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01ԭʼ


ӭľ˼ðָе̼Īĸеһ˿־塣ǣò˺ɤЪ˹ĴС
û뵽ˮֱӸǺ˹ȥ
ٴ۾ֻụ̂˲ڵϣͷҪɹɸʬ
һɬµɳа⣬Ķѽˮ𣿲Ư
̫ɻͷϷȻһ
ޣƣȻǻģ
˻£м˸˷ܵĸ͵԰ǻġ
ʲôԼǱ˻˶ֲǷɣֵأЩһ˵ô֣
۾һľʹǳ̲Ҫ쮣˭֪û˵ڣǡһЩ˲ͱӲˡ
졭ʲô
һ޼ʵԭʼɭ֡
վǰҰˣ
ԭʼˣ
ԣǴƤȹųìƤڣϵëͺñȴ˸һԭʼˣ
ȵȣһۻˡ
æȭԼ۾ǡЩΪʲôûʧ
һΡ
ֲĵĶԼĴȸ͵һ£ۡۡ
һԺǰ龰͸Ϊʵˡ
ޣȥ
˵䣬һںëʢļһһŰϸᡣأ۾һ¾ޣûκζӦǸࡣ
𣿡
п޵ĸߴҲ˹ԵĻӦԷ
ֵһο޵ʱһӾʹסˡû뵽ԭʼҲ˧磬һ˧񹲷ߵġ
ǰӦÿ׸ˣһȳֽʵļҫɢޱ˵Ľâ
˵ͷǳɫģȻڶߣǷپĵġһ˫ɫʱͻȻĵ硣
죬־ϼκģǶҪ̫ˡֻΨһ˾аհǡ˵ëҲ̫Ũ˰ɣǺһƬ͸ɫëƵġ
˵ëصˣǷҲȽϡ
ޣʲôʱˣô飿
ޣ˵Ůôǵأ
հĿӦЩҰ˵죬첲ȵӵҲİ


02ؼ

ҡͷ˵Ҳ֪
֪ûϵǿŮӻͦƯģ䵽ǵǾ͹ˡ
˻һڣ͵õ˴󲿷˵Ͽɡҷ׷׾еĳìȲʲѡ
ͱˣβŻعʲôط˭
¡һȥƯͬѧȥˣɢˣǹԼ
ǹ壬Ҳǰ˾סĵطվǰλʿޡ
壿ˣ
ֲûιȥԼħ𣿲ȻĻôޱȵ֣
ޣŮܵ˾ţǸô죿
ĶŰִһ¶һĨζЦȴȥԺԺ˵
գ޾СƵĽСİָҲʪģֱӾͿ˺ʵļϡ
˵ıϣϳĺζ͵
ſңҰļһҷſٲſҾҪˡ
ڿ޺Ǹ˳һЦ¶ѣĿİ㺰ɣﶼǵˣ㺰ƺҲûõġ
ƺƺ

ԷϳߣճĬ
йֹˣ֪ſڶԷļˡ
ʱԼһªϻһźʵůϻƤ
תˮ飬ֲ˼ĳܴţ˸ָĶƤëԼһЩ޳ļ߹ǡ
˾þֵǹϵͷǹǣþ͸ǸӤСࡣۿҪȥһ㣬൱ɭɲ
쿴Щ£˵һ龰
ŻˣӡƿӾͿöˣҸĸߴˡǿŲŸմɽϴֵӣͬʱΧڻԱߣ·ҪΪ׼
ӵ浽ˣһСͻᱻץЩԭʼ˿žͲǺǵģôҰëѪҲ֪ǳԲ⡣һҪֱӰ˳զ죿
ڰԥʱͻȻǸп޵ļһķˡ
æԴŵĵطһɣͦʬϣƭԷ


03

ˣԷĽŲѾָܽоԼĶҪˣ֪Ưô鷳Ҳ
ĵһðգô?over
ɣ֪Ѿˡ
޵ͳԣȵκԱ䶼Ҫ⣬ֿͱòðѳֲסˡ
ĵ۾ܲĳһۣܲĵЩյô֪
Ϊĺ̫ƽҼ˯ʱӡ

Ҳ̫˰ɣȻܴĺжû˯šˣ䵽ôļһôӰ
Ӧö˰ɣҸʳ
˵꣬ʹ˳һ̿۽Ƶ¹
ⲻãһ־ĶˡϾƯһ죬ҲûúóԹڿôʳǰĶӶ˴װ
ˣɣҲҪԶٺõ
İæʳӹҲ˲ʲôŮ̬ͿСһȥŷⲢûг׿죬⻹һѪζ
ޡ
ܳԵùֶһ˳Ǳҧֱӹ˿޵Ľ¡
üͷЩԵĿŰֵôˣ
ģ
ֵɴ۾С˵ί
ȴһΪȻҪ̶Ȳɿڣ˶ϲôԣԲϰ߰ˡ
ʲôѽ׸Ⱦ棬ѵ㲻֪
ֿҽҳСͶһǷǳעصģҪ⣬
޿ܲ׼Ǹʲôֻ˼ĶŰһ˶ǳһ㲻
ðɣˡҲǣЩһﲻ˵Լǰ˵ʿ϶ͨ಻ͬ
Ҫǲϲҿ¸Ūһݡ
ԿϵĿ⣬ȴڰֵˡ˿̣Ѿθڣ˵ľɥѹ
üͷһСѹĪľЩ۵㲻𣿡
ҶҲЩҪ˧кðҷ˰ɣתŽˮֺõĳԷ˵
ôһദַ˻ǲģԼҲûʲô⣬ĻôǨԼ


04һ˯

޿СһһĳԼչǷ۵ĺ촽ôԸе𣬶ʱһУҺò׼񵽵ģԺļˡ
ָƾɵֻᡣ
ްĵͷԣ
ӵļҰõģܺú˯ĴûУҴﻹҡĻû˵꣬־ͿƵģŵñͣ˵һ䡣
ھ󣬿޾ķĳ˳ȥ
ˣƺ°ܵĴ㣬ػͷҪ͵͵ܵԿԼ
û˷ŵ˳ͣȡ֮һء
̧°ͣ˵ʲôԷѾӲˣֻܲмģſ޵ģѸոյĻ˵һ顣
ʹһԸ⣬ʵҲûȥ
ʲôûŪóȻȥпܻᶪϾЩˣ۴ĸûǸп޵ĺ˵
תۣͺˡ
ѹѹһƬԴ
İҪʱ򣬿ͻȻŻ˽
֪ûҹӵԲŪ˻ǰһסʱǴҪЩ
ּǸ˾ŻһĮĽĳ֣Ǵӹϣ߳İޡ
һæĽһǳĿŶԷҪʲô
ǰܵŵСеĻѰźãһЦ¶һڽݵˣﵱȻǵ˯
ҹЦЩаȣڻӳºõСİкһĨԤС
ֻҵţڵĻƤҲֻһˣһ׵ʣأ
شȻһ˯
ͻأһ仰ðֵĶӶ̺ˡ
ʮ⣬ֶûǣĪʺĵطҪźİ˯һָҪԼʲô
˰㣡
仰Ѹٵߡ
·ʱرһĨ޴˻ȥ
ӦʱѾ޸ק˻ؿڣ˳ָסۻ°ͣͷһͷɶʪϢ˲ðֲĴ˸ս


05̬

ҹΣգҲ㣬ܿܳΪЩҰʳ
޵ĻŸո£Ӧˡ໡Ĺֽ
Щ˷ҲֲʲôҰ﷢ģþޱȡ
СﳤİִӲĳ氡ŵһĻгȥͷ
֪˿϶ţǰЩʳԲϰߣҸ
ŻԺͳ˸޵Ĺֺ
ǰŮӳǺÿͷֳֺڣƤװۣһ˫۾ˮģ˸оǹ׹С
ĸͷСӹǿȥҲܵɺϲ
޲ǸϲǿѵˣǸ⣬֪СԸԼߣ᲻÷ߡ
ֿŵǼźӣʹίѹջǽ˹
ΪѾĻУһȺԭʼΪ飬ŻˣСЩֻǰٺһչ˺ԼѰ취ߡ
ǲ졪
Ҳû˵ϴûϴֱϾҲǶòᡣ
ţӻͦóԵģ𣬲ֺ𣬶Ǻܿɿڵ𡣳Ժﻹһ˵㡣
޼ԵúܿĵӣвɰԼûժһЩҧŹӣǺ֭ҺȾۿɰĴϣ˵Ըˡ
޿¸һȣཡһĭǿԼŲһߡ
Է̿ˮΪĹԣһֱӾͰǶ
ٿأ͹ĵþ͸Ƶģӿɰ
ԱǾ˯ɡ
֣ĺһӾͽ˵һǵĻƤϡ
ļһûü޾ͰൽԼʵĻ
Դ򢣬ѵĴ̽˳Сŭʲô
޶۾һһЦٴεͷͷϲͣ
ֿ֣ˡ֪ԼԴǳ˱״ǰǵ״ֵһĿˮ
ſңſ̬㣿
̲סˣСȭȭһк
Ǵ˰죬ǼһһҲûУƵġЦ۰֣Լֵǻۡ


06

޽һп·ֺ֪ʹ۵ץסһֻϷţƺҪȥ֡
ŻˣֽŰֳ˻ȥֻ̧̧ϥǣͰȶסˡ
ֱεò֣ܶŤŽСҪٴο
𶯣
˵˾ࡣ
ţ
ֶʱһ̧ͷͿһֺܹŹֵĪúܺ죬ĺͫн֯ĳ뷨ͬʱĺҲó
ӣԷɫԣȻɶ
ɲʱΪֻܽŵͷˡקýСȭͷԾһܺ
ǰͬѧƶʱҲû˵һõʱԽԽ˷ܣԽõΪǵĹʹĳռкġ
֪˶ãɤӴһ˿ǻܷܲһ
ǵǰģ֪ͽ޹ޱ
޳֮ûŮӣȻҲ޽Ĵԡǻû˭ôʧء㵱İôòҲ޶ԡڣɰСȻûѳסԼ뽫
ûôǰˣǴޣԵ˼ԼġΪΪǰСԼԺԼͻŻǲҪĽ֡
ԣûнһľٶָĹιüۣȻ°ͣɿڵĴԣҲҪӦңԺԹԴߺú
ãҴӦ㣬һߺú
ĸоһֻȦĹ͹û𣬿ҲǱް취
õĻشԺ󣬿޵ƺ˺ܶ࣬øͬʱֽƵĶϣһĸоð̲סһ顣
ŴĵͺֱѪӿһԿƵҪڱ
ؼʱ̣òɿӵͨӶԶͣ
ůʵͻȻô룬ֽŵҲиæһţë˽䣬ǺǸһο
˯ɣȳȥһᡣ
䣬޾ʹųȵĺ߳
ûڣڵ¶ȶ½١
æؿڣ´ڴϢ


07Ⱥ

ڶ죬ʱѾû˿޵Ӱ
ܣĽʯʢõˮһССƤڴڴÿģװźܶԹСӡ
ֵܰɺܾɥûѡԱ뵽αѧԽн֮ͳ˧ʦԭɧѩۼͽıȴд˲ġ¥ΡԼײһȺԭʼ˸нˣЩ˵ԼȽˡ
һҰο󣬰ֵҲͺ˺ܶࡣ
ʯˮԼϴ꣬Ƥڴĺ
ԵһʱͻȻƿˡһƤɻƵСŮʮֵƤİͷ˽СúֻۣʮңĸͷͰһˡ
ſɵб籪ƤȹľһԺں۾˿һһĶŰơ
ֱԷʮֵĲ˼˵ʲôԷȴ˷ܵȿˡ
ιǿ޴ŮӰɣ
СŮʣֲ֪λشֻܽӲĵͷ
СŮڵ֪ԺɵֻèһĴܵڡȻߵֵߺҴ
ֱԷúܲڣֲ÷𣬱Ͼ˼ҵĵ̣ƵģֻܳΪϵ⣬׸֡
ιܸʲô𣿡
С￴˲󣬵˵Ŀȴʮְ޴ӿܡ
һҲûʲôģֱԵ֡
֣治ô
СŮ죬ƫԴܲòĵһ䡣
ڰ뷢ʱ򣬶ԷȴְĿڵ˵֣Ҳøҵ֣ҽɯ̣Ҹ׸ȡģԢý
whatɯ̣ۡ
ɯ̣SB
ֲûԷĻЦҧסԼͷ˵ԼֲôֲŽһɡҪԼȦӣ֪öȺ
ιЦʲôɯ̼Цû֦ҲСʱùĹĵģ۾Ҳɵһ
ֻӻֵûûֻǾֺرɯ̣
Ȼر˶˵ҵֺأĽ
ɯûֻ壬ɸӵ⡣
ǣĽһ˻Ľ
ߣҸ˵Ҫǿʿһ˴İ㣬ҲŲءɯ̷Ű۲Ǹָ߸ϵģ֪Ϊξᣬмֿɰ


08Ϊ

ǿҵģ
ǵȻ
΢΢üЩǸһ뷨Կ϶һǣͦԼġ
㷢ʲô
ʲô
緹ûУ
عİæָָڴСӣסͷˡ
ɯü˼ͳԵ𣿡
뵽Լǿ¹龰ֶҡͷлл
˵лл֣ɯƺЩ̫˼ҲܲڵԼĺ׵лңһжǿڿ޵ϡ
һ˵һŮӣ˵޾ԼҹⲻΪԼδİ
ɯȻССͰĽʿޣǸӢۣҪ˿ͱˣĻڵһϯ֮أ
ǳΪ޵İ¡ۿͳˣû뵽ȴŮӽȵǡɯ̵ּԸոʱŻ԰ֱֳǸ̬ȡ
ദƬŷ֣ŮƺͦõģñŮ˺ÿ˵ҲϸϸУǲ̫ᡣٺҲԼУԼܶкøС
Ҫϣ𣿡
գˮЩƵʡп޵ļһﵽǸôͷһͷˮˣʲôطҲһ֪
ߣ汿޵ȻˣǰˣȴŴǻۺǰǿҪĻǰһҪôѾˣҪôǳΪūͲڵ
ɯ̵ĻֲɳԾ˼ǣǰ壬д飿ǲǴԽˣɯ˵һȫǸطġ
ɯһ׳յŰֵ찡ǴİѵЩ㶼֪
ãȻҡҡͷ¶һӦ֪ı
Ҳㆪˣʿǵ˳ȥԣҲţһȥɼ׻۰ɡ
ɼ۰
ѽôʲôᣬ޿϶ѡʲô˵δµġ
ɯһ϶˵꣬־ͺԥĽӲͦõѽԼϲˣҲ뵱ʲô¡


09

׿˵ԼΪ޵İ£ɯ˷Ҳ˼飬ͬԴֵ̬ҲϷ绯ת䡣
ģĲΪ޵İ£
ɯ̼סĸ첲ԼˡΪİԣ֪жٰ޴ưĽءΪһҲԿһǿȴδκαʾ
һεĵͷǧȷҿԶ췢ġ
аɣ㡣ϾԡǿԵɯ̿ĵֵ֣һķŵİ̬ȡ
ɯһɬģ·𿴴¡һɯ˽ɯ̣ȻˣɲԸǲϲޣ
һеɯһ㵣Ƭ̲źĻӦô֪
ô֪ģȻϲޣֲҳΪ޵İ£ôֻһ취
ʲô취
ֻҪ˿޵ߣôпܻΪġ
ò˵ʱŮ硰족硰족˼ҲȽ硰족Ҳɯ̵硰족Լ˵ء
ߣ
ɯɫһ䣬ԥ˼ӺʮֹϵľܾˣС
һĵʣΪʲô
Ϊ㿨һҵҿɲ

ƭɯ޹ֻܱ֮ȥɽϲɼʲô׻ۡ
ܵĻ»Ĳ۵Ĳ֣Ȼŵ棬ǾðٰġؾЬװĦŵʯ档
ŰۺȻһͳǰüʢֲȥ
ι𣿡
˵ǳǿ죬ɯޱѸĶ˰ֵȥ·̧СñǿҸ㣬Ȼڲʮһ꣬ǰʡҪƷŮӣȫκ
óɯ̵Сȷ򵥣һգ۵ٶȾܴʮ׿ľ뵲ǰʢʱڵҲɡ
΢΢һŵģҲûءֻǾǼֲ죬вҩмΪϡĺڡ
ϾҩҳִСүү͸׵Ѭ£˵ҲϵóֲҩһЩ򵥵˷ðѾʽӹǵĻҲֵ


10

ĲҪ𣿡ɯԳֻ̬ȡ
ɽҰģʱʱж޳ûӵȥ
ֶ˵ˣɯŴģ·˳
ڽԺ󣬾æĴյЩֲĸǰᡣ
ɯԱ߿һͷˮ֪ҪʲôʱȴϲĺǺڣһôҰĺڡۣ̫ˣ
ʲôø˵ģɽ϶Щֲܳԣ
ɯ˵꣬ӼȥɼԼĻۣڰָոյķӦֻһм
ʲô
ֱһ˵˵ܴ꣬ɽϻǵǺڵĸҶˣϡҩҲǳñضǡ
ۿɽϳĶǲݣǷҽѧɶһһıЩԭʼ˾ȻʲôʲôҲ֪ȫڱֽһһǸۡ
̫ɽ֮ǰɯ̴ŰֻصסĵطΨһƽԭ֮⣬ΧСɽ
ƽԭλôżٶÿĶ˶һļǺţǺ൱һʶ˷˭˭סĵط
Ѿǲ忨޵ˣɯ̴һ·ǰߡ
;УмƤȹŮӾԼͬľһߴﹾҲ֪˵ʲô
̫ͳǰɯʣɯ̣˵ʲô
ɯӣһĵĻصûʲôûŮӳʲôЩ档
һ𣿡
ЩЦõĻӦЩŮ˳ƤֲڣӸߴëһЩ⣬ƺԼడ
һŮÿġǰ˻飬ǶϣѡŮ¡
ŶŮԸ𣿡
ɯ̻ͷЩʵĿ˰һ۵˵أ
ҡҲֱ֪ʾ޹Ϊһ죬֪ô鰡
㲻޶𣿡

ʵ˵Լޣֻ޷Ӧһİһ
ˣǰǿסĵطˣԼȥɡ
ᵽһȵŮӣСɯģͬ԰ֵҲ̫ˡ


11Ի

Ҳ֪Լǵɯ̣һЩ⣬ǿһɥģҲֻܰδ˵Ļ˻ȥԼɽڵЩҩͺĬĬ˿ס
ŰڷڵϵǶϡҩݣֵļǸпΡ
пĲҩȻط洦ɼε·ѾԼǸˣԼӵǰһУҲܽǵļֵȫӳ
ԽԽñƵܵĴ㣬Щ׳˶濨޳ȥˣ￴صĶһЩк͸棬ԼҪʱܵӦñȽװɣ
ϧ뷨Ÿո䶨½˿ˬʵߺ
ƿһ쳤͵ԭЩ˴Իˡ
ҲǵУϿһͷػɫĴϻϻ˵ҲһٽŴǰߣƺһҲоڣϴŷյЦ⣬һ˫ͫɢɾ͸С
Ŀ޿ŵȷˣʿᣬӢһΪͳߵаҲȻȻԱ߲Ů˵ΧۣǿſѴĵʼƵƵﲨ
ϣ˾͸һľͷƵģûע⵽һУһֻĿסǴڣƺǣҵĶ
ָӦ޳æķӰͷ˻ȥ
˴ԼʱĹѾ谵˿̫ˡڰֻöӶ÷šڣԵĶǿ޸ժҰӣ֮⣬ûһɻ
찡ȥ᲻ﰡ
ôˣ
޽ʱ򣬿һ޾ɵĶڵϣǰԹС͸ܾ¹һģˮģϲ
ְͷƫһߣ˵Ҷ
ȻˣǾ͹ԹԹԶ
˵գ޾ͽһкõĿݵǰ
гԵģ˻Ƶĳȷſõ飬Щ⿾òѪģ𲻽͸ˣиѾˡ
İĻʲô޵ģ˵ӹʳ
޿ȷһӣһʱЩ۵ͷԣ滹кܶءˣմηۻϣζŻá
ָָԱúҶŵǺĵš


12ݸ

ǰ漸ҲûôˣҲܺòóԣС漸飬ʼտ˵մγԣȻҪóԲ١ϸƷȻûзűϾͿֱӲģʵû˵ȰǰԹκⶼóԡʣҲнţζҲζó԰ٱ
Ե߷ֱԺ󣬰ֲָϵͳ忨޺ʣʲôⰡζ
ҽԵĻ⣬ϲãʮŶġ
ޱ뻹Ե˭֪ʹӵһ˫۾ʣʲô⣿ҳԵǹҶϻ𣿡
޲װΪʲôӦôֻʵϵĵͷԣϻ⡣ʲôѹ
ΣҪ̵֪֪
ʲô˼
źףһı顣

ֳˣҲǣԭʼĵطĶʲô̷ԼȻЦĸ˵˷һס
԰ɣںʲôڣû˸Ҷôġ
οƺʲô︺СһǰһʳӲ᳤ôСԺԼߣö취ʳС
޶ô˵ˣҲٽʲôԼһʲôطδֺ֪αȥȥЩʲô񷨣
ҲǣסСҪġ
ǿ˼ڣʱѾܱˣԱߵĿһĶԼǱͺոһƵġ
ֱúܲڣߵİ°ʹȥ㿴ʲô
֣Զˡ
˵գͷֶͷһ
ּæȥĭһֻ걼ڶô֪֣
ִƻЦЦ
˲ˣָſ޴ɯ̸ģ
Ĭϵĵͷ
ҲԷĸһԼһˮ
֣ɯȥɽڵĲݸ𣿡
˳һڵĸ˵һ
żһѾʹӶԷ˹ʲôݸⶫأǲͲҪ˵
֪ܴܸǸʲôõ𣿡
ǡ


13Ϊ޾

˵Ļû˵ͻȻʹޱӵ˽溰޵֡Ƿʲô¡
üͷĿ˰һۣȥ
Ҳ֪ʲô״ںĵʹ£Ҳæĸ˳ȥ
ô£
ɢŨѪζĿ˱ŵİͿϡ
˿̵İͿѾԵУɫ԰ףգ֪ʲô֮ݺݵĻһ޴Ŀӡ˿ֿʹöĴ󳦶һ⡣ѪܵһƬ˵ĴĿġ
ڰִСҽңҲûټ龰Ȼŵôˡ
Ϳ˸ոԻ·ϺһͷĹޣΪ˶ȡڵ޾ԲŪ
˵ĻشɫرʮѿͬʱԲܹԸĹޣⲻ𣿡
Ϳ˹Ҳûа취Ҷ֪һİĽȣҪȡһϳ˵޾ΪԸΪİ¡Ϳ˵ȵһ׷ߺնѾȡҪĶһǺȻӦΪն˲Żôçײȥðա
޴Ϊһ޾Ҫ
ķŭˣŭ
վ󣬿ŭݣĶΪ֮
ŰͿ˵ǸһҲη鶼ѾˣޣǵþѽȻġ
ǻ͵ҽ˹ȥ
а˹ոѾƹˣ˵Ϳ˵̫أβ
һҧɴ˹ǹΨһҽ˵βһˣô˿϶ˡ
ޣ취ڸô죿ҲðͿ
԰԰ͿȻļһЩ˺¸Ƕ
İͿˣôᣬܲôȥ˰ɡ
Խ˵Խģ֪ͿǾһˣǻǲĵĶſ취ϾЩ˵ǿ䣬ҲǴݵʿѾϰܽƺֻҪһ֣һи໯Ϊ档
ȫû޲ܵġŰͿ˳Ǳ˭Ҫѹǣҽûҩ


14һȺ

˵ҲΪһ̣˶ҲôͿ˸ˡ
ԣӲͷƤȰҵ
Щգжܿ죬Ϳ˾ͱ˽ȥ
ʱĿҲ֪İһ߹ӣ첽ߵͿ˵ǰľͽ߹޸ҿˣʱһŨҴ̱ǵζ
Щ˿ϰζɰȴЩŻͽ
һž˵ĿҲܲôֱ࣬Ӿͽ߹һں˳ҧ´ͿʼͿ˵˿ͿĨ
еİͿ˷·һ˿˿֪ʼڻзʹ߽
ԱΧţҳµʮ밲ҹأԼһϢŵʥּ޵ж
ʱһֱһԱߵİͻȻߵȺУ޺ֹŪģ
˻һٴαþޱȡ
һ£˶ڿϵĿ뼯˰СŮϡǰű߹洫ζ˵ʱźصıŴӤһ
ȻŮӳúܿɰҲϲȻǰǿʿޣһʮֲ顣
ΪУ޾൱ڰĴڣľ⣬κ˶ԡ
ŮӶʲôһĵ
˵˾ǸոսͿ˷Ǹˣ˸ƤڣҲףĵӦòҲô˵İͿˡ
Ǿǣһа취ΰͿ˵ģﻹֲ졣
ߣ뿴Ϳ𣿡
˶Ϳ˶һʱ˵дһɻҩζȻǲСĴһ㣬Ż
Ǹģ˿̫أӦüʱֹѪ޸ϺͿĨп˿ڸȾһȾʮ鷳ʱȶȲˡ
СǷǰҲ֪ȺֹŰļһܲȥ
ȻЩļһһζʷ
˵˵Ϳǵˣ˼ǿں𣿡
񶾵Ůӣ֮Ĺϵ𣿡
ɺޣû뵽¾һôġ
ҡ
ֱּðٿĪ磬εĿܣ֪ôЩ͡


15ΰͿ

ϣһվ˵һ仰ϧּӦǰٷ֮ɡ
֣԰ѰͿ˵Ȼ𣿡
һѵַУ޺ȻֹͣϵĶĿҳεĳѯʡ
̧ͷҰ˵Ĳ֮ͬĶЩж
ޣҲ̫߿˰ɣʲô¾ȰͿ˰
ɲܷͿ
С壬ֻѣ˵ˡ
ԣ˿⣬ڳļûһ˾УҲһҵϳ˷ŭ֮Աǵ
˿̣޵ĿҲһһȥ·ҲԼȷ޴İϣڰС軹Ҫ˱Ůϡ
ǡ˭Ҳ벻£ǸһֱӳЦ˶ȴذͦ°ֻͣȸĳ޵ǰˣһһҿԾȻͿˡ
˵Ļڳ˶ֹͣ
ҽò˼ԭÿЦЩȻ𾴡ΪǰŮӿǿЦģȫźһǿҪϿɵƶ
Ӧмֱµģû汾£ʱǸδ֪
Ϊ˵⻰ڳܣƲǰ²̨ӲͷƤش𡣵Ϊ̨׵ûϵ֣Ϳ˵ôأҽ˹˵˵úءҲء
Ļû˵꣬־ͳϵ˵ˣܾȻܾȻ
ģ
㵣Ӣ뻶ϲ
ֳͷҽպôɽϲЩõϵĲҩڣҪǼҡ
û⣬ҪʲôԸ˵
ĿȵĿ汣֤ţִ˿̵ԿͿоˡոáڡͿĨڰͿ˵ĵطʵֻΪҽΪȫҽȴģ˵رһζڵζڽ֮Ϳ˵Ͳô״
Ȼ÷Ǻ飬ûκΰ취£Ҳֻˡ
ȥЩˮЩҩȥ飬ٸ׼ߣҪ˿Ȼٸϡ
һ˵꣬ЩһԾ޶ԡʱһȴѸٵж


16

Ǹʿ֪ʲô
޽ӲףҲãȻĳֿ˹ȥ
ɴˣô󣬿϶ûЩȰеĶ׼ã˵
ãȥ졣
棬ֲָɿ޵ڣȴյӳյ÷硣
ڿ޽ŵע£һĥϸĹ룬ûߵ£ֻǰ˰ͷʼͿ˽зϡ
һȺ˽־ĶǵĹš
ΪˣǻǵһοǸҽεġȻ԰ѱ˵˿ڵɷƤȹǰδҲ̫˼˰ɣ
һ̣û˸뷴ԡΪǸŮڸͿ˷˿ʱҲϵǵһ顣Ҳ˵һ˼˿ڣŲôӦ֡
˵ǻ۵飬⻹˵һ㶼ûΪǹСҲȻƬϳΪһߡ
룬ߣĶ˵ء
µ龰ѪȣȻһ֪ĻΪרĵķһƷСרעĲѾð˲˿˿ںһ˼ȫȻ˰Ϳ˵˿ϡ
ԱĬĬĹעţһʼ԰Ϳ˵ĵǣ𽥶ת˰ϡ
µСӨͨ͸˿ǵ֦һ
ĺ촽Ŷ˵ĹСɵĶƷ˿Ĵ£ƾһ˵ԸСһκ˳۽£մ¶Ļţʥࡣ
֣۵Ľõ˶ϵĺ飬ʵҪҪϢһ£
æҡҡͷãûɡ˵仰ʱǴżʹСǵһθҽôصˣǰЩСơһأȴһаи
ޱִŴ򶯣ǻʲôܰ𣿡
ðѼҡ

ٴһ¡ơĿޣֻܼڿбȻǸԸƶ֡
У
˵գ޾ѸٴһĥʮַĹǵǵذףȴûذ׾Ҳˡ
ĽĹǵ˵ͽԼϵTһĿɿڴֱӴӶλá˻һ顣Ȼ˺״̶ָͿ˿ڴͿĨЩ׵Ĳ֭òСİ


17߹

Ϳ˵˳״꣬ѾǺҹˡ
ֿԼָɺԵѪգЩ֧æۼֿСԼޱȺʵĻ
û°ɣ
ҡҡͷЩ㲵û¡
Ϳôˣ
ģѾɹΣڣͻѹ
޺հ˵һеظǰĿ֮ɫ𽥱Цݺϲȡ
̫ˣͿоˡ
Ҿ˵ͿСӸô׾͹ҵ
˵˵ȥλŮӵĹͣǰǴˡ
ԶԶԣû뵽ֱ£
Ȼǽߵﶼᷢġǰڲ֪ı֮ǰ˵ʱɶһȻڡѾûǵĳС
޴Լ˼֣ͬʱ˷ޱȵϵ㿴ҵڶܳ㡣
ֲԷĲݣûİһ۵鷳Ȱÿ
ƺܴϣСĦţʹһ֮С
Űֵĺǳ⣬޲ûƤҲַܰſԿġ
Ϊʲô
Ϊûֱ˵һ˫ͫȴֱĶƽ̻ѩ׵Сͣ
ž㵵ķ֣ԭԼոΪ˾ΰͿ˶Tһأڵ²壬ѩ׵Ķλε¶ء
˿֮⣬в԰Լǵһҳˡ
죬߹ѽֲҪļһŻһֱĶƤ
ǰŮ˲¶¶ȵԼ㱣صģЩһﻹûƵһֱƣ
ʵ֪Щ˻ᶢǸλһΪ̫Сɾ£ƤȰĴκ˶ףţһ˵Ķˣֶһܡƫƫ¶ĶĹ⻬׾ƽ̻ۣһ龫Ĵĥܲĳ
ǱţɣԵġУϲǺεϲᣬǳࡰᣬ㡣
ֱȺ̫òҰ˿ȴְκβǡ˿̣ҸطܿЩ˵Ŀ⡣ǿ޵ô滹ˣֱ޴ɶ㡣


18Ҫ

ڿҲϲЩֺεĶŰֵĶӿĪĴɫ΢΢һǶ뿪ɣҲ˵ˣͿѾûΣգ
տ޵ĻڨڨŲĿ
ʿҪѰͿ̧𣿡
˶еİͿʡ
æֹУ˿ڲŸոշϣǲܶ
ѵðͿ𣿡
ǿʿסܲðͿ˸ռ˰ɡ
˻Щԥʱ򣬿ȴڵðͿɣȶһЩ˵
ԸԼסĵطøͿˣҲ˵ʲô߳񣬸ԻؼϢ
ûӵȺ˿ڱִֿա
յúܣɰֻǾûȡΪϵĿ޼ֱ¯ϵ¶һֱǾӸ߲¡ͬʱܸоĳЩС˼
ÿ
һѽ޴ƿ˵˶߹ˣһﻹռˣǿɶˡ
ƿĿ޵ͷþҪըʱʧޱȡû˼˵ڲ࣬ޱʧǡ
ѹûע⵽Ǹ尾ֿյӣֱߵһ࣬ˮˮϴ֡
ûһˮͱһƬǣǶǰͿ˵ѪȾɵġ
ֲ̾˿
̾Ϣϸȴæߵ׷ʣôˣﲻ𣿡
ҡҡͷˮڰͿ˵ϵûﲻֻǾаͿ˵ɵȻΪ˸ԼϲŮʲô޾
ɵΪԼϲһˣҲġ޶Ȼ˵һ档
ֱһæŲ˶𣿡
ǲǲǰһ뿴ñҪ

һҲ֪˵ǲ滰ԼǸ磬ÿ˶˽ԴĶһǰˣ
ӹȥ̸ɫ䣬70룬ٵ80ġûɶˡٵ㲻ӡɼڵ˶һ룬ǵһֿп޵ĵز
£ȴ˵˰һ뿴ñҪ˵ʵͦڵģΪܸоǻǿ˵Լ


19˵

ԼǸطרб¶˧һͿˣһҪôԼ˸㣬ҪôϱӵԼϵȻôõ
£һĻû鿼Ҫ޹һӡ
Ͼһһ̫ԼÿԲů˵Щ˹ͨЩ
ǰĵطΧӴѣָоһӴõ˵ĵĳȻñˡ
̧°ͣбһۿޣһٵԼʱպΡ
תƻޣΨһ˯ĵطø˰Ϳˣ˯ģ
Ҳû룬һѾͽקԼĻУͷԸеĺ촽һ˷ܵ˯ϰɡ
һڽ̵ȥ
ֲ˲촽Ͽµĭǲ˵å˭Ҫ˯ϡҽ˯ˡ
˵գ;ǿĽһơ
˭֪ǻȴס֣׳ı۰ĽҲá
Ϳİ־ѾƣˣپôһڣֱһҲʹ
Ŵ¶ͷһʱҲ޷ֵŨŨ⣬źǷͷһᣬͳ׿ڿ޵Ļ˯ˡ
޼ҰèС˶û˶Ļͷ­һޱƿԼ˯
Ĵսʱһԡµİ˯úܳ޾ǰʥҳͯ棬ŵĺ촽Ϥĺɿڣۣ޸ͷ̲סһڽᡰ˱ò˵ζǱκζҪζ

˯еİֱŪṳ́ܲʵҲò˳ͷ벻֮ͬԼֻצҲסڿл裬ڿĵĲ
żŴૣٴԹܿԼС񣬺޲ϰ˯ŵ˶һڳԵ
ϧôܻʧȥһõġ
ˣÿԼŲ˶ôˣͷһһպͶͷ궯
һУ콥


20

һĨǿ˯еİָо˴ۣ뻻Ƽ˯û뵽һգԵ˵ϣڿ޶ݣѸٵİѸ첲ͷ£ˤ𵴲Ź֡
۾ӿãȻĴһֻۣϵصһĿ޵汧˯һҹ
޳ѴһЦӢʮ۵š
ֿݵѣԼƣݣʱůЩɵӣѵ𣿡
ЩӲĻζһԼֻ첲ҳԵá
̾һ۵ߵǰˣҸࡣ
һҲ֪ǲĴһϱԼѵͲֻ첲ֱӷϵֱ۱ѹľѪҺͨĻʱ˻ɻģ֪ʶѵʱҲ֪һ£
ûа취ֻС첲ϵĸ⣬ԴѪܡ
˫޹ǵСϰȥǾ˼£ܰı۾ж
ֱòᣬҧҧ˵ʲô˭֪ݲŸǣ۵áꡪһС

ѸۣĵĿʣôˣ
Լͣ۵ᶼҪҵۣôˣḧԼ촽׵лȳô󡣸տʼûʲô쳡ողôһ¾ͻʹ찡ôˣ
𣿡޵Ļˣæ쳤ӣ𶯣Ҹһ¡
ֿչıǼϢؼӿ졣һʱգѸٰͷƫһߣϵڶ
ԣ

ȴƿңҵô£
޿ˣһʱҲҽԼ̰촽˵ԼֻĶڣû뵽ˣ⡭ʵǿ֮¡
ǸҲ̫Сó˰ɡ
Žڣ˲ҲӶԷ
ֵʹϵܣóܰҵͶһ˵ѡ
ҡҡ
ڿްٿĪʱһͻȻ˰Ϳʹ


21

ףˣ
ȻﻹһΣ߰Ϳˡ
ʹȻ£Ҳȥ׷ʿޣתͷٱͿˡ
ҲĽͣؼʱȴֱͿ˹ȥĵ׳˿
ˮˮ
ջָʶİͿƺЩˮݲ԰ףҲɺԵƤˣǿ
æǰֹ𶯣ˮҸ㵹ˡ
䣬ȡ¹ǽϵʯӣͿ˵ϵ˹ȥ
Ϳ񳤾¹һ쳤ȣԷ֮£ֻһպһȥĲӣιˮûȶ٣˺ܶࡣ
ɡߵ棬ðͿ˵ͷĻʹιˮĹ̲ôѡ
ˮԺİͿɺ۾ƺЩֻܰŴܣͬҲʮϸ΢
ô죿
Ű֣ɫЩǵʡ
ȿȥҩ˵գͼһ߹ޣԼɽϲժĲҩߡ
Щģ޷׷ȥΪͿҪ
һЩʯ飬ò״˸ģС̨ȴԼ
ѵҪԭʼľȡ𣿿һҲᰡ
תʱͻȻɯ̴ǰ·Ȼ֪ǹﲻ̫ϲԼ̲סк
ɯ̿ڽлԼԥƬ˹
֣Ҹ
ɯһĿƸ߸ϣΪĵ׵ԱˡŮӲƯƤְףԸҲǳܼʺܼʡ
ɯ̣ܰҰ𣿡
ǰɣ𶼲᣿
ɯ̹¶ŵı飬ƺֻŮǰһһԽС
ֲ˼ͷǰûŪԸʾһ´ҾҲ鷳ˡ
ɯ̱䣬һϿеӣҲ֪ôΪˡ
ֻŵҪҪʯС
˵ţɯ̾ȡԼϵСƤȻóɫʯͷеʯͷһѸɲвͣĦɲǾͻĽûһ䡪һЩɲݾȼ
ۣлˡ
˷ܵС֣˾ȻôҲܵţơˡ


22ɹϮ

ɯеʯͷ۵СЩмô򵥵ʲôֵúø˵ġ
ֲɯ̵ĻϣʼԹԵļеҩ
ʱңҩͼˡʢҩٴνʱ򣬷Χˮйͨ
ЩһﶼǰҲǹİͿƵЩˡ˵Ϳ˽ѣһҲȥԣæǰ̽
Ϳˣһ϶ֵö仨Ƶġ
ֶһںĶЩ˵ǺԾųУһĴ˳
Ůʰм䣬Щӵʣôˣ
Ϳˣ֪ûС
ǰû뵽˵Ϳ˻ѣľˡ
ҰбǸ첻ö˵ЩҪ֡
ҡҡͷûϵǵʱ顣䣬ֳһЦЦֲ¿޵һС׵С촽Ըɰ
аļһϾҲѪյӣûаµ£ܵ˰һЦﶸؾͿˣֻ۾ֱŰ֣һڵǵͨһƬ
˿ûע⣬ȴƵһ
˲оԼġ죬ռͶصʧصսȭͷ
ޣղҪιҩ
ֽעԼֹеŭƽϢ漴Լ侲˼ֲŵʲôҩζȣҽ˹߿ҩֱΪͬ
İɣ洫ҩ԰Ϳ˵˺Чģܹٴٽ˿ϡ
ã㡣
ͿܻѾǸ漣ˡΨһģǰֵָʾߡţһðͿ˻ָġ
ҩ֭ܿ࣬Ϳ˺˼ζ˳ÿ°ǿй˼ڣ⡣
ҩİͿֻ˯ȥˣһɫѾ˼ĺת˶ܿͿõķչ
£ͳ˴ò˵ˡҿһǾηġ
Ϊ˰ͿһϣﶼԼõʳá
ֻۣһɣĶڿ޵š


23Ů

磬Ϳ˵˲඼߹ˡ֪Ѿû֮ǣҲæȥԼ顣
Ҳñ˭ˣֻʣ°һչ˰Ϳˣ˵˶ҲǱжˡ
ɭֶǼλ͵İˣҲǹ˵зĳߡ
ڰֲע£ǽ˿ޡ
ǰһ¸Ӣߴǻۡ
Щ꣬ңǰƬ½ʧˡ
ڴģ޾ɵػֻҪпڣǾһֱҸõӡ
ΪرĿ޵һˡĲ˵˵ڳ֮żôﱶš
ǿɫԣҪһͬĴԲСϾԺǵĺ»Ҫٴεػһְ
ȣ﹫ϵĴѡҽ˹Ů
֪ôҲǰһÿĴˣúÿ˹ѧһҽԺǲСˣиĴչţҲǷǳһ顣Ҫһֱϲޣһ𣬵ҲĽͯŮˡ
ϧͷʹǿƺ硣εʾö޺ֱӵľܾˣ˲ûн£Ūʮֲˣͬҽ˹ҲԿ˼
ĴԿʿϣȷɭֶʮͷʹ
Ϊ治֪ȥŪгɫĴԸˡ
ǡȥҴŮӡ
ɴŮôŪͱӱúܺãŵĻῴϰˣ
ҪǿӲĽܻ֮ܿսǴҶԸ⿴ġϾΪǩĺƽԼĿ޿Ƿ˲Ѫ
ڴﶼΪż鼱תʱû뵽һ漣ˡ
ԣǸ漣ǰ֡
һ޷ּذĴŮӣһŮӡɭֶοǣƺϲ·Ҳų⿨ޣԴǰҲްӺͿ֮⣬ôȫ벻ġ
վɭм䣬ֶǼλ߶ֱĿԼжʱеһ


24õ뷨

뵽һ˻ڼչ˵İͿˣûЩǣҡ
뿪һȴһͰôˣ
ޣ֪Һɭֶʲô𣿡ԼЩֵ۷ŹĶſʡ
ҡҡͷʾܲ⡣
ɭλæڵ֪λŮӵ
˵֣
ᵽ֣Цˣüڵ簮
˵˵ŮѾչʲôزˣֶǸԵˣʣֻϣܺ߳ɺ£ǶԿ޻ǰ˵һϲ¡
ܿƽڶԴ϶ų˵侲жϣŮ顰棬ȴԵüɬۡ
¿ǵͨҸҲûʲôͬͬ˯ƺ̫ϰ
˵ֲϰɭֶԽһɫҲǣŮӶʮǵˣĵطеϰأ࿴ǰһȺҰֱɣͺñǰĴڡʵˣֻǰޣ֮⣬Ҳԡ
ôͰѰһ廮ֵһ࣬ôı䣬ҲõǵϿɡ
ޣҪⴿŮӽ𣿡
ֶʳ仰Ժ󣬿Լסˡ
ðΣ˿ĿĶԶûѾһ϶İˡ
ֶɭ˵ͷһЦæǾͺãŮӿܴҲǻۣܰѰͿ˴ԵȻ̫ˡǹжĸ󰡡
ǡ˵޶˶١
Ȼӵһۿ϶֪ôġϲԼԸΪ޵İǷֻڻŰ֮Ѫأ
ֶɭƺ˿еĹǣǰļ򰲸ޣģаеʿǲġǸŮӱ񵽣ߣҲ˵ּ⡣ԣ㲻κθȥɡΪİ£ȻĺǽԶҸһ𡣡
ģֶĻԺﲻճһͼԼһȺɰŮΧڰֵߣС˵ĿԼЦĸǽһЩȤĹ¡
ǣһô˳


25

ڻȥ·ϣνʮֵá
Ϊְֿģ˳ȥɽȥժЩϲԵĺ
ֻƿһ̣еĺ˲ͻΪСͬʱһ˵ѹ뼵ʸУ˵ըѡ
֮ԻΪ־ȻԼ͵͵ѵ˰Ϳ˴ϵƤĲ˵Ҫ˫۰׵СֻͣڰͿ˳ࡰ㡱ļϴȥ¶飬ֱ˵Ŀ
Ӧз紵̧ͷǱһۣģҲ֪ʲô£㵭Ĵкˣ
ûлӦ첽ĸǰûҪͣ˼·Լĳ֣ɲ˿Ӱ졣ҲƲסеŭսȭͷһ
̳ɵĵ޵ȭͷҳһ޴ĿӡֶʱŵŴ͡
һ𣿻мЪö˶˵ĸŰ
ԣ޵һȭȻڰͿ˵ϣֻ֮ڲ֪±Դԡһȭϡ
ѽ
ֱһڰͿǰСҲջأֻǵ۾ɻ־Ŀſޡ
ĵһۣĿַŵλ档ɲǸŭ죬Կص£СƵĽִӰͿ漴ǿнСַԼҽʵؼϵҪϲҵģҲȥͿˡ
ֱԷţֻ󴦴һĵĴۣһʱղסӣ˵ϡ
ſңۣ񾭲һһҹദֻԿ˲ӡ󣬿һ֣ɢˡҰ˾ҰˣԶ֪ʲôŭҲ֪ʲô㡣
ô𣿵ҵĿɲȰͿ˵Ĳ
޿˵һǿƣʵʮܡΪڻ·ϣһֱŰģһѿɰӣȻֵȫû뵽־ȻῴаͿˡ
ͿȻҲΪҲ¸ҡǡͿѾϲˡ˵һһҹߣҲǰ˳ΪʲôĻϲأ


26˼

벻ͨҲ޷ʳڣֻǿӲķʽйĵļ
ſһͷˮĻҲյʲôĲĵģĺòøʲôϵ
˵⻰ʱĻ޽׳ʵؼ棬ﲻӲһһһƬֱ̡ȸܶԷﴫ¶ȣѸٱ糺ҲȻӿ첻١
㲻ǿаͿ˵Ĳ𣿡
޵ɴɫͫףȴźͯί
ޣ˭ˣ˵˿һŰ壬˼ôô˼ˣչ㵱ǳû𣿡
޲Ҹոȥ˵ôֱ׳ĻȻЩˡԼ
ϹôȣôູӸ˿ںױȾġ
ڸ˵뷨ˣԭͻȻôĪΪΪԼռͿ˵ıˣ
ɶԼȻƽһ㻨գ˧żҲYYһ£û޳֮ܵΣĵز
޿˿ڵǿ鲻֪ʲôɵķֿ˿Ϳ˴Ӹ֫Ѵĺ飬ؾ˹ƺûƭȫΪ˰Ϳ˵룬ûʲô뷨
һСˡļͷԡ
ǰԼԴκ鶼侲ҲǵȥһΡ
Բ𡭡֣Ҵˡ
ԴһûڵĿ෴ȴ̲סСȻֲͰͿ˵ĺģ˵ԼߵҪѡ
ô㻹˷ܣ
ֲƳڱ˹򣬵˫ȸԾ֮⣬ȴԶ׼
𣿡װɵİͷƫһߣֱӰֵ۾
ƽϵſ
˵գͽСִг˳һôģȥڵϵӡ
޼ϴϴšҪȥͿ˲ͳȥĸǰһѽӶԺִֻУԶ֡
ֱľֹŪúܲ죬βŻۣԸ̺һֵС˵һԼΪ룬㵽һ⡣˵⻰Ǹʵ


27˼

ĳΣ԰Ѿܲˣɿȴܲô࣬Ϊڵһһ⡣
Ϊԭʼˣ뷨Ǽֱӵģ˵κλʱҲ̵档
֣ûǲǻѰͿ˵ƤȹҲˣҪ°𣿡
޵仰˭ŨҵĴ⡣֪ôҲֻΪ˰Ϳ˵룬һ뵽СִڱϣǡΪ˾еĲλﻹǶµܡ
֪˼û뵽ѾֵزһŭͿ˵ֲ°ҸҪЩ㣩飿Ϊ֪ܵ𣿡
ôܻķ޷ǵûֺǸ֣ԭҶˡ
ֿŶԷӢЦһʱҲ㲻һʲôԭҪĻҲʻض
㡣
仰ıȥҲǣԼԵһҰԭʼˣͣɾǶţ٣˷ѿˮ
޲ΪڶԼ¾ֺǺǵЦ
磬Ϳ˲ˣһָʶ
ڰֺͿ޵İ΢һʳֹ˼ҩɬ˯˹ȥ
ڼ䣬û˵һ仰
޵ļֺöܾɵô֪Ҳ˰ֵĲˡ
أǻ𼱻ǣҲ֪ôźá
ͻȻһСĿʱ¶ѩ׶꣬ʱһ
֣ȳȥһ£һ
Ŷ
Ҫʲô޹أֻòԶĻӦһ䡣
ߺ󣬰־һڵϷ뵽ԼڵĴʮֿա
졭ˣʱʱ̿ԵĶһȺҰֲļһ治֪ԼֶܼáԵģȵģ˯ģסģûһ⡣
ںؼңظĸȥǡҪôܻȥأ
ƯҪһʱѪҲ䵽زԽԽڣԽԽɥ
ٴνʱ򣬾Ϳһ˰ڵϲԲƴС˱˺ѹһƬį֮ɫ
ÿһ۵˹߹ȥֱӾͽڻͷȥ


28·

ͻľֲֹŻŹ֡
ʹҵŲ˵ڸʲô
ĿĿҲı˶˵㲻Ķ𣿡
ֲϰÿԼͺ֮йʲô̵Ĺһ
¡
ңҿ԰ο㡣˵һ档
οңͷͣĵң
㲻ϲ𣿡ʵЩ壬Ϊͬ˵ʱİοʽͷȥ¡Է˿ڡǰˣһѪȻҲϰߡ
ĨĭŬŬԣҲϲУҵѵͲ𣿡
Ҳ°ϸԵʱ֪ˡ
ִһЦЦݾ޵ĸȾܸ࣬ɾ
㡭
ˣо˵׳һԲԷ˷ʱ䡣
޼ֲԸԼˣʱһ顣Ϊעóһֲڿʽ򵥵Ƥȹ
Ǹ·ˣҴӹġߣ㴩е㳤ȴպŰɣȰͿ˺ԺҸµġϲʲôƤëȹҶ㡣
˰죬һȥǸ·ѽ
ֱӵģϾԼƺҪЩԭʼΪһˡ۵ףǿ뿪ŻԼĵط
ͷһԼTʵڲٴˣҲ˵ѾԼһأھΰͿʱѱѪŪһƬǽ壬һɫT˸ŷ硣ʵҪζɡȷʵš
Σֻ㬵İѶӹŤ˵һ䣺ȳȥ
Ϊʲô
ȻҪ·
¶һһЦҲ⣡˵ʵûмԻ·ӣ뿴ѹ·ʱģĶСȶôףǲǱĵطأ
ֲûѪָŶԷҽ⡣
ޱЩԹҾͿһ۲𣿡طԶԸ͵ģǾὫΪĵطչ¶ڲñ˵ʱҲܽ
ôôͲԸأѵĲϲԼ
㵽׳ȥȥҾͲˡ
ֿһŲߵӣܲϵζҲһ￴⣬ֻš
ʧֲǼֻӲͷƤðɣҴӦ㣬ߡ


29߹

ۿߵſˣ޺Ȼ˻ȥ
ֱȥŪоæ䱸ʣֻ
עƬ̣ЩŤԲ£Ϳƾʲô£
ֱӷ쳤̾磬Ϳ˯أΪһ
޲ĵСֹǿ˵׼һҪͻȻأⲻͰװױСˣ
˵ô죿
ǳһû취ˣɵһЭĵ
ĿһӢٶʱݹа취ˡ
䣬޾ʹҴҵ˳ȥûһżƬҶһܻ
ڰȫ㲻״£޽ƬҶӵı涼ߵͿ˵ĸǰҲ˼ԸԸ⣬Ҷ˰Ϳ˵Ƥ档
ֱһĻֱӾˣͳԾ˰βŵޣʲôѽ
֣һ󹦸ɵģֻСӾͲ͵ˡ
˵۾𣿡
İɣֻҪ͵ɵԺͻԼ䣬κ˺ġ

޼ԴľվΪǱԼӢжʮֵĻӻֵˣڿ԰Ļ·ҵţҲõĺʲôˡ
Ұ˾Ұˣǵİ취ҲֻҰҴֱģѹͲָжֶΡ
·Ժ󣬰ִַԼϵȹʵ̫ˣŮ˴ൽϥλãأ쵽ˡ
ϰҲɿģҲ͹ԲģԼֽڵλþţǹϵƤĨʱ
ҪƤʵڹڴֲڣûоӹرĲһ̹򣬰־ѾԼѩ۵İ׾ӵƤˡ
֣
ãЩͷ
޾ɵ˵˾ˣ޾ȲĴ˽
ִƤȹģͦÿģƤۣʹȹӴϸۡ¶ǣþһƷڼĺڷҲһ˵Ұŵ
ΨһǣȹԳЩҲ˵㣬޷͹ȵġ
֣ÿֻؿʲô𣿡޵ĵʳѵɻ󣬾ѸٵҪȥ顣


30

ΪŮԵȻкǿҷʶڿһ˲ܵľҪȥ򿪡
û뵽ǣϵƤĨ˫뿪һɲǣҲȻȻĴؿڻ䵽ʡ
ڿʼδ£һ˫ְԲãôһŵӳ۵ס
û뵽ԭĴԵԳôˣܰףܹ⻬
ཡ
һḭ̆ȥ˫ɫͫʣĶ޷Ŵ
ʶԼһԭµĴʱһжѾˡ
ֻڼйæĨػҵ˻ȥϧÿѾǸ˿ˡ
ԿȵĿ⣬ֱֵþҪˣ˿ܻĳȥǸһһȭǡϴεĿһĻ֣
ֻôţˮзľί֮ɫ
㻹
ſǻѾĨȥˣɿǹڳ̰Ŀ⣬Լǹһ㡣
ոյӾ̫𺳣޲һֶӲŻ
ۼֿ챻ˣԵЩ޴ֶԲҲ֪·ǸҪҸСһ㣿
˵գԲסཡ˿ĭ
˿Ҳ̲ס̵̣þҪըһ㡣
־ÿǹ׽ŪԼܿԼĸӲŮˣȴƫƫô··
ڵ⸱ģ͸˼ͻȻȺƵģǺ޲˹ȥ˷ĵ
ˣǾ;ܾҲŲҪ
Ϊʲô
Щʧʡ
ҪľͰԼģҪæ
Ŷ
޴ЩڸӦһԺʱʱطŸոޱȾ޵һĻһʱܣ޲ҵطйһ
һ뵽йĪ߿
ʲô
ڵİѾ˾֮˿ûаȫеһ޳Լ߿£¶˲١ŵֱߺ˲˵ָǱǰһ޼µķ


31ʵ

ӱýֱɺ⣬˻Ƶ֣뱧㡣
ſҪֹҲ֪µ𶯣վı𶯣
ľͲˣգ۾ɵƵĳȥСˣСĵԲԲģ˼ֿɰô죿ȥˣ̫⣬ôֻԼš
ֵû뵽޻ôûйͷԵģôͻȻֺѵĸоأ
ޣŲҪҰ˵ϱأԺСҰ˳һҲɰһҲϲ
ڽ󣬰ּҲûٵôߣɫǸðͿ˵ھͱ밴˵ȥҪôȥŪЩ߹Ҫô¸һ׺ʵ·
ǰһ̫ˣʵûš
룬Ҳִһȥʣ߹⡣ԼԼҿҲˣҪȥ汻İȥǵòʧ
ϸ˼ʵʵİհ˵ĳȥˡ
ûã֪ŪһƤȹ
ֽȹӹҲûмŴϸǰš
ֿõ·رҲ̣Ҳɣûܾøոպá
ףոհҵθ𣿡
վĶſޣжٸһ˿ů
˭֪ȴҡҡͷȻǣҪʱ䣬ҪѡһЩϸƤãҾµģҲûôٶȡ
Ǵģ
ǴɯġҸղ룬ĴҲɯ̺߰ݲ࣬ӦñȽϺʡ
ɯ̡һɯ̿ɻһδĺӰԼôˣȴֻǿӵ·һʱֶЩԱû취˭ŮԳʵ̫׳ʵߴ󡣰ּǵУ͸Ȳзûʲôɡ
ԣɯ̵ģȥԣӦúܺ
˵꣬޾ͳȥ
һǺԾԣûðʲô
ߺ󣬰ҲٽʲôʹɣֻҪܱǰ׺á
·İ־ͽͷ˿ԺԼķȦãͼ޴ˡ
޾Ϳѩ׵ĺ󾱣ʥ࣬ƯþƵġ


32ҩ

һ¶ȴתſ޵ļһʲôܲȥһϴɯ̴ȥɽϣѺãϾԼˣ̬ҲҲȥ
޵ȥʲô
Ϳ˵ĲҩѾõòˣҵٲһЩ
ڶѾˣҪȥ
УͿ˵ҩͣġ
ôͿ˵ˣȻЩССĳԴףһԼôҾľҲĵ׵ĸеˡ
ðɣھȥ
š
˴ɽϲҩѾ׺ˡ
ɽ·УҪпԱǵһ·
УҲϢ̣±¨ӾæŸͿ˼ҩ
޿ͣæǰæ󣬰׾մȾҲ֪жۡ
úЪţԼһУϧҩǸѹͲᡣ
ȷ̰Ϳ˺ҩѾǺҹˡ
һƨڵϣһô
޼״첽˹ȥһѽᱧȻƨһƤԺŽ¡
̫ˣͲעһ𣿡
Կ⣬ֻƫͷЦЦۣ붯ˡ
𣿡
š
ͷȷʵܶϧֲ֪ʲôһڵİ׷ɶģϧǿġ
ȥŪԵġ
뿪һʹȽǼ汻úںģȹϵⱻʲôĶһһĿӣʹҲúܽ
԰ɡ
ҲһȾС
ţڻŴֻۣ
ôˣ
޼ʳһ£ЩɻĿʡ
û𣿡
ˡûŶ٣ҪǿζԵЩմһ㡣
˵ţ޾ʹͳһСúҶŵϸȵڰҪʳõļ棬õһֽ֮÷˻ȥǸСģеʳλ˷ѰƵġ
һһУԿ޵˽⣬ӦòСˣӺǻ᲻øԼãⶫ˵Ӧúϡȱɣ
ǣ̽һ䣺ޣǵǴģ


33

ҹʱ򣬰μԼһСϡСͻˣͣҡεġ
Ϊ˲Լ˾ߣֻƴץסΦˣԴԼڷһһ㰲ȫС
ŰֵĿޣ˲񱻵ѨվԭһҲӢǷϾĪ¶һƻʹĹŹ顣
ڷĵòɴͫԼƤȹȥ
ǵģû뵽ֻ˯ʱץסǶеüСõ͵͵ģ·μʲôµĶˣȫ֪ڽĶʲô
Ϊ˲ֻܱŲҲûнѡ
ա
ָ첲ЩĴӿ޻źǷϰԵȥ졣
ȻСֻδǶˣᵽһرֵζ
ζȣеڵ͡
ʲô
ַ飬ʱԼļָͷճģͿһ׺Ƶġ
ޣ
֪ɶµİͷȴԼԱϺǡһ˫۾
ʵĻδڣ¾ܻȥȭͷҪ쵰ʲô
û֣ʲôҲûСȭȭؿڴţô㡣
ûʲôҵʲô
ָźţָ滹ŵֶ޲ý
찡ⶼЩʲô¶
ŭˣŵĵĽס΢侲Ƭ̲ŵ˵˯˷Ҫģҷ˺ôҲɿȥɣһ㣬ͦһͺˡ
ʲôһ㣿ҲСŵģЩճĶôͣ
նԷһίĻֱһסŨܵëһͳҷй
Ҫˣ۵ֱˣɿȴޱһֱûк߳ˣĬĬı
ˣҲˣҲˣɶԿҰ˵𲻵κá
ֻŴӿ޻뵽֪һУTMðѵǰͬھ
ݡ
үΪʲôҪϱӵʲô
֣𼱣ȥˮϴòã
޷ְˣ֪ԼǷ˴Ϊֵüԭ£òվ֡


34ͷ

ת
޴ƤȹͷԵ˳ȥ
ûһһ޴ʯһЩˮ
ֶƴ갡ģ޲ðֱϵƤһ顣
Ա߿۵֣ŪԼġ
Ҫܡ
ȴԵߵǰһѽСסȻԼĿڵλõ᲻ԴԼҪǲԴңҧҲУƤۡ

ӭھεĿ⣬ֱһӻ֪ΪΣ˿ȴ
ΪܹǰĿĺ⣬κζҪصöࡣ
ˣ´Σ
ֵһۣšطһȺĪˣַôĪ飬޷ı䣬ҲЭˡΨһľȱסѾҪ
ֵĻ࣬ƲסĶͷһǡ
ֱľٶŪ÷ѵʲô
㲻ǲϲҾ䣬ͷ

ǣʲô֪ʲô䲻ͷġҲ߯а˰ɡǣĳ˻һ޹ѹ֪Ǿ仰ᵽʲô̶ȡ
ְһۣոңǵطŮ֮ǲġǰ¹ϵſԡ
һЦ㣬ǲǾҵİˣ

ëİһ϶ûи˵һ仰Ϳιҩûжˡˣľ״̬Ҳʮֲ
˵һͿŵ֪Լ㶪СҪǰֳ־ѳһ߱ʬ塣
ͿΪмһץסϸ˵ʲôҲɿ
ǼİŮ˱ȾָĶŰͿ˾֣ĻܽСٻȥ
Ϳ˲׿Ϊʲô˵Ļ˿̵ɫʵ̫ˡôǵһοʿŭģ˵ÿһֺ鶼ôͿŵһ£ȻȻľͽɿˡ
ôˣͿ˲ֱӿİֻͫһãȻĳѯʡ
ְе˿һۣŰͿ˸Цһû£㿪Цء


35ָ

Ϳ˲ȷĳ޷ȥ֡޵ô࣬ôҲЦ
Ϳˣɺãҵڵü˿ڡ
õģлл㡣
ͿԺ󣬰־Ŀ˿˲λְͿ˵ϵʮѸ٣ֱĺü
ٶȥٹӦþͿµˡ
Ҫͨ࣬Ҳһҡ
ʲôʣҲ̫ǿ˰ɡѵΪǰ޵Եʣ
˰Ҳ벻ͨͶŰͿ˵˿һֱ
޿УЩСԴ׵֣ôˣ
տ޲ζѯʣŻ̧ͷŰͿοһЦ˺õúܿ죬ֻͿµˡ
Ϳһϲ˿Ҫ˵һЩлĻ˭֪ȴڵУͱ뿪
ֺͰͿͬʱޣʲô˼
ȴһһ˰̧ԼסʱרŻտ
Щ˲ҩ
ֻҪôС
ĻӦţɫͫжٵ¶һĨͿѾûΣգ֪ΪʲôҪôΪһЩԲãҲ˯㣬ﻹҪôΪ룿ߣԴͿԴԼ
ûģ޾һԵ뷨
ǡ
ֻû˵꣬޾ͽĿת˵İͿϣͿˣΪأ
ܵ˫֮⣬һ˵ľ޴ѹðͿæĵͷԶԶԣЩѾܴͿʿˣҵҲõòˣԻȥԼ
ðɣǡ
ʵðͿٹ۲죬һԼȷЩٿ޵ʵжôص˿ڼʱȫϡϧ⿨޺ͰͿ˶ԸôҲֻա
֪ͿڿԲסˣͷתһֿķ򣬴ǵһӢֳ˰Ц
ڶ죬컹û͸޾˰ѰͿ˸̧ˡ
ǰͿŰֵⶣһĨᡣ
ǰŮúƤ𪣬һ˫۾ǻͿ˴δŮˣҪǣȵģôֳǻۣʿһϲɡ


36

뵽Ϳ˲޷Ƴ˹ȥֿҲڴԼǱرĲÿ쾯Լʱһģһ
ͿæѲһٶ
Ϳˣס˿ڲҪմˮ˿ڸеҲҪȥΪϡ
Ϳ˵ͷʾԼǵú̧ͷ͵͵Ŀ˰һۡɵðԽģμĵס
Ҫǿʿ̫ˣԶ࿴۵ġ
Ϳ˱̧Ժ󣬰Щĵš
ߵĺ棬һС§ʵʵô᲻ðͿ𣿡
ַѾҪǼһƿϧ˰Ҳͽ޹ֻûʲô᲻õģֻһҽ߶ԲӦְˡ
꣬аˬǺãӽֿԹˡ
ʲô磿ҷſ
ˣİͷڰֵļϣͬʱͣԼչι°ȥĶѡ
ǴӵĸоѰŪжˡҪǣһȵϢӶӴȥ·оеϴܹɲʱ䣬һܿƵḻ̌˿޵Ļ
ڽס˵Ȳľͱ˷ֱܵſĻƤϸϡ
Ԥд²æ§ſ޵Ĳֵڴʲô⣿
治ĲֱͫǶû˯ãڰͿ˲ˣһߡ
˵ߡ֣һԴű⣬ѹֳеС̡
ֵȻа˼óԸ¾ԼҸ첲⣬ǻһ
ƺһ˫еĵط˼ĵɴ۾ʵû뵽ֻ뺷һ棬˿̣ǵûԵø˷ˡΪǰ־һֻСҰè̲סҪѱ
ޣ㡭
ӣ˭֪ûüж޾ͻȻѹ£һͨס
ԺȥĴʹеѡ
ڳͷԺ󣬱˸Ķ˱ֵ㴽ʱƿʼֵļߡ
ûԴһβСƼ˰֡ࡱѩ׵Ľĵһڿ޵Ժоþû֮ȥ޲ֹһλóϷ£ɵĹ۰ֻϧһ̵õ壬ĸԸĿȴֻᱻϵĴ̸˵ú޷


37ҧ

׵߻صİֺȻӦؿλһŮΪԺеĵطȴƿأǻŭ
Ҳ˲ô࣬ҧס˿޵ͷɲǼ䣬һĨǻɢ
ҧͷĿѸٴѹ°ͣн֯ȵĹâƷǳԸ˾롣
µİֱŪǱ´ϢֹȾϵɫΣ˵Ըйâ
޲˲ѪŰаȵĻЦ֣֪֪ԽԽϲ
ѵЩָ£ȴǴĳĴʹ˾мˡ
֡ޡһŲµѪĭǰɫļһ󺰵쵰𿪡
ȤζĻԵ֣˼ȻҵߣôעҵŮˡ
ŮˣȥˣҲŲ⽨ס
ִϢţʹؿҲϡ
޿УΪտȵ֣ԭҲ˵ô³ĻΪʲôһҲУǾɰأ
˵գֲҪ쳤
ֱѹöˣֻܰͷŲһߣԴĶħ֮ǡ
˭֪һȴûȥĶϡô˻ᣬͷΧ
ֱû˼Ƥһ˵֡顱Уܡ
ˣȥһڲʱ򲻹ԼԸԸ⣬ǶҪΪһһѵСҰˡ
뵽־̲ס˸ս
ۼĿϸСķӦгŨϲɫںȣֻҪҾͲˡ
үвͣŭšЩʲôأֹ޵Ϊ
ԴˣּÿҪˣǧһ֮ʣ뵽ʲôؼһס˿ҪĴ֡
ޣ㲻ǻΪʳεⷢ𣿡
ʧصĳ棬ֵȻЩˣ޻ͣͷϵĹֿҰڰֱǼѵˮһµţôˣĻӦɳƶƣ񼴽ĻɽǰϦ


38

ͣæĳ˳ŪѾһصƤĨأ齹ŪֻҪˮھͿŪΡ
˵ھͿ԰ŪΣ
۷ĶŰֻ֣˵һлԲʵ
Ϊһ̱סԼĵߣòȥţڿԴ𣿡
˵԰Ѿ˹Ϊ죬Ȼý˵ҪλáңѾˣԺȵĻҲеǣһʱ̡
ӰСŲˡ
ͬҲȥֻԼÿҪ߳Ѫ
һӢһ࣬Ǳǰ˻ٵóˡ
֣εԺ˵ȵңҵóȥһᡣ
޴ӵѵ˿ĭ˫ȺѺ£ǰһ
ִҪʲôȴϸʡֻܻҵĵͷãȥɡ
εĵͷͿٳ
һߣֽ񾭶ȻһɣɲǼһ̲ĵĻƤϣһĸǡ顪Ҫˡ
£֪ովʲô
Լʮӣ޲Ŵ
ǰȥ̥һ㣬˿ȥһܰ뷽ǸɫģֱԶ
ɼˣҲϾող˲žôЩ顣Ƶ壬С
ߵֵĸǰʲô¶ûƤЦ֣ҪҴˮһ𣿡
ϼ΢һԼȹЩá
ո˵Ļɣ˫ɫ簮뻶ϲ
εĵһ۵ȥѺˮɣȻôΣ
գӢ¶ޱȲõЦݵãھȥŪˮ
޳ȥ˵ѡ˶ʮǿ׳ӣʢˮʯԼһͬС
û˿ɫڼɧĶܷɡ¾ͽԼջµ·ȥϴˣͬڿ㶼ɹԱߵĸľ֦ϡ
ɯÿԼС**ﶶˮΧǰ֣õʲô


39

ֻͷɯ̵ɻЩ̫˼Ľ͵£Ů˴汣زġ
ɯ̶˿˰Σִ˴ǹĵø߸ߵź࣬ЩŮ˶ᴩ𣿡
ףΪ˺һŵţŮڷ֮󶼻ᴩ

ǿʼصʱ򡣡
Ŷɯ̵ͷ˿ԼظȻ̫ҲһССɽ𡣵Щ˼ľԼȹǵ֣Ҳʼˣ԰͸𣿡ɯֵ֪ȻСΪʲôôˣһǴµԵʡԼһôƯ´ϣһÿ

һʱ֪ôӦ
ô᲻𣿡
ɯЩ̫ĵʣǵǰ˵ҪѵģȻѣǾͲôС
ǰҴġҪϲԺҷһ
Ҿϲô죿
ϲҲаΪߴ粻ԣҪǴǵ𲻵ã˺塣
˵ĵȷûм٣ڵɯȻѾˣǸӣĴbraкܴĸá
ɯգɫþɥ˵𣿡
Ŀֿĵͷɫ˵ѵģûƭ㡣Ժ󳤴ˣҲ١
ʲô
ɯĿһתͻȻע˰Ǹõķɫڿϡ
ŵİڿĵǱŮԸ˽ĲλãҴģ㲻Ҫ
ڵİֻſأһ͸о쬵ģһҲϰߡ
**Լôȥһ㰲ȫҲûС
ɯȻδ꣬Ķ١֪˵˽λʲôҲ֪ÿںܶȽĶԸ͸ԼҲȻ
ðɣĶҿԲҪҴӿʿ˵Σ𣿡
ֻûش𣬺ؾͱһҲ̫ѵˡ
ʹţɣ˵һֱƿڴУεҲֻƺļֵ֪һͨŮˣܶôࣿ
˵⻰ŮһͷҰԸеĲ˾Ƥƫƣһë׺Ƥȹٺŷ԰ֵ˵ԷƯмԸС


40˵

ӶԷͬʱǸŮȻҲŹĻᡣ
ܿ죬Ů˵оͳֳһĨ벻ʡ
ԭŮӡ
ɷܰףҲҲ̫˰ɡܱúñӦܻóһЩǰ˴Ĺ壬ǿɾͲ˵
ֻûĴԣ˵ʱɥֱѩʲôģƶӲȥɡ
뵽Ůӵ˲˲١
ʲôɯ̲õĵǸŮˣСУһֱСΪǰЩӰֻûгʱͲֹһεŷޡ
κԼ̫СɯվȻˡ
ΪʲôҵҪŮ˵ʲô£û죬ϸûŪ޾Ȼô
˵ҲΪԼ֮һ˵ֿҪϲˡƯƢãܸɡԣɯ޷˵ľվ˰ߡ
ʿǵ죬еľԶӢȷġô
ҵȻûɿޣɵֻŮ˰ˡָŰ֣൱
ǰЩ˰Ϳˣ˵Ӧøм߸Ŀ˵˵
ɯ̰Դǵ
ܲζ㲻мһ˵ĻӦΣҪûүү˹ҲܾȻذͿ˵Сˣǰ˶˭ƽģ
ҽ˹˵ˣͿ˵̫أ;Ȳ
үүֶѡΪǿʤȫ֪Լ⻰˵жء
˹Ϊʲô֣
Ϊϴζҵ̬̫ҶʾˣǲԸҽ¡˵ӻԼƯҲãһүүѧһЩҽ͸㲻׿ΪʲôԼ
үү˹Ҳ̫˰ɣȻ˻ȡ֪֪ôǣʿֻ֪ôǣ
ǰܴ֮ڣȫΪŽ˽ûġߵÿ˶Լ˿˹ΪеΨһҽȻԼ˶ⲻȣ⽫ǶôӵС
ҡҡڷӦԼ˵ʱһжѾˡɫŵǰ͵ɯ̣Ҹո˵ģ氡Ϳ˵ʱ˵ȷ˵̫ˣүү֣ҲȲ˰


41ʯʢˮ

һҪ޵ģɯȴĲûаͬߣһ˸߿ʿ಻˵ĻҾͲ֪ˡ
㡭
õɴ飬ȴ޿κΡ
֣ǵȥɣҪԼ˶ȵͽ˵

Уּɯ̵ûСĵƵĿɰЦǰοɯ̣ˣ˵ӦûͿ˵˵ȷأүүȲҲпԸ
ûʱͿ˳ǰʱӱ˺ѳôļʶҽܾȵ˰ҲǸشԵŮˣզ˵ô޴Ļ
ҲŲǲأ˵ˣҾҪ߿ʿɯͿŮ˲ˬˣò׾סĴܷŹ
ûãҲ˽֮Ķǲö죬øԼҲʹ졣
ǣͺɯ̶ЩĶûã̫ͻĴˡ
ʱͻȻ춯
ɯÿϴϲɫǿǻˡ
˵ޣҲ̲סͷ̽˳ȥ
Ȼ⣬ʮӸﶼŸʯͰ߸ϡ
ʯͰװˮǾҵĲСĽһЩ
֣һǺˮǿȥ
á
˸߳ͼеĳӭ˹
Ŀڰֵϣδɵĺˮȴȶ¶˺ӰϲЦݵ֣ˮŪˣôΰɡ
ֿ˿ڵųһеʯͰͰܴ󣬵ˮࡣȫĻӦҲֻʮӰɡ
ָǶŪЩˮԼǳһӣˮУⱩɹֻɾС
ڿ㺣ˮ춼
û취˭ȺһʯʱôʯͰȥװˮˮûгʯͰıɡ
Щʯʢˮ⣬ҲûбĶáǰЩͿ˼ҩ߹˵Ƿ˺ܶһġ
ⶫʯ㣬ҺܺáʢˮĻӦ÷ö࣬ò̫ࡣⶫˤ飬СĿǾ͵òʧ


42࿿£

ֲи̾ţǻ۵Ĵڡʱָ֮ô˵ҲȺֻʹļһǿ
ԼûпٻصȽᣬôҲҪŬƬ½ŵЩ࿿£ٸԼͬһ𣬻ҲͲѾˡ
֣ʲô
޼һԲĶʯͰĺˮ㶣ΪʲôѣٵؾͲСѯʡ
˵棬ǲ˼뿨̫׽æ˻ȥû£ֻǾ⺣ˮе١
𣿡ޱĽǲ֪ΪЩˮԼ˷ɽԽ˺ó·Ū
ðһƳһ·żʶϢ̡
ֿ˿޺ʹﶼһƣ۵ģʵڲٽԼĻ˵ֻӲͷƤûϵڿʼɡ
ҪΪʲô𣿡ŴЩ˷ڴʡ
һڴʯͿˡ
ɹΣΡ
õ֣ϾΪ׼޴Ӧţ͸һûжĵȮǰһֱڰԡ
ʯͨĥ̴һ㣬׺ܺ񣬼˺ܾõĻǹſʼ
ʯﵽһȶȣ־浹ˮ
ˮڸµ£𽥱١
ȹˮʣһʱ򣬰ǰѵڶͰˮȥ
ˣûжúˮոˡȻʯĵײȴ漣һЩѩ׵ɳ֮
ּˣ˰ѹ̧ʣĺˮµľľΡ
֣ѵЩ𣿡
޺˽Բ˼ĶһĻϼǲš
ֳͷûƽճԵŵĻǿԳ
ԡ
Ǹʮ꣬൱㣬òһ˵ĵӶ󣬶رζϲȥһЩ
ںˮΣЩ̫ţԲԸµҪվһԡ
ͬʱͶȥɵĿ⣬ȴûƵģ޷˵ߵǿʯǰʳָЩľһĨٷһɲʱϺ¶ϲ뼤֮ɫ̵ģ̵ģƽԵηһģһ


43γɹ

˻һ޺ͷ
̫ˣǰһҲˡ
ǰԺҲðǵȥһǿԸˡ
ϲʤĻЦ⣬ĿĳƳ˹ȥ֣
־ҲǼʲô˵飬ҲþӹʲôģֻǳЦҲ˵ʲô
ʱͻȻоŵһգ˲ʧȥƽ⡣֪ʲô£ͱǸ׾ٵ˰ա
ʱֺĬĽסָ߸ߵ
ȻܲϲȥϾҲ̫ûȫˣвע⣬ԼܾܿҪˤð졣ǣ֪֮ԻȫΪİݡڹŴӾֻд˴󹦵ˣʸִ
ˣͷΣӼ£϶ҪѸҹ³ˡ
Щ˰㶼ûвֵĲʣɺܷ
ûа취£òеĳͶȥĿ⡣
Ҳ֪Ӧʲô첽嵽ȺУֱӽЩƿ̶׼ȷĽİֽס
ʱİѾͷۻˣĻٴεȥֻ§ס޵ĲӣҵֹһЩĻ
ɫЩףʲôҲû˵൱ѿı
ƽڻƤϣæȥ̽ĶĿ͵ʣ֣ôˣûﲻ
Щͷ⣬Ļá
ֲСɬЦЦ˵ûʲôǱεЩܡ
ңȳȥθˡ
á
ĿͿ뿪ΰָߴıӰͻȻĵ״ܹһĨů⡣
˵һ³ɫһ㣬û˵ÿ¶ֹ۰ϹҲڶˡ
ϧûڶԵʱ͵صϡƫƫҪôҰĹȡ
ʯβ࣬Ҳֻаӡ
Կ޺˵ѾܶˡҪȥһҲһ޾ͷС
޾ĽηָԺ󣬾Żȥúȥһ½Ĺ֡
ʱɯס·ԹŹֵĶ
ɯ̣𣿡üЩǣҵԼסĵطһۡ


44ʳ乫

ɯæͷţйҽ˹ġ
Ŷ˵
ȻһĵŰ֣Ϊ죬ǲԼı֣ΣպʱҪһվͽ
ɯԥƬ̣ջǽ˵Щһֲ˵˿
ԺһӾͺˡ
˼˴ɯһȥ˹סĵطȥʡ
˹ûоΰͿ˵ı£˿Ů˵˵Ǽ֮ˣ˲ʡ
ɼˣûеõͬ顣İˣҪͰ˹ϳȥ
Ͼүʵ̫ˣÿൽԷָʳȴ˵Σ̶֮Թۣ˸Ͳڹ壬Ϊ顣
ѹû뵽Լ˵Ļôصĺ͹ڵϱſ޵ȿġ
֪ĻӦǳǿ֮ʵҪƽԼҲ͸뼸䵹Ҳˡ
һ뵽쵱ɯ̵湫Ȼ֣΢Ĳζ
ΪԼһҲΪֳһ
ԣޱĽӽƿˣһһڰ˹Ϊ˲ٹ׵ķϣҿԲүϳȥӽԺֵõʳҪһó乫乫ʳָЩײ϶ļͥ
˵ʣҲΥֻܿŵͷʾͬ⡣
ֵУԺ־һٶаҪ֪㲻үү˹Թ
ǡ
޴ʱ򣬰Ѿ˯ˡ
èƵһţǸȱȫеӲ˺ۡ
һ͵ȼõĻѡ
˻ӳգڵһƬʱˡӰǿޣæһ䣺
ż˿⣬һĨΥڴ
ָоͺȴõ˶Ҫʱһ㡣
Ī˷ܣոֵԾǰԼżȻĿǣ֪ĻΪѾһ˼ʮء
Ŵ͵Цһŵͷţˡ
Ƿôôʱ䣿


45뿪

ме鵢ˡ޲ûаͷү˵ǿ첽ߵߣԼƤĶȡ˳
Ķ𣿡
һ˵һ߾ͽֽϴõء¡ڡ㡱˳
ֿһԾæʣô֪ҵģ
Ϊζ㡣˵գ޾͵ͷϴء¡kuֻһһܵı顰ৡһ¾ðֵߵͨ졣
ǰϹôһ˧Ҫκһˣ֪Ǹöġ
֣һѾͽԼ˻̵ֺҶҵĶ
ʱҿϣıȡˣԾ͸˻
ޡְѶͷõ͵͵ģߵȥһۡ
޿ӹŹ֣Щʵ֣ЩǸʲôõģ
̧ͷ¶̵ļһ֪ô͡ҪǰĵطôһƺȥˣˡĲǴ޺֣
ôʲôҽ̻Σѵûʲôʾ𣿡ֲ⣬ֻǿӲİѻת
˵Σ¶ˬʵЦݣſ˫۾ͽ§뻳Уͷһ˵κֻҪģҶӦ㡣
ģһϲҲ˽Էƿ
šףŵİĴӦ
ܷ𣿡
뿪ˣ֮ǰԼҲ޷صĵطҲһȺǺЩҰİһ
Ҫߣ޵ɫٿؾͱˣúˣͬʱ»ɢһ
ȥģ
üͷʵðԵֹϡ
һʱƸ嵽βŻҡҡͷЩãȻ֪
ȷȫνĴ࣬ҲֻżЩһһŲ֪ȥǡ
Ȼ㶼֪ȥǾʱɡ
⻰شüȰԵء
ֲ죬˵һҡ֣޾ֱվ˵ӶûУȥ׼


46Ӥ

ҲֻӦͿ첽˳ȥҲ֪ȥŪʳǿڻر⡣
һ¾ˣԼڿ˻ڣߣûôס
ԣҲûмôȥֻǺʧջĿ⡣
Ź˰ʱӣ޾Ͷʳˡ
Ȼǿ⣬Ŀζģȫ졣
ûʲôθڣһ㡣
޿ûʳΪΪոյԼҲȥο
ΪԸ뿪Լȴô᲻ǰԸȥôҪ뿪
һ뵽뿪ûľؿڷƣһ˵ѹ뱯˸̲סȭͷڵҳһӡ
ֱĪľٶһĹͷʱ˵ϡ
㡭㡭
治֪һַʲô裬ϴΪͿ˵Ҳǿӵڻûƽءѵȭͷⳤģܰһӣõö
ܵİͷƲӰûʲô
֡
޲Ӧȴֲصȥ
־ǿİק˻ѾѪģĿֱܻµ㿴㶼ԼŪˣѵ𣿡
޶û˵Ҳûۡ
ڰּתʱȴЦ
ڹң
⻹ǵһθֵܵĹģǾ˵ںԼġһ뵽⣬ŵĲһӾɢˡ
ֱЦŪһƤ񣬵һûǰˡȥҩҸϡ
ˣ㴵Ͳʹˡ

൱ǰɹƬ̣Ҳ֪˵ʲô
ްȥģûгľӤ
ˣ㰮ôξôΡ
ͷһᣬƤȥԣ۲ΪԼôɡ
ŸհŲֱ֪ܵļһ͸ż˹˫Ĵؾͽ§ģµĿҲĳвζ
죬ևŶԷҷſ
޲ɰýģ°͸ļϣЩѹܵ𶯣Ҿͱ˯
˵Ǽ٣ʱǲҶˡΪǰѡǹûҪ˼


47ĵ׵Ĺ

£ָ޷ۣﲻɵÿʼ˼룬ԼС˯ſ޾ͻԵ
ɾʱ򣬰ֵĶͻȻ˴صĴ೤־ȣҹڴĿڷ١
Ŷϸһʳָڿ޽ֽʵؿڴ˴ֶԷûлӦԼٵֳǰɣô˯ˣΪԼ˯һ󶯾أͷȴ˯ˡ
ϸһ룬Ҳûʲôס죬޲æŴ˴ԾΣҹΪð˯þίԼһӦҲܲסɡ
ɲǼ䣬־ǰҰӸеһ˿ۡ
뵽ֻˣҲû˯⣬ĵĴӿԼѱƵTȡ˺״Сڿ޵ֱϷЩҩٽ˿ڰ
ǸƢҰļһŰҹĻҪ˿ڡ
Ǻǡ
ٿأ˯ŵĿҲ֪εʲôֺ¶ǿѩݣǻۡ
ΪˣĶЦʲôЦҰΪ㣬ǿ֢ˡԣǿ֢
޸֪˵ʲôв߽ͣ֡֡
ɵӣ
ԷζڽԼ֣һСʱֱͨͨ
תͷЦ˶Էһ䣬ȥ˯
ڶ죬һͷ˲Լϵı
Ϳҩ໹аַǸ־ΰͿʱһѵԼ˯Ժ˿ڣ
ĳȥ˿˯СԼĻУ޴棬ճһĨ˵Ӱ
ǺǣǸɰСҲϳϹԼȴƭˡ
ԽԽ˷ܵĿޣסҪ쳤Ҫȥ
ϧ͵㻹δɹͱ˯ŵİһơϡ
ǻĸоÿ޴˰ΣΪˣ̧ͷȥ˯ɸոһô׼ȷĴԼأ
һСԼķ̫ǿˣȻô˯˻ܴ
͵ʴ׵Ŀֻ㬵ĴӰ뵽ûԶٶЩĲ¡
ȥһݸСֻģʱԼˣ̶൱Σյ顣


48

뵽޾ĳ
ȷ޳ȥˣŲ͵͵۾
С飬ҪȻֵñռˡ
ſ޲ڣϴСóֻŽŵĽԺ;öѾɽˡ
ſôòҲ֪ɶȥˣƿȥͼɯŸ֯ˡ
װ˳Եģп⣬кдСС񵰡
Ҫȥ𣿡
֪
ֶɯʳЩ˼ĻشʵҲʲôޣµĴҲȲѡ
ʿոѾȥ˺ߣ֮ǰܻ
ȥˣҪȥ𣿡
ǵģ߸ǴҵηǳﵱȻҪİ취ȥŪ
Ŷ
ŶӣشŲβεģֻ֪Լܶ
Ҹ˳Եġ
ɯ̵ĻͶ̥һӣĹӺͿ
ллɯ̣㲻Ҿͻιȥġ
ɯ̱ӶЦ㲻лңǿʿԵģ˵ûгʲôܵء
ȿȡɯֳĻһСľ͸Ǻסˡ
û°ɣɯ̼ȥı˳
æڰֵûû£Щǿģ
ţԺֻҪڣҶͳԵġ
ɯ˵ֳϿңںɫһһģȫûյİദ
ַĽʳ£Щĳɯʵ㲻𣿡
ʵɯǰҲ㲻ᣬ̬ȴѺáÿζԼ˵رĲмĮͻȻȻĸı䣬ðЩӦˡ
ɯ̴ͷԹĿһۣЩŤΪǵôĹףҶܸм㣬ôܻأҡ
ʲô
ҿʿôϲ㡣˵ɯ̾ɥĳԶȥ
ֿУЩЦ㲻ǰ𣿡
֣ɯ̶ʱԣΪʿİһֱҵ롣ǣ֪Ҳʺô㣬ӦֵøõĴߡ˵ͻСʿǵȲҳġ


49嵰

û뵽Ѿͷ鵹ǿͦ͸ġ
밲οȴֲ֪Ӻ˵ֻܵ˾䣺ô죿
ɯ̺س˹ֹıʲôѵľ
صĵȴţҲ֪ѾͷҪ˵ʲô
ˣҪѿʿø㡣
ʲôֲһֱԼĿˮǺŴ۾ǲ˼Ŀɯ̡
ɯ˵ϸһҹʺڿʿߵˡƯһ԰ʿúػǵˡڶô㣬ǧʧ
ҡ
Īͱɯ̿ôһ󶥸ñӣŵҳˣɲʱ䣬Ҳ֪ø˻Ǳˣ˵ĸӡ
֣ĺĽ㣡
ɯԵ˵ﻰ
ȴɥһп˵ӡ
ĽĽë֪֪ǶôҸÿԵǸ߼ʦ⿳ľʳȵǸե֭סǵضΪĸ¥ãȺǸǮǧ
һðգʧȥһв˵ҪҰ쵱˽һҪֹۿʣ򶼲֪ɱˡ
ˣǰ͵һιȥ˰ɡϾ˻ŻҪʵġ
ɯ̣Щܳ𣿡ֲԸȥ廳ֻܰעתЩʳ档ϾЩӣûԹһķ
ɯ̵ͷȻܳ԰˵գʹȡһöʯС񵰵Ǻµĵûʲôζȱζáʿһ򲻰Ϊʲôȥ
ɯ̵ĻҲù˿޵⣬һѽӹֻ̧˻ΣƵ⵰ģ
ǰ񵰱ԵġֻҪѵƣŴͿһڽ̵

ôˣ
ҳԲҪ嵰ԣ
嵰ɯһ㵣㲻˵ʲô
ԣ˳ζ᲻
ɯ̲֪Ҫʲô棬ԼҲþܾ߿ʿȥʱ򽻴ڳԷʲôҪҪȥ㡣ԭֻǿ̫Сֻˡ
ڲ˶濨޳ȥˣɳ̲òͬĺһĥ̴ʯ̧˹ƽòģϾﶼ鷳Ҫֱû𿾣÷ϰʱˡ


50

ֿڴҲΪ
⣬ôĹͲ֪׸ĥһ𣿴΢΢̾һĿǰҲûİ취ֻɯ̰Լ
ǼĺûʲôԱյİ
ʮӣѾˣȴҲ嵰õֻ͡ɯҪһ壬ȼͻԺͰǺĵһһ顣
ûһ񵰾ڰֵĲ±һһģƻưװ׻һ𣬾һʯСƻ
ȥƯ˵ζΨһĵط̫ˣճ
ǼӴûŵôʳòͣ
ɯҲԾСŹ쵰΢΢
񵰳׼죬ɢһЩΡζϸɵĿӼһƷ
ţζ治⵰ǰԹκε඼ҪóԡҲǰĵҲܺóԣֻδĿͷʹǰĶζ
ཡ
СӱͲ죬һ˳Եô㣬ǲⶼ˿ˮԲֱ˵ֻ۰Ͱ͵Ķ
Ҫ𣿡ֳЦЦЩӹֿģݺںڵģӷһ
ͷ޲˿
Ƕ԰ɡ
Ÿ䣬һļļһֱӰ쵽˹ȥڱ̵á໡ֱԺ󣬰æĿӵݸ
𼱣ųԣȻ̵֡
ǰߵıҽѵ漸Ӷѧˣֱ֣ѧŰֵģÿӡ
ɯ̣ҲɣܺóԵġ
ɯһʼЩԥǿɣͱԵ˿ģҲ̲ס˿ӡ
߰˸嵰ûҪʱ䣬ͱȺĺӳԵһ㲻ʣ
ͺͺĹף˵ĵ׶һĨ֮⡣
ƫƫЦõǣƺûгԱһƤδĳȥ
ε̯˫ۣʾԼҲûʲô취
ɯǰε˵ԲǶʳԹˣûгԵ
ûϵϲͺáִ֪ԼĳҲôܻӭǰڼˣ˶Ǻڰ˵Թˣһ۶
˭ϵһȺԼļһͽ˶뻹ͦгɾ͸еġ


51

㻹
Уﻹбʳ𣿡
ɯУȣǰֵģ̫Ҳ֪û
⵹ǸöζЩءû˽ЩϣŪҲ̫óԡ
ʲô⣿ɯһʣЩû˵Ҳ֪ҪĲŪԼܹܵôǲζĶأ
ЩһЩܺõĵζʳģ֮ʳ䷢ӳòġˣ˵ҲסɣܴܲȥժҰ˻ȡ
Ұˣɯ̶˶ٵǺٳҰˣΪеҰжûҽ˹ϿɣǲҳҰ˵ġ
ûϵֱܷûжȥɡ
ǡ
ô㲻ң
ɯҡҡͷǲֻǿʿôİΣʲô⣬Լǳ˿ʿˣ
ˣҵұ˭Ҫϧ
ɯ̻ڰֵдӦȥ˸Ұˡ
δɵĵȻ֣ҰԴǶˡ
ɯ̽ȥһȦͷ˺ܶʳõҰˡ
ǾȲˣȲݡðֻϲǣȻҵݸݴҲӰˡ
ǰֵǰжϲˡ
ȥԺ󣬰־ʹǾϴȣҰ㲻űϣճӦҲʵòˡ
ɯڵ֪ĴԺŵɫ֣㲻ܳ
Ϊʲôһ˼ͷ棬Ҳ˲ɯ̵ӲҪԼ뷨ȥ졣
ɯ̲żҰԳԣֶ㲻ǰ˾ǳġ
һǳ˱жľ֡
һжô죿Ҫ㻹ȥ˹ȷһ°ɣ
ˣԼѧҽģʲôжʲô޶һ֪
СҲԡ
ɯ̼ˣڰֵǰж
֪Щԭʼ˼̰һ϶ͺѸġⶫֳǶĳʳĿ־Ǹٹ̡ûµͻƵ㣬ǶһֱΪȥ
У־ǿƷΪЩĹ۵㣬Ǽʶʶʲôµʳ֡


52ܳԵĶ

ɯ̣ÿȻҪˡ
ֹв⻹һθѾͷɫⲢı⡣
ҲûãҲЩʳɯҵ˹ؼһ㣬Ǿ⡣СޱȽǵģֵȷܴҲܸɣǲɸĵʵ
ҡ
ðɣּûа취ֲɯǰ䣬ֻӲͷƤ㲻ңҲѲոǼӾȥӱ˼ʯͷȻڲﲻͣĦûһͰѻȼˣԼӦҲԡ
ֹûɯ̰æҲȥʯͷǸոӿʼ«
ðƵǣƺر򵥣¾ͺˡȴһʱҲûѻȼ
ۼɯ̻ԱԼ벻˿ЦѾ۵ø첲飬ûͣĹ
ڣ̫ɽʱϣ֮ڱȼˡ
ɲʱĺڻҳ˼ɯ˹ȥǸüصƿıɯƿԡ
֣Ĳܳԡ
ɯֱ̼챻ˡ
ȴļ򣬿ѸٴĻ磬ɫοģˡ
ɯǳûˣһľſʿܿҲֻðֹͣķ
Ҳ֪Ը֮ڤڤаţڰָպðǾ֮ʣɯ̺ؾǰ޹Ϣ
ɯ̺󣬼һ·񱼵˿޵ĸǰ
޼ϿһĹҵƤڴ·˵Цξɯ̼ſǻĺʿˡ
һɯ̵ĳ֣뵽˰֣ͰԼϵĶӵһߴһУĿʲôˣ
ǡ

̡̣
ľͣﴵ֭ѩףζŨһ֪ζòˡ
жưҲԸԼɡңⶫûжԡ
ò׵ǹһЩæ촽׼ȡ
˭֪ûкȵͿ֮˳ⷽɱƴľ޴磬Ҫ񶼸


53

ֻûзӦ˺£աһĹԵ޹ʵľͱ˴˵ϡ
ɴ۾ŵֱ֭ļֱڵѪ
£ò׻һʱ䰾ĹôûˡԼζûһ°
Թ޾ͽץסֻ첲ɫҽŵĽͣҡε֣û°ɣôˣ˵۲ۣ
޵Щϸ΢ķԼûĿ־뵣ǡ
ֱҡͷת򣬹һŽԷƿŭĶǰ³çļһҪðĺ񾭲ö˶˵Ĵʲô
޼ܶԼһſŰЩĶжԲõģˣ
ûжԼ֪Щˡҧҧ治֪ô˵
֣ģ㲻ŵĻκ֤
Ŀһһֱ¼ж⡣
ֱ뷢ģ޿Լ˵ļ⣬һʱЩѶԷĻҲ֪Ӻ˵
ܵΪΣ룬ȻЩҲЩǺõģ޴ӷ
ͻȻ˵ˣֽæ֣ǲﲻ
ҡ
ֻͬ˵ڣȴһѽᱧ˼ȳ嶯ֲ侲ĴУҵôȥҽ˹һҪиʲôô죿
һ䣬޵Ʈģֲ̤ʵĺ£ʹѾ
˺òãһڶûȥ˹ʲô

һƬ̲Žִ·£Ӣ亹ֱʣʲôһڶûȣ
ûĵһ۵ǰһĶȫָˣ㻹ҹ
˵ûкȣ޼˷ܵÿҪͰ뻳УòͣȥĶͷ̫ˣûȣл˱ӣܼʱҵ֡
һĺζСȭȭԷؿڵſſѬˡ
ΪԼʧȥˣڵ֪᲻֡ţȴһãһᲹġҸ㿾Ϭţô
ҲŲҪǸɰͰ͵Ϭţ⣬ҾҪȾ


54

һڣüͷһŻĳ˵Ҹ˵ˣǶ˻ˣôǲ
ֱһҲ˵жжҾ˵ûҿԳԸ㿴
Ҵģ
޿ҪըˣԼôô£ҪԶΪ治֪ʲô
˭İֻ֤ҵĹ۵ûд
ֵһαﲻˬΪ˲ƣӿ޵Ļ˳ͬʱ㲻ò
˵˲˵Χۡ
Ҳ֪ʲô飬ֻ±ƵĿţҲöʾ
ǰ˭˵Ҫܵطġ
ɰֲһһѾ˿϶İ£ǸΪ޴׵ĶˡЩеĵλѾ뿨ͬˡ
˷磬ˮݣΪż˭ûнİ취
ˣ̫࣬ʲô»ȥ˵
䣬Ҳٹ˼ֵκθܣͽ˼ϣתĽ뵽Լ
ֱٶŪЩᣬ뺰ֺֻĬĬڡ
ȥ󣬿޾һԵĽ˵ƫԴԼ޵Ҳ̫ܡ
˽һ̲סһҵô£û㲻׼
޳ȥԼĪСʱֻˡ
ֻڸովŵǸһ˾ɥʧĪеκۡ
첽߹ȥֽסԲҸողõô˵㷢𣬿ĵ㡣
޵仰ȫǷԷθûκε˭ܸܵĳ⡣
ָоߴһһԼǹĶغζڣһȴʹû뽫ƿϣܰԼøһЩ
Ϊʲô̫ȱȫУǡԼ̫¶ˣ
ˣҪиůʵĻţ
βûųԼֹܾ޵ٵغࡣ
ͬʱĶɳƵôһ֪ҵĿĶ𣿡
ֱôһ˲Щһ̱ڶԷĻ


55̫

졭֪ԼĶôУÿαһһ£;ԼʲôƵģSU飬һûС
֣ôˣ
ܵ˼˵ΪʼٸߵĿȴ޹ѯԭ
ֽߵ뽫ԷƿȴʹʲôֵֻûʲôѡҪһ֪ԼΪʲôûˡ
ö˶˵ôΪʲôô죿ޱޱȽţ°ָոǹƭԼ˵ûж֮쳣ѲĳԹжĶ
ԽԽúµĿ޲ɴĿˮŰֵ񿴵ĩһ㡣
̫ȣֱôҴԾ
룬˸
ȴˣæɿȻһ룬ŵսľʣأûкõ㣿
ĵͷţöˡ˵գָԼȷ磬ԴĵĽΡ
ȷûбĲʣ޷Ĳ١漴뵽ǸΪص⣬޵ɫҲ֣֪һҪ˵ԺҲ׼ȥժжҩĶԡ
ûû
˵ˣҲˡϵĽҪ˵ĻϡüͷӹɵİҪٲͱҳҲȥ
ûַֻʽܱ֤İȫôҲֻˡ
ߵ̧ͷҪ˵ʲôȴƳ˿һĮÿҪϱ˪Լɢ֮
ٵأŵһ飬Ҫ˵Ļ˻ȥ
ˣ˵塣һִˣҰԭʼ˼ƽôࣿ
˹ͨһⲻú
Ͼ˴СĻʱȻͬûаʳԵˡ
ְûдǻΪǴӦԼҪܸˣ䲻ֿĻʽΣ⣬Ҳް취

üҴЦǳʮȽֿóɲʱͺ˲١
û˷ŵ֮ҲøӢ
ֽܲķ޶ԵĽﲻ


56Ū

֪ˣǰ£ֻ෢
෢գգ۾ʾ̫⡣
һʢ磬෢ƯƯȥμӡ
Ŷ
ֵӦһ·û̫Ȥ
ЩŲ˾䣺ԸҸ෢𣿡
һۣ˵෢濨޵ɫܹ֡ڴּһ˿ǵ飬ǰһԼ׵кСڴֽŵӣֱһޡ
ָ㲻ĸˣҲĵһ䣺෢ǵģܻɣôһֲҰĴүǻŮ˱෢˵е췽ҹ̷ĸо
˭֪ȴͣĵͷɫŤȻᡣ
ںСʱĳϾͽ̻෢ļ˵෢ֺôԵһַʽһԸ෢ô˵˴Ѿͬ۴Ƶż
ʲôҪϻϣҪ෢Դˣִ˲ƣǡ
ֲ֪廹иôĵĹ涨Ů˱˷ʹŮҪΪİ¡ԣʱҲΪǵеõû
ðɡ
ôȣͷҲãۣҪ졣
ڰôˬĻش𣬿޼ֱΪԼĶ⡣ΪԸôҲܻô׵ĴӦԼ
£ȴûа㿼ǡ
̫ˣֶ̲ס
ͬ𣿡
ٴβȷһ䡣
ĪĶһüһšţʲô𣿡
ûûУܺã
޺»ϲߵǰ֣ͽ̶һλ£׼ĵһα෢
ֱŪر̤ʵܾһ֣õôҪǣԼСаԵúܡ
ȵȡ
Ҫ֮ǰ̲סڴһ¡
޵СƳܲסĽǰ㣬ǻĻصôˣ
㣬ͷˡ
һģᣬһŪ㡣
ԼʮңͷںĳͱıϸԺкƤûеĵطҲ֪ô÷ȹ̵ġ


57Ư

ʵһжص㣬صֻԳļһʲôʱȻôϸɵĻˣ
ڱ෢ĹУûие㲻ܿ෢ʱᡣ
ΪĿرĲһĪĻһ˿Ķĸо
֣վҿ
á
Щ糵վо˵ˬڡ
ͷİ֣һ˼ҵС㣬Եׯִ󷽡¶ѩ񾱣ֱȰ컹ҪƯ
ް۶ãŷĵĸ֣̾
ֱͳúÿִ΢һ¾кܸߵĻͷʡƽʱҲû˿ùƯҲû̫رĸоżôС˵ȴĵرĻϲš
ޣ
ֽӲӦһ˼İͷƫһȥܾÿ޵ȣһСƻ
֣Ժ෢òã
и͹Ը̺ԼҲһ£ӦͻȻ뵽ʲôЩСŤޣǰŮ෢𣿡
仰ʱԼûһ˿⡣ԴȻһ㣬һﵹһֱܹԼҲ֪ǲǶԱŮҲ
ûȻûУǵһ
޼ˣŰִӦ
ˣȴװɲмӵҲţ෢ļô죬ôǵһΣ
СʱҸĪѧϰ෢ΪԼģһţ飬ΪëϳŮһ
ʲôţ
־ŴֱͣЦá
ԣţ
죬㹻ģѧϰ෢ΪʲôҸͷŮ㣿
ôУҿû˵ô㡣
ֲ׿ôͻȻˣҲʮֵأһЦͱֲҪ
Ϊ
޵Ļû˵꣬ͻȻ˺
˼ѾڽˣϣܴŰ־ϯ
תۣѾѱ෢׵ԺֻĳʵѵʲôҪ𣿡Щ˵·ش
޵ͷȻҪΪεصΪ׼ġ


58

Ϊʲô
ˣ㲻˰Ϳ˵̻ڶǳͳ㡣
⻰ĵЩССԺǽȥŪ˶λ
ֵ˵°ͣ˼Ƭ̲ŵÿ˼ҷֵη۴Źһ˰ɡ
һӦһȵ˼ô룬Ϊе˵ͦġ
ǰʱͲΪε鷸ˡ֣߰ɣǡ
ֱһǣųǰ˼ͿİΧֵľһ
ǵڷŸָĶ⣬ľţ򡣳֮⣬һЩûˮ
ԱߣһСɽߵѩ׾ΣǹմųԵġ
Ҫڰûǰ˿ɴӲݳ޵ΣȻڡѾϡˣǿöپö١
ҿֺͿˣͬʱԱվ߾ʳŰǴߺȡ
櫣櫡
˷ܵĺ֣ŰֵҲǰ𾴡
ִ֪ڻӭԼĵﺰʲôȴ̫ס
ǣżĸڿ޶˾䣺ޣʲô
޳谮ĿصǴ֣Ԣ̫Ůܸ˴˼
ִסˣû뵽Լô飬զͱôߵλȥ
вУǧЩһԼˣһԼﲻһУǽúܲҡ
ޣҲŲʲô櫣˵ǰ֡
ͻȻżˣСְο֣𼱣аûʲôõġ˵ҵǺ㡣
Ҳʲô̫ŮҾһͨͨˡ
㲻ͨٶ˵رġ

ôĸףͻȻ֪ôӦˡ޵Զôֶ飬мܡ
ˣ˵ˣ˰ʲôͽаɣҵܵľС
ģԺ첻飬죡
˵꣬üһǣÿñѩΪ֮ڻֺοһ˵ġ
޴ŰȥһЩϲʳ߰˷ֱʱ򣬿޾ͱɭֶ߽ˡ


59

޶ԭصԼܿͻֵͷһ
ˣİ櫣㻹ǵ𣿡
ͻȻĴ˰һ
ͷһر͵˧Сվǰһװ˾ţƤƫڣЦʱЩҰСҪǸطҲǴ˧һöٱȰڵϿЩҪǿöࡣ
ôǵǰͿ˰ȹġ
ӵļֲ˵ЩţʼżıȻ
Ȼԭ㰡˵һôе죬ԭǰͿˡ
ԣҡͿ˺ߵףЩ˼
ôˣ
뵽ǰĶƤ֪ʲô˺ѳһ־ͺżĶϴµĴ
ͿȴЦһΪûˣѾˡҽ
𣿡ַĵЦЦ֪һر룬û뵽ǿֵزΪڼҶɼģ˭֪ѾԳˡ
ǰΪ˸лľ֮͸㡣
˵ţͿ˾Ϳٴͳһð̹ĶǶģָ׸ô󣬾ʯһˡ
ֿúʣʲô
޾ѵǰû𣿡
ҡͷûУʲô𣿡
ͿЦȻԶõֶӻ˥ϣ
ۣô棿ҼǵҪ͸˵İɣҲ˵Ϳ˾Ϊ˵õŲ㶪С֪ô׵İ͸Լ
ͿǷһĨɬòŵǣұ͸ȵģѾѡ˺ն
ԭʧѽ
ûϵûȣ㻹͸Ůܲһϵǣ
ˣǰһֻҪ϶˭ͻһӵ¡ѡ˺նҲϲˡԣ㣬ұľ֮
û뵽һִţвֵĿϧҪĵط˧֪ҪСȻҲͬĵ˺¡
ɰͿˣȴڱ˾ܾɳ飬⡭ûض˵ȥ
ǸҾֻǾ֮ͣûҪôصĶֻǲҪ˼޾ܾܲ
ûϵգһǷһӡҰͿԸǿǷˡ
ðɡ


60

ֿ˵ô棬һʱҲ֪ηֻǿĽչ
ʱͿ˵櫣ҿһ֧𣿡
Ϊʲô
Ͷ⣬ʲô
ΪǹκδԶҪ㿴ҵҡСͷҲر𣬲ǳԿ֣֮˵ʱͿ˵Ľ
˸պãȥ𣿡ûֻ̫࣬塣
Ϳ֡žһ˶Ƥϣ͸Ƶġ
ƼһϵҲûС
ͷߣվ֪ôֻܾܵͷȥ
Ϳ˼Ը⿴Լ裬ʹеıǰǴһ׶ߵſ㵸
Ϳ˵ǳּ֣Ĺŵ裬裬裬ִ̤裬ʿ趼
ܸ䣬ûʲôɣûʲôࡣ͸ǶԴװŪһ
Ƿ𣬼üŪ۵ģǵðЦ
ߣޱλ߽˹ȥʵҲûʲô¡
ҶϲΪ˰Ͽɵδ£ΪԱ෢ǹÿ˶֪顣ˣҲ֪ء
Ҳ⣬ЦһֱûͣЪֱƳһֱ˵˵ЦЦİͿˣɫ΢ˡ
Ҳû̸Ŀޣֱ볤ǸȲĻص˰ֵߡ
Ϳ˵˶úϲ£죬뵽ǰͿ֣֮޶ʱζ졣Ӳڲ˾䣺ôֵ㿪ĳ
֪׾ӵļȡõ֣ô͸ȥˣұ֤ԼñȰͿ˺á
ּ޻ˣЦøŶӶ϶˵ĺܺЦ㿴ͿڵĶһֻɣ
ɣ
һüԻɵĶЦ绨İ֪֪֡Ϳǡа衱ǵһʿ衣
һֻżмʱ䲻ȷͿǲżҿ϶ΪһǷ
ȴ˵ɣ⡭⻰ҪǴȥ͸Ϳ˵ģֻ¶治
ô𣿡
ֻͷԴЦĳѯʡ
޶һգһ۾ʹĵ˵ͷŸ͵ţͦġ


61Ϊ

㲻а衱ʲôİֻ֣ܰһĺϷݡ
һ˵Ϳɣһ˵ȵĺ
޼Χ˶ӣ°ֵ֮ᱻһֳʲôɾͲýˡ
ֵС֣Ƨĵطȥ֣̫ˣҴȥĵط
ֲ׿޵⣬СĸֹǱߺúڣܿʲôѽ
ȥ֪
ܿ죬޾ͰѰִһСӱߣɫӳ£ȻˮĲ⡣
ȥǶɫ᣼һңʣԾ·ݣ߿˴شʻ
һӾͱľɫˣ̧ͷ˿ǳֿ˿ӢĿޣĿ΢ۣ
֣᲻÷ſߵ࣬ǰһҹر
㾭𣿡
԰ֵɻ󣬿ĿһۣͳĻӦǰһʱᾭڲˡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊҷ˱ﻹĶ
ģ
˵ﻹĵطǸ˼ɾ˰ɣɵпʼ˼롣
ʱȴ˵㲻𣿡

ͻĴ𰸣ðһЩ޴롣
ɵɵĶŵĿ޿Ƭ̣ϼתȥƵһ·ӿ죬ظеļѣ
ȿȣޣͦŮӿĵġ
ͼǰΣɿֻ֮ûʲôá
ǿаӣӭԼ
֣Ҷ˵ĶġӼԺҵҲݲ±ķ羰

۾ֱˣԿεҹƣԼȻҪѳֲסˡ
죬ôһһʧ
УҪס

źס֣־ͿͻȻͷ˹
£һھͺס˰ֵ㴽
޲ǣס㴽ţԲǰȥ̸ϰһĴֱС
ֱһӦּͽ޸ƿˡ
֣Ĳ˴ǵĿˮ
෴ȴһδ򴽽ܡ
Ҹ
ûĻӦ׾װɣûκμɣٲƿԼƤҪˡ


62Ϊ

޹ԼıӣԵЩŵϲ㣬Ȼܵ顣
ҲԸԸⰡ
ֻ踺ܾͺá
ܣǡֲûԼĿˮǺҲ˼˵ܣѹûжܵ
˰ϵĲм޶ʱЩˡȻ¸ҵǰһ֣㶼Ӧ෢ˣΪʲôҪųҿ㣿
£ǸˣȻȥˡ
ֲҿ޵۾ͷܡʵҲޣֻû̫׼
һʼͺܿԸһԭʼ˷ϵҰ˺ӡģԼʵôῨޣʱܽԼĳЩֵľֹʶһк󣬰ֺܻţŵ޷˼ֻӱ
ȵȡ
ָӣͱ޸ק˻
һģԵ˿޽ʵĻ޳û§סڹ̶֫ƽ⣬ʵ͵͵ռˡ
û°ɣĩˣĵһ䡣
ǿǵС˼յĵһۣĵ䲻ϳȥɫצ
޸Цһָ㿴ʲô
ֲΪĻعͷȥؾͿһѩƷּΪƵĹֻ˿԰˵̬ޱʢš
ǻ߰ӣÿƬɫͬк죬ƣ̣ϣס
һ仨ֲܿͬɫĻ꣬⡭Ҳ̫˰ɡ
ѵǴ˵еɫǡȻиͲĻѽΪֲķֳqi٣ɫ̫ӣʹۻңӶ͹ڷ۵ĸʣһ㿴ɫĴҲȻɵġ
ǰľֲͬɫĻꡣ
ڰ־ȵò֪αʱ򣬿ȴ˵ɫһֻҹʢÿһʱͻóɲͬɫڼΪ£ĻŻɫͬ档ԣҼ߲ʻ꣬ԶԸЧǳ顣ҪҪһԣ
ģ
ֻɵƫͷ̫ſ˵滰
޼ͣͷģ㿴ˣǰÿҹҲûɫͬһξˡ˵Ϊ


63

⻨黹ǿΪ˺ĶĻԣֶбҪһԣ˵ûʲôʧ
˫ֺʮһϵľͿʼԸ
еԸĬĬ꣬޾͸Ķϣɫֺõʣ֣ʲôԸ
ЦеվЩСĻӦ޵㡣
޼ˣ֣ߣΪʲô
㲻֪Ը˵Ͳ𣿡
ԾɲĵɣȸʲôԸ
ʲôˣ
Ҳôһ䣬ȴͻȻǺŤ˰˵ҵԸǽܰһѵӣȻһԶֵһ𡣡
꿨޵ĻԺֱӾʹЦ֪ҵԸʲô𣿡
֣ҡ
ҵԸ뿪Ȼصҵߣǹͨ
Ŀһʧû뵽ô죬ֻûߵĴ㡣
Ը෴ģ˵ɫ˭ģСĿʣϣ¾
ȴֿǣЦûûεȻҵİΪұԸ¶и󵽣˵ǰɣ
ɫһڣ۵׶һĨáҲرɭ产˵𣿡
۵׷ĻްȻú£Ǿǿ˵һ䣺Ȼ
ɿ֣첽ǰƹڰʼ޼£һѾͽʵԸɫ˺ѳƬ
Ϊ˽ޣִǻĸ˳˵۳ϡ
ֱľٶһС΢׵ޣ㡭
޻عͷ˵һ䣺ˣԸԶ顣

䳹˴ľĽԭء
߹ȥһҲκθܣֱӻص˶˾ס
ϣҲûи˵һ仰ǼһȴƤҩһճƺܣ˯ʱġüյôˣҧ
޳ĬþľͷһҧҲżܲס˻ƺ߼
ҧ˼ΣҲˡʱһͦɵģ˲˵Ҳ˵Ҳ֪Ǹġ
ӣ־ˡ


64˷ʳ

գ۾ȴߡ
ĪЩʧ䡣ƺѾϰÿ߶һůʵţȴúܿյ
ˣ
޴ʳͿ˰ֶ﷢϶˵ϾͲΡ
ֹͷᵽһȥ
Σֻܳ˵ϴϴó緹ˡ
ֵǸɾˣÿ˵ܰԼʰøɸɾġ
ˮϴû࣬¿ζıҶ
ϼƬµҲǲġϾ࣬Ҫôࡣ
һŪ֮󣬰־ͼĵһʳݵǰ
Ķʲôʱ򣬰΢΢һ
㡭㡭ô嵰
ֲ˼°ͣⲻԼɯ̺ЩӳԵ𣿿ֲڣô֪ġ
ţɯ̸˵ˣ˵⿵츳ʳǳóԡҷһȥʵĺѧż塣
úܲһξܼôá
ֿʳԵĶſ޿佱
ѵֵյϷһĨϲɫҲǵһΣǰѾ˺ܾáЩҼ廵ĶѾˡ
廵˶٣
źһŵͶʮɡ
ʲô˷˶ʮ
ĵܺң˷Ҳûʲô
ſǲΪӣȴЩɬֵɯ˵㲢ϲ㵽ȥҺĵǲǾһֱϹţ
ãҵóġ
ֶ˶٣ĿǻʣûУ
ޱǳػжԸӣΪӦûԼڿȻġ
ǣϲҡҡͷᣬİԣôˡ֣ԶҲõҡ
飬ȴװ޹ؽҪġޡһ
֣԰ɣһ˾Ͳóˡ
š
ֽӹ޵ʳСڵĳ
⵰ú㣬ζҲܺãֳԵþͣ
޵һοθڱôãʮãǲľֿˡ
ֿԼɵЦֲڵʣԹûУ
ʵûȳԱͺãùҡ
һⲻȥһڼ嵰ݵ޵ߣ԰ɣұˡ
޿Ǳҧİ鵰ףϲ̵ģæľͺȥΪֵĿˮԼҲ൱졣


65ϴ

緹ִ˳ȥˡ
һڼң뵽Լüûϴˣ˵ʵһ⡣
ĴЩˮ壬ͼɯˡ
ɯ̿һӣʣôˣ
뵽޵˸Լȡ֣־ЩЦõɯ̣ôҲң
ɯ̵Ц˵ڴҶ㣬ҪǲԵҲ㡣
ûϵǶѣ㲻һңһòڵġ
һԽ֣
ɯ˷ܵʡ
ţͽҰְɡ
УҴҪֽ㡣
ҲԡʲôνҲ־н֮ˡ
ֽ㣬ոտʿȥʱ˵˵˵ġ
ֿ˵⻰ʱЩ֣ȤӦòңܹලҵİɣ

ɯ°ͣЩ𾪵ĿŰ֡ϾǸӣ̫ѣ԰ôһ˵Ͱ¸˵ˡ
ɣ
ûĵɴ۾뵽ԼͿ˵ԸǼһһģԲɯԼ
ǵġ
ɯżˣͰ͵ȥͣɰȴµǰ㡣
ҲûֻеСʧ
ˣûϵڸûֻܵϴ裬ɯܸϴĵط𣿡
֪סĸСӣˮرɾǶȥˣǾͻȥϴϴ·
һϲæǺãȥ𣿡
š
ۼɯԸԼԼСӣȲȥ˵Сӱߡ
Ǻӵȷ峺ףˮǳȺȺƵ·ˣŶӵĳǰι
ֿǽһ˷ˣ޲ͨͨЩץա
ҪһǲǾǴ
ɯ̼ﲻסСӴʪˮȻһһĵĲĨȥɵżֽ㣬ֱȥˮϴɣҲ̫鷳˰ɡ
һһ·ô죿ִﻹǺܱصģգ治˼Լѹ⡣
û£Ұ·һ㡣
ǺðɡǿӦҲٽˣתɯ̾ͽ·
ˮʱ򣬻ЩӦƬ̣Žӳˮȥ


66ˮ

ۣҪпͺˡܽԼϴװףԸԼϴ㡭
ڰϴԵʱͻȻˡһ죬ľ޴ˮ͸˳Ƶġ
ֻûӦô£Ϳͨ͸峺ĺˮ֪ʲôȾˡ
Żİһ߼УһѼӻˮӡؼʱ̣оʲôסˣͷȥںһƬǺ塣
æȥÿȴǺڵһƬǺ壬һ˵ͷ
֣ˮ
ֽ㣬ôˣ
ɯԶֱŵҪˮ
˲ŸոǣߵһͼԱͻȻһ
ӦǸˣ˴һõȹӣȹӵĲӦģʽ϶򵥡
ˮķĳǿۼ䣬ַ·𿴵Ǹ۾ֻôһɲǣֱˡ
뵽ʲôæͷһۣ£Īǡ˸ոǴ治Сĵģ
ҲʱɯȴԾӣ
ӴӦþܿԷǴ࣬ΪֻŻ֯·ڴﻹźƤ
ɯ̣ࣿ
Լͬ࣬ЩС˷ܣһʱҲ̲ס࿴˼ۣҲ˺¡
ǰøˮ棬ϿŶʮĵӣ÷ʣٵ̰㿡ʱҲһİֻϵЩƫ䣬ǱžģԸһľС
뿨޲ͬ޵ǿҰ˵ĸоҲ𣬿ȴպ෴
ֽ㣬ˣ߰ɡ
ɯ֣һֱ߷Ρ
ǡûĿ۾ˡ
ˣǵͬ࣬ǲҪ¡
Һͬడ

ɯһˣҲǴˡ
СѾͷɵӣҲǺݲļȣңԷǸ˵Ĵ˧磬ҪǾôˣµжٹѹ
һҧͳɯ˾ģɯ̣Ǿɡ׻˵һʤ߼
⡭ɯԥĿɨһۣնӢĿϣðɡ


67

ɯ̺Ͱַ˺ô󾢲ŽǸ˴ˮ̧ϣæ̽̽ԷıϢ˿к䣬ͿʼļԷ˿ڡ
̧ͷһ˲䣬ȴʪɯһֹŹֵԼЩʵôˣ
ֽ㣬㻹û·ء
ɯ̵ѣȾúǰոֻžˣԼ·û
Ǹȿȥ·סԼص㲿λЩ˼Ķɯ̶
áɯ̵ͷʾͬ⡣
ִ˻ͼɯǸ˿þ۾ƤҲ̧һ¡
ʲô𣿡
Сʡ
ɯָ˵ļˣһֱѪ
˺Էѣɯ˵û˿߼ﲻ֪ǱʲôεϷλãһѪá汻ѪȾһƬģҲ̫
һԿ϶˵ѪҪٲֹסͻΣˡ
ɯ̣ҿûʲôֹѪĲҩ
ֽ㣬̫Զ·
֪ˡ
ѸںΧתһȦ޲ˣҩûҵȴѰ˼ɽ軨
ҽ˵ɽ軨л߰ɫ߰ѪֹѪɢ׵ĹáϵǻƲ軨ƣ軨Ŵ
ֽ㣬ҵ𣿡ɯֻ̼ˣɫǽʡΪǸ˵ѪһֱɫҲԽԽѿ·ʱƵġ
ţϰ˿ڡ
ɯ̵ļ磬һ㡣
ͽɽ軨飬ģָĨȣͿ˵˿ϡ
˵ֹֹסֽ֮ԼŵС˺ϣɽᣬ˵ҸѴļϣҲһּ򵥵İ
ˡ
ֽ㣬Ϳ𣿡
ɯѯʣĵ׾ðõ㻨ݲݾöԷ˿ڲѪֲÿʿôϲȷʵܰ
ţľôˡ
ô죿
Ҳ֪̯֣ԵúΡʵټһĸƢʲôģ⣬ûˡǡôʲôõҲκβˡϸ˼ա


68

ֽ㣬ǻȥ˰ɡ
ɯ֣СЩ
ڻȥ𣿡
ǰ

ѾܻܲҪԼ
˵úأҪҪȴȥ
СɯҲû;ܾǰסĵطô
Ϊʲô
ΪǵǣǾΪһλͬĴˡǵ֮󣬸һǢꡣһҲ֪ж޳ܵĻסĵͼ岻Щһռǵļ԰ǵʳǵסһΣǰһ
ɯѪʷΪ𺳡û뵽ǰͰ廹й¡
ǰӦòڼ飬Ҳûʲôʸڰ˵ĵ̡
ȻҲֲɯ̺飬Ͼȴ˱ѣ֮ԺܲСĲŹ֡
ðɣҲߡҺܺ棬ǲǵأΪʲôҪ
ɯȻҲɻҡҡͷĬòŵһǿʿģ㣬Ҳ㡣

ֶٵۿһȣĿνζӳ£һ˵ĸо
֪ԼôͱôĪˣһУΪ
Ϊǵ䣬һΪ¸Ҹˡ治֪ʱΪôϵĽѵͲıٴ
ֽ㡭
أڷɯæǰ˻ӡ
š
ǻ߰ɣ֪ЩŲͬ࣬ǡֲʶոҲˡ
ɯ̵ļȰ˵£ֻܵͷ뿪
û취ڵҲֻǼ¡˵ڿ޵ķϴҶر𾴺ͰҲܴеĵߡ
ɯ˵ԼܰҲˣܻܲͿԼ컯
ֺɳ뿪ûãںԱͱڷ½֮»䡣
ҿңҸǴλõȥģӦþ⸽
ԣҷɢȥ峤ǧ¡
˵ߺУиۼļһ﷢˱Ƶ١
ǿ峤Ƕء


69˵Դ

ڻȥ·ϣɯһ⣬ǾǰΪοһģһ͸ߴòҰһЩ⣬ƺޱ
ֽ㣬Բ֮ҹܿĲͬˡ
Բ֮ҹΪʲô
ΪֻԲʱŻ̬֮鲻ͬʱػûޡ
ô£ֵЦʾ⡣
ɯ̼ƺһ֪ĵĸ˰˵
˿̵İֲѹԼƺԽˣԶŵԭʼᣬһԭʼᡣ
֣һǴˣǰˣ顣
ҲνĴ࣬ӡjiaoƷ
Ǳ໹Ҫϵ֣һʼֻһЩͨҰޣûи飬ֻʳɱ¾Ȼĳһ죬ǲСĵӿʼòһˡ
ԼʶýѧǸӵԣеǿıó̬
ʱ໹ܹúദģҸиԵȺ壬ڲͬҲల¡
ֱһ죬һ鿴ںϴŮӡһɲǣǾɶƵĲа˼
һҹЩ಻ֱǵŮˡнԼأҹŪ
ö֮ŮӾͲǵĺְ˰޵ļһҲڵİˡ
ԺǳŭҲ鵱ѣܰ֡
ս෢ԼԶԶ飬Ͼͷ඼Ե̫ơ
֪κβǵͬʱͱøӶⱡ
󲿷ݵŮˣǲͣΪԼȻ󿴵İֲԼǿǱЩ൮Ӥеʮ
ΪǽһԸǣ鿪ʼײеŰɱֻҪŮԾͳͳɱԷ¡
Ů˵ĸԸַǶЩ޹ĺȻ²˺ġþһзߣűס˰һѪ
ҲǴ¼󣬿ʼΪ˽ЩӵĶ޽ɱǵ壬ֶθһ
ڱ෴ε飬ʼĮܣʱ˼꣬ǵȺٴ׳Ÿ½ֵشû


70дƷ

ɯ̸һУֲʮָп˵һ廹ǸȺ尡SĽ֮Ǻ޹磬ȴͬʱֽܡ
ǰаĺǵйĲдƷԶõϿɵͽ
Ǻǡ⡭ⲻò˵ǵĴڣε˼㡣
ɯ̻һֱΪһĴĪĳ裬Ǿͻ뵽ǵŮ˱αֻ̣Ҫһ첻ôǾԶҲ޷ǵǷµĹ
ǰͼҪдŵİһҪǿڴ˶壬꣬ûֵõǩ˺ƽԼ಻ٶ巢ǰǰһÿһҪϹʮ޾С
ʹ԰һܲƽҲû취顣˭ڸ涼ǰһռݾƣЩס
ɯ̣Ǹ䣬ԺǵӻӺġ
Ըɣϣǰһάָ̫ƽͺˡ
Ϊʲôֻаأǳþãֿɯɫɥƺʲô顣
Ϊд̫٣꣬ǰһ彫ԶƬ½ʧ
˵⣬ֻķˣ޵˵УˣŮر١
ʮ˵Уܷ񿴵һŮĶ⡣ЩŮƫ٣С
ѹ˲Ұ£ôԳȥҰǿ㡣
ֽ㣬ѹƲǰˡһҲǵ๥ֻԼСΧ𡣡

ֶʱЩܣ˵ʲôȴ޷
ֽ㣬඼˵ѿͺˡ
ɯ̺ۿϴ޾Ŀί
İɣһǻΪѵġʵҲûҪ˺ǣһֻΪԱһ죬һġ
ɯ̳ĬĿŰ֣ܿףһһͺˡ
ո˵Щֻİο֮
࣬ôܻǰһ彻ãⲻǳ˵Ρ


71Դ

֮ǰ޾ʹض顣
ڸ﹫ƽķ֮󣬿޾ȲôԼΪǣҶ֮ˡ
ֿͷ󺹵ĴżֻҰãƤڴҲϵʵʵģȥʮϡ
֡޽֣ζɳɵЦӨĺµ䣬˳׳ʵʡ˿̵Ŀ޿ȥǼԸУֿҰ
Ļ㽫˿̵ƬŵϣƶһŮ¶۲ɡ
ˣ
ֿһͦ۵ӣæ߹ȥӭӻǻģмֻϲ
޼Цúܿģһ˫ԼСƸͣ޵Ҳòٵ֣ԭϲ⣿
ûаֻǾǺܿɰ붺ǡ
ʲô԰˵νΪʲôⶼᱻѬֻǽЩʳ伢ǽƴζɿڵļȡ
˵ˣϵҲ̫Ȥ
ⶼǵʳѣʲôɰģ˵ɰġ
޻䣬ͽﲻмһӡֻҰѾòݸס֫Ҳõǻߡ
ۣޣܲ㣬ȸˤϵġ
ֿСˤáУʱЩۡ˱ʳôҲһʻ⵽ֶԴЩ˲̡
޲֪ΪʲôĪǶӣЩЦ֣ô᲻ǣ뿾ء
ô˵Ҳһ֮ǰͲܺúöԴһ𣿡
Ǻǣҵֻ
ǰͷܹԼⱲ˵ˡ
ûĵһۣСƳϵĿڴʱʣװɶ
ЦǺǵĽƤ⿪Ȼڷڰֵǰ㰮ԵĹкܶ񵰣ЩӦùԺü˰ɡ
٣ǿ˵ˮ͸񵰡Ϊѹ飬޻ڵΧһĸɲݡ
⼸춼óЩָȵĿ⣬˷ܲѵޣʳôôֻࣿԼʱŪЩԵˣôʡ


72޷

Ժ°ͣɫͫĿŰֵǵȻҿǰһ죬ҷֵʳȻҪһ˶ࡣԺһðװֵġ
ʵڰûг֮ǰ޴ڻʳһȽûоʳ﷽棬ΪԾСÿζԼõһȼЩ˿ڶˡ
ˣΪ֣ػϵˡԣὫΪһкõĶǰ
ޣ㲻ԼλȨؾͶԼ˲ƽɣֲ֪ڸЦʱЩ뵽ɯ̺˶κ˵
Ǻǣҵĺ֣㻹ûΪҵİأͿʼҵˣ
ҡ
ֻôһ˵һﾹȻ˼
ˣʵ˵ɣЩԼȥŪģ޹ءԣҲûбҪָҡ
ԭǰǹˣඣ
޿ЩίŴ̲סЦ㻹֪ƽôҲбƭһ죬ǸСɵϡ
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ֳŶԷߡһתͷȥӣٴޡ
ȴչĸǰЩԥһ֣صʣ֡
ţֻͷԼĴ˿޵ɢĶԺζټôֵСһʱ͡顪Ŀѡ
һࣿ
ŷӦɯ̸˵ˣ
Ѿͷ湻ʱģͰһٻ㱨˿֪Լǿġ
΢΢ףǡ
Ҫ෢ǰһŮӣŮϻֽۣ֪ᷢıʡ
սǿηģֻ֡
ûڸֳϦദѾҲ벻ˡ
δûֵĴڣôŻӿ¡
ӵУôϣδг֡
һӵйҲܲʧȥζ


73

Ϊʲôң
ֵһθܵ޵Ŀ˫ǰ硣˵ǻ
һʱ䣬رĻţܾԼ˴Ƶġ
ûʲô֪ǸģûУ⻰ʱ򣬱رרע
ںѹͬʱҲʵӦӦûаɣҺɯ̷ʱѾڻԵ״̬ˡ
˿Ҳ˼֡
Ǿͺá
˵⻰ʱ޵Ӧ־۵סԹϴչȥŵĿʣôˣ
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СƵݵļеİ벻ἸҪˡ
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𣿡ɵЦʣԶ԰ֳɡ
ң˲ӣڳһҪɴµ̬
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ǾҵŮˣ˵ǰԵ档
ôףΨһġ͸ոտ޵Ǹ澢·ԼľѾΪӡΪһҪΪصģκŮ˹ƶ顣
ֵͷһСŮģϸ֪ȥϴԼɡ
޿ߵӷϲһѾͽ뻳УԴ°ܵڰֹĶϲ˲䣬ЩƵ˵һ


74չ

䣬޾ͿٵĳȥˡǾ䡰һ˵ȴǸζ˹ͷЩ֡
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ſôֵԣˮ档
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ֲϵĺݸһЦֲǺѵ飬ԼԵġ˵ŪĲóԡ
ί˵һŬŬϲԵĶ
ֱǿĻﶯæúã֪ſҰɣĵѾˣҵ
Ұɡ
á
ް̳󣬰־Ƿװˮʯ潵¡
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з𣿡
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75ʵ

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ЩЦõǿأǿ⵰
䣡
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Ūҵģ޸жһ˵Ҹĵ׶Ȼ
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Ϊ˲ֵ⣬޿ٽӹÿӽֱ
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óԣŪʳóԡһ˵һ߶ԺĵĶ԰˿޵ĴĴָ
һЦԵ㣬󡣡
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ͷԼȥЩѽɿУǿ
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졣
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ָոշĺ嶼ѾýֱˣΪ˵׼մմȻ硣˭ֺ֪Ǿ仰һˮӭ潽αû


76ʵ

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޵ĺԷ۾ƵģȴҲܷˡ
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ֿŹ﷭ˮҲûտ˵󵰣Ϊ⼸ٳԵĶǵòС
תͷ˯ᣬȴСĿ˿Ѿɱֻá


77ʳ

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ǰִʱ򣬰ϲԼﱣķݽļѼˣζ˼һ
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򶨺İ֣Ͱѿ޶Ҫӵõˮϴȥȡ
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һҨʯˮһûŪ
Ұɡ
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лл
ֽ㣬ҪŪʲôԵѽԴϴɯ̼ʶ˰ֵĳպ󣬶ǺܳݵġֻҪŪһЩжʳǺ츳ġ
ҪóøΡ
óøΣɯһ£æվƣʱɫ΢ֽ㣬⡭ⶼӵ𣿡
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Ϊʲôܳԣգգۣʾܲ⡣
װĶǶйܳǵǶҲЩ
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԰
ûκ︺ĻӦͬʱתʯùʳþһЩ
ǡ
ɯ̽Ļû˵꣬ͱɢŪƿԡ


78ζ

ɯżǲǺ㣿
ֳһЦŲΡ
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͵͵һ֣ɯ̷֮ȥϴδɻݸݴóϴˣȻгɼӵͺЩһ𷭳ⶫǻǽ
˵ıζͱȽְѲ˳ô㣬סܱеĺӶ˹
ķζһȿֺſڰס͵
ָհʳӹͿһѲ棬ð̹ĶԼ
ǲһ˳Զʳֻкһԡ
ЩһԹϴεļ嵰ԺҲûʲôģֳĶʲôҲʾͲĿ
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Ҿ˵أ˻ǳϧ
ֽ㣬඼Զ𣿡ɯޱȻɵʣ˲Ϊ𣿴ʲôʱǾȻҲʳãңôóԡ
ǰ౾ͿԳԣǳҲûʲô˵İԭʼ˾ټ֣ⲻܳԣǲܳԣЩḻԴȫװ˷ѡ
ʳµĹأѵûĹأ
׻˵ģǻġⶫζãֲ˵кΪʲôͲܳˣ
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ȷȻǿʳ֮ǾͲñ
һ˾Ϊʳѣ˶ʳãһ˵Ҳߡ
ԣһҪ飬ȿʿúúø˵˵
תۣʳͱһɨգˮһתɨɨЩ˱ĺӣ΢ֺõ˵СһǣǳҵĶܲܰҰ飿


79ʳȱ

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հֵĻæһͷ櫣˵ɣҪǰʲô
˷ܵĴ˸ָĵ۷Ź˵Ҫǰæʵܼ򵥣Ǵȥϴɯ̴ȥƬ֡
ܳԵʳʵ̫١ȥԴϴҵݸݴȲˣ򳦾Ұ˶ȥ֪ʲôջ
ðɣھͿԴȥ
ȵȡɯվɫĵסֵȥ·ֽ㣬ҪȥժЩжҰ𣿡
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ɯ̱޻˵ֻվһεĸɵۡ
߹ȥοɯ̼ɯ̣㲻˵һɽϵЩﶼ붬״̬Բԣһγʳȱʮ𣿡
ɯ΢΢ףװ˵ʲô
ǾͶˣңҿǲֹ۵õơϾĶ죬Ҳܱ֤㹻ʳԡ
ģɯ̳ԾĿʳȱһֱ˼Ϊŵ⣬ʱڣܹ˵а취ʵš
š뵽طǷḻȻԴһȴ֪׿ɣЩȫ˷ѡԻֵĳ֣һпʳõĶֽԻǵֵõ֡
󣬰־ͺɯ̻ЩӵȥɽֺԭҰȥժʳõҰˡ
ֽ㣬ڵʲô
ɾζˣǳը˻ζ
һ˵һ߾ͽմڳҰӵ֯
ɯ̿һ״ɫҲη̵СǸеʣֽ㣬ܳ𣿡
Ȼ
жӡ
ЩԲס˸۵ɯ̣ܱܲʲôжոյҰع˵жҲжľҲ£ңʲôûģ
ҡɯ̲֪˵ʲôֻίı͡Ϊ˵ЩˣǰʳãԣŻǳֻ̬ȡ


80

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ΧҵʳõʳġΪõҰҩõݤ˵ȵȡ
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ԺѽժҰʳָһͬǰȥЩǣһĶҪҲ֪ǺЩжǵĸֿ
ûа취ֻԼšȻЩӣҳ緹ЩȻǻϲý
ΪǶԹ˰ʳζһҲ
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ͰѽҰժõȥɹֻҪɹʱƾܿѡ
ɹ껨ҪϢ˭֪ȻͿЩɽԵ½
ĬĬĿһͼǰЩͷɥġ
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ΨһʱԼôЩ覲褣ЩãҲԲ
ᣬһһУûеڶ˵ġ

񻰻û˵ֺ꣬ȻһοָԸ
֣


81

͵ĻعͷȥͿ˿ޡ
ЦĶԼʮᣬɫЩ԰֮⣬ĵûʲôͬ
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ĵͷһλصԼס񡣿޽ȥɲϸԼʱͼۡ
ǰקס޵ĸ첲񺷸һʵǲΪʲô˲ϸ˵
ѵÿᷢôƢ˵ֿ˻ȴҪװһ֣˵û£İɣˡ
ʱ㻹ƤЦ㿴ȫѪ۸Ϲӿ𣿡ֵɴ۾켱ˣԽôһӣԽġΪ֪һ˲˵ҲẰһǷ
ôһѣ޲ע⵽ϸڡæȻĽȼнЩŹֵֻһСˡûϵ
УҼһ£ǲˣ
ûСʸڷϵͬʱȴСĺ
ֿУΪԼ˵ˡؿڴһȭ£Ҽһ˿ڡ
֣𡭡ҡ

ֿ챻֧֧ըˣ㲻һʲôˣֲʲô˵飬ΪʲôͲԼء
޼СùĹĵģһ˫ŭҪԼǰǼˡ
̼˼ѹֻӣһȵ˵ϡ
ּڿʵˣŭݣСҽĽڴвƤȹϾһء
δɣͿϵĳвλɶеķӦ
ɫһߣæȵޣܲʵ㣿
޿ͨһƬʹε֣ҿƲס


82˵

һû˵ʲôȥ鿨޵ˡ
˰죬ֵǿ޵ϲûа˿ڡ
°ͣջأһɵĳʵ˵Ĳȣ
ȴһݵģͷҧŵ´ͣڿʲô
ֿﲻѻ㾿˵ΪʲôϻѪأ
֡㡭֪𣿡
ޱΣֹ
ֵԼֱ챻ĹˣȴòӲͷƤһΣ˵
ǸȿȡҪٰҵȹһ㡣
һϣϵĻǾܿɶ
찡ò˵˰ɣҪĻԺǾûԸˣ
һ뵽ûԡֲҪػѣ
ŻˣҲ˲Ůб𣬶˵ͽǾһƤȹֱӴֱƷ
ֻˡһ죬ĳ֮ư鳰ĵǰ
⡭
ֿɵˣһֱ˵˼С
Ȼ޵ⱦѾǵһμˣǰʱ򶼱Ƚޣûôֱ׳ࡰ
Ҳ֪޵ıһСӰǴ󣬿û񣬻ôࡣ
˵ĸŮҪǼ޸һԸһӣɰȴеĿ־塣ǿ־壬һԼмܲסĿ־塣
֣֡
޼ͻȻͶԼɶв⿪ʼġ˵һƤ֦ҳˣڵġͷѿҲ֪᲻ãֻ᲻Լ
ҲΪԭ򣬿޲Ըð֪˵¡
ڿỽ£ַŻع񣬿ֲһһֱôŤŤģԭˡ
һʱΣȻſ޵ǶˣҲ֪޻᲻ֲ֪ܵŮո֮Իȫŵˣûба˼
ޣ֪ģһҽߡҸոջᶢΪҪ飬ûб˼
֪֣ʵ˵Լܲ˼ΪѵĻҪ˰ɣûϵֻǵһƤõġ
ΪЩܣ˵žҪȹӷȥ
˭֪ȴֹﶼˣúôĻ˿ڻᷢҲȾġ
ΪˣЩεô죿


83Ӧ

һʹԼָƽȱ𶯣ȥŪˮȻٸҩ
뵽ҪԼϴ󱦱Ҫǡ󱦱ҩظ˵úϲ£á
㻹Ц
ֲʲôֻЦһӣʱ
֣Ҫÿ㶼ôĻԸˡ
ҧҧ´ֱͺˣҲòôĵġ
ٺ٣϶᲻á
ȥЩˮȻϴѾϵTټһ鵱ëá
һŪԺ󣬿һڴĵ
ǸģŲµ˶ԷʲôЦһοĻҲûһ䣬ͶһסĴһֱʢˮϴ
ʹٻ̣Ҳɵ÷һ໡ĹֽСʹ࣬ƻ䣬һ˻Ƥ
ô𣿡ֿ۵ٶŤһȴЦųѯʡ
޲ϵĺɬһЦԾɳǿ˵һС
ԭͷԣɿ⸱ģûټ硣
ϴԺ󣬵ëɣﲻͣĴ̲סʵޣô˵ģ
ʱС뵽㡣
޷·ӹżһȦÿ˵һ仰þе
뵽ңʲôϵ𣿡
һЦ¶ڰʵ˵Ϊ뵽Ҿ˷Ӧ˷Ӧ֮ͱúܴһͰ£Ȼ֦Ƥ

ʲôƨ
úһʱ֪ôӦֻܴһ䣺å
Ҳåɶ˼ɵǺǵЦЦ֮˵֣˵Ķ滰
ҲŲţҸʲô
Ϊϲ񵰣Ϊ͵񵰰
ԭΪԼ
ڷ߹Ժϸ룬šҲǺ¡ϵ֦Ѿ̫ܣſտ޴ѽεģ֦˲Ź֡
ͻȻֲ˵ˣ޲ż֣Ҫõģ㲻ԺǸ˰ɣ
ֵȻ֪ãϸ˵ͲˣһȻûȻ֦һİpi


