ĳ֪ҩǱ˸ҵġ
ʲôˣʲôģľɫ΢䡣
ҡͷ֪ĸߴһֱ棬ܴ֣ÿζҡ
ڷңľȵ˵
ҧŴ˵ĶʵĲ֪˳ʲôӣҲ֪ģһ˸ûǾͱˡ
˵ÿζ㣿ô֪ʲôʱ򷽱ƽʱôϵģľȴĻʵ
һ㶣ӹһĨպޣľһۡ
ľü˵
ڽдׯ԰ÿҶȥׯ԰˵⣬̲סۿľȣ񲻸ãû֪ʵݣǻϳ谮ĳ
ľƳһۣȥׯ԰ֻʱ䣬òҩӻΪΪۣΪٵݵλ̶ữΪС
ͲҽҴݣ鱧Ÿ첲ɭЦʢĵۻɱģ
ľȳһЦʢĵɱңɱ㡭Ķӣ
Цݣ
ֳ
ЦңȻּ񣬵ͺҲЦң
ľر飬Ŀһۣ˿ʲŵĻˣѡӸĸٻѡ
ȥЦĿΪһǺ£ǳΪȵ׸ҰͲÿԺݱ¶ʢĵ׷ɱ
Щġ
ĿĴﵽľתߣĿһۣľˡ
鱧Ÿ첲ڴϣֹֻסĲ
֪ˣȫ֪ˡ
ǲ˵ʦЩҲ֪ˣ
Ҳ֪ˣȫ֪ˣ
ǵʦԺܲܳΪĿɽ
һʱ飬ƽľȵͱȥ漴뵽ľ˵ʢĵɱ֮ǰȽԼ

ڴϿһҹ߷ף䴫ҹѾŻ񣬿˯Ļˣ̲סһŽȥ
ˤ֮ǰһ
Ķʱһţ˶ӿңүˡ
˯бߵϣŭһŵһһֵ˵ϡ
ôˣôˣ

ľȴ¡ûڿ
ôõҩ𣿡
˻æӭȥ
ľҡͷҩһøģ˵ԼˣҩҪ


443 ҹ̽ʦ

᲻ᷴڣ歵ĵĿڡ
ſһۣüͷ΢ҡ
ô֪ң歷ʡ
΢̾һǰסõļ򣬶ľȵ˰ҹȥϴʰ˯°ɣʲô˵
ľȵͷתȥȥ£ˣȻذɡ
룬뿪
Ż˵ʲô歳ŵ˵ͷҲ뿪
˿ԼԺӣݣ˦磬㷽Ϊʲôңʲôˣô죬ү̵ǻŽҩء
歽Ƚү̵Ĳ١
һۣȽûʮİղô˵㷽šôʡ
ֻǡ˵ʲôͻȻ뵽Ƚٵ£ռʧ˼жȻദʮžȽ̣ռ䶼оգĸֱѪƣȽ˿̵ѹ֪
ղǻﾹȻЩȽûץ˼
歰յִ̧Լӣ磬һʱż˵˻֪ҵģпġ
ˣʶˡļͷȽѹ̫ˣǲٸѹˡ
ͷָͷ֪֪Ժ˵һȹһӡ
ЦЦ
תͷľȵҷüͷһĨǡ
صϴʰڴϵľȲû˯š
ڴϣ˯Ŵɫ֪˶ã氲ĳͻȻ𣬴ǰµĺ£ܿе˸ǽ׼ʦķ򣬲ž߸ǽһ·ӹȥ
һ˵ʦĸǽ֮ϣСıܿҹˣһ·ϢµĶС¥
˯ֵҹģģпһȴƼһ˽ŵһ飬ʱҪд̿ͣȴһۣˢһ³ϵĿ֡
һ죬ûԼǺѹɤӲס˿ԣͨ죬òײŴ˺ͼ˳ǸһЦƿ߽ҡ
æ齣ӣ˵ƶ˽ȥ
ľŤͷָڴһָָԶӣĽƷŵԶԶģ۴˯ԼС㣬ľȸ˸˳ȥ
ľȰһԲ軣ڴͷ˯жüͷչĸףĿһһܣסµ֣ԼϣţѹڴݼૣŮˡ
ŮŬӲߵߣǧ¡
ŮһչĽһ
Ůҵ˽ѪƵķӣһ̣ŮһѪơ
ſڴߣԲ̬Ĳ԰ףգůĴӡԼϣµԼϣĲţŮú£ռĻºүһң۹ɽ򱱺¹ùڹв֪ʲôʱʢĵ۵ĵ²˵Ըһס
Ůú¡
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Ȼһӵ̾ϢľȻȻͷƼվһźµĹɽ
΢ôҲˣ
Ҳ֪ҵɵԸԼеصҲԸԼһֵͬ
ľ֡
ľЩĿ֣һŴӣɽ㡭
Ļһͷͱ˴³һѳԼУ˵ɵ㻹ɵʲôµģµĲҲңЩ뺦ˣЩҵˣռҺҵģҪ¸úµǣ
ſҡ
ľ˼£ɽ§ĸһսߣеĶƿңҾĸǰ㣡
ľһ㶣ͷ
ɽƦƦһЦһͣࣵһһڡ
ľһͷײĻɽһ˳ڵϣľס죬С㣬ĳ
ɽͷԼ֣ͷģľջ֣ɽ§סá
ʲôң㻹ſңľյŹɽ
С㣬ɲܹҡ
ľšһȦ
ɽһͷ£Լԣ̾һɵ㺦ʲô򱱺нյ游㸸ףͷӡҵڵ֪үŮʱԥĻһͬʢĵǰһϷǵĻԼΪүʲôˡ˵ռҡңǶµģʺֻһ˵£ʮ겻Ǹˣ޲ΪƽףẦ£
ɵǶߣһˡ
ľûιɽ§Լۼŵһ
Ҳ֪ô£ɫĪľԼĸ׵Ļһ߿࡭
ɽ
ţ
һֱ𣿡
һֱ𣿡
õĳĬ󣬴˵ĲŮӵ롣
Ҿһֱߣֱĵϡʯá
˵Ҫ
ڹ˵
Լ˵ġ
ţأ֤
Ҫ֪۸Ůһþ˾˴һٵġ
£˾˴ңҾܣҵӰٲǵ洫ġ
ɽ
ţ
ˡ
˯
ľһƣ˯˹ȥ
ɽϧķСĴӵᱧڻУۿǵЦŵ˵ͷ
۵Ŀ˯ŵľȣСҵĶϣС
ɽף˳ȥ
˷Ըذ׶Լһ㱡ƤӵĶϸľȣŴ򿪷ȥ


444 ɽ¥һ

Ŀ͹ɽľƽذɫݺԾգۼͳһڵ㣬ŹϷתҡ
С㣬Ѿ뿪ˣСЩϢɡ
°ڰ֣ҲȥϢɡ
˵ƳȥȻ𣬿ɫ쵽𴲵ʱˣ¡
ڴϵ¹⣬ŮŵĻĿ۵ķڽһ㣬ؿһӿһѪֱͷóסƿ³ɿʱѪ
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445 ǰ֣һ

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446 Ը

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׷ļҪȥǧ𡢺ŷ˵ľһ٣뵽ڴһϢĶӣеѿѪʣĥҵȡ
ľһЦ΢һתﳤȥ
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ߵְּԼСģ۵ȦˣˣοίһƷھˣֻһûзصĶƷ
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ֵͷۿԽĺ죬ū֪ū֪ūֻС㡭
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447 

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죬һԴҶˣԲ𣬶硣
һЦ˾ͺá


448 ЦԷǵĽҩ

ׯ뾩Ǿ벻ԶӶʱܵ
ľŸϵʱճֵԺɢ˲ûѰ˸صĵطƥ䣬ԾԺ֦ҶïϣҶɿýԺӵĶȴױ˷֡
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һСϾҪˣĸӣڳܽⶾ²˼ٶ


449 

ͻȻһİ֮С
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˷Ｘ˵ƣſԺһûֶתء

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ľżһ·ţȻƥ˩һصĵطȡ
ܿسŵʿԾǽɫŷֱ򱱺
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һȺ̫ҽ˵ܲУ

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452 

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Դ޻ͷβСɣʢĵ۲м
ʡϥ۵ǣΪɽ𢣬塭̫طһأѹ
һۣͬʱǰʣ뱣塭
˿ˣʲôȣƫǻֻܸžߣڸǲûʡ
ʢĵۿžһ̾һˣȻǵģǻǻ̫ɡ
ʥ
ʢĵһ·̫ȥ
һڹԱҷˡС㲻Զĸš
볯Ҽλ˲طʶԼҵĺӶ£߶ҼλСɫȻĻΧһķ״̬
Ȼľȵ֣ɫЩ԰ףȴǼ㣬ľΣգȦƣȽһҪ̿ͣܶԶܶԶǧҪͷ֪𣿡
ľָжǼһһᣬۿ΢ʪһȻλãѹģһ书ء
ȻһȦȻˣľȵֽ˽ҲУ㲻һΣա
ִֵľȻ˻ȥ
ҼλС״˽м䡣
һ·оյĵ̫
һȺ˶һȻ߬ŵȫǺһǰ׵ˣһɣ˾Щľæס㣬û°ɣ
ȻҡͷһЦû£ֽЩ
㺦£ôʵľۿһȣգգۣ˻ȥЦŽԼϣϢһ
Ȼæͷľżͷͷһ𣬱̾һС૵ˡ
ľȰ֣ûˡ
˼״ŮҰײҰ׵һʱЩ̣ľЦҡͷ˱ģСֻЩţԻƬ̱ˡ
˵ͷط볯Ҽλһߡ
볯ҼλСɫҲÿһȺ˻࿴˰죬ŴЦˡ

Ԭָ̫ࡢŮŸϢҲ˲ϰʲôƷˣԼһ
߸հ׵Ԭ̫ʹһȺ˽̫


456 תۣһ

ϣ̫빬ŮѴԬ̫ص
ʢĵ۰ڰ֣ĿӹһڹԱ˾˰ǣ̿󣬸޲Ļ־˭
˾ԱӦ߳½ּ˴һԣʡ
Ԭ࣬ʲôʱˣ
Ԭ࿴۴ڵĿ©ʥϣʱһ̡
ʢĵ̾һʱˣ֪ͨŷЩ硣
ԬԥʢĵƳôˣ
ʥϡԬഹףڴ˵ˮжѱ緹С
ʢĵ۵ɫһһۣɱֱ֮ˣ
ʥϢŭԬ£绹ЩʱŷһЩλˡС棬Ȱʣ١
ʢĵ۵ͷȥɡ
ԬæӦ£ҲС̫ȥŷ
ŷǱ˵ˮж̻̲һԬĻˣæӦ£׼õȫˣ׼ʳģʳû⣬ʼһЩ򵥵͸㣬ٶȥ̫
˭ҳԣ
ԸŶҲһغǿ
Щôȥģô˻ȥ
˾һֱһʱ󣬲һС̫ాסʹˡ
ūУūȫˣٴˡ
˾ԱһۣһնȥէС̫³ʱסˡ
˵˭գգۣӹһĨС˷ܡ
̲ʷ̨ʷһۣʷڵȻнۣӦɻ϶ᣬƴˣһȥϰɡ
ԥһ£ңңةһۣ˵ͷ
˴С̫صУС̫ڵ϶ɸӡ
ˣʢĵ۵
ǰʷϣСӣǹƽѵС̫࣬ȡľ⼸̫һ˵ģйǮƣҩüصַܷľˮ֮еġ
˭Ǯƣ˺ָʹ
ʢĵ۲ͷʷ̨ԱĳƪֱۣĿġ
ʷ죬ǰһС̫һţ㷽˵һһʮĴʵ
С̫ɪһ£Ĳӣſӣͷڵ죬£ĶͷͿƤѪһŶ

һ䣬ٲ˵ˡ
ʢĵüɭ䣬Ŀɨ˾Աõ֤
ͷ˲һ亹ŭС̫һţٻ㱳ˣСɾ潻ˣ
С̫͵ĶסͷĶȻŴ䣬۾Ǿһ̣ԲҪķʽʹͷѰūšūƽ𣬻
ڴ񷶥ص
һĳ
˵ĿⶼһĪֻŵϡ
Уˡ
ϣ¾˴治֮£ϺүȷӦ߳£ԩ
һţ˹ȥסʢĵ۵˫ȣϣҶ¶ģ鰡
һӣͨһڵϣ氧ݣʣԩʶС̫࣬һʹš
˵ܺʹʢĵƳһۣС̫ϣﰵӿ׼ʲô
Сֽ̧̫ͷֻͣͷǡ
˵ѣû㣡ŭȡ
С̫ƴͷǡǡ˸ūŶҩ
ʣԩû¶޵ҧ޲ǰһŽС̫ࡣ
ʢĵ۰ڰ֣˾ҳ
æӦ˷ܣС̫࣬ת򱻴Ⱥˣ˵ĸǸ㶾ҩˣ
С̫߶µĨһѺס۾Ѫ۾ǻ̿ȥˣһĨߴͷӰʱӵʱסˡ
˳Ŀ⿴ȥС̫࣬
С̫һһ
۾ˣ
ֻûȥѷɿȥңңʲô֪
˾Աһݡ
Ԭʢĵɫ̳ץס
һǯסһֻ첲˶ʢĵ۸ǰ̨¡
Ǹߴ̫෭Ȧһֽۼ˹ȥֽʲô
ңߴ̫һҪĳ˹ȥһץס־Լ
侪һ־ͼָߴ̫ҧƣûüʣͼǸߴֽ̫һѪϣ˵ȥ
ɵӶҪˣҩ֤ˡ
̲ʷ̨˶ͷһ㱡˹ȥס졣
ǴܼˣҲûҪʹզⲻҪ
ˣﻹʲôˣһȥµʢĵЦһ
Ǹߴ̫һסӿѪҾֵĳһˡ
˾˳߿ȥֻʪʪġ


457  


ʢĵȻҲƼˡ
Ԭʢĵ࣬
˼޾ƿקקʢĵ۳һЦͷһῴԬ࣬Ԭ࣬˵һ᲻޵ĴӶȥ
ʥϣ⡭˹ľ֡ԬŴС
ʢĵƳ޾˿û˵ģ
Ԭûҽӻ
ĪĽǸߴ̫һۣûӦǸߴ̫Ѻ޵˹ڵϣˡ

⻹Ҫġ
ҪǸһ˫дšԭĻʹ
ɵҲ֪ʲô
ͨһȥʶˣûиҩӺʣ飡
ܹͷһ̹ȥϣǶĴʺ˵ȴ治֮££Ƕһ׹
ةŹȥһ˫ȴȻڳеĽʣһλӡ
ϺүҲ˲Ծ
һۣƺҲӦˣˢˢ
˺޺޵Ŀţƺ뵽ʲôµ飬ɫһףȽŷĵ򵽵ϣʣңҡ
ʢĵ۾Ͳ⸱èģ
Ӵֵ֧ĳڶ࣬ռһ֣
ûϢ
֮ڰš
ľȿž΢΢üȥüͷšģ
̫ˡվľ΢
ľףȾ䡣
һ˻ȥйעųж
ʢĵİڰ֣һ߶ȥͷ
һӦһϥеһԼš
ʢĵƳȥһۣؿۣһİٻᣬͲѧһЩԼ
ԼˣչûңҲһ²ǣ
ãֻ֪ͷ£¾ͻؼźӣ
ｭɽٻѵźҪ
ˣܶǸ˼Լ
Լˣ˭Ҳݲ
ʢĵҡҡͷԸǾɵģ˲˵ҲλҰĲǣ
ϧ
û
ǸҷϣǼһУ
ʢĵᷳջ˼ۿ˺˾ˣǸԼ²ο׼¶ƵǴϣԼ𣿡
һͬʣûС
ŶûУΪʲôǻҧǣʢĵЦһĿɭĿŶˡ
ϥмס̨ͷߣʣûУԸͷ¶ûв룬
ʢĵü
ݺݵĵһۣҲȥʣҲԸͷû¶Ӻʣ
Ŷô˵޵ûӶûУǻ˭ʢĵЦЦˡ
࿴˶Էһۣͷû
ʢĵۺǺЦվǶɵӺúƭǲǣΪѵųܵĴָɵģ
ĿһµĿ̻̲ľ׷ӿ֪Щʲô
ˣ
ʢĵ۴ȡ
ǰڡ
ʢĵһ˦ѺΣ䣡
ʡ
ϣ
ϣװ
ʢĵָ̧򿪿ڵĹԱ˵޴²ף
ǹԱһ㶣˹ڵأ΢ң΢ֻǾλɣȴûʵ֤
ʵ֤޵ĽɽЩҪ޵˵ûʵ֤ʢĵ۱ŭĺǲǵˣʵ֤
ϡ΢ң΢˼΢ǹԱˣ˵ĻͰ͡
Ϣŭ
ʢĵŭ޲¹򣬸ߺϢŭ˸ҳս
ʢĵЦһָǹԱ˭ˣĻģ
΢΢ǡ΢ϴǹԱͷ
ʢĵһ˦ӣȥ
ǡǰץסǹԱŽ˳ȥ
ǹԱ飬ɿŮǱ߿־ӺŮҧҧӲıˣһֶûԡ
Ůһ긾һȥһСæסˮȴҧŴҿ޳
ľ̾һ˱ۡ
ѺΣ䣡ʢĵۿŶˣ𺣬û޵κ˲̽࣡
ٹӦŵ
ʢĵ˦ȥԬţ棬¡
ʺùõԶԶľһۣˡ
̫ɫѿʢĵʺͷβĺʮֲݺݵܹۣ̣ôĸˣܹͻظԹУһ½գûаŰ벽


458 ְ

̫󡭡
˻Ȼ̧ͷܹüȴû̲סڽһ
̫Ŀô
ϺүصĿ
ҧҧͷ檲ҡ
ң㵱治Ҳźã̫ɨϺүһˡ
һ̫мĴ׳ִ߽ܹǰ̫λЩع
󵨣˻ٳϡʺڳ̫ҲѻعܽҲȥ̫֣ܽ㣬˵ǲǣŭ⼸֣תܹͬˡ
ܹȴţ΢΢ͼ֣ͻع
æܿ롣
ܹ΢ЦףңңةཻһɫԼе֡Ůȥ
ɡ
ؿһƣ뿪ڽסܹȴϺүһۣһ飬æѹסѿڶһưĳּŵĺһԼ̫
Ⱥ׵ٹҵķˡС
ܼ˶˸Եӡ
ةüϺүӵվһԵѰ˸λȥ
һȺ«ưĶ˻ȥ
ȥЩĻصλ԰һЦû¡
̾˿Ϊһˮȵˮɡ
ͷӹˮˣߴŮǱߣӵĿһۣ˵ʲôɨߵةϺү򴽣ʲôû˵뿪
ӶˣЩ㣬򾲣üۼȴӹѿ;£ϺүһתͷȥةĿȴ϶˼תջأȴһֱûŹ
ͷˮʱֶһ£æһֻס˰뱭ˮһѹʲô
ة˼Σ⡣
͵һۣСĳһԷ
ةŽеĹעջء
ǾĪ
С̫Ὺھҧ
Ҳ̫ˡ

һ·ѺͽΣֹη
ڵһߣ۵ģ㺦ң
üһۣЦһ׽ˣҳ̫ߵң
ƨС̫Ҽûŭһûôڸʵ϶֣
ԣҲʶĸߴ̫࣡
㡭ϣһȭηդϣָˣ㻹˭ܼЩµС𣿱ΪҲ֪ԭұıɱʵøɱң̫֮λϧǰ㣬㡭
磬ô룬Ķݺ㣬̫ǰôңüЩʧȥǵú룬Σ˭
һ룬һӣܣǸҷϣһƲŬʮأҲֲ˵Ӵ󡭡
һɻңΪǱӴǺ¶ЦһһξԼǸıç
ü˵һֱһΪ̫ӣ¼ҹ˵ϴΪ̫ӣ
ƳһۣĬˡ
۾˼ȭͷص˵ˣ˿϶ϴˣǰǸ˹ָңþǸָ㣡Ǹ˵ɵǺǵľˡģһһպݶ
һ໰ǷУüͷšһͷηդϣ˼ŽôӦԸʵŭ
϶ķӦ°˳ɲҶ֣ɣϴ
ϸЩ꾸ĶȥҲû־ʲô׵ı£ӹļƽĲһӣһĿɮ

ƤȻһڷﲻԾˣ
˵ǰЩ꣬ϴ󣬽ϴѹƵͬһһ㹶͵⼸꣬ʿǸϴܶʵȨǸ˲٣ϴı֡
ͰࡢһײһӵļӸоͲ˵ˣԼ˵ĻȻһζûùʲô¶Ҫ⣡
⡭
濴ȷʵųܵӺܷϣɣǻʼãŻѪҺռһ֣
˵Իλһ뷨ûУţ
Խ룬ɫԽѿ뵽֮ϣ붼ûǾµʱɫ
һнľ
һһıƣ


459 ˶뽭ɽ1һ

459˶뽭ɽ1һ
ɶǶ޺ıƭˣ
ﷺɱ⣬һΪԹ޷ŭŤ
δһ侲ԳֵⷬģһʱЩ񣬡ϡģǡ
һۣۣƬ֮ͻȻˣˣ
æܹ£ʲôԸ
ȥة˵кҪҪ˵üͷе
˶һۣΪѵˡּκ̽λµļࡣ
ɫһ漴׼īһ⣬ȥةฮ
㿴ҡҿ㣬ԥ˺һû
Ȼ˵ǲ̽࣬ѵųȥ
⵹ûС
ûлȥ
ЦתתսϵЦˣӵģųȥ᲻ΥʥⰡ
˵ǲ̽࣬ȷʵû᲻λţӦòΥʥɣ
Ǿȥ׼ī
ˣ׼ɡ
˿ɥˣ׼˱īֽ⣬һ⽻ˣȥةฮ
˺εĽţӦ˻תˡ
ģةдʲô
ƳһۣۿηդϣƵܾĶ
ʾĶӣôɱǣмķ˸ۡ
ûٶ໰

ʢҹھУʢĵ۰λϣϰ£ϵľˮʱʲôӣȥʱȻʲôӡ
ָ̫ɣ˵ʺ󼸾䣬ʺȻϣ岻ʣлعˡ
̫Ҳסˣɫ࣬Щָ̧ʺ
ǻϵٳأ㲻˼ڳٹҷˡС㣬Ҳ˼һ»ġһȰš
̫۱Ļʵۣջ֣ûʵۣ۸ҵĶ˻ʵۣһҪ裡֪ˣ硭
ĸ󣬻ʲôʢĵӿŰ̫
̫һҭӭʢĵ۱飬ָ߬ӣϻһĨЦûʲôֻǸ̾ʵ۶ˣΪġˡ
ʢĵЦЦŶһ̧ʺ󣬡ԼȻ͵Ϊֹɣع
ʺüͷһ壬Ŀӣʲô
ôôңع
ʺḣǻϵ磬ˣϯӲʣ˻ϵˣ檸ˡ
˵գʢĵӦùõ˸λˡ
ʢĵ۵˲ֱֱʺıӰֱԶջߡ
ʵۣҸ˵أ̫ʢĵۡ
ʢĵ۵Ŀȥĸ˵ʲô
̫һؿڣæĸŰ̫ĺ󱳣̫󡭡
ˣȤԬ࡭
Ԭǰʥϡ
ԸȥǰǶȥ̻ɣͷۣǺˡʢĵ˦󲽳ȥ
ֵĳ˲һĬĬĿʢĵȥ
Ԭںּ߱ǰٹҷˡǧǰ̫㳡ۿ̻𡭡
䣬˸ʢĵȥ
ĿһµĿڳеİ̫
һαʢĵʺµİ̫ɫ࣬ŭߵֱԹʲôǸ˭أǴӰҶ
ϣҵ̫û뵽̫Ȼ˵ֱ׵Ļŵæȥ̫죬Сôʲô˵Сĸǽж⻰϶Уɲˡ
̫Ĺĵץ֣ߣȥֻ̻˴ǮĶҽҪ񫣡
Цŵͷɣūȥǿ񫣡
̫һϲԺһЩ

ʢĵ۱ֱģ˹ſֺԬյȥ񹬡
񹬣ӭڹſڡ
檼ϡ
ʢĵһԽ˽ȥӺһѱסʢĵ۵ʵϡ
ʢĵ΢ɨһۣú˵
ſʢĵ۱ҡҡͷʢĵ۲ͷץֽɨԬࡣ
Ԭഹͷ˳ȥ߲ߵһڹŮ̫ࡣ
ϡʢĵ޹ߣЩۿһųģʢĵ۵Щ⶯ûзŽ޹
һ޹һʹǼ䣬ʢĵڣ΢΢ۣ㣿ζ壬Щȵζ
ǳЩ£ԼƵİ㣬˯ŵʱȼһƬа֮ЧЦţʢĵۻУ檻ΪҲˡ


460 ˶뽭ɽ2

ʢĵ۴ϢЦô᣿谮İ֮һô᲻㣿
檡檡檽޷Ҷ򴽣Ϻүͨһڵϣͷһıʢĵ۵ȻǵĶӲ¶ıϣµģҲһжӻϷ䣡
ʢĵϧǸ׵Σ׵ûй̺ܽöӣθɣ
ϲֳ檣˱졣
ʢĵЦ֡
ΪЦлϡ
ʢĵ۽һ齱ߣЦһ欣ϱ𼱣檽ΪѰһԱףɰس࣬棡
ŶΪ׼ʲôöʢĵ°ͣȥס
Цʢĵ۵ؿڣվ°ơ
ʱ߽һ˫ʮ꣬űɴ𱬵Ůӣ˫˫ʢĵ۽£ū
ū
ϣ
ʢĵƳһۣűɴֻԧϷˮĶǶĶˣüӹһĨЦ̧ͷƣ޵İѰʲôģı
ǡ
Ӧˣ̧ͷ
ƴ񣬹覣ӣҺ촽Բ̵ıǼ⣬һ˫ӯˮӣ΢΢գ۾һ崿ķ˵ġ
ŮӵһģһȻ˫̥
ʢĵ۵ͷȻһΣƯӣֻȥְֵֵĸо
ɨ۲Զ޹򣬵ŮһӯЦݿڣϣϲΪ׼
ϲϲˣʢĵ۹ЦѾȲҪˣ
ʢĵۻɫһŮȴߵĺ۵ɫһֱ쵽˶˺ĵطһģһġ
ʢĵ۵Ŀ̫㣬̲סͷȥ
ζ䣬ԧϷˮĶǶһһİˣʢĵ۵˲ؿڣ̽˹ȥ
ʡڴϣ뵽˽ĿģӲ£Ϊ˶ӣҲ̣
ḣȥΪ׼ʳȥȥ
첽˳Լ޹˻û߳ȥӵľѽϡ
ˣֻṴ˵ļˣдĽһԵķ䡣
Ԭֵɱ뿪޹룬߽洫ŮӽȻ˻ԭλ
޹ڴԽԬ೯̫ࡢŮ˰֣Ľ˸ƣվԭ
ˣ
أ
Ԭ̧ңң̫㳡ķһ貵̻ڿն𣬰˵ɽ꣬ԶԶĴ
Ԭɨ޹ڵĻң۹۱ǱǹĵĽŲȥһֻɫѤöĿ̻һֻ۶޹Ķ

ڷ䡣
һݾ߷һֻԲ軣æס
һ۵ɹȥʲôУҾôŰɣԼŮ˸ϣȫˡ
Сְһæָڴ߱˸ƣū֪ίί⼸գ˻Ϸ£ƾ﷢䣿αظּԼӡ
ûбôˣһϲ
ֵͷ˰ģϲɱ˱ǣҲǶ¶ϺүһͷԸˣֻǡ
ַ£żϺү˼ǻϵ˼Ѳ£ŵסϡ
ղŻ˵ɱɱ˲ȥ
ЦЦﲻõǻĳ裬Ƕأһ˵ǲҲĻ
һȴҲ˵ĻеķȴϣŮԻסϣûŹӡ
ˡ
˵һ䣬һŮӵļ쳹񹬣

