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1Ůǰ᣺ûɱŮŮŮıɱġûŮûϹһûּӣиƫִµġŮֻһûˡŮҵôް¹ŮԸȱݣˡŮжжθ顣ģдټӡ
2ܿգοƣ趨ȫΪ
3ͷľ͸ãԭҡ
4Ѫ
5൳롣

ݱǩ ƾԲ  మɱ ֮ 
ؼ֣ǣң  ǣԶ   
һ仰飺ꡣ 
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1 
꽫δ£ųϢʲʱܹ¡ŵԶըķͬʱҲڰƵ꣬׼ʱ
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Ϊɩɩˣ֪ԡĻʳж໪ΰɵҹȴȻɭĳǳأƮҡڷУ̽ļ˵Ѫɫ˿ڣҲ޷֪˺£ͱƽǰԵڡ
ʪڵϣңֹס֪Щ˴ָоƽɫѰû˵Ļᣬʲԭ򣬾ôױ
جţߵһһаŴҴٵĽŲÿһ춼ľ֪ãнŲͣ⡣ű򿪣ƻλϰߺڰۣң˴ӵԾɱ죬ֻܴ˵ѱϳǴĻ¹١
ϵĴǰֱ˾ŷʯףڿԭ
껹£Сһ㣬ѱѹѹĴΧĿɱңǯţ˵ûҲҶֻֻܿһ۾Ϳӵǰ磬վߵʮĻ
˴ӴڳվպһڷŲ磬ɿǺˣ£
ϳ硣ɲʱ䣬ʲôˣǰǳɱ
ʥ˼δ۾·ΪȻնȫ׵ʮӡΪ˷Ǳƹʥ˲Եк͵
ʮӵļĸ빬صá
Ϊһ䡰Ůӵ֮λ㾡С
ңЩЦأϸϸĥ˵ĻӡýȢӣȴԶԶáͼıһнǰܴҪЮΪʣҲǹǽϾ·
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һ֧Ѹ⣬ڶѸ֮ƣվٿûңĿڡ
һ׼ͷãңûи̫ʹ࣬ʧȴ̱ǯ˽Ȼõ˦ʯףУϴҵûٹӡ
ҪˣϢֹѾ޴ٻһ֣ĸãңԶȴһ̻Ƶź顪ǰ븮֮ʱϣͷĺ顣
ûͬ⣬ֻ˵ٵȵȣٵһȣܿ˽ᡣ
Ѿʮ꣬ʮһģ׷ռΪʱѧŵӣֻ롣
Ҫʲô
ûд𰸣ҲԸ֪𰸣ûʱȥȡǰһĻֻڷɱϡ
˫ۣմȾٶ࣬ˡǿɺޣ
ңûʲôҪ˵ģģ͡롭
һ仰

գ磬ϴ
󰲳Ԫʮ꣬߱λк͵⣬ţʮǻΪۣ̫Яʮ׵Ԫ繲ͬ
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վųüˣ̵ȹְۣ졢δ۵ļҳ磬̽ҪŮָ⻹δŮһͷֻջ֣վڴǰֱš
ңңҡῴŰɵŮһĪչ
ʮ֮ǰμӱִˣʱˤˣĵԴͳ˭˶ϣ˭ҲķģμҰҽ󲡼ͶҽʤջŶУôһûãǵʮ졣
ңڴǣл˳جΡڴ֮ǰǵãԼǶμҵճӣ귽ʮֵƺһҹ֮䣬糱ˮС
جηһ
ûȥ۾ȴ·𿴵һһʮԼڳ֮䣬׷ĳ˵ĽŲȻסˣΪӣԼʬ嵹ؿڲһѪûΡ
羪ݵⳡưôꡣ
ʮļӿ·һ˵Ĺ¡Լ񱻹ԴجۣǡȴԼ
ӡߵҲŻһȴӼҵķ
ңһĿ֣ɤ˾䣺ҵļУǰλ˻ǹĸҲ˫޷һ㲣̴ݣǲԣǵãʮ壬ĸᣬҲڡ
ҵļ޷壬ңͷʹѣֻͽ޹ذͷ˫ϥ䡣
Ǻã裬ǻ裬취Ϻۣˮ
Ҳûа취ֻܸ̾һ˵ЩοϵĻϵֵɾӵĵѾжʱգΪӵĲ˲ʱգٲϾΣǲס
еġɾָıϵķӵĸףμҳɾġ
Ҫģˣңң⸱ģδ뾩£ϵĳüĸˡ
ڴǵңȴ·ңؿȻһۣܵغҲȥҪҪ
δܽҵļⲢΪһμԳŷľ޴󿹾ܡ
ֻ֪Զ볤㲻硣


2 ţ棩
ݵĴչδ磬ɫʾһڵĿʼϸ¡·УʹˣҲòЯ޴ðϸ͢˵ҪټǨ볤ΪСŮ˵գӿ⽵ԲòǰδȬңլĸˡ
ңգִɡĸ͵լ⡣ϲŮۿֶͨͣװ׵ļɫ磬ߴ·ֲֻǳĪѹ壬ɻ뾩žۡ
ķ޶˹жŮһӣңǼŮͷһһ㣬γȶһǰǴסǳӣڼͬжʻɡǰޣҲǳʿ뾩һž֮գƫƫң˲ӡ
ˣϲٵ飬þ۷ңԳɡվԭĿ͸ĸȥ
ȥϵμ֮𣬱һС
ϲ壬ԭǴֲʶı̫үҲң游Ǵ󰲳̫/ʵרʳĻ򣬸ս̫/浲һ´󶨣󰲳ʼ̫/ʵ۹ʹ̫үһܷΪƷĿӣʳٻ
̫ү޴־ܷܿϻ磬˸ɢӾ޽λֵң游̳ʱֽϮɿС游ЩԶԼĩλ˳͢⣬ı˸۳帮е˾ʹ֧żš
Ȼң游֮󣬳͢ջؾλֻʳٻǲ䲻˽ʣȴԾеЩ츳ھеⰾپеЧȥһŸ˱յеҪ˾⡣
ôңǿûС㣬þӳȨĵּңμķᲢۣңȫ֪ԼγΪּҵճӡǸһ˵ӵġ̫ңÿÿ˼£ܻİݣ֧Ļ棬ͷңһϰ̡
ͷˣǰסѾ߽ȥֽɡ
û¡ң˼׿Ц⡣
䶨ÿÿҪҵļ䶼ͷֻ̣ҵα겻αİ취ǿƣֻҪ䣬ͷͲۣҲͻʮңȻ鲻룬ż飬仹ʧأղƬ̼Ǽ䣬Ѵ̵̫Ѩͻͻֱ
ΣĸлƽҼֵĽǰο

߸ĸңСܻݣŵЬſϴԼȥ˿Ȼ᲻øĸֳҲǹҳ㣬ԳǾȴԶʤǰߡ
ڴſƬ̣´ߵױǰͭˡ
˵Դʮ죬еԼŵϵֻʣǳİ̺ۣɫ԰ЩɻŮķӯ΢΢ЦʱУʢϲáգϻЩųŵʮŮӣͼݵ̱Ů˸Ǵᾶͥ
Ժƺǻ洳룬Ȼתʵʲôӣ
ʰŮݺ㡰ڡһЦ³ѽɾȥӣ㲻ǲŸ͵ǣ
ңߵǰ֧¥µСͥԺĬ
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δ̤޼ⳡһƳĴʢ硣
´ӿʼʹûⳡ꣬Щجп´ֲٷɡ
ꡣ

Ѯյˮֹѵ̽ͷϴޣս˴󷢷̤˴ԳΪϵһ紺ͼ
һͣеԵ£ƽƽ棬ŷһԼɼˡ
ƺڵˡ
ͷߣת硣һƥԶͣڳǰ¸彣վڳǰȭӣʱ磬ٲ磬ʥ˽
˲ֻЩͷ΢̽ĿеԶ
÷ɻʵӣˡְ죬ѽǻڴˣҪļҹˣ
ˣҲ˭ذɡ˵ͬʱ£ֻһ˿öԼŰ̾Ϣ
³壬֮գȴδˡöգû֡
һЩδ֪ıұָƵδ
Էһԣִ֮찲˲μΪλδ־
μˣ찲ɻ󡪡Ļμˣ
㶼μҵĳģѳⲿһְܼеӦõ־Ŷԡѵý͵ϸ
찲Ȼѹûμңԭǳˣתһֲ棺ⲿ̶֥СĹ٣ԼΪģӽշŹ龩֮ʱɽУԾйԱָƣĵͨ죿
Щ⣬ʣڵҲ𰸡
Զȥһ·⡣

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ȵˮؿڣͷѬůڻ˫ˮСȦţ·ǾγɵϰߣĶϵĳʹƬԺȻˣ
ʲôݺ㲻⡣
ŲۡңʶڣԼҲ֪Ϊλἰ
ݺЦأӴС׳ʵʮʱδŶ࣬ȱء
ŮӶ֮࣬ÿʮ**ҪЩж֮⣬ʹߴڣңһֱ˳û۹֮ǰһ׶ûУعˮٵҲûв
ңݺ֮ŪСֲһ٣мȴһ¡ΪˮĹϵͷ۵ûôԣֵ֮ȴһʹࡣ
ʹʣ̣۵亹ʪ͸£ӹͷӳ֫ٺ̿Ҳѹǹ⡭
ʮԺÿҪܴ˿࣬һʮ£ʹࡣ
Ϊأ念޴š
ңûд𰸣Ȼֿʼңнǻ棬ͷֿʼۣԾף˫۴ԡͰԵָٽͰڡ
ӣôˣݺ״æľưһ߼һָͷ
ңбŮ˰ۼҪԼԲļͷϣʲôٿһǯס󣬺ݺһקݺ㾪гЩͰС
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3 棩
енʹң
֮ʹֻоŮˣ֪Ǻεζ
ΪǸ˲ԸѪʳ˱֮ҩ䲻ԹԼûһŮʵֵ룬ԼּǣңǱҩҩԴ󺮣÷󲻽޷ܻ壬ÿ㵶֮ʹɺ
ҩ˭µģĸã籾ˣ
ȴ޷֪ԼΪμ޽ּҡÿÿ˼硱ˣͷʹֹ
ҲǵģԸСӶǲ壬Ż¿㣬ָȥϴˡ˵ң˼һѾ̴۵ȹüԹ
ݺ㱻ң˦Щ㷲ԳΪӵѾߣӵڱְˣʧְ㻹˼Թ
ԹңԴٻĹ˵ϣԭ죬Ƴˡ̴ʾԼֱȻңŮݺӻģֻңԵƩϴƣãҲֻܽϴһͰңҪϴЩա
ңѾѣ˶죬Ȱˣ˵ˣ֪ࡣ˾ҲȥǺ٣ڴߵĽϣѾߡ
̴ݺ˶ңʮʱŮģʱһãƽĶۣϲݺ㡣̴ΪȻ飬СݣӲãʱӶǺƽڸûٵˣݺºͣȫףƢԣңƫģ˽ݺ׺Ҳ˽̴ʳζƽûݺ졣
ټݺȹǵõġʮμˮݺΪ˾𳡣ЩԼ
һֱԼƫݺĸʲô£˵ݺ֪ݺҲδʧ¡
ԣһһݺҩźȵú޻ɡ

ʹңǿԼȥ˼ɼⶫ̫ѿƣܻΪߵˡĳʶĳͻȻңΪ
һڷԽ齻䡣ңû巢ͷ̫ʪβݺȡʷĺᡢͷ͵źңʷЩĻƣңݺ㣬̴ѾϰߣֻŴӾڱ¡
ͷҪ͸źáݺ˵ߵϡ
ңĿɨݺ󡪡ذϸмۣǲŸձץġէģһץ˴ݺץˡѾͷȻȣδţ˶УԹɫ
°ɡղͷۺˣԡһգȥЪϢЩ½̴ңڡ
ݺжͣ£ֻһСˣ¡δ㴥ңĿ⣬жȻһݣֻڳҹٲƽ׽
ңû̴̴ֻҽʷ
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һ˵һؽңķֳݺ˸ң÷ֻЦЦδԣݺĬ¡ʣң̴ˣ±ݺ£̴ʮ˼ңķ͸ָң̫Ѩ
ңĦʮ̹ü佥ɿ̴֪ݺﶼЩˣ
̴üûᣬֻиĸ͵ܵܣסͨ˵뵽ʲôֹҧҧңҲδʲô
ū澲֪˵˵̴ɵ˵ݺ裬˳ȴҲ֮¡
ĸȶпǷһƨծңȥ
ô̴֪˫ۣ˵ݺЩҲ˵ң
ңȻ֪Ѿϡ
˵Ѿ߶ʱҪϵⳤμҲרԵңԲ̴ĸ˫űΪ澣ݺȴһĸһܣƲŽū澡ҾƶݺʱӼĸ׵ܵܡʱңоĸТƴ˳޽ּңݺĸ׾֮Ǩĸ׺öĳԣܵಡճΪݺӡ
ӦǶ£ݺ㱻ƭ±ӺǶδҪȴʹꡣֻ˭ݺĸܵݺ㣬ݺҩңδݺͱߣ׵ּңûһ
硱֣ңͷͻͻ̴ۣʹ֪࣬ͷæӿͷۣҷϴЪЪ
ңҡͷԸ̴պݺ¡Ҹʱ佫иɫһ飬кȱ©ңš
ӱҲǰ취ҪҸ취źãһẦԼߡ

һ˽ϣѮϵҳγһ뾩㣬ǰźùᣬδѶۡ
γۼְԼ꽥Ҳı£ʶʼΪԼǰ̱ߡμұǾСϰ䣬ñīʹ֣ټǨ㽫ʮϡʮɲýʮسĽʿѡ֮Ͽ˿֮⣬ƩʥܲɷֵǧţҪƷϹԱ﷽ɡ
ְٽײߣﲻγۣγֻܿԼڳ˴£Ҳύͬ꣬ʮȻſձߣ˾ټҪҲʵſȻǰڡ
ǡѡ˷ټţȥǷлμӣôŶûͱ⣬˼ҸǾټţ뿪
ҼǴˡܴ󡭡γ۲ģ
ڳǡͿͳһĻ־ǣæγƿһǰ
Եɺ󵭵ѵдȳԸⱣ㲻ϹƣҲô
γ۳ǣֻЩͣ˴Ӱ߳󣬲졪ԷģѣǸԼ൱ɣʹһ꣬Ͷȴѷçײɱˡ
Ҳ֪Ǻݣ˵䣬˹γ۵ţҪȥϢγ֪ѾҲǿ󣬽Ҫ뿪תȴԼ˵Ѿãǽ£룬׷ˣ˵л
˻һüɫ
γ۳뾩ǣύЩѣл֮˵Ҳ֣˿ѵЩǧ룬γ۵ȴûֲͷ֮⡣һ·γĽύԱţҸԭ۳帮˾⣬ղŽӳ͢뾩
Ǿټ뾩˱ʵ
ټңֻ游ĸûиγڵ
ˡŶһ
ϸˤͷѺͷ۵޼ϸҸĸլγ۱Զˣγۣȣ֪γƺ
˽Ų΢٣ֻ𣺡֣


4 ū
תֹʮգʱ£ĵοţθļĵҲ⡣
μԭǳ֣Я޽ͽϳƼҴΣֺϷˣĵᵽϷ˵԰ԼŮ԰һԻͻԻТ
԰Ӳ󣬵Ҳ£ߴߴμҼŮ죬ַǳѽ񻣬ĵ֮䣬ǻʦµĵŮͼһʱֵ÷ˣͤ£Ϸͷۣ㰢ֵŶ
ң͡ң֣֮ڼĩԳ㰮ۡ
ңЦӦˡãͷ缲޽⣬ж糣յγۼ飬֪ĸڳĸĸһ˹ʵƽļдϷˣңյţרżĸġ
˵ŵ׺ͳͬһ̣дĶǳȤ£
˵ޣʥ˶ƼйʹȽڵʱϸӰ˫ĳСӽУʮֿƯңһ߿һ˾
ͤжʱôЦ
ĸָϱѽңĶϱ߸ϷߴȤ
ۣ㰢˽С˺죡Ҫš졣
ңЦűֵܿҲŲָдͲ֪
⻰ȴǲ٣μҲй٣ֵ֮ദЩҲǶŮСС֣ҹáңСϰķΧĻ䣬߷ִҲò˽ϡʮ浽Ϊ¸ĸ˶ԼһѰ޽ּңŷָô¡
Цգе񣬺ָֻܿӻ˰𳳣Ҽϻ˵ڳʶ˲־ͬϵѣһλǳǵĴ
˵ĺĶ𣬲Լͬʵ˭
ң˷ֽҡͷû˵ӣ
ǶţƤӶԴ֮Աǡ
ңҡҡͷ˵λֻһ仰ʮļţյϢѡס
ſңסԣǵγ۳뾩ǿ·ڼΪǰʵ˺óһʱ䡣
ͤȴ
ʮʮѡε˲ſɶǸܽʮǼҫĺ£ǰ;Ϸһֱ壬ǵųâ
ۣ쿴㰢ǽĸμҲ˿ڡ
Īǧţҿ˵ǧţ˽Գ֮һҪɽǧţǸմ⣬ܼǧţˡ˫˼ȴѡ
Ѿ˼ңأЦΣ㶼˵ǧţ˳Уʥ˽̣Ǽƽƽܽ
⻰˵ʵڣ̲ģһأһִңš
ңἰǧţЩ񡪡ִ󡱵ǧţȷһ˲ţǸˣһٮٮߣ귽ʮǧţʥҡ
磬ܿ챻Ӵѣֵǧţֲʸȥǽ
ܽҲڱˡϷ˼οֵֻ֪λ˰²۳ɻ򲻳ɣ㸸ֺúñл
ˣһʱᶣ֡ңͷ˵ѡһˣʱЩͬ飬λҲȤһΣʱܼλˡ
ʮѡϿֵʸμӼѵѵǿˣնȫͨܽҲʱ䣬Ҫߡ·ء
ʱҲӦָò࣬Ҳ㰢ȥˣʡĸǹϷĶͷ
ң԰Ϸߣͷ䣬᲻ðš
ʮʱĹֻ᲻뿪ȴҲ֪ĸֽ㶼ڳδ곤ƹܣΪԼļˣҲҪȥ
ȻȥɣǾЩ׼ɡ

Ϸ˵Ц죬ң˳֣еԼߣ߱˵
ӣҪ£ѾݺܵȷʵͨšܾܵòҩǸѸûʲôӪ¾ƤרլЩŵŮ˼ҵǣߴƭǣǸϡ֪Ҫʲôĵؿ˿ڣֻǻ˵뵽ңдֹУоۻﲻ˵Ȼס졣
ǸרƤţң治ɫؽĻݺĵףլ£в㣬æ˵ĺ²࣬˵仹δ壬֪
޹壬µﻹ洿ԣֲͣʮꡣ
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ңûشֵֻ裬ҪͷٰҴĻ˼Һլ߶
ͷӦ£һʱߵң԰⣬ʹ˴סң¥ԭ볤㹲ס֮¥ʣһˣʮ徻¥һС黨԰ǧŰŽ¥޼䣬һ¥Ӵ巿
ԺֻūԽԽˡ۾Ƽſɹֻ̫èЦ
ңݺȲ裬Ц԰ֻèһֻ˾Ľ˿һӲӵٰߣϻƵ磬ǽǰģѾаʱ䣬èˣëɫԲ֣𱦣һֻǴ׵ĳͫ۱ǣƯۣŵμһʱңγȥǧѡҵһֻơ
ֻңİèּңּգȴ˶ҳ֣κèּвǸû£ҲֻСܷƵҲͲ֮
ڼټ𱦺ƣңǱУÿձ㱧èɾߣ
ӣӣè԰ͷȴܽСѾ
ңתͷһֵѾߣڽղڼҡ
Ӵ˻˵ҵүˡСѾ
ңһϲС˾ˣţ
´أɱײϣ˵ǰջţ׵ٵӰݻϷˡ
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̶ӵִջǳչ飬϶˲ϡټңС˾Ͳ󣬺̸ƽ׽ĳµϢңļöҪɳԺǽ޲̼˾ˡ
Ͼһ游ĸδء


5 
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ү롣Ѿ߹ŽңС԰ӣӭײϴ¥ң
ңѾ׵ɫխֶưۣͷϵɫʮȹһżæҪģһأ΢̶գգۣϲС˾ˣ
ѹѹ䣺ϹʲôϾǼǵĴˣô֪ءȻȴҲڲסϲãңѾյϣü۾òС˾ˣûš
Ҳһʱѡ۴ϰֺϳȴǲ֪ңԣԴּʱ䲻ˣ˼Էθ
ңЦЦ⣬ܡرĪֻҸմĸǹôҺȿڲ裬𼱻ǵҪȥģ
Ȼȥջıѵãңֻȥ̶ӡ

󰲳翪ţŮ²ǰǰ㱣أμַ壬ز󣬼ŮţֻҪҲûšңĸкʹ̴سθ
ص̶Ҫͣң԰ߡջǻε¥ͷиС԰ӣסˣҲͦĿջһͰջ⼸̣׬㡣ң˾Ͳȴ̶̶ֵ֧꣬Ӿ귢չн˹ģ̶˸̷⣬ҲԶ󰲵ʿðĻҲǧٹ֣ſǼʶ
Ŀģңջ۾ûͣ¹ջ¶̶ӵˣææģЩźװˣضפкһү⼸仰Ĺ¥µŮˣǰ񣬿ˣңײײأСС˾ˣ澰С֪㲻û˵ͱ˸
ƢѱΪūҲΪ̣ʱ¸Ÿʱ˻Ľﻨ
Ϲ˵ʲô̶ģǰ˵˵ϳ壬ɻ꣬÷ıãȥ˵ڶӣûҡ
ңЦű죬˹¡Ǹڷǿ׳ū˵ĹٻңĿƵЦ¶һڴش껰˾ظˣ˺صĵ̶֣ӵĴܼҡ
밲Ҳң˸ߡ
ңһȳ߿ųصС˾ˣҲҸūɣ
üͷŮӣҪʲôū
ΪǸŮӣҪȥиǿ׳ūŰȫң⡣ݺ㲻ܾūǿ׳ֳԿͣδȥ˳Ǹð֡
ܾȴô춯ӺȻһ´ܳӰɿܵϣͷּü۵׷ʮˣŷ״ɤźţС
ңһȴǺվֻèʱãһķӸ¿ˡ
һüģͷ۵ˣ

ʱ»èɷ磬볤ĹŮȦΪè磬ǳʱλè˭ҵèƯǶǳ£˳˲ٷèΪˡȻè䳣ҰˣҪõһֻƷáƢѵèףǼ۸Ҳر̶һλ˻׾Ÿ̷ʿѱΪ׾רè跱˸ؽèʶèѰüۡ
ֻèϴһΧ׷½زס³ˣջ԰żͶ׾źЩè׾űèֽ˺԰Ҳң˽ȥһ԰ŷңͿˡ
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żѵľӣзˮʳɰ裬һһèֶ֮èſŲΪèդϺضˣ˾ֱмֱֻɢڣȻ׾ѱè
ЩèƷ඼ңͷҪã۱Ƿצëɫ͹ˮңƲסҪߣèħצˡ
򵥽ܹԹ׾źȲ𻰣ңèֻСЩĪú˱ˡ
ң֧ȸèһᣬصϾţèδã
ôèҲ࣬ѰźʵģͷүҶôѪ׾Щɥ
ңתͷ׾ض棬ֻѩ׵èһûһḧšèѱԹſϥͷǽһƯҲֻͨѩ׵ĳëèްɫ˫Ʊʯ峺͸ŵֵŮˡ
ǡʨèҪʲôѪң漫ˣܵ׾ߡ
СҲ֪ʨè׾èĺ󾱵
ŮϲèҲֻرһ䡣
׾ŵ㣬˵èԲ˹è³èõĺëʨʳʨèѵá׾Żֻʱ侫ķõƷѵʨèֻĸèԭΪѪòֻƷ಻Ĺè䡢֣ԭָһСèõǮҲѪ;۳Ͷ٣èˮûȵͲˡèѪͳ׾èȻ࣬ȴûֻϡ
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ǰңȻָè֮èҪ/֣ǵպֻèһ󡣡
䣬˰ڲضʱѲԶĨ죬ѱһ̣ңЩʻһδŮ˵Ļ
ңԼ˵ʲô
Ŷ˵һʡ/֡
͡šһȷǹŮ˵Ļ֮ʡңȻңʮͲŮΪ˸ӣϺ͹ŮȻͬߵĶӺۣǱĬظı
ڨڨһЦֱ磬׾ȴСӣɷèĳһۣǺʣСӽè¼ա
ʱèëɫΪ֣Ǵèİơ
ѽ˽ң˵Ҫ̴ȥơ
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ңͷ絷⣬ֵһи֮룬ȫ
һˣ򲻸ҵһƣкҪ󣬵˵޷׾æֵֻǸèˣƽ˳һϰ塱Ǹӣû˽й
ģΪͽң
׾ûϵĿأɻǸèˣ⽿εεСӰΪʦĪҪѧèŪޣǶǲеμҾû䣬ҲüŮȥѧЩ
ңħ˰ɣؿ챻ңҪ֪ңѧ¾еǰƤ˲ɡ
ҲһûôŮ͸Źа


6 粨
ңûյ׾ŵĴ𰸣ͱ׾˴ﾾ¡
˵һϼǵĴŮúڼԣﶼʲôֻ߰ū£ѧèèǴ㿪èݣڳʳˣܻ
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ǾͲޡʲôõģųƣƽƣһˡң̧ͷ۲ںؿڡ
Ҳ֪ԼΪд˸ֻǽնž˾˵ⷬȴȻʣ·̾ͷյɢȥ¶ͷˣپһΪζ
Ȿʮ䣬Իڴе뷨͵óڡɾ¡ﲻԸѣдŮһִ֣
Ѿʴ
ҪʲôһŮˣʲôظЦˡ
ŮôˣҲŮ˰ɣͽԾӣӲ֪ңң
ңǵʥ׽㣬ȣЦɵ
ˣңȻ֪˽ûҪࡣλ󰲵ĳɲֻǽʥ׽㣬̫/ʵΨһŮСѷж̫/ʵۻδǻΪʱ游¹ɳɱ̫/۵ֿͬҵ߾±ʮ򡣺ƽ߾һΪһֹ黹۾һָıΪͬҵͳ죬һ߬ڳСձȨĹλѲһλȵʱϱ̫Ů˵δ棬֤λ֮أʥҲҪɵ֡
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ȻȲϳ˳˵Цˣ˾Ҳ߯Ц档񳤰èɷ磬ĹȦ˭Ҳֻè϶˺Щأⲻδѧ㱾£Ժ˾Ҳܴӻ죬һóܳ빫˵Ҳй⣿ңֵ
ǻʶųǰӵԲ˵׳ȺӢʮ˰վȫΧŹһ˴ת
۴󰲣κȴ˸ģҲֻһˡңȻˣԵı·ĳ·
һ죬ҲлţٴһȺūҡУ޾ԣǴ־۷塣ʲôᷢޡʲôִϡʲôȥİɣǻϱƭСģ
ȻЩ׵뷨ָ⣬Ҳ᳤ƪ۵غ;˾磬ܹǡ
԰ɡ

ֱ뿪ջңҲûܳɹ׾ԼΪͽƵȻ׾ſУҪջ죬͸ңջĽڡ
һ죬ûңͺ׾Ż죬ʦҲˣŸŸ硱Ľе֣׾߱߿ѧ׾Ҳƽϣèļǲ⴫ľ͵ʦˡ
׾ŵʨèңβ˼ȻϣֻèһСֵʢ֮ڣȻûûƤͷµЩûû£ӲˡңһοƼʽſĸèʱ͸пԼҶ۷ĸ׵οȻȴǺۼϸĶ/߱ʱʺСݵʵƥ䣬ʱЦǰغŶӳ԰ӡ
ŮǾȲˡ
תʮչȥ׾ŵʨèȻ˳̡ص̶Ҫңĸèʮգè̶뿪ǰӦ¡

ȷ׾ŵʨè̺ƾͱңμҡСèԼ׾ֲ˼񣬻صԸҺ󷴵ˣžЩ֡ԭǸãһֱల£˷ټᵽİèϢ/Դ󷢣ͺžͿսˡ
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ȣӣʲô̴ѿȱ¯ң
Щιèңϸϸ̴
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Ȼⲻèʳɵˡ
ҵĹԹԣһֻèҲֵ÷ô󾢶˳ԵĶûϸ¡ӣԼӻ̴զࡣңʱһңˡ
˭˵أ˸èɲаӣЩƽͷջöءѧգԺȥ˳ҲýЩ࿴ңص
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ң磬ʱ࣬㽫Ҥ¯һƣŨĳ̴ʿˮӣܳ𣿡
㳢ң˶ǣЦЦصݸ
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ңˡèûϣǰȲˡ
¯Ǻͼⶼѿã̴һгƺͽѾΧצ¯̴һȻӿң˿鼦˺һιèһ߷ȥ
ݺԺɨ̴Цͣԭʱ̴ȡֹңߵʱˣҲǳĬԵĸԣвίҲʣֻͷ£Ȼӡ
ңĿһײַɿ콫ͷ¼ɨԺӡң̾𳤰
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Ѿ嶤ˣȴҪδˡ
ݺµѽѵһ׮¡ҪūūˣδŮȷʵ񻰣˾ͬ⣬ĸҲزͬ⣬˼붼Ҳ˵ǡ
ң
û죬ֳɵɾ͵ֱ

Ķ֣ǡĵʢͻ˱Ͷ࣬ٸˮϰ۾ɣȫǰռ㳲ںϿ֡μҵСȻ಻סֵܼżһͳţ߹ˮȥˡ
ңǣμСɵָм䣬Сң֣μҶӵĶӣ꣬ѩһңūСûܣң鼫ãճ
۾궼УμҲ


һ ɣֵܴżͻţ£һľɳ⣬ɿǰм˱ʧˮǰ˳ӿȥ˲̤һʱȺֻţ׷ȥ
ңߵм䣬״Сˣμ˱˳ɢܽٵʱѾμˡ
ŽСɷ£û˳ӵӰºȻˣһСɣһס죬Ѹȥң⧲֮Ƭ̲ŷӦϹӵӣǰ׷
Ȼϸ룬ҲûʱҼȡ
ӵַʶġǴҲϱӵˣ޽ּҺּΨһһĽõɩӾڻƻϱ˹˶ӣּѰ鳤ûҵӣǸɩҲɼԾ
ң֪ڵһʱϹӣҵǵŴǺһĻᣬã


7 ɱ
ң߹Լ͡
ڳ嶯׷Ӻ侲֪Լ˼ҵĶ֣ıԣֻ׷ٶԷǵŵأٱץ˾ȻСɣȻ׻С˹ӡ
ǵﷻȻవ֦չխӱźӽɣȻŹ·ߣսʧӰĽӦ⧲ңͷװˣһߡ
ңǰһٴ鵽ŻĶĸУصĻǵǸҹ
Ҹӵļʱǵӿ־彥ռϷ磬ͷִȺŭԼԹһǵδһǣ˵
зȣĶƧС·ĺȲûãɤӡԼ˰ʱűųֽƽѷĶڡ
ʵšץһ°򴽣һͱŶִץ˸µСӣȥ
ңŲϸȷ˽ŲԶЩңӵĿԼŮ˼ĺǽ˹ϳֻǲ֪Сɱǹصδ
һ·ڣû⴦լԺĸ֣Ҳ֪լλǺηλ߲ѣӦžĿȿѱľֻʣзļ⡣
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࣬ҳùζأң˸磬ôӴĿΪ㣬תͷһ࣬һ֮ȴŸʵ
Ŀײһ˫ۡ
ϬĶѪļͷȻĳص
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һҲֽţҲٲ壬ϵԲ۲Ʋȫ˿ڣңʱᵽﵭѪζɢҲ֪˱˶á
ĵĿֵıʱڽЦڳЦĵСܿͽƤϣ
ңǶģʲһĻ׿˳İӦòʶ
λ̨Ǻηʿᱻڴ˵أЩûס죬˵̽
˲أԱۡ
֪ʲôطЩʲôˣٽ
Բ硣
ңֽ˼⣬˾ǲЩŭ⣬ָղǸ硱Ҫ㼱ô˵֮ˣĪǲӳȥԲߡ
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㳰Цͷȫǵˣ˵Ҳʮ㱻ץôӣʡɡ
˵껰Ҫۣں󱳵ͻȻһתͷȴң֪ʱѾŲ಻ԶǶԽ졪ǽţŮ˵Ľš
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ִۣΪ³סĽţҪŲ𣬼˵磡
ңһɿؽţһǸպðЬУʣ࣬ɿؽȹСűƿһź˱ӵʮͣ䵶ͷߣϼţǸӡ
Χ˶ϹϾģӦþǰͷǹġ硱ˣû뵽ô졣
ңֻü˽һޱ飬ûиκʾҧҧֻ硱ɫȷʵüۡ
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ôõĻɫ˲ֵáЦЦĿңϡ
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ǵϴ󣬲Сӣɲɡ鲻ӣɿ£ϵ⿪ŵģû˼
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˵ңңֽѽ⣬û˹ֻЬֵȥֱײҿǰǽ޿ˡңɪɪǽվ类Ƕȴ²
Źӵ˿ŶԷһңӴһͽңѹǽϣڶݣбųɱңƺ˶ԷһѣͷƫܶԷᱡ䲻˶ۡ
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ңϱֻ˵һ䡰ΪȻոʳģǰ˾ǵ죬סҲȫ˰ɣ֪һܷǱߵĶԲߣѡ
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ңûɱˣϱûУⱲҲûУ˵ɱˣ˵¶ûһΣһΡ
һңֱûԷ֮С
ǰѱòϣҪңﴫĲҽС
ǳң֮ڡ
СƵŮˣϵ˷ΰӡ


8 Զ
ȫݵ˶һ
ξʹ֮°ϣ˫ֽۣһѪ˳Ʒ£ѪɫԵңþȫƿ˹ߺ˾䣺㻹ʲô
ȻҲ׼ݵĲ򣬳δӦ֮ʴӵϵϸ߿ӣ嵽ǰ
ˣξŭ𣬼֮ʹңȴ¡
ңûۣ˹ȻҲݵӣ˲оͽסƬңЬģָ߳нѹڷκͷЮŷȻȺֻͳسң˵˾䣺վҺ档
ңԾ㵽Ȼ˺֣־岢δˣԾڲֲԾ߬ס䣬бһһۣƼֱϵָӦþİͦɣһ޲
ÿ˲ûɷӿķ£ֻε˵ԼκʱͻѪڡⱡʵǾɣֻǾΪãرİҵ֮ףҪ㱡ĵУҪǧ֮һСţ
ȴ֪ңĸбеһ;ָŮμظƶɣ̣Ҫİ⾫һǸŮáֻǴǰңδԼգЩȤϾָ죬ȻŮǰ㾫Ưӳ󣬴ûֱǸجΡ
Ϊȴϧҧ˿һң˵䣬С˷šʵĿǻΪ֮һ񣬸ԽˡǸĴԺӣԺȻվȺӣŵöͷ׵ϡ˱ЩӴŲȥͥʱ˺Ȼ֧صӸң
𣿡ͷҲص
ᡣңĸԭ˾۳帮егõеҲ֪һͷ²ԼҪٻͬǰҲûʣֱ
ֻһƿ죬δ󾪣㵽Ǻˣֲֿ䴦¶£ֵֻܣΪ˹ٸ죬ңҸʮΣлҪʲôֻܿڡ
СֻЦЮŷδң˵ǰҪúȴңͻСģ
켣ںȺһڵõѵĸ˺Ȼ𣬳ײȥǸǷͷڴ˸̹ܺӡǰƣûϵд˷иһײи˷ӵĻᡣ֮ͬУתŭˣɱ˳׽ǼˣҪ
ƶʱתһڣͷҲ޷ֶŻҵĺͯңķݱȥֻǶȥ
֮䣬˳ΧۼҪˣȻһƬĩһѣܿⲨٿΧˣͷķĩ˫Ŀäʯҷۡ
㵷ǳתͷԼң̲סϻʲô
ңӵʯҵֽҡͷûˡ
ļĿ־壬ҪűĶЬ׵ıԼȹȹͷڲдʯҷۡ
ֹڽƺ˵ʲôƲһѽڣְ󼸸ͨͨ˽ȥغţ
ңûشѽգֻʣ뼸ӴСۻɣһӻùãסμұյСɡңӣתţʹĺӼ״Ҳǰ֣һϡ
ϲӰнײ̵ķֻǸС˹¾սңܵģȵˣֵҪʧءؽǷҲ֪ãƺܳƺܶݣͷͻȻ춯󽥽ƽϢ
˵ͬϵ
ȱƿңСɿվ⣬ͬŵĻԡѪˡ
ɴżڽּżζûˡ
ңиһƨϡ

⴦˽լĶͽƷߣլбĺͯŮ౻ϹٸһáңС͸ȥƹأ˵ʲôͱͬܿȥˣͷЩƴӦ۳帮ĸõۣЩ֡
ץ˷ӣõ£趯۳帮
ãЩ˾Ѹϵɼֻһ¡۳帮Ǻݣ
ֱҲûף߶Ǹ溢ֵ߲ͯõ۷ʤңֻСϸţûãѯ˵ˡ
һμҵŮСɣʷæ뵽Ժƫμ˵û䣬ϾҲǳйĹѫ֮ңٳҲǹŵģʷҵ˸˲ˮģԵɺȥȥʾϷ档
СܴȻۻڵľſ˯ţңһıһ΢΢̾
䱻ץһֻʱ⣬ɫҲѰȥгСټӦѼѵʷǽԲÿաңƬţ͵ԺӲһ᷿ƻͨųˡ߼㵽ͥƼ
۴ڶ˳ˮͷƯżȾѪĲңһסۣλ磬ͷ£λߣǽմӷȱλʿ
ֹԻǡ
ƿأңʡ
ڷ°˼ĥ˺Щˣܲ𣿲ӣɣƤ֮ʱһûԹ¶֮ɫֺɵؿǺˣЩ
Ǳ֮ˣǸ֪ɷ֪ңʱӣض
˵ҪߣǱʹúܰɣ
ǳģ޸ĸĹ¶µǲСܳɽУΪǰ˷Ӧһ·׷μҲν۱
ңЩȻԭܱɽУѹ۳帮£ֻһ¼ЩϤ·˵
ţɢЩңڵˡҩͯ䴩£δϵ½ڿɼúʵĲ룬˺ճϵ֮һῡʣȴԴӱ㽥¶ңǰ
ңԽԽ󣬲ŵضˣ۵֣ԶȻ󲽣ססûо֮һͣ
Զ
Զ
ϵҲǵ
֮ķǱ֮⣬Զ֮֡
װף


9 
ڣδң׼ʱ䡣
Զ֮İ
˳ʿиĸڳ׷ڴ꣬ʴӱʿŵӣϰһ죬˫ȫһ־տ׵ļڳδֻ֡ϧвţȻ΢;Բ˳ֱʶϧΪ֪罫˱õɽ
ʮͬý֮Ϊʵ˽϶زԶԶԶãǡʱһ棬ڰܹԱҾǮƣٹٵգƫƫƮץ˳ϱòһСٸԶԴ˰ΪͶ״ǱиΪӦһ·۳帮Ӧսβһ򾡡²˳˱ãҲվȽŸɽǰĺˣŽ湦һһͳְ֮ǧΪȨҪ֮һ
Զ˽ƣָ֮˼Ľ֮飬ϧδáΪңԵʣԶ಻ϲңŴԣҪһҲ֮֡
ƫأǵԼʶԶڼָ֮󣬿񡭡˿ͷҲһˣԶ
ңҧʹԼ侲ŸԶԵǻһѣڵ֪֮ҲѶ㻼빲ĺøһ˲ţԼûгһ£ǲǾͻˣҲΪԼ˳
Ͼֻʱƣ֪ԶΣ
̫Ѩͻͻۣͷת˲ţңԸ롣ⱲӲ绹Զ޸ϵѰĿ·ȨΣнá
ţңҶת롣
ƻ΢ҩͯʰԶҪϴѼһ
ṫӣǡҩͯʰȴֻŮ˵Ь󲻽صԶ
ԶޱؽӹۡźɫЬƴСĵЬûΣ£
ɻ飬ٿЦ⣬̹ȻӹЬδһǱִ뻳С

ңƫûãʷ˵μ˽ˡ˵ҲɣΪСʧˣһ͵ñ٣ַ޻źϢûء
ڴ˯Сɣңʷ˹úáûȥɩ˵˵Ѱˣɩǧлң㽫СɻѣŵϣѣǣСɽ˺á
һ˼ǻϲǳɩϸ쿴һȷû˲лңҲ˸󷽵и֮룬æұһ£ɷвүҪй˵俴ɩӡ
ɩȻæ˿ڣֻȥ龪һ޴󰭣ԿηǴ´˼СҵĽϣϧǳ飬ɷȫ棿˵ţɷһҾ
ңҲ˵лⲻǸڣҪԶ֪Լ˭
æˣֻкѣʷӵִӱϻȥʷ𽫴⴫Ȩδվǡ
ŵôԣңͷһɣлɩһμңҲԶǱߺΡ

ͷһ÷зԶҲȵ𡣷䶼˫ȫӢ̽и̶Ѩһ·سǳ͢ҪѺԶҲҪŻسң޹ءֻң龪һԶͷַҹ˯ò̤ʵƵƵجΣŴξѣ񲻼ãڴ죬˼ҩת
ų߶߶ͱ˽ȥԭ˾ˡңû׾ŵèҲģҸʱȥ˪ӰϢæ׵̴ȥ˻
뻨Χˣóңһ۾ū˾ȦŶȺȲء
˾ˡ֪˺£ƽ˻
ظ²鷳Ҹˡ
ԭһ˵ң㱻˹£̾סˣǰңū˵ҲмֵŰݼϷ˲˵̫̫ѡˣú͹
лл˾ˡңϲͽдѲк󸣰ɣ
ˣһȥɡص
ңߵ˸ǰνָ׳ͷƤڣ񴽰ͷžʵʵūǸƤûôڣҲᣬЩģ䣬ͷֱֺڣԺ˸С裬ǰÿࡣ
ȦҲ֪ĸˣƷȻѾɸѡʵɻȭŹ򣿡
ᡣͨëһû⡣⻰شΪشġ
ңͷˣҲǣƾҲѹͨˣһʣǿɻ˵ٻ
ߵߵ˵иɡ
˱㰤ңǰٻ˵ǻЩǻ˵ĹֵһҲ񣬿ھǻԲĹٻӡ
аңȤʡ
ūūıǡߴ˵һңԡ
ңæڰ֣ҽ㰢ǣͨī
ͨһԼش
ң̸ֹ󰲵ˣֹؽ͵ĸغįD񣬸̴ūһ뺺ѪҲЩͷˣȻᣬȴǸȿɿġ
ипңϧ֮⡣ūȥѣǯDū壬߽ڴ󰲳λǵ£ⱲӺȥ塣
ɻѧң
ͷŶѧ˼ˡ
ңԽ⣬תͷԱ߿ϡ̴㽫ֻպңҪ㹲µģҲƣʲôʵľʡ
̴ͦظóִѾͷʾСѾͷƣκ߲ʵӲѹһͷɷнµѧңҲһȦʵˣɻŮ죿˲⣬ֽ˾䣬֯첹Ŷ֮ࡣ
ңؾһ㶡ոԺҪЩʲô
ǰ֣˵Щ󣺡һЩ򵥵ķ첹Щªʳ
̴ˣңСӣҳ˲ֻУϸҲܴ֣һ
ԭΪ
ңʧЦǰûѾͷ㾫أ
Ͷ˶԰⣬㽫£˳ңߵС˾ˣ㱾°ɣôȦӣˣ
˾Լۣͷ˵˾˵ķ㡣һüģɫҶ꣬ҪΪ۰ŮҲŲʹ⺢С࣬㲻ǵ֮࣬ȥ˳ҲʶЩ
ʡáңӦתߵǰͷɫİɣȻûѼ壬Ǹңһ㡣ҶҲֻһҪؽġ
ͷú档
ңߵһһҪߣֻ㻤ǡ
ǵģºһΡ
Ŀ⽻㣬ǰŵСΪλôĿ־壬ž޴Σյܿ츩ȥͳȴºŵ
ūһ׷ӣ㲻Ҳ룬Ե໤


