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==================

 1 

һ¯ȵͷۻ߲·󣬶̫ҪѵϵһˮɹûƵġ
  ŽգеݵǶﲻšػæµŵֻЩײĴʹѾͷ,Сǡ
ƶһô¡ï֦ҶͶһƬ񣬵Ҳˬ֪ļ˸ľŵϵļֻϣʱʱ¼Ż
ССŷֵСִӴ̽ͷģ᷿˯ܵʲô
ĨĨͷϵĺϰ
Сſڴ̨Ϸܵ첱ӣʲôɿġ
ҿϣȴֲϡ˵һϰ
Сͷȫ˵ʲô˿ϻġֻܹȰŵȥɡү϶ҪЩչ˲ˡ
Ʋµİ˰֣ҳǰҩȥ˯ɣùҡ
Сֿ׵Ȱ䣬ǲ϶Ь˴ϡС֡ĲڷЪţܵſڿϡ
Щʱ޺СƣҡȣСǸ֡û¾ϲЩƧطꡣƫƫ͵үۡ㲻ù
˵ŻŻ
޺Сֶɻյգ˭Űݷáæʰװ򿪴š
ɫĴŸһ򿪣ƼһüĿﱧűɡ
Ҽģǰݼ˵ʹӻͳһŰСϡ
СϸϸĿ˿İӡĸ֡
СºȻ
Զԥݣ¾óŰľֻλʵۺٵСү
СֵսսĻػ֪СүˡзԸͨ
Ҫ֪ȻΪӵĵӣȴֵתģҪиţͲ֪ôˡλСүʶǧ֣ǴˡĵñӰ
λСүһЩġ
ɱȭ˸񣬹ƿӣү³
䣬һλ޵ĹӾͻ̽ӡ
һ˫ۼֱԼһޣȴȥԶʮ㡣
С־̾һæȥԺͨ
ƻԹԵĶڵϿǼָֻ״ϡ
ʲô
ͻŵ˸顣
ϡתͷƼһվڲԶ
ƲƬ̣˳Ǻÿˡֻǻ¶͸һƣ˾Զ֮
˴ϵĻңվҾھǴľˣȻ档ܴǸҲǸӡ
֪λ͡ʧˣʧˡ
СүҲĻʣʲô
仰ʵƵĿλ֪ũԶƲж㿴ȺһֱߵǨ㣬д갡
СүǼֻϵ˵ͷ˼ʮˣҲ³ˡ
ֻǡ̫꣬ЩƵͷȫȻûעߵѾԶ
عͷҪʧǰԺӰ֡˼һֲ˵ꡣ
ļҵĹӣôû
Сү塣޻ػźЩƣЩƮƮġССүھУֻйٲܽ
ƳġŶһϷʵЦšԭİ˵Сүû䣬дз磬Ǽ١
æס죬үΪ游ĸТЩèĹӸǺ˵Сү˽ۣϴ˸С˵ͷ
ͷЦŵЦЦ
ĳϡ
ڷ͵һʱ˲Ķ˲裬ˮĵˮЩСΪ˿һλĵʥСүͷꡣ
ƶڴ¿һϣȵĳһĺθŲˮ
ˮѾ͸ˣЩɬȴֹʡ
ϣҵСءһͷߵС˼᷿ͿյЪš
ңæأʲô
үΪʵۺ¡ء˵žȥ֡
Ƽæ㣬ȥȵȡ·ʪˣȻһ
鿴˿Լ˿յֹֻ֣֡תȥԹԵš
ĦؿڡҿԼĿ졣δŮұ֣Լϵ֪˷ҪԼȡ
ɿʵ·ż鵽˻
ˡһ˿Ų豭һԺ񣬾ޡ
ǰ
˷ܵһվˡ
ƣüͷ΢ɲ塣
ΪԼĹزæЩܵҵſͣ
岢ͷŪĲ豭Įʣôģ
ʹٲҲ֪˵˵ſЩġ²Ҫǽš
ҲεЦЦᣬʿҵ
üͷĸˡң
ҡҡͷᣬҲǽϡȴͽûʲôϵ
Ļͷ
ΪƲҴСй֮ӡЦ˵֣ſȻᣬıһֱء˵˵˵ž˴
Ƶ׵ʾ⣬ɤӣ֣صү֮ǵĴʱ͢¶Ϊɺ֮·ġ͵Ļᱻ˲࣬͵ļ򵥻ñºġ
岻ÿɷȴŶͷһƣ̬֪ġ
Цĵ⣬ͣһֵǧͶëءǸꡣ֪̫ʲô
̫볯֡͢嶢ûһ˿ĸ顣
Ʋҧ˺ǺôֱʡҲ̫Щ
Ҳǵһ֪ҵġǰ۽ҶôǮ
ļ磬οҶҶôǮȥ뼸ʿͳɡ
ڴſϵԭ򣿡ĿɨЦЦĵ
ҡҡָȫǡҿֻġ
ɱ²ЩĶĲ豭ڡ
ϳЩʵĵĸŹأ
ƵȻҲףЦЦֻá
۶ǰ鷢ԥſڣԵû˻𡣡
ͷЦĬĬĺһڱе衣Ĭ
е㺩˵ӣ˵ɵԣʲôڱﶼϺ
ɵ𣿡ײĲԾָʵ
ŻӵͷɳﲻæҡͷǲǣȻǴˡԻڵѡ¸صĵʿ
ײҲûӣȻѡƭ˵ϵʿôȷ⼸ꣿ
ߵԺУ˿ơ㿴Ʋ״ۡ䣬졣죬Ҳߡ
İ붮ֻգ۵ͷˣ˵а¡
ŵЦЦλıְҾͺáʵ²꣬ҲΪ޵ġ
ߵԺУҲ̧ͷ˿졣½ˡأ
Цʱ򣬾һճһƤҡ
ղЦģվıֱүǰѾ񡣺α¡
ббĿһۣе˼
ȴɶͷԣʲô˼ʲô񣿡
Ц𡣡Ҫүˡ                    
лҪ˵ĿӣҶղأͶƱ

 2 

ĺܼ򵥣򵥵ҪһӡҲѣѵЩ鷳ͳȥ
ȥʱԼ׵Ĳͬ
ȻñϲȴԬΨһ׶ӡҲԬšȴСûıһֻܿԼ
֮ǰȻҲҪͻʲôһ̬ȡ
ӡСϺǴǻϵĵӣϺء˶ꡣҲͷֻۡСӣȻЩڵҲĿĸˡ
̬ȸϿ߻̲ˮ
֪ȻЩɵµſһȴĺܡġŮȴһ㡣ǸŮȻ˷һ֪ǸֻײɵΪǸӡҲ֪ļҵĹﲻڼҺúôţ˳
ŮӦýҲ֪ǳ˶ıŻܳĸ䣬ֵࣿôţ徹Ȼƽ׶֮ġ
  ʱѾձɽ
ү̶ˣλűʡ
üġͣĸϵǣһ̲ҵȥ  ıЩƣ
ˡЩʱȥֿڵҩ򼸰˷ҩúȣԺžС
ǴСģ֪ԼӲϲʣȻɻ󣬵һ䶼ûйʣֻͷӰס
ڶһ磬ӰȻľȥֿҩүҩˡ
ڰǰԼüļ΢΢סȥԺհɡԸŷ˭ݷö˵Ҳز͡
ӰӦһҩ˷źСѾͷߵţڽš
̣˵ܲ٣ܲٵ
˲Ǳˡǵ̫س̫ǻϵĵӡܵû
̫һƵǰվ͵˾Уֵþò˵˵
ӰЦ׼ƴǣ˵Ǵɰ̫ˡ
ҲһĻȴһľƵϡ˵仰һǴ􁕡
ӵĲ̥ġۣľͷҲģʮȴҲûнĿܣֻһְο
̫ӿԼλƺܲˣɣյɡ㲻˸Ұɡ
̫⻰͹ˡǴǳӡôһ߿һߵ
̫֪αҲ˵磬㻹Ǳ˵ˡżӻȥɡ
􁕱첱Ӵָ֣̫Ӱ˵һ仰
ӰλɴܣĸáֻӲͷƤǰ׼õ˵˵ҼүҹȾ˷纮λȻȥɡ
ªɣڳ˾ôš
̫ȻͷȴҲֻΪϺÿô廹ȥܸϣȾ˷纮
􁕴˺һŵȻӣǱܴȾˡ˼ҷǲ㡣
Ӱ۹۱ӣǹġҲҳһ
̫ӸǱҭ˵ⱾǴ֪£㵱ôôѿ
Ӻӵǰ䡣
􁕺ݺݵķ֣վس㡭Ҹ߸ʡ
̫νİڰ֣Сʱһҳܾ͸߸ʣû˼ĺܡ
ӰмΪѣȴҲܰԼֻһЦλүҪ档ϵˣλȻȥɡͷӾͲˡ
̫ӳ̾˿֪Ǽˡ˦ӷ߷Ȼ
􁕼ˣҲֺǺǵġֻҪ̫ӼţҼŶν
ӰЦԶ˲һŷԺλô˵
ŷ˫ֻŲϣλүҪˡɴܣСꡣ
ֵվſڳ²̾ʹ˻ϵĶ
̫ӱ۾Ҫл
˵̫ӾټҶǧʲô˼һ߰űһߵ
ƿֱߵǸ룬ʿˮģͳݳƷĹϹǴެġ
ƻûļ־ʡʲô˼ǵ
ǧĶһֱ̫Ӹ𡣶һжʼβˣ̫ͷϣᱻֹ
׵ıѾ˵ףַԸ׼һݡͲĻֹ
ȥ˻۾һֱҪڻı롣ᣬ̫ӵˣֻҪ㲻£̫ӾͲᵣġ
˵׸벻Ҫ¡Ȼ⻰û˵
Ҫʲô׳˵ڶ룬ǰѾˮ
̾˿ٵİһ˲졣ʲôͿԡ
ʲôá˿ɻ
ʵʲôöûСƸ̵ûֱ˵ĵĸ˻⣬ʵϵʿҵô
״Ц˰ƹ۵ϵʿɹƭͨİɡǵˣȷꣿ˿⣬
ôٷְءжĵĳɷ֣һһ
¿ݺô˵
ƲƲ죬˵ʲôȥ̸̫ˡ
Ҳǣ˵벻ݺ񡣵ֻвѰ·Գϲ
°룬ŵʱ̫Ͼ񣬻Ҫǵȥ¹Ԭº˵һҲԷһٳٲҲԵúᡣ
ǵȻ׵ͷ˸ʲˣĸܰ˵˵ǧҡ
ƺٺЦô㣬Ϊſ͡Һһϵơ
Ȼô˵ţҲֹһүǲ꣬һӢɾȫˡ
ôһֱҹȵ˯ţſڴ̨Ͽ졣
ҹƵǶ࣬ˡҪܴ׾͸ˡ
үĻƵģȻĴס¡¡ģĴ
Ьӳ˷ţµʯͷʪġνζ磬꣬ǹµĻ
ţƾ͸оһˮıǼϡϲ־Ϳһһεˮġ
µԽԽԽԽһžžĴܣһ֧˸Ƿ߽˷䡣
ʯͷ˵ףֻˬࡣһҹ˯ʮֺáȵԺʱѾˡ
ʱ䣬ʱѾˡⳡ̫¡ôţһͷ˱ȵǧڵ綼ɢˣŽʰһżԷ
״Ժɡûд
ΪǱϽͣĵĹͷЦ˵Ҳ̫佱ңֻҵı֡
һץסļ򣬡ʲô佱Ҫԥݡ
ԥݣƻûзӦ˭˵ģ
żϵһڲŴŴȻԼ˵ģһƭ𣿡
Ƹɻˣ岻һ֮Եԥݸʲôǲǻ⣿
׵һ̫⣬ʮֻλǲԶﴫ
ȻǡȻʵĻĻ̫ӵĻˣ˼

 3 

ǧϣٹһá˵ٹ٣ܾһҲֻƷϵĸ߹١Щ֥Ĺûʸÿյġ
ڴϣֱߵһһļǹƺֻҪͬʱ־гļݡ
ǧ̫ӰǻˣҪ֪İջΪճͷء􁕿װĽ̻Ի͵
̫ͷһƣզֲһ˰ģΪһԲҲ޳ɵġ
һ벻޳ɣҲҪ̫׿ϰĸˡⶽ鵱ģҶҡ
̫۾⻰˵ģжĶĿֵˡ
һ仰Ҳ˵ֻܵǰľƲ˷ʱʱɵЦʾ͡
һԵžƱҲ֪ʲôǸſͻĺܣʡ˲İɡ
˵ƣ׶ʱ˾񣬡ȷͱſͲͬзӰңҷϡŹֵġͱ˵ⳡ꣬˭ô׼
年˹ǣһ˿塣ôſͣҲʡٵ¡
ǵȻĴȣ˰
˵һ룬׾ЩԾ̽ʡ֣ǲҪ
ֻǾſȤЦ˵ȻִҪ͸ңҾȴ֮ˡ
¸ͣȵ춼ˬֻһżϣֹסꡣ˸硣ԣôˡ
ô㰡˼׿޵һѱһᣬԥݶܡֶرϲҲûа취
Ʒ˸ۡ˵ȱſͣŲءǸӣͲҪʲôſͣôʩʩȻİԼҪȥ϶ʲôĴ㡣ѵ˵ҪԼ֪˽£ûʲôֵôķơ
Ѿˣٲ˳Ҳ˵ȨģûȨƾŻϲҲԼͷ
̾˿û˵ʲôʱȥϣ
׵˵ͷ˵ֻһڣģҪ
Ʒꡣǿϧһڣûھûθˡаɣʰװ
׷ѹһһóûʲô˵ģԺôϵ㣿
ưƳӣ£ˣҪҸ⡣˵žҪŹϡ
ֻ첲ţȥϣҲѰһǿԺϵġ
һ֣ˤ˵ϡѣءˣԬ㲻µġ
˵ЩͰ׸˳ȥԼҲһˣȻ֪Ĵ֪ԼͳȥֺñˡҿԼŮĺܺãȻͱˡ
ţᡣˣһӾҪ뿪Щ˴
̾˿վʰŶ
գ껹ûû˵šҲСȴʪƵЬࡣ
һߵ˸Ҿлһ֪֮Ϊ˱£׼Աʱ֮衣
׽ӹҪ𿪣ͱס˸첲ȵΣʱڴ򿪡
׵˵ͷɰװҲǹҪ˵ġ·չ˺Լ
˰ѻɫֽɡһࡣ
õһ١仰˵̸벻ֺáֻ˵Ǳˡľһթ࣬ĳ
˸Ҳౣءʵûӵ¾͸дŰɡ
Ǹɽָո¹꣬·ߡҡҡλεģε˵֭Ҫ³ˡ
ӣСϣ˿˿ġࡣ
Ӱе֧֧ᡣΪģҲ̫ÿЩкλʮ꣬Щ֮ȫһô
˹֣Ĵó˼㡣үԸҸġ
ϲ⣬û뵽·ҲܳƵĸ㡣һС˿˿ĺóԼˡ
θںҲͺࡣЦʣжòܵ
Ӱڳϣ˿ˮϡɽͳ˽ˣڸյ·Ҫˡֻ¸ͣ»ᵢЩ
ƿóĴüͷӲĿԷˡĸָЩⴶžҭˡ
ӰЦЦĸһᣬôȥƫҪˡ
Ů۾
ƽЦȻô˵ֻǫѧǳϣϡ
ӰΪǫ飬ļ򣬡СͿɾԷƱˡھʱүʱ˵Ȥܱү佱˶һˡ
ĸ㱻ĵĵ˵ϣֻεЦšүޣүޡ
ӰĴСˮҿ˺˼Сүߵģ˵еԺʲô¾ң㡣
Ƶ˵ͷǿȥ
ϱε߻أٺõĵҲԲȥʣµĸãǻǿЩ·ɣ߶ɽˮϵɳǿҪ
ӰĿ⳯ȥС˵ǡ˵ţʹȥү
ͣͣûûˡүҪѹȥûµһӲƵġ
ϳ˳Ծ˯΢һθ͵ĵܡ
Ӱܷү˵һ˵ҿǰƴ̽ͷ
С㻹ӿɲ񡣡ӰŶңʡ
Ƴͣڼʱֳ̹ҡ
ӰɫʮʮѿܵǰүС
üͷҼҵʲôǼ˳Ӱɡ
ءŰɡ
Ӱ˻ܻСүء
ͷٴҪˡһģƻûƢҲ档
ֵ˱ˮˣѹθĶġֻϣ㵽
Ժڳϲ֪ڼ죬ڻͣˡ
СϸˡӰ
Щļ羱ȣڵˡ
ȻԶԥݣɺ;Ĳ¡ɫĴţɫߡݶķ̽ǶĿ̻ġ
´ۡȴñ﷢̲ס˸硣
ǸЦЦ·Ҫ
Ӱ˵գʵ㲻˷纮˰ɡ
⻰ǰ̽̽ĶͷǷˣСɨһ᷿ȥС

 4 

ԥݵشԭºͣھǻʪЩھǴľˣЩӦټ⼸۳Ͷ٣ҹ˷纮һϾһ󲡡´
ôڳԷٶһҩӳ㲡û͸ء
СѾͷ鷿ﲦģ˵չʳӡ
Ʋ̾˿ԼҪźһʱ̵ԼҪ˷ԼŮźá
ƿٰǸɾķѾõĲˡٹˡ
Ϸɺ죬ǿү֧Ҿū澡ƵϹ
ƿϵĨΣЩԡ֣ĻиſѾߵĵҲˣҪȥġ
پ죬¶ظֻѾ߲Գһ㡣ұ׾𣿡
һڷҭɤֻܴƴĿԡˣү⼸տҹҡ
ٵ˱ˮ˳ûСϾͲˡүš
СڵĺŲˮЩɬʵ֣ԼĲ˶ˣҲ١ԶİԼͼʲô
żϷҩߴ١ҩˡ
Ӧһһ˶ǡϿ캬˿٣֪жλ
ͷһᣬʮλɡү۵λүʱ͸ŵġүʲôҪλ
Ƶ˵ͷû뵽λƵҲ̵
ڸ˿ʮգǱ߻ûʱֻܺ졣
⸮ǿܼҡүȥ󣬷ûҲȥˡ⸮ǿܼҡһ߸ưһ˵
һެģĺܡûгˣ
Сٵ˵ͷүʱмء
ĵľ˳£үȥ鷿š
³˼Ѻˣ˲־ܡ٣һں˵
ʮλֱ׺վ鷿һλ׵վλ˶վ󡣿λˡ
վ棬쳤ӣ뿴ڸʲôһȺлǱסߡ
ּҪΧݸʳǿм⣿ʵ
ǰһַˮԥ뾩಻ԶΪʧ꼰㣬־ҪӸøһЩǡ
ǵ϶ǼϼӼӸõȺʱ¾ǻ𱸡һλ
ð졣ŴһȺм˳ΪҪδѣλҪ񡣲϶Ϊһ˳ʳ̲롣ֲֲڵʳүô
忴Цĵüͷô⡣
ҪֻǾһŮӲӦͷ¶档ο֮У˲Ϣ䣬һСľҪײߡ
Ƭ̣˽𣿡
ƳƳվſڵСˡС˵ǰػүҰΪλСҲҪҵĴȥ췣
ʳٺ»֮¡Ϊүˣδ֮УȫСʲôڵ
˻֣ʾ¡ȻѾ⣬˵𣿡
ƻܣһȺ˽ҡͷЦЦ˸񡣡үһлҪ˵
ֱĶ³һ֡
ƿ񣬱Щ˿ˮǴӾǳʱ;壬еǸɽҪܿźá
վߵǰ㲻·γʱ۲Σ
Ϊγл۲Ρվֱӣ͵ƣֻаѳÿŻ
ݣҲѹҪȥˡЦذߣдί״Ĳˣ
ƿѩ׵ֽ°ݲ¶ˡЦǺǵͺˡ
Ǿͺáֽۺ÷ŽŷУǷߵǰȻĲˣڸû¸СǶддšԥݣкܶ²ס½ȥ
˵žͰǷί״
ƿԼί״ֻίһקסӵΪҲҪϤ
忴֣üͷ
Ƽɫæɿ֣ЦϤլϤظҲǿԵġ
鷿ţѻǰߡһλڵӽס
λǴӾɡΪֲүмӡ
Ŀ࣬ɫڡǸ佫
ƹ˹֣ˡ
ӰһӣոߡˡС˲ͬԺǶǷֿġģֻһˡպҪСա
Ц˳ǰߡ
ҵĹգֳ˭ա̾žǲԼԼȥСʡѲ֮ãŰԼҪ
ƴ˸սŸ첲뷨ߡ
ǵ֪λСһʱƹȥ
һλò毺õСѾͷ߽ȥд顣
ƱϷһԵ棬˸ƣͷ·ˡ
ԺԺĲȫͬԺ϶ءԺӵ˽ˮԺӡ
ȷǽʿԸ޵ĸнϾЩСѾͷĵ
סԺӵĶ棬һžһֻиվߴߴĵˣˡ
СѾͷЦЦи硣
һĺ档
Ƹ̤ţɤӵϣǺɡ
˰ʷǰй񣬰ŵֽóҲ֪ҪдЩʲôִʡ
ڴһЦʱĸͰӡЩȥˣĻʲôˡ㣬Ҹͷ
ƾóһ亹⻰ҪǱˣֻ˶Ҫϳȥԡ
߳һס⣬Ҳû˺˵˵˵˵ˣģ
ƿֻվƴˡȻԼŮǱ˲֪һСԼ˫ܳԷдֵ־Ͳ֪ܱܲˡ
Ȼû£¾͸ˡүǱ߻Ҫµءƿٵİϵıīֽ
ЦЦưŵá㡣Ȼ͸ĸûϵȴһ硣дŰɡ˵žԭϡ˵д
ƽӣͿ֬ˮһԼ꣬Ѭͷ͡úõһһ㡣ϢĬĬİϵɰ˸飬ʴۣĸ档ҿˣԺҪҽ԰ӵĻˡ

 5 

վûбơ
Դϴ˽ԺӡεǲдţʫйϵģҪƽйȥһͨ
˵ǸʲôˡԺ˿˿Ƶʵ
ٵģѾ߶ЩֹȥǮ
үʱ͵ġظ󡣲⸮Ҳүġȥȥٵ
ƿϵ˿һȦһȦٲãҡҡͷҲүҵĵһˡүپ۸ֵ͡ҾԺˡ
֪ϴε˸ЦЦο˵ЦˡүŲȥõġظﵱٵĿɲү˵
̾˿ٲ˵ҲһҪ̻˵ǿ
ٿ˿ߣСڼﾭæɡ˿߲ĺ
ļҵŮûѧ壬ֹߡ
ƽЦŸ͵ڼҰĸ׷ֹ
Сáﲻͣæţҵܵܳͻܡ
˵ŻϤߵѾߡ
ȥһˡ
ſʯϣ˵˵Ҿɲܲܶȥ
ٵƤͷ˵ùһ㲻ʮ壬ܶ㼸ʱ
һ춼㲻ȥ
ţϵ˿ߣϣɡ
ϤȣϤԺӡ·⼸˲ʮˡ
ͬǣõϵ
ҲǣˣҲ÷ʲôˡ
ҪЩʲôưӷϣֱʵ
ﳯ֣Сҿ⻭Ǽٵġ
̵ĳ⼸죬д⣬Ҳһֲ֪һ֪ģΪԼſ͡
⻭ǼٵġϸϸĿһĻ𹤱ʸϲд⡣Ʋơ÷ͼȻ񣬵һһӲĺܡҪǣīɢġ
֪ǼٵҲգֻ̾˿ЦŵҲǺͿˣô
ɻ󲻽⣬˭
ҵҸ硣ѻСľˣŽǶԴһСͶҺá֪ұ˻͵͵ӡˣˡСҪ÷ﻰһתʵ
֣ˡѾӳ˷ˣһǻȥԡҪһˡ
ѻպãЦŵƴŪ÷ѾͷҲʮ꣬С䡣
Ƽϵһӵ˵ϡ˵ЦˡֻүҵѾͷˡ
ﺬЦý͡˭ǴǸ͹ġȥɡ
п˵壬ֻܵ˾ǣӳԺ
Դһ׮׮һ˾ò̹  Ů첻࣬ҲѾźԼȴŮ졣  
ƻԺӣͿһľʳзϡʳУһ峴ʱߣһӣһСĺ
Ȼﲻ˳ĵºܶ࣬ò˵ĳʳ  ࡣ˿Сһһڳżϡ
Щ꣬ˬࡣģҲżϳԷϰߡ
ʣλһѾͷվԺ⣬̽ͷʡ
ƻһͷĻ֣Ҿǡ
Ѿͷδĺܡ֪źĸġ
ĸԺʲô
ԺģȻΪ顣δ
һλŻƯͳǰ
ƽүĵáСѾͷ
һֻֻꡣ⻰æĶӲ˲ϵ͡վȴãﴫٵˣ֪ˡǽͲˡ
ƽƣֻ˻дЩһӺôԷѾͷչ˲ˡ
ԭΪʲôҪ£ѵ䣿
ڼ޾ˡ˵ʲô£ĺܣֻװɵ㶡
ƽԺߵʯ¡Żࡣʣ
ҹȥֻдţֻĲ˵һϡƽһ㡣
ƽӣĵЩˣԶﴫƽסȥǡ
ҡҡͷǸǰ һſ͡⵹ҲءֻүҸʣƽҲٲ˽Ӵܹ˷Է翤˵仰ȥЩġ
ƽ΢΢ףһ˫Ŀ˵ļǡıʿɡһ˹һǳ
û뵽ԼС̾ôɱҡƿЦǣҲܼҡȥ˷
ƽЦŵɱǫ顣ֻЩ˲ҵҿ˵¡
˿ڲ裬Ӳ˲ͷĺǰҽͣˡ
˵ʲôƽԼԼֹʲôȴû塣
ûʲôƻعЦŸ˱衣
ӲùھǵҲù
޵ĺ־ϲϣվͣⲽʱж࿪ģھж
׹ڵ£ͷŽ棬ҲҴ
ôҲÿ ֻó㶽鷢ȴ˽̰ī˵˵ţɫףȻһµϡ
һ̷Ļ¹æǰ鿴¡
ָ׵㣬ʿ޹
ĳ˴Ϳ̫ӣҲ˳
ܰҲ㡣ֻ̫ˡ􁕷ŴԵӣ
ǰ̫ӣܵȷǱ˺ôһ縮Ҳӣƫƫֻܰ
􁕴˴ӣҧ ƶ񶫹Щ̰īĲ̫ӵµ𣿡
ָ̫􁕵ıӣٰ²ͷϵġ
ϻ􁕴֣ҲƳȥ㺦̫ӣҪΪ˶ɵӡ
һһ䣬ͷۡɵľԼ
ڹŲţ֪Ͽ¶ԶԶġ
ⶼʲô°ǰҳģҾǡ
ͻȻ뵽ҡҴҵܻ 鷿Ĺóʮ־ϸĽҡ
װֽ
һֽд֣
ڶֽϻд֣װɵ
ֽ϶һ֣ҹ

 6 

һһ˷Ҫʲô˲֪ȴĺܡֻҪһ󷽵ƽ
Ŀʲô⣿ƽѼϵ˱ǰ
ƿǰһ߸ߵ˲ᡣЩҪ𣿡
ƽ棬°ͣεĵ˵ͷǰ㲻ż
˵ַԸ˶̸㡣ҿ緹ָ㣬౸Щ
εЦЦһҧһڡ
ζǲֻһ춼ҪЩʳ֪ζ
¯ﱡ𣬺ŴЩ
ƽҲ۾ԺĴ˯ɾҲһƵġ
ƴ˸Ƿⷭҳ˲⣬СҸڿԼ⡣
СǿˣҰ˱ȥɺã˵վ׼ȥ
ƽ˯ʵҡҡͷûǱĿ
ư̾˿ϡķ˱
б¥б¥ҵб¥ܶడнб¥ľ¥𣿡˱һһеб¥
ƽСƵģͣĻͷˣ˵ʲô
ָָ˱ϵб¥֣֪ҽб¥ĵꡣ
ƽ۾б¥ھǵĶϣǾľ¥ǵĵģ¥
˸һ½ǡھһδ
ƽüͷôᣬ㵽ʱж̡
һʱ˵˵Ҳ̡¥ôû
ƽҲ˴µΣ첽ߵߣ˲ϸϸĿˣȷб¥ĵ̫Щһ¥ôƵô󡣡
ͷ룬ֵľ¥Ƶˡ ˵ƵĶǼ˸ˡ᲻֮ǰƵб¥
ƽҲǾһ亹ˮһʲСǮơæԸߵѾߣȥѴɷƹ
СѾӦһæĳȥ
һ˲ᷴ˼飬Сǲ鷳ɸ˰˰̵ƹҲɡ
ƽ쳤˲ӣǱ˲ᣬֳʲô⡣
ƽ˲ݸ֪⼸¾ˮǺ֣ʳϲô˵ȥС㻹һʰɡ
ƽĻȥƹλ飬ųҲյĹλƹ˴
ƷҵɴᣣԼվ档
λƹãүָС˱λЩҪһʡ
ƽ̬ŵļ͡һܺ˵ģ
λƹΪ˶£¿ǰǸδɵëͷСӣҲһ롣
Сˡлʾˡ
Ƴɴ￴һۣ˸ҾæĿڣҲǳΰСܼң˱Щסƹһʡ˵žͿµƹ񡣡ƹƹ̶꣬׼۶١
ƹһüĿӣЦǺǵĵԥݵ׼һһǮǵ׻·һһǮ
أͷװɻģ
ҪˡƹԼ³ʲôһתү飬һ׼ѹһЩ
Ҫѹ٣һǮǮǮǮŲߵǰƹ֪ǴӾġ
仰ƹ񶼻СǴӾģ
Ƶͷһ޹ĵھʱһѾʮǮȫžȼôƹһײŰǮ
⡭үү˵Ҫڼ۸ѹһѹƹĿİ
һѹǮ⼸࣬ǶǮƹ𣿡Ƶ
˵̰ôǮȥʲôˣƽӱǷģ˦߳
ƹͨһڵϣҡ̰ЩǮûжڿ
ߵһƹǰƹأھЩ꣬û˵һҽб¥ľ¥
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ƽ˵Щѵ治ƹֽţơ
ó˲ᣬ㲻֪б¥¡һ¥Ƶ
ƹվıֱĳһǾҵҵԹ²飬ȴ̰ī
ɫһҲµˡ
㡭װһģƹӵָվԵƹһòȻӣЩHµ˶֪ҪҲЩͶȡɵ顣
ƹҲָƹıӣ㲻ҪѪˡʲôˣ
ʲô۸ᣬк͵µ˹ᣬ˽Բ˴ȥĿҪҶ˵𣿡
ƶƹһһǹҧһë
ˣұ졣ƽӡҲ޹⡣
ֻܱ죬ڵ
ƽ෢ǵ̫Ѩ£͵鷿ȥ
Ӧǣߣߣӣƹȥ鷿
ƽЦЦǻǹˡȥͽôһ¡
ƿŵƹֻòӷλ¹Ůܡ
ƽĿ⿴˿´Сϰ䣬Ǹҵġ
Ƶͷֲãֲá
ƳƳϵЩ˲ᣬؿҲۼˣȻȥúЪЪ
ƽڴһЦеôһ־˲١ҿҲ̫ˣ绽ɡ
ｻ˼ɲһ㡣
֣ңһǽпɡ
ĻԷֻǸعصľӡ
ôõıǿƾٱܸУô⸮ȥ͸˵˵
ƽЦ⸮ôȥƾ١
ү֪֮˵Ҳͦõġ
塣֪ͼ˿ˣոλ֪ˡЩҲˣȥЪЪ
˴һ㣬Ⱦܡ
¿ߵԶ˲ʵϲΪʲôڸأ
ͷЦţ۰ңȥ״ԪôҼ޸

 7 

硣ΧŰתȦдŵġҰƽƹƹ񡣡
һףһΧ塣Ȼ˵Ѿˡ
̾˿ƹҴĸȥһĴõ£Ѽ˦ǲסһ˰ġ
硣ĶţŲҪˣôôƫƫҪֲίΡ˼ҳȥ
üģЦһԼԸȥģŮôԼҪȥ
ҡҡͷȥ϶Ǹ㲻ֻҪͬ˵ͻȥ
ɲȥ忴˵ʮֿ϶
ſڰϣ۾һգգĶ塣֪ôľЩԷ
磬ңЩ˴ļٵġ㲻ĺзɡ
ףЩ㶼˭˵ġѾ߻Сˣ
ʱû˵ǵ;˵ġΪʲô߰
ҲߣԺ֮ǰǷˣԺŮЩ˾Ͳˡ˵ͷԸ˰ƴ
硣վקקӡ
֣üŮʲôԺȥ
ԶԶľͿӰƽż˻ȥ档
ʰүʲô£
ֻܴ˼˵˲ᡣ
ĻͲµнͣүޣֻҪӴԺŮӣүһ°ɡ
д⡣ͷ룬뻻ʲô£
ЦĿģôмˣҲҪرҪְ𣬾Ҵ߾С
⻰˵ЩˡɫĵͷҲǲɡȻߣȱ
˵ⲻǸġ
Ƭ̣ΪԼˡү˵ʲôҸղû
ظһ顣
磡߳ôǲҵıʿ
ƿͻȻֵͱסֻֻûӦô⡣
ɴ۾һҪ˽ļơ㲻Ҫ˵ԸԸ⡣
˫֡Ϊģ忴Լ񣬾ҪԼһһƵġ
ˡҾҲͦá
죬ԹôҸ˵һǱвˡ
ƿ彩Ĳڽקק䣬˵ˡүˡ
㡣ָָƣĮȥ
ҲһЩ̫ˡ
岻˰ɣá̵
𣿵Ű飿̧ۿ˿һԲƵ
˸񣬶Сү
Ƴ˷ţھһƬž
ָ棬յڷԵøԡ
㲻ҪΪҲ֪ʲôǿݣ䲻ϡο
οʲôһĲġ
οǸ
һοҲ
ӦҵģҵԼ
Ҳ˵ҪҹĿϵǱס
֪Լ˵壬ֻһ
ԴƽĻÿеû¸ɡ
үЦǺǵ˸񣬡˵ΪʲôԼд
̧ۿ˿ִַʡֳ󡣡
ֳ󣿡ƲŵʳָָָԼСϰ顣ûϰôҵķǣҲѿ
һóһţٵǰš
ƿ˿𿪵ŷ⣬ʱ
ͷһﲻ⻰Щ֪ˣŻ᲻
ǣò˵żܲò
ǲô֪ھǹ˼ѡʱû뵽𣿡Ϸʵĵ
ƿϵԹͿƲƲ죬ʵУ׶ģѪһԹ
ưװãŻϡЩȻ˵ġֻû뵽үҪߡԬڣ̫¡
Ŷһԭôģ
ԭ𡣡ߵ棬ϯϣʵýĺܡ˽֪ûʲôıƣǵֻװǹϣ鲻òǨŭֻҪûȻͽ⿪ˡ
ô⿪ϵĽᡣıʵ
ֱͦ˱ĸׯЩһָҰڣۻôΪѣҶа취ϧҪˣֻܳЩͷˡ
Ц۽ɨǰӡҲԭȻԤϵ֮⣬ΪʲôʼͱܿҪų⡣
üͷү⻰˼¹ˡ
Цſһ㻹˭ı顣
ΣүʯҴһʼͶ̫¡αظһɢүҵʿȷжĵĳɷ֡ҶĵĲܲܵûۣ²ꡣһ£۾ڵҶû뵽
ǹˡ屻Ҳܣӡ
֣µĵͷǡ
ͷֱߵŷźáȥɣ
˫ֳϣֺõЦţүʲôΪѵ£Ҳ԰ǽѡ
ǽ˵ϡҵ֪˵ң㶼дʲôʵ
˵ˣҺһ𣿡ʡ
岻ÿɷ񣬡˵
ʼϵıʣдһ飬ŵǰ
װɵҹ忴˿ֽϵ߸ֿ֣˿ɻʲô˼
ܼ򵥡ЦЦ͵ˮ֣Ͽ϶ûǮǰЩ¹̣飬ӡϿ϶ͻҴǮ̫Ƕжˡν֪ʮѩȱӡЩϸʹֻ಻١ҲȱǮֻġһӦġ
װɵءָָֽϵĵڶʵ
˵ɤð̣ϵĲԼ˱ˮɤֵȻûӣϿ϶ල˶Υ϶̰īɵҲװģͲ֪һҹȫ֮ߡйͷڣϲ
Ļ˵ͷҲŲߡ
ƺٺһЦΪǽ𡣡
年˹ǣȻ
Ϊı뷨æӣĺ䡣ȥ
ƶʱȥ˵㻰
˰ӣȥͬ
һЦҾǣߡߵһ۷үҺµȣĸá
忴˿ŷϹһ֣³ĸ֣ʦһɡ
лҪ˵˭ҲǸŮġ
:Ҫ
:ɩӣ

 8 

ʮͣлûļɢһӱ͸ԭˬֱ
ƹŵɫֱ׺鷿£ŬİͷŴߵϸ졣ԼԼĽ̸϶ĴĶ
顱һŴ򿪡½Ⱥ߳
ȻԼҲǿǸȴֻдķݡڸ鷿ȥˡֻǽǡ
ϡⲻС𣿡
Ÿ֦ڵϱȱȻд֣ͱһźӰ£ס
̧ͷ˿ˣЦǺǵĵǸˡ
бһۣĵɲǣմ鷿Сô⡣Ĳȥ鷿졣
εЦȻ̫󵫿¡;ɫ
һԵˣпڽǷΧ
ǰĿ£ǿûи⿴һԵЦһ
ɲǣǶǲү£ССһλĸ߸ݵ
˵λ棬Ǻ͸õġǳµġΧˣ֪ӲӲ϶ֻȡ
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ʲôλ߸ݵ˰֣˵ĺʵǸСˡ˵׼үʲô˵Ĺϵ
Ǽһһֻ̾ķ֡˶ܿԼǸСˣƫƫλûͦá
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ڴߣôƹ˴ǣ˻ҪӰȥµĶȥ
Ӱ΢΢ףǵ˳ȥΧһȦ˴һǸʲôأ
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ӰĻҳüͷС˭۸ˣ
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⼸仰˵ģӰмͬ
ô۸˵˭۸˵ţӰͰγǱ佣
˽һݡ
ЦЦվӰҳ븮Ҳûүʲô顣ܵĴȴȸλáԹҲסǾͰ⿪һˣһ⡣Ҳһ⡣ҽ⿪û⿪ǾͲҪΪҡû⿪ǽ⿪ˣҾʹֻһСˣס˷ȥô
һȺ˵һᣬȺ߳СԼǡȻˣĳȳ⡣
һƣɤӵˮͰһˮͰʢˮһˮͰʢˮֻҪĽˮͷСʢҡ
üͷ˷ڵϵ֦ԹԻšⲻϷľǱͨ
ЦЦ˵鷳һҿ˵ţһԻһ顣ȰСͰװٰСͰˮѴͰʣˮôͰһͰˮСͰװͰʣµˮĽˡ
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ƿˣҳ⣿һλһͷǣһֻһײ˹ӣ򻮴ÿֻǡ򡢰ײеһӡũԱʱǻ԰ײˡʴιӡ
Ǹ֦ɷһã
Ƶݸððɣǵøҡ
˵˿Ӱүʲôǲң
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ĶŶ£
Ҿҷõ⣿
ͷղϽѾȥˡ
˼һᡣԹǸ⣬ղԸ˰Աȴϲû١
ڡүûǰյ⣬ǹٸ⡣ٸֶĶ࣬ûᡣɼˣҲйٸʣʳԼ¡
㵹о飿ЦһԽĺ档˵ƶ˼ҵŮ͸Ҳ˵Ůô¸
죬ҴӼ;ռҡ
Ӽ忴ʣôӼģ
һԲôȻӳġ뵽⣬ϸһͷۡ
ⲻҪҪǰաүǰȥ
塰ۡһЦ˵ף㻹ʵˡ
ߵǰⲻʳ֮»Ҿ֮¡үûô˵ң
ҡҡͷûС
Ʊҭ޻˵ͷĵүǰԺӣѾ߶ˣҺСסһɡ
üͷ㣿Сˣ
ǸʡĵѾͷ尵̣ǿҲӽС˶αذ  ҪԺӣѾźš
ƵͷǰʡԺִ
ͷ˵
ֻΪӦˣҪǲ˵Ҿ͵Ӧˡȥʰ
ͺһվסȥá
Ƹ˵ıһԼȳ׷үɲܷڡ˵žҪܡȴһ仰ֽ˻
վסҽղǸҪôӡ                    
лҪ˵:ҪСסһ飡
:ֻܺסһ飡

 9 

ϳ⣬һɹƤڵİգӣæš
¢ϣĵĿһԵۡŹٷվҲֱ
ʱѹ磬ȴûɢסʣٴˡ
Ҳûϸ۾һɨⲻʮ
վϵϸϸһ飬ȷʮ¢ж˼ҡ
һ۵ݸһˮʮֿ¢Ϲʮ˼ҡ
ͷһ롣˵ǲˮҲֻЩҶӣûʲôҶ
һ⻹ûһ밡̾˿һԷŵ´룬ˮӿȣҲղʲôˣȻȥɡ
ۿһǳһŵ䣬ɫЩнλСʹġ޷Ǿ
ˮߵġ
һλסĸ첲С㲻¢ţʲô
һ΢ЦеĲˮݸһ룬Цʵһնʳ
ڲˮĨĨ죬һ¢϶ǸģʳҲҵģԼµĲʮ
ʮʳһҲࡣ
ƵͷְһˮݸΪһ죬ֻյ˶ʮ
ŲˮûкȣƳƳվ¢ϵĹۣ붼һȥæҲȥɡ
˳Ŀ⿴˿ۣҲ
ⰵʾ𣬿ڣҲû˻˵ʵ
һŵֻ࣬ص¢ϣźá
ۿˣæһЦǰѯʡ˵ʲôˣ
̧ۿ˿ԹԵ°µʲôû˵ȥɣǿʣµȡ
ĻЦĸӵĲã֪ʲôԼķͲˡ
ͷǣܿˡҪ˵αص̫ɹţȲ裬Լ
ûʿʳǰˡ
ƻ֮˿˿ЩˬŹǲڣһ͵͵˻
ʱ¢ϳŷ˵ףֻԵǲס
Ǽ˶ԶԶģвĲ֪˵ЩʲôֻǸк¡Сôֻˡ
°ڣԡ㣬Ϊʲôһֻȴٳٲпԡ
ͷĬһԵ˵ҲԽԽƵġ
ƴӣݵϡġ㲻ǡ
￴ӣüͷµǲǶˡ
ˣ۾ȴɻ󡣡Ϊȴûϱ
̾˿꣬һھҲΪ٣ҵңҲֻΪǡǷڵҵ
ô˵ҲƵһҴ尴˵轻ٴȷΪЩũˡ
ֹᣬҪһЩһһ㶼ѹϡ
Ļִӻͳ˼Ӷ˳¢ǰߡȻԤϣ
ƾֱ߻һȴˡ
ӣɫˣۺӣЦеĵ
ȻõһҲд󡣺ദҲܲ
ȴû˼Ц֪Ƕ˶ҿûнġ
ЦЦһȻĵӡ
֪Ƽ꣬ɻ
ļ򣬡ֹ֪үҲֻ֪¹鷳
˶ֵھǶ֪꣬ǿ̫ӵˡǶҵĲ·պµλΪѣүĴɾͼˡӲС˵ĵ㲻
ɫͨ죬Ҵ壬ǣһȫǾͲܰյ
Żǲܣǻַܡϸ룬ֻҪҿϽ¾ˡ
ͷ˼⣬ڣҲ
ЦЦָүһֱ飬ú롣
һҹû˯ڶһ﷭һǳĳⳣ   ʱġ
ٿһҲʮ־ȣΪºÿû뵽ÿȥʲô
ϵ廷ִӹҳһİȥе
լԶһĹ͵ˡ
ѣеСǰš
ŷİæͬլĹܼҵˣƲŲŲæ˳
ϵģܼҿ˫ʮ껪۵ĺܣʵ
ʼûпһۣô񣿡
ܼҿĿ˵̬ȣʱ˵
үϡ
û񣬾ֱֱߡǷϻ˵һʣϵûС
үҲһͷˮûҲˡˣûͬү˵𣿡
˵ûнֽȣһĿ˵̬ȣʶңᣬԭ  еҲ˼
үţһǰ£˶ء
ү˹ֵ˼ǡ
˿ڲˮһȻΪɨһɨǰ·˵үһ
үˣСл뽲
ƳүҾһǰ̬ʮֹĵõ顣Ҫܿġֻǰվǵ£Ҳ֪ЩҲûӣһŵþ͹ҲΪ棬λүӣպĺôء
˵ͱүҲô˵үҲЩּʱʮֵĿŵ£֪ءõǱ߳˲ӣ䲻ºáöԣһҾ͵
񣬡үģһѺ˭˭Ҳҥ
ѺŰʮʳֱӱá
ôʳҲǳԾæǰʣЩСġ
ƿŹһһʳЦ˵үң˵ͨ£ⲻϵġⲻཻʮ
˲ͷĺǲǸˣҵء
Ʋ˲ǰŵĽ˿˵Իѻǰ  ʱ͵ġɲˡˣո˵ʲô
ҲˡǾ̰īġ¾;˹ǣǣ֪ͨĲʱͰ˵
ƾӰס֣ȵȣȻˣǲҪĻȥ
óһӣ˲ͷϵĺ˵ǣȥ졣ֻǱߡ
ЦЦġҲֻǲ¸Թһ°Ҿ͵û
æĵͷ˵ļǣպҪչˡ
лҪ˵Сɰǣ۶ղذ

 10 

ү˸
ƴҡڵĽžƼԱĿ
үʲôСĴʵ
۾Цſ˿ˡ
ﰵ̽٣ƵЦЦ֪Լ鴫
үڵ°ɡүǧĪҫ
תȥأǰţ˵˺ٻֻ˾
Ƹ󣬡ү佱ҾˣȻˡҿǰүôһæ
庬Цֻᣬءǰ û˻ڿɾͲͬˡ
ʧ֪Ǹô֪Ǻ»ǻ¡
һտգáܷհҵǺ¡
ûΰɡͣס˽ŲǺ£㲻һҿɡ
ƲƲ죬ƫƫĻǺ£ҲǺ¡
年˹ǣһ޳СһģǸϺ꿴Ҳƭˣ
ק°ϸ˿һʵĻүǸ˼ңҴ涯ֽһ۾Ϳ͵ġ
üͷŮΪ顣ŮҲ̫̫˽ˣ
·û뵽Щ벻㡣
ǵЩ·ŲӲŸҵġʲô˽ܲ˽ܡ˵ţֿ죬ֺõЦţүҲһպҲ¡
ӣһͷΪΣ㲻һ𣿡
ͷϵһ˿ӣҿɴδүͬһѡߣܴһᱻʶơ
ҡҡͷֱǰߡ·ݣԼй֮ӡ
´Ұ£Ҿһ·
Ȿ֮ʣҲûһ첻˻ô졣
գپ͵ݸһŷСġ
ƴ˽۵Цû뵽ôˡ
ɻĿʲôϲ£Цôģ
ߵߣչ˿ȥȾء
پȵ۾ûءģǺôӡ
ְֹˣүǷһء
پһҾ˵үСءĴ
ƿϵĴֲѣ§סļŮôûһ׺ÿȹ
үѲƥңȸһƯ·
ĵͷ糺һƬ
ȴûЩ˸߲ҵĳԺӣ߽鷿
үʲôʱҡ
һ÷ͼҲһͷˮʲôѡ
ƱϹϾĽ˰ϣЦǺǵĴǰӦҵѡ
üͷϸ˿Ծƣ
ǰƵͷΪ˵ȻУ뷹ԾѰˡ
忴˿ϵһˣ
Ʊʵķ£ֿ˿Ҳûд˵֡
ɫ̾СѾͷӴ󡣡֪Աһ㶼Ǹʲô
룬Ȼ֪һ㲻ǳԷȾơ˵һ룬¶ͷȻϽˣҲеĹԱ͵͵ȥ
ֶһ£֪
΢΢ף֪ǰ  ʱҾȥ
ͷֻͷۡһŹԱȾƣȥ֮أҪһȴϡ
ƿӣΪǲѡү㲻ǲ·ɡ
Цһһ·ѡͷߴ硣Ҫһȥ
ûд֡ƾȵĵ
ٲμӾϯϵľ綼ҪİݵЩ֪ϯˡ
Ρûÿ˵ʲô
ƲĹơݵ˾ǲһԵơ
ͷЩεɰɡֻҲҪ·ֻҪѲƥҾˡ
ɻſ˿Ϊʲô
ȻҸԼҪ軨׷ֻԼЩʽ
ЦЦֻΪҪ͵͵ȹӦˡãϲʲôԼȥɡ
ƻʱ֣Ѿɢ˴롣ֻ֦չĺ׼̡
ɴվڸ⡣
һõ˿񣬵ȴǲ˿𣿡üŮӴ͵·׻̫Щ
ϵĲϣЩֻܽˡ˵žҪ
סָָǰŻͼڵĵһɡбˬЩ
ƻҪƴǣͱ
ǲһ㡣޻аţȥģһҲˡ˷ܵĶԳϵһжʮֺ档
γ԰ƿ忴һϲ
ҡҡͷôγһԵĲһˮĵϣݸ壬үһɲ԰һССæ
ֱֱţƳϵĲ豭һۣʲôæ
ֿЦЦٵĹ̹϶ֹүһҡҪ޴޴ײǡʳʹ˰ҲзҪ
ѰζĿΡѵ㻹ɱ̰ٲɣ
ƹ˹֣ҵûһ»Ǻõġ
ӹĲˮһСڣ˵
ߴ˴գһᵽ˾¥ȲҪһᣬȻڽ
ΪΣ忴ʵ
͵Աһһάϣ֮˵һ룬ڽһѾǵĶԻҲ̫Ŀŵ
ˡһѲ豭һԵСϣãͰ˵İ졣ϯ㲻ˡ
ҲΪƿǡ⴫ȥȷ
ü붼ŮӣԼֲܳԿǵ˵ͷá
¥ϵһ¥ϵһ־Ϊʲôīʹĳ¥Ǿͨ黭ĸʽ
ƽʱ򣬴λﵯһ٣λϷĳ¹
ưڶż£Լһ߽˷䡣
ϯ䣬ССĹԱƱյڡ߽Цĸϲ
С͹ǵҰ˵ϿĿءһɫĳЦġ
ҾϵЦ׺͡ؼСǵأֵۣպҪЯҾ¥вǣһλݣ
ͷһȺԱлķˮƳƳ⣬ƼһɫĵӰʵǡ
Ļû˵꣬һλ˾סĸ첲С֮ǰൣҲΪƣ֪ɡ
ô֪Ƶģǵķѵġ
Ʋ˲ͷϵĺʮǣվ档Ҳòʲô
ʱžʹˣվ⣬°΢̧бڳλĮ룬ұ£