84

վҽĽǶʵø߿ޣ˵ޱ˵ģЩ̫ɶˣֲ֪ô˵ڡҪǣҪһ֪ε˶޺Ҫ죬̫粢硣
ȡ֪ҪõĻұøһ롣պֻܰѷ뵽Щĵס
룿Ϊʲô
㿴ﶯзӦĻ˿ھԶҲϲˡ
˵ӦҲǺΡû취ǿƲԼÿֻҪһ뵽ִֿ֣̼ĸо̲סͷ
ⲻ񡭡ֿʼˡ
ֿЦõĿСɽʣ˵ĶԲԣǲѪˣ
ףüͷܵ˵ǾͷɣȻߣһӶòˡ
͵Цͼȥߡ
濨޴˿ڣѾˡ
ѾĶƤͿʼŪԵģҪæҲãԼͰѽڻҰһ
Сʱű죬ԼҲûȳһڣ͸ʢһ롣
⣬ʮָ˵˵֣Ūʳ㡣ֻǺһʲô
Ҳ㳥һɣ⻹óء
⻹óԣЩ˼飬Ϊ֪óԵʳЩֲͱȲϡ
԰ԳԣζܺõģҲк
֣ģҲûжˣ빼ֵ⡣
Ȼһ¶ǣζǰˡŴŴĸоı⻹óԡ
¶֮ɫ˲ðõ˼㡣Ϊõ˿޵ϿɣԺҲˡ
ޣǲǱóԣ
֣ǴҵֶģĺܲԺһܳԵ𣿡˵꣬Ȳȵļһ뵽ǵһγԣҲζ
ҰģܺڵֻҪϲԺʱԡ
޶ʱ˷ޱȵ̫ˣҪҵҲζĶ
԰Ҹ˵һҵ˺ܶܳԵҰֻ֣ǵʱϿҰˡ
ҵĺ֣İɣڣһϿġ
š
ЦŻӦʵҲ뷨Щ˽ܸʳģԺҲһߡ


85

޳ԵñҪ٣ͬʱҲرĿġ
뵽аô˶ԼߣԺӸǶôҸ
ֽʰ꣬ʱЩˡ
˭֪Ÿո£޾繷ƤҩƵճ˹
ҪǰֵҲǨ֪ͣ־ͲԾλŲŲ
޿ĶԼظеܡΪ˵ǸطԲԸǰԼˡ
޺ĴԶȽϳԵĵڶԵԽԽԽдϲΪԼҸͬʱҲ̸Ϊǿ׳
ǲǾԼġѾˣܴԸõˣ
ޱȵǵͬʱӼеҪ֤ԼҪ֤ԼеģǵطֻǱһ޹ؽҪƤѣû˵һܹԸҲִ
ޣ
һ˵һĴ򿪿ֻͣβĦĴ֡һ˵ˣȴɫĲġ
֡
ỽ֣ԸжɳơǸձ򿪵֣һһ·ߣ漴߰ƤĨ
ûüסһĨ˵ķӯ־ǿнָѹ˻ȥ
ޣҪ𣿡ֱòᣬתɴϲ
޵ͷǰһǣڵ˷֣ܵʵҿԵġ
ֱΪ˻ϢôԼϣһȴԼ෴ڵӿ൱˵͸ѹ֮ɫ顣
Ŀԣ
˵ָĿ˿޵ɴˮжʱ˸Ź֮⡣
Ϊ֤ԼæĵͷţС
һҪԼʧϻǰȻ޴档
ǺðɣôôҪھˡִһĨЦһεϵûƾֹܻ
޴ϲΪĶѾ飬Ҫڽҹ޽¹ϵ˿ЩۣҲˡôѵãҲܴ
뵽޶ĿѾ̵˼ޡһѸ͵ķͰİ¡
˫ĺ⣬Ѿʼ


86

µļ˵գˮһĵĶԼһȥĳ嶯ͻȻо֮һĨĴʹ
ĴǰʹٵļһһĨóѵЦ⡣
ôˣǲģ
ãֿԵļһֵͬ֡
Ҳ֪Լôˣ;˵ĵطƵۣԼԽǼ뿿֣Խ۵
ģүǹҪͷ
۵κε£ֻڨڨֹͣͷϸϸһƣԼ˿ڴڲͣѪˣַ߹˿Ҳһӡ
ô£زҶһ֪ǺõĿ֡
ֻĴԱɨһۿһҲ̶õģЦ˿ϵĲɫЦ
Σ˿ڿѵζ𣿡
ܵĶӰֵıϿƺϵһ㡣
֣ҡ
֪𣿡
֣ô£ǲĲˣʹ˫ֱͷһοʼһɡķˣԺָô죿
ŬŬ죬¶صӵţҪÿ֪Ļ÷ϣ
˼ǡڻо𣿡
޽ɫ΢΢һץסһݰΣ
ְһۣûа취ǰֵú¸ߡ走˵ﲻ÷Ҫ˵һʱǺòˡ
Ҫߣҧҧ´ЩΪѡ
Ҿ㣬´ˣåá
֡ߣҿƲסô죿޴ҲˣԭԼڷԺǲЩķӦ˿ھͻԶѣѺ󲻵Ѫһء
꣬ȴ¶һƨµģ£룬Ҳ⡣

޻˵ŪָոΪʲôô󷽷ΪΪԭԤı
ˮ޵˴Ȼʼ˵ڶηߡ
һд꣬ѾǺҹˡ
۵òᣬ¾ͱ˯ˡ
Ա߿ţȥȴֲ֣ԭؿƼˡ


87Ըõ

ָ۾Ϳ޶һǣר־Ĵĥʯǹ
˯ĵطźǷߵ޵ǰޣҪȥ𣿡
޼ˣ΢΢ͣһеĶͷĿһ۵Ȼ
㻹ءֲüȻ̫ͬÿ޳ȥ
һůЦûϵ˶˵ûаӰ졣
УͲҪȥˣԼɽֲǲС
ǿѵ⿨ޣǸģÿĸֶܵĹں
̿ѹǵ˵ͷĿҳصãҶġ
¶֮ɫϼŻʯһ۵ʲô
Ұ⡣
۶ʱŹǼҰ⣿
˯ŵʱȥɢû뵽ڹһֻ򡣱ץֻ㲹壬˭֪һСĸˣôֻܰ
𣿡ЦЦ뵽ıڻЩ̿һǺ˿ٴοѣĲŻץͷùҰ
š
ˣ
һֱڣˣҿûѣһֱСС
ּðỤ̋ཹཡڴͬʱҲɢ˴ѵζ
ۣ㡣ޣҪŵҰˣ
׵㣬ôС
õԷ׿֮󣬰־æİժҰҶϴȻֱӵð̵ʯ
ЩҰ棬Ҳ̫塣
緹Ե൱ֺǡ
뵽ӦЩӵ¡
ɫޣǼڵЩҰȫòĺӰæҴӦ˴ңҪٷǡ
޳ζº͵Ļشû⡣
Ǽҵʯʵ̫˺ⶼر
ô죿Ҫ˰ĥһ𣿡
û೤ʱ䣿
ĻҪһң
ûİ˶Էһ۵һ죿ⲻǰ²̨
޺˿һʱЩΪѵ֣ĥʯһ׵飬ԡ
ˣԼ취ɡ


88˷ʳ

ָ޹ǲ̫ˣȻ̫鷳ĶֻһдӼ
޼ͻȻʧȥҲò̫ܡΪԣʵþȥȻ棬ȷЩ㡣
ֲڣ˴ʯκʳ֣ʶйҪԡ
ùʳҪû𿾳ʳóԵ̫ࡣԹһ֮ҲԸǰһˡ
֣ģһ죬ҾԻŪһĹ㡣
ظɫ֣ͫصĿ֤
֪ԸһкõĶԼ棬ġ
ԣûйοЦЦ֪԰ɣԱһҵæ
˳ԱҲûţֿʼΪ緹ޡ
ϾҪܶСˣ뵽ôİԼȻҲܿǡ
ޣŪͷҰʣ𣿡ӦûʣɣΪ޽Ⲣ࣬ҲʮӣһͷҰ˵Ҳаɡ
ʣĲˣΪʱڶԸһʱ׿ҲڡҺһ˷һ
ôֻҰһһҲвٰɣ
ȥͷβ࣬ҲûⰡǵģʳþ˵Ŀ˵Ĳʲô
ΪʲôҪͷβӵˮҲ̫˷ʳ˰ɣ
԰ֵʣȴһȻĻصͷβⶼ࣬ʮ鷳ӦҪӵˮǲǵôĶͲܳԡ
ɯûǳ飿ֵɴԵЩơ
꣬ɫͻ䣬ɫŵʲô֣ˣʲôࣿ
ɱֻӣҰóˡ
ЩʲôЩͲܳԣңûﲻʣ
˵Ļشץסֵĸ첲濪ʼ顣
ȴΪĽƿȻԼһһо˵һ顣
ĿɿڴðβŻʣ֣˵Ķģǿʳõ𣿡
Ȼ㿴˵ڲҲû𣿡
㲻Ǻܶ𣿡
ϴ֮ôأ
룬ȻһЦҲǡϴ֮ͲˡֻҺҵ˶֪ô˵ַһµζʳˣ
ǵģԣԺ඼Ҫˡ
ãҴӦ㣬ֻҪ㲻Ҹ㶼š


89Գ

ˮȻ޸ˣ벻ǣΧǲѩ֬ڡ
֪ͳʳɿڲ٣ÿ޽Ǻ֬һһĸ
ƬͰе֬ȵʯֻ죬֭˲ը˻
;ը꣬־ͽǸɱӹ̳ٽ͵һʯ
޿æòֺʱ൱ʣ֣ڸ
ը͡ԺͳˣܺóԵġ
Ķࡣ޼˵ĵģҲа㻳ɣһĨˬʵЦָָЩЩҪҰ𣿡֭ѾըɣʣµӿȸɱֳªҲûʲôˡ
˵ӡۣͳһۣû˵˸ⶫģⲻҪ˷ʳ
Գԣ
۷
ǰһﳢ
ޱԵһ¾Ȳķŵ
ţĺóԣ
ĽʳȥҪȥá
ϧûõͱĸˡ
ٳԵ㣬ϻˣⶫ̫岻̫ܳࡣ
˵ˡ޵û죬ֵȺˡ
Ķһۣģ߿ˣ˲ζЦЦ֣ڹأǹҵı
û뵽ԷȻʳô֪ܵĻһʱ߷ѵ¾ͳſ޻ʯǰɣ
ЦŶ㿪̵ߵһȥ
û˿Աְ߰ŵòԼҲͿʼĳˡ
ڼѾÿ޳ԵòˣΨһúǱҲֻеعˡ
ڿعϲֻ̫Ҫڻ˰ʱǾ͸
عϣͳһľϸһ룬ֻˣʵڹڵôҲò֡
һҧְʣµҰˡΪζߣصػЩ㡣Լ˵ϲЩϣҲ֪ЩǳԲԵϰߡ
ͺñֶе˿԰ӣҲҲŻ¡
ԣÿҵϲó̶ˡ
תۣ͵硣


90˸

ɯ̴ǰﺢԼ˰סĵطϾŵǣһٺóԵĿҡ
ЩСһΪ˳ԵʳϾͿʼΣŪʲôóԵĸǡ
쵽а˸ӡʮ꣬С߰˾ꡣſˮ۰Ͱ͵ĶŰǹҰ⡣
޿첽ߵĸǰڰֵĶС˵֣֪֪Щǳͣʳˣô󷽣ҳԲġ
ѾǳԹζˣȻ֪Щǵľθڣ˲εĿ޵Բ𣬾һΣѾǰӦˡ뵽Ϊ˴Լÿ춼̰ڣֵʳֲǺֵܶ࣬ȷӻԿ˵ܲƽ
ȿȣѹ֣Ҹ㿪Цģܶôãʵ˭ˡԺҲ˸̺𣿼˶֡
ʲô˸ֳԾıȳһƣ˱Ȼֲ顣
ǺǡЦЦֵô𣿷ģ˵˸ʮ˸Ҳ
ظ֤һɷµģ
ҲŲҪء˵꣬־պͷƫһߣǽҿ뵵ݸһЦһ˵ԽԽˣ˸ҪԼȥûйõ˷档
ʳնЩĺҲδк£ѾΧһ𡣴һգҲգĶϰŪرʳģŵӣЩԵĻͻȻƵġ
ֿŸݵǣؾ뵽˾ڵӺɽضͯҲÿԴֿҰˣżһٺóԵģ¶Ŀ뵨ʵۡ
ޣúǶϴȻͿԳˡ
֣ڵǵİ裬ȫǴ밮
ɴܹӦϲӵġԣҪ˸̵ľٸġ
־ÿһƺǻлԼٴƽȥתȥ˹ķϴĻ𣬾ͽ濾ĵع˳
޼ԼΪǺߣʱӵ⡣
һľںֶ֮£һɨ⡣
ֵǹԲ˻ԲûŰѺȥǰЩĵع˳
ǵعϣ濾ƤͿԳˣܿɿڵģ
ֻ䣬ЩӾһһعϣͷʹڿ


91

Ϊ޺˶ʳΪԲ߿عʳ˿ֵ̿ĵǶġ
ǳԵúˣ¶֮ɫҲðο
˳һعϵݸޣҲԵɡ
áǰʳģ޻Ǻܵġ˵ڵȥںĲǺϲɢ൱ˣû˭ܾˡ
عҲҧһڣζɢʱȻûʧȻûʧԼһ󱦲أ̻Ѱҵ˿õʳģҪǣʶҩˡ׻жδŵأڴҲţֻϵľϲ
緹־ˢȺĺȥԼˡ
ľ֪ͨңԺҲֻΪˡ֣ͨǿȥµʳġЩʳֻҪ⿵õ£ζ̶ȲǳԹκο
ҪǣЩµʳĿʳúԺҲǰ׾ݣ˺Ҿ㲶׽Ҳõܶ⡣
ۿҶˣɯ˼˫ͫһգգĶԶĿޡ
ɯ̣ôˣ
ֿ֣̲סͣĻСѯʡ
ɯԴĿһ۵ֽ㣬˵ʿˡܸܲң˵ˣ

ֺȻ˵µģɯΪ޵˺أʱżֽ˵ǵ죬ǵ˶ܵİΣд¡
ȡɯ̣ûʲô¡϶Ҫܵѡ
϶ɯ˲һʺš
治֪ôɯ̽ͿʵˣȻĪһȻbaoƤ˵ǵ޺ġ
ɯȻ죬վǸӣ˵Щⲻ̫ʡ
ھƬ֮󣬲òӲİ϶
Ǹɯ̸ոǿˣ޵ô𣿡
ɯʵҡҡͷ񵥴˵Ҹո͵͵Ĺ۲ʿûʲôֻ


92໯Ϊ

ֻʲô
ֻ·ƺ֣ǰʿ·ӿˣɯ˵ţģѧ˿ƽӣǴǻӣмơܿ죬ɯֹһˣ˿ɾˣǱ׼ڰ߷ǽ£ϥм˸ơƿƵġ
ֿҲ̲סꡪľЦ
˵޻·ģֻ̫æûע⵽ϸڰˣûɯƳ˶ߡ
ֽ㣬˵𣿡ɯ̲װЦʲô¹찲Σ飬Ц
ţûû
ֲɯС飬ֻܵͷ͡
ܸΪʲô𣿡
Ϊʲôǿ޵Ĵߣˣռִ󣬿һ˿ڱ˻ʹԲŻıˣǰĽڵڰ˽š
ɯ̣𣿡
ҵȻֽ㰡ô
ҵĻͲҪĿˣõģ㱣֤Ҫһڣ·ƾͻָ
һڣ
˼
ðɣֽ仰ҾͲˡΪͿ˵ôص˰ֶκãʿֻ·һѣֽһҲǲڻ°ɡ
ɯ㲻ǳˣŻЦСѾͷﻹʣ°صعϣȥ˰ɡ
ֽ㣬ҿûȥҰ𣿡ɯʵСȻǵİֲӦΪԼΪ˽
˭֪ȴһҲû˵԰˭Զԡ
ллֽ㣬عϺܺóԣҺҰûԹԡɯ֪عϵζŰԼжô޴ȻᵣôóԵʳжֹ˰Ƿôһɿʳġ
ɯϲԵĻǿȥϵطڣʱŪö㰢ԡҸ˵˿ų⣬гɹɣɵعϸԺԵԣҲǷǳ
ֽ㣬ôʲôʲôᰡɯ֮ɫôδ˭аôƺԽһи໯Ϊ棬ļʶж֪͹廹е˶󼰵ġ


93˵Ļ

ڿ޵ĸ֪µ֪ɽõζҰʳĺ󣬼Ҽһ¨Ӽ͵ɽ
̫ɽʱ򣬴һض飬ϹҸЦݡ
ֺϴ衣ΪʮȣǰʱֳһĺڻճĹֲܡ
֪뷨ȥһˮİֻֽˮһЩ
֣ˮˣϴˡĿתĶ΢΢¶˿͸֮΢Ц
ֶ˶һļƤЩŤ֪ˣȥɡ
ȥ֣Ҫ𣿡ĿһЩˡ̶ֵ濴ҪˣҳȥĻпܱʪġ
һίѹģ֪ĻΪǡѩļĸҪ޹֮ʩŰء
˼ǣҪ￴ϴ裿Ҳŭֻһֺƽֺ򶨵
˵µĿ޵ͺȴҪϸƱȻǣֻѡҪңҿ԰۾ϣʲôġ
ڻ湻ɵģСһƭ
ȻҪôô־ͳȫ
ȣҪҲûʲôϾңҼûʲô˵ġ
֣˼ҿ𣿡
һʼ޻ΪֻἫأΪôߣϴβС߹Լ˺þõһҪϴ裬ȴֵðҲˣǷ˵ѾĵװԼİ¿ˣ
ֲźۼһЦ˵ɫĲļһȻ֪ˡ
־Ϳ첽ߵˮߣͷĵĳԭصĿգգ۾ǶƤԸС
ཡ
޷˿ĭѪҺĪĿʼ궯˷
ոջ˵۾أڣ۾ֱˡ
ò˵ĸʱˣƭŮ˶ǺԼһС
ͱ˵䲻ȥ˯ɶҲɣġ۵ģɶҾͽȥ
ȿȣ⳵еԶˡ
Թ
Ҳ֪һĿʲôԣͿƲơĵݡ
ǽһͷںڵĳ߸¶޳ѩ׵֮ĽϵƤĨһһ


94߱

ڻҫ£͸˵⡣
ľɵվԭأ˲ס˺Ϊǰ¶˼㣬溦صĺǰһС
Ƿ֬Ƶ񱳣ǰţûκο£ճһĨΪ˵
޿΢ȫûзְֽ쳣ƽصɣɽ죬ȴֻ˾ǵ
ֽδƤĨȹٴȴԼĽΪλδ֣
Ȼûһӵʱ䣬˿޷ʹĵ
æعͷȥΪ߹⣬⽫Ĩصסؿڡֻ¶һΨµǣɼôһССķ⣬Ȼ
ǰĿޣɫȥмܣȴڲסĿڴ
ӦǺܿʲôȴƴѹš
ȻĵĳһЦܺãҪľ
ޣôˣû°ɣּװܾĿſޣǸ޹Сģ˶벻һгȥ§ڻкúóͷ
Ȼڵȫ
֡
ߵĺ֣Ρ
ǰһС۵šüͷʣզˣﲻ𣿡
ߡߡֱˡ˵ﲻãҪ˵ϡֽôõһǰȻȴ˵ܳɹ
ʲô߰Ϊһסѵʹװ֪

ӰָָԼ棬Цá
Ŷúõôأۡ
ұɽͣȴ̲סЦˣؾ֪Сֲǰֽôôˬ죬׵ľʹӦ£ԭԤı
ϧ֪һԺѾˡ
֣ǹ𣿡
ʮƣаı˺ˣһҪúõĸѵѣԼ˵ˡȻԲԼĽܵ
ôǹأǰߵʱ˵ˣ㲻Ҫ˷ܣԼȰġȥ㲻ȥȴִҪͽ͵ʴס


95ʹ

ô죿
ּ޿ɥһͷģٴ̲סЦô죿ȳȥϴٸ߷¡

һʱƿԣòϵùŰȣʮǱ߳

ǳЦͽϵѵĵĿʼϴ衣
ʱҲ¿޻͵ΪճԿֻԼҪܵĻҲûҪš
ڰϴ𾢵ʱͻȻ˾׵¡һը죬ħ
Ҫˣһꡣ
ֱÿһ£ԴװһЩɾĶתһ룬ϻˣ˿ָողſѣˮʪ˿»Ⱦ
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ѿ޽нæҩӷϡ
룬ڶϾûǰᣬҧ̵ڣʼղԼ
аһǻãԶѧԡ
˻
޺ȻޱߵҹɫԵʮа꣬˶仳СҲ֪Ϊʹ໹ܡ
лʲô
˾ޱȡرŪ쵽Ӵһκ壬أװЩĶֿѣ޲ھ˦ֲɡ
֣úУǧҪ
ĵۣǴ̼ҪҪġⱲҲ˰ɡ
´λԲԣ־׼˻ᣬͬʱе˿̲вԺĻл᣿
~~~ģԺ˵ʲôҶġ~~~~ȷſֺòá
޼ֱоԼҪˣһҪһ۵Ҫ
ߣ
˿޵䱣ַ֤ɿԷȻרĵΪ
һǻá
ɯ̻˵ţֿʲôõĵġɻˡ
ȻҲΪˣɯ˵޵һھͻã鷢չһܲܺö⡣
ˣһһɣʱòˣÿ쵰Լȥ˽͡
濨޴˿ڣѾˣ˸ĺǷҪȥ˯
޼Ҫ˯ˣ˹ȥոôһڣҲ˼־⡣


96

Ȼûüȥ־ĹĵĵԲ۾Ҫɶ
Դʵͽ˵Ҫ˯
Ҫˣ
޵ͷԼɲһۣЩŵô˵أѵͲҪ𣿱ˣԺҪΪµġҵҪǻˣҲҸ
㻹Զ㣿ǿ챻ȵļһˣһֵԼıһҪߴա˲ǵ͵֪ƷжҪ𣿷
ֲ꣬ܳȥ˯Ķ
ϸһ룬Ҳǣ껹ܰѶԷϳȥһѳֲסҷ顱ưôꡭǲð졣
˼һҧ´Эðɣ˯ԱߣҪңʵͿˣٴγζ
Ŷ
ӦţƺԸղŷһ£ŵӰֵûˡ
⵹Ҳ˰ֵ⣬üһĨЦ漴һɣһţⲻԼռ̫ʹĴڸСŵĳ˵
ȻôɷѿģЩ鲢˵ġ
ޱŰµģһֱǿԼҪ𣬲Ҫȥ֡
ǣҪƽʱ򣬱ǼһɵǼơζֱԴζһ֧ëòġġ
֡
޲һͷֻõƵɤȥ
ţ
ֱ˯ˣ޵һ˯⡣
ϴʱǲǷʲô
ǰҷ˰ݣǸȥζġǺǣⶼųӻ飡
ЦĿſޣⲻ֪ڵĵԿ˵Ƕĥ
ʧصֻζȥֵޣҪ
Ҳ޷޶ˣֻڡһ¾һ˫΢΢ĶԶŽŵĿվʲôһ㡣
ֱޱͻأĶһ˰СĳҪҹ𣿡
ĵĿһۣյ֣˯ţ˯ɡ
䣬ʹվ
Ҫȥ
ȥ濴ꡣ
ҹĲ˯Ҫȥ濴ꣿֺܿ׹ˣʱֳһĨ⡣
ֹ£ֻӵ˵һԼע㣬ҪžС


97ܹ

⼸죬ҲɽڼˡΪάƣΧĴֺҰزһЩȽϳСųԣҰҰʲôġ
Ƶǣ˲Ҳ˷Խء
׻ΪÿҹͰѳֲסֽӶı˺üءһرһʹ࣬ô̵һһЩҲ¶һȦ
ͬʱֵҲŽһʼԿֻǱ׽Ūεģµ޵ܵδ̼ĻľҪˣҽߵĽǶⲢ˵档
ûԿǾһпõTJéըࣨߣ
ϣպڣҲûԣһһԷ
߹ݸһֻĴȵ֣ˡ
ȤȱȱĿ˿ҡͷ԰ɣҲ
һ춼ûôԶ
ǻΪҵ㣡
ּͷ˵ҲЩֱڿ졣
һĬȻֲ֣ң̫ˣÿζ鲻Խ
ֵ˸ۣûа취㲻˵֪˶°˼ĶأͲܿƵ㣿
밡ǡ
޺ΣκǿԿƿ̵ġΨֶʱ˸һ׳嶯˷ܡ
˺֪ˣ˵˵ȥйŮľͲöһҡ
֣ʲô˼޹źغܽţֽ֪Ҫ˵ʲô
סǺܽҪȥҽΣ
ȥסңɫͫףѹʡ
ףûаԣȥ˯ҿҹĻܲܶһ˷
֣ⲻ̫ðɡŴıɲʱʮֽӲ
ȴȻʲôõģѲÿĴϼ룬Ʋһ£ĴһԧϷˮͼ
һ뵽ÿԼĴ󱦱Ҫϡ̡޲ԾĽһУһĨʹ֮ɫ
֡һסȫİ
ʲôĵģֲòǻߡ˵ǺͺסôҪ˽һ϶Ҳɡ
޵нԺ˵Щȷ㲻ʲô⡣ֻġȴʼǷŲġ


98ͬ

û˵ȴʧ䡣Щְ̣ο˼ܲܲҪһӣң첻Ҳܼ˵˺ˣͿסˡΪãԼҪˣɡ
ʹ֣Ҳûк˵Ҫ˸̡
ǰ˸
ֺ˺ؼʱҲٴˣֻ˳ӦҪܵУ˸Ͱ˸˵ɡʱ˵˸ˣҹһѡ
֣ͬ𣿡޽ͫ˲гһϸ죬˷ֵɪӣǱȵõȫ绹㡣
ֲٳȥһһָˡ
ȿȡȥɣС
á
õֵˬ컰󣬿ҲСŤˣת˳ĳ
ֿ뿪ųһ˿
ûϵû꣬ǼһͻȻɱ˻
ٴеĻסؿڣ龪ȵôֻˣ
޺һЦûʲôǼȳˡȰ岹ãҵ˿Ǿ̡

ޣȻTM飬ǲҪˡ
ɯҵ˰ǲǳˡ
ʸڷû£ɯȴš
˵ûи޳ܣΪʲô⼸϶ں˯
ɯΪʲôĿ޵˽£СѾͷѾ𣿺òⲢɯһ˵˼ǹ˶ĵ顣
ǵ죬ػ˵ʹˣҳ˻֮⣬δԼҲ൱⡣ΪĺҪְλΪһ˵ػ
ֵĴǻѾڰ˵гʿδµѡҲ֪Ů˽ǰһ崴漣ҫ
ԣʱر°ֻǵ϶̶뿪ǽǶʧ
п˵޷ɯ˵ϸԭֻܺұڵɯ̣ûкͿ޳ܣ֮Ҳûв졣ȥ˯ǡΪ鲻̫ãÿصȥ
𣿺Ϊʲô鲻ã
ȥʿˣΪֻһ˵ԭ治֪û취ֻܰ˵׸ˣʵڻش𲻳
ɯ̵Ҳû׷̫ࡣ֪ͿûκìܣСѾͷҲǰôˡ


99

֮ǰ
Ұһĸǰϴθɯȥɼ׻ʱڣС׸ǿ޽ȥʱ˳ץġ߼沢һǼӪζ
ᵽζˮֱĳ嵽ǰŰ˷֣ܵʲôóԵģ
ֶһЦӰú˸ӣرĲҪȵ㡣
˵ţ־ʢһ֭ݸޡ
ʵòŰ˵ҲͲöһ㣬ǰΪˣԵú嵭ﶼ쵭ζˡѵԼȽ䣬ܲúÿθ
ֻꡪûһ޾ͽһͷ˸ɾ
ƤܣЩδĳֿ˹ȥ
һعڿУŬŬ˵ҪԼȥʢ
õ̫ϻʵʥּһ㣬˵һáȲȥʢڶ롣ֵĳ˹Ķ̫óˣԼҪܳһӾͺˡ
֣ԼôԣⶼܺóԵġ˵꣬ʯҨһҪȥι
һܿҲԣԾˣùҡ
Ϊʲô޽ͫһ󲻽ʡ
ǰһڵĳɹΪľǸ޲ӣ˿ϡȻаԿ޵θȫڻ¡
ԣ᲻óԣÿһ˰ЩԹ⡣
ǣֲܰԼʵ뷨߸֪ӣ϶ʣµꡣΪֺްñʲôء
Ϊθã̫ĶعϾͱȽϺˣͨģϲˡ
ҲܳЩôݣóⲹСüһ۵Ŀ˲ǰʳʧȥȤ
֪ҲҪҳθЩ˵԰ɣҲٹһβʣĺ꣬ԺҲóԵˡ
СװвԼޱͰ赽˹˿һ˿˿ѹæĵͷУҺȣָʳһҲ᲻˷ѵġ
ʮӵӣһÿ޳Եøɸɾġ
¡ĶƤԱһվӢ¶һĨ֮ɫ汥


100

ֿڵģЩȣ̲סЦתһʰ꣬һ߶ߴٵԱ˻ߣ׻˵ů˼һҪЩ߰Ķʱ˿ˣ治Ǽò¶
ߣΪʲôҪߣ֣ȥϢЩɰɡ
ߵǰ˳㽫δˢ˹ȥޱȵİ˺顣
ֱٶŪͷˮ˦˦ϵˮǾȵʣѵ㲻ȥ𣿡
ޱŰ֣ش쳣ᶨȥˣҵļҡ
ˡ
ȥҪǵ͵ĺ˰ʹ
֣ҵѾûˣ㲻õġ
ƭˣҲһڲܺãŴαȽأôͺˣ
ֵĻ˵ޱȵߣΪĵĿ޵ŻɵԸ嵱¡
֣ûƭ㣬Ѿˡ޼˶ŭˣЩš
ȻţͷŤһߣװ뿴ӡ
޼ˣǿнӰ˹Ҳ˵ʲôؾͽԼƤȹ߸Ϊе֤ԼҲ˲ʲôܣǺһ㣬ҪƸ
û뵽ԴԼɣôֱӡȱ¶ʱֱӾɵۡ
һ̵İǺ޷ģڼһæס۾ɲǣСֺ̣һ㡣
ޣåڸʲô
Ҫըˣһƽųɫһ㣬Ҳûô쾹ȻôҪͰɶ¶ʲôϰߣ̬
֣Ҳǹģôֻ㿴ҵˡȻǲҵģ

ֻԼȥˣɡǡĶҲ̫ࡰ㡱ֱЩɣһѵͲί
֡㵽Ҫôſң
Ϊˣ˵ȴţԼɣ߶ҿ⡭ѵҪȥǼһһ˯
һᰮ⣬ζز˵ϻϲࡣÿ˯һ־޴ĥ
ȽֵķյĻΡ
˿޻Σ侲룬޻ĺˡϾǰʣ಻һͺñϴεİͿˣ˵ñصö࣬ȻֻѰ֮һļ䣬ͻָ˲ࡣ
ԡӦûƭ


101

ȱ֪ûƭˣҲûȥ顣ΪոһĻ˵ʵ̫ԾҲ̫𺶣ֹӾ֪ôȥӿޡ
˵۰ɣʱкܵ˵Щֱַ˾Ҫ˾
ˣ㣬ɡ
ֱڵûƢֻЭŷ
꣬ƷƤȹԼص㲿λסԺͼı˰֡˷ܵһǡ
ֱ׵ò˼Ŵ˾䣺ܲܲҪôɪ
֣ҽԺ˯ǰɣ
۷Ķ¶ǡ񣬾һ޲ϰڻ
СȭԷؿᴷ˴ľ˵˯ǿ˯ǱʲôԽ
һеĹһһĵȥ֣ǲ˵˵ģҵıˣҪ̵𣿡
֪¶Ϊ죬ͲܶΪ룿
ʵɣҵֱһҵ

޻˵һڱķš棬ͱ˭ǡ
УŸպãôҲһ²Ϊ
ʲôΪòЩʶһ֪ʵĿŰ֡
ˣֱԵְ֮еΪ
æƤһţصѹܶͳƵ֣ҿ֤㲻һ£Ҳеġ
桰С֣˵áӡˡҲȹ̡
ֱŵæ۽ţޣǸ쵰˵һΪʲôͲȻˣûг׸ԭҪ²ĻҲ⣬еĻɱû㡣
ڿаֲӵĿⷬԺ˲ͷ̵̧ʣ֣˵ģ²
˵أҽҽּոյЩЧҲ˼֡
ǡ
ʲôǰ𿪣
ðɣΪǵĳԸ֣Ҿһ°ɡҧɫͨ죬òѵĴӰŲ
Ϊ󱦱˾ͿϺִٳ£û뵽һЩʱ䣬ǼˣԣǼ񡱣


102õȢ

ڱȰ˵סˣظ˿ѹ¸ﻹģĳ֮򳤾ͣɵġ
ɶҲ˵һۣŲԼ˯
ڲֹ࣬ȴ֪˵ʲô
塭
ɽ
ı˴ҵľĸơ
רע棬ڼ綥һֻҲδ
ѾˣϮ׹±֮;һֱ÷նŹ֡
˴ʹôˣֻЦЦ˵
˿̣еľһƷ̵ܿһŮӡŮӵȴǱ¡֮ܿĺܺãΪľеŮûдһ˿ơͦķӯβǹ˵߶ʧΪһķ羰
ǰıƳ˶֮¹ģƺŮ˻г֮ĮȻ֮
һأôˣ
˴ɻߵǰܾʱ˴ųˡ
磬ôľ񣿣˴ȵĻЩСΡ
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ⷽϽɣĻ¡
Ŷ
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磬ⶼǵĴˣ㻹Ҫϵʲôʱ򣿡
Щë˴ȣֻͣǶʱһĨĻȵȻһٴߣ㽫ɣȢΣ
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˴ȵĳ嶯ǵĮ˷ָ
ѳɡꡱɣ£ǳɻٺʲ
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ãûЩǷعǸطѰǸȾһӡ
磬ôԣ֪ģҸû
ƶеľ񿴵ó૵û߱һж迿ԼŬ˴ȣǸӺˣɻ飬ῼ񡣡


103˵

磬֮һоͱòһˣ˴Ⱥ֪׹֮󵽵׷ʲô
˴Уĸƣأǣڣر뵣Ӻ
ڣٶκģɣĻҲԥƸԼ´˲ʡ
ƵĿʼղ뿪еľַһ˿տ
ܣ㻹ǵĪӦүүʱǽǸ˵𣿡
˴Ƭ̣òŵĪӦүүǰǽܶ಻˼Ĵ˵磬ָĸ
˵ںܾǰǵȲססһƻȵĵطط֣ľïɽţȺסе͸֯еĲΪҵŰȵ
ֱһ죬ͻȻһ󺵡ϵ̫ɹеĽˮͬϵֲҲήʱǵûзԣûˮȣ½
ʱʮֿ־壬ÿ춼Ҫϣ齵õϵֲÿҪ˵õȡ
Ȼû˭еİѣûн
˶еʱиʼȵȴվ˳ΪۿüòĴΪѰˮԴ֪ҵĻʼΪ㣬Ȼܷ
ɽԽ룬¶ޣĴҲʱ򣬺Ȼһɿʵĺ߷һŮӡ
ŮųͷûдκεȴһƵڡ¸ЩңԶȻܸһ㼡µС
ʼȷʱĵĿʼΪҲǸԼһΪҪ˶ġĻͬʼȥο䣬ߵһʱͻȻ˽ˮʼΪԼˣ˵ô󺵵涼ҪˣĻˮ֣
ʼȰٰ㲻˼飬æˮѰҡ
һһҵʱȴˮǴӱ𴦶Ůᡣ
ûŮĵˮڵʱͱһȪǳĴΧÿط
ʼȴĿãȷµˮԴǴŮӵйġһ̣𾪵˼㡣޲ùǰлһ뵽þͿҪˣ˲ö࿴æһʢˮˮ𣬷ɱżҵķ


104Ů

ȥԺѾˣˮԴѾˡ
ҸһٴλصǸطԭѾѵϿܣȴһɫз£խխɽ֮䣬ڣѩͷȰϵɽͷߡ
˿ˮ֮󣬷׷ԵˮУ̰ĴڳΪѰҲѡ
ʼȽԼˮ˴ң˵ˮһŮӵữɵģϧûκһ˿
һŮ˵ᣬôܻữΪȪˮ
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106

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107

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ĺ촽ۿϾҪ׵ʱͻȻз˽˺رͻأʿҶѼϣڿԳ
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108ľ

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109ľ

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110

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111Ҫ

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112

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113ʧ

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115˸

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116

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Ļε֣ᰴѹԼؿڴƶµĴ硣
ȻЦĿţ۾ǰɢŹ
޳ݵòԳֶ֣׼ĺ촽ȥ
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117

°ֱŵˣæҪһ߶㡣
ȴۼֿĽȦԼĻУ˫ο
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֣Ҫߺòã
޴һ˿ĿڰֻûκλӦ֮ʣٴδǰȥ
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֡һΣһκòá
ɳƶòǵĺƴһ㡣
Ŀ޿ȥǿģȴʱΪֻҪڴ˿̵ͷһһԵͷʣܵڣ
СΪȫϾܾ
һ֪ͣˣȻУôֻװ֣ĺܣҺʹࡣǰʹҽ˵ġ
ԣһȽϵ壬ֻ˵Ӧ
ƨҽأǹƨҽһ붼磬Ϊһ᲻֪˵Ǽ٣ҪһˣΪ˴ﵽĿģȻֵͼĻҲ˵óڡ
ȻѻҴĿֻʧֲӣ̶ӵ㲻ĺܡ
Ϊ˲ȡֵͬ飬ĳ˹üͷװ鲢ïӡ
Ҫܼܺ򵥣ȥˮｽȥ
ָɴĻشÿƿԡ
ôҪ԰㣿
һ˵һӶ־롣ҪаѵһԥİˡԼ͸ɶһ
ãԼȥɡ
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޲һرˣΪʲôôأǽȻҪΪµģڵȴôߣЩˡԼİ˸̶ôֵİ裬֪Ҫʱ̰̣ҲֻٵȵȰɡ
Ǽһĵ뿪ĵ˿
ֶһ٣֪´λ᲻ôˡ


118

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ƢûгڶöţŵζֿˮҪˡ
޼ˣЦŻͷ֣ˣ԰ɡ
ֿɲ̫ԭһͷǵУ˭
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֣ԣҪòáұ֤ҲᷢڶΡ
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ߣֵҲûļǳֻÿףÿη˴ͿԿõġ
Ǻãһ¹ҾԼ
˵꣬ƣһҪĶ֡
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¶ΥĻգ޵Ҳò١
ۿҪԹˣһ⡣æ忨ʵǼҵĹȥĥ𣿡
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˳ſָķ˹ȥȻǿʯѾףЩ񣬵ȴǰࡣ
ĥӦúܷɣ̽ʣϾôһʯֹֻܿĥӦòʲô׵飬Ҳ뵽
׵Щ׿ɰѹʱҿϵˮݣͦⲻȥġ
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ҲУȻȥŪҩ˼͹ȥ
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119Բ֮ҹ

緹󣬿޲ûһ˳ȥԣǴŴһСӱĴĥԼƽԵĵʯǹ͸
һ£ʱٰġ
˵ѵú˷һ٣ҲȥúõɢɢģǷһԼȴܵĥЩ˷ѹ
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ӱ߷ָָ̫ĵ˵ʹĥһûֻǼһȥЩľͷһڹװҲˡ
İɣʿġֻǽȽҪ

Ŀɯ̣Եʮ
ֽ㣬ѵʿû˵
ɯҲԾΪô鿨ʿ͸ֽ˵ˡ˭ֽ֪ȫȻڹ
˵ʲô
Բ֮ҹʿ˳ȡ
Բ֮ҹͫ˲Ŵ󣬺Ȼ뵽ɯ˵ǰֻԲ֮ҹó̬֮ѵ˵ͿԿһĿޣһĹ
һʱ䣬ֵЩţҲЩ¡ŵǣ֪εĿ޻ʲôģǣκǷܱ˼άûУԼ񲻳ǵеࣿ
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ǵһҪʲô𣿡
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ɯһǵĿԶòŵǻȥɱĹޣȡ޾
ԭֻȥɱޣȡ޾΢˿
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120

ֽ㣬һҲģһȥɡ
񣿡
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ɯ˵꣬ҲȰֵͷ෴ķܡ
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ĿӦҲͬģΪ˼˵ƽǰΪɯ˵׳ǿԶҪ濨޳ȡ
ҲЩ˺ͺӶԵЩ֡ʲôҲû˵ֻǹĸóָ߼ֶЩ̫˼ǳЩ˺òЦЦĿǰʯϡ
ⲻ֪һһڰֵ׶ߵľ޴ʯ̵ĲϹʱ֮һĴ
˵Ů洽飬Ů
ָı仯ռԣֽˡ¡ʷֽΪԣ̻Եķɪӡ
ǹŴ˵елʼ棬йżмصҲйҽҩ֮һôֳ˰һĹˣѲɣֻԵʣ˵˲Ƿˣֻ֮ɺϵƣ
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ȻЩǰܹģܲĵġ


121Ըð

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һɲʱ˼ֵʣɯ̶˵ˣ
˵ˡ
ͷԴСһ㣺ȻѾ֪ˣǽϾ͹ԹԴҲҪȥһɯ㡣
ᣬůůġزץסĸ첲ɯ˵ǻΣա
κ鶼ΣյģؼǻΣա
޴Ӱֵп˵ǣңοΪ˲ģѴ˵赭д޹ؽҪ
ޣҪҸ㣬ܲܲҪȥðգ
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ôҲû뵽ֻ˵жʱ˸ж
ģԣԸⲻһеߣӦ˵κ
ɡܶʱҲȲѣΪ˲䣬ΪˣҲΪԼΪ֣ҪǰǰԨ
֣ģһûµġ޾պãԺ㻹Ҫġ
ҲҪ˵˲Ҫ
ֿ˿޵ľģĶʱЩʧأҪѶӲ
ϴξͲҪ˰Ϳ˵ڿҪΪȥðգ֪޵Ⱥս˵ĿԻ󽵵͡Ϊ⣬ʼ޷ƽȥ
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122̬֮

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Զ׼
չ黹ԼŵĲǺСԣΪΪصòſǿջЦãȥҲ˻𣿡
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˵ģҪǸˣһ²ҡ

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123

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ܲҿóεӣ
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ֺգû뵽
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124ʨ

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125ڼҵȺ

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126ǰ׼

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127ҩ

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˵ʲô
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Űۣд˭֡ȻֵǣȴĪͷˡ
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ʱûлشȴץٿҩݣڱǶϸšȻͣ½Ųɫ󺧵ãЩҩǺжԵġ

ɯ۲ŵҧԼͷĶŰֿ˰βŲ˼ɣֽ㡭Щҩж𣿡
صĵͷʾûдʶҩݵʲôжʲô޶һžȫ֪
ɶҾ˵ôͻȻôˬ죬ԭǰжҩøǡͲЩжҩݻẦЩ𣿡
Ӧ֪ġ
ȻܰжҩݸǣôһҲ֪Щҩá
찡ôô˵ֽ뺦Ҳ˵ùȥЩҩҪ˵˷ãⲻٽֽ֣ȥɱԼ
ŮĻ̫ˣɯ̣ԺҪСϴξ֪Ů˲򵥣û뵽ӻôҲó


128˾

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ˣȻҰЩǣȻбò֤ݣ϶Ҳϵġ
ģʿһ˵ĻǸ˾
Ϊ޻ңáЩ֪˿ٻΪ²ҿƫ̻
ɯգСżѵô찡ܲһֱңɣ
վжõӦġɯ̵ļο
ɯȻܾɥ˵ǻûеõܾ˵ҩݡ
ûϵϴҾΰͿʱɵĲҩδ꣬ȻѾˣҲó
ɯ̵ͷҲֻˡ
ڰ˹ҽûֵκκôֻܴͷɥ߻˼ҡ
ְѼʣҩݶ˳ֺԺ󣬾ͽǵʯװ
еҩͽó
һֱæûͣЪ֪߾ͷǰס
źȽմأʷΧһв塣
ɯ̽Ļæ꣬˸䲼˾⣬˿ڸǲϵĻϲڴ
ֽ㣬ѾʿӦÿˡҪ֪׼Щ϶ܸˡ
ǰϣû£ȻʧĻӦɯ̣ȴʼշĲ¡
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á
˴еĻͲߵ⣬ڴſƽ
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ۿˣȴûл
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ֽ㣬˵ҰͿʿǲǳˣ
Ҳܺ£ȴò򶨵ɯ̵ͷȰοģһ·ϵˣܳ£ҲӦҪȻĻ
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Ļɯ̻ûǼ˵꣬Զںʿǻˡ


129

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ɯҾ˵ǻûµģⲻͻˡ
ֽǿȥӭǰɡ
š
ɯ˵ҲȲˡ
ǣ֣ǹķһ·ɱ
ԶԶģ־Ϳ˿޴ˣɫָʲô
ǰͿ˺ܶԱڵϣЩԱѪᡣȴǵģֱӾͽĿһĿϡ
޲ûע⵽ֵĴڣɫķһΣԱͣںҽ˹ɰ˹ȴٳδּŭȴ޿κΡ
ޡ
ƿȺֱӴܵ˿޵ĸǰúõվԼǰοȻ鲢ûάֶãͷ˲Ծĵط
Ǿǿˣʵ׳󸹷򣬺Ȼһ߰׳˿ڣ˿ʱǳȴϵѪѪ˳ſ޵Ĵȷ䣬ŪȶѪ߰ߡ
֡ûп˹ĳ֣ȴ˰֣ʱ˲١һÿѹǣֵɫر㲣ˮþ͸һòҲ֪һûϢҪ⣬ȥһ㰲οů
ޣˣ
ָȥȴֺԼŪ
޺һǿһЦɫͫȫҸ֮ɫû£㲻ǻҽҾȾЩ˵ˡ
˵գ޾ͰŵǸԱƽȵһѾ̺õƤ档
ʱ򣬿ǣϵ˿ڡѪ̡һ¾øˡ
һַԱһֽѪĵطȴ߶ûкһֻ΢šһüͷǼ̵ģðĶ쿴ˡ
ޣҸֹѪ
æͳϵӣҪȥ
ȴӻ֣ɴϵľܾˣ֣޸ضˣȾ𣿡
һ䣬޻ﾹһ˿
ֲǲЩˣǣǿޡǸѾΪҪ˿ޣ


130˴

Ȼڿ޵У˻ԼҪҪȿޣע뱣֤û¡
һ˼붷󣬰ֲò˵ĿޣЩ֢Ա￪ʼơ
һ飬ֻ޸Ϸ˼Сˣ˵Щ˲ʹ˻ԡɴжϣ޸Ӧصˡ
̫󣬱˵ȽҽʩˣһССҲֽǷֱ治˵ֻҿѯһ˵ľԴƶϡ
޸߰˵޸޴ʱ˦˳ȥԴײһŴ棬Ȼһֱʲѡ
˵ײԴֵıһ¾ࡣ
Ϊϵͳ߼֣֧˵һԡ˶Ӿбȡܹѭֳ˶ࡣ
⣬԰ֵҽȲˡ
֣޸ôˣ
Աߣɫ𽥱ò԰ףϵѪûֹסһȴȫ޸ϡ
Ҳ֪޸ڻ˾ÿԺķӦ

سĬĵĿһŵ޸񣬱ýġ
Ҳ֪ôȥޣֻܻȥԼɯǰõҩ֭˳ÿι޸ҩԼæȥԱ˿ڡ
֪ÿްȻǾͱñ֤ȫû¡ȻľƢᶪ±˲ܡ
ڰæòɿʱ򣬰˹ź̵ĳ֡
үҲԾ˵ҩģϧжٻüֱ˾ġ׻˵Ȼ𣬿ȳİɢ֡
˹ôڲ޿ǻŭ𣬰ѹֵĶٵͰ˹
˹޵϶ʱһĨɫʲôȴһ
ޣүүʹжȻȽϳٻ˵ҲԽԽ߼ϲҪ졣ǵ죬Ϊ˾ɣ
ʵǹүү˹һЩֳҪԡЩԱǵѾںġ
Ȼû뵽ǣѾһվæˡҲΪĳ֣ʹүүûܵӲ˵ˡ


131ŭ

ֱҪˣȴֲұֵ̫ԣֻҸȥޡ
ȻһЦҿ޴ӲκһˣҷǳЩŪļһ˹ҳΪԱĹǲݺӵġȻûЩһȴδ˸ɽԣȴֵܷ˭Ҫʳ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
˹û˵ֻǲĶŵ棬ǸģƱһ¾ʹǲ̫ʵ¡
ΪȻ߰°ͣԶһ֪صģ
ЩԱүүûʸٸҿˡ
ҸΪʲôɣΪҾ㣬㡣ǲŻõĶó㡣һ죬㲻ôҾأҲٵõΣô
ĻûеͣŸ˰˹һĺ磬ܹ͸ȥ
˹ŵһ£æ֣ΡΡ˵ȥЩҪǵıݣɲҪǡ⻰˵ģ˵ġ
Ըҧҧֹĺһүү
⿨ʿĻû˵үүһջý
ȥ˹ԼŮȻһûУ˲ͼú
ѵÿһİ˹ˡӦʱĴ󲿷ԱѾðָúˡ
û߹ȥЩ˾ͳڰ˵ãѾƹˣȥ𴦿ɡ
ҵҲѾֹѪˣ˵ûʲô󰭡
ҽֺãһҲۡ
ǰǰᣬҲܹǡڰʱ򣬾°Ūˡ
һ˵֣޲ڣ֮ɫ
ֹѪҩȴûһ˿æƲЩѾܹԱͲ˵ˣЩδԱҲԸ֡
ǿˣҪڿ޵ϣŲԸ𽵹Щļһﴦ˿ء
Щۣ˵Ƶġ
£ȴԼ
ίҲطйԹ޵ĵΧתһȦҲûȥκˡƳҲʱ̲סƤ˹ȥ
˵Ǹô಻ɵ˴龹Ȼ֪濨ްҪ
޷ÿ֪жܸɣߣ˵ھˡ
ɣۼķһ㣬ȥ濨ް˿ڴãǲǻܸжʱһԼǸ޴ŮӸʺɡ


132ʻ

ʮãܿƹ˿޵ǰװһżģˣôû˷أ
²˵ãһ˵޾ӵĻ
Ͱ˹֪ÿԲ֮ҹǰ˻αǿܹʱҲֻһҹ޲ŻɽȥĺԱλûɱӴѶԸĴĹԴȡ޾
Թ޾ӻ˥ĹЧŮܳڷãɱഺϣǿҲ⡣
޾壬壬ԼԶӶϡ
õЩͬʱȻҲҪ޴Ĵۡ
ϾĹ޿ɲô׶Ըͣթһͷ޶Ҫѵţ֮ܽɱ
δջķᣬһͳɱͷޣͷ޵ȡ˳ɫϺõ޾
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νеñʧγɽĴ۱λԱˡ
Ϊߵ쵼ߣὫȡõ޾ԱţⲢζЩ˽
ҪŴ󲿷ݵ޾໻ȡƽСҪȥһʡ
ں֮ǰǻҪ޻䣬ҲҪһЩֻܷʡ
ǰһԼΣǲҪ޾޻ͱĶǻǼҪ
˵һɽˣûһ˽ġðΣջȡ޾޷Ϊ˶ܹõȥ
ȻÿʧǣðΣյĸȴûеõҽ˹Ůİӡ
ڴҶҪʱȴٳûг֡
ͦ治֪ү᲻ԱѪ
뵽޵ĺ˼㡣Ϊˣȴûм縺ԼְŮӶ硣
¿׳ڣֻġ
ĵɨһԼˣͽĿ˽İϡüһĨɫȴû˿¶ȵĳӦˣҵ˻˴ġ

һ˳ſ޵ĿͿ˰֡
ģ޾ȻԸ˿һֱѪȥҲҪ
жʱһʻ治֪ԼʲôΪڴҶƫ֣Լȴòһ⡣


133

ɱˣǰĴԡΪŮһ֣ҫ
治ģһ죬ðǸ˸۵ġ
ߣֽµҩͲͣЩ˿ڲմˮܳҪֻ࣬ҩ
¿ŰֽߵӣЩĵĶ˲ůůģ޲˿һֱãĻͿİˡ
ܸɣֳ޾ǻۡʿܺ£̫ˡ
ֽ㣬ˣȥʿɡ
ָո˵꣬ʹɯżѵ
æعͷǵʣôˣ
Ѿȥˡ

ʲôҲû˵תڵķȥ
ʱѾһȺΧڵУɫ԰׵˿ڵѪֱ
ʧѪŻݿˡ
ֹѪǲ⣬Ѫô࣬ˡ
˵ɰȴƵҪ
ˣγܺܵȥ
κһִ̫ˣҪȾȱȥԼ
бԹ꣬ɯ̰æ޷ֹѪҩԼﲻͣģȡůʧ
Ƭ̣޵ѪֹסˣҲƽ˲١
ŰﵣĵĻ֣۾
֡ǰüвɫĶԼ˵Ļҡ޳һЦ˵û¡
˵֮󣬿˹ȥ
ְһ䱿ͽ˰ѿ޸̧Լ
ȥ͸˿ߡ
ҲǸʱŷ֣޵ʵء˿ڲһһ˵˸ڵĶ
ֿǸʹܣֶڶǰͿôصҲûжһΣµǿޣͲ
š
û·룬޺ܿͱˣĺһ۾ڸ˿ڣͲԼ
ǰɣ㺰ֶЩܲ˵˵ֵĶЩ
ҡҡͷȴЦЦۡ


134չ˿

Ǽ٣Ͼֲǳÿġ˵ֻ밲οˡ
ҲĬĬϺ˿ڣּææȥҩ
ҩ֭˹ʱСȫˮͻҳմȾȥǵó󣬷رĿɰ뻬һϧĸо
޳ѵꡪһЦˡ
ûİһۣ˵ǲɵ㻹Цó
֣ھһֻСè˵
ȴ⣬ֻһĴߴٵҩˣЩҩܻܿ࣬һˣһҲʣ
һȥҩ룬һϸҲѣֻϸĹ۲쿨޵ΡɫȻܲ԰ףȴûǰôˡ
ãҺȡҼҩٿҲȡ
˵Ͷҩ롰ཹཡ˶ǡˬļʽǺҩ͸ȿɿڿһ
һ꣬һҲʣĩˣ޻ԼĴΧһ飬ЦĿŰʣ𣿡
֣ȥֵԴԴӰᡣ
ûлشȴĵͷ
ű𶯣ȥԵġ
ӦúܾûгԶˣԼŪʲôԱȽϺأ
֣ҲϢɡִûкúϢ˵æڣһһܲ۲Ź֡
ҲóԣЩϡ
־ǿ˵꣬תԵġ
뵽޵˿ڲŸոշϣӦҪһЩǷḻĺ͸ߵ׵ʳȾ뵽˷񵰡
֮Ϳ첽˵޵ǰϸĵιԡ
ȻˣӰθڣԵõǲ١ҪҲϣԼͲôˡ
緹ɯ̾ʹһǰ̽ޣѾûʲô֮ŷ뿪
ˣ˵˲ٺû޷Ǿϣܺúտǵ죬аʧ
ⲻֱ֪ǸΪ⿨޵İΣ
ֽ㣬ûҪҰæģ
ɯ̵һ̫Ӧһֱû뿪
ֳм˵ҿԵģ㲻ǻҪؼչ㰢ȥɣù
Ұûˣ˵ȫΪʿһ·϶չмӣǺܸл
Ǿͺá


135˽

ɯԥһֵֽ㣬Ұ˵ʿΪ˱˹ɵģ˹ոճ꣬Ҳǵһ濨ʿȥɱޣԾ鲻㡭
֪ˣǸǰѱ˵øҪ˵⻰ʱ൱Ρ
ֽ㣬ʿһֱôΰ˽ϣ㲻Ҫ
ɯ̾ð뿨޶֮϶Բʵ˵˳
ֿЦҡҡͷûйֻǾʱɵ˵һԼܺúðϧôȥϧˣ
ɯ޴ӷΪ˵òûдվڿʿҲûдġ
תֵۣڡ
ָԵģȥҩ
еŪ꣬Ѿ۵ŷ
ˣҲûдϢΪҪϸ۲쿨޽ַյȲʷӦ
޼۵˵ûƤƵģһͬԼµ֣˾˯ɡ
ִźǷͣҡͷУһ˯
Ϊʲô
ҵһϣһʲôԾǿɾ鷳ˡ
˵˵ȥΪԼĿһۣɳƳԵҵ˿Ѿˣ㲻ٵġһ˯ɡ
˵գҲܰͬͬ⣬ͰԵİŰֵСԹϣԼıϣˡ
뵽ˣҪȴʼղ
ޣǲеġգͫԼѹڿϣ˿ɲʡ
ȴһνܵ˵˵оУ˯ɡ
ֲֻ֪ա̾һǱϮΡ
۾˯˹ȥ
ֲ˯̫ϾһֱĲ¡
޼˯ˣ˯еǺ̤ʵüͷһֱýģҲʲôʱʱĲ
ʳָὫüƽڴͷǡ
ֱ׷Ľ˯״̬΢ǰһƣԼЩ
żȵĺԼǰ޾һִδйҸ
ûֽܺΪ£˯Ҳôİ
ԸܹһֱԾҪ뿪Լ


136ϲ

޸һѵñȽ硣
ֻ˯ԼĻʱ˯ú񾲣ţĽë䰲
֣һֻߵСè䣬ɶ
޾Ƭ̣ĵٴθҸС̲סͷȥ΢̵ĺ촽
Ȼû˵Ĵ˿ھͱǣˣһܵĵͺʱ˳
˯ƿƯˮ׹ǳһ㡣
ˣʹ΢ЦŬװһƵģ
﷭ޱȵ֣ԼĶͷ̽˿޵Ķͷ
ڷ˿ãûзա
޽Լĵ뽹۵ףһЦԺ⡣
ЦʲôָоЦܹ죬ĪһƤ
ȴ֣ڴǣһĿŰʣ֣Ժǲÿˣ㶼չң
ޣַɵǰɣʲôÿˣԺˣûķŰۣ˵һѲɻ˲ɡ
޿ЩķӦٴκ˲٣¾˵ĵطˬʵЦãҴӦ㣬Ժ󲻻Լˡ
˿ڻ𣿡
ۡ޻شúܸɴ࣬Ĳһ֪˾ϲǿҲ˵
ţȥҩ
һ¡
վȴǿӲĸ˻ȥ֣ʼûзſ

ּĿĶԼɫͻȻǰܲһ㲻Щʲô
˺һ漴һĶŰʣ֣Һϲ㡣ܸңϲ𣿡

ͻ⣬˲ðֵĴԵŵЩɺԵĴ࣬ȻԿʳû˿׼
֣˵ǲҲϲң
Ϊ뼱е֪ӦԽյø˼֡
ЩʹҪȴ̵Ĳá
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ȥ۾ֻܺͷƲһȴͨͨͣ
ֻ֣ȷѡ֪һֱܿ£Ϊ£ҲΪġ˵ϲңôԸ㣬ĸԸ޹˼ˣٽҲ١ûֻҪ˵ϲϸһӣҲǿ


137ϲ

һҪʱ𣿡ֿ챻ֱ׵ŪÇˣʵ˵ֵϲ޵ġҲ֮żǸӡΪİΣǵһ˯š
ϧһȴ͸ȻʳôֱǳԵ⡣
ţں֪⡣͸Һ𣿡
ˮֱԼĻشʧѹ
ֱŵŪԼҲܽΪ˻ǰĽӲգµ֪˴ֲһ⣬ô⣿
Ȼ⣬ΪҵһС˵ϲңôҺܿģҵҲָúܿ졣
𣿡
š
ϲ㣬ɣҲһˣҲӣʮͽĵĻ޼ε˵˳
˵֮󣬿סˣҲߵҸû˵ĵطʱжŤ
ǣô󣬶ҲûУ̹Ȼԡ
ʲô𰸺ܲ𣿡ֵѾɵĿޣµըëĴ󹫼޲ó嵽ڡ
Σ޲ŻعЦƿʣ֣˵𣿡
£
㲻ΪҿģҰɣ
ûк㣡ţǼ⣬ֻܺʵ档
޼˫ַдŲ˵һ飬ոû
ûˡ
ոǾ仰ѾĹ˰еһﾹȻ˵ûһ飬ִʱĶˡ
һ˵һӿѡ˭ǼһȴԼϴˣ籩һ˹ֱѹڵأʹöĿԣ
㡭㡭Ҫʲô
ڵϣ˷ֻܵȿߣҲѹֻƿȥЩûûˡ
֣ú죬ϲң˵ѡ
˵꣬ͷŶԸɵƤԴΪﵽһЧ
ֱúͷȭ򿪣ȴֺ˿ڣֻ˫۳ʵţٿԼ֡


138ʧ

㻹ڡ
ŭĻ˵һ룬޾ðԵĴסĺ
ҧ´֮ʣûͷ˽ȥ
޵Ĵ༫Ϊ־йԣڰֽҪʱѾĿסĺԣʹǼּӳ
̹׾ǼһΪһǸ֡
ŵڼνǣѾ׵׵ռðֺ޻ػء
ܿ죬˵촽ܽϣͷΪٽڶԷĳݷɵش̼ŶԷ˫鲻ԽҪ׷¼Ǳ²
ǵ֮ʱǱ˴˶ϵˡ·ǾһҩϢһС
櫡˰櫡
ĺڽڱ˴ϢеƮصʵС
ֺ˻ͻȻ룬æľŲöͷ°һʹһɲǣĽԼƿҲ˵ϵ˿Ͼոôң˵һˣϲҲ˵ġ
޸ԼҪѾʵ°ͣзĹ⣬һ󡱲ӿֵ㷭죬ոյ㲻Ҳ𣿡
ֺŭһ
⿨üͷû˵ȴһίӡ
櫡𣿡
ƺܼӡţӾͱ͵ƿˡ
æװµתҪ֪һڼ仹飬ǵöˡ
޿˻ǵķӦǺһЦƵָͣڱ
֪ڶ磬ͷݺݵĵһۣ˵ʲô˾ʹҴҼ˽
ĲֹһĸǵŮȴһ
Щ˲֪Լжôʱ򣬶ôĲˡֻ֪ڵպܹ֡
櫾ڿʿԱߣһϢδӣʲô޴šСģ˵ĸоܽš
һԵĿޣûаôǱҲܹ졣ĺĪ٣۾һŻһСģͿԽԼһ㡣
¶ȣҲࡣ


139ðʧ

ԲҲѣûǽҡ
ֿЩ˸ո滹ģһʸʹľӣǿʲôߣæƽ֡
ǲûķȥ룬æ˼ع档
ȵ¸ոѾˡ
£ԴǸ𣿡
ȵ˲٣һʱҲȷĸ£Բôѯʡ
վŵЩæĵͷԣ
Ǽ鰡ֻѲǾͷʹء
ǡԺʲôǵˡ
ǵˣѵʧˣ
һ˵ôɰɡôϷ绯һĻһֻڵӺС˵ϼ˻ǵһ
޵˲ʧʲôһ˵ʲôҲǲˣԼҲʶء
ֽ˵ģֻһصĻӦǵӦþʧˣҲ֪ʱԵĻԡ
ô죿
ڳ˶ˣһֱǵκ˵ĻֻܻԼֹ¶ͺܿ
֣ȥ°ɡ
Ҳ˸ղŵĲ
ֻͷһۣЩǵˡ
ûϵҵӦú˵޹׸һֿҰ˰ʾʾոжôͣжôǿ
һӾ̺תȥǸҪļһ
ʲôҲû˵͸Ǽһϵסĵط
ʱڷΧԼ˺ѡͼµļ䣬ͣĸ·ľԼйĹһС
һᣬŬȥ룬ȴȻоͷʹѣûһ͹ڵرͷܡӣж౯ҡ
ҼӣҲ֪ôˣЩ޴롣
ȻµļֵܣƲʱڸһЩйСʱһˣʱ
ּ൱ǰȥֹ
ǼҲںŴµҿÿˡ
櫡֣ԭڰǰЩһһóһ
µļҲʵʵվ˱ȥηĿҸҡ
ǲٴ̼ˣԽͻԽء
ֽȥͶµļһ٣ΪǸղŶʵ̫ðʧ


140ܴ̼

µļҲ֪Լˣ˶Էһۡ˵ֻ»ָ䣬û˺鰡ɻ󣬵Ҳûʳڡ
ּ±ͷڽһɢʹ࣬ΡΡģڳž޴ĥ
Щ̵ҧҧĸ׶ԴӰĳỽ£ҵģҪȥκ飬û˻ʲô
»̧ͷݵѶĿŰ֣ǸҪģ׾ٵñ˵ͬġ
ԣվ벻ͲҪ룬ͨͨ
ڰֵİУµ΢˲١ȻһԵĶھ˼׹ĳڶ֮УһʱҲȷĳڡ
ɨΧһۣĬĬ̾˿ǶȳȥɣҪ
հֵĻҲûκ飬ÿ˶Ծľ뿪ˡ
תۣھֻʣ£֣µļ硣
µ罫ӵϷûôųԺĸ°£ȡһϵеļ顣
櫣ҵܵôˣ
ǰо𣿡
µһŵĶŰ֣޲ڴŰܸһõĽ
Ҹ˶˽⣬Ӧûκ⣬Ϊͷܵײ­Ѫѹȼ࣬ʧˡ
µҲ˵Щҵֻʣ櫣ҵܵо𣿡
ײʧǿԻָģҪһʱ䡣Ҫ
ԭָܻͺáԶҲʶˡ
ǰҲ¡
ֿµ磬˵İɣûµġҵǼ䣬ûлָڼ䣬ǲҪȥ̼ҲҪȥʲôΪ
µЩʣǲǻ᳹׵İǶ
ԣֻʵ䷴к档
ô죿
ֵ˲伱תȴҲʵİ취
˵ǵ΢һЩ󣬾ʹȥȽϤȥĵطתתҪԼ˻һһոǱȥǡֻĪʹࡣ
εĻ޽޴ӷͷĵĿһпڽ﷢£˵Ҳֻܰհ˵İ취ȥˡ


141춯

ǰصظµ˵һЩԻѪٵĲҩʱȥҽ˹ȡá
ӵÿˣɽȥɸõĲҩҽ¡
ֻصͿ޵סѾˡ
ƿͿ⣬мλȽΧ
ЩƺںͿ̸ʲôҪ飬ɫء
߽ǺĬֹͣ̽֡Űò˵ס
ҲεĻӦһ£ͳ忨޴˸ƵǼȥҩ
á޽ס˰ֳ֣ߵЩȥɣ˵ȥУʲôǵ̸ҡ
Щ꿨޵ĻʶȤľ뿪ˡ
ԭأһʱЩͷԡ
޷һЦһֵֹֻ
þСƵġ
޷ܣ͸СϱŤŤ˹ȥ
ԼĴȣðȥ
ȴûô£ֻĿˣǲҪ
ûȣɡ
ڰֲԸ֮ʣѾǿˡ
æסļ磬˲Ͼ뷨
Σֻ̾˿ȥ
֣ȥôˣ
۾ͫ˰ʡ
ʧˣҪЩʱܺáҲûʲô󰭡
Ǿͺá꣬˿۵Ȼһɢǳ
ʲô𣿡СոЩǸʲôģ
ûʲôǼˣǰ̽һˡ赭ɨĻӦŰ֣ȴûиʵ顣
ɽ£Ŵγ㼣ġ
峤һǰѾǰһǩ˺ƽԼҴӦ֮ڲ̤ǵذ벽
ոЩһﶼǿָڹ߽翴صˡǸ߿ޣȻǵأȴû֮⡣ƺѰʲôʲôҲֻԼ֪
̵ȴǳ벻һϸ룬ѰҵĶп֡


142Ƹ

û֮⣬壬ʲôֵΥԼ󶯸ɸġ
ģϢصܣ֪أ
ĪǴʩȵǸ࣬͸¶Ϣ
ֲ˵ڻûʶ±ģȻˣôôֵ֪Ĵڣ
ŵÿʮͷʹôҲ벻ס
ֲֻ̫ǿ˵ôƬ棬ʲôҪԼԸ˵Ҳʡ
һ֮ͼҪ顣һʾǱ̬˿ϵٶ죬һʱ䣬־Ϳ޵˿ھȻ裬⻻ͨˣôҲҪһڡ
ֶԼ˿ݸһЦ֪һǺ
¾ͽֱ֣ԼĻЩʣ֣㻹𣿡
Ȼ밡ش𣬰ּû˿ԥ
ޱģһ٣ʣȥ𣿡
˸еĻ⣬̾һŵܻȥĻҿ϶Ҫȥġֻ
ֻʲô
ǾסȥŻ¶ѹı顣ⲻ֪ڿ޵УΪѹġ
ûʼŮӣС峤ΪԼԼ˺ͼ԰أ޾ԼͦЦģЦƾⲻһµദʱ䣬һֱߡ
һ̣ѾȻ֪˴ӦȴҪĵʳڡ˵ԼܸĶ
ԹԵįĿЦҲ̫Цʲô˵ֻҿҲزȥˡ
֣ڹҲ뿪𣿡޲ȥ۾ɥĴԴɲʱ˵
ǰȷǹֹްһֱССҲȥɺദԺҲ֪ԼĴҲ֪˿޵⡣ԣԺӲٹֿް㣬ı
ޣù֣˵Щ
ûʲô˵˻Ƚ϶ƸС
Цĵ׵ʧ䣬վԸѰʵԭ˽ֻ̫ˡԺûߣһȥ


143Ҫչ

úţȥҩҲͲ˵˵ˡ
ڰ߿һ˲䣬Ȼʧĺһ䡣
֡
ţ
ֻͷܾÿĪ䣬е᲻áϾûʲôʲô
һĭһ˫ͫʣһ֪ƭ㣬᲻һǺң
ҪɴСôʲôƭ𣿡
ֱɶԷƤһЦŲƽĴҪΪCһ㡣
İŲƮķϵûУֻʡ
ҲǣһʲôƭģƭǮûУƭɫȿȣҲĸԸ
һ仰۷æİͷ̧˼еİʣ֣˵ʲô
㣬ȥҩ
˵գ־СųĨӰȴӳڿ޵ԺôҲ֮ȥ
ո˵ƭɫĸԸġ⻰棿
磬չ꿨޺ҩЩԵġ
ȶ˳ԱԺ󣬰־ÿ޺úڼԼҪȥһˡ
˵Ҫߣͼˡ
֣ҪȥĶ
ҸɯԼˣҪȥɽϲժҩݡ
ȥ
ѹ֪Լжţ˵仰ʱǿġ
һ¾ͱˣգˮΣһÿЦõĸԣҲɽȥɸҩôӦ˵ҲҩֲΪԼ˵غί޺˼ͷˣԼҩҲΪ룬Լ
ҲǹҪƢֻǲȥɽҩһΣյ飬οڹʱʱӰһǿ˰֡ҪǸߵġ
֣Ҳǹ㡣ֻɽΣգΣգҲȥ
ֲǵһȥˣ˵ɯңҲµġ
Ҳȥ
Ϊʲô
޼ͷϴֱð֧֧˰˵ΪҪչˡ
ִ֪޻ô飬Ӻ𣿽զˣһеӣ΢Щ
ޣֻҪҶǲκġ
У˿ںۣѪ˵鲢ïԼ˿ڣʹı飬˲ð־ð˹ǷһСˡ


144Ѫ

װ˺òãѾˣôѪأ
ַŰۣһҲڵıݡ
ġ
˿ĿͬʱҲһϸܵĺ顣
ּм٣ɫ˹ȥϵƤ𡣶һƣȻֿû˵ѡ˿Ѫ
ô£ö˶˵զѪأ
һæϸ顣
ޣ˿ôѿˣֳԾţתִҴȥȡҩ
ʱ򣬿װһ޹˵Ҳ֪
֪ܲʲ죬˵Լôô
޵Ȼ˵Ϊ֮ĿľǲԸðɽȥ
ӦǸոպˮʱС˰ɡ
ɹǣǿ޺ܺ±ʶơһŸ˿ѪֹҲû׷ʡ
ޣͲʡ𣿡̾˿治֪ô˵ΪⷢչٶȣҪ쿨޾Ϳжˡڣ˿ĪĿѪǱȾǾͼֱˡ
֣ڶˣӦòٶ˰ɣ
ĿתĿȻԼѾôˡ
ѾɯԼ˰˵Ѿû̫õĲҩˡȥЩô죿
ӣȷʵ̫뿪һ뵽ҩݵ⣬Ծɺԥ
ɯȥɣҾˡ˵øɴϣ·Ͱһй滮һ㡣
ҡҡͷ˵ɯϲЩҩݣȥôУ
ûϵЩҩݵζɯ̣ǻ״һ񡣡

˼Ĳȥ
ɵɵҲ֪һ«ʲôҩ
ޱЩڣ͹Լ˿ڡӴӴĲҽУԴȡֵͬ顣
ûа취ֻЭˣǣôٸҡ
ģ
޼ð˹ȥ˰ýģֱϣȵ˫ۣ˿㲡̬


145¹ڣ

走־֪Լ϶ֱһ·ˡ
û취˭ץסһ㣬򡭡ÿġ
ļ죬޺˽ڼˣɽԡ
⣬Ҳû೤ʱͻָ
ڵʱ򣬹ļλϾҵ˿ޣ˵Ҫ̡
һʲ֪ԭΪγɽɱʱλ˵ˣҪȥɽǱѰߵʬǡ
գ׺쳣ѶԸȥɽѰ·˵ȥ֮˵ʬͽǻ޵ĸУھɽҲҵ
λҲͬ޵Ĺ۵㣬Щߵȴô롣޷߾ôȥˣܾӦµʲôĸǺεȿյܡ
ʧȥ˺Ͱ˵ʹ࣬ԼҲ޷뿪
һ죬Ҳô׵뿪Լ룬һƴȥһǰǾԨǻ𺣣Ҳܲȥ
뵽޶ʱóĬΪҲ֪ȥôЩߵļٶʣȻҲ޷ֲϵĴˡһʱ䣬ʮֵ
Լûܺúñˣûƽ˫˫ʧ۾޲øԼһİơ
վԱߵİһ۾Ϳ˿ʲô֪϶ڹԼ
ûֲʥˣκ鶼㵽
ɱΣյ£ԱͲˣܹ˼ô˵Σ
߹ȥ۵סһֻ֣˫͵Ŀ˵ޣȻ֪л޴ڵĵطΣգôͲԶΪȥǣԼмֵͲҪȥЩν顣ǵֻǵ˰װ
˵ûǺ
ƵƵͷΪ˵ĺе
˼Ƭֵ᲻ЩߣҪʲôǾ¹ڣߵܻصػЩǣǵߡ
¹ڣȻ̫װ˵ʲô
¹ڣϼһʿãԭ޷õߵ塣ʱǵ˾ͻǰҲһַʽ


146ů

ֶ¹ڣĶ壬ﶼû˵Ǳȴ⾪ϲ
뼸λ໥˸ɫ̶ʵǾΣ
Ǻǻ۵࣬ǳ
ԣҾȫ԰հ˵Щ޷һʬǵһ¹ڣһǶߵһӣҲԸŵһο
תĿ˰һۣ֣ص˾ã鷳λȥּ䣬ȥ˵ǵļˣһ¹ڣֹ꣬ðվٶ
ڿ޺İ£ǼλϵҲûκľȥִԼʹˡ
ָڿߣæﲻϣȣСʲôģԡ
Ҫǣߣ޵ůġָо˵ֱԡ
һȥǽ˼䡣Ҳڿ֮£Ȱ˵סЩҪɽðյļմӦΪһ¹ڣԴ
صңѾûɵġۿɫҪˣæÿһ֧ѡ
йԺ󣬰ּȥ
ûæһ죬ˡ
֣ȥЪţ
޼ˮưˮ߹ȥһѶĶͬʱĶһȥϢ
ȥЪɡһֱߣڿǽصģʲôҪΪͲ𣿡ؼǣ˲ŸոոԭԼҪҪˡ
޳ȻһЦ˵赭ɨûϵԣò
Ҳ˰ҲнƣʱôҪĸΪʲô
Ϊǵ죬ֻ뾡Լܰǡ֣֪ңһ죬ʧȥ㣬һǻҪʹ࣬ҪġԣͬǣŻ᲻ȥǡ
۾˵ޱֱף˭Ҳ޷ȥ
ԼĻһһôɵôϧԼ˵Щ󣬰־֪˵ʲôˡ
ŤĽŲг˸жС˵ĳһȥ˼ʲôأڲǺö˶˵𣿡
˵ֿҲĪЩʹ벻ᡣǰ뿪һҰԵֲ̡֪ɾʱദ֪Լ벻ˡΪڲ֪£ҰԵ⣬ϸһ档˵޻֪̣ԶǰİΣڵһλ


147

Ըôһ졣ζ˵仰תȡһĥúܷĹǵ׼ȥѸոպǼҵֻˣֺȡ
֪ϲ񵰣ԹץֻµǼţĿϣԵʵ񵰡
⼸쿨޶ûгȥԣΪ˵鱼һ죬ѾûֳɵʳȡҲֻɱ
ǰɣҪֻɱˣǻµء
ֳԾĿſ޵ľٶЩĿġ
ûϵȥ׽һѻ̫ͣҪǵһ
Լ԰ɣʵԲνΪͲʳǿޣǲ⣬ֱҪ
ǺǡЦЦҲ˵ֵĬˣڱһ
޲ûгʲôһıŰֳԡ
ʲôἦȣȫСҲʢһڵţȰֳ⣬ٰȵ
ֲÿޱƵÿȥûǲ
ޣҵ𣿡ҲԲˣͰѿιߵһƿ
ɲĵĵ˹ȥôܰ㵱ΪΪǵʳΪҪ̵ġ

ԣԡ񸹵⣬ûйͷڸкܺõġ
ԲˣԲˡޣͱΪвУּĵĶԿ˵ԵıƽࡣһﵱĶ޵׶
֣Ϊչң˺ܶࡣԵ㣬ôû
ԭˣǰ滹ΪɱΪԼء
һ죬СֹһǳԲһӵģҪҲҲ
ϸһҲ˵еһôԵأóڵС̫ļ˵㡭
ðɣˡ
޷ŹԺԼŰİʣµĴꡣ
ʰϵĹͷӣ޾Ϳ˲Ƥϳ䲻֪ʲôӿȥȴҲܴȡ
ߵǰԱߵλµ֣ڸأ
̫ˣ͵еܡ
Ŷ
޻û˵꣬죬ֱӾͽЩϵĴƸ˰ֵС档


148

һ󣬿޷ְֵĶӵȷĵñƽࡣʱֺ
С첻ʣЦʲô
룬ԺҪ̣ӻڻ󡣵ʱ㣬ʲô
һ˵һ߽ڰֶϵֿʼʵŲ
ḷ́Żһߵܰһ㡣
ۿҪǰķӯˣȴһѽѹ˻ȥͬʱľĵһۡ
޾֪ⷴӦʧЦЦַŻԭλá
֣һºòã
Ϊʲô
л㣬Ҫڣһ˸޷ܰЩ߼ġ¹ڣ˾ϵļСһУΪ㡣
ȵβǳһָмΡ
ֿӢӣ٣ĽͫһʱԿܡߵĵ˵ͷ
ȲüһǣǱٵգŲ㴽
εǲôԵУֻóˮǡ˱´ڰʱѸͷ̽ʹ˵ͷһڡ衢
ûã־ͱǵûһʹ
۾§סĲӣʹȫĻ
鲻Խķ˵
һѵģôһ֪Լ˿̵ľٶжôͶͱ
Ӧȴеĸܵˡ
§ϵ˫ԽĴҲԽԽһһʼ͵͵ĴϢ
ǲ֪˶ãķſ˱˴ˣʹڴڵĺ
ֻֻĴڿ޵ĻˮĿľһֻ˯ѵè䡣
һգҲգĶ˵ģؿڣʱһ嶯˫һ죬ͽݺѹ¡
Źֵ¡
ֱֵˣŷӦЩ
̧ͷ˿΢۾ԼŴĿģըëſ޵Ŵ󺰵쵰Ӧʲô
޿Ц̧̧ΣΪ뿴ܡ


149ᣨ

֣ģҲǿġһȣһĸԸˣٽ̺òã
ѵ˵ôִȵĻ滹ΪԼ
գգƤϸһûж̵ֵʮܣǡΪ˵һС
ɲʱ־Լƺ˽һ㡣
ոԼҲж飬ȴ¶ѿƵһȥѹûĸܣǸˣһѪ׳ˡ
Լ˯һ§ģЩ뷨Ͳˡ
ÿҪʱԼܾǧ֮⣬ƻһˣ͸ץ˰ɡ
ȻҲֻûаƢԣһֱǨ˳
ЩɬͣڸԼǲǿ¸һΣ
Ϊһһص˹ȥһһصĽԼơôǲǸΪһأ
ۣҲһأ
뷨ڰԺͱޱȵìԥ
һΪһδ󵨵ĳԣһߡֺ³ԵĽܳܵġ
Щҵ뷨зػ˺üΣ¶˾ġ
һеתҪ޵е뷨ʱȴǻȻѾ˯ˡ
ϣ΢ĺͳС٣г˰ȫС
ޣ˯ˣ
ֲ˼ĵɴ۾Ϊͣ˼붷Ȼãͷʹ˯
ǣȻһҪôûûΣôﻹҪΪ嵣ģ
ˣ˽ԺŲô
ûеõκλӦ£ֿ϶ҲȥȻͬԼһش顣
ǣ߷߲ƽָ˴޵ıǿףĪЩ˵Լ˻ɱңߣ
䣬ҲԹԵ˯ȥ
ڰ˯ԺͻȻ˽ɫͫ
ʵողû˯ţ˵˯˯
ֻ֮ǲκθ
һֱšüͷһţǸֵֻ̿رĲ̡
˵Լ»˺ʹ࣬ôԸԼҲȥ
ΪԿ޶ԣֻҸǿ־뵣ǡ
ֻףΪ˯Ժ˵Щʲô˼
ʲô˻᣿ָĻʲô᣿


150ȥ

磬ᵽһ˵ļ嵰ˡ
۾ѾŪõʳﶼϣԱ߻ڷһ̰ϲҰ
޼ѣЩˮϴժ˼ƬݸĿ
һŪԺͳĽֱǰޱĵ֣Գˡ
ҲӾѸٿ
ų嵰ң־ҲԲˡ
޿ʣµ嵰ü֣ôֳô㣿
緹̫ˣֻܳԵôࡣ
壿һ٣ʵ´ҸŪģʲô
Һ࣬ѾܾûгԵˡǣûס˵ֻ¶ϧı顣ͬʱޱȻǰܳԵĴ׷ԴԽطԺ󣬱˵ˣӶһ
ףǲֳʳ𣿡Ҳ֪˵ʳǲһ壬ΪϲףῪѻĵظ֡
ֵأΪǼرַ飬ԶԺʹ
࣬ȴԴִ˲ƣһļϲԸԼ
һϲæʣޣ˼ֳ׵Ķ𣿡ΪԶʱδûϵѧ˸֣г׷Ļˣ
޲Ϊʲôʳ⣬ŮӣӦ֪ЩΪ⻰ȴ㾪ȣ
ԣ඼ʳǸֳʳôһȥڵʱ޾ǶһһЩ
Ķ˵
뵽޾ǿǺòŻĶôԼһʱĿڸ֮װ˷ѣ¾ͰڰֵˣЩƴŪģɱȥʲôס
ƿ뷨֣ķڴһǵûϵЩ޾˲Ҫ֮⣬ıҪһʡԵĴףҲѲʲô
ôֵ֣Ҳ˵ʲôˡΪֻ֪ҪԼ˵ҪĶ˵˷һСС޾Ҫ޵Ҳаԥ
֣ң㻹ûʲôҪģһȥ
˼һҡͷûʲôҪġ


151˿

ʲô
һȥ뿴ĵطʲôӵģɲԣ֪Ӧò״ӦҪʱһֱС죬ҲԵüΪ¶
Ȼ˲ͱɫ
Σɿֵ֣ʵ֣ص𣿡֪ôһ죬һصȥġǰøҰķ£ȴ޷ݵǸġ
ֱɥʹģǰĿǺεȵ緢һǰȴĴޡ
ޣˣû˵Ҫֻȥ
ԣֻǶ棬ȥ
ֻǿ޲̫˵ĻΪһǰһõ̫ࡣﻹ˺ͼ԰ȥҲȻ
ֻȥޣҪңȻҿԶ췢ġ
𡭡Ѱڰеָק˻ȥԣ֪ġȻֶô˵ˣҲûвɡ
ޣ˼Ӧһȥʱǣ
޿ڴְϲӣһʱܹľֻܾεĵͷãҴȥ
Ү
𰸣ò
ڿ뿪ȥˣҲ֪һУǷеһá
֡
ţ
Ҵȥ嵫ҲҪӦһ
ʲôʵֻҪܴȥʲôԴӦġ
ģ˿𣿡ûûйҪҪֲֻ˷֡
˿ˣֲΣôܲ˿
룬һᴦֻҪӦҾС
ۣû⡣
ˬĴӦ˿ͷԴСһ˵ٶԵ㡭
ڶһ磬޾Ϊȥʱ׼ƨƨߵĸǼһʱıⲻȥ
֣ϡ
ֿſ޵Ƥ˲סˡ˵ȥŪô
㡭
㲻ǴӦˣ˿𣿴ûܿ㳤ʲôˡ


152羰

Ӧ˿޵ǲܸģԼǼƤֳִ󣬿ɰֻǺԥĴ
ûһȵξͱǼܲ͸硣ţֲ֪ͳһĤౡƤ֡
ɫ˵ķɫڰֵʱֻ¶۾ͿԺıӡģѴΪı䡣
һŪף¶ַĵӢЦݵˣ֣Ҿĸҳȥˡ
ľͺáҲԸӸֻҪÿԣԸⰴ˵ȥ졣
װԺ󣬿޾ʹŰһֻʮ͵ʨɽ
ʨҲǿްͬ壬ȫｻֻǼ㴵˼ڣǼһʹд˳Ȼ˳˵ϣ
ɽŻһʱֲ˼Сʱ
°ţԶߵöƽһ˵ٶȣѵִﵽĿĵء
һ·ϣǱΧɽˮ羰ԵòҪҪġ
δɹĴȻǲʴ䡢ɽˮ续ңԶڿգ̲졭ÿһ˼ɾ
޲ôһ·ķ羰ȤǸӣûмƵġ
ϲԼҲȥϡԣ̫ͣͣɽ˶˲ŵִĿĵء
ʱȥһҲˣֻôŰڸһɽסһҹ
ڶ죬޺Ͱһɣһʱڡ
ʱǲ󣬵˿ȴʮܼУࡣ
ֻҪ޾ҵϲκζ
ǰֵһοĵطȻҪȰһȽʱеöࡣ
಻֪ʯ߸ݣҲ֪֯£վߡڿÿһ㹻˦ֵġ
ֲ࿴СȴΪǿ塣ֻΪͷ⡣
֣ңҲȥȥǰһЩܿͻ
ļƵļݿ֪Ǽһ۾ΪָԼһʶݣǿɾ͵鷳
޿κε£ֻðԱСͤ
ֹɵĵͷ˵ãȥɣҾ㡣
ţסҲҪȥϾͻ
޻ǲģ̲ס䡣


153

ְֱٷ֮ٱ֤뿪ſĵˡ
ߺ󣬰ֵҲûܣڸơ
ΧæŽеĻҲû˭û˭
ףﾹȻۣ
ֻϲæһС̱˹ȥǺöӣˮӱһϵʳ
뻹ãһֿˮҪγˡ
ûǰԵЩһ۶ϡġ
ƴˣҿ쿴Ǳƴˡ
ȺУͻȻɧ˶ͣеĽףһ羴ĳǸбƵȥ
˴ŵɫ£һͷںīĳȫޱȺС
˳ʮڵӣ񺣵׵ĺ飬ĵİâ
û峤ơ
˵ǰЩʱˣԾһֱûʱǳֹѾȻ
ѡȼ衣
һЩ⣬Ϊǰȼ˵ʼȵĺҲǼŮʼȡ
ԣҪ֤ʼǷļӡ
Ǵ˵ʵһŪ
ۣۡ
˷ܵĽһˮĶֱơЩûлûʳģ̲ס̿ˮ
أڻƷԵСӿĪĳһŹֵģ˲Ľơ
ֲ̫Ըߣһײ˹·֮˵ϡ
˿Ҳûϵ˻ײԵĵǺڹҪˤڵأֱһѡ
ڴԷʱŷ֣ʵʵļһӹǻͦġ
˱֧£δվֱӡ
û˵ʲôǸػȴȱϹϾĿˣƴˡ
šüмֲõʣô£
ָŰ֣˵һﲻ֪Ǵģֲֹ˵ʮֿɡҸովһѣû뵽ô硣
˭ˣҾ뿴Щ۶ѡ
һƤ֣˵ʮֲ㣬Ҳǰö
ϸһֱ棬ǸŮ˵
ػڵ֪ŮԺ˲Ͳ˵ˡΪ壬Ů˵ĵλձȽϸߣǼ縺ŷܵΣһߣǲɶŮ˴СС


154ϴ

ֻΪԷǱԼƸסˣմմϲʱȴоͷȻһΪĿ⡣
ʶ̧ͷȴӭһ˫ҷźâ۾
˫۾õǸĿΣͦıӣ촽Ƭ΢΢һܹҡ
˿һվǰһ˵Сüŵף˿͸¡
ֶŶԷ˺һž㣿
˫һͷŵɨ˰һۡն˫С¹ϡ
˫Ӹˣӯӯˮ˿һۣЩŲ
ƸվЩƵʱȴǾ䡰㡱ٵ¶ɻ֮ɫʣʶң
ֲʶƣȴʵʵļƣҲȹ
ûںϴ裬Ӹߴ£ˮɯͬЭĽ𣬿Ѿ˰ɣ
û뵽ԼٴμˡȻʮֵ뾪ϲû߶Էʵ顣
ֻεЦЦʶϴˡ
𣿡˫ЦЦĿŰ֡
ƺεȵĴ׵ľû˵ʵֱһŶƤŮʲô
ֲ̫ӦԷࡰıӣЩԶʶ޿ŸڼϴǰȺ˲񿴵ǰļ
Ǹһ£лոշһѣԵټ
˵仰־ӱǱĶ㿪ˡϾ˵ֲ̫ˣٱһоԼᱻһ
Ʋ֪ԼʲôܶԷֻǶජһû¶ԼĿȻˣôںʲô
У۾úϤͺ񡭡һ㡣
ʵУѾֲˣֻÿӵһ̣ԼĻһ˵ĸо
޿ּ͵˹ַķƬ̡
˲üͷҳǰ֣ôˣ
µһۣشû̫û¡
ոոǸ˵ˣ
ҲСײ˼ңҲû顣


155Ϣ

ĬĬֲĵ￴һۡȴҲڳԼķ߽֯һ˲һʯǧˡ
ޣ
ֱ˲һ⻹ǵһΣڿ޵пǿҵսɱ⡣
ްľ벻˭Ϊ֮һ
ޣôˣ
û£ߣ
޲ٶ˵ֻһٵĵطȥ
ƵĿʼûջأԺвϻطŸոյĳ˫۾һǼģΪȴ벻
ʴ
ƴˡһԵʴ߹ηĿơ
ոλŮӣ
رƴˣǸŮϵϢ̫ģⱻڡʴҲֱ治ʲô塣
˭
һ쿨ͬ
ʱ̫˶Ŀ¶̡һǴ١
ƴǼһĨЦȴҲû˵ʲôͫӿŲܡ
޴ŰֺͣЪһֱǰߣҼֻҵĲðֶٵЩԲ
ޣ㵽ôˣ
Ǹ־;ÿޱú֡һӲ˵һء
ΪʲôֻΪԼ˵˼仰ԼҪ뿪ڳԴף
֡
ͣŵĿʱʧһ㡣
ǲʲô㲻˵飿
޹ֵĵˮ޵ıҲ˲١ЦЦûУֻ㻹ҪʲôŪԺǾͻȥ
ʧǵӣʲôҲҪھͻȥɡ
ֲÿٺ˼ȥֻǰƶڡ
Һܺã㲻õҡΧʲôϲĻҪģ
ҪĻǴۡҪֵƻظոյĵطһƻȥɣֻÿ޲ģֲģûˣҾеʣˮ
Ǻãǰпھȥˮ
š
ֿ޵㱻ԼˣȻ١
޴ˮֺ֮󣬶ڸһ
ǰĿ޾͸ͨûʲôϡŹֵĶ򡣵ȴ֪ҪЩͱÿ޺ƴõ޾һС
ԣͲҪЩ
Ҳÿ޻ЩȽʵʻõϵߣ˵ĵڱյĲñдõӺһЩȽϳĲ֡Щڿ˵ƺãϲͲа


156

˲ɹһбƷͰԭ·ء
ȥ·ϣûʼУԶ˵г̵Ҳӿࡣ
컹ûȫȥʱ򣬿޺ͰֱŶϬصԼסǼ
հѻж£ͼŻææ˽
ޣˣˡ
޺ͰһۣȻûӦסεͻ״
ʲô£޽ڼϵĴ׷ŵǰľ棬Է̫Щ׻
ȻžͰ췢˵һ飬ԭһ磬ֺͿ޲Ÿո뿪˾⵽Ϯʱ˶Żˣڸ¡
˳£׿Ȳ˵˵²ǿΪĵġ
ҡҡͷһص˵Ǽֻӥޣڿ˺ܾãץ˼ӣְܿǷſˡЩֻ˵СźͲˣû˼
գ΢΢滺һû˳¾ͺá
ޣ˵һ򶼺ܵǰһ壬ҲδǡһΣʲôĿģ
Ժɻ󣬿Ҳ΢΢šüͷҲ֪ԣײѪϲɱ¾Ϊȴδ֣
ڿ޺ͺͷԵ£˾ԼͬԱĬİ֡
ʲôϰߣҲ㲻̫
ôɵ㶵ţҲ˼
ǣ˼Ƭ̻صҹһӦǣڡǹǵĵ̣ץˣȴֲ˺ǣӦһ־ʾΪǺ£ɴǡ

ַ˼˻ǲ˵۾ȴǰɵø󼸷֡
ӵİڰֵֻҸ˵Ĳ룬Ҳ֪ԲԡǲطϣϾ涼ûмʲôҲôȡ
֣Ҿ˵ӦǶԵġͶȥ֮ɫ
ȴǺܿ϶岻Ϊ߹ô壬ôأ
Ǵǰڣǻһ𣿡
⡭˲ԣȷ˰櫵ĴڣǰһѾ˺ܴĸı䡣ѧΣѧľߣѧʳѧھҰȻҰʳġ


157

µһ£ǵͻͽĸı䣬ȥǺпಢС
Ȼ٤Ѿ壬»иľٶ֣ӽҲҪȥ
Ļ£ͳ
ֵǺܺ£ֻۿӦֲúùˡ
һչ˺ԼģҲСĲǡ
ɬһЦ˵ҲηǣΪѾгɡꡱԸе뾯衣Щʮµĺӿɾ鷳ˡӥرͶʮѸ١ǿ⽫ЩץУǺް㻹֮
ҲΪ·ЩԵǳɡꡱ˻ãϾзʶ׼ԵĶ׵ĺӣɾѰúܡ
ҿ뵽һ취
ֵһ仰ýǲѵĿ޺ͺͶȥ˲˼ľ֮ɫ
ֵĴǣڹؼʱ뵽һЩ뵽İ취ֻûϵô⡣ʵϲ־
֣ʲô취
ûֱ˵ָָ޹һƤڴ
취棬Ѷóǡ
ţ
޿ɲǵʲôԾ˵ķΪװĶһЩ޹ؽҪС
óѽ
ڰֵĴߴУ޲òˡ
ڴĶȫɢڵʱۼֿľͼǰѵʮĵ
ʮǵһͷſ鵯һ£СûУǵרſϷɵЩ
Ϳ޶ǵһμҲ֪ʲô;ôСжԸӥһ̣Ǳʾɡ
𣿸Ҽʯ
񣬿ȥ
ڿ޵ʹ£͵ЩСеĶʯ
һһܣȻΧŬ׼һBIUһ͵˳ȥ
ֻˡһ£ǰδͱʵʵĴʱѾ˺üꡣ
޺ͺԾ̾Ŵͣİ֣Ҳı¡
Σ
ûдǻѸȥϸһĺ˶ˡʱۣⶫͦģ


158

ǲ˵
ת鶯ˮ뵽Ϊ޽һ鷳Ǹˡ
֣˼ǣҪѵȥϮЩӥ𣿡
ûֻҪЩӥٸ۸Ǿǡ
ʹ᲻ܸӣ
ԥɫæһҲӣܼ򵥵ģ㿴
˵ţִӺһʯӶʾ޿
ʯӶBIUһȥӴϵ
𣿺ܼ򵥵ģֻҪ׼ĿȻƤСҪԼԡ
޽ӹֵݸСİָʾһ£˵ȷǳֺá
֣ҪҶһһ֪ôá
ϲİĵξ֪ǰԤѡ
Ҳģ˭֪ᷢ顣ûҪֻϾʱΪΧķʵ̫ˡѵȺ˵һǧҲа˰١ֻҪԼ̫ãһ¸ֻԲʲôѵ顣
ֻϧֻһѵܸЩÿһѣôǾԼٵǻܵӥϮ
üͷ﷢߹ȥֱϸϸ˵ûϵر򵥣ҿ԰쵽

޲죬¶ɫȸԾĿŰֻ֣̫ĺᣬһʶһ塣
ܲܰȥһЩYε込ܣһ˵һ߾ָȳY״
û⣬ھȥ
˵꣬æľͰհֵָʾȥˡ
޻ţ֪ʲôƺڵȴһ
ޣҪţƤ΢һ֣ܲŪ
ҪڿԴɽȥɱͷϬ
ԣҪעⰲȫ
û⣬ԸЩһǲҪʲô˼ġ
Ǻãڼ㡣
֮󣬰־Ⱥ򣬿ټ˼λ׳˸ԼһͬɽȥϬûĵطɱǡ
ڳ׺֮ǰʹʮY込ܻ


159ļ

ûãҲϻͷѾķϬڰƤԺ󣬿޾ôˣ򵥶ţ˰֡
һ־ʱ˸ĳΡ漴һȣ뿨޴ǰѵûʲôԺּж
ڶ죬־ֹ˶ʮѵʮĵ
޿ĥֱָͨ
֣Բ𣬶Ϊˡε§治Ը⿴ΪԼ˲͡
ûϵˣҲзݣ
֡޴Ų֣仰ֱκλ˶жֻ˵ǾʹѾ˵Լ˿
ֱ޶ò˼ܾ̫̫飬Щܲס
ˣЩȥɣôﶼĵ
š
ܿ죬ʮС͵ͱһһַÿܵвĺ
ͬʱ޻ʹã׼
͵ĺӱʹټ϶ԵСҲ˺Ȥԣûж೤ʱ䣬ǾѧʹáļһѾӦ֡
޼ޱοٶʱڣǲõЩӵİΣˡ
ɽ塭
ȻζķеĿӣǰڷŵķʢʳȴͬ
ε˫۾峺ųĹâ
˫۾Ѿã費˼룬ҹΪ˫۾˼֮
ģġһļ
Ϊȴ벻
һ˼޹֮󣬱ƺͳصСľ
ľϵŮӳƮƮһ˿ҵջ˵ԸС
ƳԵĶãĿɨȥ
ڶľǿնӵʱȻ̧°͡ϣ˲¶δеĿ˷ܡ

˴ȣ
磿
˴ڸڷݣɲʱĺУ˽쵽ڶδʳ̫ණ˴Ȳɵĵüͷ
ʴ˵һֵŮˣŮֻǲСײ˸ƣԴŮӲŨȤ
粻һﲢڵǸıŮˣ
˴ɻޱȣȴֲ֪˭
˴ȣҪȥһˣҿϦǼϼһ
磬Ҫȥģ
Ŀһɫᶨȥ쿨ޡ
磬Ǽһʲôֵȥģ
㲻֪˵ȥУ


160

磬ְѿ޾һĴһЩ࣬ͬʱ滹˺ü񵰡
ʳԺѸٰ̳ˮȴ
ȶȥһģָһܰİ
ޣ緹
õ棬ֵͼϵķ˳Ľ
ŵǹζؾİߵܵĻס֣ʲô
ôװ࣬ͦģϴϴǾͿɡ
á
ϴֻ־İ˸񵰸԰ɡ
ЦеĽ˹ȥһھͽ
ۣԲ𣿳㲻а
ҡȿȡʲôһͻȻǺסˡϾĵ̫ɣҭˡ
ȿࡣ
Ƿ˿ޣֵͼҲ᷸Լǰͦ뵣Уȴûгĺӡ
ޱҭܣæհֵָʾ˿ࡣ£ĺűͨ
ðɣ
ǳػ񣬿޾úůģЩĴţûˡ
㿴㻹ǹأҪҵĻÿ񵰸ˣȥĻѽ
Ľ֮ɵӰûûεЦôҵֻûءҵʹشһʱˡ
˵̣뵽ϣͿ޽֯һMǡ
ʱ˽Ѷ飬Ͳôһ㣬ǵĹϵ¾ȫһˡ
˵ЩʲôԷɡһǿԼȥ롣
֣ճְ׺Ķʳ𣿡
ֵͷ԰ôģر
޸ոպһڣⶫжãܹѵûʲôζǰŪЩʳɲԶˡ
ô㲻ϲּüͷҲ˵Ƕ಻̫ϲ
Ҳ֮˵֣ҾǳӦûһЩˮһ̫á
𣿿ܽҰ̫ϡЩ㲻¸ȥŪġ
ҲǣʳһʱĳԵùˮСࡣԼ׸ɷģǸɷֻѡࡣ
ã԰ɣԼܹܺԼ
˵ţ޾ŸոõֻȥˣҪЩСһ


161ֿɱ

֪ⷽԼУҲûֹԼʢССڵĺ
ԵȷЩֲÿ޻ԲӹŪһ۷ŵﻯģŴŴģҲͦ
緹󣬿ޱŰ˵ȵĻ
Ͼ⼸Ϊ飬һֱڽͷö״̬ͦ۵ġ
ϧȴϲЩ컬֮һĸڸһĵأԼ׼ѴһĲֳָ
һֵأ˲ͺмֹŹֵ֣Ǿ𣿡
ûаһ׿޵ıôࡣģ·ԼʲôѪƵġ
ȻûУΪʲôҪѧ֣һرֳ飬ÿ춼÷紵ɹôðȥЩ
ޣѧ˸֣ҲΪá
ΪҺãšüʾ⡣
밡ԲΪԼȥһ죬ϵķԽԽ٣µԽԽϡʱ˸ô죿

һ٣ƺû⡣
Ͼ濪ʼǵ˾ԲΪ̶ֹ˼άģʽֻֻ֪пԲܴδġ⼸ֵ꣬õԽԽ٣һͻոΣʱڣǴδ顣
Ƿ˵ϵǲ֪Ĳ׽ϡ٣
ޣ˵⿿ǲܳȥġԣǵĺô죿ҪͱҪҵµģʽģʽѾ緢֡ѧֲֹǻѡһԼʳãһΪ棬Ա˻ΪַδȻ׼ǲܳΪΨһǿߣΨһܹһֱȥ̭塣
ֻ̻ǲԵı죬ڸ֣ҵ˲ͨѧˣҲδػѧϰΪǴΪս
ֻ֪սʲôãһҲϣҲù⡣ʱ޷ȥˣֻܿ˵ʩԮǲǿֿɱġ


162еʱ

Щ˾þõĳ˼
ã̧ͷŰ֣Գ֣ҵһ죬ǲǻҿң
ޣ롣˵Щǿǣֻиȶ治֪ôͣûбϴЩʷǰ࣬ǵ˼άձȽϼ򵥹Ű壬Աͨġ˸ˡϣܹһƬģòҪ⡣
ŰּҪõ½˲ܹ֪ӦΪԼá
ǣɬһЦ֣ǰһ죬һСǶԼ˼Ҳûа˵ǵ֮ȥµ򡣡
֣һס޵ĸ첲ϸĳο֪ЩѾиٹ̣ҪγǼ׵顣ǿȥı䡣ֻҪһǶԴ޺ͲǼ̫ѵ顣ͺñȵҿʳʱǲҲһֱֿܵų񡭡ЧҲˡ
ĬĬףͷǰںŨܵķ˿г˵ûֻҪǶԴǿһԡ
ţҲ̫żһеʱ䡣
á
˵꣬˸ƣһð־ơ
ְڿ޽ʵŴĪðҸ
֣鶼ˣȥߡѹĵޡ
Ϊʲô
㲻ȥ濴羰һõĶԸ㡣
˵ֵ꣬ͷĴ
ֱǵò˼СֲĺˡЩųȥˣҾС
ѵ˵Ļ˲˷ܵûѪҺڡ
֣һСԼȵͫһĽвǻԭ
ϲעӣУֱףȫй¶еİ
ǣ־úܲ˼ܾһ룬Ŀ޺пܻὫԵ


163ʤ

֡
ɬĽ֣ĳλѾʼķӦ

ֱֲ۾ͷԺĻӦŶԷֻڵĿҪǣѳȦ
̧ͷ
ܳĳħ޷ܡ
ֲŸհ°̧𣬾͸оȺֱѩϸ񾱴
һֻйɵӻܹ
ޡޡ櫡㡭ǡ
Ĵ룬ö˲ýֱȻάǸԵĶȴҲûµ
Ҳסˣû뵽Լһ˲ÿһĻ
櫱۾ڿ޵Ļ񹷿йͷһҧ櫵ĲӣΪ¶ıǳܵģºΪΪԴء
ްתŰֵӣС׼ԼšΪ׺ߡ񿴵һĻֿ϶Ķ˰ɡ
ˣԼĳ˴ǹδһʱģȥҲ޿κΡ
ֳʲô𣿡
޿ôΪг˴¡ҪΪչֵĸܣѾ嵽ȥˡ
˵İΣʤһСǴҵĹǣһ£صһվ
޵ɫرѿ˫صơ
Ϊǿĺ£µ˿ĭһ˵ûУͰ櫣ǵʤˡ
ʤü
ޣ㲻֪ոľӥˡǻûʱ򣬾ͱǸˡ
ģҲ˲úߣֱӴӿ޻˷ܵ̽ͷ
ͣĵͷģЩӥ˳ڿзжʧȥƽ⣬ûս
˵Щǻ˺ܴá¶΢Ц˿ȥȻʣոǰҪˡ
Ҳ˿⸽͵ǰ櫳̫ʵˣлġǸոշһУʵʲôû
񲢾Ͳóѣټ˵þ͸ڶƵġ
ٴߵСֻ̣ܶݺݵĳſ޵ɡ
һÿԼܶΪ
֪أΪֺüˣæǸûĺߣҪ𣿡
񲻸һӦתæľˡ


164

λںɭֶɽ
ǰ׷ɱ壬ڹӲдĴӴ֮󣬱ѡ˴˵̾ᣬ躹ޣпһǿ
޴ʯУһֻıʵԼС
ǱӵͷСɫİߵ㣬ֻ۾ذ˽ȥɼˣɢĿ⡣
һ紵ƺʲô춯ǻͻȻ˶䣬һ
ʱųžġꡪһֻӥڿֱӸ£˫צڶǰһ˲䣬ͻһluoĽ׳ˡ
˸ԼףʮͻɫľҺɫ۾һıӺȺıԶԶȥ͹ű߳Ѫ
˽ʯһֻ̣ĻҲ˲û˵ģȶԷᣬȴԵ̬ʮ㡣
ȥʮӣųߵ޷ѩףϲ޸ڸѾᡣɫ͸һĨ롣

ӥα˵ǸԷĸǰʱɾصĶǻɵһ
û٤
ôˣ٤ĿԷͳǵѯš
ӥԴɫεʧˡ
ʧܣ٤İθ۲˼ĵɴü֡
ԣ޺ξȻ֮˲ûֵôˣüλͬ顣
٤Ŀһĵɨһ۶ԷԷĸ첲ȻദȾѪٵüɣˣ
ɵӥԼ˵ĵطһۣɫεǵģһˡ
˵ļһﲢ࣬ҲֻλѡǱˣ
٤׷ʣΨһľǸʵ顣
ǰĺӡ
ʲôЩ൱߹ͽzhongҲ˵㣿Ҫǣ٤ˡӡ֣Ϊάɵģǿûм˵
ɵʹ°ͣľɥεҴžӥպ÷еǵأЩõյʯϮЩʯӿƲȴӲޱȣС֮£Աˡ
ģ
ݲ̽ƺЭ

ûǽеĶרƳзáվڵ棬ֻһʯӶܻڿзеࡣ


165ʡ

٤ɵĻԺ󣬲ѱʮ𾪡
òɭɭ˵ǾȻֲҲܵˡߣû뵽̶ô͸һѶԸ
ʧؿ޻ӷ衣Ҫ̽ǵ¾͸ѡΪǰļһҲΣһۣŻ
ǰθӣǿȥǼ׵顣
ڸô죿
пηƶϣ˹ûУ
ηƶϣ˹ֱǰ٤ĴӺСӣҲδļ̳ߡԣ٤Ȩԡ
ηƶǰսĿ׵ԣһˣԼĶѨϣ˹
ôˣ˵£٤ıͱȥϣ˹̣Ҳ۰ĺӣһУ٤ġ
ϣ˹ճ꣬ΪѰҺʵĴԶԸŵĽװܳȥˡ
ȥˣ٤ŭţûϵСϣ˹ô󵨵뷨ȻΥܳɽѵͲ֪һн׽ϵ
һΪĴ̫٣Ҫ֤ѪǵĺܸΪǿϣ˹ǰ٤Լ׽Ĳ
СӦ֪
ӥѰҪ콫һ
ǣ
ǰж٤ˡ
ӣûһʡġ
һѪʤϲͬǿ߾Ӯݡ嶯¡
һĸףƫִ棬һ϶ͷţҲ
治֪Լ֮֮λôǵеһ
塣
緹Ŀޣ֯Լ׼ԡ
ϢôãʱóȥˡⰲݵһˣͻԽɢ
ɾڿ׼ʱ򣬿ɽŵͻȻˣԷʮصĸߵ˼䣬޵ıһ¾ͱýֽ䱸
£ԼסĵطһۣͰһǿļһԼŴȥԡ
ҴҵĸǸǰͨļһȥһ


166ǿ߶

𣬷Ϻĳϼĺ棬ѵĴͶǧĹâ𽥲ҫ۵Ʋʣ̫һˣѻһĺкɭɽ֮ϡ
վǸˣǸͬԵĮĿӭ
˿Ǳ˴˵ȴһƬ
վˣռ峤ƣ޾ͺЩ鷳Ƕ㲻
˵ɣҪҵĿʲô
֪˵ϲ䣬ϲͼֱӵĳԷɡ
ƴһ¶һĨЦ̸
ʲôߣСջǰһ̸ʵǽ˷˼
ܼ򵥣ϴųǸŮҼƲȷԷŮӣʲô壬ٿ˫ֳγʹһҲ˫۾ӵ۾ơӵĻôһҪõ
ɫһ䣬˫ĽճȭȴȻɵĻӦƣΪ峤ʲôŮûмΪλҰĴԣ
˼ǣǰˣüһ˿ʧŮˣȻҲôһ˫۾ⲢӦá
ȻأѵŮӻԸҵߣ
ҲǣӲԸͨ飬ż֣ҲǼΪ
忴ͺñȵ͵ȵūΪǵУһ˫Ȼ
ˣҲһ档šüϸֳһĨ֮ɫδԼԱŮȤ̫ԸʵȴסԼǿˡ
޲ȴޱ𾪡ƲһĴԼǰһ壬ȴҪ
Ƿ˵յһѾ˷ͬĵλ
ֵĿԼݣǷᷢһеԼߣ
Ǻǡ
Цʲô
Ц峤ƣȻҵİ£̫Цˡ
İ£˼ѾˣüͷĶһָоʲôĺǻŵĶ˲صĸ÷顣


167

ĹâһĨЦ齾˵ȻΪ죬һȻʮҪҵ֣ɴѡٸҵѴԡ㣬Լ˶ϲû뵽峤Ҳ˵ǸýأӦ÷ŭ
Ʊߵɨ˿һۣı˶ڿڵʵܹҿ⣿
Ȼǿ󣬵Ҳų֮ˮݵһ죬˭Ҳֵáʱ룬еҸ
û˵ͫȴüΪ
˵ûҪ巢ʹȻж
֮以ƺ⣬໹ռڵƽ⣬ֻΪԿһ
˼ɣ޲ٶԡתʤߵİ̬뿪
صԼסǼ񣬿޾Ϳɹ·ܰɾһпվͻɨϴһжŪģĪܰ
֡
ޱĺٿ̧ͷ
ôˣ㲻Ǹ˳ȥ𣿡
ֳԾſӣæߵ޵ĸǰ´ǲˣ
ûС޵һЦڰֵĹģоůޱȡҪһ죬뽫ߣһƴһаǻ
ûУΪʲôô磿
ɵգգۣ̫š
ΪҲûȥԡ
Ϊʲôûȥ
ȥһˡ
˭Ҫ˻Ůˣֿ֣Ҳý˵òȥŮ˰ɣôᶪ³ִ²ܣ
ôҵڳԴףٴЦˣǰ§ڻУĶ
ۣԭȥŮˣ˵꣬һ¾ͽƿĳޣĴܲû뵽ּ˼Ǩˡ
Ĵܲʲô˼
ȥ˼
ţСͨ졣˿̵ѹûԼ͸ԹһǿŮˡ
ȥ˭ӣ
ҲŲҪ㰮˭ȥ˭
޼ˣҲٶֱӹȥ˻УյĶϣֵͳ˵˭ûãҪҲֻ


168黰

޵黰˵ðֵ˿˿ģǺӦ
ת۹Ĩɫʣ˵㵽׸ʲôȥˣ
ûʲôò̫⣬Ҳᵲǰġ
ּ˵εĵһ֪ۡһʱʲôĻ˵óڣʱõϣҲδػ߳һ
ðɣпգǾͰȥǰǿĵظ˰ɡ
Ϊʲô΢΢̧°ֵͣЩ˼顣
ֻ˵ΪҪֲ˰ҰֻҾͰӷָˣôﶼһѧֵء

ôԸ⣿
ſأķƺ֪ʲôƶԼϴε飬ԾЩ²˾ġԸΪǼ׵¡ϾܣһٶĴУ˵
ûУҶֻǵԲΪĺࡣ
İɣҾֵСˣԵСˣ̫ҿġ
ãҴӦ㡣ͷ硣ֻҪϲһܵԺԼٳԣ߰һСջϲãҲᱻۻӡ
ţޣáЦĻӦԷÿ޻ûĴӦκ顣
ڿѻĵصʱ˸հѵϵҰݸι⣬ովһѵ顣ǾûũĳͷǸôأ
֪Ժ󣬾ʹȡһĥúܼĹǵµؾһһڡ
ּŪ鷳ַܣҪĳ嶯
ɿȴ⣬ˮţƵģһҲ֪ƣһϣ˰Ķصӡ
ֿڵƶĥˮݣ۶ʱЩɬ߹ȥסޣ۲۰
ۡȭͷװӡ
æóĺղǹĵ˵߻ؼңҸҩ
𣬾˵Ƥѣ¡ңҪʲô
ʲôˣֻҪˮ棬ٰȥžͲˡ
ңȥЩˮ
޲ֻӦתȥͰˮ
ϵˣֲĵĸ˹ȥ


169մˮ

ޣҪֵأʲôˣʲôѽ죬ͬʱҲЩСί
޿ϲģЦЦûϵЩ˶ˣ㸺ոС

ô˵Լʲô
Ƚˮ£ֲŽǿĿؼҩ
ĵˮݶƤ׵ճһ𣬰ֵ˵㿴ոսҩ㲻Ը⣬ڶضˡ
ȴЦһûûεԣܵСûʲôϵ˵ΪϲˣҾܽԺ
Ժء
úܣĵһۣЦеӳĽԼӰӣů
ÿһʱɵĺܿ£⣬ӲΪԼǰ㡣
ˣҪڶʮһ͵ִ֪ñ˿ӳʲô
ҵĻ첻Ҫκζˣ˿մˮ
УҶӦ㡣Ŵüڲסĵ⡣
ְһۣȥŪʳ
޼һ⣬һҪʯܻۣʱвסȥæ
ޣЪЩԼͿԡգգۣЩ˵˵
㰡˵ֳ꣬һЦ֪ƽϡ
ϻˡ
㲻˵մˮֲˮȻӰɡ
ǡ
֣㿴ˮˡ
޲⣬æָѾյ÷ڵʯԴתưֵע
ֿˣҲæŰкõ˿ŵȥһʱ䣬Ҳֻаѿ޵˸õһߡ
磬ֿ˼عϣֳһҰˣһ㹻˳ˡ
ʳԺ󣬿޿ԼܹѾúںģҪȥϴȴָ˻
ޣȥ
ϴ֣Ϻöҡ
㶼ˣ ǲˮ𣿡
һ˵ÿ޼ˡεЦЦЩ֪롣ΪֺܰɾֳԷֺ⣬ôأ
£첻ϴˡ˺ϴ
ǡ㲻𣿡ɵʡ
ֱסЦ࣬ǸĲץʳëϴ֣Ϊáӽ𣬳ÿÿӼУ֪𣿡
Ŷ
ǳĵͷΪÿӳԷʵڲϰߵġΪֻ֣ˡ


170ϲ

극޾ǣŰֵֵȥɢ
ַԼÿ⿨޶ЩĲɣ뵽߻֮ͺܲԾɣȴûм׷ʡ
Ƭ̣Լƺ̲סˣںڵ㷢ĿƵĶŰʣ֣ϲҵĶ԰ɣ
һôˣҪǲϲϣôĸԸĴߣ
֪ȴҪǲأǿҪѿ
ֲĳ˸ۣԷ˵䷴˭֪ȴżвɫ֣شҺ𣿡
ֱƵģŪЩģҲ֪˿ǳʲô裬·˳ش𣬾ͻĪ˺һ㡣
ǣϲ㡣ޣҰϲԣ𣿡С죬ϲ֣ȴŮĽ⡣
õ˶Էޱȿ϶Ļش𣬿һЦǶֵ˶
֣ǽº𣿣
Ϊʲô
ûӦˮ˲ɴ¡֣һʱ֪Դ
ǰҲû˵˵µ⣬һԸо˲ͬǰĿᵽǳ˿Ȼڵȴһ࣬Ȼǰʽжˡ
֣ȻϲңҲϲ㡣ǽ¾ӦõģûΪʲô
Ŷ
û˵ԼͶϣһϦദôã˵ǲһ飬Ǽֱݡ
ǴӦ𣿡޴Ųƽƺµ׷һ
ڰֵΪⱲӵκ鶼ҪҪ
ţ
ֺͷʵڿޡ˵ʱ˳ΪŮ˵׼
Ȼ뵽֮ܳߴ粻ϣҲ̫һһ仰˵氮ʤһ
ϣӦҲڶԶôõˣԸ޸ġ
ش𣬲˵Ҳ֪Ǹ˻ˡ
ͽ§ڻͣĶͷաʱҪȥıǼ⡣
ֱŪģҪȥȴʹʲôСȭȥģ
֣ڿϴӦҽˣҾɭȥӣȻнʽ
ﶼˣ㰲žͺˡ


171ʹ

ЦŻӦͬʱȴʮ󡣰⣬˵ȥһˣһֱôͻȻҪ£Īڱ֮ĹϵǶԷ˵Щ̼޵Ļ
벻̫ףһֱ¶Լڴʱ˿ֳ̱֮⣬ôȻǻ˵ޡ
Ȼ޳ΪޣھԸʵҪһҲͦҸһ飬ΨһµľǼһԿ̫ڡĳЩ桱Ծ¡
գ޺Ͱּµĺʹ塣
ɭֶλ߸һͬΪһѵĺӡ
Ϣ޲軶죬õЩ١
ǵ쿨ô¸ǿ׳ϻۣһİţҲǰˡ
һףУΨһǳ˷ŭ޵ġ
˱ҽ˹Ů
ڰû֮ǰһֱΪԼ뿨ΪĴԡŮ˳Ժ󣬲İĿޣүүЦ
ݸһǧ̣ǰǺεȵ˾أڡЩм˶΢Ŀ
ģҲߣȴûа취
ٴɱǸŮӣȻԼһУп޺˵շͶ
ʹǣ˶ڹؿֽµĺӵΪ˲˲ǰҲֻװһǿջЦӡ
֪жޣжôļʡ
֪ľ¶ǳǧ̤Ľأȥ
ֻſԾʹޣķй˷й˳ЦҲȥ˵۹⡣
ľգв˴ˡƽдŻڴ˳ûǱڴŵƬء
ҪգôҲΣյĵطڣҲֻд˵زΨһ֮
ء
Ҳ̲סеıʹ˲ɶͷޡ
ΪʲôΪʲôÿ˶Ҫô߹ĴԣΪʲôǶҪǸŮԻ


172ϣ˹ջ

޵ԵʱôҲû뵽һ˫۾ڰпá
ֵʱ򣬶ԷѾߡǹɷǱʿϢͱʮַ뾯衣
˭
ǰһͷɫͷüƬҶ⣬ȴʲôҲûдģȥӾͺһûůĹ⡣
ģ
ֵĺ仰תߣȴϣ˹ɿĵסȥ·
ʲôǶԡҶԷˣսָǾˡ⣬вԮҲӦ
Լȵһˣڿ׹ϣ˹ۣ͵һקʹΣգɹתƵһȫλá
ŵ͵ľһĶҪˡ
İԣǲ˺ġ
ɫɷ׵ؿڣһ˼Ķǰλʵô֪ҵ֣
ǹԣѾ
ͣôᡭ
ΣⲢҶ͡
ưӦĻС΢죬ԼȷܴҲ⡣ǰǸɶŮռеһУҲ䵽ز
ԣȻΪѾãҸովһķϣԸңΪλﱯ˵Ŀ𣿡
ŶԷѯʣЩ㶡ԷˣԼø˵
ĴԳΣյĵطʵڲӦãˣһ߽α
ǿɶŮӰ֣Һġ
ϣ˹ſÿգչûܿסԼԹ޺ʹ඼й˰ֵϡ
ѾܾûбĹˣҲûԸ֪ĵĿʹΪѡԵһԣɶԷĽԼһҲûʲôˡ
Ůӣϣ˹ɫһ˼˵Ůӣ
ǸŮ쿨ǰôҰġԴǹԺ֮ĹϵԻ˶ΨǴӡǸļϸҲΪʲô޻ôӡ


173

˵ѹĨᡣ
ϣ˹΢΢ȴɲɫѭѭգŮӾȻǰ˽ϣ⵹Ǹϡ档
Ҳ˵ǸϸǶҡ
ԣ˶㣬˵ѾȻˣβҲǣ
ԹĿϣ˹һ۵Ҳǣȥ
ϣ˹ЦЦ˽Լҽϣ˹٤СӡԸ⣬ҿҵ˽㡣
˵ģ
˼ĵɴ۾ֲǰһﲻһ㣬ԭСӡһӢӾϲԼɲʱ˵ÿҪǰĳƺͿսɢ
ԼĿϣ˹£ҲûҪȥϡʲôˡΪԶԶڰ塣
Ժϣ˹ĴԣҪعͷԸ֣Ǽֱһ練ơ
Ȼģô벻ңҵҲһǳӭ㡣
ϣ˹˦˦ɢڶǰĽɫտɫӾһ貵ʯĻм٣Ҳ˾ʵôԸ
ϣ˹ڿԴ𣿡
ϣ˹ڶٻǸʹĵطȥˡϾǰֺͿ޽µӣǺ˶Կĵģء
ϣ˹ҡҡͷڻС
Ϊʲô
øһʱȥҸ
Ҳû˵ԼϾǸŮӣóȻͱϣ˹ȥٻֻš
һ㸸׺˲Ͻô죿
ϣ˹ǰĸ˸ɵͷĿⶨ˵İɣһ˵ǡҲҪԼı֡
ϣ˹ԼæʣҪô֣
ȻѾˣǷԸһЩڰܣ
⡭
ϣ˹ȻһЦƯ۾ɵĿʣôҶҰ壬һҲϸҷǲûң
ûСֻǡ
Ǿ˵ɡ
ùǿŮӰֽµĴӣʱ


174Ķ

ĺɫ֮ϵİƱϦȾõ졣ǰ忨µĴӣ컹δڣǾľһǶΪϵ׼æſ⣬Աϴ񡣴ͣЪİŪŷʢ磬ϽԹҸõЦݡ
Ů٣ΪĺӶĬĬףĬĬ
ϼӳʱּ𱻵ȼһĨµϣаظΧм䡣貽ӯۡ⡢ָͣŰڶţʲΡ﷢ĸ䲻ȴҲܸܵǵף
޾վԶĵط˫ȵĶ·˵ӽһУȥ
𲻿ˣû˿ޣﻹбʿ
ҽ˹ԼŮͷβһŲ˵ı˷ֶ⵽֣ͳѡϴξΪǳ˲õ飬һǧɡ
񣬻ͷĵĿԼүүһۣߣİɣŲ˶õġ
˵ʲô
˹󾪣ֹ˵Էȴһĺ˳˵ǸŮϾͻбӦġ
㡭
˹ӷ̧Ҫѵ˭֪ȴһ̵ܿˡڴﶼܿĵΧŰ裬ע⵽֪ʲô
ȥĶ
˹ѾĴ·ǣæ׷ĽŲȥץ̫ܵ죬һգ۾ûӰ

һѾ졣ߵߣĶͷóԵϵҵá
ʲôѽҶǸ˺ģľúˣָͲǵ赸͸Ҳǳ𣬸ϹȻ
˭֪һﻹܿúãڷ
ҵĶá
⻰˵ȥˣߵĺ˺޵ĺЩŲӶ˶֣˶ڿء
ҵȻ֪ɭֶǽǵ⴫ݸԺǾİˡϣҹܺڵøһЩһӵ㡣
˵ӵУ˿ĭŰֵԽ䡣


175¹

˳ֵ׼Ů˵ĵһΣм˲ǵأ
ûԽ֮ǰ־֪Щͼ޵һУ֮ԺͿްϵڣ޷ǾΪ
ԸϣһᣬĻ£Ҫϵߡ
һܿڣɢΪԼֵĶʱ⣬Ѿȵ̫ˡ
ڡʱˡ
ɢȥֻʣһЩǵĻ㡣
ҲֵԸݸˣ£ӵֵʱ̡
ȲĽ𣬴Ҵһص˷¹
ޣܱܲ𼱣𣿡
ű޸շŵƤ̺ϣֿķӦЦȴЦһЩ顣
֡ã
̧ͷ۷ĶµǽΣġ
߿
ִȤİתһߣΪԼ˭֪ǼһȴԹԵԼ顣
㡭
÷
ͻȻƵģͰ͵Ķͣգ۵֡ǶˣΪʲô
ߵ죬ֻҧ´˵һ䡣
³ļһһҲ
޵ͷ˵۷ĶŰ֡
֡޶µס˶Էĺ촽
쵰


176ҩˮ

֣£һ㡭
ο
˿ԷİοæӿϲͣҲҪˣұȥɡ
޼ӣһסϸĿȻĿ֣Ⱳ϶Ψһ£ôȥұˣѵ˵㽫ߣ
ֱ̩ɽĹ̶ԭأԷǿʹ˷ֺΪѵҡҡͷ˵Ҳ˼ֻǡ
£ҡϻһصҩˮֻҪʹͻûµģİɣ㱣֤
ģŷŵĶ¿ƭˡ
ްĺ󱳣Žҩ˳
ʱͻȻ쳣ӳżлȴǺ
ϸ˵ŶУʲô˵顣
޵΢΢һ漴̽ͷ˱㶼ѻݰ˯˿궯Ӧóˡ
ȻƬʹһ߳ǹеΣҳһƬӦʲô鷢ˡ
ҲˣĻһ޵֣ȥסԷ֣ʹԼҵһ˿İȫС
һѸϣ£ҳȥ
˵ţԼҲһߡ
߳⣬ͿֶѪڵϣһƬǽ壬Ѿ֪ȥس̣ããһƬ
æ߹ȥֶϷüһĺʲôˣ
ͻȻǰϮɭѾǰȥӭս㲻ùңȥǡֶ˿ڣſ˵


177

Уôصˡ
ĲֶϵЩֳһֱһߵݽ̵ػҲУٲȻͳ˸װĴڡ
ޣȥɣչֶϡ
ִͷСδʣż˵СߣţǴҲὫһ˶¡
֣ͽˡ
š
ֻҽչֶϣǷĵġҲûκι˼ɣսϢΪ޵ĳսء
忿ĳɽòɿ
ԭְƵİ壬ȴ쿨޵ĵʹõŤת
Ӣ޵УʨצһԾһצ߷һˡ
ǿս֮ηƶΪ֮һսһ˰޵֣Ҳʵ˺ա
ޣģ
Щߣǲǵĵ̡
ʿǹĽ
˵ӵ뻶޵սԽǿˣʨצһ̧ͷ·пһеɽȶΪ֮
ڻӭԺ󣬶ʱ
ǵҪʵͲڴˣǿϣֻԾĹ
Ϊ׵ķԼ˳ˡνȻռ˱ˣҪ뽫һȫ𣬻ϣ˹ָС
Ͼսȫһֲ߻
ۼ˱ˣİ˽Ϊ֮˿ö˺ȫƾӲŵˣҲڴʱ׷׵¡
޻ΣԼһأѪӣʹļ׵ȭͷô£ΪͻȻϮǣԴ˹·Ϥ֪ǵķ
˶Ĭصǽʬ壬ֻĬĬİԼ˿ڣʧȥ˺˶
һ첲ɭ˹ɫҵĶſޣóԴҲ൱ãȻ
գ˲˶о˲
֪ʲô飬ΪͻͻȻϮΪǵļ԰һ־ͱ׵ءеһжżȻǵ޽µĴӣΪ֮ף˻ɷǰ֪ʱѡǰ
һ
ͻȻһ˲˵ע
Ⱥվ˳ɫ߷ߵĳ˵һǸŮӳǡ
΢΢һ¶벻˼ı
ȴһۣǼᶨҳ˱ܡ


178˭ڼ

Ůӳǣ˭ҧǸĵģۼһ㡣
ŮӣһܻẦǵġ޺ûݾ֣Լˣȥ˺֣϶˵ˡ
ޣ֪ϲǸŮӡˣˣڼ鲻ֻ˭أѵԼ𣿡
ΪǵĲ²Ƶõе˵Ͽɣﶼˢˢޣгʹ࣬ʣзŭ
˵һֱʰ֣Բ˵˵ǸϸΪʲôһֱڰǣΣ־˰Ϳ˺ô˵Ҳǻˡ
ɯʵȥЩˣòվָϸϸһ룬ҲĻеǰͿ˺˶Ｋֳ壬һʱҲû˷ֵ˭˵棬˭˵Ǽ١
֪ʱǳֵʱһвΪҲҪлϡ
ǾȹˣôˣǳһεġѵֻҪٷĴ󣿡

ޣǵ죬ϣʵΰϮǸŮйء
ҪǰȻǲ޶ײϣ˹ΪɽʲôҲˣ㱻˸ϳȥҲҵ֮
˵־Ͳ֣
ޱ磬ƾԼֱԿ϶־Բ¡ĵôԼΪһ㣬أ
ǿɶΪʲôͷҪҧ֣
л󣬳ȥֵһѵʱ˵ɭȴǰֹޣŭҲҪ˵Ȳ½ۡ
ԣȲ˵ЩǵûȥϾֶء
޵ͷѹ¡û˶ˣٰѾϡоֶֺϣŲµˣøϽȥ
ˣֿһۡ
˾飬һΪôһḶۡ
Դ˸£δôµˣȥϣ˹޷֤޻ʲôƺ


179Э

޴Լ˸ϻԭصʱ򣬾ֶֻһڵһϢ
ɭֵֶͬܣʮʹȥȴԼ˶Ϊ
ֶô˻𣿡
ֶϣأչ𣿡żĴܣԼס˸ⲻ˵ҲѲӰֲԤУԤĳ嶯
ҿûУ˵ûɡŮӾڼ顣˴ңȴ֪٣һ±ʣˡ
ûмҲͦԾģãûڣ鶼ͷϣš
Ŵˣ
ɭ̾һһƬҰôҲԼ̫ɱΣز
Ǹᰧ̾˫ͨþҪѪɯҲѹķޣµҲԸֽǼϸѾҲ˵ʡڣһоõ֤
ȿȡ˵
ֶϡ
˷ֶѾÿˣȴԴ˵ࡣ
Ǳץߵģȿȣڼ顣࡭ҡ
ΪոҪʹɱֵʱ򣬻һеĵĸǰ
ʲôǱץߵģ
ȼϣǱץߵģԸߵġжûдֲڼ顣ôĵչֶϣȻ˺ҵ¡
ֶصĵ˵ͷþ̶˵Ļ˹ȥ
վƺ˵ĶԶػɭ󾪵ޣҪ
Ҫȥһ
㲻ߣҪ

ǰޣ˴ô죿ջǵǵʳǻˡ
ޣչǸŮӡҲþͲ㡣
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չû뿪ϵ֣ϵβΪ
˿δʹԼݣҲΪݣ˼ɵȥˡ


180°

ֱһֻͿĽǮһ·ͣɭֵķӡ
ԷٶȲ죬Ҳ͡ɽ·߹հƣ߹һһأƺ˿ûиоƣ
ȴȻԲסۡһˡ
ûɶ³Ķˮ
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ٲľ񣬺ˮ峺ף
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ˮϴվӨΣ绨ѩͷںڵĳԺ̬ת֮ʣ޲ɷ
ϣ˹δ뵽ϻôĴԡ
ոڹ忴ĵһʱѾΪ֮ʱΨһ뷨ǣɴʧһµĻᣬҲҪȽС
һǾޣôھǾΪˡ
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ļϸ
ϣ˹ʼɣô޴Ҳܻô
ϴһԼͷͷͼͷֱֻĶ
֪ԻûΪ࣬Ҳû̫¡Ͼ޵嶼ֻǮҪһȦء
ҴҪʲô
Ա߱ˮϴɫ׵ĶʯһܷĻҪǴԷҪʲôҲкø
ϣ˹ľ뺦£ſڵϻó
һװ˼ߣͷƵĳʯһ۾Ǵͯ߳ӡǣһĨʤߵЦ⣬ʹ˿ȥԽҫۡ
ֻЩҰԵԭʼˣƺϲڱǰ¶ŪñѿԼȴǻȻ֪
ֲǿҪȥʲôֻǸ˵ĳط̫ۡ
ͷȥʲôȴֹˣЩһͲܣ˵


181ŭ

ϣ˹ߵǰ£ٴɨһۣɬͫҪĻ֮⡣
ֿǣ͵̧°ͣӭԼɫ˸ŹȰЦ⡣
ʲô֣
ѵͻңֲ̫ϲԷǸֺ̬ȣڻشʱҲ΢΢ͷüͷ
ɢڼߵںڳʹȥ޹Լмֳζ
ϣ˹вϵĶҲ
Ȼᡣò׵õһλôŮӣҴϢδκԽ¡˴÷ߣ
֪𰸻û˿⡣ɫĴϣ˹ѣķʣץҵʲôĿģвޣ
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װףݰݣ
Ҫ
ˣϣ˹εԼǸͦıӡֵСף
ֲǳ
ף

һʲôȡĶɶ֡²ַۣŰȥ
ϣ˹Ϊϲ֣Ӿ͸˵Ķա~~~~һ߰ҳ˴͸ŵȺĳᾪɣޱɫ
ףԺ͸һɽҪ뿨Ǽһˡ
ԵĻ߷ߵķ˵ҲŲҪߡ
Ϊʲô
Ѿǿ޵İˣҲٸκ˽µġ
˵ʲô
ϣ˹ɫһɫ¶еĲᡣ
û뵽ô죬ŵȭ˫ȭŲͬʱҲʶ࿡ĿɱҪΣյöࡣ
ٶ˵ֻҧ촽¡ԤԼټŭûɸոյıģһ˺롣
ֵǣϣ˹ȻŭҲû˵ɶǶΧһڣֻͨڵľӥһ̴ܴϸ£ֱֱĸǰ
֣˰Ƕ϶˼䣬Ǿַˡ
ַصԭء
ͬϴεֿտգǰﷺӰĺӡ


182ռ

ϣ˹ȡ£õȥϴһŵݵֵĸǰϲʳ֮ÿ١ǣһɽ
ֱܾ֮ʳתһ룬ԶҲԼһҵܵĻᣬȴûõ״̬ǵòʧ
Ȩ⣬ջǽӹϣ˹ȥʳҰһִңζ֭ĺɫ֭Һõ廨ĺ촽ʹȥԽˡ
ϣ˹ԱԵĿţʶĹźĪ˵Ҹ۸С
һΣϣ˹Լջ񲢷˹еĳڷͼҲռһѵսƷشǸһֱΪֵࡣǡǰŮ
궫ϣ˹ðСЪƬ̡ҲԸԸ⣬Ƶľͻصĵɽ
ϣ˹δ˴ʤ̣˰˲ٵʡҪ˵мֵĶɶǾ
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٤ʮֳ谮ԼСϣ˹ټ˴󹦣ԼĲɽĳſεӭ
ԶԶİ٤Ϳϣ˹ӰǿƲסĵļŬļޣģԺɽҾͽˡ
ϣ˹ƺڽӹɽûʲô̫ȤǽİԼǰ٤һ˵ףβҪκεĽֻͣϣܳΪҵİ¡
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ϣ˹ÿɷĵͷ°ֿ˿ŻСԣ
٤Ϊеף̲סජŰ˼ۡ
ĴԾȻôԼĶϣ˹Ҳᶯ֮İɡ
ηƶվԶԭǳмģڿһɲǣҲûŲۣƲסľ˹
ܵûɶøУСֻˣСͷһֲ֪ʲôƭȡ˰˵ڲ߻һ־͵Ϯ
ηƶŸҪ֮λⲻˬɵԺֲˬɢֻʣ´Ӱ;ŵס


183

ϣ˹ĵõģ
ηƶļֺ֮⣬ϣ˹ĳһ̰ۡĶŰ֣Ƥգġϣ˹Ц㲻ùܣӽԺֻһˡ
ռİԵһˮηƶͷϡ
΢˲٣ûôĶŰ֣ȴһɺ⡣
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ϣ˹ĸװ٤ֺ˼䣬ȲİѰִĶѨ
ȻŮѾԵע⣬ȴû˸зǷ֮롣ǣǲҪ
ηƶˣܴܵɲ졣
٤һԼĴӣ֪³çսֻҪʲôϲĶͻǿӲֶȥáԲܣΨҪѡ
ηƶʵĽջأû˵ʲôֻǺתˡ
ֱϣ˹ĶѨĿռ˵󲻴˵СҲСʮƽ׵ӣʰɾ
ϣ˹ǽȡɹɵƤ̵ĸɲϣɫĿ˵Ϣҵ뿪һ
ֶİеʮų⣬İϣ˹ҲᣬͶתһҲӦ
ˣûҵ֣ҽϣ˹
ʩһء
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׻ûӦһУԺӦˣһϲġ
ܽܿޣҲһܹԼ
ϣ˹ͨԺҲûǿʲôЦʮõ뿪ˡ
ĽŲԶ̲סҲ͵͵Ѩ档
ԴеˣֻҪлᣬ취Ծȡ
˿أҲ֪Ǹϣ˹ôͷİһš̫Լƶߣ
˳ǰĴɭסǰܣ͵ֵʱȴǰºȻû·ˡ
ô£
־ּæͷһܣû߼ٴθе
ǰһ޼ʵĺԼӾһȥֻ


184ʳ

ΪʲôԷôİڶˣΪΧļ··Ӳȥ
Թͷ۵Ķڵϲ֪ô졣
ͷֻѻĳɹ¡¸¡˾ûޱȡ
ףҪˣһȥ
ϣ˹ûа¶ȵشӰعͷ۷ĶԼȻΪεܶ
֪ԼѾû·ɻǾǿץһѿݻƵҶϣ˹ķ˹ȥһǿӲ˵Ҳȥǲҵļҡ
㲻ϲҿԴ㻻µĶѨϣ˹ǵûСƢĵĿ
Ҳϡֻȥҿޡ
ϣ˹Ǹ֮һ¾ͱĮ漴Ҳ˵ģ߹ȥͻԭĶѨ
϶ˣȥõԵ
ǰϣ˹ƵٴߡſдĿڣһֻѻų˶Ѩǰ˵Ҳ֪һԼġ
ϣ˹һߣͳֻͣڶĺѻ۵Сۡ룬ոϣ˹ôҵԼ϶Ҳһȥš
ѻú޹Ҳֻ¡ԣŲԸôĴǵòء
ϣ˹úܿ죬ֻհƤҰãһ·ߣһ·ڵѪ
ûų뷴еʣϲĸλ
Ȼüһɶ˼Ҫģ
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ǵԼձ޼񵽵ʱԼԵʳҲǰĶһˣֱӾͰѸհƤĶù
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ϣ˹ʵĵͷƺûоɶס
ǣ湻Ұ
ҳԲˡǰֽ飬԰ʳﶼӣοָɱġ
ϣ˹üͷһ壬ʲôЦˣסЩ
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ԼȥҲķϣҲȥƽϡ


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û˵ǿģȼ
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ܸʱɭһйأǳһˣȻϨʱͷҲûʣ¡
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ˣ㿴ŵúˡ

ЦЦֵңԼ
˵ϣ˹׵ʳչ˲ãʲôʸΪİ£ʱôޣһһԼߣ
˰ɣⳬѳԣҿ²˿ڡ
䣬ҲܶԷͬͬ⣬ľͽ˹Ȼڻĵطط
ϣ˹ĶڱϿԴõ͵͵ģǸӾ͸˴µĺһ㡣
˵ôԵİԼһ̣ȴǾͦ
˶û˵ʲôķе⣬˲žը⣬Ҳʣȼչĵ
⿾òʱϣ˹ʹͳһĥ÷ĹǵϾǸտõģٻһЩ̡ϣ˹Ȳ̰ⶼгƬ״
ִӻͳӰ˵ĨһηۣζһЩ
ֿ̺˫ָ䣬ɶҲû˵ĬĬһƬ
ζ˵жãֻ˵ǿܳԡ
ھ͸ɰͰ͵ģԵܼˡ
ƫƫʱϣ˹ܼеʣô
ѳԡҲͻش


186

ԷʧĴʣʲô
ˣٺõʳûйŪζһ
ϣ˹ˣԽʳʱ򣬶ʳȷŵջ˵ʮ鷳˴ûԹ֪Ҫô
ˣҺۣ˯
־øëѪļһ˵ͨԾʹźǷ̵ĸɲݵĵط¡
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ϣ˹۾ĵҪҿ԰Ū
ŶȻأ
ڿԽ¡
ɶ
ŵӶ˶ɫ׵һξ롣Ȼһ˷ޱȵģɲʱëˡ
ΪζһԼץҪpeiҪ¡
£Ҳȿ޲ҽǲڵġ
ȷϣ˹ǳ໹뿨޶Աȣ൱˸иһῡһ˧ءиģû֮ǰôһ϶ôãһϲòˡ˿ԺĻװ±ˣ
ҪҲϢˣȥ羰
ϾͿˣ಻Ժ󿴲𣿡
ǿʶ˵ҿ𣿡
ϣ˹޴ӷɫЩį㡣
΢΢˿Ϊһַֻߡ
Ҳɰֻǵװһζӡ
ϣ˹Ϊûɶÿģ϶֡࿴ߵСԡ
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㣬㲻ǻ㣬Ҳʳ㡣һڴϵĶ㡣
ϣ˹˲ͰζģⱲҲŵȰϸԵζˡ


187

ϣһʵΡ
ȥһֵĵطһƬѩףлƬƬë¡ëϣģʪʪġ
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۾һŷŴĿգߡǱɫͫףǹҡҷһƬ嫵ĺ
ŵøæӸɲһֵĴܣԼͷ˿Լϵ·ãûʲô쳣֮һӦûж´һôԺ˯š
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ҪˮҴϴʲôԸ˵
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Ŀ˿ϣ˹ɬԼĴǣ᲻ɡ
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СԵĮ̬ȣϣ˹ʧġ
ô˵Ƿǳ΢һ
ϣ˹СһŵڽСģʱֹͣһ㡣
ûһ£òײŵõֵԣô׵ľأ
£̣õԵϲЩͨͨû
~~~~~~~
˵ĺٵ쳹Ѩ
ŵֽŷתͷԵĶϣ˹˵ͷǷӵķ裬ë߰
ףģһġ