ġ
ֶһۣɫ䣬ˡ
˽ŲҴҳţŽڷ䣬㱻ǰһĻŵĵһ
ʢĵһһȥɴŮģѾͨһƬϵһ
֣쳤֣ȡ
ʢĵһ˫罣ֱ
һ䣬ͨһڵأˡ檡檡
ʢĵ˫һɣŮϣ̱ڵϣŲӴڴڵĴ
ʢĵۿ첽ߵǰһס°ͣ޵ӿ治Сɱȡ֮


461 ̵

һǾ֣ϣ檲ңҲҡ
ңʢĵЦһݺ˦ǲ𣿡
ʢĵ۵˦ȥæǰס
ȴʲô˲ˣһƿ֣ϥеʢĵ۸ǰסʢĵ۵˫ȣϣҶԻĹ檶Իϸǡ
ˣʢĵĿһۣˣȻļϳȥҹ񹬴򣡽񹬵ˣǶ۾ˣ޲ʹӣ
ԬഹӦ̧̫࣬һһֺȻŮȥ
ϡ
ϣү˼޹ذϡ
Ⱦǰ
ǶǵĻŻģ㲻ܼȰ
ϣ%̧ͷͣȴʢĵ۵׵ŵ˵ϡ
ʢĵתߵߣק¹ǵ޹ӵ£ͽΪƵƬԻõЧ
һָ΢żϵ޹򣬡⡢⡭檲֪ƭ˻ϣƬƬǳƵġ
ʢĵۺǺЦֲˣòޣԻøİɣ
һ飬Ȼƣмֻң⡭
ū֪Ƭȷʵ֪飬ǡūͻȻϥǰؿͷūֻö裬δ뵽飬ū
֡ﲻ֪ھԼһʱ˵
ʢĵ۵ƳһۣŶô˵Щ¶Ϊûаֹϵ
ֿǲᣬźС꣬ѰԼŮ
ʢĵ۷ŭ涥˲գٱϵΣգҲкùӳԣ
οأ
һܽ¶˴ҾͶûˣ
ǣūһΪһ˿һءֵĻû˵꣬ӭ汻ʢĵߵѴһҽ浹ȥ
۵ӹһĨ壬֡
ؿڣ۵ɫףͷ˲´Ŵŵĺ飬ȴҧŴ¹£ʢĵۿͷʡϣūĴϴūһŹ
޳ȫ㡣Ԭ࣬ȥһɱˣʢĵбһۣ
ԬӦһֻ˽˳ȥ
֣Ȧ죬촽ţ֡
һЦౣأԺ󡭡˼С
֪֪֡ҧŴԼ޳۾Ĵģֱһһϳȥ
ʢĵ۴һۣϧ˦ȥ
̱ڵϣָǰѣָİס

ʥϣ֪޹⣬Ϊʲôȥ·ϣԬСʵ
ʢĵƳһۣЦһСźô֪꣬ҵƢ浱м˾ɱˣ
ǲ˽ʥϣûʥôʴȵˡԬЦƨ
ʢĵҲһЩЦݣ̧յ˵Ҫô˵޾ϲźЩ˰ǳŮɫĻŪأǺǣҲ룬޵걻ֵѹȻУЩʲô£㡭
Ԭͷһݣ΢΢һ䣬ȴһ顣
ʢĵƼЦ϶ȥôˣ⸱ʲô
ūʥϡԬ̾
ʢĵۿҲ̾һҲʱԼڡӮˣЩ޵˶ˣҲãܼҲգ궼ޣߡǵŮ޵Ĵ޵Ķӣ
Ǵ޾֮ͨһžͲ޹򲻶Ծ뿴ʲôϣ˫̥Ůӣڴ֮ʱ޷
⡭ԬһʢĵۣϺүǡ
ʢĵ۳һЦǲӣһڡ޿¶һʮа˾žµģ
Ԭ൹һʥϡ
ʢĵۿ̾һԬడ϶ĶҪ˵λܴ𣿡
Ԭգգۣûҽӻ
ʢĵЦһ𺣬λҾھҪıԼ
Ԭ΢΢׹âš
ʢĵ۴һӣȥּþһˣЩҪ
ʥǡԬ죬һ䡣
ʢĵЦƲ˵ƣԺ׽һЩ϶ĺô


462 Ը𣿣һ

ԬЦЦ׽ūţūȥʲô֣ūʥϵˣҪ̷ʥϰģʥϿɲܲҪū
ʢĵ۹Ц
ˣ㻹ܸȥ˲ɣ
Ԭæأʥϰ꣬ūʥȥõźʥϣ
ʢĵۿһ̾һֽ㰡ʲôã۶̫ȥˣ㡭ôЩŰҲգȥʱʥּȥɡ
ʥϡԬ΢ūԸ׷ʥ϶ȥ
ʢĵ̧Դһ£Ц޲ľţݱԶأ죡
ԬźǺЦūħˡ
Ԭôһڻʢĵ۵Ī࣬ȥּʱ㾸䣬ܼҲλԺȣĵ˵ҪôӦԡ
ǣʥϡԬ๪ףӦ¡
ʣµ·˶û˵ֱ幬޹Ъ¡
Ԭæ꣬Ŵ˴Ҵȥʢĵ۵ĿͣʱˣŵĵԬ࣬Ԭ⡢⻰ɲ˵ġ
ԬЦŹ˳ĪģūǷʥϵּĻʥϻе˼⡭
ָָ̧죬Цλˡ
Ȳţ⡢ôأҡƽƽһϲô̫
žԴң֪˷ܻǼɫһһһģԬЦЦǼ٣빬ʥϱֻ֪ǣЩū֪
ûһ仰۾ֱĿҡҲ̫ţ㡢һ¡
ץԬԼ첲
ԬЦã¡
û˵꣬ͼԼݺݵԼһѣϲģģ
һ˾ϲ˹ȥ
Ԭ࣬
Ԭˡ
ôιȥʥתĻû˵أ
Ѷһæ˾Ĵ򣬴ŹֵǾŹɵĻʡ
Ԭǳ˳飬ţջΪǻϲˡ
ã⻹֪ʲôʱѹأʲôֻ˵ˡ
ظ幬Ԭ̫æܹȥСʥϵˣһȥ
Ԭ㶣ʥϻûϢ
ûأһֱڵ㡣Ԭ̫˵䣬ѵ޹ǰ
ԬʥϣԬˡ
ɡ
ʢĵ۵޹ڴԬѣŲ˽ȥ
ʢĵɫ㣬῿ڴͷһֵ飬Ԭֶ̧࣬СʲôӦ
뵽ŵĻȥľԬ̲סһүˡ
ʢĵ΢΢üΪԼˣʲô
үŹȣˡԬظһ飬ҧЩ
ʢĵ۵Ԭ࣬Ԭεʢĵ۶š
ΣʢĵЦһϴ⵨ӿһҪǼλ޵õɱӣôԸҸܼҡˣ㴫ĻʲôӦ
Ԭʵʵ˵ūûü˵үˡ
ʢĵۣ
εĻʱ򣡡
ԬЦɲǣˣиֻһιȥˡ
ʢĵ۰ڰ֣ǵԼˣҲȥϢɡ
ԬഹףӦˣų޹ſĨѺ̾һԬ̫úֵҹʲôͻ
Ԭ̫Ӧˣ˸С̫źԬ࣬Լ޹῿ۡ

ʢĵľŴ٣ղ糯
ԣү幬ʱʢĵۻš
ôʢĵѵúĳԼĶ֣緹ûУûһԡ
˵գȾӦкԬ࣬ȥŷϲʲô׼͹
ԬЦӦˣȥæҲʳʲôԡ
ʢĵƳһۣǸõûѧĵѧ˸ʮʮ
һϵЦݼҲס
ԬЦŴԲʥϵĶӣʥϳԵĵҲϲʥϵ͸Ҳ׼һݶ
ʢĵԬһۣû˵ʲô
мĳԬһЦԬ
Ԭ˾䲻ң˳ȥȥ׼һʱֻʣ¸Ӷˡ
Щִٲ֣ʹĦ֣ʢĵɨȥһۣ˲䲻Ҷˡ
ɡ
æлʢĵס
ʢĵأԳ࣬ڼν쵽ǰСϣξ̫Զţɵ㶵Ųĵ˾ۣŷӦ𹫿ʢĵۼвˡ
ʣϲͶһЩ
һС˶еǰʢĵֱԿǣһɵ㶵ǵ̫ӣǷˣЩ󳼻Ը
ϴ̫֮λԸ𣿡


463 ²Ƿ˰ɣ

463²Ƿ˰
һ£һӲȫϣɫһףһͨһڵϡ
ʣңҡûʵĻλֻɢүöʲôʲô
ϻ̳Ͽ֣һ˵һ߿ͷ˵Ԭ඼
Ԭ̫յԬߣС常ʥǸɶأ
ԬбһۣԬ̫󼹱಴һ磬ӣڨЦĿԬࡣ
ʵĲҪʣ
Ԭһ㣬һΣֻ¾ͱԹҲ㣡
常ֻһʡԬ̫ഹͷҿԬࡣ
ԬʥϵҲʵģҿǲ֪
˵գҡҡͷˣǰ߰ɣ幬Ҫ
常Ԭ̫͵̧ͷСӻźء
Ԭ̧ƨɣأòź򣡡
Ԭ̫ƨɣ죬ЩίվԬ಻ԶС۾һһĿԬࡣ
Ԭֻû
ûʲôĻʲô˼дϣģɡĹҲ˿ɱȵģ
ԬͻȻЩʥ϶Ծᷳˡ
ڣڿͷʢĵ۲ͷĽеĿ˹ȥʲôģ˭ˣϽ
ʣҡɪһ£ûҶ㣬ںͨͨϡ
ʢĵЦһ˶Ҿ㵨СңƫҪأ
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죬û
ҪҪ
ʣҡ
Ԭ࣡
ʢĵͻȻԬæӦһԬ̫һۣ˵ڡ
ʢĵָžƣôôһɼĻ͵ֵĶҪ޵ȻʾˣҰĻеģãƨҷһ
ʥϢŭһʱûӦԬЦ
ʢĵЦûӦȥˣһûӦ
ԬֻܸЦ
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ʣңҪҪǱ߶Ű㣬ŵĻһҡͷ
ʢĵЦˣԬ࣬ȥдʥּ޽аˣ㲻ҪƫҪ㣡
ʣҪ
ŵֱ飬鶼˹ȥ뱧ʢĵ۵ĴȣֲңɪɪĿޣǻɱ˶ģҪ
Ԭ˳ǣûüʲôʢĵ˦һɱ㣬㲻ɱǣ
Ԭ˲飬ͷվһԡ

պ糯
¸һ䣬ʢĵۿԬࡣ
λһֱ̫ӣ˼룬뼸λŹ֮󣬾̫ӣԬ࣬ʥּ
˲һٹ
Ԭǰһչеʥּ˻ʵگԻ֮ӾԪԴơܵ˴ΣʶΪ̫ӣմˣ½ּлš
һƬȻ
һ̧ͷʢĵۡ
ʢĵɹȥһ
򴽣ǰȥּȴһֱӹ˵ϡ
ˣ
ʢĵıͷÿ
Ԭ̲סæ̨׽ʥּ͵УЦ̫ˡ
ߵлʣ
ԬͷȻЩͣӡ
ʢĵ۰ڰ֣ɡ
ζûվһԱȥˣȥл
ʢĵֻ˦䣬˳
ˣ
ôʣٹپͰ̫Ӷôˣϡ²Ƿ˰ɣ
ϣ򲻿ɰΡ
ϣƽƽǧ𵣰
˼
ϣլʺ񣬿ιĲֻլʺ񰡣
ջس
Ϊ𢽭ɽ룬ջس
˵ԽԽߣƵʢĵ۲òͣ½ŲЦЦĿǣλ˼˭ʵ̫ӣ
Ϻүةһۡ
һۡ
ʢĵǰѻ˵ˣǼҪı޵˽ҪϺүةࣿ˵˵
Ϻүɫѿ˵˵˵ƨ˵˻ιţһ̯¶ûףʢĵ۲ָֻˣϵ֮ˣ
ɶ񣬹̫ˣ
ôſ͵ߥޣΪΣֱǡ޲ɼ
Ϊţôҿ˵
Ϻүĵ׽ſͺ޵ȴ¶ֺʥףΪӣȷʵ̫֮λ
ĹԱŵĿϺү


464 ڽзһ

ܼĿةࡣ
ة΢΢ӣϺүһۣʢĵ۵Ŀɨʱϳ顣
Ȼ
ͷ˶⡢⡭
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ٹٴͷɥĹ£ͻϣꡣ
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ةϺүһۣŲһµߵǰ̫ӵ¡
λϴ˿Ԫôҵϻ̳Ͽ֣ʧ룬ˣȥ
̧εЦжһ
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˵գɽ˹˺үһۣת鷿
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ˣӴˣԼţȻ˵˷ȥɣԼٶ˵Ҳ档
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ظ
ܼҴһſӭӣӭ̫ӵ»ظ̫ӵǧǧǧǧ꣡
Ц̧֣ɣ̫أ
̫Сڻ԰ʳܼЦŽˣ¸ջظЪϢūȥ̫
֣ãȥǡ
ܼЦӦˣɢȥǰ·ȥ˾С԰
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ӵ˸ǰ˫ֱףСӻϲУٸһЩٸһЩ
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ͷ׵ЦŨصķ·Ҫۿն̫ˣǵĶǡ
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˳ǣһֻ¡ڽз
˵ʲôԴЦЦ˵ҼҷǺıԣ򵥵ͽ۽ΣѴ֮͵̫֮λ
ֽ뻳УӵĸӶ̾һΪǣʲôֵã
ؿڣų૵һգĻλ㣣ΪǷλ𣿡
µһ


465 ޺磨

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ŶӵЦ֪˶ãӻɣ޳ָЦնһжΪӣͶλ֮һѡҿ϶ѡǡ
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ͷͷһڣüЦöԼѡ˶һЩĲǡ
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Цһ·˯Сӣ˳ңȥ鷿
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ͷ
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ĵȴ֪ΪʲôһɲõԤУӰΰΧĸо

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ˣ
طЦ֣ɰˣɩ˵˶С㡭
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˵䣬ľѾǰЦŸȽĸĸطˡ
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Ц⡣
طҪżߣȻһ̶ЦӴ˭ⲻδ˵ԼԶٳ۵ĵʦ߸ϵĶС𣿡


466 ƨ

˽Ųһ١
ط˳һۣüͷ˵ܲ٣ܲٵ
ʹ˸ɫ΢ף»Ƴۿڵĸˣǣҵ˭ԭ˵ս¼޹ȴµЩűõԶ𣿿Ǿ
㣡Զɫ࣬ˣ˦ЦĪҪˣǼҲзݣ뽫ֹԼժɾǲ̫ˣ
;֪ܺùһ·ߵڣ˺ʾΧļ˰һĳһۿĸʱüһЦȰúò۾ǰǷǵΪã㣿
Ǹüһ߷һ
ЦһܷҪ̻ңҿжԲּܼҵĵط
һ֪µļ˶һ°ܷˡ
ܷӹһĨ⣬ȴ˲ָһĮȻǿˣѿ£ֲõ룬ѡ
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ľȵĿһۡ
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ϣҵĺɩɩɾͱΪˣдܣȽȥɲһе飬ں˵У˳еЩͱˡ
طü˵ʲôס
˼ˣĹۺĹͣ˾ͻǵĹ䣬ΪԼָǲӣѿ޷ˡЦЦĿ飬ˣ㻹ҪʲôˣãȻ˲ԸǣǴظҲ˱˵Լ˵
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ҪҪƨ£һ˸ۣ½Ժӡ
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˵ɫͬʱˣԶ̲סںɷŮˣʲôҪһܣʦֵõ
˻һһƬ
˵Ŀۼܷϡ
ܷɫѿɨԶˣɭɭ
ԶŷӦ˵ʲôһʱûڲѣ㣬ԲҲǹģֻ㣬ºͣһ϶ҵģǲǡ
һۣü
⻰˵ģǱ˼ԭ˼Ҫǲԭ㣬Ͳºͣ
ܷҡҡͷȻᡣ
Զ˻ϲסܷ˵ĸ첲㣬ǿȥɣܴ˳¾ͺٳǾۣǿҪʹ졭
ܷˣ
飬
סŮ˵죡˵Ͱϲ


467 ż

ɨܷһۣЦЦ
ܷѿ˴ɨ۴֮ͥôˣ׻棬ûԶ˦
Χ˲İԶ˺֪ķӦãȻĿһۣҡ˵ˣ
˱ۣݵһۣѹô˵棬˵䣡ڶһѰĴ˵ĵض
û˵꣬;⻰ףǱҪǰͷŽμԼϯ
ѰĴ˵ĵضǳ˭
ҲܶϸֻͣȺŪȥһټ¡
һ£˵һӣԼ˳ȥ𣿡
鶣
Զæͷץܷ˸첲ֽ˽
ܷü֣Īģһҵɫ±ɡ
Զ˻ϲ۽ǲ塣
ЩӶƲߣЦȥӭŮ͡
ľȴöʱ΢΢һŲһģ˼˾䣬ľСĵ׵ɻ˵˳
üӹһĨСԶԭŴ˵ŮԼ£ԭǶŮĵģ˭֪ٳޣĴҹ˽ӵҥԣסԼҪףŴ˲ԼŮ£һȥģԼҶү֪ô˯һϣԼұȢ˶޵ԼҺ󲻾ãŴ˲࣬ԭС檷ǰڸڣȥ˶ŴСԺӣʵϣŴСװ׵һˣϧ
طһҲ̾ϢŴСºͣòڣвŮ֮ƣϧôСϣ
ŷѪŮҹңҪŴ˺롣ŴҪС檣ϷȴŲ˵СΪǶż˶ӣŷ˼ȻҪ룬ǾͷСΪңĳΪӡ
һλ˽ӹͷӣŷ˵Ҳˣ׼̫̫ҪСλֽŴ˰˺룬Ȼһ״Ŵ˸浽ǰŴ˵ߣ˹ְϼȥˡ̫̫ɵˣȥŷˣǿͷ󣬶ŷȴ涼ûδζѰŴˣŴѿĸС檻ϼңЩ궼δڻ
˵Ϸ֪ϱƷвˣѰ˾ҩˣԼ˷Լƫ֦Ĺﵱ檣ĶӲǵʤƵӣ
ŷҴɩΪżҴСѰ£ͨ˵ԷǴѧպҲһǰ̣ȼ޸Զүá
˷׷׵ͷͣɲǣԼҶүǸİԶ˵λǸ
ľ΢ס׵ľȣǰĵȷʵ޸ԶүɶĲûԶǡ
ȵȣļ޵Ǵѧ
ûмǴĻѧԼĵܵҵֻʣԽˡ
òᡭ
ôˣ
Ƴľ飬ʵ
ľҡҡͷС֪ŴС޵˽ʲô𣿡
ЦЦȻ֪ŴСʡףķҲһ˵ģǴѧԽһ޿֡
Խ޿Խࡣ
Ȼ
ľȻһʧˡ
²⣬ľЦҵܵҵҵʦԽͬʦ֣ףȴ֪ҲδüϺ񡣡
ЦЦĸ֣Ե֣Ժ油ϱǡ
šľЦŵͷ
⴩͸ҶڶϣһȴһЦݣǵĻȶһĶů
˻ǡÿһĻĿ˲©ͣ


468 õԤ

ɫ죬ط˳߿ȥһƼĸŮˣһСȻԵֲǳ˿ĸŮء
ط˵Ļ˲˳ǣϹ򶨣Цɲ𣿶ãȽ˵ʲôôģ
¸˿⣬æľȡ
ĸŮͬʱ̧ϻδɢȥЦ⣬һޡ
̲ס
ҼλƼԼСӵ飬һۣҴ˼ĿٷӦסط˵ĸ첲ǵһ˵֣ĩ³ʱ򣬹𻨿˱ǣط˿ҪǺȥһ
ɩŵġʹ˸ɫЦе
ڴЦҵ뿴̹𻨣һƬƵĳ֪ҶľۣĸһЩ
طЦһкѣ뿪ϯһʱҴȥֻ¼Ҫʧģǡǡã̫࡭ζ
ǿɲܣˣٲҪȥġʣ༸λҷ˶ЦǺǵ
طЦŵͷ˴ӵǰߡ
˹󼸲סµĸ첲СһЩǽж
ĸŮ˶һۣЩĪ
Ī鿴Ҳ߷ֵơ
ͷο΢ᣬ΢΢̾һѹЦģЩƣǻᡣ
ԣµɫһף˲æ桢ǡһЦˡЦˡ
ľȲȥ衣
˶һۣĬĬͷ
ľͷһݣɨ۲Զ飬ͷĪһɲõԤϮ
µֱģҲµġ
鲻ɵӣ˻ԼݣҲкӹ
ԣԿ϶鲻Լ£ȷʵõԤС
ĸȽȥ
ҲԶԶһۣĿǾ棬ȴû㣬ܷ˵˱˵Цߡ
ߣ
øЩĥƤӣû
ʲô²ֽܶҪ죡

ľɲõԤڿ˴ӵŵЦĵʱõ֤
㣬ͳ
ҧһľȵĿ⣬޲̻
Լڻݸôĳ󣿣
ԼԼǰ
һƯÿİ裬п˵ʱóһڣƽճŲμҲ
˵õĻʼҲͰˣ⼸վҪԶ޵ƽ
ƽ֪
СھΪʲôҪޣ
Ҫ
һΣҪһ˺ÿɣ
ֺͷ
ÿ˶ù
ձ˱ۣĵ뷨۾ʱϹǡôЦݣվ
֪Ƚ黹Ƚ˵ġ
һյģ֪Ҳġ
ֻľȣ¡
˵̧꣬۸һǷ䣬˵ᣬʲôĸţ
ľһĶˣ̲סӿЦ⣬ӣСǣĸ
Саο˰ǰһնˡ
Ƴľȣռĸĸ
ûľû鵭Ŀ
üЩգôôң
˵գһ䣬岻ûҪ֣һε˭ġ
΢̾һͷ
ľüͷ
ô˵أҸкһҲͰˣȻԹ˭ĵӣɫһĿһ㿴ѾߣүСĽգţ˭ģ
Ѿɫһףͨһڵϣˣū澣ǡǴ̴ȥСԺСģūֻ¡
˭ʦū澣Ǵ̵ū澣
Ѿŵæͷūǵʦū澡ū֪ˣˣū澴ˡ
ˣСͻظûҺүκ˲ٷۿ˷߷߲ƽһۣһ䣬ٸҷ̷ѾһȥеСԺȫˣһ
ˣѾֽŵ̧ͷˣˣūһΰɣūҲˡ
˳ʹ˸ɫǰһץûйͷСѾߣһȥץ


469 ҪҪһ

̧һϣŭȵʲôҲң
ʲôĿĿ
һۣ£۸ңŮһ㶼ҡ
˵գƵĿľһۡ
ľƤһƳա
ճ΢̧°ͣ˫΢УǳЦЦ
㻹֪ô˵Լ׵Ů𣿡˼Ȼ飬һ
üӶĵһۣҸ˵ֵõ˲ʲô죿˵һ֪ܷ˵²ż޵ǵʦġ
סڣ»Ȼ̧ͷһƢӯһ㺮˪ĸṆ̀ϡ
һ̧߰ͷҲ
ӷľæַס΢֣С㣬ӲŸһ㡭
ϾҪлѪѪˣʱ£ĸԺҪܸ
ָ⴫ůһ˲мǫӰӵŮǼ΢΢ᣬŮ׵ĵǣһ³ȥ˰˰֣Сظ
ЩûӦŵĿ£㱻ʲôҩ
죬ߣ

ĸӶһۣӦˣҪǰȴͻȻһǲǸͲҵŮ㡭
ľȵȻһݣֿ磬ֱӵѨ
ǰһľȶߵҷſСʹɫ
ľȵͷҲˡ
ԶķˡСԽԽһҲЩϷζ
ɫףͬɫ׵£鶸Ȼӵͷߣԭԭĸ̫үү֪
ǣˡ
һΣ޷ı˴ˣߣһֱ޺޵ĵľȣͣʹɫȡ
ȴһֱľȣѹû
ѹȥտ߽飬ͻȻЦˣĸʲô𣿡
ڴЦ˫΢̧΢ϣȴһϣһľϣЩᱻ֪¡𣿡
㣡üͷգʲô
˦˦ӣЦڻţдʲôҹĲãҲ뿴ǹĺðˡ
вɣвȥҩⷢʲô񾭣Сһ䡣
ľ򴽣˼Ƭ̣գ˵ս꿤ҲˣˣһٲҪ桭
ľȣ˲㻹ûݸвңǵʱѾ˵˵ģʲô£
ľŶһô֤أ
һ࣬㡭
ľͻȻǰһնߵ˵һ䣬а취ĸ״ȥƽһٻС㣬ҪҪһѣ
˵꣬˺һĿա
һʱûӦЩĿľȣ㡢˵ʲô
ֻ˵һΣСûǾ͵û˵
սȥк꿤λСô͵ѻȥ̽ϴ˼תĿľȼۡ
ճЦݣܷ˼˼񣬲˳˵˼䣬꿤öں԰Ҵǹȥɺã
ľҪܾʦļͻȻ˽ˣˣС㡭С㱻ˡ
ʱͻȻһ
ô£ɫһ
ɫ̣ܵǰͨһ£ˣǲųС֪ɳһˣˣū׷֣Ǹ׷ˡ
뵽ʲôһۣתʱ俴һۣſڱ˽ٳ֣飬úôɣãǴظȥ
µɫѿӶЩ΢ľȵĵ߹ȥסСſģǻһξ룬ûô콫˴ǡ
ҡҡͷʲôû˵
һȥ֪ͨط볯Ҽλˣ˴¼뿪
ľҲѰ˸ڣŶȥ
ԶƲƲ죬ʦ£ʲôͣû
յ촽˶鿴һִۣͷ
ܷ΢΢üһۣľȵȥķ˼


470 ϤıӰһ

üӹһĨ֮ɫֻһ˲Цŵͷȣ˵ɡ
ܷ˿һۣԶ˻
еļλҲ˵ЦŸ˽ȥ
ĸסո
ûк΢̾һս֪㻹ڹôԶݣڻݸ֪ѰŸŴ󻧣ĺѡ
մӣһ
Ůûû˿ݣüͷӹһĨ˰֣ȥɣĲŹŮǺùϵպá
лĸס¶һ£ȻҲٵԼվѾ߳԰ȥ
鲻ݣŮȥû˵ʲô˻
С㣬˽ˡѾСĿһۣյ
նסŲȥ
ǡ߽ıӰǲɹһĨЦݣѣȴѰûˣûõӣĸȻٻ뾫ϰˡ
ʮжܳ裬ľؾж಻
˵ޣǼٵģ
ĸף
һԹ޴ܴҪİԼˣ
յۿ΢΢죬ָ߬ģʹֶ΢΢
һʧ󣬲ǳһĸô֪ûüֵˣ
С㣬ū澿۰Скᣬȥյ֡
ҧҧСҡҡͷû£߰ɡ
СǣЦЦС㲻һӶģ˿סǾֻԼԼΪԼˡ
С㡭С۵Ĳ֪˵ʲôá
һ֣߰ɡ
̧ۻķĸף֤ĸ׿ջüֵģ