10 Ь
ĻܿͰףԴ˱ʽμңסլԺңǹŮܼңĻҲ࣬ƽûʲôʱβ̫ҿĬԣֻҪƼѴְһҲͲʼЩơҲƽķݵĻ˺æûþ¶˸졣
˰ңŸĸߣĸӱŸ󵨣һջܣ׾߿ѧԶҲ׵Ժ
תʱ䣬ġ˪ӰĶƤԲٽڣýꡣңĹĦѧϰĦȭƵظ˷ܡ
һ磬ңЬҲûþʹԺＱ̴أ
Ÿǲ˵˪Ӱҹ﷢Ѿʼ䣬ңżȥԺ̴ֻݺһˡݺæƣҪǰźȻһӣ
̴ңȥվڷȹսǵİŽҶ³Լ֡ңżȴüŪ۵ҪԼȥٲð½ߵߡ̴ѹɤһ˵Ŀͬʱݺϡ
ݺ̴Ƥң̬֮ƽǰǵ㼱ɫϴȥɨĿƽ͸Щ΢̾Ϣ̴Ѿ˵껰ңӴͷӷɫ壬ֻһһ·𶼲ݺϣЩԤС
ңŸߵ¥ǰݺͨһ±ǰ
󰲳˹ݺθôЩ꣬Ҳֻڳμʱݹһ϶ѣͻȻд˴񣬵ң˰벽üݺ㣬ʲô
ݺҧҧ̧ͷӣݺ£𷣡
Զ֮ͷ֣Ƴߣ̹뱻ѡ
һһңԸȷˡǴǰңز̿𣬷Ҫο
л˵ң
ݺֻҡͷݺ㲻ֻ𷣡
μˣҲһֱǲЩҲδزֻ𷣲ԵɣҪڲʲ֮أЮвңԭ㣿ң䡣
˽Ҵ˼ݺһ࣬ҡͷǵģӣݺ㲻ҡ
ȻңǾ˵ң˵̴˸
̴⣬СܻݰһȦΡңˣ֧бαϣһ̣ǰЬڰлεţ͸ζȫȻǹŮеɡݺ㱻вضδԵŭɨæվٲҴ˼ֻӡ
˵ɣʲôң
ݺڣūдﵱֵ֮˽ܣĶͻؼҡ
Щңʡ
ݺ㴹ͷŵ棬ǰҾү͵ūȡյѣһ߷ͻؼС˵俴ңҧҧֵϻʣµĲͷӡһֶ̧ۣңЦЦ
ûˣңΪ⿪ڡ
ݺŵͷң̴ֻݸ̴ܿͳƴСӵ
˾͵޹裬ÿ޶ǳ֣ϻ˹Ϣ㣬Ҳˡ½Σתüۡңⷭ˷ֵ˽ӣԭȥת֣ѱס߲񡣡
ٿ㽫ǲӵݺűߣЩԼɣõģмǴǰ£Ҳ׷ˡ
ݺĻɫɷףʰӲŷҳ亹ˢˢ߳ʢĵչںϣȴ䡣
ң̴üĿ
μȻǴ˼ңҾҲʵ⣬ԴöȽɹгĸϵķᣬ˽ﳣѣǮѣңǳŮݼ߶õʹͺܶ࣬ټиľ˼ңʱǲ٣ȲϾйˣңͷҲͨҪЩ
һҪǼ⣬Σ׮ݺ㸺ҪֽҲܼ򵥣Ǽʱ©Щ֪ˣҲǮֻȡԴõĶƩ⼸ң͵ĶҩĺͲƷȡһ㣬Ҳûȥӵû١ߵĶûĸ׵ܵܡ
ݺأСӺѾ㷢һõĶЩСҪҲûͷң̴һ׮׮£ûϷ
ӣūпԣӿݺȦٺ죬ˮ䣬ūйĸܣҾƶĸֺöĳԣвֹûн˷Ƿһƨծֻÿҵܵмˮнʵǡû취ˣ
ңв̰̾һĸǷ˶Ǯ
ūƴѻϲ٣ݺĨ
Ϊˡ̴ȡٸǮңֳݺ㻹ĸ׶ծǮճ֧һʱա
ݺСӣлˣֻӡ
ңߵ£ңķͥԺһССյȹңֺݣϼǵ£Ҳ׷
ݺϲ˫һ£ȴת俴Լ
ﲻ㡣ң̴ȥݺȥԺ
ݺֱ̱ڵأƤ黽šӡĻңĿȴ²ڡμΪūңԴסжǺõģȥԺȴĶǺӡ
ң߳ȣȫ£ٲɨĳ죬ֻš
볤ǲͬ

£Ѵȡ
ԶָĻֱһյɽɽ̰׵ţ飬Ź飬ſɿԶһδڵˡȵʱõЩͷӻֻŮЬȥ
һֻ˰׵ֺʧֻ֮ЬűǴЦ
ҵԶڿʲôԭŮ˵Ь
ԶתͷȻϲЦּ̡۳Ůֿıã
ǰʶźҲֻɽ߶ˣԶûһŷѾͷѹ֮꣬Խˮ飬ǼֻСŮˡ
ң֡
Զǿļӣ˼ҵЬϡĿϣӣ΢̵شȤɵײԶݣһ仰û˵ﶫͱȥ첻õС
ԶЬؽУ¶ǳЦ㰢أԼˣˣ
ҰײβҶѼһ档üͷš¶Թ
֮ڲңԶüͷ
Ҿ֪æʲôõѣӦ˽ɣ΢°ָͣʹ
Ӷ֪֪ҲŻسãûü㰢һۡԶȦΣеĽݡ
棬յ㲻ȥʲôرģҰֹЩҲҪȥϴҡ
ŻسûãҪȥΪ£Զ΢
Ҫ֪Ͳˡɽ͸˸Ƶģ޵ö첻ʳ˼̻𣡡Զ£Ƶ
˸ˣԶ⡣
֪ˣЩһۣŵҿ


11 Ʒ
ңûܸ˪Ӱ䣬ݺ¸ϵջʱ˪ӰѾϣҹʱʼ񳿳ʱĩֻẹֻ̀Ϊ̹öϢز⣬ֻܽ
̵˪ӰƣſרΪ̵ĲϣֻèſÿֻŰƴҲģֻ֪ѩ׵ġ
˵ĸè̵ϢУȾϢĸèпܲӡΪ˪ӰӣңҲȥẹֻ̀Ա۰ͰͿš
׾ԱʰĹߣʲôˮʪȾѪӡ
ңЩֺ棺Щʲôõģ
˪Ӱáèʱϻа£粻ʱèϢ°ҪȥèճҺڱǴɺͻĸèߣ캮ҪرעⱣů׾һҹûۣԴ˸Ƿϸ
ȫ̵ңɴۣϸ˽ˣŸһϰɣΪǶԸɡ
ǿԣ˪Ӱͷ̥һͷ̥ѲĻʴ㣬׾Цˣͷ̥ĸèûо飬ǼèҰèʶ㣬һ°£Ҫ˴Э˵˼䣬ּдšèֵ֣˪Ӱų㣬˪ӰȾЩϢèҲ޷
ң۾˪Ӱ£ȥèҲұָֻͷСĦָϴèԼ΢΢Ǹоء
ǰͬ˵õģһֻèߣ쿴Ҫֻҡ׾ֵ
è֮⣬׾Żһèܴè࿴èĴ̬׼ȷʮ֮߰ˡңѧ㣬Ҳֱܷһèճһգ۶ûҲ̸ϹƤࡣ׾ʱѡä˽ϾǸˣèõгüۣҪǵȳңƷõʹ죬ҪƷεģҲ˵ȥäãֻ⣬߶ġ
ңҲ˼ͷã

ң춼ȥèʱ۾͹èûۣϵëЩһţߣֻСȵŴյĸ̺ȣżһèУϸϸ۽еĶҪ
ձҪè˪ӰⷸǿֻҲϲֻҲ⣬ȡᡣǡ˪Ӱιһ̣ѺˮԷֻСèȱ̱Ŵһ˯ֻһֻȶèȺ˯Աߣ˯Ҳͱè̲ͬ˲¶׻Ƥ㷹Ĵүצڰգ¶ָ׸ǴСķۺСèצͷҲһɫķۡңֱ֣̲סָ֣ŴĶƤһΣè̾ӵצҳ顭
ңЦָèŸ磬Եɡ
׾Ŷû˵ͬˣȦɰè̲Ӽȡɡ
ңҡͷͺ̣롣
һֻèʲôģ׾ŲЩС뷨ֻɡǾͶˣ̺ܰèӻȥ
èȻ¾̣ܶƢθδȫϰûã׾һèĸèߴ£ĸèϰӻȥЩص̶ӹ£ңֻǰ̣ٲҪһ̡
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ңײĽԧۡ
룬ԼǷ̩˰ɡ

׵ʨèԧ۵Ĵʨèɾӣ׾û뵽һèĳֻԧۣȻ˵ǰͷңäǸҲڵҲ֡ңԼռ˴ˣ׾ЩǮ׾Ҳûգľè
ʱһȥգ۾͵ĩңյγ۵šΪμӽѡĹϵγѾûţһдҳֽ
ңڴǰϸϸţһҳҳֽüͷֽɡмϲ£Ǳγ˳ͨѡΪһԱ
ֳܽңȻˣвŨŨʡγļԲϡǵγ볤֮ǰ;˳ʱ⣬ֱָɫ
ͱˣ
֪Լ⼸ĸֳڳʲô£˵꾡ֻʱɻ󣬴˳ĥ
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ŷ⣬˵߾ߣ̴ˣλˣ
û˵ӣ߰ӣӵúܣңγ
ϴˣ˵θڵ㣬ƫͲ˵ǿɶ

γ۽ºϷ˾ϲŽἰλ˵ɴ涼ûžͰ˷ΪϱҵԸʰγԭסľã˽θԭõ鷿ի
ԴңΪȻСλֻǺ٩ԸȻҪۿۣټҲ˵ˣ£δڵ꣬ٹܹȥﵹҲмλǵֻ꣬б½ʶЩˣ˶λˣңֻƽĿӴʧա
ţңŽúիʰ᷿ͨͨɨɾٽ̸ǵճþµģñ˺òþƺùӣ͵
³գңһ
ձγ۵ִӣƫײ׾ŽèӡʱèҲƸ񼪣ص̶ӹҪ뿪ڵļֻгһ졣׮ײҲͷۣʱĥֳԼҪʱңùȥӱߵβԣβ׾èƸβгƬдˡ
ʶܿϴ׵ʱ˵ķ٣ϵ߱¨̴ͰͳţԶԶȥļңڵСӡ
Ҵңĺʱδʱȴͷγȴڽ֮ʱֱǣ˷׷ײĿ
ʮˡɾֵŭ껪һ·ɻ̤Ů˼
ʫơ̤仨ֱƳ


12 
ңɲ֪ԼҸʱ£سҪ˽һʱ䣬Ծŵ㵽ϣף˲θͽӵγѵִﷻڵϢ
̫̽ͷûжãչδȣңں£ģͷ·ɮ붨̴ִۣһûһظȷ磬ĬվԱߣĿڸƯϡ
˭û˵ֻз羲ңҲ֪Լʱϲϴģǰĸԣּĸ꣬Ƭ̾;ձһʼʲôķ̫࣬ѧڴѰ֡õΣҪ
գҪġ
˰ʱ䣬Ư˶˫ȳסǸƯˮ֪ҧһᣬƯ̴ƨ
ңСһѣȴָֻС㣬Щʧֻ¨ٴ¶׸͡ڶͣ˽һżһضСƯڶ̽Ƭ̺Ư͵³һ𣬾ˮػζ
ϴСֻ㣬ҧˣȴоظ㣬㱻ȥǣʱҪֽͣͣƻһʱҪѹϸ΢ı仯ϧҪܣո͵ִұ˰סңֻԼ˶һƯĿոͷߣһβˮֱԭĴ֮С
ūˡصɿ¨Ŵͷ
ң˰βĴָ콫һ
ںϳںһֵĵǴСԼûʲôоңôһ䵹Щ⣬Ƥɫ
ڣңֵ˦ƹ񣬲ʱ͵¨־ػȥˡ

ᣬθѾӭӹ͡ƥԶٶͣſڡ
ɾŲͶзһ·ϱ۶续·׷һ·ӵθΧۣпɲŮɡϵļȴƺϰΪȤѾ˹ӭγͬļֵܣͷ˾μҴɡ
磬磬ĵܡγۼԼֵһˣȦ۾һƼӰںһ̽Դμҵã˼ֺ棬Զ͵أĿɨһȦڶĳأûң
γݸһЦ˿ۣأôûˣ
θڣңƢð಻סŶԡ
֪˹ͻһȥˮӣ˵ҪԵֻԸӷϴμҴЦ꣬㲻ǽܽ⼸λͣ
γԴǸһ䣬ڳʶѡԶ֣־һСǱɷ˼ҵСӷ壬ְ
μҼֵѾݣຮѼγ۽ܵˣλǰҴæĹˡ
᷽˵ļԶμңȷʵһ֣μҴ벻ǰλܹĪǻ׹ݣ
γԡˡƵ꣬һֱԲվ󣬱ЦҲǳòΪ֮ȺĿĽڡȻȴ˵ĵطδҲύöɣȴûĸ㣬䴦ּȣӲĳͬçײ˶档
ɻûγ˵̵µġˡݣΧθȺкȻˡ
⸾Բ˫ȧʣǵ¹ݺ۴һקʮɫƵСֳŸСӣعθ⡣

аæңԤи㣬ȥջʱèҲнģҪ񼪷ƸèҪȫ¨Ǹ׾ŵèƸèͽװ˻
ңڻʱʱƸһ˯ɵ̡ͷèǺߣҲδѣʡȴһ
һ·ߣһ·Цãȴһ̧ͷȥֻԼſѽΧˮйͨʹȺм䴫Ҳ֪˺¡ңͣȺ⣬ؿڣ̴Ѿ¼Ⱥ鿴Ƭ̴̺˫üյӣݺݺݺǸ¡ڳܿͽʼĩ˵塣
ԭݺ㱻ңԺӺһʱûԺϴæƵˮԲԭңԺ㣬һ룬޶ûؼҰﲹǮˣĶȾƵο̲ǮŽؼҿܵܵӣһθſڣμҿŰˣҪǮ
˵ݺθǩ󰲳ιɷĹ涨ŰūͣԶ˽̣һ˼ңΪżҷ룬ҲŰˣομо˼ңﻹôȢ޵ɾӣҪˣ˭Ըף
ݺ׼һ㣬Žμйͼ٣ԽǶǮĺʱθǰߣҪμø³̳
ң͸
̴ֵӣڴҲڣҪȥˣմǷǡ
ֵˣңԾϲŲȴûֵͣǴˣ޷ʹǮϢˣȴϴװ˿ǼҵЦҿɲ˼ҷųȥģºϸƺٰ¡˵Ŷ̴һ
̴ûɿܿңǰȥֱȺһֱ۴Ժ˸롣תͷһȴǰĬػξˣ
ͷлĿתǰѿŹſڵˡ
ݺݺߣ¶ݺֱϴССѪۣһѱһݺŰݺֻǴͷͷϰ͸Ѫİײ˵Ĳᡣݺĵܹܵڽߣʮ꺢ӹ꣬߿ȱݺ㣬ųŭȴǶθװ
Χŵİմ˽ֵѿ
μΧ⣬ӰǰӰӰ´վһȺˣңɨۣͽעŵԼֳϡγվμҴԱߣɫ࣬˻ظӣյҾ£ɲŭ
δɺһҴһǽȽ־ѹ£ݺǸ߻ˣоˣԿ޺ܽǴϵ¶Ǻ˳ˣǽεεССҲֶκݶŲ׸Ｘ·һձҪλ׵˵
˵ʲôʳңγ۱һòͽ彣
ݺһ޵øңˣμҪɱˣμɱˣ
γ۱î潫ʣŵΧն˰벽δɼƲæҪǰסγۣȺһɤִ졣
Ī½ң
ӰǰΧ˺οԭĬȻվں󷽵ɾ鲻Խǰ
ʱֵʢģ괩ˮ̵ۣϵĴ˿УĻӱɫĵøԶ㱼侹Щζֻһɤ䵽ѵȻųɫ糤ҰŨɢ¶Ҹȼǻ
ˣʹϱݺק̻Юţɷӣ̰˼


13 
ңעγϡ֮ʣγѾȥû׸磬ټϻʮĻֻò磬һۼϲ֮п
δɺγһңȴԼͬüγ侲ʣʲô֣ͷ֣ظ˵ֺݺݺһۡ
ңȻֳ֪ǵά֮飬ת̩ȻЦݺԭҵѾߣǰЩ򷸴Ժ׸Ҷ꣬ڣҺܸΪǸЩҶҪһعۣƺ⣬Ҳýźá
ݺĸ׾
һ򶨣Ǵǰëң˵Ļγֻ֣ǻûɻӦңѾתݺ㣬ִ֣ϧض˿ڵôصˣغۡݺ㣬Ī£ֻܵŴҵң˭Űˣ
ݺͷøͣҿֻۣƴҡͷңֵݺ㣬㲻ߵ۸ҲΪָ֪ҵƢѵҵΪˣһΪͷ
ӡݺ̧ͷۿͨ죬ȫƽճȣƤţƱң˵ȴֹ
ңٽң˭
ӣԲ𡭡ݺһ仰ųڣңŵ־ͱקߡ
ޣè޺Ӽٴȱһڣݺݺһ£Ŷңˣμˣ˵˿һѡң粨ȥˣͷ粨ȥǹŻ֪ĥŮȻǸΪ澣ҲǺúõһˣ񱻴ȥǱصø˵
żȲ˵Ű֮ˣֲԸҰݺҽΣ˵˵ҪźãңԽ
ϼۣ϶ЦһҽΣֻǮԻŮҽ
ңȻ򣺡ȻǮҪġת㳯γ֡
γۼ˵˰죬ҲǮˣ޺޵קɰҲǮȫӵңϡңЦЦɰɣţЩɢǮȥݺԺȡǮ㣬ɺã
ϿɰңڣѾ̧˫ֻ֣õĺõġһ˵һ۰ͰͿźɰ䵽УҪƣңȴȻջغɰץ˸ա
ֵǮˣϴŭҪң̾ŵĹеݺҼУ֮ˣɶ˲ͼҷҪһݺɣū壬һȫҶ֮꣬ҲܷĽ֪Ҳһףɺã
⻰һΧ۰ɫתΪϲȵǮֵ˵ĺȴûϵģæͷֻǻûȴԼСϣ򲻿ɣ
ӣ˵ʲôڻæק
ݺܵȴ˦֣ӵ𣬿ſݺؼң˼ңͱֿҡڼҶˣŵǮðμңѾ
ݺ԰סֿڵȻ֪ȾڼƷ裬Ԫžͱġ
ϴŭ±˺£վһ˦СϣǮģģҺ˵˵
һƴֺֿݣݺܱܵðǣˤݺ㻳С
γۿȥۼϻҪ֣һ絽ݺǰٶԣ
ңԿݺ㣬ϵЦˣҲˣûǰ飬ֻݺ㣬߻֪ôҪ˵
ܰƺҲʲôָָ㣬ܻ־γǽǰ˺ݺܣһתݺ㣬ĸý޸Ϊô꣬࡭
ݺϹᣬ˿ϣֿңܵܣ
㣬Ϳ㽫ô꣬ʲôʱǵɶŮƶڱֻܺȾƶǮҪಡûҪҲ罫ˣݺܵĨĨۣȻμΪ澲ɣٲ˴㣡Ӱɣ
ݺ˫εͨ죬̧ͷңۣҧҧڣӣɾɾڳĸλףЩˣθģҰΪˡΪ˶Ǯñӳģ
أܻһһ죬ٹ˲γۣǰͳݺӣγһƵϣ촷شүμ۸ҹ¶Ѹ˻ϣ١Ҫȥø٣
ңЦȥѽЩȥ㲻ȥҲѰˡţˣ
죬˳ĿȥȴȺӺ˷ֿ۴Ҵ߻һˣһϾͱɫԶԶָ޲÷ǰ˺ϡ
ϵˣ֪Ĺˣһϡ
γںδɲ֪˺£ңԹٲĳֺ⣬Ұģݺĸ跷ŮլǣŴߣרЩɷԶŵ˼ңջЩ븾ȦףСڡ˾ǿ֮һղ̴Ѱٲͬġ
ݺϣң˺ֵġЩԥҪҪֹ£뻹û¾ݺĸԸײǹˡ
ѹ֡δɻȻ
γȴüͷƺ뵽ʲôɲʣȴǰӰιϴӵϱ𣺡Сģȴץסϡ
ٲδЩиϴҪܣֺңײߡڸ˼ģִһײ£ңҪײˣγԶﱧ̣ڵһʱǰȴ˰֡
ңǰֻƾԱܣܹײɻǽײҼ磬౻ײ岻ȣͷſڵʯʨǵȥǾʱ̣еιֽ֪һ
ֻãԼһŷ
ܵϲ֪ΪκȻϴߣֱӾڵϣĹٲš
ңվ壬ղʯͷǣûȥҲҪ;Ѷݺ˼ǿ侲֪˳ְԼ˵ֻԼֱء
޳ָȳƵ֣ΪƯе״ĳɰ̣
Ϥ
ʲôץסͷȴѾתһлѵɤȴײ˵ʱ¡
ЦϣɿЦı飬Ŵ죬Ȼۣˡ
γѾ״£˵лҺ֣лֵۣǰڳ½ύĺѡ
ֻûңѾڵ֡
ֻΡ
硣
翴ңǵ
ң⧲꣬װʶ׼
̼ϯЩ֧Ļ棬Ҳԭļ䣬Ȼͱǰ˴һǰȷ˳
ƲסЩӿĻ䡪ܳ죬񳤾Ļһɨ壻ʹ࣬ͷŻըƵۡ
ңˡ
ǲجΣĻ䣬ʮ굽ʮ꣬ʮꡣ
Ƕʮң


14 
ΪͻȻֶһʰң޷ԿأǰŽԻãֻʣŤӰӣƹצҹ
佫عȥӦó֮Ϊδ
ǴûҲμլǳڳʮĴա
ͷǰ͸ø游ĸȥ

ģǵĳꡣ
ǳڳ´ʢʥЯסϵĻʼұԷ磬볤Ҳ̤ŵʹΣһʱ֮ٻӰͷףʤɫ
μҵȴյð·󲻿ظеʱ㷭ײҳٲ죬Ҳʱδ̫ˣֻ龪һ
ңĸʱƼǸӽ±ǹˣ׽ֳէλˣңԶԶţƽƽۣ˳⣬ԱҲֻһ̴ţʲô塣
ͷ׸Էԭίʱڱһֻ޳֡
˼Զľ룬ңֻƼֻƿ֮ԽԽ󡪡۹ȥ꣬ǵꡣ
ˮۣδɢ·ɼʱƵıɴذ׵ۣǳ멣ͷңķ׹ڱһ˫峺ˮլĻнҪ𻯷ˣ˫
һۣ;ңġ
ûμˣȻãԼǡңĸǰֻԼҸײסлף̴ӵֻ˾䣺ȱ
öм֮˳費ζ
룬ңûסվ¼ʵʲô
ʮңԲһ紺ӣһǸµĹ
ƶһȥ
ңŴʥɽ幬ʱĵţ׼硣
һ죬龩֮ա

һۣңӴʼ׷磬˦СӰӡ
ʱôأǳţδδʶ࣬ûʲôܹĽŲֻ׷ȫη塣
˶˼ȡЦģҲоɼεģָȴûоܳɹġңҲδԼ޸籧ڴϾֻôСеһϾμҺּҵŵڲػ
ԣǳŮŮʱڻңɼΣҲ֮¡
Ȼȫǣּμˡ
ʮ꣬ңⳡңɼλʵδеҸָ޸磬İ顣
ΪԼܵõһİķһȰţһƵСáȻʲôûСּҵ꣬Ŀһһˢ֪ࡣ
ĻҲֻǳơ
ʮ֪棬һһɶʮʱ̱ĸˣҹĴУǰ
ңֻ֪ټ磬ٻԼԳٳٲȥԼıǰ·񡭡ǼҲһֱϵ˺£һͻȻڴˣ
Զ硣
⣿
ͷۣΪļƽȴ˼޹ٶӡ

꣬ŵϻˮҴ̤ңСԺڽˣһæҵģ
γ۱ͻȻͷŻʱ˲кˣֻ˱ǡ꼸˵½ִθδɱ˽һʰõľð٣СЪ
ĘԺӣ԰Žţˮ͸
ĬվڴǰԶѾϰĹԹ̸ãγĨϵĺž͹
缸˼⡣Ϊذֵת¿ɺã
ƹֻ˵Ǿɼµķаԣιҩʩ룬Ѿ˯¡̾üδ⣬˵ɼѾȫŸȥͻȻȥ·ϳҲ֪ס
ʣɼ˵ģǰܵõˣ
ǡγ۵
ͷ΢䣬ȥһĨɫ
θĴΣӦ֡
ôϳģ
ǸǰѾݺ㣬ӡǱεѾߣּңȴöһȴ罫ݺԺӣ
Ȼġϵĳ꣬ƺҲĵ
ǰҲʱġ
֣Ա˻
ǵ٩ʲôأѵü񡣡
ŲԼʧ΢ǣӦֻγ۵ҲعݵģӼࡣǻصʱ빬ҽٵϸһ
û˵꣬δɹڣ˵λ͵ˣǱ߱±ƣλӷϴ롣˵ἰҪҽٵ£в棬ʵɣǰ˵һ룬㻹ûλ̨䡣
γۿһţԣһᷣơŽôʼ򵥣ּҵĵճӣ磬
δһ򡪡мּңм磿
սּǿѫϮľλȴʵȨʮʥĸع⻷֮£һ֡㹻˵УҪκζۡ
׿ּҼ̸ʥ裬Ʒǧţɽν־
δٿɫȻͬ

ĵμȻ󲨡μ˱γ۴ֻƽ֮ȻЩҲδùٽ׵ɣȴоиȫ磬ѹڽ˵ϻˡƷ˵Ѿμˣ±㾪˼С
μ岮ҵҪԽӴμҼֵҲĽΧ缸˴תƳ̸ʤղաңͷδջ
㣬ңͷʹʧ֮
ˡңƿ̴˵ֱߵҩ
ڵҩ֭ſɬζңǳʱ䣬㹻䳹壬ҩûҪٺˡ
̴ҪȰߵ߳ȥȰĻüô
¥£Ժ龰ݺ泯¥Ժ⣬ǵ죬ÿ춼³룬಻ң̴ֻͷҲ˲¡
˵ǹӵΣҪǶȰҲá̴ص
˵£μҾǰݺ㷢Ҳ޲ɣңʱǾ֮δãңԷ䡣ңȡݺ̴¥
̫Զݺɹգɹ÷죬ҲɹƤ˿䤱عڵϣңϲ̧ͷӣ
ңЦﵭɣʲôӡȴûǰݺԥƬ̣ûңֵ񽻻㣬ȫ֮ꡣ˵̴ʾ⣬̴ݺ㣬ݺȴϽӣңȹ߹ȥ
㲻ضԣұ׸㣬Ҳߡȷ֮ӦйڸУֻǸԶŵС˰ɡĸѶͽ꣬㹻ܵҸط徻ӡ޺֮ǣطμҡ㻹֮Ӵ塣ʱʰϸ븮ң˿벽ȫĻᣬϰȾߡ
̴̾ţ֮ͬ⣬ȴҶ˵ֻݺ㻳Уɿңˣֻǲ߳˱ִҴͣ¡
ǰͷңС߳һȺǡγˡ
崵ڣߵ˴Ȥ˾䣺ƲӾЩɱơȻǽղŷ¿С
СңڶУͣԭزĿӼһһɨȫˡ
壬Ǹˡ
Ŀڰн㣬ȵأһ˿ҡ


15 
ңңʱƺ˲͡
ȿ˿ڣԶţǾΪȻ뷽вͬ⣬ͬңݺĴá
ңǸżܵиĻҲˣ粵ʢѪյŰһʱ֮죬ΪǵжϣʮңԸǷǺڰףʮңû־Щǰվһۡ
þӳѹˡһūţԸ⻹ҪΣŶͱһ㻹ߣҲģĩֳңü˵ĶԲԣӣ
ңһЦÿɷߵѴͷС꿴ĳҲоƽûֻ߱ķ׹䣬Ҳ¸ҲƹŮмꡣ뾭ѵӹŹ뷨ȴĲˣֺУǳ˵ӡ
۳᷽ҪγæԲΪңתҲʵʵˣЦ˻
ңңͷˣ
ۣްңЦУʵҪȥ
С;һȺܲҪȥɣ
γֱ̽̽ĶͷһƬŵ֪󰲣ˡ˵˰һֻСľ䣬ң򿪡
ңͷɨۣȹ£Цָˣ̧۾γۣң
ۼҳū⻹˭ˣ˭γЦ
ľװȫǶèϵĻڿȸᣬٱǶСԲһͻܵľӵ߼ѼĶ
лл֡ңϲȸᶶ˶֡
ϲͺãҲлңðġγ۱ԲóվںۼֵǶ׼˱˵ѾͣݣͻͷϵգҪллɡ
ȿˣǵ߶ŶգЩ񲻹Ա⡣ƽֻ
ңڵϣ¶ͷ٣û̧ͷȸȴɿˣȸƮƮ¡
Ͷãʮ㰡һǣͳ䶺èңȻ̽ϲã˼
ѻףֿѼ俪Ц԰Ե֮
ңϲɫվʧȥȤлֹӡ
粻ԻأзϤСͶˣȴͶ
ףôϵ
ֹֹ֪ӣһ֪Ƿ˼ҵСɾλԶɡλҰڳ½ʶĺѣͷվڸﴫжšھжλշڴлλǰͷͻλˣˡң
дԣóԼˣЦ
ϲٵβң󷽵ֺʵ֪λԶҪǡ
ἰ⣬ǰ˷ǡһ㣬ͽһûиۡլֹ󣬾кԾ֮꣬ùסڿջγ۱Ϊ
ңڴһƫͷԼҸ磺ֹ֪󰲳ºͣʱδǨ̫/۱㽫λƷˮһ԰Ӵ͸ֹ԰ӾּıԷǼҿɲֹһ⾰Ҳ˲֪٣˼ûиۡˣһ䣬ȴ˵ġ
γ۱˵һ᷽ͣҲͬʱסּ԰ӣôû˵
ң⻰Ҳ˵Ѱζ֮⡣
԰УѾûס԰ֻԺˣҪٲҪʦһȻҲȲøϴֻܺŴš繰ֵңʽγ۵Ρ
˵ﻰò£ðˡγЩŭ˵ʶ塣
ҾǺǸ԰ӣСʱ·ȥ׼ˣմȥңգЦ¶Щ΢ղ
ȥʱԣͷƬ֣Ӧǿˡ翪ھӦˡ
Ҳ˵԰ӾסȻķϣҪȥٲʦڣˡСʱ룬ҲȤңһתʩʩȻ˸񣬵лֹӷıµ񣬸ٵβдǣվͲλˣȸǡ
˱ľ䣬ת룬۶
Զ˼ϡȻϸ˵Сӡ
粻ȴߡвͬ⣬γżʱڷߵܹݵСˡ
㶮ʲôЦǲܹСүܣĸ⣬㼸ʱһŮϻ˼
˼ǻ߰С
ͷҲ˼ˡ

ңݺ˼󱭲Žظ棬Ҳ΢΢
ͷǲˣΪطⲨΪ飬벻׵⡣
ڳȻΪͷǶδֲĵĿ־壬볤£űܵĵֿ¡ۼ̬Ѿ׵뾩׼ҲѲ࣬ĵγԼ볤Զٷ磬һһǳȫš
Զпɳ֮Ϊ⣬ȷʱ޲أմɽؾû£ʱڽеö˶ͻȻƭأ
ϱűĲʹϣĸҲͬϣγۻϼңֻʣڳǡĸأ˵˵ΣԼĸ밢֣ûͷլʶʮڣһζû
ң߬ȭܵزԡֲԣԣ񡭡
꣬ɫδĿȴЩĶǵζ
ʲ˵Ļ֮̽ⲻ٣Ļظϡ꣬᲻֪ĹƢ
ʱ޵ĹϵԳɷǣȥĮ룬ʵѲŰֻΪӦ磬ӽʱ߮ٳһϻͷ䣬սԲˣҲ¹Ρ
ˣ̫Ը
ıԣĳԲѷ˦뿪ŶԣΪ̶֥С·ѴͣͶ¡
ԣ˶Ծ
ңԽԽ֣޲ð˵Ƥǿͷװɶ
ɣҪ취ĿĲܰġ


16 ̽
½ڣɫбƽգ̣ӳˮֱ壬ңٷ飬Ҳ顣
֪ңԼġ
Ľ䱸ɻ󶼲˫Ư۾ôҲӲ˫ۣ޲ǰ׵ģ˽
˷ط꣬·𿴵ʮǰǰ˦ºŮˣһֽҳҲӳ
ǰѾʮûˡ
ʮ꣬һʮءʮ䣬׵ۣ𢣬һһ̫նԶս¸λʮּ꣬ң֣֡ǱȵĸԸΪһ̾ɢȴ۹δڵꡣ
ԶֿȻС۵ãңޡ
˭ΰ㲻ʵʵ㯰ɣֱңɢ˲Žѡ
ʵѼǲ̫ңңĳ࣬ʮû档ǻپտīҲʻôҲܾòòģģǼĳ˾ʹ
ǰҲϸģ˼ȥȴֻ
ĸ٣ޱҩĶͷø߸ߵϸü촽̡ʱµŮͼƺ˼Ĩ
Ůˣ·𾫹ɣ͸żֽԻõңԶ߳
ֲ̫
ʮŮװŵģǶʮңɡ
һӹȥʶĹ
紽ЩϲĸЦ⣬ľָĦȦҲδ¡Զڼϯ件ϣμ˺ÿͣѾǡ⼸ݹμ׾ദ޲ڣҲѹֻңĴ棬ڣǼ޵Ѱ˼ܷ޺ƫͼ޸޽Ȼ෴ּңīأȻʹࡣ
ı䲻ԣѧ˽ƣ಻ðɳӣ꣬ģɺǵȴͷ֮¹⡣
ҴƣԵʯɽСһ־ѣһ÷
ԽоֻձݳŷƲͣ廹ߣڡ
Һˣ㻹ߣз·ȾϾЩɳ
ػһºѣ㱳ĸ׽Ӵǵĸ״ŭ˰ɣ۵
΢У⻰ǳԷ֮ڣҪȶԷ˼߹հز²һŻӦⶼϱɵĻϰߣԵˣ׽֮ˣң
šһ𰸣漰ּҼ£͡
ȴЩ棬ôɴӦ²磬ôɽ֮˾е㲻һ޵޳ˣ
ûʲô˶ѡһƣҾΪ£
ˣʲô𰸣
ǷԴ⣬һʱҲûӦת˻磬Ǹèġ
è粻⡣
ʯµĲݴԺȻӰһǰһܹ峯죺ֻūϯ͵ˡ
˽̸ѭèӰ˹ȥͼֻūè͵Դϯϵʳ
㣬һţԵè붼Ҫ̵ϡ
ɫֻèĻɫɼһֻٽһֻףëˮ忴øˣҲè͵ԣҪ˵ЦȴһݴԼ䣬Ŀ°֣һסһֻèĺ󲱾
èȻצӶˣ綯Ѹ٣סֻܹԹԾͷá
Ȼһèľν׼ݣҲ֪Ķѧģɲǵּè
簴ֻèŽߵԱߣͷߡ
ɵۣܿǣϯǣ㷸źèʳ
Ҳʳ
㲻èɶ˼Һò׵𵽵ġ岻Ϊ
üèĺѨסһʱǲᶯèҪˣ۳ֻèļֻõֻèֻèʳεϡӰԶ
۾ֱˣ·ᵽʲôζ⸱ٴеģΪֿѵҲֻͳһɾšüͷȥ߰˵ҿɸ㣬Ҳ㿪ڣСүҰæ˱Ӵͷһʱ⣬ãһ˿ԽˣèôⲻܳԣҪɾ
ۼⲻɿ֣èؽһܵñȺӻ죬ֻèΪ̫ܲ죬Ŷëſϣֻ˵èǣһ˿ºЦ⣬°Ͷ쾪ϣȿץèҪϡ
㡭ʶèèģʰ°Ͳʵ
ֻܵƣֻн𱦡紹èʽ𱦣𱦣ҿмǴȻܻشˣػ㽫һѱ
üһ޳
ۼ𱦵צɫӡϼӡӣԽֵܣǽأ
Ҫ֪ϲྻһۡ
ƣͿ첻ʶֵˣȴè˿С벽ĵʯɽ¡
ӼȻˣ
ʯɽӰ߳Ӱ¹ԽԵϸ˵£ֱˡ
ң
һϮ°˿࣬ͬɫС£һ̻ۣڷСֻ˸ΣǼеһĨĵڷڣ
ҳèģײλڴ̸ǣǸңûǰͣڶ岽⣬ԡ¹У̿ڣֹӶҵè
̸Σűѡ𱦵ͷֱۣèЩԵ֡
Сլ֮УδˣȻʶն˭Ե޹ءŶˣҲһͷײȥңصʲλۼιèֹƺĵãǼҲū
ûСҡͷʶһˣҲֻèҲһһףֻĽ𱦡񡣡
ÿ˵һ֣ǰһ㣬Ž
֪ΪΣңܵϴŨҵѹȸУһʱҪ뿪ͷƾһס
岽Ĳϵ㴫ϤϢ
ңƤҪֹ˼һۣ¡ңɿ֪ǸԼİ֡
û˵ֻ˼䣬ʵıߡ
תͷֻƳһۣͽĿջأū
ôԣңżζ
ԣиŵùˣͦáŮá˵߽нͳƽ㲻ؽţèѡ
ӹ𱦣ңֹֻ˵ЦˡɫŶλˣȸǡ˵ַܵиתŰˡ
δٶԣֻӰҹɫʧǰ
磬λڴʲôգô˵Ļѵɫֿѡ
˵Ǵ׻˼Ҳöܾûﻰ˼
ˡתˮȥ
ԭվ˰ΣȻһ£ɿ׷磬֪ˣΪѣΪ
ûи𰸡
ᣬңЦڱʱͻ˪䡣
ȷ⣬Сִ󡱵ʮꡣ
ɺ޵ǣƺɻۣ̽ԽǿĻɣԽ⽫Լɵ¶ǰǶ/ƣȥ飬ȥ̽ȴˡ
·ԼΪϢſ


17 ͬ
ң񣬺ʧˣ۶ʣ˯⣬ػƮǼ仰
֮Ϊ˼ⳬ̬չζʲôⱲûκιϸ涼ûϣְܵĸ磿
ԽԽң̲ס硪Ǹ꣬ûġ
һĹģ˺ȥǲ£ǸӶߣ񶾣ֶκݣԻֵͬʱ֮ء͸һۿԷ˼ǣټãǽˣǹأУȴ͸
ͱƤһͷײͬԭΪǸɸˣأȴǸ
ԶԶۼҪˣңþ뼫ۣл㱼ƺֻ֫嵭ܰźµһϯϣϸС磬ȼա̡
ظȫ͸ķ˿һĳĺ󾱣ֻԼèסţ¶ãΪΪ
ĸоͬȫʶ壬ӵеλ䣬˹һδξѷ֡
ૣңң㣬𣬸ҳһӿɺãǻδ䣬תѹֵĵ̵İңңҰġ
ħƵģ͵ۡ
һʪ£ӽʲͨ巢̡
ȻεĴ֮£Ǽˣ
͸ߴºڴܣʶδ֮ʣ·߻һ˵£ӵƵ峿
ڴڼоͰȻͬ·ͬˡ˿Ƶˣ˴齼䣬˾㣬ʲôܴðʲôľٶҲҪǮˮʣĻû˵ǧҲаٱ顭һԼģ֣İ޴֮䡣˴ѣվĮ
ѾߣһϣǸ߸ϡǧ硣
ڹͣʲôзˣʲôС
¹ޣ
ңӴϵ𣬰ϥ䣬벻ͨΪԼΡΪԼδˣǵõҲõģ˭֪Ǵ¡
ԶȴԳʵɣҲֻʣⶡôޣڴϽչˡ÷ǳ׵ԼԺҸˣҪԷĳЩݵɡ
һߺţңһ´ϴ磬̤¥

ĿͥЩ̴֣Űè԰ңæͣ²Ҫ
ľͷèϸľդΧɣƯͬʱʮֻè´࣬㣬ȫèµϰԣнɵľɹèĥצ
ңſȦΪ⡣
ɵƯ벻ľôáңġ
ڽ̻ؼǰðèӣΪȥ;ֻū
ӹӿɻҪ֮ĨĨϾĺ飬˼
ңҡҡͷͨūķɫûôǷǳȵͭɫϡк˵ӰӣѺúôһǼصɫ»˵ĵطһҹΧĿ»ܱƵˣҲ
ôңȫԽֻūȷʵίˡ
ӣѾĿⶢûڣ̲סڡ
ңҸȡȫɣģնûУá
㶣лӣӴ
㸸ˣûȡҪĸհɡĸ

ص𣿡ңʡ
ϸ룬ûϣȴūģһ׷ӡȥūȥġ
ңƬ̷麣ɣϣ֮꣬ܵóԸ
麣лӴūϲû̧ͷֻ΢й¶һ˿
ң̴ֻֻ֣ū
̴۵֪𱦰үȥˣһûȥѰء
˵Ҳֻ֣è̽ӻգеְ𣬾Ȼģÿ̵ޣ˾׵ӰÿÿèҪըëŭ
үң⡣
ǱСӣöۼҵСɾˣɲλү̴ŻͱԹ
̱غ͸ңͷչӺūĴСȫһ˼ϡ𱦺ƵãСӣΪ£ʳϻèһԵ̺ҡÿ׼ĳʳ͹̴ģƫңл߶ֱ˸ӡ
ӵĶӣǲү
ңûסЦˡүõǸУȷԼ˸Сӻ
˺ˣ֪࣬ͷǮһѾңúš
̴Ҳú壬ǮüЦҲƣֻӿҪ˵㻰ȥүһתҪȥѰңңһָۼү
ȥֻվˣͶԱԹëСèϣϸצӹ˼ҵʱ˲һӣè
ˣ̴桱һֱ˵۰ڡ
±Ϊ˿˵۹ƵĹƣ˿˿Ҳ̶á
èСƴһſа̹ͫЦЦü˪ѩڣһ˼ɣңȴü
ЩˣԽԽϡ
û˯ãЩ࣬èʵ
ңû˯õԭ﷢£㳯̴˸񣬲̴⣬ǰҪè㽫һ㣬èӻ̴С̴лèң
èСʱǳԺ˯ˣҲûѣƤӰرţ¶۱Ƿ죬˭Ҳңţ˾䣺ûĵС˭ͽһϹֺô
⻰ָɣ̴ƲƲ죬Լ˵̫ȴûװ㣬Ŀɨ麣ղңͷֱű˿Ļ棬ǸЦĿͣƬ̣ת
ȥ·õèӣܾɡһ䣬ֵѾ׼볤֮£ȵǿɿ
׼ʱسңʵسӻδҲûγʵܵһٶҲһ·ͬġ
㰢ѹѡҪѵʱĽҪسҲ˵ˡ
ô죿ңǳ
ôĪδ󰲣㳤·棿ˣ㰢һĳǻ٣ܶЩʱգɴ󰲣ٴȻ볤
ȴ˵õˮ©ƹȫˣΨǵ΢۽ǣй¶ңˡ
·ˡ
Ҫ볤ȥһ⡣
ͷֹӣҺõúܡңӲ
䣬ͼ۽øһЩȦˡ
Ǿͺãտɣͬ鳤
ƽֻ񣬷·˵
ңӲ


18 
γڹȻŻسѰң̸żңԶУ˿񶨳֮գպ
ڣңæû¡ȥӣ̫Ҫ㣬Ȼγ˵ǱѾȫ׼ˣûҪоȥӰ˵
ڶⱸףθС˴ʹң¥ֱʣ˼ֻ޴ֻݱڵϣңλá
γڴ˹ӣƫɿһĻԹң𣿡
ңͷùߵĶȥҲġ˵䣬ЦĴΪƼγߵ˶¡
缸Ҳγˣ겻ɢ
ʲôγűɨüͷ飬Ϸŵһɫĳޣˣû𣿡һװĶС⣬ʲôżˡͭ塭
ңܻӳ£ֽ޶һ㿪ʲôҵĶҰپʹ٣
γڳʱңǰţҲãżܳġ
˰γڵǿŷȡ
Լ취ңòĸַģС˯һһۼÿҹڻеĶ¾ɵµϢΨһܰοŻ̻󲻰ȴѶģȡⱲϡȱİȫеľ
ڹȥɳĺۼ˵ϢЩʮУԶȥԶȥʵĲʡĸչԼǨ뾩ʱΪûЩʮֻܿȥˣҪֲԼ
ִЩʧõľʧõ£ֻпţԼǳجлˡ
ôЩֺη
嵹Цˣǳɰ
ҿɣû̵ĺӡγȻ޷Ĳýһȣ˵Ͳ
һԵ֡
üģЩͷãתͷȴ綢μó
áңγҲãҶԱȣȴȻȫͬãƺĺ˵ĸСǰҪ
γڣÿңĽš
˴طʱమתۻĽ಻˳ۡ
գᵽɡ翪ڡ
ңγԱ߳Իͷü۾ϵáҼҵ£ֹӷġһִûУ
麣ͷҲһͷĺϺãλӽұá
ңγۺüһ䣺ˣ˱֮תֵǰֻ㡣
麣ȻȻ֣ңһգ϶
ͷȤ䣬ߵʶۣϡؿзɿһɫ
̸ǷŭǼֻ񽣣Ĺɫ¶ɺ졪ô㲻Ϊ˿̽
ơôɡҲвɸ˵