188Ļζ

ʲôһһˣ粻иΣ
㹻ˣҪô
ϣ˹İۣǽŵʣʲôʲôҶӦ㡣
ϣ˹Ȼβ˵һˣһǳҩãĲŻ
ΪСԵĽʲôԡ
˵ģֲ˼̧ͷĵһĨƯ
棬ƺЧˡ
ϣ˹͵ĵͷֻҪ㲻ȥҿޣʲôӦ㡣

ҧҧ˵һﵹֱӾͰһ¸ˡ
ҾͲң࣬ܰ쵽𣿡
ࣿǺʳϣ˹ûԥ͵ͷҿȥŪ
ԲˣҪǳܺãȻܾ
Ҫȥ档
û⡣
һϲлᵽȥˣζܵĻʻٱѨǿ
磬ϣ˹ΪðܿЩԵϲֱ࣬ӥ޷ɵʱǵĸ˲ٵʳ
֪ļһҰרᣬҪĶ˻ʹùֶ⣬ͱ
ϵǣļһﲻһֱ޾޻ԼһЩܹʹõõĶ𣿵׺Ǹʲô
ҳɶҲûдߡ
ʳߣĪҪĻζ԰һܸĻأǲ̫
ʱǵļʵĥ͸ЩһĶ㱨ǵ峤ơ֪峤ǻۣܲܲµǵͼ
ȻҲûŪ׶Է뷨ʱһũƷĳгҲҪǿء
һ̤룬ؽɱۡ
ףˣԡ
ϣ˹˽Ժ󣬾ͻϲһڰֵǰǳϣӣ·͸ûС
ֿһѰ׻Ĵף˲úܳԾ
⣬Էôô̵ʱŪЩġ
㲻𣿡ϣ˹Сɻ󣬱Ƶĳѯʡ
ֱֲӳԣй𣿡
У
˵ԺҹΪ׼һڴ˵ֳҪϣ˹æ˰˽
챾ûʳֶһϣʵȵˬڡҲûϣ˹ٶϻ׵ˮͿʼ


189ȹ

ϣ˹Ա߿࣬˵Ը鷳ǣֻҪץƤͿʼС
ాãַû룬Ҩ֪ô졣ֻһڹһ߲ͣ̾
ϣ˹ʣСԣʲô𣿡
ֶŹԣֻ̣ҧҧ촽ĸͲ˵
ϣ˹һ̵ĻȻ壬϶ǲһ
࣬ҷô
⻰ǰϣ˹סˣЩƣ̬Сʱã
ҪߣּҡæȴĲһ䡣
˭֪ϣ˹﷢⣬ֱӷСӦһŸı䡣Ͳţܸ˿һΪʲôͲܸһ

ˣȳɡ
һС־ͳһ롣
ϣ˹ױûŶ٣඼ˮ档СȴԲ꣬۵ʣͳ㣿
ֲҲΪǳԵĶ٣ҿȥûɶӪ

ֵӦһͲ̫óԣôһЩҲͲˡ
㻹ɶ
ˣҳȥ߰ɡ
ϣ˹ϲʣȥĶʵҲԳȥתתԴȥ͸໥о
ĵ̣ȥģҾȥġ
á
ˣȥǰɲԴʲôҿ̫ϰߡô˼Ұ˻֪ڵҪλ壬ѹûжܵĹȫ˶壬˭ܻ䡣ð־Լ˶֪ԼˣǶҪӳȥֻΪ˿ޣǲ뱻Ұļһͬһʮ꣬治ԼǸɶӡ
ϣ˹룬СԶʼˣǲ˵ӦҲеϲԼ
һ¡
ϣ˹ȸԾ뿪һٻʱ°ͶһҶȹ
Ҷպùסؼλȥ̻ҲĽ𷢣ֵϣ˹һ־߳ʱģءҰԣǶȶ
Сԣô
պϡҶģ׾ͱơܹ˵ʤޡ岻ٸеŤС


190ˮ

˶Ѩϣ˹ŰִһСҰʯСһֱɽ߷ȥɽıԵشɽ·᫣ǳѡ
ϣ˹СԵЩԲͽǰߡ
Сĺᣬ͸һƬҶƵģûаĸо
ɣԼߡ
ֲӦţΪʹ˫ֲ֪ķš
סأ§Ĳӣ
ֲǿޡԼô׵ľͶһ飬Ҳ˵ԵḡҪǣһᡣ
ûϵܴ󡣡
ϣ˹ŻСһЦΪڵԼ
֪һ㶼ܰԵ϶ͷţҲȻ뱧ŰɣԼպÿʡЩ
ϣ˹֪˶ãһɽͣ
ʱﶼҪ˯ˣѵʱãȻޱȵˮԺʣˣ
ϣ˹ǿɰ˵ģЦŵ˵ͷȻķŵϡ
վܴԼĵطļžʡԶٲбˮƾϷӡ
вٴСɽȪȪˮ뵣վУ˼ɾ
Ը̾Ȼʱϣ˹ȴһȪۿһ֪ףˮˮȵģԼðݣڸշﲻõϣ˹˵Եر档ҲΪˣȲҪСԷһС
Ȼϣ˹̫׽Ҳ֪ẦԼԣûжͰ˵ȥˡ
Ȫ
ϣ˹ʲôСȪ۾ʣף˵ˮǲǺܺ棿
棬ֻ뵽ȥһء
ǰִϲľȪˡ
ʱݵĶ˹ȪִȻģδݹ
ﲻˮҲǴ覣Ҫѹ·һݣǺε
ֳֹ
ϣ˹ԴС°ǵһμĵЦˮ֮أЦÿһ˫κâŪ⵴Сɵ΢΢𣬺촽ǳţƺʱ޿̶һ׷ϣ˹񾭱ǣֻ¸Ȼһȡ
ɲǼʧǣؾͰС԰˵һѹ


191Ȫ

ͻľٶ˰һæ־ŵĽƿ̫Сδܺ

յĳ˳һҪʲô衣
ڶЦ

ǲѾͬҪҽˣ
꣬ԼǿȪˮһ£û뵽һô⣬ֲûιȥ
̫ˣҶԺܶ˶ЦǲǶҪҽ£
ϣ˹Цһգɫ˲ý
ĵĴӰŲʧĶŲԺЦ
ôκһԿ˶ᡣ
ֺòӳħצҲ⡣˵ŤļһԺԼıҲҪԤɶûС˿̣˼˿ޡֻߣԼܿǵԼ
ȴ棬Ҫܣȥһٻ
𣿡
ϣ˹ɫҡҡͷУһΣô죿
ģҾϴ衣
ϴ裿
ϣ˹ٴηȣĲȹûĹĵø߸ߣһǿŲסӣȥʮֵĲڡ
һϹ룬æԴǵĶ㲻˵ĻӦþͻõÿЩ
ģ
ϣ˹˵Ĳãɫɶ˲١
æĵͷ֤ģˮĿʻ͸ƤٽѪҺѭ³´лһЩơ
ϣ˹ö˵ʲôʲʵģͷϸ˿ȪˮӦòСвӦá
䣬ϣ˹ֲĵͳһֻĴָСǹڣϣΣմʱֹ㡣
ֿƯıʯ۾ԥĽڽӹӵĩиĥСףСױһƤţÿԽ׹ԼĲϡ
ǸҪûдɲ
ֵ͵ǰܣǲַ˽
ϣ˹ĵһ־ʹߴߡ
Ϊͺ޲ȪϴԼϵˡ
ϣ˹鲻ԸĽߣѰһɭï֮һ¾ǽ⿪ԼϵĲȹĿˣСԼֱҪ


192·

һ˻ϣ˹ڽڵͨͨй˳
ϴϵճ֮ֽѵĲȹϡ
֪ϴûУȥȴֵĻ
Ѿѹ·ȫˮУɲʱȵĴаϵÿһ缡ʹòгˬȻǼͨˮܱȵġ
۾ͷʯϣˮϣƮȥĸо̫ա
һݣӦаСʱҡֱֵĺˮϵÿһë𽥸еЩ֧ӱϢȪʵҪﵽвЧԴٽ³´лʹƤá
˰ȴһ൱ε⣬Ǿ·ôˣ
ѩ׵˫أļңȴûҵ
԰·ոզͻȻûˣ
󲻽ʱϣ˹ȴ˳Ĵǰַ˹
ϴ𣿡
ߵ㵽һʯȥ

ϣ˹û·ӣŵ˵
ϣ˹ȴܲ˵ļߣСĺոϣ͵͵Сϴȫ̡
ԭСԲƯĺƤҲࡣ
ôС˫ȴǳƽ̹Сѩ׸߷壬ϣ˹ûס
ϣ˹ΪĴô࣬ǼһҲûһͷá
ףôˣ
ϣ˹ߵǰҪٿһ۸ոûпķ羰˭֪δСתʯͷˡ
εüͷȴû׷ȥ
·ˡӵĻӦ
ǾͲֱӻȥɡ˵
Уˣôܲ·
ջĺϣ˹ԼĲʵû±Щͬһ֪߳񣬲֪׳Ķ
ϣ˹СȳһҺ𣿡
Ҫ·ոͷǿʯͷϵģûˣΪʲôͲˣ
Ǳˡ
ϣ˹ӣЩĻӦ
ʲô磿˵ǲ͵͵ҵ·

һʣϣ˹סˡ
ûֵ·ߵġΪִԵ̫̫ˣʵڲôԺǲ㰭µƤţûȤζ


193·

͵ߵĶԲԣĴʯͷһ̽ͷֱַߣʪͷ˳ĴԺϵˮģһֻձ˴ˮС¹ȿɰֿ
ϣ˹ƭüͷӦ˵ûߵġ
ּʣȥˣ
ϣ˹һָָܹȥңϣ˹ֵȥ˺ˡ

ͷð̣ˮϣ˹ʲôԳ·ʲô
ףġ
Ҵʲô
ϣ˹ıԼŭˣο˵ģҲġ
˭ѽ
ҵҲ⡣
ôܽòãץϣ˹Ķˡ֪һǹģҪ⣬
ô죿
أҲܣ·ҲҪ˼ҿӡء
˵žĵĿԴһԺҲûйίĸоһž۸ȴ޻֮ÿйҲİ취
ŰѹһһŵΣϣ˹һӾæޣҸ취òã·ԺҲ㡣
Ļѽֲ˵ԺʲôãھҪ·ôˣҲŲҪӳȥˡ
ϣ˹Լһ£һޱȺڵ顣
֪ŪͲ͵·뵽·ϻſ޵ζ̲סİ˺˸顣
ɣȸߣа취Ӳ˿⡣ȻȥˣһŪһģһƤȹ㡣
Ȼٰ㲻ԸҲòϣ˹˵ȥ
ܲھȥץһͷҰɱȻƤëʹϰɣѪ֮нļȲҪˡ
ʮӹ󡭡
ֱϣ˹һ̶˳ʲô·Ҳûվڵȴоޱȳܡ
νİ취
ֻԵĶ˶ֱۣһϡ͡ա˵ϡ
ϣ˹СԻ¾ֻʣǰ׵ģ˲̲סЩЦҪǼݣĻᱻڵŵ
ͨ죬֫ϸ˫һһֻëĺ
㻹Ц


194ѱ

ϣ˹æս˵еһֺ࣬ʳãͿĨҲԷֹϵĶҧ
أ
ͿĨʱԷֹ߹⣬Ҳû˻ϳ˭
ֺǺǵЦһ治֪ÿǣһ׳ա
ˣȻûбĸõİ취
ڵԼ·۸ոյȪˮˡòԼôһʱ⣬ȴҪʼ
ȥʱ򣬰Ϊϣ˹һ·϶û˵һ仰
ϣ˹ں֣СԵ˿ޣһԼֽ׵Ժģ֪ҪѶ
٣ϣ˹þò
ֵƹ£԰ļԭֵץϺ˿̿ϣ˹ִԱ·æȥк
׳Ĵԣ߲ϣ˹һˡΪǽ׵ԭʵϣ˹м񣬶䣬۾ҲɫġֻΪһԣ׳ʵڿţϵëҲʢ˺աϸĳЩеŮ°ֻѷֱŮ
ͬŮĽˣ˸һܱǴ۵ģ
Ϊɶϲ㱼·ˣΪ·ѹûܷǵԱ
һ£ˡ
ϣ˹Ǽ̵˵Ҫ뿪
ճ겻ãʱԼż⡣ǰԼϣ˹£ֱ˻ˡ˭֪˵ϣ˹ȥʱһŮӻҪ¡òᣬҪϣ˹ʸⲻûȥԼˡ
ǸҪǿĸԣͽϣ˹
ϣ˹㲻ߣлҪ㡣
ϣ˹˿һİ֣һգ۾Լ߿ӵ˵ɡ
ʲôʱҽ£ô˵ҲܻӭĴ֮һѪͳҲǳϣ˹᲻ϲԼ
£ӴȻְԿ°־ͰѲϳȥ
˿ͲŮ̩ɽϣ˹յ֪۸Լ
£ôܡϣ˹Ҳûҡͷǲµġ
Ϊʲô


195

Ů̩ɽȥܷŭֱϵŶͷ¡ˣ⼡⣬ŵִȥײǽ
ϣ˹һۣƽĻӦΪѾѡеİˡ
ʵŮӣ
û
Ķٴ˫ȭǸҧгݵģ·춼˺һ
ŵæˣգ۾ƵƵϣ˹ʾ⣬ҪԼ˻ˮ
һлˣϣ˹ƵģǰìͷָԼ

߷߲ƽĶŰȫһ±飬ͿͣøְСЦŮӣ
ϣ˹ûлӦĬϡ
ǣϣ˹۹⣿ҪҰȴҪһһŮˣ
˵ʮĲ˲ȣȫѹʤ
ɣȫҶɡַǳķ̣ǿϾ£ԣͲܶϣ˹ģϣ˹ŹԼ
׺ֻһ⡣ϣ˹üͷͣ˵ڮֵٰĻ
ά֣ԽĲʲôõģװԼܸȣǿһкü̡
Լ˵һĲֵ̲ס˻ֲֻΪޡ
ķͷǼͬ˵ԵξǷܣ˵Բԣ
ͷͬʱ֣Ǹûõߡ
ֲ磬ߵϣ˹ĵĶ˵ԼϵͿҪɹˡ
ϣ˹ٲ뿪ʹ䣬Ҫ߹⣿
ָ֪ϣ˹˵ʲôϣɫЩãΪڽԼ
תԼǼͬ˵䣬ǱΧһȦѰְУǰģȻǲԸ뿪
ϣ˹ֵ֣ǰһĺ
ЩȻĻϣ˹֪ɽϣ˹Ƣòǵġ
¼ôĻĻҷͰ·˳
ϣ˹ŰͷҲؾˣ׷ںּ


196ٴϮ

صѨּϵͶҪˣֱϣ˹ȥҴġҲ˵ڲˣⶴ²ô󣬲·϶ð
ϣ˹˲ЩѣΪ۴ۣûд·ϰߡһʱȥҴģ
ǰŵЩҲΪʱ
ڿôϣ˹ⰵ˸
ĶȥһҪĶ
ϣ˹˵գζĿһۣŴӰֵǰʧ
ȻҪģôͰõĸ
ЩƤȹòʣֲڵĻĥƤ
뿪ԼѨӣϣ˹ҲİֻܡΪ֪ߵСû·һڶԹԵȥ
ΣٶټɽսļȺӥޣȮޣĺ塣
һ·ϣֱ
ҹ
һ
峤ڴѾʱȴȻû˯⡣
˫Ķеľ˼Ʈص˿޴ֵʱǵһ졣
ļǵãǸŮ˵㡱ֵʱ򣬿Ƕôľ벻˼顣ָоδѣȻĳĳٴطꡣ
һϵԼģֻΪĳֹ˼ɶûгϡ
ƱˣǶֻ֮ȥϤС
׵ǣΪʲôǿ޵İ¡ûа˵Ϣôܻ˽£
ǿ޵İ£ôΪεʱҪôأȫֻ¶һ˫۾
ƫƫ˫˫۾һ¡
֮һʲôɸ˵ܡ
쿨˵£Լ϶
еԻһ̽⿪֮󣬱ƼŭޱȵĴӴ
ȺɶİˣȻƭЩҪṩһЩճ治ȥˡ
һȺū֪жҲգаС˼
ڱƺ޲ھȥο޺ʱȴ⴫ܵ˴Ȼޱȵ
磬²á
ƽһԼƿţɫĶ˴ȵʲô£
ǰһִϮʱǣΪǰ٤Сϣ˹սǷǵ˸Ƕ֡


197

ǣüͷһâ
ֲļһ̫ûгһ٣ٶĲ
һ֮ڣΣǹȻԼѾ͵޷ĵزˣ
Ϧϵ¥ȥ
磬أ
Цһɢź˵ĺ⣺ϴЩڿóôˡ
˴ȶ±Ҳǳڴͷձ˵ȥˡ
ʱߣű幥һͿ޸˭ϵͬһ֮࣬ѻήΡ
ﰲӵ࣬ʹҰ̡һﲻԸļһ֪ѪȵֶӶ˵ĵ̺ʡ
ǰǳִôûЩһء
ȻЩֻ˼롣
˿ɲãΪԼǺ㹻ǿǿ˶ηͷӣҪʲôκȥֻƾԼʵȥ˵
~~~~
ڿеӥµϣ˹㱨ش
ǣдǸô
ɱεϣ˹һһСצ£ŵɪɪԼģϣ˹¶Ⱥĳ࣬һЦȻצһҧĲӣһ˺ϵ·
ˣô·дСŮӦùСԴܾˡ
ϣ˹մѪצ˻ȥնԱ˵źţʱкȻһӥ޺ȮûüߣͬʱڵС
ıʹǷֲΣֻ֪צƴ˺ҧǶʵڽʵһʱ᲻˺Ҳҧơ
ϣ˹֫һתȥˣȴ峤Ƴ֡
񣬸ֳּ˷ӿޣеͬչһɱ
~~~
~~~~
ʹİʱǡ
ʱ࣬˲߰˼£ǿԼµ壬ͷ˵˲նɱϣ˹ĴԱ
~~~~
ܷеӢµǰ濪·ʾ뿪
ϣ˹˿ѾһϢӥޣļֱҪѪǡǰѾüޡΪʵƤëٺҲ͵ֵķ
Уֻ·һ뿪ΪǱ


198ŭ

ɽѨ
һƬǽ壬ͬĻľҲŭܵǣ
İ٤ѾܾûˣǵϴΪϣ˹ηƶİȥһҲûü
ˣ˭ôʵļƻȥ͵ϮࣿС˼թƻôױշҲ㶫ءϣ˹̫ΪˣӥΪçײȫû
٤òᣬָСϣ˹ƿڴ᲻˵СӰ䣬һأĴʵ̫
ףԼĻԸ⸺Ρ
ϣ˹ҲΪԼĳ嶯ӥ޵ı硣Ϊ˰ףûкڡֻҪҪģ˵˵¸ԼҲν
ηƶԱЦ˵ԴΪĵܵܣ˴ʹø׷ŭİҲ顣
Ժû˸׵ĳ谮˵ķ֣ʲôԼ
˵ɣͷôǿ󣬾ƾһ֮ƽϢǵŭ𡣡
٤䣬ηƶ͸ԱͼӴ׵ûΪĹȻƣѾвὫǵٲ֮ء
ηƶסڡֻ֪˶µļһûаӣһò
㡭ηƶܹĵܵܣҪǲѪԵϵڣ޲ɱ
ϣ˹ηƶ˵ûдѾͬʱ˿޺ͱƣǲŹǵġ
ףսʿӢָ£û¹κˡƺͿ޶ˣҲ¡
ϣ˹Ǵηģð٤֮Աǵĺһұǵ֮һഴȴĶĳìܹ״̴ǵƤ壬ЩǿͿȡʤġ

٤Ļϣ˹ʱĬ
ûۼǵĺǿκһСཫУ˲Ͳ
ҲЩӥ޺Ȯ޲ŻôǱİ
ԼҪкıӻҲûôӳ
ϣ˹Ǹ鷳˶ãͻǰһǸ֮ء
Ǻò׵ƬůϹ˼ӣηƶǲ뿪


199ܲ˵ս

ϣ˹˿Ҳʶԣ˶ϰƬҪصǰĵطȻǲϰߡ
Ƭ֮أѩɽϡȱѰ˲ԲӣµҲ
ҪǣҪǰ׸Լȥһס
뵽׻ϣ˹͸ѹ˿ʯͷĳأæת˰٤ϣףһٻȥ
٤ĶԶһɫݵϣ˹ǸŮ߰ɡ
Уϣ˹Ҳҡͷܾһ͸һҪ͵Ҫ
ΪѾ´ҲܵǣѵҪȥ٤һʹļ׵ĿСӣԸĿġ
ףΪʲôѡеİ£ΪʲôҪϣ˹ɫ͸Ųۡ
ΪҪƽϢⳡսϣܰ׳ƣῴŮӵķϣһ
ǿǰһʾԼľĵܣҾҲύ׵ġ
ϣ˹̫˽ˣѵΪԼҪ᣿ηƶɲô󣬻ûҹءôװˣ治㡣
ףǸս޿ɱ⣬ҪսΪʲôڣ
ɵӣҪ濪սǶġ
Ҳ£Ҳύס
䣬ϣ˹ͺʲôҲ˵ĻԼסĶѨ׻ڶû·ĵ˿Ӧúܽɡ
ηƶĿɿڴĿԶӰŰ٤ʮֲףҪϣ˹
٤̾һǵԻҰˣܶѾġϣ˹˵սǱ޿İɡ
ס
ηƶ֪һĲĵܵܡǡҪŸ׵ľϡһЩ飬ɸá
㻹Ҫƫϣ˹ϴ˴󹦣δµĻԵֹΪϣ˹Ϊø׶ʧ׿صȻηƶܣȴҲ޿κΡ
ηƶȻȥһú롣


200

ϣ˹ĶѨ˺ܾãΪûдģҲȥֻܰѳڶڵϲ
ϣ˹Ϳɫëëһڸɲݶϣһ˫ˮ۾Ͱ͵ĶĳطɢͷԵȽ
ףһˡʹž޴Σѣڿһ˲䣬еķ뵣Ƕӭɢ
˵ĳ̽̽ͷϵٲ̫ǳо촭ˡ
ôȥôãԹüǸίСģϣ˹ĶҪˡ
ԲȾˡ
·أ
أ㿴ϲļ
䣬ϣ˹Ͱһϰ·ĵ˰ֵǰ
С֣ѡѡȻ·ôѪ
ŻСԣϣ˹æο˵£ȥϴϴͺˡ
Щ·ģ
ֱ֣߰Щ·Щ
Ȼϣ˹ûĶ˵Ǵġ
ģ
ûֻҪϲĶҿͨκֶΰõ

ϲ𣿡ϣ˹ɵ˫ǰ§ڻͷҪʱȴ͵ƿˡ
ΪʲôҪȥǲǻˣ
ߵĶϣ˹һʲô˼Ҷֱ׳ϲϲΪԼҲ̲ˡΪⱲǣΪֺһˣȥ˺һ˵ˣοһȺˡ
ϣ˹ûϵֻķӦŨŨķŭϵļ͵սԭῡ˲ÿޱȡ
㡭㡭ʲô
ŵˣץסʲôȴһƬ䣬˼ӲʯɶҲûС
ϣ˹ǲ׵СĺԽԿơ
ҪôСԲŻϲ
ΪѾΪУأȴǶ
ʲôſңſ
ֱϣ˹һܣȴԷݺѹ˵ĸɲϡ
˫۷ĶγצָһǲϵɼΡ
ûٵıѩ׵ϣ˹ǰһš
ѩ׵ļϸ廬۵þҪγˮ˫壬޲ƴȫȥࡣ


201ǿ

ʹſҡ
ֱϣ˹ǰⶼΣǼһﰴѹûأҪظȥ÷ֲֻͣȥͷͷ
ϣ˹ȫʧȥңƾСôҲᡣ
⡭ѵԼҪͷӵͷ
ŵòҼ룬ֻƾܵļн˫ȣϣ˹óѡ
ҪŪֵ˫ȣϣ˹˵ֻ׾١˵СԣɳƵɤ˵ԣҵİףԣһᱣһӡ
ҲҪ£㣬ҪҺòã
ŵ׹䣬˫ֽԼأʹģϣ˹һ
ҲǿСԣǡûа취
Ҫ׵ռСӡûˡߣԼҲԶռһϯ֮ء
Ͼǵһµˣ˭Ҳȡλá
ף򡭡
ܵòʹϣ˹ûȥģԵΨһ롣
ƫɲɵǣʱڽ
ϣ˹ϣ˹
ĸһôʱ
ϣ˹ᣬ
ΪСԵԣûʲôҪ
ϣ˹𣿡
ءˣҪ
ϣ˹ǿϣѾðǿ˼£ʱ򻹱˴Ķ֪Ҫôȥˡ
СԵĿԼ֮˵ĽŲϣ˹òǿԼǡ
ӰΪ洳˿ѩ覵ͰԼϰµϡ
ͷɸպþͳˡ
ĿڰֵܾϣƳϣ˹ѾӿһĨĽ֮
ϣ˹ǺøҵһôŮӵ£࿴һ۶ûлᣬȴԺСԳϦദ
ɣ㿴ûУ
ϣ˹ĵס˿ɵߣԼ˶ôСԣֺοǰһ
εջĿ⣬ϣ˹ĲãΪкǿռ˵ϣ˹һĴôĲһ㡣
˵ɣʲô¡
ɱֱ˵ģڼԺ־Щףϣ˹ֹ˼䡣
ϣ˹ղͷİڰ˵˳ֻͬһῴ
ǡ


202ֺ

ߺϣ˹Ҳûٶ֡
嶯Ҳֻôһ˲СڸɲݶɪɪǸѰģһֻûзọ̃ĸĸС
ϣ˹̾˿۵˵·ϣҲ㡣

ߡ
ɴϢжʱջޱȡ
Լϣ˹ôæ᲻ϼ
ΪԼַˣ͵ð˶ķգѵһҲ⣿
϶û˵ҲţҪԼȥ
۾ݺݵ˵ɿɣҪǰϣ˹סĶѨ
뵽ϣ˹СڶȣովĴеˡȥǻϽ͡
ǰ㲻ȥ
Ϊʲô°ͣʵֺҪΪϣ˹ɹϮ˰壬û˶õսƷǰһѵøж
Ϊϣ˹ںæ͡
˵ϣ˹һҵġҰôæڳԵηۣõߣΪң
Ժȴ൱ıġ
˼˵أԼˣڼ飬ܺƤóйҪġ
ߣȻΪ˹ףΣΪϣ˹Ҳͬ𣿡
ǾͶˣҼȻɳ룬Ϊʲô㲻ȥϣ˹
Ҳȥϣ˹Ը㡣
㡭
òᣬӲУġ
һҪϣ˹УԴϮ˰壬Ҳû¶档ЩӣһֱڵԼǡһģһ㡣
ʵڱﲻסˣŹԳ
˭ϵûţǰϬţ˰졣
ǸҼϣ˹òãһмģԺҲˣ˵ܸΪأ
һ˵һŤԲγ忨ɽĵգۡ޶ԣ˿һ£ʹĵĹǰκһ϶áһأƫƫĶ㿪
ûãϣ˹˵˲ͲУϣ˹ҸܻϲġҲ˵ϣ˹ߵĴԱһ򱶣ûǸСڣϣ˹ҲܻʱؾͳԼ˵ĴԸȤ
˼ƶã
˲ζҪը޲ָſɵıŭˣһﲻԼĵ̣һŭԷû˸ô죿
д˹˼ɣڶĻҲйˡ


203ج

壬ĳƾɵС
֡֡
Ҫ£֡㣬֡
󣬿޼˺ѷε
۾ȻĿһۣɲڡһΣûһǺõġ
ޣôˣ
ɯ̣һˮɫǵĿǵ쿨ʿ
Щ죬˴ѣǿʿǼѵĶȹ
ΪٴϮҹݵŴİȫòƬ̻ЪϢȴجν޷ۿɯֱ̼۵˼㡣
û¡
ĨĨ۽ĩľӨҺ壬ǿνĻӦ
ǲεֽ㣿
ͷٴӿˡ
Ǳ۸һԹվԶôлҲԼ·ڹûȥҲûб
ޣֽһûµģô˻ᱣӺ
οĻѾˡҲֻû£ǱʶĻǾãЩˡ
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ɯ̱˵ĴͷŪˣϲɭ
˶ȥ𣿡
ȥˣֻûг֡үү˹˵Ϊ岻ûȥ
΢΢üҪֶϵҲμӣԽԽ
ڲʰʱ򣬵֮ȥ֣Ҫֶϱǡ
ʿҪȥĶ
ɯ̼޲һԵߣʶԾæں浣ĵʡ
ȥ֣غôҡ
аޣһǾȲֽġ
ҹܲôˣһҪҡ
￴Ķʵģһܱ˵۸Ϊʲô֣Ϊʲô
ǰȥΪֳɭϵˣ˵İΣ
ֶɭԼ˵ҲѾ⣬֡
ޣȵȡ
ɯ֪Ǻõʱ򣬶ֱ۵ɭϺسˡ
סޣʣһָֻɫϾ˹
޿ĶϱۣȻмֲȴһ˵ɭϣ㲻ֹңһҪȥ֡
ɭ͵ҡҡͷЦҲҪֹ㣬һ顣


204

Ŀɭʣʲô飿
ҸյõϢǰһΡ峤ŭ𽻼ӡ
ģ
ţ˵٣Ϊʳ
ʳ𾪵ĵɴ۾ĪǸйأ
ɭͷԣ֪峤⣬ѪԱ飬ûаУΪֺİ櫶Ϊ

޵Ҳ뵽οֵ˶ŷͬһλҲðȥǿС
ޣҵģȥˣǵʤ󡣡
֪ˣ
ѰİǿԸɵ˴ʱ˵أòȥ
˱ǻᱻص㿴ǰȥĿԼã

ʱǡ
ڣ峤ƺͰ쿨ޣٴμ档ûеĽţеֻǻ
ޣڿҵͷˡͰƺԼÿ޾ôǾηԼΪ˱ȫˡ֪ޱ˭ĸǻֻۣ˵طж˵ΰˡ
׿ɼƶǷǳ͡
ûͷͬĵˡ
ϸüĿԵһĮĵģƾʲôΪ˵ң
ô嶼ﵽͷˣǻҪȥ
̣ڵһµʱֹҪʧҪ˹Ϊū
֪ʲôڵһʱҸ㣬ԶûпܡǴǶȻ֪ŷսǻԴУֻͣǸ޼ɵ
˵ûʱȻصõˮ©סھ֮Ĳȴʧ٣Ϣ֮֡
⣬ղĻҵ˼㡣
Ϊ峤սٳٲҲ˼ɡ
Ϊʵ̫ܶ갲ȵĶʱǣΪ⸽˶Ը˵Ļغͺ塣
һ뿪ɽֵվ֮أǾ͵뻢ڣڰԼ͵ЩԻεļһС
ҿǿǡ
׿ս롣ǲսϮʹѰʵȫ
ÿǣȷ棬ֻܶϺ󡣡
ļǷǴ򲻿ɡ಻룬Ҳѡ
ˣᣬǰһһЩ
ãҴӦһһ
ʲô
ι壬Ǳصʮ׼սƻʵʩҲרƶϣֻǲûҪķ硣
ûϵǻۡ޸ں˭ָⳡսںǰ֡
ſ޹ϵĻӦֵôߵ˵սã²Ǵá㿴Σ
һĬ֪ӦǴĳԿǵ˵ͷԡ
ЩսֲõĲƸ֣ЩԺ󲻳ûС
ЭԺ󣬿뿪ˡ
ɽһУ֮ϸս·
˵Ȳ̫ãſһ֮¾ϡ
˵žȴƲѡ
Կ޵˽⣬㼱ֲ˴ֵˡ˴ΣĽҪԸ壬Īʲôɸ˵ܣ
УԿƽСȴ綼磬ȫȻӦδҲ̫Щ
Уǲˣʲô
ĲµıæԼĵܵ˴ǰȥ٣˴Ȼ㱨Ϣȴǲ
ô˹ˡ
磬Ҳöɡ޻־϶ǱǰһﳹŭŻʧǡ
Ⲣ
˵ĲչǵǵĶɱһλϡһλɭϼһҲΪ˶һֱۡʧش󣬿ȲҪҲ
˴ȵⷬƵǲŽǸоЩ̫Ծ
ﲻԾ˵ܾ鲻˼򵥡


205ı

ûҪʲô
⣿
׷
ϣ˹Լ˰ΣСҲûлӦһ䡣ڽ䣬һͷܵ˾޴ŵС¹
Ұ׵СδɵۣǴ˼ŵͰ͵ĴϣԵޱȵĿ
֪᲻Լ˵һ仰ϣ˹͸ÿԼġ
ںˣҲ֪Ҫôܺġ
Ҹòã
ϣ˹һ䣬ֻûдǻһԼģϣ˹Щѹ
ûж룬Լѹϣ»ȴСİѻˡ
ˣȴ֪ҪôȥԻһ˲䣬ͰһѲӽȥǻѹ͸ȻȻľˡ
ΣʯˮɶҲûУǰѨǺ
ȿȡ
ֱʵܲˣӲͣǰȣоϣ˹ЩֺѬ
ȡŹвУһ̣һ߰Ⱥˡ
ϣ˹㶵ǺĶŰ͵Ǹ
಻ΪʲôɵûôһֱȼţԼȴأ
УСԲˡõȥǺ
뵽ϣ˹ͽʯͷϣҪߡ
ʯˮȻûзУصĵطȴյú̡̺
ϣ˹ַͱ̺ˣɿֵĹ׻˷ѣղòҧҧˡ
ϾԺҪõǵʳ϶ѺѡصǴҲ֪ܹ࣬СԳԶá
ּϣ˹ʯϵ־񵯸ٰĶȥ֪ܲʯϵ¶Ȳ
֣ȴҪװɵﴵڣʱоеЦתһ룬Ǳšһ﷢ΪԭϣٲҪԼ
࣬ϣ˹Ҫһôá
ִȵڣӶҲûƼٻ
˵ûô鷳˵ʲôҲԼ֡
ıԹʱȴŲ
ǰ
̽ͷ뿴ʱ࣬׻ᱻɶ
ʧǣĲϣ˹ǡ
ôϣ˹أ
ûԷ
ֶŹΪǿ޴ҵˣʳĻ˲һ롣
⻰ɣΪλ֣
Ǳ°ģ⻹ò£ʱǸſһôŵ·ϣ˹һ㡣
ҡһʱԣŽŵңϣ˹ĶⲻĶѨҪ
ò׶˿Ǹ˾ƾԼĻҵû뵽ϣ˹ûмţȴ˰
ϣ˹ʲôϵ
һȻ˲Ծ
أ㶼ʲôʸң
Խ˵Խͳ
ְ⣬ԼǱ˼ǣ
һͬˮƾʲôУĪǡ
Ŷ֪ˣǲ⹴ˣǲŻҸ޽µ͵Ϯ壿
ŰֵĳʣһʼϡȻ־ûʲôڶϣ˹Ūطˣѵȥ״ɣ
ϣ˹£־ֻ·һ
ߣô뵱ôңҲǰǴҵʹ໹ȥ˶ѡ
ֱ׳üڶ
ôǿɶ˰ôܳǣ
ɫһ䣬ЩĻصʲôƨˣԴԺ󣬾еķ⡣ԭҵģҲġĳ֣ʧȥһСƾʲôܳǣ
㡭
֣Ҳûáָ𣿲ܡԹ˲Ͼǲٰ˼ϡ
õӦġ
ӦҲŲǸҸ㣬ҵõϣ˹ΣܿҾͻΪӵĴԡʱҾ͸ңһӶҵū
룡
䣬־ͼһСʯӶķ˹ȥͬʱĳһڡ
㲻ʯҵԴͷԳһĺӡȻС˶˵ǰɣǶŭѣ֣ҶҶ֣
ŭ˾úܿ£ֲûа
ΪͽǸܵͷҪͿ޷ֶֿҲôصˣ˸˶ɥʧ
һеף


206ʰ

ֵһ˲䣬͵һڿգűһʮǿԱߵʯϣֻˡһ죬ӱϹۡһѪ
ʯ䣬ʲô飬ͼϣ˹һŵĵ˰ֵĸǰ
֣û°ɣ
Ѿõϣ˹ðֳȥԵģΪʯ̫̣ûа취˽˭֪ߵھæܽ鿴Ҫ԰ֶ֣û˵ͽǽһңǲмһ˵ı飬ͺǴļĳһ
ֱܿϣ˹ǵĿ⣬ֻǿڵϲ
ȻһжܣȻмֿΪųԼ˿Իȡ棬ȴ⡣
ϣ˹ʲô˼
ŶӴӵһŤĿŰϣ˹ոΪʲôҪô
Ҳ˺ס
ף䳰һʲôɫһĨ޴ʹѵҲԻˣ
ûԻ˭һжĸԸϣ˹ǰСԣôɰʲôҲ˵ҲԼõĶ
ھ¶˵Ļ𣿡˵ĨĨǵѪۣѪûĨȥŪ춼ǣž͸ǵӰҧ˵ɥʬһر˺¼Ż
ӦҶˡ
˵ҡ
Ȼһ֮ȻǶмӡ
ŭȻĵɴ۾֪νͣ˼أȴװĮ⡣
ΪɶŮ˶Բԣ
֪Ͳô׵ĴӦϣ˹ҲĻ
£ֻҪԹԶ֮ءطòҪϣ˹ɫĶĺ촽ľ档
ϣ˹ž͸һͷײҰһ㣬⡣
޷ܵѪ۵Ĵ˵ʲôδ˵ڣͱϣ˹һɭġսᡣ
ߺ󣬿޻ͷ˿һֱû˵İ֡
ﺮȥߵߣˣĳԣ
˿˿굽ֵĶʹĴ˸ϰϣ˹ôӷԵ˼㡣
ŵģϣ˹Уû˵ʲôֻζЦЦ漴ת뿪
ͰһڴʯʯȷˣȴںġǱ˿˰ľ̿һ㡣
СԲŹʳ﷢΢΢üͷϣ˹̲סʵôˣ
ʱǲûиϣ
š

ҪŪ𣿡ϣ˹ΪҲףԼĺСŪģֱ֮˸еΣǲľ
չ˺һҲܡ
ûŪãеʱ䡣
ϣ˹׼ѹ˳ȥŪʱ򣬰ȴ˻
ãҲܳԡ
һĸСʱһǹƶˡ
ܳԣϣ˹һϲеľ׾Ҩһ׵ݵֵϵι㡣
ϰôǵľֹ˺˵һԼɡ
ϣ˹ͷʧİӷŵվԱɵɵĿԡ
СԳԶ˹ģһСһСڵģ͸èһ
ֳһͳԲˣֲ֪ϣ˹˵ʲôŪԼ½
ϣ˹СԳȥɢɢģתһƣɫ㡣
һСȦסף˯ɡ
һΣֻǵ˯ȴ⣬Ϊϣ˹ҪǿԼ£Ͼǰǿɶ
ֻ𲻾ǰԼĿ־壬ͻСצӾͲͣϣ˹кҪңſңҪ
˻~~~~~
ϣ˹˿ִӻɿɫ׵̧ơпƤץˣҲû⣬ôƽĳһۡ
ЩµŲӣոջֺֽУȴ˵øһ
ԼŪ𣿿ı飬ۡ
͸ͭǽһӲǰԼôһĵģ¶ѡ
ڰֻǲװʱ򣬺Ȼ˲Ծ
ˣ
ֿĴˮݣ˲һǸոڸʱ̵ģ֮⣬û


207ҩ

¡ΪԣǲԸôԿԼ˺һ棬ͻԵرûšͬʱ׽ڴĺøжȡ
ţҿּϣ˹㣬⼱ðθ
ϣ˹ֲò
ۣôôһ飿
ƤһƬƤ˸ϡãȺѪ⿴رĿġ
־ôŶۣ˵ϣ˹ϡ
ոпľ̿СˣԲ
ôô
ְյһϣ˹ǵû⣬ͦ˵ġΪСԸոյĻΪŻ˵
ֶˣ㻹ҸѽǱɵ˲κ˿޶ɵߴЦ
ۡ
ϣ˹ﱻСԿůůģģɫʱɢ˵ǹ⡣
Ż᲻ۣûҩ
û
ûж
ϣ˹ҡҡͷ
ŤͷΧ˿ֶȷʵûʲôϣ˹˿еĶ̾߰ɡ
ȥģ
ҿûʲôҩ֮Ķ˺أҪҩС
ϣ˹ͷŶһƵĸڰֵ
ִŻѣרעѰŲҩϣ˹񻤻ʹ߰΢ɶԾءһֽУŵΧʳ඼⿿
ۣƯôө棿
̲סĻѷ£ȥֻǰɹᷢĳӡͬǶƵķ׷ﶼ˳ǲų󣬾ǵĺ鲼ҹеߣɢŵө⣬
ԭСϲ׳棬ϣ˹ǰû׳жƯӳڰȴȫһ
ģģʹð׵۾Ҳźÿ
ϲȥץֻ
䣬ϣ˹͸ˣƵڿ붼ˣȴǲܲˡ
ҪץǣǷڿжÿѽ
ϣ˹һ㬵˵һ𿴺ˡ
УҸûȥҩˣһ˿ڸȾǿɾ鷳ˡ
ϣ˹ͷã
ٴλصѨ־ͽĲҩժ÷ŵʯùӽ飬Ȼϣ˹Ѹ첲
ϣ˹˵ȥˣҩŪȥʱ΢΢üͷˣҲûûһ
̧ͷʣ𣿡
ϣ˹ҡҡͷװúģ˵ۣģ
Ǿͺá
ûлɣȰҩòˣְѴԼϵ·ݺݴų˺һ
ϣ˹զ࣬˵ʲôȴһĳԺͲҪҶ컹Ҫҩ
·
Ҵźܴ˺һҲûӰ졣
ϣ˹ͷ˼˰εҪȥĸģ
ãߣԼ
ߣ
ϣ˹һη
ⶫҲֻͰУĿɲ
СԺҪҪôŪ
ѵ
ιʲôҿɸ˵Ҫٱҽ£ҿֳֻܻ׷ϵ
ּϣ˹ֶԼΪ벻Ķŵæıȥ
ϣ˹ǿȹԺЩˣԣûȥСԲˡ
ңոһһΪΪ˿ڣǲȥ˺ˡ
ĶһЦãҲ㡣
֣
ô˵ѵǱԼ˵Ƹˣ
һССĵ⣬ȴұֵ̫ԡ
֧֧˼䣬뵽ʲôæѹڲϵĶȡϴҵģҶ˻㡣
Ȫʱϣ˹øȵĹڣһ·ǴҴææҲ磬Ҳᵽڲż
ϣ˹˿ĶĿⶸм
͸СԵĶϣôͻãھܾԼĺ⡣
ôˣ
ûôһ¾ͱˣĪһֽȸС
ŰɣԺ㻹á
Ķ
ҲҪۺʱεأ˶˺㡣
źùصӣָе㲻Ҫˡ
˯
ٹۣϣ˹ɲݶˡ۾˯úܹأ˺ܴһƬռ䣬СԾͲǰǰηηŵһˡ
˯˯ɣѵϴһóŻ˯ľ


208ѵõİ

۾ŵһɲ㡣
Ӹɲݶһͼϣ˹ʯ
һѧˣûпֽ̹úҶӵ˸ȣŽʯƽȵĶ˵ֵǰ
㿴εôϲӣ˵һСѧҪõĸ򳤱Ŀ佱
ֶǹƣ˵ֳ֪ճȻ˾顣
˾ͿԳˡ
ҲˡҲǹҪϣ˹˺üٵ࣬ﶼ쵭ˡżԳԻУ컻˭Ҳס
ϣ˹üͷʣʲô
е𣿡
Уȵȡ
ϣ˹ת˳ȥûãһŪȸǵȵĵС죬İƣȴҪȵɫǳһЩ
ףҪ𣿡
š
ֹɵĵͷϣ˹ֱֵӰ˿ǳԻǣ͸뷨̽ѯʡ
̫ȡ
ѵҪû𿾣
Ȼǡ
ʳһϲͨļһ־û˵ȥıҪԼְɡ
ûиɾʢװЩĶ
ǵδҲ̫˷ˣҶװ
ʯ衣
ɶõģ
ϴš

һͷߣȴҲҲ˵ʡЭҲС
ѨõҲֻǸˡൽ滹ܲܳԣҲȥǡ
ϣ˹Цеİʯ˹Ȱְ൹ȥѸٵİߡͷҴҵܹǲ󵰵˲䡣֪ǵĶҪô
ˮʯϴһ飬Ȼſʼ𡣵Ȼʯ̣Ͱȸһһ˹С
Ϊû͵ĹϵЩճֻҪתҲǺӰ졣
ϣ˹Ա߿þ۾а⣬ԭϤӡǰװ׵һ磬мǻƻƵһ飬ǳвθС
ûã񵰾ˡɫƤѾһɫ΢ƣͬʱɢŨ㡣
ϣ˹ĭΪ˲СԵ飬Ѿܾûнʳˡ
㻹η𣿡
š
һ档
á
ϣ˹ͳָմžȵЩ嵰棬ûһڲˡһЩʳӦ൱ζġ
ҪҪһ飿
΢Ц漴Աߵϸһݵϣ˹ǰ
ϣ˹źȴҡҡͷ˵áһô㣬ҪˣСԿ϶
ˣԼԡ
ֺԼĽϣ˹Լ˽ȥ
׽˼ڣٵؾͷޱܵĸ̾
ţóԣ
ϣ˹Ц˵´ξͻԡ񵰣ﵽǣҲȥðա
緹־ϣ˹ϵˡ
Ÿҩ̻һס
ϣ˹ĸ̫ߣƽԾְڵպô̧ͷǵףԿСƯ
սϾһ⡣ǰƴСǵ˫ޱȾ¡
ޣ΢΢Ĵ£ǰʱ˼ѵõľá
ϣ˹ԵĶϵʹֻţʱҪһͣǸöá
һֱСƽദȥԸ㾡
ֻϧκõʱⶼǶݵģҲΪĶݣŻ˱ϧ
~~~~
ְҩ꣬޵С촽ȥůĵĴ˴
۲ۣ
ûо
ҩʱеۣľûоˡҲѾСʹˣҲΪڣʲôĿʹ֪
˿ںõúܿ찡ٷҩӦþûʲôˡ
ϴԾĻǰˣǵ˿ٶȣֱ˵ĺüټʶϣ˹ԺãĶûǱ̬⣬ǻ⣿޴ӵ֪Ȼϣ˹˺ˣҲˡԼ飬ܲһֱɡ
ףԺԲ𣿡

ܵ飬ûϣ˹һŨҰԹĿ󣬶ʱһΪϣ˹ǿͼ
ŵķ˵ңҪҲлᰡ
ϣ˹˫ļϣɫɢ˵Ĺ⣺£˵ĸԸ
һĬʮָȼؽԵüΪڡ
㻹뿨ޣ
ϣ˹Ŀһǻʳѯʡ
ָоһʹæöԷ֡
ۡſ
СԻſǻϣ˹ʶԼŵˡæɿƵ˵˾Բ


209ӡ

¡~~~~
һ绮յĳţɫĹâħצҪƬء
Ҫ
ﳱ𣬰ֱסԼСļֻϮˡ
²ʵ̫󣬷ͣת۾ͻ䡣
ϣ˹ڶҲͻŪķңٿСԣ·һҲܺ껹ûʼ£ɫѾЩҰס
ȻСǲ̫ຮĵطԺȶˣһһļĴ羰֮ȥӡ
~~~
ɽ⣬һϬ޺ŽͬʱȺ
ʲôˣΪʲôҪϬ޴Žǣ
Ҳʲô壬ֻϣ˹һܻҵӣ룬һĳ־
ˣ
ֻûףϣ˹ͺ첽ңĶҪȥңȥȥͻ
ֻǵһοϣ˹ӣҲ˼ʵʵĵͷʾԼᰴ˼ȥ
ȷĺңڹη磬ڴףȺĴߣŵצ̤ôضڲ
ϣ˹뿪ԼĶѨͿɽ⵽ϻʨӣɣǣϬţܵڷС
ЩȺƽǲ׻ΣΪرܣûгʳﲹǲ
ǰ쳣󣬶Ȼһֲס
ϣ˹ԼȺ󣬶ǹͨȴʽû˵ס
ϣ˹òҴҵҵ˰٤أɫҼԼηƶͼλˡ
ףʲôˣ
䣬ηƶҧгݵ㻹˵Ҫεȥ࣬ҲЩֶԸǡ
ϣ˹󾪵ʣ޺ͱˣ
٤ͷûɽڵ壬һȥͻᱻǲ뿪ǱŻɽ
Ҫ֪һ壬㱻塣ԻĿ־壬Ѿӡ˹Ѫ
Ҳϣ˹΢˷ҪǰҲ̸ɫ
ףҳսɡǵģԸΪһս
ϣ˹վ٤ĸǰϿҵսʿԶ
ɵӣô嶯ȥ׼·һ
٤ôȺ͵Ŀ⿴ԼӿƵСӣһʱ̾֡
ףǵѾɱô࣬ѵǾҪĿŲܣ
ηƶͺս˿̸Ǻ޲ܳȥɱ۲źá
ηƶϣ˹Ҿֻӡǧ£ԣҲȥðա
ס
ηƶ㣬ϴܵȥаĸ׽Ӧǣӹһ١
٤һԼ԰׵ĺ룬һϵ
ףô죿
˵ǸŮӣң
ϣ˹㵵˵Ҫʲô
ơţӰŮӣһڹؼʱá
޲Ϊ𣿺ܺãʱϵˡ
УףҵģҲܰ㡣
ϣ˹Ҳ;ܾ˰٤飬תҪȥѰҰֵʱ򣬰٤ȴһʹηƶ
ץסܵܣٻȥ
ηƶõһýĺڱϣ˹ûüмܵʱһ¾ͽ˵˵ϡ
Ѹ˹һʮּ͵ֲٽ˸ʵʵ
סϣ˹Ҫηˣȴûнʳʹֻܸɵ۵Ķ٤𣺡ףſҡҪף
٤һݵߵϣ˹ĸǰŷŭ˼Сϣ˹ֻζļ򣺡ŮӶ˻ûˣʲôûˡסϣϣϣ˹㲻ܹҵУ
䣬٤ͽԼЯӡϣ˹䱻ȫ˫ƻǿԻҪסֻӤȭͷСӡ׾ٵ顣
ס
ӡģͨѩףӡĵ·ϵͼڡÿһӦԼʱ򣬶ӡһλ̳ߡһõͿɺȺޣΪµߡ
ϣ˹ۿĶŰ٤֪ʲô˼˸׼
һԺڱֵ̬ηƶҲǼʵúۡ
ףΪʲôӡϣ˹´度ӣΪʲô׻Ҫ֮λøΪʲô
ߣ


210в

~~~~~~~
~~~~~
ɽУһĨɫӰ񼲷ķ˵һͷǡ
ͷʨͷ˫ĿԲȫźֻɫƣëɫһ㡣˵һ˲䣬˼ĳצ˶ԷĶƤ¶Ⱥ쳤࣬Ƽ⵶ĳһھҧƥǵĲӡ
ʱµǱʧϢڵһѪȾصĿҶĻĪЩ׳֮
ɽɲʱùİ
~~~~
ʨһ˷ܵʤ˶ȫųȵĲǵʬ̤ͷƸ룬ﷺŽĶԶݵģսҵĴ󽫾
ƣ˭ҿ
һֻǲڰĿ׶Ķߣԭ̻͵Ϯת˲ɨƵĴβͷͷ뿪
޻ΣҶϵѪۡǰ٤ķ治ǿһ
Ŀȫ̵˴˲䱻ɢɱ壬㵵ĳ峤ȥ磬һҲ̫ˡ
ƾһ֮Ѿɵһƥޣֻޡڵӣƺܼս
жôǿս˴Ѫζزš
ͶԿ޵ʵһ֪⣬û˴ǰ⡣
ֻ˲ߵĸǰ٤Ǹƥһֱϳϳ׼Ƿۺʱó
صģܿͻˡ
޳ٳٲûǵİֵİΣոɱƥǵʱѾͷǣѰ٤򡭡ɽ飬֮ء
ΪӦǲԸֳ档
쿴٤ˡ
ɽ֮ۡ
٤Լеڶϡ
һͷ׷Ǳ˪ϿµơݵѣȴȻ֮ķ硣Σǿ֮ĩ
٤ǻΣſ޷ŭĺɱǲҪ𡣡
˵ʹɽ֮һԾ£ɻδһɲݵľ޿ǿµ壬ڵխֻҪȥ˲ݵͳ
~~~~
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ѸٵΧϣų¶˵Ц
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ɶļһ֪˰ɡ
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ס֣٤ü޵Ĵһ׼
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Ǳѵıֻӥ޴գµޣʹðͷһѣ
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֡
ڿֳֵһ˲䣬Цݶٵ̣ѸתͷĶɽϵſ֡٤Ҫʲô
֡
ſ޵ĺС۾ӲҶֻ΢תŲ±߿
øߡ
£оĶҪˡ
ޡ
Ǵſǻ˶Է֣޾Ľ£ȴ¿ԽԽԼ
֣£һ㡣٤ʲôǺú˵
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ȻǰҲпзޣǡܲȥжˣǶ˵ǺεΣգ
磬ǲŮ𣿡
˴󣬱ȴѾǰ˺ü
ô
ޣ˵ŮӲҪ£మ㻹ҪסǾͷﰲ
٤һӹɵ񣬵߷緶ʮ㡣
ҴӦ㣬֡
޽ŵϿյİ֣æתóһӵµ˵һﰲһٸﰲҲԥ
һԼþȣץӾͿʼ
ޣҲ̫ΪˣҸ绹ûġ
ϷԵת䣬˴ȴΪݺݵһۿޣǰͼֹ

һأǱ޷˵Ͽյİ֣嶶ƵʣҲŽ˽
˴ȴ󾪣æ磬ǺòײŴҪ
ûлشһ˫ӾһֱŰеİֲգۡ
ָоԼھƮڿеķݣвͻ߷ߡ
Լڲιȥιȥһ˰ˣɶҲ֪
¿һѪѹ͵ĿƲס
ͷĳ壬ǳ˿Եʣû˷ǰš
߷ߵĵ˿һۣ㴹ͷɥĻص˰٤ߡ
٤ƽ˿
٤Ѿˣַ
ͷȭͷա˫ͫ޾Թһʱȴ޷й֮ء
˵ŮӣֱСκһԼᱻԡǲһȫĳ˳롣


211

磬ƥߡ
˴ȵ˼׵óѡ
Ϊ˼˭֪Ĵȴȫ෴
˼ȥ
磿˴ȵɴ˫Ŀ˲ΪԼˡ
ϦأҪǰ˳ߣûУһӣǧ֮ƣ˲˿顣
ϦһۣѸپͰִָС
٤ǰĳڣ¶һĨϲɫֻ֪һŲƣȴû뵽˳Ч
ﰲߡ
ãȻĿŰ٤Ҫȥ
ع٤ͣ룬ű˵仰
ﰲɫȻ֪ɽǱסˣƬݵأҲǴȥˡΨ򱱵ǿ鼫֮أĹޡ
ء
໡

ౡ
ɲʱߺ˵Ĵ͸ɽ嶼Ϊ֮һ
ţȺޱڣɽµĳڡ֮ڰеİֶоһ㡣
ĪǾǴ˵е޳
ǰֻڶƬ￴ΣһȴʵƤӵ£òס־壬һ
ۣ׳ۡӰĴͷҲĲѪȵĶɡ
ֱѾ˺£ֱǰڷƶεЩۣŷ֣Լֻӥ޵һߡ
µĿѾԽԽԶʶΣæĺ֡
֡
Ҳˣæͷϵİ٤ŭȵ϶㾹Ȼ˵㻰
٤վͷƸ۵ģôĴҿɲ
ɶ񡣡
ʹһתͷͬɫÿȥıƵ￴ȥ׷
ƻδͷ޾ͻγΣһХһ˳ȥ
գۣʧ˵ǰ
˴ȣץס٤
磬ҪȥĶ
ֻԼûл֮һ̣һȿȥø

ӥ޴ŰִڿзʮӣǴȺɽɹһľɽ
˵ӥ޵ǼõģֻոǵŰڿн̫ãŲȲѵķڸˮĵطЪһЪ
̫࣬òһЩʳˮ򡭡Լ
ߣκĿһ·񱼣Ȼĳ̲绢ô죬ȴܱȡ
п񱼣ɳִСʱҡ
ӥҲ֪һ㣬Ϊ˽˦ϧˮС
޲Ӿᡣ
Ϊ˾Ȱ֣ɿιǰͷзָ·»
ౡ
ֻӥֻΧתһȦ͵˼ֻ˶Ұû
ǰʳڵϣƬ̾ͻΡ
ʱdiaoӢоͳ˰ֵĸǰ
ԭڴٷеĲУСɷ׵þĨ˲һ㡣һתۣѪҹֱּ壬òӡ
ӥްСԵ֣һףһ죬ʱԶá
ô䣬Ҳ˿Ӱ
ףΪʲôϣ˹ΪϧŴࡣǻǣҲɡ
أȥ⼸ֻӰƤȥСҪʲô
аǸڷݸͲΪʲôȥƤ˹̣ҲȥС˵˵ء
˭ǵܵܡ
˹һ޷ĿǻӦ;ߵֵĸǰ
ȻոѾļСòһ̣̲ס࿴˼ۡ
СһŷǳµĶ쵰ڵþһ̲Ũīļӳͷʹ䷲ӡ
˹ԽԽԣ̲סľҪֿȥ
δ־ͱϴĸȶȸһϢʹԵһ˫ˮĴ۾¿ĶŰ˹𣿡
˹֪ԼŻСԣϿԵʲô𣿡
ƳһԱ߰ɱҰõİأæҡͷҲԡ
˵ϲĶԸ⣬ǿ԰⿾㡣
˹䣬ͱһ
ˣǻҪŸ·أҪôһ޵׷ô죿˵ƽ˭»ҾͲ
˹سûƢСǰʧ棬ڨڨӣޱȶ
⻰Ǹ˸ѡ
ԣǴԼˣʱ䣬ÿҵ


212ϷԴ

ιǳѵҸ˵⿾ĶɱʳóԼٱ
ĴǻðغͰ˹ͬʱЩСŴŴȪˮɽһն
˹ֹͣѪܵĶĻӦСԣѣ¹ԱϷ𡣡
ⶫʵܺÿƵģֻҪǰպöȾСĺ£ҿǴ͡

˹Ͱضٵ㶣ʲô𲻻ġֻ֪˿СڶЦ
Цü΢΢ԴһֽԸСߵУΪôĨ˼봺Ϣ
ظովͱԵʧ˻꣬ĿƵסæ͵ͷá
˹һǣԥ
ĵҲܾСԵһ⣬ǡʵڵĿ޻׷
ΪѵʱһϢʱ
°ͣСѾĸǰͷԼ΢Ц¶ѩ׶ɵСҰɣմ˺öëպÿûյ
˹ѪҺڷڣǼ޵ζоԼһ
һðݵΣԣⱲӶѹ
˹㻹ŸѽСԡ
Ա߿øżͺ޲ǰȥܵɵӡ
С԰ǿԣεңһǸϲʶ̧ٵĴ
ڰصĴߴ£˹ջûܿסԼ
ֽӹͰƤӣð˹ֵȥŪڡǽֻӴɴȻʯͷ˸СʰЩɲ񣬾Ϳʼʽ⡣
˹ֵ»Բ̫ԶԶš
һ߷⣬һϣ˹ȥ
Ȼûа⣬ȻЩм
˶ô𣬿ΪֺԡԺҲûκԹԣ˵ڶ죬ô
ǵߵʱ˵ġ
ǵʱҲһֱûг֡ĪǡʲôΣգ
뵽΢΢̾һڲϵֻڡԸû°ɣ£Ҳ޿κΣϾԼҲѱ
㡣
Ѿ˷ˣŨζĴƮɢ˴ѡ
Գ𣿡
ضǱ𿾵͵Ұ⣬ƴĭ
ֲͷ߳ľӨˮѸٷת˵Ҫһһźóء
ûУС˵Ҫһóԡ㼱ʲô
˹˭ո˵Ҫֱţôôˣ
ҡ
ֵ˲俪ʼԴףΪֺð֣ϧ༤

ߴߴߴ
޵ٴδͷ𣬿ף˼˵ԼĿﲻԶˡ
ûոմӺᵽֵζһ뵽ܿҵٴμӿ˽µٶȡ
ιˣ԰ɣ
һ䣬غͰ˹һ嵽ĸǰ
ౡ̡
ļİظ֣ͱ̵÷ĸ
˹Ҳͬ飬Ц˿̣ûʲôȿسܸȤˡ
СҲͲôˡ
ԵȣǸտģҪ˲ܳԣոֱ϶
ֱ̺챾ίСһϸĵĿ˲ͺ
¶һڰŰֺЦЦǵһγԿʳ֪Щ
ֱʾܹ⣬ԱժһƬҶҶϣиԺͲˣһͽһֻȳ
ųԾͲ̡
غӵУּűᣬζܲ˲ŷŵȥ
һȥˡ
ó𣿡
СѧʦһʵϸϸԼòһ
͵ĵͷҧڣתۣټȾֻʣһ׻Ĺͷ
ߵİ˹سԵôģҲԾԾ
ȻС˵ûм١
ûʳȻҪʳó̫ࡣֲðôķպ鷳ȥƻΣԭôô
Сԣ𣿡
Ҳԡ
ʵѬİζó԰ҲֻаغͰ˹ֵһγʳ˲Żþޡ
ڰֳɹãöˣʳǼ˿ʳġ
أ̫죬ֻҵһء
˹СһֻҰöѣһ׽һֻ㡣
˭Ҫ׽ģҪԿġ
ߣˡ
û˵꣬غͰ˹ͬʱĳɭϷ˹ȥ


213

𡭡
ǵƲһغͰ˹˲仯Ρ
ûİֻҲડĵ˵档
Ŷϴˡˡĳȶ֮ͷһͼֻӥѾ˰֮С
ౡ
ｻһ͵Ļų򳯰ֵķȻ׼Ҳһߡ
Ϊʱʨһ嵽˰ֵߣɳñ̩ɽĵǰ
𡭡
ŴͣƺƵһУŵþӥ͵ͷգ۹Ҳʧֻ¼ɫë
˭֪޵ͣ޺޶ɱֺοսǿӥޡ
Զ㡣
־ĿǰͷʨһޣҲ֪Ǵðģٶȿþһͧ
ʹԺŷ֣һ죬ԼļƵġ
ʨְֶƣҲ쳤צſﲻ
ּĿ磬۽ɫë˳þһ㡣̲ס־һѣԷû˿ŭܵı˱ۡ
ֵҵҵĺӣһԵľ˵˾ʨĻ
ޣ𣿡
ʨûǰǸӥ޵׶飬ͷֵԼÿ¶Ƥ
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ֵѴŰͺܴپһ¶Ҳ¶˳
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ޣڸ
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ûñ˿ôԼðڼͲǡ
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š
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Ψһİ취ǿ޻Σðϡ
ϵëܳҲ˳ҲģһҲò
𡭡
ɽʱʱһʨ˷Բϲã˲˴Ȼһ


214˭Ǽϸ

֮ǰڴŰֻص塣
ˣԶԶͿǹ
ҿ쿴ǰ櫻ˡ
ûǰ櫡㱻ʿˡ
ǰʿһԣ˻Զһġ
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еİ˶Ĺ˷ȸԾкǻģͺ߶ʱˡ
ʧõϲã˲ȾŰֵġ
ҲףΪʲôϣ˹°ԺôصֹΪĿЩΪ˵
ļңĸ塣
ֽ㡭
ſڴʨӵĶ˵䣬ʨӾſӱ
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ֽ㣬ˡ
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ֽ㣬Ҿ֪㲻ǼϸҲ㺦ǡɯһ˵һѹ۾
˭˵Ǽϸˣ˵˵
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úܣǶɻ
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һԹصڵЩʱգҲûӡ
ҲȻΪļϸ˹ᣬй¶ǵһС

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˹ᣬǶ˵ʲôô
һôãʳһԣлһɣٲȻһͥˡǣھںԼ
Ϊʲôô
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ֱҡҡͷԿ˵ҪǸǷӺòã
ӣ
ԣסַӡ
Ϊʲô
ˣסʪ󣬳岻áңܷ磬ױߡûзסůҲûз㡣
һʼ޻Щԥ˵ס岻ãɫɶ漴øӼᶨãǾ͸Ƿס

ߣ˹ʵðҲ̧ͷ
ڴﶼ˵ǳ˵ļϸҵҪطһ߳䣬һ̲ܽϣȻ޷顣
˹Ҳʹ࣬ʵͶҪɵ£ǺӾǲ
СݹˣûأŻ᷸Ĵ
˵ˣҲûмˡ
Ҳ֪ȥĶǺĲɵĵܣȥģҲ˵ÿλصӡ
Ҫ֪ȥˣǴҲȥ
ڰ˹ΪԼĴղʱȻںˡ
˼
ץסǸļϸ
ԣඡ
Ǿõù͸ˣ׮׮飬ûһ˳ġ
ΪŪ˰֣Լڹĵλ˭֪ǵûһǧɡ
ڰ岻ܴĥҲǺõģ˭֪⻹ûöͱ޺ͱƴΧ˸Ȯ
ʵûеطˣΣֻٻع
֪ϣ˹ôûãԼͲ÷ɵ
ºˣŪֺá
ǷƵȴĵǣضⷽΧ˹
һ֪ĺ
ȵȡôһɷҪһ㣿
ſңǸʲô
ץˣʲôҲû˵Ͱ³Ѻ˿޵ĸǰ


215Ҵ

֪ԼʲôҪĶԴ
ҿۣڿԱ߹˳ѹһİԺ鶸һ䣬ǾֻҵģԤ˶޷ѡ

Ļ֣񵶷ùµûҧ
˴ңֶ϶𣿡
ʯȻʣǽɫͫб
δ˺¹ڿ޻ɢɹ⣬ͣҡͷͬʱڵϵҲƲסĻŲ
ǣûУ˵ǰҪݺңԡ뺦ҡ
Ъ˹˿سԼԩ飬µģί
ֿϷģ̲סǰʣ㲻Ҫװˣһ㡣׿ڳ˴ңŹһ죬ˣ
ǳŭӵĿ⣬ٴλҵķϣûУΪʲôҪһҲңҲϸ룬ΪʲôҪңΪʲôҪðѣʲôô
˻һƺҲмֵ
԰ǰˣҲҪļһңǲǺԼ
ɣҲ벻ԭԲԣǰ֣һֱҲ˳ۣһֱءĻԡжҡæץסĻᣬеĹ˰ֵϡ
ޣҴδҪκһˡļЩҲ׿ڶ˵ģҪҡԼʱҪǴ˿̿Ƽִǰ㷢һ¼˵Ļ¼֤ݡϧûֶ
޿ŰֵżУҪ¶ʵĸӾ飬΢ۡ
ȴʲôҲû˵գѸתϣĮʣȻ˵ûй壬ôЩ㶼ȥ
ҡһ˲Щ
ʱɯҲվõֶʱ㲻ڣֶϵҲʲûȥļ԰ҪؽҲûһæûгңҲҪ㡣
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Ҷ׷ָǰʲôҲˣǲҪš
ԣʱҪڳĪҲʧѪˡ
ڵʧ͸
ڵϵһԲ룬ֻҪòڼ֤ݣ飬ֻҪװװͬ飬ǻǻһ
Ͼô˵ҲǸոճԣڴôϡȱĴ½ϣ൱̶ȡ
ȴˣ˶̣һ˲ᡣ
Ǿǿޡ
ֻҲмƳһ̬
ͲֹһξʵȻԷûмϡ
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˴ѣûڼָ·ô׹
ֱ°ߣ裬Щԣ²Ǳ֮ˣҲڼ顣
ڼ飬ô˵һжġ
ļϸ
뵽޷ŭ˱ݺǯס°ͣһõ·ܽĹͷ顣
Ҫǲ˵ǾҰεͷ
εͷ
ڳ˶еϮûͷǲ˵ҲܺúõĳԶˣ
£ܰɡ
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˵ҡʧΪˡʹĿſޣɫˮᣬͰ͵ĳһ
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ǡΪҲүү˵ǵġ
ѣ˲ӦҲȥڼҺúϢΪʲôÿʱ㶼ڣ
˵⻰άݣǰϵͬΪԣ򼵶ʰֵʱһ͵͵˵һȥϹۡһأԣάݲûѡάҴ
Թ޵ĳάݵһۣԭ⣬ʱ˹ȴΡΡߵȺֱӾ͹˿޵ǰݺĿſ޺Ͱ֣պһүүʱ򣬰˹žһƾϡ
˹ʹļ׵һ䡰ˡֳޣһжҵĴû񼫵飬ҪͷͷҰɡ


216

үүǸأ
ֻţһлûʵүүһһ򣬲϶Ǽϸ
죡
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תֵͷֶ֪ˡʵ˹˵ҪԼȥʱҲЩҡ
˹һҲΪ帶ȴҪ³Ϊ죬Ҳֺγܣ
˹ķϣҿ
˲件ϲĳԼ˹ȴΪƲǣӽ뿪壬̤ءΥֱӽɱ
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˭۸ЩҲԵı̬ԣһ᲻Ըǿ£ʱĻҲûС
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˹ѾԸŹ
ƽѰ˹յʾҪðΪѡСȻú壬ûԭ͵ߡ


217嶯Ŀ

˹׿޵˼һЦֵ˸мĵͬһ뿪үﶼһȹ
˹ôˣҪΪ»Բ
ûϵҾһõҲʲôͲ˷ѴҵԴˡ
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Ҳ˵ֻҪǰһ岻ǿΪУɰǵĹһκӡ
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չемֵĶڹöֻܼܻ࣬໤֣ȶȹμѵӣؽԻ
ҹ룬¶߹ңǶ¶ˮأһƬ⡣
ް˰ڸļɽҲС
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ֽ㣬һ죬Һ
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ֻҧҧԷͷʹ۵ķſԼ
֡
ȻѾûǣںĺŰֵ֣ɳƵͳ


218ƺ

ޣѵ㣬ﻹбˡ
ִڿ޵ϣϵ¹̵Щˡ̵֪࣬Ĳʱ򰡡
ס˲˵Ա߻иɯء
ɨһԱ˯ŵɯ̣ѵڰŲŲλãʹԼǸڿôܡ
֣ɯ̶˯ˣڴءҡ
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ŵСһףֲҳֻըëĳ޵һۡ
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ա
Ǳɯ̽ѵġ
Ƥ̺˯һɯȴϴˮ˹ˣҲټŲ
˿ˮһ̵Ҷﵱڡ
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뵽ԼŪǱ뿪ӣ̲סЦҲֲ˭һﵽĶ̩Ƶġ
޺ɭǷӵ顣
ɭҲͬǷסˣֻΪס񣬿ܲıء
ɯ׵Ȼܾǰǰסڷϧǲ޽ݣֻס
޷ӲѣҿԳ
ɯһ¶ϲɫҾֽ֪ǡ
ҲϣиŴסɽɲС
ֽ˵öԡֻһҲףȻ㶼ϽǽˣΪʲôӦ޽䣿

ûһ仰ðպ
Ȼǻ飬ɯ̶֪ģҲôѿĻ
ֽ㣬Բ˵ʲô𣿡
һ±Ϊѵӣɯ̲Сõ͵͵ģ°һˣͲˡ
˹İָ޽飬жԡǿǰ죬Ľ´Ǳȫ֮˹ġټϰôĴԣһ֮ϵһԡΪʲôԭһ𣬲˾źϧ԰˵һ
ɯ̣ҼȻ޽ˣǳǻһġֻ⣬ʱ뿼⡣
ðֽ㣬ʿôõˣǲĶ԰ɡ
ָ˵ɯ̵ĳСȸߵıͷЦЦ;һ˿޵ģһô죿
ɯҡҡͷ˵ģʿô㣬˺˭˺㡣
֪СѾͷƬӾǻ˵


219˽Ů

棬һͿ޺Ͷֱ۵ɭüĳ̾
ȥһʣŵ֪ԭ
޺ǴûиǹӣһʱͲ֪Ҫ֡һֱΪǴӶϿʼǣȻ´
ЩЦ˰ŸǷǴӵ濪ʼģȻһһݡ
޺ɭ޾ɵɵ˾Ϊʲô
־ø˵̫ˣһɳȻ֦ڵϻ˽ݵĲͼ
ȻҲֻѳĸߴϽֽ׵Ĳľ
ַӴʮףòļ򵥣ķ̫ʱ䡣
ֵ뷨ǣȰַӸ˵Ժˣٴõķչ
Ǹǳˣתñȱ˶죬ľȥ˵
ǰûУ˰֣ŷֺܶԭôļ򵥡
ڿ޵һͨҲοû̫ȥȥ˵ܺáý̱һ鲻ۣܿ֡
緹޺ŪһɳԣҾͿʼ˸Ե
Ըص緥ľڿӡ
࣬ݣֳɾȷ֣Ȼľϡڱʱܼһ㣬Դ˴ﵽˮЧ
ν˶ʰߡ磬޴˴éݷѾΡ
бΪνбǾӽľͷĶȻſγһǡڴοӺľľʵ̶Ժ󣬾ͽõĸɲһһĴȥûãһéҲͳˡ
Ŀռ䲻ܴ󣬶һǳĽʵҪǣѩ಻ȥ
ֽ㣬ĳɹҮɯԱ֣˷ܵߵնǺͨͨһƬ
ֹ˶Ϊΰֳ漣ʱ̸еױȵĸˡ
ǺͰͿˣԼþ͵
ڿһзסˣľԽԺҲȥɱҰޣǵƤëǼȳֲֺá
˶ѵõϲʱȻȴӵһõϢ
Ǿ峤ˣˣһֳ֧׺顣ЩѾΧ˹ĸ֮һֻӬҲƤ·ߣǿƾٶƴҪһ̵Ĵ㡣
ޣ⵽ô£ͱƲǲֶԸ𣿽ôΪʲô
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ͷһ¶İ֣Žɭϵɻƿˡ
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峤Ŀ˰櫣ôѰˡ
ո忪սĽ׶ΣҪһȡʤĻǷǳС
ģھȥ
޷еľͷתͳɽߡ
æ׷ĸǰޣҸһ𡣡
ҪǰǾðκΣյ¶档ڱѾ֪ĴڣҲûҪڡ
ƶǰƵɽ壬΢΢Ƿߵͱˣһɽʱһ㡣
ޣȻƭ
˻ѣ˽Ůӡ
ֲԼǰҲԭжߡ
ھһŻѸȼգ޵ľŮӱۡ
ʮά֮ĹϵδйŮӱ°֮£⵹ǵһ
ɺ޵ǣŮӻʩȹλŮ
һգ֮ʱ֡ˮвⷺòΪֻһңԶξ˰ܵ˴ȶΪǵ˷֢Ů˳ڵֻԼÿҹ˫˼ץǺε˳տ
뵽ʱΨпľ£Դ˴ﵽһľþ
ʶģóǿ鱻˺ѹЩӣйĶЯΪľгһգ
һ뵽˵Ѿ£ƾͺ޲ǿӡŮ߹󴿾ѪͳͲȺ졣
Ϊ峤һὫ


220ľ

㿴ǿޣС˴˵һûмһգҲգĶŰ֡
ŮӣȻôܡ˵һ̫ʵ顣ŮûûߵĲҲûмòȻܵص㿴䵽
뿨޴ӹһ̣ͷ˫۾ڰдԼбŲɣ𾪣һֺ档
ΪĿŵľȺΪ׵ӡ
һλϵãΪȹɺϵʱ档
˵λڵ峤ơ
뵽Լ̲ͬ࣬סͶ೯ۡű˰ͦ޳ģһͷںڵĳʮ˳ĴԺ΢ؽ¶СɫĽŵĽüͦıԼƷ°͡
ǰ;úܺÿϵϢ̫䡣˾ò̫׽ӽദ
ԱߵǸˣ΢Ҫһ㡣ЩƣԷʸҪһЩ
߶һɲǣӿһġֺֽܿߣʱֱʧ
ƳǼֵַͽԼƱҪĨ֮⡣
漴Ȼľǽ֮׺ƣô׼Ҫǰ忪ս𣿡
Ƹſɢķ֮ɫ̶ɵٶ¶һĨЦޣұѣΪʲôҪӶ᱾Ķ
ָ󣬱촽ÿţÿ׵۾ŵ棬ϵѽÿһ񾭣ÿκÿĻȴ
ĺĿȴǽԼÿʵļŵǰ
ǡǡǷģҰ⣬ѣһһ˵ҰԺͰ
ûвҵκζǣԼԸȥȡ
ֵ֣޼ɵ˵롣
ͷֳһЦе飬Ҫһ㡣
ƿЩۣǻ΢΢ơ
ʱ˴ûгסŭĳ޺ޣߵŮӣҵߣҪΪС
ûнңԸߵġ
ڲףǰ⼴սԼġһʼΪΪϹ壬ܷ߲ĳһĲ¿ȴ󲻷ϡ
ûĸԸǹ壬Ҳǿ
˵⻰ǰɭϣҪ࿪սɽΪľǲðֱߡߵѾȺĻΪʱƴ׼
˴ȷ߷ߵǰܣûŮӸ޽ϡǱȡ
ٴӭϰִ˫ܸ˵һĴ𰸣Ա㹻ɽӿߵĽء
ϧû˿ԥľٴʧ
뿨Ѿ£˵ǽΪޡںమҲֿʵ嶼ؼ飬ڸԵϺú˴˶ల£αҪսսֻ˴ʹƻû˿սлǱ˭
޶סѩ׵󣬴˿ڿԷˡֵģҲõԶԼΪ˻صԼ
𡭡
ͷշ˷ܵĸûʲôһ̸Ҹ
磿ô£˴öţû뵽ԼŬȡĽġ
Ŀ˵ܵһۣתһһҪ⴦ư֮أ﾿ʲôõģֻҪԸһ壬һܵһǧĴ
ӭǳ̽Ŀ⣬ֻ΢΢ЦЦͦõģÿ˶һϲҲԸ뿪±˸ĴٺãҲԼִ졣
ѾͷҪôʶôôĵطЩҰ֪ܵ˺˴̫˵һʱҲ˿ڱֳݵһۺ
ʵ˵ɣǵͬ࣬ҲǡԺңԶĵطԼѡȨ޾ҵѡҲܸҸδΪҸãǲҪս⡣ǿҵ壬ҵȴȻ
磬Ǹ˵ͨˣֱȥ˵ɡ
˴֮çײΪ֪λŮӦþǸ˼ҹλŮΪľ񣬾Ǹһģһ
ôĹ嶼Ƕһ޶ôҲĿռС˵粻ͬ⣬Ҳͬ⡣


221Ϊ

ˣȻѡǾȥɡ
ľпмЦ⣬ֻǡһĵľȴѾѺۡ
˴Ȼû£üͷ΢š۲תʱǡ

Ƶɽ·һ֧Ȱĺ嫶С
磬ΪʲôһֱѰʱΪʲôӿ޵ѵڼɵʵ
˴ʼû㶮ԼһΪʲôѡã㿨ǿ˵ʵԶԶһ롣Ҫǿսаٷ֮ʮʤʡͲΪθľ۷顣
˴ȵĻ΢ɫ
òŻ˵ڻʱ򡣡
磬˼ǡ˴Ⱥһʲô
ٵȵȰɡ
ΣյĹâͫƬƻƱǽڵŭƣʹĿҲ·
óŮڿ޵ߡԼʱǿжأһ޺͵⡣
ʱҪβķģΪԼӣ
ܾˣ羲ݷʱһȻ׵İ취ص塣
õȵһ죬Լͻǰ֮Ĵֱ
ʱũӽ󣬲ٹκƷһӦ޻
ǡ
˴æĵͷӦ
õúûǿƱŮӻȴֱӶ˰·
ʳӦ޻ܰסΪȻǳܲ𡣵ʱκɣԼͻ
ϻӦҲĿΣǶ޺
һ龪˶Ϊ֮һ
ǿޣΪ˱ס֣һ
û뵽ⳡսȴֵﻯ⡣ڸϧ䰮ֵͬʱҲʶԼǿ
ҪһӣҪԶԶֹЩ
ֽ㣬̫ˡΪǶԸص壬ӽһ㵱׵˿
ɯ۷վڰֵĸǰ˵־䶼ǷԷθġ
źֵû櫶ԼѡǣǾˣҲˡ
ΰʿİ£ǾҪ𾴿һ
ð櫣˴͸õ
Խ˵ԽտƲסĵļֱӾͽ׾˰ա
һ̣־Ӣһ㣬ܴİ뾴أһʧûסԼҪˤϡã
װƳϿɹ۸߰ϧ
ޣȾңҿָߣͷΡ
׸ߵһ˲æСֱѰҿ޵Ӱ
˭֪޾ǰʱһѾͽ˻С
ͷĶͷ֣ڣ¡ɫͫһ
˫§Ĳӣô˫۾ز˼˲䡣˵ȥ˶ء
ԸԳķ°֣뵽ﻹûõéݷּȥ¡
Ͼ㽻䣬Ҫ˷ӲС˷Ӿ͵˰ȫУ־Ҳʱ˿᲻˼ˡ
̫µʱ򣬴ȻԸǷһæִ˲ƣ
·סˣ˭أ˿츶һжֵõġ
Ա߸߿ޣϹŸסĵطҪëéСȻһڼʱҰⲻ̫㣬Һܲ
˭ҲԼľסܣؿɼɡ
ҲúеС԰ɾֺߣȻҪеéС
ͿڸԶ˼ӣһľ壬ľм俪һ첲ֵķ϶ȰѷӸǺԺҪʱͿ̤ľ棬϶űˡ
˴ҵķ⣬ֿԽķһԺҪֲˣҲҲõɽȥռЩҰ޵йˡ
һãǰôû뵽
˵˵ȥ̫ʲô鶼׵
֣ٸŪһرéرݡ֤Ժĳġ
ͦɬģǺܸ˵˵ҪǾ̫ˣҵĲԺԴ̴㹦ܡ


222

Цģһ˫۾ˮѣӵСԵͷ
׺ߣûǵͷ߽˰֣
ţ
Ϳ޵Сûü˵ʲô޾Ͱѹݵߣſ
İſӺܿ͵һ֭Һ˲ǻ
ó𣿡
ţϲĵͷֵǴģ
ոջ·ժģмţ㡣
䣬ްʣµǼҲŵ˰ֵǿŶĴСݮ࣬Ƥ棬ɳȴ棬֮ζͿڸжܺá
ȻҪζ̫Ҳԡ
֣ҪȥϢϢͿǱ߻Ҫҡ
ֿ˿Ĺֿ˿ͷ˧ĿޣůǶڸɻô˼Ϣȥɯɣʲô
ֳĹ˹ı㣬ֻҪŪģҶԳԡ
Ǻãҹȥˡ
ЦȥɯǱߣһʯƴŶֺ̽һʣɯ̣ʲôأ
ɯ̿ˣЦе˵Ұ⡣
Ұϴڸ򵽵ģֵʱ˯Բ֪顣˵ֻҰֺ׳ɫ״ƣİٽӡûл֮ǰͰͿ˷˺ôûܽƷܵŻʹɱﵡ
Ұë̫ӲƤ˵û̫üֵȴΪ
¹нӪ
㲻ҪðˮɣʵغյģΪѾܾûгԹһķˡ
ɯ̵ͷǰַֿ㡣
У̫ѳˡ
ֽ㣬˼Ҫô죿
ֶð̵ʯһƣüͷ˵Ū
ɯ̼ҪԶ֣ĵȰ˵ֽ㣬᷽ܶ࣬Ҫǰֿ϶൱鷳
ְڰ֣ں鷳һҲν㿴ްͿǣΪ˸Ǻôסķӣÿ˶ôۡÿôְﲻʲôΨһľպÿٷǳԵĵģɻŻҲڱϿ塣˵Բԣ
ɯĬĬĵͷֽ˵öԣҪôҰɡ
ȥԹǰСһ㡣ʵпͣݵˡ
š
հֵķԸɯæȥȽɢĴԹæ
ЩƽԱúܺãǺٸɻǰæջ⣬Ӧûǲ⡣
ɯṦ򣬰ȥժЩҰˣõӱϴŻ
ɯ̿˿¨װĶһҲʶЩЩܲܳԡ
ûɯɵĿ⣬ǽһСưˮȻгɿҰͷŵˮ
ȴԺܲȰѻС
ˮɣֻڹֱը
ۣ㰡
ܻζ㣬ɵ۾
ɯζҲΧ˹һͰ͵ĶŰֵֽ㣬զôˮҪɶģ
ⲻˮͣһ˳ԡ
ͣɯ̲̫ʲôŻ
С˰ʱҪ׼ĲҲкˡø׽ʹӹҨһ޴ʯΪ𵽱ãصһժҰ
ͣ־ͰըҲ˳˵Ǻöǳ棬ˣǳ
ֽ㣬ܳ𣿡ɯָ΢΢˿ĭǶɰͰ͵ģΪʲô˾볢أ
̵ЩηۣЦŻӦɯ˵ԳԣҪһ£ڻ졣
ɯڴĵͷ
ųԷ˺ܶ࣬־ҪˣҲô¡ϣҲ
ɯ̣𣿡
УҲڡ
ϴϮĶˣ˵ľˡΨп޴ʱǴǴ׺۶ڡΪǱ˴ʯУûбջ١
ܺãǶù
Ŷ
ɯ̽ҪĶŪԺ󣬰־Լİ취һ׷
ͷְֻҰȶɿӵһ߹УڻҰͷһ
Ǳ㣬ҲͣЪĳ˲ˡ
һ廨գֽݲݶ࣬Ѿͺۣͽôӡ
Ӱ˰ЩᣬԾͰʣµ۶˱࣬ɯ̺޲Ŀࡣ
Ⱒ櫵Ūʲô˳ԣǸɶζ


223

˶ûŪͼҲȥΪһĵҴܲ
ֽ廹ҵһЩʯ齫˷ĭЩηٰۣһãζƮʮ֮⣬ЩɻԶû飬޲ƵƵ
ͿѾ˺üοˮһͷԶ
ޣЩǵʲô㡣
ҲչǰǰûŹôζҪǹȥ
˫֡žڶ˼ϣһ˵ɻɣŪǹȥġ
룬ҲܲµΪ壬ҲֻŪôŵĶ
ΪԺͬʱҲ˶ô㣬øϽһõ
ֽ㣬ΪʲôнӰ
ɯ̶Źѩ׷ʳһʱ˺档
εͷԴɫҲ֪Ϊʲôнӡ
Ϊʲôᷢʳ֡
֣ʳǧǧֻҪóԾС
ֽ㣬ó𣿡
ɯǸԾԾԵӣֳŵЦոյó𣿡
ɯ̺һͷ
ǾͶˣóԡ
ʲôʱ죿ɯʵ԰Ķȴ
ƮˮϵʱͿˡ
ǰѻܴһ㡣
˵ţɯʯ˼ɲ񣬻˼֡
ԼֹӣĽӶˣ֪죬һݳ
ɯΪʲôֻһһôˣ
ָ˵ˮкֳܶԷеϲɣеϲ˿ζ˵գû̳ĽһѲҶ
ɫ׺Ľӿþ͸ʳ˼֡
ɯԱ߰棬˵ôһŹֶҪôԷһ÷ǳðɡΪ˿޺͹ˣȴԸ֪᲻ί
֣ȥпϴֳԷ
Ŷ
ɯ̳ӦһֵĿ⣬ֶ˼ֳ羴

һ޴ʯ棬ϴ֣ΧʯϣŰ߿
ٷʱͱڴΪԴԴζ͹˸в󶯡
ȱȥ׷ǰ׻ճһ㣬Ҫ˳˿϶˲ѣϲʳʳļһȴٸеʧ
ޣǰɣһ죬ҪǳͿ˵һеڻۣ޲ֻţȥ׷ʳ治ϲ
Ϳ˱Թ꺣ҲСֹֹǣҲһ
޺ܲ˵վάԼİŮˣȴѾǵĻЦӯӯ½ӵ𼱣ϾͶˡ
˵ǳ٣ǿ죬Ⱥɯ̰̾õ㣬⣬ӣһ
˱Ƕζڳ˶̲ס˷ܵǡ
ֲһĿǵ֪ǲϲ׷ܳģҲܱ׷һԣһʧ
ԡ
ͿʢҨһ׷̫ϰÿӵֱӾԱߵСľסһ⣬˿׷˸ŴĿ޲ڴķӦ
ţóԡóԡ
˱Ȱֻ˷ܵ˰ͿһѣǵȻ˵Ļȷġ
櫣ʲô
Ǳڡ
أ
ɯһ˵ǽӣۣҲ⡣ǳζǳ
ãҪһ롣
ҲҪһ롣
ۣ㡣̫СˣھͳԵһЩԡ
죬ҧˣڸʵ̫ˡ
ЩҲúóԣǰҴûгԹôóԵ⡣
Ŵ޲ڵַǳĵ¡ĳɾ͸Уһ
֣
޵ͷࡪһһˮȣò˴ĴָĺܺóԣֲֻôϲʳԭֻҪŪ׵ʳζҲȻʳֻǰ˲Ūˡ
ޣպųԸá
˵գ־ͽһСըǰ
𣿡˷дżȲ
Ȼ㲻ң
ţҵȻš
Ϊ֤⣬޶˵ͼסһǺһȦΪҳϣϵľͷŵ
ô
Ϳ볢ʽһǸʲôζˣһֱЩԥΪ˵Ǻζ΢ǣĪһ˵ΣոС