⣬ľȷ˵Уš
룬ͷõȶŹȥ˵ÿġ
ľףСĸģһСĵġ
֣Žŵ
ʦ뿪ľȷŰµ·ʱͻȻɨһĨϤӰ࿴ۣû˭û⣬
·䣬ͻȻӦһ
ľһۣôˣ
Ǹˣ쿴ˢһľȥˣȴȥֻһϮ̺ɫɴȹݱӰǵС
Ǹ»ɻҲϴıӰ
ԭˡ
һͷ²Ѱ˼Ҹġ
ľȽţӦ
Ŵʲôطݾߡ
ǡ
µ˱¿ˮݸľȣҲϳˣɣ
ľһˮ
費⣬£˭ġˣ
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½㡣
¶ס˶ӣպ߲ƣòɲٸˡ
ľȳһЦģҲôɵˡ
һ۵ȴȻеǣƺ˵ʲô賯ҡҡͷ
ȼ˵˵ʦתأһͷŻػ
˵ţ
ŵͷŵӼ̬ȹĻһŮ
Ů
ô벻˭ü̧ľȡ
ľһ˭ģ
һڣ̷Ӧ󵨲²òǡɣ
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ľƳһۣ˵ɣ㻹һЩʲô
պ֪ǰ³Ͷ£⡣
ǰѹľȶߣһЩ˵
ľ꣬˼ãһͬ˷䡣
ǰҸȥѰߵˣϵʦү֪£Ѿ˳ȥˡ
ľȵͷҪ̧ȥ¡СԹһ䣬ǿһĸ˫׽ãҲˣ
ľһš
ôˣ²Ŀȥ
߽ȭ
˶պġʧٰ˳йء
һȻͻظȥš
ľףĿſ첽ȥ΢΢Ŀǰպʲô
ĿԴ


471 ƻ

ˣС㣬ˡӣ

ЦľȽȥȥŰȲ衣
ɫ԰׵İ뿿ڴϣǿЦݣȽ
⺢ӡ
ϷҲڣŮŮͻϲģͷһᣬʣµô˵ڡ
ľȳЦЦḣϷˡ
Ϸֽ֣úӣûˣô񡣡
ľЦӦǡ
ֺõĿϷˣĿľһۡ
ľȺЦСɺһЩˣҸСѰɣ
Ҫȥ㣬㡭ĸһơЦ
æȥסãľȳ˵ͷߵ£º
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װüۼȫЦ⣬ľȣеı˱Ƚ㣡
ľЦŻر˷£̫࣬½֦һֱû㣬˵Űת¥ݶûŹ
ⷺ죬һ֪ٻ¥¥
СΪٻ¥кö໨¥ҪȥԱߴȤ
һۡ
ȶ˲ˮ˹ЦŸ˵һСϽɽ裬
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ľ˳ȥƵһۣͷʵ˵˰ɣɽֳġ
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εĿŽöˣҹˣϽȥ˯
ͶЦ
ľҲ̲סЦˡ
Ƚ㣬ҲЦҡ죬ɫߺ죬ȴҸ
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ľȵͷҡ
ƲĿ漴Ӧɫ䣬㣿
ҡ
УվûҷŵĻΣԼһСģ˶û
ģҲµġľЦͷ㼴㲻ңҲԼڣôأ
⣬ȰαԼգѰ˺ʵ˸ĸ׻Ѫƣһġ
ȶҲͬĸ͡
ľҡͷĸ׵˵
˻࿴˶Էһۣٿڡ
ĿľȣѾˣ
ţˡ
ɣ
ɡ
˶ӺһƲص̾һ˵ִ֣ȴӱңִ֡
ľЦƸлСƶ
ЦЦ˼䣬˵һЩѪƵעۿ߷ǰףľȲǣҹɫ
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Ѫ
գҡͷܾҲˣˡҲ£̫ΣˡԸҲỻѪ
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үϷ˵֣ţ˵ʲôȴʲôû˵
һŮһΨһѪŮܻȥֲԼʲôʧʵ̫ѵ¡
ľЦŰ£ģСƶϽδʥŮѪ֮ϽϹط˵ģһһʱ䣬ܸһġ
»ɣģ
ľȵͷҺʱڲƭ
̽ȥƣǰ֪ľȵľģȻǵͷ


472 ¶һ

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ᡣľն
ٿƣҲЦű֤Сģо֮ҾԲµġ
µͷ㡣
ƣ
ڷڻü
ǼңͷȥţѪڼ䣬ǧҪ䣬ôŵǣһ˲ӡ
Ϸͷģ㲻ǣǾԲȥǡ
Ц
Ŀͼ˳ȥľȿ۰裬˻ͷƬĵطҲ˸СȻشʦСΪϡ
ȶСƶ½йעΧĶѪڼ䣬ǧκﾪŵǰ
ġ
ľȸͶλ㡣
æסľȣ
ľȳЦЦƣʼɡ
Ƶͷ
ľʱӵһŴϣұߵĸ첲ƽ׼õĶϣһͷӽϡ
ǵбľȣ΢̾һйó׼õҩ裬ݸ£С㣬Ȱҩˡ
ĳˣƤȴĪֻȽ
ľæο¼䣬˯ľȿʣƾ͵ҸСԵҩ˯ߣܵ㣬״̬ȶ;˲ӣΣա
ľף֪ˣʼɡ
ƵһľȣȽ㣬ķпܡ
ſģµġľȳЦЦɣʦ˶ӣЩý֦ҵĿǰ˱¶
΢̾һ̧ȥãµĵͷ
ҿʼˡ
á
ƾ֣һ׼õĵ֮ϡ

䣬Ϸ˵ĵƵƵүүҲⲽ
ȴŽӴûõŮ쳣Σǰ˵ܾȶã;ˣһΣͬ
ģǲµġ˷Ϸ£ŵʪ䣬æʾݶˮ
Ϸ˾ֺڣĿڵϢвԼһЩֻ˫ڵĵǲδ˵Щο١
΢̾һһҲʱڼ䡣
¥ԺͻȻ΢ִүүӶһۣүӵɫ΢΢ȥҹģ˭£
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ҡȥүӼֱϷ˵ЩǱתҪ¥
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үӱ˱ۣ첽ȥ
¥£ү˳ɶž档
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үɨߴϣ̧ү壬ǵʲô
ܣֻסĸסһε̾˿Ϊڶ磿ѹЦǵʦֵܣȴ˴˲͡
ˣ
үǰһģҹģ½Ժʲô
Ϸ˿үһۣһ
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үһƲŷүӣסĸס
ҲЦŸײҪַʵмҪϷˣϱҹõԺӡ


473 ʲô

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480 ҳ

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481 

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482 

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483 

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485 

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486 ɽ

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487 

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488 ¥

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489 Ӧ

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491 

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492 Ƕ

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493 ʢĵ۵Ĳ

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494 һĿ

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495 

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496 

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497 

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498 ģһ

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499 ѽٽ

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С㵱ʮȥսˣ˵ʵ
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У
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С
ɽ
ɽֱһָؽڵĴǲǲžϡ
ٸһλᣬ˵ʵǲǴˣҪһޣǹ˼ҷֵ𣿣
Ҹո˵ľʵ
ƨ

Ҹ㣬Сҹɽ֪ڵĶϱѾҹ˼ҵˡһٻԣˡˡ
ɽݺݵĿŴϵСãҧгݣ췹ҿ㻹ҲҲΣ
ľȣ
ͻȻܻǰǸüĿһ֮һͺܸ
һᣬ˵ûһ޵ͷҲĴ㣡
ɽһ׺ݣ۵ȴĪĿֻš
ľЦ˽Ļſҧһڣɽû˵Һܰ㡭
ɽǿŶģˡ


500 ͻ飨

ɽһ£Ҹá
˲ʢĵˡ
ľһվ˵Ŀģ
ŵͷƼҵݹϢû
ľԽŨأúһѴֱߵĲյŭˣ
˵ɫѿ
һ֮Ȼ֮£ֱֱΪһࡣ
һӣĺˣٵʲôܲģôôճԱ㣡
˵
ľ׺ԩײǿ̣͢Ͳʲôϣˣ
С㣬ʦǱҪҪǰкʡ
ľȱ˱ۣ˻ŵȥ˵
赣ĵĿ
ľȳһЦȥŰɣƽΪɡ
ͷ

ȥһѱʢĵ̫ٽ˺󹬡
ʢĵѵ󵽰̫ǰ̫Ȼֵʢĵһ飬Ϊ׼Ҷı
ĸЭ飬ȥĸТڡ
ϷСӦŰ̫ĸ壬̫Ļһ˿綼͸
ʢĵۼ̫Ϸ˸ǰֲ˺ãɫ
ϷˣŮҲ˲˰ɣ
ϷһԺӹǧܵĻЦŵͷŮծŮӲãôЩ꣬ǲãûϿЦˡ
ʢĵ۵۵ȾһǺЦ̫˵һˣ޾Сͦģ˼жŮҪСãֻҪլٳּ񡭡
̫ˣȻǧõģֻŮСģ˵ٳּԺһȦûУ޹ȥûõ˼ң̫ѡ
ҪأʢĵЦһɫ׵¡
ʮ겻Ůһǵݳһ˿԰׺㲣һû䣬Ȼһʱǰˣᣡ
Ϸɫ䣬ͨһ¡
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޴͵Ļ飬˭Ҳӣ
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ϷһЩϸˡң
ϣŮл˵¹Ϸߣ߬ӵжĲӣɫȴ쳣侲
ʢĵһۣЦЦС˵ʲô˵ûʲôá


501 ׼

ףߵϷˣһĨЦݣͷΪŮТΪȡŮ֪Щ˸ĸˣŲ֮ڵʦһǰ;ʵڲТʣΪһӣŮҲϺ̫Ȱ棬óŮˡ
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㣡
ʢĵ۶Ȼɫ䣬һվ˵в£ЦããǺõĺܣʦһŮҺý
ϢŭϷæһ
̫µĻһʶ£㡭ǿּ
̫Բӡ¿̫ǳЦŮǽ֪ͻôľϲһʱܲסû£û˻롣
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ӡ
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ӸСӿһԣ
ʲôдͻôľϲ
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ʢĵ۵۵׵ŭȼգ޵Ľҧء

ڱ
ΪЩвɣ
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ˣ
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ּ⣬ҶС۵¡
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ʢĵ۵۷Ŀ¡
Ϸʢĵ۲ܲҪּͻʱһ亹˿̼ʢĵԥæͷּСŮ
ʢĵ۵ĸŮת˼Ȧ˵Ŀڿˣú˦ȥ
׼


502 С

үȥĺȵľƣô
ϣүãү鲻ã鲻㶮𡭡
СĶ
㶮ƨ
ǣү˵ǣСĲ
㲻
ϷҡһεĹɽԺߣ··˶Ŀ
ϻ֣ʲôϽߡ
ò׽˷Ժӣһ紵ɽһƿϣ˵ɽ˸찵أһƨڵϣżɽۡ
ϣ
΢ۣϻͷЩ¶һۣԼү·үǻ˯ˣ䡭
үүͲүþүٺ̳ɽϵĺ󱳣
ϰһҵǺ˶پư
۳һɽæֵСˣ̧ȥ䣬Ūˮɽ˲Űȥ׼Ѿ
һѾϺȰŹ˰룬ɿ̱ڵϡ
ҹԺϢĽˣ磬ŮӣӴڼţ˽ȥ˯ڴ²ʡĹɽŮӶһۣߴͷ
ӺһۣЦһʲôϽ˰ˣǱ߻Żػ
ɫ䣬ϵߺ̲ҰףҧҧӸһ񣬡ǣ֡
һŬŬ죬ȥ
˶һۣһС֡ءرܡ
ǵ£ʲôܣҿǣϽģ
˵ɫһףŵĿӣ費һɣǼˣ㣡
˵ӻ˻Σҡҡ׹ҧȥڴߣ㿴ңҿ㣬ӵߴ£ҧȥϵȥɽѹɽʱ¶Ȼһȣˣ
ɽ͵۾ī͸Ůŵľһڵء
ӾһŴĹɽţôܣ㡢㲻ˡ
ڴѾҩĴ
ѵһһĸߴŶ룬ңһŽߵڵأ˵ǵʲô
үӱ͢һؿڣʱ۵һѪʱǾ˵
϶ʵ


503 ҶΪ

ҡͷ֪
͢ЦããˣHϳȥҹ
ү
ӻ⣬һأȥ͢Ľţүūʲô֪
ͷ˵ʵϳȥ֣͢ʱӿСˣק
үūǷԺˣܴңܴҡ
Ժ
˵ãһ˵͢׵ŭʢݺݱۣȻԸˣȥ÷Ժһˣ
ү⡭ʰɣ
͢һۿȥ̵ͷСȥ
ϲ֪ʲôطðŮӵ·ˣǿ޿Ĵˣ˽ˣڽ̤ϡ
˵ɣʲô·
˶һֻۣҡͷޣϿڡ
ɽ̧Ƥɨ˶һۣǼ˵ڱϡ
͢䣬ݺݵ˶һۡ
硭
Σһ磬ȴ֪˵ʲô˼ţֻ³һɰͰ͵ģԲ𡣡
ɽһۣû
͢еĹâ𣬵ͷĴվһԡ
ԼＸ磬һῴֵܵϲĸ׼ƽϣĸȴһֱ֣
СʱȹٴΣĸôһǣ
ÿα˴Լ綼ǵһţ
ĸףСС;ͱڱ߽
ΪʲôͲףѹͲҪʲôλ
ҪֵСʱǰȵģ
׷ûеǸĴȹˣڵΣϴĨһѶͷĺͷүү
ɽһŮӣȥɡ
ϴӦˣ߹ȥ˵һ𾪵ɿ֣˰Ѷ˵ͷŵǼȥ
˽ӣҶ
Σ
ϴ־Ŀɽʻ˺ôһڿˮ˵⡢ˡ
ôˣ͢Ҳ˲Ծһ˫۽Ķϴ
ʲô¶ûУ
⣬ͻȻһ˵
̧ͷȥֻ׷վ䡣
㲻úôԺԺʲô
͢Ťͷȥ׷ˣ˺һŵĸף㰲ŵģ
׷˵ˣûش͢⣬ֻǵĿһۣ㽫ĿƿڹɽϣүʲôǸˣôʦڵĺҪһ㣬ܵܵȥҹ
˲뺦𣿡


504 룡

ƣΪҪ㣿
׷һ˦䣬Źɽ˼ݡ
ɽŶһ˲֪
׷ҧ֪
͢һ㵽ʲô˵ҲҪ
סڣ׷һۿȥɸֵĵô㲻úԺʲôôӦҵģ
͢ɬȻһЦĿв׵ʧôӦҵģһˣ»ҪԼĸģСʱҵٹﻹǲǵã
ǵã
͢ԳһЦԼؿڣﲻǵҼǵã꣬ʮ競׷ŴһǳҺ״ȥģҪǴҵһ£ҡûˣ߹Ǳڴ²´
סڣΪ㵲һùҹһ˫ϥʹë㻹
ûһˣˣ͢۾Ȼ죬߬ŵĵ⣬ŵĿǰĸס
ǷǵĸӾСصĸ
׷ƿ˹͢۵׶ʧĿһǰֵͣ͢˵תͷϴϼϴŮк״ʵ˵
⡭ϴΪѵĿ˰׷һۣ֪ò˵
׷˵˲𺣬ĵ˺ϴһۣϴæͷ
͢ЦˣĸΪסϴ򣬻סеĴ˵˵ȥҽ
㣡׷һûӻ˻ΣԵַסָŹ͢⣬ʹϣһΪ˭Ϊˡ
ĸײҪ˵Ϊң͢ѹĵ޴йŭҴûүλãǰûУԺҲУ
㡭
׷˲ŵĿһжΪá
ĸǲΪңĸֱֱ͢ĿŰ׷ˡ
׷˺סˣðβͻȻЦˣָŹ͢⣬кãúúãҿһ治Тĺöӣ
͢ⴹеֶȻսͨһڵϣǶӲТҪԴˣһ˺úùӲ𣿡
úùӣ׷˴һۣĿ̧һĮȻŵĹɽϣ뵽ϺүǸĳ飬ĿһһѪӿƴѹ£ҧгݣ룡


505 ҾҪ

ĸף
͢ⲻŵ̧ͷŰ׷˵ŹɽǺ޲ɱ֮Լĺ⣬ƺҪû
͢ϥǰץס׷˵ȹڣĸףûжǲΪҪִԲĸӰĸףһѣҪһٴˣ
ҴҺδ֮Уĸӣֶ̫ŮϺĵճŮô޽򱱺ʮһɷģΪЩǿеЦҵĶ£ӶǣдĸӣǸá
ĸף
ƺ֪׷Ҫ˵ʲô͢˫ͨ죬Ȼ
׷˵ĻڶӵĽȻֹ
ӣʹĶӣӹ̣ߵֳ˳䣬ˡ
׷˿һۣ֣ҲҪҡ
ˣүһƬТġ
һƬТģ׷˳һЦ۵Ķ׿ɾо֮Ĵ磬ʲôҲḁ̊́ʮ£װʹһذˡ
ĸס
͢ʹ࣬ץסĿڵ½촽˵׷˱ۣͷŤһԡ
͢Ťͷȥɽ
ɽĮ˺ϴһۣϴ̹ػү˳ڱιʳһݣʳ֮ϻɢһ㣬ӡϺ󣬻һֶأɡȿȡϴϣӵľ֪ġ
ö񶾵ֶΡ
˵˳ѣպ˾ʬҲֻóôһۡ
ϴʿˮɨ˰׷һۣ׷˿һۺĲ˼סԼȥ¿ͷġ
͢һή̱ڵϣӲתȥϴ򣬡˵Ķģ
Ϸ򲻸˵ѣʵ
Щģݲ´磬ɱ˴磬Ҫ𣿡ֱֱ͢ĿŰ׷ˣ˫û˽һ㣬նġ
׷˵ĪһţſʲôɨĸӵĹɽ˵ڵĽ;ͱˣģҾҪ
ɽü
͢⿴Ű׷ˣû
һʱ䰲ģš
ã͢ͻȻЦˣһЦһߴӵҡҡλεȥ˷䣬Ц˴ЦЦ˿Цģһ·Ժӡ
ˣץס׷˵֣үԾ
׷߬סֵ֣ĻŵĲӣߣǡߡ
תҪȥ׷ӣһģַţЩȥ


506 ʲôݸҿڣ

ˡ
׷˽ŲңͷҲصˣ֤˴ߡ
ɽϣϻ⣬˺ϴȥһתأŮӿ޵ͣͷģүūĲ֪˸ū澺ȵжū澾һӣҲϲҺүġ
үūҲˡ
ǼˣȷûԶԶˣȥ׼ҡ
ԥƬ̣ү׼һ𣿡
׼Һϻı򱱺׷ıңǰ׼Լѡһɽü
һӦ
׷ıүֻǰ׷һˣ׼ûʲôϵȻǣϹڵ̫
׼Һϻı򱱺ӵ׷ף̫ҲҪԹ䣬׼ҲŹ֣
ϱȭˡ
ȥɡ
ϵǣ߹ȥһһ޿Ů˳ȥ
ɽʰ䣬׼ȥ鷿ʱϺүҴҸֻ˼Сˣѹɽ鷿
ɽʲôʵ
ʲôôЩ꣬һֱҪˣҽ˭ĸһ˭һ
ɽĮȻ鶸Ȼһת˫ɱֱ˹ϺүţøģѵǹϺү𣡡
Ϻүһ˼ţһֶû˵ʲʦڵı˲ʮģ
ҶԲϺү˱ۡ
ɽһ˦䱳ȥ
鷿ڣһʱ˭Ҳûٳ
ú󣬹Ϻүֿ˿ڣɽҴӦ򱱺ģӵλģ㡭ûиλ뷨ܲܡȻɺޣܡʼվһߵġ
үҷŹĸӣʲôݸҿڣɽתĿŹϺүԸ׵ݣǾͲ˵ǲͷġ򱱺үݡ
һЦ鱡һ˿ڰ׷ͫʵӳŹϺү͵ֻҪһ仰үλó
ҡû˼ϺүȻ̧ͷͼʲôȴڹɽ˪£һֶ˵
ɽߣٿϺүֻүûãҪҸǽϸҺĸ׽


507 Ǻ

ɽתȥ
ڣϺүЩ͵˼֣һ˫ȾһĨãȻ
ϹܼҲ̣ȥȰ⣬үүͷϣ˵Ļȥ
ϺүЦЦȴһ˿ЦⶼûС
СӡĸףǸ಻ɳӵˡϺүпһ䣬ͷʵɫһ˵˾䣬ΪϹͷЩꡭȷʵί
Ϲܼһԣ̾һ
ʮĺ͵սҲǼϺү¡
ҲգҪұһ
Ϲܼһ㶣ү
ȥҰϣ룬ѡһ
үϹܼҲŵĵŹϺүΪԼˣ˵ʲô
⴫һ仰ҹɽĺλֻһλ̳˱ǹɽɽ֮λ㻹ңϺү˵仰̧ų˷䡣
ϹܼԭأŹϺүߵķɿıӰ㱵ΪԼجΡ
ϺүһɱµݻҵǴԸүҲү
Ϻү
Ƿ˰ɣ
ǰɣ

ϺүصԼ鷿дݣһݺ飬һ飬ȥ˰ϵԺӡ
ڶӵԺ뷨ӿӣ˵ĻҪˡ
飿ЦһֽҵϺүϣɽƾʲôң
ͬ׼Ĵɱ򱱺үɿɳ֣Ϻү鵭ŰϵװûС
ҧ֪ң
˵ǣǡϺүûִһϺүҪݰϣæĹ͢⣬㣬Ӵˣ࡭
ɽΪ˼Ůٳּʮ꣬ûйҲпͣ㡭ңϵ
Ϻүֶһź飬뱻ݻذ׼ңǱ룬ļױЩҰµ˽ĸӶߣӴˣҹ˼׼ұ㲻ǡ
ɽ

ĸͬ
һΣԴѣΣЩһͷԵȥ͢ȥסϣ
Ͽڹ͢⻳һ׵ˡ
ɽ㷽˵ʲôҧ۾ĶŹϺүƺ˵ղŵĻҪȥҧһ㡣
Ϻүջ飬ƵĸӶǰǺ룬ӣ뿪ҹ˼ң򱱺λãԺǻңҲ䵽Ķͷϣ


508 

㡭ˣ
ǰŹϺүǰ½һ쳣
Ҷһ㲻ǸĶǿССͣϰ䣬Ͽ˫ȫ⾩жܱȵϣȻȻԸ˾λҶӣɽúݶĳ
ĸףҪ˵ˡ͢ǰŰϣӴδФ֮λӲҪ
ž
ϣ
Ϸִ˷ԼĹ͢һƣ̶ڷصϺүĵŰϡ
ЦҲǸûϢģ˼ҵֹȻǹ˼ҵģһҰ׼ҵѪԶûУЩ˷ôѪ󣬻ǱȲǸȥļˣ
סڣ
Ϻүɫһ䣬סϡ
ƳһۣϵЦԽŨңô㲻ˣƫҪˣˣˣ
ž
İ˲佫ϵɣھĿ¡
ŵĵŹϺү㡭ң
ҡϺү˿Լ֣Щ΢꣬ǰ׼ȨҪЮŸҵĵޣĵ֮λʱǱ˵ã֮λҪģĸ̫׿ӦµġϣŶӵ棬Ҳֵ̫ѿǡɣߣļױҲȫߣ˹˼ţԸʲô򱱺ûж
ɽ񣬡ƾʲôңƾʲôЩһһ⣬㡭һֱǸˣƵģҵģҲߣҲߣ򱱺ˣǰֶ̫Ů˵߾Ͳߣ
͢˫ͨ죬ͷȥϺү˵ĻսһͱһĹȥ

˵ͲԲǸӵ㣡ûаԲǣ͢ʱһ绹֪㲻ǷǵģǷģ
͢Ȧ죬һƬĶӣһжΪңҲһеĸԴ
ŰѿӣȻһЦǲˣһоͿԽˣˣҼ̾͡
ž
ˣ
ϵİϺүĺǳͬʱ𣬡һȥѰ𣿡
͢ʹıۣöô죿СʥԣТѵܹɶûнĸҪɱʱҸô񣿸ף̶̽ӣһĸףһѪ磬Ӹôѡ


509 Ϊʲô

ϺүɫһվԭأĬ
ȴЦѪ磿еȣ浱׵ܵܣô֮λó㣿

ʱʡİϣ͢Խʹ࣬⵽Ϊʲô硭㵱ĸ׾ŵģĴһ˺䵽ز
ϺݺݵһۣĶңȥָһɷŮҰ֣
ɽӣҰ֣ʲôϺүԡ
ЦɽҸ㣬Ҿ뿪򱱺ңŶûУ
ϻգˣѶүؽͷûҵ˭䣡
ĸף
ˡߵȰһ۵˻ȥ
źڰԺĶţӿ׳СˣȥסĹ͢⡣
ĸף͢˶ȴûѣ⼸Ȼǻģ˵˹͢Ѩ½ˡ
ϿݵĶӣ˰֣ȥ
ĸףǸʲôѶӷſ
ܿ͢ʧЩԲϣ˫ĿãȻһľһɢ
Ϻүſ˵ʲôȴͺүȥҪϢˡ
źϵԥƬ̣ӲͷƤǰүҹˣȻذɣʲô˵
Ϻү˰һۣûٶ˵ʲôתˣȴһûߡ
Ժз󴵹ɳɳ죬񣬴̶ķңƵҲйƵܡ
֡
Զץֵ֣ͷЦЩΪʲôΪʲôңҾôȲһôļ𣿡
ˡ̾һū˵Ϻү飬үϺүлԼȣǰ׼ҡ
˵ˣҲͻȻŤͷֵĻ
ĵһ̾Ȱο˱ٺ˼ˣٺҲ绯һȻˣϺүҹˣǷ㰡
仰׷ȥˣתϴЦ۵ȴӯˮǿЦվȲһ˵ˣʼնֻһ
ֳĬһˣǿԵͲǿˣԣ˲̫̰ġ
׷˵Ŀһ٣֣ãû˵һ֡


510 Ҳϡ

Ժ鷿
ϺүһƣĿǰĹɽһҪ𣿡
үΪأɽüĿ䣬һſȾɱʱе֮⣬´ζ֣ҵ¶
ҿһٶֵĻᡭ
᣿ɽȻһЦô˵ǰһֻ۱һֻ۵ģ
ҡϺү죬Ŷӿӣһ仰˵
ʱֻܳҫ鹣Ӽ˵Ҳֻϲˣȴûɱ
Ӧϵѱݣѽߣֻ˲治ദܲðлɳˡ
ȴˣһһ³ִ׷
ϣƫִκ˵Ļ
ƫϵ̫ʢĵ׿ڴͻ飬ݲ޻ߺ롣
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뵽ˣϺүһ£һƣֶ˼Ȼ
֪ǵԲסĸӣǵԡ
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ϺүȻ̧ͷʲô
ɽ鵭ǲм˵λáҲϡΪһˣһף
͢磡ҲҶӣϺү򱱺ģ˭ߣҪȥ
ɽĿãЦһһ䣬⡣
˦ۣȥ
Ϻү׷վ鷿ſڣվס
ɽͷҲûأ鷿Ժ䣬򱱺
ϹܼҲֻϺүүԼˡ
Ϻүʧȥһ㣬ǽϣۣԩ
ү
Ϲܼǰû°ɣ
Ϻүƿ֣վŲԼߣһѣҽҪϡ
Ϲ̧ܼͷ˿ɵ죬үۼ컹ʲô²᣿
ϺүŲһ٣̧ͷһ죬˰֣ȥɣϢƬ̣˼ҡ
ϹܼӦȰŹϺүڴ£ۣƽĹϷţ档
ϺүȴڷŹϵ˲䣬ۣͷĴʣ֪Щʲô
գ콫Ϻүһʰȥʢĵۡ
ʢĵ̲סľȻ䣬֪֪Լ˵ʲô


