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½Դ磬ȨԭУԤ


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 1 

ѽˮˡ
ŮһлԱߵ֪ȥˡ
Ȱ˾ˮҲ˸о廹⸱壬ȴǻ˸ˡ
Сﱻ֪ఴؿ˼£漴³ˮ
ĳС￴ë£ֻȥ
Ƕ˹˸Χס漴ؼߡ
ؼҵשǽóСͷۡ
ǣ˴ˡ
С˱м䣬һӵ˽Χס
챾ǺһʺͳСĴϲ£û뵽ҪƵʱŮͻȻˡ
ڿ⼸ˣһɫѿΪŮˣΪЭŮܵǸӡ
ΧǶ⼸ָָ㣬ҪǼǰŮӻҪġ
СعݣԭϲһСӡӻ鱻ץһʳȫԭ˻Լ
ԭСమأȹһӡ
ȻⱲӺܿ࣬Ȼԭ֤ʵܻУԭ˵ŲڣֻԹԼ岻ܸС
ԭ˴뱲ӣڴϲܶ顣СӺһѸף˺ӣʱԭ뿪Ⱳֵˡ

С￴ʱһʺţ񴩵ԭϣ뵽ڣСǶ϶ϲԸĿӵġ
ǣʵҺͳСһȻʹŮ˳׵ӻ飬ˣҲԸһ˶ȹ
ۿźһҪ˵ϵĻСһǰȥסһǿֱۡ
~֣򣬳С̲ס£ȥӲӲģǸĺģһǴ˸档
񣬳СߵǺܣһװĶ㰡ģֻΪ
˵Ż̨ʣСסθ˼
˴󺧣ŤؿųСһŮõ˵Ļ
⻰Ŷж
ӻûе£С̨˵ȴޱȵжˡ
һɹеڵԼ͸һĨ죬ôû˵ôĻ
۷׷׵ˣһֱӽ˿ӽ˲š
׼ߵĺһʻͷ͵ţ鷿鷿Щҡ
ˣԭܺȥ׷ʱһڻ鷿ˤ˾Ʊ
ЦǺǽС֣²ȥ
˰Сʱһ׼Сȥơ
һ飬ҪҪҳסһһ·ǵǮԼű̲뿪ڻü֪ɽ㡱
ɽϵšϧˣǵȵĵϣСҲܹԭĿӣֱԼ
ˣһֱ飬Сֻ硱Сݳؽ͵
飿״´ܺáһʻɵؿ
С￩һ£ѽлиԭܺõ״硣
ҴʵһֱӳȥҺҲСʱ򻹹ùӰҹߡСҲ״
ڼСʰĳ¼Ҵû뵽װڱô
ڳ˼еĺһˣΧƽǵֵҲ٣Щ˴඼ز©˼úܡ
һ̾ϢһʸСñӡ·˳ơ
Ų֪ʲôɵĺɫްСؽˮʪ͸·£һ
һȫźɫĲ£СﴩźɫĴ޿㣬Ǵɫްֵ֡ĵϸλơ
ϲϲλصͷһ˺ü
ʵСһ⺢Ƕõģ޸ֻĸǧͿ
Сﲻ֪һжãԭǸС϶ǲеġȻͲԼί
˵ᣬ˵ļ硰Ժúùӣȡ걧
źһʺλ˵ЦСƲƲ죬ԭ˵ģЩ˾ͱˡ
ɽϣԭ÷ֶŽţԼϸѩƮܲˡ
ûǮԺƵһ󣬻ڵⲻýںйһʱ䡣
ȷͷȥˣٴųС
÷ƻӻ֮һУԶ
˲֪ã³Сǳ£ɽС·׼
ࡣôءһƵĴүȥ·ϿСӡ˼ҺϲƳСǳ䣬ͱˡ
ү˵ʲôءš
ƭʲô˼Сڸأһԡ㿴ǶϲƻˡүָָԶǱߴϺϲƵϡ
СֻһƬհףؿŵϵѩˮ
лҪ˵ɡڸУȤСǿԿһŶ~~
İ İһֱĲϣΪ츳ߵʦʲôܸ
СѾͷ˵أھҪһѴӣܸһľЦ
̯İûþóһӣʹһѿˡ
һ˵ľС˵Ҿͷ㡱
̯İóһĲ˵һ˼ӡ
һˣӼ·ҪһܳٽصıӣҾ͸һ顱
¯ûһóһӣһ˦汬˼ϸ졣
棺
MMP˭˭

 2 

ϣשֻкһʺͳСš
ϴ꿴ŶԷЩ֪롣
Ŵҹɫˣһ̲סһֻСļ򣬳Сŵһһɸߡ
ȻԺһʳĶ⣬ҲԸԳ񻹶û飬ôԲ˷
һɫЩѿʲô˼
šϲ𡱳С
һûػܾò˼˵ڡ˵ˣʲôϲϲģġ
ţһʿ˵ܺÿ
ССǹһ֦֪ӵĳ¼иƯŮ
һʴСҲ˵Сǣͷ׵ʱǿĵġ
ȻǰûͳС˵ǴϲôһÿĹ
ҳúܺÿСһתҵ˽ڡð㣬Ҿ֪Щ˹⿴࣬ϲҡ
СԹ
һʻˣ֪ô͡
Լƾ˵ѵǴҺÿȥҼ׵ģȢһΪҺÿΪΥĺ⡱Сߵ
ĺӲ֪ôſڣ૵ңҶôģ˻޾ϲˡ
ǸϲҲܣҲԸ⡱СšްǿҪϲңȵʱԲ
ĳС˵ԼҲе㲻˼ˡϲ/죬ô
ס졯ʣһ졣ֻڹùһɱӡУ¾ġ
ȻͬһŴϣ˸Ըһӡ
˯ɣء
С˯ţеݡ
ŮǺһʵãһӳе֪࣬СᰮָһС¡
Эԭӻ顣
굹ҲĻǡΪ̫̫ˣ뿴ճɾ
ϧˣС񴩵ͬͬյϣͲǸɵԭˡ
СǰƾϲӣԭˮϹȢһ¶
СȢԭȢ˺ӣڳС˵ǳ죬ԭΪڳС￴ҲǺһ
ȻһԸһԸ˵˼벻һСԭΰ󡯡
ڶ¶ʮˣ𴲺ճžͼһö߷̽ͷ
رúܿϧСһΪ²ġţðСǣܶЩ׵ªϰͷ
СҺӳһ£ǳ緹ôȥдʹܡ
ˣϲ硱С￴ǰʵΡ
Ϊĸ磬رŮ൱Ǳġ
ӳ֪Ǳһʾȹʱסںһʼ
˵˶Ƿźһʵģ£ȻŸ첲ա
˵ʲôءرΪ¡ģҵš
û˵Сεӻ飬ڸĸҪ׵ʱһˡ
⻰Ҳûʵûôϸ˵ԭЩ£ֻǴӺرĽǶȽԭŮһ
ǳС񴩵ԭˣԭ֮ǰ̬һˡԭʵò⣬ǿǽͷݡȻСӵ÷еϲǶһ˲ŵĺһҲܾ
дôһ䡾СԶԶؼһʼΣĥˣҲ֪˭кøܼ޸
رӳΪ⣬ͣȰԭŪԭͷĻҵģźһ׼ߡ
С֣²һ¡ԭץ󣬺һʽ˻£ԭʱҲˣҲǽʹһӾôν÷ˡ
ΪˣСõ˵ĸܡرӳǺİ컵ˡ
һΪŮĴ磬Ǹסˡ
кһʺȢһžһӹڳ˷бķźӡ
Աԭᱳʹڵɴˡ
ԭ˵Ųڣôһλ
СһٶصĵӻÿؼҼĺһʡźһŴŹСﰵֹԼǹò˵㣬ЩǮ˲þ͹úã˵һϲŮأЩǮĸ檡ţСǿŵӻؼȥˡ
ЩСԭǺڹģֻǴ֮ٻͷˣϾѾ˳ɱ
ϲҴ磿ǲǱвˣرСô˵ˣǵ
ģҪǸвңҾһȥաС˵־úЦôʲô㻹
رСôһ̣ʱŲ֪˵ʲô


 3 

ˮĺһĻС˵ϲ
ˮϴһʽ´ɵϡ
Сһ´ﶼӡŴġ֣֡Ϊ˽衣
Щ󲻹󰡡ֱߵķëСûͦܵġ
±õһľţһǺһԼķУ滹šż˿
󣬶µģвСıŪ¸˸һʽ͵
ôܲ󣬹鶼±ӵĿ̫ˡ
ԧ챻һ״ոްʲôµġ
ȻһֻһгȴҲǵһͷһǮˡ
ԼϴУԺЩøҶ˹Сﲻϰ裬ȥԺˮϴͷȥˡ
ֻҴ˾һʼҾһ
СӦ׮˵ˣҲǿףźһʼӦ׮¡
磬ǽʲôرЦرֺãӻ鱻ֺû
ԶԶԣش磬ʲôأҿⲻӳЦ˵
ҪԼȥôˣǸöˡӽķ˾ҺСԣӵȥ𴦳ȥһʲûƢͷһֱŻء
ӱû뵽ģû뵽Լов˵Ļӡ
رӳпŴӳŵò˵
Ӻ֪ɵ㶵ģһ̹Щ
ϲƣʣµĲ˶˼Ұˣһ˵ɾ͵ϾͽЩһ£˵
Էˡһʽ˰ݵϣӶ˳Եþ⣬һҲûرӳ
ⶼ¶ʮˣûöԣ֪Ҿͻسˡӳкܺڡ
һʸ⼸֪˼٣Ψӳнûȥ
ȥȥӳпųﵽͶ١ıЩ˼ȥˣΧ˾͵Щ۹⡣
극һʽʰ˾ȥЩӲûӺӳʳ
ˣԼȥ
С罿ĺرʹС˳軵˵ӳΪѵڳŴʯһѲ̷
ߣȥдһԼСžš
˶ԼҪӻ飬һʾųȥ֤û¡
ˣСš
ûСһϷϡǶ˵㻵һſǶ족
ţʵ˵Сͬ
֪ĸӵĺͯһ
㡱һʰѺӽй
ҿһŴչּɲɾ
Сһȥ涼дЩΰ˵ʫʡ
ּУүүдİɡһȻʶ֣дҲÿ͡
ٺ١ͯЩ˼׬Ǯǳԣ壬㲻ץҰɡ
ȥȥȥһЦŸߡھαȥץߡ
ССԶˡ
С￴һֱɫŵĴӳôõһеܳԾ
дһֱϲŭɫŬɻٵ͡أǳȣǺرӵ
үүһһéݣһŻ
ռľмȼϨľмĻӿһֱš
ζ̫أѬ۾Сܲ˵ػӻ֣Ȼſڲٽȥ
СѾͷ֪үĳСܲ
۾ۣѬšһʽ΢Ӧ˼룬漴ʵүүдɡ
һʶ˺ֽͱīֽ֮ǰԼģīȴӵġ
⣬ү̲סʿˮǲԼжûԹˡ
дʲôӣ
ǧ,ݾ˴Ңһʿĵƴһһ˳
ΰ˵ʫʣҪŬƴľͷ
С￴һϵƴúЦѹϴͼﲻ֪Щʲôԭдƴȥˡ
Ȼ˵û飬ʶֵı׾СžЩ
аɣʧȥĸѧҲΪԼСҲΪ¶вõĿ
ϵīˣһСĵľôͳСؼȥ
Щ׺ãȥôˡһͻȻ£СԼһˡ
Ŷת뿪ĳСͿһƾɵӵĶԼ
ԭļ䣬С֪Ǹ÷
ųСһոµѣº黨Ьʲô֪ġ
˺޺޵ؿһۣͷҲصȥ
лҪ˵лл  ѩ,ӪҺ

 4 

Сһ˫ϵ׵黨ЬŪôһЩŮĽѣŶߵʱһ·˲˵Ľʺޡ
ղǸν÷СԼҪˣν֪ȥڴôء
ԺرĽǶ˵ߡ
ɽԭĳС˾Сۡ
ֳϿСǹһѺЬӣʲô׵ġ
û뵽Լһֱϲ˾ֲõİݽ塣
ȥôֹֻˣĸ׿ŶЩ⡣
ʲôģЩ⽨šֳ־裬ǮʡţԺõŵʱ
һ꣬Ŵϲϲ죬Ǯʡ
ֳϿһֽң󡣺һ˴ѣʲô򣬶ΪһǮҪٿѵġ
ΪĲƸȲؼСӣԳСֻûǮѣӦЩĥ
żֳ̲ס±ͷʹޣŵĸæο

ҳŹսǴĳ¼֡
£¶ʮˣʲôϾԼŮҪӵĶ˽Ϣһ춼ûš
㻹еңҵǺŮЩʲôӴ󺰴У˿˶ˣԿӾƴҲǵýг¼ҹŮ治ɡ
Ů˺˼ңҳǵ˸Ůôףصģˣûʣʣ˸˼ˡǸˣСϲŮ˶ԣʱʱҪ˵ϼԼļ⣬˵Ĺһ㶼ˡ
⻰Ц˳Ҳšðˣ׷ͣ⿴Ϸ
ޣѹǺŮǸԣ鶼ǴϾͻˣ֪ԼҪȥ˼˽ҲûšͳСôƯĹŮҲܹյԼԼ
û뵽Ů˾Ҳر֡
ŮƭҶӣת۾ȥǸǮĺһˣǵĿںʲô¿࣬ΪЩںűǳ¼ҶѧȥˣӺ޺޵ùȴǡ
һץȽһֱӽ˸Ūڵء
֡´ϽС˵עӰ족
ȻǿΧЩˣҶΪΪĿںűŪò֪룬Ǽǲ˼벻


 5 

һԱǽȺԼӵĶ
Ȼ壬ǺһԼйء
ϾҪˣСĵ㿴šԸ£һʼææڶȥ
ۿ·Щ˿ԼɫԾһ
¼ңֱ£ȻƤԴáˮ󣬲֪ô£Խ˵Խ
֡һʴ˶ＷȥСһЩ·
ҿּӴ¡ԿͶĻˡ
һЦһּӣûͱϹ¡ţ΢ʶ˼ʾõˣ¶˶ȥ
һǵ֮ĻӶʲôţҿҪǴӳú̸̸ˡ
شӳּ˵СΪǮֳϣ£кµ˾ʵ
ҼλԱûʲô⻰վסš
һ⻰һ˲мЦһʼˮνͲгû
ѹˮǵðΣպͼֵܸŪģг£ȫĻ
һʽӹĸݹѡƽձڿܸɣʲôĻƶԸȥǹĳҽЩʡЩǮҪʣȥ쵼ңҲ±顱
ҽ컹СﴩոµްЬҲ̫ݳˡȺС˵
Һɷˡһʿ˵Ĵ㡰׬ǮԸõģɷ׬ǮԸƳҲãܹ˭أ˵ɷ
⻰ú޲ȥΧ˷׷׿˵Ц
ӡһʶҺͳСǻ࿴ˣͷβûʲô¡ǵϸ˵ҵҪȥ״ˣӳͷˣ/å
㣬㣬㡱ָͷһ˦һ˦ģؿֱۡ
Զӳˡ¡
ԶӳȺһҪһ֣Ⱥ˾Ͳɵּ̾ӣϽ
ԶӳСĵŹֱ
Զӳ¹غܵøҸ˵һҲֵ̫󣬱ϾСﱻץӻ¿Ǻ֤ܶģִˣֻԳСﲻ
ԶӳȻҲ뵽ԸԺһʵͷҲ
ӺͿڴĲغƽϡҿ㱣֤Ժֳĸȥ£ҾϢһµ彻αδá
ֳԶԶţֱҲҲȥˣܹĸס
ûֳϻعͷ߷ߵĪҼֳзһ족


 6 

Ī
С⻰ʱЦһЦۣЩ
˵⻰һ㶼꣬ˡ
۸Ҳ˵⻰һһԼƴܶ˵ЩлĹ
رЩˡɩӣЦ
ûЦЦԼֻǸпԼĺˣҪԼٳЩɲñһСӸסˣ
մһҲҪҪĿӳϣתһ룬СɵҲʹǶԺرһҲһûСǲθڡ
ɩ㻹Ц֪ˡرҲСˣֻǽɩӣΪҲǾɩΪ˹õӶǸ÷
Ŷ
Ƕ˵˵㰮ơرܲ˼롰Ϊ˹õʱڼ޸Ҹġ
˶õҺδ֮УûﲻΥ£Ҳʲôָҵġ
û뵽ˣرʧ
ˣҺͼֳϴûһӻҲӳϵġŶΪҾ͸ü޸ţһӣ
㣬֪Ҳ˼رܾɩ⻰⣬˵⡣
˵˰ɣͬ޸ȷʵΪԵĴõĶһ˺Щдѵǿҳúÿ۰Ͱ͵ͬ£
˵ˣѵƣֻ²Ů˲Ǽֳԭӻ˽ΪԭÿҲȼֳϺЩͲԭûԳֳֳϻŲš
Ҵ粻ǿˡر˵Щûеǳ㰮
ôˣ㲻
˵ҲŲˡرԭضţֲõӰ
㲻ϲӳУ½׺ĨľƵſϣС˴
ºʲôϵرϸӣųСһһ
Ǯ֪ʶ꣬ϲѵǰƣ
ҡرۿˮӿҺŲô£ϲ
ֻ˳߼ѣ˵Ҽ޸ǰƣϲӳиǰƣʲô⣿
ⷬ˲ס˺ر죬СѾͷҲ˵ˡ
СҪľЧرֶֶ£ȻǺõģȥܻ鷳Сɴ˵ϾҲСѾͷЩúһʳ¡


 7 

һⷬﲻ֪ǺζѴĸľ·ݸ˳С
С·Լľ·ȥˡ
Ժһ쵽۸ɩӡһʶû
۸ˣƤҶֻһ仰Ҳزϡ  
ֻ˵ûҪеô˵һ־ݸᡣ
Ƕ۸ҡرҲ벻Լ˵ôǸƺ«ǱһƵġ
ˣ˵ˡӳסۼңҲҪ־롱һһֱ¶
Һװף˵
Ҳ˵֪Щ֪¹ｻ֮سȢģʹǣ˵ӳмܺã÷ãһܱȵģѽİɡ
֪½õĹҲŮ֪౻»캺Ӹסģ˵׻ŮĳⷽҪԿһЩԺһ֪Ӻӳл࿴ۺһֱš
ұȴԼȵԼɣȢɩӣԺҪ׬ЩǮˡر߿ˡ
һʽ˷䣬ͼС·Ѽ·˵¡
⼸ɾԼ⼸̫պۼˣҴ¡СͷҲص˵
¼·һĥˡ
ոպ˵Ļˣ˵ϲǮһʽ·÷һԡ
ϲ㲻ϲԿ۵ĸɻΪʲô׬ǮӡСʰ˺ڴϾô
˵ǶȿԿһʵĴȡ
ûǮӦ𡱺һһĮؿȻĴӺӱƵŸסˡ
ȻᣬôˣҵȻҪһõġֺֻƣְ׳ϲңҰ谮ĻǷһƨծͷӦ£
һ룬벻һӵĳСʲôֻóٶ۵صͷԼ˵⻰е
ǮҪǳòЩҲǲӦġС˵Ŷ޳һ˫ȿֿ
㿴ʲô
ȰЩջ񵰸һС˵Ż죬Եˡ
⻰ͷƤֱĺһʸϽŵӵԼǰСּǲĵط˺üۡ
㣬治֪ߡһù·Լǰ־̫ˣСǷŵֱۡ˳ȥ
СЦô


 8 

ʮ컹ûأСͱžŪ˯ˡ
һһʵڳͷæ
ôú͵ƣ
л͹ˡһʱͲǸ˷ѵˣֻ֮ǰϲԴִЩ
Щǳʱĺ򣬼ĺǫ̂ϣ滹ƮѩСվôһͷһܾûŵĺһʻͦ˧ģ־ô˾һζͷ
Ҹ̡ÿЩ򣬺һһϴвˣҪŹͷҲҪͷĻʵæ
Ҳýһ²ŶԡС֪ϰײͬطϷĳأǴʮĵһٷ극
кرΪǱܸ谮ŮԴСЩ¡
С￴ʱ򻹲ʲô񴩵ˣһææŵģ־Щۡ
ҲҴС߻ˣڵǺˡһЦЦ
ˣС뵽кرӳеĶǶԹ־ԺöЩӣƢҲãԺڱ۸
ԺЩܵĹŮ̫˵ãܲȡС
ŮˣͷϲЩӽģϲ֪࣬װЩһֱӴӵαװ
ȻЩϴ·ӻũæʱ򣬺رҲŴµأҪ˵̫ҲһֻΪ֪ӳװˡ
ǻɻǿ׳ˣҪܻᷴˣ˵ҲСҲͺһʶ˵кرһֱһӵţЩ꣬СܾøýЩģֻܱ޿Ҫá
ѵ㶮ҲģһʾúЦСǰǼģ۸ɻȲӡ
ҵſС˿⣬ϻ
ˣǽ˻ûҸĸءͻȻ£Сѵ
ʮǼҳҹ㸸ĸһҲҪҹˣôȥ㸸ĸ
¼ңһ˷ͿʼԣҲǼ򵥵Сˣ˶ŵү
Ӽ޳ȥˣԺ͸òСӵĻˡǾͷۣõ˸û£Ӱûء
Ҳ´Ų˵뵽Ǹ÷ܾ÷̬ȲãҲ֪ǲˡ
ô̬ȲˣСӾϲ˵
´ŷ뵽·һʵ¡÷кû뵽÷ؿֻǵͷЩƲ硣
뵽´ίȥҲ벻ͨԼʲôˣ⵱ӳ÷


 9 

֣裬硱Сеļ˴к
⻹һμˡ
мһӣͷһҰмС⣬ֵǮĲˡ
һһװŵıɺһֽŵĺǿ飬һƿ׾ƹ
ԴӹЦúϲ£죬ǼҹмСԾǲˣŮ˾ƻ˴ûװŵıɹֱһҶ
裬С⣬һҶ˹ˣɡСｫݹ
˵ʲô뻰ءԴ׼һ£һһԡ
극Ů˵Ż
ԴŮȥ˳мµһ¡
裬ֱ˵ɡСﲻϲգʲôֱ˵Ĩǵͷۡ
ҺһֱǣӻҲ˵ˣҾ㣬ﵽô뷨
ԴЩԹףҲûܾôҲû뵽ͻȻô˻飬ǰۼҵӶˡ
֮ǰҺͿʵǶòС￾Ż֡ͺһɵ˲ӻ顱
ǾͺãǾͺãһֱΪأ˵㲻֪ôڿӻ㱿Դ쿴ͷŮСʵӺرжû
Сһת˲뷨裬ͱˣôҰѺرܸӣ
ô˵أô˵״ģ
ҲýŵԡСʲô㲻֪˵Ըãǳһ㣬ƸûСٿر˼ˮжƵһСˣǳҲʸ֦Ҳ
Դ챻Ů˵ɫͨ죬ŮҲ֪ôˣǰŮԼ£ŮûзԣǷԵ
㵹Ʋ磬Ȼܼ޺شӳôͲȢرˣѵǿϰٱ
ҵȻҸǿСֱ˵ƾⳤ࣬ͱҸǿ˰ٱ㵫Ҫ޻ȢǮƳܵһʲôûлʸ֦ںؼҹȥ
һʲôˣ綼֪۵ýҪû֪֮ԺǺϹ϶ⲻǺң
ôһͨԴϲ
Сﳤ˰ŵ㣬´෴ҲԴһֱ벻׵ġ
ᣬ˵ϹͬˣܵΪ벻ǡ
һͬ⣬Ҳͬ⡱Сε˼ҽģǺȢۼʲôԿࣿûҪԼȥҲš
Դ첻˵ˣԼȥʣᱻһŮϡ
ˣˣӽҲˡԴ
С޶ԣǿ


 10 

³ؼҹļ֪½½ķ¸ɻˡ
ôڼﲻܰɡӳЦ
ˣҲ»𳵣ǴڴߴЩϽͶȥһ˼û죬Щھ˱̰ͼܣѽұ÷ˣ룬겻ȥء
꿸Ŵ׼׼ȥˡ
ӳһʼʰشӳ֪ǶˣסҲ£׼ˡ
ǼӵҲũʳãǼҪʲôŶпվͰһʵӳǺϸģЩ֪Ƕϲ
ϡӳӺͺرӻָǡ
رǰһʿ˼ŵͣסŲ
ҲԶ·͵ˣô᲻ˣҲ˼Ц㡱һ̾
СŹӲ˵źرӳֻð̸ɬߵģ
ٿԼ˻ģû̸ļˡ
³ʮرȥϰȥˣＸͬʱʼӲ㡣
ǰȥӣ͵
ʱʱԻ֮ܰæǡþһˣæúܡ
һӾкüһӵֲԽ겻Ů˻꣬ˮȥˡ
΢ĺӶʼڼշϹȥ
ҪԴÿʱ򼸸ӳΧŸתæýŲմء
Сûˮһš
˵ղУҲô¶ͷŲ˷ŵΣ˾ܳԡ
һ³ĳС￪ʼõﶼƭ˵ģҲǵһûаѲպûаѹջûеݵôš
˿ԼĳСŷȥҺһˣǰʱȥתƣϸûô˯
СžӳҲѰҪĵ¶̫ˡ
ܳôСҵһʣһ뷹ھͰˣʵ
ܳܳԡһżɻ뿪¡
е̫ûòˡ
СﻹƫˡҸˡ
һȺ˻ͷ¶ļ֪࣬Ͼѧʶ
Ҹ顱СӳмǵˣǰӳмˣһŮ֪顣
С￴ҲϸӳгɼҲã˵¶©
дͽ¶˲һӵĲ⣬ζںһӳˡ
ҪţҪǺһģӳҲȥ


 11 

Ҽǵⲻɣӳ֪СǶġ
û⡱Сﺬ
ȷʵ⣬ⲻ棬ӳ۾⣬һӵĲһЩ
ֽŵҲǱˣӵĴӳԶӳһӦϵһͽ
һ棬Լӵ˻¶ĵġʹмԱָһʶԼϸ˼һռԱĺ÷ٰԼķʽ
ΪЩԭ򣬺һӳ⼸꣬һӵĸĲõġ
ȻһʵԼӵģӳĶѧϰûľͻԺһ
ӵԶӳǶԺһһλ
һʼСţҲˣӾ˵á
ˣһʿһ֪Ӽ³çͿʼ
⼸С㶼ӻȥһʿ׻С˵㡰˭ģ
źشӳ湤ģСЦЦ˵ͦ˵ġ
С̾ѾһˣǸ⣬Ҫ³ֵۣˡ
Сӳˡǿ׳ŵӹء
ӳһ˵š210нһ׼ˡ
С￴һ˵ĽţмЦЦ
κ󣬳СͻȻץס󺰡ѹ˰
һҲСĽкˣ̫˶ӵ˳صˡ
ղŹýͰ㣬ĽˡСϰĺһʽ͵
³ơһõؿӳС
ӳӺҪǳ⣬ɾʹˡ
22218нӳǶţǺ£οɲˡ
Χ˷ŭĴһξˡôˣ˭֪ӳСӼǴ˶٣
ӳпˣСȴץ˲šӳдҲдѹ
˵ǿƱӳҿǲСĽûע⣬ųˡ
ҹ۲˺üΣÿζС￴źһʡ㵽Ųҡ
˶ţȴǶܲˡ
ˮ̹ǣȺվˮֱӳ㻹Ʋˣ
Сںһʶ˵һ賿ĵɵǸȫ⡱
⡭һ˲ȭͷ漴С˵ȥαʣµļŪ꣬ʱ벻
СͷЩ˲ע⣬ȥαȥˡ


12

Һαΰѵһ³£һٶˣСŻ
һɵֻһٶԺһ賿صʱҲûôɣֻΪǽճɲá
÷ֵ磬⼸һ֮ȫ˳ŪˣŪͰĴǿһʰ˿š
ˣһֱæαδżˡ
°˵ӳΡһͶźһһôҪôͰӳôһ֪
ۿҪζӳϣСܾòãⲻ͸һˣкһʷֲԾʱѾˣʧҲ֪ĸڳ˴Ҳɺһʺӳ˳е
Сڹָˣôθںһϣ
ΣҿǿġСָһԱܵĴǿ˵
ΣɵǿͲˡصʱǲСĽˡ
ü˳أôһ˽ŲɾҲعˣָ㲻ǿΪʲôô
һӵĲغÿÿͥĳԴô޴ġ
Ӧ˵˭ô˲£϶ָʹС˵
һɵʱҲڳô֤ǸĲҸɵģͰҲֹһǿε
ޣҺʹô꾭飬֪ﲻʺҸáĳ
һʺζԿһۣץҪץߣǣüˣҲû֤֤һǴǿɵġ
ΣһʧôһʳΧϷ֪⡣
κһͰ³أһڣô㣬ڶЩζˣ㿴ô죿
ָЩǰɡһһصȱϡ
УȱڲˣҲˣӳԼδ뿪ˡ
һʽ𻵵ѷָǡҲˣ˵Һú룬֪ͨҡ
Сڵôȱڣ
ЩԤַÿÿ궼Щ㣬Щ㲹Ͼˣȱ˵ȥʱ˼ȥ
˳˵͵㲹ϡ
ССﲻ⡰ԼҾͷôЩ㣬ԼҪԵġ
ȥ˼ҲǶ¡һڵ淴˼ԺܷĴ
Сﻹǲ⣬ƽ޹ʵʧЩǮƣ۵ûš
硱رȥ㴮ȥˣڲŻ磬㲻ͷӳаɡ
Ժһüáô죬ͷҲȲ㡱
ȱ˵ô¡رЩż
룬ȥѻɽǿͰҲһȥ
һģȥѻɽرЩ⡣
СһתźһЦҪȻȥѻɽӳȥϽʧ
СͻȻתȴ˱һʸ˼硣
ǮƱҪǲǣ벻ǮǲǣһʿԼСӣһһʵ
ҴˣˡСЦθۡͷ̫ӲˣҶۡ
رһԣƲ쿴ˣߺߵһˤţӶ졣
Ѿͷŷ£һЩΡ
˯ûСʱԼ賿ӣһú͵ȥʣµȥˡ
СﱻѺҲ˯ˣϸеݡ
ԭӻ󣬺һʺȢǳһǹŶӼ޹ġ
Ҳûϸд˺ûӵԼĺӡ
Сﲻ֪Լ㲻ǺᵶᰮкһʵİһˣԼûӻ飬ǲǸıһ˵켣ء
ȥڴϴĳСﷳűӡ
ˣСһƱӾȵպǸˣһʺǸעһԣ£Сֻ׬ǮӣǮ˺γҲ˧ġ
ţСصͷپ¡
ڶСĽһʺõˣ漴ŷвгȥһͷȥˡ
Угʲô
ǣбȫˣҾͷ

СתͷŮˣⰴ尴÷ͻȻŵ
ûɡСﳰЦǡ
Ѿͷ
ޣѾͷNɪ˶õġ
ʯͷҳСС²ȵ÷ɿ죬˲ںͷ
Ľ~~ֺ~СﵥгżԼ̱ˡ

ǰͷȻһˣﳵĳСӦһԵڵء


 13 

СгˤһȴǼֳϡ
ºˣ
Сгٿװŷ˵붼ˤˡ
СϺˡֳϿոµгһֱܶĿꡣ
Сﲻػֻǰеùⷹ˸ˤˣֵûȥŪһ
׼ͷ뿪ĳСֳһסгûʲôҪҽ͵ģ
͵͵ð·˶͵
СΡʲôý͵ģ
һ𳤴󣬶˵ǰ䣬ӻ¶ͻȻͱ⣬Сôôҡֳѹ
ʲôӻ飬ǶӳкͺرЦңҴСֻ㵱ѣɱ롱
СʹŵǼֳųߡ
û취ˣСһ˰ˣå
ֳŵһ£Сϲȥ÷ɿ졣
ޣռСҲԼվӡСﰵ
÷򡱳´⴩ľ·ùæɻ Ұҹæ㿴ûʲôҪġ
Ǵˣ
͸ˣûҰָ߳ˡ´һư峵
һʽӸԡ
´ĥⲻǸ¶÷һǶӲǱӣ۾۾ġ
شӳ㿴ü޸㣬ǾһˣҪʲôòõģɵֱ˵´Ц
ǡһЦһó´ġ
һǡʲô˼´ͷԡ
ϣӼ޳ȥһͻȻʡ
ȻȻ´Ц˾ôȻ㶨ȵǶЩͷˣɲõļ޳ȥ
´ô˵һȴˡҺһСôһӣֻǧѡѡõģûôļ
ǣǡ´һʺ˵ʲô
͵ˡһͣסŲ´Ű峵Ҳͣ
ӳһŮ֪緢عˡشӳ˵ˣӳ֪ɲ¶ʲôõĻЩŮͬ־ͱЩͷԵͬ־ˣ
⻰һΧŮŮʼԱò֡
һɨһۡ۾ɵ÷ϸˣǳأм¶ҲСģֻ
ӳɡһСӾ֡
һȥһ֪һôд𣿡
ԶгĳСһʻصҼ
~һȺЦ
ôôһ˿ʼԼһԳ緹
СûԼк磬ôˣ
ҿ÷ûʲôҪҰæġ
ҿеûţ⹦ڼϢϹûйҲûָ㣬æСﲻôࡣ
ͨԭļݣ֪绹Ժ˵Ҳûִ磬ҲûоС
⻰һʶһˡ
ԼԴ˵ôѹ֮ǰ˵ãһֱȥ
ѹôæԭǳġ
ôţһʵҲôˡ
ߴ磬СźһʡǴǿôŹ
֤ݣһҲ֣Сôô϶Ǵǿء
۾ġСҲ˵Լ֪ݡԼǮȥȱڣһͷ꣬Ⱥûźã̫ƽˡ
ûʲôģȻֻȥѻɽӵЩ˲Źһʳ극Աһžʹѥˮָȥˡ
԰СﷴӦˡ˶ɴǿʲôͼԺӿ϶ùء
ã
Сôһ룬ͷˡ
ɽϣӳƵذλĲݡ
Ҳһ԰̾ģǿ
ӺﶼԹ˵ûֱӵ֤֤ɻ£ͷЩ뷨ˡ
һžںͷ¿ˮûķݣźҲȫֻǸ
һųͷӳ۵ۣûþ̱ʪʪϴ
ι˵ͦǮġֵܹӳ˵
ҪǮôǿ϶ŪˡӳЦ
ֱ֪˵ܹ󣬲һġֵĽؿⱲҲûĶ
żѣⶫû˼ǿʱ䷽һ绨ЩǮԵġӳнֱȥȻֱһٶ࣬ûҪЩ˵ʵ۸񣬲Ʋ©鷳
Ҳǣװ׻ǮʲôֵܿϧǮһ⣬Ҳ̫˷ˡ
ˣ˭˵ģӳкʵ
ʳõʦ˵ָļԱҲ˵˵ʲôǰԶֱˣҲ
ӳ룬治ʶЩˡ


 14 

ι˵ûԴӳǿȥСϺͺһ¡
ѹĻԶӳôǿģǿ˳ͷԶӳ϶밲οǴǿһ˵ȥ
¹ڣǿֶŮôˣһʲСԴǿôȤ
һԶӳʹǿʲôСúһʶ£ߵ㾯裬ϾҲʱʱš
֪дǿֽŵ£ݺѾˣԶӳʲô¡
һͷǲǲˣѰ˼ǷԶеġ
˵С֣ȴһץ֡
ֲСдǰ׷죬෴ȴЩֲڡ
ϸϸСļ롰Сﶼƭ˵ġ
ޡСʹس֣ϲ˧綹ȴ˳СĴСǷ֬ȻȲϣôˣ
Ҳ˼һʸоԼ˵ˡЩǧСǶʮָմˮǺεûȻ㡱
ҲÿûⱾ¡С﷭˸ۣȥͷˡ͡
ֽиͣװڸ۵ĨϲƤѡ
ӴһСһֱ۵ĻƷ
ԱȴǰЩһװӵĻƷζʵ㲻Ϻš
ⶫҲͦõģԭ̫ںЩСﴩֶ˺üӣⶫû죬ЩСӾʧˣҲˡ
һùⶫ㲻ΪЩġ
ʲôءСһ㵱ЩΪ㣿ΪԼÿ㶮
ЩΪŮ˻ױΪǣСֻǺˣϲģİˡЩĳˣһȥ
һʿĨĨͿŽţܾ鷳˵˵ΪǺһ֪ЩŮ˼Ƥ˵
Ժȥõ˪Ĩ
˵ջ˭ᣬ˵Сɲܱ򶯵ġ
áһʵͷӦһҪõĶ
ˣĨĨСһû͡ҿǽźѿˣ⼸춼Ҳۣ
Ҳáһƿⶫܾһⶫ̫֡
ϻҿѿĿӰǴϱӵ߶ˡ
һ⻰һʶʱεˡŶ
ùⶫһʱȥ֬ĨϺͽϡ
СվȥĨͻʲô˼ģǲ˰㡱
æñסţһʲԼǶѿĿӵĽţ̫ˡ
ֻ˵ŴŮ˲¶Ÿ˿ѵǹŴŮ˲ɣСЦ˵žȥıҪȥ
һһס֡
󣬳С￴һֻ־ͽԼ˫ָյģɵøп
ǲǷѵˣһʿһ
С̧ͷһĲɵֻ谵ú͵ƹ£ԽԽ˧
üĿ޿ޡ
ѽСͻȻСؾȵ
һָֻ֣ͷָŶԷܴ￴Լò
ţСû뵽һԼò
˵ԭòԭŰ˷ԭ续Լ·ˣ
ţСЦҲǺܰˡ
ĪһʿֵķӦطſ֡
лҪ˵ղ~ղ~~

 15 

Էˡһʶ˼
һǱһ˻ͷβը˵Сԣмһּ˳ԣһƬϵҺӾܳˡ
Ҳ̫ˡСܵسֳɵķˡ
ɲǣҸС6ͿʼԼվͷˡر˵ЩѹҸõĸ硱
磬һһʴùЩꡣһʴСʲôӻɣ׬Ǯȥöʶ̫ۣ֡ģޱ߶˼׷
ôˣޡһʸ˸־ȥ
ף־ÿرⶫ᲻òˡ
ɩһҨͷͻȻסˡͷֻһŮˣһԼСӣһԼӡ
ײ֪Ǻõĺһԭء
С￴Ȥض뿴ô
رҲ˵ôЦղſ˵ԼõĴ磬뿴ôѡ
ܵߵĺһʾ˼룬漴һԲͷԼ
Ⱥرתͷһ͵͵ͷϵͼи˳Сĸ֪ġ
СﲻϲԣⶫԭϲԵĶ
ɩӣû뵽㻹嶫̵ôÿ
Сҧסˣ־еģǴʱ䡣ֻԭȻЩ߻嶫ȴǲģҲû˽̹
ÿҲ͵͵ѧġСϹߵǰʱ֪￴һ飬и巨ҵʱЩ鵱С鿴ԼؼҲŰ裬Щ
һʸż˸̺õĲƬ츳
ЩݶģֻҪɫ;úÿ
ɩȷʵҲرͻȻЩԴסҶʱһֱǵһˡ
һĲ֪ӵ˼ָƬǶܴⲻʶֵǿ
ѧҲѣѧԺ¡С˵ŻͼرԼİ֡
Ⱥһʰ꣬Сʵôˣ
ɱ˵ˣҴһСʱ˵Ҫʶ֣ͷҽ̣ȴԼ͵͵ȥԱ߶͵ѧ
ʱûнѧУӵһϼƣСѧһÿ극Ͷ͵ѧһʶ˼֡
ҴҲ֪ôģ˵ʶͷƢˡرԹ
С⣬˵׾ǲԸ׽ǰʾǿ¡
ӰˡСϡ 
֪˺һԸصĳСֻú棬Ͼ˽⵽˵ԸǳĬ͵ġ֪Խ¾ԽǸˣʱСﶼԼҪ뵽ˡ
ҪȥˣûʲôԵģҿԸر˵
ˡСûθڣµǿϹʲôģûȤҲûθڡ
رֻߣƵĵͷˣϸǳԡ
ʲôˣ
Сɶͷԡ
ȥ˶СŤŤʱתȦ£ıںͷĺһʿзһ
Ҫȥ࣬ϲŻѲ˺ͷشӳ˵žȥƽĵط֪ͨ֡
СеԵصͷѹûȥͷ˼ô¸


 16 

塱İǳСгNɪشš
ȻˣСﲢûҪҫʲôNɪֻ˼ȥģǿСгƾǾڇNɪ
ȻǶԺһʺ𾴣ȢСȴЩԱǺܲϲ
Ҫ˵С䲻ǵĺشӳ
ɲǡһʹļףúشӳŮǲˡõƷôͿ꾫ء
ʵ˵꾫ҲΪԭ򣬴ĳС̫ÿ̫ˡ
ԭƯǴµ͵
Сﴩ´綼֪ѧǽһ̵ģȺǾͿˡ
񲻹Ǻڻ̵񣬳СȴĻɫͷһµȥӷ׵ĴްֻǴŻɫë£Ҳ޿㣬ǴŵȷʵļĿӣŲһ˫Լ˵׵ĺСЬ
ʵҲûгֻǶԱԭЩɫʡ
Сǡǿˡ꾫֡
䡯һ£͵һɲгתһȦͻȻͣȺϴүϴǰ˸˧ƯƣϧˣǰҲ͡
ŵڵϣС￴Ⱥ˼ҡղ˭˵Һ꾫ţ㣿㣿㣿
һָ˹ȥȺҲ¡
ʱˣŮǳԹģɻһѺ֣󣬲ˣǰֺĳС
ʲô꾫û˵
ǡ
û˵ǺؼСˣ
С￴һšŶ~֪㣬һֱԼŮشӳˣȻ
ԭӻӾһֱԼŮ޹ȥϧûɡ
Ǻǣûе£ŮͺضӳһϵûС̫ЩţԼŮûҺö󣬿ɲܱСС˵ҹŮҪȻɱӲشӳˡ
ٴڵϵĳСŵصҽżʹһߣһػҳֱߵϡ
ߣҽǵúýѵ㲻ɡ
ҳ۵гߡ
УǰֳϲߣӻһС
ʲôûԹʲôصĻûɹһץסСгʹһ
ҽŵسŵĳСﱻ˺һ׶Զҽ͵ϻһۼ
˳ڳСϺݺһģгֵĳСˣˣͷεֻ۾ðǹ⣬ûӦ
һαĴϣӡӡ
źؼСˡ
һ˻ǱȲǣЩˡ
ţԭĳСгͣһԣгĽųšԼ³ŤŤӣһͷˮ
顯

ͻȻ֣һȭ£Сֱӽ˸ڵء
ƾܱȲǰȺˣǷӦٶԼʽɵȵȣóúܡ
СϱӳҲǴ󸻴걻󡢼ܺ󣬳ʼԼЩѵ
кŮзֶζ֪һСȻ֪һĳ̶ȣǰѼЩŮŮſµĴڡ
Ӳ䣬벻ͨԼôᱻһС޸ܡ
׼սóСܳԾʵϣСЩ򲻵ˡ
йʵսĳСͰٴδſˡ
ҪļƣСЩˣϾ˼ʹˣһиʧⲻţѾӮ˱˳ĳСгܡ