 11 

ԭֵϯΪĳһӰʲôءͳͳŵ亹ֱ
̾˿˿λءʱһԲԼ۾
źСȻû壬µҲ֪Ҳλͷ
ŵӣЦǰʵλҲҪλ˹ɫ޾ݵһλһֺٵСά
ɫƵĶƣһһĽǹԱˣ
æ뿪λˡȥɣֻЩƲ˾ͿɡղŵĹҲҪˡ
С˿һæĵͷǣǣ͹ԵȣȥʱŹϡ
С֮żøӳ˭Ҷ˵һ䣬岻졣
ŲߵһԣһȺˡ
еӴĹԱ˳ƵӣСǡ
ǿһ΢Цߵ߽͵үԾƽλ˽ǳԳô˻ʹɡ
бƳһĸλĮʵղλ˽еĹȴһֱƲáļʱ֪ʲô¡
ȺϿأһСĴϵл¹ٵֻСиһ¡¹֪ү𷣡
˼Ҳǰ˵ûһֻ۹۱ӣǹġ
Ƹ˵ȴһ˻
Ҳ˵˵ʱٽ˵û䣬ⶼûԱǼסľֻϣԺ̰īСץסѱ
ȻӲͷƤЦǰԲ
СͬﻹδҲ㲻ˡĹɣ
ĻŻɫˡ˵ţϵһ㣬ϸϸƷšǲ
ԵĹԱҲЦţ¥ĸҲһȻȲϾǵƵԵҲǷζүϲͺá
һŽھǴʱãƵΣ
һСŽ̵ĺóԼˡ
ĵͷЦŶȻϲʹЩ˳Ҳȥǣ
ԱǿϵĨЦݲ۾ΪԼˡ
СмӰһλС
һλ΢΢סСүƵģϴûйЦ
һûм˭Ц
廷ܣѵõЦһ£λҲ̫ˣɡ
ƽ£Ǻ«ʲôҩ
һ㣬㲻Ҫô𣿱˵С
һ˫ۣһҧһߵͷֻҪܰɣ˵Ͳ˵ˡ
ԹԵĶƱǰһţҰæҲһطԱ̰ī¡
һȺһ⻰ȶӶʼ׷׿ơ
ȴͷԵר־װû
ȤĴǣǵЦһڹٳô꣬ٸĵٶ
ͣһᣬҲҪѹλ˼ֻϣҲҪ̫֡
ʮ˷׷׸ͣүĻǱִЩ鷢ġ
ϿҲվǡǲЩүġ
˿㣬ССڵĳšͺá
ϿҲ˸Ҿĵĸ͡үĸȤٱ㡣
ҡҡͷƳһۡˣʵûʲôøС
⵹ˡֻǺ棬ղλеĹ
һٷԵĺԱսսҲЩŵĳԲȥֻԼٱԼв˳ԵĲֺ
¥ƾθŤŤĲϳ
˳عͷͿվڳ£Цʣү㿴ҹɫôҪҪһߡ
̧ͷ˿ͷķǣӦһá
ҹ㡣żһķ磬ࡣƺǰţӰų
˵㲻ôǵô˵ƱŶӣССǰš
岻֪һӣšͷѣǲǺҡҲñ¿ҵȷġ
ƻһôãЩᡣھʱʮϵһһҵɲأǻϵֶӣ϶ֺϲڵʲô
̾˿ɵĸƤڻʼңһСľǷǡ
ƵͷԼ·ϵươ
ĸףҲǻϵ׵ܵıԪ˧ҲĿеս񡣵ԴӼǰǳͳ¹սˣûþˡҲΪ⣬Żõϸĳ谮
Ժգϳ谮Ϊ֧ܼ̳лλΣҪŻϡ
˿еȥ뷨һɽң
ȻڲԶһСԵ̯ӡ
庬Цǳ磬㲻˵Զˣһ𣿡
ܵС̯ǰָҪɽҡ
ЦеӦã˹ϵĸӣʢɽҵݸ
һСڣ˿˿ζɽ髿ʳÿԶԵ㡣
Աߵһ룬ȴưס֡һҲҵġȥһ롣
üͷҾҪһ롣
ԶڼǧľǣһɫӰӶϿӹ˷ϵһߡ
̫˵ʲô˼̫س֪˶ٸأĳ˳ڡ
̫һԵģۻ׵ĺ롣̫ӱ𼱡λ֮ǳġ̫ӷ£
أʶȶӻáǸҲˣ̫˲豭һˮȴصķ¡
̫ƽϵ壬Щ£̾¶Сүã֮顣ȥǸſ͡ȻͣҲ͡ЩĿҲܷЩ
̫һ侲ȥšҪſͣЩ檡
̫æ̫ӣǲŮɫ졣
죿̫üëΪ̫ҪǿѹһͷҧǾõĹȥȥ֬
ɽҲûлƵĻʳ
һ磬˴ҽ飬ϻĸԼ롣
Ŀ硣ٶϴõͭ
ԼæסˣСʲôءԼ˵žͰ˹
ָָϻͼβءճԵЩʳ
һȴ벻֡ҪǲˡαԼ
ҡҡͷһСëҪ
׼ӰŻææܽµСȥɣˡ

 12 

̫ڿйšżϣŴǰųһŵŮԭΪһҹıЩŮӦƣ̬ڿһһƯΪ׵Ǹ֬ģò䷲
СӰӺףΪѵү˵ˣĻԼʰ
һվôҵĴ
Ӱ̧ͷĹү˵ͷ£ҲЩˡ
ƲĲûнͷ£
³һüͷʵʲô˼Ҫ𣿡
ӰĹ˹֣ү˵ˣȫƾСᡣ
ҧ죬ᣬЩŮŮôᡣſڵȰǰŽû˵ԺӰɡȥү¡
ȵԺʯϣһ顣ʱʱĻԺһ£ǵˡ
ǰ˸Цţү̫Щ˸Ǻá
ͷһҳĹ˴ǡҲóӰ㣬𣿡
һͷСĿڣҰʱԺˣ𣿡
üͷǰŽˣ
ƵͷΪǲԼİæ͵Щ̫ģŶýʵЩѿ
忴һֵͷȥΪ뵽ǸҲ̿ڡӭǱô
ЦǺǵ棬ЩȻǹЩҶ뵽ˡ̫ЩΪˡȻ̫֪ЩҲ϶֪㡣
ˡ̫ӵĶĿҲ⡣ﻹЩӦ
ҡҡͷģҰǹԺֻҪǾͲͨ籨š
üͷŻ֪ʱڵʿô𣿡
Ƶһðٵ亹֮Щſĸ֪үʲô˼
忴ϻ̳ϿֵӣЦһʲô
ƴʯվԶȻ¡ү졣û¡
鱾̧ͷǴ㵽࣬ȴΨ©ӣҡʳָָָԼ޾Żᱻܲɱ
ҧ촽һԲƬ̲ſİſڣǣүΡ
ϳȥ建³֡
ҡͷ⡭̫ðɡҸհӭ
һԲĶϵĸ֣ʲôõģǵĻʰ
ҡȴһ䷴Ļ˵ֻСֹţҶģֲҵġ
ԼԼʲôʵ˵ʲô
̰ϣʲôû˵
ͷЩĵýżڵϻȦ
վʲôҾΪվⷣվģƳһ۵
Ƶͷ
֪ƢҲȥԹԵĿ顣
ܾĵģֻҳ
áһƼæס졣ҡá
һЦ˳ȴȹϵϡ
忴ͷ󺹣ס֣ڻڴص˼¡ϳԵô࣬㻹Ҫȥɽҡǻʳˡ
ֳȴİסˡѧҽ㲻õġôСԼĺá
ƺһô֪ٸġ
ЦһԼˡ
̾˿Ҷ͹ˣβ
˵ŻԺ⴫˽ŲһλŮӴһɫĹװվ⡣Цٻ⣬Ŀ⡣
΢ƣ·ȶˡ硣СŮΪ֬ݼү
ֻûüɿһŮûءǰԺǻܳ
δ䣬ȹ˽һ̧۾Ϳŵ֡
磡ġ
æֳᡣղүڸβ
첽ߵԣߡбԶ㡣
֬һתߵǰӯӯ°ݣүҸո븮ء
忴űԶƣֿ˿վԼߵ֬ȷʵءת㴦á
˸Ҿǰס֬󡣡ﲻĵط
æ֣ϡԺ½Ҿͺˡ˵ʾ⡣
һɲǰѺ֬˻ȥ
ƿ֬ұֻۣԼĸ첲Ҳ
ôǸ̫ðɡ
ĹĵĵŮӣҪӸ̽ʲôܵģġúùôСɲҪϧ񡣡
ƿ˿طϢ壬үģһǡ
ͷЦеĵҲСġ
ƿЦݲõҲֻòһЦ֮
קס䣬ʲôҪҽΡҲѧ֮᪻òҰѰ
ĻŻҪǱѳԼǸŮӣ֮ǰŬɶ׷ˡ
æסԼ֣ˣһЩҪæȸˡ
ĶţΪʲôǸӵҲֻҵֲ˵ЦƽӣСң˼
ƱΪλ֬ͣ졣û뵽ϾӰԺ𼱻ǵĽСȥɡ
Ʒ꣬ųӰ˻
ף֬ȴڵϡ
ƴ֬б£Ժܳ
ôܵģ̫ѨҲͷۡ
ƻûü˵վֲûˡ
üͷ֪ܰʲô
Ժлô¡
ҧгݡһ;öͷϵҪˣԺŻˣ֧˻֬ͳû˳
´弸ءүʲôˣ
ɫࡣʲôˣϣԼˡ
û¡
Ʋ˸룬ڴЦЦ˰֬ѺȥȻû£¾ͷˡ
ٿĿڣһûжء
˸ЦŵүȱŶ֬үô죿
Ҳǵ磬¼ȻҲ˵Ǳ׿˵ġвͨˡ
ͷ룬зүҪһ¡
岻ӶܲµʲôҲΪ檡
ֻǸšƷŵţԺ
ָָոճȥ֬ԭȾԺҲܳˣֻôߡ
磬ʵ
峤̾˿ȥ￪ҩʳС֮ȥɡ
лҪ˵壺ϱ
У˵֣ҸȻģҪˣ
壺ãϧôõ۾Ϲ

 13 

ۼҪˣҲԽԽȡԺһȦֹסӶҪʪ͸ˡ
һװվ⡣ñ˿ģ紵¾棬ˡ
ϻ¡ȵͷ϶˺
ôȵ죬¡һ˫ЩյӸ㡣
ƵƵҡͷٺõҲˡ죬Ϊ˷ֹ˷ԼŮǲܴűϡ
ͷݸһЦ˵СľӡҲҪǰո绹ܼҸСѡЩء˵ţƣӿʮŮϲӡ
ƷȥǳǳɫׯأǳɫšֻЩӲµӣٵȹ
Щġϲģ־ߴĵһĻæȥѡˡ
εЦţôȴûһʵġ
Ȼôţɿŵͷ͹
ҡҡͷô˵ͷ϶ΪǽѡҸġ˵ִߴٵѡһ
ϸɫ̫ׯأɫ̫£ɫ̫ӡ˺þãѡһɫӡ
ɫá
´ţû뵽ഩɫȻҲϲɫȥơ
ƸϿס⻹ԼɡѾ
ЦſСŮ죿
ͷ
ĲϣͲҪˣ׵͹
ƿԶż̾˿ٵȹˡ
һᣬ׼վپһ˿ߵнˡ֪ԺֵĿˡﶼ浱˵͡
ͷһᣬԺ֬סԺӡôˣֳʲôˣ
̾˿óһ黹ûɵӣһ磬Ժ˵ֱ֬ϳӡүҪȾģ˰Ųȥ˭֪֬ƫƫȥ˵һҹڼʳϰ߲ųӡʱҲȥԺ
ư̾ҲԺ
ٵͷءЩ˭ҲҶϾǻģŶý
⻰ҪߣҵȥȺҪǱֵû취֣¾͸鷳ˡ
죬ҳһֽɡˣɡ
ﻹ˵ЩȾԺߡ
ԺһһĻΧţ˭ҲҶ
ƺò״Ⱥм˽ȥͿ֬ɴһ˫ˮĴ۾ֱ
ץס֣Сүģ
ץۡİֳˣ˸ŵү鷿Լġ
⻰ĨĨᣬүҲǣúõһҪ͵ȥǼʲôطһ᲻֪ģ͹ȥǸĽ
Ƕˡ߰˸Ѿ߳ǰһڵϵ֬ת˵֪ڼիҲĺܺá
ǲһɫЩ֣ܿͻָ֬ˡ
ǰһСߵǾ͸ӦȥסԺﻹҪ𣿡
սȭͷָ׶һֿ޿סƵ֣ȥȰȰүɡ
Ƶֻ֣֮䡣
˻֣Χ˶¡ŲߵһԵʯ¡°΢̧֪ܵĻ԰ﳪڹ˭أȥҲǸȻȥҹ㻹ΪǶأ
ټ˼ɫʹϴ˲ô©ҲǰԼ˵Ӳ˵ҵӡ
ǰ֬ϵɴߵ¿ɴѾˡ
֬ţԶǧ֮⣬ֻЩˮ˶þͻá
ƿˮӯӯ۾ֻĺܡӵҲүڵӰɡҶౡ顣Ҳүֻһ棬һҲڶˡ
Ҳᡣ
֬˵ȴֱϡ㲻ȷ˲ᡣ˵ƿ˿ԺˣദĲǢ𣿡
֬ڵͷᡣֲʼû¶棬֮ġ
ҽȥˣͳˡ𣿡֬ҧ
Ƴ˼һᣬһɫҪΪ±˳ȥǲǻزˡ
֬Ӳ˲ϵˮŻ˳ȥ
￴ıӰüͷСô
ôˣߵߣΪ£ⲻǺܺ𣿵Ҫ㣬Ҳ͵˼ǲǳˡ˵꣬߿ˡ
ƸɻĹϵ̫á
ɿֲ֣˸ۡǻġĸʱΪĸȥˣԺҿڡ
λڼիôûûλ
ʵλʲôˣ
ͣ˽Ųﲻͬ϶Цԭĸ׵Ѿߣײأеʿ˵ϲɱݡͳǵ
ôƵĻû˵꣬ͿҴҵĳ߹
ʲô𼱻ǵʡ
ҡָָ󣬡Ժ˵顭
ˡļү鷿šݳ⡣
鷿ûһڰǰ忴飬վڴ̾
ʵ
ûгԥݣ¬ءӰ
üͷô˻ûеǡСˣԥݣ
Ӱ΢΢ף͵ΪǰյĴ꣬ɽ˻¡Ǿͣ¬ء
˵У͸ŭ
Ӱͷ֪»ǣˣҲ֮С
ҪԽɽ룬׳⡣ٸͰ·ˡ
üģԼ侲ٸô˵
ٸ˵ɽϵɽɵġҹɫʳɽӰ
ҡҡͷ¬ضɽôһҹ֮ȫɽܡĴûкúҹ
ƴǡ仰ʳˣ
屳ٸڲ顣Ҿ²ɽġ
Ҳ˵ͷôʳɽ̫ˡ
̾˿ȴôʱûô򵥡˭ȥٹٸأɽôҲܶȥ
³ԥݾڡǻүԴ
˼Ƭ̣Ҿү½Ұɡ

 14 

鷿ﰲ˵ĺ
СƬ̣ڳһҡ
˵һ룬ͻȻʶʲôͣһ£һէģȥ
˸ҾźӻҾôСȥһЩݸ֪ǴӾģֺԨԴݸðЩ
ͷⲽ˼ʹȥٶĺôҲԸ⡣
¬߻ʵԶǳʲôʩԮ֡
ۣٲЩ۸ȥ˸ѵ
ƷŻԵãȴ͵̧ͷ
Ϊʲô岻ȥ˵
ִ
ߵߣ졣д꣬ʰһ
ɻĴһ仰û˵ˡ
ƿ첽ߵǰү˵Ҳõѡ
ƹվǽϵǸͼǰꡣ
ɶͷԣΪʲôôˣ
꣬ϾͻŢУ嶢۾ʵ
ƴĵ˵ͷʱøѧ
岻֪ôֻܵͷװ˼
Ϊûظһ顣һ
ͷȥ˰ѵʹٸΪ㣬Ҳûа취
ԴСĿڣүǲʧˡղ˵ʲôˣ
һװӣ˰ϵֽš㻹𣿡
ƿ࣬һʱûзӦҡҡͷûˡ
֣ơ
⣬˸ԺߡߵԺſڲŰյĴ˴ͷ»ûнôˡ
ȥĳӰȴסСү¶Ѿԭذɡ
ƻʱ֣Ȼưôꡣ
żֽһһεΡһʮ꣬Ȼ޴ʩչ
ٵһȲݸο¬صشƫƧиɽֺɽҹүҲǵİο
Ƴ̾һɲ³ԿࡣΪ˸ү
ٿһѻģߣүСʹӱ¶оϡ㲻̫ġ
һѹķơҪ취ȥġ
ͻȻվ¹óһ¡ȥү
ٿӷ׵£üͷ⼸·ô𣿡
Ժӣƾֱǡ
С˼ˣæӭȥôˡ
ﶵתתѡһƥ׳ıһԾϡҪȥүЩ¡ˡ˵գһݾʹӲųȥˡ
ƵϡɫѰˮϸ谭ȴҷٶȡ
˲ˮʱѹأʹС·ߣȴҲ
ɽּ䶯ĽëȻ֪˶ãƵˡ㺮Ӻ˽Ĵ˸ƣٶȡͻȻ˻һǰ㵹
ƻӦͱ˦˳ȥſڵϡ³ˮһ
ССһ
ƸշͱһյƵĵƻۡһѷĵϣҶ
۾˻ſǰȺˡ
ǴŴֲ£һɷĿⲻǽϿɡ
Ϊ׵λһˮİƾ١㿴ƥǿѧõģ
᲻ʹһԵСආɻϴǿǲذ˰Ӽġ
üëһ۾ͿơƷϣһʮֵԡˡ
Сආʧɫǳ͢ľȱɡ
ݺݴһͷôСеȱģ
Сආ´ϴô죬
˼Ƭ̣ӣСֵܣʲôģ
ĴӵվǷү֮֮µġ
վһȻĵģЦһ֮µġߣ
һȺͻȻӵǰҪ˵ȴһס졣
ɽϵĿӵʪҲءƱɪɪ
ǰĵĵһ̿𣬻ϵĲժ
ǳ͢ģ
룬˵Ҳ˵ǡˡ
һʲô޷ǰǹկӵġΪҲ֪ȺٵģԼʲôH¶۵ͷϡ˵͵˵ǽ˵ȺĸεĶ
Ȼϣ²ɽġ
Ƶͷ˿ϵⲻǽٵ𣿡
ʿˮһۡҲΪǳ͢ˡ
ĺ̲ס硣Ҷ˵Ҳǳ͢ˣˡ
˰֣һͷӣһҲЩٵ˵
̾˿ǼͬѼҾµġɽϣȱʳѺʳĹٱԾͳû֡
ƨһһϣǸɵǴҽıУȴҲйء͹桢նʳǲ١
ƷС㲻ȷ˲
ҲܹܹѵģôᶯʳŭĿԲСӣôȥȺԱ˵ˡ
ʮȷҡҡͷܡʳĿ޴¼ɻпܡȫֻ»¡Ƕ˾ɲ¡
ǾңԭشתҪ֪ĸݺңһƤ
˼һ̣Ҫȥֿ
Цֿصأô׽ȥҵķ²㻹ΪԼ참Ĵ˰ͰѺȥǻҶ֡
üͷѵٸѾˣ֣Ǻ͹ٸ˳ͻ
ϣȶҵֵǡ
ҡҡͷ͸Ӧ÷ҡһ顣
òšȷϣǹ˭֪˵˵ʲô
ЦһȷկӵƸߣڷأһʱ͵ʳֻҪ͢¶ҪǳŲ˶á
üͷ룬Ρ͢ǲһʱˣһս
Ҳ뱳͵վȥɡ°ͣ۾ʵ
һ˹鷿
үǲ֪²һˣҾͷˡǵС˴ſǻ͵
һϴʣأ
ӰֵѾˡֻ¹꣬Ҫղܵ
Ȳôˡ̾˿ȥ¬ء
лҪ˵СɰǶղذ

 15 

Ȼ˰֮˶ɿࡣ
ƻһ۵ļ̲ס硣
滹꣬Ҳʪġ˾û
һԵСආЦŵһӣȲһȥ׼ɾ·
ǿӣ˲ͷ·ͱ𿾸ˣ͸һζ
üʰǰ참Ҫ˰֣ã㻹ȴȥְɡ
СආӦһߡ
־ͽڰɽϡΪֹˮկֻһש߽ɵġ
Ƴܿ˿ֽʮַգɽϵĳôأʳ档
Ųߵһʳǰ˿ıǡģ
Сආشɽµһꡣ¬ꡣϰ˼ֻҪǮۺڵ׵
ֿ˿ϡĽӡûۼʳ⣿
СආЦŴƽԵʳڳٵȡ
Ƶ˵ͷҪ鷳ȥһ
Сආһƣȥ˳
ûһˡƿ˿ڽʳʳıЩѾЩӣϺͲֿһдĸ֡
ư˼⣬Щɽٵġ̾ǹؼ
˸Ƿ˿Ѿ׵죬Ǽʱˣ
СආҲ˸Ѿʱˡկﰲ£
˸ҾܵˣһҪɽ칫ءͲ߶ˡ
Сආһסϴ㲻ߡկϢɡ˵ţƣһӿ׳̧ӽ˷ŰСݡ
ƶڻԣǼɾĴ·ԼϵζǾȻ·Ȼú˯һ
ܴӽ굽ǣܴӾǵϡСկ
Ÿ첲յƵĵƣ硣
һ˯͡۾ʱ򣬿Ѿ緹
ƾϲĿţ⣬û뵽կӵĻʳôá
٣ǰе㷢Ρ룬ԵһɶšܸһûţҲС
յ˵ͱ䡣ϻС꣬ȴֱýƻ
һҹ·ڵפĿջ
ν͸νϸ鿴ϵƣֵ֪үݹ١ʧ
峯ţʲôˡ
Ӱ˸ʵûмһų̣Ӧþ絽ġ
һۣЦҹ꣬ʲô
üͷûеҹǣҪ졣ߵĿ϶С·ǲ·ϳ⡣
νӻµʲôʵλʲôˣҪҪֵȥҡ
΢΢ףλҸϵſͣҺҪλңɽ·Щġ
νҲҵνտǡԼһֵɽ·ȥ
ڿջĴָͣô棬յ졣
Ⱥ˵˼ŹټҵվססջӰ´ŵ
ջ£¥ϵķֵɫЩˡϵĵשǿӿݵġ
ĻҲȥʵңôˡ
ҵ̲žž죬⼸ˮܲ
Ӱڹ̨ϣװʵңջЩͷˡ
ҿ˿ϵĴ磬Цеĵҵͷ˵˵Ҳ̡Ҳ߰ˡ
ӰִӵץŻӽǲˣȺʿôסˡ
ר־Ĵ̣ô֪˵·ϵˡ
Ӱץһѻ·ϵˣôᵢ飿
ҡҡָ˳вǵˣһ׬Щӡ͹٣⻨ͭǮˡ
ӰһĹһѻԼȥ
үˡӰػ泳µġν֪ǣһƥױ
үνһ񣬻ˣûҵߵɽ·Ϸһƥ
忴֪Ǵģȥ
νͷɽ·µĽӡĶࡣǱɽˡ
һվɽˣ
νæ͵ǰɽȥ˵Ϊ£ɽΪǳ͢ˣ׽ɽˡ
սȭͷֻԴǡɽǷƵݾ鷳ˡ
ڴΣ
æȭĵֻҪүһ£Եǡ
˵ͷǾɽһ˰ɡ˵ţ߳š
ӰȰ£үģͬȥˡαүȥ
忴ƥ˵ĺ˵ôңôأ
ˮɽ
ɽߣȴĺܡټϸ¹꣬·ʪһ׵ȥ
ү˵ɽܰʳӰһСķһߵ
ҡҡͷ򲻿ܡ
Ӱ̾˿Сôһûݵۣڻ֪ôء
Цһѽ±̲ĴҲ󡣡
⻰˵ĵǲ٣˱ɽȥиɾ·һٻܳ뷹ţ˵ġ
ʱżϣǰСӡ
硣̧ͷǰ󺺣ʲôʱɽ
ĿбӵĿԶҪϴġ
Ƴͷ̫ɹůģȻЩִӵһˣڵϱȱȻ
ͻȻһɳûͷ
ԴǸͷԵСһﳯܹĵҵɳ
ưɳӵɺ˭ҵޣô־
СҲŵڵдʲôʵڸʲô
ƿһۣд֡
ΪʲôҪд֡СƵĴ۾ʡ
Цһʱ˵ֲÿ
ĵˣһȰĿСޣ˵ҵֺòÿ
Сҡҡͷÿ
ƵһѵҵôѿšС˵ҵÿ
ƿ˿Ĵ󺺣˭
С˷ܵվܵǰҵկϴ󡣡
Ǹɷ졣ޣҲڱӡ
д֣ƱΪռɽΪĶЩ͢İգû뵽ϰֵġԼòȡˡ
صͷҵұ־֮Աơ

³ı飬Ǳ߾Ⱥӵܡ
ôˣվѾµǹٸˡУҵȥ
лҪ˵Ҳһ°ɣ˭͵͵Ѿˡ

 16 

կΧ̫ĹٱƴŷȥȫˡдŴ۵ģдŹٸģȻдŻġ
ϸĿ˿ǸŻģ壡
վԵΪڴʲôţܡ
Ʊǵߵȣ쿨סӸ˾ơȡȵȡԼߡ
һ룬һŵסǡϴ˵ˣȥ
ƺò״ֱܻԭء
ķϥǣŬȡſһĻڳӰȴ˷˵Ĵ
֪ʲô̷Сվվˡ
´ţ̵ôɾģһ·ûпûһѪ𣿡
ӰŽſĸϸһЩѵˣ
һԲעϵĴֲ·ǰһǰλˣٸ̡
ѵƵĲϡôΧﻹ̣Ǽ˵˻˵˭֪Ǽ١
ƿżԼϣŲ㡣硣ҹȥһࡣ
ĵĲӽЩŭĿԲһġ
ĵϻһϸС˿ڣЩֻۡҡ㲻ſңھͻᶯ֡Ӧĺӡ
Լʮĺӣ˵ô֤
ƴժöƣԴƾ֤û֤֤͵ģҾùٸһ˵㲻ΪԼ룬ɽϵŮ٣Ҫһ¡
ϷĻƣһءϣҲܸһ˵ţһƵı
˼˵ϡĵЩ۵ϥǡկǶΪ·
Ӱ˰ǰ˱ǽˣ·Ҳˣ
ƿ˿ϵ·ֿЦЦ·ʪˣֻһϡ
üͷһȳһյǰߣôˣˣ
ϵǸղˤġ
ͣһֻ§סļһִֻϥǺ󷽡΢΢Ͱ
һһӱͨ졣Ϊѵ⣬˰ɡԼߡ
Ӱȵ۾үҿԡ
Ƴһۣʵʲô
ӰƵƵҡͷʲôԡ
ƿΧΧŵˣüͷүҿԼߡ
屧һһߵɽ·᫣ɽ·Ҫǲ鰸
˵鰸ƶʱ˾񡣡ɽϸ鿴ˡկʳĴûӡŹٸ¡
ǻ˴أνǵʵ
ⲻܡƵ̶ʱ䣬ҪѼʮʯʳòװá̫ˡ
ôֱȥͷࡣν˼һ̵
ҡҡͷǵֽķգɽʪءٸȴһֱ⣬ĺܡ
ν°Ͱ˼ĺ޹أ
Ҳһ·ϵĵƲԾĻĲӣʳĴд̡͵ģ̻ǹؼ
ĸһЩ㱻ǽڵĻ
ĶӣҲֹɵĻһ뱥
Цһֲôء
Ť壬϶һ˿Σһɡ
§ıһ⡣ˣ·ߡ
ƿǺˮĶͷӰ˲үôԵˡ
ݺһССĳͷĿϣ˽ܳҵȻץȥġ
Сʹأ
ҶˡȻڸѾ˰ˡ
ɽ¶ָͣո¹꣬ɽ·̵שʯʪֻֻС̨ס
үȥվ𣿡һͲ̫
΢΢ףվǿջ
ջüͷٸϢվġٸôڿջ
һ̨ףϣ˵ٱ·ϵˡֻסڿջˡ
Ҳ̫ˡСֹջʲô
ûС巭һԾסǳӡĺۼûСֵġ
ͬĵͷȷ֡үȥ̿ɡ
קסȻؿջ˵žͺݺݳһӡ
ĻůǺХķչƣ¶
ƶԼȴֱ˻ȥ𶯡ᵲסҵߡ
ƽӲջʲôҪȻȥ
ĺĺ󲱾˾ҩ
⻹Ƶһεķء
ɣĿջæµĹٱһλ㲻ĵ
кܶ˰ɣͷĴš
彫˴ϣԸŵȥ׼ҩ
ջϰڹ̨﷭䵹òһҩƿ
ժӷڱǼţǡŤ˵ġ
ϰòַһƿӦˡ
ַڱţˡ
תƵһԵ᷿Լʰһ¡һһ·˵վųȥˡ
Ƴվ˴ϡ׼ҩʱͿűһ򿪡
ſڣ۾¶Ƕν׵СȡǷ֬
ٵƲͷϳһĨ糺졣ң㣬Ҫˮ
ƳһԱӣסԼȡʹͷӦһ
廹˵Щʲôȴֻ˳ȥ
űϵƲŻ̧ͷһĹڿٵĿڡôš
ĩ״ҩ˿ϣ˾
ĽҩͿȣڴŴɽȴһֱĻûгҲûʳôġ
ͷ־Ͳȥϵ˺ۡ
žһֱһʹ
͵̧ͷȴһ·ЦЦĿ
ֻ㲻ҪˮͲ֪ȥ𣿡
ʶıסСȣʲôʱģ
·ϣ̫·ô˸ġ
·ӣȻϴᱡࡣҲ
֪ΪʲôҾҵֵֹġҲֵֹġƵ
年˹ǣҪ˲֪ǼĪΪֻҪᱻ˷֡㲻𣿡
կǶٷЦЩΡԵе㱥
Цկ˼ҵģ˼ҵġҲ֪ǱٹȥĻǱȥġ֪Ūһƥǧԡʲôʱҡ
ĵЦţү˰ӿԸҼӵǮǮҲһ㡣
ЦһԡǾ͵ǮٷǮ

 17 

˵¬һ̵ҲǸеȵĵ̡ʳһ롣
ƻ·һȳһյΧŲֿתһȦ·ȻӲһĺã̫ˣҲɿġˣ·ܲ㡣
𣿡ߵǰʵ
һȺٸڵػصҲ֪Լʲô£ŵ⡭⣬ֻʶѡ
קק䣬ϣ岻עŲЩ˿ڣûʲô⣿
⾩ʳˣʳ⡣üĵλˣǻ⡣ʳյһ֣ʣµĶԼҿ
ע⵽ֵֻ֣ݺݵĵһۡ
ڨڨ֣ʵ˵Ĳ⣬⡣
ͷÿÿʳжģʱ˭ɽϵ˸ǲܡɽ˿ڶ࣬ôҡ
һȺٱֵʵͷԣģλүǲʲô£͸¶һ¡
ƴλСĵһҲСආǸֻʼ۸·ˡ
ҵˣɻ
֣бôһҵꡣֻǸССĻơƹǰ³ȥˡ
һۻڼݵ壬ͷ˼̫ˣʳնˡƹʱûдʲôʲôߵģ
εҡҡͷСƾôƹҲʲô󸻴ģܴʲô󲻹Щ·ϸҪ˵ʲôߵģҵ֪
ĻڳӰ߷ԸʲôӰ˹ִӲ˳ȥ
֪鲻ʲôˣֻܾʹաԲ֪ʲô
˵ͷֿʳǴ֣ײᶯʳҲǳ
Ӱȥ˲һĻˣүȥʹˡŵĿ˵ǰƹ˳ǡ
˵ǻ͵ЩʳǡҲ̫ˡƺһۣºɽ޹ء
̾˿Ŵɹķ׵·˳˼ЩʳȥˣѵĲˣ
ͷͣⲽǽãʵĵġ
ܵ⵹пܡûܵôջ
Ƶ뷨岻ıϡͬؿջ
ջںԺƥιŲݡżλүæʺá
ƶƥͷȣıҲ˲ٵĺ
ƥȣȱˮܱܿ
ƺϲƥȻԸʲô⡣౸ЩˮǮλ֡˵žָָԱߵ塣
ӵȻˣæȥ׼
ЦһǮµˣ
Ҳһ˫۾ʣү㲻˵𣿡
ĲĵͷǶˡֱνһˡ
Ŀڳ̹ġҲƽϣԹԵ˫ˮϸ¡
ƥģѱɵƺĻȤĴƥ˴ǣ߰ɣҪúҿջ
ȷƺ׽˷ܵĶţڵϷĸ´
ƽˮյֲɡνƺһֱſڵ΢΢ͷʾڡ
ջǺͷˡƻΧȦ·ǽڡ
үûаν
ҲҡҡͷûС
΢΢һ㶣ΪջҲ˰šû뵽ȴʲôûС
ջǰѹ𣿡Ƭʵ
ν΢΢ͷѹˣʲôûС
̾һеֶϵˡ۾Ϊš
϶ʲôϸɡ
νͽһϣϸΡ
죬ǵҿջʱɫѾˡһ··ֶֿһõ׼˷ˡ˷˾ƣ֮ҲǸʱ򶪵ġҲɹǵģջûҵҾ˵ԹҲ˯ˡ
յ˫ͻȻƲǹؼ
΢΢ףߵǵ߿ϸĿŵˡ
嶢ǰĲν˵ͷԸӰ˯ȥһѡ
ΧſջתһȦܾﲻԡջûеؽ𣿡
ǰһػջʱҲƣ죬ҲҪ
Ϊջȴûеؽѡܣղ˵ջġˡ
һᣬſڵһǰɡ
һǰֲϴҩҲ߰ġô̵ʱ䣬ϤҲӦõġ
֪ϸΪʲôҪջ𣿡ʵ
üЦŵҿջɽ·;·Ŀ˶ĲˡͲˣҹΪʲôء
֪ԭĵ˭ʵ
ұʵЩͷݻЦҲҵ꿪ɽ·ԣسҲм·û˺ǴֻǵǸŮˡĻͦƯġ
һŮڻĽҰĿջҾڼǰѿջˡûô򵥡
Ҳüͷ꿪ĿջȴûеؽѡؽѾǹؼ
ȥң˵ƾҪ
סĸ첲ָָ氵졣춼ˡֲЩˡƾôҡɡ
æһ죬һ˵ע⵽ɫտҲĶӣȷӡ
年ЦЦЩٱҲͣɡԹܼˡ
ջķ˵Ǻһ㣬ƾȻЩɽկţ⡣򵥵İ˼ڷ˸뱥Ͷ˷
Ǽ·»˴ֲѡ
·ıԵΪϵصԭѾЩˡ̾˿ǿϧôõˡ
ſڴ̨ϣҹɫĻһо֪ˡ
ǲףˣôΪʲô
ʮֵˬһһ鷢ŵ񾭶
ͻȻһ˴ӱĿֲԾ˴̨ߵĻƿ
һڵĵƹˡ۾Ҫ壬ȴʲôҲ
Ҫ۾ɤһ¾Ͳµ˭
ı۾Ӧһᣬ۾ȻͿһϤүô⡣
ָָɳ۶һӰ
д̿ͣʵ
ЦҡҡͷǳӰھҩȥһѡ
ĿԼϵ֣ʲô
һ˫۾ЦһΪԼɹˡ
ܳ¡
лҪ˵л2020-03-04 17:03:27~2020-03-05 18:27:45ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лͶ׵Сʹ㽶banana 1
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

 18 

ڶһƬƴŹǷڴͷϡ㻹ʲôеˡ
ǰԼ˱ˮôڣˮȴһζû©һڡˡ
ɬ۾ʲôˡ
ŲߵǰŴԺӡһӰһ´Ӵⷭ
һѳõĺڲϥصӦǴˣʲôû¡
˸վҲ֮С˷˾Ͳˡ
˵ͷֻҵصˡ˵ߵſڣ͵˽Ҳ˺úϢ
ƻϲİͳ˷䡣
ǰӻóһ
ҲȥӣֻɻĿʲô
ֳǰͣʾ򿪡
СĲ˰һӭϲĿŰͨͨ⣬ɣ
΢΢һЦԵ١˯ǰһЩһ¡
ƻϲϲĵͷһĸղŵĲͷСͿһǡףүһҹΡ
ǣ뿪ˡ
˷ţǰССڵĳɡȻԵţٶȼ졣һͳһ롣
ӣõ˿ڡӲ̵˴
¬ضɽʪóҲҪĶࡣҧһڸһСɽһ
Ƹոˮ˲ӡֵ˰Ѭӡһæ꣬ղŵֹȥһ롣
򿪴ɢڵİζȴԺһƶСڵ㡣
첱ϸ˿ȵܵķŶ롣
ƿŵһ˲䣬ͺˡǰ·һ룬¶˱Ĵ÷⡣
һæתס۾үҲǹġҪ档
ٵ׺·ֳһ˿糺졣ôô˯
ЩֵգŵҪ˵Ȱ·ðɡ
ϵ´ߵͷˣ˵ɣ
۾̵ת͸ָ쿴ŰַҸղſ˳ȥˡҹɫ̫ûп
ô˻ȥüͷƣһӰͳſڡ
и˳˿ջȥ
ӰһԾӴȥˡ
ųӰӰ̾Ӱȥ١
ЦЦĽһһĺá
ȵƴе»صѾ˺ҹʰһ£¶˯
תѾ͡ѾԺ￪ʼѲ顣
ƻ·ӷͿȻԵõĺŲ衣Сһҹ߰
Ƹ˳ǳʣµĸ㣬ȴݺݴֱôɣСĻʳ
ֱװģĺʹϴε£ҲҶԡֻһԵˮȡ
ŲԺ￴˿Ӱ𣿡
ҡҡͷûС
ҹŵ˿֪˭ʵ
ζһЦ˼ľˡһ˶١
һ˶٣ƵһˮϡϸˣѵǳӰˣ
ӰṦܸһǸ֡˲峤̾һ̫ܡ
ƳͷָϵˮԴӽӣͷ۵һһѵС
嵹ɫ㲻صġѾЩϤķһһ£ܻ¶š
Ƴע͵͵һŽһȥ濴
쵹աһɲιƥ۾ȴĶȺٱ
νǰ˸񣬵Сڴţܵʲô
ĺĲӣǧүϲĺܣ
νļ˻ǰȡ
ƽקû˵ˡ
νŵú˼еǺ̫ҡ
ưοĸüͷӵȷһЩҲֻʱ򣬺ֻΪˡ
΢΢ʾǸ⣬Щ˲Ҫƽϡ
ν֪Сүߵĺĸ񡣿ŵС˵ЦˣүİôƽϡСү˵һ˵ֵһˣҲûиǲǻطѡ
Ժ泯ĹǡҲǣջ飬һѵľô࣬ȻһҲûС
ǽջжʵ
νָָǲԶһȦĵ⸽ɡǸ·ͦ۵ģһžͽȥˡҲû⡣
ΧһȦغʵġͻȻ뵽ʲô߽ǿϲĵݣһԵɨɨɨϵԸǰƥǨߣʰ
νɻ󣬡⡭ʲô
ƽ͵ջ˸׳죬ΨûľǡڻҲ̫ˡȥү
˵ּֿνûзӦͿԶˡɿ𣿡
˽ƥǣְѵϵŵĵһһ˲ſǽһ˿Ķڡ
ЦЦ¾ǵؽˡ
νٱһ˾;һյС͵ȥˣȷкܶʳӡŹٸıǡ
⻰ԭüͷҲչˡ
СνȥҾѾҵˣⷸ˾˭
ƿ˿ڳˣ˵Ϥֻе⼸λֻǽ겻£Ҹҩæҵѵ֪ؽѣ
ҡҡͷһ֪
䣬Ӱһ󡣳屧ȭ񡣡ү
ͷһԵվ󡣵ȴ֪һлҪ˵ΪݾߣָһԵĵңΣҵġȰץɡ˵˾ͻ˷䡣
ԺҺƵĽԩ
Ȳϣʵһ㿴ʲô
һҹʮɤӶð̡Ӱͷһ裬ſڵҹǸȥͷˡ
ͷҲ˵߻µĲֹһˡ
Ƕҹзҿ˵Ǹ˵书ߡӰҹ龰ڳĻĽ档˵˼仰ͷֿˡұȸǸŵˣץߵϸû뵽һ˷ңһߴһܡֱ˲Ṧַˡ
ʼüͷ򲻹
Ӱص˵ͷֽýҲжɱСֻҲɱҡĴҲĶ֡
Ҳͷ˼ôһֳ¬ΪʲôϿʲôڱϵĺۼʲôġ
ӰǺһЦû뵽λСҲЩûҴҲȫⲫûʲô·ǿļɡ
ʤУͷɻ
ӰĻ֪һ֡Сѵѧ䡣
Цѧʲô书ǵ;˵ˡ
žһӴ˳Ӱֱϡ˵
Ӱ෢ֱһζһɼŨҵ                    
лҪ˵ʼˡ߾ǸʵȨıҿԲһĻboss˭

 19 

Ũҵüͷ롣˵ζƽľŮӵ֬ˡ
᲻֬㣿ѵŮӣʵ
Ӱͷ˼˵֬㵹Ҳܡֻ˵ߺҲ࣬Ůӡ˵վôߵŮӣҲ̫ټˡ
忴һɵɵӣЦȷߵŮ̫עĿˡң֬ҲһŮӡŮ죬ֻ֬ġ
Ůʤ֬ȴԴӴ֡ǲȴӳ֬Ӳ𡣡
ƻ䣬Ӱʹӻͳһ֬Ѿȥˡֻһ̣֬ϰǸиķˡɷǸ½ŵľһ֬һʲô˵ʮƳһۡ
֬ȻֲڵζǺšֿЦЦ˻죬Ӱ˿͸ԼĹ
Ӱһ죬֬ƻʲôĹ͸ԺѾ߰ɡ
Ʒڱţ˸硣֬ﻹ˻ۡûٷ˼
óһӵݸԻ۹
΢΢ףҲǺ֬ԶЩ˵ζôŨϵ֬᲻մϸϡ
֪ľ˸νǵýʱƥԸνķӦܴζմпܻᷴӦҡ
үһνֱ۾
岢֪͸νʲô顣Ȼɻ󵫻ǷԸӰѸν
νʲô𣿡Ӱ˷źʵ
ƽ͵ոգȥȴҾûô򵥡
©ˮһһεδδӰѾһˣȴûл
ӰôڿջҲܳ£ƵȵЩͷˡ
Ļ˵꣬žͱصһײӰҴҵܽνˡ
һվˣô᲻
˼ææ¥ͿԭڳԷĹٱǶվڴ
νȭŸν˵Щʣ֮ûлˡѾȥˡûҵ
ȻǷųȥģͲ̫ԶѾƽĵƧɽ·ǽȥһҡ
ȴȹϵϣֵķ㶸ˡҪǱ֪ˣҪЦ
忴ԭתȦƣȻԵõ˲ϵĿӣһڲŻʵϸݡ֤ݶˡοֻ·ߡһԶӣǺϼϵҵȵȰɡ
һûԣƵȷЩˡ·˵ζꡣŽθϡҲأ
ᡣҨһǰҪˣҪʬ
һ仰û뵽õûӦȴӦˡҸոսջſڵĵʱ̧һŰײĵܻˡ
ƿŵİײһûѪɫӳ
ʧѪ࣬׵Щˡټ˫ûбϵ۾˲ֱӡ
΢΢Ų嵲סƵߡô¡
Ӱǰһ͵ǷʱѾˡɽ·Ϸֵģӳȴɱˡ
жǺν𣿡ʵ
ӰСѧ䣬ЩڹָơӰҡҡͷ˲ǽϵ֮ʶˡܿ죬ȴ˿ϿʼǼװƲӡ
üġ˼죬ˣʼٸ߻֪˭˭ЩϢ
νڶˡͲٵĹϵ˼Ĺ⾰һҲ𲻳
⡭νԥǰƽ˺˵ʱͲʹֻ֪ܣһ֡
ĳջߡһһ߶ԳӰȥģƽʱЩ
ƻԭûӦͣ£ߣج𣿡˵žסĸ첲
ģģĸǰߣӸղ;ЩԾﲻԾ˵
ҹʱ֣û˯ýľ˴ϡһ۾ǸνŵֻЬǰǺ֬
ϵ£εڡڵվѴϣȴһӰĴӴ£
ƼˣȴһЦôˣ
ĨĨؿڣŲϿ˿үôȥġ
˿ھƣЩЦţҺͳӰСһѧգȻˡ
ͷòЩᡣ৵һ˽ڴ̨ϣҹɫҪҪȥһ
ҹķ绹еġ˼岢ݶϡϵǺһһˡ
СʱҸǱĸ͵͵ݶϺȾơҴһ㣬Ҿͺ͸һݶϺȾơǸʱ򣬳ӰṦûôáǡᵽүһ˵ûûˡ
ޱߵͷҲԼԶڽĸĸҵĸĸǲŲµġֻҹԹԵڷšҵЩø磬Ⱦơ
ȵ΢ͷҲЩΡŮҪһ֧Ůܡ
Ʋ˼۾Щ̫ԼĶ䡣ү˵ʲô
ݼϣ˵˵ԻСͱĸĵĺܣֻϣԺѡиˣһ
һԭ˵ǸǱ첲ֵŮȻЩĽǸù˼ܹܼңԺи˼ҵġ
ľƵݸùһСڡľƲϷᣬӵͷүܺ˵һ˵үôŵ𣿡
Ѿƺľƺ˸⡣ͷҲ˯ǲŵġʲô壬սϵľû˵ĽҲԿޡǱ˺ġ
˵кܴĳ롣Ҷ˵үս˵̫ҽġҲΪ˸
үտƾģҪô˵ͨ壬
Ϊҹ岻ͣߴա˫ָǽס
εİŵĳϡֶ˶տҲƺǰѾƶȹˡҹ˾ȴֻҹﴵ硣
һ紵һӤƽԼıַյķ̵ϡ˭˵ŮֻŮܣҾҪɰأƾԼһһǰߡ