511 ׳н

ϺүڵϣĬȻͷ
ʢĵۿһŴ£ߣ׷˼ºͣǼʲô£
Ϻү㲣һ˫Ӵ˿̰޹⣬۾Ѫɫδ˯һ롣
ʢĵ۵ɨԬ࣬Ԭ̴鷿ĳ
ǹ˼ңӶΪ޵ĽɽǰɱУⷬЩ佫֪ģ֪ĲΪǹ˼ҵıȨ
Ϻү͵̧ͷϣϳԸģ
ʢĵ֪ɽСӶ޶Ĺġԣ޲ŲܴӦ㡣
Ƕĳ򲻿Ϊһʱ֮ͻǹ˼Һò׵ĺ֮λ
ʢĵԴǿУΪӶ˵д㡣
ϺүɫǺۿ죬ʢĵۣͨһ£ϣӡԹ޳˵ĸȥ࣬ϳϳģκϣϳϳѹ
ʢĵ۵ǳ˳飬Ԭࡣ
Ԭഹ˿ȡ
ʢĵקקԼ½ǣûקòϺү׸ӣĸҹɽСƢ󣬲һʱ֮Щʱȥ㵱˵ͣѵһ٣ɺã
Ϻүͷˮ飬ʢĵ⡭Ͻʰһ£ôˣԬ࣬ϽģϺүȥϴʰһ
ϣϳϴˣϳͻȥˣϳǸ˵һϳдӣϳͻؼȥддͽϡ򱱺֮λ͵ϳɣ
ʢĵյŹϺүͷ˵ʲôáȥȥɡ
Ϻү˵񣬳鷿
Ԭཫߣתأʢĵ޺Ϣ۾ЦǸʲôӣ
Ԭ룬ū˵׷ůĸӣӵץסϴ飬֤Ů㣬֮зϢ
ʢĵŶһĸȤ۾˵ȥ
˶ү׷˺һȻ׷˰ûϺүŭдҪ׷˻ذϺϧ׷˾ܾˣϺүֱ䳰ȷһͨԴʼἰŵĸס
ԬԵ˵ˣɿɨʢĵۣȵǹϺүӦֵǽ׳нôһС


512 ʲô

׳н
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ʢĵЦһ󿿻ؿϣĦĴָϵָһ֮λҲֵˣ˱ӵֶΣ׼ҡϢ˭뵽겻һҲһգΪһССĺ֮λ涼Ҫˡ
Ԭûнӻ
ʢĵ۳֣¶̫Ű׼ңݻڰ׼ңֱסѱ޶ˣ
ԬӦǣʥϡ
ɽԸӡʢĵ۱˰ΣЦǼȲҪ֮λǾ˰ɡ
Ԭ̧̧Ƥ˵ʲôֲ˵ģ
ʢĵбһۣ˵ʲô
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ū򱱺Ҫλȥʥ˵Ǽ¶
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ʢĵü˲Ԭ໹û˵Ļ
ʥϲһֱıȨ򱱺ֻ˺⣬ϵ׵ġ
ʢĵۿԬ࣬ĿʲôûУһŹЦԬ࣬СӣĿ޶Ļ׳ˡ
Ԭĵһɫһ䣬ͨһڵϣʥϣūˣū
ˣ߳࣬뵽һ㣬˵ʱ̼ǹޣ޷޵ͷѣô㣿ɡʢĵЦݣ
ԬûҶ˵һЩάԱݵĺֱʢĵ¶Цݣ±۾̾һ
Զʧգ³çˡ

գɽ򱱺֮λϢз·˽֪
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¡
ľȵͷã׼ã˿ˣաڶ֡
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¾㱸ֻǷ硣


513 ҪȢ

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ľָһ㡭ô֪ģ
³ġɽֽ§뻳УϱӣûĺʢĵȻ⾸ˡŲǰԼڻϿ
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ɽ°ͷͷĦٻ󡢹»ҶԲҪΨ㣬ҷŲҲ᲻÷š
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ɽ
ľȱǼһᣬۿȵҺӿģԽǰˡ
ɽ̾һͷһ£ɵѾͷʲô㲻ҾͲòã


514 ӵı

ľҡͷнͷҡ˲˹ġ
ʢĵ۵ĲɣĻҪ
ðգ
ľƿ˴߰ɣҾ͵û
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ղǻҪϢ㡣
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ľһ
ʢĵ۶˵ĲĺأֻҪһ𣬳Զɷ
ľȱ§ڻУһڣˣǻȫ˶ɾġ
ɵѾͷĵ˶ףһĵġɽĿʲôסѹֵòйһ㣬ġ
ľͷɱҵġ
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ľһΪս㡭䡣
ɽ뵽ʲô˵ͷ̫ĵġ
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ľԥļϢɽ˵һ£뵽Լʢĵ۵ĲɣʢĵȴһǵԸԣҪ׼

գ˿Ĺɽ˿֡
ǵˣ밲µĿл˼Ĩοͻ졣
һ֣صĿŹɽˣ
ѾûʲôүˣԺҵְɡɽһЦ
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ʲô
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ôˣ
ֽݸľȣľȽˣһɨݣҲȻһ䣬ȻЦˡ


515 ڸ

̫ӵҪǺǧǧˡ
˶һۣĪ졣
ɽü΢ľȿ۵Ц⡣
ҹӪĳͻȻˮ´󽫱УĲʡ£ڷУҶǶҪ֮ҪĴ󽫣رĸ֮
ŭӣֵĽʿץʣֻ˸䣬ͱʢĵ۵˽˺˴ȥ˹С
ܼҵùǶȨʢĵ۸˵ĺܣԼʿ˵ЩơСԼ䡢λڷкȾ˵˭֪ȵȥСǷַŻʱѾȥˡǻƣյıȽϿҡ
ʢĵЦӪڲƣ֪ʷҲͰˣʵӦã
Ԭͷ
ʢĵ鼫ã־ͷ˼ʿȥ
̫ʢĵһ䲻ƾ֪һҲĲǡ
һʢĵ۰ٵĶŭҶˣҪĪĸ˱ȨҪ
һϷһ룬ľ©ϢʢĵۣӰһ´˵̫Ӹǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ľԪ޵˹ڴ֮ŭ̫Ӹļū
ľַӴ̫ӸÿƵ˶ĻĪһʱ䣬ⰲƽյСȫûˡ
ʢĵ۴ľԪ˼Ц޵ĳȻѡ̫ӣãǺá
ԬվһԣͷûӦ
ʢĵ޵Ҫ«ʲôҩԬ࡭
ūڡԬӦ
ʢĵ̧ȥ˿ǣʲô춯ʱޡ
ǡԬų鷿ԸˣٻʱʢĵѺ״Ԭŵ̺Ӹʢĵ۸ϣü˳Ŀվһԡ
ʢĵһϼһԽԽ׼⻵Ƣˣ֪ʲôʱ˳޲顭
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ʢĵûٳ

̫ӳԪҹÿĺš
ľȵĵһ仰ʣʲô
ļ̌Լ˳ֶһˮŸĲҶЦЦ
Ԫֱֱ֣ĿľȣЦʲô


516 ľȣ㺦ң

ļ̌ЦĴԪԴܻ飬̧̧Ƥ̫ӵΪЦʲô
㡭
Ԫӹһ˲˦䣬ľȶ棬̫ӽֻһ䣬֪֪ԼʲôҡܼңҲͰˣΪҪ̫Ӹ֪̫ӸƵͷ˼֮ϣҪҴ£
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ԪشЦһвյ߼֮ϣյвˮȥһ
Уľ𣬡Ϊıģȷе˵Ϊս̵Ľ̺
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һһЦЦޱ飬׶һĨ޵ĳ
Ԫ۵ɹȥȴûһ˴
ľߵǰЦЦɽǰľԼԣĿ۳Ԫᡣ
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ľȴӹɽ̽ͷЦЦЩĹٵĺԺսڴǮҵģ
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517 Ų

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սж·֮Ӧ뵽İ˵̫ӵ¼ʮнĪװľͷ̫ãԴɵˣ
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Ԫһȥɽ̧־ʹ֡
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518 ӣ

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Ԫüһʲô
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519 ˮ

ʮպȥաҵ˴Ϣǣһѵʮձܽʥ
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520 ҴС

ա빬һʱʢĵ̫ഫţľһͬʥ
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死һȻ
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ڣΪҴС㣬Եϴȥۻ಻Щԩһ׹

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521 ʲô

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ʢĵĦϵͷŴˣͻȻǽվô˰ɣȻµŮͻصʦɣĻԭռȥպġ
ʢĵüվڰٹλǰ̫ӳԪᣬЦ˵㸮Ŀߵĺ׽
Ԫͫ΢΢һ͵ĳ


531 ̫Ӻ

⻰ʲô˼
̽ǡ
Ȼ߬ľһۣƼһȻӭߣ΢΢ü
Ԫĵ޶˷ŭľȣ
ǰǰ㣡
ǰΪˡΪϦգҲһ㣬֮֮ȥ
񣬿ǵ̫ӣ
δӣʵۣ
ľȣôң
ʢĵԬ൱ȻûԪߣľȣʢĵбȥһۣһϵĶͷ̫ӡ
ڡ
ԪæȲǰӦ̩Ȼ˽Զ˽̸ݡ֪
ԪỰ䣬ľȾĵЦˡ
ûս㣬Ԫٴµͣǡ
Ŷ𣿡ʢĵ۹պģաģ˵Ƶ˵Щʲô
պһ㶣̧ȥ̫ӡ
Ԫἱһͷ鲻ҴȵֻԼסģģװûпպġ
ʢĵٴο̫ӣü֮ѾЩ⣬ԬഹӣëһƬӰ۵׵ֻüͷһ¡
պģʥʻ𻰣
պ͵ջߣڵϣǣءػϣŮŮ񡭡
ɨ䣬Ůң
৵һ
ڼ˳ϵˣĿȫͷĵ͵͵պġ
Ԭʧ̬ĻȻ̧ͷȻĿպġ
ʢĵҲ¶һ˿㵣˶һۣʢĵ۹ЦԬҲ˴¶Ц⡣
ң
ʢĵ۱ЦߵͷǸɣԲʱʱԼ̸ȴӲޡ
ϲŭպһʱ׼ʢĵ۵˼ֻӲͷƤϣǣӺǶԸޡ
ʢĵЦˣպģ㵱ɵӣ
պļ̌ͷʢĵڱԵıؿͷŮңŮҡ
ңҿʲôң˾ɵӣʢĵͻشվץһ๬ŮϵĲյȥ
ž
Ĳյڵϣǡ
ŵڹİʢĵȻЦָ̫ӳԪᣬ˵㲻֪պ˵ʲôҷģʬƷģ㷽˵һٻֻأ
ʣԪ᲻ŵ̧ͷʢĵۡ
ʢĵȴȫȻİЦպĸ֪Ӯң̫ӳģԸ֪ģһ
Ԫһһһ
֪ˣ֪ˣô֪ô̸֪أǲ鷿˵Ļ⣬еĸ֪ģô֪ģ
ô֪ģ


532 պĵķ

ԪὩӲתͷȥľȣȴת˲䷴ӦӲס۹ڵϣʣλ֮⣡ʲŶϳ̫֮λ
䣬һ󾲼š
ʢĵ۵üһۣһ῿ϣ鵭Ȼ˿ʲô
ľ΢üԳԪ˵ʢĵ۷ȥ̫λĻʾȣŻˣԩˡ
Ϊõʱ粻ոպá
ֻʢĵǰ³ƵˣԪĴеˣ
㡭ʢĵӣŽŵĶͷµ亹ˮĳԪᣬЦһΪ޲ң
ԪᴹͷͲףһֲԵĹţͷĺˮԽڿ졣
̫ڣгվŵٹ٣ʢĵۻ˼άˣµ˶ʹɫң㣬ҪƳһͷˡ
һЩͨ͸ĹԱͷģ㲻Ҷ
ʢĵ۵˼ôˣ˭˵µ׼
˵ʢĵ۰ʺ󣬿˵žˣ˵ʢĵϲɣ˫̥˵˺ͱ˺ٵǵ˶ʢĵڵܡˣ˭˵
ǰһܳ죬һµ
ԹŻȨϣ˭ƣ
󣬿ž
ڼˣ˸뷨ԼĴ㣬պȻҲ뵽ʲô
ϥǰͷϣŮ¹ľȵġ
ͻȻ̧ͷסպģǰɺ
պĲбϣĿﻤʮ꣬ΪһΣ㱻ǺޣңһλԪһռͷ״Ԫδ׸ˣһ֮֮ϵ۰ҵ磡һжˣ˻ˣңΪʲôܻ
պģ۾ĴҪһ˶𣿣ŭĿҧ
պĴЦЦᣬҵΪʲôҪ۾˵ľ䶼ʵ
㡭ϱµһ޲ȥϳ⣬֪֪ʲô
ûбһ̸ˣûչľȡҲ룡
պѲܲ˵ĻعͷϣľȲľȣǸסŵĻһӻһεĹ꣡


533 

պģ
ϵɫȻ䣬͵˹ȥסպĵ죬˵˵ʲôʲôϱӣʲôꡭ
ûûС㼱ʲôҵʲôպһƿϣĺˤڵϣȴȥպġ
պĿЦԭҲ֪ˣǲ֪ˣľסһӵĹ
պĻȻתͷľȣЦľȣƼҵĺūţˣŰڣʲôȥˣˣʼŪˣ
ľȵĿպģЩ񷢷ԵѿӣЩ㱡
ȼڵ￴ĻҪᣬü۵ȴȫȻһ
ǻպģ裬ӣȻȣƤۣü۵Ϊ󣬿޶ˣ
ٿ˿̵պģ񲣬ݣмɫΪƵƤԴֲѿüǶľȵĳޣŤļܿ
ѻ٣պġҲˡ
ľһЦռ֮˵Թ֣ǡѻǷ
ԣպĵıһ١
ϴͷϵֻϥϵ֣Ϊ߬΢΢
̧ͷľȣһȽ
ľû
ʺ΢䣬պģˣ̫ϳȥ
ţ
Ļδ䣬ͱʢĵס
ʢĵȤպģ˵סһʲô
ϣ˵ȹĻԣʺƶʢĵЦ
ʢĵüͷššȴһЦǰʮƣͨκΣȪдҾͨôǹպģ˵
ʺһķ·ˮ
ô˵Ȼ´Σɱ֪ЩʿЩָϹٹ٣ĸ˺³ĸǱţ
ճģô˼
պĵ˷ܣľһ˵תͷػϣŮͷ˵ʵ
˵ʢĵüʺһۡ
պӦŮľСһ𳤴ʮһʱΪ͵ĺɣ̷֣ûûãֻˣǰҶܳңǴκ󣬿ҵɱңҸв֮𣬻ҡ


534 ۺ

Ŷʢĵüʵ
պĵͷǣͼֵܽÿ֤ʱľȷʵûϢһյʱº֮Ӵ䣬ǰ鲻ʦͨ˺£رãῪǮʶ˽ˮϵļңԾǵĳЩָơ
պĵĻ˵⣬ʢĵ῿ϵӶһ£бԬһۣԬ̧üʢĵ۵һ£¡
ʢĵͷ˵ȥ
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ʲôˣʢĵ˼ȥԬࡣ
Ԭ룬̧˲ɿľһۣǽˮţмְǣˮһܵ˼ƣǼҵŮǰƿʱΪΪˣǷ¥Ǯ𱣬ҲԸͬߣŹ
һ£ʢĵۣЦǸвŵģʮӦ˭֪λպҧֵֽⱲӣдˡ
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ʢĵŶһ˼ĿպģԬ࣬Ǽʳԣޡ
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պĲ޵Ŀľȣľ۹۱Ǳǹģûд
պһķǧٹ֣δţδģľڴϵļֶǸҸѧģôͻȻͱôôһ֪ô׬Ǯķӣǵһ¥ЩԺӵͼ趼ֲٰģǸҰѾͷôһӶô࣡ϣЩ֤ݰ
˼ʢĵЦʺ󣬡ʺأպ˵ϵֶŮǸĹ𣿡
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Ҹһʣ˵ܱʮɡʢĵƵбʺһۡ
ʺͷõԤУû׽ʢĵԬ࣬ȥʲôʦڼͨʮʣպĵĻɲţ
ʺǰһʲô
Ȼʸˡʢĵпʺʮ飬֪ʺ۰ѪϣһҴУ
㡭еĴ㣬Զʺļ˵
ʢĵۿƺûЦʦ֤ߵľǸôһ̳ѪأȻ£ްôüȻʡ
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Ԭ̧ͷʺԣ䣬ƺ
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ʢĵͯģԣοٹЩ꣬޶Σ㻹ҪΣްѰֶŮѰʦҲһ⣬¹οһңù˳ѣǳЦ
֮ڣ˸ӦǾԼĴڶȣҪǺ޲úҪˡ
أưˣʢĵ۹ŭΣٹˢˢأߺʥ
ʺ˱ۣȥľȣľȳЦЦοȰ棬ùãҲµġ
պĻûôأ
ͨʮƵˣ㣬δ˵Խȥ
ǹùûãùá޲ʱ⵹ʺҧгݣ˫俴ϵʢĵۡ
ʢĵ۲üۼȻŭйԬ࣬ȥˣ
Ԭŷֽ˽Ӧ˻첽߳һ˵һʱڻ
ʢĵ۲͵һʱʦ𣿲Ǿͨ𣿲Ƕ֮᪻ʱڸϵ̫Ҳˣȥ·ɣ


535 ˭⣿

ԬæӦˣתȥ
ʢĵüͷʳָͣûϵͷͷѾĥһӡǡ
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Ҳ㣬ʱ򣬻Щ޿ġʢĵۿԬеĲյ֪뵽ʲôпһ䣬üۼ嵭٣ֽ˲յ
ԬЦſʢĵۺڣô
ʢĵüƳһۣƷƷͷȪˮζǱһζã
ܵʥһ֣ҲūȥˮʢĵüЦ⣬ԬЦ
ʢĵ˾䣬ôȥӵˮʲôʱ򣿡
ǰգ˵ǶɽȪʱΪū͸˸磬ȥһˣûܡԬЦ
ʢĵ۹ЦüĲ㳹ɢ㰡㣬ϸ첲ˣڣҲǰˣ
ǰūĸūȥʥ̽̽·
ʢĵ۴Цյһò裡ã
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ʢĵüͷȻ𣬡һ£ڸʲô
ػϣŮ죬Ųڴļ䣡һ¶պĿ˰ΣȻͷ
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536 Ҳǹ

պȻң˵ʲôҺúõģ㿴ľȣң
ĶǶྫϸһܿè塣
ٹ㿴ңҿ㣬֪ĿС
ʢĵȻԶиۼԬ࣬޾ϸĸһպĵķӦ
ʢĵüεָΪĦ˼Ǿһ¶˭Ĺ
ԬЦӦˣվֱӣ˺ˤ˷ʢĵ۵Ļ
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պֱ˺ü۵׵ľţɫҲҲǹľȲǣ
ľȲǹ
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պҡͷƴҡͷεԺĪĿ־壬۾ȴȻײһдϹɻζͭǮϣ˲ֱˣȻʲô֪ˡ
ģģһꣿ
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ʢĵ۵ͷмֵպ˵Щ棿
ūǲŵġԬףǰĵ£ȻʺοҪʮơ
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պĲŵͷһŷӦְŵأϥǰ˺ԶĲǹǱľݺģ
ʢĵ۰ڰ֣Ԭæˣպĵ졣
պĳ̱ڵϡ

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537 װģ

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ʮСӣΪԼˣ
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۾ϹϹ
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СӣΪ׬Ǯºӣʱ˻ˣȴӴ˳ɵӣ
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Ͻ۾ȥ룬ǰֽ꣬ŽϵȽôģ
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ԲС㣬ԲүԲʺԲң
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̫ӣʢĵһ漴Цȥˣɲ̫Ӽλش˵ľûǰļ䣿
ػϣǣһ»ػţѡ
ʢĵͷԬ࣬ʲôжľûǰļģ
Ԭҡͷū֪磬ʥ뼸
ʢĵһڣ϶Ҫãؼʱ̣ⶼ벻
ϣ⣬ʳľǲǰļ䣡պĲľûǰļ䣬еģ
ʱ˵Ļ
ľװģ
Ȼ֪ôװģ϶װģ
ҪҴ
ùľҲù


538 ȱ

պģ
ϲ˴˿εأպĵķѺ󣬼ûƬԥֹ̳̫Żϵ棬㻹˵ұ죡
Ϊʲô˵Ϊ̫ΪŻϵ棬ҲҪ˵պĿϣЦһⵣĵģ˭ľ˼ҵԼĸף˻ʺùãеʦ游Ϊ˼ﻹ𣿻ռңңһЦˣ
ռˣ̧ⷬͷ
պ˵Ŀ⣬һЦ㿴ǣһģԼԼͣͷʲô˵ž𣡡
պ˵գٲϵˣڵͷϣŮľֳԭΣ
ʢĵüζĿŵպģֳԭΣе˼Ԭ࣬˵պǰǰľȣⱲˣԣ뱨
Ԭ࣬
ūţǡ
ٹ٣ǲ׵¶𣿾ǣʲôܣ
ϡպϣĿʢĵۣ·ֻҪʳ⣬ľһ̾һ¶ʲôβס֮Ƶģ
ʢĵ۰֣׼ˡ
պ˷ܣлϣ
ݿͷӵܵľߣű˫ۣüͷľȣ˵ĹЦݡ
һüľһۣպģǰɣԿʼˡ
˵һߡ
պĺݺݵһһۣľȣˣΪƴ׬Ǯɽԣҧɻǵһꣿ
պģȻֱ̫ں˵ʲôǻĺúõģ
Ů˵Ҷϣ룬ϳȥˡʢĵɫ΢һۣ
Ԭ࿴ϣӦ˦˷ϣ죬´Σϳȥˣ
ϵ˲ڵϡ
æȥס÷˵ˣպѲǵĽˣĻҲģ
ĿպĵĿ⣬ԹƺޣƷŭΣƿֻƾ壬ȴûϧ
֪պѲĽ
ΪһˣƼˣݺ㣬ΪĿĲֶεպģѲŮˣ
˳ӵ̫죬ڵϣһ˫ͨ򶨶ĿľȣĿΡ
ľȵüͷĺܽƺŬѰҴ𰸣ͷĺӻ䣬ɫҲԽԽ԰ס
ʺģſ뻽ľȣУý⡣
ľڿ˿ڣͳ
պĵɴ۾ľȡ
ľȻ͸绹ĺúõģɡҵ͸硭
ôܣ֪ģƿûӣ˼澣սվˣһֱսգսԭǸɵӣˮ󣬾ʹˣĺܴҽ书ǸѧģĸѾߣ£裬ƣһ㣡ľȣ˵㲻֪
㡭˵սˣˮˡľȵĶͷĸˣɫ԰ӾҲ
һɫ䣬ϣˣȥλӣһɵӵġ
ʢĵ۵ָɿûͷպļа֣ˣΪֹɣľɵˣʺҪҼˣǰɣʺ󣿡
лһ˿Ѫʺл
պĻģϣľװģ϶װģǰ˵һ仰˵
һͣ˻ζͭǮĶִ̧˸ָľȵͻȻһ٣˫峺͸
ϡľȹأ֤ף
÷˵˵һ仰ò˵ʲôʢĵͻȻ
˵˲ۼľϡ
ٹֱĨպû˵ҪթľȰ
ľȵͷ桭
˵ţתͷȥպģ˵ʲô
ſҶ߸˵պͻȻҧ޺޵˵ǰɷ򣬺δĺӣɤӣֽŽڵΰ꣬ԣҪң׸˳ңʮ겻ܲμӿƿ㺦ӡ˵㲻ǵã
ľ峺ҡͷҲǵ˵Щ
㡭ѣպָ̧ľȣѣ˵һͼļЩǮҲݺҸľȣ㺦Һòң㺦ôҡ
ľȱδתʢĵ񣬡ϣˡ
ʢĵĿľȣȻЦˣããã޵ĳȻǱԩġ
ϳģ³һۡ
ʺһ˵أ̤ʵˡ
˰պԻڣаȥȱУ


539 飿

ʢĵۻ䡣
͵ۣ۾ԲͻƼޣŵĿպģ˹ڵأͷϣ
պĻڴУƺû뵽ʢĵ˵ɱɱһ粵Ļᶼ
ֱԬ˷̫ʱȻعУϣŮǱԩģһжľȸĹľȣϣŮͣϡŮ˵ľ䶼ʵľϱӵļ䣬̫ӹᣬв̫ӣΪҷϷѰϡ
ž̫ڣײǽϣַȥƴٹٵĶĤһ˵Ļ꣡
ԹԸպĵӣȻ̫ô£һ̫ӡҡ϶ǣȥ
ʢĵ۵鶸Ȼˣ꣬Ԭ࣬˵ʲô
Ԭഹףϣ֮ˣЩ֮򲻿ɵ档
˵ʲô˵ʢĵɫ쳣
Ԭɿɨһۣӣպָϳ̫ӹᣬв̫ӣΪҷ
ʢĵ俴պģڼбһһ⣬ʲô˵ĳڵģоȻĪһɿУ¶ŹֵЦݣãõĺܣʦǵʦѾͷܽŮ
⻰ǽպʦ
˵һȥĬĬүӡ
үһʦȻǳδʢĵ۵Ļ䶯ֺ
ʺʢĵһǻȥʦȻǵʦȻô̳ܽ
ٹ뵹һ
ʺҧ֣һ˫Ŀ°ĵλ
ʢĵŭӭĿ֪ΪΣûȥ
ʺЦһ˦ӡ
ϥмڵϿͷϣպϧһϡ
ʢĵʲô񣬱һɤֽ˻͵˦䣬˵ϧ飿ϳȥȱУ
պĵ̫æӦץպϵٶԽĿ졣
ϣϡŮ
պĴţʢĵĲͷԬ࿴ۣ죬ϳȥ
̫Ӧһסպĵ졣
պһӵĻֻʣžֵĵɴ۾ͣġ
ٳһ˲䣬ľȡ
ǡʱպģ˳Ŀ⿴ľȣ뵽ʲôϥйȥľȸǰȿ˸ͷȽĴԲ㣬ԲС㣬ԲңԲʦﲻԭֻ㿴ʮҲĴķϣȾáȾպģﲻ
ﲻ
ľĬŹǰϣֻޱİ
ļǵãڵΣ֧꣬ģǼˣΪؼңȴԵֻʣͷĵ͸磻ΪӣϹ˫ۿϹ˫۵Ϊץ㣬ɵӵĵܵܣû˿ܣ˷ӹߵСá
ЩˣЦòԺ̽ĹͷΪǣŹѰİ꣡
ȴϣİ
ϱӻûüףⱲ̫ˡ
ľȱ˱ۣۣѱס죬Ƚպļκ๼㲻ҪϵĻ
ռˣȴһ˳
죬һԵһ߬ס󣬶ҡҡͷ죬ٶ
ˮǾĿľȣƴҡͷ
ʢĵţϷһżˡ
ʺ߹ȥľһߣϣﲻպʲô£Ƿ֪ôȽģǶ֪Ƚ粻֪˼ٻأˣԲ׼ͷȥ˵𣿡
ʺˡŮСæ
ʺһЦͻȻЦŮУһŮУǰŮУǰһ̷ڣһ̻ǻպģǰŮУ
ۿͨ죬¿ͷǷ޵ĴǶԲ𡭡
ˣҲȱǵĶԲ𣡡ʺ˪ľߵһߡ
ϵĿ⻹ľϣʺǰüͷûһ£ȴڿʺľȣʹӣⶼûиԼʱ̱ڵأлૣȽ֪ˣ֪ˣȾĽ
÷ҪˣĽõûǣҾ壬ѾǿˡȰ
ҡͷôһŮû˰