 17 

ʮò񻰡
ӴĳСܿҵĺشӳ
½ųţгͣ£Сѳķ˳ضӳԷˡ
ĺһ֣ϵͶϴ
ôˣضӳע⵽˳Сϵĺӡӡ
ӸˡСｫղŷ¼˵һ顣
ȥضӳϹ׾Ҫȥˡ
СһסҵŮˣǲǸ˰ѱ˰ɣԼѾˡ
Ϊʲô°ѱһ괩ѥ˰ӻ˵ûһ˵Ů˸ɻܸɵıȱȽǣһư˴ſµҲкܶࡣƢˣ¹ŮСֱӾͿ
Сﲻ֪ôܹۡ鲻ãοѾˣ˵ڻ˼ء
ɩӶˡ͵Ұүүһǿ׳úܡ˵ǽˣѺü˴ſ¹
û¾ͺáСҲˣһԷԼг뿪ˡ
ضӳɩְ𣿡ЩСûģģļҹﲻǴްţ
֪ضӳҡͷ˵ɣִô٣˵°ɣصҪ벻ӡ
ϧˣضӳû˵ҪȲҪ¶ȡĻֻΪԼϱе㲻
ǷĺضӳͻȻ뵽һ⡰Ҽǵͷҽ˵˲ӣ
˵׷׵ͷɵӣĺӺпҲɵӣⲻ𣿡
ˣضӳʱԲ·Щɥ
صҵĳСǡ
С̬Ȳͬرеظǰһӡ
ǹһ֣СŬӡ
أһϲ¡Ǻ˿ˮԼִŵ´ɱŮ׼ú̥ˣƱԱĻø㣬׼һ£ȥ
ƱԱ
С뵽ӵֳĹЩܣ˿˺õĹԼˣǲʶô˵ǻԼвõĿ
ûɹøضӳҲСǰԤ룬ϣܴ⡣
ҺǼʻ˾˵ˣЩġǰѧУʹǱŮܸɣʲôõģ˵žаɣһµˡ
˼ǻͷĳС˵ǵøһ⺢ӺϢ
GСһξͣ½Ųתؼҡ

һʻؼʱͼСﰦ̾ġ
岻һСǺӡӡģһؼҵʱ·Ƕѵһ٣׼Ժ۸㡱
¶С¸Ҫô죿
ƱѣʲôѶȡһ˵ֶ˲ǮҲӲüʻԱȥЩ˿˵û۸㡱
Ǽϲ£ȥƱԱǺεȵҫһϲȥڶֻСԡ
Ϻһַȥ˯š
˵˸һӣǺһҲӰ˳С˯ܱܲˣ
˯ţɣȥ㣬ųӡ
һʵĵǳСﱻ۸СֻǵãܲҲĻ
֪ˣ˯ɡٽСʵˣתȥźһ˯ˡ


 18 

컹ûĺһʷ䵹ڹЩʲô
šһһɫĿſŴɫǡ
ҷּкܶЩոµСģСϣʵͦϲֿģǰ21ͻصЩʱЩУû뵽´鵽Ժø
һЩΣСűЩˮʲôľͺĽĸȥ磬Сֵֵ裬һֱûúøԼʲô
ʹЩˣЩǮˣ㿪ʼֲƵıûùľɫˮСȵȣͯȴһֱûǮĶ
ֲϲͶˡҶĺһʵͷ˵ѡ
СЩֽŲ֪ķŵӣ֪ѣЩ˳Լġ
ȥַһƷУˮ³ϴ飬һʿʼȥˡ
С𴲿У̫ˡеıЩĥ𣬸оװ׷
Թ緹һпʼʹѹѹӲǰѷ˷ˣһ϶ҲûС
м鶹ϲĴлһ5ˮ󵰡ЩڿԷʱǵøʻԱһԼ·ϵʳԡ
гϳСһʲ̤ˡͷҲҪȥ繤ĺرԼ緹쾹Ǹˡ
ӴشӳˡʻԱ·߱Ƿźһʹӻ֡
磬ϱһ칤ʲôûõ˵У۸ϱ
٣˵ģҿɲְ۸˵Ļ족
Сӿóһˮ󵰡磬ǳÿϼˡ
õĽӹڵϿ˿ģضӳСӿͦµġ
ÿһˣһȥһأϳܻأģܸϵϻؼҳ
GƱͼƱϱ˵
ӹСϸо˰죬ϧǸɶõġ
ǮͰƱϵĳƱ˼ңɵļƱǼƱġһʸС͡
ƱмҲҼǵģô֪ôأС硣
Ҷξ֣ԽƷ֣ҼǣҼ֡һֽ˹ҿһʱҲǲ壬Ը㻭
һֽ˵ЩѶȣͼԼ˵ͷУҼסˡ
ˣƱЩƱģ˾ͳɣҪշѡʻԱ⼦ķϣѵøϸϸš
ھ˵Ʊ㣬¡
ɣˡ
ˣһСšԶʡ
ʵûŪ£ҲΪСǲ˼Բװ
ˡСӵؿ㵱ӳŸõġ
ҲӸЦˡҲ⣬۸̰Ҫһˡ
С⻰ʶ졮˭أҼҺضӳ̱߶˺
û⻰˵ڣֻĬĬ²ۡ
ߣ˰һкͻȻһȺﱼ˳Сһô˳ôࣿ
ȥˡ
ټ
Щ˲ͣš
ؼСӣǸƽȥڼʻλ淢ĳС
Ұƣѧŵ㡱һΪ
೵ţǰŹˣһںǸʹЩ˽ȥ
족һſڸСＷ˸λãһѽЩܵĳСȻԼ³ˡ
ųŵĳС￴ֳֵգųֵζֻ뵱ȥ


 19 

ضӳڼءӵĶӳͺһ
㿴һʰ·һԣ˿ͣС֡
ӺӵĹȥæһ𽫴˸档
ࡣײˣӶӳϧ
һȥԱߵ˹׼һ
˿ǿ黵˵ľ壬ĳľȶԣһһֻŲͷרĵþǾľͷ
ҵĿȶһֻճɺۡӶӳ̾
Сǹһλӳû˿ΪȴҲ©Ǽ϶ò
ĴҲ˽ȥ귭ö࣬Ҫһ˲һʸǷҪ˵˵ȥˡ
˱һôһָЩҲסˡ
ӽĻɸԼҽõģЩС̰˯ֲ𣬵ȷ⣬ˡ
ҲǣҲǡ˲۹ƽ϶˭ҲȲشӳԺҲöѧϰǡ
һҲüƽǳģԼŶôش
ʮŶӶȥ°Ѵ˹ˮ
УܽʵҲ©ˮһʺλӳ֣ԼҲҪؼȥˡ
صҸϽСˣָһƹ⳴˳ԡ
磬һˡرϵĹȲϴ׼ų
Ҳɩһأһ·ҲиӦһʵݸһӡ
лл硱رż͵Щ೵ֲ׼ʱܲһֱȥ
ҲԶ·Ļ30Ӿܵ
Ⱥһ˷Сﻹûء
ȥɩӣҪǶ˾ԼȳԣԺöϡһгߡ
~~·Ͼ߻ĳСһʹﵽԱ߰˰塣
ڳ˼еĳСһ̧ͷһҪ㣬˰
һʱǸЦЦгΧһȦϳ
ͲͣСﱳб
ҪϲԼ߻ؼȥһ˵гΧȦ
սȭͷСƴ׼ʱ͵ܹȥźȥ
Ϊƫһ£һסˡ
ôôˣһʻͷһۣǵһμô
СûȲƫڵϡźÿﶼô
ȷʵͦÿġһʲɵõͷ
칤ô
ˣģ˴ҲáС
ôôˣɻƲǳģʱĺһʻС顣
˵ҽ󣿡Сˣһ춼鲻ãֻοĻ
˲οԼҲͰˣ˵
еĳСںͷʹҡš
ǲǣһʹŵȣһ㲻ܳСﵷҵӰ졣
Сﲻںʹҡڡ
һûˡץ˰ҪҷƢϰˡ
˵źһʹҡųͷС׼ץ·
ࡡ˷׷׵ڵϣҲˡ
ڵϵ˶һۣϬȥǵǳСٶȿ죬гˡԼ߰ɡ
ںͷĺضӳЦһ˵ϳСµķ˻ȥ
һֱһĻļֳۿͨ죬ĸȥЩû뵽ؼ·ϾͿ˹ŮһĻ
˺ضӳǮˣСﻹ˸ƱԱ˼ʵĹ
ǣ㿴СŮ˾ôҪǮȥˡּȰӡ㿴ŮҲá


 20 

رȥ硱ڶ磬Сϵӡ
ңرò˼飬ⵥǴɩĲôصĶȻ
رܿģȥɩӣĸ⻹ǵһء
УʲôԺһҪС׳زųӾˡ
߰೵̶ѳӷڹͷ¹ҪûңԼѳȥѳŪˡ
GرܿġɩӣҲﵥ̽Ұɡ
û⡱СﴩװװˤΣ񾭳ﳵż¶رɩѧʲô졣
ˣҺ˵Щ¡
ϾҲˣЩºһҲֱʡ
ʲô¶رܺ棬ʹСΪʲô¶Ǵ粻ʵģ
ӳôûʲôϵɡСûһôίֱ⻰
ʲʲôϵرɫ糺죬װɵ
ֱ˵ǰɣ֪ӳû͵͵ϡСε
ûĸҲ˼£ɩӵǵһİ
ࡡСͻȻԵڵأҲϡ
ԭǺر̫æҵСûպöȡ
ɩӣ˵ʲôءرĴã·ûˣԶɻء
ôͺ˵ˣŮҪǲСĻ˻ܿࣿСϺ·
˵лûССʵҲЩɻģϾкرδУӳûȢ˹ѺһҪȥżһ㱻
ܹһʺͿˡ
ûСرҲеˣɩ
ûоУ㲻֪Щ˿ɻˣɱ𷸴С˵ţ͸оһᣬԭررȥ
ɩӣԼ߹ȥУⵥҲˡ
СͣµһۡС
С˵žԼﳵˣУΪЩԹŮ¶ҪǺһһֱ¶ʣء
绹ûءСﵽѵһĹǰԼȥ˴ĵضֻǵ˺ܾҲûˡ
ûأ˵ӡGǲǺشӳô
Сһ˹ˡ
ʲôﲻæ
ڴڸչæһһ˿ϡ
СţойµζͿʲô
˱֭ⶫһϣֺš
СͻȻؿЩµûţԼ˵೵ζţ˲ⷨӡ
ϵϡСﲻⶫʲôãǺܸжһġ
ؼСǾ£˿ϵҲˣͷϵͷʲôѽǻġʻԱЦ
õ־ͷϣˡһЦ
СƲ죬Ӷƨ־ͷϵţʱֺÿʮĳﶼϲġ
ӾЩҳ˼ҿ㺢ӿúãЩҳֻǫ顮νˡ
ˣҽһȥһʵ
ȥĶ
ȥسǰ
Ӿһˣһ첻ɻˣǶӳ͵
ҴۼҵĵȥȻﵥһӦþܻءҴҲûҪ¶ǰ춼æˡ
ϱһֱģǲǲϰֻǱ۸ˣ;һ˸׳׳
С֪뷨ֻǣسǵﵥö۰


 21 

˵ǰ͵ͷһʵſڴƱǮ׼ȥƥЩࡣ
߳СȰ೵վˣʼˣ˺תͷһ˻ء
㲻˵һ۾ͻȥ
һĵͷҴȥٻ¥
ϴξͺ˵ҪõĲ˪
Ӵѹֶ˵ضӳϱһȻЦŶԺһʱ˱ȴĴָǾȥɣҪȥѡ
ͣĸкЩʻԱƱԱеľȥ档
СƱڳͷ漴ϵȥ˰ٻ˾
СﻹûسأζγˣҲû˼䡣
ǰֱǦʲôģһ»꣬һתôЩȥˣӶʱˡ
ÿζ
ЩǮʱ䶼·سǡʱûʹű˴ϲܻصҡ֪˰һ٣˵Ǳӹ˿ô죬֮Ҿһ˹ߡ
˶ӳʱһЩҪسĵĻҲԼ
ˡһʿ˿ƣͣ
Сƣνƶõһ鲼д·߸ϡ
ķг3ǮһΡиͻȻ˹Ц
һˣǵһгǲüķţҲ¡
С￴˿ΧЩûмķŵгԼŷ·ߵġ
ɫϲÿˡãģӱ͵˿ɱûСڡ
һģŻŻǡ
в
һͻȻһѾס˵ںĸϡⵥͷֻ㣡
룬СﶼûӦͱһ⶯Ūһ
ȰһƿΧΧ˼ˡĸ磬۸㣿
СҲţڵϾ׼ʱԼ£ȥ˰æҲУܹ鲻
һĳСġǹͷСүҲ÷ЩСӿɱ𷸺Ϳ

ĸ⻰ɻˣʲô˼
ࡣǺضӳǡһСͻȻϳæĸС˵šֶ
Ǹֶ⣿ĸǼɵӵġ
һʱҲ˵壬ǡ
СԼ֣ͻȻˣǲǵӣ
Ҳǣкһʺźرӳһҵʱ򣬻ɷѰ·ӣһʺڳǺһҲǳģһʺǹϵ
ԭǺضӳһʱϹģҼƽϡĸݸһһ֧̣õˡ
ȳС˰ٻУֱһЩױĹ̨ȥ
ЩȥӵĹҲ򣬺αСﵹ᲻ãֻǾĳЩµĹҲУ
ҲǶ±˵лһйǵģһۻԱﱻ˵з㣬ԺһʲȥǶ˼졣
õ֣һһŮˡ
ȱӦ϶ҪЩӪҵԱ
ͣ֡ӪҵԱˤһڹϡ
һɫ̫ãСֱӽ˦˻ȥ˵Ҫõģˣ
Ǻһʣй·˷׷ͣ
費˵
ӪҵԱһָͷСĶͷһһѴҪһ˪
ӪҵԱһϣһʴˣŲӪҵԱȰ⣬һ˪


 22 

һӪҵԱ˪ͳС·ϡ
ôңлֱ˵Сﺬ˿һǮŵˮǡ
ûûʲôһʸղſϱӪҵԱĳ棬ˣһֱΪС˵ӣû뵽
һ·߹ȥ·϶ЩСӪҵԱܵĳ
˵ӻ᲻ڹҲô˳СȤʵ
͵͵ȥΣû˳ܣԸͦõġһЦ
Ըã
С뵽ϺرƢ;úһϹˡ
ˡһó֤
ÿ¿ٲСʲôǲԼѵġ
ÿһһ߳ߵһʰѱӪҵԱɫĲҪ7߰͹ˡ
ӪҵԱѹ֤õ´˺һʡ
ʱóһСͺһһƫɫġ
ǲôˣҪɫĲһʴԼƱ֤ŷдɫĲ
ⲻƭ˵ҪɫĲСƱ֤ùִ
ɫûѾдˣͱƽˡû˳Сһۣǲˣǽһޣͷϴ񻨶ƵģԼҺҲ֪һܡ
һʰοС漴Դ˵²ǲǮ
Ѿдˣ͵øǮﲻˡ촿鲻ã԰
ŲСƿһҪִĻֱһӺ
ǹˣѾܹٵ磬ǰ鿴С˵ûɶ񴩵ʲôҪƱж磬Ѿһӻˡ
һֱŵŭһ̱һʶסȭߵļơ
ӪҵԱﱻĳСŵֱðϽںһʵĹ֤ϰɫĳɫָ˺¡ʵʵɫĲٵȡȵȡ
õɫϣһʽǮ϶ʹųСϽ뿪Ҫõˡ
һԳ̴סļСֱ顣
ĸ磬ҺûǵĵҪȻôסǷӣ
ӳСŭˣڵϷ
㵽ôˡһʶ
ôôˣôˣȥƵط
ǰͧɶԼĺӶûˣƧʲô˼
Ҳ˵ҡС﷢󣬺ܾɥ
һûˣųվȥ
ʲôҸһһųһ߶ųϵ
ô˵Сǲſ˵
㷢ƢҲиԵʣôùʲô˳ĵģһʲϱ˼
ӺùùˣСڿڡ
޹Ҹ͸ԣͻӸԣʲôģضӳĲˣôõﻹʲôģӲˡ
УСߺߵ㿴ӳУǼҲĸÿ춼ܳ⣬˵Ǽĸ̥УǲĸĶ
ҲǣСȷʵһӳҵп
Ǯ׬ģҲΪ¶λǡһֽѵ
ˣ˵СҲܰԼ˵һӾôͷŻ
׬Ǯ¶СЩйͺشӳ⡮졯꣬ҪȥүƵñýΡ


 23 

ȰѳС͵˳վһʿʼŵȥ
ﳵԶıӰСЩѹղŲӦóġ
һֱŵҲŵңһȥˮ
ضӳӳпųͷͶӳк
ϴص⣬ÿհŵĹӳƽû¾͵ȥѻɽƬطŪòˡ
㡱һڳͷʲôģ
ӳвʲôһʱ֮Щֻš
˵ͦǮģʡһʰο£ҲҪʲô£һЩ׬Ǯ·ӡ
šӳкҰҽʦ
һһ룬ԼȻǸҽЩС֪ʶѧʲҲЩ
Щ׬Ǯķӣһʸɴ£ֱ﹡조ǳ֪ʶˣ϶
ӳоЩΪѣһﳤǮС֪ʲô׬Ǯķӡ
ϲرȻԸںһǰ¶ӡ
ǰΧЩ죬ǹ׬Ǯءӳϸ˼
һʵЩ꾮Ĺǣȷʵͦ׬ǮģǷŵӰģǮҲٰ
ӳѵȥˣӳɻ
ûе¶ȥæɡһЩصķˮˮ
ӳʱˣһֻ᲻á
˵ҲԣܵһֱǰһӾôԵʲԷҲǲеġ
οһܸоСﲻôϲԼĪҪܽͷ
ȥճɫζȫĶӻ
رˤ죬Ϊϵ
ϾǸСɩӻӳв׵¶һֱŻ
СûҲˣһϴ˵ڹĲ˶˳
С˰ϣͼһǲͷ
رأС͵͵Ŷζ治
ϱӴûгԹһγԵһĶʱǴγ뷹
ֻǷŵлŵС;˼ζˡ
ڷ﷢Ƣù
С극ϴͽý˪ȥˣⶫʲô
һʰѴϣŽĲȥ˷
ŵرڴĬĬᡣھԼһˣûмû˹ذ
ǰĴҲԷûҲûǰ
ã޵ͨĺرɫȥҨˮϴ衣
û뵽ﻹú͵ƣرȥ򿪸ӣȴǴĲˡ
Ա߷һ״ļǳСġ

šһʿĨ˪ȥ֡
С﷭˹ȥ
һСëأźǼǮʲô𡱺һƤϱ󿴿ҿ
ǲҪСû뵽ƽĮ˹ڷô޳ܡ
Сһѳ֡ǲģ
򵥵ĳ³㣬ůˣǸɻæʱ򣬳³ʡ

Сһʣȥǻ·
ֱ׳µˣﻹԼСｫһӵԶȥ
㻹ǺӹˡһԴرʱڣļҲԼ˲
ҲССֹԭȷʵ·Ȼԭļ䣬һǵļ䣬ͻᳪˡ
СͷۣĵһҪˡ
лҪ˵ղ~ղ~~

 24 

ضӳ죬ӳӵϷˡ
ǵһӳԱ˵ҪѷӳʱŲϣ
һæϷֻƵ̵ݵߡ壬˵һ춼ǹ͸ĳҶǴִǱߵС·ǴӿϷš
ӰÿԱеĴ£ȳԷ˯ҪСÿصһҲܿӰ
Ϸ˵ƻ·ߡҪÿӶӰŲˣ
һʶߵһСʹɫСȥضӳļһǹ
壬»ʱһӰǣûȥŮһʲݾܾذһʲϷ
ǹϷһëһ۸ˡ
У°ϡϷԥǷͲҽ컹ȥͷسҪ
²÷æϱǰ೵ƱԱңϱȥȥ
ãáϷЦúϲ£졣
壬ӳӵͦɡضӳͷ˸ľͷ׮ġ
ɱˣ⹤ʶ࣬ĶѪǮϷ̾ػظ翪Ҫõƣǲ۶ԶϸϹȥ
˵ŵӰÿ쿸ôصӣĲ˸ɵĻϷضӳԼĽš㿴ϴɽ·ʯͷġ
۹η껹·;˳ȺӳӵΪ˸ԱǴȥ֣í˾ܣûһϢʱ
һϸ룬ȷʵۣһ˻ɲˡ
ҲǺܿɹ۵ġ
ôضӳҲȤϷźضӳһ˼Ц
ҵǲ񣬾Ҳû·ӡһʰڰ֡
ˣСӳӡҲѣ˵Ǹӳ»ˣضӳҪʱעϢ
һϷ˼ȥɻȥˡ
Сϻ˼˼ڷʹŲȥڴӵȥ
裬һҪҸ³㣬ҳ¡СŪһСаɰǹ¸
㻹ˣնˣ˵ȥҲ±ЦԴ뵽˹ؼԵ⡰㵱ҵĳߴû
ˡСдݵֽó裬Ժǰͱ˵ʲôҵģҺͺһһй׬Ǯôǵҵˣ
Ǻͳ´һŵӻһС⻰ˡ
ŮͷΪұôͲǵҵģǽѵŮһֱԺһǶӳԺ
Сǣúû๤һ
ˣһͳҲڡԴŮӣһ߰ճߴ续·ͼһ˵Űԡÿȥͷûмһţľͷӣ
ûעСﲻΪʲô
ע£ţͷŮһۣҴġԴȴЦ˻˵ǹģҲûʱȥÿ쵱ƱԱ˶࣬Ǽô
ţСˣȷʵȢһţСŮˡ

ˮպˣ㲻ȥϴ裿Сȥڶˣһʼˮտˣ˵
رСһΪ㲻˵ء
㰡һʿϿ׵۾εҲǹȥֻСˣÿæҲ٣ҪٷƢҲûʱСʱʱʱ㡱
֪Ȣϱˡ˼иĸд绹㣬˭ءرһҨˮһ߿ޡ
Сû뵽ձŲͼֽؼҾӶԺһֻǶԼıԹ
лҪ˵лӪҺСʹ÷Ū һŬģ

 25 

GϡԹ緹һʽӰӳϷڳСĿ
رǰ·ȥϰˣСﱳбгߡ
رʱСٴչ߳гƮƼס˺رл㡱 
ʲô£رͷ
ǹҺˣ˾ǣұˣС˵һҿɲһס
ر˵Ӿôµ
Сﻹ治֪ôԸЩ޵Сʲôֱ˵£ǵÿ޿޿ޡ
˵СҲ˼ӣѹذֳȥ˱ˣȻܡ
СԼǰ˻ԺҲʧһӣȫ򽥽ؾͨˡԺҲԼ
ЩСӰóһ־ݸرᡰɸˣ񲻽ϱԺ󻹻ҵռʱ䡣
ɲԺжϱѣӵܲ䡱
ر˼Щߡ㾻˵ѵҴ绹Ȣϱ
˵׼˵ˣ˵׼ԺҲϲˡСﲻΪһһģһʱúùУοںͺһҲûа顣
⻰ںرȴЩ񼫡ˡɩӣôô˵ء
ҿû˵మһһܲҳһɱѰ̫ΰˡСĺ㡱
Ů˵ˣЦǺǵһȥϡ
˰˰೵СűӽЩ򿪡
Ҳûȵʱ򣬴˿ô죿м˲ˡ
⳵ôŲСɽһʸ˿űӺ죬űɵζôЩ
οⶼ2Ѯˣʲôڿôãֻͨͨкôûл
°ͼʻԱ£С׼úáЩ˵˵ˡ
αأֲʲôĹӸ˭šЩ˿Сϵ˿ʼ̲ס̡
ǵЩ£ҲôࡱСһǮüƱһЩˡʲôûУ˸ɻʳһȺˣǹ١
һתСֻصϡ˾ͽҲһ˵ͳûϵ
СæվȽţƫƫ⳵ӻ죬СƱʱվȰָͷˡ
ǮƱƱһգСｫϵͰӹ̶ڳڵһطڿʼƤʲô߰Ķͨͨ÷棬ɾˣζҲţҶùǡ
~
ȺװûС̵
СЩˣ
~û¶Щһʱ֮ĲˣԴСӿʼȰ
ǸӸƤСкǳҶϳĶ԰ɣҼסˣȥǹѧУʦ˵˵ôôɾ㡱
С⻰̫ˣǿܲ¸ĸһ𾴻ʦƱԱҪȥ״һϽԼӵͰ
أŻӣһ屶ϺǴȥͷû뵽⳵ϵƱԱ˵۸Сӡ
°ơŷ̿ļʻԱ³СôεεСﱻ򣬳Ȱ˾䡣
ʻԱˣϺҲ׼£ҲܾôŹСѾͷƬӡ
ϺǰȥһšųСĶʹתתóСˡ
ǻǮܵģģ
顱
ϺСһ˿ȥһСӵϡ
룡˴󾪣һƬžƬ֮󣬿ʼųСָָ㡣
Ϻ˶Щز˴뱲ˣûܹ衣
㣬ҡϺƿĴǣȭͷҪˡ
ʱͻȻͣˣһʱվǰȥСＰʱץסˣƱ廹мƱڿ׼һ
ȻͣºסϺʼ¡
ϧЩӵСĴ򶷷ʽЩԿͷϺһȭϣмȭϡ
ͣ³Ͻ򿪳ŵļʻԱ³ӺŽȰܡ
һȦ˽е˿
ϺҲ̫Ҫˣ۸һСʲô¡һ֪С˵˳Сǰ
ңϹ
һȦ˳ѷ֣ʻԱֻصһȡٳˣ
˲̫ҵʻԱֻñŻϳá
û°ɡ֪һҩССҩͿ£Ϻһۣүģ˳˵һҪ˵
Ů˴ܾǳԿҲѧŵ㳤ѵʱ䡱֪ϧ˵
˭Сע⵽֪òš
νŮ˴ܳԿǴ԰ˣһǳһ͵Ů˵ȻԿɢĶϱδ󺺿ûޣһͷҲԴ򲻵Сﲻ£Ҳͷϻ֡
ǳԽ֪࣬ȥԺ¡Ǹ˶ųСЩƲۡ
Ư٣౻ɹúںڵģ֮֫Ǵֲޱȣǰﲻһ㣬˵ЩֲڣƯúܣҲġ
ллҩࡱСҩ෵漴֪Զһ㡣
վСϽͼʻԱˣ˺ȥϺȴҲˡ
̫ˣСϵˣǵѪ˿ЩġҪӵĳڣɲᱻôңӣЩ۵䲻
Ϻ˺üȭڳСϣÿСƽ㣬ҪȻӵýҽԺˡ
س𡱳С˺ܶˣһשǰľš
˭һ￪šࡣСôˣ㵱ҵĴ㣿
ûе¶Сó顰س
ùһǷӳҪͷŵӰ
ࡣӰǴ¡ѳСţȥԼϹǩȥˡ
Ƭ֮󣬴ֽС
سúīˮдġͬ⡯֣СЦ˻лл
GʻĲ㵱ҵĴ㣿ʲô㾡ܺʹ˵ǸŮÿЩ˵ɫԼй˭Ҳ¡ҪǱˣȥ顱
СЩݣһμôģҲŮǿɰĵط
֮£С˵ľ
Сﲻس˴ĴָЩ˾ͻηǿúáᱨ㡱
û¶Լֲʲô֮ͽʹʲôֶΡ
ʹ˼䣬Сȥָصȥˡ

Ӽּңֳĸǽˣ顣
ҿҵĹȷʵƽҲ˿Т˳ֶ£Ȣûʲôõġ
ֳҲǹＸ棬ֻǣòϾͱȲСοҲȲСȢҲܸԼ
Ӳ˵̫̫֪̾ﻹŲ³СǲҪģϻ˵úãȢ޵Ȣ͡ȢŻ·ϴÿȷԣٵһСӣΣ
裬ǹϲÿҡֳֹǷŲģõĳСοǼ൱˿϶ֲҡ
ˣһʲô¡̫̫ûϢԺɲˣŮãۼ˺ӣ߳ȥ͵ˣ
ֳ֪̫̫뼱űˣ˲ٳ޺֮ǣȷʵҲһ׮¡
У¾ġ


 26 

ôˣС³ͼһͣվš
ͣ㡭һʳСϵ˿˭ɵģ
һҶġСյϧϼһû·ģҪȻҷǵٴһܲɡ
ȥʱȽӵΪҪΪǿʱ䡣Щһ㶼߻ϾѶ򼸿ˡ
ųСıͼ۵ֱл
ˣ
ӱȭҲǣȱšСܲΪռ̫СʩչҪڿյϣҾܴؿͷڣ
СһδܴˣԷֻһţԼȴôˣʵǡĸ飿
һ͵Ҳòã֪СﱻôңѾͷһֱҲûעô¡
ûȥͺһؼңǵðͽӳӵķ塱һǿסŭ֪ϱе㰮ӣϵ˿ڸסǵࡰȥˮʱҪմˮ
ԺƱԱĹҲգʱȥǸ
أ㲻˵͵ģСȥԼ
һָָߡҪȥǱվЩͣд֮ǰˣȥЩô첹
˵еĺشӳһҲ飬ѻſھ
˵ɷ£Сﲻòš־øղԼΪضӳҪԼ뷨̫ϽͰڵȥҺر
ŵĳСܾЩʧЩˬô˵ҲԼϵϹԼűˣôһҲûУ
ˣСͻȻԽԽҲҪӳԼͷǾ̫Įˡ
ųС뿪ļʻԱЩģСﻹǲ˽ԼҺӣô뿪ˡ
ͺһ֮ǰʱΣ֪شӳ̵úܣ˵Լﱻˣ϶Ҫȥ˼鷳
롱
Щһ̧ͷͼضӳԼǰŵһ¡
ҶңȺضӳʻϽϺϢ˵˳
ֻƱԱǼʻԱӦ˵İȫ
ۼضӳü価ŭҲġʵ̫ϲˣ˵˼ҶͶɣǵ¡
ضӳָָڡҲôסһžǡ¡¡ͷϱϣ
οʱ䴦ڿõĵطкҲǸ
ŬŬ첻˵ŭԣôƱԱûô鷳Ǽ¶ࡣ
ӻûϨ𣬺һʽ˹棬λʲô
ЩľԼŷĹߣһô֪ģѵǳСߵģ԰Сûôۡ
ۼźһʵ˵ϵһߣϽϨ˻ȥȥˡ
죬ӰϿʼˡرǳļıһڴѵСŮ
СʱʲôСʵûȤ
ûӰԲ֪ӰжÿرЩСʱ򾭳ǣ˼ȥĵط͵͵ӰǴ￴Ӱġ
СЦЦ˵
رͻȻſųС֣ĵغ˵ôǴˣ
ҡ·͵͵һԵĳСЩԱ˵һ£ԼСͼֳϵǵ£̽̽Ϣ
ߣǰҼˣȥҼǺþûĹˡرһԵͰߣк
СȻܵĵ⣬룬кûϷݣҲ֪ΪʲôԼе⡣
ǴǲѾŹӰˣرʵŵһ
ȡɽ˷ܵغͺرҫûɡ
ûʲôģر˰ŸС¡
Сӹؽźʹʼҩ·ϵơ
һʶĻСëմˮ漴ĵڴϢ
ɩӣӰˡˣӳӵѾһڲá
ȥɣ˯СԺЩͷΡ
ѽСرˡµӰòһΣԺڵġ
һӿӰÿÿǽʳǮģӰǱȳ⻹ҪĴ£
ĲȥСЩˣʵ̫ʹ
аɣرϰСʺʹλȥˡ
ãáرСӣѸɩġ
ۿһӵҪΪ˿Ӱλõ¶ӳмȥرռλáأ
֪ر˷ܵ۷Ź⣬۾ŷӳӵĶԱǡ


 27 

Сһ˯ԺҲ̫Уʱ˴˵һͷɫ΢΢ء
ҵ족СŷԼˣĶۣҪϼʮ
ɩӡӳкһͷš
ôˣСŶӿš
ضӳǰͷԸˣ˵ʩʻйЩºҪҪɹһȺ˶ͷءӳЩż
μʯ¶ôż¶һ˾ˡ
ȥһȥһҲҪʱ䣬á
Сҹ˯磬һֱκģҲûע⵽һһû
ȥ룬μʯżɿȥ硱СﴷͷҺһƽҪļĵط
¶ӳкͼ֪ȥɣСʩʵ¶μʯȥ鳤šС뽻
ңμʯɻؿųС
Һضӳƽ˵ɿİɡСļȥ
ʵΪмһΪӻе¶ȥ˳ʱӳλþ͸˶μʯԳСӡ̡
ˡرͻȻ
ŭ壬ڼˡãǶӳԸ¶öμʯȥԼšββȵǶβ
ǸСӵĶμʯЩ£ͷضӳ֮ǰ˵ġ
Уȥɣ·עⰲȫ
μʯӳæ˳ȥ
壬ҴǶرСʵ
ҪǶˡ̾
ǶԼʱʱͶ񣬳СԼʲôǣһȥˣ
һܵҲˣͷһ굽ͷܵô򼸻ء
ʧС̫ûִˣһ˾ȥ˴£Ҳ̫ˣһҲûյӳĳȺǻۣ
һȥĴ£ʲô뻢ڲˡؿۡôҲЩȥ
һӵָɶСˣСҪǳʲô£ô죿
أС˵ϣҲЩż
ںǱ߹˿ô׵Ľ顰СӣʱǱ߹/סˡ
СЩˣôܻشزϡǣ˵һʵô
ͻȻɵЦȥ˾˵Ƥ֮࣬˿ɱˡ
ΪһûôԿοš
ȥ磬ٵˡֶԳСԸһǺ˵ڿȷˣȻѪĸҩڳҩ¶˵ͱȥˣѾ˼١
˵žҪߣȥһʵ¶
ɩӣҸˮر׼ˣɩӷܵӣղ
ţհɣʵ۵ЩˡСݵϺ˵֪ĸҩĶҷ˷ûҵ
ҩǴԼĥ˲ҩġǰʮ͸ˡ˵ʹֲСˤһӣҾͰѸҩˡرûǮҩ
Ѹˣ
ȻˣѵһҪǮر
Сһ⻰Щ
Сʱǰţ16ĬϳˣʱһʾûҪǵǮԼǮ
ǮĶҪǺһʸ˿ҩǮ
رͳȥʮҩֵˣô˳ȥ
ɩôһЩˡͼҩ𣬲żǮҲã
Ǯ׬˾ǻģֲǹǮֻǮԼǽ׬ˣѸɵǽпˣʲôϵ
οرһֱܴ󷽣Բ˼Ҿ͵ףǼͼ
дӣɳСһ⺢ӾɵġԼҿŴۻųϰ׻Ĵû꣬ôˣ
ѾˣԼŵСرȥϰˡ
ûرЩعԳСԹɩӣҲ̫ˣǮǮǮģҴѹġ
ѹжϽ׬Ǯ¡СëմˮԼϷšѲһСطţ
㣡رһšˣ˵˰ɡ
ӡԴˡ֮ǰĳ³㣬ˡ
Сһ裬Ҳ̫ˡ
ǿɲҿǽŸŸŮġԴЦʵ¶û
裬û˿ڣҲʣ
ˣʲôʵġǴҲڳϴˡ
СƲƲ죬·պáҰʹˣţСͦõģ˼ҡ
ǾͺáԴЦúϲ£졣
裬·ģۼûзһɣСͻȻ˳ڲжо롣
ȻԶӳϱķһԴĽԶӳȢϱϱгһġˣŮû˵Ҫ̨һ
·ҲŲɡСõ
УԴĹһôõĶвҪģǺضӳûǮɣ
ôǮǮǮġСպ·˷
ʵ˵ﵽ׻ж٣ԴŽ䡰úһˣһǰ˾ȥȢҲ˲ǮټȥƱԱǺһʻȥ񣬰˵ͷӦòʣǮˣ˵ûǷǮҲһ
Сֹû뵽Լϵﻹӡ
˵ҵӳĶ̵ôۼŮϲ⵹ԴСȰҲ㵱ҵĺú˵˵ôֱһһ㡱
ĸŮ˵ʲôͷĺһʲСЩ˼


 28 

ĸһߣһҲŴҩȥҩ
Сﵣĵҿϵ˱Լء
һʶؿ˵ͻȻֿʲôѳСߵ˴롣
ûøҩôôһûŵвҩζ
СԶЩЩڡ˵˵ϹŸʲô
ģҩζ̫󣬳С˳ӰѸҩˡ

һ˰Ҳû˭
ӵСѧͬѧ˵ҲɡСЦ˵ֳҪˣ
ѹ˿ԼֵֹģԭǰԼˡ
ô£һ˼ľϱ˵
С￴ضӳЩˡˣ
һû˵ȥЩµҩġ
ˣСѰ˼Ҳûʲô
ûһʵͷ˹߽ߺζҩĥɷۣﾡί
СɴǰͷίܾԼŮԣʲôҲûɣСҲί
ĥҩ۵ĺһʲʱһۣƯСϱЩӡõļǮƵ¶һú׬Ǯġ
Сͷû˵
ҲûˣҩҲҪһҵʱ䣬Щҩ۷һ¡һһĥҩһ߸͡ǹǲˡ
ɲУҪ׬ǮġСϷϱŮôڹ˾˸ǸˣҪץŸˡ
ôҲʵĿǰΪֹƱԱǷͦĹЩǮȽ߿ϢһȥһҵҲѡ
Ҳ˵һ׬Ǯ
԰׬Ǯң׬ǮΪԼСֱ׳˵ҪǲǾǰϣɲС
һЩˡҳôûĻ
˵ضӳʶ٣ҪѧϰˡСڰ֣һҺ˵ͨӡ
۸˿ô족Ȼϱˣǲþ
㻹СҡСźݻǿ׳Ҵ򲻹һ治Ҷ֣ҳ´ССָͷܴ
һʲػֽȥľܾԼƯϱ⣬˵Ļƨͨȫûɽ
Ⱥҩ
ӶһۣԷϵˣͻȻ̲סЦһԡѷޡ
ҩһҩۺͲͷȥĨҩ
СεվſڵŷľŲϽĨҩ¶Լԡ
ôԼĨһҲЩţŵĶǺ
͡ôĨ¡СŴ򿪸ߡȳȥĨҩٽ
ǳЩȻ˯һŴϣǸԸǵıӣܵĶֻСֶѡ
⻰һʱ뵽ֳϵ¶ܾòʼϱǲǡһֱƭ
ţҰҩˡһʽһͳҩ뿪
żֱȴϱץס
š˻ϵԼȷʵĨҩࡱС￴ɻĿϷſ֣СָͷԼĻɫֲ갡֪꣬ķš
Ҳ֪ô£һ˲Щ
شӳ۵ǲزסЦ⣬ֲ̫ԣԼεؿһÿҹš
ҹšš
šóСС죬漴Կհ׵سͷȥ
ʧ˻꣬ȻعԼѾſڴúضӳͿҩˡ
СϱⱳϲҵһսɣʼԼϺˡ
˵ˣС뵽Щ´δܺô֣ҴҲС
û¶ǹκʶˣ֮ǰȥ￪´ỹΡ
С֪Щ¶΢˵ӳÿӵĲһģ˱صΡ
ҸĨСĨҩſ£Сĵÿ·ȻһƬǺཻӵӡӡôǱ޺ۣ޴㣿
ϵãһʾú档
СﵱȻʶϱӸõ˳ֵе϶ͨ
ִҲû޽ѵˡ
ôҲǸӳθǴ˲õʾáСʵ׼Լģû뵽˻ܹȥˣ˻
ţһȥϺ֣ظһܡ
ͶģˣСϧ
֮ǰڸֽ´ᱻںһΡһϱǰҫ
ưġСûƽصòˣû뵽Ҳôɵһ档
ˡ
С׼뿪ֱһʷסʵҩҪ顱
Сͷʺ
ղŸҩôֻһ飿
ҸղˣһҩҴٸĨһڱС³С￴˵Ѷ졣
СΪѶͨĲӡضӳڱﲻãⲱ¶ˡ
µãСһøˡ
лҪ˵ղ~~ղ~~~~

 29 

硭رͷִˣҪɫҲá磬Ҹɩ˸ҩ
Ҳ֪ҩûǮôͰҩװ͸ˣҲˣɩҪҩ㲻֪
һѵ껰ͷк¶

Ҫˣ
šرѸҩɩ͹ȥʹ˵ǼֳϣҳףϾͿԺϲˡ
һһ㣬ϣСӳ˾ͱٵϱ
ӴضӳԷءһŷָļԱˡ
һȥкС￴ǼԱʱرһۣ;öġ
Щ6ʳõĳʦ̣Ȼû֣Ҳ˾ò
⼼ԱҲǣر
ЩΣСֻһӴϹǵۡ
ɩӣرС֡
û¶СЦ֮ǰ˵ҪгҲûʱ䣬쵹пգҽﳵ
˳ٽһЩʽ
رؿĿһˤ˳ӿô족
ˤ˾ˤˣҪ
ɩԲˡرͣвˡ
ҪһʣǴˡԱָָ桰ضӳȳ극˵
һĻԵ·ͳСкһ׼żԱȥӵ۲Ҫ˹鷳ٹһˡ
ԱԬʢЦҵĹ˵⻰ԬʢʱƮر۵ĸ첲ҪԼš
ȡСͻȻţŵǼԱһ΢΢һ³С
ҵңСпⲻҪĶ
ɩӣرɩǰ˻ӡ㿴ʲôأ
ǹؼʱ̾Ϲ۵Ĵ硱СźһʵıӰ˻ȭͷ
ߣȥﳵ
ﵥľƽСȥںţĴ󵨵Ĳȡ
ˤȥ𣿡
ʲôۡСһϴүĿǳɲµġ
һһʿӳкһȺСڳŴڵļӵĶӳҲˡ
ݣԱЩģָҲ˵ҪʯңƯҲС
ӵԶӳ⻰ЦЦźһʡشӳԼ⣬ǶԼԱĻģ
ʯҲܷ磬ǰҪʯҲˣοͷûˮˮλҲ
ƯⶫжƯһһԶӳԼԱ͵
Աڴڵʱ˵ʯҵ¶ֻԶӳǰŸߺһ¶ʱѾˣԺһƯ˶ҩ۲ˣȥӽ˲
ȻЧûôãʱҲԣҲû취İ취
ֻǣһڻԶӳǹ⺦ҪȻôҪ¶ôǰŸ
ǰܣ6ӵĶӳͻȻżԱ˵ǰ10ʱͿˣ
ԱɫЩѿǰʮӦùˡ
߸Ū꣬ԱҲͷȥˣû㱨
µļӳΧźһʲߡضӳĲˣҪǰܵ¶ô֪Ҫǰ
òݻĶֻǽ꼼Ա˷Ƕǵһʯҡ
ʯҵ¶ԼģҲһ׼οҲϾ͵͵˶Ҳû֪ҲǡһʳȻԱ˵ǰʮû⣬Ӧⲻ
¶ڨڨЦݡʱûȥ˵Զӳ㣬ôԶӳû˵
ҲʹͿˡԶӳЦشӳԹҰɣ
һʿ˿û˵ŴӳкǼչȥϢ
ϡ漸Сӳһʻ֡
źһԶµļӳšô족
ʲôԶӳаѵԱĻȺһʿףοһСӶԼģ
ԶӳҲתȥˣӳԥ˼ԱģȲһӡ
ҲãһСȷʵе㱾¡
ӳһϼƣϽȥˮϰ취Ȼ취Ǳ˵㣬̤ʵ
áС˺һʵ¾úЦ˵ҹˮЩ˵GȷҪǰܣ
һʿͷϲȷã㻹ǵȥس𣿡
ţŵġ
سǲŵһ·Ͼܶ๫Ĵүǰ10ʯģҲǰ16ģô壬ǰܵ˵ԼٹģӦòȥ
СЦЦɫĺشӳЩĶû뵽˻ͦġǰʮҲûʲô⣿ҹˮǰ׻ˣ¿㱨ˡ
һҡͷˮ˸ãʱûˮˮλϵʯҹͦġҹǷȥЩܻᱻڻˮá
ЩҲֻĲ²⡣
лҪ˵˲רҵģ֪ʶһ׼ȷ㿴ͺãҪ