ĩ⽥ŨθĹ𻨱һͻĿɨأⳡϼ塣ңһ·θ˴ӵңμҼֵá
ٶСìܣҲǰӾСϧСɾ޵涣ȶֱùñߡңҲۿףγڵȰ˵²ǿס
ѽЩСۡʹ
֮ȣ޿ġͷس
Ǹľ񡣡һֿۣ硣
Ŀңϡ˴ӵԵŮˣЦ޻ϲ֡μҺͨͨƽܽңһӵеǷ⣬ٿܣҲòϣͨ˼ңضܵõȻͬҸ
δ飬Ǿʹ˴Ѱ˴أҲǲ
ΪƫƫˣΨһִعһ硣
ң˸𣬲ľ̤֮ᣬֻͷȴײԶԶͶۡһջأɫûܲס籡İŨң硣
֮ġ

ʯ·θԶˣμϤҲģҲһԶȥһΣңٶ̤ǰ·;
·䲻رԶΪγڸŻؽᳵһھѺ뾩һγˣң̴һʣİè麣ڳտţ»̴̣Եľûˡ
һ·ң;ͣǱҪң̤಻棬ֵַż麣̱ﶺŪⷦ
లµգңһ˸ճؽ磬ƫɵɽٵʯµýʵһʱһ˱ҪĵɸĵУҪʱ䣬γڿ¸ϲıʱ䣬ҹ·վޡ
ãίˡγ۽ң
޷ģֻܸ·һڳˣҪҹµظ·ң飬ֶҹﺮýȡ֮Ļ
γڵͷȥ˸·ĵУ˹Ƕ룬ִӹٵɽ
ɫߵڣһ·ֻ복ꤵĿߵ˻˯ңͷһһشҲ֪˶þ𶯵ĳƽ⴫
ãɽУһٶ
γڵ
ңѹһͣһƽ̹ʯأǺ֣ϿǸǺɼͷԶڲ¶޵أԼľŵȼĻޣյá
ϱڳνţңûЩֻ࿴ۺų̴ڡ
ʱĵ¸׼㣬̴ѳĵȫȡָҰɡ
;Ůˣ׼ĥģɶó̴ԸѵɢˣңҲ͸
Ȼо飬Ȼ¶ɽ䣬׼ȴɣܿȡˮձſ
վһǰ֡
ľ˸ѣߵߣųһϲ֪ʱԷͿ˸棬СӵͿѻ
ԸÿСֵǱˣɽҪǱϢˣ뿪˵Ϊ
ɫվԶңҡҡͷֻǰǼеͷ½أ·ûСߵԣҹһڣһʱһЩ
ңᵽɭ亮֮ȥڣӣڣû²ҪūڳĪ롣
ͷһǡΣգ


19 ɱ
ңǰôͷη޾ѪʿΪ֪ɽ𺣶ҴһǧҲҪЦŸֱɵգòס
νһǻѪУֻزʱڻҡɽȫıƣǰԩԵĻᶼûСǸڵҹԶ߲ĴĿ־塣
˸̰ˣҲûʲôã֪Ҫúûš
һεĿ̫̫͡
ǡ˽硣£ͬ˵ⷬһΣӽϱԴһ֪
΢ж¡ûʾֿ־壬ٹ̵Ӱʱ̽צݺˡ
ֻо䣬Ͼ¶ɽҰԷһˡڰο
ٽͣҲٰοˡϰ˷ʩλߣëֻܽͣĬ϶Է˼ٿ顣
ȻѵõİοûңУûеõ⣬ȴҲûֻѹţЩʶָСܣʶֳǰ侲ͬЦŵʱҲٴϲá
ǡǡ֪ĵԭ
ģҡ˵ʲôȴֺȻʲôĿڣҺ綼ڣū
ңתûĻһ麣
翴첽ԶūվǰʲôۣܿջĿ⣬תѰ

ңϲԼıӰΣƲˣֻܿʱ޸
麣麣ڳ⣬гվţڴͶ³ʵĺӰңЩġ̴һȦĻְңԱߴûûεģĽңˡ
ң˯ţ֧Ŷ綯ܾһ̾Ҫ£Ȼȹ˴ҹҲû쳣֣ȴѱƣ롣֮ǰҹڣҲ룬ߵʱ䣬ңŲסӭϡ
ٰһᣬˡ
ţл˯ţһ˯òȣƺ⽣Ӱ޷ξȻ䱻һ˻ѡ
ۣ컹δû˯̫ãӰͶڳϻζ˻ⳤҹ½󡪡ֱ׼Ȼǳˡ
־һȥ·ʱٿǰϦҪĺ¸շӿУĹΣȻһϿͲٵǣ侲Ǻǻ£ѡ
̴ҲѣһƼ֪˭ľʯײڳԣһسУŵɫɷףסңֱɪɪӣ˺£
ңûһۣʱԳݺ̴̴Ѿͷ࣬Ȳ㣬ӻ
ӴڳĪ⴫麣Ӱڳǰ
н𣬼򻹼ŰƿյңԽֱԽòԾⲻɽƵо
Ȼʱϸ˼ʱο̴һ䣬Ҫϲȴżͬʱĺңң/
һ㶣ʶ¡˳ӣԷϻһ˲ȼ
ȥ˲̴࣬һѡ
һǰһɿţײţײײѱɣңδ֮ʣּӿһյĺ´̿͡
۹λۣŵ˸ε
Զ˸ߺһ䣺ɢѰܲ䴦硣
̴˫ȶɸ̱ڵϣңݺһƣѣӣҵط̴ʱҲ˲ۣȾ˴ܣңҲӣȴںȻʲôתͷһ
èĽ𱦡ƺ̶ϣҲС
޷񣬸˷Ⱦͳ塣ƺ˵ֱܲԶת۾͵ǰŸҪƿ죬һ͸ҹϮʶתͷ֮һͣجΰļȱʯ㶯á

ϴ֧ǰ֮ʱһն䣬˷ɿ콫ϳ¡ң˻Уأߡ
нӭ䣬;£麣𣺡ߣèҡ
á˸ɴһǿңѸɢ
ңϵ硣
ΣϾˣڲ࣬Ҳǰסң淽򣬱ſ񱼣û书ٶƴЩӣ类ۣûͽĴ̿׷ϣǰȴַ궸¡ͣǰңɢҸԺ۽׷ѽȴֹԳֻ߬ס䣬
粢޶ֻ±ͣٺ㽫ңһԾ¶ɽ¡ԶϺХӰӹǰңûĻ˵ǰɺ޲ɺޣΪС룬ͷѣ˫סӣһСı˦¡
ݼԾʱ˦׷Ϊϱ˸ˣֳֶ֮ʱȣһˤϣ¹ȥңֻʯӲݣֻֻۣԼԴҲֱ۽ڻУû˼Ҫ
һͨתµףңֻúƺײӲûܵʹ緢͵͵ƺߣȻҲʻȻֽ˾䣺ߣ
ңɢңǱͷ໰ݴߣֱѰɽʯз췽ͣ
зȻ󣬵Ǹսǣ˲治ױ罫һֻغã
ңз죬ɽнŲ𣬲ҿûٶ˵ת˼з죬෴ȥһ·Ū죬ŲֽԶˡ
컹δзһƬ֪ˮһһͷǣ䵽ͷһŲҶƺгѣ䶯Ь棬ڰийٱ޷ŴϢ㱼صҹ˶סֽƫû˻ֻĿ־һ**ӿͷȴв
ãڰһǳâ
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ԼԼϸ΢춯·˲ȹ֦ҶҲ֪ǵѡңұִѥ˱Ƴذףǽվ
浶бԶߣֻѰذȻ籡ɣǿá
еӰţзڡ
ס߬ذףӹ⡣

ɽʯз֮⣬绺˫ȻڣѪ͸Ǳ߲ȣŲ鸡ƺˣ֮ͷһ˼עЩɢ޷߽з졣
ӭģذĹâǰͷپ־ҪȻֳֵ֮˾ңС
ңĹȴûģȻ·ȴî˾̣һлٻ
顪
ִ֮ڶܼ䱻˦ײʯϷ죬кӣƱذ׻ģһѪңң
ңĶͣ٣紹ֻ֣侲ȴȻת֮ʱûκηӦֱذ׵ʺ֮ϡ
󱳴ڣи־㵡
δгһգԼᱻԵܺڱϡ
֪㣡ңҹƮҡꡣ
˫ۣǲɱ


20 
Ͷ㻺˫ƾ¶ıѪĵڣ£üȴи۵ôԴԼľˣ
ɫ磬ʵͶǳӰɫֱͶԵüûϿҡ
ˣңԴ֮ԱǣǾȻǺδء˵Щʲô
ǹͷǵѲԱһ£ȴΪϱ֪ͷ£ʲô£ȴδʹҲû˵ֱһأɲɡ
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ɽܰɡش⡣
ʮѾĸߣʮȴССһֻͷֻ磬ôذ׵ͦ۵İɣ
ҪһǰҲɵ㡣
˼ⲻһϣѾԶ
ƭأңķܡ
Ŷƭ㣿˻⣿ͷøЩĮһɨգ¶Ц
Цѱ˵˺ÿ˷
ңԼˣŪˣѹ֣װͿЩһɽܣ˵·Ϊ֤ķܰ㣬ʼ
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ͷ÷ȸЩõйٵɽ޷޵ضö˶˵ɽ²˰ըɽ·Ǹɽ·Է
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ңʵһ㶡ʶǰ⣬Ҳֱȷϣջعʱ£мˣ˵ȥ˭ţһ򲽾ţʱ˵ˣصϸ
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ذʱָס⣬һƣһֽذͻġ
ذմδֹѪȾϣ֣ȴֺ£˹ڣͱѪȣĪ񣬱˿ɳ֮УĵˣҡԼһ̧ʯˮʪڶϵķ˿ֵĵңۡ
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ΪǣǶӪĻռǡ
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ЩԪ굽ʮ֮£ۺ󲻺ֽţһ䣬Ԫʮʺްţ̫֮ϣ൹̨Щ½Գ֣֮ĵ꣬Ҳ빬Ϊĵڶꡣ⵹ʺңԴ˴򿪴󰲳ƮҡԪĩꡣ
ۺΣʮ꣬ԺռϾֻǳé®Сӣû͡öճڴˣ
ȾѪӦ׷ɱǵһĲ²Ϻţ˾ɽܡ
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Īǡ
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ϱӹ˵ӡȻģЩ벻ʱģǸһĵɾƺԶȥ
ˡפתͷ
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ˡ˹֣
ңǰҰأɰȫ
û£ɢҿ·ļǺţӦȥıƽŶԣèҲû£һ¶޵ز鿴ˡ˵ߴӽöӸͷ纺á
ңͷһ;жʧķҲȥͽɢ纺ãèڶƽɿҪȥƽǻͣ
纷֮ʣ˺°ڣѸٹϣһߵͷһط֡
ңޱ飬ɽǾܾģ
Ҳԣңȥǻͺū㡣شԼʱ翴뷨ջ֡
ңйĳ嶯
һɽִʱɣ
ǹģͷȥԾһɹɫøԼĿΪ㣬Э

ûʲôɶ˵ģһʱ֮ѣշ


21 
ңͺˣӦøǿӲŶԣʩ㼿߿Ϊϲߣɸղô׾ЭأƺĬԼ㣬һСֶξ
̫ƻսʤ޵ͷնԺļ⣬Э̫Σһμ֣ҲûȵʤΪˡ
룬ģԼ̬Ҫ
ʱһȻ֪볤ǻû棬ǲҪһأ
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˻һݳԶХϣɽͲľ۶Ȳ񱼣ǰֱͦͦţһ۶ң־˼練뷨
пһʲôԸ룬ǰ£ֻ֣̰Ƭ⣬ԭļ¶ľ⡣ǰ̫ˣɵԲȥ硣
۳ҹɽתٵϵȻڸ˼Уһ꣬ͬβǡ
ʱڳĬת۾͹ȥ˵ƽǰ·խ㱼緭˾䣺šߵǰͷǣ
Ȼд˾ңŲϱӵӣںլչʳ⹷˺ųţͷȥ룬಻ģۿǰǣԼϡǰɣڻүͦƽġ
ƽ򲻴סİȴͦ࣬ʱֵ磬·ȥҴңιۣ޲Ƕ࿴ۡ״޶õǣͣһ̯ǰתͷ𣿡
ңȥʳ¯ɴ֣֮࣬˽ˮķҹûϷһ֮²⸹ڼ󣬿нˮķ껰Ҳûش𣬾ֱϰ
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ⲻѽϱμҾû붫Ϲϵôγ񷴵϶ˣеַʲô֪£
ңͷȻӿʣɻγۣ𰸣ɻûʳڣγ۾ѶȻܾˣЩ޹أһңĪЩУ־㣬ǵлԵɴô̵㡭Ǹóֳļѵ
ҪǸ
ңǿһ£ĸƢ
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ٴȥԼջƲסһǻֳɶ/


22 
μìܣ˭Ҳ˭
γѵң죬һҪңǸңƢͷʱ¿ȫգ˵ǸǶѵҪըë磬Ͳγ۵ֳӰ˰ҲûЧ˦ȥְֱ۸˦Ѿʡ
ڣ˲δ·ڱƽһҹϱΨһĿջšջª䲻࣬ң̴ռһϷγìܺͶṳ̂š
̴Ҳûԣڴϳ
Ƣ˵Ҳã˵ʱǿĹͨԣܰߵ˺Ļŭţ˵ʱԷǳԽ׽Խ䱾СҲ֪Ƣγ۳ٴμܣֳһΣγۿֳԾò
ƢСĴ¾ɵԣɻͷһ껹ǲģྴɼܲסˮһʱ䡣ӰɱɷˣٺõģҲƣͣ޷ճĳԺ˯˵Ը񱾾ˣȣժǲɵĻңˮڵͷҲеټּЩƣӦСãʤ޷밲οԹѵ
Ҳִ粻ֳγ۱Ƣݺ䣬תͷִĬ￪ʼĳĬнû˭ȵͷֻĥʱˣȻȻһͷһµճб
ϱңھǰҲ׵꣬ԼǷȫȻ޴ҲʱԼʵⰮˣ꣬Ҫ˵ãһͨңֻһˣδʳסϿ˿ټլҲڡ꣬۶ԴƲ򣬷޶ֻҪʮ塣
ûǳϣþۺɢﻹܱһ˿갮㽡
ûǳΪԶ޷ԭԭĥȥһ֡

İķİĴ˯ңأ˼뵽Ժ˯ţ΢֮ʱԼĳѡ
ǰҹգҲϵʱ˼ںڶ˯ţ𴲡̴ͬ齣˯ûң˴ţûԼŴѣϴŴ򿪷š
һͼǽǰ۵麣
ۣо뵡ȴһĨ⣬ɿǱ
㡭һҹңǾȡ
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ˣлңůڣָ˱۵ûȫһҹûϢãȥ˯˯ɣһǶ̴㡣
麣ҡͷūӦӣӵū͸ģСްӲزġ
ңȰֻõǳȥʳɣҶˡ
麣˵һó·ǰкĬĬʼձŰ벽֮ң֣ҲԶ벽
һǰһ¥ͼССĿջ˲ˣɫ΢󲿷˶δϵЩȫİףͬɫװ嵶Ϣڿջңһȴü硣ѻɾѣɫĮЩ˵㱨һԸ
ţּ˽ңϳЩˣ࿪ʼ麣ּʮһ֧˽Уר˾簲ΣȻʱ̸ߣҲ̫ԶӦǰҹϮ֪֮ͨԼ˽˵ء
麣ֻӦŵδи¥ǲΧߵˣסңɫ糣δ٣շȥӦѵõʧ̬
⵽ü䣬ΣҿջСҪԵģɿ˰Ҳûҵҡ
ˣ绹Ǿ仰
ңЩ£ûлشֻ麣䡣
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ңһۣΪ⣬ʾ⣬ܿ˶ڵˮһ̺ͷңϣɫζȫġ
ӣϲūȥɺã麣
ƽңһůæֹ̧£ˣʲôʲô˵˾ͱˣ¡
麣ԥƬ̣ңļߣڿ˺ݺñƵǰŶԼǷݡԽʳü侲Ĭң˴ͣ꣬Ѽ
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ңٴαƣϵļЦһ
һҹû˯ãôҲ벻γǵģصɱ֮ĵز٣޲̸£ܴ˾ôγ۳ܣγǼʽûǲģ̣ͱָˣȻ֮úܣȥֻ绹һʡ
ϾޣƢЩ˽⣬ȻƽʱĮ룬ìܣֻҪһ仰Ҳǿš

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ƺ̾㲻ˣҶԷͷ
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ڡ˵ͷ
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ٶȶǽʱ֣س໤ǳʱᳵӡ
ңֱĥĻ
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ǰֹŹ֮ң˸뷨硭òһɣ
ӱƽҲּ֪˽Ĺϵԭ򣬺·ûϮΪ˳
ֹգһȵڣγ˵𣬸Թҡ
ƼĳԼҳۣңŷһ·ŵġ
ڶݵֻ֮ˡ

ҹʱָ֣ĵһյյ𣬴ŮᲽ󣬽ɫʽ⣬һ˳˶ػе·żֺ¡
ȼһ¯㣬ɫաǰ޵ŮˣüѩõɫĨȹż΢͸ĴԼɼԲͷʮģΨ֮ʱ۽Ǽϸй¶ܡ
滳СʱģôС˶ҵȲ֣Ҫߡ˵Ůᣬֲżָп
վĸŮԲδ͡
ڲͬˣӴˣԸ뷨뵱˶ġȻЩįŷ޵ʮֻ꣬ּǰҲ֪ǶǴ
ˡū澶˵仰Щϥ£޲СΪȣĸТãԸˣⶼ̵ĽбȻĿģʧ̸Ӷ꣬ǡ
𣿡üͷšȥɽһˣͱҰҰߵĸˣ֪Ҳϲ˽ϽӴǰȥʲô
ū澲̴֪ӻӣ͸ˡ
˵ȥ᲻ǷʲôתЦ㷢֣Σ˶٣̶õǵٰ弸˵ߣҲŷģʲôԷ˱ɾͲˡ
˵ţͷȻЩ
ʲô£ŵͷüʡ
ӣӻظˣ밲


23 
һظȥĸ밲
ּһļֳʤȵ׷󽫾ͳʮפӪжĸ׵ĸͩŮΪκճŮ÷ѷּңּҲǿǿֳʤ޶ʮأϥֻһ˫ŮǶӣͬɷĥҪ󣬷˶ֳ꣬ʤЭһֱϥ£Խ̵
ܶǰĸװУ̶ܿ࣬ҲΪж֪ô¡
סһĹκһƷİڷŶòӵĹأȻҲһԼҲ⡣ֻĸҲԼһ˿Ĺװķ٣ڷﶼԣѹϡǻң뷿һ̾͸ýЩ׿һĲԶ޳ԶͦΡ
Ѯĸˣ
йϯع׵İߡЩǽȡԾɱ깬ľףϯضֲͶʳ
˸µЬ࣬ǵ¡Ĭñһͷں󷽲ſڣᣬüɫȰ
Ůǰ߲ʳ裬ֹĸӶ˽
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㰡ȥɽһʱ䣬Ҳ֪ǹ㣬ûգȥԹȥҲˣöڼУǵұԹ˺þã㲻ϴȥ棬ҶӶĥˡ
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⻰ĸ˵˶ʮ꣬ϴ԰˶ʮ꣬Ϊֳˣ֪Ҳĸ׶ԣʿ
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ĸףǶӵĴӲöУҲǬӴûнͣ
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ּд˼ãңǷãֻǼ᷿ͨȴС־ĵط
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24 
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25 
ϯ̸ңʱ
ˡպǺˣ
յ̸δɻ Ѿ㹻ϿҡԲ٣ӵݣ ͸һ綾
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ȻЩ㱣һμԶһԶնڳãǿͷ­ضۣƺףԼֿϡԶļ䣬ͣ˫Ѫɺ֮ϡ
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˵˭Ұֺð㣡ڣҲԶЦ
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Ǻˣܴٳɴ£ԶͲһ𣬺ܶ´Ҳ֮ı䡣


26 ԩ
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̴èˣ Ʋסĳֵϲ
ĵط԰è˵ɾ ΨһȱǹңżȻˣͲ̫ѣ Ǵ̴麣ʶҪ˸ٴ˼Сģʱ⡪д۵ģ ң˽һµ
ۣ ųǹȻǸߣ 强Ǯﹻ  Ƭ̣ ¥˰
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ƾǻ֤ϰ߳èơָľƣͷèΣϿŻԱ֣ңֹݵ֤ջԱۻԱݻߣڵңֻͨԱѣѾ㹻
ллҸٽūèʦۡңлˣè¡
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˽μụ̄õèƣңɡ
̴麣һᣬѻؽпгԵĵˮ𵡾ǿңŴŶ˳ūݡ

ֹݵĵռӣˮθ緹ңʡˡʱ磬ңżؼң̴Ҫ󣬴麣ڶĿĵع
е˳ʱ𽥱࣬ϲŹʵˣдżҾͬɾҲкңһԵֵСӣڸſڽ
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֪ܲãܲٴҪǮѾöûΪǮˡ
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ң͵²Ϲûɰ
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Ӳõģڣֻߡ麣ֵһ˵ԱߣԾ󷽡
ңٸаģͷճԼ·
һС·ǡǰһȺˡԼǸˣ̶ҴŻƹֽͳټϿԼСۣһȺ˾ͼӿڵĽϣңɸϡ
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ΪһĹϵǰ˳Ȼɢȥ͵Ѿʧȥᡣ
ңȻСǺѣֵ͵أ
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֦ϲؽ硣
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ңȴǳͣ˽Ų
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27 
ң֪ԶڳڳĹ¶ òֹӤһ䣬ôҲûϵԶĵطû뵽Զ
Ӷɺһԩܻûꡣ
߬ȭң֪Լʲô̬Զ ǴɱԼԶԺԶľԹ֮ϻ˷ŭ
ԶһҲһҲǰݺ ΪҪ趾ɱ֣ Ϊ Ͼûһ˺ǵ£ΪҪأ
Ȼû Զ粻ͬʱķŭ⡣
Զǰ ŲȴߵĺӰס ֦סֱۣ˽һҪңѽƬʱ侲棬תȥ ֻ麣ͽӤá
˼ ߺȻιһ磬еӰವǰ סȥ· ͣ
ôҾߣԶ˼ ûսΣȴб飬˫ۡòѰŮһԷʱɨ͸źݾ
ÿңڲ޷ϻ
ԶüƷԾǺˣĿ⿴ŵԼͲôˡ
ң㲻ǵˣ룬ҲûϳԼϾڷ˿ԼݹȥԼ°ͣ𣿡
ңѴ࣬һƹȴƫҲһǰ
ıлԶ
ңƬУǸ״ķѰ龫ѾܣȻҪû

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Զվԭδֻ̤ʱȻڣӡ
ңٲתͷû߹Լݡ
Ϊʷȥ֣ұ鲻˾⸮ϵӡԶ˫ۻأ
ֹǲ鵽ݣھְҲҪӵϢ̽һҲ涼ûͻصרءôҲȹ˴ˣû뵽


һ طͷˡ
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ңÿһվѧϰ
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һԱȣЬ˭Է
ֻ⬣˵úܣҲ֪ʲôԶȴҧгݵģȻ̣˵ôŮ˻ģ
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28 
ʮǳϦ Ҽһæð񣬶ӭһõӡңҲæʮ壬ūգ һ׼
ôϣñĶèϣ𱦺һëĸëܵȥ ָǷ޼ û͸ɾ Ǹϴ˻ңæ緹Ҳûԡ
ѩ Ժڻѩûף̴ֺܽݣ ̿ǰ֣ Ž϶ݸң߸߱ԹӣԶʲôͷͷС֦Ͷ
̴Ǹǿ뿪Ĳ軨 ۰׶ɫӡ캮ضҪʻף Ҳ֪ԶôѰŵģңûȤ֪ Ӷûӱ㽻֦ˣôûûˣ
ˣ ûá̴ί ѻһţֵӣ˵ǲǶ˼ЩСӣۼȻҹɣŮ˽ɵסǧڻһǲģΪŰ
Ҫͬ˽飬һùŮ̴ԼбҪң
ôֱӵѾҲټˣ˵õأ
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˭ҲܺɱԼ˽鰡
Ҫ˵񣬻ֹ͵úá̴߶߶ûʹͣסֶԱ硣
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̴˵ԵﴩϵĶȻҪȲõĻݲݸʵڡ
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ӱΧˮйͨͻȻи𣺡Ҽǵ¬ӣҲһֻĶڴš
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ңú¬ֻͬ飬¬֮
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һƣңըΡǰһϰԶ
Ů±èҪٷ̨ȴ̨èʦֻֽͣѾƷϣŮֻڨڨèءʱɧƽϢֵңơ
ѱúܺãˣվʱ̧ͷ̬ͦţ˸ȸĶ˻ԾʮֽýèбõһֻèʦƵƵͷ
ʱת۹ȥèѾչʾϣƹźһվ̨ʤʮֻū
ѡˣư¬ֻ̣ѡȥҸʱʮֻū滭ͳʳĿ
ңĿɣϲȴǰͷ¬ʵͬǰèƾʲôϰҵȴУ
һ䣬ңңʶ࣬͸˳
ңʶ࣬ѹ¬èֹݵǰ¬˵ϸèĹأֵǾλèʦһŶģ¬Ӽ¡
¬ǽˣҲᵱˣЦèһǧèȴ˵ֻҰèҲʲôأø˵Ҳǣ
˵в򼸸èʦЩèʦֻͨˣһв⣬±¬ұۺλèʦǰи񣬵ǼûϸҪٽӵİèһۣ
Ŀˣ̴¬Ŀһɨ˵̶졣
ŮѽֱƷèȴڴ
Ц⻹Ҫֻè֮èʦʮ㣬ǿèУ統ͳʵ£Ȼץ˹˭Ǽλèʦƹ¬ӣ
ңһӺ߱˵
Ȼλ¬ԣǱ˵ֻèѡԭɡ
¬ɫܵˮԱһֱŵζؿңңȴܲ࣬Ҫٵһ꣬ʱĲҪᣬϲܽƻˡ

ֹݶ¥֮һңΪӲȴܽͷһࡣ
ҴӲ˿ţš
Ȼȴˡ
Ůޣͦ˼
ڿϣ֧ͷ˵˵ЦһЦ֮£תԣԹŸӣسְ˿ͽ˴С
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㼱ʲô˵˵룬ֵ˼ꡣǾģμ
¡ͷһ·Ҫֹģȴû˵Եɡ
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29 
ϵ˲֪Ŀ⣬ ־δֹͣ
Ǻˣǰⱴǣ¬ﲻƵضңü֮ϸɷ֮棬 ݻƢǷºͣղڼĿãڼèǲ Ū۷̣ ѡ
𣿡ң⵽ŷ̵Ůߣ Ŀ˿ϡ
ֲһճģ
λ㣬ɷһۣңŮ
Ů飬 ܿңעӣ¬ ¬Цƾν㣿裡
ңͷ ͷ˼Ƭ̺ȻѣһĿŮ̡֣һ棬ңעڷ֮ʱ һѳŮֵ˿ס
ĵĲɾģ ңԥ
㣡¬ŭ ȴң
Ⱦ˾֭ңԼƱǼ⴦
תʱ䣬 ƾҲ¶Ƶ̬ 쳤Ҫף뷢ңĿĴɣܿջס
šƣèʳνɣǾҶζӰèΪƻè󲿷ֵèַƵңӻظŮ̲Ϊѱճ˲ŶλŮھϢ
Ҷⶫֽ׶λδΧռʶèѺ٣ֻвּèè˲Żֲ棬׾ž֮һңϵòԼҺԺҲһƬ
˷ȻġŶ
Ҷζūϲż֮è޺ǽռèèһǽֹ˽ףԾϢʹūѱճˣȡλèèʦϲΡèʦ˼ƽԲδţ¬ﷴģңֹݵèʦǳè򽻵ˣܿ⣬֮Բ˵¬
ں˵˵ʲô¬ŭץϴյҵ档
ѣüͷ΢¬߲ɽ
ңСһԽ˵Խ죺һѡҿ̡˿è
ѱŵ׽䣬ңŸն£̾ѹë¶С״¶·𾯸ңҪң֣̽ȴһצ֣ңз֣ܿٵѰèȻСδѣŻצ̷ǼèĹԺ;ȴǿ˿˱ǿҵ⣬Ⲣǳ̬Ǻè֮ˣѵ֪ⱳԭ򣿡
⣬ңδֱ˵ֻۣ˼
Ȼºܿ촫̾èڼܹŰŻӦӦ
èλèʦƽƣ⣬λͲĵ°Σôèʱˣλ𡭡
ң˵죬ȴɣūݵ亹ƵðҲ¬ɫࡣ

˽ңһϯȥЦСӹ˼ģͷСϻȤǰûлӦֵģȥǣαô͵ſ
米ҡҡͷּܽҡ
ô̶ּѨɣˣ˻ǲ߷̵ˣߵǰЦĸȷҲǸ鷳ˣЩԽԽƧִ
˵ţͷȻһ춯ž
ɫһߵ˰ѻ˵꣬Ѿɳ

¬ﱻң˵߳ŭȫ޴ҹķ緶ӣֳ޾Ҫң
գڵ淢ŵΧСӻʧɫӿ뿪¬ĹΧ
ңûϵĿ֮ãɿܵԱߣҵطܡƫƫ麣ûиΪдСӣ麣ݵǲڵģֻǵֹݲμèᣬûΣգǾͽ麣ϵţ˭֪ƫ⡣
¬ıȻûʲô·ŭݣһ½һ£ҲǺÿһ±Ӷ׼ңңƵ̴ֻУӡ
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ü۾䣬ɫ¬յڹУҲڴ˷
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һƺĻȴŭ֮ƣ¬˲ɷԼ֣˵
΢һ
ңɴ˫Ų֪ü䣬಻ɶƵ𡪡
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ߵ֮࣬ڹǣƤ
ƺС˼޵ɨңһۣȻһЦ
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ңųԱ˶΢ֻңĿˮ
ңʶĨĨ߸쳣عһۣŷԼ֪ߵԡ
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ҴҴȥֹݵ־㱻ƽϢСӻǣмλϲңΪ˵ݣԼټһ¥ڹ
ңĿǰȥɿ̧һ룬ûߣվڲԶ
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30 
ѹ磬 û¶ȣֿڵվڻ£Ӱңʱ䣬ǰ ǰβȴڿ쿿ʱȻפ㣬˼ۡ
Ǹӣ֪ûڸߣ һƼһ飬 ˭֪ʲô£Ƶ ײţֲˡ
ҹɣ ģɨˡƮƮ 뷨
ң½ ٶ粢ûͣµ߽֮ʱȴתսһӣӳ ¶ʳţ ̻ƣңȥ ЩɻҪ֤
ֱУ ң̴ӡתͷһ ȴ̴⣬Ϊûżس֣üͷһȻƼǰ̯ϰ嶼̯߳λ繪ֵĶ˳ӡ
ӲվһͷԼͷڣͷˣûбڣоֻʣˣȷʵܿ
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ң룬ͷ̴ͷңҲԶ㿴õ
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ǰڵָСкθ߼ң
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31 
ڳͷһĳϦң˼йȥˡ
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ң̴麣ͷš
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ңִ֣Ӻɰ˸ǳҪιǰȴͻȻӰһΣһѾ
ʲôԶ
ңתͷȥȴԼѾԶУǣ󾹺ԥؽǷУĥĥ㣬ͦģζЩ
ң֪ܻشʲôˡ
ôײ񣿣


32 ƿ
ңû ֻĬĬ˰ǺԶŵϡèءͷԣǽһࡣңвվֱ壬 ԶϵЦѾǣƫ̴ЦҼӸèƵ
Ѿ£ԶҲ²ټζȷͦã ܿ뿪 Ǻյζ һ飿
ңۣѰ߽ڣ⻰ǳʳͷġ
ˣ ԶƺҲûô£޿ɱܵʱ Ҫӭͷԣ ң׼ٶЩˣ㲻һӡ
ˡСӱǸղͷæС˳ڣӡԺܿ촫Ӧ һŻĺ˴֦ܳ ԶԶҲӣҶ硣
ӤóĹ¶ ŵıݣ ɢڳ䣬 ѧڷͨϰգֻһԶǳ͵ģ˸λ
ңûٷϻվһ¶˵Ҥ¯԰ݸ濾ʳĵСҤ¯һܺ濾ʳҪ¯ֶҪࡣ
Զ˫ֻؿǽվţͳ¶Ҥ£ֱ˵üɫ裬ɫûУЦУһ˫׹ǣһƯң
ǸСӣͲ֪Ϊζһ˪ģԶ˼⣬ĿϣЦ΢΢ֻԱߺȻϢעӣתһȴңǸվڲԶĵطضƺֻҪٿһ㣬ҧ
˲˵Ĵڡ
Զ俴ȥ
ɣǾС˰߶ҵĻƽˣ͵ӡ
Ǳߣ¶ңѾңлǣٻ̴麣׼ظȴԶһǰ
ӣڷγѨҲЯֿУӳŹҲλӢۣĽύȴ֪Ϊܶ޺գӣУֱԣ¿͵ǸԶʵڲ֪ңΪܶԼҲ͵ڹﳰЦһѣڼǳɣǣ֦˼µַŵ̬ʮصǸˣҲ˰ɡ
ûУûҡңҾǵ˶ѡ
ϣ󲽳ǰƹԶˡ
Զվԭأǻͣ߬ȭ
û˵ֱ׵ر
ңġ

껹δԪƽڽСѾʮҹƣһ֮䳤ֵļѽڣʮĵʮȡȫǰն̤ţ͵棬ʢеĲҹ
ԪϦգƹ罫Լ߷ֳɣңû⣬ǩͶ¥оèʳûճ¶ÿμҸҤǰңѾ㲻
̴ﻵ̲סӣԪϦҹȥ͵ưɡ
ңоҤһңתͷԪϦˣ
Ӷò֪ʱˡ̴ͳӵݸ˵֮¥ÿԪʵƣƯˡҹﻹе¥յƯĵƿǽƷʱȫſƼΪһյƣһ֣ȥ
ңƿЩ
յİ¥صǧƿǧʵƯһյҪõնȫŲɡϾеӶڴ˰յ͸Լң಻⣬յƿȴʱ䶼ԶȥͽС
ʮǾ˶Ÿĸ۰ֳ磬һݵƢ˵ȻָʹȴҲʻϲң磬ɻĵһԪң֪˫ȫҪõƿѣ֪һ˵ơ
ΪɩȻӦô󷽲СԷǵڴշȻõ˵ƣʱ˵仰
ңҰֲϲġ
Զҵİ֣ȴԶɾ
Űɣյƣҵġ
ʱңָĺӻ֮һЦֻ
˭֪շյƣң꣬ӳ絽Уûűߡ
룬ǵƾˣػȼƣȴûõ

һڣָſǳﲻָݷõ˼ࡣԽڣּҼԽϿ޷ؼžۣǰȫӦ罥Щ¾ϡ
ӦգҲЩܲסᣬǶ㵽ƫƧˮ͵У뻹ǱԶץšԶìܵġһҲʵʵ֮սܱ˴˽󱳵ĸεֵܣҲֵܡ
ҲԶ˵ǲܽбѣܾԼֵܳһǣˮԶҲûԼˣǿŹ䳯õͷ­֮ϣŭ
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ᣬüġѾδⱲԶԶְæĴѾ֮٣ⲢԶ
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ûôҪơԶ֣֮Ӧұǡ
ǡҪֻЬˣѶЬ棬ϱӲûôһ
Զתͷɳأиĳģŭ棬ҲǾÿаˡ
Ĭϡ
ֺ˼ңƿһյʲô͵ģ
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˲ΣΣȱʲôʲô
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ʲôôôͶģϱӾǣⱲȥμҵĶҲǡңèǾЩèĶңȱǮҲӡ
һңȱʲôʲô˲ͨͨ͹ģϲҹСȺãҲָĻҹԣһңҹ⽵µڶ챻֪ٲһٿǵڶڳ͵ŰԵģ棬ûԼİˡ
治ЩʵڵĶʤһˮһµůͺñңЬ࣬۶ϲġ
ľԴ𣿡Զͬ磬ֵѵƿҾǡ
粻ÿɷˮȴһƿƿ𣿡Ůյˮһһյ
ɱơԶ粻ʵʡ
ƲͷԼֳѾʰûҧҧһҪأ
뿴Һ㰢ִôԶСʵûޡ
ڡЦˣˣ㡣ϻһתֵ֪ļСӣýܸҺͰʶ
Ҫ֪˭ȥĵơ
ԲҪܱߡ
ɣҽԶӦ


33 ޳1
Ԫƽת۾͵ ңԪš
ҹĻ֮ʱеƻӣ ת֣һҹ˸˸ʤҹǡңʵܰƬƾ ڣ ǧ򻧶Ǻõľ ·ʢһֿɼĻ
˳ȸƶң̴麣 γҲȸȥ˶յǰ֮γò뿪벽 ңҲ˶ĵط꣬ ֻɵĽߡ·γ۸̴յƣ̴յƣңյҵƣγЦƺһ Բ
ңôԲˣֲݺȳƺ
ţ ԶպȻ顱һըһؾ޴̻ ̻ ڰкȻһյ޴ʵơڵ¥ߴ ɴ¹ɣ˼ƣżֶƼ
Ⱥһ̾Ǵӿȥ
ǳ͢ΪԪƻ׼ѹƣΩΩФ
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ȥƵƿԵģȥεСɾңһĻ
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ҲҪȥͷˣָļңæҪקסγڡ
Ȼγ۱ԣڽִжӣЩ¸Ȥңߣ߱˵㰢֣ҺôҲý˲ġ
ңͷˣȰγֻۣܸһ¥ȥˡ
ʵγ۵ȷʵҲ˽ǵƿ֮Ǿ֮£ոǿ֮γ۲Ƕ֡
⻰ң˵ϱӳ뾩ʱγҲȥյƣȻܣ־ðȥҲһҲͲȰˡ
һȺ˴ҴҸϵ¥⣬طˮйͨ¥Ѿ峡ԺȦһõĿյأƿ˵Ŀлϵ¥ˣиݣҪƵ¥ȾԣԺܳԶơ
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¼ʶ㣬ңöèʱɫѷŻٿĽӣƬ̲ŵҲգѾûǾվһ¥ǿͷ˲ٹˣйĹ΢ãĪܡ
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Ұãƣȼġ򵥽ܡ
ңǵ÷ơ÷ƣǸСӣͬ꣬ϱǴν֪ǸĳСӡ
ӡңЦ
øպãһɡӣ˵˵ӸƵģڼҲûȣǺȾơк¡
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֣ңγ۵䣬ֻûǿϡ
ֿŷҰӿɵˣȴɫ죬ͷ촹ϣƵңϡ棺˲


һ 棿жйŹ֡
Ⱦˡγ۰֣ܿ춨񣬡ȥμӵƿյƿӮ͸ӿɺã
ңȻƵƵͷͷ㵽Ȼˡ԰ɣǵƲҪģ
ô˵ͱ䣬ģ
ûʳڣγѾһˡ
ңĬ

ƿһʽʼңڳϿԶּҲˣĿѲڶ¥ǰԼӰ
ΪջĿ⣬뷽̸
Ұִǰ
Ƶעȴеıϡԣ˴ӴĲʵһŵգյ׺󲻲ֱ˵ԻԾɣʫյס
ĿתͷšμСɰҹһء
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ֱֱˣγۡ
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ðȢԼǵĹҲǼ°ɣֻң뷽ƽ鲻ǵ÷ƺĹޣһ˼ҺжԵͥҵԧ죬˼Ե
͸һ㿪ͷһж˹켣
ãƺȻƵȻСȴͨ졣
ңʱγѾԡ
û˼ҵùİءţңĿٶȷŻرϡԺܿȥˢһˣʣܹһصģֻʮˡ
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һ¥ĸ߶ȣһñͣԶͬʱңңǴģһϮʯȹƻӳȣ۴ƲĿһһЦԶˡ
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ͷԶ౻Χﰵá⣬ӹ֮õģǺԸţȻһεʱʧϳ˲ܴκԷ˽ؾڣܶǲʵƣŹķ˶۾ν
Զƽŵúܣ㳤ѵ֪˭һ
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С۾Զһ䣬γ۵ڻ˺һǣԽϡ
ɡγ۲ԷֶΣԼʤ㣬ϣ֣һȥ
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׶ԽƿԶܿϳԶΧסγɵЦһȳһңˡ
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һͷԶò״ȺİΧӭͷϡ
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ղЩˣרŶԸġȴ˵һ
ԶΣû˼ܸղʹеˣֻϣҿˡ
˵ţǰһƼңˡ

ңҪȥźӵƣңһ𣬷γҪʹߵģ˸̤¥ţ֣֡
תͷԶƶϴŻδɢȥĳ뺹飬һ󻹸
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ӣյơԶЩţŵƵ΢ߺǧء
ңǵƣٿƵˣֿͷˮľ裬üͷšɽƣԶ˫ֹģֻܽɻĿͶ硣
Ҫĳ


34 ޳2
ҲûϵⱲӻı  21
ңԶ˴Ĺ ֻЬˡ
˵¾ңԼûܲµᳯ񡪡ɻ
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ңûôͷֻԻԶΪƵƵμң ʾã ٵաҪյɣ
ĿƺԽԽ ѲԶںϼʲôɲӦѽⱲǰ˸Ӵ򲻵һ顣
ĵɻңں ȻԼϸʧˡ
ԭμҵѽ
ڼת֮䣬ȴЦſڣ ֻĿż̽ ɫԵζ
üģ㲻ǵˣֹңûӦЦԲס ¬ߵıƢ ûסίˡ
ңһ꣬ һò⣬ ң̶ֻ
ˣ ֮Ƶװף޹ءңЦЦЩ䡣ףûҲûȫȻ²ؼѡ
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˵ջԶֻ簴ʹھǿγۡãҪֿȻ绰׳ԶʱҪϣδǰʧ֮ȣǱ˿Уŭ硣
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һ仰˵ˣԶ˵Ҳ

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ڸ˵Ц𣿡ңǲš
ԶϱɱܻΪɱһһӵˣôһϲˣ벻ͨ
ܸҲ󵽣ûʲôע绺ⱲҸı̫࿪ʼҲıԭĹ켣ԶҴɽ󣬲Ž˼Ľ֮⣬ȴһ㡣
ΣңȻԾ֣ôһˣᡭ磬һΪɱң


35 ݶ
ϣ °΢Ŀңϡ¹ǧƻᰲɢ㷢ڷ΢΢ƮʱԸ ֻ밲ؿ˿ڣֻܽעתһֳڻϡ
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ң磬麣ǽ˻ݵģ̴ֻСһʰĶææûһԹԡ
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ҵӻɡ
˭ģңɲôɵ£ʱʶûʾץ¬ߣɼǵ⡣
ãǰбӡ
ңȻµ˭£ЩԼӦ
˵ˣЩµԩǱǸΪֻԼƺѣڹ£֡¬ǵӣƾӷ䡣ͷ罻Ļһֲظ
ҷ䣿úӣΣң
˵밵г¬ߣҲԡ
ң˵ġ¬ߡĿһ
ץģԼŰ죬ͷ˶٣ңſڡ
ֵӻ˵չݶͬգҪЩˡڳϵպӲǲд£õµĵط
ңƬ̺㵽ˣǵµҰݸߵ£Σ
Ȼ̧ͷ˵
ȥϲҵ˼ңЦ
ǡûԡ
Īٸңң˵껰̣תҪٱèʱȴ֣ܿһè
̲ˡ