224

ɫ˳˫Ŀһ۰֣סཡһͽմ͵Ľ̵˶ãŶԶգ۵İͿ˵ţóԡ
ģ
ͿǲỳӢ쿨ʿƭ¾ģһֻ׹ˮǺȦɫֻӵÿ䣬һ⡣
޴ϵ΢΢һǲԾͳ顣ֹ̧ͷʱͿѾŴͽӶ˿С
룬Ϳ˵ǳɫ
~~~ȿȡȡ
Ϳ˱һȻֽĿզôһ£Щ軼ߡŵæŲĵĿſ޵û°ɣ
ҡҡͷЦҶû£ʲô
ȥˣͿ˲һһԭλáͨ۾ž͸˺ݺŰһ㡣
ͿˣöİҪǰʳ̫ˣҶԲȥˡ
ź֮Ϳȴ൱ίĲ˲ΪԸⰡҪʽ
Ǹʲô
Ȥķʣ治֪ɶðͿ˱͸ʧ˿صĴƵġ
Ҳ֪ô˵˾͡ͻͿ˵ְ꣬Թĳ޿һۡ
ƺѯʿޣΪʲôҪƭ
ҲεӣװûпϾôòŪõʳζٴ̼Ҳ˵һֲˣùĿ
Բ˿ܻеܲˡͿ˲˼ûȸ˵ⶫкôģ԰ʳ˺ã԰
ⲻ㣬ǰͿСԼ̫ļ
Űֵ֣ԹԵԼϣһĽȦڻ
԰ͿˣֽΪŪЩ˺ܶ˼ءҪ־͹ԼɡɯҲվڰߵġ
ֹг˰ʳ֮ˣ˵˻
Ϳ˵ֲסں䣬ϵù
Ҳû˭ڶͬΪһˡŮӣȥȴκ١
ٷôóԣԼмδҲ̫ˡ

ԵúܱҲԵʮ㡣
ôһͣ·һƣͶ˲ʧ
ްѽ¸ǵéݷָЩ͵ˣжֱ۵ɭϡϾӸǵò࣬Ҫ˶סҪһʱ䡣
棬һ½߿ա
ƺܿסǵ¹⣬ԭҰ棬·һ̣ޣͬ׹ξ
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ϳ̫಻ʳİ֣ÿ޴ҹءһ߲ˣҪÿޱ
޶ֻ۵ı۰ס˶ԷĲӡޱյҲ˵Ϊϲճĸоúģů
ޣǰСӣ㱳ҹȥϴźòã
޺غüͷ˵ҹĺˮ̫Ҫϴϴ
ŽﲻҾҪϴҪϴϲˮ͸һҲûϵ
ȴŤСŪû𼱻ǵģһʱֲֻܽСķ¡
˲񻨺һķɵӱߣ½ϴķЬѸپͰСѾݵˮȥ
Ա߿ţġཡһ
ףΪʲôСĶôÿأ
ССĽָͷװ׵ģԲԲģ۷ۣƵĿɰ
ˮޣҪ𣿡
ԽԽøйɻҴܣ¶ȸƫߡ
ɤӵ֣ʱˣǻȥɡ
˵䣬Ʋסɵʲô
ֲ׿ʵ뷨ֻˣԲҪŻȥϢ
Щ죬ȴĵ˵ͷ
ߵĸǰȰڻְֺԼƤȹϲɣִЬ
ֵЬѾ˺üˣȴһֱûԼ˵Ьʱһֱһ˫Ь׿һģЬһǳɫĲҲ֪ǱʲôճһŪ̫
֪ӦúϲЬȴҲû˭˸еѡ
֡
ţ
ԺҸ˫ЬòãƤģֱůģĶһڵ˫
ð
ԣ
޵ͷһڣʹЬӱߡ


225Լ

صɽѾڿ޵Ļ˯ˡ
СаڸɲݶϣǺƤ̺ӣһǡ
Ҫ뿪ʱ򣬰ȴȻס֣ĺһޡ
޻ͷˮɣǳ׹䣬ְͷˣ
΢΢һЦǰסִİӿ˹ȥ
Ǳϣ˹°߹ĺ֢һϣرûаȫСһ΢Ķͻоѡ
Բ֣֪סίңܿǵСҾͻὨġ
ǵǼ䷿ӣ޶ǰָСûй˼Ҳֻ֪᲻Թ
ûϵĿޣֻҪңסҶܿĵġ
˵꣬èһ굽Ļ
ֶŪȥѵֺǵޣϵĺ֣ʲôʱùιˡ
ްյľѣĵסֵĶ䣬˵ԵĵڶҹεҺûϡ
ֲֻĺӲ֣;ֹҲ԰ֵĶ䱻޺ֵģûһСͺøĨ֬һ㡣
кһЩھͬʱһ˫ɫȴһգҲգĶŰֿǺÿеĵطʱͻÿ
Уĺ̫ˣϸҪϣԺҸһˣ̫˿϶ҪЦҵġ
𣿡
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ǰҪԼĺؿڵλأһ롭ˡ
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ʱúܿ죬ԭջٹķ֮ĲиŬ˿ѾýȻͬ
һĲݷľݣƽ½ðͷٲȻһ̬֮
ֽ㣬㿴ʿסķڽˣƯ
ɯŴɽժҰ˻İ֣һĽ˵
Ҳ¸Ĵݷ¶οЦ
ΪԵʣסķӵȷҪȱ˵Ķ뵽ԼԺļңֻĵ뿨޲߻һ
磬ҪҪôáɲǰһסһһףް˽
˿ϰʽǴģǽܲЩ
ڿ޺ģֻҪϲ˵ǷӣϵժҲĸԸ
֮ǰڿԺͿסԼ¼ȥˡ
·ǰ򵥵ĿδƿŵĵһǿڶңǳڳҺ󻹴һé
ִһȦʾǳ⡣ΨһвľǣڿյģɶҾҲûС
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ּײæϾҪˣԽԽ䣬˯Ϻء˵ԺҪ˱ĵֿҲ˯ڵϰɣ
һʼǾҪЩˣϾǰ˴ӲںЩϸ֦ĩڡھѣΪ̵Ŀǣ޲òضԴ⡣
ûӹǲܸȡô£ҪǺôԱů⡣
УҾͰŪŴ
š
֣㻹ҪʲôԸ˵
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ۿֶƤ÷ʵ¶ˣ޲ſա
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֡
踹ʱ򣬶ԷȴȻһϡ
ŶϲĺԼ֣϶ʱһ㼦Ƥ
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226ŵ

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˵ģ˷Ӿ͡Ķһ˷ڴ˵
ֵʱһƬ뵽ԼŵûкڣֻЩʣھҪ𣿡
šúصıӦһ̣֪жá
ȥˮϴ衣
תȴ͵ק˻
˫ִʣ뵽ǰȵϴˣҲࡣ
һòУǸողųԵôҪھܵ͡ġҪȳȥߣ˵
ֵҲӱҪ뿨޽ϣֻǡһ̫죬˼׼
ҪԱ
ĻðֵĶӶ
ۣǹģֲһֱҪԼôණأ϶ڵһʱ򣬵û
޳аȵЦЦҲ͡չȥһڣͰᱧȥ
ŵɲϣֱյı۾˽ȥ
ΪԿ޵ļӣȲԼ
˭֪˰ΣҲûеȿ
Сİ۾ĸǰһЦЦĶԼ
ôˣ
Լʡ
Ǻܺ£
ҡҡͷ£еš
ûϵһŪ㡣
š
ףҲ֪ԼͨˣǵĿһֱ˺ѣĽ·
¶ѩ׼壬޵ǿһĭ

˵ʲôɻû˵ڣͱ͵ѹ¡
˴飬ʡһ֡Ϊ˺гԲ

˰ʱŵõͷŵĴӰ˳
һƣµ־͸Ҫȥһ㡣˫糺죬촽΢ŵϸţǾƣӾѾһ㣬һûˡ
Цյ˰ֵǰ֣ںõ𣿡
Żʹ⣬շˣŰ𴦿
֣һζӦξͻģҪҡ
һ˵һֲʵߡ
һľ䷢˻һ飬æ˫ڸűӵҪ


227ϴ

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ްԼû񫣬ҪȻҪôûʵɡ
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ȴѵһε˵֣𶯣Ҷ
ûһһɾƤҪȥʱȴȲýġ
Լɡ
ȻѾ۵û붯ˣ飬ǲͷˡ
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ңԼǡ
ãȥյˮһϴòã
š
޳ȥĳˮպԺ͵һľͰ־ƣ۵ǰ֣ұȥɡ
áʵû˿ֻľżÿڶ
ܿ쿨޾ͽˮͰˮϵÿһ⻬ļʹڷһ˵̾ʱı۾
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
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ã
ѹĵĿ¶˫Ƶϣٿȥϵд
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Ѿ˼㣬ȴ˿û
ֻĽִԡͰﱧóһɹɵƤϵˮɣŽƽĸɲϡ
Ƥ̺ԼִҴҵȥéѰͷš


228

ȥҹĻɴ³õĳ⣬ӭµһ졣
ʱ򣬸оԼһ޴ë߱ţůȺġ
۾ȿһְʨ
ܸӦСˣĿҲаƿƤ
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࣬ڰһ򣬱㻯ˡˣֱ۽Ȧڻ
ö˶˵ģҪΣգգ۾ʾܺ档
˵ҿЩ䣬Ծͱ˯ˣůһ㡣
һȣ˳ƴӿ޵ĻѣȻ˸źǷȥ緹
˿ţһһĴ˸¡
ޣĿҲ
ţԺ̫ĶҪ
˵ţְظɲݶѸٰŹϡ
òװĵһʡ
ʲôȥŪ
ʵҲ̫պϴպϾС
Ҹ󵰳ԺòãΪ˵ǸӪĶ˻ܲСԱԼŪĹ󣬾͸óԵúò
ֵӦҲû롣
Թ緹־ͺͿ顣ԸõĶ֣û˵ȥɭ濳ľȥˡ
ָһ𣬼ŽŴδЬ֪ƤĥƤˣҲá
ͽľǻṦ򣬸һ˫Ь
ϲǰÿԳߴ磬ЬӻСˡ
ʧ̾˿뽫ЬӵȴŲá
֣⻹һңӵ
ЬСˣ㴩ѽ
ǾԺǵ̴
˵գ޾ĿҵֵĶӡ
ǲŽˣŹ˶ãͿˡ
ֵͺߵЦˣǵĺӳǻҪð
Ьĳǳ˵ĳ룬ȺӳôҲһʮɡңûлأô뵽ôԶ顣
ܿģЬ㲻ӡ
ðɣȥһ˫ˡ
ֲֻա


229ҫ

磬һ˫ЬҲõľ˼ҡ
ʣľͷôֶ࣬һС˵˯ġ
ϣһ
˾ʣʲôһ
ͷβĴһ˵ûзﲻһ
Ǳ˴ȵȳӣ˼·ע⵽ϵЬ
æǴŪġ
޺ñһѧ״ĽޣֱͦһһĻӦҼָģ·ĥţԸұ˫Ь
һĽǰޣô
Ȼޱȡ
أ
ƮƮģо·̫һ
һδСһܹͰ͵Ķſ޽ϵЬһۣܷ𣿡
Щ½ޣʱĽЩܷɵķݡСһްЬӿô棬ԲʳôĻ
޶ôһ˫ЬͿԷɵֻۣˬʵĴЦ
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ģǿԿ𣿡
ȻС
ΪʲôСһﲻɿƭһʡ
Ϊ̫Ьĥ
ŶСһʧĴͷʾǳź
ԱߵİЩȥߵ޵󣬱˴һȻԵõĿ޵ܲܲҪôɰһ˫Ьѣһﵹҫǹˡ
𣿡
ţ֪֪ܶ
вЬģĶˣ㿴ǶĽѽ

ðɣԴļһΪģῼǱ˵ĸܵġ
ҫҫΪǵΪ
ɭˣ˴ȤĿǰͷʹ顣
纮Ѿ٣ѷʳȱԼӦů֮ЩǽҪĴ¡
ǰΪսʧ˼԰Ϊؽûд̫ʳҲδȡ޾
ûʳİ취
û㹻޾ǲ޷дԵİΣҲԹ˼
ǰ˵޾ó˿Ůӻ˥ϣյͬʱܳΪʱһ
ڹѾ߸еĴԣǵĲڶںʱ
ʱĴԺ̶ǷǳΣյģû޾ӳ֣һǺѰ


230˯Ҳ

ҹڴϣȥ˯š
Ƕ̫ŪðҲû˯⡣
ˮɵ˫ӿ޻̽˿ɰСԹϵô˯ϰߣ
Ͼǵһ˯ӦҲӦõġ
ҡҡͷ˵ɳƵ˵һûС
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ҡ
˵ĻŵתתͫףһҲǵͨ졣
ּɫ죬ټ֮ϵƬ̾˹
ܿ죬Ҳź漴ĵ˿һ۵֣㻹Ҫ˳ȥԡϢãкܴӰġ
Ӧ㣬æֱ۽ȦסʹԼ
ûϵǿ׳㲻˯Ҳԡ
⻰Сٴιͨ졣ͷߺ˼ƲῨޡ
֣ңĿԡ
ɳƵϿţһֻСûкȵˮ˶ǲĵġ
ͼʶһƤһʱҲûа취۾߰˵˾䣺㡭
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޸ɴĻӦͼĴӴ
漴ǰĽѹ¡
ҹطŪľ֨졣
ҹȷʵڵ˾ƣźֹͣ
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ա
˯Ͳѡ
۾ͿϷһ
Ӧǿ޸׼ͣӴϴһͳ˿Ϊ׼ʳ
Ѿ΢˵˺ܾá
Ǽһ˯ôȥ尡
ֲ֪ǣǰˣʵ˯ߵҪ󲢲Ǹߣ첻˯Ҳ̫Ӱ졣
緹ɯ̾ˡ
ðּȥҰˣ˵ϴεҰ˸һ𣬵ȷܺóԣҲܽ塣
Ҫǣˣ⿿Բԣһզ죿
壬ȥժҰ˵ˡ˵ʹӦɯ
һ·ϣ˿һֱ˵˵ЦЦܾɯܹ̿֡
֣˵̫;òڡ
ü̲סˣɯΪɶҪܾлҪ˵һ㡣
ɯŵֽ㣬ǲѾ޽ˣ


231

һ죬˲εô֪
ɯ̵쳤˱ӵΪп޵ϢǳŨء
ⶼ֪찡˱Ҳ̫˰ɡԺ޷һɶǾȫų
ˣ
ֽ㣬𲻺˼㶼ǿ޵İˣǽҲˡ
ҡ
ϣ̣ܿͿһǳƯɰ
ɯ˷ܵĻԽ˼ûôġ
ǿ˵׼ɯ̿һЦƳ˰Сһۡ
ܾ⻰˵̫ΣתƵɯ̣ƣ
ɯ̻ϲ
Ϊʳϲľ
ǻ𿾣ԼƬǷǳζġ
Ҷֲڳйʵ
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ǰǿںܶȥˡ
ֺɯһʱ䣬˺ܴһ
ȥʱάݺͼԿɽôҰ˻Ľѡ
ǰ˵ҲǺųʳأɺԹļηҲ˻ش
Ľ˰ﻹڵԼܳԵҰˡ
źƬôҰˣԼһҲԲ꣬ĵĸλú͵ص㡣
ʵĴҲһ㣬ҲǼԲٸ
֮ǰ޴˳Թ
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ҽʳһ£Ȼÿ˷ֵĲ࣬ﲢûиеɥ
ûǰֻᵥһĶԸȤڣڰ櫵Ĵ£ҲʳصĿʳһ䣬ԴĽ
иҪһ㣬ʳ׸ñʡ˺Ҳǵıʱ᳤һ㣬ɳҲôˬڡ
ڰȴ˴ƵķԽʱԲѬ档ʹⲻḯãʱһַζء
˵ԲѬˣں֮ǰץЩȦȵʱֱɱ˾ͳԣҲòɽҰĵȥܡ
˰ֵ㣬˸µõĸɮһϵΪԼ˴㡣


232

Թ޴Ű⿴һ
ҹ磬壬ֱӾͰ
ڶϣરવꡣΪԭ򣬿޲û˳ȥԣڼ˷ʢ͡
Ѱ֣Щ𣬿ţԾͱȻԼĻԴСιʳ
־ÿʵ̫ˣԺһֱȥԼɸַſڵķŤҪӿȥ޲õûЬá
ּ˵棬ֻòԹԵԶ
ССڵģ͸èһ
ιֱֽ֣شϡ
һûţһ
ްḧͷںͷ漴ϸ۹Ķͷ
ֺһ̵ãοı۾Ӧ޵ʱСشĽʹСӶһɪ
ôˣ
Ʋ˰ֵŵĳƳ˹ȥ
ɫ΢׵ҡҡͷû¡
Ծɲĵʣģ漴ֵôô
ʲ䣬һͻ
Ժ뿪һůĵطסô
ۣô죿
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ּŹֳ⣬ʱͷʣΪʲô
Ϊ꼾ǴԷĸ߷ڣʱ䣬׻̡

ֲĿ˿һۣСǺ죬֪˵ʲô
֣ǵһҾͰҼ縺νǣȻȥľȥĶ
꽿һЦͲ˵Ǹĸף
չ˺ǵİ裬ĸˡ
ſĻȴŮô죿
ٴγͷЦûϵǿüѣֲֻһ

˲ͷߣԼڿӸԼ
ҵĸҲŲҪء


233¾

ϧ˵⻰ʱѾˣ޷ѹԼ·ӣԾⷽĴ㡣
һۿҪ⡣ֱֺһţ΢šüͷ˿̿ܡ
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Ϊ³Ķ˵˰֣ŵöʱ֣һŵĽַơ
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޵ĵѯţܣ·ԼҪܡ
Ҳ֪Ҳ

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ĶᣬҲСġ
ԭЩʹ¸ĵŪ£һʱ˲١һ籡ŵ˲侪вн˫ȡ
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ҡҡֲֻʧ˵ʲôȴ˵ȻֻɬĽ˫Ȳ£ʱȴһѱҪߡ
·ҪȥæżĴޣҪȥĶ
ȥҽ˹
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䣬޿ѪӿɫرɷףµĲӲɸ˼֡
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һɫЩɥ԰ѾˣǸô죿
СԴԼûܹκһС˺ĪôѪµ˫ֶڲ
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ޣ𼱣ûˡֻһȻ󡣡
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ûĴڳԺƺÿҲһҲνķڱ֣ζŴѾ˷ֳ


234

֪Ϊ˲͵Ҳ˿ŴƮŨѪζеһ˿˿˷ܡ
ǵĳ˵һʱǲ֮ģŪ˴ԡܲ
ȻܽˣֻڨڨĽѵƤȹִϡЩź֣ǲŻˡ
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һŻᷢһ飬ҲֻǷܾǴˣ¾Ҫȵꡣ
Ƿ𣿡
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һߣ־͸оٴξ̡
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޻һͰ͵һǣСʧѪ΢΢ףٵ۲ѵʣôţ


235

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Ūϴ
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ˮһתæȥЩˮ
á
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޵֪Щŭ˺ЩΪʲô
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ôˣ
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ȻңôһСҪҶ㣬ǲٵԣ
˵ʱȼܵսǻײжĳ¾֮⣬ŵðЩʧ
ûҪĶһֶΣǿԣ


236

ԡһץס޵ֱۣƲµôɫɷ׵ҡҡͷֵսǽκ⣬ֻ˼޹
Ҳܵί
ûίޣӦңκ⣬Ҫּ˵ķʽȥ𣿡
޲˵ȴһĶŴ⡣
ҹ
һֱˮϣ˾ͲȻܲ㣬Ҳ
Զŵһصζ
ʲôѽ
ְͷ˹ȥŹ￴˰ΣҲûϳƷ֡ͦģպҲˣ˳Ƥ
޸Լ¹⡣Ұζ߼ʳˣϸۡζΪ⣬ڱա
ڲ׽ͷ̽¹ʱʹгϡǸ˵ڷʱһѰ¹ɲ壬ʹԵѪ̵ʱڵԻָ
ֿɲ֪޵࣬ڿԵģȲ
޿ǸСӣָ˹¹ļλ
ֳԵòֱֺ俨޵ĳմг
𶼳ݵģʵҲҪһ㣬Ӫܾ⡣
ѵһ䣬գˮװҲ˵ȥˡӣɶɶ
ְһɾƤڴϣƨŲǸλãСȥ
޴ӲסϸСĲ뽩Ӳеֱ
ֻ֣޻ùһЩҡ
תѸָͷס˿޵Ĵ
ĿĶǰӢ˧ˣóޣ޻Ժһֳ㲻Ҫ嶯òã
Ŀ˿Ǹ־µСһۣɫյʣôҵʵ
Ȼǻۣ˸塣Ҳȫǳء
ҴδɹʵֻǲԸѪˡ
ԭΪԼġ
ɫתϧĴ
ղһãҶġ


237ժ޻

ļ죬޶Ű֡
ֱŵ¶һĨա⵹ΪԼһֲܷڴʹ벻ʣŻΪο
Թ緹޾͸˳ȥˡ
Ͼ뺮Ҫʳ̫ࡣ
ڼ죬ЩͷˡӺò׸ɾȻܵɶɶǡ
뵽ÿûӣյɯ̣ѯɽû޻һֲ
ɯ̸˵˵ֲɽеģЩҡ
˵ҲҪȥܱԺһӣڼҴˮŵĺðɡ
ֽ㣬ɽɭкܶޣȥһ𡣡
šָмĵͷɯһЩڴԷ⡣
ɯ̸ĴڳԺһһŷһ飬Ҳ̡ܶǴͬġ
ְԹ̾˿ԼΨһ࣬ЩҲֻܿԼܽ
еɽ˺Զɯ̴Űҵ˼ɼҰ޻
ҰȻ޻ɫȥһҲã˵ģ۽Ⱦһ㡣
Ҫڶʮһͣ޻޶Ȳˡ
ֿû޻ǴȻģϡٵÿоͲˡ
ֽ㣬ֶժȥʲôð
ɯ̼ժĻϲơⶫŲÿҲܳԡ֪ΪʲôҪôժⶫ
ⶫôˣֹѪܷ֯ůҩ
𣿡ɯ꣬һǻһȤ
ֲժһ࣬Цͦġ
ȻҪڱϣǾ͸ˡ˵־뵽Լִ˿ޱԺǸǲඡ
̫ˣôԲժɯ̻ӦЩɥѸ޻꣬Ҳֻװ°¨
ǰ˼ֻͷɯЦЦûϵȻǲ࣬Ѿӣȵ꣬һӵиࡣ
ûҸǲ˵ʩᣬҪԼ˫ֺڷܡ


238

˲ժ긽Ұ޻ɫ磬ΧתתժʳõҰ˻ȥû뵽ȴһƬ͵ֲꡣֲʢߴţ·ȴһķ˶ʵ
ЩʵӨ͸ſű쵽˼һʰɫ
һʱôߣæڲ˲ҪĿˮѡ
찡ôôһƬѣ
һ룬ҲܿزסԼ˫ȣɵܵǰ˳ժһҲϴҪš
ۡƤֿ֭࣬ɿڡþûгԵôˮˣҸ֮УȻ
ֽ㣬ڸʲô
ɯ̼Ҵҵ˹־ҪѣϧгԻԵİôױУһɵת㾪ն
ɯ̣ɶѽ
ﺬѣˮɴ󣬻ӦЩ塣
ܳԣСж
ɯ̼۶ˣҪȥûǴѡɵȴ˷֮ģûóѣġǸ̬ٲȻȼ豣СҪء
˭˵ж˭ģ
ЩˣΪʲôɽʳȻԴжΪж֮ʵ̫˰ɡ
ɯҲ֪˭˵ֹжģ֧֧˰ŵ˵ɫĹһ㶼̺޶㿴ǵɫôˣһԳԡ
ûгԹô֪
óҲܲµΪһʺɫģ㿴
ۡ
ֽ㣬Цʲô˵Ķġɯ̶ĻˣȴֻԹԵЦһ˵ɶȴֲ֪Ҫô˵
ɯ̣㻹Сκ鶼Ǵӱ˿˵Ҹ㣬ϵ飬ôԡˮʶûжġ㿴⸽ҲڳжЩɲɵ
ǡ
ɯ̻ɵʱ򣬰ȴѸٵĽһ
ɲʱˬ֭Һ𾪵ɯҲ˵ˣҪ³
ôòóԣ
ֵƤգգ۾ɯЦ
ɯ̻˰Σź˵ͷЩСȸɬҲԵüΪɰ


239޻

ɯ̽Ӳ£ǰȥļ԰ɣҪҲңϴ㲻˵Ҳж𣿿ҲҲúúõģ
ɯ޿ɷֻ˳ӵİ֭ʵ˶
ɯժ˺ööԣ˶ѶƤˣͣ
öѽֽ㣬ҪԶòܳԵꣿ
ʱɯҲ˰ܳԣҪжĻͶˡ
ǰǳԵĲľţһë
ָпĿܣ˵ѵıҲ͸ļڣܼʱʳã¹˶þͻȫڵϡ
ȻڿֵĹũôĺùõҲʵۡ
ɯһժһ¨ȥԺ˵
ҵʱ̫Ѿɽˡ
޺ҲԻֲڼң
ֺɯ̱¨ŵǿʯ¡
㷢ڲŸչô͵ܣ
óͬʱȴ۵Ľŵ¨ӹһ᲻۵ģԱߵĺͰͿˡЦ
Цһ룬ȴֱǳ˻ȥ
ޣҽҵʲô
ֲϵĺϷǵҲһ˿ƣɫ¶ɾ͸ʮЦݡ
ޱЦݹƻз̲סҲЦʲô
޻
ҵ޻ǲеĶ𣿡Ȼʡ
κζڴȻġֻǱȷôֻࡣ
ҵģ
̺ɽ֣кܶҰġ
޴ϲĵͷ̫ˣҴ˸һȥ˵ժĻ
ˣڣʵѾճɵʱȥҲûʲôջ񡣡
ô죿ͷֵЩɻ
Ū˺ܶӣʱ㷢ңôﶼԼǰһ㣬ʱһﶼ޻ˡ
ţ̫ˡ
ˣҽɯ̻ժ˺ܶѻӺˮҲ㣬һҲԲˣַҰɡ
֪Ҫѷַҳԣ˿϶ҪΪѵ״ɫ˵ʵ̫ˣᵣжҲ
Ҫÿ޸ǽǴһҲ֪ǵΣЦ


240

޶˶¨ǰɫСһʱЩ׼
ֱɯվ˵ԼͰѾ˺ܶҲûɶӦ̧ͷһµĿ֡
ģûһ˵һߵƤԼؿڣʾ⿨ޣԼǿ׳úܡ
ȴݺݵĳһɵԺð֪𣿡
࣬ûлشȴһҲðաѿڶʮһˮ֮һ
ſ޳ȥ˷ַӣҲժҰ޻ˮϴһ飬Ȼŵɾĵطɹ
Ҫþƾٰ͸ˣϾԺҪŮӵ˽Ʒġ
˵𡰾ƾֺ֣ȻһƬ֡ôճɵѣҪǰɾƸöã
ƳɹԺ󣬲˷ѣұڳҪǣֽµһȤǾƷơ
䶨Ժ󣬰־ͷٵƶƻڿ޻ص˼УҲδ
ʲôأ
޵ǳĹʲô֢æԼǰϸ顣
뵽ƹƲһС£ɲɹۣʱ㽫ĸ߸֪ңϲġ
ûʲôˣЩѴϲ𣿡
ѣ
ּãȻЦЩϺɫĹ
ţǳԺͦϲģ˵𣬱һĹóԡ
ǾͺãҴһȥժ
ȻԵõĻ䣬ͱһľܾ
С
Ϊʲô
ΪϲȥðգһЩ˲ҳԵĶγԵĹûһ´εжô죿Ժ㲻ٳȥˣʲô͡
ԭ뷴̧ͷȴ޵ɫʮѿΪεҵˡ
˵οĻ˭֪ȴҲȥ
ҲֻЭУԺҴӦ㣬ҳԶˣҪʲôͬòã
š޻Ӧһ֣ŻЩˡ
ֲòٴûģȥժЩҷģֻժѣʲôҲ
ȥժԶٶԡ
Ŷ


241ѧ

ǿŪĿ⣬ȫǰհֵĿζģ⿾÷ǳֽۣηۺȵͿĨ棬ȻˢϷۣٷŵĵζϣĿִտ졣
ֺϲԼҲϲ
˳ԱԺ󣬿ȥ˳˴Ͱˮ
Ȼر𰮸ɾֻ£ҲҪϴ衣
ĿƺҲ̫һ㣬һ˿˿ĲԾ
Ȼϴ裬޾͡һһĳ嵽ǰϴϴˮ򵥵ĽԼϴһ
ԡͰɵƵԼҸ£ûĺҺζ󣬱˷ܵϴˡ
ּʪվͷŪøʥʿһɺЦӸһƤɵĸë䲻䰡ϵˮɡ
ֺǵĻӦԷԺ󣬾³çİëһӣȻͳҪߵİ˹ȥ
˲˴󴲵ģһ˫ɫͫҪ߳Ѫһ㡣
ָѹȸУĶһɿȵĺһƺҪˡ
ޣ㡭
֣ǽɡ
ɤͳĺ߳仰ȲİһְֻѹϣҪȥĲӡ
֪⼸쿨Ϊ˼ԼãЩܡ
һߣ㷢ʵЩмܲס
¶һ˿̬
ܵĵֿ̧ܵͷɳƵʣôˣ
Ҫɥʧǣǣǲܲڡ
ָ岻ϵ£ԼеæԼҹĶؿڵһû׼á
ްֳڰֵ࣬Ե㲻Ҫ׼Ҷͺá
ǡ
û˵꣬Ѿɷ˵Ŀʼжˡ
Ҳװһ֣ͿʼϿޡ
Ͼ飬Ƿ֮Ӧ֮¡ܲˣ͸ѧܡ


242

ҹ
󴲡֨֨ҡֹͣ
һֺ欵ڴڣӳճĨ˵ıӰ
ôλ𣿡ԳػҹԵüΪ顣
ˣе͵ġǰΣ֪ǲӦ˵Ĺϵûǰֱ˺ѵˡ
źܺãԺõġ
䣬ڴԶǰһǣıĺ˯ɣ
š
ұ㣬˯ø̤ʵһ㡣
˵ǱʵһȴһֱؿڣԻ˵Ϊ硣

ƿӾͿԼǰһʺҾ޿ŵצӡ
ļһ޼ҴҵĶһ֪ӳܹŵʣôˣ
ŭɶǰһָǲŪģ
εĿ˿ܣ뷴һʱȴҲ˵ʣֻܽӲתƻҽץһֻζǳ
ɶ񣬻쵰
˶ƣ͹ȳԵ㶫˵
һ۰֣֪ˣΪ˺æеĹϴó컨Ҷˬڡ
𴲵緹һԹķȫðκδҲҲķᡣ
һԽԽͷˡ
УҪԼǾ̫˿Ǹ쵰ˣ´һٷġ

ʲôͷϵʱ򣬳涸شĹֽһ
һĨصĹ⣬־ȥ˳
˲俴˸ˮôӣżֻ۾̵
ȻӦĻеҪߡڳҲ޷ײǰǵסǵš
ǡ
֣㲻һֱ⼸ֻץģÿ֡
𣿡ϲʤܵǰһ붺ŪŪĻ飬û뵽ડһֻ̫ĺľ˺ôһʺ
֡סüͷ߹ҪҪɱˣ
ɱͷתƳޣûšһµأ
ֳ޷Ժ屦ƵġࡪĶŪĺ
İɣ Ҳɱǵģһһֱǡ
üͷһ壬ŰǰרעĶŪСһȻԼʧһ㣬úɥ


243ʧ

ʱǡ
ƶľ񣬶˳˼
ܵ˴˵磬Ȼܾǰ˵ĶһףǺ񲢲ô⡣˵
˵ʲô
ǰһλŮӵĴ£ѧΣľͷסģסģֱ޼
顪
ϰڷŵĴֲ˲ѳƬ
˴ȿ˿Ŀɭĸ磬磬͸ҵĽ񵽺ã壬һĶǰҰļһ

˴ȱֲҪͲһһֱβˡ˵ϦλϣΪ΢ʡ
𣿡̧ͷﲼ˷âϼһ飬۲ָֻš
˴ȼ糹׷ŭ¶һ˿ɫǲĵ˵һ磬ҲΪǺ롣ǸŮˣǳҲǳκһŮҲȲ˵ġʧҪǡǰһ
û˵꣬ͱ˻ȥ
ȥɡջı˫ۣƲ˴κһۡ
ǵ˵һңԶĵطκ嶼ûйϵǶģԼѡȨ
ӣһֱѰ̽йϢϧԾһ
ʱ룬ǷǴŮֻһңԶ½ƷңԶ֮⣬Ƿһͬ磿Ҳֻһ磬ֲܲͬ
ôȹԼ
Զ˺Ҳ
ô
ɣɽϦĶӣҲ˴õıʿ
˴ȵ£ñĻ׳棬һ
˴Ⱦɥҡҡͷ绹ûκ

ɣɽ˵Ҹ絽ôˣϲǸŮϲҪΪʲôԸ塣
ɣɽοİִļϵ峤һĪҵȻǲ²ġ
˴㳵ߣȻ²˾ҾͰһѡ
ɣɽɫһͫȴһĨֵĻϲҪʲô


244

һ£ȫİ㳲칦򣬾ͽҪѶժ˻
һһεİǰָ˵춼ϲ£
ҪòôѣЩæժ˵ԼЩȥԡɴﶼҪһԭ֪Դֲʳ̫ʳ˲һԭһԭʳǵݡ
ԵȴԣҪȥԺսģһڷļȫսͲʱǴԵơ
ȻǲԣҲǿ
ÿͰˮֱӳѴáЩûдũҩȻɾʳֻҪȥȥ࣬Ҳòϴ̫ϸ
磬ˮɣʹа˸ߵĴޡ
޼۵ģæȥæͬʱƵҪЩװ
š
ôװȥ᲻ỵ֪һʱǳԲģȫװ棬Ƥ۵ģ϶Ų졣
ġ
˵ţ־һѣȻ΢һ£ʹƤƿڣȴƫƫûƤ룬ӵϴ޿С
޿Ŀɿڴ˵ỵֶŪ˹Ƥǹȥǻø죿
ˣһ𰡣ȻһҪŪʲôʱ򣿡
Լûĳٴ
ŶҪʲôȴҲ˵ȥˡ
ѷŵһ־ͽǰõǷŽȥߵศɵʱѹӽܷ⡣
ÿ޽Ӷᵽ棬ûԼҪ״򿪡
ôܷ⣬ȫֲסĵĺ棬ĥӲݵĲŰʲô
ҲûֱӾ˵Լơ
ʲô
ڸ˵Ҳ˵һº֪ˡ
ǡЩܳ˰ɣ̽ʣܾðŪַڹһ£϶ᷢùá
ǲܳˣԺȡ
ȣܳԵĶΪʲôѺȣ


245ҵ

ʱúܿ죬ת۾͹ȥһ¡
µ˺ڣһ֮ļڣʳﴢóֵ£ǲš
ǰͷͻҰɯ̣Ҳþûˡ
˵ԵϺܲһҲԴǾͻҲȥɼˣÿ껹вĴ
꿨ûдҵ޻ԡĴԻѼ塣
糿𴲣־͸оѩˡ
ЩӲָĵĽһƿãã磬˲¶ǰδеľ̾ı顣
޴ӿÿһĻֻѸٴֵܵĸǰ͵֣֡ડĽϣ漴ԱߵƤķ϶һ˿ѩ룬ס

Ŵȴ³çײĴϣһʱеر̹
溮̹ǣѩһ˵ô죿ֽŵĶͷ̽ûܶ
ȴɰС첻мֻѩѣҲûô
ЩӣܶÿҪôڴúıӹŲҪôʮƤѣͰøһѧԼÿһ£͸ңػƵģһҲ㡣
УǴΣյʱҵġ
ðɺðɣ˰ɡ緹ǳʲôѽ
ּѵôİҪԼҲˣʲôСӣ˳չҲǸСŮˣϣ۰ǻġ
緹ͳԡ
顪
޵Ļû˵꣬ⶸ˽
𣿡
ĳ˲ĺС
ܲȥάݣ첻ˡ
ѸٰŴ򿪣ڴ̹ǵķѩһɲǣæӵ˹ֵİָǰ
˿ǰɫ԰ֳһ۵ʲôˣ
άܻ᰾ˡ
˵Է̲סˣӵ
ϵˣп³άݵİ֮һ
άһ£Ϊ̫ϡԴԶǿӵжԽµġ


246ʧ

ȻҲʱԼҪÿҲжλ˧绷ƣĲΪģ޲뾡һа취Ǹöð
һϣ˫缢ƿʣôιҲι̰˫ʱͳ׵Ĵ뷨
ûһԾܵùǺҪٶмǲˡ
ˣɫǰûʲôСҪġ
ȱ𼱣ȥ
ſ³ļǰοһֻͷ涣֣ڼԹԵңŴغãҲȥ
һȥҲľǰס޵ְ
һֱڼ͹ˣڿҪһˣȷʵ̫⡣
ô䣬ܺô죿
ԼԲĶƤСǿķģ㿴Ҵôʵһ˿綼͸ôܻܺ˵³ǵļǼҲͼ·ѣ˵ôΣա
ǡ
ޡ³Ĵٴ˲ÿΪ֪άݵȲ˲ųԼ
ðɣȵȵȡ
ʵֲֻ֣ܵĵȥһңһƤȻͷϣԼĿڱʵ˲һŶ
ѩ׺һƬסĵĴƤϺ¶һžɵСðѽͯĳһ
Ҫûôˣһġ
ֵĻ飬³Ϳ޾Եøء
ԵΪҪÿһԣζŸԻҲ£һغ彫ķ١
ϲĴˣΪսĴˣټϱ뿪Ѿʧԡ꣬һ൱µְ
ֵ֮ĺֲ֪жٴԻ᰾ȥ
ˡ
³ѹţ˾ͰŴˡ
հѰֵǷŽȥ³ִҴҵĽϡ
ڿܹ߲̫ãЩҰɼˣֻǿڸɲݶϵάս˫ɪɪϴǵǼƤҲԱһ㡣
ļԣվߣɥĶ
ô£


247 

ǰά˵ѬⲻóԣҪǼɽȥץëޡѩ캮ض˵ץëˣһĻﶼǼֶ飬άݺ͵͵˳ȥǴһһֱ쵽ڣһʳﶼûԡ³ľ˵꣬ͬάݵԣεĽͷõ͵͵ġ֪Ҳάݵ
ë˶ӵһƣֶǿرСƽҪץʮֲףֺοļڣ
ѩɽ߶ʮΣգҪΪһֻҰ÷׷вǻġ
ά޷Լж԰ŻֽҪ
룬ΪһڳԵģҪԼһ룬ԣü롭ȥά˵ͦ˽ġ
ȽϿ³ԶĹ밮ʵЩ䡣
Ҳֲǣάڵȥǳãȥִˮ
޿ҲάԼ̫ˣԲû˵Թ³Լûչ˺ԼԵĻ
տ޵ķԸάݵһղɭȥһˮˮװͲı˿ð
ÿ³ǽάݴһ˷ıһ˳ĺ󾱣Ϳʼˮﵹ
ȿȡ
ά͵Ǻһ֮󣬺ֽȵĶȫ˳
ˮı飬ϡճ̵ȫߵļϡ
Կó³ＸҲ氮άŪˣҲһ
ô쿨ޣˮȲˡ
ǰάѵĻ𣿡
šüͷĿĿһάݵûлش
Ҫҽ˹ھͺˣϧ
˵⻰άݵĵһԼΪάһʱãάݵĸҲġ
ټάݴӦҪԼĵһ̥µʣΪġ
⻰ٻЩ֮⡣
Ͼ˹ǿ޴ġ˹ڣάҲֻ
˵ˡôĴүүߣǴҵ˼³ﻹ׵Եָ𼪲˵


248 Ҷ

άݶҪˣԼܿҪΪޣﱯƽ䲻ָޣȴ³ﳳ
ƽͲ̫̣ΪάݵĻģûһЩԴ׵顣
ⳳųžͿʼҶ̣³˵Ķе̣ƽάݽʱܻ˵άһ쵽µľǸ䡣
˵³ǸάֻҪִʱͻԵ÷ǳ˷ܡû£ϲŪԼ
Щ˵ıϣһ̲ס͡Ц
Ա˲ޱȰ
ﶼ۾˿³Ϳޣ˶ûϳ˭
Ϊ±ƤʵʵԲӣһþ޴ɹ
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ǣͷϵƤȡűصĲǰάݵĶͷ̵ˡ
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ë³һӡ
ԱߵĿȴѵɾϬţƤͺá
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š
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Ϳ³ﰴհ˵ϣһëάݲһιˮһԱߴ֡
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249 Ū

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ҩά˯֮Уοȥɫ࣬Ҳƺǰǰ㼱ٲȡ
³Լά˺תҲûǰǰء
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û緹ȥάݼҰæڶðûˣޱؼңҲû


250 Ľ

緹޼񵰣Ѭ⣬˰ϲҰˡ
ҸǰȴڵԵʳ̲סޣƽǲϲҳЩ𣿡
ǰһάһҸô죿˵գһЦͷ԰ɡ
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׽ʳشЩΪĴ̫٣ԺܶԶṲһԡ
Ҳȫ
Ŷбԭ򡣡
ʵκһԶǰԵ˽ģû˭Ը˹ͬһԡ㣬˭ѡ񡣡
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š
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˵գ޾ͰԵֵɷ˵ľסĴ

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δƤɫɥ֣Ŀ𣿡
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ģ
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251 ˶

緹ֳһš
γȥԼˣҪԼĴԲܺˣԺǵѲֱڵ档
ͬʱңľ
һʱܶò̫ϰߣΪ˴ԵĽ룬Ŵ󲿷˶Ըȥıġ
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ΪʲôУ˵˶ܳкô𣿡
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ʲôϵһ


252޾

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ֻëſſ̱﷢ĵ
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ҳԵʲô
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ϰʳҲϴߣԲŻ
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޺ǺһЦΪڿҲûеı塣


253 Ҫ

Ǹĵļڡ
ĳһ죬ַԼƵѾѾ󹦸ɡ
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֣ҶҪˣ㻹Цʲô䣬ίգ۾ҧ´ȷѾ˱ԣԼˣΪʲôЦó


254 ȶ

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ʵҡҡͷ˵ûСһѵأ
ǾͶˡ˵㲻жǺȾԺȻӦǵһκȣӦǿһЩҲ
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ĪԼһ˺ȹ⣬Թ˵Żģ


255 Ů

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԰ô࣬ҲȲꡣ
ԼˣֲԼȲŹƭĲܶȡ
ˣȥɣ
š
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޼ǰһ۷͵Ĺâ֣˼ǡҲδŮƣ
ĵ˵ͷСĻӦһš֡
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һôǺ˯˯ر죬Ҳ˯ر㡣
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ԴԺ󣬺˹ںʹԽͿʼЩġ


256 غ

˹һΪϲӢܸɡⱲӾֻһԵģڡ𽥷ֺ˹ԽԽ԰ܲġƽû¾Һ˹ܣģҲٽµĴ㡣
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߹ȥʱĪΧһȦΧС
￴ˣæȦжϳһѿڣԷǰ鿴Ρ


257 Ʒ

ָڿ޵ĺ棬ĸʵ̫һڸߴΰȦֻѡżＷ
ʱĪĵһѸɲ棬һ˵ͲɫͨĶŴȼŲս־
˱ŵæʰԱߵĹľԴ
һģԭΪʲôԶġ
˭֪һתͷĪٺȻ͹ڵϴضĿ޺٣ΪʲôҪܾҵΪʲôﲻôϲ㣬Ϊʲôء˵ϲǿ׳ԣΪɽɱ˵᲻ɾԣΪ㣬һ춼ϴ衣㻹ѡ˲棬ʲôõģ֪˶ѡ
٣Һ㡣Űɣһڡ֣ᷢѡĲ棬ȫҡ
˷ˣǿĪһһЦģ̫ˡ
Ǿǣǰүү˷֢͸һģһ
ϧĪٻôᡭҪûкôƾͺˡ
˵ƣ˶ʱ¶ޱȺµɫ
ʶѾƵҲ˵ˣܶǣڷĪ飬˭֪ʲôǶ࣬ʲôѽ
ÿֻһ㣬һʱõʱ䳤ˣ˭û᲻ҲøĪһ
̫ˣǰǶð櫷ĶǷǳûǷǳõġ£ƺЩˡ
߻룬չŮӡһʲôõ˼Ǻ׾˺ġ
һ뵽ǿ޵İˣ飬Ҳû˵
ֵֻһ¾ͱ˺öࡣû˴ǰäĿݣܴһ˿С̽¼ɡ
ֿûע⵽һУֻǶǺĪơǼһȷǺȶˣƺʱʱǿ˵Ͳӡ
ͲӱûζͷЩŭ
ડͽͲӿˤ˵ϣǿ˱壬Щµˡ
ֻаЦΪĪٺӣͦģ޽δεһֻҰֵĺӡ
֣Цˡ
ڴﶼͬĪٵЦԵҲ̫ˡ
֪Դûб˼ȴԸǾСš
ֲΪġŶĪķɧһ˵ǸԣֲΣһĿڲһ˵ŸԼǺֵܣȴֺñ١
һڶʮһֿͣûټ
ǾưɣKTVһЩҹ̯ӡ
ޣôĪ٣
վԱߣĵĶſѯʡ˵Ī⺢ҲųģһȻ³çЩҲǸˡÿɽԣǷǳη˷֢ʵϧ
ϣأ
ͬҲԸö˶˵˱ĪٺôҲΪסô뿪ʵԵЩ
ֱɱпɡ
ֻĪѾûˣڣǵø⡣
ҲֻǳĬ̾˿ֵ⣬һʱҲû뵽õ⡣
ޱȽֵʱʱͨȴǳıٳˡ
ߵĻİ²档
ٱֵ÷ǳŭüë߸ԿޱԼ뷨˼ÿܿ㽫ĪٹѺ
ΪĪһֱںڮͲ棬ⲻٻҪǣٺĪԺ˺ԼΪ̸пĪٶ˾޴ĺ⡣
һʼû⵽˵ǰԾǱ٣Īٵˡ̲ס࿴˶ԷۣҲ뿨޵ĶԻ
ۿĳĬУȷˣΪʲôҪĪٹѺ
ĪٻԱЩ˭˴εȫŮġĳЩϸڿĺϲ٣Ϊı䡣
Ů˼㲻жҲ˵ôĻɡߵĲ棬ΪĪٵĺֵܣȻһĵĻҲûСѹĪٻôԹ޺Ͳ
Ϊԣķְֻ벻߰ҲһĨ⡣ټϰǶһ޶òԽǰıٸеʡ
İ£ǰϲƽܲ˵ʲôȴͬ
ûĪѾ˷֢ǲһٳڴǰġңķ֢ɵġҪԺʲô˺ҵ飬ܸ𣿡
ʲôЦĪҪ˺㣬ͺˡõڣУҸ㣬õĿɲʲô֢ͨľƷѡ
Ʒ裿ҲǷ𣿡ٻشúܲмΪ԰ΪĴҽڡ
ŲأƷֻǶݵģȾҲˡ
֣˼Īٻѣ
͵̧ͷһ˼Ŀʡ
ֺԥĵͷǰģʵѵúءЩǳҲطйýžƾãưˡ
ģʲôʱŻѣ
һ뵽Īٻû£ɼס˰ֵ˫硣
ۣ㡣
ʼ򣬿æſ
ĻõѾƵĶܺáĻҪ˯һ
ô򵥣
ǰ
֣ҹûŴ㡣
޻ϲֱӽֲǰֻĪٵķ֢һֲ֣ĪЩЦԭûûΣ֪Īٲܳ¡
ޣ˷֢˸βá㰢кı£Ҳ˵ôס
ٿðֵӣ
ȴһ۵ҵĴԼ
ɡ


258 

棬Ĵ뿪ɡô˵ĪҲǸСõĻ飬ȹءѵ÷֢Žͫ͸һζǣʹѹ
¶һĨεı飬ֿɬҡҡͷ漴ʲôҲû˵űپһˡ
ߵıٶʱףһ·ֱûáΪԣ˵һ仰ͰˣۣҲ֪Ҫʲôá֪ˣͲѡ¡
٣ˡ޻õġ
ʲôѽûߵǸ𣿵ʲôˣĪ٣ͷȴǹҡ

һʲô˵Ļ˵óؼʱ̣ƨŲһˣУĪʲôʱȹôû˵
ҡ
ˣҵȫ㶪ˡ
ߣ޸ˣĪʵûе÷֢Ҳ͹ؾн
ֻǺȶ˰ƵѾƣһֺ֢֢ɲ˶˺
ڿ޵ĻŽɣǰ˵ģȰĪ̧ؼң˯һ˵
ۿڣĪٲŴӴѹ
۾ͿźöΧĴǰ
ŹֵĶԼֱ㶲գ۵ӣͺԼʱҪֻ
Īٶգ۾ãȻĿ˴һᣬɵ˸ոǸΡ
ʲô˲ˡ˼ĿСץ˹ȥȻ˵Ҫӽ͹
ŵһ·ǰܣžˣں󱳻亹ʪء
βѾҪˣҪôôˣ
֣ȴҲðìܵĸоĪһҲ̤ʵ
Ī٣ˣ
ȴƳĬǰͿˣĪھӡƽϵҲϣĪٳµˣĪһѣͼе֤һЩ
ĪЩĺףŲŻеԵĵ˵ͷ
ϵ˭𣿡
ǰͿ˰
أͿָָԱŲĺ
Ǻ񡣡
ĪٸҷģʷشĪ⡣Ҳ֪ԼôҪ˳⻰ӦͺԤУԼ˳ŰͿ˵Ļʵ˵ͻвõ鷢
￴ûУĪѵģû£ûе÷֢
Ϳ˻䣬ҲĵĽĲӵ˱ϵǰľûģǿԷĺȣûкңûкĪ١
˷Īûаë⣬Ϊ֮˿Ǽ򵥵οһҲͰĵĻؼȥˡ
ǾѺĪȴһͷץסҪߵİͿˣѯʲô顣
Ϳ˷ʣʲô㶼𣿡
ĪãȻҡҡͷֻǵýϣһúܹµܼįЩһԶԼİ£ûУرѹһʱ뵽ϲı١ǰǶкøеģϧȴĺøǲƭˡ
˵رִԻġûһþͽˣǹһˡ
ԽԽÿƵĪ٣뵽˿ǰѾƣ˵İΪƵ֮ˮ
Īһɲã壬ҲֻаĴõ˰ɡΪѰһ˿οͰͲľƵһһڵĺ
ⶫҲ֪ģȲôǶھƵģȫͣ
źʲôҲǵˣĪһͿһѵˡֵǣﻹ
Īٵӣ治֪Լʲôɵı飬Ҳװġ
ͿΣֻðѽĪٷƷḶ́һֲ˵
Ī꣬ŵͼֱһ
ϣԼָоͿ˵Ȼģȴôһӡ
ģôôΣĪٲŻ֮ɫ޲ܵԼ⡣
ںˣȫ˶֪Ľٶòµ˵ʹ顣ųһ汻˿ԺҲκδԻϲġ
һﻹ֪㻹ء
ʲô˼
Ϳ˻һʼӣΪǵ˷֢µòˣǰѿ˹ٻҪҪڰ櫳Χ˵ֻΪƹർ£˯һܺãǵķ֢
Ըոմվ뿴˯ԺӣĪ˲Ȼ˵ոտô֡ôֵĲ˵ԼķӦвԾ¾ͻᱻǰɡ
ûͿˬɵĻӦţĪٷû£ҲͲ
ա
Ī©˼ĵؿڣʹޱٺͲʱȴҲָм櫵İ
Ī٣γ˴Լá˭㲻ú޵ڸҷַѾƵʱ˵ÿֻϼڡãһһͲȹˡ
ĪҲ֪Լ嶯ЩǶԽԽ˼ûй˼̫ࡣ
ȫ̵ͷһϿҵĽŰͿ뺣
Ϳ˺ͺ˺ĺĪ٣ȴĸɶ
Ͼ˶ˣǿڴδԹĶٻЩ֪ǺõģȴҲӱϵ֪һ
˵ƵĸܣĪȻƮ
߰Ϳ˺ͺȻ̫ǵԼ飬ǻǵúָо
ȻͷΣȴƮƮġκ飬λ֮УΧһжòҪ
ǲĲģͺñһ޴ޱȵĵ̰ӣһоˣָоͺ񡭡޼ɵڽһ㡣ˬ


259 

˵֢̫ˣĪһεĳ嶯
ͰͿ˼һܵ˵žӾҲ볢Ե뷨
ϡ
бҼϣһӡ
ůתۣҲ
ʱǱߣߵĳ˵꺮ĴԣȻûһ
һʼǲţ˻޾һ޻ȥӦĴԻŲȥһغ
꣬ΪǸŮӻصߣϸκ
ûȡů޻˵ӦʧزǣΪʲôȴ˳ϣ
ȴ֮Իһ٣ΪλŮڼһ֭ҺʺĹ
ֻҪֹˣԱȣԱܺ
ĿһżĿȡ
治һŮӣĸõǷԾԵһ
ֻϧеȴǿǸ޼һ
Ҫ࣬һ죬Ҳࡣ
ڱƵԶﻮܵ˴ȴѰ಻סĴ
ʣ̫
ŵĴǣҲ׷״żС˵ĵطţҾۼһ죬߻׽ͷϵʭӡڵľ󣬵ǿá
εѾƷ첻ܶ˶ѯʰƵķҲġֱӾ͸˴ô
ȥǺܼ򵥣ҪҵضĹƺЩѡ
ߴңù⿿ѣкöණҲƣһ뵽̶鷳ջǴ˵ڵͷ
޹˵ܺãȥ䡣
ڼƻˣ뷨˵ʹӦˡ
ʵȥֻǿ޵һڣܲ˼ôҰѯƵ飬ֶûʱ˵ˡ
Щûж⣬ǿֵʱ̶ڷ⡣
Ĵףȴֲܷ΢ֳ־ͻС
Ժʿֱ˻Ȼһ¡
ֽ㡭
ԶԶģ־Ϳɯһľ¶Ļ֡
ɯ̡
Ŷ޵Ȼ֪ɯ̣ȿ
Һþûˣȥ棬Ȼȥɡ
˵գҲ𲻴Ӧ;ܿˡ
ԭأģڼ˸֣Ժô˸
ڶԷǴԣҲƽϡ
ֽþò
ǰż²ֳ˲١ðִǣɯ̺ˡȥӦһ˰ɣҪǡûгꡣҲ˵Ժ󻹻ϳ
ǰΪģȴһδȫĶͯ
ֽ㣬ɱѹȻñߣȴ𾴵ˡ
ԳЦЦҲû
ɯ̣ȥѽɯŸӣһֻֻһѼĹǵҪ졣
ɯ̸Ϊ˺ܾõ꣬ɽǱߵľƷǳáڵȡ
˵ɯ̻˼Цˡ
ǰ԰ֳЩˣû뵽ȴ˭ϲЩ
Ҹһȥɡ
ð
˵ЦĵľƷïҰҲ൱
Ұڵòˣ׼ȥʱ򣬰ֺȻƳһϲĶ
ۣƯɽ軨
ɯ˳ķҲƼǰɽϷʢ˺Щ欵Ļ䡣
ϲƯĶɯҲһġ
ʣֽ㣬ϲ𣿡
ͦÿġժЩȥڼﵱ裬ٺò
Ұȥժòã
һɯҪȥժסҡҡͷˣɽ¿Щͣ㻹Ǳȥˡ
ɯ˵Լ԰쵽ɻû˵ڣϾһ
Ұժɡ
Ͱͬʱͷȥ˱ȴѾɽ軨ʢĵطȥˡ
ڶԷֽýûһժ˺ôһ
ѻϸϸֵĸǰһ˵㡣
̧ͷ˶ԷһۣʱԾ㲻ǡ
ԣĪ١
ˬʵĻӦţԼܳ͸Ҳİ櫡֪߹֮Ů£ֻдųߵľ⡣
ллֽӹԷĻԵ˵
áĪ˲ͨ죬Ǵκӡ
˵ϲľƣңȥһһЩǸ֪ͼˣԸ׵˼ҵĶݣþΪ
ϧĪһơʱͱɫæڰֵˡҲٺȾˡ
Ϊʲôѽ
ϴǺȵú˵ֲôá
Īٱ֣ɬȻЦЦΪϴκ˾ƣ˷ǳ顣ΣҲ
Ϊ٣
Ҳȫǡ
ֿɫįֵû㶪ⲻƺӦ
㲻ðοˣҲллĺ⡣ֻǡдԶġ


260ͻ

۵ȾЦĴôҲ֪˵һ¸ҵˡ
ԭ޻ڰǰ佱Լһ³çŵĪ˲ɬȻ
Ī٣ʵܶҲôӣҲûбô顣ҵԼһ룬ҾǿԲһȥӭϱˣҲίԼȥֺǣԼͺˡ
𣿡ĪѯţҲûмġ
ǵģһһССĽ㡣
ĪãȻ̧°ʣʲô
ٳʮֲҪܰϵĺˣ뿴ŻЩҲִϲһЩ˵ˣǰĪپǰԼһںӣĸҪܽԼʰһҲǺпͷġֻǲ֪Լ˵Щܲȥ
ߣܶ˶Լïʢܵ뷢ǿһݡԼóȻҪͺñִһŮӵϲĻױƷ
Īûֻޱ˵˾䣺֪ˡ
־ԼĽûеλǰЩΣͶԱߵɯ̵߰ɡ
ɯ̸յͷĪپٴκסǡ
ȵȡ
ܵԱߵҰժ˺ܴһջ
Īߵɯ̸ǰոժĻ˰櫣ûΪҾʺ㡣
ң
ɯ۵ɴЩ˼Ŀ֡
ȴĵ½ǣͣĳʹɫʾ¡
ɯЩ˼İѻ˹ڱǶţ˵˾㣬ֳĪٵл
ĪʲôҲû˵תǰɭˡ
ɯվԭأԶȥӰһʱЩûع
ƣĪԭǸͦϸĵˡ
šɯӦһĻ΢΢Щ졣
ɫСգӳϵСߣѿ˵Ȼһ˿ССĿɰ
ֲĪٻ˵ֻʺɯ̡
ˣǲǶˣ
ִȤɯһ£ղѾͷò˼˰ɡϾѾͷúܣԼʱ˺Բѵ˵еԡںԼϡ硱ſϰѿøԼ
ûأֻҳô һյ͵Щ̫Ӧ
˵Ժܳ㣬Ե׷û֮ǰһǲԴԲκ뷨ġ
ܿҪˣҪǿĪ٣ȵ㣿
ɯ꣬ߵòͣǰܡֱµֽ㣬ɲҪ˵
ҿΪ밡ĪǸˡ
ɯԽǲ˼ĶԼ־Խ˵˭Ѿͷû޵٩ڷˮתǲ÷Ź

ؼԺ󣬰־ͽĪժɽ軨ֳݣȻͲװˮν֦޼ٷŽȥ
һڿһڷҡ
޺ĻǶ䣬ɢ˵㡣ͬʱһкܰ
Խʽ˵ӺʹǰЩջİ飬꣬ЩڶʮһͣޱܿɹĶ
ԣϧҲ㡣
ֻϧõĸоûά̫áڿ޻Ժ󣬾ͳױˡ
ԭɹ̫ɯ̻ؼҵӰȲҸϡ
Ϊɯ̻ؼңôӦҲڼˡ
һţͿڰŪǺ޵ʻ
Ļ꣬ӳѩļϣ໥ӳҲǻ˱Ȼ
޲˿ĭ漴𼱻ǵ˵˰ֵϵ֣
ֿɳܲסǴͷæüͷƣأѹˡ
Ŷ֪ԼոռЩʶȤŲŲ
⻨ÿȥժģ
ſϣҲ⻨ܺÿЦеһ˵ڲǱߡ
޺üͷһĵĳԱߵɽôͣôԵֵطժ
ҪϲԸ˵ܽȫÿĻժѹòȥһ˿ա
ժġ
˭ɯ̣
Īٰժġ
Ī٣
֪жһĨ
š
ôȥժ
Ƥɫͫ˸˿µĹãٳǻ俴ȥʱȴһҲЩĿ
·Ͱ˸æ
ϲ
ǰͦϲġޣ˵Ժʻ׺ǲǡףôʲô
ûлӦ⣬һѾ;ͲʻŰĹѸپͽӵ˴ȥ
ֿģɴڸѽ
⻨һҲÿҪϲҿ԰ȥժÿĻ
ƭˣո㻹˵ÿġʹܵڣǱĻ䣬һʱŭ𽻼ӡһǷˣҲ֪ôģƢԽԽ
޺ڸո˵ĻӲĳǿոû˵
ŲأǹҪҲԲԣ
޼ۿ죬ֻȭһǸίͰ͵Сģһʱ֪λӦһ˾ýģʮܡ
ڶĶ̫󣬺׵ľ;Ա߾סˡ
ҿ櫺Ϳ޺ڳܡ
˸鲻Ǻܺ𣿡
԰ô谮櫣ôᶮ£ôᳳأ
ѵǵĸҲҪˣ
ɣϿǻúõġ
ǲǰ櫿ʼˣеĴԶϲɡ
Ҿð櫲˰
߹ȥ


261 

ҪǶֱ˵αضԻ
ҧ´ŭȻĳѯʡ
޼ҧ´ƿ߳ѪС԰׵þֽһ۵ǰס
ȴ䲻ĺסû˵Ժ󶼲Ҫҡ
֣ҴвСҶûֻǲϲͻ㡣
顣ڰ壬Ըͻʾ׷֮⣬ȻܣǴͦͶԷġ
ǣԭΪ˼ĪֲǿҪһֻǼҲ㣬Ҳժѡ˵ûֻһˣɯҲժء
Ī٣ġҾȥ׽Ѱ屶׼ٳ֡
񾭰˼ûʲôҪ˼ң
ڰ˵飿
¶һʧ͸ıΪֻվߵģû뵽
ǵһжġ
ǲ
ûвֻ˵ҪһУҶԸ㣬Ҳ쵽ҪκԵİҲҪκԵĺġֻһˣһˣҲ㱻ߡ
ֱͦӣޱȰĿŰ۾ӦûҪ˵ô
֪־סķΧкܶ˶ڰ͵
ҪЩļһǣֻһ˵ġԺ˭ٴ⣬Ȼ
죬ֻһѡ´Σ޾ġ
ֲû׿޵˼Ϊôеġ
ûκ˵ίҷŭġ
ҺʲôûԲ顣˵һˣƷԼ˼˭һҲܲš
ô˵ϲˣ
Ǵΰ˵ĽάԺ󣬿޵ľһֱ㷲ҲĴһѡ¡ټϽԽӴܣ˿ⷽ롣
ǰ죬ʱΣμְ˱ԣǣ䡭
䣬
ѺִÿЦԡĳȴһħһʱ̵ߵÿԶԼǱڵС
ǣ˰ɡ
ֳųţҲٺ˳˼ϡ
Ҫȡֵıµжǿ
ŰֳϣоھһŻҪ˲ըѡ
һضɽҡĺʨ𣬡顪һǰľһ룬ȭͷܰ춼һ
ң˭
ֿſ޵۾ͷ·𿴵һͷҰʨڶŴʨڣƻڲһ
ɵŻˣ˫粻ס¡˭Լ֪˵ó
˵˭
ֻҪ֣ھȥ
ԼǿԸΪֵػ֮һûԼǿô壬Ҳ
ûߣǲõСԵġ
߿Ҳ˵
ֱ޾ıŵֽŷ䣬֪ο޶ܻ˺ԼˣҲܲסǰѹȡ
ǣҲƲסƿ˳ȥ
׷ſڣЩ͵˻ߣЩǲϲԡ
һʱ׾ʧǣоסһһʣǲ㣿
Է޹Ųʣʲô
ҵ֡
Ҳҡſŵɱ⣬ϡ
޼˵СųһѾͽ˳ȥ漴ץסһʡ
ûУҸҶġ
ҲңҸû˵

󻵵׳գɵӡ
İִӼܳקһβͲݣ߱ż·ϵʯӶ
Ͳ֪ö˶˵ô͹
˼Ҷ˵֮ʹ֮ǽ궼һͿʼ˱ԣδҲ̫˰ɡ
ߡСۡ
˵ıԾǴ³ҰûйɿԣڷǵıԣҲ١
һİǰš
ֽһ٣ΧֵĿһۡ
˭˭˵
ûӦȴǰ䲻Ĵܳ˼
ǴķΣ԰ϸ壬ǰҰԣߺǷ棬Ҳѷࡣ
Ϊ׵˰ּ峤ƵףӦѪ׹ϵ
ԱߵɣɽεļƻɣɽġŮӰֺϲժҰ˺ˮԣƬʢߵƽԭ֮أԱ䵥ʱ°ߡ
ƻʩһ£û뵽ڵȵ˽졣
ɣɽΪģԴһĴսмͶ
ʱشȵĶߥޣ塣
Ϊʲô
ֲ֪νļƻֻ֪һֱǾˮˮǳĵ̣ʲô㣿
̫ãǸûȥˡشޱĿŰһһ˵
˲ᵽ⣬æ˼úܺãҲȥ
ش΢յüΪ飬㶼ݣ
ҵ£ܡ
ĵ˶ԷһۣԼ˷׷ǹʣɶԷĿǣͺһվڵߵĳһ
㡭
شȣٸ˵ˡһһҹЩ鷳
شɣɽ飬ɫһ䣬Ƥ֡
ʲô
ǷſҡſңҪȥġ
شȴһĨЦȥĵط
Ҳߣҵļ
ɲ㡣


262 

ʱްѹΪɵԶ˸飬ûҵ˭ǹֵˡ
ĻĻصңֻûлЩʼż
ѵˣʵûʲôϲԡĪǱߣҲˣΪɺϡ
Īٽ˵ָ˵ҲֻǵĹûа˼Īţ˵ɯԳ֤
޲ǲĪ٣ԼҲ֪ԼôˡԴǸԺÿ춼ĵֻߣ̫ͻɹ
ˣǵֻԺٸϴǸɡ
ģԺԲô嶯ˣҲ˵˺ֵĻ
뵽ԽΡ
񷢷һĳ⣬ܵժϲɽ軰ԭ׼ЩǸģǡ춼͸ˣôû
ԽԽסĳš
ɯڼȻˡòò֡
ȥţվľȻǿޡӿȥֹŹ֣Ľ˾·
ɯ̣أ
ֽͻȥˣ
ɫĺ˽ոûҹ㣿
ɯҡҡͷ˵˾û漴ֵĵʣֽѵڼң
ڡ
Ϊʲô
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޲ɯ̣˹Ȯ޹ͬˡ
ŰֵϢ׷Ѱְڲָʧġ
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ʲô˼ֽѵץˣ
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ǲԸţȵҵĵ̣δ޸ҿ˵ء£㵽ŪûУ
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ޣǿɶһҰļһǲκιƶȣϲսĵطѪ뱩һ˿ƽ
ô죿
֪ͨӥޣȫ׷ֻҪֿĿ꣬ɱۡ
ǣ
˸ȥߵɳĮǱҪʱҵ֡
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һϲľסô󲿷޻㼯Ǹط
ϲǴ˴£Ҫô׷ɱҪô޴ȥŻѡ

ʱǡ
ҹľ¥ȻһƬͨ
һʧˣ£ָĦ׾µľ˫ʱüγˮ
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ѩ׵壬ױ覵˫컶˵ķ羰
ǳҪҫˡ
һ̣Գ֣ٸҹͿһĻĻĻ佫ԼĵĲ벻й
һΣ׼ٴվɡʱȴȻçײƿˡ
ʼϲıƼǱתҪѵٶȻ
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˴ȵĻ߳ŭĻͷȳ⣺Ҳ˵ûҵ㲻ҵķ䡣
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䣬ǿűƾͳţһ氫ǽ̶ƿһεľš
磬㿴
˴˾޴󱦲ذָŴ˯ŵ˶ȫǽ⡣
֪Ů˵뷨ֻϧ״ΪʲôԸߡ
˵սʵӲѷɫǰһ
ǻ۵ˣǻȽȫǰ޴Եļһܱȵġ
ڿһɲǣΪԼΡ
ûҲֻεʱŻߣŻԹԵһ
ڳؾ޴ϲõͬʱҲܿˣһжġ
Ƶľ񣬽ɵߵ˯Ĵǰḧͷں˿ϸĴУһɲûʲôҸˡ
ô£
ǿѹԼĺͻֻԼ˵ʮֺ´ƴ˿̵İá
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ǶʲôƵĻЩŭҪذ֣ɲķʽ˺ķ
İɣû¡ڻ·ҪߣȲѲźɣɽֺᣬκ˺
˴״ŮӰҲһ˼İΣŻôżĽ͡
˴ȵĻƵɫŻͲ١
ḧԲ԰׵գз˿˿⡣
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ֻҪһôɣעҲȫϡ


263 쵶ն

峿һ봰飬ַԵֵס۾΢΢˷Ż۾
Իǰİȴȴһͳ񣬸дԵ
ˣ
һľʹӴ۾ûԼĻͱһĨ޴Ӱֶ¡
վǰһˣһźÿּµĶףڵͷڵ۾٣ĺ촽ͺǹŴ߳Ļһ㡣ֲʧ
㣿
εĺ仰֪һﵽҪʲôﰵﶼҪץʲôı
ԤϵԱƲաĵǰѯʣͷ˸˼˿ܻЩ
˵꣬ƾ֣˹İ˽
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ףץ㵽
ưָһͷںڵĳ紵ɢ֮ĳصץ㡣
ЦŰȲ£ĵ˵ɶԷ֪ץģ㲻˶ѡ
Ҳû
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ежȻһϲ˫˵أ治µһȥ𣿡
ƵͷԲɰֺһ͵У
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ҲûˣŶԷҲûҪ˺ͼ㱳ˣСƢ
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ҲǾκˣҲǵֻǲԸΪѡ㻹ǻصҵߣҾͲߣ
ʲô˼ѵϲң

仰ǰֿⲻ˵٩ԷЦ֮ȴû뵽ԷĿһݣɲǼͱͨһƬ
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¡ѵ˵ˣ
·ֱĸоʲôԼû氡ôϲԼˣ
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ϣĲ֮䣬һԡ
ǵģȻˣҸѾమˡ
ᰮΪûҡҲˣѡһ
Ѿˣûġ
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Ļ˳ĬУӿȥܲˣҲûз
ã𴽽ǵһȥıĹ۵㡣ѼˣʲôңһΪʳԼһжϲġ
ӹԼģ쵽ʲôҲûԣȴһڶòУҲٸԷȥϵļһԵĺȵ˶
վԱ߹һЦƷǳǰһС
ƵȰֺ꼦ͳȥˣ ûþ˸ķκЬࡣ
һʼǲԸ⻻ģ·ʲôɼǻǣǾ͵ڵͷǸЭ
˸ͽԶﲻܳȥ
Ȩ⣬˵ݶܳȥǴС㶼Ҫ
һᣬҲֻܰ·ˡ
··ΪСոպʡ
·Ŀʽܺ磬ϵԭʼƤȹ˼ԼšȴɽҰ
ܵ˵ֻƫϲ·òģûôƤ
·겻ãһĴٴ
Ѿͷ·ûа峤Ҫ㡣
ƿţǻļһһۣ˵ģ̫һ
˵Ҳԣÿͳߵͷٷ֮ٵķǹʱڻʵߵ̫
λ鷳´˵һ˵˺ۡ
ʲô
Ǽ˵һơ
˻Ϊ˵滰°һ̧зһ欵ָҲֺǵúܡ
߰ɣˣҵø㣬Ȼ㳤ò˴㻹ǵͷ˵峤˲ˣСıɽȥιǡ
ָ󣬿ڹԹѵʾʵƤѧ˵ʱĹŹǻ
վڸ¥ϵıƣ񵶷ĿһĻһĻȫ۵ס
Ц˿̾ҲЩ̿
峤ˣ˴ˡ
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СΣ·ΪѶΨһвǣܰĳһջġ
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ԴִԽԺ󣬾ûٽչֳռĿ⡣
ǰпߣʱ򣬿Ի취ûʲô÷ĵģû˿ޣţǳ˲ֻŸС
һòԼαװ׺ӣԴֲĵĵС


264 ΰ

΢ɼĶ˶٣¶һڽྻЦα㲻Ҳң
ҿΪȿңˣҸ㳶ЩûõĶֱ죬һĲ鲻Ըİͷתֵҽеʲô
ڨȻһЦֿ˿ܣһޱȺĿǻӦֵ֪𣿡
Ȼ֪ڲǸһ𣿡־ñ˵Ķ̫ûӪˣЩ̲ס˺Ƿ
ԷȴһĿǰгһ
ǹ¥޽ءһ㣬վ棬һСɽķ羰Ϊ޽ⶰ¥Ҹ˽ʮʱ䡣½ΰĽֻͳƬ½ǿߣվ
¶õ˵Ҳվ
ǻۺ͸ˣӦҲػΰĽܳ޽ƣٸʱ䣬ҲĪԣΨһڵ
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ȻȱµĶֶԺҪӰҲóԴ
۾ֻĳƿϴֺõζŲֻҪ㹻ҿԸһߵ¥
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ͻĻش϶ʱ׳ʳ־ʵɫ
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ôˣԡ
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˵գתҪʱķ뿪
ȴһȥ·
վס

ѵЩĶ徿ʲôãΪξͲߡ
⻰ʱɫԵ÷ǳѿ;ɥһӺСʱ򣬸׾ͽ峤ν
Щ壬ʳսֻ˶̶̶ʮ꣬ͽ˿һ֮ࡣ
ұѧϰ漼ܣȻΪ˹½ǿ塣
Ĺ˳Ϊõŷɥ
ԲҲ֪ʲôãǡѾҵˣ޷ǡ
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һ˹ƻӽĴȭ
ɱ𣿡ЦʣѾŵáֱͨͨɱ滹Ҫװ򶨡
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תûһһ˳ˡ
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Űָմӹ¥ȥӭһŲݻĻŮӣŮӿҲʮߵģͷۣƤƫɫȴһرĸо
ֵʱһŴͷŵĽһۡɫ¶һֻŮ˲ܸӦĵ벻
˭
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ɣ׺ش飬˵һŮ쿨޽ϡʮѧ̻ǰҰļһｨ췿ݡ
ɣǲôˣһһŮˡ
η׺شȣڿʡ֪Ϊʲôᵽʱ
Ϊĺѩ׵Ƥ쵰ӣƯ˫δܹ˪
ǹֳγϢͺñǴһģȫԵ롣
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ֻÿ峤峤˿ȥ
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ɣվԭأþöĨӰûл
شȽüҲû
ֱشȵִļϣŷӦ
ɣôˣش˳ߣסȴҲûӰϲ¶˺֮ɫ
ɣޱ˵ҸոտǸ´Ůӡ
شųһĨЦ𣿡ûʵŮӾɣɽġ
ȥ˹¥
ɣ䣬Լʲô˰Ĳˡ
شҪľֽҸһֱĽ壬Ҹ϶Ȣġ
ô죿
ɣ΢죬͵ĳشȵ˹ȥ¶Թޣذشһ
µ˵İɣûҸ磬ǻȢġ
峤

ԷΪѵĿԼ˵ɣɫһᣬǰشȣǴСһ𳤴áһΣǻҶԲԣ
ɣҪشȿɣ۾ЩѹҪȢΪʲôɣȴ˵Ļᡣ
ҲܣԺȢ˱ҡǸŮӲѾ˽Ǿȥˡ
Ҹ
Щ飬͵͵УһҪ֪
ɣ
شȣѵң
ҡ
ɣһ죬ܿȻ
úúãҴӦ㡣
شֲֻЭΪУɣᣬѿܵĶ


265 ٻ

ڸĿһȦĵҲ͸ߵĳ
ιг𣿡
͵ĳԼѯʣЩ̲סĵ˵ͷ
ҽа֣ˣոո˵ǸŮ˭Ҳж˵˽Ů˸ĸо̫ˣ ۣ
ȻҪԷ͵֪ԷݵλƢƷɶġ
ɣ˾ⷽŮ
˾ŮӦúеλɡ鷳ˣŮˣЩ˷ǣһûɶ³
ŰǸ˼ģڴЦǵģǺеλҲ
𣿡
ָָԼЩ˼顣
ͷû峤еŮˣ峤ˣô񶼻᳼㡣
ҿûЩѾɷˡ
ɫһ٣ֵ˵˿ޣ
˵ޣʱһĨ⣺ţ
Ȼ컹ڸ󳳴֣ͱȾɷϣⱲӵҲ
ʱߣһԭʼ½˼ңˣѡ
еĹĪĽǸп޵ļһᵽһ֣Ů˴һı仯ֱ仯ʹȥӹˣġ
ۣǰôһ÷
Ϲŵһÿ÷ֻˮҪˡ
ǰҲѽҲ֪զˣϵ÷ѽ
Ҳû˵𣬴Ա߼һӾܵ÷¿ʼá
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ּϵ÷ûˮϴֱӾ·ϲ˲Ҫݵʱ㵵طΧ˲ٵˡ
һŭĿԲɵĶԼùùͺԼǽʲôĳһ㡣
ǡ
ֲ֪Ҫ˵Щʲôȴǰĳ˹ɫİԼڱһ˿𱸵ôժϵĹӣ
ɡҲû˸ĹժתӣҪȴΧ˵Ƹѹ˵
˳
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ȿȣλ˵ʲôĶţʵһ÷ѡûһͨ¡
ôĵӣ㵽˭˺Ҫƻڴе
ǸϵλŮӡ
վӦҵɣո˵˺ͼæ˹µùûд˾ǰ֡
Ϊ壬һϹƽĪ˵𺦣һвĻ˵
Ȼڴ˵Ψһ֪ģӦþǸŮˡ
ɣ촽һĨǳԵЦҲԸŮ˵İ취û뵽ôˡ
ܺã춼վߵġ
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ǸŮˣֲһ־˻ǵ
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Ը˭ҵ£Ҵû˺˭ǰҲ֪ͨҲҵ֮
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ԣæվɣ峤Ҫҿˡ
ɣһĨĻȣƺһ¾Ҫм񣬴Ҹͨʱʲô⣬ܵ𣿡
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ͨΣ֪⽨ŵĿ¡峤ݶˣҲûᡣ˵ǵУԽȨλ
ߡ
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峤²
£
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֣
ҿŵλŮӡ
е֦˲ָ们䣬̶æվ
˿̵İֱѺһʱһĵط
Сխޱʪﵹһɷùζˣ˸һľ׮档ָյúܽһ¾۵Ҫ
ԤйȻûǸŮ˾Ҫ֪һлô죬Ҳȥժʲô÷
һ뵽÷ôôءǣժϵĹӣѹûԵ
Ҫܱһ¿ڸҲֵģϧ
ڰıԹԼĵùʱԭյķźȻͱ˴ˡ˱ƵӰ
̫ܸоԷıģĪҲҪΪˣ


266  

𣬸ɰ󡣡
ƽŵĵһ䣬ðֲԼĶ䡣
ǣ峤
Ժ󣬾Ѹٵֽ⿪ϵ
ǱսĵطѾ˵ۡӳǽ۵ļϣһȦһȦעĿ
̲סѾɬ᲻ֱʣ𣿡
Ȼ۵ģֻǳǿ˵һ䣺á
û뵽ôĻӦԼҪ˱Ů˱͸ôֺˡǹѺ˴֮˵ʪǰҲ͸һ˿
صˣһֱΪԼڣÿֻǳԺٵʳˮֱһεļõĬǲʸ񱻷ų
һصˣܷŵġǶȻǵʬᱻϿɣʣһѰ׹ٱȥ
û뵽ǻô㡣
̾˿ӵϷΪԼûθС
ȴĵɴ۾Щεǽڵ㲻ңŪν˼ֺοһ֮ء
ʲô
һٻǵ
˵û¶Էһᷢмܲס
ģǻġ
һãǸˣ֪ôܳΪ峤Ҳûеٲһô
Ҫ뿪𣿡

һŻٱܿߡ
ȻĳĬðԭŻȥģɵ
ʿˮʮֿƵʣʲô˼
״վ˳峤ȥΪŭҲǴ˾ˣڷȥЩѡ
Ҫô죿һֱ𣿡
Ҳһÿ˼
ȥ飬Ҫ飬Ҳ䵽ⲽءΪԼδԲĵ飬ȴ̰һ÷صƵط˵һ
ֶʱ˵ˣСȥȴģĺ촽˵Ĺʱʱȥҧһڡ
Ծ˿ĭֵʵȥĿǰҲֻһ취
ʲô취
仰ʱûиеж࿪ġа취˵ˣ϶ﻹҴű¡
µû˵İ취ðָ峤Ƴɻ顣
ֻҪӦ޸ƣôͳ峤ˣеС飬ҲùѺֵطڡȥãҲȥﶼǱߵˣû˭Ϊ
Ǹð취ǳڴȵĿ⣬ҡͷܾСҲܴӦ㡣
תΪʲôѵ㲻
ɾҲҵһ롣
˲գʲôôԣˣ
Բ֪ҡԵ˵仰תȥ
Ϳ֮ĸ飬˵Ҳᶮ֪Լʧ٣һ߾ܵΪˣǸ
ʱΪ˱ȴһһ֪Ǹöİ
һʱ䣬ɣ
ƼԸԣҲûٱ˼ӻ䣬ɫĮĴųˡ
峤ֻǷŲǸ쿨ޡҾģǾͱǸһɱˡ
˵ɱֵʱһºĳԵøĺ塣˵ðģʵֻԼףǼɡ
ͣ½ŲĿҪɱĨһУһõȵڣ
ͺӼԺǷߣġʼΪǣΪŮ˳ֺ
ǰҲ˿յĸԴ
𲻶峤˼ֻ΢΢ǵǴ˾Ǳô죿
취Ƿˡ
ôᣬܴ̫á
š

ιԷˡ
ֶǽ˯Ժʱ򣬺Ȼо
۾Ͽ˿ͼһе
֮ԻΪԼȻ°

ɣɽ˵ĿһҲſ
ֲ֪˷ܸʲôתͷᡣ
ҽɣɽʲô֣
ô˵ҲЦ
öԷʷˣûվʮΪʲô𣿻У˭ԼĳЦ
ˣɣɽһЦ漴˼ͷ㻹ڹ㣿
ȻأڱصҲǰ͡
İɣ㲻¡ڣҲ㰤ġ
˵գɣɽʹĵóɱһֺõĵݵĸǰ԰ɡ
ֻûأžͱ˴³ƿˡ
ɣɽŵæɫصĶһȥ
ɣֺĲɨһ۱ްİһ̶ۣüɣɽɣɽʲô
ɣɽһʱҲ粵Ĵʣ͹ŲӻӦΪʲô
ǴŮҽץٻˣҹӦ
ɣɽĿ鸡֪ܵǰûԲժϵĹӡҪ
ʲô㾹Ȼ˵ѵ֪Ժ㣿ɣŭĳʡ
ɣɽûӦȴǲֹ
ˣõʲô
ûûʲô
ɣɽһһǲѣԽԽáҪǲѶʹ·˼Ҳ֪ǹͳԵġ
ҿ
ɣԵ߹ȥ·һͿ¶ġɻ
⾪һĻɣˡ
ɣɽôĵӣͳԵ㲻֪Ĺ𣿰ˣ͵ͬһĹ


267 Ѱ

ֵɣɽʱˣͣȴɣǺ޼ı˵ڡ
ֻûͷֿȥΪԼ飬к⡣һ뵽صɣҪҲɣɣҪԸһ׻˵˵ĵˣѡ
߶ԷˣȷǰĶԹɡ
ȣȣʳֲһҳԵģһԼأ
־ô˵һ䣬ɣɽһ¾ͻᶮ⡣æ׽һ˵
ûҶˣԼԼϳԣ˭˵Ҫˡ
㡭
û֤˿֤Ҳûˣɣ۷졣
֪ԷκβԼɣɽʼɣ֪֪峤ӵˣصֵط峤˻ġ
ɣΪЦԼ˴͸ֲܷκˡ峤Ҫȥҵĸۡ
㸸ѹ˭ΪҲ֪Ǽ
ɣɽסڡ
ƫ޸峤Ƕ֪峤ϲҪ
ɣɣɽڽ˰̣һǵŰֵңɣʱַּú޲Ҹضȥ
ɣɽɶļһͷġ
ɣ˵òΪηĶ
ֻ˵ʵѣͷң㣬Թı˽²ŻᵣЩɡ
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˵ö𣿡ɣɽתһɫЦеĿŰʡ
ִ˸Ƿûͷһš
ߣǻΪǽΪ۵ġ
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ɣɽΪʤ ˵ûҰˣǸˡ
Ҫû¾͸ϽҿɲٱۡԵģȴٴαɣǺޡ

󡭡
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𴽣ﻮһĨζ
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һֻʨԽķɳٶ֮죬ĸëҪض¡
һҹıڣ·ûие̵ƣ룬Ϊİ֮ˣԸԼֻҪһղҵͣЪ
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Σ¶Ŀ֮ɫ治ҡУ˳ѾܾöûдԳֹˣֺοôĴԡ
ȷûҲûֱԴ֣
޲ĵ׷ʣֻҪйֵϢ˿Ź
ٴҡͷ˵ľʵ˳ǣôƯĴԳ֣һ䶯ġ
Ϊ˳ǱûʲôԣеĶЩֳġұֳϣ߻ػߡ
˭½̫ϡأЩ߼˶ҵ£ֺοޡдԸǣѾ㲻ˡ
ȲѵĽɿЩãȻɳϣ鱯˵ĶԶ𡪡ĺС
־˭ˣڹôء
ġ
ôôû׷ȥΪʲôҪ
ڹͷԲҵ
ԸڸģԸκ
ιʨޡ⻭ϵĴ˭
ԱոջԷĿŶֵɪɪתΣգȴֶŻϵĴԿȤ
ԭĺɫΪӳڣûôÿĴԡ
޳ɱĿһۣǼһı졣ԭߵģ뵽һͷӣԷɱô죿
˸ʨޣȷǱ޸ߵ𣿡
⻹˵Ȼһ·Ѱʲô
Էݶ̬ǺûƢڨڨҸ㣬˳ǿϵλãһסһȺޡҲ֪޶ֳײеļһһûдԸǵġѾˡǰ˵ڰǰ͵ȥ䵥ĴԣһлץߣȻǿǽ䷱ܡ˵ǰһĴ飬ȥҵ


268 Ϊ

ĺɫһŻɫĴĵء
ߵҹΪľվڰߣϷ·΢棬һ˫Ĵĸ֮֡
ɣɫ·ʯͷԶԶͿĨҹɫŵĿӰϸֳ΢΢ɬ֮⣬һͷϵ߲ʷ̶ڴСߵǸ˵ĸǰ
ƣңɣۺɫЦݡҲֻ˵ʱȫĸһ
תɣԼرװ磬ʲôҲûһḶ̫顣
ֺòײŻص壬Ųһʹʢ˥ܴ˷¡ץĪʧ
ҹȻΪɣеڴ˲ȴȡ֮벻档
Ʊ֣ϵ£縧ĳo
ΪҺã档룬Ϊ˾Ů֪ܲ
䣬ǳǳЦЦĿɣ
ҪǰɣһᱻаЦԵߵɴʱΪһŮ飬ȴǱŭŵġ
У˻ץǴҵ˼
ȻһЦлһĨмЩ꣬Ǽ˾һ壬ΪаԽˮ񣬷˳ľǲʹ֡ǵķͷһ֮Ҳ֮
ɣûƻĳ֮⣬ϲ¶˵ı顣
ǰⶼҰͣ˭Ψһһּ֪أ
𣿡ƲÿɷĵɨɣһۣʼϲȻͷչһǰδеĹŹʵ𣿡
ɣɣɫৡһ±ò԰סţȻҪû飬粻˶ȥ£û˭ᰴ¶ΪڣǲܹôƽáǳλˣЩعļһ˴Ĵη壬ȻͻԼС
齵
ɣΪʲôҪôʣҡҡͷûСҰ˵ǲ׿ģͲˡ
ȻΪʲôȷĴڣ
⡭
عҲǾĳͷֻηǿеĹֻߡһеһУ˹˼Ļԡ
ƣ㾿˵ʲô
ɣ˼ĵɴ۾ѯʡĴڣ峤ӵˣôĴڣ
Ҫ˱ˣɣԴ˾֮ŮݽԷץˡǱƣˣҲû
˵ʲôǼ˾һӦñ˭˰֣ԭӦκһ
˵˵ȥΪǸŮ顣
ɣǻĶʻ峤еȨҲεˡھȻΪһɵŮңƣ𣿡
ȹҵҲ
ƻشն·𲢲Ϊ飬Լݡ
ɣһϲæǰһֻΪ˱
Ѿ㹻
ãҿԷһ
˵
ɣٴ¶ǰɬ֮飬ֿͷ¹һŵȢҡ
У
ԷĻش𣬼Ҳšüܾˡ
ɣ˲ͱøһѿҧҧʵΪʲô
κԣֻһС
ôȢȢǸŮˣ
Ĭû˵
Լ˵ܴӦһУԸƭҵġ
ɣ˴ȡ
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Ǹ
ã˵㻰ôҲ
ɣ
ɣ˿öԷκνͣתʯŷˡ
ԭزɽסȭ棬û˵ɣˡ

İ֣Ҳȥˡֱ˸һԵġ
Ĺߺܰκζֻͨ淢ҵʢʳ롣
Ҳ֪װɶʳȥģճճģӦ׷
ڰ׼ץ͵ʱ򣬺ȻһζɵֹͣĶ
Ż~~~
һûԶԭ²ġɲ֪Ϊʲԣŵζθ̲ס
͵ʲôܳ𣿹ζܲˣ˵Եˣ֪ʲôζ
ɣŮˣҲ̫ɶˣԼûҪĥʱ
ñ뿪һӱ
Ż~~~
ָ﷢ģӭƮḯζһٴµ
СôˣζԽԽС΢ŵһЩζƫصģͻ̲ס¡
ˣãֲͨʱʱӵζƮɢ˱ĺ֢
񰡣һ˾Ⱦɡȥ㲻ҲҪζ
Ż~~~~
һ£µ˰ҹ
ۿʳﶼ¿ˣҲȷʵûˣ пǽ΢΢۾
ҹȥʵȥֵ̽
ȶ˱ƣҹŻµƷĲ£緹Ҳûԣȥ
ƿţͿڵϣֽűɫ԰׵þֽƬ
æڻǽǣֽĺ󾱺
֣֡
ҲӦɫһ䣬֪æóǰȥҽ


269 

Ƭ̲ͣľͽҽ˹
Ǹְ˰Ƥ෽Ĳ̽˿
ͣˣ
峤ŮӲûʲô󰭡ֻǳʱûнʳϢЩ鷦߸̥Żᵼʱʡ
ʲô˵ˣ̧ͷһĨ˷⡣
͵ͷٴο϶˵ûԲŻ
ƲŵĴͷȥŻ˶žֽգָĲ߳һѪӡ
˺ӡ˿޵ĺӡ
峤ҪҸЩҩ𣿡ȻҲ˵ֵ£֪˽£˻˵Ƿ˴ҽģһС㲣⻹дϧ
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һ뿪ƾͱҪߡ
ŵĸں峤Ҫȥģ
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Ÿɣؾںˡ
ȥ
βˣĸףԼǼ˾ˡ
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ƿɴӲЩֻֻ֪͸˵˫ܿʲôҪʲô
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ˣҪȥ
ˣ˵Ҳֵñͬ顣
⡣
Ŷ𣿡ⷽ䲻ȵƤ֪ôⷨ
ˣ̥ڸСҪ޹ġǲκһ޹ߡԣڿԴ뿪ȺҲ١
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ŵĻҽʡ˵仰ʱƵ۹ĴɣʲôƳȥɣӭʱֺܲмŲˡ
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ⷽԼĺ룬طһթЦ峤ˣ֪ŮĿ޽¡ôڻģӦҲ˵ѪȻ̸֣޹ԡ̥ǵ¡
˾ҪôͱˣҲȥڳⷽ
ⷽƳһۣ͸ż֮峤˾˵дǳ
ܺã˾˵һҲûСҿ԰£Ҽ˾Ȼģ˵Ҳ֮⡣ˣԭһ
ʲôҪǸŮһ棿
ɣԲ˫۲š
Ҳޱȵü峤Ҫǳ챻ֵطˣ
峤˼Ȼĸ򣬷ǳһºļһˡġⷽЦıƣȴԽɲ⡣

ȥ·ϣɣֱĳ嵽ⷽǰ档
ôͬƺǸŮ˹һأⲻǸøദĻ᣿ԺôϲŮ
ⷽϻһĨóѵЦ⣬ͣ½ŲɣļɵŮȻ˼˱ϣֺοǲ
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ǣ̫ʶȤȻ㶼ϡ
ֻǸŮˣˣƻҵġ
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˵ɣҲ¶һʧǰڲǱƣǸһΪҲҳˡ
ⷽһУŵĺݶǱߵһѣùŲ˶á
˼ǡ
СʱҸǣ޸ͳȨߵˣҲ峤Ǿơ

ߺߣҪ㣬ȫһԸҪλá
ߣٶȽѺֵǼӴɨһ顣ҳϺõ޻ͱ̺ãýྻ룬źͱһ𽫰ַڴϡ
峤Ҫ
ڴϣһɫ΢͵İ֣һš
£ġ
硭硭
˴ȳ嶯ĴܽڴͷıƾץסԷļʣ磬˵Ҫ𣿡
ƻ촽ĿƽûԺ󿴻˵Ĵ£Ҫϡ
磬֪Ҳеġ
㡣
ǡΪʲôҪΪŮ
εĳ嶯пܻʧȥΣ峤ݲ˵пܻû
ûһºǼˡҪ鲻ԸԭڣǴǻҪؼꣿ
ܰȥ岻ãָΡ
ΪɣЩµʱ򣬿Щ
˴һĿį磬㶼֪
סɣһĶԴˡԺҪ࿴ס
硭
ȥɣﻹдµ㴦ʱ˷


270 ڳԵ÷

ʱ򣬺е䣬ܵĽͷҪֲֹʸУ˭֪ǻʱͱͻĿɬ
ۣÿ࡭
ֿð־Լҧ˿ϣͷĿɢ˭֪ζδʧһ׿Һ֭ൽ˺
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ǲẦķӦҲû̫
ҩ
ƿѪѾָ˵Ҳú֪޴󰭣㽫ҩˡ
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ҩǸȵġ
ǺǣǸЦ𣿡
ιˣǸȵġͺñͱ˼һȴ治ɫ˵⵶ͱģֻķ̶Ȱˡ
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˵̥֣ɫ˲ЩΪеĹѪٻ뵽һˡޡ
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룬ʱбġֲǰô÷ŵֵζµô
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ûǰֻһˣԼ뷨Ҳûʲô˵ġǻ˱˺ӵˣҲӦ˰ɡô˵Ҳһ峤øߴӢ¹ˡôҲҸƻŮϣԼģѹͲִֵš
ҲһƬȰɣ֪ԷһҲûȥ
ûϵֻҪԸһҿԽӡ
ʲôϲҲԸ
ֶʱе찡˵ʲôã
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ֿǰգЩ˼һ治鷳ΪκˣҲԼκ벻ĸ顣
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ʱȴƮ
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̧ͷĿЦ
˵ʲô˵峤Ըġ
Ϊʲô
ȻΪչ㡣

һʱƿԡ
ôôɵһСϣ˹ɵӣҲΪ˺ֺܶõ顣
ֻϧ⵽壬Ҳûټ
ʶ͸ֻǵѣһֱŴڲϡ
Եʲô𣿡
ߵǰʹ˲˼֡
ֶЩįӰȥģţһ
ԷӳŽɫҫ⣬˵˵θڻãҪʲôҿóȥá
˵ԡֵԺֳǿþ޴÷˿÷
ͣǿ˼ҵΪűصҪٸԵģƤ˰ˡ
ȿȡǸ÷ĵġ
𣿡
ô֪
÷ôĶ㶼ϸȥժ⻹˵ʲô𣿡
峤Ȼ
ֵͷЩ˼
ȻһЦߵſڣĳ˼䣬뿪ˡ
Լһʱңֻˡ
ӲŵһСƽ˹档
Ǻܶȴ˹ȥ
ֻ޽򿪣Ȼ¶˿ſŴСëɫ
⡭÷
԰ɡ
һ˵һĵİѹӵݵǰ
ȴܵˣżⲻǵô
ģһϵġ
ԭڱժģΪȥֽءɣ֪Ҫϴ鷳
ķ˵İ֣æһ÷ŵһҧɬɬĸоǰˡ
ǰǳԲڣžôθڡ
𣿡
š
ҪҪóٸժһЩӻ
æҡͷòãոպá
ԣﻹкܶš
ллơ
תû˵ʲôȴһĨůʡ
ԭԼϲ˿ģҲôֵøˡ


271 Ĵ

˳ϵĵļˡ
˵½˵ǽΪº͵һ֡ǲϲڵ
ȻҲ⣬׺ݲбƵޡ
Ƭʵǰǹ޺һЩ޵Ϣأ޷˴羰ˣ㽫˵ǿưռߣѡԹ롣Ըȥߣ¾
̸޵磬˳ǸļľޣǳΪ֮񡣿ϧǰһ̫ײУһȺǸɲǡ
ö֮һһԡԼסȻλãͰռΧüˮԴ
ҪˮҪӦｻС޾һˮȨ
˳ǵˣֱ۸øŭԡ
ȥ޵ʱһ·ϻˡ
ЩĸطϷɵģģˮεģеصġ
ǵĹͬصûмңҲûиԼϿɣҲκα˭ɱǣᵣϰΡ
ЩȺҲǺܿġ
Ǻܶʵûʲô󲿷ǵȸ˴£Ȼ˷ϣˣõһϸǽϵĴԣȻ汲ΪȺͼˡ
޲¶ԼݣǻǵУûйذʧٵ顣
ǰһѹͲĴϣȻһ¡
¿̫йʺˣôȻҲҵϲһһϵͿշУһ߸Ľʺ޵˵ϴ¿顣
еҲŷ˰۵ǰ˵ǸԻûǳ
˵ֽ࣬ٶȷŻһЩ漴䳯ʵ
ǵûУֻ˵
˵Ǹϴɾޣ
ǰ͵͵ȥ¿סȻ͵Ǹһۡ
Ŷû¿֣
Ǽһúᱻֵġ
ٺ٣ҪǱ¾ͺˣҲǰȥ¿λСԳʲô
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˵¿ĴԾģ
˦˦βͣһʮֱĵܴ׼ġĴ˭Ը޽£
ҲҲǡ˵¿ģĴԶᱻȥ
˵Ǵӹ°ġ
ɣʨ޿޵ĵ̣˭ȥ
˭֪أ¿ǸӡָܲҪȥ¡
֡
һ֣ûİ¿϶֡
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ķɳñȱŭo޾ŭҪͷзļһ
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ֻŽ̸ļ˲䱻һ
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Ŷոһֱһͷʨ޸͵˵
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ѵҲȥι۰¿Ľֳ
ʱҡͷôܣ˼Ҹߵ޲ŲЩءǡ
ʲô
ǰ¿ߵĴԣǴӹġ˼ȥˡ
ܡ˵ͻȻ˷ܲѵԼĳ򣺡̣㣬ӦкϷˡ

ް¿أۼ˰ˡЩ˴಻ͬ壬ʱ֮Իһֻۿ¿ĴԵǳʲô
һĲԸ̤Լص¿쵹ҲԵø󷽡
ǳ½Ľأѵġʡ磬ժΧҬƷ
Ҫǰɶнġ
޾Щ˵УɫҼѰŰֵӰһðʧçײЩ˱ŪôʳñװĹ֭
κЩ˼ӿ¡һ֮ɲʱŭԵı֮⡣
֡
Ķ
֣ǿޣˡ
ۿڵĵطұˣûпֵӰһ˲䣬Լյϣֻû޾Ӱ̲סĴ
ѾҪʧأæס
侲Щŵ𼱣һҵġ
¿ģһ°֡
ޣڲȷǰ¿°˰櫣ǧҪס޵أ˺ܶ࣬ҪߣҲûȥȰȱ
һÿ˲˲١
ǰֱ°⿿һ֮ǲеġ ԣҪľȷʵǴݾߡ
ιµ𣿡
һ˹ɭޡǰ¿ֵܣľࡣµӣôǰأɲ˽֡Ϊ˵ֻҪֺãԺ˵Сһ
ǰһ￴ȥ̫ǣΪ˵õԵǹվ˳
ںʱľע⵽˿ޣϾһǰһվǺȺ˲עⶼѡ
۴ķǰһ̫ࡣ
ҲΪһ㣬ľŷΪܹ졣
ҪôڴڵʳҪô۰¿µ顣أʲôûǲͣߣ
ˣոջԼ֡ľ໳ɣһĿĺܲ˵ǸǼҵĴйء
ⶫǿġһһôĴԣľȻø߶ȷ䱸


272 ģ

֣ˡô£Ǿǵء
Ŀ޻¶æǰİľļ¶һѩ׵Цòޱȵϵ
ľպĻŴǡ漴һҸǣȻصģǾʵһ㡣ҸϾҪĴԳҼˣñסһԵ˷ִ֪𣿡
æͷ֪֪
û˵һ˫ͫȴϬɨɨܡ
ѾˣֻҪֳ֣ͻƴΪǾһֻһ
޲òªԲбǲƴԣ֡
ޣ߰ɣȹȥ
Ӧ갢ľ࣬Ϊ˾Сӣ˶ĵطȥˡ
Ĳɵ˻˵죬һ߸̾˵Ĳһּʰ¿ĺˡԹˣҲҲ˵.
ʱͻȻ쿴¿ĴԳˡ
˲Ⱥʼ䶯޺ͺҲ͵ǰ
ǰЩһ̫ҪˣΪĿԣ޲Ӭһ˹ȥ
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˸ĵλվţλòҰãܿһ
Ҫλվţ˵类ȥˡɿվһȻƣû˸ҿ˵ˡ
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¿ŴǰһЦȴĵܵܰľһкܶ裬񱻴𿾺һ
ⳤ࣬дҪһ̾
¿ȳ̶ֽ˸˳
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¿Ҳ̫С˰ɣȻ˲ǿ
ǾǣԵǹ͵𣿵ܿõ
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ûûǲ˼һӾͿǶûȤĴԾҪ
⿴ʲôãֵòš
쿪ޣأܶ࿴۶ˡ
Ŷϵĳ֣оԼڵѪҺѸͨĿ¿ֳ粢ż磬Ǹһţͺһѵһ
ޣǸԺ񡭡
˵ԷĸоǺܶԣȴһ嶯Ĵϵ֡
ûֲֻŻԼͷ߸ŵӡԻ˵Ǽеͷ
ҲֻᴩƤȹʱ򣬽λϵһƯֿɰĺᣬȿ͹ַǳƤɰ
뵽⼸ձ޴״޵ȸֳء
һ룬ҲûйԥֱӾͳܵ˰¿Ͱֵߡ
˵ľУһ˰ֵֵ㲻¡
˭Ȼﵷң
һġΰʱܻ˳˹ѿץסʱ򣬰¿ߵĴȴأԽסӵҶҿ̶ȾȵĻޣô
ϤӶǱͻȻͷһˮ
̧ͷ˿ԷޱȿưֵĴȴԯ޵ɽӲ૳֣
ûҪ¿µһֱ֮ԻᵲԼһֶصظУĳʽԸرģ°ֵװ磬Ϊڹʱʹĵ׼òһС
ɷϣÿֻһͷǳĺÿԵòӳţʹüΪƤɰ
ϵĺᣬѧġ𵽵׺ãʹرϸ
ô㣿
޴ʧɿ֣ﷺİɥõһ档
˵⻰ʲô˼ϧ˳֣ǰٸн˵ӿͷ
֪Լ䵽޽£ҲΪ޵¡úԹһ̼ôϣܴԼ뿪
˭
¿Ǵҫģſ޵ͻȻϣķͷȫȻ
ҪǿǾʶ˿̻ȭͷԴ
Ϊ޴˴רųЩ¿ǿޡ
ޣö֡
¿˰죬Ȼǹ쿨ޣ
һĪĽеͷǵġ
˳ǣ˵ѹֵطˣӦþֻ˸ԭΪ
ûԼүүߣһǺˡԲŻᵽֻϧ˵;Уүү˹򾭲ڣȥѾá
ֿޣҪ־͹ְǸɶŮˡԻ˿ޣԻˡ
ǿޣ˵쿨ޣ
ԭֻŴɫЩˣʱڡ
ǲƹߵͳ
˵޵У˶򲻹
֮ǰҲ㽫ȫ
˴ʿҲĴӢۡ
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ͼޣȻҲԼݵĶ󡣶Ǹˣǿޡ


273 

¿ǲһô˵Ҳĵͷߣƽҫˣ˭ûмɵ֪ǸǿļһڵĳԼò׵Ĵԣ¿Ҳʾġ
¶ɱĵޣһŲ˦һֳ޴Ļɫββһ׵Ƶĳ޵Ŵȥ
޷𡪡ʨ͵һԾĶ˶ԷĹ
¿͵Ϯɣ˲ڶ޵ĳЦ
ƣǿʿⱰɵİ¿һ𡣡
ǣ¿Ҳ̫ˣȻô˵ʹС
ɲԱλĴϹ۲Żһ𡣡
ⲻõۣ¿һںںģָ޲ޣ֪ǹǿʿҵĵ̣ҲҵĴԡҲƴ׵ġ
¿Ļھ濨ޣһ˴򲻹Լһϵġ˾ǣҪԶ١
⻰ŸһλⷢŴ̵վ˳¿Զ٣ҾͱϿ޶Ը㡣
ûһٶˣѵ弸ʮ˲ɡ
ԶԶԣʱ˭ù
ɲʱ䣬޺׷׻ΣһҪ¿ɵ׵׼
Щ֮ԻͻȻͬİޣһΪոհ¿ıʵ̫ˡڶҲƽ̫ڲŻڵǽƵľ档
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Աɬĳ˹ȥеԣߵĶһӦ
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Ƚϰ¿ľȣɫΪѿֻ첽޵ߣԹĿʣ㲻һȥģ
뵽ڹִ£ֻޱЦһĸ˻ٻȥʸ񣿡
ΪңΪʲô
ĳ˲ʣ벻ĵڶɡ
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䣬޴źصķﳤȥûһҲ˿ûлͷ
¿ðľ׷ȥֿ޺ͺˣΪ֮˿
Ķû˼
Ҳ˵
֮ԱΪһŮݺֻްĽ⵽Ůӵļʣ뾡취¸صүү˹Ҳˡ
¿ʱʮߣҲӦԺл˻ǸŮӡڿ·˵ѡΪո޵ӣƺͲ⡣ʲôϲҪϲǲᶪܵġ
ߣߵʱҲĸԱЩֵޡ
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ٺ˷ϣȴڸġ
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һʼϲ뼤˿̵İ¿Ե䵭ࡣ
ƳЦٵһֻۣӦһŶ֣㲻ٶԡ

޳޵أֳֳ޾ãʹࡣ
òΪһ˿ϣȴƻˡ
֡أ
ޣԵ㶫Ѿܾûʳˡ
һֻɳߵݵǰ
ɳߵζ䲻Ҳû취
ΧһƬɳĮҪҵõʳҲǷǳѡ
԰ɣùҡɳɥĿͷĹӥҲ֪ͿǱϢûС
еģԲȻôȥҰ櫣֮Իһֱſޣûзͷжǵ
⼸ΪҰ櫣˶ˡ
첻ԶҲ˯ֻҪйһͷѰҡ
ȥǿҲǻ˵ġ
˵㲻ùң
˵һž޴ʨȻ֣žŭʹΧޣһߡ
ֻʨ̬֮ûг̫ãֳֻΡ漴һΣε޾ɳ֮ϡ
һĻε̾˿Ҿ˵
Դ򰢹ʧһһֱòԲͷԼ
֪ĵżǹʲôãԼֺ״̬ôܰѰأ
ιˮʶֽǿõιԡ
Ź˺üʱŻָ
ָĵһ飬ҪȥҰ櫡
ֹäĿѰңûҵǵļ
⼸죬˳ǶˣҲûְ櫡컳ɣǲ޸°ߵġ
һǲСģʧɽأ
²⣬Ҹ߿ޡΪҪðˤˣҲӲˡ
ߣҲǲϣֳµġϾΪǰһ帶ô࣬ô


274 

壬
ԴӱصǸطԺΪ˴ĵʱ䣬һ㶼˯ҲΪǻеԭ򣬱Ƚ˯
ⲻ˯ûãƾͻ緹
һʼ뵽ΪԼŴֻǾЩⲻȥ
֪кôˮƽʹƲ١
ǰûڣԼԵĶȵĺʣģأٻ˳Եġ
ϰշŵһС⣬ˣһ׷
Ӳĵġ
ڱƵĴߴ£ӼһЩ˷ŵ
׽һ۶طòͳģ
޵ͷţôˣ
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ƿƤһЦ廹㲻֪飬˽𣿡
ּ۳ĿԼһֿԼ˵񣬵ҭסˡ
ȿȡ
ĴǺȣƱϾĺ󱳸˳
ԣҲġ
˭ʳѽֻǱոǸŪòڰˡ
˳극ԲƤоŵЩܡ
Ϊ˯ˣȥޱ
ŪҲ˯ˡ
ƶ˶٣ͷĿ
˯˯˳ԣ˶ҿ϶һӵġ
ɫԹСøһ׵Ҳǣߣ
˲ЦãָָǽڣضŶ󰡣ŸƨһȦôߣ
ɬȻΪԼΪеЩѹ
ɣ档
壿ƴδʣһʱԵãȻ޴롣
ֽͣһִϷܿġҪĻҽ㣬ܱһֱµĺá
á
ڴӦʵҲ뿴һֱ˯һ㻥
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壬Ȼ˵˸ֹ˾ڷµòֺ
壬Ҳʹĵ£ЩȤ

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ɣصУһͨƢҡ
ҪǸŮˡ
ΪʲôԷ
˴Ϊ쳤᲻ĲͬΪͷۡ
峤λãκ飬ҪΪԼ뿴ͻɴ
ǰÿζ˵ޱɣΪ峤أᣬжôĲס
εǰϦϵأǰسϵ˼
ǹ˵˵ʵԶϡ
˴ȳͷ쾾ϵʱķͻȻƿˡ
ⶨһɣ
ɣôˣ
ɣһЦŷ˴ȵĸǰ͵Եġ
˴һЦ˫ллɣˡ
ɣǣ𴽽ǣЩ̫ȻĻӦȻΪ˭ǹϵء
ãҸպ㡣
ʲô⣿
˴һҧһڳԣ漴˵˽糤ǵ¡
˼ǣչʳһЩӡʱǵǶʳȱ⡣
Ϧϵǣ¥ôԼĿΪչʱڣܶŸɻ
سϵ˼ʹ෴Ϊ¥ʳǴӦõġһֻ˻ЩʳǷǳҪ
ԣ޳ɷȻʱǵʳǺܶȱҲԶֻҪͦһ£һоͻӭж⡣
ɣΪҸ˭ģ
˴Ƚһˣȴûͷ
ɣŹЦ⡣
ͷЩϵı飺ҾӦسϵġ
Ϊʲô
Щֵ춼˵Բ˭֪Ǽ٣һ˽ԶڻʳأǸͲ֪ԣ¥ܸǡ
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˼ǣ뿪¥ɣЩ˵ʣ¥Կֻ峤СƽַʳκΣҲǴ˾ȥ졣
˴ǲôﰤ¥ҪǰˣʲôµĻ治һ仰˵ġ
ҪǴھͺˣһ뵽˸İ취
˴̾ţԽ峤λò
ɣȴһջǰֵ˴ȣǴ紦֮£òԣ㲻ҪˣͰȥɡ
ɣҸ峤
峤λֲǲܻˣֻҪˣһ˰ңء᲻ԭ⻹Ǹԡ
ɣʲô˼˴ȷץסļһżĳʡ
ɣæ鿪ͷ֧ûʲô˼ΪǸ֣Լڸʲôֻе߶ѡ
ϲǸŮӣ͸ϲһΪ㣬Ҳġ
˵ģ
ɣȻ֪һУɻǼװֻϲӡ
š
ҳΪ峤𣿡ɣϷʵķʣʵ̽
棬һ˵˴Ⱦ;
ɣ㻹޸Ҹ𣿡
ҵ˼ǣҲԳΪ峤
УҸλáôܶһУңҸʤβˡ
˴ȣ㲻ԼҰܰ㣬ֻҪ峤˶Ҫǵġ
ɣɴ۾ڿвͣ棬Ǹȵףûס˴ȡ
˵ףһʼšڣˡ


275 һɵ

ôӮˣۿƵĺ彫ԼİΧõˮ©ֲٵĽִ򷭣ˣ˲ˡ
Ҫһ֣㣿
Ƽһͷɥģο֣ټĴ㡣
ոҲ˵ġָɵɶԷһۣΪԶŸеѡ
ԲһᶨĿ֤ո˵Ҫģÿؼʱ̣ȴ̲סν壬ֻһͨʯͷŪģʵڶȴȤζ
ǵһνӴණһʱЩҲ޿ɺǡ
ɲƣΪֶСֻǾԼʵЩҲס
ԼŽ̻Ŷðܾһʤˣ ʵڡ
־úܶˣ֪һôԼͲˡ
֣ұ֤һӮһκòã
á㻹ΪϡӮҸ㣬ǰҲǸĸ֣䣬ȫԭġ
ƲĻм٣İͷչȥʲôԭ򣿡
ԭڻˡ
У
ûо׻һɵꡣ

Ȼһ֪顣
ô㲻ţ
šƿĿɰģɵõͷ˵ʲôҶš
ᶨĿǣŪðַԼˡ
ȿȣ²㣬ٽһ塣ҾͲţһһֱ䡣
ŰֳܵĻʣʲô壿
塣
壿ʺš
˵һϷҪ̲ʤôһֿϷֻҪã˼̫࣬ͿɵӮԷ
룬Լ̲Էѵܲ
ĵĸ½淨ĵĹʱȴ˽
Ŀ˰ֵϣûнӴԭƤƱӰˡ۾ҫ۵þϵǡĴǣϹճһ˵СΪеԵʣȥЩ°΢΢һӤʣԵԽɰϲ
ԵĿһŲĽĿơ
ԿóƵҲ൱ϷⰻȻĺ⣬۵׵Ц޾ţϢȴǰĿʡ
ǰ峤˵ʱޱ顣ϲйϲŭ֡ƺÿһ峤ˡ
ֻбףвŻź
⼸죬䱻¶ЦݣȴĶ˺ü
룬ȺͰֵֹطҲ峤ͬɡ
Ӧ˵̽ӣһͷͿ˳ĽĿԼֻжеĳЦݣָɫʲô£
еߵƵĸǰϵ˼䣬ĵĵ⡣
šüͷ˼Ƭ̣ŵͽ¥ˡȡ֮˵£ȡ¡ʳճɣҪɵĹ⣬Ҫȡ˽
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Цʲô
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һûµ֣һĵĿǻӦЦһ֮صˣȻҪˡ
Ҫ뿪ʱԡˣ᲻ȫ
˵Ƶ
ҲʶԼСȻо̥ǡһ뵽ﻹҲ޲ƴһеҪ
㣬ǻҪضã
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һºļ䣬ܻԭ£ɳȥ
ԭԭǣҪͨʲôָʾ𣿡
һӵվɫĻӦָʾֻᴫݸ˾Ȼɴ˾ηǡ
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Ȼ㣬򡭡Ҳߡ
ΪεĻشðΪ侲˲١
óǱƲǡҲЩΪ
Ǵ˾Ȩѵô峤ӣ
ܾ˾һһֱӡڼΪūרΪ񴫴ּ⡣Υǵ˼͵Υ˼ʱ󣬻޾ֻ٣Ǻ⵽ǴὫǵĻΪ
ޣʵ˵һЩƭӡǶʮһ˶úܣ˿ûôǲ˵ĵ˻ͨᱻŹ򡣡
𣿡Ʋ˼ĿȻ˸Ҵ˾ˣǰδš
ȻҲѵЩļһչ鰭ڶ෽ضûܴﵽĿġ
ǰ˵ɱ
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ΪʶǵĻԣҲܽҴǵİϷȻȻģҲˣҲͳ˹ֵ˺򡣡
һϲǿʲôµϣǰץסֵֵܽҴⷽİϷ𣿡
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ģֻҪңһ㡣


276 

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277 ָ

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ʱʣ˾峤ǷԴȥˣ
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ⷽűƲԴǣɫ΢΢õ峤в˼һֲĴݸ֪Բд˵ɣǻ⵽Ǵ𡣡
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ⷽһɿˡǷ׷¶ֵ̿ı飬ϲ˵ĵĻһʱ䣬漫Ϊҡ
ߵĿһĻⷽƭң޲ȥĲӡԽԽеĿ־壬Ϊ档
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߶ƿԡ
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278 

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ԶԶԣͬϣΪʲôֻǼҵ˲ſԱָɣǾͲԣ
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ָɴ˵Щͳһͷˮⷽ˸ŵĹ̶Ц˱ơ
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279  

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280̥

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283 ˫

Ӣʱ򣬻ˡλ˷ֱĸӣҶԽҲо顣
˽ڰֵĴ߹һɴȻŽȹӴӿ¡
ͺͱƾվߣһ̽˵һָǸô
~~~~~
һԺͻȻץס캰
Ӣæ˫ѹסСȣڹͬʱһֻȴסƤعһ㡣
վ棬Ľļ٣¶ʹ֮ɫ·ȰֻҪƵġ
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Ҳʱһʹȥֻһᣬʲôڻ䡣
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ԵĿ֣ȴһȻ¶ڱ棬ȻմȾѪۣҲʧΪһԵķ⡣
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ͷϸһԼƣֿ˿ƱƣϣѽҸ㱧һġ
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ԱҲЦǰȤҽҪҪű
Էһע⣬æҪһ
ŻСòﲻˣǹԹԵģǳ᲻áתͷһǸһģһĹԱ۾޺ˣɤҲˣһɵҲʹӦˡ
תһ˲䣬ֵ鷢ˡ
ڱıˣصͻıȴʼ
ĿĶһĻһ֪˵ɶ
ձƵĴЦͣҾ˵ɣһŵ˺ӡϣһҲӶԷ˹ɲʱǸܵϢٵؾֹס˿
ͿһĻٵĴͷ
ôɰıٶ౧һģϧȴᡣ
԰ԹһͿɥȥּѸٷ̵ҩȥˡ
Ʊޣɾ͸ʮߵֵĸǰ֡ٿǡ
ֵͷСڱƵı޲֣˱Լָͷ΢΢ۿľ۾Ĵ硣
ֿӣ̲סοЦЦǺϲ㡣
ǰҸǺͶԵѾǰҵ˸װɡ
ӭӣû뵽˵εİŲװʲôҲûͷ춯öġ
ЩӣƶĺãûмǡܹѾһˣһٺãȴҲı䲻ʲô
ʱľǣܾҵȻͱ뿪һĿڣҸһ롣
֡
ڱƻ˵ʲôʱȴӢ
ˣѱι̰ɡ
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޽Ժ󣬱ֻܷº㬵˳ȥ
ۣƯ˫ӡ
ڱӵһ˲䣬ͿװŴŴ־ɵģĽ


285  

ˮȻһ㣬ûӾͶιˡ
Աıʼ뵽˯ߣ磬һжǶİʲô˳ԣ˯
ްѱСķڰֵߣӿȥЩǱ㲣ȴҲ˿
ֲñôƯԭǵĸҲƯ
ллҵıιָ̣Ժһᱨġ
Լĸ׵ʵЩʧ𣬺ӳġһڷǱ˸ġǰƤڣ̬Ůˣĵ׳˸м
ҲǸѵˣͻӻֲܸôƯıι̣ҵҡ
ǿװ͸ѩһԼҵӳûɹ̫ڵȴ̼һ
ÿĸ׵ˣ˵ĻĪڱ˶ԼӵĿ佱ǵһΪĸȻҲ⡣
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ǺǣȺúϢҼӱȽڣ뿪̫ãǶٹô
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Σֻûȥҧҧ촽ȥé
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ıҲѵõЩ죬ܿȴֽŵ˵Ÿո걦˵ΣյʱòҪż硣Ҫڷһʱ䡣
֪ģΪڶʮһͣһĲ꺢Ҳһµӡ
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΢ġšһͷͳȥˡ
ҲûԶĵĵš
İּûˣæľͿʼ½Ȼȹտʼ
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286 ִС

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ԺǴ󱦣Ƕ
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ӢЩʡ
ȴɬҡҡͷʱȲȡɡ
ΪӻûмףԺ˿ޣٺͿһﺢȡ


287 ι

ֻһʱ䣬ƾһŸǰһģһС
ȥ˰סǼӣ̫̫ģšڰƿһɲǣͿһƬѩ׵ظ
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һʱޱȣʶľͽظӱﳶ˳ˮڿռ䡰̡һɫϸߣĻһڱϣ½볶·ڸǣ˭֪Եһ벢ĵıȴСֿ޵Ъ˹
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ҪǾ鷳ҿ԰ϴ

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˺ܾãֱֳʾһԼе
Ѷذпڶ׼㷢βĩʼˮһһһ¸
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һӣҪ÷磬Ҫ꣬ûʲôҪҪġ
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288 ú

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˭ŵѪҺ

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ʲôʱҲôѶˣǿ޵ĺӣ㽫Ǹǻǻصǵߣӹ㡣磬һΰɡ
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֮ѵýһܺͺøУƺһ̵Ȼ޴棿
ۡ
ۡ
ӵĿٴҵֻͨӤޣȴʮֵܡоʲôĸƢΣϵÿһΪĲ
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磬ԽԽˡ˵̫ͻ˱ųܡ
ѺӸң
仰Ǵѹŭ˳ûκһʵԵ˺Ȼ˸ܵΣߡ


289 ˽

ѹ˴ջεĽӽ˱Ƶ
ӹӵıƣ޵Сϣһ˲̳ɲʱֻԼǴķǱ˺ݺݾһѡ
̧ͷƳ˰˵ܵ˴һۣѧŰƽ屦ģһߺߺţҲнҡ
˴ȿ⸱ģĻа峤磬ȫͳ޵ıķ
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290 Խ

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291 

ܳһʱ䣬ƶûȥָڳԴö棬ȴδаȱҪˡ
ֻð԰ܵǣÿ춼ſ棬Լڸʲôʱ̶˼š
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ԼıŪĶóȴһô롣


292

⼸θûǰôˣԵĶҲ١ΪǳǰЩʳ¸ʳ
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²ɣȥ˲١ԭеӤʵ¿žʲôһƵġԵԽ̱˼֡
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ܣ
ޣһжΪ㡣㲻֣ԳΪƵӣֵһ㡭Ҵõ˵ҲŹ㣡


293 ޳

ּһ˵һ߷ĳԼƽŵõϵ볯˹ȥ
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СѾˣﵹӳɣɷŵáֱۡޡСֲסڿкһ裬·Ҳһĸ׵Ļӻ

֣ɱûϵҾɱһӡ㳢ʧȥ˵ʹࡣ
ҪɣҪɱɱңҪұ
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ߵʱѾˡͷɢɣƵߵĸǰ
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ЦҲֿС졣ɲʱ˳Ŀˮݡ
ֵĺӣĺÿɰ


294 

ٴλη˳ȥҪȥʱȴԭز
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Ʋûи˴ȹĽͣն
˴ȿܲˣֻܳĲ鲻Ը´峤


295 ǿ

ޣű뿪
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ȷӦʱ򣬶ԷҧĴ˱

ͣҪƿԷʱԷȴþס
ֵܵķ񿹾ܣ΢ֱѹһ֫Ȼ۾ͷκܵĻᣬΪøƺҪԼ
ָоԼͿҪϢˣƴķôԷıҲеֻ֧һӵĺ촽ɿ
õϢĻ󣬰ֵһӦ͡ž˦˶Էһ⡣
Է֪ǵûж㣬䴽һЦ
ֶ˺ֵָӡ˵ˣ
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Щӣһֱ㵱ѣΪʲôҪôң۾˳Ĳ˲Լ͡
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296 ޳

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ѾԼҲѸٱסһõ͵


297 ٻȺ

ա
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вУҲŸҲûĸס
Ӵ㵽ܲһ㷴Ӧòã
~~~~~~
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ޣޡ
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бͻ˲٣Ĳͣζʧƽ⡣Ʋסƫб䡣
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һԼ˫ᣬһѰѾ޴ĺɡڰּ׹һ˲䣬ȵľʹӿнסȻƽȵĳС

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ġֵͷϸϸİο
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ĸ߰˵ЩȺǿٻġ
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ҪƶѾһˣȺҪȥвУ
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ΪʧѪ࣬ޱȣһǺʹɫԽ԰ѿˡ
ֿޱȵޣʵҲûкҡȻ岻ͬͬһԺƽദսֻ˫ˡ
֡
ҵвУ㲻ΪΪ˱Ҳס֡ҲԺ󱦱ĵطʱҪսɱ
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ģ˵ǱҲûзһıҪޣһ仰òã
ŰּҪİڳĬ֮ͷãҴӦ㡣


298 ӻر

һżԣҪǴӦ˰櫣Ѫǰˣ
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ǻȥɡ

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Ķ
˯ء
æͿ˽ȥȻܽҵĴ˯졣һﶼǷཱུӣޣѳˢһûԱԵʣиһﻹ~˱ָһģ̲סһЦ
ʱܽˣ֣Եм⡣ܿЦŹ˵櫣ˡ㲻֪㲻ڵЩӣжൣ㡣Ｘÿ춼ƽǿޣʱΪѰ㣬һֱûлع塣
һůʶĳһۡǻȴʲôҲûԱűǸôҲƲӣ͸ʲôƵġ
Ժ󲻻ˣҸúһġˣܽûˮЩӣôιģ
ֵҲֶԷѱòãǵĺѡ
ܽЦ˵ûˮ֪һҰҰ֭ˮζǰܶһ̺ˮ㣬ͻֹ֭ι̡
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Ҳι̫࣬ϾչûȵġֻгԶ̣Żӽ
֪ˡ
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ллܽ
ûϵǰԼӦúɡ
ðɡ
еģôƯٶҲֵá
ܽҰѱȥƿŵһɲǣֱּɵˡ
ô°ޣǼô
˵ţ־ʶȥ
Ϊҳ̫ˣǺűòÿ޵ǰ档
Ҳ˵ҳжأܣ֩Ļһ˵ùζ


299 ɨ

ȸҡ
Ǽôˣ
޲˼Ӻ׵ʧԺҲûٻ
ֱűֵʣΪʲô
Ϊû㣬˵ûκ塣
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š
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СҲޣͲͣ˱жˮζ
Ƕˣֲ̱ٵȥ԰æʳ˱
õʳ㣬ɳԵá󡪡졣
޻ǵһοι̣ԭأɫľګĿһĻŵĺһŻȼƵġǿñĨ˷֭һĺ졣
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ҵĿæ󱦵ϣ󱦵ĿЧǾͱȴ󱦿޵øҪ
˾͸ԼĿ޺һ΢˭⣬˭Կ޺в
˲䱻ڵͷˣĿſޣԹԷΪʲôԷҪһºˣֱҪ
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ụ̂ôҰ
ҲŶԼֲܸ̲飬ǱҲǻޡ
ſʧı飬ֺȻһȥˮùǵˮˮϴɾ
á
հֵķԸŤͷȥ
һˮùˣʱҲʳгԱԱȻĿʼ˯
ְǷڴϣñҴãų˿


300 Ѫ

ǰι̵ʱô鷳𣿡
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ѽԺ²Ҫôðճ嶯֪ǰһˣڰĸŮ˵ĶҪǳʲô£ĸŮ˿ɾͲ֪զˡ
֣أ˵ĸŮˣʮ̣Ҳܱǡ



301  

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Ĳһˣ
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ӵɬȻһЦ㲻ҵ̣Ϊ㣬һԺú۰ǡǣκ۸˺ǡ
׹Ů㲻õİ˼ӡ
˵¶ֵãȻҿ޵̣һҪȡһ֡
ֲššüͷģѲɻҪȡ仨ӣ
ȻһĿڲһոյĻȫԵġ
仨ְֵҪǾ̡
ȥү
޻û˵꣬ͱһ˴
ǻίͰ͵ĴӴһãȻĿŰ֣ѹ֪Լʲô
ֻǾøոǸֺ˳ڣ˼̫Ȼ˵ģӦҲ˭ַ֪Ӧô
㻹Ǻӵ׵Լˡ
޴֤ҵģһҵ֡
߿Լȡɡ
Ѿû˷Ȩֺֻõĳͷ˼ԼԸȫ
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֣ôˣҪϢɣ̵֣Ҫ룿
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302 

˺ҹѾòˣɻûһʵ֡
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ڶ죬緹ڼҴ޸˳ȥˡ⣬ַȰڼҶϢЩӣȴǿ֤ԼһҲûС
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𣿡
ʡ
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303 

̫ɽձϦȾѪɫ
һܿҲ͹ȥˡ
⣬˵Ҳ֪ǿ޴˴Թ
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صֺʿޣ첻׽˺ֻܶôһֻҲûֵ
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Ϊɶǰϲ𣿡
¹ȻóԣϵƤãѴʲ
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ҲúҸ
䣬޿գӣҵС죬ӿһĳ嶯
о̽Ϣůů絽ϣҲû㣬ţƬĺ촽ճһһĨ˵ˬ壬ڶ˵Ŀǻڻ
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ãȥյˮ
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304ڵһ

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ŪҲѧϾۻܲһ˸ɣҲġ
Լϡôأֱ޵ĻŪЦҲûȥֱָô
Űֵÿһ֣Ȼһһİ˵ȥ죬ͺñǸ԰СѧʵԼ顣
ڣ󱦵ƨɸˬ¸ƬĶʵԺι˺öˮ
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˯ΪıҲôۣһСıء
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𣿡
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İ֣۰Զ㡣ô㶼ŵһŵڶ
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ڿ޵ĻƤ࣬ǱҪӴ
޷ǵûȵЦЦ˵ûϵ˭ǵƯء


305Ů

緹󣬿űµӤԼܵɭľȥľˡ
ɯһɹ̫
·һ̵άݡ
άݴԼԣǣֻë޵СܣܵĸͷСһԶ͸²õĹһӵ仯ƺرĴ˱ǰ˺ܶ࣬ϳ˺ܶߵ㣬Ƥϵɿţֻ޴ظüֱٲ
ԽʶĴԼãСƤûȥ⣬·Ҳûʲô̫ı仯ͬӣԼôôࣿΪ̫ԭ
άݺ񲢲̫ϲԼ⼸̣ΪСܸܵĸ׵ĽʱάݵһֺǸ߿ˡ
ֵϣһ仰Ҳ˵ĬĬľͽƤСܸǣһȥǸ˳ܵģ͸ίֲ˵Сϱһ
Ƶø첲ײײԱߵɯʣǾάݵ𣿡ôôʧˣǵϲʱߵĹĻǿ³ͼǡӡ̵һΣ³ͼΪĵôһܡ
άһֱǸϲɵˣİºܶ࣬ϲÿ죬ҲȽϿ졣
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ֲøոҿ̺ÿһΪڷɡ
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ˣֻǾãŮһ
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ͻɯʵЩ£˰βŵҲûԴôϲҲᡣÿ̶ǵһϣ͸ñúϧ
ţ˵öԡ


306

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Ҳ֪ΪŮԵʣΪǱƯµޡ
ˣһǳ佱
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ֻҪѱŽȥ־ţҲܿڸʲôҪǣһƣǾܵǧĴ
ޣô뵽취ģ
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ţġ
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307 

һǵðֲԺһʱ䣬޶֡
ȥԣļһ˸꣬ϣҲ޲˯̡
ʱúܿ죬ת۾͹ȥ˴ꡣ
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տʼ̶Աʹ˵һǳʹ顣
ϰĸζͻȻԲˣǻѹ۴ޡ˿Ҳʹ̡
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ЩŻƼˣҲ̲סܹӵͷ󱦱
ã˶ɵЦ󱦾ͲһܾñڶŰǳ˵ġۡޡԺְҪţԿ顣
ö֮ҲҰ˶ĵطˡ

ܽڳ緹ޱԼЩ⡣
˵Ϊ˸̣ҪҰæ졣
ܽûüӦ ǻδεСӡĪǡͷ˼
ܽûĳǲµ̵һ۵Ҫԣ㲻ٵƤҪĴøãҪ˯ݶѿ𣿡
~~~~СèæĽлԺ󣬾Сצצצĸ׵ȣȻʼ
ܽԼģʱЩЦãֽӵϱˣҴӦˡ
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ܽ̾Ͱˡ
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ë޵Сèеޱȵϲ־Ҫȥ
СèǷ۵СߣͷҲܵڵϣǶŪ
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ޣİɣһչ˺ǵġ㿴ĪҲϲ
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̣ͬƶҪΪԽûͷѪˡ
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ܽһԼˣĴ󱦶˵ԼҪҲ̾ͺˣп޵ıÿܻһҲ


308 

Ժ󣬼Ȼͱÿյġ
ϰ˱Ǵ絽ڣһˣԵøĲϰߡ
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齫ȥܽ죬Ÿոߣ˵Լ᲻ˣʱ϶ڿǰЦ
룬ǲ˵ˣ죬̾͹ȥˡ
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˵գѶſڣתҪ뿪
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հֵĻɯֻ۾˲ɵôģǰֵֵֽ㣬̽ңôĪٶ뷨
ܼ򵥣һ㰵ʾͺ
ʾ
ûĴô١ҪõԵĻĿ˵ǺѵġҪõԵϲӦ÷ǳ򵥡
һǲ֪Ҫô
ûϵĪһҼҳԶٷɣ˵ҵ˼
ɯĶգգ۾𣿡
ôˣ̲ڼңҸպпմϴǡ
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ţȥܽҡ
ɯЦЦ⼸ܽҿеˡ
ɯ˵֣ܽҲû롣ֻΪ˵Եʡ
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Ϊʲô
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ɯŤӣߵЦЦת㽫ĪٸժĹ˳ˮϴϴɾͰֻĳ


309 С̵͵

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ԼԲ˫ɫ΢΢ʹššüе̡
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޵ĿٵͦǰûааеֻǶ԰ֵ޾뵣ǡ
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Ҳ֪޾ɵĻӦſޣֻоԼ˫͵þҪըˣʮֵĲ
֣ҪҰѶˮô
š
ûа취ֻ޵ģˮȼЩ
ˮż˰ңָоûôˣÿͣ֡
ȥЩˮ׼ëȷһ¡
ػش˰ʱǲʵ֢״ôһĻ⡣
𣿡
޽ӵڻ۵㷢ѯʡԭԲʱʹ̶࣬ôܡԽһԥ
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ȥԺ󣬿޾Űֳţ˵Цߵܽҵſڡ
ԶԶģ־ͿܽҵߣΧ˺öС̡
ʲôӣ⬣ϻܣ๷ֱһС͵Ķ԰
~~~
ŶϷɵ޻δС
Щ̿Ŷһܽҵſڣſڴϣеֱܵݶȥ۾ɵôģһȫעĶڣҲ֪Ǳܽҵʲô챦ˡ
ޣô£
ЩԾ̧ͷһĳѯʡ
޽ЦЦͷڰѩ׵һǣǵôЩС̴˻ᣬȻ࿴Ǽۡ
˵ǶǱģ
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ƽǼҵʱǲҲ
˵ֲЩ¡ԼһһȺ˵ļԷûʲô⣬ҲëȻż뿨֮ĴΡ¡
ģƽڣǲġ
䣬޾ͳǰ滹ƴ͵СǷһͺͷ߿һۣǿޣȺ״ɢ
Ǻҵġ
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ˣ֪־СˣܽιǳԵʲô

ǺӪʳ˲Ĳ١


310 

գ˸硣
֪˯ϰߣ̫磬۵ʣô˯
һ߽ĳݵҶӣȿˮǻ˳߿ޣ˯ˣĪٻǼͣҵ׼
Īٻ
ɫ˱䣬ԭҪʲôͻȻҲˣͷͽſڣҲǣҲǡ
զˣཹཡĽˮ³죬ֻɾСܡ
ʲô
СȥóӦǺܽ⣬ȴҪװں
һ¾ͿСۣ̲סЦôԴˣ
ûС޺ԥľҲ㣬ǡǡ͸¶ʵ뷨
ڳԴףϡ
ʵֻҪȡ֣żԵСҲͦɰġñڰɣԴͷɥģ͸ò˳谮ĺӡ
Ҵ֣Īɡ
̵ļǵãһξΪĪ٣Լ˶ô³飬°ôãм˶ٿࡣһпԲԼô嶯
ˡĪɲΪԼ
ΪԼ
԰ɯϲĪ٣Ǵᡣ
Ŀһ˲件ϲԭΪɯ̣
ȻأѵٶһԸ飿˵գЦųȤ
ҡҡͷ롣
ǾͶˡ
ҪҰʲô𣿡
֪Ϊɯ㣬࣬˲Ҳûǰǰѹ֡
ţŪرĶԣҪܶʳģȥҲЩòã
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հֵĻҪţɯ̾ˡ
ЩŤߵģһ˲䷢ҲˣҲǰǸϲɵɵСˡ
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ֳֳ֣忨޵ȥأõ̫ʱ䡣
һߣ־ɯȥһΪƯȹӡ
ȻȹҲͨƤģɾֱĲõƣȹӾԵøĶһ޶
ȹӵϰǲVʽǳİοǰһֻɫĺ׺ȿ͹ɯ̵Ƥ棬ֳȳԸС
ȹӴԺ󣬰ֿʼɯ̵ͷ
ķƫ࣬غɫģĺʽ෢ͷͷɴֱ裬ȻԺ
ûͷڵɯ޳Ĳһ¾¶˳⿴棬͹˵ġ
վҿ
ɯЩߵȻԼȹӡֽܾԼȹƯƯ̫ˣ·ʱ΢̧һ㣬ͻᱻ⡣
Ų񻹲ʲô
˵գ ־ͳۣ漴ϲܳȥժһˮɻȻɯķ˿
ţÿ
֣ڵɯ̣Ŀ챻ԼŪģˡ
ֽ㣬ĺÿ𣿡
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˵š
˵ַһܳûһͶһˮ
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˺þã̧˫֣Щ˼Լ𾪵Ŀֵֽ㣬𣿡
㻹˭
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ϻЩСȸЩ⣬ģ
ȻٱͲֻƽѡҪһ׻ױƷͺˣҶò۾
ɯ˵ԼѾˣ治ֽ֪˵


311 ɯ̵ĺ

ɯڱֱԺ󣬾ͻϲϲȥĪټҡ
Īһ첶Ե飬û뵽ɯ̻ͻȻ
һʼûϳǰƯŵĴ˭ֱԷߣɯ̡
ĪٺļһԱɯ̽ױݾ޵òС
û뵽ûһ󣬾ȳЩۻҪˡ
ɯ̺ܿ͸ܵĪٺѿԼôһˣ˲亦ߵĵͷĪ٣ֽ㵽Ǽȥ緹Ҫȥ𣿡
ĪٶƵҪҳԷΪʲô
Ϊժ˹Ӹ԰ɣл㡣
Ŷ
Īٵͷ˵ⲻһС£û뵽Ҳϡ
ȥ𣿡
ɯ̧ͷǳɫͫڴһ˿˿ɬ⡣Щۺһ֮󣬾һ˵о
Īٿô˴˺ðβľګĵ˵ͷ
ǺãˣҪǵ
䣬ɯֿһĪļͬ飬ߵˡ˫޳ȳƵĴȣֱ˿ðλز
ãĪٲһǸѾȫʧǵļһ
δתͷʱ˼Ѳϡ
Ī٣ɯʲôʱôˣ
԰û꣬ôظĶôã
ĪвҡҡͷʾԼҲ֪
ҿҲˣƲʱ;ֳ߱
Ͳ˵ʲôأ
аͲļһ˲ЦЦҲǻûҵǰԼ׼
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Ϊʲô
ΪڸոյʱҲϲɯ̡
Ͳһ˲䲻ĵոʲô˼Ҫ𣿡
˭ˣɯֲһ˵ģĪ١
ոһ䣬Ͳͳ˹ȥĪ٣˵ɯ̻ѡһѡո
ĪڵȻЩʵ֪ɯǸĴԣʱû̫ȥڣȻͬʱͲͺնΪеˣǡȴܾе㲻ζ
Ҳ֪ǲҪҡ
Ī٣ɯߵô˵ǻǺܺõѣɵðǰ
ǣǲǺֵͶɯǰ˵˵ûˣһظл
Īޱ̾˿Ȼȥɣҵϰ櫼ҳԷȥˣʲôԺ˵
Īٱ𰡣˵䡭
ĪķҵúܣĻ˵ǣոͰͲߺͻһɾǰֺͿסĵط
ŵɯ̣ЦЦĿ˵
ǰɯ̵ЦĪȫԺȻ⡣ɴ˿̣ȴЩź;Ӳ˵ͷֺ̰ܿĽݡ
櫺Ϳ޶Χһ¯ߣڻ¯Ϸһڴͣཹཱུðݡ
ϣ˸кõƬ࣬һЩ̫ʶҰ˾֮Ķ
ּĪˣæǰкĪˣǶڵء
ĪΪԼĳٵԸǸ⣬ͷЩǸĳ޿˹ȥ
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ȻָɯߵһλãĪ¡
ĪԺҲöӣΪǰĲ˺⣬ġȻʳҲûԹֻǺþòˣѾϰߺӦζˡ


312 ϲ˼в

ּĪ⣬ɯ̺ͿҲԵЩнƺ֪ʲôɵɵĶŲͣݵĹ￴
Ƶ룬ְĪٺɯ̽йòΪ˼ҺİɡδҲԵ̫СЩ˭֪ʱȴվʲôѽѧҽ̻ԡ
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һ̫˼
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޺ɯ̵ƶǶĵͷȴ֪Ҫô
ˣӣӦˡ
ֽгʱҲ
ۼְõƬڷԼ͵մմĵݵȻͷ˷ǳܵĳ޵ѧٴ
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ɯ̺Īæĵͷ˵óԣû˵ʲôȴ˵˹ȥ˳ݸһ
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ģǾֱӵȥɣոʵеһС⣬ȴҪ̰ܳԵȥ֪ҪʲôʱܳԱڼӵĿ˵ʵһĥ
Уôϲôɡ
ȴǺԼ̵ȤΪǵԣԽԽζǵһγԣܻ֪еȤôô
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ּ޷Ӧ˼ң˲Щ˼ҡҡͷû£ǲСıһ£ûϵģԻ㲻ã̫֭׽
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УƤۣҪ̵˵ġ
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á
Īٵͷδ룬ӾͰɯ̼еһʱ򣬼ɯĿԼĪŷֺʲôط̫Ծ
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313 ʲô£

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á
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޼ڳһˢ룬һȴĲɵĳҷ߹ȥסڿʲô
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𣿡תҪǱȥʲôȥá
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ּôֱӣȴ˹˼ɵУһǷ˻εġ
ûϵ˵ұ͵ġ


Īһʼûоʲôֱʣɯ˵ʱĪͼ
ټķ䣬ͻȻúܱƣ볩ʮѡ
Ǹеȡ
Ī˵⻰ʱһĿ⿴Ŵ⣬ҲЩɺԡʣȴرҪˮ
š
ɯ̴ͷԱߣӦһ
ᣬĪٸоļǱһƬëģġ
ɯ̣㡭ˮ𣿡
롣ɯҡҡͷĪȥʱ򣬷ĪٵþϺһ
أЩŵĪôˣ

ú졣
𣿡Īپ㵲ѣæ˫Լ첻֪ȴǳ̡
û°ɣ
ĪæҡͷһɲɯýԿϺͲۿɰĺë
ԼVǵķ羰ߡ
ĪɲʱһϣѪҺĳһطһ˵ĽѹָУԼںһֻСޣСһмй
Ī١㡭㡭ң
ɯ˲䷢Īٿ˹Ź֣һǰδйɯ̾İͬʱȴҲЩ¡
ͺվߵĪ٣ʶǸĪ١
Īٿɯ۵׵ľ⣬æսȭͷҧʹԼ˼֡
Բɯ̣ҡֻǾãûмӣһʱЩԡ
Ī˵ĶĻȷɯ̲Ŵ˾ƵҲ


314 ߳ɺ

˰죬ɯû뵽Է˵ĻͬʱҲеһ˿Сϲ
Ϊ˲öԷǿװ򶨵ŶԷôã
ȻֹҡոͰͲҲôġ˵
ĪһʶԼ˵ʲôס˭֪ɯȴһ˵׷ʵ˵ʲôˣ
ĪٵԼһ⣬˽ģһҲ뽫ոͰͲĻɯˣֲò˵
˵˵Ժ󰮡
ɯĻһĨСȸԾֺԥĵɴ۾Ī٣أ
ңҲ֪
ɯϻϲı˲䲻ˣȡ֮ĳ˾ɥ޾ʧ
Īٲ֪ɯʲôֻɯ̻᲻ӦոͰͲһʱ̲סļ׷Ӧ𣿡
ϣҴӦ𣿡
ɯ̵һ䷴ʣһ¾ͰĪŪˡ
˺þãһɬεͷǶҵĺֵܣҡ
֪ˡ
û˵꣬ɯۿͻȻͺˣŲĪٴƿžˡ
ͻȻķӦһ¾Īٿɵۡɬ촽ԭҪ˵ĻҲ˻ȥ
ʱš֨¡һ͵ƿˣǰ櫺Ϳ޶ˡ
֪ΪΣ櫿ȥߣȻûɫȻҲÿ
Ī٣ʲô
ŰʣĪٸ֪λӦ
˵ĺֵϲɯ̣ϲ𣿡
ĪٵͷʾԼϲɯ̵ģǲϲɯ̳Ҳôȥչǲ֪ԼʲôΪʲôɯ̻ĵ뿪ҲûԭĶ
˵ϲѺ˵ϲǴ֮ϲǽҪһϲ𣿡
ԭϲĪʶĻˡͷϸ룬ǰԼδй뷨չɯֻ̣ǿһ˺ܿһҲûУ÷ǳѡ
ǴӽɯԺԼĸƺһЩ仯ոͰͲ˵Ļơϣɯ̫꣬ͲôȥɧͿԼ߾һ㡣
㵹˵һʲôˣ
ҲĿڵԣԼҪ׷ĴԣˮԥԥʶĪ𣿡
ϲϲɯ̣ûҾϲ
Īپ̹ķˣȻͷ˷ƵĺԽԽ
뿨һۣ˲ĵЦˡ
Ȼϲɯ̣ΪʲôҪøĺֵܡ
Īٷ߷ߵûУոͰͲҰǣҲԸ⡣
ȻԸ⣬ոΪʲôֱ˵²ǸɵӰɣǰϲٵʱҲΪûмʱűԼĺֵܲȵˡƣŻƽƷ衣ˣǸɧ͵ļһ֪ˣոոȵ㣬ЩﻰҲʣһԵԼˡ
ɫһЩٵˣƻҸΪһˡ
ôôࣿ
Ҳ֪ͻȻ뷨Լġ
һ֣˵ⲻϲһԺıЦʵ֪ոΪʲô뿪𣿡
ĪãȻҡͷ
ΪΪ㲻ϲѹˡ


315 û

Īʸڷϣô᣿ô᲻ϲҡȵȣ˵ѹΪҲϲ𣿡
գգƯ۾شȻ԰
˼ǣҡ
ûϲ㡣
𣿡ĪٺȻɴ˫ֱҪɯϲɯ̾Ȼϲ
ƭȥ׷˿ɱڣ
лл㰢櫣ھȥ
Īڵ֪Ժ󣬼ĶˡȫԻ𳵰ٶȳɯ뿪ķ׷˹ȥ
޴󽫰ܵڻУͷļĲ˲䣬ͳԵ˵֣һ¡
𣿡תͷѿ޲ҧƿŪøոԼҲûʲôǰһ˶ѡ˵ɯ̺ܺãһǳֵȥˡ
֣һҪϴ𣿡
ͻѯʣðһʱûзӦͷ˵ȻҪϴ˻ζɴء
Ұϴ
޴ϲ˵꣬æܵȥˮ
ˮպãëԼֻϴѣϴʱõݡ
ſ޵İٰڣһŮ˵һһ΢չɷ򣬼ֱҪ̫Ҹ
ϴ裬ְͷɣһ׵󣬾Ͱѱ˴ȥ
ڰֱ۾Ϣʱʱȴӳ˹ֻȥ´
ַԵ굽˱¶һɰԿʣء
֣Ƕþûнˣķָսû̴ǣ롭
˵޻ѪҺסŸɬĺᣬ̵˫ʱҪɽ
ֿӣҲߵĺ
ʱ䣬ӱµڣ֮ɶûгΡ
ܶʱ򣬿ҪȴĲĬĬˡ
ԼҲܿóÿ춼һʢģܻ˼ѹֲ˵
ѾָǡҲûڣҲ׼һǧѷĻᡣԼӦƺҲ㲻һϸӡ
ߵĳͷϸŵ˵̫á
һƣͻŪͣʱԼĻɱ£
õ˰ֵ֤͸СƵ˵˰ֵϡ
һһСͣڷмۣƮҡüҪȴԼ밶ԽԽԶ

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𴲵ĵһ£Ǵ޻쵰
ѹեһҹ˵һŴĲݮ
찡ôȥˣˡ
ҲԼ̫ˣһСľĴ
֣𴲳Էˡ
Ƿһս޽Ȼܾ´Ϊ緹治֪廹̺˶
ûĵ˶ԷһۣñӰԼë״ԡ
ôУô󡣡
˵ָһСĹĵĶݶⲻȥῨޡ
Ҵˣ´һԼιô
޶һ࣬Ҩ޾ĵ͵˰ֵȥ
ֱһ١ĺ⣬ǰڶʵڶܣֻûйĽ¡
һ¶ǣͷ˲ࡣ·´ȴǲҳš
ϵĴݮʵеֵֹġ
ֻʵʵڼҴһ죬Ȳݮ˵
ʱ޺Ȼ˵ɯ̺ˡ


316 ۸

ɯ̣
ֻĹ򣬾ͼɯ̴Ӵ̽˸ͷ
ֽ㣬𣿡
ѡˡ
æӴɫŵȥɯ̿š
̫ôֽ㣬һȥɻɡ
ɯʲôֵۡҲߣһʱЩߣԼһͬȥ
˭֪һϲȥֵİ֣¾ûɵľܾ˵ˣɡ䣬Թĳ޵˵ۡ
֪£ָֻԹӣ˸ڻˡ
ɯ̼պܹ֣۳ĵĳȥֽ㣬Ϳڳܣ
ûС
ָջشԷ⣬ɯָָ̾ĲӾôˣ
ʶסεú޲Ҹضȥ
ֽ㣬òǱ۸˰ɣĲӵؿڣĪôһƬ˹ֲֿġ
ûˣû˭۸ҡ
Ҳǣ˭۸ֽ㰡Ҫÿ֪ǻð˺롣
ֽģѵ
ǿŪİɣɯ̵ʱҲû룬ֻƾŵһӦʳ仰
û뵽ᡪһ¾ͺˣɫҪγˮ
ǿޣɯ𾪵ͬʱΪŭ˼ֵôôأ̫ˣֽ㣬ǳȥȥ
ɯҪΪִ򱧲ƽʱȴֱԷק˻
ɯ̣
ĲӶˣ㻹˵
ҡ
ֽ㣬Ҫ֪ǲ˺ԵġǴĴ£ҲǽɳǴĴˣο㡣ǰܴҾصĴԣ¿ǵ죬Ҳ۸㡣ߣھʹȥҳ
ɯԽ˵ԽԽ˵Խߣȴ˵Ϊ顣
˵Լôȥóǻ˸Ц
ɯ̣˵ۣȥҳϡ
ҲУһ´ٶô죿ֲøոʱ;ֵֹֽ֮ģԭԭ򰡡
ɯî˾ҪԼмȸжΪѵ⡭Ҳÿ۸ģǡ
ʲôɯ̵ɴ۾еҪ֪ࡣ
ֿ಻ԵĶţӴ㻹Сӣ˾֪ˡ
ꡭΪʲôҪȳꣿھͲ֪𣿡
ߵò֪ô˵֧֧˰죬Ÿɯ̣ǵطÿ޸׳ġ
ɯ̾˲䳤ͣԴհ˺þòŵԭǿ׵ģ
Ϊǿ۸µأҲȷʵ۸ֻǷ۸
ܵĵͷ˿ѿϵǰһ٣ֺԼôܡ
ֽ㣬׳˶
ɯһ˵һߡ죬Ȼǲ̫š
ɯ̣ͱȡЦˡ˵˵ɣĪôˣ
һ˵Ī٣ԭֻ˲ͱ˸ģתȥ޲Ťֽ㣬˵ʲôأ
һЦװʲôѽҿԿĪȥ׷ˣҾͲţû⡣ʲôû˵֤Ǹųûõļһ
棬һɯż⣺û˵ˣҲˣų򡣡
˵ʲôѽ
ȻԵõѯţξͲɯЦЦлɯˡ
ǡҲϲҡ
ʲôһ㡣
ߡֽ̫ˡ


317 ӱ

ϣɯŰһľһ硣
Թ緹־߶˱
ɯ˵ֽ㣬Ȼô뱦ȥǽӻɣҲ뱧ǡ
ҡҡͷٵһɡ
Լ̫ȥӱǰ๦һԣΣҲҪ̹һ졣
ҹ޴ȥܽ͵͵һ۱ֱ˯ͦãŸſްĵĻ˼ҡ
ڴϣƺԶòʢ
ۿҪ˹Լ·۵ĺס
ѪڵĿޱôͻأһ˲Ͷסˣգգ۾ЩɻֿĶǸο˶
ǸǰԵֳԲȥӣίˡ
ֲתһ¿˵֪֪Ϊȫɯ̿ˡ
ŶૻӦ˵Ҳûʲô˵ġ
Ϊ۸ң춼ֵȥ֪֪
£޼ֱЦã˵ɯСԣʲôʱôĵˣҪȥǱ߸״Īٸõȷһˡ
ţŪҶ˰ء
С죬뵽췢飬ڻЩ˼
ûϵҾԼһ㡣
зϵļ˷ܶͨޱȡ
æֵסԷĳţֺУ컹ҪȥܽҽӱҪһôȥˣ
֡
ѹ˻ƵɤӰĳ
ţ
ֿͷ¡˫ֳճȭĸߴܶɹ
ҡ
򴽣ŴصϢȻǧҪ˵ȴֲ֪Ӻ˵
ָоϵ¶ȸߵˣûԼͨеӸܵ
ҴӦɶǶĶ֪ô
㡭
õ֤ͨĿޣ˲͸ֵҰƵģ ڵȥƻһĶŰƸͣ
ֻ죬Ķɡ
ֻû˵꣬޵Ĵ͵ĸϡ
һ㵡

תۣ͹ȥˡ
뵽ڿ԰ѱӻؼңֺͿ޻ޱϲ˷ܵ鵽ܽҡ
ܽոͷֺͿˣҲ֪ǵͼжʱ¶һĨĲ
ˣЦӯӯĶ˵ˣ
ֵͷŵһֻӷŵܽҵϵллܽҵһС⣬°ɡ
ܽƵĿһֻӵʲô
һЩ
ܽЦЦֲ˵ôô㣬ԭǰҲ̫ˡ
ûϵ鷳ô죬һС⡣
䣬־ͽӹܽĴ󱦣Ѿҵİְ֣СһĶ˿޵Ļްֵı϶ףǺġ
󱦹Ƽˣѽѽĺ޼״̶ֻܰӵԼĻһ£һ£ǳ޶ȵı飬 ֱɷˡ
վԱߣԼƵģףɵɵĳ޵˵ɡ
ʶԼϱæСĵͷͶŰֵڡ
ǡ󡪡󡪡ɲʱðϺϼ鲼
ޣѽ
ߵĲΪĳܽ˿
ܽʲôҲû˵ֻЦЦ


318 è

һ̧ͷǣеģ㶼˫ݡ
˭ҪˡִԹСԹһ䣬ȴΪ޵ůůġ
ֺͿָܽ˵˼лĻŴű׼ؼҡ
˭֪Ÿ߳ܽҵţһֻƤСèȻʹݶϿ͵ԾڵϺĴ˹
èŻҺ͵ëֻĶ߸ߵһ˫͸۾ĶŰֺͿޡƺʲôڿʲôϸβ̵ϸߣźñһֱֱڿС
⡭
û״İһŲĵĴӿ̽ͷϸ
һŷֻë޵С۾ӳɫȥʪġСɵԱߣмĺ롣񡭡ܽҵֻ̡
棬ܽ߹ȥ˳ıĪǹԣĪҪԼȥˡ
~~~~~СèƺԼĸ׵Ļ˽ΪĽ⣬ջצƴӵأûһͱӳ˺ôһ
Ա߿ţҲÿֲֻֻŭСèɰˡǰԼִʱҲèȻǰֻèβ̫ͬԸһģС΢˳⣬ͻˡ
ĪǱˣԺ㻹ǿȥõģԺҲˡܽСèİοǲͣʹСӡ˵в֮
Сһ˲亦£ֹͣӵصĶصίܽĻȻһ˫Ĵ۾һգҲգĶſ޻̿
ҲȻ͡ЦЦСèҲá~~~~~Ӧǣóһ͵
ܽ¶Цݣ̵ͷŹǲŻϲ㡣
ĪǣܽЩ˼ߵָ޵ߵԲ𰡣ҵĪǳϲãЩ᲻뿪
ּܽë޵Сʵ̫ɰˣҲ̲סûϵпˣʹҼɣҲͦϲġ
СĪǱǳԼ⣬Όһ뵽̵İ裬ҲΪѵĽĸˡ
Ҫǻ˱ˣһͣѶԷӳѪӡǲС

ű˼Ѿˡ
Ǳòʱ䣬ǰһͻԼקŰֵ·ƣȻεѰϵˮ
ڱѾˡһͻžʳĶʵڳԲˣͰָ
ףǳ׽̳ɹˡ
ޣ㿴űȥ緹ǳԡ
ȥɣʲôͺá
֪⼸һֱĲ̶̣һԼȥ
Բ̫ӲĶ͸һ۵ɡ
أ
ָֽóë˲Ŀˮ㡣
ôУ̺ҶҪչ˺õģʲôҸ
֪ԼȴҲ̱Ҿ͸ǳһġ
գ˵һãȥ׼
緹ܿͺˣ󵰸ֳһ룬ֳһ롣
ðȳԣԼԱι̡
ޣ緹ô죿
ҲǳԱȥŪ
ɵϣιɡ
۵İ쵽ߣĻϲĽĺ⡣
ǰһڵľιɷʳɷιѧĺӡ


319 

ʱۡ
ֹ֪ȥһ¡
ң裬衭

衭

衭
衭
Զԣ衭һ鱦衭
衭
ޣǵıˡŴŴֲ̫ġ衱֣ҸۿʪˡָоġۣůģԼͺˮޱֵá
޼̸ֶ˵Щ㵸˹ס𣿡
ֶĵͷţ󱦺Ͷˡ
ǻǻаֲ
οҡҡͷ˵֪Ҫҽ̽ǡ
аְ֡
ɯ̸ǱĲƣѹ߿
ƺ裬ͿĻﺰΡΡ
ôϲסһڵ˻ˣ֣ǵһ̾ͻᡣ
ֿӱԼˣȤĻᰡΣĳΡ
ϵЦ˲̣ЩѹĿ˰һۡ
ԭҪѽ׸һ
Ҹ㿪ЦģǻˣֻǷ׼ѡ
һ˵޵ɫЩת̧ͷ˿⣬ɫģżһ˿룬Եӡ
Żڶ̵İ֣޲ɵĵֵ֣Ҫˡ
ͷҲЩпǰˡ޻Ȼܸõˡ
ҪҴȥסһʱɡ
ߣ
˵ߣԺԶֳˣɳ̲⣬Ҭʤζʡʶ촽
ǰȺٻֱ֪䣬ټϺٶ̵вҲСԿ˺ܾãžǴȥ
ۣʲôʱߣ
޼ڴҲͦ˵ģɡ
죿᲻̫˵㣿
ҡҡͷᡣΪ죬˵꣬ʱҪٴ뿪ͻ൱
ðɣھʰʰǳȥҪסܳһʱ䣬Ķɲ١
ˣҪĶһȥɯ̸ܽǸͺá
һĪ뿪ҪԺҲˣ϶ᵣĻż
ðɣʣµȥŪҴȥǸ𡣡
˵꣬־ǣС֣һ·̵ĵɯ̼ҡ
ɯһһҶҪᵽȥһӣк᲻áڶͷˡ
ϸ룬ĺʵ̫ˣûа취ģתƵ޴Űֺ뿪ҲǺõġ
ֽ㣬ȥôãһҪչ˺Լ
һġ
̣ǻһ᲻ϵˡ
ɯ̱󱦣ѹöͷ˲Сһ
󱦺Ͷƽʱ࣬ϵҲףһҲųľٶ෴ǳĸˡ
İɣǾǲסģˣҲסϵǹϢ
ӡ˹ĶκҲı䲻ˡ
ţֽ㣬һҪúչԼ档
ҲһĪҪúõģǾܽˣһҪǵϲơ
ɯ̺һЦʣʲôϲƣ
ǰķף˽飬ҪԷȾƣνϲơ
ۣѾ̻ƵķӣͿ޻ԺԺܶѾơ
Ըɣ


320 ϴ

ɯ̺ܽ𣬵ڶһ磬޾ʹŰֺʹ󱦶߳
ֱʨ޵ϣһ·񱼡
ҹĲͣ·ѾܵհϢ
ŲڽӲӵɳ̲ϣԶһ޼ʵε󺣡ϵĶӳɻԣֻĺŸӭţչʾˡ
ֱűʨ޵£沨ԣһ¢¢ĺֹ뵡ĳӿ˻Ĵա̧ͷԶԲԡãã
ںϳɹ®ʹѷֲǺˡ
ޣڵˡ
ָս£ǾѾȲȥʰĺ뱴ǡ
ߣҲΣõƤȹϣ¶׳ʵšںˮĳ£ԵøӵҰҳ
ϲ𣿡
֣۴Ц
æĵͷϲ
ϲͺá
޾Ӧ
ޣһطɡôһѵĶͷں̲ϣǱ˴ʪ˿ɲá
˺ϼһǰкܶͰķݺȻҶǱҲв˾סȥһͼ֣ԼҲиӦ
֣ʲôҪҪȥץֻҰ
ֱ߸ɾѣҡͷô鷳סںߣǿʳõζڼҿűȳȥһˡ
ҪԻ򵥣ոڽʯϿôĵá졢ٺݵʺͲòˡ
޼ִҪȥŪߵЩԣҲûֹֻСĶҪСһ㡣ϾҪȥĵطǵסҲԶֻҪʱһͿ
ţİɣҺܿͻġ
˵꣬ͱ¨ȥˡ
ʯϸֺˣһ£ѾջķᡣǸۺֶҪ̫ࡣ
־Щ˼зȽ϶࣬ȹվͿʼ˲׽ж
ȻЩзŸͷҲûʲô⣬͹΢΢һըζֱҪ̫ԡ
һֻֻֻ
ڰԽץԽ𾢵ʱ򣬺ͻȻʹһʲôˮ˳֮ˮϡ
ŵ̧ͷһԶĺ϶վһˡ
˵վŵģ˵Ʈˮġ
˳øɸɱҲϣȴŸ˷еİֺһ˫۾˵ʱ򣬾һŹ⡣
ı΢΢ǰţֺձĸо¶ëǷɫģǰûʲô⣬͸һɱ񣬱˴ѵģǱѪ˵걾
ԲҲ֪ӾԲ𡭡ĸʲôû
һߵǸһ߾Ҫܡ治֪ʱϴ裬̫Ϊˡ֪ˣͲ⸽ץзˡ
ϧҪϰʱ򣬺ȻһǱʲôϣͱصԭĵط
ŵüһͷæ鿴Լ䲻֪ʱһִֻһĶ
ǶϾסһ㣬Ҳ֪קԼˮȥġ
ַֻ͵ĴȻЩʹšһˮ죬Ѹײڶ֮˻ȥ


321 ī

ּΣѾʱæŴͷһۣǸƯںĸɱԼˡͬʱǰ߰ȣĳ߿š
ѽȾ˵ģոЩԶ°ˮţ԰ûôý˲ֻ֪ϰ˵ӣ°ȴӡǴ׳ʪ߰ȣ˿˷ƮƮ죬ΪǼΧ
찡ʲô֣
ֻһμֶʱŵɫף˺ȡоԼ϶û˽ͻᱻˮϵˮȥ
ŷɫë˶˺һ¶һƿЦı飬üϸޱȵشҲǺ֣Ǻīޣ½ʵһģֻں
Ҳǰˣ
Ȼī޵ͷֳǳϿҵ
ȻǺ֣˵Ҳ˺ܰʳˡطĲ١
ǸҸոնҪˣΪʲôְҸק
˵ֺµĿһ۶ԷǼ޴ޱȵĴǡⲻɵһ䴫˵ˮӡ
˵ˮһˮеԳˮ׳ΪˮҲнСˮʨˮʬʬȣؽзвͬһˮҲʱϰɽˮҰˮԴˮˮԼãˮʮӼ֫ˮУˮӵüһˮбסΣա䴫˵ˮˮž޴صˮ׾شڲͬĳͽӣˮ˽ˮף˵ϣϢ˵ˮʳѪ˵ָ׺顣ˮĵطÿںͯʱҳйˮӵĹ¡
Ҳ֪Ǽ٣ڿīޣ;ܷ˵
ΪǴԣǵһϸ˵ԡ
Ŷ˲ˣ֪ԭҲ˵ʲô˵ úܲòˣǱⲻˡ
°Ĵԣ
ī޼ȻĬҪע⣬
ֵͷܾһ￴ЩаԣǼȸֵġһҲֻǺܷܵĻӦԷ
īһп˵ֳ꣬νһЩҽбȣ㵱ҵĴ԰ɡ
̧ܾͷΪԼˡ
ʱīȴһĿ˵㵱ҵĴԣ𲻴Ӧ
ּҡͷȻī޴ӦԲˡҸҵԻ˱ҵԾڸһҪǼһȥҵġ
ԣī˲䲻ĵʡ
Сĵͷ˵šشúᣬ¶ԷһôŰߡֻܿķϷŹ
ԾȻѰʳ˵㡣߰ɣҴȥȸҸī޻˵꣬ˮ
æһҪٴóСֻҪֻǿƴСġ
ī޼㿹ܣҲûٷǣֻĵʣĲԸߣ

СӦ䲻ȴԷһЦȻ˵һ䣺ڡ


322 ϴ

˵ԼôܻڣȻδ˵ڣȻһֺĶԼ͵Ƕһȵĳζֱʼϲ
ʱīޱѾ굽ˮﲻˣͺֹһˮҲûСΨںȳ֭ҺѰ֣ȷʵһļһ
ʵܲζһŻ󣬼Լͷ­˺ˮ档
ųԼ˶ʮӣűͷ̧
һƬںڣúˮôϴϴ
ϵҲǣڵȫ͸һ㡣
ˣҲûڴ˶īһٻ鷳Ҵȥ
ߵԼǰҲֱӽȥԼڵģŵǾ޵֡
ޱ͵İȥôû˿˫ֱ̻ϲޱȵĳӭӡ
ڿֵһ˲䣬޵ʱʹסˡ
Ҳû뵽޻ᱧűŵæתͶ㡣
Ѹٽ£߹ȥܰѰԼĻһ벻˼Ŀʣô£˭Ūģ
ֿɥܵİ龭˿
꣬кۣ֣漴һɱȭת
󱦶δô˵ӣСһŵֱ޿ޡ
ҲŻˣǰæץסֵȥ
Ҫɱ˵úţ˿۵׷ŭɫͷ·𵶽֮ײѪȵζ
ȥˡ
һȥޣһҪȥԵüΪ
ô㣬ұҪһѵ
㵽ȥˣôôȥ
㵹˵ˣһ£漴ҧгݵҾǰϵȣҾͲһֱ
ˣֻǱī֭ѡ㿴㶼ѱſˡ
˵¶ҲͦεģȻŵֻ̡ʵ̫ˣû뵽ī޾ô֡
֪ˣովͲֳȥ
˱ˡ壬ȥ
ڿ޵ôһŻˣҲǶģøϽŪЩԵĲС
޿Լ̿޵ѹһʱҲûȥī޵飬̺һѰֵ֣ȥˮϴɡںĶʵ̫ŤˡҪոϵֵϢ򶼻Ϊһˡ
Ҹոúˮϴˣϴ
ϴ
šⶫճԺǿ÷Ժϴɡ
޵ͷȻѻȴҲû˵ʲô
ϾԺҪסһʱ䣬īǧץסһུ
ְŪĺϴɾͿʼ¹
ۡϺзը衣
ÿһֺÿֲͬĳԷŪǶɶ칤
ɯ˻Щˡ·ǰʱ򣬺Ȼһǰδеķζ
һʱ䣬ʲôҲû˵ϣͳھӼҵ
ζյѾ˸ôкˣһ˵㡭
СӵըͼȻһˣûԷģԷѾΧĹǰߵĶԼҹʳ͸Ƶ֡㡱
ûһӣ˾ͱ޸ק档
ڷŷ飬˭֣ÿʮķ֮ġǰԿǳʳ


323 Ƥ

ӲȥİɯԵʮֵĲˣͷʿޣιôô³ôԴԵ𣿡
ޱĻӦԷҼңδҵͱ㡣
ɯ͵һţӦЩٶ۵İθŶңҾȻˡ
䣬忨ޱǸһЦ뻺һ¶֮ĽӲϵ˭֪޲
ɯΣֻ׷ȥǸ
ҲԷͷһۣɯ˵С̧ͷȴϱī֭İ֣ǡһųԾѵƤ
ƤޣСֹţһʱûŪװɯ˼
Ǹī֣֭Ǹ
׶Է˵˭ˣ˲ͷʶ𣿡
ɯǲмƲ̶ͣ˱ĵǸƤƬ򣬺ܶ˶ʶˣں߶͵ƯĴԡҪǿ˭ͻһӽȻ˼ԸԸߣ˼ҪǲԸ⣬ͻ˼һī֭ǰҸʱҲ׽Ūû뵽һ죬Ѿˡ
˵ɯֵҲɳͬ顣ͬʱҲʲôģΪʲôŸոƬƤ޾ôˡ
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324 Ļ

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325  ϲ

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ɯǺܿĵ˵Եˣû뵽Сصô
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˶ͷײ֪ɯ˵ʲôֻЩΡ
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326  ƨ

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327 

̵İͷתһߣ˫ֽճȭڵöϰˡ
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Ťͷ˿ޣ룬һһޱȽϺã˫İƽȵģҲϵġ
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328 Ů˵

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329 

ӾˣҲΧɶĶ˲١Ǹɯڹϵõþá
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˵ԼĹŮõĹŮΪȥԼҲĸԸ


330 İʾ

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331 

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ί漴ЦתͷҶˣ˭ʲôɣ
۾ôô죿
޷ְֵ۾죬Щ ǿ޹һ㡣
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Ӧһҹδ߰ɣյ
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Ϊٶ˯ᣬûнѡ
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ޡ
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˵仰ŭɶˡ⼸죬òײŴסĴԳʲôӣԼôмһˡ˭ֳ֪ĴԴܣˡڲģٶ塣


332 ޺

ıܣȻоܴģȴǹһ˵ſޣ˼ȷʿΪʲôŮ˽
޿ί͡
֣߰ȥɽϴԵʱҲġ
ʱҲ֪ôˣֻӥϮˣſڵһϢۿҪӥ޵ߣǿվЩӥ޸ܣʹĲŵԻȡ
ֲԻкüӹĿӣԭӥ޸ɵģ
ʵͷ
Ϊʲôʵ˵
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333  ñ˵

ִܸ࣬˲٣ǰ·ϣ˺ôһء
һıžһӣǳ̫ˣðֶЩ޴롣
ҪǣԽԽѪ̳Լĺ۾ͺͷȴŸһ١һ߳ȥֱҪ˵Ŀ⡣
衭ȥ桭
Ұ˷ϲȥ񱴿ɳӡ󱦻ãȽϰ
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š
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ɯǣŴ󱦶ֳ´ŶҲҪȥǡ

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˵
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Ǻãȥбɡ
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334 

֣𣿱˵ãҲ˵һṆ̀
ɯס˶֣˵ϵļⶼڶ
֪˵жôѵá
Ҳ֪һɺϣǱŻ˵仰ȻɯôˣҲûҪȥˮɶġ
ǸЦЦǹϲˡһԺ̣ŰɯҲڱϰɡ
ɯϲˣֹȥڣԷŵΪɯҪҧֱֻ㡣

ںϺץ˼ϲԵ㡣㣬˵ԣгһһպƵֽζʮɿڡҲرϲһԼܳһء
ջѾܲˣɿ޲ûмŻȥǵʯȥһ
ڷڵһˡ
ȵľƤޣ뵽ֵ޾һֱһʰһ
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һ߻һ߼˵̫ˣȺһﵽǴġ
ɲôԱ°ߣǵҪ
ǸոǸԣأ̶һˡ
̻ôСҪǱǴߣ϶
˵̸ԣ޵ɫ˲ͳȥ˵ĳ嵽һݸ߸ߵ˸ǰ³Ľ˵ʲô
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ˣ̡֡
˵ĸȥˣ
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ĪǡŪˣߵĴ棬û֣
׼ԭ·ȥʱһĨɫӰͻȻǰ
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վڻһɧĲŪͷֻ۾΢΢ţĳЩ˵ڵջ
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ЦһĬϡִмְԹҪǲ⣬ǲǾҲˣ
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ĵһĨջʵĳ忨˹ȥ˾һʯ֮ľͣ
ϸҵҲûȤǸʲôõģƤҰˣ
㲻ȡ
˵꣬תҪ뿪
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ڵʯһɲǣĵ۾һ⣬ǹⲻҫۣһЩѣ


335 ʧ

ļͻȻһմĶԼа⡣֪ѾȻ֮
ޣ㻹Ҫ뿪𣿡
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336  

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337

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339 

⼸һֱûгţǰһŵǼȥˡ
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ۡ
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340  

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ϲſޡ
׺˶ڵ֪ɯǴԺҲֱ¡ĺѵõģЩˣ̣Ҳһ̡ǡһ̥Ǵ̣Ƕ˰
ɯأܿŶҪӲԺᾭ۾۵ġ
ţҲˣҾ̫ˡ
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˶ͷæĵͷʾԼһᰴհ˵һȥ
ֿѾףԼʹҲɣŸ߸˸ǵصԼҡ

һߴޣһߵȺԼӡ
üθ󱦶ϷʱΪ̫רģǵ֡
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341 

ֱ޵һ仰Ūůůģ֪ԴԼж棬ߵͷû롣ɯҲ˳ҰŶ
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ΪֻԼٿĪ磬ſǳĽͫʱֻЭðɣ˵ˡ
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ޡĲ鲻ԸĵͷܸоԼڿӸԼֿ޵ӿȥģЩĸо
Ȼ˵ԸʱͻȻͽӵڻУͷ˽
Ȼûôһ˻ơ
ܿ𾪵̧ͷּľܾ˵ԡ
ȴͷĶͷҧĶૣ׿ڳŵҵģܷڡ
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˵ͷһۻڴϼٿ޵ıε˹ȥ̣ǵİǸƭӣԼ˵ĻԼֶ̫ʧˣԺǿɲѧǵİӴ
ޣôС˵Щʲô
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ɿȴ⻰һͳ嵽ǰһѱȻһǣ޾̰Ŀڴı֡


342 

󣬴󱦶˯š
ִһ˿ƣ̬ĺҲ׼½硣˭֪һ˫׳ֱȴ䴩ڻ
عͷȥڴĶԼ
ģ糣۵ȴɢŹȵĹâ
ԼӦǸ˲첻ѡ
תһ룬뿨޶ϷˣʵҲûбҪʲôҪһأһذɡÿαÿ޾Ǳһ㡣
ʵһ棬ֻҪʱ䲻̫³çͦܵġ
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΢ġӴһͱ޺ݺѹ˵ϣ˳˹
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ܿ죬޶˱ӵһ
ڼЩңڶ󵽾˱
С衱ŵæѹϵĿƿŻææĶ㵽治ñ
ҲŮͻȻһȴ൱򶨡ڽ·ãֲݲݵʰһ±Ūһҵġսء
ߵ߽ڻ塣
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ʵ̫ˣ浣ıûп
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ԺԼôˣҪԼԼͿ޵ΪС

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ˣ
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š
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ôˣ
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û⡣


343 ѡ

˵ʾĽɯ˲һڣͿ⵽߶ˣѹǰ㣬ҪһµӲС
죬ָո󱦶˸ƯСӣɯϲˡ
ɯ֣߰캣ϻһشӣʱǳ֣ϣһȥ
ƵĿʣ첻𣿡
ɯͷһĨε׺˶ˣ㲻֪⼸ҶˡҪţҲڵڲܳ͸һ
ֱģЦԸԳˣ㻹ˣ
ҲǲˣҪʵ̫ˣһҪιһ̣һҪ򲼣ϴƨɣ鷳
鷳ҲԼģܲܲܰɡ
˵ţԼͷгο˵ҲûԼҲûʲôɱԹֻ߾ͺҸ඼ֵá
ûвܣǽ÷׺˶ţɿһЩ
𣿡
аҰ˵ģҪԵȼںˣ˶ȾС
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䣬Űˡ
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޷¹ǵĽ˵ȥ棬ûп֡

˺ԶֲŷӦٶ۵ѯʰɯ˵ѡʲôѽ
ɯתӸ֣߰˸˵Ƭÿ궼ٰһѡڳдԶԲμӡȻڵģܲûʲôᣬȥҲǿԵġ
𣿡
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ֺ׼ģǺٺ١
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Щ˱ɯˣ˿ҲûθУֻЦߵһȥû˿ĵطȡЦֵģΪ֡


344 С

֣ǲҪǣߣȥǱߴ㿴ϣԡ
ϣԣ˭
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ֲµİɯЩȣæϰֵС㣬˼ˡȥɱ˶ͷףǶǴ̳ӡȻҲǰ¡
ҲŲأ޻ҵġ˵ԴǣٲȻǰĶһİɯͬۡ
ɯȴһеıӦ˵˰ɣҵԿɱҼҵĻýҪ֪ϣ־ԣƵñҼء
˵ô𣿡
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˵粻ֻдԲŻôûĸһôԡ
ź棬ҲɯȺＷȥ
߲ȱűԺֻһһѩ׵Դˮ档
ЩŮеͬʱһźӳ˴ҵɫ۾˿ĿЩΪֳԵĴԡ
ǳʵȴĪһ˵ĸ߹Ϣ
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䣬ȴ˾͡һȷ񣬺ÿ˴ѱ硣
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ţǰ

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ôˣ
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345 

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ɯһƽһ㣬һû˵öԣ蹷ҧҵùûʲôüƽϵġ
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㲻Ҫ£һᱣġɯʮ˵꣬Ƶİֵļ㿴


346 

ۣô顣
ָշһ˼ľ̾ɯЦӯӯĸ˵ƯɣǼϡϷɫ˵޵γɣҪںĺײھһţǳÿֻӮ˱ĴԲʸӵ
𣿡
԰ԱһϺзҲǵʤߵĽƷɷˡֻҡ˵ɯźıͣʧӡûƬ̣ʮ̧ͷûϵǻлᣬʱҵĻָϵī֭ҲûˣǾٲܱ˵ĳЦ
ÿͺáֿóɯЩܣǷڰο 
ɯݸҵȻÿ߰ɣȥʼˡҵҪ˭ӮñǧҪֻꡣ
䣬˾Ƽߵǰ档
˿̲ĴԶվһվǰñǴһ׶ߵ̨ϣߵɺϣ˰ɯڳİ֣Բ඼ȥˡ
ÿ˴û֦չ̨ϷֵչԼ̨²Χ۵ǵͨҲ˼
ЩΪĿȻĪˡ
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ǰľǵӡ
ô˵أˣİ¡

ðɣֱ߰ɯ˵ֻʵѡΪվԱߵЩѡ֣ʵ̫һˡΪ˲Ӱ찢ɯ飬ʱˡ
̨ϵĸܵͶİĽĿ⣬ı鶼Ҫˡ
ʱޱȰ̵ַĽĿ̧˰ɯԱߵİ֣ǣһĨЦ
ŮˣվߵʸûУҲ֪޵ǿʲô
֣ûУֻȻ㡣
ɯŰǰ˼ģƺ޲̽Ĵ̨ϸקֺܲģ
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վһȺʵȴŹͷĴߣӦûʲô¡־ҪðɯӦøѪûȫˡ
˭֪ɯȴŰһ㣬ԽԽ뿪
˰ߣҲֻٵվԱ߿
̨ϵЩŮΪӮñͣչֳԼһ档ƫƫЩ³ˣէһ֪ĻΪĳĳϷСףԼĿء
ֱЩ˵ĶŪЦԱߵİɯȴһĿʣЦʲô
ǸŮ˵ô֣ΪʲôҪŤŤȥһͲϴ»Ӵ
ɯ
һλ۵ӾɳһҿŶܡ
ɯ
Ҫ֪ȥʸûУ ֻĴ󣬾ȻܾЩЦ


347 ı

ЦˣǺôҲǿٻȥ
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˴аͷң̨ǰļλ˿ʼԼѡ
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ûãĵĺݾԶԶ˺ôһء
ŤԸеڱصõĿһϿϣ漴ֵɨһЩĽľһۡǰȻı·˵ǸͲҵĶ֡
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źһϣһǿޡ
ֳͬɫԣƫƫһҲ
ϣҲˣκһֳΪڴ˵һλѵʲôԵĵط𣿡
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԰ΪʲôǶûп˭Ư
ΪԼԶǣæؿԼҰȥȻˡ
ЩѹһĴǸոջ˪һת۾ʮͦˣͦص̨ǰȥϣڳ۹ԣܿһ˿ļľǸʩչĳ꣬ʵû
ϣԣȻ˵ڳбҸĴԣҳ˵Ļ
ۿŽϾҪ䶨ϣȴͻȻվôһ˵ʵŪĵܲ졣
˵Դ󣬴ӳڣûĸԻ᳤ñÿԼڼһ֮ѶԱĴԶ顣
ûĵĿõģƾʲô
ûϹӦöܿĲϲĴԡ
ĵĺüӵ߶ŭˣΪ˻ĶߵվҪΪֹ
վϣϧһԷɷ˲˵Ųߵһȥ
ϣһĨһ˵ĵ⣬ת˲šǼҪµļһﻹΪԼۣ㵵Ķһۣûǰķ档
֡ϣڶ㿴𣿡ɯȷĴͷЩŵľ˾ֵѣǰһۣûϣĿ⣬˰һ˵ϡ
ҡҲ֪
ǰ˺ܶ࣬Ҳûôǰ˵ʲôֻоһ˫۾һעԼ޴ɶ㣬Ρ
찡ϣǵķ
ŰɯļУҲһ㡣
ǸϣķҡĿԼ


348 ֲ

Ŀ֮£ֱϣֱӴȺѡԵУڰִ㵲ѵ£նĸ֪ңڳĴԡ
Χ˶˼
ôܣôķŭĵ˰һۣЦüȷֲмѾڵٶģˣ˭
԰ϣԣǱī֭Ƕʲôģ
Ϲ˵꣬ϸϸ˰ֻۣǿ̫òͬʱֶ˼ֺ档
Ҫ֪ĳܼ࣬򵥡˵ϣƵĿһ۰֣ߴңںҵһֲֻҪֲϵ֭ҺͿĨڰֵϣκ۹ϴøɸɾڰһֱûȥī֭
һʼŻɵ̬ȥһУֱϣתһͷ뺣Уʱ䣬ͽ˵ֲˡ
ϣǿ㴻ĺֲ꽻ֵУĵĸҪôͿĨ
һʼŲ֪ǺãԱߵİɯȴ²һѵ֣𷢴ϣ˵ĶԲԡΪڴ֮ǰɯһֱֵܺ׳ʲôģ
ֲ벵ϣĺ⣬ټҲȷʵԼ⸱ªģÿһպˮԼ͸úĹһ㡣˵޺ͱ񶼲ô⣬Ů˭ֲԼƤһֱˮ
ɷ˵Ŀʼϣİ취ͿĨֲϵ֭ҺŰͿԭһ㣬ɯŴԱߴˮϴ
˾Ŀ£˲ˮСԼһӣűﲻסĽͷ̧
˰˦˦϶ˮ顣ͷǱԼݹĺˮѾٳ峺Ǳûڣһɫࡣ
ѽϴˮ𣿿Ҳ̫˰ɣ
Щҧҧ촽һ̧ͷɯ˵ʲôȴڳе˶һֵ
𾪣ԣ˼飬 ʣšһֻΪ㶡
ڳ˼סˣΨϣʶò΢
۴΢Цĳ˹ȥѶòˮ̧ͷһɲǣⲻ˵ľ𺶡


349 ò

£ϵˮ龧Ө͸˸ŵҫ۹âʹΣ绨ѩ̬ת֮ȴҲ޲ɷ
һȻı飬̬棬ƤĶüϸ°ɨǳǳԭƯþ˵һ˿ҼϢ
찡֣ԭ㳤
ɯһ֣̾ƺӡ֤һвļ
ɬһЦϷĺ̬ɣ²ҪκһĶͱ飬ܿмȡ
ϹԱ߲ͣʿˮ˵ôÿĴԣҲֻһٶǰĺ׳ֹһΰɡ
Ŀ˿Աбòԣɫס
ôû˭ķͷ
ιģ㻹Ҫֱ𣿡
ɯһޱȵĳ߿˹Ĵǳ˶ĵơոжΪǣ˿̾жඪ
Цһû˵ʲô˶ܿ
ʱԱߵһЩԿʼСۡ
ǸԺ
Ƥףƶһ⻬ǰԵȻʧɫ
԰Ҫ֪ôÿոҾ͸öʾõġ
Ҳ٣ȱҾԼȥҼ͡
ƾ㣿˰ɣȿϵġҪԼҲԼ
ƾʲôȣ
ΪұƬ򡣡
Ҳ
ھͿȥ
ѽ˭˭
ۿţ˾ҪΪȥͶϹǰȰֹ˺ˣȥʲôãҲñ˴ԿϴӦǲС
գ಻ˬֹͣսȴͬʱѳϣֺõĿ˰ϣݹУԭֵԲֻгȺСȭͷһΣʮ㡣
ڱʽʼǿ½ǵĺ͸Ϊڳλ
ϣ֣صİ仰ȥЩͿԼѡ
ӵʱ䣬ǰĺݶѵþ͸Сɽһˡ
ٿĵġȻȱĴԶһأȰ֣͸֥ϵĲࡣ
Ķʱ춼ˣһƿԵĵЩʼѡֱˡ
Ȼ԰Ҳǳ˸ּʣһʼĽǵ
ûжñԵǿıÿбȴҲǷǳĵ顣
֪ԳԼмɫʵ̫ˣסƬ򣬳˲ѱκһԷ⣬ϲձ˵ԡŪñ˼ͥͣǼֱǳе¡
˵ŵĻľƬдԵĹСҪкܶԱ֪Լôġ
ƽܰôοڱ˶˷ͷܵ˵Ǹ˵ġ
˵Ȼǰɯˡ
ϾĵǸˡ
ģ㻹˼𣿡
㡭
֪ԼΪʲôղ˿Ϊİǰ֡˵˵ôȣ
Űɯ⵽Цļ۾ҲҲûȺȥˡŭתֵһܵˣ̶󶯸λˡ
ǰ׷һͬȥ浹ûס
㣬㣡ɯض䣬תͷ件ϲĿŰֲֵƤ޵һμͻ顣
òֶ˷ޣʵûǷãᵣԼ鷳š


350 ڲ

ɯǳʱ̫ˣȥɡһῨָõˡ
ðɯ鲻ĵͷǰİֱðĽĿΧţԼҲܹʡΪиôƯĴԸѣֱҡ
ֺͰɯ뿪ͱɫеϹ޸
ɯߵİֶʱͲĳԷʣҪʲô
Ϲ޿ŰɯǸɷģЩüͷİ֣Ϲ̲סüЦλڶƬԵĳƺţԴĽƷ
Ʒ
ֺ쳤˲ӣǱ߶ĵзͻͨİϺһʱÿˮˡ
Ϲ޵ͷûЩϺзˡ
лл
ָ˵ͶֵԺˣöຣʰȫһڵĿˡ
ŰЦڳҲ˷ޱȡ
ΪСЦ̫ÿˣ۾гһϸߣֿɰǳǳӡǣͺʢơ¶ѩױݣ͸һ⡣
ɯ֣߰ƷֻЩͺˣЩϺзûҪҪˡΪЩʱº̾ͿԡߣЩۡϾǰЩýƷĴǣΪЩ̫̫ûʲô⣬Ӷܾߡ
˭֪ȴһżĸ߰ɯԲҪЩȴȫ١
ԭʼʱ黹δܴﵽ׵ļʹƯҲ޷ϡЩԵʵݡ
֣ĲҪЩ飿
ɯЩɵ۵ΪԼˡ
˭֪ȴնĵͷţ㣬ЩҴˡ
䣬־ͼ͵ȥŪϺзЩϺзȻ࣬ͷҪһߣʵ
ֺò׽һ𣬾ܹڣʾԼԸΪЧ͡
ЩûܼʱڵվԱ߳Ľ
һ˫˫ֺеӣȻԸǰæġϾϸ첲ϸȵҪôһϺзʵǷתһ롭Ǹ̳ӣҪǻؼÿ޿İˣָըˡ
Ϊѵʱ򣬰ɯȴman˹һѽصӹͬʱʮĶЩҪڵ˵ǾͲóˣھӣЩҿȥ
Ű̧ĸм񣬰ɯʹ˸С߰ɣǻؼҡ
ţ
˲ͷɵþСϱƵĸڰɯ
˿ŰֺͰɯȥӰЩᡣܿ죬˾Զˣɳֻ̲һһĽѾӡ
СԲȻѾҲôɰССģԲԲģ͸ӵһ㡣
Ⱥ￪ʼһ꣬˶źôûʶǸĴԣҲڰɥոûָʱôһڨ
Ψϣһ˻Ǻѡ
ĨӰԶֻȻЦЦɫӼ̶ת󺣣һ޼
ȥ·ϣЦʰɯ˵ôЩôװ
ɯΪǵȻѵˣǸոȥʱǶʲô񿴴𣿡
š
ոճʱ򣬺Щ˶ΪǵԴ֮ɫ
ûзϣԼȫ޹ء
ҾҪǺڡһʼǣ֪˰ɡûǵ֪ĿһȻжЦ˵ɯ̲סЦˬʵӣҲû˭ˡ


351 ʵģ

ɯͰ˵Цž͵˼ſڣӴ˳
û˵꣬޾Ͷסˣ죬Щ㵵ĿŰ֡
һֱŴЦ۵ϵ˵ĺ糣¶;վºһǳĹΣǹֵƻáһжüΪĲʵ
ĳֻǵһΣɿȴһ㡣
ôˣ
ֲ׿޺ö˶˵ķʲô㶣ȥӣȴЩܵĴ۾ֳɻ
ôˣʶһˣڰƲѵʱ򣬿ȴ
ʶķӦ˻ȥԼϵī֭ϴˣԺȫѾͬ
֪֪ĵĿһԱߵİɯĬһЦ̶Ž췢һһʮĸ߸˿֪
֪ǰ޼Ǹҡ
˵ԭڻָ˱òԺҲöˮеӰˡҵǣԼûߣЩڼĿԺȴûġ
ޣ֪ΪʲôôŰһ˳ˡҪңҲһߣҲȥΪ̫ˣĺ˵ᡣ
ɯеϺзȤĳ˵ֿ꣬ĵȥŪһ´󱦶Ȼ뵽Լҵ̣Ȳתؼҡ
ֱָ˻
ɯ絽ҼҳԷɣôϺзһҲԲꡣ
ð
ɯʶֵĳպȻǲþܾ˵ڹϵѾֵزԶٷҲƽ顣

ɯصι̳̣ʹ˶ͷϰּȥˡ
ԶԶ˶Ϳ˿޼ҵǰվһʮƯСԣСƤְۣͷһСټֱ޵ԶΪ֮̾
ԼѾ˰ɯһݵСԵȹ°ɡ
˶ôˣзôҲ
ɯĿԼԣ㲻ʲô£ôͬʱʧվԭز
ɯǸİС˭Ϊʲôڿ޼ǰҡڳ֣Цģ캦ߵġ
ûʶ𣿡
ҲԼʣöԷȥЩ죬벻ԼļôƯĴԡ
һ²˭ɡ
ɯ˶׵˼æЦ
˼֪࣬ĳȥ
ʵǰ֣
ʲôǰ֣
˶˼Ҳһɴ۾
ǰΪƤ׽Ū˲ʵͳǲǺ
˶ͷԵĵͷֳַһۡȷǰĴԻҪһٱ
ŰЦҲ֪ð˳һľͽȦ˻СǸֽʵԽԵýɰ
ɯ˶ͷǳĽĿ⣬ζĳʵ𣿡
ȴͬʱҡҡͷǲʿӵаôĴԣΪǴĵҲֻǿֳԲ
аɯͲˣٳ룬ΪɯͶǲҲ֪㡣
ֻǵһοĴԳ֣һʱֻò˼𾪰ˡ


352 

ɯһˣ־ÿ޽Ӹ˳ϾĿռ̫СҲʮƽӣҪôԵ̫ӵ
ӰԺ󣬰־ͽõϺз
ף㡣
ɯһ̾æͰѲ˹ȥǳԻǰ¶һš
֪һֱʳ̫嵭Խصһз
Ϊģɯֱӳȥͱס˰֣Ư־µС޲ڡ
Ҳ̫˰ɣҪԣһᰮġ
䣬ɯͽյ˿޳ߣĺ⡣
ǰɣһĴҲҪԣ
ɯŵæִӰëҲ˵Ļ
ֱɫָ糣ֱŵõɡ
ۣзųģóء
ɯĻ䣬׾͵ͷͣţǰô֪ӲӲĶôζ
ɯ㳢ϺҲǳ
˶ϺУ᲻ԼԵݵɯǰ
ΪԣʲôóԵȻҪŸԼĴԣοĴԻո̡
ɯȻĽ˶Ϻͳͳһʱδ˶ͷ̼˰ϺС֣Ϊ裬Ҳ˲ԼԣרΪɯ
ɯŮһ̺򣬰ֲɵĽĿһۡ
ɯֿЩ˼æֹ˶ͷ׵˽Ϊ
ˣԼ֣һҲ԰ɡ
˶ͷֹͣ˶޾ֺãʼԸ㡣
֣֪ΪʲôԸЩƯ飬ҲҪЩϺзˣԭôζɯһֲ֧ĽʳһߴްԶ
ЦȻĻӦƯҲӣʵʵġ
ԶԶԣ˵û
֣
ͻȻһϺ⣬˲ͰѰֿɵˡ
ٿǰһϺǣֱЩšιôܰôϺ
㡭
衭
󱦶Թĳ߿˹Щ̫ĵľ˾޵ĸ첲
ȴɫ糣Ķһ죬ðȳԡֶܿ죬Ƕŵġ
󱦺ͶཱུϳΣֻſˮͣҧҧָȻ󷢳ѽѽί
֣¶ãҪչ̣ܸôϺҲ̫ˡ
ɯ˵⻰Ǿ˶ͷ׶ãֻǾÿչ̵£ַܽڵһѵá
Ҳû뵽޻ôʱΪЩ˲Щߵĺů˵ҲůҸС
Ϻ⣬ҲûŶһ˳ԡԼһ㣬ָ˫ֲܷſյĿιһڣһٷ˳Եÿνʮ㡣
ɯԱЩȥ֣ԼֱҲ̫ˡ
Ҳ԰
ЦӯӯĻش
ɯͷһ۷׺˶ͬʱڴЩΪѵĴͷˣǻԷɡ
Ҫ˺ͷκһιʳ˽ȥֵƴһ
֮ԴףһһϦܻ⣬Ҳܹ˵ڰֳֻѡһλԣ˲֪λ´뷳ǡ
ϴξΪ׵һҹ˶Ϊ¸һµıŤ仹Ʋ˺ܶΣֱðɯĻˡ