 30 

ߣڶرƲ֡
˭ˣСϸϸ֮ǰĳ³㡣
ֳǸ˵رԹСӾȻ˵䲻ޣ
˵໰һʴӳָӡȥϴ׼ˡ
·㶼ǰǰüˡһʲؿϱ
Ҹ˵СС˵·ʱ鵽һ롱
費Сµģ
ǡСҡͷԶӳ·һʹ
ҲǿģЩ˵İϷСһҲ⡰ԶӳǸöԺ㡱
УԺע⡱
һŷرְ̾Һɩӵû޸ֳ˵Ҫ£һ֪Сô
⻰һһûԷ˶Է²ס죡
ЩϢС
ֳϺ˵˵һ㣬ȥҽ趫ˡرˡɩӣͼֳϲ࣬Сôôء
Ӳ¡СЦ
ԭȼֳϼãǴһֳ֦ȢԭԭһֱŮ
ԭˣֳôһɵɲˡ
ǣˣҵġرƵ
˼ҵٹܡһͻȻѵ
ѣرٵñ컹ߡ
˵öԣٹЩ£ǻСϱӼЩԿӺѵ¶
Ҳˡرѿһžͽݡ
顯
رͻȻҶ
һʹȥѵС򵥵һȥҨˮϴˡ
Ĩ˪һͻȻùһЩ
໹аȸ磿СϽù¡ʲôʱģ
ʯ⺢ӸҴġһùС֡ʱæ¶ȥͷ·
С·ûʲôӦǿźһʸ
ۿ˻ҪĨڽϣСñӸס°ˣһʱ
ǲƥ¡һҲ漴ſڴͷһ¿ʽ·Ϻرˬȡ
ΪĳС֪һ˵ʲôˡǮ
ûжˡһЩΡǸ·ǮеģҿЩﴩİɫͷСɫĻ䣬Ͽ϶ÿ
ŶСЦҾ˵ҳúÿжÿ
šضӳʼ˼ܺÿǴӣǹÿĹ
ñأС֣˵ԭǹһ֦رΡôֻ׷ںرͷܵģҲû˶͵˼
˵ѾˣӦûڰɣôô˶òӶ
ôţСȥþԼ˴
϶ȱÿһԼò۵۾ܿȲ㡱
ݴҲû˭ˡ
ӳضӳμʯͷˡ
˭һһ׳š
ӳˣӽŵ磬ղҹҹϺֺüðͷۿžҪˡμʯܵԶӳȥһ˳⡱
СҲˡȥ
һȷʵʲôҪǲȥ˺ޡˮû
ڻ
Уһ·͹ȥ
ĳˣСЩֻ
Ӧòд¡һʷʮٷӣʱӦǹˣ⣬ҿҪǵˮλȱɵģ˯
ҪҪţС̽ͷʵ
ãԼá
˼ææ˳ȥСЦʮֿģԶӳһֱҺһ鷳񻹲ˣ
ٺ١
ף
ԣһʲôʱˡ
ޣǺͿˣСһѳӸϣϸղ롣


 31 

СֳϻǵһɫשǽӣԺԱ߻һƬդΧЩСˡ
һжéǿˣѹ֡
һȥϹȥˣرȥϰˣֻ˵ĳСڣû뵽Ϳ˼ֳСӡ
ôȣҺô𣿡СС
СҾҪˡֳ
СȥԱɨװɨءϲϲ˼Ҽ˺ܿҪˣҿ㻹ǳȥ
ͻȻֳϴԺﳯС˹Сæɨ㵲ǰ
ҲϲûÿСȥ˵ϲҵģ˵ҪһӺһġֳϱߵôʳء
СƲ׼ȥϵĵ˵ֳϣ㲻ϲΪÿΪûǮܰ㣬ͱװģˡ
οԭǰ˵ʲôʲôɲС¡
ʲô˼ֳɫÿˡ
Сսɨ㡰˵㰮ưˣͱװˡ
ǡֳЦҰƣأ޸һӳǰɣ
СЦȻ磬ҼǶӳǴӵĳŴ⹤־Ǳ˵οǮҲһ
˵ųСǰѵ͵ر˽ļֳϡأʲô˼ұȣ
û뵽ôĽ٣ûˣֳصѰ˺ʱ׼ǿʱֱСõļƸŵû
ǣ̰ҰĽ٣㣡С͵һȣߵõڵء
ǿЦ˵ƣ浱ǳصģ
С׺ݵģŵļֳ˳ȥȴڳſû˺һʡ
һֻץżֳϲߣֱԱһôϡ
һʶһԿ˵ӳ˵
½˸˴ﾭĵǰһһȥԶӳ˵׼СǴ͡
GӳоϲֺϷæʹСȥӴˡ
٣û뵽ضӳô˳ݵ
ʲôǺضӳȥҶ絥һӡһϺŵ
ԴӺһʵ˶ӳÿµͿǸһġ
ýҲĶܳϷҶ޲ڡ
ֻ
ǺضӳôȢ˳СôһǮ˲䲻Ǵӳ
ǣȷʵÿŮ˰Ľٵúܣһѵҫҫġ
۷׷ףСҲЩȥ
ΪʲôôңһԷͿСֱ㶵
Ҿ밡ΪһôǮǲ͵͵ǺءСﶢӿ
Сϱ񿴵úһʺֱôô˵Ϊ㻨Ǯǿĵġ
ÿοóԵĺóС￪ģôǺ
ûоͺáСջԼ߳ÿĶҪͶʺͱģҿǸ˶ǮȻ٣Ҫ˶ԹǾĲˡ
һͶһĻֻǵͷţϱǸˣܺÿ
˵³Сﵣġһú׬Ǯģ㲻õġ
ǾУСôһ漴׼ȥϰĶѾϢˣȥϰǼʻԱ͵
һû˯ȥǶ
㲻ӳˣҪȥɷӳԱһӣµӳúúõģôֳ۶ӣǲϱĵģ
ûе¶һʺֵ̽ӳ⼸˲پ飬Ҳˡ
Ժ󻹿
ǣ֪үưɡһʺһˡȻ󲿷ֶǹȥȥүڷԣӷƵĵүҲ١
ô˵ЩεĵүҲ٣ǰˣǽѵ
мˣҲȥȻЩүĻơһ̾ЦҾ˵ʵڵǻ˼Ǯġ
Ǹ뷴һֽ˵ҲЩΥ͵¶ȥһ˵Ҳܴ׬ЩǮ
ǰûЩ뷨ﶼǮǮǮ㻹˵ǺϱǺǳСܲ
֪뷨ҹϵ¶һʰο壬һҪȥġ
ǳĬá֪ӳԱжࣿСҲС
ǹʸߡһЦֻǹʸһҲȥ
һʸԼ뷨ڷӳǰ빫ʣҾòͻȫӯҵҲǰһݹǵҵ壬Լжϡ
ǰ̾ģ֪һС⡰аҲ˵οܱܲѡҲһ


 32 

СӡһүҼֳ조ࡣ˵㱻ѵˣ
ޣּźһʡǸ˸Ҷһ죬Ĳ
ĸɱ˺һʲɡ
˵ԶӳҲǵģԼӵ˱۸Ҳ˵仰
ֳ⻰ԼԵ޹ȥҳСǡþͱһʸץסˡ
ԶӳҲ鷳οµˮҩ¶Ǻһҹ˰æԶӳȻҲȥüͷ
Gмүõĺ˰׿ˮ
к»ֵõңֳϲš
㿴㡱ү˵֮ǰӷЩõȥ
үָͷҫ
ֳϲšȥʳҪץģοҼҷֵĿԼĻжȥ
ɵүٳɶ˵ûһһ㣬ͶˣȥˣרҩרСԣҿЩȲʳ׬Ǯ࣬˽ȥתȥ׬мۡ
ңҿɲҡοʳأҡ
֪㲻ҡүҡͷҪ¼ҹôǮеλĺضӳأ
һȴǼֳȭͷУҸɣ

ɩӣ㡱ģرӳСѧﵥ֮󣬾Ͱг
գ˷˺صĴΪһӶӳûϸ֯ɡ
쵽ˣСڵ˹㲥Ҵļ
GⲻҸ𣿡ر졣
СŹ㲥վﴫʮֻúЦֵʱȥôֱ
мҪҼһšš
һֵͻȻͣСﰵвãú͵дģһʽϿûֱӴżȥ˹㲥վڿ˲ʶ֡
ˡͣµر˼Щͬµ۹⡣
һʻǺã˲֣ͣټؿٶ˹ȥ
Σͷˣ
˵Ҫһڣֻǵһ졣
֣һ֣ݣ϶Ǻһдġ
ϰֽ˺ˣηȥдһٱٽ
ϴ̬̫ˡκɸ֡϶ϱдģ㻹ǸӳôԱʾ㵱СѧдҵҪ˰㳭
ͷһαĺشӳ˼غ˵ǣѾʶԼˣԺٷ
ˡһʻȥһЩûȥϹġ֮ǰɽϿһƬĵأ룬Ҳͷ˻㱨Ժ󿪿ѵƬɽǾЩ
ӳоЦƬɽѣҿǳ˴ġ
һûƤЦ˶μʯȥ磬ддȥ
ңμʯ֣оشӳǹһ
һЩ۷׷ףôӳʲô¶ϲöμʯȥ
ӳҲ̫ƫˡ˰Цǲ
ǻҴ²Ǿ;ֱһʰıӺͱһ飬һҲؿǰЩˡ˭Ըȥ磿
ʱʮְ
Ҫ˵õΣǲʶ˼֣峤ʲô֪
ûضӳҷġ
ٺ٣Ҳǡ
һƽй۲ЩˣУһȥͶμʯɫ
ѾȥӳӣԺҪǲӳˣϣμʯܵõҫ
ȥ鿴һص㳴ˣһʾо»ֵȥˡ
磬ǻˡ
СҿĹһԵĸ㡣
дءСһͷһֵ߲һд֡
һѵдš졯һʣд˺ܾҲûдá
С￴ˣǰһһд˳д̫ɢˣӡ
ѹȥϱ˵ЩʲôһﲻɵøпԼǺͿˣҪ֪ϱֵؽԼд֣ϱˡ
˵ûСһĹȥһĵһ¾֪ʲô˵Ķ


 33 

СбóƱһظƱԱĹ
óСǣ֮ǰһȥҶµ¶˽ﶼˣЩ˶ʵʵذͰ
СﲻɵøпЩ˻Ӳ
˼ƱѾˡСڳϴ¶һˣƱá
ƾʲô²2829죬ٳ˼Σ
ҲôģƱǰģֲǰƱһֻһγƱԾϡС͡
СǿţϴүõģԻһСŮҵʱƱǾû˵ⲻƭͷӵǮ𣿡
СƱʱ򣬼ʻԱû˵ֻһ°ԱһεС顣
Ǵ뱲ҪôţҪô·ȥسǣϸںƱΪǰġ
СһҲƱʱ˾ǼʻԱû˵ЩȷʵҲǱƭˡ
磬˵Ʊʱû˵ƱʹСȥǰͷš
ƱʱԱ߰ϰֵֽдǣˡ˳Ӻͷ£漴˵Ʊȥˣ
磬⻰Ҳ˵ò԰һ͸ʶ֣ô֪дʲôƱӦ˵Сԣһʶ̫ʶ֣˵ЩһɻģǱƱЩƱܵ˵ǣ
㻹벻뵱ƱԱˣǲвûŮǸ첲գǮ׬¡
㣡Сһѷر£ǮĿ϶мҪȥسǣʻԱҲ̫ˡ
ƱԱҰǳһ֪˸Ǯ
Сһǵڰ೵ϸҩ໹Ȱ֪ܵࡣ
㻹ǵǳԽġ֪Ц
СǮƱţǵá
Ǹɫеؿ첲ˡ
С޸һʺûũõͻǲ˪Ҳ˹ЩĳСƤһһá
֪಻Ϻ¶ĸ첲˺üۣŮ˱ڳĹﻹҪҲ¡
СͶĵüƤˣȥǮʱװСģżüΣ۵СɫҰס
ǣСá
С°ʱرѾȥˣԼŵؼҡ
~Сﰴ壬ԱߵŮһ
㰡ţС˼·ã·ͦɾġ
ɩҪȥĶСЦǺǵϳ
·࣬ͲˡţССǾ䡮ɩӡŪùֲ˼ġ
ţСǼ´һ󣬾׷Ůˡ
ԭţСܺϲ
ɩ޹ԴöȶһΣԱԭ޸ֳ֮ڼּ·᲻ԭﲻˣŪ˵ҩţСһ̥ˡ
ȻԭԭĸҲˡ
СûԭЩС˼ţСûʲôоǵͨݶԴû£ⵥҲøɾɣҲԻõˡ
УҾͲˡţСǵһ
ɩӣ׼ʲôʱھϯ
¸¾Ͱڣũ࣬á
裬ҴδɩӹˡСͣ³ȥ조裬׼ʲôû
˵̨˵ɩϲֻʲôãһ㶼ʵڡԴЩġ㿴磬ϱûȢţͿʼϱˡ
˼˵͵תһ죬еֱǷһһٴ󼸣ֻˣ30õġСЩӡ
˵ﲻˡԴ챻˵ﻰЩΡ30Ҫˡ
ôǾͱȢϱ˼ҡţСɩܲ޸Լ绹ˣԼٲҲȢεĹŮźʡ
ˣ˵㡱Դ첻ҿȢرͦʵģƫƫš
СΡ
ˣжûԴŮĶӻɵ޹ȥˣôһ㷴ӦûУòŮ⣿
裬㼱ʲôοԭ廳⡣
㿴˼ҵģһ¾жˡ
ѽˣ裬õˡСתƻ
һ˻ؼңﷹѾˡ
G¶С˷Ž̳漴źһʡϲӲ
һʳ˵ͣ˼룬漴С˵ӲǸԸűӾá·
ֻͣͣͣϲϲӣ뵽ȥˡСĻҪӵĻʲôʱ顣
׬˶Ǯ룬ȻЩԲǡԼǰ;Ҫ
ϲһϵЦûάּЩԥΪĳҽ⼸ͼϱӶ£Ҳеϱ˺̱¡
С˵ϲӣﰵ¾ٵȼ¾顣ҲҺԼûкʲôü
ʵҲôҪһ뵽ЩŮӵĲ״ЩľҲû¡
ʲôСˣôһͱһ˵ǡ
ӺΣգԺϸ˵˵һʰڳҽͷȷϲӵԸݷգǾ
ҲСڵϿļ嵰ҪҲô
ǾͲڳĴҽԺȥͳɡһֹϱֶûúǣĻǱˡ
С˼ˣͻȻůġضӳ㣡
žһһʶŵһ보ڵأˤķѡ


 34 

С˵Ҫ㡯⼸־ͺˣǿԷ죬㵨Ӵֱؿˡ
ȹڵϵĳСۿԷԼԽԽ࿪ʼҪĳǣ˻᲻̫ˣ
Сɢʼʱ򣬺ضӳ
׼ȥ߹ĽŲŵԭ
磬ôѲӸˤˣϵĵܳˡرˤΪɩڴܣŵϽ鿴
һʶȥʰֻǲˬصһӡСЩʲô
ر֤ʵеĲ²⣬϶ɩӳˣҪȻôƢô
СعϽ˳ȥ
~ҺãڻûԺ·ҪھͰѺһʸŪˣҪ
Сˣ12¿ʼ߿ԼƱԱ12׬ǮϹˡ
϶Ҫȥмһʡ
˺ֻһ˹˾Сϰ壬ûжϽġС룬˿ܻǲ̫ʺϡ
һʡǳ극ûþ͹ˡ

Ǻߵ˷̸顰СǸӳҪ֣õ̾ƻǹ֮ȥ׻ǾЩҪ
˵²ųˣһʲ£Լܸɳ̶ȣӳӦû⡣
˵£ǰ˼￪ҪõȣСӳӵҹ˹ȥһ͵ȣһǵط˷ųӰ˸ˡⲻɽ·߻һͷҰͻȻ˳˸
˵Щʡ˵ӰǲȱǮȱαأٿǿǡ
˵ŴӻóһֽŵǮҺЩǮš
һʲҪš
ʱŶ·ũæˮĵضһСӵȥ
ɲɣʱǸҵӾСӡ
һ·ȥˣȰǸȥپǶʱСΪʹźһһˣȻǷջӡ
ʱҪնɱţƷ⽨ţԵʿҲ׷׻ס
һԴﻹŷתͶ̥Щ˼룬͵͵ȥҵʿԼϹ±Ͷ̥
һðļٵʿƭǮ
һСС;ʧȥ˸ĸҲΪ£˺һʺرɶӸŮһֱǡ
óˣҲԼһ˽ġԼǸɵӣԺϣһˣһҪȥӳӵһԱʵǷĲ¡
壬һӷİɣһúչ˺ԼġһѾ
Сͷ͵»֣һһֱӳΪرȥ˳ôһʵҵ߲һˣȥӳӣ
ŭˣߵʱ򻹲ɳСһۣܾϱġ
ĪС䷢ֺһֵѧϰ
Gãмֲʶһʿ񶼱ˡ
СŲ̣˾ǹģÿνʶֵĻû
Ҫȥӳӣ
ô֪һʸסֵ䡰͵ˣ
ⷿӱҲͲôҲ͵֪ڷ˵Щʲô
µ˺һʣ׬Ǯ˵ðһ򡭡
ʲôɫСˡ
һɫʲô˼ͨСɫ֪Ц
֮ǰǷӳӵķ壬ӳӵĶԱһ40飬ǷӳӶӳôһ80飬Ժ˵ûǹʡ
һΪһӵĶӳͳҽֱǱ˵ļֻȥһʻ۲ӳӵǵǮοԵӰδġ
ٿЩ36ԪĹǣҲۡһЦҾЩҵķչûеӰá
˼㲢ǿ˷ӳݹǱŵӰȥģ
ԣ֮ǰͷģЩӰǮԺҲҪһʶԼġҲһһ
һֽеӻĶⶫռ֮󣬻ԵӰЩӳӵźܴĳСǵ90ЩӰзӳ̫ˣΪӻȫȡ˷ӳĵӰҵ
ҲǽʮӦǵӰ󱬷ʱ˻׬һһ㡱һʳ˼
㡭С죬ûʳڡôͻȻôҵˣȫдĲˡ
͵͵͸ŷɩʶд֣ر͵͵˳ȥ
رӼһ˸
ԴӼֳ´˳ȥĸ¡
Ը⣬͸ĸѾûԷˡ
̻šлл㡱
Ҳǵģ㸸ĸΪãǼֳϾͲǸöɩӺ˵ֳӲԣرھɩ˵Ļ
ϲˡҵǸˣ˵Լû˵Щο
ͣ£漴˵οɩӾͷ͵͵˵ֳϵĻ˵û˵ЩõĻ
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˵ҲԣȷʵòÿЩԱ
رһʺšɩ˵㣬ò˵ֳϳþһֻªܣ·ߵݣ䲻ǣСݾӦÿĻС
ȻرҲʲô
ͷǷǲԸرô˵ֳϡ
ȷҪ޸رϣܿǿǡ
Ҿͦõġᶨ
ڲԸ⡱
Ҿ;ʳѾûԷˣٳŸһͷʵǶû취ˣԲҺرֿڷԡ
رƲ죬ܾԡ
֪֪ͨͨڶ죬㲥ҿʼ֪ͨҪӳӵĶԱӭԱӻԾ
ҪȥǾͿԵһķӳӷˡӳгûرס
ޡرŲⷬӳԱˣܲࡱ
ʵҲܲ࣬˵ɽ·Σգ40ҲɡӳС˵
˵˭رܺ桰˵6ʳõʦҪ
ӳһ⻰Ͳˡ
ʳʦ֪ļԱǺöҺر
Աǲ಻۵ΪԱǴȥ֣ǸʦҲ̫̫ΰˡرЦ
ӳгԴ׵Уô֪ǳΪԱ񣿹40أ˵׬Ǯ˵
׬Ǯ˵һű·⻰ɨһӳС
ӳУ
ضӳɱ


 35 

һԸԳѡ˺ӳӵķӳԱ
ҵȥѵ족һʿʼ쵱ӳԺȥɩӺúദ¡
ҲҰر°ڷϰɩӿˣҴȭһȭڻء
һʲĹɩӿȥ㻹ô㡱
ҿûѣɩӿܴˡرҲ֡Ҳ֪Щʽѧġ
һʾ֡ˣҿ
У˵ܣñ˿
Сʱͻ͵͵̺رһЩʽʱʱغѺرһƬҲװѺرˡ
ΪʲôЩһʳС˵ԼҲֻЦرô˵Ҳֻ˴֡
ұ۸£ɩӻ˵˵ǰãʵ϶Ϊҿǡ
ر⻰͸˺ضӳġҶ㻹ã
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ʲôɵ𣿡һʹϱӦÿ°ˣȥʢ
ɩ˵
ˣ䶼ɩɩӣϱأǰҲû˺ó
ɩ˵˶ǳǿߣɩӺеرϳԼСˣСʽʱĺݡ
~𣬳Сﱳſŵˡ
ɰģСϱһһ㶼ԼõĻȳԣȥĸе¡
һһӼһһȥ˼ҡ
֣衱
ǺԴŮʲôס˷
Դ첻ɵúһʾܾʢһ׷⣬⡱
֣裬ҽһʳںӿڴóһŴŽ
Ҫȥѵ죬ѵ˺Ҫŷӳӵܡ쵹޷ϼϱҲģͷȥţ˯ƫС
һʰǮݹȥÿ5ǮѣŴŽᵱǰԤ֧µķá
ôҪǮǻһ˯ĵطҲ¡
һʰǮ⼦ͨͨϣôҲ˻ء
ɣҲŮ⡱Ҳƴˣֿ˻
ȰŮߣԴЦ۽ǶơѽԴŮļĸĲĽңڵĹǺþƺٲˣٿЩֳֺ׵ŮģＦɹ˵ͣҵĶȥŮס
´Ʋ첻˵һֱǸ÷ûһۣҲ֪Լ
⺢ӣ֪ͷԷ÷Ҳ֪ƣһƺ«ûɫ
ģ÷򲻰ҷ
˵ӳģСӾ͸øƲǣ
´̾ٻ죬УǸ÷̫ܸˣǶӳǷӳӵġ
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ǣǰֳһһˮڳ磬ˡ
ò˵Ժ󣬳Сÿϰ඼Ǹ߸˵ģÿһȥһأʱȥسﵽ䣬ˡ
ڻг˿۸
类統͸ˣ˭Ҳ簡С˼ʻԱ磬֮ǰãڷܲ˼ҷƷвô
ƱԱҵĹöˡرùСˮⶫţǹ綼ûЩ
Сƿҷһ롱
ϡرƿӹĽɩӣЩͬ¶˵ɻˣʲôʱ̽¡
С￴˿رϵڲϵ˿˿ܺÿǺرϵźһؾصزڲϡ
˿Сɫ˿һ˿ôȦһȦУһҪǰбŷš
СɵذѺرϵ˿ʮ֡ơúرķڷ
ɩӣô˿رֳСϵͷ
СЩСط˿ôã٣ϲԼһЩÿµĻԼ
Ǵӵ˶˵䲻Ҹ磬ҿҸر䣬òƷ䣬ܵҲ䡱
ޣСʲôдܵҲ䣿ء
Ҹܿ˧ˣҴܵЩҲ˧
һʻʱѾѷ˿Թˡ
Ҳ֪㣿
Ұ϶ԷˡСﲻ˼ʵǺһķ̫óԣ̲ס
磬ξһ˽˷ӳӣ
С⻰Ȼһ£6Ǹĳʦ˷ӳӣŵӰ°ĺرͰƽԱߵСǿ
Ȼûóѣµ׶ŮӰ
ǳʦûɹӳӣҲ֪᲻Ż¡

һʲӳˣһͶƱѡ˶μʯӳ
μʯʷĶӳˡСпСҪǶͺˣԺԲμӸ߿
ϧٿһʰĺһʣҲûȴʶֵĴԺμӲ˸߿
ʲôء
Ͷμʯǰûѡũѧʵ̫źСϧ
Ļ̶ȲѡϣѡҲǰռһûе¡
Ӱóһ׳⼸ȥسѵʱ˺ܾòϵһ·
Ҫʽȥ𴦣Ҳ֪ܻһˡ
ֲҺڰʱȷĳĳǰ֣ôһ׳ЩÿʱֵĶ
ѡ˺ü죬иָɫһʴûôɫĳѡ˺ܾѡɫģǾðɫĳʺԼϱ
СųЩھΣ·Ѱĳ¶Ҫ
ҿкܶСȷȹӣ׬ǮٸɫȹӻŴһʰ꣬һڴ׼˯ˡ
ͷɫҫͦõģСתͷ˯ĺһʡǶûؼһˣһһΣ
һҪȥҲ֪ʲôʱء
С۲˵
ܰһԺҪ˯ʱͻȻʲô˹
ԺΪó棬һת˸û볹˯ˡ
Сˣһױˣ˾Ӧ


 36 

ˣȥˣӳŵӾֺضӳŻţޣڲǶӳˡ
СﱻӳеѣԺ۾ͻȻһҪȥŷӳӵܡ
ҿûˡ
Ͻȥͷͳŵĺرˡ
ˣ
رûˣƿܷľͷǣõ뵰ˣȥƵ󽪺ˊͷ
ǲ𰡣شҵ˾ͺȥʱˡӳнץ˼Ƶ󽪣رˬڣô
ҸˣرͻȻģûʹ˵ټء
С˼룬漴ûƵϴ緹Ȼͺرһﵥȥϡ
ɩټرŵȥ˹硣
С￴٣˾񡰰Ѵӷλ£ųռط
õصسǣͼʻԱ˾ͷƱȥйȥˡ
ӰСû뵽һС̯ǰ濴Ӱ
˳ŵĺһʣԼû𣬳СͻȻʪۿĪ
ŵӰûϱӼôʸУǰźñʻȥһȥЩʡ
ƼǡССźϵ֣֪һзӳĵһӰʲô
ӴСʶءС̯ϰЩмЩ֪ʶͶôһû¾سܣĸĸӵģҷǵúǹ쵼ú˵˵
֪ͱ˺֣ܺϰ忴Сﴩá֦չģ϶ǴĶˡ
ү׾˰ɣҿɲʲô֪ʶꡱСᣬ漴ָ̯ӡںһûٱأ㷴鷳ˡ
ޣиίԱԼҳߵĺϷţСѾͷƬӾ˵˵үϽ˳˺µģϸˡ
Сεͷнž£¸ʲô
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нŻи
˶¡үŸȹʼߣﲻӭ㣬һǲСꡱ
С
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үӰģ
ҫүε
ҶʡǹʡеӰԺү˵üɫġӰԺ֪𣿰ѽһͲ֪СسǿûЩ¾͸ûˡ
СҶǷӳӵһԱ
ҶӿʡǵӰԺӳԱɽˮظӵܣǸɱȲҶӡүڰ֣óС˲ֵһᡣ
~С̾һţҰǶӴƵӰԺˣ
Χ̯׷ЦˡСҲ̫Щ
ˣǷӳԱЩ˻ָߵˡ
ϧСȻǵͷͷ˼С飬СȡɽСϵսȵȣⶼǺһûеġ
ûСдη˷һʵİٱ䣬淢˺ضӳصһЩСóС۽磬û뵽شӳôɰһ档
С飬СûþȥԲ档
ϰ壬ټӵ⡱
Сô˷׷׿˹
û⣬߲˺Ͷϰ忴ôݳޡ
ٸǮˡСǲ˿
15֣Ѿܹܹˣһ滹Ҫû뵽СﻹҪ⡣
һ˵þҪСﲻˣǮҲô÷ǮʡŸˣҲϹæЩϰ忪ʼѵ
СʱθڶûˣԼҲйҲ׬Ǯĺ
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ӴС㰡ٻҪ桰ҺСһ⣬ŮԼԼǮʲôͳʲô
ԱһȺŲҶӵĹ˿ͺǲسŮ˿˿˶ŲҶӣŮ˵ǳˣϾƽ¡
Сû뵽ǵԼ֡
˶һ˿ͬһϡ
ÿôæͼһ棬û뵽ǵҡС￴رϲԼﻹûøɾĿӼ˹ȥ
ллСҾϲⶫٻЦȷʵ࣬һ˻ЦǺǵĹﵹǼ٣벻ǵöѡ
С뵽ĳҲúЦ
G˺鷳û
ûУǴүڳϼҶҴ˵СϰҪ˺ܶҶȥǴӴһܣҲû˸ˡ
úãúãЩ˾͸ôһٲʶȤٻ˿ΧЩϵͷ档
ǣЩ־СˡˣǶ˵һ仰˷
ҲǡٻмЦЦ濪ʼСȥ桰Ҳû£ɴȥͣҲȥвһ䡱
СͷסЦ⣬û뵽ôãȻӵۡ˵鲻Ӧò棬Ǻã˵ԺԼ
ллкܶණء
СŮ绹ҪȥвԱߵϰһЩ˿ͶҪš
ϱҪǼ޵Ǵӣֻбһߣ˿ʼ߷߲ƽ
ǣҲģɱһ˷Ǯһ̵˽ѵԴӵϱ
ϱֺõЦЦǹĸϱһЩŮˡ
ǴɩŮˡԱһȺ˷׷׿ɩŴĴָޡ
ϱԺذԴιŲ
裬⡱Сӣһֱǰͷÿˡ
Ҳζǲ˵Ҫ⣬Ӧòʲô⣬ϾӿǼĸ
ҵģ˵Ҫ⡱
ϷϳźӿʼѿӴƨɡԣӽԣ
·Ŀ׷ҡͷЩӣҲ̫ˣ֪Ǹĸ
ͷΡ֡Сȴǲ֪ˣڲιٻӼҵĴƷ
ӣЩģ
ˣܼ򵥵Ķѧҽ㡱ٻʱڳ߻۾ˣûٸˡ
Ҳһ֪ⷽʶǴʱú棬ǱȲӡ
ЦˡʲôǶ˼ʮ꣬ѧ˵㼼ܶѡ
Сͷϵӣô
ͷϵǼ򵥵Ļݲݣϴһѳͷ
Ǽ򵥵ĻͷȻӼ򵥣һй׵ġ
˿ʼʹĻСл˱һرģԺ󲻳ҲĻˡ


 37 

ɩӣôˣ
Сŵüɫġ֪صķس
֪رעЩ¡
ҺŽˣĵرġȻûسһҵϷݣǳСúЩｻõŵʱ
ر⡰ôѻء
ˣСҲ̫ɨˡСε
ʲôС㲻Ҵһѡ
˻ȥŷּûԣʶ뺰ˣСȻʶû˸ˣʱͷġ
˽ıɷ˳伢ˮϴ֮׼˯ȥˡ
ࡣô¹⣬ôú͵ơԴϵĹʱһϨơ
ô˯ˣԴȥŮ졣
裬ƹҺ¡
˵ú͵ƶͲ֪ʡŵ㡱Դҡ֧֧˰죬漴ѾͷŮѵõһˣ¿ǧԲ

Сˡ˼ָʲô
Դ첻˼ЦǴˣװ
Сû˵ˣһ䣬ʲôװġ
ˡԴŮһãȻ˵ȥ׬ǮҲ֪ܻһˣһڼį
OK˵ôСҲˡ裬һ͵ˣ
꣡Դ쿴˿⣬С㡰ôҪĻ˵ôʲôҪ㡱
ǣôͻȻЩˡСʵ
ɲһ˵⻰Դͳ⼸ĥôŮЩ˳ȥɻؼҵģŮ˶ٻįⶼӵġǸסģǧͿ
ǹҲ͵˵ģԴȻ⣬ǺһǸӣץ˲š
СεطۡҪץģҿɲη˼Ҿͷİɣ
ҿ㾭ӳ֪࿴Ϳ£Щ֪˰»س
ӳУСȷʵеעΪӳԶ࿴˼۶ѡ
裬ⶼĸġС˱׼˯˵ˣǺŮͷɻӦõ͵ǣһˣͷû׳͵˵ġ
ҿᣬ׬ǮΪ㣿ģԴ˵ﶼüЦǳԺ
׬ǮҵԼĺôʲôϵǮҲҵġСԼĴ㣬ѧһҵ
⺢ӣ˵ΪȥӳӸɻο׬Ǯĺô
裬Ҫ˯ˣͱˣСƳȥҺ˼벻ͬͬ˵һȥ
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ЩٽصĶÿϻźü󱳰
ټֻȵ˹ǾͿϢˡںͷǷӳӵļʹ
һ̧żٽصķǺֿ̧˿ʱ䣬Ѿ賿3ˡ
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У鷳ˡҩڴͷ⼸š
ˣҲ˯ɣСӡҲøһʻʪ·ֻǶ˳¡

Դؼ˯˼죬ÿ춼磬컹ûŻԼˡ
ÿ춼ѵĳС𴲵һ¾ȥúرķšˣȥܲ
ܣرԺϴˢ
ΧŴһȦΧЩԱֲ˶
경Ҫһ£ϼÿСȸڴ̨졣
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Ҫǲƭ˵ġСһرá
꣬С־ʮȥˮ׼ϴ衰ˮܾˣ֪
ŶɩӣΪʲôҪرЩԹҲӮˡ
ֲӮˣܶ༸ĻᡱСÿľղôҲ㲻ȼûúûе緹ÿ춼ҪŻջ̫ˡ
һ·ˡҿǼҵˮ
Ӵˮûңһ㶼ȥˮˮˮ
԰ðɡرʾôѹˮ£ˮ˳Źˡ
ѾʽͼֳϽ飬ر˺ȥ
ر¡Сӽн
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Ժٺ
ΪʲôرȻѵ㻹ϲֳϣ
ޣֳϲʲôöմϡ
ͼֲֳһر⡣
㲻ЩͷԲŮ˼˺Ϊʲô¶ó
ر⻰ĪҲ
ϴҲϴ·Сһأŵϰȥˡ
СÿûһضӳԺǾˣ
Сһ߲ŵһۣһһ
ǣǲ֪ÿЩ˵ⶢˣ˸ɡ
˵ӵӡ
һӵĺضӳڣŮ˵û£ٹһ꣬ǶĺӶ֪˭ġ
Щ˲ߵŮ˹߻͵ˡ

ޣرȻӳСЩȵˤڵء
Ҹͷɻ֪ŮˣҲû˿šҪ͵ҲҴ͵˵ĸʴбҴȥɩ˯һô͵Ҳû

С޲ιȥرҲ֪ڰ


 38 

4Ѯʼ4µũæʱٶС

ر緹ñľˮãͼһľӹ
Ұⶫһˡ
ʲôرӹ᲻Ҳ̫ˡ
ҵһЩױ̫ʪ˵طСһšźر֡ʱҸԣòá
û⣬ʲôġرԼͷ
šԣرԼⷿ˱һ·ݾͳʪЩ
룬رȥ˴ɩǴ¡
ȥܲĳСҨˮʼϴ裬緹һȥϰˡ
ôֳڼһŵֱĨ֮ǰεʳԽ׬Խ࣬θҲˣξȻ˻ƽ
ƽ𰡣ǺöͼֳϺϻǸү׼Ʊͳ
޴ջ󣬼ֳ͵͵һСӻƽŪ˹顮ƽשͷ
Ϊǵһġ⡯ֳЩš
ȽϣֳѻƽõȥŻѶ˵
֪Сľװʲôֳ֪ʱһֱ
ϸ룬Ǵ£ǣԼңѶݴںرҡЩ꽻õֻкرһ˺رҲûˡ
İɣҰѶźˡοԼϹ
ɵúáֳ򣬿Щĵ찲ο׬Ǯĺô
ҪǱץô죿
ģһСġֳɫضҲұսˡ
ͷ
ˣȥϴ·ȥɣѾȥϹˣϽ·ϴȥæɱ͵ôס
šһͰ·ˮȥ룬Ͱ·ȥ˸ڴӺرҡ
ؼҷŵģԺĴȴš
·µؾͿ˴ȥԺˮǰûùˮ֪ⶫĺôϰȴ᲻ĺӡ
˭ӳвʱ͵˳׼ؼҵˮˮȡ
Ǻرѣ˵ҿǼҵˮ
Ŷ~Ǹ޸ֳϵŮˣӳдӳСټֳϵĻڶǼһûʲôøС
ţ׼ˮϴ·
ҿɲųС˵ǲڼҵʱҲԽˮӳָָͷǴӵ˶ܹغغش磬ռشıˣ͵Žˮ˭֪ʲô⡱
һˮ¶أţӳӲǰ˸ˡ
ɩӣǹ½һ࣬ȥĨһ㡱ڹϰôʱЩʣҪǿԳûռˡ
ˣҶЩƷ̫塱
С·ߵȳ˴ŰСʱҲû
ʻԱôǣźӹǶҪȥԺģż
ʱ涨ģǼʻԱԼæٹÿηʱ䶼׼
Ҳ֪ɣȥʡС˵Ż͹ˡ
֮ǰΪƱСͺЩĦôʱСߡ
˳ˣСһǮһżʻԱ磬Щ˿ǼȥҽԺϹʱǲǸǰ㡱
ʵϣÿ糿ĳ˿ͻ϶мµġ
ʻԱ˵ЩũҪæȻ͹˲ߡҲ֪Լ֪Сϲ£ɴװư͡
ͷĳվС˾׼Źȥ
Сһ̫̫źΧ˹С⳵ʲôʱȥҪ죬Լĵܹ֪ϲϵ⳵
ϵϵġÿ綼ߣԳСǷġ

ش磬ȡɽֵܸһʾƣװǺܱ˵ơơ
ǰЩӺһεǵһӣӦˣһȴǱ˭ܸɡ
5·ݵķӳǼŬɣȡЩӵķӳԱǡӸǼʹ
һһӵķӳӣÿʲôõӰƬƬԴǺõĻ豸õЩӵ꣬ǵá
ȻȲϹ/ӣȴЩӰӵҪϲ٣Ͼйõġ
µξˣҾͷǼ١οЦ
·ż١һʼ˿ھƣ³βܻȥҲ֪ôˡ
߰ɡ·ߺƿơƾ׼豸һȥ
֪һʺʹɽߵÿЩȵȵǡ
ɽˣ
ˡɽһʵ̣һҡҡͷ
ÿЩ豸Լ̧Ϊʲôһ㣬ӳĹǵЩ׬˲Ǯˡ
ӶĶѽɽЦЦǰûôģӺùˣЩӳӵľЩֳҿѽ̫˷ˡ˵ЩֳҪһ飬ҵ죬ҾһӻҲЩǮ
ûģһĽֳ̤ҲСһʿͷĺӳû£
˵ҴǮƽ̯᲻áɽԸЩЩҲԸ⻨Ǯ򳵡
һ⻰ҲˣӳӲǴӵԱίԼ¡ȴǾúӳòְ
ЩӦÿãԼӵĶԱӦҲǹߵĶӳͷǡ
һȻȴռ˵ĻƲٸɣƻҵһõĻĻᡣ
ķӳһλᡣ
ţһʶεľڱصá

¡¡𣬳С˻صվȴּʻԱѾʼˡ
ϳ׼ȥˡڼʻλкųС
Сܵӱ̼һڲĵʮ֡
磬ǲ̫Щ
ˣһûȥءϽϳ
磬Ҫٵȵȡи̴Ůм£˵ĵٵȻ
˼һͣСŮҪûгӣ·ȥ֪Ҫߵʲôʱȥ
ܵȣҼϱȲˣһûȥǸɻҪǻȥˣҲ
ǹ涨ʱ°࣬ǰʮ°ҲˣôڻǰһСʱˣЩô죿СҲܻ󣬺ôڳվ
վʻԱΧ˹
ضӳϱҲ̫ˡСۡ
ޣҲǶӳˣˣʲôءǰеºһʣȲǶӳˣֻǸССķӳӶԱ˵λǳ׵ˡ
ţҲͲٹųС
С磬ֵȥ
Ӿôˡ


 39 

쵼ҵ֤ˡ׷ĵ죬ʻԱźü˿͸Լ֤
Ż˿ͶǵҪ¼ʻԱǰ°ϲʱؼҵˣСǡ
ŤŤ󣬲ʻԱ˲˼ؿ˳Сһۣ漴˵ûǶǾģ֤ʻԱǸˣӲ㣬ҲӲǰ
һͷǵͳСֱܺһʸһȵˣ˶ԳСǺ޵úܡҲ֤ƱԱúܡ
Ʊĳ˿εؿ˳Сһۡǲʶ֣ƱƱԱˡ
ǼƱ˿ӣǳС￴ǿ˽ǮƱûкκ˵ԼǮǮҺһҪģһҲûҪЩǮʲô
ô˿֤ͨһ쵼óС˵ʻԱǸд֣Ѽڰ೵ϼ飬ǿô
װίصͷǾɣҲںһСѾͷһʶ
Щ꣬ÿƱԱؾصģŮƱԱǶúܣƫƫСѾͷƢҲǽ˵ĵ
簺Դ׼ܳСĵǸ
ƨñСǵǸҲԼ䲻䣡Сڱָ֤ʱһӵĻֱӽļƱˤϣŵΧһ
Ʊ⣬Ʊڰ೵ڣ⹤С㲻ˡСҲ˵¶ֱ˳ȥ
߳ſڣԽԽίǸӵļʻԱҲͰˣЩ˿Լǰǵģû뵽ҧһڡ
ţСתͷ˽ȥֱȭȭвȣֱӽǼ˿ͻ綼һ٣ǻûӦСܵ÷ɿ졣

һŻб˼ȭЩ˿Ƕ쵼˵Żû뵽ŵĳСͻȻð˳ӱϮǸûʱ䷴Ӧ
ĿóС˵쵼ָͷֱ£ˣֱǲ
쵼ҲˡöۣȻʵûעʱСߵ˶ӡ
СУСѾͷĵ绰
쵼绰׼ҪС﹫˸˵罻ĵ绰Աӵĵ绰Ͻͨ˵绰
ת3κ󣬵绰ڵǵ
ĪѵһͨĥĴ
»治ƫ̻СҺϤȻԸǿ˵㣬˵ѻ۸˵ĻӣҲ١Ц
Ǳ߸ˣҪǸ˵ƤЦⲻЦ˵ǹȻǶ͵ĺԱȻǱô۸ˣҿƱԱĹҲա
ֱӹҶϵ绰ˬ
Ǳٴδ绰תӣϧЩ绰Ա̫æһʱҲǵˡ
ȥ˷سҵĳСҵٻӡӣܲܽ赥ȥٸ
龭ЦǺǵذѵ
ллⵥһܡ 
û£ӾǸ˱ˤžСһСɣءҺӴϴģҸˮϴ˼飬ֱӳԾС
ллһɣعڵǰͷСŵؼˡ
ﵽһ㣬Сŵ˼ңҲӣͼǱֹˡ
壬ԡСｫɣظǣЩš
⹤ǵŮ˰ѹôõĹ˵ɾͲɣ֪ôڡ
ҽӵһͨ绰װϧҸ״˵Ĳǡ
Сš·°ڲ˵
Ҳ㣬ʱίȴǲܡֿ˻
һ뿪ѾˣӾĥ³Сᰵ͵ˡ
»޷ָأǲӵʱӾ³СԲһʵ¶
οСﻹƱԱĹƽӣ־سʶ˴棬˵ľҰˡԽԽڣڵŮǹ˳С
С⹤һ¾ͷˣֻҪ˴ڹܺš
ϧСҲûеĲ⣬ֻΪԼ˳⡣
壬԰Сɣصݸ
㶼20ˣôЩСӵĶǰڰЩ׼뿪ˡ
ɣ·ߵϾУЩСϲժųԵ˶಻ԡ
ǵĳСڼҹţ׼˯
㻹ҪҪˣؼ͵ˮȣţСٵȼҪͳ´ˣͰؼ׼ˮȡ
ޣҺͺرǺѣˮʲô㣬㻹ûأ˴ܣҪҪˣƲ
֮ǰӳиܺ󣬻ʱʱسúرͳСﲻʱ͵͵ؼǼҵˮϾӸý
ţСǸ´ԣ´ȥϹȥˣԴδˮţСͰˡ
Ժ˯ĳСˣŴ˻С׼ȥˡ
ЩҺͺرڼңԼ͵͵ؽǼҵˮСָŴšûҿ㻹Լȥ
ر˵ҿǼҵˮƱ
û˵⻰ڼˮû£ֻǶڼʱǹ˴ŵģôԺӣԺʲôֻҪ
ôһ˵ûţǿסм˳СһۡǺؼҵĶʲô¡
СﲻϻֱӽͰ˳ȥ
ţС޿ˣԼҲЩ˼Źȴû˵ɣ˵ҪͰˮȥȡ
ȻǷĵġС￴˿Ͱˡ㻹ûţôʹ㣬Ҳ
ˣ粻һҿʹҲáţСʼˮ
СҲ˵ˡ
ˣҼкܶƵ󽪣һڼܳ꣬ڣڼҲû˳ԡ˵ϲⶫҪûȥɡ
ģţСر𰮳󽪣ϧÿԺԵһӶóȥ͵͵Ǯˡ
ˮȥţСŴӹװԵġ
Ҹջȥ˵㾭·ˣ·ҲǿԴģҪǲҪ͸ҰɡţСԼӣǴķ첹·˵СﾭҪ·۵ûš
ԼĶˣһ뿪һӾ·ģҪСȺһһߣҵ˻Щ᲻öĲľ·ռ׼ӵϧһֱˣţСһ˵ˡ
ҪȻҪСû·ţСһ߳һ߸ųСݡ
ҷڴˡС¿ȴһİӡ