 20 

һҹ磬ƶɪɪƫƫǸ˻ڲͣĳ·ֲͣ俿
СԺĳӰ̧ͷͿűܿڷϡô档
ƿһɤҲЩơ˻֣ʾ
ӰһԾԵǽڷС˵ʲô
ϵ壬ߡ
Ӱһ𾪵Ŀ˯壬ֿ˿ƣǡ
Ȼ⡣ԼƭǣԼȴߡҵˡ
Ӱҵ飬æأҿҲȥ
Լ˫ȣһһϮһɡҵҪһ
ȻûץĻʹôһһ뽪ںıζһСš
ʹʹ㻹ȡͷԼȹ⡣
ƿǰǸˣݺݵҧүǰõĺܳסȹ˾ƻҵ·
ͲһóӰȥЩ۽ɡ
¥³µϴٱѾڵ׼·ˡ
𣿡ƹ˱ʵ
峤̾˿ǸҲǸʼ϶ǲ֪ܡ
ˡͻȻԼկǿơҵƻ
ӻóһӣǰ˻Ρ˵ǲһơ
ϵְ֣ץסүʲôʱûġ
΢΢ֶ˻óӰȥ͹ٸͨûơ
ʵĺãԺʱҾóӰûˡ˵һתȻһģǾ͵õʱٸ㡣
΢üͷһĿ治㡣Ƕ˹ǮƶûˡүĿ֧ܴƶˡ
年˴ǣô˵ҵˣȥҪĹǮ
ĻĴͷдŲġСֹţҵⴲô㡣
Ķⶼµʣк˵ʲô𣿡
°룬˵ĺܶ࣬˵㸸ףп
峤һһ㣬ΪƽĬԣԺ֮ϲ˵ûûˡӻ֪ʲô˵ʲô˵ûǸ˵
˵һᣬӰ۽ƺ˽ͷ˯һȵʱѾˡ
˸һɾ·¥ջĵ׬˱ǮϴԩЦ۾ˡ
ӰԺŻϾҪˣҪ𣿡
ӰһæһߵһڼңүЩġ԰ڻס̫ӵĶĿ
ƿƥʱ䲻ȥ
ӰѳϵΣү˵ġһҹ磬ǲүҪˡ˵ţӰϵĻңСһûү˭ôĵġ
ƽЦšһ仰ˡûԼʲôһǮ
һ·ûˮߵҲƽȡư˯ˣҹҲֻ忿һһ̲סͷ
ү˲һ᣿³
˯ԺͷһƵļϡ
⻹ƵһôĿ˳Ǻÿﶼ˵¶׹⣬Ҳ֪ĶôǲĶӡ
ỮȴһץסΪ˯Ͳ֪˵Ľë˶˫ۡ
Ƶͨͨͣû˯ţ
˯ˣֻļǹͷˡ
ΪԽԽɻֻ˵һǵӵû˵Ҳ˵ġ
ԥſڣүһɻܾˣүΪҴɽ󡣡
˯ЩˣͷЩ˳˵ɡ
Сĵүǲϲˡ䣬һɨŵϽͣҲǵ;˵;˵
ʲôҲû˵ӳ˳ˣϾҪˡ
Ĵ⣬ЦĲãεĺһһȥ죬ﶼˡ˵ţһλصĸǰҿҰ˳
⻹Ƶһμλװ綼ͷҲֻ׺ӡȥԶ
幧˸ʰڼ꣬Ҳ԰ܹܼҡ
Ҳͷһμһ˹λǲС
ҲæǰҾﰲǸϵſ͡
´ͻȻЦ
֣Ǹúӣһúͬ˵ġ
ƺƺȤͣĺ˵Сˣˣﶼ˭
Ƹ𻰵ǽˣʮˡһ㡣
ﳤһ࣬˵Ҳġʮꡣ˵ţʮꡣ
λﱻæܼҵģæ׵ġ
Сľܸүȥ£ǸѧʵġŵĿ޵
΢΢һЦǫүҰˡ
һߣͿһ˳ǰﲻͣţ˾ȾǰɡȾǰɡ
ƿ˿ϵ·԰Ůഩɫѣֻ̫˴ŷɫѡ
ôˣüͷܲĿ龰
˸ͷסԺӶǴӾġүȺ˵۲ûиɲ£ĳ˵ǸˣЩ˵ķŪǡʱһҲˡ
իЩ¾Ͱǿˡ⡭һۣʹӼ˶꣬Ҳ֪ơ
ƴƼݣģ˺ԺҲܳɴ¡
˼Ƭ΢΢ףȻͬˡȻѾ߰ɡ˵ֲ˿ҲòôźԺѾһЩڸʣµͽׯҲǸ¡
Ȼ˼ЩµģͷˡЩʵͳȥҲһ·

 21 

Ӷһһ˫ԲԲۣȥ޺ϲѵǣȻǴ̫ӸģΪ²ûһ㽿ƾҲԽϲʱʱȥүЩԵĺȵġ
ƱΪܴԺܳЩ£û뵽бµĲλӶһλ֧İޱ
һգȥ̽Ϣ
үӰѷǰӱġ
弱ɴĲšдļ򵥣ֻ֣ѡ
յüģֶˡѲ
Ųӿ˿ϵݣЩЦൽʲô˰˭ҲҲ
Ҳÿɣһ˭صôǼ顣ֻҪ˻ϣͻн˵žдõܺҪҳĻҲҪץ
ӰӦһӹǷܺߵԺӿھͿһ毺õĹһľʳг߹
ĸԺѾߡ֪鷿𣿡Ӱ첲ס
ǹﳤһŰƴС۾ҲˮӯӯģһˣԺģаޱүЩʳ
үһֱϲλ͵ԺҲүĳʳпͲòˡ
ޱͷ˵̧ͷʱȦѾίһֻķԸү͵㶫ҲҡȻȥҪ𷣵ġ
ӰվһŸ첲һ˽ӡ˵˲ܽǲܽ㵱⻹̸ۻأ
ޱͳӰֵĲɿǱߣӶʹĸ̤ԺˣҷķԸүЩġ
Ӱ˰ʾϿȥ
ޱĽ鷿ĽɽӡȴҲҼĺͳӰ˵ֻװˣΪʲôӶԽȥҾͲԡ
ӰָָӶıӰѾߣѾߡڸʲôλ㲻᲻֪ɡ
ڸܾ֪ģﻹǻʹͽġݵλ߹Щ
ӰϻܺҪͣȻĥʱ䣬ﻹǻȥɡվһ죬үҲ㡣
ޱոջŵϾʧҧҧתˡ
ӰߵԶҲ˿ȥү¡
鷿Ӷʳóһ̾µp⣬ְںΪүġү
忴һ۶ŸŲ۵ƣЦżһŽԼܲҶл
Ӷ΢΢һЦպʳг鷿
ЦЦĿƣּһ㣬һ
ֺõЦЦүԸһ飿
ϸǿ͸pҡҡͷΪ׼ġԺɡ˵žͶԼ
һһĸ˸⡣
彫ӷ£һڲˮЦʵ㻹ʲô𣿡
Ƴ̾˿ûˡֻүһ䡣˵仰Ǹܻ˵ˣ˵Ҳ˳ġүȥְĵط˵һָˡ
Զ֮ŴԵĹóһɫСƿһźɫҩȥ
ǰŸսԼԺӣ͸Ҳ˽·ˡ
ƿǼӲӵֻô̵Լ۾ۡɫϻý˰ƣԵøӻ
۾ЦЦлˡֻ·̫ˡһɡ
ղŻЦŵһϾ;죬ʲô˼ǲϲ𣿡
ô˵ϲЦôᡣֻǾùڻˣƽʱææģҲûᴩ
գһ˫ۣʵæ𣿡
ƻûӦҡҡͷûа
Ǽ·ΧתһȦǾ԰ɡ
ſھܾǼ·ͱϡ·ǰ䡣Ҳɫȹźá
ƵͷŪţ֬ȴ֪ʲôʱ˳ǳӰ˵Ҫ͸ٵǺС
ҪȥȴȡСϻŮҵĶ
εЦЦֻӽ͵֬ǰ칫ʱС
û˵꣬ЦʮɬĵСҵģ
̾˿Թô˰ѻ˵ꡣ˸Ҿׯص֬ǡ
֪ЦǺ֬ʳָָմһЩͿ촽ϣС⡣Һϲ
ƿϲصĳԺӣֻ춼ˡǳӰ͸ٵġҪ֪ǰһֱûСĽҪһˡ
żϣȥȥˣſֻ͡ԽԽµĻšͻȻӰӰǰһζ
ӰƼæ׷˳ȥ㡭
Ӱæ˦֣СŮ鷿ſءҵøϽȥ
ƿԼֵ֣С·һֱߵſڡˣȻ֬ûˣǾһݲϰɡ
˵ϳ̷֬ǼһӲɡӾҲԶһ͵ˡ
ƸոͿȺŮӼһߴߴ˵Цš
Ӽ˳кþû֬ˡ
֬ǸŮƹһ˺ЦǰλСӣ֬ģ
ԵЦЦǸеĽ򡣡
ŮƹһЦ˳ʲôЦЦƵġǣǸеĽ㿴ô˵ʹӼһźӵ֬
ƴ򿪺ӣӭľһɻ۵ζæſڱǣѸӸϡִóһϡˡ
ŮƹպӣĻϲİ֬÷Ž֬յĺɻµšܶ฻̫̫СǶϲ
΢΢ףһתͿһɫȹĹƿӽڼ䡣
ȹʽɫϤˡҲЩźСѾߡ
Ůƹ˳Ŀ͵ǵõѾߡ˵ǵҵλÿǺøһ
üͷ⵹Ǻе񡣡Ѿ߽Ǵ𣿡
ŮƹЦЦֹλõ֬ͷͣǵġ
УһλŰ۵ӴӺ߳üĿ续˵һֻ֥ϰ׵ûһ˿ѪɫЩĲ⣬ޱѾ˿˿İ׷
ƹĶСѾߴӻͳһŵݸֵѾڽ߾ܵİˡ
΢΢һЦͷź֪ҲֻпӲܺùһ㡣˵ţҵĹó˼СƿӣϤƵģкɻȴûмӻۡȥðɡ

 22 

Ӱ̷˶ʮꡣʮǹСүǽԵС۶Ӳϵﶼûͷ۹ΨֻλޱӼѰ
ÿδʱһޱһľʳԺſһվҲſ˵ЩʲôֻȦųӰԼǸӵĸĺһ
˴ԼգӰܲˡڰޱüԹ֮ǰܽ鷿
үȥ濴ɡǰޱʵ̫֡ʲôԲһ
ƵͷǿЦ⡣ޱﻹЩֶεģ֪ӰӲֻǲ̸֪ⷽģԼġ
ոճ̶⣬Ҳûжȥġȥɡ
ӰվԭһٶһΪѵүȥɡʵڲ
̿ӡĳӰʲôµģû뵽ȴһŵŶҳ
үҪҳ𣿡վʵ
ȷȥΪģƴװƤ˶ٵŮġ룬ǵͷЩҪ顣
ķԸߡ
ޱվڹ⣬һ˫Ŀ˵ݡֲóӰҪҲ˵֡
ƿԥ˰βǰһޱ
ޱ۾_һۣСҲȰҵģ
ͷүճԹĵģݲ
죬СҲֻҵġޱ˵Ż˳
ޱ˵޾Ϳ޵ı±֬ҲûвȥƺĴ̫ӸŮһȥϷﳪϷˡ
æӻͳһȰȱޣҪʳиңҸүͽȥɡ
ޱҲȥӣߵƵĵͣͽȥˣүҲԵģ׷⡣ȥﻹҪҡ
һû˻ȻһүˡȥҲи
ޱӲ˲ϵۣʳеĸӴ򿪡װһԲӡֻǷŵľˣСԲѾһ
ƸҨһ׷һСڣӰվſڴү
ǷҲǣҲǡǡҡ
Ӱ˿Բӣү˵ˣѳʳҲýȥ
С˼鷿ȫûע⵽İޱҧ
ѳʳýȻΪ˳ԡ
֪Щʲô͸Һȣ̰ëҳҪһһˮ
Ƶͷ̰죬͸˵ǲϲԵġΪ˸үǽѡ
ЦһԺж۾šǶ֪ߵĺˣץסңץסҲһġ
˵ҲɻЩ˷ֵԺǲ͸ж𣿡ү˷ˣ
ЦЦߵ»ҡ
ԹɫҲһ㰵ʰϵĲֽ̣ӳıϵղ·鷿ʱ򣬿Χ˺öˡ֪ʲô¡
ƳһСڣ÷ĺܿθ鷿첻ΧģӬȥ
β̫һ棬һӰԺصתȦкȥ
֣Ҳ˹ġȥزһ¡
Ƴһھͻ𼱻ǵ˹ȥȻ˵һ鷿汻Χ㣬һӬҲֻӰһͷöӡ
ӰҾʰ
Ӱæǰһסȥ·СүеҪæȥ
ƿһվԱ߲һԵЦǺǵƵ˺Ժ֮ǰ鷿ִûľʱͷԺİǽһ
Ŷڽȥֶǽ鷿
鷿ûеƣܺһƬߵ˴ߣͿһڴϡ
֣̽̽Щ죬ݡ
⣬ûʲô°С
Ȼأϣȥ𣿡ͻȻһ
үû¡۾һĲ˼顣ǳӰ⡣
ʳָߣʾڵ
䣬ݶϴϸƬζ
ŵĲһԵĹ¶һ˿϶ܵĺڰ
һϸŮĿ˴ߣȻǸOO@@Ħ
ͻȻһʵ𣬡ɡ
ڹִһ̵߳¿ʲôÿġ
¼һϣһˣӦҵ¿ɱˡ˵ԵĹóһСҩŽ
ǿҩϸ˿ЦЦȵԲ˺ϻɢ쵽˷ʱ䣬ǵðˡݳϷ
ǰھֻԽԽֽ̡ϵҲŤһֻֻСһĹͷ
ϵһڣȴһˮȵϣ˲
ĲʣǿվĵߵˮԣˮϴϴվһЩƶľţ֨ѽ
عͷȴޱһװվſڡ΢΢һЦſڣүǱ߳˵飬ҪҪȥһ
ֻͬħһһɥʧǡ֪ģԺľſ˰ޱļϣԼǰߡ
ķ紵ϵĹ̡һһ˿ǡðޱעѲҩŽ
鷿ﾲģûһˡƽʱĳӰҲʧˡޱƿ˷ţߵ˴ߡ
ȻѾԹ˽ҩҩЧûûˬ
ޱſյĴֻòȻ͸оһʹ
ŷĶݺݵԼĴȣԼ궯ƽ
뽫ѣָ쵽ǰ͸оһ
æֵó˼ҩȥҩƵģɽٶ
ҩƾúࡣֻһһ¹
ҩԵĲʱ֪֪ᷢʲô͸һ˿ŭ
ƾֺһˮȻ֪ᷢʲôֺ±ޱֻ֣СǸ˾ӡ
֪ⲻүƷЦ
İĲ豭ˤ˵ϡ
صһűײһȺ˾ŵڴϵˡ
Ӱ֧֧˵һ仰Сүǡ

 23 

ޱӶһӹ¡Ҳ˹ڴࡣһ޹ͬﲻ߬ӡ
һ·ԱߡҩĺܣЩͷ͵ġҪҩڻڴϡ
硣ҴҵĸϹӰ˵
Ļû˵꣬͵һۡʲôãʱ˵ûûġҪǴȥ˻ô롣
£ȵ˵
ȻֻܱϡѾ¹ŵ˸顣
óӰʱ˹ˣ֪ﲻĹءҾһһԡ
µˣڡ֪λﶼɻһ˵ġ˵ţͳʹһʾǰ
ᣬȻ˼ĴóƿӵСƿװǽүԹĵĵĲ
ĻͲ֪ơȴĽ겻
ֱͦ۾һĶƿӡϵЦҲסˡ
үʲôʳֽ𣿡ѹͷĲ
忴һۣʾм˵
ܵʾ⣬ŲæĵǱ
üͷĻǡֶҩҲûʲôүа
й˹֣һֺϻɢҩЧϻɢƵİԵǺ˾һȡΪʳõ٣ӳٴʱ䡣Ҳǿϴɵķ
ȴǹеҩȿʹ鶯ֿԲźۼͳ˹еĽҩܽӴĶһˡ
忴˿¹ŵˣݺݵӡǻʲô˵ġҩǺôĵӡ
ҪǸԼҩġƵķﶯֽšǸ˻ڵ岻ܣ˳ҩʱ䡣
Ӷʼյͷ޻˵ޱȴһ˫۾վԱߵơ
վޱɻл˵ȻѯʣĮȴ˻
ޱתͷȥ˿΢΢ҡҡͷ
вֲ˵ֻܼͷ
ЦһԸӰȻ˾ڲˣŸЩѾһ𻹸̫Ӹȥ
ø첲ͷͷ۵ӡû뵽Ӷˡ˵ţ̧ͷ壬Ҳãñ˿ӡ
ڼիһӣȻŴеЩˡ
嵹ûйҲԤ֮С
峯񣬡ˡ˵˷Ժӡ
һԵ˳ȥҲӲ˲ûᡣѾͷǸĳģʶ˲壬үܿˡ˵Ҳ˳ȥ
صԺİϵһײ߶˸⡣
ѾͷΪǸģû뵽ˡôı
Ѿæ˰ѵϵƬʰɾ˳ҲְܹޱҪ־͹ǸӶ̫ˡ
Ͱޱһʱ䣬ȻŰޱ˵
Լ侲ƽһͿλνСǸŮŽ˻ֱӵĹϵӶ롣û뵽ȴһ¶ûɡ
ĵһĴࡣˡȥΪ˷ҩ˵ʲô˵üģҪȰޱֺٶˡ
̫ѨҲ̫ˡǲǵ£ӡ
ֳ̾˿ڸ͵ĸ硣ǣżΪ̫Ӱ¡£Ҫˡ
Ȼͷۣޱȴùˡ
谵Ĳޱǵݵĵϡȴϸ
֪ոҪ˵ʲô屧Ÿ첲һ衣֪ݡ
ޱͷעλСүʱ˵Į룬ӵˡ
ֻǺ棬㷢ֵģ﷢ֵġ
ޱס죬ֻصķ졣ദ٣Ȼ﷢ֵġ
ǰӿҲḨҡǷ£Ը϶ȥ˵⣬ͻȻͣһ£֪Ҷ˼𣿡
ޱǰŭ˵ֲֻ˼㡣ǲµλСү⣬ֻû뵽˿ء
صһԶԣǵļƻˡӦøеңҪӶ˺ͲֻǱͻ̫Ӹˡ
ޱͫӶǸصˣֲͻȻ֣ԭԤϵһС
֪ܡҲ˵ġ۾Լƽ֪ޱдһֺ֡һ˽㶾ƣٿȥ˫֡Ͳ߱ˡ
ޱĻѾۣƴҡͷǽš
վ㲻ԸΪһ˷ˡӦ֪ô졣
ޱ۾ﲼѪ˿ŵ˵ͷ
մӲͲ磬Ӱ˵һϡǲᡭ
ոæ飬۵һ仰Ҳ˵ͷۡ
˵ľս磬㵹˵Ҫһûѳס
ûĻ˵꣬ͺݺݵĴͷһң⻰˵ڣ治
źԣ졣Сֹţвˡ±˵
ֻ˵˵졣Һûʲôֻ˵Ʋ߰ˡ˵Ƴһ۳Ӱӣҿǹ̫ˡ
ӰͷЦЦҡֻдȥҲڶһƬʲôҲû塣
ȻˣԹԵĳǰߡ
Ӱ֪ˣһһ͵׻үȼ֮ӶֻѳжǶ֧ˡļƲҿûеġ
ҲЦ˵ء˾ӣ˵ǲҩҩҲʲôԽص¡
ɫءȴϻڴϣ˫շӡҲӲȥ
Լҩ뵽Ҳ롣ֻʵǱ߿Ϣ
Ӱһ֣ӻͳһšѾˣүĿ

 24 

ҹĻϵһ硣ȴڳ˯
үӰȭ縮˵ʧˡһ˱լ
űʵһ١˵֣ǷļҲס֡
æͣ˱ʣǼʲô
Ӱһᣬǻ˼ܡ
弱æ׹·Ըһȥֿ
ϻһɽζҲһ鲼Ƶģɵġͷβܿ˴һƷͷ㡣
լ档ԭɫİǽѾѬķڣֻдϵҶܿĳܼסĵطͶ᷿ջٵΪءһʼҲǴӵġ
ƴֻͷԷ¡Щγһ·Ϲһ̲ͣ
ǰЪ˺һŻĿ˵ʬڷ
Ӱָָߣ᷿
᷿죬ô̫᷿ﲻиζ
һʬ͵ãʬֻһʬ£֡
ӰͷЦ˵үԸģ˵˶ֽš
᷿Ѿ׼ʬ
´䷿ӣֲҪʬֻǽڱѬһЩļҾ߰ڷȴûʲô𻵡
ϸ鿴һЩʬϽеˡ˵ָָһʬϵĺۼڴ£Ʋӡ
ĻҲȥڴңҼǵϵĵҲǴҡ
Ӱ΢΢סϴʱʬǵúܿɱģڵһˡ
ùϸϸļʬֵںܿ죬һ
忴Χʬͷ̽Եƣһס۾ϴοʬ嶼ŵ˯ţ㲻ˣ
ǿ֡Լקݶȥ˭һҹ۵洵硣
ӰԺﲻͣĻڴϵĻ档ǿԼЩδԺϳȥ
纮ˣƿһֱȸͣе
ɨһۣͷҲ˼ڲվһᡣ˵ס˿ڱǣﳱʪ䣬û
ƺص㡣ʣȥʲô̿򣿡
彫ӷ£ЩĮ˽̿ǱĴɡֻȥЩ顣
΢΢סֲǵʱɫɷףһ仰û˵Լ˹һǰԼɺһĻˡ
תȦʵûʲôȻˣȥ᷿
ƸճţӰʹյߡүȾϷ纮ˣҪҪȥиУ
סЩĻҲƳš
Ӱһվԭɶͷԣ첽ߵߡ˵ʲô𣿡
һֻʵĶ̿鶾ЦһĴҲĴͺϷʬɡ
Ϊ˰İֳ᷿Ѿյֻʣ»ķݽṹˡľƵĴױ̨Ѿճ˽̿
ϸϸĲ鿴һЦЦӵЩ֡
Σʵ
ȻΣһ١ָһҲ䣬ǲŲͷѾΪλҪΪļˡһСɱҲˣΪʲôҪһⲻ̫ͣһ£ߵеȼŵľǴϵᣣջصȴױ̨Ϊʲô
üͷô˵ɱΣҪΪҶҲԲų²ߡǰ˼ʲô
ܷڼߣŵģǾֻС
飡ͬ
һԶؼСϡ϶š¾ŵб¶ʲôֻլճҲҡ
ҵȥվֱӣλߵѪǰլҷ׳죬ҲҳõĶ
һ˾Ϊһ仰Ӱѵ˺ҹͲ°լˡ
үڳҵЩİװֽһλЦ
̾˿Ⱥʲôҳˡվһ¡һ磬ˡ
լȻ޵Ĳ󣬵ǿĳ˵Ʒλǹǰһɺͼһ˪ѩͼ
ֻͼϻ÷ʴЩӲ֦ɵҲ̫Ȼʹ֮һЩң⻭Щ졣
ƲϽժϸĿ˿
⻭⣿ͣʵ
ʳָպЩˮͿ÷ϡȻīɢġ
Щ˷ܵľ˻үظӦ֪һЩ
ﻹΪޱġû뵽µ¾Ѿ
ӰĸϵԺһֵү롣
ﻹЩ֪֮ġ֪岻ϲ˼Żŵ϶ǳʲôӣ˵֪ޱӶ˭ָʹˡ
ֽ뷨ӳȥ͸˵һʰϽӳϡǻؾǡ
֪Ҳԥ˴ȥֱһ档
ӰŸСѾ߽䣬ʱȴֻһˡҲ֪ʲôԱߵʹɫȥ鷿
鷿˵ȫΧһĳ
ովӵĿȥͰޱʱǹﲻ֪ģһ仰˵վڽɪɪǿˡ˵ͣƳƣǳ˵ġôһˣߵʱۡ
˼˶ˣ˸Լ϶ñӡ
ЦЦҹѶ֪ģﻰﻰⰵָȾȴš
ǷᣬЦŵ㿴ô
ܡʫ鶼ֻͨƷƳһ۾Ųˣ⻭Ƿ̫ˡ
ӹϸ˿˵ͬҲֻ⻭ϵ÷ͬ
⻭ģʵ
ƻͷһ壬ͷŵ⻭ǰ참ʱġҲе񣬾˻
˵ӣºǣ
΢΢һЦ⻭˵ҲǸƷ¶ǡοҵǷڹڵĺúõģСǲţ˵ͷ塣
΢΢סҲ뿴ж񡣿ɲ˳ϡ
ͿԼѾ˽񶼹˲о˵ϣȥɣһ˺öˡ

 25 

ɫһ±òҰסڵϣ˫ĿſǰˣǸأ硭
ȴļ١òҵɲٶˡ
һ߳Ժһ߷ԸţӰȥ
æ׼ţȴ½Ǳץ
عͷЦקק·Ǹʲô
ﶢãɿ֡һΣĲˣſһ˿ϣ
һ籡ѪҺĵǡҲ˸顣һӦҵҪĶԲûլһʬ𼣡
̽̽һƵıϢ̾Ϣҡҡͷûˡһ˺լһģһ
ƿ˿ЩʬסŮƹ񣬵СЩϴʱ򶼼ֻеʬ廹ûп
һĵأƿ˿ʵ
ԥŵ磬˿ζҼų˳ǡ
ݳǣĻλζҾˡ
᲻ᣬζҾɱЩ˵ߣӰ
ƴܣﲢûʲô෴кֻܶд÷÷ֻֻһǶӡ¸һκĺӡ
үһ첽ߵߣ´һпζҳǵһ
ڳЩ˺κûʲôҪ֪ǲģҪ
˵ͷԳӰȥģͰǸĽ
ϳ⣬κ˺ۣѪͨɫ˳Ѿý˳˫ֱĲӡϣܷһܿϣͱˡ
΢΢ͷּ䲻ͣԾǸӰŻһѪ
ܲ˵ġǸӰһӴܵһƾͰĵ¡
ʵ̫κȥļҲС
κſڵϣڵĴŴڻǺ˭Ҫ˭ΪʲôҪɱң
ǺӰֵĵ֣̫ӵ˽Ǻ²Ƶģӻͳһơ
κڵϣڳһ֡Цɾأ߹롣̫ӺֶΡЦЦ³һѪ
ӰЦһĲϣ컵£ͲҪ̫ӣҲҪҡ
ӰҪһ̹ȥκȴþȫվȥ
ӰȴЦЦһϷһҲ
׷ȥκҲֻ֮ò̫
ӰջĽվ±ߵκζһЦǴȥ˵һδ˸Ҳһԣ
κԥĿ£鲻ǰɸߵ£ȥ˻ļҲûмɡ
ӰЦγ˽ҪԼ֡˵ҧҧδˣߡ
ڽһ˲䣬κĿⰵ˰ת·һʧһƬɫ֮С
ӰźһƬ£սĽ̫ԸҪۿκΪһʧҪͱȥ鿴
׷ȥ˵˵УֻȻȥ
κΨһˣȻֻڼݷϣܻƽ
һȥζҵĳָųϿŵǶ÷ϲ÷⳵Ŵ÷
忴˿ӡѪǿɽ
ƿŵϴ̲ѪգôѪ׶༪ˡ
ǸѪһ·ȥ͵±ߡ
ҡҡͷ˵ɽ¡
վ±¿˿ʮɣȥ¾ûˡ
ק첲űԵԶԶġɽ±Ϻ׳ΣաҪǵȥˣҿɲʱȥѰ㡣
̾˿κǾͲ𣿡
ĶͷɽĶȥңⲻңζҿҲûĻˡ
Ҳ̾һζΨһֵ߽ģҵʬ᷽ࡣ
Ȼ֪ЩֻΪһ޻ٵȥ˵Ͳֵˡ
ҡҡͷˡٴӱĵطְɡ˵תʳӰ̽û
⻹ûСӰ˵žʹӻóһŷ⣬ǣһ鱾взֵģƺᵽ˴ӡ
Сʱͻһ飬̫ӵıʼϤġŷϸ˿ȷ̫ӵ֡
ƵһԴӲʼЩ鶼̫ģ
νδСǹ̫֮ǴǼ̫ģ̫˷˼ˡ
üͷ̫Ҳܽһˡ̫һ񡣡
ƿһô˵
ЦЦ˭ڹݵ£
Ʋ˼
Ͷˡ΢΢ףݵиʧȻùǵһ񡣡˵ͣһ£˿ơڶ֮ǰֵʳܵģ̫ܲӿʧ˲ٵˡ
ưͬôֻأ
˵Цһҡ̫ӶвʳδԥݣȻѲϵҲǣ·ԭ򡣾Ϊʳԥݡ
ķֻʼҵ˸˾һһݡ
һĴŶΪҹϡҹǻȻȥڴͷ顣
ĴǰΡϵۻûвɾǴһ
ƾµĻţ֪ôľ˵ĻСʱͱ˹е粻˽Ӽ
ԶԶĿһ˻ˣæȥôҸɻã
Ƶʹͷ˵ƽﲻҲѵõûг
Ƕ⸱˴롣޲ֻ֣۸ӵĿնʬһ㡣
ȥο䣬ȴˡз֮ʹ˵仰ܺõġһðɡ
ֻܵ˵ͷ
һ˺üˡҲܲסͷһͷ˯˹ȥ
֪ۻˣĬĬĽӸ˲ְ¡
䣬һŵ֬д˳
ٺĴǸ֬УҡҡӡС֬Ǵġ
˯Ժй˵Щֻŵ͸ġ
ת򿪺ţζ㡣ŰϵľӣһЩϡϲصĳȥˡ                    
лҪ˵߿ԶԶûô򵥡

 26 

ڶ죬ƴӴʱֻ۵ģǺ˭һƵġ
ٲ泯죬ѵõͿ֬ͭЦе߽ˣٲѾҪ緹ˡ
ĺܽһ¾ŵϵ
æסڱǴ˸磬ʵͷϴ滨
Ϊߺ˵Цˡ˴ĶǾܴ滨͸ҵ֬㡣
ۣ֬ҹ˯Ժﻹǵø֬ۡʶ䣬ȴԼѾˡ֬۾ʱİɡ
Ҹ£ƿ
һˮͶһĵʱ򣬵ͷ˯ˣ˯ĲͰˡ
ԼؿڣһսȻҪ˷ˡ
ٿɫ̫ãӵݸôˣ
ƽӹҡҡͷûʲô
ЦŽսһЩС㿴ɫÿ𣿡
˿˿Ʈıûסִ˸硣Ǹ⻨̫Щ
Լ·Щ֬㣬ô㡣
ƴ·ӴͻȻ޵ıеʵˣôˡ
ٽϵıáӰ˵ڼһҹոȥ鷿˵ҪҪү˵
Ьӣϵץһҧһڡ
ЦŰãӻӲ˲涼ûв
Ʋ̫Ӳ˲䣬ҧһڡɲûûϵ
ٺЦСڣദô죬ԼѾϰࡣȥЩʳɣȻѾ͵ʱ򣬲ӦûЩ㡣
ƻ˻֡ȥ϶йκȥĺá
Ҫȥ鷿үЩ顣˵ž˳ȥ
ۼѾĩˣҲȵʱһ·ѾǺ䤱
ӰվԺſڣɫĲƵĶںү˵أذɡ
ƵӡӰһֱЦĺ˵ĺܡüԵġ
ֻΪ˵˵ûӰȴһٹﻹԺأȥɡ
ƸǷ£ö˶˵ô˵ˣ
ӰһַֻڽϣһֻȱȻ˵ûûˡǲϷȥ
˺þòץסص㡣˵˰죬һ仰û뿪ٺǺ֬һͣơԥſڣԣӰΪǺ֬
ӰһߵһƧĽ䡣òʵСҡǲǶ˼
һ£ЦֲҪǺ֬͸٣ԭ˼
ӰֻЦŴߴٵ㵹˵ǸѾͷֱֳС㲻ôû۹ɡ
ĻЦĸǴ
ϷʵĿųӰ仰˵ĿΥˡֱֳ˻֬͸
Ӱͷ۾ȻбϷƳšСȻΪʲô˵֬͵ģǷġ˵ԽԽС
˸Ҿ̾һµԭί˯ȥҲ֪֬ʲôʱġ
Ӱüͷû뵽ôۡԣǿǺ֬һ֬Ǻֲ֪ʲôʱˡ
ƿһһ֪Ӿ֪û
̾˿ˣһȥ֮ٽġܽȥ𣿡˵Ӱðѽ
ӰϲĽʶľҪ֡۾⣬ʱһ
ӰǸı˱ȭ΢΢һơСүں˵͵ʱС
Ƶ˵ͷŵһĵططʱ򾭳ŵĵطþû͵Ȼе㻳
հںƾͷϴʲô
Ƹһ̧ͷͿǿεЦЦվҡڳ
кϷʣ
һ·Ļϲĸ鷿
Ϊӻ޵ˮû뵽ƽֻһƬ࣬һҹûкۡ
Ƴһվߡ
彫ֱߵĸ㳯ƣָһˮżΣ
ǸһĨɬ΢ЦֱߵĲ豭һڡסϵʧ⡣
Ҹȷ̫¡Щ꣬һǰд̽ϢǼ˵̧ۿ˿塣
嵹֪ôϢġ
ͷıӣЩӲ˵ҲйĽ˵֪ԽٲԽȫ
忴һۣȻĽ࣬ΪʲôҪӶͰޱɡ
ͻȻЦǰԼЦЦţˮ˳֪»ҪһСġ
ȻװͿȴ޵ıС
ǻϡӲ˲ᣬǻϵ̽ӣȻҪϰ¡ǻ϶Ҳˮ
ϣüͷŮ̫ӵ˼ҲͬˡǲζŻ϶Ҳ˷֮ġ
û̫ȣԤ֮Сο粻ΪģҲ𡣡
̧ͷΪ£ʲô
˿ڲˮΪ֮¡ǻйأͳ⡣
Ժ޵ĸң񾡹أ롣ǻˡ
սĲ豭һԲ
ϵۣʧǵߡ
ƿ޵ģǰסСĽ¡
￴ƣֱЦȻĻعͷүҲٸһ¡
üͷһһĵ꣬йء
ԼѪҺһδ£û뵽һֱ롣
ƿָ΢΢׾֪һշǳ
ү̽ſڣ
عһǰСС㻹ûԷɡ£Ӳ˯Ͳġ
̫ƶûзӦԺץһ˵Ļ𣿡
ֲߵĸң֮Ҳơ
ƺòȥĸǣȻЩµһȥһ
ס֣ɱģˡҲǸǶѡ
лҪ˵ˣûôŶ

 27 

鷿ԼڼѧӡҲԾİ˴ֽ˼ի
Щֱ̻塣
ưżǰһһĳۡ
ҵǺŪˣϵġôͲ͵ˣӰӵ۵ӻͦ˵ġƫƫסǰ
ǺжˣģȻҵˡʲôٲԹԵĲš
̾˿ΪѾһˡû뵽ٶһֱϸҲôݵʱ
㲻˵𣿡Ӱ˵ֻܹ
Ҳ֪һʼԼĻҪ˵վߵǰʲô֬ԼģҪ˵ʲô
ӰԭתȦȴҲ˵ʲôݻֻ޹ʹĵ˵Ժ׼
һ˺úõΪʲôź֬ڣֲҵģΪʲôҪġ
ӰŴҲһƨżϡͷôôġô˵˵㣡
ֱ̾Ƕԩҡʲôܺú˵Ҫֳӡ
٣Ųû㡣ȲҪˡվЦԲ
ٱ˱죬ԺڵʯϡȻС˵ģþͲˡ
Ӱͷ۵ķס˶ͷĬƬ̣վһԲĳߡСһ𳤴ģ÷ֻҵġ
ϴһԼý鷿æȥӰ㡭
ӰһεС˵ĻôҲһ𳤴ģôͲأ
¶ǵԣ׻˵úãƺԡֻҪ˳ӰҲͺðˡ
뵽⣬ļ򡣡ߣҴȾȥ
Ӱ˿ɫȥȾơⲻ̫ðɣүǻء
ƹıȰ߰ɡֻڳ֧Сӣͺá
ӰȻ֪йصҲͲסȰ͸ˡ
û뵽ȻӰոǿǾȴһ㡣οԴǽ˳˾һ˰Ѿƺ˸⡣
ǰͷ˵廰ĳӰ̾ıɹһ롣˳￳СˣԸȥٹɡ˵ҺȶˡĲҪ˵
λүұۣСȻҵ󣬵˷ԸͣԺܡ
ֻǰܣȴûע⵽µ·һСľײˡ
ܵļææȥʲôղԺͱһŻŵĴӳķܳСײ˻
С֪Լ˴Ҳ˲ԼϵۣͷĹڵϡүˡͳӰڳˡæȥͨٹ
ڳˣľͷɵԶԶġûĻû˵꣬ͻ˻ȥˡ
Цһľ֪Ⱦˡ
СҲһͷˮֻԺӵķܡ
ƻ֪·Ϸʲô¡
ãЩᡣվ䣬ʱʱĴӵһš
ӽӰٳܣ˵緹ˣ緹ûгԡôţŽ
ôģ
ƻûļɾߵңعͷͿЦſ
ֱߵԣ˿ȵĳӰҲˡӰǵξƲմģȻǳȣ˵ţ͸Լһơ
Сżø糤󣬾ǳȻû뵽ƣǲһ㡣
СƲЦŵһ𣿡
ƽĸȥϵľƱôҵġ
ָһǸٱŵСײϡ
۾ײϡС˲ȱ첲ҲȡǸС˻𣿡
ðɡµʲôӦܰٴ
ſϵĳӰٵ֣Ժ˵һѻ
Ƹȥȴһֶû塣
üͷקסĺ죬̫ˡ
Ʊס˲ӣܵĿ˵ʲô
ɿ֡һ𳤴ġӰһֱкøУ㲻Ҫɣ
ŮңȻϲ١ǳӰͲ֪ҿƶԳӰġһλĳӰûŷ纮
ɻǲǲ̫ǡ
üëŶӦʲôʣ
ľƱϷࡣȥѾЩ΢ͷ룬Ӧúᵶᰮ
ƵĻ䣬ס°͡Щ˼飬˵ʲô
Ƶ°ͱķʹ֡
嶢ԽԽ
žһƿ˳š
ȵĿǰˣͷүС
Զûһϵ塣ˣ
΢΢ףǰƼܵϡͿſһԵĳӰվ
˫ֳסٵļ򣬳Ĭ˺þòһĵ٣㡣
ٱĻһʶĳķ򿴹ȥ˳ȥ
ӰţֻΪԼΡͷ壬үڱ˼ʲô
ﻹŸղ˵Ļ˳ӰһۣƱľƺȾҲ⡣
ӰǺǵɵЦ⣬ǿɡ˭Ⱑ
忴һ۾˯ơ㵱ֵڼ˽ԺȾһûз㣬㵹ˡ
Ӱžһסļ򣬡ƽʱûʹңҲʹҡ߿١
Ŀһۣ粵ȴں˾ơ
һᱧ˯ԺơУһİΰɡ
ƺ˵ǰĺܡֲޣƽʱ֪˶١
ĳ۾ĽëֳܣʱһһĿɰˡ
磡ԺͿ⸱
屧˵鷿ߡĽСԶԶĿȥһ
ȭͷе磬ôܡ
һʾ㿴ӣѵĸСѾ߰ͻȥ
һĨ糺죬Ҳ˿ҪԷˡһˡһε£磬㲻ҪҲҪġ
Լãֻؿڷơϡû뵽˵ˡǶ
ˣҿ磬ô˵ġȥ
лҪ˵:÷
:ϱ

 28 

ԥݵľȻŨңƺȵĲࡣ˯һҲͺࡣֻǽƺƽЩһٲ֪ôһֱûг֣ԺɨСҲˡǰǾԲܵġ
˴ЬߵͭߣˮӲ˲
ӷϣƸһЩ෢͵̫ѨȻ˯һûд󰭣ľƻЩͷΡ
һʳ߽ͷǺ顣ȥһ·ܻġ԰ɣһỹû
Ƭ̣ӵݸǲģٻߴ
ôˣʵ
죬˵ȴְѻʻ˶һɻʣ£С㶼ǵˣ
ͷ룬죿ֻǵԼСȥ٣֮Ǻ˺öƣһ۵ʱˡ
ÿӼһŽҲǵˣʲô𣿡
ְӷϡԵĻҲϣʲôҲǵáҪ֪ȥıؾ֮·鷿Ϊ˶ӰһȦȡЩ
ôƣƵθе㲻򵥵ĳͷһˡٵӣӰʲô顣ʲģȥʳӰȽϺá
ƷĿӣһ¡·ҹûѹĶӣʵʧ̬
ȥ鷿һͷȥЪЪɡ
ԺӣƲ֪ΪʲôһЩѾС˾ʧӰ١
£С˾һһ߼װŴɨһ˽֪ҿүԺ
ֹһСɨһһء
һȺ˲һүһʲôϵҲýˡ
ǰλСֿڵǰ컹˿үһŴϡ
Сǲ˼۾ô˵үġ
Ӻ˽
û뵽쾹ȻԼȥġԼЩ̵һǵ̸ҾǻǲҪٱ۵ĺáϾϴүڿһ˵ͷ
ھǿСͷֵ˾֪СҲµæͷŴԶ
ҡҡͷҲǵģյıŸĴҡҲѹǻ˵л
ôţӿ˲ӡ»취ǷԷﴫȥ֪ٸ˵ͷҪꡣ
ԺӰˬվǰͦΣϺЦȥ鵹ǲ
СƣϲЦտĴкүİɡ
̬Ⱥǰ֮Цſʡ˷ϲ¾ˬʲô£
ӰȻٵ¸ֻŵȥɣүء
Ӱ⸱ӣò¶֪췢ʲô΢΢һЦϷʵĿųӰȻүңҾͽȥˡ˵ͳ鷿ߣߵһ뻹عͷ˿Ӱĺɫ
鷿š
һףƽҲûлһЩľƿˣ
ƳһЦ̰ЩүҪ֡
һΪСѾͷܺȣû뵽һĺһ㡣Ǵȥ¥¡һȥˣ»¡
Ǻȵĸߣұȥ
һԵȿڲɤӣĻһڲЩ˳
˵̹ȻЩСµĻǺ
һ˻⣬Ӱ˵үڵңҪɡ
üͷʲô£ʳһˣҲ꼾һжʲô£Ψһǵľ֪СѾͷ
ۺӣЦΧүΪү¡
үƺٳʱ˵Ļǻ϶ֽôײĲҪҲܲȥ
ϵһҩӵݸү֮ǰһֱҩķӣ㿴һ
ϸĿ˿飬轣Σ桭ȷǲѪҩûѧҽҲֻܿƤëЩҩȥǺõģֻûѧ֮Ҳ˵
ЦЦⷽûʲô⡣ҽҩһϸĿ˵꣬ɻüʵүǲǴҵʲôԲŶⷽɣ
ƾһ仰ȻǲġҡҡͷûʲôֻиӰˡ
ƿһۣ֪ΪĻġЩҩȻȲҩҪǺҩ෴ķһҲ轾Ͳ̲ͬʳá
ƵĻû˵ȴˡź⻰еֻүһҩʳԶֵġ
嵱ʱСҲǵʲôֻǵսÿˡҲƭ
վⲽ¹ǳսǼǲˡȴǵøڼҵȻȴҲ;ƿݡɻǵʲô
üͷš˵ʲôֵעǿûˡǼ꣬үҲûȥսҲǰȡ
ҡҡͷ⣬ʵûˡ
峤̾һ䲻ס˭Ҫ˲֪϶ñ͵͵ֲǡ
˻֣Ȼˣͷúһ롣°ɡ
Ϊµġб顣
ЦеĹ˹֣ǰĿһۡ
ƱĪֻܼװûվĸֱһЩүɻ󣬲ֱʾˡοô鷳
Ҳֱ̫ǻϵˣΪ˱Ҳ˵ˡ
ô򵥣ʣˡ帺ߵߡ
һĲ˲١ֻ컹ţĻš
Ҳ֪ûô򵥡ֻϣ²ҪٲȥԽǣԽࡣҲúүһĽ֡
ԥſڣүΣ
վڴ߾ʵҲûֻһô֡
룬ҾӦ֪
㶵ĿһĽ
ӣϴǵΨһˡ壬мš
áͦظǰһʿΪ֪ɽҲ㡣
˵˵ţѾûз֣۾˸Źâ
忴ĵţǡ⵹ҲãǸһߣǿԼһȥ                    
лҪ˵ϵͼرգ뾩ǵͼʼΪ֮ǰڵĿˡ
һ°ɣү˭ġ



Ҫʵ鱨ˣһ죬СɰǼ

 30 

׻˵һһ¹֮Ҳ֮ǰһ̡Ҳʼ׼ü¡
⼸գҲ㰲ȡʳ³䶨̫ӸҲˡֻһֱү򡣳ӰҲæŸط̽ӷϢŶŵءٵǸһ䡣
鷿Ȧϣ߷ߵĶڰ칫塣
һ죬ÿһͰйҲ顣ϳԳԺȺȡһһ죬ᱳۻҶ
үʲôûҾȻȥˡưϸĸȥСʡ
ıʣ΢΢һԴǿʼͿȥһֻ֣дעдڣҲЩᡣ
ôȥˡŲ𣿡ʵ
ƶ˶ӲҲǲá鷿Ĳˮ㶼ģԼԺĺóࡣֻǾźİ
ĸ̫ɣ˿ˮſڵүһкܶҪءת룬ӲڣһõٺͳӰҲ뿴ǳûɡ
һӰƺʱĻüͷʵƺӰ
΢΢ףӦǵȻ
ϾӰ븮һ˵ˡҲվġ
ƻĵٶҹϵȻҪǡ
ͷЦһüͷһչˡԭΪ
ǰ˽۵ֽã㲻˵дĺܺҪҪһ¡
һ磬ƵӶЩˡѵվϲصӦһãܵǰһֻǺʡ
ѧ飬ľǷ䡣ȼʼȵöƽֵľ֡
д˼ֺס˱ʡһĿ壬ôҵдĻɡ
һ˵ֺ׵ʦһ£һֱ
ӱס֣΢ϢĶ⡣ģģȴס˺
ֵȲʥдʱľ֣һֶûСߣƾն˼
ƵֻʣһƬհףȫͳȴһֶȥ
үӰһŷ˽ġ
鷿Ϳ˼ıһŵòס۾ߵĻҲȥǡ
Ƽһʱ޴롣̧ͷһƺߡ
æתͿɫʹԼ°͡һ˫ÿ۾ŭ
үû°ɣæҵĲ֪롣ֻܵһ˫۾޹Ŀ
˻֣۵û£ͷأ𣿡
Ϊղ̫šôһ˵žͷƤһһ
סԼͷһ
۵һЦ˳ƽʱͦģôڷӦô˵ɫƵĵ˳Ӱһۡʲô£˵
Դ֮ôʱͻȻôһɣӰҲŵóһ亹ŵ˵Ĳ˻ӡȥϴء
Ƭ̣΢΢һЦ
һֱã׼ҲûиƳǲ£ʱûиôںӶˡ
ЦЦڷ̫ء
˵ӣ̫ҲĳɻˣﱲȴûСãǻϵĳȻءңҪλƾӿҲЩ˻ȻҲǶһʤ㡣
΢΢ףҲ֮С̫֪ÿ϶ٰӣʱ⺢˵ء
ֻỹǲȥĺáոհ̫ŮϻȥǴʱǸ̫ӻ롣
ǵ⣬ƿڵỹǡ
ıù˼ϣĻ˵ϴһҪȥģΪʲôȥ
ǡ
еƸϴôܲμӣ˵ȥҲ᲻ǲҪȥôĵȥ˵ԸӰȥ߿һȥЩõ׼ս
;ңԶߵÿЩܸϡֻǿӱޣӽ³ԲЩƷҲصĺܡ
ӰüͷүǲǼЩ˵ҲԲ
һᣬǾУÿں·
ƲΪʲôִҪ˵֣أһλϵҲһǰ
үżѿڸһܲ˵
ҡҡͷȥɲΪ˸ףϴġҪĻǵ鵱үûɲС
˿¸ոдõǸ֣صԶ·ҳǰĸдģĸдġ
޷庬ЦԳӰͬ˵СҲǰ϶ᳳȥ
˵֪Ī֡һһԤϵСӳӰϢͣķԸ˿ʼʰҡ
ҼǵÿһԵҳɡڿⷿԸŹܼҵ
Ҳҹķ˴˸ϵˣҼǵøʱ͹һ觵ִȥҳɡ
ϸ롣ӡôִֻһֱɫ̫ûҲǷ˽ҡ
ִǿûдôˡºĵ
Ūϵֻɵ嶣ʮö嵮ô£綼ûҳһ˾ͰָļӵˡΪδҾΪ˸ϲֻϲȥ¡˵˱졣ҪΪ˰磬Ųô觡
΢΢һЦǺүһǿ׳ġүϲ˭϶ҲᷳүԻϵĽ䱸֮ģϵ˶ܿĳολ龫ֵСء
˵ǡµȥҳ
˵ͷںڵͫתתֵȥǼɫȹҳ
ǼɫȹñɴģҲˡ
ԽԽˣǼ·硣üͷ
ȴЦü䣬Ļ࣬ǽһᴩҸ˵ţֵͷЦЦ
ǹŮĶ࣬һֱߵģЩһ˭ҵĹ￴˶ԽܵԼᱻȥ
û취ֻȥȴ̾СûЩСڱȻҪˡ