540 ͷ

̥ʮ£һһιԵŮû˰
²Խ̣
ˣǿ԰¹صܹǻţ
ڻҪȱ˰
ǸΣҲûã˰˰ĺӰ
ҪôĿԼ׹ⱻȱУ
ˮһƬѪ죬ȴִֵĿľȣ
ʺߵס
ľȰվ
±ȣãĵĿľȣľȷһЦ
ʦοһЦ
ŮѪŮ
ʢĵͻȻڣ˵պĸò
ʺȻһĿ濴ʢĵۡ
ʢĵͷζɨʺ󣬼飬ұһǲ󣿡
бŷϣĹâ֪һƿٴϥеľߣͷȽǧҵĴ͵ңȾպģҸͷ
ڼʺҧ
Ԭ̧ͷѵʺ
޷ʢĵ۰֣ü۾Ȼ˼Ц⣬ʺûй޵ˣվΣʺԳں
ٹ٣
оʺ˻ϵס
ʺһȻӦһ亹
ôʺŷӦʢĵüЦҲ֮飬Ͼҽеһ˿Ѫϧ
ʺĿһϧʲô
ϧʢĵϵЦһʺϧǵĺȳҪϼ£Ӧǳı硭
ʺһɫȻ԰ףһ˱ۣۣѹƽмλӣһӲ࣬һ٣
֪һֱҪĶӣʢĵڵĴվΪ˼ҳ֣ʼף̫ӣôʵۣ޶ƻˣǡ
߷ߵָʺЦмַģ㡭ɱ
ɱʺЦֽģ˭ɱ˭ݲҪҵٹٵ棬˵𣿣ڼҸң𣡡
ٹ٣
ѽʲô͢ţܿ룬ľ׮
ʢĵͻȻϨֱֱĿʺ⣬ȴαˣôˣ㻹ǲԭҡ

̫⣬һУʢĵ۵˲
Ԭͷǰūȥǰպĵ˴򣿡
áʢĵ۰֣˹ľȸǰһۣǹĨЦţݲ۾ݲħ֣
ϵӸŵĲҽ΢΢ţһ£ҽԽӶԽӡ
ľȴͷŽϵ廨Ь
廨Ьĸģһһ߼{õǧףֻĻһֵֻϲȵ÷֦ͷϣ˼ƬѩӦֺÿ
ĸΪְ˵Сæ㾡ȫΪϧҴӲ㳯͢λ֮ļǣ
ľȱ˱ۣ˳һ³۾ŵϻڲͣͷϣ飬ˡ
Ƚ
ȳģϣ
һҡͷɣ
Ҳ˲ľ棬ͷҡ˹ģȽպļκ㣬뺦㣬㲻ҪẦģ
歽ĸһԺֹ正ȴһ۶û
ү̫̫һɣү˼ţû˵ֻŸʺؿͷ
ʺܵһߣľȣľȳһЦʺȻ̾Ϣͷʲôȥù
ľۿһȣ͵͵һǰڵϣպһ
ʢĵû뵽ľȾȻΪպ飬һЦˣͷɻǻɱġ
ģǻؽˮǻʮկʮկңǧϼֿЦͷڵ졣
ʢĵüľȡ
ľȵȻױɱվͲվ̫ˡ
պս𣿡ʢĵ۹ЦǷʲôߣ֣ͳ仰ӦˣպĴʮӣǳ飬šȥлл𣿡
ǲպĻؽˮ˼


541 ֮

ԣʺһ˫Ⱦ˪һء
ʢĵü۽Ц⣬ߴʺһӶ
ԬӦ˻߳պĴʮӣŽͣպĻ
պһȹѱѪȾ죬Ӻ󱳵βȵλȫʺѪһ׵ûһ˿Ѫɫͷĺˮ·մˮ̳
ϵڣһѶ£պſڵϣ٣лţ
͵˹ȥȥպģ֧һȦȴҲֵĵطպβȹˣæ˿˼̫¾պϸǡ
Ľô
ľȿĸŮǰ·ӰصֻɵǸˣ
ѹǰجоѣϱһչţĸζĺţΪĸⰡ
ľգգۣգȥ۵׷ĵĿʺչһЦ
ʺպĸŮ֣ǣߵߣ£Ƚˡ
ºۣƴͷ
ʺץľȵ뽻£űߵȴͻȻ֣һƿʺʺ󲻲죬Ƶһģľۼֿ죬˸סˣ򡭡
ʺ󣬵ٹٵˤɾΪڸˡ
ʲô¾һסֵ֡
µɭſңҲҵС㣬ҲǵʦŮƾʲô˵䣬Ҿˣƾʲô
ĸײң򡭡
ͣͻȻ͵һƣ˫ס䣬ҲҲǶƭҵģǶƭҵģҲŲģҲǡ
ﾭסôƣ˾һ˲ȥľȸʺվȣۿµ˼˾˹ȥ¡

ľƺһ޴ĳǶʹ̣ɫʱͰ׳ֽƬ
Ƚ
ʺɫ䣬ǰס죬𶪵һߣȥ¡
Ȼǿľ˹һĻʺʱˮ
ȽôۣǲǱʺƼľɫԣصơ
ľۣһĨЦҡͷû¡
ȽĿᣬֶڶۣôôɵʲô
ľ죬򴽰꣬Ǹطؽۿµĵɫˣżһ֣
ﰡ
ϱһﶼûȴΪеף
ⱲӸΪԾͷЩɥװ
һﺰ·ѹŵĸ鶼õô̲סˣһ֮󣬺Ԥ׵ıӿȽˡ
ڣصߡ
ġ
ҵĺӰľȺһ㶣ٿľеˮҲƲס뻳Уˮĵҭ
ʺӵһˣĿˮӯЦ⣬ˮ٣ӳһɫܰʱ⡣
վһԣ㶵ģŵģűһĸŮϻдţҲǵʦŮҲǧС㣬㲻ǣôǣһС
ſſҵģҵġ
ȥ붯˺ʺһץסקӲϵĽ˶ǰˣʦ׷Щ£Ҳʹ˽ᣬǸЩȽĻرʦҲãҲգռң⾡ǡպ󿴺һŮٳˣһΣǿɾûôˣ
˭ǵŮҲǣľȲǣպĲǣҵ游ȡģҽҸһաӵ״񲡣
պۣѪˮ¶Цݣȴ񣬡ľȻһ죬Щ͸ǣһʲô
պģ
ߥ޵Ļϵһ˫ͫ׼̳ȣұ죡ͱ죡
ΪʲôҪ죿ҪľȣľĺúõģأպЦҲһˡһ㡭
ɱľȡ˫۷ֱૡ
պѪˮݣЦԣɱ
ǰһڣʹȥ̧һƴպģİպĿһۣӦȥ


542 ϷĳЩ

һָŻȥպĴУˣ
죡ϱ˱ۣۣ
һֱֱĿϣһŻع񣬵һӦȻִ̧˹ȥУȻҺң
ž
ϵᵽһߡ
ͺһַסϣ÷ô
ҡͷǰݰٿڵѧպģһ䣬ծ
һε
һ˫۲Ѫ˿̧ͷ㡭ôҶ֣ﰡ̥ʮ½¡
ޣ£ŲǸߣˣūšš
ڿտ̫ص
ٶȳߣС󣬡һصʦɣҲҪǻȥŮ
÷ĸסҡͷ
ܣеҲģģʦôǮһ𡭡
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ľĸ׵֣㲻Ǹ˵գö㵱ߥ¹ƶʱôûƣҲ
ߵߣѹյߵŲţǰЩֶΣһһһ飿
Ȼɴ۾㡭㲻ң
Ϊմ֮£м˸ңľȻ䣬˺һ̧ļͷЦĸ۰ŮȥûдСĴʲôί
㶵Ŀľȣûش
һסľȵ֣յЩ
ʺĸŮģĵ̾һü΢䣬΢ӴĹͷżӢӣůů̫Ϣ
ϿϷʢĵۣէʺЦգ˲ʧ񣬻뵽ʲô˱ۣȻҡɢ
ΪңͷЩΣԬ״ǰȥʥϣôˣ
ʢĵһƿȥʺѻָЦĿ
ʢĵĪЩʧ䣬ӻ˻ȥһ˫ۻЩ͵Ŀĳһ㣬ŷſЩʱõķ·ξһŮɽ˺ģؾ쳤ͷϡ
ʥϡ
Ԭడ޷ˣ˳ɡʢĵ۴ƤԬ˰֡
Ԭһʥϣһ¡ûۡ
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˵գͣһ˲ֵڵʦʮ꣬ǶԸᣬڵʦ
ռѪйŮŮı֣ԺͼھΪЧɡ
˵꣬վߡ
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ˣ
ֻͷβϿϷɢĸо
ٹ㿴ңҿ㣬ˢˢȥеաʦˡ
ʦЦſһȦˣѰŮպͣóʽڣףλʱ͹⡣
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ȥ𣿻֪ˣ᲻ᰵº֣Ǹɶι
˴ЦŻ˾䣬ʱʱ䣬һǰʱûʱͲ˵ˡ
˺ҵ˽֮׷׻ƵĻôˣȻûһظģҲʵΪˡ
ʦЦЦλˣȻѧ峵ڵ㶼
ˣ
࣬ϻЦ̫ˡ
࡭
֪˭ĶӽһӦһ㣬ڣ˷Ĺ
ȥͷѾбˣ
һûԷǻôվûεǡ̫ˡ
ҪȥСԬ̫첽߽ּ֪ͨŷ׼λ֮г
˵գЦеܵľߣʺѹʺȥУ˵ҪţùڵţȥźŰɡ
ȥҹôʺ˲ȥ
СԬ̫ȥľȣľҡͷСԬ̫ΣɥūҲֻ֪ūعȥ
ʺûգ
СԬ̫ͷĺ˲ȥľȡ
ľȻûڣѾȥɣҴȽؼң͸ɩ֪Һ͵Ҫڼұţֻǹء
ؼң
ң
õʡ
ʺһ죬ľȵͷúõģ游ȥ֣صң游㣬Ǹܺúܺõ֡


543 ؼ

Խ㡭
ºۣ˿ʣһģȽϲġ
ʺЦŵͷˮⲨһƬٷʢľľȶߵ鷢ķԺ󣬡úӣؼȥɡ
ľĵһֱסʺùãңؼҡ
˵գɿʺ󣬳üۣЦա
ʺ۾Ц⣬ģһͷãùá㡣
ʺһ˺ʦ
ʦǰͷ
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û˵һ֣ӶԷ۾￴˶Է˵Ļ
ʢĵ˻һҪʲôǶ֪õģǾ䣬£
ʺȥСԬ̫೯ʦľ񣬼æȥ
ٹĿʺԶǼߵʦǰϲʦǳǳӦš
ľȿ̫ӳԪᣬԪͷ麹ľȵĿ⣬ɿɨһۺ󣬶һߡ
ľ򴽣üЦתʱϣӵĿԼ
һ˲ջߡ
һ͵ĿȽǻؼˡ
ؼҡ
ľȵЦȥµĸ첲ȴײһ򣬡߿Ӳã㡭
һ㶣ۿҪײľһתϱ˲סµһԣһץգǰȥڵϡ

¿һۣüĿЩᣬľ֣μӺ㣬ߡ
ǡԥһ£뵽ʲôֵͷģߡ
ľЦЦҪ˵ʲô󣬴ѹֵĵͽУȽ
ľתЦ正歱㡭
歿Ųˡ
ҴĸŮ˼һ正
ľ΢΢̾Ϣȥ£֣ȥɡ
ľһů˵ĸŮģȻǰ
ɿ£ߵү̫̫ǰ¡
ү̫̫æӵÿȽʹã
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̫̫æȥȽܰǣǳʲôˡҵļҽ㸸׵Ӹͷġ
ʹáүҲ֧Ȱ
ľЦȥһԵ˾뽭ĸľ˾˺ͼã˶ȥռˡ
ү̫̫ɫҰףˣӶڲͣ£岮Ҳֲ̿ľȳЦЦЩĵĿֹ΢ͷµµת˼أľüɫЩ׵Ԭš¡
ľȳǵ˵ͷûȥϵ˵˱𣬷¸ʦ̫
׺ϻͷҲûأܳ˵
վߣ۾Щ죬˳䣬磬ǡǻǡһȥջ
ȥүӣүӰڰ֣ǻǵǻؿջ
̧үӣĽ
үƺ˵ʲô˫ɱҳȥͷպϧ㵨ȥȽҴ̽


544 

ͫŵĿүӣĽдҲһ̥ʮ£ģұ֤ˣҾʹ̻ؽˮ򣬻ʮկҿһӲ
үӵδһ̻⣬ϵĻԽ࣬÷ݣʲôʸȥȽ
󣬡
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歵ͷүģ֪ġ
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üֺЦԽ̫̫ȥϣɩ
һץƼѪ˿ͷңɫ԰ףȥǱ΢̾һɨۻպģҡҡͷﲻǾô֮أɩǴϽѰɡ
ŻѪ㲻ҲҪȥġ
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545 Թ

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ȴûĽЦŵūżܣСɳƺһӣ⼸λǵʦϵĽãӣӣӣԺСҲˣСģǼźС㡭
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546 Ϸ˽Ů

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553 

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554 

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555 

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556 

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558 

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ʱù߬źһֽƽ͵Ľ˻ʺ޹źʺޣڴϣ˻ʺ


559 Ϊ

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561 ɽ


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ֹȴʲôû˵ϴѣ˯£ߵſڣݺݴ˼Ŵ򿪹ţɫƽȥ

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ʢĵЦһӸվ̨ϣκθĿ˿ڣôҪƹı
˻һ̫˲侲ˡ
ǵأأأ
ԣվӵٹɫˣ亹ֱð
ڶһЩӦٶȼ죬ʢĵۻ䣬ϴ󳼿ͷģϳңϳĹΪ˻ϣΪ
˴ͷʣµ˶׷׸͡
ϳһƬģΪ˻ϡ
΢Ĳؿɼ
Ĺ¿ѣ
ϣΪΪ˻ϰ
ʢĵЦԬ࣬Ԭǰһʥϡ
ȥ治ТҵĶѺ
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۳ԬŲɿ˴ʶصĴ鶼һˣһסڱĵͬһ߰ȥʢĵֺڣŭĺε
ڣְܿ㿴ңҿ㣬
ʢĵϣŵ˱ȥɫЦ


562 Ӧ

ͬʱõ̫ڣʢĵ۴ŭٹҪƹı£
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ƹıôʺһ۵ͷϣʲôĪеɱҿǷˣ
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ЦһԣбԣأҪҺĵ
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ıʿԼĻãĨ˶ͷһѺּĹٴվܼҪǶǸ£ϺүںֻҪȵģȫˣû޴ӷ䣬һ־ʤˡ
£˵
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۹

游˼ǡйأһϮۣɫԴĿ鰸ةࡣ
ةף˾Ųʮ
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ҪĲʲôߥ㸸ʲôة̧ź룬ȴ
ΪʲôҪôɫʲôô
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ͷȴûةĻϣܼԩ޳
⻰˵һͷةüҡҡͷ
Ůģ룬Ǹܼԩ޳𣬵бͼ


563 

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ةҡͷ֪
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ܼƼҴڼҳԹɽһӣȴˣλԵܼҵĶ֣Ȩһڹмûнõɣʺͬˮ𡭡
ԣôĿʲô
˶ӣ¶󲻽֮ɫ
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ةһۣ游
ȥɣС£㸸ʹϲʾҪʱбҪֶΡةඣ䣬Ƭֵ̣Ҫ㣬ʲôȷ𣿡
һü۶˼࣬ͷ游ģ֪ô
ةĿȥƤʼͣ˲ͳȥ鰸ǰãͻȻ͵˫۱ˣˣ׼Ҫ̽
ү
ة࿴ǰĹܼңЩҰգĽŲ˰̣֣ⲽص鰸ԣ£ˡ



ڴ⣬üԷȳ䣬̧ţһͬ˵
ٹٵʹͷȴעλӵľٶ
ߵʣ꣡
μʣ꣡
ʢĵ̧ӣڹĹؾصϣ˲ĵͦء
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ҽ̵Ŀãֲ׵ˣ
ʣң
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ʢĵۺǺЦʲôǲҵģǶߥٹΪˣһǲࣿǲǾҪˣǺôĹ

Ԭ΢΢£ɿɨʢĵһָֻۣ糣
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ʣԩ
һۣаʢĵ۹Ҫǰ봹ͷߺԩ
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ϳĹ
ʢĵЦģҵҵȨƣǹ»ĵĸٻ
ϡ


564 ʢŭ

飬Ⱦ޶İ
Чҵǻϰ
ʢĵɨߺĵĴ˲䰫ӣͷ͵͵Ĵϡ
ǶɵѲɵɵģֲʲôңʲôǼ飿ʢĵЦ
ŵ˺󼹱ʪ͸ˣ˭˭ˣǽջˮǰҲûôɹôξͱʢĵ۾סСӲˣ
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ôˣɱڣʲô
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ộ
ԣһٹ˵䳰ȷӴҳžҪǸ۵ʱˡ
ᵳӪ˽Խ󹬣ͼƹı̳ȥ֮ջطţбȨְ񣬽ڻӸټ
ʢĵۻɨڵϵӣ˫ûһ˿¶ȣдһڵıԿ⡣
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˭û뵽һ̽ôͱ˷ţûȨ
ʢĵʲô
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Աʮ˴ģοչ
ͼԴʢĵۣȴû뵽ʢĵ۸ĺ⡣
ôЩҵĶҪ˲ɣ˸ϳ⣬ҹʢĵ
ڵĹԱ˲ڵأʡϣ΢ҡ
뿪飬æס۳ʢĵ۱ŭ֮£ԼҲȥģտڲԲܱ֮٣
ʢĵȴŹǣָ̧̫⣬Ԭ࣬ȥЩ˶ϵȥǵ֮ǰ˭ۣ
ԬæӦŵһ̲ĹԱϡ
Աϡ΢Ĺ΢̷Ȼʣ
ڰˡ
ɫѿȥһº͵ϵıѿĽ
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ȥģıߣ굱ֶһ۰岮ʢŭʢĵۣҧҧϥǰһ뿪ڣһԵһ£


565 

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͸ɱ⣬֣Ҫˣ
Ųһڣһ̾ҽɱ㣡촽䶯ص
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ĬĬ
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ǡ
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нųģдϵק˸ǰӵ˵ϣ˿˼һƷƷĴԱ·𶪵һ˵Ĵײˡ
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ٹٿľս
ɫ
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ˣҲڰ㡣ȥڰԼʱȥ飬ֻŭ۵ң
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ջߣУϴβѽ͸Ѫһֽ٣Լǲˡ
Ԭյʢĵ۶ߵ䣬ʢĵɫѿվͣˣͻȥ޸ǰ
˵գתߡ
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һۣ׸ơ


566 Ӯ

ôǻ
Ϻүü
˦ۣڷŭôԱ˵ǱƹıּǷţڸУҪЩ˶ղܵĲǶһ죬ͱ̫⣬ֻʣһҪŪ̫˵
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ûһϺүһ˫ɱҧһһֵĶٵҪôҪôܹˣҲҪڲˣǻӣұϴǿ̫ӦңδĻʵӦң¶Ķ֣
ϺүһڱصãԶ˶񣬿ʵô˵
û飬˵ҪȥͷҲ㣬Լʱ乲ͬǡ
£ةฮĹˣ˵ҪҪ˵⣬췿ţ
ϺүһۣϺүͷȥô˵
ף̧ų˷䡣

۹
ɲ˯ϣһӸ߽һԵĸ߼ϣ˱̺ϡ
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֪ԴСû˺˾һѤڣӣȴһأѿήŵΨһĿģǡ
ǰװᵹһ
ҧҧֹסĵǹɺ⣬ҪɣϤ˵
۾һùãȥ롣


567 һ

һɣϵҲͲ٣ЦӦһǡ
ʱһǰһ̽ͷ̽ԵСŮ֣ˣһ߸ţʺǽ˶۹ֱ˵Իȥɸ̵ʲôźǻϣʹҪҲÿ˭ɣ䣬ùȥưɣ
һ߹ĳùЦʹ˸ɫ˸ơ
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ùæңл
ϺСɳ㣬æȥҪЬնӣȴһֻһ£۵㣬ӳźĺָףѪһĺ졣
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֣ܼҵֵóѣʢĵ۱زȻּģټˣ˭ʵۣͨмؽڣǶ䲻ºãǹȻûʲôҪģǱļˡùõ㵽Ϊֹ
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á


568 

䴫Ů뷼͵͵Ľ̸Ŀ΢ת֪뵽ʲôɫ٣͸죬ͷùתʺ£һ׵׼һġϲ
˳㣬ùòɰ̾ҺʺﲻǶ֣ϻۣǶ֣֪Ҫ༬֡
ùãڵָɣ˰ΣϷŻת
䣬ϣŴĹ⾰߽ûͷȴЦ㵹мԽֵļˡ
һ죬һۣеİˣһ٣Żˣ
û̳Ҳûʣ˱̺ɸס˫ȣһԣ˳ɵĿ⿴Ŵ⣬˵˾䣬ūҲˡ
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ΣͻȻ˵ôһ䣬ǰʲô˼ڶˣȴѻزȥˡ֪Խŵձӻڲڣձˡ
˶촽ȴ֪ȰԼС㡣
ɱ˱ۣƺûרŵȷش˼ۣѻָ糣ЦŷʺջʹͶ䡣
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С˵ˣſƣ˵꣬һͷģ۹ȱľˣһС£κκۼġ
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򴽣ūϢԽšձˣߣˡ
ϵЦһһ˲ЦݣԽиˡ
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죬˵ʲôɵģ˶٣ʲôû˵ת˹
ȹֻʣһˣѰ㵹ϣۡ
ԺٰЩʱĻ棬͵ۣشʹҡҡͷҪҡɢЩ£Щ
ȴͽ޹
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֪˶ãɫһŶ룬һ칬ѵĹŮЦŵɸǰ񣬡Ҫūҵ֣ҵˡ
˲


569 

̧ɨ۱ĹŮƽպûдڸеһСŮЦһЦ
ڸܲע񣬵ȻҲõıαװ
СŮǰؿͷūߵǧꡭ
ɡ̧֣ʲô֣ˣʲôʱĹƽʲôģ
СŮսЩųȥѰı׵Ц
ЦСŮ֣ǸܺƵˣú£Ĵ󵨵˵ء
ţллùáСŮ׳˵ӣͦͦСظһ̧ͷĻū澺񣬽ʮ꣬ǰĹƽոŽѧϰߣĶ࣬˼ɣߵϲ
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ЦСŮһѣˣˣܲץסͿ᲻¶ˡ
𣿹ùãСŮϲͨһڷ£ллùá
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һʱЦ
СŮͻȻӦת˿ͷūĵģūֻлùøūᣬǧ﷼ùá
бȥһۣСѾͷǸ֪жġ
СŮһ١
ӹ֣ҷˣ°ɣǮԼȥʮȡ
Ȼ̧ͷʮū澵ֶҪˣū澰ɡ
ȥСŮ֪Ϊδ
СŮɪɪū澡֪
⼸գȶڱź򡣡ͻȻζһЦȻ̧֣ȥɡ
СŮЩ֪룬ȥݺݵӵߡ
СŮżæˣ׷ϷҪһ˦ߵ⣬ҺİߣȻݺңˣ
ָմӵڳ㺬ŭǿʱ˲ٹˣԶԶ
СŮ۽ͣùãûУҲǡ
ûʲôûе溦ңûҵĽźĻ᣿㺦ұ𷣴ұʮȣҶ˰ǮҶ˹ùõݣ㻹˵ûкңĹεĶҿô
ùãҲǹġСŮסݺ˦
㲻ǹģ㵱ɵӣ˵ǡ


570 Ϸ

СŮˣƴҡͷ
һڣ̧Ŵ󲽳ȥè޺ӼٴȱһҪȥ췣ûϷ
ȷԶһȺСŮ̫඼Χ˹ô£ùôô𣿡
˷ùýźĻ᣿
ΪʲôҪùã
Ѿͷ˵ôֻ֪ޣ
Ƕˣûùøղ˵ĻǿеСѾͷѾ˷ùõλãǻһһѾͷĽУ³Ϊһù𣿡
Цһˡ
жʱһ
˲һµһСŮ񶼲һˡ
СŮҡͷģֻǡ
ģᷣùôأЦλŮƲ죬ùÿǸһ˶
˵ţ´СŮҲǸֶεĻ满
СŮһ٣ݺɨǹŮһۡ
ǹŮָ̧ǿСҿҪСİ
ˣ
СŮԩңûУҲǡ
ǲôǰҲеùģû˭һͰѷùøߵģ˵ǲǣǹŮ
ͷŲҲ˼СŮԶԶġ
СŮίĺĨᣬ˵ûоûУǰŲţ
˵գŤͷܻԼС䡣
ǹŮ˸ۣƼ˰ɣǴһ۸ˣ˵ôݺùõģ
㿴ңҿ㣬
Ӽ䣬֣һ㲣ۻԼ䡣
һһСĸǹŮ˵ҰλóҲ˯Ĵ̣Ƿ仹λ𣿡
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ҡͷߵĴŮˣ˵СһЩһҡ·ٺСҪġ
ʱһݡ
ǹŮͷ˽УвӦģԹӦˣԻݡ
ҹкСŮͽźߣΪһ˫֣˫壬ĦǵɵϲϾ˯ɴµĽ̤ϡ
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룬˿졣
ûգǡʢĵ۹źʢĵţʢĵǰ۹꣬û߳žѪ


571 ˭

Ԭ󾪣סȥʢĵۣ̼ҽ
̫ҽԺҽҴҸɫʢĵۼ̱ڵأһж֢״˭ô󵨣ڹжԻ¶
жôжʥôǵǿҩԬ༱Ĵ𣬡һ޾ʥһζʲôǶϽģ
ҽ˲ǰֵ̫һһۣð亹ԬȥҩжϢ򲻿ɴȥ
Ԭۣ˵ˣ۹´Χס˵̧ɨ۲Զ̻̲ɣﱻ˶ʥϵ壬Ҫ۹ף
ɻȻ̧ͷԬ
Ԭ̧֣С̫࣬ȥǾ£ʥ֮ǰκ˲۹һ⣬ѽʥ۹ĳʳסˣй˶ԺŸʥʥϲѣ˭Ҳ
ǣԬС̫ɫ׵ˣȴ򶨣˷ԸӦȾܡ
Ԭҽ䣬˻̻̲֮ɫһԾźµĺ߹ȥݺһϣˣϵʳ㾭ֵģ˵ʲôʱµĶµʲôҩ
ûСūûСĿ壬ӾҲţɵʻ˹ȥסɵ˫ȣūԩģūʲôûūֻǰķԸϲơūôҼӺϣū澻мˣǸūĵӣūҲҰһҪңҪū澣ңҰ
ԩʲôûЦһӸ۹ٴΣź˶ٴΣôӺƫҪӺһźϵ㣿
ҡͷֲ̿ѣҡͷظū澲֪ūʲô֪ūԩģԩġ
Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪ֪ͻȻһЦս޺Ĵ΢˫ɱֱ֮ƺ۵ס
һ͵̧ͷͫۿɼľ촽˼㡭ǡ֪㣿㣡
ɻϸָָϵޢᴵһڣԬҵҩˡ
Ԭʱ߳ҩ
ɵָųڰЦݣ׿ڳϣ˵ڻʳ˶˭ˣԬԼ飡
Ԭ
죬ȴʲô˵һ̱ڵأ׹ѡ