 40 

ɩӡӳһˮͰСţСŴµĶ
Ӵ֪ະûͦȵġţСЦ
ӳмţСôЩڡشɩһ㣬رҴӶӳǸҪ˹
شɩСƺֻ뷭ۣо˺ܶꡰͷǰɡ
Сｫİ˳ͷа֣Ҽǵüûⶫ
ŶĶرЩʪʱġӳв
ô֪СᣬҲ̫ˣֻǿ
˵İӳɻ󡰱û˵˰ɡ
ǺšţСشȤӳС
СţСֵľٶʱˣ֪ԼѺرܸ´£ţСڲŶԺرЩС
аɣžͷŰɡСվɰ˴¡ҵúú˵˵ԺҷӦú˵һ
شɩС£ûҪɡӳԼС˵û
ٽһشɩŲűС㣡СִӴ³һӡɩӣ涼Ǻһʵľ·ģϴɾ˵ġ
ͿЩ·˳ˣЩ·ӶˣӲҪס
ţСϲصˡ˲ɡ
ǣⶼǺش·ôأҲ̫˷ˡӳлɳСǹúش粻ڣ԰·ˡ
ңţСҪ޸´ǳСҵˣС͵ҵĶҵ͹ȥ
ӳôһ룬ʱóС˲С
ڶ4ˣ㲻Ϲ͵ӳ㣿СӳС
ӳ죬ڳС﷿ĲƵ˺رż⣬Ҫرԣ³С͸ˣıʲô

Сû뵽ӳôһ¾Ȼôɣ˽㣿ԶŵЩζ㣡
ЩˣС￴ӡܲңֵ
һһζʵ벻ͨЩ˵Ŀζ°ѸոճСʱС㡯
ЩרûȥЩ㡯ϲζ
ԡرʱͿ˹ŵ㣬Щζ˰ɡ

С˵˵ֻ˵ǿľͺá
ˣһӣӳ˵ģ
ŶرͻȻӦǺ˵ˣ˵ȷż죬Ժԡ
رǺܶͬѧˣȻǰһӵģͬһѧѧϰ½ѧУҲͬһ࣬ܺá
ɩӣ㲻ɡرɫЩԡ
Ÿʲô˵ģС¡С׼ʢǰɣ㿴ǶǴˣҺҲˡ
ΪرЩУСﾡŴ㿴Ҵûȥ㷿䣬ΪҶиԵ˽Ҫء
Ŀİ˵˰죬СҲ֪Լ˵˸ɶ
رϴŵ棬˸еĳ濴óСЩھΡİ㵱ӣԺҷ䡭
֪ˣԺ󲻽㷿ˡرĻͻصԼˣҲԡ
ΪԼͳСɩӹϵˣԴӴ뿪˼ң;ԼͳСĸһ׽Ƶģû뵽
رֻʹŴӡ
ˣС˷ԼһӶԵÿļˡ
СԴ켱ææ˹ࡣ⼸æԤϯϿҪܹ˯°ɡ
£ֲСˡСġ㣬ǱʲôҪȥæĲ
ԴֽЦһҶǸ˿ȥϰ˵˵Ѿ۵ĸĳɱۡ
۵Ҫȱ۵˿ͷ1ְ룬Դ׼ĸ£ˡ
ǶҲĳɱۡԴżֽóСȥ͸ʦ
ţǱ߲Ҳ̫ˡСЩֹ
ѾͷԴӼ˹˺ӣͲ֪ļˡԴųСǿޡ
Ǳ׼ĸͬ˵ģСΣֽŵȥˡ
һߣر͵͵˷ܵһﻹ׷
ӳ͵͵ӱ
ˡرһ£ʼʢû
Թˡһ³СѲˡ
Ҹġӳҫ
Ŷ
ôˣİӳиˮȡ
ɩӰҵˡرѸոշ¸˵һ顣
ţɩȷʵ̫ˡӳаοû£ӣ۾ͲҲйģ
ţͲرͷˣȥӸùҲϡ
ߵż̤ȥرָָӳҲķ䣬Ӹ
Ҳ̫ˡӳΪںرǰһֻֽ˳ֱð
ϧﴰˣЩرĥҪҪѶ
ˣȥˡӳгգգۡȥӣкöء
رʱߵһšðɡ

ش磬⼸˶ٳӰɽʵ
ʮһһվݲ˲
㣬ķӳӹƷӳֻ8ҡ
̫ˣٶȣ·ݵľһܵõһúһʿҪӳͷѹȥ
Ƕӳɶ˶һʵĻû˻Ȩ
ʱ˵һҲӳĹͣҶôǴҵġǡҵʱ쵼˵˵ȡøֳ
ɽһСﲻ˵֮ԷӳôೡǺشĹͣһ˽賵ȥϵӣҲص豸Ƹַȡʱϡ
˵׻벻ӳָЩСᶼǶӳģ˵£лĻһʸ˸̣˻̵ϡ
͸һﶼǼᶨĹ⣬Щ¸ɻͨ⽫һµĶֻҪ豸һ˾һӳӣ

ϲϲ
Ǽȥˣǳ´ţСϲ硣
˳СûһʶֵˣԳС˱д񵥡
ҴҶĳСհ˼ڷֱһȺ˺ȥд񵥡
˰ֻǴүҪСдϸˡ
ءС￴ԷļƱӡ
һǮ˳һ棬Ҫɩ桱
»Ժ󻹲Ǯ
¼ҹ5ǣѲ㡱һүʼԹԵشǮ㡣
~
СΣдһʲô˶ˡ
ǹˡ˿ʼ¡
»֡ų´򸾹˹֣漴С˵д˱дˣǻȥһˡ 
ųŵĳСͿΧŵ
⣬СܾԼʲô鷳֪
лҪ˵ɡڸУȤСǿԿһŶ~~
İ İһֱĲϣΪ츳ߵʦʲôܸ
СѾͷ˵أھҪһѴӣܸһľЦ
̯İûþóһӣʹһѿˡ
һ˵ľС˵Ҿͷ㡱
̯İóһĲ˵һ˼ӡ
һˣӼ·ҪһܳٽصıӣҾ͸һ顱
¯ûһóһӣһ˦汬˼ϸ졣
棺
MMP˭˭

 41 

Сһ·ȥ˺ؼ, üʼѡ
ĬؿĳСԼʲô˻
ֻʣ䷿ûˡݺԺӺ󳯸ʹʹɫϾؼҺǹϵһ, ҪҪǹ˵
ȷ⣿ɫҰ׵
ͲҰֽСġʬ˵
Ѷ˺ر, ֳǱ˵ٵܳˡϾͼֳϺǵүץˣѼֳϹ˳
һȺڼֳϼѵ˽صһ, һ
ԸΪֳ϶ֳ, , 첻
ƽ£˵ԼͬıǺرͻȻı뷨֪СͼֳǰҪ˽, Լ, óСͼֳ͵Ļ᣿
ôҲҪѳСˮġ
ЩⶼǳСڱָʹ, 
õˣڽѡ˾ġ
ƽССֵںЩ⣬ֻһֻ۱һֻۣȻƽ, ǵ죡
ۿԼ, СŵֱǷǸӡ˲, ԼģѵҪȥϼꣿҲ֪ηòóԣ϶Ȳϼ
СֵܰŮи, ǺԴæͳϲ̡
ţЩɡСӲܳǵĻ¸
ôܵø˵ѽԴһ־Ҫڵˣ
ʵ˵˰ɣ˽ƽ𣬹ǺضӳҵţС
ƽ𣡡ΧЩ˴г
ƽ֣ŵһûԴ˹ȥ
һӵĶӳμʯһȺˣӳиںͷͷת÷ɿ졣
ƽ𡭡
ˣ϶Ǹ⣡
ӳҶۡӳ˽ˣܵᡣ
ŶӵȻǼƽ

ʲôҲûѵε˵Ǻͺһʺشӳϵͦõģӻеⲻȥ
ûѵ
ˣСҲˣôûѵأ
ܣ԰Ѷرϡ󺰴С
ǽ˭ģôһСһرҲûġ
ˡ˴µ
ô£ֱųС
Сﲻ˵ǲ˵Լ£Щ˵ԼûС⣬˵°ԼԽȥ
ңҡС֧֧ءҲ
ЩңС￴Ⱥг͵ֵӳУ˸ӡƣСˡ
Ҹ֪˵ЩʲôСίʲôƽʲôʳӶû֪ʲôƽš
ǣ˵ôġͷذ˸ѵһͨƾ޾ݾͰֵø˵Ѳ飬ôǰ֪
Ҳûף֪òųСϾСȷʵЩӡڼȻûѵҲû֤ݣǾͲܰȥ
Ѿ֪ͨȥˣΪ⣬ҺžͲ֪ͨˡԼûǺͺؼҹϵһ㣬˭֪ġ
ûмʲôƽҺû˵仰Сϼӡ
ֻҪϼӻӲڼǾҲᱻһҧͬı
ңˡûѵ׻ˣܰѳСŪȥôҲðѺرˮһ˵ùҼǴˣҵǰӽرġ
ǲļСȥֻ˵еʧر׹ŮһĴڣôҲͽȥˣ
ͷӳ⻰͵͵ŵܣ֪ͨرʱɱ˵ˡ
СµܣرҲûʲôƽźͿˣˮ
ֻҪץرչƽ£ҧ˺رǺر㲻ιҲѲƤ
ҲǳѵǾƾԩˣţ˴ȥú
ôżʲôǰһߡ
û֤ôܰѳСߣǲá
ǺͿˣܵúúʸײǣҪ󣬵ȹȺ˸ûкùӳԣԽԽ顣
С￴ŶͷðҲˣͲװЩúķһ
߶߶ͣĳСûԼȶģ˷ߡ
á
ӡ
ţСͳ´涣Сڰ֡ģʲôҲûʲôҲûܿͻᱻŻġ
ţС˳С˼ӵѹĵ˭Ҳ˵
ֳϡͳСﶼˣһȺȥѺرһʡ
ǣǻƽһı桱
žһǺӡҾͰ˸ˣڼģϱʲô
˵Цˣô±ҪϱίᡣߣʵǡʺϣǺһʿɶӡ
ǰɶӸŮЩ׶Ůûʲô
رҪǳʲô£ʲôȥĺؼҸĸ
ϵģںĳС￪ʼ˼룬ô˵ҲЩµģܴȭȡҪˣĴ
ţ󡭡
뵽СĪЦ˳
ɩӣЦʲôһӵĺر˳СЦݣŵҿˡ
ûʲôСû˵Ǽٵġ¾ǺرǵĻԼ޹ǣҲǵù
λǺرһˡ
ҡųȥĺرȽֱ¡
СҲЩģֱҹˣ˯ĳС͵ؾѡر
ˣѾŻȥˡһ˵
û֤Ҳû׵ĺرʺͱ˻ȥ
أСˡ
ţô࣬ȷŷšСεɱ˵ġٵģִ¶ȱأٵȵȣġ
ƾʲôرͿꣿ
С׹ˣǱ˻¹ϵˡ
FUCKС̲סˡ
˵ʲôСعոң
ûҡ
ҼﳤȥģΪҾˣǹһۣŵóС￪ʼ쵱ư͡
ˣǱ˵ĵ̣ǰЩɡ

ڱ˳ĳСۿͷĴ̫
ɩӡرͳ¼Ҵɩˡ
TMDϳˣ

´סˣԼɿɰƯӾȻ˵໰
СղˣţСԾ
ұЩ˸ˡ֪ģ涼Щ죬ЩѧõĶСҲܳԾϱû໰ϾǸǵĴС㡣
ɩӣң˵ҴûʲôӣǲҲôشģرСʵ
㻹˼˵СһѳԱߵС֦֦رϳ飬С￪ʼŰ֡
𣬷ûˣϴɣǸ˵ʱ򡱳´ţСһһ
˵ˣû¾ͺãҪþƺòף´Ӱο
Сúر϶Ǻӡӣ˳˿Ȼȥɡ
˻Ǯ˳ȥ
ǸôˣţС
ѽֳ϶ˡСҲֳ֪Ǳôġ
ԼֳϲΣ
֪϶̫أΪﶼϣˡ
ôô´ϧѵ治ܲ˵ʲôʲôɣ
ҲСҲú棬мֳֻǸĬĬŵСɫԭһ¸ũӡôȫˣȻô󣬻ƽˡ

үֳǱл˵ǰЩǶҧɵģҪȻˣһͬھ
ץٴѶļүĥһСûҪͼֳǷԡ

126ǼԱӳӷӳɹĴˡ
ξ£һǡ
濴ֱĺһʼˣŵȽ˾ͻؼһˣѾûؼˡ
ش硱ɽƺһʣ˷ܵسȥȥ콱
ӳȫصһ
𣬵Ӱ˾ǽ30顣
ΪӳΪ˹ԱҸÿֲиءԱŻͲ˷ܵطԡ
󣬺һʷ8飬ɽһСֱ6ǮԼһʮԪŽᡰĽ״÷֣Ҳ˺ɼݲǣš
һЦЦӳϾô֡
Ҫؼˡһʺ
УǷżٷžõ㣬ټĵؿŽ״
һʣ
һûһҴҸϹСӸסˡƬ߻ĸ㡱
ôһӰ˾һȻӦԼĻᵽˡźɽ˵ͷһʳ˳޵ĳ£ȥˡ
ӣһǿסϲ⡰Ҿ鲻㣬²ʤΡ
С̫ǫˡϵıЦһЩ˵㣬εӰӳǷӳӶӮǶ˵֯ǿˣ˵ǰӶӳ
ꡱһһãֲֻͣšԼĴȣ̲סЦԤУ⸱λӡ
ϵһžɱֽźһܽӳԴÿʳߵġ
˺~ЩˡҪǼӳԺǰ;ôŽӳˣ
˵źǺЦѵΪǮ
ҴСһӳԱ룬ȥ磬СʱҪӰһһ˵˵˰СʱÿƶӺƶԱǶܿϵӰ
ⷬ˷θĻ˵Ŀȥˣۿʪĸ¾˲ã˵־ţȥ̸̸
̸Щύ룬Ӵ˺һʾʹһӵķӳԱʽΪһӵĶӳ
ֻǸ㿼飬쵼ҪȺúļ磬ôõôӡ
һʳξ˸緢˼֤˴š
̨һֱŵĺˣһʳЦЦ߰ɣһˣǳԴ͡


 42 

, س¹Ӵڳĺ١һûǮپǼʹǮҲ᲻á
һʸơ;Ͷ
ɡ
ɡ
ĸһ£ﶼЩɬɬġ
ͬʹ, иˡ
ܸӡòܵĵطС֡
һΪһʵ뿪Щ, һЩҡһɽݶһ̫ǿ, ϲԱ־Свĵλ
ҲòõĵطһʴӷԱж˹һ˷־ܼе˵ĵط
˼Сƣĸ˽˵, ʼϵ˽һСʱ, ϵĲ˱Ը⡣
ءſڣһʺͶѸתվķȥ
ڻ, ӦԼϱ೵
в, һͣ˼, 漴˽ȥ
ãȫֱǮһϱһһֱҪֱ
120飬Ʊ㡱ۻԱûس¡
Ǯû, ƱҲû, һЩźתȥһߡ̨ҪƱ𣿡
̨ȲƱ, 85飬Ǯ㡱
һڴЩԥҪ̨ȣеĻûˡ
ǣǵò3·, СȣڹƸܲ
Сӣ̨Ҫõ磬·Ҫͣⲻ׳·ĴȰ
룡һһԴħˣû磬ȷʵҲǰ
ɵЦһʳµĵطȥ
ȷȹӣЬһһɫĶ
Ŵ˰೵һ׼Сϲ
ʻԱûƱԱǮƱ
ȥĶƱԱЦųһʵ
һŴӵεڰУƱԱϱԭȵƱԱȥˣ
Ŷ˵ǸгʲôСǰɣˡ
ˣ
Ҳ̫ƱԱһǱõЩߵָָǰͷ˵ͼʻԱϵ̫ãִ
һˣѹɻǮյվ³
һţһʿαϢš
50Ӻ󣬳ӵյվ³ĳһϴүǺһʡ
һ³ʻԱ˼롣
һɨһۣһӰԹԵ·ؼȥˡ
߻ؼҵĺһڰ·Ѿ̲סǵЦѾ뵽С￴ЩƯ·жˡ
ҵһӣС߶ĸ캰ص
Ѿ5ѮѾһʱˣֳѾ˳
ر̲סᡰʱÿϿޣ̫ˡҲǺģΪһ˾ܰ˶¡
ֻŮСʡԼùѧû뵽СŮôԵ˼ֳһӶˣҸĸͽۡ
Сһ޶ԣԵ¼ˣֲ֡
Ҹ㣬Ժˣܵñ˭죬ɱҸ㶥رôӳС
ҲŲ¡ӳֹ
ţȷʵ£СҲǸ쵰Сǵкرкӳ϶ϵܵñ˭죬ڴĵʱͣĳ˹
ʮУ
뵽Сӳз˸ۡ
Ե޹ʱС﷭۵ӳҲЩЩûǺشˣɩô˿϶ܵñ˭족
ϻСһҪ£ҵһ
ǷްرЩ
ͷԷɣˮǲܵġСɲԼʲô
ʲôˮ
Ϥ־Щİͷ𣬳С˼룬תһһڵͷ̼ˣ
磡رȷӦ˹ȥ
ӳҲ˷ܵ˳ȥش硱
ضӳ
ضӳ

ԺͷһȺԱΧͷ²ĺһʶЩҿ
Ҹ˳ඹһʰĭӴ򿪡ֻмʮзݡ

ʲôİжûˣǷ׷Χһɨ⡣
Ҹ˸ʹѩ⡱һȺѩˣǰȥϱӴóѩ⡣
СȷʵúһЩİˣøЩ
šллСﲻڵؽӹѩ⡣
磬ءرûתҺһҪѩ⡣
Ҳص˸һʴӴóʣµһѩ⡣
شӳôô󷽰Щ˻ϰ߽ӳһʱĲ
ǹӵķӳӶӳһʺЩ˵Ż۾ȴǿϱҫԼı¡
⻰˻ŵȥϢȥˡ
ΪʲôɩӵСر˱ȡ
ʹѩ12ǮһСѩ8Ǯһһȥʱֻʣһѩˡ
ˣɩɡӳгźر뿪
ҷһǻ飬ųС̲סЦ
СԿװԼŴ򿪡ȥɡ
˸սС䣬һϹŰϱ˸
ۿԼΧ䰡䣬ŪóСֲ뿪ǰһֱװģģû뵽һͶֶŵġ
һ̲ס²ĲǴŻعһԼϱ
뵽మ֮ǰԼһʶʱЩڣСϱ᲻ΪԼˣå
Сﱻһ¸о˼ƤһΪߣһʵײҲ̫Щ
סĺһʼСﲢûһ£Ҳûƿɵ̽Եسȥ
ϸϸŲӣֱСﲱһ鶼ЩʹˣһתأҧҧϱСĶ
Сʹһƿ
ҪٱϱĺһʱСűƿ̫ˣûϴˣ
һεһź̿조ÿ춼ϴ裬ȥݳԷ˰೵ϲš
˵ţһæܵˮȥˡ
վӣС￴˿ͷ˿ӡӣ쵰
磬кܶ໰˵ر˷ܵóһֽдĶ
úúãϴĺһʰƿȿӾš
ͷôһһ¡
šСｫͼֳǼ˵˳
ۿһҪ𣬳СûҪѵҲҲ˵ҪȻһΪ˱湦ȥܡ
ǿסŭĺһʱԲ
ʼˣԼȥӳӵľҲ֪ǶǴ
ţȷʵԲҡС￪ʼ𿪴ô·ķϣҾͲƽˡ
ɫȹӡٺɫȹӡɫ潻Űɫȹӡ
Сﵱڱ鲼ĳ㻻Щȹӡ
֪Ѿûȹˣ
ǰЩȹӺһȥΪⱲӶֻܵһ鲼·ĵù
òÿСＤ´ںһǰתһȦ
ÿһ̲סһڣ˶ͷϡ
Сϲˡ׸ûǰɡ
ŴȹȥԺˮϴС׼ҪЩȹȥҫ
磿رͻȻŵĺһЩţЩ¡
ú˯ɩӳˡһһƽ
ôһвرһ϶û˯þ
ͦġϺһϱĶ졣
һѴҵ֣С￴˿Ưķ˵û
ֻ˵ԭûС⣬Ͳܼԭ·ӡ
ⶼЩĺߡһͻȻ
СϷӦ˹뵽ĸ׵ˡĸױһðĵʿƭǮֺЩľ˼룬ǺܲΪġ
ˣ˵ЩһǼܿˡ
˵ھ׵Ǽ죿СԼϺɫȷʵ࣬ʳáǰҶһ˴һСݣͼɷŮ˴һ
ǼСһֱŵˮͻȻͷϵŵ˿ϴŵӣңҡ
С޵
Բ𡱺һʲͣرǸԲ
òװ˰һöϵˮ㱻ˣ
ûУҰǴˡСί

һ˺ܺ£ǻңҵġСǸˣĳʳǼںͷң~
뵽ԼȻЩͷСڻίޡǲ֪ЩʳԣԾҪѵ
СӣǶαںʳӻǲҲ̶á
óԵģʲôҸʲôһʰο׬˺ܶǮóָɾʳ
ûôƱ
Ǿȥ򡱺һһҲں
СΪԼˡҪȥУ
ֲɻ£ʳûɡһԴӡôңɵˣ
Сͷһֱؼɣÿֵıһû뵽Ҳȥеһ졣
ţˡСЩ˼
˰ؼڱáȡɡˣƻΪԼԵʡ
ˣһʿЦ
ȷʵǿ̿һʼûϳСЦ㿴㲱Ӻظɫ
СһѳԱȣȴ׷ɢڵء
СŷԼ⶯̫ɫˡ
ϱһһѽС˵ڴ̲סûġ
׶յĳС̲סһ˴ȥӣ̫ˡ
صҵ죬һڵ˹ʼϱȥ
СǵƱԱĹ󣬶μʯȥС͵Ĺ
Ҳ̫ˣץС͵Ĺ㲻ʡһϱˣϾһЩ͵˺ǻᶯӵġ
ģһĻкüССǣܲöҸ⡣ҲǵӳģӦ֪ЭжѸ㡱
һŵϹġ
һ顱һʼƻʱ䡰ٹһҾҪȥͷѡˣѡһҲҪȥˡ
˹ӵķӳӶӳǱȥһʵĶԱ
ѡΣ㿴ôСͻȻתҺһȥŵӰ
һȻԸСֻǡѡαģҲ
кѣ̽Ҳ͵ˣѡʲôʱʼȥСôԶʮһ͵Ĵˣνĸ߿Ƽ豸ǿ϶һѧͻᡣ
ӳӺܿ࣬ܲˡһʻЩԥ
شӳһؿշҪ͵˵ģȷѡңСͻȻһؿЦ
ʵϣһ뿪³Сÿ϶ϰ˺ŵӣһΧżһĶֵء


 43 

Ҿ֪гϢ֪һְ, Ժúܡ
һʴȥӳְλ˵ûʶĿǳȥӲ£ȻΪӵһӳ, ɷˡ
һʻ컹4Ǯһıڶ˼͸ԼӵС, ӶĽһôöӳ
һҼڱȥǼҳԷС극ϺȾĵúܡ
ǰȥĳСﻹûԼǰͼμʯӳͼСѹżֳϡ
ɩӻˡμʯС͡Ǵӵ˿ؽ, Խץ
СҪô죿˿Ŷμʯ
ɹμʯӺһѧ˲ֶΣһʿ롣
˷ݽֳ˴ͷ¡
СóһճǷָЩллһץ
΢Сֳ֪͵͵Ǹʲôģ϶ȥЩƽ
ֳ˽Щƽ϶˲Ǯ, ڻǷծƽ𲻼, ϶˸׳졣
С֪̰ҵĶϵļֳϷĴ󺰡ΣǮ˸ɸɾǻƽϣ
С￪ʼҺһһͦ, ҲԸԼҡҪȻƾֳ, ϶Ҫ
Сﱳյ˹ȥ, С˵ƽǰɣѾҶȥˡ
ӳк˵ѻƽӽ˷Ŵˮˮȥңƽûˡ
Ǳ˲Сķ˼ȥ, Сﲻں, ɲһ̰˶ˡ
ûˣֳ˫ĿѪ, ⻰̰ǲǣ̰ҵǮ
ֹغһʲô£
Ӧ˽ˣҿɲ˵ѻ˾ǶˡСƾУԼȥ˯ȥˡ
˯ĳСûñһʸˡ
öμʯ˼ֳ, ˵Сȥӣںʲôƽ𡱺һʺܺ桰ǻƽûˣ
ûˡСҲÿϧҲ֪ĸõĸˣҪˡ
û£Լ׬Ǯõ̤ʵһʿʼʰѾ˱еһѡΣú׼
ϱ·ˣͨҲʣ·ȫ׼ߡ
СǰɡԱߵһ쵼˿ֿһޱĺһʡȽȥ顱
Ļ̶ôд궫һɲЩˡ
ۿΧһĻ̶Ȳеˮ׼С΢Щԭ顣
ΪһӳԱƬǵְ˻ҲܶһȥԻӡ
С۵һзӳ豸ָƣԱһ˿ŷӳеʱ򣬳Сҧݣõһѽӳ˱ϡ
ã
ã

Χ۵˷׷׸Сơ
±һԱΨСһбӵá
ҾûѡӺʡһ쵼ʶƲСһŮ˼ͷܵЩࣿ
ĳС쵼ֹʱЩ˳ֿǱӵⲻмЦСȭͷNɪʲô㿸ӳȻǸ
ЩνˣڵɻʱҲû˵Ů˲СƫƫЩʸǮĻƣͿʼŮ˲ܿࡱСΪԼ϶ѡˣʼˡ
سǸӵĹǣӳ100һ£Ա50һ£ûС
Ѿررر۵Ĺˡ
СС˵ļ쵼ˡ
쵼ƤһЩĶС˵ú
ҪͶƱСЩ˵һЩĿȥˣ漸쵼һ¡
һԼȥϹһȦ˼żصͷСǱƢ¡
ôһֱȵһʲŵȵСæϵݸ
ĲþһҲЩʧ䡰û£Ժȡ»ؼһˡ
οĳС˼ͻȻ͵رĵһϡСѡˣ
Ա߼үôӵˣåȥǣһʸϽųСˡ
˵ˣһӷ޷ӳӣСƲЩƲϡǾȻҰѶ͸ĳɡ޷ӳӡҲŲԸ⣬Ҳ̫ˡ
ҪѵܾãǳСͺһʶԻӵ̶Ƿھѵͱ˳
һӳнǮںֳƱ򵽡
ҪˡСֳСϳеĴӻ֡
ζӳһҵ˶μʯȥסţⷿӾûסˣֵûµʱһ۾С
İɣǻúǿӵġ
硢ɩӡر޿᲻ǡҪҰ
СﰲοرʼʰϵӲˡûطˣǺô͵Ⱑ
Ⱥ˱СﶺЦˡ⻹ֵõ㣿ԼԹˡ
ˡ
ۿǽһֻѼŽֳСغͺһֳ뿪
뿪ıӰµȺ˸У֪˭ͻȻ˵һ䡮˵ضӳ100顯
룡Щ˲䲻ˣʼƶԸ
ˣмҪ㡱С·ϿԼ´͵һѼͻȻӦҴ˵̬һֱܲģ
ϱһĺһõزֳϱôһ˵ЩΡǰ˵㲻ã
ʲôʱ˵ˡСմһ˵粻Ǹˡ
ֻǣһ˵û뵽һֱǵڡ
˵ôôССЩ־̫СˡƭģҴһֱҡ
㿴Сӻó1ԪֽҡҴһֱŵ˽Ǯո͵͵ˣ˵ͷЩóԵıίԼ
ţԺ󲻻һʵҲɹСĻôһ˵Ҳˡ
̫ˡСܸж
˵Ҷܹ㡱һʸпǰҳţûЩԵġһŹҶͲˣⶼǿϡ
ռҵıˡСһ˵Ѽֱӳ͵̵ơȥģ
˵سƬӣȥƬӡ
ƬӾǷӳԱӣһΪǹӵģܵһʱõƬӡ
صƬӷֳͷСźıӸס°ˤǹλˡ
ߣǵһšֳͷһų
߿¶ӰšСҲ֪ԼΪʲôô
ӳӵˣһȺӾڴͷרŵš
СóһֳϣƮĺд֡޷ӳӡ
ǷµӰƬӣ˺͹һȴ·ĵӷ
µӰǴǵһķëСӷ׷ܳȥҫ
ôˣһóСæ̧ӣһˣȴǶ
ûСᣬû뵽ԼҲôһ죬ȺɰĺΪһƵӰȸԾͻȻԼְҵرΰ
лҪ˵лӪҺСʹ 10ƿǳлһŬģ

 44 

˼, ɽС·ܲߡ
ͷ£СͺһϸСĵֳ, ǰͷһ֧ڴ·
ôɽЩСźһʡ
Ǹ֮ǰߵ·ͻȻɽҰ, иԱ¡һʸС͡ǴηӳӰ¾͸ˣҲ˺ҽӳӵ¡
ǿɵСˡСͺһʶ˼ѷС, ֳҲ͵͵һѳ˵ġ
ɽ·ر𲻺ߣ˵ùųĻעŽµ·, ҪǲСȥƵ÷û
һʿЩɹһǺĳС, ͻȻֺˡ
ӦóСӳҲ˽ģúϱָء
ʱۣܿһܲܡ
Сע, ֿǰ·֧顰ǵĺòûͳ, νܳЩõġ
һֱܳĬûô˵֧, תͷԳСͷ˼֡
˼λòãƽʱճҲЩȲͷЩӡ
ЩˡշӡǮģѾǶõĶˡ
֧鿪ѵֺͽź, СЩ, ͺһʳԷ۹ķۻⲻó, ڸв֪
ˣˡ6࣬ڵˡ
˼壬˷׷վڴڵǣϴοӰѾǰˡ
Ǵ˻С׷׶ֳĻ¶ֺµĹ, ׷վԶЩǺ°ЩɻŪˡ
ȳԷ֧˴ȥԷԼЩ˲£˵Щһ¶Ứ
֧ŵŻҿ϶ЦݣһȺʵվ֧ͷԴȥ
ⳡóСᡰ壬ֻҪƬӾУҪӳɣµġ
⡭֧鲻ңӵЦЩ΢
һοϱı漴ǰ֧ʾЩҪҶС
֧ӳͷһֱðⶼǺö
Ҳ֧һԶţЩǰʶ
Сͺһʱȥһ˼ҳһҰ˺һ̳һ󼦵
ȷʵǶˣʼڳŷˡ
һֱΪǹǱȽģû뵽лиƶĵط
СִһС㴩ʱûþӦˣΪʱ޸˺һʣ޸һʹ70Եˡ
ȻӱȽƣǼˮÿԵĶҲ٣һһֺòˡ
֪ʲôӣԷǰϴֶҪȥԶСϴ
ҺҴԭϡССֹԸ޸һҲǿá
ʲôһû塣
ûʲô˳׼Լȥϴ룬ȺŰϴˡ
˲˾õȣʼȥŵӰ
ҹɫ£ǰвµС̲סȥĻ֧˹ַվ
ҲģСӣ֧ºһǺӴ
û¡һʶǺӡлˣģǻ˾ͻ
ӿĻϴܵĻսСȭͷлҾʹ
һʱ⺢ģùЦСԴȥͷˣɽͷлкˣеӰͺܶóԵġ
ãСͷһʵĻסˡ
վڴͷſӰĳСǰӺСŮӰĺһʣСЩ١
֮ǰ̸һκӵ£Ȼһʿ˵ҪҲУǳСúһʻϲӵģÿȥŵӰһʶЩӽӰźˣ
һӰ꣬ЩҲ뿪׷׿ĻϵĹ⡣
һӶû硯ֶĻϵĵƹⰮ֡
ɢˣɢˡ֧鿪ʼˣӳӵĻҪϢء
ӰһʺͳС￪ʼʰ֧ʰ˴õһӡ
СｫԼԴıӸڿȥЩĴͷȻͺһʳ˯ȥ
Χһ壬һʸŵӰʱϤ֧һֱţﱻ۸
Ӱ󣬺һʾʹųСʰ׼ˡ
šһͷһȺ˹ˡôŵӰʲô˼
СҲȥŵӰһ㶼ǺһȥϵŵģҲûʡ
ֻ˷ӰοҲһֱֱؿǰͷϼ̺۵ˡ
Ͳǿôȥͷ򡱽ЦЦô
ֻͷ˷Ӱ뿴Ӱٵȵȣбķӳӹһʲò
˺һͣϵİ̺۶˶ǿ壿
ӣ£˼ҷӳӵ˲˵ѡ֧һ峤Ϲ͡
ѹ֧Ļߣԣѻ£ԼԼţһ˵òá
ãһȺš
֧˹ţСû뵽ԼͺһʾȻôˡ
һֱϣһʺͳСֳԱ߻Щ
СЩ˯嶼ˣΪʲôȥŵӰ
˯ɣҿšһûػ
㻰ءСۡ
һʳĬã󳤳̾˿ǰ˵ͷ嶼ǹŮû
ڴĳСﱻһ⻰ŵˡȥ
֪ΪʲôһʲȥͷŵӰˡ
һΪΪǸŮˣȥЩΣա
СĻҶҶ
ڴǰǸǧ𣬿ҲһЩõţһЩŮѧȥɽǿ*š
ŵþѵĳС˯ˣСֵղǻ˵һ㡱
ʲô
ǸŮȥ˧ʮҲȥС˵ſʼЦ
һһɻؿСϱ֪ʲô硣
ˣЦҲСεͷ
ô족С￴ΧѾ賿һˣ߸ߵĹͷ
֧˺Ⱥţ˶һȥϢˡ
ɽҹ·ߣҹ·ֱȺϾͷĵ˴
ȥ߲ˡһʶųССֻܳߣԽԽ߲ˡ
賿Ⱥ˿϶Ҳ˯ˡ
Сͷųߡ
ɽͷһ˼·ߣɽǱ߸һ㣬߳ط
áСͷҲֶߺһ㡣
賿࣬ѾҪɽˡ
̫ˣɽ·ɽһ·ͳ׵˴·ˡСһܹȥźһصһڡ
ضӳ
ضӳ

ɽ洫˹СΪ֧顣
ԣһǽӵֳͷѵץСɽܡ
ǡСͷû
һʲãץųСֶǺû˾ûˣ˱ծͷдּǹлʱ
ǣȺ˴ӱ˳վɽ·ĳӺӰ


һ

ꡯĴԼð, СԼܵ÷ɿϢ
һԵĺһѾԳѪƵһǰûע⵽ھȻǳСǣܡ
СһЩܲٶ, СȫѺһʸ˦ں󷽡
ʱʱͷĳСѾӳͣ, Щ˵ȻŹʹ󵶸ƨɺͷţץȥд
ܳɽɷغ
˵Сǰͷôôûûɽ£
ɽҲ̫Щ
6, Ұֳӵһ£ʱҰرС
ڴҰ¼̥һͷҰӺͷϮĳһͷ̡
һĻĴҰʱ, ͵ϮҰ
, һȺ˶ˣСҲ͵ءɲͣ
š໡ĲҽͷҰɽߵС·, ôڳСͽȺ˵м䡣
ʱŭеҰҲЩ, ɽ¿, ɽϿһȺࡣ
賿3㣬õɫ£ֻҰƵĴʱˡ
Ӵ˶Ұһ, ǰҲҰСȥ˴, ǶС, ¡ϳ˽ӺһֵаѴ󵶣жľ
СҲҶҰͷŭ͵Ұô죿һǸû㣿
뵽СΪԼʱܿЦе档
һһѳͷҰ, СֻˣҰ̹ߣͻѡ񹥻һߣǳСͺһʽͲˡ
ͷҰ̲ߣͻȻسȺ˳˹ȥ
ܣһС˵ţǣųСС·ѸܣһͲӰ
߲ҽսս
ġŵҪһֻҰҲöԸͷҰһʵڳԲ
ܵɽ£ƽ·ʮӵ˴·ԡ
Ŵ·ܵһ磬Ѵţ˵ص
һȺ˴Ź߸źһɽˡ
ôȥءСΪһʵеȺ˲źá
ΣѾͨһûҪȻԺ󲻺ý͡
һ·߹ȥȺ27ˣͷѾҰ
ﶼǺĽЩˣСǵ⣬ѾһȺЩ졣
ο˵ϱҰҧ˸Сá
ǻȥͷһСָָЩˡ㶮ġ
üһȥ³⣬˻ȥͷȡ
˶ȥҵñǹǰЩӲӳӵĸŵӰû뵽Ⱥ˵ȻҰѷӳӵ˸£ֱǹ죡
̫ˡСƿһƬӸûһ˿ЩǺͷ׷û⳵һ£ҲЩƬӹһ١
ƬûͺáЩҲܿģ֪ЩƬҪӰ˾ӻǶӰӼã˻һ㣬ǱԱǾͿʵƬˡ
7µһ죬극·޼ȥ
ӳӵˣΧڵ·߸˹ơ
ǷģѾ˵ϸЩ£ǹ磬ֻܳԺúȺãѾαţֻרķŵӰǡ
˴ӳĻһʺͳС￴ϵĺòЩ˼һŪóԵĶ˹˰һӡ
ȻĢСѾܾûԵķˣͺһʳ⣬ȫǷ¶޵״̬ѾܾûԵҳˡ
ĢժģʡһͣСҨȵ㡱
ллСҧ˿ˬɿڵĢȷʵóԣŨЩֲڵ׷ʡ
ĴɫЩƣЩǣһǵѿǵʱûѲɾ
ֲڵ׷˺ܶඹӡȻȲڼҳԵľϸĴ׷Ҳܲˡ
ǰֻһʷ⣬ϱ˹ȥ
ӲڼСſӿʼмȡ
һԿŵĴүǵһοôмȵġԼȶôϹǶֱϿУûôѾŵġ
ȻˣҪǶԺһʰΨһһȸŮ˳Щˬ
ʱˣЩϱǶܸɻԼҲز˵£һܲˡ
С֪үϴɾʱǷӳƬӿô죿
СԱ˵öԡӳǴүеһߣѵһͨ˳ȥ
ЩҲ̫ˡһÿδϱȥӷŵӰܵõһĴ
˶ԲȴܳԵôãǲ
Ŀ̫ˣЩڵæţܿһӰǶ˵¶
ǳԲþͲǺú÷ŵӰСдЩЦá
Ҳ⡱һǰӳʱЩӳӵҲ𾴣˼ԺԼӷŵӰˡ
ǶԵӰԣ賿˯ҲҪӰ24Сʱڴӷ˵Ӱ˯ʰڹһñߵС˯ˡ
Сǹ缸Ūѧã̧˴ӹ
̫ɹƨˣ˻˯
ߣ˾Ȼ˯

СԺСΪԼˣֱһСƨǴϱıСͺһʶѡ
룡
Сŵһ
һ۾ͿһűС嵽ǰǳǺεȵ𾪡
ȥȥһʿʼˡ
ЩС˵ɻܹ˼ϢҲȺСܵ⣬æˡ
ԲסϢˣЩС̫ˡЩܲ˼ӳӵһֱڸǷŵӰ첻Ϣ˳ѡ
û£ҲҪȥﻹƬˡһʺͳСϴ˰ֳسȥ
һһֳ߲һҡͷ
ģȵķСһʰ̾͸ˡ̾ʲô
밡ҲôɰһǰƯСͰɾĿɰСк;кҲɽ쿴ȺӵĺӣͻȻһҪӵ˼ûˡ
ʲô㳤ôÿĺӿ϶ҲÿСﰲοҪҪӣȢһǣˣż
Ҳԣöÿӿ϶Ҳһһ룬ɻˡ
Сﲻ£תƻ⡰Ƕһ£ʱؼһˡ
ҪʳСʲôǾǼǿˮůô죬Ҫڼľˮöˬ~

ӴˡԴ컹ûȫʱĵںؼˮˮû뵽һ·ĺر
رɫȻšһóԿ״򿪷Žݡ
ΪˣԴ㬵ˮͰؼȥˡ
رǱ߻ˣһòûУԴصҿʼԹǹ
裬˵ȥˣԭȥ͵ˮˡ´ͷۣ˵ˣҪﲻҪռ˱ˣǲ
СӣĸȥŮҴˮʲô͵ԴҨһưˮȵǽһʹ조ģһ벻⾮ˮǺر̫ˣȥҴˮͱӲǱ۾۾ģɫ
ܡ´ʶķ˼ҹúܣĻƽ
һ˵ѻɣԴһӻ
Դ챳ĺرڷ漴̯һŵ·Ǻġһ֪뵽ʲô̲סЦ
лҪ˵лӪҺСʹ 8ƿһŬģ

 46 

ɫûȫ, رϽϴԼЩ·
ֻǣ·һѪϴɾرؽ·鲼ˡ
ɵӲСĵ˹ˤ, ǺԼŴŶȥ
ɫرǼҿ, ȥһӵȥӳ˵˵
·ͻȻĺر䶼ˣͻȻ뵽С̵ġһʱʱ, ˹СĸӦԷڱǿڵߵʱڵϵĺرסԷĽ, ˫͵һ, е˲ʹſֵڵϡ
˲رܵ÷ɿ죬źر϶ˮ, ʱͻȻмСÿܲ
һܵһӵĺرҵӳоͱŲ֡
ûǺ˵Ļ˭, ӳͺرȥʱǻû
ӳ, СᱧŻలοһȥģҲͷЩܵ~~
ģӳ·Ͽϴ·ȥǼҵĺر
겻˼ض, ŵߵĺرͻȻ׵Ľסôˣ
ǻʱҲǴӴȥ, ѽŸˡӳп˿, ֻϡ˾
ȵЩԶӳС˵ģһ㸺ġ
رͷýŵĽ̤岻˵˵Щ֪˳Ǿͻ½õĹ
ĸʲôء·Ȥǡ
رһʱĻ, ϲŵԶˡ