353 

緹ּ󱦻մʳĲĻճ˵ýʵڿȥˣԱߵǳ̲ȥϴ衣
Сһζѩ׵СȣˮϷǿġǴ󱦣Ӵó档ϲˮϲߡ
ۿһˮļĵطˡ
ֿȥĵطѾ͵Ĳӣ˲ŵɫ׵ĺ
䣬;ʧˮȥץ
СһܱҵķӦŵǽŵ׺ȻȿգһСľͨԵˮ̶档
ɲǰŵúͣˣˮȴشܳһɰСݣŴ󱦾Ƶĸˮ档
šЦ𣬴󱦾ȻŤźС첲˹
ɿ亹ƣ־ֲ˼ĿһĻ
󱦾ȻӾ˶ʮ궼ᣬ찡ȻһĺӶ硣
תһҽѧйȨ֤СӸǻӾġΪ̥ĸǱˮΧŵģҲ˵ڳǰӤʱһֱˮеģӤзǳõˮУͬʱˮлҲΪʲôСѧӾҪȴ׵ԭ
󱦲ҪƤ쵽
ԷⷢæˮεСһˮǳĵطȥҪиʲôСģСɳܲ
ڡˮﳩеĴ󱦣˲ЩʧȤɴסˮĵط̽
ɴ˿ɼС¾һβס֮̽ġ
߰벽´ΰҲˡ
հɫĻСһﵹҲԾˣǳˮ档
ָհСΪѵ÷󶸵ؾʹ˰ɯ
֡֡ˡ
ɯҴææĸ˹ʮֻţһʲô鷢
ôˣ
󱦶ߵߣɫĿһ·ܵİɯ
ɯŴɫֻʵһָԸ˴ˡ
ʲô޸˴ˣһЩš
š
Ϊʲô˴˭ѽ
˵ǲŸճԹʰôͻ˴أ˵ȵӣҲƾ޹ʵĳȥ·ǡ
߲ãҼ˼ԡǷϲϺзԾŪ˺öֺ㣬ǿȴͳͳǵ͵ʳ֮⣬ЩһĳƣǾʹˡ
ɯȥ˵ֻ꣬ҧҧ¶ЩµĺӽɯȰҿűһȥ
ţȥɣ̫ˣҪԴ򲻹㻹ܺúȰ
Ļɯû˵꣬־Ӱҵķɱȥˡ
յң־ͿմѪվ˿־ɷһ˫ɫͫ׾һżȼŵĻ棬ܽ˲仯Ϊҽ
ޡ
ּһеܵĸǰ˫ֱס׳ĸ첲ˮǵǵļϵ˿ڡ
ԭѾһս״̬˿ȴСԵĵ΢΢и˫ɱʮĽͫҲ̱ʮ㡣
֣û¡
ͷĻӦš
ϵѪ
޿˿ƷĺɫѪΣЦüȻǲҵġ
ģûˣɯ˵㱻Χ
õĵĲңǣ
˵˵ָ̧ǰǼһ
ֵģοǱԼĴСƣȴҲˡ


354 ı

һͷ֪޽ֵЩһһͷ׵վһɥɫǿŰֵ벻ʣˣû뿪
֨~~~~
ǿȭͷսûٴαȺһֳ̰Եŭ˵ŭոУԼİĶǱ¡
Ҳ˿޴˿̵ս⣬ĻŪʲôͽ޽ıסͷŻŵĳǰͷǿߣҪˡ
ͷ޶ŭȻЩ£Сԣȴֳ
~~~
߰
ּǻߣһʱɤ˵
ЩͷŻعǷ޷޲ƽĿ˿һ̶ۣСԵķԸһĲ鲻Ը뿪
ǰµļһԶֲŽսⰻȻĿɿ˫ָ첲סմ龰ӦŬԼûʧɡ
֣ôҺúýѵѵһ
ڱס޵֣Ҫκһˣ޶пܽȻ׵ȥ
ô࣬㵥ǹƥģְﲻæҵȻǴ򰡡
۵޵й˵ĺۼæżСĴ˴ʶԷ۲ۡ
޸ɴҡҡͷ˵˵ң
ô˵˴ҲΣյģ˶ڣһҿɲġ
Ȼſ޵ʵȻܶŹǲõ飬һͲϲѪȱĳ档ڶ鶼˵ǿ޻Ǳˣ Ѵ̡
û˵ֻǽȭͷɿһĿЩ뿪ķһۡ
ֲô㻹ҪǱ𣿡
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ģҲסЩˣ˶òҪع𣿡
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޵ͷ΢ġ
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ŰֺͿ޳ĽڻһĿڻһڵʵĽʡ
ɯĿⶨڰʱȴĪĸеǣΪǰЦ绨İʵ̫ˣһۣͺ޲ռΪСǰһȻѱܣѱߡ

ȥ·ϣȿڵֻ½޵ʵ̫ǿˣǴ򲻹ô죿
Լøèһ۾Ǵ򲻹Ϊ½أ˺һǵĶ֡
æĵͷϷ˵ûĲʩչȭŵĵط
һ˽һӵôƯĴԣǿ
ԣСԿôӦӵжչŶԡ
ո뿪ʱ㲻֪СԿҵжൣģţһҪߵġ
ˣСǳĵǳġ
ޣҡ
ޣˣˡСͷ½޵У˭ܵõСԵ
ޣ˵Ҫô죿
ޣҿôԵײУҪǿºѿСһ
ɱ
ûɱ
ޣƾǵԶԶ
ޣңһһǿļһһġ
˭


355 ޵ļı

ƻĺ򣬱ɫϦӳյ÷һƬξ
ԵĺˮĹâʱһͻȻӺͷԶһ˵ĸ߹֮Χ
ûκα飬ɢǿϢȫ˲Һӡ
ȽΧԱߵǼԣǰ˳
޿һԱߵļͺޣǰ˵ϣλԵκ˶Ҫǵ飬ô
ϣĻӦţĿ΢΢ʹ˼嫸С
㡭
һʱԣЩٵĳͬ˹ȥ
ʱˮݸˮϣԼݵͷ鼱еϣôĴѵһ㶼Ķ
ĶΣʹĶҲȥɱ˵顣
ûϣĴȱĻһƶ̫ԵˣɱԣǸͲлӽ
޸Ÿͣûϣֻ֪ܴҪϴӦһɱֻ½ޣԸΪס
ܡ
Ϊʲôķ񶨣ٴβĵ׷ʡ
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ֶεõĶȻҲáҷȰǣòҪЩʵʵΣ򡭡һĻֹֻǶһµ񡣼̶ͨһǱ˺ƮݵĳԺ󣬾һʧ
޺ͼ㺣ޣͬʱӣһɥֲġ
ϣӻǹŹ֡ܰôõȻԸܡ
պıԹ򢳯żѯʣô죿
ܼ򵥣ϣϡеԸϣҾͲţôĴԻûĶ
ȥҹޣǼһǱǻλԵɫء
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356 ҹ

ϵҹգɼûκ谭ڵ췱˸ŷĴںϣȻȻľγ¡
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ĸͷִչͷȥգᵽϴĶζʱĺ΢΢һ㷢ĴҲ˽
š
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ҪǿˣǴ󱦶߶ˣÿһζһ亹ÿֻһΣʵģѹҪʹޡ
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357 

޴ǵ߳ڵҹղûӰߡһ˫ܣδκ˵ӰΧ˵ķýЩء
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~~~~
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룬һǸǳѲļһ
һҪԸˣѾƫ˵㡣ҪټǿĶ֣ʤЩѷ֡
ûаһּӣúǰһûס
̫δǿǿĶ֣ϬһʱЩ˷ܣսⱻǷҰĺУſʼԭص˺ȡǶе¿Ұĸо
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û㣬ڶԷʱͻȻ͵һԾһ¾˶ԷıϣȻڶԷ䲻£һŤסĲӣص˦Զ
Ϭ޷һ̶ŭδĿǰǸһɫŵļһΪ𾪡
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Ϭ²Ҵ⣬ڵأֻ˻һȹ˲ΪƬûʱϬͻ޵ĳ˴ǰ
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358 ʨ

Ƭ̵ͣ٣ʨڵֵĴ˸ŵĳԷ˻צӡ
ƵϬ޼ֱޱȣ׳ĲӷĹֽУǳʨĸȥǿȥȷּӲıɱ֮һ
צӵĿҲǰǸ̬ȣת˲̧ǰצľϬû˵ԷæҪϧһЩڿ˹ȥһɲǣĺ˼Ѫצӡ
˿һŤŤɼǡϬƤ񣬿һצȥֱܽԷƤ̴
޵˼սϬ޲Ƕ֣һϡ
˽ӵҧ˵ͷðգҪѹľ֡ˣҲΪСԣһжֵá
ʨϬԺŴʨҧס˶ԷβͣϬΪ̫жƾʨβͱҧסԺԭذתȦ⣬ûбİ취
ں޵˳ʱɢ˿޵עŵлúȺݺ˾ʨͷ­
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Ϭԭʨǿ󣬶Լͬøһ㡣ҪͷˡϾǿ˵ĴԣҲһ̫ʵ顣
ǰﺣ˵ʨ޵ĴԳ÷ǳϬô֪˵Ǽ٣ڿһ˲䣬ϬͻȻּᶨԼ뷨
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ͲͣĵͷϬѾѸٵĽ˷Q״̬ܲ˵˦Ŵβͳ˹ȥҡŵĴԴ·ʱڵȴԷĸ
ϣֵĻֻԼǰĵطΧ￴ҲǺϬߵߵʱŷôȻ￿ʱŵʧˣ԰׵Сӳȫǿ־뺦¡
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޼Σգĺܿᵽɤۣ𡪡ĽкţҪγ嵽ȥڸո̫õԵʣı仯ûгɹ
޵˷һߣæߺȣ죬ͷʨڲܻΣƷʱ
Ϭޣϡ
ϬҲֻ֪ԼѹƿޣǷٵĴӰתƣ˿ޡ
ڿ޷𷴿ʱ򣬺޼ƻļһȴ͵͵ϣſһһ
Ƭ̣޵ͱһƵľʴӡ
ͼצӺݽҧ飬ϧЩִӲ޷Ūǡ
Աߵĺ޼֮㻶ϲϲóӽϣۿһôǿĶ־ͱѹƣһ޲˵ɾ͸С
ڸʲôſޡ
ּŻѾҪߡ
ѸٽĿĿĴԣѾΪ˽鷳ԺҲñвˡ


359 Ҫ

˭вˣǿſ
ĪĻͨ죬µžҪȥӪȿޡ
Сԣڰ㣬ȥ
ȥֱס˭֪ȴŻֱϷһƣԷ˲ͱˣɲǼ䱻̵ֱС
סҪȥ
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ϬޱֵΪߵֵĸǰΪƤԵʣҲˣֱӾŴİƽĻѸϨˡ
һ¾ͰȥĻޱȵĺſ޵֣ҪȥߣȴǰĲ
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СԣͷʨôԵɶΪʲôҪȥߣ
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ҵԣҵȻҪȥߡǣΪʲôҪ£
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⼸һǣǷһλǳĴԣᣬֻϧһ׶½ްռʹʹ಻Ҫ룬ȴûκλᡣҵԼһλĴຣ
ǰǼӦ˵ѡ
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ͺԼʵĳһְۣĿ˾Ϭϡ
ϬҲһܲĵӣСʹӣûͷʨ˶ܳΪԣ˻һһֵõġ
ҲҪҾҪ


360 

ǸҪɱŭ˵꣬ʹһѷޱȵĹǵ󲽳ڵλȥ
һͬ󣬴а׵˼
ץסǸԣۺĵܶһ㣬վԭɵЦˮûķӦ
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ɿ˼ޣתžϬʹధ󣺡֣ͣҪ˺ޣҪʲôԡ
Ϭû뵽СԻŰԼһĸоΧģ̲סСԳ˱޲ƴһȥӦκ󡣿һ뵽Ϊ飬ԥˡ
ܰԣôǿڲɱջǻصߡ
ӦСԵҪǸľӣޱۡ
ھϬΪѵʱ򣬰ֺȻݵĴӵϼһʯͷ׼ԼųϬвɱ˿ޣҲҸǰ¹ϵҲ෴ǷԸߡ
Ϭüͷһ壬ɫͫһĨ˼תæסҪԿ޶ֵǼޡ
ɱ
ĹǵѾ׼˿޵λã˿Ϭ޷ЩãȻ⡣
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˵磬ʵ̫ˣôֶ˵Ĵԡҿ᲻ÿһ˺޷
ѾΣֶ˿ʱеʯ鱻ϬһѶߡ
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~~~~
޽кţҪȴȫ޷ѡֻĿŰѹľ˺һܡ
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ӰһһǰʧͨĿţǱ˿һͷѾޣ޲ܳǰһﵱУһûм޵ɱ

ֲ֪˶ãһȻ˲侪ҹ
ɯѶϵʱ򣬷ֿȫĺһҬϣƣǱ˭һԱһ޴ɳӣҲܲµոƾһɲѰľ޴Ҭӵ˳
ۣҪľܽôƽذ
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š
˶£ǿվȴҪĳܡһԣڵϡ
ɯס𱸵˵㶼ˣҪȥĶ
ֱץˣҪ
˵գٴδ˶ͰɯǿļǰС


361 

ʲôֱץˣɯ˼Ŀ˶
˶ȻҲ𾪡
ްľ򵥸߸˶֪ļٵתȥˡ
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޸мĳ˵˵ͷŰĵĳʧķ񱼶ȥ

ֱϬǴԺ󣬾һֱźӡһ·ϣΪĲ鲻Ըߵúӡ
ϬǵıסĿ޻ʱ׷ϧޣֱӰѰֵܡ
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˿̣ҲֻܲãȻĲţԷʲô
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Ҳͬ˵ûֻаȥֻ½޲ŲҵϾǰ¹ϵԶζһʮϤ˽⣬ŵκطпܶᱻѰ
Ϭ˼Ƭ̣ŵͷ˵ǺðɣȰ˵ȥ
ҪȥĶ
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ֱΪԷҪһ˭֪⻹ûˮƨɾͱһӲӲĶһ¡
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찡ڸòһϰɡ
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˹ٶȷһЩСԡ
޽ˮУһСĶ޶
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ĵͷ˵һЯ㻹кһͬ뺣ףĺɫĺȥ


362 µ

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ͬһƱ̫֫ޱɬʣѱǰһĥƣ٣ֱ֪ı˯˹ȥ
ڶַԼһһ羰˵ĺϡͷ϶Žɫ⣬һƬεĴ󺣣ԱߵĺʱʱĴŰߵĽʯżһȺŸɹһĽ
ϳԼ⣬һŸƵ鵣һƬĪеη
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ſң
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ûϵǿ԰ֻҪЩϺзŪͻԶ𣿡
ֵͷҲ֪Է뵽ʲô취
ȵȵȡ䣬޾ͳʹ˸ɫԷܵΧȥʰ̡
Ǹҿȳһ伢𣿡
ӵָָԷĻǸذˮˣټϺþûгԵڶʮһͲŻֵĻˣʮġ


363 

ѵһϲЩ˼ĺĹ
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ź޵вѵƬ̵ĳɣ̧ͷһҪȴֵòİԹ飬ֻе˵ĹжҲѣǾԲжġҽѶСֻԹͺá
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ԶԣСĳԹ˵û㻹š
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ѵϺϣԱ߾ĿСԳʳҲޱȡ
СССڳԶÿ˹ģְһֻڿҰ˵Сӡ
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ϣǱҲϺзޱʯ£ûˡ
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ߣŰֵζһ·Ѱź˺ܾãڰζ֮ͣ
ɫͫԶƬĴ󺣣˫ȭճɷ壬˼ֱߵĹ˺ˮ׵ɳϡ
ֵζʧģ۴ĸѰңټѵ˵ǰִ˺ȥ
࣬޷ں׵ġЩһӦǲ᷸ĴôǾȥ
~~
ʨ׳ϺԾˮ档һֻùµĴˮĸ˺ߣʹޱȵʨ޲ɺĵϷ٣˵𣿡
͵̧ͷĽɲʱһĨϣ
ҹѵϺϣǼһﲻ֪ĹһλĴԣҹ޸ˡ
޽ŵĴɳ̲վɷ˵ĳ嵽ˮĸǰԿصʣȥģ
Է˹ԼǹͺͺëԴ˵üɢ֪Ҳǿɿɵ̫ԶĻСԿֲܼ˾ͻ
ૣɿɵ


364 Ѱϣ

ԣɿɵƬķ򣬴ιȥĻҪһϡ
һϣ
ü꣬ˮĸһڽ˵㲻ˮޣ˵һˣ¾һҲȥ

˼УʹꡣûȻӾɿɵ̫ԶֻԼιȥͲܳɹ
ˮĸ޼˵Ͷ䣬θڵʵ½ں׳ͨ裬Ҳȫûϣ
޶Ȼ۾У˵
ܼ򵥣ֻҪܵõһ޵ۼף˵ȥɿɵˣȥƬľͷѡ
ģ
Ȼ
ҪȥѰ޵ۼף仰ʱϳֳһ˿ãȻΪƬסôã޻δ޵ĳ֡
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⻰ЩͷǼһһۡ˼·˵һУڰ״
ˮĸޱǸͷ޵ɫԽԽÿԷԼһ٣ִ򿪻ϻ˵Ҳȥһˣܰæ
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˿ɯʶϣ
ϣĿɫ˲˲١̧ͷĿǸƤۺȴһëĹ˵ллһУҽпޣסƬδԺҪңһ顣
ȿȣ˵ģ
ˮĸЩСʱӣΰǳ⣬ǿ뱨ǰһҹ͵͵һλСκԼԶԶιȥһۣǰһͶٸҶ࿴Ҫ۾
ˮĸûа취Ӯǣֻⰶһֱȣ֪½ôƯĴԶʧһҹʱԼͰ֪ݺݵ
޵ͷһӱʾԼһ˵
ˮĸҲΪж˼֣ǰ˵ϣ˷ǳǿҪȻ㣬Ը⣬ҲҪǿŭ롣
޶˶٣֪ԷһƬ⣬Ҳû˵ʲô
ϣΨһȻֵϣյĽǴŭҲϧ

ڣŴأǳҹĻ̽ҹĳڿؽɢһָ˵ķΧ
ѵϺϣ￿ԱߵĽʯϣ˵ŲЦЦְֻġ
ȴ˵źϷƬξǿգ۽ǲɻϸỨ
Сԣĵһϣ˭أ
ִͷ˿һۣɫĮްҡҡͷ˵ҶҪҾһ˴š
ϣˣʧĿ˶Էһֲۣĵ˵ôУһڿɿɵһΣô죿


365 

ķ˸ۣ˵Σգ
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ϣԸµĻ䣬ûһɱ
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Сڰû˵ʲôﶼ͸Ų
ڰ߽˺ܾã˭Ҳû뿪Ĵ㡣ֱҹƲ˳Ƭ⡣ʹƬ󺣱ޱȵİء˿̵İȻƣñһɾ⻬ʯͷ˫ֱźԣȥҪ۾֮ʣԶԼи
Ǹź˵дż˿ޣּŵˡֲʵĸоͺñҹλأʹڶһ㡣
ָоԼô󣬴ûôĸǲŶϸһָԽԽɺǼһ˭ڳ衣һ̧ͷͷ˲Ծ
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ΪҪʳʱ򣬻ͨĸԻһǵĸԣ᲻ԾĳǿѹʱֻܳΪǿеʳˡ

ҿôֲһĨӵͬʱȻһĳ嶯Ͼ֣ʵ̫̫ˡ
ĲһˡۼԽԽǼˡ
Ƭ̣һͨ͡һ뺣ΪΣ̶Ѹʧ˰ǰ
⼸̰ļһǰĵĵ汣֤չһӣᱣİȫǡµͷһܵñһ졣
ͷҲֻпΪҪɡ
ͬʱ˿ǺԶֱת֮Уͺһ˫֣ƶʪĺ濿
ǸȥᱻʵڿƲסǸԽԽ񫣬˵ĻֿʹƵġ
˫ɫã¶ĿԶ׼Ծ뺣Ϊһʱ򣬺Ȼ̽ɫԴ¹⣬žͬʹա
ˮʪǵӣһ˫ǳӣԽĵ͸䡣
һԼƯֱϢ
~~~~~
Ժ󣬾͡ˡһ˺ȥٽžûʶֻоԼѾͨһԻξ


366 Ź

Ѿ뺣УæڶƯβٶȽס
Աߵϣȴûע⵽һС˿̵һͷ¹һںϣѩ׵ƤźñǰӨĹãǳĽһ𣬶Ϊ˵ںϡζβںˮỬʱʱԾˮ棬¹⽻ӳγ˺һ羰õĺ촽΢΢¶ȴޱ˵ڶϵĵֱ
üһ벻Ȼջ񡣡
һ̾ԺæŰεϣߣ쿴ǲһλԡ
ϣζβϹž޲ɨɨһۣ§ڻǸССԣ·û̫ȤﷴΪʳֺαعʲô壿
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ĸ첲ֲסظһƬõĥ䣬ٵͣ˽ŲɫЩ̾𺳵ĳֻؿ һۡ
Լİ£ǸԼģз
ҪǡܳΪԼĴǸöð
뷨ŸոձĳԼһΪ̫٣һŻһλԣڵڣһλԡһλѾȥ޷ٵηܵΡһλδꡣڵʵ̫ˣΪģٳٲԸӦ˲ѣʹһ޲ͷʹ֡ȥֱ֣
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ϣ仰ͳĶߡ
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367 ĺ

٣һư׹أµһ١
ʪĺ紵ӤĸϵĽС֣ղܡ
Сԣѡ
˯еİָоһ˵ĲӬΧĶߣߴߴĳͣͷСҪ㿪¶֮ʱȴ˸ˡ
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С£ֻǵ㡣뿪Ժ㿴ʲô𣿡
鲻ỹãһ־
ŭɶĳ˵˹ȥǻ˵飿

ͷһĺ֡ȻôںҵǵΪʲôҪƴİ°ǲǶ˵ҪҲ˺𣿲Ƕŵһֱ𣿺ǣԼʲô񻹺˼Ҷ졣ֱͲָЩһǰĶԼã֮Ի˵Щ뼤ŭǡ˭ǲԸǺ޼ˣҲӦԵķҲֻȥǡ
⻰ǹȻЩѵԴĬ˺һĽͣСԣΪԲŻߣ֪Ҳᶪ㲻ܣһ뿪
һû˵ʲôԱߵķѵϺϣͷŭĳ˹ȥ
Сļһߣǣ
ԣҪǿˣҲŲͬ顣
ˣ޵ͺͲֲûмʶٲߣҵսΪǸеʳ
Ҳ֪뿪ͻΪ޸еʳѵǾͲģ
ԡ
˵𣿳ˡֲǲ԰ı⣬˫Ŷ䣬İתһȥ
˼СԶԼʧ޲а̾Ϊٴеڲѡ
û뵽˾ϯ˵أСԻܰȻǸļһӦþʳ塣֪һв龪һǾ͸òһеСԵߡ˵˿Ӯķģһ£Ҳࡣ

ɿɵϣܺ˾ߣȻҹϻءȾҵ˰ɯѯʳϣ֮׼תȥѰΨһܽȳİ֮˵ʱĿɰȴһһҵıסȣ˿ĹűҲߡ
ǰҹ󱦶˾ţһҲ֣Ԥ·һ춼ȻɯպˣСһﻹǿμ׵İְ衣
òװѷ糾͵İλˣ׶ûУȴתҪߣСһﵱͼˣôҲ֡
һſ㲵˿
漴ë޵СԹϣĨĨϵı飬̾ϢŽǱ˻ԣҪȥȰ裬𣿡
һҪߣҡ˹ĵԴ޾Ĳᡣ


368 

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վź˺ðΣֱ̧ҵƬ̣Ҳ˻Ӧ
ȥҲ֪ʱܵȵԷ
ļ٣ȴҲûа취
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˼̧ͷпһۣԭŪŵǴƯСݡ
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⻹ǳ⣬һֱűƣĪЩԴסǿŶԷ𽥱ò̫Ѻá
ι˭
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һ˿ĽͷԺĿ˹ǳɫӴɢ߷ĵٵ
㽫Ҵ»ѣոյĻӦɣ
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ң
˶ıüһ̧ջĿޡ
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ްһﻹǳҲ֪޵ġҪƽֽ̹ʵùݣѹţϻгôϸֹ˵ԡ
ףɯΪʲôᱳ͵͵˵һˣ֪һĴڣ˵ŭѰһиԴżմԷŪϡá


369 

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󱦶ͬճĿɰʱ˵ĺɲǵͣ͡
ƯĴ̣ޱȷ۵ļˮĿתԼӿ޴¶һСȣԲģȥͿһڽѩ׵ź˿Ҳ֪Сһ뵽ʲôĵ飬Цˣ쿪ĹͲŸոճһģŴŴģôҲᡣ
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ϣһģʹԼƽȵĿԷ
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Ȼڲûй׷ʹ̣ĸҪĶǳҡ
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ۼףֻǰƬۼײġ½̵Ժ󣬶ʱںﳩΡ
أ
ԣǶǳİԼƬװ£ΪǿƬǵ࣬һȫ䣬Ҳ̫á
üͷٴϣã鶯֪ôһа취𣿡
ϣ˿ֿ˿ƺЩˣŴʪԴƣĿԼİֵļһ˫ڵˮأȥһ˯ģ
һϲ֫Ӵϣ̲סȥǵĳ嶯
ҧҧͷתǿпסԼ嶯΢ĻӦ޵ҵңȻԸԸֻÿڵõԼҪĶʱҲҪӦĴȥſԡ
޲˼ĻӦԷֻҪܰҵۼףҸʲô۶ԡҵԣҲԼҪȰֵľġ
ϣ̾һһɣ̬߰㵭ڰ˵ҲҪֻҪ㽫һ
ʲô
˲׺䶥ԭأ򲻿˼ޱȽӲϵԼ͹ԣ޲ĵķŭ̡
˵һ̣ҿԴӦȡ˵ۡ
ʮָذѹ̵ıɫȥҪʲô
㲻Ҫ֪㻹Ȼİ£ôֻдӦ
~~~~~
һʨƽض𣬿޽ķڵϣ˫һſγһͷ͵ʨ
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370 Ѿ

צǰס죬һ״һХķʨѾʮĳԷ˹ȥ
ϣüĿվԭأƽĺȻ˾ˣһɫľ޴βˮ¶˳
ҫ£βƬ˴Ŀ߲֮⡣
ۿʨļצӾҪ˶Է壬ȴβʼɵĽºˮÿһεĽͻἤˮУˮڿתҲ¡Ƭ̾γһȻˮϡ
ʨرεĳ棬Ӵϣֻһˮ֮ȴôҲԽˡ
ʨҪһ谭ȫԸ
ˮһߣϣղһ˿⣬ɫĿ޴һɭҪĶ⣬ûܹ㡣úúÿǣһ㣬ǽΨһĻᡣ
䣬ˮĻ˲ʧͬϣӰҲһɲǻΪΡ
ƽĺ𽥻ָԭģͺ񷽲ŵһж
ź̲ϵµĽš֡СѼӲ񱼣޴ˮ˳Ƭ̣㻯ΪΡ
ıڻУĿȴ׷ϣʧķȥ
ԭǴ˵ޡ
ոԼڳ˹ȥʱˮĻϾ˿һǰδеѹУ¶Էûи涯֣ҲӦˣǸһǳǿǿֻҪһˮͿ֮пһС

ΪԷֻǸпõļһֻҪ΢õǿӲֶܽŵùԹԵԼ¡˿򵥡
ѵ˵ҪԼһȥΪ
ͷɫʹĽ§ڻԽ§Խͬʱۣɿ
ֱ̣˭ʧȥǣǡǵİ豻ˣѰۼȥͻڻ
ô죿ô죿˭ܸ׸ô죿

εĳ䡣
бھް֮еϣһɺΧţż߲ʰ쵵ȺιƮݵˮγһߣӭž¾׵ֱɺزٵһ羰
ʲôҵʺ己ܵԣ
ϣĿĿǹе䵭Ȼûֻδ꣬ҪһЩʱա
̫ˣĶȥ
һʱշ죬ͣĴŪơ
˭϶Էȴ̻³֣
︹飬ôΪһ̣һˡ


371 Ȩ

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ǱΪľһ˶Բߡ
Ϭ޸ǵʱ䲢ˣǻԽ£Ժûлᡣ
ѵϵĻ䣬ϣҲͷǰϬǱѾܼˣνԽС
СڶǼΪų⣬˵£Ƕ˵
ѵ϶ʱٵüô죿ܲܰСԽϬһ˰ռɡ
ϣǲԸԴ˳Ĭ֮С
ϣȴգգԼ˫Ұֽƻ۾뵽ʲôӵа취
޺ͺȲĿͬʣʲô취
ڵ׺һֽβߣ߻һֱƣߡߴӳԺ󣬾ͻһֱŴ߽䣬½ʳ˯ͣΪһͣ£Ǿͻ
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ڱϵİּ޷˫Ұ׵ۣһĳ߹ȥİͷƫһߣⲻȥ
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Сԣ㻹ڵͷʨ𣿡
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ҧҧԷԼԽԽٿؾͳ˵Ҳᡣ

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룬ȥǰ취ֻſδҲ̫ˡ
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һڽôҪôԾȣƬܣ㶼Ӿһˮɡ
ȥֻܴһ֡
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Ű˲סYYȻСԽʱҪʲôƻȽ꣬˿ȴȻԼ˵ΪԼ˻ŷС
ĵļ˷ܣ鳲ȸһ嵽˰ֵߣŴͣ˼ڸ˵
⣬ѵΧеڶˣ
ȷԺ󣬶ԷõȥȡһҪĶȥˣӦúܿͻǻСͻԹԵˡ
ȥȡʲôˣ
⡭
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ϣ𣿡
СԾȻǵ֣˷ܵˣͣĵͷ˵ǣҾϣꡣ


372 ϶

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ϸ˺ܾãҪҸǽ£ҲǲԡĿǰֻܴǵѡһ
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ããŬܿԼҪЦı飬ԼĽгôҲû뵽СԻ᳨ĻһڷѵϺϣ֮ѡ
֪СԶĸоǲͬģһҲУѡԼ
Ǹֻѡ㣬ǻԺ᲻᲻˰
ǿԼ˫Լѩֱϵƣ°ͣװһֺµӡ
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ˣǶ߰ɣҸС֮Ҫʱ̣ǿɲҪ
ƵСˣĲ˵Ƕ˵ļ򣬽žͳǱײϵĲ
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Ļޱȣװ˵ԼܶϧΧѾҲܹʳõҰˡ
ѵϺϣｻһͬʱȥΪѰҳԵġϾԺĴ㡣ʱܷСû㹻ʳ֧ţǻΌסġ
ѵϺϣֻ뿪һˣһذ֡
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򴽣ԴⲻöԷе˵Уѡһֱ㡣

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ϣأСԲ˷ڣһιʳһ֣ܿͰСԺùЦ
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375 ̽

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ѵػˣԶ˵ȻǷǳҪҪûˣôҲˡ
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377

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ڻأСԱˣúõģͶһ㣬ĻҲЩ
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379 

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380 ԩ

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381 

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382 ӱ

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383 󱦲

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384 

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385Ů

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ϣΪǰСԳòǷ⣬һֱǴֵӵġûһǿ׳Աʱûа

ļ͹ңΧһЩҲȲϡ
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386

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˿ޣΪʲôѡͳȥǴ󱦣ǶΪǽ㣬ԡ
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ޣȻҸ㣡


387 Է

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һϵʳҲڡ
ϲЩǵĶԼһϺרСϡ⼸ûаְ飬Ȼɳ֪࣬ԼԷҲѧԼס
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˵Ա˳ԷĶӺݺڣȲĳɯ֣һ˫ڳӹǿ
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ǰֹɯЦŴסû£ҵ̧Űƨɣǲˤŵġ


388 粨

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Ϊǵ̫ϲˡ
㣡
Ľ⣬Ŀһͷ૵ǰҡ
˵žͲСѵ¶ЩҰͰԵΪ㣬ôƯ˴˶ϻǡ
޶ʱ޹ǡ˲𣿡
ûģɻⷽһġ
һ䣬ĸƷòŴû̫ϸòá
޲˵ȻҪǰߡ
ΪԼոյĻǿ޲ˣæ׷ȥסԷĸ첲ѽҸո˵ģ
ĿƵû
Ҫȥģ
ȥϣ
Ϊʲô
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Ŀһ٣żôܡ
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ǡ
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Ŵ˶˵ע⡣عͷŷһԹĶҡεĲӳ
ոֻ۴󱦵飬֮Ժˡû˷ӣ˹߶֪
æ±𣬽ǿн˿޵Ļ㰢֣ĶҪȥ
䲻֪ΪʲôҪԼôȴС첲Ȧס˿޵ĲӣԹϽļϣɰСԲϳ
Σ̾һʲôҲû˵Ŷͻ

һУսȥĿַºӴҴ˳
̧ĿͿֱϬȦڻУԼʹĽž
Ϭ޼Ȼ˽˵׼Ҳûн޷
ſŭ˹ȭͫɱⰻȻ
ϴɱǼֻ޵ʱһ뽫ͷϬֻϧڣû뵽һš
ϬЦųƽĿޣִһڣһȺһ˷Χ˹
Щ˵Ϭİ֣ʶǡ
֮Իһ𼯽ȫΪһԡ
ǸԽСģǺԡ
հֱǼ޴ԺϬ޾Ż¡һȾ͵˰£Ȼʧȥϵ
ΪǰɶĺҪԶʱżȻ֪ǶѾʨɱˣǸȥĴҲ»صʨߡ
ϬΪ˴ŭѣŭǼһû֮⣬뷽跨ŽԶصĴ㡣
ϾʶԵԺԺҲݲĶ


389 

ȻشԲףΪǿʨػһ½Ķ֣
һΣΪԼս㹻Ȼʨ޵ʱȻǲһûж෽Լ϶Ǵ򲻹
ھϬŲ֪ǺõʱǸĵĴԺȻͳˡ
Լһܻһ۵ĵطԼαװȻ͵͵ǼҵһС
ΨһͬǣϬǼҵĴԣںȴͷʨ
ļ̽ڵ֪ͬɸ˵ĿԺ󣬱ԼЭ飬Ըһ֮һǾɹԴ󷽷ĽСԴߣʧܣҲܽ
Ϭ޶СԵ˼ǣȲľʹӦĵҪ
һ̣Ͼ֡ǣԴֱ޽ӻԺңһҹǴ粽ŶԷ
ϬŬ˺þãҲûҵʵĻᡣ
ò׵ȵ죬ˡ
~~~~~
˫ȭգͷŻ谵ҹһ֮ϵƤȹ˲仯ΪƬ
ΧǼһʱŵĿһ۶ԷȴһȦޱΧ£
֪ʨ޷ֻѡȺ
~~~~
һХʣ޵ĿѾһͷľ޴ʨӡɫͫӳ¹⣬ɨһֱִֵۣȽǰ֫ǰһ㣬ˣڽǰ
з紵ͷɫëһһȵģʨĿɢŵȴ˵Ĺ⣬ſ¶˼Ƹֵһһٶ·ܱлʾ
Сģһúܡ
Ϭ޳ҲȻ֪޵ʵͽŵˡ
ϧŸ˵꣬ʨǰ֫Ǹһ˵˵ϣצֻһӡǸһͱӵƤȴ׹է֣Ѫ鳤
ʨЩһҲҵģһٶȻΡ
~~~~
~~~
˻~~~~
һʱ䣬Ұ޶Ľ˷
ëȻŷ־ʨѾëɫػƵ๷ΧǶŴкɫߵƤ׵¹¶ɭݣʱʱĵͷѱ¶Ұ̰ɱ¾ıԡ
żʲҽУʨܿͺ๷սӴһš
Ϭ޳žʨ޲ʱҲɵĻ͵Ϯ뵽ϴһһļƻңһΣһ鷢
ǧĸ߹˾ʨΪԼԺܹȣϬҲ˼ôˡ
ԹѲڣͳϾЩ๷ȺҲһСඣսʮֽƻַǱѰҪǻ쳣͡ǰﺣޣֱϵµĲϬ޵ļ룬ͷϵǸǹʮ㡣
˵˶ԷԱԺЩ֧
Ա߿Ҳżޱȣ˵˺ɱ棬ҪȰȫܡһ޶ңӦô࣬ԼɢעвͻᱻҰҧƺ
һȽżҵ˼㣬һʨ𣬰ֺȻ־ʨļ򴦣ȻһֳѪ
ʨ˲䷴˽ǸļһҧͬǵûΪ¶ˣǹѪζԽ˷ܼ
ҰڵĿѱһս
ղ԰׵ĿһĻһһ֣ӰѾһе˿ޡ


390 Х

ҼİԴԴϴ·Ҫ̴ĶĤ
ֲЩǴӿ޻Ǵӱ﷢ıͷ¡
ڰй۲Ҳ˲ԾıֻϬ޴֣߰Լ˿ǣסޣǰǺпܻҪ
УʨвʵҪֹܳʱȴȻһ磬ʵĺХҪ˵ĺ֡
ϮͬµĴҲ˲ô£
ʶһۣؾɫ԰ף˫粻ס찡ǺХ
Хˣ졭ܣ
ĵһЩʨŤһŵ๷æͷڿɫˮǽԴ߿֮ԽߣԽǰĽʯž˵ϯһеĳʱ๷ԼϬﻹ˵ϱģɳһǣٶȷɿ
ɲʱˮĴҰ޵ľΪһ壬̶ʨڸӦΣϮ˲䣬δߣǷһڵķȥ
ֻϧδ߽ͱ˾뺣ߴˮġˡ
ˣ֡
ŴУȴ͵Ǻһ̵ĺˮؿҲ޴ĳײƷʹֻñͣŬ۾ˮһƬ磬ȫͿְӰ
ѵĻ
δйľӿĲԼܲܺһ
һ뵽ûߣ޾ͼƴǰΣ֪־ٶǼΪΣյģǲԸͣ
žͷּػźڰߵëǰӶˮԵֻǴͦŶƤ͵źȣǸӲдıģ͸ȵ룬ȫƷǰͱ뺷޲ɰԷЦ⼸ҰӵôҲûжⳡ֣ᣬﵹǺܲ١
ţȴ־˺ʧˡԭҪûĺХҲ̼仯ΪС
ӿĴ󺣣ǰһ뻹Ҫһƽ羵ֱ˲š
޴ˮ̽ͷһ壬˼ֽɫͷĵԺȥ
ǰڻָԺüΧź֡֡ģ
⡭ȿȡޡ
ڰһſŵİ̧̧ɬ˼ļɬֿǺ
ּɬ˦˼ֻؿڴĵϡϺˮã
޿첽˹һѴɳְǿڶǰʪۺȵľӨôûУ
ҡҡͷԷ֣񾪿֣ˡ
޿˿Լץ˵ļ͸첲Ѫˮɾֻʣֺ˵˿ڡȻûκʹһ㣬ֻǽĽڻס
ԺԽϧǰѵ벻ףˡ
ȿȡ
~~~~
๷Ϭ޷׷׻ָΣ񣬶ֵ档ⳡХֱҪǰóʱ䲻򡭡
ɫɭȻĿЩһǱļһɫĽֵٴþ׼ȴ˵ˣ
ϣ
ʪ͸͸ıײԱߵĽʯϣ˿ѾҲʵȴȻ֪һֲ˼ĺһԵ֡
ֺͿ޽˵ȥȻڲԶĺƯϣİӡ


391 

һͷʵﱧһڷīͫ׶׶üЦģһ𾫵ϸ̵մޡ
޴˿źȦϣ޳񾱣һ˱ԼĴĴָʱʱ衭衭Ľк
£ȴһɫββνϣǹĸƬҫ貶ĿƯĹˮ֣ٳǾգֱλõѣ
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˵岻ĵòżԦ
ûв´ոǳХΪ
尡ô壬Ҳһ˰¡Ҳκ˵Ϯ׷ɱˡ
ֻϧϣһ̫䣬δڹ
һΪʲô֣ﱧŵĺʨ޴Եģ֮䵽ʲô
Ķ룬һϮòϰ¬˹ֱһεק뵽˺ףཱུðһˮݣ㳹׼žûãһӷ׳ªʬ͸ˮϡ
ľսתҪܣǽȴˮĺסôѣȴް취
̫ˣ ˵˵ǿܿԭġǸһһδֻգգ۾⺣׵һʩ˷һȫƾٿء
Ĵ˿Ҳݰסȣ޷ѵ߷ߵĳֿ˹ȥȴ֣ⷢͿ޾Ȼûбˮȫж
ĵͫѵ˵ϣγ֣Ϊ˰
ֺͿҲʶһ㣬Դмϣ
ޣԩ޳ΪʲôҪǣ
๷Ĵ׿ܵ¬˹ĪȱʹȴҶϣ¶һ˿ԹֻΪʡ
˭֪ǸȴĿĿһۻƯֻζβٳָڵλÿ
Ҫôãɱ𣿡
ϣ૳仰ϵĮı飬пܲһ򵥡
ԱߵöϺˮŵ䣬ҲٿôˡɱˡǸúεѪȣ
᲻̫̣˵֪ǸǿʳʤΪѪȱ磬ǡոѾһ˲ûˣʬҲϺԵֻʣ׹ǣ˵ʵڵģĲ²ǶǼٻһ˿ˣοһȺˡ
޶ԣĸ첲˻Σżֹǵ黹ڣôС
˵̣ޱһĨɫͷḧŰֵļ򣬳οãɱܵøһѵ
ֵͷ˵һã޾ͷתȥ漴һĨаЦݣγЩˮݲסļһȥ
ҽһǹһҲ֪ʲôЩ˵ĲҽУ֪ǵ³ǳʹࡣ
תʱ򣬷Щһﶼͨͨˮ½ðȾƺ÷š
ʲôˣ
糣ɫ˵ûʲôǵĽŽѡ
ֹ˿ĭ˵ʲôȴȻһɫˣôûжԴԶֵϰߣ־ɡ
ֿһɫ԰׵òһ˿ѪɫģǸҪ޲޵ȻǱ޸ոյĶŲˡȶڶ£Ҳס졣


392 ̾ĸ

ҡ
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ǺĴԣǺŮɱңΪС
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ֻʨצۺצָ׷Ĺ⣬þһ㡣
ģҲɱ㡣
Ŀϣ˫ۻһ˿ɻˣÿں油䡣

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ΪеĻ¸ۡ
ۣѹ֪ʲôǴ۵ʱһʱԼߵնشĴʹޱȵĲҽһæ˫סԼ֮ȴоԼԭ⻬ϸļֵ״ָⱻճȵҺ漴δ׹䡣
ѪѪöѪ
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ڻָԭƽ
ֽſ޵ߵϣߣʱѾ˯ˡСεĹסϣĲӣ׾ԲСͿؿڣС촽ֱ˵˵վʩ֬ÿͷҲǰЩ
ϣչ˵úܺãߵʱҪá
μʶԺ󣬰Ҳ׷ˡ
лл㡣
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ϣĻش仰ֵͷĿһѾ˯һۡһẈ̂Щ۵ָСı漴Ŀ˰֣ϿȻҪһ𣿡
֪ж뱧Լ̫õıһϣ˯ģֲֻ̳ϧҡҡͷˡϣ˯ô㣬ҲǶβŻ˰ɡ
ڰֵĻشϣ⣬űûΪʲô
ȴϣô֪һΣգ
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ϣ촽һĨǳЦκθӣȴһ̱ޱºͶĿŻбþ³һ㣺ҵġ
ֺͿͬʱѾ˯ŵ飬Ͻв˼顣
ϣڸոǳ֮ǰӲֵͻȻ޲ͣһֱǣʱҲ£ǲӦóʲô¡һͬҲ˸ոյһĻ
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зһĨӨû뵽Ϳһ
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иˣϣֵĳ󡣡
ģһᾡܲһ˺


393 Ǳ

ϣʧԺ󣬿ҲǣŰֵֻ
СѾڴ˯ţ˱ֵĴĴָۻһСϹۡմδɵˮñճһϸˮ
ǰ۵ĽŮڻǵеޣ¸ոһ޵ú
εǰס˰ֵһŻˡ
㿴ڵӸǲһģһ
૵ĵͷǡ
֪ˡֵȻθ˼֣ˮ뵣һĨĲ˼顣
ôˣ
ǸոоգҲ˹ؼá
ʲô
ܶ˫̥Ӧģһ˻һɥˣһٶ֪ҾãһǶողΣգԺܺ£һֱһֱǣ˴󱦸ӦˣͬĶҲΪϣŻ֡
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м
ŰϵĴ΢΢һأ̧ͷ
ֿ죬ɫͫ񸲸һ˪Ƶġ
ôˣ
ҡҡͷ΢ƴϵû¡
зӷǣҲû·ϣֻЩƣĽͷ˿޵ļ̾ޣ뿪ɡ
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š
ٶȼ𣿡
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ûϵϣúúõġʲô£ҲܸӦõ
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š
ڶ죬ʰһУȥɯҸ
֪һҾҪ뿪ɯһǧ᲻á
ǧðʱС½һҸ
ǰ˶ı͸˶ԼҴ̰ģһ뵽һɰƯС£һģԼͰԼ׵Ժȥ


394 ؼ

һ·ɽˮֺͿ޻߰ʱŻص塣
Щ˵֪޸櫻޲衣Ͼһ׼һ硣
Ҳǹʷ¡ʢһЩδɢȥ
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겻ɯ̵ĸͷ࣬ҲøƯˣüۼ䲻ٱƣԽŮζ
ֽ㣬ڿϻˣһΪǻһֱء
˵⻰ʱɯ̵Ŀٴһ˿ԹΪǲ֪뿪жǡ
ЦŽɯ̶ǰһ˿鷢ƲĶϸô᣿ǵļҡ
ôȥôã˵ù˺ͻ𣿡
ĿһЩ˸еΪڼ䷢˺ܶ顣
ֽ㣬ո˵ǵĴ󱦱壬𣿡
š
ô°
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ǡܻ𣿡
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Ϊʲôǿѡ񣿡ɯ̲̫׵°͡
ּҲˣԼں߷һ飬Ե˵ɯ֪
ɯգĬ˰Σòŵԭǳٳٲ龹ô飬أҳôйǵĲٴ˵ȴûм
ǰ֪λô飬ҾͲôӦ뿪
۵һıˣɯæļοֽ㣬İɣһصߵģİ裬ˣᶪǲܡ
ֵǵĺӲֻǾͯûԼչˣЩκͶԲˡ
˵ģֽҪҡ
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ּ˾ȣԽȤⲻĪٲڵ
ֽ㡭˵òá
ȷĪٺܾǰڵɯ̳꣬ȻɽµԸɯȴһֱڵȰֻΪϣԼνµشͼ֤뿪ǰҲ˵ҪԼϲơɯ֮ĬĬŵΪɯ̵İȥ󣬰־һֱһչȻǰѰֵΨһˣûѪԵȴʤѪԵ
˵ͻһȣͶ˺ü¡
Īÿļ٣ȴֲɯǰ֡ɯߵ׷ԽԽ࣬һˣͲӦԼĽÿ̻̲ա
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ޣǻȥɡ
á
վɯ̻ûҪؼҵ˼ȥһ
ɯѵ֮á


395 ʧ

־ŻѣԼѾûסķݣЩůֳ˸п
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Ϊûסӻǻҳأ֩ɶѡ
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ǰûסĵط˵Ҳûš
⡭ô£
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ллɯ̡
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á
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ڴͷߣԴʹ˫ֲ뷢䣬鿴ųĬҲʧ䡣
ôˣ
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ͬһصԵر𰲾ŵĵطҲйоأǰëදȻ͸һûиĻƵġ
ǳٶۣҲò̫Ծб͵͵һۣһרעʵšëⷢһ˻~~~̡
תдЩģҪ粻ԳֵͰԡˡ
һأȴšüĸѯʣôˣ
ֱղһµǱԷϽıŪò֪ˡ
˺һӲ˸˵ҵСӿҪˣе͵ʹʹġ
ϼָԼĹҵؿڣһƬѩףʾѲԡ
Ұࣿ
á
˵ֻ࣬࡭Ĳ
⻹ǰʶǸ
ôһҲ
ֱöһаûеȵ޵һ ԼﲻЩƵúܡ
ˣˡ
򿪿޵֣ôˡ
Լû𣿻ǿ޶ûȤ
ҲҲû˼ԾʹԡͰվ˳æɵƤʵʵ
һС죬ôˣ׸ˣȻͶ;ö
ĽҿƤԼ¿һۣûְĸǰһȺϸϸװ׵ģôͲעأ
ѣġ
޲֪СžţҪѵƤæסֹ
ȣͲҪ
˵ίջ
û취ֻЭҲõҰϵˮɾ˵Ȼġ
һ⻰ֶˡ˵ףҲǹġǡԼոյòôô޶ԣ»ݣڵĺðɡ


396  ̽

һ磬ֻ޾ͽˡ
ֲĳޱԹ˵Լþû˯صΪʲôҲ˯һ
޸ĪˣҪһɯ̼ȥԷ˵ʲôҪ
֪һеİҲֿޣҴ˴ȥϴŮڴͷѽѽҧָˮǣȥİ˳Ҳϴһ
СĶʰòˣֲűźųվſڲдûĪ٣ǰһ
Ī٣ָ˵㣬Ҳˡ
𣿡ĪٿõһЦмٵĿ޺ʶĳһۡվſޣǵĴҲ֪һΣԼǵʲô鷳
ãĿ޲ûгĴףһƽȻ·ղŵĻһҲû겻޵ƢǱˡ
ּĪʱʱޣزµ˶Էļ˼Ҳ˼ֵǰν˷ϲ¾ˬĪ٣ǲʲô·ѽ洺ģдϡ
Īٱ˵ٿһ죬æ˼Ĵȥ櫣ɱЦˡҪɯ
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ԶԶİ־ᵽһ㣬ڽŵ˲䣬ƳǿڼŻĴʯﹾˮ˴˵ζʹ˵ͷԾķڳˮ

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Ի⻹ǰִδԹģһ뵽ɯ̺Īٵ⣬Ҳúܲ
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óԡϴŪĻóԡ
𣿡õֵĿ϶Ժɯ̸˵ˡ
ǰǲԭѡַЩʲô
ɯæĵͷţ˵ȥɽϲժһЩа˽Ǻ͹ƤȿϵֲȻɹɣŪ飬ٰϡ˺üβζء
ɯԽԽĸˣĸܸ£ĸ
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397 

ٻԵú죬ò
¿ǳԵÿģҲĴӰһȥųһڣͱǺͨ죬һ߿ţСֱʡ
æһˮͬʱ޵ôСôιôĶ
޴ԲֻǲĿ
һ˰ѵϴٶҲιʳ
˭֪Ÿո˵꣬ԭֱСһûỨɣŰ׻ĸ첲̶̵Сָͷ͹һָƯĺֱת˵ҪҪ衭Ҫ
رŪÿЦã̧ͷ˿޺ɯǣϸ𾪺Ͳ졣󣬽ĬġЦ
ֽ㣬㿴㣬ܳġ
һ죬ѵ⿨ޡΪ˳⣬͵վ޵ϣֱ˸첲Ҫ죬ŵðһѾͽק˻
ӴҵڣҲŰ
ڸոĲСЩҪû룬ðġͽСˡҪ̳ʹ˰
֣ô죿
޿ŮֵܲʳոǺֱôҲǣ˲伱öͷðˡ
ֵͷһǲèһСһε̾һô죬ȥˮˮһ԰ɡ
һⲻǵ¶һĨЦžͰ˵ˮٸ̳ԡ
ܳԵ⣬ҲˣԹԵһһڵĿʳˮһʳȻһЩζСһȴõ÷ǳ֡һڣʱʱ³Сͷ˻˻һӦòˣͷԡ
ֵҲ⺢ӻɶģΪŰ˵Ļ򣬳θҲһ㱦ǿ˵ˣƳҲʲô󰭡
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398 

ɯ㿴ĵõ˰櫸޵ףĪϲʤ߹ȥǣסɯ̵֣˷ܵԳֵľٹͷ
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ȻԼһĪѾûٸйϵЩͷ飬˭˵׼أ


399 ڵı

Īٸűٳû߶Զڸһݵͣ
Ϊʲôˣ
ͣЩĿĪ١
Īȴû̫ȥĶ
Ҫ㣬Ҳ˵
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һҧ϶ٵһĨŭĪ٣ǰǴ˵ġ
𣿡ĪĵɨһۣЦһҲ˵ˣǰڡ
֪ΪǴεңҡʵҲǵڲ֪ࡣ
Īٵʲôࡣ
٣ҲƭңǸͷβķ˻ƭ⣬ʵʲôҲûС
µһʱһʼԷͷԵġͷ˶ߣ˳úÿ˵һ⣬ʵһǴ
ÿκͬе˳ȥԣٵÿصԼ֣ͻҸָĽѡҪǣܵС£ϴαٺάݰ죬άݵԿԺԥվΪάݳɲأͷԵں浱źУžĵúܡ
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Ҳ˵࣬˵档뿪Ժ󣬴СɼλϹÿڴʱĪĹ׶ǰé
ÿһֻҪϳ֣ࡣҲĶǴǼʮΣյġȻ˵ıҲǶࡣ
뵽ǰĪٻϲԼʱǶԼƴӡʲôҪʲôֻҪͼܡ
񡭡ȴǸɯ̵ĴߵԽԽÿ첶õʳʲôģǸԲ˵ʱʱȥҰ޻
Ƽ˺üΣÿһζҧĪٿǱھܾģҲ֪ôˣڵĸı䣬ֺٽʧȥĶҪ
Īٺɯ˽µĴ㣬ñԽĲˡ
ټϲ⼸βˣǷҲ̫ãԽԽˬʹ뽫Īصĳ嶯
뷨һѿͷ̳
ٿĪٵǰֹΣҪĪٶ޶ԡֲܷȥ͹ȥȻһЩ˵޷ԼòôҲԽԽչ˲ˡﻰ⣬˰ʾͰʾ
ÿһδĪٶûиӦĬĬŵþˮ˿ʯӣ˵֮⣬ȥ޻ء
ⲻ˵ĪٽҪɯ̽ˣʵڵĴĻᣬŰ಻ס˹
֮ǰһ˭룬ĪٵҲûۿ
ԹֹԼۣԻŭҲȫ˲ϡ
ΪĪٸˣɽ⡣
ֻǵӦһ䣺Ȼأ
ҧҧίĹƻԲŻԶ㡣ҿҾá㡣
ллллƿʵ䵭
û֮Եʣô㻹صҵ𣿡
ţĪӦûϲģϾĪٿΪµˡܵ˲ƽĴֻҪ֣Īһܾ


400 Թ

ûеȵ𰸵ı٣ɵȴĪٵһߡ΢Ĵǣ
ٲʵЦʲô
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𣿡һ죬һֻ֣ḧԼգʢ˵⡣
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Īҧĳ˵
Ȼ⻰òᣬȴǿŵĪ֪ǰܶԲ㣬ҲҲʶ㿴Ҷ¼ˣ㻹Ҫô˵ϲɯ̣Ҳšǰ˿ңô׸ıġ
ûǰ˵ȷ㣬ɺҲġ
ҡ
ἰǰЩ̫ʺִֵĹȥĪٴξļʹǰģҪٺڡ·ĻܳΪľ꣬ڣҪˡڲڣûаϵѾһռݣǸĶһžԼġ
һ̣ܸл٣ҪΪԶҲ֪һжá˶˵õ
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ĪȴûͣһҪģԶҲܸȵġ
ʲô֪ĻܻɸĴ̲סҧ˳

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Īţ
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뵽ԼոոٵĽ̸Ҳ֪˶٣Īһʱ첻ѡ
Ī٣ûʧɯҿԷĽˡ
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Ī˳ƽٸ߸ߡ
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ĳֵ̯̯֣úεˣιˡ


401 

ɯ̸Īٽº죬ֲźͿ޽ǵ»ﲹϡ
»һƯľ䣬Ǿɯ̺Īٵָĳߴ죬˴ָϣǳ⣬Ҳ൱
ǽĻƣҲǼ֤ɯĪٰСաǰÿùǵһһ̳ģ¶
ԭʼ˶֪ӵ壬ǿɯ̺Īپͻϴʲô
ʱ˾ͻޱȰҸĻشǣ½䣬ʺϴڽµʱڰǸ̫۵СľȦ˵һħ˫ԢǽһԶҲ롣
ۣҲ̫˰ɡ
һ˵İǣ޲Ľɯ̸ĪˡͬʱҲʾ棬ǽôˣҲһ͸Լİ»İ֮ˡ
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ȻҲֻаЩȤС

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ֹι̵ͦСĳһЦɵϣҲ
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Ϊһһûд
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402 ֵ

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ȻƽҪǿ䣬Ҳдʱ
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ðɡ뵽ϴȥߣͱϣߣһأȻȥ̽ףҲ޷ԤϵΣգҲһ׵İš

汻ǵƵָûü˳ܻбڴϲһԵı٣˺ü󣬲Сѹɤỽ٣١
ε׳˶ʮֲͷĴӴ̧ͷһ̱ԹĶŶԷʲôûõĶ淳ˡ
Ѿϰ߱ٳŭĲ沢ûκηŴԲ𱴵٣ֻһѡ
ʲô
û֣Բȡ̬ȼȻ
Ƭ̰Ѷ˹ȥָѪҺЩճ
Ľ·ϲ˲Ȼ鵽ϸָֻͷСľȦӣ˱ĵʣʲôѽ
ǽӡ
ӣٶʱðİθɯ̺ĪٴĴҫƻĵöʲôһʲô룬ⶼǼٵġ
ĪǿɶļһһᱻɯûǸ޴ľ
١
ſһĨߣһ󷢿࣬ҹŴģΪ˺屴ٿһ£˭ľ͸ˡ
棬ûԵģƼҲҵǰ


403 Ůɭ

ֺͿ޽г̶ԺֽС͵ܽļ
ԭȵ뷨ɯչ̣ɯ̺Īٸոս£罺֮ʣóȻܹǲ̫㡣
ܽҾͺܲһǰֻСè飬Ҳµ
컹ûô־ʰ
޼˯ڸͣССӰϸø֦һ㣬Ϊϧ§ס°ļʲôأ
ֱ°ʹĺεģЦŶ˶ûʲôһȥõֵܣ˼ӡ󡣡
õ˵ҵô˭˶кӡġ޺촽񾱣һ̵ǡ
ֺߵĽԷƵһߣ˵ʲôأ˵ĺӡ˾Ƕ顣
ʲô˼
ҲûʲôɱЩʳŵʱ䳤ױʣȥǳװĶ޻ӣŮɭĴӦҲǺҪİɡΪǱߵĺȹĺҪһЩ

ޣ˵᲻ȾƣҪҰȥѾҲ޹ȥ
Ĭס˫æµС֣֡ôôණֻҪȥ˾ͺá
û֣Щ˵ʲô
ֲ֪ĵ뷨ֻûĳһ۵ôУǧȥ̽˼ңпֵģޣѽһҲʡȻȥĶֵǮʤ⣬㶮ʲôⰡ
ҡ
Ǹϴ֣ʲôҲЩ׼ͺˣ㲻ҡ

޻˵ֻɰڡ
ۼͷһƬֲŷĽĹҵҴϷŵ޵ǰ
~~~ˣޣ뻹ûʲôµġ
޴ľվԭأӲҡҡͷ˵õĶѾˣã񲻵ͷ
û߰ɡ
ף漴һһֻҴʹŰɽߡ
ܽУСһְ֪Ҫ뿪һʱ䣬˫ƯĴ۾ʪģȥһƵġ
ĸӸ𣬾ͼʨųȱصĲߵǰ
һһſβ;ɨһɨɨȥǸ˳ֹɵӣֱ׺͵ĳȫ
ֿ翪˫ʨ޵£ŤֳܽŮӱۡ
ģݣͷ𣿡
Ƶ˵ҲǡǲŸջûþҪ뿪е᲻öѡ
ģ˶೤ʱġ
š
ʨŰѸվɢɢĴǰһ·ֱ̣ǰһƽԭżٷɳۡ
޸ں棬ܿҲΣҴŵϣŽʨ޵ĽŲԶȥ
תۡ͹ȥˡ
·Ȼ࣬һ·п޵ľչǻҲöࡣ
ΪֻҪһ˿ƣɫͻʨͣϢ
ϢʱȫðʲôҲǰĿζ׼
ҲΪǱԤƵĸִŮɭ֡
ɭֵڣǾͱһ֧Ӹ
ֱޱݣԼóԷϷͰֽȥ
ȥкüһֱϾ˺ܲ
ּζʿô£Լ͵ģôǱѺķһ
ڣζߵĻֶðָ˻ȥ


404ɪĿ

˽ֺͿްһС͵ĶʲôҲû˵뿪ˡ
ΪӼǣȻСʱҲûеȵ
ڶѨĸɲݶϣ̲סСʵޣ֮ǲйʲôͻ
Ϊʲôôʣ
㿴ɡǴԶԴǵ̬Ҳ̫䵭˰ɡ˰쵽ͲܲʣȥͨԷҲòôһֱŰɡ
˵ţЩԼĸöˣϧȴûκʳ
֪Ϊεг̣νɷѿġһ·ۣҲû˵һ䡣˿ȴõرĴίҲ
߹ȥڻҸ֮ѽ⿪ٳûг֣ӦǱʲô鵢ˡҪˣ˯һ
ҺȵˮɡûԵģȵˮҲԡ
ȶӲôˣֲŰƽͷڿ޵˯˹ȥ
Ҳ֪˯˶ãΰ֮ڴܼĽŲԺ۾
ףǱôվ˺öˣ
֣ˣպãҸܡ
ֲ˲Ĺӣı޷Ϊ飬һֱǸվŵҸ˵ı
գգ۾˿ǸߴˣӢ٣СɫļԼʵļ⣬һ˵ѪӲζ
ð
ڨڨһֳֻԷкϲ˵ĸоЩĮ룬˻֮Զ
ι˭
ش⻰ĲԱվŵǸˡ˾ͱһ㣬˵ٷǳƣȴ̫ͬĮýӽƦƦĸо΢΢βԴһĨаȹ˵ζ
˿Űֵ񣬳ϡ̽ϾôҲǵһμôƯĴԡ
ɪ񡣡
Ļɪļһ˺ܶ࣬ڰȥ񣬻ûг롣
ǰ֣ҵİ¡
ĿһɫӵƳһۣڴֳγĺʱ͵һգƼһĨǿЦ⣺ʶǳˡ
ֿԷʲô ֻܾнĵͷΪԵʣǱʶԼɱĶƤ
ע⵽ССľٶղַָܵӴǵôãʵҵĲԡ
䣬Ŀ⳯һݵɪȥ׼͡
ɪæͷ˵õĸ磡ǰȴ̲סͷ˰һۡ
һõԼİߵСƲסȺͻϲ
ֱƵ﷢飬ֻƫͷȥޡ
û뵽ɪôˣǵߵʱôߣ
Լλñһ£ǳЦЩпЩɬ
û˵Ŀȴڰɨӡ
ֲûע⵽һУֻǵãһֱڶתҪѰǵĿʱԷȴѾƻء
ʮ겻Ļô١
ǰʮ겻ҲҵôһλĴԡ
ĵĿ佱ʱҲĿ
ֺߵӣȴ޵֪ģһܺá
Ȥֱ̯ۣüѵ÷ɵ˵ô죿ֻҼʺܾá
ûϵеģһҲС
䣬ǣסС޵֣ļ¶
һ𣬲׿ôˣѵüԼʮδĺֵܣӦǸ˵ΪʲôȥЩʹأ


405 Խ

ˣͿ޵˻ɣĵĶСʱڹ巢飬 ˫ԿӦûǺܻǸʱ
վڿ޵󰲾ǶԻҲ죬͸þ͸һ
Ҳ֪˶ãɪˣߴѾ׼׵Ŵһ˳ȥò͡
ֶڻѱϣ˽õҰһһиװ˸⿴ƿòôѾҰϵļƷˡһ£ⶼǸз͵λá
֮Իȥ˿⣬ΪԱò
壬˭ҲûмôÿĴԣһ᲻ԼͬҲϺ
лл
ֽӹ⣬һĨǳЦòĳԷ˵ͷ
˿Цݣ˲ʧ񣬺ðβŵͷĴҴһ뿪
ֶŲʳ·Լֻص˸ոʶһ졣޵ʱҲʲôûʾͰֿð컹Ѫ˿˸ԡ
Ͷǰˣֶ⻹᲻ʳ
֣ߡ
ֳ֪ԲʳҪѨȥ
ͣʣôˣ
Լʳ
𡭡˵ģԼ˶಻á
ûϵ
ˣ ٰЩȥҿһ㣬ܳԵġ
Ͼһдǣʵڲʲô⻯ҲЩʳʣô˵ҲǱ˵һ⡣
֡üͷš𣬲ίԼ
ɰȴҪЩ⣬Ҳûа취ֻ°Щȥֿһ顣
Աע⵽һĻ˹ĿƵʣԣЩʳﲻθ𣿡
ּ⣬һ̽ͷԼƣǲò˼ҵ̨ҡҡͷ˵ǡֻ˿ζͬϲԿһЩʡ
Ŷ´һע⡣
ͷƲ⣬ȴļˡ
ιǲƯĴԶܽ
ɪӰ˳ģɣȴһ˿
رΣҧ´Ҳ֪ô
ɪһۣˡ
ҵܻܵС˵ǵˣǧҪ
û£˵ҲûǱһ˽ܶ࣬ҲģʱȽɡ
ǹµİ֣˵Щ԰Թ΢΢ںͫףڱʯһ⡣紵ͷͷʹӶ
Ĵԣ˵һ㽿ˣҪϵ˺޲ժ
һҪ˵ʲô޾ͻˡ
֣Գˡ
ްرտãֱַг˸Сķ飬ʹʳӱݡ
Ӳ֪ǰǸֵļһҲϸһ档
ĻϲĽӹĿ޵ļʱоԼǱ˺ݺһ¡
⣬ΪǴ˵ԭʸǲͬԲܳ⡣
һ٣˼Ǵˣ
š
ôÿĴˣȻԭ˽ϡһҲڵİѪҺҪ׶ºġ
֪𣿡
ף֪
䣬㽫巢飬ԵĽһ飬ôʶԼ塣
ͫԽ޲ھǰſ޵ʣСզôõĹʺأ


406

ùͣڰֺۣͱ޴ǰǸѨϢ
óʳסз棬Էǳġ
ٲϰߣҲֻˡ
ҹָоԼȣһ¯ƵģϵĺһһµΡ۾һƬڰֻпϤĺ
ôˣ
޸о˶춯Ҳˡ
ȡ
һ㣬ԼͿô
𣿡
أþû˯ڵˣӦˣԲŽ§úܽʶԼϵ¶ȴݸ
ţˡ
Ҳˡ
ۿҪϵֳȥȴһԭ
е¡
̫ˣһҲûУҪǸӦ޵Ĵڣ϶Ļŷ
£ء
ѽ
ɵϣˣŮɭ֡˵գĹ˹ı
ָո˯ԺģԲ̫ǵãһѣ˲ˡ
ޡ
ôˣ
ѾˣʲôʱԻԼѽ
ְһ뿪Ҫһ̫İϰҲͨУ뱦ˡ
ڰеĿ޲ûмʱش⣬ǳĬòڰֶͷһǡ
ҰƵˡ
Ŷ
˯ɣ㡱
š
èһ޻ﹰ˹ܺȣ 뿿ģ˯øЩ
ڶ졭
۾ʱȴûˡ
ѨΧһۣնе㲻
ɲݶվһͷϵĲмҪߣˡ

һˮ˼Ƭ¿Ҷºͣʱ˾׽ࡣ
ˣ
ֲ֪ĵ˵ͷ޲ڣҲ֪øżһİ˵ʲô
Ǹϴˮ㿴費Ҫġ
Ҫˣлл
Ķ£ҲûҪߵ˼Ա߾ĿŰ֡
ֺΪʲôҪԼЩ飬˵ֻҪпڣЩײκ֡
ôˣ
ûû¶
˵ҪȥˮʱȴͻȻĴĴһഩһ˫ɫͫףˮĽ
Ҫʲô
ǡ
ֵĴԻκηӦԷѾһм
֣
ԷЦһ˫ָмת棬˿ûҪӵ˼
ͼֻոһǾٶΡǿõֵܰҪÿ޿һĻⲻҪġ
ȿȡǸ

أ
ҵܵɪ󡣡
whatûɡһ˶ڶѨԼȥˣӣԽԽˡ
ԣôˣ
ּһĨòԵ΢Цû¡
ȻɫһͦʲôҪҪһֱϴΣһԷһ̣ǵȶԷѻ˵ϴɡ
ԣҿһƺ𣿡
ԭ°龪һ
û⣬԰
ģһĨϲҲ΢΢˿˿ۺ졣
ţǺֵܣȻûʲôüġ
Ǻãϴ㣬һȥ緹
á
Ӧһ׾żĴ߸˿̿ĵþ͸꺢Ƶģ񱼵Ĳж
ϸôһ޾Щ


407 ζ

Լϴɾİֳ˶ѨھͿһߵЦ߹ȥк
ЦɲǵĳɣβŻعʣõʲô
ֻ˻ҴԵΪһЩСԣѵüһ棬ʹǳˡ
лл㡣
ӹЩĽǿԼļϡ
лһСѡ
֣ǸĴԣܺ£̫ˡ
ޱĽĿޣֺ˵ʵʱҾԼ䲻Ϊ̫Եʣ鷳
ЦŵôôĴԣǶ鷳ԶĸԸȥġ
ɤڰֶϣʹ񣬳޵ͬʱҲһֱֺá
ЩƲסԼһֵֹģѹסŹɵ˵Ц
͵͵ķһǣȴӿ˽ŲװʲôҲû
ǰ棬һƬͺͺƽԭϱ˺öĿӣȼŲ𣬲ſ⣬Զŵ
Ǳò͵ĵطʵǹԭʼûеĶСҳԵĶǼʳζٵ󲢲ߣҪֻǵӡ
磬ǸԵĵѾˡ
ɪԶԶļֳߣһĸȴ̲ס˹ȥڻ㱨ʵȴ͵͵Ű֡
ã֪ˡ
磬õʲô
ֽҴɵķǰɪļ͸ǵһַȥǶ
ǳԵģ
š
ȳһԡ
ɪȲľͽ⿪µҴ־ʹͳһڴδЩȻЩɻڱӱᣬζԺŷĵҧһڡ
ܵܺＱѵֺЦʣô
ɪƯͫһһķŴ漴𾪵ĵͷ˵ţóԡ
ģ
㳢һڡ
ɪԼûǿֱӾԭһ£ڴһ˿ζһ¾Ͷסˡ
ûĺܺóء
Ŀ֣һʱ˵ʲôȴ޴˵
ԣģɪԣ˼̫࣬ɾʣлͽ⡣
ǵġ
̫ˣԲǺóƢ𣿾ȻҲóԵʳ
֣
ɪ
磬ˡɪҲʶԼ˵˻æšŶһˡ
֣ûɡ
ûС
Ͼɪ˵ҲʵȥʱĴԵȷԣóֲ£ԴԼԸǴëãвãŭ裬ϳš
Ѱ쵽һѾϨ˵ǰȻ󽫸ոĵ˹ķŵĸǰ֣ɪģ㳢ϲθڡ
ô֪ϲ
޸˵ġ
˵ޣֲڻûпѸٽӵأ
°ǰһ̧ˡ
˵䣬ľʪߵ˰ֵĸǰ
ֽСгվǰȻͷ̫ЩĿ
ޣȥˣ
ֳȥס֣ĻԴһ˿ֵζ
Լϰߣ˵һҿûȥɪСȥˣ˵СŪǺŲߣҾȥӱϴ˸
Ŷ


408 

ְѹ죬ͷʣˣ
ֱŤĶ㿪˶Է֣оԼǱŪĳҲֻ´ȥɲǰһһˣĻŵúܡڹ嵹ûʲôܹİ
á
޳簮ף·֪Լˡ̧ͷӭĿ⣬Ƭ̣šͷʲôҲû˵
ŵͻȻǰ˷

˻˻˻
ɪġôˣͷôֵֹģ
ֻɻţϵվüͷ˳򣬷ɪͨĳܣﱧŸˮһˮһߡ~~~ĳͷ
̬͸ϴγĢһ
һæɪȣʲôˣ
ɪһǲ壬ڲȽҲֻþҪըһ㡣⡭ϴζȫһ˵ɷɷףô
硭硭Ⱦҡ
ɪ㵽ôˣ
ɪһͷ˿ˮȴʣһ˳ͷ³
һģɪȴµָ֣ǵʳ⡣
ң
һ£ڳĳͿ޶⣬˿񶼳˽䱸͵⡣
Ѹվ˳ĽԼ󣺡ɪɲҪԩ֡
˻~~~ҲûԩҾǳĶų~~~~ܣҵɤӣҵͷ
ɪԽ˵Խܣռðˮ߸ͷãˮ˳ĶͷʵؿڣԸֿҰ
ɪ㵽ôˣ
ΣҲ֪ôˡһΰֲ˺˵£һߣԼ׵ܱܵȷʵìܡ
֪ˣǲǳǹ

ţôǹӣװĶǺɫĽϡ
Ϊ˵ø壬˫ֲڿбȻ
ɪˮˮԺ侲࣬Ҳǰ
ûǻĶһΪģ˭֪
˵꣬ԼĲӣǱ˺һ㣬ʹࡣ
ƿޣɫεǰѾÿҪըɪԲ𰡣˸˵ĳԷմųԵģʳζԡ֪ղôԵģ
ҡҡҡ
ɪû˵һĿȫ̵ȴˣɪֱӱŹӴһڡϣ鲢ïһʾ
ʲôֱӺȵģ
ֲûһҲɵ̫ɰ˰ɣȻڵԼɵģզôЦأ
Ҷ㺦ˣ㻹Ц
ɪüֱҪˣʱĳۿ
˼ʵڱﲻס
֣ҵܵɪ᲻£
ǱȽأɪİΣҲǿڵһλ
ְڰ֣Цǰİɣû¡ܿͻõģȵˮˡ
ſģȻûΣգҲûȥǸçײֳ嶯ĵܵܡ
ɪ˼ˮʧҲûǰôˣߵָǰֱӾʣǵʲôΪʲôǰСɶͦóԵģҲΪǰʳ̫ˣԼŻģ˺
ʵζͦõģֻԷԡ˰Ѷҽôԡ
ɪĲԸŰ˵ȥˡ


409 ڽ

ǰѹøС뵹ЩȻԱһкõĿպպɵĸߴңһζĵϣڵζ嵭ʳ
ʼԵʱܻе㲻ϰߣһζͻᰮ֡
˲֪˵Ǽ٣Զʾɵ̬ȡϾոյɪôµ飬˸ðմηĳԡ
ĲҪԿ
ֺĵɪɪ뵽ո׹ĲҿĥæҡͷܾҲҪҪұȥ
Ŷ
ʧĴͷĵһһҧʮ¾⣬ǰ׷ѡ
֣ˣǲԣԼԡ
޿Űֺòǧʳһܾǲڸв֪ͽǹᵽߣԼá
ֵͷϳź֪ǿܳԲߣԼҲûҪٱǡ
ԡ
ûȰַӦ־ͶƬպĿ⣬˾ɲĿ¾Է뵽˿С
㡭
־㵵Ļδ˵ڣöԷ޲ڵ˵ζĺܲûзŹϵĺóԶˡ
ȻЩĸоܿ͸֭ϵӰˣȡ֮һ˵ˬⱻ̵Ժ󣬿ǻڻһ޵ζζݳģȴ׷ζе̣е飬е̼˵θڴ󿪡
ûƭǣĺܺóԣҵȥ֤ڡ
ĳţͬʱĿȵĿһ۰֣˷ֲǸмǱк塣
Ĵ£˿ʼ׷׹ʼʳ
ЩûԹ˵ʳոշȷȽϴ̼ͷ˲Ľͷ͸ֻҪͦ룬ǻӦǸԺᷢڴ̼ɢŨ㣬ǡôζ̬
ɪҲһɡǰɪļ
磬ҡ
ɪΣϾոôųⷴӦڿһ˲ͶĹŹʳ˰֣Լܶˡ
û£ǵ´βҪôçײˡ
á
ɪƵӦһŤͷֳڵλÿȥ
ſ޵ıЦݲõĶŪǼճεСˡһȥԲཱུգһȥŪԷͷ
СǵͷŪģҲֵܵ⡰Ű
ⳤúÿƣ۵κ
緹󡭡
ޱȥ˵Ҫ̸һŮɭֵĶϿˣ
ܹĵ̣˴Ҳʶûп޸ţҲܰȫ
Ͽ棬ˮļʢ˸ֺÿСҰǽţҫ£ǱһɫĹΣˮ߲ͷףɾ
վڰߣºˮ峺Ⱥӣϲ˸ˮܾɿߡ
ˮΣָ⻬䣬ڡ
һʱ˴󷢣ٵЬӡȲҪ˫ϸְ׾Сˮʱ򣬺Ȼһ˾ӣֱӽӿи
ļһСתȥȻɪӢֳۺ
㡭ʲôѽ
ڿе˺þòűԷ˵棬涼СݣȻûˤҲܾС


410 ٶ

һҪأ𣿡
ɪһ׾ŵߣò;ֹĺӲ࣬ȻȴһšüͷʣǸӣôҲ̫
ôͲˣ͸Ӷ䲻٣ûס
ɪĵɨһߣǰȻһ£ЦҲĸͷжСҼ򶼲ҪǲҼʱס㣬¾͵ˮˡ֪ˮжȥŵ׶
˭˵ҪȥˣֻڰϴŶѡ
ϴţ
ɪһ˼Ӻףֿ˿ֹŵĽѾܰףűʮȻմЩ˿ڸǲСɡȳơ
ŶԳôÿ
ɪ˲һƬͨ죬ûĸеȡ
㿴ûУ
־ûĸ˻ôĶһ˵Ľſǲסʿˮӣ͸һ˶տ̯ϵ⴮һţǰԼĽŵɿ㻹ǿŰ
ɪŵŲߣûпˣԺȴֳǴİסǰףǰֽѾӵİô
ιô
ʵƻ˵ˣûĽЬӴ˻ȥûߣͿ
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Ҹ˼ģ㡣
ˣһͦõģò˭㡣
ɪͫ͵һɫس΢ı仯
Ϊʲô
⼸֣˶Ĳġ
̧ͷӸ߸𣺡ʲôΪʲôҾһˣѵҪɣ
øߵ˵ӺᡣڿǸϸĵˣǵͷ˵š
ǻڹ𣿡

ЩҲ֪ӳԵģԲһ㱻ᡣҪҿԸ㡭Ǹ
֣Ĭ˰β˵ڣȻǲԸΪԼĽͷ
ˣոյҸûзϡ
Ϊʲô˵ɪĻһĨڵίίӺζԼҲ̫͸оܲ
˵ˣֻһˣûаϵ
־ԼѾ͵ùˣҲԸٸԷȥתϿȺбȥˡ
ɪʵں׷ţȶ̣ȴôҲ޷Է˦
ܵûͣ㡭㵽סҪҪ
ôһξܲˣҲ̫ˣС޶Ȳ
֣
ǸʲôʱˣΪڸϷ
Ҫҵٶʶһ£ʲôٶȡ
ļһ˭뿴ٶȣǲҪúܡ
ߣȴȻı˵ð
һ˵һ߹յգǸڴ˷ܵӣɪһʱѪڡ
ֱóݵţȻĵһΡǰǰ֣ȴúܲһ
ģ˷ܡֽ֯
ãעⲻҪգۣʾ㿴
š
ֵͷΪԷǰ˶ģһɾϮ棬ӦʱɪѾ缲Ĵܳ˼⡣
ҲܵҲ̫˰ɣֱٶˡǱ츳Ϊ½رٶĶ
أֵĿľΪ˦ƨ棬ǼһȻԶGet outʲôأ


411 ƭ

ιƭң
ժ֣һקס֮Ҫ顣
ۡۡſſң
۵òסͷŭȻĳԷɴ۾ȴû뵽˾ȻҪŭŭɶģԼʲôʮ顣
ɪ˫ˮסȻŻȴûн˷ſ
ΪʲôҪ͵͵뿪˵￴ҵġ
ǿĳţһڵĺӣƫִ
ɣܲš
ŤҪüʹͽ޹ֻЭĿŶԷ
㵽Ҫô
һٶǹ죬ԼܵûӰԺ뿪ģ˭֪û߶Զ׷ˡֱ겻ɢСһëȻ
ɪһʱҲ֪ԼҪܾĺܲ졣ĻϲҪǰչʾԼŵ㣬˭һͲ֪ˡһжʧ䣬ͬʱҲһĨ˵ѹ벻ʡ
ҵһɲǣȲĳй˳
Ϊʲôԭصһ
˰ΣɪŴӺų仰
ĪĶһһƾʲôû˵ڣʹһ
֡
ǿޣæתȥǰĳһɨգȡ֮Ļϲ
ɪעһб仯üͷԾ
ſһĻԶԶĶ˾˰ֺɪ߽ʱŷ֣ɪץŰֵ
ɪ콫ַſ
ɪȳ⡣
ɪͿˣŵ˲䱻ѹĲʵĺһǰָɿˡ
һõţܹȥס޵ĸ첲ǸСѰģǵÿһۡ
ɫ΢Ƭ̲ŵ֣ǲɪС۸ˣ
磬û۸˵㻰
ɪίķţƭԼġ
գգʣ˵ʲôˣ
ԼɪȻİͷšһߣһ͵ӡ
֣ô£Ҳͷѯʡ
ûʲôһС¶ѡ
治ִͿѿ
ɪֵǸ
Ϊʲô
ɪĶŸ磬ȫ𾪲˼顣鶼ûȴҪǸ⻹׸
ΪʲôոԴ־ǲԡ
ҡ
ˣûϵûֻһûĺӡ
Ҳ֪ɪԸȻǿƫִһ㣬ûжġһʼԼӺӱʱ򣬻ءºΪЩܹҲʲô˵¡
˭ûĺӣҡҶˣ
ɪԭΪ粻ԼǸɺ˵ԼǸûĺԺ仰ȻǸԽܡ
ּԷŴ֤Լľģ˲еЦ
ЦʲôĳˣҸ硣
ͷ˵ǣѾ߸¡
ûǿԽ£ͨҲӵԼĺˡ
ԭСе֤ԼѾ꣬ΪȢŷܺȻ˼˼ô㲻ΪʲôҪһֱȥѰҺʵĴҪʲô
㻹Ц
ɪͿ߰ȡЦԼûӣ˿֪ԼˣôЦøϸ۾һֻȻĵĺģ񲻰ͬʱƲ׼ں˼


412 µ

ЦЦѣʲô
пڣỤԼҲʲôˣֱӸ
ɪⷢһͿڣ˲ҲûޣһתͶˡ
Ϊ˽˹ࡪͷ
ɪ֪ȴһһЦֻ֪ɰһ档
֡
ţզˣ
ͷʵ̫ԸƤһڱǰչ¶Ϊ֪ڱ˵Ƕôջ
Ҫ㡣
ʲô
ǰ޻˳޸˵ģǰרŲɼҰ޻ֳ֣޻䲻޻ϺЧҲǼѡ
ڱÿ궼򺮼ٶдǨһȵ꿪Żڼ䣬ԱǼΪʱвͻ
Ϊ˽⣬⣬ն޼ա
˵޻ֳ֣Թȡů޻ǽԺڱ˵ǵϺشͻơԲرߣɼ鷳ͲҪ
ֻ˵Ӳ˵־ֳģҪʵҪˮʩʵȸֿ˲׳
Լ˾͸Ŀһ˲ԣĻֲʲô޻˵һˣͷҪΪóİ֡
ðûͽ޻ɡ
һԸæʱüЦ
˵̫磬ҺһյزСסһƬɭҪҵطµÿö
ûϵֻҪʣھȥ
˵ҸոȥϿȺͲ֣ˮԴҲ޻Ӧúܷ㡣
ã
ӦͰԼ˶˹ǿĿݵĲݡ
æµһ죬ϣƬǿճˡͺͺһƬĶӡ
Ϊô࣬ͿֱӰȥˣȻȴѿͺá
ɰȴֲ֮ǰҪء
Ϊؿʹ ʺֲֵա͸ԺãˮױҲܽСҪǣɱһֲе棬ʹȥӸ׷ѿ
˿ʼΪǶһ٣հֵĽ˵Ժ󣬲ɶͶء
ԭΪСֻǳֻϧȴû뵽ôľ֪ʶʵ
ޱһȥæڱ߸ľ֦ϣ°Ϳǡ
ҹ紵Ҳˬķһһģһ˫˫Ư۾
ԽӦˣǰصִȥأȴǸѾԶԶ
ι
϶һʶĲȥһ䡰û˵ڣҰ׵Ĵ
߿߿
Ҫ㿴ɰ
ɪĴ棬Ǹ߸ĵͫ׽Ū֮⡣
ԴøڹƵģһִǲͣԼһˡ
ҪҪ
ͺˣҪϸʵܿɰġܻӴ
߿ء
ۿߣϾҪ˵ϣҲƲסĵĿ־壬ֱӵ˵صĿ
Ⱳӣ˵첻µز£Ψཱུ޹Ƕ
ÿοڵϻ䶯̲סƤ˵ǱŵãǱĵġ
ɱ֩밡Ы֮ĶҧһڣҲԸһɪֶ


413 ܵ

ˣ
ɪڵصİֿ޵˫ӨС˳߻»ǸͰ滨ģ١
վԭһᣬ뽫ʼٸӵͷһת־Լûơ
һȥŻİֵĺ˺ι㵨Ҳ̫С˰ɣֲҧˣʲô
߿ءֲֻǰͷƫڻ
ߣ˭ƭҵġֻҪϸҾͲˡ
ɪ޵ԽԽףҲʶԼãǡǲģ뿴Ů˳ͷһΡ
Ͼ磬һֱЦţڶûӡһ뵽Ǽ飬Ӿͷ
˭ҪǸΡ
Ҳģ˵µòˣȻƨСвԼȴҲ
ǹɾ󾢹Ҳǿ޳ڵĳ谮ǨͳģǲԸͷ
㡭ɪı˵ĻˣΪҲ뿴ôĺ¡ǶʱҪš
˵ǿʤ֮ģԽļ嶯ã㲻ǸҾúһ¡
ҪÿҲҪ
ߣ
ɪ˵Ҫð棬ʵҲûʲôֻǹθŻԷѡⲻ֪ʱˣɪƵ˱ϡܴҪɪʱסģƻֱԸͷȥ
ڸʲô
޽ŻİֻڻкâţǱ׵Ŀɪ
ɪͻһУ˲ˣȻҲ²һ֡
ʱ棬һŭ䲻ĿһԼɵܵܵɪǲ۸֣
硭
ɪɥĴͷƳһۻڿ޻﷢İ֣һɬ
Сӣҡ
˵ž;ȭͷҪɪһкʱ򣬰ȴ̧ͷһ±ˡΪôСëŪÿ޺ֵܲ죬ҲֵϾ˵ΪһЩѵʵڲö˲϶
ɪǸ
ǿ챻Լܵˣ˵ĴԣԶ۰Ͱ͵ֺţأȻһֱǷ
ˣ㿴׽ӽˡ
һѽֱ𣬼̶ͷҲصȥ˶Ѩ
ԶŽԼⲻĵܵϡԽԽҲ˵Ϊ˰֣ΪԼҲһ١
硭
Ҹ磬֪֪޽ˡ
ҡ
Ȼ֪޺Ϊոտ޵Ǹ飬޲ܳһ㡣ɼ޿ͣ԰ʮάġ
֪ĺпܻջǰ⡣
һҪջ⣬ɪɫ䣬˼Ŀ
ֻ׽һֻС棬û뵽ŵÿ磬Ҫȥ޽ͣ˵Ҳġ
ͷϣȥֻϽ͡
ô죿
ô֪ѽ㣬Ҳ̫ˡֱּҼõĴԣˡôԶǴ˸ζʳﲻ˵޻̵ֲ֣ҪΪʹҲܸ˵Ķһ٣ֵһСûꡣ
磬˵Ǵ޻̵ֵǸֵҲ𣿡
Ȼأ
ѵǿޣ
޸ǶǰˣĻᶮЩ
ɪ˲һһʱӿ˸ָĸ


414  ˴

ްѰֱضĽ״Щ죬ˮ󰾡
ڸɲݶϣž͵ſ޵ؿڣĵĸԼĦ
ޣ㻹𣿡ֿɫģӻһֱһԣ֪˺ԼɻǾÿڵģе¡
̧ͷ˿ȴû˵
ιޡŽɵȥĸ֫ѣͼġȴסޱȵ˵𶯡
ӴҵĽû¡ۡ
´Ҳ˵ġĬһᣬ૵˵
֪ԼƻΪҪֵܲҡŵʵɪҲûʲôֻץֻҡȻԼģҲû¡
ĿһĦɼ˼֣ʱˣ㻹˵
ҲֻǾǸûĺЩɣЩçײʲ
Ŷ
޵ӦһشһĲ⡣ȻҲɪǸʲôˣлģȻҲֻ֡û뵽 СӻʧصŪ˰֣ζܵġ
ּ޻ûҲ취ֺȴ¶ļ򴦲֪ľðһŵСˮݡӨ͸ϸΪųĺء
ޣˣ
ָļ鵣
Լһۣ赭ɨ̧ʱĥģƤ񣬲¡
ôУ񻯵ģãҸϵҩ䣬Ͼİ˻ȥȥԼҴЯĵŤҩ˳ƵģЧʮ־ˡ
޶˶٣ȻЩ֪롣һߣС˲ֵһᣬһߡֲֵĺ⡣
ԵĸоǷǳǳҸ
ٲҿҪˡ
á
ܳľߵ˰ȥĿĿÿ춼ܵõĹĺչˣʵܵҲûʲô˵ģֲ
ֵûô⿨޵С˼óҩͿʼ˵ĵطĨСģʱʱͷᴵڣϢȵģģ˽񾭶طɲ١
𣿡
á
´˿Լʱ˵ȥ֣һ˿ڲãܵĿԼ
š
ҩϺԺ󣬰ҲʼоˣʹǷͷǲˣ
е㡣
ʲôңȥŪ
ôͻȻôð
ЩӦĿʣʵҲôõģֻڱԺ󣬿޶ͱȽиˣĺδı䣬Сϸھûôˡ
ҿ˲١
𣿡Լգ˿ɰСҲ֪ȡ
޸ɬĭͽĺ촽ס峺һǺŲɿˣҧûǰôˡ
ᡣ
û뵽޺ȻռԼˣСһ죬һ䡣
˯ɡ˵꣬ޱɲݶһ˶ĥ˺һӣĳ˲Žİֵһ˯ˣƵͳ˯컹Ҫ𡣡
š
ڶһ磬ûޡ
һʧԼ˶Ѩ
ףôߣʲôʳζͦġ
ޣʲô
޻ͷŰǳЦҰ
Ұ𣿡
ȻûУһȥǰɽץġ
ֳԾĵɴ۾Ӧ÷˲ɡ
ãҰʣҲúȣȥʢҪԵ㡣˵꣬ϰԵĵ˵Ķͷ
ġšһ֤Ṽ⡣


415 ׼֪ʶ

緹ֺͿ޾ͱȥֵָļɡ
Ȼֻܳ䵱ǽ˵һлҪӰָӡ
һһĸߴң֮󣬵ðϣܸǵ̫Ҫ֡
¾͵üʱˮӲ׷ѿ
ˮͺܼˣΪԱ߾ϿȣˮԴܽ಻
Ľ⣬ףԭֲҲһ׵£Ҫôಽ衣Ҳ֪ЩҰֲ˹ʱγɳôïʢġ
ָǣ˴Ұֲ꣬һԼǿʤ̭档̭ߣ
֣ˣԺǻҪעʲô𣿡⣬ҲǴﶼ֪ġ
ţҪǳѿԺǵöڳݺʩʡ
һ˷ʵ֪ʩʲô
ʩʾǶڸһЩݣøá
Ҫȥʩʣ
ֱⶺЦˣҵģϾǵйԼֶķ㡣ֻҪЩõѿͺˡ
ǵйﾹȻôԷǷ´½˵üΪ˼顣
ûֲӪ͸ҲҪһӪܻøá
ֲҾ˵ΪʲôʺĵطĲܱһطïܣԭԭ򡣡

Ǹ˵꣬˲˺Цѡ
ҲЦˣЩ˶Ķ࣬Ȼɵɵģȴɵúܿɰ
ЦԵ֣㶮Ķࡣ
ǰҲ̫ˣô֪ôණ
˵ģǼʶˡ
ֱ˿ò˼˵һڴԽԼ֪һֱƤë㲻ϰɡЩ쵯ҩǹZɶģСеСơ
ƾЩڱ˵УѾһĴˡ
ȫ˳壬ЩȻҲǰɪ
ɪһ￿ǰλãû˵һ֣ȴȫ̶ڰûƿ
ǹȣֺüҲһɨװʲôҲû
ָоõСлҪ˵ÿԼɨʱһֹǰڿޣô
޻Ҳʼ˸˾ְ
ȥԵĲԣ֯ı֯ûš
ȴѡ
Ϊ޻ɭﱻĿһǾסĵطľɶѣҲ֪Ҫô
򵥣԰Щ׳ľͷߣӰʣйɶġЩϸģг״̫汩ɹԺԵɲľڶѨȼһѣȡů
ľͷʣֻŻᣬ塭
Ѱ޾ͻᣬԽ̽ǡ
ޣЩ
ԡ޵ͷľͷּҾߣܴݡȻΪ˲Щ
֪ôģ
š
һԽãܵõĴԣ͸õһû
ԸЩ߸ҵ𣿡
仰ʱʵûʲô
ϾԼԴޣǰ˵˴̶ػ
߿ޣ˽һڹһǧһ򱶣ĴԽǿ͡
ʵȴˣ˹壬ΣòѡŮɭְȴʱʱҪܵӥơ
սԴ˹òʱʱڽ䱸֮Уѹûһӡ
ȿޣԼȷ̫Զ˵ûԳΪһλʿȴܳΪһϸ졣


416 «

ˣҲҵˡ
ļ˵ζǣڹ壬ֻΪ׷Լεͷѡ뿪ˣҲûйֹǣΪÿ˶ԼѡȨ
лл㿨ޡ˵꣬Ŀ˰֣лл֣ɪ㣬㲻ûƽϣ˰ǣĲ֪Ҫ˵ʲôźá
ȥˣǿõֵܣҲǵһˣ˵лл
һˣĿһɫĪ
ǰһˡôˣ˵òͷ˿ޣıûʲôֻǺ˼֡
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˲Ȥ⼸ΪЩӰ˵飬ŪöͷðˣƤҲɵƤժƬ«ҶȥӦÿ١
뷨䶨ԺͷɿޣԼ뷨˵˳һʼͬ⣬ҪûӰһֻ顣ɾסֵĥӲݣӦ
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ɪĿƵĶͿһˮֲˮճ֮ȴ־ֵĶԼһʱ˵ܸС
ιôҸʲôҿɸ㣬޾ǰ棬ҽһõġ
Բ𡣡
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417 

ˣôгķϣֲֽƽϵˣԺֻҪץңҾԭ㡣
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㻹ˣƭ

ޣ㲻ǲںʲôʱҲôкˣ
к¡ǲɱʵÿԾܸɣʱǿҲ˥ϱһ졣
ԻԲЩԣһٵľͽ
ֲ֪ˣɡܹҲԸһ絽
֣ɪ𣿡
ôͻȻ⣿ѵ޷ոպɪ飿Ӧð淢˿϶ɪߣԼ˵ô໰
ɪǱΪ飬㿴Ȼ̫أҵ񡣡
ԭڻʱ򣿿ޣɲԲҪô࣬ҺЦڲҲǵϣ˭ľܱȵù㡭˵һĨֵۣҪϣٻùʮ꣬ʱҲʲôأ
֣Ҳϵ̫죬ĺˡ뻳ԼͿ˶ֻա
˳޹ᲡȻɣ˭ҲΥˣԡǲҪΪ鱯ѹ˵ȥ̫Զα졣ԽԽƸˣҷҶе㲻ʶˡ
İɣԶĿޣİԶҲ䡣


418 ϴȹ

֪Ůɭ־Ѿȹ졣
ּ޳ٳٲ̣ҸʵĻ˭֪̾ͻȻãҪƳһˡ
Ҫǣû޻Լ֮ǰ̫æҲЯڰڰѹҳţڶţֱ
ڶһ죬˺ܶѪС԰׵þʱʡָԼĲѪʳ㲻һԵĳȥˡ
ΪӲ̫ԵʣҲԸ˵Ҳû׷ȥ
磬нŲ죬Ժ۾ӲŶڣҲû͵ˣ

ûлӦ
ô˵
ң
һ͵ķʱӿȡҧסܽ°΢΢̧
ô㣿
Ŀº͵ߵĸǰҪӲݶֹ𶯣žС

޸ˣǷʱҲܣֻŲŻһЩ

ʱǺ죬֪λش
ôˣ
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ҡҡͷȫû뵽飬߸֪ôεĻ⣬Ǹϵжò˵°
֣и⼸ͺúϢʲôҰ㡣
ԼСüΪΪʵҲûʲôġѪ⼸죬һúõġ
ˣҸĹ֭ģܺúȡȼڣܻЩ
˵ţͰװй֭Ͳݸ
ÿڿʣͲӹ򿪸ţ˱ǾһŨζ
Ŵͷ˼ڣֹȻܺúȡֹ֭ĸ𣬺ˣʮˬڡ
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⣬ҲĳЦݵúȾͶȵ㣬ٸ͹

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εò֪ô˵ֻһһš
̫ˣҰȥϴ˰ɡ
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˵һˣһֻǲ⣬ҲԸԼİǡӵһˡ
ˣϢɣҺܿϴõġ

˵꣬ԹԵļЩ˵ȹӣȻͷñԭַζģȻڲͬ
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оԼһ׺䶥ң޲ҿھȥ˴˲
һ̣񾭳ٶɵڣҲܲЩõ飬õķӡ


419 ޲

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ûһıɱУöԷĿתơԼΪĴɩɫһλ˵ġ


420 Ұ

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421 

ɪһ˵һѹͺĽ°ʹ˹һЦаģҪڶʮһͣҪƬá
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422  رζ

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ϸҲǲܡһһоΪ˸лԼʳԼеϺ޻أϾ˶Ů֮棬ôУóߴԡųһЩ


423 Σ

ˣǲԼȰռƻаɡ
ĵڶ죬־ÿްϪĿչȺŪһ̯߿ޣԼһۻ÷ɷ顣Ҳ֪⼸ڶȷʵƻˡ
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424 

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ɪ飬Щװʣʲô°
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꣬С㡣û˵꣬ɪס˶ԷͣȻСĿ˿ܣ»ᱻһ


425  ζ

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űɪŪû飬ڿζֿɿڵţź󣬸ոյĻʧ˴롣
ӹʳƵĳһڣ־Ǿ˵ĺóԡ
ٿͲҲֵ˸Եʳʳʱǵı鶼ҳҸ
˵Ҳ԰ֿĶеʮϲ
˿ŵҲɪΪʲôΪֶܾԼˣΪҪԣҲԥΪİɡǻۣôʳ
ó𣿡
ɪһ⣬̻ʵķУһʱ̵໽УҲ᲻³
ááԣ̫̫óˡ
һ߳ԣһ߲
ڿᣬûпճԡ־ͽкõһţմ˽ľ棬浽ϣҲһڰɡ
ĿһۣǳЦŵͷʳﺬ뵽˿С
ŨĿɿڽ㣬ζǺüˡ
֣Ҳ԰ɣ
ð
պðҲЩˣͰѻ˿ޡԱ߾ͰżԼԹʳǵιǸ۵ӣɷˡ
ɪֵܣﶼ޲ԼܹڴʱޣһҲԡ
ĳʱԼĻˡ
֣Ŀˡ
˲СʱᣬޱȣƤ㣬һ㵭ķ֭ԽԵÿɿ
ôҪĲ࣬һ΢Цͺá
ˣ
š
ɡ
һⲻ㡭Ҫ𣿡
ǣǷϲԵġ
ԣҰ򿾵ģ
ǵġ
ԣתߵ˷ߣԿɬεϲĿᡣ
ӵĽӹ˹ȥлл
һЦͷްɾ͸ел
صߣֵҪʲôңҰ㡣
ҡҡͷˣ޻ҿҲȳԵ㶫ɡ
á
ụ̀ŪһЩŵζɾЩ̲ȥ
ǿָ޼䣬Լȴûʸȥʱĺܡ


426 һʤ

꿾⣬Ϸ
Ƕ߾˫޳ɣҲû˭˵һܾ֣㵱Ĭˡ
ҪĵһϷǽϹӱȳӡ
ϷأҪ˵ĹܹͨܺõĻԾգŮ顣
ڸϷʱҲ˷顣һŮ˲УΪһ飬ɪһ飬ĶѺǷ
̾ҪŮ䵱ϹӡɴסۡŮ䵱ȳӡҪľΪϹӡָ·
·Ḷ́ҪƵ·ϣȻﵽյ㣬絽ߣҲʤ
֪Ժ󣬶ޱȣɪһ飬ԾԾԡ
·ϱָ·ϺŮҲó˲ס۾Ųһ׼ͳͳŮſǵıϣСϷж
ޣҪСһŶ
ſļϣĶС˽
޵ͷİɣһӮġ
ûϵֻҪǵϴθ˵Ļͺá
ÿ춼Ҫ˵ööĻϴ˵ɶҪʸ׵ʱ˭֪ϷȻʼ
֣һ㣬ˡֱߡ
֣Сģӣٶȷƹ
֣лľ߿
֣񻨡
֣֣ԣ֡һ㡣
֣ðõˡ
۾Ŀޣֽݵְֵָʾǰߡ
ֻúʱʱŴץѵ
ţұߡұ߰ɪһ㣬ײˣ
ţô£Ҳ֣
ţôͷţһ㿴ִԸѾҪߵյˡ
ţ㲻Ҫô졭ȱˡ
ţûȵˣ㻹ô
ȲҲ̶õɪӣ䲻ϵ޷죬Ҳ͸ܵ˵Ҳйоء
˵ִյ㣬ĺһЩʱ䡣ϾǵһϷǰҲûôһĥϣ֮е顣
Աߵİվڿ޵߳ͷĴкȳһǵƣЦЩΡ
ɪ±Թͣţֳס۾Ĳְֺ͸ǶѾվյʱˣʤǿɪ˲Ǻ
˵ⲻһϷڰǰ֤֤ԼȻȴӵУһġ
εʤǿ޺ִԡ
־ͺͿһ˷۵Ļơ
ֺñȴһ޵ϣ˫ֻĲӣϸ۵СڶԷ䣬ӰĴҮӮඣ
˫΢ЦĿŰ֣˫ۿס˫ȣԼϵȥ
βƽ
ɪվ˳˴粵
üôƽˣ
ɪתһָЩǷ̫ˡ
ţʲô
ɪ㿴ָ׳ǳ㣬Сҷֵһ飬ҲӮġ
ɪܽʧԭ򣬲ҲȻŭԼֲ巽ҲˣֻźֱײָʾҲܹ˭
ҡ
ˣɪԣܲܲҪôС
ۿźɪҪˣæӿֹ
һڶҪǼ
ɪߺűӵͼһġ


427 Ұܵɪ

ϷؾȨ⣬ͲϵĲƽˡ
ϷֽС򡱣һԭʼᣬȥҵĶ
Ծ͸С׹Ϸ
Ϸ֮ǰѾժ಻֪ҰЩҲܳԣ׵ġ
ǸոһǲУȻһ飬һ˱һͶ
ҪŬĽסͶ˵Ĺӡмһʱ䣬Ů
յĽԽӹپʤ
ϷҪľ˫˭ض顣
ͬʱУڹ涨ʱڣ˵ʤ
Ҳ̫ˣɪΪ϶յӮҡ
Ȼ⣬Ҳá
ϷʼŮзͶ
վ뿨ӦλԺ󣬰ѿ𱳶ſޣȴͷԤλãԱӦ
ϷʼɪѸӦĶԱͶһͶԺ󣬶Աʿ񣬶Խ졣
ȿޣĶͻ̵öࡣ
ֿŰβŷһӣɼ˵ޣ㵹ӿ㰡ǶӽöˡĿӻտҲ
ǿ޲죬¹ӵ̫򵽰ֵϣϾͿǴһ壬ᣬͳӡ
˿ÿӶԵʮֽСģӲȥҲ˵֡
ٿԱߣɪĸȻܸߣűеĴҲࡣ
ǾãֵӮѾҪ
Ϸʱ룬Ůܿʼ
ְѽӵݵ˿޵ЩЦõĳɼ
ȴͷЦһ᣺һ㣬Ȼ׷ǡ

Űѿ𽻸ɪʱɪѾųֵǶԼķṦΰԵõ˵ûҵʵһɱҺȰ
ƤЦⲻЦĻصģ
˿ЩĶͷЩ˼ոǸƫˡ
ȵҡҡͷһ˵ûϵϷܵҲ̫ˣǿҪ䡣
Ǿͺá
š
Ůϣһֵľֿʼˡ
ֺͿȻǰ·磬ҲûҪ׷֪֮Լ̸첲Լ׼ȶˡôùҲ׷ˡ
ţǼҵúܰ
򣬹Ӵȥٶô͸һһһӦӲϾ
ֻٶȿǿ졭;׼̶ȴγ˷ȡ
ܿǱ߾ʹɪŭţܲܿ׼ӣ
㡭ȫˡ
ҪһɪĺŴȴȻΣЦøһ
ûŲҪͶʲôءҪ쵰ոز˵ùھҪӱ
ŵĹԽԽ죬ԽԽݣǱߵɪҵغգΪӮҲֻʹ಻š
Ա߿࣬ŵٶȺַҲ˿޸ոյĿˡ
Ϊ˲Լ
һۣȴÿڶ滽֣㲻Ӯ𣿿ӰǱߵĹͳͳӹһסġ
ҡҡͷˣᡣ
˵ᣬҲաбһɪǱߣĹӾ͸սƵģԼ޹Զá
ͣʱ䵽ˡ
ͣԺ󣬾ͰĹõȥ
óĽʤˡ
ͷһۣ˵û


428 õýƷ

һСϷͨԼŬȡʤĸоǷǳҳɾ͸С
ܣͶĹô࣬ûУ
ɪüͷֿʼɲĹԡ
˵ĹӱĸպһţͷӮˡŵĻȥ
ɪ䲻𰡣ǴӲƭ˵ġ˱ûоɥɪֻ
˵ãһ˵ɪ͸ˣָԼͷϵһ͵㿴ҳñˣ˵㡣
ôû˵ˣԼûãͿԡ
㡭
˵һڶҪҪˣ
棬Ȼ棬ִԣʲô𣿡
ӣܼ򵥣׵УŮߣأغǰߵ־ͻᱻ㡣
ëĶ˵ӣ
ɪӵֽסоЩɡýһ£һʱûпסֱӾͷɵͷϡ
ʱž·һѻɹ
һ飬ĿУڿ뻻𣿡
Ϊѵ˵ǿԣþ˵ͬ⡣
һӽסޣһ˭Ҳ뽫ߵı顣
ûôֱףҲʶĳ˳ȹӡ
ţü䡣
ιոֻǸ⡭˵棬ɪԽԽСԼ֪Լж顣
ҪӶ߷ˣǻʲôŷŰû˵
ˡ
ɪ䣬ߵǰһ»壬漴һԾͳɱס֦ͷ
֦ͷһҡҲȻȻľ
ô𣿡
С
Ӹһڰۡ
ûȤĴ£ܾýԼе㵹ùûзӳʲôʵ
ӱ˰Сʱӵĳɼ̫á
䲻ʲôѶȵĻܹҲÿƽϰƽͼɡ˶ߣҪĬϡ
ƽûôϰƿضҲߡٲҲЩһμǵļһ
ټ޵ϬԾ׶ˡ
ֻÿߵһʱ򣬰ܻøڵϡ
һοûзϣˣҲ˳
֣ǹ𣿡
Ժܺýסȴⲻӡ
꣬С㡣
Ϊʲô
ǽǸģ
ţ
һ״ЩЦõİ
ء
Ӯɡ
ɫһ٣˼ֵ˵Ҫƽ
ǰҾΪ˹ƽǵһߣǰ߹Ͳڹƽˡ

޳ĬɻޣӮ
ûС
ӮֻӮΪӮ˻ʹ˿ĸˣǰһӮ־ͺܿĺ§
ûоͺãһǵ÷ˮŶ
˰ֵķˮټɪŵĲͷӾͺѲȡʤˡ
Ȼ׼
ϷһֿӮһ֣źɪ֣֡
յʤߵ
ѽĽƷ˳һ֯ʮ־µƯ
ˡ
ڽӹʱΡ
źͰֵĺŶȻѡ
⽱ƷΪԶƵģ˾ôЩĳɾ͸⣬ʵǺôġ


429 

̧ͷһ˷ܵĿձһ
֪ߵֵߣеĽƷݸ֣͸㡣
͸ҡģȻû׼˵󶼽ˡ
ת˿վԭصķЦ̣γһ˵Ŀɬʧ䡣
ǣ͸㡣
ĿᶨĿ㹻ڳÿ
ֻŵæ˿ޣʲôҲû˵ǳĶȥ·ϣܽܡ
׹ֻˣЦһӲĽƷ͸ҸѽҪͣҲ͸ĶѣǺӮʤˡ
֪
ǡ
һ㡣
شޱȼҲ˿ûȥվȻ˵ķ
¿ɰѰΪˡ
ôҲû뵽һţȴŪԼ治ֺá
ĽƷһġ
ҪǹȻľֽܾס
⡭Ǻã
ڰԼʱ򣬿ȴùĻŰֻڷֱӾͽͷϡ
ʹųޣ΢ᴵعһ˿㷢ӱ̫һ⣬͸ʹһˡ
֣ÿ
֣СԱߵɪҲóѣɪ޲ԼӮǶ͸ָϡ
ޣҡ˵Լûͬôءˣ˵ʲôˣأ
ôһգ۵ĹͲˣֻŹȥο䣬ȴѾҲˡ
ոˡ

ѹ̾һҲǣĳ棬ȷʵͦΪѵġҪҲ᲻һеܵ
֣㲻ˣ
·ڷ뿪ûһ㣬ֻһĽעڰϡ

ʲô˵ɡ
ͦģոһֱڰ㣬˵й͵ģΪʲô
ԭΪˣǾԼ˷
ֻǾʣʱҲûôࡣ

ˣһһԱһ͹ȥ
ɡ
ⲹĶٺãҲģͱȲʼġ
ıˣҲ֪ûлˡ
֣ҡ
˵ʲôȴӲĴϵɫˣҸҲûȥˣ ҲϢ
֣𣿡
ͷůůʡ
š
ұȥ
á
Ѿ־СĸӱһճסԷ
ޱԴŵԷĶǳЦһԶˡ
ûãźͲҲˣڳҲֻɪֵܶˡ
Ϧ⽫Ӱóģ˿ȥЩµͼį
硭
ɪҽǲʲô
Ҳ֪
ɪһʵϵĻش
ΪʲôִԺ񲢲ģǲϲǲϲ͵

ɪҡҡͷڴԵ£⡣
ǰһúõģһ˵˾Ͳˣһɡ
ǻȥɡ
߰ɡ
Ϊʲô
ҴӦ֣Ҫͷһڵȥ߹һˡ
ɪ΢߹ȣҪȥժҹݣ
ţϲľҹݣҹһ϶ϲֻҪˣҲͲҵˡ


430 ж

ɪΪ˵õֵԭ£ѾϧһСҲݵһȥɡ
ڰֵˣһ˾Ϳԡ
СģǧҪҧ
֪ˡ

ڿ޵ĻаȻ˯
ҹƲ㡣ﶼһֳߺ
ĵĶ˳ܽУҳڶ
β֪ά˶ãվǱ״ơ
ޡޡĺ˲份ѡ
ȻƤȴûаΪֻ˯ĻûбҪĻǲԸѡ
ʵ̫ˣֲӣȻҲ˵ġ
̫ȵĴӿ޻﷭˸Ȼ˯ʵ۾˭ں
ɪ
ҹ˯ʲô裿
Ҳ֪𶯣ҳȥ
š
˳ĵͷڵҹʲôҲֻƼ˫ķ۾
ȻҲûк£Ϊ֪޵۾ҹӹܣԴĹ⣬͸Ĥ;״䵽йĤϣȻ͸Ĥǿ۾ĸйȣγһϸСĹⷢ䡣
Ѹٴ·߳ڣ˲ӣִҴҽˡ
ֿ޵ı飬OO@@ĽŲжӦЩҡ
ôˣ
ˡ
ʲô£
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ôᱻҧأʱǲӦ˯Լɽѵ˵߰ҹ˶ȻϮ
ܰסֶѨڸ˺ܶబݺͷɻⰬǿҵĴ̼ζЧѡڵذһɰݣǲζ߸о
Ҳ̫ΪɪոյǱŻˣ˵ǿĿİģ޳ҧˣһҲûס
Ҹһȥɡ
Ҳá
һԼڣиʲô⣬ǲ˵ǵġ
¹ڣʹŻѸϵסı
ڱΧΧˣǸɫ۲ݡ䣬ƶڵ
ްǿˣŰֱӵ˶
˿̵һɲݵľ棬ɫϣͷ亹ֱðѾȥˡǱҧСȸ˿Ѿ׵ܲһˣ׶εСԲѪ
Ա߶ŵɪɫ԰׵ĿԱһˣüͷ÷ڵŪ֪ݣ﷢ʣӢҽҸôˣ
ǸӢصҽ϶һ٣ѿĿɪһ۵ΣգҲ֪ܲܰ졣
˵ʲô
ɪ׵ҽĲҪͨ۾ʧǵľˡ
ҡҡҽŵɪɪеĲҩҲ˵ϡ
ɪſ
޴ֹסɪ³çôһҽʲô£˿ûϣˡ
˿޵Ļɪ鲻Ըɿ˶ԷԷвκҸ磬ҪβһҲɱ㡣
ӢԭɵİգⱻɪһţһҲûˡ ڵϲͣ˵ˣøòȡ
ɪҪȥˣȴֺס
ΪˣҪа취Ѿóˡɡ
ɪת˼ĿŰ֣Ǹ˼ҹĴԣ˿û˯ã˻Щ׵վϣԵЩ㲣Щ
԰ҶҲҽһܾȻ
źţһȻ˵


431 

ְӢشӵϷοļɣҪİæ
Ӣصͷϵľ˲١
ɪȥ׼ˮǵҪ͸ԱȽϺõġ
š
ޣӢҽҪƽɣ
޵ͷӢ˽Լ§ļ˵Ⱦƽš
漴Լȹ˺һСϡ
ߣɪ˲ˮ
ϸ۲ϵ˿ڣҪȥЩʲô䲻ȴֶԼ˵е𣿡
Сÿ˼һѹǵȻ˷𵽺ܴô
øҡ
ɪûж룬ͽĹǵ˳
ɵĽӹϾǵذ״С࣬ҺᣬһҲѾ
Ҫʲô
ɪ־Źǵ˵СȴסȻŵñͬʱҲۼֿ׽ס˶Էĸ첲
šüЩõĽ粻
ɪûмֵҽǲɡ
ģڸŶ
䣬־ƿɪ֣õ˵ĵطһʮεĿӡ

еʹĲҽҪվִֹޣס
صĵͷ˫ֿٻסԷؿڣĻᡣ
ŵ㡣
ʹĥܵƺôһʶڽֵʱѹֵҧס´ûٷ
ܿкɫѪҺӰֻĿɪɫһɣΪԼոյΪЩա
ûʱܹɪɫ𲼿齫Ѫ
ȵѪòʱֻ˿ɾĲ˿ϣȻʼϲ£ȻͶ׼飬漴
֡
㡭
޺ɪͬʱ
ͷҲҧУ˰ſȼ䣬˿ڡɹǵʹ⣬һĨȵĴУҲôѰ
֣㵽ڸŭˣҪ˫ֱ϶Ὣһ
մ˱ȾѪҺһھ˵ϣɫޱڵĶ֭һҪȻΣա
޼öҪ㲻Сȥô죿
û£зִ硣
˵ֵͷ˱
޲˫ȭĺֹÿҪҲ
ɪɫҸ磬ɡ
̧ͷŶ˷˸۵Ҿ˻ǾˣԻ÷ִ磬ǾͲҪ˺òã
ޣ
ɪ
ͬʱԣȴζӳµĲܡ
ԱߵӢҽҲĿɿڴôҲû뵽ˡŮӣ̫˲ˡ
Ķ֭ò࣬æˮ˿ڴϴ
˲٣ŽǰӢҽĲҩ飬ȻĨ˴ò
ּԭϵѾָĲ԰ף΢΢˿
뵽Լող߶æˮڣΣֱûΣղֹͣ
Ӣҽոֲҩ㻹𣿡
˵ͷ˵һС
ֲҩ߶ڷ󣬶Чȥٰһˮ𣿡
ԡ
ܱס˵ˮˣʲôԸ⡣


432  Ҫ

ԣҸɪǰµĳʡ
ֳһЦԼҲЩӦסˣΣգ廹ÿ˵
ɪдʯһ䣬Űֵ˸м𺳵ͬʱŮ֮Ľ밮⡣
ֱܿԷȵת޵°ɣûˡ
ƽɵ˯ȥְѰ§ϸǶػû°ɣ
û¡
Ǿͺã´ôΣյ飬һҪ׼ж𣿡
ǵǵץӣӦ֪´εġ᲻ÿðһء
ɪǱ˴˶ںģһ˵һߣȥҩûУֻоԼ̫ˡ
ŹʮӣɪʹӢҽҩ˹
һһҵķԼСιûʶιҩЩѣһҩһ붼档
ˡ
ַҩ룬תԿ޵õˣȻȥ˯ɡ
㵵㲻һȥ
һȷҪ۲һ£Ҿ
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꿨˵ɪҲҲҪ
գգ۾һֺЦôУǶҲ̫ˣǲˣҪúϢϢǼҪġ
޺ɪһۣЩʧܡ
ɣڶ㣬ʲôԽһ
֣·á
֪Լȥ޿϶ҲϢõģԾ͵ͷӦˡ
ɪҪҲţ
޵һ˾Ϳˡ
ǡ
ɣȥҽŪոյĲҩȻÿһʱһζ˽
ɪŸԼˣʱϲʤס
ּѾɣҲͲˣΪŶϵ亹
ĶСģػߵı
޵ⲻɵȥͷת
ɪȴһĽ֪˻дԵ͸һȥ߹ˡ˵ڣҧ˾ͳԼڱĺǻˣҲˡ
ιǻʲô
ָոն˵ˣҪԵİʾҲ൱ˣôվŲ
ȻѣɪͿ޲ŷ׷ײĵߵ˶档
һ־һֱĸǰκ
м䣬ɪһҩιࡣ
ȵʱ򣬰ѾЩֵס˯ſڵǿľ˯ˡ
һƺߣָ߶Ⱦ۾ʺûüͿʹҪ
æסҪʲô𶯣
̧ͷɫ㲵ĳ˹ȥﰵһĨϲȴޱʣôˣ
㱻ҧˡ
֪ǲǿҪˣ֮ǰִΪҲֵָ֣˰ϸĶͷϣǲǻþΪ˵ҧԺ󣬺пֻܳþǻþǻͦʵġ͸һ⻬ϸۣӤ
һҽߵݽÿҶûˣֻҪϢܺá
𣿡˼飬Ϯҧ˻ܻǰ˱жҧ⡣
Ȼǰһֱԣ˵Ѿúܶˡ
ң
еʡ
ֽˮһʪšɵȻһˣǴһæ
أ
棬ˣ˵ô໰Ҹ壬һɪιһҩ


433 Σ

ֽʪšɣһһ²ӣСᡣ
֡
·ʿָ߸߾
̧ôߡ
˳ӵİַһ㣬ʵӣ˲Ķͯ
Էȥˡ˵󣬰̲סЩЦ
ЦþȣϻһĨЩ˼
֡
ô

˵㣬ҹĲ˯ôᱻҧ
ҡ
ţ
Ϊȥժҹݡ
ҹݣΪʲô
ΪҹǷϲĻ
һ˵Ϊ˷ܵˣ
ӦûϷ
š
ȻôںΪʲô첻ѽƷ͸򣿡
ûںںǡֹ˼Ѿǳס
Ҳź˺ʲôϵ
ΪΪ˷ҵʮܣҲҹݱһ͸򡣡
˰죬ȴԼйء
˲䲻֪˵ʲôˣ۵ɵôĿֻһʵҲ̫ɵˡ
һʱЩ֣㿴ңҿ㣬ԡ
ʱɪˣﻹڵҩˮ
磬ˣ
ɪѣϲú޲ܳȥס
ɪͷһĨû뵽ԼεʧŪôҶôĺͽš֣ҹߵԼˣľܿƵ͵͵ϲ
ԣȻҸ硣ɪס˰ֵһֻ֣ﲼĿȡ
ֽС豻յۣðβżѵĴӶԷǸֻҪûʲôˡȥҩιȣȻúϢ
ĨỬ۴вڣɪһʧ䣬뵽ҪҲͲٶ룬תͽ
ּɪιҩǺܷ㣬ֻԼ֡
Сףһһ׵͡
ʵʵİҩˣڼʲôҲû˵ֻ΢΢һüͷ
οǲеࣿ
ҡҡͷЦ˵ġ
ΪιԼȵģǿ࣬ȴ
ּƶˣ֪Ѿûʲô⣬̾һúЪϢˡ
Ҫߣɪһ۽ĶŰ֣Ǹе£ǳᡣ
ɪС磬ѾչһӦ۵òᡣ˵ոΪ˾㻹
ǸѾûˣõġУһ㡣
컹ȼϣһ¾ͱ侫ˡ
ţģֱΪֹ
˰仰ŷģ̶ջȥϢɡ
ֵָ˵Ļ;Գ˱
ĿޣһŴţֳˣҲ
ôˣ
ѹˣûˡ
ḧͷǻȥɣæһϣ
Ȼ
ұȥ˵ţ޾ͽڻУԴĿڿ޵Ļͷôʪˣ
¶ˮʪġ
һֱϣ
š
ȥ˯㲻ϣԼܡ
۵ĳ⣬Էȴͷϸ˸µûڣô˯̤ʵ
ֱ׵룬˫ֽһһԼ˻ȥͬʱСૣҲһ


434 

صѨѾ
ŪЩԵĻѾſڸɲ˯ˣһϣóѾƣˡ
Ȼ̫İѣ޻ǲŶ˯
֣Ե͡
˯ԸⱻѣƤҲֱҡԴ
ԡԡ
УԶ岻̫áͳԼڣ˯𣿡
ӣһڻȰ
°ͣܵһͨ˼˵
ı۲ˡ
֣ſι㣬һ߳һ˯𣿡

ſͣûй⡣
æõĵһһ״Ȼιֵ
Ȼ˯ԺԵȴ㣬һڸ£Ҫһڡ
ܿ죬һ뵰ιòˣްÿԴŵͷϣ΢΢ѣΪ۵˵˯ɡ

һ˯
Ҫǿ޽緹㻹˯
ϴ֮󣬸оҲûʲôؿƵģʳҲ᲻Ȥ
֣Ե㡣
ްõⶼеûһͶѻһСɽ
ˣҲԡ
ôˣ޷¿ӣⵣǵĿֵ㲻˰ɣ
Եҡҡͷܣеûθڶѡ
ȵ
ϳ⣬ȥʢһ
ǿ꣬뵽ˣҪȥ
˵һãͽݲʰһҲһȥˡ
˱ɪڶչҩ񿴵һķ羰ֵܵıȻ
֣ˣ
㻹ðɣ
¶һڰЦЦ˵ûʲôǱҧĵطЩۡ
ûиоͷʹƣĻɶģ
ʱûС
Ǿͺá
˵ͷֿվԱߵɪɪպþ͵Լӭ˲䣬ǱץСŵøϽ
ֱɵĶŪЩЦһָ첲˴ι𣿡
ɪ͵һ£һϹιƵġǺ˵ôܻ㣿
Ϊʲôҿң
˭˵Ҳҡ
䣬ɪǿԼͷת˹ڶ۾ʱĪƿ
˵ûС
ɪ¸ˣԼҲ֪ô£ǲȥһ۾ľúܿ죬ˡģ·ʱǻĳһ
˵ģǲһֱ
ˣҵȻҪɪ̧°ͣ˵һȻ
һһҹû˯ӦҲͦ۰ɣ
áڹԼ
ûˣôô죿
ȥϢɣҿžͺá
Ҳۡɪ͵Ĵ˴ԼؿڣһڴǰԼܽ׳ǿš顪ı
˵ҿţͱˡ
ҡ
ɪȥɣֻչ˺ҵġ
ɪ뷴ϡ
˽һ𣬶֪ɪҲ˺ܾãΪԼһҹû˵ʲôƣ黹ܿ١
ðɣٹɪ綼˵ˣҲ
ͷֿ˿֣ŵɬͲᡣ֪Ļ᲻Լġ顱̲סȻ䷢ָ֣о񻹲


435 Ĳ

ɪ뿪ûã־͸ϸ˿ڣ·ܹ嶾׵Ĳҩ֭
޴ˮҵĻۿķ
ĵĻȥԺ󣬾һֱԼĶѨûгҲǵڲ֪˵Ϣ˲һоʹҴææĸ˹
˼棬ĪЩΡ
ĵĴԱ޵֣ʾԼȳȥ
޵ͷ˾Ĭĳ˶ڡ
ת˲ֻʣ·˵
һգҲգĶãʣ㻹𣿡
İ֧ЦмֿɬεҺܺã־һ
ü۴͵Բڲ֪Ϣ
ûϵ㲻Ҫ𡣡
˵ΪҲȥȱҧ
ֻǸ⡣
̧ͷϿЦмԣһУΪ˰ֶԲԣ

ûлشȴǾ㵵̧°͡Լ˼ô׵ıˡ
ʵҵһ۾Ϳˣϲǿ޵İ°֡
ҡ
ҲþöôôҪԣҲᱻ
Ȼ㶼֪Ϊʲô컹ңĿʡ
ȴ̹ȻЦЦΪϲѽ
Ƭ̶̵̣˵Բ𡣡
һۣûʲôûҪ˵Բ𡣡
ѿҲԡ
⣬ԼϲĴԣҪֺûʲôġҲ˵ˣ޴°ǰΪ˸ѡ߱㣬ɪǺܺʵѡ
֣ȻޱȼȴǿסĵĻϲʣ㲻ˣ
ҡҡͷȻûʲôģʵҪֽˣ˵һϲ¡ô˶ϲŲһ£͸˱̻ǰ֪Ķ־ҶΪǱĸǡ
֪֮ģԼڣҲҪһ𡣿ڣȴôˡ
ΪɥȻȴǰ֣ƾһ㣬Ͳܻˡ
úϢɣһףġ
ллķ򡣡˵ĳףͨΣ֮ĸҲ⿪ˡִӦҲΪ¶˰ɡ
м˵
ʲô£
һ翪ĵģʧ̲סΪѵѵҾðƺ֪δĿġ
ΪܸоǸƯĴԼҲ֪޵ͼҲԸǷĽϣôһĻᡣ
룬ģ˱û˵
𣿡Щʧ漴ֲΪЦЦûϵ֪ܿġ
ȻһгģҲٶ˵
򴽣˵ЩúĻĬȻĳȥˡ
ߵڣЦڿ޻һڶ޿ġǶ۵ģֱĽۺ졣
һ˭ߣ΢úÿģʮٵġΨʼֻпһˡˣֻҪпڣ·ԶҲԡԴ˵ЩԿͼȣɶ˵ȴĪ͡
ո˵ĻΪ
ŴҴҳķƵ㲻ٴһ𣿡
ˣһ¡


436 ܾ

˻صĿ񣬰ֲŵſҪȥʱȴ۾ǣԼĶЩ
æԵʲôȥŪ
ȴʶĳ޿ȥ̲˵һ䣺ԡ
Ҹ
Ҫȥ;ȴ޸һ
޳ͷ￴ͺá
š
ԥĵͷ޾ͳȥˡ
֡
ڰֻڶſԶȥıӰʹκϲõ
عͷȥЦº͵ĿԼһ˫ĺŶĿĹ
ò˵ȥ˵ģ˲ȴҲŵʿ
ôˣﲻ𣿡ֻһòԵ΢Ц⽫ԺӶ
ҡҡͷʾԼûвոջעջϰˡ
ߵĸǰһ£ֺͳ˲࣬Ҳͷ
̧ͷȴĶ˫ӡһգҲգľͶԼ·Ҫ͸һУ͸
ֻҵĽŲãȻܹоڶ
˲Ƶ˼㣬˭Ҳû˵˵ĺҲ
ȥǰ취ʵҲ̫ˡ
ȿȡǸϢһȥ
ҪߣȴȻץס֡
֣ߡ
ֻͷһһεĿԼЩͷƤǸʲô
֪ģϲ㣬Ҿҵߡ
ش𣬰ִ㵵⿴һۣĪΡ
ſңҪҲпˡ
֪пޣҲϲ
Ȼ֪ˣΪʲô㲻˸ϲ
ϵı˲סƬ̲һ˵ϲ˿Ժܶ࣬һ϶ֻһϲޣȴҲһͬϲҵġ
Уҵֻпޣ͸ֻһ
ѵ㲻ϲңͫ𽥷ŴܵͬʱҲ˵ʧ
־ڵӿȥȻ̲ܿסҪȥοǰ˵Ļ׷ѣϲϣҡ
ǵģҲϲ㡣
ܣѣ˵ĲĶ𣿡
ġ
ɫһףһ¶ķӦҲţ㲻ϲңΪʲôҪң
Ҿ㲢ϲ㣬ΪҰ㵱ѡ
ֻѣΪʲôҪڵ߶ϲõðΣգ
û뵽ԭΪᣬˣҰ߶ֻΪҽ߱ġʵ㲻㣬κһˣҲġ
ʹ࣬𾪣Ըţָӵıͬһʱ佻֯ϡ
ָܵȼأҧűһһߺŪˣſ
˵ۡʱﻮɲǵĻ㱺ΣҲǳѿˡ
ǶԷ̫Ƥ̫̫ףѿһɲǣѾȻԳ˼ʺӡǡ
ԼŪһʱҲѹģǰ͵ôˣ
û¡ص˿شġ
ҿ
˵Ҫֹȴһ㿪ˡ


437 

ŰֱĻʱĬһ궯ģҲ𽥱侲
ˣΪΪЩǾϲȻȴֻΪ
ִԣҿԲϲңҵⲻı䣬һȻ׷㣬ֱϽҵһΪֹ
Լѻ˵ˣΪǻ֪Ѷ˵ģû뵽Ȼǿѡ
˵ЩˣҪÿ֪
ֻû˵꣬ͱԷ䲻ĴϣΪ𣿡
ˮ󣬲˼ĳ˿ʲô˼
סĵ궯֮ƲԼĿ˵ͷĴȥҶ⣬ޱκ˶ҡ
ʲô
ϣܽҡ˵̧ͷԹСѸƵĿ
ֺٵҡҡͷ˵ܣܡûԿǴ̳ӵԸôԼԵ죿ˣεðΣգԼӲͬ˵
ԭʲôҲûи˵Գ̾˿ֵú룬ΪʲôͻȻңΪʲô㷢ʱȴߣοƵӴģⶼҴĻᡣֻǡûаסˡ
㡭
ɲʱס˺ȵû˵
˿ϸ룬·ôһЩɡ
ɵڣǰûеԼᵽĴڣΪʲôӺ߻ͻȻҪԼֵܣΪʲôεƵʾãϹӶó⣬ƫƫһоĿȴȻ
Ůɭ֣ʳסмϤϣҪ֪ǰǿΪ
ʱһԽĴ⣬ȴ룬ⶼԭ
֡
һܴģҲ֪ʲôֻԼǲ˵˻
ΪʲôҪΪʲôΪĺֵܣһ𣿡
Ȼǣֻ֣һ˱ѡ
ҲŲҪ˭ıҪȥʸ
л𺣷ӿİ֣Ѿû취Լٴһ̣֪ôģ˵õһһ˫ˣְԼ͸˱ԣԼʲô
һĿޣȻ˼ٵĽŲعͷһȴǰ֡
ȻһЦ֣ôˡ
ûлشɫȴԵʮѿ
ôˣ
ȥ֣СȴһƬĵ˲仮һĨԤС
˵Ķģ
۵׺Ứ·žӨĹȴҧŴۿģǾǿۡ
˵ʲôˣ
ͣٵһɲǣƲµʲôȴԥû˵ڡ
˵Ҫø
գ˲䱬ըôܣֻͬ׷㣬ʲôʱ˵Ҫøˣռûţ
ô˵Լİֺٰãп޵⡣
һᣬֱӴ̼˶Է׷ң͵ڰøΪһϲһˣװµڶˡ

޶˶٣ﲻɻһĨصıˡԼ˴Ŀޱȵʹ
־ٱҲܿԼģףȻԼΪʲôҪñֺ
ô֪ˣ
֣ҡ
ʲôң
ϲˣ
⻰ʱԼ֪ԼжСִĳʧ䡣ⶼҵģΪʲôôܣ


438 ̼

ûҾϲûиоˡ
ΪԹ˵˷
ĶؿƵܵ㻹һ𣿡
ǳʹĻðֶʱֲԸô׷Ź޵ţ˵ҵﲻͬʱװ˵ġ
Ƕˡ
һûʲô˵ġ
޻һȾֲŵҡͷ˵ܣ㲻ˡôǵ̣ǲĶ𣿡
ҧҧⶼԼҵġ
Բ֡Ҵˣ治֪

ܲܲҪ뿪ңҲҪǵ̣ôɰһܹĲҪǰɡ˵󣬿޻ĶȥưĿŰ֣þòӦʹļ׵İͷ˫֮Угľ
ѵľҪ˶ʧȥˣˣҪûа裿Щʲô
УԲУ̵ģû˭ܹ
ιȥ
ͻȻִӵվɫҪҪǰߣָϽ׷ȥס
Ҫȥһ߻Ӧ֣һ߷ݵս˫ȭ
һʲô
ѡĴԣ㲻
ش𣬰жȻϲ⣬һ㿪ˡ
Ϸû꣬ü
ܾģҲܾģԼ
֡۷ĺ֣˵ʲôȴһĨУɬЦϸ֣Գ벻ģȴҲ޿κΣҪѡ𣿡
ԭֻŻŻޣһѵȻӵĿޣѾҲûٿЦ顣
߹ȥסĸ첲ޣĴɵӣҪѡһʲô

Ҿһ仰㻹ң
ҵȻ㡣
Ŀĵ˵仰
Ͷˣ㰮ΪʲôҪƸԣҰ㣬ȴһҲÿԱĴԺá
Ϊ
Ϊʲô
Ŀһᣬ͸żʹΪһ˲ܺúõı㡣
ڲǺúõ𣿡
ǵ̻С
ԡԴӺ뷨
ûлӦȴĬϡ
ȷǰһֱΪ˵ҪסǴ´ࡣ
ɾ˺ǷԺףһ˵Ƕôޡƾһ֮Ҫ֣ӣǵǸң˵΢
ͬʱҲ壬ôĴԣעͲһ˵ģû԰ռȴֲ˷뵽ԼĺֵǱµڣ毺áƷ²ûô˼Ϊֵΰ£΢ܽһЩ
Ȼǵ͹Լġڴĵһͺˡͬʱ
ǣԼûԻð֣ȴֲԸԹӴЩ˽Է·Ҳûʲôֱġ
ˣò׵ֵ̬չͬʱҲ˽Ĵ㣬˭룬ȴ˵ֻװһˣͲҪԼ֪Ϣ жɱǣָǲԵġ


439 

ѽ㣬ô뷨Ϊʲôϸ˵Ҳҵ˼ƾɶ
ͷεֻΪá
ֱòŭЦ㶼ûʹңô֪ΪҺã
ҡ
ˣھ͸㣬Ⱳֻһԣ㣬ҲֻһԣǷޣǹͬ塣ʲôѣֿܷѡԣ㲻ҪˣҲѡˣ
֣ôܻ᲻Ҫ㣿ˣĵװҲԶ㡣
ſıףֽյ֮鳹һɢҲǰӵĿΪ˷֡
Ҫס˵Ļ
ʱ̼סһɫĴ֤
ӽҲңҪʲô֮ǰҲȸ𣿡
š
ԣĴԺܣС¹ҹܡʲô£ʲôС£
ãҶӦ㡣ֻҪֲ˵뿪̵Ļ˵ʲôͬ⡣
ԺҪұ𣿡
ˣǡ
һ壺ʲô
˵ԼϲɿֵɫæһתûгǣԺֻҪĸԸҴע⣬ҷֵĻҾ
ռĻ˲㡣
ͷǳҾͷһֵǱߣԼȥ˵Ͼǳġ
ɫһݵһᴦõġ
Ŀһſ޵ĸ첲˻εĵˣ͹ȥɡ
㲻һ𣿡
ˡոڶѾŪôΣԺüٺĻǡ
ðɡ޵ͷԼһлҪ˵ԱҲͦʡֵȻȥҡ
á
޶ʳ˱һ﷢İͷ̧
ɫԿָոӦ˵ʲôʮܴĻ
ޱΪֵܵʧеˣȴޱȸԾΪԼα֣еɳܡ
ĿſתȦҲûпֵӰеʧ
Ե㶫ɡ
޵ʧǵģ˲䲻֪οڡ
һжĴҲɽѵľ档
˵˿ȴǰʳȤĬãҪȥڳסĿڵܾˡ
仰ѹʧ䣬Ӹһζ
ûһʱỹܲԼҪ޵İæ
Ȼڶһٺ󣬾ûбĳӦ
ɫ䣬ʲô˼
ûʲôڰ棬ðʧˣûй˼ĸо
ԡ㲻𣿡֪¹ֲÿޣ̲סһ˿ʡ
Ǻ޿޲ǺԼҲֲ
㻹ûݵ̫԰ɡ
ǳǶֵܵİοҲǶԼĺ
۵ɴݶЩôҲҲ˵һģһĻ
úϢˡˣҺִʱѾˣ˺ãһ뿪
ޡһȭڴϣ֨µ죬Ӵһ˳ҲñףѵҪ˵㻰
ԼӦΪֵһΰ£Ϊʲô;Ҫڣû˼ֺαҪִΪҪദĹϲ
Բ𣡡
ߣΪһԲҾܹԭ㣿


440 çײɪ

żʧܵϢܿںڱ崫ˡ
ǶΪ˸еźҲû˭аϾ飬ľ˫ԸһףһŬҲûá
ɪϢʳﶼûһڣʹҴȥ˱
ɫڴϣޱȴͣ˰ץסĸ첲磬˵Ķ𣿡
ͷûɵĿһɪȻ֮ɫʹǰҪ㲼֡
ľܾˣɪŴɴ۾ǲ˼顣
֪ܵʲôȻܣҲʵĵ˵ͷ
Ϊʲô
Ϊһרһˣֻпޡ
ֻпޣΪʲôҪôãۿΪ߶һˣôܻ
ɪǸĴԣ˭ܺáǣֻпޡڿοɪ˵˵ţĶȴȻΪʲôΪʲô޻ôˡʮǰ˹гϵϿɺ˵İʮȴִĴԡүǲƽ·һкõĶ
ܣҪȥô㣬ΪʲôͲҪ㡣
ɪ
ɪçײҪס˭֪СѾһƵܳȥˡ
˶ԼɪҲ˲СĴ
ɪŰûн͵ԼҲûϣ﷭ţһֱסĵط񱼡
ԶԶľͿӰڶѨУվϪԱߣǰĻзڽ̸ɪ̸֪ݣʱסԼĻƢ㵽һô棬ֻ
ִԣĲ
п޾ͺˣҪӰ¡
ǴԶҪ㣬ôĴԸӦˡ
ǱˣҾͦá
ֲĵ׷ʵΪ𣿻Ϊ㲻ϲ
ЦЦ㣬Ҳһжҵԭ޹ء
ôϲ㣬Ӧû͸İɡһ˵һѹĴͷ
ҲñǸָȥģ뿪ˣܺ
Ҫˣ
ţεŪôҶ죬ҲúͿ޻ȥˡ
Ժ𣿡
Ӧò˰ɡ
˵ֺͷԵЩ˸СʱͻȻһ˾һܵĸǰɷ˵ץסֵιôô飿
ɪ
ֺͷͬʱһ
ɪȴܲ˵ĺɶĴԣҸϲ㣬ȴҪ˵߾Ҫߣ㻹ûİ
ں˵˵Щʲôſҡֶ֣Է̫ѹ
Ҳżɪʲôȷſ˵
ɪӰҲţҾǲš˭˵߾ߡ
߲߹ʲô£ǱһŪ˻ÿôĪ
˵ΪʲôϴӦҸ磿ѵǾȲޣ
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441  ϻ

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һôôǰԼʱǸԼΪεıôǿѵ˵ǰһֱǹģ뵽ɪһٺ⡣
ޣԼιȥģȷɪŪģҿֻ֤ŴܣҲˣøϽվࡣ
𣿡ɪűĲӣϾίͬʱΪڵĲѡ
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442 ɢ

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ŬһֵֺӢ˵ǰ㡣͵һǵġ
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ȥĶԣòǲġ
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443 

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ҪȥĻסһҪһȡáΪӴڵ״ֻ֧һµʱ䡣һ֮㲻ȡأ¡
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444 

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445 

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446

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447 ܴ

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Ϳƴȫȴԣ֮˺


448 ˯

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Уһ㲻ҲǾͲðˡ

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ɪһƣ˯úúõģԼڣȴ˵˯šȻᣬҲûʸ˵Ͼ޲ڵİ¡


449 컷

ȥš
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ּҪߣԼǲе֣תһ룬йŮദһңҲǸñӵĹ
Ҫ䣬ͻȥɣûϵġ
ҲԷҲֻ˵
ģǲġ
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ˣԵһ׳ǵ紵㲻ʲôݲУһĥ¡
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˯ҹоԼ񱻶̫Ͼ¯𿾵ܡ
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˷ʥൽ޷֡
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ԲԲĹĵţ޷̽ʵȴʧصıԵ
һʶġ̡ͷǱ¶÷羰ԽʵӳԹߵӾ
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450 ζ

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451 

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452 ǹ

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׷˵ЩΪãǻҪ粵ûҪûгɪӦĽ¶һԼΪƻһС
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454 ʪ·

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455 Ե

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457 Զ

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458 ˼伫Ʒ

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ԭǹƭģʳûжҲǵһγԡ
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ҿԳ𣿡
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459 ü

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صɪѾϳԹʳͽƤִɾְЩûĶؿڴҲɪӵٳֲʵ״ɫвͬСҲһûܹδʳãҲ֪Ƿж
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460 ٶ

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ŴίĻشɪһҧҧȥЦðٶҾ㡣˵ţ͸Ҫ

־񱻵Ѩһ㣬˲䲻ҶˣͬʱüΪС
һǷ𣿾Ȼ˵Ҫ
ѵ˿ǰ˵Ļ۸Լ޻ǲùӳԵġ
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461 Ϯ

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464 

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ְѸոսˮǿʪëݸ
ɪԣҧס
Ĳ÷죬ʵļߡ
ڼ䣬öڱǰ̽Բʲô
ɪԲΣհ£ûамҲͰˣôܶ𱨵˿أ
һʼȽϷŭ˰ֵĽͣǲŻȻ
ԭ˿ڣϣϵµİ̺Ҳ󣬸ʹȾͬʱһֱ˿ڻ˵жѡ
Ӣҽֵҽ𺳣ȫ̶Աϸôǵһ˵˿ڵġ
˵Ƚ⣬־˵ĶǺ
˿ڷ꣬Ѿʱˡ
ССһʮദ
˿ڴͬʱɪҲ޲ȡعͷӢϿѪɫĶŰֵ𣿡
šͷȴ뿪˿ڡ
ǿЦǲǺѿ
һ·ҪϸʮΣƶÿֺο˵Ƥ
Ժָġ
οָĨЩҩͿĨ
ƿһһνǴóĶ
ҩˣһ¡
š
Ŵñǿ׷Ӧһ
ŪףҲ۵̱ڵһҲ붯ֻ첲þԼһ㡣
ɪתȥҪ˵ʲôȴһڴϣȱ𶯣˿ڲŸշã㵽ſȥ
𣿡ɪ亹乵ĳʡ
е㡣
ȥŪԵġ
ڲҶ
ִҪҲ㰤
İɣţ⼸ҪʲôǶ׼õġ
ӭķţԶ˿ɢʳ
ţ򡭡
֣ǰһֱǣҲǸðʱˡһ֣ٲȻǰõѿ
Ҳǣһɪܵˣ͹ȥſ˴ϡ
ллǡ
ÿǸ͵Եģֲ鷳
˵꣬Ƕ˾ͽ£ҿӣţ⣬кԼ񵰡
ɪſھҪ⣬ȴڻǳԵ嵭ĺá
ۿʳﶼιߣɪջЭѡ
־ÿζЩѵҪմ
ֵڲ̼ܳʳϻʹ˿ڷס
ôܳԵĶôడɪʱĵͣӰֹ
ſ˲ֻЦŰɣִôҲΪãҪ⣬㾡ܳԺˣԺķҲĳԼ


465 ӦԷ

㡭
ɪ˲ԣֻܸɵ۵Ŀš
ȴ˵Ĳ𣿡
ˣܳԼԵĶɪʱӹֲڰйֻҧгݵսȭͷӥ壬˺ˣһǵĳѨ
˵ӥ壬źͷͬʱ˼СΪӥͻϮȷʵǵ˴˲Сľź˺
ǺüλԸ̣Ϊ̫ǸˣһҶʧȥ˵ıʹ֮С
ɪӥӦòżȻһ֪ڣԲŻҵġ
ǵĻûм˵ȴصĿɪ
ϾɪΨһ쵼ҵˡ
ȥתڭϳǣԺԲҲٲԴʱҪڴԺߣܵˡ
򲢲Ͽɵҡͷ꼾ϾҪˣԼٲԴʱǾ޷㹻ʳ󲿷˻˰
⻰һ˵ص㣬ɪٵؾͳĬʱ޷ȫİ취ʱߵİȴˡ
õ
ţ
ͬʱûͻȻ˵仰˼
̧°ͣɵĲ䣺ǰڹʱҲľӥַ޵ˣȻ˵ǶԾӥɱʮǿʹǳ
ģа취˻~~~~
ɪ̫ĳ°ͣǣ˿۵
΢΢һ۵侲㣬һ˵ġһ˿ڿˣҪ·졣
ɪСװĵͷ֤ԼҶˣֲŰѵԼͿʩйļƻ˵ɪͷ
ڽ;Уֻ˳ʯͷڵͼ˲ͼҪô
źͷڵ֪жԸӥİ취󣬵ȥĳԲߣԼ˵Ĵ̡
ɪһȥģȴֹľˣĶġ
ʱ򣬰ֲɷѡ
ΰʾɪǼһȥϢװ
ǰû˵ʱÿ춼ʯڴ˯˵ôأԼ϶ܰϵȥ
һҧڴıߴӣԼίһˡ
ԣʲô
˯
ɪΪԼԶԶģֱĸоﲻ˵Ϊʲô˯
òҵͬȴ˯ڰϣġ
˯ɣһҶȥ˿ڣùĿ㡣
ôĴҵġ
˭˵׼
ּһӣҲûźǷҪЪϢ
У㲻˯

ɪ¶еܣֻǿʶӺӲҲˣ˯岻á
ûϵ⣬һҲû¡
ԣ
֣
죡˵ţԼĵطһģһУ·ĸѽѽ
ַ˷۵ܲ㣿
Ҫ֤İȫһҹӵˤô죿
˵㣬ҾҪİȫԼ
ĳ˶ʱһͰ͵ıǺðɣҪչˣùң
֣
ʲôƤ


466 

㣬ٲҲ˯ˡ
ɪ˵գҪһ˿ܵǣ鶼Ťޱȡ
ԴըڱıԵ㵽Ҫ
㵽ȥλá
ӵĿռ̫խˣſ¡
ҵȥƤܱȥǿ
˼룬ǰúúãһ˯ϣôӦңʵʵ˯𣿡
ıóѣɪʱ¶ϲЦõģұ֤
ҪǴһҡҾ͡㱳Ϸõٸ
ɪһµҧҧԭҵɶ˼ţضˡ
֪ˣ֤Ҹҷġ
ˡ˯ɡ
Ҳȥʲôԣ˵˳ҲûǾˡ
ɪһһңһƤ̺мһſţһţܿͰ
ԣᳪ𣿡

ǰҺСʱΪƤܻŪһ˻ؼң۵˯žҰ־ͻᳪ˯
Ŷ
ܲܳ׸
ҳ費ơ
ûϵҲġ
ҽ⣬ܲܰ𳳣
~~~
ҹĺ 
Ҵȥ°䣬
е㺦ȴҸ
ָоҺϲ
῿ߣ
ýҵı䣬
о٣
׷޹أ
ҹɫֿ
ʲôʱ˯ŵģԼѾǵˡ
ɪȴһҹҲûعۡ
Ϊʹ˯ţ᲻áû᲻ôõһҹ˯Ŷ档
ҹʹһŰ˯ӿһޣżָһһĸպüͷ·Ĩȥ벻졣
ԼԽԽϲˣϲ㲻ܵõԶԶҲǿġ
֪ԼΪʲôΪӣΪ˵ĸСȻ̾𾪵ǣںڲͬСԹϣ·ںʱεأܴ벻ľϲ
ɪ룬һеڶ˰ɣԼлܵĹһǵжõ
ʱСѾסɪߣĵСϵôأһȥˣ
żܳ˶ڣû߶ԶͿŵϴ
Ǹ첲Ļ̫ºü˿ڱˣûиоһڼĶ
ֳȥͽǰС˹ĸ׽ĺӵ㲻Ҫˣ
ɪԭЩŭıһ¾Ц
ˣ
Ǹˣʱ岻ʹ𣿡
Ϸ̴ĵŪˣҾǺ
ô
´ǰҪǵĳû⡣
Ǿͺá
ҾС˵㣬ЩôɶֻǴǣȫеڶԣôܲ뵽һԸǣ
ɪѯðֶ˶٣ĵ˼һӲŵУùɱ
ɪգ۷ϲʲôոֻʣû뵽Իиõİ취ȻСԴ͵ͬһءֻҪͣھ򣬾ͻϲ
Ƚ鷳һ㣬ѶҲ΢һЩЧܺá
ûϵֻҪܶԸӥ壬ǶԳԡ
Уȹ˺ˣҽô
ɪҡͷֳȲӵõˣڰɡ