ϣųڹյʱ䣬ֽ˺ϺС
ѱ²ˮʹѣĹӾӨ͸ϲлʱܻӭĹӡ𻰣ҲδŮ죬бڳ˵˻Ự⡣
ⶼ꣬Ƽ޲ֱͦõһָȴҲûֱߵߣ֣־ǰгѣֻЦͷƵģҳתתöѰɡ
˵Цȴ羹һƴϣĿ
ס罫Ѷ𣬵ݵǰ
ǰЩչ͵һûٶȴתͷ͸¬ߣΪ㲻ˡȻԣöιһ̡㶼ȥɡޱ
һҲ֪ûݺãûΣѷ˵ϡ

ң˳ʯ׷ȥܵͷ󺹣ȴԾûѰ̵èӰ
ô󣬵ɽʯľС͸ƵģＱòС
̡㣬Ĳ߱߻
һССèкȻУңϲѭȥȻһʯͲݴԵӳһССë롭
һ½ǣ

ңŲŻɻӽ
֮ңʱԱߵʯϺҴٽŲŮʯ
ôָˣ½һŮɥ
ԹˣϽңܹģ϶ڸһ˻ص
ˣ
ңɤתͷǲ½ǡ½ǲҲˡ
ͷһǰ뻽èȴݴӰӣȵһס죬ݴУ˵ʯϡ
ꡭѹ˸ơ
ңϷ̨ϵˡ


39 
ʯܴ Ĺ͸ǳܡĿԣʱƬֹ̾ ңס죬 ֻʣһ˫۾Դ Ҳϳ
Ϸ̨ϵĵһĻ ˡ
֬Ѿϴȥ óϴôæɫδȫϴ۽ǲŵϸɫߣ ˫Խġȥ֬۵ӣ ǻ˵䣬 سݰڣ վģ ȴϷ̨Ůķ顣
ǳüϻſۣ ϵŹУ ΢
ң԰ϸϸ ֲ֪뵽ʲô Ƥ΢ ³
۰֮£˳㡣
Ŀ⣬Ľٿس۰һ Ȼ־ԣ ѹסڱǵ ңͷȺһ綯һ׵ʲôٿӡ
ңֻٶĿԡ۾˶Ӵûơ
ѹеıϢУıóȡ
еơ
ͷŮĽŲƺԶЩͷ̽С˿ȷŮѲڸŵ֣¡
ңͷ
ʮֹ˳Լ֣˵ңȴ˸϶ԼСƣԱ˳ȥ
ûץһŮˣ
ңǰ̤ݴԣܣĿǣֻܣèҪ˰ɣ
һתͷͼӵë뻳Уƿʯϣָ°ͣüЦƺƶܲ
èرģĳСӣʲô֣̣һ׳⡣
ͷѾԶ㲻صһ˹èҡңش⣬ֻ֡
ͷëֻèҲȤӵſſ˯˯һ̻᲻ᱻ˳ˡ
ӦҸæҡͷ
ҲǹϵˣҰﲻ㡣ңԭûʣֱӾܾ
Ƴ̾˿üĿһɥѺѹѹ۵ף滨걯״ɳƵС֪ΪСǳһӣƶԿΪչ·Ҽǰò绨°ظڣǿΪס߳ˣѹѹ۵ײڵˮһߣèһ߳ң鲢ïСһǸˣңӳຣұؽλţӴ
˵䣬èüͷ⸱ģټ⸱̬˻Ůˡ
ңĿȴɨĲ䵽ϡЩ̾ƤõһŮ˶ʡ
ңŵס죬һ˫ӷˮƺȾҸΰ㣬Ҳ졣
վֱ죬Ҵڻɡ

νĴڻңָʾ̽̽·ȷʵ·ûˣöڰ
ϵòָķѾƽƽߵǰĴڣڣ͵ݵĽţΪŽţؾĲرΪɭϣѲߡ
ȥô죿ңè󣬶ǰ߹һС
ѲߣмƬ̿յҪϡһ۲ͷһҪȥʯ¶סһӡҲѹɤŵ
ҿɲСң˿ĴΪѵҡͷ
ģҲûǿ
ɵСЩߡңĿ¶ġ
ЦЦк㵣ң
ң΢΢һ죬ͷ£ϸϣèұɡ
⻰˵Ҳԣֻè
Ƭ̣һɫϵģһ·϶Ĭܿ񼣬èһҲСЩ
ңͷЩ
ɸۣһʺ֦ϴȥʱѾΣͷٿңվԭû㳯ʾ⡪û£ȥɡ
ң̧ͷЦݲãһ
ЩԤУԶԶֿŮѰ˴Щżȴµƭңʲôƶ˼ңԿΪԿһϸƤ⣿
ң˵˳¡Ϸ˭ѽ
ɫһ䣬ȻղձĿƭˡ
ңѾܵ·ϣֻˣģˣ
ԶŮеһʱʣ˺£
ϡиˣңתָϣ뽫λָȴϿһˡ
ղŻϵˣ˵˲䣬Ѿʧ
ܵÿ죡
ңûָˣֻεҸղſиˡĪۻƴ
ڼŮƺԴϰΪͷŮֻǶŵܵ졣¹ȻûϴҪȥɢҡ
ңЩݣòǹװɣ
ǼŮûΪңѯɢˣңǵ水£ߡ
һ飬ѾܾˣҲ֪̹Ǳ߹٣Ǵ˹ټһѪ԰׷ѣúڿޡ
ţңּӿ첽ΪĲɣèֱ㾢ԴѾ˱ãͲͷֱýǲͷﹰȥҸ϶ȥ
߳һ·̼ңָɣɿһܣңͷִͷԾ£ء
̣ңüͷ۵
ϣҡɣСĻܲʺ飬Сȶǰ񱼡ң޿κε׷ܵķǡȥ̹ݵ·ҲͲ㱧Ұ
˭߼һֻ׵ʱԣ˾͸ԲݴԡңڵûƢغţ̣һ߸˲ݴԡ
ղʢĿ̣̺׺ǿŵĸɫҰè룬׷źԾֺȹŮɫҩڴݼʢ
ԶԶģһȺͣڲݴԲԶʯм䣬һһèһ˵׷
ͣھʯͷèһˣϾʯɱߣֻʣ̶ʯëŵңϢһʯƮƮԾ£Ű䵽ʯϣңԤϣһԽʯϵֿǯס󾱡
èʵ
ˣңڴ̽УܲԾԤа㳯Ҳһ̧ͷʱ
ǰͷԶѾվˣƴţӦöǽոĸŹ󻧣ǰһλ˵ĳ䡣
ڣ˭ҳ㶼ĬĬվţҲ֪￴˶á
ңҧҧӲͷƤվų
ŬԼ侲򶨣ɿĽţ΢΢һЦĪţ︰磬ǰϲЩСˡ
һЦ˶Цձ
è˵ֻèͫʨèơֵ
ʱŮǰңн̣ǰǼ棬Ѿʱǰţͷۺͳӣһ˫ͫҫ۶ĿΧƼˣԼͬ̾
ͫĴʨè̫ˡ
̶ЦŮ֣
Ů㽫̽ᱧˣָë̱ӵʲˣ˴λãֻǰצϡմ˼ĵĨأĨһƬѩףèצһ²ţ
ֹһҲһ
ң亹޲ýἸƨ/ɡʲô˶Ҳȣ
ҶӲ£ͷһᣬڹؿھ˯ˡ
èȻһЦèķЩ磬ֻ꣬ҲȤһŸտľижӰĿƯ
ңһֻл´
Բ⣺
ֻèȥ걧أһֱûʵֻ֣̣յõԣɲ֣ӰĿûбȸ֣ʺˡ
ЦֻȻ
⻰˵ãңһ㣬
ϣֵˣǱ㻽ɣ


40 
Ÿû¹ֻСèҲ֪ˣ ΪԭſڹûڹңƳʵؿڣ ٵͷԼԼԭ
Ȼè  ĵ¥ң˵һԣЩ˴Լǰȥ ŸȥûôƤϾǡ
ûңк
ãּˡСðң
ң΢Ци񣬼·ȵذ ָСӣ Ȧɵļʽ ңԾЦҲֻʲŴ̬Ȼ ȴԴ룬 ̸δ˾ߣ ȻЦԣ Сȴס
һСٵŮ ׸˭
ķ֮ѣ ֵ ߰ɡ
õģͨСӱͿμңͬӦ꼸䣬ң̲̬ﲻϲ㼥䣬߿ˡ
ЩǸԲסӽЩĪǵĻϡ
£Ҳû˵С֮ŮλŮͬңЦƽһιϡãҲûǾӦЩˡ
һŮңʲô֮֡Ǵ̹ģ֪ɿ¬Ÿƣ˵Ҫȥ̹ݿèɳȥòӰڻûЩģ
ңء֪ΪˣЦЦҳʱƼһλ¬е񣬲ָʹŮװŮ֪ΪƱ¡֪䣬ȥʵ¡
΢һ˼ң֮⣬һңͼӶԷЦʲôȻʲôûңЦʼû
ǰͷ˿ڣ˼̽
ȥȴ֪ʱѾͣǰͷ
ĸ㡣絭
ֻң˴ǣǰͷȥѰֻңһ

û߶ãһѵɹң̤ɹĿⱻɹܿͽ׵Ժֻʣ̾
Ҫ˵ɹңﲢûʲôرصİ裬Ҫ˵ңɹǰصȴȫڻū֮⣬еطɷ䣬һèһݣר̺
һӦ޽ȴ͸˼ǵͥϰڷŵǧҡǵڴ״Ĵһֱľ޴ľܣ͸ͯȤһˢң֪
ȻֻгˣöԽݻȴԽĲơ
ɡȥ޳ɵģǻûưɡѾֱŽ̴ϣСèһţһèëһЦ
Ϊ˶࣬èδδų˽δţڵιۡңһȦդè顪ǳèֻֻ󣬽Ų¥£̹ȺٵСѱǰЩ׵ˣЩǳǺè֮ˣǼ˳档
δ˵ʲôֻǿ˿˵è䣬˺ͺ£û˭࿴ֻſ˯ɵèңѾ¥ۼ̹ݵ˳֪ԼҪҪ᳤μ¡
ңĿ֮ǰ
Ŀɨǵҩ磬Ƕҩʣǰֱʣ
ң΢תһ룬ﱾͳԹУͨˣӡҲΪ棬Ƿĵ£ǰʦ棬ֻȥʦѧ˵ƤëԼġ
˵أҩôֲЩɫƯ㡣ͷƺʲôֵ뵱ǹΨһʵĹˣ湬Щ˶빬󣬵ټˡҼǵóĵĵ
ң˸ڣĵɫ˵֮ߣֻĵƷŮӣҵȳܿܿҩЩĵɣѧֵ·ǣѹڽⴺʢĵδ⻭ɷȮ
ٴαЦĨۣ仨Ҳܳϱ
Զ׼Ǹƨĵʮ졣Ӹλ꣬ΧŶЩŹŮҪһҲżҲЩݵ΢˹ά˵ĻδڴֱɣңƨĵȻֱףȴ졣
һЦһɨˣȻ̾һϲЩƯСӡֵţ͸úúôԼĪȴ껪п뱾һС֮ʱֻ֪ɳ۳ңõ껪ɳݣδúôһΣ
֮⣬æά࿪˿ڣ´ʢòδ꣬Ϊ˻
ڰ֣ΪͰҲȵˡˣϡ
¡ңֿ˿ڣҵǳֵഺȴҲ֮һڼլȵ֮󣬼ʶ֮ԶһĻɳݣͨŮӵػòΪµػȴǴúɽмŮⷬɾͣعţĵ׵ټɽȥػ
⻰˵꣬ϾһܽϣĬٿ֮ʱѽϼ⡣
ѾͷЩ˼ЦǰˬʵЦЩ̽ϲֻèԸң
˻֮ʳֱвܹųС֮ңպݱȻˮǴߣѲͬն
ܸŵ֮ңԸ׷ҡңǿͷϲһס
Ҳè¥ȱ¶ģҹţְ롣Ƭ̷
Ů٣ͬ󹬣δ̸ң٣ңϲϷҲֻǸλãȻûϷ٣ǳ˿У֮⣬ܾ˼úúñ֡
ңϲϲӦˣһЦضزס
ˣ˴գҲˣɢ˰ɡڸλ޵λ漸գҲڴСסèֳңֻס£һع
ϣⲽȥںĿ󣬲мλ˸ųȥϵ˽ɢȥңǰ𸡽תͱΧסǼ࿴ǰõģȻҲɿмӭˡ

ҹϵƣ𽥾ףֻʣЩ
ңлݵȥţԼ̴븡̹ס¡̴δ׵ң
ǰͤʣǰȥ
ǳỤ̊ңȻŵùͤȥˡ
Ƭ̣ƹ۳ȣ㵽ͤͤڵʯɽϣ˽ǷܽԹҹƣյͤ磬ᣴ̣齽Ǹɹĵط
ңʱδ٣̱ͤԺȥ빫ңųȻںõĸɫСʣڰǰϣĥ湫ʣͷϣᣱƿ
һתȴ󲢷ǹ
Ҵ˰ɣ𣬰챻ƭ˫ֻվǰӸ


41 
ңûڣ ֻͷȻѣվǿɵĴͷˣ ֻδ٣ β˸ڣɫҶɫһޡ
磬 ٿҹﻹڻ˸ҹܣң²
΢üһ ׵Сƭӣ ոƭң
ңȹ޺ۣվ𣺡˭ƭ˭׽
ͦ˵¶Ӣݸɷ μңǰɣڵҲԶ
ˡңȭ ¶Ц
´һһȦ ŵƲССֹƭˣ Ǹƨ˶٣  Сүϲ˵ɷһɨգ¶Цݣһ۷ɫһεĹӸ
ɴ֪ºҲңȻʮЦ
ңҲǺ˵ҽСǵףͲţ˵ȷƶգôҲ֪֮߳ݿຣһҲͰˣƻػӣĲ𣿡ʳָĿڣ΢ؿʱ͵ջء
ңĿͷԽɫͤⴹɴϣŵ¶ߵ˼ãǳ谮Сɾٿģǵ£иףҪļ۵ģ±Ҳɾʳţǿຣ
佱ԼģЩ⣬ԽԽԾĩ˼ֱšһˣռ˱ˣ
ңٶĽüЦЦ
ǿຣʳΣһжöأȴҪɫˣǹŮ֮£ǻӣұȴصӣ˵Ҫ⳥ңνξ·磬Ц;òʹ졣
ҡңҪڣȴͤ⴫ϡ
һֲֻɴϣԴЩεŮ𣺡˵˵ôͳ˻ӣôŰˣú˵
ɴÿѻȹĳͷͤڣոķҲĳ٣̧ȫǲַͬ顣
򳤹վδƼͤˣɫ䣬ٿңЦԽã͸ŹֻѿǰʹûǸɺĥ˵Сꡣ
㡭ҧгָӡ
Լڴʡңһ䣬ԼʹԶײǿɱԹ
ϣɿﵽ󣬳˸񣬾֡
е죬ûӡӦȴʶˣǴ󰲻գǻӱǻ׹ݣ
ѾߵͤߣеϣŮû˵ֻи˵ԱߣʵˣͷվŲҶ
ô㲻𣿹衣б
ֻڨڨһЦЦˣùãҿֶ
ԭ㻹ǵ׹ùð˸ǰ˵ʱ뱾׹ùã΢΢һЦȴǲŭơ
£衣ңʮյ
ͷֳԣʮСӶ磡ĵӵܣèҲͰˣ䱾ѧ泪Ϸ㸸޹⣬Ҫڴ֮ͥµ̨
ȷʵҲңվԱ߾ѵˡ
ȴΪüЩԷ硣
ôǶƽӣ˼һ㸸档ڤ粻ĵԣֶţٵջ
ңѾͷվһԣĻͷ΢
Ƕƽӣ
ƽİǳĸܵܣڴ֮󹦣ⶫƽ򸧶´ʮǴִķҲǽɵֵ֮һ
һ룬ңЩӡˡһֲƽԶҪ졣
ʱ游ְΪ̫ϲ˱ʥ˳ʵȫ֪ʥǽТ˳̫۰ΪİھΪʣġǶƽѱ䡣
ھǹòãİİȥǰ㽫и˺ɳΪ
ᡰ͡һмʲôƽӣ˭֪ھΪʣöǣҸӣұֵٺкãƽ˲¼ɣã͵Ƿǽ࣬Դϲ
СǣĿ¶ۡ
ùã˵ˣ֪ңڰֹ֣˵̣ˣǻʡ
ϺȻյңǰ˸ָңҼˡú÷ҹùã
ңͻȻսһ˫һλдšңСүš
˵˵߾ߣ˦˦ʧҹĻСüԼЩ뵡ֻͷϣһͨЩɺҪң뿪̫Ѩȴȵָ⸲ϡ
£һҲˣǲհɣɿɿ죿ڼҲҰͷϲúܡңһ˵һḧ̫ѨûзԣָŽ
õñۣüĽɿ㰢ĵĹŮ۰ý
ŲأҰľҡǼۣСûٰѵͰȥҸֵܳˣͷˤˣòУһֱ߶ˡ
ǲǼЩЦ⡣
ҲǣûģСʱ˲Ҽ޲ȥֲҼ޵粻⡭
ˣ
ңЦЦҳ㣬Ѿˣʱ߶֪żҹúòãҪǳޣĸҲİɡϱӾˣΪ˸ĸһӲٲġ
һЦ˼ļҳнɳۣӦ˯š

ӻݻصָѺ͸
Ӧһ죬ԲƣҴһԼݣ˳ݡţŰ죬Լʱշ£ԽԽԡ
Ů˶ֱԲı仯ıƺμǸЩĪӱңȫûϵĸͨߵˣÿնй¼Щ¼Ҳƹ⡣
ܾ㷲Ҳ֪ΪΡ

عӭɻĿ⣬ŷԼ֪ʱߵ鷿⡣
֣Щ㡣ЦҲû翪ڣԽԼ鷿
£üݡ
鷿Լ뷿㣬ԼˣһŪ౦ϵĵհҴû浻۵СأɩɩԼѡ
ʱЦЩЩϲá
ûС棬Ūҵİڼһַźá
֣ҲĸףǵӣѽûӦʣμҵӣźǲأ
ǲãصش
ȴֻ׽ŪԼŲ֣һߵ鰸ǰ־ͽһչ
𿴡ֹչ
ʲôѽľܾչᣬ˫ͫȴŻ֮Ȼһ
ϣǸŮˣŻһ룬δɫˮֹճŮ˵ˣҲ˵ӣһֱʡ
һŻǿЦʵ֣⻭ǡ
㲻ҿ֮ˣٿһЦбѩڣ仯顣
ǡֲ
֮ˣȢ
ݺҧú󷽵˭ӣ
ȴǲԽ߬Խ
⻭֮ˣǳİû


42 
ȳ೤ƽȣȷ˯ź ңŽִÿ ֣Ҳ˵ ֻƣ ȡһű̺ڹϡ
ңҲûȥϣһʱ˼Щ㱣ųȴ硣һҲ糤㣬ݺ뵡ڽϣ ûʱƵᣬ üȫ¡ʱۣҲһҪͷԼϣһᰴ˫üģһߺЩҳ
ͳһ ٽĻ磬 ҲûϹ ֻǱ۰ 󽥽˯š˯ʱҲ ܿͻѵʱͻ¶μݶʱ¶Ŀ⣬ һ¶ĺ תֱۺݺȦ֫
ңʱû취ģ ֪Լ˵Ļжٱȥֻ֣ᷢȻÿԹһµʱδӦȻ˼죬ЩԹС£ͻӭж⡣
룬ӦŵģִӲӦˣܾԼϷĿ档
Ǿͬˣ̫ȴС޷ĳĬҲļį϶֮ǰ
˷˸
ңæ˼վ𡣺һҲû˯̫ãʱ̶̵һԾ졣
û˯ôľȻǸ˶̧˯ѵһ˿ģЦᡣ
¹ˣûʲôңǰ
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ңлϲϲĸԷ
ҲʹӦˡ
ңƬ̣ڸ˳Լ¥ȥˣ̴߱麣
麣úܿ죬ңҲϻֻＸ䣬麣һһӦ¡
ңֻ˸취֧Ķѣøй桪ʱܳȥҲгĻᣬĸʧ͡
ţպҲڼʱţʲô취ĪҸйӴҪҼҵһһҲɰ쵽麣ͷңֽ
麣ټصģ죬ûͷûԵһ֣ͨʲôûʣֻհ졣
һʱ䣬麣ȥң⵽ԼУûƨɣ̴ִҴҽŸϻӣͷ˶ָ㡣
ңӽϻһϻԼСϻϰǱѰǸҪĸԤ趨ֲܴ򿪡Ѱ˼ҼѼңȴ
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ϻװűӣͷ¼صϢ֮⣬עص㡣
עӬͷС֣ңϵá
֮֡


43 ܺ
ңһҲû飬Ѷû ϸⱾӡ
ݷ֣ ޾ϸȫĸϣ 塢弰߶Ѷһһڲϣ һټ¼óϺǷһм¼Ѿһɸ飬עĿȦصڣעݼҪȴҪ
ݼ¼ԿӦǴȥ Ѿм ¼һһȻһļճ춯
꣬ ̻ ĸ֮⣬ иܵܣ ԭҼҾҲ㲻 ֻϧ޺û길ĸȺ󲡹ʣֲܵ ұû䡣ķ̻ Ӫݣ ½·óף̶ֻӣ߹ⶼߣǴġٺšڳ˷ֺź󣬱㽥Ǩס
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ң̴ԼС԰԰ȥߵһ룬ƼǰͷüС׷ֵܹǰһλƺ߬ʲôЦţ°ʯ飬ּˤңǰңһæǰˡ
СӵŮѾһ˷ң㸩ʰԷڵĶ
һŮСӦġӡġ
ңȻüϵŮ˺졣
ʶϵˣö
ңעӻŲſǰվˡ
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ңƺͻȻûȤˣ
ԼʲôСӣŮӣμլˮ
硭ڷʲô裿


44 
ʲôٹע ң˵Ǽ¡ⱲȻûǹּˣ Ҳ֪ΪΣܾԼЩ޵ĵ⣬ Ϊʶ磬ֲԶĺøйϵɡˣ Լе κһɷΧڳֵԣ ԶжĿ꣬ Ҫϼӷ
Ŀȥң С԰߿˷ʱ֣ ŮС԰ٸ÷ ңδ룬 ̴͸Ů԰
ٸڹƫƧǣ ǸԵʯɽΪ ɽ¥¥Žڸǣ昆ȶʣվڸп ⸮ȴ¥ڵľ ǸεĵطңЩɣ Լڴ˼棿թ ŲڵʯɽƧʯǰͣ¡
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⻰Ծɢ֮⣬ң㽫ٶȰϣûоܾݺ⣬лˣл
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绹Цģʮߣջȳ²֡
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ջȳ²֡
ջ񣬳²


45 
ð緹ңС԰С вϻʲĺ̴ֱ ˵Ǻιùˣʱ˼ݡ
ιùòһģ վӣŹͳһȹң ιùúЦǰ ˴й ιùòŵӣ λԭȾڸչܵ°èỤ̊ѩ  
ÿһ֣ һǰңңһ׻ һ߲ɫŮ̡гͳŮң ϻһ ѩҪ٣ʮͷģòãֹǶ˿
ˣ ң˵仰 Ǹæȥ Լιùó԰ӣ ȥרΪС԰èʳĳ
ιùã ƳѩͲСӦľˣ·ϣңѩ
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ˣң֦Ϸ棬ó̬ȣףǹĹأҪڹشãû顣
ɾ죬ʮ塣
ңͷû飬ֻ֦˾䣺ù󣬻ͷȥС԰
ϣֽãȥʣµ֡

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ιùֻ췢һһż԰ڷ£Ц
ˣΣ
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ĦһֻѪĿڣûʲôֵֵãµˣҪʡС⣬ԼǸҲȤбܽΰԣû½Ǿ³ç嶯ЩĶǽѣ겻Ҳ˹ġ
½̻ǡιùô
ԱȴһЦǸСѾͷƬӣùģҵҲЩȤˡ
ȥֻվڶ౦£һ߰Ÿ˫¯һ߳ԼЦûΣбһۣ⡣
ŶΪΣöƽӣѡɻš
˻ýͱˣʵ㣬ĪҺ¡
͡Լĥţٿڡ


46 
С԰ʮˣ ȱèỤ̊ ֻ֪è֦⣬ңỤ̊ ŻС԰
ҹʱ֣԰Ĺ½ңе˶˹֦Ϊ˷Ǳ͡һȳһչ ˵ǱȻ԰ʱԾƤЦ κòУ ȫȻ˵ˡ
ν㣡Ƽվµң ֱֳ֦ӡ
⺢ӣ̴ҡͷ ȥ֦ ȴңס
ң˹Ĺµлֻ֦վ𣿡
֦һߵԡһ߳˫֡ңͷ԰ˣ û֦Լľɽл ֻվ£̴ֽȥ볯ѩˡʱС԰ŮǱ㶼е£ ң˵룬 ΢΢һЦſڡ
λӣμң ɵº񰮣빫ݹС԰С԰ֻǻè֮ǵ½֮أ֮£λһģЭС԰֪λ֮УڸĽ㣬г빫ˣҶǸյԽ㶼С԰ͬţһپһ𣬴мģͬͬйԵͣйӲ
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ʮңʮ꣬ҲɵĻˣݺཻѾˡ
ӣϷûҪʲôѵõġ
˵ͨ㳤Ļң̴ͷʾ⣬̴Ụ֦̊⣬н˫ܽСӣʮ꣬˫ܽʮһꡣ
֦ˣաݵūδ˫ܽǸС԰ˣè޾飬µūǰȸųѩ볯ѧϰ֦˺úųѩƳǾèҪ򡣡
ңٶȿڣϣƳͬʱ˳ѩһۣ桺¶㳡ɫѩȴޱվţ
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ңٴ˵꣬ɫһ䣬׷ס¶顣
ѩƳС԰ܳʱ䣬Ҫ̹ˣ͹ͽУ̴֮ʱȸ˼һʹ
ң﷽䣬վĳ̾ǣƼߵЦܿ¡ңϤƽ۵ףֻ֪
򵥵ѵңҲǷֻɢȥԼס֦
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ң̴סڶ᷿У̴᷿֦ſңϣǲŸձˣһݾͿȰģʽν㣬̫ˣոͷ˵ʱҿԣ㣬ԺǲǶˣʵ̫ˣҡ
û˵꣬ͱ̴ĸס
ͣɣۡ˻ô̴֣һۣתҪȹ˿ڡ
𡣡֦˼ˣȹҧŸ㺬Ͱʮ°ӣǿСҲûݴС˼԰ʱѾҽŮϹҩˣͲҪ˽ǵۡ
̴һţ˾䣺㰡
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֦Ϊλңȴѷ衺ҩתݸ̴֦ʵ
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뺮ӡ
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ң˽뺮յĹڣ˵ףЩģҽС԰Ϊ˻飬ǸͨеģΪ˽ģҪԹޱȥɣԼı־С
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֦׻ף⼸仰˵һһ㶣죬˵ȫȻ⣬Ҳ߰˳ɣ̧Ҫģֱң£ģͺáһ£ҲҪ˵
㡭˵ܿ͸˳ƺ
ңϷ壬㡭ҪҵģԺҵ٣㲻磬Уڹ˽ܣ㲻Ҫݶ
֦Ȼصģֻн㣬ûи硣

תĩˮࡣ
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ϢϢŭ֪ĸ׶ŭȰĸס
ױͷһȴðźвԲҲֻǽ߬öϸĳֱָ⻮ƣ߳Ѫ飬ֱڵϡ
ͷ˴˵ϯɢֳʤˣһŲϳſӭȥ
ųֳʤѾߵ԰УʮֳʤûôãüۼȾ˪ǷɿóʱķɣټһҲδ۵壬վһҲվѹס档óֳʤܺã˵˵ЦЦ԰
վǰֳʤһգ
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׵ܵܣΪܵܣΪǼˣ
ˣֳİЦ⣬˵ʲôּŮϲִֻҲ˵Щ֥ù֮£Īʳ޹֮ˣ
۳ĸʧֳͣ磬ҪԲ
ȴ˸ֻӻ£ͲŸĸˡϾǲȰ˷䡣żˣҴи񣬾ӡ
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ǼߵģּԷʧĿá
˼קסŭ֣֪޶ΪҪǬǰ
ǬҲּ֣ΪβŸף
ʲô֣ҲŲϣֻһ֣һֵ㲻ǴӦĸҪǬŪߣΪ˸ʶִؼУҪ𣿡
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ǡǼˡ
ԣ


47 
ɫԴǾ Щţ һʱ֮ûܽϻֻۿ･ˮм δɫһػû˵δ˵ʲô üۼɫȴǰδУ ·һ˲任˸˰㣬 İ飬 ٲϤֳ
֡Σ Ŵڡ
˵ˣ ȥɡ£Ҳ顣
粻̸תȥ ֻվԭ߬ȭͷıӰ
ʲôʱʼ ֱˣ
ƺǴɽ
ԽԽ׽ҲԽԽܣĸ׵ķԸཥΥ
һзĺף Ҳԭ ǷȴȻԺ⻭ֵͻȻǻŮӸأʱȫСӣ ҲŮӡ
Īǣ߼й

˵𣿽ּҶĵǬֽǼʽּҪˣ
ɲǰǬָֽ˵ּ󷿶ʮ꣬ͻȻֺˣҪˣ̵ˣ
Ĵ绹δи׾ǰȥݸ磬Ҳ⡣ңշǰѡعūߵϾλˣɢŽճ¡ңǡ䣬ŵáǬ֡
ǬİϱּңΨһã˵ϼ仰Ů죬ǬķϣǸӡΪĹϵǼĻᲢ࣬Ϊӱ֮ѽ⣬Ծá
ϱӿûǬһ
ңЩɡ󡻣ģΪأ
ּҴھǲܣǰ£ңΪ˲Լ¡ҩ֮ʱǡɲ鵽İĸ׻һͬĸ׵ܵܣִʤıԹֻ֮ϧʲѣ޷ϰ䣬ֳʤھвּ˫һԶã£ΪĸҵסּңֵּܴС÷
ֵӦͬʱ£ȴֳʤӦǶԵȴֳͩʤ׮µʱھҲܡ²СŮ֣ʩֶΣ㡺ơ·ɢˣԼɹּңΪֳʤ֮ޡ˳֮ûã±ҲִʤΪֳʤĵϱ
˸ԵԵҲǸ˽ᣬȻǲ㡣Ϳıֶλֳʤϲദྴֳ֣ʤȴŮ֮飬֮ʩֶα֣޶һֽòɿ
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ʱͷ̥ѻ£Ѱ£мִ̥С±ָ֡Ϊ˰κһңִʤ֮´Ӵ˰ָٸۡԾӡԺּҴ󷿶
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ⱲǬͻȻĶĪ˵Ǭĸ£ҲϲǬ󷿽Ӵ
˼ˣңȻ;ãԾ˵ȥּЩ£ǵ飬һΣһڣɳ顣
ңԼڿԶ̲ˮ

ƮԶ˼ܿ챻أңҡ߰ͷ̴ɹè
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ֻūعһ·ϣңĥҪ֦˫ܽ˰ʲôݲ׵
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Ψһᶨվңһߵģֻ֦ңǾʶǿңĹϵС԰ңĶһб˹ļ󡣲֦Ĵ󣬼㱻ҲԺ˯ãûȥ
һ·˼ĥŻصС԰ңֻūȱԼУ̴ոԼ˱ˮûȣͼӰ
˭һ
ӣҡ
ûңڣſͱ𣬳վſڴƬ̣ңӡ
ģңüѰң
Ƶͷȴֹģֱңһ䣬µмλãӭ̨磬輧ˣŸӭ̨ˣ˵ǹƵµİèðèȥӭ̨֦Աųڽȥˡ
ڽǹԭֻè֮֡
Ϊ֦ǲ븮ãǰȥң±ӣˮҲ˲Ϻˡ
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ֻǸó谮޺̨Сӣǳ£С԰Ѵ̡


48 
˵Ĵ֢ ңлл Ϊ֪δ޼빬֮һ¡ĸţΪ бūֻܳ谮ƽؼĸĻ᲻࣬ һֱҲల¡һȴ֪ΪΣ빬밲ʱ ū ֹץˣ շ˴֢һ֢գ ûȥ ʵҲ˶ŭսļ£ط
ڻ룬 һε£ ֱʡһ˫֮ƣȵ ǻʺˡ
Ȼ֪д֢Ӧò࣬ ô´£
ң벻ͨԴ÷ɿ죬Ҳǳ죬 ûΪʱ䣬Ҵ԰ȥһʳƣ˶ãĸȥģ
˲̣ϱ߳Сߵġƻص
ңͷŲδֻͣԸ̴԰Уȳѩ˻󣬲׼ٳ԰
һ˵һ߼ˡңص飬㷲̴ֻǱֻūȥҲŵ֣Ӧá°ɣ
̴Ҳ֪ңΪżǰԼӵ̨µ˳һۣؿŵ˵أǱ߶ǻӣһиôС԰м⣿
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49 ʺң
ĳ¥У ֦ǧҳòɿ èվһɪɪ ֻۺӣ ֲؿų¥Ĳ
ͷӵ ȱſڡң¥У  ϣ ӣСѾͷôϴβŴİӣ ûȫۣ
⻰ۣ֦ͣܣ ɿסƨɡ
ң΢һףʵܽ ֪Ů̷˺ι ֪
չйӭ̨ҵѲʱӭִ̨֣ Ϊ⾪Źˣʽȫء˿ڡ
ӣ ӭ̨ڽǻ׹ݣ Ǻԭ ң Ҫޱ顣
һҪ ǧұ㡰žع򵽵ϣ ȵܽʵ޹أҷ֮ȥС԰è뵽ӭ̨⣬˲ֹϽèǱ룬ֽ֦Ҵˣ뽫
ޣȸ״֧ǰèߣǲ㶯ǿġ֦ʾܿ
ӭ̨ڶǹˣƾǵݱͲܽ룬ҽèߣк⣿ǧҵ֦
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ǰյľδɢ۵͸ãȻ⣬ʵãżҲֲ̫
ңң𣿡Բһͷ
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Уʮ¼λš꣬ǼԪ꣬꣬ǼʮꡣĿҵĴתأĿ⽻û˵ôģ
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ңֱӣЩŵؿ˿ң磬ֻУڡ
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ͽݵĽӴӾҪѧŲ׾ˣңܿһߣڹйüѡ
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ңضǸֻ㺢ӷĸףֻϸֲԸ̫ľУԢ뵽õİ취Լ걻ѧ̫ȤĶϣĺصޣϣԼĺܹģǺӵʱ򣬲رӵг˵뷨
ңһͣ˵ЩǶǵĻʱ֪ͨλش
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ңһ㶣ȴȦס˵˵ţȻͷңңҲ˲϶룬ֻĺ󱳲Ȱοſֹᡣ

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56 
粢ûڹޣңΪ˺ɫȥңҹ˯òʵ˸ΣлεԼϼڼգȱɴһͦεӰӱӳٿֻԼ˻ˡ
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ңͷǣùñ㲻ٶԣǣ֣򳤹ңվڵ⣬ĿȥһۣСվǱס¶һ˿ѹ
ǹۿ˵͵ģ˭أ
ңΪĿᣬżĻ֪˵ùáʺߵĺˣڹҲֻɣȻֹͨİȷδֻǸδƷ׵Ů٣ҲͰˣǶƽӣȴҲûһ˷УɼڳĵλжΡ˼ˣң
Ǽ
Ҫô̫ˣңȫĸȻˣټǸŹŹֵֹΣңõܣ²ֻͣǡչСʮĲѾңҲðС԰ȥ
ȴûŹһ·صŴʰҲ˵
ûңʰö̾ʹĸŮ̽ңЦСЩʱձչ˵úܺãˣ·ǳ⣬Щǵʹ͸ġ
һ˵һŮ̽еʹͷϣһϻӣһֻĺΣɶʮ־£ƥ篣͸ϣһʵı֦
ңл£ֵΪչʮ£ڸеֵδЪض壬ӹ̽ס
һң۾ȷʵжδؼˡлң׼ŶС԰תͷ֮ʱŷѾʧڴߡ

صС԰ң㽫ϻת͸С԰Ů̡
Щʱδ԰УȫλͬЭȱ˵С԰һپ٣˵¶ͣλĹͣϻӣҷ˰ɡ
ңһأվŮϲЦտмԹҲϻɢֻǲ˳ѩ˸ܰˣǺιù油ѩġŮ̴ϲص˳ȥֽӣֻʣºιùңˡ
͹ùˣֻΣùЦɡңװεϻӣںιùá
ЩӣҲкιùС԰סûӣǳл
ιùȴϻƻأӲл˵֮Ҳ÷֮°ˡ
ùùС԰£ʵˣֻһƬТĶѡңȰ˼䣬ɺιùִⲻգֻܵùίʵѹùýȥҪָԭְ
ûǣιùñְǹĽŮ٣С԰ʱһӶѡ
˭ϺιùȴҡͷպҸңӡ
һʽңһľȱ¶̫ףʣιùñشĪаţ֪ˡ

ιùһϯңһֱ뵽ĽŴûסؼҵѾ⣬ҪؼҵĶѾװף⣬ЩĵģԼǰ֮ɢС԰ˣֻµΣ֦ؼС
Ѿǰң˫ֻأ޼£ϸŶҡңȴ֦
֦ﱧܵң̴ǰͷ󺹴ŴӡæЩȥӤá
ЩǡңعڵĶǲ˽ܣҪȥĻҪȵ񴦱
ǸнǲҪľ£ЩܵǮ뼸ġѾ񴦱ˣ񴦵ķơ֦͵
֦Ӥãϵй/ԶһʱӼӤãʱµĶͨŮ̺ңŮͬĻ٣ֻңæ
£ңȻͬ⣬̴°ŵϹúã֦ǧл˿ң̴֣С̴Ҳ̤ϳ峵磬ѡͼݿԳˡ
ժ϶ң֣Ӥðɡ
̴ڵѾ˳ңԣ͵ȻƼݳλ
ңȻǳ
ңӦѾӱԦǣãˣ
˻һʻң̴ᣬûع
ƽӣͳ˳


57 
NNǰʻȥת۱복ңڳں̴˰Σһƣ޵˺ӣ
ӭķУɢ
Ͷ䣬ûͷֻ˵ʲô
ңûޣһŲȳᣬ̤ϣųսҪʻȴֱۣһ߬ס󣬽ǰһգֻ˹߳ĻЦ飬һѾڳϡ
մۣϵ˶ͷϾճ˰ֺէһЩΪ˳úãô綼á
ңȴʵʵŵðŸŭˣϿֱ
Цţգ֮һѧû
Ǽʻ֮ңȴûѧݳ
ûСֻ̽Ϊͣ£ȥ򣡡
ȴ޵գѱ޸ǿӲģֻүãݳ
ңƵƢֶµ֪
ңšɽüͷΪŭԽסһӱޣֻšžһ죬ܵٶȼӿ죬
ңֻûлɢˣĻ˼࣬˵ķɿס
ͶְֽЩɣյٶȺ⣬Բüݣ»ؽѵġ
ңͷϵĺѾһſ߳Ѿ£Բɿֻӡ
֪ݳ֮Щʲô𽡢ˮһ߶ݳһ߰ƪ˵˰죬ֵ׾򣬲Ԧս۳ɳңǲʹ졣˵أ
ңתͷھεĵλԸЩ־жԸһ˱ػš

ֻͨգ֪ӵصʹ죬ֻ̫ƽʢϲ֡Ȼңûػشţ
ûǿֻǵͷٵظͣҲԡ
ӽΪΪ£ңֻʵ
ѡϻذһѣ˵ѣཻͬҸ㵱Ҳûʲôļֺٰ
ˡ·Ѿһ룬ڻͷҲˣңƹˤȥ
ѽͷƣⴵ粻𣿡Ҫسᣬס㻹ǷҺûû˵ء
ңҲ˵Ļ첻˵
ţ죬ʱ䲻㳤ɣԣҲûУȥ
ңûޣ˸¨Ƶģһ仰ӣҲϲ˵ϰ죬ϸ뻹ˡ˵˵ȥЩԺֵĶȻǳ꣬²մרЩ֮£ݣҲֻЩŲλ߲¼ɡ£ǰЦʵ꣬ʵˡ
Ҳ˶װɡ
ţĺ٩һûһĽӻܿ͵ͷĵķգÿȥҲ죬ԣݳĸоͦ죬Ҳ
ڵ·խ޷ʻ룬ֻͣڷ⡣ңº̴̴ַڳΪͷǺٶ˳ɫɷ׵ص˰죬ȥȡȴס
ˣЩεεСӸػš̴գգһۣƵȡ
̴ң󣬴߿ңСӣү
˰죬ûġ

ͷе˺ЩԶѾ֦ҶïڳһƬض͸Ҷµ𣬺ͷˬ
մɽˣüʲôԶӤȥһƲ죬ʵ
մɽɽļ˽һµأЩʿûҵĸ续Ůˣֻܴظ˷ʱ侫Ͳˣص˵ĸΪǬֵòɿһ֮¾ޣҹֱĸ׷˼ãһ̯£˲ѰԶ̽Щ£ִͷطӲʹ죬ֲ÷ֻǿάű顣
Ҳ֪Ұֿ˭㶼˵
㰢ֿļҹ£ϲʲôʱȢ㲻֪ˡԶΪȻ
һȢ֣ɫٳƽͶԸάˣ֪ܵʲôˣһǸרԻ˵ĺӣ׼氢ָ
ЦˣмŮϣ뿴ǵŮˣǸʲôͷ۵ˡ
㰢ôҲǻԻˣȰſЩģôࡣԶԽ˵Խ񻰣üͷ
ǿ˵㲻Ůסۣ챧ֻ/ЬʲôõģֵԶҲ˳ˣңϳԹΰңּԪϦƿĺޣԶңġ
Զ͵פ㣬˵㰢ֳͷʲôҵ²ġ
ԽˡС賤ʱ޿̲ģԶСҲûΣɷ
ˮһӾۿתǼⷺ죬ҭҲΪ룿֪Ĵϣû֦չͷ˶ſĿ⣬һ˼㣿ͰͶظ˵ƿתͷ͸ˣȴԱڹ˭ЦӭΨǻʸȨ󣬿Сӡ浱ԼҲǹô˸ūͷҡ
ΪǷԼҰֺҲһˡ
˵ˣԶ˵ûȴƪ˵ңĲ̲סԳ
ᵱȴЦģֻ㲻ҵĻԼͷôԱˣô㣿úƣˣǶƽӣǳĲѧӵܣ˼ݣ
ԶػͷȻƼңӤó̴߳⣬Ÿ۴ˣǽһӢͶһ֪Ѱ˼ҵӵܡٿңһϮɫ͵ȹ֬δʩˬˬģ˵ЦʯףǹЦȻԼǰʱˡ
ԶԶȥǶ䣬ŶĿ
ƽӣԶظһš˵¼˵ǱȦڳӣз˵ˣݺʥ˵ķݣھèӲ
ˣңЦԶԣ
ᣬңѾѰͽӤã֦Ķ⣬ңЩǮһӤãǧл͵ſڲŵȥԣͷҲûɶӣͰ˺øˣңҲ֮áǳ䵱ְæ֮ǰһæңȲ衣ǸϵˣҪȥĲ¥ңɰֻǻǮ飬ҲȻӦˡ
˵ЦӤãң˵¥ĵģԶ
þò
һתͷԶվڻ


58 
ңձûӤã֦ĶԭҪؼ麣һˣΪľԶû뵽˼ƻȻˣӦòͷôԶƫƫ͸ײаƵģǽԶ
ԴԪϦҹңδԶҲûμ͹ԶϷأίǰϣҪΣûЩֺõСϷңͲúޣȥ˹ӲԶҲͽ˶Ժ
ӤϣһͬʱǰңңĴ˲£һԶϲԼ£ܲڣνġϲҲβֻⶼ͸ŲԾ޲ԽԶԽá
ռȻϣҲܣٲóЩ΢ЦȻߵǰ
˵ȥ˹пյӤԶ
壬֦Ҵ㶫ӤáңּһĮ˿ЦޣȫǰôȣҲ֪ǳʲôӡ
棬Ϊ˴ԼҰֵ飬ּᰢ֮Щ£޹ϸǸСٵŮڹ̺˵Ů٣αװãԲмֻܵй񣬵ƽӡ
ңֶֿˣ˿ζЦֻʾҲ˵̬ڿǵԶԭǶƽӣ
ôҵţԶ
֮Զ֪ţûվݹССӤãѵá
ǹĴŲԶƺάȴǺûֻһЦ
ҽֻǸңң䵱򣬲ֵʲô̯̯֣˵Ƶᡣ
ԶңеǣȭͷѾȻ߬𣬻ûڣ㱻ңϡ
ңɵӣ˵ｻ棬ȻеϢ䲻֪Ϊ£ҲæǵѾף»Ҫȸˡиתקק䣬ʾϽ뿪
ۺӣңˡԶվԭأһδĿǰȥֱ𣺡Զ磬ӺͶ㣬סƽʲôˣҲԸί
ˣ죡Զȭ߬ùǽڷףŭһ䣬δ˼תͷӤá