572 γܲࣨ1

˵
Ԭʹ˸ʱܹ̫࣬Ťסĸ첲˰ס˵ҩģһȫʬаԣŲʥ壡
ҡ֪ҡͷǯƣȴ̫ڵϣū澣ɣڻʳ¶ݺң
Ԭɡ
۽մˮţ㶥˷ȱźû뵽㡭Ȼݺ
˵գʲôɫȻһףˣǱҾܾǣһ̫棬ԡһ˫񣬳˱Ҫ˻ϰô˼ԬһҪ࣬һ׹
ˣ㺦ңĻ£֪˭ˣǹģϻƽߣҪҵֺ˻ϣԩӣŴ
ƴԬɣɶԻϻģ޻Ϻӣһ˫Ļ֮ˣԬ
Ԭڶɨӣ𽥱䣬ǰһŲںδһϣĥţ㣬ҩģ
ۣ
Ԭ಻Ϊ¼Ӵ˵
ū澲֪ʲôҩݺݵɵķ򣬡µģҩǣ
ײĲᣡԬˣȥ̣ʲôֶΣһҪʳҩ䣬֮͡ˡ
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Уūԩģ߸ū澵ģµĶ϶֪ҩĶԬ
˱⣬Ԭۿɣɽվԭأ΢Ƴ欵ķţţŹ⣬沿飬ֻƼ۵̺챡΢΢ţ΢ЦƳƿϷ
Ԭ뿪ڵ˼һ٣סܾˣȥùýźϢ
Ӧˣȥҷ
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Ӧǰȥ
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ĵỽ
תͷһ֣Ͷ˲һԽ˲


573 γܲࣨ2

ûʱýĲýģˡ
Ԭ࿴ŰֽϵĹʣ¶һȻ˵ĻȻ飬̧۱̫ҽΧŵʢĵۣж˼ֿ
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̫ҽǶһۣüԬϵĶȲˡ
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ҩҩͯ˽ҩֹȥʱҩιʢĵۿС
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ҩܷҩЧԬ̫ҽ
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Ԭһ˹Ů˸ɾˮźڴߡ
ʱδʢĵ۾ˣһϺӴϲһԬ࣬Ŵؿʼ¡
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ֻǣζ
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ʢĵֻµذθ˸ɾ֭˳һ׵ģĵشϡ
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̫ҽأ̫ҽô˵ɻã
Ԭӵһ٣СԬȥô£ϢǷЩôҵģ


574 γܲࣨ3

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Ԭ໹Ҫʢĵס˭泳£
Ԭһ٣˼ɤӣüͷĽģʥϣǰ̫ԵЩ
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ʢĵӣԼ˫ֶһԬࡣ
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ԬྪͨأʥϢŭ̫ҽ̫ҽ죬ʥ
̫ҽǰʢĵûˣէʢĵѪȶˣԬУæ˲ۣʼһ˶ͷһ亹
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ԥһ̽ӹ˻ôʱ䣬ض˼ãҲѻָж֮ǰ״ˡ
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575 γܲࣨ4

ʲôǣʢĵбһۣߣԺö͹򣡡
ʥϡԬĨ۽۾ģū¼ˣôǿ׳壬һο˴ˡ
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۹⣬ٹٻڽŽһҪʢĵۣ۹ıɱϣ𢣬Σɽ
Ԭ߳ʱһ٣뿴Ԭüۣͣϵ
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ô޻Ƕܾȣʢĵۻǰ
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ʢĵ۾Ӹ£۲ǵ飬ŭѣô˵ˣǲǽźҪԸˣǵ˵
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ʢĵЦˣúúãǲ˵ڲ˵ԺҲ˵ˣˣ
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ʢĵۺǺȥЩ˶޼ʲôλжˣ嶼Щһһͷ©ˣ޵ҪǵܻǶ٣
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˷׷׺ԩʱӰٶȼĴܽ۹Ԭ΢ʥϣʢĵ̻⡣


576 һϷ

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Ԭ࣬˿ţһʱһ̶յ£̫ˣ㡣
Ԭ๪ǣʥϡ
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Ӻ̫ҽɢʢĵɫҰ׵ڴϣؿ΢Ԭһ˫۹ڴ齣ʥϣۿūλ£ô


577 λҵģ

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ԣԽĸߣ˭Ҳûע⵽Ǳ۾ڴϵʢĵۣ˫Ŀǡ
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ڣ˲ˡ
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ʣ
ʢĵЦãõĺܣ޻ûλͳǵˣ


578 ˭Ӯ

ͷһͻ࿴˶Էһۡ
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Ԭ첽ȥƬ̺һŹʽλ£۹һСŮĹʡ
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ʡ
ͻȻ̧ͷӣ԰׵϶һĨƸֲۣʺϻλȣ
أʢĵ۵
һԡ


579 Ŷ

ʢĵۿһȻЦˣŶ˼˵㱳ܼңӵ̸ڵĹϵλ
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λǸʵģԸ˭͸˭ûʸ๣뿴ŸʿľӪһӵĽɽڴִˡΣλ䵽УһӵѪͻˣʡ
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һǳһŵĸС̫ȥܹС
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ĸҪˡ


580 Ȩı

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581 ԺúȺ

ܹЦûǶ˵֪¶һǶΪȴֻΪΣΪûǸһңֻȼӲͷУˣһܼңʲô³ܼҾһң
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ܹûش۾

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ץһѹǲǲţЦеĶ˷˽սС˯ˣԬ˷ˣǽųԵ㣬˵⼸Ҫίˡ
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ùýŲ޵ִ̧źĹŮʺ˼䡣
ʺЦ⣬ɵǸġ


582 Լ

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ȻҲһ֡
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ľֽӹ˼β־ԻԼˡ
һ㶣Լˣ


583 Ҫ

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585 ˣ4200

Ƕӣ˭Բȥ㡭ȥϺү
ӱסϺү˫ȣύӣҲҴСӰɣߣöܶҡҡҰ֮λøȥʥܡ
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¶ıʵۣϻȴѡһѣԼ˽ȥǣܼҡة൭޴ǻߥôٹپۼ۹ѸıλλǿᣬȴǱʢĵƱ¶Ƥӵ£
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ǣڳô֣Կʢĵ۵ʤܸߣϹܼܾةЩü
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Ϲܼһ˵ʲô鷿ϹܼҽƷϣ̨ףһתةүȥҵ˻ˡ


586 4000

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ϹܼٶȻص鷿ʱةѾźӳңȽĺľӵݸ
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˵ֶ꣬һ£谲һ֡ȥӦˡ
ĿͶ뿪ľתȥԺӣ˵һȻʱ
Цʢһݹȥհĺ춹ӸѪȺȡ
ҲȡľȽˣҲʢһ룬ЦŽˣڵĺ춹ͻȻһήڵǰϲĺ춹ӸЦϲŮӺȵĸȴ˵
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587 ֣1

Ӻ۵ġ¿ŻһŮҧҧð죬־ָ㲻Ҫô࣬ǹ˼һһòã
ѯĿεǣľҪͷæ֣˲ˣǴŹأ˽ƽƽģûжУ֪Ҳͬġ
Ҹɽ˵˵ġľЦ֣ﲻõģӹǺõĺܣԼµġ
ģۻɣôһ¶ʱ򣬲һ
˵һ룬ס˿ڣҡҡͷҪˣҪˣҲû㴫ڽӴ
ľȣӯˮλƵģųһЦĦŮķҸֻһƽ˳죬ٶҲ󡣡
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ͬľһʱЩ̾Ϣһң游븸ŶĲ׺Ϳѵһ֮ܲԩȱһҺ󹬣󱳸һսһ˲Ͽ壬һôúڸ
ҡͷеỨŶƮ游Ϊ䣬ģ㸸Ӣս˼񡭡ôܱڸ
ǰ游븸ӢۣѪԸɽôûдˣľЦ§סµļͷѵ뿴һŸѪҺҶɣսףػս
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ʲôľȳ歵ͷ衣
Ϻү붨빬󣬱ֱӽн鷿ʢĵԬ˶ӪܼҼֵܣ⡭
ԥһ˲ŵսҶҲȥˡ
ľüôҲȥˣ
֪ҡͷ
죬һۣû첽ߵľȸǰǲ뽫ԲŸȥ
ľȿһۣ̾һ˴Ŷ磬Ҫʱһ
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ȽǡǲǸ鷳ˣ歲ɵľȵİž֪˴ȥǾһ
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ŶһҪ飬ô㶼Ǹ鷳ˣҲǣôˣ֮ǰôҲ֪֪һǵ
˵Щˡø߼˼˵ע󣬵Ƚʢĵ۵ʤ𣿡
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һ˫ȶĸɸƵģۿɼԡ
Ӿô㵨ʢĵЦôҰѶ̳У
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ӻȻѣֽ˹ȥסϺү˫ȣû˵ɱǰ㲻Ҫ嶯߱ﰡ
֮λ޴ǣϺүһ߿ӣɱ˭Ҫ𣿡
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ϺүȴЦˣͽӲϻˣͲ֪ôϴԼˣڼΪЩٹٶɵЩʲô˭ԼϲϷϷǲǾúԲǲǾɱȨգ˿ɫӺܵ⣿ǲǾΪú㣿
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Ϻүֲ̧ȥǵѪۣЦҶɵĺãڼɱţҾͿ


588 ֣2

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Sӹ˻֮ɫִֵֵܵеģãѹֵʱҲɵ֪СܵϢʢĵʱ֡
ˣ䣬ǴСȥԼ


589 ң⧣

S˻ֻһɲǣָܿĿʢĵۣڼ˾浶ǹĴһܣ
ʥϵкģԬŭĿǰһסSߣڳļƣʥ϶֣ȹأ
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SһܿԬĹƣӴ󣬡ôˣ޲λǧǧ꣬ԼĶӶԸմȾôıһ
СˣԬɫˮһɱSǰūսӣȴڴūʥϵĹϵĿգūʥϽʶʶ
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ϺүʢĵûԬ࣬΢תȻһֵԣҪȥסʢĵۡ
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SЦһֱϣһŲԬͷһʢĵؿڴȥ
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Sס֣
Ԭ󺰣ӷS棬סSȴһSѵϳһ۳žҪʢĵؿڡ
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Ԭɨľɽײٿڡ
ʢĵһʹвֵǰҴ빬ңǼ׽Ѿзɱۣ

һӣʿߺͶɱұҷģ͵ɱ
һסץ½󣬡ҡˣǡҲˣ
ӡ֤仰һ̣һͷֱɽһ˫Ŀ˫۵ɵĴģֱĿ
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ͷ­һ˲Ӧŵ˭ͷ­󣬼һ̱У
˫Ѫһ߿ǵʿŲӳʢĵ۵ķ˻𣬡ʣȷдλ֮ģģһôϴڵģ㽫һڽһУһᡭ
һʿӱһ̴Ĵȡ
ͷʿŵĶ˱ϵģ˵ɱۣɱۡ

һϵĽֱʿţʿſ³һѪŽŵȥ
ȥɱǸʿʿ׼ᣬһе

һ˫߬סĽѪ˲ָ©
Ťͷһ̧ȥʿʿץŽ󳷣лִһѪʡ
ҵ֣
ҽһȥͷȥ֣ʮָͷ˿ѱѪ⣬мָֻʣһƤš
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ĸ׽ʱܹôصˣ
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ǣӶĸģãݿٻظ̬֮
æ֣аӷ



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ʺŪµĶ̣ԣԻͷָָϵСͭڼˣ
ùõͷͭݹȥ
ţϵԾжֽأԸıնɱпڶûȥùѹС
ʺˮĶ˶٣һĨЦȴûаЦ⣬˼ܱ˵ֻҪԼٶҲ޹ءأ

ùͣһ£üͷڣҶүS̫вʢĵۣûóѣ򱱺ɽһǹ˹ǽϣϺүʢĵһ£뷢
ʺЦжʮ˰ɣʱҲ׹۰ģƣ˵ɱɱ̽һѳЩǽͷݣڼˣǺǣ

ùüͷšţЩֹ
ôˣʺһʵ
ùɫЩǵСҲˣӡ
ˮʲôʺü
ùҡͷ˵ǿɫЩãĵû¶ʲôūţǲʢĵǰȨԺΪС˵
ʺüͷĻеͭ̾һӣԼƵ̫ˡ
С㡭̫ˡùø̾
ʺһùӲ֣ùæ˰ٺȥδú÷ˣūСⰾ˰ٺ࣬һ㡭
ʺŤͷһۣҡͷûθڣȷŰɡ

ǱߣϢʺܿùõݹİٺ࣬ױǰ
ùΣδڵϢҲá
ʺͷжͷλȥ˯Щʱٽҡ

ùǰסٳһЩС㻹ﲻϧԼ壬Сô죿˴СڵʦҲ˶ΰɱ𣿲ʢĵҵ£ҪҴС£ﲻ˵ҪտС𡭡
ʺ΢̾һûθڡˣùɡ
ùæһݹȥٺ࣬ū澶ģ˱ǣһҲ壬ǰȵġ
ǰʺڵİٺϣ֪뵽ʲôƯӹЩǰۻ࣬ûУ
˵գһһڽڵİٺ£ٶȺܿ죬ǲԼʲôӦĻᡣ
ùɫ䣬ڵûˣҲû˵Ļ
ôܳԽȥǺ¶
岻ôܻˡ
ʺӣùòŷԼһֱźæݴһʺЦЦ
ʺҡҡͷÿȥɣǱʲôɰæģҾôûˣܼԾȣ߿϶ϣСŵ
ģﳤһģµġùõ
ʺ΢ۣһϣɡ


593 ϲⲻ⣿

˭Ҳû뵽ʺĵĺܿ棡
۹һСͻȻܵ幬Ԭܣ˵ƼʢĵеĶǸзĹùµģ
ԬȻ
ʢĵ
Ȼ
Ȼ
Ԭཫ˴ʢĵ۸ǰС˵бۣūƼģùóϲ˵Ŀ϶ڲ˶ū澡ū澱˵ɡɱԩĺƽպչū澣ū뻹һ׹롭飡
ʥϣ⡭
Ԭ΢̧ȥʢĵۡ
ʢĵ۵ɲСˣķ籩û⻰˭˵ģ
˵ģøҵôЩ
ǼٵģԼһÿ
С˱ҵͷȴҶܣʢĵ۱ŭʻ͵İͷû˽ū澣ū澼񱻶̣ū澺£ʱ˵ū
һ˵ʢĵЦǲˣ
ϡС˻Ȼ̧ͷūܺչ࣬ۼԩū澺มˮ죬ū澻ĸҡ
ʢĵ⣬ȥСŵĻֱ£ɫ纮ѩȴַģϣū澾ʵūаԣūʮ˲
ʢĵĵģͻȻЦˣԬ࣬ȥܼʲôϵʲôϵ
ԬഹӦǡ
СãȻĿ
Ӧʢĵۻе˼ҡͷū澲ǡµˣҲʶܼҡ
㲻֪۹İ׮Ԭ̽϶Ҳ֪׿ڳ϶µģ
С˾㵵ĵɴ۾һţǺµģµˣ
ԬЦ
СͻȻĸˣ˵ƴͷ飬ūĲ֪µˣūֻǡūֻǡ
嶶Σˮʣū澲֪
ʢĵü˼
Ԭഹվһԣҳš
Σʢĵ̧֣ϳȥȹ
ԬӦ̫ཫ˴ȥԸ䣬תء
˿ͻȻˡʢĵ۵
ԬͷūѾԸˡ
ʢĵЦһۣô˵
Ҹ𣬾йվ˵ܡµģܳʲôģĶԬ൭
ʢĵة಻ة࣬ôһҰ°ղ֪οޣɱԩɱҳӶŹǺôģ
ڴͷһֿŵĽ߷Ӳչɵĳɿ֣ˣ
Ԭɨһۣæй±һ
ʥϣҪ򲻿ɶŭԬలȻҪǲ飬ǲˮʯˡ
ʢĵüЦ˵򵥱ˣܼһֻôһ֣ʱ䣡øԼѰҷĻᣡ
Ԭһʥϡ
ʢĵ̧֣סû˵Ļ飡Ůʮ˴ڳ޾ͲҲǵ˿
ǣʥϣūȥ졣ԬӦ˻Ȱʢĵۣ˯һūȥȥͻء
ʢĵ༸ҪѵԴ֣˯ţ˰㣬Ǹӹš
ūʥࣿԬൣǵ
ʢĵ۾ܾãϽȥҪ
Ԭû취ֻӦˣȵ˰㣬ֽСԬ̫࣬ԶԶţʢĵ۷Ը

̫Ӹ
üŰڴϵպģһʱûзӦе⣬˼ǣ
Ŵ˲̫ӵµıô򵥵ĵף
ɫЩѿʾ
պĻ̧ƤɨһִۣӣĵĴյеĲҶһڱвˮٶȿڣǹͷĵ˿ף
üͷ
̫ӵ½ôΪʲô֪
һݣպģ̫ӵǴһλʵۡ
պĳһЦҡͷʲôôûģ˸òΪǵ¶İɣ
Ȼǣ
ҪѿڶȴպЦЦĿУͻȻӦ

ʢĵխľĹԱᵳӪ˽˽¸Ϊɣұɱܴһԭǡ
£̫ԣսʢĵ۵ĵȨΪʢĵݣ
Ŀ©ͣʲôõĽ飿
պգգۣ򵥰
չȥ̬ȶ˼֣ء
ˮպЦմ˲ˮڴдһ֡
۾Ȼһ
ıΣպʡ
ͷΪ̫ӵһ
ҴҾȥ
źպĵŮʳнݣЦźպģ˺ˣйﰮȵ
Ҳȡպ˲䡣
Ů̧ͷպĵ飬ŵķİ
պĿںõķˣֻǼϲķ˸Ⱝۣ
ǿˣ뵽ǰ˼ӣϲˣ
ⱲӶҪϲ
һҲҷϣ
ϲ
ϲǵ̫ӵ£δӣ
Ŷ
պ̧ڴԼһЦϲδ̫֮λ
ū澷´÷
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Ѳ˻ˣ⼸ҲϲԣԺҪҵĲ˵պĵ
Ů㶣ǡЩϲԵ
ţ
ūȥԵƬ̣ūȥȥŮæʰãʳдҴȥ
պĿŮȥЦݽ͸۵ףۿڴͷĦƳؽӱ־
̫ӵλɣĺӵ˻ϡ
ľȾһֻϣ
պĴЦ⣬ָӵüĿǰδе

ʦ
ľȿϵݣݸЦ裬պĵı¼Ǳ߻ʲôϢ
ҲЦ̫ӵպĵĽ飬Լ£ȥӵˣߥڿӸʢĵ
ţߣ߿ⲻҪСˣʹʲôˮ
ҡͷľȣ۹֤֤ǰĶǺŮµģô
ľЦ±Ͳ롢Ϊܼѹʢĵȥ鱳࣬ҲÿʢĵԸԸ飡
˻ô˵΢šüͷ
һЦŽͣǲ֪˭ڱƶµġ
ȥüм󣬡ǵˣ
ʺЦ
Ȼ롢ȷʵ̫ӵλʢĵ۵Ĳ֮ĳȥǣ̫λ
ͻȻ𣬹ɽΪ˵£ԺһһŵĲȥľȡ
ľƲ³ʲôһЦ
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ģ֪ԼʲôľЦЦ˵ڲǺúõ𣿡
һѹסĵ׵ľκˣǶô¶С˵ĻģǺµģ
ǺµģǾͲܡµġ
𣬲Ϊ壬ܼһڣةֻϺ̽ʲôŹȽ
ľЦǳҽֽ֮˽˲ҶУ˻ʺʺʹ͸
ң
Ȼҡ
һ㱣ŵ쵫гɸıãſ˵ʲôȴʲô˵
ƻһʱ嶯
ľҡͷǰǰ˺ܾãǡǰ˶ѡ
ǹɽų£ĸء
Ǿ̫ӵ¸պôQЩˣţ֪պְʲôġ
չȥڰ¶˵˼䣬˲ɴ۾Ҳˣ
򴽡
Ʋ죬ֲ̣һֱã
歲⣬ôˣպôˣ
½ԼĻ˵һ飬ЦΪ̫ӵʲôСҲҪһӵĲлвɣһƭ˵ĻҲţ
ͷˡ
ˣŬΪ̫ӵ¹ԼĴǡ
һҵſôΪ
ûǸᡣľЦţ۵ȴûʲôЦ⣬սԪûʲôˣҲս¡
̫ӵ¼λԣߵ˱̧Ȣȥս㣡
û̫֮ǰ߱߰Σսལ
˭У
ľȵͷյһڲˮ
Ƽľȵɫҿû˵ʲô
ǰһȥһ¹н¡
ľȵͷ½һעⰲȫ
˶һۣһʱԽ˵ĬԽʤ̧֮ܲٿָо˼ʹʢĵ۵ĺҲ壡
һǰһȥľЦ磬歱ȥһվɡ
ǲȥôȥͷ½ңֻСõƢһᾡ˵


594 Ӧ

ʲôü⣬ؿˣ˵һͻȻӦһֱгʺͿ϶ζ
һۣľףȹȥɽҲСģǽôһ⣬ѱʢĵ۲йɽȥʻ
֪Ҳǽʻģġľȵ
һϵǣ正һš
ãľȳ˷䣬ֱȥ˹ɽҡ
ɽڴϣݲ԰ף˲ûнʳԵüǼߣʵԽ̣ǷûĿգ˼֮ɫ˲¡
ľȶڴͷϸ۵ָüǣĴɨĽëͦıǼ⣬ڹɽԷ׵ı֮ϡ
һȣӻ£ڹɽϣ󴥼һĨ⣬ľȲŷԼᡣ
͵ıۣһ߬ѹסĵ׷ӿɬʵĿǻ
һȶŹɽ
ǿҩӳñûеȼݣȼԼܵ¡
ľ߬΢΢
ɽ֪֪Լʲô
˭
һӵ
һʼҲֻӮѡ
ôֵ𣿣
ֵ𣿡
ૣԼָɽǺñӣʱͻȻһץס¡
㡭
˫۵Ĺɽ˸ţۿʱһȣɽˣ
ɵѾͷֹ˵ʲôأ
ɽ쳤֣ͣͷ뻳УΪ㣬ûʲôֵֵãֻԸԸ⣬ҡ֮¡
ľĶĻסû

磬ȥվ˵ʲô
ӵʦл˵ʦվߣԴ
Сˣβպô캦¶ΪģͼȥҲҪȣ˵ʲô˵ʲô
歺գ߬űӵ͵±ӳ˦һޡ
أžһ죬ϳһƬ˵ߡ
˾벻Զ̷춯صĿ
һ߿һֻ̧ɢҳȿȡ
߳ҳΧԲͣ¡
üһۣУôҶӣһô죿
˵գ̧ǸǸλ³çôܾˡ
Χ˷׷ײĿǴ
ž˫űӣæ˼ĳΧǸԲסԲסһʱֻһʱֻ
˵˵Ǹû˾ɢȥ
歳һ¶һζʧòЦݣ硭
ҡҡͷ߰ɡ
ȥ
æ˱ӣϡ
һǰһվվԱ֪ݣЦݸ飬ӣС㣬үӣ
񡣡
ȭվԱЦߣ߱ߵռǸﲻˣүӸ̫̫⼸һֱãܵӰӣǲãС㲻Ȱ䣬ү̫̫һЩ
ӦţֱߵռҾסԺ䣬վԱסŲŶ˽ȥתȥ
춯Ӷ᷿ϣһƼһ˫Ů㶣ôˣȽǱʲô
ǡƲƲ죬˵Ļ룬ȥ磬˵ɣ˵Ļ϶Ҫұ졣
ü˵ʲô
᷿ռҾסĵطϵ˵ɡ
һһ˫Ůݡ
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ռҡüͷ̾һ뷨̫̫첻ߣԺָɣ˵Щȥ˼죬
뵽̫̫һ˷ӣֻͷƤ飬ҪԼ˷һȭͷһʣ̫̫֪Ҫʲôʱ
΢䣬ѹվԱҪ˵Ȱү̿ĵĻøԺø֣
øͲģΪȽպĵ£̫̫ǺùøԴʡǲѧ̫̫Щ
۵ӹ⣬̧ߣȥСø
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зִ硣
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һǰһ᷿̫̫̫ʦϣүһߣƼɫ˲һڡ
̫̫ĸүӰƶʲôŮأĳˣЩռСˣ
С˵˭
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С˵϶
̫̫֪ŷӦԼԼˡ
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̫̫ſġǡں˵
үӼ̫̫ԱüͷһۣʲôռҲӭǣǸϽߡ
ռҵĵЦһӳڵϣ죬ǰЦĿү̫̫Ǿӽ£סվûȽΪסĽټվ˵ȽĻ
ޣ˭ϡռıˣҪܱټץǻûˣǵˣʲô̫̫һĭԶ
ۿ̫̫Сø޹أÿ
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үӣ
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ͱǣٸһ䣬Ĳ㣡ţޣ
̫̫ɫէէףļǲٿ

ڣռ̾һÿЦˡ
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ռΨľͷģķ顣
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æӦˣôп߶ȽлҪǸ˵Ҹ˵ǵûȥˣȽ˵˵ǻȥˣ벻ңⵢ˶ٹˣ֪׬˶Ǯ
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Ԭϳסһѽק˳ȥ
ļͷҲ˷䡣
Сãø
ڶ˶棬պı˾ߵ£ȽѾ֪ˡ
ɫ΢䣬£ڿڵֶ˶䣬һȻ̧ͷǡԲҪʲôĽʲôԡ
СãȽҪΪܻڣյҶȥҪպģȽΪǣٳԣǶûУûȽĲɱ֮ڵıҶȽĴȽĴ
һƼһպϵ⣬µĴȽΪģ̲סĵΪȽ
δȽĴ޸ĸ֮ý֮ԣҪ޸Ϊ檣ȽĴ𣿣Լעû˺ӣȽĴ𣿺ĺӵȽĴ𣿣ȽʲôˣȽĴûʱ
һ꣬۾ˣֹסεɫ׵ϡ
歽÷й꣬ų
死ͷˮί硣
̧ļͷ
պı˾ˣСø֪˭ɣֱ롣
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΢䣬ãֿϿڣСòŹøʱ㣬Ȼ֪ȡ
˵꣬һ£ſϾŵ̧ͷӼСþ˾ΪʲôС𣿡
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뵽ˣҲٷϻպûиԴǰξٿʳͼõ˳ǵ뷨£Сþã֪պҲһţʲô³
ĽӦҵģģҡͷ
ЦǳӦ㣿˵Ļô࣬ʱļй׼СãҲҪиȣ˵ʲôʱ򣿷Ҫȵ¶ףռҶΪ޴ᣬ⣿


595 Ҫ˭Ҳס

ûС
ЩãȻ޴̧ͷȥûС
֪֪ûУ㲻ġӵļͷο
Ƿ˵ģһһ˦һԵϣӦѣڵϣءһ졣
ҿԿвĲᣡĿڲԣ۾ͨȴЦţŮţǻʲôϵǰɣ
ָ̧ŽˮķŭȣֻպǵŮǰɣʢǵĶӣҵҲǵĶӣ޽ҲǵŮǾΪպĲҪǵǰɣǡǼֱΪ˸ĸ
̧߷˷޶ǰĸ߼˳ȥǣΪʲôˣ
歽
죬һ正ͷûأ˳ȥй£ȥ죬磬֪Ľ˴֪޿⣬ɻѾˣҡֻȥûоǶԵģҲûΪҪҡ
˳ǣĳһЦļͷ֪Ҷ֪歽̫ˣ㵱ĸ׵飬˵
ͷ̧ͷȥ
˱ۣ鵭Ŀø˵ʲô
һۣǳȥ˵
̸ҪȥôȰסЪ˼
״˳˼᷿Ժ
ǳæܿ߳Ժӡ
Ľʲô
ɫ򶨣ͣ½ŲЦһǲʲôȽ£
ξҪЮ̫ӵ£Ҫ̫ӵٵǴ󱦺󣬷Ϊ̫ӵµı̫ӵ׿һȥĸӵĻӣøΣ
ͫ͵һûӦ˵ʲô
һ͵³һŵĵ˵ʲô
øˡպǸʲôˣøҲ̫ӵ³ıλ̫ӵ³£֮λʱŹȽ£̫ӵ°ܣΪͬı۾ǱȻ£øֻǱһô𣿡
Ŀ˵һŲͣƱûƺƴ󣬼ѹȣƵӴڡ
ַסһԵ˺һѹӿɤ۵ľֻţȽȽô˵
Ƚʲôû˵̾һһֱǵӻ֮պһǡûһ顣
ûУûУ죡һֱ֪ǿǷȽȽǶԲ˵ţͷ
ģûɵһķøպСõŮúûţͲҪǡܲסȽʦ򱱺Ҳ׷ŹСǣ
⻰˵ǽĵһΣҲһΡ
˵꣬תĿ᷿ĵط˵ʲô䵭ĮߡǾͿպԸԼΪɣѾˣҪ˭Ҳס
˵գ̧Ŵ뿪ԭأ˶᷿