 31 

һһҹŽӽ¡һһҹûԹڸҲûȹˮ˯ʱĪ֬ǡһȺһҹ̣Ҳǲס
ǰ̻Ի͵԰˳˼ϴվξôһլˣ
԰ŷȻ֪˭˿Ҳ֪Ǹ򵥵ˡǰֽ͵ǻ͵ģ˵ǿסվﲻ㡣
ȻЦţȴ̣Ϊסվ㡣峤ڰɡ
ܡĵĳӣҲᵣĹοֱиˡ
Ӱһµ̴ľоҪߡҪȥ顣ôô͵ˣȺأ
Ƹſڵʯʨӣ˰֣ںˡ
Ӱӣզүѿй㣬Ҫ֤ȫġôԼˡ
Ҳ뻤ĸϹзܡֵγĸγˡ
ҾãֻҺͿͬУŻ᲻ȫһ
Ŀķ˲١
ӰͷлнǸṦѾͷǲġֻôүҪ֪˾Ͳˡ
Ӱôţʹ԰˳
üͷǰȦƣɻôˣ
屾ţһ·ǸŮԲӣĸ·
ЦЦ֪⿤뾡˷ӽӽԼԼҲˡ
ǵүھʲôֵ£Բһ˸ɵ
ЦЦĵá·˲ٿࡣ
ƴװ˵·ÿ춼ģ촩ĵǸĻ
ЦʵүҪȥģ
һӣɵù˹ǡȥȻǽ밲
ֵĸ󣬡үӰͬɡ
йأСӰ϶ǽȥˡ
嵱Ȼ֪ڴʲôע⡣ⴧװͿǣԳӰҪڹš
ƲŲף²ָָԼʾүҵû彣
庬Ц˵ͷҲѧˣҾȥѡһѺý
ӰһЦĲѣֻҧźסЦȴЦĻ
Ʊ˱죬үװͿأ
΢΢һЦƽӽϳɡȥ档
һ˫۾Цˣϲصĸ
Ȼھдһ̵࣬ ֮ӡȴûлüաĻᣬȻŹ
ʹɫߺɫǽϼˡȥҴңȴûһ˿ĺܡ
Ӱ̴ľн˹⡣
ƵͷҴһ¡һ˫۾ȴﶫûСӡ
ΪԼĶû˿ȴһ˿
Ҫ͹ĿЦЦ
ͷ˿Ա·С̡СҲĿбӣֻԼµ⼸שǰߡ
һ̧ͷԶ巵ϡ
ڵſͣס˽Ųƣһһסȥ֮Ҫ˵ҲҪֱաղͷá
Щ֪ģôҲ  һʱ䡣
ڣڵ϶ļīɫĵשһĲ׵̶ˮ˫źӣأԵͷ
塣ʰ֪ϲһײյԼӡϣϲ
ȻվһҲҶĻҲʶȤİѺӴ򿪣ϹĿ
һյϸϸ˿͵ӵ档ôܹɽҲȲ㡣
˵ţļ򣬡ϴҲˡɡ
΢΢֣ͻһͬϡ
ƾһ壬Ǻͱ˶ĻǵһΡ
վߣִУֿΧסһƬ塣
㸸һֽģ㸸һģһźЦŵ
ҲЦЦˣսϵʱԶʱ䳤ҲԼѧġ
սʮأ꣬ʱڶѼһ档
Цһԣµû㸸׳˵Цţȴ档һ£һƬ
忴ĴƬ壬еӣҵղ壬ʰ·硣
ҲֱӣԱ߷̵һᣬϵĺڰպãַŻ
ǰЩӣ̫ӸһŮֱͻˣϿ˿
һԵĲ豭Сŵﱾòôˡ˵Ǽ̫ӵıڸΪҲĨ̫ӡ
˼Ƭ̣ڣҲҪͻ̫͸ˣ̴ܽ˼
͵ͷЦЦҲҪ˼̫ӵ档ЩŮ˵Щʲô̫Ͳˡ壬˵أ
ϴ۾ǰòŻ˵ūõĲ˳Ļ˾ǡΪЩūţֵ־Ͳˡ
Աһ㶣⻰Ǳ⡣ڽô岻ҪΪЩŮպ̫Ӳ͡
䣬̧ͷעԵƣ͸Ǹſͣ
΢΢ƫͷһۣſͲ͸ҵģԼҪġ
עãƿĿ⡣Ȼϲ°ɡ˵˺ˣ㻹ûгɻ顣
֪Ҫʲôæ壬ǹŮ࣬ȴûϲġ廹Լѡɡ
ȣЦúãԼѡ⺢ӡ
岻üͷŲ豭Ҳ˽ĸȥ磬ûĸٳ֡廹ǵȢٷȥɡ
ָЦŵӡ˵վ͸⣬аɣͰ˼ɫҪˣҪҪţ
ƵĶһţ߶ȵĽҶһ¡ȥԼټ١
ƳƳŵ˫֣΢΢һЦʱ䣬ҲҪˡǸҲ֪Ҳڿ϶Ҫˡ
ϳ̾һҲǣ⼸궼ûнͷ޺úÿ
΢΢ף˳巹סƻ΢΢˫֣ζĵôųӣ
Ƹ˸ؿڣ֪ղŻϵʱжš
ࡱһĶһŻöڳ˴θҲÿˡ
ǿЦ⣬ߡһ·Ͽ϶ûԺã϶źһСǻؼҡ

 32 

԰⣬վڽϡԹŵĵӳ˺ɫ
ԶԶƼ첽ӽ
ӾͿǼɫȹվ⡣
һг̣ôҲϵǣôô͵ˡ
üֿվڽµЦôˣǧ׷ˣɲˡ
ƵȻҸԼ˿͵ܳġǿ׸磬һҪˣԼܿˡ뵽ԼտҲĶӣֲĽһ
קקӣɥүൣЩǧҶģҪҽƽϡ
忴˿ԼקסӣǡװΪѵӣ˵ͷаɡ
˵ʹӳЦԼõôˣӣ
ֱԹ쳤˲ӶϾԺúúദû뵽Ǹľͷӣֻ֪·Ǽ·ûע⵽
أ˰죬ʵ
ƳӣЦţҼǵϲ·ôô죿
죬һԡҲҸԼһ·̫ˡ
ҡ̫磬µ˸ļ²ŽϣϹġЩĵ
Ȼ˵ǣӾҪǰߡȻǿȥɡ绹Ҫȥϲ
˼磬С
ȴûзſ֣תôˣ˵µҵ𣿡
ɲ˵ƲŲࡣ
Űֳ磬һлҪС˵
屧Ÿ첲ЦĵҪơ
òſڵҽˡ˵Ҫָء
ȵ۾ȥƾ٣Ҫ˵ƾͳ״ԪŸͷӭȢˡڵãֻ޸ӵܲݲһˡ
·ǲҪˡһ۾Ϳʲôĵ޹ϲͬ⣬㲻ٺú롣ھǻԥݺúѡһˡ
һĶϣȻȥֻô˵塣ⶼ㣬СμôҲϰ񡣡
εͷƲμǲЦ㻹Ǻúɡ˵֣ϡ
һһ߳ţһûкС˵ء
ͷӲקŰʱ˶ӰСһڻͤ÷
ƼǶ˽˸ŴһûˮѾǼꤡ
զզ࣬ϧûаٴȻԼҲúһԷ
֮ǰͺ˵ЩʲôϵǰĺܡֻǰĹͷԵЩ졣
ƵͷŬǷͷֱĿ⡣
۾һգգĶȴŲһ˼
尵һǿԼŮȻҲ¶ˡ
ȴת룬Ȼ߲ͨҾȥ塣
ƻʲô֪ĵͷԷʲôҪһѪŻ
峿ڴϺ˯ͱԺѵġ
˸ѱסͷ˯ȴصһűһ߿
Ժ۾ڴͷͱһס
ô⣿һͷˮʱҲŽ˷䡣
΢΢һ㶣˿Լףֿ˿վڲԶ壬ƿ˻ˡүҡ
ʹһһƨ˵ϡ㲻ʶ𣿡˵žҪȥ
üͷǰһץס죬ʲôվ˵ͳɡ
ǰǺүѧģѡ
ôԼǸӣӡͷ˿塣ϴҳȥ㡣˵ž˳ȥ
ɻĿŻվԭ壬㻹𣿡
תӣͷ㻹ȴһ·㡣
ĻæŵͷһϡˣҲˡʲô˼ġ
ϴһ£ƴҳǼ·
Цǰû뵽·㻹ءɼһ㡣˵ŵǲƵģҪ㻹ǻɡ
̧ۿ˿վ֮䰵ҡҡͷ͸Ҫȥĵ
·أ
Ǽ·ͷۣɫ̫ޣ̫עĿټϿ⼸һֱɫȹһ۾ܿô¡
үҾͦõġƳЦЦ
ɫһ䣬΢ɲüͷ̣Ѿͷôôϲѡ
룬ЦŵһҪȥϣǲԸ⻻һͬɡ
Ƴ̾˿ʹͷ˷䡣·ٲҲȺͿͬöˡ
䵹ãڹӵҵ·û뵽ٵˡ
ѸٵĻ·һҪͿһˡ
·ôôһм졣üͷ
ƺݺݵĵһۣҲ֪˭Լġ
磡ŲӻĳܹǼʱţ
忴һɫȹ˵ͷֲ죬ԭʹɫ
ϲĸе·㴩ϵǺܺ˵ֵͷߺЦЦ
·Щӣһֱ뷽跨ƴ·СǲڴҲ
Ȼ׼ˣǾͿ߰ɡ˵žҪȥƵ֡
š弰ʱػؿ˿··
ԭת˸ȦգգۣôǲǺ䡣
忴·ֻôۣû·𣿿ȥˡ
ҡҡͷҲûзӡֻһˣм·һ·ûظġ
üģһſʹôøʲôһƽ·ˡ˵Ժӣ·춼ˣȥһһ
վԭأӵĻѹ˻ȥһ綼˼·ˡٲŶҪˡ
׻һͷˮӣ̧Ƶ·ӡСֲòдš
Ƴ˳ǣǿ¶һ΢ЦҪӦ壬ҪӦﻹʱдš

 33 

ССĹԱһ֡ŮҲһźӻҳ
硣죬һ̫˵ӴΪʲôһ·
ͷ˿糺ɫȹֿ˿ϵɫһ㶼䡣
΢΢һЦԼϵɫĻǾͦġ
·ȸղǼÿˡվ˵ۣ˵޿俤Ҳˡ㴩պѹס档
Цһ޿䲻ԸΪֻһĸ硣޿䶼ˣʲôԸġ
硣Ĵţ·Ǻܰ䡣
ͷתƻ⣬㲻һֱù𣿲ȥ𣿡
Щһķ˹Ůǣһ۾ͿŸٵ޿䡣
޿䵱ȻҲװûӵͷŪŻӤ
ҧһŮȻôңһ
޿俤Ҳ˵ĸ󽫾ʵʵȨ˸ɢү£ƻǵһ
޿Ϊ˺ֶ׶׷ȥˡһĵĽ͡
΢΢ףҶ佫ǽؽ֮Ҳ֮С
ʱҲʮ꣬޿ʮ겻ֵ
Ƶһʮ껹ǻȮŮԼʮʱΪ廨ҽء
Щ޻̸֮ߵߣ޿ǵʱײأ̽ġ
Ļ˿ô˵ҲԶﴫˣ
ҡҡͷ⵹ǡȷס
ЩεĿԴҲǶǼٵġ
˵Żͱ˲˹
óӿ˺һŻڣϲ£ô֪һ¡û뵽Դϸ˻
æƸǰĸЩ
ϲϲùӡ庬Ц
һԵҲףصϲùӣϲ
Ǹע⵽ƵģͷʾܣӾˡ
ϴװ²֮ͱ˾ȥ֡ȻԶÿնŴ̫رҲ
ܺò״Ӿ粻ӭ𣿡̫Ӳ֪ʲôʱӸ˽
æ񡣲֪ô㷲ΪҲǰѰޱӶϳȥİװɡ
̫Ҳ΢ЦŻ񣬡֪ҴȥЩŮõĿ˳ģ
Ц̫֪ЩŮǲׯϣİˡ
˰ɡͷĵͳȥЩŮ˴롣ʲô˵ġ
̫ҧźάϵЦݡµЩǵġ
վľЩߵСιϢҪ˵͸ǸſͲĵӡ˵ǵĶŵġ
̫ĻƳƳվһԵơλ
Ҳ֪ģ⻰ϣֻ
̫òƿĿ⣬λСǱãֲء
ºϢƽࡣ˿վںһԲ׵ܺˣһ־Ͳˡ̫Ӿͻ͸Ů
̫ӱͷۣ޲÷뿪Ķ࣬Ҳֻ˵
Ӳĳ˳ǣ¶һ΢Цδ飬Ҳż
֪̫ʲô𣿶ֶζһ¡Цһĵ̫ûһŮˣ
˵£̫ĻһһϹʳǺεȵĹأô꣬û뵽Ǳ˿ӡӶ˶ӣȴŮûС
һ絹ϣһڷ綼û©Ƿ˭أ
㻹ܷ˭Ȼô룬ȴû˵ϾϵĹҪġ
ֻǵĺԺĸ˶ģøʧͲˡ˵ĺ˾ΪƵġ
̫ӹЦĹܣҪ˺ӣøʧ
̫˵仰ʱƵӿ಻õԤС٣̫ʲôģʤ
̫Ҳ̫֣һ̣Ҳաϴλء
¿ıͣǲܺЩǰѾԻġ
һĵط£΢΢̧ͷܿƵһһ
ȻЩǵ˷Ըġһ˳ʳ
һ߳ѾĹϹһ߿Żͤ˵˵ЦЦˡ
׺ȵЩ࣬ҡҡλεߵߣϻˣ
ȿľζܺȻôࡣϲǻ𣿡
˳ƹסļ򣬰ĵλͱˡ֮˺ö࣬Щ˶û
֪Լ·˻ȥٲһ߶
׿ƵļϣǻظɣҺȲˡ
һ§סվһ㡣
ˣҪǺ  ߵ̫˵ġΪֻ֮Ȱ͵ͷȥ  ĳˡ
׵ĸ첲ԺߡôҲǸˣȫѹ߼Ѿ
ѹķĸ첲˻԰ĲƺϡͷһԺṹֻֻûͷӬһײ
һ˿ڲƺϵףţȥ·
˵ܵ˵ĵطסһСѾߣλʿͷںδ
СѾָָɽһƬԺӣǾǿͷˡ
˸Ҿͼæܡ·ȴһС˹ĳԺȥ
üͷǶǰͥںԺֻвȥԺʲô
ȥͱһѹס˼򣬡ȥʲôˣ
İԶЩһû㣬úôôܹˡ
ίı˱죬ҷڲƺϾ˻ң
ܣȴͲˡյĴ׵֣ˣھȥͷ
ͷ԰ӲԶ߹˼ɽҲ͵ˡ
ưװٺúһԵϴһڴû뵽  ҪЩ
Ъһֺ̣˱ŻվС·ٵĴǰͥ
ȥˣŸƱվʵ
ЦЦ֪ոˣҰ͵˿ͷ׼ȥ˴ء
忴һۡǲ֪أ׺˾ʲô飬Լɸϲȥ
˵ЩʲôͿһŮ𼱻ǵĴӺԺ˳үˣȥɡ

 34 

ŵܿ˿ŵأ
üͷͻȻղǸ͵͵СˣԸ޹ء
Χ˽˺һСǰһսսĵүĻﱻؾ԰ˡ
仰ĸоԽԽá
ҲӣŻһѪվԱ̷æǰסæҵæһš
ùС˵ӣ˺һŲΡΡָǸŮ˵ʲô£
ŮڵŻˣֻһ
⸱һֻ룬˵˵˭ĵӲػ
ֻȥŲˤƬ
Ůŵͣ˿ŽŵСˡ
ƵĿһᵽɤһжڳ뿴չ
ǿվһ̫ҽµϣ񶼻ȥ
һȺ̴ΧȥιˮιˮĲ¾ȲСҲ˽
ƺ岢վ£֪ôģĲԽԽǿҡعͷ˿һƽ壬үȥ𣿡
Ļ׵£㻹û˵ء
ô£ֻԼЩεĵСǳϲưոݡ
忴۳üƣֻΪǵ̫Ӷֳ͢Źġ
㲻õġ˿ϯȵľЩ࣬ڵЩͷ̫ӲӶ֡Ŀ̫ҲǸ֮
Ҳ֪˵е̫ӻĸأô֮ۡ£ôҲֻǻɡ֤һûС
˵ŻҲԸ˰ƽԺ
Ƶͷ㲻Ǻȥɡ
תͷ˿ɢı͡ҳ⴫οǻʼҡ˶㶼ϸŴֵġ
ү⵽Ǳ˼լ£ǻǻȥɡ±Ͼ漰ʼңЩǵ
ʲôϷʵĿղŻ˵Ҫˣ
˵ס󣬡ҺôҲǻ׹ݣΪ±ڵġ
ԺŻõϿȴɫ̹Ȼվһԡ
ƿλվıֱݲߣֻһСŮǻΪѡġֻڿó衣
һͨһ˵ϡүȾǵĺӰɡ⺢һ͵ԺΪܺúչˡ֮ǰδҲ
Ѹ˵Ĳ˵ȫ˵ˣﻰⶼָġ
ţҲ˼˿糺죬Щ΢
ƴսָŷ硣үû°ɡ
ͻȻץס֣ϡΪȹƶõơֺ
ʶΧ˿վڽ䣬עĿŰֳˣھͻظ
ѾˣúÿŰɡüģԼͷһ㡣
ŲĻûжŭһԼϢһЩƽʣ̫ҽûС
һվŵС˹ػ·ˡ
ɫֵָͷСôСҪĿࡣү
Ļû˵ͱŴˡӻû£㼱ſʲô
Ļڨڨ˵һԣСĺź޵ĺӡ
ƱӵĿͷۣ̫Ѩʡ˵⺢ô޸ͣ
۾Ļ˫ۣ٣ֲ˵ʲôֻܿޣ
ԭ˼ɫҲ֪ӿԲ˵
ӵĿԽԽҲܲ˵֣⺢ô޸ͣҿ
ָźӵĶͷԭѹŵĿԽԽ󣬡﷢ˡ
ӹ˺ӣͷЩ֡ŭģֱӡôҲ˵ƽʱ߻裬ȴĺ«Ƶġ̫ҽأ
˵žС˴̫ҽϵˡ
̫ҽ˸ŴӲӹ˺ӣϸ鿴š£СԹʲô
̧ۿ˿ѵƽľĵʲô
ʼվһֱʻɵǰι̣ῪʼûԹոЩѾͻӦҲûļԡ
̫ҽ΢΢ףְ˰念⡣
̫ҽɤѾƵСֹ˵ϡ˫ץ½ǣ޵ĳˡιСʲô˵ɡӻôСڵġ
İȹڳҡʲô֪𣿡
ĿԽԽҲҲԽԽǸӡų죬û䣬ˡ˵һԵһ񡣶ȴǡתߡ
վһҭİҲĲ̡
̫ҽǼͷ󺹣ŵҩó˼룬ȴΪ֪֢޴֡£ǲץʱ䣬Сܡ
ŵվС˷ߵǰ˲ģһǡ
ֻƳһۣү˵ʲôҶ϶ϲһӵЦ²ġ
һڵϿޣ̫ҽСѾˡ
¡̫ҽҲһ¹˵ϣүСϢˡһɡ
۾ס°ֻͣҪ˵Ҳ㡣֪ЩܵĿ࣬һԷ֮㡣
֣ͦıֱظŸղŵĻ޹ء
վڽµĽšҪȥˮ˵Сιˮ
̫ҽĻæתͷȥ΢΢ͷʾʩ롣
ȴһЦվԵֱĹȥүҴû˵ǿߵʱ͵͵˾Ժ
ۣʹͷˮʡˮȷιģҲͨΪ֤û뵽벶ȸںҲ͵͵Ĳ˾֡
һƺ֮УƵļǿˡ
ƻعͷ˿ԭصĲԺӡ㵹ǲ⣿ͲС
ҡҡͷȻСŮǼ޵ʼôзִ硣ڲԼ̥ʮµĺӾ͸˺ˡ
⹬˶˾ʲôʲôءСҲһͺˡ
û뵽ģո˵仰ʹһĲҽСҵĺӣ
ٵתܻԺͿµıŻССһšһ½ϵİɨ˵ϣſϡ                    
лҪ˵ĿѿҪдġҷֳλСɰĵٶȿܻ½ϣ¡ǡ

 35 

ߵϼһȵĻůůӳ˵ıҵϦȴƽһ˿
ڱѾɢ֪ⳡϷĽҲһԵĳ˸š˭Ҳû뵽úõһϴ羹Ȼһ׮¡
硣ϣ˳һǱⶼѾʱˣСôų
͸˿֣ǵȵʱ̫ȼˡ
ųڣſڵ£Һȥ˿
˵Ҳ˺ģֻ˵С£ȴ֪ʲô¡
磬Сôˣʵ
üͷ̾˿Ϊֻլ裬û뵽ôӣؾҪˡ
СްţϿҪ顣
ĻҲʮ⣬úõĺôûˡǳʲô£Ҫˡ
ͻȻĺӣҲ˵ϧСںԺﳤСҲٲ뵽ԼҲǲԼµְɡ
ȵ۾ʳӣټ
Ƽɻ󣬿ڽ͵ԼСʳˮû뵽ʧˡ
ǲʳ˵̾˿ǿǸӣҪѪˡ
۾ȴôΡҵǾûô򵥡
̧ͷһۣµȷ֡Ҳ˵ʧ֣̬Ҳ̫Щ
µ˭Ļ˵΢΢ҡͷү˵ûпֵĲǲ
͵ͷ˵Ķ԰û֣Ҳһ
ҲﵱҹµġЩֶҲ֪֡赶ɱˣ˲Ųġ
Һ޿˵ʱֶء
˵޿俤ʱ̬ûôƽⲻʱ϶ˣ
ɵ޿俤Ļ
ƵĻ˵һ룬ͱҡͷϡܡ
̧ͷĿͬΪΣ
嶢˺һſڵж᲻ôǰǸλᡣ
ƵͷҲ˼ô˵ľ̫ӡ̫ôʱ֡
˼̫ӸģȻҲ̫˵̫ӵӲôۡ
峤̾˿⣬Ͽ˭ܡΪݲܣ˭пܡ
ȷСĸ˵֣ͬҲ֣̫Ϊ˻λıֵ֡˻˭أ
Ƴ˼ţͻȻǸԺСˡ
ұȥͷʱһСˣ֪ʲôϵ
üͷʱСﱧȥԺʱ˳ûҲ˵׼
ʲôСˣòɼǵãʵ
ϸţıڶࡣλߵСҲ࣬һʱҲ벻ʲôرġ
ʵ벻ҲǿȰοţ벻ˣС˻²顣
ҲͬףŴЩūͳӲעЩ͵Ҳпܡ
Ƶͷ˼⣬˵С˲úʲôϸ𣬵ܾзֲĹ
ţֵҲô࣬Ҷ岻֣Ҫʥá
ƵȻ֪Լû˵ķݡ뵽»̫ӻ̲סһ䣬̫Ϊϻϳ𣿡
עòŻᣬ̫Ϊܺϻ⡣ϲΪ˸ӷ
ˣЩ̫ӰѴ֮λȵʹ˸СЬҲûк֡Щ˵ģҲѡ
ƲԾ̾˿ܾԼʲôû
ˣأڴ⿴ȴʱڳʱ绹ţظ𣿡
һãһֱǵã־ˡϡ
һ豭ĲˮҲһЩбһۣôʲô  ѰȻȥҡ
Ȼ֪ǾױϾԼǵġ
ƿ˳ҪԸͣȴ尴ס֣ſڵţʲô˵ҳһ࣬ȥ𣿡
ϸ뻹ҡͷҲҪ һȥ˲źá
³һԸĳųӰȥҵĳȥҪˡ˵ŻƳһƣˡ
ƿųӰӰнԶ΢΢ġֻϣһ˯ð˲źá
תһ磬Ƹù緹żϿŲݴԼԾŵơ
ѾˣЩҲ˶ˡ־һزݶŪǣƳһɫӰǰȥ
԰ôȥҲֻгӰˡ
ƽĲݽӵһԣ°ϵֱ˶Ժ¸
¸Ҳ԰һ¥ɣһ԰⡣
˵̨ͤĸߣҹǿ㻮סⲻǷӰҹ߱ڵ˵ˡ
¸Ĺ˹ʵүӰˣ
忴˿վߵĳӰһЦ֪ʡ㲻ΪӰ˲ܵģ
ЦɦɦͷүǶĿС˼ȻӲүķۡ
Դƻ˾ǣⰢķеĹҲԽļҲ֪Ǻ˭ѧġ
üͷϲ⸱ɣ˵̵Ҳ˵ЩеĻܺ˵ʲôɡ˵žͰŵݸ
ֿЦַ䣬Ƿš
дļ򵥣ֻμ֡鷿
ʲô̧ͷɻգգ۾
ԭΪӰȥС£ӺǡϵȻǰָʲôططʲôҪĶ
ֻ΢΢һЦûʲô˵ַԸӰʧһģÿ׼׼
һʱԭأ˵ʱҲ޿ɺǣֻܾ²Ծү
ոտھͱѹȥϰˡ

 36 

ʱֵｻ֮ʣҲ׽仹Щ΢ʱͷȵ˲ͣĳ
ѵ£ĳ
ԲŰɫز˵ﲻһ˿
أڱõĴͷġ
ﰵпҲӺÿѣֻǲ֪ЩжΪСġ
СΪزǲܰɥµġǱϾǻϵĵһӱԸ䣬˲á˵ĵʿһ顣
һֻа˳Ĺײİ룬ʹͷһϡɫ²ͬһ˫۾ϡ
ĹԱ٣Щ׽ģвٵġҲ
ǰǰο䡣
ܸ»ڰ΢΢Ϲ
ĳΪ˲ٵľһƬҲѪ˿ֻбǰʱ̶촽˵仰ʱ̱ϡ
˵΢ӻ˸ǿž˵˼׻ͿʧǵĴӺԺܳ
ͨһĽűߣ޵Ъ˹үġҲẦԼĺӡңʹмģҡ
Ŀ̫ƲüͷڱҲ׷߿
ûֻ̫ббĿһۣĮķԸ˵ѲԺٳˡ
˱϶˲ıСˡ
үץס½ǣүʬδѵ׷ǿ⡣
žһֺݺݵĴһ⡣
ۿῴȥһֻסԼգһֻȴǲſ
ĿѵֱӿֲˡҲǸ˲ٵᴭųһԵ˷ԸͲغԺúϢ
Ըæǰ˲ȥץĿš
Ƶʹ۾ŬԼȥŵӡ
үãƲŸҳ¾϶ǲˣ
ȻһѾöʼնûô򵥡
¿˿ȷΧû˺ų֣Сǣֻǲġ
ͷ˼ǣƵֻǸɼҵС㡣˵ھҲһץһѣ˵ǣѵһ̫Ϊ
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ʼǣҲûӵ£ֻǲ֪ô𷣡̲סʵү
ҡҡͷıõһһѾǻʶƵˡ
Ƶ¾˼ֻܸ̾˿ոʧ˺ӾҪΪԼġ
֪ĺܣĵ̾ȰοҲΪϧ뵽ú裬Ҫȫ׼ֹ˵˵ʹҲǳܿˡ
ȻãǼլڶǻʼӲֻǾ»˾ЩĺͶҲǻֻû뵽ᵽߣô
ԺЩŷĵʿĻţعͷϵƵȵȣЩҴ
ͷղſû˵Ҫʲôʲô
Ժĵʿ趯е죬ͷۡ෢͵̫Ѩȵĺ
ȻһŲµСӭ泯ײļ
С˲ûдŰ£Ǹˡ
ϸ˿ﱧǼӻɫĶצơ̫ߵˡ
ס˾䡰ǸԹԵǰߡ
ƵļʹعͷСˡû뵽ôⱳӰ
˫ۣⱳӰܾЩʶ￴
ǸӰһ˫ǽڷھǰ˻Ρʲô
͵ػع̧ͷͿ
üͷ˳ƵĿǰȥڿʲôô񡣡
ƻҡҡͷҲû㹻İȷϴСˡֻܷŵҲûʲôǱСײһ¡
΢΢ףһ֯ϸõİȥĶˡ
үװʲôƺĴİôصĲϰţһҪ
ûд򿪹ҲµһЩСչʱ󲻹ûϴĵĶ˵ֶ߰ɣ빬ʱͲˡ
ƵڶνһβͬȫǴڹġ
ڳϣɫǰЩżеʿӰΪʲôүһ빬أ
Ӱ߷ô꣬ʲôȻķԸܸƣֻ
ɵǣܴܲԵ˽ȥɡ
е濴ϵĹ㣬Ǹոŵİ
գǱȴǾĶǡ
ټ巹ûһˡֽǼ̴ľϡŵ߽ҡ
İ赹Ǽ򵥣һϢľֻһܾ޴Ĳżռ˶ǽ档
첽ߵżǰܺдȻһľƵĽСľϲңǾ˷á
߱˵ģװʱͻϵšֵǣôҪĶȻû
СĴ򿪺ӣܲ㣬˵Ҳмʮ⡣
ϸ˿ּȷ׵ġֻֽѾƣ˺ܾá
һһʱǿġҲֲֻһԵĿš
ϵϡƽ˼ҳ̾Ǳƺûʲôر顣
ѿſŷַŷ⡣ŷⶼ˽۵ģࡣֻһƺմЩϡĺɫѪҺ
һóϸˣı鸡صʱдġ
Ȼ˵һЩҳ̵ȴи¡
嶢ϵһУþòƽ
ҪֻƴС
սеţˮҪʱ̵ĽŲ
æżŻԭ߳Ҿű֨ѽһƿ֮ƼһĨɫԽԽ

 37 

ԽԽ죬ŬŻ˺ƲԶһ÷ͼǰ
⸱ͼֻһͼޱɫȴ˸ܵһӰ
ƽ·˫֡վڻǰ
ҲϬˣǰŽ˹žˡϵ䴫
žһÿɫƼרעĴǷ÷ͼ
ϺǺһЦȤ˵㵽ȥˣԭڴ÷ͼ⡣
島΢΢һЦֻǼʴر𣬶࿴۰ˡ
ϱֿ⸱ǿһλˣ⻭ǳ¹һλŮֻ֮Ѷ
ʹͷճȭͷŻڷ˫֡
վں˫֣װһģǰסĸ첲磬ôҲˡ
ס崹µ˫֣Ҳס˱˵ߡ
忴վԵãĿŬƽĵķŭ΢ЦŶմҴЩ
 ϵɫİǺӸҪһˡǸӣҪúõ
ӹҲ̾˿ҲҪ̫ˣҲҪעԼӡ
ϸпŵ˵ͷˣܹסǁӹزֻͷӡ¼ҹ˰ˡ
ЦſοĻ廹̫Ӹ磬硣˵ֶһС
ͷѾͷĨƵġ˵̧ͷ˿һ壬òθɴסЩӡҲͷӡ
΢΢һ㶣üͷٹվԪˣ˵ԪҪ档˼²ҪסǾþˡ
Ƿס϶Ǻõġ˵һתֻǣĸļ롭
ҲĻֻԹԵʣ԰סĿɻã
崹Ӧá
ȻסĲסŰɡŲߵ̴ǰŰھǣ޷ġ
һĲ졣Ӧá
΢΢ףֲǸֻۺһż
һۣϲûд֡¹ܣϿá
˹ֵȻϻҪ£ȸˡ
Ҫʾȴһ¡ˣߵǸأûţ
΢΢һ㶣עߵˡôͻȻͷڹ⣬Ҫ𣿡
ϰ˰֣ˣ°ɡ
ǳ˻ʹ춼˴롣
˴죬ˡֻվڹſڿŵĽ
ĻϲܵǰĻһ
ƲͷͿһǰһšү
Ȼϲ⸱ӣЦŵһˣǿȥɡ
Ƴվں壬ɫáνЩ顣
үСڣôˣ
һľ࣬ȷɱĻ֮ǻǾ䲻ʡ񾭱ʵڲ²͸λҪʲô
תһһʣкͻᵽ𣿡
߬ӡ첻ƣ˵˺öƵ¡ϾҪûּͻ飬ӡôС
ûаɴ۾·Ӿ֤ԼĿŶȡ
ȻţҲû˵ʲôǵС˼֪󲻹ǲŻϸһְΪպ㡣
ЦһŴںڵǷš뻤һƽû뵽ͷһա䱻ھܣܵӳȥ
ҹ¸ݶϣһһȾҾơ
үƴһۣվԺͷôˣ
ȻƽʱͲ˵ѡҲǵģ⿴һԺӾƼɸߵݶŸˡ
Ҹֻ¾塣
бݶϣ졣һԾݶϷȴΪ̫ľƣһʱ˵ϡ
Цһæǰүιд˴񡣡
忴Ц䡣ķ˴硣˰֣˵ϡƵȻЩܽܡ
Ҳѵһߣ˵ϡĻǺͳΪʵľǲͬġ
ǵǳΡ룬Ҫ֪
΢΢һЦүôģƫһӣη
վ·˵֪ΪΪ֮ҾҿԺ·ȡ
Цų̾˿ĿԼΪֻء
գƾͱ̫Ӹ
Сȥ£ֿ쵽Ԫڡ֮Ȼ̫ӵļϡ
̫̫ʦϣ˿ͷϵĺǸմ񲿻ġ
һڲɤӵ̫ӸΪΣ
ҲûʲôֱߵĲ賢һڣ½İ׺ڼ㡣˵ţӻóһţǰ£ҲǻԵɺµġ̫ӿ
̫ӽӹţֻ̧ۿŷϵּʹ֪Ϊ¶֪һĻԹ²ġ
ζһЦͲµ̫ûô˴ǰҲΪ˱ϵġ
̫ӼһЦЦӣһʱҲ׼뷨ֻӲͷƤͣŻǲţµȷġеǷֱҲڲ顣
һԲվһԣһΰ衣ʹͷЬϵĻҰţݵİѾˣ֤Ҳȷ䡣̫Ҳʵ벻˭¡
嵹ȻԵõĵ˵ͷŲţֻҪžͳɡ
̫Ӽᵽ˻ϣҲǿһ¡Ѳ⣬˭֪ôġ
üͷôܰⶫң
΢΢һЦŴûҪȥ
ǷϰˡǻӲҪھǣҲ˺
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̫ӿڿ˵ŲţС˭ĶҲٲȥˡƲӸеǵҾЩ˵¾Ҫڶ
վ΢΢˸񣬡ò ҲҪ˼ݣͷԸȥš
Ƽת˲æϣߵһȴֱ̫ӽסˡ
壬ҿСõĻ˳֡ϲҸҲвòѡ͹ȥ
̫Ů²Ÿչȥûã˵ͻ٣ Ҳ¼ôһأһڡңĻſͣһĿɲѾôô򷢡
Ʋͷ˿ƣһҡͷͬ븮ǸԼҲûôɵ
忴ͷҡ˹ģ˳ǣסЦˣϵشƫƧ񾩳ǡҲòôл̫ˡ
̫ҲǿҪ֪ﻹһ֬Ҳڲ
ƸôͰǷˡүš
Ļû˵ͱ£̫Ӹء⵹Ͷϡ

 38 

ΪŮԼûһ첻ΪԼĻ㡣Щ׵Ĺجһͷ֮ȥ
ǣӵﲻƾжԺõġ
һ죬ơǻӿˣһ۾Ϳơͷĺÿӿɲˡô붼ź¡岻֪ǲͬ⡣
һֱ粻ǸֻʶŹԽôǲɿڡ
йǽݡܿҵķӡ
СǶ˳ţ·ϵ˶˼ֳ˼֪ڵ»ȷѪꡣ
ȴֹסֻҪ˻ʹʵʩļƻּͻˡ
ʹʮһաһĻŽ壬һķ죬ʵ벻ΪʲôôܿͻˣҲΪġиҪ°졣
壡һۿںǸ˫ް߰׵˻
ôϣϴνĸʱδôࡣ
ϼǳһ˿ο
ϥ²ŮԶֶŮǳ谮Ȱͷһƽ
ɵڻϵߣƿɫ壬СѹԲҽġ
ȥĺ޾ǳȴûбֳ֣̾˿ǸúӡЩûɴˡ
ͷЦЦǳɴˣԲżŽ
塣ͻһ˵Լ¡ʵƽ
ϺǺһЦĶͷڣҾ֪²˵ɣ۸ˣ
ų˳ǣԥ˵˿ڡͻ顣
ǲԼƵģһ飬ʲô
գһСŮظһ飬ͻ顣Ǹߵ
£ϸΪԼĶ⡣֪ģֻˡ
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ֻΪڴȤͷӣſڡĺãֶʫ顣ȻǸӵܣȴǿ١ϴݵҲŸҵġ
˵˵ţƵİƵǵö˵˳
źЩʰ쵵Ľۻ׵ĺ룬һԲ
Ż֪
ǲͬӾͷۣصĵ˵ͷţ֪
ϰѾͷǺʣͬˣ
ûСΪѵĿڣ΢ʣһֱͬ⡣Ҳ塣˵ҡҡϵֱۡ
ϱû취üİ˼
ɿֿʼաƵЩô˵һ顣
ϳ̾һֻûкɵѾͷ˵ҲûеɿڣֻŵּһȻҲ޾ôˡ
ȻϲԽǱȴҪͷˡ
ʥּʱڷŻϳǵķӡ
Цģָ˿ͣء
϶֣һµӴϹϽڵл
˵Ⱥιȴûһ˽𴲣۾ܾͣ֡Щ
Ƹ̵ֻЦʣʣΪټ
бƳһۣ첲˹֣һȻӡҵֻūţôܴʥ⡣Ҳ£˴Ȼ֪ˡ
ڣǱӲӵϡڻ谵ֻԵյ
ƹڱʯשϣ⻬Ĵʯѵϥۡɤӣߵϡ
΢΢üͷᣬǽң
ﲻͣĴģǰѾ۾ǲѻѼȥǱҲԲˡ
˵ȴ״ϵ֪۾ʲô𣿡
һ仰Ҳ˵۾ҪԴ֪ġ
Ͽŵ¹ŵƻ˻֣ҼǵӢиŮѡ겡ˣ֮һֱûù
ƵӲĶȷӢҲ깬ѡܳġϣ˾۾ϵȫҡ
ϺǺһЦʷ¡˵һŮңΪʲôҪֳ֮¡
͵̧ͷȵ۾ûü˵Ͽڵˣϰؽꡣ
ưüͷһԲ˴γɲС￴˻ֻӻģҪȥ
ôѾ۾ˣſּϼһֱʵѹֱ
һŭʬҷҲؽꡣ
ϣŮ
Ļû˵꣬žͱ˴򿪡һ͸ŷֱֱƵϡ
ϡ˼ҴҵĹԱߡ
ƺȦ̧ͷͿһס
ϣ֪Ůһһ䣬ƶЩֲ
ү֪ƾȵ
ָƵ㻹ΪԼܲ͸硣ȴֻ֪ǸɵӺƽڹ
ֻȥȴȿ˿ڣϣߡ
ϳ˿ڴЦЦĿ壬֪ƽǰ޴ͻ飬ͻ˾
尵ҧϴλĪ;òԾȻѾͷи¡
С»ֳ˵㡣
һСǶ˵ģôĻ㻹Ҫţ
ıͦıֱϣȻе
ϵ̨ʲôĪҲ޴͸ʥּɡ
Ϻõĺ˿ƵĽűңŵûһֵͷȥҲ΢΢
ȻҴ壬⼸ԺˡŮΪճȻҪΪ㡣һ˵һ̧ŻϵɫŮֻмҲüʢԸһһ
Ů롣ϵɫͷЦҵ˲£һŮҳı·
һþʹǰʣļҲǶϡ
Ĭ˰βԥſڣԸԸŮġ
ϺЦĿû˸ҺԼĹһʱ£Ҫ޴ʲôģ
Ƶ۾⣬ϲŮʢ壬Ů֤Ͽ
źӹһЦУͶ޵ҪһСŮôҴʢ


 39 

ƴӴʱȶӶڴܹ֮ÿգҲûַʽ
ŵòᣬһЦ˳Ϊж൨أҺͻϴġû뵽ŵȶˡ
㵨ӿ󣬸Һͻϴġŵ
ƵȻϷʡ·ǹġڵĵשӲȥⲻҪҩ
˵Լͷϥǣ̾һãϿ嶡Ȼҿܽͽˡ
΢΢һЦִһԵС̷סĸ첲οŵҷİɣϲҪ
̧ͷĿΪΣ
ͷ˿ܣһһǰŲŵֻ֪ϳ谮Ԭȴ֪ΪΡ뵱ԬҲǸüŮӡ
ȼѵǰšҲǣԬԽȮŮֻǡͻȻǸɵӣϧԬӺȡ
˾ô໥ߵ˹ſڣһ̧۾ƼӰǣվ
ΧȲ㡣ұ
ƵһŹſڵ֪룬˿϶ᴫʲôԷ
žҪû뵽ȴ屧ĸſ˶࣬ԽʱԽࡣ
ϸ룬ֻֻܷǣǰûԼã㴰ֽͱˣЩҲס
ҩƱȫĬĬƵȣԼϥϡ
ƿĶɵþһүʲô
һԵҩҡҡҲ˵˴ĵשӲĺܣҪǲʱҩܻܿ²
ƺۼֿĶҩơϣҿԼҩ˵תȥžȥ¶һѩ׵Сȡ
Ȼ˵ģһƬһһۡ
岻ƳĨףһҲĵıͷ˳ӣӦ·ֻǹڶĿڶ࣬Բǿų˹š
յĴ⣬ſһŵǱȹﻹҪעĿ
ʹͷүȻѾ֪Ů͸ñӲǡ
󣬵ȴĶ
ĬƬ̲ſڵֻ˵ĲᡭĻ˵һ룬ͿһƱ̾˿ϴǷ׵ˡ
ƴδͷЩȵĵ˵ͷĽҩƵϣ˲ͿĨ˻ϥǴ˿
忴ֱŵӣ̲סҪҩȴʵ߶࣬Ҳ١ү˾ٻۡ
üͷϵϣֻôĿһԼƽӽ͵عŵȻ൫ᱳ˿ࡣźˣٲиߡ
Ʊ죬̡Ȼ˾ΪáѾ֪ԼŮҪӵĺá
үʲôʱ֪ҵģһʱ棬ԥʳڡ
庬ЦŵҼĵһ֪Ůӡ
ƾ̧ͷһ棿
ף͵ȻǰŮṹ֮ͬһܿһѧҽ
Ϳҩȷ¡лɻ󲻽⡣Ȼ֪ŮΪʲôҪȥϡ
ͷ˰̣Ҳ֪ô͡
Ϊ еҡ֪ſͻȻ˺档ܲܺ˵ԼһʱҪȥġ
Ƽ˵ֻΪʲô飬ɴҲտڲԡ
һʱΪոͿҩơƮһŨҵҩζ̲סס˱ӡ
΢ÿ˳ζɢȥһ̧ͷȴƼһװĻĲʻ
ɫƮԼԼԿһλŮӡ
ô£ƻعͷʵ
Ҳ˳Ŀ⿴˿Ůñɴ棬һ˫۾ԡˡ
ųĳӰԸȥʣô¡
ӰݸһԵĳһλ·ѯ
㶼֪·İ渵ǰ̸ĵһŸ˽ˡǿ̸ƹԥġ
һһ̵̸ĻжšǿǸֻнˣôʲôûе˽ء
Ȼôȥ׷Ľų̻ܸϵġӰʵ
·ģȻ׷ˡǿ̸Ҳǳصģôܲ׷˵̾˿ֻǣ׷˻ûأͷˮˡ
ˣӰͻȻθߣЩš
·Ҳϧҡҡͷǰ˵ҪӵϷȥģ˶˺
üͷɵȻ˺
Ǵأô˵Ӱ׷ʡ
·̾˿ùĻ⴬ңſ׬Ǯû뵽ٸץˡǴ˵ڴִˮġ
ִˮͷ˶˽˻Ϊʲôִأ
˵Ҳ֡·˵ʬͱ˴˳ʬȴαġ
ƺĻɵüЩˡʬ岢ûбˮԶʬȴΡ
˵֤ʵģһʱ棬͵سӡ̽˰ͷʵ
·˱ŵòᣬһһ߸һߵʬ嶼ݵĲôϡȻƾ·ϵġ
Ƶ˵ͷ˼·ܻĿڣСӣôô˵ģ
ƱǸĹ˹֣Ҳ̫ˣʵڶԲס˵ţƾ˽
²򵥡Цſ
ͬĸͣ͸ŹŹ֡˫۾Ϥļ
žĳһֱߵ˿̸ͣ
ϵŮʮŵ֣ԵѾ߷˲졣
ſڹӭ ӭŵλɡĹɫ㡣ǿ̸豣֤Ժĺġ˵ƳһԵСѾߣࡣߵ˾ǲһһСѾҲˡ
һ˫۾ȴˡµŮƵģۡ
֪ǲˣæֵֻǼɫȲùɡ
ķ䱻Ĺ󡣿һķ䣬־ġ
Զˡ˱ˮЪšЦӣ
Цڣȵ˳ȥŽҿϵıɴ֬һڳһᾪȣӺ֬ʮʮ