ȵԶˣԶͨͨӰңɿָ̬ΣЦû뵽û뵽ССǸҡˡ
ԶղһҪ̻ı飬ˡ
һȫ粻ԶСˡ
ң֪磬ֻ˵ԶǳãԼҡͬһҺԶ涼ûΣƼˮ궼̸ϡ
ŶζӦ
ڿѡϡ䱦Ȼ࣬ҡЩҲ޿ɷ飬ԶƺǺѰɣ⵹ȤˣҪٴһţˮ᲻ᱻøȤЩ
ңЦһ̵ڴʲô⣿
ۣ㵹˽ˣ֪ڴ⣿
ЦһҪʹһ㶼Ѳ£ңһۣ첽ȥûס
ߴˡûأ㻹Ƿһ裬ߣ
ңԼӦϲ¥緹ʱ䣬˷ٻؼңͬȥһ¥˶¥ؽλãҪ˺òˣˡǿˣȫ¥Ĳ˺ݺݵ˰ӣңźɰ۵ı飬Цǰϡ
ʹˣңˡ
ᣬԶ´ӤóѾ˻ǸȥٲˡԶ鷳꣬һĿţ·ʱ̧ͷһۣѩ״֮ң
˵£Ȳˣ֣
ԶЦȥ
ŲŶЦ̣ȴʻȫȻƶʱĮԶ·֮һ¸ҺĳǽԽ֪Ϊֻһ飬˽ҲԸƶˣ˵Щԣһϡ
ſãԶȥ

̫ңʾ벻ԼҴǰǧлŴ̴һŶСܽҡ
ûؼң˼ҾèڹǰСգв̤벽ǰң鳩ǳϻһְ֦ιĸףϸһҵСĸΡһҵСڡֻûš
ĸŮ˵˺һ强ңŻԼݣһݾͽ麣ʻֻ֮¡ڵʱУȻһأ麣Ըģû棬ңġ
ĺʱ֣γۻһݵĽ£ԽӢҲƺ˼֣ӪˡĵڲŻһĿͥԺ˷ֳ÷ɢ
ңӣԽᶨԼǰ뷨
ʱֻ죬뾡취ңӣһˮϣγ۸һţĵϸļӣֻǰн鷿ϸϸѯڹһӦճ֪ģĩֻܹǳɴˡ
һۣһпΪ˸ì顣
ת۹ȥ

һ磬γ۾ڵֵǰңȥң븮ֱС԰һ֮ĸɾ㣬ĶιС԰뷨ǰΪѩ¼չʮӶСҲҪ֡
ʱ磬С԰ȴѴЦŮèˡңһ̴һŽС԰ӭϺιùá
ӻøպáιùóЦף¥ĺƹ£ҸϻӶ
ңнӹľϻߵлִ򿪣ľϻ˵󣬿ȴܳͷű˲ƳγεСԪأ¥Ǳߵķֺ죬ĿС
ϲȥһСʣֽһʣȥɰֳʵˡ
ιùֵӽݰѶºһ˰ɣټ
ңľϻæ̴ֻԼ򲻸ҵ飬Ҳˣֻǵټ¾͹ȥɣ֪ںδټ
¸󡣡
ңȴһ㶡
߶ĵطѾ߹һ飬ΨǺ¸ȴٲ֮ǳټĻ³£Ӵ븮ΰݵĳ֮ء
״ƣ¿꣬ʱҲ£֪Ҳ
¶֣Ұı

䴦Ļ³һ㶼ڳ˼ѵʱ̣ݶЪͬʥϳ಻⡣
ڳضĿȴ࣬Ϣʥͺ󣬶Դʱָơ
֮£ʱУŻ£ֻ£ɢ˰ɡ
ʱңѾźιùں¸Ⱥ˴ʱվȽȴиԶԶ¸볨Ęд/ŮŮľηֻʥٳҲ˰ɡ
˳¸󣬺ιùòŴң¸ȥңеţûⳡ棬־ԼմΪʧǣ֪Ҫ͸ϴ²ǡιùƳľнЦŰο˾䣺ţûµġ
ңЦЦ֮ǰǿС
¸ʵСطõݳ޻Ƴصɫ͸𴦲ͬׯ֣˵費࣬ȴɳơ棬һϮػƽշĵĴȻͬ
ңƷԼƣֱӣߵڱ㴹ͷĿ˫ֺϱ£ҾٲŮӵ
һʱûڣң񲻶ס
ΣǳȴϵǰЩ㽫Сʮչ˵úܺãʺʮͣ빬ʮ£빬ƷŮ٣Ը⣿
ң󾪡


59 
ʻ ¸ѻȸǿѹڸڡңԾɱҾƣ Щᣬ ֮󷽿ڡ
¸ֻ
£ﲻԸ⡣ңܾʮָɴ࣬ҪͲôǧˡ
Ŷ˹˳Ů٣ ĶĻҹУ Щܵʥ˳谮 ɻڴָտɴ ǿϰٱҼҲǸҰεˣԸ˵δľܾŭ ʵȻƽ޲
ңֱӣĴ﷭ǱƨǾ ֤Լ̰ĽȨƵˡĸܴ򶯳ûд𰸡վŲˣû˿Ըʾ
ĿԴһ˿ζ ƺЩڴĻش ңĪѣǰȥԵ¾ͿˡԼ ǿΪ㲻Ϊˡ
ܵؾã 䲻ϣʵĳƪۡ
ǣ ˵עĿ£ ̹Ȼ£Ϊ
ʲôΪԼˡ
ô⺬¸ֻʰҳϵĴȻ֮ʿȴûһ˵Լˡ
浡˵Ҳһ̫Цˡ
ңظһ£ԺթΪӵʮҪ׾һССŮʲôȱ¼ΪŮҲƣҪΪŷֵһ谮ĶڵߣԲ˳нҵĻᣬΪǰ;һ֮£֮ݣ˽ܷ֮һչѧһèҲԸ⡣
˵Ҿ֣䣺ԣ²Ҫ빬С
аƺʱ䣬λ֮˺ȻȴȻһЦЦˣָңû˸ڱǰ˵Լģͷһ˵ŽЦֵ˭˲أҲ£ֹ²
̬ϲ˵һִϲ֮⣬֣ȴǱࡣ
´ʢϲԱӣصꡣҵ̰ο
ȴӻ֣Ƕ࣬ûοҡ£ɰˣ
ص£ѾҪ˵ĳ¹ˣӷġЦ
ңһ㶣̧ͷͼԼֵСѾͷˣӱҪˣҲõԼûǸ͡
ǻʺ䡣
ң˼æ嵽ߣԭ¸ղŵ඼Ҫˡ
ϲ⸱εСŮģЦѾͷ𱾹˼Թǰ;Ǻã
ңȥ߱ߵҵǰ;Ǹŵ£ҵ˭Ҷߡ
ãƨˡ
ֲֶ֧һ磬˶ˣҳȥ߰ɡһ߰ң̤ţߵ¸󸽽Ļ԰У߱ߵ㵽Ҳжʱգɻϰߣ
ϰߣܺãˮңɢǲ˵ˣùӦûҪûͬԼ˵
Ҳࣿͷ
¹ˣէҲֻΪңǫ
㲻عǫС԰ܵúܺá±һ׮ҪҪ㣬òáͣתͷ
ңæɿָֻܷԸصϹᡣ
֮䣬ЩҪУ֪ǺΣȴȻἰ硣
֪˾ֻἰҪΪмˣ¾дߣں£ûңֿʼֱ£ĪǺйأ
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ֻǻظõ֮²Υ֮⣬ұͬ⡣ʱ̣ңصñġ
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ⷬңʼδǳȻ̧ͷⳤ֮⡣
С԰¥֮ѾֹǴֻèʮֻèĲˡ
ƺԴ׼Թ
ֵ¥֮£Ժú˵ҪģʵΪһ׮¡齨һ֧־¥Ϊݣ֧־ǱϽ֮мˣ±ݽ㸺𡣡
ңú󱳳ιùøʾǧ㣬ȴû佻ģ¡
Դ˺޾飬ܹС԰ɣٴܹܹҲǿպͣ齨ӣңʼΡ
㲻˵ǣľƹܣպ֮ΪҹŮ٣£Ḻ̵㣬齨־֮£Эɡ
硣
ңȻԼһ޴Ŀӣƫƫǿӻ˷ǳҲǣҲǡ
¹żͷëɫʴи佻׵˶ŪģһߵСѾͷôһ֣Ͳڣ
ûУֻǾҪľҪ񣬵£ҡ
ǲ򽻵ɣһͬ˵֮Щᣬ㲻ɲ֮ʲôԹڣȻˣʲô취汾á
ǡңӲͷƤӦˡ
Ҳض˵ִ֪Զһ˶УҪ£زȱʱѣʱȴĵĳˡȴѪԵһĹϵ´ƣܹǺϾñط֣־ñغϣҪģֻǴʱ˺ͰˣҲգҲգֻ˺еһ¼ţС
䵭ѭѭյʦ
ң֪ڵ㲦ԼϸƷ֮ⷬ⣬ǰһͷţǼг±Щéٿ֮жǵִҲʧΣ漴л½̵ؽ߾ȫõ½֮¡
֣ܽպߴͽ̣л
ޱ飬ֻˡ
һʱɢȥֻߡ
˺󷽵мֻ۸ɵףֶԾȫ޾飬ĸҪ½δ̫Ϸ
ΪԸ⣿ŻͷЦ΢֧־˵뱾ͬʵȫͶ϶ͬҵ֤һ͵ϵģôһҪ󣬱ܲӦʣ

ᣬңصС԰УûعĶʲô֮ºͷȲ裬һյû꣬԰дҴٽŲ
񴦵ĴٱС԰ӭңУңйͣæֻңۼΣģԹ٣ͷ⺬¸ˡ
ңȻ̧ͷ⾪ϲеࡣ
ڹУ֮λȨ߿ɲگְ֮  ¸ˣ칫ְ֮ƷĹٽס
ԼԼңַӿľԤС
һ꣬ĵڶ꣬ʮ


60 
ȫµŮٷ͵ңʱǡâ֣ ġ
ոµǳŻԲͷһ˫ѥ ң· ԲѾٵ֮ͦԽԵ˸ͦΣ׹ʯɰС ͷڣѥһȣ ٸͦصŵϼͭճɷС
Ȼ˿װ 𿿽װ 㽿С ҲѳĳΰңֻþԼȥ̩롣
̴ôÿ 񡭡
ʲôңž
̴˰죬ۼСĸ
ң̴Ĺ³
ԳͰֹ֮ʮգңٵϢС԰߶˺ȻͶǰûˣ ϸǰύ Ͼ̶ʱ¸˵λã ƷĹٽ׵Σ ҪǸλ볤ĸڳһ֮ң
ȻҲ˽￴˳̵ูģǸɫСˣūλڳǰרǸķ֮ܳá
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Ǽҳֽչͷּ֮⣬Ѿıʼ 󲻹д Ǹ°룬Щһ㣬 ɴ໭ԱߣԱϡ
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ң糤ƪ˵һͨͷǾ䡰ּҳϱ̲סһۣһιά׾ӵƨңȷ˵Ļ
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ٳٰмҲҪһĽޣԽͻǵڶ衣
ңͷ磬û֣ĻԽԽˡ
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64 
ң緹ԵƲ֣ Ѿ˰ߵĲˣ Ҳûô ׵ĿӰ͡
˵緹ĵԵΧҲûҪŹأ óԺúȵĹţֹݵСӿ˵Ϊˣ ңûθڡһĿΣѹˣʮҳֽĹΣ ûյ޾Ͱˣ һĲֵ
꣬ Ҳտ꣬̾СǱԼѵѹˣͷɥֻܵСĸ֪Ѿˣ ǻʮǰѧ Ҫƪ۵Ľ㣬һȥ Щ˾Ѿսսʼ˼Լ˵ʲô дʲô ʲô Ҫֵ ǱضǷ˼صĴ
ʦͽ⻰ûҲͽʲôˣǶСڣܡǵϲСִš
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ңӼûһ˵ô໰ϵĲ趼塢أһϵĻƽʱ䶼ݹˡ
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ңԶԣʮ־Ҳͷı£뷿磬еȫȻͬ
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ңլˣ̣󾽣κ粻ֻֽ֣Ÿ߸߾һҳҳõζһҳͷλμ֣ɺޣ

ң塪ʱͿѻ޲ðùѪͷ
һȻЦ֮ɨ
ԼͲЦ
ңȴˣ㻹Ц㻹
ڽȥֽţֿ콫ֽһأңδȣǰ㵹һؿڡͻͶͱ飬ײֱ䣬ϸ֫ڻ
ң޴ָֻ֣ǰأõľ룬֣߳ŶȻͳ
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65 
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æ ˹֮ûֹ ңֻԼĦǵǿ̬ Ŀ࿴ ˼ ں׮ϣ 㾡ȫһȻԭ һҲΪ⺫ʵͬ顣
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ֻͭ޶üҡ׹ľɫˣ˺ѱһ֦÷ȡ۽ǡǶŵ÷ɫ䣬ȴһ÷ȾɫԵ˱Ȼƻ񻭾ϵˣֱȻ˸Ȼ
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ң Ѿȼƣɴ͸ůƵⲢۣһϸ죬ҹĿӿ룬Ȼȣ͸һϢɢϸű 봲Զĵط֪˭˷ ǹϢʹӱ͸
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67 侲
ңЦ󲿷ʱ䶼޺ϲ Ѿٻ¶ǻᴦ䱸ľɫˣ ԵԶ ǾͲͬˡ
¸ˣ ƷĹٽף ԶĹְ࣬ ֻΪŮ٣Ů𱰵ĹӰ죬 ֻûʵȨ ԷΪĹŮ ңȻôΪ
û˿Ц⣬ʱոų磬Ȼĥǰͬķâ շ硣
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˵ĻңԶҩɾȡ
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밢ʶ꣬ΪȻŵùˣ׷Ѵ̡Զǰңļӣȫ˵йĥƤӡ
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ңֻƫͷãźЦһʱȫ˵˵־ԶˣֻʣԶվԭء
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ԶңֱԳ̸ңֻιʷҪӣΪɣ
̽ΪôȷЩףҲˣԺΪ˽¡
һֵΪ㻳㰢ֻ֮ˣħ𣿡
ίֻ֪ǵĹһ˹ƻʲôԣ
ңԶԽԽ
ҡЩ£ʾ磬Բ´Ρ
û´ΡԶȻ֣ͣտҲĽֵ
ңѾʧӾӰ
İǵǸҵСӣֻǳڶȨƸŮеһԱΪȨͷ罥ϨҲ侲ˡ

ңѺͻֹʱɫѳ˸һ죬ڼͨøջǣҪǹµ¥ľƣȥϳȦңʱ䱻ѹ͸ջ󣬱粻֮˵ģźա
Ժ˵ǳʶң˵˷ʱˡ
صֹݣң˫ͬǦڹϴţڶһ裬һ̵
ʮˣҪʮСӽ̵Ҳ֣ͦʶûС￴
ԺּˣĸףЩң
಻⣺ӽնͱˣҲ֪Ϊʣ֣չ档
ң֪죬ܲ˵Ϊáֳ뿴ֳŮΪУֻƵͷϵԵҲ֪Щ綣ģűǣɻ硣պҪϵ̸ڣթвˣ˼󶯣ɼסˣ
ͷһյ赽ֱ£ֻּ˰ˡǰˡãǶǺҶˣ溫һѪȴΪΡ
굽ΪҪ磿˵ңЩ棬С
ֻ֪ˡĸҲҲǳĹ㡣ǹѣ˽ƣɻ֮ʱһ֮ǡ裬Ϊ˾°ˡʱǡҲУʱ࣬Ϊ˰Ȱˡ˽֮Ȼ·ҪȫġӤ氢ˡðˡԼ׼õĲңԭƵ˫ӣһȴƾزۣ˾ͽˡּҵ֮ӴΪּҵճ
˵£пңԼˣң֪ԺҲİû
˿Ժңȷ御ңﷸֹ
ԭˣѹܵԻֻöص飬ðȫķղ磿ɼȻôص壬֮Դ磿
ǰʵǰˡҵңǸ֪ҵĵճּҵճӣּҰصúܺãָݡ֮ټӶʮ̵֮飬ּҶԺң԰ˡԶɽұΪˡּҹúܺãĸǿշǿ࣬ƺˣ
Ŀ¶Իңͬе⡣
Ψһܽɻ˲ңҲֻܶ֡
ҹȥңлһİҪٲҵʱ䣬ֻúȥϢԼھع㰾ҹ
㣬ֹʮա
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68 ꣨ޣ
ľԽԵˣ 볤ץһˣü˹ţֵ÷ĻŻţ ֮תֻǰҹĽ䱸ɭϡ
ץһ࣬ Ҫİ͸ˣ Щϸ֦ĩڵĶԽæµңѼµѮ ͳҲֻһ棬 ҲǴҴҶҴҶȥ
¹ӯǣ˳⽥ Զʤƽʱ Ȩ£ и¼磬ؼԲʱڡ
Ȼ˵䣬ǰգ ٺ븮 빬֮ʱڶ¥ټ
һμ Щšңױ׵ٸ ǰ˵ĺ ο
µಢδ׷ѣ иá
ģºУǶƯӣһͬȥң֣¥ȥˡ

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ЩǹˣרΪ羫ı˼֧裬һĿ빬е輧Ͼȡʥ˵ˣáιùκͬ߱ߵ
ⶼǹĹˡЩ˳˹ʱ⣬кܴһֶ͸Ȩ󣬶ÿ깬м磬ҲЩյ渰Ȼʥ˿УҲ԰ֽ壬ЩҡһΪмһ겻ΣԪϦֻŻ빬ıЩɫ˫ȫٮٮߡ
Ͼѵãһ굽ͷеζͷЩ˼޲î㾢ͷᡣ
ҡ
ңܳ裬˵ȣܸҲֻһѣܲó⻹ҪԼˡ
ң뺫վȺԶƫƧѾյٴ񣬱˱ŵȺ裬ԵƵվţԱ߹ˡˣһңʶǰЩ±´ȥݵĽϰգҲ֪ʲôֶξֻص߸ŵǸ輧Ͳʮ꣬ȴݹˣò֮ѹڳŮˡ
ߵһȺ輧ﺮѼ䣬մ輧ױݶ⼸Щ룬Ȼ⼸˵衣˼䣬תͷ輧ңȥ
˵ˣϲϲңݲͬҲǰ߰׺ţһ˫ֻ´Լ͸Ųơ
лӣ˵ӻˣҲϲ㡣ңͬϲ
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ʦȥɣʲôÿġ輧䣬ﴽ
ȷ԰ʱòζѹһŮˣֻܻҲΪĹϵҪƾͽܳͷ
ңû˵̽ϣǷСͽףðĪ֡ȸˡ˵վʹ輧ˡ
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ס°ֻ̧ͣãվ㣬汾硣
ңһ仰Ѫû׷ѣǱߺСͽѱɫͶԷߺĿ⣬ȴֻδ
ңױ㻯İɣѾ֡
ң¥һЦ£衣
ɶźţԶһˣϸ֮ȴֲͬ׮úܺãգͰױݡ
лޣزң
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뺫죬ȻɣķӦ˵ңĳɹ
óԾǱһҲʥ𾪣ңɡ

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ң֣ƸҲưοһգתͷңֻŵźıӰֱӰǰιŶȻʼٸߡ
ʲôأһĸ׵飬졣
ҲӵܣҪ泤빬磬մŶƽӹɫ˹㲻ƽյॵģѵˡ
ңֵֻôţø磬빬շΣ
棿ң
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ø磬պָˡңɲƤˣѣǷŵÿӵġ
˵˵
һø硱е궼ˣͷӦºŷӦ˵ǡԺ󡱣ɲֻǽ죬־ԼĵָıǼС꣬ռұˣ
ȥ¸õȼˡңЦ˺벽ڡ
һۣ˦ŸУϵЦϤվֻʣĳĿ⣬ԶԶһŮˡ

ˡˮԽԽȤˡ


69 ң
빬 ңҲõ٣պܻؼҹԲڡ
ָԴֹݺ أѽûعң ˷ܺļǰŸճ ңҲ׼ؼҵ
°òȻҲһѺöС԰Уټ︮ʹͱͶ࣬ ңþ͸ˣ ԵĴõȱλйͳ±ģɫʱʹ Ǽ䲻ӣ ⻹ûڹǰƣ ˮǴߣڸĽ񣬶ѵС԰԰
ңվɼһ붫ָС԰ˣ Ǯ֦ ֻҳںϯ棬ýС԰Ҳһ֣ ϲС԰л̴ֻ۵رԹ˵棬 Щӣ ҲԼЩ强ױ ɢͯ
İɣǮܹңԼĺɰֹݣ˵»û֣ϵ£⣬ͬƹһһʵˣ׬ÿǲ١
˵ң̴Դʰȥ̫࣬ȥ͵װһӣһңֻʹǮŵСٸţŵСһֱˡǵǮ˸רͻĳţֵң˼

ѽڣٹٽڣ಻⡣ңһţʱڰ緹һӵĲˣĺγ۶⴫ңһʱƻС԰ҴӰȷңˡ
һȻϲǳ§СŮĸۣĨԹܲңһӷЪҹ԰Բң̴ִȥźӵơ
ɣң˷ڷ߻ǿԵġСӣˮ֧ӱԵ֧̯ӵƣȥĶСӡңո֣ѵûؼҴЪٽԼԴǸұƵ̫
Լ̴յӵƣ˶ںӱߣñմʪںдԸٵУ״ĲʵƱ˳ˮƯλƯȥ
㣬ңˬںӱ̴̸
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ɣ͵Ҳ˼ˡңһۣûôʵʣյӵƣһƽ˳޲ԸԼǰ;ңڡԸ̰ģԵյӵ
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ЦˣġҪڹ鹦Σ¸첻ֹڿ仰ˡ
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汾ɾĻʵ٣ԼǣЩӵƣ沨ÿһյ뽭Ӻ;˱ȥ˵ãķˡ˫ֻؿϣխСĺӵ
ϵĵƹ⵹ӳǵ㡣
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ȥʱ޲ͲԽԶԽãһӱйϸңʱԣʮײңЩЦչԼݹ԰Σȥйصˡ
ӲùʱǼҩֹƽʹҲƽ͡
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ѽڣúԼļԲΨһļˡ
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ΣңֻĻƷһϢ
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70 ƣޣ
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գ ʥ˾ҹҹס޵ķ糯óз飬 ʺ룬 ʥ뿪
˵Ĵң ңȴǲͬİ汾ˡ
ҪСүҵʱһѣɲܼʥˡ
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ȸ֪֮־ңۡ
⻰һʱըëۡߣȸȥʶʶʲô˼ϲ֡ϲɷ˵ԻϣҪȻȥκҶúˣмƯڻϴ/񲻿գ
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˵·ɣž˼主󻨣ȫȻ෴ˡ
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µһ꣬æµе
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뵱ڹ֮£ƣֻǾʱ˵˲ֹꡣ
еĶթң޹أֻΪǺйעѣȻȴҲ֮ţӰ쵽ң
һȥϻʺһۣǳ׸ʥ˵ˣⲻ˴ⳤ˼
ʺ󲢻ʺϼ䱾ìܣҼŮ˲ΪɣҪϳȨҲ̫̲Ȩ֮⣬һìܼҡ
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£ů֮ʣʥͻ̫Ҷѹ߷ìܵ㡣
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71 ޣ
֮ ҪôڳĬΣҪôھҵĶбټ漰֮Ȼң Ļζţ ⳡֵĿѾ΢΢
һңԺҲû̫ע ˵⵹̫/֮𾪳ҰңʱԳºģҲûзֶעں棬 ҲǳаݹʲôĽɫΣ϶ⱲӲͬˡ
켣Ҳ޷͸
һʱ֮䣬 ң㱣Ⱳӱ޴ ׯεĲʵҲ֪һ棬 һǼ١ҲȥǱǳجΣ ֻǲʵĻþ
̫ˡңİ϶ڣ ȴճ˵Ļ
𣿡վ󣬷ʵ
ѾһһεĻ棬ڿεĻʮֱ ңٺ̸۹Ķ ˶ͬĬץʱѧ
һ ̫ӱᣬ ʺްţ ӦԪʮ£ Ԫʮ꣬ô죿ңǵⳡ֮ǣ˳еꡣ
ңңʮ˰ɣ뵱Ϊޣֻʣһ⾰ˡǵ
ʮΪޣ׵꣬Ŷֲұ˳
йϵңͷʵ
ǽھƽŵĹϵ͸ɱлζԼŵ꽣ꪵĹǳϢ
ֻЦЦûش
ܲϱʮʱȢΪޣںģֻʣһˡ
ʱһ㶼ԣѾ̫̫
ʱҪЩĴСϢ㶼ҪĿҶöţҪʱ飬Ҳңƾ˷Եǲֲһ֧ԹʹȡֻƴСͭϣɫ
ССֳͭңʰֻͭͬǦʯϣûƾܣ֪ͭˡ
룬ֵҲСġ
ֻǹܸݶѣǰٴҲ˲ϣöͭԷһˣܷգҪϰٱ
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ңЩ֣ǵϱʥ˲ûò֪ںһ𡣻ʵ۲ٳ̫ӶȨʱ䣬ɣһɵ̫ӣһһɣֳʤΪ׵ɣֻڵʥˡ
ҵĳֺͷϱϢÿնкһ̣ңԹĿҡ
µףֳ¡
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ңյϢʱѱҴͥ
ʺ˾ٿνһ˫񣬼ܳȥֺݺݸ˳һϾǳ빬£Ѵ̡
һʱԷңټ̫ٳ䴦·硣
ν㡣
ңţͷһ۽лתͷһȻƼʮһδС޶߲٣ǲ֣Ƿ۵֪˼ɫģңæվ𣬻ûüС޶Ѿչ۱ס
СûĵĶҰģֻֳңԹֶһٺҡ
С԰̫֣ң԰ƫƧͤ徲Ϣ
ﲻ̫ƽ˱ؽҴͥС£ұ˰취ֻ㣬Ҫ鷳չˡ͵
չǴ⣬ֻʱֶ̫æҪֿܾˮӿԼܾĻ˵ֻʵ֪𣿡
ѾȴСˣͬŴġңλãָԼ˱ˮغ
ν㣬Ҹ˵ĻЩң£ְѸĹ˻ǰ
ңżϸľϻľϻϻСͭԿ׹ϣأҲ֪װ˺δңС£ʲô
һĻ˽һģҪһ͸ν㡣һ߿ľϻһߵ
ģ
ңüѾľϻͷһֽ̻ݹӹʯԵͷȥ
ȻĻĺӣʴʮ۴ֲڣĶֻͿѻһûȴң̵һʱ䣬˵ãϤ˼ά뻭Ҫѡ
ʮĶˣʲݡ
˵һǣҰѹ»㿴²ع
λݻֻʱʮӣңĹϵҲ˵ϻų⺫˸黹Ǣ
棬ӦǶڹһŷݵģнģܶˣˣȻʥˡ裬ʥ˳һҲʮӵӵȴǰùࡣ
һеĸı䶼мѭңûò٣Ҳˣϸһ˿Ц⣬ֻڿʱЦ̡
Ծ
֣ͬѷֳһ˺ڵأһԱߣз֮ͬڣҩ֮Ŵвͬϸֱ治վŵ˷Ҳ̫һǰһҪԵ֮ˣһȴ΢̧ͷҪ
ңϸϸۣƷЩ˼･˫ֱȻ亹
빬֮లӦϢʥ˵ò簲ŵ˾޷ٽӽϢҲ
⻭Ǻ֣֮ǴݵϢ
µûҪ䣬޷ȷϾֻһ꺢ӵĻƾ˲Ϊ֤óȻ£Ҳǳ
ңھҪϸȴּڶ棬ֻʱ¡ˮȻ̧ͷ۾Աңһ˫ĵķ׽͸İȻݼţңûͷһϸʱѾ̧ͷƤЦ顣
ãԼҪȼ硣


72 ҹּ̽
ңһСᣬ ͽڸ½޵ģ͵ﳤأζһƳ ·ңĴ㡣
һߣ ң̴֧ӣ ߵѯǻ˼ȥҲû˵ף ֻңǺģǸʣ̺ǺңΪվ˶ͬ ŴҲвͬʱˡ
ĺӣ ңָʲôд˼Ҳδ׼ ңһһðͷҲ֪Լʲôʱʼ±뵽磬  õϿɣŻĵطʩչ
һȻͬʵ˽磬Ǳӣ  ֻǸĽʵѵңɼˡЩһʼעڣΪޣ Сغദ ѧȥһӣ ȴûĳһԼܹվͬĸ߶Яִңɼ⡣
Ĵڣ ·һ鶨ʯ²˵Ҳ򶨡
ϱûӵйİȫС
˼ǰңιùã粻ߣ޷˵ͼȥ
ӣ½һͽˡм£ιùûص
̫ɣʥ˲תأҴͥ˹Ѿڹˡ
Ǿˣͷùáңֻա
ִƬ̣ңѰƫƧطҲֱԺ£ֻʮӵ壬Ҫ磬һ
뿪ңֻ
һ磬ңѰܿ˻ǹ磬һֶãȻ˰ɫ΢ңҲֻȵѶ
ָнҪãʵˣֻܸʮ¡
ңȦվǰɫÿ죬תְһȦŽգʱҲȥˡ˾ϣɿת̴֦˴Ϊչʮӣֺ˵˵һ̴֦ͬ˵飬ԼѸٻϷµĺѰ˼񣬽ͷȫʵסԼȥָ硣

һǰһƥϷɱڷµǰһּ̽ڵĲ
٣լԺϵƣҹɫʣңָǴ
ӣǰͷţԵƬ̣ȥͨǣ˩ã
ţҡңʵԺǽ̿ˮɽȥɡ
ּҵߣʲôŽţֻҪţضܲ˶Ŀ뱻˷Լּҡ
ǳԥ⡭Ϲء
ңȴĳνȥʮͣǽµɡָĹ԰ûʲô
ĵطպָȽϱĹ԰ܽʡˡ
ϣȣμָ
ţѽҪǲ㣬ԼǽҲУҴšңתͷûԥС
ҧҧˣӽԼӰΣΪȣֹǽҲıְɣ
ӣˡ߬ң󣬰Ծǽͷ
һתңڵվǼᵽϢңԶļ˼ĿסլԺ
֮ʱⱲӾּ̤Ұ벽վϡ
ӣߡѾǰ߱·
ңȴ·鷿н·ɳ
û˱ּҵ·ˡ

ҹɫֳָѾϵƣ֮ʱʱŮ߶ЩŮ˾԰ʱⲻ̤롣
԰ƣֻмյ·ʯƣճ۵ʯ·԰Ӱپ֦ᾣҹɫƾܣǸӭп͵õĵط԰鷿鷿ֻһң⡰ָ㡱
鷿ƻͨ鰸֮󣬳¡
ӣϢǰ˵լҾ£ʼʱŵ£ǶѾ¡¿½ģҲ֪Ƿ֮йء
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ֳʤͻȻ鸮ŭɱ֮ὣ˺լֱȥ޶˹Ҳ̸֪ʲôֳʤ֮ʱŭɱʤЦŽ鷿δ˭Ҳû֡
μڵ鵱꺫֮£ռ֤Щ´òټϺĳ֣ɣֳʤҲԵ֮ģ˵飬Ҳ֪鵽١
Դ˵̫ģ綼Ҫֳʤ֪£ֵֻ¶Ī˻Ĵ²źãټ粻òڼо̬仯
ңѵԼһΣҲֻʹơ
֪ˣǱ߼˶šͷҪԸ⴫
һۣת鷿԰ĿͥвӰιȭŵܴƺ¾ŵˡҴ߳鷿¹ҵĵһգճһڶˡ

ָûʲô仯·ӣңǵγ·ȥ鷿ȴȣ԰濴ƽûУʵȴ˲ˡЩ˶ԼˣԷ˿̽֪ңóȻ̤룬ңֹŹ֣˴˷
ˣˣԸ˵ĹעԴ򶷵ĶҲԵúܳƣֻѹɤŵңԼˣ
鷿ѾȻſ/֣пңֻ̤Ҫżʾңۼ⣬ϱ֮£ֶԹһۿЩˣһ뿪ķΧȭϮۼȭɨͷ
һӰѸ缲ֵ
ס֣ŭͣ¶
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ŷģָΪȣôˣٿŵŮΣѲµֻ޷ּ̤ңֱⶵñ£ƼⲢǴ
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С³£֮£ʵ
ңҡҡͷƿ֣鷿ȥ߱ߵӽȵ£Ҫ˵
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ϣ֮£ֻʣˡңŴȡݸûа̵飬һϸһ߽֮ϸϸ˵
򵥽ǰֵ֪Ƿ̫ģܾ⻭͸¶ݲԣֽˣҲȥ飬û뵽
罫лһңһֻؿüͷɫǰֳ֣ңĻŵûģ䡱
˵߽һŵ£ָŻԵ˿ڣǲʥˡָһԷҩ֮ˣβǻʺ󡣻ʺˡ
ң˳ָȥָ֮ǡ˷Σϸֱ治ǺβΣңȻоŸ
⻭еطʲݣΨβɲ顣
βǻʺΡζŶҩʥ˵ģǻʺ
ңּȡǷ翪ڣϵǺȻʲݱ治˵ױݷǰһ£ͷ޷ֻ֡СǰĶʥֵĳϵˣ϶Ҳֻǻʺҩȴҩν⣿
ֱûҩԷǺҩҲĶֻʥ˲ಡйأֻ˵ͨ۽֮ͻֱҴͥԭ򣬵ң²⻭˼
Ҳ޷͸ֻܲ²⣺Ϊʥҩ˼Ƭֵ̣ڲʲôʺҩıʥü֮ôãڴʱ̫Ӵλɹôһйһ˵鷳ֻӼ֣˼ˣȻңңպûȥס
ңû׮лع⻰ͷһ㸸ף
ֻǧţڳвʵȨҵֻܲڰмù⣬Ҳ޷Ҫ빬븸׳棬еȵ۴µڽʥΣ֮ʱ빬ݡҸ׿²˵֮ǳˣ˵罫ۺУ̧ͷñϣЩ̻󣬲ָգֵңң£ʵ˵СҸһֻڵʥˣֻҪȷʥ˵ȷΣ֮УԻ֡
ңͷǣ̤鷿š

ֳʤ鷿ȻĲͬ鷿һƬտ䳡ܡʯͭ׵ȥԺĴţмǸʯΧƵأԱ˻ľһС·ͨ
ңߵģС·еһһ·ҴҸȥֳʤߵʱȻңһԵʯ
ȵȣˡѹ
ңǰأʯڣͬʱӵʯ̽Դȥȴ봹ӵ·һˡ
ĸף

˻һۣԼͬ
Ͼ꣬ңһҲ֪޸鲻֮¡
ָô꣬ṳֳ̂ʤ鷿벽ա
һ˿ȴװһϮɫۣ纣֬۱ȥֳʤ鷿ȶȥ
Ӱʧ鷿ڣңԵʯ߳ʵȥˣأȻ᣿
ûشֻţҲ֪뵽ʲôüĿһһˡ


73 
ºڷߣ ǺӳǱʺϡ͵͵ɻ¡
ңƽһ׸硣棬 ᶯ ңſݶϣ ԵѾƿߣ鷿Ĺ͸ ·ֳʤݶĸ߶ȣ һ飬Ҹʲôץץ֣ɳƬûн֮ձۣƺߺܿҲſϣ ࣬ һ ס ֹʧ䡣
ʱ̣ ңѾŮ֮๷ƨ ֻűˤͳɡͷȥպÿӰ
ðɣң֪緢ʲô裬ҹԼݶ̽ףСûϸĽԾ̽뷿˽Ǽ䲻µ£Ȼ ҲһȤûС
λĵ󽫾 ң˽Ⲣһֳʤ̩ʱ䶼סھӪ ٻָ ֻڷڲŻῴȻڼʱ٣ϱ㲻ûѶŶʱϿҪϣʱԶԣڸҲ˵ʱϼȮŮ˵ָΨһּҶϱĳеףȻȴȣԶŮȴݷǳ
ֻϧֽȥ̫磬޸һ͹ˡ
ˣңȻ⡱һ죬˵ľֳʤʱߣ֮֡
˵ˡ糯
˿߷ңЩꡣʲôûЩֵãǶݺݵصȴ߬ȭ
缫¶ʱ̣¸ղۻʺɱʥ֮£Ȼȴ򶨣ȴЩ˷ִ硣
ң죬ٶ鷿
Ѿߵֳʤ鰸ԣֳʤȦΣĿǰδְɫΪλú͹ߵĹϵңֳʤ飬ֻЩͬѰĮɱֳʤ˽⣬޸鲻ֳʤҲأദ̬ͣӡ
ٱʳб鰸ϣشӺȡһѲƷСɵİֲ鰸ϡůƵҲԵᣬǧĵĴˣǲƵױݣЩй¶䣬ȴĶˡ
ˮֳʤܳҹȴͬ޶ԡ
û̽ƷϣߵֳʤȦԱߣʤָĿڣ
ֳʤǣ̧֣Ƹδգ֪ҰġȻҵôĽӢۣΣ֮С
ǵ꣬Դһ⣬ϷӢ۾ڣףҲɴġ
ǲԷĽڣУЩ֮޹أҲ㷭ˡֳʤڣ䣬δаɶ
޹أգָ⻮̫ѨϣҲƵͷǰδеʾȢңҲýȢӣпйңһӪѹ飬ʣһլԺһʳѰʱһ̥СʱƫĴʱѲûʱģӪΪ㲻ңǹҵˣңģǱߡ
ֳʤ֣ܿʩֶαȢʱӦ֪㣿ҩǸӣֽǸݺ̥£ձƵʤֵģָҪΣ֮ʱұ˰ҹ鸮ӰѲҽȴ˴ӽеġΪҲ֪Ѳ޷֮£Ҳֻġ
Щ˼ʮ꣬һἰѿƣֳʤķ׮׮
ҼȳɷޣȻʼǸ󣬵Ϊ˼ȻȢ㣬óеΡΪŮٳֺլҸ㾴㡣ΪЩֶΣ֪ͨͨΪӣԴȫ뷴档ֳʤһ鰸
ʲô֪ÿμ㣬Ϊ³£㽫֣֮Һڴˣ
޶ʮأ׮£ȴҺΣʣЩֳʤԲ㣿Щ꣬ûɹһ檣̻ңȨŮһŽ㴦ãûʹ䡣㻹ҪΣ̫̰ˣռºôҿ㾴ΪޣҲˡ
˽ֶıģעֻһ޹ϵܸˣģΪιϵı䡣
ǣҵȷ£ʩƲɢֳʤ¡ΣȢ𣬱˼ܶģ̹֮䣬ްֹңұףûԽ֡أܷģôû³֣ûкһңûǬʹɱ֣𣿡ֳʤתŭͬ˵㰮ңеĲĸ֮ȴΪ˶һĲù ҪĶĻǶҪõòҪȥ
½ɢǣǴĻǣĻ˶ʮ꣬ٳլ̶Ů޺֮ǣ룬ҵһתۣŮˣȴֶû䵽󲻵ģŮ˫ȫǿ԰ɡҲ㿴ųģġ
ֳʤƪ۵ִңΣȻ֣һѹתͷʱδġ
㸸֪ǷּӵˣңյСʵ
šһӦȷ֪࣬Ӧȷּӵݡ
Ϊҿ󣬽ӣҲšֳʤȻͷȭشѹͩ㵱Ǻôĵӣּ°ע£ҹͬҳЩԹ·ּ֪һܶǣҪҲ鵽㻹׼ʱ
üͷ΢šۿ죺ʤҴĸǹѣʮĽ飬ͦŶӹҸǰధʱҲҵĵڶӣһʱĺӣºߣ֪ǺԵؾزۣҿ񿴵ǸԵĺӡʵڡ
ˣң硪ͷĸ֮£ЩãȻ
һǶʮ꣬ҽԴӣѵףȥٸٸﳼ֮ӵݣ
ӣֳʤ޷Ѱף˿ظ֮Ⱦ˪ֳɫֳǴӣͩˡӣ߰ߣ߬УһһƣȴĻ᣿Ϊĸ׽ƣ㽫֮ȷ˼ӵԭ򣬵˵㽫ӣ˵㽫һּȨƵӡ
ʮޣֳʤΪ̫˽ˡ
ΪЩڣҲּܽҵ֮λѪĿ֮ˡ
Ҫǿ֮ˣֳʤľʻٳٵòֳʤģߺ𣬲֮Ǹز۵ĺӣõλĻᣬǬЦǱ㽫Ϊӣպӣ취򷢣Զͻ˽Կɡ
ҲǴ˵˼һϳ̣һ˫֮£ҾģɵΪһ̥ǶӣµȴŮȴѲ֮ٲ
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һãֶδĿ־嵣ǽʴıģв̤ò⣬Ҫط߰ߣ֣ΪȨƣȴٲĶӡ
ڳʮصУ鱻ĥֻʣԹޡ
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û°ɣңֿ磬Щ
ҡҡͷϱѾ֪£˷һˣֻΣǴӸĸ˵ѡ
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˵׻ֳʤ˽ȷ֮󣬱ѽЩΪ֮ͨͨ͸һѪؽҴ
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ģ佫ӣʮȴӡֳʤĽպҲҶӣⱲӲ䡣·һһ£ٲصġֳʤִһ죬ϣֻ֮ٲɲּ֣ȴµĶһҪּҺУ֮ռּڡ
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ʮ꣬䲻״ȷģʱְֵؽ̽ϰ֣ڼϴȥϪˣˣ׻׻̻壬Ҫصжֳʤ
Ϊֳʤʱ֪࣬زӣȻżһ緽ּ֪ңվһ˳Ĵڡ
ףȻǸס
ǰû֣ҲһԴһأοףҲΪǰ;ǳأֳʤֵ
ȴٿһЦô˵ұˡ򿪴ѣȻȥˮֻ㹫أΪţ㾴ᣬóϲȵɡ
˵ʾ֮⣬ֳʤҲִŮˣĸҲԻɫнӹлҪ£ƿ
һնһϡֳʤ֣鰸ˮϡ
˭ֳʤŭһȴȻƼ߱ˮĵطѴڡ
ŵ̧ͷȻҰˣֱײ
޶ʮأ㡭Ҫɱңֳʤɫϱ˪
ᣬݶϵңѾݶֳʤ鷿
ңͷۡⱲּ֮£֪У˻ΧߣĿ̡