正Ƽݣüͷ𣬡ôˣȥСǸʲôø˵ʲô
ûʲôм仰С˵鵭˵һĨЦȽǱ£ǣү̵Ҫ⡣
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µ֣ǽУһȽ֣һȽ֣һģҧƿڴ
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תͷٿ
̫̫ɫм㲣ڵʦҲǸȽ˵һȹһʱ䣬Ǵؽˮ򡣡
үӳ̾һĿΣҶԲסϽԲסүԲסС㡭ǹǵΡ
Ӧ

ܼң鷿
һϮװͿĨ˶ͨЩǱվةǰ
游
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СԬ̫ЦӦ常ģһһֲ©Ľ
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Ԭڰ֣һϵ·ҵȻҪȥźʥϡ
СԬ̫æһźԬ໻ѣҩʱŸСһ䣬ôˣô常ˣ
常ǻǰϺ𣿶Ҳû常ܹôص
ʵĲҪʣ֪ĲҪȥ֪ԬƳһۣĮ
СԬ̫㶣ܵҲʹôͲˣ
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˵գСԬ̫֣أԳſȥţȥһֻתͷСԬ̫ԸȥûҸʥϿڣ˭Ҫ޵ȥ
СԬ̫࿴Ԭ赭üĿһʱЩӦһŵͷǣȥǣ常û𣿡
ҲҪȥԬһֻţŹš


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ܹȴֺδĵһ˫üۻ̧ڵĹâ·յ̫ҫ۵˲ֱӣԬһϧ̾
ܹһ˫üۣǰ㽿Сȴһ˫Ӣüۣˡʺ
ֻϧȴûʺĺ

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䣬Ѫܹ
ԬüͷŶҩ·ķڣﵹֻʣذˡ
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Ԭֱӣ̫̽࣬£񣬡͹·
ܹЦһԬ࣬ҷ˵Ļһֲ©תڵصµŵ
䣬ذ׺ԥϵĴϡ
һܹȴ¶ԼŮԡ
Ԭ࿴ʬ壬ɫ
һգԬɨ󹬣ץ˽ʮ֮һĹŮ̫ࡣ
ڣùýתʺʺŴճĬãһ仰û˵

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ԬϢæȥȰ
λʲôʥϾɶδֱ¶ӵĹؼʱ̣ǡҪµİˣ죬Ͻ˷λͳ
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⻰ǽԬϷͷ˼⣬ָв֮ġ
Ԭɫһ򿪿ڵϴ󳼣мΣδˣūźʥϼʮ꣬ɼūģū֪Ϊ¶ѳɶ֣λοùܼĵдȣ鲻
дȣţɱةһңǲǾҪֵЩˣﻹ𣿡
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롢ܣվҵȣ£ϱҵһ򡭡
ҵȱǹ幬ҲùպĲף
ϸҵһɱܡҵɣ

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ͷһֱң״СʵԬô죿ЩӲԣǱߡ
ʥϺò׵˰Ϣ˯ţǿƽѣµġԬͷۣЩĳ˱ŭеʢĵۣǱȻġ
һЩżô죿ɻ۵ǣ
ԬüһۣЩΣⲻǡǺһپ
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λǺοأ
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Щˣ򲻵ýֲƹʲô
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ϸһ³һ
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Ϧû˵ʲôѾߵֽҡ

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ľȽӵϦţЦˡ
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617 ʼ

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ū澵ŵ٣͹һڵùֶܡ
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618 ָ

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̧ƤɨٵĹһۣ˵λⰲŵġ֤
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﷢һˣ˵ҹ꣬ץУȱУ
ԼԼӱ˿֪ǸŮ棬ȴû꣬СӶҪϾѰ׹죡
ֻʵУǹŮ͵˵ԡɱˡ
Щȥ롢ȥ֤ʵ뷨֪󣬼ڶˣٹùù۵ҩΪ˺ү

ҶͷˮԼɼ֮ɫ̫ӵ£λˣūЩĵսľжүһʤһգ̻̲գ˵ѻ
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ˣ׽鰸


619 磨һ

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˼Դģü˼Ƭ̣ٶȿڣٹùÿ֪¶֮˭
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Ҳһס飬ٹùò֪
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˼ԴᣬǰҶùõĶԻУ͸¶˵ү߸Բ˴ѡ
Ĭһ˲̧ͷ֪ʡ
ڣһ
ԪầȻĿ˼ԴȻ뵽ŻھǾ仰˼
˭˼
ǰ꣬ʢĵ۵ĻλδȣܼҡҹϵУܼңةྫ쳣ܵʢĵۻġ
ʢĵܼҴʲôЭ飬ܼҳ棬Щ˵ͨˡ
ҶΪʲôҪ˵ôģɣ
Ϊʲôֱ˵ܼΪ
Ԫȥ
ɫҲÿҲû뵽ԪĶԻԪͷ΢΢ҡͷ
Ԫɫʲôû˵


620 뵱Ȼ

㡭
˼Դ촽䶯˵ʲô˫ѹž캧ˣ磬֪˵ʲô
Ȼ֪Լ˵ʲô
һЦʮĹ͢ȥЦǳǡôһģһ
ԣʵаѻԸ׺䶥Ǵ
֮ϣһ
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621 Ϊ֮һ

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죬ˣ̫ӾͿԼλǵʺˣ㡭֪𣿡
룡ʺ֮λҵģֻҪȾͿԣΪʲôҪ˵Լȷ£
֪Ҳ֪ʢĵʲôʱģһ֪̫Ӽλ֮󶼷ʲô£֪һλʵ˭
ϵɴ۾ֱĿϦգһ֪ͬõȽЩʲô¡
ἰľȣϦյ䣬ҪȴͻȻֵ
ս㲻ǻʺ󡭡


624 ˣ

˻һڣһĳš
ֲŵĵϣǳ⣬ں˵˵ʲô̫ǧҪ˵ˣȥԺٽ̫Ӹ벽
ûк˵˵Ķģ
ҡͷܿĽ֣ľһŮ˵ʺǸŮĺӲδĴսң׹ùãҲƭģ㡭ƭˣ
ִ󺧣ָϣָͷڷڶ£ˣķˣ
û裡еĿϦգս㱻ƭˣ
˵һľƭϦյĻ۵׿ʼ𽥷ݣţ׿ȥʺʲô֣ʲô֪
˵ٻһʱڵ֪ηӦ
ðΣŽŲתͷȥϦգŸɬĴˣ̫
ϦյĮĿϣ۵кε񣬡ΪҸպһûģƪƭҵľȣΣΪĸŻѪѾ˼㡭ʲôãһ㣿
죬ϦȴٿڣȻ÷ѪԵϵ׹ùò٣㻹ʲôõҸǰ˵ģ
䣬תֱͦѸǾ棬ȽΪΣиԺڱҲ˼Ҹ׵ãС
΢ϣҸƲ㣡
˾ţһģ˹ڵϡ
Ϧ̧žߡ
Ծϴ˽࣬ľȣְգַӦ̫ƫϵĻƱ볤ģ˳·öߣ
ֱݺݵۣƿڴҵպЫĳ˭ԭ洫治ŮһЫĳʮҲûѧĸŮĺݶұӣϽ
ңϵ΢΢˶ͷȴȻûֻૣֻǡҵŮȥ
ŭɶиӶ̧žϰϥϣ
ϲߵӳȥ˺Ǳķڵء
ȴȻûҪߵ˼
ĲУתͷߣͿ߶ϦգһС㡭
ϦߵϸǰӸ£Ϊպ鱰΢µϣĿڱµļҪϢ뵽ίĴݺѪ̵ľȣиǺεĲ˪Դ÷ȻңǾҿ϶Ӧҽվ͸һ׼ˡ
ϣ̧ͷſ
Ϧ׵ı˪ȻԿ磬ҲľȣȲǷ飬ҲǷڻ֮飬պһ򵥣뿪һӶҪٳھҪȽǰʮģ
ֱϵ˫Цдɭɭɱ⣬һΣȽҡΪŮ·
ϺȻɴ۾ܿƵĴָ𣬡ױã
ױãϦЦķ̣ױûױˣšأ
ҡͷĽûС
ûڶ˼𣿡ϦպǺЦùլԺȻ淨һ̫Ҫһе˵ֶΣպ˲֪ʧ
㡭϶ָ֣Ϧգĺݣһ㶼ˡ
ִŭǰһҪ˵ʲôϦסûʲô¶ȵЦϣն̫̫ˣ֣
ϳȻ
֣Ϳͣ˽ն̫̫̫Ӹ˵һֲ©ת롭ˡ
˵գתȥ
ˡ
һڣҰ׵˰ӽŶ̫Ӹ
һվ±˵ɴཻĸԼȥݡ

ϻججߣȴ֪ߵһպĵǸСԺӡ
ſŵŷƼüͷһİ֣ôˣϽ߸Ͻߣ
תҪߣ߳ʮֶס߻
ŷֻˣֵֻʲôϽ߰Ҽ̫̫ٿ㡭
̫̫Ҫ£תһ̨׵
ŷƲ죬˵磬Ҫ£Ҹ˵ҼĶˣҼ̫̫û֣Ͻߣҿɲ뱻ۡ
˵ţ£ϱ̨ףһĵڵϡ
ŷһɱңûʲôǮġ
ҲǮϳӴӵи㣬¡
˭û¶߲ߣٲҿɲˣŷǽߵĹ˵ࡣ
һЩɵŷеĹԥͭ壬ŷҲȥҵһ仰̫̫
ŷͭ壬˼ϣЦˣ˵ɣʲô

˵ʲô
պĲһ£վŴŷ˵һ飡
ŷæ£̫̫Сô˵ġ
˵һ飡պɫ
ŷĵһ٣ͷպģ򴽣ϵĻظһ飬̫̫
أ
պߣŷһ㶣ں溰һˣ˻ˣ˵п̫̫
պĵĽһ٣Уˣ˸һ
Ѿһѷӿȥ̫̫
պȴûǣǻͷŷ
ŷһ飬ӵ̫̫С֪ϷĸˣСȥ׷
Ͻȥպ
ŷæһȾܡ
պתݣš
ðΣŷˮ̫̫ܽûû׷ϡ
պĵɹȥ
ŷ
Լ˵϶žȥģˣ˭˭
պĴƢһ˶˳ȥԼһת
ŷĻĿ΢΢ΣؿڸһƬκˡ
ôû뵽̫˾˵Ůױ㣡
ϵζʲôΪʲô̫ˣ
һ뵽Ѿ̫ӵĵճӣԺ̫Ӽλ˳Ļʺ󣬵ճӾδĴ
Ļ
̫㿿ɽʲô
ľʲô
ֻҪǰЩ¸̫ʲôľȣľȣ
ת˼Ȧն̲סĵ׵Ŀϲţ˽ʰƷרصá
źĹ̫̫Ҫȥݷ˭ȵӣүһǰȥ
ҵʲôպȻһЦü˵үһؼ
һ
պѾԸ׼ǰȥ̫Ӹ
պȥ̫ӸӲٶԣɻ
պΪϹϵϦվͻԼ׽ȴû뵽Ŷûȥ
̫ıá


625 ˼һ

ӵıã̫ı֣ɲʲôèðϵģҲԼʲôУ
ô໰ʲô߲ˣ
ŷЦˣպĵѿ£ųЦԼŷ֪ЩǵϦյĻŸôԼһʱ߷պޣһЦ̫˾˵ŮǸŸļ޵֡
ŷһպĵģ˵ѣɶһۣ
ǲǵˣ֪̫Ǹļ޵ģ
ͻȻôܣЩۡ
ڶǻģܿ췴Ӧһǰ̫ļ˵ĵģ̫̫㼸棬ڴ˺ɾͱǽ˸е㶪Ժȥ
ߣȥ鷿̫̫ȥ
һһͣһͨպġ
պؿɫ࣬ǡۿ˵ͣ
ŷ˸ۡ
һһ⵲ţȥ鷿Ҳúúù̡̹ܽܽ
պֶЩˡ
һŷƳպһۣ˳ŻɣҾȥˣ
ˣ
պסĵ׷ڵŭҧŶˣЦˣһҲ֪̫ǲǵĶ飿
˻࿴˶ԷһۣЦŷģְڣӲϲ˽ţûӼʲô飡
һͷͣô̫̫˷ڵ»Ҫñ˼Ķ飬ҪǼǲסҪȥ𡭡
һµĳЦ飬պĵһһ󣬲֪ô뵽ľȡ
ΪˣΪӷǱӣǷ֮£ȴһֱҿǷһң
Ƿ
ľȵʮĵƣ֪ٴǱ˵Ļӣ
ԣķ֮£θɣ
ҾǷģ
ȴ˿ûȥ룬ﶼˣҲˣӱǷ֮£
ŷǵ˷ԸΪպģɫףƺҡҡ׹ϱЩ⡣
պȴٴǣתߡ
ź˻ӵȥ
ֱԶŷżüŪ۵Цˣһ˵ȥԺһ
һˡ
ֵ˻ǸˣСһ˶ӣϲ˶ԼӦٶġ

պŷֳܣûӮһǱȥ£ܿʹ鷿
µĳԪᣬ
պġ˵̫ҵŮȴץסص㣬Ĺܼңַ˸ļ޵ּҺ󣬸ĵ
ܼһϸһͷȷˡ
ȥԪᡣ
Ԫᣬ
ֲľϦչϵС
ֲľȻ᲻İ
ԭҪԭ
̼
£¶㿴
ʲôÿģ
ǾȻһֱ֪ľϦյıã
ѹľһֱ˵һжΪϦգ
Ԫɫէէףֻѿ
Ԫ鲻ԣæѣ££֪ǶĿǰβ
ҪΣ̫𣿡ԪЦ
һڣֺȻס̫δɡ

ж˼΢΢һ죬̫

С㣡
ֲŵĵˣŭˣô֪ģ
ô֪׸ġ
Ϧջ̧ƤЦˣղ˵̫Ҫң
̫顣
С㡭ЩҵĽϦգô죿
ϦЦֵʲôڻҷҡ
ֲס
ϦЦŽͣڵõԱõˣԶϱ۰򣬻ǿı۰򣡡
С˵Ķԣ̫ڻҡֻ˵һס뵽ʲôӿϾ壬С㣬᲻ϴ¶ཡ
Ϧɫ˲һңԣһ᲻ϴж
ۣ뵽͸¶ȥϢϣҧгݣҲˣСȥǣž飬ǶʲôСĴ֪ﲻСҲˣС㣡
˵棬۾ˡ
뵽ˣϦɫ˼֣̾һŵ˰˰֣ȥɣǱߵ˲С¡
̫ģ㱾£СĻеġ
ŴʧǰĨʹ֪Ըף
֡
ϦεĿοﵱļ޸ҵûˣЩ£Ƶ΢һܲ㲻ʲôܣǡǰˡ
պĸŮǻ˭մ϶ҪùϦյĻȴƽһ䡣
ϦЦҡͷ֪ǹԼལٶ˵ʲôתƻ⣬Ǳ»֪ȥһˣһи׼Сպ۶ӡ
ԣԣǻ֪æһѲϵۣūȥūһҪó׿ĸŮ
һ˵ʦ·ϣ룬óתȥָһˣַպֳЩ£ɫ֪࣬ԪΪֻ̫һתŽһ̫Ӹ
ս
ַɫãϦ΢΢üͬĿ˽һۣΣūĴ
ַҡͷֽ֣ղ˵һһֱ֪պſǰ£ָȥ
ϦȷŮһԺѹ̫ӿΪ㣿
Ϧҡͷڻõң˺ģġ
¹ȥˣ÷Ͳ֪ݣպҲôһཡ
ϦЦסַ˵֣˵ôأɱֿʣǰ˵ҵܣ˲ġ
ôһ
ַ򴽣̫Ӽλǰ֪̫Ӽλ֪ˡһֵϸǰͲϲң֪ҵԨԴﵣġི
ַ˵ۿˣаûڵԸӡ
֪ŮȥʲôˣЩȥҲ˾飡
ٲãԼȥΪʲôҪŮ
ң
ҡ
޹أ㲻˵ҹҲҪȥģд游ĸд˾˴ĸǲ
ϦοżҪַˡ
ַҡͷˮսﺦ¡ﺦº཰Ԫһθ¶¶֪᲻ᡢ᲻ᡭ
ϴûз񡭡
Ϧ΢̧°ͣЦɨһȦԼԺӣԪ֡첻


626 

ַһ㶣ģ
ģ֡
Ϧ̧֣Ļ˵ʲôæͷ˲õģԺгµļ󷨣̫Ӹֽһһһ˫ȥ޻أ
ַ˵Ž֡
ϦȣֻԷһġ
ŷӦԼ˵ʲôֳ̧ԼһӣЦԶԣԷһġ
ʲôһַ˵ǶݶˣҸ˵ң

Ϧ̾ͷַ˻ÿ˶һġ
ܲ˼عѵݣںǰŮ϶²׾ҲҪȢһӣ
ûĺø
ַۿڵˮһסŮ쳣
֪ﵱͲôӦȢ㣬˵ûģ飬ô͹ϡ
Ϧַ˻ȡĸ׵Ļۡ
ǵõģܲ˵ԭҲߵ࿴ġ
Ԫᡭ
йôһʱ⡣
Ҳֻǣй

ľȵ˽ֵĻûʲôԥȽǰų˵ʦžͽ˽ϢȥסСԺǱߵϣȻҲû¡
̫̫ϢĻ뺦ս
ϴȥһݣүӵɫܲһ˫Ѫϴӵ˫۴ɭɭɱ⣬ľ
ʲôҲ䣡
̫̫ŭһתߡ

ϼ̫̫鲻ԣקһ˾ˣ̫̫
˾ֹүۿȥĥĥʲô
˾̾ؽˮɣ뿪ˮպĲƤӵ£ʲôҲܡ
үŵĽŲһ¡
ȸ׷ʱ̫̫Ѿץϳսݸպĵģ
ҡ
ʢŭ̫̫ﻹв׵ģɫ΢սǸ״ˡ
״
̫̫֪ڸģʱ򣬾Ȼս߲ѣ̧֣һ˹ȥ
ž
֮󣬽ֱƷڵء
Ů֪֪ôẦս
̫̫ŭȣΨһĺӣôã
ϴӵ𣬰ָӡǸѪ̫̫Ļӽһ粵ûУֻĽһûдӦҳţҶûƽϡ
ûƽϣʲôʸƽϣ
̫̫ЦιһڷǴ÷ʲôǷ㣡ƾʲôҪӦҪ󣿣Ϊ˭
׹ùã˵ѪĽױãΪʲôӦۿͻȻͺˣĽʲôвҲݲĽǶݲ
Ȼڤ粻飬̧̫̫һƴȥ˵ˣǲݲ㶼ݲˣģû̺ãûãҴ㣬ԲСүʦ
˵գǯסϵĲӣɫһߣݵֱֽ
ϲŵĵɴ۾ס̫̫֣㡢Ҫɱҡ
㲻֪ڸģȽҪսĸӣ㣡̫̫ƴһ˫ûаϧ
ȻҲ̫̫ĶɱֻңΪˡΪˡҪɱҡ
̫̫Ѿ˫Խ
Ƭ̣ϱͨ졣
үվԭأ޲
˾ǰүӵţٶ
̫̫ŵĶݣ¶ͷүɫѿүӣȴҿ
ռҼӦһȴĬû˳
ֻĵ˹ȥ̫̫£ĸ򲻿ɰ
ҹ
̫̫ŭգƼ䣬һ߷ɳȥֱ׿⡣
ƺһһѪ˳
磡
Ŀ־壬ϼҴˡ
Ͼһ첽ǰ
վס
̫̫˭ҲȰңһҪ
ۼϿʼۣٵģϼֱţ˾ˣ㵹˵仰
˾¶ʹ࣬÷뿪һԺٲɣ
үĿȻûɿڡ
˾ֿۿ챻Լĸͨһڵϣʮ»̥ɱԺ󶨻ǹģܼ尾
үӵ˱仯
һǰһһץס̫̫֣һֻֻȻֻһб̫̫ϵǯơ
һ̲̱ڵأźԣֱȵΡ
ӵ߹ȥһһſڣһѪ
ЦһԼĸ˺֡
̫̫ŭүӣʲô𣿣ǲҪսҲĸŮ˲ŸģǲҪǺսĺӣ
ӡү죬˱ۣؽˮԺٲĸŮٲ
̫̫ŭүӣûü˵ʲôѿھܾҲߣûϦգΪʲôҪߣ
̫̫ǺЦû֪֪Ϊ㣬֪ɻ㲻֪㻹˵û
һʶҡͷûС׹ùãôẦֻá
պʲô㲻̫̫Ӳ÷ҪҪǺȽҪս
ϻȻ̧ͷˮ̫̫˵ǺȽȽĺúõģڣǳеʦţҵĽأȽһӶˣҿָֹҶԲȽԲҼС㣬ԲүԲǣҲӲʲôĲĽţǡΪʲôͲܸһ·
÷û·𣿡
£̫̫ƽ侲쳣һٵݣȽٶĹңպһһεĿŹ㡭ǹ
ҡͷЦ֪ô룬ȽԽԽãԼŮԽԽңһ˳Ӿȫбϣˣ䵽ⲽأܣȡûаָϵ
ͷʹ쳣ֻĽš
ҲϻҲٽڽˮҾϾ˹ϵ̫̫ޱ鿴ϣŭûˡ
£̫̫ģҼ̴÷뿪ؽˮȥպٲ಻ᡭպϵ


627 ת

磡
Ťͷһۣ̫̫˵Ķԣպ䵽ⲽأȫԼĴʹԸԸȣ
죬˵
Ը⣡
ƽ˵꣬ү̫̫ͷߡ
̱ڵϣš
Ƭ̣һݸϡ
ҡͷҲߣҡ
˵Լͳһֽݸȥӣ쵽һ룬Ƽ֣һ١
󣬲ŵ̧ͷɫҰףҪң
ؽˮ򣬻飬ѡһ
ۿͨ죬ҲҪҡ
Ҳ㣬պãԺɣҡһЦؽˮչ޽
ɡϲȻһЦһɡ
еǰ˵ݣϵ߽ģȥ쵽·ѶĲӣΪʲô
ҼƼԸݣҲҪھɫѿ
˾߬ȭƺ޲һȭͷȥ
ϼ״æǰһм䣬СãˣΪպģʢҵ޽ȫҪˣʢӾҵ˴ǰ;壬δڣȷҪΪһҵծպģǣ޽һ㣬Ժ˵ףμˣ
ʢҵ޽
һ㱣ۿͨ죬ͷϣãȻʣɩ
ʢսΪʲô
ҵСС;͸ŴԶѧϰһ·Ϳ࣬Ϊʲô
СãĺӲֻպһѾΪ¡ϿϣֱֱĿ۵ͺȣˣ
ˣըһ϶
ૣ𣿡
ϵͷصģˣ
ģϣˮͣ£鴤
ĵ̾һϱסĺ󱳣ģ²̫֣ܻ취һġ
һڱϺ
̫̫ɫͷۿȴ֪΢΢졣
˾˼Ͽ޳һ˸ͷף
Ͽ޹̫̫ûŰݣ˾ϸţ˹ȥͳţʧԶһڵ㣬תСԺ
ȥһ£⣬һȥ̫Ӹһȥʦ
Ϧľȼͬʱյš
ȻϾȻûȥ
̫̫ϳŵüľȡ
ľȽŷ£üһЦĸҲ˵²ֵǰ£һ
裬
ԭˡ
²ЦˣûзôQ
һ£̫
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ľҡͷһЦûлᣬҲ˲ˡ
⻰ǡʲô˼Ƽľ׵Ľ죬һȻӦ
Цŵͷ˵ǣûлˡ
¿һƶˣ˶һۣйǰûԼһȴܸǵ˼·ѵı
ľʧЦ½Ĵϣ
µָۣͷ㾫ҽ󷨣׬Ǯãġ
˵꣬ľȣǺһЦ
ľȣ
ʵĸõһģ
£㡭
裬￪Цˡ
ľȣ˵滰
ľת㣬ĥһ󷨣Ĺһ
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ľȣ
˵滰
Ǳ߰
һߣ̫ӸڣϦտţݸ֡
ֿϵݣһ˲뵽ʲôϴЩŭѾǳˣߣʲôãСǵġ
÷Ĵôֵܹ游˾ϡ
Ϧǳǳ̾һΪĸˡ
ֳĬƬ̣ͷϷ˲֪жġ
ȥⷿѰƷȥҸ˵һ䣬ûǣҲǲҪ𡣡
Ӧˣֻϣպıʲô¶
Ϧ΢΢ۣЦЦ᲻۶ӣ

ʹ幬
ʢĵ۴Ӵ첲ȣжʱĲ֢״ȫʧˣ˼ˬ֮С
ЦԬ̫ҽԺһεҩźãȥ޵Ļͣ
ūȴ̫ҽǸлʶԬЦӦ
ʢĵ۾ͷãٶȱǰ˺ܶ࣬δţµѴ롣
ԬҩŽСѣʥϣʥȬ̫ҽл̫ͣϢƬ̣ҩŰɡ
Ҳá
ʢĵҩţԬ࣬ϴһģ
ԬҡͷһǸʥϲԪģʥжյū̫ҽ˷ӣŷģʥϳ
˵˸ӣСʢĵʢһݹȥ
㡣
ʢĵᣬŻƳγεЦɫǺá
˶Ĳݡ
ʢĵһҲûףһζҲôġ
Ԭٲýľһһ˵ˡ
ʢĵĹ򣬽һҩȵĸɸɾǻθ֫ٺůڵġ
ɴЦȻǺöҲԡ
ԬЦҡͷɫȰʢĵȥһߣںȱˣԲš
ʢĵܺõĴӦˣ˼̫幬
ûת˻һεεˣʮߵͣշߺ죬ಽĸʢĵ
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Ԭһӭǰȥʥϣǡ
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628 һ