磬ǻƬӡһʺͳСĵӰ˾Ƭӡ
޷ӳӿǳһһʽƬӣû⣬ǩ֡
⻰ô˵СȤ̽ͷȥյúܽһһѳԼ
С
һһƽģ϶Ǻ˼ˡ
㣡Сﱻ⻰ţԣ֮ǰصȥسϴ˸ɸɾ裬ӵˮһ㶼
ضӳڳԴס粻ذڰ֡һ·ӳĳǱ˵ˡ
ңϴȥ˼㱻˸˵³޷ӳӳ˵¸Ҵ͵ķޡ
·ΰ칫ң˵ǱСɱ©˷
С￪ĵصͷһֱŬɻҪĸǺġ
ǽ׼ؼһˣҪϢ족ضӳݽ롣
̫ˣҲǱˡճӰ˾ţС̲סҫ
׼ŵһֵܷӳӺܲмޡ
~Сﳶһ䡰ʶ𣿡
ҲǹӵģҾͲ֪ˡ
Ŷ~֪ˣǹʱǺáСﲻʼ硣
һͬصͷ̫ˡ
͡һСﱻһһĻֱ
ȥвһѶֳȥ
ŵӣ˾ͱΧס¸ԱǷɳԵĺضӳСﵽ׼ϴ衣
ϴ£һʳɾˮϴǳСÿϴ趼Ҫؾһ
ڿԴȹˣϴһ¾ǻɫ黨ȹӡ
ԴӷԼɹںÿⱼĳСﶼǽʵʵӣͷҲʱʱŶңԼɹڡ
ò׻ؼϢһҪġϧˣûȫ͡
ⱻɹˡһıӣŻһɹ̫¸ˬζ
϶ǺرɹģҸСһδĴϣǼã˼辮ˮķҲ졣
̫ĺˣǡ﷢ŸĳСͻȻ;һֻԼ¶СȥҲ˰ɣʱʱһСȶǡ
ۿֻԽԽϣЩĳСҲ̲סתһѴ֡
һʴЦһ˫һۣ漴ȥһȹ³˳סСȡȥϴ衱
ɫߣС͵͵˾䣬ôܶôƯȹûûء
һӦúһȥˣڼһʻʱʱسԳȥͷŵӰֻ˯ڱ˴һԶĻᶼС
еĹӻصظǷŪ䷿ֿ˯˵˯һ䷿Ӱ첻áŹۡÿʱ򣬺ضӳɫܺÿ
~С뵽;úЦ
磡СرһξͿҴ󳨿ţ˷ܵ˽
Сһ㶣ܾúرﲻһˡ
ôңرС￴ЩĻš
һȦСۼطСݮ
Ǵ˴رͻȻӲһϽŲˡ
ӳ׵ģСؿ
ԴӺرӳз˹ϵ˾Ҳ̲סƵ͵͵һס
û鲻̫׽ģСı˾ٱץߡСͻȻ뵽ص㡰Ǹˣ
ûСرתͷȥ
Ǿͺã仹СԺдõδڿɲܱǣסСѾȲȥѧˣ
ҵŪС˾ѽӾǰ~
ڼЪ³ȥسǡ
һȥСȡƬӡ
ƬӣһáСĵؽƬ˳ڼ۸ˣһƬ5Ǯ
ô󣿡Сس¹ӶһǮƬӵļǮǸͣ
ͻȻӺͷð˳һǮһϰƬ˹ȥ
ʲôСȥ
żصƬӲ֣ŵС˳ƬӸˤˣ
㲻ӹҸǮƬӾҵģɷ
ޣֻӹû˵ҪƬӡСƬӲ֡ͱСƬӣҿǻˣ
ڣżǲȥƬӸλҵӴ
ǰڵӰ˾ǸֵܷӳӣǸ磬иܵܽ
ۿųСŮ˲֣ƤЬýŸһȣƤЬڴŲЬĳСʹ˼Ȧ۵óСһֱֻӡ

˲䣬ʧȥڵϡ
ƬӵĳСͬµڵϣⶼƤˡ
Сһ˽
Ƭӽ磬СѵЬһ۵Žڵҷ̫ˣۣ˵ǽֺǴĵط
һԼ۵ûĺһʴ
ŲȺ¾۵ضƬӹϸϸ˺һο˿ãƬû¡
ڴܵӳӣҪƬˣҲ
ܿϹֱ¡ҪƬŪˣҿǻ
дȥ
ͷﰵϲһʳСҪǱ˵Ҫûˡ
ЦͻȻʹղźͺһʴʱˣЦ̫һЦͳۡ
Сһʵҿ㶼ûʲôˣ̫ҵĺضӳ
ѵ˵ĺһϱ⻰εһѳʹ´Ҳڵʱ˿ɲǺġ




Сĸֵһʱ, ƬѾ˱ķӳӡ
ֻƬӡ
⡶ȡɽɣЩǶϲһƬӺ󣬳С￪ʼ׼ֻ
ŵӰųߵ, Ⱥ˼Ҫ塣
ÿηŵӰǰԼҪõ˼룬ɷӳӵԱ, ֻȥ
ַŵӰֻֻԱ, ʲôƶǸˡС
дֺһʻϵúĬ
ҪȻôôءһһҲÿ࣬ϻ̬, ôȤζ
Ҫǵѵ, Ҳ֪㻭ôáСúһʳûܹõĽѧʶ⣬ʵܴ
⻭ΪһʴСϲС, ĿȾ, Ȼûԡж, СҲһ
ҲܺÿһʲΪСϱſģȻ壬ÿοųС־Ǿúÿ
ǡСһҲǫ飬ϱ鷨Ʒǻġ
Ū׼, ˲ֳ·
ŶҵĳСĵؿŻ, ͻȻͷֻ⡰ͣͣͣ, ˣ
ǵôӳĺһҲ⻰ŵͻȻһ飬Ͻͣ鿴
ǲһСЩģǮҪǮҪ
ֹһʽϸһŷַӳоˡ
㿴ŵ, ôôСġСš첲Ӳ˵ٱˣ
ضӳͷһαϱôԴʱЩίҲ˵
ϸ룬ʲôʱ䵥ˡСøۡ
ִܽȥʱ򡱺һ룬ֻʱ뿪һӡ
ġС￪ʼϰ
ӦáһҡͷҽȥʱҲûǸʱԻֽš
СĬһӡԾ˵ǲͣﻹЩ͵˶ǵĻֽţѵԵô
һʲ𻰣ӳ⼸ԵһֱܺãҪ˵Եһϱųɾԭ򣬲˵
ô죬˼Ҵӵ˵ſӰأľռλӣѾȱˣȱϯɾͲˡСżؿŷӳ޲е޺á
ȥ취
һóСǰȥ籨ԼֳϻȥԱߵһȳ
֣ô
ģ˿ôŵӰ
Ǹӷӳһңÿӳǵһܶͽ
ԴǸһʵڵھ»˵һε齨޷ӳԺһµķӳֳ7
ҪλˣֻҪϱ϶дһ飬Ǽ졣ǳ⼸㣬ӳռõһһҪõα
Լô죿
ܣһ·ҵܶʲô˵ˣ쵼Լޣȥޣ
ߺһʿֳȥһ
ֶˡһ鳤źһȥһԵİ칫ҡ
ҵĶҿеļվ
ĸһʽеһӵ˹
ǵãСʱ˺һɶӸŮúһʽĸ
Ϲ⳧ĳﵱƣÿæýŲմأѾܾûһˣ׸Ҳûˡ
ֽӷ£пҲûȥʵǡ
˵ҲԵǰһʺͺرûµʱͱӹȥ档
һȥģŮС෢ֺһʺͱ˲һǳ໹Ϊ˶û˵
СϲϺһȻ£⳧ȻԸӼúؼԸԺؼúãȴԸúһȢԼŮ
ȥһʽ飬СԼֿ̫֡ΣҲûȥϯֻǰ˺
˽С໳Ժ뿪ЩԼƱԱĹ˳С
ùһ͵ӣСƤȻøɸɾӷںһԡⲱӣɹˣͨͨġ
߶߶ؽ˿СʱһʿЩˣЦ˵ɣʲôҪҰæġ
һεԼӡӳˣ볧ﶮЩʦ
ߣҴȥıȥʦȥˡ
ȰѶ޺ãﱧŸϷڳϡϳˣƤڲϣƤɹ˵Ƥⶼ㲻᲻֪ɡ
֪ġһʳ֡ĸȥɣͷ̫ˡ
ոһգһ¹ȥˣӰ˾ʼѡα
ȫһٶзӳʸķӳԱ·̨ϵ쵼
һʻˣ˻ɵֱߡ
ش硱ɽӺͺһԲԲССӻִк
ǺáںһǰĳСͻȻƯСźһ¶ݵĿ⣬תͷС졣
ϱһϸɽǽܡ
ɩӡɽЩߡǰش˵ǹһ֦һشȻû˵ѡ
ģСû뵽һҲϲͷҫһ֦ĳƺҲ̫Щ
һʲ˼ЦЦ˵㳤ÿܲš
´ȥո࣬ӵòƬЯ˾ͲỳˡСüŪۣ˾ô˵˵Ļ
ЩԱŶ쵼潲Ǿ潲̨һͻȻĻͲϬؿ˵ĻĳСͺһʡ
ͬʱεصͷεǿɾͶˡ
쵼˿һСʱĻڵʱ̡
ǼλһϿɣصǡͣٵηһֽصΨһһԷ޷ӳӣǵĺһʺͳСͬ־

ӳһøӳĶӳ֧ǵһºԭ÷޷ӳӻ
Ҫٱ
ͷСţǰһش˵
ٱ˭
һʺͳС°ܻСţ̲סǸ˴ȴ£˵Ӱκࡱ
Ǹһ˵أ˵ô£
׼һٵķ޷ӳͻȻͱе˰칫氤ѵ
Сţ鵱ǵ˵һ飡
áСţָźһʡǻˣȴ˻ûϱ
д£κɸ֣ôҪĶôŪء
һûεĻֻСţˣ
оˣһͷǻ
ɾˣô֪ҵĻˣ֪ôϸһ漴εǸ龭һһ˵˳ʱŵӰȽϼҾȥĳޣϱģֻæͷһʱˡҪⲻǻӵ⣬˭Ūġ
һ˵仰ʱֱͷӡ
ҲعˡѽǸô֪Ӿ廵ġ
ҡ
ǡ
ͻȻɫҰףͷ󺹡


1

ͷСţӺ˷, ɺһҲø𣬱ϾܻҲ
ͷ㽫Ӱ̨Ļ޺áŵζԺһ
Щ̫ռˡСԺһ²ۡ
Ҳû취, ϾԼдȣһʿϱЩԥҵȥĸʦ̽ҡ
Ŷ, ȥ¡Сﲻôʲô
һã漴ԳС˵˺Ů¡Һûʲô, СʱñȽ϶࣬˺ټˡ
ţ֪, ˵鶼ȥˡС￴ʱҲֻһʴ, ԳС֪ⲻʲô˵£ġСںͷء
ԭ׺󣬺һʺȢϱġ
, ⱲӺһʵѾı, һԺ󲻼ټŮˡ
㲻Ů£һ˿
Сڰ֡⡱
һȥѯ޻, Сȥ˷س
Сһˮ
ãӸϴóԵġٻϴ˼ϵˮĲ˹ϡ
Сؿ˹ϡϣ
ûϵζ
ǲ˹ϣĳϻе壬Բ˹ʲ
˹ˬˮ, ٶҲ塣
Сͬ־ˡسҪȥ, ˳һϹԡ
áСһس, ӡ̣û˵ģЬ涼Ƿ첹ļ󶴡
Ҳ̫ʡ˵㡱СԶˣʼ졣
ѽмǮ, ǰ׬ǮҲȥ顱ٻЦҲͨˣԼ׬ǮԼõĳԺõĻǴţȥһ 
ԼǮԼЩռˡ
ҲкܶͷԲŮ˰ǮЩţ뵽ųСأ˵ǮôŵģǧͿ
ģҿɴˣŲô
Ǿͺáȥ·СѾͷΣǶϱصؼЩ·ǳʿʽ
ͷسĶӶϱأ֪игССѾͷȥƣӶϱмصЩÿ·
Щ궼ɽװŮԴԷװʱˣǶϱ˵￪ʼ㻹ʲôţ
ȿ㣿СЦ
ŶԶԣȿ㡱óһȹҸտȹӻһⶼЩʲôҲЩظȹӿ˻Ǻÿ
óСԴԿҶϱġ
С￴˿·ʼԼ䡣һŻɫСļӳ˼ƫɫȿ㣬ŲŰЬۡ
ÿЦЩΣܸоȿ㿴ȥЩ֡
СƲ죬˵˼ԭ߲һ㣬ȿ㴩ԵԼЩȹӡ
ʽһȹСﴩ黨ġ
С¶һִȣһʼ㶣漴ΧųСתһȦСĺƯһѾͷˡ
ӣһҲ˧ҲԿġ
šǿ˧
ܸȣĶŵͣǲںӣɱȲСЦҴ㡱
Ǹá
˴·ţȹĳСܵ˵עĿ
ޣҪ˿ʼС
سҲдȹӵģ¶СȣСϥϵһְ׻Ĵ¶ž˲ʡ
СŲܣԼøˡ
ҪӴȣ
ҲŲᡱŮ˽ߵضϹһߺܿϹôںԼһĽؿƯȹӡ
~Сɨһ۲
~мһŮ֪СＤ˹ȹҲһҽʱҰҼĵģɹˡ
֪СȺСǴȹĵЬĸûꡣ
һֱһʹѰˣСδ뿪
ϱӺСúСƶ·εӺ죬С̫ˡ
·ϣһ˺ü۳С
飬СﲻʲôҪ˵ģ
Ҫ˸˵Ժȹӣóɡ
·ܺÿҪڴϣһʶúñ
ȹϵ˸һ飬ûעʱ§סһѴԼߡ
ȻأСﲻĵ֪һʻ᲻˵ȹ̫ˣ׼һĻ
Ȼ󣿡һͷһ£ҿЩȹӵŮͷ
СͻȻ̲סЦ˳˵ķӦԴáķˡ
ȥģ
ȥǶ㡱

ĸһƳСйĸС
ĸáСЦúһ㲻ǣ֡
￴СǰһСѾͷ̫Ưˣر⡭⡭ȹҲ̫Щ
ﶢԼȹӿСܲˣæЦһӴ˼Ĺģĸÿ
ÿÿعҲôŰˣֻǳ˱򽻵·Щ²̫עû뵽仯ôҲüˡ
衱СϹˡ˵һԶǾʹһ
ｫĲ˽˹üıķȥšǳСشϱ
áС￴ͦŸӲ㣬æȥϢ
СϹзҼΣԺҽ
ۿⷽҼʱʱضԼϱȿһһ泯Լ㿴ʲôأ
ҼκǺЦ˼ûûʲô
һһʹٸԡ
ôһ󣬷ҼξԼҪˣ̲סһ
ôˡӳ̽ͷ￴˿Сӡ
ǽŲСߵˣû¶һЦЦ漴ȥæ˲ˡ
Էˡ￪ʼˡ
ӷĳССˡ
˵ǰǳҽйֵ֣ҼͻȻźһʡ
СʱһϴѧУԵ˴ӵĳҽû°ԱСëʲôġ
Ŷ~ҼЦҲй֣˳˲
Ҽ˵ǵ£Ȿ޹ءСǶŮԼŮһоӦģɺĸƽʱû»ȥźһʣһûѪԵϵСӣ
˲ǵӳǳҽⶼԱѡģѵ˵ԼȥЩΥ͵£Сһ̲ס
ӡԷ
ƫ̬ܵȣС΢ЩҲ⣬ԺһǺãԼŮǰһʿ϶ûôҪˡ
⡱һʸ˼鼦⣬˵ζܲ´θ
С࿴˿Сޣζӣܲζ
裬ղСһȹӡȻڶӻ˴ˣȹӿžͺƯϲ
ҿ̫ЩҼͻȻڡ
üؿŮôʲôûŮıܲ˼뻹Ȳһӡ
ôͶˣһʷ¿Ӳ˲죬ٷǳԲˡ
ЩʡҼΰοԼšôÿ·αشЩġ
ˣǲ˵¡Сһɫãæתƻ⡣
˵Ҳ˵ЩֻǡһʿСࡰСͱһҴСӿȻԸ˴·
һǣϱ׼뿪ˣ뿪ǰ̲סС˵һ룬ǸԼӡ


 49 

СͻȻЩϧǳ, Ϲǳ˵ʵģǽöкô
Ǻһʸոôֱ, ҪǼˡ
кһʺǽѰӳлԼ칫˾޶˲, ˣԺ¿ɾͲ˵ˡ
һ̲סšôô, ǮЩ
~Ϊ룬ŮԺҪȥƴô죿
ȥƴʲôϵһʲСΪʲô˵ЩڲسƴǽӳӿԼ, ֲǿϵ

԰, СȻԴԼһʵҵԺвһˡ
ô˵ءС￴˿ԽԽԽԽĺضӳ, ̲סп, ѵԼǱ
⻰Ҳ̫Щ
СЩϧ, еȫءСϲŮǣ˶Ĳ̡
ҲÿκرôСǿԭ򡣵Ȼ, ϲĻԼ, ˭ԼҲǸŮء
𣿡
ӦòᡱһԥеĿ϶ǵһβ, ôεǲġ
аɣҲܱ˵£ԼСССίҸոճŵʱӦðȹҪģϧˡ
ҸƯġ
سûС
ȥʡ򡱺һԼǮӦÿƯѡ
, ȥʡǿ鷳ˣǿҪƷƱ
رǳС￴һһȥʡ̽׵˼ң뵽Щ鷳£СҲȹˡ
Сģһ̲ס
С͵ƿĴ˿ãС·ûˡ
ǹϣ˿˾ͲˡС̲סš
һʺִ֪å±ץס˺ֵܴܿġ
һʱˡһίͰ͵ظͷ͡
ˣȥ¹ӣղŸûԱ
ã¹ȥ˸Ͻȥһ֣˼ҿҪš
Ӹ㿴һöǼңһ¾ɫһûмƯˡ
ֶҪƯرЩߡ
ˣС͵ûɫģлӽ¾ݸĥʱˣ㡱
⻰úرСˣǰ˵ӦҪ¾ˣɡ
лл´áر¾С
ڶһ磬رȥӳУߵ·ͣ˽ŲУ黹ȷ˵

磬ͷѾȡӳʸˡڰ峵ϰ̾
ߣ𻵹ûץǽȥ쵼ˡ󿴲ӣ͵ˣûб£Ҳ
һҲ̫ˡһžɱֽҿֽǰӳ£ùȽˣȷʵöԸ
˵ӰҪѵһɲҿЩ쵼ǺһʣҪԺְˣ᲻ǴСЬĵ
һ¸ƨһģӳԱľ黹ûǷḻ
ôȴЩ١ҾõӳԱûǰ;ۣҪ۸ȥ
ӳԱũһ߸ȥ֣ϸ⹤̫࣬𻵴󣬻ȥ͵͵⣬˵ǴһЩ˵׬һʡ
ʲôۣѵܵܡ⻹õ׿㶼ʣεġ
ԼһдһƬֻҪһǸĲĵС

8µ׵һ
ϣǹȥˣ̲ˣ˭֪ر̲˵ζͻȻܵˡ
뵽رϴζ¾ڵģ˲뵽ʲôˡ
Ӹӵ񣬺ر֪Լסˡ
ӣ㡱ϰ죬ʲôҲ˵
һƬհף֪رǱå۸˻ԼĸԸ˼˵¡
´ˣô֡
ԼԸġرԸ˵ҲӳйΡ
ôһ˵̲ס޳ҿô罻ҪҪˣ
˿Ĩģ޵ûˣ뵽˴¡㼸ˣ
һ¡
һ£ãá
ȰϽС顱
ڽ飬Ժӳ˵ˡ
û˵Ҳûףȴ粻ϵ̫ˣŪòûᱻ׽ȥ
ر˵ԼֻǸӣӳҲֻǸӣԼ˵ӳл̥
һ£㹤ô죿Ż£Ҫȥ˹϶ᱻ˿òУ̫̫ҪˡǿɵøϽҸɰڼ
ȥ˵ϱˡ
ôǣ
ͷβñڼչˡ
úرװڼﲻȥһᱻ˿쳣ҽһͿԲ鵽رСֿ֮£ʼװһҪúرٻǴǹڼչ
֣չ˾ǣѾͷϰࡱ
Ů˹Ůչʲôɣ֣ɿڡ
ӣԲ𡱺ر֪Լ鷳ˡ
˵ʲôԲҵĻϽĺӵ飡ĿڣҪˡ
9ѮһʺͳС׼ڳԽĵӰ
ԽԼܽӰ׼ؼҿ
ⲿӰ߳ȥ䡯ľǿǵһȺǰվɽһԱŵǳСд
Ϊʹһ˵ţͻȻһͿһ˺ͳС˵
ǰһһԼĺضӳС֪ڳԴס
ҪˣСڹ󷽶ţ֪ͻȻͲź˵ǵӴ
û㣬ôûƱԱˣӳԱ۰ƱԱҲȷӳԱǺͿ֪ΰСڳϴʱС˵ҲСݹһҩࡣ
СҲû뵽Ǵοʼ֪;ǡ
㣬Լüûˣ˻ôƤġ
žž𣬺һʼǰųСȥŪӳ׼ŵӰˡ
˭
֪࣬Խʮ㡱СﲻɵԼӵǼ֪࣬òúܣеôҪ
ȥѵһ̲ס붯ֵĳ嶯
𰡣ֻǺ˵ѣҪǴĲˣҡ
һ첲𵥶棬¡
һʵĵҲеʮΰȽϲһЩƫƧĵ·ϣ䵥ǶᱻåӸֻǱЩӸ١䵥ŮҲǾЩƦåᱡ۸߱ǿ˵ҲС
Ҳ79̨åԭ
İɣ㿴С첲Сȵģ򲻹ҡСһ˵һߴ˵ݣ콥ˣͻȻһֻ
һǰһ߶Ļһʱ׼񽲽ӰǵĹ
С豸Сӵҡ


һ

ضӳ~Сʼš
˸ջصҴ, ΧΧһСӡ
һ黨ÿһ׼áСվֳϴû
ˣСǷ׷״󺰡
, ȥ黨Сʳӽһӡ
4ǮһﳤҲֻзڲԡ
Щ̫Ƥˡһҡҡͷ
ӳ, ɻˣϽȥǼ￴ȥɡ
Сͺһʷ׷תͷ, š
ò˰ɣСᣬͷӰ꣬Ҫ, ᲻ҲΪԽԵʣ
Ӳ, ⶼҲûãҽҲϲʲôչѾûȥϹˡ
С΢, ˻žͺá
Ҵҵ˹ȥ, һʻǺǻŲ, Сȴ˲ͬرɫԺܲ
رͻȻ˳ȥ
ۿɫȻСȻ
Сסرͷ԰ȥ㻳ˣ
رһСѪɫȫޣŵģû㽫˵ȥ, ҪԼ֪˿϶ʧ
ӳеģСͻȻһҪ¡ӳûУ
һǰ˵ˡرΪɩӻһЩĻ, ûԼ, ΢Щ
ô˵
رӳЩʧŵˣǰټʱԶԶһۣǺˡ
ˣкرǼǻСӱŵܳ˹ѧرѧػ˼ҡȻҲ˹, Сӿ϶ܡ
ȥС˳ȥŵȵ÷ɿĳСЩײˡ
СѾͷֿʼֱײˣֵġ
μʯСһҲкһӵĶζӳ
ںͼԱȱĶμʯ˹ȥôɩӡ
ӳأȥתһȦûҵˣϹȥˣССʵ
ŶμʯЦСã˷Ļسˡ
ʲôСͻȻĴ쳹ѶμʯŵùǺ
ءسˡμʯôѵıЩ˵ˣСϲӳ֪Ʋضӳ
ôͰ˷Żسˣôףǲʲôô˵СЩˣ׵
μʯίءһǰ͵ݽˣԸǵĺͬģȻǰʱһûκ⣬Ҫǻȥٽҷ¡
رһǰ˵˻е£ӳ˵ϵݽ롭
һǸͬģ
˵Ҫӳлһж˵ˣر߿ɾ鷳ˣûͷ˹ϵǿǡ
80رѧؼʱö͵͵ǵڻ˺ӣҲʱһǶӳڶҪȻ֪ô
ˣָӵ»úһԼɣɩѾ御ˡ
ŵȥǼҵĳСｫһʺͺر˳ȥһؼң
صҵĺرµš·ҲҪ׵ģֻҪӳվ߾С
ر飬С֪ء
ӻˣȻ󡱳Сﰴס͵վĺһʡӳѾˣǰˡ
ֵر͵վˡ
OK꣬СϹϷžͳ
û͵ĳСŵȥ˸Ӽȥˡ
ʱæļڣոӴӣֻһ岻õԴûȥϹڼӻ
衱
GءԴ쿴˿ͷŮӰûš
ڼ¡С˼ܲ˿
Ƶܲ˿СĳԲ壬ɿζõúܡ
ŮҲϲȥԴȥôװ̳ܲ˿
ˡԴ쿴ӡﻹûӦ
˵һ춢˶ӸʲôСʵΡеûˣ
Ѿͷһǵ㡱Դ쿴⺢ƢҲͲ˵ˣѻ⳶ţСϡɩҲ֪ô£޹ü˶һ㶯ҲûС
Сﲻ˵кһʺǳȢϱ̽ʱ䣬ʱ´ţСкӵġ
Ӷû㶼֪ô˵ô˵ҡ˵ǸµġҺͷ̧Դ찦̾ʱʱŮһۡ
Сﲻһ¡˵ȥ£˸ʩѹ㲻ȥѹңȻÿңҿûô۸
ôǶʮһ͵ˣԸĸЩҰϷһС
ŮһѴԴʱò񻰣Ҳ֪ôŮ
а˶ǰŮˣĸĲҲͰˣڻ˼ǰ˵ЩбµСһЩġ
ºˣڳСǰԹεԴ췴СĲŪòٱŮ
ţܺãڰˣС￪ĵ׼
ġԴһԹãﻹϱԴ׼úѵѵ
С´ЦǺǵظϱﶼѼƣԼûҪĵס
ȡԴͻȻһ̲С˺ӡ
ţСһҲϰ̵ƸԼԡ
ţСֱˬƽҲŵһ¡ֻϣΪһֱûЩˡ
׼µĳСֻͷרĳķ
ˣԴȥۼֿؼͷԸСʹɫ
ۿְͷ˹СҲΡʵϲͷĳϲͷԸСʳԣǻСء
лл֡Сֶ֪ԼŮ۰ҲͰĽˡ
ˣŮɩдҩӡԴֺǺǵظţСҨŨȵ㣬á
ţСҲܻ£ڰǰţСл֮ºҩ
裬ҺҩˣٸһţСڶҩӰ̫Ѻˡ
Դˡؿ϶һŮ֪ģҽ϶ܰκá
ҾܲζţСеִ
´֪ôֻεЦš裬¼ġ
ôͲˣԴҪһΪá
ˣԷҲҲżӵ£˵
С극׼ȥˣȥǰһٱûһ⣿
˷׷׻ͷ
㿴ҶûҴɩҲûǾûǳ¼Լ˵⣿СָָԼ硰Ŵɩҽҩôȥ϶ͽˡ
¼Ҹĸ׻Ƶ̱ϲ˵




СĵػȥʱѾú͵ˡ
Լŵҩζ, Сܹȥһһڰҩ
ˣ
һʲ𻰣ʱĻ
, Сˣкرܻؼʱһʵ˶̥ҩúرˡ
ڿ, ðĿ϶Ƕ̥ҩ
Ҫ̥ġСܹȥԺĴţͷͺһС˵š
һʻͷ˵
ÿζ, ˾Ͳ˵
ˣôȥҽԺҩԼǳŴ͸ӿЩҩ
ʲô̥̥ģСҩûʲô, Ƕ̥ôҪ, СﻹǾӦȥҽԺ
ôȥҽԺһڿˣ˵Ļȴô
԰СЩ, ʱеʱҪزص, ҪǺرȥҽԺ֪ʲô³Ҫ˵ǿˣڱϡ
, ԣСͻȻʶԼһʸƫˡڲô̥⣬Ǻر⡣
С￴մŵӷ䣬϶ԸѺӴ, 뷨
, ðѺӴ
Сŷ̫ˡ˵ӵ, ֻ˵ȫ⡣ҩ˺󣬸㲻ҪΪ¶ˣ
һӽҲʧȥжεСϷ
Ȼͷ, СܳȥԺӴš壬
ߣǽȥһӣøۡ
ӣǻѾرеˡ
ӵ˭ϽװżٴЩˣɾͲðˡ
ӵѾˡСС졣
ʲô
ӵӳǸ֪࣬ǰѾ˸ˡ
ֻرԴֱ顣
СӣӴһޣ漴ԼˡôôͿô˸ء
㻹˵Ҫ£˸ˡۣȻôСӸˣԼƤӵˡ
˵˵񵽵ô뷨źһʡ
̥һʷֱ̾
Ҳ̥رͻȻһֱŵķų˳
һֱĬĺһͻȻֱˤһѵӣҪȥ˦رһƣСȡžһϡ
㣬㡱ָͷֱ£˷ˣСﾹҴˣ
ҡС۵ۿˡҲǹġ
źһʲҪ嶯СԼ嶯ˡ
ЩֵͷۣϸԺĴţְݵĴŸˡӰ⺢ӲôͣŮϵǺܴ¶Һɶס
ϹһԴɵӣϣ˺һϣԲر¡
СﲻСĴ˺һһƺ󣬾źһʵֲš
ĬõĺһԴС˵ȥոˮǵ衱
С˳Լ˸ϴˮ
ϴȺ˻һţһֱվŴǷĳСֻóԵܲ˿
ȥ˯ɡһųСš
СմϼĴ˯˸þŵӰЩӣĴеĴڡ
ڶһ磬Сͷ˸Źǵķˡ
һСƤһԼܲ˿ƺһҲûˣŪ¡
Сŷͼˡ

÷ء´һСĻˣһϷȥû˯ŵĳ´͵͵عҺһʡȥҽԺ費ã˵ˡ
ŶСû˼Щ֥С¶
Ŷʲôѽ㡱´ѡ÷򿴿ҵ⣬ҿҩԵҩ
ƲУһΪ˺رе½ͷҶ´Ҫһƻе¶Ǵһ˿
šˣ˵ȺӡУ˯𣬶Ҫ̺ȾƲҪˮСϹȹٿûЧ
УС´ͳëǮǸ÷
СЦǺǵؽӹǮ
´һߣرӷˡ
ɩӡرƵżϺͳС졣
ôˣСｫëǮ㶵СҲ⡣
Ƕ˵ҴҲԸ⡱رͷƵ
еĴСˡǸҪǲܣûôˡ
ڶӲ£ãº˺˵֪
ɩ⻰ʹ˺رģôʡ
㲻ӡҪΧҸ˽ˡС⡣
ⲻƭرҲ£Ҳ޸һϲˡ
ҲǹСЩΣҲ벻ʲôõİ취ˡ
߹ô족Сºرһֱȥᱻɡ
ȥˣ׼ҽڴ⹤
Ҳû취İ취ˡ
һʻʱɫܳôõĹȸˣˡ
ţһҲôˣȥҸľƬҪˡ
ȱ𼱣Ҹ뵽һ취СڳסȥӳУ㿴ô
ӳзǵĹصǺͶμʯǶ֪ģҵСӰѺףҪȻ͸úرһ˳еʧ
͵ӰƬǱ˼ٵĺһʴϱȥʡǣִʡһ·سǸϡ
Сﲻһôţȫˡ
ȳԸˣ˶ԴĴͳʳ
˿ڲ࣬϶ǳ̽׵ġ
˺ܺ̽׵ĴԴʳźһףࡣ
СλԱͷŵůˮˮš
֪Ķһ󻨲ζСζʹҹ
һʺͳСΪʱ䣬ûдʳֻǴһЩˢϴëȱرƷ
Ʒװŵķ˹СԼǷݣźƬ˿
ţͦóԵġСٿһʵģǼƬϡ
ǴھΰСһ˿
漸ŵŮǷ׷׿˹СϾֽ͡ҺǷޣᰡ
ǼüСޣǷҲӦڹЩûˮ׼¡
һϱԷǡ
ô˫۾ſţҲʲôܵľٶˡ
ƨɵµλľͷСﵽ˰ҹͿʼƨѵۣľͷ治ġ
ôŶĳСɴվ
ôû˯ССһֱ۵ĺһʡ
˯š˼ԼǲǽˣҪȻôôʡġ
аɣãҳȥۡСŤŤȥмӴ׼һ¡
ĲʮһԺô㣬СֻЩ
˼á׼سĳСͻȻ˼һߣƯķ۳ڱһӡ
ԲԲȺ˲ͣǸ
û¡
Сƿ߽˳ûֱһгԱס
ҿˣҸ족гԱЯ߰óҪ͵ظС졣
֪ʱ飬ĵ̶ȣСЩ˼ˡ
ˣ̫鷳ˡ
鷳ǵְгԱѾѳСﰴס·
ǰʲôССֻܿһԵ˵
ҩ߰ʲôСгԱЦ˿ͷǺܸ˵£ҲΪʲô
ðɣôһԱȣС￪ʼ˼ԼƱԱʱǲ̫ˡ
ˣСͻȻгԱϴһָϲϲ
˵гԱСôһ˵ϺܲȻ
СˣԼǻҸ
Ҫǽ˹òã˾ǡСﰲοԼйǮʲô
ҺӲһ겻ôáгԱС˵
⻰ͨڲҸļͥ󣬶ԺӸáСô
Ҹ㿴ţţƬ·гԱԼӵƬ
һһŮŸӤӤСࡣ
ӺܿɰС
Щһֱĳ˺гԱгԱ׼뿪
лл˵ЩҲͨࡱгԱĵغ֡ҽ
ҽгССĿ뿪
תԼȥĳСܿԼʶһС㡣


С͵ػعͷŮ˵ıӰ
иӣ޸˺һʣǰгԱ
ⶼԭȻڲŷӦ


 52 

ʶһеžϵгԱ, Сζӳ¡
ʲôءһΪȵ˯ţȷ硣
ƫͷϣСǰϹ̫ԼһֱſϴѧǸһ, ŵһеžͰóȥ
ڡС̧ͷֿΧѾ˯ŵˡͻȻһֻŰĳС͵شȥ˺һ, ȺһʻûӦʱƿˡ
ҧҧζĳСͻȻҲûеӾݵô𣬳ɸƻ֪ķ, Ҳûʲôġ

˼ضӳΪʲôô̵ĳСͻȻͱ˿ס߿
һϴסĺһʸ֪ô죬ֻƾҧֱС촽ҧƤѪ, ֪ĺһʱСʹߵ˵ϡ
顯һ, ҹ˯ŵ˷˷е˯˱ŪѺٿڵϸ, һһۡ
һѽ𳵴ԼԴƿ, , Сմˮ˲ϵĴ֪
ԲĺһʿǵѪ˿СǸҲǹġ
˵ǵǸϵЦȴǵס, ôóСﻹǵһ졣
ȷʵúú, ûĸǼôġСС
ļѵĺһʸû˼С˵ʲô, һڸ档ϱ׵˵ϲ˲죬ô϶ǴСϱϲ¡
һ⡱Сһɾ˲조ϲҲ
ϲһʲ˼͵صͷ
ҲϲСЦոճԴ׵һͷԼȷʵϲˡ
ţ֪һ̲סƫͷȥ͵Ц
֪СλϾͷԴתһ, ġ
СϱһҪģһҲôô죬æΣ˵һش
˵СͻȻЩѹһŮעţѾȢˣҪô
Ϊʲôһʱϱ⻰Ūˣ֮󲻽ʵѾȢ˰
԰Ȣңһע˸ô죿
һʱʵˣԺһ漴˵Ǿ˵һ˲ҵע
ԡ㲻Ϊ飿СЩš
ȻϱΪʲôô˵Ǽôѹһһ§סǲ飬ء
СƳԼߣСһظÿλԵůˮˮ
һʼôҲŤͷ󿴣ȴСһסԴϿġͷ˯ʲô
סԴõĺһʣ
Դ棬һֻܿµķ羰
ûһʾͿһŲɫЬгԱˣ漴ԵظоϱԼϵֽŵЩ
ллﲻҪˮСЩھεؿ
òԶıӰСкܲζܾԼ˱˵Ҹ
ϲ˺һʣڲˡ
һϲϸոˣ
ϱһ֣һֱԼӣСϱ̫ˡ
͵͵ˣСŵͻȻͶԷĵӦ
һԩؾ֡ҡ
˵û꣡賿һ˴㣬ǲ˯һҪ˯˵ܲе㹫ģʲô鰡ϲһϲűвûеûеµصѾˣôȥ˯ھȥٱ粻ҸŮϵ
һСͻȻбλվߵǰá
ͬáͷǸĺһųСϽ˯
صλϵС˸ĨӡĶŻǡ
һʱڻĳС￴С첲Сȵ͵͵ںһʶС˵һָͷܶԸ
ĺһʵϱ˯ԼҲλ׼Ϣˡ
Ҫ»ˣһСͻȻܹȥ˶ԷԼϵʽдŸң˵ҿ԰ء
ˣԶŵĺһʵһοԷݣгԱȷʵǺԼʲôϵأɻСϱΪʲôôԼ˼Ҹˡ
ι㿴ʲôĳСһϡ
ءһʾúЦؽӹӡƢĪ
ͣسһҽԺҵһɨصĴүӳе¶
үǰǲְһӳеСӣͷ߸ߵ˧˧ģ˵Ǻӻ
ǴүûǣСЦҰӳǰڵӵĶӳ˳
ô˵үЦ˻һԱߵĻ̳ߣµ¡
ˣҪʹȺȥˡү˵ûꡣ
ӳУмСӸûֵ˼ǣЩСӣûþ͵Żسǣǲá
ǣǲǵ۶ǰˡ
ô족Сﵣĵؿźһʡ
5ˣȥҸдסһһҲ֪Ǹüֱܻӻ硣
ȥίдֻһϰ嶢ˣСεس˵Ľ֤ޣǷޣ
Ŷ׼ϱϰˣӻֱ֡һ䡱
úһȥͣСͻȻʲôҲ͵͵ȥˡ
ϰ壬ܴ绰Ҫһġ
ʾ־ǵλе绰
ԱǸվλе绰ҪǮϰͷҲ̧ػص
վڹҵģλӵһܻ
λɨصĴСģЦɣǮ
ȷʵǮ̫Ѵˣ˹ʮӲнԱӦ
ãҪͨǴѧУ칫ҡ
ת̨һһתӣСȵûлˣǱڽӵУ칫ңźŻرá
УӳӵԱӸɵĺӦѾ֪ˣھһҪϣܸ㣬ȢӡСúϻ绰һֱͨ˵Լ
֪Ǳ˵ʲôСһֻʹŵ桰ŲҸǿ*
Ǳֲ֪˵ʲôСֱӹҶ˵绰
˵绰ʹŵĳСûһֺˣԼߴƣӦ÷ġ
ţС绰׼ţκ˼˵һҪ̬Ⱥõ㡣
ꡯһԱͻȻһֱֻӽ绰Ҷϡˣȥɡ
ͻȻֵĺһʣС˵ͷͷˡ
Ҫô֪Էڸô죿Сܾᡣ
Ϊ֪ݣ֪ӳеݣһҸ
صд˳ʰ
ͻȥ˯һͻȻڡ
ϼңСɻ󡰲ӳˣ
ˡһҡͷѺɣСЩ͵͵Ҳɡ


 53 

, ɩӡ
ò׵ȵؼҵĸɩرͷ˿Ҳûбˡ
, ̸̸
һʺȥ˷̸СԼ·, 涼Щ޻֪ʶ׼úÿ, ԺӳҲа취޺á
һջһ߷ĳСﲻ֪ͿˣֱһʿʼвŻعû°ɣ
û¶һʿЩᡰҪԱƬĻг˿ģ
ҪƬģֱӷƬС
С˵, ǳСԿ, 㳴˾Ѿζɿڵĳ̶ˡ
극費Ҫϴ룿СЦ극ϴ
ɲˤġһûÿϴ붼ˤ룬Ҳ֪
СεЦ˵, ¡
, ϴһ֪ˤ롢ϴְŪ¡
뵽һʵ̲ס˵ˡ˵㶼ѧĻϰߡ
ʦͨһ㡣
Сȥϴ̻ʼꡰⶼǿЩѧ, ǲ˾͹ѷʳһǲӾ͹ѺӸˤšȻˣҲˤӣûôȱ¡
õĲѧרѧĿɲɡһҲôȥ, ϱӲױ۸, ͦõġ
ҵĶ, 쿪šҹźر˯ĻͻȻʹźһʵš
ˣˤһӣȥֱôѪô족
ҹѵĳСŻæǰæ󣬴Ҵ
費ҪҽԺСﵣȫ
æšȥҽԺ֪Ҫ
۲Ѫ״̬ĺһʿʼҩץҩɸѡʲô
ȥҩһʼڷʱʱ
СпЩеӹ, ƽʱĺһû뵽ҲôӴ
ȥҽԺôУҪǴѪ˿ɲǺģʱö
γСԼһⵣĳ˶Ļ
ˣЩԼҲȰ
һĳСεظǿҩ
ڶ磬ȶĺرѾ˯ȥˡ
һʷżҩӣмζҩѾʪùá
СʱһѾڼˣ֪ȥˡʣµĻ˷˸ڹͷ
ȥϢɣСһ뷹Լš
úչţһ⺢˵ҪʹѪиҪˣ
ûã˯ȵĺرҲˡ
Сæȥ˲ˣ⡢⡢Ѽ⻹㡢Ǹߵ׵Ĳʳһ⽻ġ
ݵرУС˺ܶ໰ȰܲԷⶼææķˣ˵賿ĵȥμʯζӳǱġ
СЩû˵꣬ͼرԵñ˭㣬ںڿ㡣

С
ԵþˣСʳԼɻ˵ҹȥҨˮȣȻСˤˣ
šرָָ롰ɩӣٸʢɡ
ʢһò˵Ĺ࣬С̲ס˵ԼĲ²⡰ǹˤİɡ
ر̧ͷһۣ˵
Ϊʲô綼Ӧ԰Ѻˣʲô㶵šС֪رϲӳϲ⺢ӵġ
Ҳϲˣ⺢Ҳϲ
رóСЩڡУôãҪ
СĹӵĳСﲻգۣ¡
Ҫ͵͵ȥҽԺһ£Σյġ
ô಻ȥҽԺģûô󡱺رں
Σղ˵ҪǸȾܵġСۣЩôҲȥ
һʻʱ֪ŪһҩģӺ˼ҩ
󣬺رû˳Ѫ֢״
磬ɩӣȥɣӹءرһƵģȳСﻹǿơ
ǵС˵Ц˼죬Ҳ᲻뿪
ĶѾˣҲﲻʲôǷİɣʲôõһȥҽԺġ
İɣѾߣǶƻ岻ãر˹רӡ

֮ǰٵʱξ˵кҪ֪ͨǡСڴҲ֪ǲҪ豸
һʵͷ˵
С۵֣ʱ̫࣬ҲûյĻԽԽĬˡ
Ҳ֪ǵصǳеĻСسǾôһСƬ滹иƬЩȥⷢȡ
˵˺һ֮ͨ˵ص㡰ʡǵӰƬȱ˲ţҪѡȥúۺϸʵ£󻢡һʻСʡ
ģͼʶһ׵壬ѧʶͶԼܵճ̶ȣԳСѡ
ҲǼ쵼ǹԺ
ΪԼεĳСＤصźضӳס
ȣһκ޲üëӳ
ҺúøɣسƬΰѵ⡰رޣ֪СӼѳֲסҲҪзִ磬ͷˣ֪
֪˷׷״ŲȴևNɪЦݡ
Сû뵽Լôˣ¸21ŸýǱǻָ߿ϢСڲںˡ
ѧҲǹݣ˸õ·ӡֻҪ·ΣԺƬǸɲݣѧͲǱˡ
ţС׼һ٣ǰŶѧǮ׼ͨͨǮȥ
ܵЩõͬ³ԶٷǰƬʲôûٰǡСﱾ뼸γԷ뵽϶Ӧ
ãţȥʲôʱʱ䡱һЩЦ⡣
СһһߣͻȻð˳
С﷭˷۲ˡ
֪޶ѡˡļʿƷˡ
ѡ˲쵼һϿˣ˽ͶƱҲϿˡ
ɺ޵ǣֵܷӳӵǡþڵġ
سһٶӳԱ룬СǺһʲȥѡӦǡ
֪ʲô¡ͻȻ
ʲô˼
ȥ˼ζҩҩķӿ硱Ц˵ǰڹ繤ͻȻʹ˹ڼϢ
ⷬвζʮ
ȥٱ֪һܱܲס
Сͷˡ
øң˵λ쵼֮ԥֻΪĻ̶ȱҸߣƫ㡱󲻷
СĬˣ̫̼ˣһϲһ󱯡
ҪǲԸ⣬Ҿȥٱ˵ĻûˣҲֵҡʵҺͺһӲûֱȥٱҲΪҰֵ̫úá
ȥٱһʻûˣȥٱС͵ðø
һԼ˽ĳСԥˣڻûԼϲ˺һʣǾԲԥġ
ֻǣһĻ̶ȲУѧҲûʸȥʡƬͷصΨһˡ
ԼѵĻᣬԺܿѧ顣
õλỹȥٱǸô죿СͻȻ뵽˹ؼԵ⡣
֤ݡ󽫺һȥĽ֤ġҲ֪ΪˣȻ˵㣬Ҳԭġ
Ż~С⻰޲һ߷
롱СﲻȷҪԼǰ;ȥġٸ𸴡
ȻҲˣŮ˴ΪԲҪû뵽Сô˽