 40 

Ƶ԰ʱ, 콫ˡôһţڱ󻹷ҲԲ·ɴط˯
С֪Ϣ, ϲϲĴӸӭս, к˵ʲô
˵Щʲôվû˵ڡ
ɫĶͷϾһﶼĴ
㻹˼ʣȥʥּˣ
ʮʮʹһ, ŷĶͷֵ, 㲻ͬ⣬ҵȻҪȥˡ
ڳ, ƳվڽŷЩ첽߽˴ǲɢ˲ǲ֪ߡȻȥִͻʥּ
СûбԼ, ¸һͷˮ, ֪ŲӵǸ˵ģȥʥּ, 㲻Լȥ󲻺𣿡
վǷˡϾԼ۴á
֪ɫ
عͷһ, ֻɫҲ֪˲˳СסƵӣϸϸ, ǲǻΪˣѵǻ岻ͬ£
ôɥҲֻбˡ
ͷ, Ҳ֪㲻ΪѡϾ۾ȣܻŻͲˡ
ֹ߷ߵ˦˦ӣҪͻؽȥ
Щ֪۾ôҪǲͻˣǴôǲͻ磿
дȹϵϣⲽŵΪʲôΪţ
˿侲ǰɣǿֻǲ¡ǿẦ
֪ǸˣҲ֪ΪζôִţҪŻ
죬ȦҲʼ졣Ҫ޳ˡҲĽԸ˵ţժͷϵĻڡ
ĻﶼҪ䲻
ƿۻڳ壬Ҳǻ𼱻ǡȥֻԽԽ
үûõġŮ˼ԽǴѹԽᷴߵ磬ҵ
ƳһۣĻ˻֡
ƳһߵཫְԼǰЩεĿڣŮӡ
ȻҲܸоµĲͬ˰žȵס졣㡭Ůӡ
գ۾ЦЩǸ
ſ壬磬㡭˵ţ̧ͷһ˫ЦЦ۾֪
ͷ밲οһ䣬û뵽ȴȡЦҲֻɵѾͷҲ֪ˡ
ŵƵΧתȦֲûôްɡ
ҡҡͷްֻԺ»˵׼
Ļһ֪Լ˶Ĵˡ
ĵͷԼָĬƬ̲ŹĳҴˣ㷵硣ȻҰҵ֬͸㣿
֬۾Щͷۣæ֡ͲˣڻҪװʾˡòϡ
ǣЦƵߣСʵûֵܰµģһÿģ
üͷļø硣ÿǺÿһĲŵĺܡҲۡ
˼ãѿæתƻ⡣㻹ûɡϲˡ
ոڻŵû겻ᣬҲ᲻Էҡҡͷһľֻȥú˯һ
ıӰԶˣƵߣļ򡣡磬ңǲ˼ˣ
ͻȻǰҲʧ˷磬æҵԼ˫ա˵ʲôʲô˼
ֱĶΣԽճŶһֲã˵Ҫƾ٣ǧĲͬ⡣ԭһʼڴ⡣
˵֣ȥּͻһûأ
ŲŻԼԹԵ˵ŻӶޱϳȥ
˵һһզ࣬磬ǺơʥּӦøӦø󡣡
ԼıҴҲҲסİƳã߳ŭԼ˲ϣҪѹ۵ҵͷϡȥ
˱죬ֻԼбȥ߷ߵ˸ܻ˷䡣
Դ֪ƵŮǵûбܶÿҵĸˡ
㡣ʯŹӣãǲȥߡ
㣬ֲɵһúõֻˡ
꣡ܣ԰ĿࡣҪôС
ۿյԺӣίſڣԼ֪ŮѲɻҪĽС
ЩҲ׷ʹƵܾˡƾСѾͷ£Ҫ֪ˣҲ֪ˡ
෢ǵ̫Ѩù԰ĳԴöʲô
ߵĹƤĨܼҡ԰ǸǣǵʲôĶڻū͵Ҳǵġʲô
⸮ҪҹܣȱٵĹֱˡ˵˸۾һתϵĸ˼⾩¿Ƶһûг硭
˵ҲþûгԹƵĵˡôͻȻе롣
ԥŲ˵Ͳµ룬һץס־ߡ߰ɣѩ⣬Ҷнһһݡ
ϣһ಼ҡڵš
Űõĵģͷ۵ĸ󡣡˵˵ľͻȥ𣿡
һָֻס죬˵ˣҹӡ
Щε̧ͷ죬СѾͷ֪˻ӣҪⷬܳ
ӣ˵ǾͻȥɡүҪˡȰŵ
۵ĶǽֵľĽȥϷţڽй䡣
ָָǰשҶС¥ģ
˳ָϿƼϽӲӵĿ̸֡
һһ⡭Ǽ˷ǿȥɡ
ǵĿ̸Ȼ֪ʲôطסƵЦŵ֪ʲôطԲġ
ƾĵɴ۾û˵¥˷ﴳġ
һתЦĽ̧žߡ˵ԥˣˡҵȻҪˡ
æү֪Բ˶ߡ
ҡҡָİɣԲ˶ߵֻһ˵ָָԼıǼ⡣

 41 

̸ﵹǰĺ, һ̴̾ľֻмΡ
ûƽЩֵ˽˰¡
̧ͷһߴܸûʵװһɻĿڣôûˣ
¥ϲſӭ, Сڸ֪ۡҲпԭ
ЩΪĽ͵, ̸ǰ徲֡
ûϿŵĵ껧ͷϿţΪΣ
ΪϿţﰵţ⵱ȻʦүµĹءӲҪ͵Ļ, žƤʺϰаɡ
첻˵ҲԼӵĴóһŽ׽šԹԵĶӡװ絹ǼáשǴʯ, ľġͨٻ¼Ҳôװ硣
ҿ̸ǾһĹԺĶǴԹҹҹ, ʱһǧҲΪװĸһЩҲ֮С
ڴµĹţһĵ¥ϴ
ļҵСӣǵһǿ̸ɡ֪ǹ첻ӿء
˵ĸԼʮ, һ֯ȹ, ֵֻһ͸ɴԼԼ¶Ƭ⡣ǿ̸衣
һȰ뿪ֵط, ȥٲǳɵ
װûЦŴӻóһӷҺλṫӵȷͷһ, ˸λҵɡ
һ˵ǣŮɫ竹ӣʱȤЦſͬҾ
㶼Ǻ˭ѧģƺʡ
ʹ˸ɫ, ȻǺСѧġ
ƿڵӵǺԼмҲǹҲסæתƻ⣬ȻǰϢ, ǾʹΪֹɡ
ǶϸϸšȻ˸̼࣬һ־ǽӵҲࡣ
С˵ʲôӣǾҪùӾ˲ǡ˵ţͷԸһϺõһѾСȥˡ
˲һĹһȺ̵ݺݺͽЦ¥Ůϵ֬㡣
̲ס˸磬վĿЩ
ȴ²ʵĸԥ
ҿȴûһǰϵġԺЦǰԲֽӴ˿ˡ»Ъء
⻰ϲɵú˰֣˿ǰֻϣû
̬Ĵóһ׹Ϊһݣи㡣
ԻɫɫӶࡣټĺܡȻҲࡣ
ӹǸ׹۾æӦźãЪţȥȥ
ƿ轥нԶӰҡҡͷԥʿݱϳ鷳ˡ
̸ĶҲĹ󡣴ʱľͬһλ»˵Ż
ôãһϢû͸һΪ㱻ءϵɣһ˫۲ŭæ¹
͵̫Ļֻū³©̫Ӱ²
̫бƳһۣЩĳָЩСӣû뵽㵹ǱˡµĶ
˻Ҳֻܵʹͷ˳Ӧͣūã̫ӵĴ¡̫𷣡˵΢΢̧ͷһ˫ˮ۾һգգĶ
һ˫۾֮ģ͵̫Ҳֻܻӻֵˣֻ㶥ԥݵһ˵ݽ˿ɰٺˣ
صĵͷЩֺáūһӽӸϼҡ
̫΢΢һ㶣ֹ˴ǡ⵹ҡˣ¾ҪµȥġҲҸ˸Ƥҡ
̫ӵĶ飬ūԶ΢΢˶ӣŲ̫ࡣСȡ
һμʱҲʮ־ȣòҪ֪ԼĸֻԼһŸӡҪΪԼ׽ˡ
ź̫꣬Ȼ֪ϲáϵȲС̫ӵϲ
ĦϽɳĲ豭ڴСһڣֵԥݵ£ʲôҪ˵ġ
֮ǰȥҪԼϯ֮⣬ҪľϵϵЩ̽൱ԥݰ֮̽סǹ֮£Ҳֻº˵
漰У˵Ӧ֪һڼȴһû
⡭ūҲ֪˼Ƭ̣ЩѿĻڣѵ̫𣿡
̫κҲͽ͵ͨΪʲôûϢˡ
̫һˡһѲ豭ϣҲļꡣµµԼƵͬ
֪˲ࡣΪ˶̫ġĵˡ
ģ΢΢ͷԥŵ
˼׽Ҳ˵̫תﰵ롣ܿҡҡͷ¿ûô򵥡
ԥǱвٵߣȺȴ¶֪Ψһһ˻šȻ۶࣬ǴӲ֡ݷô꣬ɲԼµ¡
Ǹ֪٣˼˰ʵ
ʹͷ˿ɫū֪Ӧκµġ
κ̫һֱ£Ҳ֪ôԶɱࡣʶҲˡ
ʵ̫ӦκһԥſڣϾǸˡӦʳ١
̫ô᲻֪Ӧֻʱصʱֶͷ
ʧˡ˿б˲ϡֻ̫࣬κͨʱҧҲſǸ鷳
ſڣȴ洫
λ¥µأ¶档
̫ӳʹ˸ɫվڼɴϡ΢΢·ŲŲæ˳ȥ
װŸ˯ѵģŴ˸ǷͷĿڣʱĹӣ
֪δҡǮҲûпֻЦɲǡʱġֻλĹһĸӵܣ㻹ȥĺá
˽ϵƳǶԱ׹ȵȣȥױ
Ӧʣ˵춼ϲϡȻҲൢʱ䣬ֻǽϴǶԶ׹档
̫Цһ˳λԥݵһĲǧһ
΢΢Ӧŵūһᵢ̫ӵ¡                    
лҪ˵ˡԺ󲻻ϸˡ

 42 

ڹﲻױ, ȴ¥µȵĻлˡ
λԥʱһû뵽˾Ǽӻô󡣡һЩĵĵ
ڴȵӹ, ĵѾȥһ롣ôȥ, ظʱʲôʣˡ
ҡҡͷҲĴܳԵȥ
ͻȻָĽִ治Ȼ¥, ζһ㶼û䡣
ƿΧߵݺݺû˼ԶЦЦŵ, ɱԵĻʳˣȥٲˆ¡
˱, ôҲǸѧҽġʳθķ֪ģǻʳҲܰԼκá
ί죬˵һԵĹЦſ˿ڡСϲԵ, ȥҵķ䡣ūԭǽʿ, ЩĹ֪
ĽССһڵٯһſ˵Ӷһ롣
˵ŻӾͳŵæ, 
ģû˼˵ȥǿЩҲǱˣƵ
ǹƬ, ܿͻָ
Դ˿̸ǴѵЩȴȥˡȺҲֻۺ졣µĹȻ
˴, һҲ˼Ƶĸ첲ƵĲǳʱʱĴߡʢ⣬ҲЩǲȵǽ÷һǳ裬Ҳ١
ϵ֬ŶһһƮƵı
ܲ, ﻹ˻ۡ˵˵ְֻһơ
һģ֪ǱЩϵζѬˡóܼҵƣѵ˵̸Ĺһܸ裬ؼʸ߽ࡣû뵽Ƥǳģ
˵ʱɫǲŭɫֱһޣŵһ˶ǰ
һȺСӣȥλӲ죬Ψʡ¥ϣһεεĹš
˳ȥƼŮӾİ˵
Ҳǵһԥǰʵλ
ƼĵҲһ̫ӸոҪ˷ټھҪҴˡ
ǿһ˿ЦݣһӡЦĸ밲λӰū
ǲţָôܣǡ
Ļûü˵꣬ͱһԵƴϡ
ҲȲѣˡ˵֬˳϶ңǱҲ˵
ﲻҪ֡΢΢֣ŵֻλ㳤Ϊ񡣡
˵䣬Ͷź΢ЦߵƵࡣ⺮ѵЩˡ
˵ʱͶǷ顣ǸڹŮ
ЩѿһæͣˡֻǸ̾û˿ð˼
΢΢һЦֽԼժϵƵϡӱƴǣҾ͵ǵļˡ
һμ֮Ĺﵹټֻңû֮ǰѣСŵĵ򣬽֮ʻ
ʲôĶţΪһֻҾ˵ݡȻΪֹ֮ǰྶͥҲ˵Ͳ֬
ǲмķ˷޼Ľҡ˵ʲô֬ǹӵҽūи֤ˡ˵ţͳվڽһŮ֡
Ů崿ˡ䲻һĹɵȴһﱧһֻ١ƺм·ƹ졣
СάԥʱҵĽá֤ǹˡ
Сάǰһʩ񡣡ūȷԥʱͰŹģ֪λ˵֬Ǻˡ
𿣬ѹ˽Żȴһֱٷ
˭֪ǲǺͨһвʵԹ
ƴԼƬ̣Żعקק䣬ʾ
ִԲλСڼｿˡ˵ֱײﲻҪ֡ɫҲˡǾ뿪ˡ˵žֳ˿̸š
Ϊı죬֬һģһôŵ϶ΪȻҸ硣
ϵһߴȺһֻͣΪүΪβֱӽ԰ƫƫҪȥֵط
ͷ˼Ϊ޲檣檲͵
ָ˵ͷѾͷƽʱ֪Щʲôϲ̨顣ûصĻҲ˵ĳڡ
⻰үҪˡƳ̾˿ŷ̫֬ӡ̫ôķİϽӹ϶Ϊү
ʣһַŽȻô˵ˡ̸ĶǸ壬̫֪ʲô顣˵Ǵʥ⡣
Ƶ˵ͷΪݺС£˶̫΢ʡټһֱŻ̫ǸܵСи£ȺҲǼ¡
ЩҲֻǲ²⡣ƵҲֻ֬ǳơЩдӡ֤
ϵĸĵӲ˲ֲŵҲûʲôѵãȥһ飬һҲͶ֪ˡ
һЦظƼ̫ӵĽࡣ
Ǵÿӣ΢Цͬ˵
Ȼ˵Ǹմӿ̸ֻ̧̧֣¶ŵĵĴӵȥƵЩģ̫ӿҪ
̫ȻϿţĵȴӿһɺ⡣ѿ̸Լ鱨ҲһˣۿžҪɹˣǴʱ˲϶ŹǸˡ
ˡ𴽽ǣһƵģԪˣԪڹҪ׼ˡǻЩһС
̫ӵľ棬֮뾩Ҫѧ졣ղȷ֬ʲôϵӵܿ϶ˡ
ƽڵĽʵʵڵ⼸գҲŴǻԥݡ̫ӲضģȹЩӣҲͻȥˡ
̫Ȼϲϸˣǲò˵ߵ˶ǸĴϻۡĵ˵ͷ˽Զ
ǵıӰֻջصԥݡ
ǵˮ̫ˣҲ˵̫ӣϵǸҲǼˡ
ʲôļʵ
ҡҡͷûʲôȲҪүѾܲˡ

 43 

Դմӿ̸, ÿղ˯˯ǻججΪֵｻ֮ʣ, ᲻ÿ˯ʱҲƽࡣ
Ӱͷ󺹵ĴԺ߽ۻڴͷ˯, ⶼˣô˯
Ʊѣ鵱Ȼ̫á˸, 
﷦, ҲҪתҲˡ˵, ̽̽ͷˣүˣ
Ԫڣ, һҪ, ȡΪʼӵȻҪϯ
ӰָͷǰүԺء
Ļæ¼ֳһ, 򵥵ϴһ¾ܡ
Ժһ˿ǿô
үôȥͷʵ
תͷһ, 漴ֺתߣΪ·ûá˵žָָϵϵ
æͷȥȻɢĴŷ趯æѴϵ, ˼Цţҳʧˡ
ƿԲһԵ, ɶͷԡʱǽҪ¾ȡ֡ٺһĺ«
ʵֻǲ֪κദȻװ֪Ц֡ڣѾȻͬǰ㣬ȴ·ļɻ䡣
⡭׼ԥˣƴŵʡ
峤̾һһԵʯϡ̵ҪӺˡ
ӺüͷͻȻճ˿̸̫ӡЩ̫ЮǵֶΡ
⡭ΪΣ̫Ӳ˵ԪںͿԶ𣿡
̧ͷЦ㲻һֱԹ⸴ΪΣǻԥԸˣ
Ʊҭ˵ԭҲһ˾ǵĻˮ  ЩͿ͸ˣ˳ǸһһһԼȱסҪպ׵ĴҲ᲻ù
β˵ΪԼ£æת˻Ҳ̫ӵԭֻǽʱͻȻεˡ̫ҽ˵ᣬ°ˡ
ӲǾٳⶼ֪ģû뵽С¶ô󣬾Ȼ춼ˡ
Ȼ̫ûûˣǶû㲻ǴٵЩӡ
Ƶ˵ͷԻ϶ϲްţһٴ졣ڣһг䶨ٻȥ
̫Ǳߡƻڣ֪ģܾ̫Ǹ
̫Ǳ߲õġȻѾǵĺôͲ׷ڡ
˵ţüͷЩͷĿһۣôˣſڱտڵ̫ӣ
ЦЦȲ˵̫Ҫʲô£ȥ̸Ҳ֪
Ҳûʲô죬СĿɫȥ̫ӳ
Ҳ֪ľ仰ˣ΢Ц޼ͷҪģǺܻܿȥˣ
һڼ檿޿Ĺ􁕵Ĵǰ
􁕸תѾӵĿͷۣȴ᲻ѵ⡣ֻɤӣϸϸĵʲôһûأ
죡Ļ䣬ߴһŭ⣬ŵԾĶһ¡
΢΢ۣȴ̫ӺɫЦݡ磬ʸոߣ㡣
􁕿ֻѪӿһͷͿȳһѪ
硣̫ӽӹѾߵݸĽǵѪղɾӲãٷ𡣡
ֿ˺һŴŴݺݵĵ㲻װˣһܿİɡ
̫ӿźѪɫѵúƢûж졣˵ʲôֵܡ򲻻ôġ
һбڴͷ㲻ô룿㲻ôɱֶӣ޲
Ϊʲô׼ҺǺӵģ̫εҡҡͷʣԼĺûãҪѹ˦ͷ𣿡
􁕵촽΢΢ףָ̫ӵŵ㻹˭Ǹһӣÿ˶䱦ֻ㣬ҶĻλ
˵̫ؿڴ˰Ż
Ҳ֪ںλ̫ҧҧ˵ȴƼЩͷ̧ļ檡
ߺ޵ķӣЩڵϵļ檶ϳȥ
֮±ͲЩģһæм˳ȥ
һԶˣ̫ӲżǻλҵġǸдگ飬ѸµġСܸʵϲҵĶλҪ
ʵϲ􁕷߶⼸ͻȻЦͬ顣ֻǿҡǧĺáд֣ȴʲôûиҡ
ЦЦţҵĿҲ̫ܣ۾Ҳ
̫ӿӣҲ˵ʲôݻı绹ǲҪô࣬ԼӰɡ
һ˦˦ʡҾԲŹɱҺӵˣһ㸶۵ġ
̫ӳһվаɣҾ͵Ҹۡ˵վͿ첽߳˷䡣
⣬СѾ׺æǰ̫ӣ̫ڳʩࡣȥæ
̫ӸոմǸûȥصһһԵӡʲô¶Ҫ¶档ʲô¶Ҫҵͷϡȥ
С̻ǵһμôСĿڣǡȥ̫
ȵȡ̸һͱ̫ӽס˿Լƽ߰ɣǡ
˵ǰæʵҲ¶档ЩȻѾ̴ȥ
̫£ڡ
ôˣ̫̫࣬£ȺԵ΢ʡȥϿҲġ
̫ӱбƣô˵ֱߵĲ豭Щ²ģ̫𣿡
̫ҲƢôôꡣ½ôˣ屧𣿡
̫Ҳ֪ԼЩˣ˸Ҿ;ֱ
ԪҪźӵֽǮҲϵصϰ˵ԪչſҪƧС·ῴɾĶ
ʩӴڳ⣬䲻ԶҲһ·̡ھһЩû˵С·
ڵϷյڼžҹԵøԡߵżèͷӥĽ˱󷢺
жýǣ̫ڳĿ
Ⲣû˻شֻм鶯Ƥ޵滹ڸϳ
΢΢üͷ˳㡭
Ƴ׶ñµЩ״Σ㡭
˻ժ׶ñǡ¹£ĳŴĿĹ⡣̫ӵ£þò


 44 

ΪԪڵԵ, ּӳʱ䡣
ϣһ˫˫ŮŮﶼһյɻơҲԪڵĴͳҪźӵԱߵİ˼
ٽ, ȻҲûмԪڷźӵƵľø, Ȼ
Ԫ䲻ʱŵƽʣǳκǺɻʱҲˡƿŲԶĵƹ
ĿȥԶĵƹȻȴûߵ
ջĿ⣬ʹͷƵĲɫĵƹư, ĵᡣ
Դ֪Ƶ, ԼҸ˼ҲԸ֮䣬ʹѾԶˡ¾ֻʣ
Ҫȥźӵ𣿡΢, ȥе㺣
Ļ, ϲһЦ, ͫӳŵƹ⣬ϵǡ
صĵͷðСŮ˭ϲĶ, ȻҲ⡣
ֻ֯˳ǰߣҲ÷͵ɻƵСǰ
λҪɻ𣿡СЦʵⲻ, ϵӱƽʱҪЩ
ƿŰڹ̨ϵһյյɻƣͳ˼öͭŽյɻơ
СЦǺǵó˵, ϡ͹úá
΢ЦһһӹһֻƵݸ塣ǰڼʱϲźӵˡ
ӼܳѾûȥˣΪŮ̷ĸ, ȡƲǰ¡
ںӱߵʯϣоŽ˺ĺˮ
СʱҲϲŸĸźӵƣֻ֪˷źӵƵԢ⵹ǲϲˡ
˵ȥܿɻ𣿡վԣĵƵ
ĳ°մϵվɣǻһЩ翵Ĵ˵𣿡
΢΢һЦĵƵҲǣϣܿƺӣҰɡ
֪Լŵĸĸȴֻļ򡣡Σϣ˵ʲô
̧ͷ¡СʱεԼĸĸ֪ʲôʱʼĸòѾģˡ
Ҳ˵ʲô˼˰Σڵٿǵͺá
վںӱ˵ϳµġЩ˴ɫףϻųǻߵĽ
ôнжˡ˵ţƾͿ˼ܵϡ
ϵĦ࣬˲ӣҲ׷ȥ
ϵڶ࣬˳ߵʱúߵʱ͸о粽СοҪԼˤţߵľ͸
ͻȻƾԼһʶתͷͿץ֣ڵĴŴ
ôʲôҿ̽Ϣ㷽𣿡
΢΢޽ǵĺˮ˳ֻԼҵĻζһ¡
óϵĺˮɡͻȻ¬صǸϣҲôȥ塣ֻǸʱ۾ڣ۾Ź⡣
ܸоԼԽԽ죬Ҫˡ
߰ɣҴȥקĳϿ
ƵĶϣһһµЩЦΪֻԼţû뵽졣
Ѧͳ졣߽ǸȻĽ죬ҾǷʲô£Ȼ˽
ѦͳüͷһΪѵģ±ܣ˵⴫ֻҲǻӵܣް˵ϣѹ̫ˡ
ƾȵ۾ʳ£̫ȴɱʣЦ
ģ̫߻ộƻЩţ̫š
ѦͳЩͷզ࣬ܿЦǲҪԴˣ
Ѧͳ쳤˵Щ塣ڨڨЦЦ
ȴüͷҲЩȣ̫Ӳչộ
Ѧͳ巢ʣ̹֡Ѿתˣ̫ھġ
Сֹţתѣ̫ҲӦȥ︴ôȥ
⿴һ۾Ͳµʲô̫ôᵽȥ
ѦͳҲЩͷۣ̫ڳʩ̫ҲȥҲͲ¡⻰Ҳֻ룬ɲҵﵱ̫
̾˿һ˵ǡ̫ʴȣ֪̫ڳʩȥæ
Ȼĵ˵ͷȴɵ÷Цڰٹٶ֪̫ǡˣ̫ôҲǰ̫ӻġ
Ѧͳعͷ˿ѾԶľӣ幰ֵСүûˣ¾ȸˡ
˸ԶſվһԵƣȥ
ƼԼ˵Ķ˵ˣԱ졣
΢΢һЦʵ˭ģ
Ƴ°˼Ƭ̡˵˭ᶯ֣׵ܵɵľɾ̫ˣôɵ
ʵϴڰݷ̫֮Ҿڻ֮µııˡԴ
̧ͷ㲻˵̫𣿡
ǣ㲻Ҳֱ֤̫𣿡Цݣһɫ⼸£̫ӹĲá㲻һоƺõģ̫ƿ𣿡
⼸·¡ȷϿΪ֮±ʧ˺ӣҵˡ󱻰۷׷ףʧĵȴ̫ӡ
ү˼ǣЩõģ
ˣСֱû˻λľҲҪһĻϡ
ҲáվȺУΧӿ֪ģܾþг̫ӣ֮⻹˽֡
⣬Ѧͳ쿴صʬѪֻͷƤ顣Щʬϲûйķڲ䱻һġ
սӵϢʱ򻹾ò죬̫߲ôһڵֻ³ֵǸߵĸ֡
ֱ㶵ߵǰƿ˳Ϳ̫ϵĽ»ѾѪǡһ˫۾ĴģֻѾûյǱ
ͬһ˿ڻڲϡ˶ʱûһԥƺõģĿҲȷҪȡ̫
ͳ졣һλ鿴ΧǰûнӡҲûҵ
Ѧͳʱ̫Ѩͻͻۣ漰ңҲҪҳ֡
ѦͳĻ䣬ʹӳһ۵Ľ䷢һ
ϲѪýġϸĿ˿ӵ·ƺʲôֻҹ߼һʱҲ𲻳ʲô
Ѧͳֽǿ䣬ԶһλҵˣǸ롣
˵ǽ룬ʵҲǸϵաֻϿһĿİ֡

 45 

̫¹ش, ǻҲ²סڿڡǳд󳼻оС¡
Ƶżһ˵˵ǻɫ, ·ԼۿƵġ
ƽĹƤ˳, Щĵ屧ԹӰȥ²̽Ϣô
δʱǾѾ쵽ʱˡ
ôʱ䣬ֱߵĲˮҲѾסС֣Ը˲ˮŵ, ɵ̫, ´µҲ⴫ȥľһҲ֮С
ǹӿĵ̫࣬ƾԼڸ˳ոϲˮĲ豭һڡ
ô, شҲѹءǱ߻֪ôʩѹء
Ļ洫װ
˳¥̽̽ͷƼһŻɫµһžľһŲ̋Ǹ˵
ҽһԶں֮Ĺ¡˵صľľһһ
һģһĿͷ, һ̫̽µġ︹̵
°Ȼֱۻʼ֮, ɳӰҲ١ֻҪ漰࣬Ҳһ۱һۡ
һ磬Ŀͷ˲ı顣˵ǺС˵Ϲ͢汾Ҳ, ˵ڹϸΪģҲ˵ɽģ˵Ǳ»Ұġ
˵Ԫ, Ұ䣬ͻȻһӤޡ
ͷƾʹ֪˵˵֮ǰһ档
մմϲʱ, ˵ͻȻһתȻ˵ǰЩСްŵ顣
λ顣Ϊ⼸ǰΪԼĻλ˸ոճõֶ
ƵĿһᵽɤ, ﻰⶼӰС̫ΪҪ֪Ȼж˻ɵȴû˸˵⻰ҪǴ϶Ͳ֪סˡ
Ϊ˰Ѻλɵ˵ţνԩͷծ⺢ԹһӤˡ
λ٩٩̸ҲüͷԵĻһһƵǰ˵ˡ
Ƹŵ˵ͷʥȻŹ񣬵ȴİհѻҺ͹ϵһ䣬۵»漰λӡֵǽǼҳ󣬺ο⻹ǻҵļҳ
˵ӲСƽŽ
ɵͷĵĽĺȥд󳼶۵£ƽͷм˵ģ˵ҲǸ򵥵ġ
ƽĻȥŵү˼ǣָʹ
ָʹǾԼˡЦһ
ƿеĺ⣬ֻñǲȥǰǼŻ
ˣ׵塣ƿ̨ϵǸ˵üͷΪΣ̫֮ǰģλ̫ӶѾˣôԭʲô
ͣеĶȷеΪΪʱЩ´һʼͲ̫ӣġ
Լ뷨˵¥³µġ
һȺٱλ˵ϡңѺ
⵹ûгϣƵ̾˿̵һȥͲ֪ˡ
ٱǸߣһӰˣվࡣ
һȭŴڣոȥʡ
̧ͷô죬¾ҵ֤ݣ
Ӱصͷ˵ѦͳҵһŰֵĽ롣
֣ƺҲϴˡ
ұѧңѦͳڰѧ䡣СӲѰҵĵѧ䣬ǿ塣
Ҳ࣬Ҷ겻볯ָʾҵĳ˻Ҳ
ȻˣҲֻһѡҲǲܡ
˽Ǿûбķ֣ʡ
ӰܣŵҹѲ˵Ǵֿ̿׼֡
һ֮ºλʹĽ͵Խ˺档
෢ǵüġ¼䣬ʹֽ˱Ͳࡣֽܽʹģƫƫǰҵļһλ
ȥ鿴վϻްƲʵ
Ӱ΢΢ףҹȥˣͶ˵û뿪˵ͣһ£ֵֻǱϾǰҵˣҲǲܡȷʵϵĽ벻ˡ
仰Ƶ۲ʱ˵һ¡ɺϵЩˡ
ҲôԽĲˣæʣǰûнͼ䡣
Ӱ̾˿¹ôֻ̫ܲ͡Ųá˵⽣ǰվͲˡǵˣҲûע⡣
˵ˡ
Ҳ̾˿ⰲҲ֪ǵ˭Ҫȫ㡣
ָľ棬ص²ǰġҰϧë治²£⾩ﻹ˽֡
􁕰ڴϣϸźʱŻõޱ
ʣ²ǶġƮƮģƺѾ˵
վһԵֻܰĨᡣ̫ڵʱ̫ܺӳ졣ѾǴˡ
ϿԼС۵ĺӲҲĲ̣ҪǸĺһ
޴һǰı¼Ҳظµ﹩㻳̫Ӷ֣
􁕵ĴԽԽ󣬵ȵϻʱѾŻһѪ
æǰḧĺһЩ
ʣƿ֣۾Ķ̫λҲΪǸճĺӱ𣬵ȴ˴졣
˵ţ􁕵۽һᡣҵѾˣֻ̫ܽҲĺ·
ϵɫ΢ݡǱǸĻǸǰ˼ܵ
سµĵط˰ҵĽ룬ʲô˵ģ
􁕵Ķͷſڴͷֿ˺þòŻ֪ⶨҪݺҡ
̫Ѩһҹ۰ĶӲأõĶѾܲסκεĴˡ
վ̾˿ӲãǺú޻Ժ㡣
й˵͸ĲڻôãȻ֪ʹʧ
ƴ쳤˸첲קס˻˿Сʣ治ΪΪҵ
ںͻ˵仰ǻȴѾ˦Զˡ
􁕿Լյֻ֣Ѫӿһζӿɤӡ
ס죬ŻһѪ浹ȥ

 46 

ҹ, ǰյĵıȡ£յذסԭյĴҲһߺɫĹײռ
ȥۡţͿԺܽһͷɢŮӡ
ұ㲻, үôȥˣЪ˹ĳ˻
ͱЩֵľƣ, Ҳûоֻ˰ȥ
ԭȾزҲΪ谮ȥҲ־Ҫȥ
һŮȻѲ⼸ִֽŵ, ֻܿ޺ŵ, ǲôүһ涼ˡ, ǼңүͶϡ
ͷۣķߺίһӶӿͷһ˦ϡ
үͶϣҲ֪˭, Źٻ¼ҵĵĸ, ƫƫͷүꡣϸ룬ΪŮҵףү㣿
˵һһ, ȴɱ粵ү˺ӵˣҡ
мһЦ, ˵ͲҪҲ档үӿգֽš
, Ϊ˺ʳЩǿҩȴûҪү
촽Ȼ֪, ΪʲôֹҡҲǾϲ⡣
תͷŰײġϸ룬ôٴΣĲġţΪνղУǧûзסˡ
˵ţͷӲ˲ߵˮҲںڡǰڿڣһֱעšֱ˵˵Ҳһ졣
һʧڵϣĲ֪˵ʲô
ΪĹȣһԵѾʹɫ˷ȥ
Ѿǰϸϸİο䡣Ҫʱ򣬲ȴһ˳ȥֱײĶȥ
ŵľ죬¡
ɻûǶ֣ѾͷѪĵ˹ײǰ
˫֣Ѿߵǰ˿ȥȥ߹̣˹ȣүȥˡ
˵԰ŵʱѾǺʱˡ
崩̤ԺӣƼһ߽ͷϵãһ߿첽ްˣ
΢΢ףŵ˵ǰų Ͳˡ̫ҽԺԺϵʱѾҩʯˡ
̶죬⾩Ҫˡ
̫ҽ˵ôվȥˣƵ
Ҳһͷ̫ӵ»û¾ˡǻ˵ʲôܲ˴̼
Ƴ̾˿
ֻλӣȥλܼ̳дͳľֻʣһˡƾǷʣص֪ܲܿ
үδ㣿üͷ
¹ѻ𣬸οǴҪףϳ¹󶼻ϴơ
Ϊԥݶܿ¡ϲ
Ȼ˼Ϊӵܣ»Ǹв£ǴѹⶼҪϵ˼
ס˼Ƭ̵ܴԶǷã߲ҲҪи
ĻֻйɲԤС롣Ҳϣٴݡ
ĽţЦһ㲻˵ҪҵּڵǸʱ
ԹӢۡȷǽҵĺûᣬִھǣºҲ
ֻһ۾ǡͷЦһⲻǶܶõġΪΡ
һҾȴ³ΪԼǸҵˣȴҲܲΪµİ롣
ư̾˿ҲˡϽӣ֮ŵĶȥˣֻʣ¸İһ˳
и̣Ѿһҹ¶صģվʲô
̧ͷվڳǰһֻ΢΢һųӰȥȴסָң
ֹֻ⻬𪣬ǽڷ˵ǹҵҲΪƵϽһЦַŵϡ
ҹƵָЩ΢ܿͱůƵʶƺ⻹˵һôĽӴ
Ƶ΢΢죬һ߽ʱˣɡ
ȻʱѾ˶·ȴܿŵȥġ
үӰڳѹϵ
һ̫Ҳֻٰչᡣûе̫Ӹɼʲôϵﶼġ
һµڹԵ̴ľϡһҹĹͷϵİ׷ֶЩҲࡣ
վŵĶǾǵҴ壬һĴһݡ
ΪϽеĻӣ׵ʹͷվȺλɫĽۻЩȻʱ̫æ
ʡ̧ƳһۻϡֵܿͷСĿڣ˵ģѾ񲿵ȥˡ԰̫ӵǣʹᡣ
ϲվɣ˫ָŹ˫աͳɳơõĲ£
ײԵ̧ͷӭȴһ̨
ӲôһֻǰһڡҲ֧Ųסȥ
˵ʲô˵ǰ̫ӵ̣޻ûأ˵ĻͲˣϿͷðѪҲЩ̣ϾԼĺӡײŵͷ
ڵ˰̲ԻҲ˲۾;ֱȥʣҲԸȫ˴ڡ񲿵ĹԱ˵̫ӵϲܡϲܰһӷΪ̫ӡȻĻǲ˵ڵġ
һסؿڵıơϲʲôǰ˵̫ӵ޹ءӴʲô
۾˸⣬˶ôġ첻ȴԽա
㻰ô˵һתͷȥһ̨
ϣĪӡǵĴ߽ɿһĻæǰȰ
Ƹбһ۾߲·óһӽŸȥ
ӣãڰս˻Ӳ˲ѪίԽĴ󣬶ˮ
ʹֶʲôԹ˵ġֻǰǣҲǣ
ô˵϶죬Ҳֻͷĳæǰס졣
˵ʲôȴһ̨ҵ˼ø첲һ£̨Ҫҵͷϡ
㡭Ҫޣü̳лλҰġڻɣҲѲ˸ϵ
˻һһԵ˶һЩЦļıҲôίˡϽʧȥӣǶˡ

 47 

뿪ʱ, Ѿˡһҹ˭ڵĲᡣǰ
ƱǴ˽ͻȴ, Ǹ԰
ǰˮ˿, ַҩЩյĿڡڱʹʱôô˵
ȻǲڣȴǺ¡Сûôͻ˵
ҡҲ, ﲻҲͷľһٴûҵӡ
֪ơиĸ, ̨ͷҵġ¿οҲ, ǻϵ׹⡣Ͽ϶Ҳãֻˡ
ױ죬ͭһȦȦײԼ, ЩҰܡ, 㲻ðοҡʶôСͲϲ, ĸҲҲܺ͸һ
죬ǰֻЩ΢ŪŪܹȥû뵽һֱͨ͸ĺܡ
Ƕ, ̿ࡣСಡ̫Ŀȴһ춼û£Ҫ˵ˡҲ, Ҳˣֻ뿪ĵĻһӡ
׵ĻҲЩ˸С̫ӺûԸܳ, ֻԸˡ
׵ļ򣬽ϵҩƶʰáɫˣһ϶û˯Ъɡ
׻ԼһѾˡ
Ҳʱɫ΢ҲռҪһЩһžͱһΧ
ƽ˽ϵ£Ŷ΢΢׵ɫһ
ôûȰã֪Ӻδ
ƳȴǿһˡЩµ˿ڿˮȻѾˣЩɭ
ҪطȥִЦ̧ͷϿ
ƽŽɵ̧ͷƼһذݶϡӦ΢⣬ĵͬ·һ
ദôʱ䣬ƵҲ֪ôáôطϢǵڵ׸ոЪֻܷŵүôţ
ôԶСȻʲôüͷһԾʹݼƵǰ
˵ʲô
ָָ棬ʣΪʲôڿͷϣ
һЦÿ¶һƬࡣԼһ˲ҩ㡣
˵ҩ͵Լģ֮СͿƵĸ첲ϡ
̨һ¿ɲᣬҲҺСʱֵƤ˲Ų˹ͷ
ҧźǿʹԣүΪ˸ҩġΪʹۿЩӨ
忴ۿҲشֻԹԵʣǫ̂㾹Ȼˣ
Ҳû뵽ԼȻȥǸ̨ӦѾˡҺʶ꣬ЩίҶԾʶˡ
ЩĵȷίЩͬǻӣûȺӵûлϵĹذֻԼһǰߡ
ԭĻ֮һЩҲûް
ƵһֻΪǲġүһ㡣
̧ͷĵƳһۡһΪ㲻֪أʶȥ
ЦЦ⻰˵ȷЩᡣүˣֻǾЩ
Цһһû˵үˡ
죬СأȻ֪жҡﲻϾӲãԬҲޱ
彫ϵҩͿãӲ˲֣ΣûϵĻڻˡǸĻƶߡ
üͷװ̵ӡֻϹèӣҲᱻ
ȷֻɲŵϴ֮λģǰһһʵ
ƶĵͷ ꡣڸεˡж֮Ҷ
˼ϸǸأʵ
ܡЩƾղɡ̫ӺִݣмܼаƳ˼ϸǸͲԼݽȥ⡣
Цһ˵˰ˡ
˵ûƵȷΪЩ꿴֪Ϊˣһ֪֮ڡ
һܵ¡
Ļ嶼һҲǣΪ˿ҵģȻؽ尵Ը̡
үأƵģ𣿡
Ʋûǿȥֻ˵
年һЦҲǣ¾ֻʣôӣܰ˭أƵҲֻܿһŲ߰ˡ
ҪˣȻҲֻǣΪŰġͣðҲ¡
⵹ʧˡ׷ǵû̫ӵӣͨ񶼴á
ͷ۵ڳľǰǽڷָһһû档˵ʧ£ʧ¶ʣʧʶ壬ʧ񣬷֮֮ס
ϣһͷˮ֣˵һЩɡҹβãЩ
峤̾˿鱾ϡ仰˼ǣΪӦΪΡ
ƶǶĵ˵ͷ֪̫˵ģΪΪе
һʲôϵʽҰ»ûءҪ洹ˣ͸ˡ
ͷŴ߹ŵľƷ塣⻹ǱȽ̸ľԴѡ
Ϊ˵ʲô˵Ҫе¶ԼϡñȺ£㲻ҪԼѹءֻҪʵȻܰá㶮𣿡
˿ͷҲ˵ֻܺҵĵͷ˶ˡ֣ⶼˣҹ˯Ĳãٷһȥ˯ɡ
üͷָָǰŵʮۡȻˣȰ¹ڵ̰ɵˡ
һϣ۾Сֹšø˵ģΪΡǾɹȥɾˡ¿ǰ̫Ӹ£ȥˡ
Щıͷȥֲ̫ľǳ¿Ȼǹ飬֮ǰҲ̫ӰβȴǸб˽ҵġ̫ްˣ¿ҲǵͷѾڷ׼ˡ
Ҳµˣȴϸá⵫ЩӵҲô
֪ɨ𣿡ߵ࣬ͷϵı
۾׾;ͷԿʼģ˵ҲЩͷɨΪΣͶ綼ްˣбҪɨ𣿡
ȻбҪƶ˶ĺȦ߽̫Ӻʱٹ̣ڣպӰ졣ʲôֻҪȽϾڰһܵӡ󡣡
ǿž۾֧һֱˡ
屾׸ľƣ񿴵Ʋһָ泯죬˯׵㿴֮ѡ˵ǵˡ
Ȼ㣬ԴֻҪҲʲô¡Ƽ˯죬Ҳĳ
尵ҡҡͷµеû˯Ҫȥ˯᣿
ЩӵȷЩ񲻼ã˯ߵû̫Ĺϵʱ˯һҲûûϵ⼸췢̫࣬Щ˼ˡ                    
лҪ˵л2020-05-15 19:12:07~2020-05-25 19:47:03ڼΪͶƱӪҺСʹŶ~
лӪҺСʹ~@@ 1ƿ
ǳлҶҵ֧֣һŬģ

 48 

˯Щࡣ˵֮ǰҲ˯, ڣʱûȴǴûй
̽˸ͷЦŵԽ˯, ء
ƹһ֯ı, Ժһֻ۾Ҳ֪ôˣ˯˵۾ȴֻƤǧ
תѲƿ˽أվ¯ǰšǲǷ̫İ㡣˸Щ
аߵ, ƽ˯ľͼ, õ
Ų鸡˴һߵϴ̨Ӿ, òˮ˿ڡүʲô
̨ѡһľͷϡһ磬ܹҪø㻹ȥ
һȥüͷ˵, ҪȥҲŲôװԼȥˡүô˵
ûô˵أͷ˵Ӳ̫, ˵ҪȥģȻڴֿ֣˵Ǹƭġ
ֿ֣Ц⵹¡
ͷϵһ, ˲õĵǱȹﻹҪܲ, Ҫȥ͸ȥɡ
Ȼĵ˵ͷָʣ, ү⣿
΢΢ףȴ־Ҫ߳ŵʱס㣬Ȼ ʱ䳤, ҸҲĳġ㲻߰ɡ
һĶͷҪ㣬Сĸǽжɲ
⣬װɵĺŲˮŵԺⲽ
׼æǰôˣ ʱҲû˯ôǲѹե㡣
Ƴһֻۣ°ǲŻᱻѹե
ֻƺΪٽеǡ
ǣһӦͣɱ ܻӡȻЩ
졣ȷ죬Ӿֻһˡ
קƵ½ðң⼸ոһֱҡʲôǴֻܰˡ
һͷűƯŵĲҶȴþǴˣʲôȻٹ
ҡȻʧЦֻǿҵЦŲҡ
׵Ļ䣬Ӱһ߽
ŰɫǻߵĽ£ɣء
ʹڣϴɫۣŭǸޣֵ˵ģ
µȺҳһ磬֪˵̫Ӻôâ¶˵˳ͼӴ׵˵Щ˽ᵳӪ˽˰հΣĻ
³ͻȻѾȥˡ̲ǰһ
Цʣʲô
̲ΪٶʮأȻ֪ѾֻӲͷƤػЩ˵˵һ⿴ŷõĻӺͳ𡣲ûпӰ
Ͻϵ˳ȥ˵ʣ˭Щ˵Ķץġⲻʵ˵Ще𣿡
֮ŭʬ򣬵µĹԱŹ˵ϡ
ϡֱ̫ͦ˺ѳ֮Ҫġܰĵľǲֻ̫֮ҪϴףȻ͹ȥˡ
β֪̫Ӳµ֢ᡣֻ̫ӣȺҲ޴Ӳ
̫ׯصߵףȴɡɢ̫Ӻ϶ġ
ȻҲ뵽һ㣬ֻӵˣٰǣֻҡֻ˵飬㶼ܲк
ϣѾ˵⡣̷ڻ϶С
ƣü䣬¹ŵȺ˰֡°ɣݺ顣
վڵֻЩӵŴӵ߳ĹԱЩĪʱʱָ˽˵ʲô顣
̫Ⱥ󣬳΢΢񡣡Ϸֻһ䣬Ҫ˲֪ǼĪΪɱ󡣡
Ļһͷˮ⼸찲ؼĺܡȥ԰ƾһ ˡʲôû
סúʣͿ̳ͨˡ
׸һţϾͷһǳ²㣬ࡣ⼸ڸʲô糯Ҳ޸Щ˶٣ڸڹ𣿡
׿ɥһ֪粵ʡСĻһ׼ڸ˵İ
һϲŵɴȷԼ׼ġ׼ģҲЩ
ͷǶĴȥȥӡ
ô˵ͷŭƽЩЩС£޻ҪҪ㡣
һɻĿŻϣղΪ¶Լһָժ˵Ҫˣ
㣬һ·ʲôԷ
ϸϸ룬һ·˵ЩʲôŽҲûϸ
ҡҡͷûС
ûУ۾ɻ֪˵ɢҥԣ
ҡҡͷװɵ⼸ճڸ鷿ʵûоעЩ
ϼʸڷһŴˡһҲ֪¡д󳼽˵¶аһĻʹ
ϵһ仰ͨһ¹˵ϡʣûСԴ²֪
վߵࡣ԰Щߣ˵ߵָĲͽ֡ײ˶в
׸Ͳǵ˵Щʣû¡Ǵˣô˵ơ
һǰҲƣǰմµ˵ȥǰ˵оӰ̫֮ΪǸ˵˺㸮˽ܡνͣ
׹ǰŲ˼һקס˻ϵ½ǡЩҶ֪Ҵûйʲô˵ȥӰ硣
˦˦ӣ̾һЩѾҪˡĶӣһᱣסֻҪ޼סһж̤ʬõġ˵꣬Ͼֱֱȥ


 49 

һ, Ƕֽţһܵ巵̼
巵һǿĹڻϵǰ
Ԭ㲻˵Щʲô𣿡ʺڻϵĴ, һһֻƵĵιҩһߵ
εʱ, 巵ֻ׺һڡƫƫ̾ĺ«һֶ˵
檵ʱ޹Ҳ֪ʲô̻׶ʣԬʹͷ̽
ʺݺݵĵһۣȲ˵ôε, ǷЩ, Ҳ뿴ס
ˡڻԣ֮ȽϻѡǶ°ɡ
˻ʺķԸ, ȺҲҶͷ׷׸ˡ
ԬѾߵֻ߳巵Ƽһ˴վ⡣
ĸԬ߳æȥôˣ
Ԭѹʣ׶, ĸ˵, 㸸ǲεģ
˼˺һżѵĿڣǵġ
Ԭ̧صشһĶͷʲôкǣǾǣǾǲǡ
׷ץץͷ, ʵȷǱεġǸʻɢͶҥԣʸڷϣʲεġ
ԬĵĿһ, ԼĶԼ֪Ԭ֪ײµϡզǸҲᱻƵⲻˡ
̨һææĴ԰Ϲˮû, վȶȴûһ˹Լ
Ԭקקǣŵĸ˵ʵ, 㵽ûС
ĸһӴӵվίƺܿ޳ô㶼ôҡûС
ԬͷһμôίȻ֮ǰҲйԩʱ򣬵ɥҲͺˡ
Ԭָĺ󱳣Ȼ֪ΪˡֻǷŻʺ߬Űѱһңûˡĸˡ
ײƽȴԬܻǻʺôôƶһɵģɱ˵˵ʹǸҲǱͿˣȻɵˡɱˣȥȥ
׸ȥ°ͣһ޿ʹ֪ԼɵΣĻһͷûСĸܲͲ鵽ˡµ˶û취ʲô취
ԬصĵһĶͷ˵иģǴӱȥ
ҲȻһԼĶͷһҵģ˵վ˴ײײܡ
߼ȹϵϣ԰Ǳȴ塣
ǰһƬҶеһź¡
ۼһſŵĺӾͽƵĺΧ
ˡƽʣµİӷŽүѾǷˣʥ𣿡
彫ϵӶʰɾһӡӰεˣҽʲôã
εˣƾʡ
Щӻҵһһ硣šʵôε
嵹⣬֪˵εʱֻһڵڡʲôû˵
ƿһ޲ӣЩĽӶҲΪô»ֻ塣
үѲģСʡ
ȻЩţվǴӰ
彫һöӷŵʾӡ㻹ǵգ˵ʲô𣿡
ҡҡͷ쾫񲻼õĺܣһת۵¶ˣοѾôõء
üͷ˵̫ӺĹһֱӰ𡣡
Ķͷҵȷ˵⻰㲻Ϊ⻰ͻ˰ɡ
ǺһЦôɵ£˵ȥˡ²һ˻ɡ˵̧ͷ˿æµŵѾǣԺ۾ɲֻһ˫
Ҳˣ̫ɡλӣҲǲܡƵʹͷأţȻ嶼¡
̵һǣôˣʱʱľǰҲ
̾һӷŻ¨룬ǲġ
²ȥҲվӾ˾ֹ֡µ˷ ˵ܡ
ƲԾüͷһϵȷĿܸЩ
Ӿ֪ʲôҲ˲ǣҷİɣȻɵҲƶȵȿɡ
ȣͷʲô
年ǣͿ˰뱲ӣһӾôѵġٵǸԼ
⣬ƲŻȻһ˫۾Ǹʲô˵ԭ洫йķԷǲˡ
΢΢ףЩӵġӰ˵־壬ôˣ
Իͷʲôʱ־ˣЩ˯ˡֻЩ˯쿤˱㣬öˡ
ס֣Ὣָϡ黬ЩѪ㡣
۾һգգ塣Ǻܺ棬ôʲôᡣ
ôʲô屻Щʵ
΢΢һЦ¾òҽүΪʲôͨҽأ
ѧҽԱԼҪˡﵹӳ΢ƣֻ̬ûгָ⴫ȴһ±һµĿ졣
һæӸס˵ʱ̫רעǷǡ
ỽһ˿ҵ㻹ʲôԸ
󣬷·滹µ¶ȡ˵ԸһŮӶеԸֻ˵Щˡ
Щŵս˫ָ֣ϵƺԼһ㣬Ըҡ
үĻ䣬Ӱصһײţүˣڻء