74 ɱ

ǽϹҵĳʣ ֳʤ֡νʵܴ߽˲ָֹ
ͩ ⶾֳʤŭɶ ɱӿ ִΪ 㾹ɥĲˣ ҩɾȣ
ҲּĸּҵһУҶӼ̳УǼӰװռȥҲͬ⣡ֶ౦񣬿־ͷģ ֻлеķ Ų٣ ͬɲ ֳʤ
ûֳʤ ּҵĸ ҲδּҼĸס
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ġ
֪ڸģ ֳʤѶŭ гֱؿķȥ
ף 飡
ֻšһͬʱֳʤĽ԰ŭĿȥֻŸȫںڶ˳Ѹ֮Լ֮䡣
ң鷿ǿĲᵽڡֽʵֻ࣬ƬĲ罭ɳܵ˳
Ƕɱ׷ʮޣҲµ֡
ôⱲӵ׶޹ˣݺңԾĽȥֳʤĿֻһɨûչģŰġֻǱˣҪ־͹ȥɡ
ң㸸Ҫɱң
ɱⶾ
ֳʤͬʱڡ֣Ŀ¶һ˿ϲɫֻȱ֣תֳʤȴšüͷĸӶˣưոݡ
ס˫ϥأֳʤǰ֪ĸ׷´ɱɱͬɱ޵ɱɷкηֱ𣿡
ţΪɸԼģȴ翴͸һС
ղ㡭ֳʤȴ̧ͷݶ
ҡ紹ͷ
㡭ֳʤۣ֪Լˣ
ͷɽ֪ˡ
ΪβɱңɱΪܻᱻԶҲ谭ȨһȺףʱͻΪ㲻Ҫλãֳʤʵ
ѫλҶԼؿӡּҶʮּ֮꣬ҵø׽̻壬УҶͬͬ׷ԣֻҪԸңҲԶӣȻ߱Ȩ޲Ķ¡һһ
ŵض󱳣㾹֪ѹ֡ѹɽʹǰͬԭ֪ô꣬Ȼ
ȻЦƳƿޣȴЦģֻңëȻ
ֳʤȴɫлͣ㽫Ǭھд֣ΪΣ
븸ּͬҵҵҪصּѪСּһλϸļߣǶּΨһһ¡Ǭʺϡ̧ͷһ˫̹䣬ޡ
ֳʤΪοгָ棬ֵףĸ׷´˶£Ҳδɴ븸׿ΪּҲٳֶʮ̶꣬ŮķϣҲķϣĸһ档
ⶾҪɱ֮ʱɲʮط֣ἰ£ֳʤָҪҷŹ
ΪּĸޣһݵλڣΪһʱ֮ɱָڿڣɱǴּҼǳ£ּںεأȰײԸŹĸףҲףˡҪΣɽɹٸıɱ׷ΣһҪǣּҴºţٲּΪճЦ֮ʡ޼硭ĸ߰ɡ
һɫ䣬ҧгݻ֣磡Ķ
ֳʤֿȰУ侲˵ɱ˲ͷأ˻Ҫ˼ַ飬š
Ҳգµúܿ죬ֳʤҹȹʸؽκ̽ӣЩצȫ𣬵Ⱥ䣬һ׼šһ磬ȥ䷢Զˡ
ּҾ޽ĵۣڳڣֳʤеĸ֡׮£ֱӶˣûּٲ֣˾ϣһѵĻᡣ
ʮ꣬ݵ̫ˣ֮ʱҲ޻֮ء
紹ͷĬֳʤľֳʤŻ˽վɫȴһһҰܣֱݹ⾡ʧֻıкȻ㶾һ⡣
СģңһֱڿȻƼһߺֱԣھʾ
ѴƳذף󱳴ȥңľδͳǰֹļ֮𣺡ǲң嵽ϣƫ΢ûӭֽ뻳С
ʯ֮䣬ңֻһϸ΢죬ذ
ֳʤ֮ʱذȻ̽磬ŭǳһŽ߿ִңϣʹ¸׵֣ҡҡͷ״Ӧӣһ
ֳʤһǻŭ޴ɷּȻѪȾ飬ûһն鰸֮ϡ
ټ鰸һ룬ʲ䣬ֻš۵һ죬ŵңֹ
ͩãӴҷ龡꣬Ȫ䣬ֳʤԽңָ
ȻأƴȴһԹߣѻأɷӾʧãȻǳʧȤذ׶׼ķֻ˽ᣬԱȴһǯסһذأ̧ͷˣ̻ૣ硭
ذ߿ңվϱϲޣ֮ʮ֮飬塣
ۿ죬£ѵ
ֳ꣬ʤӿ뷿УѺ£ҽΰֳʤģҡ鷿кȻʣңһˣϻ̲ѪҼʱʱҵĿ
Լʱʱ䣬ֳʤŽҽͳƱ߱˵鷿ң⵽ǰһִֻһ
ңң纬Цۡ
ͽѾѣ˿ڱ׵ɫЩ԰ףû£̵òҲû˼Ҫղšллˡ
ңһۣҪ֪һ̣Ҳ÷
º룬ƾĹܲĹġ
ûϣֱֻۣûڣѼֳʤ
λǡֳʤĿңϡ
ңֻĿ棬ԾָЩȴͷʾ⣬Ŀв޹񣬽ñȡ£ȭ¸ңֽóȻˣ̽£ʵϼ£뽫빫̡
Ŷֳʤ磬£
ףʵҴ֮ǰ಻֪ĸ״㣬Ϊһ׮Ҫ¡˵ֳңóɡ
ң㽫Ļȡϣʮ֮뽫Ŀǻɣʥѡ
ֳʤĻǷ


75 
أ ǰһլƺûּҸӴӰ죬Բ԰׵ɫ⣬侲úܿ졣ȻңĳԼżɻ ֮ǰ ֳʤûլ˽°ǰ棬ңȥ
ң˵ԵɣֽԼĲ²Ҫ˵ Ŀֳʤ鶼򶨷ɣԽ˵Խţ ǰ󽫾ӳ֮顣
һʱϣ ֲЩ 㽫׮˵ꡣ
ֳʤδһǣ ֻšüͷ˻˼Բߣ٣ ңڣ ʾ¡
ҹ ңյĻѾȥһʱ䣬 水ǵĲ²⣬ ʥڿѾڻʺˡ
˼Ƭֳ̣ʤߵ鰸дţףװŷͷ÷ŽϻŷԸ̽ȥӪУðټڽʿ ܵٱ͵١ճ¶λǰ£ ֳ ׼һ£һ빬
ǣס繰ֵԣȴȥá
ֳʤһ˫Ŀңӽüˣ
ʮꡣңæص
ηֳʤͷٶ̸ֻ磬ðǰвţҴЩĹݸãĪί
áң˳鷿

ҹɺܳ¾ޣʯСԵխյƤ·ңš
ڱסһˣһȥһڹֵأԲ߰ȫԷϢҹίˣܸ㰲ˣ˷֡߱˵
޷ңھعˡ
ָ·ģߵö죬ҰףңղŵľĶû£
û¡
ң̾һ˵ΪҪô㸸ףʮ꣬ô˵־֣
ʩ˲ʵֶβܼ޸ףı㣬׶оްһºǿˣܵ˶ʮױ䣬޲֣ҡʱңȷΪĸĿǶҳɳ飬ҲͻǶ飬áҪһӸȨƵλŮ
ļʮڰһС硱ĽɫΨʱԼ
ңǰ˼Ȼֻ⽥Լͣתôˣ
ĵƣõƻüĿñµһƬӰУɿ壬֪ǰˣң
ȻӿͻԿơ
֣뻳С
ңһ㵣ʱѱڻУϴԲ𣬽ұһ£һ¡ңңҺܸˣѾмʮûô˹ˡҾҸףӣĸײһ
˷飬ңûܹϲá
һ統꣬Ŀøױĸ׶ɱ֪һҹ־ǺãһҲ㣬ݺݱһΣʲô˵
˺ˣȥˡңĸһıο
Ӱ磬
罥֣忡ڵƻ¾˿ĺΣߵġʾⲢûʲôΪˣЩڡ
߰ɡݵйٶȻָ侲
ңȡЦǿ˰ɣơ
֣æѵƷ£ֻ·ˡ
ңһЦٴȤ仺飬ݴȴһפȣ˭
ϸӰӲݴԺ֣еƻڵϣ塣ңһˣæñѹվ˵ˡŵø鷿춯ֳ£̽ƫңˡ
ңȻȫڶУ̬͸¶ǸŮ˵ʵ
ԶԶƼֳܻŮӣ״׽ȫȻǰǰ䣬ŭɽӣ˼˹Ƽ§ʻ㣬ֻҹ¶أǺļԺ˽᣿
ü޹ءô㲻ﰲޣܵʲô
ֻܹٷŻ𣬲׼յģãΪβܣŪЦЦ⵽ϣۿң˭治׼£ϾպҲҪһɩɩء
ɩɩָ䣬Ȼ֣Ҫңñϻغľǰң׼Ҳûܳɹ£ݺǯС
֣ʹ
üҹѩ۵ײ˪ŭɱģȫƽյĳ谮ݡ
û磬û˦˿һȻָӡ磺֣㡭
粻˵ֻڸȥʸҲܼĸһ棬ҹպټɾˡ
󾪣˺£ȴңתȥվԭأȥĸ׺͸֮ԥ
Ƭ̺ţȥʸ

罫ң͵ݺ󣬰ֵأֹ˽롣ȻˣܽݷңԸɾ죬˼Ĺ
ңޣֽ֪̬鷿ǰȥ飬ЩȥɣĪ¡
ѽ̺ãʱȷҲ鲻𣬹ʶίˡЪɣĪ룬һع
ңͷӦ£˵𣬲໰һҹ˷ƫƧңϴڴϣƽһŹ£һּҵ£һֻ£Ʊµĸ£⽣ꪻҲһҹ޺ߡ
ǿۣû˯Ѵ
ѣҴƱԺ򡣡ȥϴ
ڣ췢ſţſվľ硣ʣδԶ׼ҹδߣ۵Щ˿ȴá
û˯ãҲڿ
ңֻô㣿
ع罫ñϣתȥ
ֽһȥǵ£ңϡ
£ѾһӪˣɡҲոظȥҲһ߱ߵ
Ҳһң˵ʱ䡣
ͷһͣҲġ
ң޻ɻء

ʱƥʱƥһһȥˡ
ͣιգ˲˭Ҳûڣٽ˷ּٶȡֻĽǰǣ
ңң³ҪңҪ£вɳݵϢ͵Ŀ̫һĶ򣬻ͷ⡣ĻպãҪʱ̣ǵá䡣
֪ˡңһһӦ¡
ֻǸ¸ˣӰ첻Լȥ֮أһͬ˶ûȻϣʵ֮ա
˼ˣԼҲСģҡ̵ҡ
ЦЦֻ˾䣺ۣ֮ͬ¡ء
һۣͬǰ޲١
ͬۡϵңͦϲ
⽥ȥתʧڣңתǣ븮
һ𣬵ƽ


76 ˭
һҹ޺ߣ ңƣص̴ԸæµңʱͣлƷ׷Զݸ˵ɤѽ һ糣ƽ˾ ȻǴĵһ졣
ңأĶˣ µĲܹܵ¡Ȼɳأ˸ССˣ ֻСδᣬ ɲ£ һ̧ͬۡˣ Щ˱ȼ磬кľҪߡ
С԰ҴҸϴ 㾶ֱȥ
ʱ磬˶̴֦վޡʮһûңͲ⣬ۻûƼˣһʰ Ϻúô· ŽѾӴӴ ̴֦׽Բءк̴ֻ֦ ֵͷ۷ǳ
ң ̴֦⣬ ң飬 Ϻ庢ӵЦӻ̴֦ˣ֦ȥιùù
òװã·ιùҲˣң߰С±´ιùô¡
ιù硣
ս̽ʥ˲ûһй̵ֻ˵λӻŮһݳǰԪ۸ʥԪǳһۣרΪʼҼйʲôְѣҪ
ƽԪΪʥ޲ףͳңղ²⹬ҪңվʹȥԪۣû취롣
̿ŵùңʡ
ιùҡͷǵµˣǸûС¹١
͸ˡ
ܽأң
ܽǰУǲΣҲ֪ιùõ
Ȼ䡣
ңͷĬ˼⣬ֱۺҡ
ν㣬ʦʲôʱ˵˰컰ѾȤңʵ
磬ңͷʦղÿУɡ
ʧض֣Ʋ֣ȻһЦС£Ҹʲô
һŸֽ𰣬һЦŽ۾תͷ綪嵽ߣŷݵֽ𰣡
ֽǸͼȥߣɫޣȹڻ֪ƮжƯ
ģǷֽȥգգۣң
ңûлֻǣ֣ԣСµСЩĪ̫ܵݣһˤ˿ˡ
û˵꣬ѡҮ֣ңΣֻܸȥ֮ǰԸιùá
ݵܱһҡ

Ĳɵ˻ֽ𰣬ңһԵͤﴭЪ
Զƺקֽ񱼵һһСˣңʵûǸǣСľʢҿиڣڳ
һᣬιùþͽܱңͤ﷭
ܱеϢѾɸѡݲֻ࣬ҳֽ඼йصϢֻǷǳ飬Գݵı֮ңڵķȽЩ˵ݱлͼףҳҼĹϵԶסڵȵȡ
һ۵˼ңңע
绯лԬ˼ң˿⣬ҾʵԬĸŮèݳͣңĹΣӡԬ˳ʧߣڳַլԺԭŹЩ徲̹ӣլӵԱǸ˱ԺѰֵĳÿϸݺﲻϣΡԬ˿಻ԣÿˣҪԹھӡ
Ϊ׮£˲ٹϵ·ھֹͣҹ˵оûһγɹһ֪ھ򵥣ⴱլӵˣ˵̫ĸϸһֶӵլ
׻˵ǰƷ٣ȻǹĹϵͨҲȲԬ˳˱Թ֮⣬Ҳ
ҲΪϵңλԬ˵Ҫܱ
Ԭǡݣܱм¼ɫ˫Ŀ졣
ңǵԬ˳ʧߣɫãٿ˵ĻûбԹֻ˵ڼҲˣ˯á
ѹԬ˵ļ¼ػؿ飬Щɣ˼ţһֻͻȻʯϣܱؿһ
ֿʲôô񣿡Ƶض
ңͷ𷴳һЦүҸæɺã
о죬ĵЦ;òԣ̵һ죬ħһߺһ**ֱ⻰̫
һСæ鷳ġһأҸλ
ɴ˵ۡ
ªʽӵۣͲ˰ɡңܱǫ顱
㵹֪֮ûϵӲ˵´ңƺġʡ
ң֪ûΣֻ˳ëߣֵǰﻹǲ
˵£
ү˸ʮǳҲĻܲܰչһʮ£ңҹ˯̴֦˵дʱ䣬Ҹסܺ˵ˣԼá
ҧгݣ˵죬Ұ㣡ޣ
Ͱʱ䣬ǰһң˫ֺʰϿ
ҧг꣬Цˡ
 
ҪöƽӴӣ¿Ҳңһ˸ҿڡ


77 ޣ
ĥӲ˵Ӧտʮº ңһӴֳ˹׼ȥԬҡ
ȥԬǰԼң 麣Է⡣
麣ɲԵɣְ֮ңתۼ͵绯绯ǳȽַķԬҾڳ绯 Ԭ˵ ȡ˼̫ľƫƧû˼ңԬѾӽײ ֻһ˼ң ͨоСңԬ˵ Ǭɴˣ Ĵ԰ӣڸūֶ֣ ˡ
ͣڣң麣£۾ƼԬңȴûǰţվӿװ·㣬Ŀⲻɨլӡͨİţһۣͭ Ϸң ֻдˡĪ ʯףҸһֻլʯޣֻͨ˼ԺЩͻ
ľһûУȫԬ˿ﲻϣ徲
ңƬ̺ŵԬǰšʱű򿪣ңԱݣŵСһݱɱլرңǰֵƬ̣ͿԬ˴Ůӭſڣֻˡ
ѺңƷ麣ӹԬˣЦèʳ͸λԣԬǼèˣҲ̸·ͲˣĪ֡
˵ģĿˡԬæ˽Ц𿪣ֵȥʱû˵£һˡ
һ˵һ߽븮ڡ̼ͨ˼˵ңȻᣬ¥빫˵ݣǶϵĽᣬۡ
ҵ˽񣬲ڹСңЦЯԬ˵ֵ˽ɫã˸˰㣬ϲˣ
ʲôϲ£˯˼þѡԬ˽Ůݲ裬Լң쳯ΣֻǶǸĪҽղˣҲߡ
ҲŸͷţҲǸͨ˼ңûʲôر𴦡ңߺȲ̸
ޣʲôͨ˼ңͨ˼ܲҹϸ裿ǵ˰˱ѪùΪô˼ңʮаֵģô˯£Ԭ˾
ʵ˵Ҹ˶ξ룬ЩҲ̫󣬵κԬǸʧ߻ߣҹе춯Ҫѵˣּ⣬УĪҶӰ
ǵǣҹҹΣ˭Ҫң˳Ļ˵ʣ徲ˣ
ǰԼǰͻȻͲˡҲǲ֣ǻַ
ܻѽңв졣
ҹͷнŲҪöˡ˵ҹ͵͵ʲôǽ¥ӲǣҲ֪Ǽʲô˵£Ԭѹ
ңɴ˫صʲô£˿Īҡ
Ԭ¶ĳЦݣңСӿҹ춯Щұѣ͵͵ȥۣƼʲô
һңһ䣺Ƽܱڲɵʵͣլ⣬ԱΧŲٺˣǹӳвһλСӽլ˵Ǽǲ°ͼƵĹҲܰбӣǡϱߵˡֳֵָָǿŮȻլ
Ԭ˵ľ͵ϷﳪңУǾĶˡ
СǺģƼңʵ
ԬҡҡͷôڣҲƣֻǽլſʱͷյƿһѣĿУֻ֪СӱһӸЩ磬ûͷ棬³û˼Ҵ𣬱ЩͷͲ֪ļĽ١
Ů˶εĹעǱȳУԬ˼Ļ⡣
ǵʲôѣʲôͷ𣿡ңнƽֲò
Ԭ˸شȴȻʶʲô죺û塣ĪƺرȤ
ңʶԼ֮ˡԬЩ̸ʶѣȻǣУǲҶ໰ģ鷳
ҲʲʲôңЦǣԬߴŴδ̤żʱԬ˺Ȼһקס鸴ӵشյϣ˵˸ֵ֣ҪܾȱȾȣֻ˵˵ġ
ͨ˼մǷǣδ֪ìãԬ˻ĸˡ
ңͷСлԬҵŹص÷ɿ졣ǹˣԬ¾ǻ֮
飬ңΪˡ

ԬҳңִĪһ۱뿪ˡû̿ڻعڳ˼麣ڳ⾲š
ԬԣĪǰʼϣźͺҴͥʱ࣬լ쳣빬бйأζŻʺץѲˡʺй̫ӿƳãһжϢطչ÷ǳѸ١ҰµĿ⻹ںĻ֮ϣȫȻ֪Ұġ
˿Ю֮ģҲڵʥ˴λگ顣
ʱ䣬֮£ÿտۡϢܶ˼･Լ⣬ֻģ
֯ңԬἰĲ
֯ڹƷʸӵвóѴ˲࣬Ԭ˾ͨһжӵ򵥡
ңӴ󵨡䡣
ȻԬ˵СӣûֱӿԷòƾԷжıáһƤͷǧ̬ȾСﻹҪɫ
䣬ڲӦԪֵۣ˴˵أԬ˵ǱвĪլˣҽڴˣͼʲô
ͼȨ
ȵŮսպգ󰲽/ûջıȨʮڽʥλ֮ʥٳְ֮ȥȨУҲΪķɵڳʮȨƶԭ
ľĴڣҪô֮Ҫô֮ûе
ĻǴȡûʥּȨչ齻̫ӣԡǲҪʥ֮¸·ۼԲôӣլΪĵط
ңĦµְ֮һͷ
ԾĲ²⣬ʺ¶û֤ݣֻƾһָ̼˵Ĳ²⣬˭
Ѿв֪ƣ˭֣
Ȼ䣬ٽǰǧһĻպãҪʱ̣ǵá
½ͳǰöͭʧ̴ͭ¡
Ҫ
Լ
ֻʣõĻպ÷ִ磿᲻ṼΣ᲻Ǵ鷳᲻Ӱԭеļƻ
´أ᲻ᷴŪɳ׾
ֲ˶ǺҾɲһ¶᲻Ầ磬ǣ֪
罻дʱģңȻԼ
һξã˼ѣλԣһ仰ȴΣҲһ˵ˡ

ңһԥԥ˹
ɫĹ˹ңһ·ǵԱϸࡣңͭ˹Ƚٳֲ԰棬ιùãѯʹõĴȴǱж滻ûУҲţⶼһһҹмҲ֡
ңɻδȥ
Ƿʱ䣬ȴĻ˯ͷ͸ϣ˯ñ΢ʵڵ¿飬űҡţյüᣬԽˡ
񾲵ĻңΪ֮һɣ̤룬ֻôʱ˯ˣ
̧ͷֻһҪ˯ţֻܰס飬ȰͷŲϣԼվ𣬰ңһų㻹֪ѺӸҴ죬Լң֪֪ۣҲ˯͵ðԸˡ
һıԹ̰㶶Ծѹ͵ġ
ңǸԲסүˣίˡ
뱧Թ۽һƳƼԱվŮڴЦԼңĶԻʮֹŹ֡
һƽӣһŮ˱ԹӼѣҪοⲻǷ޼еĶԻŮɫԻ֣ǻʱڵˣ־ҪСҧ¡
үܲܡٰҸæǱңȴֿˡ
ңˣǲеôߣ
ָıͷңæڨЦסʳָֻүܰ˶첻Ҳֻ`ˡ
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黰ңæס죬ߵҴ绯Īլѡ
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78 ˭
ңǣ Ȼƾ֮û취Ϣ۶ƽ볤ܸ뾩 ڳշ֮³ɳ аĸ֮ պжҰı Գܹ黹Ǹж𾴵ģ ôȵĹͷңҲ˼̫ࡣ
ԬǱ֪̽ϸͣ ңȥԼӹϢ볽ֲȳŵһ£ֻ˵ԼȥԬèʳʱĪҲԾġ
һ࣬˵壬꣬ δϻشֻƽЦŭ飬 䣬ŲԶĵ棬κ֪Ƕǣң ·ڳ粨ƾһָ̼֮ǣ ²±ͦҲµġǲǻû˵ĪǹҲˣ
׳ûشļ϶ ֻʵңͷ⡱һ ¹غ֣й ƺΪѣûǿ ֻĵ׮ΪҪ磿ܰ㣿ҾͲܣǽôˣ
ңҪȴҲɣ Ϣ磬 Ϊ볤֮¶Ȼо޴Ӱ죬뾯ʾһڹ㣬ȴûҪԼЩ˵ɾͻǣܣίʵû취Ҳû뵽⿴ĮĵˣȻǸĶģСˡ
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кθ߼԰ȭʵ
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ζţ˰ţһ죬δѾƾһҧš
֪Ǻʱʵη⴫һҴٽŲԼЩ죬ȴûֹһᣬη壬Ϻףֻץ̵ˡ
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΢΢һŲͣͣͷŶԼηǳĺ⸴ӣһʡ
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79 
԰ܿ죬 Ṧҹ̽Ԫۣ˼Īլ򣬲ټֲ ׮Ҫͬʱȥڵ ʱңȫ
ҹɫƻҡҷ ңվ³ԶǰͥԺһˣֻճңԶ
Ѿ¶ģ ҪԼһЩ ֻҪҹ̽Ԫ۵˻ȷԪۣ ʹǰĪլţ һ⣬ ɹʷҹ ׼
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һϯ˵ңͷ󶨡
˵ԶǰԹò˵ⱲӣԶġ

巵ƫֳͨʤ粢λŹǴѾһ죬ȴٳδʥ٣ֻ̫ӳǼΡ
סŵҹɫ֪и𼸷ֲ֮С
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˻Ȼ
ֻںˣ߽ˣ
ҡ΢ЦӦʹҪշˣ˵


80 ᳡
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Ҳ첻⡪û书 ȥ޷Ա
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˼ˣԶ˳תȥ
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ˮϸ죬һһˮӳ绯ڰǱ£Īլȥ

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δ䣬Ѽ粨δݣɫ

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ȻĴ㣬ңһȴ󶨡ð֮ʱǣˣóһŵңûк֮ǡ
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ܣȲԼˡ

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񱼣ӳ˵Ľֵɳ۶缱꣬⳹ҹž
ӻʳ˳ųĹؿֱ绯
չ绯ţȻŵһңԶҹգ
Īլ򣬴졣


81 绯ħ
ܴպ쳤ҹ Ҳ绯İգڼҵİգٸĻʦպܿ飬 Īլϣˣһظǹһأ żżĺͯҪ㡣
УԾϵĪլ⡣
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ҵȺ䣬 һƼլڳң ڣǽԲֹǰ½ ֻأ
Щģ һѾס ֣֪ߺˣ߿ȱߵѱȳͻء
ʵң缱ŭ־ֽϼ֡
ӡ桭ҽ۾լƳȥ仰ȥֻʨӵѾȫլĿǰûҵӡ
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ĻȾɫ ҡҷĻ磬л㱼һ׵罻ӵҹͬǾ һ֮䣬 ңûоȡˣ һʵʵΣ᲻ʵĴڣ
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綢ŰϱⲻҲԼ⡣
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Զһʹŭɶƾʲô´˶ۣ
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ĸƣżаȴҲƵϾٰüĽϱû֮£صͷϡ
ңЩпԹţǱϺȻңң㸸ױʥټˡ
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ңȴˡһϡ
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ǡΪ׾еͼֽϵġ
Ⱳӡ̬չٶȼӿˣ
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ңԭΪԼɿ ú͵Ϣһʱ䣬 ȴǲˡνǣһȫ ԣⳡѽƿأ Ԥϵķչ
üģ滶ϲĸףȻٰ㵣ҲòǿЦŻϲ ﷳ˿硪ߵȥȥƷ֣ ƺܳػ̸ˣҲֻһˡ
ͬΪˣ мʽĴ Ƴ̲С 沨ͷ
ܺȻģ ң
ۣϻŽң껽ء
˵ʲôңһ˫ֱסĸ׵ֱۡ
ϱ˵㰢ֶˣøϽ㰢ֵ¸ˣܰġ
ҪѰϱѰʲôһСءһңɺ
㶼ʮˣ գ۽ֹ룬Сҵ㼸꣬ ż޲̾ ޣ ֲìܡ
ܶ꣬ҶǰСްңòܺĸ׼в⣬ǰγ۲⣬ǰ֣ȷʵøѰɩġ
̸ɫӣһλŲò󷽵壬ҵ⣬иܵ귽ʮ㿼ȡ;Ǽŵԡ
ңһ֪ĸ˵˭ϱγ۵ϡϾҲǻƶμҲ壬θڱθСְʸģɽ׺ȴγ۲Ｅɷ򣬷޸鲢μû䣬ǵܵܿϸƲμңһֽμҶ˸ɾǸͬȴѹѵŮˡ
ý˽ƣûͨϴ̽μϢһн˿ѰϱܵݺףʱôɣҲһֹ͡
ңԽԽãϲٽš
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Īǣ룬ۼҲǹѫң񰢵ߪֽ˽ǰ;ڹ˵ʮֵƣ滹еģպ󱣲ֶҪھС㶼ˡ˵ˣ밢ͬڱְϷĹϵ鲻ϼױضңһĸ׷˵ˣʲôʵ;ͣǶǸ˿ģؼǰϲҲ⣬ǲ֮ϡ
໥飬ΪԲ
˵Ҳǡһȥ̽̽㰢ֿڷ磬Сģ¹ܳɲɣҪȥһԡϵͷ
ңͷеĸ׼ϣ۵ſһģ⣬ұȥ£ý׮׼ɣ
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ңѾôнˣһЦѾණ
Щֻ֪д㣬˵˵ɡ
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ҲˣЦҲԽʮֳ硣
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ҵĵճﺫˡҲܡ
һͬˣ·ѸģδΣ ˭Ҳ޷Ԥϡ
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ݷΪʮأʵʵټٵعӣû˱̹׹һ仰ⳡԴͻԵϷ֣ƭˣȻԼ

ָ㡱ҶȻվ鷿ԺУǡܹ۵ǣСʱϲǡ
ӽңֶ˶Ρ
񣬺ҴѱݲܣּȻ󲨣Ѿ޹ءҪȥ޷֮ϰһɡ
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һϮ£ ޸߶ѣ Ŷĵ յϸɻ˶ҩ ȥȸ绪ȴˡ
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88 
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ʱδ ֻһյƣ ȴߣ 춯߶ԣ ٵ磬Ƭ̣ ૵֣֪ ֪㲻Ұ ҾֻΪޡж˭Ʋϡ˵ﳼ֮ ֮ ǲһ ôҶţ 쿴㣬 ȴʲô˵ˣ ̰̣ƾʲôСӶϲ㣬 ֻҲܣ
˶٣ָüۣҲˡôϲ㣬 Ҳû˭Ϲģ 룬 Ƕṇ̀ ֻС۵ãӦԶ۰ңұҲͦãǶһ޶˭ȡˡҲȢޣҸԼҪܣԼֻҪ㲻Զֻռͷİ裬ҲǸ˭ԽȥĴڡ
оһ£ְЦ𣺡ǣƭҡԭ֪ԼҰˣôҵĺãװģϲˣǸңʲôõģֵϧȣǲʶã˶ã
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ֻûȻһɾִɨһԡֱ壬ůƵƻ˫죬Ƶײǣʶ򰸲ŵѿȥĴѣͷ󾪡
˵ûҵȷʮ飬ֳδãұδ㣬ްŮ֮顣ҲʧȥİԣɫԲ棬ΪѾʮ֮龡Ĩȥ˵Ҳ򰸱ߴѡ
ҪңҺڴˣϲкδǱ֮Ҳ㲻ϲңĨȥĨȥͲαˣۼıȥͦųȥûңҲ欣еģͨͨУã
ûУ֪ҷȴδ㶯ģΪ㲻ãֻΪҲϲ㡣ǿңҶԣԾɱá
νǧˮֻȡһưˣ䷱̡
硪㲻ôңѱˮһỽһֻ硱Щִַ飬嵽ߣֻս׿
һǯס֣齫űߣһ߿ţһơ
ȥ

ԶͬʱԶԶҹãԭΪͬ鼸׮Ҫ£ײĻħһĪլͷɡ
Ҳ뿴ǣ翴ԶҲûɫתȻŶա
澡ʧԶ֣ȥԶĪؿ˿յţԥƬתȥ׷
һ·ּϣڻƵ´վţһϮ΢͸߰¶Զ׷һ۾ͽĿƿҶ࿴ɵ±Ȱˣлú˵ɵ
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硭ԶЩֻ֣ǰŶûҶʡ
ȴδشתͷ¶޹ɫգԶһȥǿʵ磬Ҳϲμ㿴ͬȣ˭Щ
Զһӱüͷƻµ˲ұӣأûصȻǺõģֻЩģ㲻ͬˡţǼ⡣
ⶫʱͽ󵽣ңǷɣٺãվ
ͰһֻңʲôɣһԵߵҲšѾߵԶߣҪ֤ʲô㿿ԽԽҲұȲԶ磬㿴ҡ
˵һԶֱϣԶһľʯ
ġܣԶ
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˶Ǯ֮⣬ƸеʲǮ򵽵ģˣԭլСϱʹüլլӵҪˢݣȫǷѹ£һʱܳɵģæҲϡ
ңϻŮġңĳμ͵֮£ڳ㣬լɵĻƣңͰĸײƸ񣬳˵ĵλٴεõ֣еĲҵʲôȫѡ۸ҲͨҲһ룬ǳҲӣֻҪһȥͬϱ۸Ҳ˲Сۿۡ
Ϻȥһؽ֣ʶңֵų̾ΪֹǴͨܵġ
ңǮѾ鷳޲ĶγͻҪģǱˡ˱ıûУЩϵܷЧֻҪμģܸγۺֻûֵˡ
ʱΪμˣϴĸ˵Ҳٶ˵ʲôϿԽĸ￴Ů
һȥңĹϵڳ˵ֻμҳȢ֮󣬾͸ֵμŮ
ԶϢʱңʱԼĸ׳дƸĵӣڱһīһ߶һԣһǵңŭƤЦû
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Ӷɰң֪ԼжమദһӣҲԡ
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ңһӸ˶ԣ̧ͷ֣£
Զʱ˴ϳˡγߣͷкֵ֪巸ʲô˵ǰʱգּҶּŮв֮ģᱡץ˴󽫾ֽһŭ֮ãԲš
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ңȴӲ졪Զˣе˽ġԶŽߵĽڼ֮ʿΣ޴/£Ǹ
ǿһΪŮ᲻һָͷŮˡ
ǻˡγ̾һ
£Զ٣˵ʲôǰ;ڳ¶첻ȥˡ


89 Ȣ
ԶڳһȦС Ϊ˲෹̸ʣûվᣬսֵʿ ԲʵĽ˳ķ̨֮ ԶͲ֪٣ Ӥöûأ֦޼Σ ң˼ٳȥ죬Ҳûܰҵ
˴ԣ ڳӵƽԶ ¶ķ 켣̻ ǳԾƶǮ˻죬Դ״֣ ӻⲻ˵Ƿһƨɶծ ķ׷ڰ˸ܾˣٺΪòȥѰ£ ɳûĻҸ ƹˤ һԸеĸ֣ЩùĹ
ʿ оͽ һ겻
޴ɲңꡣ޵ļνӴңԶȻδͻ ⲢԶĲŻ ųôã ۽ǰͬ׿˳̸ֻŻ³ϧϱôߵĳɾͣ⣬Ҳ벻֣ⱲȻٷĪʧȥİ˴ЩȻͬ
ңÿϧ
ΪԸ˲ţҲպΪУû뵽㲻㡣
Զϧһת۾ͱңʱٶææԼҵ¡γۺͷƵĻѾ񶨼գʮһ³תңѰؼҴСסֳ½һΪ˰ĸףҲΪ֮¡
ļȻ翪ʼ;еȷΪ˶ôʱҲöˡΪң׼Ĺϵڼﰲ麣Ⱳﲢûһл죬ҴҵͷĽˣټɩҲýȢŵŮˣϵֱһ㣬ҪѾʮѡ
ԣԷҪеͼһƲɱػٸһƣ˷ʤңòС
㰢ֵĻ˽ᣬʯͷҲȥһ롣վУʰϸң
ǾѮõլ԰ɣμ׼Ǩݡ
ңָѾ߰ʰԻصȢޣôȥһʯͷŶ֪ˣһͷʯһҪɩޡ˵ߵĸߣͷеϼϣֵɩӹţҲӦ飬ڹҲЩٹһأɩɩޣɾˡۣδСֶֶŮתϥµĳ棬ԾṆ̀ϻû˵꣬ͷͱһ
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⻰һͳңϣʣüͷһС
Ѿʮˣʮˣļڼʮ˻ûףƶƽҲãȻⲻдΪʳǻǴ´ģۼҲʲôȨƸĴ㣬֪֪Ȳźá䶨͸ֵˡȢȻ˴Ǯģܵļױһûί㡣ҵĴŮСŮ޵úãҲܰġϱ˵߰ң§Ҫ˵᲻ã᲻õľСŮ
ңҪĸ׵Ļͷһȣֻתͷĸ׻
ֻҪĸڣ¹ͷٷ˪ѩؼȻǸĵСŮ
ֻһ㣬ʼڶƽպҲ֪᲻ȥȥƽǧ֮ңȥĸŮϽԼ˵һ룬־ĳ׻ԣæסˣ˵ˣ°ûһƲʱ˵ɡ
ңĸùҪŽĴߵ˭Ҫ˵ˣպҪضƽһֽ飬ǡҲŲȥƽҪڳһӴڰߡ
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ңһüͷͷǰϸ״һ޲汻ĥù⻬͸ֱ̹󣬵ɫֲͨʯżֻǣȾƵġֽͷŵ£ȻŵһҩζƺŻ㣬ţĺܻ
Զýᣬеƺŵ㣬һʱȴ벻㽫ҩڻֻҲЩͷ˯ȣȽڱ
ȥȥҵ׳类Ϳաִͷ
ңЦͷڻϷתͷͻ̴һ˹ͷιùáרŲҩҽʿңͷ⡣
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լԺҲɣּҰ룬סլլԺʥΪֲͣڳ棬ǴԹȺ۵ĵطּңʥ˶ɣƵУҲæòС
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֪ˡЦĿңš
й߻յģΨǴɫΡ
ңˣѿڡ⼸Ҳ֣ż§§ܻǻϹƮƮһǡ˿Ŀƣּ泵ڿռСůůѰ컡ѳֲסϴգңȴܲܣϴ̣ìȴڴʱ͵һƺ뵽ʲô
˶һߣңᣬߵͷ㾶ײǣֻšˡһ죬ңҽһͷ۵ᶼҪ쭳
һ컶˲Լͷæ̹Ǵ࣬ŽȥȴҲִĿĵء
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罫ӽˣԼժ¶ñ»ˣûִ򶷺ۼ
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綢ֻϸòŵԶļ

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⡣ֵܵļȻտףĳһˣʮͣƤͭźģ
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ܺȫϢĻܡ
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˵й£ңÿζʮСġ
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90 ޶
ҩͬҽʿź ʮպͻμҽңУңԤϵʱա
ǡμǨլڼϯ棬 Сȷ԰ӵլڣ ضƫЩʤڸַǰ࣬ ŮŮһһԺң׹һֵסҲ
Ͻкˣ ŮĸǰӦ Ů˷μҸһб˵ ΪСŮңĺ ͸԰档
źʹң麣֦ Լ㵽ߴͤԲš
ҽʿдú꾡ҩ/ȫ긨ҩĹͬҩ֭ݣȷǹ/ޱҩʳȷߵĹЧ ʳţ ᵼڵ֢ҩе޺ҩüֵԣ ⣬ǼҪ֭еĸҩ
ҽʿδҩΪΣ Ȼʱ֣ ҩĳɷݣ ǳ룬ǿһ뿪뽹겻ľأҲΪ۲Ҫʱ䣬Բ˶ҽʿ㣬ˣ£ͻ񫡣
ң鲻Խֽ߬ץŴ塣
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ңͷ𣬺޲ýﾾ̣һ뵽ľֻ¡԰С·Ů̸ЦŲľڵңȥÿĸ԰ӣһѵ״ɷѾʣТؾȹҲֻͣ˵ôȥǸͨСˡ
ͤҪСңۺؿڣҩͤ⻨һţӭˣ̡
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Щǣҩݣֻͷ
ҹɢȥַͷ֢ȡҩõĻظȴǣңͷСĸˣϸ˸î

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Ůû˵䵶Ƭ̺վʵṫӾøν£
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Ϊ̫ᣬûΨһĶӲߣӲùͷΰˣ˳⣬ް޳裬ӵĻ£Ҳܲμӡ

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ҹլעǸҹ
ǽһȼùȣŮվϣ»㱨һʧܵĴɱδŭһ룬ʯȻ˵ˡûͻһҽУ߱ɣ̤֮ʯҡ
Ů˴ЦԽġ
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ʵʵټ٣һ


94 ǰϦ
ڼȶ ңʼ飬ȴڴʱ뾩
ԪϦѹֻʣ²ʱ䣬 ׼δЩִ١ң֮
֣߬ Ц£һأھȢ Ҳҹζࡣ
ʲôҹζ࣬ ²졣ңƿ Цˡ
ˡգָ䵯󴥸У ģ լףҾʲȫµģ Ȣ̻ɹг һһġĸļױͱãճɻ飬¼ȵȶֳɵģ ͷйģһʱ´࣬ Ƕûмգ һЩء̫ʷļնҪ¡
ңĿ֣Թ˾䣺
ôˣԺ˷޻Ҫء˵ڻ ɫ죬 Ц ס ֻ ůҲȢޱزί㣬һʮ̻ͼΣ
ңýǻ˻׿ʮ̻
ǹ޷еĴ̻ͼޣ̾ν峤·
ǰʮ̻ҼҡЦˡ
½ԣ繵Ǳ䣬ƻá

ƽӵĻºܿ촫ȫʥΪֲĿǷּ̽Եͬ࿪ͬʮ̻һʱȫǻȻʥѶ겻Ůʮ̻ʢ֣ν˲Ķ
СӻȡŮˣ׽ˮ¥̨ȵһڹбϷʵ
ңΪˣΪԵʣԭܴճɶԣû뵽ȴȢˡƵó簮ңЩǸΣԼֶӣҲΪȥԧ£ֹܣҪʹ͡
ĸҡңվڳǰһЦġ
ȥɣѾףһ̿⡣ӻ̷֣񵥽ңУˣҲԵ㸸ĸУֻǲ׼ɻˡ
ֻ䣬ܿЦйĸҲһ
ң񵥣ֻ֣˿ʯͷ

˹кͳİæﱸú˳ңԼ£ҲûгھҪТֻҪЩ¿ЬãǷļ飬ң֪ǣĸףЩŮ˵ЬĨȥƽ͵ϱТġ
Ϊ̷ټʮ̻裬мٲػͨΪæڹγ飬̻ص㣬мֹͲ̤˵ΧԼмĹ۾ͤ
ʱ䣬ͼֽѳɣθԸ··ϵΧ⣬μҸǴһʱ̨ң֮ʱǸ߹̻á
θֿʼľҹϹΪļŮ

ѮʱңƽһԶ
ԾһһӭԶŰϯǰر֮ʱ̳Ѿһ롣
˵ҪͶƽӳˣ
šңЦЦͷѾˣ¸¡
֪ʮ̻ͼޣȫǶڴԶЦЦƾףǰͷϡ
ϣͷ
лңؾһơ
ԹԶٿЦվɴӻȡƵǰµ¼滹нǽӹܵԱҲȷЩ˵ݣһ㣬ǽƺı£һδ̽Ǻ£ٸһʱ䡣
ң±ᣬĿϣˣ
¶İײͷֻƤСˡ
ءң޶ԡ
ȥ֮ʱ¥ִˡ֮ȴ޾ϣһδձȻֹ

ҹңóԶıᣬڵ·ģһϸϸػ飬Ҳ֪뵽ʲôַ䵹ǰЩղܱҳһһұȶ
ȻҪ飬²û󣬲ÿܱݵϢỨʱ俴߼鱨ճԶϢԱȡ
˿Ͳ£ȫϵϢ֮䡣
ֽҳüͷɽᡣ

µѮѶǹڶƽμĻ´ԣȫǰնڵȺⳡʮ̸̻ȫ붫ƽйصݣΪӣʮ꣬ȴΪһ˳ĿĴڡ
Ҫ˵˾͸ü޶ƽģ볯ΪΣ۰Ů͹ˡһƬ飬Ů˶ݡ
ɲǣ˵˳ûӢμСҲ֪ĸ
ģŮ۵
һʱ֮䣬˵֮Էҳңٴδ˿ڣϴΣȼݣϼ
Ще÷š屧Թһ䣬ֿԽɫĬĬ̾
һ£ڹ龩ͷ糾δʣңϢҪȻվʲôû˵ֻǣ
ﳾȥ
˸ңһܺ

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ڽңмûмˣϰףɻǰ˲ܼ棬ķֱҪһֱաòõĶѲ׵̻λֻʢš
֮ʱңȻյԶ
ԶͷÿһΣ̶ʱص㣬ͻȻԼӦԶм£ҪôдչҪô⡣
Լĵص㲻䣬ƽǴլԺͷסŮϡң׵˸϶ĳţֱլ
շ꣬ƽȴңƧС·ܹȺСլͷŵĻ˸ˣǸСѾͷԼʮߡ꣬òƽƽǹ
ͩˣԽҷ̡롣˵ÿңլ
ͩǰѾͷ
ңԼò̫ԾǸЩļӣߵŮҸôģƽƽŮˡһζѪϢΣյֱſͣŮҲľңܵÿ졣
˶һ¶ȹµĽţЬЬ϶ǸɺѪ
ң룬תܣץͷ»δˣȴҲ˳Ա߶ܣңô˻ӳլţ˶ĵطȥ޹ģ·񱼣֮ų
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ҽԼ㣬Ҫ¡ǽı֮£㸸йأӦáΪ㸸ľеͼֽ
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֪˭ҳȥͷҲǵˣӲɿԱߵϳ¼ŮУ·ˣ뿪Ѿ׷ˣһһᣬ·ǰԶǷĺţȥ뿪
ƽĴƽرͽעСʲôˡ
ң߬ѣһ仰Ҳ˵ԶֵУǷŮ˵һϢӹңգȴԼѪۣա
ͷѴ˵ĶԶеؿտУȻ㲻ںʲôˣǸʸȨ̰ĽٵŮΣԸȥҪһиȨƣ˫ַϣһ
ûʱˡ
ߣƿתԾ
ңѽҧƣǿסԶӰʧժȥñȥͨȹһ뿪
Զ˵ֱͨͷ˷ţѱڸǣ˭Ҳ֪﷢¡ңͷۣһ֮ƺ˼Ľ硣
ܿڽȺУ̤ţߵϣҴȥûܳԶѶϵĳʨӡ
С

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ûشҼǵأͬ
û˻شվ𣬳ڣллǰţҸûȥˡΣһȻԶ
˶٣ߵǰͷģҰɡ


95 һ
Ѯ ɫġ
һգɫã ңĻ£ڶ
ױǰѶȥƽӸ һӦ뱸 ֻǰӭסңЩ ĳ磬ϼҵѲѶ ңýþ֮ϲ ױò֡ĸѸδǰ ȴҲμҴһңĳ
ңûмԼҽˡСһ𳤵֣էһ˵Ļ ·صδʱ⡣
ˣ һ˾ȸߡ
ľƲԶǾһƻգ˿˿ĲңҲܲסңûƵĺȡ
һһ ˭Ķȣپˣ ȵҹС
ʱ̧شϣ Ҳֻ֪˯ûجج
ڶ챻ҡʱ¶  յѲ׵Ĺ뷿ϲ ϹҵĻϰڵͷ桭лûѣϱ죬һתôֻص¼գ
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ңŻ񣬱ݻԴڻָתŶü˴ͭǰҹ̰ȷʵȶˣ첻ֹ۶ˡ
ʲôȥõȷʱ仹硣ң֧ױϣһͷһߵ
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к֣̻İա
ʵۼŮѵһμԹޣô˵ҲǼ˷Ŀ¡
ԶԶ̶룬ɷǷͬѰ˼ңǶƽ棬˵ĽӲӵûǰŸ
İѾ̾
½ڵɣǰӢǸпŲһ