 54 

سＸϵõķӳԱһ˶ٷ, һʴųСؼʽ׼ȥʡƬ£ǻûعǸдš
յվ˰೵һʸ˳ѸƱԱ
ζ̫ˡСűӿںһϡ
ǰƱԱʱû˸ٵ, ﾭͨҲá
˼ҰǰѴɢɢζƱԱЩĳ˿͸ޡ
ڼʻλϻûļʻԱ粻мһۺͷûµĺһʺͳС
óСǸʧ, Ů˻ǹвԺͼŮˡ
һʣúõӳ, ĴܣʲôӳԱʲôϢϼҲ˶ʮӳԱ, һĲʹ, ڼҲûǮβ
ЩӳԱ˶ʮԾǷӳԱģһٸҲһ
ɹںնԱЩɣĺһ, ʻԱһ⡣һСյӳʱ, Ҳˡ

һ, ϲǸ뿪ôֻҩţһͻȻΪƬˡ
һϲ¡һʺͻϲ, СȥˮԴһͰˮ׼
˺~úһûע, ˮĳСڴ챻ֱ
, ~ûûյӦˮ衣
ϧһϲ˵ˮϴ費òôȷ˵ĳСɹܲôࡣ
·ˮͰȥĳСͼһЦЦؽԼͷɨһ顣
͵͵þˮϴǰɡһͻȻǰšѵ
⾮ˮĺͱˮûһʱˮûš
ⲻ̫𡱳СﱧԹ
μʯС˵ڼӦͨϵ硱
ģСһ˾Ҫ̨ȡ
ą̃ÿ㴵һʸͷʱ򻹲
ҪҪˡС, ÿζҧ䣬µӡǶˡ
ǻϲϲ£ôͲҪˡһ̫ˡ
ԱƮĺرŹʵļˣһǲ֪÷ŶΡ
ϷֿεֱͷӸ鲻˳ںرǰپò̫á
ȥһȥɺ̿ļˣ´򵰵С
ƯŹĳС￴Ź۵ļ;úóԡôûŴл
ӣĶŵС
һʾӳԴ̼Եʳ
һҪŵǸ̫óˡСȥּ̳һܲ˿̫óԣԸоԼˡ
˺ãСӡͻȻĻųСЦŵġЩݺƵŮ˶á
һʱΣΪСӻ
ͱͷϾͳòˡһʢüһָ״Сȥ׺
㣡СϱӴûмˣһγԵʱó뷹Űݡ
׺ܷ̳﷢ͣȳԵʱֱóȿԳŵʳԣֿԺЩСɺر·
ݲµ˵ĳҲûûȤһ۳Сͳȥˡ
ϰģʱӦûеıˣӦ˵ĳСȴһֱû
ϰһֱСǲ⣬һ룬һʾǳŴ򣬳СôӦǡ
ж̫︣ˡرĲ֪뷨ֻɩã˻ǲҪֵúá
ûлɹʮˣһ㶯ûУ϶Ⱑĵ
͵׺ĳСؿźһʡ
˵ԼѾˣǾͲӦţҲҲˡ
Ҫ˵һ¡Сﱧźѵ̬
еһ˿ͲôٱһܣԼȥӰƬѵ
еĻԸȥԿǿҪҪ󽻻Ǹ
šڳȵЩĺһľ̫ˡ
ʵҡСƲ조˺ӡ
ȼŵĲҽĺһ£漴̣۶ϵһͷȫҽһǲ̾Ϩ˻
СͻȻԼôһֱƭһ˿˿ھΣĲ⣬Ϻһԡ
10ˣһֱûϵѾϰˣҲûҪһֱš
û´һÿӺһ¹СУ뿴û 
ʲôСŲ֪Լ¡
һֱϺԲҾͲµˡһüƺ߳Сܴ
СһʼԲ˵ʲôϲ˲ſһףһŵġ
˳޷ӳӣǼ¼һԸо˳СİĽ
ɼʹСϲÿһ̽Ե·С;ܾ̬úһʲò⡣
ţһʾͲµϣ϶ΪºԼԲ
С
Ի·棬ΪܴĺһʣСúܡ
ǰϺͺһʷϵΪʱ·ȷԼ˻ûϵΪ̫ˣϸκ˽Ӵ
żһ³СﶼȵûţȵԼҵˮ
Ϊ̫Ծܾ㡱С֣غ
һЦһ˵ģΪ̫˲Բ̫Цˡ
ǣΪǵ̬ȸŪرջ𣬳СﶼԼںˣֻһǿ̫ˣҸҡ
ԽԽ궯һͻȻ˵㲻ҪĻ
ޣС챻ԸԴ˸϶ֶŵԭ򣿡
˵ĶʵһЦˣ˲˳ȥԷˡ
ţСͻȻӦԼˡҺ˵£Ӧ¡
㲻£֪һʻǼǸ뷨ΪСΪڲŲԲġ
ˣҸ㣬ͿģٱŰ㣬㣡СһһӼͷҲصˡ
֪ΪʲôĺһľͷƵĶŲӸͷʲô
ֱĺضӳղ˵ġ궯һξⱲ˵ֵĻˣڳСﻰеǱ̨ʣĲ
ܲС
Ȳټˣĸ˳Եθڴ󿪡
粻ȥˡرжԼĺø硣
Ҫȥ׬ǮǺõġ̲ס̾һӺڼ³¡
Ҳʱͺرסһ֪С޽ûûôô
ͳСҽ׻ģźһôܸһ˲ţӦ乫˶
û뵽Ȣһڽˡ
ôıȥϴ˲ʣܲһò绨һִĥңԲԡСһЩҭӡ


 55 

Աߵ˯, Сȴֱͦͦ۾ᡣ
ҪҪΪ˺һʰȥʡøء
ֻ˵ԺȥƬǿϴѧԼı·
ĺһһŷϱѾڴԺɹ·ĸˮͰһԴˮ
ŮɫôôԴС˵, Ҳ
ʲô
ӰԴɵװɵҲҺôһ嶼, Ӷ
㲻õߵ£Ѿ˵, ˡСϸĴȹϵޡ
ʲôԴŵñⵣˡѾͷ㣬˵ģȥҽԺ࿴ҽС, ˺Ҫô죿
ڸ, 롱СҲұ֤Ժô
Ժأ㵽ʮˣ϶һġԴԹŮûһơ
Ҫ˾£鲻˵ȻҪ롱Сν
Ѿͷ, ʱɨسʲôҲû, ôб, ǶӳǷӳӵģġ
СˮһͰˮϴԼûȹӡ裬ʮ˿϶һдҵĳɹŮԣ벻ûӰ족
ʱǮĵŮȥҼС, ~, 뵽, СﻹЩˮ
㣬ԴȰҵҲöЩû˵ǲСǺúóﻮ, ʱװȻȥ͵͵һƭá˺ҲЩ
裬ҽѾþˡСʵȥЩ
衱һͻȻſڲ˽˾ôϱƢһͱ˵裬ˮҸȥ
·ϣͰˮĺһʣĽؿŴںͷԴ졣
ߡԴ߸ߵذԴںһʺͷÿŮĸֻķݣļŮôˣ
ߡԴϽóɾëŮ
裬ҲˣûȥǷˡ
żææҸϵĺһʣԴ۵øԼƵġϰ㿴Ů治񻰣ЩС»һ⺢
С⺢ƢԽԽˡο֮Щͷͼ˵Ů˵ϴ·ҲֻϴԼģô£
Уúú˵˵Դ˵ŮǲŮȻûӦ
ܡǾȵĸеĲкɻһΪǵصͷѹ֡
ѹʲô
ѹŮôãҹҲ⣬ʲô˵ë̾
ĸвмĺһ㳴˾׼ü֤ȥǩָ¡
ָϵİ೵
ضӳʻԱĴָǰӳǷӳӶӳضӳţ
һʵͷ˵
ѡ·
ôôNɪС˳ںһ²
Щ˵˷ʱ䡱һЦϱĶԺҪȥʡˣЩ˼ƽϡ
Ŷ
سǵƬС͵ſڵȥϰɣҶֶˣ㶫ԣٽȥ㡱
ǵôȺһһߣ˹
ҵ롱СｻԼϣѾȥʡƬˡ
һϣСҲƬڵĹԼһϲȥѧҲ޷ϱӺôǸŮҵ·ҲϤúܡ
󽫺һȥҩĵ֤ݽ˳Сϡ
˷׷˺ϵֽš
ھȥ˵ȥˣҲȥɲһѡϡ
ЦʮևNɪܣûҲô
ȥʡҪúǱ쵼ָӡ
Сﵽʱκͺһʴǽʲô
κá
ءοֱࡣʱˣһû緹
ΣҲȥˡ
СͻȻһڼ˶ˡ
˵ʲôһʳ첲ϡ
룬ǮԺҪ⡱
һ֪ϱǮǲ֪ôӡԺ⣬ƬҲ﹤ʻԣҲܶЩԺֻкô
ұ֪ôС첻㿴ֳڲ֪͵͵ɶﾹȻˮˣǮˡ
ۺûͻȻһӳҵȥ緹˾ٸңú룬
رڼҺͻӲëߣͼɩؽݡ
ôˣųС϶ʲôõ¡
˵ȥʡˣеľͷ𡱳Сһƨڵϣرϵë߲档
ȥʡˣЩˡϰ³СﱾԽԽºһԺ󽵷ϱСﲻȥʡǣʮ⡣
һţ⺢ҲǵģСﻹСڼͺˣαͷۡæȰӡѾȹˣȥԷ
һʵһǱСﲻΪԼǰ;ˣڶΪС˵ֳϵ¶Դˣ˾ǲþ
Լ˴ǰ;Ժڵġһʢһ뷹һҲ˲Сԡ
˻Сһֻʣһ˺ͼ鶹ˡͲܰ㣿
һʶһ뷹һȥԼҲˡ

ˣ
ȥ㳴Щ⡱ȥ⡣
ллСЩʧⲻóԣϲԻ⣬ϱھƵԵĴͻóԡ
ɩӣôõĻˣôôͿءرҲÿϧҵΪ⻳е°ѹĹˣһڡ
СźڣΪ˺һʷȥʡǽ޵Ļᣬеһⶼԣ
ҲȥʡˣӳӵĹҲˡС̾ȻȥʡѵҪר׼Ե¡
ɩӡμʯһšˣ˺ܶ㣬һ
ԱǶͬ⣿С￴˿㣬ɷˡ
Ҷϲش磬شӳʱûչ˴ˣһʲôμʯ˼˺رһۡ
Сﾪȵ˵μʯϲر
ллζӳˣȥˮͰرȥԺˮͰˮ׼װ㡣
СͻȻĵıʷıеʷ
кرǼŻУһҲû͵͵ӳкͺر˺ͺһ
ʲô
СͻȻӳеⱲӿ׷ŮرˣԺͶμʯ˵˵ЦЦĺر˻ͦġ


 56 

սĳСͼѾõһ
ɩ, ҸҪȥʡˡرС˵¡
˵Ҳ˵СŲͷ
װʳ, ȻҺʹ˵û緹һ۾ͻͷǸġر⡣
ҾʳóСʢһŷԼȥͷˣпӡ
˼ˬ˿, С￪ʼ˹س跹
رڶɩӳԷɩӣԷĺܺÿ, ͱ˲ͬôݵĻǸʲôţ, , ʡ
Сͷ˵Ѿ˺ܶˣÿػ·, Լŵȥ
ںͺһս, ԳС극Լϴ롣
ˮϴɾĳСͼһŵˡ
һΪ㲻ϴ, ⲻϴͦɾġ
һͺţΪһſھǴЩζĻ
ⵥҵĲҵĶ, ųȥСﱻ˿ʼ
㡱
ߡ
˼û˵, һһӻ/ҩζ
Ϻһʿʼ׼ҪĶ, תͷЩú͵Ƶĵƹ£ϵϱԼڿα顣
һʵôĵƹ¿۾Ϊú˵棬ӿ, ۾Ҳʲô
ⶼСѧеĿαһʲϱΪʲôЩ顣
žһϣСﱻû鿴ˡ¾Ҫˣ϶øϰϰеľȻô̫ûˡ
ʰö㼸Σһʹú͵׼˯
顯һСߵϵĺһԺػûӦʲô
˯СƲ㡱
ֳ㵹ƵǰɡһҲˡ
ʲôֹؼֳʲô£
Сֱһˤ˹ȥ˼ֱǲ
~һ죬˯ŵĺرˤŵˡ
ˣʱرȥˮϴϴͷɩšӡУ˽һγܣ
̫ȡ֡СͷеĽ˾ܹǣҪȻΪҺ۸
ˡһһ׼ˣҲûϱк
СͻȻͺۿȥ
Σرȥ˳
ʲôԵģҴʡǻ˸һ߳Ժӣ̲סͷšëϱʵ
Ҫȥʡ£Ϊز̫㣬һ׼ѵڽٻ
ҪԺóԵġСתͷźһЦҲһƢôˡ
һҲ̲סЦˣǰȥô֪ЩóԵģ˵
ֲ֪ʡʲôóԵģԼ¡Сͷϵ࣬ÿαһСĿڶͷˡ첻Ӧøȥ˯ġ
żͷϵ࣬СЦˣһ
ʲô
С΢΢ԴҰԼ͸㰡~
ôԼ͸ңЩɻĺһûˡǡǡ˼
ǡǡ˼СѧͷȡЦ

ͻȻһĺһʱСҡһεת
в㣬컯ôţܲеġС￴·ԱǺ￴ܲ˼ĺ
ҡһʷſԺ˫§ʵαԺأҲʱ䣬Ҫ
ۿ˴Լϲ䣬Сšϵİ೵Ͳ׼ʱ㻹ҹ
ƳԺӵĺһʻں޵ˣҲ֪ڻں޸ʲô
ϱϾͻģҰûԶĺһͻȻͷţ·ԱǶЦˡ
һֱԺſڿԶĳСػӻ֡
1021Ǳý׷ױŻָ߿Ϣ
ʮһ㣬ýҲڹĹ㲥վʼйظ߿ȫϢ
ɻ˷׷ױ㲥
127/8/9ſԣɶ1021ˣûð뿼ԵżòС
رЩ֪ǣ׷µɻĳͷȥǱ㲥ȥˣǱһ㡣
ЩСӣ鳤ЩֱšôסҲϣСҿǵĹ֣
С鳤һۣûԾˣҲ̫˵ˡ
ǵ˵⹫һֻ5˿ϣ˺رˣ༸ϵĶ֪ǡ
ԭû¼ȡΪʱ޸ֳϺΧżͥתܺúö飬ټֻˣֳĸӶҪԭú̥ܶ¡
ҪȻԭѧУĴ̶ȣ϶ǿԿϵġ
ɩӣԵصڹ޵ǸСѧ8ԶرϢϽ֪ͨС
666768춼Աпʸ񡱺ر˵ЩпҪûΣӦúһΪ˿Զˡ
Ҳ֪Ϣ޵˺ѷΣԭҲȥμӿԵģԺ˵ԣ󶼹ˡ
ţԲμӿԵġСǵ£ָ߿һ걾ֻкرһˣǵڶ¿ʱ򣬹ԭŮͬѧǶˡ
ֳ϶Ǽֳڸң˵ֳϸûȥ￴رԥؿ˼۳СɩӣȰӻȥżֳϣҲ㺦㡱
ûϵҲûõҲвӻ飬Լ뷨ˡ
Сﲻԭ޸һʾͻʲôĲͬԸˣԭʹ޸˺һʣҲΪԼºͺһַ
ԭҪͼֳֳһϱźϱͼֳһңһ̬ԼϹϱ
ԭҪͺһ¸һʽܸϱһʵԸͽԭɨسˣ˸á
ҪȥȥҪǸӹμʯš
СָָԼأҲӼ£ζӳҲ̫ƫ˰
⻰һ˵μʯСͷ۾֪ķš
ɩӣ˵ʲôءرɩһš
Щ֪ʲô飬ǾҪһסСЩѧǵ۹⡣
ϡμʯˡ
ʵش𰡡С֪̾ô˵ϲμʯ
رɫ̫ãػ
ҪǲϲͱϵرãǰұۣҪҲⲻȥСﰲοҪϲǾͺúôţţ
رͷ˵С²ǷŲӳС
Ҳ֪μʯͦõġֺӳУŲ
СԱӳкͶμʯô˵أӳкôͼû˵һμʯȷʵȲ
μʯͺһʵе񣬶ľ쵼Ǻõƽ̨ܷⷢȵ֡
ȻˣСöμʯ϶ǱȲԼҺضӳġ
ҪٵȵȣԺϴѧȥ﹤μʯҪһС϶Ҳǲʺġ
ţһúÿǵġرͷԼڲϲμʯȷʵǲӦõ


 57 

Ƿ, ǶӳǶЩҪȥμӿԵˣǱˮҪǼ֪ȥ, ԼԴϴүȥɻ
μʯ찲ȥԶˮɻһĻɸЩҪμӿԵˡ
С, ˮˮõģǲϾϵˣЩϴүμʯС, ϰ߽ζӳһǰӳһվƾˣЩϴүǸҶҲĺһʷ
ˮͽ, 첻ǹȥ, μʯƢҲãϴүĽ͡үҲ˵˺ܶ, ˮˡ
, ԽԽù, ͷүп˵صͨ˵磬Щ
ǰԽԽ, μʯɱԱر, ɰ, ǺһʣԼƯѧϰãҲһܿϡ
ԼμʯԵʸûУЩӶӳ, ɺͺرһԱȣͲԶˡ
СıˣһүĶμʯı
˵ʲô㡱
ҿû˵һ֪СʲôضӳǰɡүЦ˼ԺҪȥ﹤ģϵĶӳԣ֪࣬Сʲô
μʯ˳˼
ɩӣǿѧǿרƣر
רƱһĴѧѿרҲкרһҵѧУֱӷ乤еλѧĴ໹Լҹ
ȻǿѧҲϲ˸ҷ乤С˯Щα̫ˡ
Ļ˲ϲ乤ģرɩ˵ѡ϶ǿרԲŹô˵
ޣССĿԶѣôܿϡСȰźرҲһ𿼴ѧ£˵ͬһѧ
רƵȷʵȥ˹ҵǺ¸ڵЩҲùСôݹ˵ˣȥҵҲþжá
ҲҪҳɼôãרƿϧˣѧʲôõġرרררȴѧˣҲѿǺرԼġ
ˣ㡱СΪϰѾͷˣúͺرۡ
ոһգ˳Ϲɵϵú͵ƴһ鸴ϰ
϶ǺɫաرЦС
Сһŷú͵Ʈ̶ѬԼϰѬˡ
Цö۵ӣСָӹЦǿﶼú͵Ƶĺڻҡ
ÿҹͿŻԼ㡣
ˣͬ־ǲμӿȥˣ컹ûĵش򿪹㲥ҵŷŹ㲥
Сﱻ㲥ʮŵ·
ûеûеƣԼú͵ƣûĴȥǧ˴֤ǲĵڹ㲥󺰡
ֻһú͵ƣɩȥɣСرԼ
Ҫú͵ưɡСЩ˼Լôɩӵģ󷽵㡣
ɩӣ㿴Ϊ˿ԶųʲôˣҶ㿼ϰԾˡرЦҺ㲻һһ㶼š
СЩΣԼһԽĸ߲ʱΪ߿ŵֽŶ¡гĺرһԱȣСԼ̫ˡ
9ſʽСӿŶˡ
ɩӡɱĺرô
СˣĻЩĿ̫ˣĻѩһƵʱҲ֪ΪŻ̫ˣʹϾ
ûӺáСޣһԸſ޵ѧ١
ҲкܶɵһµģǱɼͲãֻԡ
رҲ˼˵Լûֻ÷ųС߻˼ҡ
˹·һŵҡ
ôǺͻںؼҵˡ
رָָСҡҡͷ
صҾڱ޵ĳСҪˣһʹϾ쿼ԵʱҲһֱıŵôһƬհףĿûдꡣ
磡رͻȻ󺰡ôǰ
Сﲻվڱޡ
֨һŴֹˡ
һѵ£ϱı
ûӺáСڱ˵ţ漴Դӱ̽ںһϡ
һʲ֪ôοֻר˵š
ôǰСͷںһϺʵ
ѵˣǵѵ࣬ѵ༯һֵһ족
ѵʲôݣС̧ͷ۾޵úġ
óһֲڵֽССһֽôôڣ
ҿʡﶼЩ
áСؽֽӿûжʮһ͸ֱĲõֽʪʲôֽֽʲôĲӦ٣ҺҲܲڡ
ﶼ֣극־͵һĨĨľġҺһʺӻ㽲ÿζģСҲϰˡ
㻹û˵أѵʲôˣ
ƬƬƬȵȸѵһ˵ҲЩǻѧЩӢ
˵һʿʼСšABCD
һϱǰ԰ڡ֪ǵķӳprojector

ŶԷʮֹŹֻķСʹҧŴûԼЦ
~ҷáһʿϱڱЦʱЩܸС
ΪϱӦЩĴ
ܴѧģСԱϸơ˵úܺá
ɲСҲǾôѡ𣿡
֪Ǻüѵ࣬˵һԺپ
һʺϱһڴ조Ļ̶͵ģǸ֧ǲңӺͷӳӵľԼõĸ󣬻صҼ䡱
Ļ̶ȲرҪԺչǸ鷳Сϧ
ؼҸĸ˺ȻԸֺ֧һʶ飬ǺһʵʱС߲ԸҪ˵ʩᡣ
ȷʵǸ鷳Ժ϶ܽĻ̶ȲĻԺơһڻҲЩź
ԣ൱Ժи컨ǡС̾
컨壿ʲô
ûʲôС﷭˷˿ںһʱϡǰ;ޣҲҡ
ûϵٿҲһ
һܿصԺУĿҶСرޡҾ̫ûӺá
ţ㡱һ죬һСϱ⻬޳Ĳӡ
ոտ޹۽Щ죬ͷҲúģΪִ糺һƬ˿ǿɰԲ˵~
̬Ȱ˾ǲҡСɼܺúܴڿˣ˶ܴ⣡
Сﻹ˵ʲôͻȻһȴ쵰˵¶һƬ
Ȼ˸Сѹ飡


 58 

һĴѧ, 졢/飬úСյ˼ǹҵѧ֪ͨ顣
ȻصѧѾܴˡһʼС첻, æο
ðοңҵĴǲ֪ˡ
ϱ⻰Ц, һšЦǺͿѧʲôϵѵصѧľͲ
ϻСﲻ£ϡ
һǺͻص˱Ժ, ףر˴ר
Χ7磬ǱߵģЦúϲ£, رΨһϴרѧ, ĸ֪һĴѧר
СƲ죬һԽľȻûرӡ
һҲܣС˵ѵԲ, ΪԲ, СֲԸ, ˵û顣
ǡһǼҴҵ˹²ð
ôˣ
λҪȡСѧʸ˵Сﱻץй/δ󡣵Ҳڣͬ⡱˵ˣǷϡ
ܿ϶, ۿЩССҪԾũ, ЩԼҶӹŮûϵĶĽʺޡ
ЩѺرѧʸҲȡ, ǺرϵǴרôõĳɼǿ϶ƴҲᱣסرѧʸ
βֵ̫Сʹӡ
еĹ쵼жֵ֪ģջ֪֪ͨ顣Щûͨ, û취ֻ֪ܵȵٿû֪֣ԳСˡ
СɲٿһΣҲô۸ġ
ȥһˡ̾Щ϶ԼֶûϣʼԱº֣費Ƕ
ҵøлûҵ֪ͨߡС̲ס²ۡ
ôܽߣһֱڹſڣ˽ȡ֪ͨ˸ˡһǼȥسƬͼڹ⣬ΪЩ֪߱ͨ˿϶Ҫȥϡ
ֱԼλ֪ͨ鶼ȷõ֣ǲи
Ҿȡʸ£ǲһܰãȥ˰æСźһʡϴȥʡǲʶȥкسƬھȥسóҵһ
СñȽ϶࣬Լ缸۰Ͱ͵طԼѧǺôǹΣ˵зġ
߹ֲźãϾԼҳѧ˼ʵ۾Ҫˡ
Сεȥί֤ÿ춼ίſ顣
ſ˲ֹСһкܶ౻ȡʸ֪ǡ
ͨˡμʯ˹˺ؼҡ
ؼ40ĵֽμʯرͷͳȥˡ
ܲ𡱸ŮӳźرѵҪǷǲˣҪġ
Ƿֹ͵
лл㡱رǷϹˡ
ԴһӲ˹

ôûԴһ͵͵Сˣ˵ԼŮò׿ϴѧȻǸˡ
˵ǽί۳ȵȰɣɩǾͻˡ
˵ļ¡ԴˣֱؼҵĵݲŷӦࡣݱǼһ㡱
40ġرüͬƽĽ񶼱յһ֩ܿ塣
ѹ֣Ǽõ10ĵƣȲǡԴʮĽֿʼϧ޸ԼӵĲǺرˡ
ͺؼرôһ˶޸ԼӲǺãԴôŲԾźرϸࡣҲۡ
رһѳԼ֣Цһ
ЦŪʮεԴ첻˵رǰòҲ֪ôˣôǿơ
رȥһ൱ʱСҲˡ
ôԴͺرĵؽӭš
GݣС̲סЦ˫ϲţѧʸˣͨϵˡ
λƬ쵼С˵û
СȻֻƬ˼£ǼµĿõģسƬߵĳͼλַС֤һǿ˼˼û
οһѾʡǵӰǱ߿ˣΪһʵİˣСȻҲǱеġ
˺ö󣬳СߵĴѧ֪ͨվǱסˡ
ǱμøۣЩ˵֪ͨûҲͰˣѧʸҲûȡˣ
ϴ裬һ˲ͷݣû뵽ǰ۵ĴڴϰڳرơĳСһһϡ顯һϷš
ôֳԴбڴͷĳСƤգգۣ˳°ڡ
һƬհ׵ĺһʺ˽۾ϱĶƶգһ¡
ȫֻһ촩ĴŰɫȷĳСֻӣ֡
()
رڶͿ쳣˷ܵĴһӲˡ
磬Ѿ˼Ѽ⣬ôڳˡرƣ챻ˡ
һŵ˿Ȼķ϶Ѽ⡰~û֡
ɵЦĴ磬رϼ⡰Ҹ͹ȥ
УﵥȥɡһӣϽȥϱ´һ
26գǹ㲥ӴѧʽѧرѧУһר
ѧĺһʺͳС￴ŴѧﳯһȺ˺ǸпЩ˴󲿷ֶΪδм
77ࡱһѧرڣĺһʳС˵Ŀ⣬ֽ˻ȥ
ôˣѧҪͬ治񻰡мѧλͬѧ˹λͬѧԼԼʰɩӣҲũæʱôô˸ɻ
ѵһͨرˣȷʵӦôǡ
С̲סۣȻĸѧᣬЩ˶ô߸ᡣ
ѧᣬʲôλᣬЩѧȨҲһЩ
һǼûũʱ֣ԶҲʲô¡˵ǢôµģһҲЩǸʲôģܹ鲻ӵһѧͱ۸
㡱
㡱
̲סָźһʣһŭɫ
ĸģ˿θߴƵĺһЩӣ漴źرóһֽҪرһƵġ
ôŭû~СͻȻ˵ǿɶͶũЩĿǲ̫ˡ
Χ˷׷׿˹ʦҲ̲סŭ⼸λѧ
ѧҲͶ٣⼸ѧ۸Ͷũ񣬶ʱŭ
ûУ˱Сˣš
~ͱС㶷ŪȺ˵ȥСϣСЦſ
ɩӴرЦɩӣ⼸סĶҪסѧУдɡ
СѧĿѧʱҪȺرѧУϼ죬һҪȥԼʡǹϾ͵𳵸ϻȥ


 59 

С˺һȥվ
Ҫˡһʲسϱӻ֡
ȥʡǱ˺úù, ̫ҡĳСЩʡ
ڲͬĳУЩ᲻á
Ҳǣúѧϰ, Ҫһ˵̲ס˵ҲûϵҪ۸˾ͳɡҪ, ܿЩͬѧ
ЩͬѧС
ͬѧһʳԴˡ
һûȥСѧУҲ뵽ѧУôһȺഺлжˡ
, İɣôҶˣôܿȺСӡСｫԼһӸ
Ǻ춹һʲ춹˼, Ҳͦɰġ
춹˼, Сͷ˾ӿ
ϱ˺һҲ۵ذۺ÷Ž˿ڴ, û׼ʲô͸ϱ
óһŴŽ, һʽǮ۳һ͸Сϱ
˺һʵĳСû߶Զͷ˽
תһ
㣡
ΰżӹҲ˴ѧ, 㲻֪
ǳԽǸһֱųС֪࣬Спԩ·խ
ô֪㿼˴ѧֲעСϳΰҲ˹
Һһѧ, ǹҵѧ, ˵ͬһרҵ, ʲôרҵΰ˳Сǰһλá
ǹңСЩջ˺˻
ûай㡣ȥҵѧԵдסϣأ
СﲻڹִûȥѧУס
Ŷΰ˳Щ޹ؿųСô˵ô, 鲻ã
죡Сһ
ϧǴУһЩҲͻȻȥһ١

죬Ҫأ
ӵ˾ͿһȺʩŹڵ
ԴϰòСѽǺŮôԶȥˮȣⲻӣԾҼҴˮ
ˮ
ضӳǮ
˾Ȳѣˮһʿ֧һʾȻԴҴˮ
ҲԼǮϾнĺ˼Ʒءһ⺢̫Т˳ˣǵԼǮ˴򾮶ӸǼҴ򾮡
ԴͳüĽʺ޵Ĺά
еţСͳ´򾮶ӵ
ŵ͡ţСָų´᲻ã˼Ҵ򾮶ӳԹöģҪСǸɻĿô족
G֪ˡ´ѹʣĺþƺò˶˳ⶼ9ˣǶӦÿѧˣǸĵӹȥϲԡ
ҲǺ޸˺һʡţСԺˮֵòСҲã˳˸ԺǿԺȾˮˣЩϱǶĽҡ
Ϣ´һ⳴šԼб£ûкһҲܹúá
˵Ҳ֣ԼýǰǸûˣ׺󷴵ԽԽǿơ
ǣǿţСŹֿ·ļӡGǼֳϺܾûˣ˵ǼҼֳϹûй֣ôĸ׵ģ
˭֪ʲô˵¡´š
ɻˡҹˣּӿŶӻæЩľջȡůô
ҲЩССֵĶֱһЩֳϺǺЦ⼸һ׬˲١
ֳЩбץȥķգֻҪ׬ǮǺɵ¡
ǾͺãǾͺáͻȻһ¡ˣָûȥ￴ұֵ÷ˣӦȥЩȥɣôǸ㶥ϱ
һ⵹ùֳּƲϡ裬Ǹǰ;ˣϹϵã׼ˡ
飿⡭дһģЩġ
ǸεˣԺҲܹѵôЩֳϰ
ôأһˡɲУǼּҵӿɲܴϱһ׸ɾϱ
׾ͳɣˣҸո·ϲļǼҴֵڸɶ
һС¼ˮءﻹĽһĳɾ͡ԴǼ˳ҫ˵һʳʡǵӰһСɲ
ʡǵСɲΪԼѾ˵ļֳһְˣʱһߵ˷˵ֻһµܵķӳӶӳ
ⶼǰ¶ˣسǵӰƼȥʡѵһѵ౻쵼ˡЩ޺һСôͲĶء
֮ԶԺһʵô˽⣬ΪԴҫ
뵽һǸԴǸǼˮݿˡһʹˮҲˣ׬ǮҲ£޸ˮ
ǮǮǮһ쵽ֻҪǮֳһֱӣԼĶǽϣǽҳһС
ⲻҪǮΪǮô׬ֱֳšðΣոɻĲܷҰ֣ô˼ҪǮ
ָ˰ļӱ첻ǶôһӣԺ̱˴ϻöϱź򣬼ʳסжָӡ

Һãΰǰ統֪ࡱΰĳСЦҺλСͬѧء
СƤЦⲻЦǲͬһ硱
ҺãǳС̨ĳСںڰ԰һдƮݵļ֡ˣϹġ
˵⻰ʱСֱֱΰϣⲻҪƤҪ֪Ѷˡ
СｫһʵĺڰɫƬ˳̨µͬѧǿϹ˧˧
˧ЦŹơ
ΰмһƬһСӰˣԼĶ֡
Ϊ类˼꣬԰ϽѧҲһЩСôʵ԰ڵռ
ϾЩڳһµǲ׼Ҫˡ
һϰ飬ʦû
ʦ˵ˣǽͰѰɲѡ̨֯
ǰ漸ְλСﶼƲۣȵѡ೤Сվ̨
ҿ֪ܲǰ·ӳӹϹأӵĶӳǷӳӵĶӳ
Ϲӳ㾺ѡ೤ʲôϵоͬѧԱ߳Ц
ȻйϵҸһĿȾ֮Ҳѧ˲ٱ¡Сڽ̨һһгԼơ˹ͨǿ֯߻ǿҲЩͬѧ渺𡭡
ʮĳСΰۣϲĳСϲЦϲһС
ѡ೤ȡͶƱķʽ
ԱںڰϿʼдּƱС￴ԼҪּϵĸֱʡ
ͶίԱģίԱǡ೤ǳС


 60 

, Ͷ㡱ΰڳСͷЦ
ΧͬѧСһ¾Ⱥΰ˦ˡ
ûϵΰֱţ͸Сš
һҽӻҵĳ¶ٵشȡ
¶, ҵ
ûأҪҽ̵ѧ̫ˡ¶ӷڴ, Ӱͳһ֥š
СصҿʼͿʼһдţÿ춼кܶ˵
೤, ܲܰûʲôڹѧ·ӡ¶Χ˹
ûʲôҪ󡱳Сｫͷһš
ûʲôҪ󣬳Կ۶У׬ѡ
, ͰȥС￴ӲӲζ, ͻȻʲôԼóҰ۽ָԼ༶Ůҡ
ԺһòλĵطҼʱӦʲô, һͨ, ȡǰΪģࡱС֮£ϵǶŮ, ŽС
೤˵öԣ㿴Ժϵһֻǰİ೤ŮһðСԼӮģ, ༶
೤, ҿͶ㡱
ǶͶ㡱
һȺЦǺǵؾ, Ͷʱɵһֺû˲˴ѧҪ֤Լˡ
һ󲿷ѧǵģŮС֪Ů˲ľͷǳʢ, ҲȥŽǡ
¶ԳС£ĵͣ೤֪ôǵЩŮͬѧ
ѯ˺üλʦѧɲ󣬳СҲ֪ʱڹѧҲס
ÿѼԪǮĴڣҶżҽ̵Ļϳ塣
ҼҽҲ඼һӢģ¶ӢﲻС
λҲǳС֤ԼһλᣬȻէûʲô
¿κСȥ˼ǹ㲥Ӵѧ
СסȥĶء
׼ȥʳóԷرųСһȥɩӣôˡ
¡С￴˿ѧУԼƴѧǮˡǰиŮѧڹѧûʲôܵģ
ҰʡرǮѧࡣ
رͬѧкɩӵȥʳСӡ
⽡رɩһһ롣
Եϰ߲û۸㡱Сĵؿӣãûݡ
һʼ۸ҡɩӶԱȣر΢һЩΪÿкøеҲ١Щ۸ҵĶȥˡɩӣء
Ұϰ೤ˡСҡͷԵҫһ̫ˣѧУҳԵ̫á
ͱ⽻мСƽƵĳԡ
Ϊʲô
ϵ˵Ǹÿͳϼ̫ˣҪǶٶٶԵôã϶еĲƽ⡣
ĸ¶ǲõΪȻУΧһƬֻܿкܾͬѧм䣬Сõ͵ЩϾΪ೤ͬѧĻǺģԼûô
극رȥͬѧм
ɩӣˣǸ೤İһְ˵԰ܲͬѧȥʱ
СѧУġɽ֡ҲϽ
֮󣬰¶ĳСͬѧǰˡ

װĺضӳû~һͬ²СĿźһֱû¾Цһʡ
Ƚϱأдд鶼ԡĳĳͬ־ͷСдô¶ôżʵС
һһŽ˸ߣ漴뵽ʲô˸˻ǲһֱƱ
а
ãϴ˵һûƱһţһСһֱ
һǮ࣬ۺϿ֮˸Ƶֱ
СյʱȲذֱԼϣ˵¶Ǻһʸġ
ֱ¶ϴ·һⶫ̫Ưˡ
ͦһģʽЩ󡱳С˵ﻰֱϴүƵģϱӼĸֱȷʵӲ̫ÿ
⻰˶ͲǸζˣҫһѧ⻰ѳСŸ鴫˳ȥڶʦҳС̸ˡ
ԽΪܵᣬСΪ˼ⱻѵˡ
СҲǾ˿Ŵ
ΣСд˷֣ǸĶŮͬѧǼˣ
ѹǸŮ˾Ǽ㡱ΰοųСı̲ס
С͵ץ첲ˤôôģѾܾˡΰҪǰɧңҵ֤ݰ浽ȥ
ܵͼݣСļ೤һڰĽ俪ʼ׼ﻮ
ϵչԡᡯΪ˼ŵĻСȥʱ򻹾úЦⲻ׵һʽ
ũѧܶ಻û˵ⶫСһεӦŪñЩ
ϵڶԺϰһѧһдһŮôһרҵİ೤顣
һдһŮи꼶ѧ㲻ˡǰŮʲô
Сϱӻ¶ʱͱ̹ЩνϯǾۻȵһдһŮĳ϶øעⰲȫΪЩˣŮǰŮСˡ
£Ǿ䣬Լ˭ͺ˭ƲƲ졣
вô죿ܶѧ̫ˣĶӡԲЦ
ԸľԸμľͻᣬǡ
ҾӦûСڲֽϻͼľľһ߳ԳС족
Сٳ˼˵СʳϵƶѧҲ࣬ҲǺú÷ɵһλᣬ̫ϧ
Щƶѧ¿κͼܣеΪȥͼѧϰеΪ̫ȥͼ罻
Щ˴Ӳ˽С⣬ûӦǿμһԣʵڲĿԳԳСʳһ¡
⣬ҿЩϽڶֲ̬ͬȣΪһ˲ؼһ˼ȷʵԸı䣬ҾҪŮŮеĴ䡣һЩܲ˵ѧڶǿЩϽڿѧ졢õһ桱
Ҿáλ೤ųСﶼͣ⡣
ǿСŮŮĴ䣿ǲ̫˼̫¾ˣľɲûãԽԽȥˡǸ
ҸղѾҵĹ۵㣬Ҫϸ˾Ӧ֪˼¾ûһëǮϵ˵ֻǵһô´´ʵ䡱
СλЩҡ˽͡ҪǿǵµͬѧǣҲũģ֪кܶ˼뻹ûҪһͿŮһǣƻᱻſޣǡ
УһǿǿҪǱ봩ͳһ˶װС˵ͣҲС
ͳһ˶װΪѧ⣬ô¡ѧЦɱЩǸ
ȷʵûǺãȥСڱϻȥһ
֮£Щڶĳʼ


 61 

೤, Ҹ㱨ȥˡ¶ͰϵŮǸѧչˡΧˡŮĹϵѾˮݵĵز
ǶѧҥٱСֱŸŮͬѧ
֪Ƕ˭ҥ𡱳С׼ȥˣٱСﲻҪдֻȥѧУ㲥, ʦѵһͨܲ
ǶǸлŮ, ǶˣԾŮС֧СǺ, ŮǮҲ֪ΪʲôҪҥ㡱
᣿СôЩءе𣿴ôãֻǵеӳкͺرŮĴ󲿷, СǶòˡ
ȥ307Ůһ, ġ
Ҳ֪ʲôζƮȥˡ¶ű²ۡ
˭л, ̸Сֱֱվڴſڶš
û˻ش, ǸҵĹȰȰ˵ǶίԱ, ͳСΪ༶
СȰ͵ЦЦ漴ſŵֽҵ˻Ĵ̣ǿſֱߵ̡
ŮһͷëƵĶ̾, ΧǱĻ¿, Եڲͬ
ٿ·, ɫ󵨵ȿ㣬ŰɫϵƵᱡ
Сﲻɵţ˿ܴò壬ȷʵǷڶʮһһҲܺÿһ㶼ʱ
ҥٱңһһϹŰٱ, 磬ǼŮôôӵַˡ
С೤˰Ұһۡ
Сһ֡ϴֱɱҵĹˣ㻹˵㲻ǹ£㡭
˵һСûŻҿ޲ðѻֱ
ҶŪ𡱻ᷭ˸ۣʼϵĿα
~Сϸϸ۲һ֪ôˡ
ʿֱקʲôקСϱӼǰռֱĴղʿֱСֱ̫ðֻҪȥϲ
ʿʲôԳ𣿡¶ˣֻ˵ʯֱǹһӳϱƸǱʯֱѴŮĽòˡ
Ʋһֱ֪ۡʲôӣֱȲϵġ
ֱǺһʸģֱڳСͷϽ͡
ӲҪֱò͵İɡߴߴ磬СܿŮĽ٣ʹƻٱ
Сôǰ೤ҲûҪô۸ǶŮСС͵ŮҲվ˳
⻹˵ã۸೤
һŮ¶һԼһҵŮȫܹС
ļвСƣʹ£ֻҪ̫֣Ů϶վڻߡ
ֻǲ²ѣôšСɵпſϡԲ²ŸݵĻӣҾͲܲ²ǸС͵
㵹˵˵С͵ˣƲϳС˵ܼʳС
ᰵԼİ೤Ǹ೤֪࣬ͷ߸ߵ׳׳ġ
ѧԺЩɲæýŲմأһ𿪻ۡ
ö֮ϵ֪һиܸɵİ೤гС
ҪǳСѾ飬а೤ѾҳСˡ
һ߼ԼϲСһʵǼʳС
ͬһרҵŮСѾ˦Щһˡ
㱻õĳСûἵʵÿ췢衣
Ҿ˵˵ΪʲôС͵СΧתһȦֱ70ļʿ˺۱ҲЩ۲ˡǰЩֱļ൱ĺãǮӦòٴ̶Ⱥصı
ٿϴģһвЩʱֿʽ·Щ·´ƤЬЩЩϴաҪǮûҪôίԼҪûǮôЩضҲ͵İ
С²Щ·ֱ϶ǻݸģƫô˵ŻԼ˵
ŰĽٵĻԼ˵ϵ·ֱǱ˸ƷִһĴ
԰ƽԷҲǱҶѣôЩö¶ͿϻˣΪŮ˿кӹ
ᱻСﲽŪÿû͵
³Сﳹ˶ŮŮŭŶԷ
Ҳֻǲ²⣬Сװ޹գգۡˣ޹ʾٱд˼ǧֵļֻҰҾʹдƽˡ
ԣǰ೤ܳŴڵڵ뿪С˳˵㡣
˵ûǰĻٱһ೤ǽݵĻӣԼǰĽٵˡ
ôĽˣ
ѽƽ԰ڵֱϵĺ·Ǳ˴˲Ҫġ
ҲûɶĸǴŴľ·ģֻǻƽ˵Щ·ԼװǮˣƫƫֵһ೤Ǹ೤Ͱһ١
ôԼģһЩȻǿϷΪ⣬ǴǾһ೤̫ˡ
һ೤ʲôţҲ̫ǿˡ
ѽеˣЩˡ
һ೤гСǸǰ༶͹ϡڴ컹ųȹǸŮ
ˣƽͦƵģҽĿû뵽ôס