 50 

Ͻڴ졣ǳƵ, 粢ûдϲಡ֮¡
о䵹ǰĺ̫ܰѨͿЩͣĵ
һ޾ɵӸ¯Щ㡣, ֮ʲôû˵𣿡
ӻóһӸƲ˲֡ϻǲ, ڵءҿûеȵıҪˡ
Ƴͷ̾˿̫ӺҥԶһҹ֮Ʈǵģȴһ˿һûСЩѰζˡ
ѵ˵, ģŵĵҲһ
΢΢סȷ, ˼ĽҲһ˭ôֱء
үҪҪɳӰȥһ飿ʵ
üͷǵȷҪ, ֻѾ˳ӰȥǸ˵ˣٻҪղܻ
˵ûųӰͷϸſ, , ɳӰȥʲôˡ
岻һ裬¾Ǹ£ܾЩ, ɳӰȥ
£࣬°룬ھ, ôôá
һھУ˵˵ϼȴѮҪһʱ䡣
Ȼ˵׼õ, ɲñ֪ԼΪ˷Ӱմôġ
  ʱ֪ĸ˵ļѮͣһᣬʵ
ϸϸ, ѮûУһλϲ顣
ҡҡͷӰš˵λ缸½ľǡ
ˮһʯӡʱվǰľսƵ¥˵飬ӳġҲ̫ˡ
˵ͷԣҲóӰȥѮ顣ֵĺܣѮǱ߲ûд˵Ϣ
˵ѮһڱеĲˮҵǼǵСʱ򣬸׾ȥ
Ļû˵꣬׾żæŵĴԺ˽
ø磬ȥȰȰʰɡһ۾һץס󡣡ϣȥ밲˭֪һžͷһ˵Ҳ˼ȡ˵Ļ
üͷ˵Ӱ̫Ӻˣ
ױһ죬ί˺þòŰһֹֻҡ
һƬ׵һǱ˴һȭ
һЦ˳һǵһο嶯ء
Ҳ˺þòſڵǱϴģ
׿ŵͷ³˭ҴҡҲ֣ҿ׶ӡ
彫ָȥʵ֪Ϊδ㣿
һƨϣΪʲôȥƫƫֻ
ҡҡͷһԵĹóһҩ䣬ǸʽСɹޡ
һ߸ҩһߵ̫Ӻ䣬ȴǷİ
忴ָȴһֱæŸҩһմЩҩ۾Ϳ
Լ񲻼ãɡ˵žסƵǿ
һԿɵۣ⻹һθҩء
Ц˵ЩоδҲ̫ɺ˰ɡ
ĵͷɰ˵꣬о͡˵һ룬ͻȻʲôüͷʡø磬㲻ǻҡ
ЦһҲƣҲҵ˼
۵ĵһæ˼ø磬ʲô˼
彫ϵҩȥ˫һһֻǾ̫ɺˡңڵݣѹסҥӦò°ɡ
е㺩ɵ⻰˼ġⲽͷ󺹡ҡѹʲôҥԡʲô֪
εֻһˡΪʲôûзԷﴫ㲻𣿡ֵ
һԵƶüͷҲЩ档Ǹ˺ǣἲɫôô˵
Сӣ˵ǲֱ̫ˣ
һĸղŵĮ룬΢΢һЦ
ûüڣ׵Ϊʲôǻң˵һԱߵƣɫ˵ʣҲ𣿡
ƺ˵ȴֻܵͷ۾ҪҰҩ𣿡
ץϵҩƿһתܳԺӡҲãԼԡ
üͷ壬磬ʲôô˵ġ
嶢΢΢񡣡׷ȥ˵֪׵Ǳ˵˵ӡ
ϷŵǸɫСƿҲ֪ŵҩ̴ࡣ
ǵʱʱһ磬ۡ
ƷŰǽһ۾ŻͻȻǿ۾ֻǰľﶼߵһûվȾ͵˵ϡ
ͷȴɾͷؽһھͲ֪ʲô¡ԼԼֻи˻                    
лҪ˵þûˣĺʹࡣĸĵĻһֱΪԼܱϲҵˡˡٵİᡣ
ҶղذɣлСɰǲ벻

 51 

ʱʱƮİѬЩͷ, Ժ˫۾ƼΧһһᣰšⷿϤˣ ׵Է
۵̫Ѩǿ˴, ȼϵ¯
Щ, صĺһóһװű͵Сƿӷڱᡣ
ζӵһƬҲӸղŵл
¯ԶһŰСɽƵۡװǵġ
ȡһ˿ǰϲʱӣ˼Ҫ̫
һԱҲǲϵʱ໳Ű̫ӵˡôǻ᳹顣
¿, Ȼ˱ʼҵֵıʼ׵Ĵͬ, Ӧǻױġ
ƽ۷ŵԭƳһⱻ˵šŷϼûдҲûдˡֵ, ûз⡣
ŷų˳ɫֽд顣ֻôһۣľͿһҲ˱
дսͷβĹ̫Ĺ¡һֶûƫ
Ƶ΢΢ǿѹĿ־彫ϵһһ䶼
ˡ, һʵĶС
ƻתͷ, 뽫Ƿӵ׵ϡеĿ־ͺֻǶݺݵĶˡ
㻹ʲô˵𣿡ԼҲûз֣һ˿ǰԻľ٣û뵽ȻԼҲһ
һȥ, һѶֽҡ֪㲻ţҪ˵˵žסƵļ
Ʊŵһ, æ㿪ˡʲôվǾСöֶŵġ
֪ģͻȻʷЩۿֿ̡侲һ
ô, һסӵһǻ¡ү˵ڴžͺá
׼̬һӱù, ֪ԼǱˡεס˶ͷӽ͵ȷдġ
Ļû˵ƳһҾ֪ģüëϿ콫Ļ³ǣûɢȥ
üͷûɢȥôᴫķԷ
׳̾һɥһ˵ͶĸڣҾʹҪӳȥԺ˵ԷմȥǰƵ˵顣Ҿ˼ȥˡ
෢͵̫Ѩ֮أ
֮󣿡ƶԼһ裬֮˵Ĳ˸дϷĸҡһûȥ¾Ѿǽ֪ˡ
ɵأѣ˹ݺˡֻݺͨ죬ҲǸ򵥵ˡ
ͷ˱еĲˮʵǸ˵أûȥң
棬㲻˵ãҾǹٸ׷ȥˣ˵ĻڼƱءһ飬ץ˸ڲء˵žһӣڵƵĿ佱
һͷ¾ǿŲʱըʱᱬըĺݵˣɴͼ徲ƵҲĴ˳аߵĵ
صĴ˴ĶǣǸϻġ
ߵŹ𣿻ǲ˰ߣûĵ
Ϊ׵ĶǶз졣ίĻסԼĶͷҡȥ
˵׼ţȴֽסȵȣǸأҲڸ
׺ǺһЦҫŵģǱһصġ
׵Ļ䣬һ𼱻ǵܽ
ͨһӹڵϣ˿Աߵֹ
׳˻֣ôʶˣл˵
Ǹʹͷԥ˺һſڵүǸ˵ĺˡˡ
һʱԭأæǰŸȥҡ͵͵ңҪôµǰץˡ¾ͽͲˡ
׵ۿһӺһ˫۾ò죬հ˵
 ĻȻ࣬ҲĿŵڳѰֻܻƽյ·͵͵ڵ´̽
ϣæĲɿ  ҲǼת
㻹бķܳġϵĲ豭ֱ£ǲˮļ١
ҡҡͷʱֻΣӳ˾ǡȥǰһݰɡ
ʮķ˸ۣʲôʱˣ㻹ҿЦ˵ҪЩ񡣡˵꣬վΧԷתһȦһóһ˾ġ
ƳŶͷֻͷֲۡûϻιȥ
ƼԺһٷʩʩȻ߽£
ȵĿһԵƣ
ƿҲ֪ŵò壬æʩһλڹ٣ʻټΪ£˵һյ豭͵̵ϡ
豭ĲͬǰյҲֻװȲ衣
ϵЦ̶ˣĵĵ취ɡسǾץסˣǰйءƫƫ˵Ǵ  ġ
ƽǵĿһۣѾվˣһӵϡ̴ľҲˤ˵ϡ
̿ǴЩۡϺõ̴ľ
ƿ˼ӵϼǴӷŵ̵˵Ҳϣڹһ£빬ҲиӦ
̵ﶼ⣬æӦӦõģ½ôûӦء
巵ڣλŴŴֲµ˴ҳĹס
޵ĺöӡ̾һƵ޾Ȼѳֲ˳ˡ
һ¹˼ӲĴʯשϡʡ
㻹ʲô˵ģƵĽͷת۾һգգĶ
Ȼע⵽վԵơƿĿ⣬Ƶʣԣ׳ķ𣿡
վԭֻһѹȸæڵߵ׵ϣ²Ϊ
ЦһΪָָڵϵˣֽе˵Ƶǰ֤֤ڡǵǺúŪģ
ҧ촽Ѿûһ˿Ѫɫµȷ̫Σ˵ȥҲû˻š
ͻȻ͵̧ͷһ˻ᱻ˭ָɹġ
ƵĻճߣ׾ͷɹһϴĶͷ˽űߡ
ʵ޶ʹˡΪ޻ô𣿡Ϊ̫־ҵĴؿŹȵĸ
Ʋ˲߻Ƶ˿ڣ񶷵һʻϣ˵ġ
Ϸ˦ӣվָŵϵ˵鱾ӵд
⻰¶ϲɫòǱߵģ˵ɢĿɾˡ
Ҳˣֱ˵дġº޹ء˵ƽͷ˵һ˵ϡ
ЦһΪ޾ͻˣд˱ӲһɢȥԼ𣿡
ΨΨŵŵĹһһԲֱƶͷϵѪ۲Ŷſڣȷֻù˿ûü
Ļһŭסڡǰ޵ɵ˲ɣ
ϡϻ䣬ɫĴžͱһŻŮƿǲһĽ۾ȴű
ӵڹŵˣһһߵ˻ϵࡣʩʩȻ׶ûа㵱ɵӣ׶ĳ谮ж٣
ͷŴ̳һҲ֪޿Ƿĸӡ¡
ûпǷĸӡԬᣬ޵ıСֻǿǷ׶۰̫ӣֻǲϲ׶ҲĶӰ
ͷһһĿֻļϱ˴һЩ׵ȷ̫Զֻ⺢Ҳ˵ҲûϡΪô
ϡԬ˫ס˻ϵȣҲ׶̫̫Ĳ䲻͡⺢Ӵû˵ѡһΣһΡ
΢΢̧ͷͿϵĻ㱡
ϡæԬĻ˵Ըµʼٸߡ
Ͻع߿޵滨Ԭֿ˿ڵϵ׺ڻ˿ڡ
޸ʱաһ£Ļ֡ɢҥԵˣı̫ӣˡҳ

 52 

ҹɫ΢Ũ, ƴմһ¶̧ͷķǣѵ¶һ΢Ц
ˣ԰ɫĴ⣬һֻֽżϡ
Ƶû뵽šЦʵ, ҹ¶, үôطϢ
˷ڵϵĵϵǧƺСҹδˣеǡ
ƵͷסԼաȴ˶ͷϵ˿, ˻һ
ϸ鿴ǵ˿ڡù̫ҽѾι, Ȼҵ°̾Ͳˡ˵ֱ뵽巵תһȦ
Ƶ˵ͷǰ, һǺš
ĶͷǱߣǳ˲, ôͻϽ
Ƴһ, ĽŲಽûмǸӡһôҲ̲
Ȥŵô̲ڲȫȫ𣿡
һЦ˳, кЦүĵܴ󰡡
תͷȥ㻹ûлش⡣
üͷ, ʲô⣿
΢˼վҡҡͷûʲô, 㻹ûгѾˡ
ʼ磬ߵǰǸ⡣
ơͣ˲, ˵ĸ
ƣ΢΢һ㶣ƺûзӦ
ƵͷЦЦ˵ҽơ
ơ建֣ƺ޾繡Ǻڵֺ񡣡
ƿƮһ両ƵãȴϲƮʱҪڵâһһ֡
΢΢ףչ⡣ֺʺ㡣
˵ţһЦ̧ͷ
үԥһῪڣϸһ²̫֮¡
񣬡Ҫæˣİɣһ㱻ؼ硣
ˣһϵƲʣһߵˡէ𣬴ϵҶҲĳ˵ġ
ڶգĵǸ硣򵥵ϴ֮͸˸
Ҫһ£Ǹ˵˺˶ܲ˵ġʹǡϣһķŽﲻĵ
΢΢ͷճʱѾʹˡ˱ǰģô⣬һӦ¡
ҡҡͷһֱŽ˵Ĳ˵ģȥǰƵǸ
Ȼ˴¸ľϣǸ˵˺ ߵĺܽүҪ֮ǰǼ£
˵ͷ¶ϰһоݣһǸ˵Ļ
ڳܵķɿ죬ʱ͵  
ﵹǰĺܣֻһżķ
ļ򣬡ôˣ
ͻȻסҪҰҪǲ鲻ҾҪˡ
ƻɵɵԭأѾ첽ǰһ㲻ģǻһӡ
׻ûлعѾһԶ̧첲˲ϵۣø磬ҰѸ˶ǲɢˡѰҰɡ
ǲɢˣƲŵʵ㶼ǲɢˣǸأҲˣ
صĵͷЩƭƭȵƭӣŸʲô
尵̾һæȥ׷
ҲǡŰɡ
׿˴ҴҵִҴҵߣ޵鶼ûˡǾôˣȥ᣿
Щ˻ûԶһ׷λƺһٶ򣬱׵Ⱥ档
ƿ˿ĳڣ˵졣
Ȼϵͣ½Ų˸ҾôϸҲȱ
˵һư̡ȴЦеĵҲǡүЩҪ㡣
ƵĻ˵꣬Żƿ˳ϵĲЩ棬֮ǰɢɱ̫֮¿йϸ𣿡
һӱòҰף˵ҲЩ״ΡûûС
ƿ⸱㡣ǵǻɣǲ˱˵ĺôأ
˻һǹڵأүûУҲҰҾǺǸ˵Ե˼䣬˭֪ȥˡôһ¡
üͷֻǺƼˮ͸Һ͸¶ʼܣ
ݺݵĴԼһƣⶼң˵ĺԳǴѮģΪǸ½ǵӡûŵģ˵ȥˡ
ԼһʮʮľһϾͷ˺ӡ
æüݳ˰ȥǸһҲ֪ˡ
ͬףһתͷȥ˴¡
Ϊ˹Ű壬Ȼмָ̬֮ҪʳҲס
ھж꣬ԱǽҲ١Ȼ֪ЩֻǿصĻ˵Ҫ䡣
ʵͼҸϵǳʣ֧һˡ年𴽽ǵ
ֻ֪ͷҹϵҲӦҲҡ
һᣬһ˹ĵɾʹӴ˳
ѶΪĿ굹Ǻټ岻ҧأ˵Ĺϵ䣿
̽ͷк½ͣ½͡ء
½ԼԼƼŵˣɫһ˼ǰ֪СүҲڣõˡ
΢ͷʾʺ򡣡ֻŰЩ飬һˡ
΢΢ףԴӰɥ£ԼĳƺԽԽˡ
½һɫǲʲôҪʵģү˵ǡ
ֳһЦݣ½ͣɻǵǸҥɱ̫ӵ˵
忴ϵЦݣüͷ
½ȴûƵģƬ̣ϹϾĴ𻰡Ǹ˵ˣʮͥȾˡܻ߳ǣҲ˼ˡǳŲס
ʮͥȣƾһʮͥȲҲҪ˵ֿ壬үҪҪȥ׷
峤̾˿üĵھҰɣ˵ҵ׹ǡ
ƻǲģһЩ
½Ҳҡҡͷⲻ̫ܡžһˡҪôǵ˹ٸҪô˳ңһֶƽͷոǵġļʲ󡣡
ƽͷľϣڸô죬·߲ͨˡ
½ܷŵȥϿһⲡʵΡ
Ҳ˵꣬ôһӾͶ񻯳ӡ½ҵģмŷ硣
½Ҳѫңȸι̫ʷҪְֻΪΪֱֻ̫ϲˡ
үˡ½΢΢սƵĶԣҪ˲𣬱

 53 

æµһȴʲôûв鵽
ɥľԶŶԵ׷㶡벻, ΪʲôԵô㣿
װһڷǽ⻹ʣȻǲ˺ó԰зó, Ѽó, سҲóԡ
㿴ǿ𣿡ͻȻָŴ
̽ͷŵˡ
ʵƤýⱬҲܺóԡ
̫׾Ȼ֡óԡ
ЩĦŹ⻬棬׵ͷ˿, ǲҲľġ
˵Ҳ, ͶˣһѼе
ҡҡͷȻ, ǻ̫ڣǵļҾֻòһЩүҲڽѲ飬Ҳҵ
΢΢, һ߽Ĳһߵ, ӰǱû𣿡
СѧĹؾʳ޲ĽĶȥſڵˡ˵ʮǰͳ¹ʱϷѹġ֮ǰҲй޶ֻ·ˡ
ʮûȢ, Ҳˡͷ֪ʲô
׽ԸɾĶӡ磬һʮҲȤҪмҪмһ˿ܲˡ
⻰Ҳ, Ӱʱ˵Ѯ޴˾˵˽Сһ˵ôˣƧҲһϾ
ҲòԾˣеĿʵ
΢΢ף˺ܿ˱вϾġһʼĿľΪ˽ӽ
ϧ尵̾һ, ҵ˻ðࡣ
ù׾Ҳûд뿪˼һ˶ǿֹ˵ʲô
վڴ߿ǸӰ̾˿ôĹƲ֪Ǹ˵ûá
һڲˮ, ĿڵҲǴⷨӶԸ㣬϶û˻ɡ
һЦһתҹЩ˯Ҫɽȥۡ
з棬ɷϥãŮǿټ޵ġݹأǷˡȥʹŮȥۡ
ΪŮ죬үݲʰɡͷԥſڡ
嵹ûϣ͵ĸʱȥеľ˺ʶ
峿ƲŽתѾ׺Ժߴߴĳͣ
ϽŶѹҿյҲϹġײ
оݵĵգֲʫϽŲѹôˣǲ²Լͷ
˭˵ġô˵Ǵҳһգһĺá
ֻ΢΢һЦðС䲻ھǳ󣬵Ҳġɲʲô档
ڤ˼˰βµ˵ĸ֣ڶ
붼û룬𰸾ѿڶ¡˵꣬ǣЦĽ磬ô򵥵Ҳֻĳˡ
ţѾʰ׵˳
Ŵֵˣֿ˿һʵʲôء
ŴŴĻһʹҪˡ˵λӺ϶ٴ죬ɽߡ˵ţƳһվףˣҪȥ
ЦɵһڸҲȤһȥҲ˵Ҹѧ㶫
ԷİϿķСɽߵۣǵһ䣬Щۡ
ظƱĵİɣЩѾˡ˵ָָԼµ࣬һء
λھǽԶɽϣ·̲Զֻɽ߻ֻͣɽ¡
۽ôգҪڴפѹһһߵ
ַһѣû˵ȳĴ
̧ͷ۵Ƭ̵ѣΡæ۾˻ʲôš
岻֪óһƿ̫ͣѨͿһЩʮ֣ȵʱ򡣡˵ֽǸš
֮ǰڴˣĽӴս𲻶ϣ±١һܵľӪСʱｫСһ飬ǰݾͰ˾ǣѡɽ˲ܽ
úͽĹҲǺţֻ²֪Ǽ١
Ȼ˵Ǵţʮа˾Ǽٵġ̨ժһߵĹӵ
ŵֲĺԺŮ춼ûֻƵϲ
׸ҧһڹӾͱᵹԺŮΪϻûиΪ
һ·ȻߵҲвٵҰȤһ˲ţֱߵĲ˲ſɽŵĻҰɫשǽ
ǰ۶ŻһͼһŻҲС߳ƽã⼸ձչزѾλźסɡ

 54 

Ϊɽ, ֻΪԺж֮ˡ۾һžꡣС·ϿŴɨĵǾΪԡ
һ˲ǿүݶ͡žסĿͷҲλڵ۶ϽǵĴԺӡڽŵľ᷿
еһһ, ŷ紵ҶҲ
еķʳǿɿ, һЩ彫ʳеľӲ˲ݸƵ
ЦӦһòŴǰǷʳС
ΪһЩؼѼû뵽ֻһʲ峴Ҳءɵ˲֪ζǺüˡ
ζǾǿζһڷϸϸŵ
ײ⣬, ϺĶˡֻҪóԾͳɡ
忴Եĸ˽ԼǷݲźۼƵǰҪȥ￴һ, ҡ
ȻͬסСĴȻҪǺϺܶࡣ˵ԺվŮϵʳҲǵҪϼ
ƿٰķСŽ˸ڵԺ
ƺΪ˱, Ժеʯ˵ſ׻
ǰһŻڣ
, ŵüͷֽ˽Цһ, үѾͬ˵⣬ֻҪһ䣬Ƿ˻ǰ
һۡȻǻµĿ, ʱ巵Ҳֻĸˡϵ˼Ҳܲ顣
֪Ĺǣ˻ֻҪǾͳˡǲǻʲôϵ
ĵǻ, ҪѶ˽¹ģǾͰŻҳ
üͷȻӲãǴ˴βͻȻûǺԭ
ȥ, һԲǲмͬ˵һ㡣
ô棬ƵҹԵøԡ
˼Ƭ̿ڵӦҲڹйһӰɡֱ, һ취ûּٸۡ
Ļ̧ͷòų̾һүӵȷѾˡҲ֮ڡ
ҪʣֵȳйүҲʮҪӡ֪Ѱһӣ͵͵үʳС
˵ţͻȻͣһ¡ŵһһү֪ˡȻˡǸҩö֮ҲͿˡ
ţҲԾֻһδ޵Ĺôá
ٺްţү⵽ѵүҲû˻ˡ˵žӲ˲۽ǹᡣ
벻Ϊ˰жֽţû뵽ȴԭ֮λ˰ȥ
һѹסͷı롣ҲҼүܰɡֻǣû̫ڣҼүҲ˵³
̫ӣƲо䴫ҥԡ̫ӵйء
ҡҡͷⲻܡүȻ̫ߵͣȹңΪһ˽ҪΨһļ̳ˮ
̱ʯϡȥ̫ӹĶǵЩ£ȷڳҲΪ˲ŻӵĻмֿš
ֻǣ̫֮²Ϊ˭
Ҳ˼⡣ٳððôΣҲֻˡ
ɰҲ˵缸Ͷ
ƺ˺һſڡ޹ءʲôɵˡ
˺һȻڡһ˼ҡҲû⡣ֻ˵ġ
Ļ䣬ʹܳһӰɩ⻰ԩˡҲ֪Щ˭ɵġ
ԱһͣĸԼؿڡ
ײ˼ͷָŽֹһˡҲڡ
ǽǵ߷ߵĶ½ţԸĴǿðŽվ˳ֻǿô˻ҡ
ôһ֣Ҳûȥֻܴݷá
ǰȴ㷵ĶӰС ҲһЩӡ
΢΢ףղҲˣ²ôġ
ͻȻ̧ͷ˿ڳһƬ졣²ΪСҪúһˡ
ƻͷԾıԶǣڶࡣ⾩ﻹ˭
˵⻰ֱ̫סԹ࣬ÿһϸڶǣԼҲֻС
˵͵˦˦ͷ뷨˦
˵֮ǰʱѾһ亹ˣ붼ġ
ˡƳ˳ǣǿЦŵġ
ڰԷƵһյƵ͵ڰǰ㶡
ҡҷ֦ݹ᾵֣ͼ
ˡ֪˭÷šŵһ
˭ֱ˲ӣСʵ
ƺĲЦ㷿ĵƻţ
԰ģִ¼һڼϲŴ˷šүƺϲҹΰ
¬ʱˣھʱˡҲˡЩǲǸҹèӡ
ͷ΢΢һЦ̧ͷʱȴһƵģҹľɫȰĿҪÿĶ࣬Ҫһ
ƵǲϲҹĴߣǿֻȴǹʹ˽šɽҰֶ࣬Ժͺˡ
嵹ҲǰʯϡɫͲ̫ã˵ʲô
ļæҡͷûʲôֻɽ֮УЩ¡
嶢۾ãһЩʵĶˣǲϲվɽɡ
һſں˵ɣû뵽ȴȥˡ
ҲءڨЦŵٳţЩӦúʡ
ȴΪ⣬СʱĸΡˣֻΪ˶ſġ
û˻ֻ˳վɽɡֻܲܵȵһٳķˡ
Ϊװ£һټû˯šڶһ綥۵ͳǰ
û˯ûǺͱ˳ͨӿͷ߳Цŵ
ԼĸԼοĸҹһԺʲôϸ
ֻûƣûЦ΢΢˹־һԱ۾
Цԭվ˯ģ۽󿪡
Ź˹ǣԵĺѡá
Ҳû˼ίߣϲҼү֮ǰСڻɷҲһ£˵Ҳ̫һЩ

 55 

ʧ, Ƶ鲻̫áһ·ҲֻǱ۾Ϣ˵˵ЦЦ·ߵĻݺͰա
ɻǵã˵ڻϴʱ򿴼һС˹ġǿԴ֡һ˵һ¯Щ㡣
۵۾С, ̫ǰĲ̶ȥˡҪҿ»Щʱ䡣
üҲЩۡҲ, 㲢ûпǸ˵ӣҲ񡣡
˵ţͻȻʲô˵֪Ūҩӡⷽӹ̫ҽ򲻸Ҹġǲ˻á
ŰζֻһķΣȴôҲ˯, Ϩˡ
Ѿ, ߵѾ߱ǲңȥһʡƵ
˵ͷ, Ҳãɱȥ顣ӰǸ˵ϵɵҲˡ
˵Ǹ˵ˣƻЩƽЩٲҵ˿
峤̾һ, ڻĽҰôסҾɽ, һСĹɽ¾͸ˡ
ûСǸ˵ɣֲҵҲʲʲô
˵ŻһԵ׾;һҲǿ̸, ĿÿҪ˵Ҳ
Ļǲ̫ˡ֪Ļ٣Ҳ
ʼ빴ȷ̫׺ǺһЦ, ͼ°¡ûûУֻżӵ˵
һʲôӵܶЩè竡ݿɲǰ, ǽ
Ҫ׹ֻܶſ֬ǲҪ֮ǰҪͬ˽һҪס
̽ͷ, ȻһٵĹһ֧ıɴһǰš
ô֪ǿ̸ġʵ
һѽָǹŵŮ̸ѾǴĶɫ·ͷϵľҲһĲϡһ۾ϳ
͵綮ÿǶ࣬˭
ֻһʱȤȴû뵽ϸ˼
Գ¹첢˵뾩ʱһƵ٣ؾˡ
ͷͷǵһСһʳдӺ׷Сάǵĸ㣬·ϳԡ
Сά䲻ǵĹӵ˿̸󶼻ö֮ҲЩ⡣
һնȴܲ³ǸùҲôˡ
׵Ļ̌°͡ŴǼ˳񡣡СάһͺƵҵԵڿ̸ټˡ
Ļʲôںټ֮ǰ
ҲӦԼµģ֮ǰͼ
һΪ翪ˣû뵽ںŪˡ
Ҳ˼ͷ˵ԻƵԴӻ˵ҾûгֹҲ֪ˡ
׵ⷬơ˵⾩ò̫ӣ̸λõ
ү
ƵĻ˵־ǿȥ̫һ顣̫֮ǰ̫ڳʩࡣ
ƻûüԼ뷨˵ھĵȥ̫
̫ﵹǱ֮ǰࡣ̫Եʣ̫ҲͺȻˡ
׶һֱҾͲȥˣ̫ˡ
ĸѧѧʦġư˰֣Ȼڳϵǰɡ
ƵĻǴһ㰲ڴߡ
Ȼڳϣ̫ĴǣǺ彻̸ʱȴƽľĺܡ
̫΢΢̫ӳǰʲô¡
̫ƳһһԵƣɫһСүߵ˶ʮŵĹ
ƵȻĳĻ֮Թ־ʹ˱ܣ˭֪ȴסˡ̫˴Ҳỳ
̫۷׵ĺ룬֮Ĳޣ˵˼˭еء
ô˵ҲֻЦЦ̫⻰ԩʥϲ¼ɣǵˡ
̫˵Ҳһ£Ȩټ٣ʱͬ￴ĥ壬Ҫи֮˵Ѳſա
̫˻һү˼˵ݺͼΪΡ
ҲûнȫŪףֻܵҲҪ̫̫ڳǰ˵ʲôʲô
̫۾ϸϸ룬ʲô˵ʲôϷ򲻼ǵˡ̫Ӹļꡣ
Ƶͷ˼šԪε̫ӷտ̫ӡΪС֮³ҲС
ճǲʩ˭⡱ʵ
̫̫Ļǿڶ廹ǿڵҡ㲻Ϸ򶼻ɰɡ
ڨڨӡ̫Ϊ֮ʱ̫ھĸھףһҪ֪̫г̲ǡ
ʩҪڶࡣȶ׵֪˲١һǰĲˮ
ƹı˱ȭ̫̫С֮ɷйϵ
̫ǱƵģһǵͨ졣Ǻ˵˵̫Ѿţ㻹Ĩ˵
Ҳ֪Լʧˣ֢ᣬǲⰸֻԽҡ
һֱ첲ƻ󡣡̫Ҫֻ̫ЩֱӡҲҪʵġ
̫ŰŴ֮ǰҲɹϸ룬̫Ӳĺ֮ˡ
˵ţ̾һء̫ĴҩʳжֽšûССҲ֡


 56 

˶˵Լүûжֽ, Ƕֽŵ˾˭
ƴ̫ʱ˳
̸̫ô׸ɵĵ
ҡҡͷ, ķ
̫Ȼ̫ܵҲ̫ӶĻ׳, ̫ûҲֻ˵ƾȲһ
ԥſڡ̫߻һˣá
˵գͲͣĳʹɫ
ƵȻ֪˵˭ֻǴɽѾãƤѾڴˡհɡǰȥ
˵ͷ, Աߵ׺ȴһͷˮ
˵˭ͷҲһԲ͡
ǿ̸Ƶ
ֲɵ۾ʲô
ЩΪѵüë, ѵҪ˵п̫ϸǿԼҸҪǲ, ܿûС
ﳤ̫֬ߵĺܽƵǰѻ˵˳
׻һɶͷԣѾˡ˵пܾ֬, ӦûֲᷢŶԡ
ƿ۾, ̫ӼȻܽ֬ȻҲз
׻˻Լӣ˵ʲô˭֬, ˭º̫ʲôϵ
̾һ¿ɲԽġ
ô˵ͻȻɭɭʵ, ǿԸҽһ£ô֪֬ΪƵ
еĿһҲ͵´ȡֲøո˵Ҳԭԭ򡣡
ƵŵöƵ
ѵ˵, ȥĿ̸ͻȻЦƽ͹ߵԶԶ, û뵽Ҳȥط
Ƶײȴһ֮ǰʱҲҴŵȥŸһĹ
߻Ͻͣײµķ촽ͶţȴôҲŲڡ
ƾ֪»Լͷϡһḧļοһߺ͵ֻڽϼ˾;죬ԲŴſһȥ
صļϴһȭϷŵҲӢѹ˹أ⡣ڸϣΣ
ɫѾڣͷȥףֻƲһʡ
ҲһֻǿЦƾ׵ĺ⣬ˣˡһȥ鰸Ӱɡ
׻ûɫЦţҲãҵǸˣٰѿ̸Ĺﶼйףһ¡
屾ĻֻһԴӿݺݵĽͣ  ³
׵ֻ۾޴롣ңһȥ԰Ҹϵġ
Ļû˵꣬׾ק˳ʱ䣬㻹Ƕ࿴żҲʡİҪ̽Ϣ
˵꣬͸ʹһɫųԶԶ߿ˡ
ͷôԹˣȥطǾ
Ȼô˵ţ׵ȴЩܡĿڵλã֣ȥ̸ôﲻء
һ·ϣѵðĺܡ嶥һźӳ֮Ҳг
¸УϵżǳӰģдһЩؼȴ
ˡŵ졣
ŰɫֽӳϸӰһ¾ܲµ˭
үѵСĻһЩСˣûʲôһЩθڡ
屾֪Ҳæţ㻹֪һŮҡ
Ļû˵ͱס졣æ֮£ܸоԼĴӡġġµġ
үǽжСĵ㡣ýŽŹ
ɫһƬ졣һڣԺﶼǻϵˡ϶֪ˣʲô
תʳзϣЦŵ˭֪ءд۸ӣǸ˻ûץ˵԰֮Ҳбˡ
忴һʳķˣȻһЩ嵭ʳû÷Щٺòġ
˴ǣźۼ¶һЦݡġ
ƽһʳﶼڵϡڼѧ֯Ů춼Ѿ͸Ҫ˵Щˡ
ҡҡͷķ˿үʣǳġ
Ļɫһֳһ˦ϡ˵Ǹôûг߰ɡҲ
ƿոջһȥĪǱϾԼдȣӵ
ү³Ѿ֪ˡ
̧Ƴһۣˡ
ưԸ̣ҲΪ빴ԵʡȻѾˣǾ͸ɴﵽװɡ
ЦСĵǸҲðѿҲȥԺ󲻻ôˡ
һվָư˵
ΪȴԼܵ¥ȥ
һŮӣ̸ܵȥʲôֻΪ㴩ӵķǾϲңôģôģ֬ôġֻһΪǡ
һ˵һ߶ƲƣֱƵǽ
ƻδ嶯ôŭûзӦһӱס˫硣
סˣǵط˷ݣôĲŻġ
ƿžԼһָԶֻзһֻС¹˫ۣڵȴʲôȴٳûж
أߴһЦڵʲôء
͵˫۾ͿЦڵʲô
Ƶǵͨ졣ڵʲôҲ֪Լڵʲôҡʲôû
Ҫ˵ȴͻȻ촽һȴþû                    
лҪ˵ڸϷˡ
дҲҪˣҲ³˭Ļʹ?



ҵǰһ۲, Կܸˣһ١˫ϡǡ

 58 

֦ͷϵϲȵߴߴĳû, ֻﷳƵĺܡ
㶵ϣ飬ǻϲŭ
ҹɫ̫, ֻһ, ˭֪Ȼˡ
̾һϲȵȴɳš˵ϲȵкµɽ·תء
硣ȹԺܽææĵ, ҹˣ˵ܳȥˡ
ڳ, ʹĶ
Ҳǣʲôϲ¡Ӳ鲻ͷ, ƶҲܶţһԹӿͷ
ִӳóһ鲣飬ָᵯ, ֻϲȵͰųԶ
Ķ, ȻҲ֪ôģܾԼӷƺǿ鲣ӦôԼϡ
ǿһڿˮ, ӲͷƤʵ磬ҹѵˣ
ѵ⣿šüͷӲŲΪѵͶܶ
⻰˭˵ģƵʵ
ɫҲû, ָͷ룬ͥԺɨСˣѾͷ, к˵Ĵﶼˡ
ֻз·𱻶һ޻ƵܡЩû¸ˣӱͷһЩ˸ϳȥ
硣ੲݵ, 㾿ô㲻ôܺ͹ﳳֲһֱ¹졣
峤̾һ޲øղŴȥϲȵá
磬û˵һֱŶͷֹߵ߳ӵ
屻ֵһͷ֡ȥˡ
ҡҡͷɷнµĽ͵ûСϾŮӣӶ˻ȥʲô
ҲǣƤ϶ҪŲˡǲ棬һֱôȥ
㴦ʱеģôȴһϲͨ˫ֲһĿ￪ĻҪҡ
年𴽽һЦùӶࡣܳµĵٵĿǰ˵Ҹô
˼Ƭ̣ϹҹӺŮǰ͸
һ̴ֳֻ棬һʵⶼǿʲôӡ
һЦЩӶǽֱߵСģҰʷС˵㲻ϡ⡭ҵĻӣҲˡ
ЦһԭȻ֪֪Щڵˡ
ҵҼǵҵԶһϷӵĽ̵ġ
һ־֪ԼѾ¶ˣֻܰǹ
硣Ͱ˵ȥ֤Ὺĵġ
ȻС嶼ٽӴŮӣҲָǾֺǺǵĹ
ֹѾС˹ԸŰԷЩȥ
ȵȡ忴ŷææµµʮüͷֿ˿ԼǻϲҲû˵ʲôػָֻһȥһի·ȥƵһݸ㡣
ϰ䣬ųҲ졣ϣǰϻ
߱˸գǱȴԺӶˡ
ҹ·̫ͻȻûӦȵٻعʱѾվԼԷˡ
оᣬ֪⻹⡣ҲΪһû˯
ûͨԵʣƵģѹ˴ߣ򿪡΢˿泳µģڰᶫ
ӰᵽԺȥ͵ǰһŻҲѵĻָСǽһ˶ӰԷ
һҹδߣʱЩ޾ɡȦʵôˣ
ԱȭһĵСүðĶ˵ţӱóһľʳС
ǻɵĴ򿪺ӣһɷ˵ζ
ǽүȥķˣƵĸ㣬۵ի˵ţʳ֮ĸ㡣
ƿʳеķˣǱһƵĸ㻹˵ȴڳǽġ
ͷˮԺææµµˣ֪ʲôһС˾һе޳˹ЩƥҲүԸġ
ǰĸɫۡɻţҲԺӡôˣĸԱ񣿡
ƽüͷʼûôһء
ǸͻȻɤӣĿڵҹ
Ļ³֣ʹСġҹ֪ˣ
֣صĵ˵ͷƸǼﶼ˺жǿ϶֮áպǱŮǾ಻ˡ
Ҳȥһ࣬ļ򿪽Ҳʲô˵£ǰУʱҲǾġ
Ļŵð˵ǡҲй
λһȻǰ˭ûСүĹѪͷ
ֻԼԭأӲĳһЦɵҲ鲻ˡ
ԭ˵¡ҹ֪ʲô
ʵЩ㶣Իͷ⡭˵ҹСүѵСôˣ
ѵ⣬ԭֻѵ⡣Ƶһ˵ءԣֻѵ⡣Щ
ЩȻ𾴣æ񡣡ⶼСүġ˵ǶǸ⡣
ƿԺӽӲӵıﵹòʳ塣һŽŴŴģǿɿڡⶫǸҲ˵Ĺȥ»ǵûĺá
վһԵǺ֪Ƶĺһѵˣôѵ㣬㻹Ǻһ  ɡ
ҪƵĶ ʱǲܵġȥһ˵Ҳûʲô
첻˵Ҫѿ̸ĹȥӰɡ
ŤŤһԸӡʲô㲻ٵļµһѹ١
Ӷǲ鰸£鵯١һߣһȰ㸮ֲܣҪ
˽߳԰ƼһʻһλɫŮӴɴӳ
𾪵ӣЩ˼ĵ


 59 

̸һĵĹ, ݵĹǲͶ˽ġ
Ļӳ԰治ġ
Ƶӣ͵˼ҹ, ˼׷ˡ
Ƴ, ǻװҲĹӡͿ̸Щ󸹱ԱȲ֪˶١￴Ҳǳе¡
֮ǰ׿ǵЦ䣬ڿȴĲС޲ðЩˡ
Ҳע⵽񣬻ǼĶ, Ҳ⡣ӯӯ°ݵ, ڲ̫ӵ£ݷá
ݿ벻λ, û뵽ȴԼš
ЦŽţҪȥˡ
׿ϴЦ, ֻƵĺܡ޲ȥֿ
˵, ȴƼ˷·ʽһԽԽԶԼҧ˺ҹܲ㣬Ȼ˹㡣
˵žת¸ȥ
¸, СҪЩʲô׾ͷĴšø磬ˡ
, 嶼һ㶡
ˣӿ̸ˡͱˡ
Ҳ۾²ȥ, Լ˵һѺֻ֡ǣô͵ˡ
һһ, ҭһ仰Ҳ˵ֻҡͷҡԼŵġ
üͷԼΪΡ
˵Ļᣬ̵˵Ź̫ӵ顣
ĻոأѾܳԺӡ
ôˡԼԴһԵʵ
һҸȻǲĹң㣬۶ס
һԺӣҲԺӵĽ鱦סۡġ
ƶЩûʲôȤԸС˰ǰȥСүġ
һЦȻݹأȴûó衣ЩĶҲС
ү۲ŻЩѵõıһ˫ۣЦеĵ
ھд򽻵˶࣬ȻҲֻ֪ǿ׻΢΢һЦš
˸ոԺ
΢΢һЦ˹֡
عͷ˿һֲ¡ʲôҵݣ͸𣿡
ԶԶһۣ£ûһߣֻһԶλˡ
ʹͷ΢΢һЦ֪Сүڲ̫ӵ顣֪
һ˵һ߸Ĳ豭ЩˮԹݣǲվġǴ¹ش󣬻֪޲޲
￴űеĲˮһڡ̫ȥݵȷЩΡ֪̫֮ܲӶжԵЯ
ϣһˮожв²⣬С̫֮һֲ߻Ǵˡ
Σʮϸڿ̸֪²̫ı
Լͷϵͷóһذ׵ֽдμ֣˼ע̸ĹԱҳСĻָʹ
̫Ϊɲظ
ȻھǼּ꣬Ǻ˽⡣ֻ΢΢ɨһ۾͵ݸ塣
ϸϸĿ˳׵̫ӵıʼ
̫Ϊǻ˭Ƴͷڤ˼˰ҲҲѡ
ԴҲǲ֪ڿ̸˺ܾöûǴ˲̻ǽ͵ͨ
м̫ߵС˹̲ס
ĻǺǺһЦҲ˵ˣֻǸСˡҸһĺŪȥҲ¡
˵ֵֹܾġ
̫֮£ʲô˵ġ
ЦĸʵүǰȻСڰϰ䣬ǰʦǰ֮ʮ꣬ôֻ̯ˮ
嵱ȻһֱŰɱ̫ӵֻ֡ǿû֤ݣҲ̫ˡ
ɲܿ˵ƾһⰲ֮ǰҲһװŲŵģʵ
ս˲豭⣬ʲô֤ݡֻ̫Сǰͬ˵⾩ǵҪˡ
⾩ǵȷǱˣұϢ
һһ⡣ָŲ豭ıڣƽڡôġ
΢΢һЦָԼաҼȻء
˵ЩҲ֪Լûȥɣ΢һϥ͸ˡ
СǺϲɰǰһЦŵ
ǺϲԹжЩݻŨЩֻֻЩҩģζȴĺܡ
һ˫۾ǵĵСϲЩ
õĺáԶϢߵƵࡣʲôˡ
ͷ˻
۾һգգĶһ³Ļ⡣죬һȥһ飬һʼе

 60 

嵣ûʵ, ҲǶȫȻšû̫ӳ⣬ҲһЩ
үǵ˵Ĳʵʵ
û˵ץƵ, ָᴥϵ֮ǰѹ, ֻΪ̰˯ڶŸȦ˵㶫
ƶ֮᪻һֻ֪˵ǣΪʲôҪң
ҡҡͷ, ֮ǰ̫, ϳ֮󣬿ҡϾһЩҽҲǲҴŵ¡
㻹ҪѧԼ, ΢ʲôҲ
忴һۣüͷղŵĻ©, û𣿡
ϸ, ǾﲻԾȴ˵˵ǾЩŤֻ˵ˡ
΢΢һЦĶͷ˯, ļʧߡͷ
õ󣬸ǶСӵĳ硣
װŶǵͷͷֹʹȴҲʹж
Ȳ˵彫ֱ, һһС˵ֻ֪ôֻ֪ԶԶƼ˵, ûпء
΢΢ףҲǡô˵, ǲеġѣ
ȡֽð˵ּҲѣǲ̫֮ۡǣطҲЩ˵塣
Ļüͷĵطδ
üģҲ̫ףǸԥݵһˣ̫ӵˣ̫ΪҪ֬ӸȳǣôĸԸסġ
һ绪ˣдĽ˿ȸҲ벻
ԣҪдŵԭ򣿡Ƶ
΢΢ͷϿ϶ܣ⿪ʼ˵ᷢʲô
ŵ˵ͷȴ֪˵ʲôáһʱ˿Ժ߰ĶһԲ
Щϲģ島˳ǣһ
˵ƵЩ档ֺñˣ˵䱦ķʽˡ
⣿üëǿ
ȷ⣬ԸŲôֻĲԡƷֹȴû뵽ԼʲôѶˡ
Ǻгʳɻ⡱ƵӣЩɺûʲôȤǶЩԵȴϲ
Ƶ˵ͷƵĵǾһһСά˶ҵۣǳԺȲˡֻǲ֪ⶫǲǻᷢЩ»Լˡ
һ˵һߴʳóһ۱Ž
忴һè˴ǡƵĶײβҵǸˡ
˲վ˵Żղŵ϶һҲˡ
ͻȻһ紵æͷֱ۾
ôˡһֱͣŵ
ûʲôǿһֻ۾۾ɳӣһͺˡ
ϻմŸոճԹǣ϶಻ġ
һܻ
磬ôְŪˡһ߶һȹܹ
Ƹոջ۾һˣֻǺͮͮģ޹һƵġ
ҡΪԼ䣬ȴóСĸƲᡣ
磬Ϊȥ¥ǴɲءΪŴȥġһȻģ
ʱ¹ֲ̣šͬһܽһֱǾηмӣֻ¹һҲѵĺá
͵ס죬ΪʱɫѾ
ȥġ۾һѹ̧ͷǺ֡ǻӿˡӽ쿪ʼҿŮŮ¡Щһȫյ
˵꣬ͷ뿪
ŵᶼʼתڶҵĻˡ
Ʋĵקק֣СĽ͵ʵֻˡ
ɥһƸϽ߰οĻȥıܣͿ޳ɡ
ǿˮ͵һ±ӡûõġһǸϽЩܲؼ㼸