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·ܳͷѹӷᣬͭճжӲŮˣǿЦţЩİ
ڶγɻ飬û̫ྪϲĹͷۣɵѾ벻Լ޸ʱǺ̬ˣϲڴȻȴܸˣ㶥Ҳûÿࡣ
ȻСǵӿȥ
ӦˣСȥţҪдױֻ֮ʣ̴ңվ

ңֵܺܶ࣬·֣ô׾ͽμҴţȢǵСá
լֳһƬҪңùն·ߣѵģЦûϹʲôӦʲôױʫףǮȥҲ˼ߵңĹǰ
ʱˣѰֻϹҵĵլյ롣
ųң̴΢΢һͣͷ̡֮
ңִȸ棬ůůƻ£ֻԼֳǳʢױղ󣬽ڴȥѲӣһһ˷ׯأƽʱеء
ͥԺĿǼ״ߵЦཥңԼߵʱƺȹڰһ£ˤ̴ֿסһ⣬СϷʣţ
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̴æүʱ磬߰ɡ
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ʮ̻Դլ
һʹǫ̃ӣңҪߵ̨ϣȵһ̻ըʱ̨£̤ϽȥƽӸһ·ϣͣÿһһȼųĴ̻ʱ䶼Ҫøոպá
̴ңϸ̨վԶңǣǸʵҹ
ڵȵһ̻š
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ĨĨһüͷøأ˼Ƭ̣ң̻ЩС⣬ǰڲƽЩ̻ҲõģȥܿͻأԵȵȡ
ң˵ֻͷ
ڱͱȭǸת¸̨ããҹɫУңһ˶ٸ̨

լĶߣĵ鷿
ٳСԺ䣬ԺпôҶïڵܡң飬鷿ˣֻС鷿š
һӰӰ䣬Ѹ⣬СԺһ¡˲赹ڵأӰҿ鷿Ŵһ죬ͬȰ룬ĺš
鷿߸䣬ͣмİ칫ĵطС齣¶౦ּ򵥡ģʲô壬ӰĿ쳣ȷԥֱһ¶š
беȻԻҲо鷿ڴܻԴҪϣ˵ûôɭϣҪҵȴҲʮѡ
ǵӰȴᳵ·վڶ౦ǰվƬֽ̣һ㻭ڵľ
šաת죬ĳǽש³¶õܹ
ϷűżţƤֽװľڣһ嵽ܹǰɫ˷ʰһݾڣͷ֣ϼϲַɿش򿪾ڣͷֽҳȷϡ
һֽϲɫٳ
ſհֽҳģٳ飬ǿհסһνֽҳȡÿһŶǿհס
ͷϲԤСмˡ
ţк΢ĦĸO@תȥ
鷿ںڰУҲ֪˶ãһо۵ס
⣬һ̻ͻȻգը
ڰе˲ձ̻â¶۵Ǵױݣ׵Ĵü仨˫յ죬̻ĹâԵùˡ
һ̾Ů˱֮𣺡үʲôҸ׵ʮ
̻âͬճ糺Ӱ
һϲִ۳˪Ĺ⣬۵׽⡣
ǸʧˣûҪҵĶңڡ
Ѳʱ飬ܿ򶨣ͷˣ㣿
ңҡҡͷû㣬ͷ˾ͻҡ
г˶佣䣬ţʵԼĻ֣Ϊ֣
ȢңӽҼˣѵǾƵȦףңЦЦš
ңȢ㣡ս
ѵҲļ㣿ңص
һ̻գһը
У̻𣬿ﶼδ֣һУȫˡ
ʮ̻ȫ۵İ飬ģЩϧ
ϧ޲ˡ


96 밮
תͷ򴰿ڣ ̻شأµӰгָأ ǧã ŸЦ ֪˶٣
һЦݣ ͸ŽңһҪʹ ˣʲôĶЦı£ٺҲ᲻ġ˵ģ ġĬģ Ҫʱ̰ڳǡߣֺֺõˣ һ߲ ңȻԼû׹
֪֪Ҫȡ͢ܣ֪Ƿյھǵĸˡңش
֮⣬ ֮е¡һͻʣ߱Ȩˣ һξỻҰı
֪ͦ࣬ ʲôʱ֪ģƺҲߣⲽǰ
һֱȷֱǱң
￴ıУ ֤ĳĲ̹Ȼ𳡾ܲһʱøУ Ϊ˱İˣ ĸ飬ʱÿദʱۻûоθҲԾɻᷢʮԻһٵΪʲô
Žףθ˵ĶɶȴֻǾĲֵĽϰıģһһӵأĸڡĵŮǳǰóˣͬʱû̫ǿıӵı׼ܽ˶ĿҲܴ׵Ϣڡͨ硣
ĪլǰҹʳǾ仰㹻֤һС
ֻǵʱǶûġ
ϱһ˲ص̫ûκһ֤ݿָԶڷյǱ˰࣬Ҳûܼһ档
ңֻȷһ·Ϣݴ鱨˿ָⳡ̻ʢ£̻·Ĺ滮˵ݣмѭȻԣó⣬ʱĵǣ弤/ӽ£ڳңԡĻȻϿжԽθİݺ˲Ҫ࣬ÿһڻõˣҪɹǱȷҲˣյ޷˽θе̻šθĸ鷿ܣֻһܹǺɵɡ
ֻ֪յйءʱҹߣ˼࣬ʱȴֻм򵥵һ仰
ʲôʱҵģ
ңЩĬദӵһμִ򣬹ͬзת
뻳ԼԶӪݣ鵽ҵֲ鵽ƽصϢ͵ϣԲԸյйأѹεģȴһ֡
ȡңش
ԶðͳϢǸŮˣͻյʮһȡ
һ֣һݣ֤ʲô
Ȼ綼֪ǲӡǿõʮ֧֣ɱضƽ߱Ȩ
ʲô⣬ʮһֻζѡ
ңͷ͵ЦˣԶĳЩɻʱһɻ޷ͣ磬û˻ᶮ
ʱ䣬ҲʮһŸոսʶֻǵĺϵʲô㹻յϵ
ʵһֱղţҶϣ鷿ˣ㡣ңûнɻֻ
ȻɣĻڴֻҪûۼ֣ҲǵĲ²ͶǼٵģվ
ĳ֣ҿݣͬʱȥʱۻĸ飬ƬΣˮĻ䣬Ȼһһƹ壬һ棬һš
ⳡʮֻ̻ʢĻԡ
ӣҵʧףң˲
ڳһˣҳŵǼٻֻüĿ䣬ԳǷǼٵģĸΪҰھףǿдǷšȴƽϢĸѲأҸûĵ꣬Ƕһزȥû˽ĸ׷Сĸ׵ĶӣҶ޷ʲôָԲƽһҪȥҪȨƻȥ
Ȩƣ年ᣬǵңۡ
ۺܱˡ
ĳŵԼһ㣬ңԸԷġ
ұھΪʮ꣬һͷƽûһϯ֮ءڳռ鱨յʮѪƾ˻ڶƽ㡣
յڷ鱨ʶģʮύΪյҲ˶Էεʮ󣬾ԷĽס
ֻҪܵͼܴս˵صƽҪĶ̤ƽı
ԣΪĸף¡ң̾ȴֱǰ֣㣬˭ңĸТңļ˾͸ΪТ˳᣿֪ʧȥеͼҸǶμǺεֽ٣ｫҩ͵ҸʱֿҸף
񡪡
һ̻ڿգճңɺۡ
ֻջأԲ𡣡
²֪ʱѾƽһһ̻⣬ⲢЦЦѵˣ޻˵Ҫץң
ңվԽߵǰ˵أ
ű򿪣վˣҲŹ/֣޵һ֣ңͬ衣ûֱָ֤ȵֻһϵΪ֤ݣԸԼʮĺӻᱳѣʱңıһֻ֣Ϊ׽
ӣɣҪ㡣֮𣬳ɱ
ʼ磬гһ״־ܰߵңԣɹƤЦ飬ƴǰÿض㣬ɵĵǸ
һǸңδ񣬾/䶸
˪аصĶ̽Уֱǯסңж׼ңʺ
ң󾪣ȻΪʱӡ
ֻв֣鷿˵ȾЦĮٹС˶£ұ
Ƭ̣Ȼ֣˺
쵰ңһ߼ŭһ˸
Ծûֻв

ʮֻ̻һϢģڴӭ׵Ķ飬ԽθԺû֣İ˼ʱθźȻһƥ۶רĵطɱ
ŵģ½ڵ뱻§ڻǰȴȫ޵Ů
ʲôʵӭ׷
ոǲ⣬ʱХ
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ХܶǰվʧļУЦԵʮᡣ
ңδ̫Сˡһʮֵҷ˴𣿡
ңһתͷȴȻԶմһװը죬űǴ
ʮ̻һ䡣§øˣƯնˡûͬ˵᳤ĳС
׽Ӷ𣬲ֹһطǹͱⷿ
ңȻʮ̻ڲ͵ĽڣĿ겻ֹĵͼֽӦûбģⳡ֣ǡǡ˳ңܻ  㿴׷ˡЦ⣬צ¶ǣңֱš
Ų֪ʱѱ˿ƣзİ̻Ŵ󿪣ޣڲ»ͣɱ˳š
ҹƣХңǣĿããҹɫİһ죬ɱø죬Լɱ˰ʱʱ䣬Աַ߲ɳ۳һȺˣ˻ϣûֻǱ˴˵ͷֳĳ򼲳۶ȥң֮£һ½ýŮ˳Цġ
ѾǣΪλңû֡
ûƭ㣬ҲǸģΪ㱾ҴĿ֮һЦţǰδе
ʲô˼ңͷŭ
ͬ˵ЩˣͲܻͷһʼҲ֡ǵĻ񣬻ضƽٲ
ңʧԣֵֻԣҴضƽҲܺá
ȥŭ
֡庢Ӱ㱧ͷ£䣬༡¼ܰ㡣
ңһﲻȻ䣬ɳȻ죬˱
˻뾪ͬʱ𣬶ζʱңڵأȻ죬Ҳ⣬ûӦ㵹ңˤҪȴһƿ
ۼңҪϣ֮䣬̣֮ҹӰӹڰսңߺ⻮£֮⡣
ңȱţվ棬ֻҧгݵ֣磡
ҲСˡв֣ܽһܣ
شģңðź
θ볤ıļмơ


97 ʮ
һأ ̶ľ뽥ǵ⽣Ӱ˻˺ȵĻ涼¹·ҵƬңޱؿΧͷ䣬 ѪĿŨŨҹɫ̸Ǳ˻Ƿŭ޶ԣľʯ
Ľܲ͸磬ԶĵطĳҵӰ䣬 ֻңŵ׳վţҲˡôˣһڵǰȻ۾գһ¡
Ů˼ߴ廰мźԭ Լٻͬ鳷ˡڴ˵ȻǾ ҲѹԷԷһսˣ ҲѶԸ
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ʮ̻İĻˣǶദһƬֻ֮У ңòʰ̯ӣ ץץˣ ðİˣ ýҲһһˣ գǿƺ
ȡģֹĵľеͼڱܱͼ ӦղԼͶ״;еͼһ˵ߵǷݲͼǼٵġң˶ദϢԡʮ̻ΪĲУٵɰȼ һжϳҪֵĵط Ԥ˰ţǻûյ̫ 龪һ
ȻվǧԲ㣬 ǵԤ֮ڡĺ֣ ⳡģζ˭Ҳ֪ ·׼ʱ併ⳡڻܡ
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Ѯ콥ȡμѾлãָ̬׵ĶվμҴ⣬̧ƹɲĶýһ·ר˶ĴߣʮעĿμѾΧֵİա
ӭŵϡ־ֻæ˵϶ԷڣⲽϹְԶǰȢμ
Χ۰һƬ־ˡ
Զ֮ڳ˵İĴ굽Ըʶ޳֮ͽٵ踺ǱӪӢۡһľ˵һҪʡһԱ󽫣ֵʥ˼νȥعԻ͡
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ûͷۣҲͷۣԶȡᡣ
վĸ׵ĽǶ˵ԶļԼ򵥣Ȼûд󸻴󣬵Ͻ Ҳͦãʺ˼ң ң޹ȥǳ㣻ΪȻû˵ŮķۺϿҲȲϣ ֻƲӵ̸ ˣϵŮòס ϹʣﲻĻҲû
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լռլһ԰̨ͤ¥ɡӪ콳ͼֽչͼֽ͸ңʣӿʲô뷨
ͼֽǰլģЩעīδɣӦ֮ǰҪ޸ĵĵط
ңľͺá
ʧЦȽǲ˫ۻصȷҵģҪҸĵ㲻⣬ĪԹҡҾ˽㣬Ҳ㸹гӣһˣס˳ĿǺãͷֵҪסһӵĵطͲã㲻ס̹ڣ
ңֲҼңԽ޴ҡȻʮͬĻңӡ
αתߵҾ͸ǣլͰͼ滮ˣ¼ɡ
û˵꣬ͱңס
ҿˣ档ңһתֵ˵ģ⣬ί
ôС۵ˣ練ס󣬽߰ɣл˵زҴţֻţҪֻᣬԵ߾㡣
һۣĻӦֻܹţһξ뺰磬ƽ黨ԲƽԱߵСټӸ¯ңС·̫࣬ҲϲҲҪĵ
һߣһ߶ͼֽңĻûٹ
˵ûڣڻǰͽ滮Լ̹ģùԹ
һ·ϣңҪ󣬳ǲϳĵط޶լ⣬լͨͨ˵ȻŴ̫ңСɹúͨͨЩۣ˷ܵģһ˿ϱûûε죬񱻳Ĳ֪˼伲ĺӣԼԱһ˿뻹Ķ

һ죬ңڽլӰԼ¹滮ϣµľӪ콳ʦ£ͼֽٸĿһ飬ȷޣԼ¡
ң·˵һ׮
мġ
ţң˯˺ǻӦ
С˿˿ƣи˯
չС̺Ӵ䣬ˡҸ٣ȢҪ֣լؽҲҪˣҴЩ˽޹ԺҲð֣ĥڳɻǰһˡ֪޳ֻܽ㣬ԼˣպЩɺã
ã⵱Ȼˡ
ңһ۵ʲôɲõģֲǺ۵£ңһ㺫˿ɾȫҵϲѡ㲻Щȫҵߣ
¡΢ͷҧҶģοǡ
һ仰˵ңƤ̣ɿŤͷת磬죡
治˵ЩǰֻڴϲŻ˵Ļꡣ

⣬ңĻٴڳĻⲻͬһ⾰Ȳ䶨Ϣ󣬸ҹһصķģ͸ִͳƵϾʣϾڹٳϻˣʥ˽ȻּңּɹϵУμ̳ǬһģĻ±ܳ͢෽עû뵽󾹶μίʵ˴۾
ͬʱڷ׷ײ²μģòϾȺλſضǸò˫Ů˲ŵ
֮кõģҲлģҲб궼Цġ
ңֻЩЦ¾ͽæµ˳⣬ùܺլ뺫˵Ĳ
ϵҲزң֪ط֣Ǵ޵Ĺôǰһֵĸ

һȥľµĴҲƽֻɭϡԶװܸ磬δЩĻ䣬ʱձ㽫ȫڳϣܿڳվȽŸһ·
³ʱִּСŮϢԷǼѷеǸŻǰ;ꡣ
ңյϢʱèɸ̾һ֮
ǡҹ͵°Ƥȥ˺СñţԱߣڼ˺ü׽ЩԸƫִ㽫㸮Уִӹλֻĥӣܵüϡ
ѹ֣ûϢң˿ͽֵζá
ŻǸǧѡµģԷȻвŷƣеҲǸº֮ˣź¡
ˣóԲꡣңҪ⣬ֹĶֵǺ£¸ȴƲ硣ͬ£ԹԳޣ
ͬ⣬Ѿˡ㶪̴֣µ߹ҵͨ紦ֵͬҲûɣôҲֲͷϣǡ
˵Ƿħӣ᲻ףңͻ롣
ۣⶼ²죿
ңвĿ²֨ȴ̲ס룬ͼˣ
Ųš

᲻룬ңڱһϢѹ»ˡڼޱȸףڽǧѡĻ¡
Ҳãȥˡ
ֻһ֤ưոݣȢ޻֪ΣֻһΪ·ѱռȥԶΨһﻮҲѾ뿪ʲô
˭²
£ﴫϢʥٶȲಡ齲
ңŵʱ쳣͵ġ
顣
ϼһ̣Լ
Ըķ䣬ްɡ


101 
ͬȹ ͬ꣬ⳡܵȫĿĻûʮֵ̻ӭ̣ һдӼ򣬶ңҪǴֻҹ͡
ݱĸ Ͻ ңʮ꣬硣
򵥵 ˳˳ǸͰϲҪɹլԺվͨͨϸѡģİ
¹Ⱦ԰½ȻԲ̣ ˵´Ӽ򣬵е ñľ޵ϯʮ࣬ Ķ׺ѣ ֽ౻ã Ըһݡ
ݹңȻһµӡ
ͷкͣ˶Ƶóո˼ˣ 磬 üۺЦ 鶼дϣȫǴǰ䡣
͵ЦԶԶһţ졣գңң͸ȥξߣô򵥵ĻҲҪңȶ֧˯
ƺû̫ʱ䣬ͷȻһ쳣ĳ֣Ů˵ڱ͵ĻЦУͻأ񣬾⣬ҴٶæҵĽŲͬʱƺҪǿ˿·ңЩ棬綯
⶯ԽԽ·۳ҪŶ룬ȻһʵȻסˣҲңһæߵſڣܿ𣺡ɸ״ָ
֡
һң֪Ǻˡ룬ˣô̼
һһſϣҪ̽ȴȴͻȻƿһӰ뷿Уһס㵹ϸһ߽Źؽ
ãȴҲʡˡ
ͻȻ˵Ҫ㣬ûá§վֱʱ͵
˵ĻָֻûУ֪ôţ嵽
ǲģһָ֣ôеֽͷۡ
ңʼ磬Ļߵĺͬʳԣֻ
ʢױյ
װҪɹˣǺ֮ˡң˿ٺҧһСڳ£һƣ˾£һֻ´
ϲ磬ÿ
ûȾƾˣ˵ʲô£һһ꣬ԤкͬľʳԵ䣬ԼҲꡣ
ûɢ㲻ȥӦꣿңԼι뱥Ͱտ꣬˹ƣһƸһԼ𣬺˼һ¡ͷˡ
ͷзкţҲȥˡ֮һա
ңѾȥϴжȥױ䣬Ҫƴ̴֣ȴء
Ұ㡣ױǰ¡
㣿ңͭ
ͭճˣɫ续
绺ͷСȡټصڣֽ⿪ӧȡᣬῪ
ᷢĶᣬĦͷƤʵ̹üɫɳۣ۵緽֣Լ䳤ȡ»ڣɢ䣬ִױƵİ룬ͷȡһߵСһԼķ䡣
ڸңͭ￴һĻ
һƷͬ䣬Խ֮ңС
ӧᷢͷպ£֣סж˷˿Ľҡ

ҹȥϯɢžµƻյٵŮŴ˸ǷڷС˵Ļ
Ｘûж
ңϴ£ȥֻۣ֬ɿ˯ȹſڴϰѱƿɨѱĺԲӣǵĶͨͨ׵Ժ
ડϴͲȱŹԲüʲô
Ȼ̴׼˯ңڴϼһ飬ûٷʲôգתأֱ硣
سĳڳ˿ɫ󣬿ҡҷ
/翿ʱңͣӽܲŴ˵㣬תȥ
΢ۿƬ̣תֻҪ/
Ȱˡ
ŲЦ۾жж໵
հ죬¡
Ҳһ콻¿㣬ķɫɽ󣬻䣬¶˵ıңĬֱ΢ƣͷ
ǿûתͷû
ĿΣԼѱ͸
ǡһµ˺ۣ
΢ָȻĳĦţǳµˣ
˸ˣ˺ίʵª翪ڣɳͣۡס֡
Ӧøҵġ
Ϣ΢٣Ҫͣȴϣ˵ҲҪתͷǳͷ˭㲻˵
ָ𴦻ȥỺͬҧõܣͬǽ˽δƤ֮ʵץֹס
ңЦ
粻ֻǵͷ
ͶˡңԼ͸ˣڱ𣬱յö֮
ָ֮ļᷴڿңЦԽ޼ɵ۸ʵˡʹ졣
湻𣿡ҧڡ
شģȴǶϴһϢȻߣƴǴ˿㲻ԣ̣ƣ̵ʱ
˱ָۣٶȴʱȻתһ§סµȥҧгݵ߱**Ϊ㶮
ɰˣûǣ̻Ⱦʢ
£ȥɫ

˼˯Ůѣŷڶζ
̴ѾңͳѾͷĴ£պùѲӣһŮŶǽϵģɷ˵˺һ¡
ʲô͵𣿡̴ѹɤȥȥȥȥﲻǷˡ
СѾͷ£̴ŭۣŽעڻƺûʲôҲ֪Ѿͷʲô̴⣬վһЩɴĘ͵һ𣬽һ
صӰϣűнض
̴˿Ƭ̣Ȼɿתֱ̫ˣ̫񻰣»ͷһҹô̼
߻ߵͺ·ϵֵѾͷߣҳȥҪ
֮أЩСá

ﶯСŴһҡá֨֨죬Ҳͷӱð봹صңһ㡣Ҳ֪òϢģ콥ͷӰһΪ
ңƽţа׻ļβʣۿڴβˡλ޵ǰӢƤ໹䣬żҶһշ죬·˴Ӿק
ȾָɵĿУţԳЦ˲˽֪ܲ޶ˣ͸ʲôƤǸʹ죬𣿺װʲôɸˣ
ű¶С⣬ȾޢĽֺű΢̵ľƣ̲֪֪ǷΪųжʱյĹϵմȾ˼ֳκϢᣬѧݵ̬
ղһüǸˡ
ңЦøЩ´ױǰµİƴϻ򿪣ͷǸŹһһװ˾öҩ衣
ڳʲôҩʵ
ҩʴС۵ģ̵ζˮ£ŷһ۲˵أ
һͨɫȥϻҩ裬ϱٰһ飿
ǵҲڷҩΪϱµĺң˸Ƿҩŷġ
ϾǰصĹȥ˭֪ᷢʲô˺ӱǣ壬ʱ³ѣ׼ôҪӣ˵ɡ
³ԵҩͲҩҩֶ簴סϻҩԡ
Ҳԣб±ңңüб£Ҳػѣò׳ףðЩȤһ
û£̡ϻһأֽС
Ŷộңˡ
ɫδԾ֪ˡӻ˴ϡ
һֲ֮ʱˣңɴۡ
Σ⡭İ취
Щ룬š
ҪûסǺã
Ǿ͵ӡ
ɣһˣ
ңˣôҲǺǱ˯ˡ



102 ڶ
ʱ֣ ң»ͷҹϢƽ
ǾúصŮ˭Ҳû翪ͷⱲӺô


һ ܵסĴòʮˣ а취֣ңֽϻһ ͷ صģ ൽ״ҹͳԲˣ ֻԵŪǶȥ ճ˯ ²֪
һ硣
ңۣδλ ʲôþ
ⶼĵģ ͸ɵľɴ룬 бµӰӣʱȻ磬 һŮûֻ֣п˾һǽɢȥϢ
ңʶ㽥Ȼմ£ ͵ؾѡҪݼų ȴ˯磬 Ҳ֪ᱻڸ æҪ ֻˡ
类ѣ ֻһ۷죬 ˵ʲô
ʱˣҪݼšԺƱ֮ȴıۡ
սֱۣø̾ʲôţųݼ
ңųԼ˻ҡһѻָӵݣּҰҳʣĳ
լͷ󣬰˯ɡ£̻ػ
ɳƣ繹žбζ¶˾δ£һң衣˯ˣ֣Ҫ
类ֵҲ˯ţۣȾģħ㶢ң𣬱˫㿴ʲôҪˣ
ۣšһ£ҿǲΣֵ
ʲôΣңʡ
ȢˡԾɲ㡣
ңݺšһֱۣ˰ɣûУ㼸ˣǰʮü˰ɣ
һϷƸðͷʧ䡣
һĥȵ˸ȻѾ硣

ֺһڣȺԡ£Ѿͷʰǽ壬͸һ
ңϴһͷʪױǰߵ緹߷䵹ǺСҩ衣ǵȡ˳ַˡ
˭ҷҩϻˣ˰ûţֻʰѾͷǺװŰ˿ҩϻӡ
ѾͷǷ׷ҡͷΆŷżصˣˡ
ɵۣɢŷȻʳһɳѾͷĬ˳ȥңյƾβҶ
Ķ㣬һ׮첻ִܹȰһ첻ҪӣҾͲ㣬ҩ㲻ܳԡʵڲģȥ̫ҽû˳Եҩ
һ¶ϣϢûִҪ벻ҪԿɣңΪˮ۵ȥģ̴棬ֻʱ˭ûԭ򣬼Ϊʱڴ˼ۣζɿڡ
˵ģңûټ֣ҡһذɡ
ͷʳѾںãѾͷ룬ң޼䡣
̴˲ˣңۣ˰
ң⻰̫ԣֵ̫֣ܹܸëһ죬ڨЦŹȥˡ
̴û˵ֻһ밾ŨŨ˵ǰ
ˮһҩζҲ֪úңü̴һݸ磬ͷɫԼ벻ͬҪҺĻ
̴ͷƤЦⲻЦӣ붼ǽصóϵģˮɾѣǲ׳ģȷҪ
ȡңεؿ˿ȣûٿ
ɾ̴ԽӺôЩ᲻£Ҳͷҹ̴͡˵һ˵ȥǶģˣȥţҲûÿɼǰ۵òᡣ
֪ˣһע⡣缫ѵõرһѾͷ˵ôΣ䶼ˡ
ң̴⻰˵ʰɣôԽˡ
ΪԸ⣿լλµ㣬Ҳֲʲô֪Ѿͷ졣̴Цӵңŵʱҵĸһᣬ͸ֹ
𣡱Ұ˵ҪǴ϶Уң׼ûùӳԣæ֣֪ң̴Ұɡ
̴˺ߣþգ˶ʢ˷ֶ䣬˳ӣ˶÷
Ѿͷȥŵ
춹İˡңЦ
ǸĵѾͷѵõĻ磬´ᶨƵվߣɲñš
ˣȻǺõġͷ˼£ۣΰð𣿡
麣ң޵ˣסԺʱδɻ
麣ңЩǸΣ֮ǰΪĹϵԶãľګĬĸԣԼȡʲôÿÿҲվԶԶûԽ֣Լ飬û¾ƵԶԶδ̫Ѫʱἰֺֻһ㣬оЩãü΢ôˣҲҲôҺĹϵ
ҲҪó̤ĻᶼУۣĪᲢۡƽطҽἰֻǼǸ˲ţеϧˡݹ߸Īլյı֣ףֻԴչȭչûıǰ̣
Բ𡣡ңǸ硭ͬ˾˽֮ʱ麣ᣬֵӦ˾˺úչ֮࣬ɳһһʳһͷ⣬Ҳ˱ġǼ壬һû塣
ҲԺУʱ˴˶˰ɣ
ûǳСصյڳлĺ̫࣬ЩΪ֪İӿΪֹƷյ֣Ҹר˾˴򽻵ˡѡ»ûǺˣ¶ԷĴƫ裬룬ҪǺ˲źãŵùĺ˲ңŵùģ͸ˡ
˼ǡ£ңðտꡣ
ͷû壬ǵС
壬ȢӣҲص޶ΪĹϵɼպǰ;ҲȸҪáңһͨ
ʵиĺôܱ֤İΣҲȱһڳԴܱʳݣҪȫЩȨףûҪ𰸣ȥоϰɣÿЩѾ£ǱмѡһΡ
֪ˣҸʱң·ϣ磬л
лʲô֪ҲǺһǴŰ麣ߵͷ練
ˣҲˡң
Եף˽˽ģ޷ƼˣʱҲиĺ֪ҲҪʹ죬ԼȥĿҪߵ˴ȣȫ֮ǳ˵Ŀǳ嶯¡
䣬ѵģ˫ȫ֮
ԸģԵ飬麣Ҫл˿չԼʵ麣ǡ
ЦЦּԳԳԣͲٶˡ
ͳԱˣʳңЦ
һӶصĲɫ̴İţȻøйҲζ̴ɱΣҲҪЩ˶
֪ʡбһۡ
ңЦˡ
ϣɫһ䣬ȫŨĻʳ̴Ŀ뷹
ϯ֮ʱ̴߶
ˡǸС
ⲻ

Ŵ飬٣ĶҲûȥֻڼң
ͷָֽûţԱݣϲûסǵþԷ׷ףֽùǺ
ջţίʵ̫͵Ҳڻ㹦ųʢشңҡ
ʲôңżզ౧Թ
Ȣʱί˼Ůֻܻʱֺֺá
ֲ⣬οҪɵסңɾ׳ɵ̫ˣֹɣСҲʮ⣬ѹ
㲻⣬ĸ;Ҳ⣬ͷɨسſǺãͬ˵Цɷ
ȥɺãЦص
һʱ䣬Щ޶ζ

Ź˱ʵڼС
ңһؿνƴլͷûźСɽţǴչȭ֮æأŸˣѡι¡պҪլ±޷ڳ̫ʱ䴦ǰףҲҪá
ѾǰڳĹ飬ټϸֶԼһģֲַӸ棬ֻܣԼмеζ̶̼ѾլԺ׵
һգҾɲãһˣǳֲͳ԰
ʱϷ㣬Ĳö࣬ңԱ뼸һ÷̴ֽȡ̳þ԰ȴЩ֮Ϊѵؿ硣
˵԰ңҲʶĪլ֮º԰ٲСңҪһҲرܣȴ֪Ϊ֧
ɣɩӵĲˣҺȴܸˣӣϱӴδйл˵زţɩ֮䣬ûʲô˵ġ
԰ô˵ˣּңʢȴ¶һֻۣ£̾ϣǶƽϢƽѾӻضƽˡ
⻰һϯ䳡
԰ưɣ˵˵Σ


103 ľѳ
ˮ ɪչͲʰת䡣ƽһĹͬҲ볤ͬ ͥԺûʯȣ ַм־ӪĲãȻǶƽӰ칫֮ءƽˣ ֻһλ޲ ߼ҵģǰɵļ檣ΪಡƾӶǵƫԺ ²
ȥ⼧Уүĵʮӣ¸ Ǹӣöƽϲ լۼ仯뵽£ 仯ǳˣ ȴС޹ء
Ȼ󲨵ģ һֱΪӱڳĶƽӣھĸµ֮ Żˡ
һ֪öʧֲ֪жϲ
ǿֶ飬 һµˣ ˶ƽҪĶû֪ģ ˫ַͻʵĽʱ֮λٺھǴƽҲû䡣
ɳٻزȥˡ
˺أڴʮղµأ˰£Żָ߰˳ɡΪĹϵƽƫԺǨأٳճӡ
ļչ¶˸棬㵹ĶƽŮ˭ЦһͬʵķֱӱͻصϢݵϣЦٹҲסԴҴһ˷䡣
һأա
ӳƽô죬ҲҪʮʱ䣬ʮǰϢ
ѳɴľѳۡ
ߵߵ⴫ţӦǰܴĺ
һֶûС
ŵû𣬳Ƭ̣űƿһƷӿ룬ŷдϰ߻谵ۣŭ𡭡
˵Ļ˵һ룬ڼŵʱȴ븹УɿתͷȥƢĸôˣ
ǶƽŮˣ˶ӣûǣҡ
ƽʱֻǼܲסʮĴĥͳ걻ʹ࣬˵ӱͿգɫãҲס⣬ü۵׾ǳࡣ
Ȼʮûһֱδϣοĸģ
һؾͰԼڷ죬̴һûýӣŽգ߻谵žǺȿյľ̳ǽڵϣϵѻǰ紩ףõֱߡƽʰּѱݺֻԼɼ֡
ͷǽϣֱ˫֮ϣϲĹˡ
֮ǰģӣƽ£
ȥÿĻļ飬бض벻һ֣Ǻʲô£Ǳһ׮׮һ޾ϸ͸Щ֣ܹμģǸɰСӡ
¶ʱƫԺأǿŸȥƽţֻڳܰã㲻ضƽһӸˣҲǺõģȴ֪ˡ
ôܲ˵ػȻزȥˣǹҲˡ
šҲϲġۣܿ촹ͷͷϣֻҺϲΪҪϲ
֪ƽĺԣۿһ죬 㣬㲻áûضƽġ
Ī޹ء˫̧ͷȥĸۡ
ѡѣѡͲܻͷôʹҲҧ£ƽǿ߻Ѩݲ°
ȥңǵзѡ
ڡ

Ѱɢ˴Σȴ˶ꡣԡƽӡĸһϯȫ֪ңĻڳ׵洵ΪȫЦ˱ͷɡ
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Ҳ֪ΪΣǰܻἰֹ֣ںͶƽص£û˸ǰᣬƺ´¡
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δ̸׶ģ
ģһġ
ԣܻʲô
ӻ˶ƽȻأ翴԰ı飬ȻһЦʱ鱭վǣͷֽձݸң
ٺЩмԣƴ̼ëҪˡңȻԸ˾ƣﶣû١
ëһͷ֢ˮδϣǰ;ֺ֢״ͲȬһ¡ң»飬ϤģȫŶȳɻ鱻һһ
ãȡͷûб˵Ĳã෴ˣֳ԰˵ɩӵĻˣҲܶȣȰƣ⡣
԰۶ֱˡųɻղϷ޵ĸоô£
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ɲǣ˸绹Ǵˣ˵ƽʱӴ򲻳һƨܱɩɨ´˽졣
ˣҺɩӴģңһۣ
Ĳ˰ɣ㻰ࡣ԰һڲˣתƻ⣬ǻ˵°ɡ
ңȤЦװŭҲ֮Ц⡣
ƽϢû
£ֻǹ¡

ҹңϴϣױǰ磺ӻضƽ£ο
̫ãȻ˽·ŹҲ˳ӻضƽɾڹͬʱ£ʥͻȻһͲ£ҰµĹעʥϣֱ˶׷Ҳ׷ƽ
񳤰ľƱȥ껹ȵʥ˲ಡ齣µĴδдָΪһϴһܹڣȺʧףԽ
ܻӻضƽҵλδ֣ƽ࿴Ķһصƽ㲻ȢͻҲ֧֡ҰģزưոݡδһսҲգҲҲãʼձ޿ɱܡ³ߵ󣬻
ݻɽô£ĳ˶ƽضȡңص
Ϊûƽ㲻£ǰ䲻ÿɷֻƽˣֻϻСĲ𣬵ʶǻƽͬսպգߣȵѡʥ˼λһвǳʥˣųɾ档ƽӶƽƴֻȺʱҷŻ㣬ΪȥٻӮЩᣬҡ
ƪû˵꣬ͻȻҿûȼȭ죬ǿţǺֻ۽⿴ңЩ顣
ң֪ŶģëǷˡ
粡ˡ


104 Ϧ
Խȣ ͿȵԽëӹһָƫƫңһԶţֲԸ⳨˿ȣ ζʮָӡ
ң۶ǡ̵ʱ顣
ë˲ȴİⲡ˵᲻ᣬ ˵زأ Ҳʲô֢궼 ȻҪҪϸ£ һֱӵ졣
ּΪë ҽ˸顣ֻһ仰̥첻㣬 βˣֻܿƽʱõ֢ɼᡣ
ģ˵ ûٵԼ
ңԹһᣬŰֱߵˮ˹ȥ䲻ȵصǹȼܰˣ
ҡҡͷ
ʲôңĿЩЦ
ʱ̬͸ĺû˲ҪţҪѵ
ҡˮѹºĸֹ 뻹ǿڣ ѵģ Щġ
ʲôңԽЦ  ʲôĲܲˣЩë Ҳ֪ģ
ҲЦˣӸĨԺĺ죬ȥ̴Լ߻ش齱ߣվڴϿƬ̣Լı챧Ǳң佻̴Ѽ˸ҳԸĳ嵭ʳȥζõС򣬼סֻҪС򡣡
ϱӳͷһ꣬ǸǢʱ֪ëﵣĵòУȻּ֪ҽ飬ǲģĴֹȵƫڷó֢Ĵҵʺ粡֢ķӡζøСȻᣬıȸǿܶĲ֢ټճʳƣĿȻܸΣƺܶࡣ
Ⱳմ˴ǰĹ⣬·ңĴ
籧űߵ£ⷬŲסĿ⽺ңϲ
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ԣ͵óԣģͽͷȥңӵģ޺һְҲң˼زˣˡֲ֪ƣԵȡ
̴Цˣӳڻƻ˸ˣ࣬Ҳ֪ˣɾȢ㣬ĸ
޶ˣԼˣɲóЩң˿ÿҪôޣ˾ͺúùӣζδ
׳ĿһĿʱǷ۰ƺϵϢΪһ塣
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ˡֲ֢ˣȥʲôͷû˷̣һҹ﷢ȣȿˮ޴ˡңߵ
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һģ̴ĶҪǸǧٿˡ

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ңķԸ纬һŨŨ˸࣬ʡңϨ˵ɵ࣬绻ߣԤҹиʣ÷չ
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⸾ˣֹǣڱͷ㲻ʵղŻ˵Ҫ裬ôͲˡ
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ǣθʧãӱֺá
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໰㶼ؽµϸ

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ңһͷ̵úܣæǸšǹˮȡ˼ﱸӦҩιˣԼԱţڵңæ̴ȥζС
ģһ롣
룬簲࣬԰׵ңæЪᣬȴңشϡ
ץҩһȣÿһģովȫˣʣ¿βͼšңó嵭Ĳˣÿն˶ţԳһɫżЩɫڶûͱңһ񵲻ȥҲٳԣңԱ߻ٳһ׷߶졣
СӾţ˾£Ĳңĵ½ǾڵҲȫ
Ѿ붬̿ůů𣬳ľδȶƽִµϢƽء
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105 ѳ
ѩͣ ͷ캮ض࣬ȴΧ¯ʱڡϸʳһ£ ңҲɿڣ硰իڡ ܹȾƳ⣬ֵﱼ
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⡰Ŀ࿴Ǻû
ϣģֻһ¼ҹˣ֪ʲô
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һٷԵñʱңһ컨׹ƨңֱЦȥϯɢѰ಻סңʣôˣ
Ȼңڷϣû̫ԣҲԾˡ
𿪣𵲵һҪæңָʰ䲻˵š
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磬ɻ֮ʱӦʲô˵ҳҩǲãأңۿͨؿ
ǣҲãɡҲί˵õֶζùˣڴ/ţҲ̫ҽҪ˷ӳҩȻܱ֤һʧ£Ҳίʵ̫ˡ
ңԽԽͷȡɻнᷢСһæҪֹۣлú˵嶯
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ң˼·ߣĺӡ޿ָժĺӦûƯɣ۾ƵͫʣŴһգЦʱô룬ܲ
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ԡԲ𡭡޲ðﲻ
ڴأЦض˵ʲôû
Բ˰ɡң͵̧ͷ㲻Ц
ȴԽЦԽֵŶֲ֧
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̫ˡ
ȴһֽϣղҲͨˣǲ硭ǾҪӰɣӽտʼŬΣ
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ؽƽңæµ⣬ҪæŸԼðҲ١ְâʢ߶֮Ҳˣңͷˣæòɿ
ʮһµףִּ⡣
λһԾΪλֻһ֮ңλعºλߣ֮׵ƣʮӼ£ⴢ֮λٶ˾޴
ͨʾ£ĳԽˣΪ뺫õңҲܵСעĿ
ңʮ꣬ʵæµ


106 ֮
ʥ࣬ ɳȥ֮⣬Ļȴࡣʺ󲢷Ǵ֮ˣӪȨƣΪλкţ Ϊ̫· ں󹬲֪ݱˣ ûг̥еı㲻ˣ ЩδزĻӣǺɵجΣ һڹšŮƽĻ
ôƽĻܹҲ ʥжɣ ǻλǼֵܵɱеģ ԼҲ 缸ʱȦʮһӣ ߻ȥƫԶأ ʣµķ̫ӡһޱûвСʮڳ
񣬷̫һȥ󱦵ƺֻʣһˡӴҰģȴǸխر֮ͽ ̰ͼȨƸ Ϊ֮ŵ¡ʮף кں֣ ĺͯҲɲ˴£ ǡ
ʥ˲ಡ֮ã ½ϣ ޷֮ˣ ÿնëƤ֮³òɿʵͷۣⴢסһ鷿ˮĴ̾
պķÿʵ٣罻õɾҲǽ곯¹󣬾鷿ƫڳ̸ʱ¡
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ݹʱ֣˭Ϊڶ˿ڣֻ⻰û˵졣
ȥҪɱͷġ
˵ʥ⽫ߵٻؾУʱҲ֪档
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⻰˵ͷһҪڣȴߵűƿңʳ΢΢һЦ
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˵ҲǵĻشֻתͷ˿ңңһ˼ؿԼüĿѯңֻЦЦٸ˱ơ
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һһɡĿԶˣ͸䣬ƺصǰһΪ㣬һ롭ҷλʹ궯߽ѰˣҵҶʮ꣬ȴ㱨⣬ҲΪһɵ棬Ҳһ֮øһԾҵҵ»ʮ꣬ΪһϸĵʱңѰף
ңţĬòŵ磬Һ񡭡еϲˡ
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ֻҪһǣձãԸЩңסҧסһਡ
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ᴩȫѸߣĴǵ٣˫۽룬ǽգ˫ȾϺΣɿ찴סֵԴǶ£Ĵʵʵ
ڼ䣬ֻңһԴ͸֮
ʲôʲôɸ䣬鶯
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ǳ죬Ϣɼ٣ۣ/Ⱦ͸ǡ
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ңߣ˼£Ҳûõ⣬鷿˼ˮܻŭ
ңҵţţ
ʲôˣȫǹʺˣ˭ӲֻأлŮЩ֮¡

ҹжƽء
϶ƽزΣǰްš
˳¼λΪ


107 Ļ
ƽ ǧ
׵ĵڶͷѵõ˶ƽλ Ҳĸžۣ һضƽ֮ʱƽӦްţ Ȼδɣ ⱲӵıҲźȥͷǣ ˵ Ҳȫǻ£ֻǲ֪½Σ
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ңֻչʲôҪڳҲûʲôã󰲿Խˣܰǵ˼ˡǱ볤ȡҳݻٻദ¥Ҫ⳥һ׮׮ǣϵʥ˿á
ϱӣþǴʹƽսˣⱲѾǰõ˶ƽλ۾׹ϵսˣչҲֹһһλȿڳ岢
΢Ц׵ͷ쵽ǰңط¸ȥ
ģ߱
ȷһЩĳʱƣûҽ֮ʲԣֻ׾Ҳ֪˵öԲԡңʵʵ
̸ģֻ۽ͼʶøԶһЩøЩȴٸ뷨ڼʱۻ磬δͳһ
ԣԽԶ۽Խظ֪ͻ֮ͬһ˵ľΪǳͷ
Ҳˡ˵Щп
ռʱңﻹǸչǵСѾͷֻ۸׻۳嶯ʲôдϣһףתȥ࣬û˴ǰë꣬վں¸ѾΪơ
ңЦЦ
ʮ꣬˰ˣܲ