СҲںЩ˵ĿԼŽ̨µͬѧСǲҪʳԱߵƬؾУϣǰѧؼɣܡ
¶ҺίԱϵĸɲ˼ȷշΪҲΪǰ볡СŮŮĴ䡣Ⱥ볡Ͻ뿪󣬾ʵɴ䣬˭ȥ롱
С˵ƤЦⲻЦؿŵЩŮܾˣȥǿҪȻ֪ҵġ
һȺεӭ˼
⣬Ŀͬѧһϰ
ᡱΰͻȻ֡೤Ƚ̽¡
԰೤Ҳѧ׷׾֣Ǵ󲿷Ĳ
ڻΰͲͳСˡ
СѺõЦҲôᣬᣬȥѧ
ǺͶϵáЩ塣
ƽһڱ˵һʱͦŽģôֲˣС˫ڸ첲ϿŵµͬѧЦЦЩ顣
೤Ц̫}ˡſС졣
ΰ̲ס򴽣ഺлĳСЦĳСʮĳСϲ


 62 

ҽҪȥسѧϰӰ, سǱߵӰܶಿƬӣȥسǽ޵Ļʮѵáαֺãл뵽ס硷ⲿӰС
˵˹ϵ, ҳֽǺһдĶԳС˼֮顣
ǳСȥЩӶǡһȥسˡ¡
ϼҾس, ûм߿ѧ˵ڻϹһȥس, ˵ͺˡ
СڴϷǧһʻȥĳ, ˸òʲô𻨰ɡ
˵һʺ, ǱϾеһԷޣСڤڤ֮⡣
㡱˿ˮ, һ, ͿλϿĺһʡ
һ̧ͷһ, ЩӡϸһϴʱгԱ
áһʰϵı˹ȥԷˮ
ˮ, ͸ڵˮ, žı߿ʼǵĺһʺǸп, ϹҪһϽģҲˡ
ҸСдţһֱûյš̲סʺһʹڳСϢ
дţһˣСгԱǲżһ棿дʲôţ
ҵַҪ¿Ժ˵, šЩΡˣû¡
ȥǶѧˣĵſ϶ϼңûšһʽסСĵַԺдžͼַ
ллܿġ
̫ෳˣ뵽֮ǰĳС̲סдţӳСõֵ֧
һʵͷֿʼ档ǹڵӰѧ¼ȵȸֻͼ飬ȥسǵĻѵãϣԼﱻ˸ȥ
Сǰû˵һȻû鵫˺ܴСܻԼĥŻҲʦͨѧ
˻𳵺һȥ볧һдسǽޣʡֻкһʺһḻϴ类УЩдķúһܱҪȻ᲻ϼ
һţǹҲ٣˵ôŸһ󷽷ĳ⡱ϴ˺һʼ⡰ǲӺϱһǮ̫ѹˣҾ˵ЩŮ˶ʲôң
û¡һʽǵһ߲ȥԡϱǰй֪ܲǰǹƱԱ˺ܶǮҪ˵飬б£еϡ
һôһ̣ûϴѧҲûùϴʱûš
Сͺرǰϰʱʹ˲ǮȥϴѧԼĻ
ѧǼﳤǮؼûĸ˵ӦúһʳǮϧһԼĻó㣬Сͺر˵ĻĻࡣ
úһܲѾ׼ʼʡŵãҪѧǮˡ
ںһôʡǵӰֵһСɲҲȥЩΥ͵£Դޡ
ȹ˼ѧϰʱ䣬һʳȥɢȴٴǸгԱ
ֻгԱڱһ˴
Ա߼ˣСŵ۴ԶˣһǰһŽ˸ߵڵأŤ
ڵ϶õĺһгԱȥйĨ᲻Ը⡰ȷſҺġ
Ϲ£ͻȻͱȭͷ
йӵĵԼҵ
ʶһʴֵҲޡҲܶ֡
һʹһŤš첲ʹ˴
ˣϹ첲ǲǱһʸŪˡ
һüſˡ
˳źһʽ¿ˮ漴ֺºһæԶˣȥֹ˼źһ
ոհңɡɢҵıָͷᡣ
ѾԹһ˼ֻŵͷ׼ȥӱɢҪҪһȥ
һǰһţһţַϵǵСǸź춹
һ᲻ð˲ᣬա
Լ˲ᣬһξʼͺһ߿˵ԼϹڵЩ¡
ɡһ̾ôĻ̫ˣ뿪ʱֹҪġ
Ƕ˵˺Ϲͻˡ૵һڡ
ӣһʲɵ뵽ԼӣرҲӾܰӳ
һʶЩ˺ɸ֡ΪŹﲻڼɻʱӦ뿪Ϊʲôֽ飿ðͺܸһˣرһˡ
ʼղЩˣӣƽ²ϳԿ࣬ƫƫһô˺ֱرܽ͡
ǳСԼҪ˵ѧϱͷҲصˣٸԼᡣ
룬һʻϲϱӣñûš
⼸¶ѧϰʲôҪæȥҡһҲԵ֣ܰһһѡ

೤ôˣ
ǰ೤յſʼͻ겻ᡱ
ǲϹˡΰɵù
СûЩˣպúһٴμţпԵʹⱲӺܶ¶ıˣ˻ˡ
೤ҡ
СһȴǺرˡ
ɩӡرСӻ֡
~źرĿת
೤ȻÿѾˡ˸ƯŮͬѧЩͬѧźرҪȥڨ˼
ûʶΰЩͬѧǾóС
ģ
ǣѧУ֯ѧУĹɻرɩӵȥͷ조ҳųзʱ˵˵
GǱߵŮѧУġ˶ŷ߹Ϳ˴Ųһ˶װĺر
Ҵˣһ೤Сӣ˵Ǽǹ㲥Ӵѧġ
ģѧУɱƵطöˣû뵽೤ôСӡ
ԱߵͬͬѧɩץŷеĻǺ⡣
ԴӳСѧУﲻ˶ڱ˵ǸٵŮˡ
ᡱΰѩŴˡ
㣡˳˸ˡ
СﱻôûͷһۣǸܾƯŮѧ
ұǼǴѧġͬѧǽܡ
~ر̲סСĽǿȫһĴѧˡ
Сعͷʲô˲ģҪǷҲܿϡ
СһֱԸ߿¹ڻ
ͬѧʲô֡мѧͺΰѩк
ұкΰѩȲؽԼı㡣
ΰѩС͵ػͷһѹôƯʳڡ
ɩӣû°ɡرĵؿɩӡ
û£ܿҪˡСЦá
رСû£Ǳ㡱
ѹ֮ǰ;ûֶ죬ӳкͺرŮΰѩŮǺΰѩСࡣ
ԩ·խ


 63 

˵㱻۸ˡΰѩЩʧѧУӦǶѧϰĵط, ѧУ˲úѧ֪ʶѧЩ۸˵ֶΣ֪Ͳѧˡ
ͷǣָָһںͱĳС, Ǹһİ೤رԼ೤۸, ϲҫԼǮ
˱õĿߣΰѩЩƲϳСˡ೤ʲô, ҪѧλиְһܾЩ¡
Ÿ£ΰѩƳС⴩´磬ǿסСȵĳȹ, ²źɫСƤЬŰɫӡ
ΧЩžɫ˶װѧм, СĴǲһˡ
ΰѩűðο绹·ԾͲУؼȲ, ô˼ҫģ
Ǳʶ㡱ᳰЦһ, ðˡ
űùĴ, ΢򿪿˿涼ЩƯ·
ǰЩʰЩ·Ьӣ˵ѧУʣԽˡΰѩЦЦҲ, ҲҪѧУˡ
ЩΰѩҪľ·жǷ߿, ǱõĹϵ, һһ£Ĳûźΰѩֺޡ
㣬´δӳиһɡ飬һű¥һ߶ű
, Ҳ֪ô£ǺһֱĲɵģҺ˵Ҳġΰѩͻ˵ӳлΡ
ӳиôˣôƯβסͺˡ㱧ƽ
Ҳ֪ô£þԼߵʱ򣬺رͻȻŲõԤСԲһ£ǿ˵ӳиӳ𣿡
ΰѩؿҲ֡ô֪ӳиģ
Сﱳϲһԣ鰡~~
Сǣرûеʧʹֻ࣬ǴԼбŵĻóһֱֻһŵǮҴʱӳ֮ǰһЩһֱû֪ϴѧͰЩңҪлӳл
ӡ
ǮֱǺرԼҺһҪģһֱЯţӳܽŻʱټһ档
񿴵ںӳ̸ĺΰѩرҲ׹ˣ֪ӳ˲ϲϵģԸɴཫ˺ΰѩԺҲ
ΰѩԺرĻЩɣڿֱֻʱ򣬺ΰѩˣֱȷʵӳеġ
ѽ㣬ֱӳиǰһ𡱻û뵽СﾹȻӳиӳϱԵ֡
ʮȷǰƯʵĹӳеĹϵرתͷʪۿﻹǺӳС
Сıοû£ʵӳϲģǺΰѩûʲôϵ
ô֪
ҡСЩΣ鰡Ȼ֪ӳвϲΰѩӳһֱϲĶǺرֻ̫ûˡ
ǵӳгŵĻԼ⣬Իعһֱ׷źرķͺû˵ڶӡ
СҪ˵ⷬƺرҪΪ񾭲ˡ
ɣҶѾˣٺԲǺӡرЦɩӣҲҪȥˡ
һ·Сε˻
೤㡱
㡱СЩѧλûʲôøУ̬Ȳ㲻жá
λ£ǵôˡϣгСɻˡ
ҶЩûȤЩ̫˷ѾˡСﵱ೤͹ˣλȷʵ˷ʱ䣬ʱ䵹úù˼Ժ
ûмС֪ôˣѧλỹȥѾͷߵúܡ
һԶˣĳ¶˹೤˵Ӵúּǳο϶ǺˣԺ᲻ǰʹӰ
ģǡСŲЩˡ
СԤӳлȻʱӳоš
೤ҡ
ڽһ߿Ŵһ׼ܵĿչĳС̧ͷһӳѾߵǰ
ţ治ʱСӻǸһڵȻ˧Щ⡣
û˾úܣҲЩˡ
˭ΰסӳУи˳Сİɡ
ȻСˣɴҶĬЩ˳ѧϰĻµϹԵ֪СϹǸʱкܶͬѧųСǸ˼
Щ˶ΰ˹ȥΰ︸ĸǳְѾǺܺõˣϱȲ
ɩӣ֪ѧУӳѹûΰֻųСʱЩš
˵ȥ죬ӳЩԳСҿ۾
ȥ뿪Ǽ˺ܶŶû˻ءӳЩί
ţСˣǰЩˣС˺˺رǿ϶Слźر
ӳЩ조ӻ
ӺΰѩյֱϹˣ֪ر
ӣСû뵽Ѿˡ
ˡ
ӳб߲˼˲òҰס
ι㲻ôɡС￴ʧǴܴⷢϵ˺ӣ֪˺رСҪûȻˣر⺢ӺЩûϵӣΪϲˡ
ϲˡ
⻰ӳ˿
ӳл겻Сô׼ҡ
ҿԼӳͻȻһסС
˳ƺݺݵ˦һƣС￴Χ·ͬѧ޹ЦСˡ
ˣû˼С϶԰Ѻرĵַ
СﲻȻ˸ߣΰӳжԳСû˼ϲذѺرĵַӳС
ʦԸҿ𡱳Сﲻ׼μĩˣ׼ȥسǿһһʣ˵źһʣﻹЩûס
̫ˣΪ೤ӦԼˣЩѧҲŸɲμᡱѧš
ȥسǣСһֱ޾ɵġ
೤һɡڵϵٰһ졣೤ΧЩŲͬѧҵ˳С
Ѿ°볡ˣϰ볡ȻȫϵѧǶŲ˳С׼ʳ衣
ЩҲû˼ʹһĶ뿪ˡ
ۿⳡҪʧܣ೤żˣҵ˳С
УһǴͷСҲӦҪлԾյڡ
СͶ೤ͷ˽衣
೤мתתС֣ʳϢ˵ע
೤Ҫˡ¶һߺȣ˷׷׿˹
Сｫִڶ೤ϣΧѧҪôǲ˼۾ҪôǴ塣
೤סС֣῿Сࡣ
ؽյ׼뿪ĽҲʼ׷׺һ
¶һ¡һŮܾ˰Ǹ룬ҵ˳¶
ѽҲҡΪϰ볡СŮŮĴ䣬Գ¶ȥתһȦŮţҹȥ̫ˡ
Щѧߵض˽䣬¶ųС׼ʳθڴ󿪣ҲȥˣŰǵĳ¶ͻȻͿ˽иֱֱضߡ
¶סһͬѧ㿴ǱǸˣôôأӦòѧУİɡ
һشɽװһѧĳûС
Gôźǰ೤Ϲأ
೤һҽʱͰѺһʵƬ˳ҫЩЩӡ
˵ȷʵ೤Ϲ
һʱֶ賡ĳСԼǸͳСǣֵѧ


 64 

ۿ, һ֧󣬳СҲ
ʳʳֳŮŮ, СοĿǰССɹˡ
೤, ̫ˡΧһЩͬѧ׷׸Сơ
ѽô족СЦùһˮǺ
ɫ, 롱һŮ٩⼸輼УֲԸֻܶԶˡ
˰೤, ոһ˳رĶ, ҿվûһˡ¶ͻȻ¡
Ҷ󣿡Сﲻšȷ
е񡱳¶Цô
ôءСһͬѧҪֵͲ׼ȥˡ
೤˵, Ǿ˿϶, ˿迴һˡ
СԽԽ˾Ǻһ, ææ˳ȥУ԰ˡ
೤ˣҲ߰ɡ
ҲǣǼ裬Լֲ, ɴȥˡ
ٵȵ, Ұʳߡ
ֵͲĹⲻ̫, СﵽСĵػš
˭ءһһСˡ
~С˷ܵһȥס
žļΧͼݻСŮŵϵ鱾ˡ
ǷޡСϴӺһͬѧ͡Ƿޡ
һʴӴóݸǣͬѧɵؽӹֲ֪ȥ
˺óһξŷӦߵҪҪʦ
˰, ˼Сڿ϶Ǻܾûˡ
СڴȥȥУģ
šһʲ뿴Сͱ裬һʹȥˣɴȥУ˹䣬·˼𶹽
Щģ˺áһʸ˺˶ϵһֽ10ҵһһ
ˣԵˡСǣȥУһ̳š
ôҲ˵һСԹЦòȻ˳㿴ң
һЦЦ𻰡
С֮ǰд˵ˣһѾܾû˼𳵹ˡŸϱһϲû뵽ϱǸԼһľϲ֪ϱҲ衣
ͬѧ˭һʷʵ
С֪Դˣ°תֱԼڰİ೤ô㲻ң
Ȼǲһʲ۾ŤͷС˵ϱܺÿҫۡ
ϱԽԽֻˣȻˣסԼϱ֣һʻЩԴס
С֣޲ðչĵطʮ顣
һ·ϵĿڴ˳Сע⡣
ڴԵôɫһ˭ģСﱾͻ嶫ҲЩЩС
һ·ˣ켸£ܴС
ڿڴߵķ취ǿ۷ַ춫뷨ÿ˲һҲûʲôֻǵڻ·ʱҲ뷨ЩеĳСźһʡ
֪ɡһʲϱôʲôϹ鷳Ұ˼أһǼһõ·
Сæ·ûˡ
Աż·ѧŮֹšسѻƾŴֵͲչ˭ôʵҸϵǵȥʦǽй
ֵͲһСæסźһˡ
ܣ漸ѧںͷš
ѽǲǰ೤𡱻ȥҵ·ϣ¶ϳ˰೤ŵƯȹӡ
ѵ೤ǣŵ󣿡
˭ȥǼ׷˵ѧ
ܡѧš
˵ضӳɻҲôܲٶһֱûءСܵ÷ɿ죬κͷиϺȵĺһʡ
һʱϱôһ˵ˡ
ܣҪˣǡࡣѧͻȻһȺֵŮײˤֶˡ
Ǽ·۰¶Ů
Сͷһۣˣͺһܵһѧ¥ԱϹ˸䣬Աߵĳ˽ȥһʯ·
İɣһСˡ˾ʯ·ţһʳ˳ѡõӹʱҶ㿪ˣֻһѪ·ˡ
·Сӹ㺰𣬺ôҪͽȥ
һʿЦҡͷ˵ҪҲұ£еڴӦˡ
˵ĲôĻСҪһֱý
֪ԺҲЩˡһεץסԼһ
һʼΪʲôҪЩ£Сֽȥˣȷʵʲô˿ڡǺһʷӦ죬ҪǷӦ㡭λð
ˣһѡһεҲûԿ˸
Сﳶ·ȥԼ¥¡
һѼ¥һϻ·أСֱһӼ·ĵطˣԼ¸졣
ˣûʲô뷨СҲ̫á
һʾͷۣϱΪʲôܾԼϲ
˻û飬Ҷû뷨һ̾
̾ʲô˼Сȡֵ
ҡһʿЦáֻϲ㣬ģҷġ
Ժ·Լ죬˼Ůֶ˲ܶˣС¹ڻ
·ȥˣô족һʵʱæԼ˿ڣû뵽һ԰·ˡ
˵˼Сù㣿Сͷǰҧҧͷˡ
ʵͷüǳСͷҧߣ䡮
ȻϱͷĶһʲɵú˽ϱ񶼱ˡ
СԶЩҵ뷨ô
ÿϱ룬ͷһû𡱺һƨ
ϱһҿ˿Щ鲻Խ뱧
ᡱСվȥסдɣҲҪȥϴϢˡ
Ҳûϴ衱һͻȻðһ䲻ɵĻ
Сء
ԣһϴɡŵĺһ̧ͷŵƹȵĳСЦųµ°ڡ
žһС֡㻹ǲҪ
ѽ೤Ϊʲô˰ŮΧ¥Ĵ߿ޡ
˵Ů̫˻ߵģͥͲҸˡ
˵軹˵Ů̫˻ᱻ۸أ۸ŮŲҸ
ǣ㿴ǰ೤Цôģ϶ڴΡ
ĲȥдһҲվȥĻҾԼˡ
ðСŲвЦÿļˡ
һʲϱʲô˼ˡ
šС￴Ц
ΣһġҴˡ
ˣ
Ժһ޾ϸذ¶д㡱һʷġ¡
⻹ࡱСﳶĻ֤û
֤ɲסһ䷿
ˡһͷ
ű𶯣ȥҵͬѧ˵һСŮƵĸһָ


 65 

һ´, С￴˿Ѿ賿һˡ
Щߵط˸Сָͷ˴
ȥˮ, ϴ衱Сģߴźһȥˮ
ӷˮƿ, ǰ̨ϸźһãֱһЩ, ֱָָߡȥǱˮˮ
ˮһʲˮϴ
šС˼·ԼҴĴ˼Ŵ
šһЩ졣˭Ե޹ʵشżŴأ˾ǴС˼ġ
СŴɫƦһؿⴲϴ
šһʵͷóһ׸ɾĴȥ
߳Сȥϴ裬һˮ, ǰ̨ü
Ƿ, н֤ġһæ͡
ŶС﷭˸ۣϵıֽ
ȺһˮȥС̲סƺһʵıӰ, Լȷ, ô˧ô, ǹˡ
Сϴ裬һʽٴδˮ˲ˮȥϴһ顣
˯ϤĴСоص˼һ¾˯ȥˡ
糿ȥѧУ, С׺һʡ˼٣
족һЦȥǱ߽ѧϰһ, ٱֻһ, Ǹ֪ԼϱͶҼ١
ȥѧУһֱͳСﵽ¥£һʲŻӻָ
ʹ˳Сûңΰýָͷ붼֪Ǹʲôȥˡ
ø۵ΰںһʳУŵ·϶סضӳò, ˵ʲôسǵСְ
ΰ֪һʽ£źһʹؾصɽװΰмЦĴôûضӳͷˣͱ˼Сˡ
һʱȳС꣬ǸСᣬ˵ӳλЩζ
ޱҲȷʵ˼˿׷һЩһֱŸͶǿҲرͷŵӰǼ£۵ƣ࣬ҲŽѾ
ϱԲ㣬ֻǡһʻ˵ţͻȻһԱߵʯʨס
Ա߻عѧ׷˼ΪлѧУҲ硣
ҪôƤȥҿɲ֤ʲô³һϱͨ죬֡
һȺСֵĴѧһʴȥѧУ
硱ر˹Ŵޡôˡ
Сû뿪ôãһӼ˺һͱﲻסˡ
㡱һϵ緹û
ȻԹˣǴģҲҪԡرùӡ磬ɩˣ
š
ߣҾ֪رЩԴסǴҪҳ緹ҪȻһġ
ţ緹һʿ˿ӣ˺ܶࡰǲѧУԵòãôˡ
ҡ

ر˵Լڼʣӳе
һеòУƵ
ش硱ӳϵЩµغ˼¿ǼһʴܵģһһѼµ֪ˡ
ͣ
һϻͷӡͺˣ
ûСرӳе۹ⶼǴź⡰֪ҵѧУңҲˣҸû˵
ҡ͵ӳͻȻͱһһȭᵹ˵ϣ¥¼Ůŵý˳
СźһʺһȥѧУʳóֻ˺ܾöûˡ
ò黨ǲݰɡΰƮƮ·̲ס䡣
̲˵ĳСһȥΰ6ݵ¥ˤȥˤڰϼŮǰ
ѽСڳ밲ǡŮЦ
ΰϲСЩѧ³ˣƲˡԼǹ˼ͥƽúܡ
ЩĸϻҿԺ˭ȢΰӣЩЦŮƿڴĳСΰȴǲҲЩ᲻
ͬ־˼벻԰ƲŮҪȥ˵˵ŮΧסΰοΡ
ԼԶԼϹСƹΰӵķɱȥ
ôŻأһΪˡ
ȷʵ˵¡һʺһȥʳáӳУѧУʦȥѯ˺һͨ
ȥѧУˣ
šһЩơǱҲ¶
СԥһʵӳУرʲôӦ
ϱôһѣһҲӦˡ
˭СЦСˣԹء
һʳ̾һˣȥԷ
ԼӣЩҼҵģǲס
áһͻȻ§ųСĵ
Ŷ
ҲЩˡһʿ˿ϱϵ
ϵСü
һ˵ֵͷڳССˣå˼ϻϣϵ
ţ䡱СﻶһСˮӣһ˿ȥǱСߵһˮ飬˴ֵسʳȥ
һȥˣ79ף쵼޵ĺһʽӵƬѪӳԱ
ƾʲôȥһѧҲӰҺܲ
Ƭ߻ǺһģصĻ豸С·ߵķӳԱǷǵȫ飬ӰƬּڼЩΪԱǱΪȺڴȥֵķӳԱǣҲϣܼǵȺɰͬ־ǡ
һ߻ЩƬϾͬˡкܶӳԱ֪һҪһӳԱĹƬԺһʹĿ࿴
˵ϺˣôһëͷСӽϾء쵼ԱȰš
ҾͲҿɲСӲϺҪ˵ҪҲҪ׼Ǹ¼Ƭ
뷨Ӧȥԡ˼ͷˣЩˡʲôʲô鲻һ۵ģ˼ʱ»ûɾ͡
ޡϺͳ˹棬ЩСӶʲôǼʲôǻѪ
ô֣һҪƬѾ䶨
֣ССЦгǰˣǰɳ̲ϡ
ꡱһ³СЦ̫
СźˣصҺһʣû뵽һӵϼһ
ߡſˣϺúӶ
Сأɡ
һʴϱʺáããκãϱгС
СЦһһʺ
Σϱ÷żˣŴϱҹĵطιһ¡
û⣬С϶ֲЦ㾡ܴ漸죬˵Ǽϼһͬġ
ͼλ쵼˵Ц˼䣬һʴųСȥʡǵƬ
ʱ족С̲סп
ԼʱΪԼһȥû뵽һξͼȥˡ
ϧһֱࡱһ§ϱ¥Ҫһֱһͺˡ
Ҳû취£ҵҪҲԼѧҵҵСǰԤ롰ɱҴѧҵ˻ߣҶ鲻Ϊ˴ڼƿǸɨĸˣҪȥܶȥ緢ⷢȡ
һæ֡ԩˣҴû뷨
ߡС䶣
䣬һʴϱι۳ļȥˡ
ûǾСصϱһ̾СôõĺӣôȢô׵һء
ʲôʲôǣǹߵģһүм񽲾ɣʲôɻɶɡӴιЩŮӹߵòˡҶҪôϱ۸ҵðϳš
˲ôۣСˣ˷ܵضųĻоء


 66 

ιƬĸ, С̾ѡչ죬ǰһ𵱷ӳԱʱСƬֱܱȡ
ڻµٶҲ죬ȥѧϰ֪ʶ˽ѾˡһʴųСȥ˳ʳá
, ϱ⡱
ϱӴСǰ䡱̶Ҩ˰⣬ֱСòá
ضӳ˧, ܵﶼϲС˸ٵĽš
ҲǶӳˣôб˻ᡱһʰԼĴȸ˳С, Լִ˼⡣
ҰҲôϲҲкܶƲҡһұ߿˿, ָһӡȷ˵Ǹ, ;Ҳ硱
Ϊʲô
һҡͷдθﵥ˽ףЩû
Ҳ²°ǲЩŮûˣСNɪ
һʱЦ˵, ֻҪԼ˵Щҫζˡ
ӾĬ, СٿǸ, ܲ´綼ˣҪǲ
ͷĻð͹⣬ҷɴĺԼôԶܿ壬ҿһһʱʱȥļ

˵ôһλ, ҶҪҳ˧ֻʰԼġЩȻò˵㵫ǻʰ, ξǳ˧Ҳ, ЩȲ˧ֲʰԼҲҪС￴ŸɾĺһЦҵõһˡ
ĸ˵Ļһ롰˿ȷʵͦ˧ģʰԼ
Сһʧʵ˵⻰ǰĸףе衣
ôˣӸոճԷʼ鲻áʳ, һʾͼϱһֱͷɥġ
ЩˡǸԼļҡ
۵ľСŮСʱĸ׾ͲñķĸԼԼ͸ҲĸҲվԼһ߽ɷתԼ
ҪңͻȥһżپƵǶڱԹ㲻ˡһЦɩ˴ֶŮƯˡ
԰ҡСҲ棬ֶŮĳֶŮճ͸ƬǰһʱּһƬԽԽСˡ
˵˾ˣֶŮĸƢҲ˵Ƣһһ
źãƢĹﶼǰԼĺùС۾źһȥͷ컹ûڣȥЩȥ
죬ţСŴ󵶶ͷӲϲԷ⣬㻹ǵţⲻǴҲ
´šвϲԷģҴûмˡ
ôõĶ˭Էɻǳʶ
ˣҲ͵ӻӰɡţС
ôһ˵´ЩûסƢԽԽ󣬻ܸӡ
֣裬ǻС˻ûѾˡ
´һŵøϽķ³⡣
ŵţСЦûϢ
豧Сһ¾ͱ˴ֶŮӰװ۵Ѿʼѧ·ˡ
ź̲סףСúһʰѴó
裬ﲻæɡ
æСؾţϾͺˡԴæȥ˲ˡ
ڻ٣ȥϹˣ˶ڼæ
`du~СﶺСû⺢Ӿ˯ˡ
Ưһʲܿ˶ö⺢ӺÿԱЩӵĺӣֶŮֱʹ
ǣҡ
٣㿴ӡţСɻ˵ôϲôԼȥҽԺ
ˣΪء´ĵؿЦÿĲõӡҲ֪ǻ᲻Ϊ¶ˡ
˵׼涼˵ǲµţСЩ˵ڡȥͷһҲá
ټһЩĸ˺Ӳúֱӵģܼ˵˲Ҫӵġ
ȰԸ⡱
˼ҵĺȷʵҲЩģ˵˼ĸֹֻǺҪѰĸ֮ҲйڡţСͬųС̫ˡ
ܵͬĿĳС̧ͷ˿ܾڱ
GҿôϲҪȥһС￴ôɰֶŮͻȻһҲõ뷨
һҡͷòԼԺҲᣬ˰ɣ۸ҿͦõģûкҲÿġ
ҲУ뱧˻ؼҿⱦֶŮСС˯ŵֶŮף̫⺢ˡ
Ų˹ţСС⻰ϵЦ⵲סûЩõĶҪĲҪӣƲԺ󻹲ӵģ
̫ˣȥһѵ
˵öԡСû飬һʰźӵԴҪӡ
ѽ֪㵱ҲСһһ߱źȥ˴ɩ
Դ쿴ţС̲סɵЦĲ֪ϱ뷨ȶϱصͷһ١ˣԼнžͱű˵ĶԼãҪҪˣģ
´ż̡ɱԩˡ
ߣԴһ˦Ĩȥˮˡ
ԺŮһھͷľ˹ˮⲻԴֿӹ͵ˮˡ
˵Ҳ̫ˣһ˶
ӱҲͰˮСߡ
裬ôԽԽˣ˵ֳӷ˴ƣ
ЩĴҲܴϻɫްȴǽŵײһ˫ĲЬϴǱĲ£Ŷ䡣
˼ͷģĻ֪ĸԴʱҲġ־ɣ־Ĳ̣û򾮵˼ҶԶȪˮˮȣһϹͷˣűҲȷʵ
ҪСˣ㾮¸ʲôҩ鼼ҲУСı˺˶û˵ȥСѵ
ԴͻȻؿЩĻšôˡ
һҲϱһҪö˼ǿھԵʣ
СһûСûһϧ֮ġ
ԭ޵ֳϼҾûһӣӾͿԭϹ׬ǮءȢԭҲȢһūǸū
¼û취ŮѾ޴ˣֻˡ
ų¼ʱʱؾȥӼӣⲻû˳Ӽüֳĸӡôһ룬൱ǳ¼ҸֳϼҾ׼ƶˡ
ԭҲͼֳĸһģ¼ҸˣһڱԼ׵ϲġ
֣СԼûаͬĵġ
Ӵôһ˵ԺɲˮˡԴһĴȣԺغţӹǼҵľˮ


 67 

, Ѽ⣬صظơġӲͣһвˡ
Ҫʡǹʱ򻹻زˣǹҲԷ
ҪﱸĵӰ, ƹ겻ܻءһʿһҡ˵߹ꣿ
¶ҲûʲôˡϨ̾ǺŮԼŪ, Ǽֵģ
֮ǰһ޾͵Ů, һʻϺǱ߾ûʲôˡ
һȥʡǴгϢˣһ˼ˡ
˸ңһʺϵĹĸҲûô׽ˡֻǱϾһһЩ, ԺһҲĲ
ԶԶ, ˵Щĵ¶ˡЦǼҺСҪĵӰˣǴ°
ǵݻǱءС̲סҫ±ӶԼдġ
ģǺͻôһȤʲôʱǲܿ
СҲ, ĵӰѵʱӦòôáеĵӰĳ, еĵӰӿӳ¾ܸ㶨
Աûȷ, һʵԼϱʵдķӳԱ·̡
С￴ôڵģŲµΪԭ͡
ιҪΪԭͣɵ֧ҷõġСЦ
ð, ʱҵĹʸһ롱
СڿЦ˵Ӱ, Ǳ߻⻰ϰüŪۡ
ʰʱ, ϰ˹ȥƣ㿴һ⺢Ӹ׬Ǯֻ𻨾ͳɣʲôҲ˵, ϴ²ҲˣҲȢڼÿģ
ʲôϴµûʲôǲСôġ˵ǵô£һʲСﲻҪȥʣһҲÿڡ
ɣȥʣһˡ 
£һҪˣͺͳСҲɣһһ⺢ôҼҵġ
ҪǳСﲻ
¼ңԴ͸Ǽӣͷ˴¡
찡ŮĶвѽЩֻ
ԴӳС޸˺һʣ¼ҵӾͺù࣬ˮôƽ⣿
ޣ˵ʲôءԴҶӺҶϱҹŮôͲˣ
أ㲻֪ɣǸմ߻ʱ·ǼңǼҿ캰صģϸһԭѽ~~
ԭѽе˶Ӳ̣
һһͣԴȥˡҴЩﲻµġ
һϲֱۣ֡ҺҶӵûȢⲻµĸҪȻҼּҾҪˡ
ӣźǼһľˮ㲻жҲͰˣСǺ֣Ӳ㡱ţСźӳ
Ҷ׬ǮԺȥȢÿĹӴӲԸ˵ӲТ˳ڳվ˽Ÿ帣ȥˡ
ޣЦֳϺϱΣ磬ΪĹε˻Т˳㣿
ţСˣСŮȻ˵ʮǵҪѼӵŵڵһ
ԺۼҵˮȡԴһѽӵˮͰ˳ȥ
ڼҿúӣȥǼҴ¡
裬ȥܴʲô˼ΪСﲻӵأȥҲҡ
ҹŮôôӴԴ쵹ڵϴޡӹŮ˲ӣм³ģԺ˭ź򣿡
⻰òҪСˣȻҪ㳳ţСһȰһ߶Żĺӡ
Ůˣƽ㻹ãͿǰɣԴһûţСôͲ̹
˭˭ˣţСźӽúۡ
磬ƣߵĳС˳¼ҡ
ôԴæӭȥ
֪ˣ
ϻ˵ǵĳȫ綼ЩϷĸܹ˵֪ܲ´ƽʱͦõһˣû뵽Ϊ˺ӵҲô
ǲ˵ˣҪǵԼϣܱǸ
ôǲǺһʰϻˣҾ֪˰վŲġԴ찦̾
ûе£ҪҪģһʺͱȥȰˣϿҹķͻֶŮС궳ֶ֡Ůء
СѾͷ￩ЦСȥԭѾͷԼƯСݡ
ⶫҪñӴ򡱳Сʾôߡ
GţСɷҾϷ
ʲôϷ
ûرϲ۹ŮѽôгϢԺ϶ڳˡûӣԺ϶ܶİ۹Ů
ǲرǱ߻Сڿ϶ǶԺرĺӺá
״磬ȻǸϲĺӡţСҲϲռ˱ˣʳҲúӣԺ۹ŮùŮϲ͵ˣ
´û˵û
㲻˵˵ţСûõˣȥ˷˽˹裬ӣмºǿвС
Ǿͳ˵϶СԺϵ⣬ҪⲻһŮԺҹŮСϣ˭ֶܱŮأ
ԴͳһĥȷʵԼԺŮߵ⡣
ǲ̰СǮ㡱Դ컹ǲġ
裬СҼ޹ôҲӦ֪ʲôˡţС̯֡Ǹʵˣʲô˵ʲôСԺֶŮѧҵҵϰ֣Ժ⺢Ӹϣǿô
СﱧźӲ˵ɲϵ⡣ЩȥҲǾͦȤġ
ҪѺӸСԺֶŮ׹Ů
ţСЩ⣬᲻⻳̥ʮĺӣϸ룬ţСһĴȡɣԺ϶ҪƴӵģŮҲɣӻõġ
ҲˣҺͺһʲҪһǵСͻȻ졣
ô᲻ҪءԴѳСһߡ˵ҲɩӣҺȥˣһǱܿסŮ˽ȥˡʱʲôҲûУٲҪɩæ˲ֶܶŮҲֲܴǣ
裬ǸĸŮûǮÿףԼǮ㵽ʱһʰҸ˦ˣǮҾͲ¡СЦ裬ҴСȷʵҺãڵæҴһ߸ɻһߴҡ
ҺʹĸԲ˵˻Һʹˣкӣеķ϶ˣԺ¶˵׼ġСĸסԼԼͱˡ
аС￴⺢ӡҺͺһһϲúÿִĺӣԺֶŮϲҺͺһʰҲǲС
ŮرŮϱ͸ЩСﵱȻԸֶŮȻˣǰ⺢˼벻Ҫˡ
ֶŮ˺ܾãСȥһˡ
رɩŸɹӳԡ
һѹȥԼһڱ˫ڷȥ
ôˣ
ҪȥӡһʳĬúʵ
תˣСϱҵ˵Ҫǳˣ˵Ҫӣ㵹Լ벻롱
ⲻ˵Ҫһʲôʲôϱ˵ȥһ
ҪǺҪܲܰŪˣҪȥҪϱǲǵðȢһ
ôڳ£˵ӵ¡һЩͷۣιȥˣ˵¼ҵƭƭ飬Ҫ顣
廨СչͱԼҲôûİϸһһȥӡҲø
ϧС£һʲҪӣֻΪѹȥҪӡóСʧϹǰǸо˼ĺһȫһ
˶ԶԷϧ˶ԷΪʲôô


 68 

ɩ, ش𡱶μʯӳڶһ˺ؼңֻؼЩԾ
£һţҪȥʡ, Ǽô£׼ȥ, Ѿ˸쵼š
ش磬˵ĳ¶ûȥ˷̸
˵ɵ£һʵͷԼ˵, ＾ʱջʳǰܺ͡
ǩ״ɵ, ԼֵǿԼаšոʳʱ, Ǳ˵ĺü
μʯ۷Ź⡰ҲвУ
аСͻȻšİɣӦͻЩ, ԼСĵС
ûǴ, 80λ쵼ڴϳ˰ɵ, 82ʽ̨˼ͥаơ
ڹ缯ɻⲻЩ͵ûԵģҪǿжԼȻԸߡ
黹û׷ſ, Ļǲ, ҪСЩһûС, ȻڲӳˣǶԱǵҲܹġЧ·ǸĶӳǩ״Ҫʲô¶ԼǴӵ, ʲô۶ӡ
ϡμʯļˣһֱûӣشҲû⣬ͷˡ
߳չķ䣬μʯͼرˮͰ
Ұᡱμʯǰȥһѡ
ллرЩΣǰͺͶμʯѸ˵ˣ֮˾ûô˵
μʯԼ֪Լ䲻ϺرҲͲΡ
㵽ôܲ˵仰һڷȥЩķ
쳳ܺ󣬳Сһֶûٺ˵
СﵹڴϿС飬һʵķաһⷳմû¡
֮󣬿ʵ̫ɥСû¶ǶĹϵƽ⡣˵Сӱѹ⣬һˣͱ˵ʲôĸѹˣûѹ
ʲô˲˵ģ˵ú˵һʼС˵ˣԼ̬ҲЩ
һҶ̬ȹˡСѾܾûйȫˡɢһ˰ƽ˳˵ʡ
ֿʼս˻಻˵һʶЩȥ׼ࡣ
硱رɻûͺã
СӼҼҵģ¡
ҿɲСˡرЦڳЩʲôˣСôҲܳ
һʲ
磬ҿĲԡرʹʹڳ̸ġ㶼ôˣԼö˵ʲôѹǽڡ
ôֲûҪиô˵ùȥһʡһûȼ˲̡
ûһ⣬ΪҪҪв㣬в㣬Ժô죿ˣ˶вأԶˣɩ˵ģǿǿܴﵽƽġ
һ߳Сڴ˼ⶫҲһĹϵһҪѹ˵Ķ磬˲ġȻˣǽʲôʲôСżòúһʿĿġ
ںرǿҪ£˰ѻ˵ˡֵǼңۿҪСӣˣһдϢˣٹ꣬վȽŸֻķ֡
СﻰһתҪˣǾʲôûˡԺ󲻹ǺһǺŮһԺȫТ˳ĿɾǱŮ˵ˣȷԼҪ
⻰ЧͻȻ뵽һʰѼõĶȥТ˳ǸԴ죬붼ܵý
ǣЩһˡСŹǷЩ
ʰö׼ȥʡ׼ĵӰ¶
ȵȣҴȥˡسǣСźһҵһ̯ӡ
һһǸС̯ӣԼС顣
үǵҲСҫڴүǰˡ
㣿үϸ룬ͻȻӦˡ֪㣬ǰС飬Ӱÿ
ΧҲӡ󡰺˵СѾͷĶǸӳӵĶԱ
СѾͷ󣿻ӳԱءүһۺһʣСͦģ̫һһ۵ˡЩӡ󣬹ԼС顣
үӻڵӰԺСЦ
ǣҶӿгϢˡүЦòá
СﳶźһҫҶɲʲôӳԱˣʡǹƬȻǸСɲɣҪĵӰˡ
ĵӰģΧΧ˹ҪЩСĹ𣿡
ȥȥȥǼеĶӣǣСû
һĳСźЩ׼һӳԱĹ¡
Ҳˣϱҫġ
ү˰ɣҶҪķӳԱĹ¡СצҫһͨǴүò˵
һųСȥˡһүôʲô
㲻֪ǰʱţʱҾ˵һӸгϢСͷȻԽԽгϢˡ
ҲгϢϴѧˡһû뵽ϱôΪίˣҲԡ
ϹεģС͵͵ǣ֡´οɱˣҪȻҳ㡱
Сͬ־ұ֤һ͵ظϱһ
Ÿշźû죬ûѧʱ򣬳СںһԱ߿
׼˭ݣȻԼΪԭдЩӳԱĹ£Сܺһ׼˭
һЩᡰʵ쵼ͨƬ֮ǰҾҺ˼ؼɫİߣسǰ¹ķӳԱŮǻû˭˵ҵǱѡԱ
СͻȻ⡰Ҫݣ
ʲôһϾܾУҲС
һϰ˵쵼ϰ˵ָߣȥݣʶؾ;ܾˡ
㲻ݣȥҪұѡˣͿҺͱҰɡСģسǵƬ£ֻùѡŮӦû⡣
һϷƬģҲͬ㵱Ů
Ҫȥ쵼ҲҺʡ
ôôȷԼʺءһƤҵĻ񰡡
ѽֲרҵԱԵֵˣԡСҲͻȻ£Ƭľ籾ǺһдģҷӳԱĹ±ǺһԼΪԭдٺʲ
ôСǵСɲˣʼƲԱĹˣƲ𵱷ӳԱ
ûе£һϷϣǧǰݽǲϰ߳ӰƬӲҪݵĻȥѡҲһ˵㣬ѡ˾ݣѡϾˡ
УҪѡҾԹԡСܿġðҪܲݣǵĶ֮
֮
ʣһصͷ뻹