 61 

ϵȷ˷˼ĵط
¸鷿, ָͣĽֺֽϡ
룬ȥһ˿̸ȽϺáƿר־дż忪ڵ
̧Ƴһ¡ҪЩʲô
ƽֽǰ㻹ǵκ﷢̫ӵšֽαģǷǲҲαġ
ͣ˱̧ͷáôϵһġ
Ķ, ȥ̫, 㶼Ѻ̫ӵìܷŵˣ̫ӻʸڷϡ̫û¡
ϸһµʱ龰̫ӵȷ뷴ֻԼѾΪ, ˵ʲôˡ
²̫Ϊ, Ϊʲôءһ塣
Դ嶪ǸľҲ֮ǰ˺ܶ, Ҳࡣ
ʹ̫ӡ岻Ŀڡ
Ǹ˲Ǽƻһеˡͬ
΢΢һЦһ߳һ߷ԸСȥ
ߵſھͿѧżϣֻľڵϱȱȻʲô
Ƽ, ۾˼֡ȥġ
, ĵһ䡣̸󡣡
һһƨżϡƫģҵЩıҪԹ
ֹ߶, Ҳ̡ѰŮӿЩϷĵûʲôġԼڼҲȫǿġʫ
ļ򣬰οŵЩȫյˡ
̾˿һֻľ˴ĳŵϵɳʯЩ, ̫ˡһͷˡ
˵žͼСƶܸҴõˡ
ͷ, Ǻһͬšû߽̾ͱץ˻ȥ
ҡƵĸ첲ŵһΣҲࡣ粻ᷢ֡
˵ͰЩһı, ʲô𴫣ӣѰμǡ
ǲһԵ¼ͻȻһƸϽ˳ȥͼһ˫۵
ڵ֡ûҪԵ¼͸ˡ
˵ŷӦӲĻعͷСղû˵ɡ
˵ҡƵ첽ߵǰ˴ĶͷǵӴű˰Ͱڷ
˵꣬һ
߷ߵĳıӰ˹סƵֵҸŲΪȥ̸ء֮ǰһȥϷԺΪҴȥŷҡ
ƲԣºʲôǣҪѯʣϵȴЩͷĵ˵ʲôأٲſ̸Ҫӭˡ
˵ҲĲɣ첢ڸС
̫ߵĲִ١֮Ϊ˱סּŽ̫ᡣĹû޺áӣ̫޽ղ㽨ꡣ
̫ɣҲ˳ơǰȥΰˡ̾˿
΢΢ףתȻˣǿɷ
ȻҷԡֻЦŵȻȻСүܵˣ̸⡣
˵žҪǰ·˻֣ˡˣԼȥҲҪ̡
ûУɻȻ¥Ůӣδͬó뷿ʵڲ̫档
үⲻ̫ðɡΪѵĿڡ
¥ߡ㲻ǻʱÿԲһ顣̸󣬿϶֪ǣȥ
Ѳ鷿䣬ҪǱ֪ˣҲĺõȥ
̸ĹԽסԽߡݵȻסڶ㡣ûϵⶥ㾹Ȼ䡣
ĸԷǰʵ
Ҳ֪ļһֻһôƫƫ̸ȴ䷿
ȻǷֿѡߣұߡĴ۾һ޹
ЦһתߵǼ䷿һвԣͺҡ
صĵ˼ͷҲһš
ⷿװι£ǹķ鷿
ƴôһƾͿһ湩ŵ㰸˵㰸ûйŵҲû˵λ
￴ֻǼӺͺľκеζûм֧յģӵҲš
ִһֻӣһذףĸġ
ϸĿ˿ܣһЩƷҲûʲôˡЩɥһԵϣ̧۾ͿϵһҶзŵĸ㡣
Ƶĸ㡣һŽһζɢȥ֮һЩζ塣
ɽ髡ҧһڣζˬ
Ƶĸ㣬Թ٣Ǽɽ髵ĸҲֻɽ髸⡢ɽ髱Ҳû
ţžͱˡһٵĹơ
ǸСάĹһپžޡ
˭ƣЩ˫ͷϵһֻӣŵĶ
ﴳһˣһˡҿ϶ҪһЩӴ̹ѾǺõˡ
һЦŴҽġǣ˷䣬ͻ˹Ǹ
Сάô˵Ҳַſ˷ֻӡķߡ˵ž֣һơ
㰸ô£ôҲ΢־Ϳ첽߳˷䡣
үƸƿžͿϺŲ裬浯һѹ١
˵̸ټСάٵǵһⲻ׳ˡ΢΢һЦԣСά˶㡣СӦü˰ɡ
ӲͷƤߵߣεĵǼˡպһһˡ
ҲЦ⽫еĲݸԲ˵ҲҵĴֻЩ棬û뵽ͻ˼ˡ
巢˻ȻҲҶ˵ֻ΢΢һЦֵͷר־ĵ١
ү˿̸ܣС㷢ʲô
彫ʳָڴһǽжϳ˵˵ţ̧ͷһۿ̸Ķ㡣
˳Ŀ⿴ȥȻЦſǡȻЦС飬ܾϷ
˼ڿ˵˰ɡ
óһֻƵϡ
ƾȵŮм֧ôˣ
ҡҡָϸõҿصĴҡ㶮ˣ
¶ͷɾʵ˱ˡС֮йأ̫֮ҲƲ塣

 62 

Դ֪Ǹָʹ֮, ҲʣµĹࡣûͷӬƵת˷ͺòࡣ
СţүȥһС˹ӵ
Ʒеĸ, ˲ߵҸС¸
Դڿ̸󳢵Ƿݸ˰ȫĸ㶼˻ϧǸζ
¸, һżһһ顣
үһߵߣϸˡ
Ҳûдʲô޷ǾǰҡһжܺãеҲһ, ĺܡ
ƽŷŻԭѵ, ֬˵ڼС
ҡҡͷִóһš⡣
ƽӹżϸĿˡ͸ղǷⲻͬ, д֬ؾǰʧ١
ʧ١ƾȵôɡ
ôôɣ֬ķ 
̾һ, ողŻóӰתȥġ
һֲĿһ飺һ˽, һҹ˴ܡûգֻص¥
ôһûʲôӱңǺ˽ǷڽŶҲǲܡ
֬һ, ˵˵Լ
ǳӰšٿóһš
ùţֻ֣
ЩԼ۾ʧɫ, ˡ
˵ͷдŸԥݵ֪ݣȷ֮ǰ̳һŮʬʱѾ, ˭û롣ֳ֮һʬ
ʬ塣Īɺ׾ǡʵ
óзŵıͣڱšǹ¶, ͽıڣʬĳӰѾȥˡڵһȾס
ڷⲽô˵Ǽ˭֬˵ûˡ
һķš˵
ƵĻֻ˵һ룬ô￴˳һҲܡ
۾Ƭ̲Ѿȥˡ˵ĸ·ϾģϸЩҺ㾡ľķϣֻǱô۾
ǸĿˡǴ»ˣһҹʣһ涼ǰ㡣
ҪƵĵ˵ﻹҪһЩ
ҡҡͷȲȳӰ²꣬˵Ҳ١
Ϣ̫𾪣һ춼̾ͣ
ôˡƶ棬ŻѵҲյİ֮
ƿǰõŮֻЩ̡ҲǣЩܡ
ɵֵĻ׵ݸܣõİ취ҳȥţЩҲ
ץһŻӽ̲ס̾˿
Ϊ·Ǳ׾ͷĽ԰
İӲôһϣε
˵£ͳѾüĿˡٵһȡ
Ҫȡһ֪Ⱥϳ巵Χ˸ˮйͨ˵Ҫʳ飬˵ҵ²λ
ſҲ޿κΡҲûа취һһҲǷʱ
ҲЩͷΪ˻ӵ¼ݣֱ׳ͷۡסɣΪ°ѳӰɳȥˡ
˵ӰʲôʱӰڣ¶ȥ̵ˡǰֲ
׻һô鵽˶٣Ⱥ͸ʽףҲи
Ʊĥûа취ֻܷŵðɣðɡҺϸɱһԹģˡ
˽нԶѵĻ׶ˣֻʣһˡ
ͻȻһ¶ͷ԰ҿûҽܱڸźá
߸ߵĹǽڣһһŵĹԱ糺ɫĹٷڵ巵⡣
Щ˶ּġŽ˵
׵˵ͷ֪жͷ˰ɡһҪҵƤƵġ
ô˵ţµٹپͶͶ˶ݺݵĿ⡣
Ʋһڿˮ⻹ǰСҲ֮СԵǮɱ˸ĸ̫ӡǻΪۣЩ˿ɶй֮ôࡣ
Ŀ߽巵һھͿԬŻϵı
̶಻ࡣҲȫȻû֮ǰϣһͨˡ
ʡׯص˸񣬿첽ǰһԱõҩι
Ƽ򵥵񣬾վһԲҶ
Ͽ˺һóӲ˲ǡ˵˵鵽ʲô
ƹ˹֣ͷʮǫĵ˳̫ӵľɲ鵽ģı֮ƺ̫ӵĲ¡С̫֮֮йء
üͷ̫Ӳǲ߻һֻһˡиŪȨߡ
΢΢ףǣֻֻܵĲ飬֤ݻ
Ҳ²ף¶޲ߵ齻ѾΪˡֻǣ˶ڱҲûӵ¡
ץɡϽҩһ־ԬֳһǲŵҲ·ͷۡٹЩӣ¹ҪǰҪ֮ǰ°á
˵ţתͷ˿ǰס׵ļ򣬴ȰЩίˡǱ̿ʹɱȴֵǽСڵЩӣ˾޾͸֪²Ϊ̫ӡ
ײŲںʲô̫Ӳ̫ӵġ˼⣬ܱ˰οﻹǺõġ
ʣ¹ʹ˶Ѿ׵ˡ״ǰһŲӣϵ
Ͽ˿Цŵͷ㣬Ҳġ
ô˵ţеĹȴ˰ΪӵܣıһҲֻǸӡ岻ͬǻϵֶսܴĸ潫м̳лλĿܡ
ӵأ¾Ͳһ׵ˡ
˵ķػԥݡϿŵȻϲ£޾ͽķȡھǰɡ
һνϾѾڲ߻ˡû뵽Ƕ㲻
ƳһƵı飬æҡͷҲáϲø磬ҲءǸ˸ңѰҾͺá

 63 

ԽԽ, ʹǿ˶ҶҲʼƬƬҶˡ
ϡƺߺԬһĳݡ׶ƺЩһ㰡
һԵϱ۾˼ֻ׶Ҳмӡ
Ԭһ, ס촽׶֮ðɡ
Цſǿĸ, ǸŮ㿴
ԬŷӦһ߸ϵһߵֲҵһ;ʮԭǸ
Ĩؿڻ˻, Ǹù, ܸɴպһܺúø׶
Ԭ˵ͷ, ˵ҡѵǽ׶ǰ䡣
ϰ˼׶δȢףôһҲͲѧˡ
ϺԬ巵պģˡ
׸ȴҴ, 
Ƶ, ֻǾĺѾڰȨˡͲЩ뿪Щȫ
ûУֻЩΪСүġ
ƽĮ, Сֹš˵ĺ¿һ
û˵ʲôҲʡСүλġ
ƾðһ仰һôô˵
̾һҲ֪Ӻν, Ҫ¸׽һǲ
ûʲôֻҪס仰ͳɡ
԰ɫĴ⣬վںɫĵ¿ԭ߽
˵, ˣ֣˳
Ƶ˵ͷͻ˵˻Ự, ôˣ
忴źգ̾˿ûʲôڵĹԱڵҵܵǣۡ
һ˵ţһ߰ԼϵĳƵļϡˣעⱣů
ں濴ҵˣ﷭һ⡣ˣȴôôޡ
Ͽɺ˵ʲôʵ
ƽ˽ŵĳȥҲûʲô޷ǾǴҿЩ顣
Цһ˵ⰸӣҵЩҪͬ㽲
̧ͷӰϢˣǹģ
΢΢ףʮǰս㻹ǵðɡ֬ǲñǵġ
ǸʱҵĺܡҴܣѰһ֮븸ĸ߶˱Ҳ˵Ĺȥ
ƻһͷˮǸʱ֬շѧաȻ󣬾ͱ̫ӿϣѡ̫Ӹ
ƻץסص㡣ôˣ
ͣ˽Ų۾㲻ûūҪһд䡣
˵ţʹӻóһŵӣӡŻ¡
֬ƿһ֬־ôóģ
΢΢һЦ͵ֵӳһţٸҲҪһšҴӻȡġ
Ƶ˵ͷù˿Щֽдװס˵ģҲǻһûоסҲ꣬ˡ
Щдĺϸʲôף̧ͷɻʵ
ʳָָָһꡣ⡣ʮǰ֬߰꣬һСӼǵüھȴǲׯס
Сӵļ䶼ǴӽԼߵĿʼׯ¼Χϴȴǵôׯĵټ
ǹӴġĵȻһֳֻ°͵
ҡҡͷģǴһЩߵ·ˣЩȻĵˮ©Ψһܽ͵ģݻǺĵġ
ƲŵƲƲ졣ʵЩˡȲ˵ļҪˣЩԱҲҪ´㲻١
ү֤ݣƺЦʵﾻǻɡ
ͷҲϷʡĻûסūͽΪֹԱӡһҪȷס֮ܿǰס⣬Բű˸ġ
뾩ʱǸ׵ģҲѹ֪Щǰ˵Ļʲôˣ
治ɫļ˵λȨءλȨص˺¶šΨһ˻ɵķǻԼˡ
ĻǾΪ˸һŮӵĻ֬һпҳĻ֮˵˿
Ҫȥһ𣿡ʵ
ͷ˼˰βſڵǲ顣ȥʹݾˡ㲻ڴʶȥá
Ҫ̲֮ͬϣȥ鰸ֲ֮ᱻΪѡ
áƸɴӦվͬ½˵ŵģһǡ
ĵȻȫ׶ڵһԡ
һԹĶǰˣһӼ֮䡣˵ô죬һڿˡȥȲɡûԣһҲˡ
˵Ƶ֣ȴݺݵĴһֱ˷Լȥͤ
ıȥƾʲôͿԶֶšǿŶӹĽ
үƻعͷ˿һ߷߲ƽףỽһѾջķˡ
ƱΪϢû뵽ȴһƵģʹõ£ΪЩӷ»˲ʱ䡣
üͷз磬ô϶Ϊ·
ҲعͷʯסһֱޱǸϡȴҲǻĵһ
ģ԰գԹԱȴֵܡңյλԣⲻᱻӡ
Ҳеĵǣ˵֮Աơȴ˵öϲŭ֣֮ν顣ĸ
ոջ۳ô˵ˡƻĻ磬ֻһ˵ӡ
˿ĲɣʵԶ񣬶ֻһ˵Աⴿӣ㻹̶¾ͱһĺĵ𣿡
ȻǵĻȴֻһ֪⡣
ǿֹ˵ʲôأ𣿡Ųӣһ˵ͳȥƴļơ
ƻһЦû㣬ڿ㡣
׿أԳ񡣻Ϊҹ¹࣬۾Ź⡣
ǹͺˡСֹš

 64 

ڶһ, ƾڴ¶½͡
õˡ½ͽͷϵĹñժɫҵľϡ
ƳԱæĵһ˻֣һ档
½ЦЦȤŵҪ˿, ôֻ棿
ƽһԼ, ŵǰЩӣǮȥˡֻһˡ
½ҲһЦϵĿӲ˲ͼŽ
ʲô󣿡½ͽ¶ʵ
ƺһ, ĵҲ֪ڲ̫Ӻ, æһ˵Ļ
˵žͰ֬ĻϡЩ⣬Сү´ݾ, ֻ֡
½۾սЩȷĵдҲ˵Ĺȥ, ᱻΪѡ, ҲиҪȥһˡ
Ӧĸɴ࣬ҲЦŴͳͭ塣
⡣˵ͽСؼ
½Ϳͭ壬Ц, ղŲ˵ûǮ𣿡
ƼһؼЦЦͭ塣ûˡ
򵥵ĳ緹½;Ź˴µĴšƻĵڽй䡣
ۼžҪˡȻ겻, Ǻ̫ų¹ǰݷõԭ򣬽ϵҲֵġϾҪչֳǡ
վڽֱߵ̯λϰŪһЩСԶԶľ˳ڵϹ
ʮһ, ĳ
ļҵĹҪţƵֹһ䣬ȴСĶ
ǳ¹ʹСһԵĵʮǰ¹Ժ, ⻹ǵһ㿴ǳװĶǳ¹䱦
ȥȻװŵĴССС
¹ɽɽпʯҩࡣ¹ɽɽеĴ󲿷ְղұ־βҽʦ˵¹ĺӶһβֶΡ
˵ҩģƲ֪ôľͷ
˵ͷȻϡҩĶõв᲻֪ôƽ޹ʵİҩ
ͷžһƬŮĺ
˰ӯû뵽쾹ȻҲܿⷬ
ǸڰϵʲôˣŽȥͼһڸͷϡ
Ŀ罣һ˫һ۹ǵĳԵĹǶЦд󵨵
ǳ¹үгº⡣СעǸˣĿڵڳ¹ҲǸһɢүҲ̰档
۾ǰСЩûעо̷Ȼô
Щ㵹ƴץ˰ѹʵ
СźЦЦЩϴģ֪ȻͶˡ˵һЦĿĹӵСӣӳһ
˵¹үΰӦסʹ󡣵үȴ˵࿴оɫסվ
¹үһǵһǽԺȻϲվڡһʼҲû룬ʱδʹҡڵĽ˿̸ŲףүҲǷġ
ҹƹѲ֮󡣳ºһžƺббĳɽ԰ߡ
ںյǸŮº۾ſǰǸһѩ׵Ůӡ
ЦһһƨһԵʯϡû뵽걻ΪСŮȴֻ¥Ҹĳ̸Ļӡ
˵žҡҡλεվһģ˳Ƶϣֲֵİϡ˵Сʱ򻹶ء
̧صĸһƣ΢΢һת㿪ˡ¹ϣ¶Լ毺õݡ
ºСﱻ˴¾ͼ㾹ҴҡǼˣȥ˴Ļʵۡ
ЦһһҲȥǰ״үˣǿһϵơҪͱȥˣүҲùɡ
⻰º΢ѹһԵļɽơƵĵãǵǵԼ
˵̧ҪߣȴסүǵǵԼǡҰϻλҹȡ
º࣬ҲۡҲֻһǳ˵ĻҪ
΢΢һЦǺĻش𡣡үҷģ¹Ļλģ
º֧ƺվһһĳŲԶС¥ȥһѾˡ⣬ҿɲ㡣
ϵ΢Цһ˲ıүİɣǴԼҲҪᡣ
ɫڣ̧ͷϵˮ⡣
֬СάӼɽ߳Ŀڡ
֬һס֡գۼ䣬ˮ˳Ѿ鵽ˣһҵӣˡ
ȻţȴһȻģ
СάǲᣬҲ֪Ǹ޷֡ȥ鵽ǵͷϣõİ취ס塣סõİ취ǰ̫ӵƵϡ
֬ʣµѾˡʶҲ㶼סСάҲᣬΪѵĵ
̧֣֬ϵȥ޶ɷĺһܳɴ¡Щ޽ǵģҲҪǵá
Сάŵͷ޽Ľ̵һֱﲻ֪ǸºҲǸֵиˡӲţǻҪ
һ紵ķ˿ҡ֬ޱߵͷ𵽶󡣡˼թοҲлҵơˣͳ

 65 

С, ׾Щᡣ˵Ǽ磬һżӵС
ǰǵŴаβ˿ӣȴ뱻һקס˼
¡ŵ´, һȼºһյľƱ
εûк, һ̧һ΢Цǻҷ緶
Ҳ˵λԶү¼ȻҲǸ첻ߵĽɫȴû
ЦŰѾƱ͵ߣʲô⣬үˡ
˵, ͷ˱еľˮ, ۾ȴһֱӡ
඼֣û˻ϯϵķ˵֮, ׸ոǶۣǰ󱳡һȥθյۡ
ºϷŹΪΨһѡ, Ȼܸٵĺô
ǲ𣿺һϯˣºϷſ, ȴʮֲơ
Ƿǰ̫ӻĻ⡣ͷֻܰһһƺ¶ǡ
ȵº뿪ʱѾſڰϻ˯
׺һҲ֪μʲô, ͬϯ岻֡
һݺݵİˤڵϣΧ˵Ŀ⡣
Ǻˡһλ糺ɫٷ̿ڵү, ˰ͻȥ
Ȼô˵˺ôϵĶæҵĳһĺһڴϡ
ſ, ˣҲˡҴȥ
⻰æĵͷ, ǾͷСүˡ
岻æߵߣõƵ档˵ãֻ̧ʣµԼߡ
Сһֻ۾ҲĿ֮¶˵һ֡΢΢˵ͷֱ۾
Χ׼˼ϡ
ŽƵһԡúõģôװ
һַԼĶͷֺŵҪڴȥֻܺųˡôġ
年һЦԹԵǰšʱĻ߶ű֣϶һԵ˯ȥˡ
Ȼװģӵȷǰ·Ҳǽ鸡ⲻΪ˸һ𣿡
һֻתͷԸԼҵС˰̤
㲻 Ҹʲôüͷʵ
ںߴϽϳ յģ԰ζҶﶼǾƣԵˡ
ľֻ³ȴôĲֻ֡һΣһΡѻǿ˰ɡǳƤԡ
Ӿǵ԰ȻҪƵǰ֡ƽʱ϶һƬڡڵԵʣĳϵõġ
硣ͻȻһŮӵ
΢΢ƼһŶñĹվԱߵһòС
ƴȫż˹Цŵô⡣
ƽϵİ˱Ųܸ壬Լ򻰱ӵġ
˼˰βſڵڣȻˡ
忴ҲƣװͿȻˣҲ乻˰ɡһͬȥ
ԼŵİһᣬЦǰΧˮйͨģߵҲѡǻŻȥ
䣬ʹ˳ĶЦŵ˵ҲǣǾ߰ɡ
ڨڨԼıӣǰʯͷԼĽšһֵסԼĳʹɫ
ƵȻ˼ֻҲûзӡֻӲͷƤĽŲǰš
ȻԸⱻ£ҡҡλεķǣȵҡ
Ǿƾͷ˵ҲǺ塣
Ƴһۣġ㻹ϵŰɡ˵ž˳ƽĶݸֹšҰغá
Ҫ׻Ӧʣոպ˾ơ׻˵׳˵ʱ
˰֣ǰ˳ϡҪŰ
һʱƣǸĵֱ߲·ȴҲ޿κΡֻܵһָȥ
Ȼϵ˶࣬Ϊ׵һĽ»Ҳû˸ҳײʱ͵԰Ĵſڡ
Ը˼򵥵ˡһţæȥ
ȴ˻֣ԵɵɵķС˵ֳǰߡˣеͷȥ˯һ
ƿӺǺ˶پơ
üëľ㻹֪¹ү˼ͳˡ
׵ľ֮ǰҲʶǸһ
ͷ΢΢һЦ˵үľǲ
ľ䲻˵ǧҲ׺ϺܶࡣٱҪЩ
üͷ˵ĺúõģôת
ˡ年˴ǣ˹һǵһ˺ͳӰڳȾƣǱ̧ȥġ
˵ﲻ죬ȴ͸һӵ٩ľ
һ졣ҪͰ⵵׵ˡ
Ӳĳ˳ǣŹǳӰɣľͲá
ǰɡֵĺգӰòƣҲ֮Сȴ̧
һһĴ̫ǲ㴰ֽ
ⲻһҪڷͼܹ
ɱˣɱˡһһߴ죬ҡ
ֻΪֳʲô۶ӣ׼䣬ȴһѳǰʶ΢΢Ž㿪
ô¡ƾ긦ؿڵ
ҲɶͷԡղŻҪȥ˯ˣôᱻ̿׷ɱ
룬ղǱĽʹǰι׷ȥˡ
ȻСżøҲû赶Ūǹһֻܵȥ
ڽҪļʱͳһöӣָ΢΢˵󴦡
һ䲻ϵʹͻȻʧֽ˳ȥ
ױһŵڵһһߴһ߰߰
׵Ȼ֪Ӧöİʹϡֻܶ
Ȼɸ֣Ҳûа취ֻԶļɽܡ
ȵ۰ʯڽ԰ʱ˲ٻҲױ˷ֻ֣ҪԺѲͿƽ
ƽװһѨҪߡ
ɡøѧ书¡קס䣬
ΪŻˣıֲһ㣬ûæүҲŲס
׻ǲģԾקŲֻ֡ＵʡʶƵƴؾǵҲô󣬺Ц̵壬ֹµ塣ڣ̿͵ԼĵĻ塣
û˼ʲô˦֣ɽȥ
ĽšǴ̿Ȼݵּڹʲôû˵塣
ȥҲǸ취ʱ䡣԰ĻÿʱѲһΣʱδʱǿʼѲʱ
һ߽ΧĻˤڵϷѾߣһ߼ҴҵĳԺȥ
Ǵ̿ע⵽ƣϵת˷̹
ƴȫȥȴҲע⵽һķ֪̿;󣬵һͷ»ͷʱ¾ˡ
ǧһ֮ʣһһӰֻһ졣

 66 

ɫ֮, һӱơϸϸĴţ˿ס˫ۣȴҲǰһĻ
Ӱ, Ҫ˵һԾ, һסƵһȫĵط
úöţܳʲô΢䡣
ϸ鿴ϣ˲ųһȥˣڲҪˡ
еĵ̫, ЦšԭҲҪⲻҹ, ʶˡ
ƿŲԶˣüͷ
Ǵ̿ΰС, Ӱ㰫һͷǼҲӵϸ
Σ㲻øŮԥſڡ
䣬Ӱý˴̿͵ɴ
ƺԼ۾
Ҳüͷ, ûעȻ书ϰ仹, һӯһֱΪڽ̷˾ѧġ
ѲĻҲߵ죬ƬƬĴӿ
ԼݱʶƲҲգվͷժ̶֧ͷӡ
˿ٲк, ˵ҲΪ
ƻ˲䣬ϳһĨ⡣֧ӱһѼ⵶ֱͦͦ
Ӱץסĺ졣ǻһ, ֧Ѿš
ԼѪ˫ֲŵ۾
̫ҽȥ̫ҽǿаסŵ˿ڣʧǵĴ󺰡, ȥϣ̫ҽ
԰̵鴫ĺܿ죬ԭｻһ˲ͱѻȸ
ºЩ΢, бϣվŵһԲİٹ¶һ΢Ц
Ѿ׼ˡ
԰̫ҽѾæһšվһǵĳ
ƻԼ˫ֵѪͱס
ȥһˮС֡һԵѾ߷Ը
̧ۿ˿ϹҲ֪ôҵʧְ
ΪһſͣûбӣȷΡ
ùˮӣĲȥϵѪ㲻þΡһϣܡ
ƻЩ˼ֵϸ룬ȥ¬صʱǲǸ㣬㱻ٵҲżæϹȥġ޿ôû˰ɡ
Ȼڸ鷽ٶۣǲɵңǸǣûǡ
˵ʵأʱʱ˷ðѵûдҪֻѪ̫࣬Щˡ
̫ҽιЩֹѪҩְһ¾ˡ
ƿŲҰ׵Ĵߡ
µĵˣȻҾҪͶˡ
屻ĻЦˣǺ³˿ڣֻЦһ˵ǿеĳˡ
Ȼ׿޿ֵ߽ʱ򣬰ƶһ
մвٵࡣϵҲγһӡǼɽҲ
ôˡͷͷǱĴɻ
ָָװĹôǴ򲻹ȥġ
ƲΪʲôŸĻãȥôԶ
ϵЩôŪġʵ
̾˿˸¡ϵ̫ˡܵļһӵˡ˲˼š
ε졣ʵøĻæС
һᣬܳȥʱһصظûȥ
ô˵ȺĻˡ¸̣ͷӦˡֻ̫ˡһ㣬Ҳ
帧ؿڣʵ
ƽȵҩݸӰѺ͵˴¡
֪ģܾ㷵ġתͷʵô̵ģϸһ㡣
ױϵŵͷһƬհףοʱֺȶ˾ʲô벻
ͷ˼а̲źŵҵ˿ͷǸСҸ¡֮˯ˣʱ˽£ӦǸСˡԺĿиЩҴ̹Ҿƴܡ
˵Ķ϶ƬΡôĿͷô̵һ֪
ǸСأʵС˽£һǵһЩϸڡ
͵Ķͷָָ⣬СˣС˻Ժء
ǰǸС˴ʱС˻Щ㱣ﲻͣŲҪɱҡ
ƿҲ֪ʲʲôӸ˰ѹ
㻹ϵ𣿡ƽսһЩָԼʵ
С˻ع˵ͷүߵ
Ĺ˹ǣ⡣㣬Ǵ̿ͳֵʱڸʲô
СһԼȣŵҷ·󣬾ͳԺӡȻƼһºڿ˴
˵¶Լϵ˿ڣ˵͸һһ¾ͽгΪҪɱң֮ͽԷ
ƶӿ˿ϵ˿ڡһ˵ĲֻƤˡ
չ߳ĴɱַɱҪ׼ݡȱ˷ֲڵġ
˵Ҳ֡ͷҩˣһ۽ϻѾˣĽųӦ׷ϲǡôܳԺӡ
ԽԽԡԵĲ˵ȫûдɱɡ
ϿóӰѺŻŴӴԸС˵
Ҳع¿²Ǵɱô򵥡˻һͼء
ЬӣʹһȺżеΪ׵һŵүǵһˡ
סЩҸϸˣʲô˵Ҫȥ
ǰİɴԥſڡֻǷ£ҲΪǡ
ƿһ壬дʱ˵Ĺϵ
ס֡ΪʧѪָ࣬
Щۣס֡ο϶ǳ谮˻ǵѯʡ
ҡҡͷϳ谮£ȫûв֪ġ¸Ҫˣ͵õ˻ϵ
ʱ²ܶġ˵ͷһԵĴվЩǶǹҲΪǡ߰ɡ
ƿ̵ǰУһԵһӷ̵СүˣλСչһЩ
Ȼ֪ءһЦĹ˹֡СİɡȻСүչмӡ

 67 

屻ѺµµڶھﴫķԷ
µ, ϴһɫĳںľ̫ʦϡйĻ˵һ顣
п̲̲١һҹѶµڼӲʯϣĵұ̫ӸеŮ, ͵СүòɫԲ֮λ, ı
ǿǵˣϲûڵϡ֧һš
ıΪԼˡıҲǴص˼ˡǲ׿ͷϡ
年𴽽΢΢һЦ, ƾտڰһ仰Ͷ𣿡
䵱ȻΪƾ޾ݵһ仰Ͱ԰һԵĹԱһ, һ˲ᡣ
ϻǹĿһɡ
Ͻӹ˱ϸĿ˿˱ϵûʲô⣬ֻмб¥ĿЩ֡б¥ǰѾ, ô⼸Ŀʽ֮
Ͻüͷ֪ѾЩĿЩЩб¥ĿүתǮƵķԭб¥ͬ Ĵģֻ֮б¥үӡ
б¥Ŀ, ֻû뵽, ôþȻ˵¡οǸƹѾԼˣҲվΪ塣
վһ, ʱλƹ̰īѾѲƹУܲĿնˡ
ϻĻ, ͳһ֤ݡ
֤ҲİÿӰ̽żĸӧĴûԼüĿ, ЩҲûʲôֻһżĸѮ֪صġ
֪µĽʿϵҲͱ׽һЩ
ǷдʲôѾǲˣǻϿǷȴǴʧɫ, ĺӻҪףȴͼı޵Ľɽ
廹δԾƳϵľӶֺԼӡ¡
ǳˣڴް̡֮һѾıˡ
Ȳ˵öӡǴĵģǷԼʱּҲѰġһ壬ı꣬á
ӡСʱ㸸Ϊ̵ģ֮ӲѵҲǼٵģǱģۿˮ
ڵϣֻϥİۡ΢΢䶯ƣ˫ֵϥ档֮ʳ̫ӵɢܵĴŶүһֲ߻ġ
ۿͰźõͷϡүһֱ֮ڻǻΪͲ߻һб㡣
ֲӲйһ壬ԭǺҡصһӵķ֣ʹ
ν֮֮УȻϵȷķأһɢүЩĳ谮Ҳʵʵġ
үͨ࣬ĸĸҪЮ߻֮¡ֻ֮ͬɱ̫ӡɢ̫˵˶үѮġ
ЦȴЦһһ׮׮ͬƵԭΪƵģҲΪô㾡ˡ
үЩ˳ƵϡǸϵ̫ϻۣү£ȥɱ
˵ЩʧվٵĳһԵײȥûΧ˷ӦѾͷѪϢˡ
֬л̧٣ֻЩĲԸȥһү仰˵̫˶ݡ
¥ŮӲѾţοʽȫ֮ĵĸټһʱ䣬ĹԱǶмĴ壬·ǺĶ֮
үʲôҪ͵ģһֱһʵ½ʹʱվ˳΢΢ֵһֱŮ˵Ҳү粵һǡ
ԥһᣬ˻ӡʲôҪ˵ġ
Ҫ˵Ȼ٣ֻ¾Ҳ޶֤ˡ忴Ǿûʬ壬ͻȻ뵽ʲô
ôãѮ֪أҼԼȫ˽ףҪλһ塣Ϊ޴ܣȦƵе󡣵ǻ˿úá
˾㣬Ҳ¶һ΢ЦҪ˵ȻУֻȥ֤һ¡˵˵ϵֽϿѮ֪뾩ļĵǼ١
һԵĴվϣⲻɡı֮棬Ѯ֪غܾܿʹ˴ǡ
ǳĹִ׼һ¾⡣˵ÿһ
ҲΪ¼ǺֻȰšԣѮı򣬾б֣иҴĻʲôѮ֪ش͵ؼɱǣһǰҲ֤ұݡ
ź벱˼Ͼ΢΢׵ô죬нͣ
˼˰ΣǣΪҪ˾ֻҪѰժȥҲȫˡ
֬ո˵ҺͰǱΪ顣ǰͼʲôΪ˸֮ҵ⹦Ͳ縨ĿЩοҸҲֻǹ¹һʲôҡ
⻰˵˻ϵĿϡһֱŰҳ˼ʱ̯ˮ֮ǰţҲšݵʹ˸ɫ¡
塣ϳ̾һε޶Բסĸס
ͷҲӿһ˿ˡԲסǱ
ͷһԲȴѻԹ˸顣
ڳ¹ܺչ㸸׵ıȨҲ˼㸸׵һһҲҪϻĴֱ̨²ȥ֣Ͼҵͬܵܡ
仰üͷ²ȥ֣巵ڵżʲô
ɻ󲻽⣬Ͼһһĵҩмӹһζֹ˿ϵҩ㸸׾쵽ˣҲûټӹûã㸸׾ˡ
ֹסЦﲻѧҽһζҩĶʱ֮ĵĸ׿ҲΪ
֪ʲô۾һգգĶ㻳ļ˵µģ̫ҽ˵㸸жġͷ
ͷ۾ٿࡣǵ֮ǰƵֶֹͷ¶˲ǻϣ˵
ֻԼһۡԭΪĸ׵Ůоءû뵽ȴһʮĶߡ
ϽЩ˵ƺ࣬ļ򡣡㸸ף㲻Щ¡ǣڿͰĴ޻Ǻúչ㡣

 68 

ڴһһҹûƺȹϵϡ
תˡ̱, תͷۡ
Ҳƽ͵ĺȲ裬Ƶĺܡӵ֪ķ
Ҹ类ץôһҲżĹĵĵ
仰ίܡ첻ȥ巵ˣѵ⻹ż
յ﷢, бſ, ͼһӰ첽ķ߹
½ͣ۾ϸ˿Լ
½ְżæŵĳ԰һ·ûȡ
½ͣôǰͷ϶ϸϸĺʵ
½ָָò״, ȥ˵, ȥ˵
׺Ȼʶ½ͣҲ֪ڴ, ҹְС
½ͳһæǱͷĲˮθ
ĲˮֿɬԶûݵĺúȡ½ȴһܵߵˮտڵջһ֧һġ
⻰, ľҸôΪʲôץȥ
½վһЩΪѵĵ, λָ̫֮ɱүΪ
Ҳվ֪ΧŻⲽôأ˵, ҿġôܺйء
Ӹ磬Ҹˣϻˣǲ˰ɡ
½æ, ģɵأѾּȥˡǵү, Ҳһ䵱õԺӸסϵҲ̫ҽϡ
ĻŵĲŷ
үܵŴԽ࣬Ҳ͸֤϶µ̬ȡƳһֻҪϲ, ƾ˵ôҲ޼¡ҪǸϿҵ֤ݡ
½ʹӻóһŵӣЦŵҲĵڶ¡ɻǵҲ£ЩüĿˡ
˵ָָŻӵӡ£̲ϸʹˣⵥӳ˻һһ⡣
˳ָȥӡЩģϸҲܿ桰ڻĸ֡
½ֵ˵ӡµһǣ⡣ʮǰľ⻧Ҳʱǵ¡ʱΪͬ˰ż档˲ƣΪͷۡʱһӡ¡ӡӦȱһǡ
ƶŵӳϸ˿Ȼӡ𡣡⡭
½֣ʾٰꡣӡǹ󣬻¸˹еĹ͵͵ġⵥ˼ٵġ
һϲǵ᲻̫Ӱŵġ
½ҡҡͷ̫ڽ̷˾ѡҪľ׵ģ⡣ѡʲô
üͷ˵̫Ӹϵˡô֪ģ
½ĲˮһСڵǸеġ˵Ҳɣ²鵽Ƕˡ˵Ļһֿܡ
ƾһԵ˵
ָСүʱǣˡѮ֪غͰҼ½Ͳæĵ㲻ǵ¹ĴؾǱ˲űڳġ
Ҳжšضض⣬һ򵱹ĪǰЩ취ó¹ıûмʱϵսɳ
˵ֽѮ֪ǵʱĸѰǳ˷ӣó¹Ļʵۺع½͵
飬һӾ˼˼ǣ֬ǳ¹ˡΪ˱Щص˲Ǳ뾩ģ
½΢΢ףҲûпܡ֮ǰһֱ˼ΪʲôҪѻھݣ¹Ľءˡ
˵һԵĸһġ˿Ըıܶ࣬ϰȴĲˡ¹ӽϰ֮ڳʳϡ
üͷȻѾ˼ôŻϵ˵
½ͰѸһææ⣬µǰ󱳵Ķ¹ʹŸո뾩֮ʡΪսͲˡ
Ҳǣ¹ЩȻϣȴû뾩Ҳ¹Σ£ǽЩáؼϡƸ̵
ôɷǼһ档ƿĸòˮȥʵ
½Ͳ㽫ˮͷ˺þòŽںĵȥˡ
ײˣûסôˣ
ȻҲ˵Żϵ˵˵뵽ôһ˾ûҲܡ
½ͷĴɱһ޶֤Ҳ鲻ˡǸɾ䡣
鷢չƵʼδأǻʲô
֮£½͵ǲŲæȣȵѰϴɣүȻҲܳˡ

 69 

ڴ¹˶, ƾ԰˶á
һ죬ǵȵ˹һ˸Ѱ
ϲĴλϱڸܻؼ˰ɡ
ҲΥ¶һЦ, ȥһþưɡڴסôҲȥȥ
ӦһתܳԺ, Ӱ˽Сүˡ
£Ѱ˾ǻܳʲô£
˫ס˳Ӱ󣬡ô£
Ӱеļ꣬ӵ, ˵ǻߵİ̽ھⷢһȺֲĻȻ, ͵͵Ǳ빬УɱʲôҲ練ơ
Ƽ, Ҳ˲㵵ѾСˣƿžͳߡЩѰģ
ѰǸˣϵʥּӦܿ, ôű뾩ҿʱСе, Ҳġ
Ӳ񡣡Ӱһ߸ĽŲһ߽͵
Ƴ̾һǾǱݺˡû뵽ƵһһСС¥Ůôôģ
Ӱ߳԰ţȴ, ԰һ˵Ȳܳ롣
ЩһݡҪˣı, Ƕ԰һܲˡ
ԭشת׾ͼһͣǰ, ϳҴȥʡ
ƵɲϷУһ彣ظһղŵĻ, κ˲롣
ǳȥһСֻеķˡ
ӰҲսеĽƴһͻȻס˵һšǱԭָƵĽͼĲϡ
Сȥɣ԰տء
ƿųӰϵľĺܣǰӴо˳ּҲһ
æקȥ㻹ԥʲôڲһŸɱˣһпɾˡ
巵⵹ǰĺܡԭЩڵŻ׷̫֮ϳѾɢȥˡ
ŵŵ̼ƵȶӶȥǰȰ׵£ôˡⲻǿּ
ҲûϻżɽʵأҪ
ʶƳһ۽յĴţЦϢأЩʱɡ
ѹƵ˴Ѿ˵ƣյõġϢŵƵġ
֪ע⵽ˣҲֻӲͷƤϣϰߡ
Ļû˵꣬ƾͨһ˵ϡϣɵءҪҪ档
̼ĶţǺαأϲġ˵žҪ˽ߡ
һԵվǰסҿ˭ңҴġ
̵ȻҶδĴֻܼ֡شת
Զһ⣬һʹ˼¡¡ưƵĵƵϡˮһ
еİʹ޳Ĵı
ʶƴᣬǵҵĸ첲ҲЦ˵û¡
ͻȻҲǿһƵֱͦӹƵߣصĿһͷʣø޹һɡ
˵ʵϲø硣ΪΪơҧסûͬ⣬һоͲһˡ
еשʯôʯƳɵģ˲һ˾ϥİۡ
׵ɤѾˣΪ˺ȫ
¡ǰȰȥҲ۵ġȻϢ
Ժҡͷﻹཱུ˵Ǿ仰ʣø޹ġһɡ
ƵѾʪ͸ˣⳡͬһˮеĻ˫Ƚ׷ȻȥԼȡ
Ϊûϣʱ򣬴֧һˡ
ӡƵķڳˡָָƣ޽
ŵĴů¯ˡƵʹͷԼµһ̲ˮķ㶡
˵桱ϼͲ˵ʵ
Ʋֻʵĵ˵ͷͳһűˮӡʪ˵Ļӡ֬ݻ˼١ǻǴˣǳ¹ˡЩܽΪڴʱҧŰѮ֪زš
ϰ˰֣ʾֻͣżӡ
ãȻףҲֻ֪Ǵ⡣ûʵʵ֤ݡҲֻóЩʱ䡣
֪ѰĻ޵İ̽Էֵġаͽָ֤֤ܳڡϽеĵһԣ
㰵̫ӡҲ˸ۡĲǽˡ
˼һµѾҪˣЩ˵ֳ׳塣
ϣһקס½ǡΣǾӺζ¹ʹʮ겻뾩ôͻȻ˳µ۵Сǳ¹Ϊ֮
Ļû˵꣬ϾһƴϡǼͷˣ֮֮ۡʡ
Щȷ˵˵ֲֻ֪壬ȴûзӾ
ڵϣ΢΢ڿΪԼҲΪ塣
һʱҭйһϡƽҪ֤ݣֻҪҳ֤ݡ޾ܷ塣֮ǰΪɷּֿѾ԰Ѻ̲ˡ ЩˣҲѾȥץ
ʧǵĴӵ߳ʱѾͣˡ׵Ѿյķ죬վӵ
ĺһôˡ
ҡҡͷ˷۱ûȳ԰˶˽ȥ
Ǿ仰ȴơ֤ݣֻҪ֤ݻȲ
֬һж·ص㡣
׵ĸ첲һһӡǰߣҲΪķϡ˾߳˹⡣
ˡƵͻȻһˣһˡֻ˵ͱǷˣǸѮ˵ҵ˵ת

 70 

һ, ǵջҪɾγ԰Ѿµ˷ƻǸ׻ 
, ѾȥѰˡֻѾô, Ч΢׽ֱߵҩһںµ
ҩŵʱ̫ãζֿɬ˺þòŻ
𣿡ķһŶʵ
ӽﺬһſڵˡ
Ƶ˵ͷ˾ͺáһ˵ھоĿ׵, һˡô᲻עĿİնǹ¿, ֻҪǮһ֪޲Եġ
Ȼⷨеʹ, ܾﲻԾҵ䣬ȴأ
Ҳ֪ôˡ·Ϊòʧ, ʱֻ·ˡ
ˡưսȭͷ, ˣҲ˵İ취
ҧгݵģһ˲Ĵ㶡СקקƵӡøġ
һʱûӦ˵ʲô, ɻĿ
׼͵֮һֱΪܡ
֮ãͷҲǣ׵, ԼǸӡ
ǲø簡ĿƵ۾Ŀ͸ġ
壿ͷһʱ˵ҹһ, ôҲ͵ˡڸ֮ǰѾһ˰ɡ
òŵʹͷݸһЦ, 
ֻᶼܵޡɿ֣ͷɥߡȴһǰŵСײ˸ġ
үСַһ£ȴƿˡ
ʲô˵˵Ż۾ȴһֱעŵϣͷû̧
Сһŵүˡ˵һСˡ
ƾϲ۾ûͺðˡǰ׷ȴԸСȥ˵١
˵ĺӶˣʮ겻ֹˡйС˲֬֬Եˡȥſ̸󣬽̸ЩѾߵٶס
һ˵꣬ȴ׺Ȧ̧ͷ
ͷһȻ׿޹Σ̵ȴֻΡ
һǰʱ򣬵ڶξڡ
͵ؽۿˮɣûʲôҸ˵ġҵǸˣøܳˡ
ƴһסݸЦŵһ£ĴСҩҪҶšһҽΣֹѪҩٲˡ
ӣĵͷأ㻹Ҫʲô
˼ƬתͷС˵ǽǽլҲһɡ˵̫ۣ϶ֻסڱ߽߱ǽǵƫƧǸٵĵط
üͷԵʡΪʲôҪٸˡ
Ƶ˵ĶͷŵΪ˶ĵطǷǶࡣೳ֡
׸һЦƬֲͷԺǱһˡ
һҹ˯ĸⲻ̤ʵһȺ̵ݺݺΧôĲͣĺ֣ȻͿһϮ£ͷ黷ƻվߡ
ŵþѣתһֿ˻ľͺˣԸЩСһӡ
ûãһüĿӢŮͳǰūƽŮ
Ҳû뵽¾Ȼ԰˳֪Ľ 
ôӳģֲ˼ʵ
µһƽǿܵġ˵һŮۣҳ֮㡣
֣ʵ˵ʲô
ҡҡͷʲôҲû˵ֻǵûи˱㡣
ȻŮȴһĺաӰ̲иոǿҲá
΢΢ףɣڲ˵¡ס°ɡ
վһԣ˫ֳ°ͣ۾ȴһֱϴתôһ㵹мҡ
İе飬ڱ˷һЩüĿ
һ䲻۵Сҩһǰ׼ĳЩ󡣡Ժһ˹ֵ
Щ죬ƶЩסˡ嶨ԽԽˣܲ
Щ׼ǷȥģһԼƽ
˵طƫƧ̸ҲԶ
Ŀڵ̸Զ
˵Ĳ̸λھǵķ֮أ˶׻ģƽʱҲûעⲻԶľӡ
ӵһ˶÷һ˼ҵİǽӳ¸չ÷ҶӶû⣬û÷ɿ
ǰԥһỹûнȥѾ㹻ˣҲʲôˡ
⻧˼ʲô΢΢ͷԴһֲµ
һ۽ľţޣҪȥ𣿡
ҡҡָа˼ޡҲʲôϡеϣֻǳ¹󽫾Ҳޡ֬Ǹ¹ˣʲôϵ
⻧˼ס˭ʵ
һһһϺ˵ֶ
Ϻתһһӿȥûô򵥡ŰɡҪ̫ǲ

 71 

ճ˵, 뾩ѹƷˡºȴھǳٳٲȥ
ҹºվԺߵһԹԵĺžơͻȻһ΢紵, һλû뻨Եʯ·˳
ºЦһ, ֱߵľƱһСڡ̸󶼳ǵľݵ˰ɡĸ
Ůӷ˴Լߵǰӯӯ°ݡСŮСάݻᡣ
º̧ͷ´զһһĺÿ, , 㻹ʲôһȥ˵־͸Сά
СάûпܣЦ绨, Ȼдĵ΢΢һ٣ȴﻬһѽƵС˵ͼ
, һӴȥǳºͷС, һ
º΢΢һЦôҲСڻʹﳤģʲôǹûСάЩȭЩġ
Ҫôоͼҵ, ûõġ
Ļ˵ڣ͸оһϮعͷͼһĲϡ
˲, 㲻Ȼ͸һɺȴ
ֽº⾪ĵɴ۾ʹֽ˼٣ֽȻ͡
ʸ˭ºڨڨЦš˵ղλȡ, λվĶ֡
΢΢̧֣ϡҪʣȥүɡ˵־Ͱ
һ¡ºŲǲҪû, ǿɹ˴졣
˻û˵СάͲĴ˳ֻҪˣ¹ͻṥ졣
սնʹǹءοǴŹƷ˴죬Ҫƽ׵վ¹ͻẮ˰յġ
Сά¶ĹЦݣһˣǾǱıҵİ빥ݴ죬ûǲеġ
үˡСάѧոյӣָաֻҪˣЩŭգֻдԱġ
˫쳣޹ǡɳºȴԼǱһ߲סˡ˫ָĵطһƤ
ǼƻõģڿΪɱң˫ȭΪϵĽҲ̫
۾ĿϧҲһȺ󱲡ϴɣҲǵꡣ
СάЦһүѱˣ塣ģѾˣ˵˳º⣬ߵ⻹⡣
Ǵһ˫񣬼ȳֳû뵽벶ȸںһֱ
Сά˫΢΢ǱƵذײ嵽˳ºǰ
һֱҪͫ΢΢ûʹþ͵
Сά˽ӻóһ÷ĸɾӵݸ
ӹһǵ÷òһ常ĳҲǱˡ͵ų¹ˡ
ӽºؿڴŵĽ𵶰һͨذס⵶޽ģ㲻Ӧɱ
Сά֪ܲװ׸˱֤ݣֻظΨһְֻ취οϵ顣
һˡӹǰѵϸĲøɾɵĵұһϾǳ¹ˡȷࡣ
΢΢ףЦҲǵóԸˡҪҹɽ𣿡
˵Ǿ仰ʱ۾ƺ⡣
СάĬĬĵͷ˫ֽסǰѽ𵶡κ֪ΪࡣֻǣҲԡ
κĿһۣȴװµҾ֪⻰˵㶼ûʹ˵˰֣һ˵ˣ㲻ȥ
һ꣬˼Сάôֻ֪ܲ˱ˣֻװ֪
죬оЩͼӴ׵˵һ˵ʵһѹСάѸת˻⡣
κ˵ͷһȥźõġ˺õĲˡ⼸ƺڶǡҪҪͳǡ
˶ڴΨһܲЩľֻơѶǲܷʲôơ
ùȳ¹ٳ£ǾͽºЩŽСάĻ䣬ͼŲԶһ
κʹ˸ɫʾ׼뿪
ദ꣬Ĭеġκһֻסԥǽȥ