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630 ʵһ

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ʢĵһԬƺûϵЦȻºͺ͵ģүжһ£Ƕҩȥҵġ
һƶߣʢĵۣʢĵ俴
ЦЦңֽߵһͯһǧƽͯ¶ôôõ£ڲ飿
үһŮξʥдõҰЩ棬еʥϱ̫ӵ˾ز飬ⲻܼҶˡԬȻЦ
ȻףָָԼ׼ҲˣŰǻȥŵģ
ǣҪүԺ򣬵ˮʯȳ´С
ٹ٣
λү˼ʮ̫࣬ɵˣ
ôԼģ
ʢĵۺ޺޵ĵŶˣЦһ˶ϣ۾
Ԭ೯˼Դͷ´ˣǰѳ뾡᰸ҹүס
˼Դȥʺʺ΢΢ס
˼Դ˳ģſڣϽϲɣѹżӼۣزҽζϿϣ
ʢĵû˼ԴҲû̾ϣ˵
үսպձ¼ɣҩȡȨһҺ󹬣¶Ϊܡ֣ıϿϣ
ıϿϣܴ͸˶Ĥ˹
ٹٵͷ̧ڸλϵʢĵۣĿûƽյţų𣬴ʢĵķ
ΪһݲˣձȨɴѹɶȥ߹۲Ĳɣ֮ȨߣʢĵۣǹһˣֶΡʵ̫ӣ
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ֱ̣
˼Դ˵˹Խ߿򱻼ɻ䣬ðİɱ޹вӣӺι£Ͽϣ
԰޹ĸӣ
볭к𣿣
ĵЧң
ʢĵȻ
ʺɫĳԪᡣ
˼Դ̻⣬泯Ԫᣬ۹أ̫ӵ¼£΢ʵԩԲպ˭˸Чҳʵۣ˭˸ҡ߹ɱб߽
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ʢĵ۵̾׽ˣ
һı£ʺ΢΢һЦˡ
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ʢĵ۲ָˣٹʶԪһλʵʱˢˢ˹ȥһ˫۾ƺڵ̬ʢĵ
ԪҲӦˣ󱳲ţȴû˵
Ǹ̫ӣǰ濪븸ּѾ˸ʣٿ᲻ֱӷԼ
ڣٹٻôǷǲ಻ֵ֣Чң
뵽һֿܣԪɫɷס
ûٹ֧֣˳ϻʵ
ˣʻأҪһַӵ¡
ͷ尾֮ʣ˼ԴͻȻӷͬ̫ӵΪֹ
һ֮ٴž
̲λ㿴ңҿ㣬ڵأڳƣӷͬ̫ӵΪֹ
һСĩ׶εĹԱأߺӷͬ̫ӵΪֹ
ӷͬ̫ӵΪֹ
̫ӵΪֹ
ԪĺһϣΪֹ
Ϳ˳λˣ
ԪֻؿʲôҪը۵Ҫ鴤ţѹַͷǸ߸ߵ̨ףΣйâԼ̫
ʣܡҹƻߥޣȴϽ飬δʱҽݺҺ󹬣һƲɰ¶Ĵ޹ʵݣʣɡ
ԪỰ䣬˼Դͽȥϣãݣɣ
ʺ̧ͷŸλϵˣ촽һһϣãݣ
Ӧͣãݣ
ãݣ
̫ڣصԶ
ʢĵЦӸ¿ǣվһ١
ϡ
ûΪҪϣ
ʢĵЦЦ˵˿һȺ׳գǲǻʵۣɱǡҪɣ
˵գ̧žߡ


636 벻Ů

̫ڣһĳţһĻȻ
˭뵽һ֮˵ˡҪĻ
Ԭңңʺףʢĵ۳̫
ֱ
ְ
˵Ļ
ȻʣΣӰ
ʢ
տвˣգҲҪϽһŵĺ󳾣


ʺ鵭ĮĿţ˿ζЩٹٵıġ
Գˣ
ʮˣ
֪˭Ϊ֪ȴװưװװϹӣ
ûһΪҳ
Ϊûзϣԡ
ֻۿϷ
ʲô
ʲô
־ʲô
ڼģ
ƾʲô£
˼Դʺһʱӹۿţ뵽ϽүţĿڶµļ
ף벻ϣѲҪҪٹˣµİաҲϣʢĵۡ²λǴģ
ʺĿһۣ˵ǰĻǸ֮ʿ˵ʢĵ۵²λ
Ӻ˵㡣
㲻Ĺְ壿
˼ԴºһЦһƬƽ΢ųĸţֻһá궪ʧûʲôԵļˡ
ʺ΢΢һûҵġ
΢Ѳҵֻϣúһ˳졣˵գ΢΢̧ʺһЦԸ΢Ը׹Թ޻ڡ
ʺ˲Ļ㱣֪뵽ʲôƱƻϲ΢ۣʱѻָһƬȻȻĻϣǺõġ

ʢĵ̫ֱӻ幬
Ƿ鿴޵źСŮظ֮䶸ȻһϤļ¶ҲѰ
һץСŮϣͷҲصĺһ޹ȥ
СŮŵӷŲ죬ʢĵ۲ͷĽһƣ˫ֳסСŮ½󡭡
һ
ԬߵſڣĶ̶ס˽Ų
СԬ̫ȥѹԬҧ䣬常һ˸Ůɶ컹ûء
Ԭ̧ͷʱĩ죬ЦЦ˶Զһ㣬ʥϵ¡
СԬ̫ôô죬Цһϡ
ȥıӰԬ΢΢˰ַԸ׼ˮʥ
޵ڣٶ˵춯ŮӵʢĵԬһųš
һʱʢĵ۽ˡ
Ԭഹ˽ȥ
ʢĵһŴӴһˣ̧ȥι
ϡū澡ǹģϡ
Ԭɨʢĵ۱ץƤ򴽣̫СŮϳȥ
ʥϿҪԡ
ʢĵ۵ɹȥ޻ûˣȥҡɣ
ʥϣ⼸ڿˮڼ䣬ޡԬഹ
ʢĵһĴأϵӾȦζ£ǲܣ޵Ҫȥ
ʢĵˣԬɫ΢䣬ӦǣתСԬ̫һɫõĹŮȥźȥ۹
ɵ֪һ㶣ЦҪҵ
˵գҲԬ˵ʲôĴ÷˼񣬽ӹʵʵģߣߣȥ

µֽŶЩȥūȥһʲô£ū澡Ҳܵǰͷ
Цɵʲô㻹֪бʰңܵȵʱ򣿣İɣһȥȫȫβĻ
ū澲ģūȥִֵ
һűԼ첲ķЦЦãǾһȥ
Цˣ̧ĨһᣬԸԬԬ׼ˣ·ɣ
ɽһġ
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һ·Ƹϵ幬ʱʢĵڷ𣬽ȥźĹŮֱ˳СԬ̫תԬæӭȥ常ˣŭˣһҪ
ɷŷִӳЦſСԬ̫һۣԬ࣬Сİģ
Ԭ࿴СԬ̫һۣЦףĥ꣬ūڸǰǲס
û˵ʲô֣Խ޵
ȥСԬ̫һסѵ㣬ƢãˣһڵŰɡ
Ҽɫ
СԬ̫ĿԬ࣬ԬҡͷҵĶ浽Ȳѡ
ȲΣû˵ĵȴ˽
ڣû漸˵Ľơ
ߵǰЦŸ檲μӻϣ˵ż檣Ѷûü͸ˡ
ʢĵ۴Ӵ֣
һ˺һȻû뵽ܼһʢĵۣһûסЦˡ
ʢĵۣ͡ˡ
㡭Цʲô޳㣬ôЦ£
ҡͷö߶ȥᣬǸжģ˵Ϸǳ檲ɣǸлϡʮ˱ڣһ˸㡭
ʢĵüܾĸлЩ֣ԣȻٴ֣죬޴֡
ɳ˳ǣ⿪񶪵һߣҿһȦ¸Լһ裬һˣųʢĵȻһЦǻϣ˿ˮŶ磬ЩԵ£ûϾˣɺã
ãʢĵֱӾ̵ܾʹ࣬ɣ޲࡭
ɣ
࣡
ɷ˸ָָۣ⣬ϣǰ죬ղŶ
ʢĵ۱֮ǰЦĸõѵʱӦ룬ԼΪʲô벻Ů𣿣
ʢĵۻǵΪ׵ĹЦ˲ŷǾ֮ɫ㡭ҩ
̯֣ٴѵϣû֮ǰѾСŮŶ
ʢĵɫף
޹գգۡ
̫ҽ̫ҽʢĵظ
ԬӦˣСԬ̫ȥһ̫ҽԺ
˫ֺʮҼ׻
ϻۣµġԬ
ͷ蹫ԡ
ʱ̫ҽϵ޵ŵζŹ֣ʢĵۺŹ֡
ôΪʲôͻȻ˵
̫ҽһ㶣ۼʢĵ۶ŭæϣ΢ۻϵ彡ǣǡǲ̫ãҪ磽⡭
ԬһԽʢĵһʱı˵ˣ¼̫ҽ̫ҽ¼Ƥˡ
һΡͼķṦΰ
΢֪
֪֪ѵҪԺôʢĵ۱ŭһ뵽ĻƣһֱΪͣɡ죡
ȥˣ̫ҽԺ


637 ⡭ʲô˼

ʢĵ۴ǸԬģԬܺٻ˽ɽաԬûж
޵ڣһ㾲
ʢĵۻȻתͷ˫ŷɱ⣬Ԭ࣬Ԭ࣬ˣû˵ʲô𣿡
ʥϡԬ̧Ȱ̫ҽûйɱ޹
̫ҽ仰ѣһ˸飬æͷʥ΢޴Ͽ΢һ
ʥʢĵɫ׽ƿ̫һȺӬӪٹ٣ŭȵʥѹޣǵʲôˣţ
˵ţۿԬ࣬ūţʹˣţ
ūҡԬഹͶס׵ūһжΪӺá
Ϊ޺ãʢĵЦ޿ȥΣģ
Ԭ಻磬վԭء
ʢĵֱˣɨ۹һɪɪ̫ҽһ䣬ûõĶ
⿪̫ҽһ
̫ҽϲ˿ͷл˻ʶˡ
Ԭ࣡ʢĵ۴ȣȥ̫ҽԺ
Ԭ̧Щε̾Ϣʥ֪̫ҽԺһĽο࡭
οࣿ˵ǺοࣿʢĵƿڴŮ˶Ƥǻʵۣľ֮ｭɽ̰֮Ծɫܻķ𢳯١
𢳯٣
ûʲôڸеɣͻȻʢĵ۵Ļϣⶫ
ʢĵۣ
ɣ󵨣
ɵͷ檵ͦģݳٴѻϣùĵԸ壬Ͼû˽壬ɽٲ׳Ҳ޸ܰ
㡭ǲǡǲ㺦ޣʢĵŭӣָ̧ɡ
գգۣһΪϺãôẦԬ˵ǰɣ
ԬûʢĵۻҪٷŭʱֶһ䣬ߣ˵һ䳼ϲĻ檾͸ࣿô
ʢĵɫ䡣
ɣ⻰ʲô˼
ϵ˼ѽЦۣ׵ѽ
ѽִŮӽǣ޹һΣŲ
ʢĵȴֻЦĹ죬ʹ㡢ǡʲô
Ҫ˵ûʲô𣿡Ŵ
ʢĵҧ˵ϻǵ׶ʲôԬ࣬Ҳзǲǣ㷽ڴһֱƫ̫ӵˣ㡭ĪͶ˳Ԫ
ūЧӣδͶˣһ㣬ʥϷģԬ̧ͷɫ
ʢĵһʶͷȴ־ԬʥǷֿ˵ģ⡭ʲô˼


638 ˡ

˵ĸоҪԬ࣬ǡްɡ
ԬЩ죬Ŀԣ׵ľţЦˣʥʲôأūź˼ʮ꣬˽ū𣿡
ʢĵһ˲úЦԬʱߣȹΣᱳ
ޡˡ
̧ЩɿʢĵЦЦбԬһۣϻǶĺá
ʢĵۻȻͷɣˣҪ䣡⳯ڣģԬĪ㡭ʲô
ɳ췭˸ۣһУ檲ǻϻ벻֪ԼΪʲô벻Ůˣ
ʢĵ䣬Ԭ࣬Ůȥź˿죬˵
ϣ治ã֪ھ͸㣬ֻҪ檽һܡ̯֣ô򵥡
ʢĵ۽Žɣ̬ȴʮǿƣ޽
ɾ˴Ц˿欶ǣʢĵ۵Щ죬˵
ҡ£ϿϣЦ
ʢĵϸӯЦݽסɣҲޣ
ѵҳϣ̧֣ӵϸָ°ͣʢĵ´һ飬۹ɡͦϵķ񡣡
ʢĵۣ
ɣ󵨣
ʼ磬ϲ˵ˣ檸ˡ
˵գȻݲתҪȥʢĵ۱һһ±ƣҪڻƼŤϸһתͷգۣϿ˰ѳץΣԳ檻᲻ῪŶϣ󣬻ץ˳檣檾ɱʱܾܣ°뱲Ӷ֪ˡ
˵üȻһЦЦеˡ
ʢĵۣˣ
Ԭ࣬Ͻ˸ץҪ׸ʲôҩ޳ļң塭
ԬҡͷʥϣΨһĶûˣˡ
ʢĵ۵ͫһŤͷԬ࣬㡭˵ʲô
ʥûΪ𣿡Ԭ෴ʡ
л˵ǲ֪ߵ򣿡ʢĵŭȡ
Ԭ̾һʢĵ۵Ŀ£ͷ
ʢĵۺһûгΣЦһѹûߣ޲ǻһʲôģѲҲ޵Ļλ
Ԭûгʢĵ۲ɵĽԼɱƼҴһͨŭԬ࣬ȥ޺ѻ˵ĹλƼңᣡ
Ԭû


639 ޡǲ˵

Ԭ࣡ôˣ
ʢĵһӻӲ𽵹һ䡣
Ԭ࿴ûͷ˵һ䣬ʥϣū֮ǰһãǵ𣿡
㻹һãʢĵһû뵽ԬͻȻûͷûֵôһ䣬㡭˵𣿡
ԬĬһ˵ʥ˵˰ūңһҵ
ʢĵۣ
ȫûӡ
ûϵʥϲǵþˣʵūǰҵãڴ˼ҵѾߣֻǡΪһһ𡭡ɱˡ
Ԭഹ΢΢߬һһ˵ȥʱѾˣһкġмҡ
ʢĵһһк㡭û˵ҷʲôǸˣôݣȳһң
ԬЦмֿ̾ǰΪʲôݣȳǡôǻţһȥϣǰ
Ԭۣ߬ȭͷţ鴤ļֲɢŨҵϢ
ʢĵľԬ࣡
ԬȻ۾һ˫Ѫ죬Ѫޣһ̾Ҫ˹ǰ˺ɱ
ʢĵ۾ӺӦϲȻŭԬ࣡
ԬһΣѪָǰŭӵʢĵۣͷʥϡ
ʢĵִ̧ס޲Щ߰ĻҲûΪñ𣬵ҵ˽⣬㣬һΪõƽڵװ׵ģΣ
Ԭ΢΢ɴֱֱۣĿʢĵۣЩ죬ʥϡ
̫лޣֻ֪Ϊʲô벻ŮˣȥʲôӶҪÿ˵죡ʢĵҧгݵ
Ԭҡͷʥϣūһ仰û˵ūøūһš
ʢĵüʲôʱˣĻעʲôʲôԬԽԽû³ֲ̣ˡ
ھ֪㡢㷽˵ʲôʢĵֻŸ죬ȴһʱ벻
ԬЦţܴһӣİǣҲԬ˵Ĵģ
ʢĵ۽üͷԬ࣬ޡǲ˵֣


640 ǳү书ʦ

ǡ
ԬȻֱͦ˼׵ЦҲ˼̹ϸһЩ廳֮飬ôʢĵۣûжûͼ⡣
̾һҵһȵ̫ˣõҶҪҵʵʲôˡ
ġʵݣ
ʢĵ¶Ȼղ̫һԬ࣬ĵǹɲԽŨң죬ŷԼЩƣʲôʵʲô
ЩȲȴЩӼľܾԬ˵ʲôܡ
ʵϣԬȷʵ˵ˡ
һҲ󲻴ܡ
㡭˵ʲô˵ʲô˵һ飡ûʢĵ۵ۣĿŻҵĹ⡣
ԬǳǳһЦţϰգм˵ȡ
ȻƼʢĵ׵ĻңҲ֪ĵĿ־壬ɡԬడŵ׾˾ˣ
ɣġūԬˣ
ԬϽȣү书ʦүæѰأΪرҵ˻ߣ𱣻ȫüҵİһš죬һ˰٣ûڹӲһҹֱºӣŸϻع죬Һܸˣϻʲôϲ£Ҽǵ˵ҵ˾˾ˡ
ʢĵۿЩİԬ࣬к¡
˵ÿһ֪ϵһ𡭡ʲô˼
ʲôͷȹ
ʲô̹书
ʲôߣҸӰŵģ
ʲôһĻ
ʲô
ʲô
˵Ķʲô
ʢĵſ죬ɬ㡭ҸӰߵİ׮
Ԭ࣬ƺڵƺͣƺҪ⻰
ԬЦˡ
Цҡͷ
˵С㿴㣬ϽûеõˣЩݺ޻ֵ֮˹ȥᷴУԡ
ԡ
ʢĵҡͷͫ͵𶯣̫࣡
۶˵Ԭѣ
ԬЦʲôʱ˵̫ࣿ
㲻̫ࣿ
ʢĵ͵ĵɴ۾ôܣ㲻ǡ
ԬͷҴδ˵̫࣬ΪˣȷʵǴСѰҽκˡ
㡭ǡ
һἰС㣬ʢĵۻ˸飬ͻȻӦԬеĴС㣬ԣĻʺ


641 Ц

뵽ԼЩ£Ԭ˵Щֻŭ쳣ǰƴԼԼΪ˶ᱳѣҲᱳѵˣȴԭͲˣ
ǻ֮
Ц
ǡƭޣ
ʢĵۻҡͷ˵ϵķŭȴҡͷĹУһһۣ˵ƭʱȻʱ̧һԵ̫ʦΡ
˳ڵ̺ϣƺ˱ȴʱ޹ȴá
Ԭཫ㼯ķŭһЦţ̬ƽºͣûյıϥûһ֮磬ĮȻĿ
Į룬϶ˣС㣬Ͻүδƭ㣬Ҿȹ棬ߵţôҲ棬ƭ
ˣƭ
ʢĵ۷ŭĺ
ԬЦϿɻǵã㵱껹Ϊʱ裬˭ˮ֮еģ˭վǰЩֳܵһµģ
Ļ˵Ȼתɱ֮ʢĵۣԣͼĨɱ㡭ҵһˣ꣬δ޳֮ˣ
㡭󵨣ڮ١
ʢĵۿڷ˵һ뱻ԬƳ壬ڮ٣ҶɱϽɱүǶԴС㡭㻹Ҫڮ㣿
ʢĵ죬ȴûҳĻֻӲı粵һ䣬ޡǻʵۣĻʡ
ûң˭Ǹӣڼ㵱ݵλɻĳԪᣡҰ㵱ˣǸˣ㣬Ȼߵ̫ӣ
Ԭ˵ţ͵ı۾ʱ˫İɲ⡣
㡭ģ
ʢĵɫ𺣬Ŵαסͷụ̆ȴּɵԬ֣۾ɨӣѰҰڡ
ԬľٶЦһ㲻תƻ⣬תҵע޵ڵİͱתƳȥˡ
ʢĵεĵɹʱһЦıҲʱ幬İûˡ
ʲôԬ࣡޴㲻㾿ʲô㡭ʢĵ׾֣ȴֺܿѹ¡
ԬȴһҲûںµҲ֪ˣİЩ㴦¼УĵĲˣϴȥץ˴뾫ʣЩдɱү¶𣿡


642 ϵڶҿɲϵһ

ʢĵȻţЩÿ궼еݲ˽ȥô˵Ĵ
ġͲˣȻϢݸ㡣Ԭ൭
ʢĵ۵һ˫ƺ֪ðڳʲô
ԣǰЩ¶ǹģ
ӦҵİӣĻƭЩ˵Ĳ֮ڴ֮ϰ̫˾ˡ
Ԭס
ʢĵ̲סƿڴĶЩô㣬Ѻĵɽ㣬幬İȫ㣬޵㣬ôر޵ģ
ԬЩȻЦˣ壿ϵڶҿɲϵһ
һ˿ƫȻʢĵ߷̣ţŭų޵˻𣬡ˣˣްҳץɱɱˣ
޵⣬бгȴ޽Ų
ʢĵ²̨໽Ҫ޵Ժˣ̤һĽͳʹ˽ˡ

ſнͳ֣ȴֻ֪˼մ춯˶յҧԬָ࣬ԴͳԬץϳȥɱˣ
ͳվԭûĽû
ʢĵŭ𣬡ǲҲ췴䶼ץˡ
㲻˭ˣץ𣿡
Ԭ൭󿪿ڡ
ͳ쳯Ԭ౧ȭԬ
ͷǣ֤֤ڣϻҪǣˡ
ͳ΢ͷбʢĵһۣͷԬȵģԬҪұȥʸף
Ԭ࿴һۣЦ˼಻ˣıǡ
ͳĿԬ೯ףͳмٴαȭ
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С㣬Сǧ̫ˡỺЦ⣬㻹ҪһȥǸС˵õģӭүظſڽؼҵġ
ĿˮݵĻʱһ˲ͷԣǡؼҡ
˵ؼҶ֣̲ס̧͸еֿλһʣתߡ
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үʦͷѩȻ֪Ϊ£ڻô꣬Ľᣬֻµ޷⿪ˡ
̫ģ̫Ƚϵ׺񣬻ϻλģΪһ㣬ֻҪȽ£ǲµġ
ʦͷ̫ᣬȴС˹ϵ׺񣬵ֻЩʱʧԡ
үͷһ֣صͷ
ּŮܷԼķϵλԼĶӵ˻ʵۣе̴ϻۡıƣ𡮲С֡

Ҹӵλ߹ֵչ䣬ֵӭϰˢˢվԾĸ˶棬ƺƵȥ
ӭүؼң
ӭӢؼҡ
ӭϽؼң
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Ӣۣ˭Ϊ֮ۡ
ѩԽԽ󣬸İȴûһȥ
ǲᶨҸӵ㼣һһǰš
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˱ѩ۾Ե˻ְһ
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ᦣǰᦣ
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СϾȻΪϽСүٰᦣ


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ȴЦˣ游ǰĸдףȴûԸգҵ˵ݣΪĸдס¶Ը⣿
Խ㣡»Ȼ̧ͷһ˫ˮѪ˫˵Ĺâģ𣿡
ЦȽĸǳ׶µδޣΪΪʮѣţֻҪԸ⣬ͿԽ
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һ߬߬򼤶֣ƽԼӹԵݹıʣ֣صڸԱߣĸµ䡣
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㿴ָ֣һˡ
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Ϧս㡣ļ̌ۿ졣
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655 

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ľȻҡͷʵۼݱƷƽ˾аҶ֪οô̻̲ġ
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ԣնȻѡ
˹ȥץסĸ첲游죬游;˾ǣҲȥ̷Ҳȥ
ԣԣ游ƲŷӦһ㣬ϡͷϵ鱦ȫʿС
ȥȥʦȥҸ磬ҶүǮңȴ˰ԼŮ
˫Ŀ죬Ҫ˵ʲô˱ʿһңҲ
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ҧסҧƣѪ¶ɭɭѪ֮
ս飬ЦּʮжնҪѧּı𣿣
Ķһ٣ʿ͵һקק˳ȥɿߡ
鷴ӦסյĲӣˣ׵ܵܣôģôġ
Ϊʲôģץ˫֣Ŀ⣬ֻǵĶӣҲʮ»̥ģо˾ʱ򣬿ң飬ʲôĸף
סǰŮ졣
ȴ˵ЦҺץΪʲôҪ֣Լ
󼸸֣Ƕ۾һһ˵ģǳѪƴ̶ʱķ񣬶ȻƲɵ


656 

һ˹ȥסգ̧־Ҫˣˣˡ
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Ǹ˵˵ӲùÿնҪзԡЩŹ֣ҲΪڵ̫µׯӣš
ҪŸԣľü
Ӧǡ
ľȱЦˣǵڽ̷ĥˣֽĴС㣬Ӧũɡ
뵽˸Լĳ棬һ
˵ܲס͵ץµһׯӶ֪ˣ˴ĹŮʱЩץͷ·ֶΡ
ľһԼ
ľȣ
ȥͦʵģЩ뿴ˡ
歶˲ˮһѾ飬ֵǱ˵ʲôˣô飿
ľȳЦЦ
ȿȡԡ
ƳԼҸһۣüһյľߣЦȽƽˣӵʲôʱ죿
ľϵЦһͣ˶٣Ц˵ˣȹɽٽһЩӡ
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뵽Ϊ˱뿪ˣЩСĿھ̲סĳۡ
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סˡ
ΪʲôҪô


659 ֻҪ

ǰΪʲôô
ľЦ˫ȴһƬͨ졣
Ծˣ죬һҵԼ˵أ
û֣ԼЩ˻ơ
ľһǸĿԣùãֻҪҵǡкˡ
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ľȴӣԻв˲䣬ૣùãԲ𡭡
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˵Բƽվ̫£Ĺֶ͡Ů§Ľģʣµйùã㲻Ҫˣȥҹɽȥ
˵ԲģǹùãùΪˣΪһ֮ĸȴûܻȫôĿӡ
§§ľȣŽ˷ſȥᣬֻһ뵵ˮЦŶľȵȥɣȥҹɽ
ľһЦԴ㲵ٿȻһ䣬йâҫ۵Ʋ۾
תȥصĳȹţŲɿ죬Ṧ
Կȥ̾һ׼Ԭ䣬һͷִͻּܲϣһ㶡
ùԬ߽Ƽͷּܲ뵽ľܳȥģɶһۡ
С㣬ôˣùÿڵ
̧ͷǶˣЦЦָŴͻּܲԬ࣬ȥһˣּܲȥɽ
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ܳʲô£С춨ԵùõĻ˵һסԴ飬С㣿
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Եͷ
ԬĬȻҵûȥˣַ˲ٺתʢĵ۵ߣš
ùҲʶԣЩţǱСҽѵûбİ취
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ùæͣͷ
ԳһĨЦҡͷҲ֪ΪʲôѰҽ˭ҽȽõģ
ͬʱĬ
԰֣Ԭȥʹͻּܲ
ԬˣתߣߵſʱͻȻתͷ˼ּмС㣬ϽƣóƶҽѰķӲã˵бķӣ
һһ̣͵վ𣬡ƣԣԣԣʢĵ۴ݣһֱûлϽ½ϵĹƶҲæ϶ιɽԬ࣬ȥȥȥæСȥⷿʲôõĳֵġǷͷж죡
ԬùöһۣæӦ
һԣһŴͻּܲɿ˳ȥ

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ͷһ죬ŮӴߣͷģЦŨģ
ȥĳʺ
ΪŬԼһ㣡
Ŭͷϣ


660 

̫˴ͻϢձ㴫˳츮
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ҡͷ֪ΪҶΪҡΪʲôףɽĸ׵йأɽ̳򱱺һŹңŹɽһвڸĿġ


661 ˵ĵ

С㣡æڣסħ֮ȥˣȥˣɽҪ׸Ժ򱱺үģūϺүүĶԻɽ˵ĺأܺܿҪˣвˣвүˡ
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ģū׶ģϺүүδ˵˾Ųʮʹƶ
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ΣֻȰãūȥˣȥˣϢһū˸һ㡣
ϰڰ֣ţˣԸȥطϢ
һų˷䡣
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ҧ۷ԸȥǵˣүĲΣСģϺүү
СѾӦһֶǱҲҪ˾ȥ̽ģ𣿡
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662 

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鵣Լ˵ʲôʺƨĴæ𿪻ͷ׵ӿɶˣҸ߶ʲôױãûʲôҪģܸ塢˵ǰﲻæ׼öѹ׵ӻеģ
ԬѵûвۣһֺǺǸͣǣǣ塢
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ľҲЦˡ
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663 

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ھպụ̂뵽õģֻռˡ
ռ˶ɵ֪պʲôˡ
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˵ȥͲȥүӵŭдźܴ˼ĸһӵĸӲӶˣ
ĸͲĸˣ⻰˵˵˵̫̫ո⶷־Խ߿õʦλүϷ˵˵ʮ꣬ܲܵĵһͷ
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664 ȫ

㡢㡢ȽĻ񣡡
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飬̫ȽĹϵ϶Сʵȥģ
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665 ɲ


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