467 β

ֿѪ˿ڣҲİڰ֣ҵģȻҾͲ㡣
ɪֿɰӣһůʣ̲סȥֵԺʹǾͰ֣ȻȻתƵ󣺡߰ɣȥҸҩ
˵˿ڣһϵÿ죬ͨ˵ĺü
Բżʱ䣬ɪϵ˾Ѿ˽״̬
ߵĵ죬ְŵԣָɪ
ɪľͷҪøûзһѵӲľľľáľͷнᣬʵ϶ȽϸߣڷżʱӲ֮֡⣬ľͷҪеԡеԵľͷܶ࣬ɣľǲ֣òι̡
˵ľͷѰҲûѵɪϾסطŮɭ֣ȱľľͷģӲģֵģϸģʽУֻҪһһԣõʵġ
ѡľͷѡҡ
һԵĹңߣ߲˿֮࣬ЩȻǲУǾѡϬţ档
깭ֿʼ
ֶɪľҪԽֱԽãÿֻĳȴԼǹһ롣߶һҲûйϵҪĳȲ㣬޷
ɪһһ£˼ԼȽɻ⣬ֶĵĸ
ƵԱʵôϸһľͷ˵ЩӥǵĳǺӲܺء
ûµʱëҲ˲ɡ룬ȴû˼Űֵ˵
ЦЦİɣһõġһ㣬СľҪʰһЩôļһǶƽ˷ŵϿһǾͻֱסսȴٽ̴ôĩ˿һСڷҡ
źͷ򻹳ֻɪѾͷ˵ȥˣһ
һʱڶһ磬ֽ˴Ҫһͷ
ͷ򵥵ľذ׻ǵ֮ĶǵĶĥȻʵȶüӲҲýͷĶͷ
ҲѣֻҪľϿ̸ڣٽͷ׽ȥöѼľľסǾͳ˹ͬһ
һѹɪоͳˡ
˵ĻڴУɪʹеͬʱһҲ˼˰ֵҿ𣿡
ֹ֪ѹͬڳ˶֪
ԡֵͷҲһȽּ
ûⶫ̴ģӳжҲȫֻ֤«Լ֪֪ʶС
ɪߵһҰֻͷɹȸӥͰǳһ֧׼һֻãžȷ˳ȥ
ڿǷһֱܿ׹˵ϡûȴɲˡ
ڱ忴˾æߺȹơ
ҲĴָôô׼
˵ɪǵһȻһͰˣʵǲˡ
ɪȴ׼࣬Ϊʲôеȴǳ򣿡
һ䣬ЩƫҲ˵ݵʱƶʱ͵ÿ֮˵Ԥˡ
ŶɪĽͣŻȻ
Ҫø׼ĻҾٸβʹķйȷ
𣿡
š
βʵһ֣򵥵ģǰһЩëճڼβˡ


468 

磬󹦸ɡɪβĹһΣ˲һ˵㵸ŰһһԼļ
ò˵ɪһǸ֣һȻܰٷС
ʮȥʮֻ޹Сŵܱߵɡ
ɪͨļɱ˵˶߹ĥļͷԴ̴ͷݵ壬ֻҪ㣬һЩƤëʵҲ˺
ҪǣһֺֿݣһĶܲ
һԺ󲻽ԸӥǰôǿôҸʡʱʡջ
˲ǰľɰ취׷ѰֻҪй֣ʮ֮㶼ֿɵá
һбɪ뵽ԺеļλԺ˱ҪĲʱ䣬ԣÿҪһʱϰ
δԣֻҪΣҲҪöͯ㹭ѵ
ϢһȻȻĵõ˵Ͽɡ
ָЧʵĲԷʽʮұܣʹǵһ󲽣ǵĴ٣˭ܷԣ
ʱ䣬ɪҪչ˰⣬ͬʱҪල
һҹ֮䣬Ǹëɵк˲䳤
ü䣬Զһжɡ
ţԺûɪһҲܴˣΪһ쵼ߡ
ԣʲô⣿񣿺βࣿǺУ
ɪȵܵĸǰѯʣüͷšø߸һʵòɫܲܲϷɵˣ
⼸ˡ
Ҳ˹ЩһΪڿȥɭƷֵԱˡ
ʲôɬʲôʣʲôȣ۾˵
ʲô
ɪӺףԵЩΪѡ
ˣҳԵˮɣҲûθڡ
⼸죬θԽԽ˯ʱԽԽҲԽáɽ亣ζǰҲԲȥ
ЩûӪ㲻ܳǡ
ҲԲ£ȥҲ³ɪ˵ǲǿˣ
԰ԹĻŸ˵꣬ͼɪȻǰסһŭҲ׼ô˵
ŵһ󣬲֪ΪʲôԼʱúί
ɪͰ͵ӣûԺٸ֡
ŵͲ˵ֻƴͷ
ɪŽſıȴʼûɢȥתܵڶԹԴţҸ
Ŷ
ÿ£ǳ̣һСľҪžıըɡ
ҪҲֲôߣܵܣ
ڰʱ죬ɪ˹ʱ򣬿һڴϣһĹâյĺ촽·Ҳһ˿
ʳɫĳ嵽ĸǰ˫öĽڻҡΣԣѣѡ
ԣ۾ҲҪٲҡ
ˣѽ
ָ˯ţͱ͵ҡѣɢɢ۾ͿɪһҪӡ۾þħһ㣬˿־һ˼ĿˡĪģ˾ۡ
㡭
СһôǵZ𣿡
ûֻǡԶ
ֻǳԶΪʲô˵仰ʱ˶ƮƮģ鸡£˸о˿


469 ñ

һֲ֪ʲôʱˡ
˯ߵʱԽԽ˼½жҲóٻʱţΪԼ
֪ڵ߶ӦѾˡ˶Ϊģƫƫ޿κΡ
Ӵᷢ۾ǿߵһǣǽϵġ
һģ壬
ԭ޺Ѿ˶ʮһˣʲôʱܻҵ
Լÿ£ԽԽšһԭ򣬿ĵǣԼҲܼİһ棬ǲźɱİɡ
ޡɣûҵҲ
ĬĬͬʱʹɪ
ԣѵãҴȥ⡣
˵ž͹֣һ鵽ӣڽӴԶĿˡ
ôˣ
ûɪҲŶס
Ҳ˵Ϸɵġ
εı֤һ
ֹʲôһͱɪԵקųȥˡ
ʱˣǰԶûгһ㡣ϲ˼ֻҪԸ⣬һͻһЩ޹Ķֲã˺顣
ߵ⣬־Ѿ֧ϲͣðŶĺ飬˵ɪĽϪȱȥġ
ֿٺڱںӱ߸ʲôͶëÿ϶ŵֽЦݣʮֺг
ɪİ֣Ϳһֻ֦ķ˶ʮӴ󣬱ιëĿҲ¶ʮǳаڰԴһɫļ죬ȥֳӲ
ǡԾŴͳɪѯʡ
ӳЦ¡
ѵǰϮǵЩӥ
ԣ
ô׽ǵģ
ԼΪһأǳ˴һ͵ϮֻϧһΣʧأʮֻӥֻֻСȫ
ɪָָܣֹȻӥʬеıڹеıţеıըţҪжҡ
ɪֿӣҲЦЦˣ￪ˣ
Ȼͷͫ﷭ǻⶼĹͣҪǷ˹ǿ»ҪЩһɧš
֪ҰǴæԺɵöҺõ㣬Ͼҵӿɲˡ
ǴȤһ仰û뵽ɪЦ˲סˡһ룬ͽӵ뻳УȵŵıҲ˵˵Ļ𣿡
дһ˿ƣ񱻾ƾȾһ˵С
֪ƲҲʱִİοİɣҲġ
ҵԼ֪䣬ؿҵǺ
ɪΪԼ̫յŵæ֣תϡ䱦һСôˣֲ𣿡
ҡҡͷģأԽȳǿѪʻ˶
ɪˡζҲʡ˵ĺӲ洫˹
ɪͷȻ֪ӥζǺõġΪƽạ̊́öɭҰֻҪһ죬Ǿͻĳԡ
Ǳ˭֪ʲôˬڣεĵطĿꡣ
ɪһ뽫ʳԴļһ룬Ȼ۽ǸϵԶųɻұĻǿ


470 Ǽ

ԣ ⻹Ǻɪ۵׷Ц⣬
ûʳİ˵һ֡
ɪ˵һãֶңȥʢ
΢΢ס
ɪתͼܵ˺Ȼվ
һۣŵĶᵽɤۡ
ԡԡôˣ
ûߵһ̣־εˣˣڱǻڲͣѪ
ֽЩѪסϧô棬ǾƤɳӣָܻ϶͵͵
ɪûſ־ĺ졭ȥӢظ죡
æľȥˡ
Ӣоϴνķ֮ΣϢйһעָҲ˲˱ģҴææľ͸˹
ִ˿ѾɪصɽڴţӢƤޱȳص̾Ϣ
ɪһУȻ½Ӣһקŭʲôôˣ
Ӣε̧̧üǰһ֣ðβŻ̵˵ѾŲ˶ˡ 
оԼǱʲôһ£Щ⧲ıѷ飬ǴŲʣǶã
ӢشͷԼǸɱ֣Ƴſ졣
ʲô
Ѿļޣ֮ڣ޷ͻأܻᡭ
ˣ
ǿƴӢذǸ˵Ϊľ֡
ദˣŶ֪ɻ䡣Ψа֣ǰ޽ɣÿŪλ󶯣ƫƫ޷Ƣ
ɪŭգʱܻٵһеĶħӢظоԼٲһ뿪пܻΪڻĿꡣ
ҪȥԿһҩ𣿡
ڵ߶
Ȼܡ
ʲôãŭʢ
١ԼһЩʹ
ȥ
䲻һŭ𣬲ӢصĶĤ󣬹ѡͷ

ָоںȣһѻڹ̵ţ۾һһΧĻͷԼܿҪɻҽ
ҪҪճɻңҲҪٻÿ޿ӡҪǻһѻңӵĻᶼûˡ
ǣͣڻǱС Ҫƴһ㡣
Ȼ֪ά˶ãԼڲôˣоһ˿⡣
̧ͷһĪһѩɽ档
ȥΧһƬΡѩףһĺı뵽ĹУ˲ݶڴ
~~~ԼҪˣæͷĹȻɫһԽԽ䡣
оԼѪҺ챻סʱ򣬺Ȼһϲֱ
֡೤ĺԽ˼һ㡣
عͷȥһƬѩУ˿޵Ӱ
վѩɽһˣʮ׵ľ룬һգգĿȻ
ޣޣ
һʱһҲˣʹӵ˳ſ޵ķСʵҪȥ
֡
ûжֻһһĺ֣Ѿϲɫֵü˾Щʵ
Ѿ˲ôֻ࣬ҪޣҲֻصߣúñ
ңϾ͹
ڣܽˣֻҪǰǵףͿ֮


471 ʹ

ȻϵǣǰȻѩԼδȥıԹѵ״ƿſڵλó̮޵ֱµĲͣ׹䡣
󣬰ֵĶ߻ںֵ
ޣҪ
ԣôˣ
ɲʱֵ۾亹ʹãȻĶɪžֵǵĿȱŴʹϢ
ԭΡ
ε˿޴ѩɽ䡣
ʵ˵ĸоͺһ㡣ңȥĵطǰ˿īѩɽΣǲʲôԤʾ
Ŀһ£ƿƤ̺Ҫ´
ԣʲô
ɪ죬æѹסȲ
ᣬЩƵأûУҪ
𼱣ˡ
ʱ䣬͸һڻ·ϰɡȻǲ¡
Ҫȥ
ˡ
ңҪȥҿޡȿȡ
˵ֿһںѪûסֱ˴ϣһƬŵĶ÷
ɪĿģһѽ§ڻУǿƵĲҶԺ󣬲Ŵȵ㲻ȥȥġ
Ҳǻ
ѪʪĴԭͫ±һƬݽߡ
㣬ٵòã

ûлӦȣԼѾȲˡ
ǿɪһĹĴ£ﲼʹԼʧȥͺ£Ȼס
ôһˣ˿̾ΪԼİΣʲôȥΥԸأ
вɬȻͬʱһʹ
ɪͻȻ˸ɫ׵úֽƬ˵ﲻ𣿡
ۡҶӡۡ
ҧסִʸβһ̵˵ġ
ɲǼɪ֣类ӵ͹󣬷ȥڴ
ɪȭգ޲ԼȥһпѣͽվںӢؾ˹㲻˵ҩܼʹ𣿡
ûҵҩһ˿ʹҲȫʹ
顪
ɪһȭʹӢصıӣһŽߵ˵ϣŰڴϵʹУΪ˽ĽӢصĳͰ
֪Լԣ̲סû취侲ĿΪָоԼҪܡ
ɪ𡭡סס֡
ӢصĺߺҲɪһĻֹ
ɪڿеȭͷʵķȥŭ˫Ѫ˿ĿһѱͷӢأͺһ
ӢرͷҿһۣͲֻʶӡ
ɪԭطһ˻ȭͷԼؿʹһֱͨԼѪͣ
ûôκ˵ģôԼûãڰжԺȻʲôҲˡ
ٴվѾʹιȥˡ
ƴСݵֻʣͷ̺ϸС赽󻹽ץűӵһǣ᲻ľ͹˳
Ժûٿ޹ˡѾʲôζΪⱲӶܻᣬΪ߲Ż飬ǿֻѪ
һ̣ˡҲãǿҲգֻҪľǻġ
ᣬԼٿȥֶԴ𲻵κΰĶֻԼܡ
ԣ㲻ġ
Ҵñǣ仰ڶ˵ĬĬİοԼ


472 عⷵ

ֹ֪ȥ졣
ѵʱһĸʱ
ɪһ̲ߣҹĲ߲ݣҲࡣ
мŶҪչ˰֣ɶܾˡ
磬ˡ
ɪʯһĴǰץ֣һգգĿһȻ˯𣿡
ɪعͷƣĿһۣʲôҲû˵
һʼһʣ᲻ͣ취ѣΪ֪˯ʱԽԽ岻
ڡһֱ˯š
ΪʡµٲʱĻʹԿ̲ͣѪĥ
ޡޡ
߽ܵ˾޴ľţ鶼š
ɪĺȴûȻָ¶ȣȴڼ½
Ԥе˲̫ãʹȽȻ飬վʱЩѣġ
ʶǰһû°ɣ
ɪںİڰ֣ĴӰƹ򣬽ҿ
һҪȥĶ
ҲٵȣҲԴС
û໹һʱ䣬ٲҵⶾķӣͻȥ
Щ죬侲ԣʵ˭Ҫżѹ
һֱԼͿ޻űǡˣҪˣǸ
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ɪ˵꣬סֲĿ˰һۣȻĳѨˡ
ذ˰һ;һֱûѣ˰ҹա
ӢҽòװսȥιһЩˮ˵ڶ磬漣ˡ
˵ľƺ
ܸˣæϢ߸ӢӢԺ󣬱ȴԽˡ
ΪҽȻ֪ʲô
ܶҪʱ򣬶磬ԶʱĲͻȻѣ˽м̵Ľ̸ʳɥʧԲȵ˻ͻȻԶЩ顰ᡱ󣬻һּ˲ΪתΣΪʵһ־ǰźš
Ȼüû˵İ֣Ȼرµĺͷ졣
·Լ˽úϲû¶καˣֻǵɪȥ
ɪȥΪҩˡ
ЦЦҶҪˣˡһӲҸһԺٶԹװͰ͵ģ׳ɵ
ޣ㿴ھôãô
ǰΪʲôҽ쾫ôأҪǵǰһ羰һĵطɽˮʻʢҾûʲôźˡ
֣˵
Ҫģȿ޻ҸҪ𣬲Ҫѹ ׼ңҪǵ̣ܸҺ裬Ժ˵ص£ҾҲ
ϸ˵ţϷЦȫڽԣڹ滮δ
ȴ˵ˣĨỨŵҪ˵Լȥ߿ޣҲŲЩء
ѽСһ㵱ɺѣôæҲң
ҡ
ߺߣ㲻ңҾϻȦȦ㣬㳤꣬һϲҲϲԣȻһ̡
˵ˡʱķѾ
û˵ء̶ܵƤϲܵҵķͷˣȻҷϵʻժ£ûض˶ͻһֱδӦҵûа쵽
򣺡


473 ҩ

߶߶˵˺ܶ໰ڵʱ򣬰˯ȥˡ
һػ˯ԺϼβһܸоָıԼǿʧĺ
Ӣҽ
ӢҡҡͷһƬ
ѵҪˣӣš
ҹѾʴ
ˡ
վȵķһ¾Ե˵ϡ
Űǰôʻ˶һ˵ļֱ޷ܡ
ƫǧһ֮ʣȻڶڴźˡ

лһĨ·𿴵˾ĳ֣Ｄһűˡ
Ȼˡ
һƵĴ˽õȹƳ˴;еǱǣҵͷӦδþһݵճ˫ɫӣΪɣ
Ѿ˲ô࣬ھתӢصü𣿡
ӢҲò׼˵һ䣺ԡ
æȡԼСЯŵĲƤڴһöʵʵĹȡ˳ǹӸʥŮĴСһ㣬Ө͸һƯɫ
ڹӱóһ˲䣬㱻һɷǳŵζ⣬ζޱȴˣڶƮƮȻĸо
ӢؽӽӹŵһСʯӵ飬Ȼ֭Һ˳˷ֻʣһİ£ľһһι
ʼôι̲ȥ֭ˮ˳°ǰ취ֶ򢣬֭Һǿൽ
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ιꡰҩľǵȴ
Ӣظʱϵ̫Ѿ˼ޡҲܱ֤ⶫܲ
εĵͷˣûнικһ˵ϡ
ͬʱ뵽һ·Լʧȥһõֵܣ˾˵ܡ
ɪŸҲˣ˱֪ж࿪ġ·Ⱳпĵ飬ֲǰ̵Ŀġ
Ȼڵֻ֪δʱйƤһӾͱ˻ȥ
󡭡
ˡ
оԼ˯˺ܾãһǰ
Ҳ֪ԼǻŻˡ
¶ĿһΧĸǰʱԼǻŵġ
Լˣ϶ǲܿɪӢأšԼǡ
Ϊһ˶ٻʮ꣬϶û˸ǵĻ
֡
ԡ
ֵͬʱоϲġ
ˣˡ
ŷȸԾ
Ҳסͷִôõˣ˻ᱣȻ
ҡĻţ
Ŵ˲˼ѯʡ϶ǻЩ¡
ΪʥˣҲǺºİ
ǵģţúúõġ
ûһֱȥ

źͷ£ȻжܷܸоѾһˡǰȣѳЩȴк֮С
ִԣǸ
¶Ц˵ֻԼһѣ֤ⲻΡ
ЦЦҪˣ۰ģһ̣˱պ߶
Ҳ̫ʱˣΪԼ˵ġ۵ġ


474 

ɪЩתͷϲõỨĨȥתʮĳ˵Ҿ˵Һ͸粻ġ
ллҵһмĿȴЩڵĳ˵ͷҲǻϲģȴڲסʧ䡣
ҲϾ˼Щֻˣأ
֣Ӱһˮըʹڳ˶һҵı飬Ҳ̼ϲתǣӲϢ
ôˣ
գգ۾ҲƮ˿˭ҲֻǽĶ
㱻÷ཱུһĭȻ¶ڰ崺ЦιõԼɡֻһСˣ´㣬ڱ
˻һ˶һֳۣĬİŲ
ʱ˵滰Ǻõİɡ
ˣģ𣿡˵ţҪ´ȥ
ȻŲá
أȣ·̫㣬Ȼ͹ˡ
𣿡ֽŽɵĿ԰׵С͸۵ĳ
ǿĳһĨЦǡ
ûոȥ׷Ҫңûչ˺㡣ɪ¶ίı飬ҪѻѻݵøһЩ˭֪ͻȻȴ˶һ׳յ
üͷš˵ô׷㣿
׷ģûܹҡ
ͬʱ˿֪Ϊ޴ۣΪĻǵޡ
ִԣ޾㵣ûй˺ˣȻȻˡ
֪ˡ
Щʧ˻ȥȻҲ˵ܲµӦ˵ЩذɡֻСˣ϶Ϊġ
žͺãģѲҪ
ʱ䣬ɪֵܣչ˰֡
ò˵ⶾĹЧǱ鵤ҩ
ʱ䣬־ͲٿѪͿµˡֻǲһ£˸ߣҲ̫Զֻڶ
磬ֵһִʳ
ʳлأˮ䡣
׻˵ɽȥ˿
о߶Ժ󣬰ֲָθҲ˺ܶࡣ
ڳԵʳֵȻԵ̫٣һȰԡ
Ͼڵİ֣ٱȵʮϡǰСϻģСˡ
ˣұˡ
ǡٳԵˮɪĵ˵
ֱӵģɺȻ뵽ʲôסŴǰ󣺡Ǹҳ˿ɲԴӦһ
ֵܶһۣͬʱͷ
һȥޡ
û˲ܼȥ˵⣬ĶãֻҪٵ죬Ϳչ˿ˡ
ֵܸסһʱ˵
ôˣ𣿡
ɪվʱУ廹ûȬ
Ĳˣ㿴ڻġ
ٵЩӡ
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ɪ˸һۣΣԼ˼Ƭ̣ʮ졣
ʮ죿ĵɴ۾У̫ˡ
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Ҫȥ
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˱ȻѾΣգ֢ûȥǾĿ۵ë


475 

ϣ뵽ڿԼ˼ҹĺӰּ֣һû˯š
ԣ۲װģΪľǼޡ
ھԺŵ֪һǶôҪĵεǰҸжͣаģֻҪ»һӱϧ¡
ʱʵ˯š
緹ʱ䣬ֵܲѡ
򵥵ϴ꣬ٶȽͳꡣ
ֵܿԵô죬ҭ
ˣҳˣȥްɣ
ȦӣֱӸɴ˵Լ뷨
ɪо²üë˲һĲ˵λ·࣬еƺ«ˡ
߰
ֵܶ˵ĸ첲ҪҲſԸȥˡ
̩ɽק˰Ҳ˿
ʧȥĵʲô˼
ԣҪٵȼ죿
ǹİɣŭˣڴڣȴҪȣٵȥͿʯˡ
ǵģǡ
ɪǹⲻҼ޶𣿡
û
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ԣǲҪ㸺Һ͸һֱԹ޻ڵ㡣ɪε˵ûҪĲ࣬߾ˡ
ҲһŰֵ񣬳ֹµǱ˵ˡ
ֵֶܶ񣬸оԼŮһ
Ҫľǿ쵶ն飬飬Ǽϣҡ
ǲҪ˵ֻˣⱲ϶ֻпޡҪһֱңҲӦʲôϣϸڣ˷ѵʱ仹࣬ʱְɡԺǶǺѡ
֣͵˲÷ȴҧȻԲ
ëɪԸǰһĵĿŰֵΪʲôҪô϶޲ڵʱ䣬ദòҲǺܺûһһҲܸˣѵǼٵģ
ǼٵģҸһ͸һȫһĸо
أ
ܲڣ˵һֱңҡ
ǲˣԺҪѡԣܹԣ
ɪƶ񼤵ؿޱᷳƣһʱʧأ˵Ҳû˹˼ɣȻعζŷִĵðβҪƴƵĳؿڲͣĴ򣺡쵰ô俨ޣֻˣƾʲô˵ˡ
ɪɤһ˸һۣȻҲ˵ʮѿ
ɪؿʹÿҪըѣΪִ۵ģǱ۵ġ
뵽Ҫ֪࣬ھ͸߳Ҳá
ˣӰ˿īˤȥˤˡȻôֹԸ⣬ҲԸ⡣
ͣҡͷųЦƭңƭңƭңƭƭӡ
ûƭ㣬Ҹ硣
˵𣿡ᣬϣԷϡ

شҰ
ģ
ôãһ仰ظĸоǡĵܷܡ
ᡭܣ


476 ܸ

ȡ˱ͱһȺϮİΣͽңȻǰһڱ׷Ĺȴ¡
ҲҪƭ𣿡ûпޣȴᡣ
һʹǰץס֣ɳƵ˵ûƭ㣬ʵûֻΪѰҿ޵ټŲѵĵôá
ҵ𣿡
ĬĬҿòŵҵ˿׹ĸϸһ飬ʲôҲûпֻһѰ׹ǡ

ԡ
֡
ͬʱһһҵİѰֲڻ
бɬֺͫĿǰĻױȵľҲţҲˡ˵Ҫһӵˣܾô
Կ޵˽⣬һ᲻һ뿪硣
ԣ㲻ţҲҪʵĲˡɪݵļ򣬱밲οɻߣ˽ʵ
û֣û˿ޣ㻹ǡ˵һʱҪðֽעתɪϣûôףܱһֱȥĿǿ
ҲҪֻҪޣ
һЪ˹ĺУǰһڣؾ˹ȥ
ֵܽæɫб䡣
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磬ô죿
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˿ԡ
ΪҲ֪Ҫôźáһĳۣһֱ֪޺Ͱֵĸܺãȴû뵽õֵز
½ܶ뿪Իȥ뿪ԵĴԣȴȻܺúõġΪûһԣǻӵкܶԵİ
Ȼȴƫƫһֻѡһ£ء
ǰ޻ŵʱͶʵ÷ˣȴȻŻҪ˼ʡ
Ϣɡ
̾ϢҪߣɪ૵ĳ˵磬
ҵɵܵܣľʱ㣬»ѹġ
ɪһ٣ʧͷô죿һڶҲġ
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ðɡ
һ˵ɪŷĵĺһȥ
һߣһ߲ĻͷϣԺܰһв鶼ǰ

ޡޡҪߡ
һʹ۾Լʵ硣
ûпޣûѩɽҲûǸ˴Ŀĵĳ
ִԣˣҪˮ𣿡
ߣһĿԱţһ˫۾ɵôģ沼ͬͿɱ
ҧҧ԰׵´ЩĶҡҡͷ
ҪԵ㶫𣿡
ҲƲͷǿ˵
ǡ
˵ʲôȴһʾ˻ȥ
Ҳûϵ·ʪˣΪǰ㻻ɡ
û˵źͷ͵Ĭˣһѡ
ִԣӢҽҲ˵ˣڵѾָúܺãԵȥɹɹ̫
Ҳȥ
ٴξǿľܾԼ̲ס֣޵ʵѹܸһĬĬػģͲҪѹ˺𣿡


477 

˭˵ˣۿûҵʬ壬ƾʲô˵ˣΪʲôҪ˵
һ뻹ľҵ֣˭֪һͱֺݺݾסŵĲӣó棬ַĳ
ȿȡ
ű˵Ľɬ̲סһֱǺȡ
ִԣɿ
ŵò壬æվȥϰֵ֣û뵽һľɵİ֣ڿҲֳʧǵһ档ǵĸ飬ĺܺá
źͷŵӣһֶӣֲĺɿ˶Էɲʱû˹ʣֻصǰһϢ״̬
ڵʮܵŵ˼ںͰֱһȫŷйеĲΪãǺܲǱԻкܶ࣬ΪʲôͲ½һλ㻹ôᣬôûҪΪһ˰ԼŪ
ΪҶģ
ͷЦţְơ
΢΢һ𣬽ֵΣΪôֲ࣬ǵһҲһ
ѵԾͻΪѵǵͲôֵǮ
ţ
˽ŵգĵŵȹӣʾҪ˵ˡ
һһİҲڵһ
ǳȥɣԼš
ƣı۾һûòĶ
֪ҲΪ˰οԼ޷İοʽ޷ܿޱ赭ɨĨȥţһڡ
úϢ
˵꣬žͳȥˡ
ߵڣͱɪֵŰΧ
еı飬ͬʣôˣ
źͷһۣźҡҡͷ
ǺѹһֱԸſˡ
򻰸žæ䣺һᵽ޵ͻǳȰǣԺòҪˡ
°΢ɫмأƺµ˽
ɪĿյǶȰǸô죿
Ψһİ취ֻܾеˡ
ʲô
ϷĻʱ䳤ˣǿޣǴʱıʹ
Ҫã
ǾҪӡж

ϣɪִָȥʳ
֪ܲԣǻǴ˺ܶࡣ
֪޳ºϢ־һֱڴ̱ûιĶҲſڡ
䵭ı飬κﶼ᲻Ȥһ㡣Ҫ֪жȰһС
֣Ե㶫ɣȥܲסġ
ʳȰ˵
ɪսȭͷ޲ͣϵʳﶼ
Ȼ֪Լǲġ
ǣûٶĶǡĬĬɨֵܶһۣȻһӣҨʳﲻͣ͡
Եúܿ죬ҲԵñȽçײû˿ʳı飬ĮȻͬ
ֵܶȻеˡϽʳˣ˵ѾͲֻҪôԺ鶼һõķչ
ҪﻹУ
ˣְһ˹
Ҳû˵ͷ׽ż̫ʲȥ⡣
оʵڳŲˣֹͣ˽ʳĶ춼ûвɻصԭλãһգҲգĿһط˼ʲô̫ա


478 

ֵһ߿ţҲû˵ʲôĬĬغ
ļ죬һ
ɪʲôʳֶһеĽǳԵڼҲۺó񣬷̽ȥ
һʼֵܶ˻еˣľ;ܲԾ
Ϊڵİֳ˳Զ⣬ЦҲ֣˵
磬ɪһ˳ԵģڳԱԺͱŶ˷ȥÿʱǾ֪Ҫ˯ˣԾ뿪
һأǲûߡ
û뿪ĶƺЩ죬תһۣû̫Ĳȴһ˿ɻ
һ̣·Ϊûߣ
ԣϪȿ⣬ϴνǿǸһģһҪȥ𣿡
ɪһСĳѯʣڴ
ȴ۾װûİͷ񵽱
ɪʱҲһΡ
ȥǰ취Ӣض˵ˣë
ԣŵġ
ɪһѽƿСһţᡣ
ܴܵ³ĶŵҪȴѾӴСŲ£˫ûиȫеĻϥǣС¹һܾϳ˷ŭͷ
ıһ£ĵİ֣ʶİ
֪ѹҲܱˡܲܲҪ˵˵𣿡
֣
㲻˵Կޣ֣ҶôԣһԵĺ𣿡
ɪ˵⻰ʱ򣬼ð
ԭֹģϸһ룬ܵ˵Ķʵһɰִ󳳴֣´ñǣ·һſʱʧƵġ
˵˵
Ҳ˵ɪǳסһѽӴŷ֣ؼֱ˷˼ЩôʳҲ֪Եȥˡ
ſң
ڻǿˡ
ϤȻǼżŭ⣬ܹ˷Ĳ١
ſûϵҪӦǣһֱҲһֱ˵
ðǵģҲ񿴷һҡ
һĴɪѣصɵæסƤһǣֻûаȫеţ
ֵܶ˿öЩѹȴʲôʱ㵱һˣ
ǵĵıһǻ³һ¡
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֣һ˯ǵĻ᲻ȫ
ôȫˣⲻĵѵ˻Υң
ǡ
Ҿ˵ɣǾǰҵɷһҲҡ
Ǻãǲ㡣
硭
̧֣ɪĻ˵ҲôӦǣһھڶܵߣһʳϣ㲻
ãҴӦǡ
š
ǳȥɣҪ˯
ֵܶ˲˵ʲôĬĬľ˳ȥˡ
˶ڣɪ΢յ磬ôܴӦҪ󣿡
ɫһ֪󣬶ĵһҪٲöܣ
ðա
ѵ뿴ڸ㣿
ûСҪǻţһȽεĵط֪ͺˡ
ɵܵܣһ֪ô죿ˣڵ˼ΪС

İɣסû˸


479 

ҹ
ĴƲͰصĳУɲʱžҹ
һĨСٻӰŸССĻѣúߵ˶⡣Сһۣ˶Ժĵϵķ뿪
ԴϴξӥԺ󣬺ڱ˾ͰϴĹؿȡˡѾҪǰĹһѹܹȺ仨ˮⴳ롣
Щӣÿ˳Է˯޷Ϊ񣬺̤Ѱҿ֮á
û˶˵ûۼ£ǲŵġ
ֱԼ޾ûһĳط
֮Իɪҹ뿪ǲϷߣԲŹ˻ѡԼӦڶû

˵ڶ죬ɪһ͸ִͣ˶ȴֿյĴһҲûС
ŵˮ˵ϡ
šüͷȥǣһƬ
漴⣬ײͬĿ
Ͻʯ̧ͷ𱸵ĿԼ嶯ܵܣɪ㶼ˣܲܲҪôꣿ
Էֻͣ磬ˡ 
ʲô£
Բˡһ˵һżĴѰƾðֻڸһ㡣
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šҸոսȥҲʲôҲû˯ĵطҲģ֪Ѿȥܾˡ
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ڶУȥĶ
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ֲ˵ڶڣԭΪ뿪ɪʱڲԼô˳Խ˵˲ͬ⣬ɸƫҪӦºˣҪʲô£Ǹô죿
Եָܵܵ𣬵ҲûֻǵôӦ߲ԶһѰϢͷȥ׷
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ֵЭԺ󣬾͸ҵЩͬķȥѰҰֵټ

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488 ʶ

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489 

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490 

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491 

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492 ūʱ

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493 ζŨ

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494 

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496

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¶õԽԽУҲܲôˣֱӴǰƹŴ򿪡
СѾͷӼһݾͱԹ׽ڸѽôôöҿţ
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ֱŤˣ¶櫲˼ĵɴ۾̶תɲУ׽ǴԣУϻأɱ۸Ӵ


503 ñ

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á
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504 װ

һ䣬ĿŴͶϦ⣬ϣһ˿Ψ˫ɫͫȴ˼ࡣ
նԣ˾ЩԶ
ַ㶣ͼԷ춯ͷˣ򳤾û˵øɺԵ촽ˣ
šֵǳǳӦһֵȥԵġ
վϣˣȥɡ
䣬ߵʱʼ
˵ƽ¶һ䷹ɽƲԣټϲǰ³ʶȤˡ
ּˣԼҲģȥ￴ûп԰æĵط
ػһЩ򵥵
꣬ĬĬʰ꣬ڼû׷ʰһĻ
ֱҹϢҲǺܰıɣһһĬĵܡ
˯𣿡
ΪˣƽɣֻſȥıӰ
ûӦֻǼϸ΢ʶ
Բ𡣡
һֱ΢ĵǸļƺøЩȻûжƺŬĿʲô
ԼˣȻĸǸˣȴǲ
ڰЩɥͷתȥʱǱߺȻ˶
ٴ̧ͷʱѾֻ߽
ɫĶ̵ĺϣҪƤ
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㡭ʲô
ֱŵֱ۴ʹҲ
ΪʲôҪǸѵԶֻһˣ
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Ҳ˵ʲôſңۣ
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ҵ⣿ʲô
İּѾٱıԵæСĵңҵֻװҲݲ±ˡ
Ҳţ
䣬ͱ۾ɷ˵ȥǿǰֵ촽
һֻҴææȥ·


505  

˵ЩԿһʼϲ㣬ֻҪ˹ϵԾͻúԷҿҲ˵ģ˲ûи飬ֻǺֲ𽥰
ֹϵǲǻᡭ

ֺţȴֲԷ˫ÿί
ͷĿǻȴߣʹ飬̣ȴѡԵı۾

Űһ˺ѷεļУ΢΢ѡ
ϢŽĴֿȻƼ·ƣ򴦵˿ѪƤǱʲô̻ˣһƬŸⴥĿġ
ֳһṦҪƿص룬ȻȴСȦڲ˵£ԭ
۾ĺ⣬üͷһþ񼴽ٵıѩɫͫʷһŻȼա
㲻˵û𣿡
ҡ
Ϊʲôôصˣ
ֱŵû֪˿̵Ѿûǣ˵ʲôҲȥüһΡ
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ĨһԼĴְ˵Ѵؼϣһ漴ηӭ˫
棬ǱʲôʹɲʱýӲޱȡ
˿Űžգ ؿھһ޻ܡ
顪ȭͷһȭǽϣŵû̲ڣʱںҡ
·ˡ

ңֻҩ
ǡ
Сԥţȴѵôң
ֻ뷴䣬ǿԷ۾ˡ
򴽣ЭİѺóҩϸΪԼͿĨ
һҩȻûٶԼǲһԵ˳ȥֱܾҲûнݡ
˷Ҳ׷ȥڴϵһҹδߣ˵ڶϣ㱼ȴᵽʳζһͷϡ
ӴΪǴ۾ȴһЦ˰ɣ
㡭ô
Ϊһ뿪𣿡

Ҿôԣ
ɫһ֪ģҲǸ˼


506 ָ

һ뿪ǻڿһؼ뿪
һҹ˺ܶ࣬վһϲǿġڿʱۣԼлʱʹ࣬Ǽֱˡ
ϲ֣ͬҲϣϲԼԼ˵һ޴Լյĳ嶯֮٣Ȼ̫Զ
ҡ
˵ˣӽԺҲٶκ㲻Ը顣
۾˵ޱ࣬ڶһ㡣
ӦΪ˶˲ǣȴĸе飬ĵͷҧҧ촽˵Щֻһ㣬ûб˼Բ𡣡
Ĳ֪֪ˣôҲôӦͲôʹ;ˡ
תһ룬ҪûԼô˳ִ˵أôܼأ
˵ûжԲң˵ԲҸö˵ǡҪ߶ҲΪҶΣգûΣգ޾ͲѾǧұڵ£ʧȥ䡣ԣһеĸԴ͵ģҳܵһУҲ˸ҵĳͷɡﷺſɬһԳ˵š
ô飬˵˭˭ѾûˡҴûйֹ㣬ǿõֵܣҲõѣϣǻܺʹǰһ
תȥֻȻĿһԶն˶ٵԷɣٲܾˡ
Ŷ𴲡
ֲԸ⣬ǴҴææĴӴŤͷԼͺͺİϣ˺Ƶ顣
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εľǿһУҲЩ˫ܵĹϵ
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507 ս

޵ǿ׳ūһ޽ɣõ³ѨΪͷͷȻǾľڴһСһ棬Ҳ빼ɣΡ
ֺ¶վڲԶһʯͷ棬Ըոճ¯ĳæòɿҲûйȥţǾ
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ʱҪͲ˵ģпܻᱻҧƺƶƤʱжķա


508 й

˱޵ǿЩӡ
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509 ɹ

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510 

ڸɻ޵﷢֣һ̧ͷüڶԼĽĿ
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511

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ΪԼԼ˭֪ȴɶҲû˵ǵԱժһϸּǩӣĭϵˮһһơ
˻~~~
һĶæһҲ˼ֽŵʣۣ
ֱůĵľٶŪĻϲæҡͷϡ


512 Ĳ

ССģȴôǿ޵̾һ۾ͺֲЦ㡣
Ĳۡ
ĻӦܱǻصˣٶĿҲۡ
ҡ
ҪȥĶ
ѵһ̵ۺܰתҪߣֲЩûʧ
޵תһ˿θػȥȡ˸ࡣ
ˣ¶ϴθҵҩһû꣬ȥҿԼĨ㡣
ȥɡ
Ŷ
ʧˣΪԼ˵Ļ޵¾Ϳ˭֪ȴȴǸߡ
ȥ˿ڶ񻯡
˵գʶľں˳ͷӣԼҲ֪
ֱС̧ͷʮֲ˼𾪵ŻȻĲʲô
˼ӣ񴥵İ˻ȥ
յĴЩִٵЦЦͷЩˣһ¡
𣿣
æԼͷǵԼŵʱˮչúܶׯųţôôһʱأ
ѵǷ紵ģûз硣
ȥ·ϣŽ޵µദģʽص˺ܾǰ￪ģҲûĥԼͷҵ⡣
޵£ûôùɻʱһֱ
׽ԼΪʲôôȻȻȥǸСԵͷͷ˳룬ֵһɲǣԼҲƲסľΥͳ嶯ͷ·𡭡һ־ö֮ϰߡʧϰߡͺñӡӡ˵Ժ
ѵԼ
顪
һľӸߴˤ䣬ڵ˲γ˺üΡ
һūۼֿ죬ٶľҪԴϡ
Բû°ɣ
޵ŷԼʧ֣Żᵼ¹ʷľһصȥ쿴˵
ǸЦЦ˻ֵû£ÿ졣
ūҲ׷׾۹鿴
޵ôˣȥĲɵİ
ǰҪҪϢһ£
ǸСԺһϽ޵±Ŵγѣֲ֪ôȥ˵
ΪⷢҲֻܽ¹ʹȰ
û£ɡ
޵һִŵӣЩģͷҲ˵ʲôֻķɢ̫


513

ҹɫ٣һ켴ȥ
æµյūǣҲ׷չؼҡ
·ϣȺľһģ˵ôɿڣһ˵ôúȣֱ˻ζ
ڴﶼǸСΪǴôóԺúȵĶ˱֮⣬ԭΪ޵¡
⻰ڲ֪оͳ޵ϡ
˼ףǿǸ޵µļһһ˿Կľͷֱǵĺü
ңǵȻΪ߹ʨޣŸ߹Ѫͳ޿ƥеս
˱ʨһֱͳôЩһΪūأ
˼ףΪһǰСĴµ䣬ˤɣΪ˱ɣԲΪūġ
ңô˵ΪΪ벻ɱȻɣˣպʧȥ˼ű
˱ɣôҲᱻ
ң˵׼أֲǲ֪ϲɵĴԶȥҴһһԣôҲ޼¡
˱꣬⻰ɲ˵
˼׸͵ǰ˵Ϊ޵˿Ż
ΪԼ˵ż˭˵ˣҲ룬˭ö˶˵ܵīɽʺĵطȥҲ˵ĵжΣգĴĹ޾͹ŷɥˡҪȥ𣿡
ͬʱĬҲ˵úе
˼ףˣôⶼǱ˵˽£ǾͲҪˡʵҾ޵Ϊ˻
ңû˵ãҸո˵ЩҲпġ 
˱Ҳǵ;˵˭֪Ǽ١
ң޷粻ˣҿ˳ӡ
˱ɣСı޵û㣬ҪĲӣǾ͸šһֻһס
ѵļһžúµӣæһۣûз޵µټ΢΢˿
ⲻ֪޵²ǲڡһֱ棬պֱǰ߲ĵӰסӰһֱĬĲһԣɸոǼһĻȴһֲ©˶
𣿱޷ܶѡԾ


514 

ڶ磬ִ˳Եĸȵȥ޵¡
ĿĵԺԼʳֲˡ
ΪĪֶ˺öūһʳֻ˳Եķ
ˣǴ󷽴󷽵øȥʳ
޵£ôԣ̫𣿰ȻЩ𣬵Ҳʵûа취֪ɻūô࣬¶˹ģΪʲôҲûǰ֪ͨһ
Ҳ
޵ԱһʯͷϢģһµӡ
㲻ҲԵɣһỹҪɻءǸġ
˵꣬ͰԼ˽صļ˳֪޵³Էûб˻Żۡ
޵¿˿ֹһ޹ЭĽӹ
Ƶҧһڣȴʼղ
ֿӣôˣȴϸԼҲǰʡת˸ɻôôࣿ
Ҳ֪
ѵ˭ָ
ǶԸġ
Ը
ãȻĶЩ˿һᣬ㿪ĵЦЦ˰޵¸ɻ⵱ȻǺ¡
֪ǣЩ˶ǳġ
Ϊǰ죬Ҳ֪˭ÿʳϢ˳ȥ
Щū˵ÿɻԺƯСܵĽӴһܳԵĶʳЩݵµĵū˵ֱĪҸ
ܶūһʱԼڵԺ󣬶ܵ޵¡
һΪ˽ĿСԣҲΪ˴˵еĶζ
棬ûʧСԲʳҲǳóԡ
޵˵ŻҲ֪ģȺǱߺȻͷ
żǰ˿Ǳ߶ȺΧˣԼҲת޵µʲôˣ
޵ΪͷȻҪ洦£һҹȥ
к棬ҲûиȥϾǱ߾ۼĶһװ˼ϵĸ׳󺺣ԼСþ͸һһʵȥϡ
ֻû뵽ǣ޵ǹȥȰܵģôȰȰ˴ˡȻûʲôˣȴ·ԷˡŵøϽ˹ȥͣ޵¡
޵СԵĺһɿ˵Ĳӣ˱˳ף˽סĶԼɴȴǸŭԡ


515 ϵ

ʲôˣ
ʣûеõ𡣷ڳ˶һֵֹֹ
ְѵǷìΪԼ
ԽԽԵİֲ׷޵ʲôҲû˵Ǹǰ֪
ԭոոطִΪǷһԱʱԷ˰֡
˵޵ݱ΢ūҲᱻԹ˵ǸһɧҪԵǵؾ˼øֵסϺȥΪį
ദΪֲǵ˵ִԡǾȰ˵زҪ쿪ҲҪ˼
ȴΪ˽ģԼҹȥôԼҵţ̲ס䳰ȷôΪˬ˱㳳ʱ޵ˣľԺ޵¾̲סԵض֡
ߣǲңû˵ΪҲ֪û˵˭˯һγֲߣܵڣ
ָһ°ֱ֣ۣЩ˶ƿˣһһ㳡ӣɱ޵ѹģǰһԵЩС
޵ЩҪһһѵ;ȴָסˡ
վм䣬ȻССüĿȴ˲ɺӡ
ǣȱԵ飬˭ԣҰǸˡУǶΪһΪ˹޵£ʵⲻǹ׷󡣹һĿģ׷ء˵ִһһĨĿֵصʵҸûҪ֫ͷԼ򵥵˽ЩΪѹͲ
ȸһĴԣܻϲݵһū˵ʲô׷㲻ƭ˵İɣĿľΪŪ޵¡۾߱˱ãǲͣɿ
ʱ޵µɫԽѿﵽĿİЦ
ҲɥΪԼʱݶе߷ѵ
ֿ˴˵źۼ˵ūôˣҲȨҲа˵Ȩңϲһǲںκݡ˵ҲȸһԱҲû԰
ضȻƿԣոЩΪԼݸеԱˣҲ׷ͷͦصĳͶȥ͵
ûпԾǺͱ˲ͬѺãӲΪݶǣһֱǰԼǷͬһˮƽϡ


516 ׷

˭֪˵ǲģ˵Ļ˭أ
رͣһǷĻЩΧ£ߵ˽Աŭ⣬׷Ȱ˵ֲҪٴ
ΪӴ˿̵ǵ쵰
ҰָҵģҸո˵ЩаǼ٣Ըⲻú
һȻĿŶԷ𾴵ԶȻڳ˵飬Ҷû뵽棬ԼģǶص԰

־һͱ޵²֪ɵĸקȺ
޵ֲĴҴңȶĵЩϣԷɫãҲ˵ʲô
һںͣһ˵ݵԡ
תɿ֣ɫ̫ͫ£ǹԾʣոΪʲôҪ˵Щ
ֶ˫ÿ˵ӣɲʧʲô
޵ʱԺ޹ӣҲˣֻܵһ䣺ΪʲôҪԼģҪ֪ⲻǿЦġ
԰ûпЦҲġ
գһĨǳЦһֻ֪ǰ·ΣյС¹ɣۡ
㡭
޵£ӽҾҪʽ׷㡣񵱳׷һöôƤķܻбԼ򶯵һ졣
ΪԼĸˣ޵¾ٲжҲЩʾ˭֪ȴŵĺһšŵüͷһĶŰֿ
ôˣԼĻŵˣϾ磬дԱףڴ֮ͥ˵޵»᲻ֺ֣ȻЩԼĳ嶯תһ룬鲻˳嶯ȥTMֻ֣Ҫٴεõ޵µģʲôиƨá
Ϊʲôң޵µͷͳʣЩΡ
Ϊʲô㣿һֱҪҵ˰
һҲأ
ֱķһ£漴ҿЦЦ˵ôܲǣǾǣ
϶ŪﷴܸӵתȥʱȴС͵С
㡭㡭ˣ
޵˳߿һԼļ࣬ñץˣȻ¶һβһİ̺ۡ
ĿһƳǲ˵ûУǺǰµġ
ǰּǵÿߵʱϲû̺ۣѵǡ


517 

ѿɣ޵ԳһЦ촽΢΢
˵ûУȴ޵¼ûϵϻкܶࡣ
ֵܶࣿĺݺһ޵˵ϻкܶ˰̣ʱʹԺҲ֪Ӱīɽ˵жأô̺
㲻Ҫҡһͬ飬һ顣޵²ڵԼıӣǸʲôνˣʱȴ˵Ŀ
û㣬ֻǡֻۡû˵ڣΪ޵ɻ⡣ź촽˼ֶ֣˰ʣ𣿡
ô᣿û֪ˡʼ磬ԵúЦĹ𴽡
ǵʱһۡ˵̲סһ㾧Ө
֪
˵֪һǼٵģֻǲԸ˵ʵѡ
Լ̸ָݶ۵ҪǱˡ
ҧ´Ųɻûסֲ˲ȴ޵ùŹֵʣΪôޣ
ǿջЦҧ´Ĩһ·۾С־ǿû£۾ɳˡ
޵ԸǿˣһԸ˵Ϊ˵¡
ˣѽ˵Ļȥɡ
תĿСС۾죬̲סȥͷǺֽܿơ
صĻҲϣΪֻһ޹ؽҪСѡھˣҾһ䡣
ʲô
ĴһӶɣūûԺҪô
޵Լһʵҡҡͷ
ֲżǰץס֣ͼ뻽㲻̫ãҲһӸ˵ū
Ϊʲô
޵¿İֺȻЩŭ񶸵һƬãȻ
Ϊ縺̫ΣŲֻΪԼġˣӣ£Щûü˵ڣͱһŮϡ
޵£
Ů˵߸ҴŰ⣬һ֪Ǳԡ
޵ºͰͬʱԶȥͼһݾ£ȹĳŮӡŮ˵Ķ޵£ɨʱһɲľ㵺ͽ䱸
ɣ
޵仰ͺԥĳŮ˹ȥ


518 

ɣȮһ޵£һĨЦòʱ򡣡
޵µȻͣûУҪȥ
ûв´ĻǸаֵԡ
š
ȻƯɣƿƷ˵仰ӿ⳯޵¿绨㽿޵ĺ촽Ķϵúøɣ˵εҪɵƯһ͡
޵ĵԸеձ³ĵϢ̵ЩȡûʲôҪȴʶĳֵķƳ˹ȥ
ֻСԿȥǳĲˣóģ˺ͷŭֻСȭͷţҲ֪ɣܻԼ
ҲֺֻΪ⣬δ޸κһŮô׽¶Էڱ޵£Ҳʧ˼䣬Ȼܲ
ɣĴԣȥޱԸģ˫ϸ۲Եãڿ޵µʱȫһڱصõӣʵᡣ
תһ룬޵ȵģҪûԼҲûа취ޣʱҲȻˡ
޵£һȥˣҽ˵Ļ
ȻڲܹĽ޵¶Ҳ￴ɣĴ̼۲Ĳתˡ
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ʲôģΪʲôСѹ뿪Ļ᲻ܿƵôأ
ȥ·ϣ¶櫡
¶һ۾Ƴ˰ֲˣʣ׽ô˰ǲ޵Ǳ߳ʲô£
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ҡҡͷü̧ͷһգ̶̾˿ûС
Ϊ޵£Ϊʲô
룬Ȼü¶櫣Һˡ
У¶櫾һɣ˵Ҫ޵£
š
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æڰֵòãɣ޵µľˡ
ʲô˵ҹùϲ޵£
ǡֹⲻҰٷ֮ٵȷɣ޵µȷоǲ
¶գͷҡø˹һ˵ܣ׽һˡҹùô߹ôϲ޵£


519 ϲ

Ϊʲôܣ
Ϊ޵ֻǸūɫһ¶ָĿڵ׽㣬ҵûƲ޵µ˼ֻǾãҹùĴԣôῴԼأ
Ҳ˰ɡ¶櫼Ȼ˿϶Ҳټе뷨ֻĬĬһеԸǴ
ӣΪ˲˵л־ͼȥ޵µĴ
ǰһһΣڻһΡ
ڼ䣬޵ı
ǰ޵־ʱٻ˵仰أ˵ˣŴҵ棬Ҳ߿һۡ
Įӣֱİ˻Ҫİˡ
ܣҲ֪˭˵һƲֵĻصֵʱ򣬶ֲһ뵽Զıѹѿأʱ̲סڱίĿ
ܵ鿴
Ŵ¡һȱϢϽͽ˿
ϵİֿ޵۽˫ͨþһֻӣͷϣʮִ
һֱиԼҪٶκβеɿһĻĻ̲סĺݺݾʹ
ôˣ
Աߣָ˸ϵҷﲼ
ֳҭҡͷȴԸ˵ࡣ
ǲǱ۸ˣһ˿ŭʣѹǱȱ˴һٻܡ
û۸ҡ
ǿҧŴشȴֲĴչ¡
ĴָĨ۽ǵһĨỨƬ̵Ǿ޵ǵ㲻ˣ
һæҡͷϡ
ȻⲢƭΪָովǴ޵ڵĵطûбˡ
ȥģ
ͻȻҪߣʶҵĽס
عͷЭεģҲȥܣֻ׶˵ʲôôѹ
ȥʲôҲû˵ѹֻΪԼ
ԼѹҲҪ̻𣿡Ļ𽥱ʧ䡣
Ҳֻ̻Ǿãܲϲˡ
ʹԭӣһ¾Ļǿգɲʱʧɫ
ԲŵΪʲôΪǿޣĴԲǵˣĲǡǡ


520 

ʲô̧ͷۺӨĿ
һĿޡ
ܣô᲻ǿޣǿޡ
Ȼñźæ֣㲻Ҫֻǲ²ѡҺܶ飬Ҳûôԡ
ǿޣΪʲôܸ޳һģһΪʲôҲ⸽Ҵ𰸡
֡ҡðɣֻһ󵨵ļ衣㲻طϡ˵ԵĵͷΪԼĳЩ˽뷨е
׽㣬ˡ¶櫽䲻Ĵ˶˵̸
Ӵһͬȥ
ʲôˣ
ݵĵˡҴСŮǰͷʪˡ
ȻĿһʵ˭
¶ƯСһŵİڰ˵˭ҪҪĵ

ǰҪĵȻ죬ĵȻʧȥӰ
ʲôϵ𣿡ֲúЦ˵ȸ˲͵ɣϾǶߣһ˶ʧƷһɵǱżࡣ
ǣ޵¡
޵£ֵ˲ɫޱĿ¶ʣʲôϵ
ϣݷԼĵԺ󣬷ǳżĴѰҡһҹ޵µס˵ǡ
Ȼأ
ڷǳ˵޵ɱĺӣҪ˫Ϊۡ
ʲôģȥ
ɫˢıףΪ֪ūݷǳͼ΢飬ͻܵʮĳͷ
Ǹа㷴ͻ⵽ȫ幥뿳޵µ֣޵³Ǳ
ūǱߡ𼱣Ѿ֪ͨҹùɣˣӦûֹݡ
Ͼ޵µɣҪ޵¶֣ӦҲʾһɣл̵˼ܻóͷһ㡣
̬ʲôû˵Ҳһȥˡ
ֺ¶ͣĸϵʱΧ˺ööˣȥִݵĵ⣬һЩֲ´ļһ
ݣ㲻ҪôΪ޵ǲܸ¡
ǶĴҵˣʲôõɶṵ̄ϲ磬͵ʳȸ֮ѡҵĺӾǱԵġ


521 Ҫ

õġ޵¶˵ΪūۻشǶôĳϿֿȺݸ߹ĿȸǰҲԵùڲ԰
ݱ׵ֳָָһ㣺Ʊ磬͵ҵĵΪʲô㴲»еǣ
Ҳ֪
ǾͱװˣɱҵĺӣҪ㸶ۡݻ䣬ͷŭɣһۣҲıԼһ˵
ܹ˵޵ɣ˽ū飬ɣΪˣҪ̬ȡ
ɣ˿޵£̹Ȼ޹һ˫ɫֱǰûһ˿ίη塣ĵɣǲ޵»飬ǡǲеġ֤Ѿҵ̻Ҳûá
ңҲ֮ˣḧԼѾ߸͹ĶƤڶݣʧȥӵʹȫᡣ˵Լ˵͵ĵͲǿԷôˣҪġ
޵£㻹ʲô˵𣿡ɣĵĿһۣ޵£ݺ˸ѹӲͷƤôһ䡣
޵̧̧°ͣЩԳﴽǿįҲ𣿡
ɣעӵЩңæҲǲ㣬ǵΪʲôĴף
һֻͣҪĽܺϸһΪ˵ġ
Ȼ޵ȴҪ֪࣬ᱻʣ
ǳඣ
ԽԽʱˡ
޵ûлشĻһ䡪һ£ֱȼߵ㡣
˰عصūȥ˫֣Ժ󻹸Ҳȥ͵˵ĵ
ݵĸǿ׳ԣһ䱸ǰѺ޵£޵ȴûзֻĮȻĿһС
ס֣
ȺȻһŭִ
ķԴ˹ȥͿ˸Ӱһصİ֡
Ҷ֪ԣȻӲߣҲСȴǷǳƯһͨ壬ȴȸĴ˵ǼΪϡĴڡ
Ϊ˭ѽһޣʲôʸ飿ʧȥ˺ӵݱٶ԰˵һЩĻǵվŵ¶櫹ʱסˡԲδŮǲҲġ


522 

ûԤʲôֻǾǲԩˡ
ֶ˵ѹߵȺУܿӭ޵εĿ⡣
·ңȴĵ˵ͷʾԼȫΡ
ݵһվֵָ֤ȷ䣬ɲԩ
еĿǼһһۣЩ³çһðڲӣעݵϣֻ޵µĴҵǾͽ֤ݣôҲ̫׺Ū˰ɡǵҸոҲˣһĵǣӦȱ˺ܴһ顣
ߣʲôϵأ˭֪һ뵰ǲصݲŭЦʣʹǺÿٶÿ̱˼֡
ȻǶڴ£ΪҪһ鵥صһߣ
ֵķݵһ㶣ﶼеɻʱȴĿ¶޵µС͵ǰǸЩ
޵·ȴ޵£Ҫ͵ʳ񵰣Է˷֣ҶȻὫǾۼһطǷɢ䣬Ǹ˷֣ңҾٴҲ֪֤ݣѵڴ£ǵץ𣿡
Ϊ˵ѣݲ˵ʼսɵĿ궢޵ϡͬʱ԰ֵ̬Ҳö
ȴΪûѣֻҳĻסҿҲĺòװɡ
ǳ˭
ֺȻһЦĿ΢΢ɨڳһ۵ڳ˭п֣⵱Ȼһһ𡣡
ߣֱ˵ŪٵġݵѾȲͷˣͺҪ޵±ʱݵȴһȥΪ˿Ҳо񲢲Ǳô򵥡
Ȼе֤ݶָ޵£ΪԵĵУһеһУƺ̫ЩΪ˸Լҵ֣Ҫֵ
޵¼ҵǣɹȻܴ󣬿˭ҷֵǵأ
ң
ȸԾǳ˧վһ߷ơ߱Ũü࿴۾뷸ա
ưĹؼʱ̣Ȼֶ̲סҪա
˭
һüӦء
ŶҲ֮һ
Է赭ɨһ仰Ǽôܣ
˵޵µķ﷢˵ǣ֪ǲ͵͵İѵǴķ䣬޻
ݵĵΰ£ݵĵҲҵĺӣһɱҵĺӣ
Ѹ࣬ԼʧתƵһϵôʲôʱ޵¼еǵģ
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֪һ޵¾ͻ뿪ūݣҪΪɣ̳Ѩڼ䣬Ҫѵ͵͵صĴǼǳ׵顣
ݵԵֻһ֮ʡ
ûȷҵһ֮ʣǾҪȷе֤ҳҪһʱ䡣
ǹӣ
Ϊ˸ıܺһࡣ
һгģԭٷʲôȴĿǰҲ׸ô죿
ҲҸԸ޵һܷ
֣㡭һֱδԵڿˣԾ㵵ĶȴΪĳԼҡҡͷ
޵Ҳǣϵ㵺ͳԾκ˲
ã˵ģһʱ䣬ҪҲףͺǸɱҺӵһ𿳶˫֡


523 

ݵһ˵Ҳûз˵棬ʱĹ޵¡
ɵ޵ߵֵĸǰĿɻΪʲôҪô
Ҳܿ㱻ԩ
ĻӦŶԷۺί·Լԩ˻Ҫܡ
ⲻ¡
޵Ļشó˶еŭ
ȻֻԼףȻ޻϶Ͳô׵ҳҪǰץ̵֣ôͻٸԼһĳͷ
޵£׽ôΪ㣬ô˵Ļ
¶櫸վָ޵µĲǣͱӭǰϣû£òùҶѾˣ˵ҲûãҪľǰҳ
ż֣Ǹȥң
б̲ת޲Ķ˵Ȼ޵µļҵģھȥѰҾͲţԷһ˿
䣬ֿһڷе޵£֪ʲôǳüͷЦĳֵİɣһϴɵģҪҡ
ԴĿвһ
ոձʱԥվ˵ԩģϧյҪࡣ˿̣ʲôأ
㡣
ֳֶ֣ʱȻЦˡģ·ȺޱȵĬ
ɣḧԼСʱһһɲǣֻԼƺʲôٿ޵£װȴǸЦԡ

Ϊ˲࣬ѸٵĻص޵סūݡּ򵥵Ĵһڣֿʼ޵ѯ
޵˵һ뿪ԼסŴҲڵúܺãҲûбʲôƻҲ˵ݺʱûͨŽ
ȻɻˣһҲٻĵš
ǡ޵µļҳţûƫţûкšǴŽôָôأ
֣ϸˣſڵĽӡȷֻ޵£ûˡ
Լող̽һһϣ˵ޱȼ򵥶Ҫ
¶̽ͷѵ޵£
䲻ȴվԺ޵ˣֻһͷ߿һۣеԹת˲š


524 ҵ

û˵Ľӡʲôֻ˵ԷԺǿû°ѱ
С¶櫵ͷ絷Ҳԣȥ߰㿴
ֲźۼߵ棬˿ɫɥ޵ʣôˣ
޵תĳҡҡͷԷܽƻûʲôϢ
ıӶ᲻˵б
ۼü֣޵²̾һ㲻òͽġ
ѾһϵѽȽ޵µĳΣȴԵޱɺƤ˵ʱԷգգ۾
޵±ÿЦõ˶ָңΪʲôֲң
ɣոնԥˣΪʲôȴԥľվ绤ϧԼΣա
һ㣬޵Ǵĵ׸жԭ˺Σָо֮ԩ˿Ҳˡ
һŬŬ죬гһߵΪ˵˰㲻͵ˡ
㲻˵ѣ
ᣬͲ˵ѡ

ôˣ
û¡
ѰζİߴǿŲֿɵЦж𣿲ҰҳжҲ٣
޵һһϣԭ˵ʲôȴֵˣҰҪĵطˡ
ʲô
Ĵ¡
ǿ֤ݵҪôܴأ
ΪѰԼֺ޵ˣʼ˵̺ʽѰ˸ϧ굽޵µĴȥ
ȥʱŻͷĴСĿռ
׽㣬࣬ôôãҪ˵ҶΪ˯޵µĴˡ
ôܣֻΪ˲ѡ
ǵطʲô
һҵˡ
һ˵һ̯ԼģǼմһʱûüȴֻͬĴһͬԼ˹
ڴ˲䣬ָε˻ȥӦ޵żΪڵ
ΪҵģһʱҲùֵܶı飬ֻſЦǿʲô
ʲô¶櫴չͷȥڰСɵȻһֻгָ׸ǴСҵǳɫƬ
ƬĶ˻һ˿ɺԵĺ죬ȻԭƤúúõģһСľʲôϰӲġ


525 ڰ

ۼסԥľ˵˿ڣΪǰסɭۼ׵ĶҲ٣һ۾ܱϡ
˭ģ¶۾ʡ
£
ŰַӣС¶СԹתľѵҪ޵ģ
ǾҪ޵¼⼸ûбϳЩˡ
޵ѸٵҡͷʾƽһסǱȽϹƧٻ˹ţҲվ⺰ƬϷǳʵĵطʲôǲܻļ
Ͷˣȫȫȷµġ
ڱūȺֻмֻ޺ϻ᳤ۼףҪڶǽй𣿡¶ĹȨȻСѾ׵мУͲھͰֺ޵µץסס
ȴҡͷƬۼ׵״ɫӦ޺ûйϵ
޵ɫ޳ɵĺͶԷһû޵ƬôӲ޵ıᱡɫ
¶櫼ò׷ֵֿûˣЩյޣҲޣǻʲôϻƬǲΪǺΪɣûˮޡ
¶櫹һˡ޵˵ĿһȻѾȻġ
С¶櫵˭أ
õڰ͡
˵ֻɽף
޵µͷǿ϶
ô¶櫳ԾŸãҼ޵ӣϵۼ׶ܴ飬Щ
ǾҪۼϵλˣؿڸȻǲƥ䣬ӣǾͺ˵塣
޵µһͣ¶Ҳԥܿ˾ðɣھ˰ڰҹ
˵ͷʾͬ⡣
ڰҲסڲԶū˵ԸΪūģΪĹЩΣ⵽ͬųⲻ˵ͬȡ˷ܺʸ޷ٴȥ͵Ϊ˱˵ū
һʼС¶櫣ڰΪʲô£ĻĪмȸԾֱ޵»ɫһ¾ͱüΪ㲻Ȼ
ϬĹ۲ŶԷ֪ºĳַӦĳЩۡ


526 ֤

ڰ˺ͱС¶櫲ͣʣǼһ˵ͷҿǣС¶櫵⵹ǶԴ
ּʣҲʲʲô֤ݵġ˼ȻҪ޵£ôܻʵʵĽһУ
ߵ¶櫵ĸǰֱƶ˵Ŀڰ͵۾ϵԷʱ䣬֪ȥ
ڰ̧ͷǰСССϣȴ׳ԸɵĻҡ֨һ²ŵҲûȥ͸ҵĻ̸ġŵĻھͺ֤˵꣬ڰ;ӳΧ˼Ǹص˾ʹǰСʯ
ţûڰͽһ춼һҿ֤
֤ˣ¶櫶ʱЩΪѵĿ֡
Ȼȴ䲻Ц̲ʣȻһ춼شΪʲôǰ֤ոҿʲôû˵ȴô֤ѵΪĿ
ڰɫһףɲʱ˼ĵɴ۾ŰֵҲý䱸Сġ
ֲɫڰͣǳЦתأ鼫Ϊĳѯʣȷһֱڰʹһ𣿡
ȷ۶գľҧˡ
𼱣ҾӦϸ롣Ҫ֪ȸ巢һرӵ飬ǾݴԵĺӱ˺ˣѰ֣ڰ;ǿ֮һΪΨһ֤ˣ˵α֤Ƿǳصġ
˵⻰ʱƲŲæؼʱ̣񣬶ʮѹ;ԣ˵ӾﾯС͵ӡ
ڰͽŵע£Ȼرԥһ¡
ֳû׷ʣ㣬һ綼һ𣿡
뻹ʵĵ˵ͷǵġ
Ҷ˷ģ
Ҹҡ
ʲô
غȻεĳڰͿһۣ԰ֺ˵ı˼Ƭ̲ŵҽǸڰһֱһ𣬿;ΪӲ뿪һʱ䡣ʱҲ֪ȥĶ
뿪˶ã
Űʱ
ֿ˿ԶСһۣζЦЦ㹻ˡ
㹻ʲô
㹻߼޻
ֿµڰͶʱ߳ŭĳʲô˼
δܳ׿־ͱ޵һһֵֻĸ˰С


527 Ļָʹ

Ҫʲô𣿡Сڰצһڿлţȫû˸ոյơ
ͲҪУֻҪ˵㲱Ӻôľˡ
ˣ
ڰһͣæԼĺ󾱣ŷ֣Լ粻СĻ˿Ѿ֮£εı¶ǰ
ޱȵҪʱȴ޵¸ݺݵ˵ϡһһţװ޹ĻصԼСĻģʲôϵ
ܸΪʲôۼΪʲô޵µķƿģոҵ֤˳
ҡҡҲ֪
ڰͿһ۾ͻæͷԼ˫ϥͼʹɻ졣
㻹Ҫ˵ΪʲôҪкݵĵȻݺ޵£
԰ֵıʣڰȴҧϵĻӦ˵ʲô
СӾȻװɵȥȭͷҪˡڰҲǸƻģȭͷû䵽Ͼ۴УŪΧ˶Ϊбƹһ㡣
ֹ³çΪΪ֤ȷǸҪֶַΡͷĵС¶櫶˵˼䣬С¶ĵͷ
Сߵڰ͵ǰɫһ䲻ȴȻδŮ֮
ڰͣȻ˵Լ֣ڸҵڻֻǲܿ˿ںƬۼǷǺϡ
ҡĲԡ
¶ٴʩѹļ֤֣һɱ㡣Ϊ㲻ŪݵĵƭҡҿδŮûūŮǰѡ
ڰգ
ôҲû뵽žŮһСԣ˵ݾĻͶµһ򣬴ĺ
Ϊȷ͵͵޵£޵²ڵʱûΣЩĵĵĵҵĴסΪ뿪ʱڻæڱ˹˺󾱵һƤʱΪֻһСˣȻȥʱŷһۼףҪһصʱѾˡ
˵ΪʲôҪкڷĵ̣ջҪԩ޵£ô
ûС
ҪƱ磿
ûк˭õʱѾֻʣˡҲҪԩ޵£Ǳָʹġ
С¶˲ŵߣҲŲţ˭ָʹ
ǡǡɣİ¡㡣


528 

Ҳ˵ˣ޵»޷ΪʲôҪԼɵ㡱ʱ˲ҲȻ
˺֮ģѲһһϦϴÿˮǰһȺūͷϵĵأҲǷڰָʹ
ҵףܿҲʹݺɣĶ
ץ˷㣬ڰ͵ָϣƱ硣
ݴŭͣ߶ԷΪʲôҪô
ʾԼ޵£ֻΪ˳
յҪһūǼΪ׵飬ΪʲôҪĺΪ
ȴʾֻʧȥһѣᣬöĵʲôʱ̶ԡ
ݶʱԶԣϾɣиһȣİһ飬Ҳô
˶Ϊ˻µķ㼴ңʱɣȴҪԼİ¹ϵͬʱҪ뱾塣
ɲʱ˶ɣҵԾ㵲ѣΨе˷ЦǱū˲ͬѰĸ飬ΪȻҪҡ
˵գԹĿһ޵£˼ʺͷ
ɣΪעһеһвκˣԼܡǧ򲻸ŪݵĵҲһΪĸ׵ˣ˭Ҫʧȥӣһɱ
˵һ䣬ɣеͺⶼڳΪ֮һһ٣ת˲ʶʲôæģɣٸԼһλᡣ
ɣȻ˵һˡɲʱʧȥޣĴ˵ϣûãͱֳ
һڰͣҲȥһֻ첲Ϊۡ
ףⳡı㻮˾š
Ļϲĳ޵¿˹ȥΪεʤҪϵȲʵʱȴɣḧŸߵǰ
ӳ޵µͲ⣬һŮעԼһ롣
޵£лҪ˵
޵µͷӦһ׷ĽŲȥ
ȻĶԶȥıӰˮһһĵȥ
ļͷοḧţȴôҲĵʧȻ

Զĵطɣͣһʯױϣ˵ߵЩת
޵£ʵһֱġ
޵Ƭ̲ŸмĿ˶Էһۡ
ûܼʱץסף𣿡
޵ҡҡͷⶼǷһ˵Ϊްϵ
ɣ봽ǹһĨ޵ЦǰҲΪ˸˴ۡ
ˣ
ʲô
ϵȸһ塣ǽ·
ɣȻζЦȻᣬΪֻ֪һˡ
޵ãȻʲô˼
ɣǰһˮ𣬱ƻ˿ѵ㲻

ܵһУΪΪ˰㡣
Ҳס
һвΪйأɣ˼ܵķɣֲ
ɣĵգգۣЦ˵׵ġ
ʲôЩܵİ¡
ɣмôܵİ¿Ժܶ࣬ȴ֮١

޵£Ʒòһǳԡ㵱һū̫ϧˡ
ҵȵģԸһֱЧ㡣
ֻЧң

һľȻ޵£ЦŰȥ߽ˣ̫ţֲ㡣


529 Ʒ

ҹĻ٣޵Ͱ־סǻá
ĿǰɹϵŮʱɫ΢΢ıò̫ڡ
뵽ʱںӱ߼棬Ǳϴ
۱磬Ϊϴ£һΪѵõ¡ˣһںѶԵĸһӦ顣
ʱ̲ס룬ÿô޷˵ĶԼãҲΪ
֮ʣϴȻĻع
㻹ʲô
޵¿һֳۣ
Щ͵ķʵʲôüģ
ϧһеİңҺܸм
޵»䣬ͼ֮ԱǵĳЦȥˣ

㻹֪һеİϴɣҵ֡ոնʲôǸһ仰͸ˣй˼ֵĸܣ˵ŭ죬Ϊ˭ûпеʧ;ɥҲûܸܵѹΡҲˣ ޵أ˰һҲɵġ
Բҡ
˵ԲʲôѾϢˣ߰ɡ
ĽԷܾˡ
޵¶ĪԣԼΪĻмƲסı꣬Ҳθ˼ֵҾͼһ棬µһлҲá
޶ԵĻӦڲ㡣䣬͵ǰһø첲ǰһô㻹ҪӲȥ𣿡
˵ֻҵл⣬˵һߡ
⻰˵ãһ˵Ļ磬½󣬿ŭ˼˻Ϊ˭浱㲻𣿡
ҴûΪ޵²źۼƿԷ֣ðԼˣϻࡣҲͶԷܣΪ򲻹ǲСġ
뿪Ҫٳˡ
ңһ뿪
ò˵ΪĺҪǺǣҸɣ㲻ֻĳ˵ƷѡѾˣ㲻ֻǳһģһˡ
⻰˵޵µͬʱҲΪôƶҲǣ
Ͳ˺ҲѹʹࡣĿޣֻ۰һᡣأԴԺ󣬾ҲûпĿֹ


530 һ

޵ûֻܼ֣ð˶顣
صְֻûϢһڴ﷢
ô˯ɫʡ
ļȹӶ˶㲹ϣϧҲ
ãСҿԼŪá˵޹ؽҪĻΪжԭﲻֻ޵£Լмĵġ
ҡҡͷһּϴμŤŤģѿˣͰһҲ棬ԡɡ
û뵽ԼĹ۲΢һůûΪ޶ԼʱԽ
Ǻðɣȥ߸ҵҷ졣
ȵȡ
£
ոҺ˭˵˭ѽ
ɴĺˮϲɻڶɲ֮΢ЦҡҡͷӦˣʲôҲûС
˿ѵõܰԸٱĳ˴ţԣ˵Ǹ˵ƻһС
Ŷˡ
ʧĽͷȥĵסһΡ
飬ĸмֻףյʱԶվ
ˡԷͽߵͷ½ҹ
޵µԶҪ֪ĺãЩ˽Ҳǲ˺
֣ŵҹֻз졣
޵ڴϣ˫Ժ󣬻һУǷɿĴԺطšΨаֵգն˼
뵽ԼĺãԼΪԼһУĴǲԾĸֳһĨůůЦ⡣ɻһתЪ˹ŭֻһ˵еĺãΪһ˶ڡ
ģһֵ˹ȵס

ֻĳһ˵ĴƷ
һշת࣬ʼ޷ߡֱ΢΢ۡ
ֿĨǣӵıӰ
׹ʧ䣬һУΨĨԵӰȴþôԺɢȥ
˿̣ξӰӻôģǱţӰӰ´£˿úòʵ
һе׷ӰȥȴֶԷԼߵʱ˹
۾ѴӴ룬΢΢Ŀ
һѶϵ亹˾þõ˼
ƺֻһ㣬ܿˡ


531 

㱻뿪ĵڶ죬ɱˡ
ɣ˽ʬʱѾݵͷףżޡ
˺ܴĺ䶯ȻƽʱΪ˴·ǳӶ񷴸Уֹݵĵ޻ˣΪúõһˣôͻȻûˣﶼⲻЩȻ
ǸϵϺõĻԣ̷ͬһԣҲϱ˴˵ĺѡ³֪ҲܣΪ˸еģĿǵԼδĹ⾰ͳɣ飬˵֮ǰΨһԸסϽĻҲٳ
ɣԥľ;ܾߵޱѾҽ¹ϵһ˸ûʸڻϳ̾һȺͺӥӵҲá
ɣ
ԿףĻ˵ֱԷһϡ
ŲԣֻǶǾ߷׵ʬεһЦ
޵£ȥ졣
ɣӶıûٿһǾݰ׵ĸʬ뿪µĲһˣʲô޹ؽҪС
޵ȻĿһĻȻԺֵֻӰԼ绨ЦաһΪͼֽҹǶ¹죬ԼѰҰ£һҪ飬ѡһˣЯһ۴ۣð˴ˣڱ˴ˣر˴ˡ
ǣôĲƽԿԺԵɵӵжԣȴֻΪһԸһ
ǰɣȻΪԼͷ㣬޵ȴһҲøжĪľЩѹɬ
ǣˣ
Եһ˼ءŶԷ޵Ŀ⣬΢⡣
ȫҪȥιͺӥ󶼲ܵøȫʬǲǺʹ죿
Ҵδ˵
ΪҲ֪ģȻĺȻЩʧء
޵֪һԼĪĵ⣬ҲᣬֻǶ򵥵Ƥʬһš
޵Ҹ㣬ɣڿ϶ãҲֻһʱġõ֤һҲ㣬㻹ūݣⲻ˶á
޵һԲĽ׵ʬ忸ڼϣʬĳڱ˵ЩŪ޵˵ȴ׾١
ʬֻعͷһŭѵĻһۣȻôǾ԰˰ɡ
ԶʱȻʲô˼㲻Ҫȥ
㲻˵ûе˻֪ȥ
ۿһ죬ȻʲôæĽŲȥ


532 

һ󣬿ȸָֻǰƽ
ûã޵¾ͰɣҪ̵ķݽˡ
ݵνʵοڲṹҲƵ߽ġ
ڷӿĵ죬˺ܶۿ
Ҷ޵µĵ棬Щ߸ϵı˶˴Ĵָ׷ױʾǽ̵ʱҲȥݡ
˵޵¸ǵ·깤ˣҲûסۿ
Χһˣ޵±м䣬ͷСֻֿƴ漷
żҲ֪ĸ۵Ĺһѣһʱɲסѽһײ˱ϡ
ڱײƢãҲûʱס˫ֽȣȻ϶ڵϺݺˤһͷ
û°ɣ
̧°ͻûüشһؾͱúͮͮģգ۾Σβҡҡͷ˵˾Լû¡
ôҲû뵽ôɣԼײ޵¡
޵½ɿ˱ʵľ룬һۣӵģղƺñǰࡣЩӦʣôҲˣ
ɢڶǰ㷢СŮĽ̬޵µ۾˵ɣ
Щô
ӷȥ֮һֱûôǹΪһ仰һֱûҵ˵
ͦõİǰһԳԺȺȣ˯˯
˵һӣ޵±ø˵飬ȴĪþɥ
ǰôر𣬾ûԼȻԹÿĿ֡˵ĳ˵Ʒɡ
㲻ˣ̽ͷʣ޵µɫһ¾ͱúˡ
ûС
ϲ㰡ɵôƯ
޵¿ɬһЦӺ˼ֵⲻĹ𣿡
ңЦЦڰ֣Ϊ˵Цˣʲôϵ
ҪֻͼָУôǳķӣ
ֻ˵˸ţϸڶԼģĻԼ
Ҷö˵һлл
һĸԼлҲĪĶȻС¹ײЩҿɵǸһСʲôлġ
л㲻Ϊ£ϴΡ
޵£


533 

һֳռŮһѼķ浶ب˶֮䡣
ֺ޵ͬʱ˹ȥֻɣһԲĸ˹Ȼѣò˿ûܵӰ졣
޾µϣԶĽšüҴĨЦԵ֣˳ԡ
ԽôãֻδĸŮ˵ɹ֣ΪԼжôɫĴʵڲһᡣǰɣȴ˴δйΣֱŮ˽пܳΪͿ޸·İʯ
ɣһ۾Ƴ˰ֵĽţҲ֪Ůڿȸһֱ뿪ĿʲôֻӲɫת޵ЦЦȻûʧҿˣǳ⡣
޵ǫĳͷĻӦϲͺá
޵£һлҪ˵֮ԶɣȻǵһٶ޵ʴӡ
ܿˣΪɣǸˣΥ
޵¿ɣ¶ʤ΢Цֿ˿ǰԹ񣬴Ǹ߸Ķ޵˵ǵҵӦ𣿡
޵ҡҡͷʾԼѾˡ
˵ҪǽɵƯһһ벻Ľ
ⶼӦġʵӦţڽ 롣
ɣһ˵󣬴ӽ޵ū֮Ϊɣΰ¡
ʲôΰ£
˻һȫȻ
Ψаֺ޵¶ʯ˵
޲ɣǽۼϡ
ô޵£ϲ𣿡ɣһִݵЦڽƺʤȯա
޵ǲֻʵĿһ۰֣Ų޷ȷĿɬһЦɣЦ𣿡
û㿪Цģ޵ҵΰ£һõġ
ɣ
Ļ˵ڣֿĽ·Ҫ֪ܴūΪҵİ£ĵһˣ˵еҫԺҲõһȣҡҿԱ֤ҵ¸Ϊ

ôƾܵĺ£ūȺκһ˵ɱִвƱͷĽ˼顣
ҧгݵĶһĻ͸оɣϲ޵£ʱС¶櫵ĻΪɣΪūݶŹɣѹͲںһС
ʱĿ޵£ƴĶҡͷʾҪӦ޵ȴ޴ע⵽ֻǵͷ뵽Լĳ˼С
޵£㲻˵ҪһֱԶ뿪ҸҰµĻᣬǽԶһûκ˿ԽǷֿ
ҡ
޵ĺҵ̧ͷҪɣһľ֮δΪİ¡
Ҳڱ˿ܳΪİˣΪΪϲʱԳ赽ӣ
õӣҲ޷ɣŷʬĮġΪԼͷ㣬ҲԴǺ̡
ʱж裬ʱжʹ
޵²Ըⱻĸĥ˵ɣһϲ˵һøΪ׵
޵¡
ִŲ˶Է֣Ŀ֮£ĶҪƬˣ޵µͷӦɣҪ


534 Ѿ

̧ͷֵʱƴĳҡͷǧں
ɣҲһգգĵԼĻӦжΣĳڱصõİȻ
޵²֮УӦɣǸСԵıһѹ
ԼӦôͻɣޱѿϾô˿ţɣԸ⽫ūΪܵİ£κ˵һΪҫ顣ܾ͵ֵͬڴɣ
ɣⱲӵĶˣҲģԶҲᱳ
ѾԼ´˾ȴʼԥֻҪһͷͻʧȥһޱҪĶ֪ʲôȴӦʡ
޵£㻹ʲô˵ð
Ǿǣ㻹ŸܵõɣԵĴСӵ߶Ĺʺѽ
ûȥɵˣһʱûعء
ԱЩƽϵū鲻ԽĶѣ˴ĺ¶Ī
ūҲгΪ԰µһ죬汻޵Ժ˵ҲͬĻᡣ
У
ּôͻȻ壬޵һʱѳֲסͻӦæŵľվֹ
ɣϵһ㣬üһ̧䲻ȵķʵΪʲôУ
ѯȴϡ
ɰȴ£һ˿֮⣬ԴϬĻӦ޵ڻʧ䵱УҪİ£Ҳõָ˼˵
ɣСİֻ֮ԱǵЦЦȥľǹȥˣ޵¾ΪҶһУǻһˡ޵£˵˵Ķ𣿡һ仰ɣĵĻ⣬ݸ޵µǸҲ֮иһ˿ѹ
޵ĬȻȴǧˡ
ôҲû뵽ᷢչһزڳԿ񶼳ĽͼʣֻԼ˿֪ô졣
һǲܱѵˣһǲԸѣôѡ֪Ȼһ᲻ġ
ǸаֵСԣΪһֻĳ֣¶ѾõģƺѰһ˿˿ůůδģȥ


535 ûʸ

ɣ޵ɫɣƮʱʱڰֵϣȻЩŭȴǲɫ˵֪飬һ̫ͻȻûйϵԸʱ俼ǣҽ޵£ĺ㣬ϣ㲻Ҫʧ
֣ģͷƵĿһ۰֣Լ԰²뿪
ɣһߣĳ˲
һūΧ޵¸ǰ۵ĸϲ
ֺɣֵֶǸԡ˭ܵõһ¡ɽ۾˶ܿȻͬʱ޵½¡
˵ֱ֪жҡ޵ūݣǿѾԶ
Ⱥūÿŵĵİһص˿̿޵·ϮĽͬʱҲΪˡһ˱̲ס׷ۣԼվ޵µĽǶϣ׻ȥѡ˭
۵ĽֳAB顣
A˵ǻѡ֣ΪɣԴԳ׺һ
B˵ɣ߹ޣеĵλʮܱѡѵõĸ
A˵ɣȻ߹ޣĹڽԴ󣬸̧ͷ°Ƚѹ֡
B˵ѡɣ޵¾ūݣԺԳݵĹһ
A˵ʲôãǰ߰Ѿˣȥġ˵ȽϻģҲ죬һյĴʵ亱
Bַ˼䣬ȴԵЩ԰
ָ̽ۺϣкܴһ˶޳޵ѡ֣ΪǰʱǸֶйӴҲʳǳԣǶ԰ֵĺøԶԶڸ߸ְȻԵõɣ
ĬĬԱţΪ޵µҲҷԷθ۶ƫԼʱǸΨһBѡȴվ˳˵ΣҶѡɣȻǸСԺܺãƣʳҲóԣ޵ҲܹġǱˣ޵µɣɣ޵Ƕ֪Ҳ޷ӵǰһСԣɣһȷġ
˻һԭվAԱضˡ
Ĵű˴ˣƺҵͻƿڡ
ǰ˵˵ȥ޵µɣģɣƾʲôӵڵһУ
Դʼգ޵ûлţҲĻᡣ
ǶϹˣǿ޵Լ뷨ɡֹ˴ҵۣ˵޵ԼѡȻĵȴʼƫ֡
Ϊܸоϲ޵£ദʱ䲻СΪ޵һУɶɣȴһҲҲϲ޵£־;ԸԶֻװһԣϲҲֳɺܶݡ
޵ʱһֱޱ飬һԹߡ
ֱᵽɣȣҪѡҲɣԺкؾɢһĨȺį֮
ԸѯʣʲôҲû˵ֻתˡ
ѡ¶˵һĪϲ¡ɴҶıӰȥޱأ·縺ǧʯһ㡣
һߣΧҲһɢ
ŷְֻԭأʧǵĶ޵ԶߵӰĪΪе۲ѡ
õĴ԰Լһԥľѡϧ֪Լû޵ǰ㣬ҲԶûʸ


536 㲻Ƿ

Ȼûɵģܿϸϸ˿ģȴԶĵĺ⡣
ܵһʪİֹæøëΪͷϵˮ顣ͬʱ۵Ϊʲô겻ҸطҪܵñʪ͸
ҧŲ԰׵촽ͷָ΢΢Ŀһۿɵþͺ
ٴαŵ֪ݣȴŷǳҪǿӣ򲻵ѣǲǰᡣ
ַʲôˣңǲ۸㣿
ߵֻǺҡͷʹѹ㻺Ľɣ޵£뽫ΪԼµ߸֪
Ծֵ֮޵ǴӦ𣿡
ûдӦҲûܾ
ĬƬ̣Ҫȥ
ʶץסĸ첲ɫԥִžֵҪ
ȥȥޱŭ
Ҫȥûõġ
ΪʲôûãڶҪĴԽˣ㻹ȥѵĸԸΪ˵ԣ
ûСı粵ţôϣ޳Ϊ˵ԣͱһܲˣοĿһгʵ
ΪλҪң
ʧȥ˼䣬ȥҲûá
ۿˮŭֻΪֻεô㣿
ɣʱ俼ǡ
˼ҲĽ
ҡ
ѡĲ㣬ɣô죿
һţδйĺº;֣֮ΣʱҲδҲ֪
˲Щɸֵĵ˵۾̾Ϣŵ㡭ˣĴӦģһȥ·ˣҪΪһŹСӡ
һĹػ΢ů̧ͷֻˮ۾С¹һĶ
ҿģҴӦʱȥ鷳
ΪǵԼȥ޵ˣЩһĵ֤
ȴί˦˦ͷëմŲľӨ˵Ҳǵֻ˵һлл
Ȼڵлʲô
ѹĵʱһֱҡⱲǷҶ֪ôˡ
Ųߣ֪ԼǴĵĿɬ˵ʵʲôǷңϾҵȵġ


537 Ƶҹ

ҹضһķ㡣
顪ִĳֽ˲޵µע⡣Ͼ˹ȥŴ򿪡
մҵĸʱס
٣޵£Ҿ֪㻹û˯ۣϵдŵ⡣
£
̧־ţ˾ʶһԵû£졣Ҳʧ߲𣿡

Űζûж޵£ֻúƤԼȥ
㲻˵ҵĬˡҸ˵仰ֳԲ˿
޵üεĽŸˡ
ԴɣūҲûнʲôѣҲûʲô׽ˡǸЩԵ
ιһֱҿѵҺˣϧҲǴԣȻҲ֮¡˵ΪĬЦȴ䲻Ŀ޵ָָĶʾж
æֲãĵңЦε˵ԭ
ôŪģ
ոȥΰһˣ˳˼ͷѡ
Ը
һܳԾӣɩǰ㱧ԹǵȻΪ˭һô˳˳ˮҪʲôʲô𣿡
޵²Ե̧üͷôˣ
˵أڿӵԣѵ֪
𣿡
ǵȻ˵Щū޵ˣ޶㼵ʵҪǰǷֵλ߹ɣǸƿɰշǷСԣǶΪ㵹
һ˵£޵µĿƴͷһʱ뵽޾ĳĬС
ѽ㿴㣬κ˶֮ĺ£Ϊʲôͷȴ˰һ
Ҳ֪
ǲڿŲ֪ôѡ

һ±ĿȻ֪Լ¶ˡֲ֪һɣͰֶһĺôԣҪͬʱӵǸǶôҸ
˻޵ɫ˲һ磬һֻһƣΥݡѡһˣͲжġ
֪֪Ǹ㿪ЦһҵĻ롣
޵¼һƤЦȻ¶׵ԺҪЦ
úúãҾ㣬㵽׻ѡ֮˭
ûеõӦĸȴԷʣôѡ
ֲ㣬ô֪ƲƲ죬ٴЩᡣ


538 ϲ˭

ͷһһĴȥЦŰִļϣưοĽ޵£αƣʵѡ˭һ£˵ҵ¾Īˣֺοǻū
ҲκһΪҶѹ
͵ĵͷ˵⵹Ҳǡ漴ֲһ䣺Ҳûа취˭Ƕء
޵΢΢һ𣬹˻ſɬЦЦ
ŪЩĪ˵ΪʲôЦôѿ
Ƕǰ𣿡
޵һķʸˣ΢ŵĴ˵һ
޵ȻԼûа˭֪һô򵥵ġ
ɣǰǰôߣޣ߰ΪСֻҪҪģ뾡취õ
˵ռиɡ
ڰ֡ҲԼôһ㰮⡣ȻߵǸ˵Լõ㰮ȫ鹦ĳ˳һˡ
ͺñһƷĴڡ
Լ˼žһĴȣһȻָɴӵԶ䣬ͱǰˣֻҪԼ뷨ȥͺá
ҵ뷨
ǰϲ˭һЩѡ˭ɡ

˵ϲ˭
ҡ
𣿡
Ҳ֪
޵ͻȻû񣬸ףĸеΪˡ޵¿˵治ɫģȻⳡ֮ѡȴ֮
ɣ⡣
ϣ޵ֻβĺһŶԷʵĻӦ˵
պ˵ദУ˭һʱÿһЩһЩ
޵šü룬˫ֽϥǰɣҵˣǰһһūıݣ˵ڵĻȻǸһ𡣡
˵֣
š
㿪𣿡
޵ʵͷһҲһʱܾùúܿ죬Ҳһʱ̲ס͵͵Ļζһ
ǡĴ˸ָ˵ҪǾͶˣҪѡ˾ˡ
˭
˭ȻǸζֶһС԰
仰޵µһۣһȴᶨ˵ҵɣȻġ
޵£ǲܺĸΪһ̸ġ
ǰģһЧ



539 ܽ

ھӻһʱ޵ȥҹɣһΡ
ɣûмӭ޵µǻԡ
ɣİ֮һȥķϵܺáȻڷԺͱޱȳţ˿źһࡣ
޵ʱеĵ˲٣ȻЩ޵£ɣҪΪһΰµѾ֪ˣ˵˼ܵĹϲȴ޵²ûеǰ㿪⡣
෴ƺЩüչ·Ϊɣ°£н١
Ϊӡ֤룬һ̽޵µĵȷû̫ನ͸д
Լɣؿǽһ£Լū֮޷䡣
Ȼɣƺϵ޵½ĿģȻԼ룬ܶûת޵£ʱŮ棬ʱҪ˵еѡ
޵գʣΪʲôҪ
ԿȻһЦɵǼɵɣһϿüأҪ㵱˵ѡ񣬾ǲܾô߰һˣɲҪҲûӡصˣҪõȻ
մ˻һεѹȸ˲޵¡ĵ׸ǲԾһĨ뷨Ƭֱ̣Լ뷨𵽡
룿
ΪʲôҪ룿ǷҪЧɣһӵ
ԼΪİ¶ѣΪʲôӣ
޵£ʲô֮ԼأȻԼЩ͸ǰܷӰ죬һֱΪ޵ƾɣ࿴Ҫռǵλã鲢ȫ˵ǰ㡣̲֮סҪŪһ㡣
޵ҡҡͷ
ԵΪλΌܴ£ѵ㲻֪ҫǶģ
ֻ뵱ūЧһӡ
ԷһɵĳЦɸһūȴԸƽƽĵ£㵽Ǵأ
޵һһĨȻûΪԵȴ෴ʲôѡ
ǰΪʲôһӵūȴԸֹϵΪʲô
ŬѯԼģİһػЧūΪʲôп
Ȼ䣬ԺԾĸֳĨֽεЦݣԼȪ֮⡭ǸصСԡ
ˣΪɣūЧĻװűˡΪİ£ôĶֻһˡ


540 λ

ʱܿȥ
ɣҪūѡΪµ飬Ҳȸ䴫ˡ
һ磬޵µļǰ;ۼ࿴ֵˡ
ڼ䣬ɣ׽ȸŮɯΪ֤˳ϯ
ִԶԶһӵĺ֡
ȻĿһУﷺڱصõЦ⣬·Լˡ
һβ׷ߣĿ޵ϣ̶Ŵ֮Ŀ֣촽һһʤߵ̬㣬ˡ
ֲ⣬ɫ΢΢һףȴǲʵʲô˼
ɣڴЦޱȣ޵ѾҵλݣԺҵİ֮һ
ܡ
һּĺ仰
Լ֡
޵˹ȥֿһ֣ȻϴһɫĲݻ
С¶˵ǿȸ䣬ֻҪаµԶλݡ֮Ҳͨλݵɫݵλ
ɫǴɫֻбԼҴϲһʸɫɫԣԼǰźܸߵĵλ
޵²ŸոձɣѡУͱɫλݣκ˵Īĸݡ
޵£ѡ񣿡ñ׵İ֣ȴƽһֲ˼Ķ޵µ۾ֻǷϵѯʡ
޵¿ĳλȻʹȴֲ֪ô¡
ƲŸɬĺ촽˵ʲôɲʱһǿķϮͱ͵һȭʹڴɢɫһȼա
ڸʲô˰콫çײļһ
ɣͰֶĳ䲻һȻʱҪ޵½еڶι޵ûжǸʧȥľżվűģȴԸ߿Ƥϵʹܻһʹ
쵰б㻹ְΪô࣬һҲĶ𣿡
ſңҪǸһ
бȸ˼ߣﲻԳĬĶ޵ֺ
Ѿ˲Ǳߣһ뵽޵ҪΪɣˣľ˺ݺݵ˺ѿһ㡣
ҧűڷ˫ȭߵԷĸǰΪʲôҪôΪʲôԵҳ֣


541 

޵µͷû˵֮Իѡ񣬾ǺԼؼʱ޷ѡΣܶԲɣԼȵģҲģᵱһӵūԣǲδ
ȻûнͲȥЩ̡
޵˼ԼôܻСԴ˺ʹࡣû뵽ǣзᣬԼȴӵĲζ
˵㵹˵
ּʼղ¡һ뵽ʧȥޣеʹࡣ
Բ𣡡
޵Ŀ԰׵̧ͷӦͫ׳ںޡ
ǵģЩԼѡˣǼۿ˵İ֣ľԼһܴĴ
Ǵʲô֪;Լ顣
ҲҪ˵Բֻ֪ѵľһҲ𣿡
ҡ
ˣء޵ڼѡôܿͻΪҵİ¡ԣûκιϵҲϣپɣ޵µֹǿƵվ˳Ȩ
ֲԾһգգĶ޵ºޣֻҪ׿ڸңǲһҲˣǣһĵġ㲻˵Ǿ֤ңңͲܸ˽¡
ûʼţ¿ʧ޵£һǶиоġϾôԼûˣǷĶ϶ڡ
ô飬޵ƭԼģϲ֣Ҳĵλɣλ£˵Ӱ졣ÿοָһʱͻƲסķᡣ
ʹԼΪʲô˵ϲһ˳Դ׵ı֡
һϲصˣ̧ͷͦش󷽷ĳϣԼиоģǡһİȻе鶼һˮ
ޡϤȴ֡
ԼһμʱϲĺԼҲһɲǣǸ۶װԼСԣһθо٣ʱһΪԼë
ٵĲŴӱ֪ԼΪǸԣԲŻᱻϡ
ʱÿοʱͻĬĬĵԵ֡ö֮жϤ֣ж༵


542 µѡ

ˣҵѡѾһС˵䣬޵΢΢̧ϴλݣǱ̬ȡ
ɣһЦǰס˶Էĸ첲ͷǵļϣǸʤߵİ̬κ˿˶ۡȴ޶ãĿʼղ޵ŲֻеĹȴһʧһڸɿʵĿݾûûԴȪ
紵㷢·𱻳Ĵޣһվ޶ԡ˿οˡ
޵¿УʱһϣջǣһûķҸռģƲסҪ߹ȥԷοʱȴɣڰ֡
ɣǳЦʶԼոЩˣѡɣʲôʸȥһأ
ߣڷѾ˱ƿصһͷްĳ߳˹ոòԶڰֺ޵µĽ̸Ҳһ
ʹõüվȣȥҪ޵ٴξֹ£ȴм䡣
ɫ԰׵ĶԼһ֡
Ǳһ㣬ȴǱ׵֣ÿ
⻹һôĶ˵ֻɵԣôί˺ȴҪ̻ˡޣʹֵ
ɬҡҡͷ֪ΪԼãǲԸȥ˺ޡʧ䣬Լ˱ˣ ȻĿޡ
Ҳ޹ġ
Ϊڵ߶Ҳԣүĳͷɣͷһֱʱûкúϧ
ȥֵĻקȭͷǸϲɵļһ㷢ģֻᰮһˡȴΪ˱Ĵԣ˵˺㡣ʧȥ˼䣬Ҳ˻쵰ң֮仹ˡ
˵ˡ
ŴĻȻתֿ˿ɫЩãȻ޵һۡ
޵ƳڿԼһ˿ĲȻһѡѣΪʱȴ˵Ĳ
޵£ȻǵһУҲ㡣Ҫѡһµ·ߣҲֹԸҸ
ǿջЦףʣ޵ȴˣҲοں


543 Ҳ

֡
΢ĿΪʲôҪôò
ߡ
۽ǵһĨỨȥѾ˵ȴװޱȵķƵ
ӵܣڳҲ΢ݡ
ЩԶԼϱ޵£ǾͿ޷˵ĴӦλСһ𣬶ᡣ
ȵȡ
ɣ˺סɿ޵µ֣ޱǰ
û˵ȴջĻͷһ۶Է㻹ô
ɣʢ˵ƳƳ漴ŲͷλȻǾȹ¶ĶˣҲ㲻һֱܹǷǱʿȥ¡
ģͻ뿪
˶Է֮⣬糾պҲĿſ޸Ů˽£Ȼ󽫶ĺöһŮϣΪѾˡܺһ㡣
ûòѣطǸͲϡҪΪˡ
ҧ˵գֵһ㶵޵£ֵʧС
ʧ޵ǳʶǰһֻϴɣȻԣѾûлͷ·ѡˡ
γѣٿԶȴһ顣
ˣ޵ú׼Ǿ;нʽһŮΪңһΪĽԡڽʱ䣬һƳ£Ҳ֪ڻУ㡣
ɣ޵³ٳûлӦȨĬϣûԣҲ뿪ˡ
˶ߵòʱ򣬸˹ļôˣڻлᡣ
޵ҡҡͷǷϣߡ
ϣʧǵӣǺĪ
ɣȹңֲҵݣҳΪԣһʲôɲ֪ġǰӦøе֪㣬ΪʲôȴЩ˵ģǶԼһͰο
ô룿üгɡ
ΣѶ
޵£ΪɣǻᱻĽͻҸϧѽС˵ͻߵλ뿪ԺҲˡʳôζûиƷҪȥ𣿡
ˡټֻͻİɡ
㻹Ѫ


544 

ֺŻصҲãС¶櫾ͺۿˡ
׽㣬Ұ˵ͻ뿪𣿡
ǵġ
һĥù⻬ʯͷӦС¶櫣ﲼ˸ʧ䡣ʯͷǰںӱ߷ֵģúܺãԼ־Ĵĥһ״뽫͸޵¡޻ᡣ
ܲܲ߰׽㣬Ҳߡ
һ뵽룬С¶櫵Ļ˿ǻ֪ǲɸĵʵǲԸܡ
ǰ¶ͷһЦְ˵¶櫣ûвɢϯҪ뿪ġҸİйԼھԼʱѾˣҵҵŵԡ
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ˣҲûʲô塣
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ΪԼ˵˰ֻ᲻ˣС¶櫴εĿ˭֪Էûһ˿ⲻ˵ЦǾͶԶǰҪԲԡ
šȻϲ׽㣬Ƕİ˵ǲ޿ɴΨһ
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545 ص

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ݣ޵µĵȻƲסĿΡֻ֪ҪԼп뷨ĨӰͻͻȻʧӰ١
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ıӰܶΣȴû޵ףһıӰˡ
Ϊʲôһֱҵ
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޵룬ǾǰΣһҪģ
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ǸСԵԼ˵صˣΪʲô
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̧ͷ˿δĴ⣬Ѻ˯⡣𴲣ͷҲصû˺ڰ֮С


546 Ϊ

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紵·һûľżޡ£ȴ彩Ӳ
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ֽ°ʹ£зһ˿Өȴ֮нĨȥ漴ͷǿһЦǱһֻšСè䡣
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547 ȥ

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ſ޵Сԣļ˳ȴҲǱ
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ʵĻ񵶼һļϣؿʹ
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ӰԽԽԶʧֵľͷ
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551 ûи

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ΪԷʾǳϵǣ޵²ûбǵĻ壬̧°һں˵Ǿұԭݰɡ
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˵ǼһﶼޱͬĿ⿴Ͼ޵²ŸūۿҪũūѸ質ˣһԾΪǻҪܳԣû뵽ȴڷ˷衣Ǹ˵ûиأڤڤ֮аţһźߣūū汣ӣԶƽƽ
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һȻӭĿ⣬ҲƱ磬̹ʵĵ˵ͷ


552  ֻим

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ĹϺ;˲ɣͷһһγϸϸֻ޵ѾǰİǸһģһǡǰǸƴӶĻ޵ȫһ
˵һֱҡǸѾˣֻҪӦңװŸǰһ͵ʲôҲûз㻹ǻҵİ£ңҲԼĺӡɣ֣һĿȥһ˵ֻ޵ϲĵһˡ
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ЦҲȥΪ˳ͷҶֲ̣ԲŻʱѡ


553 ģ

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š
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554 Ծ

ŵľߡ
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һ⿾ˡ
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Ҳ԰ɡҡͷܾƮƮģһɢˡ͸һ·һ⣬ͻʧ
ôУһʳﶼûԹȥɲС
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һһҹû˯ֲԶôСŹ֡
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УңȥûܸβĲҩ
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ʹʹĿһˣκߣһģӣԲǿš
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ĵ̧ͷ֮ʣرǰĴס
ʲô
ԶݴȻվһͷҰޣԼңһɫëŲִĿǰצԾԾԵǰ졣
ֲ֪˶ã¶ǿڲβɭ·ҧϸֽˮࡣһصĭӣ㹻жô
ոһ޵̫ˣͷŹֵҰôҲûв
ô죿
ûһߣҪѧԾȲС
Ȼû˿ޣѾʧȥ˺ܴ壬ɲװȥҪΪԼıǡ
뵽ֵ־ᶨˣ֮УʶľץԱߵһľӡ


555 ʨ

ͷҰҲǵģֳ˲ͱŭ
֫ǰøˡһһҲɲǿ壬εĻ档
~~~~~~
һ˻ϵСݱٵöϸ֫ɼȫ˹׼
ֿ˾Ѿŵ˼㡣¸䣬ô׺ĶҧǸǶôµһ顣
ǶԼԵľͺˡ
Եģ
һɲǸһոǱԼޱȵĿ¹ڿл˻Ρ
ǹ￴֮󣬹ȻͫϵëҲ΢΢ſٴβܿƵŴǵ䡣һſҽУֱϪ㼯
޴磬ԭǿĿ⣬˵ҸԾˡ
һΪʲôǱ⿾ζǵıӱͺ飬ټѶ΢һζͿʧǵ
~~~~
һͺԷѵȲˣӿ׳һͳַ˶
ֲҹ࿼ǣͳԷ˹ȥǹ￴ʳ۷⣬ͷһڽסȻڵؾͷҧһǳɵᶯ԰ԱڵԼĳһ㡣
~~~~
ʳԷĸо̫ǹһʿʱ򣬻ʱʱëȻ
վԭأŶԷãҲǣҲǣнֻ֣ǹܳ궫뿪
Լң¹ⱻɵøɸɾͷӶԷˡ
Ӷڰ˵ֱ尾ӡ
ʱ޿̵ĲԷԱͿ뿪ϧȫ͹˶Էʳ
һҵĴֶôãܾһֻС¹̴򷢣
ڳ¹ζʳ֪ζԽ̰֮ġ
¹óԣոհʳ׹һҲһζɡ
𡭡˵õģЩˣ㲻ܳҡ
׹ѾӶԷǷ̹￴Ѫ뺮⣬վľȷŲš
ǹ򲽲ƣÿһǰ
иոյʳθͷѾֵûôˣµһֻŪĻèڳԵʳ֮ǰŪʳĿС
𡭡ˣҪҶˣҶҲ̫õġ
ĻѴſǻأֻǼһ˷ܣڱصá
߿ٲҾ͡
˵һ룬ԼûˤһӣҪȴ̧֫ͷ˿ǰ棬ЦƺڳЦܣƺΪһִף
~~~~
˷ܵĸˣһ
ء
ͻȻϵһߴһʨ
ͣԵžϯһеɲʱضΪ֮һ
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һʨǱǰһµľ棬ǹ޻ͷֲʵĿһۣһٶʧɽ־ͷ
ҪǵϻһЩɢôһӴһոڶв
~~~~ˡ
ҺʨüʱȻһᱻͷ޲븹
һ뵽ʨ˲侪ѡ
ôǿޱ޺


556 

ޣ
һ뵽ֻͳ
ѸٴӵҲϥǴСˣײײľͳʨķȥ
ִԣҪĶȥ
üҩݵʱ򣬿㱵ҪеķǰȥϽܹȥס
ֿĪİοߵĸǰɫסԷĸ첲ոʲôûУ
ۿ죬Լʱ͵͵޹΢ݵҡҡͷûС
ô᣿ոкܴʨ𡣡
𣿡ɵİθ
ɷµĿͷţո˲ãһͷҰһĹܵҵߣȥˣֺҺܺ£Ͱ㿾ⶼˡģûҲԵҺǱߴʨȻڿ¶ȥˡ
۵ĨĨð亹֪ŻˣæοԲҲðһ£һһĴִԣҵʧԴңҲңҾ֡ˣҲû뵽Լ뿪һ˲صĴ
ЦҸҪ㣬ֲҵڣҲûҪʮСʱıҡֻ㣬ոյʨ޵˵޻᲻ڸ
˵գҡСԹĴһϲεӣ˭ҲԸеû롣
򴽣Сֱ۾ִ飬ˣѾûпޣֻ޵¡޵һߣǲܳӦң
ҸոʨȻͷҲ޶˶˵ıܡ
˵һ棬ƶޱȣֻ̾ЭɽĴǶѨʨҲΪ档ʨһǿޣҲֻѰһֻҰʨأ
ĺ񡭡
ͬ޷˻Ϊƣִԣһ̫ˣԲŻǿޡ
ѵˣįգϲʧ
Ҳԣ޵¸ɣµĺӣӦȫȫɣߣôأ
߰ɣûڣȻչ˺ִ顣
صԭĵطͰѸոմɽժĲҩĥֵ֭ʯˮһȵ˲Ŷֺȵ
ҩİɫ࣬˻ẹ˯ãʱѾˡ
ĺɫѳŶӷࡪĽŸо˸м
ڷ˰飬һˣҲûгȥѰʳ˿̼ˣΧժЩҰ
ںϴԺ󣬾˫ĸǰִ飬ȳԵӣٿûбĳԵġ
˿ŹӷǹӲǺЩɬڼ˵Ҳûʲôˡ
ҲԵɡ
֪ΪҲһûгԶԼСݣΪԵʲԵҲûʲôôߴĸӣֵȥ弫Ϊģûʳӣʮܡ
Ĺӣһҧ£΢΢üͷ漴Ͱѹÿ
ôˣֲ
¸ժȥ
ˣҾϲģζ
ǺðɡΪ棬ʵֻ֪ǲΪ²͡


557 Ӱ

ӣڵ˯һʱůůġ۾һѾ˻ѣӳյͨڷҰá
ȼžʱʱ˱ǵյ̲סҪˮ
ֹ̺Ӵӵݵ屻¹ӳյӡůʮĻʵǴ׽ӣ
ˣһŪʳһ߿ĵĳЦ˵ܲţӲ׽ģǿƯԼġ
ôܣǳЦҡͷǹⶺ˲˵
ģո˯ԺҾһֱߡ⼸ֻĪͳǵķǵȻʲôҰ޸ҧˣܵò죬ûзѰͽ׽סˡ
ֺ£־Ųš
ͷһ̫ɰ˶ĿԿ࣬ԲЩʳԹ
ϲԵľ⣬ǵⶼҪǰڵʱ򡭡˵һ룬ֱͣЩĿ˿ͷ̶Ҳκ
ԸȻˣЦת˻⣺õȲ˰ɣģٵһǾˡ
á
ǿӦһ˼ȴЩƮԶ
СʱֻӾ¶ǡ
ϲ˶Ĳ֫麡
˺ˮϵĶͷ㻹ǰɾǾͻ뿪αػҪĴɨȻԺԼΪĲͬߵﶼǴ֣ȴС˼ҲϸᣬȴֱˬЦǣִͻĸоȴΪǢ޲ܹһֱӵС
ҲǰɾЩͷҪǲ鷳ġ
췢ǰֻ֮ͷ־͹ͷģҪ
İɣڣûκвҽӽ㡣
˵ôţﻹмΡ
֪뿪˲С־壬ڵŻ졣
ߣŰɡ
ܵ˵Ͻϸġ
ҹ
š
˯İ֣ⲢǺ㡣
˺ҹŴεޣ㲻Ը˯
۾Աŵ˿Ѿ˫ǳ̬縧գûȴȻһԴģ
ĿһⳤҲǻжġ
òпһʮĺˣ˧壬ּãȫ˿ޣҲᰮ˰ɡ
ԱߵĻѾϨֻЩĻĵֿ
ʱһ¶͵ʱƤ̺ԼϣʲôҲûиǣԱߵ¶ˮڲ֪䶼ʪͷ
Ȼ䣬Ǿ˲̫˽˶æѴԼϵһ̺׼ʱȴǰһĨӰӻι
ǰƣֻǰӰ߲¹ղȥӰӰ´¼ʲô
ۻ
ոǿһĨ˵ӰӣӰʹΪϤֻһգۼ䣬Ͳˡ
ԥҪҪȴԱߴ춯
ˡ
ô˯ˣ
һ˿ߺİƣȴȻڲסŨŨĹġ
˯̫ˣ˯š
ˣ˯һźõÿ졣
䣬ֵĵ̽̽Ķͷ¶΢΢ɡ
㿴ǰǲʲô
ģ
ɵķָָͼг˫ĳǷɨӶȥ
ô𣿡
֪ҹãҪʲôȫ׾٣ԼҪڷǳõĹ²ܿһС
ǱʲôҲûУִѵǷʲô
ҲҲ¼֮УʲôûҸոô񿴵һĨӰ
㿴㣬ֺ˼ˡôĻˣ˿Ҳ緢֡
˵úܶԣôܲأۻ˰ɡ


558 ɵ

תۣˡ
Ŷ߷ǰףִһ°ֵͷѾˣΧժЩӸȳԱԺ˱·
ڰУ;кͣЪĻᡣԵĶǺ⡣
ʱ䣬ͷְѾЩΪܶһϢʱ䣬˵ԼڿȥˮˮĿ϶϶˼ѡ
֪ϲ뾡취Ū˷ۡʯ𣬱㰴ǰ޶˺ôһ롣
һһڵҨͣʳҪܣҲ㡣
ôͿңҲԵɡ
ּһֱϣʱԵЩ˼
ҲԾС
ôֲܲġﻹһӣһ԰ɡ
ˣûϵġԼǻһˡ˵žܾȴ˿˿ġ
òŸҿôһҲԲ꣬һʣһӲ˼֪ԷɻǹΪ顣
ѾݵǰʯףǾܲסջĽС
СԵĺ⣬ľܾ
ùӵҨһ׵ڸкܻζģģֲСϲĶΪζ˾ͺƣ
ó𣿡ַһ˾﷢ӿȥЩͳЦ
ĵ˵ͷ˵˾óԡ
ıԹκζҪóԣΪ⵰մСԿˮζɿڵζƷһΣǵһӡ
óͶԵɡ
ֲ֪Է֮ⲻھƣΪǾõóԡﻹֹţ޾Ͳ˵ⶫ̫ˣˡ
ףĬĬҨ˼׷УȫСԵܰζ
ǻҪ߶òܵ壿
ҵģͷƻҪ졣
졭ţͿԼˣ뿪ôãҲ֪ܼܲǵ衣
𼱣ܿͻ̵ġ
š˵뵽ʲô˫ʱޱȵһ¿𣿡
ʲô£Ŀ͵Ŀ·ʲôҪܾ
㵱Һӵĸɵ
ɵʲôǸɵδء
ɵǼһϰףÿҵĺӳԼĸ⣬һǸĸ׹ϵϺõΪɵ衣뵽ǿõֵܣǱ˴ΣһУҲ˿ȸ䣬ҵĺӻҲˣɵߣһܿĵġģȺӽˣҲ㣬Т˳㣬㵱һ
ִԣ˵ģжһ٣۾΢΢˵ıһ±üࡣ
㲻ԸĻҲûϵ֪һ·Ѿ鷳ܶ࣬ԺϺӡ
µĻû˵꣬ͱԷ쳣˷ܵĴϣ˭˵ҲԸˣĺҼֱͲ䵽ͷϡ
㲻
ΪʲôҪװ׸̵Ƕ˵顣ңһ˵̳㼫ƣһܹԺܿɰΪǵĸɵҵĸ˵أ
ллǾ˵ˣȼ˺ӣҾ͸ǵĸɵû׵ҲֻøɵֲںӵĿǷ


559 ɻ

ֲͣͣʱ䡣
ۿִܵˣֵҲս˲١
ϣ˳·ɭֵ˵Ǹôֽ·ߣһΪ⸽ĵò̫Ϥ˵س겻⣬յĲľ֪жǱڵΣա
ȻÿֹƼģ뵽һ·˳ĵľðһա
ҹЩƣˣڻ޵ϣԼһ·ǰС
ӣھ
˯ŴԼˤֱſһ£Լ䵱ⴲϢ
Ȱ˯֮Ѿװ
ֻвԶһط΢⡣

źǷæԼѹôãҲ֪Ѳܡ
˶ԼȣΪѪҺѭԣƬŻָڵɭֵ棬ƻҪ߰ܳȥ
ǽҪЪϢ𣿡
㲻ĻҿߡֳֺʪĵطϰߣԴҹ뿪
Ҳһ죬ϲϢôУ
վű𶯣ȥҵ
һɡ
Ҳá
һڸЩ̣һĵطš
ʱȴð־ĳԼѯʣ㿴ʲôڷ⣿
˳߿˹ȥͽĲľһӣɫվɻôɻ
ɻʲô
˵Ĺĵط˼ۣʥ¹ԡ£Ȼһѩ޵ĻȻš
ɻѼõһֻ˵ʱǹԻʱᷢһҫ۵⡣ڻή֮ǰժ£һԸԸܿʵ֡ˣɻһƣǾǡ֮
ô𣿡գԵò̫šһᷢĻѣƺûʲô˵ġӦûмôֲǹ⽫˰ɡ
ģǰҵ汲ĻȻûժ£ҲմȾ˲ٵĺ
з˼˷֮⣬ȻҲһССĶԵνðɣȻôţǻʲôժԸɡ
лһĨڴǰ֮ٿͣ
ţ
԰ɻı飬Щεִ飬ɻ㷢ֵģȥժɡ
ûϵҲġЦЦһȻϡ
һȴǼֵ˵ȻһȫʵһڡʵԸ͸أ
ðɣȥժ˳Ը
֮ԴӦôˬ죬˵ЩǼ˵ôһֿɻôģȫ빼һƬ⡣
ȥɣڣСһ¡
Ķ֮£һıߵɻʢĵط
֮ضֲ΢ӽšûбΣգժĹҲȽ˳
ĨŵĹ⣬ַɻĲĻ꣬Ļ
ǻ񺣵׵̲ǧ飬͸ȾҶʹʥ
ֻǵһμĻ˲俴Щˡ
ִ飬Ըɻһժ£ͻѸٿήû֣ԸҲᱻ