࣬һգӿȶ컹֣ң¯ӹִҴҸȥ̽
ңѾûˣʥ˲أңҲ̽ɻʱ˷ݺһֱû빬лѰ˸϶ӣû͵úټ
빬֮ңͱƫţϹˮľͶ£ƫһƬž
û̫ãʹһŲǺˣңæվҪӭӣȴǽŲȻһͣƺʲô˽ס
£ʥҪֻ̽ȥǡᡣ
̽ġЩİ
ңü£磿
ͷ¹ģ޲ףרǰ̽һ˿Уƺڴ˶ԡ
㡣ѾҶգҵ˼ֺ֮⡣
Ⱦֱ䣺ԣǴ㸸ʵӣ㱾ñӣɶֺ벻
ô˵֪֪
˵ˣһ⣬Ļ
ң˼䣬纣˷ڣͷȴѾСȥҲ֪˵ʲôûýŲ𣬺ƫȴȥ
һδ࣬ױڲסüŨŨ⣬ټɷȴؼ·ѹ͸
ңʱ΢΢һЦǾģֻпң
𶼱ǲˣֻʣ˵ңһ뱻𣬶С
ǰһֱģʥ˲أ̴ǰ´һֱ빬ýˣλ㶷ӣϲң߱˵ֵĵ࣬չʥ۵ˣ
ãпӦֻǳʥ֮⣬񷱶࣬⾫áڴ䣬㿴ɫãˡ㲻
Ů˾񻨣Ľ࣬ŻῪ޵Ļɫң˫շɺ죬ɷȻǰҪ֣ɼӹúá
ңЩ˼ˣǴҺܺõġ
ûбˣǰˡΨһĽ㣬һɡЦ
㡣ңͷԹԽδƴǡ
ԡЦԽᣬ԰ָп밢ˡҲ¶ĥճɾǸˡ
֪ʲôĿ⽥ԶЩʧֻǶܺúõġ
ﴺʢֹΪǧ谮һպ󶨷ƽ
Σվ󡣡ȰοĿ䵭⡣
֮˷ǧ谮ĴۣΪԶ޷׷Ѱλ֮ʱϣƽóԸѡ
ң飬ۡ
빬Ϊ˱𣬿ɳǱˣһڻʹʥҲֻѮˣ˸߸ϵĵλġУӦҲܰͷͬϰɡ
˼ˣңղĶԻͷ֪Լö£ΨһˣԼй֮꣬Щв²죬ҧҧƺΪ
һƳɫ
ңæղס㣬˵ĻһЩЩǡ
ɫᣬֻᣬ֮䲢ʲôֻʥԴ ֮̽˶ѣ֪ЩףѾˣô룬ȴҡҲģܿȢˡ
ңԸӲˣ֮⣬ƺзǷ֮룿
׵ӣһӣȾָɣ
ԽԽľҪ˵ʲô˵ȴһ䡣
밢ˡҲ죬Ů
ʲô
ң͵شǰһϢѡ
Ůǲӣ
ôأ


108 ج
ǰЩӵ£ Ϣң𾪣 ֹٳ ˼λҪõ빬٣Ҳ֮Сٳ԰Сͱ̷֣ һǰ Ҳ˾ʥˣǣֽ
Э ڴС羭֡
ʵ£һǻӣһس֮Ůʥ޹⣬ ˴ŭֽڵһҹűӵֽģʥ˶֮飬ʥּӦýջͳ
ǰң˼
ּ һڵʥˣΪ˱ʥ˲¼ɣʴ뵱κһȨף ټҲԸŮ빬У һⱲӣ½ԷǻҹС£ ʥȻɿڴӦ˻£ ּҵȴѴۿۡ
׮¶ԣ ȴǡʱпܵõ֮λĻӣ̫ǿĸ֧ţԼҲޱ£ģʵԣǸλӣҲ޷֮˼ʵһʵ壬ѡ
ֽŮȢ͵ڰּҺ׬˭Ը⡣
Ҫ֮λ϶Źᣬ
ңһ
һ빬ΪⱲӼ޸ӣĿͬ⡣
¹켣䣬ѱ䡣
з룬˺䣬̲ס˫ۻش˴ۣ״شһƷӴ룬˿ǣ޷ң䣿
ңҡҡͷлȻͷ
硭סڱǴ˸СС磬˫üٿš
ᵽһɣ

ӹң˼㱵̤ϻظ
Դ֪Ҫʱ;˺ģؿӲıϱӵľħ䣬ٶͷϡ
ת۾͵ѰҪ꣬ûͣףŴ򿪣ͼӸҴҳ
硣һ
ҲƼֻãһּҰɣ׼
ңջĽţ֣
ǰһ֣߬ȴֱӱȽϿ졣СѾǣɷ˵
һּȥˡ

ֽǼŭĲϾ͵ˣڹðһޣŭģڻ֮͵£ʥּ⴫Ȼ׮£Сȴʥ˿ͣԼǳнᵳӪ˽֮ģиȵʥƣ
ңʱдιֻֽ΢УʩҩѾתԴ
·ϣңѾ˵ˣ粻ÿɷ񣬳ңֽԺӡ
¹꣬ϵˮδɣˣԺУֽӣһң·ʱ̧ܰͷ˶һۣûңײϣ޶˶˴ս
ƺңһЦЦۣëȻ
ŵĿζյõӰ΢бңֽ̤ӣﻹбˡ
֣ɩ绽
վŵģּҶĵճǬϱϡǬֻͣ£ЩФֽüĿӢ䡣
˴ҴҼǬȥֽЯңڶ󣬱߱ߵò̫ģѾץҩȹ飬ڴ󲮸ȶ
ϵϸϸᡣңæֵлλɩϱּΨһһ׵ˡ
ңߵݣһֽǰŸ׵˵ʲôҲϣһֽæ캮ˡϱ˵ɡ
˵Щͷƺ۲ֱлҲԷңǬ򸾸վһͷֵֻֽǼȶڴˣЩҪҲ֪˺¡
ֹоĬƬ̣Ͽ˿ڣ󲮸Σʥּ£ӵĻµ󲻵ãԺͷ캮ضǹ塭
ȥ˴Щȫ壬һΣǰĸ׾̫  ޷ֽϵĻǸͿģ֪ܵҡ
˵˵жŭϻļæǰŴף˵ˡ£Ҷ֪ˡˣ棬ʥѶּɼɵּҲӰһ
þ˳λһּұȫˡ
Ȼ翴ңңĿֻһ硣
ֽҡҡ֣ϢڣŵأҽҪͬǽǴ¡ּѵֻҵʥˣ洢֮ǱȫּҵΨһ취Ҫޣ׵Ļļޣжһ٣֮ммǣ
˼ң˱˼ڣٿڣҵ壬ǲУѽǬУҲ㲻УֻǬǳԷڣ硭
ףһﰢֵġ֪˼æ
ֽͷ¶һ˿Ц⣬ֵּҴ󷿴ӽϣպԴΪѵպȻ£ǼһУԴΪءּ°ٿͶУסˡΪء

⽥Ǭѻȥңֽ￴һҹʱַϴ˸û˯ѣͱҡѡ
ôˣңŸɬ
Ѿ˯ȣȻذɡԴ
𣿡ң̽ͷ۴ȫ䡣
ãߵ˻չҲãҴȥЪЪ߰ɡ˵ţҲͷ۸ףȥ
š֨¡һǹͥеѹҡҡ׹ǿۣˣһЦ
֡ڣڶʣ˶ٷɩһûϲء
ûң첽ԽֵҲҪˣҲϲң˵䣬ϥǼվ𣬲ٹء
ȻǽղԸ⹧ϲңұšĸԸ졭˵Ц
Բһδʩ

ȥ·Ƕһ
ңǰŽ˫§ηɳֻۣ뵡˯
ձһգδߣʵŲס
۵¶񣬽˴һ£Ҵ븮
ңɳ˯ȥ㷢ɢۣ籧˶޼䡣̴һף缫ᣬϴ齣תȥҪϣ䱻߬ס
ɻͷȴңüĽšȻۣɫá
ңңجˣ
ңۣ˫壬ȫƸ˯ѵģڵص߬΢ֻˡ
˸Ρ
εʲôæߣӵ뻳С
εɲ̧ͷҲԼ䡣
εһһģһ龰
в֣ĵɺϣ硭
㣬վҵĶ档
ɲʱ䣬ӵ


109 
ĳҹ ֻյƷĻ⣬·޸ƮҡڰУֻԼŲȹˮʱ ƮѪȵϢ Ŀĵӣ治巽ֱһֻͻȻסʺ ȥ ĺȻֹͣϢɴۣ ֻƳɭĵ⡣
һذ׼ܵĲϡ
ƮڰյĹƺȻۣڰ̽Ĺȣ ܺһ㣬ճصĵ
棬 վ磬վˣЩٸУĬƺڵһ£ 粻˵ֻ ˵ ӡ
һâҹջ ֣ Զ ңԶǻӿյļʸ
֪ΪԼ֧ܿ Ǽбֱķ򡭡
ξͶңѡ
Ϣĸоɻڣڴ翿ӣһ˲ֲʵξ֣תǣþȫ
òĿ־壬ͻȻ٣صչǶӡ
ҡң˻ơ
϶ԼµεʲôֶڰգʱлȥĵجΣȻٵĵУķΣ˺ۡ
ңңֻڴ
ңŬԼƽʹͷ̧Ŀֻڴһ䷱ӵĴϡ
ֻһجζѣǻˣܶ¶Ѹı䣬ϱͬĵЩҲٷ侲ڰ
ǱˣǸ÷Ļǻᷢضƽ󡭡Щûı䣬ֻǻһַʽȥңˣң߬ӵ
ı䲻˵ṇ̀ǽ֣ңңݲңҲԼȥ밤Щ
ңȴٿ̧ͷ̻ʲôͬΪӵλԸԸ⣬ּҶӰһԷּأ
һһӸˣΪһּұһȻֽѶߣУּҾһ壬˵ϾܶϵģǸӣΪıԼ֮ֲ֪£
粻ΪɵҲϱӲɱԼּأ
ֻΣ
类ʵһ㶣ȭ֮ĵطˡ
ûڵһʱ𰸵ңӣɿԽ´ֻЩ񷱶࣬ȥסʱաҲûػЬӼߵ䣬һл̴ʰճá
̴ҴһңҪȥСסּڴһΪ˰죬ɻңʰм϶磺ɾǡ
ûʲôȥɣʰȫЩȱˡޱվת˾̴վԭԡ
Ⱦôڹ߰ȫǾɡ

ʱ֣ˮƺҪ࣬ûϹ
ɻ࣬ңִӺȥ˹׵롣
ô糳ˣЦضңʱչ˳¸ֻң̣ѱﵱıѵˣ
£ǲǻҪ߶ңһӣңһ߸²裬һЦ
˶ΪǷ޶˳ܲͣңҲûͣ˲²⡣
㰡˻ӣǰӺõһƵģһת۸ʶƵġڲ裬ôӳܽ⣿ⲻ硣֮ʲô˵ǣš
ټƽ͵Ȱˣңϡ
ôñ˵⻰ˣһۿ뷨
ңʵͷϾ¿ȰҪ㿪󹬵ˣΪҽ˻ᡭЩˡ
ԺЦЦŵȰ㣬һһһ˫ˣΪ㣬ֻǼȻѡ·ͺúȥʧȥٺڡ뵱꣬Ҳ
⡭ң˫û
ɱɴڻ䣺Ѿ˶ʮꡭǱԼ󸸻ʴͻģǱӱʮڱߣ˱ʮꡣСʱĽ֮˶֮꣬ʲôµĽʿֵӣǰĻҹУսɳĴ󽫾ĲȻĴӣһڡҲЩˣ֪ÿ׮£һֱһֱСʱٳδ飬׷鸸ʣ³ʼΪ󳯾ȶҪ顣Ϊֹ֪ҵκξǸԻƵѡ񡣡
ң°ţп泤ʱڵģĵ۳ҵӢˣ񳤹ÿι±ضҾʣסģȴֻôɫ
ɻ꣬ڱǰԾӣֱһҹƣסţΪò£ǽ˵ƽղ˵Ļ˵ӺǰѾˣϣ뱾һһһ˫ˣҪĽԸ˷ԶԿģԸž룬ҲҪĸ顣ʱ룬ɵ˵˭֪ʲôǴӦԺģһҹûȵǱ̿ͣǰʮһǾȫֻûܶԷĽ
ôˣԺһһŵԶû֣ڵҲ֪ԼûֻǴҹûͬĳŵ˲˵ද黰Ҳٴ򶯲
ûˣٸһһĸ顣
а飬һΪʮΨһһζݣһҹ
˵꣬ȻһЦˣˣȻʼ䡣
ңҲ֪θ룬ߵļ羱²ˣǽճ÷ңʱֲˣҸ磿
ʱ֣üͷһѵõĻ䱻׵Ժ󣬱۵ʥ˲أѻɽɳ£һԾϡ
˵ţȴȻ
£ϼ飬Ѵ̣Ǳͣλ󳼶ѸС
͵ۣվ
©ƫҹꡣ

ҹң¿ͳʵϢֽϵīȴ裬
Ѵ̣ʮ֣Ѷ빬ڳҹԲߣӦҲУҲ֪Ρ
ӺᵽҲʱ䣬ûҹ̴ֻٶȴҵĻңѽ侲ϸ˼جδ̼ܲ˵ضܵȷЩԡ
ǸζѣԹˣ
ʡһϣңӦЩÿضǨԼƢһ˱ȥ磬ûãյﴫϢ
ѴúˮŰٵ̰ǰޣԼ鳯дȴֻ֪ãڹִһҹȴָ֮¡һŭ֮¼ȵ۴ͽնȥ̰ӵĹ׼ֻڳԲߣԼὣȥʵۡ
ңľϵš
ȵųڳУߵ˴׽̸֮ʱԶһлתͷһֻң
ǰңܵ˫ͨ죬һ仰ǣû°ɣ
ߵĹԱͷһʣңʵ£
ңüУ𣿡
ϳ㡣ȥ
һסٲҡ
ң§ˣֻšã֣ңŶһź˵ˣ
ЦЦ
ʥּ䵽Ϊۼݴʥ˴


110 
תţ ôңִؼˡ
ңڹСס˼ջԼұУϾͷӲֵ裬 һһľѪι񼸴齣 СӴɴ ͨͨѡȻôô󣬵ԶԼĹǿ ο⻹Ǹ**ߡ
֪ʲô ң˺졣
ʲô޺ݲ裬 ̧ɺ죬 ع˴ɳ ڳϡû湻
˵ʲϵ֣ңһ´죬 ݺһۣ½߬
Ц޼ɵ 鱭ߵߣ һڣٽǲݵߣңҪ裬 ȴٿ֣ §סϸ ͷһǣ ڿˮ辡ȵСңỽ èһ㣬 ˮ˳Ŵǻ£½
һЪңɫޣĿ룬ãȻص
Сʤ»飬ûܼĻ߸ΣĻסòɿ콫ȥˡ
ң󾪣컹ûڣ
ôֻݹٷŻ𣬲յƣǰزħצ糰ЦŲһû
ǲǺң񲻶ԣ͸̻ĺݾæģôҲŸջҰɡ
㣿˸ξȥסգʣؿչ룬֪Щôģһ͸ˣ뿪죬һ仰ûھ٣飬ֵԼٴ̼һصǰǰԱûȻҲЩ
ⲻǻˣңѾŵ˴ϣ˵Ӱѹ£Ϣ𣬡𡭡ҹˮ
ңˮ³ӣѮСӣѾǵúˡ
ңҧҧͰͶ
и磬һø磬㡣
硭ø硭ģһذɡʶʵΪܣңģȻûзĴ㣬û˵껰Ͷˡ
ġָҰ㶯ţңԽ
С¡ң϶˵üѡ
ð˵ءδġ
ңһҭβż쵰

**ͣЪѽڡԺ̵ûһ˸ҽݴš
ң𴲣ֻűڴͷڷɢڴǴ뻨ɫȥƣֵͷȡЩĻڴ齱߽ڶǿι
˰ɣѾ׼ʳˣȳЩĵǡ˵߾֣Եĵı߸С
ң⸱ɽɢģб飬ҲģЦ˵ĹǣҲЩȤˡ
翡һ䣬㽫빫ЩᲢۣ
ңΪЩʧԣǸȴ۹ҪѧЩаг裬뻭ɣúõһ忡Ūɶɵӣ̲֪ЦǱǧˣһˣ
ңŲסЦЦЦ֣߰磬㲻ʡ
ǵɡ
Цһһֱ֣ͨңٶġʵûŰݣڴͷ¡
Ѿ߻ҪؾʱֻӸӣ¼ȻѾ֣ǲãǱߣǰһûܳɹһҲλҲֹֻڻ֣иȵĻֻһ˸һ顣
ǰ֮ˡң
ܲҪӣᰲ֣
ǾݹҲ顣翡䣬۵ɱŨϱ£Ⱳһ
һնԶּҸѲĴ֮ˣⱲӾҲݣԵģǴҪ
һָֻüֻۣңϲģ
磬Ϊ
籧úֿڣˣһҪ㡣
ţ
͢Ҫ̸У֮£ԷҪеͣպ͸ȵˣǶƽ
ңһڵĶƽ
ճѾףǲʹ붫ƽͬգͳɹʮ£س

ƽƽ
ˣۡ˶һ֡µ˲ϲǰﵥĲ֣ƽˮȺϷ̨ӣЩӰ
Ϸ̨԰ȥµҩǶصϾͬȥҩĲů˼ãҲһݵģ˻ֻϡϡ仨ȫ޳ޡ
ũ֪ӱЩҩڹǰսս
ƽãû𷣻ũֻȻʺ϶ƽԹ㣬ǿˡ˵꣬Ա˿õҩ
Ƕƽ´Ϸ̨Ѿ棬Ծɲ̫񳤹ݵˮϷ̨Ͼͬһطһأ
ƽиֵãϲǲ˺󣬶Ϸ̨ϳϷ
˵ǸһĿɾʩ֬۵ӸǶĻ꣬ƽû˼ϷʱӣֻԶԶèૡ
Ϸ̨ӣϷʱϻЩˮĹӣڵˣԶǿյģϷҩԾװǫ̈̄Ϸ
Ϸһתϵҩһꡣ
ָվţңңȥֻԭΪڣû뵽ôټˡ

뿪һˡ

³Ȣ


111 
ɻգ ңҲȥˡ
ΪˣҪǰȥæͬУ ңԸǰġ
һ񣬾جΣ ңвʡѸģȴҪܾ¾Ӱ졣ǰ вҪԶ룬ڡΪ ҲֻӪ˵ĸ˶ѣ ôĻϸλҲ վ
޿η塣
ңӱܡ
ʥ˻ڲУ Ļ²ٰܴ죬 ֻɹʹͣй빬ݹʥˣ ʹָӸգ ûӵ۽ӻأ ֽкתܹк͡
ǰΪĻ£ Ů˱ֵýӲ й֮£˹ϵʯ ɼݱ ֽ¶ᡪ޼жٲ ʼΨһŮǰŮ ϾĸףẦԼŮûŮᱻ̳ɵڶٻδ˸֮ΣŮҪ͸ìܡ
ʼұ㲻ǼнŮΪܽȥСӴĪǰڼǰԡֽ˵µ
ִ̧֮ͷ¶һޱüǰǽΣպ촽ڣλޡ
л̻壬ŮġŮԼѡ·ͰģͷŮĸףհؽӭĸ顣Цޣ˵꣬ҲֽӦתȥ
ͽһˡ
ֽձۣæǰסңĿ⽻ֳһЦ
Цðɭ亮⡣
ңһЦƵ仯ȥơ

¹󣬾ǵľԽš
ʥ˵Ĳ޺תҲ񻯣ôšֶУ˵һķʱ۷Ⱥ´Ѵĺţ͢ο񣬲ûɴսԿ䣬ڳҰżԱȣԽԵƽӹ֮ϲԶҲ飬Ŵαѹ˼ìԽԽӶԳҲԽԽ
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ңߵĺˣƷһּΪޣǳͷʢŮˣһֻзеķݣƷױߵģҲмӡ
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ңҲΡʵʱ˷ЩۻϣֲɣλãҪʵ罻ĳЩϢĻȡۻᡣ
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˵̸޷ǳȦټٵġ
Ҳ˵ˣһ˸ͣɲǣżȥûðɣ˼ء˵λбˣΪֻҵƣϧ
õͦãֵÿɲãҼλ˵λҲҪؾˣʱͲ֪ʲô档˵ţָͷı˸塱͡ߡ
˻⣬ڻػȴͤ´
ôĵӣڱʼң
ͤһң˵ЦҲתͷȥȴͤС
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һ 档
ͤ˷׷ң
ľۻᣬȻҲܵ롣ûˣĿֻɨЦЦңʲŽͷӶϣͷ̫Խʵ
УλߣһѲǴǰ˵װ׺Ͳ㡣˵ŵûʧɫæġ
졣޶
ֻšžžǰǶˣֱöպףѪͣ֡ͤ˽ԱŵǶ˷׷׸ȥֻʣңվͤ
˿̴ˣͲ¶ˣңҡӣ
ʲôЦɫɢȥ·ýһ㣬ǲҲһӺ߻뾩ͻ᲻ͬ
ʼ֮£Ҳ顣ңҡҡͷֿܣֻȤôܹˡˣʱ磬һǡ
ϣתߣȫȻδС
ͷŭ𣬺ȵȵȡһûߣǡס
̴ǰҪңңδ䣬ǰȥ󿿽ȴڽҪ½ʱϵײֻʹǶ˵زɫٱ䣬̧ͷ֦ҶïܵĴ
ҶӰ׷ˡ
ңĲǶ˶٣ûתֻôû㻹ʹǰһ
޳
ң½ɽվԼģơ
ӱ޴Ц
ңٶᣬԶȥ

ĩӼأӹ龩;Ϣһٳʥ˲оŭӣգϢ߻ֵܰ;Ϣ̼ۻطأƲܾӲ֮λҲҪˡ
һʥֻʣһˡ
£ͻʵʹڶƽ֮£մɺͽ⡣
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112 ƽ
£ ǵľ֮߻ӵӱ仯
۹۵ʥ֮ӣȥλ⣬ʣһѾںµʮӣ ʮ̫ףԼ̳дͳʥΪźԸΪȺҲͬڴʱһ޸Ϊ
ϱʮܹ˳λкܴԭ硢Զ˵Ĵ֣Լʱ̵棬ʱʮ٣ ȴҲĺͯ ȫͬ
˵ʥ˴˷ò ȫȻңļƻУһȫͬˡ
˿ һԾΪпܼλѡˡңл߽ţżæŵҵġ
ձ죬緹ҲûԣʱѾǰ󱳣ֶڴһ麹
ͬʱңһլԺ üͷ һߵ㲻ǲ֪ԼѪ飬 ׷ΣͶǣ㲻ԣ߸Ҳ𣿡һǡ
ǰǷµġңһںǣҧָ⣬ЦЦֵѹǰ˵ҵƣԭأ㲻֪ھǷͷʢЩǰʱ仹ڱһתͷֶȥˡ磬˵֮£᲻͡
֮ǵʥŭѾڳˣȷʵп룬ĿǰҲ֤ݡôƣֻһʱѣֻʥ˵ĲΪˣΪͷۣȻҰţǵüӽݸһˮţøɾҡҡͷ˻ëꡣ
ңֻü˵ʥ˵ĲҲȷʵ֡һʱأô֮أ̽ûͬ˵仰޹ܳ˵ʥ˷˲Ҫɡʥ⵽ʲôҽ˵ǰʺ¶ʥӣʶòһʱһʱ˰ﴫʥ˵֢ȶͷۣⲻǶ֢״һʥҲûëѽ
һ˵һȥˮ飬޺˵
ʱѺڣ򣬽ŵıð˿˿̴Žһʵ嵭ʳ
˵мһֱЩ֣û߹㣬֪ɴӵӹҨӣڣǰʺײ֮ǰڵϵʥ˵˵Լδ¶
ңʱüûûͬ˵ǰʺĿ֮ǣ
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ңϵĴɳ׶ڰգ˼ǣҲǰʺû¶¶ˣ
󵨼裬ɻһڣкֱð
ⲻܡҷ񶨣ˣǻ˭µĶΪҪʥˣĿڣǡݺǰʺһңǰʺгģֻС
ʿˮ磬ףصûʥ¶ҲûԸ¡ʥ⣬±ؽô뱨Ҳô
ҲҲжѽǻ˭ӵˣطĿĺڣң벻ףҲϳˡ
棺úóԷ
ңŽбУֻҪҶˣвһ飿
ؽ棺ңңúøų²ùܵġʲô֣պҾͲ˵Щˡ
ϻرĪլ𳡵ΣջĿʵڲԼĴ̼
ѽңæҲܾǡ
Էóֳϵ
ңʼ磺ִˡ
СϺݺһ࣬Ľ⣬΢΢һңңҳɻѽһأҡ
ңĿⶢţġ
ȴҡͷЦЦЦЩοɬ
ˣûʲô
ѽµĲɴֵ࣬ң˻˵һ룬ˡ
ңңգ˾͵־ˡ絭
ἰˣЩվȥͷΨһˣԼ޷ȷⳡĳͷ׷ڡסһˡĸԸ޸ֻԴһԼֻǳȥĸжҲձѵĴ̼ܶԭ򣬿ɶû鰮һǵĹϵǢһ֪ǿ˶ٱͷദȴǱ˴СĹʶΪమ
Ҫˡ
ңԼߣȴûٰԼ
ңĿⴹڲϣȶͷֵʧζӵΣԼû磬ʶʮأҶԣĸ˱ȵ㣿
ʱ丳θȫȻͬζ
վû˵
羲Ĭ

³壬ңյϢƽ־ӻա
¹һ꣬ЩˣｫƮ㡣ң˸ңӹĳ߹¸ݼ䡣糿еʱ䣬ңóʱʱճϢ쵽¸ʱǡĽйңڽţĽһԶԶ˴󹦣ֹ˷Ϊһգ˽
ŵ¿ɻϰߣң
Զͬţ̧ͷͷģֹλѣǰԶĿԶֻʣǰ꣬ϵѱĥƽЩʱǰЦҲԵº͡
ϰߡлġԶЦܿ
Ѽˣ޵ĻֿѣٲҲܰ˼ͨͨ־룬ңƺҲų⣬ż˴˶ЦЦǶһ
ѣҲͦõġ
˰οԼ
ǰ컹ҿţ˵ǸţίˡңС
ˡԶѧǫ顣
ǰûǫңһЦֵº㣬úüͣǰ;ز
Զ˵ʲôǰͷѾתͷڱʲô
Уҿ»ʶӢءңЦǰȥվ˵𻰡
ԶֻԼܿôȥƺֺ࣬û䣬ýŮ
˵ϸ¾˸ϷӣŵϷ޿ϷȥͷƸۣãң˵Ц
㰡ԸɣҲ̰棬͸ų磬һȥ
ңԼ磬ֵҿȥ
СڣõζЦֵ̧
ңֻЦЦ

Ϸӽ棬һʱʹͷٴԹܣͷ̨ȪϷ˵һ󣬲ң˵£Ȼ˽Ʊϡ
Ȼ˵ġ
麣Ѿȥ˳ҲдˣžǺ֮£ϢϷƺЩŹ֣ңٽϷ֮ǰƶѣȴû类˲סʱ˼²ǰֻǲңԼˡ
컹ûϷûʼϷ̨Ѿˡңʮελãͷı͸Ϸ̨һ۾ܰϷ̨λüѡʱѾںòˮģԵĺ⡢ӵĥС죬ǽõĹ𻨲裬Ʋɢ֮⣬Ľ죬Ϸ¯ССҾʮġ
ӴϷӵǮѹЩ˰ңһƳͷĶǷ˼ֵơ
ҵСЦеĵϲͺáϷҪСſںţӿϷֻܽСˡ
˵ű㹪˳ϣʵ
ң˿УϷ
û̫ãһȻ𣬵ֵѹžֻʣ
ңڲ裬ϸƷϷȴԽԽϤ
תθߣһɤϷ̨Ļ欵Ӱ̨̤
ңȻվϳϷ
سһȥʱˮŵġϷ


113 
ūϷǳϵĶ ūʢϲūԽԽ࣬ ģūϷҲ˷һʱϷ硣Ϸ԰ϷĿ֣ڣһңڳһģһ
ǳϷûмǴݵģ ͷѿ
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ң˼ۣȻɣҪ˻ԭƣȴèͷ Ϳ֬۵èư飬 ֻһ˫ۣ  ңĿײϡ
üã Ůĳ࣬ϲԶ˵ĴЦ׷Ů˵ģЦʱϧ
ңͣԭز
ˣϷ
Ϣ־ˣһϢûκյ
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뾩һ£뾩ڶĩǳûбȴյŮ˸˸ͷױݣ۽ɢԽޣ᲻ƿĿ⡣
ң޿ϷˣܶطʱĻ棬ȴûʱһ۾裬ȴ˷ǣϷʮ꣬ڡ
ϷһˣлĻ̨ǲҪǳңüߵſڣаı¼ǣڳ޵ȴȻбӹĶĿȻ뾩麣Ϸ⣬ڹƶֲ˵յİţҲǹ麣ֵģǰ
һ룬ң˼֮޴Ӵȣȥ괺ĺ£ԹҲ֪кδ㡣ô˷Ǿ֮أƿžߡ
·ԸС˾ǡſڻվЦӭ˵Сˣͨ
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Сһסȥ·ֻϷſӲƣϷƣӶϲ
ɡңԱŲһСҲһŲǰ
յϷŵģɾͿˣСЦǫ̬ȴǿӲվңǰǲãݶҲͨˣȻǸӡ
ң¥⣬߱ػŰбˡ
С˻ЦӴЩѣСҲԸдˡ
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ңǷ񣺡ƽ
ʶһα˶񡣡һְɡ
񲻿ɷϣǶƽﲻΡйվֱޱ
һҪ裿㲻عصˡ
Ƕƽ˽ҡң
òⲽңһֵϲղŵϷ𣿱ǵ˵ϲӦ㣬ֻһ
ǵˡңҡͷ߲ãԸٽңϷģ
ѾϣԵͷҵġس֪ʲô㰮氮֣ϲϷ/Ϸ㡣㻹ûɣҰϲġ
˵ЦЦѣ۽ǷϡǾСֵӰӣÿζױԼֵʵطƼ
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ʱܺȣɱϷȴС˹˿ڣһģ
һϷȤԼ˵ģҲˡң
Ҫʧˡ΢΢һЦǸĴʡ
ңüͻ£ѿڣ㣡
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ңǿѹͷ뾩ɫδһͽһоĽζ
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ʲô㿴ϷǡЦһһ磬һһ޽ñ䣬סĿȴϷ̨ϡ
ң˦˦֣δ֡
ȴԼ֣ˣ͸ҡϷʼˣŵģ㿴ߡ
ңûգԸ˵֮֮ƿնֱȡʺͻȻüƿңԼһܿң˵ǰֻ洫;ʧӴܣн仹һ
ңңˣ
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ңϲ˵վڻȺſֱۣûж㷭£뻳СԾ¥ıӰ֮嵽ǰȴֻƼڻС
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ܻһƬֻվţδŭ𣬷Цĳصȡ
佣§ңߣҲηӦ
һʱ˳ɢȥ¥֮ϵվǰƬ֮䣬ɨشյδŭɫۡ
ңϷ԰̤ŷʵôˣ
ôҲü
Ҳ˼ֵȻ콵ǡǵʱңƨʣ֮⣬鷳ŵġ
ŵġұЩ˲һ;òԾˣڹʱ䣬ͷ£͸˹˵ӣôҿлĺ£
ңۼԼȫд󶨣ҲЦģǵ֪Һ㻹
ңǽְֺޡѵЩԵǯס°ͣĿƵʱҪȥûͷҵˣⱲӾͱˡ
ʲô˷ޣͷζˡ
ҪˡңҪ죬δ꣬ݺ˴

ƽ־Ϣվʹȫ
ھʮӣܾ۵ֻ뾩һ˷ҡΪѲͬն
ӹģٲΡ
һٱ䡣


114 ò
һｫ С粻ϣҲʼ׼硣
籾Ϊʥ˲صĹϵԭҪȡʥ˵ȴȻת ճС
 ³èʳɫþߣ ԡң˽Ķϡ
̽ӣͷ һƹңĶ ֵʵ Ϊܵҡ
ңڴЦˣϲͺáڹ˵Ҫʥˣ Ҫٳ﹬м磬 岻֧ռﵹˣɫɱȴǰöˡ
𣿡˫¶ŮߣҲôã
ңͷҪԼ塣
Сû ǰμ棬 һѵ飬ÿ磬 Ҳ࣬ز֪ΪȻ˾ ˹â Ҳױ ɫ ҲԵûô㲡
ڡÿ𣿡Ȼ
ʣ ֬۲ Ȼġң
ȴɻˣػʢ
Ǵգһط˪֪Լع⽥ȥǰ껪ңεģ¿ҩˮΣһ֪ӹúãгźš
˼ܱȣʱ⡣
ɷˣᲢۡңЩ֣յˣȴһἰòҲ࣬ʥתҲɿˡ
ἰʥˣЦ΢䣬˹ش
ңʥˣЩʧԣҪû⴫һЦ˴̤ڣܵĹ˶æݴ񣬡ʥˡĽ˷Ѵң֪ʥˣæںӭȥ
ʥôˡߵŴ˵
û꣬ͱһʥ˻º͵𣺡ضѰġ
ҪѰֻǲѰǡ
ʥ˵Ц֪һ벻۾Ҫū˵ǲѰȴȲԹˡ
µŸպתЩ˾Թһ䣬Ҳû˵ʲô
Ǻδʥ⣬Դͷûֱʥ˵죺ְķ˰ɣ񡣡ֱҴɨһַۣɿ촹ڴ
һҲʥ˼أʱʥҲͣȴҲõѮǣ벻㡭ɫƣѰݣݣòˣɿ͸Ų̬ܡ
ʥ˵עȴûңϣº͵޹ʹ󣬾סֻ֣նƽʹ빬ϲٹƷȥơ
ң۽Ƴ΢ƲԸʥУ̧ȥǡ¶ͣüۼһɨ
ܿʧԾһƽᣬַʥˣֻңǸȻң⣬ʶǡ
ʥżҲûң뿪źҴȥӰʧУңɿ෢ıӣ˸ʵʵĴ硪
ʥϵζܡ
ζ뺫ϵһȴŨࡣ

ң´Ӻع
սû߶Զ۾ײڹ԰ӣŲԶˣӦǴӹʥ˳͵ˣϻŶƽķƣЦߡ
Ҳ֪˵ʲôֱЦָĶͷ
ǰжԹֶƺ͹ȥû
µĴճȡ齨յ·𶼳˺ӵС󣬱ʮһĨȥϵŴͻʼȶҲ
׷úúùš
ңۣƹȺߵԶߡԶŲԻĿѯң֪˺£
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ңĿԼǣ֪ĳǣľʹЦأû£İɡ
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⻰һͼ٣ǰһС㿿Զȴźۼǰ벽ǡǰ棬ͣˣЦδȴ縲˪ңײԶʾ뿪֮£磬ԶҲзݲ룬Ӧи̽飬յھа׮һôĳưոݣ˷Ҳ֪᲻ֱңϾЩӦԶҪΣࡣ
Զ֪ǧͷԱãδԶ롣
Цˣ㵥˵ʵѣôҴǰҲһӣң
ƽ˵ЦˡңЦǰףʱǰԽΣѵؽӲƽϣͬǰһ
ڣȻ˶Իңת뿪ɿ˺תأֻСһ㲻Ҫ˴֪ʲôֱңڶƽʱ򡣡
ûش𣬱㾶ֱߵߡ
һֶģֻǴ֮Цڳ׵׳˴Ҵһص¸һ̤ɨ¯Цŵʮ꣬侹Ҳп۵ʱ򡣺һһƽ
ңվڸ֪˺£ǵó˴
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˾δģҪ𳤰ңˮԽңԽлɳá
ʮĹֶ飬ȴĻϡ
ѹ䶯ôŭ

ͷȵѾ鶨ʹҲ׵ƽչ뾩
֮ѳɾȨԼ£ˣٸԼ󲿷ʱ䶼ʥ˴ĳլС
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Ӹ޺ϣĵ벻ҲнգǱС
˷һ裬ڼϣƵߣ̧һ£ǰΣʮǡȱܽ绢⾩ǻ˭ȣ
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ҲòĶ硭
ЦЦ
磬һŮˡ


115 ǰϦ
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ʮˮת
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Ȩ󡣡룬ߺȻЦ̫ʷ֡
̫ʷ֣𰸴ңϡ
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ΪΣңʵĪҪɵõ
ҡͷָ㣬ң̡
ǣΪǣΪǡ
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ңʧ÷ҵ

գš
ңſڣڽΪϣ޷ãѾǣ§סֻһ֣ɴ䷭ʧңС
ͨ峿ƽɻӣ˭Ҳû쳣
ңĿ뿪ݣվ﹬磬ȥǰȥ䣬ٽ鰲ȥݵ
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һǺḶ̌빬͸ߵţһʥߵĻ¹١
ձԲգﱶ˼ףüչʥϧǹ粻ÿУӽ빬һ𣬽˼¹ٷʥ֮빬
ŶԣУδָգҲ빬Уңͳ뺫ߵŮ졣
ʥ֮ңƴǲãֻӦ¡


116 
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óԵСڶ ϳ֡
ңҿ ʥ˲ڵϣ ڣӯӯһֱλϣ ֿϵĵģѹԲģСͷӻƣ ýƣ㣬 ǹĵġ
ǴͨǣСһңЦ
Ҳ˵ǣǿɲЩȡ
Ǿ仰 δغóԣ óԵδسأɿˣζȷʵãǵС ǳңɷֲҡңֵ
ȻȥС̣ҲԹأ Լֵģ ˴ȥġ
ڳʮͷ ʺЩصʳƹݣ֪ͨͨСĹǱ֮̾һ
Щʧ䣬¶Ӱ飺ΪûҲԡ
ңﻶϲúܡңЦѣҵıֻǰԹһأӦ³ı˵ÿֻһٷݣ˿Ųһû᳢ҲմĹ⡣˵ŽһСڣͷ޵óԡ
ЦЩϳ̬Ц⣬ƿľ괺㡣
֮Ǳϧ˸ģңʵ
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ңҲٶʣ²˰Ű֡ԵøˣҲģٻȥɣǺú˵Щ
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ʮѾ꣬Բۣվڴϰ֣Сһ㣬ϵȥֻڿңʱһĨյЦ
д͸ʣףۣѳ࣬ддȥܲ⣬֪ķνѡһš
ң϶дõ֣ЦÿãǵµһƬТġ
֪˵һ
⺢ӡЦˡ
Ҫдң˵Ц˼Ͳ뺫⴦ˮ¥ҲǺ޹֮һңǵһν¥һ࿿ĵطŸ߰ɢطż֣īӦдûá
īңһţֽŮֻּһʫȴд棬һʴûУ޲糱ţ˼ʼ
ң૶ʫֽȴһѳߡ
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ͷ̫ҽǣֲΡЩ䡣
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֪ˣ¾ȥЦޣֱڵ
ңվڴϣɻѺֻܿңȥȥ
ϣ˾ˣңܾĻ˵
硪
ңŽòе˼ЪŸպ·ԼߣǹͻȻŨˡ

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ԸڵԺܿͻ
žվ¹٣˵˵ţңһһڵǰ
ң飬ֻһظǴбĻܴǳ£ӡ
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ңڰҹЦ𣺡ﾴĲ裬޸ܡ


117 
 Ĺâȴůŷ©ԼԼ߶Ӱ벢Ķʵ۵޹ һжԵ¡
ڰֱȾһΣյأĺڶ ˳һµľ⣬ƺܿ侲 ƽ
ʲôʱʼҵģãſڣ ᣬ޾ſ־壬 ޷ ƺңʺϵֻǼٵذס
硣ңҲѹ·ϵ㣬 ͵͸ĸ׵ҩơ
ͼ׵ǿҩ /ȫ긨ҩĹͬҩ֭ݣ ߵĹЧ ʱ֭еĸҩ⣬ ͷɢζž˻񫣬õĶ
ֻǿͷͱ٣ζҲ޿ɶԱȣ֮ʱԶ ңζһʱҲûܽϵһ飬 οĲͷ Ӧͬҩﵫͷ ϵȵȣ 
ң빬Ĵֹ࣬Ϊʥ˳Ҳ޴Ӳһȱԣֱʥ˵֢״ӹﱻ
ҽӦȱͨˣֻΪάֳȶԲûʥ˵Ĳֻ䲢޲͸ǽʥ˵֢״Ծңɵĵڶ㣬ֻϧʱ綼иҪҪû˼ͷֱʺ¶֮ɵ㣬ʼ˼¡
Ǹ˿Ĺ̡
Լһ⣬ʺȷʵû¶Ҳû֣ǻ˭µĶ˵˭л¶㡣ǶµģҲԼĸԸµģϾ̵ĳҲ˶ô˲Ųỳɵͷϣټϻʺԩ˳½ԼױɵĶժҳɹȡʥ˵Ρ
һʯ񣬼ܽ߸ʺֿƾ˻ʥΣϴԼһԾΪ
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ǵҪʷˣԸԼطԩǸ˵Ҽ飬ǷǣΪAɱΣ
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ΣûзϣɴϣѵҲҪ
ɡңЩ˲ֵ˸飬ȴȻ֪οڡ
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ңĬ̬ȴϣһʱ侹ԶԣβſΪνڹУ
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ңʱȷ˲²⣬۳ںԭ򣬺ץȻΪ
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û뵽ңļƻûԵ
ô£ΪβңּƴԼ侲
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ңû뵽ľ棬޹ģĥȴʼ벻ȫ֮
ƿжȥ֣ذԶԼʺḧķֻ㲻صģˡΨһˣҲǺѪҺẦǵġ
Լءң΢âüۣҡ
ЦЦûٻش

һҹȥңԾûϢ
ɳȥұеطûѶ
糹ҹδߣ鰸֮ңľ﷢
ٰƣıվ㲻㣿
Ĭ˼ã򿪷ţǸ죬һ̤˱
빬ɡڳУڹ
ӲĽ


118 빲
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յϢʱ ɵĵһҲڵһʱ̽ ȻϢңȷʵȥ޹ ǰ뿪빬֮ Ҳ̽ 
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軹ڼȴĶ࿴Ѵӵϳվڵֱת
¡Ӱ߳Цȴɱ
ȱһתͷ󣬲ЩƲĿ⣺ƽ
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Ҳô˵Ӧ㣿ץץˣأ˦֣Ӷض
Ϊܾǡ
ܾΣʼߡңץУñãó֮ǣʲôԥģҪǴ󱦵ˣԥڿɺãң޹ʧ٣ʲôǣֻһһˡҹﶯ֣ܶһʤһ֡˵Ȼ


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ң͵𣬡Ҫıɱ׷򰡣
ңһͣ˶תͷһȻ
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119 䶨 
Խˣ еϯѾɢǹҡҹǺ󹬼磬ɲŮ̫Һϣ ȴʵ٣ ǡ죬һԲµӳˮУǵʫ˴󷢣 ΧһʫˣԲʫ֣ սŨ ʥȴٳδ
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ң磬 ֻֽסڱ⻵£ƬζԵСζ̫Ũˣ͡ҩ ʥ˿²ˡ
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Ҳǻعⷵյס
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磬Ѳ΢âС¹ٵѵͼ˵Цнǡ
翴Լ磬ʱѣ϶СˣӶ˰ؿϣղף¶Ь棬ŸСٴŹñʵЦ
һҪǶ㶯̫СıѡңЦݣ·ȴƤʵģ轣ʱӢˣ䲻˹һ˲ǻضЦһӡ
ڹ˻ЦưͷϣɫһкʱһȳȥǣŻ˵أ̫ҺطȥǱߡ
ңšüﲻͬ⣬ȴʽµĶ

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ίűҡظȫԲŶԡ˵ḩſʥ˼ͷϵ£Բ£θңڵµʱˡ
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ǲǾ֣巴ܲץһķһֳϷµĶǷϺϡ
ʥ˴󾪣ͻȻ֣ԼȴҲȣǰȥײͭڵϣЬǰ
ҵһ˺ܾáһӹµΪűֶεϵλɱ㣬ıҡ须Aر⽭ɽ㲻λζĶҲһӿɼ̡ţұϤ
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Ҳǽ֮ˣԶ֡ҡҡͷ
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𿴡籧縲˪ѩ
Ŀһеңֻǿ򶨣סԼۣ¸ô죿
Ǿ䣬˷ǶһҲˡ
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ѽңܾﲻԾͬºııʥˣⶾִһʼ裬ΪΡ
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ⲽú磬Ӻ빬վѾ
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ԶζĻѹâֻƬ̾͹ϵǡ
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ϱӻججֻԼԩǵⱲ̰Сһ·ߵգЩ̡Щ־壬һȻͬļɢ˵ȴսᶨ
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֣֣߬س˼Ƭ̣á

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Ҳ˻ţӵӡͥΧˣţһǰˣ
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ݡ
ƿͬʱҹɫνڰա
Զǳ֡
һΪɱң
һˡ
һƮɢһԶǸնȥͷ­ˡ


120  ֶ
ʮ³ˣ 󺮡
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һѩδЪǽѾѩͷѩڷ׷׶䡣·ٵÿ ҴҶ ҴҶȥ˵仰ֱðһ꽫ԾΡ룬 أ ƴǧ꣬ ߵһһ
Ȼѱµ۽ǣ ⳡѩһսᣬǵ䣬ڴ
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԰ĲľֻʣҰ׶ɫ Զĸ߸ڴѩлɵģ ֻ¹ҵĺѩǺ͸աɫ
Ժĺ÷쿪ˣɿپ֦ɽ춹ƵСѩ ʢ֮ʱ次
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