 69 

ϸ״60ʼһӳԱ, һֱ˲ܶˣϸź¡
Ը׵ְҵΪ٣», 齨˷޷ӳӣڸڸС·, ΪΪԱǷ
гаӡŰӡеӰìܡ
ѹ, ޶ŶݹȰȥ
Ϻɽ·Զ޷ӳԸѵӰ͵Աǵ, Ǵȥ֡
̨ϺһڶƬ٩٩̸, СÿҪ˯šֿƻƬֲƬĳСԺһʵĹƬ籾һ㶼ðΧЩԱҪݵĹӯ
ۣС￴̨ϺһʳԼڴ, ָܵơ
سƬ, Ҫĳء
СءسƬ쵼ǹͺһʴк
, ҰСǴкΣ״̬̫˵㡱
ɲǣһ˵Ҫھ͵˺ü⡱û, Сǰ﹤ʱֵóﲻ, ΪҪ, û뵽ʱ䣬ֿѾͷˡ
ȥʡѵҾ֪һΪпСس⼸ȥ˲ˣܱʡǿֻһ˵ǶΪԺ
ûг, ҲûҵĽ족һʺܸмЩ쵼Ŀ϶
ҵСѾͷ˭֪ͻȻͲȥˡοϧڸʲô
С̾ûʲôΪǻָ߿꿼˴ѧѡ
㿴СѾͷ˵ôˡصͷ⻹࣬Ϊ˲ţȻ㿼ϴѧˣԺҲҪΪףɱѧһЩǣΧŶѳ࣡
˵ؿۣŮˣΪԼΪŮΪ׷ⷢȵʱ򡣳ŮķӳԱ٣Ϥ˺ü꣬һĻؼźϹȥˣôҲѧʶĹǣ˼Ǻͷ⽨ĸŮһ
ͷİɣôһˡСЦԺұҵ׬ǮСƬͶʣ
һʱһ£ôسΨһƬô˵˼Сء
úúã͵ЦҪǱҵҲҲӭ
֪רƲŰ䣬רƴһȵĴѧһǲġ
СƲ죬سƬСԼ˵ʵѣ⳧ԼҲǿЦ
֮ǰҪҵ˶Һˣܷ˾УͿԿһ˵һĴɽӵȵȣˡ
İɣﶼЭˣһǵĹ
һȺ˴кѾ׼ˡ
Ҹ㻯ױСȾĻױʦҪɣ¾ͽһʸֲˡ
ԼͿͿĨĨ˼£ʱһ绪ïĴѧһֲֺڵС
СǾ籾ŮֻҪɫݾУǺһʡԵݡæýŲմء
ͷ꣬СûԼϷˣ˳ȥ½Ƭһ顣
Դְ󣬾ûͦġ
󣿡СͻȻһˡ
һʱ֮仹ûϳС˰βú㰡
ˣСᱧźӺͳСкţСͳɡ
áСŷȽȳˡϹȡ
ȥСɽӳӰʱɽ·ˤⲻȳˡССԼƬ
СѲڡͦóԵġ
ǣҼ洫طǴɵĴƬҪǾúóԣСֽһƬ͸С
ϹɻһźæҲ֡Сһŵ
ֽŲ֪ķţҵضڵϡ
ǰúһʵвСﻻȡȥʡѧϰʡǼʶ˴棬û뵽ûС
ۿһ·ԽԽ㣬ҲˣؼֵӳԱ
û뵽Ǵɽ·ˤȥҼһ
쵼ϷƬΧĵط̯
û뵽ֿ˳С޹⡣
ͬ£һһ£޲ȥ
ССᱳϱŵС޴ĶǴ˸ƾްİһƬ5ֽҡ
Ů˲ҪСЦٸҰＸƬǶϲġ
ϲĺһʱС˺üŴƬԺúˮˣĳԲ
С
GǺ˶ࡱСպ5Ǯ޶·ǮŸ龫źȺòá
޶ֻҧָͷЦ
㲻˰ɣܶ˶ţˡֺǺǵʡţһƿҪһǰ˷Ǯ֡
ƨ࣡СʲôҲﵱҪ˸ʲôģȥһʡ˲ˣ
󲻿
֪ȥʡǣ㲻㲻ȢţҸ㣬ȢһϻˡСýıҲԼʲôС
һͨڵϲһֱ׼̯ȥˣӿһʳСͻȻͻˡ
µźӵһ£ֽϼƬѳС˿ллչ⣬ҲûʲôöЩ°ɡ
ŶСûʲôչǵ⣬ǿǸСӵϡ
ˡסǰֵܷ룬ϣǾĽʡ
˵˵óСȥʡѧϰĻ¡¾ͺڣҪǺ˵㿼ϴѧˣҲͻСѾͷҵҸ⡱
⼸꾭ȳֽ£ÿÿ¾ͺڵúܡ
ŶСûʲôӦ´αź˾ͳɣҾˡ
ɲԭȻˣҲޣ޸С
СżƬ˳ȥһӾͿ͵ĺһʡ
ѽСߡȥ¹Ӱɡ
šһЩʣΪϱ˴û˻ܣû뵽Ȼô¡
Ժôˡһ˷ﻹѵСأҪԼԼ
Сô߶ֶŶ䣬ֱ˶ˣ˻ѵ
˲˲ˡСӡضӳǵ쵼ˣʼѵˣ
һһ±죬̫໰˵ֲ˵
С﷭˸ۣ˾㲻ãǰӳЩϲ쵼¡ϲѵ˷ӳӶӳٵʡǵСɲԽԽϲѵˡ
Ŷʮͣ˵ϹŰƵģٸ҆£Сҳ㣡Сܱ
һʷʡ˼롰ôϣ
㳤ϣ˵ɣСһӻ𡰲Ҳ⣬㹤ķΧ
ţǴѧãǴѧﶼЩഺлѧҿ϶Ȳһ˵˵ЩԴס
ҲһЩѧλĿɷˡС˵ԡλһģǰҽλᣬҲԸ⣬һֱҡ
Сҡҡͷǲ֪ѧУЩλģ˵СɲҪѧĵƷһ㶼ûС
һǿסĵ²ۣԼϱҲûȥ


 70 

ֱѧǰ, СߵѾȫɡ
ôԱҲûôܣ𡱳С
һҡҡͷξ͹ˣӰ, ĵӰҲϲ
~С׼ѧУúùɡ
㡱һץϱ´ʱ䣬ֺ, ͵͵ǣСȥ˻վ
ǮƱ·, ѧУҪʡԵģˡرҪ⣬һ͵͵, óСһ¡
˵Ե, ҪҶ⣬ҵ׸˭ģС
ҲҪˡһЦ
ѽСͻȻһҪ¡Ǻͱ˵ˡ
˵һȥǣԼɫѰˡ
һʱȳСﻹҪ, , ʱæŵϷæźϱദ, ȥˡ
GǸǱ˳վС￴Ǳߴŵо׵ĺرԱʡľȻǶμʯ
ôģϲӳлǶμʯСп֡
ش硱μʯҲߵޡɩӡ
, ɩرǵЩڵתȥ
ɩ, Һͱ˵仰һӵһԵӺͷ˵㵽ô£
ʲôô£رôҲЩ
, 㲻һֱںӳо壿μʯô£һʵӳʱ򣬶μʯұۣ˾ֵһԼô˼Сӡ
ԼҪҡرЩ㣬ٿ粻õĿ, Դɩ˵ˣҪŲȼֻദѡʵһ־С
߹ĳСŲһ£ЩȷʵԼ˵Ļ
εؿϹԼͶĿ⣬Сﲻ˼ĸЦ˼ദѡûϵӳԲ̫Уμʯĺֵܣö˼ǡ
˼һʿ챻ŮŪˡڴˣҲҵĻӳôҲܲ㣬Ƕμʯͱˡ
رػöμʯǸõȫŲӳС
㡱һǣϱһԡôģ
ֲ˵ˣô˻ôѾ˺ʱ˼ԼǵáСöǴԵʣкرҲûͶμʯ
ҲҪͬʱദúѡһʱ濴ϱ
ܰ㣬ɫĳС׼ˡҪվˣټ
ɩŽվĺرͷ˿ֵĶμʯͻȻЩ᲻á
رѷֵСЩ飬ѵԼԵʣرŮӳһԡŮҪ˵ĻСܸоԼ顣

೤¶㱨ǰֱ۷ˡ
ڴǰʮһ͵Ĵѧ֪ʲôҿۼۼʲôĸ¶ں
вһǿ˼Щѧڷ˼Լòãץطʡ
СܳȥһǱһѧѧλ㡣
Լܾλ֮˾»Ұһ겻ɢһֱ鷳
Ҫж󣬳СﶼŮǲǿԼ⹫һ֦ˡ
ǰϵı⣿Сסλѧѧǡ
ûͶĻԣ˼ڿţ೤Ҳúú÷ʡԼϵźüѧѵ˳С
дôͬѧţСҪǲ೤ӻҪҪˣ
˵Щλеƨ²Сָָһɨ㶼֪ôõ˾Һ̸ʲôͶԣ֪Ͷզд𣿡
ǣǰ೤ͶɻһѺֵ֣ӳԱùͶ൱ĺáŮһԴǻ
೤㻹ù⻰ʱȻ𾴡
ֵһᡱСǫذڰ֡
G˵һɨ㶼֪ôõģȻ೤ͶˣЦЦ¶յСʹɫϸС硣
ʲôͽ
ϼѧ׷׶µ
㣡㱻Сǰѧ첱Ӵ֡
˵˼뿪ŵ⣬ҵʺڰ屨ϵıľ˼뿪ˣѧУǶᳫ˼룬ôԽԽȥˣСۿſϿˣֱָһλѷָҲˣҪȻҾȥ˵˵
ʶһ೤˵æѿ۵ķּ˻ȥ
ƣֱµŸ߸Ьˡ
ҿ죬ԽԽ˵˰ԶϿϷһϵĽڽйСҺ˵ȥѵӢ£㿼ǵô
ʦûǮѧӢСܾˣϰѹҪ˵һʮһͳεС꣬Ӣ˵߯ãòš
Ҷ˵˶ٱˣһѧϵʦһϿ㣬ϣǮ£㲻ǽµϹҪ
ʦҶѧûȤұҵ˾⡱
õȵҵβͿ԰˵ĹӪҵִˣʱȥ
־׬Ǯ⣬ѧǰѧĳС²Ȥ
ӲɽҲʦ̾
ʮУг״ԪʦͱˡС˵žˣýڱš
80ڼ䣬СϹġ֮ʽʡӳ
صҵĳСӵһŷķӳӳ
ڷһϵ˼󣬳Сǰһ̡壬⽲ӰĹҰɡ
Ѿͷɵĵ㰡͵͵Ⱥ̡
ӰݵģٺʲͷİɡСæŪŷӳʼŵӰ
ضӳˣΧԱһ󺰣˿ϤĺһʳڵӰ棬ִЦ
Ҷ̫ϤضӳˣϤڵӰ֣ò˼
ҳˣ쿴СǱİֳͺһСϡ
Сͬ־ڵӰôһŴǷ׷Ц
G˷ܵĳСϸһɲǡ
ɩӣӰôĵģ̫ˡرЦ㿴涼ûʲô仯
Ȼһ˧úܣԼҪôϵĹⲻҪôŴϻױ
һʱС׹ˡ
˵Ǹĺһʹģ˵ѧ֪ʶˡ
һֱӰĳСֻ۾ֱֱӫĻ޲ðĺһʸʬ
ȥسǵΧڿԺ⣬ֻû
ԣȥسǾ͵·
۵𾢣תȥ˲ᣬǰ˵ǷӳԱã˭֪ǵ
κһȤĹƬʽչʾ˷ӳԱǵ״̬ڹӳԱȻ𾴵Ķ


 71 

ΪӰ, СѺһʸҳѵһ٣κһȥسˣץˡ
°꿪ѧСյ˺һʼļš
ڸһ¼Ƭ, ӰӳµķܲܿҪڸӳ, ǱӦҲܿ˰ɡ
һʻ֪ԼϱѾ˵Ӱ¡
˵ôʰ㡱Сֵ, Լôò绨ڵӰ˵˳˹֣ôˣ
ÿŶ𿪿, ֱһš
Դ, ǰʱʱؾţûˣд뿪, ʶ˲, ȥ, 뵽һֱͨŵĳС
¶ͻȻ̾ġ೤ûô찡
˵ѧУ±ҵһѧкܶûģеĹĸĸΪ˺йǰ, ѹúӶˡ
ЩĸûҲ֪Ҫô, ѵֻȥ
Ҫٴɼٺõ, ȥרˡ¶Щһҵͷ乤Ｕʵý
׼ʱ⡱С֪ǷǶҵƶȣѧԼȥҹû˻Ҫġ
Ŷ¶ð೤˵һ;òס
ˣҰҵǲǲʱ
԰, Ҳ׼ˣһ¶׼רΪҵ׼ʱ̫ˣǼ¡
λţ˽ȥСţʼдǡ
ԾԼǷһЩкһʱηǰľһʳԼϹǱͲ̫ã»һ³ȥǰľ
СǲܰԼϹóȥģǽܹʲôĶܼ֮¡
С߻ڿ£ǱߺرѾʼѧˡ
ȥȥöʶʶҲ޷Ǳ߽ҲһСֺ֧رľ
ʮǳȵʱкرҪΪ⻳е⣬ĳɼҲǿԱѧġ
ţҶˣʱȥ˹һߴһѡرСǿһȥ⡱
ҾˣҲȥСǵ˶ӣƶǿ˹ķͲعˣӶŮҪıȱȽǡȻҲвŮڹⲻԸٻ
ѧµóСһˣǾеŮΰѩ
Ǻΰѩӳ÷ȻҪʹӣкΰѩԺرͥյĹд˾ٱš
رܼͥ򵥸ûʲô⣬ʱһԾǸӳֻǺΰѩͺرӽʱر˵ûǵİģǺؼҲн졣
¾ͱΰѩסˣ̶ԺرĴһʵӳɡ
д˳ȥʱĺһʺǶˣر߰չѧͱǳˡ
ΰѩرһʱرͻȻУŵĺرѧص¡
ͬһѧУĺΰѩԷѳ͹ɳȥӳһڹ塣
ͬʱһҲûӳˣȥӳˡ
ҲʱһѾǰһ⣬һˣǰĶҲ˺һʵϡ
ӳлھءС￴ر
Сﲻںرĸ⣬ºΰѩʲôȥһʡ
һʵֻǸӳְЩ˲ٳɾͣʱһʺȻûʲô⣬ܴ˲٣˺һ
һʲӳˣʡƬһСɲΰѩҪʹӣһʹƵ鷳
ûرӳоͷи÷أһĻڡ
ǳԴˣСӵļ򣬵ʱմԽŶȼһõģԼһʾͱˡӵþ裬ӳУҽŶμʯһǼǮĸһǿԼӳѡĸǶǲԵ
ûرЩ˼ɩӣ᲻˲̫á
ʲôǰ׷Сʱһϲüء
ʲô
ûʲôСԥͬʱϲⲻ⣬ӳܷܲ
Ϊʲô
Ҿ̫ʺ㡱Сºرߴ̼˺ΰѩӰ쵽һʵǰ̡㲻˵һ𶼶Բǡ
СЩ˵ˣȥĺǺرӳеĵ㡣
Ҳ֪رͻȻѹСɷס
¶͵ڱ̾˵ģΪʲôǾûжء
˼ǰ೤ӣ˵¶ģټϳúÿ£ʲô
ͬѧںЩǺúúǮʲô˾Ե֣Ҳں
ҲôοԼΰͰϵļͻȻð
ޣҪˣҳ¶һӵҲҪŮ׷Щ
ӳһƬӣϵ֯ĩۿ´񡰻ÿ๫ѧ£೤ӽ
Ըһͨס뿪ĳС˵㲻ȥѧ
Ȥ
ŶûǮɡЦأȥѧҲû㰲ţҵֻ֮ԾɻͶȥˡ
㣬Ͷ٣Ͷ١һСѧԱЦ
ҲԣͺϹһúͶһڳʹġըգۣ緢
ǼƬһԱΪùŮҵܲμӹѾݰѹøŮˡ
ǣʲô˲ġ೤СʹҰֳʱģ㲻ҿԽȥ
áСη塣
ŵӰˣӰһСǰ֯ͬѧڹ̶¡
೤ʲô
ѪӳԱСûȫͬѧܿڵӰˡ
Gôôһİ೤СɣƬϵͬѧǰάĳС￴ȥ
ʶǰ೤Ϲ¶Цȫûʶ೤ڵӰζʲô
ֱ̨µ˽ǿ˵Ӱе㳶ԱߵѧǸǳС

֣СôڵӰءͻȻЩõԤС
ɶҵĹӰأʱĸӵĹ£ҵ˽ȥġЦ¡
ΰܣû鿴Ӱˣżͬѧȥ˿ĵӰͻ࣬
ϸҺе֣ɻǰ೤Ķʲôţ
һʡΰһ˵˺һʵ֡
㿴ﺣдŵǺһʡλͬѧԾش󺰡೤ϹƬģ
ûȻҲ⻰ֱ£ôܣϹС𡣾ôһСԼһδεΪҪȵͷʱͱһˮ
㣬ôˣ˷ɫʮֲ촽Ҳûɫ


 72 

೤, Ƭѽ
೤̫ˡ
೤ܲȥƬѧϰ

ͻȻ֮, СϵɣߵĶ˺ڡ
೤
ͣСҶûʲô˲, Ժֻ
ٺ٣ҹûء
ɵ, ȥ
ޡС˻Сбһҵÿˡ
೤ҡ
Сȥһ, 
ӣɰСȥסѧУд, ҴȥԣѾǰǱ߳˵ˡ
鷳ˡСôףʱϣ
鷳СЩ˼, ֻҪȥҺһʰæ, ôæǿԵġ
ұȥ, Ǻһ룬ߺ̫СˣҲȾźϰԺ岻, Ҹ˷ȥǳװʱ, , ˵ʱʵ߲󲻻Ὺġ
ǳǸڶ೤æҵģǳĹˡΪ£СﻹǷ˼顣
СֶǱ߻ᾭ˷ʱ, żǷЩǣŸӵʳԡ˵ס޵⣬з˸飬ҿסĵط̫˵ĵط̫ضҲȫٵȼҪֿ⣬ҪԸĻԵʱסĲֿ棬ȽϰȫûӰ˵
ҡ˵ͳˡҲ֪ô㡱
СЩھεǸˣûԽʱúͻһʣӶʼµ
80121ţСڽϺõĵضһֿ⣬ֿ¥˽ȥСһ
ɩӣǮŪ
ġСܡ
ģĽǮرɩܽôǮôҸ磿
Լб¡Сڰ֡㲻ʲôôǮҡ
СԱߵӿֿⲻʲôٹʮҰ˸廧ӪҵִգӾ͵װ꣬뼸·ֿѻĲѾͲǱϵˡ
廧رЩɻ
ûʲôСﲻС˵©죬ǵȫһ廧Ӫҵִյ˾11գʱҲȥ졣
رƲƲ조ɱʲô¡
İɣ㻹ǵСسǵķسô
Ƿسķ˹ϵܺá
ԣǮҵġС￼ϴѧҲһֱдСṩʽԼװҵȴ򵥵
80Ϊ׬ǮҵСǵһǵӰҵһǷװȻҵС˼һǾװ
ɩôǮʱ˿ô족رʼļǷծˡ
СġСļ򡰱磬˵¡
УرƲƲ죬ʼɩǷ˾޿һӵ˵

೤ˣɲԺ˵´ĵӰϡͬѧߴߴΧڴϿĺһʡ
СȺӵͬѧð㣬㻹е
ڵӰô㻹˼ңҿƤˡСﳶźһʾߡ
ʦءһŶ
СһϽúҷɣԳСоֹܲ⣡
ϽһɣС˲ʵˣû취ϽһĩԼͲˣ²òͷ
ô䣬Ʈѩأʹô㣿Сֹͣ
~Χڴߺűߵͬѧ԰೤ôСŮе棬׷Ц
ȥСתͿʼҪˣҿǵʱܿٷ֡
˵ͬѧǵʹ׷ʵλϿѧϰ
λڴߵΰϲʱ˵ЦˣĺһԼȲ˵ġ
Сôˣͬѧΰܲ⡣
Ǹ֮ܵĲˡΰͬЦԴС֪೤ƬСɲԺ˾йƤҲҳ۰೤ǰˡ
ǣ⣬ҲԼ䲻ϡ¶ѷ׷Ц
ϸֱʵıñΰͷ˵ϲ˵ǰС˵ΪǳССĿ
ֵܣú׼԰ɣʱҪˣһͰ೤þۺɢͬҵֵܰο
ޣ۰೤ûкǾ۹ԼˡЩŮǾǿЩͬѧ飬೤ܾΣЩ˻Ϊ೤ܻӭǳҪ
㡱ͨ죬Ǿô
ͬѧô£һָָ档
ùܣҴٽȥʰǡСｫԼϵΧΧϡ㻹ûشأôͻȻˡ
ұ˾ٱˡһʼ硣
㹤ˡСؿڲţʵ͵͵ԼҪúһʸԼţҪ˶˹ɾֻӮˡ
ȥˡһЦϴεӰʤҸһ̨ף׼ҺļĻĵһһҼļ¼Ƭ
°Сܼ
ͻȻ˼ٱţˡһε
СȻ֪˭϶ǸΰѩҾ˵Ů˻ء
ΰѩ
ӳе÷ӣˡСЩġû°ɡ
û£Ӱб쵼ҡΪ˱ܷͷǰǸóȥˣΪֲҵߡ
ʡǵĹƬÿ궼ɳһֹǸȥĳףѺһȥУһֱߣϱ۾ۡ
ǼƬΡһʶϱЦɡ
ǲҪ̫ѽضӳСѧӦòӰɡ
Ҵ绰ʹˣȥѧµӰ족һЦ㻹ͦıġ
ôһɩӣôɰȻĿСû뵽һôÿһ̤̤ʵʵš
СԺһü֪Ӧøлҡ
ʲôһʲ⻰˼
ûңֻһǳСǳСϰ壬ң㿴ڲС˵е£кһʽβʱǸϰ壬ȫܱȡ
ţл㡱һһʼӳĹΪϱưǮƴ׬Ǯ
һ룬ȷʵӦøлϱΪʾл
һ˵ſϱߡϲ˰ɣסдô
ĵôԺ󣬻С䡰˯ʲôʱ˵
һʱϱ˵ﻰʱʲô˯Ҿ족
𣿿ѽСؿڡѧУٳҲа
һѧСʱ˵Ųϱ졣
ŵգСЦҲûҺÿ
ٺ٣ǣϱÿһϹȵسϴ󡰶һͷĳˣҼƽϡ
Ŵ˴ֵΰɥſλϣʲô˼ұأҲʱˡ


 73 

ִ, СÿӦԾȥֱӽԭϡ
㣬鷳ˡССȥҼʵĻ·Ĺˡ
İɣԴ绰, ô˵Ҳøˡ
СǷس򸾵ĶϱС˵ɺ, Ҳϱʱʱһۡ
С򸾲ǮԼ￪ľͳɡǲܵôųС, ޻ǶԳСЩģʱʱһҲΪ˼ලСǮ·
ֱĲֿ͵, С΢Щ, ŵƭǮġ
ҿЩ˶ǰ̯׬ǮҺǿҲǰ̯ңһͿҲ֪סСĳСǮˡ
, ҶҲ֪, Ƭ, ҪƭǮǿˣܵ˺ܲ С͵͵Ѻһʸˡ
رĺһһ⻰ˣû뵽ϱڱôֱͦ׳ġ
, ߡСȥ˲ֿ¥ϵ, ࿴Щ
İɡ
ѾǳĹ, ҲԼĴ㣬Сг׼һС򹤡
˿ӺͷԺ4̨ɷһⶼȥҰ˼ûвҪľɷһúеĶ׬мۡ
·ȫֹһ, Сھ͵ܵĹһͿʼ·
ҲԤ㲻㣬ҪȻСʮ̨һԺ
غõ̵ţС׼гȥѧУˡгǺһʱӼģС׼û뵽ղгͿ˺ؼá
Ҿ֪С￴رҾ֪̲ס硱
£Ǵ翴ʱģҡرƲ조ҲùЩ¡
˶Ǯһû뵽ϱ֪Լô¡
ٺ٣ࡱСЩ죬ӵĹײıˡǮҳ
һʿ˿ضΡúøɡ
硱رš㲻˵˵һõ׿㶼ûˣף
˵ĻһʿųСЦʵҲ׼ְ᲻ͬ⣬
Ҫְرĵ磬鸱ΣôõĹ㻹ְ
´ְɩ⻹֪ôҾٵȵȣɫٴǡ
ӰҵСְ˵ʲô뷨òλãҪǾôˣǲ̫ϧˡ
ѽɩӣȰȰرû뵽ôͿ
ԼĿǡһ߹ȥϱúһЩƣҲȥƬ⼸ҲһЩһԡ
У㣬ͷĴȥɡСЦ
ηźٳСͺһʶûлȥźرҪȥѧˣκٺرһ˻ȥˡ
λȥҾͺͶμʯסرеĴɩ֤ˣͼʯһǴСһ𳤴ԺҲһֱһ𣬵ѧҾͺ顱
СЩ⡰Ҫһ𣿡
ţҾˡرЦúܿġǷİɣġ
˺رС׼صǶ
ɩӡӳĴ˿û
ûСûɫΪСӺһʻǺΰѩٱҪǺһסӻ֪ôء
ѵϼˣӳмųС
˵ӳУæءС˻ҪǰԼʽ·
ɩӣҪǸұȥҾͰŪʮ̨һӳа
⡭СЩĶǣСľܾˡҲˡ
ֻҪкϷţҿٻ˾Ū̯λ·ӳҧҧŵȻѣҲǲܡ
ģСﲻš
ұ֤꿪ѧʱͰ¡ӳж췢ġɩӣٰң¸ôãͰһΡ
СЦˡãҿɲ̰ͼǸ̯λֻǼһƬܾ̾ˡ
Ŷˣղ˵Ƿһ¡
̯λԸɣһҲû⡱ӳЩΣû뵽Сô̰
ӳСõ˺رϢȷرĻϼˣӳܿ׼ȥ´Һر
೤Ҳ̫¶Щ
С˳¶·ոһо¶˸һ
꣬Ƕ֪ˡСﲻΪ⡰ϾҪͶμʯˣӳȥҲı䲻ʲôСһʣһҲΪ˲ٿࡱ

һ𣬶ԡСż˰ѷһһ
ô˷һµģһ°ʱͿ˺Ժķһ
Сû뵽ô磬Լûʲôءӳġ
ΪʲôһһʿΪʲôô飿
ġСﲻôϰ߶Ժһ˵ѣ˵ʱ۾ҿ
ۿźһһֱԼСֻ˵ʵ顰Ҹرϼˡ
㡱һʰѹİһţҪۡ
ڵҿϰ壬볳ܻؼҳҵӡСҲЩǲڵﳳܡ
ôһ˵һʿЦáξˣ´Ρ
ţұ֤Сʱֻչţͱˣ
ЩѾһ·ˣ׼ôһʼ˵ڷŵ·вĶһԼƵģ
š˵ڷŵģ»һЩôһ͹ˣҪȥɾҪˡ
೤ôЩˣȥ5·¶5ָͷ
㼱ʲô涼ûģҲ֪١С￴˿·ضӳ°ˣȥﵥ̯·ȥ
ڶƲЩ廧СﲻںƲ̬ȣֻΰ⣬رϵΰ⣬кһҲЩ
һŵǰͷ·Сںͷ·
֪ѼﵱֳˡС
ֳôһЦֳҰˡ
Ҵ磿
ţǶڼֳҲ˷ѣҿг˸ɻҲ㡱
Ȼ׬ǮֳСָָǰ̯ľߵġǱͣҹ۲ܾˣĹǶֵָ࣬ɾ
´¼ܰ·ڷšСڵ˼㱨ֽ·ֱӶڱֽϡ
˹ǾߺȼСĿǰ·ʺСǴģúһ˧ȥͻͺãֻһԶǮ
Щ͵·ôһ
Ȼˣó̯Ĵ󲿷ֶǱ˻㿴ŲһĿԺǽǵĵ̡СӿڴóԼŪһƬʲô˶Ƭɹˡ


 74 

, ·һͨ죬
ܴܲ㣬ѹ˵Сؿ, ǰ¿ûôŲǵС쵼, ʼˣͷˡ
ҪһЩ
ҲҪСǺЦƤ, Ƥ
·Ư·, µĿʽ, ȫǳɱۡۿŲڣһľߵĴүߺˡG⼸λ, ⶼвٻ¥ûе¿ʽ, ȷ
סļλȻͣסˡаٻ¥ûеģ
Сƺһ, һʶԳС·ȫ˽˵ÿĿİģС￴ȥǰչʾǸĴ޲ʵĴ
G᲻̫ˡ
бһҲкģ׻, ҪЩ, ЩҲ⴩
Ƕë, ·Ҳ⴩С̯Ͽ˿6ɫĴʲô
С￴źһʺ
С͵͵˺һһţľͷƵĺһóһӰġ
ǵо޵п㣬㿴еԵ, СĿǰĹֻпʹ
СС˵ǿͷƣϺβεЧ
ŮС󵨵Ļߵ̫Сˡ
ڶرȿ㡣
СһЩԸݣ㿴ҴСǿԼϴĺɫӡ
ÿ
Ϊúÿ
СŮֹ
ҪһСŮҲ֪ҪѡʲôɫģšҪСǶģҪҪɫġ
ҪϰһĺɫĿӡСͦģڴҲ䡣
СǮúһȥװҿɲʲôϰϰ壬Ҵӵġ
Сͷϰ壬⹤ж
СЦȻǴӵģйѾϹˡ
СźЦЦϰټ
ټСǻӻ֡
ۿ̯˶źӳʳŮҲ˹
СͨͨһȥӴԼҸڵľߵĴүһ顰ллղŰǡ
ҾͰǺ˼䣬ʲô¡үνذڰ֡
Сｫľ鵱棬һ6飬о޿һ4顣
ȵ9࣬СһǮ254飬ɡ
Ͼڶ죬ϳŵҲ٣԰̯
Աľߵһ۶ֱˡӣĽĻ
ԼԼࡱСЦźͺһ˵Ҫ뼸Сȥط̯һ׬١
ǴⶫôҲ򡱺һЦһֺÿĿӷ١
Ľй󣬰ٻ¥ĸëĻûÿùǶǶЩСЩϲЩСϲ
ѹ֡һЦмʲôҲˣһȥ6Ƭ˵ʱҪȥһġ
Сүľ߸ǵͷϡȵҡ
һס˵ͣ
˵Ҫȥ·ǿôҰڵ̯һʱˣʶ·֪󡱴үǰʳŵСʳ̫ˣûʲôõóֵɫ˸СЧ̫á
쿴С·ͻȻҲһԡ
šС￼˼롰ַʽûһҵĻȥͱǮȥپǶ٣׬Ĵ֣
ڶǮҸһɱۡСЦ룬Ҵ𸴡ǰӪҵִյģкϷĽţˣԷġ
Ҳˣнŵġүæ֤
һʽдŵַƬҪʶĶӣҲңҶҲС
ϾСŮһЩ˼ģԼһ
ԣʱڣҲкܶ๤ˣҶǸССĸɲҲʶˣҪʵ㣬ǿһС˵žͺͺһһȵؼˡ
˵Ҫòܻرˣһʿ˿Сĵˡ
ڴͷǷһ߻ٶȵЩСǮǮҲ󡣷һӳгʡһʣ룬ٶȣ¾ܻر
ˮҿһֱûͰˮպˣҲˡ
ҪС￴ֿ⣬Ҳʱչ˺ӡ
ֿĶ¥ĸӺͳСס
´βõǣ¾͸ˡһʺֲ˯ĺӡӹˣϢźá
СһҧŷԼ˴£ôܰԼء¥ǵԼСңֿһûסм¥ݵġ
һڵСпԼ̫޴ˡ
ȥϢɡһʼСǵͷĥ֪ûʲô¡
ڳԴף
Ź֣Сô׷ҪԴҲ㡱СϴȥԷ˵ͦġ
Ҳ˵㡱һʳ˿ڼ嵰´ҸóԡԴˣ
~СЦЦžͻˡЩСۡ
֪ͺá
˴ֵļ͹ȥ
Σе绰㡱Աѵ绰˺һߡ
һʽ˵绰ŷǴġ塱
ʲôһ͵ֱҽԺ𣿡
˳һȥ緹ĳСŷ˲̫Ծôˣ
˵¡
ҰˣֶŮСһӦҳˣòС
ӳС
ŶС΢Щ
һ̾ͱ˼

СҪû£
ɱˣôеǡ
ȥҽԺˣӦûΣաһʻ̫ȷֻ˵Ǳȶٴ绰
ҵ죬ܲһ԰ѻ˵꣬Ҫ㼱ˡСûô£
㻹ǵǸʳóʦô
СȻǳӶԺرһֱţر¡
ֻôùȥˣرһֱû£Ҳ¡
ҲǺ֣ûڼңԼһ˾͸һؼס
ۼң
ţǳĴȥġһȭͷϿ˼¡ӳǰ͵۴ӣ϶͵͵Ǻ߻ķϵĲ԰š
Ȼ£˱Сµ˴š
ǳûʱ˰ϵĲ˵˳ӳϿ
Ҿ˵ÿӦðѶʰãϴγûѲ˵ջȥСЩġҲ֪˵ôˣӲ˵λȥҪͶμʯţ㿴ӳڶˣǱߡ
һҡҡͷˣǵģȥɡ


 75 

һȥԷ, Ҳû˼ˣſ˵㶹ԡСѶԷ£ںһʰ칫Һһ
, ŮһмצԵ㣿һŮ˴ŹŮ, СһӴ, ԩ·խ
㡱㲻ɵһ㶡
ʶŮЦÿļˡòͬѧɡ
СЦЦ˵
ӴĳԶԣͳô㶫ôӣŮ˰˹Σ, ⼦צʳųԡ
һѲ鷳ˡ
鷳鷳, ҹŮⲻҪҵİ࣬ʱ䣬ӦӦ
Ӻһ߳ȥ, ִŹŮȥݷá
, ոͬѧ
ǡƲܲҾ˵Ǹһѧá
Ѿͷ, ô˵˼ңԺǺ鷳ô죿
һҲû뵽ԼЩôСԭǸˣȷʵЩ
Ӵ㻹ῴࣿСЦ
۾, ;۾ηηЩ, , ô峺
ȷԷʱҲϷһС̲סЦˡ϶ŵҪԺ
ֻҪ湤ҲûǸ鷳ҲûʲôޣһҲùϵ¿Ц
ǣֱ֪, Ҳ鷳㷲ܾãС뵽Ů˲СͿĵúܡ
ҡҡͷ޷ĺһʱ䡰82һ¾ҪʽУֻһʱˣȷȥѧ˵ⷢչͦġ
İɣǹԺչø족С˸צСϻȥ˸޹ǼצԣҲϲйͷ
ʲôһû˵
ǰѼצͷȥ
һûôˣԺһͷУ°˻ؼҾԣҪǲóҲóꡱ
緹СҲҪصҪûҵȥš
㡱
á
ϱϳ˺һתͷƬķȥ
ˣǰҶᣬϳͷҲصĵתСڴ߶źһʵıӰ˻ȭͷ
͡һЦСŷԱͻȻΰ
೤þòôϲ
þò㻹ô㡱С뻻λá
ΰ̯̯֡İɣѾʼ̸ˣڶûǸ˼
ŶСԹԵ˺ͷ
˵㿪˸ꡱ
أҪȥңСһҲš
ˣұȥһȽҪ£̬ȣ˵ˡΰ׼¸վ³
Сﲻ֪ǲڿЦ˵˵ʲôҪ£
㲻ˣ
Сû¹㣬ֻǾ̫˶ѡСڰ֡ҵˣͲ̸Щˣ˵˵ʲôҪ£Լצ
СﻹǺûļצһʿϲԾȫˡ
೤ôɰΰסĵļ¶һŮˣͷɢȥѧУ㣬ѧУżûˣҽȥͼݻˡ
˵Լʲô𣿡СôǵԼʶʲôͷɢŮˡ
˵ΰʼ硰ҿЩ񲻹ɷģûȥкµʦĵ꣬ʲô鷳һ
СﶼҪŮˣˣ
ΪʲôҪԼ
ѾˣҪؼˣ軹򶹸ȥΰЩ£軹˻ȥ緹أôãȥ϶Ҫѵˡ
лл㣬ѧԷ򿪴ӦĳС
֪ˡΰ֣漴ͷ·ϵĻѩȥ೤ղڳϿͰ೤ϳĺһʣԽԽˣԼܱȵģǰΪ˼һ㲻ʲô
ˣ˵ԺءΰôοԼ漴ȥˡ
೤ˡ¶ί˦˦֡иŮ£ҺͼŮˡ
첲㱻ҧˣǷŮ˴һơ
ҿС￴ָӡȥϢžУҸĹʵ
лл೤¶ˡҶӶˣٺ٣ȥԶٺõġ
СҺʹûǸľߵĴү쳢ʮ·ȥ̯û뵽һˣʹ״
šСﺰһǰͷţԼ˸ŵȥԱߵĲֿ⡣
򿪲ֿ⣬˼п͸
⺢ӽֵʱϵֽ˺ˣҽˮƴ㿴ܱǸذͼ˳С
ǳСΪ＾֯ƵļͼֽԼٹǮһЩĳЩɵıȸֻ
ǰԼûźã´βû˵ʱ尢ǵķŶССӵСʵ⻰ڰʾ´βҪǵķ䡣
Ҳˣ˼ظС·
ȳСŵ·ȥ˵ЩĶӵļ򡰱ܲú嵱ˡ
ΪʲôСӲӦġźԡ
ǡСﰢ̺ܶҲ׬ǮҲúأ
СЩˣƤ
ǣС￴ǸԼǮһʱûӦ
׼ûķʽ⼸λѻԼϡǴˡ
Ҳɣֻ׬ӬͷСˡСװԿģҪãϰ´μǵöЩ
ϰ壬Ǯ׬ȥˣŮˡ
ǵĶʱеļõЩȲϡСﲻġ
ʮˣŮҲģûͷ͡
ˣµŮ֪ȥ𣿡
Ůҡҡͷ
Ǽ鷳£Сﶼ֪
ϻĺһԴǽ绰£˵ˡ
ǸĽ
ôģΪʲôţСѵ֪Һг𣿡
Ϊʲôг𣿡 
ˣú˵Сɸ֡ݺҺͱˣ
Ҽǵã²ǹȥܾ𡱺һ롰˵ˣѾĻڸˣҼֳϵģҲǿ̫˵ûǱҲ˰ɾͣ˽š
ǺҪСֳ֪ԭ˼ǡֳʲôʱǵģ
Ҳ֪һֱӣ˵˴ơһ˵Ը񡰼ֳ˻ˣҼֳϵģҲֳˣǴӶ֪ڹҵѧ
Ұ֣֪ͨҫҪǲ˵ҲҲҡСͷۡǷˡ
ͦġһҲöǼֳָʹģٿǸ˰ˡֳ϶ֳϷˡ
СƢݺ˼˿ң׳գ
˵ˣһʶһʰԼô£һӼצڳСͷܡҪԵ޹ǼצҶˡ
С㲻ԣСˤŰѺһ⡣
裬צСˣָźһеļצ
㡱һȥİӼצȵݸС
壬ҪǸСָźһеļצ
һġһͷ
Ųһ޹ǼצڳһСʱŪģõϱ˸ԡ
ͣСӹһйͷǼצлл
û¶һЦЦ
ЦᣬõģԼû£ҪǺһӵĵöá


 76 

Լһʺĸ, Сˡ
Ҳ֪ǲԼˣܾСԼЩֵֹġ
ã˶Ҳ, СĴţһڿֽ
ҪҪȥԷ, ܾԼȥҪԵЩȥ̫ûˡ
ҪڹԶ, ҿԵû㡱һʿűֽͷҲ̧˵
˲ûţСҲĥˣֱ߹ȥ롰, Ҳˡ
һָָԼ, Сɿ˹ȥһ˺üڡҲˣȥҰѲһȡ
һȥȲˣСҲͷ˳ǷǲǸŪ
治
˵ĲС, ٰСĸҸ, ֲ˼, ܾԼ˼еϹ
ˣ£ԼŪС󱳡һ£˵簡, 硱
һһϴһ, ֪˵ʲôû
, Ӿӣһ᲻Ҹһء
Ȼһʾ֪ûˡ
¡
ʲôСȤشսˡ
̫Сĭӽȥһʰѹյͨ͡ǽһ𣬾, 
ŶСĴЩʧҪǺˣôҲһӣһڿ϶Ҹ
ҲһһͻȻЦˣС˵ʵҲϲǺӡ
ȻˣҲϲԸĺһԸһϲĺӣһϲ
ֻ˵ܶ޶ôģĺҲܽ͹ྴӡ
òŽͣСϱһͲ̣Ըܺġ
ǵó׵ϱ˵ϲ˲죬ͳСǻϲ˲ģϲϱ
ϱҺ㡱һȥӵʱת͵˷еСϱ
ȦĳСﲻ֪ôأͻȻܿ˵˾䡰лл
ع˻ԿŴЦ
裬Цʲô
ûʲôúóԲˡץץԵıӣÿһ붼Ǽ尾
ʮ壬ûôˣе˿ʼżë¾䡣
ϸ硱
ϸá
ǴϰļֳϴǸսӹĸڹԼС˾
ӴӴضôôءǰ̨ӵСƯϼּҵĶϱáС㼸˰£⹫˾Ҷӵġ
Сǿסʣεˡ
裡ֳȷʵԹ˾⼸ƯСԱЩǷ֮룬ĸľٶܲ
ĸȥһѵҶҰӻϼȥ
һǵ£㶼ʮˣٲȢ޾ͳˡ
͵ĴӶˣӣԼ׬ôǮ˭ã
ֲܡֳȥϼҴĸ׹ЩҫԼĳɾͣҪ̫ˣٰͻȥ
ϰ壬˵ǸȥҽͷС죬û䡣ǳСķװǲ⡱
ЩӴһʽʲô⣿ֳǰѾǴƴˣ궼ǵװ⣬ȳСڷװгϷֵһ
ȥ֪С￪˸ЩӴֳֻúЦЩʣµģֻóССС֣˿Ʋ
ιϼҲ֪ǰ˼ԼǿЦŮѵԼõǮƣ
ǹ궼ûϢӹ쿪ʼһºʲô㡱Сͷܾóϸ粻ġ
Ƿ³㣬ʲô˲ġֳϲǸŮʲô¡
ᱡ͵Ķ̿£ʲôʲô˫ŵſʲôӸ߸ӣҲ˵̫壬Ǵȷİ׳غÿСϱͱǶ˺üҵ˼ҵȥģҲҺͳϸ˵
ܺã
ܺãӦ󡣶ͻȻһ¾ͻˣȥûĶò˵һ½һ·ѹû򣬶ȥ·ȥˡ
û˾ļСﶼǴĳС·
ССسǾ͸żֳһ죬˼ǣ˼ֳϵұۡ
ҼǵֻʮˣôܲôֳࣿϿ˿Էùܵ۱棬ˤ˺üӡ
ϸ磬ǵسǵķسôϱڼԼĳغ͹˶˳СЩˣֻҪǮˣ㲻ؼҹʲô
ֳôһСﰡСŮ˻ôʹޡǰ⣬Ů˺Ҳװ⣬ǹʲô
ѹ֪ҲںֳĳСѧУСͷת
೤ǮСĳذҲ˷׷ΧҵܲڼǾͿ೤ˡ
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뿿żӣһ̵ֺ̰
˵ǻϹС԰硰·ٿָ, һװ͵ȫˡ
㣡СҼҵĵǻʱȣѧ֪ʶѧȥˡ֪˸С׬ЩСǮ, ЩӰǮ쵹Ҳ죬ʲô
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㣡㣡𾴵żҸĸûȲǵˡ
һĵȥ¹ӣٳٵûλˡ
Ҳ, ˷ʱЩظ, ȱѧ, ǻһӦӳнءʱǴ󸻺ˣ˭Ʋ˭һ
ǸվסҪѵγСﲻǻᡣ
ѽ, ִû˼, ˭ҲȰ˭һʲŵС͹ȥ
ûȰ, ֻǣСϲ˺Լû취ֱֻŵ
ޡ顢˿һٵĳСŲۣŷԼϼʡǵԭҪ˺üһëࡣ
ҪҪȥϼĳС·˷ѵȵȣͻȻͱͷĳˡ
ȥһ
С, ϹصȥˣƵĳСǱײԱסˡ
Ϲô֪СǼйû
ˡ¶ͻȻܹС೤ˣ֮ǰһֱŶӽб
У
СˣôУ
ٿԷģȻĳС̲סϧȥ׶һҼֳϣƹҲûȥȥĶˣƱʲôƦå۸ˡ
Сĵ㣬˵ˡСó¶ȥЩԵĹ
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ԵˡСס¶ֶһˮҲ䣡
ǰ೤ûһϵ೤ĶƬģǲſȥŮ˵ǰ۰೤һĶѣû˵䡱
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ô˵ǿ϶ˡһصС˵ҲһѺǺҪġ
ȥǱһͻȻһ⡰ŸϹϢ˳һ飬Ҳһȥǽ͡
Һͼұ༭ʶǺúðͼֳϵһ 
áСпҺƬΣЩýҲǾ򽻵ҪȻЩֽдҾͲˡ㶼ֳ֪ʱЩ˶ָָ㡱
ָҲ˵壬Щһ˵ƻ˼ͥĻŮˣΧȺھӿȥ޲òһšСǣҲû˻š
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յ˺һʵĿͳ壬ڶһ͹㲥ʼŪѰ£Ѻһߵĳʱ߸һ顣
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ֳϽ˰칫ҵĴ˴
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ֵûͦ󣬿ΪһʵǣЩֵĴѡųС
裬㿴ˣ˧ָűֽϺһƬˮĹǶ˼
еλˣҲǸʲôСϰῴϱˡ
ǣһͺܶ

ȷ˵ĺһջǿ˳С⣬Ǳͬװļֳµ˵͹ȡ
ضӳ°ûȥϴ裬㡱С񽫺һȫɨһ飬ʲô˼Զиˡ
˵Ż绰˲ȥ㶣ˡ
ˣҹһϼҡ
ʲô
ǱԭϱҪˣȥǱ߽ԿҲؼҿһֶŮŶˣҲ˳㿴廨
ֻȥҫһʲ
Сﲻ˼ʵҲҫ˼׬˴Ǯϼﶼûš
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һʾϱ˼⣬ֲִ
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æֳЦݻô
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صҵŶ²˾ģֻǣһ˯ŵĶӣҪǺһӵĵԺǰû˵
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