560 

һѣҲһ㡣ɻϵĹļԼ;ƿ֮ơ
Ļ꣬Ҳۿɼٶήҡ
ֵĻ뿪˸ҲʧԴԷ岻ٹӦˡ
ˣǲ񻨣ǾԸɡ
ֳŹ⻹ûȫʧٵı۾ϵؿĬĬ߶䡣
ٴۣɻĹâѾʧˣһͨģή޹ĻܵʲôĴݲС
õôݣϧˡ
и֮̾ʣǰĹľкȻзһ·OO@@漴´ܹһ磬硣
ŵʧɫת֮ʣȴһֻ޴Ļſǰ棬׺ݵĵסȥ·
ով⡰ű·
룬ȴǼһѾʼһվ˫㣬֨֨
⡭ŵһԿհףʱ֪Ǻá
~~~~~
˲˻ǵע⡣
ŤŲȥֺù׼Ķڵϣһʱû޵˵սľ
תǺֻּթӣɲʱ˼˼룬Ͷſ˵²ˡ
ǼһʵŻָ糣ĳ˹ȥִԲҪ£ڣô
е⣿
Ǻ񣬶ǰٷ֮ٵĿ϶
ΪһովǳķģȻ·ǵɴǺ޲һڽԵ
ָңᡣ
ĽֵݸǣԼ뿪ͷֿһԼѾȫĻ䣬⣬ѵһΪɻ
ȷֻͷһſڵװʵĻë֣ȻͶ˫ַźĺ
˫۾ԹȴڶЦ·һ룬ʹ벻Ĺһ㡣
һֻҰˣô˵ıأ
ҡҡͷԺеĵ뷨ǰֲԤȴԽԽǿܾһСȻڶλͷʱ򣬷ԭʵļһȻĶǣԼƨɳǵķ׼СģȻû˵ڣһɷƵŨͳķ
ۣó
ζͺѾ෢͵ĳֱʬĶһ˱˵ıǻ
ŨңǺǣ˼䷴θġ
Ҫֿܵͻιȥ
óŻ
סڱǵ̱Ļ§šüģҾȻһһС
ŭɶҪȥǸͷųļһһٲʹĽѵʱȴԼȻȫ
ŰֵڼȲ˼£һͰԵ˵ϣΪ̵棬ڰû˵ͷšƤҲۡ
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ʼյĵĻ
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˵仰æͣΪڿеζʵ̫ˡ
ȥһ㣬͸ʺһܡ
ǰϿкܶදΪұãڻڳζҺų١Ҳνĳ٣ƨ滹дͳԼǸŸг١ܷھжĳҺ˵к
ǵĳǱȽϷĶϮʱβҺֳҺޱȶҾá



561 

թĻǿֺڲˣһǰСʵģʹӵϱףļΧȦһվųߣ˫黬ֽ۾µµת
ɫͶϣƣ沿˰Ťżֱޱȡ
ǳɾˣ
֪ڰԺΣͼǼһѾſڵϻû˵ģ
һһ˿ҵˡ
Ƥѿþ㲡֢һ㣬һͷִ־ͷߵѡŵӺ͹ͣ޲ʾǻǵı̬
󰡣ԭ˵磬ҲÿԶ᳤úÿ
һһ
˵ɣʲô
ϮôֲеޱȵһΡһΪĴĴʹָվĺԼһ⣬Ϊʲôովû뵽һʹóһСȫΪԼѹƻ֪Ѷˡ˭롭͹Ľթ̶ȡ
ҵĳҺô侲Ǳĺ
һС˵־ıЦЦֵߵǵһ׵ľ룬ٿֶ촽͵Ĳӵ֪֪˶õĶ
оӴϢУʶ˺󾱣żѵĴʵָɻ
ûΪ˵Ѿ¡ﲻ֪˶վüβɥһûзΪľ֮ʱֽժ£ڴѾõԸءҺò׵ȵ˽ϡ˵һתָ䲻˰Ǿ絰ǰ֮ϡ
ֵļڸܵĨʱĴ˸ź촽ȴʼûԼһ
ǵãֻ·ȴҵһУҶĶ
ʲôִ޹ġϾɻҲָʹȥժġ
һ˵һС˿޼ԼΪʲôڹؼʱûС
ԭ֣
ЦȴһҲӰŲ
ժģôֱ˵Ҫ
̲סˣһﲻζţҲף̵ǣÿһο֣ձ޲⡣
С鿴ˣû뵽ƢôꡣŹˣûζǻǰ¹ϵ
ôûóԵĻӦԷ
ܺãôζ˴Ĵ飬ϼֱǺˡ
أ
ҪҵĲɯ
ֱõһʵ˭ǲɯ
ֻ޳ŰһЦѯ˳õĻ˺һŹ˵ɯĴ飬ǴС÷Լȳ֮ǾͽΪ¡ϧǣոճ겻ã͵һˡӴʱ޿̵Ĳ˼ÿζμӰΪټЩһֱѰɻΪ֮ժ˿ԸԸһԸһҵΪֻȵһ죬ҾٺͲɯ˭֪ȴˣҲ˯кͲɯһˣһǾȻҵξ״飬ػôõɻˣҵĲɯҲˡ
˵ĻѾżַտ
ֺ䲻ܶȴ໥һ񡣰ΪΣû뵽޳òôǸ֮ˣ֪غĶ˵ʲôҲּġ
Ͳ仨ôħκ˵Ը


562 ʱ޵

ҪҪԷֿĵǸŵһЩɶģԴ˺õõԷԭ¡
Ȼƻδʵʩɹûһ߼аЦһҵķߵãȲɯƯòһ㡣
˼ӿһϤͷüʣʲô
Էע۾ʵ˵أ
ſңǲǹҪժǻġ
˵Щʲôãû˲ɯǾɡ
ҲŲҪһ뵽Ҫֻͷųļһɹͺ޲
ޱıʹǰ¡΢΢ŭ˵ɲѡ񡣡
Ĵ顣ҧ´šüһڵϲܶɢŲСơ
֪ѪζǻҲʹֻҪβܰС
Цĳɨ˹Ҳסļϳ˵㲻˵һˣҪõĴ֮ǰҿɵȽ鷳
˵꣬˳־ͰһҬӴСʯͷɭ鳯ƽ
ҪҪֿҪʲôֹ
ԷȴһѹͲĻϣдɥĲ
һ뷢ȫҲЧؿ˿˿ʹУ˵ˣ̧۷ҲûС
˷ˣ ƨˣ۱¶ôݣûиʱҲָ
ˡ
Ҳ֪ԼǳˣԼлĻᣬֻǰϣܺúõġֻһǡ΢񳯶Է
ּ˲ۿתһֱŻ޲Ҫ˺
ȴðΪ飬뵽ϾҪΪԼĴȴԣܲʹ졣
ģɱһúչϾôĴҲ̫ˣһҵȥϧ
䣬޾͸߸߾еʯһĨԹĺɫʯͷ𽥶׼ԴָߺšͬʱҲֵı۾
Ҳ֪ԼڽӣƽҲֻܵǾĿŰ֡Ϊܾ֮ҲˣҪһο
˭֪ȴȴٳûг֣ѵǼһķ֣׼Ҫһ
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563 ͵Ϯ

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һĲҽУһСɽ˵ϣ˻ûһѪ
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ᣬɲǵĻ㱡ҡҡͷͳϵȥ
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޵֪ܶͰѰִӵϹĶСģĿҲƬ̵Ĳ롣
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ĶᣬỮĶͷΪ˵㷢һʿںǻһС
ֲŵĿһĻֻԼСֱһĨ޵ĻƴӸǰ͵ĴܹġΡű˲ơ
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һûлҪĻȻϷҪ
Ȼ֪ǰһܿܲǶֻ֣ҪԷ΢ģͿС
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ŷֽ໥ѾԼСɵ˴ӿ޵һԾĺ󱳣׼צĺԡ
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צûü£ϸβ;ͱ޺ݺ׽סס޷һĲҽУһתоԼɨһڵϹ˺üȦ
Ķ
תβְͣĴɲʱ߲ϴ߹ǶѻѾʵ
ޡ֨֨Ĺֵֽ꣬ʹԴķ໶ĺ
ΪĿ˶֮ġ
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ЦʣԷ͵ĵͷԴǳģȻҲóڻϴ
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ǿŻƲӲë޵ͷ­ҡͷµıʾĻڹʹ࣬ϵŵѪҲǴġóο޷ӦҲ˶á
Ȼһ˵ӣ޵ţĪһŰСĸоȰ˵޵²罫˵ˡߣȴɫµĻƤڲѸת͸ʼɻʱһģһ
ԤеԺ󣬹ȻֶԷŬβ޵µ沿һﻵʹôеսľĺСģҪƭˡ
⻰ŸոأԷβ;͵ǰȣβһһĨɫӸ߿˳


564 ռ

ڿǰע⵽˰ֵɫ仯ӦʮּʱǼһͷų֮ʽˤ˳ȥһֻæס˱ӡ
ſзɢǳʱ壬ͳͷİֺͬʱס˺
ۿֻޱˤ˵ϣѪ˳ĴĶƤ֫εĳ鴤룬Ҳˡԭթֶ񶾵˫Ҳ̼ʧȥйʡ
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˶ĵĳζӿɢȥ󣬰ֺȻܶԴںˡ
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˵գֵ˰ֵĸǰ
ָֽͣϸ°ʹĿʣô
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⡪
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գգۣձǹĵط˲ޱȣڸʲôյĺ仰
˵Ӷˣ˵ôССˣɶġڣǰһʧ޵£ϲɣİҲɣôԼأһǵ档
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ģڰⶾ
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ָżϴһ˿ͷ϶ˣæ󺰵ƭˣڽⶾռұˡ
û취࣬û˵ֻ̼㣬ѪҺתֻҪһ㺹ܽųø죬õҲ졣

޵˵һӣֵҲǽŽɣֳ˹ȥ
û˵ҲûߣֻǳĬĵͷ
˵޵˵Ķ滰ˣȻƢ϶ԼҪûгУ˵Ͽķ
ⷽãǡ
ֻǾЩϣϾڿ޵°ֲĿޣɣ˻

ǻûսʤԷĴȴĵĸ ģģһΧĺȴЩ
㡭
Ÿһ˿ϢĻᣬֱסˡǵûСģǳĲ࣬ɺƳζԽĸڴˣʼͷȴܷĴݣԵȲ
ڸſǻʱһʧ
ǡ˿޴û䡣
ǣǿ
ԷҲҲ棬̲סͷҧҧ⣬ȻҲҧֻ̫Եһ
Ǵʹмûһ飬ʶһˮĴ۾һίĿŶԷ
ɿ˿Դ֣ӳһһķֿǴմԼľӨĭЦֳĹ˹΢ıӣˮ˵ʲôأôǶ档
۸ú˵İֿϷʵĽۿ΢ķʣ㵽˭
ڲҪ
ʲôҪ
ǿĻشֹЦȻǰⶾ
˵꣬ҪѹֻҵĿĿգæֵ˶Էϣ󺰵߿ҪĴӡ


565 ̫ɻ

⣬ѳԣҪǶ׽Ӹ㡣
ѴĳʳĵĿޣ˲˰ֻ˼
ֹ˵ͷףҵֺܶˡ
һָؽڣԼĿԶˡֻϰԶһǺ°Щľ
˵䣬Ҳվɫȥ̫⣬ĵطǶָ
ߵ޸ǰһ°ļ͸һְֶѶϢлֵܡ
޻εЦ˵仰ҡ
չִԣȥŪԵ˵գͷҲصľתˡ֮ߵҼһҲΪĶˣǲʱ̳䵱ǵĵڡ
ԶֶСںڵͷǲǺҪϰɡ

˵һ룬ԷѾɷ˵İ˻ƨȵϡ
㵽Ҫ
㶳š˵ø棬㶼ûпЦӡ
ֱֵðβűŤԷſˣҵȺԶˡ
ģ
޲ŵĵͷһۣԼ˫ڷֿͬʱҲʹðֵȴ˿
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Ϊ޵ڱƣ˴˸Сʱӣֱ߳ܵ
ģſҰҪȥȫǱͷץĻӦŶԷ
һˤô죿Ҫٵһ
޵ûôֻ࣬һĶԷ塣
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֪ȴ֪Ĺǰ쳤ӣһʳĴյߵҧط
Ϊɶ̬Լϸӵ˼ҧ
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֪һϲɾҪ¿ڵĵط϶Ҫ̶ȡ
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ֻ˶Ұãһ˰ĶŶ˵ơ
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˵꣬ûĳ޵µһۡǼһȴûƵģӣһ޹ֵĿ
Ӷţ˷ɿİë˻ѡ
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Ŷ
Ӧһ䣬ͻеߵߣϸһѡԱߵλùԹԶ¡
лһĨȻ˿ɬЦ⡣
ҾǰԹĿ
޵ĻٴΰΪԭԼҲ͵ѽ
ȡǸ㡭ô
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ѣһ·׷Ѱǵζ͸ˡ
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˵򴽣رųΪô˵ˣʱҲûʲô
ľᣬԵõ̹Ȼߵġ
Ϊʲô
ǲǽɣϧһеҪס˵ɣǺҪġȻҪΪʲôҪߣ


566

ɻţǿƽ⣺ѵ㻹û˭
һ󼤶ŵ򴽣Ѿ֮ȴǲŵĶ
ûĿ޻ˡ˵仰ʼձƽȴɬڻˣΪػߵƺҲڶˡ
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ޣŴͣҴԼ̫ǰʵ
֡Գ΢Цܾúܾǰһôˣüۿ
ǿޣ
š
϶ĻشǰһסҶһ󣬱һᣬ͹ۿ
ⲻѹˮǱ޴ϲͲ˼ˮ
ޡޡޡ
ţء
Сһһһĺ֣˲ͣĴӦ⣬ȥίѹ顣
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ޣҺ㶼úõģһһӵġ
һΰɣҼǵǰһԸܻصҵߣһʲôɻˡ˵ĶģɻʵԸҵ
ͷҲΪ˵ǵģ񲻻ƫÿˡ
㻹ʧ𣿲Ҫ뿪Һòã
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޵ͷȥ۽ǵᣬֽ뻳еģⲻΣһ㣬Զ㡣
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һ㣬ǿֲڵı飬ֵĽԷƿˡ
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뿪ʱʲôҲǲ޵£յѡҲɣôһգͱԭĿޣ
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ŻȻ
ô˵ѾǺüˣգŻӨˮһȻĳʻǵöԷ޲ڱһڡ
š
ޣǰϿӰҲ𣿡
ǡ
ÿҹ͵͵һῴҹ¶ȵͣ캮
ЩҰζҲĽ
ĬϵĵͷΪ֪ʱΪչֲԼȥ׽ЩʳǹԹ͵ǰ
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ĬȻףһӯԭǲĴǿĵطػ
ѹˣҲã㱻Żˡ޿ֿޣæüͷǰ
ȴֺݺݵؿһȻһֱڣΪʲôΪʲôҪڰǲϲǸȸŮԲŹұܶôá


567 Թ

Ŀߣֱԩ
ֲ´ҲͼӴ׵ʣŪðһ´øˡ
ؿ䰤ŴȴĽҲϳΪҾΣΪҵʧ䣬˳ҵңԸҡʼղڰ͵ǣʵ㶼÷ˡ
ҪȻĻΪ˲ûкƤ˵ڡ
ͨͨް㣬Ҳ𣿡

ֲ˵Թִһ¡֪һԺȴޱȻϲġ˵øлֻǣµ֪˼ҹˣʵߡ
֣㻹𣿡
ް
ɫһȴں油䣺ΪʲôҰѹôá
ҡ
ˣЩԺ˵ɣִ㲻ͶԵ㶫һ鿾ý۵ݸ֣;뵽ʲôֵˣһȽͷ޳ɡ
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ĵͷпڣһʱЩ̫ϰϸΪ
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֪⿨ǿµռֿʼˣ˵ʲôԼõֵܣ˵ʲô飬޷ǾִƲϵѵף԰ֺãԼ˽԰ֺãκ˶޹صġ
ϧʲôأεȷʾԼûŮ֮飬һԸ
ûп޻һ˿ڿѾվߣҲˡ
֣⡣
һ˺µմЩϻݵϣƵ¶ȹ߻΢Ĵ˴䡣
š
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ߵʱ¶ҵҩ࣬ǳѵõĶ˵˿Чɡ
Сˣôǿ׳òЩ޲ŲԸأǾáŰƤۣԺһʲôʹҩó
ѽҩΪʲôãѵͲ˿ϵøһ𣿡ֱν̬Ҫֿڡ
ܵ˾ҩʵ̫ˡ
ֵϸҩҲë𣿡
ҾͲϡ
Уϡ
ǿӲĸԼ˵ֵƢҲˣһǱϲɵӣ˼ĸҹļơ
޶ʱЦԭҲô׵ʱ򣿡
˷˵ǱƵġ
һǲҧղ
ԿոԼ˵ҪҧˣһﻹϴɾĲҪһ
ȿȡҿҪȳԶɣЩ˿ɾֽӲ̫ҧ
Ŀö˵Ի⧲һ¾ð˺üʣ˭ĶΪʲôҪⲨ˵Ĺ
ҲڳԷҪüִ˵Ǹɹļһйһݺݵҧһ⡣
ƫƫʼٸ߻֪ĴչĹĵСһϧ˵Ե㣬϶ûˡǰɰͶˡ
Ҫܡ
ȻҿΨһԣҲ˭ܣ
ߣ


568 ȡλ

Ժ˾ԭϢ
èһɵ˯ڿ޵ĻУӳ˵ģ̵ֳĽëɿĳϸ΢ĺɽȴɢķ硣
ôҵĽʵţҲ˯ˡ
ڶ죬˼򵥵ϴϣͿʼ滮ȥ·ߡ
ֺ߰ͿޣӱȥһֱźǴɭִֵ·̡
޳Ĺ۵㣬ΪϤϾǰ˴ԣػôΣȻ֪·ġ
Ǿֱɣһ·ǧСġ˵仰̾ԼĵǷ̫ˣô˵Ҳǿ޵ĵؽˣû˭ܱõı֡
㲻һ𣿡֦ŵϵǿģ⻰վһ˫ˮ۾ɵϴ󣬳˲˼顣
ǰô궼ûлȥˣеĳҲʱ㣬Ͳȥǣ
Ҳ֮ȴҡҡͷˣ ڻʱ򡣡
ǡ
ִһ·ҺܿģҲ֪Զҵһ죬һף޵ġ
ллڱͿȸ䷢һϵ飬ֻпޱȡһжһ㣬ϲбп࡭оɢԼô飬Ϊ֪һĥֻоĥˣŻԽǿ
ʶ㣬ĺܿġ۾ޱִš
΢ЦͬͷҲǡ
ҿٱһ𣿡
˵ƽɣȴ˵Ժŵȭͷ
΢΢һ漴΢ڵֱ˵ĻѵʽһĹӵ
ܳĽסǳɫＤһĨĶ
ԱԽԽڵ£Ƿſ˱˴ˡ
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ġǼһĻҲ˵ˣҲˣĪһڰɣ
ըͷҪˣһ˫۾һɨȫһ·ƴһеչ֣ĸмǸ֣ȴ֡
˵
ŴĻӦÿ˲ûƢֻǿοԼһϾҪˣһҪҲûʲôǸ̫֣һ
ϴ˵ҵ̸ɰֵ黹𣿡
㰡ô㣡
ģǰһ뻹ǵʱüЦΪӵװֶˣһҲҪ޹ϵĸɰˡǣֲˡ
ţȽǳһ㣬ҾͰ˵֪ףҸ⣬ǻһˡ
ãǵٳЩҾԹȥǡ
һ뵽ᱻ̵ִˣĵĸеԺ
ҪڻûһΪ޲ھȥֵĺӡ
ʱӭ
ֳѺõЦЦҲ

ڸ˵𣬱뿪ˡ
ߵİҲͿ˫˫̡
޶ѾþûеһˣԷǳϧǰѵõʱ⣬˻ȥгҲٰŵǰҼ
ι㻹ڳԴףҲ͸һӵɣΪ˰Ҷûйء
ߺ޾һֱüƲ֣ʲôҲشĲɣֶҲƢ
ֻӵᣬһίͰ͵ĻӦ˵ûгԴףֻ֪ҲڵʱΪʲôҪ̵ĸɰ֣ȡλã
ʱʧȥ˼䣬˶Բ飬ģҲĹѪôҸ˾͵ǵİأ


569 뵽

ŹĽ飬Ҳչ˺̣ﻹǹȥ
Сͽӣɰôˣһǲ𣿡ֵ˵ɶԷڱŤʲô
Ǿһչ˲ĸŮԲԣ
𽥾ɥʧ䣬ʵ޷ΪʲôҪñ֮İ
ûǸ˼
ΪʲôҪң
˭˵ˣݸɰǼһϰס㲻֪ϼһ˵ಡ˰˸ɰ֣а
˵ĶģȻ˵ú棬ɿ޻мֲš
ֱֿ϶ĵͷȻģУɰֲҪȡλãǿǶ۰
Բ֣ԭˡ
࣬εĽ§뻳У°͵ͷг˿ǷС
ߣԲҵĵطأԺҪʾĳ
֪ھͻ
ɤƵĻӦЦڣҪô
Ÿ£ԷһĲĺһڡ
һУ˲Ľŵ״ܱȫ̫ûиܣͻȻһ վȡ
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ֱľٶŪߺʹ뽫ԷƿȴƲ
Ȼǻծ˵˵һ
յ˭Ҫôˣ
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ϸèһԭ²Ŀ޸ǼûѪҺ
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Ķߣһ૵˵˼
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΢΢ӣһ̵ʱҲһ
֪޵ԺжĶѹȻǣѡ˱Ůˡ
ййģٴοĳ֣Щͷĵ׵˼Ͱȴ糱ˮӿֳ
һԼ޵»ǿޣⱲӶ
ҡ
ļָһСǾһпѣĽȴǺõġ
ޣ𡭡
豧ӰϣȻϸеǴĶͷ鲼ؿڡԼ·չơ
̫˽ˣ֪ᷢʲôĵԷ°ͣкŽˮǸܻӭĳ˸ͷ
ǷֿôãѵͲ𣿡
֪һɲжõŵ˵ӽֺͷͷ˿ûһһ벻ġ
ֱֱ׵ʻŪúӵĻصҵȻ㡭ֻ
ۣһͷҰʧȥǵıԵƿֻʲô
ĺῴޱȵͺ;ᣬڰȴޱȵԸˡ
̲סǰֻᶯµȥȴ°ͰԵһƲջء
̻ڼеǻȥȵ˼ҡ١
İ̶֣ôã϶ҲŶһ졣
û̶һûйϵһ춼ûٵˡ

Ĺһ¾ϯضס̴ڻҪ¼ķš
һԳ֮󣬰ֶʱס˿޵ĻУԼŤŤѣԼعĳѩף֪ԼǿܲͷǡֻЭİͷԷܲҸһĵطУ̫񡭡
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˼ĻӦŶԷǰɽܣٶȣֱڸȿ졣


570 󿨳

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ڿ޵Ĳ£ѵĴ·վ·ƣʹκ
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֪Լᱻĥղ˵ʲôҲôӦ
֣ҪҪٸࣿΡΡСȣֻΪѵķǽףǽӣһձ籩ݲйĻ䣬ЩĪ̾ԼŲðҪôݡ
ǡǸʱ޷ơ
İĴ飬ôˣ̫ûԲŻ־档
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ǰҲ˵ģžһԴ󷢡
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һƨڵϵĸɲϣ޲һ˫ƶǰĶԼС¶İȸǰ׻һƬĳ˿ˮ
޶ͷƤ飬Ϊ˲ÿֲ鷢æתƶԷעޣʲôʱˣ
ޣ˰ɡ
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Ҳ˵ⶴ˴ʱ䣿Ȼ˾⣬Ȼһ֪ҲûС
ȥЩԵġ
ãҴİﻹһЩպϳ԰ɡ
Щʵĺóԣ
ֻص㰡ԱǾ͸·ؼҡ
̧ͷ˹˵һ죬ҪЪϢһߣ
СҲ;ܾˣҪߵĻ϶Ҫһ޶Ҫ
̫˽⿨ˣ̫õֻҪһ˿ᣬ𱬷
Ǻðɡĳڨڨתĸȡ˳ߵǰ£ĸιʳ
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ʨĿŰһ·ǰУһһ޾κֱҵķ
Ѿ֮أ ҲǺ֮ء
Ϊ˻صԲһС
󡭡
һ·ɱڵִ˹塣
˵ߺȺ£ֹҺ۵ĸоò˵ǷǳůģǰκεطҪ̤ʵ


571 δϣ

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С£Űְȴɲϲ֣˭ȥЦűؼտţС³ʮֽƯ
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ûںӣʵڿǷ̫ࡣιһҪúò
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ʵ뺢üˣᶼۿתɯҲְο֪һ¾Ǽ̣ѾĪٱˡ
˵䣬־Ƽ˴ԶĪ١
۽һɵްɰŮСŮŰɫƤȹںڵͷڼϣԲԲӳһƯС˫γĴ۾ϵǰһһķŹ⡣
ʱ֪Īٸ˵ʲôСѾͷĵġЦ¶ļСֱҪ̫ɰ
£Ů
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ĪЩԣ۵űĶƺרҵֵ̰ķḻ顣
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ʶˣұһ¡˵ۿٴη˺졣
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ôֱּܱҪըˣԼŤͷͿޣǿһ֣ĴָЦտ˵˿޵Ļ
ǸŮѪҲ̳ӡԱ˴˻ĵиС
أԽ˵Խѹİֺݺݵĳһ۵㣬Ҫһˣ
񣬼ǷĸŮˣޱӶһЦ̶ڱһ£ֵͷĶ˵˼ָĻʱ²һ¶ֺĳ衭
ڰֻ޴ϲʱСһѾ쳤źҪĻꡣ
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ĺڿˣûʲôҸġ
ޣո˵ʲôôͻȻˣ
ֲף⺢ϵµһ⣬ôôֵĻǸĸһ㡣
̣İ衣
ö𣿡ֶűˣΪЩ׵ԣôСĺôᶮ
ɯԺЦȻֻҪѪͳĺӣ
ֲá
ҵҲ̫ˣôСѧԣ
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ɯ˵ϣ֣ɫ˲Ͳ̫ÿˡΪ֪Ů˳˷ܣûбô˵ǽµδϣʵǷܵĹߡ
Уȥúúø˵˵ǴŮ⡣


572 ۵㲻ͬ

˻ؼԺ󣬼򵥵ʰһӡϾﲻҲңɯ̶ڻǴɨ
뵽ѾܾûгԵķˣڳæ˺ܾá
޵ţδߴȥϢϡ֮£ֻñűһԱߴ֡
һڵΧ̨ϣҲܰҸΨһвǽ㲻ڣ֣ܳǼһְɡ
˰һįֻܰοӶڣͿղæˣʱӵæ
ֲԸԼ˸еӰʱ÷ΧװĵЩź
úܷʢ³ԵҲܿģڲ࣬ĺӣԷʲôѾҪȥιԼͿԺܺõĽ
극һͰˮŮһ˸ˮ衣СſϲͣĵˮŪͷʪˣòֺģҲ֣ȥˡ
ϴ裬ѾƣûǿޱŮҺ˰죬ſϰȻ˯
ѺӷŵСϣŵĻصֵߡ
һӣ۵İ§뻳Ƕͷˡ
ࡣΪӵĸףӦõġ
黹ǽҰɡ
ḧ㷢硣
Уķóԣġ
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ڹ鲻ڣ˾Ҫһĸ׵ְ𡣡뵽һŮѾһûмˣ־ͺ޲þһȥǡ
ðɣҲԼףɢζ˷ޱȡ§ԽԽأҲԽԽȡ
뵽ǰɽһĻֻѪӿһںѩĲӣ˱ģ͸С졣
֪Ƿǰףݵ
飬ø첲ţݺݵİԴһߡ
֣һлҪ˵
춼ˣʲô˵𣿡ƣӿⰵڵҹƽ֯һƬ˭׹Уѡ
У¹Ůڲ˵ǾͶҪ˯
ðɣ˵
ǿӲֻǿ̳嶯һЭĲͷϵĶ仹ǲ̫ʵȴոǰʧء
־ϲǸҪֵòļɫģǹѻ˵̵ģ޾ű꣬ʱЦЦ֣ҵ˼ˣҰǵ̵δϣǾòһǻҸõȥѡ
𣿡ѵԼ˼壿Ů˳Լ⣬ǺN˲ͣ˽䷱ܷ·ûҪˡ
ǰҿ޵ĺӣû˭ұκԸ顣
ǵҲǡ

ʲô
һ٣ĻԼɬһϣѰҶԱӻ
ʲô˼ǴǵĺԺN𣿡
һͲˣȻԶΪ˷Ҳܹ⡣ɴӹһصĴͳŮԣڱ˿⣬ԼŮֻϣһһ⡣
ˣҪףӵжǵɫҪõ̫ˡǺǴҶϣиǿ׳ȥǡ
˼ҾһԲǺãھͳȥʮ˸
ֱⷬþҪ´ŸһȿգͱԷۼֿĸ˻ȥűȦ˻Ӱġ


573 ģ

ߣҴ˻𣿡⻹ǵڶθְ죬뵽һβɲصı磬κʵľȵͷϴ
ˣϴҲࡣ
Ҳ֪ԼģôôҲһ
Ҳ˵ûҵĴô㹴־гȺӵޱԵ ôû
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ڻСЩ黹õԼǲҪżиõѡѵҲǿӲǲɢ֪ģ᲻ίˣһҲô
ҲôºҪѡ£Ҫǿֹ𣿰һõһǿѹϣǲǲ̫ƽ
ŮͲͬһ̸˵ÿ춼һ鲻רĵӣ־úò
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һ±Ƶʣʲô۲
ո˵Ǿ䣬ð¶֤
ʵ
ǲǲı֡ҾãһԶԴһһ⣬ҲͬȥԴתͷ͸һˣǾ͵ڹ˼ҡ
ԡ־ңұİҲΪ˲𣿡С⣬˲жۿʪŻڶСʹס
ſ˵ЩסûУԺҪֻ̣豣İȫɡ
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ãԺҶġ
ĸһֻѰһ£ôһϸѹأһʵޱǿļһС
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˵ĻһֱšǡڿԿʼ𣿡
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ĳ˺ܻĻش𣺡㡣
ۡ
ûϵһ˶
쵰ÿܲܲҪ
ӣҪ˼ַˣʱֺܾò㡣
֣
ԼûǵӣǼǵҲ֪ΪΪԼ

䣬һʳĶͰѰָѹ£һŸմӴͱԷûŨŨ˳С


574 СŮ

صҲƽмܰ
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ÿСʲôʱȥʱ־ͻȻĸߺӣˡ
ʵӵԺͺÿ޴ȴһȻȴرԲӦһȥ
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ڷˣͷĲõĴֱ̫˵Ķůˡ
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СǸ˷ޱȣΧŰֵļǰһ໽вͣ
ҪڶʮһͣһӱһȺܰײҰм䣬ǸǺε˴ĿĵĻ档
Ǵ˿ڰֿȴаˡ
СϻſڵϣƴͷСµĶӣССƵſϣԷǰצҡڵΧȦɰСӺСܸĽˡ
һҲŹſڵСԼСȴϷָָͷĴ˼ϵ
Сϻ˲伱ذ
СҲû츳ͱôԴײ쿪뽫ϵĹײϧСϵĹ˿Ϊ
ʱСӿ׼ʱ֪ԼֵĻˡתβ¸ǰ˸ȣԾԱһʯϣǰһ죬Ƽĳ嵽֦ϷһִֺҰסһ˺֦ڣͳ˵ĴԾ
͸˵Ĺŵ¸ǰСһСͷ­С˲˵ƵȦڼǵĳСܺСϻβ͡
С˲ܵĴ̼һײĶԽԽһ޷ȴʹ˻üζϵһͻȻˤ۵áءҽУȴ
ԱĿֱв̣ЩС޶ǻδεĺӰΪԼŮĻĲϧ˺壬Ҳⲻȥ
ٿԼŮֻͷҧǼС޵ƴȫܲˡ·ֻҪ˭ʳ˭ܲһЦһЦȴʹЩСǲһеͷ­Ѫ
ֶʱȥˣֻԼŮھһö׵ŮŸС޶ĺãȴרһˡ
ȻС̫ЩǳȥȻһϰߡ
ϰЩСǵȡ󣬳ͻЩ˽һ
Уֹ
ʶԺæߵСµĸǰ׼ؼҺúý
ǰŲŸϾøС޵ı
ȻٻףЩһʲô
ģѹʧ
ͷ˿ȻЩСǼҪС´ߣشĿʼл
ͷСӣﻹһöСڣڿҪߣѹöᡣ
Ǽֱˡ
ŰŮʵ̫ˣҪŮʱ⼸һȴñܡ
˵һԼѰҪŶԣ


575 Ϸ

ʱˣֱŮһΪѵӣʱǰѯ
ֿЦõĽ龭֪˿ޣޱ޵뷨֣ۣͽĺӽ˹
ƵĵһۿʣЦøɵһ˵д𣿡
˵ĵȻûҲûʲôԡָָЩСޣֵ̺ãһǷĸԸġܽܣһǳģ㲻ܣҷʧѹ
ǡⲻһ
ʲôһģ̾ǹƯȻϲ˵꿨޻ԺڱұպһڡһֱԱߵȺС޸Ľʡ
±ˣҲòڿһǣν
⿴ԱߵСǽһҪˣĵĿȱ顣
á
ּСڰֻҲûаڹ˼ССԺء
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ΪҶûмСʱӡ˵ţԴ
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һ˵һϸ׾ָڵأʿǹϵֱ
ֿṥƣҪȥԷȴŲãֱһһָͷ
ԱߵС޽۾ɵ󾳽ΧۣڴĦѧϰһ汦ı·ĸԱߵĻݶԭ
ֺЩһѧ˽·ԼŮ־Ͱѿ˦תŭ˵ͳɣ軵Լ𡣡
ޱֹķӦŵΪСˣæǰģô仵
ּǶЩС޿ı飬 ƴ忨գ˵ܲܲҪ̻ǣЩС޻Сģˡ
ԭڵû£ֻҪ˵һ䣬ǲŲҴ̵⡣
ҪŻǣ֪ΪʲôС޶¿ޣΪʨе壬㻹ΪǰδԴһ־η֮ġ
Ȼأ
̵ֲǻСӰ
ǿɶޣʲôСС˶ܲ𣬽ô飿
ǲҪи취
ʲô취
ͷһ㡣
ޡ
޽̵ֻһߣİͷ˹ȥ
ֵؿڣżҧסĲӡ
Ȼû˵ҧҲôһڡ
޻ļѪ죬ԭӡڵСޣҲҪķ
֪Ұ⣬ƴסе˵һ䣺֡⻹档Ļڻؼҡ
ʲôأǼװҧ㣬ֻС֪ŭڵñֳʹܣЩСһףոյֻʵ䷴ԺͲ·Ǳ

еСʧѵôȴΪ˸ϷǰС쵰
ѽ
ޡŶš
ְ۷ʵʣһ𣿡
ôǲҽлǽC
Ѿˡ
ĳ˻ƱţΪĸо̫ˣҲвֺܲҵĸоֱּϷҧȥһҽвŻƳա
СǶʱ״޲ŵŤͷӴܡ


576 ί

㶨
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ۿޣž׵ļȴҧһӡδѪӳݺ۵ɵ˺ҲǲС֪ģС˶ƤĿ˵ֱֵһᡣ
˻~~~~~~޳ҧ˵ĵطһί˵Ҳ̫ˡ
˭ݲġ
˵ҲЩˣֲ
ʱȴСŴŴ𣺡֣𣿡
ŮĵĿתĵͷ˵ۡ
Ҹ˾Ͳˡ
лл̡
䣬СһſȵӣɰСڿ޵˿ڴĺ
ԼŮֱۣûȸҸ¡º̫ѿˮ˿ϣҲԼұĿˮģһζ
軵
Сһ갢ֵˣھָԼİ衣
֣
СûĵģԼΪãҧĿޡͷ˸Լǡ
޻ڱ۵ϲУһ̧ͷͿ˰ϵίæŮСֵ̿ɲ˵軵ҪĵŶ
ոҧ˰֡
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Сһ˲һƶǶı飬ֵϲ裬ҲҪҧҧ
ѾһẈ̂붼;ܾǲУҧ۰ġ
趼ҧ֣Ϊʲô̲ҧ裿ǲǲϲ̣
ޣ
֣
£ءְǲǲϲ̡ء
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ϽС˵Ļȴöٴ뽩֡
ҪҪûа㡭ء
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ҲֻǾǰûƭ̣˼ҲˣҪҧԼҲΪ֤Ƿݰѡ
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ô죿֪ŪᣬͲˡ
޻ɣС£ò˶ͻ
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ǵÿʲô̱һ˵ί£Ǿίһ°ɡ
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С£ӡӡӡӡӡˣӲӣ֣˳ҵתע


577 ɯ̵ķ

˺һۼ̫ɽűߡ
ߵ·ɯ̣˵仰ּصģÿȴ뿪Լ˵Ự
ֽ㣬ҸÿοҶĽ
ֱĻֵôĪѵ㲻ãҪ۸㣬˵ÿȥѵѵ
ûУֽˣĪٶͦõġĪٱɯæŽ͡
ЦЦ˵ȻƵóã㿴㣬ǰԲˣžи
Ϊ˵һ룬ɯ̺Ȼѹǻˡ
ΪʲôּĦڶƤϣзĸȵĹâش󾪵ʣòб˰ɣ
šɯصף̧ͷֵĿϲӵġ
ۣ˲ֵúϲ£죬벻ųСҲҪˣʵһܵ顣
ɯСӦŸвá
Ī֪𣿡
֪
Ϊʲôߣѵ׻гǱȽΣյ𣿡ϾĴֻҪУһԶʮСʱչˣµľ̺ʹиʲôʧ
ߵӣɯ̽˵ûġ
Ϊʲô
ΪЩ뵥ֽ㡣
ң
ԡ
գ۾ɯ̹Ȼ£ĵʣ⣿£Ȼۣ˱ԺоҸҲ
ɯԥ˺һŶ۾˵ֽ㣬ҲۣҲֻǡ
ɯǵĹϵ׽һˣ㻹ʲô˵𣿡
һֱµģֹӦҲ򵥣ɯ̼
ʵ˵˰ɣԴһԺĪپҶոǡ֪ոĺѣҲǷ˼ֻĪ٣ϣе˲Īȴ˵Ѱұİ£βҼԺ˱˱ˣʱҵԻͲôˡ
ͬĵͷ˵Ī˵ûŮ˺ӻкܴ仯ġ
ɯ̷ʣֽ㲻Ҳû𣿡
Ϊֻпް
ҲһֻĪ١


578 ѡ

⻰ܿģѵҵһԼһȽרһŮˣֵʵĪ٣Ҫʲôոѽǰӿûй˼ҪܸɪֵܣмŪôķ粨ֵЩζɯ̴ʱĸܡ
ѾĪ˵ˣ˵ס
Ϊʲô
ǰһ壬ֽ㣬ڻûĸֻѡһλ԰¡٣Ƕҡ
ֵͷ˵ͬǱָûĴʵ̫٣̫ѳ
ֻһ㣬֮Խ󣬵ҲΪǼ˷ܵΡ
ÿŮԴȨҲǱؾ֮·ǸϲӣǾ͵ͬһߡ
ҲôãϲӻῪĿ֣ϲӼֱһĥĪȴңھܾոǣȵ˽һڡ˵ҲΪҺãҽڡ
գЦ˻ֵͦģһ쾻ŸԼñͷϲһƬԭòǰɡ
ֽ˵Ҷ㣬ں𣿡
ʲô
ôֻпһԣѵԶãﰮ⣬ûһĶ
˻һ
Լ˿⣬˺ܶܶˡ
ԶĲ˵ľɪֵܶҲǿΪɫõѡĶûй
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ֽ˼㲻ڶ𣿡
Ȼ޶ҺܺãҳңҿñʲôҪܸϣⱲˣôܻڣ
һ𣬿ȻҲ㣬㻹Դӱøĺǻ۰
ǲУ޶һһ⣬ôĶ⣿ͺñĪһ˵ϲ˱Ĵ飬ǸһӦ𣿡
Ȼܡ
ıģͶˡ
ӵжλǴȨ
ȨƽȵģֻΪϡȱ˴ԴĲغ顣ɯ̣һݲµڶ˵ġоǣ˻ţֻҪԼ˾ͺãҪʲôźͱһõһףδؾͻԼġ
ˡɯ˲ĵͷԭıҲͨһ㡣
ôѡ񣿡
ҰĪ٣һֽҵĻ˵ףҲڡ


579 Ϊ

ʡ÷Ⱑ÷⡭æ۷ҲæСæŰҲæöĸƱ紵壬ֶˡ
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質ӣСЦտ˵ֻУСͿʼϷ
ôôˣ
׼ͣ鲻ԼҲź
£
ɯ̸˵ʲô
㡣գ۾⳯һЦȴ˵ԭ
ޱֵƤӴ̼еĻƾͰԵק뻳ȥ˵˵˵˵
ܲסֻܽЦŽ£Լȥ棬Կ޴ħͷͣĵ˵˵Ūˣ
޷֣ͣŵЦ·ʾĸ´λҲˣ
ޣ̫ˡֱԹĵһԽԽ㡣
޷ǿʶԼ˵ģԺ֮䲻ܣȨ֪ɯ̸ո˵ʲô
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˵ÿ鶼ҪѡλػֻһҲǺúõ𣿡
㲻һҿ޵Ĵ飬ӽԺҲֻһ˵ġȻɯ̲ͬ
ˮһɣʲôһҸŮˣԼİһһ⣬ΪʲôҪΪ˱ҪܴУǵ£οҪΪأ
޲̿ģֻҪһͻԼĴ§֣ûҪΪɯ̣ҲûҪΪκˡǴżǰǵԸҴӲǿֻǡĴʵ̫٣һֻһ£Ƕ˵δһֲɹĴ
ҡּ˵棬ȻǼԼĵ뷨־ЩԲޡϸһҲǣԼҪһһ޴ͳԼǸʱŮı̫ʧ⣬ÿڼҲøκͿһУƾʲô޷ƾľܹܣܹ
һҲҪܣҲôǸһԴʳ
֪𣿾Ϊһ仰жٸԻΪ
˵ֻôͷɥô죿һ˵ˣܲɯ̸ıɣ˵ɯ̾͸һҲòġ
һ֪ӣ޷ǵ᲻ֹ֣ιıӣô죿Ϊ˲ɯΪѣҲֻΨһһ취ˡ


580 ı

ʲô취Ϊ뵽ȫķӣת˵ĳѯʣȴ͵һڡ
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ҵĴֻ㣬пұˣ˱ˣ
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İ§ػ˫ָο˳ͷں㷢Դȡֵӣǵûа㲻ģޱá
ǰԼΪԵķɴףһֵԼģоرˬ
ֲֵס޵黰ƣֻĻСֹԽԽ˵ˣҵҲ֪滰ǻԡ
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İɣҲ£һҪһء
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ŮڿޣʶľͽԼϵĿƿ˲ǺµҺҵһ¹ڣһߵĵʵôˣ
ͬҲ󣬽ͫδһĨѪ̰ζһ뵽̣˻̽ѵƤȹϡ
۰ŪҵͷصĻӦ˵֪𶯣ȥ
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ﲻ߰裬ƣǲóҧˣ
ͣҡͷ޵涣СָұߵһֻСֲͣۡ
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Ǽ˸ϸϸҲûֻ첲а˵ĺۼöҧĺ۶ûС
Ȼʼ޷ŪΪʲô޵ôѹ۾˽㣬ᶼСӣ˵װģ˭ҲšңôСĺǲƭˡ
ô£ֿӿ޳ԼְﲻæҲֱ
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ôСһô˵ͷ˵ͷҲһ˶ûС
ôһ˵ҲˣŮܣԼȥ


581 󱦳

ڶ˶޷ҵԭʱ򣬱ͻȻֲˡ
û˶һԼ˯ҡҡȥŰָƵƤż߸˵
ϴĻЦϻδɵۡ
ֺͿǲΪʲô
ֻ𣿡
ִչȥְѺӵƣոĵطҲûκηӦ
СɰҡҡͷʾԼּۣСߡ
һı鿴ޣͬҲͷԡ
£ǷĲ٣ѰԼǰΪᡣ
ôַĲµֿ˿ܾЩԾ
ްο˵ۣҲ̫ţӦֻСѡ
𣿿ҾñոյӲǼٵģĺʹѹ
޸ͬĸоΪ˲̫ģֻ˵ЩĻ̫ࡣ
Ҳˣŵжôʹ
֪ûˣ¡
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ƴҡҡͷû޵İοãɫԽѿ
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˼ͬʱѿڶһ֣飡
ˣһˡԭֹסһӯۿץס޵֣Ҫץסһ޷Ķ
֣侲һ㡣Ҳʶһ㣬ȻҲңȴǿ򶨡
ΪԼһңֶȻʧء
˫ӣ˵ģǽӦ¸ղ֮ԻʹУһΪˣŻ޵ôѹڸӦڣҲûʹ˲Żûһ
ģϣӦǵģǵ̳¡
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֪̣̫ˣϢһ磬Ҿʹȥ𣿡
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֣ϣıǼһסǵĺӡ
ϣȷӦǺ֮ںûж֡
ҰֻˣӦûΣգܸӦġ
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ϾĸŮģӱ˵ܵشǵһƤĸ׵Ҳޱȡ


582 ճ

һ˯˱־˿޻Ŵ󱦵飬˯Ҳжలȡ
;˼ΣﱦǱ޵ߣǵĳ
űִﾪѣ⣬δǶͷ亹ȴܡ
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Ϊ¼㣬һѶҲϡ
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ǰֻǼ򵥵ĸ֪һˣģȴ֪ﲻæֻõǵĿ뿪
һУҲ͹ȥ˰µʱ䡣
һڵִﺣ֮
ȥһɫһϴˮε棬ʪζԶ˻һŽʯϷһɫ˻ɳ̲϶˴ģСģģģġԼι״ıǺݣǴȻҲǴ͸õ
£§Ű֣ǣźӵ֣һԼסġҡһֽ֮С
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ȻѾޱƣȴǿҡͷãһֵܼסȼȻҲġ
Ǻá
˵ֻܴһȥϣ
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ϰ취뽫ϣٻʹ˰ķҲûá
ô
ްĿŰֵ𼱣һΡ
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ֻϹްǰȻðҲ֪ûʲôġһƬĳ֣˵Ѿ˼ˡֻҪƬϵ飬֪
ǰܸ˵˵Ϊʲô𣿡
ˣæһǫ̬ǰѯʡ
Ư麰ǰܲڣֹ˵Լ꣬ǹŸճꡣ


583 ð

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ʲô£뵽ܺԼŮйأָ޵ı鶼
һǰϣһ½޴̣Ǵ̷ǳɰɣƬ˼û˭᲻ϲġ֪ϣ׼һ֮ĸ֯£ҹΡ
Щ޵İֶ֪پ˵̫£㰴಻סĴʣǼʲô𣿡
ϵĹЩõĪ˵ǡС̱ڴĿ¿ֽĳɳ˭֪һϣڣߵĺҲȻ̱˽ߣȻձϣְ˻ɴ̻ˣһܵĪľšϣһŭ֮˷籩˺̵ĺ޲˵Ŵ̾ʹ˳뺣ףԺǾҲûмλɰСˡ˵źǰСڵʱܻһүүںˣඣඡ
ּǻбİ취ԼϣǸ𣿡
ҡͷѡ
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ף⡭⡭ⲻϣߵǸСôУӣʱɴ۾˫ۣͧһ˹Ե൱˭С̵İɣǺ飬úţҪǸҴ⣬ϣһǻ뿪
չ޷ŭв֮ֲòǰͣȱˣ˵Ǹ˫˳һģһϣһǽ㣬áǵİ裬 ε˵ؾΪøӦ˽ˣҲԹ
ģ޽Žɵǰһ£ýϸһ̶Ȼĵͷ˵ǲ̫һС鿴ģôЦˣҲǳ۰
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޶żԥһ²ŵû´ĻϣӦѾȥʥأ˸ȥˡ˭ðմ룬Ȼ޷ų
ô
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ʵҲȫûа취һĿֱֱϡ˵ôôɰС̣ԸָĶĶȻ
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ҵһ˹ʡ
¶ɫ˵ЩðգΨһİ취
˵ɣֻҪܼ̣ʲôԸ⡣
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ްŻɫָ׵ĶָСŮ£ֵһ¾;תͷޣ޵Ҳ˼֡
оԣŵûæͣǲҪᣬҿûҪǺӵ⡣ֻǾãȫ̽ϣ˸ʹ벻ˡɴ̾Ͳһˣ鳤һģһҾܼϣȻԭίܴˡ 
ΪʲộǴһ𣿡޽ͫзΣյľ氵â
ŵӣεĻ˫۽ͣû취ҵֻ̫ܴͣһǱʱ仹̫˶ֻ׸
ΪʲôҪ㣿
Ϊңû˸Ҵĵ̡
Ͳ
Ҹϣн顣


584 »

Ϲ˵һֿ̹Ȼжĵӣ¹̣޻ʣƾʲôǣ
ΪҸһǸ̡ȻÿԼүүĳӵۣɲǸ̵ϲ
˶Ľ峤٣ȴ֪ǻж¶įΪ˲ʱôѰ˶ಿʱ䶼ѡߡ
Ҳʹ߸ѣֱС顣ɰϲ׽ȴƫƫϲĹԼκ
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仰ŵͷӦԣøңһһҪ೤ʱ䣿
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ô˵ˣܽɣҿԴӦκһ
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˵ţ޽ڵˣǵ±СһǲֺʱԲԸ뿪С첻˵ٵϸߡ
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һֻֽסָĦֱοģҪҡ
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ʱѾŵ˹޵Ĺ棬ƨµıЩͻţ뿪޵ͷĶֻǵＸ䣬ͰͬʱЦĶŰָ֡
źӣþȫ³һ͸ˮݣƯ˿Уһһ͸һ档
ֿһֻǰıѾıˣһݰСż
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һ˵ĹڵϣεĿźƽߡ
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޶ٴνӵ뻳УĶͷģзִ硣˵û£Ǽġ


585 

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ٵȵȡܿҲһ̶Ȳˣʱ˵ȣûбİ취
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ͬʱеǸСҲһѷľ羰žĺɫɫϸѩ׵ļ;ա
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ͺ񡭡ʲôǣǡȻȴһҲնϵġ


586 һʱ

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Ǹһ಻ĺӣʵ޷ݴʱ顣ǧֵǣǣңڼһ̶Ϊ޾顣
顭
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Ϊ֪ǰŮˣİ衣ϲ׽Ҳȥ˰ġ
ޣ쿴ǵŮҲôء
޶˰ԱߵλãοĵͷŮһֵֻǰֻСèһɼϣǲٴӺӵǷǼΪ⡣
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Ϊ֮ĸЩҷڵ顣
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ϣףҲن£תԾ뺣߲βѸʧ


587 

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֣ǻˣ
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λһ಻ĺѣҲ˷ܵͣﶯԷĴкɯð
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Ļô᲻㵱أֻ³򣬿̫ˣҲ´ŵϢԲû֪ͨ
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ɯƣ곤ø˶⶯񣬾ͷ·һģ̳ġ
ɯ˿ӣת֣̾һǰǷ׵֣˶ߵĿȴԽ˶ˣҲ֪ôһ¡
⻰˶ⲻѣһԵķЩҲûϾҪһ飬ǲɸĵʵڴҵĺҲṲͬһ˶ԴϸᣬڱϲøҲ޿κΡ
ϼһ˵Ǻ˭ߣӾͻơ
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԰㿴ҵ飬ǲǸϣ񣿡
ɯѸٳһۣƶѽ˵񣬻Ǹϣһģһģʲô
˵¶Ҳ˰ֵʹɫǰĵģ̿˭ҲףҲ֪ԸԸصҸߡ
չģӦûɡɯο
ģûоһĸ׵Σһôµ
ں˼롣ڻСòϵȻٳһЩͻһСңÿ궼Сסһʱ俴߻ôຣ飬ǲùµġ
ǡ
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Ըɡ
̫ģó緹ˡպжݣɯǲҲһðɡ
Ҳ̫ˣǸ˾ðԡ
ڰɯƨֻЦЦһٷѣúӸֿģνġ


588 

ɯſ¬ά˵Σվֵ˽ܡ
ߴң¬άѡĵΰ£һֻˮޣûʲôı£ȴҲڿ졣
͵͵Ƴһ˶ͷףɫ쳣͸˵Ķ԰ɯ˵˹ϲ
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šüͷٴѯʣôŶԵģ˵
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ոܿЩѿڵģôйⸯúζҲ̫Щɡû뵽Ҫľ֣⡭˿Цá
ſ¶ֲӣ̲סЦ㲻ǲǸõζǹζտʼǾóҪϰᰮ֡
ᣬⱲӶܻϲζζ͸ǰĳһš
ô˵㻹
Ȼǣĳ䲻ţôǱġȴԼģһ
Ϲ˵ˣȥժѿڵ
֡


589 ζޱ

һֹģֲСָ
ܲ𣿡һ뵽ôĴ飬ȻҪôĶЩӦ
̬ȼֵ˵УôζĶҿɲܷŹ
Ǻðɡ
Σ̵ֻ漴հ˵ƤѾѿڵժ
ѶڵϣסԼıӡ۰֣ȴһϲ˷ܣ͸èһ
óʲô
ԶİɯŸľ˹ŵζ۴С
ζʵ̫˶ͷ׸ԱС̶ԸζʲôӰ졣

һ˵һȥǣƳȳȵ⣬ÿˮҪˡ
Ȼɹζȴİֻᱻǻˣסߵĸǰɣⶫ֡
ûϵֻҪ˳ѿġ
ѣֻһһñСͱ롣
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Ȳִڳһ˳Ծı£Ʒһʱɯȴ͵קסִϣ龪ֵ˵֣Ҫһжô죿
ģ֪ʲôˮûжġ
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õңҸ˵ɱĹϺóԶˡ
ɯʱһŽɵĿŰ֣ȴǾǹζŻֽǹζ
û˰ɯȻĽι뵽С
ɲʱһ֮ζǻܵı۾ֽһҧͬʱšһ̾Ϣ
óԣҰǰˮĻҪóԣ𣬸Ŵ
￴ֳԵôζһӶҪˡ
ôĶ˳Ҳˣһ˳Եôܣֱǲ˼顣
ǿޣǰٰ㲻ζֵӣô㣬ȴҪôĶԺԼʱƶҪ˷һϰ
Ҳ̫ó˰ɣҿˡ
ֳԵʳɼԭضţȴȫԱ˵Ĺɫ
֣ôó𣿡
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ǡûˮ֣ҳģóԵӡɯ˵滰Сĳ
һҧһ߽˵ûˮ֭Ǻ𰡣ҿڸзǳĺã˳һھͻͷ
ģ
ģ㳢
˵գ־ʹʣµĹһ飬ڴĳɯ˹ȥ
ɯҲǸԻʳԾܾɴʱǻƲӲӵĹⲻζԼƽʱֶʱΣҲơҪһʳԵʵ̫ˡ
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¬ά˺ĳȳɯͶȥ֮ɫ
ҲУԳԿ
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¬άĵͷʾԼԲ١
Ҳ֮󣬰ɯҲζˣǴ󵨵ĶǱİ⣬ԾԾԵ档
ޣҪҪĺܺóԡ
Ծɰڰ֣˵ˣ
ֻܳ׽ס¿ӵʶ


590  ߱

һ޶پɨأһֻӲͷƤǰУҲ
Ҫľ仰ٶȾ񴨾һϲϲĽʣ˳һɯһ˿ޡ
԰ɣҪǾζ̫󣬾űӳԡ
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˰ɯͷΪԵĿҲ裬ϽҲҧһڡ
ԭֻƷģϵı΢仯
ף治
ɯһ󣬵˲˼ĿȷԵһʱȷЩ˲ʣ֮ȴ˲ζ֮УԭúܳζҲ֪ĸеˡ
ΣɣֳһЦתޱĿޣô
ζζ̫Ź֡
ϰ˾Ͳζˣŵͻˮ
üͷһšֲԤпʣòҪȥɣ
ֿ˿˶۵ֿ֦˿ϣЦòޱȵȻѵ÷ôһǰؼңǼֱǱ
ޣ
ⶫζôŨҪؼĻƲ֪ҪѬʲô
￹ܣҲɣֻ̱ܽð̵ֿķϲҪ˭֪̲һҲζһȥǰָ
Ϊָո⣬ζģСһΪϲ˱ָɿ
ֶˣıҲǺ£ͰһС˳һ˷ʳЩ
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ժҹź£һʱת˲š
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ȻԸΥչ黹ҪٽصǸС
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֪
˵˵ţָḧźӵüë۾ٵ촽°͡Ҫһġġ
ıƸӦ˷룬һõξȻִһЦĻһ衪ûѣŴȴֱֵġ

ĨὫӵݸ˿ޣ׷ſ޵Ĳ˺ˮ룬Ŀ齻ϣ
ϣƳ˯ϳһĨѵõɫСĽӹֳ򸾶˱֤ĵ˵ͷŴ鳯ľͷߡ


591 ҳé

鱻Ժ󣬰ֺͿ޲ûż뿪Ϊаɯһ˵˱Ӧסһӡ
һ磬ɯҰ֣һ絽ҳԷֳ⣬޺̶ڼңȥ
̯̯֣εָָǽǣӶԺ󣬿޳ܣʱǲԸ
ɯǽǴһѿ⬿ǵ ̲ס͡Ц˵ҼҲǣڳҸ¬ά˳˶ͷ׶ˡÿź˯Ҫöűǿס
ôⶫͦóԵİ
ǣҲöೢԼ¾ӦˣϧҼλҲϳһڡ
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ÿ˿ζɣҪ治ϲҲȲˡ˵ҶѵҲ̫˰ɣСɽһܳԵ𣿡
ְڰֵͲ֪˰ɣҴǵӴȥڹܲԼֳԺͳеóˡ
ֲãҽ㻹ǲҪŪ̫࣬ǲ˶ǰ·ˣֻҪףںЩ춾ĵ˵ʺɵľۼء
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⼸ѬգɯҲɷϵĶϲ
˵Żȴӳһ˵Ӱӡ Ӱӿʮָߴһ֪Ǹеġ
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һİɯҲ˹
ôˣ
Լǰܣɯæסû°ɣʲô
ֺͣҡͷָǸ˵ıӰּ˵޳ܡ
ģΪԷǸС͵͵ʲôôҲû뵽ȻԼǰС㣬һץ˸š
ɶǲռˣ
ɯһʱ߲ѣҪۣȴޱȵϵƤȹ˹ϸһȹӵɿھʪһƬǱˮǵͨϳκίԲԲҲ֪ˣһλԣңҲǹġ
˭Ҫ㣿ǹΪʲôҼſ򣿡
һ𣬵ɴˮɫͷŭˣ˿ССһѡ
Ƭ̺æ˵ң
Ȼأ
԰ﵽĶ˷ζѵǹйé𣿡
үģҲéȫҶé
ۡ
˿ԽȻͬķӦһЦһú޲ܽ˺룬ֱȦС
ҡ
ɵӣ㻹ߣǵԻʰ㣿Ҫ֪ʮԴҪš
ԡԡԲ𡣡
һôŵѾͣڲͣǸͬʱǽܡ
Ȼȴޱôĵطéʲô
ϧǸøһĴ飬úõĵطȥҪסôĵط


592 

ɶΪʲôҪô׵뿪ߵսȭͷһԱµһ̲գջٴƽϨ
ɯЦȰǸֲǹġ˵ոհŵˣסඪ˰ʱ䶼û̧ͷ
ģһûء
ԶԶԣֻԼ

磬޴̴һ˶뵽˰ɯ͡
ڼ䣬ְǳüʳѣɡ
ʲôҲû˵ǰɯ̲סϷһһʮ˵һ顣
ŵ֪ԼڼʱĪίȳ극صҾͶŽ޸ֶ塣
ϧôҲˣǰ
ΣֻܰŮæ˵顣
ȱòð¶һĨ΢Ц޾Ϳ׼ʱǰ˵֣ҪӶҪھͽͳͳƿȡǡ
УȻҪӣҲ˷Щ⡣ǸӪζ֮ʵ᲻ӵ
룬һҧǾҶԵǡ
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ģԽԽͷ˵Ǻöƫš
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û취˭һʼϧģ͸һ
Ҳ֪ôóԡ
˵ˣȥ߰ɯһҲˡȵ꣬
š


593 跨

뿪ɯһҸǺ˺Զ
ޱڻС£ͣ˶ͷ׻֣һ˵ټһ߻Ǳ˰ơ
˶ͷ׿ӯ޲ɰԶ߳ǵĺӣЩӵദٲȻһ
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ôҲû뵽С˵ĵһ仰Ȼǽ㡣ӦҲ˰һҪǷ룬ԲԾŬ㡱֡
Ů˵ˣɯжοĹûа׷ѣ죬ڻẰˡ
Сԣ㡣
С̵ͷ˰
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ȥɣǻġ

ڻӱɯһңֺһʨκĿһ𳯹ķɱ
˳ִ
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594 ǿϴ

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˵׽СһûôˣȴָŵϵͲͣʡ
ûϵ㰢ʱЩͰֻʰġ


595 һѰ

ֽ㣬ѾָòˣʵòһֱҼҵġϾԼҲҪչˡɯ˰ֵĻ⼸춼ڼûгȥ硣˵ǼһϰףŮ˺ӶҪ¡һ֮ڶǲϴͷϴ裬Ҳܴģ²
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ˣ˵ǸŮҾ
ְ˯ŵСһţڰϳɯ̱Թڼֿ̫̣⽵Լ
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ǵȻֽĴôôƯǶ᲻˵һػ޿Ǵ̵İ֣ӻѽ
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ֲ޽Ů˴󲿷ݶôԭǳСҿɲҵĺӳΪˡ
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Աƣͼġ
ɯû뵽ΪԵİֻ˵龪ŵֽǴ̣Ȼ޷̵顣ͺñڣĪһֱΪһṆ̀˵̻һƯȽԼȥᱶ档ɺȴ̣жʧ
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ԭֻҪϵ㲻ϲˣҲһӸԼ𣿡
ţֱȥ
ܺã㵹úܶԡ
˵ֵĴǲ˿̣ǺΪΪеġ
ǵȻܳΪǵ죬кǿս⣬رͷԡҺǶǳҲ㹻İȫС
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ɯ̿ŶЩˣåΪЦõĿ˰֡
ӦǶˣι̡
ճûжð
ģСǳԵÿ죬ÿ졣
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Ҫû˸
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ԱЦֲ֧ÿɰѽ
ֽ㣬ҪÿɰȥһѰɣԿʿһСʨһɰ
˵ʲôء
ɯ̵ֻܺСĺ߻Ӧ


596 гһ

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յſڣŵ˱ǵķ㡣
ƿţޱڵԼ
ڻˡ
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תŮ£СѾͷﱧһֻѩһɾ׵ӣһ˫۾ӵĶԼԼƸͣµæסӵ۾ǱѵǰԼһ˵ڷ
ʱһ⡱⸸ŮĪڸԼһ磿
𣿡ҲֵıˣΪ˵ģǰ·ܽ䱸Լ
ʲôѽ˵ǲ¶ˣǸŮ붾Ҷ𣿡
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ԭҪЦģһŮ˲޵ôģһʱҲЦˣæǰο˲ˣǶģôϲСãôء
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СһĨᣬһǿƵĸױ֤
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УãϴֳԷ㿴޵øèһ󡣡
СȻ棬Ϊ˲ŮӰǵʿɶֹС
ҲŲأ˵Ҹ賤һģһ
ǳ󡣡
ǰҲ󡣡



597 һβ

һճһϴϢ
Ӱ쾫ʢһҹ˯ø
޿վڴǰ¹İθ¼ţ紵㷢Ϊ˼УһʱԿصǰ§ס֣𣿡
֪ÿҪԲʱ򣬰־ͻرƸСǳڶԼҺ͹˵˼
һλ㣬ǸԼֲ
ûУҲ̫嶯ˡ˵ģСҸúú˵ģһͷôƢˡ㿴ҵ鶼ƽһˡ
㲻𣬷İɣ̻ƽġ
š
˯
ӣܵչ˺Ӹɯ̣Ӧ쳣ƣЩϢҲΪá
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ڿ޻Ȼüı飬̵ȥҪʲôѽ㣿
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ޡ
ţء
Ӧӭ˫̾Ϣ
̾ϢӼŻҸ㣬̰
ͷĶ𽥱С
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С
ȫڶûгֻǸܡԣû˼ۡ
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598 ҧ

ա
𴲵Сһģܵ˰ֵĸǰҪ
¹Թԣȥðֱû
ڱ˵ˣգգƤۡ
ֿޣ˵һΣɺ˸ĴΡ
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ϸϸһƷҲĲȫˡ
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ҡеۣɲԼȰһ㡣
Ϊʲôѽǲˣ
Сһһ꣬Сḧ˰ֵĶͷԼġʲôҲȴѧŰַԾʱģš
ֱɰӶЦܺãû
ǰôһֱڴϲ
ҡ
ֱŮ˲ʵúڲ֪ôشʱСһѾϣĲƣ裬졭
𣿡εĵͷ飬ԼŮ˵ĵطǿ޽ʱֳĲݮӡ
Ҳ졭
ŮСڷ˴ŪСĺСĵġ

öط죬Ǳҧ𣿡
ŮаѯʣֻӲͷƤ׵ţһǱó涣ҧ˲Ż
Ϊʲôֻҧ裬ȴҧ
ΪֻǸֻҧ˵Ļ
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Сһﵱ޳ɣţͷҧ衣
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̰岻ҪϢһɲܴŶ
Сڿ޻ĵͷ֪豻ҧ˺ֿԽֻĳҳ氢豨Ŷ
ĻġķŮƳһڴϵİ֣ȴ͵Ц㽫·ڵϣͷɽͺЩӶˣȥ棬һ㡣
СһЩС֣һʱҲ˰飬æ˳˳ȥ
ɲʱʣ°ֺͿˡЩ
Ҫ𣿡
˵أڲʹСȶǻһһĳۡ
ȳԵ࣬Ҹࡣ
ް˵ĸǰƿѽĽŷԼϣ׼СȲλͿʼš
˵˵㣬ǶôˣҲôˣܲܲҪÿô
Ǽ֣Щ˵ȥȴԷ˼ġ
һжãж֤Ҷδı䡣
⻰ڱıף
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ֿĽߵðƲһߵʹɣƾʲô˵оУֲһ
ްȵסȣȻݺݵһµңһС


599 Ƴٰ

̫ˣൽ˵ڶŻָ
ϵǺۣĺüûгš
ʱ䲻ֹ̲˸¡ÿճҲǳУ˴ɹ̫⣬żҲֵ߲ˣС
ⲻǰѾԣֲ˵ϣҳƷǳá
СΪϴŪֱݺݷһٺ󣬱СʮֹػġͬЩֺСǣҲЩ統ɱһ类ϻӲ۸ڵһʱɨϰ
ΪС㹻Ӫ죬ǻ⽫Լйڸ
СһʼϲȥǣﵽĳþҲȥˡ
գȥЩԵԣְﻹֵ˶˳
Ϊ̴һҪ飬ִס
ԼǰַԺ˾ҲûȥʱǺס
ԼԵҲǿ޷ѾǧŪġ
ҪõʳĻԽԽ٣ټϹ˿ڱҪĹӦԽԽȥǲеġ
ԣĥһϣҪ峤õĴȥֻԺֵвԶԶ
ҪֲһʱЩԽܡЩóĴԣΪԼѾ˺ЩԹΪʲôҪµң飬еͲ츳ȫûбҪȥַֺõ顣
ڴҲ£ֵʧܽ֡
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ңһ˵ǡ
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ֻǺϾЦЦʣʲôģ
ԸǼġ
ߣѾûбԸˡ
ᡣ
ġ
˺ϴβǻ˵ҸһҲˣ
Ѿʵֵ飬õԸ
ʵ֣ʲôʵ֣ô֪
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ֹιıӣЦЦΪǣҾ޷˲ţ
ðɡ˿ޣżǰĺ⣬㶼ǷǳĿס


600 

ڶһ磬Խҽ뵽˼С
һСľϣЩнðֺֽ˳ӵİ˹ȥ
˲ʮӣڿĴ׾ѳֲס֮ʣʵʵĽȥ
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һâ
𣿡ȷ𰸣
ǵͷǵİ櫣㲻ѾУҴ̥ǳ
ģ
ûٹãͻ˿ڡ
лл㡣һ뵽³ԱӣҲеܻܵˣ־̲סĸˡ
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ޣ
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ٴλصУؿһĸḧԼǹ⻬ֽ׵СƤ̲סһѽС
ѽһ
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ޱԭתȦȦھҸͬʱҲЩѣ
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вţֻǾκ鲢ûôԡȥ
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ҹ
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š
޶и´ָΥæߵЩŮߣ˵˼䣬ǾͲٶ԰Щ־ֹˡ
ֽ㣬ϲ㡣
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Сܴɯ̻̽ë޵СԹϣ˫ɫˮĶŰֿЩ棬Щ׽ζ
첻ֳء
ǰÿŪöԣÿɿˡ
~~~~~
Сһ˰ֶĿ佲νлʱһЩһ뵽ȥģɯ̹ܶܲס


601ɫ

Ī٣ܹӡɯ̾Сŵĺ󾱣ʵ˭֪ȴ˻룬Ȼȥɯ̵ָڻûҧҲ̫ʹ
ĪٵĵĿɯ̵ָͷһۣиСӡ﷢˰ľ
СһٵŵòһĴɯ̻ﲻҶˡ
ұ𣿡ֺ߹ʵ
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ûϵҲͦϲģұɡ
󷽷Ľ˹ȥСڴǰצɯȴڰ־ܾУڻУǲҪˡ
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ô𣿡ֶʱЩĪͻôͿģŪòϰߡ
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ˣأ
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ڻѵԱߣһŹڷС̣ͷϴɫڣŰɫƤĹȹڻӳ£СþһƯĴޡ
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ǰÿ˶Уֽȴġ
ҴȤ
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ûгȥҺÿĴԶǡڿȸʱĴԶƯ
ÿôҲһû
㵹ǻˡ
˵ĶĻĪ١
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ҲʿһɫһǴ̰ɡ
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ȴνЦЦأǴҶϲ
ţҲϲ
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ڡ֨֨л˼ ĸ׵Ļһˡ
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һȺСͷСӷ϶һ¾ƵµĻ
ССһǰʱʱͷȥСë
СܵһУñһһҲոɯ̻ëģֱܡ
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ֽ㣬Ů󣬿˶ֻһ׷ߡʱϣܿҵķϣÿ١
ֶʱ˵찡Сܲһ´ôҲɫ


602ʼ

ǰ֪Լеʱ򣬰Ҳ͸ûʲô֪ԼˣиӦҲͿʼˡ
ϸճԵʳ˸ࡣ
С¿ķҲû˳ȥ˼ۼԽԽŵСָı˳衭衭ôˣ
µúܲ˿ŮǽεεСе˲ʧ
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⼸꣬޴޶״ðաڱͿ治޾õ廻ȡ˰ϲþߵ
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605 »ĸ

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606 

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607 ɸ

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609 

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Ӱֺ߳ĵһַǱߵһС
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ڽ䡭
СޱȻѹֵôϣѹϵǸԼ
ϧǡǸǿޡ
ɫȴûһ˿˯⡣
޷ѹԼֻӲͦ߳⣬ͷ£ֶ˵ӣõСԡ
һͷһԻĽ϶ȴûһԼΣƺǸˡ


610 ˴

޺ͰΪ˲иɪһ˿ɿڵ͡
ûжҲ֪ûУŮǰȥ̽
ɪԷ˯ҪŶ
Сʮ𣬼ֱǿɰֹˡ
ƿڿһɲǣ·һķնʧôɰĺӣ˭˶ϲ
ɪǰͷ˳׼˭֪Сһ￴ͼһˡ
˭԰ô׵ģúÿҲ
ɪҲʶСôԼ϶ΪµĲӡ󣬵Щ
˿һѾ¡
СɰģͷС裬ǰװ׽ʳ΢΢ʹ˿˺޲ȥһ
̫ɰˣǰĴֱ̣ɰĴ̡
£ǲǸոն岻òˣ
ַɪϾһֱԼŮƣҲӣʱΪŮոڽʱ˵ʲôðĻ
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ˣܿɰҾ࿴ۡ
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ȻûоͺãǿԷɣ˿ɾͲóˡ
裬ֱҧ𣿺ÿŶ
С·Եһ룬Ȼ̧ͷ˵һĪĻ
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ڵͷһɲǣնʱһƬ
ɱģÿ첻ҪӡǣƫºˣֱŮ
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ڳʳĿ޶ʱǺס֪棬ĴѾšʲô״ˡ
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ûʲôСӳԷʱ˵ȻᱻǺʳġ
ǰû˵ҲǺʳˣΪʲô
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֣
ɪ˿εķ޶ˣȴȻһЦʲôҲû˵ĬĬԷ

ļ죬ɪڰֺͿ޼Ҷס¡
ȻڴڼҲû¡
ֲÿʱ̻ƣϸʳõζҰҩ⣬δֲˮ뷨߸ɪ
ɪ֪ܸɣڲ˴ָľϲû뵽ΰ־Ը
˽ǷݣѧϰֲˮԱǵｫܹԸ㣬ԶҲܶ
ǣǵĹ㣬彫ڰ֮󳹵ʣµĽ塣
ΪӴŹ˵ǻۺͶܵΪȻ򻷾ǿ
¿հִ˵ǰ㷢չܿδϣ
ѪУ棬һֲ˼Ϣ
ɪޱ֧˰ֵľȥϢߴ磬ôҲܴ챪˰ƻѧϰ
㲻ø̫磬ʩǺѵġںܶ˶ԸѧϰֲΪ̫Է㡣Ҫǣûȷʳ÷ԶΪϲ
ӦòѣĳôЩúóһ㣬ǳԺѱĶ
źֵ̯̯Ҳôǿ޲á
ڻ̣ȻǿۣܿҪҲҪ˵ްԵţ˵ֵİΣҪ֮ء


611 ص

ɪ㿴Ϊʲô뿪˴ˣΪǶ˵ԷҪ֮
Ϊ˿޵ˣֿԲԼ塣
Ϊ˰ֵİȫȫ֮ܰԺ
İ飬Ҳ岻ȥ˰ɡ
λȥ֮ԱտڲСԣҲǿһ㣬Żѡġ
˼ڸ˵ϣԼȴ嶯³ç˳ΪһЩЦСܴСԣʵǹ˽
˵ҲˣʱһֵһЩˡ
СԣɲһЩˮӣ
ɪȻֲˮȤҲ¶ο֮ɫðҲ࣬ΪЩǿƽȥ廻ģܲס
ǴʱһսԺ岻ǲԸٹκ彻׵ıΪο޻ܻЩ
Ҳ֪ޣ˵ôģ
ҡ԰ͶĿ⣬Ŀ޴˿̾Ȼ֧ᣬΪһĵ׺ܾõһֱû˵֪ܸܲ߸֪֪᲻
ǲʲôң
̫˽⿨ˣ̫ѣֻҪԼʵ˵飬ͻ̧ͷĿ˸
ǵ֣һܾá

֮ԻԸҹԼñƷΪҸ峤˽һס
մ˻ɲʱоʣʲôף
Ĺ¥һ˵ÿ궼ᱣ˳󰲿˻֮ࡣÿʮѡһλി覵ʥŮȥΪһ꣬ڹڼ䣬ʥŮҲȥֻܴ¥֮Сһ֮ʥŮѡԣҴӦ˱ƣ̳֮һȥѡһʥŮܷѡУ⡣
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㵣ģԲû˵ҪңǵǾԲѡʥŮġ
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Ϊҿ޵֣ѪȻѡ
Ҳ֪ģΪʲôҪҪ󣿡ǰֺܲһ㣬һ㣬Ʋ֪ܲ
˵ǵŮڹ¥ǿҲԨԴ˵ǵıܳΪʥŮΪѾжʮûѡһλݵʥŮˣȥò̷»ήֽ١
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ǿȷЩԨԴժϵĹӣ㱻Ƶ˺ҪԼҲڡ
Ҳڹ¥֮Уһ˵Ǻˡ
ţııѡʥŮûκΣյ°Ȼɹһ꣬Ҳ㻹˱Ķ顣
ûѡУҲ⣬ԼĿǷҲٽڻС
𣿡
С֣͵͵۲ɫ
ףڱݴ󷽣¹ŮΪ⡣
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ҡ
ʵҲûй㣬ȥ廻ȡЩҲǱزٵġҶãûʲôùֵġֻҪŮһɣҾúܶԲ
˵ʥŮǺѡģҲܶʮûѡһλǵ̻ǴˣǾ͸ܳΪʥŮˡҲΪʲô״Ӧɡ
Ըɡ
ֻһ㷲ӣɪվοСԣģʥŮȥҺʹ԰Կ塣Ͼ绹ǵĸɰ֣ʱεأǶǵġ
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ллɪ
ôΪ̵ĸɰ֣˵ĵλǺҪġ
ǸܺõˣܳΪҺӵĸɰ֣Ҹҡ
СԣҿԸһ𣿡
ֵͷ˵ɡ


612 

ɪԥ˺һѹ˵ɲԵ㺢ӵĸɰ֣
ֳǣܾĿŶԷƺȫûϵҪ˵һ¡
𣿡
ɪǳڴðֺͿ޶Щ֪ôش
˻ֲųɵ˵ѾºΪǵĸɰ֡
ûϵ˵̣ϾǻûиɰֶԲԣ
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š
ǿԣûгء᲻̫ˣ
ɪҡͷ£㿴ҲˣӦҲ˼졣
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С̵ףɵҲá
ֳԱ𣿡
ͷĿʵܲһԵְŰ֣¶ԷʲôûиɡҪ˱ˣ޲óȥһܡ
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Ҵȥɢɢ߶㽫
õġ
ֻ޵ĻеҲûж롣Ƿ޶Я뿪ҲǰĽ֡

֪Լˣû뵽ô죬϶ӾͲ
޽ŵİϣæɪȥ׼ˮɯǰæ
ۡǲǿˣ
ܵý˫ȱսһץס޵ĸ첲ɢϵں㷢ʹСԽ԰ס
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Ȼǰй飬һ뵽ҽˮƽôԶްֻǼΪĺͺµġ
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šĵͷִƤڴͳһ
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죬
ֶ۵һһĽ˿Ҳûж룬˳ӵľſſ޽ǿָ׸ǴС޾ι뵽
ǶͷԺܿͻΪһҺ屻˸С


613 

̵޾İֻůҲ
һͷ£ְѵȹӡ
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޹Ĵս߶˵֣һ
ҧҧɫ׵ĿһԼ£͵ĵͷš
ңܿ졣һ
ְտ˵һ󣬾ſ˫ȡ
ʹĸоԽԽǿңƴȫøеĶ
~~~~~
һҵ˻ֻ嶸ʲôʪĶ˫ȼ伷˳
ȥʲôѾۼֿĽǶסȻòǶϵѪۣͰŵƤ
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ޣǾǵĺ𣿡
ֱּ˼飬ΪԼ˵ģû뵽ȴֻСʨӡ
ǵģǵ̡
˵գֽͬķ뵽ʱȴôоҪˣ
찡һԻ˶ֻ
ȻֻʱһоҲûСֻʹֱֻ࣬ʺҪɡ
ȻȿްѺֻĵʱŷһֻǰֻҪСö࣬θǰֻǲġ
ֻôôС
Щ۵ϰ̵Ĺ죬ǵ塣
ΪӪ̫١
ŶֶʱͷЩ
ûϵԺú᳤õġ
ֵͷַĽ𣬽ϥ΢΢̧ߡ
޿ģǰͷΪʲôɺã᲻ġ
»Ҫ
ΪҲ֪Լ˶ֻһȻᱦҪӶĻŪǡ
Ӧûˡ
ȷ
ֲĵĲ䣬ֽ̧̧ճüֱҪ
ӻʹʹˣ
ûоˡ
ǿ϶ûˣһġ
ٵȵȿ
ֹȵһ»ʵûŷġ
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ɪɫʣôû°ɣ
ɯҲֽ㻹𣿡
޵ͷָָӵˣĸӶƽ
̫ˡɯ̼ԭضš
ˮѾպãҪĻھͶ˹
ãɯȥϴ̣Ҹֲ塣
û⡣
ӵļˣͬʱտ˵Ļȥж


614 Ϊ

һϵʱ䣬̶ֺõƵչˡ
~~~~
ôèڽУޣȥúӣҪҰèô죿
˺ӵİǸĽţ΢е紵ݶͻ뵽ϡ
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ЦµȹӣתͿɯ̺ɪԱ˽
Ǻӷ
ŲӣɯѾźӴĸǰ
ûֽ㣬ڽС
ֻɯһۣĿʹСŲˡ
찡ֻ˵̫ɰˡСһȻЩȳȵģһ˫۾ȴ˿ޡִǽɫġ
һۣ·綼
ԲԲСԴСƤƵ̽̽ȥſ͹ͺͺûһݣֻһɫСɯ̵ȥɯֵģһͷˡЦ
~~~~~
һƣΪոռΪƵĽ
ͷһԭɪһֻڽС~~~~죬·ΪԼĴա
ɰļһﶼǴԼһʱ䱯ϲӣжޱȵĳֵұ
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ĶƤǺÿȥɵģģ׸⡣ָϽСʨ˲Ͳˣ͡ءĽеøӤĿ䣬˺Ϊѡ
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϶ϴԵˣҲƨƨߵһȥڰֵİ½һͷһ͸ϴͬĴ
ΨۣͷСжȴԲţһʱá໡С
еҲϴ϶ĺЩ˻˻ƣðĸ׵ĶҪˡ
ޣ̫ˡ
ǿʳǴС͵Ӧ
Ƕǵĺӡ
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УҪ
ϴҲԵòˣʹʱŲСĳһڡϴôϴŵҲɣˣϴͷ~~~Ĳ
һʱҲݲġ
ĿģΪѵ˼㡣
찡ֱ⣬׸ô죿


615 ̴

ŰΪѵӣЦͷ𼱣֪㲻ιǰ׼̡
̣
ԣڳأھȥù
˵գ޾ȥ˳ûþһ
СֻʨǰȻȹ̵СУյݵ۵ϣͱܵͷ򡣳ζԺСʨͷøˡûһӾͱøɸɾæָ
Ա߳ԾĿţﻹǷŲµ˵ޣ𣿡
޵Ȼİɣζ˶ٵġ
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֪Ӫ
š
СʱҰ뿪磬Ҿǰι̳ġ㿴ڳùǿ׳𣿡
˵䣬޹ȭԼһʵļ⣬ۡ
֡͡һЦĵҲ˶ࡣ
ԱԺСʨڰֻﰲ˯
ȴһһൽС˲䲻ˣצķء
Ҫѽšüſ޵ĶĶҪˡ
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СʱҰҲҡ

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εСʨӺȻˣǱóģݵĽԼΧšǿԼĿ⣬棬Ƥ
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ֱǶˣ۾һǰȴһƬڡ
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أ

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׷ʵĻû˵ڣԱˡء
Сʨһһ쳤ԴŰڵķлͣ
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¡
ɯ̻شᣬЩ㡣
ֲԵıԹ»ʲôܱ̺Ҫ

㿴ҼҶ𣿴ڣôһֱûмǰһֱ߶ҪܵܣˣӦúܸ˰ɡ
ֶС¿ëСʨΧǰתƵĳ
ǣԼŮҲȥҵСˣҲǵС˯ΪԸֳɣĻҪĽˡ


616 

ɯ̣ô˵
Ŷӳʱġꡪܾǰչڰһ̧ͷֿɯ΢׵Ȼס
ǲ³ʲôˣ
ûʱûߣֲ֣пʲô顣
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ȲҪż޸ոǱܽͰͿǽ˹ȥ˵ǶСܵϮ޹ȥˣôҲ֪
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ҡҲ֪
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ͷһҲ˲ӵɶϵСʨǳԵÿĵʱû뵽ǵͻȻıƣûʸסǶʱ໡ƤһӰֵϹˤĴϣҪڵϣָжۡ
~~~~~
ŲҽֲʶԼϵ̣æֽǱڻﰲԲѽ費ǹġԲˤ𣿡
Сʨǲ˵ֻҽˮ۾ίѹС飬ٴðޱȡ
֪ǻûԱڽΣգȥ迴ԺٻιǺòã
~~~~~
СʨǸҲʲôֻŲϹУΪûܰĳ̶ޱȡ
ҲܲôˣֻǵǵĿɯʣĶ
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֪ģǰ˵ڼտӲ㣬ͽݷܽ
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Ӧ˰ֵɯ̣ͬһʨȥܽļ
ߣŻԵŮû֮С
ߵҽסҡͷĶֻҪմϱȻݷֻһֻޣڵĶҲǷǷСںΣգҸµҩֻʱƣҲܳʮ졣
ѵûбİ취𣿡
ҽȻΪ
ޱźӿŭվۺĿΧ漴ȭͷһȭӴ򴩡
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Ů޷ȻθֽܹԭԼ


617 ν

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ⴵһ磬̧ͷȥ֪ǰˡͬʱõ̡
ܰף׵þһֽƬüȫǽǣ֮ɫÿͷһ
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ΪΪƽΪ͸е̶ܽ
˵⻰ɪ뿨ǲԸģȴȻվ˳壬Ȼʲô˸Ĺۡ
һ뵽ҹ۵òʱ޸µɫ޾뵽ɯ̸ղ˵ĻǴĹһ࣬綾޾ǱĻ޿ɱ⡭
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ɲǣᣬֻһѱŮĬĬĽڻвԲ
֣㲻Ҫѹһ뵽취ġ
޼Ÿո̫ˣἫ塣֣ϳο
ʲô취
ȥһΰīɽȡ֪ģһԽϵĶ
˵жطһĨת˲š
Ϊ֪ȡΣգһοΪ˾Ͳز˾ôۣڼ仹һæÿ޵ǹƥȥ׶༪١
ӺɷһҲԸʧȥ
ھȥ
ļ֣ҲԸƬ̵ҪǰС
ûߵſڣͱгˣҪִﰢīɽҲðʱ䣬һһأҪһ¡ڵĶֻʮգǵȲˡ
ǰʱ̫ҷ̫󡣡
īɽ޳ȺѪ׺ݣҪиʲô⣬˭ܴ壿
ԳǵĹȰȴɫȻĻصָһȥΨһв⣬иʿǻȥġ
˵䣬ɪ
˼ȷҪһİˣֵС
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ҹܲôˡ
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ҲҪֹң
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ҵԼѡ񡣡
ûСô죿
޵ͷһ۰ڵصİ֣ıŮ͵Ķŵ棬û꣬Сۡ


618 Σ

ֹҪչˣǡ
ɪָȥķɯ̱ŵļСʨ
ǳһʱ䣬໴ʱ޳£ðһôǣ

޼Ŀ棬δй˼ѵʱ򡣿ԼҪȥֺͺӻӾɡ
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޼Ѫѯţһ뵽ʧȥԼһӣоؿϵǱ˻һ顣ԼˣΪĸ׵İǸʹࣿ
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Ͷɻ֮ɫɪȴƽĻӦǲǵϴСжҸ˾ţ֮ı
ȻǵãûðȡصıֿѶæĳɪͷе֪Ҫ˵ʲô
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ϸԼܴŮʮ֮ڸϵŮɭ֣ǲ߲ݡϢ˯Բں;ͣʳǾȫСΪʳ
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ɪ
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ЦʱҲʱȥˡ㣬ͺúտСԸȺС̣ˣǿҵĸɶӡ
˵ɶɪԵر𽾰ͺ˶֪˵ǲֺͿ޸ˡ
ã˵Ҷ
ǾͲҪʱˣѴ̽ңھʹ뿪
ĲҪҰæԴԥʡ
ѵ㶼Ų
֪ҲǸ˼
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ְŮɪУɪڻóԺֱӽСɵ漴ķ򼲱ȥ
˿ǵӰǰʧɴΪпⱪԱǷͬ죬Ȼû˭׷ǡ
֣ûˣǻؼҰɡ
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ÿǣյľȴֻСᡣ
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νԩԩ౨ʱˡ
һ·ҲǸԼŮ


619 Դ

ʮ
ǰŮɭ̽ϢڴϢ
һͬʱҲѸٽ»ȵϢ֪߸˰֪
ŮƽԺҲǣҶǣҹĻ͵͵Ĩˡ
ظĿޣڸι̵İֻǲĵû𣿡
Ȼôôƭ㣿
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޿ֻ࣬ǱһȦҲݵۿ˾ǾʲôʹݲС
ްۣȴҲûа취֪Ůһ첻ãԼʲôͽ͡
쿪ۣǵް
ɪȻǵһ׶༪١
ţǰǴæһġڻһҪҪ졣
ͷգʵʲô飿
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ֶʱ䶼᲻ĵģԿǾֻܵҪ˿ֵ飬Ըȥ㡣
аɣͽд޶ޡôֺ«޾үүĸо
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˵һ룬ֺȻ;
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ͬһѳ̣ͷһıĸչˡ
СһԴҡ
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ǣ־˿ء
ʵҲûҪԴϾⶼ̣ǿ׳һͬʡ
֣ƺСǸһƫ
~~~~~
̳ԵĴͻȻʱˣ÷ͣ㷢׵Ľ
㲻һռųŶõܵҲһ㣬ȻܻܵӪߵġ
ֲô޲ˣǾͶĶǿнһҲ֪ܲ
޻ڲ˵Ľţȴֱ˻ǵһγԵĸ飬رģһ߳һֻﹰֵˤæַסСƨɡ
Ա߿ѩ׵̶ǵñƽһʱҲڸ
࣬ôҲŲˡ


620 ѵ

㻹ʲôιѽ
ѣ޶öлˣȴգҲգĶؿڿһеı飬ͺ̲һ㡣
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εƲΪԼɫǿһ
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ʱضǣʰ

ϣСʨǳԵڶ̵ʱͻȻ˲õ״ǾǳԵһûˡ
ֿš໡лСʨǣͷϵĺˮˡ
ô
һԵĶ̫ˣԲû̳
ûӵ֪³Ժ󣬰ÿͳԲ¶ܶʱΪ˺ӶǿԼһڣô࣬Ҳ
ô죿
𼱣ȥʳȻιǡ
š
޺Ͷ̣ʹRͷɡſĶƤϷèƵĽʪۿ͸һ㣬˿˺ѹ
ģһʱ᲻ôġȻû̫Ǵ˿̵״̬ǰ֡
Ҫιǣ
ʼվ̫Сˣܶ
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ǻŶأ޻ǣһίı飬һܺڳǼҰɡ
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Ȱɣе̣Ҹ㴵
ּ޶Դֱ̿ԴԼȴϸģ֮лȴΥͣʱɵ
졣

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޺ĻͷһǼſſСһȻǾٶһ١
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֪̣ⲻ֪ģ϶ΪǸġ
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۸㣬ҵȻҪѵǼСӡ
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ΪҪúỵ́㿴㣬ŪˡؿڵĻˣеĻһ¸ʢ
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Сˣûйϵġ
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̫СԺ̫ϿȻʵĹĺֱů
ްԵĽ뻳УҩĨָ棬漴˿ڴͿĨʲôСҵĴԣҶ᲻۸⼸СҪٸ㣬ҾԲǴһô򵥡
~~~~~
Сֻ˲ɪɪ

ϵһŭ𣬳ʱŵ졣


621 

ϣ˯㣬˫ʶȥӣ˭֪ûȴһճĶǶһ˿¶ȡ
۾˼룬žͱһҽС
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޼һɵɵӣ簮ЦЦ˵̶Ǻ̵ģǵйܳȥ
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ٳһٶʱ㣬ǻôС̣׳ԵĪ
ּܣԼȷǶЩ䣬˲֮ģæ
˰ֵŵüͷɿ

ϴİֶʱоɣص䷢ֿ޲˸ɾıӺ̺ӣѵҲɨøɸɾ
ˣһ֡
~~~~~~
Сʨű˴һ۾ʲôί
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ʲôǶҿ޵֣ӲСȻôΪʿ
֣


622 ԭα¶

ڿḶ́ܽҲǲ岻֡
Ͼضһ׼̲ȴ̣ǽٵĥѶҪȴԶ̫ࡣСֿˣԺѳɴ
緹ָιһ̣ȰǺ˯Ժ󣬰־ͿʼԼƤ
⽫ŪıӴϴˣͷڷƶϴЦʵ֣ڸ
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˵ʲôе޻
ǲҪˡ˵գͽﻹûɵһʪߡ

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Һģֲֻ̫֣ðֻϡ
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˵ߣҲһΪԼӣЩ˵ɻǲԸ׷ߣҾ֪ŮУǰ˵㣬㻹ϣ¶ԭ˰ɡ
֣ôֺ˼ˡ
˭˼룿ѵ˵ĲԣŮʱҪʲôʲôߣҡ춺Ӻ̬ȾȫˣӲŶ󰡣㲻˯ҪϵȥСʹеĳͷ˵ǲ˫꣬ǲŮУ
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һŻ˼ŰĹĵ֪޺ˡ
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˼ȥҧҧǸŪһС
СڴԱߣտҲι̡Ȼʱŵζٱ㲻Ūˡ


623 ҹι

뵽СϵСֻſڴͷĶߣǿͰ͵·Ϣڸ˵һ
ֽֿǱʱһСֻ͹ԹԵɺòҲˡ
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˯ѵΪǺӶ̣Ҳûйܡ
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Сʨһ޵ĺУСצȥðؿڵѣĶԾǱʳȥġ
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ǾԼظ˺ɫӡǣ˵ĲλЩӷ׵ļ̲̻ãһԾ;еۡ
ô
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޴һˮǸϴ׼ġһ̧ۿι̣ĺԾĸһ£Ҳɲǵ
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ΪһˣԶʳȽϴ󡣡
ҲһϾͱ
ܰɡ
ͷ£ȴٿ֡


624 ʳ̫

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ηǵûɫö֮˵ҵİ£ҸҲһ£ÿĿ⼸СҵĶȴһҲ˭ܡ
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һʱˣѾĸ׵ְԣǱý黹ˡ̣ȥԼĴԳԣҵġ
˵գ޾Ͳܲ˵ĽְԵıڴͷǴģһҪȥĶ֮ԡ
ûԱСʨ̿ĶǽǱߣ۰Ͱ͵ĶŰְ赱ȴ߶Һһ
~~~~쵰~~~~~~~~~~~~~
һǣһǰֲϢ
֣𡣡
޿ŭĿԲɵӣȴ֪ܵ࣬Ǹδ飬ǿҧ
ָҪ˵޾ʳָסĴ𣬷㡣
㡭~~~~~~~
ɶһʲôʱôˡ
һǣðֲмܲסˡ
֪һµĿжô¡
Ҫ̻ţ͵ý͵

緹޳˸⣬ĿһͷС
һŨŨͲǼСһϴ
ްֻһŵϣԼɡʱȴ㲻Ƿһ𣿡
ڵҧӦûʲô⡣
Ҳ̫³ˣԺҪϰô죿
ġ
˵գóǵĽϵƽֳݣȻŵСֻԵĲǸͷԼʳҲ
Ź˰Сʱ־ͶĹͷ
ʵڲţԼܳԵһͷСǿҲͱһ㣬ôܳôʳ
ֲԼˮһֱԭԭ򣬶ʵ̫ܳԵġ
뿨ҲˣΪÿ͵ʳʹþˣ˵ÿҲʵںܴ
Ǵθ


625 Ըؼ

ʲô㶣Է
ͷĽϲʳе
ޣ㿴ǵĺܳԡ
аɡ
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˵ģʱЦ
Цʲô˵д𣿡
İɣڣộܶҲ̫Сҿ޵ʵ˰ɡ
֪б¡ǳԵడĲ˵Ժ󷹳ʲôģٰǰˡ
ǺǣҲֻĻԼӳԵöˡ
ҲҾǳԾ
ԷԺҪչҵĿںִˣ¸Ӷ
ʲôɳԾģͿ˼ǼͷСÿԵʳ̵ĺüҲǼ˷
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ΪϢ˵ģ˭֪ȴ¶˱̵ַı顣
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ߣȺӳҾ͸ǣôŰǵġ


626 ը

磬鲻ſ޺Լ
û˶ΧۣǴһŰװ׵ְۣŪϸϸһҶر˼
ǿֵֻƤ۴˲䱻ȾѩӣұЦ
Сֻ˵ֺ۶øӻʵˣһٽѵ
֪ĸᣬСҲ£Ťƨɼáֹסֹֻܲסֻ޿κ֮ʣһһԹԵվǽǱߣͷŲ֡
ߵǸǰź󾱾ʹǵƨɡ
~~~~
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źǽе̫ңв̵ĳȰ˵
⼸СƤ񣬴òʹġ
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ÿ𼸸۴Ҹ͵˿ϡ·ʳһľǸƷ
޲ùĺ⣬ͷͽϧ̫һںסҧϵĻµڵϣǿֻܲͣͷȥ
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⻰ðһ㣬Ҳûٸƽˡ


627 ѧֲ

ʳܿ죬һҲͼɨˡ
ﶼûԱҲ˼Ҫ
ϾܰԼҿŪʳﳢ御ԱδЩʶôˡ
櫣ʵ̫óˣܸҲȥҵļ˳ԡ
ԶԣóԣһȤһ˳ζ
û˼ҪǱ׷
޲̫˵ĿȺˣǳԵеʳ֪ôŪȴûгԱ
޵Ľ⣬ȴûһ˿Ĳͷܴȵĸ˵ĻҪ۲СҲ֪ɳСƳɡ
СǲֲĶ𣿡ɻ󣬱ԵʮΪѡΪֲȷ˵ĳ
ϴΰֲˮҲ׷ױʾܣҲͲ֮
ûֲʳ֮һԸ⣬ҲԽ֡
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˶ԥֵǼҲֲȻֲʱ࣬ٲΣաңһ٣ûдº׶ӡֲˮСͲһˣǼױ棬ջ㣬ĶؾͿһˡ
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˻ҪʲôȴĴˣûпǣ˵öԣҪôͱҪЧ塣һֲǷ֯Ǳ졣򣬾ĳһǲȻķ̭Ҳᱻ̭
ǰܾʳѳԣʳñ׼ҲˣֻҪãʳҲԱζԣӽԺ󣬳׳ÿҳ⣬ÿÿһϸѧϰֲ
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ִתŵκһϣԽܵġ
޲ͬԼɷҲȺ쵼ߣбǳȺǻۺͼʶ⣬ǶԼ֧֡
ǻǲԸ⣿
ûκһ˵ĻӦ仰ʱѾЩŭ⡣
סĸ첲ʾҪ嶯Щǵúú˵Ȱ
ܺãľѾ޷쵼ˣҲܴǸõȥԸ뿪壬λóһǾúʵΡ

˻һΣٴαüž
˶ɴ۾˼ĿǾҡ
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ܻһ£Ϊͷ˵
ޣڿЦ𣿹⣬ûκٴˡ
˵⻰ǿǿ޵ҷۣںСʱͽΪżһֱҪΪ׳ˡ
ҴӲ鿪ЦҪǻҵģǾͰ˵͵ʲôû˵
Ǿ䲻û˵꣬ʹµҵȻֲҲʲôѵġ
˿ͷҲʼӦǰֲ ǸӲԸʧȥһ쵼ߡ
Ǵڣǲ뿪㡣Ҫ뿪ǣ˻ȥġ
ûӽԺǻѧϰֲ
ܺãס˽˵ĻҿɲϣԺ˭ԹҪףֽЩɲΪʲôôΪǣҪ˭֪ôǾͱҲ
仰ҲԺ鷳ĳЩһڷɧʱǹ


628 ʵһ

ֲ䲼ȥԺȻ⵽˺ܶ˵Ĳ
ȻȺԴԾӶࡣ
Ĵ裬ҺݶͣǿԱԴǵһбѰһеȻ
˵׳԰ᱻֲȥԣô־ͳǡǳԲͷ
вɰѹҲûйȻ˵ֻڼҶԼİ·йԹ
죬־Ͱַַÿÿ
ڼҵĸʿֲءǣֲСĵز̫ɺҲ̫ʪμظҪá
ҶֲȤȱȱټֲ̫ҲûôѰֵĻϡ˸طñȥһĶԴ
ڽ̴ֲͬʱԼҲŬһء
ǵؾҲԶƽֿر
Ա߾һӣˮԴλá
ְ⣬ǰؿֲС󣬶һˮء㲻Сֱ߹ҲǷǳѧ
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ͷְϵĺ飬۵˵
ȴںôУ˳ȥԣҪǻֵأǶడ
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æ飬Ǿһȥɡ
㡣
ֻҪˣʲôӦ


629 

һʱݣڶʱˣΪûгͷҵũùߣֻùǵһһڡ
ʨ̷ڼǰѼŪøһңԾͰǶ˵عﵽܡ
磬һЩˣ־ͰǰǳԡԱԺһΧڰֽ´
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~~~~~
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ز˲֮һҪŪ겻֪Ҫá
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ʱȴֵܵĽ£Դ۲һ°ֵĶ漴~~~~ĽлһԼճָ׵ǰצŽµʪؾ
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һʱɵ۵ĿԼӣΪԼˣڳԼء
~~~~~
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ģĵ֮ǰæģǲ֪Ǻ
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630Ḻ

ݺɵأһʱ䡣
ÿ춼ú磬ǵһȥˣչҲ
ںͳԿ˲ȾˣҲ
֪߹ĴԣͰ櫵ĳƺš
ôС¿಻ۣ˻ʲôӱܵġ
ʵԺǷֲҲһѵ顣
µأˮʩʩʣżٳݣҲǱȽס
ֻǵЩҪջ񣬱ȻҪ㹻ĵȴ
ԣֻҪãͿԲ׽ͬؼҡȻõʱһҲζҪӡ
ʱת۾͹ȥһ¡
ǰµֶѾ͵һƬ磬ȥɽȶһɫë̺
·Լʱ϶ٻ¶һĨοЦ
ȻûʱڣܹԼֲĶĪľһиС
˵һ뵽ǽζԽøϲá
磬ֺһ𣬽ԼͰӺõСȥʩʡ
ȵ̫ɹ˵ʱ򣬴ҶܵһôȥϢҾ͸˭ҵúá
˵Ҽҵ̣˵ҵĸߣ˵ҶĽ˰֡ΪҵĲָߣ㣬Ժճ˿϶Ǵҵĺü
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ҲԣÿˣʱɱǶöࡣ
ǣʲôʱҿڵչЩ硣ֱȴ̻Ҫء
ΪҲǵһθ֣ǰǿ˼֣ԲҪʲô⣬ôҵǰ׷ˣ
޺òײ˵Ҹһֲµľǹ˴ҵΣҲ¹˿޶Ρ
ԣÿ춼Ŭһ˿и
հֵĻش𣬴ҶͶȥ
дԶһǻۣҲ뷨ǣԴƺûб
ûҪֲҶ֪һԼԼ
ʵ磬ҲǿԼʳǴԣ뿪ԾͲ֪ôͬʱҲԵĸ˵ǲƽġ
ֽ˵öԣǶԲӦı䡣һҲǼḺ
̧ͷһµĿɯ̣δڣԱ˹ ʱԶȴһЦ
Ц˶׷׳Ǳ߿˹ȥ
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ûǱ٣һ԰ժ·ߵҰϳԣոտɯ˵ĻˣԲŷЦ
ɯڿٵһ̣Ҳ
е˶֪Դɯ̺ĪһͱپͲ̫Ը
Ī׷ߣɺȴĪٵĺֵռȻĪپΪº˾ƣֳЦ
ҲΪɯ̵Եٺ˾ڰֵĴ½ˣӹһһã޺ɯҲûٽµĴ㡣ԭ˵ЦĪ٣һ³бܴĽˡ
ȻĪԼҲŬÿδԶǳֵܱͣһ˶࣬ؼҺһҲ΢չˡ
Сڵú˱ٵļʡ
ٲֹһκԼѡ񣬿ʲôأ
ƽɯ̣ٻװſһ뿪
ɯҲúƽϣɽ쵱ô˵棬ɯЩҲסˣҪȥۣʱȴ˻


631 ѵ

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Ǿǣƽϡ
ҲǰȰ̫ˣȥɻɡ
ðҵֳˣҵøǶι⡣
ˣﶼôæΪʲôȴй棿šüͷΪĳʡ
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ܽҲվ֤ûһʹΪʲôҪ˵ֻеͼĴԲŻɻ߹ĴֻܱԺǻ˵ûӣиȴƫƫܡ
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Ҳû˵ӡ
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١
棬쵰˵ҿ챻˴Ҳҡ
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˵ˣٲңҪ¹ϵ
һҽУٵ˳һʱѪĽͿͣټͷͷֱ͸ӵŮ졣


632Զ

ٱòҪǲվվȡ
һͷͷͷһǰһֱءĿ޽˵ʲôֻڹС
ɯ̣û°ɣ
ֿЩҲʵɯ̣Щĵĳѯ
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ģѱٴؼҺ֪˱ٱ۸飬ΪԼĴԴ򱧲ƽûа취ɯ̱ǾԼսɯ̵Ī٣ԴܶŹķʽһ
գɵ˵ٵҪԼսĪ٣һ֮ľ𣿡
û
ʲôĪǹӢԣѵ򲻹
ܽͷȴϿɵ˵ҪĪٶռȻû⣬ͳڱһĸԡ
ĸбĪ𣿡
ǵûУҪһϣĪٿ϶Ǵ򲻹ġ
ʲôһϣ
𾪵Ŀޣȴֵ÷ǳ
ԣĸ˭ĪٵûʤģԲҪһϡ
Ҳ̫޳˰ɣԶ٣
ǰô죿
ĪǱô˵ڰֿɵҪȫԲᡣ
Ϊɯ̳ͷֱӴӦɯ̵Ļˣһûа취ֹ
üͷ𣺡Ķ
ھǱߣҪȥ𣿡
ȥȻҪȥ


633 Ĵһ

ϣΧ˿ֵˡ
˵ʲôԵʮֺ֡
ŰֺͿ޵ĳ֣Χ۵ȺԶóһ
ֽ㣬ˡ
ɯ̿ĳ֣翴һ㼤
Īأ
Ѿ˽ʵİֱ˵ʡ
ɯһָѾȥˡ
ϣĪͱٵĸԽֲݡ
Ȼûʽ򣬵ٵĸѾĸλĪΧĿ¶׹⣬ۺɱ⣬ƲĪٴһ㡣

հֵĻɯҲôǻ˵ô죿˵˲ȥģƫƫ
Ĵһžͷûʲô취˳
ɯ̾ҡҡͷĪ˵ӦԵսҾͻᱻƲûӡ
òмֵǮԼҪ𣿡
ҲΪģ
ޣа취ǵ죬ǲǶģ
ְĿڿ޵ϣϣݽ»⡣
˭֪ȴҡҡͷ˵УⳡԸΪҲһΪԼϺս˵ûʸֹ
ǡĴһҮӮҲûʲôùҫİɡ
ּҲû취ʱЩա
˫ֻأȴưֺɯǰż鷴Ȼ˵ĴһҲδػӮĪٵ֣ҾӮܴ󡣡
ȷȻ
ĸԵıҲ˽⣬ƴȫĺӮ
𣿡
ֲţֻ˵⻰ڰοɯ̡
ɯҲǣһƵĶžϵļˡ
սҪĻʱ򣬿޺Ȼȥ
ڴҳԾ£ȻĪһߡ
ĪһʼһΪȰⳡӮ治ľ֪ȫ
ǹļʧʱһ
ͷһǶָֻ׸Ǵ£ȴޱȡ
ǡ޾
޾Ȼһ޾
ĶôԼ
Īټֱţ̧ͷ𾪵ĿǰǸ𷢽Ӣˡ
Էֻ˵֣͡תˡ
Ī֪뿴ԼӮģ޾˵ڶʱҷӼ¡ǰЩţ˿ȫõˡ


634 ͵Ϯ

ȿһ뿪ٵĸԾͬʱԾԾԵĳĪٿǰ
οǱ͸ˣΪһΪСųȻһĪٷ˽
Īٲ󷽹ȥģҪ͵ϮĪȴУڻͷһɲǣȭͰѲȻ˺󼸲
֨һֽУͬһûޣĪչ
ĪҲٿһſܿͱһͷ޴ܡ
վӷ˻˲侪ڳˡ
ɹĲ濴Լ˺üĪ٣ɵ÷վԭءϾոǳ˿ͷˡ
ȻȴǰЦһｻ֮󣬾ȺĪҧ˹ȥ
Ϊ֪ƤëֺΨһȱǷӦȽϳٶֻۡҪٶȹ죬пܽһ
ͬʱӲͬķԼĪһʱ㲻ֻܺĳۺŤ
ۺȻǶ֣ԾԾܵı˫סԷĲӣöԷԴϢ
£͵͵ĲסܵĽţͣĻᡣ
ֽ㡭
£ɯŵסֵĸ첲ĺͺµı飬ȻԱ
ûµģģҪĪ١
ŸĪپŭŽۺϾŶԷڿתȦӵ̨ȥ
ҲûֵãҧһڵëԺҲԷƤһŶԿȥûһͰŪͷĿѣ
¹䲻ӱǶ˹ܳʹѣۺﷵ̨ץסᣬֱ˹ȥĲӡ
䱻εЩΣҧסԷȲɡ
Īٸܵеʱ򣬹һּӲʯͷ󷽡
Сġ
ɯ̺Ͱͬʱѡ
ܵĪĹ裬߿һۺ󣬾͡໡һ˲Ͱͷ¹˵ϣӭĹѾܵļͷʯͷӲһԲһٶǼŭеΧߡ
ΪﶼΪ̫ˣⱾ֮ͬľûҪֺ֡ңǻĴһ
˿̿Ҳüͷ׼ǰֹʱĪȴ˵Ľͬʱ˽ŵס
צһӣǽץһƤ


635ʧ

ʤȻˡ
ռϷܲûжµº֣ıģ
̨±ҵĺȲ
ãƯ
Īٺġ
ҹȻûпĸһǰľһ
Ī»һȹӣǫĴ̨˵Ĺά֮ʼձֳġ
ߵǰݼ˵һлл
ЦЦȴʲôҲû˵
̨ϵޣԻҪ롣
ȴһƬͷ̡
ǣĸһ򲻹ǹûõġ
Ȿ£ԼĴԳͷǻȥٳ̰ɡ
û۹⣬ҵĸԶ˼һ
Ǿǣ̫ˣԺûٳơ

Ī٣ûУ
ɯĪٵֿ֣Цʡ
ûСҡҡͷº͵ĿԼİ¡
Ī٣һءɯûа׽
Ҳ˴ĴָĪٲĵĿ
ĪЩ˼ЦЦⶼǿڰҡ
Ҫǿ޵ǿ޾ãҲô׾ʹſǼһ˵ᱻһѡ
Ҳô࣬ñٵɨأ϶ֻðһ뵽ӣҾ͸˵òˡɯ̣˵Բԣ
ɯæĵͷԣֽ˵Ķԡ
ʤսףһ£
ֿ˿ޣһš
Īٺɯ̻û˵޾ȳͷʣôף
Կ⣬ٺȵСô
㡣
ھͻؼ׼
ļһ߿һ߿񻶣ȻһȴŸֱŭ
ûõĶͳͳûõĶ
ث֣
žԴԴڶ
ټѼҵĶ˸⡣
ɼˣͷ֮
Լѩޣû뵽ûбٴζӡ
˶֪ˣҵĸԶɯ̼ҵһĪ١
⻹ôɯǰ̧ͷ
٣˵ǳǸĪٱġ
ûЩУԲŻᡭ
ԶԶԣٸһλᡣ
ﶫǻҪʲô᣿εǶˣǶҹͳͳȥҲٿǡ
١

ŭͬʱһʯҲﲼԴ
㲻ֱӱҵͷðǡôأֻԼù


636

ʱһΣܿ͵Сյʱڡ
ǽƵѹ֫е˶еá
ۣҲʮֵá
ڰֵİ£˶ո
漴ÿÿŪʯ룬ٽʯɷĩɹ㷺ʳá
ۣӣͷʳеͨġ
ְʮһ͵ʳ˴ңĵţؼҺѧá׾ĿһζЩʧܣɵһξܳɹ
Ĵҷ֣ۿͨĿöζʳЩʳﲻóԣױ
ҪǣֻҪúãԴܳʱ䡣
˺һ²ţһۿɹ±
Ľ˺֮Σ
ǰЩͬڳԵⲨԺ󣬷׷׶ʾ⼰ˣ꿪밢ѧϰˮֲ
ۼһڱãΨһ˸еʮֲǾǱٺİǡ
ոԺ󣬴ʳĲٵһҼһ˽ͷձ
ÿòʱ䣬ζ˵ĴƮɢ˴ѡ
ΪûֲҲûӦʳĿã൱
ԼİȥҪۣαԺ󣬱ٸеʮַŭ
ʹԼֵĪ
ϾһڳУﶼ֪ĪΪƴȱ
һĪҲȷĸ߱һңۣԼµأԼֲ
գΪ˵֮Ⱥ֮Ϊ˻౧ȡůʳﶼƽַΪʲôһδҶۣȴûзֵ
Ϊε۶Ǵû֣Ҳûи࣬ȻֵܷһС
Ҳ֮ˣûʳֽ٣Ҫǻ𣿡
Ī˿ǸҪҪӦԭеһģ˿Ҳĥ櫿ǰַÿÿҲ˹ƽԼϧ֪֮֮٣ӿ۲ֵزܹ˭
ĪϣͲ취𣿡ŭ˳ϣҲ֪վֺõѯš
ĪһԸʲô취
˭жۣҪһǺ𣿡
˵ʳģȥȣҿ
ǡǽһҲС
ûȰ˵⻰ǱٵһԣҲʵûа취ˡ
һۣ·ΪǵĲ֡


637 

ҽ궼ǵһγԸ֣鲻㣬ʳճɲԤе
ôֲѵûһжģ
Բţ
Īϳ˼˼ŵУ
ʲôͱٵϣÿ˵ͣĪϲ뿪
ֵճõǰ櫣ջķᣬҪòǡ
Īϵĵǻû˵꣬ͱϣЦˣŲĽʳġ
û˶֪ⱴΪϴһ£Ѱ櫸˸ס
ôĺԣҪȥʵЩ
ϽǣӦҲҲˡĪĻӦţűٺҲżּ
١
Ÿոտڣپ׺ݵĵһۣһԸȥɶҲͷġ
뵽ɯһ۸Լ龳һ
˲䲻ԣֻٵĿ˿ˡ
Ī󣬱ټȻԸȥ޺Ĵԣôܲǣ
˵˻Ǳٵһԣ֪ٵƢͰԣûһɵɵȥײǹڡ
ĪͿ߱ٵ̬ˣķһͷܰʲô
ܰҵ۷ֵ𣿡
ȻУҵĴԻڸұԹ˵û櫵Ļöһ֣ڼԽӶ㡣
ͽһұ֤껹
Էظ֤ȴóԿĵɴ۾
С
ҪȻĴҲɡ
˻Ҫ˵ˣҪֲã˭֪û˵Īȴһ˵˵ˣ˵ĴʮҲġ
Ϊʲô
ٶʳǿ̸ңһҸֺУó˭֪ǵŵǼ٣
ˣ
һۣ漴ͷ
߳ŭͷͲ裬㵱ûЩʳͻȥģܻڱ赽ġ
ףǺˡĪ̯̯֣ϴ޵Ц쳣ĳ
ٷ߷ߵķ˸ۣתȵߣߣ


638 Ǹϴ

ٺ뿪ĪϵļԺȥ˱˽һıܾ
޿κ֮£ҵ˰ֺͿޡ
һͿٵվſڣΨûг֣ΪҪ£ŻŵĽ˿ޡ
ްοӲ£ΪǰѾĪ֪ϢҲЩһĿʲô
Ȼûڣ漸˾ֵǸΪһ
ֲԣ鶼ȥôˣӵǸ
ԼĿ˵Ժ󣬰ֲףԭǸ̵ֻ棬¶
ֲ£غδ棬Ըѡӡޱ鵭ȻڽҲ⡣
ޣ֪ˣͰǰɡ
ûİ취òˣǵ죬Ҳǵ㶼ϰǣǾ·һˡ
Ǽ׳ûѵһԣ
ǿԣΪǿԺͬһЩͺһΧԣǶֲڻݣ㲻Ը캮ضʱðաûǵ·ȫ޷ڱѩ׷оǡǶ᲼塣
˰˵ҲңҲίͰͣͷ·޲ԸæǾͻһ㡣
ˣҲûһ˿ݡ
뵽ֺĵǷַ֣󱻱˵˲ٵܡ
ˣʼûǹ
ŴЦ˵һУҲûа취ǵûǵĸĸܱ֤ǲֺ֫ȫ׳ԼʳסжƽҲĪ
Ҫô飿
Ҿ飿ľ飿ΪôˣΨǼûԣ
ޣ
˲ͷĬǣ޵Ҳˣֽͳͳߣʱȴǰ𣿡
̧ͷ˲Ź⡣
ǵİ櫣԰æ
֪ĵضϣϡ
ȴΪƽ֡
ֽһЦϿޣǼڴļһ˵ҼжʳҲǲԣһ
޴ϲʲô
ñ裬ڽ֮ǰȥɯ̺ĪٵǸϴС



639 

ټҡ
ʲôҪԳ棿ҪҸɯǸ˵Ǹ룡
ٵһ죬ҲûȵԼҵԽǶԼһԵϢ˲ڷࡣ
ǰ˵Ψһ㲻ӦĻܡ
ס죬ҾǶҲǸ˵ͷġ
ٴǸ˵Ļ漴ֺɸֵָָڵļµǡ̫ûˣŻұ˲ڽ£ǵЦ

ʱһת
٣һΪûдӹʮҡ
һڱѩسŲԣ׹ղζ
һԽü࣬ڼ£ʧȥ˰
ÿܴʳϧ캮ضֶﶼ붬֮УҪԣʮѲ˵ޱΣա
죬ðŷѩţ̫ɽûл
ƤһֱıæԼ³ȥң˰ҹűǶ˴˼ҡ
ҵǣժӶˤһȡ
һ£ٴ˿ֻźͲ֮С
̶̲һʱ䣬˾һһˡ
뺮ȥٻ³ʱ䵽Ҫôȥ
˱⣬ҶûгԵˡ
ȥҲᱻġ
ҹ˶ڲĴǰˤȵѾ˯˹ȥûжԵԵʣ̬֮άֲˣǻΪڴ
עΣΪ˶ãӦҲ
ҲŲ棬֮ǰڲͣԹûã񿴵⸱ģҲǱ߽ӡ
ѵһעҪ
Ȼ䣬뵽һǰ˵Ļ
ҪõʳѣֻһǸ
ǡһɯ̵ǸǾζţⱲҲǸǰ̧ͷˡ
ǸԻһһȥԼҲȥɣ
Ŵ̬Ĳ棬ڴıԵԼûܾˡ
٣ôҪȥĶ
Գ޼ͻȻҪߣǵ׷ǰʡ
ٵƳһۣͷҪȥɯ̡
㡭
Ҳ
ǡ
ͷ˭ܲأ
仰ζĿһ۴ϵĲ棬漴ޱȼᶨ˳ȥ


640 

һս赽ʳǿ
Ժ󣬱ҲŰжСﲻϼˣҶΪʲôȴû˶ͬ顣ΪһУܡ
Ժ𽥱ů
ѩˣ￪ʼŲ׽
ϣڳͷȻʹֻʨ𡪡Ľ˷ͺڱ˭
ΪǺǶˣЦųȥкǽݣȴɢһĻ
ŵôһѣæͳڴ󺰣ޡ˿ޣ
ͫ漴һĳ˰ֵĸǰ
֣ôˣ
סҵ֣ŵĺ¶Բ
㿴Ƕˡ
޶ȥȻԼļϺԹϴȾѪ
ǴޣȾѪ࣬ƤǺһƬ
˵𼱣ߵֻСʨǰ̽
СʨǿŰֵĿеԽ˷ܣƨɶͷ
⡭ģôҲˡ
־ͽ޴ӵϸһְѴ޾סָ˶ԷĶƤΪڹƤ˹
ôˣ
ﷺỨºӻиʧ⡣
޻ͷ滨Ľģæ۵İο£Ƕûˡ
ûˣЩѪô£
ЩѪһǸģûọ̈̄ȺһƬž͹ˡ
ʿ
˵գ޾ʨǿʼ
Źӵӣ޲Ц˵ǸҸոһֻҰ·Ȼ˹ȥҧסĶӣҧͷҧ˶ӣȻһҧˡ
ϵѪҰģ
Ӧǡ
ôܣǻôСᲶ׽ӣȻЩ̫š
ˣ׽ǵԡôСǹﻹѪöġ
տ仰צڿ޻ֿͣҫĳԼǸոճС
һ뵽ǳͣɴ˸Ұõʬأ
Ƿʳˡ
ʲôˣⰡ
ʨһβ׽Ὺ˷ܣȻ᲻ýҲ
ǡ
ģǵϵͳܺãֶӵġ
ûеֶӣֻ룬ôöͻȥ׷ҧԺǿǺΣգ
û뵽ֻôĹǣ޷£§ļ£һԽôԣΣʱָζܡ
죿᲻е̫磿ĺӶ׶԰ǵıŸһ꣬Ҫѧϰ漼ܣǲЩ̫ˣ
ʱˡ
Ǻðɡ
Űʧֵôģ
ҡҡͷһ˿ãĿ˿ſڵϴӣûֻǾӶҪǲԣȴ֪ýЩʲô
ĶͷΪѹеЦûϵǳˣҪ̵ĵطء
ðɣԸǳ˻ҵġ
ɵϣǵİ裬ǵȻҪġ
ţǻȥ緹ɡ
֪һ龪Ժ󣬰ֵ񾭲ٽȴù
ȥҵø⼸һϴ˵
ֿһϵѪۣͷһ


641 

ֻʱϰ̲׽ǾܾһԼץһЩС
ǿ׳ãһץࡣ
ÿÿؼңҪԼսƷĸ׸ǰҫ
޲ʾڰǰ˿䣬ԼҲѧȥֺá
ޱȽԱΪСӪڷҲû̫ϣ磬ҪСһȦ
ڲ׽棬Ҳѷһ
ְڽѹޱë޵Դ˫ʪ۾οûϵҲܰ費ҪץֻҪƽƽҾͺܸˡ
~~~
СʨԴĸ׵һЩί
ԣ׼ʲô˵žʹͳһЦеĵݵ޸ǰ׼Сߣϲϲ𣿡
Сʨӿĵſֵ֣ Żצϰһ£Ҳ֪̫󣬻̫ԭõС˶һ¾ͱѹƽˣ˲ʧȥԭ
Сʨ֪Լ˴ؾɥĴͷӱǻ﷢໡ѹ
֪ŪҪģ軹׼
۵Сʨĸ׵Ļ۷ĳƳȥ
ʱóĲˣһë޲ż
ë޲ż޻Ƥģȥͼģȥǳϲ
СʨһͷǳϲΧë˷ܵתһȦСצȥȴ;ԥ˻ȥ
ûϵŪġ
СʨգצӰһ£Ȼûлأԭģ
˼ˣ߾תȦȦ
޵˽޶ȴ۲ýվĸ׽űˣġءƿ֡
ˣǶС
óɴǵȿͨĲżߡ
Сֻһ˵һֻ˵ܡ
޴ļϷĺһȥֿ˿ߵĲżߣ΢΢üֵĸǰ⼸찾ҹΪ ˸
ѽ㿴Ƕϲ
Ǽ̣òôһ۾ô죿
ô˵ǶǵıһôСΪѵǲԣǲ֪жϸĸ׵ĿʵֲۣΪʲô⼸ߣ͵ǸõĽɡ
Ϊǣô࣬Ҳۡ˵ҪҪҲ㣿
գգۣЦһõĿǰðҪʲô
ɭɽɣˣرҴȥ
Ǻô죿
԰ֵĵģֻĿǼһۣ鵭ôˣչ˺Լ
һû׼
ãûгͷһЩɣǿԴպŹһ
⡭
߰ɣϦȥͻǹķ羰ɲܴ
ԭ˵ʲôɿѾȲˡ
·ʱ˿̣ѾûʲôǱȥͻҪˡ
СֻĿ͸ĸıӰ뿪ȴֻܸԱëżڵ̾
ҲͰְһͻѽȻǸʲôȴشѾӵĵ׷ø
ϧ
ȴиǵڸǲȥΪǰҪͰһʱ⣬Ҫȥˣֿ϶ˣֵñŰǵСPPˡ


642 

ʱһꡣ
СʨѾˣȻδΣѾ˺ܶվൽּôˡ
ǲ׽ҲԽǰֻץЩҰãСͶҪɱһͷҰţ򡢰׵ĺҲڻ¡
죬ָո˼ѣ޾ʨǶĻ⡣
ʨһʨԺ󣬶ᱻʨȺǴͳҲǹ涨
ʱҲ˵СʨڳΪ˱׷ֳĸʨὫǸߡҲƤʵǿĸճʨŲߣףǣֱŻߣˮڸףǣǰճʨս
ĺӲȫҰޣˡ˵Ļѹֻ꣬ǸС׿ΪʲôҲҪǡ
ȴԼǳȥˣΪ˱ģֻǶ
ǳԺҪеԼͳְ֮һֱı³ɳпܺô
оǣһʨûгɫԺż֮·ʮѡ
޸֣߰ҪǣʵҲΪ롣
ּ̬ȼ㣬Ҳ֪û˻͵أ˵һӳ綼᳤Ҳ뿪һ죬һֱ᲻ãֻẦǡ
ѾǿСֻ¸˵ڵϴ¶ֿ֪ɰģʵںܲġ
ޣССǱ۸ӺСҪǳȥԺ󣬱۸˿϶Ҳ֪ô졣
ޣôȣǳȥԺĵطûУҪȹˬߣ
޿ӵ֣֣ϴ˵̫䣬ѾӦһΡ㲻ˣԽҪ뿪͸ˡ
ǡ
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645 Ը䵭

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646 

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648 һֱ

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650 

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֪ΪʲôҪЦ㡣
ۼ棬æͣûҲûгЦңǿЦԼߡ
ȻߣǾ͸Ӧð緹ˣԺٽʱҲô²˴
֣
˵ඣ
ÿһɶ͵ϣʱֳֶ࣬ǸŮ˶ܵ˺ðɣ


651 뱤

󣬰ֺͰɯһԼȥ޳ǡ
еԱ˿ޣаɯһ˶
˶ȫ̱Ÿ޴Ĺһ磬ͺƱ
ֺʲô˰ɯ
ɯ˶İŵһƤҲǽ޳ǵ볡ȯ
һûȥ޾ֻƤ档
뿪ַʱ򣬾ʽ޳ǽ¡
ԶԶȥɽŹӴʯߵһʯŸͼԼƽʱıݡ
˵ͦ˼ģȥҲǳϢ
һӾϲط޼۷⣬Ҳ
˵Żܿ͵ʯڴ
سǵޱһ
˼ǣǲܽԵȵ޾һƤǲܽ뵽ȥġ
˶ͽԼŵƤжسǵޱԺǲͬһ˽ǡ
˾ǰɯ
֣أ
վʯİɯסųʡ
ֿһۿޣ޾ͽһ̵޾ݵޱĸǰ
ޱӹʱϲʤæһơ
ȷһ𣿡
ãҾ⸽ס£
Ҫüء
ûϵ
ôһˣ
ֻԱߵޱͲİɣǳչĴˣǼȻı꣬ǳҲάǵİȫʯڼ䣬ǾԲܵһ˿˺
޵ͷŵġΪһ·ϣҲ˴йǵĳȷмֱ¡
Լ޳ǲ˵ѱһǧͶȱʵӴ󣬵Ҳδ˻һЩ֮¡
ɼԼͶ׬ȡ꣬ԴĿ˷ǳѺ顣
ҲΪ޲Żİʱ뿪ߡ
ඣ
ֳ޲Ļӻ֣ʵҲǺ£ֻǾÿ޲е㲻ϰߡ
ףʾȥ
ߣ˶Ҳɯ𡣿ǿɯ˷ܵͷҲصǰߣʼЩĲ¡
ιǳҪúñҵĴԣǧܵ˺𣿡
˶Ķޱȴ˶Էİۡ
һޱʱͷĴԻĴһÿ㿴żʲô
ҡ˶ԡ
Ǿǣ˵ǳڣǲκΰȫ


652 

ʯģһ͹㳡ȥǧˡ
ΧشС
һǴԣο͡
һͳһЦıˡ
ô㿴Ǳߺö˰
ɯŰֵ֣һѽ԰˷ģ
Ҫȥ𣿡
ð
һļϣҪȥʱӭȴŻɫĶȹıޡ
ɫº͵ס˶˵ȥ·λԣǸյİɣ
ǰ
ɯĿ˶Էһ۾͵ͷˡ
ģǳй涨ֻҪ½ĿˣǾ͵һʱȫС
Ϊʲô
ΪܴûУп·ԺҲ֪òԼϢҪǣֻǲ֪ʲôطʲôʱ䣬ʲôľʱݡ
Ƕ˵ЩģɯԥĿһ۰֣ʱòҪ𣿡ϾǸǰһﲻʶнҲ
ӦǳĵΡ
Σ
ϰɣڣǵʳޣУܴı
ɯִӦˣҲûʲô˵ġ
ˡ
ֿĳǻӦһ䡣
ȴ˷ܵΪλĴԷĪҡ
Ȼ֪仰Լϣմ˰ֵĹ⣬ɰɯǾúܿġ
һ·ǰУľΧ˵Ŀ⡣
ԵɣȻΪֵ
ܶ౾ڸΣʱͶĽĿ⣬еĻѼ䣬ΪľǶ࿴ּۡ
ΪԴ޳ǿٳֹôĴԡϴλԣȻҲƯȰֻǲһЩ
ҪǣλʮְˣǰСԣУ峺˭һĨЦ⣬κԶоԼַܷ밮ӡ
ֵܵԵܲ
һ·ɯֵҲ磬˵Ҳû˹˼ɡ
ЦʣΪʲôô˵
һ·˭ǶЦŹкѵ˵һУ
գһЦҡҡͷʲôҲû˵
˲ֵܶ˻ܲףЩһڸ˵һ˫˫۾˭ǸСء
Ҫǳй涨ԴڨЩһˡ
Цʲô˵Ĳ𣿡
ûʲôǰʯ԰ˣۿ˿Щ࣬СĲҪɢ
ʯ԰ʲôط
ֵܳصգգ۵ȥ֪ˡ
˵䣬˾ͽ뵽ʯ԰
νʯ԰һƬݵϣʯͷһֻҰڲԭϱڷɳ۵ӡ
ӭȥ޳١
Ҳ֪ʲôĽ˵ÿһֻǵϺɫҲһһչ֡ХͣǺݣʨ񡭡
ۣЩʲôɯͣɫ𺳡
ͣǳľ֮Ҳʱһһ̳ġÿһֻޣԭڵġ
ɯһʧУҲ̫˰ɡΪ޳ǵ˳˱ݣʲôء
ǻֻǻݣǵĳͲһˡ
ǳǹ𣿡
ᵽԼ֣һݵıû
Ķأ
ӦϢϵʱΪұʵĽĿ
ʲôĿ
񷨣
ɯһ磬ãĿһ۸ǰİ֣Ҳ⣬Ƶʲô񷨣
ص˲飬ͽ񷨡
ô
ǵȻ
ֵȻӣɯмĳʣ𣿡
ЦЦҲ֪Ҫô˵
˵Űɣ̫ܡԭʼ࣬һ⣬Ļʲô񷨰ⲻ
˵š⵱δҲ̫ˣǸнˣԲ뵱ѿŻЦΡ
ڵŲţҪϵı˵


653 

һʯ԰ʮǰݡ
ݶڴִԽİ˵ϡ޷ǾһʯϻϣʯͷĵŵĿȥһӢֺӣеŴӾƤӰϷ
ȴʮΧˡ
ǰɯʱʱļֱֵĶĤ
ò׵ȵݽɯЩδ
֣ÿûأ
аɡ
Ȥȱȱɯȴȫ෴
üɫظŸոյľôỹأ㿴ǸﻢûУÿӢҲáոһǸﱪǻԴɾ̫˧ˡ
ֻǱݣҪĻҿδشùκһ
ܡ
ôܣﻢǸֻǳúÿϲûʲô⡣޳ǵĳҲǿһ㣬ȻŰŪǡпЧӦ
ҲţͺɯΪ˼ᶨԼĹȻǸ˷ŵ˧
㣬ոӮǸﱪĴӣôã
ôӮȥô³ô³çҲŲӮ
ɣǿЧӦÿǱʶﶼƫ򳤵úÿˣҲױƭóúÿӮȳóӮ˾úá
ɯѾԼļɱΣĻԸʵŹֵʣ˵˵ﻢǸ
εһۣʱ֪ô˵
˵ɣҾ֪ѡ
ִҪ֪ڳĬ˼Ҳֱ˵˵λ˵ǶԵģ̩ʵôλȣͲΪᡣӢģãִϲԳͰѱݵĺýɫλΪƤ಻УֻÿεıʱЩƤ֮ࡣ˵˲̫ƽıȴܿǵĻӭҵõ˱ˣҲͲôƽˡ

֪İɯΪʧŰֵҲ˼û뵽ССģȴô
ûϵλԣεıǲþ˵Ļǰоʵ赸Կλȥ𣿡
ȥȻҪȥɯ˵ΪǻһƤأҪǲǹ˼Ǽλ⡣
õģ
߰ɣ֣˵ȫﳤÿԣοһ۸ˡ
ɯɫе۾ģһȥƳο͡
ֵʲôÿģ˸֣޷Ťģ
˵ĲԣҲдԡ趼ǹԹ͡
ֵô
ֺ֮䣬ɯֱ״ĽӻǵȻԿԿ⻹ʲô˼ȻҪ˲ио
ֶʱЦã費һ𣿵˰ɯôͱζأ
ܿ죬ǰһƬ̡
˵СݣֿǰŵλռˣռλֶǴԣżмڳԣҲЩеİ¡
ֺͰɯֻźѡ񿿺߲ѵλ
ûʸ񣬾վԱߵߵϡ
ʱһƵĹɫȹĸߴ˾ֵĴӺ̨Ѥǳ
ͷĨЩɫͿϣĳ޲мһ
Źǣֶ裬һ̨ͬ¹ŤŽʵ̵ͦβŤֶءʱʱĻû˦ⲻ赸ȫİ
̨Ů˱̼üźżȴŰ˵䲻֪߳ܡ
ںˮǴۣʱһء
ôˣˮ齦ϣɯе졣
û
ֲ죬ȷ˵ЩڶԼﲨΪҲᡣϾ̨ôŮˣ˵˼ҲǶԼأֻǷ߰ˡ
֣Ŀ㿴ЩԣһɧֹˣҼЩԲ֪ǿٱ
ʿˮ˵ǰͦɧġǳɶʾ
ֲ˶˵Щıݺܾʣ֮ⲻھơ
λĽĿܱȷǸ˲ŰŵִôҲǸҹܻܾĺݽɫ


654 

߶Դ赸˰ͷӡ
ڽ֮ʣæҪ뿪İֺͰɯ
λȵȡ
ôˣ
ȱߣεıݻһҪĻڡ
ɯʵʲôڣ
ֵѵвʵ
ͣǵģ̨ϵı߻̨ѡλ˴ԣΪǵֱҾöλкܴĻء
ùãΪ̨ϸոձݵڳ׼Ҫ뿪ʱѾҼ߹ˡ
ԽֿĿ⣬նͣ˰ֵǰ
ֱɯ˴磬عͷһȻվˡ
ָ׳ƵĽΧš
˶ɫĲȹͿĨأҲڸǲס˧Ӣݡ
찡ûл⣬˸ոնڶۡ
֣Ҳ̫Ҹ˰ɣҪء
ɯԱĽٿΧǣĸĽӼʡ
ҡ
ֱͻһĻŪߺһʱȫ֪ôźá
ԣ԰ָ𣿡
һԵϥأޱʿĳ
ţĸҲЧµ
Ҫаµġ
ȻܾܻǾЩѿֻѡˡΪΪǰһʱٶԲ޵顣
ֻһϷҲúԱ־롣
ûϵǲ⡣
ϴŲõЦŰֵ۾ҫ۵Ĺ⡣
һǳŵԣΪ۹Ĵû˭ܾܾ
ƫƫǸ⡣
ҽ⡣
ˣ
֣Ҳ̫˰ɣôõĻ㶼Ҫ
ǰǸԳôÿҲİͿޱǲôһ㣬ǡֻһ֣ȻҲ⡣
԰ɯϧ֮ֻǺҰøɡ
𣿡
Ҹ̫죬ɯЩ漴ֲ˼ƳǸһۣЩ͵ҡɡ𣿡
˼ʵڹƲˣֲõǰλˣֻ˳̨յȻԡ
˵꣬ɯһֻ֣ɿڴһ¾ͽɿˡ
ɯһ˲ҸüֱҪˣǸԣȴʼһźĿŰ֡
ĸĹŲû׵ֵ֣ҲΣѡ˱Ĵ
׹Ĵ޲У͸˲ƱһǵԾڸǰҲ޶á
о仰˵úãһҰ㣬־˼ɡ
ڰ޲õģΪԼô飬ڻʯȥȻԲ顣
ȥɯһֱܺ죬Ҳڷǳ˷ܵ״̬ŵȻİ֣һֱߴߴ˵ͣ
ɯô𣿡
оڵİɯħһ
Ȼģ㲻֪ոֵжᡣ
ûѽ
̹ȻԣȴЦӻҲģŲǳǳ⣬ÿ˧ˡĴһΪܵõ֪ǶٴԵҡ
ûУ֣㿴㲻ϧɯڳֵĲϧȴ൱Ժ
Ҫϧ𣿡
ҲԡǺѣȻðôõĻøҡ
ɯҲ˶ءҪ֪棬Ƶ
ʲôģҿǴԣԱþҪҾͲ



655 ϲͬ

ڰ֮ʣɯĶӺȻʹˡߴߴ
εӣŹֵܶڨЦһıݣҶӶˣеطԷ𣿡
͹ͬʱ˵С
Ķ
ɡ
ֵܵĲǾͱʳ
ʳܴ󣬴ƽ׵ӣ棬ɼʳġ
ֳɰڷŵɣˮԼʳϲĲҶ
ԱʳרΪȥνҡ
ɯһֻ죬ȴԽӡ
͹ʾɻ󣬱ʰֽʲôޣ״ھȥ׽
֡ۡЦӲʲôޣֻʳ
ͷΪԼĹªŸеۣʳõ˺٣Ҳ֪Ҫô˵ֵĽӡ
ûϵֻҪҾԼ
͹󾪣ôУĿˡҪ֪ˣǵġ
£ǳԼϲûйϵ
ǡ
ˣǾͲҪˣĽӷǳóԣ˵ҲˣǾȥɣҪʲôʧǵŰɡ
ɯظĳصֵܱ֤ţȴЩԥ
Ǿľˡ
Ĵ˸ָתȥˡ
ܴкüΪʳ׼ġ
ѡһ̨Ƚϵ͵ģùԼ𣬹棬ݡɯ̫³żԱߴ֡
ĸĺһСʱˡ
һ衣
ĸ룬ֱĸ¡
ִ˼СմԺųֵܶ˺ɡ
ֵܶһ㵣Ȼû׹

Ǹһ𣿡ʵС
ǰǽȫ̸Ҳһ죬ӿ϶Ҳˡ
ǶˣǴ·һ÷Ϊ˵ÿ˾òء
ˣǳ԰ɡ
ְѿֱǿ˹ô࣬Եꡣ
ԣǲǲǳԣûʸ񡣡ЩԱ˵
ſӵĹҲһΪѣǰǿˣǲûء
ôûʸ񣿴ҶһˣӵĹҲ˲һӦõġ
ɯҲԣһ԰ɣ˵ȥʳﶼˣô԰
ֺͰɯ˳ֿԼʱҲޱȡ
㿴ңҿ㣬̲סǿŵλô¡
ΪϽɢζʵǹǡ
ԡڵģǼ㹽ұţ²ˡ
û˽Ժ˿ʼ
һκͿһԷҲǵһγԽӣͷǳȣһʱֳԵôζʳֵܶò֪Ǻá
ôó𣿡
ɯϷʵŶˣʵǵıͿһУ׿˵
óԣ̫óˡ
ţҳôûԹôóԵĶ
ֵܶһ𳯰˹ȥðۡ
ò۷ͬʱһɻҲ֪ЩʲôˣȻиΪ¡
óԵĻһ¶𣿡ɯüɫԹ֡
սʣʲô£
ǳǸϲͬԵĹ𣿡
ۡ
ʳڵϡ


656 鷳

˵˼ǸϲͬԵĹ͵ԷǸУ
Ȼܾͬðɯ˵⻰Դһ˿̵ζ
ĸ첲鲻ڵɯ⻰ɱ˵
ɯһ߷һ߱죺ֲ˵ģҲ˵ġ
ڿݵʱҲ˵˵޳ǵĳǣԴƺ̫Ȥкö׷ĸܾˡǴҾͷ׷ײ²⣬ĽͬԵİáϾҲֹ˫ͬһİֱһΪңǼȿͬԽ䣬ҲԽ䣬ҽҲܻ䡣
Ȼһ嶼ΪݣɻûӰǵ
ɯû׷ǵ˼仰ΪͰԡ
ܵĺһˮʳﳹ£̵Ļش𣺡ǳ飬ʵҲ֪
ֵܵش𣬰ɯĸвǾ£˵Ҳûʲôġ
ǲϲԣֻǳڱԭɡ
룬ŬΪǿѡ
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ɯ˼ҵ˽£ˡ
о˵ɫԽԽӲæ˰ɯ⡣ô˵˼ҲĳƹһУ֪˽£ⲻǿҲʹ
ѣɯȻûˡ
ֽ˼ô׳ĴʳͣͰΧһϳԽӣʱͶ
һǵʳʱ򣬾Ī˵Ҫ԰һģһĶ
ԵǸΡΪѵĸǣǵʳԼģṩˡ
ԷһӣǸΡԴת뿪Ҫҳǹ˵
ǣſŲΣƢͦġ
ɯŴһֻȷŵϣϷʵĿһĻ
ʱİѾԱˣ¿ӵóš
ͼҲӸˣĶİš
Ǽԣùңɯȥߡ
Ǻðɡ
ûǿӾͼ
ӵζĺܰʵ᲻˷ѡ
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ô£
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Щȣȴû
ȵǣΪʲôôȣȻùͬһԷѵһҲǵݣ
ǹС˵Ǻܶ⻨ǮĿ˶ԼһȣԽԽ㣬ǾԽԼıúֵǲйȷĹ涨ǲһͬʳġ
ɻûг̫ãͱְ׻Ľ
Щģ
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ͷǵĳ
ζΣ
ֵܶһۣ漴æ͵ͷ
ǴԽԱ߿˵λô£ȼߵļȷУ£жһĨޡ
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ôģ
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š
ǾͰչ͹˵ģȥΪһһģһġסÿҪǶӦþȥ㡣£Ǹ鷳ҽ鷳
ǣ
⻰Щ˭֪ļѣ
޳ǽҪһǧ˵ĳԴסޣԴҪЩȡĿ˸еĲ죬ôԺǻʲôάƣ


657 

ѵǸˣԳǷŮ˵Ǹ
Ů˲ĶģΪڵĹǣЩŹ⣬漴ӻ֣װޱȴȡ
ǴЦת֮ʣ˲ñûа¶ȡ
仯֮죬ɽ
Ů˵飬ǿûгԹĽӣɫЩ㶡
תЩµĴͷ΢أ
æһָʳɢ
ʲôģĪģǾȻЩĳࡣôǵһζһԸе档ûˣ߳ĳո̵ӡ

Ļһʱ
ûʲôԷɣÿ˵̫á
֪ˡ
Ļ䣬ӦĹȴǰҪǺλ˵ĳ࣬Ե⿴ڸԶĵط
Ǳһ䣬Ǳʲô£һ̧أҸΪϵı׼ȥˡ
գҲص뿪
硭
ŷĹڿʲô
ڨڨЦЦûʲôֻǾó֣ȻһԵĳȤ
ǰù֡
Էɡ

˶ӣȥ˰ֺͰɯ
ûһͺˣɯҵطϢۣǵİԲ
ͷôСƽûô춫ߵݣû˵ʲô̬ѾǺƣˡ
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ޣһˡɯĶֵúܰյӡϸһ룬ֲ̫˽ˣתֵ֣۲ۣ
ֿ˼ƽЦЦȥȥɣҲȥν񷨣 װŪǿ̸
á
ɯֻ֪Լ˲˵ý
ѽſ
û£ᣬܱ
ȥڿյİû˿İȫУֻڿвסл
ޡ
ɯЩĽַſְֲҪġ
ǹԴĶطررĺţʱ̲סҧһڡ
ףΪʲôô᲻ҲŲˣΪĻǱҪԼǸޣҲᱻԵߵɡ
ҿ쿴ˡ
һУ޳ʱ
߰˸ʯްĻѱһƬյҹ硣


658 ħ

ֺͰɯȺһtǰĸ̨
̨һӻ˴ڵߡ
һͷǳɫͷڶһޱȿӣǳɫʢǿµ
¹ӳתͷ̨µ˵ȻһЦµ͸һ˵
ʹİ֣Ҳ΢΢ˡ
ˣʱСӣɶࣩ񰡡һһǽϵĻ
ǡǡ
˵ĴԹڣ޲ȵĺ֡
վ̨ϵֻòʿĳס
ǹǣ
ɯƫͷʵ
ֵܵͷǵģǵĳǡ
Ȼúܺÿֻϧ
˵һ룬һ֣ûмѵ˵°˵ڡ
򵥸ҺĹǣͿʼľʱݡ
Ϊ˽ν񷨣Ҳ۾Ķ̨ϱ߲գۡ
Ҿһ漴ޱĳóһƤƤķһŰɫĶʯ
ڹǺ£ʼɵĵŪƤƬ̹ԭľӾͱһֻаƴСķ
СڿŵĻһأٴδ򿪷ʱĶʯѾɡ
˼循ź
ͬɯҲ治ѵĿţǿʯӶأΪʲôˣ
ںЦƣȻǱǳ񷨸ûѽ
Ҳš
ŵĻ͵ưɡ
޾ֿʼ˵ڶֱݡ
һƬ̵Ҷչ˴ǰ˺Ƭ
ٰƬһţٽĴ֮ʣֵȴһƬոҶӡ
̨¿ŶȻһЦŽҶ˿Сȥʱһ˾͸ƵĿ
찡ôģ
ɯ죬һʱ˼鵽˼㡣
ѵĻ񷨣ҶӶ˺ˣΪʲôֻĳڴǰ
ⲻ񷨣ħ
һֱû˵İҲھ֮̾Уν֮˵Ǹ̾ԭʼ磬Ȼ˻ħȷʵһ
ħʲô
򵥵˵һ۷Щˣ˲˼顢Īļ󣬴ӶﵽԼЧ
ɯ˵һжǼٵģ
š
ΪʲôһҲû
ֲÿɷЦЦȻҪ㿴˼һôά
㿴𣿡
ңǿ֪һԭɡ
˵˵ոôģ
̫ˣȻȥԺ˵
˵ɶ
ֳɤӵ˵ܳ
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659 ż

ߣֺͰɯħ⣬̨ϵĹǾǳڵȺ˵밲һ¡ҵıҪһλɣ֪˭Ը⡭
û˵꣬˾ʹԸ⡣
Ը⡣
ѡҰɡ

ҡ
ɯŮһ߸߾˫ۣŮľˡ
ǿƻĹǣ˫һϣĳһİƴϣлλ֧֣αֻѡһλΪ˲ôʧ˵Ҹѡ˭ɡ
ǰڳĴ޲ܽӴĻᣬֻһȴΧۣѡ˭أ
һʱ˶Щʱ򣬰ɯȻһѡɡ
ѰȥɵþͿ˰ֵӰ
ȥʮֽС磬һͷں˳ĳɵڼϣƴĹԵʮƤܰףҲϸ𪣬վȺ׳ȣֱ硣
˿ӭ˵Ŀ⣬Щߺ;ִ٣΢΢ҧĴʹΪ޿ˡ
˿Щң˫ĿԶܾǰδȴֲ֪ôãģڳ˵ı֮
Щ˵УͬΪŮӵĴԡ

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ЩŮһĿĲֲһһſޣ˵Ϲˣƺ͹һҲᶯʲô˼
ճɫֳڵˣȻñĴ³Ըˡ
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С˵ĵ뷨ȴһ̧ͷ䲻ľǵ񽻻һ
ų̂ϵĹڴ
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Сżȥ󶼲ҿԷ񣬵ʱʲôǲǵż
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źԽԽ󣬰ֽŵĿָף˵ѵҪȥ


660 

ãҾǵģӭλ̨
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׹Ͱɯһۣϴž֮ɫȴû˵
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һȴðΪ֮һߴ򱧲ƽİɯ˵ʲôû
ոûпĻüȷкȻֻһۣȴ֮ʲôԺԽɱ֮һ㡣
Ǵ
ô᣿
ǵһμ棬Ϊʲô
˫ԻĵɴҪ׷ѰԵɣǽǾҲû߿һۡ·Ĵڣֻһſ
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ɯ䴥˰ֵƤɵһ
𣿡
ǰģǻðء
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ûС
ûоͺãǼݰɡ
ðɡ
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661 ˲ת

ιǱݵ˲תƣúܴһ鲼ס˹ڵߣֻһգĹ򣬵ٰѲʱѾˡ
Թڵľ棬ֻŵ̨һȦһֽ̧ǿ鲼ʱڷ֣ԭţʱֺö˶˵վԭءһ¶ܣ·ԸղŷһŲ֪
ﻹŵӰţⳡһֱĲɡ
̨ˣ Ϸ޵ȫ
Ҵûпıݣ棬ֳħֱİо
⡭Ŀ˲ת𣿡
ɯ˼Ļ䣬Ա߾˽ӲȻô͸ոյȥˣ
Ҳ֪
Ϊֻһ鲼ţڿбȻ˼£űƾʧһ֣ȴֻˡ
ǾͶˣǹȻĻء
ܰɣͨˣǶᣬôܻ񷨣ӦʲôŰɣ
ȺһĿʼɡ
ܿͱЩäĿĳߴϣʲôţƾսһ˱û𣿡
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˵ǣڸճʱ򣬾Χƣĸ׾Ϊ²Žġⲻ֪˴ڸ⡣ⱻգͻܵ񷨡
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ǰҲŵģڿӦġ 
찡ܵõǣҲܳһЩˣ
ǺǣҲԼܵõɲһԡ
ûٴ뿿õ֮⡣
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Ȱ㻹ǱԲˡ
ЩɯҲüͷ߽˵𣿡
ң
԰
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ν˲תƣִ˵Ϸѡϸһкܶ©ġǱߺܴѽĿŪҹݣҹɫڸǺܶĲ֮
Ǹո˵Сʱ֣Ҳǵ˿һЩ԰ɣΪͼӴʽ˵ħΪغ˵
ǰ˵ˣǶ۷
ǰ
Ǹոأ
ɡ


662 ƭ

Ǻúõһˣô˵Ͳˣ
㿴̨ǿɫûУ
ɯͷȥشˡ
ͱɫͬҲһа񡣸ոǸŮڲʱ򣬹ƾǱתƵ˰档
ԭɯʱȻֵ˵Щν񷨣ʵƭˣ
˵⻰ͬʱҲû£ٿ̨ǸµĹǣ˲Щʧ
ҲƭˣֻһֱַʵֻҪڿˣҲûҪȥ׷ʲô١
ǺܴҺѡǸŶ㡣
Ϊʲô
ΪһͿļҪ̨ϵڲöΰ
ЦЦ֪Ҳ𴩵ġ
ɯ׵ǰôҲ顣 
ֽͣⲻ⣬ԭ򡣡
ɹƭˡ
ɯ㲻ҪƭˣͰһ֣һǲ͵û˵ղЩǲǾûǳľʣ
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ǾͶˣֻҪ㿪ˣͲȥЩƭˣҲƭ￪ģֻҪû˺˭ûҪ԰ɡ
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ϸϸ룬Ҳôһ
֣Ϊʲô֪һҲߣҿ񻹺
ʲôߵģûʲôͣһ㡣ȷǵϷʱڰֿЩ׾ӣô˵Ҳħʦү˰ɡ
һȫƾԼʦͨļһôҲ˾岻ѵġ
Ļش𣬰ɯؾԼЩǵǼٵģԼ֪ȻʧΪ˸еߡΪҲͨˣԼαҪһأ
˵ڵԼ棬Ѿܲˡ
ⳡֱҹų׽
̨ȻƻδĹڣֻƣĳҾһ漴˻ص˺̨
оȴֻɢ
ʱĹ͹ҲֺͰɯϢ
ǵϢĵطһܴʯңʯлЩ򵥵þߣȻڶϱĸλðڷŴ
Ҳ˵ɹĸ˾ס
ˣڰֺͰɯԺ̽ˡ
ɵǣǼǸŮ˾֮һ
ڴʱ򣬶һ¡


663 ۸

ɯѰһɫǲõʣˣôĶ
ҲʾһЦպһ°ɡ

ԼһȥϴַԼĴռˡ
ռˣǸŮˡ
˲ڴϣ̵ø߸ߵģһűǿףһߺŲŵĸӱߵ䣬˶һɽƵ
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ɯƢһ˾̲סĳȥ
æʾҪ嶯˵ȥ
첽ߵǸŮ˵ĸǰŬάѺõЦݵǸⴲѾˣܲܰᵽһȥ˯
ŮζûڰҲЩջʱƵİȷ£ְָķһޡ֡
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ŮǿƵվǴ׳˶ʱܽѹһ㣬˵ƣޱŵĻӦƾϲ
˲ֲ֪ô졣
Ϊǰˣ޷ְɣԼⵥСȫֻбķݡ
˿ܺûдҲô۸
֣㵽ȥ
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ƾܵõǵǡ˵Ů˵ЦĴӰڳЦ壬ȴĮӡȻȴŷ飬ʤߡ
⣬ҸѡҪôԼʵ뿪ȥȥλãҪôҽѵһ٣㻹ǵûصԭλá
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ȥɯ½ǣʾˣɯȴ£ͰҵɿޣҵռȻʮ֮һǿԱ㡣