 72 

ǰûлɹºĿ, Ϊ˾¹үºⱩеϢЩ
վĺúõôˣһַ̽Ǹļ¼һɻŵ
Ҳ°ͳ˻һ, , ĲãҪվӳ¹Ⱥ˶Ҫøʸ˵
Ҳͷۣ»ûнº¾ˡ
ô˵ͷʵ
׳̾һ, ̯˫ֵ, ô죬˴µڲ顣˵, 仹ץø粻ء˵Ҫʸ˵
üͷôץүţºˣ
һߵĲӰķšһ, ǾʹķԷ˵øŸʵϲΪΪ, ɱ̫ӺҲûʲôҲ֪ӣһˡ
Ǻ˵˵ӡѳ, Ͳڴˡ
Ͽ˵ʲôƵǵ
ҡҡͷʵû˵ʲôֻǴǸӣֳġ˵̾һҪ, ֱӳȥץɡ
ƻǵ¡ң˵һֶ˵Ҳʵûа취һƵвϳˡ
ϵĲӰķš
ͻȻһ, ָдŵһ¼յƵǰ㿴⡣վպֻһ֡
ǸղſĲϸע⵽
ϸϸĿ˿ֵȷվֻһ֮ҲֵֽдŲһĹͳˡ
ȻŽ, Ҫô̵ʱͳ书ƻŸ첲˼
ϵĲ豭һڡ鱨ϲ˵ǸĻ书ɾġ
ЦŽıӷֱߣקĸ첲ߡߣǽ
еĲˮһ룬ʪ׵°ڡסƵ֣û֤ݣץٽǸá
ҡҡͷôСģǶôòŴҵߡܶ˵ĶĿҲǸոǿġ
ô족ר־·ϵգӦ
ƳһԵС˷Ըȥ׼ϴ·ƥȽּСүһ档
Ҫø硱͵̧ͷյߡʲôǱرءңҰ㣬ʲô
Ʒ˷ͷΪ׳û뵽ǺԡԽթֻץסûʮʮİѱҲû취֣һҪСүһ¡
ײĵӣլﲻһСץǸСǸڴϵץסɡ
ƴСӹ˱õ·׵ƶˡЩ˸СүôһȦףһҲ֪Ҫô졣
·Ž䡣ֻܰͽ֮ҿɲȷ
ֹǰЦų˰ݡл ¡
ǸյžͿһȺװԱߴߴĴһȺ鼤ܡ
ſӭǵС̶ȦһǷ»ڵǰȵȣΪų¹үͷء
Ц˹֣ү̵£¿жۡ
С̱Ÿ첲ҡҡͷ仹С²ء˵ţָָ˵ߵĴ䣬ƣⲻճҸոջ˵ҪСүԶء׶༪ˡ
ûС̵Ļ˵꣬ƾʹ˴סȴ˸ա
̴ľ̫ʦΣŶͷ¡վһԵһ߳üŪۣһ߻¡
ȶķ糳˻ϣüͷˣû˯ţʲô˵
һ΢΢˸ſڵϣΪǰݼġ
ǿ˫ۣͷĵ޲˵֤ݡ
Щ飬ϸȷһЩǰǸ˵Ѿҵˣһмɵˡ
ʲô֤ݡ΢΢ӡ
֤ݻûСƵͷֻҹվԶĵطǺͳ¹үɱ֮Ҳǣ
Ļ䣬Ͼͺһڲˮ˵ЩΪʲôްһɶûȷץͽ»̲пʡ
ƿһݵĻϣһ档үйؿ±иı
ЦһԭΪ˼塣ȷⲻ˽ģΪ˳¹һ¡
죬ȷǴЩ˽ġѾȥôЩӣϻˣպ˵ĻһֱͷôҲӲȥ
Ͻ⿪µϵصĻʹڷ˰ϡˣոѾּݡҾȦ¡
Ƽͷ󺹣ϣӦҪҵ֤ݵġ֤ݾǰˡ
糯ǾͱһȺ󳼳ͷۣĻǾﷳꡣ˰֣ʾȥôãоô˵ġٲʵôڡ
ƵȻ֪Щô۵ģҲֻ֪ǣԶݣ·ϳʲô¾ѲˡЩ˲ôһ֣ⲻ·ɱڡ
˵ʲôѾվߵǰ°ɡޱһϣҲˡ£Ҳʹապúø Ҳܹ⸴鹡
Ƶ˫ֽճȭͷԹŮֻڹ廨ҲҪصüǴʱֻϴȥԩ
ͨһڵϣϣٸһЩʱ䡣һܲ˵ڵϣͷ
üͷһԵ̡Ÿʲôϳȥ
̵ѡȴƳ˹ǽϵһ÷ͼ
÷ͼֻǳǳīɫȴһ̬ʴκѳЩơ
ȵȡͻȻһŵļСͣ֡
㻹ʲôҪ˵ġ΢΢ͷ۾
ָŲԶĻᣬϣ񶷵һʡ⻭Ǵĵġ
ӣǻһſڡ⻭޴ظеġһŮƵ١һֱһֻѰټǵˡ
Ƶ࣬١Сظһ飬˼̧ͷǳ¹ų¹ֹ꣬ҲЩ̷½½ѧЩ˵տģ⾩ֻһ
æһżæŵľߡ
׿æǰô˵ȥøˡ
ͷص׾ߡȥ̸󡣰ϵֶȥ̸󡣡

 73 

̸һƻͨ, һһ˱š
ϻһãȻ㲻˵Ҫȥøô⡣
ӵһǣĵĶǼ֦չĹϵ巵һ÷ͼ֪
΢΢, ֪, Ƿͼǳ¹֮¹ϵġ
Ťͷ֪иŮƵ١Ƿġ
üͷ, һûģô, 㲻صŮ̸ɡ
ĵ˵ͷ⾩Ƶٵû̸Сάһˡ
ƾ١ͷ
Ȼǡ, 㻹ǵƵ˺Сάϵǳ͹㡣
֥С׵Ժˣﻹǵá
ƿӾ֪ʲôǵˡǷݸҳƽĸ㲻ͬ, ԴЩζѰϵĸ㶼ûҵŷмĹڲɽ髶÷
ײ, ν÷Ҳûʲôġ
ҡҡͷ϶ʳ÷û, ʳҲԻݾơûڵġѾˣȥ÷ڡ
°룬, óء
ƺЦΪβʵģȵ˲ųƷֻСάһ, ûС
޻˵۾ơ˵ô¡
ƿ׹ǣ¹ϲʳ, ÿ÷Ƴ÷ɴ洢ȵճɹƳ÷Ƶĵľ÷
ǿϳСάǳ¹˵ġ׿Ǹı飬ҲЦ
صĵͷǡԭȰעϣǽϵĻȴңҰһдŷСάмӿɡϹŵ㰸ûλҲûǻȴܺһͬסڶ¥СάĻǸߡ
ĻڡЦƿ˳ƼСάٿ첽߽˿̸
߳ڵҹ׵İѾ˸׼֡
Ҫȥ
ݸһЦ˰֡ˣŲ½ġ
׿ıӰֻһĶԹԵĸ˿̸
СάĲھвСһһȺ󸹱𸻺ͰΧ
Сάﲻһһ͹⣬̼˵žҪȥСά䡣
輰ʱСάǰүСάոմƵСάЪϢһɡ
ƵھҲʢԺգҶײβһֱв²⡣
豾ΪƵţүû뵽ȴһѰƿֶŵסСάҼҲھͷģôƲҡ
СάųԼ˫ֻ֣зŻкһֵѾһ֧ӡ
ЦݵүĻȥСάСά
үֺǺǵĸǰһԿȴòЩҼСά֣λүͬ¥ǿŽųȥ
ƿ˼м䡣
ëͷСӡүҪƿڴƾʹһ  ơ
Сά졣˵ŰסСά֣¥
Сά΢΢һ㶣Ƭ֮Ż
ʲôЦһӴүĺǴĺ
ȻСżϵѧèĹ򣬵Сάǰǲġ
΢΢һСάͽ˳Сģ֪˭ˡ
Ƶû뵽ϵôˬ졣
Сά΢΢㶵˴ǡ񣬳ºڴ¹ȻϡԶݣû˳ᢵܽһɵʲô
ҡҡͷɵĻкܶࡣҴʱ͵ʹȥ岻ϴɣºҲ˽
СάĿȻԵϡһ¥ӣʲôץҡ
ƿһ޿ֵģҲЦȷûץɡҲҪʲôɡ
бƳһ۴һĺӰע⣬һѶͷϵӣסĺ
СάǼвмСھӪΪ⻨ȭȿԴùҡ
˵һƵϡϵľСһ³ʹеҲһ˵ϡ
СάǺһЦƾ⣬ץ
Ƶ˵ͷһһȺ˾ʹӴ˽СάΧסƾ⣬Ҿܰץ
Сάϻһ˿ɫܿƽҸղ˵ˣûץҡ
ƵǲҲգŸ첲˰ѼϡⲻҪǵ  а취졣
ƵһһһȺΧۡ
ѵһЦյǰ档ôСάʲôû
̧ͷ˿ΧΧŵȺһСά¹ү֮йأץˡ
ЦЦ˵ЦˡСά΢ôͳ¹үߵһġ̸ɱˡ
üͷҵ֤ݿɶĺܡȵ̱ƹѺһоˡ
輱ͷ󺹡̸ѾһСάλãСάûˡ̸һǧˡ
æסƣ̱ƹĵⲻǲ
Ʋĳļ򡣡裬ڰ㣬Ȼʱ򵹵Ŀ̸󡣡
˵һƿ裬ԹԵǰߡһЩСάĶͼȴһվ˳
ǵָȥҵҲ

 74 

  , Сάڲֿһľϡֿʱʰģ¹»һϸϸĻҡ
ҹ˽̡СάԼϱˮʪʵ
ƿһۣתһԵı, Լġ漴˦˳ȥ
ǱӷСά, ͸ı˷ֱֱĳŵϴȥ
Сάһ£Ƶȵ̧ͷСǵһ̰ɣ, ˶׼̲һ̷, Ŀ̲¼ʮ֡ҪҪҪҽ̽㡣
΢΢һЦ, Ҫ̱ƹЩαԼۡΪ˵ġ
һĨĨĻûоֹˣЩȻ֪, СάֻΪҰץΪ, ̫Сˡ
Сάһ˿⣬Ҳñʲô˼
ƹ˴ǣЦǺǵĴڿ˼ôһ, Ҳƾһ֮
Сάû˵ĵơҪʲô
̧ͷźתͷȵȰɣһ֪ˡ
Сά㷲, Լµʲôװһ侲Գֵģ
ϵѾȼ滹Ƿƽ˾
ڵҵҡСάĹͷЩᣬܵĶ˶ʵ
һֳֻԴ, ľˣҲЩ˸վӡ
Сά֪Լµİ˾ŲʮЦһǲġ
üͷһһĵͻԶ, Ϊһһ
Ѿȥݵ·ϣֻʱһͻ촦
ΪϢ޴룬û뵽ȴ治ɫɴЦҵȻ֪ǲ߳ǡƾҶ˽⣬ԲԴеˡ
СάЦһΣǷˡӵĺǣʱҲ졣
ףôöûһ˿ټΪı
ıʲô첽ߵСά߼еķʡ
Сά۾жЦ⣬ЩĵѰʱŵɻǵù˽巵ʧݣǸǸİǴעܡ
Щ˵ʶԼ㾡©һæֿ߳⣬קסϴסүˣȥ
˴ܽү巵ˮˣϱڵڣɡ
Ļ࣬úõģ巵ôˮ
˵ͷصūŲ֪ȥɡ
׼һȥһ߶ƵȽڸҡ
һסүЩߣΡ㻹ǱԼ
װ˰֣ˮŰʲô
ƿǸŵСˣ˵˼仰
׸׹Ƶ˼ûüԾͱųԺš
Ӱʧҹɫ֮УݶϵӰҲһ
ѾˣʲôνֿߣС˾Ȼ
ūﵱȻĵһ˵һ̧۴ܡ
ֿⱾһ֣˰յģûһˡ
С˵¶һ΢Цֳſȥ
¹£ƺ˸ͻȻץסƵļֵذҲȫ¶˳
·Ļ͸һɭ˼⡣
ƸоΣգƴȫһǱ˳Ƶ仮ȥ
Լ¶İؽ׵СۣŻƵĵƹſС˵
Ȼİ׾빬евͬ򢷺ȴ˲ǹġ
㲻ǹˡƿǰѷźذºȻ
̵ñܲ㣬ֽͷϵñ˵ϡһ㲻ö˵ţ͹
ȻûѧգذֻܽսƶصҲݡ
׼ôһֱȥ˹𴽽ǣЦɭ
ƵȻ׼һֱȥָһġ
ֻƵİϷûϣ־Ҫذ״̽ǰ
һһʹذҲ˵ϡ漴ľϾͼһ
ƿǸüĿʵŮ΢΢һЦѾ㵱ˣ㲻ŵġ
û뵽һˣŭҲǱƴҪһƴĿڡ
Сѧϰ书Ҳǳصġһӱ̽Ҫ
Ƥ˺ѵڼžԵøԡֻת²
ƿſд򶷵˲һµ书ڷĲοûгֵıֻܱѹơ
վһĨؿڣоƵƮһ÷ӡ
÷ɺǰȴͻȻκѵǸ÷ͼСլǿ÷
¡һκ
»ͳȥĽһʱûļջأļιǺᴩ

 75 

ʹ, һ乬ӵеĸ䡣һһźµ˴һ˹С
δ˵ˣʱ, ûɱۡһĺѹ
˵, һ̷̵˾ӭ˹ȥ巵ʵ۲ڡ
ڡΧĺüͷûڹиҡ
ҡҡͷۿŻϽ巵˯ˡȥ
Ҳƣжأǰ֪۵̿ɻڡ
̵˵ͷڡŻ乬ֹء
κڹеһϵʳ, Ի˽⡣
ȥҡ˵, ʹҲҪҵΪү𡣡
׸һſھͿĻ⡣дһڣ˷ͳһһɫӰ
Ϊ׵һ˫ֱȭϥءүкηԸ
ƿ˳, ˳ˡϸѲ飬ɱۡĸмֲŭ˼
һȺ, һԾʧ˿С׼Ⱥɢ˼ȲȥȻҲȥ巵ֱߵ˽ֵҹ᷿
ͳæŵǲȥȻ, æǰ񡣡үʲôҪ³Ҫȥæˮ¡
װ˰֣һץסȱæߡҪһ¡Žڳŵĸ䣬ܱߵ
ͳһͷˮԴΪ⹬л¡
Ļû˵, ׾ʹֻţʲôμɵ˾Ϳھ
ͳ컹ʸ׳˰ʾȥ
̾һ, ΢΢߳š
巵Ĵ£һ֧ȼ˴ʯǰšͨ˵ģΪľһá
յĻܶԵøļž, һϸ΢춯ע⡣
ԼԼһӰʹĽŲ
΢΢ֱ̧ǰ·
׵մЩңͷҲ˱һ㺹, ˡ
ϵûйʯڴ˼ڴŻڣ˳˯ʱһѻҵˣ
صĵͷǰסұָۣ䡣Ͼ͵һҪ޵ұˣ²ᡣ
΢⣬ײſ첲ϵơ˿Ѫ죬ս˵Ƥ⻯Ũ˿ϣȥˡ
ʡĻһ̧ͷʱֻϵѾ˲ĳ졣
̽̽Ķͷ˿ûмʱҲʼ
׶ϱ˱ϣ˾һһǰߡʷģ⹬ѾˡӻýͳȥžǵĸҪܵǼҲܲ˶Զ
Ͻ˫ۣԭ˰׷ͺڷ˵ĴѾǰˣھľţһӾͲˡ
һ߱һԹԵ˵ţҵһЩ֤ݣ֤øסʣּøŻɡ
˵ô࣬ʼһԲ
ҧҧ촽Щǳ¹塣ǸСάװǿ̸ļʵصŮⶼΪ˸رȦס
ļϾҵĿ˼ĿŻЩŲੲݡ
һϣϴʱ۵۾ټϷȣֻöֻһ˸ͣͷۡ
˰֣ʾס졣Ȱޱȥ
ɵǺǵЦĶ֪Ϣôĸˡ
ɫգʮľС·һȺˡ
սų˵ӦõˡôôΪ׵һλžĬС·Ƕɻ
վһùٵˣ᲻·µˡҲǻʼҹ壬ЩҲпܡ
ҲôЩɡⶼһˣǶû
䣬ȴû˺͡۾һգգĶС·ô˵ˡ
˵ŤͷͿһüӥĿվߣȥͿڵϵֵǡ
Ǻ˵üëЦŵ
࿩һᵽɤۣϢɱˣһ򵥡˭
ӽγ˽Ųæĵȵˡ
˵ͿһŰ£µĹӳ˲Զ˴һһϣֻƽƽ˵һ仰ȴ˵Ӱڡ

 76 

κϵ˲, µǼҪҿ ҩĲ٣һ֧ɽβűס
ôµκġؿڣɫҰ׵
ƴӿƮ÷ӡƾ, լǿ÷ڲݰʱ͸ܼҵī÷ͼҲǸ÷֮ˡ
κЦһ, ÷Ĵҡô֪Сά޸˵ġ
ϣѵúƽľ̸Щһصī÷ͼСά˵ŮƵ١ٵá
κĻҧҧʵ, ʹƻ޽Ǹɫߡ
⻰ڨڨ, װû⻰ӣթ˵ؽǱ캦, ˵ǹ˼ɵ֮ġ
κһͷȥǱթǹƶ򲻹͸Щ
զզ࣬սϵһʱҲ׳塣Ҳ˷ʱ, ת˻⡣, ˵ʲôʲôɡѾܡһĳº¡
κĻЦҾ֪㲻ƽ޹ʵľҡҵĿڹ
ƵҲ֪ǣ¹ıڱǽ¡ܿĲֻǽʿ޹İաЩû
κȻ֪Щսһˣܽ, Ҳ㲻ʲô¡ϵ¹񣬾ЩҲûʲô
˵һЦΪ, ¹ͻ˱ǼƻûӣʵȺ, ⻼ǹĺʱ¹λġ
ָ˵һ仰ȷʱûõĻᡣ巵Ļŵôƶ
Ļû˵꣬׾ͷ󺹵˽, Щͬ˵
κһ֪еϢ²̫áôʵˡ
̧ͷǸڴϵСɻʡҪ㳤ϸƤġ
κЩƺõġ
Ƶ˵ͷЦеķԸſڵĿص˿ˣɱˡ
κҪ˿ȴ˺ѷεۡ
߳˷䣬ײԥſڡҹ巵˴Ȼҵˣˣڴϲʡ¡
Ƴ̾˿ֻԺʯϳ˼¹ʹǱô˵
Ҳ̾˿ӻóһۡǱ߾ӡ¹ıѾڼˡǶ㲻ȥˡ
һֳԴǻϲص¡
Ѿˡ׻û˵͵սڼסĲҪġ
ļ򣬡ع˶ֻ࣬ʮǰһ˲ٵǮһս£³Բ
׵˵ͷң֮󡣸һֱ䣬Щ佫Ҫ̸ֻֽҪЩϳʵǲǿ⡣
ϵ˼˺ðſڵҪǰѻϲס¹˹ҲǳæңֻҪס¹׽
Ҳֻ²ûִ֡һѹѹ
ƵļϣҺۡҳŲ
ḧͷټһ£ܿһоͽˡ
˵Ǳܣ֪ʲôʱѾ˴СһȺϳڹſʥϡ
Ԭʼձ۾ĻӲ˲ᡣôǺãǵæңĽʿĲȡϻʡ¡
һԵϺһ衣Ѿˣȴ춼ݡ˵Щûˣĸ̫ҽô˵
ԬһĨһߵô˵ÿҩţⲡüףһֻܿ컯
׼ֺһ裬ЩϳɣиҲԲߡ
ԬŻϳҲûʲôð취ˣԼĶԥŵ˵ͷȥɣ
С·ϣƥǧɳǰ
үӭŷ磬Ӱ¾ô𣿡
˫Ŀǰ·ûбİ취ˡةֶֿءֻǸĹǻЩ£ҲǸ̸ֽġ¹ǲˡ
ӰСȻáֻ֪ԶҲ
ЦһһӴƨϡİɣѾʲôߣһֱæžǵ²ҡ
˵ţͻȻһתѰѾȥˣ
Ӱ˵ͷİɣѾѮȥＯˡСûѹסеȺѰҲἰʱϵ

 77 

ҹѾ, ѾԿϵĸ©εδˮ
ԬڴߣˮմʪӲ˲ϵĶͷ
һС̴߽һʺܹһ𡣡
Ѿǻʺ֪ٴˡܹ޷Ǿ, һ巵֮, ڶǻסڹ޹ϡ
ԬİеӽͭСˮÿһңҶĻʺ֮λſڣ֪ʲô޲ðҹص乬ȥ
һԵŮæΧź˶ϳȥ, ĸǽжȥǲȥ
Ԭߵױ̨, ž££ޱߵͷȥϻԣǺ֮˵ҪͷϿʲôӡ
ԬǰŸճ޵, һ̹˽
ڵĵУϵһŵߵߣ̽̽Ϣ
û뵽ʵۻšҧźݺݵһ䡣
˵عͷһ۽ŵĵ, óһذס, ūҹλʱǼ˲Ρ׻˵ɱ˳ūźЩ͵Ŵʱˡߺá
˵˫־ͽסذ͵شȥ
ĵû˵Ƥ⣬־һӱס
Ŀһ±ᵽɤ, ֵ۾ƴҪѣȴʼѲ
һ֮ˣǲôġа롣
ô, ץ㡣صʺһӰĵ߳ļصݷ꣬û뵽Ľɡ
̵۾ͨ, ʱƹ谵ûϸ鿴û뵽ȴˡ
ʱҲװþȫǱ°ڴϵĿǻϵСϰ䡣һСܱȵġ
һ, žһͷѵ
ԼѶǲġʹϵ̨ȥ
̨û˵ϣǵĻȴȼԱߵʡ
̹𴽽ǣһЦҲҪһ
˵ͷŻϣѹ¡
ûϵôֱͦͦĵȥԴݺڵײһ¡
ŸʲôݡܻĳǸ˻
ϵĺŷӦǰһѾקһ˽
ʣ޵⣬׻𼱻ǵܽϷ𿪡ʿ˵ˡ
ϴ˼ڴ˰ֵûʲôеĴ󳼿춯
׹˹֣еĴ󳼵û춯ֻǳ¹Ѿڱĳǽ¼ˡ
ζһЦԹԵĵһˮССڵĺšСѧϰѲ
ǧıǣ˴վڳ¡һλĽеĴ󵶸ʮǰʵ۲ɱҹʿִɱҹүܴӦҵϴˢ
һϯʮֹģµĽʿǶȺ鼤ܵӦšѪڡ
ǽϣӪеĽʿȺ¹ĵӸҺһϸ¡
һԵĸ˹ԥſڡӪеıˣȺȿ²㡣
͵תüͷôôЩ
̾˿ӲͷƤ͡⼸¹죬ܾûս¡ʮǰǳս˱Ԫʥּ׹ũ̡
ִСҳ󣬶Ķ徭ڱ˽⡣ңŽû뵽ȴ¡Ϊܿȡʤû뵽Ҳϴʥ
˵ͷǰվ͵ȥˣֻЩҲûиظӪжڴϲأǸ¡ⳡ̿ܡ
Ļû˵ͱһڵϡսڼɶҡġȰѽʿ˵
µʿţۿžҪʼǡȴûи·
ͻȻһ֧ڳ¹ը
ԶԶľͿһȺɳ۶ѮѰ֧Ԯ
ѰһŻĹӻּ߳˳¾
һܿͷӦСүűˣ׼Ǽл

 78 

еķԷƺŻϵٳɢ
һҲǳ䶨ѵõĳ뷹ȥ
糯, ϲϲ߽˻
ӣսȫʤ¹Ѿ˽顣˵žͰ۵ݸ
ùһԵӾ˾ֲϸϸĿ˿Сүôʲôʱؾ
Ƶ, °˺һŵøѾ, Ӧѵݾ˰ɣҪղܵǡ
ƵͷЦЦʵƵȺҵˡ
ҡҡ֣Ⱥ˼ײβ, мƮ治ò顣, ˳Сά͸С˲ȥ鵽˲顣˵۾, £ǲ鵽ʲô
ʵ鵽ʲô
ָմЩˮһ߻һߵ, ҲǴ֪б¥ٶҰ, ˸׽б¥Ӯ˹ƫǸٶһǸӵģֻ˵ҲΪŸøĻᡣ
֪Ⱥ½, û뵽Ȼһ۵Сﶼ㵽ˡҲǹһû뵽һġ
׺ǺһЦԼʢһ˹ĳš˵, ô֪øûԶݵģ
Ʒӽ͵ԹıǴһǴԼ̡նʾڻʬ, ԶȦġ
ص¶ͷ˵ǣҾȻû뵽ûлɡ
ƽǵ¶, ΪʱѾϲòˡп϶ǣԲŻ·ǸҪȴǻϵĴɱ
׵˵ͷ˵Ҫ빬ء
빬̧ͷÿαٽûʲô¡Ͽ˵ʲô¡
ҡҡͷʵܴ⡣˵ʱЦ⡣Ӧòǻ¡
Ȼô˵ﻹ㷲ܾʲôҪվϵ̫ѾʱˣҲѾӴˡžͰȳԺȥ
׿ıӰȥġ
ƻعͷĵһЦӦÿ쵽԰ˣȥӭ
԰⣬һ˻Ľĳʻ
º첽ǰ
ƿ˽һɵѾͷЦߵƵߡ
ĻһЦŵ˵Ļ㻹ǵ͸硭
Ļû˵ͼ̧һ죬ϵĻ밢ԶһЩ
ƳһۣƵĶЩס ġ
΢΢ףһͷˮʵ⾩ǳ԰Ҳֻ ˡ
̧ͷһ۴ߴףƵߵһԡ㡣¶и󵽣ҸǺǰͶĴ氮Ľˡɲܺߵһȥ
Ļһ죬æͷȥ˵ʲôء
⸱ŤŤӾ֪°˾Ųʮˡ
Цһ˫۾Žµ˻衣
һԿ˵˵ЦЦӹһ˿ᡣ
յƵߣקӵ˵ʲôһ㳤üĿҪ㵱Һ˵ӿɲãպһТĸɷ򡭡
˵𾢣һ˵СҪȢһʲôء
׸°˼áʲôĹòҪȢޡʱҲ֮áֻҪãЩʲô
ţҲһ˿Ц⡣üͷԼŵ˺һſڵɷλޡȻǽҵҪһ㡣
䣬ԼĺԾ͵һۡǺ˵˵
װһԼĺתͿŭĿԲ
׹˹ָѹߵҪΪҲ֪ʲôⲻܡ
ΪʲôҲѧӣ°͵
һӱ˿ڡΪʲôȻΪԺɩɩôܱߡ

 79 

ϲصİ԰ΪſȻҲô
һ, ʰ˶׼ȥ
һߵϣ°ͿڷػصæµԵ
ôŻȥ԰ôЩ, Ҳúúʰһ¡סŲ
ƽԼ·һĵ÷ŽסⱾ񲻺, Ӵ³ˡҵȻҪȥ
ƲƲ죬Сֹš֪ӦЩʱա
ԹԵʰŶҲû˵Щʲôֻ뵽ⷿѺŵ˲Щͷۡ
ԥʣСάκô
۶ô, ôκСάŵ, Ѿˣʱ, ҲҪˡ
䣬ԺͳֵӿһȺˡһӰΧУﻹдʵ˵ʲô, ү
վȺ, һͷˮĿǡôˡ
һһܾ߳һ߹κӳˡոǿѾ˴ʮ, ǵү
ưһãκ˳һȥСάСάǲǰæ
ŵǰһץס, Сάء
ҡҡͷСάҲǸݽɫɱֵܣκѰ㡣
⻰΢΢һ, ־ͽȺκҰֻʲô
죬ЦһȺ, Ȼ׵ΪأԼֻǸˣҲòȡ
ת˸ȭ׼Ҫ˵ЩʲôȴͻȻһֱֱĵ˵ϡ
ƿֻСüͷκɱġ
ȥκ˴һ
κȻεӰֻԸҲ˿ռϷ硣
׽Щŵ㲻Ҫ£ڡ
Ƶ£κȻ书ǿǰЩӸձӣǿ֮ĩˡֻ˱ˡ
׵ļ򣬡ھͽ
׸жۿˮİȻΪȡ
ӣȦҲһ㡣˵Ƕ֮񱣬֮Ҳˡ
ƵͷǱ͵شһ£Щ¡ôκ֧ȡһʱ䣬û뵽ȴ˼
εͷҲǸ˼ѽܰκסȻӳһҪ׷ˡ
׸ոջжһͿĻԼˡΧøʵһЩúţԼϾ
ԼΧͰһǽ˿
ݹأκѳסһȺηηŵķʩչõİ취ǽ֧ߡ
èԶԶ߳ųСάɱץסˡ
һ˵˵ͷɴ¿ء
΢΢һЦһʤȯաκı¶Сά֢ڡ
ԸȥСάǼҲΧңȥǰɡ
Ⱥ˱ǵװΣ粽ġˣҲǰȥɱ
ǹ˹֣СԼ˵žͷһԾǰȥ֧Ԯ
ƼΧ˶ɢˣԹԵһССڵĺšҲֻһĴԼġ
ͻȻ뵽׸ոպ˵ĻһȻͷֳһֱѹΪʼҹҲʲôʲôж˲ܲˡ֪ԼŮ
ų̾һϡ
ĳԶԶľһ˻ߵĳС㿪
̧ͷͼκ΢Цĳɱ
һСذףǸоϾҪ׷ûеȵų֣ԶԶľͽذ˹
Ƶһæ
ݣǱСķֱֱӹڻ˸顣
ٵ˿һֱй䡣ŵְͷȴѾΪʱ
ΧĿˣ߳ŭκ󺰡ٲ֣ͣҾͽСάͽ̲Ҫ֪̲Ŀ̿ɱȴµҪصĶࡣ
κҧҧȴԲݣһ۴͵СάұͶԳ¹ʲôֻаˡ
Сά֪ѾʼҡκȨҵԸˡһҪ֪ʹʧ֮ࡣ
κлһ˿įСάʶ޸ʱǽѧ޸Ů˶ŵԡֻ֪СάбˣǸӹ³Ȼˡ
Ըһʵ֡սеĽһԾͳƷɹȥ
һһźĽƵǰ޸ĸŹ
ƿǰ˾ϲĺүôˡ
΢΢Լ󡣡һ·Ϸ̣ҺͳӰû˯
κһ˫۾ȴһе˻ȥ
ˣôѾǿ֮ĩ彫еĽջ˽УƵ־ߡ
κ˿ѾѿѪҺֱͷŵ̲ķڵĵѪҺĵĽеĽص֡
ѧϰҲʮˡЩ޸ҵĹٱҵ֣Ҳֽ
˵꣬ʹ塣ȴȻƵǰš
ԺӵȻˣһʱֲȥ
ԣκѾǿ֮ĩΣͷŽʼŴ
ʿҪʬҫȻսϣǷսҲںڳ֮Ҫǿκ˵СάһۣԸ겻ˡһһܼĿࡣ
䣬ĽѾ֡ǵ׻ЩĽû˵ˣǱ˵ĽȴѾ̴ࡣ
ĵӣ۾һգգĶǸԶǰľƺصʮǰ÷轣һԵ١֦ժһԻΪﻭﶼû뵽һˡ
СάȥӰĹٱκǷ࣬һ»ˣһһ㡣˵ʹӵϼǰѽԼĲһƬѪӿ
ƿһĻﻮһ˿˸СǵִǰáСάܿһǰҲһ·ߵڡ
ƫͷ˿֪ѹս֡Ǿܣͱˡһ˰һȫǵԸɡ
˵ͷžͿ۾
ʳָ˵һ֣ȵߵԭ첻˼Ǹ


 80 

ҹķЩ, ۸
˵һûŮװģ彫ޱߵͷ𵽶
˳ķ˿ƮڿУһЦ, ·칬·ŮСͲϲױȥʱܲ㡣
忴۾˸ŵҲǡڿݵĹ, ΪҲʹȫҡ֮д㡱
֮üͷɿǣ֣ߵߣźԼĵӰΪҵصԶû뵽ż, ǵͱֱ䡣˵Ժ, Ҳ֪
ӻһӣ͵û, Ҿ͸עɡ
ӾӨ͸ΣһϺõƳɵġȻʽЩ, ͷŵƽһ˿¡
֧, ɫׯءĸҵġЩչãҲˡ֪ͷƵϡ
ĻϸһĨ죬þûг
Ȼ̩ɽ, Ķʪˡɤӣǰ·ʱ˵ҶһѾߡȻֻһѾߣȴ޵ĸϲѾѰҡ
, ƵĿһ³˵ס㻹˵ʲôˡ
Цһ˵үڸСҷ˵ҪҪ佫涼ڴС, ԲҪҸ佫
Сʱ򳣳ͼøһ׾ͳ˵ԺҪҸѹסӡ
棬΢΢һЦ, ߵͷ̳һ٣֧Ӳͷ
̧ͷϱüͷͳȥ˾Ͳջȥ˰ɡ
ʵСƺڿ⡣һЦ˳ͳȥĶջĵ
ƺģҸ۵ĺܣǲҲû취
忴ĵǣ˫ĸաҸսɱҲǰ佫ҷİɡ
ƵȴƵϣࡣ
ͷϵӳ¹º͡
ơȵϢӿĶߡһλƵ
ССһ̧ۿûзӦͿײϵķŴƬ촽һ
ϵĸо˺޴վ֪ôӦ
һ촽ŵôһս
뿪ƣ΢΢ɿ˽§סĸ첲ʱ䲻ˣȥ˯ɡҲ׼һȥ׵¡
峿ʹʥּ˵Ҫƽʥ
ƹڼӲʯשϽʥּŻſڡʥּôô
ּЦİɣʱֻкûл¡
Ȼô˵ƻǵǵƳһ塣
΢΢һЦŵɣҴӱûнʥͬһ𡣡
һԵεЦЦɻֻ˵Ҫ
忴һ۷ԸСȥ׳ûʲôŹĳߣںžͺá
̼ô˵Ҳûзɣֻܵ˵ͷ
巵УڲԵЩִ١
ϿǸӣЦźһڲ衣֪ĪǵСһ᲻ֱ֪ʥּĻöҪ
׵ͷ߬Լ䡣ͱ˲һ˼
΢΢ףеĲ豭ŵһԵİϡҲãĸһֱ˵ţϸ˸Ұ׵ĺ룬˵һ㶼ûǸŮ
صĵͷҲֶܹ˭ᶢһ˿
˵⻰ͿԴŵĴ߽΢΢һ񡣡ϰ˵һ۲һ񡣡
׵ͷббĿһۣҧ촽ְŤȥ
ϼ⸱ŤŤӣɸֵķŶͷ޽Ϊһ¡
ƹ˹֣ܵǫϵ˵޷
ָָףô
̧ۿ˿ףһͷˮĴ´ӣһ񡣡
⻰ϲüңǶֵԺ
һһЦſڡô˵Ϊˡ
ãȻĵ˵ͷͼӡǺã޾ּǴͻ顣
ոոϵ巵洫Ҳ˲ϵǰ˴ϣ򲻿ɡ
׾ȵվôˡ
忴һֱֱۣĹƵߡϣͷϵ֧ⷢҸ״ʱĸʹ͵ģ֪ǵ
»ϵǼǵãû뵽أξȻӶ˳ȥ
һɥסѡʺ󲻽Ϊ׵ϲΪ⺢еʶıպһܸ
塣һ֮»Ҫĸ֮ý֮ԣ㸸ĸߵ硣ԼҲǺõģֻиĸֳеáҲҪĸ֪
年һЦġƾôãһʥּΪ˼忼ǡҲʥƼ޸
΢΢֣ϣѾ˰֣ǲȥˡ
ϸź˼ջسȴĵߵࡣø
ƿһ۹Աߵֿ˻ϡļأ˱Ҫľ¹
ϡҲͨһ˵ϣֻһûңԶ䲻
ϰ˰֣ȻûĻϡЩ⡣ֻС㡣
̧ͷһǰסϧǲҡֻҴһֱǾѡû
׿Ƶһֱûгȴüͷʣ㲻Ҫҫ鹡ԺǴӡǴĻʺ󡣡
ҡҡͷҫ鹣ȴпҡҪĹҫǽüŮҲܳɾһҵ
صһӣŵæͷ
ʡ״ĻҲһӹ˵ϡӲĴʯשϥۣޱĵʣҲҪˡ
ĴСɽߵ֣ۡ
ûк֡Ͱĸ֮ŲΪġպۺ󲻺ͣԹʵһгѶǸա
ΪඥײϣҲһηͷͷǵ
Ҳҥ˵øˡûʼұЦ
ϳ̾һղҲڵһ㡣ΪһŮˣֵ˵ȥҲ̫ѿЩ
Ϊ˻ʼҵ棬ΪԸԲɿڵָʡ
ߵ˸ףΪһҶԸȢˡǴңѾû䣬պҵĲݱֻ߲͡󹬻ңԶΪ
⻰ͷ˼Ƭ̡ȷ󹬲ǰҲһ⡣
ã治ԸȢ
ص˵ͷԸ⡣

 81 

Դմӻʹ, ׾ÿնơ
ôǲԸ㡱Ը˰ѻ͵ֻʵ
԰Ĵſڣǡŷ˵ټˡ
΢΢һЦ, Ҳ̨ϡΪܵһԵȴ㵱ܾ, ҲܡԼɡ
Ƶ˵ͷֻǽǾҪ뾩ˣպɽˮܵл
һŽϡҽģԼɡ
ƿŷ, İ˺
ϲûἰ巵, ֻػصĸлЩİҪӭȢлҶСϢ
ûд, 㲻ˡ忴°ͻһƲҵģʵ
ƽֽۺ÷ŽŷЦʡô֪дʲô
һֽӵһж׼ˣ̰ɡ
֪ĺ, ·ϵ㻹ûлشҵ, ǲǲ𿪿
ֿ첽ʵǰҪȥһ˽ꡣ㸸ĸʮ㡣
ƼæֳǷǽܳ, ٻȥû뵽ȴһǱ
ڻȥҵ֪һҵȡ˵ҹҰ¡
ЦЦҪŵ, ϾҵƸӦѾ·ˡ
Ƹ񣿡۾ȵ㲻ǸղűôƸ񶼱ˣ
תͷһҵҺ˵õ, һӴ³ǲ˵ȥסͷӦûɡ
Ƶͷ΢΢һЦ˸Źâ
ͻȻ뵽ʲôԥŵ, ȥǡ
΢һ£ĬĬ˵ͷΪκҲŻѪˣ˽ȷǳ⡣°¶һűͶˡ
ˣüͷû뵽ȻַʽԼǷдʲô
̾һд˶ҵǸ⡣˵ȻΪ¹˵ȴĸ׾ֻͬο޸˵꣬ԲŻɱ֡
ҡҡͷƽ޹Թ˻ôꡣ
ӻóһ¼Ҳ㣬ʱĶɱҸ׵ͷҲֽţȻΪʲô治ʱֻǺ֪֪֮ǰˡ
˵žͽ¼Ƶϡ㿴ǵҸ߰ŵˡ
ƴ¼һ۾ͷһԣǽǽ㴦ˣô죿
彫˺˸ӳ˴⣬ҺͻϵԼ¼ǵĽ󡣡
û¼ͽʲôϵ
§ļ˳ƽͷԼļϡ¼ϵҲᶯľλҲᶯһҪҸףȴҲͼı׵ĽɽŻᶨΪ׵
̧ͷֺʲôϵ
΢ЦŲ˵ˣһжȥˡ㻹ǲĲôڹ°ɡ
Ԫ꣬׼λ帨ͬ³壬˻ޡҴСʮױ
㡣ıʹӹС̽ͷ
һԸԼױѾ߳֡ôˣӭˣ
˫ֳ̨˹ǣֻЩôҾҸӡ
ϵĸݸʲôÿģЩ֬۲ҪǮƵĨ
ΧתȦЦŵϼŮһ졣ο㡣
˵ͻȻס죬ԣܽнˡӦýɩɩ˶һŲۡ
Ʊ˵˴룬ͷߴ˵ҿˡ
һСҧšˡΪĺвŻǸˣû뵽ȴŮװȥôõӡ
ʹžıϲæҵĸƸϸͷ߳˷š
ŶӭһϲɫûЦôġ
΢΢˹ǣͷĵͷЩۻʲôʱҲԼɾ
ͻȻװһĺ󱳡ﱧǸ²СĽŻײ˹
ǸӵʺǺ
ӭתͷͿһüĿվǰ
ҵĹӣʵ
ҡҡͷҷҵĹĸҵıá
´Щ졣ӲŮװɡȢˣ

κ

һ궬, ÷ֿˡ½İɫһ
ǵҵһμ޸СǸʱؽӹ³ȻĹŮһСǻѿˡеС˲֪˶ٱ, еļȴֻһ۾ͼס
޷˿СС, ԼŮһ㣬黭ȴĺܣһ˫ֵҲ÷
ҳſڴͷЦЦȸɲͩҲɲ˷ˡʵֻͬ˵˵, ʦһЦһЦ
˵, ʦǴؽ¹Ǹһٵʿ
Ϊ޽ͽܣȻΧĶֻ, ҲмһˣɫûС
޽ϲ÷ظ¶Ÿָ÷ϲľ轣, ͷ׵÷, ˡҲһԾþõŲۡ
ڿʲôҵһκ˵ҽҵ½ǣһԵ߿
ָָµʦ, Ҳѧѧ˽ΪҸĸ𡣡
һκ˵˵ģƽ, ͸һ䡣
Һظʲôģҽ㡣ҿʦϲͽܡ
۾һգգĶң·й⡣Ϊڿ, һҾʦ
ӦһѧЩʲôӦñ, Ӧõ
۾ĹȥǱһޡ밲οŮҲѧ䡣ʦ̡̾ȴ˵ͷ
֪ˣúѧ黭
ܿˣֻӦʦȴҡѧʦ轣СֻòôصĽҧӲˡ
ҴڵϣðƵġʱ˹
ѰȥͿʦվڲԶ
ˣôصĽõĶˡ˵ϵһ㿴ôġ
ϻһ轣ɣһҵӡĻϲù˻ҲҵĵһֻǸʱһ֪ȴֲңǸ˰ˡ
һһȥˣǽǸ˵걨Ůӣõ˱īһֺûһֺС㶼
ǳǿ÷£轣轣
Ҳ÷ˣԺһһһãϲҾõֽëʣϲҾõ١ֻ֮Ҫϲҵߡ
ֻˣ޳¹ʦݺûվս޸ͨеųն
˰⼸͵͵ͳĲΡƺҪԤϣС㹫ûһֻҺмŮͣΪǵԲŻ
һĶ䣬ɽҰУһ˫ЬӶĥˡұһһѵš뱨ǲŹ˼ĺôһˡǿֺ»ǣ
һǰҪֻҪһܺúõĻȥ
˵κաҪ𡣡
仰յʱǾҪҺ֪ʲôȴԸϡҸԸǱٵʧҸĺ⡣
Ϊɽжȹһһ졣ĵĲһС
ʦĵֹ书ıʦһжҡȻΪ
һȻ
Ȼıһλ󽫣ȴ͹˵Ĳ¼֮ġʦһʵҲһֱɵ
䷢Ů޸ľˡһĹȴҪ֮ء
вöҩҩҩ֪ı
⻹ʹҪʮٱĻһҪһȴ˵ɱģҪôϢҲҪ˿ţֻܹµȥ
һˣ֮ǰȻ¸ߵȴĺˡȰԿΪŰҲûϵ
ҵ֪ һ磬ȻҳҪͲԣҶҪԼǲǸˡ
Ľӽαݡ͵͵Ͷ̫¡ֻˣһߵ˶ݡһжźˣֻԼȦס
ҳ룬ֻҪ½Ǿͻɽ֡ʱȻ轣һԵ
˵Һþûˡϧֱһǻãʱͺס
ھеԺһ÷ûµʱڴǰ档ȻҲϲ¥УһҶźˣӦɲǡ±ʷʱʱ̵̿Ķš
ڣµ鷢ˡǼƻһжǸŮ˷ˡץ
˽ܵ һ˿ͷҾɱϧʧˡ벶ȸںԭǲ
ұ֮ǰҷ·𿴼Ǹһԣһ°ŮѵóЦЦ˵
Ǿɽһݷǰһ÷ʱҾ轣»
ͷ׵÷ҡ

׷

Ҵûô޹ԼҺԼӱ, üëġΪʲôû㿴ǸŮ˿ӡ
ϣʺ๬ءСĵ
֪, ÿԸȥľ๬Ϊ, Ϊסŵ˲ǰ
ǸΪѡǾ¹󷽼ҵŮ
˵ֻѡ¹󣬲ܺϳ⡣ұϳЮ֡˵Ůвܡ
ߣһвҲȲϰһָͷ
˵, кþûˡϺŶûҲ, ѾˣӦúƲϵ
ҳ̾һ, ۵۾ǲȥ๬ҵĸҲŹҡ
ݰɡСԸ
⻰ǱҶģǶֵˡ
๬ǰ, ʺЦҡһ, ׯȴûаĻû顣
΢΢ףϡķҲһؾءŷûʲôͷʱϲһЩֵֹĳʳ
ɿ̰īİ, ֪̰˼Ӳ㻹ƶ˼ҵŮǼϾ״߻ʵԶʲô֪
ҷ˸Ŀ, ˵һ
֪ˡӦ
ȴû˿ҪŹҵ˼һСȴҲǰĵطԹصʵ, Ѱˡ
ûһԷ˼ˣҺҵĵͷת๬ǰҲҳԷʱôҵùͷ
һһұΪֻҪȢ˻ʺ¾˽ˡû뵽ȺڴӡҺ޲ðȺ󳼵ϡ
ʺɲѡ, ҲɲҡҾҾǸ
๬ĴϣҵһξùеĴôСһҪһĴ
ʵΪѡĵ֪ϲϲ檡ʺ޳Ҳ٣ֻҪãҲ޷
ұ۾£Ļȴҵĸ˵ûһŮ˲ҪԼĺӡֻΪѰˡ
ҿʼҵʺȻͰģͰƢҲǶҺõġǿྴĹһӡ
˺ӣҸΪʺϡҿʼƵĽ๬˵Щ͢£廨顣
ڲΪˣǿʼ˻ʺһĶ˵ΪТӦΪ׼ѡ㡣е˵Ӧʺ
ڷƨҲԲһôЩҪϺģǿ¹ˡ
ܵ๬ȴ͵͵Ĩᡣҵһοޡ
һׯ֪Ĵҹģĸ֮⣬衣ҲΪǼǿġȴҲһŮӣҲҪɷϧġ
ḧļ㲻Ҫ£Ҳ㡣Զ޵Ļʺ󡣡
֪ʲôʱ򣬰ҵ･ԶˡЦźһټҪԼ
ȴһһ߽ҵҲҪ£պҡ
ܿ죬˺ӡССһҲĵǰԸĸһɰҪţǼ⣬¶ġôò֪Լϲ˾ߡ
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