664 ˸״

ֱɯĻжĬĬվĺ档
ôҪô𣿡
ɯĦȭƵĶǸŮƤЦⲻЦʡ
ռλãʲôϵ
Һѣ۸͵۸ҡ
Űɯ֮ҲʾǰߣΪŻң
ǾͱҲ
ûãɯҲٷϻȥͿʼ֡
Ǿס˶ԷͷһֻȭͷҲϡ
Ů˷һɱĺУͿʼһķ
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ֿɯѹ£Էֱ̧۾ҪɯϻӰƣæƵԷһץסͷק
ųʹĽӸŰ־ĻȲͣ
ɯᣬû׽ס˶Էĸ첲򷴵ķһšֻꡪһŵ첲ͳѾʡ
~~~~~~
Ųҽе˲侪Ѳߵޱ
ǳ鿴һȥ˳ǡ
漴Ǵ˴ҴҸҳһŵļԣüͷþ͸Ƥһ
ڵ໽лţ˽
ֵʲô£
ֺͰɯڣžֺֿĸ˶״ãһ㣬ҿܾҪԸɱˡ
ôˣ
ôȻǺϻһ۸ҡ
۸㣿ɯЦŷʡ
Ŵѡеģ˶࣬ǿиҲͬ⣬ǾһҶ֡Ūҵĸ첲ɱˡ
ι˵ҪҪ
ɯʱû뵽ڵߵڰס
Ҳͣʱȳǿߣ˵Ķģһԣ֤һŹҡ
ĿһݣǸһֱûдڸеĴϡ
ŮһСµģηηվſڣڿæͷõ͵͵ģĬ˵һС
¹ɨ˰֣Įҳ
һ
ɯӰᣬ˼ɵĽš
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ҡ
ͼ˵ʲôɻû˵ڣͱϣ޳ǣ˭˽أû˭ΪΪ


665 Ǹ

һ£⻰ʲô˼ɯŭɶ˵Ļ𣿡
ޱֻҿġ
Ҳ˳ƿ˿ԼֻѾʵĸ첲һĨóѵЦ
ôһ֮أ
ɯվڰԣöҪˡ
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ˣЩ˵ѸƱĻͲ˵ˡҪģǸǸ
㡭
ɯ˵ֻܵһ˫۾Ƶĳֿ
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գֻһ˰ŷ£ԽѾʵĸ첲Ӻá
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Żһֲ֫ʹԺſĵûˣллǡ
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İɣҲ鷢ڶΡ
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ŴûлӦɯȴΪƽǣҲ̫ƽ˰ɣȻһҲִǡ㿴Ҹ첲Ҳˡ
˵ڴ棬ֻΪƫߣɯҲʾ
ǣȴҲûпһ۾͵Ҳʲôͷҵ޳ǣ˾ǲԡǿ룬߰ǹ洦á
⻰Ҫǣ
ɯԼûеõͬ飬ԣΪջ
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ҡ
ɯ˵ˡд
һ˵ͬʱᳶһ½ǣʾҪ齩ȥ
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Цƨƾǲĳ˵ʲôǶԵġûаץѾˡن£Ͱ롣
ԷһɯҲܲ˵룿Ǻǣ浱Һ𣿡
ҵĴҲҲöִԲ𣬽͵Ϊֹɡ
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ûлشɯֻޱĿһ۹ǣ·㻹


666 ƽ

ǿûϵֻô׵ľ͵ͷϴһ£˫ںڵˮûһ˿⣬Ȼİ뿪ˡ
ߣɯ׷ȥۣȴ
֣ſһû˵ءɯˬĶĨԶӰΪޡ
ûʲô˵ˡ
ͲǵĴΪʲôҪŵǸ
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鲻ô;ô͵ģǸ˸Ͳ㡣
˵𣿡
ɯһ£ƶǶĿŰ֡
Ȼ侲ŻɿֵûһʼһֱΪֻҵĴڿӦġ
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ɯǰһ΢ǰɣΪʲôҪ㰡
ɬȻһЦҲ֪ڶ޳ʱҾ͸оˣɵʱҲȷ
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ɯջȻֲý쵱ô˵ѡ㣬ԭΪ񲻺ãǹģ
Ӧðɡ
֣ǳ֮ǰʶ𣿡
ɯĿⶸϣһɲģǰʲôشһ㡣
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ʲô
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԰
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ɯȴг˵ôܣ㳤ôһԼ㶼Ľ֮顣ȻǿͱԲһ϶Ҳа֮ġǰЩõҹΪעɡҸ˵˶׷ҵʱҲܻʱʱһ۸ңһʼҺֱҲŷ֣Ϊҵע⣬һ𡣡
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ˣⶼ˲ٵĴۣʹһ챻ߣʵ̫
˵ҲǡһƤЩ»˺óʱѪŪġ

ߺò˵갢ɯ֣ǱҲ鷳
鷳Ҳʲôر飬ÿ춼ϵһ
ɽһȴ̫һ
ǣǡȵҡ
Ǹͣ½ŲǸžͶĻУͷؿڣĿǣߵ졭
ǵͷᵽɢζ۾΢У漴һźۼľͽԷƿˡ
ʲô£
ǿб־ЩˬᣬѵûʲôҪ˵𣿡
ȥɣԺԲٶֺΪǵĻȥ󻹻ܵ۸Ͽĺ֮ǡ


667

ڣǵȻ۸ң˼˵Ĳָֻǰģ¶Żı顣
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ãֻǡɣΪʲôղһаңǸŮˣ
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669 ·

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Ƭ̣ǿʹԼ򶨣תͷĪ
ǻ·𣿡źףȴûй˼
ּһǶԼΪǳԼŭЩµĻӦ̫̫ˣ ûü
ǿ˿ľһƯȴ־κδݲеģԭҪ˵ڵĺݻҲ֮˻ȥ
Ÿǰޱ֣ȵת
˼תŸ˰ֺ˴Ļᡣ
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ƫƫŻǸͬվǰ۵λã۰ַ򣬵ޱ۰
ͬǸ𴲵ӣԾôĿȻҲôһ˿㲣ͷȴ˳Ҳûοˮĺۼ¶Ƥ׵񷢹һ㣬һ˫ͫ˵ʱˮ⵴˸еѣ
̲סľ϶࿴һۣºֻڣŪΪʲôķ
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Ů˲˵ԭȴʱʱ͵飬ʹǸΪɡ
֪϶ΪһΣμԺһֱ޳ǣԲŻôģԲԣ
ԡԶԶԡ
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ǼҲûΪ˵˵ľ
˼ǣסڸڼĴ˯ԺʧһϵſԲ˶ʮѵá˵ĵһΰ͸Ķİ²ͳļ֮ڱ͵ߣǳıʹࡣ
±ǵ֪͵һʱǰ鿴һϸסķͺͰסķ͵ɣҲ
˵͵ʲô֤𣿡
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Ҫ֤ǳҲøǷϻˣֱӾͿץˡվڹǸޱֱ״ĻӦš
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ɯ˵ˣ㲻ǣһأСȰŰɯϾסֲֻˡܱ֤Լûж˼ɱ֤˱ˡ
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źǸŮһըëĺǸʲôͷϣҿС͵ɡ
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670 

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һޱͷĽͣ˼ѾˣǳΪ
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ɯҲ͵ǣסһĸˣΪʲôҪȣ
üͷһ壬΢Ĵ˵ʲôȴʲôû˵
ޱȴҪѵģ˭˭󲻶һ
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Ͳ֪Լǵȴεıֳ˶ĵ⣬ܲˬ
ǰͷһƲûһ˿ҸС
Լ֪һλһŮ˵񷢻ѡ
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671 

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һ˼ʧٴЦ¿𣿡
ƲͷȥֻǶޱԸѡ
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˶ΪŻ˵ģ˭֪ȴ쳣תͷԼƲһɶҲ֪Ҳעʱȥ͵˶ءҲûһֱѽ
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ǣɯЦָָԼָָ֣ȴһģ
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672 

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ܣ
ͰֵǰͷҲء
ԴˣҲûһĵĴǰֹ
ЩֺŮˣҲΪ˶ռУһõָֻĮ


673 Ǹ

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ָжСŮѰ˵ɯĻ˿̰ɯ§ŻǸСóɾ͸ֻԼܱԣΪǡ
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ξ˰ɣҲǹġĵǸҲδػϡ
ĹȰοΪĸڹǵ֪룬ָơ
ҲǲϣǾ仰Ҫ˵Ϊε¼ΪƫɡΪһǸ޷˵ڣô治վҲ޳˵ľ
Σ߹ңֱֻԼˣܳΪߡֻ֪һӱܣվٸߣߵԶҲֻһܵų򡣡
һԣģĸס
˵жˣΪĸ׶ʱɫ̡͡ıˡ
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674 Ⱥ

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Ҳߴͽ̵ĸ߶ԷĳԭĹϵȷ˵ѹѹǿ󴸵ѹڴʯΪӴСڴʯѹǿܴΪӲȴڴʯԴʯ飬෴󴸵ͨʯõ壬ΪʯĽӴõѹǿܹܲܵ˺
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ЩǼٵģҪģĻھͷҰ
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ˣţ԰񵱳
ðֺͰɯ񣬵߷ǵڶֳ޵Ŀעǣͷ·ʲôʮĴһ㡣


675 ڹ

֪ôʱȺ˺Ȼںǵ֡
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룬ոԼ˵ЩӦҲ˰ɡ
⣬͸Ըֿץסⷢ˰ɣ
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ҶŹ׿ڶ԰ֺͰɯ䣬ɹȴʲôҲû
ֻǶһλλ˵ûҸҵĵӲʲô񷨡Ҳʲôʹ٣棬ֻһЩС
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⡭
ЩĿģֻΪôҿģҲΪôҾ档ƭǣҲԣҴ޳ǵǵǸ
ŸߴĹ֮УһԭŭȺʱмˡ
ԭû񰡣ν񷨣 Ǽ󡭡
ǻΪ񷨿ԳԽһУһУٴ˽Լ˽
˿ν񣬲ų˵һַʽɡ
ҼĿ𽥻ɢǺҲٳݡ
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Ҳ֪ǾʧţǶνʧ
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ǳľӪߡʵֻҪ˵ȫͿ˸ƨһϢľ͹ȥȴԼվ˵ϡ⡭һȥˣʧǵö󰡡
Ժˣôָοͱ
ԡԲ𣡡
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676 

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ԲҡҲǹġʵҲǿԼֵģΪ˲߱ĳǰ֪ʶ
ûϵһֻ֡û뵽ô죬Ǹ˻㡣

ҲͦõģԺҲñǵʹһЩ顣ǵΪԼ⡣
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ֿһģTMֱ͸Сһģһ
ĺܱǸ
Ҷ˵ˣǲʵ鱻Ժһͦĵġ
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˵ûлᣬǻġ
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677 

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678 ӵ

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κ͹ǽһЦĵ٩֮ﶺ֡
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᲻Ȼݸǿ֪ˡ


679  չʳ

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680 

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681 

һرĴԣ
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Ӧ֪˵˭ЦЦЩζ
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˶ʮܾ꣬ô׸ı䡣
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־Щ˼ַĶԹ˵ʵôġ
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682 ѵ

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գʶĿһ۰֣ҲĵĶԼ˲˼֡
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ȿȣ㶮ʲôǳû¶Щȶѡ
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ͦȵġǰѿõմϣݸɯͬʱֳ䵱ӸԼȷ磺Ҫʲô
Լɣ㿴㶼ˡ
ûϵʵҲǺȣеơ
Եţ⡣
û⣬ϸ㿾
˵գֿʼڵĿţ
Źӣͱá
òʢ÷ŵĸǰ߷죬˵ţҪһĲźóԡ
ллãҾ˵˵㶼סˡһ߽ӹʳһòмĳԷ
ʱȴϽһ䣺ֹ仰˵ÿһ仰ǳء
䣬ֳЦ;ֱһıȥ
ôڴ񣬾һĺһ
ּһŵĴָ˵УĿڸҲǳãܰ
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ûпųɷŶ˵Ķġܴѧκ鶼ܾһʤԺ㲻ܳΪһõĳӣҲܳΪһ˫ħʦ
ħʦ
ǻϷ˾ͱ֮Ϊħʦ
˲ˣЦЦ˵ֲԺҲƺ𣿡
ԣΨһħʦ
лл
վӰ㳯ʿһ
ҲܳվӦ˶ԷͬлӦõġ
оԵİɯæĹͷǰϣ֣Ժ𣿡
šûʲôθڣոճ˼ţ⣬Ѿгӯ
Ǹûȥˡ
Ҫߣû׷ʣʱ仹磬Ǻαż
ѵһǳ֮ڣǵûȥʰ
û޵Ĺ涨ֻҪ㱨꣬죬ڿóһб븣պͣٽͬ
ԭˡ
õģĿˣһֱסⲻǳһ仰𣿡δдϵ˵
ǿһۻǵĹΣýŵĿעŰ֣ûлϲ֮ɫæ䣺˵ûֻҪԸ⣬޳ǿǽöԣǡԶ˵Զǵһ˿ɵɫȴתͷӰڡ


683 ϲ

ʲô˵ļٵģ
޳ǣٽƤˣǶҰ
ȻģǳѵƭǣδĻӦţǳĽԡ
ôҪٶ漸죿ɯ;û񫣬׿Ӧ޵£лϲüֱҪ
Ҳĳֵ̽ɫޱĵ
С
̶̵֣ȴƵ˱֮С
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죬Կ˵ӦҲͦ尾ɡѾܾûзֿôʱˡȻ˴˶֪ԷȻһֱδ棬ǣҲС
˭
֪ԼûʸȥʣɹǻûסԼðҲܳ嶯ĵĲ޷ơ
ǿޣİ¡
ǰɯģҲҲ˵ʲôֵĻԴ˵ĳˣѡ˵
аˣ
ﴽЦʣ˭óЦǿ
š
Ҳԡôִϻ۵Ĵԣôûа¡
ϲԣǿΧ½üȦ˰ɡ
Ȼʳô
һɲǣǾԼЩЦǿɱ
ʵаҲûʲô漸죬ӦҲɡ
Ȼ˳ʧ䣬æȰ˵ΪΪĵԴԡֻԼģῼǵһĻĸܡ
κ۶٣۴ԷʲôĴǶᾡܵѡˡԭ¡
ϻ޵Ȼֵ
ɯΪһ˶ܿжమ֡
ҲҪ뿪ˣǲΪԼ̰˲ˡңңҲ佫ļ̤֮֮
һ˵ɯʱҲЩˡæǰҲֻԼ˶ء
ǺðɣȻǳǡǴһ˿նЦӦ
ֵͷûоܾݺġ
뿪󣬹ַ˴
죬ʱ˼˸
δ鲻޵ĻὫ¾ûˡ
ʲô᣿
Ȼ´ԵĻᡣ
а¡
ʲôϵѵΪͲϲ˵鱾˽ģ˿ԵõΪʲô㲻ԣԸ⣬ΪҾͲκδܹܾ
ҡ
˻ߣȴ֪˵ȥ龡ԾɥǷϣǸ緢˵һˡ
Ҳ֪
ô᲻֪ȥ룬ûи˲ͬ
ҲףѾ˷츲صı仯
ûг֮ǰûκһܴġֻҪһ뵽֣ľͻ΢΢ԾĴ
ҿϲˡ
ãԼ࣬һһĻӦΡ
ţҲõѣȻܶҲ޷
棬̹ԣ¶һĨοЦҾ֪
Ҹô
֪˵һ˿ҲûС
ǸĵغܺãдԶһƣòҲǾѡһһɡ
ΣҪ𣿡ǶϳϸͬʱҲսȭͷŵıЩż
ļɵţϲ˵һԸе͵ǡûУһԼų
ˡ


684ĵ

ҵʯҵʱֻаɯһˡ
Ǽ˴ʱһЩȡ
ȴȷѯʣأǵĿôһ˿档
ɯĽȴ治ɫճȥ
ȥˣ
˵ǼɽǱ˺ܶݣժһЩ͸ԡ͸δ
ǵⶸһȥ
ʲô𣿡ɯöµģȴǶһ䡣
˻ͷһۣϲŭл˵
Ҫתȥ֮ʱɯȴնĻһ䣺˵ˡ
ȻԭأЩ֪Ŀ
û´Ļ׶𣿡ɯŶԷ۾ʵʮֱӡ
ûϵԼ˼˿һʱЩգȴֲ֪Ǻá
ҲµȰͲҪˡ
գʵĳʵΪʲô
ɯͷ̾һΪҶ˽⣬ǲͬġ
Ҳ𣿡
зһ˿ɫڵĻҽһû˰
ɯԷı̵֪Լ˼æ͵ǵģûо䲻ǰָ˲һ
һһͲˡ
˵Դͱ˲һ
ʲô˼
ɯûֱӻش𣬷ʵԸòжٸ£
ӦúܶɡںֻҪԼҲܳΪ֮һ
۶٣ҶԽܡ
ܰ

Ҹֱ˵˰ɣҴʶڣܶˣֻһ¡ǷǳĶҼһԡ
˵ֻһ£Ǿȫ˼飬ԼҲһ
ǵģһԷпޣһǳܸбµԡ԰ֺܺúܺãֵҲֻ
Ϊûгֹȿ޸ԣǱһ˿ʡ
ɯŵûƼ˭ȿԭҲžбȿ޸ˣҲѡԷġϾϣûжġֻ޺ãǺһ֣ϣеߴš
ߡ
֣ʹùǺΪ֮һϡ
ҵģϲͲҪ˵ˣĬĬɣҲ˺㡣ҲΪ𣿡

һԣԾͫĵĲʡ
֪˵ĻĳԡҸ㣬Щ˾ûзڵأʱǻѵĻᶼˡ
ûֻҪǲͱ㴰ֻֽûûεİһѣ˵ˣ˴Σ̶ʲôҲı䲻ˡ
Ϊпߣǲٸʲôġ
ǵĲʣڰɯһȰҲΪС
˵һ㣬ûԼĸֻΪ˫Ϊѵļ޾š
˵ѣټһҲ˰ɡ
лл㣬һú˼˵Ļ
ΪҰ㵱ѣԲŻҸ档
ɯԵ˵뷨
ԣ԰׵߳Ǽ䷿䡣
Сʱժݵİ˸߲ҵĻصʯҡ
ôôŻ
ŰɯʣһЩƵ˵ո·ˡ
ɯһ½ţޣ˵ʲôûУ
ҡҡͷû˵ʲôǿȥЩĵӡôˣ˵ϲһϧΪĳЩԭԶҲ޷õ
ô˵ģ
˵ÿ˶ԼõĶȻǵòģǾ˵㣬һЩԼĶͻʧȥԼѾõĶ

ˣıôҲô֣
ûûУҾ仰ô룿
ûô밡һ䣬᲻һӵѣ
˵ɶˣ
ҵȻ˵ᰡ˲ֺøżƣķǳġ
ɯ˿һЦȻ˵ôã㲻ĵڶ°ɡ
ޣ˵Ѿпˡ
ɹǲҲ𣿡
ǲѾʺУɲӵĸ׿Իġ
㻹ô˵ԼˣҸôأ
ãҲϣǻأǻഺ޵Ů


685 

ͷ𡭡
һҹգۼ͹ȥˡ
ֺͰɯ˴װʰ׵մʯ뿪˹ǡ
վʯϣմδɵ¶ˮ΢΢԰׵Ŀڳصҫ㲡
Ǻÿģÿþ־ϵķģءӦ˵־ģظÿ̻
ڵǡ
ɯС˵
ţ˵ҪǳǵġҲ֪ǶãǺһ
磡
кӢݴһĨЦʹͶ˼˵ζ
硣
ֺͰɯͬʱӦš
ҪԵ緹𣿡
ˡ
ҲԣٵȥǵİӦûżɡ
˵գǾǰ·ǵķȥ
޳Ǻܴ󣬴ʯҵҲ˶ʮӡ
ڼ䣬һ˵˵ЦЦ൱Ȼ⡣
ȻԽǵЦݾȥ
գֱǸЦܽ²е

ޱͬʱҲԽ͵⣬Ϊǵĳ൱ųԣҶԽĴԽΪ񷴸С
һأǳ˻þ
˵һȫˡ
ǸСϣȴ˲ͬ
ޡ
ŰֵĺվĿȻ̧ͷ
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лϲæڵķȥ
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ѽöͷŶԷıӣֿ۵ЦЦûУ
£
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ʲôһ
Ϊʶһѡ˵ѣֲ뵽Ĺǻڡתͷֹһ˵ֵ⿴ԼͿޣ˲ʶԼڿϵƺܲţ̫òһʱ˼ͷ˷ִ硣
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ҡҡ
ˣҴؼҰɡ
˵գ޾һ§СҪҵķ۷
ʱȴһ΢΢ɳʧ֡
ʶͣ½ŲŰһͷһۣǹǡǸӡ
ӿԴɱӣ˫ֱֱԺ󻹻𣿡
ᰡϾһλôħʦ˶顣
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Цˣһ仰Ѿ㹻
ܵİ£ܵҲһ֮ҡ
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ĳ˻֣Żͱǿһ180ȵת䣬һͷȴ޵Ѿڳ̿һ
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ĳǣҲҸսѡ
Ժٵȥˡ
Ϊʲô
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ſĻ˿˿ЦЦôΣ
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һæ۵İοޣһֱģ㲻õһġ
˽޵İο˽Ȼңʲôħʦ
ħʦǡ˵һ룬ýˣִڶԷļϣһ
޲޵üͷ²ۣո˵˶飬ҿɲ
֣ҡû˭ˡ


686 ѿ

ޱŰ˲ԶͿǰһüľͷ͸ɲݴӣްһճԼϵİַͷ۲ۣ
ۡ
Ҫȵˮ𣿡
š
Цת˲ûһһװˮʯ
ðͷĽˮ
ֺһڣ¶ϲı飺ģ
˷ۡ
úȡ
滹һ۽ҪϲǾͶߡ
ǣ
סĵطӦ˶ӵɯҲԵʮָˣһ·϶˵Ц˿𣬱㿶ǰ
ֲ죺Щס
û
Ҳ̫ª˰ɡ
Ҳú⣬е紵ݶﶥҪƵĻǼֱ롣
޵˵νֻһЪŴ
˶Ҳ͵԰ֲǵļңҲպһ¡
ֿһǵľסʾ۵㲻ҲöԼһ㰡
ͱˣûдߣеԶôġɯúƤԵͷν
ֲ˵ˣȥǣס޵֣ѹʾһҪԿٺһ㡣
Խһ˼ڴϣ󲿷ݴȴֻȻܡԷǳĲƽ˵ı䲻˱ˣһÿҲί
ףʲô
ֺ˰죬ֶؿԱߵɳϻһЩ߰Ķ
ûûʲô
ɫһ䣬Ҳˡʵȥڵֵߡ
ȥ
һ۾ͷйɿ޵־˹ȥ
޽Сߵȴе顣
ۣЩ˭ģ
˶æľָޣǶǱ飬һشʦĽСѧ
㻭ʲôֺЦĳʡ
޳Ĭ˼Ÿɴ𣺡㣡
ʲô˵ɳϵң
ֵɴˮͫûԼĿˮǺֿ²˵Ŀѵͳ
ޣ
ˮһˣ۾Ҳˮţۣ졭Ǿ𣿡
ǡ
ôô󣿻ʲô
ͷ
ллͷȻΪǱ˴˹ͷȻһͷԽ
ޣ
ɯ̫Цˡ 
˶ۡ
ޣԲ𡭡֣ҲǹġҲǵһλ
ˣĻ滭츳ǸˡִûԼôªǿ޸ġ
֣ԭڿﳤɯЦų
ֱʾεʣΪʲôңһôѿ
ˣּ㣬Ծ㻭
ֱԲı⣬Ƶİ˲١Ŀһɨ漴ʣǡЩ񺣵һĶʲô
ο޵Ļش΢һ˿ǵ̡
ĺӣһȺʲô
ΪûгΪ˵ģҲ֪ǻ᳤ʲôӣͻͷûлǵ

ðɣҪǰУ׷磬ůֵԼϸ׻⸱ӣҲ֪᲻ա
οǣŮò
ͻ˰߲ԶλãԲԲƻɰС衣Ȼַôѿȴ˼ͯζ
ߣȻƫŮļһ


687 

޳һΣ̸ж죬Ҳǰ֮á
޳ǲãҲͺͰɯ˶ʽĸ
Լټ෴ֵ
ʱһΣꡭ
֪Ѿʮͷˡ
ҲŮɷֵٸ
ҲΪƫҲΪ޾ã飬Ҳûʲôۼ
ֻȥЩۣøΪ顣
ߵ۵һ羰
ֺһ
޶ɹӴոˮ͵ԣڼ緹
˵ζˣʱ˽Ų߶
Ϊǿ޻ˣæϴȥš
ȻŴ򿪣ĳ˲;סˡ
ΪվĲǿޣָݵꡣ
ǿȥ󣬹ʮӣȰָ߳һԴ
õƤȹƤȹΧëĥòˣˣȻҲǺÿġ
ֺÿͨĺÿ߳ĻѪꡣ
˵׶߷ƣԵ֡
Ϊ׵Ǹ糾ͣһͷɫͷм䣬ż˿𷢡ȥ񱻾Ⱦһ㣬ԺһƬĻꡣ
üֳ֮ԽľУһ紵鷢紵ңȴ˼ֲǷĽͫ͵ǹү
ϸλָһ
ΪڶźͿޱȿƵգͬǽ𷢽ıһСĿޡ
찡ô£
ֶԼģǸ꣬Ʒסüıͼϸǳʵģټ˫ʯ峺ãȻһ޷Աʹ
찡Ҫ̫ţֻΪԼһء
ʡ˭
ֶ˺þòк
ǵĴ磬Ī·ĺӣһʱޱȣһ˼·
Ҳ֪ʲôͥôƯӣĵʵĽ
мǸ꣬ôôޣ
ѲԶͶʲôݣҲû˵
ԽԽУǵһμһĨ˵о
ѯʣЩ㶣㿴ңҿ㣬ʲôѹİͷȥ
ּѹҲ
ôˣʲô𣿡
ٴαþɥǵİ边Ȼǵûнϳ̫ѹˡ
Ѿ͸˵һᾡǵġ
ּǲ˵ֻһҡͷ֪ԼǻˣֵǲѣΪʲôҪ𣿡
һæ͵ͷ
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ûİ˽ݵϰߣȴʹ޷ơ
ΪǿȥĺϲҲˣǶԼ񣬳ͷ·Сĸо
Ҳûʵ£ָпĵĴ
ͺǲǵһǾΥع飬϶ֽ֮С
Ҹǵˮȡ
ˮһǾ͡ལཡĺ˸⡣
ֿſտҲıɲʱЩ
⼸СһﻹǲƺԼﵱԼˡ


688 ӻع

ֹţû֮⡣ϲָоΪþûôֹˡ
˵Լ˺ܶຢӣɺȴڼңʱ䶼޵һ
Ůںϣ
Ů£ɪòϻؼҡ
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Եģ϶¶˾ΥĿΣǿ˼ҹζ
ûƳֻǶˣҪʳƤѡ
ţȥǶ
˵꣬ЦžҪ뿪ȴͻȻΧ˹ʧֲĿ
İɣⲻԶҺܿܰʳùġ
ȺĶˡ
Ҳ֪ǵ۵ġ
Ϊ˲úǾõȣٶȥ˳
ý˴ͷȻʳЩʳﲻء
ͷȥİָպ˴Ŀޡ
һ棬־Цĳ˽װģ
ҲõӦʣǲˣ
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ȥ
Ȼ֪ЩǹΨһ졣ÿͨؿÿ춼˿أһʲô쳣ʱ֪Ϣ
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걾ڵϵȰֳ֣ɵ޵һɲǣǶͬʱվɫĿǰǸֵ׳ĸߴˣ֮ͫӿݵ
գգۣ˵ʲôͼ޳ļһ£أóֻԴкķʽǡ
СǣȻǺģûиҶ
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ֺֻЦ֣ϸǡ
ѽô
ȷϲ
ҡ
ֿ϶Ļ˵һ룬ȻƳһ겱ϴƽ
ٿҲͬƽ
ȻǰԼļʱҲͬƽΣգǰһ׵ȥġ
ΪʲôףΪʱǻˣǼֻδСʨӡ
ֶپתһƣۼֿ콫ȡ
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š
԰־ֲŵӣȴǵĵ˵ͷ
˼ϣУ׷磿ů
裡
꣬ͬĺ
ӽһǾһ衣
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ÿҹ˯ŵʱ˾ͻǸ֮Ȥ¡
ÿνŽţůͻΪĽˡΪůС岻ãܰ谮ԣ֮ĸõġ
ôȥˣӻǰһûиı䣬ôƯֻҪͷ·ϵһпѶֵõġ
ޣǣ
ֻھ޴ﻺֻεޡ
ûǾҹ˼ĺӡ


689 

ִӣʵ
ԼĺӰУ׷磬ů
ǰǲ࣬δΡ
ʱ䣬ӦҲֻʮҡ
СİůŶһˡкͰ׷磬ԻҪȰů߼ס
ôôܳ
²ʮ꣬Ҳֻһӡ
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оûкúõıǣҲûչ˺ǣȴȻ˴ģ
裬Ϊǵƽǲܽɳ
ͬʱؿڵķԺЦ
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Χŷص˺ܶǰͬǣǰǻΣֻܶڰϣڿǵİǰˣĸвˣһĻѾء
ֿźӴõĳԼķˣʱοޱȡ
׼޾ͰסֵȥĶ
Ҳ֪ǽʳܲԣȥ
ˣǣȥ
ްԵ˵꣬ȥˡ
ó𣿡
ۼϵķ˱Ƿưɨ⣬еޱ㡣
óԣʳȫóԵġСӰůÿĽԵĳ˵ŷеĻ
кͰůҲں治ʾӭϡ
Ե㣬ǣôˡ
İů˲˰˵仰ʱ꣬ͷʣǲϲǳ𣿡
Ϊոհǰ˵ǳʱҲһ̫ĵı顣
ûвϲǳߣֻʱһ㣬ǳԽ죬ͻϵԽ죬ԺǵʱͻԽ١
һͬʱͣ˳ԷĶ˫ͫҲһڰϡ
裬㲻ϵġ
ԣǲȥ
Ǹ
˵žʹƾɵƤڴͳһ
Ƕָֻ׿ǴСǵģ̵ĹâʹЩۡ
ֿһ۾ŵˡ
޾
Щ޾Զ
ûǣҲ᳤Ƶġ
кͰ׷Ļð޾ůʡ
Ǻܹһ⣺Щ޾ôģ
ǴһһʱŪġ
ůĸףɵĻӦ
Ǹ˵޾ǳŪҪɱĹ޲СǴĹر׺
ţһһֱ壬ɱޣΪľǸ
ֶ򣬹ֲÿȥʱһֱƣ˵ʱôٳδ顣ԭΪԼֻһʱȥȡ޾
޾Ū˶׻ǡң⻹ӡҲ֪ڼ䣬˶ա
裬ôˣ
˵İ˲ø鴮Ƶģ޾Ըоš
˺һţȴ֪Ǻá


690 Т

⼸ɵӣԼҪʲô޾Ҫǽƽƽ
˵иʲô⣬֪ǻ
ԽԽ׵İ֣곹ײ֪ôˡϾʮ꣬ңڰ޵ĸףҲ֪
ģ⼸СӣһҾǰ֪ˣͲٻ
޵һŭȣСֻĿֻš
ǽȭͷ½Դ£˲䲼Ρ
ޣ㲻Ҫǡû
ֲᣬ۾ͱͷǸ滨ӣޱۡ
æǰʣôˣ
а׷ů˵һûлΪȥɱˣΪ˾Ƕȡ޾͸ҵ
޾أĶҿ
ɿģʦҵһÿ޼޾
ڴԵɨһ󣬶ʱŭתЦ⼸޾ĳɫܺãɱĻҲͦġ
ůǳޣ˵޾²ŻЧ
ţҵ֣ҵķ緶
޵֪ԺҲΪӳˣ üΪ͵ɨߵӡ
ȴǲСָͷصʲô緶Ͳ̫ðһô죿
ʨԴС͸ðգΪǵİ辡ȡТҵȻֹ
ּ˵Ȼȴѹͷ˵ǵİȫҲŲЩ޾
Ҳֵ֪뷨һΪ˺ӣɺǳҪ󣬳ҪǸ飬õΡȡ޾ȡôԵĵһǲΪҲΪİĴԶȥЩ⼸Сһģֻǽһǰˡ
ǶˣҲûΣգͲҪˡһ˺òײžһҪǲˣǶѹġ
޸ŰֵͷһİοšҲðʾܲҪġ
ҲǸģͬʱҲٰոô֣ƴһЦ§ſ޵ĸ첲ͺݺҧһڵ㣬һܽôȥðգӽ𣬶ڼֵء
ֵأ뵽ʱŰ﹵͵ĳһʱǻ϶¶ڴ˷ܵı顣
ϣٰ硣
ٰòƵһϲ·ҪôΪף̴ʤ̣оλ
һΣȴΪףСֻƽ
Ϸȡ
ֺɯһ𣬸п˵¡
ڻΧ
ֻǣΧڵС
Ҳ˵赸Ųܻͬ
ĶӢˣ˲δԵĹע
Щ꣬ڰֺͿ޵Ĵ£ѧֲСˮвϵ·ʹǵԽζ
˴˹޻ǰԵʣһ¾ͽ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ԣĴҲӣÿ궼߰˸СԽ磬ζŹĹһı١
ֽ㣬ʱ졣㿴Ƕôˡ
ǰ
ҸʱҲǸСҲӵˡһ̥ɯԺ󣬵ڶ̥ҲԸ糥˸ŮɰĪٱãһҫ
ǳÿãһΪʿǰ׷磬Ǹһģһ
οĿԼѾĿĺӵҲںܲܳΪʿܿƽƽģһǵĹһӡ


691 ͷ

Ļɯ̡͡һֽ̿㣬ĵҲ̫˰ɣô㣬϶дϲġҪҸǵˣôأ
ɯ̣ܲҵ˼ҪİһһİҵĴԣ¸ߣİҶֵܷأ˵¶ޱȵǳ磬Աͺ٣ĴԾ͸ˡŮġǶӡȴǺܺ¡
ΪЩΪùߵĴԣΪԱԭȴҲ֮µı̣ӳһԱƾռǵһ
۱۲ܣȻ뵽ԼĶҲľͺܡ
ɯ˰ֵ˼ԭϣİ飬ǰġһӣֻһһۣж˼롣
ֽ㣬ºʵְɣ
ɯȻкܶೣûеǻܶ棬Ҳ׵ĻΪ棬Ψ棬ǿͨЩܽġ
۵⣬ǧǰγˡ
һƶҲЩبŲԭı䣬ҪС
֪ı䲻磬һᾡıǡ
ţֻҪĺӽ㹻㣬һһİǣԸΪǷƬɭֵˡ
ԼΪ㹻ޣһֻߣΪŮΪ

ںŽ
صİֻѬζ
סķ䰲׵Ѿ۵òС
޸ż𣿡
š
˯ɡ
ϴ衣
ȥˮ֪ϴˮϰߣæľȥж
ϴ裬춼ˣֱޱëëһһ
޴Ӻ汧סǵĶ䣬ֽ쵽ؿڡ
һ˿һ¾ͼ
Ͼǰ춼ֵķڣֱŽ
Ҳ˵޴Լûˡ
ʱ䣬͡
֡
ڽһƣ߽ŻӦ
֣Ѿܾûˡ
ϲȴί

ֱžۣӦġ
һķʣΪʲôѽ
ڳˣסڸڣΰ

˯ɡ
СӣȻǻҺµģҾͽǶϳȥ
÷ھ˵Լĵʵƻ
⻰ԣҲŷҿʣǵļңҪȥѽ
˭˵ǵļˣҵļҡҪԼļңóԺҵԼĴԲܽԼļҡ
˵оݣŪðﷴ
ڲûгꡣ
¸ǸǼ䷿ݣֲǲʳ

찡ˣûϻĵĸס
֪׶ӣ֪ģΪǶ񶾺ء
꣬ŸջؼҲһ죬ҪٰǸϳȥ
أҲ̫ˡ
㲻˵ǲͬҵ˵
һϲֽȦ뻳ֺ׵ʡ
֡žһƴϣ𣺡ͷӣҪٸҰҵĶӸϳңͰҲϳȥˡ
ͷӣʲôͷӣ𣿡
޶ʱܴ⻹ǵһĿǺ˵
ǰĴԣôΪǼСӣøĸҹһ
Ӷһˣ㲻˭ϣ
ߣǾǳøһҵǷһǰǿ
ʹɡ
ţھԡ
쵰ҷſٲ߱Ҳ


692

磬磬ְǲڳܣ
ڷ䣬һ׿Ĵϣͬʱྪ޵ꡣ
ϴȸ϶Ӣᣬɰ
кͰ׷ůѯʣĬĬĵ˵ͷ˵Ӧǡ
ô죿
ůʵЩѹΪ밢ְ鲻͡
Ҳ֪
кͰ׷ȻǸ磬ϾҲͬһİӣԸĸ͵⣬ҲԵ޲ߡ
˲û˯⣬ͷԵŸݴĶ
쵰㲻Ҫҡ
ɶͲ㣿
ǳ񣬲ǽҲһִ߰ĳƺаǶ϶
СֻһۣԱɫ
ǰů磬ڸ𣿡
п˿ŵĵܵܣһʱҲ֪ôشΪҲ޷ȷǱǲڴܡϾǰĸйҵִ
ܰɣô۰裬ôܶ԰趯֣
׷ֵǸʲôԻȽ侲Ҳϸ˼⡣
ϸ
ˣǱߵѾ޷ƵıСֻҲԽء
鰮֮ǣֵֻԽԽʹ࣬ÿһǵüͷø֡
һСˣܲ˰죬ⲻ
ů⣬ֺڶ԰費
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׷ҲǸֹһǸð˭أ
һԼİ֣һǰ裬׵ˣĴЩǸվһߣ
ţǸ鷳
⣬ܰů˾񣺡Ȼǰﰢ裬ˣǿǴӰĶġ
׷ԥС˵òԣûа֣аҲǡ
ůŭʣô˵Ҫվһ
׷磺Ҳ˼Сᡣ
ˣˣȹȥ˵
ڴеĴ£ĵ˰ֺͿסǼ䷿š
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аƿ޷ǿ޵֮дײǽڵҡ
Ҫ
ټһ£Ѿˡ
ޡˡ
˼ŴϢĶԷʹжΪҡ
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Ȼǿȴһ൱൱Ļ档
ѹ·İ裬ѹ£˽ĲλڵҲǹŵġ
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һܿ˾ǰ֣Ϊʲôҽȴǰأ
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Ҫʲô
סڽһֻɱſվŵТӡ
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þ͸ȼúһ㣬찡׶ӵײ£Ժ󻹻


693 ĸ

ӽŰɢɱԲĴ˸
ȻϵֵǴˣǻȻ֡
ҡҡֵΪʲôˣԹ
Ϊ磬Ҫͦͷµĵܵܣֻܳԭ
ǰֵǵİ裿
˵Ļȥƺƽʵ򰵲ӿ
ֵͬʱ˿ĭ亹͸һ㡣
ůܱ裬ɡǸ
ʲôΪһǰ費
޶ʱðֿ̣۰ˣ˺ԼҲܶ԰жĲ⼸СȴΪԼֲǸµʱ򴳽Ժֵֹƾˣһ뵽˺ܶȤ޾Ҫԭرը
ֻ֣֪ࡣ
֪ܵ˵˻ŭ˰֣æмС
ܵܰůȴԼдţµǰһʣûж԰費ڸʲôΪʲôᷢôѹѵΪð費ģ
ģֻ۾ǰ費ˣոնÿҪˣȺСȴ˵Լˡ
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ɾһֱԼϣĺۣó
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֡
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š
Сͬʱͷ
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Ѿܾû󶯸λˣϴλΪˣһдֻһô֦ͷֱֵۡ
ӣܲܶɱɡ
аů׷һͨŭ𣬼ʹʮҲˡΪѾӦԼٲߵĻֻܰ᲻˸ݽǸ˺Ƭ
ֻһߣ޵ԶӰϻ
һۣԡ

Ϳһī汻Цİᡣ
㻹Цó
˵ƫ¿ҵġ
֪ˣҾͲȺӡ
ԽԽջȴԽԽЦ
ܹ˭أҪʱſˣҲûǰɡ
㻹ЦУòҡ
˵ţְ̽˹ȥոû顣ֻܽոյİ֮
УִһΣ
һв˵
šüӦòˡ
ǿɲȷǿɵҵİΣˣһҵһûʲô壬ܾӶľ𣿡

ǰոձŹһԺǶһ¾ͱòǿˡҪһΡԺ󶼲˸ô죿
ôҸôԼҸ
㣬ĳҲֻҧߣһȺӣֻǰ裬ȫû֡ǲʣԺҲҲ塣
޵ĺðֶʱֲԤУʲô


694 ˵

糿ԵĽӺʹбȥǷ䣬ȴûпӰӡ
Ҳһ˴ȻʲôҲû˵ͳȥˡжʱһ⣬Īǿֽѵȥˣ
Ͼ˵Щݻֻء
ܵĥæͽΧȹȥѰҸӼˡ
˺þãûҵӣɷѰˡ
մӹȷǱ߻Ϲһ¨ӣﺬһβͲݣ·ЩŵϴŻЦԶԶȥмСåƦ˧ʡ
˵ôȥҲûôı䡣
ʱֻøΪ죬ǰ˼ֳ
ҵ𣿡
ڲԶ޵ӰЦտķɱ˹˵ͽڻУҸԭתȦȦ
Ϊӻ˼ȫϣǵԼġ

ſδɵĺˮζֱϵĺöͷۣļҪȥ
޲ӵķӲĴϺݺһڡ
֣𡣡
ֱ˵һߣ˲ʲô𰡣˵ǱŪȥˣ
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Ȼأһ磬ôĥˣ
Ž޵ʣΪί˵ҵĥǣڻûա
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Ӧ˿϶ֽŽɵˮȥˣ
Ϊժȥˡ
¨Ϸ£żһƳɳԾҪ
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ǵģһ꣬һûҵġ
λôգϴҪժҶȥôȥ
һ֥ڵλãʶʹΪۼ֥ĵطĺΣա֥вע⣬ܾͻǡ
ϴξΪаڣ޲ûժ˯ʱȥ
ûϵҵժ׵ġ
㡭
޻˵ֱתȥ
ΪһȴͣĨᡣ
ôˣҵĺ֣ᰡҪǼСӼˣ϶Ϊ۸㡣
ȴʲôҲû˵ֱӾ¨֥һѽ˺˸ϡãȻӵݺݵýŲȡ
ĿɿڴĿһĻҪֹȴֲ֪ôβŵ֡⡭ⲻһֱҪ𣿡
ҪҴû㸶Σȥõ

ҪȥΪȡЩɲҪ㶮Щ֮ǰҪġ˵ʧȥ㣬һлʲô壿

ޣܴܲӦңԺҪȥðյ飿
ĵˮԼΪԼȫ޵òѵģĻپܾ
ãҴӦ㡣
һ˵һ߽ڻԼؿ
ůĻð֥ʱգ̲סþ档
Ϊʲô
֪˵ȴЦ
ҺõѸȥұԡȻӣҸĺһŰĺӡ
ޣ
𣿡
ǵȻУȻǼҲϲҵŮҪǱ˭۸ˣҾҲŹǡ
㲻Ů۸͵úúûš
֪ˣԺҷĲٺðա
ȥɡ
仰Ҳȡˡ뵽һᵽҿڣҲż
һ¡
ô
ЦĨ˰е飬һĶͷȴǿ˺֥һһ

㲻˵֥п飬ˮǼȻˣϴɾҲӰɡ
ǲӰ졭
ǾͲҪ˷ѡ
²Ϊ
ԺҲðѺọ̈вף֥ҲϰģʵǱ뵽Ժһȡѵȥɵöݺݵ档
ٴǽæĵͷӦţ²Ϊ
ؼҡ
ؼң
ұ
á
ס
Ҳá
ڼ˵㣬˵㣡
ޡ
һǣֲϢҪˣ޿»Ź
˼ңѾˣǰİְ裬˶Щɵۡ


695 ŭ

ܲỳҰô˰ɣ
޳СƳһۣҲǴֻųֳԼס
ûװ֣ĳԼļʣУ׷磬ůǳ緹𣿡
һȵҡҡͷǰůı飬һɵĶ
쵽ȥڳ׼˺óԵġ
һкóԵģ۾
漴־Ͱõ緹һһ˵ϡ
ǳʱ򣬼ԵҲʹá
ǳԵࡣ
ޱǵʳҲʮ꣬ʳˡȥȥֵʳǳԹ⡣
Ǳһ˵еڳԷʱҲٶȡ
أȻܳԡޣ˵ʲôǣҪ㰢֣Ե㡣
лл衣
˰ΧҲپнʼſ˳ԡ
ˣȥˣôȥǷʱ򶼲ڣ
ůһشĸ׵Һ͸ȥĪˡ
Īϣ
š

׷ӻĪϰڼҵĸٸһ·ӡ
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ĪҲǵġ
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˵Ҹ޴ˣû뵽һɣǶˣҪȥ¼ң˵ԼЦ
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ǰ仰Żúõģɺһ־Ͳ˲Ծˮϡ
겻ĸΪʲôôӦظһǸոյĻ
˵ǰ쿴ĶĪ˵ˣ
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š
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ֱּҪˡЩôܶ˵ǲ֪ô£ɱһͶ
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ҡҡ
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ҧҧҾ͸ǰֵĻǸϳȥ
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׷磺
ů
ǰʮֵĶǳԲڿǾǳԵ̫š
һգҴҵҪߡ
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Ҳһ޹˵һûء
ʲôԣˡ
дŭĻѸ˶˵ûͷ
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ǰת߸ȵǣߣΪǼӣұ۵û緹ԣڻҰǣûţңǱһûü㡣
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696 ǵı

ǶΪҲǵˡҲֻһʱġ˶ãֻ½뻳
ΪںСʱ򣬰ĲǡжƤ˵ŲˣʵʻǷǳ۰ǡ
Ȼһأʧˡ
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һ֮³ǣûóԵģû˰ϴ·û˰ʰ䡣
Сֻ˯ĵط˿Ѿûʲôˡɰ˻ǵʲôҲûҪ֪һܰɾˡ
еȹˣŻⳡΣ
ģСֻΪðԭ£ÿ춼ڰǰ֡
˵ϲڿˡ
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Ҳڼ䣬ȹӱԸˡ
Ӵȵβһ飬˺ôڣһ͸ʱΪеһ㡣Ŀøݣв߹⡣
мȹ˼ΪգΪѾһˡǰüҲˣǰ迴˻ڵһʱ첹۶ѿƿڣ趼ܷøµһ
ڡ
û취ҰæҲֻԼ֡
ϧķϼ͸ů㼼һ׾ӵüֱͷۡ
죬ֿӴһΪԳƵȹ׼šȺߣȱɡּǵãȹһԼµģǳߴ绹ǳ̣Լ൱Գơôϱأ
ţӺȻתźȻȹڰβλþȻкóһϵĲ
ǲŤŤͰͣͷɿ壬ԶԶȥǵһ鲹һڶƨϵĻ򼡣
Űеǰ߶ǡ򼡱һᶯһῨιһִȸ
ֻôô죬̲ססС
ĸ׺ԼΪ˻þ˼ܳĻعͷһ΢Ļһ衣
ȹô£
εŤͷһۣ첻СŪˡ
˭ģ
С˵Լ
ôȥ˲Ц𣿡
Ҳ֪ô죡ԵЩִ١Ҳ֪ԼòãѾļˡ
°졣
εĿɵӣúֺЦ
ĸҪԼȹӣвɸ˵ûˡ
šһҪѵ
æֹͣǲɵҪѻѸ
õİ衣
ʵѶԣֲںΪ˴ȹ⣬滹һСڿ㡣
Сڿ㱣˽λҲǰġһֱǣ͵ܵҪ԰Ҳ׵Ľλ¶˿ǶԼأҲǶԱ˵ء
ֻСʱȹӲãôʯͷѹƽԭŤȹӣָµһ
дȥ⼫ˣܾܵʹ˵Ѿԭˡ
ܵ˶Ľôġ
б׷ůǳݵŪƮƮȻһʱҲֱӾͰѾ˵֪
ֵһ Ըлϲ
ǣֵܵȹƿĿһҲһ
ϣз졣
磬׷졣
ϣů졣
һ۾۵ö˺Ѫ˿
ޱԹôԼȴȻ֡ΪһΪĸ߸ģúǹϽʳҪǴøɾ档
һҹ㷢ĲԾ
ԼСӴһĳţҲͬ飬ԼȹȴǺܽʵǵǻǳ
ڶ죬һ⽻ͷӶþ衣
һ뿪޾ĵĽ
ȻͿһĻ
ů磬㿴
УôؿŪˣ
ůطˣûж
Уаɣ˾ͺá
׷磺С̫ˣ㿴ҵģҹҸŪ֦ģѿû̫ƽǲǺܱ棿СĳƵһ
һӿɽ̵ı۾ţǶܴͲױ跢ŷ첹Զ˵˵
佱ˡ
ֵϲıһУⲻ֪ȴһŭֿµȺӣҲǵĹȡ
˭
˭˵
ͬʱֵĳ
ůҺ˰ֵ
УѺȥ
ůǲҪˣ
׷磺ǲҲȥ
УŸܰ


697 ⵽

Уů׷ı޷Ժֵܶ⵽һʷǰĶ
ʱ׳۵ĳ棬˵嶼˺䶯
һϣһǽϣһױˮ
Ƥ٣裬аĻħֱֵҽС
ǲҽʹ÷ԲһҿѻȺ˶ҪԶɡ
һβʹĽѵԺСֻӵĳȥ˺ü죬ֱڿ˵飬ǲŸʵؼҡ
ҲǴʱǼҲ£һԲ顣
ϣԹȣֻǶڴ衣
ָ·ʱ俴ǳְ򡣶ʱһ֪ϴԼǷ첹ȹӽƻ±޷ֺⰤ˴򣬿û뵽Ǳôҡ
ôùȥˣϻ鲼ɫı޺ۡ
ȵǻݣ־ͽƵҩ˳
ɵĶԾԼЩ˳·ˡ
겻ҲԹˡ
Ƕ¡
һź󣬰־ϣƵҩһһá
۲۰ǣ
ԭڰҩҸոͻȻ᲻Ϊ飬ǡ
Сֻ˲жֱҡͷ˵ۡ
ô᲻أ㰢̫ˣ׶Ӱô֣
׷磺飬ֽѵӦõġ
УûҲôܵƭ㡣
ůҲ뿪磬֪ҪҲܳ
۶ô˵ֻҧߣҲôǡİɣֻعġ

ҹϡƺ˯˹ȥ
˯İ֣Ȼһֻĸ첲ƹ
ڰֻûһ˿Ӧʱ򣬶ԷѾʼ޼ɵĹء
̡ۣ֡ץԷĴ־͡ડһ˻ȥ
һвԾ
ûʲôѡ
ԼҲ˵ԳԵ鷿Դм洦ɱһЩû˵ļ
ԣ㲻ɶʱ򣬿ʱҲ˯
ΪܸһɡֵķӦЩͷԡ
ʹ֪ԭҲˡ
ôˣ
ҵĲӽŰֵĺ󱳣ѯʡ
оĿƶ˾롣
ҡ
Ļֱ͸ƽˡ
ôˣ޼ÿʼͷ
ʲôﲻ
ңʲô
һͿʼ䣺ϴ˵ӲССĳͷһǡ˵ȥ
ǰҾССĽѵһǡ޻ӦȻ
ּ֪תͷǽСѵһƤϾûһ⡣
ԭΪ飿
ѵأַʡ
޵ֻ֣Ƥ˶ѡǶҿ̣˶ܲ𣬽ʲôϢ
Ҫ𣿡
ûУֻǳԡ˵Щ̴СԵͷܵΡ
ҲŲš
ģСʱҰıӿɱǶöࡣ
ô˵ô˵ɣԺҪٸӣҾ͡ͷ˵գСֹ䣺˵̣Ҳҵĺӣ㲻ۣۡ
ţϢˣСӾȻ״
һ¾ʹӴߵı飬ҪСֻˡ
дȣڻֵĹϵǻòͷ


698 

أ
ֶթʬĿޣ
Ϣùҡ
ֵ˯ãǼ̵Ҳ˯
ûҸ״ҾŶҪٸҶǣҸûꡣ
֡
Ĳ˵Ѿ˺ܶ಻ĴҪ۸ǣҾʹҳߣԺĸ˹
ʲôΪǲҪңܴɲǼ䣬ͫĹ⡣
ּóƣԾɲһ˿ķԡ
ˣҲҡ
СֻڸϢţĻֱǸжʹ顣
ûİǣǣΪǿֶˡ
ֺ˿һۣҾͺãȥǵǸ
ʲôȻһߣֱԼġ
ǸּĻظš
ûиȥǰǵǸ
ȻдȣҲдΪԼĲѾ˳ͷҲΪԼΪǱʾǸ⡣
֣ܻܲʽҿǵİ֣ҸǵǸԺһôǸǰ̧ͷ˵޵ѾøһˡʰǵĵĳԼǵҪж磬ȴҪͷϴ⡭ܲˡ
Կ޵ģ̬ȻǺǿӲ˵ǰˣǵҲϴǴԾǶԣŴ˻һϻӷͬ
УҲȥ
뻹̫ˣһξܾ˽޵Ҫ
ȥȥ
ҡ

ֺȻŶӣ鼫Ϊʹࡣ
޼״æѴչôˣﲻ𣿡
ܣǸǲǸ
ҡҵǸǸвУ
ֲһѡЭ
˵ģܷڡ
ҿôˣ
Сڿ޵£ͷ΢΢ļϣûʲôǶӸոʹһ¡
״̬Ǻܺá
һЩۣƣ˵ֿҪ´æְסҪ
ţֲȥˣֻҽ㿴
뷨Žɿ̫ˣǱȥͷ˼ˡ
Ҫ
û£˵ɣЩˡ
㵽һ˯
š
޺ͽԺ󣬰ҲˣԹԵɵ޻ͷıϵζûһͱ۾˯ˡ
´೤ȳƺҲ֪Ѿ˯ţͷһǺҲһ˯ˡ
ڶֻں˯޼ææİҽˡ
ΧĴǰλŰ衣
ʵ۾һĻΪԼˣߵΧҪء
ʵʲôҲûУ̰˯ûʲôѡ
֣ҽ
ۼӺͿ޶ܽţҲ˵ˡĿǲǵġ
һڣֶЩͷˣҽͻȻЦݵĳ˵ϲϲ
ʲô
Ӧˡ
˵ģһʱò֪˵ʲô
ţ״̬˵ˣҺпǸ̡
̫ˣ̣֣Ҫְ
꺢һѰŵİֱ§ڻס
СֻϢҲ¶ϲʤı飺Ҫˡ
ǰ軳˰ãԺǾĸ硣
СֻΪףһã޷ȥĸ׵ǣֵֻܼ


699̵Ǹ

ֿһҼڶΪĵԼҲе˸ˡ
һʼҲԼǲлˣΪ֢ܶ״˺񣬿Ϊ̫ܡ
ΪкڼңɶĴȽ٣ҡܶʱһЩʩ
û뵽ûеסĵ
Ű׵ǿˮĿ޺Ȼ뵽ʲôĽַ£ֽͷϵͷϢһ¡
䣬תϲһŵ˵ǣҳ
У׷磬ů׵ͼ鶼Щ顣׵Ҳӣǻʵʵĸųȥˡ
Ժ棬Ҳ˵ֵֹģֵҲûë
ŰָòҪǲİɣ
ģȴҲû˸ҿȥʡ
ȿȡԲ𡣡
У֣˵ʲô
еСȷʵû
΢ŭһѷߵɿ֧ƬֵǸ˵Բ𡣡
ů˵ʲô
Сӣǲ
ˣڶ˵Բ𡣡
СӱߵĸŵͬĻӦ˿Ƥ
޶ʱӹҲסֵҸǣǵǸΪʲôϾͻаˡϣܺú۰ǵİáȻҪ۰ͱǵİ衣
ǻġ
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Сڶ£Ҳοӻ˵ˣûʲôˡȥ緹ɡ
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׷翴ܵΣգæվ⣺Ϣŭܵܵ˼緹ܿɿڣİֻ᲻ϲ˵ġ
ɲɿڶóԣ㰢УԺκǵչ˺֪𣿡
֪ˣ
ȥ
ǣ
Сֻæľȥ˳
ϴջ϶ˮˡ

Դкǹõˮ©
ǰûкӵʱ򣬿޾Ͱɻʺһ̺
˺ԺԼֱͳ̫
һĲʹϹҲǰǰΨǴӡ
СӣΪҪˮ
Уǣ裬ҪµĻȵģ
׷磺磬㱿ѽڻŰãȻҪȵĲС
ϵİΪĵͷ˵С˵öԣΪúȵıȽϺá
Уǵİ裬Сȥˮ
ˮ־öеˡ
СһУСůӣΪΪҪ
ůĵͷϾͰǽϹŵǱСľȡ
ů裬촥ɣ
ֻûСӾȥ
ּð˦ɹ
ůίԼ˵Ҫġ
Ʋɵ˵ǳǴ
ůͷʲôһ𣿡
ҡҪй𣿡
ǿ챻СůӼˣôôɵӰõǺÿԸһ
찡ˡ
УСܣ㿴ǰˣԺͲҪڰǰ̺Լȥ񷿸ػɡ
ů̫ˡ
УܣǷȥ
׷磺õĴ磬ŵ㡣
ϴ϶ѰַȥںĬĬᡣ
ʱ绹عͷ䣺ѽ㡭
֪ԼʲôԺ˵ЩĶƫƫһܷ˳ǵиˣԶİӰ졣


700 ҳ

ʱۡ
Ѿл±İ֣ζƷźǸı֭
ַڸ߸͹СϣСŮ
裬ǲǿˣ
СӰůڴõĽΪСǱдǫãܲϲָоΪԣԼ
ȰˣԺͻѶԴСָоڰϰɡ
ӦûҪ¡ʱ䣬µʱֻ˲߸ʱ䡣⼸Ӹ졣
ԤڲŻĸ¡
ǰڰﶯ𣿡
ѽھ߰ĶءǸƤܲסġ
治ĻӦþͲ߰˰ɣ
С˵һӣֲúЦǲǣ
ţзĹ⣬һڴĿĸ׵Ķӡ
ɡ
õİůİַĸ׵Ķӡ
Ȼڴ΢Ķ¶˲˼Цݣ裬ڶء
Ҳ
׷Ҳ˹СñůˣԼҲ
Ȼû˵۰Ͱ͵ıҲ
ɣǶҪһŶҪŰá
ͬʱͷСİ˰¡ĶƤϡ
еС͸Ƥܸܵ¶øˡ
ʲôҲûȴЦø⿪ġ
ʱǰԺͻȻ˹Ľһ´˴ǰ
޴Ҳ˳ƿţһֻͣǵϡ
ƣģӦ÷˺ܾá
öǷǺ񣬲ںôɵǰ
ɻţͼɫصߵ˺ǰ
ĳûһͱһ˵ģ
ʲôҲûֱӵĽת˹ȥ
˵־ߵ⣬˵˼仰Ǻֻˡ
ɵúҲˣҲΪ˴ҲҪٸԼӼеѹ
ߺ־Ϳˣü䣬ʹЩơ
ʲôˣ
ûʲô
ң⺣Ժ򣬺ȻҵǼңһйء
޾ȵ̧ͷû뵽ԼʲôûѾ֡
ǲˣ˵
ִŶӼִҼߵ޵ĸǰȹӣܵһ
Ҳ¶˵ǵı顣
ǵĴ㣬ȻǼĴָѪԵʹɺԷ
㲻Ҫ˵
ŶӵĴһ㲻̫ȶ̼ܵסӣпܻ˼ĸ塣ҽġ
ûмҾ֪˵ʲô
ϣġ
Ȼй𣿡
ǵģǵŮûг£ǡ
޺Ȼͣ٣׷ʵʲô
ʧˡ
ʧ٣ôأϣһֱôʧ٣
׼ȷ˵Ӧҳߡ
ôΪʲôԽ˵Խס
ģϣǰ飬˵֮ʱ飬׳ΪŮûͬ⣬ҲûоܾȴϣҪǼ죬ҲΪȻʧˡ
ꣿʲôꣿ²ǲʮôͳˣ
֣Ѿˡ 



701 ѰҰ


޴ŴӰһʰװ
еİһһţĿӰкɷ޵ĲҸһ𣿡
޻عͷֵԹڼ̥һҵġģ¡
ţȥء
ҲԼŸӸ·ֻΪǸӵۡ
޵ͷĿ˰׷ůϣһҪչ˺ǵİ裬֪𣿡
밢ַģǻչ˺ðġ
ûǾԲð÷κ⡣
ڱίʱһĳŵšͺ˿Ҳֶš
ӵ΢΢סֶ֮԰ֶ˼䣬ŴŰлθ·
һһ׳һһСͷʨܿﳾȥ
һת͵˺֮ϵ롣
һŮ˫ϥһϣ͸϶һĨ͵΢âŮϡһͷ˿ĺɫסŮŲɫǴɵȹȹ߹оµĺ׺
˳ȹ£һ˫Ө͸㡣¶ڿ֮нСɣʹ˰
ʱŮҲ֪ʲôֻ΢΢ϣӭŵɫĹΣŮƽ꣬ǳɫϳĽëͬյĵ۵Ĵ΢΢ţҲһ˿覴á
ʱĿһתԶĴɫ˻ԭеʧ
һĨȴȡ֮ü䡣
ûǰŮ顣
ǰ뿪˺һ·Ͼ͵
ϣһ¾ͽꡣ
飬ΪµŮ
ǺһÿɸѡĲͬԽ䣬Ȼá
ձ鿡ףһͨԺÿǳѷס߽֮䣬Ҳί
֮ǰѾкףĪЩʾãֻҪһ仰ǵ˭᲻ϧһе
Ҳףǵеÿһ㺣һǿߣͬǳɫĳ࣬ҲǲٴԴѵĶֻϧȴǲûао
УֻǵɸѣʲôδйĶ
δϣ뿪ԼҪǣʵֻ֪ʲôġ
ԼЩʱȥѰһνİ飬񰢰ְģ˴һܿģ֣ܿ˫Ҹİ顣
֮ǰûҵĶİ飬ԹԻȥΪŮһ己ܺΡ
뿪Ѿˡ
ʱһڼ٣ûİ飬ҲûһĶ˳֡
Щ죬Ҳٵԡ
ЩԴֶ⣬ǻ᲻һڨԼһЩԵߣǿн°ߡ
ϣѧ˲ٵķЩ˶ͳͳƷˡ
Ҳ˰ɣ
񰢰ְİҲֻһ⡣
Щǳª̰̬Ȼǻ纣ףĪǡ
ҪҪȥ
Ŭ˼⡣
γȷеЩʧɾȥΪĲ̫ġ
޾˼֮УͻȻǰֻע
ǵֻССʱеģǰϵģһֱû˵һȥ˰֣ȴʾǳεƭԼ
ȴ᲻ãΪ򣬲˽һĵʱͻֻ档
ԼΨһѣһ̾ʹϣ˵Ҳᶯĵй¶


702 

ָڵĦһ飬Ķ˵
ľٶѾֹǧٴΣڵıͨ͸ѩףٱ긧Щ⡣
ܷĶ
ʮһص뷨
ΪǲԼǰ㣬ڵһͷԥķ뵽ӣ֮УϢһһ峺͸ʹ˳
ԭܹأ
ڵó֪Ժ˻ˣִ˼¡
ڵرʱʱͣ
һö
鴵𾢣ȴȻ֪Χʲô仯
ڣĶҾŵĳ߾£
Χˡաķ֮Ⱥ֦Ҳ򼲷ɡ
ɽеܵʲôѶϢڷһϣض޷ض΢𶯡
о˵ڶڲһǰδеĴģ¼ڷ
۾ʱ򣬺ȻǰһĻˡ
ΧôȻôСģܵģϷɵģˡ
޲һֳϷԼͺԼǵŮһ㡣
һæڴӴŲɵ۵ĶһУһʱҪ룬·ڶΧĶˡ
ĽӲĳ治֪ά˶ãֱһֱġÿһС
ꡪһһֻͣĽ£ھıһɫˡ
ձ˽еߣŵʵȳƣʵСȼֳ˵ı
תһ̣ĳ΢΢ס
һʮֿŷգɫ΢ŸճĺһƬǿҰĻ磬ֱʮ㡣
ԷԼٶȴ˦˦ͷĳ嵽ĸǰһѽס𣿡
ף
˭ǰף
û鷴ӦԷѾçײȲĽ§˻С
źܽʵҲůԼţĪļӿ˼֡
ףҵˡһΪⱲҲټ㣬ҹһǱҸжˣŻٴλصҵߡ
ԽԽԽ߶߶˵ЩĻ
оԼٲƿܾͻϢˡ
šſȿȣſҡ
ǿҵǺȣɿһɵʧ˻ûг׷֡
Բ𰢰ףҲǹģֻǲʧȥ㡣
ԹԵĵǸڼ˷¼ӽ񲡣
ҲŲʲôףÿ
޿̵£ǲСȭͷȥԷ˫֡
ǰס
ԷǿӲĸš
㶼ûп˭
⣬Էһͱѹûϳһˣúԩ
նԷĿߣϣ˹Żɿ
漴̧°ͣʼϸģ
Ͱ׳ú񡭡ֻϧԽ¿ɫԽ
Ƭ̣ŭʧ˵Ȼ
ǵƣͬĺڷͫһĹĲǰס
Ȱ׿ȥҪСܶ࣬ۡҲȰ䡣
ʱ䣬밢״ʮδˣ˵ٻᱣҲ
ԡϴˡ
ʧѹһһΪɫĳ࣬㲻֪Ǻ˻ǻˣԾɶһ˿ͬ顣
ǸҲҪҵˣҪˣԼء
Ҫ뿪˲䣬޳ĴֺȻס
վס
ʼͷˣ˫һݣ飺֣˵ҲҪҵİס


703 Ů

һ˿˵ΪʲôӵĶ
ʲô鲻׶Է˵ʲô ֱƳĿһֱͣǰ
˵еĹڣȷѯš
˱˼֣Ĭϡ
ҴСеġ
ܡ͸׵Ķ϶һ޶
Ѵʱǵ⡣ֻҪΣվͿԴԼӦߡ
ֻϧһȾ͵ô꣬ò죬һеŷ˭֪Ǹȴ
δ᲻ļһ˵ĿҲ˼֣ôܣҰСϵĶ
㰢裿Ŀһж˼Ѱζ
ûҰ衣 
ʲô֣
¡İˣ鲢˵̫ࡣ
˵˵
Ūˡ
ң㰢赽˭˵ıһ֪𰸵ģʹΪ
˿ȥԼҪƽЩֶζԸܲ׳ɹźúǰòЭҰհףа֡

Ļشϵ˲ᣬ첲Ȼûɿ
Ķһ漴ԳЦЦܴȴĪЩʹࡣ
һǷ˲ŻŰ۵˵ɶԷЦʲô
ˡԭǰףȴǰ׵Ůֲãǻơ
û뵽ô겻ŮȻôˡʮǰһƤ
ʵĶˣڿ԰ҷ𣿡
죬޿̡
ϣ˹ûΪįĽ˻ȥ
šü౻ʹĵطûĳʵʶҰ裿
ģûлشϣ˹׷˰ֵ䡣
ʶþŶԷȻǸҰһ𡣡
Ŀޣѡһҡ
˵ϣ˹ŭȭͷԱһôϣʹҵҡ
鿴˵ֱѾѪȴһȻں
һ˿£ɻΪĸױ׵ܡ
ʲôܣ
˲ͷźѪ˿˼ֶħζ
ҰⱲֻҰһˣǲܺһġ
㶮ʲôΪ㰢ֱһռİ裬㰢Żѡ
ֻǱռоͻõİΪʲôôᰢ£ȴֻһһ𣿶ô꣬Ҳаġ
꣬תΪĳŮѯʣ˵㰢ôֻ㰢һԣ
ûֻҰ֡
ܡ
ôôԵǣ˵ⱲӲֻһԲǡ
ôܣ˵ľʵ
ѵô꣬㰢һҲû㰢֣Ǻֻһ£
ûУҰָܺãһܵܣֻС

⻰һϣ˹ⱶܴ
֪£׾Ȼôĺӡ
Щӣǿһ˵ġ
ڵУǷ˵װſ޵Ҳ޷ˣ
Щһֱ˼ҹ롣
ȻͷӦöԼ˭ɣ
Ψһοǣֻܽĺӣûӵ
ι𣿡
鿴˵˵˸к;ɥͺͻȻǰݣûϣеֻ޾Ȼͺڰ
䣬ϾոԼ̫ˡȻŵߣ־Ĳ̡


704 

Ϊ˵òҰˣɲءΪõҰ̫ˣҵİ֣Ⲣˡ
Сڹϣ߳󣬲ôοˣԱǺİοĻһ˵ȴҲмˡ
ϣ˹ֻǵĿһۣСŮϴŵĴ֪ͺ͵С޼վһˡ
߰ɡ
תⲻٿ࿴һ룬һ롣
ڿԷˣô˻ᣬȻҲ
תҪ뿪ʱǰȻһͷĺڱмͷ׺ǡ
⼸һҲ֪Ǵʲôʱֵģ˿Χǣ۵̰ɱ⣬Ũҡ
ŵˣһСľײϣ˹ϣԷվȣӦѸٵ§ܽӴͬʱͷĳ𣺡Ҳ𣿡
ΪҲ룿
յĻӦţڱķһָ
ϣ˹̧ȥɫȻһ䡣
Ҳͬһʱ䣬ϵĺڱǶΡ
Ϊ׵Ǹˣϣ˹мơ
ȴϣ˹Ϊ̰ɫ
ηƶô
ϣ˹ɫԼ磬֪Ļ̥һǾе˺Ǳø߶Ⱦ衣
ΪǸηƶļһＫΪ̯˫֣ЦޱԺװĵܵܣ˵أ
Щһֱû𣿡
ģߺߣЩһֱͳ塣ֵܣǰ϶ȴδۿҡװӡú巢󡣿أһ˵Ĵԣ˼ȡԽ˥ܣλãҲʱˡ
ԭֵܣѹֳЩ
ǵĽ̸ӦΪ֮λ
ģˡ
ϲý˻ˮȾҪ뿪
ϻûһηƶǼһͰ·
£뿪ϣ˹ȻĶǼһ鱻ǣ
ηƶȴЦôĴԾˣδҲ̫ϧˡ
ʲô
Է̰ʿˮȻһ¡
Ҫ̫֡ϣ˹ҧѪľӦ
ηƶȴµҿɰĵܵܣ˵˵㣬ÿζͬƷĴԣϴεǸϧûõȥˮ飬һҪõ
ϣ˹Ƶʣƾ㣿Ҳʸ񣿡
ǰɽǰӵĸ㣬޿κΡһ⣬ִ͵ɿˣգŷ˹ǣҿ㻹ܲӳҵġ
ηƶ˵գǼԱ󽫾͸Էɢϣ˹һΧС
ϣ˹æק󣬲С϶ߡ
ǵĿ˿أ
ùҡ
У˲ܲ
˷༥ܴе˭
һ죬ҡҡͷܡ
˲ͷǻ£
򲻹Ҳܶ
ȻŮϣ˹һ󣬱óۡ
ȻҴ򲻹ǣ
˵գʹȡһֻƤ
Ƥҵӽ⿪ȻһЩɫķĩ
ʲô
ѱ
ϣ˹ԭ׷ʣѾˡΪʱηƶǼˡ
ͽĵķĩ˳ȥһЩһûз·¶ԭء
ȿȣⶼЩʲô
ηƶ˱Ǻ׷ɨǶ˵
֪
ôˣȰ˸ץӡûϡ
ϴˡ
׷
ҡҺû
ҲǣͷһΣ֫
ô£ҵҲ߲ˣ
ġ


705 Ҫ

˴Ůٴڴ֮У幫ӣ˼Ů𽥲֧ͣ
û°ɣ
ŮϢֹſҪըѵ࣬˻ֵûû¡
ϣ˹˶糺˫գ΢ŵӣȱĽ㣬紵ĺ壬Ʈݣ¿ˡһʱЩ񣬰û˳ʱ߰ĪЩɰ
ôԶ㲻𣿡
Ҳ̫Сˡ
ٶ֮ıޣ˵ôһ룬һʮҲ⡣
˵ϣ˹뵽ʲԣæסʣˣո׳ȥĶʲô
ںײɼһǣɹĥɷĩ룬ʹ˶ЩӣЩĻļһͨͨõһС
ĩõúܿ죬ڸղţҲʣ˸⡣
ԺûЩĶСĲǡ
ԭϻôֵĶϣ˹пţֲηƶûдȺ߹ԭŮС
˿̣òˡǶ˲һĸĹۣŮֻǰ㵥ܴñԼһ㣬赹һ㲻
ң鲢ϰֵʶ˫ֻأһ
ô֪Щģѵĸ׽𣿼ҲǷǳĹ龫أ벻¡
òܡ
Ů죬һǿĻӦ
㶼ңҸö˵һлл
ԵлԺġɱȴװòм֣ƯСѵˣҲֻǾ֮ͣҲΪ˾Լ
ϣ˹Լ˷СҲ˷ḻɰʱЩ̲סЦ
Цʲô
ΪǹڳЦԼʱ˵İüͷ
ϣ˹æûʲôܿɰ
ǸɰĴ̣ˣӦûһɡ
ߣϻˣҵûغˡ
ΪʲôǵðǸһ𣬶ȴʮǧ
ûΪʲôҸûȥˡ
Ҫһһ·һΣô죿
áӲĻ˵ڣӺȻʹһʱġߴﹾࡪ
ˣ
飺ȻˣΪʲôҪôε⣿
ңȥŪЩԵ
˵գɣֳ䲹һ䣺Ա˲뿪˵𣿡
ȷ
ûзĬϡ
ϣ˹ֻ뿪һСҲ֪ľѰһҰ
ᣬƤЩӲ֭㿴ϲֿζԱһҵĽԼġƷ
ôصģ
΢üΪЩҰܱԵʳʳ⡣
ǰ׾ϲЩϣ˹ζŹһӣоһ˿ҸůĹâݣȴǱ鲶׽ˡ
һɲǼ䣬ϣ˹任һƵģ ˾ú֡
һ뵽һжΪ裬Īе˵ҰϲԵģϲԡ
ϣ˹û뵽شһ¹ŻȻҲԣǿ޵ŮȫĴˣӦûȤ
ĬתƶЩһ㡣
𼱣ھȥץҰζ
䣬ϣ˹תŹ߰˷һֻҧİߵ¹
¹Ӧøãϣ˹е·ϣѪ


706 Ϊ

Ϊ˵ĺ֪ǿʳ֮¿ѪȲ̵ĳ棬Ҳ¶ӡֻǾ¹ãƫƫʱԸ׽ˡ
ʲôλ˵
ԡˣ⣬ĸλ
ϣ˹˵ǾȳȰɡ
˵գùǵߵ¹ĺȸõˮĵطƤϴѰһɽʼܻ𷭿
һԵĸɲݶϣǸĿ¶⣬ӡͫʯһ貶ˡȥȣˮһһεʣҲܲˣһĹ¹ⲻ
ιҿһ𣿡
ʰɡ
ɽŶ˽̸
˵һֱ𣬴Ͳ̫Ϊʲôᶮÿ⣿
ŮĻϣ˹˲Ĭ롣
Ƭ̧̣ͷĿǸŮΪ޷ʳջ棬ԶҲ޷һ
ԭΪİ衣
ϣ˹ɵҸ
˻ûܸҰһ𡣡
꡵ʹ˵ֲСı˿ˣ͵һأӵ֮һ뵽ǽǵʳǿ
齫ЩһпУ΢΢Ծš
ʳŻ˰Сʱãɽ඼Ʈɢζ
鼫ſˮĿʼղϴ¹Ų
ϣ˹ѶòУͽ¹⿾ıùǵһΣһ¶˳η۵ݵУĿ˵԰ɡ
ӹʳҲԷͷҧ
ԶӸĸ׺񣬶ССڵģ˹ģ˿žһܡ
һֱҳԣ㲻𣿡
Ҳ
ҪЩ
Ϊ

ֵˣҪΪԼЩеж
ó𣿡
ԷԵ䲻һ䡣
Ļشһֱ
óԡ

ûĿʵںѳԣһζ⣬ʲôζҲûС
СԹ˰ŪĿ⣬ԶǰҲӦ
ܶҪʳﲹ䣬ټڿЩʱԵ÷ǳҲ˷˼ҵ⡣ǰСĵ
Сͷ㰢̺ˡ
˵ţҪͷæ˵Ķ㿪˵ѾˣŲСͷء
ôϣ˹´һۣ˫ؿڣĳζʢ
㡭
ҧûͬĴԱظȷҪСܶ࣬ǹСɽҲ˺ӡ
һԾ
ˣ԰ɣԱ뿪ϣ˹ôƢĺˣһοΪѶԷɺӣһ֮˵ĺӣ˲Ż˿ݡ
˭Ҫ͡
ϣ˹Э̯̯֣Ҳԣø֡
ҽ顣
飿ﷴһ֣¶һĨЦܺ
Ŀ佱ȻͺǰܶΪֺ˵ͬĻһмΪʲôһȴеܿأ
أû֡ķ˻ȥ
ϣ˹
ϣ˹ϣǵôͲһ֣
̽ͷʣϣ˭
ҧһ⣬ʳ׽ʹĻмģһҺܺҲҺҪˡ
ҪˣֺãҲܲµԷпܻδİ¡
û׵ĺӶ˽ˣԼǲҲʱִˣ
ôˣ

ôƸУͺȫ綼Ƿһ˵һӺ̣ܶҪʱֲźá
Ů¶ıؿһϣðſɬһЦҵĿֶһ˴ˣҲֲˡ
ô᣿˵ǰԶķһ޳ǵĵطкܶÿĽĿǵħݿһҪҪһȥҵ֡
Ů΢Ի󣺡㲻Ҫغ𣿡
ʱȥˡ
Ϊʲô
˵Ϊ֮£㲻㲻𣿡



707 

ϣ˹ȥ޳ǡ
ڽǱǰϣ˹Ϊ֧޾
鷢ϣ˹ɫЩ죬Ϊ˼ƽ֮ģõ˵İɣǷһỹġ
ǣ㿴ϣ˹⣬ָŵһʯʾ⡣
Сתӿ˿šüͷ˼ǡʯôҰ賤һ
ϣ˹ͷղҲǾ֣ԲŻһֱǸ򿴡
λ¿ˣǺá
ϣ˹еɻ֮ʣİʹ˹
ͬʱͷȥֻͳһݸվһ΢ЦĿ
ǣ
Ƕλ򵼡
ʲô򵼣
򵼾·֮ˣǳէܶﲻ̫Ϥ˾Ҫݵͬ
ȻĵŶ֪
ãҽй
ҽ顣
ҽй𡣡
ϣ˹
ϣ˹һĻӦǸйԸѹ
һ򵥵ĽԺλ򵼾ϣ˹ǰС
һ·ϣǻʱĸ˽޳ǵԴиȤ顣
Щϣ˹˵ûʲô̫ȤȻڳں˵ȴǷǳ˼
ҿһ𣿡
ʰɡ͹ǰƯò˵Сԣ۶Ĺâ
ոǽʱ濴һʯʯǸĴԣ֪˭𣿡
⣬ערעϣ˹Ҳһ¾۾
˵ڳǱſڵһ״Ե񣿡
ţ
һ˵ĴԡҲǳǳõһѡʮǰҲǳİǳΪ˼صΪһ񡣽ڳſڣٻ
ǳϲ𣿡
ǾͲ֪ˡ˼˵ţڳ˼ɲⴧ⡣
˵һһûǷ˼õôµȥЩĿʯͷϣַ˶üĵطȫּùİʾõò˵ġ
ϣ˹䲻ĳ֮˲ù𶼱ƿԡ
˿ͦģôһȴװͰͣǸоԳ·кܴһ㡣
鵹Ǻϣ˹֪Ҫ׵Ǹĸװ֣ԲŻ󷢵˵ôһѡ
תһ룬˼ҹûʲô캦£ΪʲôҪôһͨһ򱧲ƽ鲻ɷأ㹻ˣ㲻ҲһûеõҰġ
㡭
ϣ˹˵ɴֻ۾Ҳ޿κΡ
λһˣαΪС³ܣѰĵġ
Ȱ˵֮˵һ룬Ժͬʱڵ˭һˣ
ԭǲǰ¹ϵ
͹𶼳ԾѿŶˡ
ǰ£ΪҪ˵أҴǵ˫ޱƥ䡣Կߴ󣬴Ư崿
ѣֻǲ۸̫ˣеͼ𣿡
С
ʵӦͬʱ͹𲢺ίҲû˵ʲôѽո˵ЩҲǸ˽
û뵽ȴ˼
ѵͼңǲøˡ
ǡ
͹鲻ԸĴӻͳһƤ̯кɫϻ޳Ǽͼиλõıע
ϣ˹ӹͼû˵ʹˣֻԭء
ǸˣҪ㣬ΪʲôǸСԡСÿ޳ѾܾûôÿĴˣ࿴۶һܡ


708 ˤ

ιҪǸߣ
ϣ˹˵ˣ
ܴҾҪȥס
ҪȥĶҶԴȥϣ˹мİԵӦš
鲻ĳ˰˵ǻôʣ͸񡣡
ҵ޾Ȩǵȥ
㡭˵һỹġ
㲢ûСң˵ΪѰҿ֣ҵĿֵȻ

ˣ˵֪ͨǸˣͲôˡ
ңڣҲˡ
ѵͼҡ
鲻˵ͼ
Ȼһ黭ŤŤѨһͼĪͷΣָһȥ
ϣ˹ֻƳһۣأԳǰ·
鿴ߵÿ죬Щϵܵȵ𣿡
Էûɰͦصǰš
һͼӿ˽Ųȥ׷;Сİס˽ţĲҽһˤ˵ϡ
ϥǿʯͷϣһĨʺ
ϣ˹һͷͿ˰ſڵص顣뵽߸·ˤûãͼò˼ٶȳ嵽ĸǰΧм䣬üͷһ
ôˣ
Сԣˤ𣿡
û°ɣ
û˵
һʱ䣬˷ݶĹػ֮ͬʱӿĶ䡣
̧ͷſ׳ڳԶΪ֮һ
ոǿӰʱ;̾ԺɣһǸΪ֮̾
ֲǰд޳һλŮһÿʱǻţۼΪʵ֪һжġ
û¡鵭˵ţҲʲôĴԣˤ˶ѡ
Ҫҷ𣿡
һڱòԺæ̰Ĵ֡
Ӧһ˾͸ڣѪұɡ
ҽбأǲĻҿΪ
߿ȿģҪΪ˿Ҳ
ʲô󵽵ģֻҪԵͷ˭ΪЩ
Ǿǣֲģ㻹ռɣ
Ƕұ죬ȣǾҪԴʲôҲõŶӡ
ǣ⼸Ǹ㣬һ磬㻹浱Լϴ𣿡
ȱ˭ȭͷӲ
Ⱦͱȡ
ۿִžҪ÷ǳĿաЩһһûӦôҪأ
ˣĵȥɣҲֲˡ
˻~~ۡ
Լ׼뿪ʱԭǼһȴȻһһӵ˰С
°һͼϣ˹һŭ˹
漴ǰ£Ӧһѽ˻
ĽһѾڿն𣬶Էߣǽߡ
ǼӵеļһվҪ߳壬ȴϣ˹һŵòǰ
㡭
ϣ˹ϵζĲգһʱٵʡ
Էȴɨһۣˤ˲֪ҹæ
գգۣΪôҪ㣿
ϣ˹յûЩһﶼ⣿
̵˵ô֪ǲһģ
ߣҪǸһɽ͡˵ϣ˹ʶʲôæֹڡ
һ棬ʹô
ô
ôˣ

ԷɱæƤĳࣺҿЦġ


709 ƭ

ϣ˹һ˵ĵطʯϡ
ִЯƤڴͳһҩࡣ
ʲô
ĿǶһ̵ۣģճճģеˮţķ㡣
ҩԷɴĻش꣬ʹľʳָһС
ó
𶯡Ů˲䲻Ҷˡ
ӵĿ˶Էһۣϣ˹ȴûлӦԹԵĶǰմвָ˿ڴͿĨ
ͷ񱻸һʥĹâĲУרע
ʶסԼؿڣоʲôƼ
ۣ
ϣ˹̧ͷɫΪԼŪ
æҡͷ˵һۡ˫ȴϼ
ϣ˹״ЩΡ漴ʹ˺һ鲼ƹСȣ˿һ򵥵İ
˻~~~~
ҩʱôۣʱȴˡ
۾ͺģҲЦһСͷġ
˵˲۾ǲۡ
ϲԷΪСͷŭˣҧĳԷ
ϣ˹۵ȴҪװɷúЦУ˵۾Ͳ۰ɡһ顣
ʲô
Ϊʲôû㰢ߣһδĴ̶һ˵ˣ֪֪ǼΣյ飿
˵¶鲻ɵþüͷ
ҵ飬ܡ
ӦôôǸ㰢ìˣ
ûС
ȻûΪҪҳߣ
ҡ
˵Ҳ֪һ̫Ƥˡ
Է˵¶ԣҲýͣ𴽰ͷŤһߣô˵ˡ
ϣ˹ΪĬԼĲ²⣬һݳĳȽⳡУ͹ԹԻȥҪ㰢赣ġ
ǸĴԣ뿪ܳһܵİɡ
˵һȥġܲ˵ڻشԷʱҲֵˡ
ϣ˹ҲóôϲԼɫЩɥԭ˵ʲôҲ˻ȥƣǰԼҲְµˣڿѾͷô̲ס߶߶أ
ֽԺ󣬶˾һֱûô˵
ȿ꼸ݣЩˡ
뵽ǰ죬Ҳû˼öԷȥҳԵġ˴·£ֻͷԼȥһ
ʳûţϣ˹Ҳˡ
Ŀȥͷܶȴûһʶġ
һʱ䣬ù¶ּį˼㡣
Сԣ·𣿡
һŴӵĸ׳˹ʵ
š
ǲǶˣ
š
æĵͷԷ¶⣺ҪҴȥʳ𣿡
ð
̫ˣҪٲԶεġ
߰ɣҴȥҳԵġʲôС
ʳҲûй˼ֱ̫࣬Ӿ͸Ǵȥˡ
ţ͵˼ɽϡ
ɽƬ̵һҲûУ鲻о˲Ծ
ģ
Сԣģҵȥҿץöද㿾ųԡ
޳רŵò֮أҸҪץĶ
ԷаһЦȫ̰֮ɫȻˣǾͲҪ
æˣʲô
Сԣ

ϸǲҲ˼ǽô

򿪶ԷצתҪܡ
Сԣ߰Ǻúġ
˵գ˷ܵĳ˹ȥûץţȴȹ˺һ
Ķ궸Ȼ¶˳ѩ׶ϸΪĶҩ
Կ۷죬ǼһеҪ˵ڻ


710 

ſң
鱻ץס˫۽ǰҲѲ
Сˣ֣㲻Կģһһһá
˵ţһһȥ
žȴӦ
ʱֺϣ˹ֿǸһȻƢͶȴ顣
޹ֻ
ǰԸ˵Ƿùˣ޷ֻܿԼ
ô
˵ԻöԷϿ˹ȥ
˭
ûʱ򣬶Է֪ԼмƣʱѾˡ
Ӵ
һҽУȹҪô˻ᣬõ˶ݵɡ
ݶ룬ʱ񱼡
һ·һ·ž
ԶѲߵޱһλʹĴһԾ˾֮ġ
ԣôˣ
æָǸ͵ϮֱеĻһȺҡ
䣬Ϊ׵Ǹޱߵվ˳ʲô޳ڻ˸飿ֵǣץס
ǸԭĵҪ׷ף˿̿ޱٳΧţŵøϽܡ
Ŀ׷̣Ȼ֪ԼվȴЩ¡
һ㣬ԼһͻǸһ
ΪС͸߹͸һֻܸԼİԡ
ʧȥҲõİ顣
顭
ԶԺеֱꡣ
ͺʱıԵˣҪѰ
ϣ˹
ʶ񿴵ǰæȹھǸȥ

ϣ˹ԼæֻӦ
ϣ˹תԼԭŵ˲Ż
Сͷһôкܣ֪֪ҵ㣬֪ôʡģҵ͸á˵һ룬ϣ˹Ȼ˺ȹգ¶һصѩ׶꣬ɫһʲôˣ
鱾˲õ飬׵һʱί̲סᡣ
ϣ˹ޣŭҲΪۣæ׳ʲôˣް
ҡ
ҲǺ㣬ǵ㡣
ġ
ţЩ˼顣
ԷҲһɲסˣǰȻܵ
ȱô࣬ȹôˣ
Ϊ˲߹⣬ϣ˹æԱժ˼ƬƴҶ¶ĵط
Ĩᣬոշһһʮĸ߸ϣ˹
˵Ķģϣ˹ַŭ
š
ɶǸһأ
ޱѾ׷
ġ
ȥĶ
һеҪߣ龹Ľס
Ȼǰ㱨Ǹһˡȫʬ֡
ȻҶֵŮһǲˡ
ȥˣޱᴦġ˵һˣҪΣô죿
ҲǣСԳøһĻ֮ˣ£Լ͸ô粽ĹŶԡ
߰ɡ
һΪԼûԽѵǸһΪʡ
ȥĶ
ϣ˹޹ãȻ˲۽δɵỨ̾һִһ˿ȻǴԶȻƭô죿
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ͷѹСʱӡ
ϣ˹һݻҲ˵ˣס֮⣬ԺҪٸκˡ
Ŷ

ţ
ָҡ
鲻ԣӵİ˳ȥ
ԵĴһѽСְ˲һɳʵּġ
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ֵֺůֺͬĶ˰ȫС


711 ߹

˵ʳҵһ˵£ϣ˹˸к˰ʳﶼ͵ǰ
԰ɡ
һеĿ˵
СҧһڱţԷЩʳ
Ե㣬㿴͸㰢һС
Ƭ̣ͱԷʳˡΪ˲ʳ˷ѣ鲻
ϣ˹Եֳּͷ˵㣬ȿˮٳԣСıҭš
ſͣཹཱུĺ˶ԷˮþһֻСè䡣
ϣ˹ڵӣ ǲɵ
˫һƳȴֺⷢܶʳڳ
һʼϣ˹ΪǱòϾ֮˽֮࿴Ҳ
ǡЩһ￴ͿɣôԽԽԾ
ϣ˹عͷϸһŷֶڣԭ֮ǰҶڵĶС¶ˡѩһƬۡ
СԵļ˪ѩ·һ¶šˮ
ϣ˹Ƶǣ͵ȻȻ֪ĵһС֪ԳԳԡ
ģЩһûǰɣԽԽоеΪ˿øϸϧվ
ϣ˹һһĺȥҪǰﲻԼĵ̣ȥЩһȫٳǿЩÿġ
ž
޴棬ʹϵ顪졣
Ե㱻ҭ̧ͷһ޹ĿŶԷʣ
ʳ˵úģèڽлһӵԱ˵Ķˡ
ǸԲƤãҲܶء
ΧȺһ¶ľ⡣
ϣ˹ʵ޷ܣһѾܣߡ
Ե鱻޴ǣǰУﻹץûİűȥѽ
ҵطȹӷϡ
ûԱء
ȹӷ˵

ѲֻܱԷԵִС
ûãͱϣ˹һ˵ʯңʯ˵ȹӡգǶȰĲ
ԾĿһĻôã
ӿޣϣ˹ԺȴװŲСͷĶء
˵˲СѾҪˡ
ĺһ±仰ƻִֵĽš
ϣ˹û̧ͷԾһе˵㲻ǻûꡣ
ˡ
Ȼû꣬͵ðԼãԺٰЩط¶ˡ˵˵ĻĪһĨͲˬ
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㡭
Ļشϣ˹̧ͷһۣȴ˵
ôˣңҲˡ
Ҹǲһ
仰ǰɽҲ˵ġ
ǶĻ죬ֻˣ˵Ҳᶮ
㶼û˵ҵȻ
գ۾ЩĻӦ
ϣ˹ٶȽȹӷϣ߹ĵط޲һ
ңȥóԵġ
Ŷ
ǰûԱϣ˹ʳǱЩʳ
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ʳԭȵĲͿһ¾ʧ
ָ߸˵ĳ¶ЦݣĳҲһο
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Цʲô
𣿡
ϣ˹һ࣬ϵķʡʵҲûʶԼЦ沿Լ޷ġ


712 

аոЦءһ˵һʳָԷһϣ˹ͳֳһĨԽӲЦ
㿴ˡ
ϣ˹źۼİƿĴͷ
Ųءм㡣
Էϣ˹ԤСһЩֵ⣬Ͳ˻⡣
Уھ֪
֪ʲô
ôãΪҰ𣿡
ϣ˹һ٣Ĭ˼̧ͷŮһְԹĿԼ飬ˮĺѡ
˵
Ȼ㰢裬Ҳù㡣
ϣ˹һ˵һ߹תȥ˫ǳӣ˵û㰢裬ҲãҲúñ㡣
Ȼ
ޱȵҧһֻȣйһ㣬ͣ˺ҧϵ⡣
úóԶ
ϣ˹ͷһԵģЦ
֣Ťͷ
ߣᡣ
ϣ⣬òһûͼˣû뵽ȴΪĹϵ
ʧ䰡Ҳ֪ʲôʱҵһõˡ
ԱԺ󣬶޳Ǹ档
˵棬ʵһ棬ϣ˹ȫ̾͸𿴽ٴζˣֳʲô⡣
ǰƭֵǸ󻵵Ҳޱץ
±Ժ⵽˼ĳͷ
ȱ˳ſʾڣְһٶޣ仹һڣѾĥòΡ
ϵʱ򣬳ű˲ע⣬ϣ˹ĵǱ˳ſڡ
ҪʲôΪ͵͵вĳʵ
ԷȳһĶ𳳣ңҪܡ
Ŷ
Һܿͻҡ
ϣ˹Ժ󣬾ͷɿܳףȻݵһ֦Ĺһ¾͵ǽϡβûһ͵ǸǽϵĴߡ
һж󣬶ԷʱͷɱĲҽС
ŵޱʱѣڸ鿴ʱʼٸѾʧ
ŲԶԭؽ˶ϣ˹ĴǵһĨõЦ
ء
ͷЦЦݺÿҹɫΪ֮Ȼȴǵĵʣʲôȥˣ
㱨𡣡
ţ
ˣĳͷǸһ˵̫ˣҵûȥӡ󡣡
˫ɴ󣬳Ծʣʲôˣ
Էʼ磬һӵûʲôֽŽѡ
Ժһ㸴ԭҲǸˡԺƯԣҲҺΪ
Ҳ̫ΣˣҪǱޱ֣Ҳܳͷġ
ģǲ°ѱ
ðɣȷʵĶˡһһǸ򵱳Ϊ˺Ҳôİ֡
ʲô㶣ȥɡ
š
ҹ
һǣʱϢ
ڷ˰飬ϣ˹ǿҪޱ鵥һӡ
Ϊòʵ죬ҹ䣬ԽЩļһ
Ҳǵ⣬Ĵԣǻ˵ĵǣΪİȫ㿪޳ǵ
ȥɣֻһˣܰȫġ
أ
鲻ĵʡ
ϣ˹ָ˸ͷ£ҲߣҾ棬û˸ҿҪʲô飬Ϳˡ
ϣ˹ֻϣ¶˵ůɫ
ͷãǲֻҪʱ㶼֣
ǵġ
ˡ
˵ŮתͷͻϲĽݣһվſڶԷ
ӣĵ˵߾ߣҲ죬ҹҪôȥ


713 

Щȣ鷭ȥû˯šշ⴫ˡ¡һ졣ţһƳգ޴δӴƮ˽
ŵüһɫˢסĶ㵽˴¡
е죬ԭСϣ˹һ۾
ٻԼ
ڲɵ£ƿţٶȳ˽ȥ
Сͷ
ĺţȴûпŮӰü仮һĨУҲرѵֱʲô˸ˣ
ǿ⣬ûİ˵ĺۼζ˵ƾʧڲǡ

£һ΢ֵӵ
ϣ˹æſ²鿴ȴŮĶڴףǻҵĿš
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תʱŮȴץסֲɡ
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ҪŮҡͷһ뿪ľģһ
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һЩȥ˺ҲǺСֱһΣһһô¶꣬Ȼͱ׵УûãˡһڣͷҲսˣỤ̋״Ϊ¡
ԺӰڴףǼΪֻŵġ
~~~~~~~
⣬һ
춯أҪѴػһ㡣
Ů޷ƿ־£ֱ˵ϣ˹ĻС
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֪˶ãϣ˹ӦŮѾ˯ˡ
˯ţ˫Ҳǽ§ģƺ;ߣֻҪ΢΢һ˫۱۾ͻὫø֡
ϣ˹εЦЦΪʹŮܹ˯һЩòѵЬһ˴ϡ
Ůͬԣ嶼Ļͷļַؿڣ˵ģһ԰¡
ϣ˹ûĺͬʱƴĸԼΪ˱İȫŻˡ
ҲΪ²⣬ʲôǡ
˵ˣΪʲôٶȻûн

ͣˣֹˣҲʧˡ
һҹܿ͹ȥ
˵ڶ죬̫
˯ȻԼɵĵطЩˣʵͫʱȴӭһ˫ɫӡ
һֱӴӶԷϵ
ҡô˯ϣ㡭ô˯
뵽Լߣ˯Ҳ϶ȥżԼʳĿڣĿˮ˵󻹰ĸ첲ɼҧ˼ڡ
뵽ϣ˹ûԼ


714 

޹ˮգ£Ŭľ
Ǵˣܺ£Ϊ˲뿪§סĲӲߡ
ں淢ʲôѾ̫ǵˡ
һͺ˯һŴϡ
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𣿡
šںڵԹϸСһĵ
ǻ첲Դѹһϣ鲻ѣٲƵ÷ϡ
ϣ˹װͰ͵ĻֻŶ
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ϣ˹һ߱Թһ߷𴲡
ҪߣæסҪȥĶ
ҵȻҪȥ˵һ룬ϣ˹ɽüͷһô
쵽ڣѾһˡҪǵҹҲԼẦ¿ҲԼһÿ챬ը
Ҫһ𣿡
ѵΪѾԼˣĿ⣬һ¾ͱޱȾɥ
ϣ˹Ȼû뷨ɴʱȴŮѯʶ׽Ū֮ģӦǰչʵ̫鷳ˣԼԼ
С
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ϣ˹ֵʣΪʲô
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ȥéѾȫΨһİ취Ǿ͵
ôҪ飬ǳڴĵȴԷӦ˭֪ԷʲôҲû˵ͳı˫ֻŻŵǰʲôǺܼһ
ŭԼһԶ˵˽µ飬شԼҲˣȻҪ
ι㵽ô롭ġѽ
˵󼸸֣ŮѾ͵˵κλˡ
Ϊ⻰ʱʶľֳ˶ԷһѣԷڲ䱻תȻͿһֻԵĺڴּһԼķȻ󽦳˰ߵ΢ˮ
ˮּֿ죬ڵϷ졣
ٿϣ˹Ҳڵøعһ
ôҲû뵽ԼڽʱСͷԵ޹ʵһѡ
һԼͽˣ뽫һĻֹסⶫйһܿƵġ˶֮䣬һȪһĶһֱ簡ģж졣
Ӳգųҡ
ĳ˵ҲˣǱʪһƬĵ棬ٿŮ߶ǵͨգֱεò֪˵ʲôźá
ԡԲҲǹġΪһҹԲš
սһ룬Ů͸ɴ˵Ĵ˵ûϵҪ£Ҳں
£ʲô£
ϣ˹üͷ㵵Ŀʡ
ǴͻغģڿҸıˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪҪ°
ʲôЦ
ûпЦҰ˵Բһ˯Ҫһģһ˯ˣǾ͵ý¡УոҲҿˣ˵߳ܵĲλֻչָԼһ뿴
ϣ˹ŮĽͣûһ˿ϲã췽ҹ̷֣ҲŲ¡
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ϣ˹ȻϲǰףŮôܺ£
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Ҳԡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊұôࡣ
㿴ҲϣҲ⡣
ϣ˹յ⣡
Ŷ
Ůˣͷ˵


715 ȥ

һα˾ܾ鵽ʧζܲģһ˳ȥ
ϣ˹Щģȴֲ֪ô
׷ȥСԸѹβһô죿
޾ţԸҳһ㡣׸ô죿
Ϊʲô׵ŮϲԼǰ׸öãĻͻԥĴӦ
ȻֻŮһδĴ̡ͲʲôϲѻɣνĽ£Ҳֻһʱ
ˣȲô࣬ǳȥɡûʲôİȫΪҪ
ϣ˹ûԥ̫ã뿪ķ׷˹ȥ
ٴҵʱѾ԰Χ
վм䣬µǵֺС
Ŀһеϣ˹ؾҧأɫþ񱩷꼴١
ȻǶģոջ˵ҪԼ£һת۾ͺôԾ塣
ȷҽѣ
ޱĿȺˣòһ˿˼̻
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ʲô
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ȥһȡ
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ôˣ
ѯʣȴޱΪѵĽͣСԣǲ֪ǻ޵ϳȥʮΣյġ
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Ǿǣ̫Σˣ㻹ǲҪȥ
ﴽЦҵȻ֪ǻ޳ûĵط
ΪʲôҪȥ
ΪҪ޾
޾ǵȷһϡĶഺפ٣һ֮
⡭
˿ʼ
ǲȥģֱֲ˵ڴǰӣ֧֧Ĳش
ֻҪ˿ȥԸӦκһ
һ䣬ͼ۷ʣʲô𣿡
š
Ǻðɣȥһһȴʮֿ׳˶Ӧ
˾ɶҪȥû
ֻҪܻŻ˵ԸӦκδ㿴ôҽ£Ǹöá
ҲҪܲа
Ǿǣȥʵ̫ðˡ
ЩС߻Ȱ˵ɶʱϣ˹Ѿŭɶĳ嵽ǰһסֵ˭׼ȥˣ
鲻ΪηŭѷԼ׼Լȥġ
Ҫ޾Ҹ㣬Ҷǡ
ֲҪģȥȶȡ޾Ϊ˻顣
ʲô飿
ڽ޳ǣ֧һö޾
ϣ˹˲Ȼû뵽ΪҪȥصȣȳûҪ㻹
Ұ˵Ƿ飬ǸԼɵˡ
˵ɼ֣
ϣ˹ڷԼովܾ飬˲ЩûвɣҸ㰢ѣССһö޾˵ʲô
ΪҰ裬Ǿ͸ҪˡҲΪԼҰǷ顣

ϣ˹˲ԣѾͷôô˵
ιֵܣҪǲȥȾͲҪ¡СѾӦҴȥֻҪ˳Ūһ޾ҪӦκġ
κϣ˹˵ĸֵʱ򣬼ǿдＷġΣͫ˾ɱĶǸдɶļһ˫ȭԾķ
ɶһĨǿΣϢ֣ʶľ˼˼ĭ㡭㡭ʲô
Ҳȥȣ
ҡ
ʶľͿȻոһо


716 ֻ

Էϣ˹еɱסȴ滹ǿ
Ϊңҿǡ
ɶҴĻû˵꣬ͱ˺ݺݵˤ˵ϡ
ûһ˫ѾסĲӡ
ÿ֣ﶼûüϣ˹ͰѴɶſ˵ϣڻΣвһȷʵЩǿǲǡ
ҵˣüֱûۿ
ϣ˹ķŶԷ﷢Ĳмֻµͨ죬ȴֲκ鷴Ϊǰһʵǲεǣ
ĮȻĶʣأ
ﲻȻ˵ϲԼΪʲôҪ飿
ԡҪȥȥ
㣿ɴ۾һ˼顣
ϣ˹ȴĵĵ˵ͷûֻҡ

뿪޳Ǻϣ˹ʹֱȥȡ
ȻȻ̫࣬쳣գƾ֮봳Ǹط򲻿ܡ
ϣ˹ֻɽڵλøȴٳûн롣
磬һɳ伢ϣ˹ĺսƻ
ǳȺУ䵥ʱ򡣲⼸ϵĹ۲죬żҲһֻᵥҹʳʱһٽ֡
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ϣ˹峺ĺһϣæͷŤ㲻ùܡ
鲻Ҹʲô
ϣǷС
˼ʲô£
Уε޾ƻҵ⣬ôܲ룿
̫ΣˣһСԾʵʵĴŲ𣿡
ڵңεʡ
ԣǰ׵Ůʲô⣬׿϶ѹ
ֻΪҰŵң
㻹ϣʲôϣ˹ûķʣһȴĪĸеš
ʧ͵ҰǺҲΪʲôֻܿҵģ
ˣȥϢɣ̫ࡣ
СͷͲԴװֶɲ١
Ȼܿʱ͸ʱһޡ
ֻϧһֱװǰסǰ׵Ů
ԸӦԼҲûˣȥֻա
ƲֵߵԱһôϢûһϣ˹ʹժһƬ޴Ҷֳͷ̫Щɹˡ
ڲûйϵҲϲҡ
һ˵ְ屳ⲻȥԷ
ϣ˹Сͷûл˵ôûͷʹĴԡ
ã˵ã᲻á
һɡϣ˹Ȼ˯ˡ
Żֿ˿ΧһˣŶһȥ
⻹һôĿ
Сĺһģһģ׼ĹƤѩ׶ͨ͸üĿȰ׿ҪһЩʱͫʢѩˮ
ҲѵģЦЦɽҰĻΪ֮ʧɫ
ֻҪһơΪһҹǱһһ˯ġ
ͬϵķĺҲһǳǳɢؼپ
ǰŮλ᲻Ưأ
ϣ˹ԽԽԣ˯еŮӳ쾱ǰСë·΢ƵĹ⣬ޱȿɰġ
£Ѿ÷ӯСĶ΢΢¶һǣչ¼ջ
ϣ˹Լʱ
һ˫ҲƲסĳСںŨܵ㷢ȥ
СԲСķһ߽ʱžʧ˻
ģħ𣿾Ȼ԰׵ŮһֵĸоͬղŻ§ڻ
˷ˣһǷˡ


717 ɱ

ʱѾˡ
۾ϣ˹Ա߼Żѿ⡣
Ųζʹá
ô˯ôãΪʲôң鿴Ż谵գЩԹԼҲ̫˯ˣǰɲһ㶯ͻѣϣ˹ߣ˯˺ܶࡣͺߣô˯ԣһ㺦¡
Ҳֻ˯ŵʱŻʡġϣ˹٩˵
ʵ֪˯ӶÿҲֻ˯ԺŻôĶ
ѾȲƲ𣿡΢Ĳˡ
ϣ˹Ųľý͵˵ô롣
ߡ
꣡
ԭ˵ʲôȻͱϣ˹һϡ
ʶΣգϢһĿŶԷȴֱֵĺ󷽣ʲôϸ΢춯
Ҫˡ
׼ʱ䣬ÿֻʳϴĻ޶ȺùʳԺ󵥶ʳ
Լ⿾⣬Ҳǵע
ΪʲôҪ㣬ҪһԸǡȻҵ㣬Ҳܳġ
òš
䣬ϣ˹ֱӰȻһϡ
Ҿôң
鲻ȴ˼ڲġ
ҲѾĿĵء
εܺãֻһͷޣԸҪ׵öࡣ
ᵽ㣬ȻˣҲû׿ΪҲ̵ޣһᵽ⣬һֻͰ˲Żʳá
ΪУǵΪ̣ץסǲΪ⣬ ҲΪѪͻȡڼγɵ޾
޶ڲݴ۲һִͷݾֻϣ˹һˡʱвΪԻ޵һҪԸһûġǴˣҲڻ¡
ĻҲû˹˼ʼǰ
ϣ˹һУȴװ֪
Ϊ˲ڴ˵ؿսĻǰϣ˹ֱ߷ߡ
ޱͱζʳڿʳ뿪Ȳ׷ȥ
߳Ժϣ˹ĽŲͣ
ٿͷƭĻ޹ȻҲڡ
һ·׷УѾ˼㡣
ΪʳȻûǣ嵽ϣ˹ǰ˹ȥ
ϣ˹ڸϾ޵һ˿Աȵġ
⣬һȦΪҪ룬͵ľͳ˹ȥۼϣ˹ƵһʱɲֱӾͽײϡ
һηʱϣ˹Ѿ뿪ԭλãһ
ײ˺ü֧ʼſڵϡϢͷǱײƤѪֱ
ϣ˹֪ʱˡ
ջԷʳɱֱӾʹܵ޵ĸǰ˺һ
޿ľǰĲˣǳý
ϣ˹ҲûôռˣΪ޾㱻ģҲԴԴ֮ɢ
ӵǱԵģһµЩѡ
ټֵֻ׶͵ʱƷǲס
ϣ˹Щʱֻͷݵһڷʹ˻ͬʱѪһ
ϣ˹ٶŤͷһۣͼ鲻֪ʱվŵ׼޵ĵڶֻ۾
١ݡһ޵ֻ۶ʯӶˡ
ڿ;޴ʹ˫ش̼£ʼַŭˡ
ϣ˹ûǵ㿪Ĺֳ䲻ĽӲ˶Էλá
ڷһԺֱӵڵϳ鴤룬Ҳˡ


718 һֻ

ϣ˹ֱӡ
ǰƤȹˣڵֻǳվ
ιû˰
𵯹飬һ·ĵСܹ
ϣ˹ҡҡͷ˵һ䣺ûС
ƭˣﶼѪˡ 
ؿһĨֱԼĨѪû˿ڳ֣ʱѪϣ˹ģǸոͷޡ
ϣ˹ָǰĵ¶ȣĿⶸȻмѰζ
һ΢ڶ֮䴫ݣæͷŲҲ˻ȥ
ôˣ𣿡
عϣ˹ʼ𣬾һΪ
ȴĻӦ˵˵ܳģ㿴ҪҸոմϹ۾Ҳôء
ϣ˹֪ڹǿʶó˵´ûҵˡ
鳯Ƥ࣬˵Ļ´Σȡ޾ǾҪֵ𣬸û´οԡ
˵Ļ㵽ûм
ϣ˹ˣ־ʡ
֪ոտ֣жൣġ»޻ѹĿתƣСûз֮汻޿ϣֻ·һ
֪ˡ
鲻ͷķţָ͸Ļ޵ң޾ĸλҪȡ
һλáϣ˹üõĻӦ
õġ
ѧŰ賣õOKƳԷ˱ȣ漴Ͷȥȡ޾
ùǵڶԷǰλûһѿڣʱϣ˹ȴͻȻһСģ
ţԷƵһߣڵͣ
۵ʱȴϣ˹ںһͷ޴ıֳĿӣǸոƿʱԼûܶܣ˲Űôһצ
˿˿Ѫ죬ȴȻˣֻͷ˺ҧŤ÷ǳ
ϣ˹ףһʼʹˡ
һֱΪ׷һֻޣʵֻ
ֻһֻȽϴһֱڰ۲죬ȥһֻȷ档
ڸղţϣ˹鶼˾裬ͺȻ˳ϮҪϣ˹Ӧ죬Ѿɱˡ
һ㺦Сԣ ϣ˹ڵѪҺ˲䷭ǰѾһȶ
鿴ϣ˹ͻ޴ҲæֽС˳
Ŀֻ״ֻޣ˲˷
޷ٹ۾ֻܹĲλ
ԷܵԺѡȥ飬ΪԶĹʵܲˡ
ϣ˹˻޵ͼԷ˺ҧʱæ黽Сģҵط
һ䣬޾˻һǰ͵̶ţһĳ顣
ҧһʯӴ˳ȥתƵһ
޵ԴʯӶУһͨĴһʹĺУҪǰʱȴͻȻקסβ͡
޷ǰ£ֻȥҧ֮ˡ
ϣ˹һļæסβ㣬޷תԼβתһһ޾γһᶯԲ
õ͵Ϯȴٳ޷֡ΪȦת̫ˣǰһ׼Ļޣһͳϣ˹˵ֻܸżĿš
ת˼ʮȦϣ˹Ѿ𽥸еͷΣټ˿ڴʹޱȣתȥµòʧ
ٶȣ޿ŽߵļһԥľſѪڣһںݺҧȥʱϣ˹ȴݵɿ֣˦ſ˼ȴҧԼβͣ


719 

ûβ͵Ļޣ˲ʧȥƽ⣬ټڵ˿ڣ
·ѾԤԼǶ֣ʼٳ˵ķ򹥻ббʱķ롣
Ͻȥ鿴ϣ˹ˣȴĳˣȥͬǰ
ĻǧͷҪ涼йˣǶ˲ҧŹ֡
գҲʶأͷ𵯹׼˻˵ȣһһȳж£Ŀ귢˳ȥ
һβе£˼öڴˡ
ĵ˵ϣͼվϣ˹ȴ̵ʱ˹ȥ
һ˺ҧټ֮ʵԶǲУٴϣ˹
ŻѪϣ˹ɫжմѪˮǸ쵵ѪԵ쳣ǱǵһμȴҲôĿġ
Ÿȥ޾ȡ˶ãͬӦþͻˡ
á
ͷǿæָʾȥȡ޾
޾ȡҲ˲ôɨսأһͬѸ뿪
ȳ߳ȣ˲һϪͣ¡
鵣Ļ޻׷ƵƵͷ󿴡
£Ѿȫˡ
ϣ˹ŴɫһƬŨĲݵϡ־Աߵˮƴ˴
鿴ˮʪķҺ۽ޣֻԸС̲ס͵͵Ķ࿴˼ۣȻ˿ڻѪ
ˣ
ˡϣ˹ϴŤͷ˿ڿһۣüͷʲô
˺Ҫ
Ķȣڻȥȡֻ·һ
ô죿鼱
ϣ˹̯̯֣һνģǲں˵ġ
ΪҲ
Է˵ֵո㲻ҵһ£ҿܾͻԲԣ
û
ΪʲôҪô㲻ǲϲ𣿻˵ƭˣ
ˮֱĳš
ϣ˹ȴİͷµˣ͸飬ϲ޹ء
ҡҡͷҲţҪǲϲңΪʲôҿҵ۾
ϣ˹Σֻܱȵİͷ̧ӭСڴʱʶֲȻ
Ҫ֮ܿʣȴһʹ˫ཻ
صĹâ£ƵĹڶ˵УΪ˴˶һĨѤɫʡ
ǲԾǿɶ
գ֪˭촽˶ԷĴǻԲĺͶԷһ
һǣˮī֭ߺһѾԷֿ
ֱһŭֲ˼Ǵϡ
ĶſҵŮ
ⲻõϣϣ˹źֹͣ˽֮ǡ
˻عǰһ벻
֣Уôˣ
䲻˼վԼˣ¶˸ӵ
лãȴһȳʺı顣ָϣ˹͵޳ܵļһʮǰҵ֣ڻҶҵĺӣɱ㡣
ϣ˹ԭںǵУһޣ뵽ǰǱˣͦվ𣬴ǳһĨЦƣҾߵͣϧһֱûлᡣ
~~~~
Ұʨ鲼ɽҰΪ֮һ 
ߵĺڱҲʾֻ˵ԭǰߺ
֣Ҫʲô
鿴¶ɱĳϣ˹򿿽˫ѾɷצϽϣ˹ĸǰ
У㻹ʲô㰢ߡ
еͷҪȰ˵뿪ȴִֵվԭز֣ˣ㲻ܶ
ûϣ˹ողžôһģһˣҪڸ״̬ȫĸ׾սֻ·һ


720 ȥ

˸ãܸĽȻ뿪
޲˵ţϣ˹ʹޱȡĴԣһִ仨ˮϳѡû뵽ʮһﻹĲȻİŮǸԶ̡
~~~~~ɣ֮Ҳһʤˡϣ˹սˣҲûһ˿⡣ֻдӮˣŮ֤Լ
Ůÿ
´ͨ뺡
ηǵûã˵ϣ˹ĻС
㲻ܺҸ׾ġ
˵䣬͹˳ԭսʮϣ˹ڿۿһɲǣסķʲôݺݻУ˲ޱȡ
õᣬǶôһλΪǰûйġ
һ߲ᣬһȴ־ޱȿϲ
ǰһ̾ˣҲֵá
飬㵽ڸʲô
޲ŮΪʲôҪϣ˹쵰ܵвȥϣ˹ʱ򣬷Ůڿ
һͬʱҲޱȡ
ⱲӣþָŮˡ
ֻҪһޣľͷ·ǧֻϿҧһܡ
ôˣҵŮôˣ˭ˣְ֣߰úýѵ
û㣬ڣѹҺͰֶ㡣
Ҳ۽ˮæվο
ȴҡҡͷ̶עϣ˹֣ûб۸ֻϣǲҪ˺
ԭŮΪ
Щ벻ͨȴҲûа취˭Ůͷأ
ҧҧǸʮŭˡ
лл֡
ֲ˲ΪЦ
ˣֻؼң㰢ںܵ㣬ϣҲѰ㡣
ϣЦһ¾ˡ
ϣ˹ע⵽һУǰҲǸϣļһ˵Ҫǰ˭ŪǸһ˭СԴڵʲô
ѵҪһ£
һ뵽ľĪʼʹ
̣ôˣ
ŮԸ뿪һվϣ˹ߣ޾ͺջ𡣵ջĲԼĺӣǸð۵ļһ
ոջ飬޾̲סѪӿˣ뿪һ۷һҪռŮ˵һж˿ͷ֮
֣ҾͳˣԼһξ𣿡
Ҫʲô
ᶨģÿ޶ΣûΪ˾ȳ֣Ž͸ϣЩֱϣδŮһʼûԼѡҲԼľ
ı飬һ¶ҪΪΣԶΪԼΪĻ
ûȷĸ߿ľתԵϣ˹ʵһΣϲϣ𣿡
ҡ
ٻشңǾܾһػغ縺ҵΣΪŮҲص½أһ뺣
˵뺣ЩѹȴҲľǿ
ϣ˹˵Ҳص½ʱ͵һҲһϡ
뵽ԼһҲʼеѹ
ϵˣԶԶ޷Ŀڵˡ
ҵ۾˵ĴӦɡ
ЦĶʣûбȣҲûѹһ緹һޱɵ⡣
ҡĺϲĸװס
𣿡ɬһЦʧˡûдġ
Һ㡣
Ůתȥһ˲ĻҹյĻѣ˿ʤĻ⣬ǰ·һϣ


721 Ͳ

۷;У޵ķŭ޴йһôȭͷϣǾһȺϢȺ
ڲ£޵ͷ͵УҪɱǸļһ
м״ԣһǰס˷ĸף֣㲻Ѿˣһļ֤ɵģҪɱѹġ
ǰˣ֤ģôɱŮһأ
ɱǵȥ
ҵŮĺӣôǸ쵰ƭˣ
ץ˵ţȴȻûԱίͰ͵İСŰĺӣ͵ܵɶѽ
˵㰢㵽ôģΪʲôῴΪʲô
бŲƴҡΣҪϢæһʲôɫͱ£ȻҲѡ
˵ʲôʲôͱ£˼ҴԺƭ˼̵ı𣿡
⻰˵˿޵ͷϣԽʹĶ³ûзִ硣
ȿȿȡҴˣҰɡ
ˣ޲ŲʵĽԷɿ鲻õѵûõĶҲúȰȰ㰢㡣
ίòίˣֵĻôԼģ
ңԼҲûȰһ䣬ÿΰһѹʲôҲںһԵĴӦ㣬ºֺڲУԼͲôӦ游ǰΪһõкڿȫͳϸ׵ĳͲ
ѽǻڲ
ĸģԽԽ
֣˰ɣ㶼ˣ˵ʲôҲûˡ
Ҳ֪ûãô㰢£С㰢ǰַʮıô˱ˣϣ˹Ǹһҡ
û˵꣬һŵùСֱһȭϡ
˵ǼһҪöãһ¾ܽ
У
ˣǲ˵ĺãǻ

һҲ¹ȥ
ֵĶһһۿҪˣҲ޻
ǶӰ׷磬ʱݿ޺ͰϢ
ϣһڳ͵ʱ򣬰˶Ӱ׷磺˵͸׶ȥôˣô˵Ѿҵ𣿡
費õģ׺ʹ綼ܺãҲû¡
ʲôʱܻ
˵ʶһԼĴƤȻӶԼһֱţ뿴߲Űġ
ϾǺӣǰ£ǲһġ
裬ҿ϶̫ˣ԰ִŴŲϻ
СӰůĻ˲Ȼӵ˼ǣڼҪչи̫ۣңڣԿ޸вųٳٲ飿ڣҲһ죿
ܣ˵׷翴ɫ仯æ
ȴ񾭴ûע⵽϶Լ뷨û˵ֺʹҵ㶼ˣ˵ûˡڻ϶Ǳ͵͵Ҳܼҡ
ȿȿȿȡ
磬ʲôɤӲ
šǣеܡܣȥ絹ˮòã
磬Ϲѽϲˮ𣿡
׷磺
ʲôɵܵܣֲôСֽѵĴ࣬һӱɵˡ
裬Ҹ˵ŶȰֺʹһҪݺݵĳͷǡң֪Լ
ůô˵Ҳȥ棿
ǵȻǣֻڰߣŰءڿ尢ɫٽת䣬Դ˱סС


722 ǰ

ϻĿôûлʹŰе˼ҡ
裬Ͱڻˡ׷֪ڵһʱϲ
һ̶˼ˣĶ
档
ҹȥ
ŶԽ󣬰ֵжҲԽԽ㡣
ֽŶ׵ǰƵľ϶ûˡ
ģ֪ǰЬ°µģǰ˺üء
һƿţͿվŵɷͶӡ
²û䣬ֻǺࡣ
ǿޣͷͺӶ٣·Ҳãһûӻһʰߡ
ûԼߣ޻Ҳ̫˰ɣͷҲˣҲΡںһƬ°ˡ
衣
Ӱȳִк
ǻ֪װİѵ⣬ȴǵĻعҸ
޿ӳҲһЦ۾Ҫȥ뻳
;ȴšüͷϣۣʲôζ
𣿡ͣ¶εĴᡣ
ûϴˣ
Ҳ͡졣
ѽ㶼ˡ
Բ֣ھȥϴ衣
Ϊ飬ⷳ˺ܶϸڡ
һ£ôأ
˵飬кͿɫһ䣬ΪѵĿ˱˴һۡ
ޣ㲻ҵΪʲôûһ

ǲǳʲôˣ
мĸ׺Ȼżæ͵裬û¡
ģѾصϣ𣿡
ûС
л䣬ͱһ˻ȥ
֣۾ôˣǲǽ˷ɳҪҪҰ㿴һԵİůûпص㣬ȴʳһ˶ε⡣׷æѴȵĵܵקһߣʾ⡣ůƣСֹһ䣺磬ҲִȾ𣿡
׷磺
ޣǲʲôңֲɵһ۾Ƴ˿޲¡Խ£Խǲ
ûʲôںܺã㲻õġУⱻ´޲Ը˵ࡣ
ȻȴĵĶ
Ȼں򡣡
𣿡
ԿóƭĿһתɨͬĴӵ˵㰢Ķʵңһ·ϷʲôΪʲôǵôòŹҡǲˣǲҵģŽ
ûˣǡ
ʲô
εĿһ۸ף֪סˣֻܴͷʹ˵ˣһ𡣡
£˵һ飿ûɡ
˫ŶӣȵŴͣͣš׷Ͱů״ԣæš
ǵģûĽˡ
ҧòʵ档ֽϸ˵˰ڿΪʲôݺǱҲΪֵġ
뵽г˰£ͱñŭʲô鶼ںÿʳǰκﶼϣ˹ӣһͨǱݻ١
ʹĿȫǣ仰Ȼû
ޣĸϣ˹ˣ
ܵ˾޴ĳ΢ŵӣζϲȥֻǴĿſޣҪࡣ
š
Ǻӣô͡
֣ôˣ
裬û°ɡ
˵һ룬ʹŶӣӺͿͬʱȥס
ֶͷ亹ɫ׵ľסԼȹӵۡۡҶӺۡ
ޣô
ůѵҪˡ
϶׷磺ҽ˵Ԥڲǻʮ𣿡
ů֪ˣһǰÿߴͰǰҪǰ


723 

Сٷϻȥҽҹ޿ɿò㱩ߡ
ůˣæİհֵ˼ȥ
һѱ־ͻص˷䣬ϴȥɯ̹æ϶Ծȥ˳ˮ
ڴϣץſ޵ĸ첲ʹָڶ΢΢ࡣ
ۡ
֣ŵ㣬ס
ҲҪˣҲҪˡ
úãԺˣһҪŬ
ޣ졭˵һ룬־Ĳҽ϶϶Ǻˮͷʪһ롣
֡
æͷյĸǰָ˸ְһֵݵϣҧסҧסͲˡ
۵ÿʧǵİһҧס޵֣һ뵽Լʹ࣬ȴҪһԼܣв̡
æܵҡҡͷҪ
û£Ҳۡ
𡭡ҿͦסģ
䣬⴫һԵ
Ҫ𣿡
ҽǵġ
ûУʹࡣ
Ӧ̵ִ飬ҽֻǸôУǲýȥġ
ǱҪðǺȵˮǳԵ㶫Էɢע
ǵÿ޾úбҪվſڷԸȥŪԵġ
ҲܵİİΣΪðٶ˰Եķ۵
޽õĵʯʢŶһһ׵ĴιֵĿУڼô죬ǽѹı飬֪ĻΪҪء
ֶ۵ûʲôʳݲݳһͲˡ
ΪӣȴͣȰһЩҲֻҧһʹһĳԶ
ųţٴһʹҧľ׺ݺݵ͸оʲôʪĶ͵ļ˳
ٺоһգ峹ʧȥҲһ̲Ƶġ
~~~~~~
һӤޣæȥѺӱ
ˣˡ֣ˡ
ˡ
ʶԼʹɣοһЦͬʱҲĻ˯˹ȥ
ﰢˣȭĿ˶ԷһۣȲŶ롣
޿ӽݣֱӾͰѸճŮУԼǵȥ鿴ֵ
ֻǻ˯޴󰭣ŷĲ١
һҲ֪˯ʲôʱ򡭡
ʱΧѾܰܰˡ
۾һͿǿޡ
ƣ룬۳ѪĶԼһҲķ١
𶯡
æ˻ȥ
ָ˸ԼѾĶƤɤԸƵʣأ
㣬ڸء
򴽰꣺Ǳأ
ҲǱߡ
΢֣һ۵˵˺ܴҲ˺ܶѪҽ˵ӲҪԺһҪúò²
˷ǳܣͬʱҲ¶ģԺҲˡ
ҿ
УҪæԼһɤͰ˹
бźӣİ׷ůŽΧסСӤʲôϡ䱦Ƶıļϡ
У㰢迴
ǵİ֡
Ľӱ˰ֵĸǰΪð迴˵ϣҲί
׷Ͱů̻ΧңҲеĿá


724  

ڿһ˲䣬־̲ס²۵ôô󣿡
Ϊ⺢һɰ˭֪ȫһ찵ģ͸һüëϣϣûСϵǲСë͸ùһ㡣
ֱӾ;ˣֵ˵⺢ӲôѿǣΪʲô
𣿲󰡡
ůһĻĿõҾܿɰ
׷Ҳûǵİñ˭ɰɲ˵ġ
ܵܶôôʺƨΪ׵İҲʾ˵Ǿǣǵİİá
˲תͷ˿޵ǵ۾ʲôʱϹģ
εЦЦӵͷ𼱣ųžܺÿġ
Ҳ
˵̲סĿСŮһۡ
ӣǶܴܴѽô͡
ˣô˵ҲԼģҲǴϵһ⣬Ҳϲ
ұһ°ɡ
裬㲻ú𣿡
ŴСӣʵ᲻֡
ֱһ˵ЩҲģô죿
Ǿǣ磬ǱŰãҲˣҪѵҲ
ůԹոֻСõ֣һý˻²һ
еĻܽҷæżĽͣ˭˵Ҳð豧ˣֻŰŸո̫۶ѡ
òŶ㣬һֲ
㡭
˺ˣֵܼҪˣôϲãԺιʳϴ򲼵鶼ǵˡ
ۼֵܼҪΪ´ˣһͰպԼҪķ񽻸ǡ
ֵһûзԣ޷˵ĴӦ
ô˻ӭûа취
һʼֽŮӴܲģΪǶǺӣôԼӣɺ֣ԼˣĿԽչ˺ܺá
ι̣ϴƬƨɣȫܡ
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ЫסĵطʪֳȻͨ磬ȴ±ǿ붴ѨԺ󣬾͸ָоʡ
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ԭǴŴ˿һԵӳȥãתһ룬Է˯ôɣһ˿زǡ
֪ôʱŵϵĲѣȻһơ
ҹ۲һ飬Сͳ䰵صĻʯ
ûЫ»ֻҪԼûȼѨٳӳȥӦòѡ
˵ǲѣʩеѡ
Ϊʵ̫ˣϵĸɲ΢󣬻𲢲׵šĦʯҲ̫󣬸OO@@Ĺĵ˺þò˻ǡ
ȼΪû󣬲ϧѵԼƤ
ڣѨĳ˻ûѹ
ֻŹصҲ˲̫࣬תͳڱӡ
棬صЫͻȻ֪ʲô飬̽ͷƼһòСԸе˳
Ы޿һɵѯԵɡ
ֱСԼŻŵ˵ˣˡ
ôл𣿡
ӦЫûֲ̿
ǰö˶˵ô𣿡
Ы޵ɻתˮתƻôˣǵ棬ٲȥᱻսġ
ԶԶԣȥ
һżĳ嵽ǰ棬Ŀĺ˵ŵ˻Ҫô𣿡
ˮССѡ
ԶԶԣˮˮ
˴ˮĹСֱû˵ĵط
ЫǸհˮͿһ˴ӶѨ淢˷ܡ
Ϊ𣬱ܵˣƾǸŵļһڿл躿С
Щ𡣡
Ǳŭʹ˺
ҿˡ
ˮ죬ˮ
޵İ£һˮȫ٤ϡ
ˡ
٤ܵвͷһԼĳѨѳɻ𺣣׺䶥һ벻һеҪȥ
һЫקסܻȥ˵ġ
棬Ҳ
˵ǽٻǸԣڣȳ
ʲô˵棿˲˾ϲ
ԡ
ĶеҪ֪Ҫ
¶һȦոջ⸽ģڲ֪ȥˡ
٤ףһˡ
òף´ܰѻȼˣҲֻˡ
٤һ壺̷ɢȥסĸڣ뿪ǲܰһǶܵЫϿĳͷ
ǣ


  

Ыˮ©ѰУûӳ
ĸЫѺ٤ĸǰ
ʱ٤䣬ƤˡԭͷΪĺɫͷҲյһ룬ط쳣Դһ³˰ͺ
ʼٸ߾ͱĸǰŭתȴ䲻һЦ
͡
ָŶԷֻаͷԴʱЦû֦ҲƲסҡΡ
˺ǵڻȡЦЫ޿ȥˣҪָһͷȴ٤һͽֹ
Цˡ
Цÿ
ǳǳѵڴߣϸϸ¶ıѩ׾ֱ
Żŭɶ٤˲ҲСԵЦݸȾ΢΢۳ĶĶŶԷ
СЦ˺ܾãӿЦʹ˲ͣ
ΪԼĻǸץļһôҲóȴʲôҲû˰Լˡ
õɵС·еЩһڽﲻ٤ȴߵĸǰ
ôЦˣ
ЦݣηԼ٤䷴еʧͲˡ
²֪Ҫʲôҧҧָ˸𿿽ҡ
ǲЦңôſЦ٤۾һʡ
±ŵŵĿһŵͷԼҾЦ
һ仰˭֪žһ٤ͺݺݵԼһĶ⡣
𣿡
¿٤Űسֵָӡһ£Ƭ̲ŷӦεļЦһ
Цոպÿ
٤˵仰֡žžžԼü⡣
˺׵ӣȴ񲻻һѸ١
ЦˣֻСֽһһˡ
ΪʲôֲЦˣ
٤ͣƵš
ȻͨӷףȻںֻ뿴ԵЦ
Ǹӡ
²Цŭ˺˳
ӣ㲻ϲ
㵽Ҫʲôʵ˵뷨ԼץҪĥ𣿿ΪʲôΪȴڳͷԼ
ҵСԣֻҪˣҪʲôԡԵ˵ţŵЦ⣬ȴëȻ


 

٤ӹѺµĳѨĲ¶ùǵͷεһ룬ɺһģһ͡
ҶΪ뱣ЫĵһԣֱǵѴǸץСߣǼܵĳŵ֪ŲʲôνһԣǵҪСԵĿİˡ
¿źһһַͣһʱŶЦǰ
٤ȴµίһĶǰƯСԵô𣿡
Ҳ̫ˣôǶŪӣûͷԴͺëƨɡֱֹĵţѹ͹ǲһȺ˴˿̵Ŀ顣
ϲĻԺһֱ
٤Եּ˵Ĳȴǽп಻ôĻһȥͻᱻ˳ЦһֱһҲҵˣ
³˭˵ϲˣֻǾúЦˡ
㿪Ҳֵá٤˵ֻҪܿЦʲôν
ĿһۣһΪʲôϲԼЦ˵㳰Ц£÷ŭǣǵûӭԼ
Ǹˡ
²ˣΪе뿪Ҫ
ƫɪɰӦòҵԼ취С
ǲǶˣ
٤俴Ȼ˵ˣСԹϲͣתź飬µӦߵļƻֻ
ԣˡ
µͷε˵
٤һӣԼĲµȥΪ׼ʳˮ
գ°¡
ûãͽˮʳˡ
ˮǿһڣɿʳһɲǣµͷθŻ
ΪԷʳﲢʲôɻ߹֮ģ֩롢󰡢С򼡢Լ׳СͱڻЩ޼׵
ǲͣڹȥ¾ͷ˶ġ
õĶЩʲô
٤СԷӦ֮Ӱ죬ͳ³
ƽԵʳԷεĻӦţΪǲµԵĿζޣ԰ÿһ֡ζץһЩû뵽ûк⡣
٤ֻʯ￴һۣͱ׵ĺֲǱޣЩ
óʲôû˸߹ѽ
ˣԼȥ


  

٤û̫ʱ䣬ЩӺ
ȻǸմĳЩģ滹ʺѪҺ
СܰӰ죬ȻǶЩʳȤ
ݲݵ˼ӿʳ٤ڲྲĿԡ
ô⣿
٤ӳԹˣȴʼղ϶Щ⣬ǿʳ
Ҵ⡣µĻӦš
ǰҶˡڳ岻ɿ⣬󲿷嶼ѾԼʳˡ
٤ΪԼеЩ漴ֳֺãҸŪɲԿٳԡ
²Ŀһ۵㲻»𣿡
ûϵվԶһͺá
٤˶һѸɲ񣬴½ȼһѨĽԻܺ£ȴʱʱ̽ͷ
һƤĺӣˣȴ˵ĺ¡
ιСһ㣬ҪûˣΣˡ
٤ϸƤС±յͨ죬ԱߣҲûзӦΪżѡ
Σ𣿲á
С˵žһ֧ѣҵڿлΪ˿٤䣬ķ򿿽
ܵ˻µϮ٤ɫ˲䷺࣬˽ȭҶ۾Ķһգգ
Ыηǲʵ
٤˷һ㣬Ⲣס
ġʵΣգֻҪѧƣ ѹ˲ˡ
˵ԼǱ٤ǿ°»ǲûȥΪǰĻҲǾͬԼܵȼġôֻʳ԰ˡ
Ҳҡ
٤ɢı۾˫΢΢
Ұ˵˷ǳҪǿö飬ȡůʳкܶô
㰢裿˭
ȻõĴԡƯǽ
٤գͬĵͷǰȻôÿСԡ
٤ĿޣµûԼˣҪһ𣿡
ζ㣬˴ѣ٤䴹ѵ˿ĭҪԷ򿿽һͨĻ⣬˲Ȼҡҡͷ
ɣҰѻ˾ǡ
»䣬һˮ̡ĽǻδȼĻ硣
һ°ڵ̵ζ
㻹𣿡
٤ҡҡͷߵǰ


ʮ  

°ѿһ٤䣬٤ֻҪһ㣬Ϊ»᲻ԡ
һ£Ҫմźóԡ
óһ棬ָһԼĿ档Ȼ۾Сҧһڣ漴ζʮľ׽
ʲô٤һοֶ档
ۣҰƵĵζϣŪʳ棬ʳζóԡ
𣿡
벻볢һ£۷ջĹâʡ
٤΢΢ףʾԼһԡ
ŴͰѴװŵ۴ͿĨ٤ֵõǿ鿾档
ôôࣿ
٤ƵĿĿⶼЩֵĶȾˡ
ԽԽóԡ
СΪ˲öԷɣ˵һ档
٤ģЩм
ܰԼǲ˵УԼȻռһϯ֮ء
԰ɡ
°Ϳ۵Ŀݵ˶Է٤ӹԥľͷŵ˿С
ھ׽ԵıŤٵֱԭһͷһߴġۡҽС
ǻģһֻ׷ɱܡ

µһʱŶӴЦ
ˮˮ
٤ϾСµЦգĴˮ
ǻУֱ˵ĸоǳܣҪˮƽϢ
ĽлЫѸٵİˮ˹
٤ˮãǻĲʸУʧ
Ыǿ˿ԼǱѵֿ˿ǸֻƯԣʱЩ򱧲ƽǲ׽Ūǵ
С°͵ôˣץ׽Ū
㡭һЫ޷ŭǰȴ٤һƿ
ȥûǵˡ
Ǹ²û˺㣬㲻ˣΣա
зִ硣
ǡ

ֱ٤䱩ŭЫ޲Ĳ鲻Ը뿪
˶ߣ²Ц⣬һɫôң
̼٤촽΢΢죬ﻹһ˿Ե˸ǼʶС¿϶һ޺С̹һԴ
ֻҪϵҵĴԣʲôƽϡ
˵ÿݴȣȴһǰᡣ
С
侲Ļش˱һ㲻Ӧһɱ㡣
ɡ
±۾ƯϾ¶һı
٤һ㵣ַѹʣѵҲϸҽ£
ǰҰ˵һ˸һԼϲһǱܵġ
٤ҧҧֵҾһֱȣȵͬΪֹ


ʮһ 

ϣ٤һʳȴɢһɲһζ
ζЩ𣬸տʼź֣ģϲ˷ܡ
ΪСԴӦ£˵뾡취ġ
Сˣ׼׽ŪԼ
ƭԼԼۣ塣
ϡŹ֣ʽࡣ
٤һʼᱻǵɽľԽϲĹ龫ˡ
ÿ첻ϧܴһ档
һ취׽ŪԼȤ
˿̾ˣСԿȥġʳǰҲԣĸɲǷû˯ѣ񼫲
ôˣ
תͷһӿ
ֵζ٤˷ܵ˵ţѾᵽζСӡ

¼ҪԼ̽ŵæ㿪
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ôζ
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Ų٤俴ԱߵĸɲԼ΢һЩѪȾζǴѪɢġ
㷢ˣ
٤һˣ ζֲЩϤǲǴԷʱеζ
СԼȻˣ˵Ѿ꣬ĴҲζſԽ뽻䡣
ǰôأ°طԼ˶κδʧȻ̹Ҫôõġûκβϣû취ɡ
Ҳûȥһֱڸɲ
̫ˣڳˡ
ιܸܲ׼һЩɾƤ
ԣҪЩʲô
ȻǶס棬õǡ
ûϵζܺţϲöš٤Ц⣬˵ں
˭ҪŰЩõǣŪȶճġ
ûϵһͻáǾͽ¡
ҲŲҪ¡
ûϵԸġ
ÿ춼ĥ㣬ΪʲôҪѡңѵͲ𣿡
Щ죬֪ӲʹĻǵŭԷԼֻûɱˣȻһȴǲϷߡ
һʼӦھͦá
ͦã
¿˿ԷûͷԴȱ˸ӵĶ䣬ԼЦЩ¶⻹ ͦã²Űɡ


ʮ 

ߣɪˣԼڰѾ졣
ʱ䣬Ҳ߲ݣ;δúϢ
ֻȮޣ֪ôûãͲô㡣
ۿܵɽĹȣҷ˸飬ҲûѰЫټɪ̲ס
źڰ͵Ĳӣ±°ķŭȫȫйϡ
侲ֹ
ɪ侲һ㡣
Ͼڰ͵ıܹˣΪͬϣŻˡ
磬ˣһϢҲûУҸô죿
ɪץֱͷʧٺÿһÿһ룬˵Ǽ尾ʹġڣȥȥûһ˿ϢѾڱıԵ
İɣһҵġĵİοɪҲһ㡣
Ы屾óԼΰ°ߣһӣҪѰǵϳһѡ
ڰͽԺ󣬱ӺȻͳϷ
ۼʣڰͣᵽʲô
磬ˣǸûõļһһ·ϵĵ𣿡ÿҶܴϣһ㣬󣬻ǲʧճ
ڰûлӦǼǰš
ʶűԽԽͶ֮ʣȻһݶͣ
һɳ͵ֵҿ
ɪм⣬˶ʱΧ˹ȥ
ʲô
Ѫ
ôѪ
ζֵֹġ
ţɪֻĺһ
ֱڰ˵ⲢͨѪڴԵѪڷڲŻѪ
ζüͷһϤȴ벻ģ
ûζʧٵСԼΪƣ⣬ѪӦþǴġ
æӣû⼸³֮ʡ

һйأɪҲ˲ý⣬ٿڰ͵ҲǰǰŹ֡
ҿңӦþ⸽
Ų䣺ûЫҲòԶСġ
ڵõԺ󣬴޲ӣϸѰ
磬㿴
ݴУֻʳľЫһŶǰС
𼱣ٿϾǻ֪¾ǹ
š
ֵܶ˹һΧĳѨʵ̫࣬ǲȷ»ĸóȻǰȥܻܿݾߡ


ʮ  һ

ɫ΢׵ŶƤ˲һ㡣
𣿡٤һеĿʣĴԷ飬һһͻСԣѾѪˡ
Ȼڼ٣ÿһʱңͻһʺѪˮ
ѪˮϪȺĻϣԺ˻԰ѻժ͵ǰ
Ѿ˸ɾƤ棬Ƥ͸ģϧû޻գһ˶á
ˡ
⣬ȻһЫ޾ŵ
٤俴һ£Ͳͷİͷ̽˳ȥʣʲô£
޾սսĻأǵϺ˵ζ
˭
ӦǱˡ
壿񲻾ɪһ
ģôôҵ
˵˵زңСԷһʹǨ룬û뵽ûеȵ죬Ǿˡ
ټˣϼӷ
ǵһѾץˡ
ʲô٤šü
ǻŻǰץСԷˣü˵ֶζԸǡ
ߣвҡȥм˹ҪȥԸǡ
ǡ
ŵЫһߣ٤µ
߰ɡ
ĻعͷӭС侲ƯܣҲߵġһ˵һ͵ҡͷڼᶨԼľһ㡣
ɰֺɪҵһҳȥʱˣ֮֡
Ҳ¡
ȻҴ㲢û˺ҡУҲ̫Ҳ뿴

٤ܵĿһۣԹҰʣϲ𣿡
˫ӣĺ˿̣ôϣܵͷ˵һϲ
ǡ
ȴԥҡҡͷ˵һ
٤ȥתͳ¸Ҫȥȴס
ι㵽Ҫʲô߰ɣǶҸɰǵġ
Ы˵ڶ࣬÷ŶҺ棬Զ籪һ塣
潻棬ԿգЫ޲Żʾ֭ȥ졣
ȻԸΥûץסȴⲶ׽
٤ԶԶµźһжΪ
ûǴ򲻹ɪҲ׷֡
Сİ֮ôҲ÷һ


ʮ 

ЫͱһսղҰܡ
𲻽Ыյ˲أǻǵгѨ
ЫɪܣԸ˵䣬󱻿һֱֻۡ
ɪ֮ʣЫһ©֮ȴ´˳
ҪɱǵˣҪɱҪ
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ԷȴἫΪεڶһǲûġ
٤ûлشɪȴЦŽӻڽҲһܻ뿪
Ȼ䣬ѾƵһֵͱ˹ȥ
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֣˵ǺңΡ
ôĵİѺӽԼȴûпãЫôί
û¡
ҡҡͷɪһ̣ĶǼ밲ο
٤ȴʵı۾֪½Ȼˡ
߸ɰ֣ôǸһɱˣԶ֡
ŭĳ飬ɶĶ°ͷһǧһζ
ǵСôɰô飬ɱ»ɡ
˵գɪǵ׼٤һֻ֡
һ˫а֣ȾָһУ͸÷ϵ
𡣡
µһỽɪ˶
ôˣǺ𣿴磬۾
ȷѪȵĳǲ
ƿ֣νǰߵɪ壬Ҫɱ
ɱѵиĥİ취
ɡ
ˣɪΪԼˣȻĿ˹ȥȴҲһӡ
Ѿܵ˳ͷ㲻Ҫɱˡ
ǡ
ɪ˵꣬¾ͷɿܵ٤ĸǰ
Ŷһֱֻ۵ɶԷԼǱܵһ棬ֻýӲİͷתһߡ
߰ɣЩδԶҲҪˡ 
ΪʲôҪߣ
ΪҺ¿־ҲҿĿֹ
ûʱΪȡԼϧ˺Լε˵ͷΪľһЦ
Ժټ𣿡
Ҫ㲻ˡ



ʮ 

ȵֱŮɭ֡
֪˹æʣ˳ӭӡҲš
ԶԶµıӰŵɫʹΪáֱ潻棬žô
û𣿡·̵شĻ
ȴȻһǰסϲģ̫ˣû̫ˡ֪֪ǴҶô㡣
һƿԷ˵̣㺦ң㻹ʲô
Һ㣿Ծĵɴ۾ȻԼŵԵüΪ޹ǣҺģܼʱֹ㲻ܣͲĺԲ𡣡
ͲȥİɯӣҲҵġ
̣ܾô˵أ
ҡ
̰Ҫȥɯץ㣬ס㣬Ы޵塣ȻûܰȳҲǳܡ֪ܺңԹң㲻ܵɪ˵ٻ˵ίޱȣûһۿ
ԱмǵõʱæȰǰʱҪŸߴң㱻Ыץߣǿڻ֪ء
ûʱҲˣȴһҲںİΣ
£Сͺܶ£ҲܳʵɣɲԩŶ

»ͣǿǲɵֻҧЭ
ٿţװñ˭ӣ˴㡣
ԼܱܲȻȫˡ
£⼸ܾȣȻȥúϢָҺɪһ
֪ˣɰ֡
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ˣ͵͵ĵͷԼߴȫǽ͵⡣
뵱Ҵϧû˻š
Ϊƽ̫Ϸˣһ಻ĴԣƽӡҲܺãû˭뵽ô
£Ҳɢȥ
ιЫ壬ǵҲ˲٣ҪһʱϢ١
ɪ
Žס˼뿪ɪǰսû°ɣ
ɪĮĿȴûлش
Żһ΢΢㲻˵Щɣ֪϶ͷܣԲż޻ͷϵġûϵҲ⡣ϾŸոճ꣬ЩҲ


ʮ 

ž
һĶŵϣָӡ˺֡
ԾŭĿŸǰλԡ
һ´˵ѡڶ¸ͲܷΪҴᷣ
ԣ㣬֪˵ѡ
ƾʲôôΪñŰ׵ļƽһҲƽĻһҡ
ΪҸ粻֪ڲ㣬Ϊ档ֻҶ㷢䣬㷴֪ڸģҪ¡
ɪķŭĺԼɱľٶҲװȥˣȴЦûҾ뺦ôΪδҷڹֻˣҲۿҡҰ㣬Ҳд𣿡
û뵽ô񶾣͸˵û£Ҳܺһ飬ұɱ㡣Ҳ
Ϊʲô
ϣɥɱֻġ
أܻҪл𣿡žֳķʣĺȴǸŨ
֪͸ʱԼֽ
㻹ûһ⣬ȻˣͲҪҺġ
ɪƣͼһƤڣ׺ݵ˳
żǾסڸ޺ڰ͡
Լ棬ÿμ˶ֳªļһ䳰ȷһ
£ˮʳദÿÿżޱȡ
ʲô
Щ־ţΪֺڰʹ˿ŹֵĶԼͬѰĿ뱰΢
ɪӦӪºڰ˴󹦣ʹ͸
ʲôҵ
ŵɴ۾˼šЪ˹ĺҲͬ⡣
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ɪҪ֪ˣ㲻Ҫ͸ͷޣһġ
㽫Ы޵ʱĴ
ҡ
ڰͣŸѵ㲻ϲ
Ȼᣡ
ڰʹǹһĨаЦ漴̰ĳſ
ת֮ʣȴһǰȥһգ۾ʧֵľͷԶֻһʹ־ĺϧҲᡣ


ʮ ʹ

ڲݵգ΢縧ͷ˿ȾһĨϾ֡
ĳݶ˵ǴӲйģΪǰÿնаҡ̫ʢĶܸ˴õ顣
ɶ񣬶ЫǰһҪΪǣҲ
̡
һĺʵ
ɪ塣
һֻȴû¶ǰĳ΢Ц
ôˣ𣿡
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ʮ  ļ

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ʮ ȡʸ

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